bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
[99Tc]Sestamibi Bioaccumulation Induces Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells: an in Vitro Study
Authors: Urbano Nicoletta , Scimeca Manuel , Bonanno Elena , Bonfiglio Rita , Mauriello Alessandro , Schillaci Orazio 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
PurposeThe main aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate both the uptake of [99Tc]Sestamibi into prostate cancer cells and the relationship among [99Tc]Sestamibi bioaccumulation, cancer cells proliferation and apoptosis.Procedures An in vitro study in which PC3 prostate cancer cell line was cultured with increasing doses of decayed sestamibi has been developed. Specifically, PC3 cells were incubated with three different concentrations of [99Tc]Sestamibi: 10 µg/mL, 1 µg/mL, and 0.1 µg/mL Expression of apototic markers such as caspase-3 and AIF, as well as the ultrastructure of PC3 cells, were evaluated at T0 and after 24, 48, 72, and 120 hours after [99Tc]Sestamibi incubation.ResultsData here reported for the first time showed the bioaccumulation of sestamibi in prostate cancer cells. As concern the cancer cell homeostasis, the treatment of PC3 cells with [99Tc]Sestamibi strongly influenced the cells proliferation. Indeed, a significant reduction in the mitosis was observed. Noteworthy, the accumulation of sestamibi in prostate cancer cells was associated with the appearance of morphological signs of apoptosis. The immunocytochemical analysis of apoptotic biomarkers, AIF and caspase 3, in prostate cancer cells treated with 10 µg/mL of [99Tc]Sestamibi for confirmed that this radiopharmaceutical can induce the canonical apoptosis.DiscussionTo the best of our knowledge, this study for the first time reported in vitro data about the uptake of sestamibi in prostate cancer cells. The evidence about the accumulation of sestamibi in prostate cancer cells and its role in the apoptosis process can open new clinical perspectives on the use of this radiopharmaceutical in both the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancers.
Phagophore formation by the autophagy conjugation machinery
Authors: Mohan Jagan , Blanc Christine Girard , Moparthi Satish , Nugues Charlotte , Rama Sowmya , Vassilopoulos Stéphane , Wollert Thomas 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Autophagy is a fundamental cellular recycling pathway that captures cytoplasmic material by a phagophore membrane and delivers it to lysosomes for degradation. Nonselective phagophores are generated at specialized ER-domains termed omegasomes. Mechanistically, this process is not well understood. Here, we reconstituted the formation of phagophores from purified components on supported lipid bilayers and by ectopic induction of nonselective autophagy at the plasma membrane. We found that enzymatic conjugation of LC3B to model membranes induces the formation of phagophore-like membrane cups. LC3B functions as membrane anchor, ensuring a sustained interaction of the E3-like ligase complex ATG12¬–ATG5-ATG16L1 with membranes by forming extended membrane coats. ATG16L1 is the major membrane remodeling factor that induces positive membrane curvature, promotes cup formation and stabilizes the rim of membrane cups. Redirecting WIPI2 to the plasma membrane by expressing WIPI2-CAAX induced the formation of omegasome-like membrane cisternae to which LC3B was conjugated. Membrane cups, identical to those observed in vitro, emerged from these cisternae. ATG16L1 variants that did not induce the formation of cups in vitro also failed to promote cup formation in vivo and inhibited the biogenesis of nonselective autophagosomes in cells. We thus propose that ATG16L1 drives the formation of nonselective phagophores by shaping flat donor membranes into membrane cups.
Correlation of Somatostatin Receptor PET/CT Imaging Features and Immunohistochemistry in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms of the Lung: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Rufini Vittoria , Lorusso Margherita , Inzani Frediano , Pasciuto Tina , Triumbari Elizabeth Katherine Anna , Grillo Lucia Rosalba , Lococo Filippo , Margaritora Stefano , Pescarmona Edoardo , Rindi Guido 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose

to correlate somatostatin receptor (SSTR) and proliferative activity profile (SSTR2, SSTR5, Ki-67) at immunohistochemistry (IHC) with SSTR-PET/CT imaging features in a retrospective series of lung neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN). Proliferative activity by Ki-67 and 18F-FDG-PET/CT parameters (when available) were also correlated.
Methods

