bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A questionnaire development to assess the social representation of nurses in the Basque Country: a psychometric assessment
Authors: Tíscar-González Verónica , Iturregui-Mardaras Leire , Miranda-Bernabé Eztizen , Bermúdez-Ampudia Cristina , Cidoncha-Moreno Maria Ángeles , Ballesteros-Peña Sendoa 
Published: September 2022

Background
Only a few Spanish studies have explored how nurses are seen by society and no validated tools exist for this purpose in the scientific literature.

Objectives
The aim was create and evaluate the psychometric characteristics of a questionnaire that explored the social representation of nursing in social and health care.

Methods
Qualitative and quantitative methods were used to develop the questionnaire and the first version was created based on existing studies. A three-round Delphi technique was used that involved nurses, doctors, journalists and a politician. The pilot questionnaire was then tested and retested with 23 journalism students, with an interval of 10–14 days between the two phases. After further modifications, the questionnaire was sent to all the third and fourth year journalism students at the University of the Basque Country. Principal component factor analysis was used to identify the key components for the questionnaire.

Results
A total of 141 third and fourth year journalism students took part in the study. The internal consistency of the 43-item perception section of the questionnaire had a Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.90. The 42.7% agreed or strongly agreed that nursing was an eminently scientific profession and 26.3% agreed or strongly agreed with the statement that nurses were presented in the media as health educators and disseminators. Just under a fifth (19.9%) agreed with the statement that society was aware of the competencies that nurses required.

Conclusions
The questionnaire provided the first validated tool that allowed researchers to assess how nursing, and all of its areas of professional development, were perceived by society. This could enable studies to assess the evolution of the profession over time and between different socio-cultural contexts.
Clinical tool to measure fluorescein patterns in orthokeratology
Authors: López García Rosuero Marina , Arranz Bombin Alejandro , Romero Roberto , Hornero Roberto , Martin Raul 
Published: September 2022

Background
Orthokeratology (ortho-k) is an overnight clinical contact lens wear technique to correct myopia and to reduce myopia progression wearing reverse-geometry rigid gas-permeable lenses. The lens fitting procedure in clinical practice usually requires subjective assessment of fluorescein pattern (fluorescein “bull’s eye” pattern). The aim of this study was to develop a novel tool for fluorescein pattern measurements to reduce subjective practitioner dependency, especially in inexperienced practitioners, in ortho-k practice.

Methods
A new MATLAB customized algorithm to measure the horizontal width of the four main zones of ortho-k fluorescein patterns (central bearing, tear reservoir, mid-peripheral bearing and edge lift) was designed. The algorithm was tested on a small image database consisting of 26 ortho-k fluorescein pattern images of 13 volunteers fitted with reverse geometry lenses (Seefree, Conoptica-Hecht Contactlinsen). The agreement between two independent observers and the ImageJ measurements was determined.

Results
The new clinical tool provided similar measurements to ImageJ software for the central bearing (4.20 ± 0.74 and 4.27 ± 0.69 mm; P = 0.21), tear reservoir (1.69 ± 0.41 and 1.69 ± 0.45 mm; P = 0.69), mid-peripheral bearing (1.17 ± 0.11 and 1.13 ± 0.10 mm; P < 0.01) and edge lift (0.48 ± 0.06 and 0.48 ± 0.06 mm; P = 0.81) zones. Good agreement between the software (limits of agreement lower than ±0.55 mm) and inter-observer measurements (limits of agreement lower than ±0.66 mm) was found.

