bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceived posttraumatic growth in cardiac patients: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Lee Sharon Y. , Park Crystal L. , Laflash Samantha 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDespite the life‐threatening nature of many cardiac conditions, patients often report perceived posttraumatic growth (PPTG) in their recovery. To date, this research remains scattered across the literature, and no systematic review across cardiac patient populations is available. To understand the state of the literature on PPTG in cardiac patients, we conducted a systematic scoping review, aiming to (a) describe patient populations included, (b) characterize associations between PPTG and mental and physical health indices, (c) identify potential psychosocial resources that moderate or mediate the effects of a cardiac condition on PPTG, and (d) describe and critique study methodologies. A systematic search was conducted on June 21, 2021, using the PubMed and PsycInfo databases. Two authors independently screened the results for eligibility and resolved discrepancies before extracting study data. We identified 21 studies that met the search and eligibility criteria (i.e., original, peer‐reviewed, English language). Most studies focused on a single cardiac condition (61.9%), with myocardial infarction the most common. PPTG was studied in relation to myriad mental health and physical health indices. The findings suggested that appraisal and coping may mediate and psychosocial resources (e.g., social support) may moderate the effects of a cardiac condition on PPTG. The generalizability of results is limited, as most studies employed a cross‐sectional design with mostly male and majority White samples. Future research would benefit from studying PPTG in more diverse cardiac populations, assessing appraisals of the cardiac condition as traumatic, measuring posttraumatic depreciation in tandem with PPTG, and conducting prospective studies.
Risk Factors for Operating Room No‐Show in an Academic Otolaryngology Practice
Authors: Trott Skylar , Young Rory , Hayden Christopher , Yessin Olivia , Bush Matthew , Gupta Nikita 
Published: February 2022

Objectives/HypothesisA no‐show to the operating room date negatively impacts a hospital and can lead to increased costs for an institution in terms of time, materials, and manpower. Our objectives are to identify the factors associated with operating room no‐shows in order to increase clinical efficiency, reduce hospital costs, and increase patient access to care.Study DesignSingle institution retrospective chart review.MethodsA retrospective review was performed of all surgeries within the Otolaryngology department performed at a single tertiary academic center between 2006 and 2019. Demographic and surgical data were collected from the charts. Descriptive, univariate, and multivariate statistics were performed on the data.ResultsThere were a total of 1,752 no‐shows and 46,440 patients who did show with an overall no‐show rate of 3.63%. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to compare patients who did not show for surgery to those who did. Analysis found multiple risk factors for not showing to surgery that were statistically significant (P < .05) and included decreasing age, planned outpatient case, head and neck oncology subspecialty, increasing distance from the facility, higher number of clinic no‐shows, and not having private insurance. African‐American race was more likely to show for surgery as scheduled.ConclusionsNumerous factors may play a role on whether or not a patient attends a scheduled surgical date. Some of these factors may be preventable or modifiable to mitigate increased hospital costs associated with no‐show to surgery and increase access to care.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 132:1738–1742, 2022
Effects of stand age and soil organic matter quality on soil bacterial and fungal community composition in Larix gmelinii plantations, Northeast China
Authors: Li Jianwei , Sun Xiaoqian , Li Ming , Zou Jiying , Bian Hongfeng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIt is of great interest to elucidate the biogeographic patterns of soil microorganisms and their driving forces, which are fundamental to predicting alterations in microbial‐mediated functions arising from environmental changes. Although the vertical movement of dissolved organic matter (DOM) drives the cycle of nutrients such as soil carbon, in the restored ecosystem, the relationship between DOM and soil microbial nutrient utilization remains to be determined. Here, we investigated the changes of soil microbial community at 0–40 cm depth profile in three stages (10, 30, 50 years) of succession in Larix olgensis plantations and the fluorescence spectrum composition of DOM. With the increase of soil depth, the signal source of microorganisms increases. In a coniferous forest soil environment, the possible main source of DOM in deep soil is the production of microbial metabolism. Difficulty in the decomposition of organic matter determines the distribution and composition of microorganisms. Increasing forest age makes bacteria and fungi more specific and bacterial‐fungal associations greater. Overall, our work contributes to the understanding of factors underlying microbial community distribution in plantation forests and the importance of DOM quality in the building microbial community.
