bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Zinc oxide on thermal conductivity and dielectric properties For Epoxy/palm oil Composite in engineering application
Authors: ali nadia abbas , Hassan Diyar J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The dielectric properties of epoxy/palm oil fiber composites at different concentrations 1,3,5, and 10% by weight, and frequency ranging from 100 Hz to 1000kHz.Epoxy, zinc oxide and oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB)fiber composites were prepared by hand –lay up into sheets. The effects of incorporated fibers on the electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity of the composites were investigated. The electrical conductivity of the composites decreased with increasing OPEFB fiber content. Despite the slight decrease in conductivity, the composites still sufficiently conductive relatively to applications such as sensors after the fiber addition, the thermal conductivity increased to 0.41 W/m.k which was observed with the addition of 10% OPEFB fiber composites, and increased for hybridization of oil palm EFB with zinc oxide allows an increased in thermal conductivity of oil palm composites and their dielectric constant and dispersion factor increases with frequency. AC breakdown strength increased and then decreased as a mass fraction of Zinc oxide increase.
Impact of the Primary Care residents on the productivity of the ambulatory health centres in Portugal: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Reis Ivo , Envia Gonçalo , Santos Paulo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The presence of residents in Primary Care health centres may influence their operational results.
Aim
To establish the relationship between the presence of residents and the results of the evaluation in Portuguese Primary Care Health Centres.
Methods
We conduct a cross-sectional study, comparing the results achieved by the mainland Portuguese Primary Care Health Centres measured by the Global Performance Index (Índice de desempenho global – IDG) by the presence of General & Family Medicine residents in training. Analysis took in consideration the region and typology of the health centres.
Results
We evaluated 906 units, 55.7% involved in the training of General & Family Medicine internship. The presence of residents was associated with higher Global Performance Index values (77.3 vs 57.6; p < 0.001). The higher difference was found in the less developed Personalized Health Care Units and in the region of Lisbon and Tagus Valley.
Conclusion
The presence of residents in training is a relevant factor in the productivity of the Primary Health Care facilities. It may model the asymmetry in the performance of Portuguese Health Centres.
Polymer Catalyst with Double "Zipper" Conformations for Formatting Substrate-Sieving Catalytic Ability
Authors: Zhang Ziwen , Zhang Yuan , Shen Xiaojuan , Zhu Maiyong , Li Songjun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study is aimed at booming intelligent catalysts, suggesting a bio-inspired polymer catalyst with substrate-sieving catalytic ability. By mimicking the hierarchical multi-level structures in biopolymers, this polymer catalyst was fabricated with metal nanoparticles and double "zipper" conformations individually made of polymeric hydrogen bonds and complexing interactions. Owing to the discrepant strength of both interactions against temperature, the double zipper conformations led to a hierarchical disruption of the two interactions and stepwise disaggregation of the polymeric networks and as a result the substrate-sieving catalytic ability. This catalyst didn't present effective catalysis at low temperatures because of the blocked networks. With the increasing temperatures, this catalyst would first present catalysis towards small molecules of substrate and then further towards bigger molecules of substrate, by virtue of the hierarchical disruption of the weaker hydrogen bonds and the stronger complexing interactions. In this way, this catalyst assumed the substrate-sieving catalytic ability. The protocol of this catalyst suggests a prospect to modulate the catalytic proceedings, particularly for complicated processes.
Elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio induced by tumor and immune cells promotes gastric cancer progression during PD-1 antibody-based treatment
Authors: Zhou Chenfei , Yang Hui , Guo Liting , Cai Qu , Xi Wenqi , Liu Jing , Yuan Fei , Zhang Huan , Yan Chao , Zhu Zhenggang , Zhang Jun , Huang Lei , Shi Yan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Biomarkers of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in advanced gastric cancer (AGC) are under investigation. In present study, correlation between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and efficacy of ICIs treatment in AGC patients as well as its underlying mechanisms were investigated based on clinical cases and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis. NLRs early after treatment were correlated with disease progression and poor progression-free survival (PFS) of AGC patients. Neutrophil cluster1 (NE-C1) divided by scRNA-seq was the major cluster in peripheral blood samples and its proportion increased after PD-1 antibody treatment. NE-C1 had a neutrophil activation phenotype with high expression of MMP9, S100A8, S100A9, PORK2, and TGF-β1. Subclusters of malignant epithelial cells (EP-C4) and M2 macrophages (MF-C1, MF-C2) showed high neutrophil activating phenotypes. Strong interactions among NE-C1, EP-C4, MF-C1 and MF-C2 were identified. In summary, posttreatment NLR can be an early prognostic biomarker of AGC patients treated by PD-1 antibody-based therapy. Neutrophils activated by both tumor cells and M2 macrophages participate in promoting gastric cancer progression during PD-1 antibody-based treatment.
