bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic impacts of physical disturbance processes in coastal marine ecosystems
Authors: Parvizi Elahe , Fraser Ceridwen I. , Waters Jonathan M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimCoastal habitats are among the most dynamic environments on earth and are highly vulnerable to large‐scale physical disturbance. Genetic studies of nearshore marine species are revealing long‐lasting signatures of major coastal disturbance events. We synthesize emerging data to highlight how physical perturbations can impact the phylogeographic patterns of coastal populations.TaxonCoastal marine and estuarine taxa.LocationCoastal regions around the globe.MethodsWe synthesize coastal genetic and genomic literature, focussing particularly on the phylogeographic consequences of natural disturbance events including uplift, tsunami, hurricanes, glaciations and sea‐level fluctuations. We focus on studies with clear physical analytical frameworks constrained by abiotic data.ResultsTectonic and atmospheric disruptions can be considered shot‐term events with major impacts on populations adjacent to the centre of disturbance, typically resulting in the evolution of shallow phylogeographic patterns. Long‐lived climate‐driven disturbances such as glaciations, however, operate over vast geographic scales and often drive deep evolutionary patterns in affected populations. We show that studies using genome‐wide data could better identify fine‐scale signatures of both past and contemporary habitat perturbations.ConclusionsRecent data reveal the interplay between physical upheaval and coastal phylogeography, indicating that disturbance can affect diversity, connectivity and demography of coastal populations. The interplay between long‐lived large‐scale disturbance and species‐specific biotic traits has shaped deep phylogeographic patterns of coastal taxa. Additionally, it could be argued that, at least for some regions, short‐term disturbance is the ‘rule’ rather than the ‘exception’, and thus, represents a key driver of coastal genetic patterns in disturbance prone coastal regions. Geo‐genomic approaches that combine genome‐wide data with explicit habitat models or disturbance history information have been particularly successful in explaining the drivers of coastal evolutionary change. We argue that future integration of genomic and physical data will be crucial for tracing evolutionary trends in fast‐changing marine environments.
Treatment of minor health problems by primary care nurses: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Fernández Molero Sonia , Laserna Jiménez Cristina , Baiget Ortega Andreu , Flayeh Beneyto Souhel , Ríos Jiménez Ana , Fabrellas Padrés Núria 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsTo assess the results of a nursing‐led program to treatment of minor health issues from Catalan health institute primary care teams during 2019 and 2020.BackgroundIn 2009, the Catalan health institute implemented a nursing program to deal with minor health problems. This nursing‐led program includes an algorithm for each of the minor health problems and arose as a strategy to reorganise the flow of demand for care in primary care.DesignA cross‐sectional design.MethodsMulticentric cross‐sectional study. 392 primary care teams from the Catalan health institute participated in the study. STROBE guideline was followed in reporting this study. Patients attending any of the participating centres requesting a same‐day consultation for minor health issues were registered.ResultsA total of 21,215,278 consultations were recorded: 18,284,105 for adult and 2,931,173 for paediatric patients. Minor health issue resolved by the nurse was achieved in 50.9% of adult patients and 55.4% of paediatric patients. The highest rates of resolution in adults (>85%) were as follows: burns, emergency contraception and injuries. The highest resolution rates (>84%) were as follows: burns, breastfeeding difficulties and infant colic. 87.7% of prescriptions issued by nurses were accepted by the family physician.ConclusionsThe nursing‐led program to treat minor health issues has been shown to present acceptable resolution for nurses in a large primary care setting. Nurses have been carrying out prescription activities with very favourable results.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study demonstrates that care provided to patients by nurses for minor health issues requiring preferential resolution is effective. Our results are useful in that they confirm both the effectiveness of the nursing‐led program for minor health issues and the pharmacological prescriptions produced during patient appointments.Patient or public contributionPatient's data were obtained through a program records system after the minor health issues appointments.
