bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One-year recurrence of stroke and death in Lebanese survivors of first-ever stroke: Time-to-Event analysis
Authors: Boutros Celina F. , Khazaal Walaa , Taliani Maram , Said Sadier Najwane , Salameh Pascale , Hosseini Hassan 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundTo date, despite the application of secondary prevention worldwide, first-ever stroke survivors remain at imminent risk of stroke recurrence and death in the short and long term. The present study aimed to assess the cumulative risk rates and identify baseline differences and stroke characteristics of Lebanese survivors.MethodsA prospective longitudinal study was conducted among survivors ≥18 years old who were followed-up for 15 months through a face-to-face interview. Kaplan–Meier method was used to calculate the cumulative rates of stroke mortality and recurrence. Cox-regression univariate and multivariable analyses were performed to identify the predictors of both outcomes.ResultsAmong 150 subjects (mean age 74 ± 12 years; 58.7% men vs. 44.3% women; 95.3% with ischemic stroke vs. 4.3% with intracerebral hemorrhage), high cumulative risk rates of stroke recurrence (25%) and death (21%) were highlighted, especially in the acute phase. Survival rates were lesser in patients with stroke recurrence compared to those without recurrence (Log rank testp&lt; 0.001). Older age was the main predictor for both outcomes (p&lt; 0.02). Large artery atherosclerosis was predominant in patients with stroke recurrence and death compared to small vessel occlusion (p&lt; 0.02). Higher mental component summary scores of quality of life were inversely associated with stroke recurrence (p&lt; 0.01). Lebanese survivors exhibited the highest percentages of depression and anxiety; elevated Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores were seen in those with stroke recurrence and those who died (≥80% with mean HADS scores ≥8). Lower Mini-Mental State Examination scores at the acute phase increased the risk of both outcomes by 10% (p&lt; 0.03). Three out of 13 mortalities (23.1%) were presented with early epileptic seizures (p= 0.012). High educational level was the protective factor against stroke recurrence (p= 0.019). Administration of intravenous thrombolysis decreased the risk of both outcomes by 10% (p&gt; 0.05).ConclusionHigher rates of stroke recurrence and death were observed in the first year following a stroke in Lebanon. Various factors were identified as significant determinants. Thus, health care providers and officials in Lebanon can use these findings to implement effective preventive strategies to best address the management of these factors to reduce the stroke burden and improve the short and long-term prognosis of stroke survivors.
Various presentations of the olfactory hallucination in two patients with migraine disease: Case report
Authors: Partovi Omeed , Tolebeyan Amir Soheil 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesTo report two different presentations of migraine with the olfactory hallucinations. A case with the typical hallucinatory olfactory symptoms preceding migraine headaches and another case with longstanding olfactory hallucinations.BackgroundMigraine prevails in about 12% of the general population, with the migraine aura accountable for at least one-third of these cases. The most common aura is the visual aura, followed by the sensory aura, speech, and motor auras. Olfactory hallucinations preceding the headache phase of migraine are rare. To date, the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD) has not recognized them as a subset of migraine aura.ResultsThis report presents a patient with a typical Phantosmia (PO) aura before her migraine headache and a patient who experiences a longstanding PO aura.ConclusionThe olfactory hallucination may present differently in patients with migraine disease. Based on the clinical significance of migraine with olfactory hallucinations, we propose that the ICHD classify this phenomenon as a subtype of aura in the future. However, larger studies are still required to better assess the pathophysiology of this phenomenon.
