bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbiological Characteristics of Sepsis in Children
Authors: Сергиенко Е.Н. , Романова О.Н. 
Published: April 2022

В течение последних десятилетий значительно возрос интерес мирового сообщества к проблеме сепсиса. Несмотря на достижения современной фундаментальной и клинической медицины, сепсис по-прежнему отличает значительная распространенность и высокая летальность. По данным ВОЗ, в мире ежегодно диагностируется около 20–30 миллионов случаев сепсиса, а летальность составляет от 2% до 60%, при развитии септического шока может достигать 80–90%.Цель. Изучение этиологической структуры сепсиса у детей.Материалы и методы. В ретроспективном исследовании с 2009 по 2021 г. были проанализированы 377 медицинских карт стационарных пациентов с сепсисом в возрасте от 1 месяца до 18 лет, которые находились на лечении в УЗ «Городская детская инфекционная клиническая больница» Минска.Результаты. В статье представлены особенности этиологической структуры сепсиса у детей с учетом возраста.Заключение. У пациентов с сепсисом, которые находились на лечении в УЗ «Городская детская инфекционная клиническая больница» Минска, в этиологической структуре преобладают грамотрицательные возбудители.
Over the past decades, the interest of the world community in the problem of sepsis has increased significantly. Despite the achievements of modern fundamental and clinical medicine, sepsis is still characterized by a significant prevalence and high mortality. According to WHO, about 20–30 million cases of sepsis are diagnosed annually in the world, and the mortality rate ranges from 2% to 60%, with the development of septic shock it can reach up to 80–90%.Purpose. To study the etiological structure of sepsis in children.Materials and methods. In a retrospective study from 2009 to 2021, 377 medical records of inpatient patients with sepsis aged from 1 month to 18 years who were treated at the Municipal Children’s Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital in Minsk were analyzed.Results. The article presents the features of the etiological structure of sepsis in children, taking into account age.Conclusion. In patients with sepsis who were treated at the Municipal Children’s Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital in Minsk. the etiological structure is dominated by gram-negative pathogens.
Pengaruh Penambahan Kalsium Klorida (CaCl2) Terhadap Kuat Tekan Bata Ringan
Authors: Aprilia Andoni Elsa , Suryanita Reni , Maizir Harnedi 
Published: April 2022

Bata ringan adalah batu bata yang lebih ringan dari bata biasa. Bata ringan kini mulai banyak dipakai untuk konstruksi dinding, karena bata ringan mempunyai sifat lebih tahan air, tahan api, serta biayanya lebih hemat dan efektif. Material penyusun bata ringan berupa semen, pasir, air, foam agent (busa), dan bahan tambah lainnya seperti campuran kimiawi. Salah satu bahan tambah kimiawi yang dapat digunakan yaitu kalsium klorida (CaCl2). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penambahan kalsium klorida (CaCl2) terhadap kuat tekan pada bata ringan dengan variasi 0%, 0,5%, 1%, 1,5%, 2% dan 2,5% dengan agregat halus dari Taratak Buluh, Kampar. Adapun pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan benda uji berbentuk kubus dengan panjang 10 cm, lebar 10 cm dan tinggi 10 cm. Proses pengujian kuat tekan bata ringan pada umur 3 hari, 7 hari dan 28 hari. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kuat tekan optimum campuran kalsium klorida (CaCl2) yaitu pada variasi 2% sebesar 0,645 MPa umur 3 hari, 0,88 MPa umur 7 hari dan 1,28 MPa umur 28 hari. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan kalsium klorida (CaCl2) dengan variasi tertentu dapat meningkatkan nilai kuat tekan pada bata ringan. Diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat memberikan masukan untuk ilmu dan pengetahuan baru dalam bidang Teknik Sipil, khususnya mengenai bahan tambah kalsium klorida (CaCl2).
SOME FEATURES OF THE DEPENDENCE OF NITRATE CONTENT IN APPLES FROM ORCHARDS OF DIFFERENT PURPOSES
Authors: Слынько Е.Е. , Слынько А.Ю. , Мироновский А.Н. , Ярлыков Н.Г. 
Published: April 2022

