bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract A52: Targeted expression profiling identifies mechanisms of potential breast carcinogens
Authors: De La Rosa Vanessa Y. , Lehnert Erik , Milanovic Marko , Vulpe Chris , Rudel Ruthann A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Over 200 chemicals have been associated with altered mammary gland development and cancer in rodent studies, yet the molecular mechanisms by which this diverse set of chemicals affect the breast remain poorly understood. We examined gene expression profiles of eight known and suspected mammary toxicants using the TempO-Seq platform and a targeted gene expression panel, Breast Carcinogen Screen (BCScreen). The BCScreen panel has 500 genes with at least 30 genes strongly associated with each of the 14 biologic processes relevant to breast cancer and mammary gland development. We compared gene expression profiles in MCF-7 cells treated for 24hrs with four concentrations (1 nM to 10 uM) of the following chemicals: three estrogenic chemicals (genistein, bisphenol A, butyl benzyl phthalate); the selective estrogen receptor modulator, tamoxifen (TAM); 1,4 benzoquinone (BQ), a genotoxic metabolite of the rodent mammary carcinogen benzene; perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a persistent pollutant that alters mammary gland development; and two closely related perfluorinated chemicals that have not been evaluated for mammary toxicity/effects (PFHXA, PFNA). We identified expression patterns activated by mammary toxicants with known ER agonist activity (genistein, BPA, BBP). Some of these genes were suppressed by PFOA and BQ and TAM, mammary toxicants with antagonist or no known direct ER activity. The known weak estrogens genistein, BPA, and BBP had similar gene expression profiles and were enriched for genes associated with cell cycle and DNA repair, particularly at higher doses. Notably, PFOA, Tam, and BQ had greater gene expression changes at lowest (1nM) vs. higher doses and were enriched for genes associated with cell cycle. For context, serum PFOA levels in the general US population are generally five to ten times higher than the 1 nM dose where we observed these changes (i.e., &gt; 0.4 micrograms/L). PFOA profiles were enriched for several transcription factors including E2F1 and E2F4, which regulate cell cycle genes and important processes in mammary development and tumor progression. Utilizing the BCScreen gene panel, we have identified mechanistic targets relevant to breast cancer that are perturbed by mammary toxicants.
Citation Format: Vanessa Y. De La Rosa, Erik Lehnert, Marko Milanovic, Chris Vulpe, Ruthann A. Rudel. Targeted expression profiling identifies mechanisms of potential breast carcinogens [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Environmental Carcinogenesis: Potential Pathway to Cancer Prevention; 2019 Jun 22-24; Charlotte, NC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Can Prev Res 2020;13(7 Suppl): Abstract nr A52.
Abstract PR02: Glyphosate as a potential carcinogen for multiple myeloma
Authors: Li Yong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Glyphosate is the most commercially successful and the most widely used herbicide in the United States and worldwide. It represents about 50% of United States herbicide usage at approximately 250 million pounds annually; the annual use of glyphosate worldwide is about 1.8 billion pounds. There has been considerable debate around the carcinogenicity of glyphosate. IARC labeled glyphosate as “probably carcinogenic to humans.” However, other agencies like the EPA have maintained that glyphosate is unlikely to pose a carcinogenic risk. In epidemiologic studies on the association of cancer and glyphosate, only multiple myeloma (MM) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) have a positive and statistically significant association with glyphosate. MM is a plasma cell neoplasm and the second most common hematologic malignancy in the United States. Virtually all MM cases are preceded by a precursor condition, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). MM is regarded as a disease with environmental causes, yet its etiology and what prompts progression remain largely unclear. We employed the Vk*Myc mouse model of MM to assess the impact of glyphosate exposure on MM pathogenesis. In both wild-type and Vk*Myc mice, glyphosate induced splenomegaly and multiple peripheral blood abnormalities, including anemia and high serum IgG levels, hallmarks of MGUS and MM in humans. In Vk*Myc mice, glyphosate triggered bone lytic lesions, as well as renal damage, a phenomenon associated with human MM kidney disease. Most importantly, glyphosate upregulated Aicda, which encodes the activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) in the spleen and bone marrow of both wild-type and Vk*MYC mice. AID mediates somatic hypermutation and class-switch recombination of immunoglobulin genes in B cells to produce diverse immunoglobins in secretive forms. Our data indicate that glyphosate accelerates MGUS development and promotes progression to MM in genetically predisposed mice. Given that AID dysregulation is a key pathogenic driver in both MM and NHL, this work offers the first direct experimental evidence establishing glyphosate as an environmental risk factor for MM and NHL.
This abstract is also being presented as Poster A50.
Citation Format: Yong Li. Glyphosate as a potential carcinogen for multiple myeloma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Environmental Carcinogenesis: Potential Pathway to Cancer Prevention; 2019 Jun 22-24; Charlotte, NC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Can Prev Res 2020;13(7 Suppl): Abstract nr PR02.
A data-driven pipeline to extract potential adverse drug reactions through prescription, procedures and medical diagnoses analysis: application to a cohort study of 2,010 patients taking hydroxychloroquine with an 11-year follow-up
Authors: Sabatier P. , Wack M. , Pouchot J. , Danchin N. , Jannot AS. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Context
Real-life data consist of exhaustive data which are not subject to selection bias. These data enable to study drug-safety profiles but are underused because of their temporality, necessitating complex models (i.e., safety depends on the dose, timing, and duration of treatment). We aimed to create a data-driven pipeline strategy that manages the complex temporality of real-life data to highlight the safety profile of a given drug.

