bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic deroofing of recurrent giant echinococcal and simple liver cysts in Uganda: a case series
Authors: Okello Michael , Nuwagaba Julius , Nduhukire Florence D. 
Published: February 2022

Introduction and importance:
Liver cysts are a common liver disease, classified into simple and complex cysts. Simple liver cysts present the commonest benign liver disease while echinococcal liver cysts are part of the complex cysts found among pastoral communities. Liver cysts usually become symptomatic when they increase to sizes >5 cm that require percutaneous drainage, open or laparoscopic surgical intervention. Laparoscopic liver cyst deroofing with or without omentoplasty is not routinely practiced in resource-limited settings.

Case presentation:
Case 1; a 22-year-old female with a recurrent echinococcal liver cyst diagnosed by contrasted abdominal computed tomography scan, and case 2; a 71-year-old female with a recurrent simple liver cyst. Both patients had undergone prior ultrasound-guided cyst drainage. For case 1, PAIR (puncture, aspiration, injection, and reaspiration) was done by injecting 20% hypertonic saline to inactivate the scolocides before cyst deroofing. Omentoplasty was not done in both patients but the remnant cyst cavities in each case were cauterized to minimize recurrence. Both patients were discharged on the sixth and second postoperative days, respectively, without complications.

Clinical discussion:
Laparoscopic and open deroofing, enucleation, excision, and rarely hepatectomy have less recurrence rates for liver cysts than percutaneous drainage. These 2 reported cases had undergone ultrasound-guided drainage but had cyst recurrence. Laparoscopic liver cyst deroofing with cyst cavity cauterization with or without omentoplasty has good outcomes.

