bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Limitations of Irony Detection in Dutch Social Media
Authors: Maladry Aaron , Lefever Els , Hee Cynthia Van , Hoste Véronique 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

In this paper, we explore the feasibility of irony detection in Dutch social media. To this end, we investigate both transformer models with embedding representations, as well as traditional machine learning classifiers with extensive feature sets. Our feature-based methodology implements a variety of information sources including lexical, semantic, syntactic, sentiment features, as well as two new data-driven features to model common sense.Based on patterns in the syntactic structure of tweets, we aim to model the presence of contrasting sentiments, a phenomenon that is known to be indicative of verbal irony and sarcasm.Feature selection, as well as voting ensemble techniques were implemented to enhance the classification performance.The final systems reach F1-scores up to 79%, which are promising results for a task as difficult as irony detection.Besides a quantitative analysis, this paper also describes a thorough qualitative analysis of the system output.Although lexical cues appear to be very important to express irony, our analysis also revealed the need for more advanced modeling of common-sense knowledge to detect more subtle examples of irony.
A study protocol of external validation of eight COVID-19 prognostic models for predicting mortality risk in older populations in a hospital, primary care, and nursing home setting
Authors: Zahra Anum , Luijken Kim , Abbink Evertine J. , Berg Jesse M. van den , Blom Marieke T. , Elders Petra , Festen Jan , Gussekloo Jacobijn , Joling Karlijn J. , Melis René , Mooijaart Simon , Peters Jeannette B. , Polinder-Bos Harmke , Raaij Bas F. M. van , Smorenberg Annemieke , Roi-Teeuw Hannah M. la , Moons Karel G.M. , Smeden Maarten van 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has a large impact worldwide and is known to particularly affect the older population. This paper outlines the protocol for external validation of prognostic models predicting mortality risk after presentation with COVID-19 in the older population. These prognostic models were originally developed in an adult population and will be validated in an older population (≥70 years of age) in three healthcare settings: the hospital setting, the primary care setting, and the nursing home setting.
Methods: Based on a living systematic review of COVID-19 prediction models, we identified eight prognostic models predicting the risk of mortality in adults with a COVID-19 infection (five COVID-19 specific models: GAL-COVID-19 mortality, 4C Mortality Score, NEWS2+ model, Xie model, and Wang clinical model and three pre-existing prognostic scores: APACHE-II, CURB65, SOFA). These eight models will be validated in six different cohorts of the Dutch elder population, three hospital cohorts, two primary care cohorts, and a nursing home cohort. All prognostic models will be validated in hospital setting while the GAL-COVID-19 mortality model will be validated in hospital, primary care, and nursing home settings. The study will include individuals ≥70 years of age with a highly suspected or PCR-confirmed COVID-19 infection from March 2020 to December 2020 (and up to December 2021 in a sensitivity analysis). The predictive performance will be evaluated in terms of discrimination, calibration, and decision curves for each of the COVID-19 prognostic models in each cohort individually. For prognostic models with indications of miscalibration, an intercept update will be performed after which predictive performance will be re-evaluated.
Discussion:Insight into the performance of existing prognostic models in one of the most vulnerable populations clarifies the extent to which tailoring of COVID-19 prognostic models is needed when models are applied to the older population. Such insight will be important for possible future waves of the COVID-19 pandemic or future pandemics.
Comparison of Clinical Safety and Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Local Lauromacrogol Injection Versus Uterine Artery Embolization in the Treatment of Caesarean Scar Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Du Ziwei , Xu Wenjian , Lu Jingyuan , Li Cheng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to introduce the relatively novel method of ultrasound-guided local lauromacrogol injection (USG-LLI) followed by dilatation and curettage for caesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) and investigate the clinical safety and efficacy between uterine artery embolization (UAE) and USG-LLI in the treatment of CSP.
Methods: The relevant literatures and articles about USG-LLI, UAE and CSP published in eight electronic databases were searched to extract the primary outcomes of the selected articles. RevMan 5.2 software was used for Quantitative synthesis. Bias analysis, forest plots and sensitivity analysis were also carried out on the included research.
