bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Success factors of citizen energy cooperatives in north western Germany: a conceptual and empirical review
Authors: Ahlemeyer Kai , Griese Kai-Michael , Wawer Tim , Siebenhüner Bernd 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Citizen energy cooperatives (CECOs) are an important element for realising the transformation of the European energy system from a central system, dominated by a few market players to a decentralized system with the participation of many citizens, in which energy supply is largely based on renewable energy sources. This article identifies success factors that ensure a working organization that is capable of implementing projects to support the energy transition and improving the well-being of citizens.

Methods
The aim of this study is to identify success factors using the example of CECOs in north western Germany through a two-step process. The first step is a literature review to identify success factors of CECOs. Second, 12 semi-structured expert interviews with managers of CECOs are conducted and evaluated by means of a qualitative content analysis. The interviews identified the success factors and barriers of CECOs. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The coding process was carried out using a qualitative data analysis software (ATLAS.ti 8.4.5,).

Results
The results show that three factors particular should be present, but can influence each other, to lead to successful CECOs: (1) the CECOs require business models with low complexity, as business models that span different stages of the value chain can overwhelm organizational managers. (2) Committed key individuals must be found and promoted. They need the support of the members. (3) Social and ecological principles are the core values of CECOs. The maintenance and strengthening of social–ecological credibility must be promoted in the public perception.

Conclusions
The results show that CECOs emerge from a strong social cohesion in a society. In addition, local "key individuals" need to be identified and supported. To this end, the framework conditions (e.g., policy, legislation, municipal support, etc.) must be adapted in such a way that these "key individuals" in CECOs are not overburdened. The analysis of the interviews also revealed that political or regulatory barriers are often cited as obstacles to the implementation of community energy projects.
Estrogenic activity of freeze-dried silkworm extracts through the activation of estrogen receptors in MCF-7 cells
Authors: Lee Sullim , Nguyen Quynh Nhu , Kim Sung Jin , Lee Joohwan , Shin Myoung-Sook 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSilkworm is an insect that feeds on mulberry leaves only, and silkworm powder has been reported to have antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and anticholesterol activities. In this study, we measured the content of 1-deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ) in 24 different extracts from silkworm cocoons and also investigated the estrogenic activities of these extracts and their effects on the activation of intracellular signaling pathways in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Among the 24 silkworm extracts, relatively high 1-DNJ content and estrogenic activity were shown by Extract 11 (30E3H20-1), which was prepared by a single extraction of silkworm powder with 20 times the volume of 30% ethanol against each powder weight for 3 h. The estrogen receptor activity of this extract was confirmed based on its promoting effects on the phosphorylation of the estrogen receptor α (ERα) and mRNA expression of the ESR1 and ESR2 genes. In addition, treatment with Extract 11 (30E3H20-1) increased the phosphorylation of AKT, p38, and JNK, which are downstream proteins of ERα. Based on our findings, a silkworm extract could be developed as a natural estrogen supplement in the future.
A systems perspective on early childhood development education in South Africa
Authors: Venter Lieschen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSouth Africa’s basic education system is dysfunctional. It scores last or close to last in a myriad of metrics and delivers learners with some of the worst literacy and numeracy competencies worldwide. A bimodal distribution in the results exists when learners from the richest socioeconomic quintile are performing adequately well, while learners from the poorest quintiles are failing. This paper presents a system dynamics simulation model to describe the causal linkages between improved early childhood and pre-school learning practices on the education system as a whole. The paper investigates the difference in performance between rich and poor communities. Three interventions explore the research question of whether it is the number of enrolments into early childhood development programs that increases a cohort’s school readiness, or rather the quality of the early childhood development programs into which they were enrolled. The results answer the research question for the Western Cape province by showing that increasing the quality of the formal ECD programs leads to a greater percentage of school-ready five year olds than increasing the percentage of enrolled children, but that decreasing community poverty leads to better results than either intervention. The results show the simulation model to be a powerful tool to assist with policy setting and intervention testing for any other province or country by simply changing the input data and calibration.
Combination of rGO/S, N/TiO2 for the enhancement of visible light-driven toluene photocatalytic degradation
Authors: Winayu Birgitta Narindri Rara , Mao Wan-Hua , Chu Hsin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractToluene is one type of common volatile organic compounds that is harmful to human health. Therefore, the degradation of toluene is critical to improving air quality value. Performance improvement of TiO2, a typically applied photocatalyst, has advantages in light absorption and electron transfer process. In this study, the TiO2 catalyst was improved by the doping of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), sulfur, and nitrogen (S, N) elements. The highest toluene photocatalytic degradation was performed under the composition of 1wt%rGO/S0.05N0.1TiO2. Improvement in photocatalytic activity was achieved by higher specific surface area, formation of oxygen-containing functional group, and chemical defect structure. However, a higher amount of rGO addition creates the shielding effect and inhibits the light penetration. Moreover, the relative humidity and applied temperature influence the photocatalytic activity through the competitive adsorption or increase the collisions frequency, respectively. During the photocatalytic degradation using 0.1wt%rGO/S0.05N0.1TiO2, toluene will be converted into benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, benzoic acid, water, and carbon dioxide.
Gut microbiome/metabolome predicts response to immune checkpoint blockers (ICB) in patients with recurrent metastatic head and neck squamous cell cancer (RM HNSCC).
Authors: Bari Shahla , Jain Shalini , Yadav Hariom , Liu Min , Hodge Eli , Kirtane Kedar , Chung Christine H. , Conejo-Garcia Jose , Muzaffar Jameel 
Published: June 2022

