bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polarization of Photons Scattered by Ultra‐Relativistic Ion Beams
Authors: Volotka Andrey , Samoilenko Dmitrii , Fritzsche Stephan , Serbo Valeriy G. , Surzhykov Andrey 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA theoretical investigation of the elastic resonant scattering of photons by ultra–relativistic and partially stripped ions is presented. Particular attention in the study is given to the angular distribution and polarization of scattered photons as “seen” in both the ion‐rest and laboratory reference frames. In order to evaluate these angular and polarization properties, the irreducible polarization tensor approach is combined with the density matrix theory. If, furthermore, the ion–photon coupling is treated within the electric dipole approximation, this framework enables one to obtain simple analytical expressions for both the emission pattern and the polarization Stokes parameters of the outgoing radiation. These (analytical) expressions for the , , and transitions are displayed and analyzed , that are of interest for the Gamma Factory project and whose realization is currently under discussion at CERN. Based on the performed analysis, it is demonstrated that the resonantly scattered photons can be strongly (linearly or circularly) polarized, and that this polarization can be well controlled by adjusting either the emission angle and/or the polarization state of the incident radiation. Moreover, the potential of the photon scattering for measuring the spin‐polarization of ion beams is also discussed in detail.
Engineering Highly Reduced Molybdenum Polyoxometalates via the Incorporation of d and f Block Metal Ions
Authors: Ribó Eduard Garrido , Bell Nicola L. , Long De‐Liang , Cronin Leroy 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe assembly of nanoscale polyoxometalate (POM) clusters has been dominated by the highly reduced icosahedral {Mo132} “browns” and the toroidal {Mo154} “blues” which are 45 % and 18 % reduced, respectively. We hypothesised that there is space for a greater diversity of structures in this immediate reduction zone. Here we show it is possible to make highly reduced mix‐valence POMs by presenting new classes of polyoxomolybdates: [MoV52MoVI12H26O200]42− {Mo64} and [MoV40MoVI30H30O215]20− {Mo70}, 81 % and 57 % reduced, respectively. The {Mo64} cluster archetype has a super‐cube structure and is composed of five different types of building blocks, each arranged in overlayed Archimedean or Platonic polyhedra. The {Mo70} cluster comprises five tripodal {MoV6} and five tetrahedral {MoV2MoVI2} building blocks alternatively linked to form a loop with a pentagonal star topology. We also show how the reaction yielding the {Mo64} super‐cube can be used in the enrichment of lanthanides which exploit the differences in selectivity in the self‐assembly of the polyoxometalates.
Click Synthesis Enabled Sulfur Atom Strategy for Polymerization‐Enhanced and Two‐Photon Photosensitization
Authors: Li Chongyang , Liu Junkai , Hong Yingjuan , Lin Runfeng , Liu Zicheng , Chen Ming , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Ning Guo‐Hong , Zheng Xiuli , Qin Anjun , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFacile tailoring of photosensitizers (PSs) with advanced and synergetic properties is highly expected to broaden and deepen photodynamic therapy (PDT) applications. Herein, a catalyst‐free thiol–yne click reaction was employed to develop the sulfur atom‐based PSs by using the in situ formed sulfur “heavy atom effect” to enhance the intersystem crossing (ISC), while such an effect can be remarkably magnified by the polymerization. The introduction of a tetraphenylpyrazine‐based aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) unit was also advantageous in PS design by suppressing their non‐radiative decay to facilitate the ISC in the aggregated state. Besides, the resulting sulfur atom electron donor, together with a double‐bond π bridge and AIE electron acceptor, created a donor‐π‐acceptor (D‐π‐A) molecular system with good two‐photon excitation properties. Combined with the high singlet oxygen generation efficiency, the fabricated polymer nanoparticles exhibited an excellent in vitro two‐photon‐excited PDT towards cancer cells, therefore possessing a huge potential for the deep‐tissue disease therapy.
