bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐native stinging ant interactions with native anurans
Authors: Warren Robert J. , Solomon Corinna 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNative predators may ignore or avoid non‐native prey because they do not recognize the novel organisms as food, or the invasive prey may bring antipredatory defences against which the native predators have not co‐evolved a sufficient attack. Non‐native ants successfully invade novel habitats worldwide and, in eastern North America, several invasive ant species bring venomous stings in quantities that far exceed that of native ant species. Ants make up a considerable portion of anuran diets, and we investigated how several native anurans reacted to the invasion of the non‐native European fire ant (Myrmica rubra). Myrmica rubra has a venomous sting, and it occurs in aggressive swarms that can deliver multiple stings. Despite these defences, based on field observations, we expected that leopard frogs (Lithobates pipiens) might consume the abundant ants. We also predicted that habitat niche differences from the moisture‐dependent ants would limit consumption by the more terrestrial American toads (Anaxyrus americanus) and more aquatic green frogs (Lithobates clamitans). Our results suggested that none of the anuran species make use of the M. rubra swarms. The anurans, particularly A. americanus, consumed ample native ants in the field, but not M. rubra ants. In the laboratory, A. americanus ate several M. rubra ants, and L. pipiens a few, but experienced anuran individuals collected from M. rubra‐invaded habitat were less likely to eat the ants in laboratory. Hence, at best, M. rubra invasion appears to supplant rather than supplement anuran food resources.
Antiseizure medication and perceived “fair” cost allocation: A factorial survey among neurologists, persons with epilepsy, their relatives, and a control group
Authors: Stritzelberger Jenny , Walther Katrin , Olmes David , Gollwitzer Stefanie , Graf Wolfgang , Welte Tamara M. , Lang Johannes D. , Reindl Caroline , Schwab Stefan , Kriwy Peter , Hamer Hajo M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveBecause resources are limited in modern health care systems, the decision on the allocation of expensive drugs can be supported by a public consent. This study examines how various factors influence subjectively perceived “fair” pricing of antiseizure medication (ASM) among four groups including physicians, persons with epilepsy (PWEs), their relatives, and a control group.MethodsWe conducted a factorial survey. Vignettes featured a fictional PWE receiving a fictional ASM. The characteristics of the fictional PWE, ASM, and epilepsy varied. Participants were asked to assess the subjectively appropriate annual cost of ASM treatment per year for each scenario.ResultsFifty‐seven PWEs (mean age (SD) 37.7 ± 12.3, 45.6% female), 44 relatives (age 48.4 ± 15.7, 51.1% female), 46 neurologists (age 37.1 ± 9.6, 65.2% female), and 47 persons in the control group (age 31.2 ± 11.2, 68.1% female) completed the questionnaire. The amount of money that respondents were willing to spend for ASM treatment was higher than currently needed in Germany and increased with disease severity among all groups. All groups except for PWEs accepted higher costs of a drug with better seizure control. Physicians and the control group, but not PWEs and their relatives, tended to do so also for minor or no side effects. Physicians reduced the costs for unemployed patients and the control group spent less money for older patients.SignificanceASM effectiveness appears to justify higher costs. However, the control group attributed less money to older PWEs and physicians allocated fewer drug costs to unemployed PWEs.
Atrophy of the hippocampal CA1 subfield relates to long‐term forgetting in focal epilepsy
Authors: Mukaino Takahiko , Uehara Taira , Yokohama Jun , Okadome Toshiki , Arakawa Tomomi , Yokoyama Setsu , Sakata Ayumi , Takase Kei‐ichiro , Togao Osamu , Akamatsu Naoki , Shigeto Hiroshi , Isobe Noriko , Kira Jun‐ichi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe mechanisms underlying accelerated long‐term forgetting (ALF) in patients with epilepsy are still under investigation. We examined the contribution of hippocampal subfields and their morphology to long‐term memory performance in patients with focal epilepsy.MethodsWe prospectively assessed long‐term memory and performed magnetic resonance imaging in 80 patients with focal epilepsy (61 with temporal lobe epilepsy and 19 with extratemporal lobe epilepsy) and 30 healthy controls. The patients also underwent electroencephalography recording. Verbal and visuospatial memory was tested 30 s, 10 min, and 1 week after learning. We assessed the volumes of the whole hippocampus and seven subfields and deformation of the hippocampal shape. The contributions of the hippocampal volumes and shape deformation to long‐term forgetting, controlling for confounding factors, including the presence of interictal epileptiform discharges, were assessed by multiple regression analyses.ResultsPatients with focal epilepsy had lower intelligence quotients and route recall scores at 10 min than controls. The focal epilepsy group had smaller volumes of both the right and left hippocampal tails than the control group, but there were no statistically significant group differences for the volumes of the whole hippocampus or other hippocampal subfields. Multiple regression analyses showed a significant association between the left CA1 volume and the 1‐week story retention (β = 7.76; Bonferroni‐corrected p = 0.044), but this was not found for the whole hippocampus or other subfield volumes. Hippocampal shape analyses revealed that atrophy of the superior‐lateral, superior‐central, and inferior‐medial regions of the left hippocampus, corresponding to CA1 and CA2/3, was associated with the verbal retention rate.SignificanceOur results suggest that atrophy of the hippocampal CA1 region and its associated structures disrupts long‐term memory consolidation in focal epilepsy. Neuronal cell loss in specific hippocampal subfields could be a key underlying cause of ALF in patients with epilepsy.