Methods
We proposed to apply the weighted cumulative exposure (WCE) statistical model to all health events occurring after a drug introduction (in this paper HCQ) and performed bootstrap to select relevant diagnoses, drugs and interventions which could reflect an adverse drug reactions (ADRs). We applied this data-driven pipeline on a French national medico-administrative database to extract the safety profile of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) from a cohort of 2,010 patients.

Results
The proposed method selected eight drugs (metopimazine, anethole trithione, tropicamide, alendronic acid & colecalciferol, hydrocortisone, chlormadinone, valsartan and tixocortol), twelve procedures (six ophthalmic procedures, two dental procedures, two skin lesions procedures and osteodensitometry procedure) and two medical diagnoses (systemic lupus erythematous, unspecified and discoid lupus erythematous) to be significantly associated with HCQ exposure.

Conclusion
We provide a method extracting the broad spectrum of diagnoses, drugs and interventions associated to any given drug, potentially highlighting ADRs. Applied to hydroxychloroquine, this method extracted among others already known ADRs.
Experience with pharmacy academic programmes and career aspirations of pharmacy students and young pharmacists-an international cross-sectional study
Authors: Alnahar Saja A. , Mamiya Kayoko Takeda , John Christopher , Bader Lina , Bates Ian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study aims to assess pharmacy students and young pharmacists’ motives to pursue pharmacy degrees, their overall experiences and satisfaction with their pharmacy academic programmes, and their career aspirations and future plans.MethodsBetween May-2019 and March-2020, a self-administered online questionnaire was distributed via the International Pharmaceutical Students Federation and the Young Pharmacists Group at the International Pharmaceutical Federation. The questionnaire targeted pharmacy students and young pharmacists worldwide. Data were analysed descriptively and inferentially.ResultsIn total, 1,423 pharmacy students and young pharmacists participated in the study. Almost 70% (993) of respondents reported that pharmacy was their first choice subject for study. Intentions for studying pharmacy were driven by an interest in healthcare, wanting to help people as well as an interest in science. In general, more than 60% of the participants had a satisfactory education experience. However, dissatisfaction was more prevalent among current pharmacy students in comparison to young pharmacists. Out of 1,423 participants, 1,110 (78%) showed a continuing desire to practice pharmacy. Being female and resident of a middle-income country increased the likelihood of being more satisfied with the academic programme. Having pharmacy as the subject first-choice and being generally satisfied with the academic programmes were positively associated with participants’ willingness to practice pharmacy.ConclusionsOur study revealed that the majority of this extensive sample had pharmacy as their profession of choice and wanted to continue to practice in the future. In addition most of the targeted population indicated satisfaction with their pharmacy academic programmes.
Exclusion of women from COVID-19 studies harms women's health and slows our response to pandemics
Authors: Stillwell R. Craig 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSex and gender inclusion are crucial in bringing COVID-19 to an end and preventing the next pandemic. Despite this, almost all research studies on COVID-19 and clinical trials of vaccines do not include data on women. How can we combat the pandemic if half of the human population is left out of COVID-19 research? The life-long consequences of this neglect could be severe for women all over the world, particularly with the emergence of new variants that could exaggerate sex differences even further. Here I review recent studies and argue that taking a gender/sex approach to the study of this pandemic would expedite its end and improve the general health of women in substantial ways.
