bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health-related Quality of Life (HRQOL) of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and People without Diabetes at a Tertiary Hospital in Port-Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Okpuruka Perpetua O. U. , Anarado Agnes N. , Nwonu Eunice , Chinweuba Anthonia , Ogbonnaya Ngozi P. , Opara Hope C. , Anetekhai Chinenye J. 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Health-related quality of life (HRQOL), a patient-sensitive outcome globally, has become the clinician’s primary goal of care. Evidence suggests that diabetes mellitus (DM) and its treatment/care impair patients’ HRQOL, which varies depending on patient population/factors. Diabetics’ HRQOL in South-South Nigeria is largely unknown.

Objectives:
This study assessed and compared the HRQOL of patients with type 2 diabetes attending the outpatient diabetic clinic at a tertiary hospital in Port-Harcourt, Rivers State, South-South Nigeria with age-/gender-matched nondiabetics living within the same environment.

Materials and Methods:
This descriptive cross-sectional comparative study recruited 200 respondents, respectively those with type 2 diabetes (cases) and nondiabetics (controls). Data were collected by using the World Health Organization Quality of Life–BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire and analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics at P≤ 0.05 level of significance.

Results:
The two groups (200 each) had no significant differences (P = 0.35 - P = 0.98) in terms of their demographic variables. The diabetic group mean scores were significantly (P = 0.00) lower than that of the non-diabetics in terms of WHOQOL-BREF overall, health satisfaction, physical, psychological, and social domains. Diabetics with tertiary education (58%) had a significantly higher mean score (P = 0.012) in terms of overall WHOQOL-BREF than those with secondary and primary education (42%). Ninety-two patients (46%) with diabetes had comorbidities that increased significantly with age (P = 0.00) and expressed less satisfaction with their health (P = 0.04).

Conclusion:
Patients with diabetes had lower HRQOL scores than non-diabetics, implying the negative impact of diabetes and its treatment/care on their life. Diabetics’ HRQOL should be routinely evaluated and enhanced by empowering diabetic self-care activities that aid diabetes control and retard complications.
Pre-operative Lipid Profile of Cardiac Surgery Patients
Authors: Njoku Paschal O. , Meka Ijeoma A. , Mbadiwe Nkeiruka 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Dyslipidemia is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Different schools of thought hold different opinions regarding the use of statins in the perioperative period for cardiac surgery patients. There seems not to be a consensus yet on when to commence statin therapy for cardiac surgery patients not yet on treatment for dyslipidemia, but the beneficial effects of dyslipidemia management are not in doubt.

Objectives:
The objective was to characterize the pattern of dyslipidemia and atherogenic indices present in cardiac surgery patients.

Materials and Methods:
The study was a retrospective record review of patients who presented for open heart surgery between 2013 and 2017. Results of pre-operative lipid profile of patients were extracted and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Atherogenic risk was determined using three different risk ratios: atherogenic plasma index and Castelli’s risk indices-I and II.

Results:
The study included a total of 51 adult patients with the age range 18–75 years and male: female ratio of 1:1.4. Dyslipidemia observed in participants was majorly in the form of low high-density lipoprotein 24 (49.0%) and elevated low-density lipoprotein 11 (22.5%). Using atherogenic plasma index, more than one-quarter of participants 15 (30.6%) were found to be in the high- and medium-risk groups.

Conclusion:
Incidental findings of dyslipidemia made in this group of patients have its associated health implications. Hence, it buttresses the importance of assessing for and adequate management of the medical condition, particularly in a group of patients already burdened with CVD.
Development of Hif1a Pharmacogenomic Mutation Models to Study Individual Variations in Drug Action for Tumor Hypoxia
Authors: Balasubramaniam Vaisali , Namboori P. K. Krishnan 
Published: March 2022

Objective:
Tumor hypoxia, a predominant feature of solid tumor produces drug resistance that significantly impacts a patient's clinical outcomes. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1α) is the major mutation involved in establishing the microenvironment. As a consequence of its involvement in pathways that enable rapid tumor growth, it creates resistance to chemotherapeutic treatments. The propensity of medications to demonstrate drug action often diverges according to the genetic composition. The aim of this study is therefore to examine the effect of population-dependent drug response variations using mutation models.

