bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anatomical variation of the sacroiliac joint carries an increased risk for erosion and bone marrow oedema in axial spondyloarthritis
Authors: Ziegeler Katharina , Ulas Sevtap Tugce , Poddubnyy Denis , Proft Fabian , Rios Rodriguez Valeria , Rademacher Judith , Hermann Kay Geert A , Diekhoff Torsten 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the impact of joint shape variations on inflammatory lesions on SI joint MRIs in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA).MethodsA total of 1194 patients from four different prospective cohorts were evaluated, with 684 (57.3%) having sufficient imaging data for inclusion (379 axSpA, 305 controls). All images were evaluated for joint form, erosion, sclerosis, fat metaplasia and bone marrow oedema (BMO) by two independent readers. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association of joint form and lesions on imaging for axSpA patients and controls.ResultsAtypical joint forms were common in both axSpA (43.5% [154/354]) and control patients (44.2% [134/303]); both intra-articular variants and a crescent joint shape were significantly more common in axSpA patients (18.4% vs 11.6% and 11.0% vs 5.3.%, respectively; P &lt; 0.001). The axSpA patients with intra-articular joint form variants had 2-fold higher odds of exhibiting erosions [odds ratio (OR) 2.09 (95% CI 1.18, 3.69)] and BMO [OR 1.79 (95% CI 1.13, 2.82)]; this association was not observed in controls. Accessory joints increased the odds for sclerosis in axSpA patients [OR 2.54 (95% CI 1.10, 5.84)] and for sclerosis [OR 17.91 (95% CI 6.92, 46.37)] and BMO [OR 2.05 (95% CI 1.03, 4.07)] in controls.ConclusionsJoint form variations are associated with the presence of inflammatory lesions on SI joint MRIs of axSpA patients. This should be taken into consideration in future research on the interplay of mechanical strain and inflammation in axSpA.
Boosting working memory: uncovering the differential effects of tDCS and tACS
Authors: Senkowski Daniel , Sobirey Rabea , Haslacher David , Soekadar Surjo R 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Working memory (WM) is essential for reasoning, decision-making, and problem solving. Recently, there has been an increasing effort in improving WM through noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS), especially transcranial direct and alternating current stimulation (tDCS/tACS). Studies suggest that tDCS and tACS can modulate WM performance, but large variability in research approaches hinders the identification of optimal stimulation protocols and interpretation of study results. Moreover, it is unclear whether tDCS and tACS differentially affect WM. Here, we summarize and compare studies examining the effects of tDCS and tACS on WM performance in healthy adults. Following PRISMA-selection criteria, our systematic review resulted in 43 studies (29 tDCS, 11 tACS, 3 both) with a total of 1826 adult participants. For tDCS, only 4 out of 23 single-session studies reported effects on WM, while 7 out of 9 multi-session experiments showed positive effects on WM training. For tACS, 10 out of 14 studies demonstrated effects on WM, which were frequency dependent and robust for frontoparietal stimulation. Our review revealed no reliable effect of single-session tDCS on WM but moderate effects of multi-session tDCS and single-session tACS. We discuss the implications of these findings and future directions in the emerging research field of NIBS and WM.
Age-dependent modulation of oleoresin production in the stem of Sindora glabra
Authors: Yu Niu , Dong Mingliang , Yang Jinchang , Li Rongsheng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Plants produce specialized metabolites in various organs which serve important functions in defense and development. However, the molecular regulatory mechanisms of oleoresin production in stems from broadleaved tree species are not fully understood. To determine whether endogenous developmental cues play a role in the regulation of oleoresin biosynthesis in tree stems, anatomy, multi-omics and molecular experiments were utilized to investigate the change of secretory structures, chemical profiles and gene expression in different ontogenetic stages of Sindora glabra tree, which accumulates copious amount of sesquiterpene-rich oleoresin in stems. The size of secretory canals and the concentration of five sesquiterpenes in Sindora stems exhibited obvious increase with plant age, from 0.5- to 20-year-old plants. Moreover, α-copaene and β-copaene were found to be stem-specific sesquiterpenes. Metabolomic analysis revealed that salicylic acid highly accumulated in mature stems, but the content of triterpenes was greatly decreased. The expression of three repressors AUX/IAA, DELLA and JAZ involved in hormone signaling transduction pathways was significantly downregulated in stems of 10- and 20-year-old plants. Two key genes SgTPS3 and SgTPS5 were identified, whose expression was highly correlated with the accumulation patterns of specific sesquiterpenes and their enzymatic products were consistent with the chemical profiles in the stem. The promoters of three SgTPSs exhibiting high activity were isolated. Furthermore, we demonstrated that SgSPL15 directly interacts with SgTPS3 and SgTPS5 promoters and activates SgTPS5 expression but SgSPL15 inhibits SgTPS3 expression. In addition, SgSPL15 enhanced sesquiterpene levels by upregulating AtTPSs expression in Arabidopsis. These results suggested that sesquiterpene biosynthesis in S. glabra stem was dependent on the regulation of endogenous hormones as well as plant age, and SgSPL15 might act as a buffering factor to regulate sesquiterpene biosynthesis by targeting SgTPS genes.
Young Women's Health Initiative
Authors: Sardana Aayushi , Ascencio Janice Krystal 
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE:
A reflective conversation amongst the Jamaica Hospital Medical Center obstetrics and gynecology team regarding the misinformation we believed as young women resulted in a program focused on young women. The program was designed to provide young women with accurate information on their health and well-being. Equipped with this information, we believe that young women would be poised to make better decisions for their future.

