bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ankyrin–Tiam1 Interaction Promotes Rac1 Signaling and Metastatic Breast Tumor Cell Invasion and Migration
Authors: Bourguignon Lilly Y.W. , Zhu Hongbo , Shao Lijun , Chen Yue Wei 
Published: July 2002

Tiam1 (T-lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1) is one of the known guanine nucleotide (GDP/GTP) exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho GTPases (e.g., Rac1) and is expressed in breast tumor cells (e.g., SP-1 cell line). Immunoprecipitation and immunoblot analyses indicate that Tiam1 and the cytoskeletal protein, ankyrin, are physically associated as a complex in vivo. In particular, the ankyrin repeat domain (ARD) of ankyrin is responsible for Tiam1 binding. Biochemical studies and deletion mutation analyses indicate that the 11–amino acid sequence between amino acids 717 and 727 of Tiam1 (717GEGTDAVKRS727L) is the ankyrin-binding domain. Most importantly, ankyrin binding to Tiam1 activates GDP/GTP exchange on Rho GTPases (e.g., Rac1).
Using an Escherichia coli–derived calmodulin-binding peptide (CBP)–tagged recombinant Tiam1 (amino acids 393–728) fragment that contains the ankyrin-binding domain, we have detected a specific binding interaction between the Tiam1 (amino acids 393–738) fragment and ankyrin in vitro. This Tiam1 fragment also acts as a potent competitive inhibitor for Tiam1 binding to ankyrin. Transfection of SP-1 cell with Tiam1 cDNAs stimulates all of the following: (1) Tiam1–ankyrin association in the membrane projection; (2) Rac1 activation; and (3) breast tumor cell invasion and migration. Cotransfection of SP1 cells with green fluorescent protein (GFP)–tagged Tiam1 fragment cDNA and Tiam1 cDNA effectively blocks Tiam1–ankyrin colocalization in the cell membrane, and inhibits GDP/GTP exchange on Rac1 by ankyrin-associated Tiam1 and tumor-specific phenotypes. These findings suggest that ankyrin–Tiam1 interaction plays a pivotal role in regulating Rac1 signaling and cytoskeleton function required for oncogenic signaling and metastatic breast tumor cell progression.
Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 6 Is Essential in the Induction of Contact Hypersensitivity
Authors: Yokozeki Hiroo , Ghoreishi Mehran , Takagawa Shinsuke , Takayama Kaoru , Satoh Takahiro , Katayama Ichiro , Takeda Kiyoshi , Akira Shizuo , Nishioka Kiyoshi 
Published: July 2002

Contact hypersensitivity (CHS) is thought to be mainly associated with the activation of T helper type 1 (Th1) cells. However, there is also evidence that Th2 cells or Th2 cytokines play a role in the development of CHS. To analyze the functional contribution of Th2 cytokines interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13, signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6)-deficient (STAT6−/−) and wild-type (wt) control C57BL/6 mice were contact sensitized with 5% 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB), 0.5% 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene, or 5% 4-ethoxyl methylene-2-phenyl-2-oxazolin-5-one, and any skin reactions were examined. Ear swelling was significantly reduced with a delayed peak response in STAT6−/− mice compared with wt mice.
A histological analysis revealed that the infiltration of both eosinophils and neutrophils in the skin challenged after 24 h in STAT6−/− mice decreased substantially compared with that in wt mice. The expression of Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5) in TNCB-challenged skin tissues and the supernatants from T cells stimulated by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonate–modified spleen cells, as well as the immunoglobulin (Ig)E and IgG1 response after challenge, were also profoundly reduced in STAT6−/− mice, whereas the expression of interferon γ was the same in STAT6−/− and wt mice after challenge. Furthermore, adoptive transfer experiments revealed that STAT6−/− mice induced CHS after injection of lymph node cells obtained from sensitized wt mice. Our data suggest that the STAT6 signal plays a critical role in the induction phase of CHS.
