bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foundations of the Digital Economy in Small States
Authors: Dahdal Andrew , Walker Gordon 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
‘Small states’ is a term of art with no fixed or official definition. It usually refers to countries that are small in land mass and/or population size. There are vast differences, however, among small states. Small Island Developing States (SIDSs) differ in many respects from more affluent small states; a common policy objective among the majority of small states (both developed and developing) is pursuing strategies to capture the economic growth and benefits of the digital economy. This article examines how small states can set frameworks for establishing digital infrastructure, the so-called ‘first pillar’ of the digital economy. Robust and inexpensive information and communications technology (ICT) is the sine qua non of the digital economy. Funding, ownership, control and competition with regard to digital infrastructure are common problems across all small states. This article considers the manner in which three small states approach the first pillar: the Kingdom of Tonga, a SIDS with a lower middle-income level; the Republic of the Seychelles, a SIDS with middle to high-income island nation and the State of Qatar, a high-income small state. For SIDS, we find that majority government ownership of ICT infrastructure is the critical success factor.
Microresonator frequency comb based high-speed transmission of intensity modulated direct detection data
Authors: Xing Peng , Chen George Fengrong , Gao Hongwei , Chia Xavier , Agarwal Anuradha M. , Kimerling Lionel C. , Tan Dawn T. H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGlobally, the long-haul transmission of ultra-high bandwidth data is enabled through coherent communications. Driven by the rapid pace of growth in interconnectivity over the last decade, long-haul data transmission has reached capacities on the order of tens to hundreds of terabits per second, over fiber reaches which may span thousands of kilometers. Data center communications operate in regimes featuring shorter reaches and higher cost sensitivity. While integrated microresonator frequency combs are poised to revolutionize light sources used for high-speed data transmission over fiber, recent progress has focused largely on coherent detection schemes. Furthermore, though state-of-the-art intensity modulators are advancing in speed, it has not been demonstrated in the literature if microresonator-based comb lines can accommodate higher intensity modulated direction data (IMDD) line rates in tandem with these advancements. In this manuscript, we demonstrate the use of microresonator frequency combs pumped with a single laser for the transmission of high-speed IMDD data. We demonstrate error-free transmission of 30 Gbs−1per comb non-return-to-zero data over fiber lengths of 6 km, as well as bit error rates under the forward error correction limit for propagation through 20 km of optical fiber. 60 Gbs−1and 42 Gbs−1pulse modulation amplitude 4 (PAM4) data modulated on each frequency comb line is further quantified to have a bit error rate under the forward error correction limit for fiber reaches of up to 6 km and 20 km respectively. The results showcase CMOS-compatible microresonator frequency comb modulated using IMDD formats as a promising technology for high-speed transmission in the data center transceiver industry.
Quantifying the Effect of Hot Recycling on Asphalt Mixtures Based on Rod Thin-Layer Chromatography
Authors: Li Xiyou , Li Yanhong , Huang Jieyou 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this study, a four-component test of aged asphalt, new asphalt, recycled asphalt on the surface of recycled old aggregate, and recycled asphalt on the surface of recycled new aggregate has been conducted based on the rod thin-layer chromatography (TLC)-hydrogen flame ion detection method to evaluate the colloidal stability index (Ic). Furthermore, the gelation index (GI) and recycling rate (P) of reclaimed asphalt pavement are defined. These parameters act as quantitative indicators of the recycling effect on the asphalt mixes and are used to characterize the degree of integration of the aged and new asphalt. The rationality of the evaluation indexes is verified by analyzing the effects of preheating, mixing temperature, and mixing time on the recycling effect. The results show that the proposed method based on rod TLC can effectively evaluate the thermal recycling efficiency of asphalt mixture, and it provides useful insights on the recycling effect of thermal recycling technology.
The Hippo pathway drives the cellular response to hydrostatic pressure
Authors: Park Jiwon , Jia Siyang , Salter Donald , Bagnaninchi Pierre , Hansen Carsten G 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCells need to rapidly and precisely react to multiple mechanical and chemical stimuli in order to ensure precise context‐dependent responses. This requires dynamic cellular signalling events that ensure homeostasis and plasticity when needed. A less well‐understood process is cellular response to elevated interstitial fluid pressure, where the cell senses and responds to changes in extracellular hydrostatic pressure. Here, using quantitative label‐free digital holographic imaging, combined with genome editing, biochemical assays and confocal imaging, we analyse the temporal cellular response to hydrostatic pressure. Upon elevated cyclic hydrostatic pressure, the cell responds by rapid, dramatic and reversible changes in cellular volume. We show that YAP and TAZ, the co‐transcriptional regulators of the Hippo signalling pathway, control cell volume and that cells without YAP and TAZ have lower plasma membrane tension. We present direct evidence that YAP/TAZ drive the cellular response to hydrostatic pressure, a process that is at least partly mediated via clathrin‐dependent endocytosis. Additionally, upon elevated oscillating hydrostatic pressure, YAP/TAZ are activated and induce TEAD‐mediated transcription and expression of cellular components involved in dynamic regulation of cell volume and extracellular matrix. This cellular response confers a feedback loop that allows the cell to robustly respond to changes in interstitial fluid pressure.
Effect of the INSIGHT Firstborn Parenting Intervention on Secondborn Sleep
Authors: Hohman Emily E. , Savage Jennifer S. , Marini Michele E. , Anzman-Frasca Stephanie , Buxton Orfeu M. , Loken Eric , Paul Ian M. 
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
The Intervention Nurses Start Infants Growing on Healthy Trajectories (INSIGHT) responsive parenting (RP) intervention for first-time mothers improved firstborn infant sleep compared with controls. The goals of this analysis were to test intervention spillover effects on secondborn siblings and examine birth order differences in infant sleep.

