bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recurrent Headaches After Spinal Anesthesia and Their Link to Associated Factors of Candidates for Cesarean
Authors: Abdi Kamel , Abdullahzadeh Mehrdad , Gholamveisi Behzad , Aghabakpour Hatam , Karimian Aram 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background Spinal anesthesia (SA) is widely administered in cesarean sections (CS), and post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) is the most unavoidable complication after the Dural or lumbar puncture (LP). Some factors are considered to be associated with the risk of recurrent PDPH.
Aims To investigate the recurrent headaches after SA and their link to associated factors of age, Body Mass Index (BMI), Fast Blood Sugar (FBS), Blood Pressure (BP), time of immobilization in the supine position after SA, and a history of previous SA of PDPH of women candidates for CS, when the needle type and size were kept constant.
Methods In a cross-sectional descriptive study, 80 women candidates for CS were recruited from Besat Hospital, Sanandaj, Iran. The association between age, BMI, FBS, BP, time of immobilization in the supine position after spinal anesthesia, and a history of previous SA and recurrent PDPH of women candidates for CS were investigated using statistical t-tests and chi-square test.
Results The t-test and chi-square test showed no association between the quantitative and qualitative variables and PDPH after SA in women candidates for CS respectively.
Conclusion The results of this study showed when the needle type and size were kept constant, the associated factors of age, BMI, FBS, BP, time of immobilization in the supine position after SA, and a history of previous SA and PDPH of women candidates for CS had no link to the recurrent headaches after SA.
Can Orthopedic Surgery be taught online? A comparative analysis of medical students’ academic performance in online versus in- person class teaching
Authors: Albishi Waleed , Alsanawi Hisham , Alfaleh Ahmed F. , Alrabai Hamza , Alaseem Abdulrahman 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective

Due to controversy and the lack of information in the literature, we conducted this study to assess the impact of online teaching on students’ academic performance during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and evaluate whether the theoretical part of a surgical specialty, such as an orthopedic surgery, can be learned efficiently using online modalities.

Design

This is an observational study that compared the learning outcomes of medical students, in college of medicine at King Saud University, who took fully online orthopedic surgery courses into the learning outcomes of those who took similar courses in-person prior to the COVID-19 pandemic

Participants

Grades of 530 fourth-year medical students were collected. Of the total participants, 321 (60.6%) were males and 209 (39.4%) were females. A total of 270 (50.9%) students attended in-person classes while 260 (49.1%) students attended online classes during the pandemic

Results

For the online classes, the grades ranged between 20.5 and 40 with a median 32.6. Students who attended online classes had significantly higher grades than those who received in-person classes (32.4 ± 4.8 versus 30.2 ± 4.3, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Our study showed that there has been significant improvement in the academic performance of students in online classes compared to in-person classes. Online teaching could be considered in orthopedic theoretical knowledge. Appropriate technical support and training for online classes for faculty and students should be established
A multi-year study on the changing perceptions of medical freshmen cohorts on societal expectations of physicians
Authors: Shersad Fouzia 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Studies have shown that student perceptions of the expectations of external community such as patients, doctors, society, family and friends have a role in driving them to achieve the necessary attributes in early student years. (Stubbing et al., 2019).
Aim of study: To analyse the reasons why freshers chose the medical profession and their perception of societal expectations of physician attributes. Compare freshers’ perceptions with the current scenario of medical education and the public trust in medical professionals. This study also assesses how all these have changed with time.
Summary of Work: From the year 2009 to 2021, an open-ended questionnaire survey was administered, for 13 cohorts of freshers (594 participants) joining the medical college in UAE. Consent was obtained from participants. Approval from the Research and Ethics committee was obtained.
Thematic analysis of the data and word cloud analyses were done using SurveyMonkey. They are compared with the current scenario of public trust in medical professionals.
