bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selbstbestimmung und Gesundheitszustand – eine Pfadanalyse in der kardiologischen Rehabilitation
Authors: Mitgutsch Valentina , Stummer Harald 
Published: August 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Selbstbestimmung ist zu einem essenziellen Bestandteil der Behandlung von Patientinnen und Patienten mit chronischen Erkrankungen geworden, insbesondere in der medizinischen Rehabilitation. Die Aktivierung von Patientinnen und Patienten gilt dabei als der zuverlässigste Indikator für die Fähigkeit der Personen, ihre Gesundheit selbstständig zu managen. Nur wenige Studien haben versucht, die Rolle psychosozialer Faktoren bei der Förderung der Aktivierung von Patientinnen und Patienten zu bewerten, keine von ihnen im Rahmen der medizinischen Rehabilitation.

Zielsetzung
Ziel dieser Querschnittstudie ist es, die Auswirkungen der Aktivierung von Patientinnen und Patienten auf den wahrgenommenen Gesundheitszustand sowie die Auswirkungen von Motivation und Qualität der Beziehung zwischen Behandelnden und Rehabilitationsteilnehmenden auf die Aktivierung von Patientinnen und Patienten in der kardialen Rehabilitation zu testen.

Methode
Mittels Fragebogen werden 128 Patientinnen und Patienten in der kardiologischen Rehabilitation zur Aktivierung, zum Gesundheitszustand, zu ihrer Motivation und zur Qualität der Rehabilitationsteilnehmende-Behandelnde-Beziehung befragt. Zur Überprüfung der vorgeschlagenen Hypothesen wird eine Pfadanalyse verwendet.

Ergebnisse
Bezugnehmend auf das operationalisierte Modell bestätigen die Ergebnisse, dass die Aktivierung der Patientinnen und Patienten einen signifikanten Einfluss auf ihren wahrgenommenen Gesundheitszustand hat. Darüber hinaus erweisen sich psychosoziale Aspekte wie die Bereitschaft zur Veränderung und die Qualität der Rehabilitationsteilnehmenden-Behandelnden-Beziehung als Faktoren, die den Grad der Aktivierung von Patientinnen und Patienten beeinflussen.

