bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and validation of aging-related genes in IgA nephropathy
Authors: Shu Jinlian , Li He , Li Hairong , Xing Airong , Yao Shaofeng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. Aging is a major risk factor for progression of IgAN to end stage renal disease. The purpose of this study was to identify and verify aging-related genes associated with IgAN through bioinformatics analysis. Microarray datasets of GSE93798 and GSE37460 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The aging-related DEGs (AR-DEGs) associated IgAN was analyzed by R programming software, and then genome ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were performed. The PPI network of AR-DEGs was then contructed, and hub genes were ranked using five methods of the cytoHubba plugin in Cytoscape software. CIBERSORT algorithm was used to evaluate the infiltrating immune cells and their relationship with hub genes. Next, Nephroseq V5 online platform was used to verify and analyze the mRNA expression patterns of hub genes in IgAN patients and normal controls.A total of 372 DEGs were identified, of which the expression of 158 were upregulated and 214 were downregulated. GO and KEGG enrichment pathway analysis mainly focused on regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Based on the results of PPI network analysis, the eight hub genes were identified, includingAGT,ALB,CD36,EGF,KDR,LPL,MYC,PPARGC1A. Immunoinfiltration analysis indicated thatCD36were closely related to immune cell infiltration. Furthermore, the expression levels of these hub genes were validated using the Nephroseq V5 online platform. Further clinical sample studies confirmed thatCD36was highly expressed in renal tissues of IgAN patients. These findings provide new insights into potential aging-related genes associated with IgAN, which may better contribute to understanding the pathogenesis of IgAN.CD36may have diagnostic value for aging-related IgAN.
AI for Mortality Prediction from Head Trauma Narratives
Authors: Pham Tuan D. , Marks Katya , Hughes Declan , Chatzopoulou Domniki , Coulthard Paul , Holmes Simon 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHead injuries are a leading global cause of mortality and disability, highlighting the critical need for advanced prognostic tools to inform clinical decision-making and optimize healthcare resource utilization. For the first time, this study introduces a cutting-edge artificial intelligence (AI) framework designed to predict mortality outcomes from head injury narratives. Leveraging deep learning-based natural language processing techniques, the framework identifies and extracts key features from unstructured text describing injury mechanisms and patient conditions to train predictive models. Validation was conducted on a diverse dataset of 1,500 head injury cases using a stratified holdout approach, with 90% allocated for training and 10% for testing. The one-dimensional convolutional neural network model demonstrated strong performance, achieving averagely 85% accuracy, 74% correct mortality prediction, 88% correct survival prediction, and an impressive area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.91. This work highlights the transformative potential of AI in harnessing narrative clinical data to enhance prognostic accuracy, paving the way for more effective, evidence-based management of head injury patients.
Lifetime air pollution exposure from prenatal to 18 years and cardiovascular health in young adulthood: findings from a UK birth cohort
Authors: Soares Ana Goncalves , Tilling Kate , Makanvand Maryam , Kerckhoffs Jules , Hansell Anna L , Timpson Nicholas J , Elhakeem Ahmed 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAimsWe assessed the association between air pollution from pregnancy (in utero) to 18 years and cardiovascular health markers in early adulthood.MethodsData from 3,767 individuals from a UK birth cohort were used. We explored the associations between modelled fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and black carbon (BC) across an 18-year period and eight cardiovascular health markers measured at 18 year of age. Long-term exposure to air pollution was assessed by averaging the air pollutants over time and by creating air pollutant trajectories. Linear regressions were used to assess the associations between air pollutants and cardiovascular health markers. Possible sensitive periods of exposure and sex differences in these associations were also explored.ResultsHigher average levels of PM2.5and NO2were associated with higher peripheral (pDBP) and central diastolic blood pressure (cDBP); e.g., an interquartile range increase in PM2.5was associated with 0.46 mmHg (95%CI 0.14, 0.78) higher pDBP and 0.50 mmHg (95%CI 0.17, 0.83) higher cDBP. Higher average PM2.5levels were also associated with lower carotid intima-media thickness and higher BC levels were associated with higher heart rate (HR). Latent classes showed the same overall patterns of association, with the trajectory classes with the highest levels of air pollution exposure tending to have higher pDBP, cDBP and HR. There was little evidence of sensitive periods of exposure and sex differences in the associations.ConclusionsHigher lifetime exposure to air pollution up to 18 years was associated with markers of poorer cardiovascular health in early adulthood.
