bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dakwah Bil Hikmah
Authors: Supriyanto Supriyanto 
Published: April 2022

Da'wah is a very important element in the delivery of Islamic teachings to the wider community. The progress and retreat of Muslims is very dependent on and related to the da'wah activities carried out by the preachers. One of the da'wah methods declared by the Qur'an is da'wah bil hikmah, namely da'wah that invites mankind in a wise way. Da'wah bil hikmah in the Qur'an is also expressed with delivery strategies or words that are qaulan baligha, qaulan karima, qaulan layyina, qaulan maisura, and qaulan ma'rufa. Therefore, this article will discuss the method of da'wah bil hikmah in the perspective of the Qur'an and the operation of da'wah bil hikmah through the principles of various delivery (qulan) narrated by the Qur'an.
Keywords: Da’wah, hikmah, qaulan, method

Abstrak
Dakwah merupakan salah satu unsur yang sangat penting dalam penyampaian ajaran Islam kepada masyarakat luas. Maju mundurnya umat Islam sangat bergantung dan berkaitan dengan kegiatan dakwah yang dilakukan oleh para dainya. Salah satu metode dakwah yang dideklarasikan oleh Al-Qur’an adalah dakwah bil hikmah yakni dakwah yang mengajak umat manusia dengan cara yang arif bijaksana. Dakwah bil hikmah dalam Al-Qur’an juga diekspresikan dengan strategi penyampaian atau perkataan yang bersifat qaulan baligha, qaulan karima, qaulan layyina, qaulan maisura, dan qaulan ma’rufa. Karena itu, artikel ini akan mendiskusikan metode dakwah bil hikmah dalam perspektif Al-Qur’an dan operasional dakwah bil hikmah melalui prinsip berbagai penyampaian (qulan) yang dinarasikan oleh Al-Qur’an.
Kata kunci: Da’wah, hikmah, qaulan, metode
Konektifitas Al-Quran: Studi Munasabah Antar Ayat Dan Ayat Sesudahnya Dalam Qs. Al-Isra’ Pada Tafsir Al-Misbah
Authors: Ghozali Ahmad , Saputra Indra 
Published: April 2022

This paper aims to determine the attitude of the commentators on munasabah in the interpretation of the Qur'an and the interpretation of M. Quraish Shihab towards the munasabah verse with the verse after it in QS. Al-Isra' on Tafsir Al-Misbah. This research is a qualitative research. Primary data sources in the form of Tafsir Al-Misbah by M. Quraish Shihab Volume 7, and secondary sources in the form of the book "Discourse on Al-Qur'an Munasabah in Tafsir Al-Misbah" by Hasani Ahmad Said and books on the 'ulum of the Qur'an' is related to the customer. Based on the analysis conducted, the research concludes that: 1) The attitudes of the scholars of interpretation towards munasabah are divided into three. First, there are those who agree (pro), second, there are those who do not agree (con), and thirdly, there are neither pro nor contra. 2) The munasabah verse with the verse after it in the QS. Al-Isra' in Tafsir Al-Misbah is 27 munasabah, which consists of several categories: tanzir (comparison) is mentioned 7 times, the letter ataf is mentioned 3 times, mudaddah (opposite) is mentioned 3 times, at-takhallus (transition) mentioned 7 times, istitrad (continued mention) is mentioned 7 times, tafsir (explanation) is mentioned 24 times, ta'kid (affirmation) is mentioned 9 times, i'tirad (refutation) is mentioned 3 times.
Keywords: Munasabah, QS. Al-Isra ', and Tafsir Al-Misbah
Abstrak
Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sikap para ulama tafsir tentang munasabah dalam penafsiran Al-Qur’an dan penafsiran M. Quraish Shihab terhadap munasabah ayat dengan ayat sesudahnya dalam QS. Al-Isra’ pada Tafsir Al-Misbah. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Sumber data primer berupa Tafsir Al-Misbah karya M. Quraish Shihab Volume 7, dan sumber sekunder berupa buku “Diskursus munasabah Al-Qur’an dalam Tafsir Al-Misbah” karya Hasani Ahmad Said serta buku-buku tentang ‘ulum Al-Qur’an berkaitan dengan munasabah. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan Langkah (1) mengumpulkan ayat-ayat yang mengandung munasabah (2) mengkategorisasi ayat-ayat yang bermunasabah, (2) menganalisa melalui tafsir al-misbah. Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan, penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa: 1) Sikap para ulama tafsir terhadap munasabah terbagi menjadi tiga. Pertama, ada yang menyetujui (pro), kedua, ada yang tidak menyetujui (kontra), dan ketiga, tidak pro dan juga tidak kontra. 2) Adapun munasabah ayat dengan ayat sesudahnya dalam QS. Al-Isra’ pada Tafsir Al-Misbah berjumlah 27 munasabah, yakni terdiri dari beberapa kategori: tanzir (perbandingan) 7 kali, huruf ataf 3 kali, mudaddah (berlawanan) 3 kali, at-takhallus (peralihan) 7 kali, istitrad (penyebutan lanjutan) 7 kali, tafsir (peknjelasan) 24 kali, ta’kid (penegasan) 9 kali, i’tirad (bantahan) 3 kali.
Kata kunci: Munasabah, QS. Al-Isra’, dan Tafsir Al-Misbah
Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku merokok di kalangan remaja
Authors: Wirawati Desmon , Sudrajat Sudrajat 
Published: April 2022

