bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing and Extinguishing the Different Emission Features of 2D (EA1−xFAx)4Pb3Br10 Perovskite Films
Authors: Kennard Rhiannon M. , Dahlman Clayton J. , Morgan Emily E. , Chung Juil , Cotts Benjamin L. , Kincaid Joseph R. A. , DeCrescent Ryan A. , Stone Kevin H. , Panuganti Shobhana , Mohtashami Yahya , Mao Lingling , Schaller Richard D. , Salleo Alberto , Kanatzidis Mercouri G. , Schuller Jon A. , Seshadri Ram , Chabinyc Michael L. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract2D hybrid perovskites are attractive for optoelectronic devices. In thin films, the color of optical emission and the texture of crystalline domains are often difficult to control. Here, a method for extinguishing or enhancing different emission features is demonstrated for the family of 2D Ruddlesden–Popper perovskites (EA1−xFAx)4Pb3Br10 (EA = ethylammonium, FA = formamidinium). When grown from aqueous hydrobromic acid, crystals of (EA1−xFAx)4Pb3Br10 retain all the emission features of their parent compound, (EA)4Pb3Br10. Surprisingly, when grown from dimethylformamide (DMF), an emission feature, likely self‐trapped exciton (STE), near 2.7 eV is missing. Extinction of this feature is correlated with DMF being incorporated between the 2D Pb‐Br sheets, forming (EA1−xFAx)4Pb3Br10∙(DMF)y. Without FA, films grown from DMF form (EA)4Pb3Br10, retain little solvent, and have strong emission near 2.7 eV. Slowing the kinetics of film growth strengthens a different emission feature, likely a different type of STE, which is much broader and present in all compositions. Films of (EA1−xFAx)4Pb3Br10∙(DMF)y have large, micron‐sized domains and homogeneous orientation of the semiconducting sheets, resulting in low electronic disorder near the absorption edge. The ability to selectively strengthen or extinguish different emission features in films of (EA1−xFAx)4Pb3Br10∙(DMF)y reveals a pathway to tune the emission color in these compounds.
Multi‐Omics‐Based Autophagy‐Related Untypical Subtypes in Patients with Cerebral Amyloid Pathology
Authors: Park Jong‐Chan , Barahona‐Torres Natalia , Jang So‐Yeong , Mok Kin Y. , Kim Haeng Jun , Han Sun‐Ho , Cho Kwang‐Hyun , Zhou Xiaopu , Fu Amy K. Y. , Ip Nancy Y. , Seo Jieun , Choi Murim , Jeong Hyobin , Hwang Daehee , Lee Dong Young , Byun Min Soo , Yi Dahyun , Han Jong Won , Mook‐Jung Inhee , Hardy John 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRecent multi‐omics analyses paved the way for a comprehensive understanding of pathological processes. However, only few studies have explored Alzheimer’s disease (AD) despite the possibility of biological subtypes within these patients. For this study, unsupervised classification of four datasets (genetics, miRNA transcriptomics, proteomics, and blood‐based biomarkers) using Multi‐Omics Factor Analysis+ (MOFA+), along with systems‐biological approaches following various downstream analyses are performed. New subgroups within 170 patients with cerebral amyloid pathology (Aβ+) are revealed and the features of them are identified based on the top‐rated targets constructing multi‐omics factors of both whole (M‐TPAD) and immune‐focused models (M‐IPAD). The authors explored the characteristics of subtypes and possible key‐drivers for AD pathogenesis. Further in‐depth studies showed that these subtypes are associated with longitudinal brain changes and autophagy pathways are main contributors. The significance of autophagy or clustering tendency is validated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs; n = 120 including 30 Aβ‐ and 90 Aβ+), induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived human brain organoids/microglia (n = 12 including 5 Aβ‐, 5 Aβ+, and CRISPR‐Cas9 apolipoprotein isogenic lines), and human brain transcriptome (n = 78). Collectively, this study provides a strategy for precision medicine therapy and drug development for AD using integrative multi‐omics analysis and network modelling.
