bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac implantable electronic device dysfunctions in patients undergoing radiotherapy: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Frey Pierre , Irles Didier , Dompnier Antoine , Akret Chrystelle , Hosu Iolanda C. , Narayanan Kumar , Mazoyer Fréderic , Yayehd Komlavi , Guillon Benoît , Marijon Eloi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing numbers of patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) are undergoing radiotherapy (RT) for cancer. The aim of the study was to prospectively evaluate the incidence, characteristics, and associated factors of CIED dysfunctions related to RT.MethodsBetween April 2013 and March 2020, all patients with a CIED who underwent ≥1 RT session were enrolled. Patients were monitored according to a systematic protocol, including device interrogation before the first and after each RT session. The primary endpoint was CIED dysfunction, defined as oversensing, total or partial deprogramming, and/or unrecoverable reset.ResultsWe included a total of 92 CIED RT courses: 77 (83.7%) in patients with a pacemaker and 15 (16.3%) in those with an implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator. Overall, 13 dysfunctions (14.1%) were observed during 92 courses (1509 sessions), giving an incidence of 0.9 per 100 sessions. These included nine deprogramming (three total resets to back‐up pacing mode and six partial deprogramming that were all successfully reprogrammed), three transient oversensing, and one unrecoverable oversensing requiring CIED and leads replacement. There were no adverse clinical events related to device dysfunction. In multivariable analysis, neutron‐producing irradiation (odds ratio [OR], 5.59; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09–28.65; p = .039) and cumulative tumor dose (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01–1.10; p = .007) remained significantly associated with CIED dysfunction.ConclusionIn this prospective study, transient or permanent subclinical CIED dysfunction occurred in 14.1% of RT courses. Our findings emphasize the importance of high‐energy beams and neutron‐producing irradiation in risk assessment.
Cytochrome P450 26A1 regulates the clusters and killing activity of NK cells during the peri‐implantation period
Authors: Li Dan‐Dan , Ji Wen‐Heng , Wei Dan‐Ping , Gu Ai‐Qin , Song Zhi‐Hui , Fang Wen‐Ning , Meng Chao‐Yang , Yang Ying , Peng Jing‐Pian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCytochrome P450 26A1 (CYP26A1) plays a vital role in early pregnancy in mice. Our previous studies have found that CYP26A1 affects embryo implantation by modulating natural killer (NK) cells, and that there is a novel population of CYP26A1+ NK cells in the uteri of pregnant mice. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of CYP26A1 on the subsets and killing activity of NK cells. Through single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq), we identified four NK cell subsets in the uterus, namely, conventional NK (cNK), tissue‐resident NK (trNK) 1 and 2, and proliferating trNK (trNKp). The two most variable subpopulations after uterine knockdown of CYP26A1 were trNKp and trNK2 cells. CYP26A1 knockdown significantly downregulated the expression of the NK cell function‐related genes Cd44, Cd160, Vegfc, and Slamf6 in trNK2 cells, and Klra17 and Ogn in trNKp cells. Both RNA‐seq and cytotoxicity assays confirmed that CYP26A1+ NK cells had low cytotoxicity. These results indicate that CYP26A1 may affect the immune microenvironment at the maternal‐foetal interface by regulating the activity of NK cells.
Differentiating active from stable vitiligo: The role of dermoscopic findings and their relation to CXCL10
Authors: Ibrahim Sarah , Hegazy Rehab A. , Gawdat Heba I. , Esmat Samia , Mahmoud Esraa , Rashed Laila , Hegazy Amira Aly , Saadi Dina G. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundDistinguishing vitiligo activity/stability status is pivotal in the management of patients with vitiligo. CXCL10 is a chemokine released in the tissues and sera of patients with vitiligo and an indicator of disease activity.AimThis study aimed to assess the role of dermoscopy in detecting active and stable vitiligo by comparing the dermoscopic signs in vitiligo with Vitiligo Disease Activity Score (VIDA), clinical activity, and CXCL10 activity.MethodsNinety‐seven patients with vitiligo were enrolled in this cross‐sectional study. Vitiligo activity/stability was assessed using VIDA scores, clinical examination, dermoscopy, and serum CXCL10 levels measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay technique. Dermoscopic scores were calculated using BPLeFoSK score.ResultsThe dermoscopic score was concordant with the VIDA score in 83.5% of patients (n = 81), clinical assessment in 97.9% (n = 95), and serum CXCL10 level in 70.1% (n = 68). Dermoscopic signs of ill‐defined border, satellite lesions, and micro‐Koebner and starburst appearance were more common in active vitiligo, while a well‐defined border was more common in stable lesions.ConclusionDermoscopic examination is a practical, reliable, noninvasive, semi‐objective tool in the assessment of vitiligo activity/stability that helps reach an informed decision on the disease status to choose the appropriate therapeutic modality.
