bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Silicon nanocrystal synthesis with the atmospheric plasma source HelixJet
Authors: Dworschak Maren , Kohlmann Niklas , Matějka Filip , Galář Pavel , Kienle Lorenz , Schäfer Jan , Benedikt Jan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe HelixJet, a plasma source operating under atmospheric pressure with RF power, was used for the synthesis of silicon nanoparticles (Si‐NPs) in the context of relevance in nanomedicine, sensor technology, and nanotechnology. The HelixJet was operated with a variety of He/Ar/H2/SiH4 gas mixtures to characterize the Si‐NPs in regard to their size, crystallinity, structure, and photoluminescence. Distinct varieties of nanomaterials in the size range from 3 nm to over 100 nm were synthesized depending on the operation parameters of the HelixJet. Admixture of H2 alongside high RF powers led to the formation of crystalline nanoparticles with a strong photoluminescence intensity, where the photoluminescence properties as well as the nanocrystal synthesis yield were tunable by adjustment of the synthesis parameters. Post‐synthesis in‐flight annealing allowed the formation of large crystalline nanoparticles. In addition, the experiments conducted in this study resulted in a design improvement of the HelixJet plasma source that extends the stability of the operating range. Furthermore, the added spatial separation of the He/H2 and He/Ar/SiH4 streams (SiH4 injection on‐axis) minimizes material deposition within the HelixJet and enables continuous long‐term operation.
Spatial and social mobility in England: The persistence of the ‘Escalator’ effect for the millennial generation
Authors: Yu Yang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRegional disparities in social mobility have long been apparent in Britain. Recent decades have seen a growing level of spatial inequalities in terms of social, economic and employment opportunities. Empirical studies suggest not only what do your parents do, but also where do you come from, profoundly influences one's life opportunities, London and the Southeast are consistently shown to be areas with more social mobility than the rest of country. This study presents an updated estimate of the extent of social mobility across regions in England, and more importantly, how this has been conditional on cross‐region migration. By using national representative survey data covering a decade (2005–2015), the results show considerable variations in the regional estimates of both absolute and relative mobility. In particular, London was found to be leading on social mobility measures in nationwide comparisons, supporting previous findings that London plays an important national role in Britain's social mobility. In addition, separate analysis for samples of cross‐region ‘movers’ and ‘stayers’ suggests that migration is associated with social upward mobility, with London still functioning as an ‘escalator‘ region providing better opportunities for those who move there from elsewhere the country. This persistence of the ‘escalator region’ effect for the millennial generation in England underlines how unequal economic geography continues to shape opportunity and trajectories of mobility for individuals.
Annealed Covalent Organic Framework Thin Films for Exceptional Absorption of Ultrabroad Low‐Frequency Electromagnetic Waves
Authors: Li Yaling , Gao Xinpei , Wang Ming , Gao Yanan , Jiang Donglin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDifferent from harvesting of ultraviolet and visible lights via electronic transitions, absorption of low‐frequency electromagnetic waves is sophisticated in mechanism and poor in efficiency, imposing the structural design arduous and challenging. Here, the first example of exploring covalent organic frameworks for highly efficient absorption of low‐frequency electromagnetic waves is reported. Three pyrene frameworks are synthesized and annealed into porous networks, which upon mixture with paraffin are processed into thin films with tunable thickness. The films absorb ultrabroad low‐frequency electromagnetic waves covering S, C, X, and Ku bands and achieve exceptional efficiency of 99.999% with a thickness of only 2.5 mm and a loading content of only 20%. This result originates from a synergistic effect of conductivity, heteroatoms, and pores and outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art polymers, carbons, and metals. This approach opens a way to electromagnetic wave absorption.
