bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The genetic interplay between psychiatric disorders and breast cancer risk: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Zhihao , Fang Tian , Ji Fuqing , Lv Yonggang , Yin Yulong , Gao Shenghan , Zhang Mingkun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background Evidence of the association between psychiatric disorders, and breast cancer have been inconsistent, and their interpretation often encounters confounding factors. In this study, we used bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the genetic relationships between them. Methods We performed an MR analysis using publicly available genome-wide association studies of European ancestry to simultaneously examine the relationship between psychiatric disorders, and breast cancer risk. The inverse-variance weighted method for the assessment of the risk psychiatric disorders bring to breast cancer. Weighted media, and MR-Egger regression were used as sensitivity analyses. Results The MR analysis revealed that major depressive disorder (MDD) may increase the risk of overall breast cancer (odds ratio [OR] = 1.095, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.019-1.277, P = 0.014), but not the subtype of breast cancer. Schizophrenia (SCZ) was a risk factor for overall breast cancer (OR = 1.031, 95%CI = 1.012-1.050, P = 0.002), ER+ breast cancer (OR = 1.034, 95%CI = 1.012-1.057, P = 0.002) and ER- breast cancer (OR = 1.050, 95%CI = 1.017-1.084, P = 0.003). However, patients with breast cancer are less likely to have the risk of MDD and SCZ. Conclusion: Our results found that MDD may be a risk factor for overall breast cancer but is not related to its subtypes. SCZ may increase the risk of breast cancer and its subtypes.
Lectin-carbohydrate interactions by protein bioinformatics: Parkia lectins case study
Authors: Cavada Benildo Sousa , Osterne Vinicius Jose Silva , Domingos Jorge Luiz Coelho , Oliveira Messias Vital , Martins Francisco William Viana , Cruz Francisco Vinicius Rodrigues , Lima Francisco Edilcarlos Oliveira , Oliveira Henrique Sousa , Sousa Jeanlex Soares , Ferreira Wandemberg Paiva , Nascimento Kyria Santiago , Pinto-Junior Vanir Reis 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Lectins are proteins that reversibly bind to carbohydrates without altering their structures. These proteins are present in practically all living beings and exert different functions. Understanding the molecular basis underlying the interaction between lectins and carbohydrates can help elucidate many biological activities of lectins. Parkia lectins have unique structural features within the legume family. They have protomers that associate as dimers, each with 3 β-prism domains, very similar to Moraceae lectins. This pattern is not conserved in any other Leguminoseae lectins. Each domain is unique in composition, but all have specificity for D-mannose and derivatives. This work aims to use docking and molecular dynamics approaches to characterize the interaction between Parkia platycephala (PPL) and Parkia biglobosa (PBL) lectins and D-mannose, building, as a result, a model to study lectin-carbohydrate interactions in general. MD trajectories demonstrate the stability of the lectins, whether in their native state or interacting with D-mannose. In addition, both molecular mechanics with generalized Born solvation and surface area (MM/GBSA) and molecular mechanics/Poisson–Boltzmann surface area (MM/PBSA) were used. When combined with the Interaction Entropy (IE) method, the binding energy of each domain with D-mannose was calculated to determine the participation of each amino acid in each domain during carbohydrate interaction. Trajectory analysis, as performed herein, has allowed for the expansion of knowledge about lectin-carbohydrate interactions based on our model, as well as the residues responsible for the binding with monosaccharides, thus contributing to future studies of Parkia lectins.
The Moderating Effect of Digital Empowerment on the Relationships between Old Age and Online Services Related to Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korean
Authors: Nam Su-Jung 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Older adults experiencing difficulty using digital technology have to find Online Services Related to Coronavirus Disease. This study examined the relationship between age and the use of various online services related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the moderating effect of consumers’ digital empowerment in this relationship. Methods: A regression analysis was performed to examine how respondents’ characteristics affect consumer empowerment. Further, a general linear model was used to investigate the main and interaction effects of age and empowerment on the recognition and experience of services related to COVID-19 using the 2021 Information Divide Index in Korea. Results: The results confirm that the recognition and experience of online services related to COVID-19 differ according to age. Additionally, the difference according to age was moderated by consumer empowerment. Conclusion: When empowerment was high, the difference in recognition and experiences of online services related to COVID-19 decreased with age.
