bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Design of Bandung Station Area Through Walkability Using Urban Network Analysis
Authors: Soleh M A , Soedarsono W K , Putra B D 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWalkability is a component of a liveable city; then, a liveable city will be able to improve the quality of life and encourage sustainable urban activities. There are two main aspects of forming a walkable city, namely the physical aspect and non-physical aspects. Bandung City Station is the epicenter of the movement pattern of the city, both seen in the macroscope and micro areas. This area has grown and developed beyond its capacity, giving rise to a motorized vehicle-oriented environment. This creates a lot of city problems. Some of them are areas that are not pedestrian-friendly. This study aims to design a pedestrian-friendly Bandung City Station area based on walkable city principles using Urban Network Analysis (UNA) as an analytical tool. Urban network analysis (UNA) is a software toolbox in ArcGIS software that can be used to describe spatial relationships in a built environment network. Spatial relationships include circulation routes, roads or connecting infrastructure, and building functions. As approached quantitatively, UNA predicts travel volume, route choice, and assessment of infrastructure utilization so that people can walk and cycle comfortably. The results of the UNA simulation show that the spatial characteristics of the region (urban design elements) influence pedestrian movement patterns. Land use and mass intensity of buildings and regional circulation patterns influence the accessibility index (reach index, gravity index, and straightness index) of a region. While the block pattern, the character of the building, and the character of the road network influence the number of trips in a corridor or intersection (betweenness index) and determine the level of isolation of a building (closeness index). By elaborating the results of the UNA analysis with city design elements, this study can determine the effect of urban design elements on pedestrian movement patterns and how planning and design can create a walkable environment.
The Potential Placement of Visual Stimuli for Occupant Interaction Improvement in Compact Living Space at Karawang, West Java: The Isovist of Space Syntax Approach
Authors: Exora R D , Adhitama G P , Nurdini A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The small type of landed housing with limited living space (compact living space) has been vastly growing in several of Indonesia’s regency areas, such as in Karawang. However, despite those limited spaces, the house’s role as a hub of family interaction must be preserved. The suggested method to improve the quality of occupant interaction is by applying visual stimuli elements. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the potential placement of a visual stimulus using Karawang’s small housing type as a case study. The primary analysis was processed using the isovist of space syntax approach and focused on Visibility Graph Analysis (VGA). The result shows that the veranda and the transitional area, which intersect with the entrance, have the best visibility value from the living room as the communal space. Those areas are identified as the best placement for visual stimuli. Based on this study, it is suggested for the designer and occupier to organize the veranda area, the transitional area along the side of the living room, and their surrounding walls, using visual stimuli (such as colour, furnishing, or decorations) to get quality family interaction.
High throughput discovery of enhanced visible photoactivity in Fe–Cr vanadate solar fuels photoanodes
Authors: Zhou Lan , Guevarra Dan , Gregoire John M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Metal oxide solar absorbers are well suited for photoelectrochemical applications where requisite properties include stability in highly oxidizing environments, in addition to solar energy conversion. Metal vanadates are of particular interest due to their relatively low band gap energies compared to traditional, wide-gap photocatalysts. Concerted efforts on BiVO4-based photoanodes have revealed multiple avenues for improving the solar conversion efficiencies for photon energies above 2.5 eV but have not addressed the ultimate performance limitations from the undesirably high band gap energy. Fe and Cr vanadates have a lower band gap and thus a higher potential solar conversion efficiency, although to-date the absorbed 2–2.5 eV photons are not effectively converted to the desired anodic photocurrent. By using combinatorial synthesis and high throughput screening, we demonstrate that cation substitutions with the monoclinic MVO4 phase (M = Cr, Fe) improves the utilization of photons in this energy range. Given the portfolio of photoanode improvement techniques available, we suggest optimization of (Cr0.5Fe0.5)VO4-based photoanodes as a promising path for enable solar fuel technologies.
Quantum neural networks force fields generation
Authors: Kiss Oriel , Tacchino Francesco , Vallecorsa Sofia , Tavernelli Ivano 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Accurate molecular force fields are of paramount importance for the efficient implementation of molecular dynamics techniques at large scales. In the last decade, machine learning (ML) methods have demonstrated impressive performances in predicting accurate values for energy and forces when trained on finite size ensembles generated with ab initio techniques. At the same time, quantum computers have recently started to offer new viable computational paradigms to tackle such problems. On the one hand, quantum algorithms may notably be used to extend the reach of electronic structure calculations. On the other hand, quantum ML is also emerging as an alternative and promising path to quantum advantage. Here we follow this second route and establish a direct connection between classical and quantum solutions for learning neural network (NN) potentials. To this end, we design a quantum NN architecture and apply it successfully to different molecules of growing complexity. The quantum models exhibit larger effective dimension with respect to classical counterparts and can reach competitive performances, thus pointing towards potential quantum advantages in natural science applications via quantum ML.
Treatment of Chronic Femoral Neck Fracture With Cemented Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty and Management of Intraoperative Fracture With Cerclage Cabling
Authors: Campbell David H. , McKee Michael D. 
Published: July 2022