Steering Catalytic Activity and Selectivity of CO2 Photoreduction to Syngas with Hydroxy‐Rich Cu2S@ROH‐NiCo2O3 Double‐Shelled Nanoboxes
Authors: Li Lei , Dai Xinyan , Chen De‐Li , Zeng Yinxiang , Hu Yong , Lou Xiong Wen (David) 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSimultaneous transformation of CO2 and H2O into syngas (CO and H2) using solar power is desirable for industrial applications. Herein, an efficient photocatalyst based on double‐shelled nanoboxes, with an outer shell of hydroxy‐rich nickel cobaltite nanosheets and an inner shell of Cu2S (Cu2S@ROH‐NiCo2O3), is prepared via a multistep templating strategy. The high performance of Cu2S@ROH‐NiCo2O3 (7.1 mmol g−1 h−1 for CO; 2.8 mmol g−1 h−1 for H2) is attributed to the hierarchical hollow geometry and p–n heterojunction to promote light absorption and charge separation. Spectroscopic and theoretical analyses elucidate that the ROH‐NiCo2O3 surface enhances *CO2 adsorption and lowers energy barriers for CO2‐to‐CO. Therefore, modulating the hydroxy contents of ROH‐NiCo2O3 can achieve broad CO/H2 ratios from 0.51 to 1.24. This work offers in‐depth insights into adjustable syngas photosynthesis and generalized concepts of selective heterogeneous CO2 photoreduction beyond cobalt‐based oxides.
Discovery of a Potent and Selective Degrader for USP7
Authors: Pei Yuan , Fu Jingfeng , Shi Yunkai , Zhang Mengmeng , Luo Guanghao , Luo Xiaomin , Song Ning , Mi Tian , Yang Yaxi , Li Jia , Zhou Yubo , Zhou Bing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe tumor suppressor p53 is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancer and more than half of cancers contain p53 mutations. The development of novel and effective therapeutic strategies for p53 mutant cancer therapy is a big challenge and highly desirable. Ubiquitin‐specific protease 7 (USP7), also known as HAUSP, is a deubiquitinating enzyme and proposed to stabilize the oncogenic E3 ubiquitin ligase MDM2 that promotes the proteosomal degradation of p53. Herein, we report the design and characterization of U7D‐1 as the first selective USP7‐degrading Proteolysis Targeting Chimera (PROTAC). U7D‐1 showed selective and effective USP7 degradation, and maintained potent cell growth inhibition in p53 mutant cancer cells, with USP7 inhibitor showing no activity. These data clearly demonstrated the practicality and importance of PROTAC as a preliminary chemical tool for investigating USP7 protein functions and a promising method for potential p53 mutant cancer therapy.
Revealing the Role of the Cyaphide Ion as a Bridging Ligand in Heterometallic Complexes
Authors: Yang Eric S. , Goicoechea Jose M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe synthesis of heterometallic transition metal complexes featuring bridging cyaphide ions (C≡P−) is reported. These are synthesized from reactions of Au(IDipp)(CP) (IDipp=1,3‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)imidazol‐2‐ylidene) with electron‐rich, nucleophilic transition metal reagents, affording Au(IDipp)(μ2−C≡P)Ni(MeIiPr)2 (MeIiPr=1,3‐diisopropyl‐4,5‐dimethylimidazol‐2‐ylidene) and Au(IDipp)(μ2−C≡P)Rh(Cp*)(PMe3). These studies reveal that, in contrast to the cyanide ion, bimetallic cyaphido complexes strongly favor a η1 : η2 coordination mode that maximizes the interaction of the second metal (Ni, Rh) with the π‐manifold of the ion (and not the phosphorus atom lone pair). End‐on bridging can be effectively unlocked by blocking the π‐manifold, as demonstrated by reaction of Au(IDipp)(μ2−C≡P)Rh(Cp*)(PMe3) with an electrophilic transition metal reagent, W(CO)5(THF), which affords the heterotrimetallic compound Au(IDipp)(μ3−C≡P)[Rh(Cp*)(PMe3)][W(CO)5].
Digitalized turbulent behaviors of air and rice husk flow in a vertical suspension furnace from computational fluid dynamics simulation
Authors: Steven Soen , Restiawaty Elvi , Pasymi Pasymi , Fajri Imam Mardhatillah , Bindar Yazid 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe knowledge of fluid–particle flow behavior is necessary. Unfortunately, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies are mostly focused on developing numerical methods in detail. Instead, the CFD studies should also subtly shift to become a tool for digitalizing fluid science to guide the practical industrial aspects. Therefore, this simulation study intends to reveal the air and rice husk flow behaviors in a vertical suspension furnace, complete with presenting digital simulation data, aiming to alleviate the escape particle amount. According to this study, the escaped particle amount was suppressed under more sphere particle, smaller particle size, and feed inlet pipe that sunk into the burner. The properties change from rice husk to ash, along with temperature escalation (as in combustion phenomena), enlarging the escaped particle amount, so the cyclone should be installed to handle it. In addition, the results of digital turbulent data from CFD simulation have succeeded in intriguing and revealing the fluid–particle flow behavior in the vertical suspension furnace. The data show a close match to the real phenomena occurring inside this furnace which reflects the standard k–ε model can conclusively predict fluid–particle flow behavior without conflicting Newton's second law of particle motion.
