bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge structure and emerging trends on osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a bibliometric and visualized study
Authors: Wu Haiyang , Cheng Kunming , Tong Linjian , Wang Yulin , Yang Weiguang , Sun Zhiming 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a common disabling disease with considerable social and economic impacts. Although extensive studies related to ONFH have been conducted in recent years, a specific bibliometric analysis on this topic has not yet been performed. Our study attempted to summarize the comprehensive knowledge map, development landscape, and future directions of ONFH research with the bibliometric approach.

Methods
All publications concerning ONFH published from 2001 to 2020 were identified from Web of Science Core Collection. Key bibliometric indicators were calculated and evaluated using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and the online bibliometric analysis platform.

Results
A total of 2594 publications were included. Our analysis revealed a significant exponential growth trend in the annual number of publications over the past 20 years (R2 = 0.9663). China, the USA, and Japan were the major contributors both from the quality and quantity points of view. Correlation analysis indicated that there was a high positive correlation between the number of publications and gross domestic product (r = 0.774), and a moderate positive correlation between publications and demographic factor (r = 0.673). All keywords were categorized into four clusters including Cluster 1 (etiology and risk factors study); Cluster 2 (basic research and stem cell therapy); cluster 3 (hip-preserving study); and Cluster 4 (hip replacement study). Stem cell therapy-related research has been recognized as an important research hotspot in this field. Several topics including exosomes, autophagy, biomarkers, osteogenic differentiation, microRNAs, steroid-induced osteonecrosis, mesenchymal stem cells, double-blind, early-stage osteonecrosis, and asymptomatic osteonecrosis were considered as research focuses in the near future.

Conclusion
Over the past two decades, increasing attention has been paid to global ONFH-related research. Our bibliometric findings provide valuable information for researchers to understand the basic knowledge structure, identify the current research hotspots, potential collaborators, and future research frontiers in this field.
Biomechanical evaluation of seven fixation methods to treat pubic symphysis diastasis using finite element analysis
Authors: Zheng Yi-quan , Chen Li-li , Shen Jia-zuo , Gao Bing , Huang Xiao-chuan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Pubic symphysis diastasis (PSD) hinders the connection between bilateral ischia and pubic bones, resulting in instability of the anterior pelvic ring. PSD exceeding 25 mm is considered disruptions of the symphyseal and unilateral/bilateral anterior sacroiliac ligaments and require surgical intervention. The correct choice of fixation devices is of great significance to treat PSD. This study aimed to evaluate the construct stability and implant performance of seven fixation methods to treat PSD using finite element analysis.

Methods
The intact skeleton-ligament pelvic models were set as the control group. PSD models were simulated by removing relevant ligaments. To enhance the stability of the posterior pelvic ring, a cannulated screw was applied in the PSD models. Next, seven anterior fixation devices were installed on the PSD models according to standard surgical procedures, including single plates (single-Plate group), single plates with trans-symphyseal cross-screws (single-crsPlate group), dual plates (dual-Plate group), single cannulated screws, dual crossed cannulated screws (dual-canScrew group), subcutaneous plates (sub-Plate group), and subcutaneous pedicle screw-rod devices (sub-PedRod group). Compression and torsion were applied to all models. The construct stiffness, symphyseal relative micromotions, and von Mises stress performance were recorded and analyzed.

