bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“My Business is to Love”
Authors: Scholes Judith 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Building on recent currents in Dickinson scholarship that investigate the relation between poetic and epistolary address in her letters, this essay documents Dickinson’s practice of sending poems to correspondents, exploring what their highly personal orientation can tell us about Dickinson’s understanding of her work and the intimacies it could foster. Using a survey of 679 poems Dickinson addressed to fifty-two recipients, the essay identifies three distinct modes of addressed poems: as letters, set in letters, and enclosed with letters. Examining the first two of these modes in detail, the essay explores how Dickinson used poetry to build and sustain interpersonal connection. From a riddling note she sent with a basket of apples to her sister-in-law, to lines of consolation embedded in a letter to a friend’s friend, Dickinson’s distinctive employment of poems in epistolary contexts reveals her faith in poetry’s ability to mobilize affect between people and bring them closer together. Moreover, it reveals Dickinson’s concern that a specific, personal—not unspecific, public—addressee was crucial for such affect, which may help to explain her larger turn away from conventional publication.
Dickinson Emergent
Authors: Bergland Renée 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This essay examines Dickinson’s butterfly poems in the context of the twenty-first century climate crisis and the threat of butterfly extinction. It starts with a discussion of how “Yesterday is History” (M 570, Fr1290), flutters between the past and the future, and then moves to a broader discussion of how Dickinson’s works play with the contrasts between art and science and physics and metaphysics, undermining strict disciplinary and ontological divisions. The essay argues that Dickinson treats butterflies as aesthetic objects, as animated intelligences, as philosophical and theological symbols, as scientifically significant objects of inquiry, and as fellow creatures, mixing epistemological approaches together, so that a single verse about a butterfly might use terms drawn from art, astronomy, metaphysics, and entomology. It uses the new materialist concepts of emergence, entanglement, assemblage, and manifold to frame a discussion of Dickinson’s postdisciplinary thought, arguing that Dickinson’s poetry has the capacity to startle us into awareness of the manifold ways that we are entangled with the world and each other.
Dickinson Uncut
Authors: Lee Maurice S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This chapter discusses Dickinson’s relationship to the proliferation of print in nineteenth-century America. Dickinson’s poetry and correspondence with Thomas Wentworth Higginson indicate her careful navigation of her era’s rapidly expanding print culture. More specifically, her family’s cutting—and not cutting—of pages in the Atlantic Monthly offer unique evidence of Dickinson’s reading practices and her household’s engagement with Harriet Beecher Stowe’s views of gender and Abraham Lincoln’s stance on slavery. Dickinson’s reading—and not reading—help us understand her writing and mind, the power and limits of source study, and the challenges and opportunities that literature faces in our long information revolution.
Butterfly Tropics
Authors: Arsić Branka 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In many Dickinson poems that have reached us as variants, beings assume strange life. In “Further in Summer Than the Birds,” for instance, crickets are at first well represented, physically and acoustically apparent, and being named. However, in later variants they have a more fragile presence, found on the earth and in the poem through signs that they make, and through a difference they are said to produce, but remaining unnamed or bearing the name of what they are not. Similarly butterflies. In three versions of “Two Butterflies went out at Noon,” the butterflies vanish, reappear, fly away; in one version they might be dead whereas in the other they fight against death and win. This essay discusses the “Two Butterflies” poems through whose variants entomological bodies are transformed, or assume latent presences, as a means of investigating what such transformations do for Dickinson’s understanding of presence, memory, and time. In tracking how Dickinson moves sentences she reads in sermons and letters of her friends and acquaintances into the three variants, and how such sentences are differently distributed and recast at different points in time, in investigating how the poems assume each time different stances toward the text they incorporate, the essay contends that Dickinson’s poetry functions both as archive and a resistance to archiving. That dynamic makes for an archival poetics.