Methods:
Genetic variations distinctive to major super-populations were identified, and the mutated gene was acquired as a result of incorporating the variants. The mutated gene sequence was transcribed and translated to obtain the target amino acid sequence. To investigate the effects of mutations, protein models were developed using homology modeling. The target templates for the backbone structure were identified by characterization of primary and secondary protein structures. The modeled proteins were then validated for structural confirmation and flexibility. Potential models were used for interaction studies with hypoxia-specific molecules (tirapazamine, apaziquone, and ENMD) using docking analysis. To verify their stability under pre-defined dynamic conditions, the complexes were subjected to molecular dynamics simulation.

Results:
The current research models demonstrate with the pharmacogenomic-based mutation of HIF1α the impact of individual variants in altering the person-specific drug response under tumor hypoxic conditions. It also elucidates that the therapeutic effect is altered concerning population-dependent genetic changes in the individual.

Conclusion:
The study, therefore, asserts the need to set up a personalized drug design approach to enhance tumor hypoxia treatment efficacy.
Melatonin prevents the dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota in sleep-restricted mice by improving oxidative stress and inhibiting inflammation
Authors: Wang Tie , Wang Zixu , Cao Jing , Dong Yulan , Chen Yaoxing 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Intestinal inflammation caused by sleep restriction (SR) threatens human health. However, radical cure of intestinal inflammatory conditions is considerably difficult. This study focuses on the effect of melatonin on SR-induced intestinal inflammation and microbiota imbalance in mice.

Methods:
We successfully established a water platform to induce long-term SR in mice for 28 days with or without melatonin supplementation. The SR-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory changes were evaluated in plasma and jejunum tissue samples using in vitro assays. Additionally, changes in the intestinal microbiota were explored using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene.

Results:
After 20 h of chronic sleep restriction for 28 consecutive days, plasma melatonin was significantly reduced by 48.91% (P < 0.05), while GLU, NE, and CORT were significantly increased (34.32%–90.28%, P < 0.05). The activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT) and T-AOC in intestinal tissues of SR mice were decreased (17.02%–40.92%, P < 0.05), while the content of MDA was increased (15.12%, P = 0.0089). The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) ware increased (65.27%–123.26%, P < 0.05), while the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and IFN-γ) were decreased (26.53%–60.41%, P < 0.05). High-throughput pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA from jejunum samples demonstrated an overall increase in the number of OTUs (30.68%, P = 0.015). The α-diversity (Shannon, ACE and Chao1) of jejunum was increased (28.18%–48.95%, P < 0.05), and the β-diversity (PCoA and NMDS) was significantly different from that of the control group (P = 0.001). Furthermore, the prevalences of Helicobacter and Clostridium were higher, whereas that of Bacteroidetes and Lactobacillus were lower in SR mice than in controls (P < 0.05). However, melatonin supplementation reversed the SR-induced changes and improved oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and microbiota dysbiosis in the jejunum, and there was not significant difference compared with the control group (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:
Melatonin prevents the dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota in SR mice by improving oxidative stress and inhibiting inflammation. Our results may provide a theoretical basis for conducting clinical research on insufficient sleep leading to intestinal health in humans and hence facilitate a better understanding of the role of melatonin.
From Words to Deeds: the Story of the Olive Schreiner Scholarship
Authors: Bock Mary 
Published: March 2022

In 1955 a group of Olive Schreiner’s former friends and admirers of her work founded a scholarship for South African women: in accordance with her ideals of education for women and equality of opportunity for all peoples, the scholarship was open to South African woman, irrespective of race, colour or creed, who wished to study at a university in South Africa. The scholarship was administered by a committee of trustees until 1985, when it was handed over to the University of Cape Town. This essay traces the story of the Olive Schreiner Scholarship. The founding of the scholarship is set against the background of Schreiner’s ideas on the importance of education for all women, as expressed in her polemical writing and her letters. Using as a primary source the minutes of committee meetings, the essay goes on to show how Schreiner’s ideals were carried forward in the aims of the founders and trustees and in their practical management of the Olive Schreiner Scholarship from 1955 to 1985, a time of institutionalised inequality in educational opportunities for South Africans of different communities. The legacy of the scholarship is illustrated using extracts from the responses of five former scholarship holders to a questionnaire submitted to them in 2020.
Finite torsors over strongly $F$-regular singularities
Authors: Carvajal-Rojas Javier 
Published: March 2022

