bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CORRELATION OF DEMOGRAPHIC VARIATIONS WITH STAGING OF MULTIPLE MYELOMA PATIENTS IN THE KURDISTAN REGION OF IRAQ
Authors: Safar Banaz , Abdullah Basil , Shamoon Rawand , Hassan Mohammed , Mohammed Akram , Yassin Ahmed , Khoshnaw Najmaddin 
Published: January 2022

Background Multiple myeloma is a malignant proliferation of a single clone of plasma cells that produces monoclonal proteins. It is one of the most frequently diagnosed haematological malignancies. Objectives To explore the epidemiologic and demographic characteristics of multiple myeloma patients in this area and to study their relationship with the stage of the disease. Subject and Methods In this retrospective study, 176 multiple myeloma patients from the three governorates of the Iraqi Kurdistan region were diagnosed from June 2013 to December 2018. Their demographic and clinical characteristics and their laboratory and radiological results were analyzed and correlated with the disease stage. Results The patients’ median age at diagnosis was 61 years with a range of 35-89 years. The male to female ratio was 1.37:1. The majority of patients were of low social status from the urban areas. Bone pain was the most common presenting symptom encountered in 79% of patients. At the time of diagnosis, anaemia, pathological fractures, renal impairment, and infections were encountered in 62.55%, 21%, 19.9%, and 4.5%, respectively. At the time of diagnosis, 50.6% of the patients had stage II disease, 36.9% had stage III, and 12.5% had stages I disease. The demographic features did not have any significant relation with the stage of the disease. Conclusion Multiple myeloma patients in our locality are younger than what has been so far reported from the western world. Half of our cases presented with stage II disease.
SEVERE ENCEPHALITIS IN AN INFANT WITH COVID-19: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Sofijanova Aspazija , Jordanova Olivera , Hivi Khalaf 
Published: January 2022

Encephalitis is a severe condition that consists of neurological dysfunction caused by inflammation of the brain tissue. Etiological factors for the occurrence of this condition include infectious and non-infectious causes.
CASE REPORT
A nine-month-old infant was referred to the hospital in a convulsive state, fever, and disturbed consciousness to the hospital objectives. From anamnestic information, the infant has been febrile for two days with protracted vomiting started just before admission at the hospital. At admission, the infant looked toxic with fever, shortness of breath, weak reaction to painful stimuli, and generalized tonic-clonic convulsions. He was admitted to the Isolation Unit by the protocol of the hospital. Laboratory investigations were done. Due to the persistence of the seizure, a CT scan of the brain was performed. It was showing dilated lateral ventricles, with intraventricular masses and pronounced internal hydrocephalus. The results of SARS-COV-2 from the infant were positive as well as the grandmother. The infant was intubated immediately and put on mechanical ventilation SIPPV.
Conclusion
SARS-CoV-2 infection may cause severe clinical symptoms, neurological manifestations, and encephalitis in infants.
Evaluation of the Effect of Nitrofurantoin Paste as an Intracanal Medicament on the Chemical Structure of Radicular Dentine
Authors: Abdulrahman Mewan , Faraj Bestoon , Dizaye Kawa 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To investigate the effects of a new intracanal medicament (nitrofurantoin paste) on radicular dentin's chemical structure compared with modified triple antibiotic paste (MTAP).
Methods: A total of 9 extracted human maxillary canine teeth were used. After cutting the crowns, the root length was standardized to 15 mm. Three 5 mm root cylinders (coronal, middle, and apical) thirds were obtained. Each cylinder was then sectioned longitudinally across the root canal's maximum diameter, resulting in six half-root specimens; two coronal halves, two middle halves, and two apical halves. Then each specimen was divided into three groups. Group 1: 25mg/mL Nit paste, Group 2: 25mg/mL MTAP, and Group 3: (Untreated). Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) with a diamond attenuated total reflectance (ATR) accessory was used to obtain infrared spectra to analyze dentin specimens. The data were analyzed statistically using one-way ANOVA and Tukey test, and significant differences were used for statistical analyses.
