bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Silver dissolution and precipitation in an Na2O–ZnO–B2O3 metallization paste glass
Authors: Heuser Lina , Nofz Marianne , Müller Ralf , Deubener Joachim 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThermally stimulated interactions between silver and glass, that is, silver dissolution as Ag+ and precipitation as Ag0 were studied in two glass series of molar target composition xAg2O–(19 − x)Na2O–28ZnO–53B2O3 with x = 0, 0.1, 0.5, 5 and (19Na2O–28ZnO–53B2O3)+yAg2O with y = 0.01, 0.05. These act as model for low‐melting borate glasses being part of metallization pastes. The occurrence of metallic silver precipitates in melt‐quenched glass ingots demonstrated that silver dissolved only in traces (< 0.01 mol%) in the glasses. The dissolved silver was detected by means of Raman spectroscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. Increasing x in the batch could not lead to a significant increase of the silver ion fraction in the glass as possible in binary silver borate glasses. In situ observation of heated AgNO3 mixed with the base glass frit in a hot stage microscope showed that Ag0 precipitation occurs already at the solid state. At higher temperatures, small droplets of liquid silver were found to move freely within the melt, whereas coalescence caused a stepwise increase of their size. These results contribute to the understanding of formation of silver precipitates in metallization pastes described in the literature.
Online shopping cart abandonment: A review and research agenda
Authors: Wang Siqi , Cheah Jun‐Hwa , Lim Xin‐Jean 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has put online shopping at the forefront of retailing; however, the issue related to shopping cart abandonment remains an eternal nemesis of e‐retailers. To understand extant research on online shopping cart abandonment (OSCA), a framework‐based systematic literature review was conducted with the purpose of gaining more insights into existing studies in this context. Specifically, this review examined the literature related to OSCA in terms of theory, context, characteristics, and methods to provide (i) a comprehensive review of the current state of research and (ii) constructive future research agenda in the area. Using scientific procedures, a total of 52 research articles were retrieved from Scopus and Web of Science databases published during the period 2003–2022. The results revealed that most research was founded by the stimulus‐organism‐response (S‐O‐R) model and the buyer behavior theory, focused in the context of the United States and China, and appeared to use quantitative methods. As a result, this review is expected to assist researchers in better understanding the OSCA context, thus paving the way for further research and development in the area. In addition, providing practitioners with a better panorama to address the issue by expanding the literature review and highlighting the inhibiting factors of OSCA.
Performance comparison of Westergren modified SRS 100/II and alternate iSED® method for erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Authors: Brenčić Tina , Juričić Gordana , Honović Lorena 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) includes three phases, each prone to different interferences. Due to many disadvantages of the reference Westergren method, modified and alternate methods have been introduced. The aim of this study was to compare the modified Westergren method on SRS 100/II analyzer in citrate blood with the alternate method on iSED® analyzer in EDTA sample. Additionally, possible interfering factors and ESR stability during 6 h at room temperature were evaluated.MethodsA total of 188 samples were included in the method comparison. Additionally, the effects of inflammation, haematocrit and MCV values on ESR were evaluated. To determine ESR stability in different samples, ESR was evaluated at three time points; within 15 min of blood sampling and after 3 and 6 h in different sample types and analyzers (N = 65).ResultsResults indicated the constant difference between tested methods with obtained mean bias of 5 mm (95% CI: 3–7). There was higher absolute mean bias in groups with ESR > 40 mm and elevated inflammation markers (p < 0.001). Regarding different MCV and haematocrit groups there was no statistically significant difference in obtained absolute mean biases for MCV (p = 0.087) while there was higher bias in low haematocrit group compared to normal haematocrit (p = 0.004). In addition, there was a significant difference between ESR values at different time points for iSED® (p < 0.001) and no difference for SRS 100/II analyzer (p = 0.406).ConclusionThere are differences in ESR values between tested methods. EDTA sample on iSED® should be analysed as soon as possible to avoid falsely increased ESR.
