bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Latina/o/x Pilgrimage and Embodiment
Authors: Vargas Daisy 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter posits that a focus on pilgrimage, of both humans and devotional objects and images, provides scholars with new avenues to approach historical and contemporary issues of migration, labor, and politics; the affective bonds between devotees and saint images, forged through the devotional labor of pilgrimage and procession, create a historical and theological bridge between preconquest religion, colonial Catholicism, and contemporary Christianity. This chapter portrays pilgrimage traditions among Latina/o/x communities in the United States to be as much about religions traveling on the bodies of migrants as they are cultural descriptors of migrant communities in diaspora. The chapter emphasizes that pilgrimage is not only about the religious moving through the migrant body but also about the political and cultural implications of migrant religious bodies and images on a racialized American landscape.
Afro-Cuban Catholicisms
Authors: Pérez Elizabeth 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter focuses on Afro-Cuban Catholic beliefs and practices, taking an historical approach and bringing the reader up to the contemporary moment. As the chapter will demonstrate, people of African descent in Cuba have developed politically sophisticated and multivalent responses to Catholicism as ecclesia docens—the Church hierarchy in its authoritative teaching function—and to the Church as an institutional structure. Likewise, practitioners of transnational Afro-Cuban West and Central African–inspired religions have been embedded in complex relationships with Catholic theology writ large and its social inscription within the power structures of local parishes while grappling with Catholicism as a hegemonic source of cultural value. This chapter pays special attention to a mi manera (“in my own way”)—Catholics who draw on a rich and familiar history of prerevolutionary idiomatic expression in which women have been dominant and powerful figures.
The Authority of the Bible in the Multiscriptural Context of Korean Christianity
Authors: Lee Yoon Kyung 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The most distinctive feature of Korean Christianity is the absolute authority that is given to the Bible. Yet Korean Christianity confers such power and authority to the Bible in the multiscriptural context of Korea. Traditionally, Koreans believe firmly in the inherent authority of the sacred scriptures of Buddhism and Confucianism. Throughout history, Koreans experienced the mystic-redemptive power of the Buddhist scriptures and the ethical-redemptive power of the Confucian canonical texts. Korean Christians, in turn, have similarly accepted the Bible with the highest regard. Ironically, this renders a cultural supremacy that depoliticizes the Bible, thereby diminishing its effect on Korean society.
Reunification of South and North Koreas
Authors: Ha Kyung-Taek 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter evaluates biblical and theological studies attempted by Korean scholars to justify Korean unification and offers suggestions for future studies. This work can be divided into four approaches: conceptual, historical, missionary, and theological. They are meaningful despite their limitations and lay the foundation for a unification theology. The reunification of the Korean peninsula would not only unite two countries but also realize biblical values and ideologies, including peace, forgiveness, and reconciliation. Pursuit of reunification also addresses theological concepts, such as oneness, “all Israel,” remnant, the Kingdom of God, mission to the ends of the earth, and a new creation. Biblical and theological studies clarify responses and actions necessary for the processes of Korean reunification.
Tapestry of Korean Biblical Interpretations in the Making
Authors: Lee Won W. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Korean Christianity is renowned for its rapid growth and conservative theological orientation. This phenomenon is inextricably tied to Korean appropriation of the Bible in their religiocultural and sociopolitical context since the eighteenth century. Less understood, however, is the complex tapestry of Korean biblical interpretation that emerged from being missionized, colonized, internally divided, and incorporated into global norms. These countervailing forces proffer a distinctive Korean-ness of biblical interpretation. On the one hand, it tracks closely the influence of conservative Western missionaries. On the other hand, it reflects God’s liberating intervention for Koreans and the Korean diaspora. Both of these movements respond to and move beyond distinct histories of oppression. This introduction coheres twenty-four papers by grouping them into four waves of reciprocal interpretative encounters shaping Korean appropriation of the Bible and Christian practices. Although some conservatively align with received Western orthodoxy, others embrace a sense of complementarity that informs the spectrum of Korean Christian thought and practice, the long-standing religious traditions of Korea, the diversity of Korea’s global diaspora, and the learning of non-Koreans who are attentive to the impact of the Bible in Korea.
