bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new groundwater depth prediction model based on EMD-LSTM
Authors: Zhang Xianqi , Chen Haiyang , Zhu Guoyu , Zhao Dong , Duan Bingsen 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Groundwater resources play an important role in life, but the lack of effective management of groundwater resources has led to a regional decline in groundwater levels. How to curb the over-exploitation of groundwater and realize the sustainable use of groundwater resources has become an important issue for ecological environmental protection. Therefore, accurate prediction of groundwater depth is an important foundation for the rational use of groundwater resources. Based on the significant advantages of empirical model decomposition (EMD) in dealing with non-smooth and nonlinear data and the long-term memory function of long and short-term memory (LSTM) network, a coupled EMD-LSTM-based groundwater prediction model is constructed and apply to groundwater depth prediction of three professional observation wells. The results show that the maximum relative error of the prediction results of the EMD-LSTM model for the three professional observation wells is 5.00% and the minimum is 0.07%. The prediction passing rate is 100% and the prediction accuracy of the coupled model for groundwater depth is higher than that of the single LSTM model and back-propagation (BP) model. In conclusion, the model has high prediction accuracy and provides an effective method for the prediction of groundwater depth.
HIGHLIGHTS Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is a relatively novel data preprocessing method that can effectively reduce the non-smoothness of time series. LSTM is considered to be superior in terms of learning rate and generalization ability. The EMD-LSTM coupled model has better nonlinear and complex process learning ability in groundwater forecasting.
Changing the Substrate Preference of the Hydrophobic S4 Binding Pocket of Subtilisin 309 from Bacillus Lentus
Authors: Schiodt Jakob , Sorensen Steen Bech , del Osten Claus von , Breddam Klaus 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
The serine endopeptidase subtilisin 309 (Savinase® ) has a preference for substrates containing hydrophobic amino acids in the P4 position. Substitution of Leul35, situated in the hydrophobic S4 binding pocket, for the charged amino acid Glu alters the substrate specificity approximately 500-fold when comparing the ratios of
kcat/Km for substrates with Phe and Arg as the P4 residue. This factor can be further increased to 1700-fold by additional replacement of Ilel07 with Val.
The Therapeutic Benefits of Intravenously Administrated Nanoparticles in Stroke
and Age-related Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Farhoudi Mehdi , Sadigh-Eteghad Saeed , Mahmoudi Javad , Farjami Afsaneh , Mahmoudian Mohammad , Salatin Sara 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
The mean global lifetime risk of neurological disorders such as stroke, Alzheimer’s disease (AD),
and Parkinson’s disease (PD) has shown a large effect on economy and society. Researchers are still struggling
to find effective drugs to treat neurological disorders and drug delivery through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is
a major challenge to be overcome. The BBB is a specialized multicellular barrier between peripheral blood circulation
and neural tissue. Unique and selective features of the BBB allow it to tightly control brain homeostasis
as well as the movement of ions and molecules. Failure in maintaining any of these substances causes BBB
breakdown and subsequently enhances neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. BBB disruption is evident in
many neurological conditions. Nevertheless, the majority of currently available therapies have tremendous
problems with drug delivery into the impaired brain. Nanoparticle (NP)-mediated drug delivery has been considered
a profound substitute to solve this problem. NPs are colloidal systems with a size range of 1-1000 nm
which can encapsulate therapeutic payloads, improve drug passage across the BBB, and target specific brain
areas in neurodegenerative/ischemic diseases. A wide variety of NPs has been displayed for the efficient brain
delivery of therapeutics via intravenous administration, especially when their surfaces are coated with targeting
moieties. Here, we discuss recent advances in the development of NP-based therapeutics for the treatment of
stroke, PD, and AD, as well as the factors affecting their efficacy after systemic administration.
New Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl Derivatives as AChE, BChE, and LOX
Inhibitors; Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation
Authors: Esfandiari Roghayeh , Moghimi-Rad Parsa , Bule Mohammed Hussen , Souri Effat , Nadri Hamid , Mahdavi Mohammad , Ghobadian Roshanak , Amini Mohsen 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Inhibition of cholinesterase enzyme has been recognized as an important target
in the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.

Objective:
In the current work, a series of new N-(4-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl)phenyl)cinnamamide
derivatives were synthesized and their inhibitory activities against acetyl cholinesterase, butrylcholines terase, and Lipoxygenase were evaluated.