Faire face à la précarité au temps du COVID‐19: étude sur le travail via des plateformes en Pologne
Authors: MUSZYŃSKI Karol , PULIGNANO Valeria , DOMECKA Markieta , MROZOWICKI Adam 
Published: September 2022

RésuméLes auteurs analysent les répercussions de la pandémie de COVID‐19 sur l'activité et le vécu des travailleurs de plateforme en Pologne et la réaction de cette main‐d'œuvre dans ces circonstances particulières. Ils observent que les fortes fluctuations de la demande ont exacerbé les distorsions propres à une relation de travail asymétrique, non régulée et atypique et repèrent plusieurs stratégies mobilisées par les travailleurs pour y remédier, en s'appuyant sur la typologie de Hirschman (défection, prise de parole et loyauté). Le choix entre ces stratégies dépend des ressources personnelles de l'individu, des moyens institutionnels auxquels il a accès et de son système de valeurs.
Réseaux de confiance: les outils en ligne, une voie vers l'emploi informel en Indonésie pendant la pandémie
Authors: OCTAVIA Joanna 
Published: September 2022

RésuméDes études ont montré que les plateformes de travail numériques avaient créé des possibilités de revenu dans les pays en développement. L'apport d'autres outils en ligne permettant aux travailleurs informels d'accéder à l'emploi sans in‐termédiaire est moins documenté. Sur la base d'observations ethnographiques en ligne et d'entretiens avec deux groupes de travailleurs informels indonésiens (des chauffeurs de motos‐taxis et des travailleurs domestiques), l'autrice montre que les médias sociaux ont facilité la recherche d'emploi pendant la pandémie, quand les plateformes ont fermé, mais uniquement pour ceux qui pouvaient s'appuyer sur un réseau. En outre, les algorithmes continuent de dicter leur loi.
Hacer y deshacer el género en el trabajo: trayectorias profesionales de las personas trans en Suiza
Authors: PARINI Lorena 
Published: September 2022

ResumenLa autora examina los efectos de la transidentidad en las trayectorias profesionales. A partir de entrevistas individuales exhaustivas con doce personas trans en Suiza (2014–2015), destaca las dificultades y los resultados satisfactorios observados tras analizar tres dimensiones: la diferencia según el tipo de transición (hacia el género femenino o masculino), la conciliación a veces difícil entre las temporalidades de la transición y de la organización, y la gestión de la salida del armario. En una reflexión final sobre el acceso de las personas trans a la ciudadanía económica, la autora recomienda revisar la legislación laboral y sensibilizar al personal directivo sobre las cuestiones de identidad trans.
Bounded Exit and Voice in North Korea
Authors: Yi Joseph , Bahk Junbeom 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Hirschman‐inspired literature on exit and voice often assume that citizens of a highly restrictive, autocratic regime exercise few options to exit the country (‘border crossing’) or to voice their discontent. This assumption neglects a sustained economic crisis, which exposes the limitations of traditional, state‐run organizations and increases public demand for border crossings. To survive such a crisis, we theorize that more‐authoritarian (autocratic) regimes encourage bounded exit (crossing) options that tie citizens legally and financially to the incumbent country; and that bounded exit options enhance citizen voices in the autocratic regime and help alter incumbent rules. We formulate our theory both deductively and inductively: deductively from the literatures on exit and voice, crises (critical junctures), historical institutionalism, and communist autocracies; and inductively from published data related to North Korea. We develop and assess propositions with secondary analysis of governmental statistics and the literature on North Korea's famine (1994–98), border crossings and marketization. Data limitations notwithstanding, this paper outlines a theoretically novel pathway linking crisis, exit, voice, rules changes and autocratic regimes.