Genetic evidence for a causal relationship between obesity and obstructive sleep apnea with individual level data: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Yin Shankai , Li Xinyi , Wang Tao , Jin Li , Wu Kejia , Li Chenyang , Li Zhiqiang , Hu Cheng , Yi Hongliang , Guan Jian , Xu Huajun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Both obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and obesity are highly prevalent worldwide, and are intrinsically linked. Previous studies showed that obesity is one of the major risk factors for OSA, but the causality of the relationship is still unclear. The study was to investigate the causal relationships of overall obesity and abdominal obesity with OSA and its quantitative traits. Methods: In this case-control study, a total of 7,134 participants, including 4,335 moderate-to-severe OSA diagnosed by standard polysomnography and 2,799 community-based controls were enrolled. Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected. Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed using the genetic risk score, based on 29 body mass index (BMI)- and 11 waist-hip-ratio (WHR)-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms as instrumental variables. The causal associations of these genetic scores with OSA and its quantitative phenotypes were analyzed. Results: Obesity was strongly correlated with OSA in observational analysis (β= 0.055, P = 3.7 × 10−5). In MR analysis, each increase by one standard deviation in BMI was associated with increased OSA risk [odds ratio (OR): 2.21, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.62–3.02, P = 5.57 × 10−7] and with 2.72-, 4.68-, and 3.25-fold increases in AHI, ODI, and MAI, respectively (all P < 0.05) in men. However, no causal associations were found between WHR and OSA risk or OSA quantitative traits in men and women. Conclusions: Compared to abdominal obesity, overall obesity showed a causal relationship with OSA and its quantitative traits, especially in men.
C3P-RPL: A collaborative and proactive approach for optimal peer to peer path selection and sustenance.
Authors: T Anusha , M Pushpalatha 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Internet of Things is evolving from information gathering platforms into collaborative systems where smart devices actively interact with each other in a seamless manner. For instance, Internet of Robotic Things is envisioned to provide augmented solutions through collaboration of varied smart devices and robots. These visions revolve around the ability of smart devices to directly communicate and cooperate with each other in real time. In this context, this paper is an attempt to study RPL’s point to point routing that creates multi-hop paths between peer nodes. This standard routing protocol is known for robust and failsafe upward paths but its peer to peer (P2P) routes are reported to be sub optimal. This work assesses P2P performance of RPL’s storing mode in a network of new generation devices having higher memory. Further, a Collaborative and Proactive Peer to Peer (C3P) path selection and sustenance approach is proposed where root node collates incremental topology from collaborative nodes and disseminates optimal single source shortest path trees SPT(n). A progressive node betweenness centrality score ensures spread out paths. Minor topology changes are accommodated through incremental node and edge updates to targeted SPT(n) locally. Storing SPTs in intermediate nodes reduces storage and packet size. Through simulations and testbed experiments, it is proven that C3P-RPL improves simultaneous peer to peer communication between all the nodes. Specifically, the path length is reduced by 30% and subsequently the network latency drops by 65% in an experimental testbed of 47 nodes, making it suitable for collaborations.
