bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Habitat associations of riverine fishes among rocky shoals
Authors: Baynes Anna Y. , Freeman Mary C. , McKay Steven Kyle , Wenger Seth J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUnderstanding species' associations with physical habitat conditions is a fundamental goal of ecology. For organisms that occupy lotic ecosystems, relationships to streamflow are of particular importance, but these associations are unstudied for most species. We tested the predictability of fish–microhabitat relationships in river shoals (shallow, rocky areas with relatively swift water flow) using a large data set from the Conasauga River in Georgia, USA. Our objective was to assess the consistency of species‐specific relationships with flow‐dependent variables (depth, velocity, Reynolds number and Froude number) while accounting for other microhabitat variables (e.g. vegetation). We used data from 8285 seine‐sets collected during late summer or autumn at 26 sites over 12 years to relate occurrence and counts of 22 fish species to habitat variables using generalised linear multiple regression models. Results showed that microhabitat models explained a substantial amount of the variation in counts for some species, although other species were poorly predicted. We classified 16 species as velocity specialists and nine species as depth specialists, with six species specialised for depth and velocity and three species classified as depth and velocity generalists. The variability in habitat associations that we observed suggests that species will be unevenly affected by anthropogenic activities that alter flows.
Bilingualism can cause enhanced monitoring and occasional delayed responses in a flanker task
Authors: Markiewicz Roksana , Mazaheri Ali , Krott Andrea 
Published: November 2022

AbstractComplex cognitive tasks require different stages of processing (i.e. conflict monitoring, attentional resource allocation and stimulus categorisation). Performance differences between bilinguals and monolinguals on conflict tasks can be affected by the balance of these sub‐processes. The current study investigated the effect of bilingualism on these sub‐processes during a conflict task with medium monitoring demand. Behavioural responses and evoked potentials from bilinguals and monolinguals were examined during a flanker task with 25% incongruent trials. Behavioural differences were analysed by means of averaged response times and exponentially modified Gaussian analyses of response time distributions. For evoked potentials, the study focussed on N2 (reflecting conflict monitoring) and P3 responses (reflecting allocation of attentional resources for cognitive control). Bilinguals had significantly longer response distribution tails compared to monolinguals. Bilinguals were shown to have a more pronounced N2 and smaller P3 compared to monolinguals, independent of condition, suggesting a different balance of sub‐processes for the two groups. This suggests that bilinguals were engaged more strongly in monitoring processes, leading to the allocation of fewer attentional resources during stimulus categorisation. Additionally, the P3 amplitudes were negatively related with the length of response distribution tails for bilinguals. These results are consistent with enhanced conflict monitoring in bilinguals that led to reduced engagement of attentional resources for stimulus categorisation. This enhanced conflict monitoring could lead to occasional extremely slow responses. Thus, the bilingual experience appears to impact the balance of cognitive control processes during conflict tasks, which might only be reflected in a minority of responses.
Cohesion and conflict for mothers during the pandemic: Results of the Portuguese version of the COVID‐19 Household Environment Scale
Authors: Arsénio Joana , Fonseca Gabriela , Portugal Alda , Crespo Carla 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic is a worldwide event that has caused significant changes in the daily lives of individuals and families. The combined effect of the pandemic and the stress associated with major life cycle changes, such as the transition to parenthood, is yet to be understood. The aim of the current study was to validate the Portuguese version of the recently developed COVID‐19 Household Environment Scale (CHES) and examine its psychometric properties in a sample of mothers who had given birth during the pandemic. The CHES is a self‐report measure assessing the consequences of the COVID‐19 pandemic in household cohesion and conflict and includes two sections. Section 1 contains 25 descriptive items pertaining to sociodemographic and household characteristics and COVID‐19 stressors. Section 2 encompasses household cohesion and conflict, assessing any change in household experiences and activities following the onset of social distancing. The participants consisted of 342 mothers, aged between 19 and 50 years (M = 31.43; SD = 4.38). A confirmatory factor analysis supported the original CHES bifactor structure of household cohesion and conflict, which obtained an acceptable fit (CFI = 0.900, RMSEA = 0.065). Correlations between household cohesion and conflict and family cohesion and dyadic coping contributed to developing the construct validity of this scale. Furthermore, both CHES subscales demonstrated very good internal consistency. Further research is warranted to assess the CHES in other cultural contexts. This is a useful tool to assess change in family households due to the unprecedented adverse pandemic experience.
