bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hot Corrosion Behavior of Selected Thermally Sprayed Alloy Based Coatings
Authors: Česánek Zdeněk , Schubert Jan , Houdková Šárka , Lukáč František 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Corrosion resistance of coatings deposited by thermal spraying technology HVOF (High Velocity Oxygen Fuel) requires high density in coating and good adhesion to substrate material. The majority of thermally sprayed materials meet the requirements of high corrosion resistance in terms of their composition. However, porous structure raises doubts about the performance of thermally sprayed coatings regarding sufficient protection to the base material. In fact, corrosion protection is a basic coating function. However, , no sufficient attention has been dedicated to the issue of component protection against corrosion attack using HVOF sprayed coatings. In this study, NiCoCrAlY, NiCoCrAlTaReY, NiCoCrAlYHfSi, and CoCrAlYTaCSi coatings were deposited on the substrate material 1.4923. The coatings were deposited using HP/HVOF (High Pressure / High Velocity Oxygen Fuel) thermal spraying technology. The coatings were exposed to the corrosive-aggressive environment in the form of molten salts mixture with composition of 60 % V2O5 and 40 % Na2SO4 at the selected temperature of 750 °C. Further, all coatings were exposed to cyclic conditions. Weight changes of individual specimens were measured after every cycle and results were recorded in diagrams. After the corrosion test, all evaluated coatings were analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM), analysis of elemental composition (EDS) and X-Ray diffraction. The NiCoCrAlY and NiCoCrAlTaReY coatings showed the best corrosion protection in selected corrosive aggressive environment, forming the protective oxide layer that prevented further corrosion attack. On the contrary, NiCoCrAlYHfSi and CoCrAlYTaCSi coatings were found not to be suitable for corrosion protection of components working in selected corrosive environment.
The Structure and Oxidation Resistance Behavior of Ni-CrAlY Coatings Prepared by Plating Process
Authors: Huang Lingfeng , Liu Jianming , Cheng Xuying , Zhang Deming , Yu Yueguang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
MCrAlY(M=Ni, Co, or Ni-Co)coatings with good high temperature oxidation resistance have attracted great interest. They are widely used in gas turbines as protecting layers, such as thermal barrier coatings and seal coatings. Among many methods developed for preparing MCrAlY coatings, electroplating has drawn great attention due to its perfect bond strength, precise controllability, good coating ability for complex shape and so on. In this paper, the MCrAlY coatings have been prepared by a composite plating way. During this process, the CrAlY particles are wrapped with Ni clad layer. The thickness of the composite coatings is controlled at 150- 200 μm. The plating tests results indicate that the density of the clad layers mainly depend on the electroplating time. After that, these coatings are heat treated under the vacuum condition to make elements diffuse, forming homogeneous M(Ni)CrAlY component. The high-temperature oxidation resistance tests of the prepared coatings show good antioxidant ability at 1000 °C under air condition.
Manufacture of Reflective Aluminium Surfaces Using Cold Spray
Authors: Jenkins Richard , Yin Shuo , Aldwell Barry , Lupoi Rocco 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This research demonstrates the use of cold spray (CS) as an additive manufacturing process to manufacture reflective aluminium coatings. Nitrogen was used as a carrier gas at various gas heating temperatures. Following deposition, the coatings were finished using a number of machining and/or polishing processes to surface roughness values of 20-150 nm. The samples were characterised with respect to total reflectivity within the wavelength range of 400-1800 nm, porosity, surface roughness, and density. The reflectivity of the coatings approached that of bulk material, and 99% dense coatings were obtained. Increasing the gas heating temperature did not decrease the porosity with the lowest gas heating temperature found to deliver the best reflectivity. This work demonstrates that CS can be used to coat thin layers of aluminium onto various materials, which can be subsequently polished to create composite reflectors. This provides a novel reflector with the reflectivity of aluminium, and the structural and thermal properties of the substrate material, allowing for greater flexibility in the manufacture of reflectors.
