bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Type VI Collagen Regulates Endochondral Ossification in the Temporomandibular Joint
Authors: Komori Taishi , Ji Youngmi , Pham Hai , Jani Priyam , Kilts Tina M. , Kram Vardit , Li Li , Young Marian F. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTFor many years there has been a keen interest in developing regenerative treatment for temporomandibular joint–osteoarthritis (TMJ‐OA). Currently, there is no consensus treatment due to the limited self‐healing ability of articular cartilage and lack of understanding of the complex mechanisms regulating cartilage development in the TMJ. Endochondral ossification, the process of subchondral bone formation through chondrocyte differentiation, is critical for TMJ growth and development, and is tightly regulated by the composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Type VI collagen is a highly expressed ECM component in the TMJ cartilage, yet its specific functions are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated α2(VI)‐deficient (Col6a2‐knockout [KO]) mice, which are unable to secret or incorporate type VI collagen into their ECM. Compared with wild‐type (WT) mice, the TMJ condyles of Col6a2‐KO mice exhibit decreased bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) and a larger bone marrow space, suggesting the α2(VI)‐deficient condyles have a failure in endochondral ossification. Differentiating chondrocytes are the main source of bone cells during endochondral ossification. Our study shows there is an increased number of chondrocytes in the proliferative zone and decreased Col10‐expressing chondrocytes in Col6a2‐KO cartilage, all pointing to abnormal chondrocyte differentiation and maturation. In addition, RNA sequencing (RNAseq) analysis identified distinct gene expression profiles related to cell cycle and ECM organization that were altered in the mutant condyles. These data also suggest that bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) activity was deregulated during chondrocyte differentiation. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated an upregulation of Col2 and Acan expression in Col6a2‐KO cartilage. Moreover, the expression of pSmad1/5/8 and Runx2 was decreased in the Col6a2‐KO cartilage compared with WT controls. Taken together, our data indicate that type VI collagen expressed in the TMJ cartilage is important for endochondral ossification, possibly by modulating the ECM and altering/disrupting signaling pathways important for TMJ chondrocyte differentiation. Published 2022. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Low dose epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate revives doxorubicin responsiveness by a redox‐sensitive pathway in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: Datta Suchisnigdha , Sinha Dona 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPulmonary cancer confronts the greatest hurdle of resistance against most chemotherapeutic drugs. This may be circumvented with a combination of conventional chemotherapy with bioactive herbal adjuvant. Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG), was investigated for its chemo‐sensitizing property along with doxorubicin (Dox), in an intrinsically nonresponsive lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) cell line, A549. A compromised functionality of Dox was reversed when EGCG was used as an adjuvant. On one hand, Dox (10 μM)‐EGCG (0.5 μM) post treatment combination decreased the drug efflux, multidrug‐resistance (MDR) signaling, invasiveness while, on the other hand, it increased drug internalization, cell‐cycle arrest, stress‐induced damage, and finally cell death. The resistant nature of A549 was probably due to constitutive activation of nuclear erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its upstream/downstream antioxidant effectors, which were also pro‐oxidatively coordinated by EGCG. In conclusion low dose EGCG improved Dox‐toxicity and imparted oxidative damage‐mediated antineoplastic efficacy by reorienting the redox signaling in A549 LAC cells.