Conclusions
The proposed clinical tool for semiautomatic fluorescein pattern measurements in ortho-k could help to reduce practitioner dependency in fluorescein pattern assessment with future potential to introduce prediction algorithms or artificial intelligence methods in myopia control management.
High Current‐Density‐Charging Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by Double‐Layer Protected Lithium Metal Anode
Authors: Kim Ju‐Myung , Engelhard Mark H. , Lu Bingyu , Xu Yaobin , Tan Sha , Matthews Bethany E. , Tripathi Shalini , Cao Xia , Niu Chaojiang , Hu Enyuan , Bak Seong‐Min , Wang Chongmin , Meng Ying Shirley , Zhang Ji‐Guang , Xu Wu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe practical application of lithium (Li) metal anode (LMA) is still hindered by non‐uniformity of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), formation of “dead” Li, and continuous consumption of electrolyte although LMA has an ultrahigh theoretical specific capacity and a very low electrochemical redox potential. Herein, a facile protection strategy is reported for LMA using a double layer (DL) coating that consists of a polyethylene oxide (PEO)‐based bottom layer that is highly stable with LMA and promotes uniform ion flux, and a cross‐linked polymer‐based top layer that prevents solvation of PEO layer in electrolytes. Li deposited on DL‐coated Li (DL@Li) exhibits a smoother surface and much larger size than that deposited on bare Li. The LiF/Li2O enriched SEI layer generated by the salt decomposition on top of DL@Li further suppresses the side reactions between Li and electrolyte. Driven by the abovementioned advantageous features, the DL@Li||LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 cells demonstrate capacity retention of 92.4% after 220 cycles at a current density of 2.1 mA cm–2 (C/2 rate) and stability at a high charging current density of 6.9 mA cm–2 (1.5 C rate). These results indicate that the DL protection is promising to overcome the rate limitation of LMAs and high energy‐density Li metal batteries.
Enzymatic Nanosphere‐to‐Nanofiber Transition and Autophagy Inducer Release Promote Tumor Chemotherapy
Authors: Cheng Xiaotong , Xia Tiantian , Zhan Wenjun , Xu Hai‐Dong , Jiang Jiaoming , Liu Xiaoyang , Sun Xianbao , Wu Fu‐Gen , Liang Gaolin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractChemotherapy has remained an effective and predominant cancer treatment for the past decades, but is hampered by its low response rate and severe systemic toxicity. Combination chemotherapies are proposed to address these issues, yet their therapeutic outcomes are still far from satisfactory. Thus, it is urgent to develop novel strategies to promote tumor chemosensitivity while reducing toxic side effects of chemotherapeutics. Herein, employing a rationally designed peptide conjugate Nap‐Phe‐Phe‐Lys(SA‐AZD8055)‐Tyr(H2PO3)‐OH (Nap‐AZD‐Yp), a novel approach of simultaneous intracellular nanofiber formation and autophagy inducer release is proposed for selectively sensitizing tumor to chemotherapy. Upon sequential catalyses of alkaline phosphatase and carboxylesterase, Nap‐AZD‐Yp undergoes nanosphere‐to‐nanofiber transition accompanied by autophagy inducer AZD8055 release in cancer cells. Cell experiments show enhanced endocytosis of anticancer drug doxorubicin and inhibition of cell migration due to the intracellular nanofiber formation. The released AZD8055 further activates excessive autophagy of cancer cells, sensitizing them to chemotherapy. Animal experiment results suggest Nap‐AZD‐Yp can significantly enhance the therapeutic effects of doxorubicin on tumors while mitigate its toxic adverse effects on normal tissues. It is anticipated that the “smart” concept in this work c be widely employed to develop novel combinational therapies for the treatment of cancers and other diseases in near future.
Highly Transparent Conjugated Polymer as the Counter Electrode in Electrochromic Smart Windows
Authors: Yu Lirong , Xing Xing , Fang Daqi , Meng Hong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA highly transmissive counter electrode material (CEM) at both neutral and doped states in the visible range is essential for the optical performance of electrochromic devices (ECDs), but is rarely reported due to the challenge in molecular design. Herein a novel conjugated polymer HTCP is reported, which exhibits a wide bandgap (3.02 eV) and a strong absorption at 300 nm in its neutral state. Upon oxidation, the absorption spectrum is substantially red‐shifted, peaking at 900 nm. Thus HTCP can keep high transparency throughout the whole visible range at both states, making it particularly well‐suited as the CEM in ECDs, which is demonstrated by the excellent optoelectronic performance of a smart window‐type ECD in this work. Furthermore, the geometric and electronic configuration study of its building block reveals that HTCP evolves from a closed‐shell butterfly‐like folded structure into a twisted geometry featuring a quinoidal open‐shell character after oxidation, explaining the nature of its unique optical properties. This work provides new insights and explicit instructions for the structural design of conjugated polymer‐based CEMs. In addition, it offers a clear scenario for the application of open‐shell materials in optoelectronics, not only limited to the chemical fundamental studies.
