bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benefits of physical exercise programs toward people with acquired brain injury
Authors: Pérez-Rodríguez Marta , Gutiérrez-Suárez Andrea , Barakat Ruben , Pérez-Tejero Javier 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background:
Exercise has proven to be a tool improving health related quality of life in people with acquired brain injury (ABI) as part of multidisciplinary team during the subacute and chronic phase. While intervention studies and revisions have been increased in recent years, there is no consensus about the type, frequency and variables of control in exercise interventions. Besides, this collective need programs that respond to different functional levels, given the heterogeneity of people with ABI, not only because of the etiology, but also because of the severity differences over their deficits. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to summarize the evidence regarding the relationship between exercise and health related quality of life in subacute and chronic phase.

Methods:
A protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis will examine the benefits of physical exercise (PE) toward people with ABI will be conducted. A comprehensive search will be conducted in the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, SportDiscus, and Web of Science from inception to July 2020. Independent review authors will evaluate the title and abstract for each trial and disagreements will be solved by discussion with a third author if necessary. Standard pairwise meta-analysis, including heterogeneity analysis, subgroup analysis, and sensitivity analysis, will be performed using the Stata software. The quality evaluation of this study will be completed using the Cochrane collaboration risk of bias tool and the risk of bias assessment will be conducted by the World Health Organization grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation. The review will be reported in accordance to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses statement.

Results and Conclussion:
This systematic review and meta-analysis protocol will provide an overview regarding the benefits of PE on functioning, social participation and quality of life toward people with ABI. The variability of outcomes across PE from the selected studies will provide important information for future trial designs. Results of the proposed review will inform practice and the design of future clinical trials. This study will summarize all the selected trials aimed at estimating the effectiveness of applying physical activity programs to ABI users.

