bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface-clearance levels for the normal reuse of objects for 413 radionuclides
Authors: van Dillen Teun , Russo Federica , Mommaert Chantal 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper provides surface-clearance levels for 413 radionuclides for the normal reuse of objects leaving the controlled area of a nuclear facility. Four sets of surface-specific clearance levels are derived based on choices of dose coefficients (DCs) in probabilistic dose assessments using the SUrface DOse QUantification model (SUDOQU; van Dillen and van Dijk 2018 J. Radiol. Prot.
38 1147–203). The general dose criteria for clearance, extended with a suitable dose constraint for the concept of the representative person, are applied in the derivations. These clearance levels apply to the total of fixed and removable radioactive contamination on the surface of objects. The results are discussed in the context of conservatism of the exposure scenarios (parameters, DCs), and guidance is given on the selection and application of the values.
Effects of the charge–dipole and charge–quadrupole interactions on the He+ + CO reaction rate coefficients at low collision energies
Authors: Martins Fernanda B V , Zhelyazkova Valentina , Merkt Frédéric 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The reaction between He+ and CO forming He + C+ + O has been studied at collision energies in the range between 0 and k
B ⋅ 25 K. These low collision energies are reached by measuring the reaction within the orbit of a Rydberg electron after merging a beam of He(n) Rydberg atoms and a supersonic beam of CO molecules with a rotational temperature of 6.5 K. The capture rate of the reaction drops by about 30% at collision energies below k
B ⋅ 5 K. This behavior is analyzed in terms of the long-range charge–dipole and charge–quadrupole interactions using an adiabatic-channel capture model. Although the charge–dipole interaction has an effect on the magnitude of the rate coefficients, the effects of the charge–quadrupole interaction determine the main trend of the collision-energy dependence of the rate coefficients at low collision energies. The drop of the capture rate coefficient at low collision energies is attributed to the negative sign of the quadrupole moment of CO (Q

zz
= −2.839 D Å) and is caused by the |JM⟩ = |00⟩ and |1 ± 1⟩ rotational states of CO, which represent about 70% of the CO molecules at the rotational temperature of 6.5 K.
Hadron and light nucleus radii from electron scattering*
Authors: Cui Zhu-Fang , Binosi Daniele , Roberts Craig D. , Schmidt Sebastian M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Conceptually, radii are amongst the simplest Poincaré-invariant properties that can be associated with hadrons and light nuclei. Accurate values of these quantities are necessary so that one may judge the character of putative solutions to the strong interaction problem within the Standard Model. However, limiting their ability to serve in this role, recent measurements and new analyses of older data have revealed uncertainties and imprecisions in the radii of the proton, pion, kaon, and deuteron. In the context of radius measurement using electron+hadron elastic scattering, the past decade has shown that reliable extraction requires minimisation of bias associated with practitioner-dependent choices of data fitting functions. Different answers to that challenge have been offered; and this perspective describes the statistical Schlessinger point method (SPM), in unifying applications to proton, pion, kaon, and deuteron radii. Grounded in analytic function theory, independent of assumptions about underlying dynamics, free from practitioner-induced bias, and applicable in the same form to diverse systems and observables, the SPM returns an objective expression of the information contained in any data under consideration. Its robust nature and versatility make it suitable for use in many branches of experiment and theory.
Evidence for high-velocity solid dust generation induced by runaway electron impact in FTU
Authors: De Angeli M. , Tolias P. , Ratynskaia S. , Ripamonti D. , Vignitchouk L. , Causa F. , Daminelli G. , Esposito B. , Fortuna-Zalesna E. , Ghezzi F. , Laguardia L. , Maddaluno G. , Riva G. , Zielinski W. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Post-mortem and in situ evidence is presented in favor of the generation of high-velocity solid dust during the explosion-like interaction of runaway electrons with metallic plasma-facing components in FTU. The freshly-produced solid dust is the source of secondary de-localized wall damage through high-velocity impacts that lead to the formation of craters, which have been reproduced in dedicated light gas gun impact tests. This novel mechanism, of potential importance for ITER and DEMO, is further supported by surface analysis, multiple theoretical arguments and dust dynamics modeling.
Utilization of Nano thin films for solar cell self-cleaning.
Authors: Elezz Mariam Abu , Abdelmonem Nabil , Ismail Ibrahim , Abdelghany Amr 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The present work for preparing titanium dioxide as thin film to improve the PV system and put alternatives to manual cleaning with no loss in the efficiency. Using self-cleaning coatings instead of cleaning chemicals on PV panels is a very suitable process in the application and cost. A set of experiments were conducted on a laboratory scale by using the coating layer. The results showed that using pre-coated with titanium dioxide on PV panels is more effective than no coating layer. As increasing photo catalytic activity and the stability of the coated layer are more effective.