Neuropathological correlates of neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia
Authors: Gibson Lucy L. , Grinberg Lea T. , ffytche Dominic , Leite Renata E. P. , Rodriguez Roberta D. , Ferretti‐Rebustini Renata E. L. , Pasqualucci Carlos A. , Nitrini Ricardo , Jacob‐Filho Wilson , Aarsland Dag , Suemoto Claudia K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionNeuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are common in Lewy body disease (LBD), but their etiology is poorly understood.MethodsIn a population‐based post mortem study neuropathological data was collected for Lewy body (LB) neuropathology, neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), amyloid beta burden, TDP‐43, lacunar infarcts, cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), and hyaline atherosclerosis. Post mortem interviews collected systematic information regarding NPS and cognitive status. A total of 1038 cases were included: no pathology (NP; n = 761), Alzheimer's disease (AD; n = 189), LBD (n = 60), and AD+LBD (n = 28).ResultsHallucinations were associated with higher LB Braak stages, while higher NFT Braak staging was associated with depression, agitation, and greater number of symptoms in the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. Cases with dual AD+LBD pathology had the highest risk of hallucinations, agitation, apathy, and total symptoms but a multiplicative interaction between these pathologies was not significant.DiscussionLB and AD pathology contribute differentially to NPS likely with an additive process contributing to the increased burden of NPS.
Association of liver fibrosis with cognitive test performance and brain imaging parameters in the UK Biobank study
Authors: Parikh Neal S. , Kamel Hooman , Zhang Cenai , Gupta Ajay , Cohen David E. , de Leon Mony J. , Gottesman Rebecca F. , Iadecola Costantino 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionWe hypothesized that liver fibrosis is associated with worse cognitive performance and corresponding brain imaging changes.MethodsWe examined the association of liver fibrosis with cognition and brain imaging parameters in the UK Biobank study. Liver fibrosis was assessed using the Fibrosis‐4 (FIB‐4) score. The primary cognitive outcome was the digit symbol substitution test (DSST); secondary outcomes were additional executive function/processing speed and memory tests. Imaging outcomes were hippocampal, total brain, and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volumes.ResultsWe included 105,313 participants with cognitive test data, and 41,982 with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In adjusted models, liver fibrosis was associated with worse performance on the DSST and tests of executive function but not memory. Liver fibrosis was associated with lower hippocampal and total brain volumes, without compelling association with WMH volume.DiscussionLiver fibrosis is associated with worse performance on select cognitive tests and lower hippocampal and total brain volumes.Highlights
It is increasingly recognized that chronic liver conditions impact brain health.
We performed an analysis of data from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study.
Liver fibrosis was associated with worse performance on executive function tests.
Liver fibrosis was not associated with memory impairment.
Liver fibrosis was associated with lower hippocampal and total brain volumes.
Regulation of innate immune responses by rabies virus