The effect of investor service costs on mutual fund performance
Authors: Jiang George J. , Yao Tong , Zaynutdinova Gulnara R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe examine the effect of investor service costs on mutual fund performance. Benchmarking passive funds against ETFs managed by the same fund company with the same investment objectives, we show that passive funds on average underperform ETFs by 42 bps in annualized net returns, of which about 90% can be attributed to investor service costs. Further benchmarking active funds against passive funds, we show that active funds on average outperform passive funds by 31 bps in annualized gross returns. However, the higher expense ratios charged by active funds lead to about 28 bps of underperformance in annualized net fund returns.
Bismuth, esomeprazole, metronidazole and amoxicillin or tetracycline as a first‐line regimen for Helicobacter pylori eradication: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tian Xue‐li , Suo Bao‐jun , Zhang Hua , Lu Hao‐ping , Li Cai‐ling , Zhang Yu‐xin , Ren Xin‐lu , Yao Xing‐yu , Zhou Li‐ya , Song Zhi‐qiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundDue to general unavailability and common side effects of tetracycline, the clinical application of bismuth quadruple therapy (BQT) is greatly limited. Whether amoxicillin can replace tetracycline in BQT remains unknown. This study aimed to compare the eradication rate, safety and compliance between amoxicillin‐containing and tetracycline‐containing BQT as a first‐line regimen for Helicobacter pylori eradication.MethodsThis randomized trial was conducted on 404 naïve patients for H. pylori eradication. The participants were randomly assigned to 14‐day amoxicillin‐containing (bismuth potassium citrate 110 mg four times/day, esomeprazole 20 mg twice daily, metronidazole 400 mg four times/day and amoxicillin 500 mg four times/day) and tetracycline‐containing (tetracycline 500 mg four times/day and the other three drugs used as above) BQT. Safety and compliance were assessed within 3 days after eradication. Urea breath test was performed 4–8 weeks after eradication to evaluate outcome.ResultsAs for the eradication rates of amoxicillin‐containing and tetracycline‐containing BQT, the results of both intention‐to‐treat and per‐protocol analyses showed that the difference rate of the lower limit of 95% confidence interval was above −10.0% (intention‐to‐treat analysis: 81.7% vs. 83.2%, with a rate difference of −1.5% [−6.3% to 9.3%]; per‐protocol analysis: 89.0% vs. 91.6%, −2.6% [−4.1% to 9.3%]). The incidence of adverse events in amoxicillin‐containing BQT was significantly lower than tetracycline‐containing BQT (29.5% vs. 39.7%). Both groups achieved relatively good compliance (92.0% vs. 89.9%).ConclusionThe eradication efficacy of amoxicillin‐containing BQT was non‐inferior to tetracycline‐containing BQT as a first‐line regimen for H. pylori eradication with better safety and similar compliance.