The influence of the COVID‐19 lockdown on infants' physiological regulation during mother‐father‐infant interactions in Switzerland
Authors: Rattaz Valentine , Tissot Hervé , Puglisi Nilo , Epiney Manuella , Razurel Chantal , Favez Nicolas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the physiological regulation of vagal tone during dyadic and triadic parent‐infant interactions in infants born before or around the COVID‐19 lockdown in Switzerland. We hypothesized that there would be a decrease in vagal tone in triadic interactions compared with dyadic interactions, as triadic interactions are more complex and therefore more resource demanding. However, we expected this difference to be smaller for infants who experienced the period of confinement, as the lockdown led parents to spend more time at home. We also hypothesized that parents would have less stressful interactional events in the triadic interaction because they would be used to interacting with the child together. This study included 36 parents with their 3 month‐old infants. Eighteen families met the study authors before the onset of the pandemic (pre‐COVID) and 18 met them after its onset, having experienced a period of confinement during the infants' first 3 months of life (COVID). Results showed that the COVID group had no decrease in vagal tone during triadic interactions, whereas the pre‐COVID group did. This difference could not, however, be explained by less stressful interactional events in triadic interactions, as the COVID group showed more stressful interactional events in mother‐father‐infant interactions.
Risk and return in the foreign exchange market: Measurement without VARs
Authors: Luo Shaowen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper offers a detailed investigation of the foreign‐exchange risk premium using a structural relationship in the inflation‐index bond market, first introduced by Clarida. Unlike the conventional vector autoregressive (VAR) approach, this approach estimates risk premium through the non‐arbitrage relationship between investing in inflation‐indexed bonds from two countries and works in the market information set. A rise in the estimated foreign‐currency risk premium helps to forecast dollar depreciation in subsequent periods. And the forecasting power is stronger than that of the other existing VAR approaches.
Effect of wound protectors in reducing the incidence of surgical site wound infection in lower gastrointestinal surgery: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Mao Leiming , Zhou Sufang , Liao Jiajia , Zhou Xiangyu , Wang Jincheng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe performed a meta‐analysis to evaluate the effect of wound protectors in reducing the incidence of surgical site wound infection in lower gastrointestinal surgery. A systematic literature search up to June 2022 was performed and 6026 subjects with lower gastrointestinal surgery at the baseline of the studies; 3090 of them were using the wound protector, and 2936 were using no wound protector. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the effect of wound protectors in reducing the incidence of surgical site wound infection in lower gastrointestinal surgery using the dichotomous methods with a random or fixed‐effect model. The surgical site wound infection was significantly lower with single‐ring wound protectors (OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.39‐0.83, P = .004), and dual‐ring wound protectors (OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.35‐0.56, P < .001) in subjects with lower gastrointestinal surgery compared with no wound protector. The surgical site wound infection was significantly lower with single‐ring wound protectors, and dual‐ring wound protectors in subjects with lower gastrointestinal surgery compared with no wound protector. The analysis of outcomes should be with caution because of the low sample size of 5 out of 28 studies in the meta‐analysis and a low number of studies in certain comparisons.