‘Let’s have a dance’
Authors: Winkler Amanda Eubanks 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
When we think of Shakespeare’s tragedy Macbeth, we might recall the famous soliloquy upon a dagger or Lady Macbeth’s compulsive hand washing. We do not think of showstopping musical numbers. And yet, for audiences in Restoration London, the musical witches in Macbeth were a big draw. As diarist Samuel Pepys observed, ‘[it is] one of the best plays for a stage, and variety of dancing and music, that ever I saw’ (19 April 1667). This chapter considers the dramaturgical strategies Restoration-era adapters used when making space for music, through an analysis of Davenant’s Macbeth (1663/1664), Dryden/Davenant’s The Tempest (1667; rev. Shadwell, 1674), Purcell’s The Fairy-Queen (1692), and Gildon’s Measure for Measure (1700). As innovative as these adaptations were, not everything was new: I also consider Restoration Shakespeare as palimpsest. Just as traces of Shakespeare’s plays co-existed alongside newly composed lines of text, older songs were retained or their memory lingered.
Shakespeare in Sweden
Authors: Broad Leah 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
When the director Per Lindberg took up the Artistic Directorship of the Lorensberg Theatre in Gothenburg in 1919, he intended to use the position to revolutionize Swedish theatre. Believing that realism, the predominant theatrical style, was outdated and made theatre unpopular, Lindberg wanted instead to create a spectacular form of theatre that he hoped would be popular with a broad audience. Shakespeare was central to this new theatre, as Lindberg framed him as an accessible, modern playwright, staging multiple Shakespeare plays at the Lorensberg. This chapter examines the role that music played in Lindberg’s Shakespeare productions, focusing on the 1922 Romeo and Juliet with music by Wilhelm Stenhammar. Both Stenhammar and Lindberg saw the theatre as a potential force for social improvement, and the chapter contextualizes their conception of modern theatre within interlinked debates about contemporary politics, theatrical style, and musical modernism. It argues that this context is crucial for understanding both Stenhammar’s resistance to musical modernism, and Shakespeare’s significance as a playwright in 1920s Sweden.
Masculinity, Everyday Racism, and Gaming
Authors: Ortiz Stephanie M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Online gaming provides sociologists with a valuable site for exploring the complex relationship between masculinity and racism. After reviewing the ways masculinity and racism have been studied in sociology and in the interdisciplinary research on online gaming, this chapter proposes incorporating sociological approaches to masculinity and everyday racism into the study of gaming through two analytic shifts. First, the chapter centers on Whiteness in the examination of masculinity, exploring how emotions, manhood acts, and peer socialization contribute to everyday racism in a gaming context. Second, it broadens the study of experiences of racism in gaming by including an analysis of masculinity as a set of practices used as resistance against racism. The chapter suggests that White masculinity is key to understanding the often-overlooked ways that racism is reproduced and tolerated by men navigating a world where hegemonic masculinity is the gold standard.
Backlash Against Feminism
Authors: Kenney Sally J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Backlash is a reaction to real or perceived change, leaving progressives worse off by catalyzing conservatives to oppose change by changing their opinions to be more negative, holding opposing views more deeply, or taking action, including violence, when they would not have otherwise. The claim that progressive social change has been counterproductive is an empirical one, but too often those diagnosing backlash fail to distinguish what is truly a measurable setback from the fierce countermobilization of preexisting opponents who are losing ground. Progressives themselves have famously warned against using courts in particular to advance the causes of civil rights, gender equality, or gay rights, yet careful examination reveals no regression in response to legal progress. Once we complicate a simple linear understanding of progress, think about gender inequality intersectionally, and add an analysis of discursive countermobilizations to simple empirical measures of progress, we must conclude the implicit baggage the concept carries outweighs its usefulness.
International Exploitation, Capital Export, and Unequal Exchange
Authors: Cogliano Jonathan F. , Kaneko Soh , Veneziani Roberto , Yoshihara Naoki 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter discusses how international exploitation and unequal exchange emerge in the global economy by focussing on simple economic models with and without credit markets. Free trade of commodities among rich and poor countries results in a transfer of labour time between countries, allowing the citizens of some countries to consume more of the world’s social labour than they have contributed. Capital movements across borders together with strong restrictions on the movement of people result in net exporters of capital exploiting (or benefitting from unequal exchange at the expense of) net capital importers. Under perfect competition, mutual benefits from free trade in goods and capital can coexist alongside unequal flows of revenue and labour in the world economy. Market imperfections and the open use of coercion are not necessary for international exploitation to emerge. However, they may be central for it to persist over time.
