bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the genealogy process in forensic genetic genealogy
Authors: Ertürk Mine Su , Fitzpatrick Colleen , Press Margaret , Wein Lawrence M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe genealogy process is typically the most time‐consuming part of—and a limiting factor in the success of—forensic genetic genealogy, which is a new approach to solving violent crimes and identifying human remains. We formulate a stochastic dynamic program that—given the list of matches and their genetic distances to the unknown target—chooses the best decision at each point in time: which match to investigate (i.e., find its ancestors and look for most recent common ancestors between the match and the target), which set of potential most recent common ancestors to descend from (i.e., find its descendants, with the goal of identifying a marriage between the maternal and paternal sides of the target's family tree), or whether to terminate the investigation. The objective is to maximize the probability of finding the target minus a cost associated with the expected size of the final family tree. We estimate the parameters of our model using data from 17 cases (eight solved, nine unsolved) from the DNA Doe Project. We assess the Proposed Strategy using simulated versions of the 17 DNA Doe Project cases, and compare it to a Benchmark Strategy that ranks matches by their genetic distance to the target and only descends from known common ancestors between a pair of matches. The Proposed Strategy solves cases ≈10 − fold faster than the Benchmark Strategy, and does so by aggressively descending from a set of potential most recent common ancestors between the target and a match even when this set has a low probability of containing the correct most recent common ancestor. Our analysis provides a mathematical foundation for improving the genealogy process in forensic genetic genealogy.
Carrion flies (Insecta: Diptera) found on human cadavers in Chiba prefecture, Honshu, Japan, with the first record of Fannia prisca from a human corpse
Authors: Urabe Shumari , Kurahashi Hiromu , Inokuchi Go , Chiba Fumiko , Motomura Ayumi , Hoshioka Yumi , Torimitsu Suguru , Yamaguchi Rutsuko , Tsuneya Shigeki , Iwase Hirotaro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractForensic entomology (FE) involves the collection and analysis of necrophagous insects and arthropods for postmortem interval estimation based on their growth and succession. In Japan, research on FE is limited, and the predominant species of necrophagous insects and their distribution have not been clarified. The present study aimed to clarify the actual situation of insects, targeting Diptera collected from human cadavers, in Chiba Prefecture. We targeted the cases for which specimens could be collected from forensic autopsies conducted at the Legal Medicine Department of Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine or from human bodies handled by the Chiba Police in 2019. We specifically chose cases from which adult insects could be bred. Fifty cases were applicable, and 47 cases were successful in rearing adult flies. Sixteen species of Diptera were identified: six species of Calliphoridae, four species of Sarcophagidae, and a few species of Fanniidae, Muscidae, Phoridae, Piophilidae, and Stratiomyidae. The most frequently observed species were Lucilia sericata (20 cases) and Chrysomya pinguis (18 cases). For the first time, globally, we recorded the presence of Fannia prisca in a human cadaver. In conclusion, this is the first report to reveal the presence of carrion flies in human death cases in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. Research in FE is important in the context of the Japanese natural and social environment since this can aid forensic investigations conducted by authorities.
Molecular response and developmental speculations in metamorphosis of the veined rapa whelk, Rapana venosa
Authors: SHI Pu , SONG Hao , FENG Jie , YANG Meijie , YU Zhenglin , HU Zhi , ZHOU Cong , LI Haizhou , ZHANG Tao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMetamorphosis is the short developmental stage characterized by dramatic ontogenetic changes that occurs in most animals. However, this important process remains largely unclear in marine invertebrates. In this study, we performed the sequential RNA sequencing of a representative mollusk, the rapa whelk (Rapana venosa), that is undergoing metamorphosis and conducted differential gene expression analysis and weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA) to investigate the overall and dynamic transcriptome responses. The results revealed that the expression of cytochrome P450 2A and 3A were upregulated during metamorphosis, while the expression of H/ACA ribonucleoproteins increased 4 h after metamorphosis induction (M4 stage), indicating that R. venosa mainly responded to the pelagobenthic changes. At the M24 stage, the enrichment of V‐type proton ATPase and insulin indicated the complete development of secretory organs and initiation of hormone secretion. Furthermore, at the M48 stage, the enrichment of zinc metalloproteinase and conotoxin indicated a well‐developed predation system that requires exogenous nutrition. Finally, during the PL stage, the genes associated with growth control were highly enriched, implying that R. venosa had completed metamorphosis and has entered the period of rapid growth. Therefore, our study provides useful transcriptomic resources for R. venosa and contributes new insights that may assist in elucidating the mechanisms underlying metamorphosis in marine invertebrates.