We investigate finite torsors over big opens of spectra of strongly $F$-regular germs that do not extend to torsors over the whole spectrum. Let $(R,\mathfrak{m},k)$ be a strongly $F$-regular $k$-germ where $k$ is an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p&gt;0$. We prove the existence of a finite local cover $R \subset R^{\star}$ so that $R^{\star}$ is a strongly $F$-regular $k$-germ and: for all finite algebraic groups $G/k$ with solvable neutral component, every $G$-torsor over a big open of $\mathrm{Spec} R^{\star}$ extends to a $G$-torsor everywhere. To achieve this, we obtain a generalized transformation rule for the $F$-signature under finite local extensions. Such formula is used to show that that the torsion of $\mathrm{Cl} R$ is bounded by $1/s(R)$. By taking cones, we conclude that the Picard group of globally $F$-regular varieties is torsion-free. Likewise, it shows that canonical covers of $\mathbb{Q}$-Gorenstein strongly $F$-regular singularities are strongly $F$-regular.Comment: 30 pages. Final version accepted to EPIGA
“Imperial Habit”: Russia’s Attempt to Gain a Foothold on the Eastern Coast of the Caspian Sea in the Era of Peter the Great
Authors: Toropitsyn Ilya V. 
Published: March 2022

The article displays one of the directions of Russia’s foreign policy during the reign of Peter the Great, namely, an attempt to gain a foothold on the Eastern coast of the Caspian Sea for further advancement through the Central Asian states to India in order to establish direct trade relations. The paper analyzes the goals and objectives set up by Peter the Great to Prince A. Bekovich-Cherkassky to initiate a new trade route to India from the Caspian Sea basin. Russia’s steps aimed at creating a foothold on the Eastern coast of the Caspian Sea are being considered. The adopted scientific ideas about the number of strongholds in the Caspian region founded by Russia in 1716 are analyzed. The Russian-Turkmen relations are described during the period of Russia’s activity in the Caspian region and after the failure of the Khiva expedition of 1717. The fate of Russian fortress-cities in the eastern Caspian region is traced. The assessment of the actions of Prince A. Bekovich‑Cherkassky on the implementation of Russia’s policy in the Caspian region is given in the context of Peter the Great’s plans.
Traumatismo postcoital - fistula recto-vaginal reporte de un caso y revisión bibliográfica
Authors: FIGUEROA SILVIA INES 
Published: March 2022

RESUMEN
Introducción: El compromiso de recto y la comunicación anormal entre éste y vagina es inusual, denominándose fistula recto-vaginal (FRV).
Se clasifican como simples o complejas en función de su tamaño, localización y etiología subyacente.
Método: Reportamos un caso de un paciente femenino de 27 años con fistula recto-vaginal postcoital con perforación del tabique rectovaginal a 1 cm del introito y 2 cm del margen anal.
Se realiza cierre simple de la lesión con abordaje transanal y transvaginal.
Control a los 6 meses sin evidencia de recidivas.
Conclusión: La reparación con cierre simple de las fistulas recto vaginal con abordaje anal y vaginal presenta buenos resultados con recuperación y cicatrización total de la lesión, sobre todo para fistulas simples. Las lesiones complejas se deben tratar con cautela y tener en cuenta la causa de origen.
Palabras Clave: fistula rectovaginal; vagina; coito; postcoital; fistulas.
WEWENANG PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM PEMBERIAN IZIN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
Authors: Saija Vica J. E. 
Published: March 2022

The results showed that local governments have the authority to give a license for environmental management based on the Chapter 237 Law Number 32 of 2004 Concerning the Local Government Jo Chapter 63 Law Number 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management, verse (2) letter r and verse (3) letter o. As a holder of the delegation, the local government then have the authority to issue permits and enforce the law on consent in the form of monitoring and enforcing sanctions. Licensing authority for environmental management by local governments in its implementation was not maximized yet, this is due to the Law Number 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management, which does not have implementing regulations, the rule of umbrella act is to set the basic terms only, that contributes to there was no concrete licensing division of the authorized government, both at the central and regional. Therefore, it is the authority of government including local government (Ministers, Governors, Regents/Mayors) should be based on the criteria of externality, accountability, and efficiency. And recommended that the licensing authority for environment management, in its implementation, should be based on the principle of Good Licensing Governance on Based Natural Resources, in order to prevent abuse of authority and to simplify the licensing process. The Law Number 32 of 2009 it is implementation, it still needs to be followed up with any implementing regulation in order to run as it is expected.
Juventude e Sociabilidade em um “território pacificado” no Rio de Janeiro: diversidade de experiências e seus marcadores sociais
Authors: Heilborn Maria Luiza , Faya Alfonsina , Souza Josué Ferreira 
Published: March 2022

