bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Geographical Analysis for the Environmental Consequences of the Tourism Activities in Dukan District
Authors: Saleem Shkur Selam , Omer Luqman Usw 
Published: June 2022

The aim behind writing this research is to point out the environmental issues of the area which has resulted from the tourism activities, that is to say, it is to indicate the type and size of the environmental damage. In this respect, suitable solutions for environmental issues resulted from the tourism activities in the district have been suggested. In the research, it has been found that tourism activities are one of the forms of environmental issues and pollution in the area. This is due to the burden of the tourism activities in some particular areas of the district, sometimes it has become a threat to the environment of the destruct, the pollution of the tourism sites by solid, liquid and food waste and littering of visitors which caused land, and visual pollution by leaving various waste types in the streets and view of the tourism sites in the district. In addition to that, the issue of noise pollution by the deficiency of traffic system, congestion and overcrowding, the narrowness of the streets in the season of tourism caused noise pollution. Above all, some other environmental issues which resulted in tourism projects ,such as agricultural land losses which is only during(10 ) years approximately(6253) dunams converted for tourism purposes.
The First Message Incalligraphy By Muhammad bin Adam Al-Rusta’i Al-Balki Al-Kurdi (1237 )
Authors: Khidr Khidr Abdullah 
Published: June 2022

This study is to investigate and clarify on an old small message which is about an important science and independent arabic language, which is calligraphy or the art of dictation and drawing of words and letters, which has elements and origins in which ancient scientists consider in various ways. Some of them refers to the facilitation of drawing common and frequently used words. Another part is intended to remove the ambiguity and confusion that occurs between similar words ,the last part is intended to explain its vocabulary and stem.
The author of the message is senior Mohammed Adam (1160-1237) he called the first message: calligraphy is divided into preface and two chapters , the preface section introduced dictation with what it needs to draw and dictation . After that, in the fist chapter he addressed elements and origins of inscription in the second chapter addressed the things that should be considered beside its elements and divided into two hinges. The first hinge is about the letter that no stable image in Arabic language it is changeable in writing which is named hamza, in the second hinge is about the letters which has altered roots to indicate either combine, agglutination, increase, decrease, rupture, exchange or signify. Then, in a complemental way he mentioned that how to know and what the connection between (ya) and (waw). Hence, we investigated and clarified according to the scientific way and we tried do best put the texts as it exists if we met errors we tried to correct them. The author influenced and followed the path of the former scientists especially the kurdish version of book of Shafiyi Hajibi in which the author used some terms are differ from our time today in its meaning. Such as: topic, research, hinge and other scientific terms. The author used and cited a few verses and Hadith. So, we rely on many new and old sources we wrote abstract, introduction, conclusion and menu for the verses.
Film as Philosophy
Authors: Ahmed Nabaz Samad 
Published: June 2022

Although the relationship between film and philosophy begins in the early twentieth century with Hugo Munsterberg’s book ''The Photoplay: A Psychological Study'', only in the late twentieth century and early twenty-first century the relationship take into account seriously among both philosophers and film theorists. As a result, an intense philosophical debate has arisen about what is film-philosophy? What is the relationship between film and philosophy? Are films genuinely capable of doing philosophy? Or does film capable of being a philosophical work (text)? Although almost all participants in this debate acknowledge that films can, at minimum, bring a philosophical issue to the awareness of their audiences, there is disagreement about how much more films can do philosophically. In this paper, I will analyse, on the one hand, the historical relationship between film and philosophy, on the other hand, analyse the film as philosophy thesis.
This paper has been divided into two parts and each part is also subdivided into two sections. In the first part, I will explore the historical relationship between film and philosophy: doubting film as art (section one) and photography and technological reproduction (section two), then in the second part, I will analyse the film as philosophy thesis: explore the philosophy in film (section one) and examine the film as philosophy (section two). In this paper, I will apply the critical analysis method to examine the film as philosophy thesis.
News Coverage of Syrian Kurdish Issues on Arab Satellite Channels
Authors: Othman Rizan Abdi , Ali Hoshyar Muzaffar , Muhammad Ariana Ibrahim 
Published: June 2022

News service is one of the basic constants provided by television، as satellite channels are very concerned to produce news bulletins، thanks to live service via satellite، the world today can live the event at the moment of happening.
One of the Arab channels that have been proceeding in covering events through its news programs، is Al-Arabiya Al-Hadath satellite channel، which، since its founding in 2012، it has sought to develop its human and technical capabilities، in a way that enables it to be distinctive and attract a largest number of audiences، in light of the frantic competition between Arab satellite channels، to win the lead in this field
In his study، the researcher addressed، covering news of Syrian Kurdish issues on Al-Arabiya Al-Hadath channel، taking from the main news bulletins about Syrian issue، as a matter for his research (study).
This research is descriptive، it adopted a content analysis form to reach the goals it seeks to achieve، and the collection of this research is all news materials in news bulletins of Al-Arabiya Al-Hadath channel regarding the Syrian issue، the Syrian revolution and Syrian Kurds issues، after 2011، which consists of (142) articles، from 19-10-2020 to 19-01-2021، that is، for a period of three consecutive months.
The Politic at the Context of Globalization (Theorical and Analytical Research)
Authors: Elias Saleem Patros , Yahya Nazar Ahmed 
Published: June 2022

