bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early neurodevelopmental reflex impairments in a rodent model of cerebral palsy
Authors: Ho Dini , Sanches Eduardo F. , Sizonenko Stephane V. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCerebral palsy (CP) causes sensorimotor disabilities due to injury to the developing brain. Experimental models do not always induce the CP phenotype completely. Early neurological assessment predicts future impairments and is valuable during development. Using a rodent model characterized by brain injury caused by maternal inflammation and perinatal anoxia, and sensorimotor restriction (experimental cerebral palsy [ECP]), we describe early neurodevelopmental delays by assessing reflexes in a stage corresponding to the brain development of term infants (Postnatal Day [P] 8 in rats). Pregnant Wistar rats were injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 200 μg/kg) (n = 6) or saline (n = 4) on Embryonic Days 18/19. Following delivery, 87 male and female pups were used. At P0, injured animals were exposed to anoxia for 20′. From P2 to P21, ECP rats were subjected to hindlimb movement restriction for 16 h/day. ECP group had impaired righting reflex and negative geotaxis and, interestingly, performed home bedding test better than controls. From P7, ECP animals showed decreased body weight compared with controls. Overall, data provide evidence showing that this CP model based on the association of brain damage followed by sensorimotor restriction mimics CP delays and highlights the valuable information given by early neurological assessment during the establishment of the CP phenotype.
The perfect storm: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) associated with COVID‐19, a clinical case series and review
Authors: Melissa Neumann , Adit Singhal , Junaid Habibullah , Sean Dhar 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis is a case series of three patients in our hospital system who developed acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (aTTP) after testing positive for COVID‐19 infection. Two patients had acute COVID‐19 infections, and one had COVID‐19 IgG antibodies consistent with prior COVID‐19 infection. Twelve additional cases of aTTP after COVID‐19 infection were found in the literature. COVID‐19 creates alterations in the vWF‐ADAMTS‐13 axis with reduced ADAMTS‐13 in acute illness that may lead those patients who are predisposed into fulminant aTTP. Further genetic studies are necessary to uncover why some patients with COVID‐19 can have concurrent aTTP. For those with a prior COVID‐19 infection, molecular mimicry with autoantibodies to ADAMTS‐13 is likely the predominant trigger, but having an underlying predisposition (prior episode of TTP, genetic predisposition to autoimmune conditions, or breast cancer history) creates an environment that could be a possible trigger for aTTP.
Transport and Golgi organization 2 deficiency with a prominent elevation of C14:1 during a metabolic crisis: A case report
Authors: Yokoi Katsuyuki , Nakajima Yoko , Takahashi Yoshihisa , Hamajima Takashi , Tajima Go , Saito Kazuyoshi , Miyai Shunsuke , Inagaki Hidehito , Yoshikawa Tetsushi , Kurahashi Hiroki , Ito Tetsuya 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMutations in transport and Golgi organization 2 homolog (TANGO2) have recently been described as a cause of an autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by episodes of metabolic crisis associated with rhabdomyolysis, cardiac arrhythmias, and neurodegeneration. Herein, we report a case of a one‐and‐a‐half‐year‐old Japanese girl, born to nonconsanguineous parents, who presented with metabolic crisis characterized by hypoglycemia with hypoketonemia, rhabdomyolysis, lactic acidosis, and prolonged corrected QT interval (QTc) at the age of 6 months. Acylcarnitine analysis during the episode of crisis showed prominent elevation of C14:1, suggesting very‐long‐chain acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD) deficiency. In addition, worsening rhabdomyolysis was observed after intravenous administration of L‐carnitine. VLCAD deficiency was initially suspected; however, the enzyme activity in lymphocytes was only mildly decreased at the gene carrier level, and no mutation in the VLCAD gene (ADADVL) was detected. Subsequently, acylcarnitine analysis was nonspecific at 17‐h fasting and almost normal during the stable phase. Eventually, a trio whole‐exome sequencing revealed a compound heterozygous variant of two novel variants in the TANGO2 gene, a missense variant, and a deletion of exon 7. This is the first case of TANGO2 deficiency in Asians. Our case suggests that elevated C14:1 may be seen in severe metabolic crises and that the use of L‐carnitine should be avoided during metabolic crises.
