bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examples of the Application of Jurisprudence of Precaution in the Holy Quran
Authors: Saeed Sabah Star , Abdel Rahman Abdel Salam Fateh 
Published: July 2022

هذه الدراسة بعنوان : نماذج مختارة من تطبيقات فقه الاحتياط في القرآن الكريم ، تبحث عن مدى تأثير القاعدة المذكورة في الأحكام الفقهية المستنبطة في القرآن الكريم في باب العبادات والمعاملات والأحوال الشخصية .
وعليه بنيتُ الدراسة على ثلاثة مباحث ، حيث تناولتُ في المبحث الأول التعريف بمصطلحات الموضوع ، وخصصتُ المبحث الثاني لبيان نمازج من تطبيقات فقه الاحتياط في القرآن الكريم في باب العبادات ، وأما المبحث الثالث فجعلته لبعض التطبيقات لقاعدة الاحتياط في القرآن الكريم في بابي المعاملات والأحوال الشخصية .
توصلت الدراسة إلى نتائج أهمها أنّ قاعدة الاحتياط أصل تضافرت الأدلة الشرعية على اعتبارها والأخذ بها ، ولا يكاد باب من أبواب الفقه يخلو منها ، لذلك فهي مسلك كثير من العلماء في كثير من الأحكام ، كما أوصت الدراسة بضرورة اهتمام المفتين بقاعدة الاحتياط في زمن كثرفيه الفتن والتهاون في الدين .

پوختە
ئەم توێژینەوەیە بەناونیشانی: (چەند نموونەیەکی هەڵبژێردراو لەسەر جێبەجێکی فیقهی ئیحتیات لەقورئانی پێرۆزدا) ، دەکۆڵێتەوە لەڕێژەی کاریگەری یاسای ئيحتيات بەسەر ئەحکامە فیقهیەکانەوە ئەوانەی کەهەڵهێنجراون لەقورئانی پیرۆز لەبەشی عیبادەت ومامەڵە وباری کەسیەتیدا .
لەسەر ئەم بنەمایە ئەم توێژینەوەم دابەش کردووە بەسەر سێ بەشدا ، بەشێوەیەك لەبەشی یەکەم دا پێناسەی دەستەواژەکانی ناونیشانی بابەتەکەم کردووە ، وبەشی دووەمم تایبەت کردووە بەڕوونکردنەوەی هەندێ بابەتی فیقهی بەرمەبنای یاسای ناوبراو لەقورئانی پیرۆزدا لەبەشی عیبادەتدا ، وهەرچی بەشی سێیەمیشە دامناوە بۆ هەندێ بابەتی فیقهی تر کە هەڵهێنجراون لەیاسای ئيحتيات لەقورئانی پیرۆزدا لەبەشی ومامەڵە وباری کەسیەتیدا.
توێژینەوەکە گەیشتووە بەچەند دەرەنجامێك گرنگترینیان ئەوەیە یاسای ئيحتيات بنەمایەکە چەندان بەڵگەی شەرعی دەبنە گەواهی دەر لەسەر کارپێکردنی ، بەئەندازەیەك کەم بابەتی فیقهی هەیە تیایدا کار بەم یاسایە نەکرێت ، هەر بۆیە زۆر لەزانایان کاریان پێ کردووە لەزۆر لەئەحکامەکاندا ، هەروەك ئەم توێژینەوە بەپێویستی دازانێت کەسانی موفتی گرنگی بە یاسای ئيحتيات بدەن لەسەردەمێکدا کەفیتنەو شل ڕەوی لەدیندا زۆر بووە .
The history of the stages of painting art in the Kurdistan region of Iraq during the twentieth century
Authors: Amen Kosar Rashed , Ghahi Hassan Bulkhari , Fadavi Sayed Mohammad 
Published: July 2022

