bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Responsiveness and interpretation of the PROMIS Cancer Function Brief 3D Profile
Authors: Smith Sean R. , Vargo Mary , Zucker David S. , Shahpar Samman , Gerber Lynn H. , Henderson Maryanne , Jay Gina , Cheville Andrea L. 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundMeasuring function with valid and responsive tools in patients with cancer is essential for driving clinical decision‐making and for the end points of clinical trials. Current patient‐reported outcome measurements of function fall short for many reasons. This study evaluates the responsiveness of the Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Cancer Function Brief 3D Profile, a novel measure of function across multiple domains.MethodsTwo hundred nine participants across five geographically distinct tertiary care centers completed the assessment and pain rating at two outpatient cancer rehabilitation clinic visits. Patients and providers completed a global rating of change measure at the second visit to indicate whether the patient was improving or worsening in function. Multiple response indices and linear models measured whether the measure was responsive to self‐reported and clinician‐rated changes over time. Correlations between changes in function and changes in anchors (pain rating and performance status) were also calculated.ResultsFunction as measured by the PROMIS Cancer Function Brief 3D Profile changed appropriately as both patients and clinicians rated change. Small to moderate effect sizes supported the tool's responsiveness. Function was moderately correlated with pain and more strongly correlated with performance status, and changes in function corresponded with changes in anchor variables. No floor/ceiling effect was found.ConclusionsThe PROMIS Cancer Function Brief 3D Profile is sensitive to changes over time in patients with cancer. The measure may be useful in clinical practice and as an end point in clinical trials.Lay summary

We gave patients a questionnaire by which they told their physicians how well they were functioning, including how fatigued they were.

This study tested that questionnaire to see whether the scores would change if patients got better or worse.
Toxicity and outcomes after external beam irradiation for prostate cancer in patients with prior holmium laser enucleation of the prostate: Early experience
Authors: Laughlin Brady S. , Narang Gopi L. , Cheney Scott M. , Humphreys Mitchell R. , Vargas Carlos E. , Keole Sameer R. , Rwigema Jean‐Claude M. , Schild Steven E. , Wong William W. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurpose/ObjectivesHolmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) is commonly performed in patients with significant bladder outlet obstruction. However, there are few reports on the toxicity of external beam irradiation (RT) for prostate cancer in patients after prior HoLEP. In this study, we evaluate the side effects and treatment outcomes of RT after HoLEP.Materials/MethodsEighteen patients who had HoLEP and subsequently received RT for prostate cancer were included. Data collected included patient and disease characteristics, urinary function, and radiation dose. Acute and late urinary (GU) and gastrointestinal (GI) side effects were evaluated. Disease control and survival rates were calculated using Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsMedian follow‐up was 18 months (range: 4–46 months). Median prostate volume was 107 ml before HoLEP and 24 ml after HoLEP. Median International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) was 17 (range: 5–32) before HoLEP. Median decline in IPSS score after HoLEP was 7 (range: −2–21). On uroflow study, peak flow rate, and post‐void residual were significantly improved after HoLEP. After radiation, peak flow rate and average flow rate showed a decline but remained significantly improved compared to pre‐HoLEP measurements. Maximum acute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) adverse events were 12 grade 1 and 3 grade 2 for GU, and 3 grade 1 for GI, respectively. Maximum late adverse events were 13 grade 1 and 2 grade 2 for GU, and all grade 0 for GI, respectively. At last follow‐up, there were 8 grade 1 and 1 grade 2 late GU, and 3 grade 1 late GI adverse events, respectively. There was no significant increase in urinary incontinence after RT compared to before RT. The 18‐month biochemical control, local control, distant control rates were 78%, 94%, and 80%, respectively.ConclusionsPatients who received RT as definitive treatment for prostate cancer after prior HoLEP had low risk of serious acute and late side effects. HoLEP can be safely performed and should be considered in patients with significant bladder outlet obstruction and large prostate volume before RT.