Rhamnus crenata leaves exhibit anti-inflammatory activity via modulating the Nrf2/HO-1 and NF- κB/MAPK signaling pathways
Authors: Kim Da Som , Eo Hyun Ji , Park Gwang Hun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Rhamnus crenata Siebold & Zucc. (RC), which belongs to the Rhamnaceae family, is distributed in China, Japan, and Korea. There have been no studies on mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory activity of RC. Here, we aimed to elucidate the potential anti-inflammatory mechanisms of RC using RAW264.7 cells. We evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of a 70% ethanol extract of RC leaves (RC-L) and elucidated the potential signaling pathways in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells. RC-L exhibited anti-inflammatory effects, such as inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production; it dose-dependently decreased NO production by suppressing the expression of inducible NO synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin 1β, and tumor necrosis factor alpha in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Additionally, RC-L inhibited nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation and the degradation and phosphorylation of NF-κB inhibitor alpha and suppressed the phosphorylation of p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase. Furthermore, it increased the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). These results suggest that RC-L exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways and inducing Nrf2/HO-1 expression and could act as a natural anti-inflammatory drug.
Clinical frailty assessment might be associated with mortality in incident dialysis patients
Authors: Hamasaki Yoshifumi , Oki Rikako , Tsuji Shiho , Suzuki Kana , Tsuneishi Sumika , Imafuku Mikie , Komaru Yohei , Miyamoto Yoshihisa , Matsuura Ryo , Doi Kent , Nangaku Masaomi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Frailty is associated with mortality in maintenance dialysis patients. We investigated frailty using the clinical frailty scale (CFS) as related to mortality or hospitalization within two years in incident dialysis patients.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients initiating hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis during 2016–2018. Based on the medical records, two dialysis nurses independently used a 9-point CFS (1 = “Very fit” to 9 = “Terminally ill”) to assess each patient’s frailty at dialysis initiation. Patients with a mean CFS value of 5 or higher were classified as the frailty group. Results: The analysis included 155 incident dialysis patients with mean age of 66.7±14.1 (71% male). Frailty was determined in 43 (28%) patients at dialysis initiation. Kaplan–Meier analyses showed that the survival and hospitalization-free rate within two years was significantly lower in the frailty group than in the non-frailty group (p < .01). Cox proportional hazards regression analyses revealed the CFS score as associated with the occurrence of a composite outcome, independently of age (hazard ratio 1.34, 95% confidence interval 1.04–1.72).Conclusion: Frailty assessment based on clinical judgment using CFS might predict adverse outcomes in the dialysis-initiated patients.
Unusual Behavior of Subfoveal Perfluorcarbon Liquid
Authors: Ghoraba Hamouda Hamdy , HamoudaGhoraba Hashem , Zaky Adel Galal 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To report unprompted closure of spontaneous macular hole secondary to inadvertent subfoveal perfluorocarbon after vitrectomy surgery.Patients& Methods: We present a case of a retained large single subfoveal PFCL droplet following vitrectomy and silicone oil injection for subtotal rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) that showed spontaneous release 4 weeks postoperatively, with subsequent development of full thickness macular hole (FTMH) which completely closed later on after silicone oil removal without internal limiting membrane peeling.Results: Marvelous anatomic and visual improvement after spontaneous closure of MH.Discussion: Few complications have been associated with use of PFCLs. The most common is postoperative residual PFCL in vitreous cavity or in the anterior chamber. Subretinal retention of PFCL has been reported and it has the most significant ocular toxicity but spontaneous release of subfoveal PFCL without surgical interference has rarely been reported.Conclusion: Different behaviors of subfoveal PFC droplets may occur.
The linear and non-linear effects of cumulative Stressors and Traumas on Psychopathology: Are they mostly mediated by the centrality of event and existential anxieties
Authors: Kira Ibrahim Aref , Shuwiekh Hanaa , Amthal Al-Huwailah , Özcan Neslihan Arıcı , Kanaan Amer , Kucharska Justyna 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective
The study aimed to clarify and refine the concepts of cumulative stressors and trauma (CST), the centrality of an event to an identity (COE), the existential annihilation anxieties (EAA), and psychopathology. The study aimed to propose and test a model in which CST affects psychopathology directly but mostly indirectly through COE and the four different types of identity-based EAA (personal/ psychic identity, collective identity, physical identity, and status identity EAA's). Further, the study aimed to replicate the previous finding that the non-linear model of CST's effects on internalizing, externalizing, and thought disorders (the psychopathology three major components) explains more variance than the linear model.
