bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance status of targeted biopsy alone versus Sydney protocol by non-NBI expert gastroenterologist in gastric intestinal metaplasia diagnosis
Authors: Faknak Natee , Pittayanon Rapat , Tiankanon Kasenee , Lerttanatum Nathawadee , Sanpavat Anapat , Klaikaew Naruemon , Rerknimitr Rungsun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims According to a recent guideline, patients with gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) should have at least five biopsies performed under the Sydney protocol to evaluate for risk of extensive GIM. However, only narrow-band imaging (NBI)-targeted biopsy may be adequate to diagnose extensive GIM.
Patients and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2019 and October 2020. Patients with histology-proven GIM were enrolled. All patients underwent standard esophagogastroduodenoscopy performed by a gastroenterology trainee. The performing endoscopists took biopsies from either a suspected GIM area (NBI-targeted biopsy) or randomly (if negative for GIM read by NBI) to complete five areas of the stomach as per the Sydney protocol. The gold standard for GIM diagnosis was pathology read by two gastrointestinal pathologists with unanimous agreement.
Results A total of 95 patients with GIM were enrolled and 50 (52.6%) were men with a mean age of 64 years. Extensive GIM was diagnosed in 43 patients (45.3%). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of NBI-targeted biopsy vs. the Sydney protocol were 88.4% vs.100 %, 90.3% vs. 90.3%, 88.4% vs. 89.6%, 90.3% vs. 100%, and 89.5% vs. 94.7%, respectively. The number of specimens from NBI-targeted biopsy was significantly lower than that from Sydney protocol (311vs.475, P < 0.001).
Conclusions Both NBI-targeted biopsy and Sydney protocol by a gastroenterologist who was not an expert in NBI and who has experience with diagnosis of at least 60 cases of GIM provided an NPV higher than 90%. Thus, targeted biopsy alone with NBI, which requires fewer specimens, is an alternative option for extensive GIM diagnosis.
Comparison of endoscopic ultrasound-directed transgastric endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography outcomes using various technical approaches
Authors: Bahdi Firas , George Rollin , Paneerselvam Kavea , Nguyen Dang , Abidi Wasif M. , Othman Mohamed O. , Raijman Isaac 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Roux-en-Y gastric bypass presents an anatomic challenge for patients needing ERCP. EUS-directed transgastric ERCP (EDGE) offers high clinical success but carries considerable risk of adverse events (AEs) with no standardized technical approach. In our study, we review the safety and efficacy of our various EDGE technical approaches.
Patients and methods A retrospective single-center study of all patients who underwent EDGE procedures between February 2018 and November 2019. Primary outcomes included comparing the technical and clinical success, AEs, and lumen-apposing metal stent (LAMS) migration rates per access route (gastrogastric vs jejuno-gastric), number of procedure stages (single-stage vs two-stage), and stent size (15 mm vs 20 mm). Secondary outcomes included LAMS migration characteristics and management.
Results Thirty-two EDGE procedures were performed in 29 patients, including 17 single-stage and 15 two-stage procedures, 23 gastrogastric, and nine jejuno-gastric routes, fourteen 15-mm and 17 20-mm LAMS. Overall technical and clinical success rates were 96.9 % and 87.1 %, respectively, without any significant difference between groups. The overall AE rate was (34.4 %) and was significantly lower in the 20-mm LAMS group compared to the 15-mm group (17.6 % vs 57.1 %, P = 0.03). Compared to two-stage procedures, there was no significant difference in AEs with single-stage procedures (35.3 % vs 33.3 %, P = 0.33). The LAMS migration rate was (25 %) with no significant difference between groups. Most migrations were around the index procedure and managed endoscopically (62.5 %).
Conclusions EDGE offers high clinical success rates but AE rates remain significant. In our series, a 20-mm LAMS resulted in a significantly lower AE rate than the 15-mm LAMS. Large multicenter studies are recommended to identify technical factors leading to an optimal EDGE procedure.
Intra-sphincteric botulinum toxin in the management of functional biliary pain
Authors: Menon Shyam , Holt Andrew , Farmer Adam D. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims The management of functional biliary-type pain remains a clinical challenge. Intra sphincteric botulinum toxin putatively exerts an anti-spasmodic and anti-nociceptive effect. The objective of this study was to examine the clinical response to intra sphincteric botulinum toxin in patients with functional biliary-type pain.
