bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arrayed waveguide lens for beam steering
Authors: Honari-Latifpour Mostafa , Binaie Ali , Eftekhar Mohammad Amin , Madamopoulos Nicholas , Miri Mohammad-Ali 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Integrated planar lenses are critical components for analog optical information processing that enable a wide range of applications including beam steering. Conventional planar lenses require gradient index control which makes their on-chip realization challenging. Here, we introduce a new approach for beam steering by designing an array of coupled waveguides with segmented tails that allow for simultaneously achieving planar lensing and off-chip radiation. The proposed arrayed waveguide lens is built on engineering the evanescent coupling between adjacent channels to realize a photonic lattice with an equi-distant ladder of propagation constants that emulates the continuous parabolic index profile. Through coupled-mode analysis and full-wave numerical simulations, we show that selective excitation of waveguide channels enables beam steering with large field-of-views of ∼60°. The proposed arrayed waveguide lens can serve as a compact component in integrated photonic circuits for applications in imaging, sensing, and metrology.
Quantitative determination of the electric field strength in a plasmon focus from ponderomotive energy shifts
Authors: Dreher Pascal , Janoschka David , Neuhaus Alexander , Frank Bettina , Giessen Harald , Horn-von Hoegen Michael , Meyer zu Heringdorf Frank-J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Spectroscopic photoemission microscopy is used to detect and quantify a ponderomotive shift in the energy of electrons that are emitted from a surface plasmon polariton focus. The focus is formed on an atomically flat Au(111) surface by an Archimedean spiral and is spatiotemporally separated from the circularly polarized light pulse used to excite the spiral. A spectroscopic analysis of electrons emitted from the focus exhibits a peaked above-threshold electron emission spectrum. From the shift of the peaks as function of laser power the field strength of the surface plasmon polariton was quantitatively determined without free parameters. Estimations of the Keldysh parameter
γ
= 4.4 and the adiabaticity parameter
δ
= 4700 indicate that electron emission occurs in a regime of multiplasmon absorption and nonlocalized surface plasmon fields.
The crystal structure of methyl 4-((3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-oxocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methyl) benzoate, C23H28O3
Authors: Zhai Pengda , Guan Hui , Wang Junna , Zhang Yongkang , Wu Haixia , Jia Yifan , Li Siye , Shan Juchuan , Ding Yue 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
C23H28O3, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 7.3985 (2) Å, b = 16.6978 (5) Å, c = 16.5137 (5) Å, β = 96.699(3)°, V = 2026.15 (10) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0428, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1116, T = 90 K.
Knowledge, acceptance and perception about COVID-19 vaccines in Bangladesh: Findings from a web-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Hossain Md. Sakhawat , Islam Md. Rabiul , Islam Mohammad Touhidul , Islam Romana , Khan Md. Robin , Saha Tushar , Hossain Md. Jamal , Bhuiyan Mohiuddin Ahmed 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background and Aims: Vaccination is the only way to fight the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The importance of vaccines has already been established in almost every country. However, the acceptance rate entirely depends on socio-demographic characteristics. This research aims to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and opinion about COVID-19 vaccines in Bangladesh.

Methods: We conducted this cross-sectional study from March 1 to March 31, 2021 among 704 persons in Bangladesh 18 years and older. We assessed the level of knowledge, attitude, and opinion of the participants about COVID-19 vaccines.

Results: About 95% of respondents were aware of COVID- 19 symptoms, and two-thirds of them believed that it is a treatable disease. Among the respondents, COVID-19-related knowledge differed significantly based on the educational level of the respondents. Respondents with a professional risk of getting COVID-19 were more willing to have the COVID-19 test. Awareness about COVID-19 treatment varies by marital status, profession, COVID-19 history, and professional risk of COVID-19 of respondents. Knowledge about the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines depends on the respondent’s education, profession, and family history. Also, the awareness about COVD-19 vaccination in Bangladesh varies by sex, marital status, education, profession, family history, and risk of infection of respondents. Respondents with professional risk and family history of COVID-19 were more willing to be vaccinated.

