bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technique for extraction of electric frequency parameters of conductive ink
Authors: Trufanova N S , Artishchev S A , Ragimov E R , Loschilov A G , Malyshenko A M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we consider a technique for extracting parameters that allows calculating nodes taking into account the properties of the material used in the technology of printer printing. As a result of the extraction of parameters, the real parameters of the material were revealed. At 1 GHz, the loss of a 20 µm microstrip line is 12 dB/m. With a threefold increase in thickness, the losses decreased to 7 dB/m.
Synthesizing of a sliding control law for a hydraulic automatic stabilization system
Authors: Tran V T , Korikov A M , Nguyen T T 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The sliding mode control has the property of control independence from the characteristics of the unchangeable part of the automatic stabilization system (ASS). In the article, this mode is proposed to be applied to ASS to stabilize the horizontal working plane using two hydraulic cylinders. A model of this ASS has been developed. The paper synthesizes a sliding control law for ASS and simulates ASS operation on MATLAB-SIMULINK. The simulation results indicate that ASS is a stable system and works quite efficiently.
Synthesis of an algorithm for automatic control of the quadcopter position using the control force estimation method
Authors: Tran V T , Korikov A M , Tran D K 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A mathematical model of the quadcopter motion control system has been developed. A new algorithm for controlling the movement of the quadcopter is proposed, which, in combination with sliding modes for controlling the position and direction of movement, ensures stable movement of the quadcopter in space. The simulation of the quadcopter motion control system on the MATLAB SIMULINK software was performed. The proposed algorithm for controlling the movement of the quadcopter ensures its steady movement as a single quadcopter along a given flight path in space in the presence of interference, and the movement of a group of quadcopters
The effect of high-temperature nanoparticle-based modification on the structure of zinc oxide powders
Authors: Mikhailov M M , Yuryev S A , Lapin A N , Goronchko V A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The authors have studied the effect of solid-state nanoparticle-based modification on the structure of zinc oxide powders. To carry out the experiment, seven types of nanoparticles of various oxides were applied. The modification was performed by heating the powder mixtures in the air at 650°C for 2 hours. The concentration of nanopowders was 10 wt.%, the average grain size of nanoparticles varied from 10 to 80 nm. It was established that high-temperature nanoparticle-based modification does not lead to significant structural changes and cannot affect the properties of zinc oxide powder. While modifying zinc oxide powders, an increase in photo- and radiation stability can occur primarily because of mechanisms associated with the deposition of nanoparticles on the surface of the micropowder. Due to structural changes, certain types of nanoparticles (e.g., alumina in the sample under investigation) can make a rather insignificant contribution to the stability of optical properties when exposed to radiation.
Measurement of mass-to-charge beam plasma ion composition during electron beam evaporation of refractory materials in the forevacuum pressure range
Authors: Zolotukhin D B 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We describe here the design of the modernized ion-optical system (IOS) of the standard residual gas analyzer (RGA). IOS electrodes are made of stainless steel. The electrodes are powered outside the vacuum chamber. Reducing the diameter of the entrance aperture to 0.6 mm made it possible to expand the measurement range. These design features of this system makes it possible to measure the mass-to-charge composition of beam plasma ions generated by electron beam evaporation of ceramics and refractory metals in the forevacuum pressure range under a prolonged exposure to high temperature. We present the results of the measured plasma composition during evaporation of aluminum oxide and zirconium ceramics, as well as of titanium.
Passage of a focused electron beam generated by a forevacuum plasma source through a narrow extended metal cavity
Authors: Yu Bakeev I , Zenin A A , Klimov A S , Tran V T 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We report on our investigations of the distribution of diameter of a focused electron beam along the propagation direction at the forevacuum pressures as a function of beam parameters and working gas pressure. The influence of electron beam parameters on the fraction of current transported through a narrow, extended tube is considered. We find that the angles of convergence and divergence of the focused beam depend on the position of the beam crossover point, and that maximum beam transmission through the tube is ensured at lower gas pressure and higher beam accelerating voltage. Up to 90% beam transmission efficiency is obtained for beam transport through a metal tube with diameter 8 mm and length 30 cm.
Generation of beam plasma near a dielectric target irradiated by a pulsed large-radius electron beam in the forevacuum pressure range
Authors: Kazakov A V , Oks E M , Panchenko N A 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe have investigated generation of beam plasma near a dielectric (ceramic) target irradiated by a pulsed large-radius electron beam in the forevacuum pressure range 3–15 Pa. The electron beam was accelerated with voltage up to 8 kV. Under a certain threshold accelerating voltage increase in the plasma density was observed near the dielectric target as compared with beam plasma density without the target. A decrease in gas pressure leads to smaller value of this threshold voltage. The observed dependencies are apparently caused by two factors: secondary electrons being emitted from the ceramic target and charging of surface of the ceramic target by the e-beam. The secondary electrons, emitted from the ceramic target, provide “additional” ionization of the gas. The charge on the dielectric target surface creates a field that accelerates the slow secondary electrons, which provides an increase in plasma density near the ceramic target. The negative charge on the target slows down the beam electrons, and thus increases total ionization cross section of gas by electron impact. The value of negative charge on the dielectric surface increases with decreasing gas pressure.
