bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post-acute cardiac complications following SARS-CoV-2 infection in partial lipodystrophy due to LMNA gene p.R349W mutation
Authors: Ceccarini G. , Gilio D. , Magno S. , Pelosini C. , Leverone M. , Miceli C. , Barison A. , Fabiani I. , Emdin M. , Santini F. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
SARS-CoV-2 infection may cause varying degrees of cardiac injury and the presence of underlying cardiovascular morbidities contributes to the frequency and severity of occurrence of this complication.
Lipodystrophy syndromes are frequently characterized by severe metabolic derangements that represent relevant cardiovascular risk factors. Besides causing lipodystrophy, mutations in the lamin A/C (LMNA) gene can lead to a wide spectrum of tissue-specific disorders including cardiac involvement.

Methods and results
We herein examine the case of two patients affected by atypical progeroid syndrome and partial lipodystrophy due to a heterozygous missense LMNA mutation c.1045 C > T (p.R349W) who presented initially with mild COVID-19 and developed severe cardiovascular complications within few weeks of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Before being infected with SARS-CoV-2, our patients had cardiovascular morbidities (mild mitral regurgitation in one patient, ischemic heart disease with bifascicular block in the other patient) in adjunct to cardiovascular risk factors, but the SARS-CoV-2 infection contributed to quickly and significantly decompensate their balance.

Conclusion
These findings warn that patients affected by LMNA p.R349W mutation and likely other LMNA mutations associated with cardiovascular morbidity should be considered at extremely elevated risk of post-acute cardiological manifestations and should therefore undergo a vigilant follow-up after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Both patients developed COVID-19 before the specific vaccination was available to them and this unfortunate situation should remark the importance of vaccination coverage against SARS-CoV-2 infection for all patients affected by lipodystrophy, especially those with underlying comorbidities.
A Fog-Based Multi-Purpose Internet of Things Analytics Platform
Authors: Zschörnig Theo , Windolph Jonah , Wehlitz Robert , Dumont Yann , Franczyk Bogdan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractData analytics is an important component for the benefit and growth of the Internet of Things (IoT). The utilization of data generated by a variety of heterogeneous smart devices offers the possibility of gaining meaningful insights into various aspects of the daily lives of end consumers, the environment and weather, but also into value-added processes of business and industry. The potential benefits derived from analyzing IoT data can be further enhanced by advancing developments in streaming and machine learning technologies. A critical factor in the application of these technologies are the underlying analytics architectures. These must overcome a variety of different challenges that are influenced by technical, but also legal or personal constraints and differ in importance and impact depending on the IoT application domain in which such an architecture is to be deployed. Solutions presented by previous research address only a handful of these challenges. An important capability to address the variety of challenges that arise from this situation is the ability to support the hybrid deployment of analytics pipelines at different network layers. Consequently, in this work, we propose an architectural solution that enables hybrid analytics pipeline deployments, addresses the challenges described in previous scientific literature and can be deployed in various IoT application domains. Finally, we experimentally evaluate the proposed solution.
A stochastic programming model for the aircraft sequencing and scheduling problem considering flight duration uncertainties
Authors: Cecen R.K. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study presents a stochastic mixed-integer linear programming model for the aircraft sequencing and scheduling problem. The proposed model aims to minimise the average fuel consumption per aircraft in the Terminal Manoeuvring Area while considering uncertain flight durations for each flight. The tabu search algorithm was selected to solve the problem. The stochastic solution and deterministic solution results were compared to show the benefits of the stochastic solution. The average sample approximation technique was applied to this problem, and enhancement rates of the average fuel consumption per aircraft were 8.78% and 9.11% comparing the deterministic approach
What’s wrong with depoliticisation?