Results: Dentin thirds treated with MTAP had a lower phosphate/amide I ratio (p < 0.05) than Nit paste compared with the untreated group. Moreover, the phosphate/amide I ratio was highest in the apical third and decreased to the lowest value in the coronal third. The differences among all three-thirds were statistically significant.
Conclusions: According to the current study results, at the concentration of (25 mg/mL), nitrofurantoin paste minimizes the reduction of phosphate/amide I ratio of the radicular dentine compared with the 25mg/mL MTAP.
The predictive value indicators of first trimester biochemical screening in assessing unfavorable factors of pregnancy course in women with HIV as well as hepatitis B and C
Authors: Pseush S. Yu. , Zozulya L. V. , Mikhaleva L. L. 
Published: January 2022

Aim: to find out the predictive value of blood serum biochemical parameters PAPP-A (pregnancy-associated plasma protein A) and β-hCG (beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin) in the assessment of unfavorable pregnancy outcomes in women infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as well as viral hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV).Materials and Methods. A retrospective study of the medical records from 52 women was carried out, including 19 HIV-infected women, 9 women with monoinfection HBV or HCV, 11 pregnant women who were co-infected (HIV/HBV or HIV/HCV) and 13 uninfected women. PAPP-A and β-hCG levels, expressed as MoM (multiple of median), were evaluated in all women.Results. Our study revealed that only PAPP-A was prognostically significant for developing chronic placental insufficiency in women with HIV infection and co-infection of HIV together hepatitis B and C. None of the parameters examined were significant in women with HBV or HCV monoinfection. PAPP-A and β-hCG in pregnant women without infections were effective in predicting development of chronic placental insufficiency.Conclusion. PAPP-A can be used as a diagnostic parameter of developing chronic placental insufficiency in pregnant women with monoinfection HIV and co-infection with HIV/HBV or HIV/HCV.
Teaching learning process in ancient ayurvedic text - Charak Samhita
Authors: Deepak M Vyas , Pragati Waghmare , Suwarna D Vyas 
Published: January 2022

The word Ayurveda consists of two words ‘Ayu’ means life and ‘Veda’ means knowledge. Therefore the word Ayurveda, means knowledge of life i.e. study of life. In Ayurveda the teaching and learning was based on “Gurukula” system of education. A “Gurukula” was a place where a teacher (Guru) and students lived together. There were three ways for obtaining the knowledge i.e. Adhyayanam (Study/learning), Adhyapanam (teaching) and Tadvid Sambhasha (discussions) with the learned persons. Ayurveda suggest that in order to get expertise in any subject one should have the basic knowledge of the concepts. Other teaching and learning methods should be adopted which help to acquire more and accurate knowledge in that subject while practical training should be provided for application of that knowledge. Study of a single science gives only limited understanding, therefore one should also get knowledge of other sciences. To explain different concepts in Ayurveda Acharya Charak has given various methods of teaching and learning. The Roots of most of the current teaching methodology resides in ancient teaching and learning skills. Hence here is an attempt to review various teaching, learning methods used in Charak Samhita. Teaching learning process is very well applied in Charak Samhita. It is the very first school of Ayurveda with various techniques and scholarly approach of subjects to students. Charak Samhita develops its own teaching learning process. It is the most important text in the field of Ayurveda Teaching Learning Process.