Patients and methods This was a cross-sectional (hypothesis-generating) study of prospectively collected data from patients referred to a tertiary center from 2014 to 2019. The efficacy of ampullary botulinum toxin injection for relief of pain was recorded at post-procedure outpatient review. Opioid analgesia, neuromodulatory medication, and frequency of hospital admissions were recorded.
Results A total of 119 consecutive patients (109 women, 10 men, mean age 45 years; range 17–77) underwent 411 intra-sphincteric botulinum toxin injection procedures (mean 2 procedures; range 1–15). A total of 103 patients (87 %) had a significant improvement in pain on post-procedure review and 77 % and 76 % of patients were opioid and admission free, respectively. Of the patients, 59 % were prescribed tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline), 18 % duloxetine, 13 % pregabalin, and 3 % mirtazapine. Loss of response with the initial dose of botulinum toxin occurred in 56 % of patients. Pain control was reestablished in 80 % of patients in this cohort following botulinum toxin injection at a higher dose.
Conclusions These data suggest that botulinum toxin may improve outcomes in patients with functional biliary pain. Further controlled studies are needed to clarify the role of Botox and neuromodulatory agents.
Verdacht auf artifizielle Störung – Automutilation im chirurgischen Alltag erkennen
Authors: Steubing Yonca , Goertz Ole , Lehnhardt Marcus 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Im Rahmen artifizieller Störungen werden Symptome oder Krankheiten künstlich erzeugt, verstärkt oder vorgetäuscht, was in Folge zu schwerwiegenden körperlichen Schäden und erheblichem Missbrauch medizinischer Ressourcen führen kann. Die klinische Symptomatik ist gekennzeichnet durch protrahierte Krankheitsverläufe mit häufigen Klinikwechseln und multiplen invasiven Eingriffen aufgrund von ungewöhnlichen, meist chronischen Befunden. Differenzierte Symptomdarstellungen, fehlende Kenntnis der Krankheitsmerkmale und der schnelllebige Klinikalltag können zur Aufrechterhaltung der Erkrankung durch Nichterkennen oder Fehlbehandlung führen.
Methode Anhand klinischer Falldarstellungen aus einer Universitätsklinik für Plastische Chirurgie und auf Grundlage von selektiver Literaturrecherche soll ein Überblick über das Krankheitsbild der artifiziellen Störung und mögliche Handlungsstrategien gegeben werden.
Ergebnisse Ergibt sich klinisch der Verdacht auf das Bestehen einer artifiziellen Störung, sollten invasive Therapien begrenzt und psychosomatische oder psychiatrische Expertise eingeholt werden. Im Rahmen einer empathischen Arzt-Patienten-Beziehung und psychotherapeutischer Begleitung können Betroffene sukzessive an die Diagnose und Therapie herangeführt werden und Behandlungsabbrüche vermieden werden.
Schlussfolgerung Kenntnis über mögliche Indizien, die sich in der Anamnese, den Befunden und dem Verhalten der Patienten darstellen können, kann zur erfolgreichen Identifizierung und adäquaten Therapieeinleitung Betroffener führen. Dafür sollte die artifizielle Störung auch in primär somatischen Bereichen der Medizin in differenzialdiagnostische Überlegungen miteinbezogen werden. Da die Diagnose häufig auf Indizien basiert und durch vorenthaltene Informationen oder die ärztliche Schweigepflicht erschwert ist, könnte perspektivisch das Einführen eines zentralen Melderegisters zu einer schnelleren Diagnose und verbesserten Therapie führen
Surgical Treatment of Dynamic Nasal Collapse
Authors: Ji Keven Seung Yong , Krane Natalie A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNasal obstruction is a prevalent issue that significantly impacts patient quality of life and contributes to a large-scale financial burden. Internal or external nasal valve collapse may play a role in nasal obstruction, with varying etiologies. Surgical correction of nasal valve collapse is indicated when septal and/or turbinate surgery alone are not sufficient in correcting the nasal obstruction. The choice of how to address nasal valve repair depends on presenting findings, associated aesthetic concerns, particularly of the nasal tip, patient anatomy, and surgeon preference. This article provides a methodical approach to the diagnosis of nasal valve collapse, indications for repair, and provides detailed explanation of the operative techniques used to address nasal valve collapse, while also discussing the advantages and disadvantages of each approach.
