bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Osteopontin: An important protein in the formation of kidney stones
Authors: Jia Qingxia , Huang Ziye , Wang Guang , Sun Xia , Wu Yuyun , Yang Bowei , Yang Tongxin , Liu Jianhe , Li Pei , Li Jiongming 
Published: November 2022

The incidence of kidney stones averages 10%, and the recurrence rate of kidney stones is approximately 10% at 1 year, 35% at 5 years, 50% at 10 years, and 75% at 20 years. However, there is currently a lack of good medicines for the prevention and treatment of kidney stones. Osteopontin (OPN) is an important protein in kidney stone formation, but its role is controversial, with some studies suggesting that it inhibits stone formation, while other studies suggest that it can promote stone formation. OPN is a highly phosphorylated protein, and with the deepening of research, there is growing evidence that it promotes stone formation, and the phosphorylated protein is believed to have adhesion effect, promote stone aggregation and nucleation. In addition, OPN is closely related to immune cell infiltration, such as OPN as a pro-inflammatory factor, which can activate mast cells (degranulate to release various inflammatory factors), macrophages (differentiated into M1 macrophages), and T cells (differentiated into T1 cells) etc., and these inflammatory cells play a role in kidney damage and stone formation. In short, OPN mainly exists in the phosphorylated form in kidney stones, plays an important role in the formation of stones, and may be an important target for drug therapy of kidney stones.
Do antibody–drug conjugates increase the risk of sepsis in cancer patients? A pharmacovigilance study
Authors: Xia Shuang , Zhao Yi-Chang , Guo Lin , Gong Hui , Wang Yi-Kun , Ma Rui , Zhang Bi-Kui , Sheng Yue , Sarangdhar Mayur , Noguchi Yoshihiro , Yan Miao 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) produce unparalleled efficacy in refractory neoplasms but can also lead to serious toxicities. Although ADC-related sepsis has been reported, the clinical features are not well characterized in real-world studies.Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the association between ADCs and sepsis using FAERS data and uncover the clinical characteristics of ADC-related sepsis.Methods: We performed disproportionality analysis using FAERS data and compared rates of sepsis in cancer patients receiving ADCs vs. other regimens. Associations between ADCs and sepsis were assessed using reporting odds ratios (RORs) and information component (IC). For each treatment group, we detected drug interaction signals, and conducted subgroup analyses (age, gender, and regimens) and sensitivity analyses.Results: A total of 24,618 cases were reported with ADCs between Q1, 2004 and Q3, 2021. Sepsis, septic shock, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and other sepsis-related toxicities were significantly associated with ADCs than other drugs in this database. Sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome have the highest safety concerns with ADCs compared with other anticancer monotherapies. Gemtuzumab ozogamicin and inotuzumab ozogamicin showed increased safety risks than other ADCs. For the top nine ADC-related sepsis, males showed higher sepsis safety concern than females (p &lt;0.001); however, age did not exert influence on the risk of sepsis. We identified that 973 of 2,441 (39.9%) cases had acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and 766 of 2613 (29.3%) cases on ADCs died during therapy. Time-to-onset analysis indicated ADC-related sepsis is prone to occur within a month after administration. Co-administration of ADCs with colony-stimulating factors, proton pump inhibitors, H2-receptor antagonists, or CYP3A4/5 inhibitors showed to synergistically increase the risk of sepsis-related toxicities.Conclusion: Antibody–drug conjugates may increase the risk of sepsis in cancer patients, leading to high mortality. Further studies are warranted to characterize the underlying mechanisms and design preventive measures for ADC-related sepsis.
