bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial and Temporal distribution of Foot and Mouth disease in cattle in Uganda from 2010 – 2021 (A retrospective study)
Authors: Okello Justine , Okello Walter , Muhanguzi Sulman , Kakuru Clet , Nambo Esther , Omodo Michael , Ademun Rose Anna , Opiyo Felix Lakor , Odoch Terence , Kankya Clovice , Mwiine Frank , Nsawotebba Andrew 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Foot and Mouth disease is a notifiable trans-boundary disease, which is endemic in a large area of Sub-Saharan Africa, including Uganda. Recently, the disease has emerged from new areas, with high impact, hence threatening the food security and livelihoods of different animal owners. This study described the temporal and spatial distribution of FMD in Uganda, and factors associated with its occurrence
Methods: Data previously archived at the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF) in Uganda, from 2010 to 2021, were analyzed using Microsoft Excel, QGIS and R software
Results: A total of 22,690 FMD cases were reported in Uganda between 2010 and 2021 with an average and median of 1169 and 37 outbreaks per year respectively. In this period, FMD was reported at least once in 58 districts (43%) of all districts of the country (n = 135). The occurrence of FMD outbreaks was found to be seasonal with peak outbreaks in November and a low in August. FMD was reported all over the country, with the majority of cases 45% (10,211) reported from Eastern, 38% (8,685) from western region, 6% (1,354) from northern region and 11% (2,440) from central region. Most FMD cases were reported during the dry month of November, January, and February.
Conclusion: FMD occurred in all the four regions of the country and showed statistically significant decrease in the long-term trend. Numbers of outbreaks were relatively higher during dry season. The spatial and temporal distribution identified in this study should be considered in controlling the disease. As unregulated and frequent animal movements are the likely causes of high outbreak occurrence during the dry season, animal movement regulations should be considered for the long-term control of FMD.
Recommendation: Strategic vaccination of animals should commence at least a month prior to the onset dry season to ensure immunity against the virus, together with restrictions on animal movements during dry season and farmers have to be aware about the risk of unrestricted animal movement.
An exploratory approach to the implicit and explicit assessment of risk: Benefits of their combined use for the prediction of risk attitudes and risky behavior
Authors: Kim Do-Yeong , Park Junsu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Exclusive reliance on declarative measures of risk attitude may lead to an incorrect overall picture of the construct and its relations with behavioral outcomes. This study approached these concerns from a social cognition perspective by looking at implicitly assessed attitudes toward risk measured using the implicit association test (IAT). We conducted two studies to identify the benefits of using the IAT in studying risk attitudes.
Methods
In Study 1, we recruited 62 students enrolled in an MBA program (older group) and asked them to complete the explicit and implicit attitudinal measures of the risk test, along with measures of risk-related personality traits. Newly collected data obtained from the older group were compared with corresponding data from their younger counterparts reported in a previous study. In Study 2, 53 students majoring in financial engineering (FE) were recruited and asked to complete explicit and implicit measures of financial risk attitudes. A week later, they were instructed to join a simulated real-world stock trading competition.
Results
Study 1 found theoretically expected age differences more manifest in implicit measures of risk attitude than conceptually corresponding explicit measures, further identifying psychosocial maturity as a mediator in an inverse age – implicit risk attitude relationship. Study 2 demonstrated that the prediction of individual differences in stock return performance is improved when the explicit risk control and implicit stock investment operate in a complementary manner; implicitly aggressive students who majored in FE had higher rates of return on stock when they were predisposed more explicitly to pursuing control over expected future returns.
Conclusion
These results suggest that implicit measurement approach serves as a useful complement to more traditional, explicit ones. It could propose a new perspective that offers a basis for providing insights into risky behavior and supplementing existing knowledge of human behaviors.
Causal Effect of Coeliac Disease on Thyroid Dysfunctions: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Wei Li , Song Shihan , Xu Ruihua , Chen Lili , Wu Wencan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Various epidemiological reports demonstrate that celiac disease is associated with thyroid diseases, however, it remains controversial whether this association reflects causation. We aim to investigate whether there is a causal relationship between CD and hyper- / hypo-thyroidism using the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
Methods
Genetic variants associated (P < 5×10− 8) with CD were extracted as exposure from the IEU GWAS database in UK Biobank participants, while the hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism summary statistics were retrieved as outcomes. Inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) method was the main MR analysis to evaluate the causal effect of CD on thyroid dysfunction risk. Then, MR-Egger and weighted median method were used for sensitivity analysis. Finally, Using Comprehensive sensitivity analyses to assessed heterogeneity and to excluded outliers with horizontal pleiotropic effects.
Results
IVW analysis didn't show a significant association between CD and hypothyroidism (OR = 1.97, 95% CI 0.9–4.29, P = 0.09). In contrast, genetic predisposition to CD was significantly associated with increased risk of hyperthyroidism (OR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.49–1.82, P = 1.17×−21). Multiple sensitivity analyses and statistical power endorsed the robustness of our MR results.
