bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Notes on the Indo-Australian genus Ziridava Walker (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae), with description of two new species
Authors: SCHMIDT OLGA , TAUTEL CLAUDE 
Published: February 2022

The present review summarizes the current state of knowledge of the genus Ziridava Walker by presenting images of available genitalia slides of the holotypes and paratypes and identifying research gaps for future studies. Two new species, namely Z. mauriakra sp. nov. from the Philippines and Z. orchidensis sp. nov. from the Lanyu Island (Taiwan), are described and illustrated. They share the characteristics of the genus Ziridava, including the uncus reduced to a short trident, the long, slender valvae with costa distinctly broadened for basal one-fourth, the broad juxta constricted medially and the saccus rather rectangular with rounded corners in males and the square-shaped papillae anales, the ductus seminalis arising from a lateral lobe of corpus bursa, with a signum comprised of scobinate patches on the dorsal and ventral surface of corpus bursa in females.
A Novel Predictor of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Patients With Carotid Artery Disease; the Systemic Immune Inflammation Index
Authors: Yilmaz Yucel , Kelesoglu Saban , Kalay Nihat 
Published: February 2022

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. The present study investigated the role of systemic immune inflammation index (SII) in predicting the risk of developing CIN after carotid artery angiography (CAAG). This study included 262 patients who underwent CAAG for symptomatic carotid artery stenosis (CAS). Simultaneous carotid stenting was applied to 232 of these patients. CIN was defined as an increase in serum creatinine level ≥.5 mg/dL or ≥25% above baseline within 72 hours after the procedure. The SII score was calculated as platelet × neutrophil/lymphocyte counts. Patients who developed CIN, had higher glucose ( P = .009), total cholesterol ( P < .001), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (<.001), and high sensitivity C-reactive protein ( P = .001) levels, as well as greater neutrophil counts ( P < .001), platelet counts ( P < .001), neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio ( P < .001), and SII score ( P < .001) than those who did not develop CIN. The Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis showed that at a cutoff of 519.9, the SII exhibited 80% sensitivity and 64% specificity for detecting CIN. SII levels on admission were independently associated with CIN development after CAAG in patients with CAS.
Risk Factor-Related Lifestyle Habits of Patients With Laryngopharyngeal Reflux
Authors: Wang Meigui , Mo Tingting , Tan Jiajie , Dai Yuanfeng , Li Xiangping 
Published: February 2022

Objective The role of lifestyle habits in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) is comparatively underexplored. We aim to examine the specific lifestyle habits in patients with LPRD. METHODS Systematic sampling was applied to select respondents aged 18 through 80 years in otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery (OHNS) clinics in Nan Fang Hospital during August 2017–July 2018, 1658 eligible participants were included by a systematic sampling method. Subjects with RSI score>13 were considered as LPRD patients. The risk of reflux symptoms was estimated and multivariate calculated as odds ratios in relation to exposure to tobacco smoking, alcohol, coffee, tea, carbonated drinks, chocolate, spicy food, night sleep time, dinner-to-bed time, subjective sleep quality, and physical exercise. Results There was a significant dose-response association between carbonated beverage and LPRD. Among people who had drinking carbonated drinks the odds ratio was 1.76 (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.24–2.50, P = .002) compared with non-carbonated drinker. A similar positive association was found for poor subjective sleep quality and shorter night sleeping time, the odds ratio for reflux was 1.58 (95% CI 1.14 to 2.18) among those who always have poor subjective sleep quality compared with those whose have good subjective sleep quality. The odds ratio for reflux was 2.29 (95% CI 1.23–4.28, P = .015) among those who always sleep 3–5 hours every night compared with those who sleep more than 8 hours every night. Beyond that, we found high BMI may have a negative correlation with LPRD, the odds ratio for reflux was .61 (95% CI 0.39 to .95, P = .054) among those whose BMI >25 kg/m2 compared with those BMI ≤ 20 kg/m2. Conclusions Patients with LPRD may have certain lifestyle habits, avoid carbonated beverage, poor subjective sleep quality, and lack of sleep should be advised in treatment of LPRD.
“We Can’t Say This Won’t Happen to Me”: Parent-Child Communication About Anti-Latino Discrimination
Authors: Eyal Keren , Perreira Krista , Schilling Samantha 
Published: February 2022