The effect of dietary supplementation of coenzyme Q10 on reproductive variables of cadmium‐challenged male Japanese quails (Coturnix Japonica)
Authors: Irani Saba , Zhandi Mahdi , Sadeghi Mostafa , Yousefi Ali Reza , Marzban Havva , Rafieian‐Naeini Hamid Reza 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn recent decades, efforts to produce more efficient poultry products have increased due to its high demand. Meanwhile, some stressors have a negative impact on poultry efficiency and reproduction. Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal with a high potential for inducing reactive oxygen species. On the other hand, coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), with antioxidant properties, exerts a free radical‐neutralizing effect on biological systems under stressful conditions.ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the effect of dietary CoQ10 supplementation on reproductive variables of Cd‐challenged male quails.MethodsTwo hundred and sixteen 42‐day‐old Japanese quails with a male‐to‐female ratio of 1:3 were randomly divided into three experimental groups (n = 72) and fed by experimental diets from 9 to 13 weeks of age (woa). Treatments included a negative control (NC): feeding basal diet; positive control (PC): feeding basal diet and Cd administration (1 mg per 100 g body weight at 10 and 11 woa); and CdQ10: dietary supplementation of CoQ10 (900 mg per kg diet) and Cd administration. At 10 and 13 woa, liver and testis, cloacal gland index, sera concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and testosterone, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), testicular histology, mRNA abundance of Hsp70 and fatty acid profile of testis, as well as hatchability and fertility, were measured.ResultsLiver and testis weights, cloacal gland index, serum concentration of testosterone, ALT, MDA, TAC, mRNA abundance of HSP70, hatchability, and fertility were not affected by the treatments. However, Cd administration decreased seminiferous tubule diameter and seminiferous epithelium thickness (SET) in the PC group compared to the NC group (p < 0.05). The proportion of saturated fatty acids (SFA) in testis tissue was increased, and the proportion of PUFA and n‐3 to n‐6 PUFA ratio was decreased in the PC group compared to the NC group (p < 0.05). In addition, CoQ10 supplementation ameliorated the effect of Cd on decreasing SFA and increasing n‐3 to n‐6 PUFA ratio proportions.ConclusionsIn conclusion, Cd exerts several adverse effects on reproductive‐associated variables; some, but not all, of them are mitigated by CoQ10 supplementation.
Rassistische Praktiken bei der Schutz- und Kriminalpolizei – Die Bedeutung der polizeilichen Felder für die Konstruktion von Tatverdächtigen
Authors: Hunold Daniela 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag geht der Frage nach, welche Felder und Handlungslogiken der zwei wesentlichen Bereiche der Polizei – der Schutz- und Kriminalpolizei – mit rassistischen Handlungspraktiken assoziiert sein können. Es wird deutlich, dass die schutzpolizeiliche Handlungsgrundlage der Gefahrenabwehr mit stereotypen Konstruktionen von Tatverdächtigen zusammenhängen, die rassifizierende Zuschreibungen enthalten können. Insgesamt basieren Tatverdächtigenkonstruktionen im Rahmen der Gefahrenabwehr im Wesentlichen auf äußere Erscheinungen. Diese spielen in der kriminalpolizeilichen Praxis eine geringere Rolle, vielmehr besitzen hier Zuordnungsprozesse von Informationen zu konstruierten bzw. ermittelten Tatverdächtigengruppen eine Bedeutung, die ebenfalls rassifizierende Zuschreibungen widerspiegeln können.
Verräumlichte Wahrnehmung
Authors: Belina Bernd 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungVerräumlichte Wahrnehmung ist im Alltag lebensnotwendig, wird aber zum Problem, wenn sie sich verselbständigt und in der polizeilichen Praxis handlungsleitend wird. Wenn die Polizei in Räumen, die sie mit Gefahr und Kriminalität in Verbindung bringt – und das sind meist solche, in denen Minderheiten und Randgruppen anzutreffen sind –, anders agiert als in solchen, die sie für harmlos hält, bedeutet das notwendig, dass Minderheiten und Randgruppen stärker kontrolliert werden. Über den „Umweg“ des „kriminellen Raums“ poliziert sie auf diese Weise tendenziell diskriminierend.
Polizeikultur(en)
Authors: Behrendes Udo 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungZunächst werden kurz Entwicklungsprozesse der Polizei der Bundesrepublik Deutschland betrachtet, die in den vergangenen 70 Jahren für Veränderungen ihres Berufsbildes und ihrer Organisationskultur(en) bedeutsam waren. Auf Grundlage dieser Bestandaufnahme werden dann solche Aspekte der Polizeikultur(en) näher beleuchtet, die besondere Relevanz für das Themenfeld „Rassismus und Diskriminierung“ haben. Davon ausgehend werden „Kulturentwicklungspfade“ zur Minimierung entsprechender Risikokonstellationen markiert.