В качестве объекта исследований использовали яблоки сортов Антоновка, Мельба, Звёздочка, Коричные, Пепин шафранный, Китайка, собранные в разных районах Ярославской и Нижегородской областей. Целью исследований являлось определение особенностей зависимости количественного содержания нитратов в яблоках разных сортов из садов разного назначения. Во всех исследованных сортах яблок уровень содержания нитратов не превышал предельно допустимую концентрацию (ПДК), которая соответствует 60 мг/кг. Не обнаружено превышения ПДК в яблоках из экологически неблагоприятных мест сбора: садов в поселке Пыра, входящего в состав городского округа г. Дзержинск Нижегородской области, и в деревне Прусово Ярославского района Ярославской области. Наибольшее и наименьшее содержание нитратов зафиксировано в яблоках садов («Борок 4» и «Борок 5») одной географической локации – Ярославская область, Некоузский район, посёлок Борок – и не зависит от сорта яблок. Наименьшее содержание нитратов обнаружено в яблоках садов преимущественно декоративного назначения, где яблоки выращивают для личного потребления и не используют удобрения. Наибольшее содержание нитратов выявлено в садах, где яблоки выращивают для продажи и используют разнообразные агрохимические средства повышения урожайности.
Apples of the varieties Antonovka, Melba, Zvezdochka, Korichnye, Pepin saffron, Kitayka collected in different areas of the Yaroslavl and Nizhny Novgorod regions were used as the object of research. The purpose of the research was to determine the features of the dependence of the quantitative content of nitrates in apples of different varieties from orchards of different purposes. In all apple varieties examined the nitrate level did not exceed the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) which corresponds to 60 mg/kg. No excess of MPC was found in apples from environmentally unfavorable collection places: orchards in the village of Pyra, which is part of the urban district of Dzerzhinsk, Nizhny Novgorod Region, and in the village of Prusovo, Yaroslavl District, Yaroslavl Region. The highest and lowest nitrate content was recorded in the apples of orchards ("Borok 4" and "Borok 5") of one geographical location – Yaroslavl Region, Nekouz District, Borok Village – and does not depend on the apple variety. The lowest content of nitrates was found in the apples of orchards mainly for decorative purposes, where apples are grown for personal consumption and do not use fertilizers. The highest content of nitrates was found in orchards, where apples are grown for sale and a variety of agrochemical means to increase yields are used.
INFLUENCE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF AUTOMATED SYSTEMS OF PHYSICAL PHENOMENA OCCURRING IN SINUSOIDAL CURRENT CIRCUITS
Authors: Пустовая О.А. , Пустовой Е.А. , Илюхина Т.А. 
Published: April 2022