PROJECT SUMMARY:
We discussed community engagement and outreach to target schools in the surrounding Jamaica Hospital Medical Center community. In the midst of the pandemic, when educational systems moved toward virtual and electronic platforms, the Jamaica Hospital Medical Center obstetrics and gynecology team established a virtual program to promote the health and wellness of young women in middle and high schools. To accomplish these objectives, the Jamaica Hospital Medical Center obstetrics and gynecology team created seven modules that cover the following topics: Module 1—an informational session that addresses female hygiene and other health-related topics for young women and girls. This session allowed the team to assess the knowledge of our cohort. Module 2—a tutorial on the anatomy of the female body to empower young women and girls to understand how their bodies work. Modules 3 and 4—two sessions focused on puberty and the associated changes young women and girls should expect. Module 5—a session focused on sexually transmitted infections and their long-term effects, both physically and emotionally. Module 6—a session focused on physical and mental health wellness (including topics that resonate with our cohort such as body image and eating disorders). Module 7—a session focused on breast health, specifically gauged to the needs of our cohort.
Each module required a commitment of at least 60 minutes, and, in some instances, a module had to be split into two sessions to ensure that the subject matter of that module was sufficiently covered. These modules were collaboratively developed from feedback provided by obstetricians in the community and educators at our target schools. The modules included interactive elements such as Poll Everywhere, videos, and diagrams that facilitated thoughtful and academic discussions.

OUTCOME:
We successfully implemented this pilot program in two classes (one middle school class and one high school class), with the curriculum adjusted to cater to its audience. We received overwhelmingly positive feedback from both the students and their educator liaisons.

RELEVANCE TO WOMEN’S HEALTH OR PHYSICIANS IN PRACTICE:
We recognize that this program is an important engagement tool to be shared with other communities to inform a wider audience of young women and girls.
Rating Spine Surgeons
Authors: Wanner John P. , Pennings Jacquelyn S. , Nian Hui , Sivaganesan Ahilan , Gupta Rishabh , Asher Anthony L. , Bydon Mohamad , Abtahi Amir , Zuckerman Scott L. , Devin Clinton , Archer Kristin R. , Stephens Byron F. 
Published: May 2022

Study Design:
This was an observational study.

Objectives:
This study aims to determine the correlation between patient-reported outcomes (PROs) pulled from a national spine registry and physician ratings from physician review websites (PRWs).

