bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Headache in Patients after Occipital Extradural Hematoma (EDH) with Less Than 15 ml of Volume after Single Burr Hole Evacuation and Placement of Drain
Authors: Zubair Mahmood Rana , Ali Dehraj Sikandar , Khan Sarfraz , Mansoor Usama , Mansoor Usama , Zayed Qamar Muhammad , Ahmad Touqeer 
Published: January 2022

Objective: We hypothesized that if we operate occipital extradural hematoma (EDH) having a volume less than 15 ml by single burr hole evacuation of extradural hematoma (EDH) and placement of drain without doing craniotomy then clinical status of the patients particularly headache improves.
Method: An observational study of 15 patients (with presenting GCS: 8–13) was conducted on patients who were operated in Punjab Institute of Neurosciences (PINS). All patients had acute extradural hematoma less than 15 ml after a road traffic accident (RTA). The age range was 22 – 45 years. All patients were operated on within 12 hours of road traffic accident. The timing of surgery was in the range of 1-2 hours.
Results: In all patients, surgery was performed by a single burr hole at the occipital region at the site of occipital EDH and the drain was placed in an extradural position. Co-morbidities in our patients were DM, polytrauma. Receiving GCS was 9 in 2 (13.33%) patients, was 13 in 10 (66.67%), was 8 in 1 (6.66%) patient and receiving GCS was 15 in 2 (13.33%) patients. All patients were assessed clinically on 5th post-operative day. It was seen headache was relieved on 5th post-operative day in all patients except 1 (6.66%) patient. Our 1 (6.66%) patients came for follow-up with the complaint of headache and vomiting which was managed conservatively.
Conclusion: Surgery by single burr hole evacuation and placement of drain is a safe method if occipital EDH is less than 15 ml in volume
Frequency of Post-Operative Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Leak in Retromastoid Surgery for Vestibular Schwannoma: A Three-Year Experience of a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Amir Sohail , Ahmad Ayaz , Amman Atif , Ali Numan Muhammad , Ayub Shahid 
Published: January 2022

