bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Regulatory Functionality of Exosomes in Three Dimensional Culture for articular cavity and osteochondral regeneration
Authors: Yan Zineng , Yin Han , Wu Jiang , Tian Guangzhao , Li Muzhe , Liao Zhiyao , He Songlin , Deng Haoyuan , Ning Chao , Ding Zhengang , Yuan Xun , Sui Xiang , Chen Mingxue , Liu Shuyun , Guo Quanyi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Improving the poor microenvironment of the joint cavity has great potential in the treatment of cartilage injury, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosomes (MSCs-Exos), with their inherent ability to modulate cellular behavior, are becoming a new cell-free therapy for cartilage repair. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether MSCs-Exos cultured on scaffolds of different dimensions could improve the poor joint cavity microenvironment caused by cartilage injury and explore the related mechanisms.
Results
The results of experiments in vitro showed that exosomes derived MSCs which cultured on three-dimension (3D) scaffolds (3D-Exo) has gain efficiency. 3D-Exo enhanced the biological functions of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), including proliferation, migration and chondrogenic differentiation. In addition, 3D-Exo can promote the macrophages toward M2 type and have the effect of protecting chondrocytes. In short-term animal experiments, compared with exosomes derived MSCs which cultured on two-dimension (2D) environment (2D-Exo), 3D-Exo have stronger ability to regulate the microenvironment of the joint cavity. Long-term animal studies have confirmed the therapeutic efficacy of 3D-Exo over 2D-Exo. Based on this, 3D-Exo were applied to the rat knee osteochondral defect model after adsorption in the micro-pores of the scaffold and combined with subsequent articular cavity injections, showing a more powerful cartilage repair ability.
Conclusions
3D-Exo can better accelerate osteochondral defect repairing than 2D-Exo by upregulating the miRNAs related to cartilage repair. This offers a promising novel cell-free therapy for treating osteochondral defect repairing.
Effects of concentration-dependent graphene on maize seedling development and soil nutrients
Authors: Wang‘ Shiya , Liu Ying , Wang Xinyi , Kong Deyong , Wei Na , Guo Wei , Sun Haiyan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The long-term use of chemical fertilizers to maintain agricultural production has had various harmful effects on farmland and has greatly impacted agriculture's sustainable expansion. Graphene, a unique and effective nanomaterial, is being used in plant-soil applications to improve plant nutrient uptake, boost fertilizer use, and reduce chemical fertilizer pollution by relieving inadequate soil nutrient conditions and enhancing soil absorption of nutrient components. We investigated the effects of graphene fertilizer on nutrient content, maize growth, and soil physicochemical parameters. In each treatment, graphene concentration gradients (0, 25, 50, 100, and 150 g·kg− 1) were applied in two distinct layers to the soil (single-layer and few-layers). Soil aggregates, soil accessible nutrients, soil enzyme activity, plant nutrients, plant height, stem thickness, dry weight, and fresh weight were all measured throughout maize growth to V3 stage. Compared to the control (0 g·kg− 1), we found that graphene increased the percentage of large agglomerates (0.25-10 mm) in the soil and significantly increased the geometric mean diameter (GMD) and mean weight diameter (MWD) values of > 0.25 mm water-stable agglomerates as the increase of concentration. Soil available nutrient content (AN, AP, and AK) increased, peaking at 150 g·kg− 1. Graphene boosted nutrient absorption by maize plants, and aboveground total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and total potassium (TK) contents rose with the increasing application, which raised aboveground fresh weight, dry weight, plant height, and stalk thickness. The findings above confirmed our prediction that adding graphene to the soil may improve maize plant biomass by enhancing soil fertility and improving the soil environment. Given the higher manufacturing cost of single-layer graphene and the greater effect of few-layer graphene on soil and maize plants at the same concentration, single-layer graphene and few-layer graphene at a concentration of 50 g·kg− 1 were the optimal application rates.