Systematic review registration number: PROSPERO CRD42020191779.
Postoperative recurrence of gastric cancer depends on whether the chemotherapy cycle was more than 9 cycles
Authors: Li Yifan , Zhao Haoliang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with pathologically confirmed gastric cancer/adenocarcinoma who underwent curative surgical resection follow-up within 3 years at Shanxi cancer hospital between 2002 and 2020. The clinicopathologic parameters explored included gender, age at surgery, vascular invasion, neural invasion, Tumor infiltration depth (T stage), N stage, TNM stage, chemotherapy, Lauren classification, maximum diameter of tumor, type of gastrectomy, tumor location and survival data.
With a median follow-up of 29 months (range 0–36 months), the ratio of patients with recurrence was 26.80% (n = 226) and the death rate of patients was 45.31% (n = 382) in this period. According to the results of univariate analysis, gender (P = .014), age at surgery (P = .010), vascular invasion (P = .000), neural invasion (P = .000), T stage (P = .000), N stage (P = .000), TNM stage (P = .000), chemotherapy cycle (P = .000), lauren classification (P = .000), maximum diameter of tumor (P = .000), type of gastrectomy (P = .000) were independent risk factors of recurrence of follow-up within 3 years. From the multivariate analysis by logistic regression showed that TNM Stage (P = .002), chemotherapy cycle (P = .000) were risk factors of recurrence of follow-up within 3 years. Univariate analysis of survival by Kaplan–Meier showed that gender (P = .038), vascular invasion (P = .000), neural invasion (P = .000), maximum diameter of tumor (P = .000), Lauren classification (P = .000), T stage (P = .000), N stage (P = .000), TNM Stage (P = .000) and type of gastrectomy (P = .000) were key factors linked to overall survival of follow-up within 3 years. The results of the multivariate analysis by Cox regression were clearly presented that T Stage (P = .000), TNM stage (P = .001), maximum diameter of tumor (P = .001) were key factors of overall survival of follow-up within 3 years.
TNM Stage, chemotherapy cycle were closely related to recurrence and of follow-up within 3 years. More than 9 cycles of chemotherapy was able to reduce the probability of recurrence. T Stage, TNM stage, maximum diameter of tumor were independent factors associated with overall survival of gastric cancer of follow-up within 3 years. For maximum diameter of tumor, the probability of death of more than 6 cm was 1.317 times less than 6 cm within 3 years of follow-up.
Clinical signs and symptoms associated with acute HIV infection from an intensely monitored cohort on 2 continents
Authors: Letizia Andrew G. , Eller Leigh Anne , Bryant Christopher , Dawson Peter , Nitayaphan Sorachai , Kosgei Josphat , Kibuuka Hannah , Maganga Lucas , Kroon Eugène , Sriplienchan Somchai , Michael Nelson L. , O’Connell Robert J. , Kim Jerome H. , Robb Merlin L. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Define the clinical presentation of acute human immunodeficiency virus infection (AHI) among men and women from 2 continents to create a clinical scoring algorithm.
Comparison of incident sign and symptom between those with and without AHI.
At-risk human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) negative men and women in Thailand, Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda underwent twice-weekly testing for HIV. Newly diagnosed participants were evaluated twice weekly for 21 days after infection.
Of the 3345 participants enrolled, 56 African females and 36 biological males from Thailand were diagnosed with AHI. Four hundred fifty-two of their encounters were compared to 18,281 HIV negative encounters. Due to a high degree of heterogeneity among incident symptoms, 2 unique subgroups based upon geography and sex were created. Among Thai males, the signs and symptoms with the greatest odds ratio (OR) between AHI and uninfected participants were nausea (OR 16.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.9–60.2, P < .001) and lymphatic abnormalities (OR 11.8, 95% CI 4.2–49.0, P < .001); and among African females were pain behind the eyes (OR 44.4, 95% CI 12.0–158.0, P < .0001) and fatigue (OR 22.7, 95% CI 11.3–44.3, P < .001). The Thai male scoring algorithm had a 66% sensitivity and 84% specificity while the African female algorithm had a sensitivity of 27% and specificity of 98%.
The different incident symptoms during AHI necessitated creating 2 different scoring algorithms that can guide diagnostic testing among a particular sex in the appropriate geographic setting. Further research on risk exposure, sex, and demographic specific models is warranted.
Prognostic value of targeted temperature management on outcomes of hanging-induced out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Kim Jae Guk , Choi Hyun Young , Kang Gu Hyun , Jang Yong Soo , Kim Wonhee , Lee Yoonje 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of targeted temperature management (TTM) on hanging-induced out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients using nationwide data of South Korea.
Adult hanging-induced OHCA patients from 2008 to 2018 were included in this nationwide observational study. Patients who assigned into 2 groups based on whether they did (TTM group) or did not (non-TTM group) receive TTM. Outcome measures included survival to hospital discharge and a good neurological outcome at hospital discharge.
Among the 293,852 OHCA patients, 3545 patients (non-TTM, n = 2762; TTM, n = 783) were investigated. After propensity score matching for all patients, 783 matched pairs were available for analysis. We observed no significant inter-group differences in the survival to hospital discharge (non-TTM, n = 27 [3.4%] vs TTM, n = 23 [2.9%], P = .666) or good neurological outcomes (non-TTM, n = 23 [2.9%] vs TTM, n = 14 [1.8%], P = .183). In the multivariate analysis, prehospital return of spontaneous circulation (odds ratio [OR], 22.849; 95% confidence interval [CI], 11.479–45.481, P < .001) was associated with an increase in survival to hospital discharge, and age (OR, 0.971; 95% CI, 0.944–0.998, P
= .035), heart disease (OR, 16.875; 95% CI, 3.028–94.036, P
= .001), and prehospital return of spontaneous circulation (OR, 133.251; 95% CI, 30.512–581.930, P < .001) were significant prognostic factors of good neurological outcome. However, TTM showed no significant association with either outcome.
There were no significant differences in the survival to hospital discharge and good neurological outcomes between non-TTM and TTM groups of hanging-induced OHCA patients.
The effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention on alleviating anxiety and depression in postoperative patients with cervical cancer
Authors: Yang Xiaoju , Huang Li , Li Chunlin , Ji Ning , Zhu Hongcheng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background:
Surgical treatment for cervical cancer, as a stressor, largely leads to strong psychological reactions to stress like anxiety and depression. Whether mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) can alleviate anxiety and depression in patients after cervical cancer surgery is controversial. Therefore, we aim to perform a meta-analysis involving randomized controlled trials analyzing the effect of MBSR on alleviating anxiety and depression in patients after cervical cancer surgery, thus providing evidence-based medical evidences for nonpharmacological interventions.

Methods:
Randomized controlled trials analyzing the effect of MBSR on alleviating anxiety and depression in patients after cervical cancer surgery will be searched in online databases, including Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials Repositories, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Chinese Science Citation Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, and Wan Fang Data. After screening eligible studies, we will perform a meta-analysis on the effect of MBSR on alleviating anxiety and depression in patients after cervical cancer surgery.

Results:
The results of this meta-analysis will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.

Conclusion:
This study will provide reliable evidence-based evidences for the effects of MBSR on alleviating anxiety and depression in patients after cervical cancer surgery.

Ethics and dissemination:
Ethical approval was not required for this study. The systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, presented at conferences, and shared on social media platforms.

OSF Registration number:
DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/EXUM3.
Lipoprotein glomerulopathy resulting from compound heterogeneous mutations of APOE gene
Authors: Li Yunsi , Chen Jin , Zou Yurong , Wang Wei , Li Guisen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Rationale:
Lipoprotein glomerulopathy (LPG) is a rare glomerular disease characterized by the deposition of lipoprotein thrombi in glomerular capillaries. The disease is characterized by proteinuria, progressive renal failure, and characteristic lipoprotein thrombosis in glomerular capillaries. Rare mutations in the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene mainly contribute to disease pathogenesis.

