bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The comparison of multi-stepping algorithms for real-time thickness measurement of transparent thin films using polarization settings
Authors: Usman Abdullahi , Jiraraksopakun Yuttapong , Kaewon Rapeepan , Pawong Chutchai , Bhatranand Apichai 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the comparison of three-, four- and five-step techniques for measuring transparent thin-film thickness of

T

a

2

O
5

and

W

O
3

deposited on BK-7 substrates. The Sagnac interferometer was modified with phase shifting approach for the determination of thin-film thickness. The input light beam was split into reference and testing beams. Before the output light reaching the balanced photodetectors, the real-time signal detection was performed to obtain the output intensities of both beams using three-, four-, and five-polarization settings of an analyzer. The thicknesses could then be efficiently translated from the measured intensities. Thicknesses from three-, four- and five-stepping algorithms were compared with ones from the conventional FE-SEM measurement, and it was discovered that the former performed better with less errors. The findings show that the phase-shifting technique using three-polarization settings is more suitable for the thickness measurement of the transparent thin film.
Universal scaling of kinetic freeze-out parameters across different collision systems at LHC energies*
Authors: Liu Lian , Yin Zhong-Bao , Zheng Liang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this study, we perform Tsallis Blast-Wave analysis on the transverse momentum spectra of identified hadrons produced in a wide range of collision systems at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) including pp, pPb, XeXe, and PbPb collisions. The kinetic freeze-out properties varying with event multiplicity are investigated across these systems. We find that the extracted kinetic freeze-out temperature, radial flow velocity, and non-extensive parameter exhibit a universal scaling behavior for these systems with very different geometric sizes, especially when the independent baryon Tsallis non-extensive parameter is considered. This universality may indicate the existence of a unified partonic evolution stage in different collision systems at the LHC energies.
Primordial non-gaussianities of inflationary step-like models
Authors: Novaes C P , Benetti M , Bernui A 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We use Minkowski Functionals (MF) to explore the possible presence of non-Gaussian signatures in the recently released cosmic microwave background (CMB) Planck maps. In particular, we investigate MF outcomes for two sets of simulated CMB maps: one seeded by the ΛCDM concordance model, another seeded by the ‘best-fit’ CMB angular power spectrum. By ‘best-fit’ we mean a simulated CMB spectrum seeded by an inflationary model that well reproduce the observed low-ℓ features of the CMB temperature power spectrum. In this way, we obtain the spurious signal introduced by the power spectra with different shapes, signal to be taken into account in the corresponding MF analyses. Interestingly, we investigate the response of the four MF (i.e., Area, Perimeter, Genus, Nclusters
) for several sets of simulated maps. Our analyses confirm that, as already reported in the literature, the Perimeter exhibits the best performance. Moreover, our results show that the Perimeter obtained from the Planck maps (2015) is better fitted by the simulated CMB maps seeded by the angular power spectrum with low-ℓ features with respect to the curves obtained from the CMB maps seeded by the ΛCDM model.
3D bioprinting optimization of human mesenchymal stromal cell laden gelatin-alginate-collagen bioink
Authors: Sawyer Stephen W , Takeda Kazuyo , Alayoubi Alaadin , Mirdamadi Eman , Zidan Ahmed , Bauer Steven R , Degheidy Heba 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
