bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Senescence of the immune defences and reproductive trade-offs in females of the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor
Authors: Jehan Charly , Sabarly Camille , Rigaud Thierry , Moret Yannick 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the theory of ageing, it has been assumed that ageing is associated with a decline in somatic defences, including the immune system, as a consequence of a trade-off with reproduction. While overall immunity suffers from age-related deterioration (immune senescence), the different components of the immune response appear to age differently. It is also likely that investment among the many arms of the immune system and reproduction with age is finely adjusted to the organisms' reproductive strategy. We investigated this possibility in females ofTenebrio molitor, a species of long-lived insect with reproductive strategies similar to those of long-lived mammals. We specifically tested the effects of immunological challenges imposed early or late in adult life on immune pathway activation as well as fertility early and late in life. We found complex patterns of changes in immune defences with age and age-specific immune challenges with contrasted relationships with female reproduction. While cellular and enzymatic defences showed signs of ageing, they did not trade-off with reproduction. By contrast, the induced antibacterial immune response was found to be unaffected by age and to be highly connected to female fecundity. These findings suggest that these immunological pathways have different functions with regard to female ageing in this insect species.
On the mean path length invariance property for random walks of animals in open environment
Authors: Tommasi Federico , Fini Lorenzo , Focardi Stefano , Martelli Fabrizio , Santini Giacomo , Cavalieri Stefano 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRandom walks are common in nature and are at the basis of many different phenomena that span from neutrons and light scattering to the behaviour of animals. Despite the evident differences among all these phenomena, theory predicts that they all share a common fascinating feature known as Invariance Property (IP). In a nutshell, IP means that the mean length of the total path of a random walker inside a closed domain is fixed by the geometry and size of the medium. Such a property has been demonstrated to hold not only in optics, but recently also in the field of biology, by studying the movement of bacteria. However, the range of validity of such a universal property, strictly linked to the fulfilment of equilibrium conditions and to the statistical distributions of the steps of the random walkers, is not trivial and needs to be studied in different contexts, such as in the case of biological entities occupied in random foraging in an open environment. Hence, in this paper the IP in a virtual medium inside an open environment has been studied by using actual movements of animals recorded in nature. In particular, we analysed the behaviour of a grazer mollusc, the chitonAcanthopleura granulata. The results depart from those predicted by the IP when the dimension of the medium increases. Such findings are framed in both the condition of nonequilibrium of the walkers, which is typical of animals in nature, and the characteristics of actual animal movements.
Proposal of a novel pipeline involving precise bronchoscopy of distal peripheral pulmonary lesions for genetic testing
Authors: Takata So , Miyake Kotaro , Maeda Daichi , Hatake Kazue , Nagatomo Izumi , Shiroyama Takayuki , Masuhiro Kentaro , Yaga Moto , Shirai Yuya , Mitsui Yuichi , Yachida Shinichi , Kumanogoh Atsushi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNext-generation sequencing (NGS) has become increasingly more important for lung cancer management. We now expect biopsies to be sensitive, safe, and yielding sufficient samples for NGS. In this study, we propose ultraselective biopsy (USB) with sample volume adjustment (SVA) as a novel method that integrates an ultrathin bronchoscope, radial probe endobronchial ultrasound, and the direct oblique method for ultraselective navigation, and adjustment of sample volume for NGS. Our purpose was to estimate the diagnostic potential and the applicability of USB-SVA for amplicon-based NGS analysis. The diagnostic yield of bronchoscopy in forty-nine patients with malignant peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs) was retrospectively analyzed, and amplicon-based NGS analysis was performed on samples from some patients using USB. The diagnostic yields of distal PPLs in the USB group were significantly higher than those in the non-USB group (90.5% vs. 50%, respectively, p = 0.015). The extracted amounts of nucleic acids were at least five times the minimum requirement and the sequence quality met the criteria for the Oncomine™ Target Test. Only the tumor cell content of some samples was insufficient. The feasibility of the pipeline for USB, SVA, and amplicon-based NGS in distal PPLs was demonstrated.