Prospective study of dilated cardiomyopathy in dogs eating nontraditional or traditional diets and in dogs with subclinical cardiac abnormalities
Authors: Freeman Lisa , Rush John , Adin Darcy , Weeks Kelsey , Antoon Kristen , Brethel Sara , Cunningham Suzanne , Santos Luis Dos , Girens Renee , Goldberg Robert , Karlin Emily , Lessard Darleen , Lopez Katherine , Rouben Camden , Vereb Michelle , Yang Vicky 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies have investigated dogs with presumed diet‐associated dilated cardiomyopathy (daDCM), but prospective studies of multiple breeds are needed.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo evaluate baseline features and serial changes in echocardiography and cardiac biomarkers in dogs with DCM eating nontraditional diets (NTDs) or traditional diets (TDs), and in dogs with subclinical cardiac abnormalities (SCA) eating NTD.AnimalsSixty dogs with DCM (NTD, n = 51; TDs, n = 9) and 16 dogs with SCA eating NTDs.MethodsEchocardiography, electrocardiography, and measurement of taurine, cardiac troponin I, and N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide were performed in dogs with DCM or SCA. Diets were changed for all dogs, taurine was supplemented in most, and echocardiography and cardiac biomarkers were reassessed (3, 6, and 9 months).ResultsAt enrollment, there were few differences between dogs with DCM eating NTDs or TDs; none had low plasma or whole blood taurine concentrations. Improvement in fractional shortening over time was significantly associated with previous consumption of a NTD, even after adjustment for other variables (P = .005). Median survival time for dogs with DCM was 611 days (range, 2‐940 days) for the NTD group and 161 days (range, 12‐669 days) for the TD group (P = .21). Sudden death was the most common cause of death in both diet groups. Dogs with SCA also had significant echocardiographic improvements over time.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceDogs with DCM or SCA previously eating NTDs had small, yet significant improvements in echocardiographic parameters after diet changes.
Fostering regulator–innovator collaboration at the frontline: A case study of theUK's regulatory sandbox for fintech
Authors: Fahy Lauren A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWhen supervising emerging technologies, regulators are more effective when they collaborate with business. Yet, innovative businesses are often small, inexperienced, and mistrustful. How can regulators motivate them to collaborate? This study examines this question by applying responsive regulation theory to a case study of the United Kingdom's regulatory sandbox for financial technology. This study illustrates how frontline regulatory interactions foster regulator–innovator collaboration, in ways that differ from how these interactions foster collaboration between regulators and the mature industries upon whose study responsive regulation is based. As one of the first academic studies to collect data from sandbox participants, this article offers unique insights into “what works” about the United Kingdom's much‐imitated model.
