bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of hot carrier effect and signatures of confinement in terms of thermalization power in quantum well solar cell
Authors: Makhfudz I , Cavassilas N , Giteau M , Esmaielpour H , Suchet D , Daré A-M , Michelini F 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A theoretical model using electron–phonon scattering rate equations is developed for assessing carrier thermalization under steady-state conditions in two-dimensional systems. The model is applied to investigate the hot carrier effect in III–V hot-carrier solar cells with a quantum well absorber. The question underlying the proposed investigation is: what is the power required to maintain two populations of electron and hole carriers in a quasi-equilibrium state at fixed temperatures and quasi-Fermi level splitting? The obtained answer is that the thermalization power density is reduced in two-dimensional systems compared to their bulk counterpart, which demonstrates a confinement-induced enhancement of the hot carrier effect in quantum wells. This power overall increases with the well thickness, and it is moreover shown that the intra-subband contribution dominates at small thicknesses while the inter-subband contribution increases with thickness and dominates in the bulk limit. Finally, the effects of the thermodynamic state of phonons and screening are clarified. In particular, the two-dimensional thermalization power density exhibits a non-monotonic dependence on the thickness of the quantum well layer, when both out-of-equilibrium longitudinal optical phonons and screening effects are taken into account. Our theoretical and numerical results provide tracks to interpret intriguing experimental observations in quantum well physics. They will also offer guidelines to increase the yield of photovoltaic effect based on the hot carrier effect using quantum well heterostructures, a result critical to the research toward high-efficiency solar cell devices.
Quasilinear Schrödinger equations with bounded coefficients
Authors: Jing Yongtao , Liu Haidong , Zhang Zhitao 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We study quasilinear elliptic equations of the form

−
div

A

(

u

)

∇
u

+

1

2

A

′

(

u

)

|
∇
u

|

2

+
V

(

x

)

u
=
h

(

u

)

,

u
∈

H

1

(

R

N

)

, where

N
⩾
3
,

A
∈

C

1

(

R
,

R

+

)

is a bounded function, V(x) is allowed to be singular at the origin, and

h
∈
C

(

R
,
R

)

is a general nonlinearity. Such type of equations has been derived as models of several physical phenomena corresponding to various types of

A

. Despite the lack of a priori compactness condition for the energy functional, we develop a new variational approach to deal with the issues of multiple radial solutions, nonradial solutions and sign-changing solutions.
A multiple time renewal equation for neural assemblies with elapsed time model
Authors: Torres Nicolás , Perthame Benoît , Salort Delphine 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We introduce and study an extension of the classical elapsed time equation in the context of neuron populations that are described by the elapsed time since last discharge. In this extension, we incorporate the elapsed time since the penultimate discharge and we obtain a more complex system of integro-differential equations. For this new system, we prove convergence with exponential rate to stationary state by means of Doeblin’s theory in the case of weak non-linearities using an appropriate functional setting, inspired by the case of the classical elapsed time equation. Moreover, we present some numerical simulations to observe how different firing rates can give different types of behaviors and to contrast them with theoretical results of both the classical and extended models.
Integrable lattice hierarchies behind Cauchy two-matrix model and Bures ensemble
Authors: Li Shi-Hao , Yu Guo-Fu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper focuses on different reductions of the two-dimensional (2d)-Toda hierarchy. Symmetric and skew-symmetric moment matrices are first considered, resulting in differential relations between symmetric/skew-symmetric tau functions and 2d-Toda’s tau functions, respectively. Furthermore, motivated by the Cauchy two-matrix model and Bures ensemble from random matrix theory, we study the rank-one shift condition in the symmetric case and rank-two shift condition in the skew-symmetric case, from which the C-Toda and B-Toda hierarchies are determined, together with their special Lax matrices and integrable structures.
Dimension of the singular set of wild Hölder solutions of the incompressible Euler equations
Authors: De Rosa Luigi , Haffter Silja 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
For

