bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novelty and scope of process innovation: The role of related and unrelated manufacturing experience
Authors: Lugovoi Ivan , Andritsos Dimitrios A. , Senot Claire 
Published: June 2022

The accumulation of experience that occurs with production is likely to impact an organization's ability to develop manufacturing process innovations. However, how different types of manufacturing experience relate to the characteristics of an organization's process innovation output is an open question. In this study, we investigate how a firm's accumulated related and unrelated manufacturing experiences are associated with this firm's ability to innovate its production methods. To characterize firms' process innovation output, we observe their portfolios of patented manufacturing inventions, which we qualitatively evaluate over time, through a unique collaboration with expert patent attorneys, along two critical dimensions: novelty and scope. We argue that related manufacturing experience leads to a better understanding of parts of the focal product's technological landscape that will allow the development of inventions of broader scope. However, it may also contribute to inertia in that it might restrict the firm's innovative activity to more familiar regions of the landscape, thereby limiting inventions' novelty. Conversely, manufacturing experience with products that are unrelated to the focal product is expected to stimulate and support a broader search that includes more distant regions of the focal product's technological landscape, which would lead to more novel manufacturing inventions. Yet, the application of this unrelated experience to the production of the focal product is likely to require additional exploratory effort in a not‐well‐understood region of the focal product's landscape, likely resulting in inventions of limited scope. In line with our hypotheses, we find that related (unrelated) manufacturing experience is positively (negatively) associated with inventions' scope, and negatively (positively) associated with inventions' novelty. In addition to supporting the relevance of a multidimensional evaluation of innovations, our findings provide practical guidance regarding the strategic implications of a firm's knowledge management.
Modeling undetected live type 1 wild poliovirus circulation after apparent interruption of transmission: Pakistan and Afghanistan
Authors: Kalkowska Dominika A. , Badizadegan Kamran , Thompson Kimberly M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSince 2013, wild poliovirus (WPV) transmission occurred only for type 1 (WPV1). Following several years of increasing reported incidence (2017–2019) and programmatic disruptions caused by COVID‐19 (early 2020), Pakistan and Afghanistan performed a large number of supplementary immunization activities (late 2020–2021). This increased intensity of immunization, following widespread transmission, substantially decreased WPV1 cases and positive environmental samples during 2021. Modeling the potential for undetected circulation of WPV1 after apparent interruption can support regional and global decisions about certification of the eradication of indigenous WPV1 transmission. We apply a stochastic model to estimate the confidence about no circulation (CNC) of WPV1 in Pakistan and Afghanistan as a function of time since the last reported case and/or positive environmental sample. Exploration of different assumptions about surveillance quality suggests a range for CNC for WPV1 as a function of time since the last positive surveillance signal, and supports the potential use of a time with no evidence of transmission of less than 3 years as sufficient to assume die out in the context of good acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance. We show high expected CNC based on AFP surveillance data alone, even with imperfect surveillance and some use of inactivated poliovirus vaccine masking the ability of AFP surveillance to detect transmission. Ensuring high quality AFP and environmental surveillance may substantially shorten the time required to reach high CNC. The time required for high CNC depends on whether immunization activities maintain high population immunity and the quality of surveillance data.
