bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Thyme (Zataria multiflora Boiss.) on Mechanical Activity of Isolated Colon of Male Rat
Authors: Bahaoddini A , Dadfar F , Ahmadipour M 
Published: February 2022

Background & Objective: Thyme have been used as a medicinal plant traditionally for the treatment of digestive system disorders. In present study, the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of thyme on motility of isolated colon of male rat and its interaction with cholinergic, adrenergic and nitic oxide systems was performed.
Materials & Methods: Ten adult male rats (180- 250 g) were kept in standard condition for one week. Then rats were anaesthetized by ethyl ether and their colon was isolated and divided in to 1 cm strips. The strips were held to a force transducer and inserted to organ bath contained Tyrode solution. The mechanical activity of strips was recorded by Power Lab system with administration of thyme extract (0.0175 mg/ml) and its solvent in experimental and sham groups, and after administration of acetylcholine, epinephrine and L-NAME drugs. Data were analyzed by SPSS software and independent-samples T-test.
Results: The result showed a significant decrease in the mechanical activity of isolated colon after administration of the effective dose of thyme extract in base line and after of administration of acetylcholine. There was no significant difference of mechanical activity of the strips at the presence of extract and its solvent after epinephrine and L-NAME administration.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that thyme extract caused colon relaxation via inhibition of cholinergic pathway and independent from adrenergic and nitric oxide systems.
Real-Time Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Method for Quantitative Salmonella Typhi Detection Based on ViaB Gene
Authors: Sohrab M , Majidzadeh K , Morovvati A , Soleimani M 
Published: February 2022

Background & Objective: There is a vast range of diseases caused by Salmonella including gastroenteritis, enteric fever, bacteraemia, and focal infection. Salmonella infection is usually transmitted to humans by consuming foods or water contaminated with animal or human waste. This study aims to design a quantitative-LAMP method for real-time detection of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi), the causative agent of Typhoid fever.
Materials & Methods: A new LAMP primer set was designed and used based on the ViaB gene to specifically detect S. Typhi. The genome of some Salmonella-related and non- Salmonella-related bacteria was subjected to the LAMP assay for detection of S. Typhi to evaluate its analytical specificity, its analytical sensitivity and limit of detection (LOD). Further, turbidity in tubes was measured by a turbidimeter, and then a standard curve was depicted by plotting (Tt) time threshold values against the logarithm of ViaB gene copy number and this standard curve helped the researchers a lot to obtain a quantitative method.
Results: The Salmonella Typhi LAMP assay specifically assessed the ViaB gene. It was shown that the analytical sensitivity of the assay was 0.28 fg using agarose gel electrophoresis or amplification plots in Loop amp real-time turbidimeter system, whereas the amplification was 2.8 fg under direct observation of fluorescent color changes. In the proposed methods, the lower limit of detection (LLOQ) of the assays was ~1 and 8 copies of the ViaB gene, respectively. In the LAMP assay for the quantitative detection of Salmonella Typhi, the linear correlation (r2= 0.97) was calculated between the log copy number and Tt values.
Conclusions: The Salmonella Typhi LAMP assay is a simple and accurate tool to detect the causative agent of Typhoid fever that may be designed for clinical laboratories.
Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy: test, treatment and outcome
Authors: KAYA KALEM Ayşe , HASANOĞLU İmran , AYHAN Müge , KAYAASLAN Bircan , ESER Fatma , OĞUZ Yüksel , AVŞAR Filiz , GÜNER Rahmet 
Published: February 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study was to share the results, follow-up, and treatment characteristics of our pregnant women who were followed-up with anti-Toxoplasma gondii Immunoglobulin (Ig) M positivity during pregnancy.
Methods: Anti-T. gondii IgM- and IgG-positive pregnant women were evaluated between 2014-2018. Demographic characteristics, treatment, and information about pregnancy were obtained from the electronic database. Pregnant women were divided into three groups; primary infection, no infection, and suspected infection in pregnancy. Primary and suspected infection in pregnancy were followed up congenital toxoplasmosis risky pregnancy. Fetal ultrasonography (USG), T. gondii DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) result in amniotic fluid were recorded.
Results: Twenty-four pregnant women with a mean age of 27.9 years were followed up. IgG avidity results were low in 37.5% (n = 9), intermediate avidity in 8.3% (n = 2), and high avidity in 54.2% (n = 13) of pregnant women. Eleven (45.9%) pregnant women had congenital toxoplasmosis risky pregnancy. Fetal USG was performed on ten pregnant women, and no signs of congenital toxoplasmosis were found. Amniocentesis was performed in 72.7% (n = 8) of the participants, and the amniotic fluid T. gondii DNA-PCR result was negative in all of them. Ten (90.9%) pregnancies resulted in mature birth and one (9.1%) resulted in miscarriage.
Conclusions: Anti-T. gondii IgM positivity is an indication of acute infection. But IgM can persist for years, and be false-positive in pregnancy. Therefore, additional tests are required, and leading to emotional distress and unnecessary interventions in pregnacy women. These results can aid in developing an approach to screening and diagnosis of T. gondii infection in pregnancy.
Workforce Participation as a Differential Indicator of Satisfaction With the Employment Situation Among Latinx With Multiple Sclerosis: Implications for Vocational Rehabilitation Professionals in the COVID-19 Era
Authors: Li Jian , Rios Yazmin Castruita , Rumrill Stuart P. , Zhang Han , Bishop Malachy , Leslie Mykal J. , Minton Deborah L. 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThis study aimed at examining differences in satisfaction with the employment situation between employed and unemployed Latinx with multiple sclerosis (MS) in the United States (N = 148).MethodParticipants in this study responded to a national survey of the employment and community living concerns of people with MS. Multivariate analysis of variance and a follow-up univariate analysis of variance were conducted to compare the group differences.ResultsThe analyses revealed statistically significant between-group differences in satisfaction ratings on items pertaining to personal and environmental resources and fair treatment, but no significant between-group differences in response to items related to legal rights.ConclusionThe findings in this study confirmed our a priori expectation that satisfaction ratings regarding the overall employment situation among Latinx Americans with MS would vary as a function of their workforce participation status. Implications for future research and clinical practice in vocational rehabilitation in the COVID-19 era are discussed.
Oral isotretinoin fear in the treatment of acne vulgaris – assessment of dermatologist’s role in modification of patients’ concerns
Authors: Nizgorska Julia , Trzeciak Magdalena 
Published: February 2022

