bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineering Predictable Water Supply: The Humans Behind the Tech
Authors: Hyun Christopher , Kumar Tanu , Post Alison E. , Ray Isha 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlthough it was reported in 2012 that 89% of the world’s population had access to piped water, it is estimated that at least one billion people receive this water for fewer than 24 h per day. Intermittency places a variety of burdens upon households, including inadequate quantities of supply at the household level, unpredictability of water utilities in making water available, and a disproportionate time burden on poorer households. For many intermittent water systems, the availability of water is controlled by valvemen who turn access on/off to various portions of their service area. Using this information, NextDrop sends notifications via mobile phones to customers as to when water is likely to be available. Although a pilot of NextDrop was successfully implemented in Hubli-Dharwad in India, NextDrop faced significant challenges when expanding to Bangalore. This case study investigates how a breakdown in the information pipeline, as well as corresponding human factors, prevented adoption of NextDrop in Bangalore. Specifically, randomized controlled trials found that valvemen sent reports of their activities to NextDrop only 70% of the time. Even when NextDrop passed messages onto customers, only 38% of customers reported receiving notifications, primarily because either the household “waiters” for water, usually women, did not have daytime access to the mobile phone registered with NextDrop or the notifications are buried under the many other solicitations and informational messages regularly received via SMS. Valvemen were further studied through observation and semi-structured interviews to understand their incentives for complying with NextDrop.
Technology and Development
Authors: Bishop Menna , Burgess Robin , Zipfel Céline 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTwo major challenges face humanity in the coming century. The first is to generate the innovations and productivity improvements that will keep people on a path to higher standards of living. The second is to ensure that expanding human activity does not generate negative environmental externalities that block this path to progress. In short, our future is about balancing the need for growth with the externalities that arise from that growth.
Connecting Communities Through Mobile Networks: A Case Study of Implementing Community Cellular Networks in the Philippines
Authors: Barela Mary Claire , Cunanan Maria Theresa , Festin Cedric Angelo , Heimerl Kurtis , Jang Esther , Johnson Matthew William , Martinez Philip , Vistal Ronel Vincent 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCommunity networking can provide telecommunications in unserved and underserved areas where markets fail to deliver adequate Internet service due to high risk of investment and limited returns. This has left an estimated 400 million people worldwide in areas uncovered by mobile networks. In much of the Philippines, with just under 70% mobile phone penetration, unserved communities have limited connectivity options. We describe the CoCoMoNets (Connecting Communities through Mobile Networks) project implemented by the University of the Philippines Diliman (UPD) and international researchers, which delivered basic mobile telephony to remote rural barangays through community cellular networks. The core technology is a low-power, low-cost GSM base station operating at a fraction of the capital and recurring costs of traditional equipment. Deploying Filipino community networks presented unique challenges requiring extensive stakeholder coordination, including an MNO, regulators, local governments, local cooperatives, and end users. The project team encountered challenges including spectrum sharing, tower licensing, geographical remoteness, maintenance difficulties, local politics, and community relations. This chapter documents the project’s experiences and challenges in testing the community cellular model in the real world. After 2 years of operation, the researchers summarize their learnings to contribute to the development of future approaches in delivering sustainable last-mile communication access.
A Practical Framework for Research
Authors: Madon Temina , Agnihotri Anustubh , Gadgil Ashok J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis chapter outlines a practical framework for designing scalable technology solutions that solve development challenges. We begin with an overview of the common constraints to sustainable development that often are encountered in the context of poverty. These constraints are based on a large body of research in development economics, political economy, psychology, and other social sciences; and they help to explain why engineering innovations so frequently fail to achieve outcomes when implemented in the real world. In the second part of this chapter, we provide a framework for implementing development engineering projects, consisting of four key activities: innovation, implementation, evaluation, and adaptation. Combining these activities in an iterative (and usually nonlinear) path allows the researcher to anticipate and design around the most common pitfalls associated with “technology for development.”
Monitoring Industrial Pollution in India
