bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SEBASTIAN CABOT AND THE ORGANIZATION OF ENGLISH MARITIME EXPEDITIONS IN THE MIDDLE OF THE XVI CENTURY
Authors: Киселев А.А. 
Published: June 2022

Статья посвящена вкладу венецианского исследователя Себастьяна Кабота в подготовку английских морских экспедиций в 1550-е гг. В XV–XVI вв. английские купцы, подобно португальским и испанским, были заинтересованы в дальних заморских плаваниях и открытии новых земель. Главный интерес у них вызывал поиск доступных морских путей в страны Востока (Индия, Китай, Япония), а самую большую активность в этом направлении проявили торговцы из Бристоля и диаспора английских купцов из испанской Севильи. Наиболее известным среди них инициатором морских экспедиций «в Офир и Катай» был венецианец С. Кабот, прославившийся исследованиями побережья Северной и Южной Америки во имя английской, а затем испанской короны. Используя передовой опыт испанской навигации, Кабот внес основной вклад в подготовку первой английской экспедиции Х. Уиллоби и Р. Ченслера, отправившейся в 1553 г. на поиски Северо-Восточного прохода в Азию, однако открывшей морской путь из Англии в Россию. Также венецианец стал основателем и первым губернатором Московской торговой компании, осуществлявшей коммерцию между двумя странами. Деятельность С. Кабота слабо отражена в историографии. Основываясь на английских, испанских и венецианских источниках, автор исследует его вклад в становление тюдоровской Англии как морской державы и будущей колониальной империи.
The article focuses on the Venetian explorer Sebastian Cabot’s contribution to the preparation of English maritime expeditions in the 1550s. In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries English merchants, like those of Portugal and Spain, were interested in overseas voyages and the discovery of new lands. They were mainly interested in finding accessible sea routes to Eastern countries (India, China, Japan) and the most active in this direction were traders from Bristol and a diaspora of English merchants from Spanish Seville. The most famous among them was the Venetian Sebastian Cabot, who was known as explorer of the coasts of North and South America in the name of the English and then the Spanish crown. Using advanced Spanish navigational skills, Cabot was instrumental in preparing England’s first expedition of Hugh Willoughby and Richard Chancellor, which set out in 1553 to find the Northeast Passage to Asia, but discovered a sea route from England to Russia. He was also the founder and the first governor of the Muscovy Company which conducted trade between Russia and England. Cabot’s activities are poorly reflected in historiography. Based on English, Spanish and Venetian sources, the author examines his contribution to the formation of Tudor England as a maritime power and future colonial empire.
«YOU MAKE NO MEN OF US, BUT BEASTS» SAILORS OF THE ENGLISH ROYAL NAVY AT THE END OF THE XVI CENTURY
Authors: Гаврилов С.Н. 
Published: June 2022

Эпоха правления династии Тюдор в Англии — время рождения военного флота, его превращения из средневекового «события» в постоянно действующий институт. Не удивительно, что военно-морские силы этого периода традиционно привлекают внимание исследователей. В ходе развития науки менялись научные подходы и направления в исследовании истории королевского флота: от героической истории, объектом которой становились прославленные флотоводцы и победы, до институциональной истории, фокусировавшейся на исследовании повседневных механизмов функционирования военно-морских сил. Вне поля зрения ученых долгое время оставалась история простых моряков, без которых были бы невозможны как победы на море, так и само существование «морских стен Англии». Данная статья посвящена изучению положения английских моряков конца тюдоровской эпохи, ознаменовавшейся не только успешной защитой независимости страны, но и началом ее превращения в будущую Британскую империю.The epoch of the Tudor dynasty in England is the time of the emergence of the navy, its transformation from a medieval “event” into a permanent institution. It is not surprising that the naval forces of this period traditionally attract the attention of researchers. In the course of the development of science, scientific approaches and directions in the study of the history of the Royal Navy changed: from heroic history, the object of which became famous naval commanders and victories, to institutional history, focusing on the study of everyday mechanisms of the functioning of naval forces. For a long time, the history of ordinary sailors remained out of sight of scientists. But without sailors both victories at sea and the very existence of the “sea walls of England” would have been impossible. This article is devoted to the study of the history of sailors at the end of the Tudor epoch, which was marked not only by the successful defense of the independence of England, but also by the beginning of transformation this country into the future British Empire
THE 15TH-CENTURY LONDON TAILOR RALPH HOLLAND AND ATTEMPTS TO REFORM CITY GOVERNMENT
Authors: Чернова Л.Н. 
Published: June 2022