Validation of the hepatocellular carcinoma early detection screening algorithm Doylestown and aMAP in a cohort of Chinese with cirrhosis
Authors: Qian Yunsong , Li Linhong , Ma Li , Ji Rengbin , Ying Sheng , Zhou Juhong , Fu Liyun , Yang Gang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have developed some blood‐based biomarker algorithms such as the Doylestown algorithm and aMAP score to improve the detection of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, no one has studied the application of the Doylestown algorithm in the Chinese. Meanwhile, which of these two screening models is more suitable for people with liver cirrhosis remains to be investigated.MethodsIn this study, HCC surveillance was performed by radiographic imaging and testing for tumor markers every 6 months from August 21, 2018, to January 12, 2021. We conducted a retrospective study of 742 liver cirrhosis patients, and among them, 20 developed HCC during follow‐up. Samples from these patients at three follow‐up time points were tested to evaluate alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP), the Doylestown algorithm, and aMAP score.ResultsOverall, 521 liver cirrhosis patients underwent semiannual longitudinal follow‐up three times. Five patients were diagnosed with HCC within 0–6 months of the third follow‐up. We found that for these liver cirrhosis patients, the Doylestown algorithm had the highest accuracy for HCC detection, with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) of 0.763, 0.801, and 0.867 for follow‐ups 1–3, respectively. Compared with AFP at 20 ng/ml, the Doylestown algorithm increased biomarker performance by 7.4%, 21%, and 13% for follow‐ups 1–3, respectively.ConclusionsOur findings show that the Doylestown algorithm performance appeared to be optimal for HCC early screening in the Chinese cirrhotic population when compared with the aMAP score and AFP at 20 ng/ml.
Maternally transmitted nonsyndromic hearing impairment may be associated with mitochondrial tRNAAla 5601C>T and tRNALeu(CUN) 12311T>C mutations
Authors: Yu Xuejiao , Li Sheng , Ding Yu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundSequence alternations in mitochondrial genomes, especially in genes encoding mitochondrial tRNA (mt‐tRNA), were the important contributors to nonsyndromic hearing loss (NSHL); however, the molecular mechanisms remained largely undetermined.MethodsA maternally transmitted Chinese pedigree with NSHL underwent clinical, genetic, and biochemical assessment. PCR and direct sequence analyses were performed to detect mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), GJB2, and SLC26A4 gene mutations from matrilineal relatives of this family. Mitochondrial functions including mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), ATP, and ROS were evaluated in polymononuclear leukocytes (PMNs) derived from three deaf patients and three controls from this pedigree.ResultsFour of nine matrilineal relatives developed hearing loss at the variable age of onset. Two putative pathogenic mutations, m.5601C>T in tRNAAla and m.12311T>C in tRNALeu(CUN), were identified via PCR‐Sanger sequencing, as well as 34 variants that belonged to mtDNA haplogroup G2b2. Intriguingly, m.5601C>T mutation resided at very conserved nucleotide in the TψC loop of tRNAAla (position 59), while the T‐to‐C substitution at position 12311 located at position 48 in the variable stem of tRNALeu(CUN) and was believed to alter the aminoacylation and the steady‐state level of tRNA. Biochemical analysis revealed the impairment of mitochondrial functions including the significant reductions of ATP and MMP, whereas markedly increased ROS levels were found in PMNs derived from NSHL patients with m.5601C>T and m.12311T>C mutations. However, we did not detect any mutations in GJB2 and SLC26A4 genes.ConclusionOur data indicated that mt‐tRNAAla m.5601C>T and tRNALeu(CUN) 12311T>C mutations were associated with NSHL.
Evaluation of LAMP assay using phenotypic tests and PCR for detection of blaKPC gene among clinical samples
Authors: Chen Nianzhen , Li Gen , Si Yuying , Zhang Wenyan , Ye Yangqin , Wang Yuchao , Wang Keli , Zong Ming , Fan Lieying 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundCarbapenem‐resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infection constitutes a public health threat, which blaKPC was the major carbapenemases concerned in China. Timely and efficient diagnosis is of paramount importance for controlling the spread of drug‐resistant bacteria. Here, we develop an approach based on loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for rapid confirmation of blaKPC within 60 min from samples collected.MethodsWe designed primers specific to detect blaKPC and evaluated it for its sensitivity and specificity of detection using real‐time monitoring. Five hundred forty‐six clinical specimens were analyzed by the LAMP assay and compared with the phenotypic tests and PCR. The samples with inconsistent results were further verified by Sanger sequencing.ResultsThe LAMP assay displayed a detection limit of 1 × 102 CFU/ml, which was 10‐fold more sensitive than the PCR. No cross‐reactivity was observed for strains that produced other types of β‐lactamase. Furthermore, we demonstrated concordant results (Kappa > 0.75) between the genotypic method and phenotypic tests for the 546 clinical samples. The data presented in this study suggested that the genotypic method is a reliable assay for identifying blaKPC‐induced CRE in China. The results of the Sanger sequencing indicate that the developed method not only has high accuracy but also meets the need for rapid diagnosis, while the PCR method is prone to false negatives.ConclusionsWe successfully constructed a LAMP technique that can be used for auxiliary diagnosis of CRE, which is faster, cheaper, and more accurate than the PCR. It may therefore be routinely applied for detection of blaKPC producers in routine clinical laboratories.