Influence of the composition of Al2O3-ZrO2 ceramics on the distribution of thermal fields during its electron beam sintering
Authors: Klimov A S , Yu Bakeev I , Zenin A A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The article presents the results of sintering a composite graded ceramic based on Al2O3 / ZrO2 using a focused electron beam. To prevent surface charging, sintering was carried out in the forevacuum pressure range. It was demonstrated that under electron beam exposure, the surface temperature reaches 1600 degrees within 20 minutes. The distribution of elements over the depth of sintered specimens is presented. The dependence of the temperature difference over the sample as a function of the number of layers in the sample is shown. The value of the temperature drop along the depth of the sintered sample is calculated and recommendations are given for reducing the temperature drop.
Analysis of the pulse signal propagation in a turn of a meander line of two segments based on lattice diagrams
Authors: Mikola P V , Kenzhegulova Z M , Surovtsev R S 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The analysis of the propagation of a pulse signal in a turn of a meander line of two segments is carried out. For this purpose, the plotting of lattice diagrams for the even and odd modes is carried out, as well as their subsequent comparison with the time responses to the pulse excitation in each node of the line. A complete coincidence of the amplitudes and arrival times of pulses obtained by different methods was obtained.
High performance FPGA embedded system for machine learning based tracking and trigger in sPhenix and EIC
Authors: Xuan T. , Durao F. , Sun Y. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We present a comprehensive end-to-end pipeline to classify triggers versus background events in this paper. This pipeline makes online decisions to select signal data and enables the intelligent trigger system for efficient data collection in the Data Acquisition System (DAQ) of the upcoming sPHENIX and future EIC (Electron-Ion Collider) experiments. Starting from the coordinates of pixel hits that are lightened by passing particles in the detector, the pipeline applies three-stage of event processing (hits clustering, track reconstruction, and trigger detection) and labels all processed events with the binary tag of trigger versus background events. The pipeline consists of deterministic algorithms such as clustering pixels to reduce event size, tracking reconstruction to predict candidate edges, and advanced graph neural network-based models for recognizing the entire jet pattern. In particular, we apply the message-passing graph neural network to predict links between hits and reconstruct tracks and a hierarchical pooling algorithm (DiffPool) to make the graph-level trigger detection. We obtain an impressive performance (⩾70% accuracy) for trigger detection with only 3200 neuron weights in the end-to-end pipeline. We deploy the end-to-end pipeline into a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) and accelerate the three stages with speedup factors of 1152, 280, and 21, respectively.
Experimental characterization of an X-ray photon counting detector
Authors: Wang X. , Wei T. , Deng Z. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the experimental test results of the X-ray photon counting detectors based on our pixel readout ASIC. The chip integrates a 64 × 128 array of pixels in the size of 150 µm × 150 µm and each pixel consists of four 12-bit energy windows. Two types of CdTe detectors have been bump bonded to the ASICs and have been tested.
The electronic characteristics of the readout chip were evaluated first by injecting charge through the calibration capacitors. The non-uniformity of the energy thresholds among pixels was measured and then were compensated by tuning the local DACs.
The detector performance was then characterized using X-ray tubes. The energy responses of the detectors were measured using the characteristic X-ray of the target materials. The global energy thresholds were then calibrated with these specific energies of photons. Polarization effects under different photon fluxes were also studied. Preliminary imaging was conducted. The detector response under uniform irradiation was investigated. The spatial uniformity of the detectors was analyzed and the flat field correction was then conducted to improve image quality. CT detailed test results will be discussed in this paper.
Optimizing observables with machine learning for better unfolding
Authors: Arratia Miguel , Britzger Daniel , Long Owen , Nachman Benjamin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Most measurements in particle and nuclear physics use
matrix-based unfolding algorithms to correct for detector effects.
In nearly all cases, the observable is defined analogously at the
particle and detector level. We point out that while the
particle-level observable needs to be physically motivated to link
with theory, the detector-level need not be and can be optimized.
We show that using deep learning to define detector-level
observables has the capability to improve the measurement when
combined with standard unfolding methods.
