bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case Report on Wilm’s Tumor in Children
Authors: Borkar Saurabh , Maurya Archana 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Wilms tumor is the most frequent kind of kidney cancer in kids. It is responsible for around 6% of all tumors in children. In children under the age of 15, the incidence is 7.6% cases per million, with 75% of cases occurring before the child reaches the age of five. A variant term for wilms tumor is nephroblastoma. It is most widespread between the ages of three and four, after which it becomes much less frequent.
Clinical Findings: Wilms tumor in children produces one or more of the following signs and symptoms:

Abdominal pain
Increasing abdominal girth
Lack of appetite
Fever
Blood in the urine
Nausea or vomiting.
Constipation
Shortness of breath

Diagnostic Evaluation: Increase abdominal girth, pain, fever, vomiting, cried at the time of urination, hematuria, black stool, pallor, hypertension and moderate microcytic anemia (Iron deficiency).
Ultrasonography: Splenomegaly
Therapeutic Investigation: X- ray of abdomen and chest, IVP, USG, MRI, CT scan, renal function test and urine analysis, liver function test bone marrow study, and histology
Outcome: After treatment, the child shows great improvement, his fever, abdominal pain, blood in urine is minimized and his Hb level is increased from 9gm% to 11.1gm%.
Conclusion: A female child of 11 years from admitted to pediatric ward no .22, Acharya Vinoba Bhave rural hospital Sawangi ( Meghe) wardha on 28/9/2020 with a rare case of Wilms tumor. She is 30kg and his height is 142cm. She was admitted to the hospital, where all investigations and treatments began. She improved dramatically after therapy and continued to do so until my last day of care.
“Prognostic significance of PD-L1 Immunoexpression in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorder and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma”: A Study Protocol
Authors: Durge Shelley , Hande Alka 
Published: February 2022

Background: “Oral squamous cell carcinoma” (OSCC) is a most common type of invasive disease. It involvs damage to the oral epithelium. It gives a bad prognosis. There are alterations in cells of the oral mucosa called “oral epithelial dysplasia” (OED) and are categarised as “Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders” (OPMD). As a result, prior alteration in premalignant lesions would encourage prior cancer treatment and could essentially diminish morbidity and mortality. “Programmed death ligand 1” (PD-L1) is functionally imputed ligand of the “co-inhibitory programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1)”. “(PD-L1)” is over-expressed on different cells including lymphocytes, tumor cells and different tissues in numerous malignancies. In this study, we will make effort to evaluate a new role of PD-L1 by correlating the immunoexpression of PD-L1 and clinicopathological characteristics and its prognostic significance in OSCC. We will evaluate and compare immunoexpression of PD-L1 in normal mucosa, OPMD and OSCC.
Methodology: Total 93 samples will be included in this study and they are divided into three groups, 31 in each group of the following: OPMD, OSCC and normal oral mucosa (control).Immunohistochemical staining will be performed and the integration of PD-L1 expression with various clinical features of OPMD and OSCC will be performed.
Expected Result: The present study will find immunohistochemical expression of “PD-L1” in OPMD and OSCC and its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics of OPMD and OSCC and 3 years disease-specific survivalof OSCC patients.
Conclusion: There is natable positive correlation of “PD-L1” appearance with OSCC. In case of OPMD, the progression of disease in terms of prognosis could be monitored. The unpredictable “PD-L1” appearance may be the main focus of integration therapy in OSCC. To provide personal immunotherapy to a variety of patients, the condition of PD-L1 should be considered.
Evaluation of Effectiveness of Platelet Rich Fibrin Matrix (PRFM) Membrane and Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) Membrane using Vestibular Incision Subperiosteal Tunnel Access (VISTA) Approach Technique for the Treatment of Multiple Gingival Recession Defects in Humans – A Study Protocol
Authors: Hassan Safiya , Dhadse P. V. 
Published: February 2022

Background: To evaluate the effectiveness of Platelet Rich Fibrin Matrix (PRFM) membrane and Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) membrane using Vestibular Incision Subperiosteal Tunnel Access (VISTA) Approach method for the management of multiple gingival recession (GR) defects in humans.