Personal growth initiative as a buffer against suicide ideation severity in psychotherapy outpatients with depressive symptoms
Authors: Robitschek Christine , Cukrowicz Kelly , Brown Sarah L. , Ciavaglia Addison 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveMany people who die by suicide experience major depressive disorder (MDD), but most people with MDD do not die by suicide and many do not report thoughts of death or suicide. This cross‐sectional study examined the potential of personal growth initiative (PGI) skills to protect against suicide ideation among adult psychotherapy outpatients.MethodAdult outpatients (N = 178) completed measures of suicide ideation severity (SI), depressive symptom severity (DEP), and PGI skills (PGI) at intake.ResultsAlthough higher DEP significantly correlated with higher suicide ideation, a significant DEP × PGI interaction, indicated significant positive relations between DEP and SI only when PGI was at or below the mean for this sample.ConclusionsPGI skills may function as a protective factor against the development of suicide ideation even in the presence of severe depressive symptoms. This suggests that training PGI skills might prevent or reduce suicide ideation among depressed patients.
Cryogel‐based co‐culture of Lactobacillus paracasei and Lactobacillus buchneri towards phenyllactic acid bioproduction: fundamental hydrodynamics and biotransformation characteristics
Authors: Lou Xiaoling , Hou Dongjie , Chen Zhihong , Ma Yinxiang , Zhou Xiaoling , Guo Dali , Zhang Wei , Zhang Songhong , Yun Junxian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDPhenyllactic acid is an important monomer for bioplastics, food preservative, feed additive and pharmaceutical agent. However, bioproduction of phenyllactic acid suffers drawbacks regarding the high cost of substrates, poor efficiency and yield of fermentation or conversion, and therefore new bioproduction strategies need to be investigated.RESULTSIn this work, bioproduction of phenyllactic acid was developed by employing semi‐hydrophobic cryogels as cell entrapment matrices to co‐culture Lactobacillus paracasei and L. buchneri strains, and the obtained cell‐loaded cryogels were used as biocatalysts in the biotransformation from phenylalanine. Flow characteristics and permeabilities of fermentation broths through cryogels, co‐culture performance and biotransformation characteristics were studied. Permeabilities of cell‐free fermentation broths through the cryogel bed were correlated as a function of concentrations of glucose and metabolites of organic acids. The flow rate versus pressure drop relationships for these bio‐based broths through cryogels were predicted successfully with a capillary‐based model. The cell growth was enhanced by cryogels and the maximum cell production of 40.6 g L−1 was achieved with cryogels. The maximum yield from phenylalanine of 1.0 mg mL−1 to phenyllactic acid was 39.6%, which was higher than that of 31.4% by co‐culture of L. casei and L. paracasei.CONCLUSIONFlow of fermentation broths through cryogels is crucial to develop a novel cryogel‐based bioproduction strategy for phenyllactic acid and can be characterized by capillary‐based modeling. Semi‐hydrophobic cryogels could be an interesting class of immobilization matrices for high‐cell‐density co‐culture towards the green strategy with these new biocatalysts in phenyllactic acid bioproduction and thus have potential applications in industries. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
A novel CeO2/MIL101(Fe) heterojunction for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline under visible‐light irradiation
Authors: Chen Fangyan , Bian Kun , Li Hongshuang , Tang Yubin , Hao Chenchen , Shi Weilong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDMIL101(Fe) has attracted growing attention as a potential new photocatalyst. However, the drawbacks of easy recombination of photogenerated electron–hole pairs result in unsatisfactory activity.RESULTSIn this work, to enhance the photocatalytic activity of MIL101(Fe), CeO2 nanorods were attached on the surface of octahedral MIL101(Fe) to obtain a novel 1D/3D heterojunction CeO2/MIL101(Fe). The as‐synthesized samples were characterized by a series of methods. The photocatalytic activity of CeO2/MIL101(Fe) was investigated by photodegradation of tetracycline under visible‐light irradiation. Compared with pristine CeO2 and MIL101(Fe), the as‐prepared CeO2/MIL101(Fe) composite with CeO2 content of 10 wt% exhibited a superior photocatalytic activity, with a tetracycline (TC) degradation efficiency of 83.5% and a TOC removal rate of 55.7% within 120 min.CONCLUSIONThe enhanced photocatalytic performance is attributed to the efficient separation of photogenerated charge carriers resulting from the formation of type‐II heterojunction between CeO2 and MIL101(Fe). This work provides a new approach for the fabrication of MOF‐based photocatalysts with high activity. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Patterns of germline and somatic testing after universal tumor screening for Lynch syndrome: A clinical practice survey of active members of the Collaborative Group of the Americas on Inherited Gastrointestinal Cancer
Authors: Hodan Rachel , Rodgers‐Fouche Linda , Arora Sanjeevani , Dominguez‐Valentin Mev , Kanth Priyanka , Katona Bryson W. , Mraz Kathryn A. , Roberts Maegan E. , Vilar Eduardo , Soto‐Azghani Cynthia M. , Brand Randall E , Esplin Edward D. , Perez Kimberly 
Published: February 2022

AbstractClinical guidelines recommend universal tumor screening (UTS) of colorectal and endometrial cancers for Lynch syndrome (LS). There are limited guidelines for how to integrate germline testing and somatic tumor testing after a mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) tumor is identified. We sought to characterize current practice patterns and barriers to preferred practice among clinical providers in high‐risk cancer programs. A clinical practice survey was sent to 423 active members of the Collaborative Group of the Americas on Inherited Gastrointestinal Cancer (CGA‐IGC) with a follow‐up survey sent to 103 clinician responders. The survey outlined clinical vignettes and asked respondents their preferred next test. The survey intended to assess: (1) the role of patient age and family history in risk assessment and (2) barriers to preferred genetic testing. Genetic test options included targeted germline testing based on dMMR expression, germline testing for LS, germline testing with a multigene cancer panel including LS, or paired tumor/germline testing including LS. In October 2020, 117 of 423 (28%) members completed the initial survey including 103 (88%) currently active clinicians. In April 2021, a follow‐up survey was sent to active clinicians, with 45 (44%) completing this second survey. After selecting their preferred next germline or paired tumor/germline tumor test based on the clinical vignette, 39% of respondents reported wanting to make a different choice for the initial genetic test without any testing barriers. The proportion of respondents choosing a different initial genetic test was dependent on the proband's age at diagnosis and specified family history. The reported barriers included patient's lack of insurance coverage, patient unable/unwilling to self‐pay for proposed testing, and inadequate tumor tissue. Responders reported insurance, financial constraints, and limited tumor tissue as influencing preferred genetic testing in high‐risk clinics, thus resulting in possible under‐diagnosis of LS and impacting potential surveillance and cascade testing of at‐risk relatives.
Rates of timely paracentesis for patients admitted to hospital with cirrhosis and ascites remain low but are unaffected by the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Aby Elizabeth S. , Lall Drishti , Vasdev Amrit , Mayer Adam , Olson Andrew P. J. , Lim Nicholas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFor the first 6 months of the novel coronavirus‐19 (COVID‐19) pandemic, the hospital medicine procedure service at our center was temporarily unavailable. We assessed paracentesis rates and clinical outcomes for patients admitted with cirrhosis and ascites before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Two hundred and twenty‐four and 131 patients with cirrhosis and ascited were admitted to hospital before and during COVID‐19 respectively. Approximately 50.9% and 49.6% of patients underwent a paracentesis within 24 h pre‐ and mid‐pandemic, p = .83. No differences were observed for length‐of‐stay or 30‐day readmissions. GI consultation was associated with higher rates of paracentesis in both eras (p < .001 pre‐COVID‐19, and p = .01 COVID‐19). Changes due to the COVID‐19 pandemic did not result in changes to rates of timely paracentesis in patients admitted with cirrhosis and ascites. While involvement of gastroenterology may increase rates of paracentesis, further efforts are needed to optimize rates of timely paracentesis to positively impact clinical outcomes.