Oral bioequivalence of three ciprofloxacin formulations following single-dose administration: 500 mg tablet compared with 500 mg/10 mL or 500 mg/5 mL suspension and the effect of food on the absorption of ciprofloxacin oral suspension
Authors: Shah Anita , Liu Ming-Chung , Vaughan David , Heller Allen H. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
The oral bioequivalence and tolerability of two ciprofloxacin formulations (tablet and suspension) and the effect of food on the absorption of ciprofloxacin oral suspension were investigated. Sixty-eight young, healthy male subjects participated in two separate, randomized, crossover studies. In study 1, ciprofloxacin as a single 500 mg tablet or as 500 mg/10 mL oral suspension was administered in a fasted state on day 1. In study 2, subjects participated in a three-way crossover study in which ciprofloxacin suspension was administered as 500 mg/ 10 mL in a fasted state, or 500 mg/10 mL with food, or 500 mg/5 mL in a fasted state. Plasma ciprofloxacin concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Standard pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using non-compartmental methods. In study 1, geometric mean Cmax values of ciprofloxacin following the single 500 mg tablet and 500 mg/10 mL suspension doses were 2.36 and 2.18 mg/L, respectively; corresponding geometric mean tmax values were 1.1 and 1.6 h, respectively. Geometric mean AUC 0–∞ values were 12.0 and 11.8 mg⋅h/L, respectively. In study 2, geometric least squares mean Cmax values following ciprofloxacin 500 mg/10 mL and 500 mg/5 mL suspension during fasted conditions were 1.54 and 1.59 mg/L, respectively. Corresponding geometric least squares mean AUC 0–∞ values were 7.3 and 8.0 mg⋅h/L. Administration of ciprofloxacin 500 mg/10 mL suspension, in either a fasted or fed state, was not associated with significant changes in Cmax (1.54 mg/L for fasted vs 1.37 mg/L for fed) or AUC 0–∞ values (7.28 mg·h/L for fasted vs 8.19 mg·h/L for fed). Each ciprofloxacin formulation was well tolerated for the duration of each study. These studies demonstrated bioequivalence between ciprofloxacin 500 mg tablet and two strengths of ciprofloxacin suspension (500 mg/10 mL and 500 mg/5 mL). Bioavailability was unaltered by food.
Mass spectrometric analysis of a UV‐cross‐linked protein–DNA complex: Tryptophans 54 and 88 ofE. coliSSB cross‐link to DNA
Authors: Steen Hanno , Petersen Jørgen , Mann Matthias , Jensen Ole N. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractProtein–nucleic acid complexes are commonly studied by photochemical cross‐linking. UV‐induced cross‐linking of protein to nucleic acid may be followed by structural analysis of the conjugated protein to localize the cross‐linked amino acids and thereby idey the nucleic acid binding site. Mass spectrometry is becoming increasingly popular for characterization of purified peptide–nucleic acid heteroconjugates derived from UV cross‐linked protein–nucleic acid complexes. The efficiency of mass spectrometry‐based methods is, however, hampered by the contrasting physico‐chemical properties of nucleic acid and peptide entities present in such heteroconjugates. Sample preparation of the peptide–nucleic acid heteroconjugates is, therefore, a crucial step in any mass spectrometry‐based analytical procedure. This study demonstrates the performance of four different MS‐based strategies to characterizeE. colisingle‐stranded DNA binding protein (SSB) that was UV‐cross‐linked to a 5‐iodouracil containing DNA oligomer. Two methods were optimized to circumvent the need for standard liquid chromatography and gel electrophoresis, thereby dramatically increasing the overall sensitivity of the analysis. Enzymatic degradation of protein and oligonucleotide was combined with miniaturized sample preparation methods for enrichment and desalting of cross‐linked peptide–nucleic acid heteroconjugates from complex mixtures prior to mass spectrometric analysis. Detailed characterization of the peptidic component of two different peptide–DNA heteroconjugates was accomplished by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry and allowed assignment of tryptophan‐54 and tryptophan‐88 as candidate cross‐linked residues. Sequencing of those peptide–DNA heteroconjugates by nanoelectrospray quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry ideied tryptophan‐54 and tryptophan‐88 as the sites of cross‐linking. Although the UV‐cross‐linking yield of the protein–DNA complex did not exceed 15%, less than 100 pmole of SSB protein was required for detailed structural analysis by mass spectrometry.