Rechtlicher Schutz vor polizeilicher Diskriminierung aus rassistischen Gründen
Authors: Ruch Andreas 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag legt dar, dass die Rechtsordnung nicht nur die zielgerichtete Ungleichbehandlung aufgrund rassistisch motivierter Zuschreibungen verbietet. Die Polizei hat es auch zu unterlassen, die Hautfarbe mit anderen Kriterien zu verbinden und auf dieser Grundlage über die Durchführung von Eingriffsmaßnahmen zu entscheiden. Dieser Diskriminierungsschutz ist auch dann keiner Einschränkung zugänglich, wenn polizeiliche Lagebilder die erhöhte Auffälligkeit einer bestimmten, anhand phänotypischer Merkmale vermeintlich eingrenzbaren Täter:innengruppierung nahelegen. Konkretisiert wird dieser verfassungsrechtliche Schutzauftrag durch landesrechtliche Antidiskriminierungsvorschriften. Deren Regelungsinhalt umfasst auch Kriterien zur Verteilung der Beweislast bei Diskriminierungsklagen.
Rassistische Einstellungen von Polizeibeamt:innen
Authors: Wegner Maren , Ellrich Karoline 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Aufsatz unternimmt den Versuch, Forschungsergebnisse aus drei Dekaden, die Rückschlüsse auf die Verbreitung und Ausgestaltung rassistischer Einstellungsmuster innerhalb der Polizei liefern, pointiert zusammenzufassen und eine zeitgenössische Neubewertung selbiger vorzunehmen. Im Zuge dessen werden Forschungsdesiderate identifiziert und eine ganzheitlichere Betrachtungsweise, die verschiedene individuelle wie strukturelle Analyseebenen in einem multimodalen Ansatz vereint, aufgezeigt.
Duality defects in E8
Authors: Burbano Ivan M. , Kulp Justin , Neuser Jonas 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We classify all non-invertible Kramers-Wannier duality defects in the E8 lattice Vertex Operator Algebra (i.e. the chiral (E8)1 WZW model) coming from ℤm symmetries. We illustrate how these defects are systematically obtainable as ℤ2 twists of invariant sub-VOAs, compute defect partition functions for small m, and verify our results against other techniques. Throughout, we focus on taking a physical perspective and highlight the important moving pieces involved in the calculations. Kac’s theorem for finite automorphisms of Lie algebras and contemporary results on holomorphic VOAs play a role. We also provide a perspective from the point of view of (2+1)d Topological Field Theory and provide a rigorous proof that all corresponding Tambara-Yamagami actions on holomorphic VOAs can be obtained in this manner. We include a list of directions for future studies.
Sensitivities on dark photon from the forward physics experiments
Authors: Cheung Kingman , Ouseph C. J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Neutrino-electron scattering experiments can explore the potential presence of a light gauge boson A′ which arises from an additional U(1)B−L group, or a dark photon A′ which arises from a dark sector and has kinetic mixing with the SM hypercharge gauge field. We generically call it a dark photon. In this study, we investigate the effect of the dark photon on neutrino-electron scattering νe−→ νe− at the newly proposed forward physics experiments such as FASERν, FASERν2, SND@LHC and FLArE(10 tons). We estimate the anticipated sensitivities to the U(1)B−L gauge coupling in a wide range of the dark photon mass MA′. We compare the sensitivities of the proposed forward physics experiments with the current limits from TEXONO, GEMMA, BOREXINO, LSND, and CHARM II as well as NA64e experiments. We also extend the calculation to obtain the sensitivities on the kinetic mixing parameter ϵ in a wide range of dark photon mass MA′. We demonstrate that the sensitivities do not improve for MA′< 1 GeV at the Forward Physics Facilities.