Harnessing endophytic fungi for biosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles and exploring their bioactivities
Authors: Hussein Heba G. , El-Sayed El-Sayed R. , Younis Nahed A. , Hamdy Abd El Hamid A. , Easa Saadia M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the light of the fast growing several applications of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) in different industrial and agricultural sectors, this paper was conducted to explore the suitability of endophytic fungi as nano-factories for SeNPs. Thus, 75 fungal isolates were recovered from plant tissues and tested for their efficacy to biosynthesize SeNPs. Four promising strains were found able to synthesis SeNPs with different characteristics and identified. These strains were Aspergillus quadrilineatus isolated from the twigs of Ricinus communis, Aspergillus ochraceus isolated from the leaves of Ricinus communis, Aspergillus terreus isolated from the twigs of Azadirachta indica, and Fusarium equiseti isolated from the twigs of Hibiscus rose-sinensis. The synthesized SeNPs were characterized by several techniques viz., UV–Vis, X-ray diffraction, Dynamic light scattering analyses, High resolution transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, to study their crystalline structure, particle sized distribution, and morphology. Furthermore, the in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities were evaluated. SeNPs synthesized by the four strains showed potent antifungal and antibacterial potentials against different human and phyto- pathogens. Moreover, SeNPs synthesized by the respective strains showed promising antioxidant power with IC50 values of 198.32, 151.23, 100.31, and 91.52 µg mL− 1. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the use of endophytic fungi for SeNPs’ biosynthesis. The presented research recommends the use of endophytic fungi as facile one-pot production bio-factories of SeNPs with promising characteristics.
Book review of Self-governance and Sami communities: Transitions in early modern natural resource management by Jesper Larsson and Eva-Lotta Päiviö Sjaunja
Authors: Istomin Kirill V. 
Published: June 2022

Book detailsLarsson, Jesper and Eva-Lotta Päiviö SjaunjaSelf-governance and Sami communities: Transitions in early modern natural resource managementPalgrave Macmillan, 2022251 pages, ISBN 978-3-030-87497-1, ISBN 978-3-030-87498-8 (eBook)
High adaptability of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica to drought-induced soil nutrient deficiency
Authors: Zhang Jingling , Lin Guigang , Zhao Qiong , Zeng De-Hui 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Drought can exert a profound influence on soil nutrient availability, and understanding whether and how tree species adapt to this change is a critical priority for predicting the consequence of climate change on forest structure and function. The objective of this study was to examine the adaptability of Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica) to drought-induced changes in soil nutrient availability from the perspective of root functions.

Methods
We conducted a 7-year precipitation manipulation experiment with three levels of throughfall reduction (0%, 30%, and 50%) to simulate different drought intensities. We measured soil physicochemical properties and fine-root nutrient concentrations and biomass, and calculated the stoichiometric homeostatic regulation coefficient (1/H) of fine roots.