Integrated Urinalysis Devices Based on Interface‐Engineered Field‐Effect Transistor Biosensors Incorporated With Electronic Circuits
Authors: Yang Yanbing , Wang Jingfeng , Huang Wanting , Wan Guojia , Xia Miaomiao , Chen Duo , Zhang Yun , Wang Yiming , Guo Fuding , Tan Jie , Liang Huageng , Du Bo , Yu Lilei , Tan Weihong , Duan Xiangfeng , Yuan Quan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUrinalysis is attractive in non‐invasive early diagnosis of bladder cancer compared with clinical gold standard cystoscopy. However, the trace bladder tumor biomarkers in urine and the particularly complex urine environment pose significant challenges for urinalysis. Here, a clinically adoptable urinalysis device that integrates molecular‐specificity indium gallium zinc oxide field‐effect transistor (IGZO FET) biosensor arrays, a device control panel, and an internet terminal for directly analyzing five bladder‐tumor‐associated proteins in clinical urine samples, is reported for bladder cancer diagnosis and classification. The IGZO FET biosensors with engineered sensing interfaces provide high sensitivity and selectivity for identification of trace proteins in the complex urine environment. Integrating with a machine‐learning algorithm, this device can identify bladder cancer with an accuracy of 95.0% in a cohort of 197 patients and 75 non‐bladder cancer individuals, distinguishing cancer stages with an overall accuracy of 90.0% and assessing bladder cancer recurrence after surgical treatment. The non‐invasive urinalysis device defines a robust technology for remote healthcare and personalized medicine.
Low‐Temperature High‐Areal‐Capacity Rechargeable Potassium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Chen Jiangchun , Yu Dandan , Zhu Qiaonan , Liu Xiaozhi , Wang Jiawei , Chen Wenxing , Ji Runa , Qiu Keliang , Guo Lin , Wang Hua 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHigh mass loading and high areal capacity are key metrics for commercial batteries, which are usually limited by the large charge‐transfer impedance in thick electrodes. This can be kinetically deteriorated under low temperatures, and the realization of high‐areal‐capacity batteries in cold climates remains challenging. Herein, a low‐temperature high‐areal‐capacity rechargeable potassium–tellurium (K–Te) battery is successfully fabricated by knocking down the kinetic barriers in the cathode and pairing it with stable anode. Specifically, the in situ electrochemical self‐reconstruction of amorphous Cu1.4Te in a thick electrode is realized simply by coating micro‐sized Te on the Cu collector, significantly improving its ionic conductivity. Meanwhile, the optimized electrolyte enables fast ion transportation and a stable K‐metal anode at a large current density and areal capacity. Consequently, this K–Te battery achieves a high areal capacity of 1.25 mAh cm−2 at −40 °C, which greatly exceeds those of most reported works. This work highlights the significance of electrode design and electrolyte engineering for high areal capacity at low temperatures, and represents a critical step toward practical applications of low‐temperature batteries.
Centimeter‐Scale Growth of Unidirectional CsCu2I3 Wire Arrays for High Performance UV Photodetectors
Authors: Xu Xing , Jiang Sha , Fan Chao , Deng Qi , Shen Lei , Zhang Qinglin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLead‐free CsCu2I3 has attracted tremendous research interests for photonics and photoelectronics due to their nontoxicity, unique electronic structure, and excellent stability. However, it is still challenging to achieve large‐scale ordered arrays of CsCu2I3 micro/nanowires, which limits their functional applications in integrated optoelectronic devices. Herein, unidirectional CsCu2I3 wire arrays are achieved in centimeter scale through a modified microchannel‐assisted spatial confinement strategy, which can confine the precursor solution into the pre‐fabricated microchannel arrays in large area and control its evaporation. The microstructure characterizations reveal that the orthorhombic CsCu2I3 wires are grown along the c‐axis with high crystallinity. The control experiments and theoretical studies indicate that the initial CsCu2I3 nucleation at the front of the solution in the channels and the stable solute supply maintained by the movement of the coverslip determine the growth of the wires. The photodetectors based on the CsCu2I3 wires show a high responsivity (80 mA W−1 at 365 nm; 1.29 A W−1 at 330 nm) and fast response speed (trise/tdecay = 640 µs/7.1 ms). Furthermore, these CsCu2I3 wire arrays exhibit great potential in future flexible electronic and UV imaging applications. This work opens a new way to grow well‐aligned copper‐based halides nano/microwire arrays for the integrated optoelectronics applications.
Donor‐Node‐Acceptor Type Hole‐Transporting Materials Based on Conjugated Polymers with Perylene Diimide Pendants for High‐Performance Vertical‐Structure Perovskite Photodetectors
Authors: Wang Hailong , Zhang Qinglei , Zhou Jiadong , Su Xiaojun , Xie Guojing , Tang Ningning , Zheng Nan , Liu Linlin , Xie Zengqi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA series of donor‐node‐acceptor (D‐n‐A) type polymers containing linear conjugated backbone as donor and various contents of tetrachloronated perylene diimide (4Cl‐PDI) pendant as acceptor are synthesized for the application as hole‐transporting layers (HTLs) in n‐i‐p structured perovskite photodetectors (PDs). The strong aggregation behaviors of the linear conjugated backbone endow the polymers excellent hole transporting properties, and the strong electron affinity of 4Cl‐PDI pendant enables easily trapping of free electrons. Besides, the 4Cl‐PDI pendants in polymers suppress the intrinsic face‐on orientation of conjugated backbone. Both of the electron‐trapping property of 4Cl‐PDI pendant and the favorable edge‐on orientation of the conjugated backbone are benefits for restraining the dark current in perovskite PDs. Based on such D‐n‐A type hole‐transporting materials, durable vertical‐structure perovskite PDs are successfully demonstrated with superior performance of high responsivity of 0.32 A W−1, high detectivity of 2.2 × 1012 Jones, and fast response speed in microsecond scales.
