bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and validation of an autophagy-related gene signature for predicting prognosis in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Shi Xiaobo , Li You , Pan Shupei , Liu Xiaoxiao , Ke Yue , Guo Wei , Wang Yuchen , Ruan Qinli , Zhang Xiaozhi , Ma Hongbing 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the main subtype of esophageal cancer. Since autophagy-related genes (ARGs) play a key role in the pathogenesis of many tumors, including ESCC, the purpose of this study is to establish an autophagy-related prognostic risk signature based on ARGs expression profile, and to provide a new method for improving prediction of clinical outcomes. We obtained the expression profiles of ESCC from public data (GSE53625) and extracted the portion of ARGs. Differential expression analysis and enrichment analysis were performed to confirm abnormal autophagy-related biological functions. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed on RNA microarray data (GSE53625) to construct a prognostic risk signature associated with autophagy. The performance of the model was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, survival analysis and Brier score. The model was subjected to bootstrap internal validation. The potential molecular mechanism of gene signature was explored by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Spearman correlation coefficient examined the correlation between risk score and immune status and ferroptosis. The expression levels of genes and proteins were validated by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry in ESCC cell lines and ESCC tissues. We constructed and validated an autophagy-related prognostic risk signature in 179 patients with ESCC. The long-term survival of patients in high-risk group was lower than that in low-risk group (log-rank, P value < 0.001). ROC analysis and Brier score confirmed the reliability of the signature. GSEA results showed significant enrichment of cancer- and autophagy-related signaling pathways in the high-risk ESCC patients and immunoregulatory signaling pathways in the low-risk ESCC patients. Correlation analysis showed that the risk signature can effectively predict the effect of immunotherapy. About 33.97% (71/209) ferroptosis-related genes were significantly correlated with risk scores. Finally, the results of qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry experiments were consistent with bioinformatics analysis. In brief, we constructed a novel autophagy-related gene signature (VIM, UFM1, TSC2, SRC, MEFV, CTTN, CFTR and CDKN1A), which could improve the prediction of clinical outcomes in patients with ESCC.
NPY1R exerts inhibitory action on estradiol-stimulated growth and predicts endocrine sensitivity and better survival in ER-positive breast cancer
Authors: Bhat Raksha , Thangavel Hariprasad , Abdulkareem Noor Mazin , Vasaikar Suhas , De Angelis Carmine , Bae Leon , Cataldo Maria Letizia , Nanda Sarmistha , Fu Xiaoyong , Zhang Bing , Schiff Rachel , Trivedi Meghana V. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractG Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) represent the largest superfamily of cell-surface proteins. However, the expression and function of majority of GPCRs remain unexplored in breast cancer (BC). We interrogated the expression and phosphorylation status of 398 non-sensory GPCRs using the landmark BC proteogenomics and phosphoproteomic dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Neuropeptide Y Receptor Y1 (NPY1R) gene and protein expression were significantly higher in Luminal A tumors versus other BC subtypes. The trend of NPY1R gene, protein, and phosphosite (NPY1R-S368s) expression was decreasing in the order of Luminal A, Luminal B, Basal, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) subtypes. NPY1R gene expression increased in response to estrogen and reduced with endocrine therapy in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) BC cells and xenograft models. Conversely, NPY1R expression decreased in ER+ BC cells resistant to endocrine therapies (estrogen deprivation, tamoxifen, and fulvestrant) in vitro and in vivo. NPY treatment reduced estradiol-stimulated cell growth, which was reversed by NPY1R antagonist (BIBP-3226) in ER+ BC cells. Higher NPY1R gene expression predicted better relapse-free survival and overall survival in ER+ BC. Our study demonstrates that NPY1R mediates the inhibitory action of NPY on estradiol-stimulated growth of ER+ BC cells, and its expression serves as a biomarker to predict endocrine sensitivity and survival in ER+ BC patients.