METHODS
Secondborns (n = 117) of INSIGHT mothers were enrolled in an observational cohort, SIBSIGHT. The Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire was collected at 3, 16, and 52 weeks. Generalized linear mixed models assessed differences among secondborns by firstborn randomization, as well as birth order differences at 16 and 52 weeks.

RESULTS
The RP group secondborns slept 42 minutes longer at night (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 19–64) and 53 minutes longer total (95% CI: 17–90) than control secondborns. RP secondborns were more likely to self-soothe to sleep (odds ratio [OR] = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.1–3.7) and less likely to be fed back to sleep after waking (OR = 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3–0.9) than secondborns of control mothers. RP secondborns were more likely to have a bedtime ≤8 pm at 3 (OR = 2.9, 95% CI: 1.1–7.7) and 16 weeks (OR = 4.7, 95% CI: 2.0–11.0). Few differences in sleep parenting practices were observed when comparing siblings within families. Secondborns slept 37 minutes longer than firstborns at 16 weeks (CI: 7–67, P = .03).

CONCLUSIONS
The INSIGHT RP intervention for first-time mothers had a spillover effect to secondborns, positively impacting sleep duration and behaviors. Intervening with first-time mothers benefits both firstborns and subsequent children.
Impact of electrode materials on the performance of amorphous IGZO thin-film transistors
Authors: Tappertzhofen S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study reports on the fabrication and characterization of thin-film transistors (TFTs) based on indium–gallium–zinc–oxide (IGZO) with various source- and drain-region metals (Pt, W and Ti). The performance of the IGZO transistors is compared to TFTs based on hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) with Pt source- and drain-regions. From the output characteristics maximum saturation mobilities of µ = 0.45 cm2/Vs for a-Si:H, and µ = 24 to 50 cm2/Vs for IGZO TFTs are extracted, which are competitive to high-performance thin-film transistors. The study reveals a general influence of the source- and drain-electrode material on the maximum saturation mobility and inverse sub-threshold slope.
Graphical abstract
Investigating performance of full-cell using NaFe0.45Cu0.05Co0.5O2 cathode and hard carbon anode
Authors: Van Nguyen Hoang , Nguyen Minh Le , Tran Phuong Hue , Tran Man Van , Le Phung My Loan 
Published: June 2022