Patient concerns:
A 28-year-old man presented with severe proteinuria and hyperlipidemia. The patient was treated with a full dose of prednisone for 2 months and then combined with leflunomide 20 mg daily for 20 days; however, his edema continued to worsen.

Diagnosis:
The patient was diagnosed LPG by laboratory examination and renal biopsy.

Interventions:
The patient was treated with atorvastatin (20 mg) combined with irbesartan (75 mg) once a day.

Outcomes:
The patient's lipidaemia and proteinuria were significantly reduced. Genetic testing showed that the patient carried compound heterozygous mutations in APOE. The APOE gene was inherited from her mother and father. Parents with a heterogeneous mutation had normal kidney function without proteinuria.

Lessons:
Usually, a single mutation in APOE can lead to the pathogenesis of LPG. This case shows that LPG could result from compound heterogeneous mutations of the APOE gene inherited from his mother and father. Intensive lipid-lowering combined with RASIs is effective in patients with LPG. Early renal biopsy and genetic mutation detection can avoid the unnecessary use of glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants.
Quantitative analysis of vascularity for thyroid nodules on ultrasound using superb microvascular imaging
Authors: Hong Min Ji , Ahn Hye Shin , Ha Su Min , Park Hyun Jeong , Oh Jiyun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the utility of adding superb microvascular imaging (SMI) to B-mode ultrasound (US) for distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid nodules and evaluate the usefulness of SMI quantification of nodular vascularity for diagnosing thyroid cancer.
The malignancy likelihood was scored for 3 datasets before versus after additional color Doppler imaging or SMI using 4-scale visual analysis (i.e., B-mode US alone, B-mode US + color Doppler image, and B-mode US + SMI). Further, the SMI pixel count was measured in the region of interest, including the whole nodule, on the longitudinal view. It was compared between benign and malignant nodules and analyzed according to the US patterns of thyroid nodules based on the Korean thyroid imaging reporting and data system. We calculated the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values, sensitivities, and specificities.
There was no significant difference in the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values among B-mode, B-mode + color Doppler, and B-mode + SMI. However, the SMI pixel count was significantly higher in malignant thyroid nodules than in benign ones. The optimal cut-off value for the SMI pixel count for predicting malignant thyroid nodules obtained using a receiver operating characteristic curve was 17 (40.54% in sensitivity, 91.3% in specificity). Analysis based on the US pattern of thyroid nodules revealed significant differences in the nodules with low-to-intermediate suspicious US features between malignant and benign nodules.
Quantification analysis of vascularity using SMI can differentiate malignant thyroid nodules from benign ones.
Acupuncture-related therapies for the poststroke cognitive impairment patients
Authors: Tian Jun , Hu Li-Bing , Wu Miao , Mo Wen-Li , Wu Peng , Pu Yao-Hui , Yang Han-Chao , Fan Yun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background:
To compare and rank the clinical effects of different acupuncture and acupuncture-related therapies on patients with poststroke cognitive impairment.

Methods:
We evaluated the direct and indirect evidence from relevant studies using network meta-analysis. Eight databases were examined in order to find randomized controlled trials of acupuncture-related therapies for individuals with poststroke cognitive impairment. After 2 researchers independently scanned the literature, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies, the data were analyzed using RevMan5.4, Stata15.0, and WinBUGS1.4.3 software.

Results:
We assess the benefits and drawbacks of various acupuncture-related therapies, rank the efficacy of various acupuncture-related therapies in the treatment of poststroke cognitive impairment, and describe the best acupuncture intervention approaches or combinations based on the available data.

Conclusion:
This study will contribute to the existence of data on the safety and efficacy of acupuncture-related therapies in the treatment of poststroke cognitive impairment, and it may aid clinical guideline makers in selecting the best acupuncture treatment for poststroke cognitive impairment.