A semiparametric method to test for correlated evolution in a phylogenetic context
Authors: Harmon Luke J. , Revell Liam J. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPhylogenetic comparative methods are a broad suite of approaches for studying trait and species diversification using evolutionary trees. In spite of their substantial growth in sophistication and complexity in recent years, among the most commonly-employed phylogenetic comparative method continues to be a simple measure of the evolutionary correlation between variables, while accounting for the statistical non-independence in our data that arises from common descent. The standard parametric phylogenetic approach for measuring the evolutionary correlation between continuously valued characters assumes a model called Brownian motion for the evolution of our traits. Here, we introduce a new semiparametric method that relaxes this assumption by testing for the evolutionary correlation between variables based on contrast ranks, and then obtains a null distribution on the test statistic via random permutation. We show that this approach has reasonable statistical properties: type I error close to the nominal level, and power that is similar to fully parametric methods. We conclude by comparing our new method to related approaches.
Microbial succession at weaning is guided by microbial metabolism of host glycans
Authors: Lubin Jean-Bernard , Planet Paul J. , Silverman Michael A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe weaning transition from a milk-based to a solid-food diet supports critical developmental changes to the intestinal microbiome and immune system. However, the specific microbial and host features that influence microbial succession at weaning are not well understood. Here, we developed a simple approach to investigate the complex dynamics of microbial succession during weaning by co-housing gnotobiotic mice colonized with the defined pre-weaning community PedsCom and the adult-derived consortium OMM12. As expected, co-housing PedsCom mice with OMM12 recapitulated microbial succession at weaning and induced immune system maturation in PedsCom mice. Unexpectedly, we found that the OMM12 microbes with the highest host glycan utilization profiles were the most adept colonizers of PedsCom mice. Genomic analysis confirmed that PedsCom is deficient in the carbohydrate-active enzymes responsible for degrading host-derived glycans, including mucins, compared to adult-derived consortia. We validated a role for glycan utilizationin vivoby demonstrating that the mucus-degrading commensal microbeAkkermansia muciniphilacritically depends on the metabolism of mucin glycans for colonization of PedsCom mice. These findings highlight the importance of host-derived glycans in shaping microbial communities during the weaning transition and suggest host glycans as novel targets to modulate intestinal microbial populations, introduce beneficial probiotics, and enhance immune system development during weaning.
KEAP1 retention in phase-separated p62 bodies drives liver damage in autophagy-deficient conditions
Authors: Takada Shuhei , Shinomiya Nozomi , Mao Gaoxin , Tsuchiya Hikaru , Koga Tomoaki , Komatsu-Hirota Satoko , Sou Yu-shin , Abe Manabu , Ryzhii Elena , Suzuki Michitaka , Nakao Mitsuyoshi , Waguri Satoshi , Morishita Hideaki , Komatsu Masaaki 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPhase-separated p62 bodies activate NRF2, a key transcription factor for antioxidant response, by sequestering KEAP1, which targets NRF2 for degradation. Although p62 bodies containing KEAP1 are degraded by autophagy, they accumulate in various liver disorders. Their precise disease role remains unclear. We show that excessive KEAP1 retention in p62 bodies and NRF2 activation are major causes of liver damage when autophagy is impaired. In mice with weakened or blocked p62-KEAP1 interactions, KEAP1 retention and NRF2 activation under autophagy-deficient conditions were suppressed. Transcriptome and proteome analyses revealed that NRF2 targets upregulated by autophagy suppression normalized in p62 mutants unable to bind KEAP1. Autophagy deficiency caused organelle accumulation, especially of the ER, regardless of p62 mutation. Liver damage and hepatomegaly from autophagy suppression markedly improved in p62 mutants, particularly those with blocked KEAP1 binding. These findings highlight excessive KEAP1 retention in p62 bodies and defective organelle turnover as key drivers of liver pathology, underscoring the significance of phase separationin vivo.
Numerical tensor method for atomic and exotic three-particle systems
Authors: Brice Kammegne Tcheugam , Melgaard Michael , Pavlidou Marilia , Cox Hazel 
Published: February 2025

