bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
РОЛЬ ТА ФУНКЦІЇ ЗМІ В ПОЛІТИЧНІЙ СОЦІАЛІЗАЦІЇ АКТОРА
Authors: Sukharevska H. 
Published: March 2022

<p><strong><em>The purpose </em></strong><em>of the study is to analyze the role of the mass media in the political socialization of the actor.</em></p><p><strong><em>Research methodology</em></strong><em>. In accordance with the purpose, the research process required a comprehensive application of such methods as: descriptive-analytical – for analyzing the principles of implementation of the impact with subsequent comparison and generalization of the results; inductive-deductive – for observing and describing the selected characteristics of the influence of the mass media; bibliographic – for collecting and processing of literature on the research topic.</em></p><p><strong><em>Results.</em></strong><em> The study of political socialization is based on two main principles. The first is the «principle of primacy», according to which one learns better what one learns first. The second is the «structuring principle». It consists in the fact that the primary training structures the further training. As a result, the main attention of researchers of political socialization was focused on the study of the primary socialization mechanisms and institutions – the family and the school. This actually caused insufficient attention to the socialization function of the mass media. The main factor favorable for eroding the claims of the mass media for «intellectual» independence and, at the same time, for ensuring their activities in modern societies, has become the market type of relations. The mass media act in relation to the market as the main means of stimulating consumption – not only in the field of advertising, but also as a translator of various lifestyles given by a certain type of consumption. The most important systemic orientations deal with the distributed support of the components of the political system, namely, with the support of the political power, the political regime and the political community.</em></p><p><strong><em>Novelty.</em></strong><em> The article analyzes the main approaches to the influence of the mass media on the political socialization of an actor, identifies the specifics of this socialization in the territory of the post-Soviet space.</em></p><p><strong><em>The practical significance.</em></strong><em> The results of the research can be used in the development of educational materials on normative disciplines («Introduction to the Specialty», «Genres of Journalism», «History of Ukrainian Journalism», «Theory and Practice of Journalistic Creativity»), special courses and special seminars in higher education institutions for students of the «Journalism» specialty.</em></p><p><strong><em>Key words:</em></strong> <em>political socialization, influence of mass media, manipulations, political consciousness</em>.</p>
ІНСТРУМЕНТИ ПРОСУВАННЯ ІНТЕРНЕТ-ЗМІ (РЕГІОНАЛЬНІ ПРАКТИКИ)
Authors: Baranetska A. , Kramarenko I. 
Published: March 2022

<p><strong><em>The purpose</em></strong><em> of the study is to identify modern trends in the promotion of Internet media (on the example of regional media).</em></p><p><strong><em>Research methodology</em></strong><em>. The methods of analysis and synthesis were used for studying the theoretical and methodological base on the promotion of Internet periodicals. In the research comprehension of modern ways for promoting online media was made with the help of such methods as reception and generalization. To cover the promotion of Internet periodicals, descriptive method was used. This article suggests the results of conducted survey that has become a source of empirical information in identifying dominant instruments for content promotion in regional Internet media.</em></p><p><strong><em>Results. </em></strong><em>The article shows the phenomenon of promotion as a marketing factor in improving the functional efficiency of Internet media and also the research comprehensively describes the trends of applying variety of promotion tools. The main positions of regional media specialists in the application of various methods of promoting an information product are reproduced. It was revealed that the dominant trends in the promotion of regional (Zaporizhzhya) online media are news aggregators Ukrnet , Google News and social networks. The advantages and disadvantages of using certain tools in positioning online publications are revealed. The basic directions of active presence visibility of the online media in the information market are formulated. Potential threats to reduce the number of visitors to the online media site have been revealed. New ways of attracting the audience's attention are indicated: new formats of text presentation, use of multimedia, creation of interactive forms of interaction with readers, hypertext, attraction of other electronic resources.</em></p><p><em>The scientific </em><strong><em>novelty </em></strong><em>of obtained results</em><em> is to identify the most up-to-date and often used ways of promoting regional information product and to generalize dominant trends in their use.</em></p><p><strong><em>Practical meaning</em></strong><em>. The given study can be useful to people in media in the process of planning and implementing media and content promotion.</em></p><p><strong><em>Key words:</em></strong><em> media promotion, Internet media, SEO-optimization, mass media, social networks, search engine optimization, news aggregators.</em></p>
