bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of risk factors for death in 59 cases of critically ill neonates receiving continuous renal replacement therapy-a two-center retrospective study
Authors: Xu Jinglin , Chu Xiaoyun , Zhang Weifeng , Sun Yifen , Qiu Gang , Cai Cheng , Chen Dongmei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the risk factors for death in critically ill neonates receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).
Methods: The clinical data of critically ill neonates treated with CRRT at two tertiary hospitals from January 2015 to December 2021 were retrospectively analysed. A multi-factor logistic regression analysis was performed, and the predictive value of relevant risk factors on death was verified by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Results: (1) A total of 59 cases of critically ill neonates were included in this study, with 37 cases in the survival group and 22 in the death group. The mortality rate was 37.3%. (2) The most common primary disease in these cases was neonatal sepsis, followed by neonatal asphyxia and inborn errors of metabolism (IEM). (3) Univariate analysis showed that the risk factors related to death included primary diseases (neonatal sepsis, IEM), the number of organs involved in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), neonatal critical illness scores (NCIS), the levels of blood lactate, blood glucose, hemoglobin, and platelet before CRRT initiation, and the incidence of bleeding or thrombosis during CRRT (all P<0.05). (4) Multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors for death in critically ill neonates treated with CRRT included the occurrence of neonatal sepsis (OR=8.859, 95% CI 1.165 to 67.384, P=0.035), the number of organs involved in MODS (OR=4.762, 95% CI 1.301 to 17.424, P= 0.018), and the NCIS (OR=0.819, 95% CI 0.715 to 0.938, P=0.004). (5) ROC curve analysis showed that the number of organs involved in MODS and NCIS had a good predictive value for death in critically ill neonates treated with CRRT, with the areas under the curve (AUC) being 0.700 and 0.810, respectively (both P<0.05). When predicting death with these two indicators combined, the AUC reached 0.890, with a sensitivity of 81.0% and a specificity of 88.9%.
Conclusions: Neonatal sepsis, number of organs involved in MODS, and NCIS were independent risk factors for death in critically ill neonates treated with CRRT. Moreover, the number of organs involved in MODS and NCIS could effectively predict death in critically ill neonates treated with CRRT.
Can a “goldilocks” Mortality Predictor Perform Consistently Across Time and Equitably Across Populations?
Authors: Handler Jonathan , Lee Olivia , Chatrath Sheena , McGarvey Jeremy , Fitch Tyler , Jose Divya , Vozenilek John 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective: Advance care planning (ACP) facilitates end-of-life care, yet many die without one. Timely and accurate mortality prediction may encourage ACP. Therefore, we assessed performance equity and consistency for a novel 5-to-90-day mortality predictor.
Methods: Predictions were made for the first day of included adult inpatient admissions on a retrospective dataset. Performance was assessed across various demographies, geographies, and timeframes.
Results: AUC-PR remained at 29% both pre- and during COVID. Pre-COVID-19 recall and precision were 58% and 25% respectively at the 12.5% cutoff, and 12% and 44% at the 37.5% cutoff. During COVID-19, recall and precision were 59% and 26% at the 12.5% cutoff, and 11% and 43% at the 37.5% cutoff. Pre-COVID, recall dropped at both cutoffs if recent data was not made available to the model; and compared to the overall population, recall was lower at the 12.5% cutoff in the White, non-Hispanic subgroup and at both cutoffs in the rural subgroup. During COVID-19, precision at the 12.5% cutoff was lower than that of the overall population for the non-White and non-White female subgroups. No other statistically significant differences were seen between subgroups and the corresponding overall population.
Conclusions: Overall predictive performance during the pandemic was unchanged from pre-pandemic performance. Although some comparisons (especially precision at the 37.5% cutoff) were underpowered, precision at the 12.5% cutoff was equitable across most demographies, regardless of the pandemic. Mortality prediction to prioritize ACP conversations can be provided consistently and equitably across many studied timeframes, geographies, and demographies.
