bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of NADP-dependent L-arginine dehydrogenase as a novel amino acid dehydrogenase and its application to an L-arginine assay
Authors: Ohshima Toshihisa , Ohmori Taketo , Tanaka Masaki 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
L-Arginine dehydrogenase (L-ArgDH, EC 1.4.1.25) is an amino acid dehydrogenase which catalyzes the reversible oxidative deamination of L-arginine to the oxo analog in the presence of NADP. Although the enzyme activity is detected in the cell extract of Pseudomonas aruginosa , the purification and characterization of the enzyme have not been achieved to date. We here found the gene homolog of L-ArgDH in genome data of Pseudomonas veronii and succeeded in expression of P. veronii JCM11942 gene in E. coli. The gene product exhibited strong NADP-dependent L-ArgDH activity. The crude enzyme was unstable under neutral pH conditions, but was markedly stabilized by the addition of 10% glycerol. The enzyme was purified to homogeneity through a single Ni-chelate affinity ch romatography step and consisted of a homodimeric protein with a molecular mass of about 65 kDa. The enzyme selectively catalyzed l-arginine oxidation in the presence of NADP with maximal activity at pH 9.5. The apparent K m values for l-arginine and NADP were 2.5 and 0.21 mM, respectively. The nucleotide sequence coding the enzyme gene ( was determined and the amino acid sequence was deduced from the nucleotide sequence. As an application of the enzyme, simple colorimetric　microassay for L-arginine using the enzyme was achieved.
Differences in gene expression between high- and low-grade serous ovarian cancers: implications for diagnosis and prognosis
Authors: Xu Jianhao , Wang Qian , Cao Fang , Deng Zhiyong , Gao Xiaojiao , Gu Tingting , Liu Tingting , Xu Song , Gan Wenjuan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: The clinical presentations of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) and low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC) differ. In this study, we aimed to identify the essential molecules for the diagnosis and prognosis of these OC subtypes. Methods: Differentially expressed genes between HGSOC and LGSOC were identified using three GEO series. The functional enrichment analysis was performed to investigate different biological processes and pathways. The protein-protein interaction network was constructed, and the discovered hub genes were frequently validated using prognostic correlation and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in GEPIA and HPA databases. Finally, we screened out BIRC5 and used IHC to detect its expression in 20 cases of borderline serous tumors, 20 cases of LGSOC, and 38 cases of HGSOC, and further analyzed its correlation with clinical characteristics.Results: In comparison with LGSOC, 79 upregulated and 85 downregulated genes were identified in HGSOC. The biological roles of these genes were mainly centered on the cell cycle process and chromosomal segregation. Among the 10 hub genes chosen, BIRC5 is positively related to the overall survival of patients with OC (p = 0.014) and can distinguish OC from normal ovarian tissue. In addition to database analysis, we verify BIRC5 through the specimen resources in our case database. According to the IHC results of our specimens, we found that BIRC5 can not only distinguish HGSOC and LGSOC but also positively correlate with the age, preoperative CA125 level, FIGO stage，and TP53/Ki-67 expression in tumor specimens.Conclusions: BIRC5 is a reliable marker that can distinguish HGSOC from LGSOC, guide prognosis, and be utilized in clinical IHC.
Thermal response of electronic, optical, mechanical properties, phonon frequencies, and sound velocity of InPxAsySb1-x-y/InAs quaternary semiconductor system
Authors: Degheidy A R , AbuAli A M , Elkenany Elkenany B 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The temperature dependence of acoustic velocities, thermal properties, and phonon frequencies, mechanical, electronic, and optical properties for the InPxAsySb1-x-y/InAs system has been studied. The physical properties of the binary components InSb, InP, and InAs that constitute the quaternary alloy were used in this research. The study has been done using the empirical pseudo-potential method (EPM) under the virtual crystal approximation (VCA). The thermal properties, phonon frequencies, and acoustic velocities for the InPxAsySb1-x-y/InAs system under the effect of temperature have not been fully studied. Therefore, we have focused on these properties under the influence of temperature. Due to the lack of the published theoretical and experimental values on these properties, our findings will provide a significant reference for future experimental work.
The optimal modeling method of specific tuberculosis peritonitis (experimental research)
Authors: Plotkin D. V. , Vinogradova T. I. , Reshetnikov M. N. , Zyuzya Yu. R. , Serdobintsev M. S. , Sinitsyn M. N. 
Published: January 2022

