bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of robotic vs laparoscopic left-sided colorectal cancer resections
Authors: Hettiarachchi T. S. , Askari A. , Rudge E. , Hao L. T. , Sarwar S. , Dowsett D. , El Hadi A. , Shaikh Irshad 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRobotic assisted surgery
(RAS) has become increasingly adopted in colorectal cancer surgery. This study
aims to compare robotic and laparoscopic approaches to left sided colorectal
resections in terms of surgical outcomeswith no
formal enhanced recovery programme. All patients undergoing robotic or
laparoscopic left sided or rectal (high and low anterior resection) cancer surgery
at a single tertiary referral centre over 3 years were included.A total of 184 consecutive patients from July 2017 to December 2020 were included in this study, with 40.2%
(n=74/184) undergoing RAS. The median age at time of surgery was 68 years (IQR
60-73 years). RAS had a significantly shorter length of median stay of 3 days,
compared to 5 days in the conventional laparoscopic surgery (CLS) group
(p<0.001). RAS had a significantly lower rate of conversion to open surgery
(0% vs 16.4%, p<0.001). The median operative time was also shorter in RAS
(308 minutes), compared to CLS (326 minutes, p=0.019). The overall rate of any
complication was 16.8%, with the RAS experiencing a lower complication rate
(12.2% vs 20.0%, p=0.041). There was no significant difference in anastomotic
leak rates between the two groups (4.0% vs 5.5%, p=0.673), or in terms of complete
resection (R0) (robotic 98.6%, laparoscopic 100%, p=0.095). Robotic left sided
colorectal surgery delivers equivalent oncological resection compared to
laparoscopic approaches, with the added benefits of reduced length of stay and
lower rates of conversion to open surgery. This has both clinical and
healthcare economic benefits.
Global surfaces of section with positive genus for dynamically convex Reeb flows
Authors: Hryniewicz Umberto L. , Salomão Pedro A. S. , Siefring Richard 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe establish some new existence results for global surfaces of section of dynamically convex Reeb flows on the three-sphere. These sections often have genus, and are the result of a combination of pseudoholomorphic methods with some elementary ergodic methods.
Molecular Subtypes of Extra-pulmonary Neuroendocrine Carcinomas Identified by the Expression of Neuroendocrine Lineage-Specific Transcription Factors
Authors: Metovic Jasna , La Salvia Anna , Rapa Ida , Napoli Francesca , Birocco Nadia , Pia Bizzi Maria , Garcia-Carbonero Rocio , Ciuffreda Libero , Scagliotti Giorgio , Papotti Mauro , Volante Marco 
Published: May 2022

AbstractExtra-pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas (EPNEC) represent a group of rare and heterogenous neoplasms with adverse clinical outcome. Their molecular profile is largely unexplored. Our aim was to investigate if the major transcriptional drivers recently described in high-grade pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas characterize distinct molecular and clinical subgroups of EPNEC. Gene expression of ASCL1, NEUROD1, DLL3, NOTCH1, INSM1, MYCL1, POU2F3, and YAP1 was investigated in a series of 54 EPNEC (including 10 cases with mixed components analyzed separately) and in a group of 48 pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (P-LCNEC). Unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis classified the whole series into four major clusters. P-LCNEC were classified into two major clusters, the first ASCL1/DLL3/INSM1-high and the second (including four EPNEC) ASCL1/DLL3-low but INSM1-high. The remaining EPNEC cases were sub-classified into two other clusters. The first showed INSM1-high and alternative ASCL1/DLL3 or NEUROD1 high expression. The second was characterized mainly by MYCL1 and YAP1 overexpression. In the ten cases with mixed histology, ASCL1, DLL3, INSM1, and NEUROD1 genes were significantly upregulated in the neuroendocrine component. Higher gene-expression levels of NOTCH1 and INSM1 were associated with lower pT stage and negative nodal status. Low INSM1 gene expression was associated with shorter overall survival in the entire case series (p = 0.0017) and with a trend towards significance in EPNEC, only (p = 0.06). In conclusion, our results show that EPNEC possess distinct neuroendocrine-lineage-specific transcriptional profiles; moreover, low INSM1 gene expression represents a novel potential unfavorable prognostic marker in high-grade NECs including those in extra-pulmonary location.
Clinical Outcomes of Biliary Drainage in Patients with Malignant Biliary Obstruction Caused by Colorectal Cancer Metastases
Authors: Kastelijn Janine B. , Moons Leon M. G. , Kist Jakob W. , Prince Jip F. , van Leeuwen Maarten S. , Koopman Miriam , Vleggaar Frank P. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background and aim
Malignant biliary obstruction is an ominous complication of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) that is challenging to solve. Biliary drainage can be performed to relieve symptoms of jaundice, treat cholangitis, or enable palliative systemic therapy. The aim of this study is to evaluate clinical outcomes of biliary drainage of malignant biliary obstruction in mCRC patients.