The Association of Dietary Vitamin Intake Time Across a Day With Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality
Authors: Gu Wenbo , Wu Huanyu , Hu Cong , Xu Jiaxu , Jiang Hongyan , Long Yujia , Han Tianshu , Yang Xue , Wei Wei , Jiang Wenbo 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundChrono-nutrition emphasized the importance of the intake time; however, less is known about the impact of dietary vitamin intake time on health. This study aimed to examine our hypothesis about which vitamin intake time could influence the natural course of cardiovascular disease (CVD).MethodsA total of 27,455 adults enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) during 2003–2014 were recruited. The 12 dietary vitamin intakes in the morning, afternoon, and evening were categorized into tertiles or quartiles. Cox-proportional hazard regression models were developed to evaluate the association of vitamin intake time with CVD and all-cause mortalities.ResultsCompared with participants in the lowest quartile, participants in the highest quartile of dietary VB2 intake in the morning had significantly lowest mortality risk of CVD [hazard ratio (HR)VB2 = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.60–0.94, p = 0.017]; whereas, participants in the highest quartile of dietary-vitamin B6 (VB6), vitamin C (VC), vitamin E (VE), and folate-equivalent consumed in the evening showed the lowest risks of CVD (HRVB6 = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.60–0.99, p = 0.103; HRVC = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.65–0.98, p = 0.050; HRVE = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.56–0.99, p = 0.032; HRfolate–equivalent = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.63–0.97, p = 0.116) and all-cause mortalities (HRVB6 = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.71–0.93, p = 0.006; HRVC = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.76–0.95, p = 0.004; HRVE = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72–0.97, p = 0.011; HRfolate–equivalent = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.71–0.90, p = 0.001). Moreover, equivalently replacing 10% intake of dietary VB6, VC, VE, and folate-equivalent in the morning with evening were associated with 4% (HRVB6 = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.92–0.99), 5% (HRVC = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92–0.99), 4% (HRVE = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.91–0.99), and 5% (HRfolate–equivalent = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92–0.99) lower risk of CVD mortality.ConclusionThis study found that the optimal intake time of dietary VB2 was in the morning, and the optimal intake times of dietary VB6, VC, VE, and folate-equivalent were in the evening.
Pacing Characteristics of His Bundle Pacing vs. Left Bundle Branch Pacing: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhuo Wen , Zhong Xiaojie , Liu Hualong , Yu Jianhua , Chen Qi , Hu Jinzhu , Xiong Qinmei , Hong Kui 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundHis bundle pacing (HBP) is a physiological pacing strategy, which aims to capture the His bundle-Purkinje system and synchronously activate the ventricles. Left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) is a newly discovered physiological pacing technique similar to HBP. We conducted this meta-analysis to compare the pacing parameters and clinical results between HBP and LBBP.MethodsWe systematically retrieved studies using the PubMed, Embase database, and Cochrane Library. Mean difference (MD) and relative risk (RR) with their 95% confidence intervals [CIs] were used to measure the outcomes. A random-effect model was used when studies were of high heterogeneity.ResultsA total of seven studies containing 867 individuals were included. Compared with HBP, LBBP was associated with higher implant success rates (RR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.05–1.18; I2 = 60%, P = 0.0003), lower capture threshold at implantation (V/0.5 ms) (MD: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.35–0.90, I2 = 89%, P &lt; 0.0001) and capture threshold at follow-up (V/0.5 ms) (MD: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.34–1.18, I2 = 93%, P = 0.0004), and larger sensed R wave amplitude (mV) at implantation (MD: 7.23, 95% CI: 5.29–9.16, P &lt; 0.0001) and sensed R wave amplitude (mV) at follow-up (MD: 7.53, 95% CI: 6.85–8.22, P &lt; 0.0001). In LBBP recipients, greater QRS wave complex reduction was found in the paced QRS duration at follow-up compared with HBP recipients at follow-up (MD: 6.12, 95% CI: 1.23–11.01, I2 = 0%, P = 0.01). No statistical differences were found in procedure duration, fluoroscopy time, native left ventricular ejection fractions (LVEF), LVEF improvement, native QRS duration, and QRS reduction from the native QRS duration vs. paced QRS duration at implantation.ConclusionCurrent evidence suggests that pacing characteristics are better in LBBP compared with HBP. Further prospective studies are needed to validate the clinical advantages of LBBP.