Implementation of mass drug administration of antibiotics in low- and middle- income countries
Authors: O’Sullivan Natasha , McCoy David 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Recent years has seen the mass administration of certain antimicrobials, including antibiotics, increasingly promoted as a public health strategy in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The WHO currently recommends the mass administrations of azithromycin for three indications: yaws, trachoma, and child mortality.
Methods
We conducted a desk-based review of secondary data to discuss the clinical, public health and economic evidence underpinning the decision to adopt, and the issues to consider when implementing a mass drug administration (MDA) programme involving azithromycin.
Results
Before deciding to adopt and implement a policy of MDA of antibiotics, the evidence base should be evaluated, including an economic assessment, and consideration of the distribution of benefits and risks amongst individuals and within communities and populations. Once the decision to adopt has been made, key considerations for successful implementation of a programme include ensuring it does not draw attention and resources away from other health services and finding opportunities for generating efficiencies through integration with existing health interventions. Understanding local attitudes and gaining trust are essential for stakeholder buy-in Furthermore, there must be appropriate attention to the potential harms which include worsening antimicrobial resistance, unintended consequences of public health interventions and reinforcement of a selective primary healthcare paradigm at the expense of a more bottom-up, comprehensive and socially driven pathway to health improvement.
Conclusion
Although MDA of antibiotics presents an opportunity to prevent mortality and improve health in the short-term, in the case of childhood mortality, MDA of azithromycin can only be a short-term quick fix. Ultimately, long-term, and sustainable child mortality reductions – especially in high mortality settings – will require more comprehensive approaches to health system strengthening and broader-based socio-economic development.
An organoid library of salivary gland tumors reveals subtype-specific characteristics and biomarkers
Authors: Wang Bo , Gan Jiaxing , Liu Zhengyan , Hui Zhixuan , Wei Jinhui , Gu Xiaolian , Mu Yabing , Zang Guangxiang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground Salivary gland tumors (SGTs) include a large group of rare neoplasms in the head and neck region, and the heterogeneous and overlapping features among the subtypes frequently make diagnostic difficulties. There is an urgent need to understand the cellular mechanisms underlying the heterogeneity and overlap among the subtypes, and explore the subtype-specific diagnostic biomarkers. Methods The tumor tissue and the adjacent normal tissue from the 6 most common types of SGTs were processed for organoid culture which only maintained tumor epithelial cells. Organoids were histologically evaluated based on phenotype markers, followed by transcriptional profiling using RNA-sequencing. The transcriptomic similarities and differences among the subtypes were analyzed by subtype consensus clustering and hierarchical clustering. Furthermore, by comparative transcriptional analysis for these 6 types of SGTs and the matched organoids, the potential diagnostic biomarkers from tumor epithelium were identified, in which two selected biomarkers were evaluated by RT-PCR and confirmed by immunohistochemistry staining using a tissue microarray. Results We generated a biobank of patient-derived organoids (PDOs) with 6 subtypes of SGTs, including 21 benign and 24 malignant SGTs. The PDOs recapitulated the morphological and transcriptional characteristics of the parental tumors. The overlap in the cell types and the heterogenous growth patterns were observed in the different subtypes of organoids. Comparing the bulk tissues, the cluster analysis of the PDOs remarkably revealed the epithelial characteristics, and visualized the intrinsic relationship among these subtypes. Finally, the exclusive biomarkers for the 6 most common types of SGTs were uncovered by comparative analysis, and PTP4A1 was demonstrated as a useful diagnostic biomarker for mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Conclusions We established the first organoid biobank with multiple subtypes of SGTs. PDOs of SGTs recapitulate the morphological and transcriptional characteristics of the original tumors, which uncovers subtype-specific biomarkers and reveals the molecular distance among the subtype of SGTs.