В статье выявляется роль Ральфа Холланда в конфликте между портными и торговцами тканями, который стал проявлением экономического и социально-политического раскола между ремесленниками и торговцами Лондона в XV в. Показано, что благодаря своим личным качествам, богатству и влиянию Ральф Холланд сумел стать выразителем недовольства ремесленников и в 1438–1444 гг. возглавил оппозиционное движение, направленное на «демократизацию» городского управления Лондона
The article reveals the role of Ralph Holland in the conflict between tailors and drapers, which became a manifestation of the economic and socio-political schism between artisans and tradesmen of London in the 15th century. It is shown that thanks to his personal qualities, wealth and influence, Ralph Holland managed to become a spokesman for the discontent of artisans and in 1438–1444 led an opposition movement aimed at “democratization” the City Government of London
THE STORY OF JOHN STRACHEY'S “POLITICAL WANDERINGS” SOME ASPECTS OF BIOGRAPHY IN THE PERIOD FROM 1924 TO 1931
Authors: Рудая О.И. 
Published: June 2022

В статье рассматривается общественно-политическая деятельность британского экономиста, публициста и теоретика лейборизма первой половины XX в. Э. Джона Стрэчи. Главное внимание уделено характеристике семилетнего периода идеологических поисков и практических действий мыслителя, осуществлявшихся в 1924–1931 гг. Отмечается, что этот процесс происходил на фоне тех общественных изменений, которые переживала Британия после окончания Первой мировой войны. Показан вклад Стрэчи в разработку социально-экономической концепции лейбористского движения и программы Новой партии Освальда Мосли
The article examines the socio-political activity of the British economist, publicist and Labor theorist of the first half of the XX century, E. John Strachey. The main attention is paid to the characteristics of the seven-year period of ideological searches and practical actions of the thinker carried out in 1924-1931. It is noted that this process took place against the background of the social changes that Britain experienced after the end of the First World War. Strachey's contribution to the development of the socio-economic concept of the Labor movement and the program of the New Party of Oswald Mosley is shown.
Characterization and evaluation of waste stabilization pond systems in Namibia
Authors: Sinn Jochen , Agrawal Shelesh , Orschler Laura , Lackner Susanne 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWaste stabilization ponds (WSP) exist worldwide to treat wastewater, especially in warm climates. They are characterized by simple operation and maintenance and over 50 years many WSP were built in urban communities in Namibia. This study characterized and evaluated nine of these WSP systems in terms of their influent and effluent water quality and compared them with the requirements for water reuse in agriculture. In their current state none of them adhered with the Namibian or the new European reuse standards, especially due to tCOD concentrations above 100 mg/L caused by high algal fractions in the pCOD. The algae related chlorophyll-a concentrations correlated linearly with the pCOD and this correlation can therefore be used to fractionate the tCOD for further judgement. Additionally, microbial community analyses determined the composition of pathogens in the WSP influent and effluent, this helped to assess potential risks and distinguish between potentially toxic and non-toxic cyanobacteria. The EU requirement of less than 1,000 E. coli per 100 mL for fodder crop irrigation was only achieved with one WSP system which was enhanced with additional pre- and post-treatment. This research delivers a first overview of the current situation and can be used as basis to establish possible enhancement measures for existing WSP as well as to investigate possible effluent application in agricultural irrigation.
An Explicative Review on the Progress of Quinazoline Scaffold as
Bioactive Agents in the Past Decade
Authors: Bansode Deepali , Jain Naman , Goel Tanvi , Thakar Snehal , Jadhav Madhav 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
In the last decade, quinazoline has been one of the most explored scaffolds by researchers
around the globe in medicinal chemistry. Its unique structural features provide a wide range of substitutions
for nitrogen and carbonyl groups. In the current situation of COVID-19, hydroxychloroquine,
an antimalarial drug of the quinoline category, was used for the treatment of severe infections.
Various substitution patterns, hybrids, and conjugates of quinazoline have been developed and
studied for various pharmacological activities like anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antitubercular,
etc. The scaffold can be considered a potential molecule for various pharmacological
activities, especially antimicrobial and anti-hypertensive. The current review aims to study the physicochemical
properties, chemistry, and pharmacological profile of quinazoline.
Glucose and Ethanol Checked by Flow Direct Catalytic Fuel Cell (DCFC)
and Energetic Considerations
Authors: Tomassetti Mauro , Castrucci Mauro , Dell’Aglio Emanuele , Campanella Luigi , Pezzilli Riccardo , Natale Corrado Di 
Published: June 2022