Enrichment of Complement, Immunoglobulins, and Autoantibody Targets in the Proteome of Platelets from Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Linge Carl Petrus , Jern Andreas , Tydén Helena , Gullstrand Birgitta , Yan Hong , Welinder Charlotte , Kahn Robin , Jönsen Andreas , Semple John W. , Bengtsson Anders A. 
Published: April 2022

Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex disease characterized by autoimmunity toward apoptotic cells, excessive amounts of circulating immune complexes, and complement activation. A decreased platelet size has been observed in SLE and their nonhemostatic functions may play an active role in the disease. The main objective of this study was to find clues that could explain their decreased size and functional role, analyzing the entire platelet proteome.
Methods Platelets were isolated from 23 patients with SLE. The five individuals with the highest and lowest average platelet forward scatter were selected for further analysis. Platelet protein content was analyzed using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and compared with platelets from five healthy controls. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD031202.
Results Out of 2,572 proteins identified, 396 had significantly different levels (ANOVA q-value ≤ 0.01). Forty proteins, including immunoglobulin-, complement- and phosphatidylserine-binding proteins had higher abundance in platelets from SLE patients, largely independent of size (fold difference of ≥1.5 and a t-test p-value of ≤0.05 as cut-off). Functional characterization revealed increased degranulation and skewed hemostatic balance in platelets from SLE patients. In the SLE proteome, immunoglobulin proteins were negatively correlated to serum complement C3 and C4 and the highest relative levels were detected in platelets of normal size.
Conclusion Platelets from SLE patients shared a specific protein profile, including immunoglobulins, complement proteins, and autoantigens, largely independent of the platelet size and in agreement with an integrated role for platelets in SLE.
Hearing Aid Benefit in Patients with High-Frequency Hearing Loss
Authors: Beamer Sharon L. , Grant Ken W. , Walden Brian E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPatients with hearing loss limited to frequencies above 2 kHz are often considered borderline candidates for hearing aids. In this study, we used the Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit to access 134 patients' perceived benefit with a variety of linear hearing aids, some more capable than others at achieving prescribed frequency gain targets. We also sought to explore various audiologic and subject factors that might have led patients to report different degrees of success or failure with their hearing aids. Results demonstrate that subjects with hearing loss limited to frequencies above 2 kHz benefit significantly from amplification. However, the amount of benefit reported is mostly unrelated to the hearing aid gain and frequency response. Of numerous audiologic and demographic factors explored in the present study, the number of hours of hearing aid use per day turned out to be the most important single factor that was significantly related to the amount of reported hearing aid benefit. However, the predictive value of knowing how many hours per day subjects wore their aids, or any other combination of factors explored, was quite limited and only accounted for a small amount of the variability observed in user benefit.
Abbreviations: AASC = Army Audiology and Speech Center, ANOVA = analysis of variance, AR = aural rehabilitation, AV = PHAB subscale Aversiveness, BN = PHAB subscale Background Noise, BTE = behind-the-ear hearing aid, DS = PHAB subscale Distortion, EC = PHAB subscale Ease of Communication, FT = PHAB subscale Familiar Talker, ITE = in-the-ear hearing aid, NAL-R = National Acoustic Laboratories-Revised presciptive hearing aid fitting formula, PHAB = Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit, RC = PHAB subscale Reduced Cues, RV = PHAB subscale Reverberation
Early-Onset Sensorineural Hearing Loss in a Child with Turner Syndrome
Authors: Roush Jackson , Davenport Marsha L. , Carlson-Smith Connie 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTurner syndrome is among the more common but less familiar syndromes that include sensorineural hearing loss and middle ear disease. This article provides a review of the syndrome, an illustrative case, and a review of specific issues relevant to audiologic management of patients with Turner syndrome.