Uncertainties in tropical cyclone landfall decay
Authors: Chan Kelvin T. F. , Chan Johnny C. L. , Zhang Kailin , Wu Yue 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the responses of landfalling tropical cyclones to a changing climate has been a topic of great interest and research. Among them, the recently reported slowdown of tropical cyclone landfall decay in a warming climate engenders controversy. Here, the global climatology of landfall decay, based on the tropical cyclone best-track data available, reveals that the reported trends are uncertain and not universal, but spatial, temporal, data, and methodology dependent such that any claim of a climate trend could be misleading at present. The effective area of moisture supply from the ocean, most likely determined by the landfalling track modes, is demonstrated to be an important factor for the decay. This study provides timely essential clarifications of the current contentious understanding.
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) facilitates norepinephrine transporter dimerization and modulates substrate efflux
Authors: Luethi Dino , Maier Julian , Rudin Deborah , Szöllősi Dániel , Angenoorth Thomas J. F. , Stankovic Stevan , Schittmayer Matthias , Burger Isabella , Yang Jae-Won , Jaentsch Kathrin , Holy Marion , Das Anand Kant , Brameshuber Mario , Camacho-Hernandez Gisela Andrea , Casiraghi Andrea , Newman Amy Hauck , Kudlacek Oliver , Birner-Gruenberger Ruth , Stockner Thomas , Schütz Gerhard J. , Sitte Harald H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe plasmalemmal norepinephrine transporter (NET) regulates cardiovascular sympathetic activity by clearing extracellular norepinephrine in the synaptic cleft. Here, we investigate the subunit stoichiometry and function of NET using single-molecule fluorescence microscopy and flux assays. In particular, we show the effect of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) on NET oligomerization and efflux. NET forms monomers (~60%) and dimers (~40%) at the plasma membrane. PIP2 depletion results in a decrease in the average oligomeric state and decreases NET-mediated substrate efflux while not affecting substrate uptake. Mutation of the putative PIP2 binding residues R121, K334, and R440 to alanines does not affect NET dimerization but results in decreased substrate efflux that is not altered upon PIP2 depletion; this indicates that PIP2 interactions with these residues affect NET-mediated efflux. A dysregulation of norepinephrine and PIP2 signaling have both been implicated in neuropsychiatric and cardiovascular diseases. This study provides evidence that PIP2 directly regulates NET organization and function.
Modernizing cement manufacturing in China leads to substantial environmental gains
Authors: Xu Xiaozhen , Huang Beijia , Liu Litao , Cao Zhi , Gao Xiaofeng , Mao Ruichang , Duan Lian , Chen Yanxi , Wang Yuyue , Liu Gang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractChina has witnessed a construction boom and thus an enormous amount of cement use in the past decades. At the same time, cement manufacturing technology has been upgraded rapidly. Here, based on national- and provincial-level data, we adopt regression models, life cycle assessment, and scenario analyses to present the evolution and environmental impacts of cement manufacturing technologies from 1996 to 2021. We find that novel suspension preheater rotary kilns account for approximately 99% of cement production in China in 2021. Climate change and fossil depletion are identified as the key environmental burdens of cement manufacturing, whereas the reduction in particulate matter emissions appears to be the most prominent benefit of the new technology. By 2021, technology upgrades had led to a mitigation of pollution from cement manufacturing by 25% to 53%. Our findings can help inform credible pathways towards a more sustainable and environmentally friendly cement industry.
Analysis of DNMT1 gene variants in progression of neural tube defects—an in silico to in vitro approach