β
<

1

3

, we consider

C

β

T

3

×

[

0
,
T

]

weak solutions of the incompressible Euler equations that do not conserve the kinetic energy. We prove that for such solutions the closed and non-empty set of singular times

B

satisfies

dim

H

(

B

)

⩾

2
β

1
−
β

. This lower bound on the Hausdorff dimension of the singular set in time is intrinsically linked to the Hölder regularity of the kinetic energy and we conjecture it to be sharp. As a first step in this direction, for every

β
<

β

′

<

1

3

we are able to construct, via a convex integration scheme, non-conservative

C

β

T

3

×

[

0
,
T

]

weak solutions of the incompressible Euler system such that

dim

H

(

B

)

⩽

1

2

+

1

2

2

β

′

1
−

β

′

. The structure of the wild solutions that we build allows moreover to deduce non-uniqueness of

C

β

T

3

×

[

0
,
T

]

weak solutions of the Cauchy problem for Euler from every smooth initial datum.
Multi-domain CT translation by a routable translation network
Authors: Kim Hyunjong , Oh Gyutaek , Beom Seo Joon , Jeon Hwang Hye , Min Lee Sang , Yun Jihye , Chul Ye Jong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objective. To unify the style of computed tomography (CT) images from multiple sources, we propose a novel multi-domain image translation network to convert CT images from different scan parameters and manufacturers by simply changing a routing vector. Approach. Unlike the existing multi-domain translation techniques, our method is based on a shared encoder and a routable decoder architecture to maximize the expressivity and conditioning power of the network. Main results. Experimental results show that the proposed CT image conversion can minimize the variation of image characteristics caused by imaging parameters, reconstruction algorithms, and hardware designs. Quantitative results and clinical evaluation from radiologists also show that our method can provide accurate translation results. Significance. Quantitative evaluation of CT images from multi-site or longitudinal studies has been a difficult problem due to the image variation depending on CT scan parameters and manufacturers. The proposed method can be utilized to address this for the quantitative analysis of multi-domain CT images.
Thermal squeezing and nonlinear spectral shift of magnons in antiferromagnetic insulators
Authors: Shiranzaei Mahroo , Troncoso Roberto E , Fransson Jonas , Brataas Arne , Qaiumzadeh Alireza 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We investigate the effect of magnon–magnon interactions on the dispersion and polarization of magnon modes in collinear antiferromagnetic (AF) insulators at finite temperatures. In two-sublattice AF systems with uniaxial easy-axis and biaxial easy-plane magneto-crystalline anisotropies, we implement a self-consistent Hartree–Fock mean-field approximation to explore the nonlinear thermal interactions. The resulting nonlinear magnon interactions separate into two-magnon intra- and interband scattering processes. Furthermore, we compute the temperature dependence of the magnon bandgap and AF resonance modes due to nonlinear magnon interactions for square and hexagonal lattices. In addition, we study the effect of magnon interactions on the polarization of magnon modes. We find that although the noninteracting eigenmodes in the uniaxial easy-axis case are circularly polarized, but in the presence of nonlinear thermal interactions the U(1) symmetry of the magnon Hamiltonian is broken. The attractive nonlinear interactions squeeze the low energy magnon modes and make them elliptical. In the biaxial easy-plane case, on the other hand, the bare eigenmodes of low energy magnons are elliptically polarized but thermal nonlinear interactions squeeze them further. Direct measurements of the predicted temperature-dependent AF resonance modes and their polarization can be used as a tool to probe the nonlinear interactions. Our findings establish a framework for exploring the effect of thermal magnon interactions in technologically important magnetic systems, such as magnetic stability of recently discovered two-dimensional magnetic materials, coherent transport of magnons, Bose–Einstein condensation of magnons, and magnonic topological insulators.
Computer-aided quantization and numerical analysis of superconducting circuits
Authors: Chitta Sai Pavan , Zhao Tianpu , Huang Ziwen , Mondragon-Shem Ian , Koch Jens 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The development of new superconducting circuits and the improvement of existing ones rely on the accurate modeling of spectral properties which are key to achieving the needed advances in qubit performance. Systematic circuit analysis at the lumped-element level, starting from a circuit network and culminating in a Hamiltonian appropriately describing the quantum properties of the circuit, is a well-established procedure, yet cumbersome to carry out manually for larger circuits. We present work utilizing symbolic computer algebra and numerical diagonalization routines versatile enough to tackle a variety of circuits. Results from this work are accessible through a newly released module of the scqubits package.
Systematic calculations of cluster radioactivity half-lives in trans-lead nuclei*
Authors: Qi Lin-Jing , Zhang Dong-Meng , Luo Song , Li Xiao-Hua , Wu Xi-Jun , Liang Chun-Tian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the present work, based on the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) theory, considering the cluster preformation probability (