Reliability of Continuous Shear Wave Elastography in the Pathological Patellar Tendon
Authors: Ito Naoaki , Sigurðsson Haraldur B. , Pohlig Ryan T. , Cortes Daniel H. , Grävare Silbernagel Karin , Sprague Andrew L. 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesPatellar tendon injuries occur via various mechanisms such as overuse, or due to surgical graft harvest for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Quantified patellar tendon stiffness after injury may help guide clinical care. Continuous shear wave elastography (cSWE) allows for the assessment of viscosity and shear modulus in tendons. The reliability of the measure, however, has not been established in the patellar tendon. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interrater reliability, intrarater reliability, and between‐day stability of cSWE in both healthy and pathological patellar tendons.MethodsParticipants with patellar tendinopathy (n = 13), history of ACLR using bone‐patellar tendon‐bone autograft (n = 9), and with no history of patellar tendon injury (n = 13) were recruited. cSWE was performed 4 times by multiple raters over 2 days. Intraclass correlations (ICC) and minimum detectable change (MDC95%) were calculated.ResultsGood to excellent between‐day stability were found for viscosity (ICC = 0.905, MDC95% = 8.3 Pa seconds) and shear modulus (ICC = 0.805, MDC95% = 27.4 kPa). The interrater reliability measures, however, were not as reliable (ICC = 0.591 and 0.532).ConclusionscSWE is a reliable assessment tool for quantifying patellar tendon viscoelastic properties over time. It is recommended, however, that a single rater performs the measure as the interrater reliability was less than ideal.
Impact of no‐tillage on soil quality and crop yield in Asia: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Hashimi Rahmatullah , Kaneko Nobuhiro , Komatsuzaki Masakazu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNo‐tillage (NT) (or zero‐tillage) has been widely used to mitigate the adverse effects caused by intensive tillage. However, the long‐term effectiveness of NT is highly dependent on agriculture field management, soil type, and climatic conditions. NT under different climatic condition fluctuations and soil conditions has not also been considered adequately in Asia. Furthermore, the high demand for food production in Asia requires a deeper understanding of the impact of NT on soil properties and crop production. Therefore, this meta‐analysis was conducted using 64 peer‐reviewed articles to evaluate the effects of NT on soil organic carbon (SOC), soil carbon storage, mean weight diameter (MWD), bulk density, water‐stable aggregates, water content, other soil chemical properties, and yield responses. Our results showed that NT significantly increased SOC content overall than conventional tillage (CT). Likewise, as observed at a 0–10 cm soil depth, SOC content significantly increased by 77.0% in NT compared to CT. Alternatively, although overall, NT favoured the accumulation of soil C by 53.2% than CT, and this difference was even more impressive at the 0–10 cm layer by 77.0% than CT. Moreover, overall NT significantly increased MWD, soil available P, and >2 mm aggregates than CT. In contrast, even though NT did not significantly decrease smaller than the 0.25 mm aggregates than CT in the 0–10 cm layer, NT increased exchangeable K by 81.0% than CT. Results also showed that while NT and CT had no significant effects on crop yield, NT slightly increased soybean and wheat yield, and CT increased rice and maize yield than NT. Based on these results, NT is proposed as a promising practice to enhance soil quality and is plausible to increase crop yield in Asia.