The globalization of production, national labour regulations and income inequality in the global North and South, 1980–2013
Authors: Roberts Anthony , Tran Thai Binh 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA central concern over global value chains (GVCs) is whether the integration of national firms into GVCs exacerbates income inequality within countries. However, despite decades of research, the distributional consequences of GVCs remain unclear in the empirical literature. Drawing on panel data from 96 countries between 1980 and 2013, we examine the effects of GVC integration on market income inequality and whether national labour regulations moderate these effects. We find integration increases inequality in the global North and South. More importantly, we find labour regulations amplify the inequality effects of integration in Southern countries by expanding the size of the informal sector while suppressing these effects in Northern countries by promoting unionization. This suggests institutional power from national labour regulations may enhance the bargaining power of labour in the North through increasing collective resources while disempowering labour in the South through reinforcing labour market segmentation between formal and informal sectors.
Impact of empathy with nature on pro‐environmental behaviour
Authors: Wang Litong , Sheng Guanghua , She Shengxiang , Xu Jiaqi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractExisting studies show the role of empathy with nature in improving attitudes toward the environment. This article demonstrates that induced empathy with nature can improve environmental behaviours and commitments. We find that environmental commitment and behaviour are positively affected by empathy with nature and establish a causal model between empathy with nature and pro‐environmental behaviour. We further investigate the relationship between self‐construal (interdependent or independent), empathy with nature (existing or non‐existing) and pro‐environmental behaviour. The results indicate that participants who have empathy with nature display stronger pro‐environmental behaviour, particularly in the private domain. Commitment to the environment plays a mediating role in this relationship and self‐construal plays a moderating role. Specifically, for individuals with interdependent self‐construal, empathy with nature promotes pro‐environmental behaviour, whereas for individuals with independent self‐construal, empathy with nature has no statistically significant effect on pro‐environmental behaviour.
Exposing the grey wolf, moth‐flame, whale, firefly, bat, and antlion algorithms: six misleading optimization techniques inspired bybestialmetaphors
Authors: Camacho‐Villalón Christian L. , Dorigo Marco , Stützle Thomas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe present a rigorous, component‐based analysis of six widespread metaphor‐based algorithms for tackling continuous optimization problems. In addition to deconstructing the six algorithms into their components and relating them with equivalent components proposed in well‐established techniques, such asparticle swarm optimizationandevolutionary algorithms, we analyze the use of the metaphors that inspired these algorithms to understand whether their usage has brought any novel and useful concepts to the field of metaheuristics. Our result is that the ideas proposed in the six studied algorithms have been in the literature of metaheuristics for years and that the only novelty in these self‐proclaimednovelalgorithms is six different terminologies derived from the use of new metaphors. We discuss the reasons why the metaphors that inspired these algorithms are misleading and ultimately useless as a source of inspiration to design effective optimization tools. Finally, we discuss the rationale often presented by the authors of metaphor‐based algorithms as their motivation to propose more algorithms of this type, which is based on a wrong understanding of the no‐free‐lunch theorems for optimization.
An analysis of price strategies with price matching in the presence of showrooming
Authors: Zeng Yuwen , Hou Wenhua 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWith multi‐channel retail competition, some offline retailers implement price matching services to combat consumers’ showrooming behavior. With this service, offline retailers cut their prices to match the online price if it is lower. In this paper, we establish a game model that involves an offline and online retailer in the presence of showrooming to analyze the impact of price matching. Specifically, we capture consumers’ uncertainty of product value and heterogeneous awareness of price matching and assume that the online retailer provides a free return policy. The results indicate that price matching alleviates showrooming and relaxes competition. Moreover, we find that the online retailer adopts a randomized pricing strategy if the offline visiting cost is moderate. We further show that the price matching strategy does not necessarily benefit offline retailers and hurt online retailers. Subsequently, we identify the offline retailers’ optimal conditions for implementing price matching.
Effects of temperature, pH and sodium chloride on antimicrobial activity of magnesium oxide nanoparticles against E. coli O157:H7
Authors: Yoon Joon Young , Yeom Woorim , Kim Hoikyung , Beuchat Larry R. , Ryu Jee-Hoon 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Aim
This study was done to determine the effects of temperature, pH and sodium chloride (NaCl) on antimicrobial activity of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles (NPs) against E. coli O157:H7.