6-Shogaol increase FOXO3a/Bim axis to inhibit ovarian cancer through ER stress/NF-κB
Authors: Han Man , Tian Yu , Liu TianQi , Li ShuFan , Liu JinMin , Gong Wei , Liu Yi , jiang hanmei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological tumor. Although surgery and chemotherapy can alleviate the disease, the prognosis for ovarian cancer remains poor. Compounds derived from natural products have been shown to be effective against a variety of diseases, including cancer. 6-Shogaol, active substances isolated from ginger, has been reported to induce apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells, but the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that 6-shogaol had a direct cytotoxic effect on ovarian cancer cells by inducing ER stress to inhibit the expression of NF-κB (P-P65), thereby upregulating FOXO3a/Bim axis to induce apoptosis. These results reveal the relationship of ER Stress, NF-κB (p-p65) and FOXO3a/Bim axis in ovarian cancer cells. Our study provides new insights into the use of 6-Shogaol in the treatment of ovarian cancer.
An analytical framework for 3D microrheology measurements using an optical trap
Authors: Matheson Andrew B. , Mendonca Tania , Smith Matthew , Sutcliffe Ben , Paterson Lynn , Dalgarno Paul A. , Wright Amanda J. , Tassieri Manlio 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Microrheology with optical tweezers (MOT) is an all-optical technique that allows for viscoelastic properties to be probed at microscopic scales, and is particularly useful for materials that feature complex microstructures, such as biological samples. MOT is increasingly being employed alongside 3D imaging systems and particle tracking methods to allow for the 3D mapping of the viscoelastic properties of materials. The inherently anisotropic nature of the optical trap strength in 3D allows viscoelastic properties to be probed over a wider range of frequencies, as the weaker trap strength in the axial direction will extend the range of low frequency/long time measurements. However, it has been shown that such anisotropy can also result in a significant overestimation of the material viscosity. In this work a new analytical method is demonstrated to overcome this artefact. This is achieved by resampling 3D MOT data over a wide range of solid angles and making some basic assumptions with regards the shape of the optical trap. This approach is applied to simulated data where the anisotropy induced maximum error in viscosity is reduced from ~ 150% to < 5% for a Newtonian fluid. The effectiveness of the method is further confirmed by experimental MOT measurements performed with water and gelatine solutions showing that viscosity can be extracted reliably across a wide frequency range. This work opens a new route to full 3D mapping of the viscoelastic properties of soft materials over a broad frequency range.
Cloud Distributed Secure Data Centre using Erasure codes - related applications
Authors: G Sahaya Stalin Jose. , C Seldev Christopher. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Erasure codes were utilized extensively during the past period to execute reliable information stores. They provide attractive trade-oﬀs among performance, storage overhead, and reliability. Encrypted data blocks organize a distributed data store that can withstand the failure of various nodules although that requires only a small proportion of the space that is required for basic replication, although at an improved decrypting and encoding cost. Nowadays, there exist several libraries executing multiple variations of erasure codes, which particularly vary in accordance with the conditions of implementation and complexity. In the current experimental investigation, a new viewpoint was examined at the technology of erasure coding libraries. In this study, a broader set of libraries that run on the contemporary hardware has been examined and their performance was considered once utilized in reasonable settings for cloud-based storage, such as once installed around several nodules in a data center. Therefore, in this study, measurements are measured for the point-to-point expenses of data retrieves across multiple distributed nodules, involving the decrypting and encoding costs, and illuminate the accomplishment one can anticipate from the different libraries when installed in the actual system. Our findings disclose critical variations in the performance of the various libraries, particularly because of the kind of the encoding and the usage of hardware-speciﬁc optimization capabilities.
The Success Rate of Small Renal Mass Core Needle Biopsy and Its Impact on Lowering Benign Resection Rate
Authors: Gao Haijuan , Nowroozizadeh Behdokht , Zepeda Joaquin Ponce , Landman Jaime , Farzaneh Ted , Johnson Cary , Hosseini Hirad , Han Min 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Small renal mass (SRM) biopsy remains under-utilized due to stigma. Meanwhile, the alarmingly high benign findings in resected kidney masses highlight the need for improved preoperative diagnosis and patient selection.