Summary of Background Data:
PRWs are frequently utilized by patients to make health care decisions; however, many PRWs appear to incorporate subjective experiences unrelated to a surgeon’s clinical performance into ratings. As such, their utility as a health care decision-making tool remains unclear.

Materials and Methods:
This study evaluated 8834 patients from the Quality Outcomes Database (QOD) who underwent 1-level elective lumbar spine surgery. The lumbar module of QOD was queried to rank 124 surgeons using PROs (Oswestry Disability Index, EuroQOL, Numerical Rating Scale—back/leg pain, and patient satisfaction). The QOD PRO-ranking system was compared against PRWs including Healthgrades, Vitals, WebMD, and Google. The Spearman correlation coefficients, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and multiple linear regression models were used for statistical comparison. The primary outcome was the correlation between PRW scores and PROs.

Results:
Surgeon PRO-derived ranking showed high intercorrelational congruence with coefficients between the 3 PROs (Oswestry Disability Index, EuroQOL, Numerical Rating Scale back/leg) ranging between 0.70 and 0.88. Low correlations were observed between PRO-derived rankings and PRWs, ranging from 0.23 to 0.37. Healthgrades performed most similarly to PRO-derived rankings, correlating best with patient satisfaction, though the correlation was low (ρ=0.37).

Conclusions:
While PRWs are often used to evaluate surgeon competency, these results demonstrate they poorly correlate with a surgeon’s clinical ability measured by PROs. PRWs should be used with caution when making health care decisions by patients, payers, and administrators.

Level of Evidence:
Level III.
Influence of Preoperative Depressive Burden on Achieving a Minimal Clinically Important Difference Following Lumbar Decompression
Authors: Lynch Conor P. , Cha Elliot D.K. , Jenkins Nathaniel W. , Parrish James M. , Nolte Michael T. , Geoghegan Cara E. , Jadczak Caroline N. , Mohan Shruthi , Singh Kern 
Published: May 2022

Study Design:
This was a retrospective cohort study.

Objective:
This study evaluates the association of preoperative mental health with the rate of achieving minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in patient-reported outcomes following lumbar decompression (LD).

Summary of Background Data:
Research is scarce regarding the influence of preoperative depression on the rate of achieving MCID for mental health, physical function, and pain among LD patients.

Methods:
A surgical registry was retrospectively reviewed for primary LD surgeries. Patients were grouped by depressive symptom severity according to the preoperative Patient Health Questionnaire 9 score. The association of Patient Health Questionnaire 9 subgroups with demographic and surgical variables was analyzed, and differences among subgroups were assessed. Achievement rates of MCID for physical function, pain, disability, and mental health were compared among groups at each time point using previously established MCID thresholds.

Results:
Of the 321 subjects, 69.8% were male, and 170 subjects had minimal preoperative depressive symptoms, 86 had moderate, and 65 had severe. Patients in moderate and severe groups demonstrated a significantly greater rate of MCID achievement for disability at 6 weeks and 3 months postoperatively. The severe group demonstrated a significantly higher rate of achieving MCID for mental health at the 1-year time point.

Conclusions:
Patients with any range of preoperative depressive symptom severity had a similar rate of achieving MCID for pain and physical function throughout 1 year following LD. The severe depressive symptom group had a higher rate of MCID achievement with disability at 6 weeks and with mental health at 1 year. This study demonstrates that patients with any preoperative depressive symptom severity have an indistinguishable ability to attain MCID by 1 year following LD.

Level of Evidence:
Level III.
Photobiomodulation Therapy With Different Wavebands for Hair Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Yuehou , Su Jianlong , Ma Kui , Fu Xiaobing , Zhang Cuiping 
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND
Photobiomodulation is a promising therapy for hair loss with negligible side effects. However, the reported effects of photobiomodulation therapy for hair loss are inconsistent.

OBJECTIVE
To assess the curative effect of photobiomodulation therapy for the treatment of hair loss.

METHODS
A systematic review of self-controlled studies and randomized controlled trials was conducted. ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Wiley Online Library were searched from the earliest date to May 30, 2021.