Using Eruption Source Parameters and High-Resolution Grain-Size Distributions of the 7.7 ka Cleetwood Eruption of Mount Mazama (Oregon, United States) to Reveal Primary and Secondary Eruptive Processes
Authors: Wiejaczka Joshua , Giachetti Thomas 
Published: March 2022

Numerical simulations of real-time volcanic ash dispersal forecasts and ensuing tephra hazard assessments rely on field-derived Eruption Source Parameters (ESPs) such as plume height, erupted volume, mass eruption rate and the Total Grain-Size Distribution (TGSD) of particles ejected from a volcano into the atmosphere. Here we calculate ESPs for the ∼7.7 ka Cleetwood eruption of Mount Mazama (Crater Lake/giiwas, Oregon, United States) that immediately preceded the caldera-forming eruption. We also introduce a novel approach to produce high-resolution grain-size distributions (GSDs) of individual samples over a wide range of particle sizes (0.00035–35 mm) by combining laser diffraction with dynamic image analysis. Detailed field analysis allows us to divide the Cleetwood eruptive sequence into a series of two distinct and consecutive VEI four eruptions: the lower (∼0.98 km3) and upper (∼0.20 km3) Cleetwood units. The lower Cleetwood was the most intense with a plume height of ∼19 km and an average mass discharge rate of ∼3.1×107 kg s−1. Its Total Grain-Size Distribution yields a fractal dimension D∼3.1, like other similar eruptions. All twelve high-resolution GSDs produced in this study exhibit two systematic breaks in slope from a power-law relationship at ∼0.125 mm and ∼0.510 mm. These breaks in slope create three segments: S1 (&lt;0.125 mm), S2 (0.125–0.510 mm), and S3 (&gt;0.510 mm) that can be fit by power-law relationships with fractal dimensions of D1=2.5 ± 0.2, D2=0.5 ± 0.1, and D3=3.6 ± 1.1, respectively. Together with ESPs and detailed componentry, D values at various locations give insight into magma fragmentation and tephra transport. We find that D1 values are positively correlated with the median grain-size and are similar to values found in rapid decompression magma fragmentation experiments. We infer that D1 values reflect the size distribution of the primary products of magma fragmentation and could thus be used to infer the potential energy at fragmentation. We interpret the relatively low values of D2 to an increase in dense components due to particle rafting. Our work shows that comparing high-resolution grain-size distributions at several locations on the dispersal axis can further constrain primary and secondary eruptive processes which prove crucial to improving tephra hazard assessments and dispersal forecasting.