Results: Of 10 studies included in our search, 623 patients were in the USG-LLI group and 627 patients were in the UAE groups. There were no significant differences between the two groups in success rates, blood loss and time to HCG normalization. However, USG-LLI group patients than UAE group patients had a shorter duration of hospital stay (MD = -1.97; 95%CI -2.63 to -1.31; P<0.05; I2=95%), shorter restored menses (MD = -4.84; 95%CI -5.78 to -3.90; P<0.05; I2=95%), and lower complication rates [odds ratio(OR)=0.21; 95%CI:0.15 to 0.30; P<0.05]; and cheaper on expenses of hospitalization (MD =-8028.29; 95%CI -10311.18 to -5745.40; P<0.05; I2=100%).
Conclusions: The results demonstrate that USG-LLI is comparable in curative effect and success rates with UAE in the therapy of CSP, but patients in the USG-LLI group seem to have fewer complications rates, shorter duration of hospital stays and lower costs.
Membership Inference Attacks Against Temporally Correlated Data in Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Gomrokchi Maziar , Amin Susan , Aboutalebi Hossein , Wong Alexander , Precup Doina 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
While significant research advances have been made in the field of deep reinforcement learning, there have been no concreteadversarial attack strategies in literature tailored for studying the vulnerability of deep reinforcement learning algorithms tomembership inference attacks. In such attacking systems, the adversary targets the set of collected input data on which thedeep reinforcement learning algorithm has been trained. To address this gap, we propose an adversarial attack frameworkdesigned for testing the vulnerability of a state-of-the-art deep reinforcement learning algorithm to a membership inferenceattack. In particular, we design a series of experiments to investigate the impact of temporal correlation, which naturally existsin reinforcement learning training data, on the probability of information leakage. Moreover, we compare the performance ofcollective and individual membership attacks against the deep reinforcement learning algorithm. Experimental results showthat the proposed adversarial attack framework is surprisingly effective at inferring data with an accuracy exceeding 84% inindividual and 97% in collective modes in three different continuous control Mujoco tasks, which raises serious privacy concernsin this regard. Finally, we show that the learning state of the reinforcement learning algorithm influences the level of privacybreaches significantly.
Developing a novel porous aggregated cBN wheel and evaluating its grinding performance during machining Ti–6Al–4V alloys
Authors: Zhao Biao , Huang Qiang , Zhang Minxiu , DING Wen-Feng , Xu Jiuhua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A novel porous aggregated cBN (AcBN) wheel was prepared under high-temperature sintering processes to ensure the desired machining efficiency and quality of Ti–6Al–4V alloys. The designations of pore structures and AcBN grains within metallic grinding wheels operating at the high efficiency deep grinding processes were conducted. Variations of grinding forces and force ratio, grinding temperature, specific grinding energy along with grinding parameters, was carried out. In addition, characterization analyses of grain wear morphologies of wheel surface were then performed with vitrified monocrystalline cBN (McBN) wheels and porous AcBN wheels. Findings show that the employment of Ti-coated cBN particles contributes to the improvement of chemical bonding strength between grains and metallic matrix alloys inside AcBN grains. Compared with the severe grain wear of vitrified McBN wheels, porous AcBN wheels possess the excellent wear resistance ability and desired machining quality, owing to the abundant chip storage space and micro-fracture properties of cBN particles.
Significantly different results in the ocular surface microbiome detected by tear paper and conjunctival swab
Authors: Chen Zhangling , Xiang Zhaoyu , Cui Lipu , Qin Xinran , Chen Shuli , Jin Huiyi , Zou Haidong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Great variation has been observed in the composition of the normal microbiota of the ocular surface, and therefore, in addition to differences in detection techniques, the method of collecting ocular surface specimens has a significant impact on the test results.The goal of this study is to ascertain whether the eye surface microbial communities detected by two different sampling methods are consistent and hence explore the feasibility of using tear test paper instead of conjunctival swabs to collect eye surface samples for microbial investigation.