Association of skin autofluorescence with low bone density/osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Liu Hongyan , Wang Guoqi , Wu Ting , Hu Jia , Mu Yiming , Gu Weijun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundAdvanced glycation end products (AGEs) that abnormally accumulate in diabetic patients have been reported to damage bone health. We aimed to investigate the association between skin autofluorescence (SAF)‐AGEage (SAF − AGEs × age/100) and low bone density (LBD)/osteoporosis or major osteoporotic fractures (MOFs) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsThis study was nested in the prospective REACTION (Risk Evaluation of Cancers in Chinese Diabetic Individuals) study and included 1214 eligible participants. SAF was used to measure skin AGEs (SAF‐AGEs). Fracture events were determined by an in‐person clinical follow‐up. Binary logistic regression analysis, linear regression analysis, and a restricted cubic spline nested in logistic models were used to test outcomes.ResultsThe overall prevalence of LBD/osteoporosis in middle‐aged or elderly T2DM patients was 35.7% (n = 434), and the overall incidence of MOFs was 10.5% (n = 116). Logistic analysis showed a significantly positive relationship between quartiles of SAF‐AGEage and the risk of LBD/osteoporosis (odds ratio [OR] 2.02, 95% CI 1.34–3.03; OR 3.63, CI 2.44–5.39; and OR 6.51, CI 4.34–9.78) for the multivariate‐adjusted models, respectively. SAF‐AGEage was associated with MOFs with a multivariate‐adjusted OR of 1.02 (CI 0.52–2.02), 2.42 (CI 1.32–4.46), and 2.70 (CI 1.48–4.91), respectively. Stratified analyses showed that SAF‐AGEage was significantly associated with MOFs only in females, nonsmokers, nondrinkers, individuals with lower body mass index, and those without LBD/osteoporosis. Linear regression analyses showed that higher SAF‐AGEs were associated with a higher level of serum N‐terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (s‐PINP) and serum carboxy‐terminal cross‐linking peptide of type I collagen (s‐CTX), with a multivariate‐adjusted OR of 1.02 (CI 0.24–1.80) and 6.30 (CI 1.77–10.83), respectively.ConclusionsIn conclusion, SAF‐AGEage was positively associated with the prevalence of LBD/osteoporosis or MOFs in patients with T2DM. A positive association between SAF‐AGEs and the level of s‐PINP and s‐CTX was found.
Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung controlled for 4 years by a single administration of pembrolizumab: A case report
Authors: Watanabe Masayuki , Matsumura Yuki , Yamaguchi Hikaru , Mine Hayato , Takagi Hironori , Ozaki Yuki , Fukuhara Mitsuro , Muto Satoshi , Okabe Naoyuki , Shio Yutaka , Suzuki Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLarge cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung (LCNEC) is a rare and highly progressive tumor with a poor prognosis. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors have been approved for treatment of both small cell and non–small cell lung cancers, their role in the treatment of LCNEC is unclear. We describe a patient with postoperative recurrence of LCNEC who maintained complete remission for 4 years after a single administration of pembrolizumab. A 68‐year‐old Japanese man underwent thoracoscopic right lower lobectomy for LCNEC (pathological stage pT1bN0M0, stage IA2). Epidermal growth factor receptor and anaplastic lymphoma kinase were negative, and the programmed death ligand 1 expression rate in tumor cells was 5% (clone 22C3). Eight months later, the patient developed recurrence with mediastinal lymph node metastasis and pleural dissemination. Therefore, chemotherapy with cisplatin and etoposide was administered. However, relapse occurred 6 months later. Pembrolizumab was administered as second‐line chemotherapy, which was discontinued after first dose because of interstitial pneumonia 1 month later. Thereafter, however, both the lymph node metastasis and pleural dissemination disappeared and did not relapse for 4 years. Pembrolizumab may be used as a treatment option for pulmonary LCNEC.