Genetic Parameter Estimation and Whole Sequencing Analysis of the Genetic Architecture of Chicken Keel Bending
Authors: Zhang Zhihao , Yang Weifang , Zhu Tao , Wang Liang , Zhao Xiaoyu , Zhao Guoqiang , Qu Lujiang , Jia Yaxiong 
Published: March 2022

Bone health is particularly important for high-yielding commercial layer chickens. The keel of poultry is an extension of the abdomen side of the sternum along the sagittal plane and is one of the most important bones. In this study, the keel phenotype of White Leghorns laying hen flocks showed significant individual differences. To clarify its genetic mechanism, we first estimated the heritability of keel bend (KB) in White Leghorn, recorded the production performance of the chicken flock, examined the blood biochemical indexes and bone quality in KB and keel normal (KN) chickens, and performed whole-genome pooled sequencing in KB and KN chickens. We then performed selection elimination analysis to determine the genomic regions that may affect the keel phenotypes. The results show that KB is a medium heritability trait. We found that cage height had a significant effect on the KB (p &lt; 0.01). At 48 weeks, there were significant differences in the number of eggs, the number of normal eggs, and eggshell strength (p &lt; 0.05). The content of parathyroid hormone was lower (p &lt; 0.01) and that of calcitonin was higher (p &lt; 0.01) in KB chickens than in KN chickens. The differences in bone mineral density, bone strength, and bone cortical thickness of the humerus and femur were extremely significant (p &lt; 0.01), with all being lower in KB chickens than in KN chickens. In addition, the bones of KB chickens contained more fat organization. A total of 128 genes were identified in selective sweep regions. We identified 10 important candidate genes: ACP5, WNT1, NFIX, CNN1, CALR, FKBP11, TRAPPC5, MAP2K7, RELA, and ENSGALG00000047166. Among the significantly enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways found, we identifed two bone-related pathways, one involving “osteoclast differentiation” and the other the “MAPK signaling pathway.” These results may help us better understand the molecular mechanism of bone traits in chickens and other birds and provide new insights for the genetic breeding of chickens.
Development and Validation of an Immune-Based Prognostic Risk Score for Patients With Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: He Lan , Huang Yanqi , Chen Xin , Huang Xiaomei , Wang Huihui , Zhang Yuan , Liang Changhong , Li Zhenhui , Yan Lixu , Liu Zaiyi 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundDespite the well-known role of immunoscore, as a prognostic tool, that appeared to be superior to tumor–node–metastasis (TNM) staging system, no prognostic scoring system based on immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining digital image analysis has been established in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Hence, we aimed to develop and validate an immune-based prognostic risk score (IMPRS) that could markedly improve individualized prediction of postsurgical survival in patients with resected NSCLC.MethodsIn this retrospective study, complete resection of NSCLC (stage I–IIIA) was performed for two independent patient cohorts (discovery cohort, n=168; validation cohort, n=115). Initially, paraffin-embedded resected specimens were stained by immunohistochemistry (IHC) of three immune cell types (CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells), and a total of 5,580 IHC-immune features were extracted from IHC digital images for each patient by using fully automated pipeline. Then, an IHC-immune signature was constructed with selected features using the LASSO Cox analysis, and the association of signature with patients’ overall survival (OS) was analyzed by Kaplan–Meier method. Finally, IMPRS was established by incorporating IHC-immune signature and independent clinicopathological variables in multivariable Cox regression analysis. Furthermore, an external validation cohort was included to validate this prognostic risk score.ResultsEight key IHC-immune features were selected for the construction of IHC-immune signature, which showed significant associations with OS in all cohorts [discovery: hazard ratio (HR)=11.518, 95%CI, 5.444–24.368; validation: HR=2.664, 95%CI, 1.029–6.896]. Multivariate analyses revealed IHC-immune signature as an independent prognostic factor, and age, T stage, and N stage were also identified and entered into IMPRS (all p&lt;0.001). IMPRS had good discrimination ability for predicting OS (C-index, 0.869; 95%CI, 0.861–0.877), confirmed using external validation cohort (0.731, 0.717–0.745). Interestingly, IMPRS had better prognostic value than clinicopathological-based model and TNM staging system termed as C-index (clinicopathological-based model: 0.674; TNM staging: 0.646, all p&lt;0.05). More importantly, decision curve analysis showed that IMPRS had adequate performance for predicting OS in resected NSCLC patients.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that the IMPRS that we constructed can provide more accurate prognosis for individual prediction of OS for patients with resected NSCLC, which can help in guiding personalized therapy and improving outcomes for patients.
