bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of a low-calorie meal replacement diet and a usual low-calorie diet on resting metabolic rate and body composition in overweight and obese women
Authors: Keshavarz Mozhdeh , Rezvani Reza , Jarahi Lida , Esfahani Ali Jafarzadeh , Novaei-Alipour Narges , Nematy Mohsen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Using meal replacement plans is one of the weight loss methods. A study on the effectiveness and efficiency of these methods seems necessary. In this study, we intend to determine and compare the effectiveness of Meal Replacement Therapy (MRT) and the Usual Low-Calorie diet (ULC) on Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR) and body composition in overweight and obese women.
Methods: This quasi-experimental clinical trial consisted of two groups of women aged 18 to 50 years with a BMI of 25 to 40. Participants were allowed to choose between MRT and ULC diets based on their preferences. Both groups received equal daily calories (1000-1200 kcal in the first four weeks and 1200-1400 kcal in the second four weeks), which BMI determined. Primary outcomes were BMI, weight, body composition, and RMR. Secondary outcomes were Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), insulin, lipid profile, and Physical symptoms.
Results: There were 35 participants in each group. There were no significant differences in the baseline anthropometric and metabolic measurements between the two groups (p>0.05). The only significant difference between the two groups was weight and BMI, lower in the MRT group (28.48kg/m2 vs. 30.75kg/m2). RMR did not change in the MRT group but decreased significantly in the ULC group. Metabolic profile improved in both groups, but no significant difference was observed between the two groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that meal replacement therapy is a more effective strategy for losing weight.Nevertheless, it is necessary to do further studies on meal replacements.
Trial registration
The study was approved on January 19, 2020, in the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (ethics code: IR.MUMS.MEDICAL.REC.1398.744) as well as in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT code: IRCT20200611047731N1. Registration date: 17-07-2020)
Unique hexagonal-Ge nanostructures with direct-bandgap emissions in Si-based light-emitting metasurface
Authors: Zhang Ningning , Yan Jia , Wang Liming , Zhang Jiarui , Zhang Zhifang , Miao Tian , Zheng Changlin , Jiang Zuimin , Hu Huiyong , Zhong Zhenyang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Si-based emitters have been of great interest due to their potential as the ideal light source for monolithic optical-electronic integrated circuits (MOEICs) on Si substrates. However, the general Si-based material is a diamond structure of cubic lattice with an indirect-bandgap, which cannot emit light efficiently. Here, unique hexagonal-Ge (H-Ge) nanostructures within light-emitting metasurface consisted of cubic-SiGe nanodisk array are reported. The H-Ge nanostructure is naturally formed within the cubic-Ge epitaxially grown on Si (001) substrates due to the strain-induced crystal phase transition assisted with far-from equilibrium growth conditions. The direct-bandgap features of H-Ge nanostructures are observed and discussed, including a rather strong and linearly power-dependent PL peak around 1560 nm at room temperature, temperature-insensitive PL spectrum above 160 K. Given the direct-bandgap nature and the compatibly with the sophisticated Si technology, the H-Ge nanostructure within a light-emitting metasurface has great potentials for innovative light sources, particularly in Si-based MOEICs.
Effects of intravitreal injection of ranibizumab and aflibercept for branch retinal vein occlusion on the choroid: a retrospective study
Authors: Kishishita Shuta , Sakanishi Yoshihito , Morita Shu , Matsuzawa Moe , Usui-Ouchi Ayumi , Ebihara Nobuyuki 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Macular edema is found in more than half of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) cases leading to visual loss in most of these cases. Intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor is currently the standard treatment for macular edema due to BRVO (BRVO-ME). The difference in the effects of aflibercept and ranibizumab on the choroid in BRVO-ME is unknown. Therefore, we analyzed the effects of intravitreal injection of ranibizumab and aflibercept on BRVO-ME.
Methods: We retrospectively observed changes in choroidal thickness in the subfoveal region in 36 patients with BRVO-ME who visited the Department of Ophthalmology at the Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital. The patients were treated with intravitreal injection of aflibercept or ranibizumab and followed up for 12 months or more.