Spinel Copper Ferrite and Zinc Ferrite Films Synthesized via Solution Precursor Plasma Spray Process for Functional Applications
Authors: Yu Zexin , Liu Meimei , Moliere Michel , Liao Hanlin , Moussa Hatem , Schneider Raphaël , Wang Weize 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Binary spinel-type metal oxides (AB2O4) semiconductors, including ferrites (AFe2O4), are attractive photocatalysts thanks to their excellent visible light response and good photochemical activity and stability for the photodegradation of organic pollutants. Currently, their synthesis proceeds via conventional chemical routes that follow rather tedious protocols and the final preparations consist in nano-powders, a form that is not exempt of EHS (Environment, health and safety) risks along their handling. From an industry perspective, it is desirable to dispose of an efficient and preferably simple synthesis route capable to produce photocatalytic preparations in a non-dispersible form, for instance in the form of robust films attached on solid substrates. We report herein a single-step method based on the Solution Precursor Plasma Spray (SPPS) process that enables the preparation of promisingly active ferrite-based photocatalytic films, namely CuFe2O4 and ZnFe2O4. We have investigated various types of precursor solutions, including the atomic A/Fe ratios, solvent type and solute concentration, and studied the evolution of the phase composition of the resultant CuFe2O4 and ZnFe2O4 films by XRD. The corresponding surface morphologies and energy bandgaps were also studied by SEM and UV-Vis spectroscopy, respectively. Then the photocatalytic activities of the selective ferrite films were evaluated through the degradation of aqueous solutions of the Orange II dye under different light irradiations. The results of the overall work also revealed that SPPS process represents a fast, one-step, versatile alternative compared to conventional multi-step processes, which is suitable for preparing complex composition metal oxide film-formed photocatalyst.
Manufacture of Low-Temperature SOFC by APS Coating Technology
Authors: Yuan Kang , Yu Yueguang , Ji Xiaojuan , Zhu Bin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Ni-Co-Al-Li oxide (NCAL) is an important catalyst material for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (LTSOFCs). In this paper, air-plasma spray (APS) coating technology was applied to make NCAL layers on porous steel supports for the LTSOFC. The results showed that NCAL was well deposited on the skeletons of the support. Due to the plasma heating, the original LiMO2 phase transferred to Li-deficient Li0.4M1.6O2 phase simultaneously forming Li-rich oxide. New fuel cell structures were designed. The stability of the fuel cells was evaluated by performing galvanostatic test at 500 °C. The influence of the cell structures and quality on the electronic property of the cells was discussed.
Study on the Fabrication and Performance of Very Low Pressure Plasma Sprayed Large-Area Porous Metal Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
Authors: Gao Jiu-Tao , Li Cheng-Xin , Wang Yue-Peng , Zhang Shan-Lin , Yang Guan-Jun , Li Chang-Jiu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
High manufacturing costs and long-term degradation are the main problems that have become a “bottleneck” and impeded SOFC’s further development. It is well known that a high operating temperature is the major cause that leads to these problems. As such, reducing the operating temperature becomes a hotspot of research. It has been reported that a uniform and dense coating can be prepared by using very low pressure plasma spraying (VLPPS) technology. The current study focuses on VLPPS for application in large-area (~100 × 100 mm) porous metal supported solid oxide fuel cell (MSSOFC), especially for the preparation of the electrolyte. It was found that the densification of the electrolyte was very good, as confirmed by the open-circuit voltage (OCV) of the cell. In the temperature range of 550~750°C, the OCV of the cell stabilized between 1.05 V and 1.1 V. The power density of the cell was also measured.