High‐yielding, automated radiosynthesis of [11C]martinostat using [11C]methyl triflate
Authors: Hopewell Robert , Jolly Dean , Li Qian Ying , Ross Karen , Tsai I‐Huang , Lacatus‐Samoila Monica , Soucy Jean‐Paul , Kobayashi Eliane , Rosa‐Neto Pedro , Massarweh Gassan 
Published: February 2022

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) mediate epigenetic mechanisms implicated in a broad range of central nervous system dysfunction, including neurodegenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders. [11C]Martinostat allows in vivo quantification of class I/IIb HDACs and may be useful for the quantification of drug–occupancy relationship, facilitating drug development for disease modifying therapies. The present study reports a radiosynthesis of [11C]martinostat using [11C]methyl triflate in ethanol, as opposed to the originally described synthesis using [11C]methyl iodide and DMSO. [11C]Methyl triflate is trapped in a solution of 2 mg of precursor 1 dissolved in anhydrous ethanol (400 μl), reacted at ambient temperature for 5 min and purified by high‐performance liquid chromatography; 1.5–1.8 GBq (41–48 mCi; n = 3) of formulated [11C]martinostat was obtained from solid‐phase extraction using a hydrophilic–lipophilic cartridge in a radiochemical yield of 11.4% ± 1.1% (nondecay corrected to trapped [11C]MeI), with a molar activity of 369 ± 53 GBq/μmol (9.97 ± 1.3 Ci/μmol) at the end of synthesis (40 min) and validated for human use. This methodology was used at our production site to produce [11C]martinostat in sufficient quantities of activity to scan humans, including losses incurred from decay during pre‐release quality control testing.
The difference in clinical features and prognosis of severe adenoviral pneumonia in children of different ages
Authors: Wang Xia , Tan Xiangsheng , Li Qubei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study aims to analyze the difference in clinical features and prognosis of severe adenovirus pneumonia (SAP) in children of different ages and analyze the risk factors for poor prognosis in children with SAP. A retrospective observational study was performed to describe the clinical features and analyze the risk factors for death and postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO) in 303 children hospitalized with SAP from January 2015 through to January 2020. The participants were divided into four age groups: <6 months (n = 25, 8.3%); 6–12 months (n = 98, 32.3%); 12–36 months (n = 118, 38.9%); and >36 months (n = 62, 20.5%). Fever rate, peak, and duration were the lowest in the <6 months group, while no significant difference was found among other age groups. Serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase and a load of adenovirus were the lowest in the <6 months group, and the highest in the 6–12 and 12–36 months groups, respectively. A total of 80.9% of patients recovered, 3.3% of patients died, and 15.8% of patients were diagnosed with PIBO. The mortality rate showed no significance between age groups. The >36 months group had the highest recovery rate and the lowest incidence of PIBO, while the 6–12 months group had the lowest recovery rate and the highest incidence of PIBO. Independent risk factors for PIBO among all participants from the four groups were invasive mechanical ventilation, administration of intravenous steroids, duration of fever, and male gender. Independent risk factors for death among all participants from the four groups were hypercapnia, low albumin levels, and invasive mechanical ventilation. Risk factor analysis of different ages was not possible due to the limited sample size. The morbidity, clinical features, and prognosis of SAP are affected by children's ages. Pediatric patients with a longer duration of fever, hypercapnia, low serum albumin levels, invasive mechanical ventilation, and intravenous steroids use are more likely to develop a poor prognosis in SAP, especially if the patient is male.