bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the failure of the propeller shaft of the motor ship "ELAND"
Authors: Girin Stanislav N. , Matveev Yuri I. 
Published: June 2022

The article considers an accident associated with the destruction of the tanker "ELAND" propeller shaft , which occurred in Lake Ladoga shortly after the work was completed at one of the shipyards as part of the regular survey. On the basis of the materials provided to the authors as independent experts, the arbitration court showed that the reason for the failure of the propeller shaft was violations of the work technology at the plant. Due to the excessive displacement of the bracket axis relatively the deadwood, significant normal stresses arose in the shaft material, which caused a low-cycle violation of the fatigue strength. It is shown that the rules of the Russian Maritime Register of Shipping and the Russian River Register do not contain requirements for checking the strength of ship shafts under normal stresses, which, according to the authors, is a drawback of the rules.
Compressible Test-field Method and Its Application to Shear Dynamos
Authors: Käpylä Maarit J. , Rheinhardt Matthias , Brandenburg Axel 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this study, we present a compressible test-field method (CTFM) for computing α-effect and turbulent magnetic diffusivity tensors, as well as those relevant for the mean ponderomotive force and mass source, applied to the full MHD equations. We describe the theoretical background of the method and compare it to the quasi-kinematic test-field method and to the previously studied variant working in simplified MHD (SMHD). We present several test cases using velocity and magnetic fields of the Roberts geometry and also compare with the imposed-field method. We show that, for moderate imposed-field strengths, the nonlinear CTFM (nCTFM) gives results in agreement with the imposed-field method. A comparison of different flavors of the nCTFM in the shear dynamo case also yields agreement up to equipartition field strengths. Some deviations between the CTFM and SMHD variants exist. As a relevant physical application, we study nonhelically forced shear flows, which exhibit large-scale dynamo action, and present a reanalysis of low-Reynolds-number, moderate shear systems, where we previously ignored the pressure gradient in the momentum equation and found no coherent shear-current effect. Another key difference is that in the earlier study we used magnetic forcing to mimic small-scale dynamo action, while here it is self-consistently driven by purely kinetic forcing. The kinematic CTFM with general validity forms the core of our analysis. We still find no coherent shear-current effect, but do recover strong large-scale dynamo action that, according to our analysis, is driven by incoherent effects.
Quasar Standardization: Overcoming Selection Biases and Redshift Evolution
Authors: Dainotti Maria Giovanna , Bargiacchi Giada , Lenart Aleksander Łukasz , Capozziello Salvatore , Ó Colgáin Eoin , Solomon Rance , Stojkovic Dejan , Sheikh-Jabbari M. M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Quasars (QSOs) are extremely luminous active galactic nuclei currently observed up to redshift z = 7.642. As such, they have the potential to be the next rung of the cosmic distance ladder beyond Type Ia supernovae, if they can reliably be used as cosmological probes. The main issue in adopting QSOs as standard candles (similarly to gamma-ray bursts) is the large intrinsic scatter in the relations between their observed properties. This could be overcome by finding correlations among their observables that are intrinsic to the physics of QSOs and not artifacts of selection biases and/or redshift evolution. The reliability of these correlations should be verified through well-established statistical tests. The correlation between the ultraviolet and X-ray fluxes developed by Risaliti & Lusso is one of the most promising relations. We apply a statistical method to correct this relation for redshift evolution and selection biases. Remarkably, we recover the the same parameters of the slope and the normalization as Risaliti & Lusso. Our results establish the reliability of this relation, which is intrinsic to the QSO properties and not merely an effect of selection biases or redshift evolution. Hence, the possibility to standardize QSOs as cosmological candles, thereby extending the Hubble diagram up to z = 7.54.