Results
The construct stiffness decreased dramatically under PSD conditions. The dual-canScrew (154.3 ± 9.3 N/mm), sub-Plate (147.1 ± 10.2 N/mm), and sub-PedRod (133.8 ± 8.0 N/mm) groups showed better ability to restore intact stability than the other groups (p < 0.05). Regarding regional stability, only single-plate fixation provided unexpected regional stability with a diastasis of 2.1 ± 0.2 mm (p < 0.001) under a compressive load. Under a rotational load, the single-crsPlate group provided better regional angular stability (0.31° ± 0.03°, p < 0.001). Stress concentrations occurred in the single-Plate, sub-Plate, and sub-PedRod groups. The maximum von Mises stress was observed in the single-plate group (1112.1 ± 112.7 MPa, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
The dual-canScrew fixation device offers ideal outcomes to maintain stability and prevent failure biomechanically. The single-crsPlate and dual-Plate methods effectively improved single-Plate device to enhance regional stability and disperse stresses. The subcutaneous fixation devices provided both anterior pelvic ring stability and pubic symphysis strength.
Lived experiences of patients with distal renal tubular acidosis treated with ADV7103 and of their caregivers: a qualitative study
Authors: Acquadro Michaël , Marrel Alexia , Manso-Silván Maria A. , Guittet Catherine , Joukoff Sophie , Bertholet-Thomas Aurélia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundConsequences of distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) on growth, bone and kidney, sometimes associated with hearing loss, may significantly affect quality of life (QoL). This descriptive qualitative study explores QoL linked to dRTA and gathers the impressions of patients with this rare disease (and caregivers) 5 years after enrolment in a clinical study, during which patients were treated with ADV7103, a prolonged-release granule formulation combining potassium citrate and potassium bicarbonate. Semi-structured, one-hour interviews with 6 adult and 13 paediatric patients with a confirmed diagnosis of dRTA and with parents of paediatric patients were performed using an interview guide. Qualitative analysis of anonymized interview transcripts based on grounded theory was conducted.ResultsThe main QoL domains impacted by dRTA and its treatment were education/work, social/family life, and emotional and physical well-being. ADV7103 (administered twice daily) was compared with the standard of care (SoC) taken before study entry (more than twice daily). Patients/parents reported that switching from previous SoC to ADV7103 had changed their lives:Difficulties at school due to burdensome administrative issues and need to explain disease and treatment affecting all families of paediatric patients (n = 13) disappeared, facilitating parents who had stopped working (to deal with their child’s treatment) to return to work,Family functioning was improved (n = 18), as travel and holidays became easier to organise and patients/parents stopped thinking about managing treatment daily/nightly, reducing tension in the family or couple,The emotional burden of disease perceived was relieved (n = 12) in the absence of treatment-related invasive questions from others,Gastro-intestinal adverse events and taste problems improved with ADV7103 (n = 18) and better compliance led to milder physical impacts and less need to be hospitalised.The mean satisfaction score with ADV7103 compared to SoC was 9 out of 10 (10 = very satisfied). ADV7103 exceeded or met the expectations of 14 out of 17 patients that commented on that.ConclusionsQualitative interviews show that dRTA and its treatment have a significant impact on QoL of patients and parents and that ADV7103 helps improve daily-life and reduces treatment burden, resulting in greater overall satisfaction of the patients and their families.Trial registrationEU Clinical Trials Register, EudraCT 2013-003828-36 on the 3rd of September 2013.
The autocrine loop of ALK receptor and ALKAL2 ligand is an actionable target in consensus molecular subtype 1 colon cancer
Authors: Mazzeschi Martina , Sgarzi Michela , Romaniello Donatella , Gelfo Valerio , Cavallo Carola , Ambrosi Francesca , Morselli Alessandra , Miano Carmen , Laprovitera Noemi , Girone Cinzia , Ferracin Manuela , Santi Spartaco , Rihawi Karim , Ardizzoni Andrea , Fiorentino Michelangelo , D’Uva Gabriele , Győrffy Balázs , Palmer Ruth , Lauriola Mattia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
In the last years, several efforts have been made to classify colorectal cancer (CRC) into well-defined molecular subgroups, representing the intrinsic inter-patient heterogeneity, known as Consensus Molecular Subtypes (CMSs).

Methods
In this work, we performed a meta-analysis of CRC patients stratified into four CMSs. We identified a negative correlation between a high level of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) expression and relapse-free survival, exclusively in CMS1 subtype. Stemming from this observation, we tested cell lines, patient-derived organoids and mice with potent ALK inhibitors, already approved for clinical use.

