bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional Structural Modeling (3D SM) and Joint Geophysical Characterization (JGC) of Hydrocarbon Reservoir: A Case Study of the Kadanwari field in Middle Indus Basin (MIB), Southeastern Pakistan
Authors: Khan Umair , Du Jiangfeng , Hussain Shafqat , Jiang Zhengwen , Ali Shahzad , Ali Ikram , Khan Majid , Zhang Baoyi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Complex structural geology generally leads to significant consequences for hydrocarbon reservoir exploration that needs a comprehensive methodology for complete comprehension. Despite a large number of existing wells in the Kadanwari field, Middle Indus Basin (MIB), southeastern Pakistan, the depositional environment of the Early Cretaceous stratigraphic sequence is still poorly understood, which has implications for regional geology as well as economic significance. To improve the understanding of depositional environment of complex heterogeneous reservoirs with associated 3D stratigraphic architecture, spatial distribution of facies and properties, and hydrocarbon prospects, a new methodology of three-dimensional structural modeling (3D SM) and joint geophysical characterization (JGC) is introduced in this research. JGC makes use of seismic interpretation-aided 3D SM, 3D seismic attributes analysis coupled with petrophysical modeling using 3D seismic reflection, and borehole data. Subsequently, the 3D SM reveals that the Kadanwari field experienced multiple stages of complex deformation dominated by NW to SW normal fault system, high relief horsts, half-graben, and graben structures. 3D SM and 3D fault system models (FSMs) further depict that the middle part of the sequence experienced more deformation compared to the surroundings of major faults with predominant oriented in S30°-45°E and N25°-35°W, azimuth as 148°–170° and 318°–345°, minimum (28°), mean (62°), and maximum (90°) dip angles. The applied variance edge attribute better portrays the inconsistency of the seismic data associated with faulting and estimated high reflection sediments presumed to be potential hydrocarbon traps. The high amplitude and loss of frequency anomalies of sweetness and root mean square (RMS) amplitude attributes represent cleaner and payable sand-rich shoreward facies revealing gas saturated sand, while relatively low amplitude and high-frequency anomalies indicate sandy shale, shale, and pro-delta facies, unfavorable zones for gas potential. The quantitative petrophysical modeling result shows that E sand interval has good effective porosity (∅ eff ) and hydrocarbon saturation (S hc ) compared to G sand interval. The derived average petrophysical properties, such as volume of shale (V shale ), average porosity (∅ avg ), ∅ eff , water saturation (S W ), and S hc of the E sand interval are 30.5%, 17.4%, 12.2%, 33.2%, 70.01%, respectively. The newly introduced 3D SM and JGC workflow is an effective tool for highlighting potential areas of high quality reservoir development.
Cryptotanshinone Inhibits Ovarian Tumor Growth and Metastasis by Degrading c-Myc and Attenuating the FAK Pathway
Authors: Guo Huijun , Zhao Guannan , Wang Yaohong , Zhang Wenjing , Zhu Bing-Mei , Dong Peixin , Watari Hidemichi , Tigyi Gabor , Yue Junming 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Cryptotanshinone (CT), a natural compound derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen, a traditional Chinese medicine), has been shown antitumor activity in various cancers. However, it remains unclear whether CT has a potential therapeutic benefit against ovarian cancers. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of CT in ovarian cancer cells in vitro and using orthotopically implanted HEY A8 human ovarian cancer cells into NSG mice to determine its antitumor efficacy and explore the molecular mechanism underlying CT’s antitumor effects.
Results
We found that CT inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OVCAR3 and HEY A8 cell while sensitizing the cell responses to chemotherapy drugs paclitaxel and cisplatin. CT also suppressed ovarian tumor growth and metastasis in immunocompromised mice orthotopically inoculated with HEY A8 cells. Mechanistically, CT degraded oncogene c-Myc by promoting ubiquitination and disrupting the interaction with its partner protein Max. CT also attenuated the FAK (focal adhesion kinase) signaling and degraded FAK in both cell lines. Knockdown of c-Myc using lentiviral CRISPR/Cas9 nickase resulted in reduction of FAK expression, which phenocopies the effects of CT and 10058-F4.