Effect of concomitant oral administration of ethanol on the pharmacokinetics of nicardipine in rats
Authors: Jung Young‐Heun , Heo Dong‐Gyu , Lee Dong‐Cheol , Kwon Ye‐Min , Seol Mi‐Ji , Zhang Didi , Jeong Tae Cheon , Kim Ju‐Hyun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEthanol intake can alter pharmacokinetics by increasing the solubility or enhancing the absorption of concomitant drugs. Here, a selective, sensitive and reproducible high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantitative analysis of nicardipine in rat plasma was developed using simple protein precipitation. The calibration curve was linear over a concentration range of 1–2,000 ng/ml (r2 > 0.998). Accuracy ranged from 93.4 to 112.2% and precision was within 12.1% from three independent analytical batches. Stable conditions for the quantification of nicardipine in rat plasma were established in various conditions, including sample storage and handling. The matrix effect was negligible, and recovery was consistent at three different levels of quality control sample. The method was applied to assessment for the effect of ethanol on the pharmacokinetics of nicardipine in rats. The oral bioavailability of nicardipine was increased from 5.4 to 9.4% in Sprague–Dawley rats by concomitant oral administration of ethanol whereas the half‐life was not altered. The findings indicated that concomitant ethanol intake can increase systemic drug exposure by increasing gastrointestinal absorption, especially poorly soluble drugs. This study provides an insight for further investigation of the alteration of the pharmacological effect of poorly soluble drugs owing to ethanol intake.
Methyltransferases: Functions and Applications
Authors: Abdelraheem Eman , Thair Benjamin , Varela Romina Fernández , Jockmann Emely , Popadić Désirée , Hailes Helen C. , Ward John M. , Iribarren Adolfo M. , Lewkowicz Elizabeth S. , Andexer Jennifer N. , Hagedoorn Peter‐Leon , Hanefeld Ulf 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this review the current state‐of‐the‐art of S‐adenosylmethionine (SAM)‐dependent methyltransferases and SAM are evaluated. Their structural classification and diversity is introduced and key mechanistic aspects presented which are then detailed further. Then, catalytic SAM as a target for drugs, and approaches to utilise SAM as a cofactor in synthesis are introduced with different supply and regeneration approaches evaluated. The use of SAM analogues are also described. Finally O‐, N‐, C‐ and S‐MTs, their synthetic applications and potential for compound diversification is given.
Electrochemical Synthesis of Trisubstituted Oxazoles and Imines from β‐Diketones and Amines
Authors: Wang Yangli , Zhao Xiao‐Jing , Wu Xi , Zhang Lizhu , Li Ganpeng , He Yonghui 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAn electrochemical oxidation reaction was developed for the synthesis of trisubstituted oxazoles and imines. The use of external oxidant and transition‐metal catalyst was avoided in the methodology. Various trisubstituted oxazoles and imines were obtained in moderate to excellent yields. The mechanism studies propose the electrochemical reaction involves a radical process.
Direct Comparison of Subvalent, Polycationic Group 13 Cluster Compounds: Lessons learned on Isoelectronic DMPE Substituted Gallium and Indium Tetracation Salts
Authors: Barthélemy Antoine , Scherer Harald , Krossing Ingo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe tetracationic, univalent cluster compounds [{M(dmpe)}4]4+ (M=Ga, In; dmpe=bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane) were synthesized as their pf salts ([pf]−=[Al(ORF)4]−; RF=C(CF3)3). The four‐membered ring in [{M(dmpe)}4]4+ is slightly puckered for M=Ga and almost square planar for M=In. Yet, although structurally similar, only the gallium cluster is prevalent in solution, while the indium cluster forms temperature dependent equilibria that include even the monomeric cation [In(dmpe)]+. This system is the first report of one and the same ligand inducing formation of isoelectronic and isostructural gallium/indium cluster cations. The system allows to study systematically analogies and differences with thermodynamic considerations and bonding analyses, but also to outline perspectives for bond activation using cationic, subvalent group 13 clusters.