Factors influencing smoking behavior among adolescentsBackground: Base on research that the overall smoking prevalence among Indonesian adolescents is 7.2%. The prevalence is substantially higher among males compared to females. Smoking behavior started with curiosity and peer influence and also occurs because of the influence of the social environment.Purpose : To know the factors influencing smoking behavior among adolescentsMethod: A quantitative approach, the population is teenagers as student status at government Junior High School Kelapa Dua, Tangerang Banten and the sample is 659 respondents using a total sampling technique. The questionnaire had tested for validity and reliability before being used.The instrument used to measure the level of knowledge is a knowledge questionnaire using a true and false linker scale and analyzed using the chi-square test.Results: The finding that adolescents' knowledge was in a good category 59.51% regarding of health effects of cigarette smoking. The biggest risk factor for adolescents to smoke is family members who smoke at the home of 69.33%.Conclusion : Knowledge among adolescents about the impact of smoking on health is still relatively good but has a smoking risk factor, namely the presence of family members who smoke. The recommendation for the management of the public health center, keep always promote the impact of smoking on health in every family towards a physically and mentally healthy family.Keywords: Influencing; Smoking; AdolescentsPendahuluan: Prevalensi merokok secara keseluruhan di kalangan remaja Indonesia adalah 7,2%, Prevalensi secara substansial lebih tinggi di antara laki-laki dibandingkan dengan perempuan. Perilaku merokok diawali oleh rasa ingin tahu dan pengaruh teman sebaya. Remaja mulai merokok terjadi akibat pengaruh lingkungan sosial.Tujuan: Mengetahui Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku merokok di kalangan remajaMetode: Pendekatan kuantitatif, populasinya adalah remaja berstatus pelajar SMP Negeri Kelapa Dua Tangerang Banten dan sampel sebanyak 659 responden dengan teknik total sampling. Kuesioner telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya sebelum digunakan. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat pengetahuan adalah angket pengetahuan menggunakan skala linker benar dan salah dan dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square.Hasil: Pengetahuan remaja dalam kategori baik 59,51% tentang dampak merokok terhadap kesehatan. Faktor risiko terbesar remaja untuk merokok adalah anggota keluarga yang merokok di rumah sebesar 69,33%.Simpulan: Pengetahuan di kalangan remaja tentang dampak rokok bagi kesehatan masih tergolong baik namun memiliki faktor risiko merokok yaitu adanya anggota keluarga yang merokok. Saran bagi pengelola Puskesmas, tetap selalu mensosialisasikan dampak rokok terhadap kesehatan pada setiap keluarga menuju keluarga yang sehat jasmani dan rohani.
Genetic Evidences of Biosurfactant Production in Two Bacillus subtilis Strains MB415 and MB418 Isolated From Oil Contaminated Soil
Authors: Yasmin Azra , Aslam Fozia , Fariq Anila 
Published: April 2022

