bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adherence to a healthy sleep pattern and incidence of cardiometabolic multimorbidity among hypertensive patients: a prospective study of UK Biobank
Authors: He Lingfang , Ma Tianqi , Li Jinchen , Luo Yi , Zhang Guogang , Cheng Xunjie , Bai Yongping 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Study Objectives
To investigate whether a healthy sleep pattern would reduce the risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) among hypertensives.

Methods
This is a prospective cohort analysis from the UK Biobank. A total of 69 524 hypertensives without a history of diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, or stroke at baseline were enrolled. Five dimensions of healthy sleep at baseline including early chronotype, sleep 7–8 h/d, free of insomnia, no snoring, and no frequent excessive daytime sleepiness were used to generate a healthy sleep score ranging from 0 to 5 (one point was given for each dimension of healthy sleep). A higher score indicated a healthier sleep pattern. We set five groups corresponding to the healthy sleep score of 5, 4, 3, 2, and 0–1, respectively. The primary outcome was the incidence of overall CMM among enrolled hypertensives. We assessed the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) by Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard models.

Results
We found the full-adjusted HR (95% CI) for overall CMM was 0.93 (0.91–0.95) for a 1-point increase in the healthy sleep score. Compared to hypertensives with a healthy sleep score of 0–1, those with a score of 5 had a 27% lower risk of overall CMM, and 37%, 23%, and 20% lower risks of diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, and stroke, respectively, after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristic, lifestyle, and clinical factors.

Conclusions
Our results indicated that a healthy sleep pattern was associated with lower risks of CMM outcomes among hypertensives.
Astigmatism analysis and reporting of surgically induced astigmatism and prediction error
Authors: Holladay Jack T. , Wilcox Rand R. , Koch Douglas D. , Wang Li 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
To provide a method for determining the vector that, when added to the preoperative astigmatism, results in no prediction error (PE) and to specify statistical methods for evaluating astigmatism and determining the 95% confidence convex polygon.

Setting:
Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, and University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.

Design:
Retrospective consecutive case series.

Methods:
An analysis of 3 clinical trials involving toric intraocular lenses was performed. 3 formulas were evaluated (generic vergence formula with zero surgically induced astigmatism, the Barrett toric formula, and the Holladay toric formula). Scalar and vector analyses were performed on each dataset with each formula and the results compared. Since the PE was not a Gaussian distribution, a 95% convex polygon was used to determine the spread of the data.

Results:
The mean values for the vector absolute astigmatism PEs were not different for the 3 formulas and 3 datasets. The Barrett and Holladay toric calculators were statistically superior to the zero formula for 3 intervals (0.75, 1.0, and 1.25) in the high astigmatism dataset.

Conclusions:
Residual astigmatism and vector absolute astigmatism PE mean values and SDs are useful but require extremely large datasets to demonstrate a statistical difference, whereas examining percentages in 0.25 diopters (D) steps from 0.25 to 2.0 D reveals differences with far fewer cases using the McNemar test for a P value. Double-angle plots are especially useful to visualize astigmatic vector PEs, and a 95% confidence convex polygon should be used when distributions are not Gaussian.
The Relationship Between Perceived Quality of Care and the Patient Safety Culture of Turkish Nurses
Authors: KARACA Anita , AKIN Semiha , HARMANCI SEREN Arzu Kader 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Evaluating nurses' perceived quality of care and safety culture is an essential part of the nursing practice and critical to improving the quality of nursing care.

Purpose
This study aimed to examine the relationship between perceived quality of care and Turkish nurses' patient safety culture.

Methods
This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The data were collected from a foundation university hospital in Istanbul. The sample consisted of 116 nurses, and data were collected using the Caring Behaviors Inventory-24 and Patient Safety Culture Scale. The nurses were asked to complete the questionnaires.

