bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the efficacy of the HITSystem 2.1 to improve PMTCT retention and maternal viral suppression in Kenya: Study protocol of a cluster-randomized trial
Authors: Mokua Sharon , Maloba May , Wexler Catherine , Goggin Kathy , Staggs Vincent , Mabachi Natabhona , Maosa Nicodemus , Babu Shadrack , Hurley Emily , Finocchario-Kessler Sarah 
Published: July 2022

Background
Gaps in the provision of guideline-adherent prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) services and maternal retention in care contribute to nearly 8000 Kenyan infants becoming infected with HIV annually. Interventions that routinize evidence-based PMTCT service delivery and foster consistent patient engagement are essential to eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HIV. The HITSystem 2.1 is an eHealth intervention that aims to improve retention in PMTCT services and viral load monitoring, using electronic alerts to providers and SMS to patients. This study will evaluate the impact, implementation, and cost-effectiveness of HITSystem 2.1.

Method
This cluster randomized trial will be conducted at 12 study hospital (6 intervention, 6 control). Pregnant women living with HIV who have initiated PMTCT care ≤36 weeks gestation are eligible. Women enrolled at control hospitals will receive standard-of-care PMTCT services. Women enrolled at intervention hospitals will receive standard-of-care PMTCT services plus enhanced HITSystem 2.1 tracking. Mixed logistic regression models will compare the arms on two primary outcomes: (1) completed guideline-adherence PMTCT services and (2) viral suppression at both delivery and 6 months postpartum. We will assess associations between provider and patient characteristics (disclosure status, partner status, depression, partner support), PMTCT knowledge, and motivation with retention outcomes. Using the RE-AIM model, we will also assess implementation factors to guide sustainable scale-up. Finally, a cost-effectiveness analysis will be conducted.

Discussion
This study will provide insights regarding the development and adaptation of eHealth strategies to meet the global goal of eliminating new HIV infections in children and optimizing maternal health through PMTCT services. If efficacious, implementation and cost-effectiveness data gathered in this study will guide scale-up across Kenyan health facilities.

Trial registration
This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04571684) on October 1, 2020.
“I always find myself very tired and exhausted”: The physical impact of caring; a descriptive phenomenological study of the experiences of prostate cancer caregivers in Cape Coast, Ghana
Authors: Owoo Benedicta , Ninnoni Jerry Paul K. , Ampofo Evelyn Asamoah , Seidu Abdul-Aziz 
Published: July 2022

Introduction
Prostate cancer is a significant public health burden and a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among men worldwide. This study, therefore, explored how caring affects the physical health of family caregivers of prostate cancer patients.

Method
The study adopted a descriptive phenomenological method. Twelve participants were recruited using the purposive sampling technique. A semi-structured face to face, in-depth interviews were conducted with family caregivers of patients living with prostate cancer. The interviews were transcribed verbatim, and the data were analysed using Colaizzi’s phenomenological approach.

Findings
The family caregiver’s experience with the physical impact associated with caregiving uncovered two significant themes with six sub-themes. “Rest and Sleep” emerged as the first central theme, with sleeplessness, fatigue, pain, and worsening pre-existing conditions as the sub-themes. The second main theme was ‘Nutrition’ with altered eating patterns and weight loss emerging as sub-themes.