Characterising patients and clinician experiences in comprehensive conservative care for kidney failure in Northern Queensland
Authors: Al Maraee Gheed , Vangaveti Venkat , Mallett Andrew 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundComprehensive conservative care (CCC) is an emerging treatment option in kidney failure (KF), but its implementation has been restricted by a limited understanding of KF populations, outcomes and clinician experiences.AimsThis pilot study aimed to investigate the characteristics of patients who are opting for (CCC) in North Queensland, Australia. It also aimed to highlight clinician factors impacting treatment discussions.MethodsIt was an observational study facilitated through an online cross‐sectional survey to nephrologists, nephrology advanced trainees and nurse practitioners working across North Queensland.ResultsStudy participants disagreed with the statement that patients commencing dialysis are more likely to have cardiac co‐morbidities (46.7%), diabetes (40.0%), stroke (60.0%), liver disease (60.0%), chronic lung disease (53.3%), cognitive impairment (60.0%) and use of mobility aids (80.0%) than those commencing CCC. Conversely, they agreed that patients commencing dialysis are more likely to be independent (66.7%) and living in their private residence (40.0%). The median frailty score in patients choosing dialysis was 3.0 (interquartile range (IQR) 2.8–3.3), while that of patients selecting CCC was 4.5 (IQR 3.8–7.0). Our participants were aware of at least one clinical prognostication tool, and the one most frequently used was the ‘Surprise Question’ (46.2%, n = 6). Overall, our participants demonstrated low confidence (median 8.0%, IQR 6.0–8.0%) in facilitating CCC discussions.ConclusionPatients who are highly co‐morbid and frail and have functional impairment are suitable candidates for CCC. More focus needs to be placed on objective prognostication of patients and the upskilling of clinicians to advocate for, and deliver, CCC.
Institutional investors' corporate site visits and corporate investment efficiency
Authors: Xiao He 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study examines the association between institutional investors' corporate site visits (CSVs) and the visited firms' investment efficiency. Using unique CSVs' data from China, this study provides empirical evidence that institutional investors' CSVs lessen the visited firms' corporate investment inefficiency, including both over‐ and underinvestment. The negative relationship between CSVs and investment inefficiency is less pronounced for firms with higher quality financial reporting and better corporate governance. In addition, CSVs show a decrease in corporate overinvestment by monitoring the risk‐taking activities of younger CEOs and expansionary firms, and supervising the use of excess free cash flows. Meanwhile, CSVs could mitigate underinvestment by reducing managerial shirking from entrenched CEOs, such as dual or longer‐tenured CEOs. The possible economic mechanism behind this association is that CSVs increase institutional shareholding percentages. All the main findings are robust to a battery of endogeneity and robustness tests.
Pressureless sintering of LRH nanoplates on amorphous alumina for near‐infrared GAP:Mn4+ transparent ceramic film
Authors: Yao Jing , Chen Lu , Zhu Qi , Li Ji‐Guang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTransparent ceramics have become a research hotspot in the preparation of fluorescent materials in recent years, because of their excellent physical and chemical properties and high transparency. Gadolinium aluminate, as a stable matrix material, is often doped with various active ions to obtain luminescence with different colors. However, it is very difficult to fabricate gadolinium aluminate transparent ceramics by a traditional method, although they are the charming solid lighting materials. Here, we developed a pressureless sintering method to prepare GdAlO3:Mn (GAP:Mn) transparent ceramic films, which were prepared by spin coating layered rare‐earth hydroxide (LRH) on amorphous alumina substrate and sintering at 1550°C for 2 h. Through the interface reaction, the Al2O3 reacted with Gd2O3 to form mesophase Gd4Al2O9 below 1550°C. However, the final products are GdAlO3 at 1550°C. The GAP:Mn4+ film exhibits a high transmittance of about 90%. Under UV excitation at 310 nm, the ceramic film outputs deep red and NIR emissions, which are both arising from the 2Eg–4A2g transition of Mn4+. Due to the electron traps arising from unequal valence substitution, the ceramic film exhibits a negative thermal quenching phenomenon. The ceramic film has a good luminescence thermal stability, because its emission intensity at 150°C maintains over 72% that at room temperature. This work may pave a new way to fabricate transparent ceramics using LRHs.