Hyperbaric effects on cold stored whole blood following a military dive mission profile
Authors: Scheiber Christopher J. , Spencer Chad M. , Neading Richard D. , O'Connell Michael P. , Becker Casey F. , Scarborough Tyler R. , Horsey Jeremy D. , Perez Joshua A. , Ochoa Baron J. , Wilkinson Michael A. , Bentley Pasha , Seheult Jansen N. , Boisen Michael L. , Yazer Mark H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhole blood (WB) is carried by special operations forces as part of a remote damage control resuscitation strategy. The effects of an underwater mission on the quality and coagulation profile of WB were simulated by exposure to hyperbaric pressures in a chamber.MethodsWB units collected in CPDA‐1 were exposed to three different combinations of hyperbaric pressure and duration of exposure: Group A 153.52 kPa (15.24 msw; 1.52 atm) for 4 h; n = 9, Group B 506.63 kPa (50.29 msw; 5.00 atm) for 1 h; n = 9, Group C 153.52 kPa (15.24 msw; 1.52 atm) for 1 h; n = 7. The following parameters were measured on each unit: prothrombin time/international normalized ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time, thromboelastography and concentration determinations of platelets, lactate, fibrinogen, and lactate dehydrogenase. Each sample underwent baseline, prepressurization, immediate postpressurization, and 6 h postpressurization laboratory testing.ResultsSix hours following hyperbaric exposure, the lactate concentration in group C was higher than prepressurization measurement and the platelet concentration in Group A was lower than prepressurization measurement. There were no changes in any of the other analyzed biochemical, coagulation and thromboelastogram parameters following exposure to hyperbaric stress.DiscussionThese data suggest that pressurization of WB up to 5 atm did not impact parameters tested. Changes observed in lactate and platelet count need further study, as well as complementary testing of red blood cell integrity. Further investigation of the hyperbaric extremes is necessary to determine if there is a damage inducing pressure to which WB should not be exposed.
In vitro quality and hemostatic function of cold‐stored CPDA‐1 whole blood after repeated transient exposure to 28°C storage temperature
Authors: Sivertsen Joar , Hervig Tor , Strandenes Geir , Kristoffersen Einar K. , Braathen Hanne , Apelseth Torunn O. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundBlood products are frequently exposed to room temperature or higher for longer periods than permitted by policy. We aimed to investigate if this resulted in a measurable effect on common quality parameters and viscoelastic hemostatic function of cold stored CPDA‐1 whole blood.Study Design and Methods450 ml of whole blood from 16 O Rh(D) positive donors was collected in 63 ml of CPDA‐1 and stored cold. Eights bags were exposed to five weekly 4‐h long transient temperature changes to 28°C. Eight bags were stored continuously at 4°C as a control. Samples were collected at baseline on day 1, after the first cycle on day 1 and weekly before each subsequent cycle (day 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35). Hemolysis, hematological parameters, pH, glucose, lactate, potassium, thromboelastography, INR, APTT, fibrinogen, and factor VIII were measured.ResultsCPDA‐1 whole blood repeatedly exposed to 28°C did not show reduced quality compared to the control group on day 35. Two units in the test group had hemolysis of 1.1% and 1.2%, and two in the control group hemolysis of 0.8%. Remaining thromboelastography clot strength (MA) on day 35 was 51.7 mm (44.8, 58.6) in the test group and 46.1 (41.6, 50.6) in the control group (p = .023). Platelet count was better preserved in the test group (166.7 [137.8, 195.6] vs. 117.8 [90.3, 145.2], p = .018). One sample in the test group was positive for Cutibacterium acnes on day 35 + 6.ConclusionHemolysis findings warrant further investigation. Other indicators of quality were not negatively affected.
Cold‐stored platelets are effective in an in vitro model of massive transfusion protocol assessed by rotational thromboelastometry
Authors: Zhao Han Qi , Serrano Katherine , Culibrk Brankica , Chen Zhongming , Devine Dana V. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundPlatelets are a key component of massive transfusion in treating actively bleeding patients. While optimized for prophylactic transfusions, the effectiveness of the current standard room temperature stored platelets (RPs) in treating actively bleeding patients is not clear. Cold‐stored platelets (CPs) have been shown to have superior hemostatic functions and the potential to extend shelf life. In this study, we explored the effect of using CPs versus RPs in an in vitro transfusion model based on the massive transfusion protocol.Study Design and MethodsRPs or CPs were combined with RBCs and plasma in a 1:1:1 volume ratio to make transfusion packages. Whole blood was collected and then either diluted to 20% hematocrit or mixed with tPA (8.8 μg/ml). By volume, 70% of transfusion package was mixed with 30% whole blood to simulate massive transfusions and analyzed by rotational thromboelastometry. Transfusion package supernatant was analyzed for PAI‐1 activity as well.ResultsBoth transfusion packages restored the clot characteristics of hemodiluted or hyperfibrinolytic whole blood. Specifically, only transfusion packages made with CPs significantly reduced the maximum clot lysis of hyperfibrinolytic whole blood. PAI‐1 activity in CPs transfusion packages were also significantly higher.DiscussionTransfusion packages containing cold‐stored platelets may be able to restore the blood hemostatic profile of bleeding patients. In addition, transfusion packages made from CPs may provide additional benefit of resisting hyperfibrinolysis in bleeding patients. In trauma where post‐transfusion platelet recovery is less of a concern, CPs are a viable option to restore hemostasis.