Schlussfolgerung
In Übereinstimmung mit früheren Untersuchungen zeigen die Ergebnisse dieser Studie, wie wichtig die Aktivierung von Patientinnen und Patienten für die Verbesserung der Versorgungsqualität ist. Die Ergebnisse liefern einen theoretischen Beitrag zu Teilen des Modells der Selbstbestimmung in der medizinischen Rehabilitation.
In-situ synthesis of gadolinium niobate quasi-binary composites with balanced mechanical and thermal properties for thermal barrier coatings
Authors: Han Yi , Zong Peng-an , Huang Muzhang , Yang Zesheng , Feng Yingjie , Pan Wei , Zhang Peng , Wan Chunlei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractYttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) has been used as a thermal barrier coating (TBC) material in gas turbines for several decades. Although continuous efforts have been made to develop novel TBC materials that can work at a higher temperature, no single material other than YSZ has all the desired attributes for the TBCs. In this paper, we report the in-situ synthesis of quasi-binary GdNbO4/Gd3NbO7 composites based on the simple Gd2O3-Nb2O5 binary phase diagram. The fracture toughness of these quasi-binary composites is remarkably enhanced compared with the value predicted by the rule of mixtures because the ferroelastic domain switching is more activated due to the residual stress in the quasi-binary composites, which triggers more crack defections due to the enlarged process zone. Additionally, the Gd3NbO7 phase provides a low thermal conductivity due to the substantial chemical inhomogeneity, which diffuses phonons. Gd3NbO7/GdNbO4 exhibits a balanced thermal conductivity of 1.6 W/(m·K) at 1073 K and a toughness value of 2.76 MPa·m0.5, and these values are among the best comprehensive properties that have been obtained for new TBC materials. The work demonstrates a feasible approach of designing a new TBC material with balanced properties and can be easily fabricated.
MOF-Transformed In2O3-x@C Nanocorn Electrocatalyst for Efficient CO2 Reduction to HCOOH
Authors: Qiu Chen , Qian Kun , Yu Jun , Sun Mingzi , Cao Shoufu , Gao Jinqiang , Yu Rongxing , Fang Lingzhe , Yao Youwei , Lu Xiaoqing , Li Tao , Huang Bolong , Yang Shihe 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFor electrochemical CO2 reduction to HCOOH, an ongoing challenge is to design energy efficient electrocatalysts that can deliver a high HCOOH current density (JHCOOH) at a low overpotential. Indium oxide is good HCOOH production catalyst but with low conductivity. In this work, we report a unique corn design of In2O3-x@C nanocatalyst, wherein In2O3-x nanocube as the fine grains dispersed uniformly on the carbon nanorod cob, resulting in the enhanced conductivity. Excellent performance is achieved with 84% Faradaic efficiency (FE) and 11 mA cm−2JHCOOH at a low potential of − 0.4 V versus RHE. At the current density of 100 mA cm−2, the applied potential remained stable for more than 120 h with the FE above 90%. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the abundant oxygen vacancy in In2O3-x has exposed more In3+ sites with activated electroactivity, which facilitates the formation of HCOO* intermediate. Operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy also confirms In3+ as the active site and the key intermediate of HCOO* during the process of CO2 reduction to HCOOH.
Strengthening Socio-Emotional Learning in Aotearoa New Zealand: Teacher and Whānau Understandings of Wellbeing
Authors: Denston Amanda , Martin Rachel , Fickel Letitia Hochstrasser , O’Toole Veronica 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInternational data provide evidence of the strong association between socio-emotional learning and wellbeing in students. However, while socio-emotional learning programmes are generally viewed as effective in developing socio-emotional capacities in students, culture is rarely considered within frameworks underpinning such programmes. In Aotearoa New Zealand, the high variability found in schools relating to approaches to develop wellbeing likely reflects universalistic conceptualisations of wellbeing and the low consideration for culture and language in socio-emotional learning. This indicates the need to develop a framework for socio-emotional learning that reflects the context of Aotearoa New Zealand. In the current article, we explore the socio-emotional understandings of teachers, and families and Māori whānau through wānanga and intentional noticing within a design-based research methodology to inform the development of a co-constructed framework for socio-emotional learning. Crucial to socio-emotional learning were the relationships between students, teachers, families and Māori whānau across the learning pathway. Relationships were viewed as being underpinned by communication skills and holding understandings of emotions and emotional states. Overall, culture, language, and identity were viewed by as fundamental to wellbeing and should be at the fore of frameworks for socio-emotional learning, which should be localised within Indigenous understandings of wellbeing.