Authors: Sadhukhan Susanta , Paul Nirvika , Ghosh Sudakshina , Munian Dinesh , Ganguly Kausik , Ghosh Krishnendu , Sengupta Mainak , Das Madhusudan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Neural tube defects (NTDs) are significant congenital deformities of the central nervous system among which spina bifida is the most common form that occurs due to defect in the neurulation process of embryogenesis. NTDs are among the most common type of birth defects occurring at a range of 0.5–10 in every 1000 live births worldwide and are thought to have multifactorial etiology, including multigenetic and epigenetic notions. Epigenetic regulations control differential gene expression in normal and disease phenotypes. DNA methylation is a significant epigenetic process, guided by DNMT1, one of the most important maintenance methylating agents. However, the relationship between DNMT1 and NTDs had always been inconclusive and poorly understood. In the present study, by utilizing in silico methodologies we tried to figure out potent single nucleotide variants (SNVs) that could play roles in generating functional differences in DNMT1 expression and we also tried to check (by in vitro method) if there is any connection between DNMT1 expression and spina bifida condition. A number of coding and non-coding (both intragenic and intergenic) SNVs of DNMT1 were found (using the in silico methods) that have potentials to alter its expression. From the in vitro experimentations, differential DNMT1 RNA expressions were found between spina bifida affected newborns and their respective mothers when compared with controls. It is the first report of NTD from Eastern India precisely showing inverse correlation between DNMT1 expression and occurrence of NTD. The findings of the present study could be further considered for early prognosis and future experimental designs.
Hydroamination of Carbodiimides Catalyzed by Lithium Triethylborohydride
Authors: Pang Ziyuan , Du Zonggang , Wen Xin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCommercially available lithium triethylborohydride (LiHBEt3) with a lower load of 0.5 mol% acts as an efficient catalyst for the hydroamination of various carbodiimides. It achieved good functional group tolerance under mild and solvent-free conditions. The possible mechanism and pathways of LiHBEt3 catalyzing the hydroamination of various carbodiimides are proposed.
How a Digital Case Management Platform Affects Community-Based Palliative Care of Sub-Saharan African Cancer Patients: Clinician-Users' Perspectives
Authors: Ho Yun Xian , Morse Robert S. , Lambden Kaley , Mushi Beatrice P. , Ngoma Mamsau , Mahuna Habiba , Ngoma Twalib , Miesfeldt Susan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background Symptom control among cancer patients is a Tanzanian public health priority impacted by limited access to palliative care (PC) specialists and resources. Mobile Palliative Care Link (mPCL), a mobile/web application, aims to extend specialist access via shared care with local health workers (LHWs) with the African Palliative care Outcome Scale (POS) adapted for regular, automated symptom assessment as a core feature.
Objective The aim of the study is to assess clinicians' attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions regarding mPCL usability and utility with their patients within a government-supported, urban Tanzanian cancer hospital setting.
Methods We used a mixed methods approach including surveys, qualitative interviews, and system usage data to assess clinicians' experience with mPCL in a field study where discharged, untreatable cancer patients were randomized to mPCL or phone-contact POS collection.
Results All six specialists and 10 LHWs expressed overall satisfaction with mPCL among 49 intervention arm patients. They perceived mPCL as a way to stay connected with patients and support remote symptom control. Timely access to POS responses and medical records were identified as key benefits. Some differences in perceptions of mPCL use and utility were seen between clinician groups; however, both expressed strong interest in continuing app use, recommending it to colleagues, and extending use throughout Tanzania. Primary use was for clinical status communication and care coordination. Pain and other symptom progression were the most frequently reported reasons for provider–patient interactions accounting for 34% (n = 44) and 12% (n = 15) of reasons, respectively. Usage barriers included time required to create a new clinical record, perceived need for response to non-urgent reminders or alerts, and training. necessary for competent use. System-level implementation barriers included variable patient access to smartphones and SIM cards and unreliable Internet access.
Conclusion This work demonstrates broad clinician desire for digital health tools to support remote community-based PC among cancer patients, particularly pain management.
Electronic properties and storage capability of two-dimensional nitridosilicate MnSi2N4 from first-principles
Authors: Tian Meng , Wei Chaohui , Zhang Jinlei , Wang Zhaoxiang 
Published: November 2022