Among all consecutive patients who underwent SSTR-PET/CT with 68Ga-DOTA-somatostatin analogs (SSA) between July 2011 and March 2020 for lung NEN, 35 patients with a confirmed diagnosis were included. For 16 of them, 18F-FDG-PET/CT studies were available. PET/CT images were reviewed by qualitative and semi-quantitative analyses. Immunohistochemistry for SSTR2, SSTR5, and Ki-67 was assessed. An inferential analysis was performed including kappa statistic and Spearman's rank correlation test.
Results

Definitive diagnosis consisted of 32 low-intermediate-grade NEN (26 typical carcinoids-G1 and six atypical carcinoids-G2) and 3 high-grade NEN. Positive SSTR2-IHC was found in 63% of samples while SSTR5-IHC positivity was 17.6%. A correlation between SSTR2-IHC and SSTR-PET/CT was found in 26/35 cases (74.3%, p=0.003): 22 were concordantly positive, 4 concordantly negative. For positive IHC, 100% concordance with SSTR-PET/CT (both positive) was observed, while for negative IHC concordance (both negative) was 30.8%. In 9 cases, IHC was negative while SSTR-PET/CT was positive, even though with low-grade uptake in all but one. A significant correlation between SUVmax values at SSTR-PET/CT and the SSTR2-IHC scores was found, with low SUVmax values corresponding to negative IHC and higher SUVmax values to positive IHC (p=0.0007). When correlating 68Ga-DOTA-SSA or 18F-FDG SUVmax values with Ki-67, a significant result was found for 18F-FDG only (p=0.015).
Conclusion