Sorption of rhenium on synthetic cyclohexylamine anion exchange resin LSC‐436
Authors: Feng Jiahui , Yu Haoqi , Wang Yingcai , Li Haonan , Li Junhan , Liu Weigang , Zhang Zimin , Li Shuang , Liu Heng , Hua Rong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA new organic synthetic anion exchange resin (LSC‐436) containing cyclohexylamine group was prepared for the sorption of rhenium. The traditional batch tests were applied to investigate the mechanism of sorption for rhenium on LSC‐436 with respect to contact time, initial rhenium concentration, the value of pH and the amount of resin. The experimental data obtained from batch tests were modeled using the Langmuir/Freundlich isotherms and pseudo‐first‐kinetic and pseudo‐second‐kinetic models to obtain key dynamic parameters for investigating the mechanism of sorption of rhenium. The LSC‐436 resin was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM‐EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques to further study the sorption mechanism.
Strategies to improve the stress resistance of Escherichia coli in industrial biotechnology
Authors: Tao Yuxuan , Wang Hanxiao , Wang Jingnan , Jiang Wankui , Jiang Yujia , Xin Fengxue , Zhang Wenming , Jiang Min 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe use of industrial Escherichia coli strains for the production of bio‐based chemicals offers a promising and sustainable solution to a growing scarcity of non‐renewable resources and contributes to the protection of the environment. However, many limitations, such as inhibition from toxic substrates, hyperosmosis, toxic by‐products, and other adverse fermentation conditions, prevent strains from attaining a stable cell growth rate, efficient metabolic flux, and satisfactory productivity. There has thus been much effort to obtain E. coli strains that exhibit robust growth and productivity with enhanced tolerance of extreme operating conditions. In this review, we gained insights into recent studies in improving tolerance of E. coli and summarized four kinds of engineering methods: modifying regulation factors, regulating membrane structure, optimizing biosynthetic pathways, and applying adaptive evolution. The combination of different engineering strategies therefore provided a broader platform for robustness of industrial E. coli, making further steps to achieving more advantageous biosynthesis. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Berücksichtigung der Querbiegebewehrung zur Erhöhung des Querkraftwiderstands bei einer Bestandsbrücke – Fachwerkmodell und nichtlineare FE‐Analyse
Authors: Pröbsting Arthur , Trost Burkhart , Schuler Harald 
Published: March 2022

AbstractZahlreiche Brücken aus den 1970er und 1980er Jahren sind heute deutlich höheren Verkehrslasten ausgesetzt als damals bei der ursprünglichen Bemessung. Unterdessen wurden die normativen Regelungen eher verschärft oder verfeinert, sodass diese Bauwerke den heute geltenden Regeln oft nicht standhalten können. Mit der Einführung der sogenannten Erhaltungsnorm SIA 269 ff. wurde versucht, dieser Tatsache entgegenzuwirken, insbesondere, indem günstige Einflüsse wie Materialnacherhärtung oder Reduktion der Restnutzugsdauer Eingang fanden. Im Falle der Grenzbrücke Basel hätte ein üblicher Querkraftnachweis zu einer aufwendigen Querkraftverstärkung in großen Bereichen der Brücke geführt. Unter Ansatz der Querbiegebewehrung für die Querkrafttragfähigkeit konnte jedoch auf die ursprünglich geplante Verstärkungsmaßnahme verzichtet werden. Die Wirkung der Querbiegebewehrung auf den Querkraftwiderstand wurde anhand eines zusätzlichen zweiten Fachwerkmodells erfasst. Die notwendige Erhöhung des Biegewiderstands ergab sich durch einen Spannungszuwachs im Spannglied bei der Findung des horizontalen Kräftegleichgewichts. Mit einer nichtlinearen Finite‐Elemente‐Berechnung konnten die Ergebnisse überprüft und die Verträglichkeit der beiden Fachwerkmodelle aufgezeigt werden.
From Karl von Frisch to Neuroethology: A Methodological Perspective on the Frischean Tradition's Expansion into Neuroethology**
Authors: Dhein Kelle 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper examines a tradition of eusocial insect research stemming from the Austrian zoologist Karl von Frisch. As I show in this paper, one of the most enduring features of the Frischean tradition has been an experimental methodology developed by Frisch in the early 1910s. By tracing this methodology's use through Frisch's student, Martin Lindauer, and two of Lindauer's students, Rüdiger Wehner and Randolf Menzel, this paper illuminates a surprising aspect of ethology's development during the last half of the 20th century. Namely, it sheds light on how the Frischean tradition, a tradition that had a complicated relationship with ethology since the discipline's formation in the 1930s, produced scientists who became leading figures in neuroethology, the most prominent contemporary field of behavioral research to retain the label of “ethology.” Some of the features that distinguished Frisch's training method from the program of classical ethology and the work of his contemporaries later helped his academic descendants adapt the method to the neuroethological program.