Conclusion
This study provided a genetic evidence that CD accounted for an increased risk of hyperthyroidism rather than hypothyroidism. Our findings suggest that justifies broader thyroid function and thyroid-associated-antibody screenings in CD patients.
24-Hour Efficacy of Single Primary Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty versus latanoprost eye drops for Naïve Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension Patients
Authors: Shi Yipeng , Zhang Yan , Sun Wenying , Huang Alex S. , Chen Shuang , Zhang Lixia , Wang Wei , Xie Like , Xie Xiaobin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This prospective, observer-masked, randomized clinical trial was conducted between December 2018 and June 2021 at Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. A total of 45 glaucoma patients from Beijing, China were enrolled in this clinical trial to compare the short-term efficacy of primary single-selective laser trabeculloplasty (SLT) with 0.005% latanoprost eye drops for the treatment of 24-hour intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with newly diagnosed primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and ocular hypertension (OHT). Both SLT and latanoprost significantly decreased mean 24-hour IOP and peak IOP, although the latanoprost group effect was more potent when compared to the SLT group (both P < 0.05). Compared with the SLT group, the latanoprost group had a significant and stable decrease in IOP after treatment, and the latanoprost group had a more pronounced reduction in IOP at weeks 4 and 12 (P༜0.05), but had no effect at week 1 (P = 0.097). As a first-line treatment, both SLT and latanoprost eye drops are effective in newly diagnosed POAG and OHT patients. However, the latanoprost eye drops may be better in decreasing mean and peak 24-hour IOP and controlling 24-hour IOP fluctuation compared to SLT.
Increased Interleukin-6 is Associated with Long COVID-19: Evidence from a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Yin Jing-Xian , Agbana Yannick Luther , Sun Zhi-Shan , Fei Si-Wei , Zhao Han-Qing , Zhou Xiao-Nong , Chen Jun-Hu , Kassegne Kokouvi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can involve persistence, sequelae, and other medical complications that last weeks to months to evolve into long COVID-19. Exploratory studies have suggested that interleukin-6 (IL-6) is related to COVID-19; however, no correlation between IL-6 and long COVID-19 is known. We designed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the relationship between IL-6 levels and long COVID-19.
Methods
Databases were systematically searched for articles with data on long COVID-19 and IL-6 levels published before August 31, 2022. A total of 22 published studies were eligible for inclusion following the PRISMA guidelines. Analysis of data was undertaken by using Cochran's Q test and the Higgins I-squared (I2) statistic for heterogeneity. Random-effect meta-analyses were conducted to pool the IL-6 levels of long COVID-19 patients and to compare the differences in IL-6 levels among the long COVID-19, healthy, non-post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (non-PASC), and acute COVID-19 populations. The funnel plot and Egger's test were used to assess potential publication bias. Sensitivity analysis was used to test the stability of the results.
Results
An increase in IL-6 levels was observed after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The pooled estimate of IL-6 revealed a mean value of 20.92 pg/ml (95% CI = 9.30–32.54 pg/ml, I2 = 100%, p < 0.01) for long COVID-19. The forest plot showed high levels of IL-6 levels with long COVID-19 compared to healthy controls (mean difference = 9.75 pg/ml, 95% CI = 5.75–13.75 pg/ml, I2 = 100%, p < 0.00001) and PASC category (mean difference = 3.32 pg/ml, 95% CI = 0.22–6.42 pg/ml, I2 = 88%, p = 0.04). The symmetry of the funnel plots was not obvious, and Egger’s test showed that there was no significant small study effect in all groups (long COVID-19 versus healthy controls, p = 0.24; long COVID-19 versus non-PASC, p = 0.31).
Conclusions
This study showed that increased IL-6 correlates with long COVID-19. Such an informative revelation suggests IL-6 as a basic determinant to predict long COVID-19 or at least inform on “early stage” of long COVID-19.
Robust stability/stabilization with variable convergence rate for uncertain impulsive stochastic systems
Authors: Li Yuanen , Zhang Huasheng , Xie Xiangpeng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper researches the interval-driven variable convergence rate robust stability/stabilization of uncertain impulsive stochastic systems. First, a new conception of variable convergence rate stability for uncertain impulsive stochastic systems is given in conjunction with the idea of generalized pole configurations. Also, a new criterion for variable convergence rate robust stability/stabilization of uncertain impulsive stochastic systems is given, which can reflect and regulate the convergence rate of the system state. In addition, a new algorithm is designed by means of an interval-driven stabilization method. This algorithm, combined with the variable convergence rate criterion, achieves accurate control of the convergence rate of the state at the operational level. Double instances are proposed to verify the superiority of the the method.