Heterogeneous graph prompt for Community Question Answering
Authors: Liu Huanghai , Qin Ying 
Published: July 2022

SummaryCompared with general question answering, Community Question Answering (CQA), which has been widely used in various scenarios like E‐commerce and is well welcomed. In order to answer the user's question precisely, many CQA models resort to external knowledge sources such as Wikipedia. The main challenge of the task is knowledge extraction and utilization. Different from the traditional method of designing task‐specific knowledge modules, we propose a graph prompt‐based learning method that directly steers the pretrained language model to solve CQA tasks. Multiple information sources are organized as graph prompts to guide the generation of the model, naturally leveraging the knowledge learned in the pretrained step. Based on the pretrained bidirectional and autoregressive transformers, a large‐scale language model, a comparable performance is achieved with less than 10% of the full‐finetuning time by only optimizing the graph prompt parameters. Experiments on two standard CQA datasets show that compared with traditional sequential initialized prompts, graph prompt achieves 20.47% and 14.89% increments in terms of BLEU and ROUGE‐L scores on quick finetuning and outperforms in few‐shot learning.
Interlayer Expansion in a Layered Metal‐Organic Framework Enhances CO2Capture and CO2/N2Separation
Authors: Wang Maohuai , Wei Shuxian , Liu Siyuan , Wang Zhaojie , Lu Xiaoqing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDeveloping efficient CO2adsorbent materials and technologies is significant to reduce the increasing greenhouse gases concentration in the atmosphere. Herein, a layered MOF with a porous kagomé lattice (kgm), which owned three phases (kgm‐1, kgm‐2, and kgm‐3) via interlayer expansion, was evaluated as a promising CO2capture and separation material by using grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations. Results showed that the interlayer expansion provided additional pore volume, which played a considerable role in CO2adsorption and separation. The CO2adsorption capacity and CO2/N2selectivity followed the sequence kgm‐3>kgm‐2>kgm‐1, and kgm‐3 exhibited an excellent CO2adsorption capacity of 8.7 mmol g−1at 1 bar with a CO2/N2selectivity of 130.3 at 20 bar and 298 K. Gas distribution analysis showed that CO2and N2are adsorbed only in the channels in kgm‐1, whereas they could be adsorbed between layers in kgm‐2 and kgm‐3 due to the interlayer expansion. The adsorption heat and interactions between CO2and frameworks were analyzed to elucidate the effect of interlayer expansion. Results of this work highlighted that appropriate interlayer expansion can be an effective approach for framework adsorbents to improve CO2capture ability and separation performance at the same time.
Combining stereo‐video monitoring and physiological trials to estimate reef fish metabolic demands in the wild
Authors: Schiettekatte Nina M. D. , Conte Francesca , French Beverly , Brandl Simon J. , Fulton Christopher J. , Mercière Alexandre , Norin Tommy , Villéger Sébastien , Parravicini Valeriano 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOrganismal metabolic rates (MRs) are the basis of energy and nutrient fluxes through ecosystems. In the marine realm, fishes are some of the most prominent consumers. However, their metabolic demand in the wild (field MR [FMR]) is poorly documented, because it is challenging to measure directly. Here, we introduce a novel approach to estimating the component of FMR associated with voluntary activity (i.e., the field active MR [). Our approach combines laboratory‐based respirometry, swimming speeds, and field‐based stereo‐video systems to estimate the activity of individuals. We exemplify our approach by focusing on six coral reef fish species, for which we quantified standard MR and maximum MR (SMR and MMR, respectively) in the laboratory, and body sizes and swimming speeds in the field. Based on the relationships between MR, body size, and swimming speeds, we estimate that the activity scope (i.e., the ratio between and SMR) varies from 1.2 to 3.2 across species and body sizes. Furthermore, we illustrate that the scaling exponent for varies across species and can substantially exceed the widely assumed value of 0.75 for SMR. Finally, by scaling organismal estimates to the assemblage level, we show the potential effect of this variability on community metabolic demand. Our approach may improve our ability to estimate elemental fluxes mediated by a critically important group of aquatic animals through a non‐destructive, widely applicable technique.