Conclusion: This research reflects the inadequate knowledge about vaccines but a positive attitude and opinion toward vaccination programs in Bangladesh. Thus, the respective authorities can arrange awareness programs related to COVID-19 and its vaccines for the general population.
‘A Very Curious Series of Paintings’: Marco Ricci’s Paintings on Leather
Authors: Turner Emma 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

“A very curious series of paintings in tempera on leather… are to be found at Buckingham Palace.” (Blunt 1946, 267).
The 2017 Royal Collection Trust exhibition ‘Canaletto and the Art of Venice’ necessitated the examination and conservation treatment of eight paintings by the artist Marco Ricci (1676–1730). Marco’s artworks were unusually catalogued as ‘tempera on kidskin leather’, however it became apparent that internationally widespread confusion and inconsistency existed in the cataloguing of these artworks, complicating the understanding of these ‘curious’ paintings and the development of a conservation treatment approach. As in-depth material analysis was not possible, multi-collection and art historical research were combined with close observation to better understand the material nature and condition of this unusual group of paintings. The Royal Collection’s group of Marco Ricci paintings on leather is the largest in existence, with all 32 artworks presented in their original frames and it is suggested here that some exist in their original mounted format. This group is therefore the basis of much of the author’s current understanding. Despite presenting a consistent framed visual appearance, the project unearthed surprising variation amongst the Royal Collection works, serving to significantly supplement previous understanding of these paintings.
Participatory research: a Priority Setting Partnership for chronic musculoskeletal pain in Denmark
Authors: Lyng Kristian D. , Larsen Jesper B. , Birnie Kathryn A. , Stinson Jennifer , Hoegh Morten S. , Palsson Thorvaldur S. , Olesen Anne E. , Arendt-Nielsen Lars , Ehlers Lars H. , Fonager Kirsten , Jensen Martin B. , Würtzen Hanne , Poulin Patricia A. , Handberg Gitte , Ziegler Connie , Møller Lars B. , Olsen Judi , Heise Lotte , Rathleff Michael S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Patient and stakeholder engagements in research have increasingly gained attention in healthcare and healthcare-related research. A common and rigorous approach to establish research priorities based on input from people and stakeholders is the James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership (JLA-PSP). The aim of this study was to establish research priorities for chronic musculoskeletal (MSK) pain by engaging with people living with chronic MSK pain, relatives to people living with chronic MSK pain, healthcare professionals (HCP), and researchers working with chronic MSK pain.

Methods
This JLA-PSP included a nation-wide survey in Denmark, an interim prioritisation, and an online consensus building workshop. The information gained from this was the basis for developing the final list of specific research priorities within chronic MSK pain.

Results
In the initial survey, 1010 respondents (91% people living with chronic MSK pain/relatives, 9% HCPs/researchers) submitted 3121 potential questions. These were summarised into 19 main themes and 36 sub-themes. In the interim prioritisation exercise, 51% people living with pain/relatives and 49% HCPs/researchers reduced the list to 33 research questions prior to the final priority setting workshop. 23 participants attended the online workshop (12 people/relatives, 10 HCPs, and 1 researcher) who reached consensus for the most important research priorities after two rounds of discussion of each question.

Conclusions
This study identified several specific research questions generated by people living with chronic MSK pain, relatives, HCPs, and researchers. The stakeholders proposed prioritization of the healthcare system’s ability to support patients, focus on developing coherent pathways between sectors and education for both patients and HCP. These research questions can form the basis for future studies, funders, and be used to align research with end-users’ priorities.
COVID-19 Hospitalization Among Children &lt;18 Years by Variant Wave in Norway
Authors: Whittaker Robert , Greve-Isdahl Margrethe , Bøås Håkon , Suren Pål , Buanes Eirik Alnes , Veneti Lamprini 
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVES
There is limited evidence on whether the relative severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children and adolescents differs for different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variants. We compare the risk of hospitalization to acute COVID-19 or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) among unvaccinated persons &lt;18 years with COVID-19 (cases) between waves of the Alpha, Delta, and Omicron (sublineage BA.1) variants in Norway.

METHODS
We used linked individual-level data from national registries to calculate adjusted risk ratios (aRR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) using multivariable log-binomial regression. We adjusted for variant wave, demographic characteristics, and underlying comorbidities.

RESULTS
We included 10 538 Alpha (21 hospitalized with acute COVID-19, 7 MIS-C), 42 362 Delta (28 acute COVID-19, 14 MIS-C), and 82 907 Omicron wave cases (48 acute COVID-19, 7 MIS-C). The risk of hospitalization with acute COVID-19 was lower in the Delta (aRR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.30–0.93) and Omicron wave (aRR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.24–0.68), compared to the Alpha wave. We found no difference in this risk for Omicron compared to Delta. The risk of MIS-C was lower for Omicron, compared to Alpha (aRR: 0.09, 95% CI: 0.03–0.27) and Delta (aRR: 0.26, 95% CI: 0.10–0.63).

