bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Control of Colorado Potato Beetle in Direct Seeded Tomatoes with Systemic Insecticides, 1979
Authors: Linduska James J. , Bagley P. C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Chico III and Campbell 28 tomatoes were direct seeded in alternating rows with a Planet Jr. Chico III tomatoes were planted on May 29 and Campbell 28 tomatoes were planted on Jun 13. The Chico III tomatoes served as buffer rows and were planted early so as to encourage an infestation of Colorado potato beetle. Plots consisted of a single row of tomatoes 25-ft long, buffered on each side by a guard row. Distance between rows was 6 ft. When plants were 2-3 inches tall they were thinned so as to provide clumps of 3 tomatoes plants spaced 12-inches apart. The plots were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. The 4 and 12 inch band treatments were applied pre-plant using an electric drive Gandy (Model 901-2) applicator. They were incorporated into the top 3-5 inches of soil. The 24 inch band treatments were applied with a small push type Gandy applicator and were also incorporated into the top 3-5 inches of soil. A single spout electric drive Gandy applicator was used to apply the furrow treatments. An adjustable furrow opener was attached to the front of the planter, thereby, allowing the insecticide to be applied In a furrow 2 inches below the seed at planting time. Soil temp at the 4 inch depth at the time of treatment was 60 ° F. The treatment rows were seeded with Campbell 28 tomatoes the same day (Jun 13) that insecticides were applied. Soil was classified as a Norfolk “A” loamy sand. When plants were 6-8 inches tall, 10 plants were selected at random in each plot and rated visually to the nearest 10% defoliation. Yield data were taken from a 10 ft section in the center of each plot. Yield data from 3 different harvest dates were combined and reported in tons/acre. Plots were irrigated when moisture was below normal.
Tomato Insect Control, 1977
Authors: Sorensen Kenneth A. , Thompson Michael L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
'Stakeless' tomatoes were transplanted into 6 single-row plots 26-ft long on 48-inch centers with 3-ft alleys between blocks on May 11 near Benson, NC. Plots were arranged in a randomized complete block design and replicated 4 times. Treatments were applied weekly beginning Jul 20 and ending Aug 17 for a total of 5 applications. Maneb fungicide was applied at all spray dates. All sprays were applied at the rate equiva lent to 100 gal/acre using a 2.5-gallon CO2 pressurized hand sprayer equipped with a hollow cone nozzle operated at 40 psi. Allripe, red fruit was evaluated for fruitworm damage before each spray. Whitefly infestation ratings were made on 3 plants/plot on Aug 19.
Effect of Spring Foliar Sprays on Alfalfa Arthropods, 1979
Authors: Pienkowski R. L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Sprays were applied to 21 × 21 ft plots in a 2 year old stand of ca 15 inch tall alfalfa near Blacksburg, Va. on May 7'79, using a hand sprayer at a rate of 20 gal/acre. Treatments were replicated 3 times. Numbers are mean counts per 10 pendulum sweeps with a 15 inch net ± standard error.
Aphid Control Treatments, 1979
Authors: Turtle D. M. , Mollis C. H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Several chemical sprays were evaluated during Feb at the Valley Experiment Station. Population levels were lower than 1978 due to lower temperatures during Jan but were increasing throughout the valley. Treatments were applied Feb 7 with a C02-backpack sprayer at the rate of 25 gpa using 40 psi. Each treatment was replicated 4 times to plot of 10 × 10 ft. During Feb the aphid population in this field was 60% blue alfalfa aphid and 40% pea aphid.
