bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chinese humanities scholars' reading of academic E‐books: A survey on reading strategies and tasks
Authors: Song Ningyuan , Liu Jing , Wang Xiaoguang , Duan Qingyu , Weng Mengjuan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAcademic books are essential to humanities scholars. With the rapid development of digital publishing, digital reading has become mainstream, and electronic academic books are gradually being absorbed by humanities scholars. In this case, it is important to understand their use of reading tasks and strategies when reading electronic‐academic books, and to summarize the characteristics of their e‐book reading behaviour. This study therefore outlined the academic reading characteristics of humanities scholars, as well as their e‐book reading strategies and tasks. Subsequently, a user reading strategy questionnaire was compiled, and a survey conducted. Finally, descriptive statistics and sample paired t‐tests were adopted to obtain the usage of e‐book reading strategies of Chinese humanities scholars. Results showed that prior knowledge was the most used strategy, followed by understanding and decision‐making, self‐regulation, and self‐monitoring strategies. Significant differences in the frequency and preference of reading strategies in different e‐book reading tasks were also identified. This paper further discusses the characteristics of e‐book reading behaviour of humanities scholars, and the future direction of electronic academic book construction.
Assessment of the correlation between residual hearing and audiologic outcomes after cochlear implantation in patients with cochlear nerve deficiency
Authors: Lu Simeng , Wei Xingmei , Kong Ying , Chen Biao , Chen Jingyuan , Zhang Lifang , Yang Mengge , Liu Sha , Li Yongxin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the correlation between residual hearing and audiologic outcomes after cochlear implant (CI) surgery in patients with cochlear nerve deficiency (CND).MethodsThis retrospective study included 57 patients with CND who underwent CI surgery. Patients were divided into four groups according to hearing level (80–95, 95–110, 110–120, and >120 dB) and three groups according to residual hearing (entire spectrum hearing, partial spectrum hearing, and no spectrum hearing) based on the measured response at each frequency. Auditory performance (categorical auditory performance [CAP], Infant–Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale [IT‐MAIS]) and speech perception (speech intelligibility rating [SIR] and meaningful use of speech scale [MUSS]) were assessed before and 2 years after the surgery.ResultsForty‐seven (82.5%) patients had complete or total hearing loss (≥95 dB) and 17 (29.8%) had no spectrum hearing before CI surgery. Twenty‐nine (50.9%) patients did not exhibit residual hearing at 4 kHz. All patients demonstrated an improvement in auditory performance and speech perception: the CAP score in the 80–95 dB group was significantly higher than that in the 110–120 and >120 dB groups, and the entire spectrum hearing group showed significantly higher CAP, SIR, and IT‐MAIS scores than the partial spectrum hearing group and significantly higher CAP, SIR, IT‐MAIS, and MUSS scores than the no spectrum hearing group.ConclusionFor patients with CND, residual hearing, especially high‐frequency residual hearing, was poor and postoperative audiologic outcomes were significantly associated with the range of residual hearing.Level of Evidence4
Surgical site infections after pediatric open airway reconstruction—A National Surgical Quality Improvement Program‐Pediatric analysis
Authors: Johnson Romaine F. , Teplitzky Taylor , Wynings Erin M. , Kou Yann‐Fuu , Chorney Stephen R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the rate of surgical site infections (SSI) after pediatric open airway reconstruction using a nationwide database.Study DesignCross‐sectional study of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program‐Pediatric (ACS NSQIP‐P) Database.MethodsThe ACS NSQIP‐P was queried for open airway surgeries between 2013 and 2019 determining postoperative SSI and wound dehiscence with a random sample of non‐airway cases serving as a control group.ResultsA total of 637 laryngotracheoplasties (LTP), 411 tracheal resections (TR) and 2100 control procedures were included. LTP and TR were both performed on younger children with more comorbidities than control surgeries (p < .05). Postoperative wound complications occurred more often after airway reconstructions than non‐airway cases (6.4% vs. 2.9%, p < .001). Compared to non‐airway procedures, LTP (OR: 2.42, 95% CI: 1.62–3.61) and TR (OR: 2.07, 95% CI: 1.28–3.66) developed increased SSI. Multiple logistic regression identified dirty or infected wounds (OR: 4.61, p < .001, 95% CI: 2.35–9.03) and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Class IV (OR: 3.19, p = .02, 95% CI: 1.12–8.39) as the strongest predictors of SSI after airway reconstruction.ConclusionsSSI after pediatric airway reconstruction occur in 6% of cases and are increased in infected wounds and ASA Class IV surgeries. Recognizing common factors for these complications provide reliable benchmarking to design surgical quality improvement initiatives.Level of Evidence4.