Toolpath planning method with constraint of cutting force fluctuation in slow tool servo turning for complex curved surface parts
Authors: Qin Fengze , Jia Zhenyuan , Li Jiawei , Ma Jianwei , Li Guanlin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Parts with the complex curved surface are commonly-used in high-end equipment. The machining quality of the complex curved surface parts is important for the property of high-end equipment. With position control of the main spindle i.e. C axis, the slow tool servo (STS) turning is a very promising technique to effectively machine complex curved surface parts. However, the turning machining quality is restricted by the cutting force fluctuation in finishing turning. Hence, the STS turning toolpath generation approach with the constraint of the cutting force fluctuation is proposed in this study. As the cutting force is proportionate to the cutting area, the cutting area for turning complex curved surfaces is analyzed and calculated. Then the functional relation between the cutting force fluctuation and the feed rate is derived. Based on the geometrical characteristic of the first revolution of toolpath, the feed rate is optimized with small cutting force fluctuation to derive the cutter contact points (CCPs) of toolpath in the cylindrical coordinate system. Then the cutter location points (CLPs) of STS turning toolpath are calculated with tool nose radius compensation. From the validation experiment results, it can be seen that the cutting force fluctuation, the profile tolerance and the surface roughness of parts are effectively reduced, and the surface roughness of the part machined with the proposed toolpath planning method is 17.625 nm. Thus, this study provides guidance for toolpath generation with constraint of the fluctuation of the cutting force in STS turning for a complex curved surface.
A Novel Flexible Carbon Fiber with Carbon Nanotubes Growing In-site to Impregnate Paraffin for Thermal Energy Application
Authors: Cheng Fei , Xu Yang , Zhang Jinheng , Wang Lin , Zhang HuanHuan , Wan Qi , Xu Shuai , Li Wanpeng , Wang Lei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Aiming at solid waste resources reuse and energy saving issue, a novel flexible paraffin/carbon fiber@carbon nanotubes (Paraffin/CF@CNTs) composite PCM was prepared in this study. In the flexible composite PCM, CNTs grow surrounding with recycled CF trunk via chemical vapor deposition to construct the fiber net-structure utilized as the supporting material, and paraffin as thermal energy storage material was absorbed into spongy CF@CNTs by vacuum impregnation methods. TG results show the paraffin/CF@CNTs composite decomposes over 215.6℃ with totally 51.9% mass loss. DSC results indicate Paraffin/CF@CNTs composite melts at 40.01 ℃ with latent heat of 81.94 Jg-1after solid-solid phase transition with 15.28 Jg-1, while the thermal conductivity of Paraffin/CF@CNTs composite (1.551 Wm-1K-1) is enhanced by 573% than that of pure paraffin. Moreover, thermal cycling measurements show the Paraffin/CF@CNTs composite PCM has adequate structure, chemical component and thermal stability even after being subjected to 300 melting/freezing cycles. In result, the novel flexible composite PCM looks promising for applications in electronic device temperature control, near-infrared stealth, smart wear and textile industry.
Geomorphological transformations and future deformation estimations of a large potential landslide in the high-order position area of Diexi, China
Authors: Liu Yue , Xu Peihua , Cao Chen , Zhang Wen , Zhao Mingyu , Zhu Kuanxing 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Landslides in high-order position areas pose a serious threat to residents located below the area. Therefore, research on the evolution process and underlying dynamic mechanisms is crucial. The majority of relevant studies are based on landslides that have already occurred, however, the investigation of potential landslides is of higher value. In this study, a progressive potential landslide identification method is proposed with the application of SBAS-InSAR (Small Baseline Subset InSAR) and subsequently combined with Google Earth, GF-1 (Gaofen-1), GF-2 (Gaofen-2), ZY-3 (Ziyuan-3)and UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) imagery, and DEM (Digital elevation model) for further validation. The proposed method is employed to determine the potential landslide in Tuanjiecun by integrating the multi-period data to simultaneously analyze the evolution and mechanism of the potential landslide. The LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) method is then adopted to predicted the evolution trend based on accumulative deformation from SBAS-InSAR. The results suggest that the Tuanjiecun potential landslide will be relatively stable in the next five years although the largest deformation increased to -238.57mm. The analyses presented here aims to identify the current stage and future development of this potential landslide in terms of the underlying mechanism and transformation, so as to provide effective guidance for disaster prevention and mitigation across the globe.