Results: The observed point bifurcated into the affected side and the non-affected side 500 μm from the fovea. The central macular thickness (CMT) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) were 564.2 ± 268.5 μm and 228.8 ± 50.1 μm, respectively, in the ranibizumab group (16 patients, 16 eyes) and 542.4 ± 172.5 μm and 246.1 ± 59.1 μm, respectively, in the aflibercept group (20 patients, 20 eyes). The changes in CMT at 12 months were 324.0 ± 262.6 μm and 326.55 ± 187.2 μm in the ranibizumab and aflibercept groups, respectively, with no significant difference (p = 0.97). Similarly, the changes in SFCT over 12 months were not significant between the groups (ranibizumab, 41.9 ± 33.0 μm; aflibercept, 43.8 ± 43.8 μm, p = 0.89).
Conclusion: The effects of ranibizumab and aflibercept 34 on choroidal thickness in BRVO-ME were the same regardless of the site. Although BRVO is a retinal disease, we hope that in the future we can further explore the mechanism of BRVO-ME by observing changes in the choroid.
XPAT® proteins, conditionally activated T-cell engagers engineered to mitigate on-target, off-tumor toxicity for immunotherapy of solid tumors
Authors: Cattaruzza Fiore , Nazeer Ayesha , To Milton , Hammond Mikhail , Koski Caitlin , Liu Lucas , Yeung V. Pete , Rennerfeldt Deena , Henkensiefken Angela , Fox Michael , Lam Sharon , Morrissey Kari , Lange Zachary , Podust Vladimir , Derynck Mika , Irving Bryan , Schellenberger Volker 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
To enhance the therapeutic index of T-cell engagers (TCE), we engineered masked, conditionally active TCEs (XPAT proteins), targeting a tumor antigen (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2] or epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [EGFR]) and CD3. Unstructured XTEN® polypeptide masks flank the N- and C-termini of the TCE and are designed to be released by proteases in the tumor microenvironment. In vitro, unmasked HER2-XPAT (uTCE) demonstrates potent cytotoxicity, with XTEN polypeptide masking providing up to 4-log-fold protection. In vivo, HER2-XPAT induces protease-dependent anti-tumor activity and is proteolytically stable in healthy tissues. In non-human primates (NHPs), HER2-XPAT demonstrates a strong safety margin (> 400-fold increase in tolerated maximum concentration versus uTCE). HER2-XPAT cleavage is low and similar in plasma samples from healthy and diseased humans and NHPs, supporting translatability of stability to human patients. The EGFR-XPAT confirmed the utility of XPAT technology for tumor targets more widely expressed in healthy tissues.
Higher risk of cancer and neurodegenerative disease in elderly Koreans with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Kim Hee-Cheol , Lee Ho-Jun , Kim Yang-Tae , Jang Byeong-Churl 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Aims
Aging is associated with an increased occurrence of age-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), cancer, and various neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Disturbance of cellular protein homeostasis might be involved in the etiology of these age-related diseases. Therefore, these three diseases may be related to each other. The aim of this study was to estimate the risk of cancer and NDs in elderly Koreans with the first diagnosed T2D using the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database (DB) for the entire Korean population.
Methods
A population-based 10-year follow-up study was conducted using the Korean NHIS DB between 2006 and 2015. The study population included the T2D group (n = 155,459) and the matched-control group (n = 155,459), aged 60 to 84 years. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to evaluate the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the risk of cancer and ND.
Results
The number of cancer patients at the end of follow-up in both groups was as follows: 39,802/155,459 (25.6%) in the control group and 41,194/155,459 (26.5%) in the T2D group (χ2 = 32.35, p < 0.001). The number of ND patients at the end of follow-up in both groups was as follows: 44,673/155,459 (28.7%) in the control group and 51,096/155,459 (32.9%) in the T2D group (χ2 = 622.53, p < 0.001). The adjusted HR for cancer in the T2D group compared with the control group was 1.10 (95% CI, 1.08 ~ 1.11; P < 0.001). The adjusted HR for ND in the T2D group compared with the control group was 1.23 (95% CI, 1.22 ~ 1.25; P < 0.001).