Introduction. Acne vulgaris is a common, chronic, inflammatory disease which significantly affect the quality of life. Oral isotretinoin is an extremely effective drug used in the treatment of acne, nevertheless, it’s adverse effects raise concerns among patients.Aim. The aim of the study was to determine dermatologist’s role in decreasing patients’ concerns about oral isotretinoin therapy in the treatment of acne vulgaris.Material and Methods. 521 people who discussed oral isotretinoin therapy during a medical appointment filled an anonymous, online questionnaire. The respondents answered the questions about dermatologist’s impact on decreasing oral isotretinoin therapy fear.Results. The respondents assessed dermatologist’s role in decreasing patients’ concerns about oral isotretinoin therapy on average to 7,07 ± 2,58 and the amount of time spent on discussing such a therapy to 6,78 ± 2,83 on average. There is a significant positive correlation between the amount of time spent on discussing oral isotretinoin therapy and the assessment of the dermatologist’s role in decreasing concerns about this treatment (R Spearman = +0,538; p < 0,05). 51,43% of the respondents declared reduction of their concerns after a doctor’s appointment. Better assessment of the amount of time spent on discussing oral isotretinoin therapy is positively correlated with reduction of the fear of such a treatment (R Spearman = +0,593; p < 0,05).Conclusions. The results of our study indicate to dermatologist’s crucial role in disseminating reliable knowledge and education among patients about acne treatment. It is essential to devote an appropriate amount of time and due attention to the educational aspect of the treatment.
Hypersensitivity reaction in the course of acitnic keratosis treatment – case report
Authors: Jenerowicz Dorota , Jałowska Magdalena , Błaszczyk Anna , Adamski Zygmunt , Wegner Joanna , Czarnecka-Operacz Magdalena 
Published: February 2022

