bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paradoxical Neuroethical Crisis of Agency and Identity in an Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Deep Brain Stimulation Patient
Authors: Carr B. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionDeep Brain Stimulation is an increasingly viable, well-established treatment for medication refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder. Yet, its neuromodulatory effects on the brain have led to varying and opposing neuroethical debates about its potential influence on a range of phenomena such as human agency, sense of nonauthenticity and identity.ObjectivesEstablish the importance of maintaining the psychotherapeutic alliance in a long-term DBS patient who reported minimal device side effect and no brain-technology interface interpersonal issues; yet struggled with a paradoxical phenomenon of psychic distress surrounding issues of agency and identity, not through device implantation, but through morphology of cognitions from negativistic interpersonal dynamics and spousal victim-blaming due to the necessity for such a device.MethodsCase-report of a 60+-year-old gentleman with a history of childhood-onset, treatment refractory OCD with a 15-year history of bilateral DBS lead placed via a ventral caudate/ ventral striatum trajectory through the anterior limb of the internal capsule to the nucleus accumbens.ResultsYears later he was only minimally improved above baseline; yet now with a few-years increasing degree of distress over a perceived atrophy of his capabilities that he felt was validated through what he described as his failure of artificial bionics. Extensive device setting re-optimization did not improve efficacy and with supportive therapy, the DBS device was weaned, and turned off.ConclusionsThe following year the therapeutic foci were on interpersonal identity, existential acceptance of breakthrough symptoms, and engagement of spouse into marital counseling leading to subsequent resolution of distress with improved quality of life.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Tinnitus as a comorbidity to depression and transcranial magnetic stimulation as a treatment for both - case report
Authors: Marinovic P. , Zivkovic M. , Bagaric T. , Skocic Hanzek M. , Mihaljevic-Peles A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionDepressive symptoms are common in individuals with tinnitus, however, the mechanisms of their interaction are not fully understood. There is neurobiological evidence that might help understanding the interplay between tinnitus and depression which, in turn, helps in making the right choice for treating both conditions.ObjectivesThis case report describes a 70-year old female patient that presented with tinnitus and depressive symptoms lasting for the past 5 years.MethodsThe patient showed limited treatment results with different antidepressants. The otorhinolaryngologist ruled out any possible somatic causes of her tinnitus. Tinnitus was causing her sleep disturbances, which worsened her everyday functioning that was already quite poor even further.ResultsAfter being administered with 30 rounds of TMS, her symptoms either completely resolved or at least reached a level that was adequate for her to start functioning normally on a day-to-day basis.ConclusionsTMS is a technique that provides non-invasive cortical stimulation, more specifically, when used for depression treatment it stimulates the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, a brain region synaptically connected to the limbic system involved in mood regulation that is proven to be hypoactive in depression. The limbic system is where tinnitus-related brain networks and regions involved in the pathophysiology of depression overlap. Further research is needed to deepen the understanding of this topic.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Psychosis. What’s the evidence?
Authors: Azevedo F. , André R. , Silva L. , Medinas R. , Almeida C. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionCognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis as an adjuvant to pharmacological treatment has been been shown to be one of the most effective interventions for schizophrenia with benefits noted in even treatment resistant schizophrenia. Benefits have been mostly registered in the positive symptoms domain of schizophrenia. Acceptance and commitment therapy is a third generation Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy, empirically supported for a range of symptoms and conditions, including psychosis, with quickly increasing data. It targets experiential avoidance, which seems to be closely related with psychopathology. Its ability to also target affective symptoms can be an important advantage in the adjuvant treatment of psychosis.ObjectivesTo critically review the evidence of acceptance and commitment therapy in psychosis.MethodsNon-systematic review of the literature with selection of scientific articles published in the past 10 years; by searching Pubmed and Medscape databases using the combination of MeSH descriptors. The following MeSH terms were used: “schizophrenia”, “acceptance and commitment therapy”.ResultsVery few studies have been published on ACT and psychosis, with even less controlled trials and systematic reviews. So far there is convincing evidence for ACT reducing the frequency of hallucinations, increasing the outcomes of traumatic events associated with psychosis and having measurable effects on anxiety and help seeking behaviour.ConclusionsAs Acceptance and Commitment therapy evolves and more evidence arises a new kind of therapy with possible effects on both affective and positive symptoms in schizophrenia can emerge, allowing us to know what works for patients with psychosis and through what mechanisms and permitting the improvement of treatment strategies.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Psychosocial interventions for cardiac surgery patients: continuity at clinical stages