A glimpse at an early stage of microbe domestication revealed in the variable genome of Torulaspora delbrueckii, an emergent industrial yeast
Authors: Silva Margarida , Pontes Ana , Franco‐Duarte Ricardo , Soares Pedro , Sampaio José Paulo , Sousa Maria João , Brito Patrícia H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMicrobe domestication has a major applied relevance but is still poorly understood from an evolutionary perspective. The yeast Torulaspora delbrueckii is gaining importance for biotechnology but little is known about its population structure, variation in gene content or possible domestication routes. Here, we show that T. delbrueckii is composed of five major clades. Among the three European clades, a lineage associated with the wild arboreal niche is sister to the two other lineages that are linked to anthropic environments, one to wine fermentations and the other to diverse sources including dairy products and bread dough (Mix‐Anthropic clade). Using 64 genomes we assembled the pangenome and the variable genome of T. delbrueckii. A comparison with Saccharomyces cerevisiae indicated that the weight of the variable genome in the pangenome of T. delbrueckii is considerably smaller. An association of gene content and ecology supported the hypothesis that the Mix‐Anthropic clade has the most specialized genome and indicated that some of the exclusive genes were implicated in galactose and maltose utilization. More detailed analyses traced the acquisition of a cluster of GAL genes in strains associated with dairy products and the expansion and functional diversification of MAL genes in strains isolated from bread dough. In contrast to S. cerevisiae, domestication in T. delbrueckii is not primarily driven by alcoholic fermentation but rather by adaptation to dairy and bread‐production niches. This study expands our views on the processes of microbe domestication and on the trajectories leading to adaptation to anthropic niches.
Acceptance of e‐health technology among older people: A qualitative study
Authors: Rochmawati Erna , Kamilah Farhah , Iskandar Ayuk Cucuk 
Published: March 2022

AbstractE‐health technology has been widely implemented in healthcare systems and has many benefits. However, available studies that focus on the acceptance and adoption of e‐health technology, particularly among older people in primary care centers, are still limited. A qualitative approach was adopted in this study to explore the acceptability and adoption of health technology among older people who use primary health care. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 11 older people to gain in‐depth insight into their perspectives on health technology. An inductive thematic analysis was conducted to gain insight from older people. Three main themes emerged: (1) “demand of care” refers a situation where participants realized that they had a health problem, sought ways to solve the health problem, and expected to be cared and monitored; (2) “resistance and openness” represent technology acceptance by older people; and (3) “preference for home health monitoring”: We found older people preferred home health monitoring in terms of comfort and ease of use. The study has provided important new knowledge in relation to acceptance and preference for health technology that currently exists, particularly among older people in Indonesia.
Investigation of salivary biomarkers as indicators of skeletal and dental maturity in children
Authors: Tsagkari Eirini , Deda Olga , Krokos Adamantios , Gika Helen , Papadopoulos Moschos A. , Chatzigianni Athina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveEstimation of patient's skeletal maturity in orthodontics is essential for the diagnosis and treatment planning. The aim of the study was to investigate the potential use of metabolic fingerprint of saliva for bone growth and tooth development estimation.Materials and MethodsSaliva samples from 54 young patients were analysed by an untargeted gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry metabolomics‐based method. The skeletal maturity was calculated with the cervical vertebrae maturation method, and the dental age was estimated with the Demirjian method. Multivariate analysis and univariate analysis were performed to investigate differences within skeletal, dental and chronological age groups.ResultsMetabolomic analysis identified 61 endogenous compounds. Mannose, glucose, glycerol, glyceric acid and pyroglutamic acid levels differentiated significantly with skeletal age (P = .02 to .043), while mannose, lactic acid, glycolic acid, proline, norleucine, 3‐aminoisobutyric acid, threonine, cadaverine and hydrocinnamic acid levels differed within the dental age groups (P = .018 to .04); according to the chronological age, only the levels of mannose and 3‐hydroxyphenylacetic acid showed variation (P = .029 and .048). The principal component analysis did not manage to highlight differences between the groups of the studied parameters.ConclusionDifferentiated levels of mannose, glucose, glycerol, glyceric acid and pyroglutamic acid related to skeletal maturation were identified. According to dental development, the levels of mannose, lactic acid, glycolic acid, proline, norleucine, 3‐aminoisobutyric acid, threonine, cadaverine and hydrocinnamic acid differed within the groups, while regarding chronological age, only the levels of mannose and 3‐hydroxyphenylacetic acid showed variations. Further studies are required to prove their relation to skeletal and dental development pathway by applying complementary analytical techniques to wider cover the metabolome.