In recent years, discrimination toward Hispanic/Latino Americans has escalated, threatening the health of Hispanic/Latino families and children. Previous research in African American families demonstrates the importance of parent–child communication in interrupting the pathway between childhood discrimination and poor health outcomes, but parent–child communication regarding discrimination has not been well-studied in Hispanic/Latino families. This study uses the minority child development model to explore how Hispanic/Latino parents discuss anti-Latino and anti-immigrant discrimination, bias, and unfair treatment with their children. In-depth interviews were performed with Hispanic/Latino immigrant parents ( N = 14) of 25 children ages 5–17 years. Interviews were analyzed using phenomenological thematic analysis. Seven major strategies utilized by Hispanic/Latino parents emerged: (1) champion success; (2) comfort and encourage; (3) advocate, appeal, and defend; (4) understand, ignore, and accept; (5) learn from it; (6) teach tolerance; and (7) prepare for bias. The development of resources to enhance parent skills in this area is discussed.
A look towards the clonal origin of metastatic pulmonary carcinosarcoma: Report of a patient with an unexpected long-term survival
Authors: Spagnoli Luigi , Petrelli Federica , Fratini Geri , De Nisi Maria Caterina , Camerini Andrea , Giusti Andrea , Perotti Bruno , Cavazzana Andrea , Arganini Marco , Ambrosio Maria Raffaella 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Pulmonary carcinosarcoma is a rare histological subtype of non-small cell lung cancer, defined by the combination of epithelial and mesenchimal elements. Prognosis is usually dismal, with a median survival of about 6 months. The use of immunotherapy by blockade of PD1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint signaling has been shown to improve patients’ survival. However, local aggressiveness and distant metastases are frequent. Spread to the gastrointestinal tract is seldom reported. The genetic landscape of the disease has only recently begun to emerge, pointing at TP53, KRAS, EGFR and MET as the most common mutated genes. Case description: We describe the case of a metastatic patient with 37 months overall survival, treated by an aggressive multimodal approach combining surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. To shed new light on the molecular basis for sarcomatoid component in lung carcinoma, we performed next generation sequencing analysis of the squamous and sarcomatoid component by the two sites. We demonstrated a clonal origin and hypermutability of the sarcomatous elements that may account for the good response to immunotherapy. Moreover, we identified some mutations involving TP53 and EGFR genes, targetable by already available drugs. Conclusions: We depicted a model of how a squamous cell carcinoma can differentiate during its natural history into sub-clonal populations with different features and may ultimately result in a neoplasm (i.e. pulmonary carcinosarcoma) showing clonal heterogeneity. Our data might contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms of this rare tumor and open new ways for a more tailored approach.
Is there any predictor for relapse after treatment withdrawal in autoimmune hepatitis patients in the real life?
Authors: Çavuş Bilger , Akyuz Filiz , İliaz Raim , Atasoy Alp , Akyuz Umit , Demir Kadir , Besisik Fatih , Kaymakoglu Sabahattin 
Published: February 2022

Backgrounds and Aims In autoimmune hepatitis, there are uncertainties about whether to discontinue the treatment, when the treatment should be discontinued, and the risks of relapse in the cases where remission is achieved with immunosuppressive therapy. In this study, patients with AIH, whose immunosuppressive treatments were discontinued, were evaluated for the rates of remission and the risk of relapse. Materials and Methods A total of 119 patients, who were diagnosed with AIH based on the AIHG scoring systems between 1990 and 2015, were evaluated. Patients were receiving standard azathioprine and steroid therapy. The treatment was discontinued in patients, who had been receiving treatment for at least 2 years, who had no clinical complaints, and whose aminotransferases were normal and when an increase occurred in AST values more than two times the normal after the treatment was interrupted, the case was considered as a relapse. Results Among the patients, 83%( n = 99) were women. When the patients were diagnosed with AIH, their mean age was 36 ± 16(8–79) years; 70.6%( n = 84) were type 1, 3.4%( n = 4) type 2, and 26%( n = 31) were autoantibody-negative AIH. At the time of discontinuation, liver biopsy was performed in 8 of the patients and minimal-mild abnormalities were detected. Patients whose treatment was discontinued received treatment for an average of 101 ± 75(range: 24–280, median: 68.5) months; and, they were followed up for an average of 19 (1–110) months during the period without medication. Relapse occurred in 67%( n = 12) of the patients with drug withdrawal. Relapse occurred within the first 12 months in 67% of these patients ( n = 8) and developed with an acute hepatitis attack in 42%. None of the clinical, laboratory, and histological data were found to be effective on relapse. Conclusion In patients with AIH, relapse occurs in two-thirds of patients within an average of 19 month after the discontinuation of the medication. Most relapses occur at the early period and they are accompanied by an acute hepatitis attack.
Outcomes and Management of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor–Induced Hypothyroidism: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Phillips Allison L. , Reeves David J. 
Published: February 2022