في هذه الورقة، قمنا بدراسة تاريخ المراحل الفن الرسم في اقلیم كردستان العراق في القرن العشرين، لنتبیّن منذ متی وعبر أي مراحل وبأي طرق دخل فن الرسم إقليمَ كردستان؟ في النهاية استنتج أن هذا الفن في المناخ مر بمرحلتين نتائج البحث إلی أن هذا الفن في الإقلیم تخطّی مرحلتین: ففي النصف الأول من القرن العشرين (1900 فصاعدا)، كان فنّ الرسم في الغالب فنّاً شعبیّاً غير أكاديمي. وبعد النصف الثاني من القرن العشرين (1950 فصاعدا)، بالإضافة إلى وجود الفن الشعبي دخلت الإقلیمَ أساليبُ الرسم الحدیث والأکادیمي من طرق ثلاثة وهي: أولا، من قِبل الفنانين الذين ذهبوا إلى أمریکا والدول الأوروبية وتعرّفوا علی مختلف الأسالیب لفن الرسم الحديث، ثمّ رجعوا إلی الإقلیم. وثانیاً من طریق الفنانين الذين درسوا فن الرسم بجامعة بغداد، وأخیراً عبرَ الرسوم التقليدية والمنسوجات الیدویة کالسجاجید والبُسط و...إلخ. واتبعنا فی هذه الدراسة، الوصفي التحلیلي التأریخي وقمنا بجمع المعلومات من الکتب والأبحاث وعن طریق الملاحظة والتجربة أیضا.

چکیده
در نوشتار حاضر تاریخچه مراحل هنر نقاشی اقلیم کُردستان عراق در قرن بیستم به‌عنوان پیکره مطالعاتی بررسی شده‌است و پژوهشگر تلاش می‌کند به این پرسش پاسخ دهد که هنر نقاشی مدرن از چه تاریخی و طی چه مراحلی و از چه راه‌هایی وارد اقلیم کردستان شده‌است؟ در پایان این نتیجه حاصل شد که این هنر در اقلیم دو مرحله را پشت سر گذاشته‌است: ابتدا در نیمه اول قرن بیستم (1900)، هنر نقاشی بیشتر یک هنر غیرآکادمیک و مردمی بوده. بعد از نیمه دوم قرن بیستم (1950 به بعد)، علاوه بر وجود هنر مردمی، سبک‌های هنر نقاشی مدرن و آکادمیک، غالبا از سه راه وارد عرصه هنر این اقلیم شده‌است. ابتدا از راه هنرمندانی که به کشور های اروپایی و امریکا رفته اند و با سبک های مختلف هنر نقاشی مدرن آشنا شده اند. راه دیگر از جانب آن هنرمندان که در رشته هنر نقاشی در دانشگاه بغداد مشغول به تحصیل بوده اند، راه سوم از نقش و نگار های سنتی و دست بافته های مثل قالی و گلم و فرش، و . . . روش تحقیق، از منظر هدف، بنیادی-نظری و از منظر شیوۀ، توصیفی تحلیلی، با رویکرد تاریخی است. شیوه جمع‌آوری اطلاعات نیز به‌صورت کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی است.
A STUDY ON THE STUDENT’S LEARNING STRATEGIES IN READING COMPREHENSION AT ELEVENTH GRADE OF IPS OF SMA TRI TUNGGAL PULAU BURUNG
Authors: Wulandari Desmita , Yeni Melda , Amri Samsul 
Published: July 2022

The primary purpose of this study was to determine students' learning strategies in reading comprehension. This research was conducted at the eleventh grade of IPS of SMA Tri Tunggal Pulau Burung. This type of research is descriptive and uses total sampling techniques in determining research samples. This study's population was 53 students, and researchers took 30 students from them to be sampled in this study. Data collecting techniques use questionnaires from the questionnaire to find out the strategy in reading it. Then, this research shows that the value of students strategies in reading is mean values with result of cognitive strategies 37.93 % at Low category, metacognitive strategies 33.5 % at Low category, socio-affective strategies 33.2 % at Low category. From this study, it can be concluded that the students learning strategies in reading comprehension at the eleventh grade of IPS of Tri Tunggal Pulau Burung are in a low category. Findings showed that the students use cognitive strategies in reading comprehension at the eleventh grade of IPS of SMA Tri Tunggal Pulau burung.
THE FACTORS OF STUDENTS’ SILENCE IN THE ENGLISH SPEAKING CLASSROOM PERFORMANCE AT ELEVENTH GRADE OF SMKN 1 TEMBILAHAN
Authors: Pratama Anjas , Erma Purwanti Sri , Yeni Melda 
Published: July 2022