O artigo versa sobre as repercussões da implantação de uma nova política de segurança pública – unidades de polícia pacificadora (UPPs) em determinado Complexo de Favelas do Rio de Janeiro. Focaliza o impacto dessa nova ordem na dinâmica das sociabilidades juvenis, diferenciando-a por gênero e geração. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de trabalho etnográfico de uma equipe de pesquisadores jovens na localidade e utilização de diferentes estratégias metodológicas diante de alguns constrangimentos presentes no campo. A realização de entrevistas nem sempre foi bem sucedida pelo receio da parte dos informantes de serem marcados por olheiros do tráfico remanescente. O lazer dos jovens foi profundamente modificado pela interdição dos bailes funk e pelo impedimento de grupos espontâneos de conversa no âmbito da rua. Certas práticas de sociabilidade foram deslocadas para outros lugares da cidade, dificultando o acesso dos menos providos de capital financeiro. As novas políticas voltadas para a juventude, como forma de ampliar os limites de cidadania, não incorporam as expectativas dos jovens locais.
A consagração constitucional da política falimentar
Authors: Fernandes Nuno De Oliveira 
Published: March 2022

Sendo reconhecida a imprescindibilidade do bom funcionamento da política falimentar para o desenvolvimento de uma economia, e sendo consabido que a consagração constitucional estabelece limites de atuação aos atores e permite a exigência por políticas diferenciadas das prosseguidas, será que a política falimentar deverá ser alvo de consagração constitucional?
Na procura desta resposta, a presente investigação observa a previsão constitucional da política falimentar nas cerca de 200 constituições existentes.
Através da análise de conteúdo, procede à identificação das constituições que realizam essa previsão, para posteriormente caracterizar de que forma se encontra consagrada. Por fim, é realizado o benchmark dessa consagração no bom ambiente empresarial (business-friendly) e no bem-estar-social (welfare state).
Os resultados alcançados demonstram que a família legal, em que se insere a constituição, induz a essa consagração. Mais demonstram que 67 % das consagrações dizem respeito à destituição / incompatibilidade de cargos públicos para pessoas falidas / insolventes, e apenas 1 % respeita à forma de legislar.
A estimação pelo modelo dos mínimos quadrados (OLS), de quatro regressões lineares, veio revelar que, atualmente, uma “boa política falimentar” não depende da sua previsão constitucional.
Este trabalho patenteia a sua originalidade ao proceder à observação da consagração constitucional da política falimentar, facto que irá permitir à comunidade constitucionalista, e aos restantes atores da arena política, ponderar na necessidade de efetivar o desenho constitucional da política falimentar como um instrumento de desenvolvimento económico.
Latihan Senam Dapat Menurunkan Kadar Glukosa Darah pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe II
Authors: Lubis Rifa Fadhilah , Kanzanabilla Ramadya 
Published: March 2022

Diabetes melitus tipe II adalah suatu keadaan hiperglikemia yang disebabkan gangguan pada resistensi insulin dan sekresi insulin sehingga metabolisme tubuh juga terganggu, merupakan masalah yang serius dan menjadi salah satu penyakit penyebab kematian yang cukup besar di Indonesia. Salah satu cara diabetes ini adalah dengan latihan fisik. Latihan fisik yang dianjurkan salah satunya adalah senam aerobik, yang bertujuan meningkatkan dan mempertahankan kesegaran tubuh dan dilaksanakan sesuai prinsip F.I.T.T (Frekuensi, Intensitas, Time dan Tipe). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan dengan latihan senam secara rutin dapat mengontrol dan menurunkan kadar glukosa darah pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe II. Metode yang digunakan adalah kajian pustaka dari jurnal nasional dan internasional yang meneliti tentang pengaruh latihan senam terhadap penderita diabetes mellitus tipe II. Penelusuran jurnal ini menggunakan database Google Scholar, ReasearchGate, Pubmed, ScienceDirect. Hasil penelitian dari jurnal tersebut mununjukan dengan Latihan senam yang bersifat aerobik ditentukan oleh volume, intensitas, frekuensi dan pengulangan dapat mengurangi kadar glukosa darah hingga 30mg/dL, dengan rata-rata penurunan sekitar 2% dan frekuensi olahraga rutin minimal 3 kali seminggu dengan p value = 0,001 dan OR = 4,3 , jenis olahraga aerobik seperti senam dengan p value = 0,002 dan OR = 3,1 , serta durasi olahraga 30 menit per 1 kali olahraga dengan p value 0,087 dan OR = 3,5 berhubungan dengan kadar gula darah pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2. Sehingga diperlukannya melakukan latihan senam secara teratur untuk menurunkan dan mengkontrol kadar glukosa pada penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2
Kajian Pustaka: Kurangnya Kualitas Tidur Dapat Meningkatkan Risiko Kejadian Diabetes Melitus
Authors: Br Ginting Novi Mesrina Cicionta , Mufidah Pralampita Kori 
Published: March 2022