Globalization is a new world phenomenon totality of multi economy, social, cultural and political. As a result of developing industry, technology and modern community information. In 18th century globalization come into reality, but usage as a concept was new. after second half of 1980 this concept used widly.
In this research, the researcher is trying to explore globalization concepts as a single packet, relationship to each other and showing the influence globalization phenomena over nation- states around the world, like several development concepts. Demonstraties such as (Ulrich Beck, Anthony Giddens, walter walrestein) with a lot of opinions, some other concepts show logical documents then demonstraties on private sides of political globalization, because of this concept the world situation will be changing.
Even the researcher try to make argument among their opinions in the contiariety points or corporate points with adding the researchers opinion about showing Kurdistan regional as a non nation- state in the world policy and its role in formulating global policy in brief. Also trying to expect and know thiese factors which make globalization effective model on other countries, especially in politic situation its reaction on globalization process in good and bad impact on political situation. Invironmental, economy … etc. after that, we must know that now adays globalization process is going much faster or slower? Do global policy formulators go to the good direction and its influence in the future? This one and other questions which the researcher revealed.
The research in theoretical has a great role like increasing opposition theory and idea about globalization influence over rational countries in general especially in political situation. Because of it, the researcher try to stand with intellectual view in globalization process make discussion after that in some logical documents have a new and special research beneficial.
The goals of research are: To know the political situation of globalization concept now and other world countries reaction over this concept. Know the intellectual views globalization concept and academic discussion and scientific, that is happening among them? Reality of good or bad effects of nation- states in this process. Know the Kurdistan regional political position in new world participate in global policy formulation.
The Effect of a Counseling Program of Developing Psychological Well-Being Among 6 Year Displaced Students who Lives at the Refugee Camps in Erbil
Authors: Mohammad Amina Najeem , Kamil Salma Hussein , Aziz Izaddin Ahmad 
Published: June 2022

The initial studies indicate the role of psychological well-being in reducing the negative psychological impact among displaced children. Therefore، the current study aimed to design a counseling program to the develop the psychological well-being among displaced children who lives in the refugee camps in Erbil. Also، the study aimed to identify the impact of the program that established to prompt well-being according to the gender variable. The current research is applied on the year 6 students they were selected from the primary schools at Bahrka camp in Erbil governorate from both gender Male-female for the academic year (2020-2021). The researches at the current study were followed procedures that are:
1- Establishing appropriate program psychological well-being through reviewing related articles and literature.

For the face validity the items (psychological well-being) were presented to a group of experts in education and psychology.
The initial sample size was study (59) male and female students were randomly selected.
The stability of the scale was extracted by the re-test method، as it reached (0.80) in the psychological quality scale.

The pre- and post-experimental approach was followed to measure the effect of the counseling program، and after the two groups were equal، the pre-test was applied to both the experimental and control samples. The research found that there were statistically significant differences between the members of the experimental group in the pre and post tests on the psychological well-being scale in favor of the post news، and there were no statistically significant differences between the members of the control group in the pre and post tests on the psychological well-being scale، and also showed no differences Statistically significant among the members of the experimental group themselves according to the variable of sex، and among the members of the control group themselves according to the variable of sex in the pre and post tests on the psychological well-being scale.
In light of the research results a number of conclusions were reached and a number of recommendations and suggestions were made.
Depressive Disorders in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder With and Without Intellectual Disability
Authors: Jaff Rushdi Ali Mirza , Osman Kani Salar 
Published: June 2022

