bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantification and reduction of cross-vendor variation in multicenter DWI MR imaging: results of the Cancer Core Europe imaging task force
Authors: Sedlaczek Oliver Lukas , Kleesiek Jens , Gallagher Ferdia A. , Murray Jacob , Prinz Sebastian , Perez-Lopez Raquel , Sala Evia , Caramella Caroline , Diffetock Sebastian , Lassau Nathalie , Priest Andrew N. , Suzuki Chikako , Vargas Roberto , Giandini Tommaso , Vaiani Marta , Messina Antonella , Blomqvist Lennart K. , Beets-Tan Regina G. H. , Oberrauch Petra , Schlemmer Heinz-Peter , Bach Michael ,   for the CCE – Imaging Task Force
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesIn the Cancer Core Europe Consortium (CCE), standardized biomarkers are required for therapy monitoring oncologic multicenter clinical trials. Multiparametric functional MRI and particularly diffusion-weighted MRI offer evident advantages for noninvasive characterization of tumor viability compared to CT and RECIST. A quantification of the inter- and intraindividual variation occurring in this setting using different hardware is missing. In this study, the MRI protocol including DWI was standardized and the residual variability of measurement parameters quantified.MethodsPhantom and volunteer measurements (single-shot T2w and DW-EPI) were performed at the seven CCE sites using the MR hardware produced by three different vendors. Repeated measurements were performed at the sites and across the sites including a traveling volunteer, comparing qualitative and quantitative ROI-based results including an explorative radiomics analysis.ResultsFor DWI/ADC phantom measurements using a central post-processing algorithm, the maximum deviation could be decreased to 2%. However, there is no significant difference compared to a decentralized ADC value calculation at the respective MRI devices. In volunteers, the measurement variation in 2 repeated scans did not exceed 11% for ADC and is below 20% for single-shot T2w in systematic liver ROIs. The measurement variation between sites amounted to 20% for ADC and < 25% for single-shot T2w. Explorative radiomics classification experiments yield better results for ADC than for single-shot T2w.ConclusionHarmonization of MR acquisition and post-processing parameters results in acceptable standard deviations for MR/DW imaging. MRI could be the tool in oncologic multicenter trials to overcome the limitations of RECIST-based response evaluation.Key Points•Harmonizing acquisition parameters and post-processing homogenization, standardized protocols result in acceptable standard deviations for multicenter MR–DWI studies.•Total measurement variation does not to exceed 11% for ADC in repeated measurements in repeated MR acquisitions, and below 20% for an identical volunteer travelling between sites.•Radiomic classification experiments were able to identify stable features allowing for reliable discrimination of different physiological tissue samples, even when using heterogeneous imaging data.
Association between visual emphysema and lung nodules on low-dose CT scan in a Chinese Lung Cancer Screening Program (Nelcin-B3)
Authors: Yang Xiaofei , Dorrius Monique D. , Jiang Wenzhen , Nie Zhenhui , Vliegenthart Rozemarijn , Groen Harry J. M. , Heuvelmans Marjolein A. , Sidorenkov Grigory , Vonder Marleen , Ye Zhaoxiang , de Bock Geertruida H. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the association between visual emphysema and the presence of lung nodules, and Lung-RADS category with low-dose CT (LDCT).

Methods
Baseline LDCT scans of 1162 participants from a lung cancer screening study (Nelcin-B3) performed in a Chinese general population were included. The presence, subtypes, and severity of emphysema (at least trace) were visually assessed by one radiologist. The presence, size, and classification of non-calcified lung nodules (≥ 30 mm3) and Lung-RADS category were independently assessed by another two radiologists. Multivariable logistic regression and stratified analyses were performed to estimate the association between emphysema and lung nodules, Lung-RADS category, after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, smoking status, pack-years, and passive smoking.

Results
Emphysema and lung nodules were observed in 674 (58.0%) and 424 (36.5%) participants, respectively. Participants with emphysema had a 71% increased risk of having lung nodules (adjusted odds ratios, aOR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.26–2.31) and 70% increased risk of positive Lung-RADS category (aOR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.09–2.66) than those without emphysema. Participants with paraseptal emphysema (n = 47, 4.0%) were at a higher risk for lung nodules than those with centrilobular emphysema (CLE) (aOR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.32–4.50 and aOR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.23–2.09, respectively). Only CLE was associated with positive Lung-RADS category (p = 0.02). CLE severity was related to a higher risk of lung nodules (ranges aOR: 1.44–2.61, overall p < 0.01).

