bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quasinormal ringing of regular black holes in asymptotically safe gravity: the importance of overtones
Authors: Konoplya R.A. , Zinhailo A.F. , Kunz J. , Stuchlík Z. , Zhidenko A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAsymptotically safe gravity is based on the idea that the main contribution to the Schwarzschild-like black hole spacetime is due to the value of the gravitational coupling which depends on the distance from the origin and approaches its classical value in the far zone. However, at some stage this approach has an arbitrariness of choice of some identification parameter. The two cases of identification are considered here: first, by the modified proper length (the Bonanno-Reuter metric), and second, by the Kretschmann scalar (the metric for this case coincides, up to the redefinition of constants, with the Hayward metric). Even though the quasinormal modes of these metrics have been extensively studied, a number of interesting points were missed. We have found that quasinormal modes are qualitatively similar for both types of identification. The deviation of the fundamental mode from its Schwarzschild limit may be a few times larger than it was claimed in the previous studies. The striking deviation from the Schwarzschild limit occurs for overtones, being as large as hundreds of percent even when the fundamental mode is almost coinciding with the Schwarzschild one. This happens because the above metrics are very close to the Schwarzschild one everywhere, except a small region near the event horizon, which is crucial for overtones. The spectrum of both metrics contains purely imaginary (non-oscillatory) modes, which, for some values of parameters, can appear already at the second overtone.
Exposure to Metalworking Fluids and Cancer Incidence in the United Auto Workers–General Motors Cohort
Authors: Colbeth Hilary L , Chen Kevin T , Picciotto Sally , Costello Sadie , Eisen Ellen A 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn previous studies, investigators have reported increased risks of specific cancers associated with exposure to metalworking fluids (MWFs). In this report we broadly examine the incidence of 14 types of cancer, with a focus on digestive, respiratory, and hormonal cancers, in the United Auto Workers–General Motors (UAW-GM) cohort, a cohort of workers exposed to MWFs (1973–2015). The cohort included 39,132 workers followed for cancer incidence. Cox models yielded estimates of adjusted hazard ratios, with categorical variables for lagged cumulative exposure to 3 types of MWF (straight, soluble, and synthetic). We fitted penalized splines to examine the shape of the exposure-response relationships. There were 7,809 incident cancer cases of interest. Oil-based straight and soluble MWFs were each modestly associated with all cancers combined. Exposure-response patterns were consistent with prior reports from this cohort, and results for splined exposures generally reflected their categorically modeled counterparts. We found significantly increased incidence of stomach and kidney cancer with higher levels of straight MWF exposure and increased rectal and prostate cancer with increasing water-based synthetic MWF exposure. Only non-Hodgkin lymphoma and prostate cancer were associated with soluble MWF. All results for colon and lung cancers were null. Our results provide updated evidence for associations between MWF exposure and incidence of several types of cancer.
Association Between Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Risk of Home Hypertension in a Normotensive Population: The Ohasama Study
Authors: Nakayama Shingo , Satoh Michihiro , Metoki Hirohito , Murakami Takahisa , Tatsumi Yukako , Asayama Kei , Hara Azusa , Hirose Takuo , Tsubota-Utsugi Megumi , Kikuya Masahiro , Mori Takefumi , Hozawa Atsushi , Imai Yutaka , Ohkubo Takayoshi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated the association between ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and the risk of home hypertension in a normotensive population and whether considering ambulatory BP improves the 10-year prediction model for home hypertension risk, which was developed in the previous Ohasama Study.MethodsIn this prospective study, we followed up with 410 participants (83.2% women; age, 53.6 years) without a home and ambulatory hypertension in the general population of Ohasama, Japan. The Cox model was used to assess the hazard ratios (HRs) for home hypertension (home BP ≥ 135/≥85 mmHg or the initiation of antihypertensive treatment) and model improvement.ResultsDuring a mean 14.2-year follow-up, 225 home hypertension incidences occurred. The HR (95% confidence interval) for home hypertension incidence per 1-SD higher (=6.76 mmHg) 24-hour systolic BP (SBP) was 1.59 (1.33 to 1.90), after adjustments for possible confounding factors, including baseline home SBP. Harrell’s C-statistics increased from 0.72 to 0.73 (P = 0.11) when 24-hour SBP was added to the basic 10-year home hypertension prediction model, which includes sex, age, body mass index, smoking status, office SBP, and baseline home SBP. Continuous net reclassification improvement (0.53, P &lt; 0.0001) and integrated discrimination improvement (0.028, P = 0.0014) revealed improvement in the model.ConclusionsA total of 24-hour SBP could be an independent predictor of future home hypertension. Home BP and 24-hour BP can longitudinally influence each other in the long term.
