bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sap Extract Papaya for Autolitic Debridement Chronic Wound
Authors: Agus Yuswanto Tri Johan , Hariyanto Tanto 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: The high cost of drugs or specific wound dressings for chronic wounds can be healed at least in two weeks depending on the stage of the wound and blood sugar levels. Hence the need for an innovative processing of natural resources (NR) to produce a chronic wound care products that are accessible to all people. One of the current trends is to use protease enzymes (sap extract papaya) that serves as autolitic debridement in the treatment of chronic wounds. The aims of this research was to indentify characteristics of protease enzyme present in sap of papaya.Method: This study was a descriptive exploratory that doing pure protease enzyme extract of papaya sap. Results: Molecular weight measurement using a kit Pre-stained Protein Markers (Broad Range) for SDS PAGE, Nacalai tesque No. 02525 showed a homogeneous molecular weight that slightly above 28 kD. Measurements of the enzyme levels using NanoDrop Spectrophotometer ND kit-1000 (with a distilled water marker) showed a relatively homogeneous enzyme level with a range between 43% - 61% and 53, 88% in average. The addition of papaya sap extract into each tube containing 7 ml gelatin obtained.Results: the control group there were clots perfectly on gelatin; groups with the addition of 2 drops (± 0.5 ml) obtained 50% hydrolyzed gelatin; and groups with the addition of 4 drops (± 0.5 ml) obtained 75% hydrolyzed gelatin.Discussion: The results showed that papaya sap extraction synonymous with protease enzyme. Papaya sap extraction activity (protease enzymes) on hydrolyzing gelatin shows a qualitative picture. Therefore, it can be used as autholitic debridement. Further, the following study is essential to identify structure and activity of the enzyme with a more determinant (temperature, time, and dose).
The Incident of Diarrhea among Cervical Cancer Patients Post Chemoterapy Treatment
Authors: Armini Ni ketut alit , Muhayanah Masfin , Nastiti Aria 
Published: July 2022

Backgrounds : Cervical cancer is second most diseases suffered by women. Chemotherapy is primary treatment for cervical cancer. Chemotherpy has some side effect, and one of them is diarrhea. Diarrhea make cervical cancer suffered more. The purpose of this research was to analyze the correlation of factor’s that cause diarrhea on cervical cancer.Methods : This research uses descriptive analitic method with retrospective design. The population in this research is all patients who had post first chemotherapy. Sample in this study were 21 respondents, with purposive sampling. Variable independent were type of chemotherapy drugs, character of chemotheraphy, staging, stress and dietary. Variable dependent was diarrhea. Data collected using quesionare. Data were analyzed using chi square test with level of significant α≤0,05.Results : The result of the study reveals that type of the chemotherapy drug p:0,598, character of chemotheraphy p:0,336,. Staging has correlation with diarrhea significant of p:0,022. Stress and dietary analysisis presented p:0,00. It means that there was significant correlation with diarrhea.Conclusion : It can be concluded that diarrhea incident related to staging, stress and dietarry. There‘s no correlation between type of chemotherapy drug, character of chemotheraphy with diarrhea Further studies should give health education about dietary causing diarrhea, chemotherapy procedural and sides effect’s, increase supports for patient with cervical cancer.
Model Pembelajaran Reproduksi Sehat Melalui Kelompok Sebaya pada Remaja Putri
Authors: Azza Awatiful , Susilo Cipto 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Teen problems are conditions that need to be considered in national development in Indonesia. Teenagers problems occur, because they are not prepared regarding knowledge of aspects related to the problem of transition from childhood to adulthood. One of the problems faced by teenagers today is about the health of adolescents, especially related to reproductive health.Methods: This study uses a quantitative approach pre experiment with pre - post test design, the purpose of research, construction of models of healthy reproductive learning through peer groups in traditional schools and analyze the application of learning through peer group against knowledge female students about reproductive health. The sample was female students in Boarding school Miftahul Hasan Gunung Sepikul amounted to 50 female students, with purposive sampling technique.Results of analysis using Spearman's rho test ,P value of 0.00 obtained value where the value is < less than 0.05 so it can be concluded that there is a learning effect of reproductive health through peer groups for knowledge female students .Conclusion: Boarding schools need to provide curriculum on reproductive health in order to improve the understanding of female students in healthy living behavior associated with reproductive organs.