Authors: Zhang Haili , Huang Jingbo , Song Yumeng , Liu Xingqi , Qian Meichen , Huang Pei , Li Yuanyuan , Zhao Ling , Wang Hualei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRabies virus (RABV) is an infectious and neurotropic pathogen that causes rabies and infects humans and almost all warm‐blooded animals, posing a great threat to people and public safety. It is well known that innate immunity is the critical first line of host defense against viral infection. It monitors the invading pathogens by recognizing the pathogen‐associated molecular patterns and danger‐associated molecular patterns through pattern‐recognition receptors, leading to the production of type I interferons (IFNα/β), inflammatory cytokines, and chemokines, or the activation of autophagy or apoptosis to inhibit virus replication. In the case of RABV, the innate immune response is usually triggered when the skin or muscle is bitten or scratched. However, RABV has evolved many ways to escape or even hijack innate immune response to complete its own replication and eventually invades the central nervous system (CNS). Once RABV reaches the CNS, it cannot be wiped out by the immune system or any drugs. Therefore, a better understanding of the interplay between RABV and innate immunity is necessary to develop effective strategies to combat its infection. Here, we review the innate immune responses induced by RABV and illustrate the antagonism mechanisms of RABV to provide new insights for the control of rabies.
Monte Carlo Simulation‐Guided Design of a Thorium‐Based Metal–Organic Framework for Efficient Radiotherapy‐Radiodynamic Therapy
Authors: Xu Ziwan , Luo Taokun , Mao Jianming , McCleary Caroline , Yuan Eric , Lin Wenbin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHigh‐Z metal‐based nanoscale metal–organic frameworks (nMOFs) with photosensitizing ligands can enhance radiation damage to tumors via a unique radiotherapy‐radiodynamic therapy (RT‐RDT) process. Here we report Monte Carlo (MC) simulation‐guided design of a Th‐based nMOF built from Th6‐oxo secondary building units and 5,15‐di(p‐benzoato)porphyrin (DBP) ligands, Th‐DBP, for enhanced RT‐RDT. MC simulations revealed that the Th‐lattice outperformed the Hf‐lattice in radiation dose enhancement owing to its higher mass attenuation coefficient. Upon X‐ray or γ‐ray radiation, Th‐DBP enhanced energy deposition, generated more reactive oxygen species, and induced significantly higher cytotoxicity to cancer cells over the previously reported Hf‐DBP nMOF. With low‐dose X‐ray irradiation, Th‐DBP suppressed tumor growth by 88 % in a colon cancer and 97 % in a pancreatic cancer mouse model.
Removal of organic solvents from contaminated water surface through a fatty acid grafted polyvinyl alcohol based organogel
Authors: Baruah Kankana , Ahmed Asfi , Dutta Riku , Ahmed Shahnaz , Lahkar Suman , Dolui Swapan Kumar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractToxic organic solvents are constantly being cast out causing serious issues to the environment. In this work, a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)‐based organogel has been prepared by modification with a long‐chain fatty acid via condensation method without the use of any cross‐linker. Organogel or the semi‐solid material has been used as a sorbent for solvent absorption from the polluted water surface. The prepared organogel was characterized by Fourier Transform‐Infrared Spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Wide‐Angle X‐Ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, Thermogravimetric Analysis while contact angle measurements were also performed. The gel was used as a sorbent for the absorption of organic solvents. The swelling ratio was examined and exhibited absorption performance of 534% with reusable and retention properties. Experiments were performed to find the maximum absorption capacity at 875.5 (g/g), establishing kinetics of second order reaction. The gel can be extracted by scooping after absorption. Thus, making it an effective and ideal material for the removal of a wide array of organic solvents.
Cover picture: Production of mesoporous carbon nitrides and their photocatalytic properties for degradation of organic pollutants (BKCS 09/2022)
Authors: Lee Suyeon , Shin Eun Young , Jang Dawoon , Choi Seungjoo , Park Hyeju , Kim Jeongho , Park Sungjin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMesoporous C3N4 materials were produced through the self‐assembly of melamine and cyanuric acid. The materials showed excellent performance for degrading organic pollutants, rhodamine B, under the irradiation of visible light. Various study revealed that high surface areas, good adsorption ability of visible light, and long lifetimes of the photoexcited electrons would be origins for the photocatalytic superiority. More information can be found in the article by S. Park et al.
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Total Bioactive Contents, Metabolic Profiling, Docking Studies, Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibition Activities of Convolvulus Arvensis L. and Multivariate Analysis to Unravel a Potential Herb as Natural Resource for Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Imran Tousif Muhammad , Nazir Mamona , Saleem Muhammad , Tauseef Saba , Uddin Reaz , Zengin Gokhan , Fawzi Mahomoodally Mohamad , Abbas Zaheer 
Published: September 2022