Grain yield, harvest index, water‐use efficiency and nitrogen partitioning to grain can be improved by application of the plant growth regulator paclobutrazol to maize plants with reduced N supply
Authors: Hütsch Birgit W. , Schubert Sven 
Published: September 2022

AbstractApplications of plant growth regulators such as paclobutrazol (PAC) to grain maize frequently caused depressions in grain yield. This negative impact probably originated from treatments at an early growth stage during plant ontogenesis when the determination of potential kernel number coincided with time of regulator application. However, stability of grain yield itself is of high relevance, and it is also the key determinant for harvest index (HI) and the use efficiencies of water (WUE) and nutrients (NUE). Therefore, in a container experiment, the effect of delayed PAC application at growth stage V8 was tested with the maize ( Zea mays L.) cultivars Galactus and Fabregas. Immediately after PAC treatment, differential N fertilization was introduced in order to meet the demand of the control plants (100% N), and with a supply of 75% N. With late PAC application (V8), grain yield depressions could not only successfully be avoided; moreover, in Galactus‐75%N, a significant increase in grain yield was achieved combined with an extended duration of pollen shed by 28%. Straw yield decreased less strongly after late compared with early PAC application, leading to small, but significant increases in HI for the maize plants with 75% N supply. An increase in PAC dosage combined with later application will certainly lead to stronger decreases in straw yield, but it will also enhance the risk for grain yield depressions, and thus, an overall stronger improvement of HI is uncertain. For the time around silking, remarkable improvements of WUEgrain by 18% were achieved after delayed PAC application to Galactus‐75%N. After PAC treatment, significant increases in nitrogen‐harvest index (NHI) and thus N partitioning to grain were achieved for Fabregas and for Galactus‐75%N. Although luxurious N consumption did not occur, late PAC application showed neither an effect on N‐utilization efficiency (NUtEgrain) nor on N‐uptake efficiency (NUpE). It can be concluded that it is a very complex task to achieve the right balance between PAC dosage, stability of grain yield and optimal N supply in order to avoid both, luxurious N consumption and N deficiency, and to achieve an improvement of NUtEgrain of maize plants.
Synthesis and characterization of ytterbium oxide: A novel CMAS‐resistant environmental barrier coating material
Authors: Zhang Guangheng , Zhang Jie , Wang Jingyang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDemand for more powerful aircraft promotes development of ceramic matrix composites and environmental barrier coating (EBC). A promising EBC material, ytterbium oxide (Yb2O3), was fabricated by hot pressing, and its properties were systemically investigated. The evaluation of thermal properties provides a baseline for the application of Yb2O3 on SiCf/SiC or Al2O3f/Al2O3 composites. The performance in water vapor and molten calcium–magnesium–aluminosilicate (CMAS) environments indicates its excellent durability in harsh environment. Compared with rare‐earth silicates, the thermochemical interactions between ytterbium oxide and CMAS changed greatly with the absence of silicon oxide. Reactions of ytterbium oxide with CMAS form several reaction products, including apatite, garnet, and silicocarnotite. The crystallization of garnet and silicocarnotite could effectively consume and solidify the CMAS melt, which prevents the melt infiltration and mitigates the further corrosion.
Application of machine learning to sporadic experimental data for understanding epitaxial strain relaxation
Authors: Oh Jin Young , Shin Dongwon , Choi Woo Seok 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUnderstanding epitaxial strain relaxation is one of the key challenges in functional thin films with strong structure–property relations. Herein, we employ an emerging data analytics approach to quantitatively evaluate the underlying relationships between critical thickness (hc) of strain relaxation and various physical and chemical features, despite the sporadic experimental data points available. First, we have collected and refined the reportedhcof the perovskite oxide thin film/substrate system to construct a consistent sub‐dataset which captures a common trend among the varying experimental details. Then, we employ correlation analyses and feature engineering to find the most relevant feature set which includes Poisson's ratio and lattice mismatch. With the insight offered by correlation analyses and feature engineering, machine learning (ML) models have been trained to deduce a decent accuracy, which has been further validated experimentally. The demonstrated framework is expected to be efficiently extended to the other classes of thin films in understandinghc.
Finite element analysis of TGO thickness on stress distribution and evolution of 8YSZ thermal barrier coatings
Authors: Li Zhuoda , Zheng Runguo , Lin Xiaoping , Lian Yongqiang , Jin Kangshuai 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAccording to the experimental research results of the thermally grown oxide (TGO) layered growth during the pre‐oxidation process of 8 wt.% yttria‐stabilized zirconia thermal barrier coating (TBC), a two‐dimensional sinusoidal TC/bonding coat (BC) curve interface model of the longitudinal section of TBCs based on finite element simulation was constructed; the thickness and composition of the TGO layer relative to the TC/BC curve interfacial stress distribution and its evolution during the thermal cycling process were studied. The results show that when the TGO layer uses α‐Al2O3 as the main oxide (black TGO), the thicker the black TGO layer, the more uniform the stress distribution of the TC/BC interface. When the TGO layer is dominated by spinel‐structured Co and Cr oxides (gray TGO), the stress “band” of the TC/BC interface is destroyed; it shows the alternating phenomenon of tensile stress zone and compressive stress zone, and after the rapid random growth of TGO, the concentrated tensile stress increased by a large jump. Affected by the thickness of the prefabricated black TGO layer, there is a limit peak in the thickness of the black TGO layer, the normal stress at the TC/BC boundary is minimized, and the magnitude of the stress change is also minimized.