3D bioprinting technology has gained increased attention in the regenerative medicine and tissue engineering communities over the past decade with their attempts to create functional living tissues and organs de novo. While tissues such as skin, bone, and cartilage have been successfully fabricated using 3D bioprinting, there are still many technical and process driven challenges that must be overcome before a complete tissue engineered solution is realized. Although there may never be a single adopted bioprinting process in the scientific community, adherence to optimized bioprinting protocols could reduce variability and improve precision with the goal of ensuring high quality printed constructs. Here, we report on the bioprinting of a gelatin-alginate-collagen bioink containing human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) which has been optimized to ensure printing consistency and reliability. The study consists of three phases: a pre-printing phase which focuses on bioink characterization; a printing phase which focuses on bioink extrudability/printability, construct stability, and printing accuracy; and a post-processing phase which focuses on the homogeneity and bioactivity of the encapsulated hMSC printed constructs. The results showed that eight identical constructs containing hMSCs could be reliably and accurately printed into stable cross-hatched structures with a single material preparation, and that batch-to-batch consistency was accurately maintained across all preparations. Analysis of the proliferation, morphology, and differentiation of encapsulated hMSCs within the printed constructs showed that cells were able to form large,interconnected colonies and were capable of robust adipogenic differentiation within 14 d of culturing.
A fully noncommutative analog of the Painlevé IV equation and a structure of its solutions*
Authors: Bobrova Irina , Retakh Vladimir , Rubtsov Vladimir , Sharygin Georgy 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We study a fully noncommutative generalization of the commutative fourth Painlevé equation that possesses solutions in terms of an infinite Toda system over an associative unital division ring equipped by a derivation.
Inferring the linkage of sea surface height anomalies, surface wind stress and sea surface temperature with the falling ice radiative effects using satellite data and global climate models
Authors: Li Jui-Lin F , Tsai Yu-Cian , Xu Kuan-Man , Lee Wei-Liang , Jiang Jonathan H , Yu Jia-Yuh , Fetzer Eric J , Stephens Graeme 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study attempts to infer the linkage of sea surface height anomaly (SSHA), surface wind stress and sea surface temperature with the falling ice (snow) radiative effects (FIREs) over the tropical and subtropical Pacific Ocean using CESM1-CAM5 sensitivity experiments with FIREs-off (NOS) and on (SON) under CMIP5 historical run. The obs4MIPs monthly SSH data based upon satellite measurements are used as a reference. The seasonal and annual mean spatial patterns of SSHA difference between NOS and SON are tightly linked to those of SST and TAU over the study domain, in particular, over the south Pacific. Compared with NOS, SON simulates improved seasonal and annual mean SSHA associated with improved sea surface temperature (SST), surface wind stress (TAU) over the trade-wind areas. In SON, the simulated mean absolute bias of SSHA over the study domain is reduced (up to 30%) against NOS relative to observations. The SSHA biases are then compared with CMIP5 models. Despite the biases of SST and SSHA over the south and north flanks of the equator in SON, the seasonal variations of improved SSHA are closely related to those of TAU and SST resulting from the FIREs; that is, higher SSHA is associated with weaker TAU and warmer SST changes and vice versa. The CMIP5 ensemble mean absolute biases of SSHA show similarities to NOS mainly over the south Pacific.
Prognostic value of functional tricuspid regurgitation quantified by cardiac magnetic resonance in heart failure
Authors: Seo Jiwon , Hong Yoo Jin , Batbayar Uuganbayar , Kim Dae-Young , Cho Iksung , Kim Young-Jin , Hong Geu-Ru , Ha Jong-Won , Shim Chi Young 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Aims
Quantitative assessment of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is challenging, and the prognostic implications of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-quantified measures of TR remain unclear in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). This study investigated the prognostic value of functional TR quantified by CMR in patients with HFrEF.

