bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cellulose nanofibres as surface coating in paper packaging. Influence of metering system and drying technology on paper structural properties
Authors: Fillat Úrsula , Vergara Priscilla , Villar Juan Carlos , Gómez Nuria 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cellulose nanofibres (CNF) can improve the quality of cardboard packaging, a widely used renewable and recyclable material. This work evaluates the ability of CNF to impart barrier properties to commercial paper used in packaging. Three CNF were tested: mechanical (CM), by TEMPO mediated oxidation (CT) and carboxymethylated (CC). Two metering systems (wound rod and blade micrometer) were used to apply one, five and 10 layers of CNF suspensions, and two drying methods (hot air jet and contact with a hot polished surface in a speed dryer) were evaluated. The quality of the CNF coated papers was measured by barrier, structural and optical properties, and visual appearance. CC coatings obtained the lowest air permeance values, even at low coat weights, below those of commercial starch. CT also reduced air permeance at low weights, but a larger amount of CM was needed for good results. When one coating layer was applied, hot air jet drying typically showed lower air permeance than the polished surface method in CT and starch samples. SEM images showed good coverage at low coat weight in CC and CT, whereas CM was unable to cover the base paper. With increased layers of CM, an adequate film was formed. CT yielded the highest gloss values, CC exhibited a good visual appearance, and CM showed an uneven white hue. For runnability, CC outperformed the other CNF. CC had the highest fibrillation degree and acid group content, and was the CNF coating with most potential as a coating for paper.
Fluorine-free, Nanoparticle Coatings on Cotton Fabric: Comparing the UV-protective, Hydrophobic Capabilities of Silica Nanoparticles vs. Silica-ZnO Nanostructures
Authors: Liu Chao Yun , Xin Hu , Lee Cheng Hao , Fan Suju , Xin John H. , Noor Nuruzzaman 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Robust, hydrophobic woven cotton fabrics was obtained through the sol-gel dip coating of different nanoparticle architectures; silica and silica-ZnO. For water repellency, average values as high as ~148° and relatively low tilt angles for fibrous fabrics (~12°) were observed. In all cases, this enhanced functionality was achieved with the simultaneous retention of excellent water vapour permeability characteristics (i.e.; less than 10% decrease). By scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analyses, the physico-chemical effects of coatings on cotton fibres were observed. In cases where the photoactive ZnO-containing additives were used, several order of magnitude increases in UV-protective capability were also achieved, that were absent in non-ZnO containing samples. Such water repellency and UPF capabilities were also found to be stable to UV-exposure; resisting the otherwise commonly encountered UV-induced wettability transitions for photoactive ZnO. These results suggest that ZnO-containing silica nanoparticle coatings confer excellent and persistent surface hydrophobicity, as well as UV-protective capability, with realistic potential uses in wearables and broader functional textiles applications.
The Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction in Jordan: A National Population-Based Survey
Authors: Ajlouni Kamel , Khawaja Nahla , Khateeb Mohammed EL , Batieha Anwar , Frahid Oraib 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: The objectives of this study are to assess the prevalence of clinical and subclinical hypo- and hyperthyroidism and their associated factors among Jordanian adultsMethods: In a cross-sectional population-based survey, a representative sample that included 3753 Jordanian adults was selected from the 12 governorates that represent the three regions of the country, in the year 2017. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained and blood samples were collected from all participants. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free tri-iodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) were measured to evaluate the thyroid function.Results: The overall prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was 11.9%. Around 76% of patients with thyroid dysfunction were previously undiagnosed. The prevalence of hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism was 3.1% and 5.3 %, respectively. The prevalence of hyperthyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism was 1.0 % and 2.5%, respectively. Female preponderance which was mainly related to hypothyroid disorders was evident. The prevalence of positive TPOAb and TgAb in the study population was 14.9% and 15.3%, respectively. The prevalence of detectable TPOAb and TgAb in the euthyroid participants was10.3% and 11.9%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis revealed that female gender, age ≥ 50 years and the presence of TgAb and TPOAb were strongly associated with hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism was significantly associated with the presence of TPOAb and age ≥ 50 years.Conclusion: The prevalence of unrecognized thyroid dysfunction is high among Jordanians. A public health policy of screening high risk groups particularly those ≥ 50 years of age is recommended.
