bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary evaluation of a flow cytometric assay with microsphere controls for the detection of platelet‐bound antibodies in canine immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Brooks Marjory B. , Maruyama Haruhiko , Cremer Signe E. , Goggs Robert , Forman Marnin A. , Koch Michael , Merriam Julia , Makielski Kelly , Viall Austin , LeVine Dana N. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundCanine immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) ranges from a mild to severe bleeding disorder, and platelet counts do not reliably predict clinical disease course. The detection of platelet autoantibodies may further define the disease phenotype, but variability in assay configurations and a lack of well‐characterized controls limit the diagnostic utility of anti‐platelet antibody assays.ObjectivesWe aimed to develop control reagents to facilitate the characterization of canine platelet surface‐associated immunoglobulin (PSAIg) in flow cytometric assays.MethodsSilica microspheres were coated with canine IgG and IgM to assess the reactivity of goat and rabbit origin anti‐canine immunoglobulin reagents. They were also used as positive controls in the PSAIg assay. Preliminary assay evaluation and determination of sample stability used PRP isolated from seven healthy dogs and 26 dogs newly diagnosed with thrombocytopenia.ResultsBlood sample stability was established for up to a 48‐hour storage time. The conjugated positive control microspheres demonstrated stable fluorescent labeling over a 2‐year observation period. Rabbit and goat origin anti‐dog IgM fluorescent antibody labels reacted nonspecifically with canine IgG. Rabbit origin anti‐dog IgG antibody demonstrated greater class specificity for canine IgG than a goat origin antibody. Thrombocytopenic dogs had a broad range of membrane‐bound immunoglobulin. Median PSAIgG for dogs with primary or secondary ITP (18.4%, 34.1%, respectively) were significantly higher than controls (3.8%,P < .05).ConclusionsThe described assay reagents and procedures provide positive controls and allow consistent thresholding to define a positive test result, suitable for any flow cytometer. A rabbit anti‐dog IgG fluorescent label demonstrated specificity for canine IgG and was useful for the detection of PSAIgG in thrombocytopenic dogs.
Medical management and resolution of perinatal bilateral exophthalmia and secondary corneal ulcers in an Antillean manatee (Trichechus manatus manatus) neonate from Puerto Rico
Authors: Cabrias‐Contreras Lesly J. , Bras Dineli , de Ángel‐Ramírez José E. , Escobar‐Torres Sylma M. , Fernández‐Martínez Ricardo , Hernández‐Lara Edward , Rivera‐Guzmán Antonio L. , Rivera‐Pérez Carla I. , Mignucci‐Giannoni Antonio A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo present a novel case of perinatal bilateral exophthalmos and corneal ulcers in a neonate Antillean manatee and describe the medical treatment that led to the resolution of the observed clinical signs and vision restoration.Animal studiedA manatee stranded alone in Puerto Rico on July 5, 2020.ResultsThe manatee was found in critical condition with pronounced exophthalmos, lagophthalmos, and corneal opacification of both eyes (OU). Vision impairment was evident due to the lack of ocular menace reflex and bumping into the tank's walls. Biomicroscopy revealed conjunctival hyperemia and chemosis, limited third eyelid movement, but had viscous tears present OU. Dense, full‐thickness, white to cream‐colored cellular infiltrates affected 70% of the cornea with peripheral active vascularization OU. Rubeosis iridis was also present OU. Treatment consisted of supportive medical management, including nutritional support and topical treatment for ulcerative keratitis. Resolution of the corneal ulcers and functional vision were achieved after 6 weeks of therapy. Currently, bilateral, mild, intermittent exophthalmos is observed with no adverse clinical signs, and the calf is in good health.ConclusionsThe extent of bilateral corneal disease on a neonatal calf may be a result of an intrauterine infection or possible trauma at or right after birth. While the latter may have led to exophthalmia and consequent corneal disease, the exact cause could not be determined. Supportive therapy and medical management of infectious keratitis were successful and led to vision recovery. This is the first report of ocular pathology in a neonatal manatee.