Registration Number:
INPLASY2021120117.
A reliable nomogram model for predicting esophageal stricture after endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Yang Guodong , Mu Zhao , Pu Ke , Chen Yulin , Zhang Luoyao , Zhou Haiyue , Luo Peng , Zhang Xiaoying 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Currently, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has gradually become the diagnosis and treatment of choice for initial esophageal cancer. However, the formation of esophageal stricture after ESD is one of its important complications. In this paper, we intend to identify the risk factors of esophageal stricture to develop a nomogram model to predict the risk of esophageal stricture and validate this model.
A total, 159 patients were included in this study, including 21 patients with esophageal stenosis. Multivariate analysis showed that age greater than 60 years, high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, the extent of esophageal mucosal defect greater than 1/2, and postoperative pathological type of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were independent risk factors for predicting esophageal stricture. We constructed a nomogram model to predict esophageal stenosis by these 4 independent predictors.
The prediction performance of the model was verified by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the model was 0.889, and the sensitivity and specificity were 80.00% and 91.28%, respectively, indicating that the prediction performance of the model was good; The calibration curve constructed by internal cross-validation suggested that the predicted results of the nomogram agreed well with the actual observed values.
The nomogram model has a high accuracy for predicting esophageal stricture after esophageal ESD and is extremely important to reduce or avoid the occurrence of esophageal stricture. But it needs more external and prospective validation.
The influence of carotid atherosclerosis on surgical outcomes of patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy
Authors: Li Bohan , Liu Shuling , Wang Yongmei , Zhao Jie , Song Yang , Xu Wen , Zhang Cheng , Gao Chunzheng , Zhao Qian , Wu Dongjin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The appearance of atherosclerosis in the carotid artery may be suggest the possibility of atherosclerosis in the spinal cord artery, which can cause spinal cord ischemia and further lead to neural element damage.
According to the inclusion and exclude standard, there are 137 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) incorporating retrospective analysis. These patients were consecutively admitted into The Second Hospital- Cheeloo College of Medicine-Shandong University from January 2016 to December 2018 and have accepted surgical treatment. All patients were examined by color Doppler ultrasound to detect carotid atherosclerosis before surgery. All patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of carotid atherosclerosis: carotid atherosclerosis group (n = 88) and noncarotid atherosclerosis group (n = 49). All patients were followed up for at least 12 months after surgery. Demographic and surgery-related data were collected and analyzed to identify potential factors that affect the surgical outcomes in CSM.
The average age of carotid atherosclerosis group (51 males and 37 females), and noncarotid atherosclerosis group (24 males and 25 females) were 62.02 ± 10.34 years (range, 38–85 years) and 49.61 ± 10.28 years (range, 26–67 years), respectively.
In carotid atherosclerosis group: pre and postoperative modify Japanese Orthopedic Association Scores (mJOA score) were 11.58 ± 1.82 and 14.36 ± 1.64; the recovery rate of mJOA score was 45.57% ± 13.28%. In noncarotid atherosclerosis group: pre and postoperative mJOA score were 12.00 ± 2.11 and 15.04 ± 1.70; the recovery rate of mJOA score was 53.90% ± 13.22%. Univariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that gender (P = .004), age ≥65 years (P = .001), duration of symptoms ≥12 months (P = .040), smoking history (P < .001), preoperative mJOA score ≤11 (P = .007) and carotid atherosclerosis (P = .004) were related to poor surgical outcomes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed significant correlations between poor surgical outcomes and age ≥65 years (P = .047), smoking history (P = .010), preoperative mJOA score ≤11 (P = .008) or carotid atherosclerosis (P = .047).
Carotid atherosclerosis may be a risk factor for poor surgical outcomes in CSM.
Nonalcoholic non-virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma arising from nonsteatotic liver
Authors: Shigematsu Yasuyuki , Kanda Hiroaki , Amori Gulanbar , Takahashi Yu , Takazawa Yutaka , Inamura Kentaro 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Nonalcoholic non-virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (NANV-HCC) is considered to occur in steatotic livers; however, emerging evidence indicates that a subset of NANV-HCC occurs in nonsteatotic livers. Currently, little information is available regarding this subset. This study sought to provide the clinical and pathological features of NANV-HCC in nonsteatotic livers.
We retrospectively investigated the clinicopathological features of 101 consecutive patients with NANV-HCC treated with a curative-intent hepatectomy. A background liver with <5% steatosis by area was regarded as a nonsteatotic liver. Survivals of patient subgroups were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method, and log-rank tests were conducted to assess the survival difference. Multivariate analysis was performed with the Cox proportional hazards method.
Overall, 34 of 101 patients with NANV-HCC were found to have a nonsteatotic liver. Vascular invasion of the tumor was more frequently observed in patients with a nonsteatotic liver than in those with a steatotic liver (P = .03). The extent of lobular inflammation and fibrosis did not differ between patients with and without steatosis in the liver. NANV-HCC with a nonsteatotic liver was independently associated with a shorter disease-free survival (DFS) (hazard ratio [HR] 2.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21–3.80; P = .009) and a shorter overall survival (OS) (HR 2.79; 95% CI 1.27–6.16; P = .01) than NANV-HCC with a steatotic liver.
The absence of steatosis in the liver is independently associated with shorter DFS and OS in patients with NANV-HCC. Our findings indicate that nonsteatotic liver can be a surrogate phenotype of aggressive NANV-HCC.