bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of abstraction and informational density in higher and lower Indonesian graduate students' L2 English academic texts
Authors: Subandowo Dedy 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe language features of the second language (L2) English academic texts written by Indonesian graduate students enrolled in Hungarian higher education are employed in the present study. The study focuses on the level of abstraction and informational density in student assignments in particular. Seven high-stakes essays were collected from seven Indonesian graduate students registered in the faculty of Social Sciences at three different Hungarian universities. Coh-Metrix, a corpus-based computational tool, was used in this study to examine indices of content words and abstraction. As for the comparison between higher and lower proficiency level students, parametric statistics were used to conduct a quantitative analysis of the selected linguistic features, including nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, pronouns, and concreteness and abstraction. The results show that C1 English proficiency level students outnumber B2 students in terms of informational density. Their texts are more abstract than those of B2 students.
The Fourth of the Fourth: On the Genesis and the Early Performances of the Allegretto, pizzicato Movement of Béla Bartók's String Quartet No. 4
Authors: Németh Zsombor 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
As already pointed out by László Somfai in the late 1980s, Béla Bartók's first fully developed five-movement realization of the so-called “bridge” or “palindrome” form was only an afterthought, a further development of a composition originally intended as a cycle of four movements only. As also discussed briefly by Somfai, the evolution of the Allegretto, pizzicato movement itself had distinct stages. A recently surfaced source further clarifies these compositional phases, among others confirms the existence of a 140-measure-long version without a proper conclusion, which, at one point, the composer considered as a definitive version (for which only the ending needed to be composed) and tested with the Waldbauer-Kerpely Quartet. The present article re-examines the compositional process of Bartók's String Quartet no. 4 with an emphasis on its additional fourth movement and discusses the different compositional phases of the Allegretto, pizzicato.
The role of coagulation hemostasis for development of early-onset preeclampsia in low-risk patients
Authors: Nikolaeva M. G. , Shchekleina K. V. , Momot A. P. , Terekhina V. Yu. , Grigorieva E. V. 
Published: June 2022

Aim: to determine a role of specific parameters of coagulation hemostasis for development of severe early-onset preeclampsia (еPE) in low-risk patients.Materials and Methods. A single-center prospective study included 40 patients with a physiological course of pregnancy and term delivery (control group) as well as 41 pregnant women with developed severe еPE (study group). Patients at the gestational age of 19–21 and 27–28 weeks in the comparison groups were examined for serum tissue factor (TF) activity; tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and potential to generate thrombin in calibrated thrombography test.Results. Patients with developed ePE vs. control group were found to have significantly increased TF activity at both time points: 49.1 pmol/ml vs. 5.3 pmol/ml (p < 0.0001) and 56.7 pmol/ml vs. 6.6 pmol/ml (p < 0.0001); respectively. At gestational age of 19–21 weeks; patients in the study vs. control group had serum TFPI level significantly lower (1.1 U/ml vs. 1.6 U/ml; p < 0.0001) that was significant elevated up to 2.1 U/ml by 82 % at 27–28 weeks of pregnancy. At both time points; a significantly increased thrombin generation was detected in women with developed ePE.Conclusion. The development of ePE is characterized by increased potential to generate thrombin. TF has been identified as a more sensitive marker of activated coagulation hemostasis; and its significantly increased activity was recorded at gestational age of 19–21 weeks that allows us to consider TF as a prognostic biomarker.
Retraction notice: “Modern method of biomechanical estimation of the rational lower extremities prosthetic sockets production”. Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia. 2007;(3):36-43.
Authors: Gusev Maxim G. , Malykhin A. S. , Shcherbina Konstantin K. 
Published: June 2022

