bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fully Bayesian analysis of the relevance vector machine classification for imbalanced data problem
Authors: Wang Wenyang , Sun Yanna , Li Keran , Wang Jinglin , He Chong , Sun Dongchu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRelevance Vector Machine (RVM) is a supervised learning algorithm extended from Support Vector Machine based on the Bayesian sparsity model. Relevance Vector Machine classification suffers from theoretical limitations and computational inefficiency mainly because there is no closed‐form solution for the posterior of the weight parameters. We propose two advanced Bayesian approaches for RVM classification, namely the Enhanced RVM and the Reinforced RVM, to perfect the theoretic framework of RVM and extend the algorithm to the imbalanced data problem, which has an arresting skew in data size between classes. First, the Enhanced RVM conducts a strict Bayesian sampling process instead of the approximation method in the original one to remedy its theoretic limitations, especially the non‐convergence of the iterations. Secondly, we conjecture that the hierarchical prior makes the Reinforced RVM achieve consistent estimations of the quantities of interest compared with the non‐consistent estimations of the original RVM. Consistency is necessary for RVM classification since it makes the model more stable and localises the relevant vectors more accurately in the imbalanced data problem. The two‐level prior also renders the Reinforced one competitive in the imbalanced data problem by building the inner connection of parameter dimensions and alloting a more vital relevance to the small class data weight parameter. The theoretic proofs and several numeric studies demonstrate the merits of our two proposed algorithms.
Gaia EDR3 comparative study of protoplanetary disk fractions in young stellar clusters
Authors: Mendigutía I. , Solano E. , Vioque M. , Balaguer-Nuñez L. , Ribas A. , Huélamo N. , Rodrigo C. 
Published: June 2022

Context. The lifetime of protoplanetary disks around young stars limits the timescale of planet formation. A disk dissipation timescale ≤10 Myr was inferred from surveys that count the relative number of stars with disks – the disk fraction – in young stellar clusters with different ages. However, most previous surveys focused on the compact region within ∼2 pc of the clusters’ centers, for which the disk fraction information about the outer part is practically absent.
Aims. We aim to test if disk fraction estimates change when inferred from an extended region around the clusters’ centers.
Methods.Gaia EDR3 data and a best-suited, Virtual Observatory (VO)-based tool – Clusterix – are used to identify member stars for a representative sample of 19 young stellar clusters considering two concentric fields of view (FOVs) with radii of ∼20 pc and ∼2 pc. Inner-disk fractions associated with each FOV are identically derived from 2MASS color-color diagrams and compared to each other.
Results. Although the density of members is smaller in the periphery, the absolute number of member stars is typically ∼5 times larger at distances farther than ∼2 pc from the clusters’ centers. In turn, our analysis reveals that the inner disk fractions inferred from the compact and the extended regions are equal within ∼±10%. A list of member and disk stars identified in each cluster is provided and stored in a VO-compliant archive, along with their membership probabilities, angular distances to the center, and Gaia and near-infrared data. Averaged values and plots that characterize the whole clusters are also provided, including Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams based on Gaia colors and absolute magnitudes for the sources with known extinction.
Conclusions. Our results cover the largest fields ever probed when dealing with disk fractions for all clusters analyzed, and imply that their complete characterization requires the use of wide FOVs. However, the comparative study does not support a previous hypothesis that disk fractions should be significantly larger when extended regions are considered. The resulting database is a benchmark for future detailed studies of young clusters, whose disk fractions must be accurately determined by using multiwavelength analysis potentially combined with data from upcoming Gaia releases.
Focal Muscle Vibration Reduces Spasticity and Improves Functional
Level in Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury: A Case Report
Authors: Alashram Anas R. , Annino Giuseppe 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background Spasticity is a common impairment following spinal cord injury
(SCI) that negatively affects the activity of daily livings (ADLs). Focal muscle
vibration (FMV) has beneficial effects in reducing spasticity post-stroke.
Objectives This case report aimed to investigate the effects of 8-week FMV
on spasticity and ADLs in a single patient with an incomplete spinal cord
injury.
Case description The patient was a 26-year-old man with 6-month post-SCI.
Twenty-four sessions of FMV were provided for 15 minutes per session.
Outcome measures included the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) and the Barthel
Index (BI).
Findings The FMV treatment resulted in spasticity reduction of biceps
muscle (reduction from 2 to 1+point median), quadriceps (reduction from
2 to 1 point median), and dorsiflexors (reduction from 3 to 1+point
median) as measured by the Modified Ashworth Scale. The activity of daily
livings assessed by the Barthel Index (improved from 67 to 79 points median)
postintervention and at follow-up.
Conclusions This case report demonstrates that FMV reduces spasticity and
improves the activity of daily livings in patients with incomplete spinal cord
injury. Further research is needed in a larger patient population to verify our
findings.