Conclusions
This study showed s higher risk of cancer and ND in elderly Koreans with T2D. These results suggest that T2D is a risk factor for cancer and ND in elderly Koreans.
Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Probio-M9-driven mouse mammary tumor-inhibitory effect is accompanied by modulation of host gut microbiota, immunity, and serum metabolome
Authors: Zhang Weiqin , Zhang Yong , Li Yalin , Ma Da , Zhang Heping , Kwok Lai-Yu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. Gut microbiome may influence tumor growth and the outcome of cancer treatment, so it may be considered as a target for tumor prevention and treatment. This study investigated the preventive and therapeutic effects of the probiotic strain, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Probio-M9 (Probio-M9), against mammary cancer in mice. Thirty-six female mice were randomly divided into three groups (n = 12 per group): control group (without tumor transplantation), model group (tumor transplantation; no probiotic administration), and probiotic group (30-day oral gavage of probiotic, started seven days before tumor transplantation). Changes in tumor size was recorded, and blood, tumor tissue, and stool samples were collected at the end of the trial for analysis. Significantly smaller tumor volume was observed in the probiotic group compared with the model group (P < 0.05). Probio-M9 significantly increased the Shannon diversity index of mouse fecal microbiota and modified the gut microbiota structure (P < 0.05), characterized by significantly more Alistipes sp., Porphyromonadaceae bacterium, and Bacteroidales bacterium (P < 0.05), compared with the model group. Additionally, Probio-M9 administration elevated the serum IFN-γ, IL-9, IL-13, and IL-27 levels, while reducing the serum levels of IL-5 (P < 0.05) and several metabolites (e.g., pyridoxal, nicotinic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, glutamine; P < 0.05). These physiological changes might be associated with the protective effect of Probio-M9 against mammary tumor growth. Our results support that probiotic administration could be a means of harnessing host gut microbiome and other physiological responses in combating cancer.
Attitudes regarding a warranty and the expected longevity of dental treatment amongst New Zealand dentists, dental students, and patients
Authors: Liu Belinda , Roessler David , Morse Zac 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objectives To investigate and compare estimates of the longevity of dental treatment, expectations for free remedial treatment, and attitudes about formal dental warranties among dentists, students, and patients.
Materials and Methods Using convenience sampling, a questionnaire was distributed to New Zealand dentists (n=28) and final year dental students (n=27). A separate questionnaire was provided to patients in a university dental clinic (n=43). Mann-Whitney U, Chi-square and Pearson Correlation tests were used to test for differences between groups and correlations amongst variables. Qualitative data were analysed thematically.
Results Dentists believed that their posterior composite resin restorations would last longer (p=0.014), would remediate failed crowns for longer (p=0.002) and provide longer crown warranties (p=0.003) compared to students. Patients had higher expectations for restoration longevity and free remediation for failed treatment. Students were generally more willing to provide warranties. Crowns were perceived to be the most warrantable, while endodontic treatment was the least warrantable. Recall attendance, mechanical failure and adequate oral hygiene were commonly proposed warranty conditions for restorations and crowns. There was little consensus about complete dentures and endodontic treatment.
Conclusions There are significant disparities between the expectations of patients and clinicians regarding treatment longevity and free remediation times. Clinicians, in general, are willing to provide free remediation within a specified time frame, except for endodontic treatment, but are hesitant to provide formal dental warranties.
Clinical Relevance Clinicians must ensure clear communication to manage patients’ expectations. A formal warranty could be one way to ensure patients are well informed of their rights.
General numeric determination of ecological operation of heat pumps using power from cogeneration.
Authors: Hurst Georg , Jentsch Andrej , Blesl Markus 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The combination of a combined heat and power (CHP) system with a heat pump (HP), is growing popular as an innovative heating solution in residential buildings as well as decarbonization-solution in district heating networks. Due to significant lower operational and initial costs, the predominant configuration is a CHP+HP combination, where the HP is operated by internal power supply, provided by the CHP. In this paper, the CHP+HP combination was generally analysed under exergy analysis regarding its climate protection potential, thus taking the first and second law of thermodynamics into consideration. As a result, the common conception of CHP+HP combinations being ecologically advantageous in terms of low CO2-emissions, was disproved analytically.
