bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Whole exome screening of neurodevelopmental regression disorders in a cohort of Egyptian patients
Authors: Refeat Miral M. , Naggar Walaa El , Saied Mostafa M. El , Kilany Ayman 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDevelopmental regression describes a child who begins to lose his previously acquired milestones skills after he has reached a certain developmental stage and though affects his childhood development. It is associated with neurodegenerative diseases including leukodystrophy and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis diseases (NCLs), one of the most frequent childhood-onset neurodegenerative disorders. The current study focused on screening causative genes of developmental regression diseases comprising neurodegenerative disorders in Egyptian patients using next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based analyses as well as developing checklist to support clinicians who are not familiar with these diseases. A total of 763 Egyptian children (1 to 11 years), mainly diagnosed with developmental regression, seizures, or visual impairment, were studied using whole exome sequencing (WES). Among 763 Egyptian children, 726 cases were early clinically and molecularly diagnosed, including 482 cases that had pediatric stroke, congenital infection, and hepatic encephalopathy; meanwhile, 192 had clearly dysmorphic features, 31 showed central nervous system (CNS) malformation, 17 were diagnosed by leukodystrophy, 2 had ataxia telangiectasia, and 2 were diagnosed with tuberous sclerosis. The remained 37 out of 763 candidates were suspected with NCLs symptoms; however, 28 were confirmed to be NCLs patients, 1 was Kaya-Barakat-Masson syndrome, 1 was diagnosed as infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy, and 7 cases required further molecular diagnosis. This study provided an NGS-based approach of the genetic causes of developmental regression and neurodegenerative diseases as it comprised different variants and de novo mutations with complex phenotypes of these diseases which in turn help in early diagnoses and counseling for affected families.
Medizinischer Bevölkerungsschutz in Deutschland – eine griechische Tragödie?
Authors: Bollinger Matthias 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungIm Sinne des Bevölkerungsschutzes ist nichts dagegen einzuwenden, Ereignisse wie die Coronavirus-disease-2019-Pandemie selbstkritisch zu reflektieren und daraus Lehren zu ziehen. In der Vergangenheit hat dies aber häufig nicht dazu geführt, zukünftige Situationen und deren Konsequenzen zu antizipieren und sich besser vorzubereiten. Zum Teil mutet dies wie eine griechische Tragödie an: sehenden Auges in die Katastrophe – nur das dies nichts Schicksalhaftes an sich hat. Wichtige Szenarien, auf die der Bevölkerungsschutz in Deutschland nach Einschätzung des Autors unzureichend vorbereitet ist, sind neben Pandemien auch Anschläge und Unfälle mit CBRN-Gefahrstoffen (CBRN chemisch, biologisch, radiologisch, nuklear), Massenanfälle von Verletzten im Terrorfall mit Kliniken oder Rettungsdienst als Anschlagsziel sowie länger andauernde Strom- oder Trinkwasserausfälle und Einschränkungen in der Informations- und Kommunikationsstruktur nach Cyberattacken. Es ist dringend erforderlich, vorhandene Probleme zu benennen und funktionierende Konzepte für Krankenhäuser, Rettungsdienste und Schnelleinsatzgruppen einzufordern. Verantwortliche Behörden wiederum müssen Konzepte erarbeiten, finanzieren und umsetzen.
Can flat-detector CT after successful endovascular treatment predict long-term outcome in patients with large vessel occlusion? An Alberta Stroke Programme Early CT Score–based study
Authors: Knott Michael , Hoelter Philip , Hock Stefan , Mühlen Iris , Gerner Stefan T. , Sprügel Maximilian I. , Huttner Hagen B. , Schwab Stefan , Engelhorn Tobias , Doerfler Arnd 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Recent studies postulate a high prognostic value of the Alberta Stroke Programme Early CT Score (ASPECTS) applied on non-contrast whole-brain flat-detector CT (FDCT) after successful endovascular treatment (EVT). The aim of this study was the evaluation of long-term patient outcome after endovascular treatment using postinterventional FDCT.

Methods
Using a local database (Stroke Research Consortium in Northern Bavaria, STAMINA), 517 patients with successful endovascular treatment (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) ≥ 2B) due to acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) and large vessel occlusion (LVO) of the anterior circulation were recruited retrospectively. In all cases, non-contrast FDCT after EVT was analysed with special focus at ASPECTS. These results were correlated with the functional outcome in long-term (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) shift from pre-stroke to 90 days after discharge).

Results
A significant difference in FDCT-ASPECTS compared to the subgroup of favourable vs. unfavourable outcome (Δ mRS) (median ASPECTS 10 (10–9) vs. median ASPECTS 9 (10–7); p = 0,001) could be demonstrated. Multivariable regression analysis revealed FDCT-ASPECTS (OR 0.234, 95% CI − 0.102–0.008, p = 0.022) along with the NHISS at admission (OR 0.169, 95% CI 0.003–0.018, p = 0.008) as independent factors for a favourable outcome. Cut-off point for a favourable outcome (Δ mRS) was identified at an ASPECTS ≥ 8 (sensitivity 90.6%, specificity 35%).

