bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary Vascular Research Institute GoDeep: A meta‐registry merging deep phenotyping datafrom international PH reference centers
Authors: Majeed Raphael W. , Wilkins Martin R. , Howard Luke , Hassoun Paul M. , Anthi Anastasia , Cajigas Hector R. , Cannon John , Chan Stephen Y. , Damonte Victoria , Elwing Jean , Förster Kai , Frantz Robert , Ghio Stefano , Al Ghouleh Imad , Hilgendorff Anne , Jose Arun , Juaneda Ernesto , Kiely David G. , Lawrie Allan , Orfanos Stylianos E. , Pepe Antonella , Pepke‐Zaba Joanna , Sirenko Yuriy , Swett Andrew J. , Torbas Olena , Zamanian Roham T. , Marquardt Kurt , Michel‐Backofen Achim , Antoine Tobiah , Wilhelm Jochen , Barwick Stephanie , Krieb Phillipp , Fuenderich Meike , Fischer Patrick , Gall Henning , Ghofrani Hossein‐Ardeschir , Grimminger Friedrich , Tello Khodr , Richter Manuel J. , Seeger Werner 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Pulmonary Vascular Research Institute GoDeep meta‐registry is a collaboration of pulmonary hypertension (PH) reference centers across the globe. Merging worldwide PH data in a central meta‐registry to allow advanced analysis of the heterogeneity of PH and its groups/subgroups on a worldwide geographical, ethnical, and etiological landscape (ClinTrial. gov NCT05329714). Retrospective and prospective PH patient data (diagnosis based on catheterization; individuals with exclusion of PH are included as a comparator group) are mapped to a common clinical parameter set of more than 350 items, anonymized and electronically exported to a central server. Use and access is decided by the GoDeep steering board, where each center has one vote. As of April 2022, GoDeep comprised 15,742 individuals with 1.9 million data points from eight PH centers. Geographic distribution comprises 3990 enrollees (25%) from America and 11,752 (75%) from Europe. Eighty‐nine perecent were diagnosed with PH and 11% were classified as not PH and provided a comparator group. The retrospective observation period is an average of 3.5 years (standard error of the mean 0.04), with 1159 PH patients followed for over 10 years. Pulmonary arterial hypertension represents the largest PH group (42.6%), followed by Group 2 (21.7%), Group 3 (17.3%), Group 4 (15.2%), and Group 5 (3.3%). The age distribution spans several decades, with patients 60 years or older comprising 60%. The majority of patients met an intermediate risk profile upon diagnosis. Data entry from a further six centers is ongoing, and negotiations with >10 centers worldwide have commenced. Using electronic interface‐based automated retrospective and prospective data transfer, GoDeep aims to provide in‐depth epidemiological and etiological understanding of PH and its various groups/subgroups on a global scale, offering insights for improved management.
Probing Edge State Conductance in Ultra‐Thin Topological Insulator Films
Authors: Leis Arthur , Schleenvoigt Michael , Moors Kristof , Soltner Helmut , Cherepanov Vasily , Schüffelgen Peter , Mussler Gregor , Grützmacher Detlev , Voigtländer Bert , Lüpke Felix , Tautz F. Stefan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractQuantum spin Hall (QSH) insulators have unique electronic properties, comprising a band gap in their 2D interior and 1D spin‐polarized edge states in which current flows ballistically. In scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), the edge states manifest themselves as an enhanced local density of states (LDOS). However, there is a significant research gap between the observation of edge states in nanoscale spectroscopy, and the detection of ballistic transport in edge channels which typically relies on transport experiments with microscale lithographic contacts. Here, few‐layer films of the 3D topological insulator (BixSb)2Te3 are studied, for which a topological transition to a 2D topological QSH insulator phase has been proposed. Indeed, an edge state in the LDOS is observed within the band gap. Yet, in nanoscale transport experiments with a four‐tip STM, two‐quintuple‐layer films do not exhibit a ballistic conductance in the edge channels and thus no QSH edge states. This demonstrates that the detection of edge states in spectroscopy can be misleading with regard to the identification of a QSH phase. In contrast, nanoscale multi‐tip transport experiments are a robust method for effectively pinpointing ballistic edge channels, as opposed to trivial edge states, in quantum materials.