Objective: Descriptive study was aimed is to find out the frequency of CSF leak in retro mastoid surgery for Vestibular Schwannoma.
Material and Methods: From 2017 to 2020, 63 patients underwent microsurgical excision of Vestibular Schwannoma with retro sigmoidal approach in the Department of Neurosurgery, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. All patients of either sex underwent retro mastoid approach for Vestibular Schwannoma surgery, having complete dural closure per operatively were included in this study. Data was collected which included symptoms, clinical assessment, radiological findings, per-operative and postoperative findings. Patients were monitored for 30 days after surgery and checked for any CSF leaks.
Results: There were 36 male and 27 female patients. In our study, the postoperative CSF leak was present in 9(14%) of cases. There was no significant difference (p-value 0.097) whether the dura was closed with graft and without graft. Insignificant differences existed in CSF leak vs. different age groups (p-value 0.964) and gender (p-value: 0.917).
Conclusion: Our study found that after retro sigmoid approach for vestibular Schwannoma surgery, the frequency of CSF leak was 14%, which gives us insight into our complication rate and allows us to change our surgical procedure technique, such as using fibrin glue or less frequently artificial dura, to reduce this rate.
Complications Following Comparison of Surgery for Chronic Subdural Hematoma, With and Without Postoperative Drainage Tube
Authors: Altaf Imran , Shams Shahzad 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is one of the most common entities treated in neurosurgery. Postoperative subdural drainage employed after burr hole evacuation for treating CSDH reduces recurrence, but whether it leads to increased surgical complications compared to no postoperative drainage is debatable. The present study was designed to assess whether postoperative subdural drainage leads to increased surgical complications following burr hole evacuation of CSDH compared to no drainage.
Materials and Methods: The medical records of 69 patients treated with burr hole evacuation for chronic subdural hematoma between July 2013 to April 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups. In group A patients, postoperative subdural drainage had been employed following burr hole evacuation of CSDH, while in group B patients there was no drainage. The two groups were then compared for the development of surgical complications other than recurrence.
Results: Sixteen patients developed complications. Acute Subdural hematoma formed in 3 patients. There was intraparenchymal drain insertion in 6 patients. An empyema developed in 2 patients, while one patient each developed an Extradural hematoma, fits, contusion, and hemorrhagic infarction. All the complications occurred in the group A patients receiving postoperative subdural drainage. Postoperative subdural drainage tube was found to be significantly associated (p = 0.0017) with complications.
Conclusion: We conclude that postoperative subdural drainage following burr hole evacuation of chronic subdural hematoma is associated with increased surgical complications compared to no drainage.
Surgical Outcome of Transpedicular Fixation for Degenerative Spondylolisthesis in Terms of Relief from Backache
Authors: Haq Naeem-ul- , Ishaq Muhammad , Khan Musawer , Ahmed Adnan , Ali Gohar 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To document the outcome of transpedicular fixation for degenerative spondylolisthesis in terms of relief from backache.
Materials & Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted in Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan. Static and dynamic spinal X-rays were used to diagnose degenerative spondylolisthesis. This research looked at how patients' pain levels, neurological state, and union improved after surgery. Patients with grade 5 spondylolisthesis, having congenital spinal anomaly, or who had previous spinal surgery were excluded from the study.
Results: In total 35 patients were included, 54.3% were male and 45.7% female. The primary reason for surgery was severe backache with 24 individuals having normal neurological status and 11 patients having some neurological abnormality. L5–S1was the most commonly involved level in 24 patients. Meyerding grades were used to determine the slip grade. The average duration of follow-up was two years and five months, with a maximum of five years and a minimum of six months. 83 percent of patients had pain reduction, whereas neurological improvement was achieved in 64 percent of instances and surgical union was achieved in 91 percent of cases. There was no neurological impairment in the patients treated with transpedicular fixation. Significant differences exist between preoperative and postoperative GRS scores in the following pain categories: no pain, mild, server and excruciating.
Conclusion: Transpedicular fixation is a protected, simple, and successful procedure for patients with spondylolisthesis for pain relief in backache. It also contributes to surgical union and improvement in the neurological status of the patients.
Stereotactic Thalamotomy – A Conventional But A Valuable and Effective Surgical Strategy for Parkinsonian Tremors
Authors: Ahmed Khan Rizwan , Ali Amjad , Yasin Abu Bakar , Mahmood Khalid 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To determine the frequency of improvement in tremors in Parkinsonian patients after stereotactic thalamotomy.
Material & Methods: A descriptive case series was conducted in the department of Neurosurgery Unit II, Lahore General Hospital from January 2016 to March 2020. The study included65 patients of Parkinson’s disease with tremors refractory to medicines for 6 months who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Outcome and possible complications were explained before taking informed consent. An outcome like reduction in tremors was used as a research instrument. It was determined by a modified unified Parkinson's disease rating score (UPDRS). Patients were diagnosed based on history, clinical examination, and MRI brain by a team comprising of neurologists and neurosurgeons. Thalamotomy was done by one surgical team. Patients were examined and scored post-operatively at 3 weeks and 3 months. Improvement was labeled as a reduction in tremors upto grade 1 or more from baseline after thalamotomy.
Results: Improvement in tremors after thalamotomy was observed in 58.5% of patients whereas there was no improvement in tremors after thalamotomy in 41.5% of patients. There was no significant association between age and improvement in tremors after thalamotomy (p-value = 0.786). No significant association was found between the duration of medical treatment and improvement in tremors after thalamotomy (p-value = 0.681).
Conclusion: Improvement in tremors after thalamotomy was observed in 58.5% of parkinsonian patients. Effect modifiers like age and duration of medical treatment were not significantly associated with improvement in tremors after thalamotomy.
Immediate postoperative complications of sellar suprasellar lesions operated via pterional approach
Authors: Tahir Hamayun , Ali Shah Zulfiqar , Hassan Naseer , Ayaz Muhammad , Ali Mumtaz , Azam Farooq , Feroz Samina 
Published: January 2022