We evaluated methods aimed at improving the performance of full-cell including: i) Presodiating HC by discharging to 0.1 V in half-cell; ii) Presodiating HC by contacting with Na metal; iii) Activating by low current charging at a rate of C/20 initially, iv) Constant current charging to a cutoff voltage of 3.95 V then hold the voltage for 6 hours. The results showed that the cell being charged by low current density did not exhibit feasible work while the cell (iv) displayed an improvement in capacity while the cell (i) and the cell (ii) both are better in terms of Coulombic efficiency.
Optimization and purification of α-glucosidase inhibitor from Bacillus subtilis yt20 isolated in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Tien Cuonh , Le Thanh Hoang , Mai Van Hien , Hoang Thi Yen , Nguyen Thi Trung , Dao Thi Mai Anh , Nguyen Manh Cuong , Tuyen Do Thi 
Published: June 2022

Among the treatments of type 2 diabetes, the α-glucosidase inhibitor has been drawing the researcher’s interest world-wide because of safe and convenient mechanism. However, recent α-glucosidase inhibitors have side effects, so alternative sources have been studied to limit the side effects and provide more options for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. In this study, after selecting morioorganism strains capable of biosynthesis of α-glucosidase inhibitor from the collection of Bacillus subtilis, we have isolated B. subtilis YT20 which inhibited α-glucosidase above 90%. In detail, this number increased multiply by 1.4 times after the optimization of culture conditions. The α-glucosidase inhibitor activity of B. subtilis YT20 yield the molecular weight of 163 Da after purified by a combination of salting out, filter membrane with pore size 1000 Da and 100 Da respectively, activated charcoal and chromatography column Sephadex G100, the efficiency peak at 16%. The spectral data indicated that the putative compound isolated from B. subtilis YT20 was 1-deoxynojirimicin. In the thin layer chromatography result, there was an appearance of a single band which corresponds to standard 1-deoxynojirimicin (Sigma), followed by a retention factor of 0.34 with a solvent system of isopropanol: acetic acid: deionized water (4:1:1).
Molecular genetic markers of myocardial infarction in combination with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Tolmacheva A. A. , Lozhkina N. G. , Maksimov V. N. , Gurazheva A. A. , Ragino Yu. I. 
Published: June 2022

Aim. To study associations of rs2464196 and rs11212617 polymorphisms with the development of myocardial infarction (MI) in combination with type 2 diabetes (T2D).Material and methods. The study included two groups: main group (n=115) — patients with prior myocardial infarction and T2D, comparison group (n=116) — patients with myocardial infarction without T2D, hospitalized from December 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019 at the Regional Vascular Center № 1 of the City Clinical Hospital № 1. Participants were comparable in sex and age. Patients underwent clinical and instrumental investigations, a genetic test for single nucleotide polymorphisms, which showed associations with the development of MI and T2D according to genome-wide association study (GWAS): rs2464196 of the HNF1A gene, rs11212617 of the ATM gene.Results. Carriage of the AA genotype of the HNF1A rs2464196 polymorphism was found to be associated MI in combination with T2D in the general group (odds ratio (OR), 3,180, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1,206-8,387, p=0,015). After division of the group by sex, significant differences remained only in women (OR=9,706, 95% CI, 1,188-79,325, p=0,011).Conclusion. The data obtained can make it possible to identify a priority group of patients for personalized prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
CRIANÇAS BOLIVIANAS NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL BRASILEIRA
Authors: Da Silva Anamaria Santana , Peres Borges de Souza Tammi Flávie 
Published: June 2022

