bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facilitators and Barriers for Effective Staff Work in Swedish National Governmental Crisis Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Westman Anja , Hugelius Karin , Weinstein Eric , Kurland Lisa 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Objectives:
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) crisis response in Sweden was managed foremost by a collaboration of several national agencies. Normally, their strategical and operational collaboration is limited, but the pandemic required new and unfamiliar collaborations. This study aimed to clarify the facilitators and barriers of perceived effective staff work within and between 4 national agencies.

Methods:
A qualitative study of 10 participants with leading roles within the 4 national agencies’ crisis organization was conducted via snowball sampling. The participant interviews were conducted between August and November 2020 and analyzed using content analysis.

Results:
Four categories emerged from the analysis: individual characteristics, intra-agency organization, interorganizational collaboration, and governmental directives. Subcategories crystallized from the data were analyzed and divided into factors for facilitating or to function as barriers for effective staff work.

Conclusion:
Individual factors such as attitude and approach were important for perceived effective staff work as well as clear mandates and structure of the organization. Barriers for perceived effective staff work include lack of network, the complexity of the mission and organizational structures, as well as lack of preparations and unclear mandates. Although flexibility and adaptability are necessary, they cannot always be planned, but can be incorporated indirectly by selecting suitable individuals and optimizing organizational planning.
Negotiating Sovereignty in German History—Historiographical Challenges
Authors: Graf Rüdiger , Tworek Heidi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article introduces a special issue on the politics of sovereignty in German history. Historical work provides an important corrective to understand the current discursive resurgence of sovereignty. Historians (and other scholars) should treat sovereignty not as a factual description of the world, but rather analyze it as a rhetorical claim to assert power in territorial, political, economic, legal, and cultural disputes. Much of the power of sovereignty lies in the power to define its boundaries, whether geographical or conceptual. German history offers a particularly fruitful route to historicize the concept, as Germany is arguably both a paradigmatic and a special case in the history of sovereignty. From late-nineteenth-century colonialism to contemporary disputes around gambling restrictions, German discourse on sovereignty has intertwined with and challenged international understandings of sovereignty together with neighboring concepts, such as independence, autonomy, supreme authority, and control. In the twentieth century, perhaps no country experienced stronger affirmations of both sovereignty and the necessity to integrate into inter- and supranational structures than the country at the center of the two world wars and subsequently divided during the Cold War.
The Things They Carried (and Kept): RevisitingOstalgiein the Global South
Authors: Schwenkel Christina 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe rich body of literature on the cultural legacies of East Germany has privileged white German perspectives on material culture at the expense of non-white and non-European encounters with socialist things. In shifting the spatial lens to the global South, and to the foreign students and workers who lived for extended periods in East Germany, I trouble the implicit whiteness in the study of GDR cultural memory. Popular identification with GDR goods extended beyond the borders of Germany to newly decolonized countries that were the beneficiaries of the GDR’s solidarity policies. Using the example of Vietnam, I challenge formulations ofOstalgieas a site of white German memory production only, highlighting consumption of East German products by racialized foreign Others. In examining the objects that Vietnamese migrants amassed and transported back to Vietnam, and their subsequent use and circulation through today, I offer a different take on the temporal and spatial relationship between people and commodities, one that assigns value and agency to imported socialist things. In contrast to reunified Germany, where socialist-era goods were deemed disposable and obsolete, in Vietnam, East German products did not lose their utility and associations with modernity. The essay argues for a more inclusive exploration of memory and approach toOstalgiethat takes seriously the alternative logics of time, space, and materiality that informed the circuits of consumption, trade, and meaning of GDR things.
A Slippery Sovereignty: International Law and the Development of British Cochin
Authors: Shankar Devika 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBritish Cochin was a port in southwestern India surrounded by princely states. This article uses a dispute surrounding its limits to interrogate the role international law played in generating novel forms of political claim-making among European and non-European powers at the turn of the twentieth century. Cochin was located in an area where both physical and political boundaries were hard to define. Situated at the tip of a narrow coastline surrounded by water, it was also lodged amid territories belonging to two princely states—Cochin State and Travancore. Its ever-shifting coastline and proximity to princely states forced colonial authorities to adopt a flexible approach to the port’s boundaries, allowing the tiny princely state of Cochin to become progressively more involved with the British port’s development over the nineteenth century. The article starts by examining the forces that shaped these entanglements, and then explores a territorial dispute involving British Cochin to illuminate the ways in which, during the twentieth century’s first quarter, both the colonial administration and the Cochin State deployed the language of international law to try to extend their powers over the port. By highlighting the Cochin State’s partially successful attempts at claiming sovereignty over the waters surrounding the harbor in order to become involved with the development of a port in British India, this article shows how international law emerged as a site through which semi-sovereign territories began testing and even extending the limits of their sovereignty.