Riparian recruitment persists after damming: Environmental flows and coupled colonization of cottonwoods and willows following floods along a dryland river
Authors: Philipsen Laurens J. , Rood Stewart B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFor riparian woodlands, occasional floods provide geomorphic disturbance that creates barren colonization sites, and river stage patterns that enable seedling establishment. To investigate impacts from river damming and instream flow regulation on these processes, we studied the lower Red Deer River in the semi‐arid region of Alberta, Canada. Dickson Dam was implemented in 1983 and although major flood peaks in June 2005 and June 2013 were attenuated by about one‐quarter, substantial seedling establishment of plains cottonwoods (Populus deltoides) was observed. Cross‐sectional transects in 2014 and 2015 revealed the reproductively mature cottonwood band from 2005, while the 2013 colonization was limited to low elevations of 0.3–1.3 m above the base river stage. Seedling numbers and the elevational ranges were probably reduced by abrupt (>4 cm/day) river stage reductions in July 2005 and in July 2013. In addition to direct seedling establishment on barren sandbars, we observed “coupled colonization” with cottonwood recruitment within sparse patches of sandbar willows (Salix exigua). The flood‐tolerant willows stabilize the bars and increase aggradation through sediment trapping. Thus, cottonwood colonization persisted after damming, indicating that the pattern of downstream flow regulation was important, rather than damming per se. To sustain riparian recruitment along regulated rivers in dry regions, we recommend: (1) that floods be allowed as feasible, (2) higher river stages during seed dispersal, (3) flow ramping (gradual summer recession) for seedling survival, (4) sufficient growing season flows to avoid drought‐induced mortality, and (5) that willows be encouraged as well as cottonwoods.
Reframing formative assessment for emergent bilinguals: Linguistically responsive assessing in science classrooms
Authors: Lyon Edward G. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractResearch into the effective teaching of science to emergent bilinguals has converged around key theoretical perspectives and led to expansive empirical evidence that emphasizes the integration of science learning with language/literacy development. Simultaneously, formative assessment has been touted as one of the key components of effective teaching in science classrooms. I address a critical research gap by connecting the teaching of emergent bilinguals in science classrooms to formative assessment through sociocultural perspectives and linguistically responsive teaching—thereby reframing the traditional model of formative assessment into a framework for linguistically responsive assessing. To illustrate the challenges and opportunities of translating a framework of linguistically responsive assessing into practice, I analyzed the formative assessment practices of two middle school science teachers with whom I worked through ongoing professional learning in support of emergent bilinguals through assessing. Both teachers (1) framed learning goals and assessment around meaningful and relevant student contexts, (2) planned multimodal assessment interactions to scaffold science learning and language/literacy development, and (3) attempted to elicit students’ lived experiences. Yet, I also observed missed opportunities that provide additional insight into the continued challenges of ensuring that formative assessment for emergent bilinguals puts literacy and the students’ linguistic, cultural, and home/family assets front and center.
Intramolecular Nucleophilic Addition of N‐Boc Protected α‐Amino Carbanions to Arynes: Synthesis of 1‐Aryl‐2,3,4,5‐tetrahydro‐1H‐2‐benzazepines
Authors: Kaur Manjot , Sharma Esha , Singh Pushpinder , Kaur Babaldeep , Kaur Amarjit , Nain Singh Kamal 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA two‐step protocol involving cyclization and deprotection towards the synthesis of C‐1 arylated benzazepines has been developed under transition‐metal oxidant free conditions. The coupling reaction of
‐lithiated carbanion, generated from Boc‐protected amine, with in situ generated aryne proceeds well intramolecularly. A variety of substrates were explored with corresponding products in moderate yield.