Effects of white matter hyperintensities distribution and clustering on late-life cognitive impairment
Authors: Jiménez-Balado Joan , Corlier Fabian , Habeck Christian , Stern Yaakov , Eich Teal 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWhite matter hyperintensities (WMH) are a key hallmark of subclinical cerebrovascular disease and are known to impair cognition. Here, we parcellated WMH using a novel system that segments WMH based on both lobar regions and distance from the ventricles, dividing the brain into a coordinate system composed of 36 distinct parcels (‘bullseye’ parcellation), and then investigated the effect of distribution on cognition using two different analytic approaches. Data from a well characterized sample of healthy older adults (58 to 84 years) who were free of dementia were included. Cognition was evaluated using 12 computerized tasks, factored onto 4 indices representing episodic memory, speed of processing, fluid reasoning and vocabulary. We first assessed the distribution of WMH according to the bullseye parcellation and tested the relationship between WMH parcellations and performance across the four cognitive domains. Then, we used a data-driven approach to derive latent variables within the WMH distribution, and tested the relation between these latent components and cognitive function. We observed that different, well-defined cognitive constructs mapped to specific WMH distributions. Speed of processing was correlated with WMH in the frontal lobe, while in the case of episodic memory, the relationship was more ubiquitous, involving most of the parcellations. A principal components analysis revealed that the 36 bullseye regions factored onto 3 latent components representing the natural aggrupation of WMH: fronto-parietal periventricular (WMH principally in the frontal and parietal lobes and basal ganglia, especially in the periventricular region); occipital; and temporal and juxtacortical WMH (involving WMH in the temporal lobe, and at the juxtacortical region from frontal and parietal lobes). We found that fronto-parietal periventricular and temporal & juxtacortical WMH were independently associated with speed of processing and episodic memory, respectively. These results indicate that different cognitive impairment phenotypes might present with specific WMH distributions. Additionally, our study encourages future research to consider WMH classifications using parcellations systems other than periventricular and deep localizations.
Impaired neutrophil extracellular trap formation in β-thalassaemia/HbE
Authors: Thubthed Rattanawan , Siriworadetkun Sirikwan , Paiboonsukwong Kittiphong , Fucharoen Suthat , Pattanapanyasat Kovit , Vadolas Jim , Svasti Saovaros , Chaichompoo Pornthip 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNeutrophil dysfunction contributes to a high susceptibility to severe bacterial infection which is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in β-thalassaemia/HbE, especially in splenectomised patients. This study demonstrated another abnormality of neutrophil function, namely neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in splenectomised and non-splenectomised β-thalassaemia/HbE patients who had iron overload. A classification system of morphological NET formation using confocal microscopy was developed, and samples were categorized into early and late phases which were subdivided into web-like and non-web structures. At baseline, neutrophils from non-splenectomised patients (58 ± 4%) and splenectomised patients (65 ± 3%) had higher early phase NETs than those from normal subjects (33 ± 1%). As a mimic of iron overload and infection, haemin/PMA/LPS treatment led to a significant reduction of early NETs and an increase of late NETs in neutrophils from normal and non-splenectomised patients. Interestingly, neutrophils from splenectomised patients had impaired development of late NETs. This suggests that during infection bacteria might not be trapped and may spread from the site of infection resulting in higher susceptibility to severe bacterial infection in splenectomised patients.
Validity and Reliability of Turkish Version of the Auditory Behavior in Everyday Life Questionnaire
Authors: Özses Merve , Ozbal Batuk Merve , Yilmaz Isikhan Selen , Cicek Cinar Betul 
Published: February 2022

Purpose:
This study aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Auditory Behavior in Everyday Life (ABEL) questionnaire.

Method:
The ABEL questionnaire was translated into Turkish using the “back-translation” method. The study included 130 parents of children with cochlear implantation, and 126 parents of children with typical hearing were included as a control group. In the study group, there were 62 unilateral and 68 bilateral cochlear implant (CI) users. The age at implantation ranged from 1 to 10 years, as they have substantial auditory skills. The participants' parents completed the ABEL individually, and 73 parents (28, study group; 45, control group) completed the ABEL again for test–retest reliability. Construct validity was tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and internal consistency was tested using Cronbach's alpha. Spearman's correlation test was used to assess the external validity of the total and all subscales of the ABEL and the Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (MAIS). Test–retest reliability was measured using the intraclass correlation coefficient.