Evaluation of Two Repair Methods for Duplex-Coatings
Authors: Bobzin Kirsten , Öte Mehmet , Knoch Martin Andreas , Prenger Frank , Jantze Raphael 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The economic use of offshore wind turbines requires a reliable and long-lasting corrosion protection. Sophisticated multilayer coating systems consisting of a thermal spray coating – mainly ZnAl15, a sealer and several layers of organic coating – have been proven to provide such protection. Damages to these duplex-coatings can, however, not be prevented necessitating on-site repair. In case of severe damages, the remaining coating close to the damage is often removed and subsequently, the duplex coating is rebuilt from scratch. In the present study, two integrated coating removal and substrate pre-treatment methods are investigated. For this purpose, duplex-systems were produced, artificially damaged by milling and afterwards treated by either grit blasting or with a rotating steel-wire brush, i.e. a Monti Bristle Blaster. Afterwards, the duplex coating was re-applied in the considered area. To evaluate the influence of the pre-treatment method on the coatings’ corrosion protection potential, a 38 week-long salt spray test was used. The test revealed a pronounced influence of the pre-treatment method on the corrosion protection potential. In case of grit blasting, no substrate corrosion could be detected. The use of a Bristle Blaster, however, resulted in coating failure and some spots of red rust.
Flame Sprayed Environmentally Friendly High Density Polyethylene (PE) and Capsaicin Composite Coatings for Marine Antifouling Applications
Authors: Liu Yi , Shao Xiaoqi , Huang Jing , Li Hua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Marine biofouling has emerged as worldwide serious problems for artificial marine infrastructures. Among the measures taken so far to solve such problems, construction of an antifouling layer has been proven to be effective in offering long-term antifouling performances. Antifouling based on the use of biocides is the most important method in modern maritime industries. While tributyltin (TBT)-based self-polishing coatings are being replaced by other biocide-releasing coatings, the environmental toxicity of these compounds is also under scrutiny. Therefore, there is a significant interest in developing non-toxic technologies. Green biocides can also be extracted from many types of organisms including terrestrial plants, sea creatures and bacteria. In this study, flame sprayed polyethylene (PE)-capsaicin composite coatings were developed for marine antifouling applications. Capsaicin powder were fixed by polymer-based substrate and distributed evenly. Antifouling test indicated excellent antibacterial properties of PE-capsaicin composite coatings against adhesion of marine Bacillus sp. bacteria. Prohibited formation of biofilm on the surfaces of the thermal sprayed composite coatings gives clear insight into their potential applications as antifouling layers in the marine environment.
Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Ceramic Coatings via a Novel Solution Precursor Vacuum Plasma Spray Process
Authors: Xu Pengyun , Coyle Thomas W. , Mostaghimi Javad , Pershin Larry 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The plasma jet in the vacuum plasma spray process presents characteristics such as supersonic flow, expanded jet dimensions, and a smaller decay rate for jet velocity and temperature that are distinctly different than in atmospheric plasma spray. In this work, a solution precursor vacuum plasma spray (SPVPS) process is described, which combines vacuum plasma spray with solution precursor as the feedstock. The deposition of superhydrophobic ceramic coatings via the SPVPS process is explored. Yb2O3 coatings are deposited by a radial injection of Yb(NO3)3 solution in the anode of an F4-VB torch operating under a pressure of 150-250 mbar. Solution precursor atmospheric plasma spray (SPAPS) is also applied to deposit superhydrophobic Yb2O3 coatings for comparison with the SPVPS process. The wetting behaviors of the coatings are characterized by water contact angle measurement, water rolloff test, and dynamic water impact test. The experimental setup, plasma jet characteristics, interactions of solution droplets and plasma, microstructure and wetting behaviors of coatings in the two distinct processes are compared and discussed.
Influence of Spraying Parameters on the Diamond Decomposition of HVOF-sprayed Nickel-Diamond Coatings
Authors: Tillmann W. , Brinkhoff A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Diamond is the hardest known material and hence is suitable for a large, diverse field of applications for industrial processing tools. Different types of diamonds are used for these tools. For example, large diamonds are frequently used to industrially process minerals, while fine diamonds are used to process glass or carbon fibre reinforced plastic, as well as for grinding and lapping processes. A major challenge when processing diamonds is the process temperature as diamonds show decomposition effects at higher temperatures. Thermally spraying processes, which have the advantage of having only a small thermal influence on diamonds due to the short dwelling time of the particles in the flame, are going to be investigated as an alternative processing method for diamond-reinforced coatings. Additionally, these processes are flexible regarding the application process of contour accurate coatings. This paper gives an insight into the relationship between spray process parameters and the diamond decomposition concerning the particle temperature during the spraying process. For this purpose, the process parameters are varied and the resulting coatings are characterized, analyzing their influence on the diamonds in the coating. One focus of this paper is the scanning electron microscopical investigation of a thermally induced carbonating of the diamonds.