6055 Background: Gut microbiome has emerged as an important predictor of response to ICB therapy in various cancers, most notably in melanoma. Due to functional redundancy of microbiota, there has been lack of consistency in gut microbial signature associated with ICB response. Microbial metabolites in addition to taxonomy may play a superior role in predicting response to ICB. Gut microbiome/metabolome signatures of ICB response is unknown in RM HNSCC patients. Methods: Two cohorts of patients were included (stool and plasma samples were collected)- cohort 1, newly diagnosed RM HNSCC patients starting first line ICB, for whom samples were collected before ICB initiation (baseline) and post-treatment at 3, 6, and 12 months. Cohort 2 with durable response (disease control lasting ≥ 6 months), with single sample collected at study entry. 16s rRNA sequencing was performed on stool samples while plasma metabolites were quantitated using Q Exactive plus Orbitrap mass spectrometer. Response was defined as partial response (PR) or complete response (CR) as per RECIST 1.1 Results: The 16-S sequence was carried on 31 samples (cohort 1- 16 baseline, 7 post treatment; cohort 2- 8 durable responders). Targeted metabolomics was completed on 92 plasma samples [cohort 1-27 baseline and 50 post-treatment, cohort 2- 15]. Responders had a significantly higher Shannon’s diversity index, lower Fermicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio, and were enriched with genus Bacteroides and Lachnospiracea incerate sedis at baseline and post treatment, compared to non-responders (p < 0.05). At species level, baseline and post treatment microbiome of responders was enriched with Eubacterium oxidoreducens and Bacteroides uniformis. Ruminococcus was preferentially enriched in durable responders. Targeted analysis of plasma metabolites (associated with gut microbial metabolism) showed that responders had a significantly lower baseline adenosine, Inosine and xanthine level as compared to non responders. Further, Inosine levels decreased with response, while levels increased in non-responders (p < 0.05), suggestive of consumption by re-activated T cells Further, ICB responders had significantly lower Kynurenine to tryptophan ratio compared to non responders Conclusions: This is the first study evaluating association of gut microbiome and metabolome on response to first line ICB, in RM HNSCC patients. We found higher diversity and specific gut microbial signatures associated with ICB response. Interestingly, we found that inosine and kynurenine/tryptophan pathways, both which play a crucial role in host as well as gut microbial metabolism were differentially expressed in ICB responders. Our results if validated in larger cohort, lays groundwork for gut microbiome and importantly microbial metabolite modulation to improve response to ICB in RM HNSCC.
Dynamic cell free HPV DNA is an early measure of treatment responsiveness in patients receiving induction chemotherapy for HPV-related head and neck cancer.
Authors: Cao Linda (Yilin) , Kiess Ana Ponce , Hwang Michael , Boudadi Karim , Saloura Vassiliki , Mattox Austin , Gramiccioni Emily , Schmitt David , Preston Jennifer , Starus Anna Malgorzata , Jones Frederick S. , Seiwert Tanguy Y. , Quon Harry 
Published: June 2022