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) used in cancer treatment cause immune-related adverse effects (irAEs), including thyroiditis leading to hypothyroidism. The management and outcomes of this irAE are not well established. Objective: The purpose of this analysis is to describe the onset, management, and outcomes of patients experiencing hypothyroidism from ICI. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted of adults receiving ICI therapy at a community cancer center between January 1, 2017, and February 1, 2020. The primary endpoint was to describe onset (timing) of hypothyroidism (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH] > 10 µIU/mL). Secondary outcomes included describing hypothyroidism symptoms and levothyroxine use, time to documented disease progression, and occurrence of additional adverse effects (AEs). Results: Of the 200 patients included in the study, 19% developed clinical hypothyroidism (TSH > 10 µIU/mL, or required initiation of or dose increase in levothyroxine). Median time to TSH higher than 10 µIU/mL was 13.3 weeks and symptoms of hypothyroidism occurred in 34% of patients developing clinical hypothyroidism. The median final daily levothyroxine dose was 88 mcg (0.88 mcg/kg). Time to disease progression was longer in those with clinical hypothyroidism (27.4 months vs. 6.8 months, respectively, P = .015). Additional AEs occurred in 68% of those developing hypothyroidism versus 49% without hypothyroidism ( P = .029). Conclusion and Relevance: Patients with clinical hypothyroidism during ICI treatment may have improved cancer outcomes, but they also are more likely to develop other AEs. Patients requiring thyroid replacement therapy with levothyroxine may benefit from a starting dose between 50 and 100 mcg/day, approximately 0.88 mcg/kg/day.
Improving clinical trial transparency at UK universities: Evaluating 3 years of policies and reporting performance on the European Clinical Trial Register
Authors: Mirjam Keestra Sarai , Rodgers Florence , Gepp Sophie , Grabitz Peter , Bruckner Till 
Published: February 2022

Background: January 2019, the House of Commons’ Science and Technology Committee sent letters to UK universities admonishing them to achieve compliance with results reporting requirements for Clinical Trials of Investigative Medicinal Products by summer 2019. This study documents changes in the clinical trial policies and Clinical Trials of Investigative Medicinal Product reporting performance of 20 major UK universities following that intervention. Methods: Freedom of Information requests were filed in June 2018 and June 2020 to obtain clinical trial registration and reporting policies covering both Clinical Trials of Investigative Medicinal Products and all other clinical trials. Two independent reviewers assessed policies against transparency benchmarks based on World Health Organization best practices. To evaluate universities’ trial reporting performance, we used a public online tracking tool, the European Union Trials Tracker, which assesses universities’ compliance with regulatory Clinical Trials of Investigative Medicinal Product disclosure requirements on the European Clinical Trial Register. Specifically, we evaluated whether universities were adhering to the European Union requirement to post summary results on the trial registry within 12 months of completion. Results: Mean policy strength increased from 2.8 to 4.9 points (out of a maximum of 7 points) between June 2018 and June 2020. In October 2018 the average percentage of due Clinical Trials of Investigative Medicinal Products that had results available on the European trial registry across university sponsors included in the cohort was 29%. By June 2021, this had increased to 91%, with 5 universities achieving a reporting performance of 100%. All 20 universities reported more than 70% of their due trial results on the European trial registry. Interpretation: Political pressure appears to have a significant positive impact on UK universities’ clinical trial reporting policies and performance. Similar approaches could be used to improve reporting performance for other types of sponsors, other types of trials, and in other countries.
Management of osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the elbow trochlea in the adolescent population: A systematic review
Authors: Malik Shahbaz S , Rasidovic Damir , Saeed Abu , Jordan Robert W , Maclean Simon , I Bain Gregory 
Published: February 2022

Background Elbow trochlea osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is rare with limited information on it. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the published evidence on trochlea OCD in terms of presenting symptoms, location of OCD and outcome of management in adolescent patients. Patient & Methods A review of the online databases MEDLINE and Embase was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. The review was registered prospectively in the PROSPERO database. Clinical studies reporting on any aspect of trochlea OCD management were eligible for inclusion and appraised using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) tool. Results 16 studies were eligible for inclusion with a total of 75 elbow. Mean age was 14 years (8–19) of which 46 were males. The main presenting symptoms were pain (95%). Non-operative care was reported in 86% of elbows with resolution of symptoms in 76%. Surgical management was described in 14%. There were equal number of arthroscopic and open procedures. 94% had successfully resolution of symptoms post-operatively. Conclusion Elbow trochlea OCD is a rare pathology and one that can be managed non-operatively in the majority of cases with good resolution of symptoms. However, if this fails, operative options are available with excellent results reported. Level of evidence Level IV, Systematic review.
The Built Environment Influence on Resilient Healthcare: A Systematic Literature Review of Design Knowledge
Authors: Ransolin Natália , Saurin Tarcisio Abreu , Zani Carolina Melecardi , Rapport Frances , Formoso Carlos Torres , Clay-Williams Robyn 
Published: February 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop built environment (BE) design knowledge to support resilient healthcare by systematically reviewing the evidence-based design (EBD) literature. Background: Although the EBD literature is vast, it has not made explicit its contribution to resilient healthcare, which is a key component of the highly complex health service. Method: This review followed the steps recommended by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses method. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 43 journal papers were selected. The papers were analyzed in light of five guidelines for coping with complexity, allowing for the development of BE design knowledge that supports resilient healthcare. Results: The design knowledge compiled by the review was structured according to four levels of abstraction: five design-meta principles, corresponding to the five complexity guidelines, seven design principles, 21 design prescriptions, and 58 practical examples. The design knowledge emphasizes the interactions between the BE as physical infrastructure and the functions that it supports. Conclusions: The design knowledge is expected to be useful not only to architects but also to those involved in the functional design of health services as they interact with the BE. Furthermore, our proposal provides a knowledge template that can be continuously updated based on the experience of practitioners and academic research.
Advances in the treatment of ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction in the UK
Authors: Mughal Lal Hussain , Sastry Sanjay 
Published: February 2022