Effect of substituting oats and soybeans on the physicochemical composition of burgers and obtaining functional foods
Authors: Hadi Sara Thamer , Jameel Firas Riyadh , Hamid Mohammed Majid 
Published: October 2022

Background: Plant foods, as functional foods, provide not only the essential nutrients needed to sustain life but also low-energy foods for health promotion and disease prevention, the burger, made of several types of meat, contains soy and oats in varying proportions to enhance its chemical and physical properties, as well as to test the efficacy of soy and oat flour as fat alternatives.Objective: The goal of this study was to conduct chemical and physical analyses to Calculation of proportions to determine whether use this type of hamburger Fast food energy reduction might be used for the manufacturing of low- fat beef burgers, the treatment of obesity and autism,Materials and Methods: For both oats and soybeans, there were three burger treatments made of beef, chicken, and lamb, with a ratio of 5, 10, and 15% of each utilized to construct the model items. The meat fillers and fine fat were blended in a grinder. The Burger sample weight was 75 g and kept chilled on 40C for 24 hours.Results: The burger fillers which contain 10% oats and 10% soy and 5%, 15% ratios, respectively, made improvement in the chemical qualities notably with beef and lamb, respectively, while improving physical properties especially with beef and lamb.Conclusion: Low fat and high fiber kofta meat can be made using oat flour with an 8.0% oat flour and 0.5% carrageenan, with little negative impact on its physicochemical and sensory properties.Keywords: Meat, chemical, physical, Burgers, Oats, Soybean, functional foods.
Aktivitas Antioksidan pada Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica L.) yang Diolah Dengan Mesin Espresso dan Manual Brew Pour Over V60
Authors: Asrina Rina , Zulfiah Zulfiah , Kamal Sainal Edi , Roosevelt Alfreds , Patandung Gerfan , Murniati Murniati , Amiruddin Achmad , Djajanti Agust Dwi , Rusli Rusli 
Published: October 2022

Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) is a type of coffee that is very popular with the public, usually consumed in the form of a drink by brewing coffee grounds where the content of saponins, phenols, chlorogenic acid, mangiferin and flavonoids shows the presence of antioxidant activity that is needed to fight free radicals. Coffee connoisseurs can choose coffee processing methods to obtain high antioxidants. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of Arabica coffee processed with an espresso machine and manual brew pour over V60. The design of this study was a laboratory observation study using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method. Antioxidant activity was determined by comparing the IC50 values. The results showed that the highest % inhibition of each filtrate based on espresso machine processing and manual brew pour over v60 was 73.750% and 77.632%, respectively. The IC50 values for espresso and manual brew filtrates were 324,289 ppm and 447.352 ppm, respectively. As for ascorbic acid as a comparison, the inhibition percentage was 79.585% with an IC50 value of 6.185 ppm. With this it can be concluded that the highest antioxidant activity is found in coffee filtrate processed with an espresso machine, but both coffee bean filtrates have very weak antioxidant activity because they are in the range > 200 ppm.Keywords: Antioxidant, arabica coffeeKopi arabika (Coffea arabica L.) merupakan jenis kopi yang sangat digemari masyarakat, biasanya dikonsumsi dalam bentuk minuman dengan menyeduh bubuk kopidimana kandungan senyawa saponin, fenol, asam klorogenat, mangiferin dan flavonoid menunjukan adanya aktivitas antioksidan yang sangat diperlukan untuk melawan radikal bebas. Penikmat kopi bisa memilih metode pengolahan kopi untuk memperoleh antioksidan yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan kopi arabika yang diolah dengan mesin espresso dan manual brew pour over V60. Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasi laboratorium menggunakan metode DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). Aktivitas antioksidan ditentukan dengan membandingkan nilai IC50nya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan %inhibisi tertinggi masing-masing filtrat berdasarkan pengolahan mesin espresso dan manual brew pour over v60 yaitu sebesar 73,750% dan 77,632%. Nilai IC50 filtrat espresso dan manual brew adalah 324,289 ppm dan 447,352 ppm. Sedangkan untuk asam askorbat sebagai pembanding %inhibisinya yaitu 79,585% dengan nilai IC50 6,185 ppm. Dengan ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi terdapat pada filtrat kopi yang diolah dengan mesin espresso, namun kedua filtrat biji kopi tersebut memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang tergolong sangat lemah karena berada pada range >200 ppm.Kata kunci : Antioksidan, kopi arabika