A Comparative Study of Different Methods for Cellulose Extraction from Lignocellulosic Wastes and Conversion into Carboxymethyl Cellulose
Authors: Akhlaq Maida , Maqsood Hassan , Uroos Maliha , Iqbal Ayesha 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCarboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is an appealing industrial chemical obtained by modification of cellulose with redundant applications in food, pharmaceuticals, paints, detergents and others. This report demonstrates the comparative study of potential of different lignocellulosic biomass by using five traditional methods to get white, pristine cellulose with higher percentage yield from waste, later, conversion of cellulose into its derivative i. e., carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Four raw materials comprising of wheat straw, sugarcane bagasse, rice straw and banana leaves were employed as an alternating source of cellulose. Sulfide method came out as a most viable delignification method, used to degrade all dewaxed wastes, efficiently. After cellulose extraction, substitution of hydroxyl groups of cellulose was executed by infusing cellulose with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and monochloroacetic acid (MCA) in the presence of isopropanol as supporting medium. In this way, a variety of cellulose and CMC were obtained and verified with commercial samples of both products. Furthermore, characteristics of different CMC were checked including degree of substitution (DS), CMC content, moisture content, solubility and purity. The CMC from wheat straw showed the highest DS (2.1), solubility and yield. FTIR spectra confirmed the replacement of hydroxyl group with carboxymethyl group by indicating characteristic peak of carbonyl group (‐CO) at 1588 cm−1. In 1H NMR spectrum, plethora of peaks in the region 3–5 ppm indicated the derivatization of cellulose and 13C NMR confirmed the peaks of carbonyl carbons at 180 and 182 ppm. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) shows that the crystallinity of CMC has been reduced, significantly.
Ruthenium Complexes as Potential Cancer Cell Growth Inhibitors for Targeted Chemotherapy
Authors: Katheria Snehlata 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe effective clinical use of the three generation platinum anticancer drugs, cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin, has sparked interest in metallodrugs; however, drug resistance and side effects have hampered their continued use and effects. Ruthenium(III) complexes have been successfully used in clinical research, and their anticancer mechanisms have been extensively reported during the last few decades. Ruthenium(II) complexes have also received a lot of attention as anticancer alternatives, but only a few of them have been thoroughly investigated. The development of ruthenium compounds as target‐specific chemotherapeutic drugs has received a lot of attention in recent years. Indeed, a few reviews summarising the research on cancer targeting ruthenium complexes have been published previously. We looked at studies on the target specific mechanism of action of ruthenium complexes for numerous organelles endoplasmic reticulum, nucleus, mitochondria,), DNA, intracellular proteins, and certain enzymes (carbonic anhydrase, TopoisomeraseI), all of which are upregulated in cancer cells and provide a specific mechanism for cancer cell death. This review will provide readers with a general overview of the different ruthenium complexes available for targeted chemotherapy, as well as information to aid in the design and creation of new anticancer ruthenium complexes research.
Hydrogen Titanate H2TiO3 Nanowires Derived from K2TiO3 as Potential Materials for Solar Cell Applications: A Theoretical Study
Authors: Esteves Martín , Fernández‐Werner Luciana , Bechthold Pablo , Faccio Ricardo , Mombrú Álvaro W. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOne‐dimensional systems of titanium dioxide and titanates are interesting for the fundamental study of physical and chemical properties at the nanoscale. In this work we present the electronic structure, mechanical and optical properties of angstrom scale titanate derived nanowires (ASW) by means of density functional theory (DFT) and Density Functional based Tight Binding (DFTB). This one‐dimensional H2TiO3 nanostructure is an interesting real material that could serve for understanding, at a fundamental level, the physical properties of TiO5 concatenated polyhedrons derived from hydrogen titanates. The proposed structural model demonstrates to be locally stable according to phonon analysis, and it can be inferred that the one‐dimension structure is essentially preserved. The mechanical properties put this nanowire as a flexible material, that could be used in flexible substrates maintaining its electronic properties. Also, the capacity of this system to be sensitized with a catechol dye was explored. For this porpoise, the adsorption of the catechol molecule was tested showing that the most stable interaction corresponds to a dissociative chelate configuration. Finally, it was possible to verify the capability of the sensitized system for injecting electrons from the catechol dye to the nanowire under visible light exposure. Thus, we present these extreme one‐dimensional nanostructured materials as candidates for solar cell applications.