Determination of cutoff values on computed tomography and magnetic resonance images for the diagnosis of atlantoaxial instability in small‐breed dogs
Authors: Planchamp Bastien , Forterre Franck , Vidondo Beatriz , Hernandez‐Guerra Angel M. , Plessas Ioannis N. , Schmidt Martin J. , Waschk Maja A. , Precht Christina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine cutoff values for the diagnosis of atlantoaxial instability (AAI) based on cross‐sectional imaging in small‐breed dogs.Study designRetrospective multicenter study.Sample populationClient‐owned dogs (n = 123) and 28 cadavers.MethodsDogs were assigned to three groups: a control group, a “potentially unstable” group, and an AAI‐affected group, according to imaging findings and clinical signs. The ventral compression index (VCI), cranial translation ratio (CTR), C1‐C2 overlap, C1‐C2 angle, atlantoaxial distance, basion‐dens interval, dens‐to‐axis length ratio (DALR), power ratio, and clivus canal angles were measured on CT or T2‐weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to define cutoff values in flexed (≥25°) and extended (<25°) head positions.ResultsCutoff values for the VCI of ≥0.16 in extended and ≥0.2 in flexed head positions were diagnostic for AAI (sensitivity of 100% and 100%, specificity of 94.54% and 96.67%, respectively). Cutoff values for the other measurements were defined with a lower sensitivity (75%‐96%) and specificity (70%‐97%). A combination of the measurements did not increase the sensitivity and specificity compared with the VCI as single measurement.ConclusionCutoff values for several imaging measurements were established with good sensitivity and specificity. The VCI, defined as the ratio between the ventral and dorsal atlantodental interval, had the highest sensitivity and specificity in both head positions.Clinical significanceThe use of defined cutoff values allows an objective diagnosis of AAI in small‐breed dogs. The decision for surgical intervention, however, should remain based on a combination of clinical and imaging findings.
Maternal and foetal physiological response of sacral surface electrical stimulation during pregnancy: A preliminary study
Authors: Katsura Daisuke , Tsuji Shunichiro , Hayashi Kaori , Tokoro Shinsuke , Hoshiyama Takako , Kita Nobuyuki , Murakami Takashi 
Published: March 2022

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
The physiological response to sacral neuromodulation by pregnant women and foetuses has not been previously explored.
What is the main finding and its importance?
Sacral surface electrical stimulation had no adverse effect on pregnant women and foetuses at least 36 weeks of gestation. It may cause uterine relaxation resulting from decreased uterine artery pulsatility index and increased umbilical venous flow volume and thereby improve utero‐placental perfusion and improve lower back pain.
AbstractThis study aimed to examine the impact of sacral surface electrical stimulation on maternal and foetal physiology during pregnancy. Ten pregnant women at 36 weeks of gestation without multiple gestations, foetuses with malformations, foetal growth restriction, hypertensive disorders, polyhydramnios, or oligohydramnios were enrolled. This prospective study monitored maternal and foetal physiological responses before and after sacral surface electrical stimulation for single pregnancies. Sacral surface electrical stimulation was performed once per patient. Each parameter was measured directly before and then immediately after stimulation. Follow‐up measurements were conducted at 12 h, 1 day, 2 days and 7 days after stimulation. Variables of interest were compared before and after the stimulation. Regarding the foetal Doppler measurements, significant differences were not found in the umbilical and middle cerebral artery pulsatility index. However, foetuses showed a significant increase in the umbilical venous flow volume. The uterine contraction frequency and the maternal uterine artery pulsatility index significantly decreased. Pregnancy outcomes, and rates of caesarean section, foetal distress, and neonatal asphyxia were not confirmed. In conclusion, sacral surface electrical stimulation had no adverse effects on pregnant women or foetuses at 36 weeks of gestation and might improve utero‐placental perfusion and lower back pain.