Summary of Results: The reasons for choosing this profession were classified into 5 major themes. Desirable attributes most commonly appearing five terms for each cohort were ranked. Factors such as compassion, caring, confidentiality, good listener, responsible, knowledgeable, altruistic remained in the top five consistently and did not show variation among the cohorts between 2009 and 2021. Validity of the wordcloud available on SurveymonkeyTM was low and needed human correction of spellings and formats to ensure data validity.
Discussion And Conclusion: The major themes for reasons on choosing the profession have remained the same over thirteen years and are service-oriented commitment for patient care, scholarly achievement and self-actualization. A smaller percentage chose personal gains (social status and financial gains).
Personal attributes which emerged as society's expectations of physicians were patience, compassion, empathy and communication skills. But over the years, there is an increasing frequency of more tangible virtues like integrity and honesty. This could be attributed to the increased reliance on electronic media due to the Covid pandemic Curriculum reforms must focus more on ethics and honesty.
A study of freshers’ perceptions of societal expectations are highly valid. These perceptions are important due to the positive catalytic effect which drives students to meet those expectations and has a positive effect on doctor patient relationship.
Selection tests and their predictive value in university nursing students’ success in the first year of study
Authors: Bruce Judith , Mabizela Sfiso , Tshabalala Amme 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Academic performance factors such as school-leaving grades and other academic indicators for selection, play a significant role in student success.
Purpose
The study aimed to determine the predictors of academic success based on selection criteria for nursing studies at a South African university.
Methods
This retrospective study involves seven cohorts of first-time nursing students (n = 317). Hierarchical regression was used to explore important variables predicting success in the first year of study. The Chi-square tests were used to determine the association between progression outcome, NBT domains, and school quintiles.
Results
All predicting variables explained 35% of the variance in the first year of study. Most students’ entry-level skills according to the National Benchmark Test (NBT) were at Intermediate Lower level; the NBT MAT (Mathematics) and NBT AL (Academic Literacy) domains, and the National Senior Certificate (NSC) subject, Life Sciences are significant predictors of students passing the first year.
Conclusion
Selection test results predict areas where students are likely to encounter difficulties and inform the interventions needed to achieve academic success.
Teledentistry use during the COVID-19 pandemic: Perceptions and practices of Ontario dentists
Authors: Cheuk Rocco , Adeniyi Abiola , Farmer Julie , Singhal Sonica , Jessani Abbas 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background:Studies have shown the potential role of teledentistry to expedite and improve consultations, diagnosis, and treatment planning while mitigating the risk of COVID-19 transmission in dental offices. However, dental professionals' utilization of teledentistry remains suboptimal. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the perceptions and practices of teledentistry among dentists during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario, Canada and identify associated factors.Methods:A cross-sectional study using an online survey was conducted among Ontario dentists in December 2021. The questionnaire inquired about socio-demographic attributes, perceptions about teledentistry use, its usage during the pandemic, and perspectives on its future application. Descriptive statistics including frequency distribution of categorical variables and univariate analysis of continuous variables were conducted first followed by Chi-square tests, to determine the association between professionals’ attributes such as age, gender, years of practice, and location of practice, and their views on teledentistry. SPSS Version 28.0 was used for statistical analysis.ResultsOverall, 456 dentists completed the survey. Majority were general dentists (91%), worked in private practices (94%), were between 55 and 64 years old (33%), and had over 16 years of professional experience (72%). The most common reason for non-utilization was a lack of interest (54%). Those who use teledentistry identified patient triage, consultation, and patient education as the three most important uses. Gender (p<0.05), type of practice (p<0.05), number of settings in which dentists practiced (p<0.05), number of resources accessed (p<0.05), and comfort levels with discussing teledentistry (p<0.05), were all found to be significantly associated with the participants’ current use of teledentistry (n=447). Type of practice (p<0.05), number of practice settings (p<0.05), number of resources accessed (p<0.05), and comfort level with discussing teledentistry (p<0.05) were significantly associated with their future willingness to use teledentistry (n=456).ConclusionsParticipants expressed mixed perceptions toward teledentistry. Despite the increased utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic, participants' lack of interest in teledentistry emerged as a barrier to its use. More education and knowledge dissemination about teledentistry's areas of application and technical aspects of use can increase interest in this tool, which may lead to a greater uptake by dental professionals.
