bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chromatographic and mass spectrometric technologies for chemical analysis of Euodiae fructus: A review
Authors: Xia Hongmin , Dai Yanpeng , Zhao Chengxin , Zhang Huimin , Shi Yusheng , Lou Hongxiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionEuodiae fructus, also known as Evodiae fructus, is a popular Chinese herbal medicine derived from the dried, nearly ripe fruits of Tetradium ruticarpum (A. Juss.) T. G. Hartley. The main bioactive constituents of Euodiae fructus are alkaloids, limonoids, flavonoids, and anthraquinones. The contents of these compounds vary greatly between different plant species, geographic locations, and harvest times, which thus affect the therapeutic effects.ObjectivesWe aimed to summarize the chromatographic and mass spectrometric technologies applied for chemical analysis and quality evaluation of Euodiae fructus. Moreover, we aimed to emphasize the diverse soft ionization techniques and mass analyzers of LC‐MS methods for assessment of Euodiae fructus.MethodologyA literature study was carried out by retrieving articles published between January 1988 and December 2021 from well‐known databases, including PubMed, ASC, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, J·STAGE, Thieme, Taylor & Francis, Springer Link, Wiley Online Library, and CNKI. The chemical analysis methods were described in several categories in accordance with the used analytical techniques, including thin‐layer chromatography (TLC), high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), high‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS), capillary electrophoresis (CE), and counter‐current chromatography (CCC).ResultsThis review systematically summarizes the achievements in chemical analysis and quality evaluation of Euodiae fructus published in over three decades, covering the various chromatographic and mass spectrometric technologies applied for identification and quantification of phytochemical constituents.ConclusionThe summary serves as an important basis for future phytochemical research and implementation of quality control methods in order to ensure the efficacy and safety of Euodiae fructus.
Prescribed anti‐glaucoma medication consumption and road traffic crash
Authors: Lu Li , Contrand Benjamin , Schweitzer Cedric , Gadegbeku Blandine , Delcourt Cécile , Lagarde Emmanuel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundGlaucoma is one of the leading causes of visual impairment worldwide. Influence of visual defects associated with this condition, as well as potential side effects of anti‐glaucoma medications on driving may be a relevant traffic safety concern. This study therefore aimed to investigate whether and/or to what extent prescribed anti‐glaucoma medicine consumption is associated with increased likelihood of crash risk, and traffic crash responsibility among drivers involved in road traffic crashes.MethodsData from three French national databases were extracted and matched as part of the CESIR (a combination of studies on health and road safety) project. The sample included 201 497 drivers involved in an injurious road crash in France from July 1, 2005 to December 31, 2015, and an age‐ and sex‐matched control group (113 357 drivers) that was randomly drawn from the general population. Exposure to anti‐glaucoma medications were compared between responsible and non‐responsible drivers involved in a crash and between drivers involved in a crash and people from the control group.ResultsThe proportion of drivers with prescribed anti‐glaucoma medicine markedly increased with age. One type (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.72–0.86) and two or more types (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.68–0.98) anti‐glaucoma medicine prescriptions were less frequent in crash‐involved drivers than in controls. One type (OR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.88–1.12) and two or more types (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.82–1.33) anti‐glaucoma medicine prescriptions were not associated with crash responsibility.ConclusionOur findings are reassuring as regard to existing guidelines for safe driving for individuals using anti‐glaucoma medications. Our results also suggest that driving behavior adaptation is effective mitigating potential traffic crash risks for people diagnosed with glaucoma.