Conclusions
Our studies demonstrate that CT inhibits primary ovarian tumor growth and metastasis by degrading c-Myc and attenuating the FAK pathway.
First report on the bacterial community composition, diversity, and functions in Ramsar site of Central Himalayas, Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Namita Paudel , Adhikari Subash , Liu Keshao , Chen Yuying , Sharma Birendra Prasad , Paudel Ganesh , Liu Yongqin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Ramsar sites are wetlands of international importance covering major ecosystem processes and services. Bacterial communities play a significant role in the lacustrine ecosystem and release major nutrients in wetlands, yet little is known about controls over their distribution and abundance from the Ramsar site of Central Himalayas, Nepal. Thus, we studied the bacterial community composition, diversity, and functions in the wetlands (designed as Ramsar site, Ramsar no 2257) during the autumn and spring by using 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq sequencing. We reported a pronounced variation in water physicochemical and biological properties (temperature, pH, Chl a, DOC, and TN), bacterial diversity, and community composition. Alpha diversity was highest in Autumn while beta diversity (based on unifrac distance) in spring. Our results uncovered the effect of nutrients on bacterial abundance, richness, and community composition. Most unique operational taxonomic units (OTUs) (58%) belonged to autumn, while 14% of the OTUs were shared between spring and autumn. Planctomycetes and Bacteroidetes dominated the spring exclusive OTUs; meanwhile, Actinobacteria dominated the autumn exclusive OTUs. Bacteria in these wetlands exhibited divergent roles; however, a higher abundance of bacteria associated with animal parasites and human pathogens indicated a public health risk. By disclosing the seasonal variation of bacterial community and their relationship with environmental factors, this first-hand work in the Ramsar site of Nepal will develop a baseline dataset for the scientific community that will assist in understanding the wetlands microbial ecology and biogeography.
Geo-Statistical Assessment of Spatial Variability of Soil Water-Holding Capacity for Optimal Irrigation Under Semi-Arid Vertisols in South India
Authors: J RAMACHANDRAN , Lalitha R. , Kannan S.Vallal , Sivasubramanian K. , Sankar G.R.Maruthi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Based on a field survey conducted in Lalgudi block, Tiruchirapalli district, Tamil Nadu, India, details pertaining to the crops grown, cropping pattern, land utilization and soil samples were collected from 20 locations under 7 different soil textures of semi-arid vertisols. Using the data, efficient geostatistical models have been explored to study the spatial variation of irrigation water requirement of paddy, sugarcane and banana grown in the study area. Field capacity and wilting point are two major soil physical properties that would influence the available plant water. These parameters were estimated with the pressure plate apparatus using soil samples collected in the block. Soil texture-wise assessment was made with regard to the field capacity, wilting point and soil water holding capacity based on the observations. The locations of Lalgudi block were grouped into three categories based on the mean and standard deviation of available water holding capacity, field capacity and wilting point parameters and were statistically assessed. The groups were made by considering the locations with values of a parameter lying under (i) < (Mean – SD); (ii) (Mean – SD) to (Mean + SD); and (iii) > (Mean + SD) limits. Geostatistics were applied for identifying the best interpolation method in order to acquire the spatial map of the available water holding capacity. An initial data exploration indicated about non-normal distribution of the available water holding capacity. Accordingly, log-transformation was made before kriging technique was used for the data. Ordinary kriging and Disjunctive kriging were explored with six models viz., Circular, Spherical, Exponential, Gaussian, Penta-spherical and Sine-Hole effect models and were used for spatial prediction. An estimate of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) based onthe six models ranged from 2.1 to 2.5 for available water holding capacity parameter. The cross validation statistics indicated that Sine-Hole effect model with disjunctive kriging of available water holding capacity was superior for interpolation with minimum value of RMSE and moderate spatial dependency. The Sine-Hole effect model was found to overestimate the soil properties when interpolation was carried out and gave mean prediction error of -0.07 which indicated that the model was highly efficient. With the available water holding capacity map of Lalgudi block, total available water, readily available water and irrigation interval of paddy, sugarcane and banana were estimated. The irrigation interval of paddy, sugarcane and banana were found to vary between 1-2, 3-5 and 2-4 days respectively within Lalgudi block. Adoption of spatial algorithms for estimating the crop water requirement would greatly help the irrigation planners and water policy makers to create efficient regional plans for making precision irrigation under semi-arid vertisols.