Protective role of renal D-Glucuronyl C5-Epimerase (Glce) in the pathogenesis of kidney fibrosis
Authors: Jing Xiaoqi , Wu Jun , Ding Xiaoyu , Du Zhenyun , Wang Xiaojiang , Huang Lulin , Wang Ran , Mei Changlin , Ding Kan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Fibrosis is a common pathway leading to end-stage renal failure and poses a huge threat to human health. However, the molecular mechanisms driving the fibrotic process remain poorly defined. Glucuronyl C5-epimerase (Hsepi, gene name, Glce) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of the heparin sulfate chains and previous studies have demonstrated homozygous Glce-/- mice show embryonic lethality and multi-organ defects. By analyzing the kidneys of patients and animal models with renal fibrosis, we observed a significant decrease in Glce protein. In addition, we found ablation of Glce exacerbated kidney fibrosis while overexpressing Glce to UUO-treated mice could improve kidney function through EGFR/ERK signaling pathway. Interestingly, the protective process did not rely on its catalytic isomerase activation. These data uncover a novel function by which Glce plays a protective role in kidney tissues, leading to reduced EMT process and renal failure in kidney fibrosis mice.
Red cell transfusion thresholds in outpatients with myelodysplastic syndromes: results of a pilot randomised trial RBC-ENHANCE and a combined analyses with REDDS
Authors: Buckstein Rena , Callum Jeannie , Prica Anca , Bowen David , Wells Richard , LEBER Brian , Heddle Nancy , Chodirker Lisa , Cheung Matthew , Mozessohn Lee , Yee Karen , Gallagher Jennifer , Parmentier Anne , Jamula Erin , McQuilten Zoe , Wood Erica , Zhang Liying , Mamedov Alexandre , Stanworth Simon , Lin Yulia 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The optimal hemoglobin (HgB) threshold for red blood cell transfusions in adult patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) has not been defined. We conducted a randomized multi-center study of two transfusion algorithms (liberal, to maintain Hgb 110-120 g/L, versus restrictive, 85-105 g/L) and combined our findings from RBC-ENHANCE with those of REDDS a previously published study of similar design. Primary objectives were measures of compliance to transfusion thresholds and the achievement of a 15 g/L difference in pre-transfusion Hgb. Secondary outcomes included measures of QOL, iron studies and safety. 66 patients were randomized between February 2015-2020, 33 to each arm in 15 international participating sites. The compliance was 58% and 81% in the restrictive and liberal arms respectively and the mean pre-transfusion Hgb thresholds for restrictive and liberal arms were 85.9 (SD 9) and 98.8 g/L (SD 9). Patients in the liberal arms experienced a mean of 3.4 (SD 2.6) more transfusion visits and received a mean of 5.3 (SD 5.5) extra units of blood during the 12-week study. Selected QOL scores were superior pre-transfusion and more patients achieved clinically important differences in the liberal arm. Further data are needed to establish the feasibility of liberal transfusion policies in MDS outpatients.