Paradigm shift in teaching-learning from classroom to virtual mode – Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Sirdesai Nivedita , Saraf Chhaya , Gade Shubhada 
Published: January 2022

Since the unprecedented declaration of lockdown there has been a paradigm shift in medical education from chalk and board to virtual mode imposing both challenges and opportunities to faculty and students alike. As guest lecture is an innovative way of pedagogy we addressed them through an online talk to analyse the preferences towards sudden change in medical education. Students and faculty were addressed about the paradigm shift in teaching learning methods through an online guest lecture and the attendees answered a feedback questionnaire on different Teaching Learning methods. Based on responses to the questions results were plotted in Microsoft Excel and completed questionnaires were analyzed for statistics. : 90% of students and 100% of faculty found online guest lecture interesting and opined positively about having more online lectures in academic year. As far as teaching learning method is concerned both faculty and as students preferred offline/ traditional/ classroom teaching. : Online guest lecture offers more opportunities than challenges for both faculty and students. Arranging online guest lectures is economical, cost effective, has ease of attending from place of convenience provided robust internet connection is ensured, eliminates travel time as well as reduces the programme budget. Hence more number of virtual guest lectures can be arranged in an academic year for benefit of medical undergraduates. It is a novel platform for student teacher interaction and arrangement of more and more online guest lectures from eminent speakers excelling in various superspecialities should be encouraged.
Impact of Collaborative Learning on Student Teachers’ Comprehension and Attitudes Towards Environmental Education Concepts in Chemistry
Authors: Kamanga Golden , Shumba Overson 
Published: January 2022

The study explored the impact of of collaborative learning on student teachers’ comprehension and attitudes towards environmental education concepts in Chemistry. The study involved 64 student teachers studying environmental chemistry at Mufulira College of Education in Zambia. The action research adopted a pre-test post-test quasi-experimental design. The students were randomly assigned to the two intervention groups. In both groups students had opportunities to learn pollution, waste management and climate change. In the experimental group they used team based learning while in the comparison group students used think-pair-share learning. Overall, learners’ attitudes towards chemistry were improved from pre-test to post-test in both the experimental group. Results from the achievement test revealed a statistically significant difference (t (df, 62) = 2.030, p = .024 at α = .05) between the mean scores of the experimental group (Mean = 69.75; SD = 13.853) and the comparison group (Mean = 60.67; SD = 14.501) after the experimental Phase. Overall, both forms of collaborative learning incorporating environmental education concepts and issues in Chemistry had a positive impact on learners’ comprehension and attitudes towards chemistry.
Impact Assessment for Sustainable Project Management And Pension Funds Projects Performance In Kenya
Authors: Gitau Olive , Sang Paul 
Published: January 2022

Sustainability is an evolving area of research and is grabbing the attention of corporations, research communities, and regulatory bodies worldwide which had enhanced its implementation. The prevailing trend towards economic growth in developing countries has resulted in a huge demand for delivering construction projects which in turn has overshadowed sustainability concerns. Consequently, project managers in developing countries are lagging in embracing the concept of sustainability in managing projects. Specific focus has been given to construction projects in the pension industry in Kenya. To address this challenge, the paper explored sustainable project management based on a comprehensive literature review through a desk review of numerous academic journal articles to evaluate pension funds projects performance. Three theories were used to provide a foundation for the sustainable project management practices: stakeholder theory, the Triple Bottom Line (3BL) concept which captures the essence of sustainability and theory of risk management. The study established that current project management practices of Kenyan Pension Funds do not always ensure project success that secure desired market returns on these investments. As the pension schemes are also expected to continue to invest in alternative assets given the broadening of the allowable investment categories and to take advantage of the public infrastructural projects under the big four agenda (RBA, 2021), it becomes paramount to identify and implement sustainable project management practices for performance of the pension funds projects. The outcome of this research showed that sustainability goals and environmental and social impact assessment contribute towards pension funds projects performance. The moderating effect of the regulatory framework was determined to be supportive towards sustainable pension funds projects performance.
Percepção de Risco na Internacionalização de Empresas Familiares
Authors: Spengler Isabella , Floriani Dinorá Eliete 
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: O estudo tem como objetivo compreender como a percepção de risco afeta o processo de internacionalização em empresas familiares.
Método: O presente artigo apresenta uma abordagem qualitativa e se utiliza da estratégia de estudo de caso. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com gestores familiares e não-familiares de duas empresas familiares.
Principais resultados: Identifica-se convergência entre os modelos teóricos e empíricos com a complementariedade de duas novas categorias de análise no modelo empírico, objetivos estratégicos e operacionalização por não familiar, que influenciam na relação e podem resultar em maior ou menor grau de internacionalização.