Quality of information transferred to palliative care
Authors: Kuusisto Anne , Saranto Kaija , Korhonen Päivi , Haavisto Elina 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesTo describe the quality of information coming from previous care units to palliative care.BackgroundInformation quality is an interconnected concept that includes different dimensions and can be viewed from different perspectives. More knowledge is needed from a multi‐professional perspective on the information quality coming to palliative care.DesignDescriptive qualitative study.MethodsAltogether 33 registered nurses, practical nurses, social workers and physicians working in palliative care were purposively selected to participate in thematic interviews. The research was carried out in six palliative care units in three hospital districts. The data were analysed by using deductive and inductive content analysis. The COREQ checklist was used.ResultsThree main categories with thirteen categories were identified in connection with the deductive analysis based on the Clinical Information Quality framework: (1). Informativeness of information coming from previous care units to palliative care included accuracy, completeness, interpretability, plausibility, provenance and relevance. (2). Availability of information coming from previous care units to palliative care included accessibility, portability, security and timeliness. (3). Usability of information coming from previous care units to palliative care included conformance, consistency and maintainability. Each category is divided into sub‐categories followed by narratives of their content.ConclusionsThis study provides new knowledge on the quality of information coming to palliative care from a multi‐professional perspective. Professionals working in palliative care units highlight issues describing good information quality, but also point out quality issues and areas for improvement.Relevance to clinical practiceThe results can guide the development of documentation practices and Health Information System development as well as be used in the generation of a new audit instrument of information quality.
The accuracies of three intraoral scanners with regard to shade determination: An in vitro study
Authors: Huang Mingming , Wang Yong , Sun Yuchun , Zhou Yongsheng , Liu Yunsong , Ye Hongqiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeTo compare the accuracies of three intraoral scanners for shade determination function in vitro, and to preliminarily investigate the shade‐matching characteristics of the three intraoral scanners.Materials and MethodsThe shade of the middle third region of each shade tab on the Vita Classical A1‐D4 shade guide (VC) was measured with a spectrophotometer (Vita Easyshade V, VE) and three intraoral scanners, including CEREC Omnicam (OM), 3Shape TRIOS 3 (T3), and TRIOS 4 (T4). A conversion table between VC values and CIELAB values was established from the database of VE to analyze the trueness. The reproducibility of the instruments was then compared by repeating the measurements five times.ResultsThe mean color difference for each instrument was highest in the OM, followed by the T4, and lowest in the T3 and VE, respectively. The L* and a* value for OM, and the b* value for T4, were significantly different from those for VE (p <0.05). The reproducibility of the instrument was highest in the VE (Fleiss’ kappa: 0.95), followed by the T3 (Fleiss’ kappa: 0.89), T4 (Fleiss’ kappa: 0.87), and OM (Fleiss’ kappa: 0.78).ConclusionsOf the three intraoral scanners, the trueness was best on the T3. The reproducibility of all the instruments was excellent.
Nursing turnover in a large, rural health system
Authors: Andreyeva Elena , David Guy , Griese Emily , Stansbury Ward Cheryl , Candon Molly 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeNursing turnover is a leading cause of inefficiency in health care delivery. Few studies have examined turnover among nurses who work in rural areas.MethodsWe accessed human resources data that tracked hiring and terminations from a large health system operating in South Dakota, North Dakota, and Minnesota between January 2016 and December 2017. Our study sample included 7,634 registered nurses, 1,765 of whom worked in a rural community. Within the health system, there were 27 affiliated hospitals, 17 of which were designated critical access hospitals. We estimated nursing turnover rates overall and stratified turnover rates by available demographic and occupational characteristics, including whether the nurse worked in a community with an affiliated acute care hospital or critical access hospital.FindingsOverall, 19% of nurses left their position between January 2016 and December 2017. Turnover rates were associated with state, nurse gender and age, and occupational tenure, but were similar in urban and rural areas. Of note, turnover rates were significantly higher in communities without an affiliated acute care hospital or critical access hospital.ConclusionBetween 2016 and 2017, nearly 1 in 5 nurses working in this health system left their position. Turnover rates differed based on nurse demographics and selected occupational characteristics, including tenure. We also found higher turnover rates among nurses who worked in communities without an affiliated hospital, which points to a potential but unexplored benefit of hospitals in rural areas.