Conclusion
For patients with LVO and successful EVT, FDCT-ASPECTS was found to be highly reliable in predicting long-term outcome.
Evaluation of stress and strain on mandible caused using “All-on-Four” system from PEEK in hybrid prosthesis: finite-element analysis
Authors: Shash Yomna H. , El-Wakad Mohamed T. , Eldosoky Mohamed A. A. , Dohiem Mohamed M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHybrid prostheses have recently been used as suitable treatment alternatives for edentulous individuals to restore the mastication mechanism. These prostheses utilize “All on four” concept, in which four implants are inserted into the jaw bone, and supported by a bar. Titanium is usually used in the fabrication of “All on four” parts due to its good mechanical properties. However, it has many drawbacks including esthetic impairment, casting issues, hypersensitivity reactions, stress shielding, and incompatibility with imaging techniques. These drawbacks have prompted researchers to find alternative materials (e.g., polymers). Recently, the new polymeric material PEEK has a major role in dentistry, due to its biocompatibility, shock-absorbing ability, and good mechanical properties. This work used the finite-element method to conduct stress–strain analysis on mandible rehabilitated with a hybrid prosthesis, using PEEK in the fabrication of “All on four” parts instead of titanium, using different densities of spongy bone. As the density of spongy bone is expected to influence the choice of “All on four” fabrication material. A 300 N vertical force was applied unilaterally, bilaterally, and anteriorly to stimulate the different mastication mechanisms. The results illustrated that PEEK material reduced the stresses and strains on bone tissues and increased the mucosal stress, compared to titanium. Consequently, this material was recommended to be used in the fabrication of “All on four” parts, especially in the low-density model. However, further research on PEEK implants and abutments is required in near future.
Aqueous bifunctionalization of cellulose nanocrystals through amino and alkyl silylation: functionalization, characterization, and performance of nanocrystals in quartz microflotation
Authors: Ludovici Feliciana , Hartmann Robert , Liimatainen Henrikki 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSurface modifications of cellulose nanomaterials can be used to tailor their surface charge and hydrophilicity-hydrophobicity characteristics. Additionally, it can facilitate the selective interaction of nanocelluloses with other solid particles to further expand their applicability in different fields. For instance, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) with amphiphilic features are potential green alternatives in mineral processing such as particle flotation. In the present study, aqueous, one- and two-step silylation of CNCs with amino and alkyl silanes was considered to create a novel bifunctionalized CNCs that contained both positively charged amino silane moieties and hydrophobic alkyl chains. Especially, the effects of reaction conditions and different reaction routes on the silylation were investigated, and the electric surface potential and hydrophobicity of CNCs were determined. The bifunctionalization conducted by the simultaneous addition of an amino silane and alkyl silane led to a high reaction efficiency, and the grafting amount was notably higher than that obtained with the sequential reactions with individual reagents. After the functionalization, the hydrophobicity of the CNCs was strongly altered, leading to water contact angles of up to 135° on CNC films. However, the silylation with amino silanes slightly affected the ζ-potential of the functionalized CNCs. Due to the relatively low ζ-potential, the interaction and orthokinetic attachment of CNCs onto quartz surfaces were insufficient, resulting in a limited flotation recovery in microflotation using a Hallimond tube.
Reading a Novel, Speechless: Becoming Harriet, a Girl with Cerebral Palsy; through the Lens of Irritation and Nussbaum’s Capabilities
Authors: Lee S. P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article offers a reading of Kate Darbishire’s novel Speechless Stickhouse Publishing, London, 2018), following Harriet, a girl with cerebral palsy. It examines her irritation, born of her resentful awareness of her disability, as well as how she grapples with her life as an ordinary schoolgirl. The novel presents Harriet as an everyday child, no more heroic than her peers for her struggles and no less dignified for them, either. The interpretation implements Martha Nussbaum’s study of capabilities and disabilities in relation to reading the novel. Her broad assertions of universal qualities that must be native to all humans frames the reading of Harriet. These capabilities manifest in Harriet’s judgemental criticisms of what she observes and feels. This work suggests that they afford her the same growth in maturity as other people, closing the novel with an expanded human understanding, as seen in her acceptance of an unseen sibling.
Preoperative embolization of renal cell carcinoma metastases to the bone prior to stabilization procedures does not result in reduction in intraoperative blood loss
Authors: Koob Sebastian , Schulze-Steinen Henrike , Plöger Milena M. , Randau Thomas M. , Strauß Anna C. , Placzek Richard , Strauß Andreas C. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The effect of preoperative embolization of bone metastases prior to stabilization procedures in reducing intraoperative blood loss remains controversial. This study aimed to analyze the effect of preoperative embolization on orthopedic stabilization procedures of the extremities and spine in cases with bone metastases from renal cell carcinomas. In particular, do these patients suffer less blood loss during the operation and do they need lesser fluid replacements or packed red cell bags intra- and perioperatively? Does preoperative embolization reduce the duration of surgery?