Abbreviations: GH = growth hormone, TS = Turner syndrome
Speech Recognition Ability in Noise and Its Relationship to Perceived Hearing Aid Benefit
Authors: Cord Mary T. , Leek Marjorie R. , Walden Brian E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHearing-impaired listeners with similar hearing losses may differ widely in their ability to understand speech in noise. Such individual susceptibility to noise may explain why patients obtain varying degrees of benefit from hearing aids. The chief purpose of this study was to determine if adaptive measures of unaided speech recognition in noise were related to hearing aid benefit. Additionally, the relationship between perceived hearing handicap and benefit from amplification was explored. Before being fit with hearing aids, 47 new hearing aid users completed a self-assessment measure of hearing handicap Then, unaided speech recognition ability was measured in quiet and in noise. Three months later, subjects completed a hearing aid benefit questionnaire. A weak relationship was observed between perceived hearing handicap and hearing aid benefit. There were no significant relationships between speech-in-noise measures and hearing aid benefit, suggesting that speech recognition ability in noise is not a major determinant of the benefit derived from amplification.
Abbreviations: CPHI = Communication Profile for the Hearing Impaired, HAPI = Hearing Aid Performance Inventory, HINT = Hearing in Noise Test, NAL-R = National Acoustic Laboratories-Revised procedure, S/N = signal-to-noise ratio, SRT = speech recognition threshold
Auditory Temporal Processing and Lexical/Nonlexical Reading in Developmental Dyslexics
Authors: Cestnick Laurie , Jerger James 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRelationships between lexical/nonlexical reading and auditory temporal processing were examined. Poor nonlexical readers (poor nonword readers, phonologic dyslexics) had difficulty across tone tasks irrespective of speed of presentation or mode of recall. Poor lexical readers (poor irregular word readers, surface dyslexics) had difficulty recalling tones in a sequence only when they were presented rapidly. Covariate analysis supported these findings, revealing that nonlexical (nonword) reading performance is associated with general auditory performance, but lexical (irregular word) reading is particularly associated with auditory sequencing. These findings suggest that phonologic and surface dyslexics perform differently on nonspeech auditory tasks. Because the two different types of poor readers did not differ significantly on tests of memory and learning but did differ on auditory tasks, we suggest that their performance on the auditory tasks may reflect auditory processing abnormalities as opposed to more general learning or memory difficulties. In addition to these observed qualitative differences between groups on the tone tasks, collapsing groups (all readers) revealed significant correlations between nonword reading and the Same-Different tone tasks in particular, whereas irregular word reading was not associated with any tone tasks; there also appears to be a quantitative relationship between nonlexical reading and Same-Different tone task performance as better or worse nonword reading predicts better or worse performance on the Same-Different tone tasks. In particular, it is conceivable that an auditory temporal processing deficit might contribute to poor nonword reading.
Abbreviations: c-v = consonant-vowel, g-p = grapheme to phoneme, ISI = interstimulus interval, MMF = magnetic mismatch field, TOMAL = Test of Memory and Learning
Acquired Bilateral Peripheral Vestibular System Impairment: Rehabilitative Options and Potential Outcomes
Authors: Calder Jaynee H. , Jacobson Gary P. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAcquired bilateral vestibular impairment can be a devastating disorder that is most frequently the result of aminoglycoside-induced toxicity. The presenting complaints are typically oscillopsia and gait and balance disturbances. These patients can be excellent candidates for vestibular rehabilitation therapy that focuses on facilitating maximal use of any remaining vestibular function, improving gaze and postural stability through the use of visual and somatosensory cues, and improving home and workplace safety. The prognosis for recovery is determined by the extent of the loss and the presence of other progressive disorders that may affect vision or somatosensation, coexisting illnesses, and the patient's compliance with the therapy program. Two cases are presented to illustrate the salient aspects of vestibular rehabilitation for patients with acquired bilateral vestibular system loss, including factors affecting patient progress and final outcome.