Authors: Romeo Graziella 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe tension between the cosmopolitan vocation of the economy and the national character of politics has lately reached a considerable level of pressure, as control over some political economic determinants of growth has been gradually acquired by European Union (EU) institutions at the expense of national political communities. In his book Authoritarian Liberalism, Michael Wilkinson calls this development a depoliticisation of fundamental decisions concerning economic and socio-economic relationships, a process which has culminated in the Maastricht Treaty. In my comment, I intend to explore the argument concerning depoliticisation, by examining the relationship between economy and politics from a constitutional standpoint. While I agree with the author that depoliticisation has been systematically translated into a political mode of screening decisions concerning economy behind the narrative of necessary and unavoidable developments within the European project, I take a difference stance on the meaning and risks of depoliticisation. I shall argue that a certain form of depoliticisation is intrinsic to any process of constitutionalisation understood as a reflex of a political will. I then shall explain that European constitutional culture’s anti-political prejudice may have at times transfigured depoliticisation into a technique to tame and restrict disagreement.
Applying the Prigogine view of dissipative systems to the major transitions in evolution
Authors: de Castro Carlos , McShea Daniel W. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIlya Prigogine'strinomialconcept is, he argued, applicable to many complex dissipative systems, from physics to biology and even to social systems. For Prigogine, this trinomial—functions,structure,fluctuations—was intended to capture the feedback-rich relations between upper and lower levels in these systems. The main novelty of his vision was his view of causation, in which the causal arrow runs downward from dissipative structures to their components or functions. Following this insight, some physicists and biophysicists are beginning to apply terms formerly used mainly in biology, such asevolution,adaptation,learning, andlife-like behavior, to physical and chemical nonequilibrium systems. Here, instead, we apply Prigogine's view to biology, in particular to evolution, and especially the major transitions in evolution (MTE), arguing that at least the hierarchical transitions—the transitions in individuality—follow a trajectory anticipated by the trinomial. In this trajectory, formerly free-living organisms are transformed into “functions” within a larger organic “structure.” The Prigogine view also predicts that, consistent with available data, the increase in number of hierarchical levels in organisms should accelerate over time. Finally, it predicts that, on geological timescales, ecosystems and Gaia in particular will tend to “de-Darwinize” or “machinify” their component organisms.
That’s Good News ☹
Authors: Beyersmann Elisabeth , Wegener Signy , Kemp Nenagh 
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The use of emojis in digital communication has become increasingly popular, but how emojis are processed and integrated in reading processes remains underexplored. This study used eye-tracking to monitor university students’ ( n = 47) eye movements while reading single-line text messages with a face emoji embedded medially. Messages contained a semantically congruent emoji (e.g., That’s good news 😊 tell me more), a semantically incongruent emoji (e.g., That’s good news ☹ tell me more), or a dash (e.g., That’s good news – tell me more). Results revealed that emoji congruency did not influence early fixation measures (first fixation duration and gaze duration), nor the probability of regressions. However, there was a significant congruency effect in total reading time and trial dwell time, showing that incongruence incurred a processing cost. The present results extend previously reported semantic congruency effects in sentence reading to the processing of emojis. This result suggests that the semantic content conveyed by face emojis is integrated with sentence context late in processing. We further found that the use of congruent emojis improved the relationship between sender and receiver: Ratings collected separately suggested that message senders were liked better if they included congruent than incongruent emojis. Overall, emojis attracted attention: Participants were twice as likely to fixate on emojis than on dashes, and to fixate on emojis for longer.