The treatment of acute coronary occlusion with Primary PCI has been a major factor in improving outcomes of patients suffering STEMI in the last 15 years, and is the standard treatment for patients suffering STEMI in the UK. Treatment is beneficial for patients presenting within 12 hours of the onset of symptoms, with the goal being opening of the occluded artery within 150 min of the call for help. Opening of the occluded artery is typically completed with a drug-eluting stent followed by administration of antiplatelet medications for 12 months. Procedures are performed using the radial artery which is associated with improved outcomes compared to vascular access via the femoral artery. Evidence is growing to support full revascularisation including the treatment of severe narrowing in other blood vessels as well as the culprit vessel.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Does Not Compromise Behavioral Pain Treatment: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial Among Veterans
Authors: Schulz-Heik R. Jay , Avery Timothy J. , Jo Booil , Mahoney Louise , Bayley Peter J. 
Published: February 2022

Background Individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and chronic pain evince different presentations, coping strategies, and treatment utilization patterns than individuals with chronic pain alone. Theorists have suggested that comorbid PTSD may complicate chronic pain treatment, and that integrated pain and PTSD treatment may be preferable to pain treatment alone. Objective Assess whether comorbid PTSD moderates Veterans’ response to yoga and/or cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for pain. Methods Veterans with Gulf War illness (n = 75) were assessed using the Brief Pain Inventory at baseline and posttreatment as part of a randomized clinical trial. PTSD status was abstracted from participants’ medical records. Results PTSD+ participants (n = 41) reported more pain at baseline than PTSD− participants (n = 34; d = .66, p < .01). PTSD+ participants experienced more improvement in pain from baseline to posttreatment than PTSD− participants by a small to moderate, marginally statistically significant amount ( d = .39, p = .07). The relationship between PTSD and treatment outcome was not moderated by treatment type (yoga vs CBT; p = .99). Observation of treatment responses across PTSD status (+ vs −) and treatment (yoga vs CBT) revealed that PTSD+ participants responded well to yoga. Conclusion PTSD is not associated with reduced effectiveness of behavioral chronic pain treatment among Veterans with Gulf War illness. Therefore behavioral pain treatment should be made readily available to Veterans with pain and PTSD. Yoga deserves further consideration as a treatment for pain among individuals with PTSD.
Racial disparities in cancer-associated thrombosis
Authors: Datta Tatini , Brunson Ann , Mahajan Anjlee , Keegan Theresa , Wun Ted 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Race and ethnicity are associated with risk of venous thromboembolism in population-based studies. Blacks/African Americans have a higher incidence, whereas Asians/Pacific Islanders and Hispanics have a lower incidence of venous thromboembolism compared with non-Hispanic Whites. The impact of race/ethnicity on the incidence of cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT), a common complication in patients with malignancy, has not been well defined. Using the California Cancer Registry linked to the California Patient Discharge Dataset and Emergency Department Utilization database, we studied a large, diverse cohort of patients (n = 942 109) from 2005 to 2017 with the 13 most common, first primary malignancies to determine the association between race/ethnicity and incidence of incident and recurrent CAT. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were performed to determine the effect of race/ethnicity on the risk of overall CAT, specific CAT by location, and recurrent CAT. Blacks/African Americans had a higher incidence of CAT for all tumor types except myeloma, whereas Asians/Pacific Islanders had a consistently lower incidence of CAT compared with non-Hispanic Whites, after adjusting for potential confounders. The main driver for the racial/ethnic differences was incidence of pulmonary embolism. We speculate the association of race/ethnicity with incidence of CAT may be partially because of underlying thrombotic predisposition that varies by ancestry, but we also must consider the impact of social determinants of health on our results.