bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor Prognostic Prediction of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Using CT-Based Radiomics in Non-Chinese Patients
Authors: Intarak Sararas , Chongpison Yuda , Vimolnoch Mananchaya , Oonsiri Sornjarod , Kitpanit Sarin , Prayongrat Anussara , Kannarunimit Danita , Chakkabat Chakkapong , Sriswasdi Sira , Lertbutsayanukul Chawalit , Rakvongthai Yothin 
Published: January 2022

PurposeWe aimed to construct predictive models for the overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients by using CT-based radiomics.Materials and MethodsWe collected data from 197 NPC patients. For each patient, radiomic features were extracted from the CT image acquired at pretreatment via PyRadiomics. Feature selection was performed in two steps. First, features with high inter-observer variability based on multiple tumor delineations were excluded. Then, stratified bootstrappings were performed to identify feature combinations that most frequently achieved the highest (i) area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for predicting 3-year OS, PFS, and DMFS or (ii) Harrell’s C-index for predicting time to event. Finally, regularized logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard models with the most frequently selected feature combinations as input were tuned using cross-validation. Additionally, we examined the robustness of the constructed model to variation in tumor delineation by simulating 100 realizations of radiomic feature values to mimic features extracted from different tumor boundaries.ResultsThe combined model that used both radiomics and clinical features yielded significantly higher AUC and Harrell’s C-index than models using either feature set alone for all outcomes (p &lt; 0.05). The AUCs and Harrell’s C-indices of the clinical-only and radiomics-only models ranged from 0.758 ± 0.091 to 0.789 ± 0.082 and from 0.747 ± 0.062 to 0.767 ± 0.074, respectively. In comparison, the combined models achieved AUC of 0.801 ± 0.075 to 0.813 ± 0.078 and Harrell’s C-indices of 0.779 ± 0.066 to 0.796 ± 0.069. The results showed that our models were robust to variation in tumor delineation with the coefficient of variation ranging from 4.8% to 6.4% and from 6.7% to 9.3% for AUC and Harrell’s C-index, respectively.ConclusionOur results demonstrated that using CT-based radiomic features together with clinical features provided superior NPC prognostic prediction than using either clinical or radiomic features alone.
Superiority of Laparoscopic Gastrojejunostomy Combined With Multimodality Therapy for Gastric Outlet Obstruction Caused by Advanced Gastric Cancer
Authors: Wang Chuandong , Zhang Xiaojuan , Lin Shengtao , Yang Changshun , Zhou BiaoHuan , Mi Yulong , Ye Rong , Chen Yifan , Chen Weijie , Lin Xiaojun , Tan Song , Zhou Yuhang , Li Weihua 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundData are limited concerning the survival outcomes of patients with gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) caused by advanced gastric cancers according to laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy (LGJ) combined with multimodality therapy (MMT). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility and efficacy of these therapies.MethodsThis single-centered, retrospective analysis included data of 184 patients with GOO due to advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Treatment models were: laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy combined with multimodality therapy (LGJ+MMT), endoscopic metal stent placement combined with multimodality therapy (EMSP+MMT), and multimodality therapy (MMT).ResultsImproved oral intake, better nutritional indices, and better response to chemotherapy were observed in the LGJ+MMT group. Subsequent gastrectomy was performed in 43 (61.4%) patients in the LGJ+MMT group, 23 (37.7%) in the EMSP+MMT group, and 11 (20.8%) in the MMT group (P&lt;0.001). LGJ+MMT was associated with better long-term prognosis. As confirmed by propensity scores and multivariate analyses, the 3-year survival rates in the three treatment models were 31.4% with LGJ+MMT, 0% with EMSP+MMT, and 0% with MMT in conversion therapy, and 50.0% with LGJ+MMT, 33.3% with EMSP+MMT, and 23.5% with MMT in NAC. A forest plot revealed that LGJ+MMT was related to a decreased risk of death.ConclusionsLGJ combined with MMT was associated with better nutritional status, higher rates of subsequent gastrectomy, and good prognosis. LGJ combined with MMT may improve the long-term survival of patients with GOO caused by AGC.