The objective: to create a reproducible model of chronic tuberculosis peritonitis to study pathophysiological mechanisms of its progression and to develop pathogenetically based therapy.Subjects and Methods. The study was performed using 10 male rabbits of the Chinchilla breed. The animals were administered intraperitoneal culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, tuberculosis peritonitis modeling was performed according to the proposed method.Results. In the course of the experiment, it was proved that all animals developed tuberculous peritonitis with lesions of the large omentum and serous integuments of internal organs. Molecular genetic tests of fragments of the omentum and peritoneum detected DNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Clean Water Using Solar and Wind: Outside the Power Grid (Persian Translation)
Authors: Olsson Gustaf 
Published: January 2022

Solar photo-voltaic (PV) and wind offer to bring both clean energy and clean water to remote regions and peri-urban areas in the world, outside the conventional electric grids. One out of seven people has no electric power available that would bring light to the home, cook the food, pump to access water and purify or re-use it. Off-grid systems are scalable and can be designed to any size, from household to village and community levels. The renewable energy cost development is remarkable and can make electric power affordable also for the poorest.
Renewables promise an end to the era where energy security is closely related to geopolitics. The expenditure is up-front capital cost while “fuel” is free. With renewables, there is no geopolitical pressure where one country has deposits of a fossil fuel while another does not.
This book aims to show how clean water and clean energy are reachable for all while contributing to both a better climate and a healthier life.
ISBN: 9781789062953 (eBook)
Targeting mTOR Signaling in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetes Complications
Authors: Yang Lin , Zhang Zhixin , Wang Doudou , Jiang Yu , Liu Ying 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a pivotal regulator of cell metabolism
and growth. In the form of two different multi-protein complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, mTOR
integrates cellular energy, nutrient and hormonal signals to regulate cellular metabolic homeostasis.
In type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), pathological conditions and end-organ complications can
be attributed to aberrant mTOR. Substantial evidence suggests that two mTOR-mediated signaling
schemes, mTORC1-p70S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) and mTORC2-protein kinase B (AKT), play a critical
role in insulin sensitivity and that their dysfunction contributes to the development of T2DM. This
review summarizes our current understanding of the role of mTOR signaling in T2DM and its associated
complications, as well as the potential use of mTOR inhibitors in the treatment of T2DM.
Preparation of Tetrasubstituted Bis(3-indolyl)methanes from Indoles and
Acetophenes Using 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimehtylhydantoin as an Efficient
Catalyst
Authors: Zheng Zubiao , Zha Daoxin , Cui Peng , Ye Caixia , Jin Lei , Han Bingbing 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
A new process that could efficiently prepare tetrasubstituted bis(3-indolyl)methanes
from various indoles and acetophenones with 1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimehtylhydantoin(DBDMH) as a
catalyst was reported. The effects of catalysts, solvents, and reaction temperature were investigated.
Under the optimal condition, most of the tetrasubstituted bis(3-indolyl)methanes were obtained
in 90–99% yields.
The Catalytic Efficiency of Isosteviol Derived Bifunctional Primary
Amine-Squaramide on Michael Additions of Acetophenone to Nitroalkenes
Authors: Liu Yu-Xia , Ma Zhi-Wei , Wang Chuan-Chuan , Li Qian , Mai Wen-Peng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
The isosteviol derived bifunctional primary amine-squaramide organocatalysts were
applied in the Michael addition between nitroalkenes and acetophenone. The conjugate addition
isomers of two configurations were observed with high yields (up to 93% yield) and good enantioselectivity
(up to 91% ee) at room temperature.
Clinical and Laboratory Findings of Viral Influenza among Children Hospitalized
in Qazvin Pediatric Hospital in Iran (2015-2020)
Authors: Khamenehpour Khatereh , Mahyar Abolfazl , Bagherabadi Fatemeh , Rouhi Samaneh , Mohammadi Zahrasadat 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Children are one of the most important groups at risk of catching an influenza
infection. The consequences of influenza in some children, especially children with chronic
and underlying diseases, can be very severe and lead to hospitalization.