Electronic properties of f electrons near Fermi level via a comparative optical study of CeCoIn5 and LaCoIn5
Authors: Lee Myounghoon , Seo Yu-Seong , Roh Seulki , Lee Seokbae , Kim Jihyun , Park Tuson , Hwang Jungseek 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We investigated CeCoIn5 and LaCoIn5 single crystals, which have the same HoCoGa5-type tetragonal crystal structure, using infrared spectroscopy. However, while CeCoIn5 has 4f electrons, LaCoIn5 does not. By comparing these two material systems, we can extract the electronic properties of these f electrons. We observed that the differences caused by the f electrons are more obvious in low-energy optical spectra at low temperatures. We introduced a complex optical resistivity and found that the difference in optical resistivity between the two material systems is a clear indicator of the f electron response, which is intimately associated with the Kondo (f-electron) phenomena. From the temperature-related difference in optical resistivity, we also found that the onset temperature of the Kondo effect is much higher than what was previously reported. A large effective mass of 4f electrons for CeCoIn5 is obtained by applying the extended Drude model formalism. The effective masses of the two material systems are sharply contrasted. From this approach using optical resistivity, we demonstrate that the temperature-dependent optical properties of f electron can be extracted via a comparative study between CeCoIn5 and LaCoIn5.
Applicability of Lanatana camara weed in abatement of hexavalent chromium metal ion from textile industrial effluents
Authors: Yadav Anuj K. , Malik Davendra Singh , Jain C. K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The adsorption of hexavalent chromium ion onto weed (Lanatana camara shoots, LS) was studied in this work. The effect of pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial metal concentration and particle size were optimised in batch mode experiments. The surface morphology and surface functional groups were identified by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity was observed to be 0.58 mg/g at pH 2. The Cr(VI) removal efficiency from textile industrial effluents by LS adsorbent was observed as 76.13%. The Langmuir isotherm model suited well than Freundlich isotherm model. The experimental data were analyzed by using two kinetic models: pseudo first order and pseudo second order model. Pseudo second order model followed better than pseudo first order kinetic model. This study showed that LS can be robustly applied for the abatement of hexavalent chromium ion from industrial effluents.
Debranching enzymes decomposed corn arabinoxylan into xylooligosaccharides and achieved a prebiotic regulation of gut microbiota in broilers
Authors: Wu Wei , Zhou Huajin , Chen Yanhong , Guo Yuming , Yuan Jianmin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Corn arabinoxylan (AX) is a complicated and multi-branched antinutritional factor, thereby proving the use of endo-xylanase (EX) to be marginally valid. This study focused on specific types of AX-degrading enzymes (ADE) to exert the synergy of debranching enzymes and track prebiotic potential of enzymatic hydrolysates. It aimed to investigate the effects of ADE on growth performance, intestinal histomorphology, absorption functions, changes of polysaccharide components, fermentation, and gut microbiota of broilers. To this purpose, 576 five-day-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly allocated into eight treatments with six replicates each. Corn basal diets supplemented with or without enzymes were fed for a 21-day period, specifically including EX, its compatible use with arabinofuranosidase (EXA) or ferulic acid esterase (EXF), and compound groups with the above three enzymes (XAF).