Trial Registration: REDDS: ISRCTN26088319 RBC-ENHANCE: NCT 02099669
Two-stage low-light image enhancement method based on generating saturation-corrected reference images
Authors: Yi Wei Lin , Hu Chang-Hui 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The saturation information of the image is given less consideration by the existing low-light enhancement methods, which causes color distortion throughout the improvement process. We propose a two-stage low-light image enhancement method based on generating saturation-corrected reference images to address the issues of inadequate illumination improvement of existing low-light images and distortion of color information during illumination enhancement and obtain well-illuminated, clear, and color information-rich enhancement results. In our proposed method, the illumination component in the HSV color space is enhanced using the SVD decomposition after the original color image is first converted into the HSV color space. To improve the saturation component in the saturation channel in HSV color space, a saturation correction is used. In order to get our saturation-corrected photos, we then merge the original hue channel with the modified value channel and saturation channel. The original low-light image is then optimized via gradient descent using the saturation-corrected image as the reference image. It is important to note that each pixel point's gradient descent step size is determined by the luminance weights. The method can better express details, boost brightness, and return more natural colors in various situations and tones, according to qualitative and quantitative test findings
the collision avoidance and the controllability for n bodies in dimension one
Authors: Han Chong-Kyu , Park Donghoon 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We present a method of control system design for n bodies in the real line R1 and on the unit circle S1, to be collision-free
and controllable. The problem reduces to designing a controlaffine system in Rn and in n-torus Tn, respectively, that avoids certain obstacles. We prove the controllability of the system by showing that the vector fields that define the control-affine system, together with their brackets of first order, span the whole tangent space of the state space, and then by applying the Rashevsky-Chow theorem.
Simultaneous determination of chlorate and perchlorate in drinking water and foods using ultra performance liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhang Wenting , Lu Qiuyan , Zheng Renjin , Qiu Wenqian , Hua Yongyou , Li Yuxiang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

A method was developed for the determination of chlorate and perchlorate in drinking water and 16 categories of foods by liquid chromatography coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-QqQ-MS/MS) with internal standard. The methods of chromatography (mobile phase, chromatographic column, injection volume) and pretreatment (extracting solution, purification cartridge) were improved and validated. After extraction, centrifugation and purification, chlorate and perchlorate were separated on the Torus DEA by gradient elution. The eluent was scanned in negative electrospray ionization mode. The data were acquired by multi-reaction monitoring. The oxygen-18 was added to all samples prior to extraction. The limit of quantification (LOQs) for chlorate and perchlorate were 0.20 µg/L and 0.05 µg/L in drinking water. The recoveries of chlorate and perchlorate were 96.5-109% and 99.3-111%, and intra and inter-day precision values ≤ 5% were obtained in drinking water. The LOQs for chlorate and perchlorate were 6.0 µg/kg and 1.0 µg/kg in fresh food. The LOQs for chlorate and perchlorate were 18.0 µg/kg and 3.0 µg/kg in dry food. For chlorate and perchlorate, the recoveries at three levels were 86.5-103% and 91.3-111%, the RSD (n=6) were 2.53-7.41% and 2.68-7.96% in foods. The 18 samples of drinking water were analysed, the concentration of chlorate and perchlorate was much lower than the limit of WHO drinking water. A total of 583 food samples were analyzed, the concentration of chlorate and perchlorate were ND-2.48 mg/kg and ND-4.55 mg/kg.
Lack of Structural Brain Alterations associated with Insomnia: Findings from the ENIGMA-Sleep working group
Authors: Weihs Antoine , Frenzel Stefan , Bi Hanwen , Schiel Julian , Afshani Mortaza , Bülow Robin , Ewert Ralf , Fietze Ingo , Hoffstaedter Felix , Jahanshad Neda , Khazaie Habibolah , Riemann Dieter , Rostampour Masoumeh , Stubbe Beate , Thomopoulos Sophia , Thompson Paul , Valk Sofie , Völzke Henry , Zarei Mojtaba , Eickhoff Simon , Grabe Hans , Patil Kaustubh , Spiegelhalder Kai , Tahmasian Masoud 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Existing neuroimaging studies have reported divergent structural alterations in insomnia. Here, we performed a large-scale coordinated meta-analysis by pooling structural brain measures from 1,085 subjects with and without insomnia symptoms across three international ENIGMA-Sleep cohorts. The influence of insomnia on MRI-based brain morphometry using an insomnia brain score was assessed. We collected case-control data from two sites, as well as population-based data from another site. Within each cohort, we used an ordinary least-squares linear regression to investigate the link between the individual regional cortical thickness and subcortical volumes and the presence of insomnia symptoms. Then, we performed a fixed-effects meta-analysis across cohorts based on the first-level results. For the insomnia brain score, weighted logistic ridge regression was performed on one sample, which separated patients with insomnia disorder from controls to train a model based on the segmentation measurements. Afterward, the insomnia brain scores were validated using the other two samples. The model was used to predict the log-odds of the subjects with insomnia given individual insomnia-related brain atrophy. After adjusting for multiple comparisons, we did not detect any significant associations between insomnia symptoms and cortical or subcortical volumes, nor could we identify a global insomnia-related brain atrophy pattern. The current study found inconsistent brain morphology differences between individuals with and without insomnia across three independent cohorts. Further large-scale cross-sectional and longitudinal studies using both structural and functional neuroimaging data are warranted to decipher the pathophysiology of insomnia at the brain level.