Results
ALK interception strongly inhibits cell proliferation already at nanomolar doses, specifically in CMS1 cell lines, while no effect was found in CMS2/3/4 groups. Furthermore, in vivo imaging identified a role for ALK in the dynamic formation of 3D tumor spheroids. Consistently, ALK appeares constitutively phosphorylated in CMS1, and it signals mainly through the AKT axis. Mechanistically, we found that CMS1 cells display several copies of ALKAL2 ligand and ALK-mRNAs, suggesting an autocrine loop mediated by ALKAL2 in the activation of ALK pathway, responsible for the invasive phenotype. Consequently, disruption of ALK axis mediates the pro-apoptotic action of CMS1 cell lines, both in 2D and 3D and enhanced cell-cell adhesion and e-cadherin organization. In agreement with all these findings, the ALK signature encompassing 65 genes statistically associated with worse relapse-free survival in CMS1 subtype. Finally, as a proof of concept, the efficacy of ALK inhibition was demonstrated in both patient-derived organoids and in tumor xenografts in vivo.

Conclusions
Collectively, these findings suggest that ALK targeting may represent an attractive therapy for CRC, and CMS classification may provide a useful tool to identify patients who could benefit from this treatment. These findings offer rationale and pharmacological strategies for the treatment of CMS1 CRC.
Super Bolus: a remedy for a high glycemic index meal in children with type 1 diabetes on insulin pump therapy?—study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kowalczyk Emilia , Dżygało Katarzyna , Szypowska Agnieszka 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Postprandial hyperglycemia (PPH) is a common clinical problem among patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D), which is related to high glycemic index (h-GI) meals. The main problem is linked to high, sharp glycemic spikes following hypoglycemia after h-GI meal consumption. There is a lack of effective and satisfactory solutions for insulin dose adjustment to cover an h-GI meal. The goal of this research was to determine whether a Super Bolus is an effective strategy to prevent PPH and late hypoglycemia after an h-GI meal compared to a Normal Bolus.

Methods
A total of 72 children aged 10–18 years with T1D for at least 1 year and treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion for more than 3 months will be enrolled in a double-blind, randomized, crossover clinical trial. The participants will eat a h-GI breakfast for the two following days and receive a prandial insulin bolus in the form of a Super Bolus 1 day and a Normal Bolus the next day. The glucose level 90 min after the administration of the prandial bolus will be the primary outcome measure. The secondary endpoints will refer to the glucose levels at 30, 60, 120, 150, and 180 min postprandially, the area under the blood glucose curve within 180 min postprandially, peak glucose level and the time to peak glucose level, glycemic rise, the mean amplitude of glycemic excursions, and the number of hypoglycemia episodes.

Discussion
There are still few known clinical studies on this type of bolus. A Super Bolus is defined as a 50% increase in prandial insulin dose compared to the dose calculated based on the individualized patient’s insulin-carbohydrate ratio and a simultaneous suspension of basal insulin for 2 h. Our patients reported the best experience with such a combination. A comprehensive and effective solution to this frequent clinical difficulty of PPH after an h-GI meal has not yet been found. The problem is known and important, and the presented solution is innovative and easy to apply in everyday life.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04019821
The functional traits and threats to the Borgou cattle breed as perceived by farmers in Benin
Authors: Worogo Hilaire S. S. , Hessa Célestin C. , Assani Alassan S. , Idrissou Rachidi , Alabi Cham D. A. , Idrissou Yaya , Adjassin Josias S. , Azalou Maximilien , Assogba Brice G. C. , Alkoiret Ibrahim T. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBenin has been facing the loss of its animal genetic heritage over the years. The aim of this study was to explore the reasons related to the progressive abandonment of the Borgou cattle breed. The assessment of threat level and functional traits related to the Borgou breed was therefore collected through semi-structured interviews from 105 cattle farmers using the Likert scale (1 to 5), and the scores recorded were compared within each group of farmers using the Kruskal–Wallis and the Mann–Whitney U tests. The results showed that depending on the types of farmers surveyed, the Borgou breed is much more threatened by the Zebu Goudali (p > 0.05), Yakana (p > 0.05) and Azawak (p < 0.05) with their medians ranging from 3.5 to 5. The lack of good breeding bulls and uncontrolled cross-breeding were considered to be the socio-environmental factors having more influence on the conservation of the Borgou breed (medians ranging from 3 to 4) according to the types of farmers (p > 0.05). Farmers appreciated its qualities such as adaptability, resistance to diseases, fertility, manure production, conformation, aptitude for draught and valorization of food resources (median: 3 to 5). However, scores recorded (medians 2 to 3) for the growth (p > 0.05), milk production (p > 0.05) and selling price (p < 0.01) of Borgou cattle indicated that these traits were unsatisfactory for farmers and reveal that the Borgou breed is mainly discarded in view of its low capacity to swiftly produce meat and its low milk productivity. This leads farmers to resort to cross-breeding through the use of other more productive breeds. This study will therefore allow to take into account farmers’ perceptions in the development of programmes and sustainable in situ conservation strategies of the Borgou cattle breed in Benin.
Sensory cells and the organization of the peripheral nervous system of the siboglinid Oligobrachia haakonmosbiensis Smirnov, 2000
Authors: Zaitseva Olga V. , Smirnov Roman V. , Starunova Zinaida I. , Vedenin Andrey A. , Starunov Viktor V. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The nervous system of siboglinids has been studied mainly in Osedax and some Vestimentifera, while data in Frenulata – one of the four pogonophoran main branches – is still fragmentary. In most of the studies, the focus is almost always on the central nervous system, while the peripheral nervous system has traditionally received little attention. In contrast to other annelids, the structure and diversity of sensory structures in siboglinids are still quite undescribed. Meanwhile, the peripheral nervous system, as well as sensory elements, are extremely evolutionarily labile, and information about their organization is of high importance to understand lifestyles and behavior as well as main trends that lead siboglinids to their peculiar organization.