A modified version of the interlocking finger test as a bedside screening test for visuospatial deficits and dementia in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Schmidt Nele , Strohmaier Tim , Witt Karsten 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionObjective of this study was to examine if the Interlocking Finger Test (ILFT) is a suitable bedside screening test for visuospatial functions and/or dementia in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients aiming to facilitate the diagnosis of a dementia syndrome associated with posterior cortical and temporal lobe dysfunction according to the dual syndrome hypothesis (frontostriatal vs. posterior cortical cognitive impairment).MethodsForty‐seven PD patients were assessed with the ILFT and an extensive cognitive test battery. The ILFT was carried out in the original version as well as in three modified versions of the test including a fifth figure and/or a more complex rating system, leading to four different ILFT scores (named after the maximum achievable scoring result: ILFT 4, ILFT 5, ILFT 12, and ILFT 15). We conducted a correlation analysis to reveal associations between the ILFT scores and cognitive as well as motor impairments. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analyses were calculated to evaluate the ability of the ILFT scores to predict visuospatial impairments and dementia.ResultsILFT scores correlated significantly with global cognition, visuospatial functions, memory, attention, and age (p < .0125) but not with executive functions, language, education, depression, and motor impairment. The ROC analyses revealed ILFT 15 as best predictor for visuospatial deficits and dementia with an area under the curve of .82 and .88, respectively.ConclusionThe ILFT is suitable for detecting symptoms of the posterior cortical degeneration syndrome according to the dual syndrome hypothesis. We recommend the use of the modified test version ILFT 15.
International orientation and environmental performance in Vietnamese exporting small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises
Authors: Nguyen Nguyen Phong , Adomako Samuel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDespite the burgeoning literature on environmental management, research is scarce on the impact of international orientation (IO) on environmental performance. This study investigates the impact of IO on environmental performance through the mediating mechanism of environmental commitment. In addition, the paper examines the moderating role of stakeholder pressure. Using data collected from 332 firms engaged in exporting activities in Vietnam, this study finds that a firm's level of IO is positively related to its environmental commitment. The results also show that environmental commitment mediates the relationship between IO and environmental performance. Finally, this research finds that the positive effect of environmental commitment on environmental performance is moderated by stakeholder green pressure. These findings theoretically contribute to the environmental management literature and practically extend our knowledge of how IO enhances environmental performance.
Tribo‐Excited Chemical Reaction Using an EuIII Complex with a Stacked Anthracene Framework
Authors: Kitagawa Yuichi , Naito Ayu , Aikawa Kota , Shima Kaori , Shoji Sunao , Fushimi Koji , Hasegawa Yasuchika 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are Yuichi Kitagawa, Yasuchika Hasegawa, and co‐workers at Hokkaido University. The image depicts tribo‐excited chemical reaction using trivalent lanthanide complexes with stacked anthracene ligands. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202104401.
Instabilities in Fixed Bed Reactors with Downwards Directed Flow for the Oligomerization of 1‐Butene
Authors: Wehinger Gregor , Paul Niklas , Six Tanita , Rix Armin , Knossalla Johannes , Franke Robert 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this work instabilities in fixed bed reactors with downwards directed flows for the oligomerization of 1‐butene were investigated. For very long residence times or very low velocities in combination with strong exothermic reactions, the buoyancy force can exceed the inertia force and the downwards directed liquid flow in the fixed bed becomes instable. These flow conditions might result in hotspots, the shift of the conversion towards unwanted by‐products or even in a runaway of the reactor. Therefore, the detailed understanding of the transition between stable and instable flow conditions in fixed bed reactors is essential for a safe and reliable operation of the reactor. Various simulation methods and correlations were applied to predict instable conditions that were observed in an experimental setup. 3D CFD simulations could be used to predict instable flow conditions in fixed bed reactors.