Authors: Sudarshan Anant 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMany developing countries are attempting to prevent a rapid deterioration of air quality while still encouraging economic growth. In settings where state capacity is severely limited, enhancing the effectiveness of regulators is critical to success. Previous work has documented how Indian environmental regulators are constrained by having poor information on the pollution emitted by manufacturing plants, due to high monitoring costs, corruption, or staff constraints. This case study discusses a pilot project in the Indian state of Gujarat, designed to evaluate the benefits of Continuous Emissions Monitoring Systems (CEMS) – technology used to remotely monitor pollution emitted by industrial plants in real time. We show how the institutional context in which CEMS was deployed, which included an inflexible legal and regulatory framework and collusion between industry and labs to falsify data, cannot be divorced from an assessment of the performance of the technology solution. The eventual benefits of CEMS in the status quo regulatory framework proved limited. Nevertheless, the technology also provided an opportunity to change the rules of the game, allowing Gujarat to experiment with India’s first emissions trading scheme.
Data Space Best Practices for Data Interoperability in FinTechs
Authors: Serrano Martín , Curry Edward , Walsh Richards , Purtill Gavin , Soldatos John , Ferraris Maurizio , Troiano Ernesto 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis chapter focuses on data interoperability best practices related to semantic technologies and data management systems. It introduces a particular view on how relevant data interoperability is achieved and its effects on developing technologies for the financial and insurance sectors. Financial technology (FinTech) and insurance technology (InsuranceTech) are rapidly developing and have created new business models and transformed the financial and insurance services industry in the last few years. The transformation is ongoing, and like many other domains, the vast amount of information available today known as Big Data, the data generated by IoT, and AI applications and also the technologies for data interoperability, which allows data nowadays to be reused, shared, and exchange, will have a strong influence. It is evident the entire financial sector is in a moment of new opportunities with a new vision for substantial growth. This book chapter analyzes the basis of data space design and discusses the best practices for data interoperability by introducing concepts and illustrating the way to understand how to enable the interoperability of information using a methodological approach to formalize and represent financial data by using semantic technologies and information models (knowledge engineering). This chapter provides a state-of-the-art offer called INFINITECH Way using the discussed best practices and explains how semantics for data interoperability are introduced as part of the FinTechs and InsuranceTech.
A Digital Twin Platform for Industrie 4.0
Authors: Redeker Magnus , Weskamp Jan Nicolas , Rössl Bastian , Pethig Florian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn an Industrie 4.0 (I4.0), rigid structures and architectures applied in manufacturing and industrial information technologies today will be replaced by highly dynamic and self-organizing networks. Today’s proprietary technical systems lead to strictly defined engineering processes and value chains. Interacting Digital Twins (DTs) are considered an enabling technology that could help increase flexibility based on semantically enriched information. Nevertheless, for interacting DTs to become a reality, their implementation should be based on open standards for information modeling and application programming interfaces like the Asset Administration Shell (AAS). Additionally, DT platforms could accelerate development and deployment of DTs and ensure their resilient operation.This chapter develops a suitable architecture for such a DT platform for I4.0 based on user stories, requirements, and a time series messaging experiment. An architecture based on microservices patterns is identified as the best fit. As an additional result, time series data should not be integrated synchronously and directly into AASs, but rather asynchronously, either via streams or time series databases. The developed DT platform for I4.0 is composed of specialized, independent, loosely coupled microservices interacting use case specifically either syn- or asynchronously. It can be structured into four layers: continuous deployment, shop-floor, data infrastructure, and business services layer. An evaluation is carried out based on the DT controlled manufacturing scenario: AAS-based DTs of products and manufacturing resources organize manufacturing by forming highly dynamic and self-organizing networks.Future work should focus on a final, complete AAS integration into the data infrastructure layer, just like it is already implemented on the shop-floor and business services layers. Since with the standardized AAS only one interface type would then be left in the DT platform for I4.0, DT interaction, adaptability, and autonomy could be improved even further. In order to become part of an I4.0 data space, the DT platform for I4.0 should support global discovery, data sovereignty, compliance, identity, and trust. For this purpose, Gaia-X Federation Services should be implemented, e.g., as cross-company connectors.
Coronoidaufbau mittels Beckenkammspan über einen medialen Zugang zur Therapie von chronischen Coronoiddefekten mit posteromedialer Rotationsinstabilität
Authors: Schneider M. M. , Zimmermann F. , Hollinger B. , Zimmerer A. , Burkhart K. J. 
Published: September 2022