Non-LTE Inversion of Prominence Spectroscopic Observations in Hα and Mg ii h&k lines
Authors: Jejčič Sonja , Heinzel Petr , Schmieder Brigitte , Gunár Stanislav , Mein Pierre , Mein Nicole , Ruan Guiping 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We continued our investigation of the plasma characteristics of a quiescent prominence that occurred on 2017 March 30. The prominence was observed simultaneously by several instruments, including the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) and the Multichannel Subtractive Double Pass (MSDP) spectrograph operating at the Meudon solar tower. We focused on IRIS Mg ii h&k and MSDP Hα spectra, selecting 55 well-coaligned points within the prominence. We computed an extensive grid of 63,000 isothermal and isobaric 1D-slab prominence models with a non-LTE (i.e., departures from the local thermodynamic equilibrium) radiative transfer code. We then performed a 1.5D spectral inversion searching for an optimal model that best fits five parameters of the observed profiles (observables), namely, the integrated intensity of the Hα and Mg ii k lines, the FWHM of both lines, and the ratio of intensities of the Mg ii k and Mg ii h lines. The latter is sensitive to temperature. Our results show that the prominence is a low-temperature structure, mostly below 10,000 K, with some excursions to higher values (up to 18,000 K) but also rather low temperatures (around 5000 K). The microturbulent velocity is typically low, peaking around 8 km s−1, and electron density values are of the order of 1010 cm−3. The peak effective thickness is 500 km, although the values range up to 5000 km. The studied prominence is rather optically thin in the Hα line and optically thick in the Mg ii h&k lines.
Risk factors associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Kibuye Referral Hospital, Rwanda- A case control study
Authors: Muragijimana Egide Freddy 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundType 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is increasing globally, being among the leading cause of premature mortality. If no bold actions are taken, nine in ten persons diagnosed with diabetes will have T2DM by 2025.ObjectivesThis study aims at assessing socio-demographic characteristics and identify lifestyle factors associated with T2DM at Kibuye Referral Hospital.MethodsHospital-based case control study design was used. Food frequency, and global physical activity questionnaires adapted from WHO were used. SPSS v 23 was used for all research analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize categorical variables with help of frequencies and percentages. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with T2DM by computing odds ratio with corresponding 95% confidence interval. Logistic regression models using multivariate analysis with a significance level of 5% was used to establish the independent risk factors of T2DM by controlling the confounding variables.ResultsSmoking, level of physical activity, low level of dietary diversity were associated with T2DM. The likelihood of developing T2DM among smokers was about 9 times more [AOR= 8.9; 95%CI=2.84-27.86; p<0.001] compared to non- smokers. Respondents with low level of physical activities were 8.1 times more likely to get T2DM than those with high or moderate physical activities [AOR= 8.1; 95%CI= 2.90-22.79; p<0.001]. Similarly, respondents with low level of dietary diversity score were 6 times more likely to developT2DM [AOR= 6.03; 95%CI= 1.67-21.80; p=0.006] compared to those with high level of dietary diversity score.ConclusionLifestyle factors that showed strong association with T2DM can all be modified by public health interventions that are promoting physical activity, healthy lifestyle, and dietary diversity.
Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2022;5(2):151-157
Birth Outcome and Maternal Risk Factors Associated with Childhood Leukemia in Rwanda: A case - Control Study
Authors: Turatsinze Felicien , Rutayisire Erigene , Habtu Michael 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundLeukemia is the most common cancer affecting children and remains the top cause of death among children.ObjectiveThis study aimed at determining birth outcomes and maternal risk factors associated with childhood leukemia in Rwanda.MethodsA case control study was conducted at Butaro Cancer Referral hospital. The sample of 103 cases and 103 controls was recruited using the records for children diagnosed with Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and those who were hospitalized for non-cancer treatment as controls. Semi-structured questionnaire and phone calls were used to gather information. SPSS version 21.0 was used to analyze the data. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the risk factors.ResultsThe majority (56.8%) of children who participated in the study were aged 10-14 years. Overall 41.3% were born via C-Section. It was revealed that children who had had birth asphyxia had about three (3) times increased risk of childhood leukemia [AoR= 2.47, 95%CI: 1.167-5.262, P=0.018] compared to children that had not experienced birth asphyxia. Children who had suffered Neonatal Jaundice, had five (5) times increased risk of getting leukemia [AOR= 5.05, 95%CI: 1.738-14.664, P=0.003].ConclusionIt is important that public and private stakeholders invest more in childhood oncology researches to enable the health system deliver effective management of the cases more efficiently.
Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2022;5(2):158-169
Effect of Positive Deviance Hearth Intervention on Acute Malnutrition Persistence among Children under Five in Burera District, Rwanda
Authors: Minani Gaston , Habtu Michael , Rutayisire Erigene 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundPositive Deviance Hearth is considered as a good approach to use existing and available resources to address malnutrition at the community level.ObjectiveThe present study aimed to determine the effect of Positive Deviance Hearth on persistent acute malnutrition management among children under five in Burera District.MethodsA comparative quasi-experimental study was conducted in Burera district. One hundred ninety six (196) participants were selected purposively. Nutrition status of children who attended Positive Deviance Hearth sessions for 12 consecutive days were measured and compared with children who were not in the HEARTH intervention.ResultsThe majority (55.6%) of children in both groups were male. The prevalence acute malnutrition persistence was significantly higher (52.0%) among the non-HEARTH intervention compared to those in the HEARTH intervention area (20.4%). In reduced model of the multivariate analysis, persistence of acute malnutrition was 87% higher among children in the non-Hearth intervention compared to those in Hearth intervention (AoR= 0.13; 95%CI: [0.05-0.35], p<0.001).ConclusionThe use of Positive Deviance Hearth model was significantly associated with low prevalence of malnutrition persistence; therefore, it should be adopted by the Ministry of Health.
Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2022;5(2):180-188
A comparative study on stress, anxiety, and depression amongst medical and nursing students in a Nigerian private university.
Authors: Olabisi O.I. , Bolaji A. , Azeez F. 
Published: June 2022

This study compared the stress, anxiety and depression level reported by medical and nursing students in the first two years of their clinical training (i.e medical students in 4th and 5th year; Nursing students in the 3rd and 4th year). Descriptive research design was employed and the sample size of 102 was calculated by G power 3.1 using the difference between two independent means (two groups).
A total of 51 medical and 51 nursing students studying at Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso were randomly recruited. Depression, Anxiety and Stress questionnaire (DASS 21) was adopted for data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistics were carried out. Medical students reported higher mild depression (78.5%) and mild anxiety (82.4%) but lower mild stress (64.7%) compared with Nursing students viz. mild depression (68.6%), mild anxiety (76.5%) and mild stress (72.5%). Students older than 20 years experienced more depression (t=-3.51, p=0.001), anxiety (t=-3.625, p=0.000) and were more stressed (t=-7.86, p=0.000) compared to those less than 20 years. Also male students are more anxious (t=2.01, p=0.04) and more stressed (t=2.26, p=0.03) compared with female students. Students who had never repeat a course were more depressed (t=2.30, p=0.000), more anxious (t=-5.320, p= 0.000) and more stressed (t=4.904, p=0.000) than those who had repeated a course. Though not significant, medical students are more anxious and depressed than nursing students and nursing students are more stressed than medical students. Age and gender of the students affected the level of stress, depression and anxiety. Therefore, medical and nursing students should be taught on coping strategies to sustain their mental health.
Antibiotics use in children: Practice predictors among mothers of under–fives
Authors: Ahwinahwi U.S. , Odili V.U. 
Published: June 2022

In the developing countries, drug administration in children under the age of five is a task mostly undertaken by mothers. Parental practices in the use of antibiotics in children can determine the extent of the therapeutic benefit and the development of resistance. This study investigated mothers’ practices on use of antibiotics in children and determined the possible socio-demographic predictors of good practice.
Mothers of at least a child under the age of five were interviewed to determine their use of antibiotics in children and summary and inferential statistical analysis were conducted.