The phenomenon of silent students often occurs in the learning process of English, especially in English speaking classes, where students do not respond to the teacher when the learning process is running, so this interferes with the smooth learning process. This study aims to determine the factors that cause students to be silent when learning in English speaking class and determine the dominant factor in the eleventh grade of SMKN 1 Tembilahan. This research is a quantitative descriptive study. This research instrument uses a questionnaire that contains 20 statements. Moreover, the total population is 459 students, and the total samples taken 25% of the total population, as many as 116 students. The sampling technique in this study was random sampling. The sample used in this study was the 11th-grade students of all departments in the SMKN 1 Tembilahan school. Based on calculating students' responses to 20 questionnaire statements, it was found that ten factors caused students to be silent when learning English. They are inadequate vocabulary, the inability to manage vocabulary, lack of understanding of English grammar, unconfident in their abilities, afraid of making mistakes, lack of pronunciation, feeling nervous while speaking, getting difficulty in understanding English material, afraid of being criticized, and feeling embarrassed to speak in front of the class. While the dominant factor comes from the indicator (students' proficiency), which has 4 points, the first point is that grammar understanding is still lacking, then the second point is a lack of self-confidence, and for the third and fourth points, they have the same point which is about vocabulary. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the ten statements above are the factors that cause students to stay silent in learning English and the dominant. They come from the indicators (students' proficiency) in the eleventh grade of SMKN 1 Tembilahan, as the researcher explained above.
THE STUDENTS’ READING INTEREST IN MEDIA “LINE WEBTOON” AT ELEVENTH-GRADE OF SMA NEGERI 2 TEMBILAHAN
Authors: Ningsih Wita Rela , Mustajib Agus , Maizarah  
Published: July 2022

This study analyzed the students’ reading interest in media LINE Webtoon. It purposes to know the students' interest in reading toward media LINE Webtoon and some factors influencing their reading interest. The research design is descriptive research that combined qualitative and quantitative approaches. It was conducted at SMA Negeri 2 Tembilahan. The researchers used the purposive sampling technique in choosing the research samples. They distributed a questionnaire to fifty eleventh-grade students. The questionnaires were distributed to know their reading interest in media LINE Webtoon to answer the first research question. In addition, to answer the second research question, the writer used an open-ended questionnaire to know the factors influencing their interest. After collecting the data, the results were transcribed. The results of this research showed that they had a high interest in reading about media LINE Webtoon. The result of the questionnaire also supported it. The percentage was 77,84%. Furthermore, the students explained that some factors that influenced their reading interest in media LINE Webtoon were: 1) lots of good and exciting stories, 2) the students liked the picture of the story of the LINE Webtoon, 3) add students English vocabulary, 4) more motivate students to learn English, 5) helps students to understand the culture and habits of American people, 6) students can learn some slang, 7) students can learn some synonyms of a word, and 8) suggested by their friend. Based on the research results, the researchers concluded that the media LINE Webtoon has a substantial positive impact on the students.
AN ANALYSIS OF READING COMPREHENSION OF FUNCTIONAL TEXT AT EIGHTH GRADE SMP KASIH LESTARI TEMBILAHAN
Authors: Budianto  , Maizarah  , Ardian Edi 
Published: July 2022

This research was conducted based on the problems found during the teaching and learning process in class VIII of SMP Kasih Lestari Tembilahan, specifically about students' understanding of the functional text. The problem found is that 50% of the students cannot understand the text they are reading, they cannot reach the KKM score, and Functional text is one of the texts in which students must be able to read and comprehend. This research is included in quantitative descriptive research. The population of this research is class VIII SMP Kasih Lestari Academic Year 2020/2021. The population and sample of this study were 23 people who were taken using the total sampling technique. The instrument used was an objective test. Data from students' objective tests are analyzed based on indicators and then interpreted and become research findings. Based on the results of the study showed that students of class VIII SMP Kasih Lestari: 1. The ability of reading comprehension in Main Idea Aspect showed at the poor level of 10 people out of 23 students (30,4%). 2. The reading comprehension ability in Reference Aspect showed at enough level of 10 people out of 23 students (43,4%). 3. The reading comprehension ability in Inference Aspect showed at the excellent level of 15 people out of 23 students (65,2%). 4. The ability of reading comprehension in Unfamiliar Word Aspect showed at the poor level of 15 people out of 23 students (34,7%). 5. The ability of reading comprehension in Factual Information Aspect showed at enough level of 5 people out of 23 students (43,4%). From the above research results, it can be concluded that students still experience many difficulties in reading comprehension, especially in functional texts by applicable rules. Furthermore, based on the results of this study, teachers are expected to be able to provide better teaching techniques, and students can do more exercises to improve students' reading comprehension abilities.
A STUDY ON STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN UNDERSTANDING CONDITIONAL SENTENCES AT SECOND GRADE OF SMK N 1 TEMBILAHAN ACCOUNTING 3 MAJORING
Authors: Barliana Siti , Ardian Edi , Syafrizal  
Published: July 2022