Actinic keratosis (AK) is a common skin disease caused by long-term sun exposure and typically forms on the face, neck, balding scalp, chest and shoulders. AK is characterized by the formation of keratotic macules, papules, or plaques with superficial scales on a red base. Treatment options for actinic keratosis include destructive therapies (eg, surgery, cryotherapy, photodynamic therapy [PDT], dermabrasion), topical medications (eg, diclofenac, topical fluorouracil, imiquimod, ingenol mebutate), and field ablation treatments (eg, chemical peels, laser resurfacing). The aim of this paper was to present a case of patient with AK and the allergic reaction to the 3% diclofenac sodium topical gel ( DSTG) treatment. After a few days of therapy an acute, eczematous reaction on the face was observed. The symptoms have subsided within a week after discontinuing the treatment. The patch test with 3% diclofenac sodium topical gel was performed and evaluated as positive suggesting a delayed type hypersensitivity reaction to active medication or its inactive ingredients. In case of contact allergy confirmed with PT, it is important to inform the patient on the need of future medication avoidance.
Penerapan Face Recognition Berbasis GUI Visual Studio 2012 Menggunakan Algoritma Eigenface dan Metode Pengembangan Waterfall Pada Sistem Absensi Mahasiswa IT Telkom Purwokerto
Authors: Fauzi Ilham , Junaidi Apri , Saputra Wahyu Andi 
Published: February 2022

Setiap manusia memiliki karakter yang berbeda antara satu dengan yang lainnya, salah satunya adalah karakteristik alami yang dimiliki oleh manusia yaitu wajah. Wajah manusia tentu saja memiliki ciri unik yang membedakan satu dengan lainnya, sehingga dapat dikenali oleh manusia lain maupun oleh suatu sistem yang memiliki kemampuan tersebut. Pengenalan wajah berkaitan erat dengan biometrik manusia, hal tersebut dikarenakan terdapat informasi unik yang terkandung di dalamnya. Teknologi pengenalan wajah dapat dimanfaatkan salah satunya pada sistem presensi kehadiran.
Banyak metode yang digunakan pada proses pengenalan wajah, salah satunya dengan menggunakan algoritma eigenface. Eigenface berfungsi untuk menghitung eigenvalue dan eigenvector yang akan digunakan sebagai fitur dalam melakukan pengenalan wajah. Citra akan direpresentasikan dalam sebuah gabungan vektor yang dijadikan satu matriks tunggal. Dari matriks tunggal ini akan di ekstrasi suatu ciri utama yang membedakan antara citra wajah satu dengan citra wajah yang lainnya. Untuk dapat mengenali dan mengidentifikasi wajah seseorang maka pada penelitian ini diperlukan sebuah tools tambahan berupa web camera atau sering kita kenal dengan istilah WebCam dan aplikasi yang akan digunakan adalah Visual Studio 2012.
Teknologi pengenalan wajah ini dapat dimanfaatkan oleh IT Telkom Purwokerto sebagai sistem presensi kehadiran mahasiswa. Salah satu hasil evaluasi perlunya pemanfaatan teknologi face recognition sebagai sistem presensi kehadiran mahasiswa dikarenakan belum optimalnya pemanfaatan sistem absensi berbasis RFID yang sebelumnya telah digunakan, berbagai permasalahan teknis yang dihadapi oleh sistem absensi tersebut mengakibatkan proses absensi kembali dilakukan secara manual menggunakan kertas absensi yang diberikan oleh Dosen.

Kata kunci: Citra, Eigenface, Face recognition, Image Processing, C#, Sistem Absensi
Disparities of COVID-19 and HIV Occurrence Based on Neighborhood Infection Incidence in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Authors: Goldstein Neal D. , Webster Jessica L. , Robinson Lucy F. , Welles Seth L. 
Published: February 2022