Results
The structure of the peripheric nervous system, sensory elements, and neuromuscular relationships of Oligobrachia haakonmosbiensis were studied using both scanning electron and confocal laser microscopy. A significant number of monociliary sensory cells, as well as sensory complexes located diffusely in the epithelium of the whole body were revealed. The latter include the cephalic tentacles, sensory cells accumulations along the dorsal furrow and ciliary band, areas of the openings of the tubiparous glands, and papillae. The oval ciliary spot located on the cephalic lobe at the base of the tentacles can also be regarded as a sensory organ. Most of the detected sensory cells show immunoreactivity to substance P and/or acetylated α-tubulin. FMRFamide- and serotonin-like immunoreactivity are manifested by neurons that mainly innervate tentacles, muscles, body wall epithelium, skin glands, tubiparous glands, and papillae. In the larva of O. haakonmosbiensis, monociliary sensory elements were revealed in the region of the apical organ, along the body, and on the pygidium.

Conclusions
The diversity of sensory structures in O. haakonmosbiensis comprises epidermal solitary sensory cells, sensory spots around tubiparous glands openings, and putative sensory organs such as cephalic tentacles, an oval ciliary spot on the cephalic lobe, the dorsal furrow, and papillae. Sensory structures associated with papillae and tubiparous glands play presumable mechanosensory functions and are associated with regulation of tube building as well as anchorage of the worm inside the tube. Sensory structures of the dorsal furrow are presumably engaged in the regulation of reproductive behavior. An overall low level of morphological differentiation of O. haakonmosbiensis peripheral nervous system is not typical even for annelids with the intraepithelial nervous system. This can be considered as a plesiomorphic feature of its peripheral plexus’s organization, or as evidence for the neotenic origin of Siboglinidae.
Intercropping young almond trees with snap bean under Nubaria region conditions
Authors: Abourayya Mahmoud Sami , Kaseem Nabila Elbadawy , Mahmoud Thanaa Shaban Mohamed , Marzouk Neama Mohamed , Rakha Amal Masoad 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Intercropping systems play an effective role in increasing the efficiency of land usage and improving the economic return. During the seasons of 2018 and 2019, the field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of snap bean intercropping on the growth and nutritional status of young almond trees. Examine the impact on snap bean plant growth, green and dry yields, and quality. In addition, evaluate the impact of snap bean incorporation in the soil on soil chemical characteristics. The snap bean Bronco cv. was planted in two rows between rows of 5 × 5 m almond trees, and after harvest, snap bean plants were incorporated (20 cm deep) into the soil and the chemical characteristics of the soil were examined after 60 days.

