bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of pregnant and early postpartum women with severe and critical COVID-19: experience at a tertiary center
Authors: Barbosa Rodrigo Nacif , Braga Maria Aparecida , Costa Bárbara Braga , Peret Frederico Jose Amedee 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground:The management of acute respiratory failure during pregnancy is a poorly defined issue in the literature, especially regarding the use of the prone position and the appropriate time for delivery. This study describes our experience in treating pregnant and postpartum women with severe or critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Materials and Methods:This descriptive retrospective study included 25 pregnant and 4 postpartum women admitted to an ICU due to respiratory complications from COVID-19 from June 2020 to August 2021.Results:The mean maternal age was 33.6 years, and the median gestational age (GA) at admission was 33 weeks. Obesity was the most common comorbidity. The median time between symptom onset and ICU admission was 10 days, while the median length of ICU stay was 14 days. Invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) was required in 16 (55.2%) patients for a median time of 16.5 days. Prone positioning (PP) was performed in 68.7% of the patients on IMV, and resulted in an expressive increase in arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2 ratio). Eleven (44%) pregnant women delivered during their ICU stay for obstetric or fetal reasons: of these, 2 (18%) developed postpartum hemorrhagic shock and 1 (9%) developed abdominal wall infection. None of the 25 pregnant women underwent delivery due to acute respiratory failure or in an attempt to avoid intubation. There were 2 fetal deaths, but no maternal or neonatal deaths.Conclusion:We observed favorable outcomes in pregnant and postpartum women with severe and critical COVID-19 admitted to our institution. This finding reinforces the effectiveness of PP in the treatment of hypoxemic respiratory failure secondary to COVID-19 in pregnant women undergoing IMV, and suggests that gestation should only be interrupted in cases of obstetric and fetal complications, provided the patient is stable, or when hypoxemia is refractory to PP.
The effects of P on wheat root-associated prokaryotic communities are dependent on soil P content, growth stage and variety
Authors: Feng Zhi han , Li Na , Li Xin , Xiao Min , Wang Yi qun , Li Lu , Jiang Yan qiong , Liu Chi , Yao Ming jie , Li Xiangzheng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Wheat root-associated microbes play an indispensable role in helping plants obtain phosphorus (P) from soil. However, it is not clear how the effects of soil P on microorganisms vary with growth stage and variety. Therefore, revealing the interactive effects of soil P content, growth stage and variety on wheat root-associated microorganisms, which is important for further improving the P absorption strategy of plants.
Methods
Three wheat varieties were selected for pot experiment under three levels of soil P content, and sampling at seedling, flowering and mature stage, respectively. Using 16S rRNA gene profiling, we investigated the relative contribution of compartment niche, growth stage, variety and soil P content and their interaction effects on wheat root-associated prokaryotic communities.
Results
Wheat root-associated prokaryotic community assembly was mainly shaped by compartment niches. For each compartment niche, growth stage had higher contribution to the variations of prokaryotic communities than soil P content and wheat variety. The effects of P content on the prokaryotic communities varied by growth stage and variety. Meanwhile, the effects of wheat variety were also influenced by growth stage and soil P content. It is worth mentioning that low P content exacerbated the variation of prokaryotic communities among varieties.
Conclusions
This study revealed the interaction of host selection and soil P content on root-associated prokaryotic communities. The effects of soil P on wheat root-associated prokaryotic communities are dependent on P content, growth stage and variety. Our study provides a fundamental understanding on the relationship between soil P content and microorganisms.
Genome-wide analysis and Stress-Responsive Expression Profiling of the LEA (late embryogenesis abundant) Gene Family in Wild Peanut
Authors: Huanhuan Jiang , Tong Wang , Li Sainan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins generally accumulate in seeds during the later stages of maturation. However, LEA proteins also accumulate in response to abiotic stressors, particularly those involving cellular dehydration. LEA genes have been well-characterized in many plant species, but not in peanut. Here we studied the LEA genes in two wild peanut species (Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaensis) in an effort to create a genetic resource for peanut crop improvement. Specifically, we examined AdLEA and AiLEA sequence characteristics, gene structure, evolutionary relationships, chromosomal localization, promoter cis-acting elements, and expression patterns in different tissues under low temperature, salinity, drought, and ABA stress. In all, we identified 65 AdLEA and 69 AiLEA genes representing all 8 LEA subfamilies, which were unevenly distributed across all 10 peanut chromosomes. The majority of LEA proteins were found to be highly hydrophilic. MEME analysis indicated that LEA gene motifs were conserved within groups, but not between groups. The LEA genes contained a diverse array of stress- and phytohormone-responsive cis-acting elements, with the AdLEA2-20 and AiLEA2-20 genes containing the greatest number of elements. Both AdLEA2-20 and AiLEA2-20 were upregulated in response to cold temperatures, drought, salinity, and ABA-exposure, although the dynamics were tissue-dependent. This study lays the foundation for future studies on the LEA gene family and abiotic stress in peanut, and our results will be invaluable for the genetic improvement of peanut by characterizing the genetic resources of wild peanut species.