Nondestructive monitoring of annealing and chemical–mechanical planarization behavior using ellipsometry and deep learning
Authors: Song Yi , Sun Qimeng , Yang Dekun , Liu Tianjian , Liu Jianhong , Wang Shizhao , Hu Sizhou , Liu Sheng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Cu-filling process in through-silicon via (TSV-Cu) is a key technology for chip stacking and three-dimensional vertical packaging. During this process, defects resulting from chemical–mechanical planarization (CMP) and annealing severely affect the reliability of the chips. Traditional methods of defect characterization are destructive and cumbersome. In this study, a new defect inspection method was developed using Mueller matrix spectroscopic ellipsometry. TSV-Cu with a 3-µm-diameter and 8-µm-deep Cu-filling showed three typical types of defects: over-dishing (defect-OD), protrusion (defect-P), and defect-free defects. The process window for each defect was 13 nm. First, the three typical defects caused by CMP and annealing were investigated. With single-channel deep learning and a Mueller matrix element (MME), the TSV-Cu defect types could be distinguished with an accuracy rate of 99.94%. Next, seven effective MMEs were used as seven channels in the artificial neural network to quantify the height variation in the Cu-filling in the z-direction. The accuracy rate was 98.92% after training, and the recognition accuracy reached 1 nm. The proposed approach rapidly and nondestructively evaluates the annealing bonding and CMP processes, which can improve the reliability of high-density integration.
Shadow imaging for panoptical visualization of brain tissue in vivo
Authors: Dembitskaya Yulia , Boyce Andrew , Idziak Agata , Pourkhalili Atefeh , Bourdeelles Guillaume Le , Girard Jordan , Arizono Misa , Ducros Mathieu , Sato-Fitoussi Marie ,   Amaia Ochoa de Amezaga1, Oizel Kristell , Bancelin Stephane , Mercier Luc , Pfeiffer Thomas , Thompson Roger , Kim Sun Kwang , Bikfalvi Andreas , Nägerl Valentin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Progress in neuroscience research hinges on technical advances in visualizing living brain tissue with high fidelity and facility. Current neuroanatomical imaging approaches either require tissue fixation, do not have cellular resolution or only give a fragmented view. Here, we show how regular light microscopy together with fluorescence labeling of the interstitial fluid in the extracellular space provide comprehensive optical access in real-time to the anatomical complexity and dynamics of living brain tissue.
Temporal chromatin accessibility changes define transcriptional states essential for osteosarcoma metastasis
Authors: Pontius William , Hong Ellen , Faber Zachary , Gray Jeremy , Peacock Craig , Bayles Ian , Lovrenert Katreya , Bartels Cynthia , Scacheri Peter 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The metastasis-invasion cascade describes the series of steps required for a cancer cell to successfully spread from its primary tumor and ultimately grow within a secondary organ. Despite metastasis being a dynamic, multistep process, most omics studies to date have focused on comparing primary tumors to the metastatic deposits that define end-stage disease. This static approach means we lack information about the genomic and epigenomic changes that occur during the majority of tumor progression. One particularly understudied phase of tumor progression is metastatic colonization, during which cells must adapt to the new microenvironment of the secondary organ. Through temporal profiling of chromatin accessibility and gene expression in vivo, we identify dynamic changes in the epigenome that occur as osteosarcoma tumors form and grow within the lung microenvironment. Furthermore, we show through paired in vivo and in vitro CRISPR drop-out screens and pharmacological validation that the upstream transcription factors represent a class of metastasis-specific dependency genes. While current models depict lung colonization as a discrete step within the metastatic cascade, our study shows it is a defined trajectory through multiple epigenetic states, revealing new therapeutic opportunities undetectable with standard approaches.
Fundamentals of Low-Resistive 2D-Semiconductor Metal Contacts: An Ab-initio NEGF Study
Authors: Afzalian Aryan , Duflou Rutger , Pourtois Geoffrey , Houssa Michel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Metal contacts form one of the main limitations for the introduction of 2D materials in next-generation scaled devices. Through ab-initio simulation techniques, we shed light on the fundamental physics and screen several 2D and 3D top and side contacts metals. Our findings highlight that a low semiconducting-metal contact resistance can be achieved. By selecting an appropriate 2D metal, we demonstrate both ohmic or small Schottky barrier top and side contacts. This leads to low contact resistance and good device drive performance, provided the doping concentration is sufficiently high. Additionally, we show that this doping concentration can be achieved through electrostatic doping with a gate. Finally, we perform a screening of possible 2D-3D top contacts. Finding an ohmic 2D-3D contact without a Schottky barrier has proven difficult, but it is shown that for the case of intermediate interaction strength and a limited Schottky barrier, low contact resistances can be achieved.