The article Modern method of biomechanical estimation of the rational lower extremities prosthetic sockets production published in Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia (2007, N 3) by M.G. Gusev, A.S. Malykhin, K.K. Shcherbina is a duplicate of the article Modern method of biomechanical estimation of the rational lower extremities prosthetic sockets production published in the Bulletin of Mechnikov Saint Petersburg State Medical Academy. 2007;(3):186189. That was the reason for retraction.
Revealed April 20, 2022 by the Editorial Board.
Editorial Statement: Ten years of life of EJGE
Authors: Sánchez-Santos José Manuel , Benedetto Giacomo 
Published: June 2022

In this editorial statement, we present a balance of the first decade of life of the European Journal of Government and Economics. We discuss the main difficulties an independent journal faces in maintaining the policy of open access and publication free of charge. We also renew the commitment to the journal's spirit, particularly with the editorial rigour and best practices. Finally, we identify the next steps in the consolidation of EJGE as an academic journal that attempts to keep an integrated approach between the fields of political science and economics.
Cost analysis of reprocessing of gloves
Authors: Gupta Ravi , Mehra Aditi 
Published: June 2022

Background: Gloves are an integral component of standard precautions. Reprocessing and reuse of gloves are undertaken in hospitals in resource- limited settings to reduce the cost incurred in the procurement of single use disposable gloves. There is no standardized procedure to ascertain the integrity of gloves after reprocessing. The aim of the study was to calculate the cost of reprocessing gloves vis a vis use of disposable gloves. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the CSSD. The cost incurred in all the steps of reprocessing of gloves in terms of manpower involved, consumables used and the cost of operating the equipment was determined. The overall cost was then divided by the number of total pairs of gloves reprocessed during the study period to arrive at the cost of reprocessing per pair of gloves.Results: Total cost incurred for running the machinery, manpower involved and consumables used was calculated to be Rs. 716,649. Number of pairs of gloves reprocessed was 42900. The total cost incurred in reprocessing one pair of glove in this setting was calculated to be Rs. 16.7 per glove, whereas the cost of sterile disposable surgical gloves was Rs. 11.50 during the study period. Conclusions: The results of the present study show that the reprocessing of gloves is not cheaper than using disposable gloves. The healthcare institutions should carefully look into the sterilisation techniques vis a vis the cost of using the disposable gloves.
Insights of literacy on preventive behaviors of non-communicable diseases in Bangladesh: descriptive types of cross-sectional study among female university students
Authors: Banu Bilkis , Chowdhury Sujana Haque , Akter Nasrin , Ara Ulfat , Islam Kazi Rakibul , Amin M. Ruhul , Hossain Sarder Mahmud 
Published: June 2022

Background: Non-communicable diseases were the leading global causes of mortality, causing more deaths compare to all other causes combined, which strike hardest at world's low and middle-income countries. The aim of the study was to ascertain the health literacy and its practical application among the young generation to prevent major non communicable diseases. Methods: This was a descriptive type of cross-sectional study with 400 participants drawn from female university students of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Data were gathered by pre-tested, self-administered, structured and anonymous online questionnaires. Analysis was performed by using multivariate techniques followed by regression modelling and the margin of error was considered as 0.05. Results: Socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents showed that, majority of the female students belonged to age group <25 years. Study found that 63.5% of all university students had poor literacy on prevention of NCDs with female propensity. It was observed that highest level of poor literacy was about cancer (73.20%) and hypertension (75.20%) among all other NCDs. Statistically significant analysis observed that monthly lower family income <468 USD (AOR/p=1.73/0.01), respondents of businessman father (AOR=1.68/0.06) and residing in a family with >4 members (AOR/p=0.67/0.00) were the predictors for poor literacy about preventive health behavior on NCDs. Conclusions: This study revealed that the status of literacy on preventive health behaviors of NCDs among female university students was not satisfactory and very few had overall good literacy. This study found several important predictors under socio-demographic consequence played a significant role regarding poor literacy.
Joint complaints in the elderly during the COVID-19
Authors: Napitupulu Rosintan Milana , Juwita Citra Puspa , Manik James W. H. 
Published: June 2022