This study is concerned with the students’ ability in understanding Conditional Sentences. It was done for the second-grade students of SMK N 1 Tembilahan. Then this research used a descriptive research that supported by quantitative approach. The research populations were taken from all the students of the second-grade of SMK N 1 Tembilahan in academic year 2020/2021. The total of populations were 108 students, which consist of three classes. The researchers selected a class as the sample is XI Accounting 3 (36 students). The instrument used to collect the data is test. It consisted of fifty multiple choices questions. Based on the analysis, the students’ ability scores in understanding conditional sentences is 84.38 in the type 1, 96.92 in the type 2, and 97.35 in the type 3. Their mean scores in understanding conditional sentences is 98.12. The research result is the students’ ability in understanding conditional sentences is in ranging very good level. It means that they have understood conditional sentences.
AN ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING STYLE IN LEARNING ENGLISH AT EIGHTH GRADE OF SMP N 1 TEMBILAHAN HULU
Authors: Sapira Sipa , Yeni Melda , Tria Sauhana Felci 
Published: July 2022

This study was a descriptive study that aimed to determine students' learning styles in learning English. The population of this study was the eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Tembilahan Hulu using random sampling technique. The data collection method used is a questionnaire. The results of this study of learning style tendencies indicated that the learning style with the number of respondents was 30 students with average score of 93.38 into the enough category. In addition, it was found that learning outcomes with visual learning styles were included in the “Enough category” with an average score of 95.13, auditory learning styles were in the “Good category” with average score of 104, and kinesthetic learning styles were included in the “Enough category” with average score of 81. Thus the learning style applied in the eighth grade was more likely to be an auditory learning style with the number of respondents being 30 students and obtaining learning outcomes in a good category with an average value of 104. From these results, it can be concluded that the eight SMP N 1 Tembilahan Hulu pay less attention to their learning style. This could be one of the reasons why some of the scores of their kinesthetic learning style showed less and bad categories. Besides that, it could be a reminder for teachers to be able to prepare strategies in growing student learning styles that could help to improve students in learning English.
This study was a descriptive study that aimed to determine students' learning styles in learning English. The population of this study was the eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Tembilahan Hulu using random sampling technique. The data collection method used is a questionnaire. The results of this study of learning style tendencies indicated that the learning style with the number of respondents was 30 students with average score of 93.38 into the enough category. In addition, it was found that learning outcomes with visual learning styles were included in the “Enough category” with average score of 95.13, auditory learning styles were in the “Good category” with average score of 104, and kinesthetic learning styles were included in the “Enough category” with average score of 81. Thus the learning style applied in the eighth grade was more likely to be an auditory learning style with the number of respondents being 30 students and obtaining learning outcomes in a good category with an average value of 104. From these results, it can be concluded that the eight SMP N 1 Tembilahan Hulu pay less attention to their learning style. This could be one of the reasons why some of the scores of their kinesthetic learning style showed less and bad categories. Besides that, it could be a reminder for teachers to be able to prepare strategies in growing student learning styles that could help to improve students in learning English.
ABAH LUKMANUL HAKIM TOKOH ISLAM KONTROVERSIAL DI KALANGAN UMAT ISLAM INDRAGIRI HILIR RIAU PADA TAHUN 1970-AN
Authors: Muthalib A. 
Published: July 2022