Methodology: 20 subjects with gingival recession will be enrolled. 10 patient will be randomly allotted to test group (PRFM membrane) or control group (PRF membrame). Primary outcome will be gain in root coverage (RC) and secondary outcome will be Plaque index (PI), Papillary bleeding index (PBI), probing pocket depth (PPD), relative attachment level (RAL), relative gingival margin level (RGML), recession depth (RD), gingival thickness (GT) and width of keratinized gingiva (WKG). Clinical evaluation will be performed at 3 & 6 months of therapy.
Expected Results: When all the parameters will be compared at 6 months post-operatively to baseline data, both the treatment group (test and control) will be expected to show significant gain in RC, RAL gain, PPD reduction, decrease in RD, increase in GT and WKG. PRFM membrane will result in significant gain in RC, RAL gain, PPD reduction, and decrease in reduction depth, increase in GT and WKG at 6 months when compared to PRF membrane.
Conclusion: PRFM membrane will be effectual in management of gingival recession. PRFM membrane is expected to have significantly greater outcome as compared to PRF membrane group.
Overparameterized model parameter recovering with finite‐time convergence
Authors: Ovcharov Alexey , Vedyakov Alexey , Kazak Sviatolav , Pyrkin Anton 
Published: February 2022

SummaryIn this article, we consider the online parameter estimation problem for overparameterized linear regression models. Many estimation methods require at least the interval excitation condition, which is not always fulfilled for such models, especially in normal operation. To relax the required excitation level, we detect linearly dependent columns in the regressor, obtain the reduced model and estimate parameters in a finite time. On the last step, the parameters of the initial model are recovered. The proposed method efficiency is demonstrated on a simple overparameterized model and a magnetic levitation system.
Selenopeptide Nanomedicine Activates Natural Killer Cells for Enhanced Tumor Chemoimmunotherapy
Authors: Wei Ziyu , Yi Yu , Luo Zhen , Gong Xiaoyun , Jiang Yuxing , Hou Dayong , Zhang Li , Liu Zimo , Wang Mandi , Wang Jie , Guo Ruochen , Yang Jinjun , Wang Lei , Wang Hao , Zhao Yuliang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractChemoimmunotherapy using nanotechnology has shown great potential for cancer therapy in the clinic. However, uncontrolled transportation and synergistic responses remain challenges. Here, a self‐assembled selenopeptide nanoparticle that strengthens tumor chemoimmunotherapy through the activation of natural killer (NK) cells by the oxidative metabolite of the selenopeptide is developed. With the advantages of the enzyme‐induced size‐reduction and the reactive‐oxygen‐species‐driven deselenization, this selenopeptide is able to deliver therapeutics, e.g., doxorubicin (DOX), to solid tumors and further activate the NK cells in a programmed manner. Importantly, in vitro and in vivo results prove the mutual promotion between the DOX‐induced chemotherapy and the selenopeptide‐induced immunotherapy, which synergistically contribute to the improved antitumor efficacy. It is anticipated that the selenopeptide may provide a type of promising stimuli‐responsive immune modulator for versatile biomedical applications.
Enabling Stable and Nonhysteretic Oxygen Redox Capacity in Li‐Excess Na Layered Oxides
Authors: Yoon Geon‐Hee , Koo Sojung , Park Sung‐Joon , Lee Jaewoon , Koo Chanwoo , Song Seok Hyun , Jeon Tae‐Yeol , Kim Hyungsub , Bae Jong‐Seong , Moon Won‐Jin , Cho Sung‐Pyo , Kim Duho , Yu Seung‐Ho 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe demands for higher energy density of rechargeable batteries have been continuously increasing recently, and cationic redox based current cathodes have little scope to further increase energy density since they already exhibit near‐theoretical specific capacities. In this regard, oxygen redox (OR) reactions have emerged as a promising breakthrough for sodium‐ion battery (SIB) cathodes. Most OR‐based layered oxides suffer from drastic hysteretic‐oxygen capacities upon discharging after the first charging. In contrast, stable and nonhysteretic oxygen capacities are herein enabled via Al3+ incorporation into Li‐excess Na layered oxide (NLMO). By combining experimental work and first‐principles calculations, it is found that there is an additional stable phase during the oxygen redox for Al incorporated NLMO in comparison with bare NLMO, which is a critical factor in extending and stabilizing the discharge capacity in thermodynamics. In addition, the additional redox‐inactive Al3+ leads to heterogeneous oxygen redox rather than homogeneous, which results in stabilization of the oxide framework with sensitively control of the oxygen participation upon cycling.