Authors: Nikolaeva O. , Karavaeva T. , Nikolaev E. , Maksimova N. , Litvinova E. , Vasilieva E. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionMore often, cardiac surgery patients (CSP) receive systematic psychological aid after surgery. However, their need for psychosocial interventions in the perioperative period is underestimated.ObjectivesThe goal is to determine the stages of psychosocial interventions for CSP that could cover the whole period of their treatment and rehabilitation.MethodsAnalysis of scientific papers and practical experience gained in cardiologic clinic allowed dividing the system of psychosocial interventions for cardiac surgery patients into periods in accordance with actual stages of medical aid for CSPs.ResultsAccording to the principles of personalized approach, we determined six consecutive semantically different stages of psychosocial interventions: out-of-hospital pre-surgery, in-hospital pre-surgery, early post-surgery, in-hospital post-surgery, post-surgery rehabilitation, and out-of-hospital rehabilitation. They have different duration and cover the whole period of treatment and rehabilitation of CSPs beginning with the moment of indication to surgery up to the complete rehabilitation and full adaptation to their post-surgery somatic condition. Each stage has its own goals, main objectives and expectations. Duration of the stages is conditional and can change depending on the nature of every clinical situation.ConclusionsDetermination of clinical stages in the process of psychosocial interventions for CSPs gives ground for selecting optimal psychological methods and techniques for each stage and sets exact goals, achievement of which becomes possible only through a properly organised work of an interdisciplinary team of specialists.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Hospital environment and patient recovery – a review
Authors: Lourenço A. , Ribeiro M. , Lemos M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSince the second half of the 20th century, studies have been carried out that prove the benefits of the hospital environment in the improvement and recovery of patients. In this way, it would be important to understand what has already been done within the reality of Psychiatry Department.ObjectivesTo review the literature about the documentation of hospital environment influence in patients’ recovery.MethodsWe performed a MEDLINE search using the key words: hospital environment influence and patients’ recovery or patients healing. We only included studies with full text published in English.ResultsIn the selected articles, we only found studies developed in the Surgery department; in one of them, the authors tested the presence of plants in the patients’ rooms and assessed lower blood pressure values, less pain and less anxiety than the control group; in another, they tested the presence of music and landscape, although there was no difference in terms of pain assessment, there was an improvement in the assessment of the postoperative experience. A review pointed some other aspects that patients linked with their recovery, such as: audio and visual environment; specifically, in anxiety, pain and stress. On the other hand, other studies address the influence of the hospital environment on the satisfaction of health care providers.ConclusionsAlthough hospital environment has already demonstrated an impact on the patient recovery, none (in our review) was developed directly in a Psychiatric Department; further studies are needed to understand the impact on this kind of service.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Evaluation of an Adaptive Implementation Program for Cognitive Adaptation Training for People With Severe Mental Illness: a cluster-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Van Der Meer L. , Van Dam M. , Van Weeghel J. , Castelein S. , Pijnenborg G. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionCognitive Adaptation Training (CAT) is a psychosocial intervention focusing on reducing the impact of cognitive disorders on daily functioning in people with severe mental illness (SMI). Similar to many evidence based practices (EBP), implementation of CAT in routine care lags behind, despite the established effectiveness of the intervention. This so called ‘science-to-service gap’ is a widespread problem in mental health care. We developed an innovative implementation program to facilitate implementation of CAT and similar interventions in routine care.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation program and to determine factors that impede or facilitate the implementation process.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter cluster randomized controlled trial comparing the implementation program to a single training program in four mental health institutions (a total of 21 rehabilitation teams) in The Netherlands. Focus groups, semistructured interviews and questionnaires were used at multiple levels of service delivery (service user, professional, team, organization). Assessments took place before, during and after implementation and at follow-up, adding up to a total duration of 14 months. Data were analyzed using multilevel modeling.ResultsData collection is complete and analyses on the effectiveness of the implementation program are ongoing. Preliminary analyses show that team climate (p<.008) and organizational climate (p<.043) significantly predict the attitudes of mental health providers toward EBP.ConclusionsThis implementation research may provide important information about the implementation of psychosocial interventions in practice and may result in a program that is useful for Cognitive Adaptation Training, and possibly for psychosocial interventions in general.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Using the analytic hierarchy process to assess the severity of psychopathological states