A Case of Rice Body Synovitis of the Knee Joint
Authors: Haibo Zhao , Tianrui Wang , Wenlian Song , Shenjie Sun , Chunpu Li , Xia Zhao , Tengbo Yu , Yingze Zhang 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundRice body synovitis (RBS) is a rare disease. It is prone to be developed due to rheumatoid disorder or tuberculosis infection. Additional infectious arthritis (non‐tuberculous mycobacterial infection and fungal infection), juvenile arthritis, the onset of adult Still's disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), seronegative arthritis, and non‐specific arthritis. The clinical imaging, histopathological features, and surgical treatment process of a patient were documented combined with literature. Furthermore, differentiation was performed with additional synovitis diseases so that the cognition of synovitis could be enhanced for clinical reference.Case PresentationThe present study reported a 50‐year‐old female patient who suffered from intermittent left knee pain with limited movement for 9  years. The conditions were aggravated after long‐term standing or walking and remitted after taking a rest, accompanied by noose and jamming. The specialist range of motion (ROM) examinations of the left knee revealed: 30° ‐ 0° ‐ 110° and left McMurray sign (+). Plain MRI scanning revealed that in the left knee cavity and the popliteal fossa area, a large number of low signals on free rice‐like bodies were visible inside and the lower femur and the upper tibia exhibited abnormally high signals of patchy lipography. Surgical exploration revealed numerous rice‐like free bodies in the suprapatellar bursa, the intercondylar fossa, and the posterior articular capsule. The patient presently has resolution of symptoms after surgical treatment.ConclusionsThe RBS of the knee joint is very rare in the clinic. As MRI examination can provide valuable information, clinicians should actively perform MRI examination. Once the disease is diagnosed by examination, surgery is the optimal treatment.
Quantifying and manipulating the angles of light in experimental measurements of plant gas exchange
Authors: Berry Z. Carter , Larue Jerry , Goldsmith Gregory R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDiffuse light has been shown to alter plant leaf photosynthesis, transpiration and water‐use efficiency. Despite this, the angular distribution of light for the artificial light sources used with common gas exchange systems is unknown. Here, we quantify the angular distribution of light from common gas exchange systems and demonstrate the use of an integrating sphere for manipulating those light distributions. Among three different systems, light from a 90° angle perpendicular to the leaf surface (±5.75°) was <25% of the total light reaching the leaf surface. The integrating sphere resulted in a greater range of possible distributions from predominantly direct light (i.e., >40% of light from a 90 ± 5.75° angle perpendicular to the leaf surface) to almost entirely diffuse (i.e., light from an even distribution drawn from a nearly 0° horizontal angle to a perpendicular 90° angle). The integrating sphere can thus create light environments that more closely mimic the variation in sunlight under both clear and cloudy conditions. In turn, different proportions of diffuse light increased, decreased or did not change photosynthetic rates depending on the plant species observed. This new tool should allow the scientific community to explore new and creative questions about plant function within the context of global climate change.
The delicate relation between melanocytes and skin immunity: A game of hide and seek
Authors: Speeckaert Reinhart , Belpaire Arno , Speeckaert Marijn , van Geel Nanja 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMelanocytes exhibit a complex and intriguing relationship with the skin immune response, leading to several clinical conditions. In some disorders, inappropriate melanocyte destruction (e.g., vitiligo, halo naevi) is problematic, while in others, immune tolerance should be broken (melanoma). Important parts of the dysregulated pathways have been unraveled in pigment disorders, ranging from upregulated interferon (IFN)‐γ signaling to memory T cells, regulatory T cells, and immune checkpoints. Although a network of many factors is involved, targeting key players such as IFN‐γ or checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1)] can shift the balance and lead to impressive outcomes. In this review, we focus on the immunological mechanisms of the most common inflammatory disorders where the interaction of the immune system with melanocytes plays a crucial role. This can provide new insights into the current state of melanocyte research.
Age and sex differences on the association between anxiety disorders and obstructive sleep apnea: A nationwide case‐control study in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Tien‐Yu , Kuo Terry B.J. , Chung Chi‐Hsiang , Tzeng Nian‐Sheng , Lai Hsiao‐Ching , Chien Wu‐Chien , Yang Cheryl C.H. 