Conclusion
In a Chinese general population, visual emphysema based on LDCT is independently related to the presence of lung nodules (≥ 30 mm3) and specifically CLE subtype is related to positive Lung-RADS category. The risk of lung nodules increases with CLE severity.

Key Points
• Participants with emphysema had an increased risk of having lung nodules, especially smokers.
• Participants with PSE were at a higher risk for lung nodules than those with CLE, but nodules in participants with CLE had a higher risk of positive Lung-RADS category.
• The risk of lung nodules increases with CLE severity.
Endoscopic tympanoplasty with post-conchal perichondrium in repairing large-sized eardrum perforations
Authors: Chen Chin-Kuo , Hsu Hsin-Chiao , Wang Min 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to compare the outcomes of endoscopic tympanoplasty with post-conchal perichondrium (PCP) and microscopic tympanoplasty with temporalis fascia in repairing large-sized eardrum perforations.

Methods
We performed a retrospective chart review of 43 patients who underwent type 1 tympanoplasty for simple large-sized perforations. The patients were divided into two groups: Group I (endoscopic ear surgery with a PCP graft, 22 patients) and Group II (microscopic ear surgery with temporalis fascia, 21 patients). Graft success rate, demographic data, pre- and postoperative pure-tone average and word-recognition score, closure of the air − bone gap, and postoperative pain scale scores were compared between the two groups.

Results
The graft success rates in groups I and II were 86.3% and 85.7%, respectively. The mean operation time in Group I (79.8 ± 16.5 min) was significantly shorter than that in Group II (99.9 ± 26.7 min) (p = 0.006). Both groups showed significant improvements in the pure-tone average and word-recognition scores. Average closure of the air − bone gap (ABG) in groups I and II was 20.7 ± 6.9 dB and 17.6 ± 8.4 dB, respectively. The reduction in ABG in Group I had a significantly higher magnitude than in Group II at 1000 and 2000 Hz, respectively (p = 0.028 and p = 0.017). The two groups showed no significant difference in postoperative pain scores.

Conclusion
Endoscopic tympanoplasty with PCP showed a reliable, fascia-preserved, and excellent outcome in repairing large-sized perforations.
Acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland: Timeo Danaos et dona ferentes? A multicenter retrospective analysis focusing on survival outcome
Authors: De Luca Pietro , de Campora Luca , Tassone Domenico , Atturo Francesca , Colangeli Roberta , Petruzzi Gerardo , Fermi Matteo , Molinari Giulia , Abeshi Andi , Cintoli Giulia , Lo Manto Alfredo , Togo Giulia , Ricciardiello Filippo , Condorelli Paolo , Raso Ferdinando , Di Stadio Arianna , Salzano Giovanni , Esposito Erik , D’Ecclesia Aurelio , Radici Marco , Iemma Maurizio , Vigili Maurizio Giovanni , Salzano Francesco Antonio , Magaldi Luciano , Cassano Michele , Dallan Iacopo , Pellini Raul , Presutti Livio , Ionna Franco , de Campora Enrico , Camaioni Angelo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To analyze the demographic data, surgical and adjuvant treatment data and the survival outcomes in adult patients affected by acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland (AciCC).

Methods
A retrospective multicenter analysis of patients treated for AciCC of the parotid gland from 2000 to 2021 was performed. Exclusion criteria were pediatric (0–18 years) patients, the absence of follow-up and patients with secondary metastatic disease to the parotid gland. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with survival.