Conclusion
The study suggests that family caregivers of patients treated for prostate cancer may struggle with physical consequences associated with the caregiving role, which impacts their physical health. It is of great importance, especially for nurses, to come up with measures to minimise these adverse physical effects on the family caregivers through formal education programmes and training on how to care for these patients at home.
Psychosocial factors influencing smoking relapse among youth experiencing homelessness: A qualitative study
Authors: Patterson Joanne G. , Macisco Joseph M. , Glasser Allison M. , Wermert Amy , Nemeth Julianna M. 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesIn the United States, up to 70% of youth experiencing homelessness smoke cigarettes. Many are interested in quitting; however, little is known about psychosocial factors influencing smoking relapse in this population. This study, part of a larger project to develop an optimized smoking cessation intervention for youth experiencing homelessness, aimed to describe how psychosocial factors influence smoking relapse in this group.MethodsThis study describes the smoking relapse experiences of 26 youth tobacco users, aged 14–24 years, who were recruited from a homeless drop-in center in Ohio. We conducted semi-structured interviews to understand how stress, opportunity, and coping contribute to smoking relapse.ResultsFive themes emerged from the data: (1) smoking as a lapse in emotional self-regulation in response to stress; (2) smoking as active emotional self-regulation in response to stress; (3) social opportunities facilitate smoking in the context of emotion-focused stress coping; (4) problem-focused stress coping; and (5) opportunity facilitates smoking relapse.ConclusionsStress was a primary driver of smoking relapse among youth experiencing homelessness, yet social and environmental opportunities to smoke also precipitated relapse. Interventions to improve abstinence among this population should target foundational stressors, coping skills, social supports, and nicotine dependence.
Patient safety culture in primary health care: Medical office survey on patient safety culture in a Brazilian family health strategy setting
Authors: Araújo Gleiton Lima , Amorim Fábio Ferreira , de Miranda Rafaela Cristina Pereira Santos , Amorim Flávio Ferreira Pontes , Santana Levy Aniceto , Göttems Leila Bernarda Donato 
Published: July 2022

Study objectives
To assess the patient safety culture in Primary Health Care (PHC) setting after the transition to the Family Health Strategy (FHS) model in a Brazilian metropolitan area and compare the results between the categories of health care professionals.

Methods
A cross-sectional study including 246 workers from primary health care services in Federal District, Brazil. Data collection took place from October to December 2019 through the Medical Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture (MOSPSC) application. Patient safety culture was considered positive when the score was above 60%. For comparisons between the categories of health care professionals’, the ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test were used for composite percent positive scores, and Pearson’s chi-square or Fishers exact test for frequency and percentage of positive responses.

Results
The overall MOSPSC composite percent positive score was 49.9%. Among the 12 dimensions, only three showed a positive patient safety culture: Teamwork (73.1%), Organizational learning (62.9%), and Patient care tracking/follow-up (60.1%). The percentage of positive responses on overall quality assessment (78.1%) and overall patient safety assessment (78.0%) showed a positive evaluation. There was no significant difference in the composite percent positive score of overall MOSPSC (p = 0.135) and the percentage of positive responses on overall patient safety assessment (p = 0.156) between the categories of health care professionals. Overall quality assessment showed a significant difference between job roles (p < 0.001), in which nursing /health care technicians showed a significantly lower score than other job roles.

Conclusion
The patient safety culture assessment showed a weakness in the patient safety in the PHC services. The MOSPSC and nine of its dimensions presented a negative safety culture assessment, regardless of the high scores in the overall patient safety and quality assessments.
Changes in key recruitment performance metrics from 2008–2019 in industry-sponsored phase III clinical trials registered at ClinicalTrials.gov
Authors: Brøgger-Mikkelsen Mette , Zibert John Robert , Andersen Anders Daniel , Lassen Ulrik , Hædersdal Merete , Ali Zarqa , Thomsen Simon Francis 
Published: July 2022

Background
Increasing costs and complexity in clinical trials requires recruitment of more narrowly defined patient populations. However, recruitment for clinical trials remains a considerable challenge.

Aim
Our overall aim was to quantify recruitment performance in industry-sponsored phase III clinical trials conducted globally during 2008–2019 with primary aim to examine development of overall clinical trial measures (number of trials completed, number of participants enrolled, trial duration in months) and key recruitment metrics (recruitment rate, number of sites, number of patients enrolled per site).

Methods
The publicly available AACT database containing data on all trials registered at ClinicalTrials.gov since 2008 was used. The analysis was completed during three time periods from 2008–2019 of 4 years each.