Low titer Group O whole blood utilization in pediatric trauma resuscitation: A National Survey
Authors: Meshkin Dana , Yazer Mark H. , Dunbar Nancy M. , Spinella Philip C. , Leeper Christine M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundRenewed interest in low titer group O whole blood (LTOWB) transfusion has led to increased utilization in adult trauma centers; little is known regarding LTOWB use in pediatric centers.Study design and methodsA survey of LTOWB utilization at American pediatric level 1 trauma centers.ResultsResponses were received from 43/72 (60%) centers. These institutions were primarily urban (84%) and pediatric‐specific (58%). There were 16% (7/43) centers using LTOWB, 7% (3/43) imminently initiating an LTOWB program, 47% (20/43) with interest but no current plan to develop a LTOWB program, and 30% (13/43) with no immediate interest in an LTOWB program. For the hospitals actively or imminently using LTOWB, 70% (3/10) have a minimum recipient weight criterion, 60% (6/10) have a minimum age criterion, and 70% (7/10) restrict the maximum volume transfused. Before the patient's RhD type becomes known, 30% (3/10) use RhD negative LTOWB for males and females, 40% (4/10) use RhD positive LTOWB for males and RhD negative LTOWB for females, 20% (2/10) use RhD positive LTOWB for males and RhD negative RBCs for females, and 10% (1/10) use RhD positive LTOWB for both males and females. Maximum LTOWB storage duration was 14–35 days and units nearing expiration were used for non‐trauma patients (40%), processed to RBC (40%), and/or discarded (40%). The most common barriers to implementation were concerns about inventory management (37%), wastage (35%), infrequent use (33%), cost (21%) and unclear efficacy (14%).ConclusionLTOWB utilization is increasing in pediatric level 1 trauma centers in the United States.
Gamma and X‐ray irradiation do not affect the in vitro quality of refrigerated apheresis platelets in platelet additive solution (PAS‐E)
Authors: Johnson Lacey , Roan Christopher , Costa Marylia , Aung Htet Htet , Marks Denese C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundPlatelet refrigeration (cold storage) provides the advantages of an extended shelf life and reduces the risk of bacterial growth, compared to platelets stored at room temperature (RT). However, processing modifications, such as irradiation, may further improve the safety and/or alter the quality of cold‐stored platelets. Platelet components are irradiated to prevent transfusion‐associated graft versus host disease (TA‐GvHD) in high‐risk patients; and while irradiation has little effect on the quality of RT‐stored platelet components, there is no data assessing the effect irradiation has following cold storage.Study Design and MethodsTriple‐dose apheresis platelets were collected in 40% plasma/60% PAS‐E, using the TRIMA apheresis platform, and refrigerated (2–6°C) within 8 h of collection. On day 2, one of each component was gamma or X‐ray irradiated or remained non‐irradiated. Platelets were tested over 21 days.ResultsThe platelet concentration decreased by approximately 20% in all groups during 21 days of storage (p > .05). Irradiation (gamma or X‐ray) did not affect platelet metabolism, and the pH was maintained above the minimum specification (>6.4) for 21 days. The surface phenotype and the composition of the supernatant was similar in non‐irradiated and irradiated platelets, regardless of the source of radiation. Functional responses (aggregation and clot formation) were not affected by irradiation.DiscussionGamma and X‐ray irradiation do not affect the in vitro quality of platelet components stored in the cold for up to 21 days. This demonstrates the acceptability of irradiating cold‐stored platelets, which has the potential to improve their safety for at‐risk patient cohorts.