Topological susceptibility of Nf = 2 + 1 QCD from staggered fermions spectral projectors at high temperatures
Authors: Athenodorou Andreas , Bonanno Claudio , Bonati Claudio , Clemente Giuseppe , D’Angelo Francesco , D’Elia Massimo , Maio Lorenzo , Martinelli Guido , Sanfilippo Francesco , Todaro Antonino 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We compute the topological susceptibility of Nf = 2 + 1 QCD with physical quark masses in the high-temperature phase, using numerical simulations of the theory discretized on a space-time lattice. More precisely we estimate the topological susceptibility for five temperatures in the range from ∼ 200 MeV up to ∼ 600 MeV, adopting the spectral projectors definition of the topological charge based on the staggered Dirac operator. This strategy turns out to be effective in reducing the large lattice artifacts which affect the standard gluonic definition, making it possible to perform a reliable continuum extrapolation. Our results for the susceptibility in the explored temperature range are found to be partially in tension with previous determinations in the literature.
Burgers’ Equation Revisited: Extension of Mono-Dimensional Case on a Network
Authors: Mucha Piotr Bogusław , Puchalska Aleksandra 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe paper deals with the analysis of Burgers’ equation on acyclic metric graphs. The main goal is to establish the existence of weak solutions in the TV—class of regularity. A key point is transmission conditions in vertices obeying the Kirchhoff law. First, we consider positive solutions at arbitrary acyclic networks and highlight two kinds of vertices, describing two mechanisms of flow splitting at the vertex. Next we design rules at vertices for solutions of arbitrary sign for any subgraph of hexagonal grid, which leads to a construction of general solutions with TV—regularity for this class of networks. Introduced transmission conditions are motivated by the change of the energy estimation.
Human–computer interaction tools with gameful design for critical thinking the media ecosystem: a classification framework
Authors: Musi Elena , Federico Lorenzo , Riotta Gianni 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn response to the ever-increasing spread of online disinformation and misinformation, several human–computer interaction tools to enhance data literacy have been developed. Among them, many employ elements of gamification to increase user engagement and reach out to a broader audience. However, there are no systematic criteria to analyze their relevance and impact for building fake news resilience, partly due to the lack of a common understanding of data literacy. In this paper we put forward an operationalizable definition of data literacy as a form of multidimensional critical thinking. We then survey 22 existing tools and classify them according to a framework of 10 criteria pointing to their gameful design and educational features. Through a comparative/contrastive analysis informed by a focus group, we provide a principled set of guidelines to develop more efficient human–computer interaction tools to teach how to critically think in the current media ecosystem.
No adverse effects of symbiotic control on the parasitism of Halyomorpha halys by egg parasitoids
Authors: Orrù Bianca , Moraglio Silvia T. , Tortorici Francesco , Gonella Elena , Tavella Luciana , Alma Alberto 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe brown marmorated stink bug Halyomorpha halys is a polyphagous insect, which has a devastating impact on agricultural production in many countries. The alteration of symbiont vertical transmission, by removing symbionts from stink bug eggs (symbiotic control), has been recently introduced in control programmes against this insect. A major advantage of this strategy is the compatibility with natural enemies, since it allows an insecticide-free approach that is not harmful to other agroecosystem components. However, the effect of anti-symbiont products on parasitism by egg parasitoids is still unexplored. Here, we investigated the impact on parasitism by native (Anastatus bifasciatus, Ooencyrtus telenomicida and Trissolcus kozlovi) and exotic (Trissolcus japonicus and Trissolcus mitsukurii) parasitoids that attack H. halys eggs, after treatment with the micronutrient biocomplex Dentamet®, used for symbiotic control. The native wasp species were tested in no-choice bioassays, showing that treatment of the egg masses did not affect emergence percentages, but the non-reproductive effects were often reduced by the biocomplex. The exotic species T. japonicus and T. mitsukurii were used in no-choice and paired choice bioassays, showing an opposite influence of Dentamet® on emergence percentage and preference in the two species. No-choice tests indicated the highest successful parasitoid emergence on biocomplex-treated egg masses for T. japonicus, while no preference in the paired comparison with eggs treated with water or untreated. In contrast, T. mitsukurii displayed the lowest parasitism after Dentamet® treatment in no-choice tests, and preferred egg masses without Dentamet® in paired choice tests. We did not record any natural symbiont acquisition by the parasitoids emerged from H. halys egg masses, indicating that the wasp fitness is very unlikely to be altered by dysbiotic effects resulting from treatments. Therefore, our results support a further implementation of symbiotic control in different crops in combination with biological control, as sustainable options for H. halys integrated pest management.