Methods: The purpose of this study is to review the success rate of SRM biopsy and to evaluate its impact on patient management. A total of 168 percutaneous image-guided core needle biopsies (CNBs) of SRMs were retrieved at a tertiary academic center between 2015 and 2019. Subsequent treatment choices, side effects and outcomes were retrospectively reviewed.
Results: The diagnostic rate of CNB was 86.9%. Benign neoplasms accounted for a significant portion (14.3%) of SRM. Renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) were the most common diagnoses (69.6%) as expected. In biopsy-resection correlation, the positive predictive value of CNB was 100%. Tumor typing and subtyping by CNB were highly accurate, 100% and 98.3% respectively. Nuclear grading for clear cell RCC was accurate in 83.8% cases. The CNB results had significant impact on treatment. Most patients with RCCs underwent either resection (54.1%) or ablation (33.9%), in contrast to observation in benign neoplasms (90.5%). Most importantly, the benign resection rate (3.2%) in this series was much lower than the national average.
Conclusion: CNB provided accurate diagnoses for the majority of SRMs and revealed benign diagnoses in a subset of clinically suspicious lesions. Employment of CNB in suspicious SRM may help avoid overtreatment for benign lesions.
Multiplex polymerase spiral reaction combined with melting curve analysis for simultaneous detection of Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Yin Caihong , pang Bo , Huang Yanzhi , Wang Xiaomu , Zhang Mengfan , Zhang Liang , Song Xiuling , Gao Yanli 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSalmonella typhimurium(S. typhimurium) andStaphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) are common food-borne pathogens that cause food poisoning and acute gastroenteritis in humans. In this study, we developed a method for rapid, sensitive and specific simultaneous determination ofS. typhimuriumandS. aureusbased on multiplex polymerase spiral reaction (m-PSR) and melting curve analysis. Two pairs of primers were designed specifically to target the conservedinvAgene sequence ofS. typhimuriumandnucgene sequence ofS. aureus, and the nucleic acid amplification reaction was achieved using Bst DNA polymerase under isothermal conditions in the same reaction tube. After amplification for 40 min at 61°C, melting curve analysis of the amplification product was carried out. The distinct mean melting temperature allowed simultaneous differentiation of the two target bacteria in the m-PSR assay. The limit of detection ofS. typhimuriumandS. aureusthat could be detected simultaneously was 4.1 × 10−4ng genomic DNA and 20 CFU/mL pure bacterial culture for each reaction. m-PSR had similar detection limits to multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Based on this method, analysis of contaminated food samples showed excellent sensitivity and specificity consistent with those of pure bacterial cultures. In conclusion, our method is rapid, simultaneous and specific, and promises to be a useful tool for the detection of food-borne pathogens in the food industry.
A General Methodology to Measure the Light-to-Heat Conversion Efficiency of Solid Materials
Authors: Zhong Haizheng , Gu Kai 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Light-to-heat conversion has been intensively investigated due to the potential applications including photothermal therapy and solar energy harvesting. As a fundamental property of materials, accurate measurement of light-to-heat conversion efficiency (LHCE) is of vital importance in developing advanced materials for photothermal applications. Herein, we report a photothermal and electrothermal equivalence (PEE) method to measure the LHCE of solid materials by simulating the laser heating process with electric heating process. The temperature evolution of samples during electric heating process was firstly measure, enabling us to derive the heat dissipation coefficient by performing a linear fitting at thermal equilibrium. The LHCE of sample can be calculated under laser heating with the consideration of heat dissipation coefficient. The random error of PEE method is about 4% with excellent reproducibility. This method is versatile to measure the LHCE of inorganic nanocrystals, carbon-based materials and organic materials, indicating the applicability of a variety of materials.