Treated large posterior fossa vestibular schwannoma and meningioma: Hearing outcome and willingness‐to‐accept brain implant for unilateral deafness
Authors: Jiam Nicole T. , Gillard Danielle M. , Morshed Ramin A. , Bhutada Abhishek S. , Crawford Ethan D. , Braunstein Steve W. , Henderson Sabes Jennifer , Theodosopoulos Philip V. , Cheung Steven W. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground/ObjectiveTo compare functional hearing and tinnitus outcomes in treated large (~ 3 cm) vestibular schwannoma (VS) and posterior fossa meningioma cohorts, and construct willingness‐to‐accept profiles for an experimental brain implant to treat unilateral hearing loss.MethodsA two‐way MANOVA model with two independent variables (tumor type; time from treatment) and three dependent variables (hearing effort of tumor ear; abbreviated Speech, Spatial, and Qualities of Hearing scale (SSQ12); Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI)) was used to analyze data from VS (N = 32) and meningioma (N = 50) patients who were treated at a tertiary care center between 2010 and 2020. A query to probe acceptance of experimental treatment for hearing loss relative to expected benefit was used to construct willingness‐to‐accept profiles.ResultsTumor type was statistically significant on the combined dependent variables analysis (F[3, 76] = 19.172, p < .0005, Wilks' Λ = 0.569). Meningioma showed better outcome for hearing effort (F[1, 76] = 14.632, p < .0005) and SSQ12 (F[1, 76] = 16.164, p < .0005), but not for TFI (F[1, 76] = 1.247, p = .268) on univariate two‐way ANOVA analyses. Superior hearing effort and SSQ12 indices in the short‐term (< 2 years) persisted in the long‐term (> 2 years) (p ≤ .017). At the 60% speech understanding level, 77% of respondents would accept an experimental brain implant.ConclusionHearing outcome is better for posterior fossa meningioma compared to VS. Most patients with hearing loss in the tumor ear would consider a brain implant if the benefit level would be comparable to a cochlear implant.Level of Evidence2
Carbon content, carbon fixation yield and dissolved organic carbon release from diverse marine nitrifiers
Authors: Bayer Barbara , McBeain Kelsey , Carlson Craig A. , Santoro Alyson E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNitrifying microorganisms, including ammonia‐oxidizing archaea, ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria, and nitrite‐oxidizing bacteria, are the most abundant chemoautotrophs in the ocean and play an important role in the global carbon cycle by fixing dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) into biomass. The release of organic compounds by these microbes is not well quantified, but may represent an as‐yet unaccounted source of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) available to marine food webs. Here, we provide measurements of cellular carbon and nitrogen quotas, DIC fixation yields and DOC release of 10 phylogenetically diverse marine nitrifiers. All investigated strains released DOC during growth, representing on average 5–15% of the fixed DIC. Changes in substrate concentration and temperature did not affect the proportion of fixed DIC released as DOC, but release rates varied between closely related species. Our results also indicate previous studies may have underestimated DIC fixation yields of marine nitrite oxidizers due to partial decoupling of nitrite oxidation from CO2 fixation, and due to lower observed yields in artificial compared to natural seawater medium. The results of this study provide critical values for biogeochemical models of the global carbon cycle, and help to further constrain the implications of nitrification‐fueled chemoautotrophy for marine food‐web functioning and the biological sequestration of carbon in the ocean.
High frame rate deformation analysis of knee cartilage by spiraldualMRIand relaxation mapping
Authors: Lee Woowon , Miller Emily Y. , Zhu Hongtian , Luetkemeyer Callan M. , Schneider Stephanie E. , Neu Corey P. 
Published: October 2022

PurposeDaily activities including walking impose high‐frequency cyclic forces on cartilage and repetitive compressive deformation. Analyzing cartilage deformation during walking would provide spatial maps of displacement and strain and enable viscoelastic characterization, which may serve as imaging biomarkers for early cartilage degeneration when the damage is still reversible. However, the time‐dependent biomechanics of cartilage is not well described, and how defects in the joint impact the viscoelastic response is unclear.MethodsWe used spiral acquisition with displacement‐encoding MRI to quantify displacement and strain maps at a high frame rate (25 frames/s) in tibiofemoral joints. We also employed relaxometry methods (T1, T1ρ, T2, T2*) on the cartilage.ResultsNormal and shear strains were concentrated on the bovine tibiofemoral contact area during loading, and the defected joint exhibited larger compressive strains. We also determined a positive correlation between the change of T1ρin cartilage after cyclic loading and increased compressive strain on the defected joint. Viscoelastic behavior was quantified by the time‐dependent displacement, where the damaged joint showed increased creep behavior compared to the intact joint. This technique was also successfully demonstrated on an in vivo human knee showing the gradual change of displacement during varus load.ConclusionOur results indicate that spiral scanning with displacement encoding can quantitatively differentiate the damaged from intact joint using the strain and creep response. The viscoelastic response identified with this methodology could serve as biomarkers to detect defects in joints in vivo and facilitate the early diagnosis of joint diseases such as osteoarthritis.