Case Report: Conservative Non-operative Management of a Neonate With Torted Wandering Spleen
Authors: Bourusly Maha , Ayed Mariam , Bahzad Zainab 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundThe management of wandering spleen (WS) with torsion, a rare pathological condition, is currently unclear. Most patients with this disorder are treated with surgical interventions, such as splenectomy or splenopexy.Case PresentationA newborn female presented with low hemoglobin (10.8 mg/L) and high total serum bilirubin (193 μmol/L) at 3 h of life. A palpable mass was observed during her physical examination, and a magnetic resonance imaging scan of the abdomen confirmed the presence of an infarcted WS with torsion. Upon conservative management with oral antibiotic prophylaxis, careful observation, and repeated follow-ups, the infant remained clinically stable. At 2 years of age, she had normal complete blood count, and a repeat technetium study revealed two splenunculi/splenules in the splenic bed.ConclusionMost patients with WS are treated surgically with splenectomy or splenopexy. Non-operative management may be a feasible treatment option in select cases with infarcted WS and may allow the natural process of autosplenectomy to occur.
Gaming Technology for Pediatric Neurorehabilitation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Iosa Marco , Verrelli Cristiano Maria , Gentile Amalia Egle , Ruggieri Martino , Polizzi Agata 
Published: January 2022

IntroductionThe emergence of gaming technologies, such as videogames and virtual reality, provides a wide variety of possibilities in intensively and enjoyably performing rehabilitation for children with neurological disorders. Solid evidence-based results are however required to promote the use of different gaming technologies in pediatric neurorehabilitation, while simultaneously exploring new related directions concerning neuro-monitoring and rehabilitation in familiar settings.Aim of the Study and MethodsIn order to analyze the state of the art regarding the available gaming technologies for pediatric neurorehabilitation, Scopus and Pubmed Databases have been searched by following: PRISMA statements, PICOs classification, and PEDro scoring.Results43 studies have been collected and classified as follows: 11 feasibility studies; six studies proposing home-system solutions; nine studies presenting gamified robotic devices; nine longitudinal intervention trials; and eight reviews. Most of them rely on feasibility or pilot trials characterized by small sample sizes and short durations; different methodologies, outcome assessments and terminologies are involved; the explored spectrum of neurological conditions turns out to be scanty, mainly including the most common and wider debilitating groups of conditions in pediatric neurology: cerebral palsy, brain injuries and autism.ConclusionEven though it highlights reduced possibilities of drawing evidence-based conclusions due to the above outlined biases, this systematic review raises awareness among pediatricians and other health professionals about gaming technologies. Such a review also points out a definite need of rigorous studies that clearly refer to the underlying neuroscientific principles.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Opioids in the Treatment of Acute Renal Colic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Leng Xie-Yuan , Liu Chang-Ning , Wang Shi-Chan , Peng Hao-Dong , Wang De-Guang , Pan Hai-Feng 
Published: January 2022

Background: Although multiple randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to investigate the efficiency and safety of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioids in the treatment of acute renal colic, the therapeutic regimen of renal colic is still controversial. Therefore, the aim of this study was to derive a more concise comparison of the effectiveness and safety between NSAIDs and opioids in the treatment for patients with acute renal colic by a systematic review and meta-analysis.Design: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of controlled trials for seeking eligible studies. The pooled mean difference (MD) or risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using the random effects model. The primary outcome was assessed according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation.Results: A total of 18 studies involving 3,121 participants were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. No significant difference between the NSAID and opioid groups was observed, with changes in the visual analog scale (VAS) at 0–30 min (MD = 0.79, 95% CI: −0.51, 2.10). NSAIDs in the form of intravenous administration (IV) had no better effect on the changes in the VAS at 0–30 min, when compared to opioids (MD = 1.25, 95% Cl: −4.81, 7.3). The NSAIDs group in the form of IV had no better outcome compared to the opioids group, as well as the VAS at 30 min (MD = −1.18, 95% Cl: −3.82, 1.45; MD = −2.3, 95% Cl: −5.02, 0.42, respectively). Moreover, similar results of this outcome were also seen with the VAS at 45 min (MD = −1.36, 95% Cl: −5.24, 2.52). Besides, there was a statistical difference in the incidence of later rescue (RR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.66, 0.89), drug-related adverse events (RR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.27, 0.71), and vomiting (RR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.49, 0.96).Conclusion: There is no significant difference between the NSAIDs and opioids in the treatment of renal colic in many outcomes (e.g., the VAS over different periods using different injection methods at 30 and 60 min), which has been focused on in this study. However, the patients who were treated using NSAIDs by clinicians can benefit from fewer side effects.