Command Filter-Based Adaptive NN Fixed-Time Prescribed Performance Control for Nonstrict-Feedback Nonlinear Systems
Authors: Yang Xiaoli , Li Jing , Ge Shuzhi Sam , Liang Xiaoling 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A command filter-based adaptive tracking control strategy is designed for a class of the nonstrict-feedback nonlinear systems. Compared with the existing performance functions, a new performance function, the fixed-time performance function, is proposed for the first time, which does not depend on the accurate initial value of the error signal and has the ability of finite-time convergence. Radial basis function neural network method is introduced to approximate the unknown nonlinear functions and the characteristic of the Gaussian basis functions is utilized to overcome the difficulties from the nonstrict-feedback structure. Moreover, in contrast to the traditional Backstepping technique, the command filter is introduced, which solves the “explosion of complexity” problem and relaxes the assumption on the reference signal. And then, it is guaranteed that the tracking error falls within a prescribed small neighborhood by the designed performance functions in fixed time and the closed-loop system is semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded (SGUUB). The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is verified by numerical simulation.
Prevalence and Associated Psychological Factors of Anxiety and Depression Among Patients With Breast Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy at Bugando Medical Centre in Mwanza: the Need for Interdepartmental Management Approach
Authors: Maghina Justine , Chibwae Alfred , Kapesa Anthony , Kiyeti Hauli 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: The diagnosis of breast cancer and the traumatic treatment can cause profound emotional distress for breast cancer patients. Several psychological disorders are experienced by the patient with breast cancer at all the times studies identified. The burden of the psychological disorders, the factors associated and the psychological disorder interventions during breast cancer management have not been elucidated in Tanzania and other low-income settings. This study has therefore aimed at determining the prevalence and associated psychological factors of Anxiety and Depression among patients with breast cancer received hospitals therapy in tertiary care Hospital in Tanzania.
Methods:A cross-sectional design involved one hundred and thirty-one breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy at Bugando Medical Centre from September 2017 to March 2018 The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to determine the prevalence and associated psychological factors of depression and anxiety of breast cancer patients.
Results:According to Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Prevalence of depression among breast cancer patient in chemotherapy was 27 (20.6%). While, prevalence of anxiety in this study was 13 (9.9%). Severity of depression was significantly associated to having health insurance (p value 0.023 OR 0.438), religion (p value 0.045 OR 1.017) familial history of breast cancer (p value 0.041 OR 1.756).
Conclusion: Majority of participants in this study were in earlier stage of breast cancer. However, the prevalence of depression and anxiety among breast cancer patients in chemotherapy was unexpectedly high. The psychological factors associated with the depression and anxiety were those related to patient’s socio-economic circumstances affecting accessibility treatment rather than to the breast cancer as pathology or its treatment. This study recommends that there is a need for the interdepartmental approach in management of breast cancer patients especially those in chemotherapy. Mental health practitioners including Psychiatrist and Psychologist should be involved in the management of breast cancer especially during chemotherapy. Universal Coverage of the health services including health insurances should be promoted especially the cancer, psychiatric and psychological services.
The Survival Impact of Adjuvant Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy in Patients with Non-endometrioid Endometrial Carcinomas: a PSM-IPTW Analysis Based on SEER Database
Authors: Hao Zhimin , Yu Yangli 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate outcomes of adjuvant treatments for non-endometrioid endometrial carcinomas (NEEC), as previous studies are limited by its rarity and heterogeneity.
Patients and methods: Patients with endometrial serous carcinoma (SC), clear cell carcinoma (CCC) and carcinosarcoma were identified between 2004 and 2018 from SEER database. Propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) technique were employed to balance confounding factors. Multivariate, exploratory subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate impact of adjuvant treatment on overall survival (OS) and cause-specific survival (CSS).
Results: The cohort comprised 5577 serous, 977 clear cell, and 959 carcinosarcomas. Combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy (CRT), chemotherapy alone, and radiotherapy alone were respectively administered in 42.21%, 47.27% and 10.58% of the whole cohort. Prior to adjusting, chemotherapy plus brachytherapy yielded the most beneficial effect among various treatments. After PSM-IPTW adjustment, CRT still demonstrated beneficial effect on OS and CSS. Subgroup analysis indicated CRT improved survival among various TNM stages, particularly with uterine carcinosarcoma. In the sensitivity analyses for serous histology, brachytherapy with or without chemotherapy appeared to benefit stage I-II patients. In stage III-IV SC patients, chemotherapy plus brachytherapy was still associated with improved cancer outcomes. When nodal metastases were identified, additional external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) to CT was more utilized with survival improvement.
Conclusion: In NEEC patients, combined CRT yielded beneficial effects than any single mode. Both chemotherapy and brachytherapy promoted survival in early stage SC patients. Late stage SC patients may benefit from chemotherapy plus either EBRT or brachytherapy