), we systematically investigate the cluster radioactivity half-lives of 22 trans-lead nuclei ranging from 221Fr to 242Cm. When the mass number of the emitted cluster

28,

is obtained by the exponential relationship of

to the α decay preformation probability (

) proposed by R. Blendowskeis

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 61, 1930 (1988)], while

is calculated through the cluster-formation model (CFM). When

28,

is calculated through the charge-number dependence of

on the decay products proposed by Ren

[Phys. Rev. C 70, 034304 (2004)]. The half-lives of cluster radioactivity have been calculated by the density-dependent cluster model [Phys. Rev. C 70, 034304 (2004)] and by the unified formula of half-lives for alpha decay and cluster radioactivity [Phys. Rev. C 78, 044310 (2008)]. For comparison, a universal decay law (UDL) proposed by Qi

[Phys. Rev. C 80, 044326 (2009)], a semi-empirical model for both α decay and cluster radioactivity proposed by Santhosh [J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 35, 085102 (2008)], and a unified formula of half-lives for alpha decay and cluster radioactivity [Phys. Rev. C 78, 044310 (2008)] are also used. The calculated results of our work, Ni's formula , and the UDL can well reproduce the experimental data and are better than those of Santhosh's model. In addition, we extend this model to predict the half-lives for 51 nuclei, whose cluster radioactivity is energetically allowed or observed but not yet quantified in NUBASE2020.
Helium-induced morphology evolution in tungsten under thermal treatment
Authors: Ialovega Mykola , Bernard Elodie , Barthe Marie-France , Bisson Régis , Campos Andrea , Cabié Martiane , Neisius Thomas , Sakamoto Ryuichi , Kreter Arkadi , Grisolia Christian , Angot Thierry , Martin Celine 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Surface and near-surface morphology evolution of helium-irradiated tungsten due to thermal cycling up to the ITER-relevant temperature of 1350 K was studied using electron microscopy and positron annihilation spectroscopy techniques. Holes at the surface and bubbles in the near-surface of recrystallized polycrystalline tungsten samples were created by 75 eV helium plasma irradiation with the fluence of 3 × 1023 He m−2 at the surface temperature of 1073 K. Subsequent annealing experiments were combined with a detailed electron microscopy analysis to investigate the shape and density changes of holes and helium bubbles with respect to grain orientation. We show that the initially circular holes and round bubbles became faceted upon heating with 1 K s−1 ramp up to 870 K. Annealing cycles up to 1350 K induced resulted in bubbles removal in the first 5 nm below the surface and surface smoothing. Electron energy loss spectroscopy measurements allowed estimation of helium gas density and pressure inside bubbles. Positron annihilation spectroscopy allowed to investigate the nature of defects and their evolution in the helium-irradiated tungsten with thermal cycling.
Measuring the perceptual features of coastal streets: a case study in Qingdao, China
Authors: Lyu Mei , Meng Yumeng , Gao Weijun , Yu Yiqing , Ji Xiang , Li Qingyu , Huang Gonghu , Sun Dong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe coastal streets are the most attractive urban space, improving spatial quality and public perception of coastal streets is an important work of urban regeneration. The study used machine learning semantic segmentation, GIS and Semantic difference (SD) etc methods to obtain the spatial data and perceptual evaluation of coastal streets in Qingdao. Each of the six perceptual features, imageability, enclosure, human scale, transparency, complexity and nature, was taken as dependent variables and the corresponding physical features was taken as independent variables. The six regression models were established and the influence rules of spatial parameters on public perception were obtained. Meanwhile, based on the results of perceptual features evaluation, the overall coastal streets are divided into three types, open streets, mixed streets and biophilic streets. In all the three types coastal streets, the nature was the most significant perceptual feature due to the high greenness; the complexity was the lowest perceptual feature because of the low landscape diversity. The research results provided theoretical and technical support for the urban regeneration and spatial quality improvement of coastal streets in Qingdao.