Summary:
We cover the operative treatment of a neglected chronic femoral neck fracture nonunion treated at 6 months. We begin with a description of the case and concomitant injuries. The operative portion includes the direct lateral approach with the patient in lateral decubitus position, exposure of the fracture site, osteotomy of the neck, debridement of the nonunion site, broaching, trialing, recognition and treatment of an intraoperative proximal femur fracture using cerclage cabling above and below the lesser trochanter, cementation of final components, and reduction. We conclude with the patient's radiographs at 2 weeks and clinical outcome at 6-week follow-up.
Repair of the Galeazzi Fracture
Authors: Campbell Hilary T. , Lowe Dylan T. , Egol Kenneth A. 
Published: July 2022

Summary:
This is a case of a 36-year-old female patient presenting with left forearm and wrist pain after a ground-level fall onto her outstretched left hand. Clinical and radiographic evaluation is consistent with a left distal radial shaft fracture with disruption of the distal radioulnar joint, known as a Galeazzi fracture. The purpose of this video is to review the appropriate management of Galeazzi fractures and demonstrate our treatment with this surgical approach.
Revision Patella Tendon Repair With Hamstring Tendon Autograft Augmentation Following Failed Inferior Pole Patella Fracture Open Reduction and Internal Fixation
Authors: Lowe Dylan T. , Jazrawi Laith M. , Egol Kenneth A. 
Published: July 2022

Summary:
A 46-year-old man presents with left knee bucking 3 months after open reduction and internal fixation of a left knee inferior pole patella fracture. Radiograph and magnetic resonance imaging evaluation reveal displacement and comminution of the inferior pole of the patella confirming failure of the repair. The purpose of this video is to demonstrate the surgical management of failed inferior pole patella fractures using suture anchors for repair of the patella tendon and augmentation with ipsilateral autologous hamstring grafts.
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of a Partial Articular (OTA-43B) Pilon Fracture Through a Direct Anterior Approach
Authors: Olszewski Nathan , Tornetta Paul 
Published: July 2022

Summary:
We present the management of an OTA-43B Pilon fracture with a depressed plafond fragment, medial comminution, and displacement of the Chaput fragment. The patient was initially managed with external fixation to gain initial reduction of the pilon fracture and to allow the soft tissues to heal. As demonstrated, the extensile anterior approach can be modified and used to see the anteromedial and anterolateral tibial plafond so an anatomic reduction could be obtained. Also detailed is the reduction and fixation strategy and soft tissue closure, all of which plays a critical role in the outcome.
Operative Repair of a Schatzker II Tibial Plateau Fracture Using a Combined Anterolateral and Posterolateral Approach Without Fibular Head Osteotomy
Authors: Solasz Sara Jo , Ganta Abhishek , Konda Sanjit R. 
Published: July 2022

