bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Society and people
Authors: Mostofa Shofiquzzaman 
Published: April 2022

Science and philosophy has a strong polar division from the very beginning of human civilization. People have been using the both to tackle down the issues and troubles of the society, domesticity and of personal levels. While the western has been seeking, practical solutions to the problems through science, The Arabs in spite of internal turbulence and external pressure have retained their strong individuality preferred to look at life in poetic and philosophical terms. The Arab has a dominance of religious biasness instead of scientific developments. The writers from the area also respected the same and have captured the spirit of masses, portraying their devotion to home and their blind fidelity to their rules. Arab writers have left freedom of expression with their own unconventional pattern and no amount of outside pressure or criticism has been able to divert them from it. The social, political and religious issues were very widely discussed in the works of some Arabic writers. One of the most notable one is Jibran Khalil Jibran, the paper aims to explore these social concerns through his one of most celebrated short story collections- “ "عرائس المروج "Nymphs of the Valley”.
comparative study on visual evoked potential (VEP) wave P100 latency in hypothyroid and euthyroid individuals
Authors: Dubey Namrata , Rai Pushpa , Arora Jyoti , Rai Neeraj , Budholia P. K. 
Published: April 2022

Hypothyroidism is classified as congenital and acquired according to the time of onset. Consequences of thyroid gland dysfunction also depend on the life stage at which they occur. Peripheral and central nervous system dysfunction are important clinical features of congenital as well as acquired hypothyroidism. Although thyroid hormone effects on the brain are most prominent in development, also in adult-acquired hypothyroidism symptoms such as sensory impairments, disagreeable smells and taste, slowness of thought and action, changes of speech, irritability, headaches ,sleep disturbances, confusion up to delusions and Hallucinations, impairments of memory, of vision as well as of hearing frequently occur. The most prominent and first significant clinical symptom to develop in hypothyroidism is a slowing of speech and of visual perception. These findings indicate CNS involvement in hypothyroidism. VEP may be a useful test to detect these changes in early stage of disease.
Factors influencing abortion decision making among undergraduate females at the University of Calabar, south-south Nigeria
Authors: Okon Okon A. , Ekpo Edet E. , Edu Eyong M. , Sylvester Abeshi E. 
Published: April 2022

Abortion procurement among adolescents is a major health challenge in developing nations. Not only because of the stringent abortion legislation in most of these nations but also because of the dangers of unsafe abortions. To examine the factors influencing abortion decisions making among young adults in Calabar. A stratified sampling method was used to select three hundred and ninety (390) female students from 8 faculties of the university of Calabar, Nigeria. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS-23TM. Frequency tables and Chi-square test was used for analysis. The level of significance was kept at a p-value < 0.05. 91 (23.70%) indicated that their friends constituted a pressurising factor in abortion, and 12 (3.13%) were influenced by their family members. 20 (14.71%) indicated that they were threatened, and 80 (58.82%) reported that their educational aspirations were a factor that led to an abortion. 76 (55.88%) indicated that the anticipated financial burden and the unintended responsibility of child-rearing was a factor. The poor relationship with the potential father was a factor for 48 (35.29%).
Analysis of clinicolaboratory profile and outcome in COVID-19 positive pediatric patients
Authors: Gaira Darshana , Singh Nutan , Bhatt Ruchi , Rawat Vinita , Bisht Abhinav 
Published: April 2022

COVID-19 infection in children has important public health, social, and economic implications, and even though children may have considerably milder symptoms than individuals >18 years of age, those infected seem to have the same levels of circulating virus in their body and may be as infectious as adults. The objective is to study clincolaboratory profile and outcome in COVID-19 positive pediatrics patients. This hospital based prospective observational study was conducted in the department of Pediatrics , Government Medical College , Haldwani Uttarakhand. COVID 19 Positive Pediatric patient from birth to 18 years from September 2020 to September 2021 were enrolled in the study. Referred patients were 1 in moderate, 3 in severe and 1 in MIS-C group. Expired patients mostly belong to severe category. 1 patient expired due to celphos poisoning and was diagnosed as covid-19 on routine sampling. In conclusion these laboratory findings and clinical features should raise strong suspicion of COVID-19 infection and severity and could be used as a useful predictor for planning treatment in children with moderate to severe illness.
Supportive care patterns in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Toghyani Raheleh , Hosseini Seyed Mojtaba , Alimohammadzadeh Khalil , Bahadori Mohammad Karim , Jafari Mehrnoosh 
Published: April 2022