Relevância/originalidade: A percepção de risco é um importante aspecto na internacionalização de empresas familiares de países emergentes e se faz necessário intensificar estudos que analisem seus efeitos nas estratégias internacionais. O presente estudo apresenta a influência de duas categorias que se mostraram relevantes ao processo de internacionalização de EFs, além dos efeitos já verificados na literatura, os objetivos estratégicos e operacionalização por não familiar.
Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: Este estudo contribui com a inserção dos objetivos estratégicos e a presença de um gestor externo à família frente à internacionalização que atenuam a percepção de risco e contribuem para estratégias de maior envolvimento internacional. Quando constatado a familiness entre os gestores dos casos estudados, percebeu-se uma capacidade dos mesmos transferirem este valor para membros não-familiares. Esses aspectos podem se tornar uma barreira para a internacionalização. Por outro lado, as empresas familiares podem, por meio das conexões estabelecidas, reavaliar suas estratégias a fim de se obter melhores resultados na internacionalização.
Surgery of hypertensive intracranial hematomas using one-portal mini-access and video endoscopic assistance
Authors: Svyatochevsky P. A. , Gulyaev D. A. , Chistova I. V. , Shchukina T. V. , Vasiliev E. Y. , Aleksandrov N. V. , Kaurova T. A. 
Published: January 2022

Background. Hypertensive intracranial hemorrhage is an extremely serious complication of hypertension, which accounts for 10 % to 20 % of all cerebral strokes. About 50 % patients die within the next year, and their 5-year survival rate does not exceed 30 %. Objective. To study the effectiveness of surgical treatment of hypertensive intracranial hematomas using one-portal mini-access and video endoscopic assistance. Design and methods. The study included 23 patients with supratentorial intracerebral hypertensive hematomas aged 26 to 70 years (median age 55 (50; 61) years). All patients underwent one-portal endoscopic surgery. The median volume of intracerebral hematoma, calculated according to the Tada formula, was 50 (40; 60) ml. The comparison group included 28 patients who received conservative treatment. The dynamics of the severity was assessed using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), NIHSS, Rankin, Rivermead scales upon admission to the hospital, on days 3 and 7 of treatment, at discharge for outpatient treatment, and after 6 months.Results. There were no lethal outcomes in either the main group or the comparison group. The hematoma was removed totally in all patients, which was accompanied by a rapid improvement of general cerebral symptoms and, as a consequence, an increase in GCS values from 13 (12; 14) to 13 (12; 15) points by 3rd day after the disease onset. By the 7th day, there was a slow positive dynamic in both groups, however, all patients still had a pronounced or severe disability according to the Rankin scale. After 6 months, patients who underwent surgical treatment showed faster and more complete recovery. Conclusions. The results of the study are consistent with current worldwide data on the effectiveness of modern endoscopic technologies in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in relation to the rate and degree of regression of neurological loss.
VALUATION OF LEARNING PHYSICAL EDUCATION LEARNING IN THE PANDEMIC TIME OF COVID-19 IN SMK AL-HIDAYAH I
Authors: Putranto R. Tamtomo , Sukur Abdul , Marlina Siregar Nofi 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to find out how much the effectiveness level of physical education online learning
during the COVID-19 pandemic at SMK Al-Hidayah 1 Jakarta Class X students. The research method used was a descriptive qualitative researchmethod, namely a survey using Google form media which done in their respective homes. The population in this study were students of SMK Al-Hidayah 1 Jakarta. Grade X students totaling 268 students and using a sample of 38 students in the same class. This study used an instrument inthe form of a questionnaire with variables. This research includes three aspects of affective, cognitive and psychomotor. Affective here uses aresearch instrument in the form of a questionnaire to obtain research data with a total of 18 questions with answer options Strongly Agree (SS),Agree (S), Disagree (TS) Strongly Disagree (STS) Based on the results of research analysis and discussion, it can be concluded that the level ofphysical education learning during the COVID-
19 pandemic can be broken down as follows, the affective category average is 33.56, the cognitive average is 89.59
and the psychomotor is 69.41. From the three data, it was found that the average level of learning effectiveness was
67.27 with a poor category.