Zusammenfassung
Operationsziel
Ziel ist die Wiederherstellung der ulnohumeralen Gelenkkongruenz mit Neutralisierung der posteromedialen Instabilität (PMRI) und der damit einhergehenden chronischen Fehlstellung des Ellenbogens.

Indikationen
Neben akuten Defekten, auf die im Artikel nicht näher eingegangen werden soll, besteht die Indikation zum Coronoidaufbau bei chronischen Defekten der anteromedialen Facette des Coronoids mit PMRI.

Kontraindikationen
Gegen die Durchführung der Operation sprechen fortgeschrittene Knorpelschäden des Ellenbogens sowie allgemeine Kontraindikationen (akuter Infekt, Schwangerschaft, fehlende Operabilität des Patienten etc.)

Operationstechnik
Über einen medialen Zugang wird zunächst das Coronoidbett präpariert. Im Anschluss wird ein autologer Beckenkammspan auf den Defekt aufgebracht, an die Gelenkfläche anpasst und mittels Schrauben- oder Plattenosteosynthese dauerhaft fixiert. Additiv wird eine Rekonstruktion des anterioren Bündels des medialen Kollateralbandes durchgeführt und die Kapsel bzw. Flexoren werden zum Ende der Operation verschlossen respektive rekonstruiert.

Weiterbehandlung
Postoperativ wird eine Bewegungsorthese angepasst, die für 6 Wochen getragen werden sollte. Der Ellenbogen kann unmittelbar nach Operation schmerzadaptiert frei funktionell beübt werden. Die Therapie wird durch einen CPM-Ellenbogenstuhl unterstützt.

Ergebnisse
Zwischen 04/2015 und 11/2017 wurden 10 Patienten mit chronischen Coronoiddefekten mit dieser Technik operiert. Acht der 10 Patienten standen 86 Wochen postoperativ für ein Follow-up zur Verfügung. Die durchschnittlich 41,4 Jahre alten Patienten wiesen postoperativ alle einen gesteigerten Bewegungsumfang, regelrechte radiologische Stellungskontrollen ohne Subluxationen und Verbesserungen in Funktionsscores auf. Ein Patient wurde ausgeschlossen, weil eine Konversion in eine Ellenbogenprothese notwendig wurde. Mit der beschriebenen Technik ließ sich eine objektive wie subjektive Verbesserung der chronischen PMRI erreichen.
Deep inspiration breath-hold radiation therapy in left-sided breast cancer patients: a single-institution retrospective dosimetric analysis of organs at risk doses
Authors: Wolf Jule , Stoller Sabine , Lübke Jördis , Rothe Thomas , Serpa Marco , Scholber Jutta , Zamboglou Constantinos , Gkika Eleni , Baltas Dimos , Juhasz-Böss Ingolf , Verma Vivek , Krug David , Grosu Anca-Ligia , Nicolay Nils H. , Sprave Tanja 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Radiotherapy can induce cardiac injury in left-sided breast cancer cases. Cardiac-sparing irradiation using the deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) technique can achieve substantial dose reduction to vulnerable cardiac substructures compared with free breathing (FB). This study evaluated the dosimetric differences between both techniques at a single institution.

Methods
From 2017 to 2019, 130 patients with left-sided breast cancer underwent breast-conserving surgery (BCS; n = 121, 93.1%) or mastectomy (ME; n = 9, 6.9%) along with axillary lymph node staging (n = 105, 80.8%), followed by adjuvant irradiation in DIBH technique; adjuvant systemic therapy was included if applicable. 106 (81.5%) patients received conventional and 24 (18.5%) hypofractionated irradiation. Additionally, 12 patients received regional nodal irradiation. Computed tomography (CT) scans in FB and DIBH position were performed for all patients. Intrafractional 3D position monitoring of the patient surface in deep inspiration and breath gating was performed using Sentinel and Catalyst HD 3D surface scanning systems (C-RAD, Catalyst, C‑RAD AB, Uppsala, Sweden). Individual coaching and determination of breathing amplitude during the radiation planning CT was performed. Three-dimensional treatment planning was performed using standard tangential treatment portals (6 or 18 MV). The delineation of cardiac structures and both lungs was done in both the FB and the DIBH scan.