Elasticity of Hydrated Al‐Bearing Stishovite and Post‐Stishovite: Implications for Understanding Regional Seismic VS Anomalies Along Subducting Slabs in the Lower Mantle
Authors: Zhang Yanyao , Fu Suyu , Karato Shun‐ichiro , Okuchi Takuo , Chariton Stella , Prakapenka Vitali B. , Lin Jung‐Fu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSeismic studies have found seismic scatterers with −2 to −12% shear velocity anomalies along some subducting slabs at 700–1900 km depth. The ferroelastic post‐stishovite transition in subducted mid‐ocean ridge basalt (MORB) has been linked to these seismic features, but compressional and shear wave velocities (VP and VS) and full elastic moduli (Cij) of Al,H‐bearing stishovite and post‐stishovite at high pressure remain uncertain. Here we have determined Raman shifts of optic modes and equation of state parameters of two hydrated Al‐bearing stishovite crystals, Al1.3‐SiO2 (1.34 mol% Al and 0.55 mol% H) and Al2.1‐SiO2 (2.10 mol% Al and 0.59 mol% H), up to ∼70 GPa in diamond anvil cells coupled with Raman spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction. The experimental data are modeled using a pseudoproper Landau theory to derive full Cij and sound velocities across the post‐stishovite transition at high pressure. The Al and H dissolution in stishovite significantly reduces the transition pressure to 21.1 GPa in Al1.3‐SiO2 and to 16.1 GPa in Al2.1‐SiO2, where the transition is manifested by approximately 29% VS reduction. Considering that stishovite with approximately 1.3 mol% Al and 0.6 mol% H could account for 20 vol% in subducted MORB at the top‐lower mantle, the Al,H‐bearing post‐stishovite transition with a Clapeyron slope of 65 K/GPa would occur at about 1060 km depth with −7(4)% VS anomaly. The VS anomalies across the Al,H‐bearing post‐stishovite transition can help explain the seismically‐observed depth‐dependent VS anomalies along some subducting slabs in the top‐ to mid‐lower‐mantle depths including the Tonga subducting slab.
Using Stable Water Isotope Composition (δ18O and δ2H) to Track the Interannual Responses of Arctic and Tropical Andean Water Bodies to Rising Air Temperatures
Authors: Michelutti Neal , Hargan Kathryn E. , Kimpe Linda E. , Smol John P. , Blais Jules M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLakes in the Arctic and tropical Andes are experiencing some of the largest temperature increases on the planet with coeval marked limnological changes, but little data exist on water balance parameters from these regions. Here, we present a unique data set of water stable isotope composition (δ18O and δ2H) from a suite of 49 water bodies in the Canadian Arctic (Resolute Bay, Cornwallis Island, and Cape Herschel, Ellesmere Island) and the tropical Andes (Cajas National Park, Ecuador) spanning various years from 2009 to 2016. We show that an increase in air temperature over the study period resulted in evaporative enrichment of water isotopes in most Arctic sites highlighting the significance of evaporative losses to small Arctic ponds during the prolonged ice‐free summers now experienced in this part of the world. Exceptions include some Arctic waterbodies that received abundant snowmelt and large, ice‐covered lakes less prone to evaporation. Data from the Andean lakes indicated evaporative effects were minimal due to abundant precipitation. These data, in combination with limnological records and paleolimnological research from each region, provide a holistic view on how freshwater ecosystems are responding to recent warming in climatically sensitive Arctic and Andean environments.
Well‐Type Steady Flow in Strongly Heterogeneous Porous Media: An Experimental Study
Authors: Brunetti G. F. A. , Fallico C. , De Bartolo S. , Severino G. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSteady well‐type flow was monitored in an aquifer that was artificially packed in order to reproduce a given, highly heterogeneous, statistical distribution of the log‐conductivity Y. In particular, we focus on pumping tests carried out at 10 volumetric flow rates. The experimental arrangement was composed by a pumping well and several surrounding observation piezometers. The unique feature of this experimental study is that the high heterogeneity structure of Y is known fairly well. Thus, the study lends itself as a valuable tool to corroborate theoretical findings about flows driven by sources through porous formations, where the variance (in the present study equal to 3.79) of Y is large. Besides discussing experimental findings, we tackle the crucial issue of upscaling the hydraulic conductivity in a well‐flow configuration. In particular, we deal with the equivalent conductivity (EC) as that pertaining to a homogeneous (fictitious) medium which conveys the same volumetric flow rate of the real one, under the same boundary conditions. Hence, the EC can be identified straightforwardly by means of head measurements. Even if we show that the EC is a proper parameter to reproduce measurements, it is experimentally shown (in line with the theoretical results) to be position‐dependent, and therefore, it cannot be regarded (unlike groundwater‐type flow) as a formation’s property. This implies that the EC applies only to the configuration at stake. Then, we show that the EC, combined with a recent model of effective conductivity in well‐flows through highly heterogeneous porous formation, leads to a reasonably reliable estimate of , some limitations and approximations, notwithstanding. It is hoped that the present experimental study will be useful for other researchers who are engaged with similar research‐topics.