Effect of Health Education on Mothers’ Knowledge in the Prevention of Acute Respiratory Infection in Toddlers in Waimital Village, Maluku
Authors: Tunny Ira Sandi , Soamole Idham , Wibowo Suhendra Agung , Purnamasari Ira , Rumaolat Wiwi 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is a disease caused by infectious agents that are usually toddlers, so it is expected that the family, especially the mother, plays a role in terms of having good knowledge about the prevention of ARI transmission. Health education through visual aid leaflets is very effective to increase knowledge and understanding in preventing ARI disease. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of health education on the level of maternal knowledge in the prevention of ARI in children under.Methods: The research design used was a pre-experiment with one group and a pretest-posttest design approach. Intervention was carried out by way of house visits on a sample of 129 people. The research instrument used was questionnaire data analysis using the Wilcoxon test at a significance of (α <0.05).Results: Before doing health education, good knowledge was seen in 2 respondents or 1.6% and after the action of health education using leaflets, good knowledge was seen in 33 respondents or 25.6%. Statistical analysis of respondents' knowledge after treatment obtained an average value for knowledge of 68.84; the lowest value was 30 and the highest was 100, significant with a p-value = 0.000 (α <0.05).Conclusion: Health education using leaflets can increase mothers' knowledge so that it encourages self-efficacy and self-management and increases awareness in the prevention of disease. There is an influence of health education on the level of maternal knowledge in the prevention of ARI among children under five.
The Role of The Koran Therapy on Anxiety and Immunity of Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Hammad Hammad 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Patient in the hospital faced with anxiety, in feel stronge with the hospital, medicine and treatment action although unsure prognosis of desease. The anxiety will inflict a financial loss because it will influence the attitude of the patient and immunology respons that will effect on how long the patient stay in the hospital and how much cost of treatment. This study was aimed to explain the anxiety level and imunity of patient in the hospital before and after The Al Qur’an therapy. Method: This study used Pre experiment pre-posttest design involved 7 respondents, taken by accidental sampling. The independent variable was The Al Qur’an therapy and the dependent variable were anxiety level and imunity (basofil, eosinofil, monocyt, limfocyt and leucocyt). Anxiety level were collected by Hamilton Anxiey Rating Scale and the imunity were gotten from laboratory result of basofil, eosinofil, monocyt, limfocyt and leucocyt . Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test for anxiety level and Mc Nemar for imunity with level of significance α ≤ 0.05.Result: Results showed that The Al Qur’an therapy has an effect on decreasing anxiety level (p=0.016). In contrast, there was no effect on imunity after therapy (p = 0,625). incision. It can be concluded that the Koran therapy was proven to reduce anxiety level and increased on imunity on patients hospitalized. Discussion: For future Further studies should be developed and include larger responden to obtain more accurate results.
Well Site Diagnosis of Pumping Problems Using Mini-Computers
Authors: Gibbs S. G. , Nolen K. B. 
Published: July 2022

Introduction
The Sucker Rod Diagnostic Technique was perfected by Shell during the 1960's. Its concept was suggested by the work of British physicians who wanted to make analysis of human electrocardiograms more accurate and definitive. To do this, they subjected cardiograms to Fourier analysis hoping to reveal subtle indications of heart disease that might be overlooked if only visual interpretations were made. Similarly the sucker rod method was designed to derive the maximum amount of information from a pumping well dynamometer card and to make analysis of the card a science rather than an art.
This paper describes a portable computer system for implementing the sucker rod method. Described are the transducers mounted on the well, the digital data acquisition system, the mini-computer and various input/output devices. Practical applications are illustrated with an example to show how the method and equipment can be used to increase production and/or decrease lifting costs. It is concluded that the truck mounted system is useful in I) obtaining more definitive and timely results and 2) providing more efficiency for lowering the cost of applying the technique.