Results
All dosimetric parameters for cardiac structures were significantly reduced (p < 0.01 for all). The mean heart dose (Dmean) in the DIBH group was 1.3 Gy (range 0.5–3.6) vs. 2.2 Gy (range 0.9–8.8) in the FB group (p < 0.001). The Dmean for the left ventricle (LV) in DIBH was 1.5 Gy (range 0.6–4.5), as compared to 2.8 Gy (1.1–9.5) with FB (p < 0.001). The parameters for LV (V10 Gy, V15 Gy, V20 Gy, V23 Gy, V25 Gy, V30 Gy) were reduced by about 100% (p < 0.001). The LAD Dmean in the DIBH group was 4.1 Gy (range 1.2–33.3) and 14.3 Gy (range 2.4–37.5) in the FB group (p < 0.001). The median values for LAD such as V15 Gy, V20 Gy, V25 Gy, V30 Gy, and V40 Gy decreased by roughly 100% (p < 0.001). An increasing volume of left lung in the DIBH position resulted in dose sparing of cardiac structures.

Conclusion
For all ascertained dosimetric parameters, a significant dose reduction could be achieved in DIBH technique.
Neue S3-Leitlinie Prostatakarzinom 2021 (Version 6.2) – Was hat sich beim fortgeschrittenen Prostatakarzinom geändert?
Authors: Thomas C. , Schrader A. J. 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungZur Therapie des metastasierten hormonsensitiven oder kastrationsresistenten Prostatakarzinoms (mHSPC, mCRPC) gab es in den letzten Jahren zahlreiche neue Erkenntnisse aus klinischen Studien. Die neu zugelassenen Behandlungsoptionen machen die Therapieplanung und Therapiesequenz anspruchsvoller. Hinzu kommt, dass die Lokaltherapie des metastasierten Prostatakarzinoms zunehmend an Bedeutung gewinnt. Im neuen Update 6.2 der S3-Leitlinie zum Prostatakarzinom vom Oktober 2021 wurden die neuen Entwicklungen bei den Empfehlungen zur Behandlung des mHSPC und mCRPC umgesetzt, deren wichtigsten Neuerungen und die daraus resultierenden Empfehlungen für die Praxis dargestellt werden.
Functional biomarkers derived from computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging differentiate PDAC subgroups and reveal gemcitabine-induced hypo-vascularization
Authors: Heid Irina , Trajkovic-Arsic Marija , Lohöfer Fabian , Kaissis Georgios , Harder Felix N. , Mayer Moritz , Topping Geoffrey J. , Jungmann Friderike , Crone Barbara , Wildgruber Moritz , Karst Uwe , Liotta Lucia , Algül Hana , Yen Hsi-Yu , Steiger Katja , Weichert Wilko , Siveke Jens T. , Makowski Marcus R. , Braren Rickmer F. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a molecularly heterogeneous tumor entity with no clinically established imaging biomarkers. We hypothesize that tumor morphology and physiology, including vascularity and perfusion, show variations that can be detected by differences in contrast agent (CA) accumulation measured non-invasively. This work seeks to establish imaging biomarkers for tumor stratification and therapy response monitoring in PDAC, based on this hypothesis.

Methods and materials
Regional CA accumulation in PDAC was correlated with tumor vascularization, stroma content, and tumor cellularity in murine and human subjects. Changes in CA distribution in response to gemcitabine (GEM) were monitored longitudinally with computed tomography (CT) Hounsfield Units ratio (HUr) of tumor to the aorta or with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ΔR1 area under the curve at 60 s tumor-to-muscle ratio (AUC60r). Tissue analyses were performed on co-registered samples, including endothelial cell proliferation and cisplatin tissue deposition as a surrogate of chemotherapy delivery.

Results
Tumor cell poor, stroma-rich regions exhibited high CA accumulation both in human (meanHUr 0.64 vs. 0.34, p < 0.001) and mouse PDAC (meanAUC60r 2.0 vs. 1.1, p < 0.001). Compared to the baseline, in vivo CA accumulation decreased specifically in response to GEM treatment in a subset of human (HUr −18%) and mouse (AUC60r −36%) tumors. Ex vivo analyses of mPDAC showed reduced cisplatin delivery (GEM: 0.92 ± 0.5 mg/g, vs. vehicle: 3.1 ± 1.5 mg/g, p = 0.004) and diminished endothelial cell proliferation (GEM: 22.3% vs. vehicle: 30.9%, p = 0.002) upon GEM administration.