The Adverse Reactions of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule/Granule Compared With Conventional Drug in Clinical Application: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hu Caiyun , He Bin , Gong Fengfeng , Liang Mingming , Zhao Dongdong , Zhang Guoliang 
Published: January 2022

Objectives:Lianhua Qingwen capsule/granule (LHQW) is an innovative patented traditional Chinese medicine with potential curative effects on respiratory diseases. However, no consensus has been reached on the security of LHQW to date. The current meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the safety profile of LHQW in relation to conventional drugs (PROSPERO CRD-42020224180).Methods:Comprehensive document retrieval was performed from both English and Chinese databases. Results were reported as risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Subgroup, sensitivity and meta-regression analyses were conducted to explore the possible sources of heterogeneity across eligible studies.Results:In total, 217 experimental studies were included. For pooled studies, the incidence of adverse reactions was lower in the LHQW group than the conventional drug group (RR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.58–0.69,p&lt; 0.001). In the evaluation of treating disease, significant reduced incidence of adverse reactions during treatment of influenza A (H1N1) and influenza were detected in the LHQW group. In the evaluation of security indexes, LHQW group has a reduced incidence of respiratory system damage, skin and its appendages injury, nervous system damage and gastrointestinal system damage, along with other adverse reactions. Subgroup analysis additionally revealed a reduced incidence of some adverse reactions in the LHQW group compared to the conventional drug group (Rash of skin and its appendage damage, dizziness or headache owing to nervous system damage, nausea or vomiting from gastrointestinal system damage and resurgence of disease from other adverse reactions).Conclusion:The current study provides potential a reference for the security of LHQW. Further long-term high-quality studies are essential to validate our conclusions.Systematic Review Registration:https://clinicaltrials.gov/, CRD-42020224180
Detection and Localization of Myocardial Infarction Based on Multi-Scale ResNet and Attention Mechanism
Authors: Cao Yang , Liu Wenyan , Zhang Shuang , Xu Lisheng , Zhu Baofeng , Cui Huiying , Geng Ning , Han Hongguang , Greenwald Stephen E. 
Published: January 2022

PurposeMyocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases, frequently resulting in death. Early and accurate diagnosis is therefore important, and the electrocardiogram (ECG) is a simple and effective method for achieving this. However, it requires assessment by a specialist; so many recent works have focused on the automatic assessment of ECG signals.MethodsFor the detection and localization of MI, deep learning models have been proposed, but the diagnostic accuracy of this approaches still need to be improved. Moreover, with deep learning methods the way in which a given result was achieved lacks interpretability. In this study, ECG data was obtained from the PhysioBank open access database, and was analyzed as follows. Firstly, the 12-lead ECG signal was preprocessed to identify each beat and obtain each heart interval. Secondly, a multi-scale deep learning model combined with a residual network and attention mechanism was proposed, where the input was the 12-lead ECG recording. Through the SENet model and the Grad-CAM algorithm, the weighting of each lead was calculated and visualized. Using existing knowledge of the way in which different types of MI gave characteristic patterns in specific ECG leads, the model was used to provisionally diagnose the type of MI according to the characteristics of each of the 12 ECG leads.ResultsTen types of MI anterior, anterior lateral, anterior septal, inferior, inferior lateral, inferior posterior, inferior posterior lateral, lateral, posterior, and posterior lateral were diagnosed. The average accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for MI detection of all lesion types was 99.98, 99.94, and 99.98%, respectively; and the average accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for MI localization was 99.79, 99.88, and 99.98%, respectively.ConclusionWhen compared to existing models based on traditional machine learning methods, convolutional neural networks and recurrent neural networks, the results showed that the proposed model had better diagnostic performance, being superior in accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.
