bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A SOCIOLINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF TABOO WORDS USED BY THE MAIN CHARACTER IN BAD MOMS MOVIE
Authors: Fazri Saepul , Laili Elisa Nurul 
Published: July 2022

Taboo is something that considered bad and inappropriate or forbidden to do, even the words to be spoken freely in language use. It relates to the rules, ethics, and norms between individual relationships with others in an area or society. Taboo words use is one of disfemism types or a form of human’s expression with use the words that have bad connotations and bad meaning and can hurt the others, people must avoid it with use the more polites words, neutral words or the words can not cause the negative effects or reactions to the others. The author does the research of the taboo words that spoken by the mom’s characters in the Bad Moms movie with a descriptive qualitative approach with use sociolinguistic to understand and make the language as the object. The movie tells about the women who take care of all their works and children without helps from the man or their husband, but one day they feel bored with much works they do and want to escape their responsibilities and regain their freedom and pleasure which have been delayed. The purpose of this study is to identify the types and the functions of the taboo words which spoken by the mom’s characters of the Bad Mom’s movie or the data is taken from the movie’s script. This article tells about the American views of the mom’s character or which categorized bad from their daily speech, specially in taboo words use, because speech or discourse can cause an image self or represent theirself.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF GENERALIZED OSKOLKOV EQUATION VIA THE SEPTIC B-SPLINE COLLOCATION METHOD
Authors: KARAKOÇ Seydi Battal Gazi , SUCU Derya , TAGHACHİ Mohamad Arif 
Published: July 2022

In this paper, one of the nonlinear evolution equation (NLEE) namely generalised Oskolkov equation which defines the dynamics of an incompressible visco-elastic Kelvin-Voigt fluid is investigated. We discuss numerical
solutions of the equation for two test problems including single solitary wave and Gaussian initial condition, applying the collocation finite element method. The algorithm, based upon Crank Nicolson approach in time, is unconditionally stable. To demonstrate the proficiency and accuracy of the numerical algorithm, error norms L2, L∞ and invariant I are calculated and the obtained results are indicated both in tabular and graphical form. The obtained numerical results provide the method is more suitable and systematically handle the solution procedures of nonlinear equations arising in mathematical physics.
In vitro selection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae unveils novel mutations associated with extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance
Authors: Schörner Marcos André , Mesa Dany , Barazzetti Fernando Hartmann , Martins Jéssica Motta , Machado Hanalydia de Melo , Grisard Henrique Borges da Silva , Wachter Julia Kinetz , Starick Márick Rodrigues , Scheffer Mara Cristina , Palmeiro Jussara Kasuko , Bazzo Maria Luiza 
Published: July 2022

The emergence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs) is a worldwide concern because this class of antibiotics represents the last empirical treatment option for gonorrhea. The abusive use of antimicrobials may be an essential factor for the emergence of ESC resistance in N. gonorrhoeae. Cephalosporin resistance mechanisms have not been fully clarified. In this study, we mapped mutations in the genome of N. gonorrhoeae isolates after resistance induction with cefixime and explored related metabolic pathways. Six clinical isolates with different antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and genotypes and two gonococcal reference strains (WHO F and WHO Y) were induced with increasing concentrations of cefixime. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed against six antimicrobial agents before and after induction. Clinical isolates were whole-genome sequenced before and after induction, whereas reference strains were sequenced after induction only. Cefixime resistance induction was completed after 138 subcultures. Several metabolic pathways were affected by resistance induction. Five isolates showed SNPs in PBP2. The isolates M111 and M128 (ST1407 with mosaic penA-34.001) acquired one and four novel missense mutations in PBP2, respectively. These isolates exhibited the highest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for cefixime among all clinical isolates. Mutations in genes contributing to ESC resistance and in other genes were also observed. Interestingly, M107 and M110 (ST338) showed no mutations in key determinants of ESC resistance despite having a 127-fold increase in the MIC of cefixime. These findings point to the existence of different mechanisms of acquisition of ESC resistance induced by cefixime exposure. Furthermore, the results reinforce the importance of the gonococcal antimicrobial resistance surveillance program in Brazil, given the changes in treatment protocols made in 2017 and the nationwide prevalence of sequence types that can develop resistance to ESC.
Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa is predisposed to lasR mutation through up-regulated activity of efflux pumps in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis patients
Authors: Ding Fengming , Han Lei , Xue Yishu , Yang Iris Tingshiuan , Fan Xinxin , Tang Rong , Zhang Chen , Zhu Miao , Tian Xue , Shao Ping , Zhang Min 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundMultidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a frequent opportunistic pathogen that causes significant mortality in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB). Although the quorum sensing (QS) system is a potential target for treatment, lasR mutants that present with a QS-deficient phenotype have been frequently reported among clinical P. aeruginosa isolates. We aimed to investigate whether antibiotic resistance would select for lasR mutants during chronic P. aeruginosa lung infection and determine the mechanism underlying the phenomenon.MethodsWe prospectively evaluated episodes of chronic P. aeruginosa lung infections in NCFB patients over a 2-year period at two centers of our institution. QS phenotypic assessments and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of P. aeruginosa isolates were performed. Evolution experiments were conducted to confirm the emergence of lasR mutants in clinical MDR P. aeruginosa cultures.ResultsWe analyzed episodes of P. aeruginosa infection among 97 NCFB patients and found only prior carbapenem exposure independently predictive of the isolation of MDR P. aeruginosa strains. Compared with non-MDR isolates, MDR isolates presented significantly QS-deficient phenotypes, which could not be complemented by the exogenous addition of 3OC12-HSL. The paired isolates showed that their QS-phenotype deficiency occurred after MDR was developed. Whole-genome sequencing analysis revealed that lasR nonsynonymous mutations were significantly more frequent in MDR isolates, and positive correlations of mutation frequencies were observed between genes of lasR and negative-efflux-pump regulators (nalC and mexZ). The addition of the efflux pump inhibitor PAβN could not only promote QS phenotypes of these MDR isolates but also delay the early emergence of lasR mutants in evolution experiments.ConclusionsOur data indicated that MDR P. aeruginosa was predisposed to lasR mutation through the upregulated activity of efflux pumps. These findings suggest that anti-QS therapy combined with efflux pump inhibitors might be a potential strategy for NCFB patients in the challenge of MDR P. aeruginosa infections.
Evaluation of left ventricular myocardial stratified strain in patients with Kawasaki disease using two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging
Authors: Hu Jinling , Zheng Qiaojin , Ren Weidong 
Published: July 2022

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute autoimmune self-limited disease of unknown etiology. We aimed to evaluate the left ventricular myocardial stratified strains in children with KD in different stages using two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging, and to find the index that can early predict myocardial function injury in children with KD. A total of 73 children with KD were divided into acute, convalescent, and chronic stages according to the disease course. All children had no coronary artery damage. Further, 64 normal children were selected as the control group. The longitudinal and circumferential strain peaks of each myocardium were recorded, and the left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS), global circumferential strain (LVGCS), and transmural gradient between endocardium and epicardium (ΔGLS, ΔGCS) were calculated. Compared with the control group, LVGLS, GLS-Endo, GLS-Mid, GLS-Epi, and ΔGLS decreased in acute KD; LVGLS, GLS-Endo, GLS-Mid, GLS-Epi, ΔGLS, LVGCS, GCS-Mid, and GCS-Epi decreased in the convalescent stage; and only GLS-Endo was lower in children with chronic KD (P &lt; 0.05). ROC curve was used to calculate the stratified strain parameters so as to predict left ventricular systolic function in children with acute KD; the area under the LVGLS curve was the largest (AUC = 0.953, P &lt; 0.001). When the cutoff value of LVGLS was −19.89%, the sensitivity and specificity were 95.8% and 83.2%, respectively.ConclusionsThe systolic function of the whole layer of the myocardium decreased to varying degrees in children with KD. With the extension of the disease course, the myocardial function gradually recovered, but the subendocardial myocardium was still damaged. LVGLS could identify the abnormity of left ventricular contractility in patients with KD at the acute stage. Thus, it has the promising prospect of clinical diagnosis.