Removal of Co(II) from Water Using Graphene Oxide Functionalized with TOPO
Authors: Khalil Waleed F. , Agha Ahmed , Rayan R. A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
One of the most immensely adsorbents for removing radioactive waste from water is graphene oxide nanosheet (GO). It has a large specific surface area and a variety functional groups, including epoxide, carbonyl, carboxyl, and hydroxyl. This work has prepared GO and functionalized with TOPO (Tri-octyl phosphine oxide). Raman spectroscopy, XRD, High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy utilized the unfunctionalized and functionalized GO samples. The results indicate that the produced GO-TOPO adsorbents are very effective Co (II) adsorbents in the acidic medium. The maximum adsorption of Co (II) adsorbed on GO-TOPO was approximately 134 mg/g. The ideal conditions for eliminating Co (II) from water are pH of 6 and temperature 40 °C. Langmuir and Freundlich equations have been used to describe the isothermal data. According to R square, the Langmuir model was better than the Freundlich model.
Aziridine type bonding agents for composite solid rocket propellant
Authors: Eissa Mohamed F. , Ahmed Maraden , Tarek M. Elhedery , Ali M. Abd elall , Hosam E. Mostafa 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Bonding agents, as a paramount component in the composite solid rocket propellant, effectively enhance the interactions between polybutadiene matrix and oxidizer. It mainly affects the processing ability, mechanical behavior, and aging. Bonding agent plays the role of an anonymous soldier to defeat stresses produced by loading conditions, changes in the environmental condition, and transportation of composite propellant. The role and the mechanism of aziridine type bonding agents are discussed focusing on a novel MST aziridine bonding agent (Tris-(2-methyl-1-aziridinyl) phosphine oxide (MAPO) plus Stearic acid plus Tartaric acid) (poly (isopropylamine N(2-methyl-1-aziridinyl) phosphine oxide octadecanoic)-co-(isopropylamine tartrate)). Preparation of composite solid propellant samples containing the same weight percentage of different bonding agents is conducted. Mechanical properties and aging behavior for the prepared samples were monitored to extract the impact of bonding agent type. Mechanical properties of the bonding agents were recorded at three different temperatures in order to simulate various environmental conditions. Results of stress-strain responses during uniaxial tensile tests showed that MST bonding agent has the strongest interaction with solid particles reaches a value of 50.4 % strain and 8.052 Kg/cm2 stress at normal conditions. Compared to MT-4 (produced from the reaction of 2 moles MAPO plus 0.7-mole Adipic acid and 0.3-mole Tartaric acid) and MAPO, MST improved the aging behavior.
Implementation of Mass Integration Design Concept for Material Preservation in Acrylonitrile Industry
Authors: Farrag Nessren M , Ghallab Ayat O 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The industrial production has suffered from huge amounts of waste discharges that contain valuable unreacted components as well as major contaminants that affect the environment. Just like heat integration, mass integration evolves around recycling the discharge streams back into the process to increase the overall plant performance and decrease the fresh feedstock resources used as well as extracting the valuable by-products whether in product streams or waste streams; thus, decreasing the overall cost and increasing the production value of outcomes. The study has tackled mass integration graphically on an existing production process, acrylonitrile, and evaluated the performance of mass-exchange networks. It also suggested improvements can be recommended in terms of composition driving forces inside mass exchangers. The mass network developed improved both the production yield and the product quality. In this research, the plant, located in Baroda complex, India, on a 500 m2 area, has been studied for mass integration using mass separating agents. The mass separating agents used were water and benzene. A mass exchange network design has been conducted in the feasible design regions to achieve maximum mass recovery and mass targets of each mass exchanger. Three extra units were added for Acetonitrile removal, Hydrogen cyanide removal, and Acrylonitrile extraction.
Characterizations of Anisotropic Superconductivity in (BiSe)1+δNbSe2
Authors: Matsuzawa S , Pyon S , Tamegai T 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Anisotropy of superconductivity in misfit layered compounds (BiSe)1+δNbSe2 was studied. We synthesized single crystals of (BiSe)1+δNbSe2 using CsCl/KCl flux method. There existed two phases with different T
c depending on the starting composition δ, although their structures were almost unaffected by changing δ. Anisotropy of the upper critical field was determined by magneto-resistance measurements with various out-of-plane and in-plane field angles. The out-of-plane anisotropy of H
c2 showed a cusp-like behavior for fields close to ab-plane similar to that predicted by 2D Tinkham model. Furthermore, a clear two-fold symmetry was observed in the in-plane angular dependence of H
c2.