Приводится обзор влияния качества электрической энергии и несимметричных режимов работы на системы автоматического управления технологическими линиями в сельском хозяйстве, с учётом приоритетных направлений развития российской промышленности и сельского хозяйства, а также с учётом перспективы цифровизации экономики страны. Рассмотрен вопрос влияния качества электроэнергии на термическое состояние электронных компонентов, работу асинхронных двигателей и другого оборудования. Показана возможность проведения диагностики электрического оборудования при помощи преобразования Парка. За время исследования среднее значение перекоса фаз по напряжению составило 3%, по току – 26,7%, для осветительного оборудования по напряжению – до 14%. Рассмотрено влияние перекоса фаз на работу цифровых систем управления высокого и низкого уровня автоматики и на компоненты электронных схем. Показано влияние перекоса токов и напряжений на деградацию электронных компонентов, в том числе SMD компонентов и микроконтроллеров. Показана возможность термического пробоя на примере твердотельного реле управления, которое было использовано совместно с асинхронным двигателем. Предложены методы устранения негативного влияния низкого качества электрической энергии и несимметрии токов и напряжений. Для устранения перекоса фаз высокотехнологичное оборудование рекомендуется подключать с использованием промышленных стабилизаторов напряжения, а также вести работу по модернизации электрических сетей 0,4 кВ.
An overview of the influence of the quality of electric energy and asymmetric operating modes on automatic control systems of technological lines in agriculture is given, taking into account the priority areas of the development of Russian industry and agriculture, as well as taking into account the prospect of digitalization of the country's economy. The issue of influence of electric power quality on thermal state of electronic components, operation of asynchronous motors and other equipment is considered. The possibility of electrical equipment diagnostics by means of Park's transformation is shown. During the research the average value of phase imbalance in voltage was 3%, in current – 26.7%, for lighting equipment in voltage – up to 14%. Influence of phase imbalance on operation of digital control systems of high and low level of automation and on components of electronic circuits is considered. The influence of current and voltage distortion on the degradation of electronic components, including SMD components and microcontrollers, is shown. The possibility of thermal breakdown is shown on the example of a solid-state control relay, which was used together with an asynchronous motor. Methods of elimination of negative influence of low quality of electric energy and asymmetry of currents and voltages are proposed. To eliminate phase imbalance high-tech equipment is recommended to be connected using industrial voltage stabilizers, as well as to modernize 0.4 kV electrical networks.
Natural convection pump having local nonequilibrium states with heaters for microfluidic circuits
Authors: Sugioka Hideyuki , Takahashi Shunsuke , Someya Yusuke 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A small pump with a simple structure that can be driven at low voltage remains under development in the research stage. In this study, we propose a small natural convection pump that has local nonequilibrium states with heaters for microfluidic circuits, and experimentally examine its pumping performance. In other words, by setting four small units comprising a hot fluid region with a buoyancy force and a cold fluid region in a circular channel, we obtained a maximum pumping velocity of ∼0.6 mm s−1 with an applied voltage of 3 V. Our device is beneficial as microfluidic circuits because the performance of our device is sufficiently practical.
Penerapan Lean Hospital pada Pelayanan Unit Gawat Darurat di RSUD Bayu Asih Kabupaten Purwakarta
Authors: Wati Apnaria Liana , Muhardi Muhardi , Nu’man Harits 
Published: April 2022

Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD) adalah unit di rumah sakit yang berfungsi sebagai pintu masuk pasien dengan keadaan darurat. Pasien yang dirawat di ruang gawat darurat rumah sakit tentunya membutuhkan pertolongan yang cepat dan tepat, sehingga perlu adanya standar dalam memberikan pelayanan gawat darurat. Unit gawat darurat yang terlalu padat dan tingkat hunian rumah sakit yang tinggi dapat menyebabkan pasien menumpuk di area unit gawat darurat. Permasalahan yang sering dihadapi adalah proses menunggu pasien di IGD yang terlalu lama, seperti yang terjadi di IGD RSUD Bayu Asih Kabupaten Purwakarta. Lean adalah sistem manajemen yang berfokus sepenuhnya pada efisiensi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan Lean Hospital dalam pelayanan gawat darurat yang sesuai dengan prinsip lean hospital serta untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengidentifikasi waste dan value add yang ada. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan penelitian tindakan. Informan dipilih secara non-probabilitas dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Kemudian data tersebut diolah dengan menggunakan metode analisis Lean. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa identifikasi waste adalah waste waiting dengan nilai tambah sebesar 23,68%, rasio added value to non added value activities kurang dari 30%. Perbaikan yang diusulkan melalui pendekatan lean membuktikan perbaikan dalam waste waiting.
Problem Based Learnıng Model wıth Blended Learnıng Approach to The Effectıveness of Student Learnıng Outcomes
Authors: Alfiah Alfiah , Subandowo Subandowo , Sugito Sugito 
Published: April 2022