Materials and methods: From July 15, 2021, to July 30, 2021, nonirritating tear test strips and conjunctival swabs of both eyes were used in 158 elderly people (> 60 years old) (79 diabetic and 79 nondiabetic adults) in Xinjing Community for high-throughput sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. The composition of the microbial communities in tear test paper and conjunctival swab samples was analyzed.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference in Alpha diversity of ocular surface microorganisms represented by tear strip and conjunctival swab in diabetic group (P > 0.05), but there was statistically significant difference in Alpha diversity of ocular surface microorganisms detected by tear strip and conjunctival swab in nondiabetic group (P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in Beta diversity of ocular surface microorganisms detected by two sampling methods between diabetic group and nondiabetic group (P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in ocular surface microorganisms detected by tear strip method between diabetic group and nondiabetic group (P < 0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference in conjunctival swab method (P > 0.05).
Conclusions: Tear test paper and conjunctival swabs detect different compositions of microbes through two different techniques of eye surface microbe sampling. Tear test paper cannot completely replace conjunctival swab specimens for the study of microbes related to eye surface diseases.
Hypoxia inducible factor-1a promotes trichogenic gene expression in human dermal papilla cells
Authors: Seo Jieun , Yan Lei , Kageyama Tatsuto , Nanmo Ayaka , Chun Yang-Sook , Fukuda Junji 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) play critical roles in hair follicle development, but the underlying mechanisms that contribute to hair regeneration have yet to be elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated that hypoxia-inducible factor-1a (HIF-1a) is suppressed in scalp tissues of androgenetic alopecia patients and potentially associated with hair follicle development. In DPCs, knockdown of HIF-1a was found to attenuate trichogenic gene expression levels. Under an in vivo mimicked environment in a three-dimensional spheroid culture, HIF-1a-suppressed DPCs downregulated the expression of hair induction-related genes. Finally, treatment with a HIF-1a activator resulted in the elevated expression of trichogenic genes in DPCs. This study highlights the importance of dermal HIF-1a expression in regulating trichogenic genes and provides a promising therapeutic target and a fundamental tissue engineering approach for hair loss treatment.
Macrophages support healing of ischemic injury by transdifferentiating towards mural cells and adopting functions important for vascular support
Authors: Parv Kristel , Hidalgo Carmen Herrera , Xu Feifei , Amoedo-Leite Catarina , Giraud Antoine , Holl Daniel , Seignez Cedric , Goeritz Christian , Christoffersson Gustaf , Phillipson Mia 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Sterile inflammation following injury is important for tissue restoration. In injured human and mouse tissues, macrophages were recently found to accumulate perivascularly. This study investigates if macrophages adopt a mural cell identity important for restoration following ischemic injury. Single-cell RNA-sequencing of fate-mapped macrophages from ischemic mouse muscles demonstrates an identity switch of a subpopulation of macrophages with downregulated myeloid cell genes and upregulated mural cell genes. This macrophage-to-mural cell switch was further strengthened when including unspliced transcripts in the analysis. Induction of macrophage-specific PDGFRβ-deficiency prevented the perivascular macrophage phenotype, impaired vessel maturation and increased vessel leakiness, which ultimately reduced limb function. In conclusion, macrophages in adult ischemic tissue were demonstrated to undergo a transdifferentiation program to morphologically, transcriptomically and functionally resemble mural cells while losing their macrophage identity. The macrophage-to-mural cell switch is crucial for restored tissue function, and warrants exploration for future immunotherapies to enhance healing following injury.
Positioning of a conical cutter for centrifugal blades finish machining based on the best uniform approximation (BUA) method
Authors: Dong Lei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
To demonstrate the closeness between the tool and nominal surfaces during the flank milling of centrifugal blades, discrete points on the conical cutter tool axis are projected in the nominal surface normal direction, and a mapping curve on the conical surface is obtained. On this basis, a novel toolpath planning method, under hub surface constraints, is proposed for flank milling centrifugal blades using a conical cutter based on the BUA method. This is a nonlinear optimisation problem, therefore the programming linearisation method is provided. The effectiveness of the proposed BUA method is verified via numerical example of a ruled surface and compared with the least square (LS) and two-point offset (DPO) methods. The influence of the conical cutter cone angle on the planning error is also analysed. The proposed BUA method is also applied to a centrifugal blade flank milling numerical example and its feasibility is verified.