The Biofloc system potential in reducing dietary protein levels for tambaqui
Authors: SANTOS¹ Raphael Brito , IZEL-SILVA Judá , MEDEIROS¹ Paulo Adelino , Sena Michelle Midori , FREITAS¹ Thiago Mendes , ONO Eduardo Akifumi , Claudiano Gustavo , AFFONSO Elizabeth 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

This study aimed to compare tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) aspects when offered different feed protein levels and the water quality of a biofloc (BFT) system vs. a clear water (CW) system. Tambaqui juveniles (9.20 ± 0.23 g) were randomly distributed employing a 2x3 factorial experimental design to evaluate a BFT and CW system and three dietary crude protein (CP) levels (24, 28 and 32% CP) for 60 days. Decreased pH and nitrite (p < 0.05) and increased electrical conductivity, nitrate, turbidity, settleable solids and total suspended solids were observed in the BFT system compared to the CW system (p < 0.05). Tambaqui zootechnical performance in the BFT system indicated better feed conversion, final weight, weight gain, biomass, productivity, specific growth rate and protein efficiency rates and 100% survival for all CP treatments in relation to the CW system. No differences (p > 0.05) were detected in tambaqui nutritional composition and digestive enzymes, except for trypsin, which presented higher activity in fish reared in the BFT system. No statistical differences concerning performance indices were noted for CP levels, regardless of the rearing system, although the results suggest better tambaqui adaptive capacity in the BFT system, through better use of the natural food produced in this system. This estudy indicates that feed containing 24% CP may be offered to tambaqui in both systems, although the BTF system is more efficient for tambaqui farming activities.
GSH-responsive Nanoplatform for Intra/Extracellular Lactate Exhaustion to Enhance Antitumor Immunotherapy
Authors: Tan Yandi , Huang Ju , Zhang Liang , Tang Xinyi , Zhang Chunmei , Xiang Hongwei , Shen Bin , Zheng Jun , Leng Xiaojing , Li Rui 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies have reshaped tumor treatment by activating the antitumor immune response. However, the antitumor effect of ICB is seriously restricted by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITM). A variety of strategies to alleviate the ITM have been investigated. Direct regulation of lactate metabolism in tumor microenvironment holds promise for ITM modulation.
Results
Glutathione (GSH) -responsive hollow mesoporous organosilicon (HMOP) was successfully fabricated, with monocarboxylate transporter 1/4 inhibitor (diclofenac, DC) and lactate oxidase (LOD) were loaded in/onto the HMOP (designed as DC-HMOP-LOD). DC-HMOP-LOD could spontaneously be biodegraded in tumor microenvironment due to disulfide bonds, and then DC/LOD could be released to exhaust intra/extracellular lactate. Consequently, lactate depletion induced an immunocompetent tumor microenvironment by activating immune-promoting cells including dendritic cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and natural killer cells, and inactivating immunosuppressive cells containing tumor-associated macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, ultimately strengthening the antitumor effect of ICB therapy.
Conclusion
DC-HMOP-LOD effectively hindered the transmission of lactate and directly oxidized lactate, collaboratively depleting lactate in the TME. The synergetic depletion reversed the ITM and could improve the antitumor effects of aPD1-based immunotherapy.
OsDPE2 Regulates Rice Panicle Morphogenesis by Modulating the Content of Starch
Authors: Zheng Yi , Fu Bao , Yang Zenan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Starch is a carbon sink for most plants, and its biological role changes with response to the environment and during plant development. Disproportionating Enzyme 2 (DPE2) is a 4-α-glycosyltransferase involved in starch degradation in plants at night. LAX1 plays a vital role in axillary meristem initiation of rice. Here, we report that the mutant phenotype of lax1-6, LAX1 mutant, could be rescued by Oryza Disproportionating Enzyme 2 (OsDPE2). OsDPE2 encodes rice DPE2 located in the cytoplasm. Our results show that OsDPE2 affects vegetative plant development of rice by DPE2 activity. Additionally, OsDPE2 regulates vegetative and reproductive plant development of rice by modulating the content of starch of young panicles. Furthermore, haplotype OsDPE2(AQ) with higher DPE2 activity increase the panicle yield of rice. Summery, this study found that OsDPE2 regulates vegetative and reproductive plant development of rice by modulating the content of starch, and the DPE2 activities of OsDPE2 haplotypes were associated with the panicle yield of rice. This study provides guidance and breeding materials for improving panicle yield traits in rice.