Smart data preprocessing method for remote vehicle diagnostics to increase data compression efficiency
Authors: Görne Lorenz , Reuss Hans-Christian , Krätschmer Andreas , Sauerwald Ralf 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe increasing number of functions in modern vehicle leads to an exponential increase in software complexity. The validity and reliability of all components must be ensured, making the use of appropriate vehicle diagnostics systems indispensable. The purpose of such systems is to collect and process data about the vehicle. To find issues during vehicle development, the OEMs will usually have a development fleet of thousands of vehicles. The challenge for diagnostic systems is to detect issues during these tests, as well as collecting as much data as possible about the circumstances that led to the fault. A single-vehicle produces hundreds of gigabytes of data per month. The required data bandwidth cannot be fulfilled by current mobile network subscriptions as well as WIFI or cable-based infrastructure. This limits the amount of data that can be collected during field tests and hinders big data analysis like AI training or validation. Hence a software solution for data reduction is necessary. The authors present a method for data handling that drastically reduces the amount of data consumption and optimizes the transfer delay between a remote-diagnostic systems and the cloud. Using a pipeline of data preprocessing as well as an established compression algorithm, the amount of transmitted data is reduced by a factor of nearly ten. This method will allow to collect more data in field testing and improve the understanding of issues during vehicle development.
Does sending Safety Toolbox Talks by text message to Residential Construction Supervisors increase Safety Meeting Compliance?
Authors: Rice Sean P.M. , Rimby Jarred , Hurtado David A , Gilbert - Jones Illa , Olson Ryan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractConstruction is one of the most dangerous occupations in the U.S. Within the industry, residential construction workers are at elevated risk for worksite injury and death, yet are rarely the focus of safety research and intervention. Conducting regular safety meetings has been identified as a key practice of construction companies with lower injury rates, and thus, there is a need for evidence-based tactics that increase compliance with this preventive practice. The current project was designed to evaluate whether distributing construction safety toolbox talks about workplace fatalities to supervisors by mobile phone would increase their compliance with the Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s (OR-OSHA) standard for conducting at least one safety meeting each month. A sample of residential construction supervisors in Oregon (N = 56) were recruited and received a link to a toolbox talk by text message every two weeks for three months. Evaluation surveys were completed by supervisors before and after participating. Supervisors’ adherence to the OR-OSHA safety meeting standard improved by 19.39% during the text message period. However, self-reported safety communication quality and supervisor-rated employee safety performance did not significantly change. Supervisors indicated that they generally appreciated the mobile toolbox talk format, would like to receive them in the future, and would recommend them to other supervisors. Mobile delivery of toolbox talks may increase construction supervisors’ compliance with safety meeting standards. However, studies that replicate or extend this research are needed to confirm the safety meeting effect observed, and further advance efforts to reduce injury rates in the residential construction industry.
On the global regularity for minimizers of variational integrals: splitting-type problems in 2D and extensions to the general anisotropic setting
Authors: Bildhauer Michael , Fuchs Martin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe mainly discuss superquadratic minimization problems for splitting-type variational integrals on a bounded Lipschitz domain $$\Omega \subset {\mathbb {R}}^2$$