Elasto‐Optic Effect of Lanthanum‐Modified Lead Zirconate–Lead Titanate Transparent Ceramics: Application in Optical‐Stress Sensors
Authors: Ming Xinhua , Liu Feng , Chen Yong , Chen Ming , Zhang Yan , Liu Bin , Wang Xujing , Sun Zhengguang , Pan Ruikun , Zheng Keyu , Dai Ying , Deng Zhao , He Xiyun , Cao Wanqiang , Wang Shimin , Wang Longhai 
Published: July 2022

AbstractElasto‐optic materials have extensive applications, particularly in sensors, filters, and acousto‐optic modulators in optical–mechanical‐coupled devices. Ferroelectric phenomenological theoretical analyses have shown that materials with large ferroelastic responses also have high elasto‐optic effects, and morphotropic phase‐boundary (MPB) ferroelectrics have substantial ferroelastic coupling; thus, a large elasto‐optic effect can be obtained. In this study, guided by phenomenological theories, lanthanum‐modified lead zirconate–lead titanate (PLZT) transparent ceramics close to MPB are successfully prepared using the hot‐pressing method. The elasto‐optic properties of the PLZT transparent ceramics are investigated using the half‐wave stress and the Sénarmont compensator methods. The results indicate that the PLZT ceramics have high transmittance (higher than 70% in near‐infrared) and a large elasto‐optic effect with a stress‐optic coefficient of 10.41 × 10−12 m2 N−1 (approximately three times that of SiO2). Based on these properties, intensity‐ and interference‐type optical‐stress sensors are designed and realized; better anti‐interference ability can be achieved using the interference‐type sensor. These results indicate that PLZT transparent ceramics are promising candidates for optical–mechanical‐coupled device applications. This study also substantiates that transparent ceramics are novel elasto‐optic materials, which uncover new avenues for the development of elasto‐optic materials with excellent properties.
Delivering the Promise of Gene Therapy with Nanomedicines in Treating Central Nervous System Diseases
Authors: Luo Meihua , Lee Leo Kit Cheung , Peng Bo , Choi Chung Hang Jonathan , Tong Wing Yin , Voelcker Nicolas H. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCentral Nervous System (CNS) diseases, such as Alzheimer's diseases (AD), Parkinson's Diseases (PD), brain tumors, Huntington's disease (HD), and stroke, still remain difficult to treat by the conventional molecular drugs. In recent years, various gene therapies have come into the spotlight as versatile therapeutics providing the potential to prevent and treat these diseases. Despite the significant progress that has undoubtedly been achieved in terms of the design and modification of genetic modulators with desired potency and minimized unwanted immune responses, the efficient and safe in vivo delivery of gene therapies still poses major translational challenges. Various non‐viral nanomedicines have been recently explored to circumvent this limitation. In this review, an overview of gene therapies for CNS diseases is provided and describes recent advances in the development of nanomedicines, including their unique characteristics, chemical modifications, bioconjugations, and the specific applications that those nanomedicines are harnessed to deliver gene therapies.
Visible Light‐induced Decarboxylative Alkylations Enabled by Electron Donor‐Acceptor Complex
Authors: Liu Meng‐Ting , Liu De‐Guang , Qin Zhi‐Wei , Wang Guang‐Zu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe demonstrated herein a versatile protocol for visible‐light‐induced decarboxylative alkylations enabled by electron‐donor acceptor complex. An array of primary, secondary, tertiary and amino acid‐derived redox‐active esters (RAEs) were all amenable substrates to undergo radical decarboxylation to be coupled with a diverse range of nucleophiles, creating diverse C(sp3)−C(sp3) and C(sp3)−C(sp2) bonds with high efficiency. It is worth noting that Katritzky's salt and Togni's reagent were also suitable substrates, affording deaminative alkylation and trifluoromethylation products in high yields. Additionally, a one‐pot two‐step telescoped procedure and continuous‐flow process further increase the synthetic utility of this catalytic system.