Improvement of the Pain of Temporomandibular Disorder in Parts of the
Human Body through Temporomandibular Joint Correction Treatment
Authors: Park Bo-Ra , Gim Jeong-An , Baek Kyung-Wan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background and Aim Patients with temporomandibular disorder often
experience pain in various parts of the body. However, the degree of improvement
of patients’ pain through temporomandibular joint correction has not
been identified in an independent study. This study aimed to identify the
symptoms most frequently reported by patients with temporomandibular disorder
and determine the degree of pain improvement and structural changes through
temporomandibular joint correction.
Methodology Patients who complained of temporomandibular disorder and
visited a dental clinic and agreed to participate were included in the study
(n=85). The patients were divided into a nontreatment group
(Control, n=35) and treatment group (Treatment,
n=50) of the temporomandibular joint, and the treatment group
received more than 10 correction treatments. All reported locations of pain were
recorded preintervention and postintervention of temporomandibular joint
correction treatment, and the degree of pain, which measured using a visual
analog scale, was also recorded. Simultaneously, X-ray imaging was performed to
confirm the structural difference between the pre-temporomandibular joint and
post-temporomandibular joint correction treatment.
Result Most of the patients with temporomandibular disorder complained of
temporomandibular joint pain (n=66/85), but the majority
complained of neck pain (n=61/85) and shoulder pain
(n=60/85). In addition, there were many cases of
headache (n=26/85), back pain (n=25/85),
and lockjaw (n=22/85). In rare cases, complaints of
facial pain (n=2/85), tinnitus
(n=2/85), hip joint pain (n=4/85),
knee pain (n=5/85), xeroma
(n=1/85), and ear pain (n=1/85)
have been reported. After temporomandibular joint correction treatment, the
treatment group had significantly lower visual analog scale scores than
pretreatment for TMJ pain, headache, shoulder pain, neck pain, back pain, and
lockjaw (p<.0001). Furthermore, it was confirmed that the balance
of the cranial bone and mandibular condyle symmetry in the X-ray image was
significantly improved in the TMJ correction treatment group (pretreatment vs.
posttreatment, p<.001). In the control group, no significant
differences were observed pre-and post-intervention in all symptoms and X-ray
images.
Conclusion Temporomandibular disorders can cause pain in other parts of
the body with an unknown cause. Therefore, these results show that if the pain
in other parts of the body cannot be fundamentally resolved, temporomandibular
joint correction treatment through the diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder
may need to be performed in dental clinics.
Oligomeric Proanthocyanidin Complex from Avocado Seed as A Promising α-glucosidase Inhibitor: Characteristics and Mechanisms
Authors: Nguyen Thien Huu , Amen Yhiya , Wang Dongmei , Othman Ahmed , Matsumoto Masako , Nagata Maki , Shimizu Kuniyoshi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAlthough considered an abundant source of agricultural by-products, avocado (Persea americana Mill.) seed, with several biological activities and bioactive components, might become a promising resource for phytopharmaceutical development. In this study, through bioassay-guided isolation of the main α-glucosidase inhibitors in avocado seed, we discovered the major α-glucosidase inhibitor to be avocado seed oligomeric proanthocyanidin complex (ASOPC). Thiolysis and UPLC-DAD-HRESIMS showed the presence of A- and B-type procyanidins, and B-type propelargonidin with (epi)afzelechin as extension unit. Mean degree of polymerization (mDP) of ASOPC was calculated as 7.3 ± 1. Furthermore, ASOPC appeared to be a strong, reversible, competitive inhibitor of α-glucosidase, with IC50 value of 0.1 µg/mL, which was significantly lower than Acarbose (IC50 = 75.6 µg/mL), indicated that ASOPC is a potential natural α-glucosidase inhibitor. These findings would contribute to the direction of utilizing avocado seed bioactive components with the possibility to be used as natural anti-diabetic agents.
Increased Opioid Consumption following DIEP Flap Breast Reconstruction: Effect of Depression and Anxiety
Authors: Rodnoi Pope , Dickey Ryan M. , Teotia Sumeet S. , Haddock Nicholas T. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols have decreased postoperative opioid consumption and hospital length of stay in deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap breast reconstruction. We aim to evaluate whether there needs to be further adjustments to best improve outcomes specifically in patients with a preexisting psychiatric condition.
Methods A retrospective review was performed of all patients that underwent DIEP flap breast reconstruction between October 2018 and September 2020. This includes all patients with the most recent ERAS protocol implementation of intraoperative transverse abdominal plane blocks with liposomal bupivacaine. We looked at patients with a psychiatric diagnosis at the time of surgery. Specifically, forms of depression and anxiety were the psychiatric diagnoses for these patients. We divided these patients into three groups: those with no diagnoses, those with a single diagnosis, and those with both diagnoses. Primary outcomes observed were postoperative opioid consumption and length of stay. A one-way analysis of variance determined whether there was a difference between the three groups and a Tukey post hoc analysis made pairwise comparisons. A p-value of < 0.05 was significant.