Results and conclusion
Recruitment duration for industry-sponsored phase III clinical trials have increased significantly during the last 12 years from an average recruitment period of 13 months (IQR 7–23) in 2008–2011 to 18 months (IQR 11–28) in 2016–2019 (p = 0.0068). Further, phase III clinical trials have increased the number of registered sites per clinical trial by more than 30% during the last 12 years from a median number 43 sites (IQR 17–84) in 2012–2015 to 64 sites (IQR 30–118) in 2016–2019 (p = 0.025), and concurrently, the number of participants enrolled in clinical research has decreased significantly from 2012–2015 and 2016–2019 (p = 0.046). We believe that these findings indicate that recruitment for phase III clinical trials is less effective today compared to 12 years ago.
Antibiotic treatment duration for bloodstream infections in critically ill children—A survey of pediatric infectious diseases and critical care clinicians for clinical equipoise
Authors: Pong Sandra , Fowler Robert A. , Murthy Srinivas , Pernica Jeffrey M. , Gilfoyle Elaine , Fontela Patricia , Mitsakakis Nicholas , Bowen Asha C. , Seto Winnie , Science Michelle , Hutchison James S. , Jouvet Philippe , Rishu Asgar , Daneman Nick 
Published: July 2022

Objective
To describe antibiotic treatment durations that pediatric infectious diseases (ID) and critical care clinicians usually recommend for bloodstream infections in critically ill children.

Design
Anonymous, online practice survey using five common pediatric-based case scenarios of bloodstream infections.

Setting
Pediatric intensive care units in Canada, Australia and New Zealand.

Participants
Pediatric intensivists, nurse practitioners, ID physicians and pharmacists.

Main outcome measures
Recommended treatment durations for common infectious syndromes associated with bloodstream infections and willingness to enrol patients into a trial to study treatment duration.

Results
Among 136 survey respondents, most recommended at least 10 days antibiotics for bloodstream infections associated with: pneumonia (65%), skin/soft tissue (74%), urinary tract (64%) and intra-abdominal infections (drained: 90%; undrained: 99%). For central vascular catheter-associated infections without catheter removal, over 90% clinicians recommended at least 10 days antibiotics, except for infections caused by coagulase negative staphylococci (79%). Recommendations for at least 10 days antibiotics were less common with catheter removal. In multivariable linear regression analyses, lack of source control was significantly associated with longer treatment durations (+5.2 days [95% CI: 4.4–6.1 days] for intra-abdominal infections and +4.1 days [95% CI: 3.8–4.4 days] for central vascular catheter-associated infections). Most clinicians (73–95%, depending on the source of bloodstream infection) would be willing to enrol patients into a trial of shorter versus longer antibiotic treatment duration.