Authors: Mitikhin V. , Solokhina T. , Tiumenkova G. , Kuzminova M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionCurrently, there are known problems of assessing the severity of psychopathological states based on psychometric (rank) scales [1]. The main problem: ranks are non-numeric information that does not allow the simplest mathematical operations (summation, average) [2] and, as a result, the impossibility of constructing correct models for evaluating statesObjectivesDevelopment of algorithms for processing initial rank information about the severity of psychopathological states in order to obtain results in numerical form based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) [2]MethodsClinical, statistical, algorithms of the AHP.ResultsThe problems of assessing the patient’s states are multicriteria. They are solved within the framework of AHP by constructing numerical intensity scales when measuring the dimensions of disorders. This means a correct transition from the rank scale to the scale of relations, in which the estimates are numbers that allow any mathematical operations. The implementation of AHP procedures is based on the application of the AHP normative approach [2], which uses expert comparisons of ratings of the rank scale.ConclusionsThe fundamental difference between the results based on AHP and rank results is due to the fact that numerical estimates of the severity of states are obtained, which can be used for any mathematical processing and the construction of correct models of communication and prediction of the state of patients from many factors, taking into account their weight. References: 1. Zimmerman M., Morgan T.A., Stanton K. World Psychiatry. 2018;17: 258–275. 2. Mitikhin, V.G., Solokhina, T.A. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2019; 119(2): 49-54.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Longitudinal association between exposome score for schizophrenia and clinical features: results from the Athens First-Episode Psychosis Research Study
Authors: Erzin G. , Pries L. , Dimitrakopoulos S. , Ralli I. , Xenaki L.-A. , Soldatos R.F. , Vlachos I. , Selakovic M. , Foteli S. , Kosteletos I. , Nianiakas N. , Mantonakis L. , Rizos E. , Kollias K. , Os J. , Guloksuz S. , Stefanis N. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPreviously, environmental vulnerability for schizophrenia assessed through exposome score for schizophrenia (ES-SCZ) was associated with the risk for psychosis development.ObjectivesThe current study aims to investigate the longitudinal association between ES-SCZ and symptom severity in individuals with first episode psychosis (FEP) to understand how environmental exposures affect illness course.MethodsBaseline and 1-month follow-up assessments were available for 225 individuals with FEP from the Athens FEP Research Study. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to measure clinical features. In accordance with previous reports, the ES-SCZ was calculated by summing log-odds weighted environmental exposures (childhood adversities, winter birth, and cannabis use). To model the course of clinical features over time the effects of the ES-SCZ-by-time interaction, ES-SCZ, and time were analyzed with multilevel regression analyses. Age, sex, and education were added as covariatesResultsThe analyses of change of PANSS total score over time indicated that clinical features decreased from baseline to the 1-month follow-up assessment. The association between ES-SCZ and PANSS total score were not statistically significant. The analyses of the PANSS total score over time indicated an ES-SCZ-by-time interaction (B = 2.82 [95% CI 0.28; 5.35], P-value = 0.029), meaning the decrease of the PANSS total score over time were dependent on ES-SCZ and individuals with high ES-SCZ showed less improvementConclusionsThe findings show that the total environmental predisposition to schizophrenia (ES-SCZ) not only increases the risk for psychosis development but may also influences the illness course.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The psychopathological trajectories to delusion in Schizophrenia: the affective and schizotypal pathways
Authors: Borrelli D. , Ottoni R. , Maffei S. , Fascendini N. , Marchesi C. , Tonna M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionDelusions are a key feature of schizophrenia psychopathology. From a phenomenological approach, Jaspers (1913) differentiates between “primary” or true schizophrenic delusions, defined as an unmediated phenomenon that cannot be understood in terms of prior psychological origin or motivation, and “secondary” delusions, understandable from the patient’s mood state or personality. Primary delusions have been considered the hallmark of reality distorsion dimension in schizophrenia, disregarding a possible affective patwhay to delusional belief.ObjectivesThe present study was aimed at elucidating the psychopathological trajectories to delusion in schizophrenia through the investigation of both affective and schizotypal trait dispositions.MethodsSeventy-eight participants affected by schizophrenia were administered the Peters Delusional Inventory (PDI), the Positive and Negative Affective Scale (PANAS), the Experience of Shame Scale (ESS), the Referential Thinking Scale (REF), the Magical Ideation Scale (MIS) and the Perceptual Aberration Scale (PAS).ResultsThe severity of delusional ideation (PDI) was positively related to both affective (PANAS positive dimension, ESS) and schizotypal traits (MIS, PAS and REF). Moreover, referential thinking (REF) mediated the relationship between “magical ideation” (MIS) and delusions severity (Fig. 1), whereas experience of shame (ESS) was a moderating factor in the between referential thinking and delusion severity (Fig. 2).ConclusionsThe study findings suggest that in schizophrenia patients, severity of delusions is underpinned by an intertwining of both affective and schizotypal pathways.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Differences in physical activity in subjects with psychosis versus a control group