Results A total of 176 patients were analyzed in this study: 59 (33.5%) of our study population had a diagnosis of either depression, anxiety, or both. Postoperative opioid consumption was higher in patients with a psychiatric diagnosis compared with those without (123.8 to 91.5; p < 0.0005). A multiple regression model consisting of operating time, hospital length of stay, whether the patient has a psychiatric diagnosis, and history of chemotherapy statistically significantly predicted opioid consumption (p < 0.0005).
Conclusion With similar hospital length of stay postoperatively, it is notable that patients with a psychiatric diagnosis had significantly higher amounts of postoperative opioid consumption. This study highlights the need to further improve multidisciplinary integrated care for patients with psychiatric comorbidities to improve pain management postoperatively.
Perforator Characteristics and Impact on Postoperative Outcomes in DIEP Flap Breast Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Aravind Pathik , Colakoglu Salih , Bhoopalam Myan , Ibrahim Ahmed , Mathes David , Kaoutzanis Christodoulos , Mureau Marc , Reddy Sashank 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background High-quality evidence on perforator selection in deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap harvesting is lacking, making preoperative planning and choice of perforators “surgeon-specific.” This lack of consensus is a subject of continuous debate among microsurgeons. We aimed to systematically review perforator characteristics and their impact on DIEP flap breast reconstruction outcomes.
Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis across six databases: ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane Library, Medline, Ovid Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science for all studies on DIEP flap breast reconstruction focused on perforator characteristics—caliber, number, and location. The primary goal was to analyze the impact of perforator characteristics on partial and/or total flap failure and fat necrosis. Data was analyzed using RevMan V5.3.
Results Initial search gave us 2,768 articles of which 17 were included in our review. Pooled analysis did not show any statistically significant correlations between partial and/or total flap failure and perforator number, or perforator location. Sensitivity analysis accounting for heterogeneity across studies showed that, the risk for fat necrosis was significantly higher if single perforators (relative risk [RR] = 2.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.5–2.6, I
2 = 39%) and medial row perforators (RR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.8–3.9, I
2 = 0%) were used.
Conclusion Our findings suggest that a single dominant perforator and medial row perforators may be associated with higher risk of fat necrosis after DIEP flap breast reconstruction. Adopting a standardized perforator selection algorithm may facilitate operative decision making, shorten the learning curve for novice surgeons, and optimize postoperative outcomes by minimizing the burden of major complications. This in turn would help improve patient satisfaction and quality of life.
Detecting contact in language trees: a Bayesian phylogenetic model with horizontal transfer
Authors: Neureiter Nico , Ranacher Peter , Efrat-Kowalsky Nour , Kaiping Gereon A. , Weibel Robert , Widmer Paul , Bouckaert Remco R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPhylogenetic trees are a central tool for studying language evolution and have wide implications for understanding cultural evolution as a whole. For example, they have been the basis of studies on the evolution of musical instruments, religious beliefs and political complexity. Bayesian phylogenetic methods are transparent regarding the data and assumptions underlying the inference. One of these assumptions—that languages change independently—is incompatible with the reality of language evolution, particularly with language contact. When speakers interact, languages frequently borrow linguistic traits from each other. Phylogenetic methods ignore this issue, which can lead to errors in the reconstruction. More importantly, they neglect the rich history of language contact. A principled way of integrating language contact in phylogenetic methods is sorely missing. We present , a Bayesian phylogenetic model with horizontal transfer for language evolution. The model efficiently infers the phylogenetic tree of a language family and contact events between its clades. The implementation is available as a package for the phylogenetics software BEAST 2. We apply in a simulation study and a case study on a subset of well-documented Indo-European languages. The simulation study demonstrates that correctly reconstructs the history of a simulated language family, including simulated contact events. Moreover, it shows that ignoring contact can lead to systematic errors in the estimated tree height, rate of change and tree topology, which can be avoided with . The case study confirms that reconstructs known contact events in the history of Indo-European and finds known loanwords, demonstrating its practical potential. The model has a higher statistical fit to the data than a conventional phylogenetic reconstruction, and the reconstructed tree height is significantly closer to well-attested estimates. Our method closes a long-standing gap between the theoretical and empirical models of cultural evolution. The implications are especially relevant for less documented language families, where our knowledge of past contacts and linguistic borrowings is limited. Since linguistic phylogenies have become the backbone of many studies of cultural evolution, the addition of this integral piece of the puzzle is crucial in the endeavour to understand the history of human culture.