Results
The study included 81 adult patients with AciCC of the parotid gland. The median age was 46.3 years (SD 15.81, range 19–84 years), with a gender female prevalence (F = 48, M = 33). The mean follow-up was 77.7 months (min 4–max 361, SD 72.46). The 5 years overall survival (OS) was 97.5%. The 5 years disease-free survival (DFS) was 60%. No statistical differences have been found in prognosis for age (< 65 or ≥ 65 years), sex, surgery type (superficial vs profound parotid surgery), radicality (R0 vs R1 + Rclose), neck dissection, early pathologic T and N stages and adjuvant therapy (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
This study did not find prognostic factor for poorest outcome. In contrast with the existing literature, our results showed how also high-grade tumours cannot be considered predictive of recurrence or aggressive behaviour.
Right colectomy from open to robotic — a single-center experience with functional outcomes in a learning-curve setting
Authors: Hirschburger Markus , Schneider Rolf , Kraenzlein Sophie , Padberg Winfried , Hecker Andreas , Reichert Martin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Right colectomy (RC) is a frequently performed procedure. Beneath standard conventional open surgery (COS), various minimally invasive techniques had been introduced. Several advantages had recently been described for robotic approaches over COS or conventional laparoscopy. Nevertheless, novel minimally invasive techniques require continuous benchmarking against standard COS to gain maximum patient safety. Bowel dysfunction is a frequent problem after RC. Together with general complication rates postoperative bowel recovery are used as surrogate parameters for postoperative patient outcome in this study.

Methods
Retrospective, 10-year single-center analysis of consecutive patients who underwent sequentially either COS (n = 22), robotic-assisted (ECA: n = 39), or total robotic surgery (ICA: n = 56) for oncologic RC was performed.

Results
The conversion from robotic to open surgery rate was low (overall: 3.2%). Slightly longer duration of surgery had been observed during the early phase after introduction of the robotic program to RC (ECA versus COS, p = 0.044), but not anymore thereafter (versus ICA). No differences were observed in oncologic parameters including rates of tumor-negative margins, lymph node-positive patients, and lymph node yield during mesocolic excision. Both robotic approaches are beneficial regarding postoperative complication rates, especially wound infections, and shorter length of in-hospital stay compared with COS. The duration until first postoperative stool is the shortest after ICA (COS: 4 [2–8] days, ECA: 3 [1–6] days, ICA: 3 [1–5] days, p = 0.0004). Regression analyses reveal neither a longer duration of surgery nor the extent of mesocolic excision, but the degree of minimally invasiveness and postoperative systemic inflammation contribute to postoperative bowel dysfunction, which prolongs postoperative in-hospital stay significantly.

Conclusion
The current study reflects the institutional learning curve of oncologic RC during implementation of robotic surgery from robotic-assisted to total robotic approach without compromises in oncologic results and patient safety. However, the total robotic approach is beneficial regarding postoperative bowel recovery and general patient outcome.
A Newly Discovered Tendon Between the Genioglossus Muscle and Epiglottic Cartilage Identified by Histological Observation of the Pre-Epiglottic Space
Authors: Kitamura Kei , Watanabe Tae , Yamamoto Masahito , Ishikawa Noboru , Kasahara Norio , Abe Shinichi , Yamamoto Hitoshi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEpiglottic retroversion is difficult to explain anatomically. One reason is inadequate structural identification of the ligaments in the submucosal tissue anterior to the epiglottis (pre-epiglottic space, PES). Although studies have shown that tongue root movement plays a role in epiglottic retroversion, few morphological reports have investigated the attachment of the lingual muscles to the epiglottis. This study reconstructed the fiber structure of the PES by comprehensively analyzing fiber alignment in the PES focusing on the hyoepiglottic ligament, which runs between the lingual muscles and the epiglottis. Gross and microscopic observations of the submucosal structures from the tongue to the larynx of 20 cadavers (10 men, 10 women; mean age 79 years) were performed. A tendon continuing from the posterior part of the genioglossus muscle and attaching to the center of the epiglottic cartilage was identified in the midline area of the epiglottis. We named this tendon the glossoepiglottic tendon. In contrast, the hyoepiglottic ligament is found between the hyoid bone and the epiglottis and is attached from the lateral margin of the epiglottic cartilage to its base. Furthermore, the glossoepiglottic tendon consists of a high-density fiber bundle that is thicker than the hyoepiglottic ligament. These results show that the conventional hyoepiglottic ligament has a two-layer structure consisting of an upper fiber bundle connected to the genioglossus muscle and a lower fiber bundle connected to the hyoid bone. Sustained contraction of the posterior part of the genioglossus muscle therefore places the epiglottis under persistent traction, suggesting that its relaxation may cause epiglottic retroversion.
Magnetic Anisotropy in YbAlO$$_3$$ Studied by Electron Spin Resonance
Authors: Ehlers D. , Vasylechko L. , Medvecká Z. , Sichelschmidt J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe magnetic anisotropy of the quantum-critical spin-chain system YbAlO$$_3$$