Aims:
A new basic research was conducted concerning the possibility of using a flow DCFC
(Direct Catalytic Fuel Cell) for analytical purposes, checking ethanol and glucose. Also making considerations
on the energy conversion aspect of these fuels.

Background:
There are a large number of studies concerning catalytic or microbial fuel cells, which allow
to obtain electricity, both using liquid fuels, such as ethanol and methanol, or solid fuels, such as
carbohydrates, biomass and so on. These systems are frequently characterized by high conversion efficiency
but also high complexity and considerable costs.

Objective:
In the present research we investigated the possibility of using a very simple flow system to
carry out measurement of ethanol concentration, or glucose analysis, using the same flow system associated
with a small reactor containing yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae).

Methods:
The main operating conditions have been optimized and the concentration range where the flow
system response shows a linear correlation with the fuel concentration was also identified.

Result:
The current delivered by the catalytic system operating in flow was determined and the calibration
sensitivity values are higher than the sensitivity found in batch mode. It has also been shown that it is
possible to realize a very simple system, which can be used to study and evaluate the conversion of chemical
energy into electrical energy, using ethanol or glucose as fuel and the theoretical importance and analytical
advantages have been emphasized, so that the use of carbohydrates, such as solid fuels, could represent.

Conclusion:
Present research has shown how, by operating in flow mode, rather than in batch, it is possible
to have advantages from an analytical point of view, since a considerable increase in the sensitivity of
the method can be obtained, probably attributable to a reduction in the effects of poisoning. Moreover,
how it is possible to study and optimize the energy conversion conditions by means of a simple and inexpensive
apparatus.
Dextromethorphan-Induced Altered Level of Consciousness in Children:
A Case Series
Authors: Hotha Priyanka Pravinbhai , Gupta Rachna , Narang Manish 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Dextromethorphan, a N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist, has been used as cold and cough medication. Serious adverse events with therapeutic doses of dextromethorphan are rarely observed. Here, we report three cases of altered level of consciousness in children with therapeutic dose of dextromethorphan.

Case Presentation:
In all three cases, children developed altered level of consciousness after taking first dose of syrup dextromethorphan. Children were unresponsive to any verbal command and pain stimuli. Medical history revealed no pre-existing comorbidities. Other systemic, cardiovascular, abdominal, respiratory and nervous system examinations were normal. All patients were hospitalised and managed with symptomatic and supportive care. Dextromethorphan was stopped. After adequate treatment, all of them recovered satisfactorily. The causality assessment was done based on the World Health Organization Uppsala Monitoring Centre causality scale and it was probable/likely in all three cases.

Conclusion:
In children, altered level of consciousness could occur with therapeutic doses of dextromethorphan; hence, health care professionals should prescribe dextromethorphan with extreme caution.
COVID-19 Vaccine Fact-Checking Posts on Facebook: Observational Study
Authors: Xue Haoning , Gong Xuanjun , Stevens Hannah 
Published: June 2022

Background
Effective interventions aimed at correcting COVID-19 vaccine misinformation, known as fact-checking messages, are needed to combat the mounting antivaccine infodemic and alleviate vaccine hesitancy.

Objective
This work investigates (1) the changes in the public's attitude toward COVID-19 vaccines over time, (2) the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine fact-checking information on social media engagement and attitude change, and (3) the emotional and linguistic features of the COVID-19 vaccine fact-checking information ecosystem.

Methods
We collected a data set of 12,553 COVID-19 vaccine fact-checking Facebook posts and their associated comments (N=122,362) from January 2020 to March 2022 and conducted a series of natural language processing and statistical analyses to investigate trends in public attitude toward the vaccine in COVID-19 vaccine fact-checking posts and comments, and emotional and linguistic features of the COVID-19 fact-checking information ecosystem.