Mechanical property and biological behaviour of additive manufactured TiNi functionally graded lattice structure
Authors: Tan Chaolin , Deng Cheng , Li Sheng , Abena Alessandro , Jamshidi Parastoo , Essa Khamis , Wu Likang , Xu Guohua , Attallah Moataz M , Liu Jia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Bio-inspired porous metallic scaffolds have tremendous potential to be used as artificial bone substitutes. In this work, a radially graded lattice structure (RGLS), which mimics the structures of natural human bones, was designed and processed by laser powder bed fusion of martensitic Ti-rich TiNi powder. The asymmetric tension-compression behaviour, where the compressive strength is significantly higher than the tensile strength, is observed in this Ti-rich TiNi material, which echoes the mechanical behaviour of bones. The morphologies, mechanical properties, deformation behaviour, and biological compatibility of RGLS samples were characterised and compared with those in the uniform lattice structure. Both the uniform and RGLS samples achieve a relative density higher than 99%. The graded porosities and pore sizes in the RGLS range from 40%–80% and 330–805 μm, respectively, from the centre to the edge. The chemical etching has significantly removed the harmful partially-melted residual powder particles on the lattice struts. The compressive yield strength of RGLS is 71.5 MPa, much higher than that of the uniform sample (46.5 MPa), despite having a similar relative density of about 46%. The calculated Gibson–Ashby equation and the deformation behaviour simulation by finite element suggest that the dense outer regions with high load-bearing capability could sustain high applied stress, improving the overall strength of RGLS significantly. The cell proliferation study suggests better biological compatibility of the RGLS than the uniform structures. The findings highlight a novel strategy to improve the performance of additively manufactured artificial implants by bio-inspiration.
A syngeneic MC38 orthotopic mouse model of colorectal cancer metastasis
Authors: Greenlee Joshua D , King Michael R 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
While subcutaneous tumor models remain the standard for studying drug efficacy in vivo, these tumors rarely metastasize and lack physiological relevance due to differences in the tumor microenvironment, vascularization, immune landscape, and physiological cues associated with the organ of interest. Orthotopic tumors, grown from the organ corresponding with the cancer type, provide a more translational approach to study disease progression and drug efficacy. Utilization of a syngeneic mouse model allows for a complete immune landscape, key for adaptive immunotherapy studies. MC38 and CT26 cells are commonly used murine colorectal cancer cell lines with clinically relevant mutations. While CT26 cells have been orthotopically implanted with high fidelity, successful engraftment of orthotopic MC38 tumors varies greatly between studies. Thus, we have developed a detailed protocol for MC38 orthotopic tumor inoculation via intracecal injection. Nine C57BL/6 mice were injected with 2 × 106 cells into the cecal wall and sacrificed after 7 weeks. Survival after surgery was 100%, and one mouse died before the 7-week study end point from tumor burden and metastatic spread. We observed a successful tumor engraftment rate of 67%. Half of mice presenting with tumors were found to have macroscopic metastatic lesions in clinically relevant foci, including the mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, and peritoneum. These mice also presented with very large tumors and an enlarged spleen. The other half of the mice presented with small, localized tumors that did not metastasize. Herein, we describe tips specific for the intracecal injection of MC38 cells to improve the engraftment rate consistency in this model.