Bench‐Stable Dinuclear Mn(I) Catalysts in E‐Selective Alkyne Semihydrogenation: A Mechanistic Investigation**
Authors: Abhyankar Preshit C. , MacMillan Samantha N. , Lacy David C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDinuclear manganese hydride complexes of the form [Mn2(CO)8(μ‐H)(μ‐PR2)] (R=Ph, 1; R=iPr, 2) were used in E‐selective alkyne semi‐hydrogenation (E‐SASH) catalysis. Catalyst speciation studies revealed rich coordination chemistry and the complexes thus formed were isolated and in turn tested as catalysts; the results underscore the importance of dinuclearity in engendering the observed E‐selectivity and provide insights into the nature of the active catalyst. The insertion product obtained from treating 2 with (cyclopropylethynyl)benzene contains a cis‐alkenyl bridging ligand with the cyclopropyl ring being intact. Treatment of this complex with H2 affords exclusively trans‐(2‐cyclopropylvinyl)benzene. These results, in addition to other control experiments, indicate a non‐radical mechanism for E‐SASH, which is highly unusual for Mn−H catalysts. The catalytically active species are virtually inactive towards cis to trans alkene isomerization indicating that the E‐selective process is intrinsic and dinuclear complexes play a critical role. A reaction mechanism is proposed accounting for the observed reactivity which is fully consistent with a kinetic analysis of the rate limiting step and is further supported by DFT computations.
Adipocytes contribute to tumor progression and invasion of peritoneal metastasis by interacting with gastric cancer cells as cancer associated fibroblasts
Authors: Hamabe‐Horiike Toshihide , Harada Shin‐ichi , Yoshida Kyoko , Kinoshita Jun , Yamaguchi Takahisa , Fushida Sachio 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundPeritoneal metastasis (PM) is one of the most common causes of noncurative surgery and the most frequent recurrence pattern in gastric cancer (GC). During the process of PM, GC cells detached from primary tumor interact with human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMC) overlapped with adipose tissues such as the omentum or mesentery. Although the interaction with HPMC promotes the malignancy of GC, the role of adipose tissues remains unclear.AimsWe aimed to clarify how adipose tissue are affected by adjacent primary tumors during the expression of adipokines and to elucidate whether GC cells transform adipocytes into CAFs in vitro. In addition, we investigated whether GC cells are affected by adipocytes in their ability to infiltrate.MethodsWe investigated the phenotypic conversion of adipocytes during the malignant process of GC cells in vivo and in vitro. We evaluated the expression levels of adiponectin in the omental adipose tissue of gastric cancer patients by western blotting. Following adipocytes/gastric cancer cells coculture, adipocyte markers, adiponectin receptors, and inflammatory cytokine markers were detected by real‐time PCR and/or western blotting in the single‐cultured and co‐cultured adipocytes; cancer‐associated fibroblast (CAF) markers were detected by immunofluorescence and western blotting in the single‐cultured and co‐cultured adipocytes; invasion assays were performed in single cultured and co‐cultured MKN45 and OCUM.ResultsIn omental adipose tissues that are situated close to the primary tumors, the expression of adiponectin tended to decrease in patients with subserosal or serosal invasion. By co‐culturing with GC cells, adipocytes were dedifferentiated and the expression levels of CAF marker FSP1 and inflammatory cytokines, PAI‐1 and IL‐6, significantly increased (p < 0.05). Furthermore, GC cells co‐cultured with adipocytes showed enhanced invasion ability.ConclusionOur findings suggest that the phenotypic conversion of adipocytes may promote the malignancy of GC in the construction of the cancer microenvironment of PM.
YTHDF2 promotes intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma progression and desensitises cisplatin treatment by increasing CDKN1B mRNA degradation
Authors: Huang Chen‐Song , Zhu Ying‐Qin , Xu Qiong‐Cong , Chen Siyun , Huang Yue , Zhao Guangyin , Ni Xuhao , Liu Bo , Zhao Wei , Yin Xiao‐Yu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundIntrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is an aggressive cancer with exceedingly poor prognosis, and chemoresistance is a huge challenge for treatment. N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification plays an important role in the progression and chemoresistance of cancers. We aimed to investigate the oncogenic function and therapeutic significance of the m6A binding protein, YTH domain family 2 (YTHDF2), in ICC progression and cisplatin‐based chemotherapy.MethodsSeveral independent data sets were used to assess the expression of YTHDF2 in ICC, particularly in chemoresistant ICC. Knockdown and overexpression were used to evaluate the effects of YTHDF2 on tumourigenesis and cisplatin response in ICC. Multi‐omics sequencing was performed to identify target genes. RIP, dual luciferase reporter, RNA stability experiment and loss‐of‐function assays were conducted to study the mechanisms underlying the oncogenic function of YTHDF2. Furthermore, patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) model was established to determine the effect of combination treatment of YTHDF2 siRNA and cisplatin in ICC.ResultsOur study showed that YTHDF2 was upregulated in ICC tissues, particularly in chemoresistant ICC tissues, and correlated with poor prognosis. Furthermore, silencing YTHDF2 led to inhibited proliferation, promoted apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Its downregulation also enhanced DNA damage and sensitised ICC cells to cisplatin. YTHDF2 overexpression exerted the opposite results. Integration analysis using RNA‐seq, MeRIP‐seq and anti‐YTHDF2 RIP‐seq elucidated the role of YTHDF2 in tumourigenesis and cisplatin‐desensitising function by promoting the degradation of cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (CDKN1B) mRNA in an m6A‐dependent manner. Downregulation of CDKN1B increased the YTHDF2 silencing‐induced influence on tumourigenesis and cisplatin response to ICC. In addition, the combination treatment of YTHDF2 siRNA and cisplatin significantly enhanced the anti‐tumour effect of cisplatin in a chemoresistant ICC PDX model.ConclusionsYTHDF2 exhibits tumour oncogenic and cisplatin‐desensitising properties, which may offer insight into the development of novel combination therapeutic strategies for ICC.