Spontaneous clearance of a displaced root in the maxillary sinus: A case report
Authors: Mitchell Fraser , Ahmed Bilal , Saund Daniel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIt is important that both clinicians and patients are aware of the risk of displacement of a maxillary tooth into the sinus. Appropriate warnings should be given preoperatively and steps should be taken to reduce the chance of this occurring. Despite this, the introduction of a foreign body into the sinus is an unfortunate but real possibility during extraction of teeth. In the event that this occurs appropriate steps should be taken to manage this. We present a case of a patient that underwent extraction of his maxillary first molar, with the displacement of the disto‐buccal root into his maxillary sinus during the procedure. Subsequently the patient was referred to the Oral Surgery Department at Birmingham Dental Hospital and retrieval of the root was planned. However, the root was spontaneously cleared prior to surgery. Investigations, management and complications of this case are discussed. The importance of preoperative imaging to avoid unnecessary treatment is highlighted by this case.
Physical activity and antibody persistence 6 months after the second dose of CoronaVac in immunocompromised patients
Authors: Gualano Bruno , Lemes Ítalo Ribeiro , da Silva Rafael Pires , Pinto Ana Jéssica , Mazzolani Bruna Caruso , Smaira Fabiana Infante , Sieczkowska Sofia Mendes , Aikawa Nádia Emi , Pasoto Sandra , Medeiros‐Ribeiro Ana Cristina , Saad Carla , Yuk Emily , Silva Clovis , Swinton Paul , Hallal Pedro Curi , Roschel Hamilton , Bonfa Eloisa 
Published: July 2022

This prospective cohort study within an open‐label, single‐arm, phase 4 vaccination trial (clinicaltrials.gov #NCT04754698) aimed to investigate the association between physical activity and persistent anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies 6 months after two‐dose schedule of CoronaVac in autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) patients (n = 748). Persistent immunogenicity 6 months after the full‐course vaccination was assessed using seroconversion rates of total anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 S1/S2 IgG, geometric mean titers of anti‐S1/S2 IgG (GMT), and frequency of positive neutralizing antibodies (NAb). Physical activity was assessed trough questionnaire. Adjusted point estimates from logistic regression models indicated that physically active patients had greater odds of seroconversion rates (OR: 1.5 [95%CI: 1.1 to 2.1]) and NAb positivity (OR: 1.5 [95%CI: 1.0 to 2.1]), and approximately 43% greater GMT (42.8% [95%CI: 11.9 to 82.2]) than inactive ones. In conclusion, among immunocompromised patients, being physically active was associated with an increment in antibody persistence through 6 months after a full‐course of an inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine.
Hope in a time of world‐shattering events and unbearable situations: Policing and an emergent ‘ethics of dwelling’ in Lander Warlpiri country
Authors: Vaarzon‐Morel Petronella 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn November 2019, members of Willowra community marched on the local police station in protest against the police shooting of Kumunjayi Walker at Yuendumu. Expressing solidarity with family at Yuendumu, individuals breached the barbwire fence of the vacant police compound. Unlike settlements such as Yuendumu, which have had resident police for decades, Willowra police station is 1 of 18 Northern Territory ‘Taskforce Themis’ stations set up as a temporary measure during the 2007 Intervention. Although the police presence is recent and inconstant, Lander Warlpiri Anmatyerr people have long experienced the agonistic effects of police authority in their region—beginning in 1928 with the gunning down of their relatives by Constable Murray and his accomplices during the Coniston Massacre. No charges were laid against these murderers, a reflection of the moral economy and ‘politics of life’ of settler society at the time. Although policies have changed, the past reverberates in the present, as people find creative ways to survive the effects of totalising state institutions and punitive regimes. Furthermore, while locals might back a police presence at Willowra, they continue to assert the importance of Warlpiri Law. This paper reflects upon narratives and events that illuminate local perceptions of police and their role in the community over time. In the course of this account, the focus shifts from policing to people's hopes that unbearable situations might improve, as they use shields both as object and metaphor to deflect the weapons of the state and maintain the Warlpiri socio‐moral order.