The level-1 trigger for the SuperCDMS experiment at SNOLAB
Authors: Wilson J.S. , Meyer zu Theenhausen H. , von Krosigk B. , Azadbakht E. , Bunker R. , Hall J. , Hansen S. , Hines B. , Loer B. , Olsen J.T. , Oser S.M. , Partridge R. , Pyle M. , Sander J. , Serfass B. , Toback D. , Watkins S.L. , Zhao X. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The SuperCDMS SNOLAB dark matter search experiment aims to
be sensitive to energy depositions down to
𝒪(1 eV). This imposes requirements on the resolution,
signal efficiency, and noise rejection of the trigger system. To
accomplish this, the SuperCDMS level-1 trigger system is implemented
in an FPGA on a custom PCB. A time-domain optimal filter algorithm
realized as a finite impulse response filter provides a baseline
resolution of 0.38 times the standard deviation of the noise,
σn, and a 99.9% trigger efficiency for signal
amplitudes of 1.1 σn in typical noise
conditions. Embedded in a modular architecture, flexible trigger
logic enables reliable triggering and vetoing in a dead-time-free
manner for a variety of purposes and run conditions. The trigger
architecture and performance are detailed in this article.
Investigation of thermal neutron detection efficiency of Boron Carbide converter material using GEANT4 simulation for different types of detector configurations
Authors: Nayak A. , Parida M.K. , Kumar V. , Prasanna G. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A lot of advancement in the field of semiconductors has made it possible to design a solid state neutron detector. They are small in size and compact, have economical bulk fabrications, require low power for their operation. Hence it can act as a plausible alternative to traditional neutron detector such as gas filled and scintillation detectors. It has been observed that many factors like the choice of converter material, LLD settings and geometrical configurations have an impact on the thermal neutron detection efficiency of solid state neutron detector design. Therefore in the present research work, a systematic GEANT4 simulation have been performed on estimating the simulated thermal neutron detection efficiency (η) for five different solid state detector geometrical configurations design with Boron Carbide (10B4C) as a converter material. These detectors geometry configurations designs are planar, rectangular parallel trenches, cylindrical perforation, stack and spherical (single and multi-layer). The objective of the simulations was to obtain critical geometrical features for which the efficiency reaches the maximum value, of the given detector configurations. The influence of the different enrichment levels of 10B (20% to 80%) in Boron Carbide and different Low-Level Discriminator (LLD) value setting (from 100 keV to 700 keV) on the simulated thermal neutron detection efficiency was also investigated. Finally, the simulated multi channel analyzer spectra or in other words histoplots were obtained for all the detector configurations.
Changes in hydrogeological conditions at the territories adjacent to tailings storage facilities in Kryvyi Rih iron ore basin
Authors: Hrytsai O , Petrukhin A , Kulkova T 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Tailings of mining and processing plants of Kryvbas are new areas of groundwater supply which have led to significant changes in the hydrodynamic and hydrogeochemical regimes of aquifers. The purpose of the research was to assess the degree of damage to the areas adjacent to the tailings of mining enterprises by dangerous The purpose of the research was to assess the degree of damage to the areas adjacent to the tailings of mining enterprises by dangerous hydrogeological processes, flooding and inundation. The quantitative regime of groundwater is in a stable state and corresponds to the modern conditions of operation of industrial facilities. During the research, chemical pollution in groundwater of all aquifers was recorded. At the time of research, there was an increased content of such microcomponents as: carcinogenic cadmium and nickel (up to 1.9-34 MPC; and 2.6-8.4 MPC, respectively); non-carcinogenic lead (up to 1.7-7 MPC); manganese (up to 2-320 MPC); bromine (up to 14-94 MPC) in the groundwater of all aquifers in the north. In the center, there was the accumulation of abnormally high concentrations of elements such as iron, manganese (up to 36-1420 MPC rate of 0.3 mg / dm3 and 1.3-66 MPC rate of 0.1 mg / dm3, respectively, and a significant increase in the value of dry residue and the content of major macrocomponents in all aquifers. In the south for the modern period there is pollution of groundwater of the Quaternary and Neogene systems with such elements as total iron (15-2800 MPC), manganese (1.9-132 MPC), sometimes vanadium, cadmium. The geochemical essence of the formation of the chemical composition of polluted waters lies in the intensity of changes in the hydrogeochemical system and in the change in the migratory properties of chemical elements. The newest techniques and scientific developments on localization and the prevention of migration of heavy metals with the subsequent pollution of waters are required.