Whose Native Place?
Authors: Brooks Lisa 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Before there was Amherst, there was Nonotuck. When Emily’s ancestor, Nathaniel Dickinson, and a group of withdrawers from the churches at Hartford and Wethersfield sought to settle a plantation on the Connecticut River, they knew they were requesting land in Nonotuck, one of many Indigenous homelands on Kwinitekw, the long river. This essay highlights the prominent role of the Dickinson family in the story of the colonization of the Connecticut River Valley, focusing especially on deeds, negotiations, warfare, and captivity. It also locates Emily Dickinson’s ancestors and the Connecticut River Valley within the larger networks of Native space. The essay focuses on the period 1650–1759, including the Anglo-Abenaki wars and the settlement of Amherst, but touches on nineteenth-century Amherst, as well.
The Death of Little Gib
Authors: Longsworth Polly 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The 1883 typhoid death of Gilbert Dickinson, youngest child of Austin and Sue Dickinson, had large consequences, for it affected the estrangement within Austin and Sue’s marriage, which in turn influenced the convoluted entanglement of publishing Emily Dickinson’s poetry. Gib’s death has long been viewed singularly as a family tragedy. However, information found in the records of Amherst undertaker Edwin Dwight Marsh reveals the boy’s death was more probably part of a wider, unpublished typhoid scourge that afflicted other families in the area. This enlarged context adds nuance for scholars familiar with Dickinson family relations during the final three years of the poet’s life.
Dickinson’s Influence on Recent American Poetry
Authors: Armantrout Rae 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This essay examines Emily Dickinson’s growing influence on contemporary American poets, with reference to some poets frequently discussed in relation to Dickinson (Susan Howe, Lucie Brock-Broido) but primarily with focus on poets rarely discussed in this connection: Rae Armantrout, Fanny Howe, Graham Foust, Peter Gizzi, Carl Phillips, and Catherine Wagner. Looking at the very different ways that these poets have received and responded to Dickinson’s work illuminates both their own stylistic choices and hers. It also raises questions about the nature and meaning of influence and how it is recognized.
“Discretion in the interval–”
Authors: Holmes Gerard 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Emily Dickinson’s writing practice was informed by her knowledge of musical performance, including musical improvisation. The music, oratory, and writing of the nineteenth-century United States was deeply concerned with improvisation. One common method involved in-the-moment creation of performance variations, either on an existing text or completely extemporaneous. Transcribed or printed, these took form as musical variations, which a player might later reperform as written or use to prompt new performance possibilities. Dickinson’s personal music collection included numerous such sheet music variations, and she was known, among friends and family, for her piano improvisations. Improvised performance is fleeting, while print signals longer duration, implying a tension between the two. Yet, ethnomusicologists assert that improvisation and composition coexist not in contrast, but in a mutually reinforcing cycle of creation. In Dickinson studies, there is a similar tension between act and embodiment. Thinking like ethnomusicologists, we might consider expression and artifact as cyclical, interrelated, with Dickinson’s manuscripts functioning something like transcriptions, deriving from and enabling (semi-)private poetic performances, and any alternate words or punctuation in preserved manuscripts comprising a set of performance variations. Doing so accords equal importance to the act of writing and the resulting manuscript. For a given poem, the complete set of manuscripts, including all words, markings, line breaks, and other features, can function for readers like annotated sheet music, recording performance options, and offering the reader a chance to “play” the poems.
The Material and Editorial Condition of Dickinson’s “Master” Documents