CONCLUSIONS
We do not find clear evidence that different variants have influenced the risk of hospitalization with acute COVID-19 among unvaccinated children and adolescents in Norway. The lower risk of this outcome with Omicron and Delta may reflect changes in other factors over time, such as the testing strategy, maternal vaccination and/or hospitalization criteria. The emergence of Omicron has reduced the risk of MIS-C.
Investigating the dielectric constant of barium titanate in a polymer-matrix nanocomposite
Authors: Cooper Emma , De Anda Eduardo , Flitz Evan , Kim Halie , Casañas Nicholas , Johnson Lillian , Kedzierski Zoe , Domrzalski Jessica , Dato Albert , Monson Todd 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBarium titanate (BTO) is a ferroelectric material used in capacitors because of its high bulk dielectric constant. However, the impact of the size of BTO on its dielectric constant is not yet fully understood and is highly contested. Here, we present an investigation into the dielectric constant of BTO nanoparticles with diameters ranging between 50 and 500 nm. BTO nanoparticles were incorporated into acrylonitrile butadiene styrene and injection molded into parallel plate capacitors, which were used to determine nanocomposite dielectric constants. The dielectric constants of BTO nanoparticles were obtained by combining experimental measurements with computational results from COMSOL simulations of ABS-matrix nanocomposites containing BTO. The dielectric constant of BTO was observed to be relatively constant at nanoparticle diameters as small as 200 nm but sharply declined at smaller nanoparticle sizes. These results will be useful in the development of improved energy storage and power conditioning systems utilizing BTO nanoparticles.
Graphical abstract
Studi Fotostabilitas Ekstrak Bunga Kiacret (Spathodea campanulata) dengan Penambahan Kaolin Teraktivasi Asam
Authors: Ayu Ken , Asriza Ristika Oktavia , Nurhadini Nurhadini 
Published: August 2022

Sensitizer dari pewarna alam memiliki potensi besar sebagai sensitizer DSSC karena ketersediaannya yang melimpah dan ramah lingkungan. Namun sensitizer dari bahan alam mudah terdegradasi, sehingga pada penelitian ini dilakukan upaya peningkatan fotostabilitas dengan menambahkan kaolin teraktivasi asam. Tahapan penelitian adalah ekstraksi bunga kiacret menggunakan metode maserasi, dan uji fotostabilitas pada 0, 1, 2, 3 jam dengan massa kaolin 100 dan 300 mg menggunakan sumber cahaya UV C. Ekstrak bunga kiacret dianalisis gugus fungsinya menggunakan FTIR, dan uji fotostabilitas menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Berdasarkan hasil interpretasi FTIR diketahui bahwa ekstrak bunga kiacret mengandung gugus fungsi O-H, C=C, C-H alifatik, C-H aromatik dan C-O. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak tersebut mengandung senyawa flavonoid yang didukung oleh hasil uji kualitatif yang positif. Berdasarkan uji fotostabilitas diketahui bahwa degradasi ekstrak dan ekstrak-kaolin mengikuti reaksi orde 1. Konstanta laju degradasi terkecil pada variasi 100 mg kaolin 0,015 jam-1 dengan waktu paruh 46,21 jam. Oleh karena itu, penambahan kaolin dengan massa tertentu dapat meningkatkan fotostabilitas ekstrak dan diharapkan meningkatkan durasi penggunaan DSSC.
Ekstraksi Pektin Kulit Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) dengan Pelarut Asam Sitrat dan Aplikasinya sebagai Polimer Plastik Biodegradable
Authors: Kurniawan Muhammad Fariez , Adenia Zahra 
Published: August 2022