In this paper we derive a numerical tensor method to solve the many-body Schrödinger equation for three-particle systems. The Schrödinger equation is first represented in a canonical tensor format using a triple orthogonal Laguerre-based wave function in scaled perimetric coordinates. We demonstrate that the antisymmetry of the wave function can be explicitly included in the tensor method formulation by coupling the indices associated with the coordinates representing the identical fermions, e.g., electrons or muons. It is shown that energies accurate to the picohartree can be achieved in full tensor format in less than 3300 s for atomic and muonic molecular systems. Furthermore, this CPU time is reduced to less than 300 s, without compromising the accuracy of the energy or quality of the wave function, using a low-rank tensor-train decomposition.

Published by the American Physical Society
2025
Do I look real? Impact of digital human avatar influencer realism on consumer engagement and attachment
Authors: Shah Tejas R. , Purohit Sonal , Das Manish , Arulsivakumar Thavaprakash 
Published: February 2025

Purpose
AI-powered digital human avatar influencer (DHAI) is a digitally created character with a human-like appearance and noteworthy social media presence. They mimic human behavior through form, behavior and emotional realism. However, there have been varied viewpoints in the literature about the effect of DHAI realism on consumer response. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effect of form, behavioral and emotional realism on consumer engagement and parasocial relationships that further affect attachment toward DHAI and brand, with the moderating effect of content authenticity.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a cross-sectional design, 426 respondents in India were asked to visit the Instagram page of a specific DHAI identified through a pretest study. The authors used the Smart PLS 4.0 version to examine the hypotheses.

Findings
Accordingly, based on the social presence theory, the findings of the quantitative study indicated that DHAI’s form, behavioral and emotional realism positively influence customers’ engagement with DHAI, but only the behavior and emotional realism of DHAI positively affect the parasocial relationship. Further, perceived DHAI’s content authenticity moderates the effect of DHAI engagement and parasocial relationship on DHAI sentimental attachment.

Originality/value
This study provides novel and practical insights for developing DHAI by considering realism characteristics for enhanced customer engagement, parasocial relationship and attachment toward DHAI and brands.
Changing vertical wind profile and its importance for wind-induced natural ventilation in high-rise buildings – a case of Pune
Authors: Kaushik Aprajita , Singh Sanjeev , Kapshe Manmohan 
Published: February 2025

Purpose
The natural ventilation in tall buildings is significantly different from that in low-rise buildings. It is imperative to record the wind available on site as a prerequisite for designing wind-driven natural ventilation. This paper aims to establish the significance of collecting site-based wind data and highlights the gap between the observed wind speed and the one used in practice.

Design/methodology/approach
The method consists of experimental study to determine the available wind speed for a 100-metre-high building in a warm and humid climate. The analytical mathematical model that uses the interpolation method based on secondary wind data was used to equate wind velocity at such heights. The study compares both methods to understand the gap in predicting the vertical wind profile.

Findings
The existing practice of using a wind rose and predictive mathematical model needs to be confirmed with site-based wind data before being used as an input parameter for designing for natural ventilation on upper floors.

Research limitations/implications
Further studies can be undertaken to establish the variation of wind speed at the midriff of the building, derive an average rate of decrease in wind velocity and give a generalised wind input as a design guideline. A correction factor for the change in wind velocity can be helpful in determining the wind profile in the vertical component closest to the real-time data. The study is limited to outdoor wind velocity at various heights encountered at the windward side of the building. The study is region-specific.