Global toolpath smoothing for CNC machining based on B-spline approximation with tool tip position adjustment
Authors: Hua Li , Huang Nuodi , Yi Bowen , Zhao Yanzheng , Zhu Limin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractB-spline curve approximation is widely used for fitting linear toolpaths to improve machining quality and efficiency in CNC machining. For a high-quality smoothing method, the control of both approximation error and curve curvature needs to be considered. To reduce the maximum curve curvature while meeting the precision requirements, a B-spline approximation scheme with tool tip position adjustment is proposed in this paper. Toolpaths are first divided into several subdivisions according to the discrete curvature of each tool tip point. For subdivisions that need adjustment, tool tip positions are adjusted to minimize the maximum discrete curvature. An existed approximation method named Energy-term-incorporated Progressive and Iterative Approximation for Least Square fitting (ELSPIA) is selected and improved to fit the adjusted toolpaths and lower the chord errors. For improving the numerical stability of ELSPIA method, the way of searching appropriate foot point parameters is discussed in this paper. Deviation expansion factors of tool tip points are also defined to make the ELSPIA method suitable for fitting the adjusted toolpaths. Both simulations and experimental studies are conducted to prove that the proposed method can significantly decrease the maximum curvature of fitted B-spline curves and improve the machining efficiency without exceeding the tolerance. For example, experimental results show that for the tested butterfly and rabbit toolpaths, the proposed method can improve the machining efficiency by 2.61% and 2.37%, compared with the ELSPIA method without tool tip position adjustment.
Spontaneous and Information-induced Bursting Activities in Honeybee Hives
Authors: Doi Itsuki , Deng Weibing , Ikegami Takashi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this study, we used a cohort population of approximately 1000 adult worker honeybees and a single queen bee in a single layer of an artificial hive to analyze how honeybee hives self-organize (i.e., how social role differentiation progresses). The temporal self-organization of the beehive was analyzed based on data obtained by tracking all the bees for a week using a “bcode” attached to their backs. We found that global synchronization of individual activities was produced, which was linked to foraging behavior and dancing. Moreover, individuals labeled as initiators of the synchronous activity have their roles determined on a weekly scale. This study demonstrates that individual bees behave in a binary manner, either quiet or excited, and their populations engage in spontaneous or informed collective bursts of activity. These collective bursts might evolve a social structure in the beehive through the opening and closing of the hive entrance.
Theoretical modeling and verification of storage time of cold box based on network method of radiation heat transfer
Authors: Fu Zhiqiang , Liu Haozhe , Duan Liying , Huang Liqiang , Wang Yan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The storage time of cold box is an important subject. At present, the research method of the storage time is mainly experiment, and the theoretical research is incomplete. Therefore, in this work, a theoretical modeling combined with a network method of radiation heat transfer, shape factor of heat conduction, and sensible heat of refrigerant was proposed to calculate the storage time of a cold box at various ambient temperatures and amounts of refrigerant. The experimental and simulation results were used to verify the theoretical modeling of the storage time. The influences of sensible heat of refrigerant and radiation heat transfer in the cold box were analyzed. The stability of the theoretical modeling was studied via simulation of the different cold box and refrigerant materials. The results of the accuracy of theoretical model confirmed that the maximum error between the theoretical and the experimental storage times is 8.45%, and error between the theoretical and the simulation results is 7.51%, indicating that the sensible heat of refrigerant and radiation heat transfer have big impacts on the storage time. The stability of theoretical model is confirmed under different box and refrigerant materials. The storage time model has stability on different box materials and refrigerant materials. The theoretical model can be severed as a fundamentally guidance for the cold box production design.