6062 Background: Induction chemotherapy (IC) is being studied as a chemoradiation (CRT) de-intensification strategy in HPV-related head and neck cancer (HNC), but using imaging response for eligibility selection is distinctly limited by delayed correlation with biological response and difficulty in distinguishing active tumor from treatment effect. We report serial cell free HPV DNA (cfHPV DNA) dynamics as a quantitative measure of early treatment responsiveness for HPV-related HNC patients receiving IC followed by CRT. Methods: Patients with high-risk HPV-positive (by in situ hybridization), locally advanced HNC who received IC followed by definitive CRT were enrolled starting on Sept 26, 2021. Patients received 1-2 cycles of platinum/taxane IC prior to initiating standard-dose CRT. Peripheral blood cfHPV DNA levels were measured biweekly during IC and weekly during CRT with the SafeSEQ HPV test from Sysmex Inostics, an NGS-based, CLIA-certified assay designed to sensitively detect and quantify HPV16 and HPV18 DNA in plasma. Tumor volumes were assessed on the pre- and post-IC planning CT scans by the treating radiation oncologist. Results: To date, 72 plasma samples have been processed across 11 enrolled patients with median age 66 years (range: 35-79). The primary disease sites included 7 oropharynx (OPX), 1 sinonasal, 2 nasopharyngeal, and 1 larynx. All patients had at least cT3 disease or cN3 disease (AJCC 8), with 6 patients having cT4 disease. Five (45.5%) have a smoking history, each > 10 pack-years. We report cfHPV DNA and tumor volume measurements at key timepoints for the 8 patients who have completed IC below. Conclusions: Serial cfHPV DNA identifies a group of locally advanced HPV-related HNC patients who have complete/near-complete cfDNA clearance during IC. This may provide an earlier readout of individualized treatment responsiveness compared to radiologic assessment, and may therefore be a preferred metric for CRT de-intensification eligibility. Clearance velocity will be evaluated with our granular biweekly IC and weekly CRT cfHPV DNA dataset to help further elucidate tumor response kinetics with this paradigm. [Table: see text]
Feasibility and quality of life of postoperative concurrent radiotherapy and toripalimab in elderly patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (IMPORT trial).
Authors: Zhang Ximei , Dou Shengjin , Tao Lei , Jiang Wen , Ye Lulu , Li Rongrong , Zhu Guopei 
Published: June 2022