Giant Enhancement of Nonlinear Harmonic Generation in a Silicon Topological Photonic Crystal Nanocavity Chain
Authors: Yuan Qingchen , Gu Linpeng , Fang Liang , Gan Xuetao , Chen Zhigang , Zhao Jianlin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractStrongly enhanced third‐harmonic generation (THG) by the topological localization of an edge mode in a Su‐Schrieffer‐Heeger (SSH) chain of silicon photonic crystal nanocavities is demonstrated. The edge mode of the nanocavity chain not only naturally inherits resonant properties of the single nanocavity, but also exhibits the topological feature with mode robustness extending well beyond individual nanocavity. By engineering the SSH nanocavities with alternating strong and weak coupling strengths on a silicon slab, the edge mode formation that entails a strong THG signal similar to that obtained from a single nanocavity is observed, which both show three orders of magnitude enhancement compared with that in a trivial SSH structure. The results indicate that the photonic crystal nanocavity chain can provide a promising on‐chip platform for topology‐driven nonlinear photonics.
Excitation‐Dependent Emission in All‐Inorganic Lead‐Free Cs2ScCl5·H2O Perovskite Crystals
Authors: Zhang Ruiling , Xu Xin , Mao Xin , Wang Zhongyi , Wang Pengyuan , Yang Yang , Chen Junsheng , Lu Ruifeng , Deng Weiqiao , Han Keli 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLow‐dimensional lead‐free metal halides have recently attracted a great deal of attention for their unique photoluminescence properties. In this work, a new all‐inorganic zero‐dimensional (0D) rare‐earth perovskite, namely Cs2ScCl5·H2O is reported. The 0D crystal exhibits a rare phenomenon of excitation‐wavelength dependent emission from blue‐green to white to yellow at room temperature. Spectroscopic characterizations indicate the tunable emission is originated from two distinct self‐trapped exciton states. In addition, the yellow emission quantum yield can be enhanced from 1.2% to ≈100% by doping Sb3+ ions into the crystal. The work not only presents a new all‐inorganic semiconductor with tunable emission colors, but also provides a design strategy for developing nontoxic and high‐performance light‐emitting materials.
Star Polyelectrolytes with Mixed Arms of PDMAEMA and POEGMA: Self‐Assembly and Coassembly with Insulin
Authors: Vlassi Eleni , Papagiannopoulos Aristeidis , Pispas Stergios 
Published: February 2022

AbstractStar copolymers with mixed polyelectrolyte/hydrophilic arms of poly(2‐(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) and poly(oligo (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (POEGMA) have been synthesized by reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and the arm‐first method. The star polyelectrolytes self‐assemble in aqueous media in nanostructures of hydrodynamic radius in the order of 50 nm. The quaternized star‐QPDMAEMAx‐POEGMAy aggregates appear to have a higher surface charge and a looser morphology in comparison to the annealed (weakly charged) star‐PDMAEMAx‐POEGMAy aggregates. The cationic mikto‐arm stars coassemble into complexes with insulin (INS) at neutral pH. In the case of the annealed stars INS appears to bind homogeneously to the fractal‐like aggregates. However, in the quenched (strongly charged) stars the protein rather attaches to the periphery of the compact aggregates. Interestingly, the size and mass of the star/INS complexes pass through a maximum as a function of the salt content for high INS contents. This is attributed to the anisotropic charge distribution of INS at pH 7, an effect that is reported only for linear and not for star polyelectrolytes. This work motivates the use of the star‐PDMAEMAx‐POEGMAy polyelectrolytes for the immobilization and delivery of protein drugs.
Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of External Anal SphincterEMGPatterns in Multiple System Atrophy
Authors: Todisco Massimiliano , Cosentino Giuseppe , Scardina Serena , Fresia Mauro , Prunetti Paolo , Pisani Antonio , Alfonsi Enrico 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundIt is debated whether external anal sphincter (EAS) electromyography can distinguish between multiple system atrophy (MSA) and Parkinson's disease (PD), whereas its usefulness for MSA prognosis is unknown.ObjectivesWe explored the diagnostic and prognostic value and clinical correlations of EAS electromyography patterns in MSA.MethodsWe collected clinical data and EAS electromyography findings in 72 patients with MSA and 21 with PD.ResultsWe identified four EAS patterns. The normal pattern was frequently observed in PD and associated with prolonged survival when identified in MSA. Abnormal patterns were predominant in MSA. The most severe pattern was associated with the highest likelihood of MSA diagnosis and with the worst prognosis in the MSA cohort. MSA patients with EAS abnormalities often showed urogenital symptoms and fecal incontinence.ConclusionsThe increasing severity of EAS electromyography patterns paralleled diagnostic accuracy and survival in MSA, and correlated with prevalence of bladder and bowel symptoms. © 2022 The Authors.Movement Disorderspublished by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Prediction of the Chemical Context for Buchwald‐Hartwig Coupling Reactions
Authors: Genheden Samuel , Mårdh Agnes , Lahti Gustav , Engkvist Ola , Olsson Simon , Kogej Thierry 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe present machine learning models for predicting the chemical context for Buchwald‐Hartwig coupling reactions, i. e., what chemicals to add to the reactants to give a productive reaction. Using reaction data from in‐house electronic lab notebooks, we train two models: one based on single‐label data and one based on multi‐label data. Both models show excellent top‐3 accuracy of approximately 90 %, which suggests strong predictivity. Furthermore, there seems to be an advantage of including multi‐label data because the multi‐label model shows higher accuracy and better sensitivity for the individual contexts than the single‐label model. Although the models are performant, we also show that such models need to be re‐trained periodically as there is a strong temporal characteristic to the usage of different contexts. Therefore, a model trained on historical data will decrease in usefulness with time as newer and better contexts emerge and replace older ones. We hypothesize that such significant transitions in the context‐usage will likely affect any model predicting chemical contexts trained on historical data. Consequently, training context prediction models warrants careful planning of what data is used for training and how often the model needs to be re‐trained.
Addressing concomitant gradient phase errors in time‐interleaved chemical shift‐encoded MRI fat fraction and R2* mapping with a pass‐specific phase fitting method
Authors: Roberts Nathan T. , Hernando Diego , Panagiotopoulos Nikolaos , Reeder Scott B. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeConcomitant gradients induce phase errors that increase quadratically with distance from isocenter. This work proposes a complex‐based fitting method that addresses concomitant gradient phase errors in chemical shift encoded (CSE) MRI estimation of proton density fat fraction (PDFF) and R2* through joint estimation of pass‐specific phase terms. This method is applicable to time‐interleaved multi‐echo gradient‐echo acquisitions (i.e., multi‐pass acquisitions) and does not require prior knowledge of gradient waveforms typically needed to address concomitant gradient phase errors.Theory and methodsA CSE‐MRI spoiled gradient echo signal model, with pass‐specific phase terms, is introduced for non‐linear least squares estimation of PDFF and R2* in the presence of concomitant gradient phase errors. Cramér‐Rao lower bound analysis was used to determine noise performance tradeoffs of the proposed fitting method, which was then validated in both phantom and in vivo experiments.ResultsThe proposed fitting method removed PDFF and R2* estimation errors up to 12% and 10 s–1, respectively, at ±12 cm off isocenter (S/I) in a water phantom. In healthy volunteers, PDFF and R2* bias was reduced by ~10% (12 cm off‐isocenter) and ~30 s–1 (16 cm off‐isocenter), respectively. An evaluation in 29 clinical liver datasets demonstrated reduced PDFF bias and variability (8.4% improvement in the coefficient of variation), even with the imaging volume centered at isocenter.ConclusionConcomitant gradient induced phase errors in multi‐pass CSE‐MRI acquisitions can result in PDFF and R2* estimation biases away from isocenter. The proposed fitting method enables accurate PDFF and R2* quantification in the presence of concomitant gradient phase errors without knowledge of imaging gradient waveforms.