Abah Lukmanul Hakim (Abah) ketika mudanya pernah mengenyam pendidikan di Mekkah, sekembalinya ke tanah air Abah mengajar agama kepada masyarakat di sekitarnya, disamping mengajar, dia juga bertani kelapa. Ketika semua jenis pertanian masayarakat di tempat tinggal Abah (Seberang Pasar Enok Inhil) sering dimangsa oleh gerombolan (babi-babi hutan), sehingga hasil pertanian mereka otomatis menurun. Abah melihat kondisi yang sangat merugikan tersebut, dia berinisiatif memelihara anjing dengan tujuan, agar semua jenis tanam-tanaman di kebun mereka bisa “aman.” Namun langkah Abah itu sepontan mendapat respon dari masyarakat, dengan kata-kata yang “tidak layak” terhadap Abah, tetapi di antara mereka itu tidak ada yang berani berhadapan langsung dengan Abah, mereka beranggapan bahwa Abah Lukman “salah dalam mengambil langkah,” kenapa memelihara anjing ? sementara dia sendiri nota-bene alumni Mekkah ?!
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari jawaban dari apa yang dipersoalkan di tengah masyarakat Inhil tersebut di atas. Dalam penelitian ini menemukan jawaban bahwa seorang muslim ternyata boleh hukumnya memelihara anjing, selama ada hajat tertentu. Misalnya, pelihara anjing untuk kepentingan berburu, menjaga hewan ternak, dan menjaga tanam-tanaman (kebun). Berdasarkan temuan ini, umat Islam tidak dilarang memelihara anjing.Justru hukum Islam itu flexibel, ketika kondisi normal (tanpa ada alasan tertentu) memelihara anjing hukumnya haram, akan tetapi ketika kondisi tidak normal, maka hukum pelihara anjing boleh. Jadi apa yang dilakukan Abah tersebut secara tidak langsung dia ingin memberikan pencerahan kepada masyarakat dengan cara halus, bahwa dalam menyikapi setiap fenomena itu jangan selalu berfikir dalam kondisi normal, tetapi kita juga harus melihat kondisi tidak normal, bagaimana hukum Islam itu memberikan alternatif. Sebagaimana diketahui masyarakat kita banyak yang bekerja di sektor perkebunan. Oleh karena itu, kita wajib mengetahui persoalan ini, jika tidak ? “su uzzhan” (buruk sangka) masyarakat Inhil terhadap Abah Lukman tempo dulu bukan tidak mungkin akan kembali terjadi masa mandatang.
TANTANGAN PENDIDIKAN IPS DI ERA MASYARAKAT MADANI
Authors: Susrianto Indra Putra Edi 
Published: July 2022

Pada era globalisasi saat ini, teknologi memegang peran yang sangat penting. Arus globalisasi tentuk membawa dampak positif dan negatif bagi masyarakat dunia. Untuk mengantisipasi dari dampak tersebut, dituntut peran Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS), karena Pendidikan IPS sangat erat kaitannya dengan isu-isu sosial yang terjadi di tengah-tengah masyarakat. Disamping itu, materi pembelajaran Pendidikan IPS sangat erat kaitannya dengan nilai-nilai sosial dan nilai-nilai budaya bangsa. Dalam memecahkan masalah sosial, Pendidikan IPS harus ikut berperan aktif. Salah satu pendekatan yang dapat digunakan untuk memecahkan masalah sosial ini melalui pendekatan reflective inquiry. Melalui pendekatan reflective inquiry, para siswa diajarkan bagaimana menggunakan keterampilan sosial untuk memecahkan masalah-masalah faktual yang terjadi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari di tengah-tengah masyarakat. Pendidikan IPS harus dapat membantu siswa mengontrol diri dalam kehidupan dan menerapkan tata nilai tersebut dalam berperilaku di tengah-tengah masyarakat. Pendidikan IPS harus mampu mengembangkan masyarakat menjadi warga negara yang baik, akrab dengan semua unsur lingkungan, bersifat arif dan bijaksana dalam membina hubungan, mengeksplorasi, dan mengembangkan berbagai bentuk unsur lingkungan budaya yang ada. Pendidikan IPS tidak hanya menekankan pada pengembangan aspek kognitif seperti kemampuan penguasaan konsep atau teori ilmu-ilmu sosial, kemampuan berfikir kritis dan analitis, atau menguasai keterampilan sosial saja, melainkan juga dapat mengembangkan aspek afektif siswa yang meliputi pengembangan sikap, nilai dan moral siswa. Pendekatan reflective inquiry akan mendorong siswa menggunakan pemikiran yang lebih kritis dan kreatif untuk memecahkan masalah-masalah sosial dan berpartisipasi secara lebih aktif di tengah-tengah masyarakat. Karena materi pembelajaran dari Pendidikan IPS sangat erat kaitannya dengan nilai-nilai sosial dan budaya bangsa.
KONSEPSI ISLAM TENTANG MANUSIA DAN IMPLIKASINYA PADA PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Khairuddin Khairuddin 
Published: July 2022