Through first-principles calculations, we successfully identified a two-dimensional layered nitridosilicate-MnSi2N4 in hexagonal structure, as a novel anode for lithium (Li) and sodium (Na) ion batteries. Phonon and molecular dynamics simulations manifest the favorable dynamic stability of MnSi2N4. The predicted material exhibits metallic behavior with high Young’s modulus of 457 GPa and aqueous insolubility. MnSi2N4 possesses low diffusion barrier for Li (0.32 eV) and Na (0.19 eV), as well as high storage capacity as an anode for Li (320 mAh g−1) and Na (160 mAh g−1) ion batteries, respectively. These properties, including excellent electronic conductivity, low diffusion barrier, and high storage capacity, enable MnSi2N4 a promising anode for Li and Na ion batteries.
Answering overt wh-questions
Authors: Onea Edgar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

It-clefts in English, their French and German counterparts and pre-verbal focus in Hungarian have
been claimed to be semantically related constructions. For example, É. Kiss (1998)
terms them identificational focus and Destruel et al. (2015) coin them
inquiry-terminating (IT) constructions. Despite their similarities, these constructions also exhibit one
major distributional difference: Clefts are usually no natural answers to overt wh-questions whereas pre-verbal
focus in Hungarian constitutes the default question-answering strategy. In this paper, I show that it is possible to account for
this difference within the Rational Speech Act model (Frank & Goodman 2012) without
assuming any semantic differences between the structures. Thereby, I capitalize on the number of alternative constructions that
could be used to answer overt wh-questions in the various languages under discussion and on a remarkable semantic
property of the constructions under discussion that relates to the way they encode exhaustivity.
Neutron skin thickness of 90Zr and symmetry energy constrained by charge exchange spin-dipole excitations*
Authors: Cheng Shi-Hui , Wen Jing , Cao Li-Gang , Zhang Feng-Shou 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The charge exchange spin-dipole (SD) excitations of