Summary:
We present the case of a 49-year-old male pedestrian struck by a car while cycling, sustaining a displaced anterolateral tibial plateau fracture and a large coronal plane fracture of the posterolateral plateau involving approximately one-third of the anterior posterior dimension of the articular surface. The posterolateral approach without a fibular osteotomy allows direct access to the posterolateral plateau and avoids complications associated with a fibular head osteotomy. The combined anterolateral and posterolateral approach to the proximal tibia without fibular osteotomy is a viable technique to achieve biomechanically sound fixation for lateral tibial plateau fractures that involve the anterolateral and posterolateral aspects of the tibial plateau.
Flexible Nailing of Pediatric Both Bone Forearm Fracture
Authors: Solasz Sara Jo , Lott Ariana , Ganta Abhishek , Konda Sanjit R. 
Published: July 2022

Summary:
This is the case of a 12-year-old boy presented with a displaced radial and ulnar shaft fracture. Historically, these fractures were managed conservatively with closed reduction and cast immobilization; however, there has been an increasing trend toward operative fixation. Malalignment is an indication for operative fixation of pediatric both bone forearm fractures. Flexible nailing was performed in this case because of the small incisions, minimal tissue disruption, shorter operative time, and ease of implant removal. Five years postoperatively, the patient's fracture was healed. Patient presented with an excellent clinical outcome including full range of motion and no pain. He had full strength of his arm and no deficits.
Posteromedial Talar Body Fracture: Case Discussion and Surgical Technique
Authors: Carlock Kurtis D. , Bunzel Eli W. , Goodnough L. Henry , Githens Michael F. 
Published: July 2022

Summary:
Posteromedial talar body fractures are a rare form of talus fracture that involves the tibiotalar and subtalar joints. In cases of displaced injuries, open reduction and internal fixation is typically recommended to minimize the risk of instability and post-traumatic osteoarthritis. This video presents a case of a posteromedial talar body fracture and highlights the technique for operative fixation through a posteromedial approach. Multiple methods to obtain reduction are discussed, and considerations with implant placement are described. The indications for surgical intervention are reviewed, and published outcomes following operative and nonoperative management of these injuries are presented.
Bundled Payments for Hip Fracture Surgery Are Associated With Improved Access, Quality, and Health Care Utilization, but Higher Costs for Complex Cases: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis
Authors: Pereira Michelle J. , Molina Joseph A. D. , Tan Bryan Y. , Yam Michael G. J. , Ramason Rani , Chua Ivan T. H. 
Published: July 2022

Objectives:
To study the impact of bundled payments for surgically managed hip fractures on care access, care quality, health care resource utilization, clinical impact, and acute care cost.

Design:
An observational retrospective cohort study using a quasi-experimental design comparing prebundled and postbundled payments through an interrupted time series analysis.

Setting:
A public acute care general hospital.

Patients:
Patients 60 years and older, with surgery for an isolated, unilateral, nonpathological hip fracture during 2014–first quarter of 2019 [diagnosis-related group codes: I03A, I03B, I08A, and I08B] and transferred to specific rehabilitation institutions were studied.

Intervention:
Bundled payments for funder-to-provider reimbursement.

Main Outcomes Measurements:
Care access, care quality, health care resource utilization, clinical impact, and cost.

Results:
Of 1477 patients, 811 were assigned to prebundled and 666 to postbundled payments. Although there was an improving trend of ward admission waiting times during postbundled payments [odds ratio (OR) = 1.14; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02–1.28], ward admission waiting times were longer when compared with prebundled payments (OR = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.23–0.85). Rates of 30-day all-cause readmissions were lower (OR = 0.08; 95% CI: 0.01–0.67), and trends of reducing inpatient rehabilitation and overall episode length of stay (OR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.16–1.37 and OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.07–1.28, respectively) were demonstrated during postbundled payments. Acute care cost for complex cases were higher (OR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.26–0.92) during bundled payments, compared with prebundled payments.