Assessment by ABPM verified the presence of hypertension in patients with self-reported hypertension, pregnant women, as well as differences between ethnicities in women aged 38-39 years in the Ribeirão Preto cohort
Authors: Brandão Tetzi Oliveira , Veiga Eduardo Carvalho de Arruda , Levy Rozeli Ferreira , Damaso Enio Luis , Sandrim Valeria Cristina , Cavalli Ricardo Carvalho 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Arterial hypertension is a global health problem and one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and therefore for morbidity and mortality among adult men and women. Factors related to obstetric history, family history, sociodemographic characteristics, and lifestyle habits are known determinants of arterial hypertension.Methods: Case-control study of women belonging to the 1978/79 birth cohort conducted in the city of Ribeirão Preto/SP. Sociodemographic data, presence of comorbidities, maternal comorbidities, paternal comorbidities, comorbidities during pregnancy, and biometric and biophysical markers associated with blood pressure measured by 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) were assessed in women aged 38–39 years. We want to study which variables of the previous sentence are related to the presence of hypertension measured by ABPM.Results: Data from 281 women were analyzed. Our results showed that ethnicity, a history of hypertension, and gestational hypertension reported by the women were significantly associated with the presence of hypertension measured by ABPM. Other factors such as marital status, educational level, comorbidities of the woman, paternal or maternal comorbidities, anthropometric measurements or serum levels of cardiovascular markers were not associated with the presence of hypertension measured by ABPM.Conclusion: We conclude that ethnicity, self-reported hypertension, and gestational hypertension are associated with arterial hypertension measured by ABPM.
Cleaner production technologies for the amelioration of soil health, biomass and secondary metabolites in Ocimum basilicum L. under Indian Western Himalaya
Authors: Raj Yog , Ali Nilofer , Pati Aparna Maitra , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: November 2022

Ocimum basilicum L. and its derived products are primarily consumed by humans; hence, agrochemical use seems inappropriate for its cultivation. However, farmers are accustomed to using rampant inorganic fertilizers to augment crop productivity, which has unintendedly engendered severe environmental perturbations. Concomitantly, farmers will soon have to confront the challenges of growing crops under suboptimal conditions driven by global climate change. Consequently, to develop a clean, sustainable, and resilient production technology, field experiments spanning over two years (2020 and 2021) were conducted, comprising three biostimulants, viz., vermicompost (0, 4, and 8 Mg ha−1), biofertilizer (uninoculated and inoculated), and liquid seaweed extract (without and at 7 ml L−1) in the Indian western Himalaya for the first time. Soil health indicators, leaf photosynthetic pigments, gaseous exchange, mineral contents, essential oil (EO) quantity, and composition were evaluated. Soil microbial respiration (SMR), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), organic carbon (OC), dehydrogenase (DHA), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and β-glucosidase activities were increased by 36.23, 83.98, 30.61, 42.69, 34.00, and 40.57%, respectively, when compared with the initial soil status. The net photosynthetic rate (Pn) was significantly increased with the highest (8 Mg ha−1) and moderate (4 Mg ha−1) vermicompost dosages by 13.96% and 4.56%, respectively, as compared with the unfertilized control (0 Mg ha−1). Likewise, the biofertilizer and seaweed extract also enhanced Pn by 15.09% and 10.09%, respectively. The crop’s key EO constituents, viz., methyl chavicol and linalool, were significantly improved with the highest and moderate vermicompost rates of 2.71, 9.85%, and 1.18, 5.03%, respectively. Similarly, biofertilization and seaweed application also boosted methyl chavicol and linalool by 3.29, 8.67%, and 1.93, 3.66%, respectively. In both years, significantly higher herbage (8.86 and 11.25 Mg ha−1) and EO yield (113.78 and 154.87 kg ha−1) were recorded with a congregate treatment of the highest vermicompost dose, biofertilizer, and liquid seaweed extract. In conclusion, the integrated use of biostimulants having complementary properties can sustainably maximize the quantity and quality of O. basilicum and concomitantly ameliorate soil health. This study can inspire scientific communities and industries to develop second-generation biostimulant products, delivering better sustainability and resilience for a renaissance in agriculture.