Zr are studied using the Skyrme Hartee-Fock plus proton-neutron random phase approximation with SAMi-J interactions. The experimental value of the model-independent sum rule obtained from the SD strength distributions of

Zr(p, n)

Nb and

Zr(n, p)

Y is used to deduce the neutron skin thickness. The neutron skin thickness

of

Zr is extracted as

fm, which is similar to the results of other studies. Based on the correlation analysis of the neutron skin thickness

and the nuclear symmetry energy J as well as its slope parameter L, a constraint from the extracted

leads to the limitation of J to

MeV and L to

MeV.
Semi-empirical correlations and an artificial neural network for liquid dynamic viscosity of low GWP refrigerants
Authors: Di Nicola G , Tomassetti S , Pierantozzi M , Muciaccia P F 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this work, simple semi-empirical correlations to describe the temperature and the pressure dependence of the dynamic viscosity of low GWP refrigerants, namely HydroFluoroOlefins (HFOs) and HydroChloroFluoroOlefins (HCFOs), in the liquid phase are presented. Firstly, the experimental liquid dynamic viscosity data available in scientific literature and databases were collected and statistically analyzed. From the data collected for low pressures, the Latini et al. (2002, 1990) correlation for the dynamic viscosity of liquid refrigerants in saturated conditions was re-fitted and constants expressly dedicated to the studied low GWP refrigerants were obtained. Then, the proposed temperature-dependent correlation was modified to represent liquid dynamic viscosity dependence on pressure. In addition, an artificial neural network was developed to predict the dependence of the liquid viscosity of the studied refrigerants on temperature and pressure. This model was trained, validated, and tested for the selected dataset. The results of the proposed correlations and the multi-layer perceptron neural network were compared with the liquid viscosity calculations provided by some of the most well-known literature correlations and REFPROP 10.0, proving the accuracy of the proposed models for engineering applications.
Comparative investigation of surface modification and corrosion behaviour on SS304 and SS316 Coated with Inconel 625 in Air and Molten Salt Environment
Authors: Sundaram Sabanayagam , Singaravelu Chockalingam , Malaiperumal Vikneswaran 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The high operating temperature-based industry extensively requires coating of material surfaces that are subjected to a high-temperature environment to improve their surface and resistance to corrosion. The current study investigated the surface modification and corrosion behaviour of Inconel 625 coated SS304 and SS316 materials in an air and molten salt environment at 800 °C. The plasma spray method was used to coat the Inconel 625 powder over the substrates. Techniques like quantitative weight gain/loss method, surface roughness, hardness measurement, and characterization through microstructure analysis were used to characterize and analyze the corrosion behaviour and microstructure of Inconel coated SS. It was observed that the coat had a noticeably layered structure with layers parallel to the surface of the substrate. The experimental results revealed that the uncoated SS suffered corrosion in the form of residue and peeling up of its oxide scale. Whereas the surface of the IN625 coated SS showed excellent resistance to corrosion formation. It was found that the coating lowered the mass gain of the SS316 by 65% when compared to uncoated SS.
Bio-based poly(ethylene furanoate)/ZnO transparent thin films with improved water vapor barrier and antibacterial properties for food packaging application
Authors: Zhu Chaoting , Yin Jianbing , Zhang Zhilong , Shi Feng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Poly(ethylene furanoate) (PEF) biocomposite films incorporating zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnO NPs) were prepared using a solvent casting method. The ZnO NPs were homogeneously dispersed within the PEF films with the aid of γ−aminopropyltriethoxylsilane (APTES). The water vapor barrier, optical transmittance and antimicrobial properties of the PEF/ZnO films were tested. Water vapor permeability (WVP) and transmittance in the visible (400–800 nm) region of control PEF film were 6.92 × 10–12 g·m m−2 · s·Pa and 87.3%, respectively. WVP value of PEF films decreased 43.2% through ZnO NPs compounding. On the contrary, transmittance of PEF films decreased 6.8% due to the absorption and scattering of ZnO NPs. In addition, the PEF film with modified ZnO NPs exhibited a bacteriostatic rate up to 97.0% after 3 h. Thus, the PEF/ZnO films show great potential in the field of food packaging.
Research campaign: Macroscopic quantum resonators (MAQRO)
Authors: Kaltenbaek Rainer , Arndt Markus , Aspelmeyer Markus , Barker Peter F , Bassi Angelo , Bateman James , Belenchia Alessio , Bergé Joel , Braxmaier Claus , Bose Sougato , Christophe Bruno , Cole Garrett D , Curceanu Catalina , Datta Animesh , Debiossac Maxime , Delić Uroš , Diósi Lajos , Geraci Andrew A , Gerlich Stefan , Guerlin Christine , Hechenblaikner Gerald , Heidmann Antoine , Herrmann Sven , Hornberger Klaus , Johann Ulrich , Kiesel Nikolai , Lämmerzahl Claus , LeBrun Thomas W , Milburn Gerard J , Millen James , Mohageg Makan , Moore David C , Morley Gavin W , Nimmrichter Stefan , Novotny Lukas , Oi Daniel K L , Paternostro Mauro , Riedel C Jess , Rodrigues Manuel , Rondin Loïc , Roura Albert , Schleich Wolfgang P , Schuldt Thilo , Stickler Benjamin A , Ulbricht Hendrik , Vogt Christian , Wörner Lisa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The objective of the proposed macroscopic quantum resonators (MAQRO) mission is to harness space for achieving long free-fall times, extreme vacuum, nano-gravity, and cryogenic temperatures to test the foundations of physics in macroscopic quantum experiments at the interface with gravity. Developing the necessary technologies, achieving the required sensitivities and providing the necessary isolation of macroscopic quantum systems from their environment will lay the path for developing novel quantum sensors. Earlier studies showed that the proposal is feasible but that several critical challenges remain, and key technologies need to be developed. Recent scientific and technological developments since the original proposal of MAQRO promise the potential for achieving additional science objectives. The proposed research campaign aims to advance the state of the art and to perform the first macroscopic quantum experiments in space. Experiments on the ground, in micro-gravity, and in space will drive the proposed research campaign during the current decade to enable the implementation of MAQRO within the subsequent decade.