Conclusion
In PDAC, CA accumulation, which is related to tumor vascularization and perfusion, inversely correlates with tumor cellularity. The standard of care GEM treatment results in decreased CA accumulation, which impedes drug delivery. Further investigation is warranted into potentially detrimental effects of GEM in combinatorial therapy regimens.
Five-year results after total knee arthroplasty in lymphoedema and lipoedema: encouraging functional and clinical outcomes and low rates of infection
Authors: Granger Luke , Bolam Scott M. , Sur Avtar , Mitchell Philip , Hutt Jonathan , Sandiford Nemandra A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to define outcomes after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in lymphoedema and lipoedema patients managed by a multidisciplinary team and daily compression bandaging.

Methods
A retrospective study was performed in a single centre. Between 2007 and 2018, 36 TKA procedures were performed on 28 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of lymphoedema and lipoedema. Oxford Knee Scores (OKS), EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) scores, satisfaction scores, radiographs, and complications were obtained at the final follow-up. Patients were admitted to the hospital up to two weeks prior to surgery and remained on the ward for daily compression bandaging by the specialist lymphoedema team.

Results
Over the study period, 36 TKAs were performed on 28 patients (5 males, 23 females) with a mean age of 71 years (range 54–90). Of these, 30 TKAs were in patients with lymphoedema, five with lipoedema, and one with a dual diagnosis. Overall, 28 TKAs (21 patients) were available at the final follow-up with a mean follow-up time of 61 months (range 9–138). The mean BMI was 38.5 kg/m2. The mean pre-operative and post-operative Oxford Knee Score increased from 18 (range 2–38) to 29 (range 10–54); p < 0.001. EQ-5D score increased from 0.48 (range 0.15–0.80) to 0.74 (0.34–1.00) (p < 0.001). Mean post-operative satisfaction was 7.6/10 (range 2–10), with 89.3% TKAs satisfied. Complications were one (4%, 1/28) deep vein thrombosis, one superficial wound infection, one prosthetic joint infection, one stiff knee requiring manipulation, and one intra-operative femoral fracture.

Conclusions
Lymphoedema and lipoedema should not be seen as barriers to TKA if adopting a multidisciplinary approach.
SVF-GEL Cryopreserved for Different Times Exhibits Varied Preservation and Regeneration Potential After Transplantation in a Mouse Model
Authors: Tao Yue , Zhao Zheng-Nan , Xiang Xin-Jian , Liang Ze-Xu , Zhao Yu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Matrix vascular component (SVF) gels derived from fat preserve tissue integrity and cell viability under cryopreserved conditions, making them easy to inject again for later use. Here, we compared the preservation power and regeneration potential of SVF-gel under different cryopreservation times.

Methods
The SVF-gel stored under − 20 °C, without cryoprotectant cryopreservation for 5, 15, and 45 days, with fresh SVF-gel as control. We evaluated the rate of volume retention after thawing the SVF-gel and the apoptosis rate of adipose-derived stem cells. Next, we analyzed retention rated, adipogenesis, angiogenesis, and connective tissue hyperplasia of the grafts, one month after subcutaneously transplanting the specimen into immunodeficient mice.

Results
SVF-gel cryopreserved for 5 and 15 days exhibited no significant different in apoptosis rates relative to the control group. Extending the cryopreservation time to 45 days resulted in significantly increased and decreased apoptosis and volume retention rates of SVF-gel, respectively. SVF-gel grafts cryopreserved for 5 and 15 days exhibited no significant differences from those in the control group, although their weights and volumes still fluctuated. Extending the cryopreservation time to 45 days resulted in significantly decreased retention rates of the grafts. Histologically, extending freezing time resulted in a gradual decline in the graft’s health adipose tissue, as well as decreased angiogenesis, and connective tissue hyperplasia.

Conclusion
Simple freezing of SVF-gel at − 20 °C conferred them with sufficient cell viability. Notably, short-term cryopreservation did not significantly increase the apoptosis rate, and it still had a certain regeneration after transplantation. However, prolonging freezing time to 45 days resulted in increased apoptosis rate and worsened transplantation effect.

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