Review of applied health informatics courses in a multidisciplinary biomedical informatics department
Authors: Motiwala Tasneem , Zhang Ping , Gregory Megan , Fareed Naleef , Ning Xia , Coombes Kevin , Kokanos Gabrielle , Hebert Courtney 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionApplied health informatics infrastructure is a requirement for learning health systems and it is imperative that we train a workforce that can support this infrastructure. Our department offers courses in several interdisciplinary programs with topics ranging from bioinformatics to population health informatics. Due to changes in the field and our faculty members, we sought to assess our courses relevant to applied health informatics.MethodsIn this paper, we discuss the three‐phase evaluation of our program and include the survey we developed to identify the skills and knowledge base of our faculty.ResultsWe show how this assessment allowed us to identify gaps and develop strategies for program expansion.ConclusionsA focus on workforce development can help to guide and focus curricular review in an interdisciplinary graduate program.
A note on edge colorings and trees
Authors: Jarden Adi , Shami Ziv 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe point out some connections between existence of homogenous sets for certain edge colorings and existence of branches in certain trees. As a consequence, we get that any locally additive coloring (a notion introduced in the paper) of a cardinal κ has a homogeneous set of size κ provided that the number of colors μ satisfies . Another result is that an uncountable cardinal κ is weakly compact if and only if κ is regular, has the tree property, and for each there exists such that every tree of height μ with λ nodes has less than branches.
Tameness of definably complete locally o‐minimal structures and definable bounded multiplication
Authors: Fujita Masato , Kawakami Tomohiro , Komine Wataru 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe first show that the projection image of a discrete definable set is again discrete for an arbitrary definably complete locally o‐minimal structure. This fact together with the results in a previous paper implies a tame dimension theory and a decomposition theorem into good‐shaped definable subsets called quasi‐special submanifolds. Using this fact, we investigate definably complete locally o‐minimal expansions of ordered groups when the restriction of multiplication to an arbitrary bounded open box is definable. Similarly to o‐minimal expansions of ordered fields, Łojasiewicz's inequality, Tietze's extension theorem and affiness of pseudo‐definable spaces hold true for such structures under the extra assumption that the domains of definition and the pseudo‐definable spaces are definably compact. Here, a pseudo‐definable space is a topological space having finite definable atlases. We also demonstrate Michael's selection theorem for definable set‐valued functions with definably compact domains of definition.
Thermal Structuring of Surface‐Attached Polymer Networks by C,H Insertion Reactions
Authors: Bleiziffer Alexander , Kost Jonas , Rühe Jürgen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPhotolithography is an important process in semiconductor technology with the aim to create structured surfaces, but often requires specific substrate materials that have to be pretreated. Using a novel, fast, and simple process based on thermal activation, the authors are able to produce spatially controlled surface‐bound polymer networks on a variety of different common materials. In this process, which is similar to branding livestock or wood with a hot branding iron, a hot stamp is brought into direct contact with a diazo group‐containing copolymer applied to a substrate to map the profile of the stamp into the polymer film. Crosslinking and covalent surface attachment to the substrate are achieved as a result of thermal activation of the diazo groups, leading to carbene formation, which induces C,H‐insertion crosslinking (CHic). After dissolving the uncrosslinked material, the shape of the stamp is transferred into the polymer film. The polymer systems used here allow activation of the diazo function at mild temperatures, so that relatively fast processing allows the performance of step‐and‐repeat processes. By recoating and then repeating the process on already structured surfaces, the physical and chemical material properties of structures can be tailored, and structure‐on‐structure features become easily possible.
Compact quasi‐Einstein manifolds with boundary
Authors: Diógenes Rafael , Gadelha Tiago 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe goal of this article is to study compact quasi‐Einstein manifolds with boundary. We provide boundary estimates for compact quasi‐Einstein manifolds similar to previous results obtained for static and V‐static spaces. In addition, we show that compact quasi‐Einstein manifolds with connected boundary and satisfying a suitable pinching condition must be isometric, up to scaling, to the standard hemisphere .