The research objectives were determined in identifying the prevalence rates of depressive disorders (Major and Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorders) among children with autism spectrum disorder, and Identifying the difference in depressive disorder (major and Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder) among children with autism spectrum disorder according to the variables of intellectual disability (accompanied and unaccompanied) and age (6,10) years.
To achieve the objectives of the current research, the two researchers prepared two scales for depression disorders, according to (DSM-5), and then extracted the appropriate psychometric properties for them (item analysis, validity, and reliability). These two scales were applied to a sample of (380) male and female children with autism, (292) male and (88) female, distributed among (8) governmental and private rehabilitation centers in the governorates of (Sulaymaniyah, Erbil, and Dohuk), chosen by the intentional method. The results indicated that there is a difference in the prevalence of depressive disorders according to the accompanying intellectual disability in favor of autistic people who are not associated with intellectual disability, and a significant difference in the two depressive disorders according to the age variable in favor of the autistic at the age of (10) years, according to the supervisors’ questionnaire, and this was not the case according to the parents’ questionnaire. And there is an effect of a significant interaction between the variables of intellectual disability (accompanied and unaccompanied) and age (6,10) years, in the disruptive mooddysregulation disorder according to the questionnaire of parents and supervisors, in favor of the autistic people who are not associated with intellectual disability at the age of (10) years.
Efficiency of Health Services in the District of Aqrah Using Geographic Information Systems
Authors: Mustafa Fatimah Qader , Abbas Hoshmand Jawhar , Saeed Tank Osman 
Published: June 2022

Health services are an indicator of human development because they are linked to development and development planning, and they constitute one of the important social sectors that each country seeks to develop and achieve the quality of its service product and provide it to all members of society.
This research aims to clarify the reality of health services in the district of Aqrah in terms of their basic components, to reveal the most important differences and discrepancies that exist in order to take the necessary measures and procedures that contribute to achieving and ensuring the efficiency and adequacy of health components.
Cognitive Distortions and Its Relation to some Variables of University Students
Authors: Hasan Zhala Abubakr Hasan , Sadiq Muhamad Muhyadin 
Published: June 2022

The aim of the current research is to build a scale of cognitive distortions among university students, to identify the level of cognitive distortions among university students, and to know the significance of statistical differences in cognitive distortions according to gender, specialization and stage of study. The current research is limited to students of Salah al-Din University in Erbil governorate in its various faculties and who are continuing in morning studies according to the variables (gender, specialization, academic stage) for the academic year (2020-2021). The current research relied on the following procedures to obtain the scale:
1-A scale of cognitive distortions was developed and built according to the Beak model, consisting of (7) dimensions: (dual thinking, overgeneralization, personalism, compulsions and imperatives, false interpretation, and unfair comparison).
2-Presenting the items (cognitive distortions) to a group of experts in education and psychology to extract the apparent validity of the cognitive distortions scale as well as extracting the construction echo for them.
3-The research sample included (500) male and female students who were chosen randomly.
4- Analysis of the scale items using the upper and lower group method.
5- Extracting the stability of the scale by the re-test method, as it reached on the scale (0.83) and in the half-segmentation method for the cognitive distortions scale it reached (0.93) and by the Cronbach’s Alpha method for the scale reached (0.94)
After applying the cognitive distortions scale to the sample members and analyzing their data statistically by using (SPSS), the following results were reached:
1- The sample members had a level of defined distortions.
2- There are no statistically significant differences in cognitive distortions among the university students according to the two variables (gender and specialization), and there are statistically significant differences according to the academic stage variable.
In light of the research results, a number of conclusions were reached and a number of recommendations and suggestions were presented.
Pandemi Covid-19: Problematika Belajar Melalui Media Daring Di Ra Salafiyah Surabaya
Authors: Sa'idah Zahrotus 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis research aims to observe some issues occur in the implementation of E-Learning in RA Salafiyah Surabaya. There are two main things this research would focus on, the first is the issues faced in the E-Elarning in RA Salafiyah during covid-19 pandemic, and the second is the solution offered by RA Salafiyah to solve those issues. This research uses qualitative with descritptive analytic method. This research also uses educational communicative approach to observe the issues. In addition, this study used observation and in-depth interviews against selected speakers and using the theory of diffusion of innovation as a tool in analyzing the findings. Based on the analysis, it is found that RA Salafiyah has faced several issues concerning the E-Learning implementation. Some of wich are the lack of internet and gadget, the lack of knowledge of technonology, and other technical as well as substantive issues. Therefore, RA Salafiyah provides some solutions to solve those issues. Some of which are conducting self assessment (evaluation) during the E-Learning, transforming E-Learning materials, and communicating with students’ parents continiously.Keywords: E-Learning, Pandemic, RA. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengobservasi beberapa masalah yang muncul dalam implementasi pembelajaran daring (E-Learning) di RA Salafiyah Surabaya. Terdapat dua hal yang difokuskan penelitian ini, yaitu berbagai masalah yang dihadapi oleh RA Salafiyah dalam E-Elarning serta solusi yang ditawarkan oleh RA Salafiyah dalam mengatasi masalah tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif disertai dengan deskriptif analitik. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan pendekatan komunikasi pendidikan dalam mengobservasi masalah-masalah tersebut. Selain itu, penelitian ini menggunakan observasi dan wawancara secara mendalam terhadap narasumber terpilih serta menggunakan teori difusi inovasi sebagai alat dalam menganalisa hasil temuan. Berdasakan analisis, ditemukan bahwa RA Salafiyah telah mengahdapi beberapa masalah terkait implementasi E-Learning. Di antaranya adalah keterbatasan internet dan gadget, keterbatasan pengetahuan tentang teknologi, serta masalah lain yang bersifat teknis maupuns substantive. Untuk itu, RA Salafiyah menawarkan beberapa solusi untuk masalah tersebut. Di antaranya, melaksanakan evaluasi diri (self assessment), merubah materi dalam E-Learning, dan berkomunikasi secara kontinyu dengan orang tua murid.Kata kunci: E-Learning, Pandemic, RA.
Persepsi Orangtua Terhadap Pentingnya Pendidikan Seksual Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Arika Hesti Wela , Ichsan Ichsan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe background of the problem from this research is that parents do not understand about sexual education besides that they still think that sexual education is taboo to be given to children. So that the child cannot yet distinguish which body parts are allowed to be touched and which are not to be touched by the opposite gender. This study aims to see how many parents agree about providing sexual education to their children. This study uses a survey method with a quantitative approach. Sampling used in this study using non-probability sampling with purposive sampling technique with the criteria of parents who have children aged 5-6 years. The research sample was 50 parents who had children aged 5-6 years. Methods of data collection using a questionnaire. While the analysis of research data in the form of descriptive quantitative. The result of this research is that there are 40 parents with a percentage of 80% of the opinion that the importance of sexual education is given to children, while 10 respondents with a percentage of 20% think that sex education is not important to children.Keywords: : parents, sexual education, early childhood AbstrakLatar belakang masalah dari penelitian ini bahwa orangtua belum memahami tentang pendidikan seksual selain itu masih mengganggap bahwa pendidikan seksual tabu untuk diberikan kepada anak. Sehingga anak belum bisa membedakan bagian tubuh mana yang boleh disentuh dan tidak boleh disentuh oleh lawan jensinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat berapa banyak orangtua yang setuju tentang pemberian pendidikan seksual kepada anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan pendekatan kuantitaif. Pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan non probability sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling dengan kriteria orangtua yang memiliki anak usia 5-6 tahun. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 50 orangtua yang memiliki anak usia 5-6 tahun. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner. Sedangkan analisis data penelitian berupa deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat 40 orangtua dengan presentase 80 % berpendapat bahwa pentingnya pendidikan seksual diberikan kepada anak sedangkan 10 responden dengan presentase 20% berpendapat bahwa pendidikan seksual tidak penting diberikan kepada anak. Kata kunci: orangtua, pendidikan seksual, anak usia dini
PENGOLAHAN DAGING AYAM FROZEN SEBAGAI PENINGKATAN PEMASARAN AYAM POTONG
Authors: Sajekti Tjipto , Supiyadi Dedi , Saputro Arie Hendra 
Published: June 2022