Estimation of Regional Pulmonary Compliance in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Based on Personalized Lung Poromechanical Modeling
Authors: Patte Cécile , Brillet Pierre-Yves , Fetita Catalin , Bernaudin Jean-François , Gille Thomas , Nunes Hilario , Chapelle Dominique , Genet Martin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Pulmonary function is tightly linked to the lung mechanical behavior, especially large deformation during breathing. Interstitial lung diseases, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), have an impact on the pulmonary mechanics and consequently alter lung function. However, IPF remains poorly understood, poorly diagnosed, and poorly treated. Currently, the mechanical impact of such diseases is assessed by pressure–volume curves, giving only global information. We developed a poromechanical model of the lung that can be personalized to a patient based on routine clinical data. The personalization pipeline uses clinical data, mainly computed tomography (CT) images at two time steps and involves the formulation of an inverse problem to estimate regional compliances. The estimation problem can be formulated both in terms of “effective”, i.e., without considering the mixture porosity, or “rescaled,” i.e., where the first-order effect of the porosity has been taken into account, compliances. Regional compliances are estimated for one control subject and three IPF patients, allowing to quantify the IPF-induced tissue stiffening. This personalized model could be used in the clinic as an objective and quantitative tool for IPF diagnosis.
Nonlinear Dynamics in Mechanics: State of the Art and Expected Future Developments
Authors: Rega Giuseppe 
Published: March 2022

AbstractStarting from a recent classification of the development stages of nonlinear dynamics in mechanics, this review builds on the idea that the level of scientific maturity of the area is now such as to involve a gradual shift of its core interests from the inherent theoretical and practical findings to the application benefits that they can bring to solving dynamic problems in a variety of technological environments. First, an overview of the current state of knowledge and the achievements of the community of relevant scholars in about the last ten years is presented, distinguishing between traditional and emerging themes fully inherent to mechanics, and more hybridized scientific contexts. Then, a “vision” of expected future developments is attempted, by organizing the presentation along some main lines. (i) Identifying modeling, methodological, and computational advancements needed to address challenging, new or updated, research issues, with a view to deepening and further expanding the ranges of theoretical development and practical interest of nonlinear dynamics. (ii) Overviewing directions toward which promoting full exploitation of intrinsic or intentionally added nonlinearities, to the aim of improving and possibly optimizing specific behaviors and general operating conditions of actual systems/structures in a variety of dynamic environments, by also referring to the uncertainty quantification issue. (iii) Pursuing “novel” lines of developments of nonlinear dynamics in a fully hybridized and cross-disciplinary framework, with also possible expectation of new related phenomenologies.
Role of Suction/Injection on Free Convective Flow in a Vertical Channel in the Presence of Point/Line Heat Source/Sink
Authors: Jha Basant K. , Altine Muhammad M. , Hussaini Ayyub M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This research work investigates the effect of point/line heat source/sink on free convection flow between two vertical channels with suction/injection. The Heaviside step function is used to model the constant heat source/sink, which is then transformed into line source/sink. The governing equations describing flow formation and heat transfer are obtained and solved using the Laplace transform approach. The effect of physical parameters such as suction/injection, Prandtl number, and heat source/sink on velocity and temperature fields are studied graphically, while the skin friction, Nusselt number, and mass flowrate are analyzed through tabular representation. Results indicate that as the value of point/line source parameters rise, velocity and temperature profile of fluid flow are enhanced.
Evaluating and Characterizing an Individually-Tailored Community Exercise Program for Older Adults With Chronic Neurological Conditions: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Coomaran Vithusha , Khan Ali , Tyson Erin , Bardutz Holly , Hopper Tristan D. , Mang Cameron S. 
Published: March 2022

A mixed-methods approach was used to study an individually-tailored community exercise program for people with a range of chronic neurological conditions (e.g., stroke, spinal cord injury, brain injury, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease) and abilities. The program was delivered to older adults (mean age: 62 ± 9 years) with chronic neurological conditions across a 12-week and an 8-week term. Participants attended 88% of sessions and completed 89% of prescribed exercises in those sessions. There were no adverse events. Clinically important improvements were achieved by all evaluated participants (n = 8) in at least one testing domain (grip strength, lower-extremity strength, aerobic endurance, and balance). Interviews with participants identified key program elements as support through supervision, social connection, individualized programming, and experiential learning. Findings provide insight into elements that enable a community exercise program to meet the needs of a complex and varied group. Further study will support positive long-term outcomes for people aging with neurological conditions.