Pektin yang terdapat di dalam kulit buah naga dapat berpotensi menjadi salah satu bahan dasar pembuatan plastik biodegradable yang bermanfaat untuk mengurangi dampak kerusakan lingkungan karena penggunaan plastik yang berlebihan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi 0,5 dan 1 N, suhu 60 dan 70˚C, dan waktu ekstraksi 30 dan 60 menit terhadap karakteristik pektin yang dihasilkan dari kulit buah naga. Metode yang digunakan adalah ekstraksi dengan pelarut asam sitrat lalu dilakukan pengendapan menggunakan alkohol 96% kemudian dikeringkan pada suhu 60˚C. Pektin kering dikarakterisasi dan hasil yang optimal dilanjutkan untuk dibuat polimer plastik biodegradable. Karakteristik pektin yang dianalisis adalah rendemen pektin yang dihasilkan, berat ekivalen, kadar metoksil, kadar asam galakturonat, dan derajat esterifikasi. Polimer yang dihasilkan diamati sifat mekanisnya secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendemen pektin yang dihasilkan berkisar antara 4,55– 15,67% dengan rendemen terbanyak pada konsentrasi 1 N pada suhu 60˚C selama 60 menit sebanyak 15,67%. Berat ekivalen berkisar antara 204,48-558,68 dengan nilai tertinggi dari variasi perlakuan 0,5 N pada suhu 60˚C selama 30 menit. Pektin bermetoksil rendah dan tinggi berkisar antara 5,95%-8,97%. Kadar asam galakturonat berkisar antara 292,46%-489,78%. Derajat esterifikasi berkisar antara 7,00%-15,70% dan termasuk pektin ester rendah. Polimer plastik biodegradable diperoleh dari pektin dengan kondisi konsentrasi 0,5 N pada suhu 60˚C selama 30 menit dan pada suhu 70˚C selama 60 menit. Polimer dari kondisi 0,5 N, 60˚C, 30 menit dan 0,5 N, 70˚C, 60 menit berwarna kecoklatan, transparan, dan memiliki nilai permeabilitas uap air yang cukup tinggi. Polimer dari kondisi 0,5 N, 70˚C, 60 menit memiliki sifat mekanis yang lebih baik karena lebih elastis.
Moringa Jamu (Recipe Formulation, Hedonic Test And Nutrition)
Authors: Trisdayanti Ni Putu Eka , Atmaja I Made Purwa Dana 
Published: August 2022

Consumption of natural immune-boosting foods/drinks without preservatives such as jamu is a very good thing. Jamu processing is carried out from generation to generation based on ancestral recipes, and uses existing natural ingredients. However, over time the existence of jamu began to decline due to the circulation of modern medicines. In fact, jamu is not just a traditional medicine, but one of the efforts to maintain the biodiversity of the Indonesian nation. Therefore, it is important to bring jamu to the family menu in order to maintain the existence of jamu and its development. In addition, during the pandemic, people requires strong stamina, hence the researchers are interested in conducting research on jamu, especially moringa jamu, because moringa jamu is not yet common in the community. The author conducted an experiment on processing moringa jamu to get a recipe formulation, hedonic test (preference test) on 100 panelists with 3 hedonic scales namely very like, like, and dislike, as well as nutrition tests (carbohydrates, protein, fat, calories, vitamin C, and antioxidants). The results of this study are the formulation of the moringa jamu recipe, namely 100 g of moringa leaves, 1 liter of water, 20 g of tamarind, 100 g of brown sugar, 5 g of salt, lime (optional). The method of processing moringa jamu is by heating 500 ml of water, tamarind, brown sugar, and salt, then set aside, blend the moringa leaves, add 500 ml of water, and then heat it, mix them and then filter. The results of the hedonic test of moringa jamu, namely 61% of panelists said they really liked it, 39% of panelists said they liked it, and 0% dislikes it. The nutritional content of moringa jamu is 8.43% bw of carbohydrates, 1.41%bw of protein, 0.05% bw of fat 39.79 kcal calories.
Tradition of Sesaji Rewandaat Goa Kreo as local wisdom
Authors: Fauzia Sifa Destry , Abdullah Wakit , Purnanto Dwi 
Published: August 2022

Sesaji Rewanda tradition is a ceremonial ritual performed by the Gunungpati community in Goa Kreo which is an annual event on the fifth day of Shawwal a month in the Islamic calendar. The ritual ceremony of Sesaji Rewanda is a symbol of respect for the ancestors of the monkeys who had helped Sunan Kalijaga when taking teak wood to be used as the main pillar of the 'saka guru' at the Great Mosque of Demak. This study used descriptive methods with qualitative study forms. The data collection in this study utilized participation observation techniques, in-depth interviews, library studies, and documents. The data obtained were analyzed with an ethnolinguistic approach, then the data analysis technique was completed by ethnographic analysis methods covering domains, taxonomy, and components. In addition, informal and formal methods were applied in presenting data. The results of the study obtained the use of the term in the tradition of Sesaji Rewanda in Gunungpati. The terms used in traditional rituals are classified in monomorphemic and polymorphemic forms (fixation and composition). Through an ethnolinguistic approach, the traditional term Sesaji Rewanda contains lexical and cultural meanings. The mindset of the Gunungpati community is reflected in the terms used in the ritual tradition of Sesaji Rewanda. The use of terms in the lexicon of Sesaji Rewanda can be put as a guide or paradigm of life in behaving and living by the Gunungpati community.
On the safe handling of animals in pre-revolutionary Russia
Authors: Doynikov P. I. 
Published: August 2022