Stretching your data with taffy filters
Authors: Apple Jim 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPopular approximate membership query structures such as Bloom filters and cuckoo filters are widely used in databases, security, and networking. These structures represent sets approximately, and support at least two operations—insert and lookup; lookup always returns true on elements in the structure; it also returns true with some probability on elements not in the structure. These latter elements are called false positives. Compensatory for these false positives, filters can be much smaller than hash tables that represent the same set. However, unlike hash tables, cuckoo filters, and Bloom filters must be initialized with the intended number of maximum entries, and cannot grow larger—inserts beyond this number fail or significantly increase the false positive probability. This article presents designs and implementations of filters than can grow without inserts failing and without meaningfully increasing the false positive probability, even if the filters are created with a small initial size. The resulting code is available on GitHub under a permissive open source license.
Gap junction intercellular communication mediates cadmium‐induced apoptosis in hepatocytes via the Fas/FasL pathway
Authors: Yu Fan , Yan Lianqi , Sun Jian , Zhao Yumeng , Yuan Yan , Gu Jianhong , Bian Jianchun , Zou Hui , Liu Zongping 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAs a common environmental pollutant, cadmium (Cd) causes damage to many organs of the body. Gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) represents one of the most important routes of rapid signaling between cells. However, the mechanisms underlying GJIC's role in hepatotoxicity induced by Cd remain unknown. We established a Cd poisoning model in vitro by co‐culturing Cd‐exposed and unexposed hepatocytes and found that 18β‐glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), a GJIC inhibitor, can effectively reduce the apoptosis rate of healthy cells co‐cultured with apoptotic cells treated with Cd. We also found that anti‐FasL antibody had the same effect. However, in mono‐cultured cells, GA treatment in combination with Cd was found to aggravate the damage induced by Cd exposure, increase the level of oxidative stress and protein expression of HO‐1, decrease the mitochondrial membrane potential, incur more serious morphological damage to mitochondria than Cd treatment alone. Moreover, compared with Cd‐only exposure, GA and Cd co‐treatment further increased the expression levels of the apoptosis‐related proteins Fas, FasL, FADD and the ratio of Bax/Bcl‐2, inhibited the protein expression of ASK1 and Daxx. We also found that the protein expression of Daxx in siFADD + Cd hepatocytes was significantly higher than in Cd‐treated cells. Thus, our study suggests that gap junction inhibition may play a dual role in Cd‐induced cell damage by inhibiting the transmission of death signals from damaged cells to healthy cells but also aggravating the transmission of death signals between damaged cells, and that the Fas/FasL‐mediated death receptor pathway may play an important role in this process.
A comparative study on mica waste‐filled natural rubber foam composites made out of creamed and centrifuged latex
Authors: Dananjaya Seekku Arachchige Vimukthi , Priyanka Uhanowita Marage Shirani , Somarathna Yashoda Ramyajith , Karunanayake Laleen , Siriwardena Susantha 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA comparative study on processed mica waste (PMW) filled natural rubber latex foams (NRLF) made out of centrifuged latex and creamed latex was conducted. The morphological, mechanical, and degradability properties of the composites were studied. The PMW was incorporated at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 phr loading. Morphological studies revealed that both types of composites possess open‐cell structures. However, creamed latex based foam rubber composites showed foam structures with much larger cell sizes. PMW loading showed similar influences on the properties of the foam composites, irrespective of the latex type used. Increasing filler loading increases tensile strength, modulus at 100% elongation, tear strength, compression set, shrinkage, biodegradability, and antibacterial properties and reduces elongation at break and extractable protein content while offering a slightly dark color to the composites. It was also found that the creamed latex based foam rubber exhibits lesser extractable protein content and slightly inferior properties in tensile strength, shrinkage properties and color compared to centrifuged latex based foam rubber. However, it was shown that type of latex does not influence biodegradability, antibacterial properties, and color retention. Thermogravimetric analysis results confirmed the thermal resistance and reinforcing ability of mica in both NRLF composites.