Achieving ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylenes by vanadium aroylhydrazine‐arylolates
Authors: Suo Hongyi , Faisca Phillips Ana Maria , Satrudhar Manas , Martins Luísa M. D. R. S. , G. da Silva Maria de Fátima , Pombeiro Armando J. L. , Han Mingyang , Sun Wen‐Hua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA series of vanadium(V) aroylhydrazine‐arylolates is employed in ethylene polymerization to produce ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), surprisingly extending to such coupling reactions beyond their common usage in the oxidation of hexanes and alcohols. Activated by either MAO or DMAC, the complexes V1–V3 efficiently catalyze the polymerization of ethylene into UHMWPE, that is, with an activity up to 3.37 × 106 g mol−1 h−1 (60°C) and the polyethylene obtained has a molecular weight around 3 million g mol−1, being the highest molecular weight achieved by a vanadium catalyst so far. More importantly, the significant effects of different cocatalysts are well illustrated; the catalytic system with MAO generally shows lower activity with almost one order in the magnitude than that with DMAC (0.43 vs. 3.37 × 106 g mol−1 h−1), but the polyethylenes with higher molecular weights are obtained by the system with MAO.
Cultural adaptation process of cancer‐related interventions: A step‐by‐step guide
Authors: Costas‐Muniz Rosario , Torres‐Blasco Normarie , Gany Francesca , Gonzalez Carlos J. , Galindo‐Vazquez Oscar , Bergerot Cristiane D. , Rocha‐Cadman Xiomara , Lui Florence , Lichtenthal Wendy G. , Velazquez Ana I. , Tergas Ana I. , Castro‐Figueroa Eida M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionTo contribute to the reduction and elimination of cancer‐related local and global health disparities, interventions must be culturally adapted to reach diverse cultural groups and demonstrate success in improving clinical and psychosocial outcomes. We provide step‐by‐step information on the conceptual and methodological challenges involved in culturally adapting interventions and provide guidelines, suggestions, tools, and concrete steps for implementing the process.MethodsThis article provides information, guidelines, suggestions, tools, and concrete steps, based on three rigorous models of cultural adaptations, for implementing this process, followed with examples from the field, to illustrate the conceptual and methodological challenges involved in culturally adapting interventions.ConclusionOur systematic step‐by‐step approach recommends (1) the guidance of well‐established research models; (2) use of multiple data sources and input from various stakeholders (i.e., from patients and providers); (3) qualitative and quantitative data usage and integration; (4) a steering committee with multiple perspectives, stakeholders assessments, and qualitative analyses; (5) consensus meetings; and (6) diverse representation on the steering committee and/or research team.
Interventions promoting cognitive function in patients experiencing cancer related cognitive impairment: A systematic review
Authors: Oldacres Laura , Hegarty Josephine , O'Regan Patricia , Murphy‐Coakley Noreen M , Saab Mohamad M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the effect of interventions used to enhance cognitive function in patients experiencing cancer‐related cognitive impairment.MethodsStudies including adults with a non‐metastatic cancer who have received chemotherapy as part of their treatment and who have undergone interventions targeting cancer‐related cognitive impairment were included. Studies involving patients with metastatic cancer and pre‐existing cognitive deficits were excluded. Academic Search Complete, CINAHL Plus with full text, MEDLINE, Education Full Text, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, and ERIC were searched for studies published between January 2011 and September 2022. Data extraction and quality appraisal were conducted by two authors and cross‐checked by the review team. Quality appraisal was conducted using 12 items from the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Findings were presented narratively without meta‐analysis.ResultsThirty‐one studies were included. Interventions were categorised as integrative/complementary, cognitive behavioural therapy and compensatory strategies, exercise, psychoeducational/psychosocial, brain‐training, and pharmacological. Over 100 instruments were identified, including the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy‐Cognitive, Trail Making Tests‐A and B, and instruments measuring secondary outcomes, including depression. Instruments often measured attention and concentration, language, memory, executive function, and/or patient‐reported outcomes. Improvements were reported, with most studies measuring some or various aspects of cognitive functioning and very few studies measuring all domains of cognitive functioning, making it difficult to draw definitive conclusions about effectiveness.ConclusionsVarious interventions are available to treat cancer‐related cognitive impairment. Outcome measurement was inconsistent and future research should prioritise using standardised measures. Current evidence, whilst not being definitive, suggests that certain interventions show greater promise than others, including cognitive behavioural therapy and brain training.