Intersubjectification in constructional change*
Authors: Hilpert Martin , Bourgeois Samuel 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This chapter addresses constructional change in a dialogical construction that is illustrated by utterances such as sarcastic much?, which typically serve the purpose of an interactional challenge. Drawing on web-based corpus data, we argue that this construction is currently undergoing a process of change that expands its range of possible uses. Specifically, we observe the emergence of uses with a different intersubjective function, in which the writer does not aim for confrontation but is rather seeking the solidarity and alignment of the addressee. We offer an account of this development in terms of constructional change, and we use this case study to explore how intersubjectification and the dialogic nature of language can be accommodated more thoroughly in a constructional theory of language change.
What does deixis tell us about motion typology?
Authors: Morita Takahiro 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This chapter discusses whether Deixis is genuinely a subcomponent of Path, as defined in Talmy’s motion typology. Although previous studies have already pointed out several characteristics of Deixis that distinguish it from other non-Deictic Path components, its typological status remains vague and should be better defined. In this chapter, based on a video-based production experiment in Japanese and French, I argue that Deictic verbs have a functional meaning in both languages, and that this functional meaning of Deixis can be considered a subcomponent of Path, as it is motivated by the speaker’s and Figure’s relative position and Ground schema. Based on analyses with reference to different Deictic expressions, I also propose another typology of the ways in which speakers of different languages organize their “here” space vis-à-vis perceived physical events.
Linguistic representations of visual motion
Authors: Matsumoto Yo , Akita Kimi , Bordilovskaya Anna , Eguchi Kiyoko , Koga Hiroaki , Mano Miho , Matsuse Ikuko , Morita Takahiro , Nagaya Naonori , Takahashi Kiyoko , Takahashi Ryosuke , Yoshinari Yuko 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Linguistic expressions of visual motion (e.g., look into the building) in ten languages are compared, based on a crosslinguistic production experiment. We examine how linguistic representations of visual motion are typologically akin to those of self- and caused motion events. The results suggest that speakers frequently refer to path in describing visual motion events, using the “Implicit-figure construction”, where no overt argument of V moves. Head-external path-coding languages allow path to be expressed similarly to how it is expressed in descriptions of self- and caused motion events, whereas head path-coding languages use different strategies. For visual motion, the use of path verbs and deictic verbs is avoided in most languages. Patterns of the representation of visual motion thus reveal a wider range of crosslinguistic variations in describing motion events than previously thought.
Source–Goal asymmetry in German
Authors: Guse Laura 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Following years of intensive research in the field of motion event representation and its encoding in language, it can be concluded that goal paths are predominantly privileged over source paths across many languages and different event types (e.g., Ikegami 1987, Lakusta and Landau 2005, Stefanowitsch and Rohde 2004, Song, this volume). This chapter has two aims: first, to cover the aspect of the granularity of lexicalization patterns encoding goal and source paths in the German language based on qualitative analysis and second, to show that in language, the factors animacy and volition are not mapped onto syntactic structures and do not directly influence the frequency of encoding goal paths. The quantitative corpus study reveals verb-specific preferences for encoding different path elements.
Acquisition of non-native vowel duration contrasts through classroom education
Authors: Saloranta Antti , Heikkola Leena Maria 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In quantity languages, the durations of segments affect the meanings of words. This can present problems for second language (L2) learners who do not already have this feature in their native language. This study examines the effects of an intensive, four-week language course with a communicative focus on the perception and production of non-native vowel duration contrasts. A total of 68 students of Finnish, divided into speakers of quantity or non-quantity languages, took part in identification and production tests before and after taking part in the course. The course produced a significant improvement on identification, but not production. Furthermore, a slight advantage was found for speakers of quantity languages in the identification task. Comparison to native control groups revealed significant differences between groups in both tasks. The results are discussed in relation to the interaction of perception and production, L2 learning models and relevance to L2 teaching.
A sociolinguistic approach to the concept of translation ‘error’ in non-professional translation
settings
Authors: Lees Christopher 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes a sociolinguistic approach to understanding the phenomenon of divergence from the standard
norms of English that can be observed in public texts in the Greek city of Thessaloniki’s translation landscape. This approach
fits in with the growing body of research that recognises that not all translations are carried out by professional translators.
Certainly in the case of Thessaloniki, translations are typically carried out by non-professionals who draw on the linguistic
experience and resources they possess in order to communicate with visitors and residents who do not understand Greek. As a
result, several linguistic and pragmatic divergences from Standard English can be observed in the target text, which native
speakers of English seem to be willing to disregard, provided that the message is intelligible. The sociolinguistic approach
adopted in this paper reveals the translators’ effective use of the English language in conveying the message of the Greek source
text, on the basis of the judgements expressed by translation professionals as well as native speakers of Greek and English.