Methods and results
A total of 262 patients with HFrEF who underwent CMR were analysed. Patients who had primary TR, who had acute HF, or for whom cardiac surgery was planned were excluded. TR volume and fraction were indirectly calculated via subtracting methods. The primary outcome was defined as a composite of all-cause death and hospitalization for HF. Renal outcome was defined as a composite of a decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥50% or progression to end-stage renal disease. During the follow-up period (median 921 days), 62 primary outcomes and 48 renal outcomes occurred. When divided into two or three groups based on TR fraction in Kaplan–Meier analysis, patients with higher TR fractions showed worse primary outcomes and renal outcomes than those with lower TR fractions. In Cox regression analysis, a 10% increase in TR fraction was significantly associated with primary outcome [hazard ratio (HR) 1.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.29–1.73, P &lt; 0.001] and renal outcome (HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.12–1.55, P = 0.001). TR fraction exhibited a strong positive linear relationship with primary outcomes and renal outcomes in restricted cubic spline curves.

Conclusion
CMR-quantified measures of TR were independently associated with adverse clinical outcomes in patients with HFrEF.
18-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the diagnosis of prosthetic aortic graft infection: the difference between open and endovascular repair
Authors: Tsuda Kazumasa , Washiyama Naoki , Takahashi Daisuke , Natsume Kayoko , Ohashi Yuko , Hirano Masahiro , Takeuchi Yuki , Shiiya Norihiko 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
18-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) has been reported as useful for diagnosing aortic graft infection. However, 18F-FDG uptake may depend upon various factors including open versus endovascular repair and time from surgery. We aimed to elucidate the factors influencing its uptake and the diagnostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT after open and endovascular repair.

METHODS
Hospital database of PET/CT (N = 14 490) and our departmental database were cross-checked to identify those who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT after aortic repair. Patient’s data were retrieved from the chart. Images were reviewed by 2 nuclear medicine specialists in consensus, and the presence of increased 18F-FDG uptake was recorded. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max) was measured.

RESULTS
Among the 1112 patients who underwent aortic repair between 2011 and 2022, 71 patients were identified. Eighteen patients underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT for suspected graft infection and the remaining 53 patients for other purposes (malignancy, etc.). Fourteen patients were treated as aortic graft infection. They had significantly higher SUV max than those without graft infection [mean 8.64 (standard deviation 2.78) vs 3.40 (standard deviation 0.84); P &lt; 0.01]. In the non-infected grafts, SUV max was higher early after open surgical repair, while it remained low after endovascular repair.

CONCLUSIONS
After endovascular aortic repair, a constant cut-off value of ‘SUV max = 4.5’ seems appropriate for diagnosing graft infection, since it remains low and stable from the early postoperative period. After open surgical repair, it seems acceptable to have ‘stepwise cut-off value’ depending on the time from surgery.
My Covid-19 story: A tale of convergence, divergence, and more than law
Authors: Obani Pedi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Over the past couple of years, the Covid-19 pandemic and response measures by governments around the world have significantly impacted existing inequalities and related human rights in most sectors, including education. Beyond the Covid-19 regulations and the implementation processes, the human rights impacts have largely been determined by extraneous factors such as personal characteristics (sex, gender, age, health, employment), the quality of the environment, and social, political, and economic systems within which the regulations are implemented. In this article, I reflect on my personal experience of the human rights impacts of the pandemic response from my position as a female academic having recently joined the higher education sector in the United Kingdom from abroad. Overall, the pandemic has been both an “equalizing” and “divisive” threat, due to a combination of converging responses and divergent outcomes beyond the regulations. This article is also about my concern that there is a real risk of returning to business as usual without institutionalizing the skills and value addition to human rights protection during emergencies affecting academia and healthcare, drawing from the Covid-19 pandemic experience.
The Evolution of Feeding Mechanics in the Danioninae, or Why Giant Danios Don't Suck Like Zebrafish
Authors: Conith M R , Ringo D , Conith A J , Deleon A , Wagner M , McMenamin S , Cason C , Cooper W J 
Published: November 2022