Early monitoring of parasitism by Aphidiinae parasitoids on the grain aphidSitobion miscanthiin wheat fields usingDNAbarcoding
Authors: Hu Xiang‐Shun , Peng Jing‐Feng , Wang Han , Han Shun‐Qin , Li Jing‐Wen , Yan Fan‐Ye , Zhou Zi‐Fang , Zhang Hao , Liu Tong‐Xian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDSitobion miscanthiis a major wheat pest at the grain‐filling stage found in China. Identifying parasitoid species and understanding parasitism rates are keys to controlling the aphidsvianatural enemies in the wheat field.RESULTSIn the present study, a method based on DNA barcoding for early determination of the community composition of Aphidiinae parasitoids and parasitism on the aphid was developed. The proposed method detectedAphidius gifuensisas the predominant parasite, with parasitism rates of 40.1 ± 2.8% in 2019 and 65.7 ± 3.7% in 2022, and found that the rate varied significantly among different wheat varieties.COIprimers efficiently amplified the Aphidiinae parasitoidsCOIfragments and amplified the aphidCOIfragments derived from parasitized (mummified)S. miscanthi. Thus, theCOIbarcode is not sufficiently specific to unambiguously detect immature parasitoids inside theirS. miscanthihosts. However, it can be used to detect the DNA extracted from mummified aphids. In contrast, the16SandLWRhprimers effectively amplified and identified the parasitoids in parasitized aphids. The16Sprimer was reliable even in the early stages of parasitism (24 h) and for DNA samples stored at −20 °C for 5 days. The three barcodes fromCOI,16S, andLWRhgenes could not clearly distinguish a few certain Aphidiinae species owing to relatively low intraspecific and interspecific diversity.CONCLUSIONThe morphological features remain indispensable when identifying Aphidiinae species. Nonetheless, theCOIand16Sprimers could be used in combination for monitoring the parasitism rates onS. miscanthiin wheat fields. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Quercetin as a cancer chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic agent: Where we stand
Authors: Boretti Alberto 
Published: November 2022

AbstractQuercetin has a wide range of potential health benefits, working as a direct or indirect agent or an adjuvant following different principles. It may be used as a generally useful or exclusive supplement, but also specifically used to treat an acute or chronic condition. Quercetin may work as a cancer chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agent, because this versatile substance, which owns antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties, may also kill cancer cells and also holds senolytic properties. While both the specific chemo‐preventive or chemotherapeutic uses as a drug need clinical trials, it may be used without any contraindication as a general chemo‐preventive supplement.
Femur development in fetal growth restriction as observed on prenatal magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Nemec S. F. , Schwarz‐Nemec U. , Prayer D. , Weber M. , Bettelheim D. , Kasprian G. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo investigate human femur development in fetal growth restriction (FGR) by analyzing femur morphometrics and distal epimetaphyseal features on prenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).MethodsThis was a retrospective study of 111 fetuses (mean gestational age (GA), 27 + 2 weeks (range, 19–35 weeks)) with FGR associated with placental insufficiency without other major abnormalities and 111 GA‐matched normal controls. On 1.5‐Tesla echoplanar MRI, femur morphometrics, including diaphyseal length, epiphyseal length and epiphyseal width, were assessed. Using a previously reported grading system, epimetaphyseal features, including cartilaginous epiphyseal shape, metaphyseal shape and epiphyseal ossification, were analyzed qualitatively. To compare FGR cases and controls, the paired t‐test was used to assess morphometrics, generalized estimating equations were used for epimetaphyseal features and time‐to‐event analysis was used to assess the visibility of epiphyseal ossification.ResultsThere were significant differences in femur morphometrics between FGR cases and controls (all parameters, P < 0.001), with bone shortening observed in FGR. No significant differences were found in the distribution of epimetaphyseal features between FGR cases and controls (epiphyseal shape, P = 0.341; metaphyseal shape, P = 0.782; epiphyseal ossification, P = 0.85). Epiphyseal ossification was visible at a median of 33.6 weeks in FGR cases and at 32.1 weeks in controls (P = 0.008).ConclusionsOn prenatal MRI, cases with FGR associated with placental insufficiency exhibit diaphyseal and epiphyseal shortening of the femur. However, FGR cases and normal controls share similarly graded distal epimetaphyseal features. Consequently, these features may not be appropriate MRI characteristics for the identification of FGR. © 2022 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Nontoxic ammunition: Challenges and perspectives for GSR identification