High tumor mutation burden indicates better prognosis in colorectal cancer patients with KRAS mutations
Authors: Wang Jianlei , Song Jianping , Liu Zeyang , Zhang Tingxiao , Liu Yanfeng 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveColorectal cancer (CRC) is a common type of malignant tumor of the digestive tract. Tumor mutation burden (TMB) is a potential prognostic indicator of numerous malignant tumors. This study investigated the prognostic value of TMB in CRC.MethodsThis study analyzed the clinical and somatic mutation data of patients with CRC from the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohorts. The genetic landscape was visualized using the maftools package in R software. Survival curves were constructed using the Kaplan–Meier method, and Cox regression analysis was performed to confirm that TMB is an independent prognostic indicator. A nomogram was developed to construct the prognostic model, which was evaluated using the C-index, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis.ResultsIn patients with CRC, APC mutations indicated longer overall survival (OS), whereas KRAS mutations indicated shorter OS. For all included patients, there was no significant difference in the OS between the TMB-high and TMB-low groups. For patients with KRAS mutations, the OS in the TMB-high group was longer than that in the TMB-low group. Cox regression analysis showed that TMB was an independent prognostic factor in CRC patients with KRAS mutations. This explains the good accuracy of the nomogram prognostic model using TMB and indicates its good prospect in clinical applications.ConclusionsA high TMB indicates better prognosis in CRC patients with KRAS mutations, thus confirming the value of TMB in clinical applications.
Laparoscopic versus open liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in elderly patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of propensity score-matched studies
Authors: Wang Shi , Ye Guanxiong , Wang Jun , Xu Shengqian , Ye Qiaoping , Ye Hailin 
Published: November 2022

PurposeLaparoscopic liver resection (LLR) is a widely practiced therapeutic method and holds several advantages over open liver resection (OLR) including less postoperative pain, lower morbidity, and faster recovery. However, the effect of LLR for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in elderly patients remains controversial. Therefore, we aimed to perform the first meta-analysis of propensity score-matched (PSM) studies to compare the short- and long-term outcomes of LLR versus OLR for elderly patients with HCC.MethodsDatabases including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched until April 2022 for eligible studies that compared LLR and OLR for the treatment of HCC in elderly patients. Short-term outcomes include postoperative complications, blood loss, surgical time, and length of hospital stay. Long-term outcomes include overall survival (OS) rate and disease-free survival (DFS) rate at 1, 3, and 5 years.ResultsA total of 12 trials involving 1,861 patients (907 in the LLR group, 954 in the OLR group) were included. Compared with OLR, LLR was associated with lower postoperative complications (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.62, P &lt; 0.00001, I2 = 0%), less blood loss (MD −285.69, 95% CI −481.72 to −89.65, P = 0.004, I2 = 96%), and shorter hospital stay (MD −7.88, 95% CI −11.38 to −4.37, P &lt; 0.0001, I2 = 96%), whereas operation time (MD 17.33, 95% CI −6.17 to 40.83, P = 0.15, I2 = 92%) was insignificantly different. Furthermore, there were no significant differences for the OS and DFS rates at 1, 3, and 5 years.ConclusionsFor elderly patients with HCC, LLR offers better short-term outcomes including a lower incidence of postoperative complications and shorter hospital stays, with comparable long-term outcomes when compared with the open approach. Our results support the implementation of LLR for the treatment of HCC in elderly patients.Systematic review registrationhttps://inplasy.com/inplasy-2022-4-0156/, identifier INPLASY202240156.
Clinical characteristics and etiology of children with bronchiolitis before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Suzhou, China
Authors: Jiang Xiaohui , Wang Ting , Dai Ge , Sun Huiming , Jiang Wujun , Chen Zhengrong , Yan Yongdong 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveWe sought to compare the clinical characteristics and etiology of children with bronchiolitis in Suzhou before the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with those during the pandemic.MethodsChildren who were hospitalized with bronchiolitis in the Department of Respiratory Disease, Children's Hospital of Soochow University were retrospectively enrolled over 3 consecutive years (2019, 2020, and 2021) from February 1 to January 31. Medical records were reviewed for etiology, clinical manifestations, and laboratory examination results.ResultsThe pathogen detection rate and the positive respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) detection rate were lowest in 2020 and highest in 2021. The rate of human rhinovirus detection in 2021 was higher than that in 2019 but similar to that in 2020. The RSV-positive rate differences among the 3 years varied by age group. Regarding the monthly distribution of RSV-positive cases over the 3-year study, all age groups showed a significant increase in the number of cases during the winter of 2021, and this increase started as early as October. With regard to clinical manifestations, the proportion of children presenting with stuffy nose rhinorrhea in 2021 [73.33% (165/225)] was greater than that in 2019 [48.61% (122/251)] and 2020 [57.06% (97/170)], while the proportion of children with gastrointestinal symptoms in 2021 [11.56% (26/225)] was smaller than that in 2019 [25.50% (64/251)] but similar to that in 2020 [17.06% (29/170)].ConclusionsAfter the implementation of COVID-19 pandemic-related interventions, significantly lower pathogen detection and RSV-positive rates were observed in children with bronchiolitis in 2020. An upward trend in these rates was observed in 2021, coinciding with the relaxation of COVID-19 prevention measures. Strengthening infection control and surveillance systems is extremely important for future work.