Results
The mean age of participating nurses was 25.95 (SD = 6.72) years. The mean duration of professional experience of the participants was 6.37 (SD = 6.05) years. Most (72.4%) of the participants were women who had graduated from vocational high schools (52.6%) and were working in the neonatal intensive care unit (37.9%). The highest mean subdimension score on the Caring Behaviors Inventory-24 was 5.78 (SD = 0.43) for the knowledge and skills subdimension. The highest mean subdimension score on the Patient Safety Culture Scale was 3.55 (SD = 0.48) for the unexpected event and error reporting subdimension. Statistically significant correlations were found between Caring Behaviors Inventory-24 and Patient Safety Culture Scale scores (r = .553, p < .01), with the lowest correlation found between the employee behavior and knowledge and skills dimensions (r = .305, p = .001). The highest statistically significant correlation coefficients that were found were between the Patient Safety Culture Scale total scores and the connectedness dimension of the Caring Behaviors Inventory-24 (r = .58, p < .001).

Conclusions/Implications for Practice
Nurses perceive patient care positively and have a positive perception of safety culture. Evaluating the perceived quality of care and patient safety culture perceptions will help prevent adverse events related to patient care and improve the quality of care.
Senescence in pulmonary arterial hypertension: is there a link?
Authors: Semen Khrystyna O. , Bast Aalt 
Published: June 2022

Purpose of review
Cellular senescence has been recognized as a promising target in the treatment of many cardiovascular diseases. The pathways involved in the development of senescence share many similarities with pathobiological mechanisms of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). But the potential of senolytics to improve pulmonary hemodynamics and to reduce vascular remodelling in PAH has thus far not been investigated in depth.

Recent findings
PAH does not seem to be a disease of only young people since the mean age of PAH patients is constantly increasing. Changes in expression of senescence biomarkers related to cell cycle arrest, namely upregulation of the tumour suppressor protein p53 and the cell cycle inhibitors p16ink4A an p21cip1 as well as an increase in apoptosis resistance biomarker Bcl2 (B-cell lymphoma 2) and development of senescence-associated phenotype characterized by excessive production of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and interleukin 6 were demonstrated in PAH patients. Initiatives to link the senescence-modulating effect of certain compounds to clinically relevant outcomes in PAH are still limited.

Summary
Further exploration of the role of senescence in the pathobiology of PAH may point to new relevant treatment strategies. Identification of the cell-specific senescence biomarkers which can be used in vivo, could further promote identification of clinically relevant pathways and design of clinical studies which will help to establish effective therapeutic use of senolytic compounds.
Mouse models of type 1 diabetes and their use in skeletal research
Authors: Kalaitzoglou Evangelia , Fowlkes John L. , Thrailkill Kathryn M. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose of reviewIn this review, we describe the three primary mouse models of insulin-deficiency diabetes that have been used to study the effects of type 1 diabetes (T1D) on skeletal outcomes. These models include streptozotocin (chemically)-induced diabetes, autoimmune-mediated diabetes (the nonobese diabetes mouse), and a mutation in the insulin gene (the Akita mouse). We then describe the skeletal findings and/or skeletal phenotypes that have been delineated using these models.Recent findingsHumans with T1D have decreased bone mineral density and an increased risk for fragility fracture. Mouse models of insulin-deficiency diabetes (hereafter denoted as T1D) in many ways recapitulate these skeletal deficits. Utilizing techniques of microcomputed tomography, bone histomorphometry, biomechanical testing and fracture modeling, bone biomarker analysis, and Raman spectroscopy, mouse models of T1D have demonstrated abnormalities in bone mineralization, bone microarchitecture, osteoblast function, abnormal bone turnover, and diminished biomechanical properties of bone.SummaryMouse models have provided significant insights into the underlying mechanisms involved in the abnormalities of bone observed in T1D in humans. These translational models have provided targets and pathways that may be modifiable to prevent skeletal complications of T1D.
Insulin resistance and skeletal health
Authors: Lei Wang Shin , Kindler Joseph M. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose of review
Bone fragility is a complication of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and insulin resistance is suspected to contribute to diabetes-related bone deficits. This article provides an overview of emerging clinical research involving insulin resistance and bone health by summarizing recent publications, identifying existing knowledge gaps, and suggesting ‘next steps’ for this evolving field of research.