COVID‐19 infection and complications according to ABO blood group in the elderly: A population‐based subcohort and meta‐analysis
Authors: Leache Leire , Gutiérrez‐Valencia Marta , Enguita‐Germán Mónica , Librero Julián , Gorricho Javier , Jericó Carlos , García‐Erce Jose Antonio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIt is reported that ABO antibodies have a role in COVID‐19 infection and severity; however, ABO antibody titres vary with advanced age. The aim was to analyse the association between ABO blood group and risk of COVID‐19 infection and complications in elderly patients, and to contrast this data with findings in the overall adult population.Materials and MethodsA prospective cohort study of the Navarre (Spain) population aged ≥60 years and a meta‐analysis of published studies including participants of ≥60 years were carried out.ResultsIn the Navarre elderly population, a higher risk of COVID‐19 infection was identified in the A versus non‐A and O group and lower risk in O versus non‐O, with no significant association between hospitalization, intensive care unit admission or mortality and any of the blood groups, results that coincide with those of the overall Navarre adult population. The meta‐analyses using studies that included participants of ≥60 years demonstrated a higher risk of hospitalization and mortality in A versus non‐A and a lower mortality risk with B versus non‐B. Similar mortality results were found in the meta‐analyses of the overall adult population.ConclusionThere are no relevant differences between the overall adult population and population aged ≥60 years in the risk of COVID‐19 infection and severity according to ABO blood groups, suggesting that age‐related changes in ABO would be of limited clinical significance.
Impact of Boundary Condition and Kinetic Parameter Uncertainties on NOx Predictions in Methane–Air Stagnation Flame Experiments
Authors: Durocher Antoine , Wang Jiayi , Bourque Gilles , Bergthorson Jeffrey M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of uncertainty sources in experimental measurements is required to develop robust thermochemical models for use in industrial applications. Due to the complexity of the combustion process in gas turbine engines, simpler flames are generally used to study fundamental combustion properties and measure concentrations of important species to validate and improve modeling. Stable, laminar flames have increasingly been used to study nitrogen oxide (NOx) formation in lean-to-rich compositions in low-to-high pressures to assess model predictions and improve accuracy to help develop future low-emissions systems. They allow for nonintrusive diagnostics to measure sub-ppm concentrations of pollutant molecules, as well as important precursors, and provide well-defined boundary conditions to directly compare experiments with simulations. The uncertainties of experimentally measured boundary conditions and the inherent kinetic uncertainties in the nitrogen chemistry are propagated through one-dimensional stagnation flame simulations to quantify the relative importance of the two sources and estimate their impact on predictions. Measurements in lean, stoichiometric, and rich methane–air flames are used to investigate the production pathways active in those conditions. Various spectral expansions are used to develop surrogate models with different levels of accuracy to perform the uncertainty analysis for 15 important reactions in the nitrogen chemistry and the six boundary conditions (ϕ, Tin, uin, du/dzin, Tsurf, P) simultaneously. After estimating the individual parametric contributions, the uncertainty of the boundary conditions are shown to have a relatively small impact on the prediction of NOx compared to kinetic uncertainties in these laboratory experiments. These results show that properly calibrated laminar flame experiments can, not only, provide validation targets for modeling, but also accurate indirect measurements that can later be used to infer individual kinetic rates to improve thermochemical models.