Genetic characterization of rare Bruconha virus (Bunyavirales:Orthobunyavirus) isolated in Vale do Ribeira (Atlantic Forest biome), Southeastern Brazil
Authors: Costa Antonio Charlys , Morais Vanessa dos Santos , Azevedo Roberta Marcatti , Nuevo Karolina Morales Barrio , Cunha Mariana Sequetin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Brazil is a great source of arbovirus diversity, mainly in the Amazon Region. However, other biomes, especially Atlantic Forest, may be also a hotspot for emergent viruses, including Bunyaviruses (Negarnaviricota: Bunyavirales). For instance, Vale do Ribeira, located in the Southeastern region, has been widely studied for virus surveillance, where Flavivirus, Alphavirus and Bunyaviruses were isolated during the last decades, including Bruconha virus (BRCV), a member of Orthobunyavirus genus Group C, in 1976. Recently, a new isolated of BRCV, named Span321532, was obtained from an adult sentinel mice placed in Iguape county, in 2011, and a full-length genome was generated, with nucleotide differences that varied from 1.5%, 5.3% and 5% (L, M and S segments respectively) from the prototype isolated 35 years earlier. Although no evidence of reassortants were detected, this findings reiterates the need for new surveillance and genomic studies in the area considering the high mutation rates of arbovirus and also to identify the hosts capable of supporting the continuous circulation of Orthobunyavirus.
Pandemic clone USA300 in a Brazilian hospital: detection of an emergent lineage among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from bloodstream infections
Authors: Augusto Mariana Fernandes , Fernandes Débora Cristina da Silva , de Oliveira Tamara Lopes Rocha , Cavalcante Fernanda Sampaio , Chamon Raiane Cardoso , Ferreira Adriana Lúcia Pires , Nouér Simone Aranha , Santos Kátia Regina Netto dos 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the leading causes of bloodstream infections (BSI) worldwide. In Brazil, the hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus USA100/SCCmecII lineage replaced previously well-established clones. However, the isolation of community-associated (CA) MRSA lineages from hospitalized patients is an increasing issue.
Methods
Consecutive S. aureus isolates recovered from BSI episodes of patients admitted between January 2016 and December 2018 in a Brazilian teaching hospital were tested for antimicrobial resistance, characterized as their genotypic features and the clinical characteristics of the patients were evaluated.
Results
A total of 123 S. aureus isolates were recovered from 113 patients. All isolates were susceptible to linezolid, teicoplanin and vancomycin and 13.8% were non-susceptible for daptomycin. Vancomycin MIC50 and MIC90 = 2 mg/L was found for both MRSA and MSSA isolates. MRSA isolation rate was 30.1% (37/123), and 51.4% of them carried the SCCmecII, followed by SCCmecIV (40.5%). Among the 37 MRSA isolates, the main lineages found were USA100/SCCmecII/ST5 and ST105 (53.7%) and USA800/ST5/SCCmecIV (18.9%). Surprisingly, were detected six (16%) CA MRSA isolates belonged to USA300/ST8/SCCmecIVa and carrying pvl genes and ACME cassette type I. These patients with USA300 BSI had severe comorbidities, including cancer, most had a Charlson score ≥ 5 and attended wards where health professionals were shared. MRSA isolates were associated with hospital acquired infections (p = 0.02) in older patients (p = 0.03) and those diagnosed with hematologic cancer (p = 0.04). A total of 52 (46%) patients died, and 60% of them presented a MRSA BSI.
Conclusions
Pandemic MRSA USA300 was detected for the first time in our hospital, and we hypothesized its cross-transmission between patients with BSI. This lineage can be already circulating among Brazilian hospitals, highlighting the importance of surveillance programs to fight multidrug resistant and hypervirulent isolates.