Comparison of the Memory Complaints Inventory and the PAI Cognitive Bias Scale in a Military Sample
Authors: Armistead-Jehle Patrick , Ingram Paul B 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe Memory Complaints Inventory (MCI) is a stand-alone memory-based symptom validity test (SVT). The measure is promising and has been used with relative frequency, but requires additional research (Armistead-Jehle & Shura, 2022). The current study sought to expand the empirical base of the MCI by comparing it to the Cognitive Bias Scale, a new symptom validity measure assessing cognitive over reporting on the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI).MethodRetrospective review of 273 military service members seen for neuropsychological evaluation and administered both the PAI and MCI.ResultsArea under the curve values for the MCI overall mean score and MCI implausible scales for a PAI Cognitive Bias Scale (CBS) cut score of &gt;14 were large in effect (0.77 and 0.78, respectively). The effect size between those that passed and failed the CBS on the mean of MCI scales was also large (d = 1.13). Classification statistics indicated that a cut score of 52% on the mean MCI scales and 29% on the mean MCI implausible subscales indicated specificities of 0.94 and 0.93 and sensitivities of 0.30 and 0.29, respectively.ConclusionsThese data support the MCI as a cognitive SVT relative to the PAI CBS. We offer guidance on how to integrate these SVT measures in military samples.
Scene-selective brain regions respond to embedded objects of a scene
Authors: Aminoff Elissa M , Durham Tess 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objects are fundamental to scene understanding. Scenes are defined by embedded objects and how we interact with them. Paradoxically, scene processing in the brain is typically discussed in contrast to object processing. Using the BOLD5000 dataset (Chang et al., 2019), we examined whether objects within a scene predicted the neural representation of scenes, as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging in humans. Stimuli included 1,179 unique scenes across 18 semantic categories. Object composition of scenes were compared across scene exemplars in different semantic scene categories, and separately, in exemplars of the same scene category. Neural representations in scene- and object-preferring brain regions were significantly related to which objects were in a scene, with the effect at times stronger in the scene-preferring regions. The object model accounted for more variance when comparing scenes within the same semantic category to scenes from different categories. Here, we demonstrate the function of scene-preferring regions includes the processing of objects. This suggests visual processing regions may be better characterized by the processes, which are engaged when interacting with the stimulus kind, such as processing groups of objects in scenes, or processing a single object in our foreground, rather than the stimulus kind itself.