Inhibition of Cdk5 increases osteoblast differentiation and bone mass and improves fracture healing
Authors: Ahmad Mubashir , Krüger Benjamin Thilo , Kroll Torsten , Vettorazzi Sabine , Dorn Ann-Kristin , Mengele Florian , Lee Sooyeon , Nandi Sayantan , Yilmaz Dilay , Stolz Miriam , Tangudu Naveen Kumar , Vázquez David Carro , Pachmayr Johanna , Cirstea Ion Cristian , Spasic Maja Vujic , Ploubidou Aspasia , Ignatius Anita , Tuckermann Jan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIdentification of regulators of osteoblastogenesis that can be pharmacologically targeted is a major goal in combating osteoporosis, a common disease of the elderly population. Here, unbiased kinome RNAi screening in primary murine osteoblasts identified cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) as a suppressor of osteoblast differentiation in both murine and human preosteoblastic cells. Cdk5 knockdown by siRNA, genetic deletion using the Cre-loxP system, or inhibition with the small molecule roscovitine enhanced osteoblastogenesis in vitro. Roscovitine treatment significantly enhanced bone mass by increasing osteoblastogenesis and improved fracture healing in mice. Mechanistically, downregulation of Cdk5 expression increased Erk phosphorylation, resulting in enhanced osteoblast-specific gene expression. Notably, simultaneous Cdk5 and Erk depletion abrogated the osteoblastogenesis conferred by Cdk5 depletion alone, suggesting that Cdk5 regulates osteoblast differentiation through MAPK pathway modulation. We conclude that Cdk5 is a potential therapeutic target to treat osteoporosis and improve fracture healing.
Structural basis for PoxtA-mediated resistance to phenicol and oxazolidinone antibiotics
Authors: Crowe-McAuliffe Caillan , Murina Victoriia , Turnbull Kathryn Jane , Huch Susanne , Kasari Marje , Takada Hiraku , Nersisyan Lilit , Sundsfjord Arnfinn , Hegstad Kristin , Atkinson Gemma C. , Pelechano Vicent , Wilson Daniel N. , Hauryliuk Vasili 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPoxtA and OptrA are ATP binding cassette (ABC) proteins of the F subtype (ABCF). They confer resistance to oxazolidinone and phenicol antibiotics, such as linezolid and chloramphenicol, which stall translating ribosomes when certain amino acids are present at a defined position in the nascent polypeptide chain. These proteins are often encoded on mobile genetic elements, facilitating their rapid spread amongst Gram-positive bacteria, and are thought to confer resistance by binding to the ribosome and dislodging the bound antibiotic. However, the mechanistic basis of this resistance remains unclear. Here we refine the PoxtA spectrum of action, demonstrate alleviation of linezolid-induced context-dependent translational stalling, and present cryo-electron microscopy structures of PoxtA in complex with the Enterococcus faecalis 70S ribosome. PoxtA perturbs the CCA-end of the P-site tRNA, causing it to shift by ∼4 Å out of the ribosome, corresponding to a register shift of approximately one amino acid for an attached nascent polypeptide chain. We postulate that the perturbation of the P-site tRNA by PoxtA thereby alters the conformation of the attached nascent chain to disrupt the drug binding site.