Asynchronous magnetic resonance elastography: Shear wave speed reconstruction using noise correlation of incoherent waves
Authors: Nguyen Khoi D. , Bonner Benjamin P. , Foster Anna N. , Sadighi Mehdi , Nguyen Christopher T. 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThe noninvasive measurement of biological tissue elasticity is an evolving technology that enables the robust characterization of soft tissue mechanics for a wide array of biomedical engineering and clinical applications. We propose, design, and implement here a new MRI technique termed asynchronous magnetic resonance elastography (aMRE) that pushes the measurement technology toward a driverless implementation. This technique can be added to clinical MRI scanners without any additional specialized hardware.TheoryAsynchronous MRE is founded on the theory of diffuse wavefields and noise correlation previously developed in ultrasound to reconstruct shear wave speeds using seemingly incoherent wavefields. Unlike conventional elastography methods that solve an inverse problem, aMRE directly reconstructs a pixel‐wise mapping of wave speed using the spatial–temporal statistics of the measured wavefield.MethodsIncoherent finger tapping served as the wave‐generating source for all aMRE measurements. Asynchronous MRE was performed on a phantom using a Siemens Prismafit as an experimental validation of the theory. It was further performed on thigh muscles as a proof‐of‐concept implementation of in vivo imaging using a Siemens Skyra scanner.ResultsNumerical and phantom experiments show an accurate reconstruction of wave speeds from seemingly noisy wavefields. The proof‐of‐concept thigh experiments also show that the aMRE protocol can reconstruct a pixel‐wise mapping of wave speeds.ConclusionAsynchronous MRE is shown to accurately reconstruct shear wave speeds in phantom experiments and remains at the proof‐of‐concept stage for in vivo imaging. After further validation and improvements, it has the potential to lower both the technical and monetary barriers of entry to measuring tissue elasticity.
Preparation and characterization of natural melanin and its nanocomposite formed by copper doping
Authors: Khouqeer Ghada , Alghrably Mawadda , Madkhali Nawal , Dhahri Manel , Jaremko Mariusz , Emwas Abdul‐Hamid 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNatural Melanins have received great interest due to their structural, thermostability, electrochemical and paramagnetic properties. Pure melanin (Mel) is extracted from Nigella Sativa seeds and doped with Copper (Cu‐Mel) to form nano‐composite melanin using wet chemical methods. Several analytics techniques are utilized to evaluate the effects of cop‐per doping on the characteristics of melanin. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is employed to measure the thermal stability of Cu‐Mel relative to Mel. The morphological characterization is explored using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) while X‐Ray Diffraction (XRD) is used to probe the samples’ structure. Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) is employed to study the magnetic properties of the prepared samples at 10 and 300K. Chemical properties are determined by Spectroscopic techniques such as UV–Vis spectroscopy, RAMAN spectroscopy, Fourier‐Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The results show that Mel and Cu‐Mel are non‐crystalline with different structural, optical, and magnetic properties. The EPR analysis provided evidence of copper coordination with herbal Mel and the copper doping improved the magnetic properties of Mel from diamagnetic to paramagnetic at low temperature (10K). Overall, this investigation shows that Mel and Cu‐Mel are non‐crystalline with different structural and magnetic properties.
Finite‐time secure state estimation for a class of switched systems subject to deception attacks
Authors: Song Haiyu , Yao Hongyi , Zhang Zhiqiang , Zheng Zhouqiang , Wu Haiyan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article is concerned with the finite‐time secure state estimation problem for switched systems subject to malicious attacks. The sensor data is considered transmissible via a non‐secure communication network environment, where the communication channel might be subject to deception attacks. By dividing the sensor data that is subject to attacks into two parts, related and unrelated to the original measurements, a switched secure state estimation error system model is established. Moreover, based on the average dwell time method, sufficient conditions are derived for the switched secure state estimation error system to be finite‐time stable, as well as finite‐time boundedness. An existence condition of the finite‐time secure state estimator gains with a desired performance is given. Subsequently, the finite‐time secure state estimator gains' design is transformed to solve a set of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, numerical examples are used in order to show the effectiveness of the proposed finite‐time secure state estimator design method.
ISPD 2022 debate—When offering a first trimester ultrasound at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 weeks, a detailed review of fetal anatomy should be included
Authors: Hui Lisa , Johnson Jo‐Ann , Norton Mary E. 