The new, theoretical COP limit, which is derived and presented in this work gives the COP-threshold that any HP operated with internal power supply from CHP has to achieve at minimum to provide heat at lower CO2-emissions than the CHP. The COP limit derived is a function of CHP temperatures only. The graphical representation of the results allows a simple determination of the energy system conditions to check whether the HP has a positive impact on the CO2-emissions of the combined CHP+HP-system under usage of internal power supply. The evaluation based on these results confirms that the heat from a HP using either of the 2 popular heat-sources surfaced-water or ambient air, inevitably has higher specific CO2-emissions in the CHP+HP combination than the CHP heat. Only when using a sufficiently hot and emissions-free heat source, the HP-heat from a CHP+HP combination can yield to maximum of half the CO2-emissions of the CHP. Therefore, power consumption with sufficiently low specific CO2-emissions out of external source is mandatory to achieve in case of a high temperature waste heat source fully capitalize on the ecological benefits through HP operation in CHP+HP systems.
Effectiveness of Four-week Task-Specific Functional Exercise protocol in chronic post-stroke upper limb management: A prospective interventional trial
Authors: Senarath ID , Thalwaththe STRD , Pathirage LPMMK , Kularatne SAM 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate a specifically designed four-week Task-Specific functional exercise (TSE) protocol for chronic post-stroke upper limb. The protocol was initiated with simple mass movements in the first week, then gradually advanced into reaching, grasping, and finger movements in the second week, simple tasks in the third week, and complex tasks in the fourth week. Outcomes were measured by FMA-UL and ARAT. All participants improved 2.4 times at the end of the TSE protocol compared with baseline (95% CI 3.52 to 4.14) in wrist sub-category, thrice (95% CI 6.07 to 6.89) in hand sub-category, and 3.1 times (95% CI 17.4 to 19.7) in the total FMA-UL score. In ARAT; the achievement at the end of the protocol was thrice that of the baseline in the total sample (95% CI 5.81 to 6.59) for grasp sub-component, 2.9 times (95% CI 4.33 to 4.93) for grip, 2.6 times (95% CI 4.49 to 5.19) for pinch, 3.8 times (95% CI 4.22to 4.84) for gross sub-component, and 3.1 times (95% CI 19.4 to 21.4) for total ARAT. Implemented four-week TSE protocol is effective in upper limb functional improvement which is more than twice at the end compared to the baseline. Trial registration: SLCTR/2019/040
Impact of Agricultural Inputs Use on Productivity of Major Crops in Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Meja Merihun , Kebede Alemtsehay Kassa 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This invention describes that the rate of input utilization is decisive for productivity growth of considered crops. The invention enhances the productivity of major crops like maize, teff, wheat, barley and sorghum crops. The sample was based on a panel data of (2011, 2013, and 2015) acquired from the Ethiopian socio-economic survey was used. The invention was scientifically analyzed using the basic fixed effect model and dose-response function under exogenous and endogenous treatment models. In the exogenous and endogenous treatment cases, households applying fertilizer have achieved actual different levels of higher outputs than their counterparts. In endogenous treatment, the household applying fertilizer harvested much higher output than those in the counterfactual condition. Moreover, inputs: fertilizer, seed, labor force, and farm capital utilization have a critical impact on the aggregate outputs of considered crops.
Oridonin suppresses the growth of glioblastoma cells via inhibiting Hippo/YAP axis
Authors: wang chen , Zhang Yonghong , Jiang Qingsong , Chen Shuang , Zhang Liang , Qiu Hongmei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Glioma is a brain tumor that originated from brain or spine glial cells. Despite utilizing alternative treatments, the overall survival remains poor. Oridonin (ORI) is purified from the Chinese herb Rabdosia rubescens which exhibited anti-cancer effects on human tumorigenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ORI on U87MG glioblastoma cells and whether Hippo/YAP-related signaling pathway was involved in. Here, we found that ORI inhibited cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in U87MG cells. Moreover, ORI inhibited Bcl-2, YAP, c-Myc protein expression but increased Bax, caspase-3, p-YAP protein expression. Furthermore, these anti-cancer effects of ORI were also confirmed in a mouse model bearing glioma. Further study suggested that the YAP inhibitor Verteporfin (VP) showed the similar effect of ORI, but ORI reversed the effect of over-expression of YAP. Collectively, Oridonin suppressed glioblastoma oncogenesis via the Hippo/YAP signaling pathway and could be a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of glioblastoma.