Methods and results
Culture conditions were established by varying the pH (5.0, 7.2 and 9.0), NaCl concentration (0.5, 2.0, 3.5 and 5.0%, w/v), and incubation temperatures (4, 12, 22 and 37°C). At each condition, the antimicrobial activities of MgO-NPs (0, 1, 2 and 4 mg/ml) against E. coli O157:H7 were measured. Four-way analysis of variance indicated interactions among all factors had a significant effect (p ≤ 0.05) on the antimicrobial activity of MgO-NPs. The concentration of MgO-NPs necessary to cause a 5-log reduction of E. coli O157:H7 under the most inhibitory conditions (37°C, pH 9.0, and 5.0% NaCl) was 0.50 mg/ml of MgO-NPs.

Conclusion
The antimicrobial activity of the MgO-NPs increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) with increased temperature, pH and NaCl concentration in TSB.

Significance and impact of the study
The influence of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on antimicrobial activity of MgO-NPs we found will contribute to the development of microbial decontamination strategies using MgO in the food industry.
Nurse preceptors' orientation competence and associated factors—A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Pohjamies Netta , Haapa Toni , Kääriäinen Maria , Mikkonen Kristina 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsTo identify distinct orientation competence profiles amongst nurse preceptors and explain the associated factors.DesignA cross‐sectional study design.MethodsThe data were collected during the winter of 2020–2021 from registered nurses (N = 8279, n = 844) at one university hospital in Finland through an online questionnaire that included a self‐administered electronic version of the Preceptors' Orientation Competence Instrument. K‐means clustering was then used to identify nurse preceptor profiles. Chi‐square, Fisher's exact test, Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests were used to analyse factors associated with competence profiles. The results were reported as frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation.ResultsA total of three distinct orientation competence profiles (A, B, C) were identified. Profile A nurses evaluated their orientation competence at the highest level, whereas profile C nurses evaluated their competence at the lowest level. Sufficient clinical and theoretical experience, a motivation to work, willingness to orient new employees and participation in orientation and/or mentoring education were found to be associated with competence profiles.ConclusionThe findings expand the current knowledge base of nurse preceptors' orientation competence. Health care organizations should recognize different orientation competence profiles amongst the nursing staff since the selection of a preceptor should always be based on possessing the necessary orientation competence rather than availability. The results indicate that preceptors (who reported taking on various tasks and covering multiple roles) need support from co‐workers to sufficiently concentrate on employee orientation tasks. The results also indicate that preceptors need further orientation education, which should—for example—outline the learning goals for new employees and how preceptors can assess employee performance.ImpactWhat problem did the study address?

Prior research has not applied a robust theoretical framework covering all aspects relevant to a preceptor's competence.

What were the main findings?

A nurse's clinical and theoretical experience, motivation to work, willingness to orient new employees, and prior participation in orientation and/or student mentoring education were found to influence their level of orientation competence.

Where and on whom will the research have an impact?

Healthcare organizations can use the results of this study to make the selection of preceptors competency‐based rather than their availability.

Nurse leaders can use the results of this study to pinpoint which areas of nurses' orientation competence and associated factors need to be improved.

Increased orientation competence will enable clinical nurses to provide high‐quality orientation to new employees, which is crucial to the retention of nursing staff and the quality of patient care.
The catharsis of male consumption: Reimagining masculinity in India
Authors: Das Arindam , Roy Chaudhuri Himadri , Goswami Paromita 
Published: July 2022