Perceived stigma, discrimination and psychological problems among patients with epilepsy
Authors: Malik Najma Iqbal , Fatima Rabia , Ullah Irfan , Atta Mohsin , Awan Ashraf , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. , Ahmed Saeed 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveThe current study sought to investigate the effects of perceived stigma and discrimination on epilepsy patients' psychological problems, such as depression, anxiety, and quality of life.Study designA purposive sampling technique was used in this cross-sectional study.Materials and methodsThe sample consisted of 186 patients with epilepsy. The Stigma Scale, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, and Quality of life in Epilepsy-10 were used to measure the study variables.ResultsFindings showed that both the perception of stigma and discrimination have a significant positive correlation with depression as well as anxiety. Stigma is a significant positive predictor of depression and anxiety at [F (1, 184) = 27.8, 15.92,p&lt; 0.001, 0.001, respectively] and explains 12.7 and 7.5% variance that could be attributed to Stigma. Stigma is also a significant predictor of quality of life at [F (1, 184) = 16.10,p&lt; 0.001] and explains the 7.5% variance that could be attributed to Stigma. Results also indicate that discrimination is a significant positive predictor of depression and anxiety at [F (1, 184) = 32.39, 19.91,p&lt; 0.001] and explains 15 and 9.8 % variance, respectively, that could be attributed to Stigma. However, stigma negatively predicts quality of life at [F (1, 184) = 20.34,p&lt; 0.001] and explains 10 % variance. Non-significant differences were found in all the demographic variables (i.e., gender, socio-economic status, and disease duration), except the quality of life was significantly high among individuals with high Socio-economic status.ConclusionsStigma is significantly higher in epileptic patients and has a detrimental effect on the patient's quality of life, recovery, and prognosis. Thus, there is undoubtedly a need to address psychological issues, most notably the stigma associated with illnesses. Psychologists, psychiatrists, other physicians, and care givers of epileptic patients must pay close attention to the stigma in this patient population.
Relationship between allergic diseases and mental disorders in women: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Lisha , Luo Chao , Zhang Mengni , Ao Xudong , Liu Huixia , Peng Shunlin 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThe relationship between allergic diseases (AD) and mental disorders (MD) in women has not been fully systematically evaluated. We aimed at validating this correlation.MethodsThe relevant cohort and case-control studies from the establishment of the database to February 18, 2022 in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library were searched by computer. The researchers conducted the quality evaluation of the included articles by reviewing and discussing with reference to relevant standards, and conducted the analysis of the correlation between female patients with AD and MD by using Review Manager 5.4.ResultsSix observational studies from 2631 studies (n = 1160858 women) were assessed as medium and high-quality studies. The meta-analysis demonstrated that AD was correlated with MD in female patients (OR = 1.21, 95%CI: 1.14–1.29), including asthma (OR = 1.16, 95%CI: 1.11–1.22), allergic rhinitis (OR = 1.31, 95%CI: 1.06–1.63), and atopic dermatitis in women (OR = 1.37, 95%CI: 1.24–1.50) were associated with MD. At the same time, subgroup analysis was performed according to region, study design, criteria of AD and MD, and the results demonstrated that both AD and MD were correlated in these different conditions.ConclusionAllergic diseases in female patients do have an association with mental disorders.Systematic review registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/], identifier [CRD42022311146].