Microclimate Related Ecosystem Services Provided by Street Trees in the Urban Areas: A Case Study of Kayseri
Authors: Tırnakçı Aslıhan , Yücekaya Murat 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

With rapidly increasing urbanization, natural ecosystems are disappearing and the environmental quality of cities is deteriorating. Trees, known as function of ecosystem, are an important component of urban green infrastructure systems. Trees have an important function in reducing the environmental problems caused by urbanization in urban areas. Considered as an element of urban design, trees have come to the fore in recent years with a series of tangible and intangible benefits to the citizens and the urban ecosystem. Climatic research also has an important place among regulatory ecosystem services. In the light of this information, the microclimatic contribution of avenue trees needed to be determined within the framework of regulatory ecosystem services. Climatic simulations were carried out with ENVI-met software on six different main arterial roads that constitute the main transportation network of Kayseri, and the climate regulatory effect of avenue trees was revealed at street scale. As a result of the study, it was observed that the average temperature was 30°C, the average radiation temperature was 15°C, the wind speed was 0.5m/s, and the humidity increased by 10% on average on the roads with high vegetation.
Healthcare seeking experience during medulloblastoma treatment: Parent’s conflict and expectation
Authors: Lu Pengwei , - Raynald , Tian Yongji , Zhao rui , Zhu Ruifang , Fan Yanzhu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground:Survivors and their families may face significant challenges as a result of the short- and long-term sequelae of pediatric brain tumours and treatment. There is a lack of clarity regarding whether existing approaches adequately address the needs of parent caregivers. Using a semistructured interview guide, we aimed to identify ways to further support the treatment of medulloblastoma.Methods:A qualitative exploratory study was conducted at an academic pediatric hospital in China. A total of 15 parents of children with medulloblastoma aged 3-14 years participated in this study. A semi-structured interview guide was used to interview eligible participants, which lasted approximately 30 to 40 minutes. We transcribed the interviews verbatim and used thematic analysis to identify factors related to the conflict and expectations of the parents.Results:Parents have outlined a number of difficulties they have encountered while seeking treatment, including delayed diagnoses, advanced disease at the time of presentation, a lack of effective multidisciplinary care, and an economic burden. Consequently, the families have a number of expectations regarding health services, social services, and economic support in order to reduce these burdens. It is expected that they will be able to communicate more effectively with their healthcare providers, which is very important to staying engaged in their treatment.Conclusion:Parents often encounter various difficulties during treatment courses, resulting in heavy economic and social burdens. The establishment of a diverse support network is recommended to ensure that the needs of patients are met in terms of medical care, family, social organizations, etc.
The correlation between glucose-lipid metabolism and blood-lipid ratio in first trimester and large-for-gestational-age infants
Authors: Wang Zixuan , Guo Yanwei , Peng Yaru 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
To investigate the correlation between maternal glucose and lipid metabolism indexes and blood-lipid ratio in the first trimester and large-for- gestational-age (LGA) infants.
Methods
Women in the first trimester of pregnancy who underwent regular obstetric examination in the obstetric outpatient department of the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College from June 2018 to March 2019 and were scheduled to give birth in our hospital were included as the research subjects according to the standard. The basic information was collected through questionnaires at the first visit of pregnant women, including early fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride (TG), total Cholesterol (TC), apolipoprotein A1 (APO-A1), apolipoprotein B (APO-B), lipoprotein a (LP(a)), LDL/HDL, TG/HDL, TC/HDL, APO-B/APO-A1 ratio, birth weight of newborns, gestational age at delivery and other information.
Results
A total of 418 cases were finally included for analysis. The incidence rate of LGA infants was 13.88%, and the incidence of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants was 4.78%. In univariate analysis, the age, pre-pregnancy BMI, weight gain during pregnancy, APO-B/APO-A1 between LGA group and appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) group were significantly different (P < 0.05); multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis indicated that the correlation between maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, weight gain during pregnancy, APO-B/APO-A1 level and LGA was statistically significant (P < 0.05); compared with the reference range of APO-B/APO-A1 of 0.46–0.65, values < 0.46 and > 0.65 were protective factor of LGA (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, weight gain during pregnancy, and APO-B/APO-A1 levels in first trimester are significant factors influencing LGA infants.