Results
The growth characteristics and leaf chemical constituents of almond young trees were significantly increased under the intercropping with snap bean plants. The highest growth, yield and pods quality of snap bean were recorded by intercropping with almond trees compared to the sole plants. Incorporation of the snap bean in the soil after harvest promoted a difference in pH and organic carbon content and increases the available contents of N, P and exchangeable elements of K, Ca and Mg in soil after 60 days incorporation compared with soil without incorporation.

Conclusions
Intercropping the snap bean Bronco cv. between the almond trees and incorporate it into the soil after harvesting to maximise the use of the land area and obtain the highest profit.
Viticulture in El Paso del Norte during the Colonial Period
Authors: Hendricks Rick 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Imported grapes planted in El Paso del Norte around the middle of the seventeenth century grew to be substantial vineyards by the opening decades of the eighteenth century. Some growers had tens of thousands of vines under cultivation and produced wine and brandy that, according to contemporary accounts, rivaled the finest wines of Mexico or even Spain. As the century wore on, the fruits of the vine increased in importance in comparison with other agricultural products. In most years only maize competed with wine and brandy as the most valuable agricultural crop. So important were these commodities to the economy of El Paso that every year as many farmers grew grapes to produce wine and brandy as any other product. Traditionally, most of the annual production was consumed locally, although there was a brisk export trade south to Chihuahua and north to Albuquerque and Santa Fe. This trade continued until the annexation of Mexican territory north of the Rio Grande following the Mexican War in 1848. Wine continued to be produced on both sides of the river until the first decades of the twentieth century when the combination of population growth and salination of the soil ended an industry that had flourished for two and one half centuries.
Post and Rail Fences: Derivation, Development, and Demise of Rural Technology in Colonial Australia
Authors: Pickard John 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Post and rail fences had a relatively minor role in England in the eighteenth century, primarily to protect young hedges. However, they rapidly became the most advanced form of fences in the new Australian colonies founded in 1788 and later. The key feature is that thinned tenons on the ends of rectangular split rails fit closely into mortises cut in the rectangular split posts. Post and rail fences were widespread but never common because of the high cost, lack of secure land tenure, and ubiquitous use of shepherds to guard against predatory dingoes. With the introduction of cheap iron wire in the mid-1850s, farmers and pastoralists gained many advantages from fencing their boundaries and paddocks. By 1900 post and rail fences were obsolete technologically, although farmers built decreasing numbers up to the 1960s. More recently, many people are relocating old post and rail fences onto peri-urban subdivisions and erecting new ones to create a rustic appearance. Post and rail fence use in advertisements and other media shows that they have achieved a new status as an icon of rural Australia.
Growing up Growing Sugar: Local Teenage Labor in the Sugar Beet Fields, 1958–1974
Authors: Norris Jim 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The 1950s are often described as an anxious period in American history. Sometimes that anxiety was fed by fears about juvenile delinquency. In the Red River Valley of North Dakota and Minnesota, public apprehension was fueled also from an influx of Mexican people brought to the region by the rapidly expanding sugar beet industry. To address these perceived threats, state and local public officials, civic organizations, and the sugar industry launched a campaign to replace Mexican migrant laborers with local teenage workers. Hence, the number of Mexican people in the region would be reduced significantly, while teenagers were provided jobs that would keep them out of trouble. The Youth Beet Program (YBP) failed as a barrier to Mexican migrants; the teens simply could not produce as well as the migrants. The communities did believe the YBP helped discourage juvenile delinquent behavior. Therefore, the YBP functioned into the 1970s.
Eating and Remembering
Authors: Fitzgerald Deborah 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Although most Americans enjoy a plethora of food choices, as well as an abundance of foods throughout the year, most of this food is processed and travels a long way to our tables. In exchange for plentiful food, evidently, we have given up local and regional sources and supplies of food. Since about 1930, the trend toward centralization, standardization, and specialization has discouraged local production in food, as it has discouraged local and regional production in other industries. This essay considers how this process occurred in perhaps the most archetypical agricultural state--Iowa--to understand how national trends played out on a small stage, and how Iowans responded to these pressures. In the last few years, local and regional food producers have begun to rebound in reaction to these trends.