Conclusions
The majority of clinicians currently recommend at least 10 days of antibiotics for most scenarios of bloodstream infections in critically ill children. There is practice heterogeneity in self-reported treatment duration recommendations among clinicians. Treatment durations were similar across different infectious syndromes. Under appropriate clinical conditions, most clinicians would be willing to enrol patients into a trial of shorter versus longer treatment for common syndromes associated with bloodstream infections.
ECM dimensionality tunes actin tension to modulate endoplasmic reticulum function and spheroid phenotypes of mammary epithelial cells
Authors: Kai FuiBoon , Ou Guanqing , Tourdot Richard W , Stashko Connor , Gaietta Guido , Swift Mark F , Volkmann Niels , Long Alexandra F , Han Yulong , Huang Hector H , Northey Jason J , Leidal Andrew M , Viasnoff Virgile , Bryant David M , Guo Wei , Wiita Arun P , Guo Ming , Dumont Sophie , Hanein Dorit , Radhakrishnan Ravi , Weaver Valerie M 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPatient‐derived organoids and cellular spheroids recapitulate tissue physiology with remarkable fidelity. We investigated how engagement with a reconstituted basement membrane in three dimensions (3D) supports the polarized, stress resilient tissue phenotype of mammary epithelial spheroids. Cells interacting with reconstituted basement membrane in 3D had reduced levels of total and actin‐associated filamin and decreased cortical actin tension that increased plasma membrane protrusions to promote negative plasma membrane curvature and plasma membrane protein associations linked to protein secretion. By contrast, cells engaging a reconstituted basement membrane in 2D had high cortical actin tension that forced filamin unfolding and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) associations. Enhanced filamin‐ER interactions increased levels of PKR‐like ER kinase effectors and ER‐plasma membrane contact sites that compromised calcium homeostasis and diminished cell viability. Consequently, cells with decreased cortical actin tension had reduced ER stress and survived better. Consistently, cortical actin tension in cellular spheroids regulated polarized basement membrane membrane deposition and sensitivity to exogenous stress. The findings implicate cortical actin tension‐mediated filamin unfolding in ER function and underscore the importance of tissue mechanics in organoid homeostasis.
Pengaruh Media Game Edukasi sebagai Inovasi Pembelajaran Muatan PPKN terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa Kelas V SD
Authors: Fatma Mora , Piliati Indros , Budiarti Budiarti , Putra Iwan , Wahyuni Molli , Masrul Masrul 
Published: July 2022

This research aims to determine whether the educational game influences the learning interests of grade V students of SDN 018 Ujungbatu in the content of Civics Education (PPKn). The type of research used in this study is correlational research with a quantitative approach. The population and samples used in this study were 20 students of SDN 018 Ujungbatu. The research instruments used are questionnaires on media use and questionnaires for students' interest in learning. Several tests had been used before the hypothesis test, namely the normality and linearity tests. The hypothesis test used linear regression after it was proven that the data meets the elements of normality and linearity of the data. Based on the results of a simple regression test, the value of the educational game was obtained, an addition of 0.383. Further, with a significance value of 5 percent, the tvalue showed 2.105 is greater than ttable of 2.093. It can be concluded that the educational game influenced the learning interests of grade V students of SDN 018 Ujungbatu as an innovation in PPKn learning. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh game edukasi pada muatan PPKN terhadap minat belajar siswa kelas V SDN 018 Ujungbatu. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian korelasional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dan sample yang digunakan pada penelitian ini sebanyak 20 siswa, yaitu siswa SDN 018 Ujungbatu. Instrumen penelitian yang digunkan yaitu angket penggunaan media dan angket minat belajar siswa. Uji prasayarat melalui uji normalitas dan uji linieritas. Uji hipotesis menggunakan regresi liner setelah terbukti data memenuhi unsur normalitas dan linieritas data. Berdasarkan hasil uji regresi sederhana diperoleh nilai game edukasi terjadi penambahan sebanyak 0,383. Uji lanjut yang dilakukan yaitu pada nilai signifikansi 5 persen, nilai t menunjukkan nilai thitung 2,105 lebih besar dari ttabel sebesar 2,093. Dapat disimpulkan game edukasi memberikan pengaruh pada minat belajar siswa kelas V SDN 018 Ujungbatu sebagai inovasi pembelajaran muatan PPKn.
PENDAMPINGAN PENINGKATAN KONDISI FISIK DI PERSATUAN SEPAKBOLA SUMBERSARI MENUJU KOMPETISI LIGA 3 INDONESIA
Authors: Amiq Fahrial , Hariyanto Eko , Angga Prayogi Dwina , Mashuri Imam , Muhammadin Alief Syafrizal 
Published: July 2022