Results
Drought reduced soil organic carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) and inorganic N concentrations, as well as ratios of total N to total P, and available N to available P in the 0–20 cm soil layer. In contrast, drought had no significant effect on fine-root N and P concentrations, and fine-root biomass in the 0–40 cm soil layer. Fine roots displayed high homeostatic regulation coefficients of N (with 1/H values of 0.19 and 0) and P (with 1/H values of 0.33 and 0) concentrations in 0–20 and 20–40 cm soil layers, respectively.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that drought leads to soil nutrient deficiency and the decoupling between N and P cycling, and provide evidence that Mongolian pine has high adaptability to drought-induced decrease in soil nutrient availability by maintaining great fine-root biomass to ensure sufficient nutrient uptake.
Trends in species distribution modelling in context of rare and endemic plants: a systematic review
Authors: Qazi Ammad Waheed , Saqib Zafeer , Zaman-ul-Haq Muhammad 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Many research papers have utilized Species Distribution Models to estimate a species’ current and future geographic distribution and environmental niche. This study aims to (a) understand critical features of SDMs used to model endemic and rare species and (b) to identify possible constraints with the collected data. The present systematic review examined how SDMs are used on endemic and rare plant species to identify optimal practices for future research.

Results
The evaluated literature (79 articles) was published between January 2010 and December 2020. The number of papers grew considerably over time. The studies were primarily conducted in Asia (41%), Europe (24%), and Africa (2%). The bulk of the research evaluated (38%) focused on theoretical ecology, climate change impacts (19%), and conservation policy and planning (22%). Most of the papers were published in publications devoted to biodiversity conservation, ecological or multidisciplinary fields. The degree of uncertainty was not disclosed in most studies (81%).

Conclusion
This systematic review provides a broad overview of the emerging trends and gaps in the SDMs research. The majority of studies failed to present uncertainties and error estimates. However, when model performance estimates are given, the model results will be highly effective, allowing for more assurance in the predictions they make. Furthermore, based on our systematic review, we recommend that in the future rare and endemic SDMs should represent uncertainty levels and estimates of errors in the modelling process.
Fine-tuned continuous renal replacement therapy with calcium-free dialysate to manage severe hypercalcemia refractory to medical and intermittent hemodialysis
Authors: Scheen Marc , Nowak Grzegorz , Sanchez Bienvenido , Teta Daniel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMalignancy-related hypercalcemia is a leading cause of hypercalcemia among hospitalized patients that carries poor prognosis. Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare form of primary hyperparathyroidism that may be associated with PTH dependent hypercalcemia. Severe hypercalcemia is life-threatening and may require management in an intensive care unit by means of medical therapy consisting of volume expansion, loop diuretics, cinacalcet, calcitonin and bisphosphonates. Renal replacement therapy such as intermittent hemodialysis has been successfully used among patients with severe hypercalcemia who become refractory to medical treatment. However, little data are available for cases of severe refractory hypercalcemia that fail to respond to both optimal medical therapy and hemodialysis. Our present case illustrates the successful use of continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) with calcium-free dialysate calcium and markedly increased dialysate flow rate, to restore normal calcemia in a patient with metastatic parathyroid carcinoma with severe refractory hypercalcemia.
Understanding the mechanism behind preoperative exercise therapy in patients with gastrointestinal cancers: A prospective, randomized clinical trial.
Authors: Hamad Ahmad , Zhang Hongji , Huang Hai , Ejaz Aslam , Tsung Allan 
Published: June 2022