Prioritization of Public Health Financing, Organization, and Workforce Transformation: A Delphi Study in Canada
Authors: Dedewanou F. Antoine , Allin Sara , Guyon Ak’ingabe , Pawa Jasmine , Ammi Mehdi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: The increased scrutiny on public health brought upon by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic provides a strong impetus for a renewal of public health systems. This paper seeks to understand priorities of public health decision-makers for reforms to public health financing, organization, interventions, and workforce. Methods: We used an online 3-Round Delphi method of reaching consensus on priorities for public health systems reform. Participants were recruited among individuals holding senior roles in Canadian public health institutions, ministries of health and regional health authorities. In Round 1, participants were asked to rate 9 propositions related to public health financing, organization, workforce, and interventions. Participants were also asked to contribute up to three further ideas in relation to these topics in open-ended format. In Rounds 2 and 3, participants re-appraised their ratings in the view of the group’s ratings in the previous round. Results: Eighty-six public health senior decision-makers from various public health organizations across Canada were invited to participate. Of these, 25/86 completed Round 1 (29% response rate), 19/25 completed Round 2 (76% retention rate) and 18/19 completed Round 3 (95% retention rate). Consensus (defined as more than 70% of importance rating) was achieved for 6 out of 9 propositions at the end of the third round. In only one case, the consensus was that the proposition was not important. Proposition rated consensually important relate to targeted public health budget, time frame for spending this budget, and the specialization of public health structures. Both interventions related and not related to the COVID-19 pandemic were judged important. Open-ended comments further highlighted priorities for renewal in public health governance and public health information management systems. Conclusion: Consensus emerged rapidly among Canadian public health decision-makers on prioritizing public health budget and time frame for spending. Ensuring that public health services beyond COVID-19 and communicable disease are maintained and enhanced is also of central importance. Future research shall explore potential trade-offs between these priorities.
Influences on intentions for obstetric practice among family physicians and residents in Canada: an explorative qualitative inquiry
Authors: Marshall Emily Gard , Horrey Kathleen , Moritz Lauren R , Buote Richard , Grudniewicz Agnes , Goldsmith Laurie J , Randall Ellen , Jones Lori , Lavergne M. Ruth 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Many family medicine residency graduates indicate a desire to provide obstetric care, but a low proportion of family physicians provide obstetric care within their practice. This suggests personal preference alone may not account for the low proportion of FPs who ultimately provide full obstetric care. If decisionmakers plan to augment number of family physicians providing obstetric care, barriers to the provision of such care must first be identified. Within this paper, we explore the perspectives of both family practice residents and early-career family physicians on the factors that shaped their decision to provide obstetric care.
Methods
In this qualitative study, we analyzed a subset of interview data from British Columbia, Ontario, and Nova Scotia (n = 18 family practice residents; n = 39 early-career family physicians). We used thematic analysis to analyze data relevant to obstetric care practice, applying the socio-ecological model and comparing themes across participant types, gender, and province.
Results
Participants described influences affecting their decision about providing obstetric care. Key influencing factors aligned with the levels of the socio-ecological model of public policy (e.g., liability), community (e.g., community needs), organizational (e.g., obstetric care trade-offs, working in teams, sufficient exposure in training), interpersonal practice preferences (e.g., impact on family life, negative interactions with other healthcare professionals), and individual factors (e.g., defining comprehensive care as “everything but obstetrics”). Many participants were interested in providing obstetric care within their practice but did not provide such care. Participants’ decision-making around providing or not providing obstetric care included considerations of personal preferences and outside influences.
Conclusions
Individual-level factors alone do not account for the decrease in the type and amount of obstetric care offered by family physicians. Instead, family physicians’ choice to provide or not provide obstetric care is influenced by factors at higher levels of the socio-ecological model. Policymakers who want to encourage obstetrics practice by family physicians should implement interventions at the public policy, community, organizational, interpersonal, and individual levels.
Characterization of miniature inverted repeat transposable elements inserted in the CitRWP gene controlling nucellar embryony and development of molecular markers for reliable genotyping of CitRWP in Citrus species
Authors: Jeong Hyeonju , Yun Young Bok , Jeong Seung Yong , Cho Younsup , Kim Sunggil 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Nucellar embryony, a form of apomixis, is one of the most important traits in citrus breeding. Transposition of a miniature inverted repeat transposable element (MITE) in the promoter of CitRWP gene has been previously reported as the causal mutation. However, features of the MITE such as sequences of terminal inverted repeats (TIRs) and target site duplications (TSDs) remain unclear. An MITE family, DTM10, showing the highest homology was identified from 110 citrus MITE families. At least 80 DTM10 elements were identified from each of 10 genome sequences of Citrinae species. Analysis of 114 sweet orange elements showed that DTM10 contained 56-bp TIRs and mostly 9-bp TSDs. Phylogenetic analyses of DTM10 elements identified from five Citrinae species showed that MITEs in CitRWP might have transposed in a common ancestor of Citrus species. Two inverted MITEs were identified from three mutant alleles analyzed. In addition, three tandem MITEs were identified in the mutant allele of Fortunella CitRWP. A strong DNA secondary structure formed between MITEs was predicted. Due to a strong stem-loop structure, a phenomenon of polymerase jumping was observed during PCR amplification. To develop reliable molecular markers, sequences of mutant and wild-type CitRWP alleles were obtained from diverse citrus accessions. Phylogenetic analysis of CitRWP alleles showed that mutant alleles might have originated from a common ancestor of Citrus species. Based on MITE insertion and a single nucleotide polymorphism in the genic region, three complementary molecular markers were developed. Genotyping results of 241 citrus accessions were found to be identical among three molecular markers.