This retrospective study showed an overall good agreement between SSTR2-IHC and tumor uptake at SSTR-PET/CT in lung NENs. SSTR-PET/CT SUVmax values can be used as a parameter of SSTR2 density. SSTR2-IHC may be proposed as surrogate of SSTR-PET/CT in selected lung NEN patients for clinical decision making when SSTR-PET/CT is not available.
COVID-19, Vaccination Rates, Infection Rates, Death Rates, and Behavioral Interventions: It’s Time to Cut the Bull!
Authors: Sinclair Robert C. , Melton R. Jeffrey 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) vaccines was assessed by comparing infection and death rates in the eight most- and eight least-fully-vaccinated German states. Infection and death rates were measured on three dates in fall 2021. Less-vaccinated states had substantially higher infection and death rates than more-vaccinated states. These effects occurred in the context of a time main effect and a vaccination rate x time interaction: Infection and death rates increased substantially over time, particularly in less-vaccinated states. These increased infection and death rates over time may be due to Germany having few measures other than vaccination in place for controlling the spread of COVID-19, despite the high community prevalence of the Delta variant. The results are discussed in the context of anti-vax rhetoric, policy, strategies for quelling the pandemic, the lack of a synergistic research relationship between the social and medical sciences, and issues related to vaccine equity.
Robot-Aided Assessment of Human Ankle Joint Position Sense and Motion Sense
Authors: Huang Qiyin , Zhong Bin , Elangovan Naveen , Zhang Mingming , Konczak Jürgen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background-Numerous neurological and orthopedic conditions impair ankle proprioception resulting in gait and balance deficits. However, current clinical practice lacks accurate and reliable methods to assess proprioceptive function. To address this gap, we developed a robotic assessment system that provides accurate, objective, and reliable measures of human ankle position and motion sense acuitythat reflectproprioceptive function at this joint.Methods-Ankle position sense and motion sense acuity were assessed in twenty healthy adult participantsemploying a psychophysical two-alternative forced-choice paradigm.An ankle robot deliveredtightly controlled passive, open kinematic ankle dorsiflexion/plantarflexion positions or velocities. The robot passively rotated aparticipant’s ankle to two distinctplantarflexed positions for position sense testing, orthe ankle was plantarflexed at two distinct velocities for motion sense testing. After experiencing the two stimuli, participants verbally indicated which ankle position was more plantarflexedor which motionwas perceived as faster. Based on a participant’s verbal responses, a psychometric function was fitted and the respective discrimination thresholds and intervals of uncertainty were derived. Additionally, test-retest reliability of the threshold measures was determined across three different experimental sessions for a subset of five participants.Results-Analysis yielded a mean position discrimination threshold of 0.80° (SD: ± 0.10°), and a mean motion discrimination threshold of 0.73°/s (SD: ± 0.11°/s). Test-retest reliability of the threshold measures based on the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was moderate to excellent in position sense (range, ICC = 0.86 [0.50 - 0.98]) and motion sense (range, ICC = 0.86 [0.57 - 0.99]) testing.Conclusion -The results demonstrated the utility and reliability ofa robot-aided assessment of human ankle proprioceptive function paving the way to employ such systemsfor the fast and accurate diagnosisof proprioceptive dysfunction in clinical populations.
Semaphorin 3F Induces Colorectal Cancer Cell Chemosensitivity by Promoting P27 Nuclear Export
Authors: Tao Miaomiao , Ma Hongbo , Fu Xiaoyuan , Wang Cancan , Li Yanyan , Hu Xiaoqiao , Lv Renming , Zhou Gendou , Wang Jun , Liu Ruyan , Zhou Meiyu , Xu Guofa , Wang Zexin , Qin Xiurong , Long Yi , Huang Qunzhen , Chen Min , Zhou Qi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC) is the third most common malignancy worldwide. Metastatic CRC (mCRC) has a poor prognosis and high mortality rate because of chemotherapy resistance, and the overall 5-year survival rate of mCRC is only 14%. Our previous study demonstrated that semaphorin 3F (SEMA3F) signaling may contribute to reversing chemotherapy resistance in CRC cells by reducing E-cadherin and integrin αvβ3 expression levels. Another study showed that three-dimensional (3D) spherical culture of breast cancer cells could upregulate p27 expression and significantly increase the expression of E-cadherin and integrin. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of SEMA3F on P27 and whether it can reverse resistance in CRC cells. Methods: We compared the chemosensitivity of human colorectal cancer cell lines with different SEMA3F expression levels to 5-Fu through cell experiment and animal experiment. Then the interaction between SEMA3F and p27 and its possible mechanism were explored by Western Blot, immunofluorescence and immunocoprecipitation. We also compared the disease-free survival of 118 CRC patients with high or low expression of SEMA3F. Results: Overexpresstion of SEMA3F enhanced the chemotherapy sensitivity and apoptosis of CRC cells in vitro. Similar results were also observed in in vivo experiments. Among 118 postoperative mCRC specimens, SEMA3F expression not only enhanced chemotherapy sensitivity but also decreased P27 and multidrug resistance gene expression levels. The disease-free survival of patients with positive SEMA3F expression was significantly longer than that of patients with negative SEMA3F expression after adjuvant treatment. Upregulation of SEMA3F in multicellular spheroid culture (MSC) could increase p27 phosphorylation at serine 10 (Ser10), subsequently promote the cytosolic translocation of P27. Conclusions: SEMA3F mediates the degradation of p27 and regulates its subcellular localization to enhance chemosensitivity to 5-Fu in CRC cells but does not inhibit p27 expression.
Impact of Phosphorous and Zinc Levels on the Productivity of Green Gram (Vigna radiate L.)
Authors: Khan Aman 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Mung bean is one of the important Kharif pulses in Pakistan and is grown mainly for its edible seeds; therefore, fertilizers management is an important factor for improving mungbean growth and yield. A field experiment was conducted during the summer of 2013 at Palato Farm of the University of Agriculture Peshawar, Amir Muhammad Khan Campus Mardan, to determine the effect of phosphorus (P) and Zinc (Zn) on the yield and yield component of mungbean. The experiment consisted of four levels of P (0, 25, 50, and 75 kg ha−1) and four levels of Zn (0, 5, 10, and 15 kg ha−1). Data associated with the number of leaves and plant height illustrated that the higher number of leaves plant−1 (8.8) by an average was observed when P was applied at the rate of 75 kg ha−1 followed by 0 kg phosphorous (P) ha−1 (8.7) and Zn (Zn) application at the rate of 10 kg ha−1produced a maximum number of leaves plant−1 (9) followed by 15 kg ha−1(8.8) where 0 kg ZN ha−1 resulted in (7.7). Similarly, Zn significantly affected plant height, while P and interaction between P and Zn levels were non-significant. The higher plant height (95.1 cm) was observed when P was applied at the rate of 75 kg ha−1, followed by 50 kg P ha−1 (93.6 cm). Higher plant height (95.8cm) was recorded when ZN was applied at the 5 kg ha−1 followed by 10 kg ha−1(95.1cm). Higher numbers of nodules (13.1) were observed with the application of 50 kg P ha−1 followed by 75 kg P ha−1 (12.3), while the lowest (10.6) nodules were observed in the control plot. P application at the rate of 25 kg ha−1 produced a higher grain yield than 75 and 50 kg ha-1 and Zn application at the rate of 5 kg ha-1 produced a higher grain yield than 10 and 15 kg ha−1. Therefore, a lower rate of P 25 kg ha−1 and Zn 5 kg ha−1 is recommended for a higher yield of mungbean in the agro-ecological condition of Mardan.
FPGA Performance Analysis of LDPC and Turbo Codes for Communication System
Authors: Devrari Aakanksha , Kumar Adesh , Kumar Amit 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The wireless communication system is based on several coding schemes such as turbo codes, LDPC codes, convolutional, polar, and systematic, etc. The coding techniques should satisfy the hardware system requirements while machine and device communication is taken place. The turbo codes provide a good coding gain close to Shannon’s limit, whereas LDPC codes have the ability to provide error corrected data over a noisy channel. The research article presents the comparative performance analysis of turbo and LDPC coding hardware architecture. The encoder and decoder hardware chip of turbo and LDPC is designed using Xilinix ISE 14.7 software, targeted Virtex- 5 FPGA. The performance of both coding methods is evaluated using iterative coding scheme. The FPGA hardware complexity is analyzed in terms of hardware and FPGA performance parameters such as slices, flip flops, LUTs and IoBs utilization. The performance the coding methods are also analyzed in terms of timing information related parameters such as path delay, minimum duration, minimum and maximum time of the clock signal, etc. The research work is very much helpful for 4G and 5G mobile communication requirements in device to device communication.
Blood Speckle Imaging Compared with Conventional Doppler Ultrasound for Transvalvular Pressure Drop Estimation in an Aortic Flow Phantom
Authors: Dockerill Cameron , Gill Harminder , Fernandes Joao F. , Nio Amanda Q. X. , Rajani Ronak , Lamata Pablo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