Abbreviations: COR = cervico-ocular reflex, DHI = Dizziness Handicap Inventory, ENG = electronystagmography, IV = intravenous, VOR = vestibulo-ocular reflex
Workplace mistreatment for US women: best practices for counselors
Authors: Burns Stephanie T. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWorkplace mistreatment for women increases depression, anxiety, burnout, low self-esteem, low life satisfaction, and psychological distress, and decreases work productivity. Additionally, victims and bystanders of workplace mistreatment are likely to leave an organization. To fulfill the objective of documenting the current best practices that could assist counselors working with and advocating for US women experiencing workplace mistreatment, a systematic literature review (SLR) of materials published in the past 15 years was conducted. The 21 articles found resulted in two major themes. The first theme, Addressing Female Mistreatment in the Workplace, had three sub-themes. Four materials discussed Workplace Interventions, eight discussed Workplace Training, and three discussed the Reporting of Workplace Mistreatment. The second theme, Counseling Women Experiencing Workplace Mistreatment, was supported by 11 articles. When working with employers, counselors can encourage year-round improvements in workplace recruitment, orientation, and inclusion of culturally diverse employees; offer bystander training; and create a comprehensive program to report and resolve workplace mistreatment concerns. Counselors working directly with women experiencing workplace mistreatment will want to help the client focus on productive cognitive processes, obtain social support, directly confront the workplace mistreatment, and negotiate the unfortunate realities of workplace mistreatment.
Ascribing quantum system to Schwarzschild spacetime with naked singularity
Authors: Góźdź Andrzej , Pȩdrak Aleksandra , Piechocki Włodzimierz 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We quantize the Schwarzschild spacetime with naked singularity using the affine coherent states quantization method. The novelty of our approach is quantization of both temporal and spatial coordinates. Quantization smears the gravitational singularity indicated by the Kretschmann invariant avoiding its localization in the configuration space. This way we resolve the singularity problem of considered spacetime at quantum level.
Electron ionisation of cyanoacetylene: ionisation cross sections and dication formation
Authors: Ellis-Gibbings Lilian K , Cooper Bridgette , Tennyson Jonathan , Price Stephen D 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Cyanoacetylene (HC3N) is an important trace species in the atmosphere of Titan. We report, for the first time, absolute partial electron ionisation cross sections and absolute precursor-specific partial electron ionisation cross sections for cyanoacetylene, following an experimental and computational investigation. Our methodology involves using 2D ion–ion coincidence mass spectrometry to generate relative cross sections, over the electron energy range 50–200 eV. These relative values are then normalised to an absolute scale, using a binary encounter-Bethe (BEB) calculation of the total ionisation cross section. The BEB calculation agrees well with previous determinations in the literature. The mass spectrometric observations of HC2N+ and HCN+, ions with a connectivity markedly different to that of the neutral molecule, point towards a rich cationic energy landscape possessing several local minima. Indeed, [HC3N]2+ minima involving a variety of cyclic configurations are revealed by a preliminary computational investigation, along with two minima with linear and bent geometries involving H atom migration (CCCNH2+). Determination of the energy of a transition state between these local minima indicates that the dication is able to explore the majority of this rich conformational landscape at our experimental energies. This investigation of the energetics also determines an adiabatic double ionisation energy of 30.3 eV for the lowest lying singlet state of HCCCN2+, and 30.1 eV for the lowest-lying triplet state. The bulk of the cation pairs detected in the coincidence experiment appear to originate from markedly excited dication states, not the ground state. We observe 5 two-body dissociations of HCCCN2+, and subsequent decay of one of the ions generated in such two-body processes accounts for the majority of three-body dissociations we observe.
Enhanced ferromagnetic ordering of a Mn trimer symmetrically and fully exposed on iridium-doped graphene
Authors: Han Yan , Gao Junfeng , Jiang Yanhu , Wan Xiaodan , Wan Jian-Guo , Zhao Jijun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The structure and magnetism of a Mn trimer adsorbed on iridium-doped graphene are studied using density functional theory calculations. Our calculation results show that the Mn trimer prefers to locate on top of the Ir atom and forms a fully exposed high-symmetry configuration with large binding energy and hardness of rotation. The ferromagnetic ordering of the Mn trimer fully exposed the on iridium-doped graphene is enhanced five times compared to a free Mn trimer. Our study shows that the enhancement originates from the fixed long bond and the C
3v
symmetry of the Mn trimer constrained by the iridium-doped graphene.