Standardized universal pulse: A fast RF calibration approach to improve flip angle accuracy in parallel transmission
Authors: Le Ster Caroline , Mauconduit Franck , Massire Aurélien , Boulant Nicolas , Gras Vincent 
Published: February 2022

PurposeIn parallel transmission (pTX), subject‐tailored RF pulses allow achieving excellent flip angle (FA) accuracy but often require computationally extensive online optimizations, precise characterization of the static field (), and the transmit RF field () distributions. This costs time and requires expertise from the MR user. Universal pulses (UPs) have been proposed to reduce this burden, yet, with a penalty in FA accuracy. This study introduces the concept of standardized universal pulses (SUPs), where pulses are designed offline and adjusted to the subject through a fast online calibration scan.MethodsA SUP is designed offline using a so‐called standardized database, wherein each map has been normalized to a reference transmit RF field distribution. When scanning a new subject, a 3‐slice acquisition (scan time s) is performed and used to adjust the SUP to the subject through a linear transform. SUP performance was assessed at 7T with simulations by computing the FA‐normalized root mean square error (FA‐NRMSE) and the FA pattern stability as measured by the average and coefficient of variation of the FA across 15 control subjects, along with in vivo experiments using an MP2RAGE sequence implementing the SUP variant for the FLASH readout.ResultsAdjusted SUP improved the FA‐NRMSE (8.8 for UP vs. 7.1 for adjusted SUP). Experimentally in vivo, this translated in an improved signal homogeneity and more accurate quantification using MP2RAGE.ConclusionThe proposed SUP approach improves excitation accuracy (FA‐NRMSE) while preserving the same offline pulse design principle as offered by UPs.
Building‐to‐grid optimal control of integrated MicroCSP and building HVAC system for optimal demand response services
Authors: Toub Mohamed , Robinett Rush D. , Shahbakhti Mahdi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe world is shifting toward cleaner and more sustainable power generation to face the challenges of climate change. Renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, hydraulic are now the go‐to technologies for the new power generation system. However, these sources are highly intermittent and introduce uncertainty to the power grid which affects its frequency and voltage and could jeopardize its stable operations. The integration of micro‐scale concentrated solar power (MicroCSP) and thermal energy storage with the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system gives the building greater leeway to control its loads which can allow it to support the power grid by providing demand response (DR) services. Indeed, the optimal control of the power flowing between the MicroCSP, the HVAC system, and the thermal zones can bring additional degrees of freedom to the building which can be relegated to the power grid based on the objective function and the incentives provided by the latter. This article presents an in‐depth investigation of the MicroCSP potential to provide ancillary services to the power grid. It focuses on evaluating the effect of incentives provided by the power grid on the building participation to the load following programs. It also demonstrates how the MicroCSP can help the building deal with constraints related to load peak shaving and ramp‐rate reduction set by the power grid as part of long‐term DR contracts. A sensitivity analysis is carried out to confront the results to prediction uncertainties of the energy prices and the weather conditions.