STM/STS study of the local density of states in Cu doped Fe(Se,Te) superconductors
Authors: Sugimoto Akira , Ishimitsu Satoru , Ohtsubo Hironori , Matsumoto Kaito , Saito Takeshi , Ekino Toshikazu , Gabovich Alexander M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The scanning tunnel microscopy/scanning tunnel spectroscopy (STM/STS) measurements of the local quasiparticle density of states (LDOS) in Cu
x
-Fe1.01-x
Se0.4Te0.6 (x = 0.01-0.03) superconductors were carried out. Critical temperatures Tc
decrease with increasing Cu-impurity doping level x. STM images show clear regular square arrangements of spots with the lattice spacing ~ 0.38 nm as well as the randomly distributed large spots, which are most possibly due to excess Fe atoms. While the STM image resembles that of non-doped Fe(Se,Te), the LDOS map shows various extra spot structures with bright (with higher magnitudes of dI/dV) and dark (with lower magnitudes of dI/dV) regions. With increasing x, the number of such spots grows proportionally, indicating that these spots most probably correspond to the dopant Cu atoms.
Structure-property-process parameter correlation in the Advanced MOCVD growth of 4+ μm REBCO thick films over 10+ m
Authors: Paidpilli M , Boyina K , Shyam V , Galstyan E , Majkic G , Selvamanickam V 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
REBCO (REBa2Cu3O7−δ
) coated conductor with Je
> 1000 A/mm2 at operating condition is being utilized in fusion and high-field-magnet applications. We have demonstrated short REBCO samples with an engineering current density (Je
) ~ 4,600 A/mm2 (based on 0.1 mm thick tape) at 4.2 K, 20 T using Advanced Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (A-MOCVD). In order to achieve such high performance uniformly over long tapes, defective regions in thick films need to be avoided. In this work, we investigated parameters that cause dropout or variation in the critical current along the length of long tapes made by A-MOCVD. By addressing the engineering challenges of growing 4+ μm thick REBCO films in a single pass, 10+ m long tapes with high critical current that varies < 5% along the length have been fabricated.
Effect of boron precursor ultra-sonicated in hexane medium on the critical current density of sintered bulk MgB2
Authors: Arvapalli Sai Srikanth , Jirsa Milos , Murakami Masato , Miryala Muralidhar 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The large coherence length of MgB2 material allows large defects such as grain boundaries to act as strong pinning centres. As an alternative to the high-cost commercial nano precursors, we used a novel ultra-sonication technique to refine a cheap rough boron precursor and avoid the use of the expensive commercial nano amorphous boron powder. Recent novel low-cost ultra-sonication technique proved to improve the critical current density, J
c, of MgB2. Here, we discuss the consequences of ultra-sonication duration in hexane medium on the boron precursor as well as the superconducting properties of MgB2 bulks. XRD revealed small peaks corresponding to unreacted Mg. First derivative of susceptibility was plotted as a function of temperature to explain the Tc,onset
and ΔTc. J
c was found to grow if the MgB2 bulk was prepared of boron ultra-sonicated for up to 30 minutes and then reduced with further boron ultra-sonication (60 minutes). SEM micrographs showed that boron powder subjected to longer ultra-sonication resulted in agglomeration of broken boron particles, forming large MgB2 grains. Based on the comparison of superconducting properties with previous results, we speculate that viscosity of the ultra-sonication medium might have a crucial role in the refinement of boron precursor powder.
Improvement of Damping Factor by Optimal Shape and Installation Position of the Damper Coils at Low Velocity Range in Electrodynamic Suspension System
Authors: Yamamoto Ryo , Betsunoh Ryotaro , Ohashi Shunsuke 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The electrodynamic suspension system (EDS) realizes stable levitation without the gap control. One of its application is JR Maglev. The EDS system has basically no damping factor against the disturbance. The damping factor is improved by installing the additional coil. However, the damping factor is needed especially at the low velocity. The normal operation velocity in the JR Maglev is the velocity vx
= 120[m/sec]. The optimal shape and installation position of the damper coils at the low velocity range such as vx
< 80[m/sec] is discussed. The type of the damper coil system and the velocity do not affect the optimal height of the coil. The optimal width of the damper coil in the semi-active system is 8.9% smaller than that in the passive one. The optimal installation position is higher at the low velocity than that at the normal operation velocity in both damper system type. By this optimization, the vertical oscillation is up to 13.6% smaller and the pitching oscillation is up to 11.0% smaller.
Longevity study on the CMS resistive plate chambers for HL-LHC
Authors: Aly R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The CMS Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) system has been certified for 10 years of LHC operation. In the next years, during the High luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) phase, the LHC instantaneous luminosity will increase to a factor five more than the existing LHC luminosity. This will subject the present CMS RPC system to background rates and operating conditions much higher with respect to those for which the detectors have been designed. Those conditions could affect the detector properties and introduce nonrecoverable aging effects. A dedicated longevity test is set up in the CERN Gamma Irradiation Facility (GIF++) to determine if the present RPC detectors can survive the hard background conditions during the HL-LHC running period. During the irradiation test, the RPC detectors are exposed to a high gamma radiation for a long period and the detector main parameters are monitored as a function of the integrated charge. Based on collecting a large fraction of the expected integrated charge at the LH-LHC. The results of the irradiation test will be presented.