Differential Patterns by Area-Level Social Determinants of Health in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)–Related Mortality and Non–COVID-19 Mortality: A Population-Based Study of 11.8 Million People in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Wang Linwei , Calzavara Andrew , Baral Stefan , Smylie Janet , Chan Adrienne K , Sander Beate , Austin Peter C , Kwong Jeffrey C , Mishra Sharmistha 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundSocial determinants of health (SDOH) have been associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes. We examined patterns in COVID-19–related mortality by SDOH and compared these patterns to those for non–COVID-19 mortality.MethodsResidents of Ontario, Canada, aged ≥20 years were followed from 1 March 2020 to 2 March 2021. COVID-19–related death was defined as death within 30 days following or 7 days prior to a positive COVID-19 test. Area-level SDOH from the 2016 census included median household income; proportion with diploma or higher educational attainment; proportion essential workers, racially minoritized groups, recent immigrants, apartment buildings, and high-density housing; and average household size. We examined associations between SDOH and COVID-19–related mortality, and non-COVID-19 mortality using cause-specific hazard models.ResultsOf 11 810 255 individuals, we observed 3880 COVID-19–related deaths and 88 107 non–COVID-19 deaths. After accounting for demographics, baseline health, and other area-level SDOH, the following were associated with increased hazards of COVID-19–related death (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: lower income (1.30 [1.04–1.62]), lower educational attainment (1.27 [1.07–1.52]), higher proportions essential workers (1.28 [1.05–1.57]), racially minoritized groups (1.42 [1.08–1.87]), apartment buildings (1.25 [1.07–1.46]), and large vs medium household size (1.30 [1.12–1.50]). Areas with higher proportion racially minoritized groups were associated with a lower hazard of non–COVID-19 mortality (0.88 [0.84–0.92]).ConclusionsArea-level SDOH are associated with COVID-19–related mortality after accounting for demographic and clinical factors. COVID-19 has reversed patterns of lower non–COVID-19 mortality among racially minoritized groups. Pandemic responses should include strategies to address disproportionate risks and inequitable coverage of preventive interventions associated with SDOH.
Growth differentiation factor 15 and cardiovascular risk: individual patient meta-analysis
Authors: Kato Eri Toda , Morrow David A , Guo Jianping , Berg David D , Blazing Michael A , Bohula Erin A , Bonaca Marc P , Cannon Christopher P , de Lemos James A , Giugliano Robert P , Jarolim Petr , Kempf Tibor , Kristin Newby L , O’Donoghue Michelle L , Pfeffer Marc A , Rifai Nader , Wiviott Stephen D , Wollert Kai C , Braunwald Eugene , Sabatine Marc S 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimsLevels of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), a cytokine secreted in response to cellular stress and inflammation, have been associated with multiple types of cardiovascular (CV) events. However, its comparative prognostic performance across different presentations of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains unknown.Methods and resultsAn individual patient meta-analysis was performed using data pooled from eight trials including 53 486 patients. Baseline GDF-15 concentration was analyzed as a continuous variable and using established cutpoints (&lt;1200 ng/L, 1200–1800 ng/L, &gt; 1800 ng/L) to evaluate its prognostic performance for CV death/hospitalization for heart failure (HHF), major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), and their components using Cox models adjusted for clinical variables and established CV biomarkers. Analyses were further stratified on ASCVD status: acute coronary syndrome (ACS), stabilized after recent ACS, and stable ASCVD. Overall, higher GDF-15 concentration was significantly and independently associated with an increased rate of CV death/HHF and MACE (P &lt; 0.001 for each). However, while GDF-15 showed a robust and consistent independent association with CV death and HHF across all presentations of ASCVD, its prognostic association with future myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke only remained significant in patients stabilized after recent ACS or with stable ASCVD [hazard ratio (HR): 1.24, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.17–1.31 and HR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.05–1.28 for MI and stroke, respectively] and not in ACS (HR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.90–1.06 and HR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.39–1.92, respectively).ConclusionGrowth differentiation factor 15 consistently adds prognostic information for CV death and HHF across the spectrum of ASCVD. GDF-15 also adds prognostic information for MI and stroke beyond clinical risk factors and cardiac biomarkers but not in the setting of ACS.