RESULTS
Specific ADE stimulated the jejunal villus height and goblet cell number, and evidently decreased the crypt depth (P < 0.05), while the ratio of ileal villus height to crypt depth was significantly increased in EXF (P < 0.05). Maltase activities of ileal mucosa in XAF groups were extremely enhanced (P < 0.01), and EX boosted the activity of Na+-K+ ATPase in the small intestine (P < 0.01). The insoluble AX concentrations comparatively lessened, thereby notably raising the sundry xylooligosaccharide (XOS) yield in the ileal chyme (P < 0.05), which was dominant in xylobiose and xylotriose. Improvements in the abundance and diversity of ileal microbial communities within EXA, EXF, XAF treatments were observed (P < 0.05). Positive correlations between microbiota and XOS were revealed, with xylobiose and xylotriose being critical for ten beneficial bacteria (P < 0.05). EXF escalated the BWG and FCR of broilers in this phase (P < 0.05), attributing to the thriving networks modified by Lactobacillus. The intracecal contents of acetic acid, butyric acid, and propionic acid were greatly enhanced in most ADE groups such as EXF (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Debranching enzymes appreciably targeted corn AX to release prebiotic XOS in the posterior ileum and facilitated intracaecal fermentation. It was beneficial for improving gut development, digestion and absorption, and modulating the microflora to promote early performance of broilers.
Liquid assisted Grindstone Chemistry: An eco-friendly scalable approach for diverse Brønsted acid-catalyzed mechanochemical domino multicomponent reactions by employing the reactivity of cyclic 1,3-diketones at ambient conditions
Authors: Borah Biplob , Swain Sidhartha , Patat Mihir , Kumar Bhupender , Prajapat Ketan Kumar , Biswas Rathindranath , Chowhan L. Raju 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Here, we have demonstrated a metal-free energy-efficient mechanochemical approach for expedient access to a diverse set of 2-amino-3-cyano-aryl/heteroaryl-4H-chromenes, tetrahydrospiro[chromene-3,4´-indoline], 2,2'-aryl/heteroarylmethylene-bis(3-hydroxy-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-enone) as well as tetrahydro-1H-xanthen-1-one by employing the reactivity of 5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione/cyclohexane-1,3-dione with TsOH.H2O as Brønsted acid catalyst under water-assisted grinding conditions at ambient temperature. The ability to accomplish multiple C-C, C = C, C-O, and C-N bonds from readily available starting materials via a domino multicomponent strategy in the absence of metal-catalyst as well as volatile organic solvents with an immediate reduction in the cost of the transformation without necessitates complex operational procedures, features the significant highlights of this approach. The excellent yield of the products, broad functional group tolerances, easy set-up, column-free, scalable synthesis with ultralow catalyst loading, short reaction time, waste-free, ligand-free, and toxic-free, are other notable advantages of this approach. The greenness and sustainability of the protocol were also established by demonstrating several green metrics parameters.
Bone union and strength effect of Romosozumab: An imaging and mechanical study using a rat posterolateral lumbar fusion model
Authors: Mukaihata Tomohito , Inage Kazuhide , Shiga Yasuhiro , Kim Geundong , Tajiri Ikuko , Eguchi Yawara , Suzuki-Narita Miyako , Tsuchiya Ryuto , Otagiri Takuma , Hishiya Takahisa , Arai Takahito , Toshi Noriyasu , Okuyama Kohei , Tokeshi Soichiro , Furuya Takeo , Maki Satoshi , Matsuura Yusuke , Suzuki Takane , Hagiwara Shigeo , Kawarai Yuya , Ohtori Seiji , Orita Sumihisa 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effect of romosozumab on bone strength at the fusion site in rats that underwent posterolateral lumbar fusion. For bone grafting, autogenous bone was harvested from the spinous process and grafted between the intervertebral joint and transverse processes of the 4th, 5th, and 6th lumbar vertebra bilaterally along with 40 mg of demineralized bone matrix. Rats were matched by body weight and divided equally into R (romosozumab, 25 mg/kg) and C (control, saline) groups. Subcutaneous injections were administered twice a week until 10 weeks post-operation. Computed tomography was performed 10 weeks post-operation to measure bone fusion rate, fused bone volume, and bone density. The fused area bone strength was also measured using 3-point bending. Results showed that group R rats had significantly higher bone fusion zone volume, bone mineral density, and bone strength than group C rats. Thus, the results demonstrated that romosozumab administration not only promoted osteogenesis at the bone graft site but also affected bone strength. Conclusion We demonstrated that romosozumab administration not only promoted osteogenesis at the bone graft site but also affected bone strength.