Permasalahan yang terjadi adalah persediaan ayam potong banyak yang tidak terjual dan dijual dengan harga yang rendah. Solusi dari permasalahan tersebut adalah dengan memberikan diferensiasi produk berupa produk frozen food dengan inovasi produk yang telah dimasakan matang siap saji dengan tambahan bumbu instan seperti sambal dan lainnya. Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini bertujuan untuk mendampingi, memberikan pelatihan dan memberikan bimbingan pada UMKM Ayam Sapi.Com dalam meningkatkan kapasitas produksi dan pemasaran sekala nasional. Dengan pendampingan dan pelatihan kepada mitra diharapkan kondisi mitra dapat bertahan dan lebih mengembangkan usaha bisnis. Metode yang yang dicapai untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh AyamSapi.com sebagai mitra adalah sebagai berikut: 1) Pengolahan daging ayam potong dengan teknologi frozen food, 2) membuat laporan keuangan sederhana. Pengembangan bisnis perlu adanya inovasi produk sebagai varian baru. Inovasi membantu mitra dalam bertahan dan mengembangkan produk. Hasil kegiatan yang dapat dihasilkan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah mitra dapat berinovasi dalam membuat produk frozen food. Adanya adanya inovasi produk akan membantu mitra untuk bertahan dari krisis dan pandemic covid 19. Frozen food merupakan bentuk inovasi produk untuk dapat memberikan nilai tambah dan mengurangi bahan baku membusuk, sehingga bahan baku ayam potong tidak terbuang dengan percuma. Hasil kegiatan lainnya adalah mitra dapat menyusun laporan keuangan sesuai standar akuntansi keuangan membantu mitra dalam melacak dan memonitoring langsung pemasukan dan pengeluaran yang sudah dilakukan oleh mitra. Dengan adanya frozen food menjadikan salah satu produk yang dapat menambah nilai jual mitra sehingga mitra terhindar dari kerugian.