Authors: Werner Marta L. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Critical and editorial accounts of Dickinson’s “Master Letters” have represented them as a discrete correspondence comprising three missives composed between 1858 and 1861 and intended for an actual but unidentified recipient. This essay challenges the prevailing understanding of these documents as letters and redraws the boundaries of this textual constellation through an analysis of their material, ramifying conditions and their progress through literary history. Ultimately, the essay proposes that we replace our view of these documents as part of a lost archive of correspondence between the poet and her lover with an understanding of these works as a textual experiment that arises before and alongside the fascicles and that tests the limits of address and genre in order to escape both bibliographical determination and the very coordinates of mastery itself.
Linguistic Turns
Authors: Wolosky Shira 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Despite her reclusion both in life and in her publication history, Dickinson’s poetry embeds her very use of words and their constructions in the language uses around her. Language as publicly shared provides historical context and community for Dickinson’s formal and metaphysical enactments. Dickinson’s verse vacillates between moments of belief and recurrent doubts and anguish about the divine order and its metaphysical structures that puncture her faith, never reaching final resolution, in a language that is shared and historically charged. In Dickinson this context and contest of language have two closely interrelated genealogies. The first is the tradition of figuralism, strong in America from its Puritan founding, which comes to intense and self-conscious new power and transformation in her contemporary world, most dramatically in the writings of Emerson as explored in this essay. The second is the not-coincidentally concomitant reexamination of biblical language. Biblical language in the United States traditionally claimed immense authority. This authority, however, precisely in Dickinson’s period, was being eroded by new methods of biblical Higher Criticism and ways of thinking about historicity. In the arena of American politics and culture, the very power granted the Bible in the antebellum period came to be claimed and hence also undermined by opposing political sides—notably for and against slavery—with increasing shrillness and violence, finally bursting into Civil War. These public contexts penetrate Dickinson’s verse and make her writing at once deeply interior and deeply cultural.
The Role of Behavioral Medicine in Addressing Climate Change-Related Health Inequities
Authors: Nogueira Leticia , White Kristi E , Bell Brooke , Alegria Katie E , Bennett Gary , Edmondson Donald , Epel Elissa , Holman E Alison , Kronish Ian M , Thayer Julian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractClimate change is the greatest threat to global health in human history. It has been declared a public health emergency by the World Health Organization and leading researchers from academic institutions around the globe. Structural racism disproportionately exposes communities targeted for marginalization to the harmful consequences of climate change through greater risk of exposure and sensitivity to climate hazards and less adaptive capacity to the health threats of climate change. Given its interdisciplinary approach to integrating behavioral, psychosocial, and biomedical knowledge, the discipline of behavioral medicine is uniquely qualified to address the systemic causes of climate change-related health inequities and can offer a perspective that is currently missing from many climate and health equity efforts. In this article, we summarize relevant concepts, describe how climate change and structural racism intersect to exacerbate health inequities, and recommend six strategies with the greatest potential for addressing climate-related health inequities.
The Best Laid Plans? A Qualitative Investigation of How Resident Physicians Plan Their Learning
Authors: Branzetti Jeremy , Commissaris Carolyn , Croteau Charlotte , Ehmann Michael R. , Gisondi Michael A. , Hopson Laura R. , Lai Krystal Ya-Fong , Regan Linda 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
Adaptive expertise (AE) has been identified as a critical trait to cultivate in future physicians. The 4-phase master adaptive learner (MAL) conceptual model describes the learning skills and behaviors necessary to develop AE. Though prior work has elucidated skills and behaviors used by MALs in the initial planning phase of learning, most resident learners are not thought to be MALs. In this study, the authors investigated how these majority “typical” learners develop AE by exploring the strategies they used in the planning phase of learning.

