bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hill-type, bioinspired actuation delivers energy economy in DC motors
Authors: McGrath Jake , Alvarado José 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Electromagnetic motors convert stored energy to mechanical work through a linear force–velocity (FV) relationship. In biological systems, however, muscle actuation is characterized by the hyperbolic FV mechanisms of the Hill muscle—in which a parameter α characterizes the degree of nonlinearity. Previous work has shown that bioinspiration in human-engineered systems can contribute favorable mechanical attributes—such as energy efficiency, self-stability, and flexibility, among others. In this study, we first construct an easily amendable, bioinspired electromagnetic motor which produces FV curves that mimic the Hill model of muscle with a high degree of accuracy. A proportional-integral-differential (PID) controller converges the characteristically linear FV relationship of a DC motor to nonlinear Hill-type force outputs. The bioinspired electric motor does a fixed amount of work by lifting a 147.5 g mass, and we record the translational velocity of the mass and the nonlinear applied force of the motor. Under optimized gain coefficients in the PID, the bioinspired motor achieves agreement of

R
2

>
0.99

with the Hill muscle model. Studies have shown that designing biologically inspired actuators produce comparatively energy efficient systems. We investigate the energy economy of actuating our motor with nonlinear, Hill-type forces in direct comparison with conventional linear FV actuation techniques. We find that the bioinspired motor delivers energy economy with respect to energy consumption and conversion: the nonlinear, Hill-type DC motor reduces the energetic cost of actuation when delivering a fixed amount of mechanical work.
Safety Aspects of Minor Road Junctions on MDR 132 – Nuh to Hodal
Authors: Asruddin Mohd , Khan Amir Ali , Singh Gyanendra , Dass Sachin , Jaglan Saurabh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Accident occurring at junctions is a major problem in India. As per the annual report 2019, almost 50% of road accidents in India occurred at junctions. In this study, an attempt has been made to study the safety aspects of minor road junctions on MDR 132 in the Palwal District of Haryana State. The main aims of the present study are to study the safety aspects of minor road junctions on MDR-132 from Nuh to Hodal by analyzing various features of minor road junctions like markings, signs, shoulders, sight distances, lightings, median, etc., and to give suggestions to minimize the accidents. Two types of data were collected. One is from the field, and the other is from registered FIRs. The first one includes pavement width, shoulder width, marking, speed breaker, signs, types of junctions, sight distance, etc. The second one includes hitting and victim vehicle, fatal, grievous and minor injury, visibility, age of the victim, etc. It was observed that the number of accidents is being affected by various road parameters. For example, the number of accidents at uncontrolled junctions is decreasing as pavement width, shoulder width, sight distance, and presence of speed breaker [especially on minor roads] are increasing. Similarly, it was also observed that the number of fatalities decreased as the considered road parameters were increased.
Studying the influence of Constricted Froude’s Number on Energy Dissipators in Open Channel Flow
Authors: Chitnis Sameer , Shravankumar S M , Sakare Praveen Kumar , Faheemuddin Mohammed , Harshini Kollozu Sree 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Model experimentation was used to examine the flow properties above the perpendicular descents with a grid roof, or the “grid drop-type dissipators”. The software ANSYS FLUENT R 15 is used to analyse the fluid flow above the impediment and research of the flow arrays and hydraulic characteristics. The purpose of the flow analysis is to examine how subcritical flow develops upstream and to let the water flowing downstream to slow down the flow of water to prevent erosion downstream. The pool formation, mixing zone, pressure distribution, and velocity distribution were all analysed using the Ansys software. The findings show that, in comparison to a simple vertical drop, the suggested hydraulic structure removes undesirable flow situations and serves as the foundation for a more operative flow rheostat arrangement. It is shown that, in comparison to a straight vertical drop, the scattering/circulation process in the pool surges the velocity grade, the impetus altercation, and, as a result, the energy dissipation.
Improved mechanical properties of concrete made with environmental by-products exposed to saline water
Authors: Jena Biswajit , Mohapatra Sourya Snigdha , Mishra Kapileswar , Mohapatra Avijit , Mohanty Bipin Bihari 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the strength and chloride content of marine concrete if fly ash and silica fume were used to replace a portion of the conventional Portland cement (OPC). The study was done so that these goals could be reached. W/C of 0.42 to make M30 grade concrete. Even though the number of parts that go into making OPC concrete is the same, using SP cuts the amount of water needed to make mixed concrete by 20%. Several different experiments that were done with different mixtures back up this conclusion. Compressive strength, flexural strength, and split tensile strength are the three types of strength that have been looked at. For the durability test, water-soluble chloride (WSC) will be used. SEM, which stands for scanning electron microscopy, will be used for the microstructural analysis. According to the test results, the compressive strength of concrete that had been treated with dosages of SP and had 10% fly ash showed a degradation factor (DF) of less than 5% after being exposed to the elements for a year. Even though the concrete had been out in the weather, this was still the case. After 90 days, both the split tensile strength and the flexural strength have a DF of 0.95 percent, but the flexural strength only has a DF of 0.5 percent.