Objective: In neurosurgical facilities, lesions that occur in the sella turcica and suprasellar area are frequently encountered. Different complications have been documented in the past studies following surgical management of sellar suprasellar lesions. This study's rationale was to get data from our local population on complications related to the transcranial approach for sellar suprasellar lesions. The study aimed to determine the immediate (within one week) postoperative complications of sellar suprasellar lesions operated via a pterional approach
Material and Methods: This descriptive case series study was conducted from June 2019 to June 2020 at the neurosurgical facility lady reading hospital Peshawar. A total of 117 patients, meeting inclusion criteria irrespective of gender, diagnosed with the sellar suprasellar lesion between 18 to 60 years of age operated through a pterional approach. Post-op patients were followed for seven days to access main outcome measures such as CSF leak and diabetes insipidus.
Results: CSF leak found in 7.7% (n = 9) of patients while diabetes insipidus was detected in 14.5% (n = 17) patients. Gender and age-based stratification showed no statistically significant difference for both postoperative complications.
Conclusion: Diabetes insipidus was a more frequent postoperative complication in patients undergoing the pterional approach for sellar suprasellar lesions followed by CSF leak. However, no statistically significant correlation was observed between different age groups and gender for all these complications.
ANALISIS PERANCANGAN ALAT BANTU BONGKAR YANG ERGONOMIS DAN MENGURANGI BIAYA DEBIT NOTE UNTUK PRODUK REMOT MODEL V6 DI PT. HEI
Authors: Beni Beni Abidin 
Published: January 2022

Di berbagai industri, banyak proses produksi yang masih dikerjakan secara manual sehingga tenaga kerja manusia merupakan peranan yang sangat penting. Terkadang pada perancangan sistem kerjanya, beban dan yang diterima pekerja kurang diperhitungkan apakah dalam batas aman artinya sesuai dengan keterbatasan dan kemampuan manusia atau tidak. Penelitian ini dilakukan di PT.HEI yang bergerak dalam bidang industri elektronik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pengolahan data dengan metode ergonomi maka diketahui data antropometri yang digunakan untuk merancang perancangan alat bantu bongkaran remote v6 yang ergonomis adalah Tp, Tsb dan Ps. Besar ukuran antropometri tubuh pekerja setelah pengolahan data dengan menggunakan persentil 5, persentil 50 dan persentil 95 yang digunakan untuk acuan perancangan didapatlah dimensi ukuran masing-masing yaitu: Tp 94,2cm, Tsb 100,2 cm dan Ps 20,4 cm. Selain itu dari hasil perhitungan, rata-rata selisih penurunan NG bongkaran remot v6 didapat rata-rata sebelum menggunakan alat jumlah NG 12,3 dan sesudah menggunakan alat menjadi rata-rata 1,5 jumlah NG. Biaya debit note yang dikeluarkan perusahaan per 10 hari pengerjaan bongkaran remote v6 sebelum menggunakan alat sebesar Rp. 2.583.000 dan setelah .menggunakan alat sebesar Rp.378.000. Maka untuk memecahkan masalah tersebut perlu dirancang perancangan alat yang sesuai dimana hasil data ukuran persentil digunakan dalam perancangan alat dan dalam rancangan pembuatan alat bahan yang digunakan adalah As Alumunium Ø 10 mm x p 350 mm, Plat Besi 100 x 100 x 1,5 mm, Plat Dural Alumunium 155 x 70 x 140 mm dan Stainless Ø 0.8 x 50 mm dengan total harga pembuatan alat sebesar Rp.1.276.060.
Peran Serta Masyarakat, Generasi Muda Dalam Pencegahan Dan Penanggulangan Bahaya Narkotika Dan Obat Terlarang Di Desa Bulalo Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara
Authors: Isa Rusli 
Published: January 2022

Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) Tematik “Desa Bersinar” Universitas Negeri Gorontalo Tahun 2021 mengusung tema besar mengenai Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dalam Pemberantasan Penyalahgunaan Narkoba/Narkotika demi Mewujudkan Desa Bersinar (Bersih Narkoba), yang bertujuan Program Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) Tematik oleh Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (LPPM) Universitas Negeri Gorontalo (UNG) Tahun 2021 diorientasikan untuk membantu masyarakat dalam memerangi penyalahgunaan narkoba yang sekarang sedang marak terjadi di masyarakat pada umumnya. Program-program yang akan dibawakan oleh mahasiswa mengacu pada kegiatan-kegiatan pendampingan kepada masyarakat untuk sama-sama Tangguh dan tanggap dalam pemberantasan penyalahgunaan Narkoba Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara. Pencapaian tujuan program ini akan terlaksana dengan adanya kegiatan sosialisasi ataupun penyuluhan yang dilakukan oleh petugas dari Badan Narkotika Nasional Kabupaten (BNNK) Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara dengan pihak terkait, yang dibantu oleh mahasiswa pelaksana Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) Tematik “Desa Bersinar” tahun 2021. Disamping itu peran pemerintah, swasta, organisasi masyarakat setempat juga diperlukan dalam rangka menjalin kerjasama untuk menyukseskan program Pemberantasan Penyalahgunaan Narkoba dan obat terlarang. Adapun luaran yang diharapkan dari kegiatan ini adalah terciptanya kesadaran bagi masyarakat dan generasi muda Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara menjadi tahu dan paham tentang cara menanggulangi narkoba, sehingga masyarakat bersama-sama generasi muda sudah dapat melakukan upaya pencegahan terhadap hal-hal yang dapat mengarahkan ke tindakan penyalahgunaan narkotika dan obat-obatan terlarang.Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) Tematik 2021 di Desa ini telah menghasilkan beberapa kegiatan inti yang terdiri dari: 1) Pembentukan Satgas Narkoba berupa; (a. Relawan Anti Narkoba, b. Agen Pemulihan Narkoba dan, c. Intelijen Narkoba Desa), 2) Melaksanakan Workshop dan Bimtek bagi satgas Desa Bersinar, 3) Melaksanakan Sosialisasi di setiap Dusun dan Sekolah yang ada di Desa Bulalo dan, 4) Melaksanakan evaluasi Tes Urine bagi apparat/perangkat desa di Desa Bulalo. Kegiatan tersebut dilakukan untuk dapat dilakukan pencegahan dan penanggulangan bahaya narkotika dan obat terlarang serta meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat desa Bulalo akan bahaya narkotika dan obat terlarang serta untuk menciptakan desa Bulalo yang bersih dari narkoba. Disamping pelaksanaan program inti mahasiswa peserta Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) juga melaksanakan program tambahan yang sebagai bentuk partisipasi mahasiswa dalam membantu pemerintah dalam pembangunan di Desa.
Processing and Analysis for Radio Science Experiments (PARSE): Graphical Interface for Bistatic Radar
Authors: Sirri Paul , Palmer Elizabeth M. , Heggy Essam 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Opportunistic bistatic radar (BSR) observations of planetary surfaces can probe the textural and electrical properties of several solar system bodies without needing a dedicated instrument or additional mission requirements, providing unique insights into volatile enrichment and supporting future landing, anchoring, and in situ sampling. Given their opportunistic nature, complex observation geometries, and required radiometric knowledge of the received radio signal, these data are particularly challenging to process, analyze, and interpret for most planetary science data users, who can be unfamiliar with link budget analysis of received echoes. The above impedes real-time use of BSR data to support mission operations, such as identifying safe landing locations on small bodies, as was the case for the Rosetta mission. To address this deficiency, we develop an open-source graphical user interface—Processing and Analysis for Radio Science Experiments (PARSE)—that assesses the feasibility of performing BSR observations and automates radiometric signal processing, power spectral analysis, and visualization of DSN planetary radio science data sets acquired during mission operations or archived on NASA’s Planetary Data System. In this first release, PARSE automates the processing chain developed for Dawn at Asteroid Vesta, streamlining the detection of DSN-received surface-scatter echoes generated as the spacecraft enters/exits occultations behind the target. Future releases will include support for existing Arecibo data sets and other Earth-based radio observatories. Our tool enables the broader planetary science community, beyond planetary radar signal processing experts, to utilize BSR data sets to characterize electrical and textural properties of planetary surfaces. Such tools are becoming increasingly important as the number of space missions—and subsequent opportunities for orbital radio science observations—continue to grow.
Porosity-filling Metamorphic Brines Explain Ceres’s Low Mantle Density
Authors: Melwani Daswani Mohit , Castillo-Rogez Julie C. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Recent work has sought to constrain the composition and makeup of the dwarf planet Ceres’s mantle, which has a relatively low density, between 2400 and 2800 kg m−3, as inferred by observations by the Dawn mission. Explanations for this low density have ranged from a high fraction of porosity-filled brines to a high fraction of organic matter. We present a series of numerical thermodynamic models that yield the mineralogy and fluid composition in the mantle as a function of Ceres’s thermal evolution. We find that the resulting phase assemblage could have changed drastically since the formation of Ceres, as volatile-bearing minerals such as serpentine and carbonates would partially destabilize and release their volatiles as temperatures in the mantle reach their maximum about 3 Gyr after Ceres’s formation. These volatiles consist mainly of aqueous fluids containing Na+ and HS− throughout the metamorphic evolution of Ceres and, in addition, high concentrations of CO2 at high temperatures relatively recently. The predicted present-day phase assemblage in the mantle, consisting of partially devolatilized minerals and 13–30 vol% fluid-filled porosity, is consistent with the mantle densities inferred from Dawn. The metamorphic fluids generated in Ceres’s mantle may have replenished an ocean at the base of the crust and may even be the source of the Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 mineral deposits observed at Ceres’s surface.
Optical Constants of a Titan Haze Analog from 0.4 to 3.5 μm Determined Using Vacuum Spectroscopy
Authors: He Chao , Hörst Sarah M. , Radke Michael , Yant Marcella 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Titan's thick atmosphere is primarily composed of nitrogen and methane. Complex chemistry happening in Titan's atmosphere produces optically thick organic hazes. These hazes play significant roles in Titan's atmosphere and on its surface, and their optical properties are crucial for understanding many processes happening on Titan. Due to the lack of such information, the optical constants of laboratory-prepared Titan haze analogs are essential inputs for atmospheric modeling and data analysis of remote-sensing observations of Titan. Here we perform laboratory simulations in a Titan-relevant environment, analyze the resulting Titan haze analogs using vacuum Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and calculate the optical constants from the measured transmittance and reflectance spectra. We provide a reliable set of optical constants of Titan haze analogs in the wavelength range from 0.4 to 3.5 μm and will extend it to 28.5 μm in the near future, which can be used for analyzing both existing and future observational data of Titan. This study establishes a feasible method to determine optical constants of haze analogs of (exo)planetary bodies.
Telomere length in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Magd Galal-Eldin M. , Entesar Ahmad S. , Manal Hafez R. , Eman Sobh M. , Mona Alrayes H. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Telomere length (TL) is considered a biomarker of cellular aging. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is found to be associated with premature aging and the senescence hypothesis is now accepted as a molecular pathway for COPD development.