The relationship between human society and the animal world is on the verge of a fundamental, qualitative reboot! When analyzing the prospects for changes in the legal status of animals in the Russian Federation, it is customary to turn to Western European experience. At the same time, the fact that pre-revolutionary Russian jurisprudence considered the problems of protecting animals from harsh treatment through the legalization of their rights is either forgotten or deliberately suppressed. In part, this oblivion is explained by the ideological alienation of the Soviet legal ideology of the institutionalization of the legal personality of animals, and the approximation of their legal status to the legal status of man.Progressive-minded practicing lawyers, as well as legal theorists, need to get rid of ideas about the bourgeois pseudoscience of owning animal rights and stop considering animals exclusively as things. The theoretical support in this paradigm shift of public consciousness is the views of Russian humanist jurists of the late XIX-early XX century.In this article, the ideas about changing the legal status of animals contained in the works of Y. Levandovsky, P.V. Bezobrazov, S. Fischer are consistently analyzed. Giving an idea that before the revolution of 1917, domestic jurisprudence was in the trend of global trends, the humanization of relations between human society and the animal world. Expressed in the desire of the most liberal and progressive part of jurists to legalize the natural rights of animals, that is, to guarantee them the right to life. After a long period of oblivion, the ideas of the validity of animal rights have become the property of caring environmentalists, as well as truly liberal-oriented jurists of modern Russia.
To study the efficacy of AG CUFFILL (Digital) compared to that of standard PORTEX cuff inflator/pressure analog gauge for the measurement of endotracheal tube cuff pressure
Authors: Shetti Akshaya N. , Vijayakumar Veena , Singla Bhavika 
Published: August 2022

Endotracheal tube (ETT) is commonly used to provide positive pressure ventilation. ETT cuff pressure is maintained within a range of 20 to 30 cmH2O. High pressure affects micro-circulation and integrity of the tracheal mucosa, resulting in complications. The cuff pressure is measured by connecting a pressure gauge device to pilot balloon. Two variety devices are available; analog or digital manometers. Present study is used to study the efficacy of AG CUFFILLL (Digital) compared with standard PORTEX Cuff inflator/pressure gauge (Analog) for the measurement of ETT cuff pressure.This study was conducted after obtaining institutional ethical clearance and written informed consent.100 patients between the age of 18-70yrs who fulfilled inclusion criteria. We measured ETT cuff pressure using AG CUFFILL (Digital) and standard PORTEX Cuff inflator/pressure gauge and compared the pressure recording of the two equipment and we studied ease of use for both.Out of 100 patients between the age of 18-70yrs, 61 patients (61%) were male and 39 patients (39%) were female. Mean cuff pressure of ETT using AG CUFFILL was 36.29±6.36 cmH2O and in PORTEX was 33.97±6.16cm H2O. Mean difference in the values between the cuff pressure measured by AG CUFFILL and PORTEX was ± 2.67. Comparing the two devices, it was noticed that in 05 (5%) patients measuring ETT cuff pressure using AG CUFFILL was difficult as the values were fluctuating. Based on results, authors recommend AG CUFFILL for ETT cuff pressure measurement owing to its accuracy, non-bulky, and ease to carry.
National Exam Elimination Policy by Student during The COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Nuha Zaki Ulien 
Published: August 2022

Abstract. This study aims to find out the impact of the elimination of national examinations according to junior high school students during the covid-19 pandemic in Batu. This type of research is descriptive analysis with qualitative approach. Data analysis in this study uses source triangulation. Data analysis is taken by reducing data, summarizing all data results, and presented in narrative form and then concluded. The number of research subjects was 6 junior high school students in Batu, as well as data collection techniques, namely observation and interviews. Data analysis in this study is in the form of presentation of data in a short description. The results of data analysis showed that in the implementation of national examinations there is a positive impact that students are encouraged to actively study and negative impacts that students experience psychological and mental pressures because they have to master the learning materials to be tested. Students' graduation is seen from the national test scores to apply to the intended school. This happens so that a policy arises that is the elimination of national examinations.Keywords: Policies, National Examinations, Students, Covid-19 Pandemic Period.