Intellectual disability and COVID-19: A bibliometric review
Authors: Ying Jiangbo , Tan Giles Ming Yee , Zhang Melvyn Weibin 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, the vulnerabilities of certain groups of people have been highlighted, such as people with intellectual disability (ID). Although related research on ID has developed rapidly during the COVID-19 pandemic, the quantitative analysis of those research results has not been systematically performed through bibliometric analysis. Bibliometric analysis is a useful and rigorous method to explore large volumes of research data, and it allows researchers to extract quantitative information on distribution by author, time, country, and journal.AimThe aim of the present study is to comprehensively analyze the current status and developing trends in publications on ID research related to and conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA bibliometric analysis was performed using the Web of Science database. Biblioshiny software was used to analyze and visualize the following information: main information of dataset, annual scientific production, journals which published the most relevant sources, most-cited authors, most-cited countries, most-cited global documents, word-cloud of keywords authors have used, and both the co-occurrence and co-citation networks.ResultsA total of 450 publications were included. The average number of citations per document was 5.104. Among the top three journals, Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities published 32 articles, Journal of Intellectual Disability Research published 29 articles, and British Journal of Learning Disabilities published 17 articles. The article with the title COVID-19 and People with Intellectual Disability: Impact of a Pandemic was the most cited with total 144 citations The United Kingdom had the most publications and had strong cooperative relationships with the United States, Canada, and Australia. The most popular keywords included mental health, autism, developmental disability, and lockdown. Thematic map analysis identified several possible clusters, including telemedicine, physical activities, and mental health.ConclusionThe present study provides a better understanding in this research field and may help clinicians, researchers and stakeholders to obtain more comprehensive view of ID and COVID-19. The insights gained from this analysis could inform future research.
Hesitant and anti-vaccination groups: A qualitative study on their perceptions and attitudes regarding vaccinations and their reluctance to participate in academic research- an example during a measles outbreak among a group of Jewish parents in Israel
Authors: Hijazi Rana , Gesser-Edelsburg Anat , Feder-Bubis Paula , Mesch Gustavo S. 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundVaccination is widespread in Western countries and, overall, there is a high vaccination rate. However, immunization is still an enduring challenge. In recent years, the number of parents who choose to delay or refuse vaccines has risen.Objectives(1) to identify the perceptions and attitudes of hesitant and anti-vaccination parents regarding vaccination in general, and vaccinating their children in particular and; (2) to describe the responses of potential participants to the request to participate in academic research regarding their perceptions and attitudes on the subject of vaccines.MethodsThe research employs the qualitative hermeneutic phenomenological method using two research tools: (1) in-depth interviews with 7 hesitant and 11 anti-vaccination Jewish parents in Israel; and (2) the researchers' field notes from this study process, which describe the responses of 32 potential participants to the request to participate in this academic research.ResultsThe main findings indicate that while most of the interviewees admit to the efficacy of vaccines in preventing diseases, they oppose the way in which vaccines are promoted—based on providing partial information and disregarding parents' concerns and questions. Therefore, they demand transparency about the efficacy and safety of vaccines. The findings also point to a paradoxical finding. On the one hand, these groups claim that health organizations do not understand their position, referring to them as “science-deniers”, even though they are not. On the other hand, these parents choose to refrain from participating in scientific studies and voicing their opinions, thereby perpetuating the situation of being misunderstood.ConclusionHesitant and anti-vaccination groups express mistrust in academic institutions and health organizations. Therefore, an effective dialogue that would include hesitant and anti-vaccination groups, the academy, and health organizations may contribute to a better understanding of the barriers that prevent these groups from getting vaccinated or vaccinating their children and promote public health.