AbstractResearch on alternate masculinity from India that emphasize consumption and consequent subjective well‐being (SWB) is primarily about gay men. However, our research points to different marginal masculinity, alternate consumption, and consecutive SWB. The present study uses in‐depth interview methods to uncover the “marginal” masculinity of a group of urban, upper‐middle‐class, heterosexual Indian men. We probe their consumption as a part of their identity project referred to as cathartic. Such consumption leads to a sense of high subjective consumer well‐being amidst an otherwise patriarchally defined Indian consumptionscape. This almost fledgling group of men relates itself to the shifting world order of normative masculinity, denounces the patriarchal norms, betrays the cause of male privilege, empathetically responds to the paradigms of femininity, accepts the fall of hegemonic forms of masculinity, and is sensitive toward “others” and ecological/sustainability issues. We further argue that this “cathartic masculinity,” as evident through their consumption, may impact the fledging gender‐fluid marketplace of tomorrow.
Pediatric obesity—Long‐term consequences and effect of weight loss
Authors: Marcus Claude , Danielsson Pernilla , Hagman Emilia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractChildhood obesity is, according to the WHO, one of the most serious challenges of the 21st century. More than 100 million children have obesity today. Already during childhood, almost all organs are at risk of being affected by obesity. In this review, we present the current knowledge about diseases associated with childhood obesity and how they are affected by weight loss. One major causative factor is obesity‐induced low‐grade chronic inflammation, which can be observed already in preschool children. This inflammation—together with endocrine, paracrine, and metabolic effects of obesity—increases the long‐term risk for several severe diseases. Type 2 diabetes is increasingly prevalent in adolescents and young adults who have had obesity during childhood. When it is diagnosed in young individuals, the morbidity and mortality rate is higher than when it occurs later in life, and more dangerous than type 1 diabetes. Childhood obesity also increases the risk for several autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Crohn's disease, arthritis, and type 1 diabetes and it is well established that childhood obesity also increases the risk for cardiovascular disease. Consequently, childhood obesity increases the risk for premature mortality, and the mortality rate is three times higher already before 30 years of age compared with the normal population. The risks associated with childhood obesity are modified by weight loss. However, the risk reduction is affected by the age at which weight loss occurs. In general, early weight loss—that is, before puberty—is more beneficial, but there are marked disease‐specific differences.
Oral Health Literacy, Sense of Coherence and Associations With Poor School Performance
Authors: Mialhe Fábio L. , de Oliveira Júnior Alcir J. , Junior Manoelito F. S. , Jamieson Lisa , Neiva Andréa , Soares Gustavo H. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThis study aimed to investigate the associations of oral health literacy (OHL), sense of coherence (SOC) and other covariates with self‐reported school performance (SRSP) in adolescents enrolled in public schools in Brazil.METHODSThis was a cross‐sectional study conducted with adolescents aged from 14 to 18 years enrolled in 6 public schools in Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil. Researchers carried out data collection at schools using a self‐administered structured questionnaire. The dependent variable was SRSP. The explanatory factors included were sociodemographic characteristics, OHL, SOC, self‐rated oral health, health behaviors, and experience of bullying. Analyses included simple and multiple logistic regression models.RESULTSThe final sample consisted of 385 adolescents with a mean age of 16 years. Poor school performance was associated (95%CI) with being male, with more than 1 sibling, individual whose last visit to the dentist was due to dental pain, with a lower level of OHL and SOC.CONCLUSIONSOHL and SOC were important factors associated with SRSP performance together with other sociodemographic and oral health‐related variables in high school students. Our findings reinforce the importance of intersectoral actions between the health and education sectors to promote better school performance among adolescents, including actions to improve OHL and SOC.
Implementation of the ‘PicNic’ handover huddle: A quality improvement project to improve the transition of infants between paediatric and neonatal intensive care units
Authors: Barzegar Rebecca , Martin Bianca , Fleming Glenda , Jatana Vishal , Popat Himanshu 
Published: July 2022

AimsThorough handover and effective communication are crucial to the transfer of clinical information between different intensive care units. Following a sentinel patient safety event, an improvement project was initiated to reduce patient safety risks associated with the transfer of complex patients between the neonatal and paediatric intensive care.MethodsA handover tool was implemented over a 4‐month period, guiding handover through means of a handover huddle. The tool ensured a full ISBAR (Introduction, Situation, Background, Assessment, Response) handover, with a specified attendance register. It acknowledged specific safety points inclusive of outstanding investigations, procedural history and medication transcription. Post implementation, huddle checklist sheets were audited for compliance and a staff satisfaction survey was conducted.ResultsThirty‐nine handovers took place during this trial period, of which 69% were captured in the huddle process. Senior medical and nursing staff attendance was greater than 95% throughout the process, and 100% of huddles attended to a full ISBAR handover. Sixty staff satisfaction survey responses were received, 90% of which identified the process to improve the safety of patient handover. Responses also identified safety issues such as discontinuity of medication transcription between the units, and inappropriate patient transfers occurring outside of working hours. Qualitative feedback highlighted how the tool improved interdepartmental educational and collaboration opportunities.ConclusionsThe ‘PicNic’ huddle effectively facilitated a standardised handover between paediatric and neonatal intensive care. It also recognised the importance of interdepartmental collaboration and education surrounding culturally different clinical practices. Further improvement cycles continue to progress the tool and initiate a digital format for ongoing use.