Background: COVID-19 has an impact on the lack of physical activity of the elderly so that it can cause complaints in the joints such as: pain, swelling, and limited movement. This study aim of the study was to find out the prevalence joint complaints in the elderly during the COVID-19.Method: Research is descriptive with a quantitative approach on 150 elderly people in Cililitan Village, East Jakarta, Indonesia, where data collection is carried out by community health worker (CHW) who have been trained. Primary data collection through a questionnaire containing six questions about complaints of pain, swelling, and motion limitation in the joints: neck, shoulders, elbows, pelvis, ankles, fingers, toes, waist, wrists, and knees.Results: Joint disorders occurred by the elderly, 133 elderly (89%) had two joint problems, followed 8 elderly (5%) had problems in one joint, and as many as 9 elderly (6%) had three joint disorders. Joint complaints in the knee joint are 44%, pain in the pelvic joint 25.3%, and pain in the fingers of the hand 24%. The second complaint of swelling occurs in the knee joints by 8%, followed by the fingers and pelvic joints, which is 5.3%. The third complaint is limited movement in the knee joint 58.6%, fingers 30%, and toes 22%.Conclusions: All respondents had joint complaints during the COVID-19 mainly occurring in the knee joints, fingers, toes, and pelvis.
Determination of microbial contamination of water used in the household for domestic purposes in Mombasa County, Kenya
Authors: Bakari Bibi A. , Mwaura Juddy W. , Yonge Shadrack A. 
Published: June 2022

Background: Globally, 45% of the global population, showing that the compliance level is very low in most developing countries. In Kenya, 10% of all deaths caused by waterborne illnesses are due to water scarcity and poor sanitation. Mombasa County is facing a major problem in the provision of domestic water to its residents, thus causing a water shortage.Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Mombasa County between November 2020-March 2021. 55 water samples were randomly collected for analysis of microbial contamination. Using stata for analysis, t-test was calculated to determine the relationship with p<0.05.Results: TC mean for boreholes was ±761.68 CFU and tap water was ±712.23 CFU. There was a significant difference in means between the two groups for TC (t=7.38, df=41.94, p=0.000). Faecal coliforms (FC) for borehole and tap water was ±739.52 CFU and ±115.42 CFU respectively. FC showed a significant difference between the two groups (t=3.74, df=36.84 and p=0.0003). HPC means for borehole and tap water of water were ±7730.62 CFU and ±4092.12 CFU respectively. There was no significant difference in means for HPC for the two groups (t=1.73, df=53 and p=0.0445). 34.3% (n=12) and 20% (n=4) of boreholes and tap water were contaminated with salmonella respectively. None of the water samples collected had Shigella. Conclusions: All borehole water samples stored in the household storage containers were more contaminated than tap water, hence not fit to be consumed in the household.
Patient satisfaction in urban primary health centres: case of Lucknow and Prayagraj districts in Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Agarwal Manoj K. , Mishra Sunanda 
Published: June 2022