Mapping uncertainty in precision medicine: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Lohse Simon 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRationaleAlthough precision medicine is seen by many as one of the most promising advances in the field of medicine, it has also raised critical questions at various levels. Many of these concerns revolve around an observation described by Kimmelman and Tannock as the ‘paradox of precision medicine’: somewhat surprisingly, uncertainty seems to be a key characteristic of precision medicine in practice.Aims and ObjectiveTo better understand this concept and the underlying issues, a scoping review was undertaken to search for factors stated in the literature as contributing to or being aspects of uncertainty in precision medicine.MethodsA systematic search of the literature was conducted in three databases (Pubmed, Web of Science, and Jstor) and complemented with a systematic hand‐search. The initial search provided 1.252 items of which 51 articles for selected as eligible for further analysis. These articles were coded with MAXQDA and categorized into four main themes (a–d) of uncertainty. The main results were summarized and discussed with a view to the interrelations between different aspects and implications for precision medicine in practice.ResultsThe mapping of different aspects and sources of uncertainty leads to the key result that ‘uncertainty’ should be understood as a cluster concept. Uncertainties are identified in many different respects and situated at different levels: Most complexity‐related issues (theme a) can best be understood as ontological (‘world‐sided’) aspects of the uncertainty paradox. Conceptual (theme b) and evidence‐related uncertainties (theme c) are situated on an epistemological or methodological level, addressing foundational and normative challenges related to knowledge production in precision medicine. Finally, theme (d) targets issues on the level of material precision medicine practices. These levels are helpful to understand the different dimensions of the uncertainty paradox.ConclusionsUncertainty may not merely be a transient effect of the novelty of the precision medicine paradigm. Rather, it should be seen as a consequence of the ontological, epistemological and practical complexity of precision medicine, implying that uncertainty will not necessarily be reduced by more research. This finding encourages further investigations to better understand the interactions among various factors and aspects of uncertainty in precision medicine and the resulting implications for research and medical practice.
Fractional carbon dioxide laser versus combined fractional CO2 laser and platelet rich plasma in treatment of facial wrinkles: A comparative split face study
Authors: Seoudy Wael M. , El Messallamy Haitham S. , Youssef Sahar S. , Zaki Marwa S. E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundWrinkles are the most visible sign in skin aging and for which many people seek different aesthetic procedures. Treatment options varies from invasive to non‐invasive procedures. Combining platelet rich plasma and fractional carbon dioxide laser (CO2) has been used frequently for showing promising results in treating photoaged skin generally and wrinkles specifically since the microscopic thermal zones created by the fractional laser facilitates the delivery of the plasma into the dermis which aids the process of collagen induction and skin rejuvenation.Aim of the workTo compare and assess the clinical efficacy of fractional CO2 laser alone versus combined fractional CO2 laser and platelet rich plasma in treatment of facial rhytides (in terms of size, depth, and overall appearance).Subjects and MethodsTwenty‐six female patients were selected and each face was split into 2 halves a control side (Laser + saline) and an experimental side (Laser + platelet rich plasma). Treatment plan was 1 laser session per month for a total of 4 sessions. Clinical objective evaluation was done by the Antera camera in addition to assessment by two blinded dermatologists.ResultsThe combined treatment was as effective in improving wrinkles as fractional CO2 laser alone. Antera camera scores showed statistical significance in overall wrinkles measurements on each side equally.ConclusionBoth treatment modalities gave optimum cosmetic results with no significant difference noticed when compared with each other, although overall satisfaction with wrinkles and skin were statistically greater than the initial satisfaction scores.