Transvalvular pressure drops are assessed using Doppler echocardiography for the diagnosis of heart valve disease. However, this method is highly user-dependent and may overestimate transvalvular pressure drops by up to 54%. This work aimed to assess transvalvular pressure drops using velocity fields derived from blood speckle imaging (BSI), as a potential alternative to Doppler.

Methods

A silicone 3D-printed aortic valve model, segmented from a healthy CT scan, was placed within a silicone tube. A CardioFlow 5000MR flow pump was used to circulate blood mimicking fluid to create eight different stenotic conditions (transvalvular flow velocities between 1.6 and 2.4 m/s and pressure drops between 9.7 and 22.7 mmHg). Eight PendoTech pressure sensors were embedded along the tube wall to record ground-truth pressures (10 KHz). The Bernoulli equation with measured probe angle correction was used to estimate pressure drop from maximum velocity values acquired across the valve using Doppler and BSI with a GE Vivid E95 ultrasound machine and 6S-D cardiac phased array transducer.

Results

There were no significant differences between pressure drops estimated by Doppler, BSI and ground-truth at the lowest stenotic condition (10.4 ± 1.76, 10.3 ± 1.63 vs. 10.7 ± 1.12 mmHg, respectively; p>0.05). Significant differences were observed between the pressure drops estimated by the three methods at the greatest stenotic condition (26.4 ± 1.52, 14.5 ± 2.14 vs. 20.1 ± 1.78 mmHg for Doppler, BSI and ground-truth, respectively; p<0.05). Across all conditions, Doppler overestimated pressure drop (Bias = 3.54 mmHg), while BSI underestimated pressure drop (Bias = -3.68 mmHg).