DNA‐Mediated Protein Shuttling between Coacervate‐Based Artificial Cells
Authors: Mashima Tsuyoshi , van Stevendaal Marleen H. M. E. , Cornelissens Femke R. A. , Mason Alexander F. , Rosier Bas J. H. M. , Altenburg Wiggert J. , Oohora Koji , Hirayama Shota , Hayashi Takashi , van Hest Jan C. M. , Brunsveld Luc 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe regulation of protein uptake and secretion is crucial for (inter)cellular signaling. Mimicking these molecular events is essential when engineering synthetic cellular systems. A first step towards achieving this goal is obtaining control over the uptake and release of proteins from synthetic cells in response to an external trigger. Herein, we have developed an artificial cell that sequesters and releases proteinaceous cargo upon addition of a coded chemical signal: single‐stranded DNA oligos (ssDNA) were employed to independently control the localization of a set of three different ssDNA‐modified proteins. The molecular coded signal allows for multiple iterations of triggered uptake and release, regulation of the amount and rate of protein release and the sequential release of the three different proteins. This signaling concept was furthermore used to directionally transfer a protein between two artificial cell populations, providing novel directions for engineering lifelike communication pathways inside higher order (proto)cellular structures.
Exploring the Circular Polarization Capacity from Chiral Cellulose Nanocrystal Films for a Photo‐Controlled Chiral Helix of Supramolecular Polymers
Authors: Xu Mingcong , Li Guangyao , Li Wei , An Bang , Sun Jiaming , Chen Zhijun , Yu Haipeng , Li Jian , Yang Guang , Liu Shouxin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCircularly polarized light (CPL) is key to asymmetric photochemistry as it could impart the chiral organization information into chemical products. Here, we demonstrate the circular polarization capacity of chiral cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) films to trigger photo‐alignment of achiral supramolecular polymers into helical structures. Right‐handed transmitted (T‐) CPL was generated from self‐assembled CNC films, which induced amorphous azobenzene (Azo) supramolecular polymers into chiral structures. The chiral induction effect of T‐CPL is enhanced on Azo polymers with longer spacers. The absorptive dissymmetry factor (gabs) values of liquid‐crystal supramolecular polymers can be amplified significantly (over 10 times) after T‐CPL irradiation. Moreover, by integrating carbon dots into CNC films, CPL emission with a considerable luminescence dissymmetry factor (glum) up to −0.66 was achieved, and it could be used for the photo‐alignment of Azo polymers with high chiroptical properties. This work provides new insight for the photo modulation of supramolecular polymers by CPL‐active materials.
DNA‐Damage‐Response‐Targeting Mitochondria‐Activated Multifunctional Prodrug Strategy for Self‐Defensive Tumor Therapy
Authors: Jangili Paramesh , Kong Na , Kim Ji Hyeon , Zhou Jun , Liu Haijun , Zhang Xingcai , Tao Wei , Kim Jong Seung 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe report a novel multifunctional construct, M1, designed explicitly to target the DNA damage response in cancer cells. M1 contains both a floxuridine (FUDR) and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) inhibitor combined with a GSH‐sensitive linker. Further conjugation of the triphenylphosphonium moiety allows M1 to undergo specific activation in the mitochondria, where mitochondria‐mediated apoptosis is observed. Moreover, M1 has enormous effects on genomic DNA ascribed to FUDR's primary function of impeding DNA/RNA synthesis combined with diminishing PP2A‐activated DNA repair pathways. Importantly, mechanistic studies highlight the PP2A obtrusion in FUDR/5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) therapy and underscore the importance of its inhibition to harbor therapeutic potential. HCT116 cell xenograft‐bearing mice that have a low response rate to 5‐FU show a prominent effect with M1, emphasizing the importance of DNA damage response targeting strategies using tumor‐specific microenvironment‐activatable systems.