Analysis of gas-solid two-phase flow and structure optimization of mobile shot blasting machine recovery device
Authors: Zhang Yinhang , Men Xiuhua , Pan Yongzhi , Zhang Tianyi , Jiang Zhenfeng , Fu Xiuli 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To address the problem of low efficiency of recycling process waste by gas-solid two-phase flow of the shot blasting machine recycling device, a method and structure by increasing the negative pressure value and optimizing the outlet pipe position are proposed. Methods: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), discrete element method (DEM) and discrete phase model (DPM) were used to study the waste recovery efficiency at different pressure outlet conditions and outlet pipe locations. The validity of the model was verified by velocity tests at the outlet and inlet compared with simulations. The effect of particle size and particle generation rate on solid particle recovery efficiency was further investigated by analyzing the flow field distribution of the recovery unit. The results show that: the maximum velocity of the gas phase in the recovery device increases with the increase of the absolute value of the outlet pressure, when the outlet pressure is -6500 Pa, the maximum velocity is 67.59 m/s. When the absolute value of the outlet pressure is greater than 6000 Pa, a small amount of steel shot particles is discharged from the recovery bin under the action of the outlet pressure, resulting in the loss of steel shot particles. After the outlet pipe position optimization, the steel shot particle recovery efficiency increased by 10% and the waste particle recovery efficiency increased by 18.9%.
Substantially elevated serum glutamate and CSF GOT-1 levels associated with cerebral ischemia and poor neurological outcomes, in SAH patients
Authors: Snider Silvia , Albano Luigi , Gagliardi Filippo , Comai Stefano , Roncelli Francesca , De Domenico Pier Francesco , Pompeo Edoardo , Panni Pietro , Bens Nicole , Calvi Maria Rosa , Mortini Pietro , Ruban Angela 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Early brain injury and cerebral vasospasm during the 14 days after the subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are considered the main causes of poor outcome. The primary injury induces a cascade of events, including increased intracranial pressure (ICP), cerebral vasospasm and ischemia, glutamate excitotoxicity, and neuronal cell death. The objective of this study was to monitor the time course of glutamate, aspartate, and glutamate-associated enzymes such as glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT1), glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum, during the first weeks after SAH, and to assess their prognostic value. A total of 74 participants participated in this study: 45 participants with SAH and 29 controls. Serum and CSF were sampled up to 14 days after SAH. The clinical and neurological status of SAH participants were assessed at hospitalization, at discharge from the hospital, and 3 months after SAH.Our results demonstrated that serum and CSF glutamate levels were consistently elevated after SAH. Furthermore, high serum glutamate levels displayed a positive correlation with the worst neurological status at admission, and with the cerebral ischemia and poor neurological outcome. CSF GOT1 was elevated in SAH participants and positively correlated with intracranial hypertension, with cerebral ischemia and poor neurological outcome post-SAH.
Assessment of the hematological profile of children with chronic kidney disease on follow-up at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College and Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Shenkut Melaku , Urgessa Fekadu , Alemu Rahel , Abebe Bezaye 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health issue with an increasing incidence and prevalence worldwide. In CKD, hematological parameters are influenced, and the effect increases with CKD stage. It is becoming more common in Ethiopia, and it is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, but there have been very few studies on the hematological profile of children with chronic kidney disease, on follow-up in general, and particularly among chronic kidney disease patients.Methods: At Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College in Addis Ababa, a cross-sectional study was carried out from March to June 2021. EDTA tubes were used to collect a total of 238 blood samples, which were then examined on a Beckman Coulter automated hematology analyzer. SPSS Version 20 was used for statistical analysis, and a logistic regression model was applied.Results: The total number of patients in the study was 238, with 42 (59.7%) of them being men. With a p-value of 0.05, there was a significant correlation and association with having co-morbidities such as hypertension and anemia, as well as a low range of Hgb in bivariate correlational analysis. In a multivariate regression analysis, eGFR-based CKD stages were strongly associated with a low range of hemoglobin concentration, with a p-value of 0.001. (0.000). Overall, 39 (or 16.4%) of CKD patients were anemic. In terms of age, 176 (73.9 %) of the children were over the age of five. The majority of the patients (81%) had CKD stage 1(34%). The study also found that having CKD for a longer period of time (> 5 years) and being hypertensive have an effect on the growth indicator MUAC, with a p-value of 0.0001 and 0.0001.Conclusion: The study found that the majority of study participants were in stages 1 to 3 based on their eGFR, which is significantly related to RBC, HGB, and HCT count. There is a need to improve multiple aspects of CKD management, including routine hematological tests for children with chronic kidney disease, specifically RBCs, Hgb, PLT, WBCs, and differential count.