Results
The percentage of fact-checking posts relative to all COVID-19 vaccine posts peaked in May 2020 and then steadily decreased as the pandemic progressed (r=–0.92, df=21, t=–10.94, 95% CI –0.97 to –0.82, P<.001). The salience of COVID-19 vaccine entities was significantly lower in comments (mean 0.03, SD 0.03, t=39.28, P<.001) than in posts (mean 0.09, SD 0.11). Third-party fact checkers have been playing a more important role in more fact-checking over time (r=0.63, df=25, t=4.06, 95% CI 0.33-0.82, P<.001). COVID-19 vaccine fact-checking posts continued to be more analytical (r=0.81, df=25, t=6.88, 95% CI 0.62-0.91, P<.001) and more confident (r=0.59, df=25, t=3.68, 95% CI 0.27-0.79, P=.001) over time. Although comments did not exhibit a significant increase in confidence over time, tentativeness in comments significantly decreased (r=–0.62, df=25, t=–3.94, 95% CI –0.81 to –0.31, P=.001). In addition, although hospitals receive less engagement than other information sources, the comments expressed more positive attitudinal valence in comments compared to other information sources (b=0.06, 95% CI 0.00-0.12, t=2.03, P=.04).

Conclusions
The percentage of fact-checking posts relative to all posts about the vaccine steadily decreased after May 2020. As the pandemic progressed, third-party fact checkers played a larger role in posting fact-checking COVID-19 vaccine posts. COVID-19 vaccine fact-checking posts continued to be more analytical and more confident over time, reflecting increased confidence in posts. Similarly, tentativeness in comments decreased; this likewise suggests that public uncertainty diminished over time. COVID-19 fact-checking vaccine posts from hospitals yielded more positive attitudes toward vaccination than other information sources. At the same time, hospitals received less engagement than other information sources. This suggests that hospitals should invest more in generating engaging public health campaigns on social media.
Pemanfaatan Mean Stack Dalam Digitalisasi Administrasi Tugas Akhir Menggunakan Kombinasi Iteratif dan Scrum Model
Authors: Sevani Nina , Wiryasaputra Rita , Wijaya Jeremy , Anggelica Vini Janti 
Published: June 2022

Citra suatu organisasi tercermin dari baiknya penyusunan administrasi organisasi yang melibatkan kepemimpinan, kebijakan, dan hubungan antar manusia. Kegiatan administrasi mencakup kegiatan pengendalian informasi yaitu tulis menulis/mencatat, menggandakan, menyimpan, dimana kegiatannya bertransformasi menjadi lebih praktis dan transparansi pada era digitalisasi. Program studi sebagai bagian dari perguruan tinggi menghadapi kompleksitas administrasi Tugas Akhir (TA) mahasiswa yang menimbulkan beberapa permasalahan antara lain human error, keberagaman formating berkas, komunikasi panjang dan koordinasi bertingkat antar unsur dalam perguruan tinggi jika proses administrasi tersebut dikerjakan secara manual. Permasalahan berdampak pada terganggunya pengambilan keputusan. Akan tetapi hal tersebut dapat diminimalisir dengan pendigitalisasian administrasi TA mahasiswa berbasis web dengan teknologi MEAN (MongoDB, Express, Angular, dan NodeJS) stack menggunakan metodologi kombinasi antara Traditional Iterative model dengan Scrum model. Pemanfaatan modern teknologi MEAN STACK mengakomodir administrasi TA sebagai sebuah SPA (Single-Page Application) yang menggunakan bahasa pemrograman JavaScript baik dari client-side maupun server-side. Upaya ini dilakukan agar perangkat lunak yang dihasilkan dapat lebih adaptif atas perubahan sistem, namun biaya pengembangan terjangkau dan pengendalian dapat dilakukan pada setiap tahap secara transparan dalam sebuah tim kerja kecil.
Deteksi Objek Daun Semanggi Secara Real Time Menggunakan CNN-Single Shot Multibox Detector (SSD)
Authors: Astuti Ida , Ariestya Winda Widya , Solehudin Bambang 
Published: June 2022