Recent findings
Clinical studies in children and adults report greater bone density in people with increased insulin resistance, but these associations are often attenuated when adjusting for body size. Advancements in bone imaging methods allow for assessment of nuanced characteristics of bone quality and strength that extend beyond standard bone mineral density assessment methods. For example, several recent studies focusing on lumbar spine trabecular bone score, a relatively new measure of trabecular bone quality from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, have reported generally consistent inverse associations with insulin resistance. Longitudinal studies using advanced imaging methods capable of evaluating trabecular bone microstructure and strength, such as high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography, are lacking. Studies in younger individuals are sparse, but emerging data suggest that peak bone mass attainment might be threatened by diabetes progression, and increased visceral fat, suppressed muscle-bone unit, advanced glycation end-products, sedentary lifestyle, and poor diet quality might contribute to diabetes effects on bone. Prospective studies during the transition from adolescence to young adulthood are required.

Summary
Insulin resistance is a main feature of T2D, which is suspected to contribute to subclinical diabetes-related threats to bone health. Future clinical studies should focus on the critical years surrounding peak bone mass and peak bone strength attainment using contemporary imaging techniques.
The future of laser technology in kidney stones
Authors: Kallidonis Panagiotis , Vagionis Athanasios 
Published: June 2022

Purpose of review
The aim of this study was to present the recent and promising innovations of the new laser technologies used for the treatment of renal stones.

Recent findings
Taking advantage of pulse modulation, new technologies such as the Moses effect, the Virtual basket and the Vapor tunnel have been introduced. These technologies seem to improve lithotripsy efficacy by reducing retropulsion and increasing the stone ablation rate.
High-power laser lithotripsy has arisen in everyday clinical practice in some centres. The combination of equal efficacy and safety levels compared with the low-power laser lithotripsy and significantly reduced operative time could explain this trend.
Thulium fibre laser is an innovative type of laser-emitting machine that offers a lot of advantages compared with its predecessors. The different mechanism of creating the laser pulse offers new possibilities in laser lithotripsy and perhaps in the future thulium fibre laser could replace Ho:YAG as the golden standard for laser lithotripsy.

Summary
Laser lithotripsy is heavily based on technological equipment. The continuous improvement of available lasers increases the endoscopic lithotripsy levels of efficacy and safety.
Basal cell carcinoma of the prostate: a case report responding to the FGFR inhibitor pemigatinib and literature review
Authors: Rebhan Katharina , Wasinger Gabriel , Hassler Melanie R. , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Compérat Eva M. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose of review
Due to the limited number of cases, there are no guidelines for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the prostate. This review combines an unpublished case report of a 55-year-old patient with BCC with an assessment of the latest literature.

Recent findings
BCC of the prostate has previously been described in only approximately 140 cases. We describe the diagnostic process, including the uropathological and DNA-sequencing results, which allowed us to start an experimental treatment with pemigatinib. BCC of the prostate is associated with an aggressive biological and clinical behavior, such as recurrence and metastasis. Several immunohistochemical stainings are available to differentiate BCC from adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Based on pathology and results from next-generation sequencing (NGS), patients can be offered targeted therapies.

Summary
With the aid of histological work-up and immunostaining, prostatic BCC can be accurately diagnosed. Our patient underwent radical prostatectomy and staged extended lymphadenectomy due to lymph node recurrence. The patient subsequently developed progressive disease and was treated with the FGFR-inhibitor pemigatinib. The patient's liver metastasis significantly responded. The present case confirms the possibility of aggressive behavior of prostatic BCC and highlights the importance of a thorough uropathological and molecular biological analysis with a precision medicine strategy.
Device-assisted intravesical chemotherapy treatment for nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer: 2022 update
Authors: Vartolomei Mihai Dorin , Ferro Matteo , Roth Beat , Teoh Jeremy Yuen-Chun , Gontero Paolo , Shariat Shahrokh F. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose of review
To critically analyze the oncological outcomes and safety profile of device-assisted intravesical chemotherapy studies reported in 2021. Studies were considered eligible if they included patients with nonmuscle invasive blood cancer (NMIBC), had a prospective or retrospective design, included at least 10 patients, were published in 2021, and assessed the oncological impact of device-assisted intravesical chemotherapy and/or reported standardized adverse effects (AEs).