Published: March 2022

AimThe aim of this study was to examine the association between anxiety disorders and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).MethodsThis is a population‐based, retrospective case‐control study using Taiwan's nationwide database. We included patients with OSA aged ≥12 years, diagnosed according to the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD‐9‐CM) codes: 327 and 780. Each enrolled patient with OSA needed to undergo a polysomnography examination within 1 year pre‐ or post‐OSA occurrence. Patients with OSA and controls were selected in a 1:4 ratio. Patients with anxiety disorders (ICD‐9‐CM code 300) were diagnosed by board‐certified psychiatrists and required to visit the outpatient clinic at least three times per year. Multivariate logistic regression and interaction analyses were used to evaluate the objective association.ResultsThis study enrolled 7987 and 31 948 participants with and without OSA, respectively. A significant difference in anxiety exposure was observed only pre‐OSA diagnosis but not post‐OSA diagnosis. Compared with patients without anxiety disorders: (i) those with anxiety disorders had an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of ≈1.864 in OSA comorbidity (aOR = 1.864; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.337–2.405); and (ii) subgroup analysis showed a significant interaction that anxiety patients of male sex, aged 18 to 44 years, aged 45 to 64 years, and hypertension had a higher aOR in OSA comorbidity (aOR = 2.104 [95% CI = 1.436–2.589], aOR = 1.942 [95% CI = 1.390–2.503], aOR = 2.179 [95% CI = 1.564–2.811], and aOR = 2.092 [95% CI = 1.497–2.706], respectively).ConclusionThe study revealed a higher ratio of previous anxiety exposure in patients with OSA. Compared with those without anxiety, anxiety patients of male sex, aged 18 to 64 years, and with hypertension had a higher risk of OSA comorbidity.
Bioinformatics for plant and agricultural discoveries in the age of multiomics: A review and case study of maize nodal root growth under water deficit
Authors: Wang Juexin , Sidharth Sen , Zeng Shuai , Jiang Yuexu , Chan Yen On , Lyu Zhen , McCubbin Tyler , Mertz Rachel , Sharp Robert E. , Joshi Trupti 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAdvances in next‐generation sequencing and other high‐throughput technologies have facilitated multiomics research, such as genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and phenomics. The resultant emerging multiomics data have brought new challenges as well as opportunities, as seen in the plant and agriculture science domains. We reviewed several bioinformatic and computational methods, models, and platforms, and we have highlighted some of our in‐house developed efforts aimed at multiomics data analysis, integration, and management issues faced by the research community. A case study using multiomics datasets generated from our studies of maize nodal root growth under water deficit stress demonstrates the power of these datasets and some other publicly available tools. This analysis also sheds light on the landscape of such applied bioinformatic tools currently available for plant and crop science studies and introduces emerging trends and how they may affect the future.
Machine learning for expert‐level image‐based identification of very similar species in the hyperdiverse plant bug family Miridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera)
Authors: Popkov Alexander , Konstantinov Fedor , Neimorovets Vladimir , Solodovnikov Alexey 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDeep learning algorithms and particularly convolutional neural networks are very successful in pattern recognition from images and are increasingly employed in biology. The development of automated systems for rapid and reliable species identification is vital for insect systematics and may revolutionize this field soon. In this study, we demonstrate the ability of a convolutional neural network to identify species based on habitus photographs with expert‐level accuracy in a taxonomically challenging group where a human‐based identification would require notorious genitalia dissections. Using the economically important and polymorphic plant bug genus Adelphocoris Reuter (Heteroptera: Miridae) as a model group, we explore the variability in the performance of 11 convolutional neural models most commonly used for image classification, test the role of class‐imbalance on the model performance assessment and visualize areas of interest using three interpretation algorithms. Classification performance in our experiments with collection‐based habitus photographs is high enough to identify very similar species from a large group with an expert‐level accuracy. The accuracy is getting lower only in the experiments with an additional dataset of Adelphocoris and other live plant bugs photographs taken from the Web. Our article demonstrates the importance of comprehensive institutional insect collections for bringing deep learning algorithms into service for systematic entomology using affordable equipment and methods.