The effect of combined hyaluronic acid filler injection and radiofrequency treatment: A clinic histological analysis
Authors: Jurairattanaporn Natthachat , Amornpetkul Watinee , Rutnin Suthinee , Vachiramon Vasanop 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundHyaluronic acid (HA) filler injections have increased in popularity. They are usually performed in combination with other treatment modalities, including lasers and energy‐based devices, to enhance cosmetic results. Theoretically, HA and other filler injections should be performed after laser‐ or energy‐based device treatments. In some instances, however, practitioners are asked to administer laser‐ or energy‐based device treatment after HA dermal filler injection. There is a concerning possibility of HA filler degradation as a result of bulk heating generated by lasers or energy‐based devices, especially radiofrequency (RF).AimTo evaluate the effect of RF treatment at different time points on HA degradation in vivo, using clinicohistological analysis.Patients/methodsFourteen volunteers were recruited and received intradermal HA filler injections in four sites on the abdomen. One site served as the control, and the other three sites were treated with monopolar RF on the same day after injection, at 14 and 28 days post‐injection. Skin biopsies were performed at baseline and 56 days after HA injection. Histopathological sections were reviewed for residual filler in the tissue.ResultsThe results showed that HA grading scores decreased in five (35.71%), one (7.14%), and one (7.14%) participants when RF was performed immediately, 14 and 28 days after injection, respectively.ConclusionIn conclusion, RF treatment after HA filler injection may affect the integrity of the HA filler in the tissue, especially if RF treatment was performed on the same day after HA injection.
Fingerprinting and Biopolitical Police Surveillance in Turkey
Authors: Özşeker Erhan , Mercan Boran Ali 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper problematises the 2007 amendments to Article 5 of the Police Powers and Duties Law (PPDL) in Turkey that categorises all citizens as ‘potential suspects’ through fingerprinting technology. The amended article requires everyone to submit fingerprint samples when applying for certain official documents such as driver's licences, passports, and ID cards. Consequently, the result has been dramatic: the police have so far proactively recorded more than 60 million people's fingerprints in the process of issuing these documents. Yet, there has been no research into this phenomenon. This paper suggests that this sort of biometric police surveillance is not a recent development, rather part of a long tradition within policing ‘Turkish’ national interests. Following Foucault's genealogical methodology, the paper argues that the governability of a large heterogeneous population across a vast territory has always demanded biometric policing technologies, addressing biopolitical proximity between the capacity building of modern security apparatus and identifying the unknown masses. Studying the historical data comparatively reveals that fingerprinting first started with recording exceptional groups such as criminals and convicts in Europe, while from the late Ottoman Empire to modern Turkey, large sections of the population have always persistently been targeted by police regulations.
Post‐COVID‐19 condition in the German working population: A cross‐sectional study of 200,000 registered stem cell donors
Authors: Bernas Stefanie N. , Baldauf Henning , Real Ruben , Sauter Jürgen , Markert Jan , Trost Sarah , Tausche Kristin , Behrends Uta , Schmidt Alexander H. , Schetelig Johannes 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic has strained health systems worldwide, and infection numbers continue to rise. While previous data have already shown that many patients suffer from symptoms for months after an acute infection, data on risk factors and long‐term outcomes are incomplete, particularly for the working population.ObjectivesWe aimed to provide information on the prevalence of post‐COVID‐19 conditions in a subset of the German working‐age population (18–61 years old) and to analyze risk factors.MethodsWe conducted an online survey with a health questionnaire among registered potential stem cell donors with or without a self‐reported history of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Logistic regression models were used to examine the risks of severity of acute infection, sex, age, body mass index, diabetes mellitus, and arterial hypertension medication on post‐COVID‐19 symptoms.ResultsA total of 199,377 donors reported evaluable survey questionnaires—12,609 cases had a history of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and 186,768 controls had none. Overall, cases reported physical, cognitive, and psychological complaints more frequently compared to controls. Increased rates of complaints persisted throughout 15 months postinfection, for example, 28.4%/19.3% of cases/controls reported fatigue (p <0.0001) and 9.5%/3.6% of cases/controls reported loss of concentration (p <0.0001). No significant differences were observed in the frequency of reported symptoms between 3 and 15 months postinfection. Multivariate analysis revealed a strong influence of the severity of the acute SARS‐CoV‐2 infection episode and age on the risk for post‐COVID‐19 conditions.ConclusionWe report the prevalence of post‐COVID‐19 conditions in mainly unvaccinated individuals with SARS‐CoV‐2 infections between February 2020 and August 2021. The severity of the acute course and age were major risk factors. Vaccinations may reduce the risk of post‐COVID‐19 conditions by reducing the risk of severe infections.