Field Corn, Northern Corn Rootworm Larval Suppression, 1979
Authors: Clement S. L. , McCartney D. , Myers R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Soil insecticides to suppress larvae of the northern corn rootworm were evaluated at 3 locations in Ohio. Plots with 30-inch rows were established in continuous corn acreage on May 2 at the Western Branch Research Center (Clark County), and May 7 in a grower's field near Wooster (Wayne County), and on May 10 at the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (Wayne County). Soil type and characteristics were: silty clay loam, pH 5.9, organic matter 2.9% (Western Branch); silt loam, pH 7.0, organic matter 2% (Wooster site); Wooster loam, pH 6.6, organic matter 5% (OARDC site). Soil insecticides were applied at planting in a 7-inch band in front of the presswheel using electric Gandy insecticide boxes mounted over each planter presswheel. Applications were made at 3 mph tractor ground speed. Experiments were arranged in randomized complete block designs with 4 replicates/treatment. Plots were 2 rows × 40 ft long. Furadan (1.2 oz ai/l,000 ft row) was applied 1976-78 in the Western Branch field and 1974-78 in the Wooster field; a soil insecticide was not used in the OARDC field prior to 1979. Larval damage was assessed July 9-10 (Western Branch plots), July 31 (Wooster plots) and August 1 (OARDC plots) by digging and washing 16 root systems from each treatment (4/plot × 4 reps) and evaluating each root system with the standard Iowa 1-6 rating scale (1 = little or no damage, 6 = 3 or more root nodes destroyed).
Grain Sorghum, Suppression of Pests on An Early Planting, Tifton, 1978
Authors: Martin Paul B. , Wiseman B. R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Grain sorghum, planted Apr 20 in 3 ft rows (middle to middle) in Leefield loamy sand, was treated 4 times pre-boor to milk-dough for various pests. Four row × 50 ft-plots (separated by 4 untreated rows) were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 5 replicates. Pesticides were applied July 11, 15, 21, and 27 as 12 and 9 gal chemical plus water/acre on July 11-21 and July 27, respectively, at 45 psi with a John Deere Hi-Cycle sprayer. Three D-4 nozzles were used/row; on July 11 2 were dropped 18 inch and directed upward at the bottom surface of leaves. On July 15-27 all nozzles were directed at the heads. Whole plants (including leaves and heads) were inspected from 10 row-ft in the center of the plots. Also, 30 heads from the center of each plot were shook into paper bags ("shag bags"), transported to the laboratory and insects counted under magnification. Yields were estimated from 20 row-ft from the center row not used for "shag- bag" samples. Weather conditions were wet during the seedling stage and dry later; plots were irrigated on June 26.
Silverspotted Skipper Control in Soybeans, 1979
Authors: Hellman John L. , Dively Galen P. , Curtis William , Venables Lee 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Soybeans were planted on June 10 in 30 in rows near Salisbury, Wicomico Co., Maryland. Treatment plots were 20 ft × 2 rows arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replicates. Precounts averaged 6 larvae per m2. Treatments were applied on Sept 10 with a back-pack hand held CO2 pressure boom sprayer calibrated to deliver 30 gpa at 40 psi. Post treatment larval sample counts were taken on Sept 15. Three random 5 m sample counts were made in each plot.
Fletcher Scale Control on Taxus, 1979
Authors: Moore Robert E. B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Six insecticide treatments were applied to 3-year-old field grown Taxus at a commercial nursery in East Windsor. The treatments were randomized in a complete block design and repeated 4 times. The test plots consisted of 3 rows and were 12 plants long, and each plot had a common buffer row. On May 3, Temik granules were placed in a 5.08 cm deep furrow, which ran the length of each of the four alleys associated with each plot. The furrows were back filled with a hoe immediately after the insecticide was applied. Sevin and Ethion were applied on May 30 when new crawlers were first appearing, using a small tank sprayer with a nozzle pressure of 30 psi. Enough spray material was applied to allow for complete penetration of the plant crown. Pre and post scale counts were made in the field by examination under 40 magnification of two 10 cm branches cut from each of the eight center plants from the center row of each plot. The soil type in the test area is an Ellington fine sandy loam and a spring soil analysis showed a pH of 5.6 and moderate fertility. The nursery is under a regular herbicide program and the test area was 95% weed-free throughout the 1979 growing season. Pre treatment counts indicated a large Fletcher scale population. To comply with quarantine regulations, Connecticut growers who ship their plants to other states strive for the lowest population levels possible in spite of the lack of injury caused by this insect at low or moderate levels. No plant injury was detect-able in the test area due to scale feeding.