Engineering a dynamic three-dimensional cell culturing microenvironment using a ‘sandwich’ structure-liked microfluidic device with 3D printing scaffold
Authors: Ding Laiqian , Liu Chong , Yin Shuqing , Zhou Zhanwei , Chen Jing , Chen Xueting , Chen Li , Wang Dazhi , Liu Bo , Liu Yuanchang , Wei Juan , Li Jingmin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Most of in vivo tissue cells reside in 3D extracellular matrix (ECM) with fluid flow. To better study cell physiology and pathophysiology, there has been an increasing need in the development of methods for culturing cells in in vivo like microenvironments with a number of strategies currently being investigated including hydrogels, spheroids, tissue scaffolds and very promising microfluidic systems. In this paper, a ‘sandwich’ structure-liked microfluidic device integrated with a 3D printing scaffold is proposed for three-dimensional and dynamic cell culture. The device consists of three layers, i.e. upper layer, scaffold layer and bottom layer. The upper layer is used for introducing cells and fixing scaffold, the scaffold layer mimicking ECM is used for providing 3D attachment areas, and the bottom layer mimicking blood vessels is used for supplying dynamic medium for cells. Thermally assisted electrohydrodynamic jet (TAEJ) printing technology and microfabrication technology are combined to fabricate the device. The flow field in the chamber of device is evaluated by numerical simulation and particle tracking technology to investigate the effects of scaffold on fluid microenvironment. The cell culturing processes are presented by the flow behaviors of inks with different colors. The densities and viabilities of HeLa cells are evaluated and compared after 72 h of culturing in the microfluidic devices and 48-well plate. The dose-dependent cell responses to doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) are observed after 24 h treatment at different concentrations. These experimental results, including the evaluation of cell proliferation and in vitro cytotoxicity assessment of DOX in the devices and plate, demonstrate that the presented microfluidic device has good biocompatibility and feasibility, which have great potential in providing native microenvironments for in vitro cell studies, tissue engineering and drug screening for tumor therapy.
Optical image rotation based on orbital angular momentum decomposition and combination
Authors: Al Ibrahim Redha H , Zheng Shuiqin , Ng Tien Khee , Ooi Boon S 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper theoretically presents an optical image rotation system based on orbital angular momentum (OAM) manipulation. This system consists of two parts corresponding to OAM decomposition and OAM combination functions. OAM decomposition transforms the optical field into the OAM spectrum by log-polar transformation. OAM manipulation is applied on the OAM spectrum plane of the system, and then the OAM combination transforms the manipulated spectrum back into an optical image. By applying a linear phase shift modulation to the OAM spectrum, the image rotates due to the modulation. This paper demonstrates that the OAM spectrum manipulation for image rotation is equivalent to the one-dimensional movement of one of the optical elements. It is suggested that the rotation angle adjustment of an optical image rotation system can be realized, not only by the rotation of the elements, but also made possible by the linear translation of the optical elements. This means that the OAM dimension can bring new features to optical design.
Physical Activity Dynamics During a Digital Messaging Intervention Changed After the Pandemic Declaration
Authors: Hojjatinia Sahar , Lee Alexandra M , Hojjatinia Sarah , Lagoa Constantino M , Brunke-Reese Deborah , Conroy David E 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic adversely impacted physical activity, but little is known about how contextual changes following the pandemic declaration impacted either the dynamics of people’s physical activity or their responses to micro-interventions for promoting physical activity.

Purpose
This paper explored the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the dynamics of physical activity responses to digital message interventions.

Methods
Insufficiently-active young adults (18–29 years; N = 22) were recruited from November 2019 to January 2020 and wore a Fitbit smartwatch for 6 months. They received 0–6 messages/day via smartphone app notifications, timed and selected at random from three content libraries (Move More, Sit Less, and Inspirational Quotes). System identification techniques from control systems engineering were used to identify person-specific dynamical models of physical activity in response to messages before and after the pandemic declaration on March 13, 2020.

Results
Daily step counts decreased significantly following the pandemic declaration on weekdays (Cohen’s d = -1.40) but not on weekends (d = -0.26). The mean overall speed of the response describing physical activity (dominant pole magnitude) did not change significantly on either weekdays (d = -0.18) or weekends (d = -0.21). In contrast, there was limited rank-order consistency in specific features of intervention responses from before to after the pandemic declaration.

Conclusions
Generalizing models of behavioral dynamics across dramatically different environmental contexts (and participants) may lead to flawed decision rules for just-in-time physical activity interventions. Periodic model-based adaptations to person-specific decision rules (i.e., continuous tuning interventions) for digital messages are recommended when contexts change.