Dermatoscopic features of Spitz naevi on acral volar skin: Report of 11 cases
Authors: Akay Bengu Nisa , Lallas Aimilios , Okcu Heper Aylin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSpitzoid melanocytic lesions characterized by spindle and/or epithelioid tumour cells can occur anywhere on the skin but the acral presentation of Spitz naevus is very rare and comprises about <4% of all Spitz naevi. However, data regarding their dermatoscopic features on the acral volar skin are scarce. Herein, 11 cases of acral Spitz naevus involving the glabrous skin with predominant dermatoscopic findings of atypical fibrillar pattern in non‐pressure bearing areas, a structureless pigmentation involving both the furrows and the ridges are presented.
Personalized total neoadjuvant therapy (pTNT) for advanced rectal cancer with tailored treatment sequencing based on clinical stage at presentation
Authors: Bedrikovetski Sergei , Fitzsimmons Tracy , Perry Joanne , Vather Ryash , Carruthers Scott , Selva‐Nayagam Sudarsha , Thomas Michelle L. , Moore James W. , Sammour Tarik 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to assess short‐term outcomes of a personalized total neoadjuvant treatment (pTNT) protocol, with treatment sequencing based on clinical stage at presentation.MethodsA multidisciplinary pTNT protocol was implemented across two metropolitan hospitals. This consists of two‐schema based on clinical stage: patients with distant failure risk were offered induction chemotherapy before chemoradiation (nCRT), and patients with locoregional failure risk received nCRT followed by consolidation chemotherapy. Patients underwent surgical resection unless a complete clinical response (cCR) was achieved, in which case non‐operative management (NOM) was offered. A prospective cohort analysis of all patients with rectal cancer who underwent pTNT with curative intent between Jan 2019 and Aug 2022 was performed.ResultsOf 270 patients referred with rectal cancer, 102 received pTNT with curative intent and 79 have completed their treatment thus far. Thirty‐three patients (41.8%) received induction chemotherapy and 46 (58.2%) received consolidation chemotherapy per protocol. The percentage of patients with EMVI, resectable M1 disease, cT4 disease, and positive lateral lymph nodes were 54.4%, 36.7%, 27.8% and 15.2%, respectively. Overall, 32 (40.5%) patients had cCR and 4 (5.1%) pCR, and 40 (50.6%) patients had non‐operative management. Grade 3 toxicity was reported in 10.1% of patients and only three patients (3.8%) experienced Grade 4 chemotherapy‐related toxicity, with no treatment related mortality.ConclusionEarly results with a defined two‐schema pTNT protocol are encouraging and suggest that tailoring sequencing to disease risk at presentation may represent the optimal balance between local and distant disease control, as well as treatment toxicity.
Reflections into Ptolemaic glass: Colorless, white, blue, and green inlays from the workshop of Tebtynis
Authors: Bettineschi Cinzia , Angelini Ivana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInlays range among the most aesthetically pleasing and technically challenging glasses produced in the Ptolemaic period. Despite the central role of this phase in the history of glass technology, little is known about the recipes and the technological knowledge of the Egyptian artisans. This paper will thus focus on the study of the materials from the secondary workshop of Tebtynis (Fayum oasis, Egypt). We report the first multi‐methodological study comprising textural, chemical, and mineralogical analyses (optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy‐dispersive system, electron probe microanalysis, and μ‐Raman spectroscopy) on a set of 81 colorless, white, blue, and green samples carefully selected among the 800+ glasses from the craft area now stored at the Museo Egizio, Turin (Italy).Our study offers the biggest compositional database of well‐dated Ptolemaic glasses currently available in the literature, highlighting some interesting novelties regarding the silica and alkali sources, and the coloring and opacifying techniques employed. The results suggest a specialized craft of traditional origin, but open to innovation and experimentation, as expected from transitional phases.