Results:
The Cronbach's α values for subscales ranged from .67 to .89, and the value was .93 (excellent) for the overall scale. External validity analyses showed moderate to strong correlations between the total and subscale scores of the ABEL and the MAIS, indicating high external validity. According to the CFA findings, the construct validity of the Turkish version of the ABEL was satisfactory. For the three-factor structure, the goodness-of-fit indices revealed a good fit, and only the normed fit index revealed an acceptable fit.

Conclusion:
The Turkish version of the ABEL is a reliable and valid assessment tool for children with CIs.
Performance of MPSK modulation with imperfect phase‐recovery under severe fading conditions
Authors: Silva Pedro Emílio Gória , de Souza Rausley Adriano Amaral , Nardelli Pedro Juliano , Moualeu Jules Merlin Mouatcho , da Costa Daniel Benevides 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe authors study the performance of M‐ary phase‐shift keying (MPSK) modulation with imperfect carrier phase recovery in scenarios experiencing severe fading conditions. Specifically, MPSK is analysed over ‐ Extreme fading channels assuming a Gaussian‐distributed noisy phase. For the theoretical framework, they derive the analytical expressions for the upper bound on the average symbol error probability, as well as their corresponding asymptotic behaviour in the high signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) regime. The derived expressions are valid for arbitrary values of the fading parameter , and Monte Carlo simulations are provided to verify the accuracy of the proposed mathematical analysis. Furthermore, the authors discuss how the channel parameter and phase variance affect the system performance for a wide range of SNR values.
Mirror invariant convolutional neural networks for image classification
Authors: Lu Shufang , Li Yan , Wang Minqian , Gao Fei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDeep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) have been developed rapidly and they perform well on both classification and object detection tasks. However, its strong performance makes people ignore to study the invariance of the DCNNs, such as mirror invariance. In fact, the ability of DCNNs in handling mirror‐symmetrical images remains limited. In this paper, a mirror transformation convolutional layer is proposed, which transforms several feature maps to produce mirror‐symmetrical feature maps based on the traditional convolutional layer. By combining with the mirror transformation convolutional layer, the DCNNs will have mirror invariance and the performance of neural networks can be improved on classification tasks. A dataset for driver's and passenger's seatbelt detection has been collected, which is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed convolutional layer. In the experiments, one of the state‐of‐the‐art DCNNs, GoogLeNet, is collaborated with the mirror transformation convolutional layer to form a mirror invariant networks (MINets). The experimental results show that the MINets can achieve better classification performance than the original GoogLeNet. MINets can also reduce the risk of over‐fitting caused by applying data augmentations to the dataset.
A physics‐based turn off model and its output‐characteristic analysing expressions of high‐voltage soft‐punch through IGBTs under extreme SOA conditions
Authors: Zhang Xiong , Zhuo Chaoran , Yang Xu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA physics‐based turn off model and its output characteristic analysing expressions have been investigated for the high voltage soft‐punch through IGBTs under extreme SOA (safe operating area) conditions to depict the excellent soft turn‐off behaviour in this paper. The main contributions have been made as the followings: (1) Based on the interior structure and features, one virtual capacitor and two Zener diodes are respectively employed to model its dynamic avalanche characteristic and switching self‐clamping mode. (2) By using the user datasheet and typical experimental waveforms, a parameter estimation approach is developed. (3) To simulate extreme SOA turn‐off waveforms of the IGBT by using MATLAB and MATHCAD program, the piece‐wise analysing expressions have been given out to simulate the output voltage and current characteristics. The new model and its analysing expressions have been validated with experiments. The simulation results show a good agreement with its experimental waveforms.