Comparative risk of pulmonary adverse events with transfusion of pathogen reduced and conventional platelet components
Authors: Snyder Edward L. , Wheeler Allison P. , Refaai Majed , Cohn Claudia S. , Poisson Jessica , Fontaine Magali , Sehl Mary , Nooka Ajay K. , Uhl Lynne , Spinella Philip , Fenelus Maly , Liles Darla , Coyle Thomas , Becker Joanne , Jeng Michael , Gehrie Eric A. , Spencer Bryan R. , Young Pampee , Johnson Andrew , O'Brien Jennifer J. , Schiller Gary J. , Roback John D. , Malynn Elizabeth , Jackups Ronald , Avecilla Scott T. , Lin Jin‐Sying , Liu Kathy , Bentow Stanley , Peng Ho‐Lan , Varrone Jeanne , Benjamin Richard J. , Corash Laurence M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundPlatelet transfusion carries risk of transfusion‐transmitted infection (TTI). Pathogen reduction of platelet components (PRPC) is designed to reduce TTI. Pulmonary adverse events (AEs), including transfusion‐related acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) occur with platelet transfusion.Study designAn open label, sequential cohort study of transfusion‐dependent hematology‐oncology patients was conducted to compare pulmonary safety of PRPC with conventional PC (CPC). The primary outcome was the incidence of treatment‐emergent assisted mechanical ventilation (TEAMV) by non‐inferiority. Secondary outcomes included: time to TEAMV, ARDS, pulmonary AEs, peri‐transfusion AE, hemorrhagic AE, transfusion reactions (TRs), PC and red blood cell (RBC) use, and mortality.ResultsBy modified intent‐to‐treat (mITT), 1068 patients received 5277 PRPC and 1223 patients received 5487 CPC. The cohorts had similar demographics, primary disease, and primary therapy. PRPC were non‐inferior to CPC for TEAMV (treatment difference −1.7%, 95% CI: (−3.3% to −0.1%); odds ratio = 0.53, 95% CI: (0.30, 0.94). The cumulative incidence of TEAMV for PRPC (2.9%) was significantly less than CPC (4.6%, p = .039). The incidence of ARDS was less, but not significantly different, for PRPC (1.0% vs. 1.8%, p = .151; odds ratio = 0.57, 95% CI: (0.27, 1.18). AE, pulmonary AE, and mortality were not different between cohorts. TRs were similar for PRPC and CPC (8.3% vs. 9.7%, p = .256); and allergic TR were significantly less with PRPC (p = .006). PC and RBC use were not increased with PRPC.DiscussionPRPC demonstrated reduced TEAMV with no excess treatment‐related pulmonary morbidity.
Development and Validation of a Framework for Predictive Simulation of Treadmill Gait
Authors: Pariser Kayla M. , Higginson Jill S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Treadmill training is a common intervention to promote healthy walking function for individuals with pathological gait. However, because of the heterogeneity of many patient populations, determining how an individual will respond to new treadmill protocols may require extensive trial and error, causing increased patient fatigue. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a framework for predictive simulation of treadmill gait, which may be used in the design of treadmill training protocols. This was accomplished through three steps: predict motion of a simple model of a block relative to a treadmill, create a predictive framework to estimate gait with a two-dimensional (2D) lower limb musculoskeletal model on a treadmill, and validate the framework by comparing predicted kinematics, kinetics, and spatiotemporal parameters across three belts speeds and between speed-matched overground and treadmill predictive simulations. Predicted states and ground reaction forces for the block-treadmill model were consistent with rigid body dynamics, and lessons learned regarding ground contact model and treadmill motion definition were applied to the gait model. Treadmill simulations at 0.7, 1.2, and 1.8 m/s belt speeds resulted in predicted sagittal plane joint angles, ground reaction forces, step length, and step time that closely matched experimental data at similar speeds. Predicted speed-matched overground and treadmill simulations resulted in small root-mean-square error (RMSE) values within standard deviations for healthy gait. These results suggest that this predictive simulation framework is valid and can be used to estimate gait adaptations to various treadmill training protocols.