An overview of Personalized Medicine landscape and policies in the European Union
Authors: Beccia F , Hoxhaj I , Castagna C , Strohäker T , Cadeddu C , Ricciardi Walter , Boccia S 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe spread of Personalized Medicine (PM) over the last decade defined a revolution in healthcare systems. PM is among the priorities of the European Commission’s research agenda, which funded the IC2PerMed international project aiming to integrate China into the International Consortium of PM (ICPerMed). In the context of this project, we mapped the existing policies related to PM in the European Union (EU) and at the EU Member States (EU-MS) level.MethodsPubMed, Google Scholar, Google, Microsoft and national and international institutions’ official repositories were searched in order to identify documents on PM-related policies, programmes and action plans at the EU and EU-MS level, published up to December 2020.ResultsWe identified 28 policies in the EU aimed at improving public health promoting and fostering PM implementation, through some actions including the standardization of good medical practice, use of big data and digital innovation, data sharing and cross-border interoperability, healthcare sustainability, disease prevention and patients’/citizens’ engagement. We identified 23 policies at EU-MS level which, notwithstanding national differences, have a common focus, such as patient-tailored treatment and targeted prevention, education of healthcare workers, research and innovation, big data harmonization and healthcare system sustainability.ConclusionsThe definition of an integrated regulatory framework is essential to turn PM into an opportunity for citizens and patients with the involvement of all the stakeholders. This work can provide a valuable tool for decision-makers to define common approaches, priorities for research, development and increase international collaboration, which could overcome the fragmented European scenario and align the future direction on PM.
Patterns of regional recurrence according to molecular subtype in patients with pN2 breast cancer treated with limited field regional irradiation
Authors: Cho Won Kyung , Park Won , Jeong Yuri , Kim Haeyoung , Kim Nalee 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objective
There is little evidence regarding the radiotherapy modification based on molecular subtypes in breast cancer. This study aimed to identify the risk and patterns of regional recurrence according to molecular subtype in patients with pN2 breast cancer.

Methods
We identified 454 patients who underwent radical surgery for breast cancer with 4–9 axillary lymph node metastases. All patients underwent axillary lymph node dissection, adjuvant chemotherapy and limited-field regional nodal irradiation. The rates and patterns of regional recurrence were compared between the following three subgroups: luminal type (estrogen receptor- and/or progesterone receptor-positive), HER2-type (estrogen receptor- and progesterone receptor-negative and HER2-positive) and triple-negative type (estrogen receptor-, progesterone receptor- and HER2-negative).

Results
Regional recurrence occurred in 18/454 patients (4%). The risk of regional recurrence was higher in the triple-negative (hazard ratio 7.641) and HER2-type (hazard ratio 4.032) subtypes than in the luminal subtype. The predominant pattern of regional recurrence was inside the radiotherapy field in triple-negative breast cancer and outside the radiotherapy field in HER2-type and luminal-type cancers.

Conclusions
In patients with pN2 breast cancer, the risk of regional recurrence was higher in the triple-negative and HER2-type than in the luminal type. In-field recurrence was predominant in triple-negative cancer, while out-field recurrence was frequent in luminal and HER2-type breast cancers.
Debuccalization in Gulf Pidgin Arabic: OT Parallelism or Harmonic Serialism
Authors: Alqahtani Mufleh , Almoaily Mohammad 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The current study examines debuccalization in Gulf Pidgin Arabic (GPA), which targets pharyngeal fricatives, /ʕ/ and /ħ/, based on the analysis of feature geometry and Optimality Theory (henceforth OT). This study relies on data elicited from interviews with 10 GPA speakers from two linguistic backgrounds, Bengali and Malayalam. This study concludes that /ʕ/ is debuccalized to [ʔ] and /ħ/ to [h] in onset position. Debuccalization is also seen as a step prior to the deletion of pharyngeal fricatives in the coda position. The process of debuccalization is shown through a feature geometric representation of which the Retracted Tongue Root [RTR], as an articulator feature dominated by the pharyngeal place node in pharyngeal fricatives is prone to inertness. [RTR] inertness and the loss of pharyngeal place node are peculiar to the deletion of pharyngeal fricatives in the coda position. Parallelism, as an OT model, is shown to be able to account for debuccalization in the onset in GPA while Harmonic Serialism, as another OT model, is capable of accounting for a serial derivation of which debuccalization of pharyngeal fricatives in the coda position represents the first step prior to consonant deletion.