AbstractConvolvulus arvensis L. is an evergreen herb growing in various regions of Pakistan. Despite of several medicinal properties associated to this herb, it was not investigated scientifically for its bioactive compounds and detailed pharmaceutical properties. Therefore, its methanolic extract was divided into hexane (CA−H), chloroform (CA−C), ethyl acetate (CA−E) and butanol (CA−B) soluble fractions. CA−H and CA−C were found rich in phenolics (30.73±0.63 and 20.15±0.59 mg GAE/g of the extract, respectively), and the same fractions exhibited significant antioxidant activities (DPPH: 5.23±0.11 & 12.34±0.17 mg TE/g extract, respectively; ABTS: 36.82±0.04 & 56.74±0.61 mg TE/g extract, respectively). Also in CUPRAC activity assay, CA−H and CA−C exhibited highest activities as 87.30±0.46 and 56.74±0.61 mg TE/g extract, respectively, while CA−C was most active in FRAP activity assay with value of 40.21±2.19 mg TE/g extract. Total antioxidant capacity (1.23±0.033 mmol TE/g extract) was also found higher for CA−C, while CA−H activity was also comparable, however, CA−H showed higher metal chelating activity (22.74±0.001 mg EDTAE/g extract) than that of CA−C (17.55±0.22 mg EDTAE/g extract). These activities clearly revealed a direct relation between antioxidant potential and phenolic contents of CA−H and CA−C. In AChE and BChE inhibitory assay, CA−H and CA−E showed better inhibition (AChE: 8.24±0.77 & 4.46±0.007 mg GALAE/g extract; BChE: 5.40±0.02 & 1.92±0.24 mg GALAE/g extract) as compared to other fractions, whereas, against tyrosinase, CA−B was most active (37.35±0.53 mg KAE/g extract). CA−H and CA−C also showed higher inhibitory potential (0.98±0.08 & 0.58±0.01 mmol ACAE/g extract) against α‐Amylase; while against α‐Glucosidase, CA−E was the most active fraction. UHPLC/MS analysis of the methanolic extract of C. arvensis disclosed the presence of 62 compounds as sterols, triterpenes, flavonoids, fatty acids, alkaloids and coumarins. In Multivariate Analysis, the total phenolic contents were correlated strongly with all antioxidant assays except FRAP and DPPH. Regarding enzyme inhibitory properties, only AChE, BChE and α‐amylase were correlated with the total phenolic contents in the extracts. Docking analyses confirmed these findings, as identified compounds had high binding free energy and inhibition constants with the enzymes studied. It was finally concluded that C. arvensis is a potential industrial crop, which can be a component of nutraceuticals and functional foods, if evaluated for its toxicity.
Identification of Antifungal Compounds from Avocado Rhizobacteria (Bacillus spp.) against Fusarium spp., by a Bioassay‐Guided Fractionation Approach
Authors: Guevara‐Avendaño Edgar , Lizette Pérez‐Molina Mayra , Luis Monribot‐Villanueva Juan , Marian Cortazar‐Murillo Elvis , Ramírez‐Vázquez Mónica , Reverchon Frédérique , Antonio Guerrero‐Analco José 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAntimicrobial compounds produced by bacteria have been increasingly acknowledged as an important resource for the control of phytopathogens. We used a bioassay‐guided fractionation approach to identify antifungal metabolites produced by two avocado rhizobacteria (INECOL‐4742 and INECOL‐5927), both members of the Bacillus subtilis/B. amyloliquefaciens species complex, against Fusarium solani and F. kuroshium, causal agent of Fusarium dieback in avocado and other hosts. The butanol (BuOH) organic extract from INECOL‐4742 (B1‐Bu) exhibited the highest percentage of inhibition (PI) against F. solani (78.76 %), also inhibiting F. kuroshium by up to 44.30 %. Primary fractions, Bu‐F3, Bu‐F12 and Bu‐F15, obtained by silica gel open column chromatography, exhibited the highest PI against F. solani (28.57 % to 33.50 %) and F. kuroshium (38.78 % to 45.00 %). The presence of cyclic lipopeptides from the iturin, surfactin and fengycin families in B1‐Bu extracts and primary fractions was determined by UPLC‐ESI‐HRMS. The Confocal Laser Microscopy analysis revealed deformations in the hyphae of F. kuroshium exposed to extracts, primary fractions and C‐13 surfactin chemical standard. These results emphasize the potential of natural products from Bacillus for the control of the emerging phytopathogenic fungus F. kuroshium.
Natural Products‐Based Fungicides: Synthesis and Antifungal Activity against Plant Pathogens of 2H‐Chromene Derivatives
Authors: Liu Wenjing , Li Yong , Fan Judi , Tang Lei , Guo Bing , Xue Wei , Fan Lingling 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAiming to search for novel potential antifungal agents, forty 2H‐chromene analogs were designed, synthesized and their antifungal activity against some typical plant pathogenic fungi were firstly evaluated. The in vitro antifungal bioassays showed that some of the target compounds exhibited comparable or better inhibition activities than the commercial agricultural fungicide hymexazol. Especially compound 1m displayed more promising fungicidal effect against Alternaria alternate (EC50=9.9 μg/mL) and Botrytis cinerea (EC50=9.4 μg/mL), which was significantly superior to hymexazol. Moreover, in vivo protective effects results also indicated that compound 1m had an excellent potential for further development as a new botanical pesticide.
An Organic Chemist's Guide to Mediated Laccase Oxidation
Authors: Obleser Katharina , Kalaus Hubert , Seidl Bernhard , Kozich Martin , Stanetty Christian , Mihovilovic Marko D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLaccases are oxidases that only require O2 as a terminal oxidant. Thus, they provide an attractive green alternative to established alcohol oxidation protocols. However, laccases typically require catalytic amounts of mediator molecules to serve as electron shuttles between the enzyme and desired substrate. Consequently, laccase‐mediator systems are defined by a multitude of parameters such as, e. g., the choice of laccase and mediator, the respective concentrations, pH, and the oxygen source. This complexity and a perceived lack of comparable data throughout literature represent an entry burden into this field. To provide a solid starting point, particularly for organic chemists, we herein provide a time‐resolved, quantitative laccase and mediator screening based on the oxidation of anis alcohol as model reaction. We measured the redox potentials of mediators under the reaction conditions to relate them to their performance. Lastly, for particularly efficient laccase‐mediator pairs, we screened important reaction parameters, resulting in an optimized setup for mediator‐assisted laccase catalyzed oxidations.