Synthesis and Reactivity of N‐Heterocyclic Silylene Stabilized Disilicon(0) Complexes
Authors: Du Shaozhi , Jia Hongwei , Rong Hua , Song Haibin , Cui Chunming , Mo Zhenbo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSynthesis and reactivity of disilicon(0) complexes are of fundamental and application importance. Herein, we report the development of an N‐heterocyclic imino‐substituted silylene (1), which has strong σ‐donating ability and is significantly sterically hindered. The one‐pot reaction of this silylene with [IPr→SiCl2] (IPr=1,3‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)‐imidazol‐2‐ylidene) and KC8 (2 equiv) in THF at −30 °C leads to a silylene‐ligated disilicon(0) complex (2), isolated as red crystals in 60 % yield. Characterization data and DFT calculations show that the trans‐bent Si4 skeleton in 2 features a Si0=Si0 double bond with significant π–π bonding and one lone pair of electrons on each of these two Si0 atoms. Complex 2 reacts readily with phenylacetylene, producing a structurally intriguing silatricyclic complex 6,8‐diaza‐1,2,5‐trisilatricyclo‐[3.2.1.02,7]‐oct‐3‐ene (3), and revealing new aspects of low‐valent silicon chemistry.
Mechanism of Spatial and Temporal Control in Precision Cyclic Vinyl Polymer Synthesis by Lewis Pair Polymerization
Authors: McGraw Michael L. , Reilly Liam T. , Clarke Ryan W. , Cavallo Luigi , Falivene Laura , Chen Eugene Y.‐X. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn typical cyclic polymer synthesis via ring‐closure, chain growth and cyclization events are competing with each other, thus affording cyclic polymers with uncontrolled molecular weight or ring size and high dispersity. Here we uncover a mechanism by which Lewis pair polymerization (LPP) operates on polar vinyl monomers that allows the control of where and when cyclization takes place, thereby achieving spatial and temporal control to afford precision cyclic vinyl polymers or block copolymers with predictable molecular weight and low dispersity (≈1.03). A combined experimental and theoretical study demonstrates that cyclization occurs only after all monomers have been consumed (when) via conjugate addition of the propagating chain end to the specific site of the initiating chain end (where), allowing the cyclic polymer formation steps to be regulated and executed with precision in space and time.
Development of novel alginate‐polyethyleneimine cell‐laden bioink designed for 3D bioprinting of cutaneous wound healing scaffolds
Authors: Khoshnood Negin , Zamanian Ali 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this work, the novel bioink composed of alginate and polyethyleneimine were prepared with different concentrations of alginate and polyethyleneimine (PEI) and used to measure printability, rheological behavior, and cellular functions. The results indicated that viscosity tends to increase about 1.3 times with increasing the alginate and PEI content, which gradually affected structural fidelity. The presence of PEI can create a bioink that is partially gelled with higher storage modulus, high shape fidelity, and printability than alginate. Increasing in the mechanical strength and decreasing in the swelling rate for alginate/PEI bioink demonstrated the strong effect of PEI on the enhancing of structure rigidity in the alginate‐based bioinks. Finally, the cell viability and cell proliferation of the 3D alginate/PEI scaffolds were examined using live/dead and 40,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole staining to select the best bioink formulation. Fibroblast‐laden bioink of 6% alginate and 7% PEI indicated the high proliferation of the printed cells via increasing in hydrophilicity of the surface. The in‐vivo evaluations on the wound rat model indicated that the 3D scaffold effectively accelerated the wound healing process and promoted tissue regeneration by activation of vimentin along with cytokeratin as well as collagen synthesis. Hair follicles started to form at Day 7 in alginate/PEI scaffold.
Identifying interesting planetary systems for future X‐ray observations
Authors: Foster Grace , Poppenhaeger Katja 
Published: February 2022

AbstractX‐ray observations of star–planet systems are important to grow our understanding of exoplanets; these observations allow for studies of photoevaporation of the exoplanetary atmosphere, and in some cases even estimations of the size of the outer planetary atmosphere. The German–Russian eROSITA instrument onboard the SRG (Spectrum Roentgen Gamma) mission is performing the first all‐sky X‐ray survey since the 1990s, and provides X‐ray fluxes and spectra of exoplanet host stars over a much larger volume than was accessible before. Using new eROSITA data as well as archival data from XMM‐Newton, Chandra, and ROSAT, we estimate mass‐loss rates of exoplanets under an energy‐limited escape scenario and identify several exoplanets with strong X‐ray irradiation and expected mass loss that are amenable to follow‐up observations at other wavelengths. We model sample spectra using a toy model of an exoplanetary atmosphere to predict what exoplanet transit observations with future X‐ray missions such as Athena will look like and estimate the observable X‐ray transmission spectrum for a typical hot Jupiter‐type exoplanet.