Objective:
The purpose of this research was to determine children with influenza and their clinical
and laboratory findings in Qazvin Children’s Hospital between 2015 to 2020 years.

Methods:
In this descriptive cross-sectional study, epidemiological and clinical findings of children
hospitalized due to confirmed influenza were considered. A total of 1468 children with a suspected
diagnosis of influenza were included in this study. Then, based on the Real-time Polymerase
Chain Reaction (PCR), a total of 229 were confirmed positive for influenza. Statistical analysis
was done using software SPSS 23.0, Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA), and t-test (p≤0.05).

Results:
The results showed that most of the patients (53.7 %) were infected with influenza H1N1
type. Most comorbidities were observed with Central Nervous System (CNS) disease and febrile
seizure (each one 3.10 %). The highest clinical feature was fever (83.4 %). Significant relationship
was observed between the season (p=0.001), soreness in throat (p=0.001), febrile seizure
(p=0.051), muscle and joint pain (p=0.059), rhinorrhea (p=0.006) and shiver (p=0.051), and occurrence
of influenza. Also, 4 children had died from influenza during hospitalization.

Conclusion:
Children with influenza were examined in this study. Influenza has some side effects
on children’s health. Due to the irreversible and dangerous effects of influenza, early diagnosis and
appropriate treatment in children is important.
Atrial Fibrillation and Hypertension: “Quo Vadis”
Authors: Kwon Younghoon , Walker McCall , Patel Paras , Kwon Osung , Koene Ryan J. , Duprez Daniel A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Hypertension is one of the most well-established risk factors for atrial fibrillation. Longstanding
untreated hypertension leads to structural remodeling and electrophysiologic alterations,
causing an atrial myopathy that forms a vulnerable substrate for the development and maintenance
of atrial fibrillation. Hypertension-induced hemodynamic, inflammatory, hormonal, and autonomic
changes all appear to be important contributing factors. Furthermore, hypertension is also associated
with several atrial fibrillation-related comorbidities. As such, hypertension may represent an important
target for therapy in atrial fibrillation. Clinicians should be aware of the pitfalls of blood
pressure measurement in atrial fibrillation. While the auscultatory method is preferred, the use of
automated devices appears to be an acceptable method in the ambulatory setting. There are pathophysiologic
basis and emerging clinical evidence suggesting the benefit of renin-angiotensin system
inhibition in risk reduction of atrial fibrillation development, particularly in patients with left
ventricular hypertrophy or left ventricular dysfunction. A better understanding of hypertension’s
pathophysiologic link to atrial fibrillation may lead to the development of novel therapies for the
primary prevention of atrial fibrillation. Finally, future studies are needed to address the strategies
of optimal blood pressure to minimize the risk of atrial fibrillation-related complications.
Inhibiting the Activity of ABCG2 by KU55933 in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Liu Kun , Chen Yu , Shi Xiao-Bao , Xing Zi-Hao , He Zheng-Jie , Wang Sheng-Te , Li Yan-Chi , Liu Wei-Jing , Zhang Peng-Wei , Yu Ze-Zhong , Mo Xue-Mei , Shi Xing-Yuan , Chen Zhe-Sheng , Shi Zhi 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Therapeutic resistance is a frequent problem of cancer treatment and a
leading cause of mortality in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). Recent insight into
the mechanisms that confer multidrug resistance has elucidated that the ATP-binding cassette
(ABC) superfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) assists cancer cells in escaping therapeutic stress
caused by toxic chemotherapy. Therefore, it is necessary to develop ABCG2 inhibitors.