Published: October 2022

Key pointsWhat is already known about this topic?

Through the introduction of the nuchal translucency scan at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 weeks gestation for aneuploidy screening in the 1990s, the role of the first trimester scan has evolved to include an assessment of fetal anatomy.

Advances in ultrasound technology and expertise now mean that many fetal anomalies that were previously detected on the routine second trimester anatomy scan are now detected in the first trimester.

What does this study add?

This report summarizes the oral debate that was presented at the 22nd International Conference on Prenatal Diagnosis and Therapy in Montreal, Canada, on 21 June 2022.

Our maternal–fetal medicine experts argue for and against the proposition that a detailed review of fetal anatomy should be included in all scans performed at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 weeks gestation.
Vulcanization kinetics of acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber reinforced with graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide in the absence of co‐cure accelerator
Authors: Mensah Bismark , Bensah Yaw Delali , Nbelayim Pascal Sugri Fuseini , Oduro Emmanuel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe market demand for elastomeric‐graphene/derivatives nanosheets (GDS) materials is high nowadays, due to their excellent physico‐mechanical properties over traditional composites. However, the curing behavior of elastomeric‐GDS which influences the overall properties and also determines the cost of related products has not been well investigated. Previously, the curing properties of NBR‐graphene oxide (GO) and NBR‐reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was studied and the curatives (accelerator and activators) were suspected to have influence on their curing behavior. This study explores the curing behavior of NBR‐GO and NBR‐rGO in the absence of tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) accelerator. The virgin NBR exhibited shorter curing periods with higher curing rates (CRI) than the composites. The measured CRI showed close correlation with the activation energyEa, deduced from Ozawa and Kissinger kinetics models. The NBR‐rGO composites showed shorter scorch time and loweredEaat higher temperatures, with increased tensile properties than NB‐GO composites. Despite the delay, the composites exhibited high strength over the virgin NBR, due to tighter networks introduced by rGO and GO sheets within NBR. Therefore, future design of elastomer‐GDS‐based composites must involve a careful control of the amounts of the accelerator‐/co‐accelerator‐like TMTD in the mixtures for improved physico‐mechanical properties of the final product.
Description of U6719‐004 wheat germplasm with YrAS2388R stripe rust resistance introgression from Aegilops tauschii
Authors: Lopez Selena R. , Wiersma Andrew T. , Strauss Nikayla M. , Watkins Tara , Baik Byung‐Kee , Zhang Guorong , Sehgal Sunish K. , Kolb Frederic L. , Poland Jesse A. , Mason R. Esten , Carter Arron H. , Olson Eric L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn recent years, stripe rust has become an increasingly problematic disease affecting wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Although stripe rust resistance genes Yr28 and YrAS2388R have been successfully transferred from Aegilops tauschii Coss. to hexaploid wheat, these genes have not been widely used for stripe rust resistance breeding largely due to a lack of publicly available and well‐adapted germplasm. Here we describe U6719‐004 (Entry 538 of D‐genome nested association mapping population, Reg. No. MP‐14, NSL 536301 MAP), a hexaploid wheat germplasm carrying YrAS2388R stripe rust resistance derived from Ae. tauschii accession TA1718 that is well adapted to U.S. wheat production environments. U6719‐004 (KS05HW14‐3/3/KS05HW14‐3/TA1718//KS05HW14‐3) was developed using a combination of direct hybridization of TA1718 with the hard white winter wheat line KS05HW14‐3 followed by two rounds of backcrossing and three generations of single seed descent. U6719‐004 stripe rust resistance was characterized under controlled and natural conditions. Using gene‐based markers, TA1718 and U6719‐004 were confirmed to be YrAS2388R carriers. Grain yield for U6719‐004 was evaluated in 11 year‐by‐location environments across the United States. Grain quality parameters were measured in four year‐by‐location environments. Compared with the recurrent wheat parent KS05HW14‐3 and locally adapted check cultivars, the Ae. tauschii introgression had little to no impact on U6719‐004 grain yield or quality. The availability of U6719‐004 will enable the use of YrAS2388R for stripe rust resistance breeding efforts.