Effects of aramid nanofibers on the mechanical properties of epoxy resin and improved adhesion with aramid fiber
Authors: Du Xue , Kong Haijuan , Xu Qian , Li Biao , Yu Muhuo , Li Zhongwen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInspired by the application of nano‐fillers in composite materials, well‐dispersed aramid nanofibers (ANFs) were prepared and added into the epoxy resin (EP) to improve the toughness and tenacity properties of the ANF/EP composites. The composites were characterized by mechanical property test, surface analysis, thermodynamic property analysis, and contact angle. Results showed that when the EP was added with 0.15 wt% ANF, the tensile strength, bending strength, and impact strength are increased by 28.2%, 81.9%, and 81.8% compared with pure EP, respectively. The thermal stability and infiltration of the composites are improved. The interlaminar shear strength and interfacial shear strength of the aramid fiber were increased by 53.1% and 92.7% compared with the not reinforced EP, demonstrating that the epoxy reinforced with ANF is also beneficial for improving the interfacial bonding strength of aramid fiber and EP. The mechanism of the epoxy reinforcement by ANF and the interface enhancements showed that the ANF could cause several crack bridges and strong hydrogen bond interaction interface.
Utility of fertility procedures and prenatal tests to estimate gestational age for live‐births and stillbirths in electronic health plan databases
Authors: Taylor Lockwood G. , Bird Steven T. , Stojanovic Danijela , Toh Sengwee , Maro Judith C. , Fazio‐Eynullayeva Elnara , Petrone Andrew B. , Rajbhandari Rajani , Andrade Susan E. , Haynes Kevin , McMahill‐Walraven Cheryl N. , Shinde Mayura , Lyons Jennifer G. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeCurrent algorithms to evaluate gestational age (GA) during pregnancy rely on hospital coding at delivery and are not applicable to non‐live births. We developed an algorithm using fertility procedures and fertility tests, without relying on delivery coding, to develop a novel GA algorithm in live‐births and stillbirths.MethodsThree pregnancy cohorts were identified from 16 health‐plans in the Sentinel System: 1) hospital admissions for live‐birth, 2) hospital admissions for stillbirth, and 3) medical chart‐confirmed stillbirths. Fertility procedures and prenatal tests, recommended within specific GA windows were evaluated for inclusion in our GA algorithm. Our GA algorithm was developed against a validated delivery‐based GA algorithm in live‐births, implemented within a sample of chart‐confirmed stillbirths, and compared to national estimates of GA at stillbirth.ResultsOur algorithm, including fertility procedures and 11 prenatal tests, assigned a GA at delivery to 97.9% of live‐births and 92.6% of stillbirths. For live‐births (n = 4 701 207), it estimated GA within 2 weeks of a reference delivery‐based GA algorithm in 82.5% of pregnancies, with a mean difference of 3.7 days. In chart‐confirmed stillbirths (n = 49), it estimated GA within 2 weeks of the clinically recorded GA at delivery for 80% of pregnancies, with a mean difference of 11.1 days. Implementation of the algorithm in a cohort of stillbirths (n = 40 484) had an increased percentage of deliveries after 36 weeks compared to national estimates.ConclusionsIn a population of primarily commercially‐insured pregnant women, fertility procedures and prenatal tests can estimate GA with sufficient sensitivity and accuracy for utility in pregnancy studies.
Improving crystallization properties of PBSA by blending PBS as a polymeric nucleating agent to prepare high‐performance PPC/PBSA/AX8900 blown films
Authors: Jiang Guo , Wang Haiting , Yu Li , Li Huili 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInstability phenomena in film blowing of poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC)/poly(butylene succinate‐co‐butylene adipate)(PBSA)/ethylene‐methyl acrylate‐glycidyl methacrylate random terpolymer(AX8900) blends with a high PBSA content was due to low crystallization temperature of PBSA. As a polymeric nucleating agent, poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) was added to achieve a higher crystallization temperature and degree of crystallinity in PBSA/PBS blends (mPBSA). The initial nonisothermal crystallization temperature increased from 34.2 °C (pure PBSA) to 57.1 °C (mPBSA), leading to a significant improvement for film blowing stability of PPC/mPBSA/AX8900 films. High mPBSA content films were successfully prepared. SEM microphotographs showed that films containing mPBSA have flatter surfaces. PPC/mPBSA/AX8900 films exhibited 105% greater elongation at break in the transverse direction as well as improved tensile strength and water vapor barrier properties, which has great potential application as green packaging.