Objective:
In the present study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of KU55933 on ABCG2 in
CRC.

Methods:
The cytotoxicity assay and drug accumulation assay were used to examine the inhibitory
effect of KU55933 on ABCG2. The protein expressions were detected by Western blot assay. The
docking assay was performed to predict the binding site and intermolecular interactions between
KU55933 and ABCG2.

Results:
KU55933 was more potent than the known ABCG2 inhibitor fumitremorgin C to enhance
the sensitivity of mitoxantrone and doxorubicin and the intracellular accumulation of mitoxantrone,
doxorubicin and rhodamine 123 inside CRC cells with ABCG2 overexpression. Moreover,
KU55933 did not affect the protein level of ABCG2. Furthermore, the docking data showed that
KU55933 was tightly located in the drug-binding pocket of ABCG2.

Conclusion:
KU55933 can potently inhibit the activity of ABCG2 in CRC.
A Comprehensive Study of miRNAs in Parkinson’s Disease: Diagnostics
and Therapeutic Approaches
Authors: Siddique Yasir Hasan , Owais Saima 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most debilitating neurodegenerative movement
disorder. It is characterized by the presence of fibrillar alpha-synuclein amassed in the neurons,
known as Lewy bodies. Certain cellular and molecular events are involved, leading to the degeneration
of dopaminergic neurons. However, the origin and implication of such events are still uncertain.
Nevertheless, the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) as important biomarkers and therapeutic
molecules is unquestionable. The most challenging task by far in PD treatment has been its late diagnosis
followed by therapeutics. miRNAs are an emerging hope to meet the need of early diagnosis,
thereby promising an improved movement symptom and prolonged life of the patients. The
continuous efforts in discovering the role of miRNAs could be made possible by the utilisation of
various animal models of PD. These models help us understand insights into the mechanism of the
disease. Moreover, miRNAs have been surfaced as therapeutically important molecules with distinct
delivery systems enhancing their success rate. This review aims at providing an outline of different
miRNAs implicated in either PD-associated gene regulation or involved in therapeutics.
effect of net trade cycle, firm size, and networking capital on profitability with cash holdings as intervening variables in cement companies in Indonesia
Authors: Irawan Jaya , Widiyanti Marlina , Fuadah Luk Luk , Isnurhadi Isnurhadi 
Published: January 2022

This study aims to examine a model that hypothesizes that the net trade cycle, company size, and net working capital of cement companies in Indonesia impact achieving a return on assets as a proxy for profitability through the company's cash holdings. The sample consists of 45 cement producers in Indonesia that have produced commercially before 2011 and regularly publish company annual reports. The results of the path analysis confirm that the net trade cycle, firm size, and networking capital do not affect the return on assets as a proxy for profitability. Likewise, statistically, it still shows the same results after being mediated with cash holdings. Moreover, found the effect of cash holdings on ROA. These findings can provide a starting point for further research to find a more appropriate formula to increase profitability, especially for companies in the cement sector in Indonesia, where utilization rates tend to be low, and market conditions are becoming very competitive.
Barriers and Facilitators to Accessing Digital Health Tools Faced by South Asian Canadians in Surrey, British Columbia: Community-Based Participatory Action Exploration Using Photovoice
Authors: Hyman Antonia , Stacy Elizabeth , Mohsin Humaira , Atkinson Kaitlin , Stewart Kurtis , Novak Lauscher Helen , Ho Kendall 
Published: January 2022

Background
South Asian community members in Canada experience a higher burden of chronic disease than the general population. Digital health innovations provide a significant opportunity to address various health care challenges such as supporting patients in their disease self-management. However, South Asian community members are less likely to use digital tools for their health and face significant barriers in accessing them because of language or cultural factors.

Objective
The aim of this study is to understand the barriers to and facilitators of digital health tool uptake experienced by South Asian community members residing in Canada.

Methods
This study used a qualitative community-based participatory action research approach. Residents from Surrey, British Columbia, Canada, who spoke 1 of 4 South Asian languages (Hindi, Punjabi, Urdu, or Tamil) were invited to participate in focus group discussions. A subsample of the participants were invited to use photovoice methods in greater depth to explore the research topics.