RESULTS
Thirty-six studies (966 patients) were included. Two to 4 meta-analyses with different indices were performed separately on 4 groups of studies to test the effectiveness of the following hair loss treatments: ultraviolet light for alopecia areata (AA), red light for androgenetic alopecia (AGA), infrared light for AA, and infrared light for AGA. All meta-analyses showed that treatments were superior to control (p < .05).

CONCLUSION
The meta-analyses strongly suggested that photobiomodulation therapies with ultraviolet and infrared light were effective for treating AA, and photobiomodulation therapies with red light and infrared light were effective for treating AGA.
Understanding Early Admission Processes: Implications for Physician Assistant Workforce Diversity and Healthcare Equity
Authors: Ackerman-Barger Kupiri , London Maya , Yi Amanda , Wilson Machelle , Fine Jeffrey , Kayingo Gerald 
Published: May 2022

Purpose:
Increasing diversity in the physician assistant (PA) workforce has been identified as a key priority by national PA organizations and PA programs alike. This study aimed to understand why certain applicants did not progress in PA program admissions by exploring common reasons for nonprogression and identifying any demographic trends.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective review of applicants over the last 5 consecutive admission cycles at the University of California Davis Physician Assistant program.

Results:
The most common reasons for denial, starting with the most prevalent, were low application score, bachelor's GPA <3.0, missing prerequisite(s), late application, and science GPA <2.7. Several associations between demographic groups and reasons for nonprogression were identified.

Conclusions:
The findings from a multicohort study might help programs consider these issues in their own programs and identify interventions to support underrepresented applicants.
Evaluation of Interprofessional Education on Effective Communication Between Pharmacy and Physician Assistant Students
Authors: Volino Lucio R. , Brust-Sisti Lindsay A. , Patel Sarah , Yeh Dipali , Liu Mei T. , Cogan-Drew Thea , Parrott J. Scott 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety (TeamSTEPPS) on student self-perceived competencies and perceptions of interprofessional (IP) communication and teamwork in a clinical case review activity. TeamSTEPPS is an evidence-based curriculum that is used to enhance and support IP healthcare communication.

Methods
A repeated-measures, pretest/posttest study evaluated physician assistant students' and student pharmacists' perceptions of TeamSTEPPS. Students completed Performance Assessment for Communication and Teamwork (PACT) surveys, evaluating teamwork, knowledge, attitudes, and skills perceptions before and after a TeamSTEPPS lecture and associated activity with peer feedback.

Results
Overall, 87.4% (n = 429) completed pre- and post-PACT surveys. Apart from the Mutual Support domain (p = .898), all changes were significantly positive (p < .004), with the greatest improvements occurring in the Attitudes and Perceived Skills domains.

Conclusion
TeamSTEPPS IP education, application, and peer feedback improved students' perceptions of multiple domains, including effective communication. Using TeamSTEPPS tools in IP formats enabled the students to safely practice and collaborate in preparation for clinical practice.
Manual route modification using an oblique method following automatic virtual bronchoscopic navigation
Authors: Inoue Takako , Kawamura Takahisa , Kunimasa Kei , Tamiya Motohiro , Kuhara Hanako , Nishino Kazumi , Odani Satomi , Imamura Fumio , Kumagai Toru , Miyake Kotaro 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Virtual automatic bronchoscopic navigation (VBN) systems to determine the route to peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs) in lung cancer can improve diagnostic biopsy yields. However, compared with VBN, drawing manual routes using computed tomography images, especially with oblique methods, can identify more routes. The Ziostation2 VBN system combines the benefits of these 2 methods; we evaluated this performance by comparing 3 different route-determining methods.
We retrospectively collected data from 50 patients with PPLs measuring <30 mm who underwent transbronchial biopsy with an ultrathin bronchoscope at the Osaka International Cancer Institute during January to December 2018. We compared automatic VBN (Ziostation2), manual route modification using an oblique method after automatic VBN, and manual navigation using a general application computed tomography viewer. Concordance between predicted and actual branching were determined. We also compared the predicted relationship between the terminal bronchi and the lesion by 2 of the methods with ultrasonographic images (radial-probe endobronchial ultrasonography [radial-EBUS]).
Manual modification after automatic VBN significantly increased the rate of determining routes to the target (66%) versus with the automatic VBN alone (32%) (P < .001). Expected route bifurcations were exact matches with actual branching in 45/48 of the patients using manual modification after automatic VBN. The predicted relationship between the terminal bronchi and the lesion using manual modification after VBN matched the radial-EBUS images in 35/50 of the patients.
Manual modification of routes to PPLs using an oblique method after automatic VBN predicted actual radial-EBUS route imaging and could help determine appropriate patients for bronchoscopy.
Effects of α lipoic acid combined with olmesartan medoxomil on blood glucose and oxidation indicators in patients with diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Jiao Shengfu , Dong Yuxia , Chang Xiang , Wu Yanan , Li Haifeng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background:
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common microvascular complication of diabetes, which poses a serious threat to the health and life of patients. There is evidence that both α lipoic acid and olmesartan medoxomil have positive effects in the treatment of DN, but whether the 2 have synergistic effects and the effects on blood glucose and oxidation indicators are controversial.