Genetic and phenotypic spectrum of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with CCNF variants from a large Chinese cohort
Authors: Zhao Bi , Jiang Qirui , Lin Junyu , Wei Qianqian , Li Chunyu , Hou Yanbing , Cao Bei , Zhang Lingyu , Ou Ruwei , Liu Kuncheng , Yang Tianmi , Xiao Yi , Shang Huifang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Cyclin F (CCNF) variants have been found to be associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) / frontotemporal dementia (FTD). However, the genetic and clinical characteristics of ALS patients carrying CCNFvariants are largely unknown.
Methods: Genetic analysis was performed in 1587 Chinese ALS patients and the missense variants were predicted by software. Additionally, we searched PubMed, Embase and Web of Science for relevant literatures and conducted a meta-analysis of the frequency of variants.
Results: In our ALS cohort, we identified 29 nonsynonymous variants in 41 ALS patients, among which, 18 ALS patients (1.1%) carried 15 rare missense variants which were considered as probably pathogenic variants and 11 of 15 variants were novel. Seven relevant studies were identified and a total of 43 CCNFvariants in 59 ALS patients with a frequency of 0.8% were reported. The ratio of male to female in our cohort (10/8) was similar to that in Caucasians (4/7) and significantly higher than that in Asians (10/1). The proportion of bulbar onset in Caucasian CCNF carriers was similar to our cohort (25.0% vs. 27.8%), however, bulbar onset had never been reported in previous Asian studies (0/11). FTD was not found in CCNF carriers in previous Asian studies and our cohort, but it has been reported in a FALS cohorts (1/75) in Caucasians.
Conclusion: There were some differences in the clinical characteristics among different ethnic ALS populations. More basic scientific researches are needed to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms and genotype-phenotype associations of CCNF variants.
Experimental Analysis (EA) and Finite Element Modeling (FEM) of standard, micro-wave and double-wave corrugated cardboard structures for the manufacturing of food packaging
Authors: Russo Franco Maria Di , Desole Maria Pia , Gisario Annamaria , Barletta Massimiliano 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to study the mechanical behavior of corrugated board boxes, focusing attention on the strength that the same boxes are able to offer in compression under stacking conditions. A preliminary design of the corrugated cardboard structures starting from the definition of each individual layer, namely the outer liners and the innermost flute, was carried out. For this purpose, three distinct types of corrugated board structures that include flutes with different characteristics, namely the high wave (C), the medium wave (B) and even the micro-wave (E), were considered. First, experimental tests were carried out to determine the mechanical properties of the different layers of the corrugated board structures. Tensile tests were performed on samples extracted from the paper reels used as base material for the manufacturing of the liners and flutes. Instead, Edge Crush Test (ECT) and Box Compression Test (BCT) were directly performed on the corrugated cardboard structures. Secondly, a parametric Finite Element (FE) model to allow, on a comparative basis, the study of the mechanical response of the three different types of corrugated cardboard structures was developed. Lastly, a comparison between the available experimental results and the outputs of the FE model was carried out, with the same model being also adapted to evaluate additional structures where the E micro-wave was usefully combined with the B or C wave in a double-wave configuration.
C-subfamily ATP Binding Cassette Transporters Extrude the Calcium Fluorescent Probe Fluo-4 from a Cone Photoreceptor Cell Line
Authors: García-de-Diego Antonio-Miguel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Whole transcriptome sequencing has revealed the existence of mRNAs for multiple membrane transporters in photoreceptors. Except for ATP binding cassette (ABC) member A4, involved in the retinoid cycle, an understanding of the function of most transport proteins in photoreceptors is lacking. In this research paper extrusion of fluo-4, a Ca2+ fluorescent probe, from 661W cells, a cone photoreceptor murine cell line was studied with
Methods
online fluorometry and immunocytochemistry.