Investigation on the Acoustic Behaviour of Perlite in Concrete
Authors: Anuja N , Amutha Priya N , Jeganmurugan P , Sree Rameswari A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Concrete, an effective rigid material that acts as a barrier to restrict sound waves in buildings. This research study is mainly based on the experimental testing on the acoustic properties that can be induced in concrete using perlite material. When sound passes through the concrete having lower density, it gets dispersed and the decibel of sound is decreased, thus it acts as a better sound insulator. Concrete specimens along with the addition of perlite are tested for their strength and optimum dosage of perlite to be added in order to have a improved acoustic behaviour. It is identified that with 5% replacement of perlite for cement in concrete, improved the acoustic behaviour of concrete by 26.12%. In order to have adequate strength in concrete, 30% GGBS is partially replaced for cement and hence the strength is improved by 12.5%. From this work, it is depicted that perlite can act as a better material to make concrete as a sound insulator. This composite can be used in various applications in buildings as precast insulation panels, bricks, tiles etc to make sound insulation.
Experimental investigation on high volume ground granulated blast furnace slag concrete
Authors: Priyatham Paul S , Malagavelli Venu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe present confront among the construction industry is to curtail the production of the ordinary Portland cement (OPC), which is directly responsible to the emission of harmful gases like CO2during the manufacturing and also depletion of natural resources like lime stone, coal etc. The present investigation is focused to develop the sustainable concrete using complementary cementing materials (CCMs) for the sustainable environment. Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) is one among the sustainable alternatives for ordinary Portland cement (OPC) to produce green concrete and because of its high calcium silicate content it has excellent cementious content and has been used in the construction industry for years as a replacement for ordinary Portland cement (OPC). The paper presents the performance of the Binary concrete made by replacing the OPC with high volume GGBS up to 70%. In total 6 binary mixtures and conventional mix were prepared for M40 grade of concrete. Flow characteristics and strength properties (compression, split tensile and flexural strength) are determined for both conventional and binary concrete at the age of 7, 28, 60, 90 days. The test results proved that the binary concrete had considerable performance regarding workability and strength of the binary concrete over conventional mix.
Compressive strength, flexural strength and modulus of elasticity relationships of ternary blended concrete.
Authors: Reddy Suda V B 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The paper presents the correlation between flexural strength and modulus of elasticity with respect to the compressive strength of ternary concrete (TC), made by incorporating the Micro silica (5% to 15%) and Ground granulated blast furnace slag (20% to 50%) considering w/b=0.55. A total of twelve ternary mixes and one conventional mix were prepared to identify optimum mix. Flow characteristics and strength properties (compression, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity) are determined for both conventional and Ternary mixes at 28 days. Empirical relationships are drawn between Elastic modulus, modulus of rupture and compressive strength for the optimum ternary mix.
Influence Of Dewaxing on Mechanical properties of kapok fiber-reinforced polymer composite
Authors: Das Ramyaranjan , Dash C , Behera P , Bisoyi Dillip Kumar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The low density, lightweight, easy processing and biodegradability nature of Natural fiber-reinforced polymer composite have gained enough attention from many researchers and scientists. Kapok Fiber (Ceiba pentandra) is a natural cellulosic fiber have a hollow microtubular structure and a high degree of hollowness. The hand lay-up technique has been adopted for kapok fiber-reinforced epoxy polymer composite fabrication with different fiber loading(2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 wt %). The mechanical strength of kapok fiber-reinforced polymer epoxy composite is investigated through the flexural and tensile test. The best flexural and tensile performance is observed at 5 wt% loading of kapok fiber. To increase compatibility between fiber and epoxy matrix dewaxing process is adopted. The effect of dewaxing on cellulose crystallinity, crystallinity size, surface morphology, elemental composition and functional groups of fiber are studied. The roughness of the fiber surface increases after dewaxing due to the partial removal of non-cellulosic compounds like lignin, pectin, wax and some oily substances. The increase in fiber surface roughness and cellulose crystallinity index by chemical treatment made a strong interlocking at the fiber-matrix interface. The effect of dewaxing on mechanical strength is also studied to fabricate the composite for the benefit of society.