Slavery, Capitalism, and Imperialism
Authors: Rioux Sébastien 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter problematizes the relationship between slavery, capitalism, and imperialism. First, it explores how slavery and the slave trade played a key historical role in capital accumulation and international value transfer from the early modern period to the Industrial Revolution. More specifically, it looks at the central importance of slavery in the expansion of capitalist trade and production as well as its role in the constitution of an international division of labour premised upon the uneven exploitation of distant spaces and populations. Second, the chapter explores the ways in which capitalist techniques shaped slavery and its institutions. In this respect, it investigates the rationalization of slave production in the context of an increasingly competitive international market in goods. Third, the chapter considers the fundamental importance of struggles and resistance against slavery in the context of capitalist imperialism. The chapter concludes with a discussion on modern-day slavery and its roots in militarized borders, wars of encroachment, and dependent economies of imperialism.
Surplus Labour
Authors: Scherrer Christoph 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Informal labour relations and underemployed persons abound in many formerly colonized countries. The abundance of persons offering their labour power in relationship to the limited demand for their labour stems from the insufficient absorption of peasants set free from their land. In many late industrializing countries, most of those who are leaving agriculture do not find gainful employment. In fact, many of the late industrializers are prematurely de-industrializing. Based on a comparison between the conditions prevalent among the early industrializers and present-day latecomers to industry and advanced services, this chapter highlights how the generally violent passage from an agrarian-rural to a capitalist industrial-urban economy is aggravated by imperialist legacies and current post-imperialist practices for many countries of the Global South.
Theories of International Trade and Economic Imperialism
Authors: Dunn Bill 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter introduces and reviews a long tradition of theories which highlight unequal trade relations between countries, contesting the Ricardian view of mutual gains. Focussing particularly on mercantilism, ideas of changing terms of trade after Prebisch and Singer, and theories of unequal exchange, the chapter assesses the utility of theories of trade inequality in the twenty-first century. It argues that trade, and trade inequalities, need to be understood in their social and historical context and as one important dimension of the broader construction, reconstruction, and contestation of social relations. Contemporary trade relations therefore need to be understood, in particular, alongside changing class relations within countries and in the context of the expansion of corporate investment, which among other things creates problems for the way trade and the putative gains from trade are measured. Relations of trade also need to be understood in the context of broader relations of international inequality, particularly relations of political power and of money and finance.
Kids Feeling Good About Being Indigenous at School and Its Link to Heightened Educational Aspirations
Authors: Peacock Huw , Guerzoni Michael A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Aspiration formation is an important milestone in the cognitive and personal development of children, influential in directing their life pursuits entering adulthood. Educational aspirations are particularly prized, and subsequently nurtured, within Western societies. For Indigenous children, connection to, embrace of, and security in one’s indigeneity has been shown to be conducive to more favorable maturation, educational outcomes, and emotional and physical well-being. This chapter employs quantitative data from the Longitudinal Study of Indigenous Children Wave 8 K cohort to examine how cultural identity influences the secondary school completion aspirations of 499 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and/or Torres Strait Islander children aged 10.5–12 years. The authors find that Indigenous children who are comfortable in their indigeneity, particularly in the classroom, are more likely to desire to complete their secondary education. These findings support the need for further awareness and more support by teachers of Indigenous children.
Religious Peacebuilding since World War II
Authors: Dragovic Denis 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Religion has had a long and complicated history with war and peace. This chapter picks up on the ongoing story at the beginning of the Cold War by focusing on the previously undocumented modern history of religious peacebuilding. It shows how the social and geopolitical environment influences important doctrinal changes that then open the door for religious peacebuilding. The second section applies some of the global insights to the current Syrian conflict and the role of religious leaders in actively undertaking peacebuilding to facilitate the safe return of refugees. This chapter adopts a new perspective, one that emphasizes the importance of identifying religious enablers and spoilers rather than assuming that all people of faith embrace peace.
Phonological Abstraction in The Mental Lexicon
Authors: Baković Eric , Heinz Jeffrey , Rawski Jonathan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, we examine the nature of the long-term memory representation of the pronunciations of words. A fundamental question concerns how abstract these representations are vis à vis the physical manifestation of words, both as gestures and as physical percepts. We consider this question and related issues within the traditions of linguistic cognition and generative phonology. We first explore the general nature of abstraction, and then review the arguments in generative phonology for positing that the units of speech stored in long-term memory (so called ‘underlying forms’) abstract away from many phonetic details. Motivations for concepts such as phonemes and distinctive phonological features are given. We then visit the open question regarding how abstract underlying forms may be allowed to be. We conclude by highlighting the contributions that evidence from neuroscience and sign language linguistics brings to these issues of phonological abstraction in the mental lexicon.