6066 Background: For elderly patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), the role of postoperative concurrent chemotherapy was controversial since the intolerable toxicities and increased acute mortality, thus, radiotherapy alone was recommended. Aimed to seek out a feasible regimen for concurrent treatment, we evaluated the feasibility and quality of life of postoperative concurrent radiotherapy and toripalimab (anti-PD-1 antibody) in elderly HNSCC patients. Methods: The IMPORT trial was an investigator-initiated, multicentre, open-label, parallel-group, phase 2, randomized study. Patients were enrolled at 3 hospitals in China. We randomly assigned (1:1) patients aged＞65 years, with ECOG Performance Status(PS) of 0–2, and with postoperative Stage III-IV (AJCC 8th Staging system) HNSCC to concurrent radiotherapy (60-66Gy) and toripalimab (240mg on D0, D21 and D42)(RT+PD-1 group) or radiotherapy alone(RT group). Following stratification by PS(0-1 vs 2) and pathological adverse features (extranodal extension or positive margin vs others), patients were randomly assigned using a computer-generated randomization list. Acute toxicities were reported. Quality of life were evaluated by EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-H&N35 at baseline, week3, week6 and 1 month after radiotherapy, and the standard scores were compared between groups by linear mixed-effects models. Results: Between September 2020 and December 2021, 38 patients randomly assigned(19 per group). The median age were 70 years (range 66-81) for the RT+PD-1 group and 73 years (range 67-78 years) for RT group. 16 (84.2%) patients in the RT+PD-1 group and 15 (78.9%) patients in the RT group complete the planed radiation dose. In the RT+PD-1 group, 13 (68.4%) patients completed 3 cycles of toripalimab, 3 (15.8%) patients completed 2 cycles due to adverse events and 3 (15.8%) patients declined toripalimab; The most common adverse events of grade 3-5 was oral mucositis (55.6% vs 58.8%) and lymphocyte count decreased(61.1% and 41.2%) in RT+PD-1 group and RT group. In the RT+PD-1 group, only 1 patients experienced grade 3 immune-related enteritis. As to the quality of life scores evaluated by QLQ-C30, no difference was found in standard score of global health status, as well as in most functional scales including: physical, emotion, cognitive and social, except for role functioning (p = 0.045). As to the symptom scale scores evaluated by QLQ-H&N35, no difference was found in standard score of pain, swallowing, dry mouth, opening mouth, and stick saliva, except for speech problem (p = 0.032). Conclusions: For elderly patients with locally advanced HNSCC, postoperative concurrent radiotherapy and toripalimab was safe and feasible. Concurrent toripalimab did not worsen quality of life scores in the majority of cases. Clinical trial information: NCT04523883.
Yatagarasu: A single-arm, open-label, phase 2 study of apalutamide (APA) plus goserelin (GOS) for patients (pts) with far locally advanced or recurrent/metastatic (fLA/RM) and androgen receptor (AR)-expressing salivary gland carcinoma (SGC).
Authors: Honma Yoshitaka , Monden Nobuya , Yamazaki Keisuke , Kano Satoshi , Satake Hironaga , Kadowaki Shigenori , Nagao Toshitaka , Nakatogawa Tomohiko , Fujii Koji , Koroki Yosuke , Aoyama Junya , Ouchi Shohei , Ogawa Tetsuro , McCarthy Sharon , Brookman-May Sabine D. , Mundle Suneel , Li Jinhui , Tada Yuichiro 
Published: June 2022

6079 Background: Overexpression of AR is identified as a potential molecular target of SGC treatment. Combined androgen blockade (CAB) with bicalutamide has been evaluated previously, but the clinical usefulness of CAB with a next generation AR inhibitor has been unclear in SGC. We prospectively assessed the efficacy and safety of APA+GOS for pts with AR-expressing SGC. Methods: Eligible pts had fLA/RM SGC, and AR expression with at least 1% of cell nuclei immunohistochemistry staining positive. Pts were treated with APA 240 mg orally once daily and GOS 3.6 mg subcutaneously once 28 days. Primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR) by central review according to RECIST v1.1, and a response (complete response [CR] or partial response [PR]) was confirmed by repeat assessments at least 4 weeks after the initial evaluation showing a response. Primary analysis was performed based on first 24 response evaluable (RE) pts who had been observed at least 24 weeks (Primary RE pts). The ORR was tested using exact test based on the binominal distribution, the null hypothesis for ORR of 14% was rejected when at least 8 of the 24 Primary RE pts were responders, and the efficacy was to be declared. Key secondary endpoints included clinical benefit rate (CBR), disease control rate (DCR), duration of response (DOR), and time to response (TTR) in the Primary RE pts, and overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS), and safety in the treated pts. Results: Twenty-six of the 31 pts treated with APA+GOS were regarded as RE by central review. For the 24 Primary RE pts, ORR was 25.0% (6/24), while 37.5% (9/24) including unconfirmed PR. Clinical benefit rate and DCR in the Primary RE pts were 50.0% and 70.8%, respectively. At the data cut-off (Apr 28, 2021), 5 of 6 pts with confirmed response were still on protocol treatment. Median PFS and OS in the treated pts were 7.43 months (mos) and not reached, respectively, with the median follow-up period of 8.57 mos. Grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse events were reported in 4/31 (12.9%) pts, and the events were rash maculo-papular (n=2), anemia (n=1), and leukopenia (n=1). Conclusions: This is the first prospective trial evaluating CAB with APA for AR-expressing SGC. Although this study did not meet the predefined criteria of efficacy, clinically meaningful activity with well-tolerated safety profile of APA+GOS was shown. Clinical trial information: NCT04325828. [Table: see text]
Home Blood Pressure for the Prediction of Preeclampsia in Women With Preexisting Diabetes
Authors: Do Nicoline Callesen , Vestgaard Marianne , Ásbjörnsdóttir Björg , Andersen Lise Lotte Torvin , Jensen Dorte Møller , Ringholm Lene , Damm Peter , Mathiesen Elisabeth Reinhardt 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Context
Outside of pregnancy, home blood pressure (BP) has been shown to be superior to office BP for predicting cardiovascular outcomes.