Authors: Carneiro Caroline R. , Lucena Marcella A. M. , Santos‐Silva Carolina , Weber Ingrid T. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGunshot residues (GSR) are one of the most important forensic traces in crimes involving firearm discharge, being the conventional GSR characterized by containing spheroidal particles composed of Pb, Ba, and Sb. Over the years, a wide range of techniques has been applied and improved to characterize the conventional GSR, with deserved emphasis on scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). However, the introduction of nontoxic ammunition (NTA), or heavy metal‐free (HMF), on the market has triggered a search for new methodologies for GSR identification since methods based on the chemical and/or morphological profiles of conventional GSR are no longer appropriate for the analysis of this type of residues. This review highlights current methods and proposals for characterization of GSR from NTA, which involve either the search for characteristic chemical profiles or the insertion of selective markers in this new type of ammunition.This article is categorized under:
Forensic Chemistry and Trace Evidence > Emerging Technologies and Methods
Forensic Medicine > Imaging Modalities
Organoids of the male reproductive system: Challenges, opportunities, and their potential use in fertility research
Authors: Patrício Daniela , Santiago Joana , Mano João F. , Fardilha Margarida 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOrganoids are units of function of a given organ able to reproduce, in culture, a biological structure similar in architecture and function to its counterpart in vivo. Today, it is possible to develop an organoid from a fragment of tissue, a stem cell located in an adult organ, an embryonic stem cell, or an induced pluripotent stem cell. In the past decade, many organoids have been developed which mimic stomach, pancreas, liver and brain tissues, optic cups, among many others. Additionally, different male reproductive system organs have already been developed as organoids, including the prostate and testis. These 3D cultures may be of great importance for urological cancer research and have the potential to be used in fertility research for the study of spermatozoa production and maturation, germ cells–somatic cells interactions, and mechanisms of disease. They also provide an accurate preclinical pipeline for drug testing and discovery, as well as for the study of drug resistance. In this work, we revise the current knowledge on organoid technology and its use in healthcare and research, describe the male reproductive system organoids and other biomaterials already developed, and discuss their current application. Finally, we highlight the research gaps, challenges, and opportunities in the field and propose strategies to improve the use of organoids for the study of male infertility situations.This article is categorized under:
Reproductive System Diseases > Stem Cells and Development
Reproductive System Diseases > Biomedical Engineering
Confinement on the moose lattice
Authors: Lillard Benjamin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this work we present a new class of $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 supersymmetric confining gauge theories, with strikingly simple infrared theories that descend from intricate interconnected networks of product gauge groups. A diagram of the gauge groups and the charged matter content of the ultraviolet theory has the structure of a triangular lattice, with SU(N) or SU(3N) gauge groups at each of the vertices, connected by bifundamental chiral superfields. This structure admits a U(1)R conserving superpotential with marginal (trilinear) operators. With the introduction of this superpotential, the SU(3N) and SU(N) gauge groups confine: in the far infrared limit of the supersymmetric theory, the relevant degrees of freedom are gauge invariant “mesons” and “baryons.” In this paper we show how the properties of the infrared degrees of freedom depend on the topology and shape of the moose/quiver “lattice” of the original gauge theory. Between the local structure of the moose lattice at higher energies, and the boundary dependence that emerges in the infrared, the 4d moose lattice theory reproduces features of a 6d spacetime with two compact dimensions. We investigate various deformations of the theory, and propose some phenomenological applications for BSM models.