Methods:
This is a prospective parallel, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to study the effects of α lipoic acid in combination with olmesartan medoxomil on blood glucose and oxidation indicators in patients with DN. Participants will be randomly assigned to a treatment group, which will receive α lipoic acid dispersive tablets combined with olmesartan medoxomil tablets, or a control group, which will receive olmesartan medoxomil tablets combined with placebo for 4 weeks, followed up for 12 weeks. Observation indicators include: glycemic indicators [fasting blood glucose, 2 hours postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin], the oxidation indicators [serum glutathione, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxydeox-yguanosine], and adverse reactions. Finally, SPASS 22.0 software will be used for statistical analysis of the data.

Discussion:
This study will evaluate the effects of α lipoic acid combined with olmesartan medoxomil on blood glucose and oxidation indicators in patients with DN. The results of this study will provide a reference for the clinical use of α lipoic acid combined with olmesartan medoxomil in the treatment of DN.

Trial registration:
OSF Registration number: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/VJWXS
The prognostic significance of LTBP2 for malignant tumors
Authors: Zhao Jianmeng , Liu Xiaokang , Cong Ke , Chang Jinzhe , Shan Hongqing , Zheng Yuenan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background & aims:
At present, increasing reports have shown that latent transforming growth factor-β-binding protein 2 (LTBP2) was associated with the prognosis of many types of cancer. We performed rounded analysis to comprehensively analyze and evaluate the prognostic significance of LTBP2 for patients with malignant tumors.

Methods:
We identified relevant studies by searching database including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The odds ratio with its 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to assess the correlation between LTBP2 and clinicopathologic features or overall survival of patients with cancer. Hazard ratio with its 95% CI was used to explore the prognostic risk factors. The analysis was performed and assessed using Review Manager 5.2.

Results:
A total of 11 studies including 2322 participants were included in this systematic review. Pooled results showed that malignant tissues experienced higher incidence of high LTBP2 expression when compared with adjacent or normal tissues. Patients with high LTBP2 expression experienced significantly lower 1-year, 2-year, 3-year, and 4-year overall survival rate, with the pooled odds ratios being 0.26 (95% CI 0.13–0.53; P = .0002), 0.27 (95% CI 0.14–0.50; P < .0001), 0.26 (95% CI 0.13–0.53; P = .0002), and 0.21 (95% CI 0.06–0.73; P = .01) respectively. Univariate analysis showed high LTBP2 expression, tumor node metastasis stage, T stage, and N stage were prognostic factors of patients with tumors. Multivariate analysis indicated high LTBP2 expression was an independent prognostic factor.

Conclusions:
The present analysis suggested that LTBP2 may have significant association with survival of patients with cancer. High LTBP2 expression was an independent prognostic factor and indicated poor survival.