A Deployment Approach Toward Time-Energy Efficient Robust Performance for Interceptors
Authors: Banerjee Arunava , Saidi Abdelaziz Salah , Algethami Abdullah A. , Nabi Mashuq un 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes an automatic time-energy efficient robust control (ATERC) deployment approach for selecting either a near-optimal closed-loop control law or a robust control law based on the requirement of the system. The near-optimal closed-loop control law is designed by applying the population-based sine-cosine algorithm (SCA) to the considered interceptor problem. While the robust control law is formulated by using an artificial time delayed control (TDC) approach. In presence of external disturbances, the ATERC methodology deploys the TDC-based robust guidance law to the interceptor, while in the absence of such uncertainties the SCA-based near-optimal guidance law is applied in order to improve the time-energy minimization. This guidance approach also incorporates input saturation which expands its applicability. Using Lyapunov stability analysis, this work establishes an uniformly ultimately bounded (UUB) stability for the discussed system on application of the proposed control approach. Extensive simulation studies involving nonmaneuvering targets and targets performing bank-to-bank maneuver, affirms the efficiency of the proposed approach.
Hierarchical Biomechanics: Concepts, Bone as Prominent Example, and Perspectives Beyond
Authors: Hellmich Christian , Ukaj Niketa , Smeets Bart , van Oosterwyck Hans , Filipovic Nenad , Zelaya-Lainez Luis , Kalliauer Johannes , Scheiner Stefan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The main motivation for “hierarchical biomechanics” is that the wide variability of mechanical properties encountered at the macroscopic scale may be traced back to just a few “universal” or invariant mechanical properties of elementary components at a sufficiently small scale (such as collagen, elastin, and water in case of soft tissues; complemented by hydroxyapatite in case of hard “mineralized” tissues such as bone), and to the nano-and microstructures which the latter build up. This challenging task requires a physically rigorous and mathematically sound basis, as provided by Finite Element and Fast Fourier Transform methods, as well as by continuum micromechanics resting on (semi-)analytical solutions for Eshelby-type matrix-inclusion problems. Corresponding numerical and analytical mathematical models have undergone diligent experimental validation, by means of data stemming from a variety of biophysical, biochemical, and biomechanical testing methods, such as light and electron microscopy, ultrasonic testing, and scanning acoustic microscopy, as well as physicochemical tests associated with dehydration, demineralization, decollagenization, ashing, and weighing in air and fluid. While elastic scale transition and homogenization methods have attained a high maturity level, the hierarchical nature of dissipative (i.e., viscous or strength) properties is still a vibrant field of research. This applies even more to hierarchical approaches elucidating the interface between biological cells and extracellular matrices (“mechanobiology”), to cells interacting in complex biofluids such as blood, and to the intricate and highly undiscovered mechanics unfolding within biological cells.
North America's Midcontinent Rift magma volume: A coincidental rendezvous of a plume with a rift
Authors: Gunawardana Prasanna Mahesh , Moucha Robert , Rooney Tyrone O. , Stein Seth , Stein Carol A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The Midcontinent Rift of North America is a ca. 1.1 Ga, 3000-km-long failed rift that nearly split the Precambrian continent of Laurentia. Unlike most continental rifts, which are filled with a mixture of volcanic rocks and sediments, the Midcontinent Rift contains a large volume of flood basalts that were emplaced during both syn- and post-rift stages. Consequently, the Midcontinent Rift, which comprises the Keweenaw large igneous province, is the most significant positive anomaly on gravity maps of central North America. We investigated the mantle conditions required to produce this large volume of flood basalt and the observed two main stages of emplacement. To explore whether these magma volumes required a plume or, instead, could have resulted from the increased ambient mantle temperatures expected for the Neoproterozoic, we used a geodynamic model for a range of ambient mantle and plume temperatures under different scenarios of lithospheric extension. The most favorable scenario for the generation of both syn-rift and post-rift lavas combines a plume with excess temperatures between 175 and 225 °C introduced during the syn-rift phase and ambient mantle potential temperatures between 1393 and 1443 °C, with an initial lithospheric thickness not exceeding 150 km for 3 mm/yr extension rates.