Background: Patient satisfaction is one of the expected outcomes of healthcare, as it is closely connected to health-care utilization. It reflects patients' views on the quality of healthcare and the responsiveness of the healthcare system. There is a strong correlation that exists between patient’s satisfaction and their willingness to seek care at the preferred facility.Methods: A patient exit interview was carried out among 200 patients attending the urban primary health centre (UPHC) in two rationally selected district of Uttar Pradesh. Information regarding services and atmosphere of the UPHC was gathered using a pre-designed questionnaire during September 2019-December 2019. Binominal logistic regression, both simple and multi-variate were conducted to identify the factors which contribute significantly to patient’s satisfaction.Results: Overall we found that 57 percent of the patients were satisfied with the concerned UPHC and factors like examining authority, availability of medicines, waiting time, convenient opening hours, location of the UPHC and availability of waiting area were significantly associated with the patients’ satisfaction. Having found the opening hours convenient and waiting space available were the strongest predictors of patient satisfaction.Conclusions: In conclusion majority of the patient were satisfied, still there is a need to work upon factors like making adequate space available for the patients to wait and modifying the working hours of the UPHC as per the patients need so as to attain the highest level of patient satisfaction.
Employer expectations on the performance of graduates through KSA (knowledge, skills and attitudes) with reference to banking sector in Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Shinde Dr. Sandip , Al Balushi, Qais , Al Rashdi Al Yaqdhan , Adam Al-Zadjali Majid , Hameed Al Shabibi Abdul 
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study is to find out the gap between employer expectations and performance of graduates through KSA (Knowledge, skills and attitude) approach in banking sector in Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. The main area which has been covered in this research is related to expectations and performance of graduates through knowledge, skills and attitude. Questionnaire for the survey was designed to find out the gap between expected and actual performance of graduates through KSA. To analyze the findings, descriptive and correlation analysis has been used. The results of the analysis are very important and significant for employers, graduates who have recently joined the banking sector and educational institutions. Firstly, Educational institutions should work on scaling up the skills of the graduates. Secondly, organizations should scale down the expectations from the new employees and also should work on enhancing their capabilities. Thirdly, graduates who have recently joined banking sector should work on enhancing their knowledge, skills and attitude required for the organization.
The conclusion leads to recommendations to the educational institutions as well as employer to modify their curriculum and training programs to enhance the capabilities of the new employees.
Keywords: KSA, Knowledge, Skills, Attitudes, Employer expectations.
Ecological Risk Assessment of Pharmaceutical Residues in Surface Water.
Authors: Nnodum Chima , Yusuf Kafeelah 
Published: June 2022

Pharmaceutical compounds have been frequently detected in the aquatic environment globally and are suspected to have some negative health consequences. The present study evaluates the sources, occurrences, spatiotemporal variabilities, concentrations, and potential risks of some pharmaceutical residues in surface water of Isolo and Amuwo Odofin areas of Lagos Nigeria. surface water samples were collected bi-monthly for a period of twenty-four months. The samples were filtered with 0.45µm glass fiber and analyzed using HPLC with a UV detector. Solid-phase extraction was achieved with OASIS HLB cartridges C18 for pre-concentration of 500ml of the sample. The target analytes were acetaminophen, ibuprofen, diclofenac, metronidazole, amoxicillin, sulfadoxin, pyrimethamin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and caffeine. Levels of pharmaceutical residues (PRs) in the water samples ranged from 1.261-5.035ng / L for ibuprofen, 0.484 - 2.366ng / L for diclofenac, nd -3.57 ng / L for sulfadoxin, 0.976 -3.440 for ofloxacin, 0.585 - 0.706 ng / L for ciprofloxacin, 0.187-1.228ng / L for caffeine, 0.395-1.329 ng / L for acetaminophen and 0.032 – 0.598 ng / L for metronidazole. Amoxicillin and pyrimethamine were not detected in all the samples. The order of concentration of the pollutants are Ibuprofen > diclofenac > ofloxacin > sulfadoxin > acetaminophen> caffeine > caffeine > ciprofloxacin > metronidazole .Measured sample concentrations were compared with the approved values in “European Committee on antimicrobial susceptibility (EAUCAST)” database and some of the detected pharmaceutical compounds were found to be of high concentrations. Ecological risk assessments of each pharmaceutical active ingredient was evaluated and Rist Quotients (RQ) > 1 were found for metronidazole, ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin, indicating high risk. The need for improved wastewater treatment technologies cannot be over emphasized. Continuous monitoring and better regulatory frameworks may be necessary.
The Influence of E-Learning on Teaching Administration of Primary Education in Rwanda
Authors: Kabera Samuel 
Published: June 2022