Rock surface luminescence dating of prehistoric rock art from central Iberia
Authors: Moayed Nasrin Karimi , Sohbati Reza , Murray Andrew S. , Rades Eike F. , Fattahi Morteza , Ruiz López Juan F. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRock art paintings are notoriously difficult to date numerically. Recently, luminescence dating has been shown to provide reliable rock surface burial ages in various archaeological settings. Here we use the cross‐cutting relationship between a fallen rock and two paintings of the Iberian Levantine (older) and Schematic (younger) styles to constrain the age of the paintings by dating the rockfall event using rock surface luminescence dating. Infrared‐stimulated luminescence (IRSL) signals as a function of depth into the buried face of the talus border indicate that the IRSL signal measured at 50°C (IR50) was sufficiently reset to a depth of about 1.6 mm prior to burial. An uncorrected IR50 age of 1.6 ± 0.2 ka was calculated for the rockfall event by dividing the surface equivalent dose (De) by the total dose rate. This age was corrected using both conventional and field‐to‐laboratory saturation approaches to yield indistinguishable ages of 2.7 ± 0.5 and 2.9 ± 0.3 ka, respectively. Since the panel with Schematic art was first available to the artist after the rockfall, we conclude the Schematic rock art at Villar del Humo is younger than ~2.9 ka. The Levantine rock art was painted on a panel constrained by the talus boulder before detachment, and so it is likely to be older than ~2.9 ka.
Multidimensional Adaptive P-Splines with Application to Neurons' Activity Studies
Authors: Rodríguez-Álvarez María Xosé , Durbán María , Eilers Paul H.C. , Lee Dae-Jin , Gonzalez Francisco 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The receptive field (RF) of a visual neuron is the region of the space that elicits neuronal responses. It can be mapped using different techniques that allow inferring its spatial and temporal properties. Raw RF maps (RFmaps) are usually noisy, making it difficult to obtain and study important features of the RF. A possible solution is to smooth them using P-splines. Yet, raw RFmaps are characterized by sharp transitions in both space and time. Their analysis thus asks for spatiotemporal adaptive P-spline models, where smoothness can be locally adapted to the data. However, the literature lacks proposals for adaptive P-splines in more than two dimensions. Furthermore, the extra flexibility afforded by adaptive P-spline models is obtained at the cost of a high computational burden, especially in a multidimensional setting. To fill these gaps, this work presents a novel anisotropic locally adaptive P-spline model in two (e.g., space) and three (space and time) dimensions. Estimation is based on the recently proposed SOP (Separation of Overlapping Precision matrices) method, which provides the speed we look for. Besides the spatiotemporal analysis of the neuronal activity data that motivated this work, the practical performance of the proposal is evaluated through simulations, and comparisons with alternative methods are reported.
Methodological integrity assessment in the mobile paradigm literature: A lesson for understanding opportunistic use of researcher degrees of freedom in psychology
Authors: Sen Umay , Gredebäck Gustaf 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe mobile paradigm has played a fundamental role in memory development research. One key characteristic of the mobile paradigm literature is that across decades, researchers have faithfully followed a particular methodological protocol with its own unique definitions of learning and memory. To investigate the extent to which these methodological choices affected the results, the literature (77 publications and 505 statistical tests) was evaluated for four frequently encountered research biases. The results suggested that research using the paradigm was conducted with scientific rigor. However, methodological choices along with unique operational definitions of learning and memory accounted for more than half of the findings. Thus, the literature has been contaminated by methodological artifacts due to the opportunistic use of researcher degrees of freedom.
Reconstructive treatment of peri‐implant defects—Results after three and five years
Authors: Aghazadeh Ahmad , Persson G. Rutger , Stavropoulos Andreas , Renvert Stefan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the long‐term efficacy of reconstructive treatment of peri‐implantitis intraosseous defects.Material and MethodsPeri‐implant intraosseous defects were augmented using either an autogenous bone graft (AB) or a bovine‐derived xenograft (BDX) in combination with a collagen membrane. Maintenance was provided every third month.ResultsIn the AB group, 16 patients with 25 implants remained at year five. In the BDX group, 23 patients with 38 implants remained. Between baseline and year 5, bleeding on probing (BOP) and probing pocket depth (PPD) scores were reduced in both groups (p < .001). In the AB and BDX groups, mean PPD between baseline and year five was reduced by 1.7 and 2.8 mm, respectively. The difference between groups was significant (p < .001). In the AB group, the mean bone level change at implant level between baseline and years three and five was−0,2 and −0.7 mm, respectively. In the BDX group, the mean bone level change at implant level between baseline and years three and five was 1.6 and 1.6 mm, respectively. The difference between the groups was significant (p < .001). Successful treatment (no bone loss, no probing pocket depth (PPD) > 5 mm, no suppuration, maximum one implant surface with bleeding on probing (BOP) at year five) was obtained in 9/25 implants (36%) in the AB group and in 29/37 implants (78.3%) in the BDX group.ConclusionsReconstructive surgical treatment of peri‐implant defects using BDX resulted in more predictable outcomes than using autogenous bone over 5 years.