Ω
⊂

R

2

and prove higher integrability of the gradient up to the boundary by incorporating an appropriate weight-function measuring the distance of the solution to the boundary data. As a corollary, the local Hölder coefficient with respect to some improved Hölder continuity is quantified in terms of the function $${\text {dist}}(\cdot ,\partial \Omega )$$

dist
(
·
,
∂
Ω
)

.The results are extended to anisotropic problems without splitting structure under natural growth and ellipticity conditions. In both cases we argue with variants of Caccioppoli’s inequality involving small weights.
Forty-year-old beet ringspot virus isolate: tests for potato true seed transmission, genome sequencing, recombination analysis and phylogenetic placement
Authors: Jones Roger A. C. , Fowkes Aimee R. , McGreig Sam , Fox Adrian , Adams Ian P. 
Published: August 2022

SummaryBeet ringspot virus (BRSV) isolate IF came from a 1980 bait test on a Scottish soil sample. Between 1982 and 1984, it was used to study possible BRSV seed transmission in potato (Solanum tuberosum). To encourage flowering, potato scions were graft-inoculated onto tomato plants and these grafted plants were inoculated with IF. Flowers on BRSV-infected potato shoots were self-pollinated and their seeds collected. BRSV was found readily in pollen from these potato flowers, but never detected in any seedlings that grew from their seeds. Thus, although BRSV was present in pollen, no evidence of potato true seed transmission was obtained. In 1985, IF was preserved by freeze-drying and kept thereafter in a historical virus isolate collection. In 2020, it was subjected to high throughput sequencing and a complete genomic sequence was obtained. No recombination was detected in the IF sequence but its RNA1 and RNA2 were major parents of three, and a minor parent of one, recombinant BRSV isolates, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of the P1 and P2 components of the coat protein gene encoded on its RNA2 placed the isolate IF sequence within the BRSV lineage. However, too few other BRSV sequences from different countries were present to provide information on its geographical associations.
An Empirical Evaluation of Constrained Feature Selection
Authors: Bach Jakob , Zoller Kolja , Trittenbach Holger , Schulz Katrin , Böhm Klemens 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhile feature selection helps to get smaller and more understandable prediction models, most existing feature-selection techniques do not consider domain knowledge. One way to use domain knowledge is via constraints on sets of selected features. However, the impact of constraints, e.g., on the predictive quality of selected features, is currently unclear. This article is an empirical study that evaluates the impact of propositional and arithmetic constraints on filter feature selection. First, we systematically generate constraints from various types, using datasets from different domains. As expected, constraints tend to decrease the predictive quality of feature sets, but this effect is non-linear. So we observe feature sets both adhering to constraints and with high predictive quality. Second, we study a concrete setting in materials science. This part of our study sheds light on how one can analyze scientific hypotheses with the help of constraints.
Design of a sub-scale fan for a boundary layer ingestion test with by-pass flow
Authors: Mårtensson H. , Lejon M. , Ghosh D. , Åkerberg M. , Rasimarzabadi F. , Neuteboom M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA design of a sub-scale Boundary Layer Ingestion (BLI) fan for a transonic test rig is presented. The fan is intended to be used in flow conditions with varying distortion patterns representative of a BLI application on an aircraft. The sub-scale fan design is based on a design study of a full-scale fan for a BLI demonstration project for a Fokker 100 aircraft. CFD results from the full-scale fan design and the ingested distortion pattern from CFD analyses of the whole aircraft are used as inputs for this study. The sub-scale fan is designed to have similar performance characteristics to the full-scale fan within the capabilities of the test facility. The available geometric rig envelope in the test facility necessitates a reduction in geometric scale and consideration of the operating conditions. Fan blades and vanes are re-designed for these conditions in order to mitigate the effects of the scaling. The effects of reduced size, increased relative tip clearance and thicknesses of the blades and vanes are evaluated as part of the step-by-step adaption of the design to the sub-scale conditions. Finally, the installation effects in the rig are simulated including important effects of the by-pass flow on the running characteristics and the need to control the effective fan nozzle area in order to cover the available fan operating range. The predicted operating behaviour of the fan as installed in the coming transonic test rig gives strong indication that the sub-scale fan tests will be successful.
Constructing Moral Equality
Authors: KILLMISTER SUZY 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMoral equality—the idea that ‘we’ all have equal moral worth, our interests ought to count for the same, and we possess the same bundle of basic rights—is one of the most central principles of liberal thought, being regularly drawn on as a presupposition of moral and political inquiry. Perhaps because it is so often relied on as a presupposition, however, moral equality is more often assumed than argued for. When moral equality is argued for, the most common tactic is to appeal to some inherent property. As is well established, however, such property-based defenses of moral equality face two significant challenges: the problem of exclusion and the problem of inequality. In light of these challenges, in this article I put forward a new, revisionist account of moral equality. Taking inspiration from recent work in the social metaphysics of human kinds, I argue that moral equality ought to be seen as a component of a status that we confer on one another, rather than (grounded in) a property inherent in certain individuals. Conceiving of moral equality this way, I argue, side-steps both the problem of exclusion and the problem of natural equality.
Investigation of the imbibition/drainage of two immiscible fluids in capillaries with arbitrary axisymmetric cross-sections: a generalized model
Authors: Salama Amgad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this work, we investigate the problem of imbibition/drainage of a fluid in capillaries of arbitrary axisymmetric cross-sections filled initially with another immiscible one. The model predicts the location of the meniscus and its speed along the tube length with time. The two immiscible fluids may assume any density and viscosity contrasts. In addition, the axisymmetric profile of the tube maintains a relatively small angle of tangency to warrant that the axial velocity distribution assumes, approximately, a parabolic profile. The driving forces that may be encountered in this system include the capillary force, pressure force, gravitational force and an opposing viscous force. The orientation of the capillary force can be in the direction of the flow (e.g. during imbibition) or opposite to the flow (e.g. during drainage). Likewise, the gravitational force can be in the direction of the flow or opposite to it. In this work we account for all these possibilities. A differential equation is developed that defines the location of the meniscus with time. A fourth-order-accurate Runge–Kutta scheme has been developed to provide solutions for the different scenarios associated with this system. It is shown that the developed model reduces to those appropriate for straight tubes, which builds confidence in the modelling approach. The effects of changing the tangent along the profile of the tube, which influences the calculation of the radius of curvature of the meniscus, is also considered. Unlike the cases of straight capillary tubes, in tubes with arbitrary symmetric profiles, the friction force depends on the variations of the tube profile. Examples of converging/diverging capillary tubes that follow straight and power law profiles are investigated. In addition, the case of sinusoidal profiles has also been considered.
Teletubbies in Paradise: Tourism, Indonesianisation and Modernisation in Balinese Music
Authors: Harnish David 
Published: August 2022