The low completion of student learning in a subject is the reality of the quality of education in schools. The model in learning is one of the factors that can cause an impact on students' learning achievements. The use of the learning model must be adjusted to the characteristics of the student himself and the subjects taught. This article is intended to reveal the differences in blended-based Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning and Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning to the learning outcomes of students of Class X at SMK Negeri in Bangkalan and describe the influence of interaction between blended-based Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model and learning motivation for the learning outcomes of students of Class X at SMK Negeri in Bangkalan.. This research used quantitative research with experimental methods. In this case, it used two tools, namely questionnaire survey and learning result test. The experimental classes in this study used the blended-based Problem Based Learning (PBL) model conducted online learning and offline and face-to-face learning, while the control classes used the PBL (Problem Based Learning) model for face-to-face learning. This quantitative research used the data analysis technique through the two-way variant analysis (ANOVA) technique. The results showed that the baseline estimate of student learning outcome using the PBL learning model was 40, the highest score was 90, the average score was 72.33, and the standard deviation was 16,439. Compared to the learning outcome of students who used the problem-based learning (PBL) model the lowest score was 45, the highest score was 95, the average score was 80.67, and the standard deviation was 11,502. Seeing from the results of the exploration, it can be concluded that the results of the blended-based Problem Based Learning model are higher, or in other words, students' learning outcomes become more effective by using the approach.
Intrahepatic Gallbladder: A Case Report
Authors: Ibrahim Muhammad Imran , Saim Mahrukh , Ali Khan Rehman , Mehmood Rashid , Hasan Rabeea 
Published: April 2022

Ectopic gallbladder is a very rare congenital anomaly with total recorded incidence of 0.1 – 0.7 % 1. Multiple ectopic locations of the gallbladder have been described in the medical literature and the second commonest site is intrahepatic location2. It is associated with increased risk of several gallbladder pathologies and possible misinterpretations in their diagnosis due to unusual location may delay initiation of the treatment or may pose risk during the surgery. Therefore, prompt diagnosis is of utmost importance particularly in surgical setting.3 In this case report we present a 13-year-old girl who was lingering with on and off vague abdominal pain for many months before was diagnosed with this rare anomaly.
How to cite this: Ibrahim MI, Saim M, Khan RA, Mehmood R, Hasan R. Intrahepatic Gallbladder: A Case Report. Life and Science. 2022; 3(2): 88-90. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.231
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
Generic learning mechanisms can drive social inferences: The role of type frequency
Authors: Endress Ansgar D. , Ahmed Sultan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHow do we form opinions about typical and morally acceptable behavior in other social groups despite variability in behavior? Similar learning problems arise during language acquisition, where learners need to infer grammatical rules (e.g., the walk/walk-ed past-tense) despite frequent exceptions (e.g., the go/went alternation). Such rules need to occur with many different words to be learned (i.e., they need a high type frequency). In contrast, frequent individual words do not lead to learning. Here, we ask whether similar principles govern social learning. Participants read a travel journal where a traveler observed behaviors in different imaginary cities. The behaviors were performed once by many distinct actors (high type frequency) or frequently by a single actor (low type frequency), and could be good, neutral or bad. We then asked participants how morally acceptable the behavior was (in general or for the visited city), and how widespread it was in that city. We show that an ideal observer model estimating the prevalence of behaviors is only sensitive to the behaviors’ type frequency, but not to how often they are performed. Empirically, participants rated high type frequency behaviors as more morally acceptable more prevalent than low type frequency behaviors. They also rated good behaviors as more acceptable and prevalent than neutral or bad behaviors. These results suggest that generic learning mechanisms and epistemic biases constrain social learning, and that type frequency can drive inferences about groups. To combat stereotypes, high type frequency behaviors might thus be more effective than frequently appearing individual role models.
Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Fibromyalgia have a Higher Risk of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: POLAT Musa , AKTAŞ Ahmet 
Published: April 2022