Deployment and validation of an AI system for detecting abnormal chest radiographs in clinical settings
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc Huy , Nguyen Ha Quy , Nguyen Nghia Trung , Nguyen Thang Viet , Pham Hieu Huy , Nguyen Tuan Ngoc-Minh 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundThe purpose of this paper is to demonstrate a mechanism for deploying and validating an AI-based system for detecting abnormalities on chest X-ray scans at the Phu Tho General Hospital, Vietnam. We aim to investigate the performance of the system in real-world clinical settings and compare its effectiveness to the in-lab performance.MethodThe AI system was directly integrated into the Hospital's Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) after being trained on a fixed annotated dataset from other sources. The system's performance was prospectively measured by matching and comparing the AI results with the radiology reports of 6,285 chest X-ray examinations extracted from the Hospital Information System (HIS) over the last 2 months of 2020. The normal/abnormal status of a radiology report was determined by a set of rules and served as the ground truth.ResultsOur system achieves an F1 score—the harmonic average of the recall and the precision—of 0.653 (95% CI 0.635, 0.671) for detecting any abnormalities on chest X-rays. This corresponds to an accuracy of 79.6%, a sensitivity of 68.6%, and a specificity of 83.9%.ConclusionsComputer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems for chest radiographs using artificial intelligence (AI) have recently shown great potential as a second opinion for radiologists. However, the performances of such systems were mostly evaluated on a fixed dataset in a retrospective manner and, thus, far from the real performances in clinical practice. Despite a significant drop from the in-lab performance, our result establishes a reasonable level of confidence in applying such a system in real-life situations.
Clinical Characteristics of Inpatients With New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus in Eastern China: Based on Novel Clustering Analysis
Authors: Song Xueke , Lv Yingqi , Huang Nan , Sun Jinfang , Yang Ting , Wang Xiaoyuan , Zhang Jianan , Zhou Ziwei , Gao Huihua , Li Jie , Zhang Wei , Yin Han , Wei Qiong , Wang Kun , Li Ling 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionThis study aimed to explore the novel classification of inpatients with new-onset diabetes in Eastern China by the cluster-based classification method and compare the clinical characteristics among the different subgroups.MethodsA total of 1017 Inpatients with new-onset diabetes of five hospitals in Eastern China were included in the study. Clustering analysis was used to cluster the data into five subgroups according to six basic variables. The differences in clinical characteristics, treatments, and the prevalence of diabetes-related diseases among the five subgroups were analyzed by multiple groups comparisons and pairwise comparisons. The risk of diabetes-related diseases in the five subgroups was compared by calculating odd ratio (OR). P value &lt; 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsFive subgroups were obtained by clustering analysis with the highest proportion of patients with severe insulin-deficient diabetes (SIDD) 451 (44.35%), followed by patients with mild age-related diabetes (MARD) 236 (23.21%), patients with mild obesity-related diabetes (MOD) 207 (20.35%), patients with severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD) 81 (7.96%), and patients with severe autoimmune diabetes (SAID) 42 (4.13%). Five subtypes had their own unique characteristics and treatments. The prevalence and risk of diabetes-related complications and comorbidities were also significantly different among the five subtypes. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) was the most common in SIRD group. Patients in SIDD, SIRD, and MARD groups were more likely to develop cardiovascular disease (CVD) and/or stroke, diabetic peripheral vascular disease (DPVD), and diabetic distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSPN). The prevalence and risk of metabolic syndrome (MS) were the highest in MOD and SIRD groups. Patients in SAID group had the highest prevalence and risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Patients with MOD were more likely to develop non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).ConclusionsThe inpatients with new-onset diabetes in Eastern China had the unique clustering distribution. The clinical characteristics, treatments, and diabetes-related complications and comorbidities of the five subgroups were different, which may provide the basis for precise treatments of diabetes.