Purpose
The aim of this study was to measure TL in COPD patients and to study its relation to demographic data, spirometric indices, and arterial blood gases parameters.

Participants and methods
We measured TL using quantitative PCR in 20 patients with severe to very severe COPD and 11 age-matched and sex-matched nonsmokers.

Results
TL was significantly shorter in COPD patients (P < 0.001). Among COPD patients, TL was significantly shorter in current smokers than ex-smokers. In COPD patients, TL was correlated positively with SpO2%, pH (P < 0.05), PaO2 (P < 0.01), FVC% (P < 0.05) and FEV1%, and FEF25–75% (P < 0.001) and not correlated with pack-year. The BODE (Body mass index, airflow Obstruction, Dyspnea, and Exercise capacity) index was correlated negatively with TL (P < 0.01); among BODE index parameters, the dyspnea score correlated negatively (P < 0.05) with TL. TL was shorter in very severe COPD than severe COPD (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Our data support accelerated cellular senescence in COPD represented by shortening of TL; TL was correlated positively with airflow limitation and it may be related to impaired physical activities in COPD, which is a manifestation of the aging process.
Uji Aktivitas Anti Bakteri dari Fraksi Daun Areuy Kikunti (Pothos Junghuhnii De Vreise) terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus dan Escherichia Coli
Authors: Purwati Purwati , Wahyuli Wahyuli 
Published: January 2022

Tanaman obat tradisional merupakan tanaman yang sangat populer untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku obat tradisional salah satunya adalah Daun Areuy kikunti (Photos junghuhnii de vreise). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat fraksi n-heksan, etil asetat, dan butanol dari daun Areuy kikunti (Photos jughuhnii de vreise) yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia Coli dengan menggunakan metode difusi kertas cakram. Pelarut yang digunakan untuk fraksi Daun Areuy kikunti yaitu pelarut n-heksan, etil asetat dan butanol. Larutan uji yang digunakan dalam pengujian antibakteri adalah larutan hasil fraksinasi dengan variasi konsentrasi (31,25 μg/mL, 62,5 μg/mL, 125ug/ml, 250 μg/mL dan 500 μg/mL) dan sebagai kontrol positif digunakan disk antibiotik yaitu kloramphenikol 30 μg/mL dan sebagai kontrol negatif yaitu DMSO. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa fraksi daun Areuy kikunti memiliki kemampuan sebagai antibakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. pada fraksi Etil asetat dengan diameter10,5 mm dan bakteri Escherichia coli pada diameter 8,5 mm pada konsentrasi 500ug/ml yaitu dalam kategori lemah.