Objectives. To evaluate the occurrence of HIV and COVID-19 infections in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, through July 2020 and identify ecological correlates driving racial disparities in infection incidence. Methods. For each zip code tabulation area, we created citywide comparison Z-score measures of COVID-19 cases, new cases of HIV, and the difference between the scores. Choropleth maps were used to identify areas that were similar or dissimilar in terms of disease patterning, and weighted linear regression models helped identify independent ecological predictors of these patterns. Results. Relative to COVID-19, HIV represented a greater burden in Center City Philadelphia, whereas COVID-19 was more apparent in Northeast Philadelphia. Areas with a greater proportion of Black or African American residents were overrepresented in terms of both diseases. Conclusions. Although race is a shared nominal upstream factor that conveys increased risk for both infections, an understanding of separate structural, demographic, and economic risk factors that drive the overrepresentation of COVID-19 cases in racial/ethnic communities across Philadelphia is critical. Public Health Implications. Difference-based measures are useful in identifying areas that are underrepresented or overrepresented with respect to disease occurrence and may be able to elucidate effective or ineffective mitigation strategies. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(3):408–416. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306538 )
Racial/Ethnic Segregation and Access to COVID-19 Testing: Spatial Distribution of COVID-19 Testing Sites in the Four Largest Highly Segregated Cities in the United States
Authors: Asabor Emmanuella Ngozi , Warren Joshua L. , Cohen Ted 
Published: February 2022

Objectives. To quantify the relationship between the segregation of Black, Indigenous, and Latinx communities and COVID-19 testing sites in populous US cities. Methods. We mapped testing sites as of June 2020 in New York City; Chicago, Illinois; Los Angeles, California; and Houston, Texas; we applied Bayesian methods to estimate the association between testing site location and the proportion of the population that is Black, Latinx, or Indigenous per block group, the smallest unit for which the US Census collects sociodemographic data. Results. In New York City, Chicago, and Houston, the expected number of testing sites decreased by 1.29%, 3.05%, and 1.06%, respectively, for each percentage point increase in the Black population. In Chicago, Houston, and Los Angeles, testing sites decreased by 5.64%, 1.95%, and 1.69%, respectively, for each percentage point increase in the Latinx population. Conclusions. In the largest highly segregated US cities, neighborhoods with more Black and Latinx residents had fewer COVID-19 testing sites, likely limiting these communities’ participation in the early response to COVID-19. Public Health Implications. In light of conversations on the ethics of racial vaccine prioritization, authorities should consider structural barriers to COVID-19 control efforts. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(3):518–526. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306558 )
Mental Health and Protective Factors for Transgender and Gender-Diverse Youths Who Trade Sex: A Minnesota Statewide School-Based Study, 2019
Authors: Nic Rider G. , McMorris Barbara J. , Brown Camille , Eisenberg Marla E. , Gower Amy L. , Johnston-Goodstar Katie , Filoteo Montana , Singerhouse Emily , Martin Lauren 
Published: February 2022

Objectives. To describe the prevalence of sex trading by gender and by associations with mental health concerns and protective factors. Methods. We used data from 9th and 11th graders who completed the 2019 Minnesota Student Survey. The analytic sample (n = 67 806) included transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) youths and cisgender youths who reported trading sex. Data on 7 mental health measures and 4 school-related and health care–related protective factors were collected. Results. The prevalence of sex trading (5.9%) was 5 times higher among TGD students than cisgender students (1.2%). In addition, the prevalence of all mental health concerns was high among TGD students who traded sex (e.g., 75.9% reported a lifetime suicide attempt, as compared with 45.9% of cisgender students who traded sex). Fewer statistical differences were found across protective factors. When TGD students who traded sex were compared according to sex assigned at birth, no statistically significant differences were found. Conclusions. Our findings support strong calls for increased competence regarding gender and sex trading or exploitation in clinical and school-based settings to decrease health disparities among TGD youths. Public Health Implications. In this study, we have presented unique prevalence estimates of mental health disparities among TGD students in the United States who trade sex. Our results indicate that TGD students who trade sex are at risk for mental health symptoms and that sensitivity to both gender and sex trading or exploitation will be critical to meeting the needs of this group in clinical as well as school-based settings.
Teaching electromagnetism using interactive-invention instructional strategy and the learning outcome of secondary school students
Authors: Ukoh Edidiong Enyeneokpon 
Published: February 2022