Shape of the hot topological charge density spectral function
Authors: Laine M. , Niemi L. , Procacci S. , Rummukainen K. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
After motivating an interest in the shape of the topological charge density spectral function in hot Yang-Mills theories, we estimate it with the help of thermally averaged classical real-time simulations, for Nc = 2, 3. After subtracting a perturbative contribution at large frequencies, we observe a non-trivial shape at small frequencies (a dip rather than a peak), interpolating smoothly towards the sphaleron rate at zero frequency. Possible frequency scales making an appearance in this shape are discussed. Implications for warm axion inflation and reheating, and for imaginary-time lattice measurements of the strong sphaleron rate, are recapitulated.
The massless three-loop Wilson coefficients for the deep-inelastic structure functions F2, FL, xF3 and g1
Authors: Blümlein J. , Marquard P. , Schneider C. , Schönwald K. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We calculate the massless unpolarized Wilson coefficients for deeply inelastic scattering for the structure functions F2(x, Q2), FL(x, Q2), xF3(x, Q2) in the $$ \overline{\textrm{MS}} $$

MS
¯

scheme and the polarized Wilson coefficients of the structure function g1(x, Q2) in the Larin scheme up to three-loop order in QCD in a fully automated way based on the method of arbitrary high Mellin moments. We work in the Larin scheme in the case of contributing axial-vector couplings or polarized nucleons. For the unpolarized structure functions we compare to results given in the literature. The polarized three-loop Wilson coefficients are calculated for the first time. As a by-product we also obtain the quarkonic three-loop anomalous dimensions from the O(1/ε) terms of the unrenormalized forward Compton amplitude. Expansions for small and large values of the Bjorken variable x are provided.
Dyadic approximation in the middle-third Cantor set
Authors: Allen Demi , Chow Sam , Yu Han 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we study the metric theory of dyadic approximation in the middle-third Cantor set. This theory complements earlier work of Levesley et al. (Math Ann 338(1):97–118, 2007), who investigated the problem of approximation in the Cantor set by triadic rationals. We find that the behaviour when we consider dyadic approximation in the Cantor set is substantially different to considering triadic approximation in the Cantor set. In some sense, this difference in behaviour is a manifestation of Furstenberg’s times 2 times 3 phenomenon from dynamical systems, which asserts that the base 2 and base 3 expansions of a number are not both structured.
Feasibility of MRI targeted single fraction HDR brachytherapy for localized prostate carcinoma: ProFocAL-study
Authors: Hass Peter , Fischbach Frank , Pech Maciej , Gawish Ahmed 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
A potential method for focal therapy in locally advanced prostate cancer is focal brachytherapy (F-BT). The purpose of this research was to evaluate midterm F-BT oncologic, functional, and toxicological results in men who had therapy for prostate cancer.

Materials and methods
Between 2016 and 2020, F-BT was used to treat 37 patients with low- to intermediate-risk prostate cancer. The recommended dosage was 20 Gy. Failure was defined as the existence of any prostate cancer that has persisted in-field after treatment. The F-BT oncologic and functional outcomes served as the main and secondary objectives, respectively.

Results
A median 20-month follow-up (range 14–48 months). 37 patients received F-BT and enrolled in the study; no patient experienced a biochemical recurrence in the first 24 months, according to Phoenix criteria. In the control biopsies, only 6 patients showed in-field failure. The median initial IPSS was 6.5, at 6 months was 6.0, and at 24 months was 5.0. When the median ICIQ-SF score was 0 at the baseline, it remained 0 at 6-, 12-, and 24 months. Overall survival and biochemical disease-free survival after 3 years were all at 100% and 86.4%, respectively. There was no notable acute gastro-intestinal (GI) or genitourinary (GU) adverse effects. No intraoperative or perioperative complications occurred.

Conclusions
For selected patients with low- or intermediate-risk localized prostate cancer, F-BT is a safe and effective therapy.