Lupus enhancer risk variant causes dysregulation of IRF8 through cooperative lncRNA and DNA methylation machinery
Authors: Zhou Tian , Zhu Xinyi , Ye Zhizhong , Wang Yong-Fei , Yao Chao , Xu Ning , Zhou Mi , Ma Jianyang , Qin Yuting , Shen Yiwei , Tang Yuanjia , Yin Zhihua , Xu Hong , Zhang Yutong , Zang Xiaoli , Ding Huihua , Yang Wanling , Guo Ya , Harley John B. , Namjou Bahram , Kaufman Kenneth M. , Kottyan Leah C. , Weirauch Matthew T. , Hou Guojun , Shen Nan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDespite strong evidence that human genetic variants affect the expression of many key transcription factors involved in autoimmune diseases, establishing biological links between non-coding risk variants and the gene targets they regulate remains a considerable challenge. Here, we combine genetic, epigenomic, and CRISPR activation approaches to screen for functional variants that regulate IRF8 expression. We demonstrate that the locus containing rs2280381 is a cell-type-specific enhancer for IRF8 that spatially interacts with the IRF8 promoter. Further, rs2280381 mediates IRF8 expression through enhancer RNA AC092723.1, which recruits TET1 to the IRF8 promoter regulating IRF8 expression by affecting methylation levels. The alleles of rs2280381 modulate PU.1 binding and chromatin state to regulate AC092723.1 and IRF8 expression differentially. Our work illustrates an integrative strategy to define functional genetic variants that regulate the expression of critical genes in autoimmune diseases and decipher the mechanisms underlying the dysregulation of IRF8 expression mediated by lupus risk variants.
Arctic amplification modulated by Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and greenhouse forcing on multidecadal to century scales
Authors: Fang Miao , Li Xin , Chen Hans W. , Chen Deliang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEnhanced warming in the Arctic (Arctic amplification, AA) in the last decades has been linked to several factors including sea ice and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). However, how these factors contributed to AA variations in a long-term perspective remains unclear. By reconstructing a millennial AA index combining climate model simulations with recently available proxy data, this work determines the important influences of the AMO and anthropogenic greenhouse gas forcing on AA variations in the last millennium, leading to identification of a significant downward trend of AA on top of a sustained strong AMO modulation at the multidecadal scales. The decreased AA during the industrial era was strongly associated with the anthropogenic forcing, proving the emerging role of the forcing in reducing the AA strength.
Nanoemulsion-directed growth of MOFs with versatile architectures for the heterogeneous regeneration of coenzymes
Authors: Li Ke , Zhao Yucheng , Yang Jian , Gu Jinlou 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAs one of the most appealing strategies for the synthesis of nanomaterials with various architectures, emulsion-directed methods have been rarely used to control the structure of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Herein, we report a versatile salt-assisted nanoemulsion-guided assembly to achieve continuous architecture transition of hierarchical Zr-based MOFs. The morphology of nanoemulsion can be facilely regulated by tuning the feed ratio of a dual-surfactant and the introduced amount of compatible hydrophobic compounds, which directs the assembly of MOFs with various architectures such as bowl-like mesoporous particle, dendritic nanospheres, walnut-shaped particles, crumpled nanosheets and nanodisks. The developed dendritic nanospheres with highly open and large mesochannels is successfully used as matrix for the co-immobilization of coenzymes and corresponding enzymes to realize the in situ heterogeneous regeneration of NAD+. This strategy is expected to pave a way for exploring sophisticated hierarchical MOFs which can be competent for practical applications with bulk molecules involved.
Drying in the low-latitude Atlantic Ocean contributed to terrestrial water storage depletion across Eurasia
Authors: Shen Zexi , Zhang Qiang , Singh Vijay P. , Pokhrel Yadu , Li Jianping , Xu Chong-Yu , Wu Wenhuan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEurasia, home to ~70% of global population, is characterized by (semi-)arid climate. Water scarcity in the mid-latitude Eurasia (MLE) has been exacerbated by a consistent decline in terrestrial water storage (TWS), attributed primarily to human activities. However, the atmospheric mechanisms behind such TWS decline remain unclear. Here, we investigate teleconnections between drying in low-latitude North Atlantic Ocean (LNATO) and TWS depletions across MLE. We elucidate mechanistic linkages and detecte high correlations between decreased TWS in MLE and the decreased precipitation-minus-evapotranspiration (PME) in LNATO. TWS in MLE declines by ~257% during 2003-2017 due to northeastward propagation of PME deficit following two distinct seasonal landfalling routes during January-May and June-January. The same mechanism reduces TWS during 2031-2050 by ~107% and ~447% under scenarios SSP245 and SSP585, respectively. Our findings highlight the risk of increased future water scarcity across MLE caused by large-scale climatic drivers, compounding the impacts of human activities.