Molecular characterization of thioester-containing proteins in Biomphalaria glabrata and their differential gene expression upon Schistosoma mansoni exposure
Authors: Marquez J. , Dinguirard N. , Gonzalez A. , Kane A.E. , Joffe N.R. , Yoshino T.P. , Castillo M.G. 
Published: July 2022

Schistosomiasis is a disease caused by trematode parasites of the genus Schistosoma that affects approximately 200 million people worldwide. Schistosomiasis has been a persistent problem in endemic areas as there is no vaccine available, currently used anti-helmintic medications do not prevent reinfection, and most concerning, drug resistance has been documented in laboratory and field isolates. Thus, alternative approaches to curtail this human disease are warranted. Understanding the immunobiology of the obligate intermediate host of these parasites, which include the freshwater snail Biomphalaria glabrata, may facilitate the development of novel methods to stop or reduce transmission to humans. Molecules from the thioester-containing protein (TEP) superfamily have been shown to be involved in immunological functions in many animals including corals and humans. In this study we identified, characterized, and compared TEP transcripts and their expression upon S. mansoni exposure in resistant and susceptible strains of B. glabrata snails. Results showed the expression of 11 unique TEPs in B. glabrata snails. These transcripts present high sequence identity at the nucleotide and putative amino acid levels between susceptible and resistant strains. Further analysis revealed differences in several TEPs’ constitutive expression levels between resistant and susceptible snail strains, with C3-1, C3-3, and CD109 having higher constitutive expression levels in the resistant (BS90) strain, whereas C3-2 and TEP-1 showed higher constitutive expression levels in the susceptible (NMRI) strain. Furthermore, TEP-specific response to S. mansoni miracidia exposure reiterated their differential expression, with resistant snails upregulating the expression of both TEP-4 and TEP-3 at 2 h and 48 h post-exposure, respectively. Further understanding the diverse TEP genes and their functions in invertebrate animal vectors will not only expand our knowledge in regard to this ancient family of immune proteins, but also offer the opportunity to identify novel molecular targets that could aid in the efforts to develop control methods to reduce schistosomiasis transmission.
The efficacy and safety of IL-13 inhibitors in atopic dermatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Yan , Jing Danrong , Cheng Jun , Chen Xiang , Shen Minxue , Liu Hong 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundSeveral clinical trials have evaluated the efficacy and safety of interleukin-13 (IL-13) with lebrikizumab and tralokinumab in patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD). However, the safety and efficacy of IL-13 inhibitors as a potent biologic for AD remain elusive.ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy and safety of IL-13 inhibitors in moderate to severe AD.MethodRandomized clinical trials (RCTs), comparing IL-13 inhibitors vs placebo treatment in patients with moderate to severe AD, were identified from public database from its inception to November 9th, 2021. The study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021254920).ResultsSix studies reporting 7 RCTs involving 2946 patients with moderate-to-severe AD were included for the pooled analysis. Compared with placebo, antagonizing IL-13 with lebrikizumab and tralokinumab showed a greater improvement in percentage change of EASI (MD -20.37, 95%CI -32.28, -8.47), and a larger proportion of patients achieving numerical rating scale (NRS) with more than 4-points improvement (RR 1.59, 95%CI 1.23, 2.05). Additionally, IL-13 inhibitors also improved impaired dermatology life quality index (DLQI) (MD -14.49, 95%CI -19.23, -9.75). In terms of safety, both lebrikizumab and tralokinumab were well tolerated, with the except that they were linked to an increased risk of conjunctivitis compared to placebo treatment.ConclusionAntagonizing IL-13 with lebrikizumab and tralokinumab have demonstrated encouraging clinical efficacy against moderate-to-severe AD with excellent safety profile, albeit they did come with a higher risk of conjunctivitis than placebo treatment.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier ID=CRD42021254920.