Is there any association between urinary phthalate metabolites and type 1 diabetes mellitus?
Authors: Hashemipour Mahin , Amin Mohammad Mehdi , Mozafarian Nafiseh , Hovsepian Silva , Zavareh Mohsen Hani Tabaei , Karimian Pegah , Kelishadi Roya 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the association between some phthalate metabolites and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children. This case-control study was conducted in 2019–2020 in Isfahan, Iran. Participants consisted of 150 newly diagnosed cases of T1DM children and an equal number of age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Urinary phthalate metabolites (mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP) and Monobutyl phthalate (MBP)) were measured and compared between the two groups. The association between urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites and T1DM was determined after adjusting for age, sex, parental education, and duration of breastfeeding, and dietary patterns. Overall, 294 children (147 in each group) with a mean age of 8.5(3.7) years completed the study. The mean urinary concentration of phthalate metabolites in diabetic patients were significantly higher than controls [35(0.09–134) vs. 28.9(0.07-95) for MBP, 38.8(0.21-75) vs. 18.9(6.7–46.4) for MBzP, 263(105–603) vs. 90(44.5–237) for MEOHP, 1034(385–1884) vs. 514(188–1447) for MEHHP, P < 0.05 for all metabolites].High levels of urinary MEOHP significantly increased the risk of T1DM; OR (95% CI): 10.1(2.9–34.3).Our study indicated that the urine concentration of phthalate metabolites is significantly higher in T1DM patients and a significant association was found between MEOHP and T1DM.Our findings could be used as a baseline study for identifying the sources of the metabolites and introducing them to health policymakers as well as researchers to plan further studies for better understanding the role of different endocrine disruptor chemicals in the pathogenesis of T1DM.
Benefits of switching to a fixed-dose single-tablet elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide co-formulation from free multi- tablet antiretroviral regimens in people living with HIV: A real-world study
Authors: Nie Jingmin , Cao Qi , Du Xiang , Zeng Qingling , Meng Huiling , Liu Yanbin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Fixed-dose single-tablet drug formulations reduce pill burden and improve medication adherence and treatment efficacy in HIV patients taking antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study aimed to describe a single-center experience using co-formulated elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (EVG/COBI/FTC/TAF) for the treatment of HIV-infected patients in Southwest China.
Methods
This prospective study enrolled consecutive HIV-infected patients admitted to the Chongqing Public Health Medical Center from October 2019 to April 2021. The patients who switched from the freely-available standard regimens (available through the Chinese national antiretroviral treatment program) to the EVG/COBI/FTC/TAF tablet were enrolled. Baseline characteristics, HIV viral suppression (< 50 RNA copies/mL), immune status, laboratory indices, and patient-reported outcomes were recorded and analyzed.
Results
During the study period, 246 patients switched to EVG/COBI/FTC/TAF, and the most common regimen used before switching was tenofovir disoproxil fumarate + lamivudine + efavirenz (76.0%). The mean age of enrolled patients was 43.7 ± 13.8 years, and 84.6% of our study population was male. The mean baseline CD4 + T-lymphocyte count was 227.45 ± 177.01 cells/µl. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) (n = 130, 52.9%), inconvenience (n = 64, 26.0%), and poor therapeutic effect (n = 52, 21.1%) were the reasons for switching therapy. After 24 weeks of EVG/COBI/FTC/TAF treatment, 100 patients underwent drug efficacy evaluation, and the viral suppression rate was observed to be significantly higher than baseline (99% vs. 90%, p = 0.001). Triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein levels were found to be higher than baseline (all p < 0.001). The proportion of patients with hyperglycemia and albuminuria was significantly reduced after switching (p < 0.05). Analysis of responses to the HIV treatment satisfaction questionnaire showed that patient satisfaction increased after switching (p < 0.001) ART drug regimen.
Conclusions
Switching from a multi-tablet regimen to the fixed-dose EVG/COBI/FTC/TAF single-tablet ART regimen was effective and well-tolerated in Chinese HIV-infected patients. Patient satisfaction increased significantly after switching.