Dynamic Water Quality Changes in the Main Stream of the Yangtze River from Combined Multi-source Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Zhao Jiarui , Jin Shuanggen , Zhang Yuanyuan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) are important indicators for water quality. However, although water quality with high accuracy can be obtained by traditional measurement methods, the cost is high and the area is limited. A single satellite remote sensing was used to retrieve water quality with larger scale, less bands and limited accuracy. In this paper, the inversion models of TN and TP are obtained and validated in the main stream of the Yangtze River by using multi-source remote sensing data. The accuracy of models from joint multi-source remote sensing data is higher than that from using a single satellite data. The correlation of TN joint inversion model can reach 0.80, and the root mean square error(RMSE) is about 0.5mg L-1. The correlation of TP joint inversion model can reach 0.85, and RMSE is about 0.1mg L-1. Using the models, the water quality changes are obtained and analysed in the main stream of the Yangtze River from 2019 to 2021. It is found that TN and TP in the upstream and downstream are high. In spring and autumn, the water quality is poor. The main stream of the Yangtze River mostly class III and getting better year by year. Finally, the reasons for the change of water quality are discussed with other factors. It is found that TN and TP are negatively correlated with water level, temperature and flow. The correlation between water level and water quality is higher than others and it can reach − 0.76 and − 0.64.
An Efficient and Green Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Some Novel 1,3,4-Thiadiazinan- ones and their Molecular Docking, Computational and Biological Study Analysis
Authors: Sriniv S. , Girija R. , Aruna S. , Elumalai M. , Kotteswaran S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Among the vast number of structurally diverse alkaloids, 1,3,4-thiadiazinan-5-one and its analogues have also been targeted for the exploitation of modern synthetic techniques, possibly due to their good pharmacological properties. This study aims to synthesize 1,3,4-thiadiazinan-5-one by using an efficient and green reaction of aryl aldehyde, hydrazine substituted derivatives and thioglycolic acid. The synthesized compound’s chemical composition is characterized by the use of data from the elementary analysis, IR, Mass, 1H and13C-NMR spectroscopy. Thiadiazinan-5-one derivatives analogue of the 3D-Crystal Protein Target Structure (PDB ID: 4COF) is conducted using Schrodinger Maestro 12.1 computation approach. The findings show no interaction of the hydrogen bond with 4COF protein based on the compound 2A docking. Overall, these 1A to 3Dcompounds are used in drug design and development studies as a chemical compound synthesis. The compounds 3D, 1B, 2D and 3B can also be considered as anti-epilepsy molecules based on the In-silico study. The descriptors for reactivity have been measured using frontier orbital molecular energy of hardness, electrophilicity index and energy gap.
Airplane Detection Based on Unsupervised Deep Domain Adaptation in Remote Sensing Images
Authors: YOUSSEF Youssef BEN , Lyaqini Soufiane , Fakhar Khalid , Abdelmounim Elhassane 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this work, we use the detection and localization capabilities of the pre-trained Faster Region Convolutional Neuronal Network (Faster R-CNN) model including Resnet50 as the backbone of the architecture. Our model has been trained with a huge benchmark dataset Common Objects in Context (MSCOCO) as a source domain. The model pre-trained is used in Unsupervised Deep Domain adaptation (UDDA) for airplane detection and localization in Remote Sensing Image (RSI) as a domain target. We evaluate our proposed approach using images containing multi-objects (airplanes) on a different scale and types collected from the public dataset for Object Detection in Aerial Images (DOTA) and different airport images extracted from Google Earth. Extensive experiments in a Cloud environment reveal the usefulness of the proposed approach regarding score. UDDA algorthm proposed is a non deterministic machine learning approach for detecting the airplane in RSI.