Investigation of small lung lesion detection for lung cancer screening in low dose FDG PET imaging by deep neural networks
Authors: Guo Haijun , Wu Jun , Xie Zongneng , Tham Ivan W. K. , Zhou Long , Yan Jianhua 
Published: November 2022

PurposeFDG PET imaging is often recommended for the diagnosis of pulmonary nodules after indeterminate low dose CT lung cancer screening. Lowering FDG injecting is desirable for PET imaging. In this work, we aimed to investigate the performance of a deep learning framework in the automatic diagnoses of pulmonary nodules at different count levels of PET imaging.Materials and methodsTwenty patients with 18F-FDG-avid pulmonary nodules were included and divided into independent training (60%), validation (20%), and test (20%) subsets. We trained a convolutional neural network (ResNet-50) on original DICOM images and used ImageNet pre-trained weight to fine-tune the model. Simulated low-dose PET images at the 9 count levels (20 × 106, 15 × 106, 10 × 106, 7.5 × 106, 5 × 106, 2 × 106, 1 × 106, 0.5 × 106, and 0.25 × 106 counts) were obtained by randomly discarding events in the PET list mode data for each subject. For the test dataset with 4 patients at the 9 count levels, 3,307 and 3,384 image patches were produced for lesion and background, respectively. The receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve of the proposed model under the different count levels with different lesion size groups were assessed and the areas under the ROC curve (AUC) were compared.ResultsThe AUC values were &gt;0.98 for all count levels except for 0.5 and 0.25 million true counts (0.975 (CL 95%, 0.953–0.992) and 0.963 (CL 95%, 0.941–0.982), respectively). The AUC values were 0.941(CL 95%, 0.923–0.956), 0.993(CL 95%, 0.990–0.996) and 0.998(CL 95%, 0.996-0.999) for different groups of lesion size with effective diameter (R) &lt;10 mm, 10–20 mm, and &gt;20 mm, respectively. The count limit for achieving high AUC (≥0.96) for lesions with size R &lt; 10 mm and R &gt; 10 mm were 2 million (equivalent to an effective dose of 0.08 mSv) and 0.25 million true counts (equivalent to an effective dose of 0.01 mSv), respectively.ConclusionAll of the above results suggest that the proposed deep learning based method may detect small lesions &lt;10 mm at an effective radiation dose &lt;0.1 mSv.Advances in knowledgeWe investigated the advantages and limitations of a fully automated lung cancer detection method based on deep learning models for data with different lesion sizes and different count levels, and gave guidance for clinical application.
Availability of healthy and unhealthy foods in modern retail outlets located in selected districts of Greater Accra Region, Ghana
Authors: Adjei Akosua Pokua , Amevinya Gideon Senyo , Quarpong Wilhemina , Tandoh Akua , Aryeetey Richmond , Holdsworth Michelle , Agyemang Charles , Zotor Francis , Laar Matilda E. , Mensah Kobby , Addo Phyllis , Laryea Dennis , Asiki Gershim , Sellen Daniel , Vandevijvere Stefanie , Laar Amos 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundIntake of unhealthy foods is linked to the onset of obesity and diet-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Availability of unhealthy (nutritionally poor) foods can influence preference, purchasing and consumption of such foods. This study determined the healthiness of foods sold at modern retail outlets- supermarkets and mini-marts in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana.MethodsAll modern retail outlets located in six districts of Greater Accra were eligible. Those &lt; 200 m2 of floor area and with permanent structures were categorized as mini-marts; and those ≥200 m2 as supermarkets. Shelf length of all available foods were measured. Healthiness of food was determined using two criteria - the NOVA classification and energy density of foods. Thus, ultra-processed foods or food items with &gt;225 kcal/100 g were classified as unhealthy. The ratio of the area occupied by unhealthy to healthy foods was used to determine the healthiness of modern retail outlets.ResultsOf 67 retail outlets assessed, 86.6% were mini-marts. 85.0% of the total SHELF area was occupied by foods categorized as unhealthy (ranging from 9,262 m2 in Ashiaman Municipality to 41,892 m2 in Accra Metropolis). Refined grains/grain products were the most available, occupying 30.0% of the total food shelf space, followed by sugar-sweetened beverages (20.1% of total shelf space). The least available food group–unprocessed staples, was found in only one high income district, and occupied 0.1% of the total food shelf space. Retail outlets in two districts did not sell fresh fruits or fresh/unsalted canned vegetables. About two-thirds of food products available (n = 3,952) were ultra-processed. Overall, the ratio of ultra-processed-to-unprocessed foods ranged from 3 to 7 with an average (SD) of 5(2). Thus, for every healthy food, there were five ultra-processed ones in the studied retail outlets.ConclusionThis study reveals widespread availability of ultra-processed foods in modern retail outlets within the selected districts. Toward a healthier food retail environment, public health and food regulators, in partnership with other stakeholders need to institute measures that improve availability of healthy foods within supermarkets and mini-marts.