A Quantitative Insight Into the Role of Skip Connections in Deep Neural Networks of Low Complexity: A Case Study Directed at Fluid Flow Modeling
Authors: Choubineh Abouzar , Chen Jie , Coenen Frans , Ma Fei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Deep feed-forward networks, with high complexity, backpropagate the gradient of the loss function from final layers to earlier layers. As a consequence, the “gradient” may descend rapidly toward zero. This is known as the vanishing gradient phenomenon that prevents earlier layers from benefiting from further training. One of the most efficient techniques to solve this problem is using skip connection (shortcut) schemes that enable the gradient to be directly backpropagated to earlier layers. This paper investigates whether skip connections significantly affect the performance of deep neural networks of low complexity or whether their inclusion has little or no effect. The analysis was conducted using four Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to predict four different multiscale basis functions for the mixed Generalized Multiscale Finite Element Method (GMsFEM). These models were applied to 249,375 samples. Three skip connection schemes were added to the base structure: Scheme 1 from the first convolutional block to the last, Scheme 2 from the middle to the last block, and Scheme 3 from the middle to the last and the second-to-last blocks. The results demonstrate that the third scheme is most effective, as it increases the coefficient of determination (R2) value by 0.0224–0.044 and decreases the Mean Squared Error (MSE) value by 0.0027–0.0058 compared to the base structure. Hence, it is concluded that enriching the last convolutional blocks with the information hidden in neighboring blocks is more effective than enriching using earlier convolutional blocks near the input layer.
Data-Driven Approaches for Characterization of Aerodynamics on Super High-Speed Elevators
Authors: Xie Jingren , Mao Shuai , Zhang Zhinan , Liu Chengliang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Modeling and characterizing high-dimensional aerodynamic pressures, on the elevator in the hoistway, is very challenging. An accurate model is helpful to understand and analyze the pressure characteristics, which is a vital consideration in the design of a competitive elevator. The current full-order models are usually governed by the Navier–Stokes equations and have low computational efficiency. A reduced-order model is thus necessary to improve computational efficiency. This work aims at investigating two data-driven approaches, for modeling and characterizing the aerodynamic pressures, i.e., proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) that are able to extract temporal–spatial structures from the data. A three-dimensional (3D) model of the realistic elevator is first built and simulation data of the aerodynamic pressures during the motion of the elevator in the hoistway is generated via computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Then, POD and DMD are employed to analyze the simulation data. It is found that through clustering techniques and since there exist local aerodynamic pressure pulses during the operation of the elevator, the aerodynamic pressure on the elevator has some distinct patterns. Therefore, cluster-based POD and DMD are further employed in the analysis. The results demonstrate that the cluster-based POD and DMD can achieve lower reconstruction errors than POD and DMD.
Noncorrosive Metal Complex Catalysts for Oxidation of Hydrogen Sulfide and Mercaptans in Petroleum Products
Authors: Pletneva I. V. , Gavrilov Yu. A. , Moiseeva N. I. , Gekhman A. E. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
High activity of metal complex catalytic systems comprising nitrogenous bases
and copper sulfates, acetates, and basic carbonate in oxidation of hydrogen
sulfide and light mercaptans with atmospheric oxygen was established. Their
activities are close to that observed for the chlorine-containing analogs, while
no corrosion effect is exerted. An increase in the initial concentration of
H2S has negligible effect on its conversion rate.
Mercaptans do not affect the H2S oxidation rate, whereas
an increase in the hydrogen sulfide concentration decelerates mercaptan
oxidation. This is a diffusion-controlled reaction; hence, intensification of
mixing of the catalyst with the hydrocarbons affords a 30–40% increase in the
demercaptanization efficiency. The efficiencies displayed in demercaptanization
processes by the catalytic systems and by the conventional scavengers
neutralizing light sulfur impurities were compared.