Methods
Consecutive patients with malignant biliary obstruction due to mCRC who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography or percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography were included. Patient, disease, and procedural characteristics and outcomes were retrospectively collected from electronic medical records. Radiological data were prospectively reassessed. Main outcome was functional success, i.e. achievement of the intended goal of biliary drainage. Prognostic factors for functional success and survival were assessed.

Results
Thirty-seven patients were included. Functional success was achieved in 18 (50%) patients. Seventeen (46%) patients experienced adverse events (suspected to be) related to the procedure. Median overall survival after biliary drainage was 61 days (IQR 31–113). No prognostic factors of functional success were identified. Performance status, presence of the primary tumor, ascites, ≥ 5 intrahepatic metastases, estimated hepatic invasion of > 50% and above-median levels of bilirubin and lactate dehydrogenase were significantly associated with poorer survival. Improved survival was seen in patients with technical, functional, or biochemical success, and with subsequent oncologic treatment.

Conclusions
Functional successful biliary drainage was achieved in half of the patients. Adverse events also occurred in nearly half of the patients. We observed a significantly longer survival in whom biliary drainage allowed palliative oncologic therapy.
Metastasis of Spindle Cell Malignant Melanoma in Gallbladder
Authors: Arredondo Montero Javier , Recreo Baquedano Ana Cristina , Bronte Anaut Mónica , Martín-Calvo Nerea 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMalignant melanoma is an aggressive neoplasm with a high tendency to metastasize.Gastrointestinal metastases, although described in the literature, are infrequent. We present the case of a 51-year-old male patient with a surficial spreading melanoma stage IIIc with BRAF mutation who presented a gallbladder outgrowth lesion, compatible with a polyp. A significant growth of the lesion was observed in subsequent TC studies and a laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed. The anatomopathological study of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis of gallbladder metastasis due to epithelioid and spindle cell malignant melanoma. The presence of a gallbladder lesion in the context of a patient diagnosed with melanoma should establish the diagnostic suspicion of metastasis, and an early extension study and laparoscopic cholecystectomy should be considered. The palliative surgical approach to avoid hepatobiliary symptomatology can be considered.
Optimal decay of the parabolic semigroup in stochastic homogenization for correlated coefficient fields
Authors: Clozeau Nicolas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe study the large scale behavior of elliptic systems with stationary random coefficient that have only slowly decaying correlations. To this aim we analyze the so-called corrector equation, a degenerate elliptic equation posed in the probability space. In this contribution, we use a parabolic approach and optimally quantify the time decay of the semigroup. For the theoretical point of view, we prove an optimal decay estimate of the gradient and flux of the corrector when spatially averaged over a scale $$R\ge 1$$

R
≥
1

. For the numerical point of view, our results provide convenient tools for the analysis of various numerical methods.
Produktionen der Gegenwart
Authors: Ramtke Nora 
Published: May 2022