Recent findings
Eight new studies reported oncological outcomes after hyperthermic intravesical chemotherapy (HIVEC). In Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) naive patients, the reported 2-yr. recurrence-free survival (RFS) ranged from 70.7% to 82.4%, with one study reporting 2 yr. progression free survival (PFS) of 92%. In both BCG naive and BCG refractory patients, the reported 1-yr. RFS ranged from 60.5% to 70% and PFS was 94% in one study. For radiofrequency-induced HIVEC, the reported 5-yr. estimates were 38%for RFS and 91.5%for PFS. Regarding AEs, 10.2% of patients had severe AEs. Six studies reported AEs after HIVEC; the majorities were grade 1–2 AEs.

Summary
Data coming from the studies published in the last years provides support for a consolidating role of device-assisted intravesical chemotherapy as a safe and effective alternative first- or second-line adjuvant treatment of patients with NMIBC.
Quality Metrics to Assess Cytopathology Practice Patterns: Focus on Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology
Authors: Vander Laan Paul A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Quality assurance measures in the cytology laboratory help ensure accurate and consistent diagnoses. For thyroid fine-needle aspirations (FNAs), various cytologist performance metrics have been proposed to help monitor and explain cytologist practice patterns. Thoughtful implementation of metrics such as diagnostic category utilization rates, ratios of key diagnostic categories, surgical outcome data, and correlation with ancillary molecular testing results have been proposed to help minimize the use of indeterminate diagnostic categories in thyroid FNAs, such as atypia of undetermined significance. Development of laboratory dashboards coupled with periodic confidential feedback to the cytopathologist or cytotechnologist can help monitor and correct practice patterns that fall outside target norms.
Successful Identification of a Neoplastic Tissue Contaminant in Surgical Pathology
Authors: Anderson Jessica D. , Amin Mitual B. , Bernacki Kurt D. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Tissue contamination, where extraneous tissue becomes embedded into the paraffin block or fixed onto the slide, is a relatively common quality issue in surgical pathology and can occur at any step between specimen collection by the clinician and slide coverslipping. We report a case of tissue contamination within a paraffin block and describe our subsequent investigation, which was successful in identifying the source of contamination.
Data-Driven Decision-Making in Support of Managing Pathology Laboratories
Authors: Dahl Julia , Myers Jeffrey L. , Pantanowitz Liron 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Pathology laboratories generate large amounts of patient and operational data, usually housed in laboratory information systems. Linking that information to other data sources for data mining and analytics is essential to inform decision-making by multiple stakeholders to effectively manage the pathology laboratory. We review and illustrate examples of how data-driven decision-making can support laboratory operations, resource management, personnel performance and productivity, quality assurance, and business activities. The application of dashboards and informatics tools for data-driven decision-making in pathology is highlighted.
Reporting Critical/Urgent/Significant Results in Anatomic Pathology: The Devil Is in the Details
Authors: Kallen Michael Edward , Otis Christopher N. , Staats Paul N. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Critical value reporting is an important facet of laboratory management and represents a significant potential challenge in patient care delivery, as well as a high-value target for quality improvement initiatives in both anatomic and clinical pathology settings. A recurring problem concerns successfully contacting unavailable health care providers with unexpected and/or time-sensitive results. We report a case of an incidentally detected and unexpected finding of tumor cells in a routine hip arthroplasty, in a patient under surgical management for a variety of chronic issues including peripheral arterial disease and traumatic fall. The abnormal result proved to be the first presentation of a widely disseminated metastatic melanoma. Although multiple associated health care providers were successfully contacted with the unexpected finding and acknowledged awareness of the concern for metastatic melanoma, one provider was not successfully contacted with the pathology result, leading to frustrations among multiple parties and a slight delay in appropriate patient referral. The sequence of events presents an opportunity to review standards of care regarding urgent diagnosis reporting in anatomic pathology and assess the published literature surrounding this issue.
Opinions on noninvasive sensory feedback of upper limb prosthetic users
Authors: Smither F. Clay , Andrews Karen L. , Scrabeck Tyson L. , Lennon Ryan J. , Zhao Kristin D. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Restoring touch perception for individuals with upper extremity limb loss is an ambitious task. It is important to understand how persons with upper limb loss think this would be best achieved.