Vessels of Wrath and God’s Pathos: Potter/Clay Imagery in Rom 9:20–23
Authors: Staples Jason A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractStarting from the concept of divine patience in Rom 9:22, this article argues that Paul employs the potter/clay metaphor not (as often interpreted) to defend God’s right to arbitrary choice but rather as an appeal to what Abraham Heschel called divine pathos—the idea that God’s choices are impacted by human actions. The potter/clay imagery in Rom 9:20–23 thus serves to highlight the dynamic and improvisational way the God of Israel interacts with Israel and, by extension, all of creation.
FOFC and what left–right asymmetries may tell us about syntactic structure building
Authors: ZEIJLSTRA HEDDE 
Published: April 2022

In this paper, I demonstrate that a well-known left-right asymmetry, Biberauer, Holmberg and Roberts’s (2014) Final-over-Final Condition (FOFC), which these authors claim follows from Kayne’s Linear Correspondence Axiom (LCA), is actually better explained under a symmetric approach to syntactic structure building in tandem with the mechanism that underlies the constraints on rightward movement. Apart from circumventing the theoretical and empirical problems that this LCA-based analysis faces, the fact that particles form a natural class of counterexamples to FOFC naturally follows under such a symmetric approach. The final part of this paper shows that this explanation to FOFC also straightforwardly applies to the semi-universal leftwardness of (subject) specifiers in both head-final and head-initial languages.
A Case Study on the Interaction Between MSTIDs' Fronts, Their Dissipation, and a Curious Case of MSTID's Rotation Over Geomagnetic Low‐Mid Latitude Transition Region
Authors: Rathi R. , Yadav V. , Mondal S. , Sarkhel S. , Sunil Krishna M. V. , Upadhayaya A. K. , Kannaujiya S. , Chauhan P. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper reports a rare interaction between two fronts of nighttime medium scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) and associated phenomena observed over geomagnetic low‐mid latitude transition region on a geomagnetically quiet night (Ap = 5) of 21 May 2020. The event was observed for nearly 8 hours in O(1D) 630.0 nm airglow images captured by an all‐sky imager installed at Hanle (32.7°N, 78.9°E; Mlat. ∼24.1°N), Leh Ladakh, India and supplemented by a digisonde and a global positioning system receiver located within the imager's field of view (FOV). The images revealed a slow‐moving MSTID front being followed by a fast‐moving MSTID front, both traveling southwestward. The third front of the MSTID caught up with the second one, initiating the interaction. As a consequence, a plasma channel was created during the interaction and the MSTIDs' fronts began decaying. Subsequently, they became thin strips and later dissipated within the FOV of the imager. The polarization electric field of the merged region of the two interacting MSTIDs' fronts played a key role in creating the plasma channel. In the later hours of the night, another MSTID with a rotating front was observed, which is a rarely reported phenomenon. The horizontal gradient in the westward wind is a plausible reason for the observed rotation. This study elucidates the complex nature of geomagnetic low‐mid latitude transition region.