Conclusions

BSI accurately estimated pressure drops only up to 10.7 mmHg in controlled phantom conditions of low stenotic burden. Although BSI offers a number of theoretical advantages to conventional Doppler echocardiography, further refinements and clinical studies are required with BSI before it can be used to improve transvalvular pressure drop estimation in the clinical evaluation of aortic stenosis.
Genomic analyses identify signaling pathways and biological processes in Human papillomavirus (HPV) infected oral cancer patients
Authors: Wang Fang , Chang Tingxiang , Guo Hongmei , Gu Hanming , Liu James 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a critical cause of the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. However, the molecular mechanism and biological function of HPV in oral cancer remains unknown. In this study, our aim is to identify the significant molecules and pathways by analyzing the RNA-seq data. The GSE184616 was produced by the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 (Homo sapiens). The KEGG and GO analyses showed PI3K−Akt signaling pathway and Extracellular matrix are the main processes during oral cancer with HPV infection. Moreover, we identified the top ten key molecules including FN1, ACTB, COL3A1, COL5A1, COL4A1], COL4A2, COL5A2, MMP9, COL6A2, BGN. Therefore, our study may provide new insights into the treatment of oral cancer.
Shortest Distance On-demand Stable Election Protocol
Authors: KUMAR SHEKHAR , Chaudhary Kamika 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In current era Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) play a vital part in every field of day to day life. This is one of the most popular network technologies for the Internet of Things (IoT). Power efficiency and stability constraint is considered as impediment in the further development of the IoT. One of the efficient solutions is effective routing techniques. This paper proposes an effective cluster based, threshold sensitive routing technique Shortest Distance On-demand Stable Election Protocol (SDOSEP) for IoT based heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. As data transmission between nodes with different routes is one of the most costly operation that affect the performance of the network. This technique chooses cluster head on the basis of total energy of network and selects shortest weighted path for data transmission. The proposed approach exceeds the network lifetime, stability, instability and throughput of the network with existing baseline techniques.
BILATERAL EXTERNAL ILIAC PSEUDOANEURYSMS CAUSING URINARY OBSTRUCTION AND ACUTE RENAL FAILURE
Authors: Bigarella Marcelo Puppo , Lopes Roberto Iglesias , Gentile Guilherme , Faustino Carolina Brito , Gamba Lais da Cunha , Lima Guilherme Baumgardt Barbosa , Melo Henry Augusto Hoffman , Mulatti Grace Carvajal 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Pseudoaneurysms are usually caused by trauma, infections, vasculitis, atherosclerosis or iatrogenic complications [1,2]. Frequently, these pseudoaneurysms remain clinically silent, but few can become symptomatic and might present with limb ischemia, leg edema, as well as subacute or acute hemorrhage. An unusual presentation of a bilateral external iliac artery (EIA) pseudoaneurysm is here reported.Case presentation: We report an exceedingly rare case of a young man presenting an acute severe bilateral testicular pain radiating to the back. Clinical and radiological work-up demonstrated bilateral EIA pseudoaneurysms that caused bilateral ureterohydronephrosis due to the urinary obstruction with subsequent renal failure. Management included immediate bilateral external iliac endovascular repair and bilateral ureterolysis through a retroperitoneal approach, with resolution of the obstruction and successful endovascular treatment of both pseudoaneurysms. The only identifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease was cocaine addiction.Conclusion: Uncommon and severe clinical presentation of bilateral EIA pseudoaneurysms caused bilateral ureterohydronephrosis and acute renal failure. Although the presenting symptoms were deceiving at first, fast diagnosis might have been crucial in this case, in which there was a overlapping among Urology and Vascular Surgery - both specialties involved in treating the patient. Awareness of this condition might prevent misdiagnosis and delays in management that are of utmost importance for a good outcome.
Microvesicles derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells enhance alveolar development and attenuate lung inflammation in a rat model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia induced by antenatal lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Zhou Ou , You Jingyi , Xu Xiaochuan , Liu Jiang , Qiu Huijun , Hao Chang , Zou Wenjing , Wu Wenjie , Fu Zhou , Tian Daiyin , Zou Lin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Although it is known that exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) alleviate hyperoxic lung injury of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in animal models, the role of microvesicles (MVs) derived from hUCMSCs in BPD is poorly defined. Furthermore, antenatal inflammation has been linked to high risk of BPD in preterm infants. The purpose of this study was to explore whether MVs derived from hUCMSCs can preserve lung structure and function in an antenatal lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BPD rat model and to clarify the underlying mechanism. We demonstrate that antenatal LPS induced alveolar simplification, altered lung function, and dysregulated pulmonary vasculature. Both hUCMSCs and MVs successfully promoted alveolar development and improved lung function. However, hUCMSCs but not MVs restored the loss of pulmonary microvascular vessels (<100 μm). Furthermore, MVs were mostly uptaken by alveolar epithelial type II cells (AT2) and macrophages. Compared with the LPS-exposed group, MVs restored the AT2 cell number and SP-C expression in vivo and promoted the proliferation of AT2 cells in vitro. MVs also restored the level of IL-6 and IL-10 in lung homogenate. Additionally, upregulated expression of p-AKT, downregulated expression of PTEN, as well as inhibition of MAPK pathway were observed in MVs-treated BPD rats. Taken together, this study suggests MVs derived from hUCMSCs improve lung architecture and function in an antenatal LPS-induced BPD rat model by promoting AT2 cell proliferation and attenuate lung inflammation; thus, MVs provide a promising therapeutic vehicle for BPD treatment.