“Drunk People Are on a Different Level”: A Qualitative Study of Reflections From Students About Transitioning and Adapting to United Kingdom University as a Person Who Drinks Little or No Alcohol
Authors: Cook Elspeth , Davies E. Bethan , Jones Katy A. 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundThough sobriety in young people is on the rise, students who drink little or no alcohol may experience social exclusion at University, impacting well-being. We aim to understand the social experiences of United Kingdom (UK) undergraduate students who drink little or no alcohol.MethodsA mixed-methods study using semi-structured, one-to-one interviews and the 24-Item Social Provisions Scale and Flourishing Scale with 15 undergraduate students who drink little or no alcohol. Descriptive statistics are presented for quantitative data and thematic analysis for qualitative.ResultsEight main themes and four subthemes were generated from thematic analysis summarised in two sections ‘views of drinkers from non-drinkers’ and ‘how peer pressure feels and how people deal with it.’ The initial transition to University represented a challenge, where participants struggled to find their ‘true’ friends. However, students generally had high levels of social provision, well-being and enjoyed close friendships with fewer casual acquaintances. All students experienced some kind of peer pressure (of a varying extremity) and developed coping strategies when in social situations involving alcohol. Fear of missing out on the ‘typical’ University experience heightened self-imposed expectations to drink. Despite participants acknowledging their counter-normative behaviour, some felt they were subject to stigmatisation by drinkers, doubting their non-drinker status, causing feelings of exclusion or being ‘boring.’ Their desire to ‘be like everyone else’ exposed some insight into the negative stereotypes of sobriety, including frustration behind alcohol’s status elevation.ConclusionStudents adopt strategies to minimise peer pressure and to fit in. Future research should interrogate drinkers’ perceptions of their sober peers to deepen understanding, better break down ‘us and them,’ and mitigate future expectations within the University drinking culture.
Exploring the Pharmaceutical Care of Pharmacists in China During COVID-19—A National Multicenter Qualitative Study
Authors: Wang Mingxia , Yin Zhao , Zhang Wan , Jia Xuedong , Du Shuzhang , Li Jun , Zhang Xiaojian 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundPharmacists are one of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) treatment team members in China, yet only a few single-center studies have described the work experience of pharmacists during the pandemic.PurposeThis study aimed to explore in-depth experiences of hospital pharmacists providing pharmacy services during the COVID-19 pandemic in China on a national scale.MethodsThis is a nationwide multicenter qualitative study that used the purposive sampling method. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 pharmacists from large-scale tertiary hospitals in representative provinces of mainland China. The Colaizzi seven-step method was applied to analyze the interview data.ResultsEleven semi-structured interviews were conducted. Each interview lasted 25–70 min. By analyzing the work experiences of pharmacists in COVID-19 designated treatment hospitals, five descriptive themes were categorized: (1) drug supply service; (2) routine clinical pharmacy services; (3) expanded pharmacy services during the epidemic; (4) drug management loopholes; (5) areas of improvements of pharmacy services during a pandemic.ConclusionDuring the COVID-19 epidemic, Chinese hospital pharmacists played various vital roles. However, there were loopholes in managing narcotic drugs, psychotropic drugs, and donated drugs. The study uncovered areas of improvement in pharmacy services during the pandemic. The emergency response capacity of hospital pharmacists should be continuously improved in the future.