Methods:
The target compounds were synthesized as the literature reported with some modifications. The
AChE, BChE, and LOX inhibitory activities of the synthesized compounds were evaluated using in vitro
methods. The docking and kinetic studies were performed for the most potent compounds to evaluate the
inhibition mechanism.

Results:
The structural elucidation of the synthesized imidazo-pyridine derivatives was performed by
different spectroscopic techniques including IR, NMR, and Mass. Most of the synthesized compounds
demonstrated good AChE, BChE, and LOX inhibitory activities. The most active AChE, BChE, and
sLOX-1 inhibitors were found for compounds 4a, 4g, and 4l, respectively. The docking study also revealed that the three compounds, 4a, 4g, and 4l, have important binding interactions with the AChE,
BChE, and sLOX-1 enzyme active sites, respectively.

Conclusion:
The results of current study shows imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives have potential for
development of novel drug candidate for AD as AChE, BChE and sLOX-1 inhibitors.
Exploring Therapeutic Potential of 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Nucleus as Anticancer
Agents: A Mini-review
Authors: Bukhari Asma , Nadeem Humaira , Sarwar Sadia , Abbasi Inzamam , Khan Muhammad Tariq , Hamid Iqra , Bukhari Uzma 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Cancer is an uncontrolled, abnormal growth of cells and the second cause of death after
cardiovascular disease. At present, chemotherapy and related drugs have three major categories.
All three have characteristic action and toxicity levels of antitumor activity. Due to indications of
unwanted side effects, the exploration of novel and selective anticancer agents is crucially required.
Heterocyclic compounds have always played a major role in research for new drug discovery
and development. 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives are heterocyclic isomers having pharmacological
properties and play an important role as antiproliferative agents. The present review summarizes
anticancer activities of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives against different cell lines, such as
HCT-116, MCF-7, HeLa, SMMC-7721, and A549. The results showed that 1,3,4-oxadiazole and
its derivatives have the potential to play a major role as an anticancer agent with fewer side effects.
Remote Participant Recruitment for Pediatric Research During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Civitello Megan , Hogan Alexander , Almeida Sigrid , Brimacombe Michael , Flores Glenn , Hollenbach Jessica 
Published: June 2022

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic exposed significant vulnerabilities of traditional in-person recruitment methodology in the context of limited access to clinical facilities. Remote recruitment is a potential solution, but its yield and efficiency are unknown.

Objective
This study aimed to determine remote recruitment and enrollment rates for a pilot feasibility trial of an electronic monitoring device (EMD) for asthma in the pediatric population.

Methods
Children aged 4-18 years with persistent asthma receiving inhaler medications compatible with an EMD were screened for enrollment in a feasibility and acceptability trial. The emergency department (ED) and inpatient wards were identified as initial in-person recruitment locations prior to the pandemic. Owing to the COVID-19 pandemic, recruitment sites transitioned from exclusive ED or inpatient enrollment to outpatient primary care or pulmonary clinics in an attempt to increase enrollment rates. Study staff called families to determine their interest in the study. Patient age, race and ethnicity, insurance, contact attempts, and reasons for enrollment or refusal were recorded. e-Consent was obtained through the REDCap database, and baseline surveys were administered by telephone.

Results
Since November 2019, the study staff reached 147 out of 278 (52.3%) eligible families by telephone. In total, 37 (13%) families contacted were enrolled in the study. It took the study staff a mean of 2 attempts to reach individuals for initial enrollment but a mean of 4 additional attempts to complete consent forms. Of the families approached, 47% were Hispanic or Latino, 26.5% were Black or African American, 24.5% were White, and 2% were Asian. Among patients approached, 20% Asian, 16% White, 14.5% Hispanic or Latino, and 12% Black patients were enrolled in the study.

Conclusions
Telephone recruitment had a low yield across all racial and ethnic groups, averaging approximately 1 successful enrollment per 8 candidates approached. A substantial number of contacts was required to obtain e-consent forms and complete survey questionnaires after participants agreement to enroll. The study findings suggest that when there are barriers to in-person recruitment, remote recruitment is a feasible alternative, but the yield is relatively low, and enrollment requires persistent, repeated follow-up contact.