Low expression of MATR3 is associated with poor survival in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Durślewicz Justyna , Klimaszewska-Wiśniewska Anna , Antosik Paulina , Grzanka Dariusz 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Matrin 3 (MATR3) is one of the most abundant inner nuclear matrix proteins involved in multiple nuclear processes. To date the biological role and prognostic relevance of MATR3 in human cancers remain largely underexplored. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the expression levels and prognostic significance of MATR3 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients. We assessed MATR3 immunohistochemical staining and RNA-seq data from publicly available data sets, and the results were analyzed with reference to clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival of patients. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network for MATR3 and its neighbors was constructed, functionally annotated, and screened for survival-related genes. We observed that MATR3 protein and mRNA levels were lower in tumor tissues compared to control tissues. Lower MATR3 protein and mRNA expression levels were found to be a significant independent adverse prognostic factor for patient overall survival (OS). Moreover, out of the candidate genes, MRPL23 gene was identified as being the most predictive of OS and combined MRPL23/MATR3 expression status predicted patient survival better than looking at each marker individually. In conclusion, the present investigation warrants further research into the biological and prognostic value of MATR3 and MRPL23 in ccRCC patients.
Room-temperature martensitic actuation profited from one-dimensional hybrid perovskite structure
Authors: Liang Bei-Dou , Fan Chang-Chun , Liu Cheng-Dong , Chai Chao-Yang , Han Xiang-Bin , Zhang Wen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Ferroelastic and thermoelastic behaviors are interesting mechanical-related properties usually accompanied by martensitic transformations which can act as mechanical actuation when a stimulus is applied. However, reversible stimuli-response behavior in a crystalline state is rare for molecular crystals because many crystals cannot bear the stress release when the transformation occurs. Here, a new 1D perovskite semiconductor (NMEA)PbI3 (NMEA = N-methylethylamine) was successfully prepared and the crystal undergoes ferroelastic and thermoelastic martensitic transformations showing reversible responsive phenomena. The thermosalient behavior that occurs at the phase transition is very close to room temperature and may have promising applications in mechanical actuators for intelligence devices. This work provides a new approach to designing actuators utilizing weak interactions among chains in 1D perovskites that easily trigger interchain shearing movement.
The randomized circumcentered-reflection iteration method for solving consistent linear equations
Authors: Li Nan , Yin Jun-Feng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
After randomly reflecting on two hyperplanes, a new iteration method is established by making use of the circumceter of the reflective points from the viewpoint of geometry. The linear combination could be non-convex when the angle between the hyperplances is small. Theoretical analysis show that the proposed method converges and the convergence rate in expectation is also addressed in detail. The relation between our method and block Kaczmarz method is well discussed. Numerical experiments further verify that the new algorithms is efficient, and outperform the existing randomized Kaczmarz methods and randomized reflection methods in terms of the number of iterations and CPU time, especially when the coefficient matrix has highly coherent rows.
TLR3 stimulation improves the migratory potency of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells through the stress response pathway in the melanoma mouse model
Authors: Eskandari Fatemeh , Zolfaghari Samira , Yazdanpanah Ayna , Shabestari Rima Manafi , Fomeshi Motahareh Rajabi , Milan Peiman B. , Kiani Jafar , Zomorrod Mina Soufi , Safa Majid 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are utilized as a carrier of anti-tumor agents in targeted anti-cancer therapy. Despite the improvements in this area, there are still some unsolved issues in determining the appropriate dose, method of administration, biodistribution, and long-term survival. The current study aimed to determine the influence of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) stimulation on the potential of MSCs migration to the neoplasm environment in the mouse melanoma model.