Conclusion:
We therefore, report successful laparoscopic liver cyst deroofing of recurrent giant echinococcal and simple liver cysts in Uganda and encourage this relatively new technique in our setting.
Factors associated with iron deficiency and how they can be used in blood donor selection processes
Authors: Ekroos Sofie , Arvas Mikko , Castrén Johanna 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and objectivesIn an effort to improve donor health, we set out to investigate determinants other than blood donation that increase risk of ID in a healthy population and if they should be implemented into current blood donor selection processes.MethodsWe systematically searched the PubMed, Ovid Medline and Scopus for articles related to ID.ResultsCurrent evidence suggests that several determinants, including biological, environmental, lifestyle and socioeconomic factors increase the risk for ID.ConclusionsHeavy menstruation, use of some medications and dietary factors could potentially be implemented in donor selection, however further study is needed.
Structural basis of streptomycin off-target binding to human mitoribosome
Authors: Itoh Yuzuru , Khawaja Anas , Singh Vivek , Naschberger Andreas , Rorbach Joanna , Amunts Alexey 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe ribosome in mitochondria regulates cellular energy production, and its deactivation is associated with pathologies and ageing. Inhibition of human mitoribosome can be caused by antimicrobial off-target binding, which leads to clinical appearances. The anti-tuberculosis drug aminoglycoside streptomycin targets the small subunit and was shown to be coupled with a bilateral decreased visual acuity with central scotomas and an altered mitochondrial structure. Previously, we reported mitochondria-specific aspects of translation related to specialties of the human mitoribosome (Aibara et al., 2020). In this Research advance article, we report 2.23-Å resolution structure of the human mitoribosomal small subunit in complex with streptomycin. The structural data reveals new details of the streptomycin interactions, including specific water molecules and metal ions involved in the coordination. The density for the streptose moiety reveals that previously modeled aldehyde group appears as a loosely bound density, and the hydroxyl group is not resolved. The density replacing the aldehyde group is within hydrogen bonding distance of four phosphate groups of rRNA, suggesting that the ribosome-bound streptomycin is likely to be in the hydrated gem-diol form rather than in the free aldehyde form. Since streptomycin is a widely used drug for treatment, the newly resolved fine features can serve as determinants for targeting.
Stability and volatility shape the gut bacteriome and mycobiome dynamics in a pig model
Authors: Feehan Brandi , Ran Qinghong , Dorman Victoria , Rumback Kourtney , Pogranichniy Sophia , Ward Kaitlyn , Goodband Robert , Niederwerder Megan C , Summers Katie Lynn , Lee Sonny T M 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe gut microbiome plays important roles in the maintenance of health and pathogenesis of diseases in the growing host. In order to fully comprehend the interplay of the gut microbiome and host, a foundational understanding of longitudinal bacteriome and mycobiome development is necessary. In this study, we evaluated enteric bacterial, fungal and host dynamics throughout the lifetime of commercial swine. We collected a total of 234 fecal samples from 9 pigs across 31 time points in 3 developmental stages (5 preweaning, 15 nursery, and 11 growth adult). We then performed 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing for bacterial profiles and qPCR for the fungus Kazachstania slooffiae. We identified distinct bacteriome clustering according to the host developmental stage, with the preweaning stage exhibiting low bacterial diversity and high volatility amongst samples. We further recovered clusters of bacterial populations that were considered core, transient and increasing throughout the host lifetime, suggesting distinct yet important roles by which these differing bacterial population clusters played in the different host stages. Kazachstania slooffiae was absent in the preweaning stage but peaked during the nursery stage of the host. We determined that all host growth stages contained negative correlations between K. slooffiae and bacterial genera, with only the growth adult stage containing positive correlates. The lack of positive correlates and shared K. slooffiae-bacteria interactions between stages warrants future research into the interactions amongst these kingdoms for host health. This research is foundational for understanding how the bacteriome and mycobiome develop singularly, as well as within a complex ecosystem in the host’s gut environment.
Functional analysis of a novel de novo variant in PPP5C associated with microcephaly, seizures, and developmental delay
Authors: Fielder Sara M. , Rosenfeld Jill A. , Burrage Lindsay C. , Emrick Lisa , Lalani Seema , Attali Ruben , Bembenek Joshua N. , Hoang Hieu , Baldridge Dustin , Silverman Gary A. ,   Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Schedl Tim , Pak Stephen C. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTWe describe a proband evaluated through the Undiagnosed Diseases Network (UDN) who presented with microcephaly, developmental delay, and refractory epilepsy with a de novo p.Ala47Thr missense variant in the protein phosphatase gene, PPP5C. This gene has not previously been associated with a Mendelian disease, and based on the population database, gnomAD, the gene has a low tolerance for loss-of-function variants (pLI=1, o/e=0.07). We functionally evaluated the PPP5C variant in C. elegans by knocking the variant into the orthologous gene, pph-5, at the corresponding residue, Ala48Thr. We employed assays in three different biological processes where pph-5 was known to function through opposing the activity of genes, mec-15 and sep-1. We demonstrated that, in contrast to control animals, the pph-5 Ala48Thr variant suppresses the neurite growth phenotype and the GABA signaling defects of mec-15 mutants, and the embryonic lethality of sep-1 mutants. The Ala48Thr variant did not display dominance and behaved similarly to the reference pph-5 null, indicating that the variant is likely a strong hypomorph or complete loss-of-function. We conclude that pph-5 Ala48Thr is damaging in C. elegans. By extension in the proband, PPP5C p.Ala47Thr is likely damaging, the de novo dominant presentation is consistent with haplo-insufficiency, and the PPP5C variant is likely responsible for one or more of the proband’s phenotypes.
PAX6 LIMITS THE COMPETENCE OF DEVELOPING CEREBRAL CORTICAL CELLS
Authors: Manuel Martine , Tan Kai Boon , Kozic Zrinko , Molinek Michael , Marcos Tiago Sena , Abd Razak Maizatul Fazilah , Dobolyi Dániel , Dobie Ross , Henderson Beth E. P. , Henderson Neil C. , Chan Wai Kit , Daw Michael I. , Mason John O. , Price David J. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTThe development of stable specialized cell types in multicellular organisms relies on mechanisms controlling inductive intercellular signals and the competence of cells to respond to such signals. In developing cerebral cortex, progenitors generate only glutamatergic excitatory neurons despite being exposed to signals with the potential to initiate the production of other neuronal types, suggesting that their competence is limited. Here we tested the hypothesis that this limitation is due to their expression of transcription factor Pax6. We used bulk and single cell RNAseq to show that conditional cortex-specific Pax6 deletion from the onset of cortical neurogenesis allowed some progenitors to generate abnormal lineages resembling those normally found outside the cortex. Analysis of selected gene expression showed that the changes occurred in specific spatiotemporal patterns. We then compared the responses of control and Pax6-deleted cortical cells to in vivo and in vitro manipulations of extracellular signals. We found that Pax6 loss increased cortical progenitors’ competence to generate inappropriate lineages in response to extracellular factors normally present in developing cortex, including the morphogens Shh and Bmp4. Regional variation in the levels of these factors could explain spatiotemporal patterns of fate change following Pax6 deletion in vivo. We propose that Pax6’s main role in developing cortical cells is to minimize the risk of their development being derailed by the potential side-effects of morphogens engaged contemporaneously in other essential functions.
An informed practice for leading change collaboratively
Authors: Lawrence Eleanor , Weisfeld-Spolter Suri , Tworoger Leslie , Yurova Yuliya , Mujtaba Bahaudin G. 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to offer an informed method of collaboration for leaders in organizations to support adaptation to dynamic changes and challenges.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative analysis was undertaken to utilize change style preferences and personal resources in coping and responding to the extraordinary change brought about by the Covid pandemic. The Change Style Indicator (CSI) instrument and a qualitative reflection were the methods used to understand the near-term effect of this crisis.