Conflicts of Interest
None declared.
Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic on Dermatology Outpatient Department at a Tertiary Hospital in Eastern China: A Pre-Post Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chai Dayang , Shao Chengming , Zhang Minjie , Ge Yongxing , Cheng Tingting , Cheng Tingting 
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic has considerable impact on health care system in the world directly. Although the pandemic has been effectively controlled, people's lifestyle, stress of job, economic status and health conditions have all changed. Therefore, it is unclear whether the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the distribution of diseases in dermatology outpatient department, especially in the post-pandemic era and how we should respond to these changes.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to asses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on diagnosis of dermatology outpatient department in eastern China.

METHODS

A pre-post study design was a retrospective study to assess the changes of diseases diagnoses from the outpatient department of Dermatology, Taicang first people’s hospital, Suzhou University, Suzhou, China in the 2021 (Post-COVID-19 pandemic) compared to the 2019 (Pre-COVID-19 pandemic). Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 23.0 and Excel 2010. The data were analysed by methods independent t-test and Pearson’s chi-square test. A two-sided p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

A total of 67,994 patients in 2019 and 67,288 patients in 2021 were included in the study. During the pre-pandemic year, the most common diagnoses in the outpatient department were urticaria, fungal dermatitis, acne, herpes zoster, seborrheic dermatitis. Urticaria, acne, allergic dermatitis, fungal dermatitis, herpes zoster, were statistically more common in the post-pandemic period. Acne, animal-related diseases, allergic dermatitis, insect dermatitis, alopecia, and verruca vulgaris diagnoses were found to increase statistically during the post-pandemic period when compared with the pre-pandemic period.

CONCLUSIONS

The COVID-19 pandemic had a minimal effect on the average yearly dermatology outpatients department visits, but the distribution of dermatology diagnoses was affected. As a result, governments and health departments may introduce innovative ways and training of medical teams according to the impact of the pandemic to ensure normal medical care.
Unmeasured confounding in nonrandomized studies: quantitative bias analysis in health technology assessment
Authors: Leahy Thomas P , Kent Seamus , Sammon Cormac , Groenwold Rolf HH , Grieve Richard , Ramagopalan Sreeram , Gomes Manuel 
Published: June 2022

Evidence generated from nonrandomized studies (NRS) is increasingly submitted to health technology assessment (HTA) agencies. Unmeasured confounding is a primary concern with this type of evidence, as it may result in biased treatment effect estimates, which has led to much criticism of NRS by HTA agencies. Quantitative bias analyses are a group of methods that have been developed in the epidemiological literature to quantify the impact of unmeasured confounding and adjust effect estimates from NRS. Key considerations for application in HTA proposed in this article reflect the need to balance methodological complexity with ease of application and interpretation, and the need to ensure the methods fit within the existing frameworks used to assess nonrandomized evidence by HTA bodies.
Aspek Hukum Perlintasan Sebidang bagi Penjaga Perlintasan Sebidang Dinas Perhubungan Kabupaten Bojonegoro
Authors: Oktaria Dhina Setyo 
Published: June 2022

Artikel pengabdian ini membahas tentang upaya pendidikan dan pelatihan terkait penjaga perlintasan sebidang dengan materi aspek hukum di perlintasan sebidang. Seorang penjaga perlintasan sebidang dinyatakan cakap apabila memenuhi kompetensi antara lain pengetahuan, kemampuan dan perilaku yang dibuktikan dengan sertifikat kecakapan dari Direktorat jenderal perkeretaapian (DJKA). Adapun tujuan dari pelaksanaan materi aspek hukum perlintasan sebidang dalam pendidikan dan pelatihan ini agar seorang penjaga perlintasan sebidang mampu tahu dan paham peraturan perundangundangan berkaitan dengan operasi kereta api khususnya tanda dan marka. Metode yang digunakan berupa pembelajaran secara tatap muka dengan memberikan penjelasan materi aspek hukum di perlintasan sebidang secara langsung kepada para peserta. Selanjutnya, kegiatan ini dibuka sesi tanya jawab sehingga pembelajaran lebih berpusat kepada peserta. Hasil dari pemberian materi aspek hukum di perlintasan sebidang kepada penjaga perlintasan sebidang dari Dinas Perhubungan Kabupaten Bojonegoro diharapkan semua peserta lulus uji kompetensi sehingga memperoleh sertifikat kecakapan sebagai seorang penjaga perlintasan sebidang dan memperoleh smart card, sehingga kompeten untuk menjaga perlintasan sebidang kereta api dengan jalan raya di Kabupaten Bojonegoro.