Results
Fluo-4 efflux was temperature dependent, required ATP but not extracellular Na+, was not affected by pH in the range 5.4-8.4, and followed saturating kinetics with a km of nearly 4 μM, suggesting it was effected by ABC type transporters. A panel of antagonists showed an inhibitory profile typical of the C subfamily of ABC transporters. Immunofluorescence staining was positive for ABCC3, ABCC4 and ABCC5.
Conclusion
These experimental results are compatible with fluo-4 being extruded from 661W cones by one or a combination of C-type ABC transporters. Examination of physicochemical descriptors related to drug membrane permeability and ABCs substrate binding region further suggested efflux of fluo-4 by C-type ABC transporters. Possible functions of this transport mechanism in photoreceptors are discussed.
Association between Familial Aggregation of Chronic Kidney Disease and Its Incidence and Progression: A Nationwide Family Cohort Study in Korea
Authors: Kim Jae Young , Chun Sung-youn , Lim Hyunsun , Chang Tae Ik 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to examine the association between familial aggregation of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and risk of CKD development and its progression.
Methods
This nationwide family study comprised 881,453 cases with newly diagnosed CKD between 2004 and 2017 and 881,453 controls without CKD matched by age and sex, using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service with linkage to the family tree database. The risks of CKD development and disease progression, defined as an incident end-stage renal disease (ESRD), were evaluated.
Results
The presence of any affected family member with CKD was associated with a significantly higher risk of CKD with adjusted ORs (95% CI) of 1.42 (1.38–1.45), 1.50 (1.46–1.55), 1.70 (1.64–1.77), and 1.30 (1.27–1.33) for individuals with affected parents, offspring, siblings, and spouses, respectively. In Cox models conducted on patients with predialysis CKD, risk of incident ESRD was significantly higher in those with affected family members with ESRD. The corresponding HRs (95% CI) were 1.10 (1.05–1.15), 1.38 (1.32–1.46), 1.57 (1.49–1.65), and 1.14 (1.08–1.19) for individuals listed above, respectively.
Conclusions
Familial aggregation of CKD was strongly associated with a higher risk of CKD development and disease progression to ESRD.
Design of supercapacitor electrodes constructed with silicene-polythiophene nanocomposites
Authors: Molele Donald Tlou , Saliu Oluwaseyi Damilare , Ramontja James 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study silicene nanosheets (SNs) were prepared by molten salt chemical exfoliation, and polythiophene (PTh) and SNs/PTh nanocomposites were prepared via in-situ chemical oxidative polymerisation method. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the formation of SNs, PTh, and a series of SNs/PTh nanocomposites in three different ratios. XRD confirmed the formation of crystalline SNs, the amorphous nature of PTh, and crystalline SNs and amorphous PTh in the nanocomposites. FESEM revealed corrugated sheets of silicene, aggregated PTh with granular globes and flakes, in the case of SNs/PTh nanocomposites, PTh granular globes and flakes are fairly dispersed over the surface of the SNs. TEM showed almost transparent and reduced-stacking of SNs, aggregated PTh flakes and SNs/PTh nanocomposites exhibited fairly and even PTh flakes over SNs surface. The electrochemical results showed that SNs/PTh nanocomposites exhibit higher specific capacitance, energy density and stable cycling performance compared to individual SNs and PTh. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements showed that the best performing supercapacitor electrode, SNs/PTh-67 nanocomposite, attained a specific capacitance of 276.25 F/g at a scan rate of5 mV/s and delivered energy density of 13.8 Wh/kg. SNs/PTh-67 nanocomposite also exhibited excellent cycling stability with capacitance retention of 85.9% of its initial capacitance after 2000 consecutive charge-discharge cycles at a current density of 4 A/g. This study provides the first insight into the feasibility of using SNs/PTh-67 nanocomposite as a stable and high-performance electrode material for supercapacitors.