Aim: The primary aim of this study is to investigate the effect of the presence of Fibromyalgia(FM) on cardiovascular risk and cardiopulmonary capacity in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. In addition, the prevalence of FM in DM patients was investigated according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 2016 criteria.
Material and Methods: The study included 188 premenopausal female patients with Type 2 DM. The physical activity level of the study participants was assessed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - short form. The cardiopulmonary capacity was evaluated with the 6-minute Walk Test. The cardiovascular risks were evaluated with the Framingham risk score. Participants were examined for the presence of FM according to the ACR 2016 criteria.
Results: 63 (33.5%) participants met the ACR 2016 FM diagnostic criteria. DM patients with FM have significantly lower physical activity levels (p=0.004) and cardiopulmonary capacity (p=0.009), and they also have significantly higher cardiovascular risks (p=0.02) than DM patients without FM.
Conclusion: FM is seen in approximately one-third of DM patients, and the presence of FM reduces cardiopulmonary capacity and increases cardiovascular risk. In the management of patients diagnosed with DM, the presence of FM should be investigated, and treatment should be applied with pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods to reduce the contribution to cardiovascular risk.
The Decoupled Kinematics of High-z QSO Host Galaxies and Their Lyα Halos
Authors: Drake Alyssa B. , Neeleman Marcel , Venemans Bram P. , Novak Mladen , Walter Fabian , Bañados Eduardo , Decarli Roberto , Farina Emanuele Paolo , Mazzucchelli Chiara , Trebitsch Maxime 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We present a comparison of the interstellar medium traced by [C ii] (Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array), and ionized halo gas traced by Lyα (Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer), in and around QSO host galaxies at z ∼ 6. To date, 18 QSOs at this redshift have been studied with both MUSE and high-resolution ALMA imaging; of these, 8 objects display a Lyα halo. Using data cubes matched in velocity resolution, we compare and contrast the spatial and kinematic information of the Lyα halos and the host galaxies’ [C ii] (and dust-continuum) emission. We find that the Lyα halos extend typically 3−30 times beyond the interstellar medium of the host galaxies. The majority of the Lyα halos do not show ordered motion in their velocity fields, whereas most of the [C ii] velocity fields do. In those cases where a velocity gradient can be measured in Lyα, the kinematics do not align with those derived from the [C ii] emission. This implies that the Lyα emission is not tracing the outskirts of a large rotating disk, which is a simple extension of the central galaxy seen in [C ii] emission. It rather suggests that the kinematics of the halo gas are decoupled from those of the central galaxy. Given the scattering nature of Lyα, these results need to be confirmed with James Webb Space Telescope Integral Field Unit observations that can constrain the halo kinematics further using the nonresonant Hα line.
Tracing Molecular Gas Mass in z ≃ 6 Galaxies with [C ii]
Authors: Vizgan D. , Greve T. R. , Olsen K. P. , Zanella A. , Narayanan D. , Davè R. , Magdis G. E. , Popping G. , Valentino F. , Heintz K. E. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We investigate the fine-structure [C ii] line at 158 μm as a molecular gas tracer by analyzing the relationship between molecular gas mass (M
mol) and [C ii] line luminosity (L
[C II]) in 11,125 z ≃ 6 star-forming, main-sequence galaxies from the simba simulations, with line emission modeled by the Simulator of Galaxy Millimeter/Submillimeter Emission. Though most (∼50%–100%) of the gas mass in our simulations is ionized, the bulk (>50%) of the [C ii] emission comes from the molecular phase. We find a sublinear (slope 0.78 ± 0.01)

log

L

[
C

II
]

–
log

M

mol

relation, in contrast with the linear relation derived from observational samples of more massive, metal-rich galaxies at z ≲ 6. We derive a median [C ii]-to-M
mol conversion factor of α
[C II] ≃ 18 M
⊙/L
⊙. This is lower than the average value of ≃30 M
⊙/L
⊙ derived from observations, which we attribute to lower gas-phase metallicities in our simulations. Thus, a lower, luminosity-dependent conversion factor must be applied when inferring molecular gas masses from [C ii] observations of low-mass galaxies. For our simulations, [C ii] is a better tracer of the molecular gas than CO J = 1–0, especially at the lowest metallicities, where much of the gas is CO-dark. We find that L
[C II] is more tightly correlated with M
mol than with star formation rate (SFR), and both the

log

L

[
C

II
]

–
log

M

mol

and

log

L

[
C

II
]

–
log

SFR

relations arise from the Kennicutt–Schmidt relation. Our findings suggest that L
[C II] is a promising tracer of the molecular gas at the earliest cosmic epochs.