Lenvatinib Plus Programmed Cell Death Protein-1 Inhibitor Beyond First-Line Systemic Therapy in Refractory Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer: A Real-World Retrospective Study in China
Authors: Shi Changying , Li Yulong , Yang Cheng , Qiao Liang , Tang Liukang , Zheng Yuting , Chen Xue , Qian Youwen , Yang Jiamei , Wu Dong , Xie Feng 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundCurrently, no second-line systemic treatment regimen has been recommended in advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC). Cumulative clinical evidence showed that systemic treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in combination with immunotherapy may shed light on the dim clinical outcome in advanced BTC.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to evaluate the anticancer efficacy of lenvatinib plus programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) antibody in patients with BTC who progressed after first-line cisplatin/gemcitabine (CisGem) chemotherapy.MethodsPatients with advanced BTCs who progressed after CisGem were recruited. A combination regimen of lenvatinib (8/12 mg daily) plus PD-1 antibody (200/240 mg injection every 3 weeks) was prescribed. Clinicopathological information and therapeutic outcome, including tumor subtypes, biomarkers, treatment duration, adverse events (AE), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS), were recorded and estimated.ResultsA total of 351 patients with BTCs were reviewed and 74 were recruited eventually: 35 had intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (47.3%), 4 had extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (5.4%), and 35 had gallbladder cancer (47.3%). The median administered cycles of PD-1 antibody were 6.43 (95% CI: 5.83–7.04) cycles, and the median duration of lenvatinib medication was 21.0 weeks (95% CI: 18.04–23.93). Twenty-eight patients (37.83%) experienced detectable objective response per RECIST1.1 within a median follow-up duration of 15.0 months. The objective response rate (ORR) was 20.27% (95% CI: 10.89%–29.65%), and the disease control rate (DCR) was 71.62% (95% CI: 61.11%–82.14%). The median PFS and OS were 4.0 months (95% CI: 3.5–5.0) and 9.50 months (95% CI: 9.0–11.0), respectively. Seventy-three patients (98.64%) reported AEs and 39 (52.70%) experienced ≥grade 3 AEs. In subgroup analyses, tumoral PD-L1 expression ≥50% and tumor mutation burden (TMB) ≥2.5 Muts/Mb were associated with prolonged PFS.ConclusionLenvatinib plus PD-1 antibody treatment shows an active trend towards improving survival in patients with advanced BTCs after failure with CisGem chemotherapy. The treatment-related AEs are worthy of attention and are manageable.
Interventions to reduce the incidence of medical error and its financial burden in health care systems: A systematic review of systematic reviews
Authors: Ahsani-Estahbanati Ehsan , Sergeevich Gordeev Vladimir , Doshmangir Leila 
Published: July 2022

Background and aimImproving health care quality and ensuring patient safety is impossible without addressing medical errors that adversely affect patient outcomes. Therefore, it is essential to correctly estimate the incidence rates and implement the most appropriate solutions to control and reduce medical errors. We identified such interventions.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of systematic reviews by searching four databases (PubMed, Scopus, Ovid Medline, and Embase) until January 2021 to elicit interventions that have the potential to decrease medical errors. Two reviewers independently conducted data extraction and analyses.ResultsSeventysix systematic review papers were included in the study. We identified eight types of interventions based on medical error type classification: overall medical error, medication error, diagnostic error, patients fall, healthcare-associated infections, transfusion and testing errors, surgical error, and patient suicide. Most studies focused on medication error (66%) and were conducted in hospital settings (74%).ConclusionsDespite a plethora of suggested interventions, patient safety has not significantly improved. Therefore, policymakers need to focus more on the implementation considerations of selected interventions.