O presente texto apresenta e discute os dados de uma pesquisa que foi realizada com o objetivo de conhecer o cotidiano de crianças bolivianas que estudam no Centro de Educação Infantil brasileiro, na cidade de Corumbá- MS. Nessa região de fronteira muitos bolivianos trabalham no Brasil e residem na Bolívia, vindo todos os dias para trabalhar e alguns permanecem residindo no Brasil. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de observações e procurou investigar como ocorre o processo de interação entre as crianças bolivianas e seus pares, bem como com professores brasileiros, isto é, como este grupo constituído por diferentes nacionalidades se relaciona. As questões levantadas para nortear o trabalho referem-se a: Como as crianças bolivianas estabelecem as relações com professores e crianças brasileiras? Como resolvem a questão da comunicação oral tendo em vista que a língua falada não é a mesma? Como são as brincadeiras entre estas e os seus pares? Quais são as difi culdades de adaptação? Como os adultos tratam essas crianças?
Palavras-chave
Educação Infantil; Interação; Fronteira.
Hybrid external fixator as primary fixation in the management of proximal tibia fractures in low resource setting –our experience
Authors: Thangamani Sathish Kumar , Arunagiri Guruprasath , Rajendran Prabhakaran , Chinnadurai Madhan Kumar , Thirumeni Tholgapiyan 
Published: June 2022

Tibial plateau fractures consists of 1% of all fractures. The goals in management of such fractures are anatomical reduction and maintaining joint congruity,stable fixation of fracture fragments, restoration of joint alignment with minimal soft tissue dissection and early mobilization.The purpose of the study is to highlight the technique and assess the utility and functional outcome of hybrid external fixation in periarticular fractures of tibia.A prospective study to determine the functional and radiological outcome of hybrid external fixation in management of periarticular fractures of proximal tibia which included both open (Gustilo Anderson IIIA &B) and closed injuries(Shatzker 5 &6) at our institution.81 patients with 36 months follow up showed excelled and good outcome in 88% with Rasmussen’s knee score using hybrid external fixator as primary modality of treatment with less than 20% of cases requiring additional procedures and all cases united and there was no case of non union.The hybrid external fixator provides proper osseous stability without compromising the soft tissue and allows early mobilization which results in good functional outcome.
14ª Primavera dos museus: registrando memórias digitais da pandemia
Authors: Lima Tatiana Araújo de , Mangan Patrícia Kayser Vargas 
Published: June 2022

A pandemia de COVID-19 trouxe diferentes atravessamentos para as áreas de gestão cultural – abrangendo artistas, produtores, instituições culturais e museais. Dos desafios refletidos acerca das demandas por isolamento e distanciamento social por parte da pandemia, surgiram diferentes práticas vinculadas ao universo digital. Utilizando a metodologia de netnografia digital, de Kozinets (2014), este artigo investiga aspectos respectivos à natureza das apropriações digitais empreendidas pelas diferentes instituições museais referentes à produção e compartilhamento das memórias da pandemia, tendo foco nas ações digitais das instituições participantes do evento 14ª Primavera dos Museus: Mundo Digital em Transformação, promovido pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Museus (IBRAM), em 21 a 27 de setembro de 2020. Da programação da 14ª Primavera dos Museus foram encontradas 56 instituições participantes que fizeram referência direta à pandemia (46 à palavra pandemia e 10 à palavra COVID-19), das quais surgiram os resultados brevemente contextualizados nesse artigo. Nas discussões relacionadas às intersecções dos museus com a comunicação digital, surgem possibilidades de reflexão do papel significativo dos públicos em relação aos museus, e, principalmente, acerca do papel relacionado à participação social, à colaboração e à coocriação; abrangendo novas formas de pensar tanto dos museus quanto em relação às possíveis interações que se possa vivenciar a partir desse processo. É nos processos em transformação, que tais questões se presentificam, em uma dialética instaurada pelo próprio devir; pelos processos desencadeados em vista do imbricamento de espaços e tempos, de modos de ser e viver, cada vez mais intensificados pelos meios digitais.
A Review of the Effects of Herbal Medicines on Leishmaniasis
Authors: Shooraj Mahdi , Ramezan Yazdi Fatemeh , Mahdavi Seif Ali 
Published: June 2022