The development of information technology (e-Learning) has a potential to support the learning process revolution; in this matter, a research is to be carried out to assess the impact of e-Learning on the teaching and learning management in primary education in Rwanda. The researcher must test the validity of the learning using expert validation sheet instruments and limited testing using observation sheets, interview guides, questionnaires and documentation as the main instruments. Data analysis will be collected using descriptive analysis techniques. E-learning is able to generate a high attractiveness and high learning motivation for the students. Learning is more fun so that students learn more optimally and effectively. The main thesis is that E-learning spawns numerous problems for primary students—namely a homogenization and dehumanization. This ultimately leads to what Ritzer (2000) calls a ‘Mc Donaldisation of education’ Key words: E-Learning, Teaching Management. INTRODUCTION
Integrating instructional technologies in teaching: The case of Malkerns primary schools, Eswatini
Authors: Portia L. Nkambule , Njabuliso H. Nsibande , Sithulisiwe Bhebhe 
Published: June 2022

Abstract: The purpose of the study was to establish how educators integrate instructional technologies during teaching in Malkerns primary schools, located in the Manzini region of the Kingdom of Eswatini. The main focus of this study was on the training and support that educators receive towards the integration of instructional technologies in teaching as well as strategies to be put in place in order to curb the challenges faced. The study employed a qualitative approach and a descriptive research design in which face-to-face interviews and focus group discussion were used to collect data. Purposive sampling was used to select the five head teachers, ten educators as change leaders and two computer educators from five selected schools in the Malkerns cluster. The data was analysed using thematic analysis. The main conclusions of the study were that the availability of instructional technologies in schools does not mean that they are integrated during the teaching process. The study also concluded that educators have inadequate technological training and inadequate support which hinder effective instructional technologies integration in teaching. It is recommended that appropriate training programmes for educators, establishment of fully-fledged computer laboratories and an Information and Communication Technology (ICT) policy to support instructional technologies should be put in place to ensure successful integration of instructional technologies in teaching.
Need for a pedagogy of large groups in Congo -Kinshasa
Authors: Reagan Ngonzo Kitumba , Kafeni C.T. Gumanda 
Published: June 2022

This article starts from a constant according to which the classes of Kinshasa have become bloated because of the mismatch between the rhythm of the evolution of the school demand and the capacity of reception and possibility of supervision. An inadequacy justified by the state of the economies, especially the budgets allocated to education in the countries located south of the Sahara in which the Democratic Republic of Congo is located.
In order to solve this large group problem in classrooms, a purely pedagogical solution is proposed in this work. This is group pedagogy. Teachers should therefore be trained in the pedagogy of large groups during retraining to enable them to take charge of these classes.
Multifunctionality of green corridors during pandemic lockdowns: a case study of Riobamba city in Ecuador
Authors: Morales Gonzalez Janeth Alexandra , Yang QingJuan , Sayed Mustafa Poyan 
Published: June 2022

The pandemic has demonstrated several weaknesses and inequalities in the way society live and develops within cities, such as economic losses, massive contagions, and above all, the lack of control and people's lack of awareness about the crisis. This study aims to investigate the transformation of cities with a shortage of green spaces into cities with green and sustainable planning, the association between urban greenery and physical activity during the Covid-19, and urban green corridors as a planning tool for urban green areas.
The green corridor was born out of a social need in the face of a health crisis and the improvement of the urban environment. This research employs three methods to study: empirical judgment and experience analysis and network analysis. All those who could not cope with the lockdown exposed green and recreational spaces in Riobamba, since only 7% of those surveyed stayed at home, while 70% left their homes for green or recreational spaces within the urban area and 23% left the city. This shows how the quality of green areas can positively affect people’s behaviors during the Covid-19. This effect highlighted the preservation of natural areas, urban reforestation, and re-naturalization of spaces. The urban green corridor is a system that connects several spaces, creating two interactions: the first is how the city can provide the necessary infrastructure during a crisis, and the second is how it energizes and prioritizes the health and supply systems for urban residents, creating safe spaces for each of the city's sectors.