Method
Participants were resident physicians at graduate medical education (GME) training programs located at 4 academic medical centers in the United States. Participants participated in semistructured individual interviews in 2021, and interview transcripts were analyzed using constant comparative analysis of grounded theory.

Results
Fourteen subjects representing 8 specialties were interviewed, generating 152 pages of transcripts for analysis. Three themes were identified: “Typical” learners were challenged by the transition from structured undergraduate medical education learning to less-structured GME learning, lacked necessary skills to easily navigate this transition, and relied on trial and error to develop their learning skills.

Conclusions
Participants used trial and error to find learning strategies to help them manage the systemic challenges encountered when transitioning from medical school to residency. The success (or failure) of these efforts was tied to learners’ efficacy with the self-regulated learning concepts of agency, metacognitive goal setting, and motivation. A conceptual model is provided to describe the impact of these factors on residents’ ability to be adaptive learners, and actionable recommendations are provided to help educators’ efforts to foster adaptive learning skills and behaviors. These findings also provided valuable evidence of validity of the MAL model that has thus far been lacking.
Talipes Equinovarus in Loeys-Dietz Syndrome
Authors: Badin Daniel , Atwater Lara C. , Dietz Harry C. , Sponseller Paul D. 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) commonly presents with foot deformities, such as talipes equinovarus (TEV), also known as “clubfoot.” Although much is known about the treatment of idiopathic TEV, very little is known about the treatment of TEV in LDS. Here, we summarize the clinical characteristics of patients with LDS and TEV and compare clinical and patient-reported outcomes of operative versus nonoperative treatment.

Methods:
We identified 47 patients with TEV from a cohort of 252 patients with LDS who presented to our academic tertiary care hospital from 2010 to 2016. A questionnaire, electronic health records, clinical photos and radiographs, and telephone calls were used to collect baseline, treatment, and outcome data. The validated disease-specific instrument was used to determine patient-reported foot/ankle functional limitations after treatment. Patients were categorized into nonoperative and operative groups, with the operative group subcategorized according to whether the posteromedial release was performed.

Results:
Within our TEV cohort, bilateral TEV was present in 40 patients (85%). Thirty-seven patients underwent surgery (14 involving posteromedial release), and 10 were treated nonoperatively. The operative group had a higher incidence of posttreatment foot/ankle functional limitation (71%) than the nonoperative group (25%) (P=0.04). The pain was the most common functional limitation (54%). The posteromedial release was associated with a higher incidence of developing hindfoot valgus compared with surgery not involving posteromedial release (43% vs. 8.7%, P=0.04) and compared with nonoperative treatment (43% vs. 0.0%, P=0.02).

Conclusions:
We found that patients with LDS have a high incidence of bilateral TEV. Operative treatment was associated with posttreatment foot/ankle functional limitations, and posteromedial release was associated with hindfoot valgus overcorrection deformity. These findings could have implications for the planning of surgery for TEV in LDS patients.

Level of Evidence:
Level III—retrospective comparative study
Collagenase Clostridium Histolyticum-aaes for Treatment of Cellulite: A Pooled Analysis of Two Phase-3 Trials
Authors: Bass Lawrence S. , Kaufman-Janette Joely , Joseph John H. , Kaminer Michael S. , Clark James , Fabi Sabrina G. , Gold Michael H. , Katz Bruce E. , Peddy Kappa , Schlessinger Joel , Young V. Leroy , Hurley David , McLane Michael P. , Vijayan Saji , Liu Genzhou , Davis Matthew W. , Goldman Mitchel P. 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Collagen-rich fibrous septae and subcutaneous adipose protrusions play a role in cellulite pathophysiology. Collagenase clostridium histolyticum-aaes (CCH-aaes) injection causes enzymatic release of septae to resolve cellulite depressions and create a skin smoothing effect. This analysis pooled data from two identically designed, phase-3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies to examine the efficacy and safety of CCH-aaes.

Methods:
Adult women with moderate/severe cellulite (3–4 on Clinician Reported Photonumeric Cellulite Severity Scale and Patient Reported Photonumeric Cellulite Severity Scale) on the buttocks received up to three treatment sessions (Days 1, 22, and 43) of subcutaneous CCH-aaes 0.84 mg or placebo per treatment area. Composite and individual component response (≥2-level or ≥1-level improvement from baseline in Patient Reported Photonumeric Cellulite Severity Scale and/or Clinician Reported Photonumeric Cellulite Severity Scale) and additional patient-reported outcomes were determined at Day 71.

Results:
Analysis included 424 CCH-aaes−treated and 419 placebo-treated women. CCH-aaes−treated women were 5.9 times more likely than placebo-treated women to be ≥2-level composite responders at Day 71 (odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 5.9 [2.2–15.4]; P < 0.001). A significantly greater percentage of CCH-aaes−treated women versus placebo-treated women were ≥1-level composite responders at Day 71 (39.4% versus 14.6%; P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses indicated no apparent impact of Fitzpatrick skin type category and baseline cellulite severity (moderate/severe) on CCH-aaes efficacy. An inverse relationship between age and CCH-aaes response was observed in those with a body mass index less than 32 kg per m2. The most common adverse events with CCH-aaes were injection-site bruising and injection-site pain.