Energy Consumption Analysis of Residential Building Using Autodesk Revit
Authors: Mogili Sudhakar , Avvari Harsha Vardhan , Appecharla Vamsi Krishna 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Because of ongoing rise in global warming and other environmental factors, energy analysis for civil engineering structures are becomes an important factor in the advanced economic construction industry. Forecasting the energy usage of the building, employing appropriate energy-saving measures, and design for construction are all urgently required. The current work is focused on the capabilities of Building Information Modelling, such as Autodesk Revit/Insight Plug-in to perform energy consumption and energy cost analyses on a G+2 residential buildings to predict energy consumption of the building over its entire life span. The results demonstrated the influence of various building energy parameters to analyse optimised building energy requirements and reported reduction in energy consumption and energy cost of 31.3% and 30% respectively.
Performance Assessment of High Strength Concretes Containing Foundry Sand as Fine Aggregate
Authors: Raju Jadi , Prasad Ravella Durga , Chandrasekhara Rao PV 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDeposition of used foundry sand in landfills causing environmental hazard has been generating focus to develop alternate methods of disposal or applications. Research works in the recent period have been concentrated towards utilization of foundry sand in construction industry. Results with regard to the use of foundry sand in manufacturing construction materials like bricks and concrete have been quite promising and have provided a lot of scope for production of green materials. The present research work aims to study the mechanical and durability characteristics of high strength concrete containing foundry sand as a partial replacement of river sand. River sand was replaced with 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% foundry sand. Properties like slump, compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity, water absorption, RCPT values were evaluated to report the performance characteristics. The results indicate that it is possible to achieve strengths greater than 50MPa upto 60% replacement of fine aggregate and nominal strengths at higher replacement percentages. Durability studies indicate that concretes containing foundry sand had inferior properties, however, all the values reported were well below the allowable limits.
Development of Ternary Blend Geopolymer Mortars
Authors: Gayitri Keerthana Y , Rakesh S , Jyothirmai A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Concrete, which is now the second most consumed substance in the world after the water has cement as the main ingredient. There is a continuous increase in pollution due to the enormous volumes of CO2 that are released into the atmosphere during the production of cement. The invention of geopolymer concrete proceeded to reduce environmental pollution by replacing cement with supplementary cementitious ingredients such as flyash, GGBS, metakaolin, silica fume, etc. With sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate functioning as caustic activators, the current research intends to develop a ternary blend flyash-based geopolymer mortar using flyash, GGBS, and alccofine as supplementary cementitious ingredients. Depending on how well binary mixes performed in terms of compressive strength, the proportions of the materials in the ternary blend were fixed. Two binary blends, flyash-GGBS and flyash-alccofine, were produced using a NaOH solution with an 8M concentration and different ratios. The ratio of sodium hydroxide to water glass was 1:2.5. Alccofine was substituted by 2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 20% in their respective blends with flyash, whereas GGBS was replaced by 10%, 20%, 40%, and 80%. On the binary mixtures, a compressive strength test was performed. The results demonstrated that when 40% GGBS and 20% alccofine were replaced with flyash in their respective blends, the compressive strength was increased. The composition of the ternary blend was established as being, 40% flyash, 40% GGBS, and 20% alccofine. Normal consistency and compressive strength tests were conducted on different proportions of the ternary blend. The replacement of 40% GGBS and 20% alccofine yielded the greatest values of normal consistency and compressive strength of all the ternary mixes. The outcomes demonstrated that the binary mixtures’ chosen optimal ternary blend proportion was acceptable.
OC-055 THE INCIDENCE OF EXTRACTION SITE INCISIONAL HERNIA AFTER MINIMALLY INVASIVE COLORECTAL SURGERY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Van Egmond S , Den Hartog F , Poelman M , Menon A , Kleinrensink G J , Lange J , Tanis P , Deerenberg E 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Aim
Minimally invasive colorectal surgery reduces surgical trauma with better preservation of abdominal wall integrity, but the extraction site is still at risk of incisional hernia (IH). This study aimed to determine pooled incidence of IH for each type of extraction site, and to compare IH rates after midline, non-midline and Pfannenstiel extraction.

Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted using PRISMA guidelines. Single-armed and multiple-armed cohort studies, and randomized controlled trials regarding minimally invasive colorectal surgery were queried from five databases. Outcomes were pooled and compared with random-effects, inverse-variance models. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane ROBINS-I and RoB 2 tools.

Results
Thirty-six studies were included, totalling 11,788 patients. Pooled extraction site incisional hernia (ESIH) rate was 16.0% for midline (n=4081), 9.3% for umbilical (n=2425), 5.2% for transverse (n=3213), 9.4% for paramedian (n=134) and 2.1% for Pfannenstiel (n=1449). ESIH occurred significantly more with midline extraction in comparison to Pfannenstiel (Odds Ratio (OR) 8.4 [3.5;20.0]). Non-midline extraction (transverse and paramedian) showed a significantly lower OR for IH compared to midline extraction (midline and umbilical). Pfannenstiel extraction resulted in significantly lower OR for ESIH compared to midline (OR 0.12 [0.050;0.30]), transverse (OR 0.25 [0.13;0.50]) and umbilical (OR 0.072 [0.033;0.16]) extraction sites. The risks of surgical site infection and surgical site occurrence were not significantly different in any analyses.

Conclusions
Specimen extraction through a Pfannenstiel incision is the preferred method in minimally invasive colorectal surgery. In cases where Pfannenstiel extraction is not possible, surgeons should avoid midline specimen extraction.
P-022 USE OF SEPRAFILM ADHESION BARRIER® IN COMPLEX LARGE INCISIONAL HERNIA
Authors: Díaz Pedrero R , López González L , Aguado Henche S , Slocker De Arce A , Córdova García D , Ratia Gimenez T , Serrano Yebenes E , Soto Schütte S , Laguna Hernández P , Gutierrez Calvo A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Aim
The short-term results of the use of seprafilm® as a reinforcement of the peritoneum are presented.

Material and Methods
Seprafilm® was used in 5 patients with large midline and lateral incisional hernia in which Transversus Abdominis Release Technique was performed in which it was necessary to explant mesh previously. This weakness of the peritoneum was reinforced with the seprafilm® plates, to isolate the intra-abdominal contents from the mesh.

Results
The patients treated had an average stay of 6.6 days. All of them carried drains. There were no infectious complications in surgical site. There were no prolonged pain. All of them began tolerance the day after the surgery. At one month of the surgical intervention, there were no signs of infection, seroma or higher pain than 3 on the EVA scale.

Discussion
Post-operative adhesions to mesh are related to intestinal fistulas. The use of preperitoneal space to place the mesh is a good option, although sometimes it can have continuity problems, especially when there are explants of previous materials. The use of barrier materials is appropriate in these cases.

Conclusion
The use of Seprafilm® can be a good option as a barrier between viscera and prostheses for the prevention of adhesions.
Ecology and social behavior of the social vole Microtus socialis: A generalized review
Authors: Gromov Vladimir S 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The present review is a compilation of the published data on the ecology and social behavior of the social vole. Field studies provide evidence that these voles live in family groups consisting of 1 adult male, 1 or 2 breeding females, and their offspring (1 or 2 litters). The social vole is capable of year-round reproduction, but in arid regions, the voles demonstrate seasonality in breeding. The mating system of this species may be defined as behavioral monogamy. A typical feature of the space use system is territoriality characterized by a locus-dependent dominance in relationships between neighboring breeding pairs as well as family groups. The family group social organization may be defined as consistent relationships without a dominant hierarchy. Social voles are cooperative in defending their territories, constructing burrows, digging underground tunnels, maintaining nests, and raising young. Cooperation appears to enhance the survival of family groups of this species under the extreme climatic conditions of Central Asia.
“Women, Men, Boys, and Girls”: Analyzing the Implementation of Women, Peace, and Security in the United States
Authors: Henshaw Alexis 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
More than 20 years after the passage of UN Security Council Resolution 1325 (2000), the United States is still in the process of institutionalizing its strategy on Women, Peace, and Security (WPS). While the Women, Peace, and Security Act (2017) established a legal mandate by which federal agencies are obligated to demonstrate efforts to mainstream gender in foreign policy, timely implementation has been hindered by confusion and disagreement over the aims of WPS. Drawing on elite interviews with 35 stakeholders working on WPS implementation across relevant institutions, I argue that implementation efforts in the United States have resulted in understandings of WPS that parse the agenda as an extension of familiar issues like the War on Terror, debates over reproductive rights, and issues of sexual harassment and equal opportunity. I demonstrate how feminist security studies and cognitive approaches to foreign policy analysis explain these outcomes.
Toward User Experience in ATC: Exploring Novel Interface Concepts for Air Traffic Control
Authors: Huber Stephan , Gramlich Johanna , Pauli Selina , Mundschenk Simon , Haugg Eliana , Grundgeiger Tobias 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAir traffic control (ATC) is a safety-critical, cooperative work domain, which faces usability challenges due to technology driven development in the past. In this work, we followed a user-centered design process to explore how novel interaction concepts increase user experience in ATC. Based on controllers’ needs we envisioned one unified interface together with three possible interaction concepts (the mouse interface, flight-dial and tangible interface) addressing different aspects of ATC. We prototypically implemented the interaction concepts and iterated each prototype based on feedback from 24 controllers. Qualitative data from these iterative formative evaluations indicated that controllers prefer interfaces that are efficient to use, minimalistic, customizable and context sensitive. A summative evaluation (N = 12) showed that the hedonic quality of all three concepts were higher compared to the system currently in use. Our results and insights can provide guidance and inspiration for the future design of ATC interfaces.