Bermudagrass, Attempts At Fire Ant Suppression, Tifton, 1978
Authors: Marshall F. A. , Martin P. B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
There have been several reports of red imported fire ant suppression in pastures in south Georgia following fertilization with anhydrous ammonia (G. W. Burton personal communication, E. F. Suber personal communication). There-fore we tested this as a management tool for this controversial pasture insect. A predominently 'Coastal' bermudagrass hay pasture (ca. 4-8 in. high) growing in Tifton sandy loam soil with a considerable amount of bahiagrass and a moderate infestion of red imported fire ants was selected for the test. Treatments were applied with a Sutton System tractor-mounted anhydrous ammonia applicator by “kniving in” to a depth of ca. 8 in. at ca. 125 lb pressure and 5 mi/hr, or ap-plied with a galvanized metal bucket as 1 gal of solution that was poured over a 4 sq ft area with its center being the center of the mound. Ten mounds were used for each treatment. Mounds were checked before and after treatment for presence of an active colony by digging slightly into the mound. Mounds were flagged and a ca. 20 ft radius of the ground surface around each treated mound was inspected for presence of a new mound which indicated movement rather than effective mortality.
Pales and Northern Pine Weevil Control on Scotch Pine, Atwood, Pa., 1979
Authors: Bennett Lillle W. , Shetlar David J. , Heller Paul R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A stand of 1.5 to 2 m Scotch pine Christmas trees was used for insecticide evaluation. The plantation was partially harvested in 1976 to 1978. Pretreatment weevil populations were noted on March 27'79 by inspecting for adults or stumps, trunk end pieces left from harvest, and in the duff. Pales and northern pine weevils were present and mating. A tree row with at least 7 new stumps (from trees cut the previous fall) was treated as one replicate within a block. Treatments were replicated 5 times in a randomized complete block design. Sprays were applied on April 17. Four to six ounces of insecticide mixed with kerosene (except Sevln UCSF 1 in water) were applied to each stump with a compressed air sprayer. Temperature was 10° to 12°C with wind being 3mph. Stump treatments were evaluated on October 25. The stumps (4 each of 5 replicates) were stripped of bark to the first lateral root and the chip cocoons counted. Weevil cocoons were not differentiated as to species.
Pales and Northern Pine Weevil Control on Scots Pine, Carroll Co., Ohio, 1979
Authors: Nielsen D. G. , Dunlap M. J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Two stands of Scots pine Christmas trees, one harvested and the other partially harvested in 1978, were used in evaluating efficacy of selected insecticides as stump treatments to control regeneration weevils. Four 5-stump replicates arranged in a randomized complete block design were treated April 19 at one plantation when ambient conditions were 60-70°F (I6-21°C) with a slight breeze. Stumps at the other plantation were treated May 4 using the aforementioned design when ambient conditions were 40-45°F (5-7°C), overcast, 10-15 mph wind. Hudson compression sprayers were used to apply ca. 180 ml finished spray to each stump. Stumps treated April 19 were inspected to first lateral root for chip cocoons Oct 11 and 16. Stumps at the other location were sampled in the aforementioned manner Oct 22 and 26. No attempt was made to distinguish chip cocoons of the two species of weevils.
Imported Fire Ant Control By Mound Drenches, 1979
Authors: Gardner Wayne A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Three tests using mound drenchesof individual colonies established in Cecil clay soil were initiated on June l'79, June 6'79 and Oct 4'79. Control was evaluated I and 7 da after treatment. Colony survival was indicated by the presence of defensive workers or the appearance of newly constructed mounds nearby. Treatments were replicated 3 times with 3 mounds per replicate. Data were analyzed by the least squares method.
Evaluation of Antroban Baits for Control Of Adult Flies in Poultry Houses, 1979
Authors: Collison Clarence H. , Pitts Charles W. , Lemke Lisa A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Two concentrations of Atroban (BW 21Z) sugar baits (permerhrin) were compared to commercial fly baits and sugar to determine speed of kill, initial attractancy, and overall efficacy of adult manure breeding flies
Evaluation of Insecticides for Residual House Fly Control, 1978
Authors: Williams Ralph E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this study Sectrol (microencapsulated pyrethrins - 1.1% cone), Penncapthrin (microencapsulated resmethrin), and Knox Out 2 FM (flowable microencapsulated Diazinon) were compared with Cygon (dimethoate) as residual treatments for house fly control on 30.5 cm X 30.5 cm X 0.6 cm masonite and plywood panels. Two replicate panels were sprayed with each treatment at a rate of 18.5 m /I. A sprayer equipped with a Teejet *8001 fan-pattern nozzle was used in making applications at 40 psi. Two untreated panels were used for comparison with treated panels. After spraying, all panels were hung in an open-sided barn for exposure to natural environmental conditions. Evaluation of treatments were made by exposing 10 3-day old laboratory reared house flies to each panel for 30 minutes and then, after removal, noting mortality at 24 hours. This bioassay was made at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks post-treatment. Data collected were statistically analyzed as a split plot in time with main units (oanels) in a randomized comolete block design and dates serving as subunits. Replications served as blocks. Standard errors associated with data were calculated. Treatment means were compared at each date using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (5% level).