The Subducting Slab as a Chromatographic Column: Regimes of Sub‐Solidus Mass Transport as a Function of Lithospheric Hydration State, With Special Reference to the Fate of Carbonate
Authors: Zhong Xin , Galvez Matthieu E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe investigate the chemical budget of subduction zones at sub‐solidus conditions using a thermodynamic‐numerical simulation in which all major rock components are treated as soluble and potentially mobile in aqueous fluids. This new strategy significantly improves the accuracy of predicted fluid‐rock equilibrium compositions in open petrological systems. We show that all slabs release volatiles and nonvolatiles to the mantle wedge, contributing to its refertilization. But some mobile constituents, such as alkali and alumina, may be trapped along layer boundaries or traverse without interaction depending on chemical contrasts between adjacent lithologies. The accumulation of igneous alumina and silica in the limestones of the central‐eastern Pacific slabs drives their decarbonation and is marked by metasomatic garnet growth. Those slabs are also predicted to lose much of their alkalis before sub‐arc depth. Even when they are produced in the altered mafic and ultramafic layers, fluids reach the slab/mantle wedge interface with distinct compositional signatures that are typical of the sedimentary cover. We distinguished supply and transport limited regimes of element subduction by testing the sensitivity of our mass balance to changes in slab hydration state (HS). Transport limited slabs sensitive to HS include notably a hotspot of carbon release to the mantle wedge (e.g., Costa Rica). Finally, we show that the quantitative budgets do depend on the geometry of fluid flows, and on assuming that slabs are mechanically continuous structures, which is questionable. Taken together, these insights will help better constrain the long‐term chemical evolution of the shallow planetary interior, and the thermomechanical behavior of the subduction interface.
Transcriptome-wide association study for postpartum depression implicates altered B-cell activation and insulin resistance
Authors: Guintivano Jerry , Aberg Karolina A. , Clark Shaunna L. , Rubinow David R. , Sullivan Patrick F. , Meltzer-Brody Samantha , van den Oord Edwin J. C. G. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPostpartum depression (PPD) affects 1 in 7 women and has negative mental health consequences for both mother and child. However, the precise biological mechanisms behind the disorder are unknown. Therefore, we performed the largest transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) for PPD (482 cases, 859 controls) to date using RNA-sequencing in whole blood and deconvoluted cell types. No transcriptional changes were observed in whole blood. B-cells showed a majority of transcriptome-wide significant results (891 transcripts representing 789 genes) with pathway analyses implicating altered B-cell activation and insulin resistance. Integration of other data types revealed cell type-specific DNA methylation loci and disease-associated eQTLs (deQTLs), but not hormones/neuropeptides (estradiol, progesterone, oxytocin, BDNF), serve as regulators for part of the transcriptional differences between cases and controls. Further, deQTLs were enriched for several brain region-specific eQTLs, but no overlap with MDD risk loci was observed. Altogether, our results constitute a convergence of evidence for pathways most affected in PPD with data across different biological mechanisms.
CDC42EP3 promotes glioma progression via regulation of CCND1
Authors: Yang Zhigang , Xu Tao , Xie Tao , Yang Liangliang , Wang Guiping , Gao Yang , Xi Gangming , Zhang Xiaobiao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGliomas are the most common brain malignancies characterized by high degree of aggressiveness and high mortality. However, the underlying mechanism of glioma progression remains unclear. Here, we probed the role of CDC42EP3 (CDC42 effector protein 3) played in glioma development and its potential downstream mechanism. The expression of CDC42EP3 in tumor and normal brain tissues were examined through immunohistochemistry and we found the likelihood of CDC42EP3 overexpression was positively correlated with pathological grading. Patients with higher expression of CDC42EP3 were more likely to suffer from recurrence as well. Through constructing CDC42EP3-knockdown cell models, we discovered that silencing CDC42EP3 significantly restricted cell proliferation and migration but facilitated cell apoptosis in vitro. Inhibition on tumor growth mediated by CDC42EP3 depletion was further verified in vivo. Regarding downstream target of CDC42EP3, we found that it may positively regulate the expression of CCND1 through c-Myc-mediated transcription. Furthermore, our findings affirmed that effects of CDC42EP3 overexpression on cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis could be confined by depleting CCND1. In a word, this study reported the tumor-promoting role of CDC42EP3 in glioma progression which probably functioned through targeting CCND1.