Reliability analysis of PV generating systems in the islanded DC microgrid under dynamic and transient operation
Authors: Kuo Tsai‐Chi , Pham Trang Thi , Huang Po‐Tsang , Nguyen Hung Tan , Bui Duong Minh , Le Phuc Duy 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDynamic fluctuations in the PV‐source power and different DC‐fault scenarios in the off‐grid PV‐battery‐based DC microgrid could lead to a rapid decrease in the reliability of the PV‐generating system. To make this viewpoint clearer, this paper proposes a novel reliability‐evaluating methodology for PV‐generating systems in the islanded DC microgrid under dynamic and transient operation conditions. Firstly, the dynamic‐voltage‐varying failure rate (DVVFR) and the fault‐current‐varying failure rate (FCVFR) of a PV‐generating system in the off‐grid DC microgrid are formulated. The DVVFR mainly depends on dynamic fluctuations in the PV‐source power and the load power, whereas the FCVFR mostly represents the failure probability due to pole‐to‐pole and pole‐to‐ground faults in the DC microgrid. Then, a possible combination of the used‐time‐varying failure rate (TVFR), the power‐loss and temperature‐dependent failure rate, the DVVFR, and the FCVFR is proposed for evaluating the system‐level and component‐level reliability of PV‐generating sources. Finally, Markov‐state transition diagrams and Chapman–Kolmogorov equations are derived and applied for the PV‐system reliability assessment in the off‐grid PV‐battery‐based DC microgrid. Experimental results are analysed to reveal that the operation of DC‐DC power converters dominates the PV‐system reliability under the dynamic and transient operation. The DVVFR of the PV system is mostly smaller than its FCVFR, however, the system‐level reliability of the PV‐generating source is significantly reduced by dynamic‐voltage‐fluctuating cases due to the more frequent repetition of these dynamic cases. Moreover, the MTTF and MTBF of the PV‐generating system could also be dramatically decreased by the dynamic and transient operation of the DC microgrid.
Embryonic Development of the Orbit
Authors: Gaca Piotr Jakub , Lewandowicz Michael , Lipczynska-Lewandowska Malgorzata , Simon Michael , Matos Philomena A. Wawer , Doulis Alexandros , Rokohl Alexander C. , Heindl Ludwig M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe embryonic and fetal development of the orbit comprises a series of sequential
events, starting with the fertilization of the ovum and extending until birth.
Most of the publications dealing with orbital morphogenesis describe the
sequential development of each germinal layer, the ectoderm with its
neuroectoderm derivative and the mesoderm. This approach provides a clear
understanding of the mode of development of each layer but does not give the
reader a general picture of the structure of the orbit within any specified time
frame. In order to enhance our understanding of the developmental anatomy of the
orbit, the authors have summarized the recent developments in orbital
morphogenesis, a temporally precise and morphogenetically intricate process.
Understanding this multidimensional process of development in prenatal life,
identifying and linking signaling cascades, as well as the regulatory genes
linked to existing diseases, may pave the way for advanced molecular diagnostic
testing, developing minimally invasive interventions, and the use of
progenitor/stem cell and even regenerative therapy.
Chiral Calcium Phosphate Catalyzed Enantioselective Synthesis of All-Carbon Quaternary Center by Friedel–Crafts Alkylation Reaction of Pyrroles and Trifluoromethylated Nitrostyrenes
Authors: Akiyama Takahiko , Uchikura Tatsuhiro , Yokohama Sosuke , Murakami Mona 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA chiral calcium phosphate-catalyzed enantioselective Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction of pyrroles and α-trifluoromethyl-β-nitrostyrenes has been developed. Pyrroles bearing an all-carbon quaternary center at 2-position were obtained with high to excellent enantioselectivity. Use of 4,7-dihydroindole as a nucleophile and subsequent oxidation resulted in the formation a 2-substituted indole derivative with excellent enantioselectivity. A 3,4-dihydropyrrolo[1,2-c]pyrimidine derivative was successfully synthesized by reduction followed by benzoylation of the product without loss of enantioselectivity. Application to a 1 mmol scale reaction was successfully achieved.