The impact of pharmacists’ interventions within the Closed Loop Medication Management process on medication safety: An analysis in a German university hospital
Authors: Berger Vivien , Sommer Christian , Boje Peggy , Hollmann Josef , Hummelt Julia , König Christina , Lezius Susanne , Linde Annika van der , Marhenke Corinna , Melzer Simone , Michalowski Nina , Baehr Michael , Langebrake Claudia 
Published: November 2022

Background: Single elements of the Closed Loop Medication Management process (CLMM), including electronic prescribing, involvement of clinical pharmacists (CPs), patient individual logistics and digital administration/documentation, have shown to improve medication safety and patient health outcomes. The impact of the complete CLMM on patient safety, as reflected in pharmacists’ interventions (PIs), is largely unknown.Aim: To evaluate the extent and characterization of routine PIs performed by hospital-wide CPs at a university hospital with an implemented CLMM.Methods: This single-center study included all interventions documented by CPs on five self-chosen working days within 1 month using the validated online-database DokuPIK (Documentation of Pharmacists’ Interventions in the Hospital). Based on different workflows, two groups of CPs were compared. One group operated as a part of the CLMM, the “Closed Loop Clinical Pharmacists” (CL-CPs), while the other group worked less dependent of the CLMM, the “Process Detached Clinical Pharmacists” (PD-CPs). The professional experience and the number of medication reviews were entered in an online survey. Combined pseudonymized datasets were analyzed descriptively after anonymization.Results: A total of 1,329 PIs were documented by nine CPs. Overall CPs intervened in every fifth medication review. The acceptance rate of PIs was 91.9%. The most common reasons were the categories “drugs” (e.g., indication, choice of formulation/drug and documentation/transcription) with 42.7%, followed by “dose” with 29.6%. One-quarter of PIs referred to the therapeutic subgroup “J01 antibacterials for systemic use.” Of the 1,329 underlying PIs, 1,295 were classified as medication errors (MEs) and their vast majority (81.5%) was rated as “error, no harm” (NCC MERP categories B-D). Among PIs performed by CL-CPs (n = 1,125), the highest proportion of errors was categorized as B (56.5%), while in the group of PIs from PD-CPs (n = 170) errors categorized as C (68.2%) dominated (p &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: Our study shows that a structured CLMM enables CPs to perform a high number of medication reviews while detecting and solving MEs at an early stage before they can cause harm to the patient. Based on key quality indicators for medication safety, the complete CLMM provides a suitable framework for the efficient medication management of inpatients.