Obesogenic eating behaviour and dietary intake in German children and adolescents: results from the GINIplus and LISA birth cohort studies
Authors: Marb Anne , Libuda Lars , Standl Marie , Koletzko Sibylle , Bauer Carl-Peter , Schikowski Tamara , Berdel Dietrich , von Berg Andrea , Herberth Gunda , Bühlmeier Judith , Harris Carla P. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground/objectivesThe transition to adolescence is characterised by considerable behavioural changes, including diet. This study describes the level of obesogenic eating behaviours in 10- and 15-year-olds, and their association with dietary intake.Subjects/methodsParticipants of the 10- and 15-year follow-ups of the German GINIplus and LISA birth cohort studies were included (N10 = 2257; N15 = 1880). Eating behaviours and dietary intake were assessed via self-report questionnaires. Sex-stratified, cross-sectional associations of “external eating”, “emotional eating” and “dietary restraint” (the latter at age 15 years only) with dietary intake (17 food groups—categorised into tertiles, macronutrients, and total energy) were assessed using multinomial logistic or multiple linear regression as required, adjusting for covariates and correcting for multiple testing.ResultsReported levels of eating behaviours were low in both age-groups. External eating was higher in 10-year-old males than females, while all eating behaviours were most pronounced in 15-year-old females. At 10 years, emotional eating was associated with medium vegetable intake in females (Relative Risk Ratio (RRR) = 1.84,p = 0.0017). At 15 years, external eating was associated with total energy (kJ) in females (β = 718,p = 0.0002) and high butter intake in males (RRR = 1.96,p = 0.0019). Dietary restraint in females was inversely associated with total energy (β = −967,p < 0.0001) and omega-3 fatty acids (Means Ratio (MR) = 0.94,p = 0.0017), and positively associated with high fruit (RRR = 2.20,p = 0.0003) and whole grains (RRR = 1.94,p = 0.0013).ConclusionObesogenic eating behaviour scores are low among children and adolescents of a predominantly high socioeconomic status population and present only few associations with specific aspects of diet, mainly among adolescent females.
Recommendations for reporting results of diagnostic genomic testing
Authors: Deans Zandra C. , Ahn Joo Wook , Carreira Isabel M. , Dequeker Elisabeth , Henderson Mick , Lovrecic Luca , Õunap Katrin , Tabiner Melody , Treacy Rebecca , van Asperen Christi J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractResults of clinical genomic testing must be reported in a clear, concise format to ensure they are understandable and interpretable. It is important laboratories are aware of the information which is essential to make sure the results are not open to misinterpretation. As genomic testing has continued to evolve over the past decade, the European Society of Human Genetics (ESHG) recommendations for reporting results of diagnostic genetic testing (biochemical, cytogenetic and molecular genetic) published in 2014 have been reviewed and updated to provide the genomic community with guidance on reporting unambiguous results.
Gut microbiota production of trimethyl-5-aminovaleric acid reduces fatty acid oxidation and accelerates cardiac hypertrophy
Authors: Zhao Mingming , Wei Haoran , Li Chenze , Zhan Rui , Liu Changjie , Gao Jianing , Yi Yaodong , Cui Xiao , Shan Wenxin , Ji Liang , Pan Bing , Cheng Si , Song Moshi , Sun Haipeng , Jiang Huidi , Cai Jun , Garcia-Barrio Minerva T. , Chen Y. Eugene , Meng Xiangbao , Dong Erdan , Wang Dao Wen , Zheng Lemin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNumerous studies found intestinal microbiota alterations which are thought to affect the development of various diseases through the production of gut-derived metabolites. However, the specific metabolites and their pathophysiological contribution to cardiac hypertrophy or heart failure progression still remain unclear. N,N,N-trimethyl-5-aminovaleric acid (TMAVA), derived from trimethyllysine through the gut microbiota, was elevated with gradually increased risk of cardiac mortality and transplantation in a prospective heart failure cohort (n = 1647). TMAVA treatment aggravated cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction in high-fat diet-fed mice. Decreased fatty acid oxidation (FAO) is a hallmark of metabolic reprogramming in the diseased heart and contributes to impaired myocardial energetics and contractile dysfunction. Proteomics uncovered that TMAVA disturbed cardiac energy metabolism, leading to inhibition of FAO and myocardial lipid accumulation. TMAVA treatment altered mitochondrial ultrastructure, respiration and FAO and inhibited carnitine metabolism. Mice with γ-butyrobetaine hydroxylase (BBOX) deficiency displayed a similar cardiac hypertrophy phenotype, indicating that TMAVA functions through BBOX. Finally, exogenous carnitine supplementation reversed TMAVA induced cardiac hypertrophy. These data suggest that the gut microbiota-derived TMAVA is a key determinant for the development of cardiac hypertrophy through inhibition of carnitine synthesis and subsequent FAO.