Conclusions:
Bundled payments for surgically managed hip fractures were associated with benefits for several outcomes pertinent to clinical improvement initiatives. More work, especially concerning cost-effective surgical implants and better care cost computations, are critically needed to contain the growth of acute medical care cost for these patients.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
A Dedicated Orthopaedic Trauma Room Improves Efficiency While Remaining Financially Net Positive
Authors: Lex Johnathan R. , Abbas Aazad , Oitment Colby , Wolfstadt Jesse , Wong Paul , Abouali Jihad , Yee Albert , Kreder Hans J. , Larouche Jeremie , Toor Jay 
Published: July 2022

Objectives:
To determine the impact of dedicated orthopaedic trauma room (DOTR) implementation on operating room efficiency and finances.

Design:
Retrospective cost-analysis.

Setting:
Single midsized academic-affiliated community hospital in Toronto, Canada.

Participants:
All patients that underwent the most frequently performed orthopaedic trauma procedures (hip hemiarthroplasty, open reduction internal fixation of the ankle, femur, elbow and distal radius), over a 4-year period from 2016 to 2019 were included.

Intervention:
Patient data acquired for 2 years before the implementation of a DOTR was compared with data acquired for a 2-year period after its implementation, adjusting for the number of cases performed.

Main Outcome Measurements:
The primary outcome was surgical duration. The secondary outcome was financial impact, including after-hours costs incurred and opportunity cost of displaced elective surgeries.

Results:
One thousand nine hundred sixty orthopaedic cases were examined pre- and post-DOTR. All procedures had reduced total operative time post-DOTR (mean improvement of 33.4%). The number of daytime operating hours increased 21%, whereas after-hours decreased by 37.8%. Overtime staffing costs were reduced by $24,976 alongside increase in opportunity costs of $22,500. This resulted in a net profit of $2476.

Conclusions:
Our results support the premise that DOTRs improve operating room efficiency and can be cost efficient. Our study also specifically addresses the hesitation regarding potential loss of profit from elective surgeries. Widespread implementation can improve patient care while still remaining financially favorable.

Level of Evidence:
Economic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Treatment updates on tenosynovial giant cell tumor
Authors: Palmerini Emanuela , Staals Eric L. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose of review
Diffuse-type tenosynovial giant cell tumor (dt-TGCT) is a benign clonal neoplastic proliferation arising from the synovium. Patients are often symptomatic, require multiple surgical procedures during their lifetime, and have reduced quality of life (QoL). Surgery is the main treatment with relapse rates ranging from 14 to 55%. The treatment strategy for patients with dt-TGCT is evolving. The purpose of this review is to describe current treatment options, and to highlight recent developments in the knowledge of the molecular pathogenesis of dt-TGCT as well as related therapeutic implications.

Recent findings
TGCT cells overexpress colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1), resulting in recruitment of CSF1 receptor (CSF1R)-bearing macrophages that are polyclonal and make up the bulk of the tumor, has led to clinical trials with CSF1R inhibitors. These inhibitors include small molecules such as pexidatinib, imatinib, nilotinib, DCC-3014 (vimseltinib), and the monoclonal antibody RG7155 (emactuzumab).

Summary
In conclusion, D-TGCT impairs patients’ QoL. The evidence that the pathogenetic loop of D-TGCT can be inhibited has changed the therapeutic armamentarium for this condition. Clinical trials of agents that target CSF1R are currently ongoing. All this new evidence should be taken into consideration within multidisciplinary management.
Associations of muscle mass, strength, and quality with all-cause mortality in China: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Wu Man , Wei Yuxia , Lv Jun , Guo Yu , Pei Pei , Li Jiachen , Du Huaidong , Yang Ling , Chen Yiping , Sun Xiaohui , Zhang Hua , Chen Junshi , Chen Zhengming , Yu Canqing , Li Liming ,   on behalf of the China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative Group
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
It remains unclear about the association of muscle mass, strength, and quality with death in the general Chinese population of diverse economical and geographical backgrounds. The present study aimed to comprehensively examine such associations across different regions in China.