Safety of acupuncture in oncology: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Höxtermann Melanie D. , Haller Heidemarie , Aboudamaah Shaimaa , Bachemir Armin , Dobos Gustav , Cramer Holger , Voiss Petra 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundAcupuncture is frequently used to treat the side effects of cancer treatment, but the safety of this intervention remains uncertain. The current meta‐analysis was conducted to assess the safety of acupuncture in oncological patients.MethodsThe PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Scopus databases were searched from their inception to August 7, 2020. Randomized controlled trials in oncological patients comparing invasive acupuncture with sham acupuncture, treatment as usual (TAU), or any other active control were eligible. Two reviewers independently extracted data on study characteristics and adverse events (AEs). Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool.ResultsOf 4590 screened articles, 65 were included in the analyses. The authors observed that acupuncture was not associated an with increased risk of intervention‐related AEs, nonserious AEs, serious AEs, or dropout because of AEs compared with sham acupuncture and an active control. Compared with TAU, acupuncture was not associated with an increased risk of intervention‐related AEs, serious AEs, or drop out because of AEs but was associated with an increased risk for nonserious AEs (odds ratio, 3.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.16‐13.35; P = .03). However, the increased risk of nonserious AEs compared with TAU was not robust against selection bias. The meta‐analyses may have been biased because of the insufficient reporting of AEs in the original randomized controlled trials.ConclusionsThe current review indicates that acupuncture is as safe as sham acupuncture and active controls in oncological patients. The authors recommend researchers heed the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) safety and harm extension for reporting to capture the side effects and better investigate the risk profile of acupuncture in oncology.Lay Summary

According to this analysis, acupuncture is a safe therapy for the treatment of patients with cancer.

Acupuncture seems to be safe compared with sham acupuncture and active controls.
Determination of Microporous and Mesoporous Surface Areas and Volumes of Mesoporous Zeolites by Corrected t‐Plot Analysis
Authors: Desmurs Lucie , Galarneau Anne , Cammarano Claudia , Hulea Vasile , Vaulot Cyril , Nouali Habiba , Lebeau Benedicte , Daou T. Jean , Vieira Soares Carla , Maurin Guillaume , Haranczyk Maciej , Batonneau‐Gener Isabelle , Sachse Alexander 
Published: March 2022

AbstractZeolites are well‐known microporous catalysts involved in many industrial applications. Their microporosity yet impedes diffusion of bulky molecules. To overcome this drawback, zeolites with hierarchical bimodal porosity, e. g. micropores and mesopores, are developed. In this context, it is important to develop/use methods able to evaluate accurately the textural properties of mesoporous zeolites. t‐Plot can be in theory used for determining the micro‐ and mesopore surface areas and pore volumes. However, classical t‐plot analysis overestimates the mesopore surface areas and underestimates the micropore volumes for hierarchical micro‐/mesoporous materials. Measurements performed with mechanical mixtures of FAU‐Y and MCM‐41 allows to provide corrections, which are up to date limited to mesoporous FAU‐Y. The present work describes specific corrections of the t‐plot for a broader series of zeolites including MFI, *BEA and MOR, based on a set of mechanical mixtures of zeolites and MCM‐41. Minor correction factors are required for MOR, whilst for MFI and *BEA similar corrections as for the FAU‐Y are inferred for the micropore volume. As far as the surface area is concerned higher correction factors are required for MFI compared to *BEA. This corrected t‐plot analysis is applied to characterize a great variety of mesoporous zeolites prepared by micelle‐templating.
Rational Design and Synthesis of Ag−Cu2O Nanocomposites for SERS Detection, Catalysis, and Antibacterial Applications
Authors: Sayson Luce Vida A. , Regulacio Michelle D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWith the growing desire to incorporate enhanced properties and multiple functions into a single nanostructured system, research on nanocomposites has intensified in recent years. Several material combinations have already been studied, giving rise to a rich library of hybrid nanomaterials. In this Minireview, attention is directed toward Ag−Cu2O nanocomposites, which integrate the strong plasmonic features of metallic Ag and the semiconducting properties of Cu2O. There are numerous ways by which these two materials can be arranged in a nanocomposite, leading to diverse types of hybrid configurations (e. g. core–shell, core–satellite, yolk–shell, Janus). The synthetic protocols that have been used in fabricating these different hybrid structures are amply discussed in this paper. Also described are the remarkable properties that arise from the union of Ag and Cu2O, and how these properties can be utilized in the fields of sensing, catalysis, and antibacterial treatment. Lastly, knowledge gaps and future directions are identified in the concluding section.