Secara tegas Allah menyatakan bahwa manusia merupakan puncak ciptaan-Nya dengan tingkat kesempurnaan dan keunikannya yang prima dibanding makhluk lainnya (QS.At-Tin:4). Namun begitu Allah juga memperingatkan bahwa kualitas kemanusiaannya masih belum selesai (setengah jadi), sehingga masih harus berjuang untuk menyempurnakan dirinya (QS.Asy-Syams:7-10). Proses penyempurnaan ini amat dimungkinkan karena pada dasarnya manusia itu fitri, hanif dan berakal ditambah lagi dengan datangnya para Rasul Tuhan pembawa kitab suci sebagai petunjuk hidup manusia (QS.An-Nisa:174). Kesempurnaan itu tidak akan tercapai bilamana manusia tidak mempergunakan akal secara baik dan benar serta tidak mengimplementasikan petunjuk Allah, maka derajat manusia sama dengan hewan (QS.al-A’raf: 179). Pendidikan secara sederhana adalah sebagai sebuah proses memanusiakan manusia, “man is the core of the educational process”, bahwa manusia adalah inti dari sebuah proses pendidikan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa manusia adalah obyek dan sekaligus pelaku pendidikan. Oleh sebab itu formulasi dan implementasi pendidikan harus selalu disandarkan pada konsepsi tentang hakekat manusia. Potensi akal yang dimiliki oleh manusia mampu menghasilkan ilmu pengetahuan. Ilmu pengetahuan tersebut harus ditumbuhkembangkan secara optimal dan terpadu melalui proses pendidikan. Pendidikan hendaklah mengembangkan potensi manusia secara simultan dan seimbang sehingga membimbing dan mengarahkan manusia agar mampu mengemban amanat dari Allah yaitu menjalankan tugas-tugas hidupnya sebagai ‘abdullah” (hamba Allah) dan sebagai “Khalifatullah” (wakil Allah) dimuka bumi
PENGARUH MEDIA TELEVISI TERHADAP PRILAKU REMAJA DI DESA GEDONGAN KOTA GEDE YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Ardian Edi 
Published: July 2022

Nowadays, Television is one of media in modern era in the world, the positive effect of television to increase of knowledge and discourses, as the entertainment medium to show of the messages and information to increase of self-quality and it bring social impact in society also. Whereas, the negative impact of television from the sadism, pornography and sinetron that presents about hedonism to encourage adolescent become consumptive. The parents and teachers’ role are significant to decrease the negative effect of Television and religion role also can be able to suppress of negative effect of Television. Keyword: impact, hedonism, glamor.Media televisi merupakan salah satu media modern yang ada di dunia saat ini, media tersebut sangat berdamfak positif untuk meningkatkan ilmu pengetahuan dan menambah wawasan, sebagai sarana hiburan dan penyampai pesan dan informasi serta peningkatan kualitas diri. Masuknya media televisi membawa dampak sosial dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat . Sedang dampak negatif adalah dampak dari tayangan-tayangan yang berbau sadisme , pornograpi, dan tayangan seperti sinetron yang menampilkan kegelamoran yang tidak sesuai dengan budaya kita yang memotivasi para remaja untuk bersifat konsumerisme. Dalam hal ini peranan orang tua dan guru serta kerja sama yang baik antara keduanya maka akan bisa menekan dampak negatif yang ditimbulkan oleh tayangan televisi dengan komunikasi yang efektif kepada mereka. Peranan agama juga memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan untuk memfilter dampak dari hal negatif dari media televisi.