Electromagnetism is an important aspect of physics in Nigerian secondary school curriculum and has been identified as one of the difficult topics to learn by the students. There seem to be very little research on how to make the learning of electromagnetism easy and enjoyable. Therefore, this study determined the effect of teaching electromagnetism using interactive-invention instructional strategy on senior secondary II (SSII) physics students learning outcome. Pretest posttest control group quasi-experimental research design was employed with 125 SSII students from three randomly selected schools. Intact classes were used and two experimental groups were taught using interactive-invention instructional strategy: group I students worked individually and group II students worked in groups of five and control group was taught conventionally. Two research instruments were used to gather data for the study, namely physics achievement worksheets and in-class interview guide. Students in the experimental groups demonstrated better understanding of the concepts more than those in the control group. In-class interview was carried out at the end of the treatment and all the students in the experimental groups reported that they enjoyed learning the concepts because they had opportunity for hands-on activities and they will prefer that electromagnetic concepts be taught using instructional materials they could manipulate to observe what happens by themselves. It was recommended that teachers use this strategy where hands-on activity-based was emphasized to enhance easy learning of electromagnetism.
Introducing “Physics of music” to students using free software
Authors: Pothiyodath Nishanth , Murkoth Udayanandan Kandoth 
Published: February 2022

Many consider physics to be a highly mathematical oriented subject to study. To break this opinion and also to generate a deep interest in physics, a course on ‘Physics of Music’ can be introduced at any level of a curriculum. We present a simple and practical way of introducing this topic even for school level students. Teachers, along with students, can visualise and feel physics all time throughout the course.
Semiautomatic Algorithm to Map Tectonic Faults and Measure Scarp Height from Topography Applied to the Volcanic Tablelands and the Hurricane Fault, Western US
Authors: Scott Chelsea P. , Giampietro Tiziano , Brigham Cassandra , Leclerc Frédérique , Manighetti Isabelle , Arrowsmith J Ramon , Laó-Dávila Daniel A. , Mattéo Lionel 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Observations of fault geometry and cumulative slip distribution serve as critical constraints on fault behavior over temporal scales ranging from a single earthquake to a fault’s complete history. The increasing availability of high-resolution topography (at least one observation per square meter) from air- and spaceborne platforms facilitates measuring geometric properties along faults over a range of spatial scales. However, manually mapping faults and measuring slip or scarp height is time-intensive, limiting the use of rich topography datasets. To substantially decrease the time required to analyze fault systems, we developed a novel approach for systematically mapping dip-slip faults and measuring scarp height. Our MATLAB algorithm detects fault scarps from topography by identifying regions of steep relief given length and slope parameters calibrated from a manually drawn fault map. We applied our algorithm to well-preserved normal faults in the Volcanic Tablelands of eastern California using four datasets: (1) structure-from-motion topography from a small uncrewed aerial system (sUAS; 20 cm resolution), (2) airborne laser scanning (25 cm), (3) Pléiades stereosatellite imagery (50 cm), and SRTM (30 m) topography. The algorithm and manually mapped fault trace architectures are consistent for primary faults, although can differ for secondary faults. On average, the scarp height profiles are asymmetric, suggesting fault lateral propagation and along-strike variations in the fault’s mechanical properties. We applied our algorithm to Arizona and Utah with a specific focus on the normal Hurricane fault where the algorithm mapped faults and other prominent topographic features well. This analysis demonstrates that the algorithm can be applied in a variety of geomorphic and tectonic settings.
Adaptive Mobility Target Tracking with Metaheuristic Aided Target Movement Prediction Scheme in Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Narasapuram Ramadevi , S Subramanyam M V , C Shoba Bindu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Mobile Target Tracking is one of the most important applications in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), particularly for surveillance purposes. The tracking accuracy is highly dependent on distance estimation or localization, and so far more works has been done in this aspect. This paper proposes a new energy-saving target tracking scheme with two phases: (i) Mobility Target Tracking and (ii) Target Movement Prediction. At first, the target tracking is attained by Extended Kalman Filter. Following this, the target movement is predicted with the aid of input factors such as Angle of Arrival (AoA) and Received Signal Strength (RSS), thereby the mobile node's optimal movement is predicted. This scenario is considered as the optimization crisis as the prediction of optimal node movement is one of most significant problems in WSN. In order to make the optimal prediction more precise, a new hybrid algorithm named Lion Mutated-Crow Search Algorithm (LM-CS) is introduced. The proposed algorithm combines the concept of Lion Algorithm (LA) and Cuckoo Search algorithm (CS), respectively. To the end, the performance of proposed work is evaluated over other models with respect to convergence analysis, error analysis and so on.