Synthesis of ZnO/MoS2 Heterojunction With the Green AG Nanoparticles for the Efficient Sunlight Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Khalid Iqra , Tahir Muhammad Bilal 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Pristine MoS2 nanosheet/silver nanoparticles (MoS2/Ag NPs) and composites are fabricated via hydrothermal, green synthesis, and chemical methods. Pristine MoS2, Ag, Z/M, and Z/M/Ag nanoparticles and composites are characterized through SEM, FTIR, as well as UV–VIS spectroscopy. The bandgap of materials is reduced effectively which is useful for photocatalytic activity. The photocatalytic decomposition of pharmaceutical drugs in effluent has been researched using metal-oxide or metal-sulfide-based semiconductor nanoparticles as nano-catalysts. The originality of these nano-catalyst substances lies in their relative simplicity of manufacturing, capacity to absorb energy in the UV–visible spectrum, large bandgap, innoxious, and inexpensive. The visible-light photocatalytic activity of Z/M also Z/M/Ag composites were investigated using a test of OTC. Almost degradation of OTC in about 120 min. at different concentrations of composites, Z/M/Ag photocatalyst was attained. This substantial enhancement in the photocatalytic proficiency of Z/M/Ag photo-catalyst below visible light ir-radiation may be ascribed to existence of MoS2 and Ag micro-particles on ZnO micro-particles which significantly improves absorption in an observable scale of the visible range.
Weeding Intensity and Plant Population Affect Yield and Yield Components of Food Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.)
Authors: Negasa Desalegn Soresa , Malata Guluma Shoma 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The most important crop in Jimma Geneti District, as well as Ethiopia, is food barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). However, because of poor agronomic techniques such as incorrect seed rates, weed problems, and other factors, its production is extremely low. Farmers in the Jimma Geneti district of Western Ethiopia have been using the earliest seed rate recommendation for their local area and have been producing with no regard for weeding, which has limited the productivity of food barley; the purpose of this study was to identify the optimum plant population required to increase production and productivity of food barley around the study area, as well as to identify an appropriate frequency of weeding in the study area in 2020 cropping season. The first factor was seed rate at four levels (115,125,135 and 145) kg ha− 1, and the second factor was weeding frequency at three levels (FP = Farmer's Practice, 1W = one weeding thirty days after the emergency; 2W = second weeding, twenty-five days after the first weeding) were utilized. The study found that the main effect and interaction effect of weeding frequency and seed rate had a significant (P < 0.01) impact on effective tiller number, plant height, spike length, biomass weight, grain yield, straw yield, harvest index, and 1000 kernel weight. Days to 90% physiological maturity and number of kernels per spike were both significantly (P < 0.01) affected by the main effects of weeding frequency and seed rate, whereas the interaction effect of weeding frequency and seed rate affected both considerably (P < 0.05). The primary effects of weeding frequency and seed rate were significantly (P < 0.01) affected days to 50% heading and weed relative density; however, their interaction effect of weeding frequency and seed rate was not significant. The highest grain yield 4750 Kg per hectare was with 145 kg seed rates and a 2nd cycle weeding following the 1st weeding. Guizotia scabra, the most prominent weed species coexisting with food barley, had the highest relative density of 20.89%. According to the present output and gross net benefit budget analysis, the highest net benefit 51015 ETB was obtained from 145 kg ha− 1 seed rate with two times weeding following the first weeding, with grain yield increments of 61.41% over farmers practice. As a result, because this experiment was conducted at a single location for a single season, it must be repeated at other locations throughout the season to achieve a definitive conclusion.
Parametric study of waste tires through CO2–aided gasification: An investigation of enhanced H2-production using artificial neural network model
Authors: Jamro Imtiaz Ali , Ma Wenchao , ALI MUJAHID , Shah Syyed Adnan Raheel , Korai Muhammad Saffar , Baloch Humair Ahmed , Chen Guanyi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This study presents the waste tire gasification in CO2 atmosphere aiming to produce higher H2 production. At first stage, the waste tire was gasified in horizontal tube reactor in CO2 assistance under different ranges of reaction temperature, heating rate, and residence time. The maximum H2 and gas yields of 46.28 mol % and 72.43 wt. % were obtained at higher temperature of 900 ℃, lower heating rate of 10 ℃/min), and lower residence time of 20 min. While; the tar and char products were decreased considerably from 15.34 to 4.24 wt. % and 35.23 to 23.25 wt. %, respectively. LHV and H2/CO molar ratio of syngas ranged from 9.80-11.07 MJ/Nm3 and 1.41 to 2.18, respectively. Artificial neural network (ANN) model provided a strong relationship among the three variables and the four responses .i.e. estimated regression coefficient (R2) values were obtained as; 0.90, 0.94, 0.93, and 0.96 for H2, CO, CO2, and CH4 respectively. Later, the waste tire was heated from room temperature to 900°C under the heating rates of 10, 20, and 30 ℃/min in thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). TGA thermograms showed three different degradation stages correspondence to moisture loss, devolatilization and char gasification. The kinetic parameters (activation energy (Ea)), R2 were estimated using Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS) model. The Ea and R2 were found to be 38.99 kJ/mol and 1.0 for stage 1, 63.01 kJ/mol and 0.94 for stage 2, and 84.73 kJ/mol and 0.91 for stage 3.