Influence of Lifestyle Patterns On Myopia In Students Aged 9 To 18 In Tianjin, China: A Latent Class Analysis
Authors: Cui Tingkai , Cao Yongjun , Liu Liyuan , Su Yuanyuan , Xi Wei , Gao Lei , Xiong Wenjuan , Zhang Xin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to determine influence of lifestyle patterns on myopia and spherical equivalent refraction (SE) in school-aged children in Tianjin.Methods: Students aged 9 to 18 in grade 4 to 12 were recruited. Non-cycloplegic SE was obtained. A self-administration questionnaire was used to collect demographic and lifestyle information.Results: The overall prevalence of myopia of 8651 students was 81.5% and that of high myopia was 8.88%. Myopia and high myopia rate increased dramatically with grade (p<0.001). Students were classified into 3 groups based on latent class analysis (LCA). Students in class 2 had the lowest myopia rate of 74.1% and those in class 1 had the highest rate of 82.8%. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that class 1 and 3 had a higher risk for myopia compared to class 2 (OR= 1.68, p<0.001; OR= 1.46, p=0.004). The risk for high myopia of Class 1 and 3 were also higher compared to that of class2 (OR= 2.41, p<0.001; OR= 2.13, p=0.006). General linear model showed that SE of students in class 1 and 3 was lower than that of students in class 2 (β=-0.82, p<0.001; β=-0.68, p<0.001).Conclusion: Lifestyle is associated with myopia and SE value.
Analyzing Self-Evaluation Capacity Scores Related to Infectious Disease Control in International Health Regulations during the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Satria Fauzi Budi , Tsai Feng-Jen , Turbat Battsetseg 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 is hitting the world hard despite the requirement to establish minimum core capacity by the International Health Regulations (IHR) 2005. In addition, COVID-19 was most severe in countries reporting good IHR capacities, such as the US, UK, Germany, and France. This study aimed to identify changes in the average score of member countries' IHR self-evaluation capacity (e-SPAR) in 2020 compared to 2019, then analyze the factors that influenced it. For that purpose, first, we calculated the absolute difference between e-SPAR scores in 2019 and 2020 of 154 countries. Then Wilcoxon Sign-rank test was performed to identify its significance. After Chi-Square Test, Multiple Regression Analysis was applied to analyze the relationship between countries’ changes in e-SPAR scores and their COVID-19’s case fatality rate (CFR), Human Development Index, Civil Liberties, and Government Effectiveness. Results: Our findings showed that the average e-SPAR score in 2020 was significantly higher than in 2019. Of the 154 countries, the e-SPAR score of 98 countries (63.63%) was increased in 2020. Among this group, 63 countries (64.28%) were middle-income countries. Capacities about Risk Communication, National Health Emergency Framework, and Ports of entry were the three capacities that experienced the most significant increase. Meanwhile, among 56 of 154 countries (36.36%) whose scores did ​​​​not increase, 26 countries (46.42%) were high-income countries. The IHR coordination and National Focal Points, Food Safety, and Risk Communication were the only capacities that significantly decreased during the pandemic. Our model showed that COVID-19 CFR influenced the changes in e-SPAR scores of 154 countries (p<0.01), as well as the countries whose score increased (p<0.05), but not the countries whose e-SPAR score did not increase.Conclusion: We concluded that the COVID-19 pandemic is an alarm for countries to re-evaluate their capacities more carefully. Continues external evaluation approach like Joint External Evaluation (JEE) should be a necessary approach for future preparation.