Originality/value
The practice by designers and architects to use wind rose, composed of wind data available at 10-metre height, to design for naturally ventilated high-rise buildings is redundant. The study shows that the wind velocity profile changes beyond 20 metres. The prospect of a sustainable high-rise project is dependent on efficient natural ventilation, and hence the input wind velocity cannot be generic.
Single rotating LiDAR based in-situ 3D reconstruction of large scale dynamic working environment
Authors: Cheng Hongtai , Han Jiayi 
Published: February 2025

Purpose
In situ 3D reconstruction is the basis for measuring and monitoring large-scale working environments such as construction sites and coal mining surfaces. The purpose of this paper is to address the difficulties of on-site 3D reconstruction in large-scale dynamic environments. Based on panoramic rotating light detection and ranging sensors, a dynamic environment 3D reconstruction method combining occupancy grid and point cloud segmentation is proposed.

Design/methodology/approach
The algorithm fully combines the information between point clouds to process the points in the region of interest, improving the processing speed of the occupancy grid method and the accuracy of dynamic object filtering. Furthermore, this paper also proposes an incremental long-short horizon segmentation and reconstruction workflow, which performs different levels of point cloud differential segmentation for various types of dynamic objects.

Findings
This paper designs detailed physical and simulation experiments in different environments to verify the advantages and reliability of the algorithm. The entire system showed satisfactory performance in experiments.

Originality/value
The proposed dynamic environment 3D reconstruction method can effectively complete the 3D reconstruction of complex work environments, and the proposed incremental long-short horizon segmentation and reconstruction workflow further improves the accuracy of dynamic object removal.
EXPERT FIXERS: Bureaucratic Informality, Brokerage and the Politics of Land in Mumbai
Authors: Banerji Sangeeta 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBased on ethnographic fieldwork within the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC), this article illustrates the ‘field of fixing’, a brokerage structure that operates alongside Mumbai's urban bureaucracy. Scholars of Southern urbanism have extensively written about the role of informalized state action in producing an unequal cityscape. Exploring a disaggregated view of this state space in the megacity of Mumbai, this article turns attention instead to the ‘paralegal’ or the ‘field of fixing’, a liminal space between the state, market and society dictating access to the city in postcolonial India. The expert fixers in this space manipulate and maintain the real estate industry's relationship with Mumbai's urban bureaucracy. This article highlights the practices of six such fixers—the follow‐up boy, the watcher, the paper expert, the regulation expert, the regulation strategy expert and the liaisoning architect by following the movement of files seeking bureaucratic approvals for land development in Mumbai, elucidating a predatory politics that ensures the success of real‐estate developers in the megacity.
Avoidance versus use of neuromuscular blocking agents for optimizing video laryngoscopy‐assisted tracheal intubation: A protocol for a systematic review with meta‐analysis and trial sequential analysis
Authors: Creutzburg Andreas , Nørskov Anders Kehlet , Christensen Michelle Icka , Afshari Arash , Lundstrøm Lars Hyldborg , Bill Louise , Nedergaard Helene Korvenius , Vested Matias 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundBoth the European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care and the Difficult Airway Society recommend the use of neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) to facilitate tracheal intubation and to reduce the risk of complications. Even though it is recommended to use video laryngoscopy for intubation, especially in circumstances where difficult tracheal intubation is expected, the evidence for the combination of video laryngoscopy and NMBAs is sparse. This protocol outlines a systematic review of the effect of avoidance versus use of NMBAs for tracheal intubation during video laryngoscopy in adults.MethodsThis protocol is made in accordance with reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses protocols recommendations. We intent to include randomised controlled trials assessing the effect of avoidance versus use of NMBAs during video laryngoscopy to facilitate tracheal intubation (either nasal or oral) in the adult population. The primary outcome is failed first‐pass intubation. Our secondary outcomes include adverse and serious adverse events. A thorough search will be done to identify relevant trials, including CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, BIOSIS, Web of Science and CIHNAL. Furthermore, trial registries will be searched for unpublished trials. Each trial will be evaluated for bias. We will use appropriate packages in R to perform the meta‐analysis. Additionally, we will perform trial sequential analysis on the meta‐analysis of our primary outcome. Lastly, we will employ the GRADE approach and create “Summary of Findings” tables.
Corporate Social Responsibility Theories in the Context of Global Transformational Events: A Scoping Review
Authors: Billedeau David Benjamin , Palaschuk Nicholas , Wilson Jeffrey 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis scoping review examines the applicability and evolution of corporate social responsibility (CSR) theories, which focus on voluntary corporate actions, during global transformational events. Additionally, the study explores the relevance of broader sustainability management (SUSM) theories, which provide comprehensive frameworks for integrating sustainability into corporate strategies, to assess their adaptability under such abnormal operating conditions. We identify and review 10 key theories pertinent to SUSM during normal and abnormal operating periods: Agency Theory, Cognitive Theory, Ecological Modernization, Institutional Theory, Leadership Theory, Legitimacy Theory, Neoclassical Theory, Shareholder Theory, Socio‐Ecological Systems Theory, and Stakeholder Theory. Our findings reveal that these theories are dynamic, evolving in response to global crises, thereby influencing and being influenced by corporate behaviors. This study contributes to the academic literature by highlighting the interplay between theoretical evolution and real‐world applications of CSR and SUSM. For managers, the study offers insights into building corporate resilience and adaptability, while policymakers are provided with guidance on fostering regulatory environments that support sustainable corporate practices during periods of disruption. These contributions underscore the importance of refining SUSM frameworks to guide corporate decision‐making in increasingly volatile environments.
Blockade of P2X7 receptors preserves blood retinal barrier integrity by modulating the plasmalemma vesicle‐associated protein: Implications for diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Platania Chiara Bianca Maria , Lazzara Francesca , Mitton Kenneth , Haque Naomi , Dailey Wendelin , Conti Federica , Giuffrida Erika , Drago Filippo , Hermenean Anca , Balta Cornel , Herman Hildegard , Ciceu Alina , Trotta Maria Consiglia , D'Amico Michele , Nicosia Giuseppe , Rossi Settimio , Bucolo Claudio 
Published: February 2025