Techno‐economic analysis of cellulosic ethanol conversion to fuel and chemicals
Authors: Phillips Steven D. , Jones Susanne B. , Meyer Pimphan A. , Snowden‐Swan Lesley J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we describe multiple scenarios to assess the techno‐economic results of producing hydrocarbon fuels from corn stover‐derived ethanol and the impact of co‐producing higher‐value, ethanol‐derived n‐butanol and 1,3‐butadiene to improve economic feasibility. In our baseline process, the stover‐derived lignin is burned for its energy content to raise process steam and electricity. We evaluated an alternative approach based on the same stover‐to‐ethanol process, but instead of burning residual lignin to produce heat and electricity, it was fed to a hydrothermal liquefaction process and converted into hydrocarbon fuel, while the ethanol from fermentation is used to make only butanol or butadiene. Our results indicate that the hydrothermal liquefaction pathways have significant cost advantages over the pathways that burn the lignin. For comparison purposes, two more scenarios were evaluated based on the assumption that ethanol was purchased at market prices and converted to butanol or butadiene exclusively. This comparison evaluates the economics for making higher‐valued chemicals which, in the absence of incentives, would be the most profitable approaches in our study. The results for these evaluations indicated that the ethanol‐to‐butanol economics were generally favorable and achieved or exceeded the 10% internal rate of return target. The butadiene process had less favorable economic performance in some years when the market price for butadiene was less than the selling price needed to achieve the internal rate of return. Economic incentives for low‐carbon chemicals and fuels were not considered in our analysis. © 2022 Battelle Memorial Institute. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining published by Society of Industrial Chemistry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Überführbarkeit der Eingangsgrößen von Lebenszykluskostenanalysen bei Massivbrücken
Authors: Proske Dirk 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLebenszykluskostenanalysen sind ein Verfahren zur Priorisierung von Bauwerken und Maßnahmen im Rahmen des Erhaltungsmanagements von Infrastruktursystemen. Lebenszykluskostenanalysen berücksichtigen eine Vielzahl verschiedener Eingangsgrößen, die wiederum selbst auf unterschiedlichen Parametern basieren, denn oft liegen bei Infrastruktur‐ und Immobilienbetreibern nicht alle Eingangsgrößen in einer einheitlichen Form vor. Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit der Überführbarkeit der verschiedenen Eingangsgrößen bzw. Parameter, um eine homogene Lebenszykluskostenanalyse durchführen zu können. Dazu erfolgten eine Literatursichtung und eine subjektive Abschätzung von Kreuz‐Korrelationen.
The pattern of neurocritical disorders in multicenter in Khartoum State November 2020 to January 2021
Authors: Ali Khalid Mohamed , Salih Mahmoud Hussien , AbuGabal Hiba Hassan , Omer Mohammed Eltahier Abdalla , Yagoub Fatima Elbasri Abuelgasim Mohammed , Ahmed Ammar ElTahir 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundNeurocritical care is a growing subspecialty. It concerns with the management of life‐threatening neurological disorders. There is limited information regarding epidemiological data, disease characteristics, variability of clinical care, and in‐hospital mortality of neurocritical patients worldwide.ObjectivesTo study the pattern of neurocritical disorders in intensive care units.MethodologyThis prospective observational study was conducted on neurocritical patients who were admitted to four intensive care units of major hospitals in Khartoum state during the period from November 2020 to January 2021.ResultsSeventy‐two neurocritical patients were included in this study, 40 (55.6%) were males and 32(44.4%) were females. Twenty‐three (31.9%) patients were with stroke, 12 (16.7%) with encephalitis, 9 (12.5%) with status epilepticus, 6 (8.3%) with Guillain Barre syndrome, and 4(5.6%) with Myasthenia Gravis (MG). Twenty‐three patients (39.9%) needed mechanical ventilation (MV), which was the major indication for intensive care unit admission.ConclusionStroke was the dominant diagnostic pattern requiring intensive care unit admission. Mechanical ventilation was the major indication for admission. Establishing specialized neurocritical intensive care units is highly recommended.