Cairo University Fibrosis Index (CUFI): A MicroRNA Based Score for Accurate Prediction of Hepatic Fibrosis: A Biopsy Controlled Study
Authors: Abdel-Haleem Hanan Abdel-Haleem , Zekri Abdel Rahman Zekri , Moniem Mostafa Abdel Moniem , Ray Ahmed Al Ray Al , Omar Mona Omar , Omran Mohamed Omarn , Omran Dalia Omran 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The exact identification of liver fibrosis is mandatory for customizing therapy and controlling complications. The aim of the current study is to measure the ability to circulate miRNAs; in the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis.Methods: Routine laboratory, liver biopsy, and histopathological investigations were done on seventy HCV patients. In addition, estimation of HCV-RNA, serum micro RNA (miRNA)-122, 221, 192, 224, 375, and 885 were done by PCR. To assess the ability of each miRNA, the area under the receiver operating characteristics (AUC) curves were plotted. Significant miRNA were analyzed by linear regression analysis in a stepwise pattern to develop a score for pointing out significant fibrosis. Moreover, the following scores were calculated: aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio (AAR), aspartate to platelet ratio index (APRI), FIB-4 score, Hui index, Fibrosis Index (FI), Fibro-Q, Fibro-Alfa Biotechnology Research Center (BRC) score, and Gotebörg University Cirrhosis Index (GUCI).Results: Patients with significant and advanced fibrosis have significantly lower miR-122. MiR-122, FIB4, total bilirubin, and miR-855 proved to be independent predictors of significant fibrosis in univariate analysis. A novel score; Cairo University Fibrosis Index (CUFI) based on microRNA 122, FIB4, bilirubin, and microRNA 855 were formulated for the identification of significant liver fibrosis. The AUC of the score, for predicting significant and advanced hepatic fibrosis was 0.85 and 0.81. This AUC was higher than those of other common fibrosis scores.Conclusion: Cairo University Fibrosis Index proved to be better than other existing scores in assessing fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients.
Estimation of genetic parameters of growth traits for direct and maternal effects in Murrah buffalo
Authors: JOSHI POOJA , Gowane G.R. , Alex Rani , Gupta I.D. , Worku Destaw , George Linda , Ranjan Ashish , Verma Archana 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
An understanding of genetic principles and environment factors affecting the growth traits is needed to implement optimal breeding and selection programs. In this study, total of 18,989 records of body weight were used to estimate genetic parameters of body weight at birth (BW), 3-month (3BW), 6-month (6BW), 9-month (9BW),12-month (12BW), 18-month (18BW), 24-month (24 BW), 30-month (3BW) and 36-month (36BW) of Murrah buffalo at ICAR-NDRI Karnal, Haryana, for the period 1974–2019. The genetic parameters were estimated using average information restricted maximum likelihood (AIREML) procedure by excluding or including maternal effects. Six analytical models were fitted in order to optimize the model for each trait. Most appropriate univariate model was selected based on Log likelihood ratio test (LRT). Influencing factors like calf sex, period of birth, season of birth and dam’s parity were investigated. The results showed that the maternal genetic effects, in addition to direct additive effect are also important determinants of the genetic parameter estimates for growth traits in Murrah buffaloes. Total heritability estimates h2T1 for BW, 3BW, 6BW, 9BW, 12BW, 18BW, 24BW, 30BW and 36BW were 0.25, 0.04, 0.14, 0.16, 0.10, 0.15, 0.21, 0.24, and 0.23 respectively. Maternal effect was important for birth weight and accounted for 13% variation through maternal genetic and 5% variability through maternal permanent environmental effect. Maternal genetic effect was also important and interfered with the estimates of variance ratios in live weight traits owing to large and negative covariance between direct and maternal genetic effects. Direct genetic correlation between body weight traits were positive and high ranging from 0.10 to 0.94. Results revealed that the Murrah herd has a sizable genetic variability for growth traits and hence there is sufficient scope for selection for achieving better growth rate if selection in this direction is applied. Owing to higher positive genetic correlation of 6BW with later ages, the scope of indirect selection for optimum growth in later ages can be aimed at by selecting animals for their higher 6-month live weight.