Beyond the cubic law: A finite volume method for convective and transient fracture flow
Authors: Gee Bruce , Gracie Robert 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe reduced dimension fracture flow model (referred to as the GG22 model) is a recently derived extension of the cubic law model for flow through fractures of variable aperture with fluid inertia effects. Novel numerical methods are required to solve the nonlinear partial differential equations governing the GG22 model, as it is more complex than the cubic law. The GG22 model is derived from Navier–Stokes, which allows the adoption of similar numerical methods to the Navier–Stokes equations, but the model contains its own idiosyncrasies which must be addressed. This article presents the first numerical methods to solve the GG22 model. An explicit multi‐step finite volume method is developed and verified. The method is based on deriving a Poisson equation for pressure with an additional continuity correction to overcome numerical instabilities. The critical timestep is derived and shown to be a function of the fundamental frequency of the fracture‐fluid system and the maximum fluid velocity. The results show excellent agreement with analytical solutions, and the method demonstrates a first‐order rate of fluid flux convergence in time and a second‐order rate of pressure convergence in space. The model is applied to a traveling aperture wave which shows that higher pressures are required to generate lower average fluxes than predicted by the cubic law.
Very Small Entities (VSEs): Outsourcing Risk to the Supply Chain Is Placing Systems Security Engineering on a Clay Foundation, but Playing Games May Help
Authors: Georgsen Roar E. , Køien Geir M. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTThis article addresses the inherent risk in a supply chain that comprises primarily Very Small Entities (VSE) with little to no security proficiency and limited resources and incentive to prioritize system security. In a globalized economy based on outsourcing and risk‐sharing, most engineering activities occur in the smallest companies, even for large and complex projects. The Future of Systems Engineering initiative (FuSE) appropriately has agility at the core of its Systems Security Engineering (SSE) foundation concepts, and VSEs are by their very nature agile. However, the line between agility and chaos may be thin, and engineers at VSEs must often accept a level of restraint and rigidity beyond their comfort level to achieve functional agility. The primary challenge in VSEs is adding structure without the necessary resources to enforce compliance manually. We propose that VSE focus their initial efforts on FuSE SSE Foundation Concepts that play into their nature and strengths as dynamic human social activity systems. Improvements in security proficiency and stakeholder alignment do not necessarily require much formal structure, and digital tools combined with social strategies can add structure to a resource‐constrained environment. Games can be excellent low‐cost tools to provide structure while minimizing resistance, and Agile Model‐Based Systems Engineering (AMBSE) using digital models can support automated enforcement. Here we use the card gameElevation of Privilege(EoP) as an example. Within the context of a SysML Threat Model integrated into a larger System Model, players naturally treat security requirements as traceable functional requirements. Automated model validation, re‐usable components and patterns enforce a Zero‐Trust architecture, a sufficiently formal trust model to provide evidence‐based assurance, yet achievable for small companies with limited resources.
Framework for Operational Resilience in Engineering and System Test (FOREST) Part II: Case Study – Responding to “Security as a Functional Requirement”
Authors: McDermott Tom , Clifford Megan M. , Sherburne Tim , Horowitz Barry , Beling Peter A. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTSilverfish is a case study of a fictional system of systems of medium complexity. It evaluates the FOREST methodologies referenced in part I of this article series in the contexts of system design, system test and evaluation, and training. The Silverfish case study illustrates implementation of the FOREST meta‐process model and the Mission Aware metamodel described in part I. The case study demonstrates how to accomplish the modeling of functional behaviors and associated derivation of requirements for a realistic system. This article begins with a short description of Silverfish, then describes the outcome of cyber tabletop exercises captured into modeling artifacts, the outcome of a resilience analysis, and a full derivation of cyber resilience functional and performance requirements from the modeling and analysis.