3

is studied in detail in its paramagnetic phase by means of electron spin resonance. We find an uniaxial g factor anisotropy with $$g_\parallel =7.01$$

g
‖

=
7.01

and $$g_\perp = 0.47$$

g
⊥

=
0.47

. The existence of two distinct magnetic Yb sites explains the resonance spectra well.
A scoping review on the multiplicity of scale in spatial analysis
Authors: Oshan Taylor M. , Wolf Levi J. , Sachdeva Mehak , Bardin Sarah , Fotheringham A. Stewart 
Published: June 2022

AbstractScale is a central concept in the geographical sciences and is an intrinsic property of many spatial systems. It also serves as an essential thread in the fabric of many other physical and social sciences, which has contributed to the use of different terminology for similar manifestations of what we refer to as ‘scale’, leading to a surprising amount of diversity around this fundamental concept and its various ‘multiscale’ extensions. To address this, we review common abstractions about spatial scale and how they are employed in quantitative research. We also explore areas where the conceptualizations of multiple spatial scales can be differentiated. This is achieved by first bridging terminology and concepts, and then conducting a scoping review of the topic. A typology for spatial scale is discussed that can be used to categorize its multifarious meanings and measures. This typology is then used to distinguish what we term ‘process scale,’ from other types of spatial scale and to highlight current trends in uncovering aspects of process scale. We end with suggestions on how to further build knowledge regarding spatial processes through the lens of spatial scale.
Ethics of Self-driving Cars: A Naturalistic Approach
Authors: Arfini Selene , Spinelli Davide , Chiffi Daniele 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe potential development of self-driving cars (also known as autonomous vehicles or AVs – particularly Level 5 AVs) has called the attention of different interested parties. Yet, there are still only a few relevant international regulations on them, no emergency patterns accepted by communities and Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs), and no publicly accepted solutions to some of their pending ethical problems. Thus, this paper aims to provide some possible answers to these moral and practical dilemmas. In particular, we focus on what AVs should do in no-win scenarios and on who should be held responsible for these types of decisions. A naturalistic perspective on ethics informs our proposal, which, we argue, could represent a pragmatic and realistic solution to the regulation of AVs. We discuss the proposals already set out in the current literature regarding both policy-making strategies and theoretical accounts. In fact, we consider and reject descriptive approaches to the problem as well as the option of using either a strict deontological view or a solely utilitarian one to set AVs’ ethical choices. Instead, to provide concrete answers to AVs’ ethical problems, we examine three hierarchical levels of decision-making processes: country-wide regulations, OEM policies, and buyers’ moral attitudes. By appropriately distributing ethical decisions and considering their practical implications, we maintain that our proposal based on ethical naturalism recognizes the importance of all stakeholders and allows the most able of them to take actions (the OEMs and buyers) to reflect on the moral leeway and weight of their options.
The fracture predictive ability of lumbar spine BMD and TBS as calculated based on different combinations of the lumbar spine vertebrae
Authors: Shevroja Enisa , Mo Costabella François , Gonzalez Rodriguez Elena , Lamy Olivier , Hans Didier 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Summary
Lumbar
spine bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone score (TBS) are both calculated on L1-L4 vertebrae. This study investigated the ability to predict osteoporotic fractures of BMD and TBS as calculated based on all possible adjacent L1-L4 vertebrae combinations. Present findings indicate that L1-L3 is an optimal combination to calculate LS-BMD or TBS.

Introduction
Lumbar spine (LS) BMD and TBS are both assessed in the LS DXA scans in the same region of interest, L1-L4. We aimed to investigate the ability to predict osteoporotic fractures of all the possible adjacent LS vertebrae combinations used to calculate BMD and TBS and to evaluate if any of these combinations performs better at osteoporotic fracture prediction than the traditional L1-L4 combination.

Methods
This study was embedded in OsteoLaus-women cohort in Switzerland. LS-DXA scans were performed using Discovery A System (Hologic). The incident vertebral fractures (VFs) and major osteoporotic fractures (MOFs) were assessed from VF assessments using Genant’s method or questionnaires (non-VF MOF). We ran logistic models using TBS and BMD to predict MOF, VF, and non-VF MOF, combining different adjustment factors (age, fracture level, or BMD).