Biosurfactants are a diverse group of amphiphilic compounds obtained from microbes. In the present study, the genomic analysis of biosurfactant-producing Bacillus subtilis MB415 and MB418 obtained from oil-contaminated soil was performed. Initially, the strains were screened for biosurfactant production by hemolytic assay, emulsification index, and oil displacement. Further FTIR analysis of extracted biosurfactants revealed the presence of lipopeptides. The sequenced genomes of MB415 and MB418 were of 4.2 Mbps with 43% GC content. Among more than 4,500 protein-coding genes, many were involved in virulence, metal/multidrug resistances, flagella assembly, chemotactic response, and aromatic ring hydroxylating dioxygenases. An annotation analysis revealed that both genomes possessed non-ribosomal synthetase gene clusters for the lipopeptide synthetases srf and fen responsible for surfactin and fengycin production. Comparative studies of both genomes highlighted variability in gene operons mainly for surfactin biosynthesis.
Aortic Leaflet Stresses Are Substantially Lower Using Pulmonary Visceral Pleura Than Pericardial Tissue
Authors: Chen Ye , Lu Xiao , Luo Haoxiang , Kassab Ghassan S. 
Published: April 2022

Background: Porcine heart and bovine pericardium valves, which are collagen-based with relatively little elastin, have been broadly utilized to construct bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs). With a larger proportion of elastin, the pulmonary visceral pleura (PVP) has greater elasticity and could potentially serve as an advantageous biomaterial for the construction/repair of BHVs. The question of how the aortic valve’s performance is affected by its bending rigidity has not been well studied.Methods: Based on the stress–strain relationships of the pericardium and PVP determined by planar uni-axial tests, a three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid–structure interaction (FSI) framework is employed to numerically investigate the aortic valve’s performance by considering three different cases with Young’s modulus as follows: E=375, 750, and 1500 kPa, respectively.Results: The stroke volumes are 112, 99.6, and 91.4 ml as Young’s modulus increases from 375 to 750 and 1500 kPa, respectively. Peak geometric opening area (GOA) values are 2.3, 2.2, and 2.0 cm2 for E=375, 750, and 1500 kPa, respectively. The maximum value of the aortic leaflet stress is about 271 kPa for E=375 kPa, and it increases to about 383 and 540 kPa for E=750 and 1500 kPa in the belly region at the peak systole, while it reduces from 550 kPa to 450 and 400 kPa for E=375, 750, and 1500 kPa, respectively, at the instant of peak “water-hammer”.Conclusion: A more compliant PVP aortic leaflet valve with a smaller Young’s modulus, E, has a higher cardiac output, larger GOA, and lower hemodynamic resistance. Most importantly, the aortic leaflet stresses are substantially lower in the belly region within the higher compliance PVP aortic valve tissue during the systole phase, even though some stress increase is also found during the fast-closing phase due to the “water-hammer” effect similar to that in the pericardial tissue. Future clinical studies will be conducted to test the hypothesis that the PVP-based valve leaflets with higher compliance will have lower fatigue or calcification rates due to the overall lower stress.
A Novel Antimalarial Metabolite in Erythrocyte From the Hydroxylation of Dihydroartemisinin by Cunninghamella elegans
Authors: Bai Yue , Zhao Yifan , Gao Xinna , Zhang Dong , Ma Yue , Yang Lan , Sun Peng 
Published: April 2022

Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is a sesquiterpene endoperoxide with prominent antimalarial efficacy, which was discovered by Professor Youyou Tu through the reduction of artemisinin in the 1970s. It is always a challenging work for scientists to investigate the metabolites of DHA in the red blood cells due to the complicated matrix background. As a bottleneck, the investigation of metabolites, especially exploring the pharmacodynamic material in the red blood cell, is necessary and significant for metabolism research of antimalarial agent. Recently, microbial transformation provides a green and economical means for mimicking mammal metabolism and synthesis active metabolites, based on which is one efficient route for drug discovery. In this study, a strain from Cunninghamella was employed as an efficient tool to explore active metabolites of DHA in erythrocyte. Microbial transformation products of DHA by Cunninghamella elegans CICC 40250 were detected and analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-electrospray ionization (ESI)-quadrupole time-of-flight (Q-TOF)-mass spectrometry (MSE), and the main products were isolated and identified. The antimalarial activity of the isolated products was also screened in vitro. Totally, nine products were discovered through UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MSE, and three main products with novel chemical structures were isolated for the first time, which were also detected in red blood cells as the metabolites of DHA. After evaluation, 7β-hydroxydihydroartemisinin (M1) exhibited a good antimalarial activity with an IC50 value of 133 nM against Plasmodium falciparum (Pf.) 3D7. The structure and stereo-configuration of novel compound M1 were validated via X-ray single crystal diffraction. Microbial transformation was firstly employed as the appropriate model for metabolic simulation in erythrocyte of DHA. Three novel metabolites in erythrocyte were obtained for the first time through our microbial model, and one of which was found to show moderate antimalarial activity. This work provided a new research foundation for antimalarial drug discovery.
The Predictive Value of the Perivascular Adipose Tissue CT Fat Attenuation Index for Coronary In-stent Restenosis
Authors: Qin Bin , Li Zhengjun , Zhou Hao , Liu Yongkang , Wu Huiming , Wang Zhongqiu 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate the association between the perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) fat attenuation index (FAI) derived from coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and the prevalence of in-stent restenosis (ISR) in patients with coronary stent implantation.MethodsA total of 117 patients with previous coronary stenting referred for invasive coronary angiography (ICA) were enrolled in this retrospective observational analysis. All patients underwent CCTA between July 2016 and November 2021. The deep learning-based (DL-based) method was used to analyze and measure the peri-stent FAI value. Additionally, the relationship between hematological and biochemical parameters collected from all the patients was also explored. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method was applied to the most useful feature selection, and binary logistic regression was used to test the association between the selected features and ISR. The predictive performance for ISR of the identified subgroups was evaluated by calculating the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operator curves plotted for each model. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to assess the correlation of peri-stent FAI values with degrees of ISR.ResultsThe peri-stent FAI values in the ISR group were significantly higher than those in the non-ISR group (−78.1 ± 6.2 HU vs. −87.2 ± 7.3 HU, p &lt; 0.001). The predictive ISR features based on the LASSO analysis were peri-stent FAI, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), and high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-CRP), with an AUC of 0.849, 0.632, 0.620, and 0.569, respectively. Binary logistic regression analysis determined that peri-stent FAI was uniquely and independently associated with ISR after adjusting for other risk factors (odds ratio [OR] 1.403; 95% CI: 1.211 to 1.625; p &lt; 0.001). In the subgroup analysis, the AUCs of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), left circumflex coronary artery (LCx), and right coronary artery (RCA) stents groups were 0.80, 0.87, and 0.96, respectively. The Pearson's correlation coefficient indicated a term moderately correlation between ISR severity and peri-stent FAI values (r = 0.579, P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsThe peri-stent FAI can be used as an independently non-invasive biomarker to predict ISR risk and severity after stent implantation.
Analysis of Clinical Features of Kounis Syndrome Induced by Cephalosporin
Authors: Fang Weijin , Song Liying , Deng Zhenzhen , Sun Wei , Li Zuojun , Wang Chunjiang 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundCephalosporins are an increasingly encountered cause of Kounis syndrome. The present study examined the clinical features of cephalosporin-induced Kounis syndrome and provided references for diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and prognosis.MethodsWe collected cephalosporin-induced Kounis syndrome case reports by searching Chinese and English databases from the establishment of the database to October 31, 2021.ResultsTwenty-five patients (17 males and eight females) were included, with a median age of 61 years (range 33–92). Cephalosporins were administered via oral, intravenous and intramuscular routes. All reactions occurred within 30 min, except in two patients. Fourteen patients experienced chest pain, 19 experienced hypotension, 16 had cutaneous reactions, 10 had respiratory symptoms, and seven had gastrointestinal symptoms. Thirteen patients had elevated troponin levels, and eight patients had elevated serum tryptase levels. The electrocardiogram showed ST-segment elevation in 13 patients, depression in four patients, and elevation and depression in six patients. Coronary angiography showed normal results in 12 patients and abnormal results in 13 patients. The skin prick test was positive for cephalosporin in three patients. Twenty-four of the 25 patients recovered after being given anti-allergic and acute coronary syndrome treatment, and there was one death.ConclusionsKounis syndrome is a serious adverse reaction to cephalosporin. Clinicians should consider Kounis syndrome in every patient receiving cephalosporin and presenting with acute chest pain or anaphylactic symptoms.
Automated Segmentation of Olivine Phenocrysts in a Volcanic Rock Thin Section Using a Fully Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Leichter Artem , Almeev Renat R. , Wittich Dennis , Beckmann Philipp , Rottensteiner Franz , Holtz Francois , Sester Monika 
Published: April 2022