Methods
Based on the China Kadoorie Biobank study, the present study included 23,290 participants who were aged 38 to 88 years and had no prevalent cardiovascular diseases or cancer. Muscle mass and grip strength were measured using calibrated instruments. Arm muscle quality was defined as the ratio of grip strength to arm muscle mass. Low muscle mass, grip strength, and arm muscle quality were defined as the sex-specific lowest quintiles of muscle mass index, grip strength, and arm muscle quality, respectively. Cox proportional hazards models yielded hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for risks of all-cause mortality in relation to muscle mass, strength, and quality.

Results
During a median follow-up of 3.98 years, 739 participants died. The HR (95% CI) of all-cause mortality risk was 1.28 (1.08–1.51) for low appendicular muscle mass index, 1.38 (1.16–1.62) for low total muscle mass index, 1.68 (1.41–2.00) for low grip strength, and 1.41 (1.20–1.66) for low arm muscle quality in models adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and medical histories.

Conclusion
Low muscle mass, grip strength, and arm muscle quality are all associated with short-term increased risks of mortality, indicating the importance of maintaining normal muscle mass, strength, and quality for general Chinese adults.
Driving forces and current trends in private equity acquisitions within ophthalmology
Authors: Del Piero Juliet , Parikh Ravi , Weng Christina Y. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose of review
Private equity investment in ophthalmology has dramatically increased over the past 20 years. Despite a massive influx in private equity investment in ophthalmology, little is known regarding if and how private equity investment might affect practice behavior. This review seeks to discuss why private equity investment may be expanding in ophthalmology and explore recent data on demographic and billing trends before and after private equity acquisition.

Recent findings
Recent publications have identified ophthalmology and optometry practices acquired by private equity from 2012 to 2021. Practice demographics and provider billing habits before and after private equity acquisition were analyzed from 2012 to 2019 and 2012 to 2017, respectively, using Internal Revenue Service, United States Census, and Medicare fee-for-service data.

Summary
Private equity investment in ophthalmology is increasing and may be because of a growing demand from an aging population, fragmented network of healthcare practices, and potential for ancillary billable services. Private equity practices acquired between 2012 and 2019 were mostly in metropolitan areas with higher proportions of private insurance coverage. Ophthalmologists and optometrists in practices acquired between 2012 and 2016 showed increased utilization of diagnostic testing and cataract surgery in the year following private equity acquisition compared with the year prior to private equity acquisition.
Novel insights in intestinal and hepatic fructose metabolism: from mice to men
Authors: Koene Evi , Schrauwen-Hinderling Vera B. , Schrauwen Patrick , Brouwers Martijn C.G.J. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose of review
The rise in fructose consumption in parallel with the current epidemic of obesity and related cardiometabolic disease requires a better understanding of the pathophysiological pathways that are involved.

Recent findings
Animal studies have shown that fructose has various effects on the intestines that subsequently affect intrahepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation. Fructose adversely affects the gut microbiome – as a producer of endotoxins and intermediates of de novo lipogenesis – and intestinal barrier function. Furthermore, intestinal fructose metabolism shields fructose away from the liver. Finally, fructose 1-phosphate (F1-P) serves as a signal molecule that promotes intestinal cell survival and, consequently, intestinal absorption capacity. Intervention and epidemiological studies have convincingly shown that fructose, particularly derived from sugar-sweetened beverages, stimulates de novo lipogenesis and intrahepatic lipid accumulation in humans. Of interest, individuals with aldolase B deficiency, who accumulate F1-P, are characterized by a greater intrahepatic lipid content. First phase II clinical trials have recently shown that reduction of F1-P, by inhibition of ketohexokinase, reduces intrahepatic lipid content.

Summary
Experimental evidence supports current measures to reduce fructose intake, for example by the implementation of a tax on sugar-sweetened beverages, and pharmacological inhibition of fructose metabolism to reduce the global burden of cardiometabolic disease.