SynopsisBy linking anatomical structure to mechanical performance we can improve our understanding of how selection shapes morphology. Here we examined the functional morphology of feeding in fishes of the subfamily Danioninae (order Cypriniformes) to determine aspects of cranial evolution connected with their trophic diversification. The Danioninae comprise three major lineages and each employs a different feeding strategy. We gathered data on skull form and function from species in each clade, then assessed their evolutionary dynamics using phylogenetic-comparative methods. Differences between clades are strongly associated with differences in jaw protrusion. The paedomorphic Danionella clade does not use jaw protrusion at all, members of the Danio clade use jaw protrusion for suction production and prey capture, and members of the sister clade to Danio (e.g., Devario and Microdevario) use jaw protrusion to retain prey after capture. The shape of the premaxillary bone is a major determinant of protrusion ability, and premaxilla morphology in each of these lineages is consistent with their protrusion strategies. Premaxilla shapes have evolved rapidly, which indicates that they have been subjected to strong selection. We compared premaxilla development in giant danio (Devario aequipinnatus) and zebrafish (Danio rerio) and discuss a developmental mechanism that could shift danionine fishes between the feeding strategies employed by these species and their respective clades. We also identified a highly integrated evolutionary module that has been an important factor in the evolution of trophic mechanics within the Danioninae.
Characterization of fatty acid compositions in longissimus thoracis muscle and identification of candidate gene and SNPs related to polyunsaturated fatty acid in Hu sheep
Authors: Kong Yuanyuan , Liu Chongyang , Zhang Xueying , Liu Xing , Li Wenqiao , Li Fadi , Wang Xinji , Yue Xiangpeng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Fatty acid (FA) composition contributes greatly to the quality and nutritional value of lamb meat. In the present study, FA was measured in longissimus thoracis (LT) muscles of 1,085 Hu sheep using gas chromatography. Comparative transcriptomic analysis was conducted in LT muscles to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between six individuals with high polyunsaturated fatty acids (H-PUFA, 15.27% ± 0.42%) and six with low PUFA (L-PUFA, 5.22% ± 0.25%). Subsequently, the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a candidate gene PLIN2 were correlated with FA traits. The results showed a total of 29 FA compositions and 8 FA groups were identified, with the highest content of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA, 46.54%, mainly C18:1n9c), followed by saturated fatty acids (SFA, 44.32%, mainly C16:0), and PUFA (8.72%, mainly C18:2n6c), and significant correlations were observed among the most of FA traits. Transcriptomic analyses identified 110 upregulated and 302 downregulated DEGs between H-PUFA and L-PUFA groups. The functional enrichment analysis revealed three significant Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways and 17 gene ontology (GO) terms, in which regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes, the AMPK signaling pathway, and the PPAR signaling pathway may play important roles in FA metabolism and biosynthesis. In addition, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified 37 module genes associated with PUFA-related traits. In general, PLIN1, LIPE, FABP4, LEP, ACACA, ADIPOQ, SCD, PCK2, FASN, PLIN2, LPL, FABP3, THRSP, and ACADVL may have a great impact on PUFA metabolism and lipid deposition. Four SNPs within PLIN2 were significantly associated with FA. Of those, SNP1 (g.287 G&gt;A) was significantly associated with C18:1n9c and MUFA, and SNP4 (g.7807 T&gt;C) was significantly correlated with PUFA (C18:3n3). In addition, the combined genotype of SNP1 (g.287 G&gt;A), SNP3 (g.7664 T&gt;C), and SNP4 (g.7807 T&gt;C) were significantly correlated with C16:1, C17:0, C18:1C6, PUFA (C18:3n3, C22:6n3), and n-6/n-3 PUFA. These results contribute to the knowledge of the biological mechanisms and genetic markers involved in the composition of FA in Hu sheep.
A Single Institution’s Recent Experience With Pediatric Hand Burns
Authors: Nolan Margo M , Reppucci Marina L , Urban Ashley , Kierulf Genevieve , Fields Tymar , Boulter Trudy , Drelles Angela , Moulton Steven L 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Children are at risk for sustaining hand burns due to their innate curiosity, slow withdrawal reflexes, and thin palmar epidermis. We sought to summarize our recent experience managing pediatric hand burns, focusing on injuries that required surgical management. This was a retrospective review of children with burn-injured hands managed at a quaternary referral children’s hospital between 2016 and 2020. Demographics and mechanisms of injury were collected for all patients. Initial management of all wounds included pain control, deflation of blisters, and mechanical debridement. Wounds were then dressed, and a plaster-backed soft cast was applied for positioning if the swelling was controlled. Wounds were