Background and PurposePlasmalemma vesicle‐associated protein (PLVAP) regulates transcytosis in vascular endothelial cells. PLVAP expression is increased in pathological conditions, such as diabetic retinopathy. P2X7 receptor antagonists have been shown to preserve blood‐retinal barrier (BRB) integrity. Here, we have tested the hypothesis that PLVAP expression is tightly linked to P2X7 receptor activity, leading to breakdown of the BRB in an in vitro model of diabetic retinopathy.Experimental ApproachWe integrated network approaches with an in vitro model of diabetic retinopathy using primary human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs). Cells were treated with a P2X7 receptor antagonist, JNJ47965567, and expression of several genes predicted to belong to the P2X7 receptor signalling network were assessed. Levels and localisation of PLVAP, VE‐cadherin and zonula occludens‐1 (ZO‐1) in HRMECs were evaluated. In vivo, the effects of JNJ47965567 on PLVAP expression in the retinas of diabetic mice were assessed.Key ResultsHigh levels of glucose increased PLVAP expression in HRMECs, which was blocked by JNJ47965567. Furthermore, JNJ47965567 preserved VE‐cadherin and ZO‐1. In the choroidal vasculature of diabetic mice, PLVAP immunostaining was increased, compared to levels in non‐diabetic mice. This increase was significantly attenuated by treatment with JNJ47965567Conclusions and ImplicationsThis study showed that P2X7 receptor signalling is an important component of a complex gene regulatory network, including PLVAP, mediating the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy. The P2X7 receptor antagonist JNJ47965567 showed a good pharmacodynamic profile, suggesting that this approach could be of value in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.