Thermal and electrical properties of spark plasma sintered (Ti,Cr)B2 ceramics
Authors: Smith Steven M. , Feng Lun , Fahrenholtz William G. , Hilmas Gregory E. , Silvestroni Laura 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThermal and electrical properties were measured for TiB2 ceramics containing varying CrB2 contents up to 33 mol%. The room‐temperature thermal diffusivity decreased with increasing Cr content from 0.330 ± 0.003 cm2/s for pure TiB2 to 0.060 ± 0.003 cm2/s for (Ti0.66Cr0.33)B2. The amount of anisotropy in the coefficients of thermal expansion increased with increasing Cr content and the c‐axis had the greatest dependence on Cr addition, with an increase of more than 25% in the thermal expansion for 33 mol% CrB2 compared to TiB2, whereas the a‐axis only increased by about 8%. The electrical conductivity was the lowest for (Ti0.66Cr0.33)B2 at ∼8.5 × 103 S/cm compared to ∼106.1 × 103 S/cm for nominally pure TiB2. Overall, the addition of CrB2 as a sintering aid for TiB2 was shown to have a significant effect on the thermal and electrical properties of TiB2 for additions as small as 5 mol% CrB2.
Characterization of high‐power and very‐high‐power short‐duration radiofrequency lesions performed with a new‐generation catheter and a temperature‐control ablation mode
Authors: Lozano‐Granero Cristina , Franco Eduardo , Matía‐Francés Roberto , Hernández‐Madrid Antonio , Sánchez‐Pérez Inmaculada , Zamorano José Luis , Moreno Javier 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionHigh‐power short‐duration (HPSD) has been proposed to shorten procedure times while maintaining efficacy and safety. We evaluated the differences in size and geometry between radiofrequency lesions obtained with this method and conventional ones.Methods and ResultsTwenty‐eight sets of 10 perpendicular radiofrequency applications were performed with two commercially available catheters: a temperature‐controlled HPSD catheter (QDot‐Micro) and a conventional power‐controlled catheter (Thermocool SmartTouch) on porcine left ventricle. Different power settings (35, 40, 50, and 90 W), contact force (CF; 10 and 20 g), ablation index (AI; 400 and 550), and application times were combined to create conventional (35–40 W), HPSD (50 W) and very‐high‐power short‐duration (VHPSD; 90 W) lesions, that were cross‐sectioned and measured. About 4‐s VHPSD lesions were smaller, shallower, and thinner than HPSD performed with the QDot‐Micro catheter in any scenario of CF or AI (61 ± 7.8 mm3, 6.1 ± 0.3 mm wide, and 2.9 ± 0.1 mm deep with 10 g; 72.2 ± 0.5 mm3, 6.8 ± 0.3 mm wide, and 2.9 ± 0.2 mm deep with 20 g). Conventional and HPSD lesions performed with the temperature‐controlled catheter were generally bigger, deeper, and wider than the ones obtained with the power‐controlled catheter, as well as more consistent in size. This was especially true with the lower CF and AI scenario, while differences were less notable with other setting combinations.ConclusionVHPSD lesions performed with QDot‐Micro catheter were smaller than any other lesions, which is especially attractive for posterior left atrial wall ablation. On the contrary, conventional‐powered and HPSD lesions performed with this catheter were equally sized (or even bigger with lower CF and AI objectives), as well as more consistent in size, which would guarantee transmurality in other locations.