A thermodynamic origin for the Cohen-Kaplan-Nelson bound
Authors: Ramakrishna Satish 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The Cohen-Kaplan-Nelson bound is imposed on the grounds of logical consistency (with classical General Relativity) upon local quantum field theories. This paper puts the bound into the context of a thermodynamic principle applicable to a field with a particular equation of state in an expanding universe. This is achieved without overtly appealing to either a decreasing density of states or a minimum coupling requirement, though they might still be consistent with the results described. We do so by defining an appropriate Helmholtz free energy which when extremized relative to a key parameter (the Hubble radius L) provides a scaling formula for the entropy with the Hubble radius (an exponent r used in the text). We deduce that the CKN bound is one possible solution to this extremization problem (with r = 3/2 ), but there are others consistent with r = 2. The paper establishes that the holographic principle applied to cosmology is consistent with minimizing the free energy of the universe in the canonical ensemble, upon the assumption that the ultraviolet cutoff is a function of the causal horizon scale.
DHHFL-MABAC Approach based on DHHFLDM-LCME for Multi-criteria Group Decision Making Involving Sewage Treatment Company Selection
Authors: Xian Sidong , Yan Zhaoyu , Wan Wenhua 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
With the continuous acceleration of urban construction and development, ecological governance has become an important part of our green life. Therefore, how to select the appropriate governance company in the complex decision-making environment is very important. A double hierarchy hesitant fuzzy linguistic multi-attributive border approximation area method (DHHFL-MABAC) is proposed in this paper, which is based on distance measure and comprehensive weight. DHHFL-MABAC method not only considers the potential loss, but also has simple calculation and stable results. The double hierarchy hesitant fuzzy linguistic distance measure based on least common multiple (DHHFLDM-LCME) is proposed, which reduces the loss of original information and makes the result more accurate. Binary contrast method is proposed and combined with entropy weight to obtain comprehensive weight, which makes the determined weight more reasonable. Finally, this method is applied to the case selected by the sewage treatment company and proved its effectiveness.
Assessment of meteorological settings on air quality modeling system - a proposal for UN-SDG and regulatory studies in non-homogeneous regions in Brazil
Authors: Silva Mauricio Soares da , Pimentel Luiz Cláudio Gomes , Duda Fernando Pereira , Aragão Leonardo , Silva Corbiniano , Dragaud Ian Cunha D'Amato Viana , Vicentini Pedro Caffaro 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Air quality models are essential tools to meet the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN-SDG) because they are effective in guiding public policies for the management of air pollutant emissions and their impacts on the environment and human health. Despite its importance, Brazil still lacks a guide for choosing and setting air quality models for regulatory purposes. Based on this, the current research aims to assess the combined WRF/CALMET/CALPUFF models for representing SO2 dispersion over non-homogeneous regions as a regulatory model for policies in Brazilian Metropolitan Regions to satisfy the UN-SDG. The combined system was applied to the Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Region (RJMR), which is known for its physiographic complexity. In the first step, the WRF model was evaluated against surface-observed data. The local circulation was underestimated, while the prevailing observational winds were well-represented. In the second step, it was verified that all CALMET three meteorological configurations performed better for the most frequent wind speed classes, so that the largest SO2 concentrations errors occurred during light winds. Among the meteorological settings in WRF/CALMET/CALPUFF, the joined use of observed and modeled meteorological data yielded the best results for the dispersion of pollutants. This result emphasizes the relevance of meteorological data composition in complex regions with unsatisfactory monitoring given the inherent limitations of prognostic models and the excessive extrapolation of observed data that can generate distortions of reality. This research concludes with the proposal of the WRF/CALMET/CALPUFF air quality regulatory system as a supporting tool for policies in the Brazilian Metropolitan Regions in the framework of the UN-SDG, particularly in non-homogeneous regions where steady-state Gaussian models are not applicable.