Elevated perioptic lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase concentration in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Authors: Pircher Achmed , Montali Margherita , Berberat Jatta , Huber Andreas , Miller Neil R , Mader Thomas H , Gibson C Robert , Neutzner Albert , Remonda Luca , Killer Hanspeter E 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The pathophysiology of vision loss and loss of visual field in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension with papilloedema is not fully understood. Although elevated CSF pressure induces damage to the optic nerve due to stasis of axoplasmic flow, there is no clear relationship between the severity of papilloedema and CSF pressure. Furthermore, there are cases of purely unilateral papilloedema and cases without papilloedema despite significantly elevated intracranial pressure as well as papilloedema that can persist despite a successfully lowered intracranial pressure. We hypothesize that at least in some of such cases, in addition to purely pressure-induced damage to the optic nerve, the biochemical composition of the CSF in the subarachnoid space surrounding the orbital optic nerve may play a role in the pathogenesis of vision loss. In this retrospective study, we report on lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase concentrations in the CSF within the perioptic and lumbar subarachnoid space in 14 patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (13 females, mean age 45 ± 13 years) with chronic persistent papilloedema resistant to maximum-tolerated medical therapy and visual impairment. CSF was collected from the subarachnoid space of the optic nerve during optic nerve sheath fenestration and from the lumbar subarachnoid space at the time of lumbar puncture. CSF was analysed for lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase and the concentrations compared between the two sites using nephelometry. The mean lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase concentration in the perioptic subarachnoid space was significantly higher compared with the concentration in the lumbar subarachnoid space (69 ± 51 mg/l without correction of serum contamination and 89 ± 67 mg/l after correction of serum contamination versus 23 ± 8 mg/l; P &lt; 0.0001, Mann–Whitney U-test). These measurements demonstrate a change and imbalance in the biochemical environment of the optic nerve. Its possible effect is discussed.
124. LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF POSTOPERATIVE SYMPTOMS AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH ESOPHAGEAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
Authors: Miao Yan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma have a variety of symptoms after surgery, which will affect the normal performance of various functions of patients for a long time, affect the quality of life of patients, and even affect the survival time of patients. In the past, we paid more attention to patients’ symptoms and quality of life at a single time point after surgery, which lacked continuity and long-term nature.
In this study, 244 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who received thoracoscopic radical resection of esophageal carcinoma in Sichuan Tumor Hospital from April to December 2019 were selected by convenience sampling method. Adopt Chinese VERSION MD Anderson Symptom Inventory, European Organization for Research and teatment of cancer quality of life Questionnaire, EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-OES18 were used to investigate the patients at 10 time points one year after surgery, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between postoperative symptoms and quality of life.
Postoperative role and emotional function of the patients recovered to the baseline level 1 month after surgery, cognitive and social function recovered to the baseline level 3 months after surgery, and physical function and overall health status did not recover to the baseline level 1 year after surgery. Sleep restlessness, distress, drowsiness, and dry mouth recovered to baseline 3 months after surgery, while pain and fatigue did not recover to baseline 1 year after surgery. One year after surgery, the main symptoms were negatively correlated with body, role, emotion, cognition, social function and overall health status (P &lt; 0.05).
laparoscopic thoracic esophageal cancer radical surgery in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinomas there were different degree of symptoms within one year after surgery, and multiple symptoms one year after surgery still exists, the serious influence the patient’s quality of life, health care workers should pay attention to the symptoms of patients with postoperative longitudinal change characteristic, value assessment and management of patients with symptoms, improve patient quality of life after surgery.