Ewing Sarcoma in the Sciatic Nerve: Case Report
Authors: Marques Robinson Antonio Menegotto , Marques Adriana Hernandez , Marques Amanda Hernandez 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEwing sarcoma (ES) is a malignant neoplasm that affects bones and soft tissues, usually in young patients. Currently, ES is grouped with other tumors that share the same histological and genotypic characteristics, forming the Ewing Sarcoma Family of Tumors (ESFT), which includes ES of bone, extraosseous ES (peripheral neuroepithelioma), Askin tumor, and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET). Its origin in peripheral nerves is extremely rare, making its diagnosis and treatment very challenging. We describe a case of a 27-year-old male with extraosseous ES originating in the sciatic nerve, which was surgically removed, and discuss the difficulties encountered in the management of this patient.
Tissue Factor Expression in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma: Association with Angiogenesis and Clinical and Pathological Aspects
Authors: Fillmann Lúcio Sarubbi , Fillmann Laura Pinho , Oliveira Leonardo Zarpelon de , Fillmann Henrique Sarubbi , Carvalhal Gustavo Franco 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction Tissue factor (TF) expression has been described in various neoplasms and was correlated with angiogenesis and metastases.
Objectives To describe TF expression in colorectal cancers, correlating it with microvessel density and clinical and pathological variables.
Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to determine TF expression and microvessel density. The Student t-test was used to compare high and low TF expression with microvessel density and with age. The chi-squared test was used for other comparisons, and Kaplan-Meier curves were used for survival analyses.
Results Forty-three patients were operated with curative intent. Their mean age was 58.1 ± 12.6 years old, and 62.8% were male. The rectum was the most common location (60,4%), and most tumors reached the serosa and peri-intestinal fat (72.1%). Lymph nodes were positive in 46.5%, and 72.1% of the tumors were moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas. Death occurred in 27.6 ± 12.8 months in 51.1% of the patients who had recurrence. Tissue factor expression was intense in 88.4%. There was a positive correlation between TF expression and microvessel density (p = 0.02), and between TF and older age (p < 0.01). There was no correlation between TF expression and other variables (gender, histological type, penetration into the intestinal wall, and lymphatic and systemic metastases). Tissue factor expression did not correlate with survival.
Conclusion Tissue factor expression correlated with increased microvessel density and older age. Further studies are necessary to ascertain the clinical relevance of TF in colorectal cancer.
A Comparison between Different Management Surgical Approaches in the Treatment of Splenic Flexure Colon Cancer
Authors: El-Hendawy Elsayed I. , Amin Mohamed Farouk , Fahmy Ahmed M. , Alattar Ahmed Z. , Elshorbagy Shereen , Harb Ola A. , Gomaa Ahmed Fathy , Embaby Ahmed , Elsayed Ahmed M. , Osman Gamal , Ali Ramadan M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background There are many surgical approaches which described extent of resection of the colon for adequate surgical management of splenic flexure cancer, but up till now there is no established surgical procedure, this is because the presence of double lymphatic drainage of the mesenteric vessels. Segmental resection of the colon for the management of splenic flexure cancer was a recently accepted surgical procedure.
Objective In the present study, we aimed to compare three surgical management techniques to clarify the best management approach of Egyptian patients with splenic flexure cancer regarding operative, clinical, and oncological outcomes: segmental resection, and extended left or right hemicolectomy,.
Materials and Methods In the present study, we included 90 patients with splenic flexure cancer. Cases were divided into 3 groups. Each group included 30 patients in order to compare three surgical techniques: segmental resection, extended left hemicolectomy, and extended right hemicolectomy.
Results We have found no statistically significant differences between the three included groups regarding operative findings, postoperative complications, local recurrence, distant recurrence, disease progression, recurrence-free survival rate, progression-free survival rate, and overall survival rate. The operative time was longer, and the number of lymph nodes was higher in the extended right hemicolectomy group (p < 0.001).
Conclusion We have shown that segmental resection of the splenic flexure is surgically and clinically suitable for the adequate management of operable cases of carcinoma of the splenic flexure.