Abstrak: Durasi permainan sepakbola selama 2x45 menit membutuhkan fisik pemain yang baik sehingga selama tahap latihan, pemain harus ditempa dengan latihan fisik yang memadai. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pendampingan latihan fisik di Persatuan Sepakbola Sumbersari dalam menghadapi kompetisi liga 3 Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah ceramah, demonstrasi dan praktek, yaitu menjelaskan tentang pentingnya kondisi fisik bagi pemain sepakbola, memberikan contoh gerakan latihan, dan pemain Sumbersari mempraktekkan gerakan yang diberikan oleh pendamping. Hasil yang telah dicapai dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah meningkatnya kondisi fisik pemain sepakbola Sumbersari, hal ini dibuktikan dengan pelaksanaan tes fisik berupa sprint 20 meter, multistage fitness test, standing long jump test, standing trunk flexion test, dan Illinois agility test yang dilakukan terhadap pemain Sumbersari dengan memperoleh hasil secara keseluruhan kondisi fisik pemain sangat baik, baik dan cukup. Abstract: The duration of the game of football for 2x45 minutes requires a good physical player so that during the training stage, players must be forged with adequate physical training. This community service aims to provide physical training assistance at the Sumbersari Football Association in facing the Indonesian 3rd league competition. The methods used in this activity are lectures, demonstrations and practice, namely explaining the importance of physical conditions for football players, providing examples of training movements, and Sumbersari players practicing the movements given by their companions. The results that have been achieved from this community service is the improvement in the physical condition of the Sumbersari football players, this is evidenced by the implementation of physical tests in the form of a 20 meter sprint, multistage fitness test, standing long jump test, standing trunk flexion test, and Illinois agility test conducted on Sumbersari football players by obtaining the overall results of the players' physical condition is very good, good and sufficient.
EDUKASI PENGOLAHAN KOPI TULUP UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PRODUK DI DESA WONOREJO KECAMATAN SINGOSATI KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Syahroni Arsyad , Solekhah Umi , Aisyah Shofia , Jauhari Najib 
Published: July 2022

Abstrak: Desa Wonorejo Kecamatan Singosari Kabupaten Malang merupakan salah satu desa produsen kopi dengan kopi khas yang disebut Kopi Tulup. Kopi dengan ciri khas lokal tersebut apabila dikelola dengan baik maka akan menjadi usaha bisnis kopi yang bisa memberikan nilai tambah bagi masyarakat desa. Terdapat ada 7 produsen kopi yang terdapat di Desa Wonorejo dengan produk kopi jenis arabika. Meski demikian masih ada masyarakat yang salah dalam mengolah kopi. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah mengedukasi masyarakat tentang cara pengolahan kopi sehingga produksi kopi semakin maksimal baik secara kualitas maupun kuantitas serta meningkatkan tingkat perekonomian masyraakat setempat. Tahap pelaksanaan pengabdian mencakup tahap observasi, perencanaan, penyusunan produk karya pengabdian dan pelaksanaan. Hasilnya diperoleh luaran berupa buku panduan, video edukasi dan brosur iklan kopi tulup. Pada buku panduan dan video edukasi tercantum tata cara pengolahan kopi yang benar sedangkan dalam brosur berisi penawaran produk kopi tulup. Setelah luaran selesai disusun dan telah melewati tahap finalisasi kemudian diserahkan ke Desa Wonorejo oleh perwakilan Tim Kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat Desa Wonorejo 2020. Abstract: Wonorejo Village, Singosari District, Malang Regency is one of the coffee producing villages with a special coffee called Kopi Tulup. Coffee with local characteristics, if managed properly, will become a coffee business that can provide added value for the village community. There are 7 coffee producers in Wonorejo Village with Arabica coffee products. However, there are still people who are wrong in processing coffee. The purpose of this service activity is to educate the public on how to process coffee so that coffee production is maximized both in quality and quantity as well as increasing the economic level of the local community. The implementation stage of the service includes the stages of observation, planning, preparation of service work products and implementation. The results obtained in the form of a manual, Tulip coffee advertising brochures and educational videos. In the guidebook and educational videos, the correct coffee processing procedures are listed, while the brochure contains offers for tulip coffee products. After the output has been compiled and has passed the finalization stage, it is then submitted to Wonorejo Village by representatives of the 2020 Wonorejo Village Community Service Activity Team.