Large-scale, flat-lying mafic intrusions in the Baltican crust and their influence on basement deformation during the Caledonian orogeny
Authors: Lescoutre Rodolphe , Almqvist Bjarne , Koyi Hemin , Berthet Théo , Hedin Peter , Galland Olivier , Brahimi Sonia , Lorenz Henning , Juhlin Christopher 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The Fennoscandian Shield in central Sweden displays a complex structural and compositional architecture that is mainly related to the Proterozoic history of the Baltica paleocontinent. In its western parts, the Precambrian basement is covered by the allochthonous rocks of the Caledonide orogen, and direct information about the underlying crust is restricted to a few unevenly distributed basement windows in western Sweden and Norway. In this study, we use preliminary results from the second borehole of the Collisional Orogeny in the Scandinavian Caledonides project (COSC-2), new gravity data, forward gravity, and magnetic modeling and interpretation of seismic reflection profiles to assess the 3-D architecture of the basement. Our results reveal a wide (~100 km) and dense network of mainly flat-lying and saucer-shaped dolerites intruding the volcanic and granitic upper crustal rocks of the Transscandinavian Igneous Belt. Similar intrusion geometries related to 1.2 Ga dolerites can be recognized in the Fennoscandian Shield. We discuss that the formation of these sill complexes occurred in a lithologically and structurally heterogeneous crust during transtension, which is in disagreement with the current understanding of sill emplacement that involves crustal shortening, layering, or anisotropy of the host rock. Our seismic interpretation and the structural observations from the COSC-2 drilling show that part of the Caledonian-related basement deformation was localized along the margins of the dolerite sheets. We propose that the dolerite intrusion geometry, akin to a flat-ramp geometry, guided the basement deformation during the Caledonian orogeny.
Assessing the effect of melt extraction from mushy reservoirs on compositions of granitoids: From a global database to a single batholith
Authors: Cornet J. , Bachmann O. , Ganne J. , Fiedrich A. , Huber C. , Deering C.D. , Feng X. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Mafic and ultramafic plutonic rocks are often considered to be crystal cumulates (i.e., they are melt-depleted), but such a classification is much more contentious for intermediate to silicic granitoids (e.g., tonalite, granodiorite, granite, and syenite). Whether or not a given plutonic rock has lost melt to feed shallower subvolcanic intrusive bodies or volcanic edifices has key implications for understanding igneous processes occurring within the crust throughout the evolution of the Earth. We use statistical analyses of a global volcanic and plutonic rock database to show that most mafic to felsic plutonic rock compositions can be interpreted as melt-depleted (i.e., most of the minerals analyzed are more evolved than their bulk-rock compositions would allow). To illustrate the application of the method to natural samples (from the Tertiary Adamello Batholith in the southern Alps), we estimate the degree of melt depletion using a combination of magmatic textures, bulk-rock chemistry, modal mineralogy, distributions of plagioclase composition (using scanning electron microscope phase mapping/electron microprobe analyses), and thermodynamic modeling. We find that melt depletion correlates with the magmatic foliation and is accompanied by bulk depletion in incompatible elements, low amounts of near-solidus minerals, and mineral compositions that are too evolved (i.e., depleted in Ca or Mg, depending on the mineral) to be in equilibrium with their bulk-rock chemistry. The analytical and modeling workflow proposed in this study provides a path to quantifying melt depletion in any plutonic samples.