Results
A total of 197 participants consented to the focus group discussions, with 12 (6.1%) participating in the photovoice phase. The findings revealed several key obstacles (older age, lack of education, and poor digital health literacy) and facilitators (social support from family or community members and positive attitudes toward technology) to using digital health tools.

Conclusions
The results support the value of using a community-based participatory action research approach and photovoice methods to engage the South Asian community in Canada to better understand digital health competencies and needs. There were several important implications for policy makers and future research, such as continued engagement of community leaders by health care providers and administrators to learn about attitudes and preferences.
An Innovative, Paradigm-Shifting Lifestyle Intervention to Reduce Glucose Excursions With the Use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring to Educate, Motivate, and Activate Adults With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: Pilot Feasibility Study
Authors: Oser Tamara K , Cucuzzella Mark , Stasinopoulos Marilyn , Moncrief Matthew , McCall Anthony , Cox Daniel J 
Published: January 2022

Background
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a growing epidemic in the United States, and metabolic control has not been improved over the last 10 years. Glycemic excursion minimization (GEM) is an alternative lifestyle treatment option focused on reducing postnutrient glucose excursions rather than reducing weight. GEM has been proven to be superior to routine care when delivered face to face, and equivalent or superior to conventional weight loss therapy, but it has not been evaluated among patients newly diagnosed with T2D or in a self-administered format.

Objective
This pilot study evaluated the feasibility of a self-administered version of GEM, augmented with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), to improve metabolic control (hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c]) while diminishing or delaying the need for diabetes medications in adults recently diagnosed with T2D. These primary objectives were hypothesized to be achieved by reducing carbohydrate intake and increasing physical activity to diminish CGM glucose excursions, leading to the secondary benefits of an increase in diabetes empowerment and reduced diabetes distress, depressive symptoms, and BMI.

Methods
GEM was self-administered by 17 adults recently diagnosed with T2D (mean age 52 years, SD 11.6 years; mean T2D duration 3.9 months, SD 2.5 months; mean HbA1c levels 8.0%, SD 1.6%; 40% female; 33.3% non-White), with the aid of a 4-chapter pocket guide and diary, automated motivational text messaging, and feedback from an activity monitor, along with CGM and supplies for the 6-week intervention and the 3-month follow-up. Treatment was initiated with one telephone call reviewing the use of the technology and 3 days later with a second call reviewing the use of the GEM pocket guide and intervention.

Results
At 3-month follow-up, 67% of the participants’ diabetes was in remission (HbA1c levels <6.5%), and only one participant started taking diabetes medication. Participants demonstrated a significant reduction in HbA1c levels (–1.8%; P<.001). Participants also experienced significant reductions in high-glycemic-load carbohydrates routinely consumed, CGM readings that were >140 mg/dL, diabetes distress, depressive symptoms, and BMI. Participants felt that use of the CGM was the most significant single element of the intervention.

Conclusions
GEM augmented with CGM feedback may be an effective initial intervention for adults newly diagnosed with T2D. A self-administered version of GEM may provide primary care physicians and patients with a new tool to help people recently diagnosed with T2D achieve remission independent of medication and without weight loss as the primary focus. Future research is needed with a larger and more diverse sample.
Investigación en la Interpelación Política -Caso Guatemala-
Authors: Cadavid Plata Sandra 
Published: January 2022

La interpelación es una práctica política, legítimamente democrática dentro de un Estado de Derecho, social y legítimamente reconocido. Por ende, como país reconocemos ese derecho, aunque políticamente hablando creemos que dichas interpelaciones deberían suceder en el marco de la resolución de conflictos en bienestar de la población y no meramente por intereses de los parlamentarios o de un bloque político. Esta práctica debe determinar de manera clara la gestión democrática y causal en la cual se desarrolla la gestión administrativa de la función pública para la cual se ha asignado al funcionario público, en vías del bien común de la sociedad guatemalteca.