Zusammenfassung»Productionen der Gegenwart« nennt Goethe Kotzebues Schauspiele abwertend und spielt damit ein autonomieästhetisches Kunstverständnis gegen eine populäre Literatur aus, die maßgeblich von ihrem expliziten Verweischarakter auf die historische Gegenwart lebt. Für Kotzebues Schreiben lässt sich eine tiefe Durchdringung von dargestelltem Zeithorizont und auf die Gegenwart berechnetem Effekt beobachten, die sich sowohl aus seiner Tendenz erklärt, aktuelle politische und gesellschaftliche Themen und Motive aufzugreifen und literarisch zu verarbeiten, als auch aus seinem expliziten Anspruch, schreibend auf die Gegenwart einzuwirken. Am Beispiel von Kotzebues Russisch-Deutschem Volks-Blatt (1813) und der Komödie Der deutsche Mann und die vornehmen Leute, einem »Sittengemälde« von 1817, in dessen Zentrum Arten und Entartungen von männlichem und weiblichen Patriotismus stehen, zeigt der vorliegende Beitrag, wie im Nachgang der Napoleonischen Kriege Publizistik und Komödie ineinandergreifen und Erinnerungskultur literarisch modelliert wird. Dieser explizite Gegenwartsbezug hat eine unmittelbare Auswirkung auf die zeitgenössische lokalspezifische Aufnahme und Beurteilung der Komödie in Berlin und Wien, wie auch auf die Kanonfähigkeit von Kotzebues Schauspiel im Allgemeinen.
Liberale Demokratietheorie in der Krise
Authors: Jörke Dirk 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungSchaut man auf den politikwissenschaftlichen Büchermarkt der letzten Jahre, so fällt eine deutliche Zunahme von Titeln ins Auge, die eine „Regression“, eine „Krise“, einen „Zerfall“ oder auch Anzeichen eines „Sterbens“ der liberalen Demokratie zum Gegenstand haben. Es handelt sich um Abhandlungen, die vor dem Hintergrund der aktuellen Welle des Populismus verfasst worden sind. Die These dieses Besprechungsessays lautet, dass in diesen Büchern mehr eine Ratlosigkeit über die Zukunft der Demokratie beziehungsweise eine nostalgische Sehnsucht nach einer vermeintlich intakten liberalen Demokratie, als es die Populisten noch nicht gab, zum Ausdruck kommt, als dass es den Autorinnen und Autoren gelingt, überzeugende Auswege aus der gegenwärtigen „Krise“ aufzuzeigen. Kompensiert wird diese Leerstelle zumeist mit normativen Vergewisserungsfloskeln, etwa, dass gegen die Krise der Demokratie nur „mehr Demokratie“ helfe oder wir alle gemeinsam gegen die Feinde der Demokratie aufstehen müssten.
Descriptive Analysis of Good Clinical Practice Inspection Findings from U.S. Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency
Authors: Sellers Jenn W. , Mihaescu Camelia M. , Ayalew Kassa , Kronstein Phillip D. , Yu Bei , Ning Yang-Min , Rodriguez Miguel , Williams LaKisha , Khin Ni A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) have collaborated in good clinical practice (GCP) inspections since September 2009. The two agencies operate under different regulatory frameworks for GCP oversight. No systematic assessments of GCP inspection findings have been reported.

Methods
We identified common inspections of clinical investigators, sponsors, and contract research organizations conducted by both agencies in support of marketing applications that had the same trial data submitted between 2009 and 2015. We grouped inspection findings into deficiency areas. We reviewed and compared these findings and calculated concordance rate for each deficiency area.

Results
Twenty-six clinical investigator sites and 23 sponsors/contract research organizations were inspected by both agencies in support of 31 marketing applications during this period. For FDA, the most common GCP findings were deficiencies related to Protocol Compliance for clinical investigator inspections and Trial Management issues for sponsor/contract research organization inspections. For EMA, deficiencies related to Documentation (including Trial Master File) were the most common findings for both clinical investigator and sponsor/contract research organization inspections. There was high concordance, of approximately 90%, for deficiencies related to Protocol Compliance for clinical investigator inspections and Trial Management for sponsor/contract research organization inspections between the two agencies. There was a concordance rate of about 70% for Documentation deficiencies for both clinical investigator and sponsor/contract research organization GCP inspections.