Efficient design of dual‐mode nano counter: An approach using quantum dot cellular automata
Authors: Khan Angshuman , Arya Rajeev 
Published: March 2022

AbstractQuantum dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is a promising paradigm after CMOS technology due to low power consumption and small area requirements. As the counter is the most important and fundamental component of the QCA sequential logic family, therefore current effort has been made to design and analysis a dual‐mode counter. The reported dual‐mode nano counter can be operated as a Ring counter (R‐counter) as well as it can be operated as a Twisted‐ring counter (T‐counter). To achieve this, two inverters, four majority voters, and four D flip‐flops have been fully utilized. The main advantage of this design is that a single nano‐counter circuit can perform both tasks of R‐counter and T‐counter, which therefore eliminates the design constraint of double QCA layouts. In addition to that, the proposed 4‐bit QCA layout is easily expandable to n‐bit as per needs. With compared to the best‐reported design, the proposed dual‐mode counter has 75% and 29% less delay and cell count respectively. The area‐delay cost, QCA‐specific cost, and energy‐delay cost of the proposed circuit are approximately 13 times, 228 times, and 61 times superior to the previously reported best design. The designs were verified using the popular QCA layout design software QCADesigner 2.0.3. Simultaneously, two energy estimate tools, QCAPro and QCADesigner‐E (QDE), were utilized to investigate the circuits' energy dissipation.
A novel multilabel video retrieval method using multiple video queries and deep hash codes
Authors: Akbacak Enver 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMost videos consist of multiple clips. Namely, videos usually have multiple spatio‐temporal information. However, existing video datasets are of single video clips. Additionally, content‐based video retrieval methods have been implemented based on a single query clip. However, a single query may not be sufficient for better expressing intention concerning the query. Besides, it narrows the capability to search for multiple semantics. How to deal with retrieving videos having multiple clips has not been adequately investigated. This study proposes a novel multilabel video retrieval method that utilizes multiple video clips as queries. Whatever the number of queries, it transforms a multi‐query video retrieval into a single‐query video retrieval. The method is independent of both the video features and distance metric types. However, we propose a deep video hashing method to achieve speed and efficiency. Experiments performed on three prepared multilabel video datasets have proven the effectiveness of the proposed method. The source codes of the study are public.
Solvent‐Free Hydrogenation of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural and Furfural to Furanyl Alcohols and their Self‐Condensation Polymers
Authors: Wang Ting , Xie Weizhen , Pang Yujia , Qiu Weiwei , Feng Yunchao , Li Xiujuan , Wei Junnan , Tang Xing , Lin Lu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract2,5‐Bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF) as well as furfuryl alcohol (FFA) are considered as highly valuable biomass‐derived alcohols resembling aromatic monomers in polymer synthesis. Herein, a series of cobaltic nitrogen‐doped carbon (Co−NC) catalysts calcinated at different temperatures were synthesized and tested for the solvent‐free hydrogenation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to prepare BHMF. It was found that the Co−NC catalyst calcinated at 600 °C (Co−NC‐600) exhibited a superior catalytic activity in the hydrogenation reaction mainly due to the doping of graphitic N, which probably facilitated the polarization of H2 to afford H+ and H−. Consequently, Co−NC‐600 offered a high BHMF/FFA yield greater than 90 % with a nearly complete conversion of HMF/furfural (FF) at the optimal conditions (80 °C, 4 h, and 5 MPa H2). After the hydrogenation reaction, Co−NC catalyst was facilely recycled by magnetic separation, and the obtained BHMF/FFA was then successfully transformed into hypercrosslinked polymers with an excellent CO2/H2 storage capacity comparable to aromatic hydroxymethyl polymers. Therefore, this is a novel and facile two‐step pathway for the conversion of biomass‐derived HMF/FF towards functional polymers from both industrial and environmental perspectives.