Diabetes melitus merupakan suatu penyakit yang ditandai dengan kadar glukosa di dalam darah tinggi karena tubuh tidak dapat melepaskan atau menggunakan insulin secara adekuat. Penderita diabetes sering kita jumpai dan tingkat insiden terus meningkat tahun demi tahun. Tidur memiliki fungsi metabolik, dan beberapa penelitian menunjukkan korelasi antara kurangnya kualitas tidur dan peningkatan risiko diabetes melitus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bahwa kurangnya kualitas tidur dapat meningkatkan risiko kejadian diabetes mellitus pada orang dewasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kajian pustaka. Ada 5 jurnal yang membahas kualitas tidur dan diabetes melitus serta memenuhi kriteria inklusi yaitu kurangnya kualitas tidur meningkatkan risiko kejadian diabetes melitus yang dipublikasikan 10 tahun terakhir, serta berbahasa Indonesia dan Inggris. Sedangkan kriteria eksklusi adalah tersedianya jurnal full text. Hasil telaah dari 5 jurnal yang memenuhi kriteria didapatkan bahwa kurangnya kualitas tidur meningkatkan risiko kejadian diabetes melitus 1,6 sampai 5,24 kali lebih tinggi daripada orang yang tidurnya cukup (7-8 jam/hari) dan berkualitas. Kurangnya durasi tidur malam memicu penurunan toleransi glukosa. Para ahli yakin bahwa tidur jangka pendek dan kualitas tidur yang buruk akan memicu perubahan metabolisme tubuh. Penting bagi kita untuk menjaga pola tidur, memperhatikan durasi tidur, serta kualitas tidur.
Gambaran Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) di Era Pandemi Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) di Indonesia
Authors: Utami Febby Anugrah , Sani Faridah 
Published: March 2022

Untuk mencegah penularan Covid-19 dapat dilakukan dengan menerapkan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS). Kasus Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) terus mengalami kenaikan dengan cepat. Pencegahan dapat dilakukan dengan menerapkan PHBS (Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat). Namun, baru setengahnya rumah tangga di Indonesia yang berperilaku cuci tangan dengan benar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menjelaskan gambaran Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) dalam mencegah penularan Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode tinjauan kepustakaan (literatur review). Pada penelitian tinjauan kepustakaan ini ditelusuri 8 jurnal nasional baik yang berbahasa Indonesia maupun yang diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Inggris dengan kriteria metode penelitian bersifat kuantitatif. Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) diterapkan pada berbagai lapisan masyarakat seperti masyarakat umum, mahasiswa, dan anak-anak. Persentase cuci tangan dengan benar di masyarakat pada masa pandemi Covid-19 sudah mencapai 89%. Persentase mahasiswa yang menerapkan kebersihan diri pada masa pandemi Covid 19 sebanyak 53,41%. Anak-anak yang sudah membiasakan cuci tangan sebelum makan dan sudah beraktivitas sudah cukup banyak. Berdasarkan hasil systematic review dapat dsimpulkan persentase Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) pada masa pandemi Covid-19 di masyarakat yaitu sebanyak 52% – 77,5%. Persentase Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) pada masa pandemi Covid-19 pada mahasiswa yaitu sebanyak 49,2% – 53,1%. Persentase Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat pada usia anak yaitu sebanyak 50% - 86,49%.