Genome‐wide CRISPR/Cas9 screening for therapeutic targets in NSCLC carrying wild‐type TP53 and receptor tyrosine kinase genes
Authors: Wang Qianqian , Li Jun , Zhu Jing , Mao Jiaqi , Duan Chao , Liang Xiao , Zhu Lingyun , Zhu Mengyan , Zhang Zhihong , Lin Fan , Guo Renhua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundTargeted drugs have greatly improved the therapeutic outcome of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients compared with conventional chemotherapy, whereas about one‐third of patients are so far not suitable for targeted therapy due to lack of known driver oncogenes such as a mutated receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) genes. In this study, we aimed to identify therapeutic targets for this subgroup of NSCLC patients.MethodsWe performed genome‐wide CRISPR/Cas9 screens in two NSCLC cell lines carrying wild‐type TP53 and receptor tyrosine kinase (wtTP53‐RTK) genes using a GeCKO v2.0 lentiviral library (containing 123411 sgRNAs and targeting 19050 genes). MAGeCKFlute was used to analyse and identify candidate genes. Genetic perturbation and pharmacological inhibition were used to validate the result in vitro and in vivo.ResultsThe Genome‐wide CRISPR/Cas9 screening identified MDM2 as a potential therapeutic target for wtTP53‐RTK NSCLC. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of MDM2 reduced cell proliferation and impaired tumour growth in the xenograft model, thus confirming the finding of the CRISPR/Cas9 screening. Moreover, treatment by a selective MDM2 inhibitor RG7388 triggered both cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in several NSCLC cell lines. Additionally, RG7388 and pemetrexed synergistically blocked the cell proliferation and growth of wtTP53‐RTK tumours but had limited effects for other genotypes.ConclusionsWe identified MDM2 as an essential gene and a potential therapeutic target in wtTP53‐RTK NSCLC via a genome‐wide CRISPR/Cas9 screening. For this subgroup, treatment by RG7388 alone or by its combination with pemetrexed resulted in significant tumour inhibition.
Plot size matters: Toward comparable species richness estimates across plot‐based inventories
Authors: Portier Jeanne , Zellweger Florian , Zell Jürgen , Alberdi Asensio Iciar , Bosela Michal , Breidenbach Johannes , Šebeň Vladimír , Wüest Rafael O. , Rohner Brigitte 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo understand the state and trends in biodiversity beyond the scope of monitoring programs, biodiversity indicators must be comparable across inventories. Species richness (SR) is one of the most widely used biodiversity indicators. However, as SR increases with the size of the area sampled, inventories using different plot sizes are hardly comparable. This study aims at producing a methodological framework that enables SR comparisons across plot‐based inventories with differing plot sizes. We used National Forest Inventory (NFI) data from Norway, Slovakia, Spain, and Switzerland to build sample‐based rarefaction curves by randomly incrementally aggregating plots, representing the relationship between SR and sampled area. As aggregated plots can be far apart and subject to different environmental conditions, we estimated the amount of environmental heterogeneity (EH) introduced in the aggregation process. By correcting for this EH, we produced adjusted rarefaction curves mimicking the sampling of environmentally homogeneous forest stands, thus reducing the effect of plot size and enabling reliable SR comparisons between inventories. Models were built using the Conway–Maxell–Poisson distribution to account for the underdispersed SR data. Our method successfully corrected for the EH introduced during the aggregation process in all countries, with better performances in Norway and Switzerland. We further found that SR comparisons across countries based on the country‐specific NFI plot sizes are misleading, and that our approach offers an opportunity to harmonize pan‐European SR monitoring. Our method provides reliable and comparable SR estimates for inventories that use different plot sizes. Our approach can be applied to any plot‐based inventory and count data other than SR, thus allowing a more comprehensive assessment of biodiversity across various scales and ecosystems.