The incidence of autism is increasing day to day and it has increased significantly in the last decade. There have been many studies on the treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in children. The objective of this review study is to have a comprehensive look at the existing patterns. This review was performed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) protocol. The databases of ISI, Scopus, Science Direct, Medline, Google Scholar, Magiran, SID, Iranmedex, pubmed and Cochran databases were independently searched by two researchers using MeSH keywords. We included the studies published in different regions of Iran from 2010-2019. The obtained data were analyzed using the meta-analysis technique. Then we extracted reference number, chronological order, sex, age in database. The type of study, the method of implementation, the type of treatment, the outcome and the level of parental involvement have been studied. A total of 35 articles were collected from which 22 articles were related to treatment patterns. The collected results were assessed in the intervention. In general, treatment models were structured and unstructured these models was used to specific age groups, or all age groups.
Comparison of the Results of Sodium, Potassium, and Chlorine Measured Through Ion Selective Electrode (ISE) Method in Different Devices
Authors: AKDAĞ Turan , KADER Saadet , DOST Hüseyin , ÜNLÜ Ali 
Published: April 2022

Objective: The measurements of electrolytes are an indispensable part of the routine tests performed in clinical biochemistry laboratories. In the present study, we aimed to measure serum sodium (Na), potassium (K), and chlorine (Cl) electrolytes via the ion-selective electrode (ISE) method and evaluated in terms of linearity, precision, repeatability, and accuracy levels in the Mindray BS-800M and Beckman Coulter AU5800 devices.
Material and methods: The serum samples were obtained from the healthy volunteers admitted to the Karapınar State Hospital for control purposes between January and April 2021. The sample probe was conducted using the same indirect method in the Mindray BS-800M and Beckman Coulter AU5800 devices, which is an individual sample probe for the ISE method.
Results: While the comparative measurements were performed on different devices, the correlations between the electrolytes were found as follows: Na [r=0.964, 95% CI (0.52-0.90)], K [r=0.995, 95% CI (0.09-0.12)], and Cl [r=0.972, 95% CI (0.69-1.12)]. Moreover, a correlation was also found between these results.
Conclusion: A consistency between the measured Na, K, and Cl electrolytes was determined on the different analyzers. Also, a positive correlation was determined between those electrolytes. We consider that further and comprehensive studies are needed to elucidate these results.
Elevated Serum Uric Acid to HDL-Cholesterol Ratio is Related to Cardiovascular Risk in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis
Authors: CİZMECİOGLU Ahmet , GÖKTEPE Mevlüt Hakan , AKAY ÇİZMECİOGLU Hilal , BIYIK Zeynep , COŞKUN YAVUZ Yasemin , ALTINTEPE Lütfullah 
Published: April 2022

Aim: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive disease in which frequent cardiovascular (CV) comorbidities. High uric acid to HDL-cholesterol ratio (UHR) results were quite notable in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis. Thus, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the UHR results in dialysis patients.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted with CKD patients, and the control group consisted of hypertensive patients with a normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Patients’ laboratory, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, and demographic records were obtained from the follow-up cases of two university hospitals’ internal medicine and nephrology departments. The patients' group then were divided into five subsets according to GFR.
Results: A total of 124 CKD patients and 127 control participated in this study. All CKD patients were also identified as pre-dialysis and dialysis. The cases of UHR, non-dipper blood pressure pattern, and nocturnal heart rate (HR) were increased in CKD compared to the control group. Per disease progression, the non-dipper HR and nocturnal HR were more significant in patients receiving dialysis with high UHR than in the pre-dialysis subset. In diabetic patients with an on-targeted HbA1c, those with high UHRs still had nocturnal diastolic BP elevations. Finally, there was not an exact stage-specific result for pulse wave velocity.
Conclusions: Based on our results, dialysis patients with high UHRs have higher non-dipper PR, nocturnal heart rate, and nocturnal diastole blood pressure, associated with CV risk. Moreover, effective diabetic management might not prevent CV risk in dialysis patients with high UHRs.
Investigation of Gastrointestinal Complications in Patients Given Enteral Nutrition
Authors: Gönderen Kamil , Er Döngel Hilal , Öztoprak Kol Elif 
Published: April 2022