Tumbuhan obat saat ini banyak ditemui sebagai tumbuhan yang memiliki fungsi dan berkhasiat untuk penyembuhan ataupun mencegah berbagai penyakit. Salah satunya adalah daun semanggi yang memiliki khasiat sebagai tumbuhan obat, namun masyarakat belum banyak mengenal bentuk daun tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan deteksi objek daun semanggi yang dilakukan secara real – time melalui input gambar berbasis kamera webcam, selanjutnya proses ekstraksi fitur dilakukan dengan deep learning menggunakan framework Tensorflow object detection dan pengolahan citra dengan metode CNN-Single Shot MultiBox Detector (SSD). Metode penelitian yang digunakan terdiri dari beberapa tahapan yaitu akuisisi data, preproses data, proses training dan pembentukan model serta pengujian. Berdasarkan hasil Uji coba yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan perbandingan rasio terhadap data train dan data test diperoleh hasil terbaik yaitu dengan perbandingan data train dan data test 80:20 dengan precission 80 %, recall 100 % dan akurasi 86,6 %. Hal ini menyatakan bahwa model deteksi objek daun semanggi dengan menggunakan SSD dapat berjalan dengan baik.
Las pruebas de fluidez lectora como estrategia para mejorar la comprensión de lectura en estudiantes de grado cuarto de la Institución Educativa el Bosque
Authors: Pinilla Roa Sandra Lorena , Moreno Pérez Elssy Yamile , Rodríguez Sierra Astrid Viviana 
Published: June 2022

La comprensión lectora desde el inicio del ser humano es una habilidad adquirida y aprendida que incentiva día tras día a mejorar el uso de la lengua y a afianzar la comprensión para una mejora de resultados cognitivos a nivel general.
Esta investigación propone determinar la efectividad de las pruebas de fluidez lectora en los resultados de la comprensión en los estudiantes de grado cuarto de la jornada mañana de la Institución Educativa el Bosque del Municipio de Soacha, teniendo presente que, dadas las prácticas pedagógicas institucionales, son niños que están en el ejercicio constante de analizar para poder desarrollar tareas argumentativas e interpretativas en búsqueda de constantes soluciones.
Como propuesta para desarrollar la comprensión y analizar los resultados obtenidos, se diseñó una unidad didáctica donde se adaptaron pruebas de fluidez lectora, encaminadas a trabajar los niveles de comprensión textual; aplicando inicialmente una prueba pretest que determina los niveles iniciales de comprensión de los participantes, seguido de la aplicación de la unidad didáctica, aplicada como el estímulo al grupo experimental, para finalmente y por medio de una prueba post-test, determinar la efectividad de las pruebas fluidez, en la mejora de la comprensión; comparando los resultados iniciales con los finales.
El trabajo se inscribió en un enfoque metodológico cuantitativo por medio de un proceso donde se determinaron variables e hipótesis y se determinó un plan de acción con los estudiantes, teniendo como ventaja que ellos se encuentran en los mismos rangos de edad, escolaridad y condiciones intelectuales similares por encontrarse en el mismo contexto; se analizó que toda lectura repetida registrada mostró más comprensión y fluidez en ellos, teniendo rasgos y tiempo empleado, esta respuesta permitió determinar el desempeño alcanzado por cada niño en cada uno de sus niveles de comprensión, lo que demostró que entre más pruebas de fluidez se apliquen mejor es su desempeño en los niveles de comprensión y el reconocimiento y codificación de palabras permiten más precisión, entonación velocidad, que ayudan a mejorar la automaticidad de la lectura, facilitando el proceso de darle significado a la información de textos.
Análisis estadístico para la caracterización de los egresados del programa de arquitectura, diseño y urbanismo de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander.
Authors: García Martínez Ruth Stella , Díaz Umaña Yannette 
Published: June 2022

Este artículo forma parte de la investigación a los egresados del Plan de estudio de arquitectura de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander desde la perspectiva estadística válida para determinar la caracterización de sus egresados desde la primera cohorte en 2005 hasta la última cohorte de 2020, del mismo modo busca conocer la incursión y el impacto en el medio laboral de los mismos, el estudio se realiza mediante un análisis estadístico descriptivo abordando aspectos como las condiciones socioeconómicas, el estado laboral, la formación en posgrados, los reconocimientos que han recibido. Los datos recabados ofrecen un recurso de evaluación y retroalimentación a fin de mejorar la formación de los nuevos profesionales y plantear estrategias que les permita satisfacer las necesidades reales del medio.