An example of automated characterization and interpretation of the textural and compositional characteristics of solids phases in thin sections using machine learning (ML) is presented. In our study, we focus on the characterization of olivine in volcanic rocks, which is a phase that is often chemically zoned with variable Mg/(Mg + Fe) ratios, so-called magnesian number or mg#. As the olivine crystals represent only less than 10 vol% of the volcanic rock, a pre-processing step is necessary to automatically detect the phases of interest in the images on a pixel level, which is achieved using Deep Learning. A major contribution of the presented approach is to use backscattered electron (BSE) images to: 1) automatically segment all olivine crystals present in the thin section; 2) determine quantitatively their mg#; and 3) identify different populations depending on zoning type (e.g., normal vs reversal zoning) and textural characteristics (e.g., microlites vs phenocrysts). The segmentation of the olivine crystals is implemented with a pretrained fully convolutional neural network model with DeepLabV3 architecture. The model is trained to identify olivine crystals in backscattered electron images using automatically generated training data. The training data are generated automatically from images which can easily be created from X-Ray element maps. Once the olivines are identified in the BSE images, the relationship between BSE intensity value and mg# is determined using a simple regression based on a set of microprobe measurements. This learned functional relationship can then be applied to all olivine pixels of the thin section. If the highest possible map resolution (1 micron per 1 pixel) is selected for the data acquisition, the full processing time of an entire thin section of ∼3×4cm containing more than 1,500 phenocrysts and 20.000 microliths required 140 h of data acquisition (BSE + X-Ray element maps), 8 h of training and 16 h of segmentation and classification. Our further tests demonstrated that the 140 h of data acquisition can be reduced at least by a factor of 4 since only a part of the thin section area (25% or even less) needs to be used for training. The characterization of each additional thin section would only require the BSE data acquisition time (less than 48 h for a whole thin section), without an additional training step. The paper describes the training and processing in detail, shows analytical results and outlines the potential of this Deep Learning approach for petrological applications, resulting in the automatic characterization and interpretation of mineral textures and compositions with an unprecedented high resolution.
Boron Incorporation in Silicate Melt: Pressure-induced Coordination Changes and Implications for B Isotope Fractionation
Authors: Drewitt James W. E. , Bromiley Geoffrey D. 
Published: April 2022

Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations have been employed to investigate the nature of boron incorporation in a haplobasalt melt at pressures up to 8 GPa. At ambient pressure, boron is predominantly incorporated as trigonal planar BO3 units. With increasing pressure, the proportion of tetrahedral BO4 increases markedly in parallel with increases in the coordination of other cations in silicate liquids. In contrast to studies of high-pressure boron-rich silicate glasses and liquids where boron units are polymerized, simulations of low B-concentration liquid here indicate that boron does not adopt a significant role as a network-forming cation. Marked changes in the proportion of BO4 in silicate melt at even moderate pressures (from 5 to 20%, over the pressure range 0–3 GPa) imply that pressure may significantly affect the extent of melt/fluid and melt/crystal boron isotope fractionation. This pressure-effect should be considered when using boron isotope data to elucidate processes occurring within the mantle.
Synthesis of Micron-Sized NiAl/NiCoAl-Layered Double Hydroxides via a Facile Double Hydrolysis Dropping Method for Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Huang Xiaowei , Xiang Wenfeng , Yao Jiangfeng , Xi Jianfeng 
Published: April 2022

The transition metal-based layered double hydroxides (LDHs) for high-performance supercapacitor applications were synthesized by the double hydrolysis dropping method. We found that the dropping sequence of the cation and anion solutions has a strong influence on the microstructural and electrochemical properties of LDHs. The NiAl LDHs obtained by dropping the Ni2+ solution into the AlO2- solution have obvious layered structures with a particle size of the order of micrometers. They are different from those LDHs prepared by the conventional double hydrolysis method and hydrothermal method. The specific capacity of the NiAl LDHs is about 615 C g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, which is almost twice that of the sample synthesized by the traditional double hydrolysis method (339 C g−1). It is indicated that the performance of the NiAl LDHs is improved by the dropping method. Moreover, an excellent cyclic stability of 83.3% capacitance retention after 1000 cycles at 3 A g−1 was achieved. In addition, the trimetallic NiCoAl LDHs have been synthesized successfully by the dropping method. The results showed that the addition of Co effectively enhanced the electrochemical properties of LDHs. The optimal NiCoAl LDHs display an excellent specific capacity of 990 C g−1 at 0.5 A g−1. This work offers an efficient and facile route, without hydrothermal treatment or adscititious alkali sources, to fabricating LDHs for boosting energy storage capabilities.