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed stabilization procedures of the spine and extremities at our institution between 2011 and 2021 for group differences (embolization vs. no embolization) in terms of blood loss, fluid substitution, need for packed red cell transfusions, tumor size, and duration of surgery.

Results
We reviewed 79 stabilization procedures of the spine (n = 36) and extremities (n = 43), of which 30 included preoperative embolization procedures. Surprisingly, the embolization group showed a statistically significant increase in blood loss, the need for fluid substitution, and red cell transfusions. Subgroup analysis revealed a significant negative effect of preoperative embolization on stabilization procedures of the extremities.

Conclusion
Based on our data, preoperative embolization of renal cell carcinoma metastases of the extremities had a negative effect on intraoperative blood loss and the need for fluid substitution and should therefore be avoided. Our data did not show an effect on stabilization procedures of the spine.
Ability, Educational Attainment, and Household Financial Distress
Authors: Luotonen N. , Puttonen V. , Rantapuska E. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Using register data on the Finnish population, we show that both ability (measured with comprehensive school GPA) and educational attainment are relevant predictors of financial distress, even after accounting for childhood family environment. Low GPA is an especially useful predictor of financial distress years later for those who attain a secondary-level education at most. Our results suggest that any societal interventions to mitigate financial distress should particularly focus on low GPA individuals, and especially those unlikely to continue their studies after completing comprehensive school.
VEP examination with new portable device
Authors: Kuba Miroslav , Kremláček Jan , Vít František , Kubová Zuzana , Langrová Jana , Szanyi Jana , Chutná Marie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction
We developed a new portable device called “VEPpeak” for the examination of visual evoked potentials (VEPs) to extend VEP examination beyond specialized electrophysiological laboratories and to simplify the use of this objective, noninvasive, and low-cost method for diagnostics of visual and central nervous system dysfunctions.

Methods
VEPpeak consists of a plastic headset with a total weight of 390 g containing four EEG amplifiers, an A/D converter, a control unit, and a visual LED stimulator built in the front, vertically adjustable peak. The device is powered and controlled via USB connection from a standard PC/notebook using custom software for visual stimuli generation and for VEP recording and processing. Up to four electrodes can be placed at any scalp location or in combination with two dry electrodes incorporated into the headset. External visual stimulators, such as a tablet, can be used with synchronization. Feasibility and validation studies were conducted with 86 healthy subjects and 76 neuro-ophthalmological patients including 67 who were during the same session also tested with a conventional VEP system.

Results
VEPpeak recordings to standard (pattern-reversal) and non-standard (motion-onset, red-green alternation) were robust and repeatable and obtained also in immobilized patients. Good comparability of results was achieved between VEPpeak and standard examination. Some systematic differences in peak latencies and amplitudes are consistent with differences in stimulus characteristics of the two compared systems.