reassessed in 4–7 days, at which time a nonadherent dressing with antifungal ointment or a bismuth dressing was applied to partial-thickness wounds, vs an active silver dressing for deep partial-thickness burns. For patients who underwent split-thickness or full-thickness skin grafting, additional wound care, operative, and short-term outcomes data were collected. A total of 3715 children were seen for burn injuries during the study period, of which 2100 (56.5%) were seen for hand burns. In total, 123 (5.8%) required a skin graft an average of 11.7 days from the date of their burn injury. Surgical complications were minimal with 5 (4.1%) incomplete graft takes, though none required reoperation, and 1 (0.8%) experiencing a postoperative wound infection. Pediatric hand burns are common. A multidisciplinary treatment approach, including standardized wound care and adept therapeutic interventions, will lead to spontaneous healing in approximately 95% of patients.
There’s Rules in Prison
Authors: Gibson-Light Michael 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter takes a deeper look at the role of race and ethnicity at work behind bars, and particularly in the allocation of prison jobs. Such characteristics were deeply intertwined with the accumulation of valued forms of capital that helped privileged individuals (relative to the general prison population) better navigate to the top of the hierarchical carceral employment system. Perceptions, assumptions, and norms tied to race also shaped within-job mobility and task assignments, despite claims of race-neutrality within individual carceral worksites from staffers and penal laborers alike. The chapter unpacks how the perserverence and reproduction of unequal prospects and processes diminishes the agency and wellbeing of incarcerated workers of color in this heavily racialized space.
The Dignity of Working Prisoners
Authors: Gibson-Light Michael 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter examines the impacts of different work environments may have on prisoners’ workplace practices, self-perceptions, and outlooks. It describes how differing worksites behind bars may facilitate coping, friction, or professionalization strategies. Through these combinations of discourse and practice, the imprisoned may endeavor to avoid indignities or potentially reinject dignity into their lives at and through work. By unpacking the ways that incarcerated laborers agentically respond to the conditions of their work, which may vary greatly across different tiers of the carceral employment system, the chapter describes how the unequal outcomes of prison labor sorting may shape not only material but symbolic and personal dimensions of wellbeing.
Mercy
Authors: Nolan Cathal J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This book relates stories of morally decent actions in a broader context of the essential barbarism of war. It charts the wider path of obscenity and atrocity in war to highlight moments of moral grace, of goodwill toward the enemy and civilians inside a frame of jarring ugliness and malice. It presents portraits of everyday folk who reacted in a moment of crisis with mercy and sensitivity, with empathy for the shared humanity of an enemy or the innocent. The book recognizes the elect few who refused immoral acts and orders, even at grave personal risk. It challenges all nationalist myths, the usual heroic fabrications encountered in military history, and all claims to exclusive or unilateral virtue.
Law's Rule
Authors: Postema Gerald J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The rule of law, once widely embraced and emulated, now faces serious threats to its viability. This book articulates and defends a comprehensive, coherent, and compelling conception of the rule of law and defends it against serious challenges to its intelligibility, relevance, and normative force. The rule of law’s ambition, it argues, is to provide protection and recourse against the arbitrary exercise of governmental and nongovernmental power using the distinctive tools of the law. Two principles immediately follow from this core: sovereignty of law, demanding that those who exercise ruling power govern with law and that law governs them, and equality in the eyes of the law, demanding that law’s protection extend to all bound by it. Animating law’s rule, the ethos of fidelity commits all members of the political community to take responsibility for holding each other accountable under the law. The rule of law is realized in constitutional principles of separation of power, procedural fairness, freedom of media and association, and a network of mechanisms of accountability within government and civil society. The rule of law underwrites democracy and human rights. Part I articulates this conception and locates its moral foundation in a commitment to common membership of each person, recognizing their freedom, dignity, and status as peers. Part II addresses serious challenges currently facing law’s rule, finding a place in the legal system for equity, mercy, and effective responses to emergencies, taming the new Leviathans of the digital world, and extending law’s rule beyond national borders.