Method
Using path analysis, PROCESS mediation analysis, curve estimation regression, on a combined sample (N = 1566) from Egypt (N = 490), Turkey (N = 420), Kuwait (N = 300), Syria (N = 179), and the UK (N = 177), we tested the study assumptions.
Results
Status identity EAA and the other types of EAA related to different identities and COE mediated the major part of CST impact on psychopathology; with "status identity, EAA" had the strongest effect size. The non-linear model of the impact of CST's cumulative dynamics on psychopathology, internalizing, externalizing, thought disorders, and physical health accounted for much more variance than the linear model.
Conclusions
Results supported the proposed assumptions. The implications of these results for a paradigm shift in understanding stress and traumatization dynamics that go beyond the current linear approach with the sole focus on a single past stressor or traumatic stressor were discussed.
Relation between Height Loss and Cardiovascular Disease: Data from Large Korean Cohort
Authors: Moon Jeonggeun , Oh Pyung Chun , Lee Kyounghoon , Jang Ho-Jun , Kim Tae-Hoon , Park Sang-Don , Kwon Sung Woo , Kong Min Gyu , Suh Jon , Kang Woong Chol 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Epidemiologic research has confirmed the inverse relationship between adult height and the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Height declines with age and its degree differs from person to person.
Aim
To investigate the association between height loss and CVD incidence.
Methods
In total, 127 573 ethnically Korean patients were enrolled, and their height (cm) was monitored from 2002 to 2011. The annual height loss (cm/year) was calculated as the difference between the first and the last height measurement within the observation period divided by the number of years. Patients were classified as Group 1 (reference group; height loss: 0 to < 0.3 cm/year; 102 554 patients), Group 2 (height loss: 0.3 to < 0.6 cm/year; 17 324 patients), or Group 3 (height loss: ≥0.6 cm/year; 7695 patients).
Results
The cumulative MACCE incidence rate was 3.6% for Group 1, 4.5% for Group 2, and 5.2% for Group 3. Group 3 had a significantly higher incidence of MACCE than Group 1 (Group 1: hazard ratio [HR] = 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.32–1.62; Group 2: HR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.17–1.37). In the model adjusted for age, sex, comorbidities, income level, body mass index, smoking, and drinking status, the MACCE risk was 1.25 times higher in Group 3 than Group 1 (95% CI = 1.13–1.40).
Conclusions
The degree of height loss was independently associated with CVD occurrences in the Korean population.
Histology and External Morphological Assessment on Ovarian Maturation Stages of Wild Female Banana Shrimp, Penaeus merguiensis (de Man, 1888) for Broodstock Selection Purpose
Authors: Hidayah Manan  , Adnan Amin-Safwan  , Irma Wahida Shakri  , Nor Azman Kasan  , Mhd Ikhwanuddin  
Published: April 2022

Study on ovarian maturation stages were carried out using external morphological assessment of ovarian colourations and histological assessment of Oocyte structure for broodstock selection purpose. Stage 1 to Stage 4 of female shrimps broodstock were sampled from Kuala Muda, Kedah, Malaysia. Four obvious colourations of ovary stages were identified which are: yellow (Stage 1), green yellowish (Stage 2), light greenish (Stage 3) and dark green (Stage 4) through the morphological assessment. The Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) showed significant increment as the gonad reach advance stages. Histological assessment of Stage 1 ovary identified perinucleolar oocyte (PO) with small size oocytes. Stage 2 ovary was identified with yolkless oocyte (YO), Stage 3 ovary was identified with late stage of yolky globules and Stage 4 ovary was identified with fully yolky globules. From the results achieved, it can be concluded that the ovarian colourations and GSI can be applied to identify the ovarian maturation stages, meanwhile, the histology assessment is the most precise method to determine the ovarian maturation stages in more details and accurate for each of the ovarian maturation stages.