Infrastructural developmentalism and its many types of global law: a comparative look at the UN Sustainable Development Goals and China’s Belt and Road Initiative
Authors: Rodiles Alejandro 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We are currently witnessing the evolution of two gigantic development programmes: the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Perceived and real differences notwithstanding, both place infrastructures at the heart of global development. The present article analyses the relations between this new developmental thinking and law. The fluid rearrangement of public and private, formal and informal legal frameworks spurred by BRI indicate the emergence of a transnational legal infrastructure both tied to and facilitated by a material pragmatism at odds with China’s rhetorical embracement of international law as we know it. The implementation infrastructure of SDGs, for its part, reveals a resilience-driven style of governance difficult to reconcile with the futurity attaching to the idea of law. While these findings would suggest a retreat from international law, the present article argues that many types of global law are emerging and resurfacing from infrastructural developmentalism.
Recruitment of hard coral communities on giant clam shells (Cardiidae: Tridacna) differ from surrounding reef habitats at a tourist destination in the Gulf of Thailand
Authors: Mehrotra Rahul , Allchurch Alyssa , Monchanin Coline , Scott Chad M 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Giant clams are organisms of significant ecological importance on coral reefs. They are known to help maintain oligotrophic conditions on reefs, to act as potential reservoirs of symbiotic dinoflagellates and as a consequence of their large, dense shells, to contribute to reef structural complexity. Despite this, little work has been done to investigate the utility of giant clam shells for coral recruitment. Here, we quantify scleractinian coral growth on living and dead giant clams around the Thai island of Koh Tao, a site with a history of environmental and anthropogenic pressure related to tourism. Transect surveys at 15 reefs around the island yielded 739 clams, of which 120 were found to support coral recruits. A total of 270 distinct corals were recorded between depths of 2.1 and 8 m (none were found at depths shallower than 2 m), with 29% found on dead shells and 71% on living clams. Differences were found in the community structure of hard corals found on clam shells vs those found in surrounding reef environments, with mushroom corals (Fungiidae) and Stylocoeniella being significantly more abundant on clam shells than on the natural reef. In contrast, corals abundant on surrounding reefs (e.g. Acropora and Porites) were disproportionately better represented on the reef than on clam shells. This suggests that giant clam shells may play a significant role in the succession of coral reefs with certain corals being preferentially supported over others.
ATM-mediated ELL phosphorylation enhances its self-association through increased EAF1 interaction and inhibits global transcription during genotoxic stress
Authors: Pal Sujay , Yadav Dipika , Biswas Debabrata 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Mammalian cells immediately inhibit transcription upon exposure to genotoxic stress to avoid fatal collision between ongoing transcription and newly recruited DNA repair machineries to protect genomic integrity. However, mechanisms of this early transcriptional inhibition are poorly understood. In this study, we decipher a novel role of human EAF1, a positive regulator of ELL-dependent RNA Polymerase II-mediated transcription in vitro, in regulation of temporal inhibition of transcription during genotoxic stress. Our results show that, besides Super Elongation Complex (SEC) and Little Elongation Complex (LEC), human ELL (aka ELL1) also forms a complex with EAF1 alone. Interestingly, contrary to the in vitro studies, EAF1 inhibits ELL-dependent RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription of diverse target genes. Mechanistically, we show that intrinsic self-association property of ELL leads to its reduced interaction with other SEC components. EAF1 enhances ELL self-association and thus reduces its interaction with other SEC components leading to transcriptional inhibition. Physiologically, we show that upon exposure to genotoxic stress, ATM-mediated ELL phosphorylation-dependent enhanced EAF1 association results in reduced ELL interaction with other SEC components that lead to global transcriptional inhibition. Thus, we describe an important mechanism of dynamic transcriptional regulation during genotoxic stress involving post-translational modification of a key elongation factor.