Of the 313 mothers interviewed, 119(38%) had overall poor practice. One hundred and eighty-eight (60.1%) used antibiotics when their children had catarrh and sore throats, 195(62.3%) stopped giving antibiotics when their children felt better before completing the dose, 260(83.1%) saved some antibiotics at home in case of future use, 126(40.3%) gave antibiotics without the doctor’s prescription. Older mothers had a greater likelihood to save some antibiotics at home in case of future use, OR=1.087,95%CI-1.016-1.163, increasing age of first child decreases the odds of requesting antibiotics from the doctor OR=0.989, 95% CI:0.981-0.997 while increasing number of children had almost a two-fold increase on the likelihood to request for antibiotics, OR=1.624,95% CI=1.05-2.386. Attaining a tertiary level of education had over a two-fold (OR=2.337, 95% CI=1.063-5.137) and a three-fold (OR=3.262,95% CI= 1.566-6.802) increase on the odds of giving antibiotics to a child without a doctor’s advice and reading information leaflets respectively. There was a significant difference between self- perceived practice level and actual practice level (P=0.01).
A good proportion of mothers had less than adequate antibiotics practice levels and some demographic factors predicted practice. Advocacy should be employed to improve practices associated with antibiotics use in children in the developing countries.
Serum Malondialdehyde and antioxidant enzymes as bioindicator of oxidative stress in women with PCOS at UITH, Ilorin
Authors: AbdulAzeez I.M. , Biliaminu S.A. , Oladosu W.O. , Okesina A.B. 
Published: June 2022

Several studies showed circulating oxidative markers being significantly high in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) women when compared with women without PCOS thus oxidative markers may be considered as potential inducer of PCOS pathogenesis. However some previous studies show inconsistent findings among PCOS patients hence, more studies are necessary to further investigate such relationships involving antioxidants and PCOS, especially in our clime where there is paucity of data relating PCOS and oxidative stress marker. Our aim therefore, was to determine the activities of oxidative stress markers in patients with PCOS.
This prospective study was carried out on 45 female clients with PCOS aged between 27 and 50 years and their results were compared with 45 healthy age matched controls. The serum was used to estimate the levels of Malondialdehide (MDA), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), and Glutathione S-reductase (GSH), activities in both patients and controls. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).
The mean serum levels of SOD, MDA and GSH were statistically significantly higher in women with PCOS than in control. There was statistically significant positive correlation between Folicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Leutenizing Hormone (LH), SOD, MDA and Age.
Higher serum MDA, SOD and GSH levels in PCOS patients compared with the controls in this study, similar to previous studies may be attributed to a compensatory response by the body's defense mechanisms to higher circulating levels of oxidants. No statistical significance difference in the mean catalase activity when PCOS patients were compared with controls. In conclusion, serum MDA and antioxidant enzymes are higher in PCOS patients, pointing to the fact that oxidative stress is more prevalent among these patients with PCOS, therefore it will not be out of place to evaluate with PCOS for oxidative stress, irrespective of their reproductive disorders.
Prevalence and pattern of misuse of insecticide treated nets among household heads in Apete Community of Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Adegbore A.K, , Oladepo O. , Adegoke J.I . 
Published: June 2022

Insecticide Treated Net (ITN) has been established to be the most cost effective malaria vector control measure if used correctly. However, the use of ITN for other purposes other than its primary purpose is common. The objective of this study is to investigate the prevalence and pattern of misuse of ITNs among household heads.
A descriptive cross sectional survey was conducted among 422 household heads selected through multi stage sampling procedure using a validated interviewer administered questionnaire (r= 0.72) and analyzed with SPSS software
The result of this study revealed the mean age of respondents’ was 33.38±7.46 and 39.5% was in the 40-49 age brackets. Only 37.4% of the respondents slept inside the nets the night prior to data collection.72.5% of the respondents were found in possession of net not used for sleeping out of which more than half (38.7%) used ITNs as window curtains, 19.3% used as night wrapper, 12.9% as fishing nets, 11.3% as protective device from garden animals, 10.5% used as football goal post and 7.3% used the net to cover market goods. There was a statistically significant relationship between ITN misuse and respondents’ educational attainment (r=.304) and gender (r=.399) at (p<0.05).
In conclusion, the study revealed a high prevalence of ITN misuse among the respondents in the community. There is need for community based health promotion intervention to encourage correct usage of ITNs and reduce misuse.