Patchouli alcohol improved diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome by regulating excitatory neurotransmission in the myenteric plexus of rats
Authors: Chen Wanyu , Liao Lu , Huang Zitong , Lu Yulin , Lin Yukang , Pei Ying , Yi Shulin , Huang Chen , Cao Hongying , Tan Bo 
Published: November 2022

Background and Purpose: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is usually associated with chronic gastrointestinal disorders. Its most common subtype is accompanied with diarrhea (IBS-D). The enteric nervous system (ENS) modulates major gastrointestinal motility and functions whose aberration may induce IBS-D. The enteric neurons are susceptible to long-term neurotransmitter level alterations. The patchouli alcohol (PA), extracted from Pogostemonis Herba, has been reported to regulate neurotransmitter release in the ENS, while its effectiveness against IBS-D and the underlying mechanism remain unknown.Experimental Approach: In this study, we established an IBS-D model in rats through chronic restraint stress. We administered the rats with 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg of PA for intestinal and visceral examinations. The longitudinal muscle myenteric plexus (LMMP) neurons were further immunohistochemically stained for quantitative, morphological, and neurotransmitters analyses.Key Results: We found that PA decreased visceral sensitivity, diarrhea symptoms and intestinal transit in the IBS-D rats. Meanwhile, 10 and 20 mg/kg of PA significantly reduced the proportion of excitatory LMMP neurons in the distal colon, decreased the number of acetylcholine (Ach)- and substance P (SP)-positive neurons in the distal colon and restored the levels of Ach and SP in the IBS-D rats.Conclusion and Implications: These findings indicated that PA modulated LMMP excitatory neuron activities, improved intestinal motility and alleviated IBS-induced diarrheal symptoms, suggesting the potential therapeutic efficacy of PA against IBS-D.
Association of drinking water and environmental sanitation with diarrhea among under-five children: Evidence from Kersa demographic and health surveillance site, eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Mulatu Gutema , Ayana Galana Mamo , Girma Haileyesus , Mulugeta Yohannis , Daraje Gamachis , Geremew Abraham , Dheresa Merga 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundDiarrhea remains one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity, despite the global progression of eradicating the burden of diarrhea-related morbidity and mortality in the past two decades. In Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries, there is inadequate supply and sanitation of safe water. However, there is a lack of literature that estimates the impact of drinking water and sanitation service on childhood diarrhea in Kersa Demographic and Health Surveillance. Therefore, the current study aimed to assess the prevalence and effect of water supply and environmental sanitation on diarrhea among under-five children from 2017 to 2021 in Kersa Demographic and Health Surveillance, Eastern Ethiopia.MethodA prospective cohort study design was implemented among 6,261 children from the Kersa Health Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS), Eastern Ethiopia, from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2021. STATA statistical software was used to extract data from the datasets. The binary logistic regression was used to identify the impact of water supply and environmental sanitation on diarrhea by controlling important confounders. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval measures this association.ResultThe current study showed that among 6,261 under-five children, 41.75% of them had developed active diarrhea during the follow-up time. The final model depicted that having media exposure of 22% [AOR - 0.78 CI: (0.61, 0.98)], a protected tube well source of drinking water of 50% [AOR - 1.50, CI: (1.32, 1.71)], unprotected tube well source of drinking water of 66% [AOR - 1.66 CI: (1.27, 2.18)], having toilet facility of 13% [AOR - 0.87 CI: (0.78, 0.97)], and accessibility of source of water [AOR - 1.17 CI: (1.05, 1.30)] showed a significant association with diarrhea among under-five children.ConclusionThe prevalence of diarrhea is found to be high in the Kersa District. The main predictors of diarrhea under five were a lack of latrines, an unimproved source of drinking water, and a distance from access to drinking water. The study setting should focus on increasing the adequacy of safe drinking water and sanitation.