Legal Aspects of Level Crossing for Level Crossing Guard in Bojonegoro District Transportation Agency.
This service article discusses educational and training efforts related to level crossing guards with material on legal aspects at level crossings. A level crossing guard is declared competent if he meets the competencies, including knowledge, abilities and behavior as evidenced by a certificate of proficiency from the Directorate General of Railways (DJKA). The purpose of implementing the legal aspects of level crossings in education and training is so that a level crossing guard is able to know and understand the laws and regulations relating to railway operations, especially signs and markings. The method used is in the form of face-to-face learning by providing an explanation of the legal aspects of a level crossing directly to the participants. Furthermore, this activity was opened by a question and answer session so that learning was more participant-centered. The results of providing legal aspects at level crossings to level crossing guards from the Bojonegoro Regency Transportation Service are expected to pass the competency test so that they obtain a certificate of proficiency as a level crossing guard and obtain a smart card, so that they are competent to maintain railroad crossings with highways in the area Bojonegoro Regency.
Phytoparasitic nematodes as the major threat to viticulture
Authors: Malik Ishfaq Majeed , Tak Hidayatullah , Lone G.M. , Dass Wasim Muzamil 
Published: June 2022

Grape plants (Vitis vinifera L.), like other major horticultural crops, suffer from attacks by plant pathogenic nematodes. These parasites are a serious burden for viticulturists all over the world and lead to reduced vine vigour and crop yield. The major nematode parasites infesting grapevines include Meloidogyne spp., Pratylenchus spp., Criconemella spp., Tylenchulus spp., Helicotylenchus spp., Heterodera spp. etc. Besides these genera, some nematode genera like Xiphinema, Paralongidorus and Longidorus are known to transmit viral diseases in grapevines, as they act as vectors to many viruses e.g. grapevine fanleaf virus. These pathogenic nematodes are becoming an important element affecting vine health, vigour and productivity. The present paper provides a brief overview of the diversity of phytoparasitic nematodes parasitizing vineyards, some viruses transmitted to grapevines via these parasitic nematodes and also outlines the management practices like crop rotation, hot water treatment, use of biological agents as well as use of organic amendments in controlling phytoparasitic nematodes in general.
Threatened to least concern and after: the Barnacle Goose Branta leucopsis in Latvia
Authors: Kampe-Persson Hakon 
Published: June 2022

In Latvia, the Barnacle Goose Branta leucopsis was, except for a period in the first half of the 19th century, reported to be rare or relatively rare from the late 18th century to about 2010. The marked change in conservation status from threatened in 1985 to least concern in 2000 was due to better knowledge about the situation at the Russian breeding grounds and had nothing to do with the occurrence in Latvia. Since the first flock ever of at least 100 individuals was observed in April 2007, the number of spring-staging birds has shown a steady increase. In 2021, numbers reached 5000 birds in the Svēte flood-plain staging area and more than 10 000 in the country as a whole. Numbers were lower in autumn. There are no recoveries or re-sightings of marked individuals indicating the origin of the staging birds. The increase in numbers in Latvia coincided with a marked decline in importance of the islands in the Baltic Sea for breeding and spring-staging Barnacle Geese.
Once-Weekly Exenatide in Youth With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Tamborlane William V. , Bishai Raafat , Geller David , Shehadeh Naim , Al-Abdulrazzaq Dalia , Vazquez Evelina Mánica , Karoly Eva , Troja Tünde , Doehring Orlando , Carter Debra , Monyak John , Sjöström C. David 
Published: June 2022