Effect of chitosan coating enriched with denak essential oil on ‘Navel’ orange quality infected by Penicillium digitatum
Authors: Rafiee Somayeh , Ramezanian Asghar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Green mold, Penicillium digitatum, reduces the postharvest quality of citrus fruit as one of the most economically important horticultural crops in the world. The effect of chitosan, denak essential oil and CH + DEO was investigated on the quality of ‘Navel’ orange fruit infected by P. digitatum.
Results
The results showed that all treatments except DEO, CH and CH + DEO were unusable after 14 days due to decay. Fruit treated with CH and CH + DEO showed the lowest respiration rate and weight loss during storage time. Also, treated fruit had the highest total soluble solids, titratable acidity, total phenol and ascorbic acid content, and total antioxidant activity during cold storage. There was no significant difference in appearance and quality between CH and CH + DEO at the end of the storage period.
Conclusions
These results suggested that the coating with CH and CH + DEO can be useful for controlling decay and maintaining the quality in ‘Navel’ orange during the postharvest period.
Chinese Shadow Puppeteering Virtualization Based on a Real-Time Finger Tracking System
Authors: Kong Anthony , Wang Xue 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPurpose:It is not an alarmist statement that Chinese shadow puppeteering skill is on the verge of disappearing. The reasons for this situation are complex, such as the impact of diversified forms of entertainment, old-aged Chinese shadow puppeteers, lack of audiences and young inheritors…etc. In urge to safeguarding Chinese shadow puppeteering, this study addresses this pressing issue by using a real-time finger tracking system to control the Chinese shadow puppet's performance.Design/methodology/approach: Researchers conduct a contrast experiment in the study. Eight young adults join the workshop to manipulate real shadow puppets using joysticks first, then manipulate virtual shadow puppets by wearing wireless data tracking glove.Findings: The outcomes of this study suggest that controlling a shadow puppet using one hand is not an easy thing for young beginners. However, the real-time finger-tracking system could help lower the threshold for shadow puppeteering learning while bringing positive motivation for youngest to learn and engage with the virtual puppets. Due to innovative, interesting, and interactive technological elements that stimulate those youngest who grown up in digital era to enjoy and engage the virtual puppeteering.Originality/value: This paper contributes to design, technology, and Chinese Culture by offering the technical foundation for future study to apply shadow puppetry digital archives in various fields such as animation production and creation.
A Snapshot Assist scanner: Assessment of Radiation Dose and Image Quality in retrospective ECG-gated Coronary CT Angiography
Authors: Huang Ruiliang , Sun Qiting , Dou Yong , Ma Jing , Wang Gang , Wang Fei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective: This study sought to compare the radiation dose and image quality between a snapshot assist (SSA) scanner and a conventional scanner in retrospective electrocardiographically (ECG)-gated coronary computed tomographic (CT) angiography to assess the clinical value of the SSA scanner in reducing radiation dose．
Methods: Ninety-five patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing retrospective ECG-gated Coronary CT Angiography were enrolled and divided into group A (n=47, with SSA scanner) and group B (n=48, with conventional scanner). The image quality scores, mean CT attenuation values in the ascending aorta, image noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were assessed, and the radiation dose was compared between groups A and B.
Results: There were no significant differences in patient sex, age, and mean body mass index (BMI) between the two groups. There were no significant differences in image quality scores for total segments between the two groups (χ2=0.147, P>0.05). The mean CT attenuation values in the ascending aorta were not significantly different between the two groups (t=1.120, P>0.05). There were no significant differences in SNR and CNR between the two groups (P>0.05). The effective dose (ED) of group A was 41.65% lower than group B (6.29±1.68 vs. 10.78±1.58mSv).
Conclusion: SSA technology provides equivalent or better coronary image quality with retrospective ECG gated coronary angiography than the conventional scanner while enabling radiation dose reductions of 41.65%.
Development and validation of Cellular Senescence-Related Gene Signature for predicting the survival and immunotherapeutic responses in Skin Cutaneous Melanoma
Authors: Li Mengna , Zhang Jie , Xia Yue , Cen Xin Tao , Zheng Yue , Lai Wei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Accumulating evidence has suggested the impact of cellular senescence on tumorigenesis, development, and immune modulation in cancers. However, the prognostic value of cellular senescence-related genes (SRGs) and their association with immunotherapy response remain unexplored in skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) patients.