Findings
Our findings require leaders to focus change efforts beyond organizational structure, as the work of change leadership is built upon interpersonal and individual responses and behaviors. Recommendations for leading through and recovering during dynamic change require customizing leader responses using inherent individual preferences for change and personal resource needs beyond system-wide organizational change initiatives

Originality/value
The paper offers an informed and intentional practice of leading during abrupt unpredictable change by examining typical change style preferences and reflections on personal resources utilized to respond during dynamic change. A strong recommendation for empathetic and collaborative leadership practice to support all stakeholders to adapt to change events is presented. Providing insight into how individuals typically respond to complex, unplanned change, helps inform and increase leadership capabilities and capacities for adapting during complex change.
A novel closed-form solutions method based on the product of exponential model for the minimally invasive surgical robot
Authors: Song Tao , Pan Bo , Niu Guojun , Fu Yili 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
This study aims to represent a novel closed-form solutions method based on the product of the exponential model to solve the inverse kinematics of a robotic manipulator. In addition, this method is applied to master–slave control of the minimally invasive surgical (MIS) robot.

Design/methodology/approach
For MIS robotic inverse kinematics, the closed-form solutions based on the product of the exponential model of manipulators are divided into the RRR and RRT subproblems. Geometric and algebraic constraints are used as preconditions to solve two subproblems. In addition, several important coordinate systems are established on the surgical robot and master–slave mapping strategies are illustrated in detail. Finally, the MIS robot can realize master–slave control by combining closed-form solutions and master–slave mapping strategy.

Findings
The simulation of the instrument manipulator based on the RRR and RRT subproblems is executed to verify the correctness of the proposed closed-form solutions. The fact that the accuracy of the closed-form solutions is better than that of the compensation method is validated by the contrastive linear trajectory experiment, and the average and the maximum tracking errors are 0.1388 mm and 0.3047 mm, respectively. In the animal experiment, the average and maximum tracking error of the left instrument manipulator are 0.2192 mm and 0.4987 mm, whereas the average and maximum tracking error of the right instrument manipulator are 0.1885 mm and 0.6933 mm. The successful completion of the animal experiment comprehensively demonstrated the feasibility and reliability of the master–slave control strategy based on the novel closed-form solutions.

Originality/value
The proposed closed-form solutions are error-free in theory. The master–slave control strategy is not affected by calculation error when the closed-form solutions are used in the surgical robot. And the accuracy and reliability of the master–slave control strategy are greatly improved.
Sharing economy in the new hospitality: consumer perspective
Authors: Julião Jorge , Gaspar Marcelo , Farinha Luis , Trindade Maria A.M. 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThe aim of the paper is to assist hospitality business, operating in a sharing economy model and responding to coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) crisis. It is argued that the creation of a strategy to face COVID-19 crisis should be focussed on what the guests valued most. The paper focusses on the Airbnb service, which is the leading platform in accommodation inside the sharing economy, to explore the consumer profile and analyse its motivations to use hospitality service, based on socio-demographic characteristics and user experience.Design/methodology/approachThe research uses a questionnaire survey targeting tourists who have experience using the Airbnb service. A total of 380 valid responses were analysed with statistical package programme for the social sciences (SPSS), performing a multivariate variance analyses (MANOVA) and univariate analysis (UNIANOVA), which corresponds to five of the main motivations regarding Airbnb booking.FindingsThe results show a motivation increase towards the sharing economy and benefits of the sharing economy for customers between 41 and 60 years of age. It was also observed that consumers with a monthly income below the average salary level are less keen to prefer the sharing economy philosophy. Controversially, the results also show that more than 80% of the guests do not want to share the room with people they are not related to.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the understanding of consumers' behaviour by discussing the potential of the accommodation sharing model for the post-COVID recovery of the hospitality sector.
Police selectivity “on demand”: the role of organisational justice in promoting procedural justice
Authors: Van Praet Sarah 
Published: February 2022