Results
One thousand six hundred thirty-two women (mean ± SD) 64.4 ± 7.5 years, BMI 25.9 ± 4.5 kg/m2, were followed for 4.4 years and 133 experienced MOF. The association of one SD decrease L1-L3 BMD with the odds ratios (ORs) of MOF was OR 1.32 (95%CI 1.15–1.53), L2-L4 BMD was 1.25 (95%CI 1.09–1.42), and L1-L4 BMD was 1.30 (95%CI 1.14–1.48). One SD decrease in L1-L3 TBS was more strongly associated with the odds of having a MOF (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.34–2.00), than one SD decrease in L2-L4 TBS (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.21–1.81), or in L1-L4 TBS (OR 1.60, CI 95% 1.32–1.95).

Conclusion
Current findings indicate that L1-L3 is an optimal combination for the TBS or LS-BMD calculation.
Maternal mental health mediates links between socioeconomic status and child development
Authors: Smith Tess A. , Kievit Rogier A. , Astle Duncan E. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on early child development is well-established, but the mediating role of parental mental health is poorly understood. Data were obtained from The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC; n = 13,855), including measures of early SES (age 8 months), key aspects of development during mid-late childhood (ages 7–8 years), and maternal mental health during early childhood (ages 0–3 years). In the first year of life, better maternal mental health was shown to weaken the negative association between SES and child mental health. Better maternal mental health was additionally shown to weaken the association between SES and child cognitive ability. These findings highlight the variability and complexity of the mediating role of parental mental health on child development. They further emphasise the importance of proximal factors in the first year of life, such as parental mental health, in mediating key developmental outcomes.
It’s all about beliefs: Believing emotions are uncontrollable is linked to symptoms of anxiety and depression through cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression
Authors: Deplancke Carla , Somerville Matthew P. , Harrison Amy , Vuillier Laura 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the link between personal beliefs about emotion controllability and symptoms of anxiety and depression, with a particular focus on the mediating role of emotion regulation. To date, there has been little research examining the mediating role of cognitive reappraisal or expressive suppression in the link between beliefs about emotion controllability and symptoms of anxiety. Online questionnaires measuring emotion regulation, beliefs about emotion controllability, and depression and anxiety, were completed by 1227 participants (n = 336 males; Mage = 25.3, SD = 10.1; range = 16 to 83 years). The results indicated that perceived control over one’s own emotions predicted better psychological health (fewer symptoms of anxiety and depression). This link between beliefs about emotion controllability and psychological heath was partially mediated by cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression, with cognitive reappraisal predicting a reduction in clinical symptoms and expressive suppression predicting an increase in clinical symptoms. These findings suggest that individuals’ beliefs about emotion controllability, leads to the use of certain emotion regulation strategies which in turn, have important consequences for psychological health.
Membranumbau durch ESCRT-III-Proteine
Authors: von Filseck Joachim Moser 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo maintain their function, cellular membranes require membrane remodelling, mediated by protein machineries like the ESCRT-III that deforms and breaks membranes in different cellular functions. Its mechanism of function is still unknown. However, recent findings on the ESCRT-IIIs’ structural and dynamic features, such as their ability to alter their shape, membrane-binding and mechanical properties, allow formulating interesting new hypotheses on how they can remodel membranes.
CRISPR-Cas-Systeme der Klasse 1: Genome Engineering und Silencing
Authors: Klein Nathalie , Rust Selina , Randau Lennart 
Published: June 2022

AbstractClass 1 CRISPR-Cas systems are prevalent among prokaryotes and are characterized by effector complexes that consist of multiple Cas protein subunits. Type I systems recruit the DNA nuclease Cas3 for target DNA degradation. Type IV systems exhibit CRISPR interference in the absence of DNA cleavage. These mechanisms allow for versatile genome engineering and silencing approaches. Here, we indicate advantages and drawbacks in comparison to more commonly employed Cas9-based tools.
Automatisierte Wege der mikrobiellen Stammentwicklung
Authors: Tenhaef Julia , Halle Lars , Müller Moritz-Fabian , Tenhaef Niklas , Noack Stephan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe successful transformation of the conventional, petroleum-based industry into a sustainable bioeconomy is largely dependent on the availability of suitable microbial production strains for the biobased production of valuable compounds from renewable raw materials. For rapid and targeted development of optimal production strains, automation approaches for (un)directed strain construction and improvement are needed.