Methods
In this study, we explored the expression profiles of 279 SRGs in 469 SKCM patients included from TCGA database. The univariate and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were conducted to construct a cellular senescence-related signature (SRS), and Kaplan–Meier survival curves as well as ROC curve were used to validate the predictive capability. The GSE65904 dataset was further used to validate the predictive ability of prognostic signature. Moreover, we explored the correlations of the SRS with tumor-infiltrating immune cells and response to immunotherapy. The expression levels of prognosis related SRGs were validated based on immunohistochemistry. In addition, consensus clustering analysis was performed to stratify SKCM patients into different clusters and compared them in OS.
Results
We developed a prognostic prediction SRS for patients with SKCM and verified patients in low-risk group were associated with better prognosis. Moreover, the correlation analysis showed that the SRS could predict the infiltration of immune cells and immune status of the immune microenvironment in SKCM, and patients with low-risk score might benefit from immunotherapy. In addition, all the SKCM patients in this study were classified into three clusters based on the mRNA expression profiles of 113 SRGs, which revealed that cluster 1 suffered poorer outcomes relative to clusters 2 and 3.
Conclusions
The SRS developed in this study could be used as a prediction tool in survival assessment and immunotherapy for SKCM patients.
Whole genome sequencing provides comprehensive genetic testing in childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Authors: Ryan Sarra , Peden John , Kingsbury Zoya , Schwab Claire , James Terena , Polonen Petri , Mijuskovic Martina , Becq Jennifer , Yim Richard , Cranston Ruth , Hedges Dale , Roberts Kathryn , Mullighan Charles , Vora Ajay , Russell Lisa , Moorman Anthony , Bentley David , Harrison Christine , Ross Mark 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL) is characterised by recurrent genetic abnormalities that drive risk-directed treatment strategies. Using current techniques, accurate detection of such aberrations is challenging, due to the rapidly expanding list of key genetic abnormalities. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) has the potential to revolutionise genetic testing, but requires comprehensive validation. We performed WGS on 210 childhood B-ALL samples annotated with clinical and genetic data. We devised a molecular classification system to subtype these patients based on identification of key genetic changes in tumour-normal and tumour-only analyses. This approach detected 294 subtype-defining genetic abnormalities in 96% (202/210) patients. Novel genetic variants, including fusions involving genes in the MAP kinase pathway, were identified. There was excellent concordance with standard-of-care methods and whole transcriptome sequencing (WTS). We expanded the catalogue of genetic profiles that reliably classify PAX5alt and ETV6::RUNX1-like subtypes. Our novel bioinformatic pipeline improved detection of DUX4 rearrangements (DUX4-r). We defined the excellent survival rates of DUX4-r and ETV6::RUNX1-like subtypes. Overall, we comprehensively validated that WGS provides a standalone, reliable genetic test to detect all subtype-defining genetic abnormalities in B-ALL, accurately classifying patients for risk-directed treatment stratification, while simultaneously performing as an excellent research tool to identify novel disease biomarkers.
Practices of Congolese mental health and psychosocial support providers: a qualitative study on challenges and obstacles
Authors: Wiel Astrid ter , Slegh Henny 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS), including services related to sexual and reproductive health problems, is a highly unaddressed area in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Whilst ongoing war and crisis in the region have seriously affected the population, health systems and healthcare providers do not seem to be equipped to respond to the needs of the population.
Methods
The aim of the study was to identify gaps in current practices of medical staff working at local health centres trying to provide adequate mental health and psychosocial support including sexual and reproductive health services to their patients, as well as obstacles prevalent in the context they operate in. We present findings of a qualitative study amongst 36 local staff working directly with patients at 7 hospitals and health centres in North Kivu.
Results
The analysis reveals three main categories of knowledge and skill gaps for staff in Eastern DRC to provide proper mental health and psychosocial support services, with integrated care for sexual and reproductive health, to women and men. These are related to reliance on western imposed approaches that only partly fit the local context, to a strong focus on medication, and to a lack of training. Further, the data show two main obstacles to improve current practices: persistent cultural taboos and misconceptions about what mental health and sexual health problems are and how they come to exist, and a very limited referral system.
Conclusion
This qualitative research provides important, context and cultural sensitive information on existing gaps and obstacles that Congolese providers of MHPSS services deal with. These gaps and obstacles illustrate the complex context in Eastern DRC, highlight the importance of locally tailored education and training, and stress the need for system changes to improve access and quality of mental health and psychosocial support services, that include attention for sexual and reproductive health. From a national and regional perspective, the results seem to call for a paradigm shift as to how mental health is approached and embedded in educational systems and society.