Analyzing System Security Architecture in Concept Phase Using UAF Domains
Authors: López García Juan José , Pereira Daniel Patrick 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTThis paper presents combining MBSE (Model‐Based System Engineering) and STPA (Systems‐Theoretic Process Analysis) to mitigate security risks at an early stage of system development and to increase agility when developing or modifying architectures. The MBSE approach states that the systems development process should have a system model or a set of models as the unique source of truth. From the system model or a set of models, systems engineers of different specialties should be able to extract the information needed to perform their job. However, some specialties usually create their artefact apart from the model to perform the analysis, breaking the premises of MBSE to have a unique source of truth leading to out‐of‐date artefacts. This article proposes extending the Unified Architecture Framework (UAF) Profile (UAFP) to enable safety and security systems engineers to perform their analysis from the early stage of a system development process.
Gratitude and internalizing/externalizing symptoms among adolescents after the Wenchuan earthquake: Mediating roles of social support and resilience
Authors: Wang Dongfang , Chen Xiao‐Yan , Zhai Shuyi , Fan Fang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionAdolescents are susceptible to exhibiting internalizing and externalizing symptoms following natural disasters. However, little is known regarding factors that may influence these symptoms from the perspective of positive psychology. The current study examined whether and how social support and resilience mediated the association between gratitude and adolescents' internalizing and externalizing symptoms.MethodThe participants were 765 Chinese adolescents exposed to the Wenchuan earthquake (41.8% male, mean age 17.46 years), who were enrolled in a three‐wave longitudinal study with data spanning 1 year. All adolescents completed self‐report questionnaires on gratitude at 18 months postearthquake (T18m), social support and resilience at 24 months (T24m), and internalizing and externalizing symptoms at 18 months (T18m) and 30 months (T30m).ResultsThe results showed that social support (T24m) and resilience (T24m) serially mediate the relationship between gratitude (T18m) and internalizing (β = −.003, 95% confidence interval [CI]= −0.006, −0.001) or externalizing (T30m) symptoms (β = −.004, 95% CI= −0.004, −0.001). Social support (T24m) acts as a mediator only between gratitude (T18m) and internalizing symptoms (T30m) (β = −.021, 95% CI = −0.044, −0.004), while not being a significant predictor for externalizing symptoms (T30m).ConclusionBy highlighting the mechanisms by which gratitude longitudinally attenuates adolescents' internalizing, externalizing, and total symptoms, our findings may provide clinical practitioners with important information regarding intervention design.
Inside Cover
Authors: Liu Hanzi , Wu Xiaoyan , Liu Guodong , Ren Hongliang , R. V. Vinu , Chen Ziyang , Pu Jixiong 
Published: July 2022

By adopting the polarization phase shifting and space division multiplexing in digital holographic microscopy, a reflectance quantitative phase microscopy system capable of dynamic quantitative phase imaging and depth‐resolved imaging is developed. The compact design of on‐axis near common‐path Fizeau polarization interferometry offers a single‐shot microscopy system with robust phase stability in comparison to other techniques. The proposed system has the advantages of label‐free, singleshot, and depth‐selective imaging features, which will be a prospective tool in the quantified investigations in medical diagnosis and in vivo imaging in optical phase microscopy.Further details can be found in the article by Hanzi Liu, Xiaoyan Wu, Guodong Liu, Hongliang Ren, Vinu R. V., Ziyang Chen, and Jixiong Pu (e202100400)image
Protein palmitoylation regulates extracellular vesicle production and function in sepsis
Authors: Yang Xiaoyuan , Zheng Ethan , Chatterjee Victor , Ma Yonggang , Reynolds Amanda , Villalba Nuria , Wu Mack H. , Yuan Sarah Y. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are bioactive membrane‐encapsulated particles generated by a series of events involving membrane budding, fission and fusion. Palmitoylation, mediated by DHHC palmitoyl acyltransferases, is a lipidation reaction that increases protein lipophilicity and membrane localization. Here, we report palmitoylation as a novel regulator of EV formation and function during sepsis. Our results showed significantly decreased circulating EVs in mice with DHHC21 functional deficiency (Zdhhc21dep/dep), compared to wild‐type (WT) mice 24 h after septic injury. Furthermore, WT and Zdhhc21dep/dep EVs displayed distinct palmitoyl‐proteomic profiles. Ingenuity pathway analysis indicated that sepsis altered several inflammation related pathways expressed in EVs, among which the most significantly activated was the complement pathway; however, this sepsis‐induced complement enrichment in EVs was greatly blunted in Zdhhc21dep/dep EVs. Functionally, EVs isolated from WT mice with sepsis promoted neutrophil adhesion, transmigration, and neutrophil extracellular trap production; these effects were significantly attenuated by DHHC21 loss‐of‐function. Furthermore, Zdhhc21dep/dep mice displayed reduced neutrophil infiltration in lungs and improved survival after CLP challenges. These findings indicate that blocking palmitoylation via DHHC21 functional deficiency can reduce sepsis‐stimulated production of complement‐enriched EVs and attenuates their effects on neutrophil activity.