Kantian Constructivism and Practical Reasoning in Clinical Bioethics
Authors: Morelli Jacopo 
Published: October 2022

Philosophers are often accused of constructing theoretical systems that are disconnected from real problems, detached from concrete issues, and sheltered in their _Turris eburnea. _This is a criticism that needs to be explicitly addressed, especially by moral philosophers. In this paper I set out to show how the metaethical and normative debate can reconnect with applied ethics: I will argue that moral constructivism can relate to empirical evidence in some areas, such as the biomedical field, to adapt their normative claims accordingly.

Firstly, after briefly introducing and defining the field of practical reasoning, I will show what moral constructivism is and what it can do in practice to face moral dilemmas. Secondly, I will argue that in the biomedical field it is possible to have behaviors, both on the part of patients and health professionals, that can be addressed as practically irrational, and I will also show which tools we can use to counter this irrationality[1]. However, the objective of this paper does not stop here and wants to propose not only blocking strategies for irrational demands, but also proactive proposals for cures, implementing the proposal of Kantian constructivism with Viafora's proposal centered on respecting the dignity of the patient as a person.

Finally, I will argue that the set of principles we can draw from the various cases, while serving the important function of guiding us in future situations, do not constitute a complete theory of practical reasoning or ethical theory. What philosophy can do in the field of bioethics is not to provide a definitive list of rules, since the variety and diversity of the contingent cases will always be too wide to fit into overly defined schemes. Philosophy can, however, provide a common language for approaching morally relevant problems and for enabling agents to grasp the moral significance of concrete situations with the right tools.
Photoacoustic simulations of microvascular bleeding: spectral analysis and its application for monitoring vascular-targeted treatments
Authors: Fadhel Muhannad N. , Hysi Eno , Zalev Jason , Kolios Michael 
Published: October 2022

<p>Solid tumors are typically supplied nutrients by a network of irregular blood vessels. By targeting these vascular networks, it might be possible to hinder cancer growth and metastasis. Vascular disrupting agents induce intertumoral hemorrhaging, making photoacoustic (PA) imaging well positioned to detect bleeding due to its sensitivity to hemoglobin and its various states. We introduce a fractal-based numerical model of intertumoral hemorrhaging to simulate the PA signals from disrupted tumor blood vessels. The fractal model uses bifurcated cylinders to represent vascular trees. To mimic bleeding from blood vessels, hemoglobin diffusion from microvessels was simulated. In the simulations, the PA signals were detected by a linear array transducer (30 MHz center frequency) of four different vascular trees. The power spectrum of each beamformed PA signal was computed and fitted to a straight line within the −6-dB bandwidth of the receiving transducer. The spectral slope and midband fit (MBF) based on the fit decreased by 0.11  dB  /  MHz and 2.12 dB, respectively, 1 h post bleeding, while the <em>y</em>-intercept increased by 1.21 dB. The results suggest that spectral PA analysis can be used to measure changes in the concentration and spatial distribution of hemoglobin in tissue without the need to resolve individual vessels. The simulations support the feasibility of using PA imaging and spectral analysis in cancer treatment monitoring by detecting microvessel disruption.</p>