Among all cultures, perhaps none were more promoted as artistic and natural paradise than Bali. Fusing the mysticism of the East with the physical splendor of the South Seas, this former “isle of bare breasts” received layers of romantic accolades over the last eighty years, not only from the tourist industry but also from such respected figures as Margaret Mead, Gregory Bateson, Walter Spies, Miguel Covarrubias, and Colin McPhee. These scholars spoke of Bali as a “special paradise”, how all Balinese are musicians and dancers, and how they are in perfect harmony with their environment and so graceful that every movement is like a dance (see DeZoete and Spies 1973 [1938] and McPhee 1970 [1938]). Such statements typified the romantic orientalism of the time. Mead (1970 [1940]: 340) later reflected upon Bali's allure:
Many Americans in the 1920s sought for an escape as single individuals from a society which denied them self-expression. Many in the 1930s sought for a formula by which we could build our society into a form which would make possible … both simple happiness and complexity of spiritual expression. Of such a dream, Bali was a fitting symbol.
Measuring and understanding death anxiety in caregivers of patients with primary brain tumor
Authors: Willis Kelcie , Ravyts Scott G. , Lanoye Autumn , Reid Morgan P. , Aslanzadeh Farah J. , Braun Sarah Ellen , Svikis Dace , Rodin Gary , Loughan Ashlee R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveCaregivers of patients with primary brain tumor (PBT) describe feeling preoccupied with the inevitability of their loved one's death. However, there are currently no validated instruments to assess death anxiety in caregivers. This study sought to examine (1) the psychometric properties of the Death and Dying Distress Scale (DADDS), adapted for caregivers (DADDS-CG), and (2) the prevalence and correlates of death anxiety in caregivers of patients with PBT.MethodsCaregivers (N = 67) of patients with PBT completed the DADDS-CG, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), Fear of Cancer Recurrence (FCR-7), and God Locus of Health Control (GLHC). Caregivers’ sociodemographic information and patients’ medical characteristics were also collected. Preliminary examination of the psychometric properties of the DADDS-CG was conducted using exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, and correlations. The prevalence and risk factors of death anxiety were assessed using frequencies, pair-wise comparisons, and correlations.ResultsFactor analysis of the DADDS-CG revealed a two-factor structure consistent with the original DADDS. The DADDS-CG demonstrated excellent internal consistency, convergent validity with the PHQ-9, GAD-7, and FCR-7, and discriminant validity with the GLHC. Over two-thirds of caregivers reported moderate-to-severe symptoms of death anxiety. Death anxiety was highest in women and caregivers of patients with high-grade PBT.Significance of resultsThe DADDS-CG demonstrates sound psychometric properties in caregivers of patients with PBT, who report high levels of death anxiety. Further research is needed to support the measure's value in clinical care and research — both in this population and other caregivers — in order to address this unmet, psychosocial need.
Pitch Angle Distribution of MeV Electrons in the Magnetosphere of Jupiter
Authors: Nénon Q. , Miller L. P. , Kollmann P. , Liuzzo L. , Pinto M. , Witasse O. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe magnetosphere of Jupiter harbors the most extreme fluxes of MeV electrons in the solar system and therefore provides a testbed of choice to understand the origin, transport, acceleration, and loss of energetic electrons in planetary magnetospheres. Along this objective, the Pitch Angle Distribution (PAD) of energetic electrons may reveal signatures of the dominant physical processes. Here, we analyze for the first time the PAD of MeV electrons observed by the Galileo‐Energetic Particle Detector (EPD) experiment in orbit around Jupiter from 1995 to 2003. We find that the MeV electron PADs observed by the integral channels of EPD appear relatively isotropic with a flux anisotropy lower than a factor of 3. Due to the relatively large angular apertures of the EPD telescopes, the actual anisotropy may be larger than the observed one. The fine anisotropy observed by Galileo‐EPD reveals persistent pancake distributions at the M‐shell of M = 9. Outward of this distance, at M = 15 and M = 20–60, MeV electron distributions have pancake, isotropic, and scattered beam field‐aligned distributions. The scattered beam distributions can either be evidence of outward adiabatic transport or may suggest that high‐latitude auroral acceleration can transiently supply as much trapped MeV electrons to the middle magnetosphere as the inward adiabatic transport of electrons from an outer equatorial reservoir.