Conclusion:
CCH-aaes treatment significantly improved moderate-to-severe buttock cellulite appearance and was generally well tolerated.
Laparoscopic versus open gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer
Authors: Fan Dong , Ge Ping Ping , Wu Qiong , Sun Jin , Kan Jianxun , Lu Tao , Xu Lijian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Radical gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection is the main surgical method for patients with resectable tumors. However, the effects of laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) on Short-term clinical outcomes and long-term survival are still uncertainty for patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC), compared with open gastrectomy (OG). The aim of this umbrella review is to provide a summary overview that evaluates the depth and strength of existing research evidence in order to clarify the potential benefits and harms of LG for AGC compared to OG.

Methods and analysis:
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses about LG versus OG for AGC will be retrieved comprehensively in PubMed, OVid, the Cochrane Library, Web Of Science, Wan Fang, CNKI and the SinoMed databases. Two authors will select studies according to pre-set criteria and evaluate the quality of the studies by using AMSTAR2 tool. Information obtained independently by two authors will be recorded in tabular form. The results of LG vs OG in each outcome will be summarized in narrative form. We will divide the evidence strength of each outcome into high, moderate, low, or very low quality according to Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation standard.

Ethics and dissemination:
Ethical approval as well as informed consent from patients will not be required. The findings of this research will be communicated through conferences, published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated through other digital media.

Protocol registration number:
(INPLASY2021120058).
Ossification of Pterygospinous and Pterygoalar Ligaments and Their Clinical Significance: An Anatomic Study
Authors: Singh Rajani 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Pterygospinous and pterygoalar ligaments, present in close proximity of foramen ovale at the base of skull, ossify creating pterygospinous and pterygoalar foramina, which causes problems in accessing retro and parapharyngeal spaces, trigeminal ganglion for treating trigeminal neuralgia by thermocoagulation and blocking it. Besides, these anatomical entities may compress nearby neurovascular structures causing discomfort to patients. Considering immense clinical significance associated with ossification of pterygospinous and pterygoalar ligaments, the study has been carried out. Aim of the study is to provide extended new classification related to pterygospinous and pterygoalar foramina and associated clinical significance. Seven hundred thirty skull bases were observed for variant ossification pterygospinous and pterygoalar ligaments and a new classification of occurrence of these anomalies has been proposed. Literature search revealed that incidence of formation of various forms of pterygospinous and pterygoalar foramina in world populations ranges between 1% and 31.2% and 1.3% and 62.4%, respectively. The highest incidence of complete pterygospinous foramen was observed in Brazilian population followed by Anatolian population and that of incomplete pterygospinous foramen also in Brazilian population. Various neurovascular structures are present in relation to pterygospinous and pterygoalar ligaments. Comprehension of foramina formed by ossification of these ligaments at the cranial base is imperative for proper planning and treating trigeminal neuralgia, clinical neuralgias involving oral and maxillofacial region and carrying out interventions like transfacial needle approaches to the foramen ovale and also for evaluating skull base radiographs. Therefore, thorough knowledge of these entities is of utmost use to anesthesiologists, dentists, and oral maxillofacial surgeons and neurosurgeons.
The Simultaneous Use of Spring-Mediated Cranioplasty and Distraction Osteogenesis as a Safe Modality for Multi-Suture Craniosynostosis
Authors: Galarza Laura I. , Tran Jessica N. , Hoppe Ian C. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Craniosynostosis caused by premature fusion of the cranial sutures most commonly involves a single suture. Less commonly, multiple sutures may fuse prematurely resulting in complex craniosynostosis. The authors present 1 case of a patient with unilateral sagittal and unilateral lambdoid craniosynostosis treated safely simultaneous with spring-mediated cranioplasty and distraction osteogenesis.