Consumption of Artificial Sweetener Acesulfame Potassium Increases Preterm Risk and Uterine Contraction with Calcium Influx Increased via Myosin Light Chain Kinase–Myosin Light Chain 20 Related Signaling Pathway
Authors: Chiang Yi‐Fen , Chen Hsin‐Yuan , Lai Yu‐Han , Ali Mohamed , Chen Yang‐Ching , Hsia Shih‐Min 
Published: August 2022

ScopeThe consumption of artificial sweeteners has been rapidly increasing, with potentially hazardous effects on human reproduction. This study aims to explore the effect of Acesulfame Potassium (Ace K) and its potential mechanism to induce uterine contraction through in vitro, ex vivo, in vivo, and clinical observation studies.Methods and resultsUsed ex vivo and in vitro studies to analyze its effect on uterine contraction and involved signaling pathway. Used the long‐term, high‐dose exposure to examine Ace K's affection for contractive‐related protein expression. By involving a cohort of 613 participants, to assess the dose‐responsiveness of Ace K consumption and calculate the odd ratio of Ace K consumption and the relationship with preterm risk. Animal studies show increasing uterine contraction, cytokine secretion, and altered contraction‐related protein expression. Human data show that higher consumption of Ace K may be related to early delivery.ConclusionLong‐term high‐dose exposure to Ace K can induce uterine hypercontraction, increase cytokine secretion, and alters contraction‐related protein expression. These findings suggest that women who suffer from uterine hypercontraction causes painfulness should pay more attention to the zero‐ or low‐calorie soft drinks or food products containing Ace K.
Appetite and quality of life in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A scoping review
Authors: Sarmet Max , Kabani Aamna , Maragakis Nicholas J. , Mehta Ambereen K. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLoss of appetite is related to undesirable loss of weight in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and affects up to two thirds of people with this disease. Little is known about the instruments used to measure appetite loss, its impact on quality of life (QoL), or strategies used to improve loss of appetite. In this study we aim to characterize the existing literature on the symptom of appetite loss in ALS through a systematic scoping review following the framework by Arksey and O'Malley and PRISMA guidelines. Studies assessing appetite in people with ALS (pALS) published in English and indexed on Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases were included. A total of 156 full references were identified, of which 10 articles met the inclusion criteria and were eligible for data synthesis after screening. Seven unique instruments were used to assess appetite across the included studies, most commonly the Council of Nutrition Appetite Questionnaire. No studies included a subjective assessment of appetite loss. A total of 12 unique potential associated factors across five studies were identified. QoL was measured in seven studies using nine different QoL measurement tools. Few studies measure appetite in pALS and there is no consensus on the assessment tool used. Few studies evaluated the impact of appetite as a symptom on QoL. Furthermore, the heterogeneity of outcomes and risk factors of the existing data limit the clinical application of these findings. Future studies are needed to guide clinical management and interventions for people with ALS and appetite loss.
Characterizing the Flow Regime in Brook Trout Incubation Habitats and Implications for Management in a Hydro-Regulated River
Authors: Slongo Stephen A. , McLaren Brian E. , Mackereth Robert W. , Siddiqui Sohail , Tyhuis Raymond , Gibson Daniel , Rennie Michael D. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The operation of dams, diversions, and power generation facilities unavoidably influence the ecological function of rivers. We evaluated vertical and horizontal hydraulic gradients and subsequent water temperature changes in the hyporheic zone of a spawning area for Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis in a managed Lake Superior tributary in Ontario, then conducted a laboratory-based experiment to show the impact of cold shock during incubation on the timing of larval emergence and survival. Upwelling groundwater was observed at the spawning area during the monitoring period (October 28, 2016, to January 11, 2017); hyporheic water temperatures remained above 3.7°C, whereas ambient river temperature above the substrate fell to 1.5°C until water was released from the upstream control dam. After the release event, water level increased by 0.9 m over the spawning area, and within 24 h, vertical and horizontal flow gradients were reversed in the hyporheic zone; downwelling conditions were observed for 30 h between surface and hyporheic water 1.8 m below substrate, and hyporheic water temperature decreased in unison. Hyporheic temperatures at shallow inshore sites fell below 1°C for more than 53 h. In the laboratory, applying a worst-case scenario of dam-induced cold shock on Brook Trout redds using historic monitoring records (i.e., &lt;1.0°C for 40 h), we found no appreciable effect on survival and development timing of incubating Brook Trout eggs compared with a control group. Survival from fertilization to hatching was high for both treatment and control groups (&gt;90%) and lower from fertilization to emergence (55%). Overall, our results suggest that standard winter operating procedures on a Lake Superior tributary had little impact on Brook Trout egg survival and development time to hatching and emergence; however, our findings also suggest that staged winter discharges would lessen the reversal of flow in the hyporheic zone and the magnitude of temperature changes experienced at Brook Trout redds.