Objective: While deciding on the route of nutritional support therapy, the cost-effective enteral route that preserves the integrity of the gastrointestinal system and supports immune functions should be the first choice. During enteral nutrition, many complications that may lead to the interruption of nutrition may develop. This study was conducted to examine the gastrointestinal complications that developed in patients who received enteral nutrition.
Methods: 300 enterally fed patients who were treated in intensive care unit and wards were included in the study. Patients’ age, gender, concomitant disease, diet, duration, type and amount of product, energy value, feeding route and developing gastrointestinal complications were recorded. Gastrointestinal complications and related factors in patients were investigated.
Results: Of the patients included in the study, 53.7% (n=161) were male, 35.7% (n=107) were between the ages of 66-79 years, and 92% (n=276) had at least one diagnosed disease. 77.7% (n=233) of the patients were fed by nasogastric (NG) tube, 50.6% (n=152) were fed by continuous infusion. It was determined that gastrointestinal complications developed in 40.7% (n=122) of the patients during the enteral feeding process, and diarrhea and high gastric residual volume were the most common complications. Aspiration and ileus did not develop in any of the patients. A significant difference was found between feeding time, daily amount, route of administration and infusion method, and gastrointestinal complications (P < .001; P = .041; P = .003; P = .005). No relationship was found between gastrointestinal complications and gender, age group, comorbid disease status, and the type of nutritional product according to energy content.
Conclusion: Gastrointestinal complications may frequently develop while patients are given enteral nutrition, which should be the first choice of nutritional support. The most common gastrointestinal complications encountered in this study were diarrhea and high gastric residual volume. It is thought that the duration of feeding, the amount, the route of administration and the infusion method may affect the development of gastrointestinal complications. Patients should be followed closely for complications.
Malnutrition Prevalence Increased During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Patients with Dementia: A Retrospective Study from the Geriatric Outpatient Clinic
Authors: Güner Oytun Merve , Ceylan Serdar , Öztürk Yelda , Koca Meltem , Okyar Baş Arzu , Balcı Cafer , Balam Doğu Burcu , Cankurtaran Mustafa , Halil Meltem Gülhan 
Published: April 2022

Objective: Individuals who are clinically vulnerable and older are more susceptible to severe consequences, either directly from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection or indirectly from the rigorous social isolation policies. Increased frailty, reduced quality of life, high level of stress, and increased depressive symptoms were observed during the social isolation period. Patients with dementia are more vulnerable to the direct and indirect effects of COVID-19. In this study, we have explored the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on nutrition in patients with dementia who were followed up in our outpatient clinic.
Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of dementia who were followed up in the geriatric outpatient clinic at our university hospital were included in the study. The risk of malnutrition was evaluated using the Mini-Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNASF). An MNA-SF score between 8 and 11 was defined as risk of malnutrition, and scores < 8 were accepted as malnutrition. A retrospective study was performed using the identified electronic records of 121 patients who were admitted to the hospital between March 11, 2020, and March 31, 2021.
Results: The mean age of the study population was 80.12 ± 7.12 years, and 60.3% of the patients were female. The MNA-SF scores decreased and malnutrition prevalence increased as the dementia worsened, and the difference before and during the pandemic was statistically significant (P < .05).
Conclusion: For patients living with dementia, COVID-19 restrictions, particularly those related to social isolation like social distancing and lockdowns, might not only have mental and cognitive implications but also disturb their already vulnerable nutritional status.
Role of Interculturalism in the Time of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kim Sangsoo 
Published: April 2022

This article reports on the results of online discussions held in February-March 2022 to share different perspectives on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis upon interculturalism. Organized under the title “The Role of Interculturalism in the Time of the COVID-19 Pandemic”, the editors of INContext invited scholars from various academic backgrounds. The aim of this discussion was not to provide practical solutions nor to draw a coherent picture of the current crisis provoked by the pandemic. Rather, it endeavored to test the possibility of analyzing this crisis in terms of interculturalism, thereby seeking the possibility of broadening the approach in general. There has been a large amount of scholarly research on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic upon global community in various academic fields. In order for intercultural studies to make a contribution to this task, it is urgent to encourage active exchange of opinions among those whose academic interests lie in cultural communications and interactions.
This article first summarizes some notable academic discussions on intercultural studies, including politics, education, art, and iterature. Comparing the opinions submitted for the discussions is the basis of the present research before drawing any significant academic implications. Among those who provided their opinions through various channels, five scholars were chosen to represent different aspects of the topic: the psychological aspect of the COVID-19 crisis; the implications of cyber literature access for youtheducation; the efforts of a regional community to maintain its creative spirit in arts and culture; and the crisis of liberalism in international relations. The contribution from these five scholars provided the basis for the case studies presented here and analyzed through an intercultural lens for the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on humanity.
Just as the scope of intercultural studies is shaped and enriched by contributions from many academic fields, the participants in the online discussions cited here also entertain the hope that this article will help INContext shape the agenda in the field of interculturalism and thereby spearhead academic endeavors to include divergent perspectives in the quest to understand humankind and the diverse cultural manifestations which are its reflection.
Hippotherapy as a way of improving motor performance in juveniles with infantile cerebral palsy
Authors: Kozioł Sławomir , Wróbel Piotr 
Published: April 2022