Local and wide-scale livestock movement networks inform disease control strategies in East Africa
Authors: Ekwem Divine , Enright Jessica , Hopcraft J. Grant C. , Buza Joram , Shirima Gabriel , Shand Mike , Mwajombe James K. , Bett Bernard , Reeve Richard , Lembo Tiziana 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Livestock mobility exacerbates infectious disease risks across sub-Saharan Africa, but enables critical access to grazing and water resources, and trade. Identifying locations of high livestock traffic offers opportunities for targeted control. We focus on Tanzanian agropastoral and pastoral communities that are representative of eastern African livestock production systems. We built networks of livestock connectivity using participatory mapping data, reliant on consultation with local communities, and data from trading points to understand how seasonal availability of resources, land-use, and trade influence the movements of livestock. In agropastoral settings, inter- and intra-village connectivity through shared resources was higher in the dry compared to the wet season suggesting greater livestock traffic and increased contact probability. Unlike agropastoral communities, the livestock from pastoral areas were more clustered at communal locations during the wet season, when they also tended to move larger distances. Trade-linked movements were largely from rural to urban locations. Urban locations were central to all networks, particularly those with potentially high onward movements, for example to abattoirs, livestock holding grounds, or other markets, including beyond national boundaries. Our methodology is useful to understand livestock movements and devise strategic interventions targeting critical aggregation points and times in similar livestock production systems.
Electrochemical label-free pathogen identification for bloodstream infections diagnosis: towards a machine learning based smart blood culture bottle
Authors: Babin Thibaut , Dedole Tommy , Bouvet Pierre , Marcoux Pierre , Gougis Maxime , Mailley Pascal 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Bloodstream infections are a growing public health concern. Current pathogen identification systems are based on complex and expensive devices, intended for use in centralized laboratories. Subsequent identification requires harmful chemical reagents, specialized personnel and time. Here we describe a new approach for rapid and decentralized diagnosis of positive blood cultures using electrochemical sensors. By implementing a multi-material potentiometric platform in a blood culture bottle, we have developed a portable system for pathogen identification of Gram and of genus. Bacterial growth in human blood generates a specific label-free multiplex electrochemical fingerprint according to the detected species. Analysis of these fingerprints using home-made machine learning algorithms allow for rapid identification of the pathogen after detection (14 species and 9 genus) (Gram= 99% accuracy 5.75 hours after detection, genus= 85 % accuracy 7.8 hours after positivity) without further handling of the contaminated sample.
Risk Factors for postoperative medical morbidity and 3-month mortality in elderly patients with hip fracture following hip arthroplasty during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Shen Huarui , He Rui , Zhang Peng , He Yue , Liu Yingqi , Wang Guoyou , Li Ting 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the incidence of postoperative medical complications and 3-month mortality in patients ≥ 70 years old with hip fracture following hip arthroplasty (HA) and independent risk factors associated with postoperative medical complications and 3-month mortality during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods

A multicenter retrospective study was conducted, patients ≥ 70 years old with HA for hip fracture under general anesthesia were included during COVID-19 and before COVID-19 pandemic. The outcome was defined as postoperative medical complications and 3-month mortality. The baseline characteristics and risk factors were collected, multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for postoperative medical complications and 3-month mortality.

Results

A total of 1096 patients were included during COVID-19 pandemic and 1149 were included before COVID-19 pandemic in the study. Patients ≥ 70 years with hip fracture for HA had longer fracture to operation duration, and the incidence of postoperative medical complications and 3-month mortality was higher during COVID-2019 pandemic. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that dementia (OR,2.73; 95%CI, 1.37–5.44; P = 0.004), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) (OR,3.00; 95%CI, 1.92–4.71; P < 0.001), longer fracture to operation duration (OR,1.24; 95%CI, 1.19–1.30; P < 0.001) were associated with increased a risk for postoperative medical complications. COPD (OR,2.10; 95%CI, 1.05–4.17; P = 0.035), dementia (OR,3.00; 95%CI, 1.11–7.94; P = 0.031), postoperative medical complications (OR,4.99; 95%CI, 2.68–9.28; P < 0.001), longer fracture to operation duration (OR,1.11; 95%CI, 1.04–1.19; P = 0.002) were associated with increased a risk for 3-month mortality.

Conclusions

In conclusion, we found that postoperative medical morbidity and 3-month mortality in patients with hip fracture underwent THA was 21.90% and 5.20%, respectively during the COVID-19.
COPD, dementia, and longer fracture to operation duration were associated with negative outcome in patients with hip fracture underwent HA during the COVID-19.