Acute submaximal exercise does not impact aspects of cognition and BDNF in people with spinal cord injury: A pilot study
Authors: Nhan Keegan , Todd Kendra R. , Jackson Garett S. , Van der Scheer Jan W. , Dix Gabriel U. , Martin Ginis Kathleen A. , Little Jonathan P. , Walsh Jeremy J. 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of acute submaximal exercise, based on the spinal cord injury (SCI) Exercise Guidelines, on cognition and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in people with SCI.DesignEight adults (7 males) with traumatic SCI volunteered in this pre-registered pilot study. In randomized order, participants completed submaximal intensity arm cycling (60% of measured peak-power output at 55–60 rpm) for 30 min or time-matched quiet rest (control condition) on separate days. Blood-borne BDNF was measured in serum and plasma at pre-intervention, 0 min and 90 min post-intervention. Cognition was assessed using the Stroop Test and Task-Switching Test on an electronic tablet pre- and 10 min post-intervention.ResultsSubmaximal exercise had no effect on plasma [F(2,12) = 1.09; P = 0.365; η² = 0.069] or serum BDNF [F(2,12) = 0.507; P = 0.614; η² = 0.024] at either 0 min or 90 min post-intervention. Similarly, there was no impact of exercise on either Stroop [F(1,7) = 2.05; P = 0.195; η² = 0.065] or Task-Switching performance [F(1,7) = 0.016; P = 0.903; η² &lt; 0.001] compared to the control condition. Interestingly, there was a positive correlation between years since injury and resting levels of both plasma (r = 0.831; P = 0.011) and serum BDNF (r = 0.799; P = 0.023). However, there was not relationship between years since injury and the BDNF response to exercise.ConclusionsAcute guideline-based exercise did not increase BDNF or improve aspects of cognition in persons with SCI. This work establishes a foundation for continued investigations of exercise as a therapeutic approach to promoting brain health among persons with SCI.
Surgical site infection prevention practice and associated factors among nurses working at public hospitals of the western part of southern nation, nationalities, and peoples’ region, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Tesfaye Tamene , Dheresa Merga , Worku Teshager , Dechasa Deribe Bekele , Asfaw Henock , Bune Abera Jambo 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundSurgical site infection is a major hazard for surgical patients and compromises their quality of life. Its effect is higher in developing countries compared to developed countries. Most of the studies done in Ethiopia regarding surgical site infection prevention practice on nurses who were not directly exposed to wound care, thus it produces less reliable results. Therefore, we aimed to assess surgical wound infection prevention practice among nurses who are directly involved in the care.ObjectiveTo assess surgical site infection prevention practice and associated factors among nurses working at public hospitals in the western part of the southern nation, nationalities, and peoples’ regions from March 1–31, 2020.MethodsAn institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from March 1–31, 2020 among randomly selected 402 study participants. A structured and pretested questionnaire was used. EpiData Version 3.1 and Statistical Package for Social Science Version 20 were used for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable analysis was undertaken and p-value less than 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe overall good self-reported surgical site infection prevention practice of nurses was 46% (95% CI: 41.3, 50.7). Nurses who were BSc degree (AOR = 2.04; 95% CI: 1.31, 3.18), working in the units having surgical site infection prevention guidelines (AOR = 2.45; 95% CI: 1.34, 4.47), had ever taken infection prevention training (AOR = 2.23; 95% CI: 1.42, 3.49), had good knowledge (AOR = 1.82;95% CI: 1.13, 2.90) and had good attitude (AOR = 2.61;95% CI: 1.67, 4.10) performed good surgical site infection prevention activities as compared to their counterparts.ConclusionNurses’ surgical site infection prevention practice was found to be low. To upgrade nurses’ practice the hospitals should develop their surgical site infection prevention guidelines based on WHO recommendations and provide training on it.
Tb3+ Ion Optical and Magneto-Optical Properties in the Cubic Crystals KTb3F10
Authors: Valiev Uygun V. , Karimov Denis N. , Ma Chong-Geng , Sultonov Odiljon Z. , Pelenovich Vasiliy O. 
Published: November 2022

The optical and magneto-optical characteristics of KTb3F10 crystals in the transition region of 5D4 → 7F6 4f8 configurations of the Tb3+ ion at temperatures of 90 and 300 K were studied. The schemes of the optical transitions in the KTb3F10 crystals were constructed, and the energies of most of the Stark sublevels of the ground 7F6 and excited 5D4 multiplets of the Tb3+ ion split by the C4v symmetry crystal environment were determined. The presence of three- and two-doublet states in the energy spectra of the Tb3+ion multiplets 7F6 and 5D4, respectively, was established, which is in good agreement with theoretical predictions. The use of the wavefunctions of the Stark sublevels of multiplets split by a tetragonal crystal field and combining in the studied optical transition made it possible to explain some of the magnetic and magneto-optical features observed in the KTb3F10 single crystals.