The importance of biofilm formation for cultivation of a Micrarchaeon and its interactions with its Thermoplasmatales host
Authors: Krause Susanne , Gfrerer Sabrina , von Kügelgen Andriko , Reuse Carsten , Dombrowski Nina , Villanueva Laura , Bunk Boyke , Spröer Cathrin , Neu Thomas R. , Kuhlicke Ute , Schmidt-Hohagen Kerstin , Hiller Karsten , Bharat Tanmay A. M. , Rachel Reinhard , Spang Anja , Gescher Johannes 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMicrarchaeota is a distinctive lineage assigned to the DPANN archaea, which includes poorly characterised microorganisms with reduced genomes that likely depend on interactions with hosts for growth and survival. Here, we report the enrichment of a stable co-culture of a member of the Micrarchaeota (Ca. Micrarchaeum harzensis) together with its Thermoplasmatales host (Ca. Scheffleriplasma hospitalis), as well as the isolation of the latter. We show that symbiont-host interactions depend on biofilm formation as evidenced by growth experiments, comparative transcriptomic analyses and electron microscopy. In addition, genomic, metabolomic, extracellular polymeric substances and lipid content analyses indicate that the Micrarchaeon symbiont relies on the acquisition of metabolites from its host. Our study of the cell biology and physiology of a Micrarchaeon and its host adds to our limited knowledge of archaeal symbioses.
Selective optogenetic control of Gq signaling using human Neuropsin
Authors: Wagdi Ahmed , Malan Daniela , Sathyanarayanan Udhayabhaskar , Beauchamp Janosch S. , Vogt Markus , Zipf David , Beiert Thomas , Mansuroglu Berivan , Dusend Vanessa , Meininghaus Mark , Schneider Linn , Kalthof Bernd , Wiegert J. Simon , König Gabriele M. , Kostenis Evi , Patejdl Robert , Sasse Philipp , Bruegmann Tobias 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGqproteins are universally important for signal transduction in mammalian cells. The underlying kinetics and transformation from extracellular stimuli into intracellular signaling, however could not be investigated in detail so far. Here we present the human Neuropsin (hOPN5) for specific and repetitive manipulation of Gqsignaling in vitro and in vivo with high spatio-temporal resolution. Properties and G protein specificity of hOPN5 are characterized by UV light induced IP3generation, Ca2+transients and inhibition of GIRKchannel activity in HEK cells. In adult hearts from a transgenic animal model, light increases the spontaneous beating rate. In addition, we demonstrate light induced contractions in the small intestine, which are not detectable after pharmacological Gqprotein block. All-optical high-throughput screening for TRPC6 inhibitors is more specific and sensitive than conventional pharmacological screening. Thus, we demonstrate specific Gqsignaling of hOPN5 and unveil its potential for optogenetic applications.
Structural basis for different types of hetero-tetrameric light-harvesting complexes in a diatom PSII-FCPII supercomplex
Authors: Nagao Ryo , Kato Koji , Kumazawa Minoru , Ifuku Kentaro , Yokono Makio , Suzuki Takehiro , Dohmae Naoshi , Akita Fusamichi , Akimoto Seiji , Miyazaki Naoyuki , Shen Jian-Ren 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFucoxanthin chlorophyll (Chl) a/c-binding proteins (FCPs) function as light harvesters in diatoms. The structure of a diatom photosystem II-FCPII (PSII-FCPII) supercomplex have been solved by cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) previously; however, the FCPII subunits that constitute the FCPII tetramers and monomers are not identified individually due to their low resolutions. Here, we report a 2.5 Å resolution structure of the PSII-FCPII supercomplex using cryo-EM. Two types of tetrameric FCPs, S-tetramer, and M-tetramer, are identified as different types of hetero-tetrameric complexes. In addition, three FCP monomers, m1, m2, and m3, are assigned to different gene products of FCP. The present structure also identifies the positions of most Chls c and diadinoxanthins, which form a complicated pigment network. Excitation-energy transfer from FCPII to PSII is revealed by time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. These structural and spectroscopic findings provide insights into an assembly model of FCPII and its excitation-energy transfer and quenching processes.