Conclusion
GCP inspection findings from 49 common clinical investigator and sponsor/contract research organization inspections were comparable, providing support for continued FDA-EMA GCP collaboration.
Can impulsivity evolve in response to childhood environmental harshness?
Authors: Kometani Atsushi , Ohtsubo Yohsuke 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that human impulsivity is an adaptive response to childhood environmental harshness: individuals from families of low socioeconomic status (SES) tend to be more impulsive. However, no studies have tested the evolvability of this reaction norm. This study examined whether (a) impulsivity is associated with higher fitness among individuals from low SES families, while (b) it is associated with lower fitness among individuals from high SES families. We assessed three indices of impulsivity (temporal discounting, risk taking and fast/slow life history strategy), childhood SES and five proxy indices of fitness (number of children, lifelong singlehood, annual household income, subjective SES and life satisfaction) of 692 middle-aged participants (40–45 years old). None of the results supported the evolvability of the impulsivity reaction norm, although low childhood SES was associated with lower fitness on every proxy measure. Impulsivity (operationalised as the fast life history strategy) was associated with lower fitness regardless of childhood SES.
10 PW peak power femtosecond laser pulses at ELI-NP
Authors: Radier Christophe , Chalus Olivier , Charbonneau Mathilde , Thambirajah Shanjuhan , Deschamps Guillaume , David Stephane , Barbe Julien , Etter Eric , Matras Guillaume , Ricaud Sandrine , Leroux Vincent , Richard Caroline , Lureau François , Baleanu Andrei , Banici Romeo , Gradinariu Andrei , Caldararu Constantin , Capiteanu Cristian , Naziru Andrei , Diaconescu Bogdan , Iancu Vicentiu , Dabu Razvan , Ursescu Daniel , Dancus Ioan , Ur Calin Alexandru , Tanaka Kazuo A. , Zamfir Nicolae Victor 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe report on the generation and delivery of 10.2 PW peak power laser pulses, using the High Power Laser System at the Extreme Laser Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics facility. In this work we demonstrate for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, the compression and propagation of full energy, full aperture, laser pulses that reach a power level of more than 10 PW.
Dynamic capabilities, strategic planning and performance: a virtuous and mutually reinforcing cycle
Authors: Araújo Gleycianne Rodrigues , Kato Heitor Takashi , Del Corso Jansen Maia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRecently, researchers have argued that strategic planning (SP) can be considered a dynamic capability (DC) in organizations – known as dynamic SP. However, the literature that discusses both SP and DCs supports different comprehensions of how both interact, resulting in different sets of research with contradictory findings. This theoretical effort presents a brief review and argues that SP is one of the microfoundations of DCs because it supports the seizing and continuous alignment of assets and resources. Under this perspective, SP has a role in the development and implementation of all organizational DCs and is not restricted to a DC specifically. It is argued that the interactions between DCs, SP and performance over time can lead to the learning needed for better DCs, SP and performance in a virtuous and mutually reinforcing cycle.
Tailoring competitive information sources to the sequence of dynamic capabilities
Authors: Markovich Amiram , Raban Daphne R. , Efrat Kalanit 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDynamic capabilities are central to firms' strategic decision-making and have received increasing attention in recent years due, in part, to the development of the information society. This research explores how web-based and human information sources interact and advance the development of dynamic capabilities. We use a mixed-methods approach executed in two studies. Study 1 reports insights gleaned from in-depth interviews with 12 senior managers. Study 2 provides the findings from a survey completed by 139 senior managers. The analysis indicates that the use of web-based and human information sources facilitates all dynamic capabilities types – sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring. Furthermore, sensing mediates the effects of the information sources on seizing and reconfiguring. This research highlights the strategic potential of using business information sources to advance dynamic capabilities while differentiating between the most commonly used information sources and inspecting their individual and synergistic effects on the advancement of dynamic capabilities.
Haemoglobin status to determine nutritional anaemia and its association with breakfast skipping and BMI among nursing undergraduates of Farasan Island, KSA