Determination of the movement and deformation areas of strata when exploiting longwall of Seam 11 under the open-pit mine at Ha Lam Coal Mine, Vietnam
Authors: Tien Vu Trung 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Exploiting the face under the finished open-pit area always has potential risks of unsafety. It can be the risk of water flowing into the face or the occurrence of water cracking and mud, which is a very dangerous phenomenon in mining. The larger the dimension of the influence area of exploiting the face is, the greater the risk of water problems entering the face is. Through the assessment and analysis of the coal exploitation at the synchronized mechanized face of Seam 11 located under the open pits that have finished exploitation at the Ha Lam coal mine, the article has determined the movement and deformation areas of strata in the surrounding area to assess the influence of water in the open pit into the face. In order to avoid the risk of water cracking, the impact of these risks on the workers’ safety and the exploiting process, the determination of the movement and deformation areas of surrounding rocks when exploiting the longwall face of the coal Seam 11 is very necessary for the Ha Lam coal mine. By collecting and analyzing geological conditions of the rocks around the face, combined with numerical modelling methods, the author has determined the dimension of the collapse and cracking areas when exploiting the face. The results of the research from this article have helped the Ha Lam coal mine take the initiative to choose and organize a rational mining solution. On that basis, it is possible to prevent the influence of water in an open-pit mine to ensure safety during exploiting the face of coal Seam 11.
A study of rock response to failure in the context of the bending properties and comparison with uniaxial tensile and compression behaviour
Authors: Tomiczek K 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The phenomenon of rock bending occurs during underground exploitation, construction of underground excavations and tunnels, and even rising heading – shafts. It is also common in building engineering, e.g., in the case of floors. Rocks and concretes as granular materials on the aggregate scale are fractured as a result of exceeding shear and tensile strength. In a complex state of stress – bending, crack propagation occurs from tensioned to compressed fibres. Three-point bending tests of medium-grained quasi homogeneous and isotropic sandstone were tested for strength and deformation properties of rocks. The E deformability modules for compressed and tensioned fibres as well as strains at failure were determined. The results of three-point bending were compared with the results of uniaxial compression and direct tension. Clear differences were found in the values of strengths, moduli of deformation and strains at failure. The bending strength B of about 9.5MPa is almost 3 times greater than the direct tensile strength σT
of about 3.2MPa and is 1/10 of the ultimate uniaxial compression strength σC
. With three-point bending, the values of the moduli E are equal to: for tensioned fibres about 6.7GPa, for compressed fibres 14.6GPa; in uniaxial compression tests about 13.0GPa and in direct tensile tests 4.8GPa. Rock material was also failure at various strains values at the ultimate strength. In the case of three-point bending tests, the strains at failure were equal to: for tensioned fibres about 0.125%, and for compressed fibres 0.065%; in uniaxial compression tests εz
were equal to about 0.63% and in direct tension tests 0.07%.
Electronic circuits of measuring modules of air pollution monitoring system based on low-cost sensors
Authors: Zaporozhets A O , Sverdlova A D , Ivaschenko T G , Kovach V O , Artemchuk V O 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Currently, the state system for monitoring atmospheric air pollution in Ukraine is obsolete both in terms of technical and methodological support. In Ukraine, air pollution measurement standards have not been updated for more than 30 years, which led to gradual degradation of the monitoring system. Although relatively new technical means for measuring the concentration of various pollutants are partially used in certain industrial cities, the data they generate do not allow to make a full conclusion about the level of local pollution, the full range of pollutants, the localization of pollution sources, etc. This led to the need to create modern measuring modules of the air pollution monitoring system capable to generate large data sets and solving a number of modern methodological problems of the monitoring system. The hardware complex of the measuring module of the atmospheric air monitoring system based on low-cost sensors has been implemented. It is designed to receive, process, accumulate data, transmit and visualize the necessary information of the air pollution monitoring system. Connection diagrams of various hardware elements of the measuring module of the air pollution monitoring system (STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller, HC-12 module, SIM800C module) are shown. Printed circuit board in Altium Designer CAD, the drawings and the layout of the printed circuit board also are shown. The proposed technical prototype of the measuring modules of the monitoring system can become an addition to an existing monitoring system, or, in the case of creating a large-scale network of such tools, completely replace it.
Problem of municipal solid waste of Ukraine and ways to solve it
Authors: Kovalenko V V , Radchenko O O , Kireikou A A , Yu Stanishevskiy V , Lahoiko A M , Sinitsky J 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Currently, Ukraine is among the countries with the largest absolute volume of waste generation and accumulation. Situation with landfills in Ukraine is uncontrolled. This is evidenced by unspecified landfills. The situation is constantly worsening due to harmful chemical emissions of landfills. The paper describes how pollution by landfills affects environmental components. Foreign experience, domestic waste management and methods of waste disposal were analyzed. The publication contains statistical data about dumps, landfills of household waste in Ukraine and describes normative-legal acts regulating issue of waste management. This paper outlines several recommendations for decreasing of environmental pollution from landfills on the territory of Ukraine. Following measures should be taken to solve the problem: sorting municipal solid waste; recycling; control and landfills registration; landfill placement; construction of waste-recycling and waste-burning plants; increasing awareness through environmental education on responsible attitude to waste.