Compositionality of concepts
Authors: Stojnic Gala , Lepore Ernie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis chapter focuses on the problem of concept composition: to obtain a complex concept such as RED SQUARE, the mind has to be able to combine simple concepts, RED and SQUARE. It is argued here that compositionality constraint is a necessary element of any cognitively plausible theory of concepts. The chapter provides an overview of the theories of concepts that have been particularly influential in cognitive science, such as the Inferential Roles Semantics and the Prototype theory. At the same time, it aims to show how these theories still fall short of providing a satisfying solution for compositionality constraint. The chapter concludes by emphasizing the importance of compositionality constraint by stating that it should be regarded as a critical (rather than a secondary) concern that guides both theoretical and empirical research on concept representations.
Infants’ Learning of Speech Sounds and Word-Forms
Authors: Swingley Daniel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHow do infants start learning their native language? This chapter reviews the conventional understanding of this problem, illustrated by a review of the most important studies in this area, and suggests that this conventional understanding mischaracterizes the problem infants solve and the developmental process by which they solve it. Recent experimental and modeling work from several labs suggest new ways to think about the beginnings of language learning and the emergence of the lexicon.
Systematicity and Arbitrariness In Language
Authors: Yang Charles 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis chapter reassesses two traditional ideas about the nature of language—Saussurean arbitrariness and Humboldtian infinity—in light of the modern study of linguistic productivity, language acquisition, and cognitive science. It reviews evidence from child language that productivity is categorical, which enables the language user to overcome the arbitrariness of words with systematic generalizations. Such a conception of productivity place severe constraints on the language learning mechanism that children use to form productive generalizations from a finite number of examples. Special focus is given to the Tolerance Principle, which appears to underlie the acquisition of rules in phonology, morphology, and syntax. The connection between a learning-theoretic approach to language and the structural theory of language is discussed, which may also elucidate the role of language acquisition in children’s conceptual development.
The Ethics of Virtual Sexual Assault
Authors: Danaher John 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter addresses the growing problem of unwanted sexual interactions in virtual environments. It reviews the available evidence regarding the prevalence and severity of this problem. It then argues that due to the potential harms of such interactions, as well as their non-consensual nature, there is a good prima facie argument for viewing them as serious moral wrongs. Does this prima facie argument hold up to scrutiny? After considering three major objections (the ‘it’s not real’ objection, the ‘it’s just a game’ objection, and the ‘unrestricted consent’ objection), this chapter argues that it does. The chapter closes by reviewing some of the policy options available to us in addressing the problem of virtual sexual assault.
Humans in Island Southeast Asia Prior to Homo sapiens Settlement, with Special Reference to Java Island
Authors: Sémah François , Sémah Anne-Marie , Simanjuntak Truman , Widianto Harry 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Human fossil discoveries in Java are anchored in the history of science and in Javanese culture. Looking back at the early steps of research is informative regarding the emergence of human paleontology and sheds light on the progressive understanding of natural factors and events involved in human evolution, a major chapter of it having been written in Southeast Asia. Java is part of the “Malay archipelago,” and its colonization by continental fauna and humans is closely related to the paleogeographic history of the Sunda shelf and to the geotectonic activity. Dispersals, exchanges with mainland, and insular endemism followed complex patterns which are only partly understood today. Stratigraphic sedimentary series are quite diversified throughout Java Island, and are present together with records offered by karstic fillings and river terraces. Combined stratigraphical, paleontological, and archaeological registers leads to the draft of a “storyline” that helps to identify research priorities in order to reach a better matching level between prehistory and the paleobiogeographical history of the archipelagos. One of the major issues that must be sorted out is an apparent linear evolution of Javanese Homo erectus, at odds with the record of repetitive exchanges with Asian mainland documented by the fauna. Such an entry point leads to numerous related questions, as for example human dispersals beyond the Wallace Line, the emergence of endemic forms, the possible coexistence of different forms of humankind, and the dissemination or isolation of cultural traditions.
The Dong Son Culture of Vietnam
Authors: Kim Nam C. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter deals with the archaeological record of the Dongson Culture, which dates to the first millennium BC and is located in the northern region of present-day Vietnam. Renowned for its large, ceremonial bronze drums and viewed by many as the foundational culture for an emerging Vietnamese civilization, bearers of the Dongson Culture were farming societies scattered throughout the Bac Bo region of Vietnam along its main river systems. These communities were marked by sophisticated bronze-working industries, intensifying agricultural practices, and degrees of social differentiation and political complexity. They were well positioned for interaction and exchange with others throughout the local area and further afield, connecting Dongson societies with counterparts elsewhere in present-day areas of central Vietnam, southern China, Laos, and Thailand.