Impact of photoperiod on uterine redox/inflammatory and metabolic status of golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus
Authors: Pal Sriparna , Haldar Chandana , Verma Rakesh 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPhotoperiod modulates reproductive physiology at multiple levels in seasonally breeding animals. Golden hamsters are long‐day breeders that diminish their fertility during the short days. Photoperiod is known to regulate hormonal milieu and uterus is a hormone‐sensitive dynamic tissue. However, there is lack of molecular insight regarding the impact of photoperiod on uterine physiology with respect to redox and metabolic status in Mesocricetus auratus. We evaluated the impact of photoperiod on circulatory hormonal parameters (triiodothyronine [T3], thyroxin [T4], estradiol [E2], progesterone [P4], melatonin, and insulin), their receptor expressions and key markers associated with redox (SIRT‐1/FOXO‐1), inflammatory (NFĸB/COX‐2) and metabolic (IR/GLUT4) status in uterus. Adult female golden hamsters were exposed to different photoperiodic regimes, that is, short photoperiod (SP; 8L:16D) and long photoperiod (LP; 16L:8D) for 12 weeks. SP drastically decreased peripheral hormone profiles (T3, T4, E2, and P4) and compromised uterine histoarchitecture when compared with LP‐exposed hamsters. Further, SP markedly decreased thyroid hormone receptor‐α (TRα), insulin receptor, and glucose uptake transporter‐4 (GLUT‐4) expressions in uterus. We noted enhanced uterine oxidative (increased MDA and decreased SOD/CAT levels), SIRT‐1/FOXO‐1 expression and inflammatory (NFĸB/COX‐2) load in SP condition. Further, elevated levels of circulatory insulin, melatonin, and its receptor (MT‐1) expression in uterus was noted under SP condition. Thus, we may suggest that photoperiod might regulate uterine seasonality through modulation of local hormonal and redox/metabolic homeostasis thereby may restrict offspring bearing capacity under short days.
農薬によりエチレングリコール中毒を来した1例(A case of ethylene glycol intoxication caused by the pesticides)
Authors: (Kyohei Maeno) 前野 恭平 , (Kasumi Satoh) 佐藤 佳澄 , (Manabu Okuyama) 奥山 学 , (Nobuhisa Hirasawa) 平澤 暢史 , (Kenji Yoshida) 吉田 健二 , (Hajime Nakae) 中永 士師明 
Published: July 2022