Animals have accompanied man for thousands of years and their role in human life has seriously evolved. Man had power over domesticated animals and decided about their fate, they were used as a means of transport and helped humans with the farming. There is a group of animals, known as companion animals, which are ranked high in human life. Nowadays, animals are more frequently utilized in different animal-assisted therapies. Hippotherapy as a therapeutic intervention exerts serious influence on those participating in its sessions, and it affects all interpenetrating spheres of human life. Therapeutic effects of horse-riding were already known in 400 B.C. Hippocrates claimed that horse-riding exerted positive effect on treating certain health conditions.
Equine therapists, over the years, have noticed significant benefits to their clients resulting not only from the nature of a horse but also from its unique ambulation. One can say that a horse during a therapeutic session becomes a precise stimulator of movement.
Thanks to a similar way of ambulation in man and in a horse, during a horse riding session the rider’s pelvis, trunk and the shoulder girdle are made to move according to the physiological pattern of human ambulation, so a person with motor disorders has a chance to learn proper human gait pattern without walking.
An artificial intelligence-based system assisted endoscopists to detect early gastric cancer: a case report
Authors: Lin Jiejun , Tao Xiao , Pan Jie 
Published: April 2022

Background: The mucosal changes of early gastric cancers (EGC) are slight and difficult to be recognized, leading to a high miss rate. Artificial intelligence (AI) systems have the potential to improve the detection rate of EGC. Here, we reported a case of EGC discovered by an endoscopist with the assistance of an AI system.

Case presentation: A 67-year-old male patient came to our hospital for Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) due to a routine physical examination. He had previously been healthy but was treated for a Helicobacter pylori infection two years ago. In the process of EGD, the AI system flagged a tiny mucosal lesion that was far away and was not detected by the endoscopist, and this lesion attracted the endoscopist's additional attention. After the close observation of the lesion, the AI system immediately gave a red prompt box, suggesting that the endoscopist further observe it. Under magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI), the mucosal glands and blood vessels of the lesion were found to be irregular, and this patient was diagnosed with suspicious gastric carcinoma by AI. Biopsy pathology showed that it was high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, and after endoscopic mucosal dissection (ESD), post-ESD histology confirmed that the lesion was a highly differentiated adenocarcinoma confined to the mucosa, with a lesion range of 1.1 cm × 1.0 cm. The patient was discharged from the hospital without any postoperative complications.

Conclusion: AI has been widely applied in the field of gastrointestinal endoscopy and has the potential to help improve the detection rate of early gastrointestinal cancers. We reported a case of early gastric cancer discovered by the endoscopist with the assistance of AI.
Escuchando a los actores de un microcurrículo de urgencias de Pediatría.
Authors: Mosquera Bibiana , Acero-González Angela 
Published: April 2022

The search for quality in medical education is a trend. We ask ourselves the question: what is the perception of the emergency rotation of the specialty of pediatrics? And as a general objective, we set out to develop a diagnosis of the current micro-curriculum of the Pediatric emergency rotation carried out by first-year residents, through the experience of the people involved with it. A qualitative study and purposeful sampling were designed following inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data was collected through focus groups in which 18 people participated (graduates, professors and residents). The presence of the study quality criteria was verified: credibility, reliability, validity, transferability and confirmability. After analyzing the groups, five categories were found: Curriculum management; Pedagogical processes and Evaluation at the rotation site; Clinical practice; Generic skills, Interpersonal relationships and well-being; and Relationship university - hospital and professors. At the end of the study, the current microcurriculum was diagnosed through the experience of its actors and several components of the current microcurriculum were found compatible with each of these categories, which will facilitate incorporation into the future microcurriculum.
La búsqueda de calidad en la educación médica es una tendencia. Nosotros nos planteamos la pregunta ¿cuál es la percepción de la rotación de urgencias de la especialidad de pediatría? Y como objetivo general nos propusimos elaborar un diagnóstico del microcurrículo vigente de la rotación de urgencias de Pediatría realizada por los residentes de primer año, a través de la experiencia de las personas involucradas con el mismo. Se diseñó un estudio cualitativo y un muestreo propositivo siguiendo criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Los datos se recolectaron por medio de grupos focales en los que participaron 18 personas (egresados, profesores y residentes). Se verificó la presencia de los criterios de calidad del estudio: credibilidad, confiabilidad, validez, transferabilidad y confirmabilidad. Tras el análisis de los grupos, se encontraron cinco categorías: Gestión curricular; Procesos pedagógicos y Evaluación en el sitio de la rotación; Práctica clínica; Habilidades genéricas, Relaciones interpersonales y bienestar; y Relación universidad – hospital y profesores. Al terminar el estudio se realizó el diagnóstico del microcurrículo vigente a través de la experiencia de sus actores y se encontraron varios componentes del microcurrículo actual compatibles con cada una de esas categorías, lo que facilitará la incorporación al futuro microcurrículo.