Kajian mengenai peringkat kematangan ovari telah dijalankan menggunakan penilaian morfologi luaran pewarnaan ovari dan penilaian histologi struktur oosit untuk tujuan pemilihan induk. Peringkat 1 hingga Peringkat 4 induk udang betina telah diambil sampel dari Kuala Muda, Kedah, Malaysia. Empat warna jelas peringkat ovari telah dikenal pasti iaitu: kuning (Peringkat 1), hijau kekuningan (Peringkat 2), hijau muda (Peringkat 3) dan hijau gelap (Peringkat 4) melalui penilaian morfologi. Indeks Gonadosomatic (GSI) menunjukkan peningkatan yang ketara apabila gonad mencapai peringkat lebih tinggi. Penilaian histologi ovari Peringkat 1 mengenal pasti perinucleolar oocyte (PO) dengan oosit saiz kecil. Ovari Peringkat 2 telah dikenal pasti dengan yolkless oocyte (YO), ovari Peringkat 3 telah dikenal pasti dengan peringkat akhir globul kuning dan ovari Peringkat 4 telah dikenal pasti dengan globul kuning sepenuhnya. Dari keputusan yang dicapai, dapat disimpulkan bahawa pewarnaan ovari dan GSI boleh digunakan untuk mengenal pasti peringkat kematangan ovari, sementara itu, penilaian histologi merupakan kaedah yang paling tepat untuk menentukan peringkat kematangan ovari dengan lebih terperinci dan tepat untuk setiap peringkat.
Identification of priority areas for rehabilitation in wastewater systems using ENTROPY, ELECTRE and TOPSIS
Authors: Orhan Cansu , Firat Mahmut , Yilmaz Salih 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWastewater system failures cause operating conditions to deteriorate. Therefore, risk factors should be identified and rehabilitation priority should be established by considering all factors. Determining rehabilitation priority areas is very important in terms of public health, service quality and operating cost. The aim of this study, which was carried out in Malatya, Turkey, was to determine rehabilitation priority in wastewater systems by integrating the ENTROPY, ELECTRE and TOPSIS methods. Some 26 physical, hydraulic, operating and cost factors were considered. The factor weightings were determined by the ENTROPY method to define the factors’ contributions, based on the field data. Rehabilitation priorities were then determined separately using ELECTRE and TOPSIS, taking the factor weights and field data into consideration. Priority regions in rehabilitation were obtained similar according to both methods. The results obtained will provide a reference for wastewater system management and determination of rehabilitation priorities.
Krótki zarys determinizmów nowoczesnej rodziny
Authors: Śniadała Klaudia 
Published: April 2022

Model tradycyjnej rodziny zanika, tzn., że ludzie młodzi coraz bardziej nastawieni są na rodzinę 2+1. Obumierają także wartości przekazywane przez starsze pokolenia. Teraz młodzi ludzie bardziej nastawieni są na skończenie szkoły, znalezienie dobrej pracy, a dopiero później na wkroczenie w etap zakładania rodziny. Widać, że młodym ludziom bardziej zależy na karierze i sukcesach lub po prostu posiadaniu pracy, co w dzisiejszych czasach, czyli czasach pandemii również nie jest łatwym zadaniem. Są również takie osoby, które boją się zakładać rodzinę z obawy, że nie będą w stanie utrzymać swojego potomka. Warto wspomnieć także o tym, iż niestety bardzo często młodzi ludzie odkładają decyzję na później o zawarciu związku małżeńskiego z powodu wygody (bo tak lepiej, łatwiej żyć itp.), co kiedyś było nie do pomyślenia. Wydaje się, że dzisiejsza sytuacja z tego punktu widzenia jest wyjątkowo trudna, lecz mimo to można coś w tym względzie zaradzić.
Można więc postawić tezę, że bardzo istotna w kontekście wychodzenia z tak postrzeganego kryzysu rodziny jest rola wszelkich Pedagogów i współpraca z nimi (chodzi o współpracę z autorytetami religijnymi, moralnymi, społecznymi itp.). Należy powrócić do pedagogiki i roli autorytetu w rodzinie jako elementu stabilizującego obyczajowość, instytucjonalność, jak i morale jej członków.