Is Losartan a Promising Agent for the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes-Induced Testicular Germ Cell Apoptosis in Rats?
Authors: Buhur Aylin , Gürel Çevik , Kuşçu Gökçe Ceren , Yiğittürk Gürkan , Oltulu Fatih , Yavaşoğlu Nefise Ülkü Karabay , Uysal Ayşegül , Yavaşoğlu Altuğ 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is common metabolic disease that poses a major risk to public health and fertility. Previous studies indicate that DM may cause male infertility by triggering oxidative stress and germ cell apoptosis in the testis. Present study aimed to investigate the possible antiapoptotic effect of losartan against DM-induced testicular germ cell apoptosis.
Methods and Results:Expreimental DM model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin (STZ, 55 mg/kg) to 28 rats, which were then randomly assigned to 4 groups; 1 mL saline solution was given to DM+saline group by oral gavage, 5 mg/kg/day oral losartan was given to DM+low-dose losartan, 20 mg/kg/day oral losartan was given to DM+mid-dose losartan and, 80 mg/kg/day oral losartan was given to DM+high-dose losartan group for 4 weeks. Bax, Bcl-2 and cleaved-Caspase 3 immunoexpression, terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase dutp nick end labeling (TUNEL), Annexin-V and Real Time PCR analyses performed to evaluate antiapoptotic effects of losartan on diabetic rats' testis. In addition, biochemical analyzes carried out to evaluate change in oxidative stress.
Conclusion: The results showed that losartan may have dose-related antiapoptotic effects on rats' testis via decreasing oxidative stress.
Mdiating effect of coping style on disease acceptance and quality of life in patients with acute stroke:a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mei Dan , Zhang Pan , Lu Mengqian , Sun Zhumei , Xing Fengmei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Stroke is the third leading cause of death and disability in the world, which often leads to physical dysfunction of patients and seriously affects their quality of life. Promoting patients to accept disease and actively respond to discomfort caused by disease can improve their quality of life. However, the role of coping styles in the relationship between disease acceptance and quality of life of stroke patients is still unclear.
Methods
Data were collected from 375 stroke patients, and the patient's population, disease status, disease acceptance, coping style and quality of life were obtained through questionnaire survey. Person correlation analysis was used to determine whether disease acceptance and coping style were related to quality of life, and stratified multiple regression method and PROCESS program in SPSS were used to analyze the mediating effect of coping style.
Results
The quality of life of stroke patients was positively correlated with disease acceptance (r = 0.638, P < 0.01), positively correlated with positive coping (r = 0.519, P < 0.01), negatively correlated with negative coping (r=-0.383, P < 0.01), positively correlated with disease acceptance (r = 0.597, P < 0.01), and negatively correlated with negative coping (r=-0.406, P < 0.01), The intermediary effect accounted for 33.4%.
Conclusion
Disease acceptance can directly predict the quality of life of stroke patients. Coping style plays a part of intermediary role between disease acceptance and quality of life. Promoting patients to accept disease is one of the effective ways to improve the quality of life of patients.