Molar form, enamel growth, and durophagy in Cercocebus and Lophocebus
Authors: Guatelli‐Steinberg Debbie , Schwartz Gary T. , O'Hara Mackie C. , Gurian Kaita , Rychel Jess , McGraw W. Scott 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo test the hypothesis that differences in crown structure, enamel growth, and crown geometry in Cercocebus and Lophocebus molars covary with differences in the feeding strategies (habitual vs. fallback durophagy, respectively) of these two genera. Relative to Lophocebus molars, Cercocebus molars are predicted to possess features associated with greater fracture resistance and to differ in enamel growth parameters related to these features.Materials and MethodsSample proveniences are as follows: Cercocebus atys molars are from the Taï Forest, Ivory Coast; Lophocebus albigena molars are from a site north of Makoua, Republic of Congo; and a Lophocebus atterimus molar is from the Lomako Forest, Democratic Republic of Congo. For μCT scans on which aspects of molar form were measured, sample sizes ranged from 5 to 35 for Cercocebus and 3 to 12 for Lophocebus. A subsample of upper molars was physically sectioned to measure enamel growth variables.ResultsPartly as a function of their larger size, Cercocebus molars had significantly greater absolute crown strength (ACS) than Lophocebus molars, supporting the hypothesis. Greater crown heights in Cercocebus are achieved through faster enamel extension rates. Also supporting the hypothesis, molar flare and proportional occlusal basin enamel thickness were significantly greater in Cercocebus. Relative enamel thickness (RET), however, was significantly greater in Lophocebus.DiscussionIf ACS is a better predictor of fracture resistance than RET, then Cercocebus molars may be more fracture resistant than those of Lophocebus. Greater molar flare and proportional occlusal basin thickness might also afford Cercocebus molars greater fracture resistance.
Amyloid‐beta misfolding and GFAP predict risk of clinical Alzheimer's disease diagnosis within 17 years
Authors: Beyer Léon , Stocker Hannah , Rujescu Dan , Holleczek Bernd , Stockmann Julia , Nabers Andreas , Brenner Hermann , Gerwert Klaus 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionBlood‐based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) are urgently needed. Here, four plasma biomarkers were measured at baseline in a community‐based cohort followed over 17 years, and the association with clinical AD risk was determined.MethodsAmyloid beta (Aβ) misfolding status as a structure‐based biomarker as well as phosphorylated tau 181 (P‐tau181), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light (NfL) concentration levels were determined at baseline in heparin plasma from 68 participants who were diagnosed with AD and 240 controls without dementia diagnosis throughout follow‐up.ResultsAβ misfolding exhibited high disease prediction accuracy of AD diagnosis within 17 years. Among the concentration markers, GFAP showed the best performance, followed by NfL and P‐tau181. The combination of Aβ misfolding and GFAP increased the accuracy.DiscussionAβ misfolding and GFAP showed a strong ability to predict clinical AD risk and may be important early AD risk markers. Aβ misfolding illustrated its potential as a prescreening tool for AD risk stratification in older adults.
Roles of physical filling and chemical crosslinking on the physico‐mechanical properties of polylactic acid
Authors: Hao Yanping , Tian Hongchi , Chen Jun , Chen Qingkui , Zhang Weiwei , Liu Weikang , Liu Yang , Chen Wei , Chen Wenfei , Zuo Zhenjie , Wang Fan , Zhang Ligang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPolylactic acid (PLA) modified materials were prepared with physical filling and chemical crosslinking methods by melt extrusion respectively in this work, and the mechanical, rheological, crystalline, and heat resistance properties were investigated. It is found that filling with talc as the nucleating agent enhanced the crystallization capacity of PLA evidently. When 2 wt% talc was added into the PLA matrix, the crystallinity increased to 30.69% from 6.53% for neat PLA, enhancing by more than 3.6 times. Meanwhile heat resistance of talc filled PLA was improved significantly after annealing, increasing the heat deflection temperature from below 55 °C for neat PLA to about 130 °C for 2 wt% talc filled PLA. Molecular chains entanglement and spatial structures formation due to crosslinking reactions played key roles in tailoring the tensile, rheological properties and melt strengths of PLA materials. The elongation at break of the modified PLA materials increased by 149% and 126% separately after the crosslinking reactions with and without talc. The melt flow index decreased to 1.70 g/10 min after crosslinking from 11.79 g/10 min of neat PLA, indicating that crosslinking reactions exert significant effects on improving melt strength of PLA.