Purpose This paper presents the results of an action research with a Brussels’ police force. This research aimed to identify elements or mechanisms within police selectivity that put pressure on the relationship between the public and the police and affect the equal treatment of individuals and groups. Montjardet (1996) looks to understand structural, organisational of other factors as weighing on police selectivity. This article focusses more precisely on the interaction between organisational justice on striving to improve procedural justice.Design/methodology/approach This study was made possible through a partnership between UNIA, the PolBruNo police force and the National Institute for Criminalistics and Criminology (NICC). The methodology of this two-year action research around two phases. The first one led through (22) interviews with management, (200 h of) observations and three group analysis to a shared diagnosis of problems regarding police selectivity. The action part centered on intervisions with the patrol officers based during further (over 420 h of) observations, giving extra information that has been integrated in the analysis.Findings This research points out that even when police interventions are oriented by the demands of the public – public that sometimes formulates demands based on (ethnic) stereotypes – the intervention can be problematic. Organisational aspects played an important role in how the intervention unfolded: if those demands will be treated rather as orders given by the caller or as problematic situations needing analysis by the police officers. The paper arguments that organisational justice as experienced by the police officers impact how much consideration will be given to procedural justice.Originality/value Many scholars have shed a light on the various situations patrol officers deal with and identified problems regarding police selectivity. Procedural justice was developed as an interesting notion to look at the relation of police officers and the (diverse groups within the) public as well as the broader impact of these encounters. The importance to look to the organisational level in the decisions made by the police officers has also been established. The paper arguments that organisational justice as experienced by the police officers impact how much consideration will be given to procedural justice.
On the Relation between Finiteness and Clause Size: Evidence from Romanian and Southern Italo‐Romance Irrealis Clauses*
Authors: Groothuis Kim A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the relationship between finiteness and clause size, taking Romance varieties with an irrealis subordinator as a case study:che/chiin upper southern Italian dialects (USIDs),cuin Salentino,mi/mu/main southern Calabrian, andsăin Romanian. The last three of these, but not the first, also replace many uses of the infinitive. On a view of finiteness as the result of anchoring of Tense and Person (Groothuis 2020), these irrealis clauses constitute a different degree of finiteness when selected by a functional verb than when selected by a lexical verb. The question thus arises of whether a reduction in finiteness corresponds to a reduction in clause structure. Tests show that these irrealis subordinators form a non‐homogeneous category. Only USIDche/chiand Romaniansăcan be analysed as regular complementisers. Salentinocuand southern Calabrianmu,in contrast, occupy av‐related position when selected by aspectuals, a T‐related position when selected by modals, and FinP when selected by lexical verbs. The reduced degree of finiteness thus does not correspond to a reduced clause in all varieties. The conclusion is therefore that the same level of finiteness does not necessarily translate into the same amount of functional structure.
Correction of severe hyponatremia by continuous veno‐venous hemodialysis with regional citrate anticoagulation: A case series
Authors: Ling Kin Ho Steven , Wu Ping , Chan King‐Chung 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionHyponatremia is a common electrolyte disturbance in critically ill patients. Management of intensive care unit patients with concurrent hyponatremia and renal failure requiring dialysis is challenging especially with regional citrate anticoagulation, which may cause excessive rise of serum [Na+]. We described the first and successful modified continuous veno‐venous hemodialysis (CVVHD) regimen using regional citrate anticoagulation.MethodA mathematical model was developed to predict serum [Na+] change during CVVHD. Our in‐house CVVHD regimen using regional citrate anticoagulation was modified to slow down the rise of serum [Na+] by both modifying the dialysate solution and modifying the circuit.ResultFive out of six patients had gradual serum [Na+] correction not exceeding the daily limit. None of them developed osmotic demyelination syndrome.ConclusionWe concluded that regional citrate anticoagulation, with proper modification, is safe and effective for patients with concomitant renal failure requiring hemodialysis.
Technique of en bloc resection of the membranous urethra and bladder during robot‐assisted radical cystectomy in patients without simultaneous urethrectomy
Authors: Morizane Shuichi , Honda Masashi , Yumioka Tetsuya , Iwamoto Hideto , Hikita Katsuya , Takenaka Atsushi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionProphylactic urethrectomy is often performed simultaneously with radical cystectomy (RC) in patients who are not selected for neobladder creation for urinary diversion. However, the indications for prophylactic urethrectomy are still controversial. Here, we introduce the ideal urethral dissection technique during robot‐assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) in patients without simultaneous prophylactic urethrectomy.Materials and Surgical TechniqueAt our hospital, RARC is performed using a da Vinci surgical system with the operating table tilted to 20°. After lymph node dissection and bladder mobilization, periurethral dissection is commenced. A notable point of our technique is en bloc resection of the bladder and membranous urethra using a continuous intracorporeal approach. First, while applying traction on the isolated bladder in the cranial direction, we carefully and gradually dissect the urethral smooth muscle from the external urethral sphincter with electrocautery scissors. Next, we ligate the membranous urethra with suture material as far from the prostate as possible. Then, we cut the urethra as far from the prostate as possible after ligation of the urethra with a Hem‐o‐lok clip just beyond the apex of the prostate. Using this method, we are able to remove at least 1.0 cm of the membranous urethra en bloc with the bladder. Finally, we suture the pelvic floor, including the levator ani muscle, in two layers using 3–0 V‐Loc and 2–0 V‐Loc sutures.DiscussionWe believe this technique allows separation of the residual urethra from the abdominal cavity and enables safe performance of secondary urethrectomy.