Authors: Montejo A.L. , Buch B. , López M.J. , Arias M.T. , Corrales M.D. , Dominguez E. , Matos C. , Cortés B. , Santana Y. , Valrriberas I. , Matías J. , Prieto T. , Gómez-Marcos M. , García-Ortiz L. , Acosta J.M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPsychiatric illnesses are related with a reduced life expectancy and an increase of mortality rates (around 60%) mainly associated with cardiovascular diseases [1]. The high prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus and tobacco use among these patients undoubtelly predispose to the impairment in physical health and mortaility increase. Regular physical activity in the general population is associated with a decrease in cardiovascular risk but litle is know about iss influence in some chronic and severe mental disorders like schizophrenia [2].ObjectivesTo quantify the physical activity performed by a sample of subjects with psychosis, borth males and female, compared to a control group.MethodsA sample composed of 141 patients with schizoprenia was compared to 103 healthy subjects as a control group. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form (IPAQ) scale was applied to all participants. The time (minutes) of physical activity performed in a week (METs) was collected by each participant [3].ResultsThe differences in the total physical activity Mets for the patients with schizophrenia were highly significant (p = 0.001), showing a lower degree of physical activity compared to the control group. A higher and significant percentage of sedentary lifestyle among the psychiatric group (64.5%), compared to 35.5% in the control group was found.ConclusionsThe group of pateints with Schizophrenia showed a significant higher sedentary lifestile including less physical activity. This finding could be highly related with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease and deterioration of the physical health.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Athens multifamily therapy after a first psychotic episode: Online therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Selakovic M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe Athens Multifamily Therapy Project (A- MFTP) aims to provide systemic multifamily group therapy to youths who experienced a first psychotic episode (FEP) and their familiesObjectivesSince 2017, we run five groups of five-four families, with a duration of ten months and frequency every two weeks. Participants were recruited from the longitudinal study, Athens FEP Project, which aimed to investigate the involvement of genetic and environmental determinants on psychosis risk.MethodsDuring the Covid-19 pandemic, the provision of therapy to the current groups continued through online sessions. Participants were asked to answer qualitative questions on the perceived effectiveness of the therapy on their life as well as on the presenting problem(s) at three time points: middle, end of therapy and 6-month follow-up.ResultsAll members highlighted the significance of the reciprocity in the group communication. They mentioned that “sharing” and “exchanging” experiences helped them listen to others and felt heard by them. They moved from feeling fear and embarrassment when discussing the diagnosis and the aftermath, to feeling safety and comfort talking about their difficulties. Qualitative analysis showed no difference in participants’ perception of multifamily therapy as helpful between live therapy and online therapy.ConclusionsResults suggest that MFT can be a viable way to provide early intervention in FEP even in at online modality.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Outpatients with psychotic disorders still need physical health-promotion
Authors: Larsen-Kaasgaard D.M. , Stryhn L. , Sorensen M.K. , Munk-Jørgensen P. , Hjorth P. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPremature death of people living with non-affective psychotic disorders are related to life-style somatic comorbidities. Current health-promoting treatment and care programs does not target people living with psychotic disorders and therefore prevention and treatment do not embrace the accompanying challenges.ObjectivesTo identify and explore outpatients with non-affective psychotic disorders who are not offered existing municipal health-promoting treatment and care programs despite having a need.MethodsTwo hundred and six eligible outpatients from multiple sites of the Psychiatric Services in the Region of Southern Denmark were invited to participate. At last, 165 outpatients met the criteria and agreed to participate. A screening scheme was used to identify socio-economic characteristics, life-style related somatic comorbidities, medication status and consumption of cigarettes, drugs and alcohol. In outpatients’ medical records measured values and blood samples were obtained.ResultsAlmost four-fifths of the outpatients were in need of health promotion out of whom more than half were not offered a municipal health-promoting treatment and care program. One or more of the investigated somatic comorbidities was found in more than one-third of the outpatients. 15% had type-2-diabetes mellitus and 10% had cardiovascular disease. Two-fifths of the outpatients were smokers. Mean number of cigarettes per day was 19 (SD=10) for smokers. Mean BMI for men was 29 kg/m2 (SD=7) and 34 kg/m2 (SD=8) for women.ConclusionsIn general, the outpatient’s state of health was poor. Many outpatients were not offered a municipal health-promoting treatment and care program despite having a need.DisclosureNo significant relationships.