Most plutons cannot be assumed to represent liquids; degree of crystal-liquid separation must be a major consideration in their interpretation, whether or not cumulate textures are obvious. (Bacon and Druitt, 1988, p. 253) Igneous rocks, especially plutonic rocks, rarely represent quenched melts. (Miller et al., 2003, p. 529)
Bolide impact effects on the West Florida Platform, Gulf of Mexico: End Cretaceous and late Eocene
Authors: Poag C. Wylie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study documents seismic reflection evidence that two different bolide impacts significantly disrupted stratigraphic and depositional processes on the West Florida Platform (Gulf of Mexico). The first impact terminated the Late Cretaceous Epoch (Chicxulub impact, Mexico; ca. 66 Ma; end-Maastrichtian age). The second took place in the late Eocene (Chesapeake Bay impact, Virginia, USA, portion of the Chesapeake Bay; ca. 35 Ma; Priabonian age). Both impacts produced far-reaching seismic shaking and ground roll followed by an impact-generated tsunami, the effects of which are evident in the seismostratigraphic record. The Chicxulub seismic shaking caused collapse and shoreward retreat of the Florida Escarpment and widely disrupted (faulting, folding, slumping) normal flat-lying shelf beds. The associated tsunami currents redistributed these shelf deposits and mixed them together with collapse debris from the escarpment to form a thick wedge of sediments along the base of the escarpment. The Chesapeake Bay impact created a mounded sedimentary deposit near the outer edge of the late Eocene ramp slope. This deposit also has a bipartite origin. A lower layer is marked by en echelon faulting created in situ by seismic shaking, whereas an upper layer represents sediments redistributed from the late Eocene shelf and upper ramp slope by tsunami-driven bottom currents (debris flows, contour currents, slumps). This is the first report of seismic effects from the Chesapeake Bay impact in the Gulf of Mexico. These results further demonstrate that large-scale marine bolide impacts have widespread effects on the stratigraphic and depositional record of Earth.
Recent advances in the diagnosis and management of cluster headache
Authors: Schindler Emmanuelle A D , Burish Mark J 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTCluster headache, a primary headache disorder, consists of short (15-180 minutes), frequent (up to eight a day), unilateral attacks of facial pain with associated ipsilateral autonomic features and restlessness. The attacks are suspected to be one of the most painful human experiences, and the disorder is associated with a high rate of suicidal ideation. Proper diagnosis is key, as some of the most effective treatments, such as high flow oxygen gas, are rarely used in other headache disorders. Yet diagnostic delay is typically years for this disorder, as it is often confused with migraine and trigeminal neuralgia, and secondary causes may be overlooked. This review covers the clinical, pathophysiologic, and therapeutic features of cluster headache. Recent updates in diagnosis include the redefinition of chronic cluster headache (remission periods lasting less than three months instead of the previous one month), and recent advances in management include new treatments for episodic cluster headache (galcanezumab and non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation).
Mother and newborn skin-to-skin contact in sub-Saharan Africa: prevalence and predictors
Authors: Aboagye Richard Gyan , Boah Michael , Okyere Joshua , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku , Seidu Abdul-Aziz , Ameyaw Edward Kwabena , Mwamba Bupe , Yaya Sanni 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionSkin-to-skin contact is an evidence-based intervention that signifies a situation whereby a newborn is positioned directly on the mother’s abdomen or chest in order for them to have direct ventral-to-ventral skin contact. The act of skin-to-skin contact begins immediately after delivery to about 23 hours afterwards. Evidence shows that skin-to-skin contact is important in improving child health outcomes. Nevertheless, evidence on its prevalence and predictors in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) remains sparse. The study, therefore, estimated the prevalence of skin-to-skin contact between mothers and their newborns, as well as its predictors.MethodsUsing data from the recent Demographic and Health Survey conducted between 2015 and 2020 from 17 countries in SSA, we included 131 094 women who gave birth in the last 5 years preceding the survey in the final analysis. We used percentages to summarise the prevalence of skin-to-skin contact. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of skin-to-skin contact. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to present the results of the regression analysis.ResultsApproximately 42% (41.7 to 42.2) of mothers practiced newborn skin-skin contact. The highest prevalence was found in Benin (75.1% (74.1 to 76.0)) and the lowest prevalence in Nigeria (11.7% (11.2 to 12.1)). The likelihood of skin-to-skin contact was higher among women covered by health insurance, those who delivered in health facilities, those in the richest wealth index, women who attended 1–3 antenatal care (ANC) visits and four or more ANC visits, and those with secondary or higher education. The odds of skin-to-skin contact was low among women who delivered by caesarean section (adjusted OR=0.15; 95% CI 0.13 to 0.16).ConclusionConsidering that less than half of the surveyed women practiced skin-to-skin contact, it is expedient for intensification of advocacy and strict supervision of the practice within the included countries. Informal educational programmes can also be rolled out through various media platforms to sensitise the public and healthcare providers on the need for skin-to-skin contact. These will help maximise the full benefits of skin-to-skin contact and expedite prospects of achieving the Sustainable Development Goal targets 3.1 and 3.2.