LBA4087 Background: Upwards of 50% of patients who undergo gastrointestinal (GI) cancer surgery will not receive any chemotherapy due to the failure to heal from the surgery or its associated complications. Pre-operative exercise therapy (PEx) aims to optimize the medical and physical state of high-risk patients prior to undergoing surgery. Our group has shown PEx to be protective against the inflammatory injury caused by surgical stress in mice through a metabolic reprogramming towards an anti-inflammatory profile. However, there is a gap in knowledge regarding the utility of PEx among GI cancer patients undergoing surgery and how PEx impacts surgical outcomes. This study seeks to evaluate the mechanism behind PEx among patients undergoing major abdominal surgery for GI cancer through a randomized controlled trial. Methods: Eligible patients diagnosed with GI cancers with planned abdominal surgery were randomized to receive PEx or no PEx between September 2020 and March 2022. PEx patients were evaluated by a physical therapist (PT) and prescribed a personalized training regimen based on objective assessments. Patient blood was drawn on the day of enrollment, day of surgery, then at 2 weeks and at 3 months following surgery. The primary endpoint is to investigate the mechanism behind the modulation of the inflammatory response of PEx among patients undergoing GI cancer surgery. Results: During an 18-month period, 30 patients were randomized to PEx and 35 randomized to non-PEx. Both cohorts were similar in age, gender, and comorbidity burden. Using patient serum samples, the secretome revealed a transcriptomic shift towards an anti-inflammatory and anti-tumorigenic phenotype in post-PEx patient blood samples when compared to pre-PEx and non-PEX patients. The secretome heatmap demonstrates significant changes post-PEX when compared to pre-PEx and non-PEX. Specifically, there was an upregulation of Esterase D protein (ESTD), Secreted Ly-6/uPAR-related protein 1 (SLUR1), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP), and Phosphoinositide-3-kinase interacting protein 1 (P3IP1) which are associated with an anti-inflammatory and anti-tumorigenic phenotype. Moreover, there was a downregulation of pro-tumorigenic protein pathways including ankyrin 1 protein (ANK1), KIT protein, and Prolyl isomerase protein (PIN1). Additionally, gene ontology analysis used to evaluate differentially expressed proteins, revealed that proteins associated with lymphocyte mediated immunity were downregulated after PEx. Conclusion: Preoperative exercise may mitigate the pro-inflammatory and pro-tumorigenic state of cancer by the upregulation and downregulation of specific cellular pathways. Data obtained from this study can be used to create a new class of therapeutics, exercise mimetics. Clinical trial information: NCT04602026.
Decolonizing International Law?
Authors: Terretta Meredith 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This article analyzes the way that political actors, advocate lawyers, and European administrators leveraged the designations political prisoner, political refugee, and prohibited immigrant to claim rights for inhabitants of the UN trust territories of French Cameroon and British Cameroons in the 1950s. Incarcerated activists identified themselves as political prisoners as they claimed that their human rights were upheld by international legal norms outlined in UN documents such as the Charter, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and the Trusteeship Agreements, which bound administering authorities to uphold these principles. Having imposed politics onto the prison, Cameroonian nationalists who escaped repression in French Cameroon by fleeing to British territory politicized their exile as they claimed refugee status in British Cameroons, a territory they viewed as belonging to the nation they envisioned. In so doing, Cameroonian nationalists revealed embryonic refugee law to be more aspirational than universally applicable—but nonetheless laid claim to its protections in ways that did, in some cases, sway the courts. The focus on the legal cases of political prisoners and refugees shows how Cameroonian nationalists viewed the rights that international law established or promised as legitimizing their anti-colonial revolutionary state-building project. With the advocate lawyers who represented them, legally minded Cameroonian nationalists acted, defended, and claimed as though the trusteeship system had universalized a decolonized international law. Contributing to emerging scholarship on the relation of international law to global inequality in the decolonizing age, this article gives an account of a decolonizing worldmaking at the grassroots, where, through discrete legal cases, actors practiced articulating anti-colonial revolution with international law, contesting it and shaping it to their aspirations.
Capitalism at Sea
Authors: Kosmatopoulos Nikolas 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In its will to tame the sea, its routes, and people, capitalism unleashed three intertwined forces: novel networks of circulation, refurbished regimes of violence, and new epistemic disciplines and lexicons, all twirled together into an embrace of forceful conquest and authoritative claim making on a global scale. One of the most salient features of this special section of Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East, “Capitalism at Sea,” is to reveal and reflect on these often submerged if not mystified violent currents of seaborne capitalism. Circling the seas from Alexandria to Bengal via the Gulf of Aden and the imaginary island of Robinson Crusoe, the special section takes a local-historical approach to the development of maritime capitalism that also charts instances of violence that include the enclosure of pastoral commons, the laying siege of ports, and enforced treaties of circulation and trade.