On Computational Procedures for Optimising an Omni-Channel Inventory Control Model
Authors: Goedhart Joost , Hendrix Eligius M. T. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDynamic programming (DP) and specifically Markov Decision Problems (MDP) are often seen in inventory control as a theoretical path towards optimal policies, which are (often) not tractable due to the curse of dimensionality. A careful bounding of decision and state space and use of resources may provide the optimal policy for realistic instances despite the dimensionality of the problem. We will illustrate this process for an omni-channel inventory control model where the first dimension problem is to keep track of the outstanding ordered quantities and the second dimension is to keep track of items sold online that can be returned.
Open-closed correspondence of K-theory and cobordism
Authors: Blumenhagen Ralph , Cribiori Niccolò 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Non-trivial K-theory groups and non-trivial cobordism groups can lead to global symmetries which are conjectured to be absent in quantum gravity. Inspired by open-closed string duality, we propose a correspondence between the two groups, which can be considered as the physical manifestation of a generalisation of the classic Conner-Floyd isomorphism. The picture is exemplified by the relations between KO-groups and Spin-cobordisms and between K-groups and Spinc-cobordisms. We suggest that global symmetries related by such an isomorphism are generically gauged. Indeed, by combining non-torsion K-theory and cobordism groups, we recover tadpole cancellation conditions well known from type I string theory and F-theory. For torsion charges, another possibility opens up.
Die zeitlich-räumliche Verteilung von COVID-19 in Köln und beeinflussende soziale Faktoren im Zeitraum Februar 2020 bis Oktober 2021
Authors: Neuhann Florian , Ginzel Sebastian , Buess Michael , Wolff Anna , Kugler Sabine , Schlanstedt Günter , Kossow Annelene , Nießen Johannes , Rüping Stefan 
Published: August 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Ziele
Schon in der frühen Phase der global sehr verschieden verlaufenden COVID-19-Pandemie zeigten sich Hinweise auf den Einfluss sozioökonomischer Faktoren auf die Ausbreitungsdynamik der Erkrankung, die vor allem ab der zweiten Phase (September 2020) Menschen mit geringerem sozioökonomischen Status stärker betraf. Solche Effekte können sich auch innerhalb einer Großstadt zeigen. Die vorliegende Studie visualisiert und untersucht die zeitlich-räumliche Verbreitung aller in Köln gemeldeten COVID-19-Fälle (Februar 2020–Oktober 2021) auf Stadtteilebene und deren mögliche Assoziation mit sozioökonomischen Faktoren.

Methoden
Pseudonymisierte Daten aller in Köln gemeldeten COVID-19-Fälle wurden geocodiert, deren Verteilung altersstandardisiert auf Stadtteilebene über 4 Zeiträume kartiert und mit der Verteilung von sozialen Faktoren verglichen. Der mögliche Einfluss der ausgewählten Faktoren wird zudem in einer Regressionsanalyse in einem Modell mit Fallzuwachsraten betrachtet.

Ergebnisse
Das kleinräumige lokale Infektionsgeschehen ändert sich im Pandemieverlauf. Stadtteile mit schwächeren sozioökonomischen Indizes weisen über einen großen Teil des pandemischen Verlaufs höhere Inzidenzzahlen auf, wobei eine positive Korrelation zwischen den Armutsrisikofaktoren und der altersstandardisierten Inzidenz besteht. Die Stärke dieser Korrelation ändert sich im zeitlichen Verlauf.

Schlussfolgerung
Die zeitnahe Beobachtung und Analyse der lokalen Ausbreitungsdynamik lassen auch auf der Ebene einer Großstadt die positive Korrelation von nachteiligen sozioökonomischen Faktoren auf die Inzidenzrate von COVID-19 erkennen und können dazu beitragen, lokale Eindämmungsmaßnahmen zielgerecht zu steuern.