Methods and Results
Adipose-derived MSCs (ADMSCs) were isolated from the GFP+ transgenic C57BL/6 mouse and treated with different doses (1µg/ml and 10 µg/ml) of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)], the related TLR3 agonist, at various time points (1 and 4 hours). Following the treatment, the expression pattern of targeted genes such as α4, α5, and β1 integrins and TGF-β and IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokines was determined using real-time PCR. In vivo live imaging evaluated the migration index of the intraperitoneally (IP) injected treated ADMSCs in a lung tumor-bearing mouse (C57BL/6) melanoma model (n = 5). The presented findings demonstrated that TLR3 stimulation led to enhanced migration of ADMSCs to the tumor area compared with control group (n = 5) and enhanced expression of α4, α5, and β1 integrins. It was also detected that the engagement of TLR3 resulted in the anti-inflammatory behavior of the cells, which might influence the directed movement of ADMSCs.
Conclusions
This research identified that TLR3 activation might improve the migration via the stimulation of stress response in the cells and depending on the agonist concentration and time exposure, these activated pathway drive the migratory behavior of MSCs.
Instability of molecular subtype markers between first and second primary breast cancers
Authors: Huang Yubei , Li Chenyang , Lyu Zhangyan , Wang Zhipeng , Hao Chunfang , Song Fengju 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Previous studies investigated the instability of molecular subtype markers [estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)] in several clinical settings, but not for second primary breast cancer (SPBC) after first primary breast cancer (FPBC). Methods: A total of 15,390 patients with SPBC were preliminarily selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, and 3,777 patients with complete information on three molecular subtype markers in both FPBC and SPBC were included in the final analyses. The instability of molecular subtype markers and their prognostic implications and potential influential factors were well investigated.Results: The overall instability rates of ER, PR, and HER2 between FPBC and SPBC were 23.0%, 35.0%, and 18.3%, respectively. Gains of ER, PR, and HER2 after negative index markers were 48.7%, 37.9% and 11.5%, while losses of markers after positive index markers were 16.6%, 33.8% and 56.7%. Loss of ER was significantly associated with increased mortality (18.1% vs. 7.9%, P<0.001), while gain of ER was significantly associated with decreased mortality (11.5% vs. 23.2%, P<0.001). Similar results were observed for instability of PR status. However, loss of HER2 was significantly associated with decreased mortality (8.7% vs. 16.3%, P=0.014), and no significant association was observed between the gain of HER2 and the prognosis of SPBC. Multivariate competing risk analyses showed similar results. HER2 status in FPBC, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy was significantly associated with instability of ER/PR (all P<0.05), and no available therapies associated with HER2 instability.Conclusion: Instability of molecular subtype markers is observed in a considerable proportion of patients and has statistically significant prognostic implications. Biopsies should be taken as a routine procedure for better therapy management.
Can small-field-of-view reconstruction CT better evaluate lung nodule than conventional CT analyzed by multi-instance learning lung nodule system ?
Authors: Ma Yanqing , Cao Hanbo , Li Jie , Lin Mu , Gong Xiangyang , Lin Yi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
To subjectively and objectively assess the performance of conventional CT (c-CT) and small-field-of-view reconstruction CT (sFOV-CT) by radiologists and a multi-instance learning (MIL) based lung nodule system.
Methods
A cohort of 112 patients were enrolled between July 2021 to March 2022 in this prospective study. After taking c-CT examinations, the sFOV-CT images with small-field-of-view were reconstructed. All the c-CT and sFOV-CT images were subjectively analyzed by two radiologists, including features of location, nodule type, size, CT values, and shape sign. Then a lung nodule system based on MIL objectively analyzed the c-CT (c-MIL) and sFOV-CT (sFOV-MIL) to explore their difference. Additionally, the signal-to-noise ratio of lung (SNR-lung) and contrast-to-noise ratio of nodule(CNR-nodule) were calculated to evaluate the quality of CT images.
Results
The subjective evaluation by two radiologists showed that only the features of minimal CT value (p = 0.019) had statistical significance between c-CT and sFOV-CT. While, to the objective analysis by MIL system, the most features (all the p < 0.05) except for nodule type, location, volume, mean CT value, and vacuole sign (p = 0.056-1.000) had statistical difference between c-MIL and sFOV-MIL. The SNR-lung between c-CT and sFOV-CT had no statistical significance, while the CNR-nodule showed statistical difference (p = 0.007) and the CNR of sFOV-CT was higher than that of c-CT (median, inter-quartile: 2.203, 1.620–2.793 vs. 1.850, 1.027–2.558).
Conclusions
The MIL system were more sensitive than radiologists’ subjective evaluation in detecting the difference between c-CT and sFOV-CT. The image quality of those two CT images were different, and the CNR-nodule of sFOV-CT was higher than that of c-CT.