Authors: Sayed Shabihul Fatma , Nagarajan Sumathi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe present study was conducted to determine nutritional anaemia using haemoglobin levels of female nursing undergraduates studying at Farasan Island with the purpose to intervene at a point, before the potential problems become serious later in life. In total, 130 apparently healthy, female students of Department of Nursing were recruited by a random sampling method to collect information on socio-demographic, lifestyle and anthropogenic characteristics, and dietary habits including breakfast skipping. Haemoglobin content was estimated using Sahli's Haemoglobinometer and observations were interpreted as per WHO's criteria for anaemia. Body mass index (BMI) was recorded using a digital weighing machine. Correlation between haemoglobin concentration, breakfast skipping and body mass index of study participants was assessed by Pearson's correlation. Data analyses were done using Origin software. Overall, 51⋅6 % (n= 67) students were all together anaemic with 28⋅5 % (n= 37) had mild anaemia, 15⋅4 % (n= 20) moderate and 7⋅69 % (n= 10) had severe anaemia. Of these, 20⋅8 % (n= 27) were underweight, 63⋅8 % (n= 83) normal weight and 15⋅4 % (n= 20) were above normal weight (over weight and obese). The Hb content showed a positive correlation with the BMI and exhibited an increasing trend with increase in the BMI among study participants (P< 0⋅05). Questionnaire analyses revealed that the majority (96⋅9 %,n= 126) of students were taking junk food as bulk of their meal. A strong negative correlation was recorded between Hb contents and breakfast skipping tendencies (r= −0⋅987,P< 0⋅05). Findings of the present study are of high significance for public health professionals and educators to prioritise actions that could motivate these future nurses to adapt healthy lifestyles to strategically combat nutritional anaemia.
The ‘human element’ in the social space of the courtroom: framing and shaping the deliberative process in mental capacity law
Authors: Kong Camillia , Stickler Rebecca , Cooper Penny , Watkins Matthew , Dunn Michael 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe context- and person-specific nature of the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (MCA) in England and Wales means inherent indeterminacy characterises decision-making in the Court of Protection (CoP), not least regarding conflicting values and the weight that should be accorded to competing factors. This paper explores how legal professionals frame and influence the MCA's deliberative and adjudicative processes in the social space of the courtroom through a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with legal practitioners specialising in mental capacity law and retired judges from the CoP and the Courts of Appeal with specific experience of adjudicating mental capacity disputes. The concept of the ‘human element’ offers important new insight into how legal professionals perform their roles and justify their activities in the conduct of legal proceedings. The ‘human element’ takes effect in two ways: first, it operates as an overarching normative prism that accounts for what good practice demands of legal professionals in mental capacity law; secondly, it explains how these professionals orientate these norms in the day-to-day conduct of their work. The ‘human element’ further presents challenges that demand practical negotiation in relation to countervailing normative commitments to objectivity and socio-institutional expectations around professional hierarchies, expertise, and evidential thresholds.
Protective and risk factors for social withdrawal in adolescence. A mixed-method study of Italian students’ wellbeing
Authors: Beccaria Franca , Scavarda Alice , Roggero Antonella , Rabaglietti Emanuela 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis research project is aimed at identifying risk and protective factors of social withdrawal, by studying some areas of young people's psychological wellbeing. The study took place in a medium-sized town in the north-west of Italy. A total of 1,102 students participated in the study. An online survey was sent to all the students attending the second year of local high schools, then the results were combined with those from two focus groups involving young people and adults. The findings indicate that socio-cultural factors may be the reasons why social disengagement is so widespread. The societal pressure to be successful in every life domain may push young people, unable to conform, out of the competition. Bullying, negative school experiences and stress are associated with an over-investment of time on the internet, a harbinger of social isolation. This study's findings suggest the need to plan student initiatives, to identify the warning signals of the phenomenon.
Explaining Neural Transitions through Resource Constraints
Authors: Klein Colin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOne challenge in explaining neural evolution is the formal equivalence of different computational architectures. If a simple architecture suffices, why should more complex neural architectures evolve? The answer must involve the intense competition for resources under which brains operate. I show how recurrent neural networks can be favored when increased complexity allows for more efficient use of existing resources. Although resource constraints alone can drive a change, recurrence shifts the landscape of what is later evolvable. Hence organisms on either side of a transition boundary may have similar cognitive capacities but very different potential for evolving new capacities.
The Limits of Democratizing Science: When Scientists Should Ignore the Public
Authors: Schroeder S. Andrew 
Published: May 2022

AbstractScientists are frequently called upon to “democratize” science, by bringing the public into scientific research. One appealing point for public involvement concerns the nonepistemic values involved in science. Suppose, though, a scientist invites the public to participate in making such value-laden determinations but finds that the public holds values the scientist considers morally unacceptable. Does the argument for democratizing science commit the scientist to accepting the public’s objectionable values, or may she veto them? I argue that there are a limited set of cases in which scientists can, consistently with a commitment to democratized science, set aside the public’s judgments.