Effects of Frailty on Outcomes Following Surgery Among Patients With Hip Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ma Yan , Wang Ansu , Lou Yijiao , Peng Daojuan , Jiang Zhongyan , Xia Tongxia 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundFrailty is a syndrome of multisystem dysfunction in the elderly. The association between preoperative frailty and postoperative outcomes in patients with hip fractures is unclear. To address this issue, we performed a meta-analysis to determine the association of frailty with postoperative mortality, complications, and readmission in patients with hip fractures.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and The Cochrane Library for cohort studies of frailty associated with postoperative adverse events in patients with hip fractures from inception to November 6, 2021. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the quality of the included literature. Statistical analysis of meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3.ResultsTwelve retrospective cohort studies and seven prospective cohort studies involving a total of 62,132 patients met the inclusion criteria for this meta-analysis. Compared with non-frail patients, the pooled results showed that frailty was associated with patient in-hospital mortality (relative risk [RR] = 2.93; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 2.56–3.34), 30-day mortality (RR = 2.85, 95%CI: 1.67–4.85) and total complications (RR = 1.79, 95%CI: 1.50–2.15). Subgroup analysis showed that the type of study design and frailty assessment tool had no significant effect on the results. Sensitivity analysis showed that the polled results of frailty predicted one-year mortality and 30-day readmission was unstable.ConclusionsIn this meta-analysis, we found that preoperative frailty may be associated with postoperative adverse events in patients with hip fractures, including in-hospital mortality, 30-day mortality, and postoperative complications.Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO, identifier: CRD42021287739.
Efficacy and Safety of Dupilumab in Chinese Patients With Atopic Dermatitis: A Real-World Study
Authors: Zhou Bingjing , Peng Cong , Li Liqiao , Liu Runqiu , Zhu Lei , Chen Xiang , Li Jie 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a common skin disease, but treatment of this disease has been challenging. Dupilumab is a new biological agent for AD that has been proven to be safe and effective in clinical trials. Although dupilumab was approved for listing in China in June 2020, real-world data about the application of dupilumab in China are lacking. This study aimed to collect and analyze real-world data on dupilumab among Chinese AD patients.MethodsDemographic and clinical data for 116 AD patients receiving dupilumab treatment were reviewed. The Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI), SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD), Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Patient Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM), and Dermatology Quality of Life Index (DLQI) of patients were evaluated every 2 weeks from baseline to 16 weeks of treatment. Any adverse events during treatment were recorded.ResultsAmong the 116 patients in this study, baseline levels of IgE, eosinophils, and LDH were elevated in 62.79% (n = 86), 45.30% (n = 86), and 54.20% of patients (n = 48), respectively. The SCORAD index and POEM, DLQI, and NRS scores were significantly improved in all patients at 2 weeks (p &lt; 0.0001), 4 weeks (p &lt; 0.01), and 16 weeks (p &lt; 0.001). EASI scores also improved significantly in all patients at 2 weeks (p &lt; 0.01), 4 weeks (&gt; 0.05), and 16 weeks (p &lt; 0.01). However, 11 patients (9.48%) had no response. IgE and LDH levels (p &gt; 0.05), Eosinophil counts (p &lt; 0.01) in blood increased temporarily in the first 4 weeks and then decreased and stabilized during dupilumab treatment. Conjunctivitis was the most common adverse event (2.59%) among the patients. We found that the curative efficacy of dupilumab at 4th weeks was related to the patient’s age and course of disease. Nevertheless, there is no relationship between levels of eosinophils, IgE, LDH and the therapeutic efficacy of dupilumab.ConclusionThe real-world data in China showed that dupilumab can effectively treat AD and is well tolerated with a low incidence of adverse events.