Survival Analysis in Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Carcinoma With Bone Metastasis at Diagnosis
Authors: Chen Genlian , Xu Qiang , Qian Shengjun , Wang Zhan , Wang Shicheng 
Published: January 2022

PurposeGastrointestinal neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) with bone metastasis is rarely reported. The purpose of this study is to explore the prognosis and risk factors of such patients.Patients and MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients diagnosed as gastrointestinal NECs with bone metastasis at diagnosis from 2010 to 2016 by using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Predictors of overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were analyzed by univariable and multivariable Cox analyses. Kaplan–Meier plots were constructed to show the correlation between independent predictors and survival.ResultsA total of 330 gastrointestinal NEC patients with bone metastasis at diagnosis were included for analysis. Over half of patients were male and older than 60 years old. The most common primary site of gastrointestinal NEC with bone metastasis was the pancreas. The prognosis of gastrointestinal NEC with bone metastasis (3-year OS and CSS rates: 16.7 and 17.0%) was very poor. On Cox multivariable analysis, age over 60 years old, no surgery, and lung metastasis were independent predictors of decreased OS and CSS.ConclusionsWe identified three independent factors associated with prognosis among gastrointestinal NEC patients with bone metastasis, namely age, surgery, and lung metastasis. For younger gastrointestinal NEC patients with bone metastasis, surgical resection of primary tumors as well as actively treating lung metastasis might be useful for prolonging survival.
Independent Evolutionary Lineages in a Globular Cactus Species Complex Reveals Hidden Diversity in a Central Chile Biodiversity Hotspot
Authors: Villalobos-Barrantes Heidy M. , Meriño Beatriz M. , Walter Helmut E. , Guerrero Pablo C. 
Published: January 2022

Unraveling the processes involved in the origin of a substantial fraction of biodiversity can be a particularly difficult task in groups of similar, and often convergent, morphologies. The genus Eriosyce (Cactaceae) might present a greater specific diversity since much of its species richness might be hidden in morphological species complexes. The aim of this study was to investigate species delimitation using the molecular data of the globose cacti “E. curvispina”, which harbor several populations of unclear evolutionary relationships. We ran phylogenetic inferences on 87 taxa of Eriosyce, including nine E. curvispina populations, and by analyzing three plastid noncoding introns, one plastid and one nuclear gene. Additionally, we developed 12 new pairs of nuclear microsatellites to evaluate the population-level genetic structure. We identified four groups that originated in independent cladogenetic events occurring at different temporal depths; these groups presented high genetic diversity, and their populations were genetically structured. These results suggest a complex evolutionary history in the origin of globular cacti, with independent speciation events occurring at different time spans. This cryptic richness is underestimated in the Mediterranean flora of central Chile, and thus unique evolutionary diversity could be overlooked in conservation and management actions.
Las neurofunciones y su implicación en la iniciación a la lectoescritura en niños de 5 y 6 años
Authors: Alvarracín Yunga Sandra Yadira , Oña Paola Jacqueline , Yépez Herrera Emerson , Guerrón Varela Ramiro , Padilla Álvarez Gissela Catalina 
Published: January 2022

Las neurofunciones son actividades cognitivas, motrices, perceptivas y de lenguaje que se dan a través del desarrollo madurativo cerebral desde la concepción y durante la primera infancia donde se adquiere destrezas y habilidades necesarias en la adquisición de aprendizajes formales como la lectoescritura. El propósito de la investigación fue analizar el desarrollo de las neurofunciones y su relación en los procesos de iniciación a la lectoescritura en niños de 5 y 6 años. El alcance de este proyecto investigativo fue de tipo correlacional-transversal de enfoque cuantitativo, conformado por 41 estudiantes de dos instituciones educativas fiscales de las ciudades de Quito y Ambato, donde se utilizó dos instrumentos de evaluación; la prueba de neurofunciones del MINEDUC y la prueba de procesos de iniciación a la lectoescritura mismo que fue validado estadísticamente por el Alfa de Cronbach con una confiabilidad de 0,85. Dentro de los hallazgos de esta investigación se concreta que los resultados en cuanto al rendimiento escolar y por áreas tienen una relación positiva alta, de la misma manera se pudo descubrir que las neurofunciones anticipan el aprendizaje de la lectoescritura.