Pear, Pear Psylla Control, 1979
Authors: Burts Everett 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Three concentrations of Highway Plant Spray, a soap designed for washing ornamental plants, were applied with handguns as drenching sprays to 10-yr-old Bartlett and d'Anjou pear trees heavily infested with pear psylla nymphs. Plots were sprayed twice, on Jul 5 and 17. Each plot consisted of 4 single-tree replicates laid out in randomized blocks. Nymphs were counted on the top 5 leaves and the stem of 5 shoots collected at random from each tree. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means were separated using Duncan's New Multiple Range Test.
Citrus,

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Abbreviatus

Ovicidal Tests, Plymouth, Florida, 1979
Authors: Sutton R. A. , Schroeder W. J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Twenty-two insecticides, with no adjuvants, were evaluated for ovicidal activity against D. abbreviatus eggs. Each material was applied with a pressurized hand sprayer to runoff to citrus foliage containing attached 24-hr-old weevil eggs. The foliage was then maintained at 26.6°C with uncontrolled humidity. All treatments were replicated 5 times, and the controls were sprayed with water. After 10 days, the hatched neonate larvae were counted. Effectiveness was determined and computed on the basis of the number of eggs hatched in the control.
Texas Citrus Mite Control, 1979
Authors: Childers C. C. , Konsler B. A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Experimental mificides were evaluated for efficacy against Texas citrus mite (TCM) in a randomized block design. Each treatment was replicated 4 times in single free plots on a 20 × 24 ft spacing (= 91 frees/acre). Tree height and canopy diameter varied between 4-6 ft and 2-4 ft, respectively. Spray was applied dilute to runoff with a handgun at 200 psi from a truck-mounted Myers sprayer. Approximately 5 gallons of finished spray were applied per tree. This was ca. 455 gallons per acre. Water pH was 6.3. Twenty leaves from the 1979 spring flush were picked at random around the outer canopy of each sample free at various time intervals before and after spraying. The entire surface area of each leaf was examined for motile spider mites and the count was recorded as one observation.
Cabbage Insect Control, 1979
Authors: Sorensen Kenneth A. , Thompson Michael L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
'Early Jersey Wakefield' cabbage was transplanted on Mar 28, near Benson, NC. Single-row plots 20-ft long were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design with 2-ft alleys between replications. One maintenance jpray combining Dipel and Lannate was made prior to start of test. Treatments were applied on a weekly schedule beginning May 15 and ending May 29 for a total of 3 applications. Dithane and Bravo 6R fungicides were applied on alternate spray dates. All sprays were applied at the rate equivalent to 100 gallons of water/acre using a 2 . 5 gallon CO2 pressurized hand sprayer operated at 40 psi with a single hollow cone nozzle. Worm counts were made on 3 heads/plot on May 22 and Jun 5. Mature cabbage heads were harvested and worm damage evaluations were made on these days. Heads were described as undamaged if there was no evidence of feeding on the wrapper leaves and head. The number of plants infested with aphids was recorded.