Leishmaniasis is a tropical mistreated sandfly-borne contagion caused by hemoflagellate protozoa of the Leishmania species and it is endemic in many countries such as Iran, Afghanistan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Brazil, and Peru. After malaria, leishmania spp. causes the highest rates of mortality and morbidity. Several major risk factors are involved in the spread of leishmaniasis such as drug resistance, environmental changes, HIV epidemic, inadequate vector control and migration of non-immune individuals to endemic areas. Leishmaniasis is a disease with diverse clinical manifestations that depends on both infecting species of Leishmania and the immune response of the host. Different forms of the disease include cutaneous, mucocutaneous and visceral forms. The most dangerous form is Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) which can be fatal among untreated patients. The availability of the inadequate number of antileishmanial chemotherapeutic compounds, high-cost treatment, rising drug resistance as well as severe toxicities of the drugs obscures the treatment of VL. Many investigations showed antileishmanial activity of herbal extracts or chemical derivatives from natural sources in vitro against promastigote and amastigote forms or in vivo against Leishmania-infected animals. A review of related studies revealed that herbal extracts demonstrating antileishmanial activities in vivo or in vitro alone or combined with suggested drugs seem to confirm their use in folk medicine. Additionally, the antileishmanial activity of more than a hundred plants have been recognized in this regard. It is worth noting that plants are notable sources of medicine production, because of their long association with parasites.
Pengelolaan Zakat di Era Disrupsi: Studi Meta Analisis
Authors: Rohim Ade Nur , Priyatno Prima Dwi , Sari Lili Puspita 
Published: June 2022

The development of technology in the digital era is an absolute thing. Various activities and community activities are required to adapt to the use of technology and various digital-based media. Zakat management is one of the various activities in the community that are also encouraged to adapt. This study aims to map research on digital zakat management. A qualitative research approach was used in this study with meta-analytical methods and descriptive statistics processed from a literature review of 52 articles related to the digitization of zakat management. The results of this study indicate that the number of digital zakat management publications continues to increase. Several aspects were studied related to the digital zakat development and accountability strategy. This study recommends the basis for selecting relevant strategies in zakat management in the digital era by referring to various studies that have been carried out. Perkembangan teknologi di era digital menjadi suatu hal yang mutlak terjadi. Berbagai aktivitas dan kegiatan masyarakat dituntut untuk beradaptasi dalam pemanfaatan teknologi dan berbagai media berbasis digital. Pengelolaan zakat menjadi salah satu dari berbagai aktivitas di masyarakat yang turut didorong untuk beradaptasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan penelitian mengenai pengelolaan zakat digital. Pendekatan penelitian kualitatif digunakan pada penelitian ini dengan metode meta analisis dan statistik deskriptif yang diolah dari kajian pustaka terhadap 52 artikel terkait digitalisasi pengelolaan zakat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan jumlah publikasi pengelolaan zakat digital terus meningkat. Beberapa aspek yang dikaji terkait strategi pengembangan dan akuntabilitas zakat digital. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan dasar pemilihan strategi yang relevan dalam pengelolaan zakat di era digital dengan mengacu pada berbagai penelitian yang telah dilakukan.
Hukum Dan Politik Di Indonesia Pasca Kemerdekaan: Studi Kasus Pengadilan Agama Dan Pengadilan Adat
Authors: Kurdi Sulaiman , Alamudi Ichwan Ahnaz 
Published: June 2022

Abstract: One of the important questions that arise after Indonesia's independence is: what law will be applied in Indonesia?. A long debate has come to the fore, involving various groups and views. Broadly speaking, as described by the authors of this article, the debate can be divided into two broad blocks: the first block of debate between supporters of pluralism and supporters of uniformism, and the second block of debate between secular nationalists and Muslims. Abstrak: Salah satu pertanyaan penting yang muncul setelah Indonesia merdeka adalah: hukum apa yang akan dipakai di Indonesia?. Perdebatan panjangpun muncul ke permukaan, melibatkan berbagai macam kelampok dan pandangan. Secara garis besar, seperti yang dijabarkan oleh penulis artikel ini, perdebatan tersebut bisa dibagi meniadi dua blok besar: blok pertama perdebatan antara pendukung pluralisme dengan pendukung uniformisme, dan blok kedua perdebatan antara nasionalis sekuler dengan Muslim.