Safety and effectiveness of delivering mass drug administration for helminths through the seasonal malaria chemoprevention platform among Senegalese children: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Afolabi Muhammed Olanrewaju , Sow Doudou , Ndiaye Jean Louis A , Greenwood Brian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background : Malaria remains a major health problem, especially in sub-Saharan Africa where more than 90% of the disease and where nearly all deaths occur in children. Adding to this high burden is the co-existence of intestinal and genito-urinary helminth infections. Existing control programmes for these helminths are operating sub-optimally. Conversely, a malaria prevention programme, called Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC), introduced in 2012 has achieved more than 75% treatment coverage and prevented 75-85% cases of uncomplicated and severe malaria in children. This encouraging development supports the need to explore strategies involving integration of helminth control with successful platforms such as SMC. This would align worm and malaria control within the Sustainable Development Goals of ending the diseases of poverty and promoting health and well-being for those at risk.
Methods : This study will have quantitative and qualitative components. The quantitative component will be a three-arm, observer-blind, placebo-controlled, interventional study of co-administration of SMC and anthelminthic drugs to pre-school and school age children in Saraya district, southeast Senegal. Six hundred children aged 1-14 years will be randomly assigned to receive either SMC drugs only, SMC drugs and praziquantel or SMC drugs and albendazole and praziquantel at a ratio of 1:1:1. The primary outcome will be solicited and unsolicited adverse reactions to the study medications. The secondary outcomes will be prevalence and intensity of Plasmodium -helminth co-infection and prevalence of anaemia and mean haemoglobin concentration.
The qualitative component of the study will include conduct of structured interviews to assess the acceptability, feasibility, enablers and barriers to combined use of anthelminthic and SMC drugs among randomly selected parents/care-givers of children enrolled in the study and health care workers responsible for the delivery of the combined services.
Discussion : This study will provide evidence to boost the public health recommendations for combined malaria and helminth control. If successful, this project will reinforce the evidence that health care systems in developing countries can be comprehensive health management rather than focussed on vertical management of a single disease.
Trial registration : ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05354258 registered on 28 April 2022; PACTR202204794105273 registered on 25 April 2022.
Exogenous hydrogen sulphide alleviates nodule senescence in Glycine max-Sinorhizobium fredii symbiotic system
Authors: Chen Juan , Liu Wu-Yu , Pan Qing , Wen Shi-Ming , Yao Bai-Hui , Zhang Jian-Hua , Wei Ge-Hong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Aim Hydrogen sulphide (H2S), as a signaling molecule, modulate the process of plant growth and development. H2S is involved in the establishment of legume and rhizobia symbiosis relationship, but little is known about the role of H2S during nodule senescence. Method We study the function of H2S during nodule senescence in Glycine max-Sinorhizobium fredii symbiotic system. Physiological and biochemical method were conducted to modulate the nitrogen fixation, nodule structure, symbiotic and senescence related protein and gene expression. Results Our results indicated that exogenous H2S decreased the senesced nodules number, increased nitrogenease (Nase) activity, and promoted the accumulation of NO3--N, NH4+-N, and total N, which caused the accumulation of biomass in the late steps of symbiosis. H2S alleviated nodule senescence by maintaining nodule normal nitrogen fixation structure. Meanwhile, the expression abundances of NifH and NodGS proteins were enhanced by H2S during nodule senescence. Moreover, H2S simulated the expression of symbiosis and nitrogen metabolism related genes in nodules. Finally, senescence related genes expression abundances were regulated by H2S during nodule senescence. ConclusionThese findings suggested that H2S prolonged the lifespan of N2 fixation by delaying nodule senescence and, which will be important to the increase of soybean yield and agricultural sustainability development.