Methods:
An anonymous online survey was developed to obtain data from prosthetic users. Participants ranked the perceived acceptability and effectiveness of noninvasive sensory feedback to areas of intact sensation not typically involved in sensory feedback (i.e., the arm). The focus was on 4 main types of haptic information—object contact, proprioception, surface texture, and grasp force—as well as how best to convey those senses with various stimuli. The users were asked to grade themselves in certain tasks and then analyze which tasks would be improved with sensory feedback. Associations were explored between demographic characteristics and interest in sensory feedback.

Results:
Nationally, prostheses providers sent more than 2000 email invitations to the online survey and received 142 unique responses. Responses indicated interest in sensory feedback through prosthetic limbs by individuals with upper limb loss. The most popular pairing of haptic information with sensory substitution was grasp force paired with gentle vibration. Tasks that most persons taking the survey agreed would benefit from sensory feedback were zipping a jacket, tying shoes, buttoning a shirt, and using a cup. No difference was observed in interest between sex and employment status, but a significant decrease (P = .004) was seen in interest among participants with more years of prosthetic use.

Discussion:
The results from this national survey of upper extremity prosthetic users can be used to help guide the development of noninvasive sensory feedback options.
Matched Versus Mixed COVID-19 Vaccinations in Korean Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: An Observational Study
Authors: Kang Ji-Man , Lee Juhan , Huh Kyu Ha , Joo Dong Jin , Lee Jae Geun , Kim Hye Rim , Kim Ha Yan , Lee Myeongjee , Jung Inkyung , Kim Min Young , Kim Sinyoung , Park Younhee , Kim Myoung Soo 
Published: June 2022

Background.
Solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) are vulnerable to severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and exhibit poor antibody responses to COVID-19 vaccines. Herein, we compared the humoral immunogenicity of a mixed vaccine (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 [ChAd]/BNT162b2 [BNT]) with that of conventional matched vaccines (mRNA, adenoviral vector [AdV-Vec]) in SOTRs.

Methods.
Serum samples were collected at Severance Hospital (Seoul, Korea) between September and October 2021 (14 d–5 mo after COVID-19 vaccination; V2). The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antispike IgG titer (BAU/mL; ELISA) and neutralization inhibition (percentage; neutralization assay) were compared between vaccination groups overall and stratified by V2 (poststudy vaccination visit) timing.

Results.
Of the 464 participants, 143 (31%) received mRNA vaccines, 170 (37%) received AdV-Vec vaccines, and 151 (33%) received mixed vaccines (all ChAd/BNT). The geometric mean titer for the ChAd/BNT group was 3.2-fold higher than that of the AdV-Vec group (geometric mean ratio, 3.2; confidence interval, 1.9-5.4) but lower than that of the mRNA group (geometric mean ratio, 0.4; confidence interval, 0.2-0.7). Neutralization inhibition in the ChAd/BNT group was 32%, which was higher than that in the AdV-Vec group (21%; P < 0.001) but lower than that in the mRNA group (55%; P = 0.02). There was no difference in geometric mean titer by V2 timing (ChAd/BNT, 45 versus 31, days 14–60; mRNA, 28 versus 15, days 61–150).

Conclusions.
The ChAd/BNT group showed higher humoral immunogenicity than the AdV-Vec group, with similar immunogenicity to the mRNA vaccine. Nevertheless, immunogenicity following the primary vaccination series was poor in all vaccine groups, supporting the justification for booster vaccination in SOTRs.