Discussion
VEPpeak provides an inexpensive system for clinical use requiring portability. In addition to ISCEV standard VEP protocols, free choice of stimuli and bio-signal recordings make the device universal for many electrophysiological purposes.
Relationships between egg size and maternal size, life history forms, and habitats of Greenlandic Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus)
Authors: Takatsu Kunio , Delarue Coralie , Heller Naomi , Saboret Grégoire , Brodersen Jakob 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus [L.] complex) has been widely used as a model system for studies in evolutionary ecology because of its diversity in feeding ecology, habitat use, life history forms, and associated morphologies observed in matured individuals. However, we still know relatively little about traits exhibited early in life of the species, although the trait diversity of matured individuals may largely be shaped during development. Egg size is a key determinant of various traits exhibited early in life. Therefore, describing egg size variation within- and between-individuals as well as the link between egg size and adult traits will be a useful step in understanding the early life trait diversity of Arctic charr. Here, using Greenlandic Arctic charr, which includes alternative life history forms (i.e. anadromous and resident) and spawning habitat use (i.e. lake and river spawner), we described egg size variation (i.e. clutch-mean egg diameter and within-clutch variation) and explored the link between egg size variation and female body length, life history form, and spawning habitats. As in many other fishes, clutch-mean egg diameter increased with female body length. No significant effect of other female traits on clutch mean-egg diameter was detected, suggesting that female body size variation could be a direct cause of early life history trait variation. On the other hand, we found that the degree of within-clutch variation of the anadromous life history form was higher than that of the resident life history form. The pattern could be interpreted in an adaptive context. For instance, given that the anadromous life history form tends to be semelparous, anadromous females could decrease the likelihood of complete reproductive failure by producing variable-sized offspring within a clutch since at least some offspring are expected to be matched to the prevailing environment.
Measuring the Specific Heat Capacity of Thermal Insulation Materials Used in Buildings by Means of a Guarded Hot Plate Apparatus
Authors: Ghazi Wakili Karim , Rädle Wolfgang , Rohner Thomas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe specific heat capacity of building insulation materials is rather difficult to be determined using the conventional calorimetric methods. This is due to the small samples required for these methods which are not representative of the insulation material. Larger samples would not fulfill the requirements of the lumped system. Methods based on the transient heat transfer using heating wires or planes are commonly quick but less accurate measurements as they only consider the volume near the surface of the sample and need additional corrections and calibrations. The present investigation is based on a transient temperature control procedure using a common guarded hot plate device, which is normally used to determine the thermal conductivity of insulation materials. The procedure was performed on two different materials: one wood-based (wood fiber) and one mineral-based (expanded perlite). The results show a value of about 1200 J·kg−1·K−1 for the former and 600 J·Kg−1·K−1 for the latter. This method can also be extended to other thermal insulation materials for building application.
A pedagogical study on promoting students' deep learning through design-based learning
Authors: Weng Chunmeng , Chen Congying , Ai Xianfeng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper illustrates the design-based learning (DBL) approach to promoting the deep learning of students and improving the quality of teaching in engineering design education. We performed three aspects of research with students in a typical educational activity. The first study investigated students' deep learning before and after the DBL approach, both in terms of deep learning status and deep learning ability. The second study examined the effectiveness of the DBL approach by comparative research of a control class (traditional teaching method) and an experimental class (DBL method). The third study examined students' evaluations of the DBL approach. It is approved that the DBL approach has distinctively stimulated the students' motivation to learn, making them more actively engaged in study. The students' higher-order thinking and higher-order capabilities are enhanced, such as critical thinking ability and problem-solving ability. At the same time, they are satisfied with the DBL approach. These findings suggest that the DBL approach is effective in promoting students' deep learning and improving the quality of teaching and learning.
Development of Moral Judgments in Impersonal and Personal Dilemmas in Autistic Spectrum Disorders from Childhood to Late Adolescence
Authors: Labusch Melanie , Perea Manuel , Sahuquillo-Leal Rosa , Bofill-Moscardó Isabel , Carrasco-Tornero Ángel , Cañada-Pérez Antonio , García-Blanco Ana 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA potential underlying mechanism associated with the difficulties in social interactions in Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD) concerns the abnormal development of moral reasoning. The present study examined utilitarian and deontological judgments in impersonal and personal moral dilemmas, comparing 66 individuals with ASD and 61 typically developing (TD) individuals between 6 and 18 years. Utilitarian judgments decreased with age. This decline was much more gradual for personal dilemmas in the ASD than in the TD group. ASD individuals rated utilitarian judgments as more appropriate but felt less calm, consistent with the Empathy Imbalance hypothesis. Utilitarian judgments were associated with social interaction difficulties in ASD. These findings identify possible social therapeutic targets for more efficient coping strategies in individuals with ASD.
Stay Home, Stay Safe? The Impact of the COVID-19 Restrictions on the Prevalence, Nature, and Type of Reporter of Domestic Violence in the Netherlands
Authors: Coomans Anne , Kühling-Romero David , van Deuren Sjoukje , van Dijk Meintje , van de Weijer Steve , Blokland Arjan , Eichelsheim Veroni 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Insecurities and social isolation resulting from the COVID-19 restrictions, may have elevated tensions at home, consequently increasing the risk of domestic violence. The present study aims to examine changes in the prevalence, nature, and type of reporter of domestic violence following the various restrictions implemented to control the spread of the COVID-19 virus in the Netherlands.

Methods
All official domestic violence reports recorded by the 26 Dutch domestic violence agencies in 2019 and 2020 were collected and analyzed. Time-series forecasting analyses, using a SARIMAX model, were conducted to predict the trend of domestic violence reports during the first lockdown and to compare the predicted trend with the observed trend.

Results
The observed trend of the registered prevalence of domestic violence did not substantially differ from the predicted trend based on pre-pandemic data. Similarly, findings regarding the nature of domestic violence suggest no clear divergence of pre-pandemic trends during the lockdown period. Nonetheless, a shift was found from professional reporters (e.g., the police) to non-professional reporters (e.g., neighbors).

Conclusions
The prevalence of domestic violence reports in the Netherlands did not increase. However, the COVID-19 restrictions may have led citizens, especially neighbors, to detect domestic violence more often.