A new post-operative prognostic System Combining CEA and CA199 for locally advanced rectal cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision
Authors: Sun Runzhuo , Zeng Yimiao , Fan Yuanyuan , Lin Dan , Du Siyu , Wang Xiaoyu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
We aimed to assess the prognostic value of the combination of post-operative CEA and CA199 in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by TME.
Methods
Combined serum tumor biomarkers (CSTB) score were defined: Score 0: post-operative CEA < 2.550 and post-operative CA199 < 16.36; Score 2: post-operative CEA > 2.550 and post-operative CA199 > 16.36. Score 1: Other situations. The clinical outcome were overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).
Results
According to multivariate analysis, for OS, only post-operative CA199 score were prognostic predictors, while post-operative CEA was not. For DFS, only CSTB score and perineural invasion were prognosis predictors.
Conclusion
This research revealed the novel scoring system combining postoperative CEA and CA199 had better prognostic value than those two index alone.
Using Ethnographic Approaches to Document, Evaluate, and Facilitate Virtual Community-Engaged Implementation Research
Authors: Rabin Borsika A. , Cain Kelli L. , Salgin Linda , Watson Paul , Oswald William , Kaiser Bonnie , Ayers Lawrence , Yi Crystal , Alegre Alexander , Ni Jessica , Reyes Allyn , Yu Kasey E. , Broyles Shelia L. , Tukey Robert , Laurent Louise C. , Stadnick Nicole A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Community Advisory Boards (CABs) have been frequently used to engage diverse partners to inform research projects. Yet, evaluating the quality of engagement has not been routine. We describe a multi-method ethnographic approach documenting and assessing partner engagement in two “virtual” CABs, for which we conducted all meetings remotely.
Methods
Two research projects for increasing equitable COVID-19 testing, vaccination, and clinical trial participation for underserved communities involved remote CAB meetings. Thirty-three partners representing 17 community groups participated in 15 sessions across the two CABs facilitated by a social change organization. We developed ethnographic documentation forms to assess multiple aspects of CAB member engagement (e.g., time spent speaking, modality used, types of interactions). Documenters were trained to observe CAB sub-groups via virtual sessions. Debriefing with the documentation team after CAB meetings supported quality assurance and process refinement. CAB members completed a brief validated survey after each meeting to assess the quality and frequency of engagement. Content and rapid thematic analysis were used to analyze documentation data. Quantitative data were summarized as frequencies and means. Qualitative and quantitative findings were triangulated.
Results
A total of 4,540 interactions were identified across 15 meetings. The most frequent interaction was providing information (44%), followed by responding (37–38%). The quality and frequency of stakeholder engagement were rated favorably (average 4.7 of 5). Most CAB members (96%) reported good/excellent engagement. Specific comments included appreciation for the diversity of perspectives represented by the CAB members and suggestions for improved live interpretation. Debriefing sessions led to several methodological refinements for the documentation process and forms.
Conclusions
We highlight key strategies for documenting and assessing community engagement. Our methods allowed for rich ethnographic data collection that refined our work with community partners. We recommend ongoing trainings, including debriefing sessions and routinely reviewed assessment of data to strengthen meaningful community engagement.