Risk factors for right colon, left colon and rectal cancers differ between men and women: the population‐based HUNT study in Norway
Authors: Brenne Siv S. , Ness‐Jensen Eivind , Edna Tom‐Harald , Lydersen Stian , Laugsand Eivor A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to assess established risk factors for colorectal cancer (CRC) separately for right colon, left colon and rectal cancer in men and women.MethodThis was a prospective cohort study comparing incidental CRC cases and the general population participating in a longitudinal health study in Norway (the HUNT study).ResultsAmong 78 580 participants (36 825 men and 41 754 women), 1827 incidental CRCs were registered (931 men and 896 women). Among men, the risk of cancer at all locations increased with age [HR 1.46 (1.40–1.51), HR 1.32 (1.27–1.36), HR 1.30 (1.25–1.34) per 5 years for right colon, left colon and rectal cancer, respectively] and the risk of left colon cancer increased with higher body mass index [HR 1.28 (1.12–1.46) per 5 kg/m2]. The risk of right colon cancer (RCC) increased with smoking [HR 1.07 (1.04–1.10) per 5 pack years]. Among women, the risk of cancer at all locations increased with age [HR 1.38 (1.34–1.43), HR 1.23 (1.19–1.27), HR 1.20 (1.16–1.24) per 5 years] and smoking [HR 1.07 (1.02–1.12), HR 1.07 (1.02–1.12), HR 1.10 (1.05–1.17) per 5 pack years] for right colon, left colon and rectal cancer, respectively. The risk of RCC increased with night shift work [HR 1.93 (1.22–3.05)].ConclusionThe risk factors for developing CRC differ by anatomical location and sex. The relationship between risk factors and CRC may be more nuanced than previously known.
Living kidney donor evaluation is associated with early identification of life‐changing diagnoses in potentially healthy donor candidates
Authors: Mühlbacher Thomas , Nadalin Silvio , Althaus Karina , Birkenfeld Andreas L. , Heyne Nils , Guthoff Martina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn order to ensure eligibility for living kidney donation, donor candidates undergo a thorough medical evaluation. This process might reveal hitherto undetected medical conditions, leading to refusal of the kidney donor candidate. Detection of such conditions may, however, also have a lifesaving effect. We report on 13 years of data from our living donor transplantation program on kidney donor candidates who were diagnosed with major medical conditions during evaluation.Materials and methodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of living kidney donor candidates who attended our transplant center between January, 2007 and December, 2019. The main focus was on newly diagnosed medical conditions that required immediate medical attention and their prognostic significance.ResultsOf the 436 donor candidates who were evaluated for living kidney donation at our transplant center, 192 (44%) were accepted, while 244 (56%) were excluded from donation. Interestingly, 81 (33.1%) of the ineligible donor candidates were newly diagnosed as having a medical condition that required immediate attention. While 45 (18.5%) candidates were newly diagnosed with diabetes or prediabetes, 12 (4.9%) candidates had hitherto undetected malignancies, 10 candidates (4.1%) cardiac disease, five (2.0%) hypertension with end‐organ damage, and four (1.6%) suffered from kidney disease. The remaining four candidates (1.6%) were diagnosed with gastrointestinal diseases, and one candidate (.4%) had an endocrine disorder.ConclusionA comprehensive evaluation process for living kidney donation facilitates the identification of life‐changing diagnoses in a significant proportion of candidates and secures immediate medical attention.