Nurses’ Perspectives on the Role of Relatives in Emergency Situations in Nursing Homes: a Qualitative Study From Germany
Authors: Schwabe Sven , Bleidorn Jutta , Günther Andreas , Primc Nadia , Rubeis Giovanni , Schneider Nils , Poeck Juliane 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: In nursing homes, emergencies often result in unnecessary hospital transfers, which may negatively affect residents’ health. Emergency management in nursing homes is complicated by structural conditions, uncertainties and difficulties communicating with the treating healthcare professionals. The present study investigated the role played by relatives in this emergency management, as perceived by nursing staff.Methods: Within the context of a larger multi-method, interdisciplinary research project, we conducted six focus group discussions and 33 semi-structured interviews with nurses at nursing homes in northern Germany between September 2020 and April 2021. Discussions and interviews focused on emergency management in nursing homes, and were recorded, transcribed and analysed using qualitative content analysis, according to Mayring.Results: Nurses reported that relatives were actively involved in emergency management in the nursing homes. Relatives were informed when there was an emergency situation, and they participated in decision making around the resident’s care. Nurses sometimes perceived the involvement of relatives as challenging, due to a lack of time or staff, the opposing views of relatives and/or uncertain communication structures; however, they were willing to involve relatives according to the relatives’ preferences. The role played by relatives was seen to range from that of an active supporter to that of a troublemaker. On the one hand, relatives were reported to support nurses in emergency management (i.e. by identifying residents’ preferences and advocating for residents’ interests). On the other hand, relatives were often perceived by the nurses as overstrained and unprepared in emergency situations, leading them to override residents’ wishes, question the emergency plan and put pressure on the nurses’ decision making.Conclusions: Nurses perceive the roles played by relatives in emergency situations in nursing homes as relatively supportive or, alternatively, demanding and troublesome. The timely involvement of relatives in emergency planning, the establishment of clear agreements with general practitioners and the development of trusting relationships between nursing staff and relatives may improve emergency management for nurses.
Establishment of a 5-fluorouracil-resistant human gastric cancer cell line and exploration of its biological characteristics
Authors: Chang Hye Jung , Cho Min-hee , Choi Moon Young , Lee Kyoung Eun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Chemoresistance is a major problem in gastric cancer (GC) management with an unknown underlying mechanism. In this study, we aimed to establish a 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-resistant GC cell line and explore the biological characteristics related to its chemoresistance.Materials and Results: The chemotherapeutic agent-resistant GC cell line (AGS-R) was established by continuous exposure of AGS cells to 5-FU. These cells showed morphologic changes and increased level of thymidylate synthase (TS) mRNA compared with the parental cells. AGS-R also showed down-regulation of β-catenin activity with decreased migration and invasion. The expression of CD44 was increased in AGS-R cells and this was reversed with the inhibition of Notch1.Conclusions: 5-FU resistant gastric cancer cell line was well established and these cells showed increased stemness which was reversed with Notch1 inhibition.
Validation And Psychometric Properties of The Trognon &amp; Richard ADHD Questionnaire 10-Items For Adults In A French Sample
Authors: Trognon Arthur , Richard Manon 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background : ADHD is classically seen as a disease of children, although it persists in one out of two cases in adults. The diagnosis is based on a long and multidisciplinary process, involving different health professionals, leading to an under-diagnosis of adult ADHD individuals. We therefore present a psychometric screening scale for the identification of adult ADHD, in order to serve as an aid in the decision whether or not to engage in a diagnostic process.Method : We designed the scale from the DSM-5 and administered it to n=110 control individuals and n=110 ADHD individuals. The number of items was reduced using regression techniques. We then performed factor analyses and a machine-learning assessment of the predictive power of the scale.Results : Internal consistency coefficients were calculated satisfactorily for TRAQ10, with Cronbach's alpha measured at .9. The 3-factor model tested was confirmed, with standardized factor loadings greater than .53 for all items. Finally, analysis by machine learning showed that a GNB-type classification algorithm could identify the subject's group appartenance with an high average precision of .88 based only on the participant’s responses on the scale.Conclusions : The scale showed sufficient performance for its use in clinical routine. It could thus help to reduce the time required to diagnose ADHD in adults. Similarly, it could be used in research for screening purposes.