Objective
This work aimed to evaluate home BP as a predictor of preeclampsia in comparison with office BP in pregnant women with preexisting diabetes.

Methods
A prospective cohort study was conducted of 404 pregnant women with preexisting diabetes; home BP and office BP were measured in early (9 weeks) and late pregnancy (35 weeks). Discriminative performance of home BP and office BP for prediction of preeclampsia was assessed by area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC).

Results
In total 12% (n = 49/404) developed preeclampsia. Both home BP and office BP in early pregnancy were positively associated with the development of preeclampsia (adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) per 5 mm Hg, systolic/diastolic): home BP 1.43 (1.21-1.70)/1.74 (1.34-2.25) and office BP 1.22 (1.06-1.40)/1.52 (1.23-1.87). The discriminative performance for prediction of preeclampsia was similar for early-pregnancy home BP and office BP (systolic, AUC 69.3 [61.3-77.2] vs 64.1 [55.5-72.8]; P = .21 and diastolic, AUC 68.6 [60.2-77.0] vs 66.6 [58.2-75.1]; P = .64). Similar results were seen when comparing AUCs in late pregnancy (n = 304). In early and late pregnancy home BP was lower than office BP (early pregnancy P &lt; .0001 and late pregnancy P &lt; .01 for both systolic and diastolic BP), and the difference was greater with increasing office BP.

Conclusion
In women with preexisting diabetes, home BP and office BP were positively associated with the development of preeclampsia, and for the prediction of preeclampsia home BP and office BP were comparable.
Context in Context
Authors: Burke Peter 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis essay, published originally in 2002, is reprinted in “Contextualism—The Next Generation: Symposium on the Future of a Methodology,” because of its impact on the thinking that informs and has led to this new symposium. Burke's argument is that the term context has become “an intellectual slogan or shibboleth” and that “there is a price to pay” for its “more and more frequent use . . . in a number of disciplines—among them, anthropology, archaeology, art history, geography, intellectual history, law, linguistics, literary criticism, philosophy, politics, psychology, sociology, and theology.” A brief history of the uses of the term and its cognates in these disciplines is provided, along with an examination of “recent interest in the phenomenology of recontextualism or ‘reframing,’” which “depends on agency, creativity, and the power to adapt” and which, indeed, almost defines what is meant by “originality, innovation, invention, or creativity.” The essay concludes that context ought to be used mainly in the plural to indicate that no topic is properly interpretable in any single framework.
Blindfolded
Authors: Perl Jeffrey M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn a monograph-length contribution to the Common Knowledge symposium on contextualism, the journal's editor decontextualizes and then recontextualizes the medieval iconographic trope of Ecclesia and Synagoga in an effort to make plausible a news story about Pope Francis that received little coverage in the press. During 2015, the fiftieth anniversary of the Vatican II declaration Nostra Aetate, Francis paid a surprise visit to a new statue in the United States, “Synagoga and Ecclesia in Our Time” by Joshua Koffman, as a sign of his endorsement of its radical reconsideration of a trope long associated with anti-Jewish sentiment in the Catholic Church. This article, which begins with a detailed analysis of Emeritus Pope Benedict XVI's essay on the Nostra Aetate treatise De Iudaeis, deals primarily with twelfth- and thirteenth-century uses of the iconography. Special attention is paid to the Anagogical Window of the Royal Abbey of Saint-Denis and to the Ecclesia, Synagoga, and King Solomon statues on the south facade of Strasbourg Cathedral, in both of which is found previously overlooked evidence of philo-Semitic, rather than anti-Semitic, thinking on the part of the designers. The article concludes that contextualist scholars of medieval art have found what they expected to find and ignored contrary indications.