Cabbage Looper Control on Head Lettuce with Bacillus and Pyretroids, 1978
Authors: Gerhardt Paul D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Plots for this study were located on the University of Arizona, Mesa Branch Station. Soil type is Laveen Clay loam. Empire variety of lettuce (naked seed) was planted on Aug 25. Planting was with a vegetable sled on 40 inch wide beds, with 2 plant rows per bed. Seeding was in a dry seed bed and the planting was furrow irrigated, keeping the beds damp until germination occurred. Plants were thinned to 12 inch spacing on Sep 25. Plots were 4 (40 inch) beds wide × 25 ft long representing 0.007 acre. All treatments were replicated 4 times using a complete randomized block design. Sprays were applied with a CO2 pressurized spray unit mounted on an International 284 tractor which treated 4 beds at one time. When the plants were small a single hollow cone nozzle was used/plant row. The system was operated at 60 psi, applying 35 gallons of spray mixture per acre. After the plants increased in size, 2 hollow cone nozzles/plant row were used. All insect counts were made from the middle 2 beds of each plot. Ten plants were examined and the number of cabbage looper eggs and larvae were recorded per plot. Yield data was taken from the middle 2 beds of each plot. The total number of plants in the two beds was recorded after which the mature heads were field graded according to #l 1/2, #2 and #2 1/2 sized heads. These numbers indicate the number of dozen heads that can be packed in a standard shipping carton.
Colorado Potato Beetle Control, 1979
Authors: Cranshaw Whitney S. , Radcliffe Edward B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Potato beetle larvae collected Jul 18 from potatoes in Grand Forks, North Dakota were used in laboratory tests of Gulf Products numbered insecticides. Insecticides were applied Jul 19 to 50-ft rows of potatoes at the Rosemount Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount, MN by using a hand-operated compressed air sprayer delivering 50 gal water/acre at ca 50 psi. Foliage was collected immediately after treatment and every second day thereafter to be fed to the larvae. Survival was checked every 24 hr. and only if there were no signs of life was a larva considered dead.
Foliar Sprays of Synthetic Pyrethroids and Numbered Chemicals for Control of Colorado Potato Beetle, Test 10, 1978
Authors: Powell Donnie M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
'Russet Burbank potatoes were planted on Mar 30 in Rirzville silt loam soil (Mesic Calciorthidic Haploxerolls) at Yakima, WA. A high infestation of the second generation of Colorado potato beetle (CPB) adult and larvae were defoliating the plants by Aug 7, the time of insecticide application. The insecticides were applied as foliar sprays in 40 gal/acre with a 2-row portable boom CO2 hand sprayer. The plots were 2-rows wide (5.6 ft) and 25-ft long and each treatment was replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. The number of live adults and larvae per rr/ of potato foliage per plot was counted on Aug 8 and 11 (1 and 4 days after treatment). Also, on Aug 8 the potato foliage between the 2 rows of each plot was separated and the number of dead and live adults and larvae per m* of soil surface plot was counted. Since both dead and live adults and larvae were on the soil and only live adults and larvae were on the plants, the percent mortalities were determined as follows: 1) percent mortality for adults or larvae on the soil based on number dead out of total number dead and live on soil; 2) percent mortality of adults or larvae based on number dead on soil out of total number on plants and soil; 3) percent mortality of CPB population based on number dead adults and larvae on soil out of total numbers of dead adults and larvae on plants and soil. The number of insects and the calculated percent mortality for each plot were subjected to analysis of variance using DMRT.
Foliar Sprays for Control of Green Peach Aphids, Tuber Flea Beetles and Colorado Potato Beetles, Test 31, 1979
Authors: Powell Donnie , Mondor W. T. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
'Russet Burbank' potatoes were planted Apr 4, in Naches soils {Mesic Aridic Calcic Argixerolls) at Wapato, Washington. On May 31, the insecticides were applied as foliar sprays in 40 gal/acre with a portable boom 2-row, CO2 hand sprayer. The plants were 8 to 10 inches high and each plot was 2 rows wide (5.6 ft) and 25 ft long. Each treatment was replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Twenty compound potato leaves were collected from each plot Jun 5 and 12 and the number of green peach aphids (GPA) on the leaves was counted. The number of tuber flea beetle (TFB) feeding holes and the number of leaves with Colorado potato beetle (CPB) feeding damage were counted. On Jun 22 the number of CPB adults and larvae per plot and the number of plants 25% or more defoliated by CPB were counted. The potato plots were harvested Aug 29. Fifty tubers, or all tubers if there were less than 50/plot, were washed. Each tuber was weighed and examined for TFB injuries (runs) on Sep 5, 6 and 7. The total number of runs per plot and the number of runs/lOOOg of tuber weight were calculated. The data were subjected to analysis of variance using Duncan's MRT.