<p><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> Approved treatments for type 2 diabetes in pediatric patients include metformin, liraglutide, and insulin. However, approximately half of the youth fail metformin monotherapy within 1 year, and insulin therapy is associated with challenges. Consequently, the efficacy and safety of once‑weekly injections of exenatide for the treatment of youth with type 2 diabetes was evaluated. </p>
<p><strong>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:</strong> Participants (aged 10 to <18 years) were randomized (5:2) to once‑weekly exenatide 2 mg or placebo, respectively. The primary efficacy endpoint was change in glycated hemoglobin from baseline to week 24. Secondary efficacy endpoints were also evaluated and the frequency of adverse events (AEs) assessed.</p>
<p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> 83 participants were randomized (exenatide, 59; placebo, 24) and 72 completed 24-week treatment (exenatide, 49; placebo, 23). At 24 weeks, the least squares mean change in glycated hemoglobin was −0.36% for the exenatide and +0.49% for the placebo groups (between-group difference, −0.85%; 95% CI: −1.51, −0.19; <em>P</em>=0.012). Nonsignificant least squares mean differences from baseline to 24 weeks favoring exenatide were observed: fasting glucose (−21.6 mg/dL; 95% CI: −49.0, 5.7; <em>P</em>=0.119), systolic blood pressure (−2.8 mm Hg; 95% CI: −8.0, 2.4; <em>P</em>=0.284), and body weight (−1.22 kg; 95% CI: −3.59, 1.15; <em>P</em>=0.307). AEs occurred in 36 (61.0%) and 17 (73.9%) participants in the exenatide and placebo groups, respectively.</p>
<p><strong>CONCLUSIONS:</strong> In youth with type 2 diabetes sub-optimally controlled with current treatments, once‑weekly exenatide reduced glycated hemoglobin at 24 weeks and was well tolerated. </p>
Analisis Tax avoidance dan Earnings management Sebelum dan di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Ardiany Yuli , Herfina Melli , Yuli Ayu Putri Sri 
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze and provide empirical evidence regard-ing Tax avoidance and Earnings management before and during the Covid-19 pan-demic. This type of research is comparative, the data collection method used is library research and online research. The data collection technique in this research is the documentation technique. The population in this study are companies in the trade, services, and investment sectors listed on the IDX in 2017-2020. The sampling method is purposive sampling. The analytical method used is independent sample t-test analysis. From the results of the first Paired Sample T-Test, there is no a significant difference in the tax avoidance and earnings management companies in the trade, services, and investment sectors listed on the IDX in 2017-2020, variable both before the pandemic and during the Covid-19 pandemic at a significance level of 5% .
Long-acting injectable methadone (methadone-fluconazole) provides safe and effective postoperative analgesia in a randomized clinical trial for dogs undergoing soft tissue surgery
Authors: Bieberly Zackery D. , KuKanich Butch , KuKanich Kate S. , Berke Kara A. , Klocke Emily E. , Upchurch David A. , Comroe Alyssa J. , Jugan Maria C. , Mason Diane E. , Orchard Ron J. , Klutzke Joshuah B. , Fitzgerald Alyson H. , Woodruff Kallie 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To assess the pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, and adverse effects of injectable methadone with the pharmacokinetic enhancer fluconazole (methadone-fluconazole), compared with the standard formulation of injectable methadone, in dogs after ovariohysterectomy. We hypothesized that 2 doses of methadone-fluconazole would provide 24 hours of postoperative analgesia.

ANIMALS
3 purpose-bred dogs (pharmacokinetic preliminary study) and 42 female dogs from local shelters (clinical trial) were included.

PROCEDURES
Pharmacokinetics were preliminarily determined. Clinical trial client-owned dogs were blocked by body weight into treatment groups: standard methadone group (methadone standard formulation, 0.5 mg/kg, SC, q 4 h; n = 20) or methadone-fluconazole group (0.5 mg/kg methadone with 2.5 mg/kg fluconazole, SC, repeated once at 6 h; n = 22). All dogs also received acepromazine, propofol, and isoflurane. Surgeries were performed by experienced surgeons, and dogs were monitored perioperatively using the Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale–Short Form (CMPS-SF) and sedation scales. Evaluators were masked to treatment.

RESULTS
Findings from pharmacokinetic preliminary studies supported that 2 doses of methadone-fluconazole provide 24 hours of drug exposure. The clinical trial had no significant differences in treatment failures or postoperative CMPS-SF scores between treatments. One dog (methadone-fluconazole group) had CMPS-SF > 6 and received rescue analgesia. All dogs had moderate sedation or less by 1 hour (methadone-fluconazole group) or 4 hours (standard methadone group) postoperatively. Sedation was completely resolved in all dogs the day after surgery.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Methadone-fluconazole with twice-daily administration was well tolerated and provided effective postoperative analgesia for dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy. Clinical compliance and postoperative pain control may improve with an effective twice-daily formulation.