要旨本邦におけるエチレングリコール中毒は比較的稀であり，農薬によってエチレングリコール中毒を来した症例報告はない。本症例は70歳代の女性。除草剤「バッチリ® フロアブル」を450mL飲用し当院に救急搬送された。来院時はJapan coma scale I–1，酸塩基平衡は保たれ，浸透圧ギャップの上昇はなかった。除草剤の外装にはイマゾスルフロン，ピラクロニル，ブロモブチド水和剤と表記されており，当初はこれらによる影響の経過観察目的に集中治療室に入室した。第2病日，急性腎障害のため持続的血液濾過透析（CHDF）を開始した。中毒情報センターからの情報を参考に除草剤によるエチレングリコール中毒と考えられた。腎機能は速やかに改善し第4病日にCHDを離脱，第5病日に精神科病棟へ転棟転出した。これまで農薬によってエチレングリコール中毒を来した報告はなく，本例が本邦で初である。農薬摂取者においてもエチレングリコール中毒の可能性を想定し早期に診断することで，特異的治療につなげることができる可能性がある。
COVID–19流行下における自殺企図患者の推移(Changes in suicide attempt patients during the COVID–19 pandemic)
Authors: (Akihiro Kato) 加藤 明裕 , (Hiroyuki Kayata) 茅田 洋之 , (Shino Beika) 米花 紫乃 , (Hideaki Yakushiji) 藥師寺 秀明 , (Masanori Morita) 森田 正則 , (Yasuki Nakata) 中田 康城 , (Asako Matsushima) 松嶋 麻子 
Published: July 2022

要旨【目的】COVID–19流行下において救急搬送された自殺企図患者の特徴を調査し，パンデミックが自殺に与える影響を検討する。【対象】2020年1月から12月をCOVID–19流行期，2018年1月から2019年12月までの2年間をCOVID–19非流行期として，当院救命救急センターに搬送された自殺企図および自殺既遂患者の年齢，性別，精神科通院歴，自殺手段を調査した。2020年と2019年については自殺企図者の同居家族，経済問題，就労，精神科診断についても調査した。さらに流行期については，20歳ごとの年代別，月別患者数を調査して，COVID–19新規患者数と比較した。【結果】2020年の自殺企図患者数は20代以下が39%を占めており，COVID–19非流行期の27%と比較して若年者の割合が増加していた。2020年の月別患者数の変化では，年代に関係なく，COVID–19新規感染者数が増加している時期には自殺企図患者は少なく，新規感染者数が減少した時期に自殺企図患者数の増加がみられた。自殺既遂についても同様の傾向がみられた。【結語】COVID–19の流行期では，若年者の自殺企図が増加した。また，流行期における自殺企図者数はCOVID–19新規感染者数の増減と逆の変動を示した。今後，パンデミックが自殺企図に与える影響をさらに解析する必要がある。
重症COVID–19におけるデルタ株流行の影響と予後：単施設後方視研究(Prognostic impact of delta variant in COVID–19 patients requiring mechanical ventilation in comparison with other variants: a single center retrospective analysis)
Authors: (Fumito Kato) 加藤 史人 , (Keigo Sekihara) 関原 圭吾 , (Tatsuya Okamoto) 岡本 竜哉 , (Reo Iguma) 井熊　 玲央 , (Tomohiro Kojimahara) 小島原 知大 , (Tatsuki Uemura) 植村 樹 , (Akio Kimura) 木村 昭夫 
Published: July 2022

要旨【背景】COVID–19は変異株ごとに感染性や毒性が異なる。デルタ株による第5波では重症者，死者数が増加した。第5波における重症患者の臨床的特徴と治療成績を明らかにすることを目的とした。【方法】2020年2月から2021年9月までに当院でCOVID–19による呼吸不全で人工呼吸器を使用した53例を対象とした。2020年2月から2021年6月までの第1～4波と2021年7月から10月までの第5波の2群に分け，後方視的に全生存期間を比較した。観察期間中央値は90日。【結果】第1～4波は40例，第5波は13例，全例ワクチン未接種であった。第1～4波ではL452R変異は検出されず，第5波では10例（77%）だった。年齢中央値は68歳vs. 56歳（第1～4波vs. 第5波，P<0.01），BMIは27 vs. 30（P=0.02），P/F比は136 vs. 80（P<0.01），入院までの日数は6日vs. 8日（P=0.03）と有意差を認めた。全生存期間では90日生存率が71% vs. 37%（P<0.01）と第5波が予後不良であった。多変量解析では第1～4波に対して第5波は生存率悪化に影響を及ぼしていた（HR 6.35，95%CI 1.96–20.6）。【結語】第1～4波に比べ第5波の重症COVID–19患者は若年にも関わらず，救命率が低かった。デルタ株の影響，搬送困難による治療の遅れが示唆された。