Autour de la conjecture de Tate enti\`ere pour certains produits de dimension $3$ sur un corps fini
Authors: Scavia Federico 
Published: June 2022

Let $X$ be the product of a surface satisfying $b_2=\rho$ and of a curve over a finite field. We study a strong form of the integral Tate conjecture for $1$-cycles on $X$. We generalize and give unconditional proofs of several results of our previous paper with J.-L. Colliot-Th\'el\`ene.Comment: in French. Improves on the results of arXiv:2001.10515. Final version
Efek Penambahan Tepung Limbah Tauge dalam Ransum Terhadap Fertilitas dan Daya Tetas Telur Puyuh (Cortunix-cortunix japonica)
Authors: Kadir Muhammad Jurhadi , Asis Asis , Irmayani Irmayani 
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek penambahan limbah tauge dengan level yang berbeda dalam ransum terhadap fertilitas dan daya tetas telur puyuh Menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 taraf perlakuan dan 3 ulangan sehingga terdapat 12 unit percobaan, setiap unit percobaan terdiri dari 10 ekor puyuh dengan total 120 ekor puyuh. Masing-masing perlakuan terdiri atas P0: ransum tanpa limbah tauge (kontrol), P1: Ransum dengan limbah tauge 3%, P2: Ransum dengan limbah tauge 6%, P3: Ransum dengan limbah tauge 8%. Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa penambahan tepung limbah tauge pada pakan puyuh dengan level yang berbeda berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) terhadap fertilitas dan daya tetas telur puyuh. Rata rata fertilitas berkisar antara 86,67% - 100%. Sedangkan rata-rata daya tetas teur puyuh berkisar antara 65,28% - 86,67%.. Disimpulkan bahwa penambahan tepung limbah tauge dalam pakan puyuh berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) terhadap fertilitas dan daya tetas telur puyuh . Perlakuan dengan konsentrasi 3% memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap fertilitas dan daya tetas telur puyuh.

This study aims to determine the effect of adding bean sprouts with different levels in the ration on fertility and hatchability of quail eggs. Using a completely raqndomized design (CRD) with 4 treatment levels and 3 replications so that are 12 experimental units, each experimental unit consists of 10 quail with a total of 120 quail. Each treatment consisted of P0: ration without bean sprouts waste (control), P1: ration with 3 % bean sprouts waste, P2: ration with 6 % bean sprouts waste, P3; ration with 8 % bean sprouts waste. The results of the analysis of variance showed that the addition of bean sprouts waste flour to quail feed with different levels had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the fertility and hatchability of quail eggs. The average fertility ranged from 86.67 % - 100%. While the average hatcahibility of quail eggs ranged from 65.28% - 86.67%. it was concluded that the addition of bean flour in quail feed had a significant effect (P<0.05) on fertility and hatchability of quail eggs. Treatments with a concentration of 3% gave the besat effect on fertility and hatchability of quail eggs.
Measuring the efficiency of library activities: foreign experience
Authors: Вeryozkina Natalya Y. 
Published: June 2022

The article discusses various criteria for evaluation the efficiency of library activities. Foreign experts have developed various methods for measuring the efficiency of libraries: ServQUAL, LibQUAL, method of Data Enveloped Analysis, method of Total Quality Management, Best Value. Particular attention is paid to documents prepared with the assistance of IFLA. R. Poll and P. Bockhorst made a significant contribution to the development of indicators that allow a multidimensional assessment of the activities of libraries. The Balanced scorecard was used to develop indicators for assessing the efficiency of libraries in the Republic of Belarus. The use of benchmarking based on a comparative analysis of results of library activities for certain parameters or of the same type of libraries is of interest. It is important to assess
the activities of libraries by the population. The decisive role is
played by the «social effect» – the satisfaction of cultural,
social, educational, information needs of the population with
the assistance of libraries. Russian specialists I. Pilko and
S. Mukhamedieva proposed a composite index of the efficiency of library activities – a set of indicators of social, economic, organizational, technological efficiency. The experience of foreign specialists in the field of librarianship was useful in conducting the scientific research «To develop qualitative indicators of the efficiency of the activities of cultural organizations of the Republic of Belarus, taking into account international experience».