Intellectual property meets transdisciplinary co-design: prioritizing responsiveness in the production of new AgTech through located response-ability
Authors: Burch Karly Ann , Nafus Dawn , Legun Katharine , Klerkx Laurens 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper explores the complex relationship between intellectual property (IP) and the transdisciplinary collaborative design (co-design) of new digital technologies for agriculture (AgTech). More specifically, it explores how prioritizing the capturing of IP as a central researcher responsibility can cause disruptions to research relationships and project outcomes. We argue that boundary-making processes associated with IP create a particular context through which responsibility can, and must, be located and cultivated by researchers working within transdisciplinary collaborations. We draw from interview data and situated IP practices from a transdisciplinary co-design project in Aotearoa New Zealand to illustrate how IP is a fluid boundary-requiring-and-producing object that impels researchers into its management, and produces tensions that need to be noticed and skillfully navigated within research relations. We propose located response-ability as a conceptual tool and practice to reposition IP within the relations that make up a transdisciplinary co-design project, as opposed to prioritizing IP by default without recognizing its possible impacts on collaborative relations and other project aims and accountabilities. This can support researchers practicing responsible innovation in making everyday decisions on how to protect potential IP without disrupting the collaborative relations that make the creation of potential IP possible, and the existence of protected IP relevant and beneficial to project collaborators and wider societal actors. This may help to ensure that societal benefits can be generated, and positive science–society relationships prioritized and preserved, in the design of new AgTech.
Two factor-based models of precedential constraint: a comparison and proposal
Authors: Mullins Robert 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe article considers two different interpretations of the reason model of precedent pioneered by John Horty. On a plausible interpretation of the reason model, past cases provide reasons to prioritize reasons favouring the same outcome as a past case over reasons favouring the opposing outcome. Here I consider the merits of this approach to the role of precedent in legal reasoning in comparison with a closely related view favoured by some legal theorists, according to which past cases provide reasons for undercutting (or ‘excluding’) reasons favouring the opposing outcome. After embedding both accounts within a general default logic, I note some important differences between the two approaches that emerge as a result of plausible distinctions between rebutting and undercutting defeat in formal models of legal reasoning. These differences stem from the ‘preference independence’ of undercutting defeat . Undercutting reasons succeed in defeating opposing reasons irrespective of their relative strength. As a result, the two accounts differ in their account of the way in which precedents constrain judicial reasoning. I conclude by suggesting that the two approaches can be integrated within a single model, in which the distinction between undercutting and rebutting defeat is used to account for the distinction between strict and persuasive forms of precedential constraint.
Fragility curves of Italian school buildings: derivation from L’Aquila 2009 earthquake damage via observational and heuristic approaches
Authors: Di Ludovico Marco , Cattari Serena , Verderame Gerardo , Del Vecchio Ciro , Ottonelli Daria , Del Gaudio Carlo , Prota Andrea , Lagomarsino Sergio 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecent seismic events worldwide have demonstrated the high vulnerability of existing school buildings and the urgent need to have reliable tools for the rapid seismic performance assessment and damage and loss quantification. Indeed, the significant damage observed on structural and non-structural components may have a significant impact in terms of direct and indirect losses making critical the recovery of stricken communities. Although a significant amount of work has been done in developing fragility curves for the residential building stock, only few contributions clearly refer to school buildings that significantly differ in terms of the main characteristics from the residential ones. This research work proposes fragility curves for reinforced concrete and unreinforced masonry public school buildings typical of the Italian building stock, based on the damage observed in the aftermath of the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake. A comprehensive and unique database including data on damaged and undamaged school buildings (2037 records) in the Abruzzo region was built using data from four different sources. Due to limited amount of data, the fragility curves can be very sensitive to the method adopted for their derivation, thus three different approaches (i.e. empirical, empirical-binomial, heuristic) are considered in the paper and the results are compared. Finally, a direct comparison with fragility curves available in the literature for the Italian residential building stock is presented.