Nutrition education with or without oral nutrition supplements has contrasting effects on nutrition status in older adults: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Xie Hua , Qiao Li Hua , Zhao Yue , Yan Zijie , Bai Huijin , Wang Yan , Ye Tingting , Yu Jun , Du Qin , Sun Jianqin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundOral nutrition supplements (ONSs) play an important role in the management of malnutrition. This aim of study was to examine whether a comprehensive intervention, combining ONSs, family‐centered health education, and nutrition and medical consultations, could improve the nutrition and health status of malnourished older adults living in community dwellings.MethodsA randomized controlled trial was conducted from October 2017 to May 2018 in Shanghai. All participants were screened using the Mini Nutritional Assessment‐Short Form (MNA‐SF). Participants with MNA‐SF scores ≤11 and age ≥65 were selected. Participants with potential nutrition risk were randomized into two groups: intervention group (n = 101) were prescribed ONSs (400 kcal/day) and family‐centered nutrition education (once every 2 weeks) and control group (n = 100) received only family‐centered nutrition education. Anthropometric measurements, including weight and height, and nutrition and functional scales, including MNA‐SF, grip strength, and activities of daily living scores, were collected at the beginning of the study and 12 weeks later.ResultsOf the 201 study participants, 182 completed the study (mean age, 75.48 ± 7.47 years). After 12 weeks, nutrient intake improvements in the intervention group (+370.6 ± 432.6 kcal/day, +17.6 ± 24.1 g/day) exceeded that of the control group (−67.5 ± 378.2 kcal/day, −0.9 ± 16.7 g/day). In addition, improvements in weight, body mass index, and handgrip strength were significantly higher in the intervention vs control group (P < .05).ConclusionComprehensive nutrition interventions improved nutrition status in malnourished older people living in community dwellings. Use of ONSs may be a good strategy to improve nutrition status and strength in community‐dwelling older adults.
Microbiome profile informs cleansing and storage practices for reusable feeding tube stylets in critical care
Authors: Bourgault Annette M. , Deb Chirajyoti , Aguirre Lillian , Xie Rui , Rathbun Kimberly Paige , Sole Mary Lou 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundCleansing and storage practices for reusable feeding tube stylets are varied and lack consensus guidelines. Almost 40% of critical care nurses do not cleanse reusable stylets. Our proof‐of‐concept study aimed to identify potential microbial contamination of stylets before and after cleansing with 70% isopropyl alcohol to establish practice standards.MethodsThis prospective, exploratory pilot study sampled reusable feeding tube stylets using three different stylet sample sets. Set 1 included human participant stylets sampled for microbiome profile precleansing, and postcleansing and reinsertion into feeding tubes (n = 4). Sets 2 and 3 included stylets stored at the bedside. Set 2 included precleansed stylets for microbiome profiles (n = 5). Set 3 included precleansed and postcleansed stylets sampled for quantitative cultures (n = 5). Careful handling and storage protocols were used. Microbiome profiling used 16s ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing.ResultsBacterial species identified on stylets were primarily common microflora and opportunistic pathogens, including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas fulva, Cutibacterium acnes, Prevotella melaninogenica, and Lactobacillus paracasei. Microbiological culturing of stylet samples (set 3) did not yield growth for 9/10 samples; Staphylococcus capitis was identified in one postcleansed sample. Mean bacterial species diversity (alpha diversity) decreased following alcohol cleansing (M = 2.54 pre, M = 1.5 post; P = 0.006).ConclusionThe abundance of several potentially opportunistic pathogens indicated plausible risk for gut contamination secondary to reinsertion of stylets into small‐bore feeding tubes. Stylet cleansing with 70% isopropyl alcohol reduced bacterial burden on the stylets, although viability was unknown. Careful cleansing, handling, and storage protocols for reusable stylets are necessary to minimize contamination.
Container placement and migration strategies for cloud, fog, and edge data centers: A survey
Authors: Kaur Kiranpreet , Guillemin Fabrice , Sailhan Francoise 
Published: August 2022

SummaryThe last decade has witnessed important development of network softwarization that has revolutionized the practice of networks. Virtualized networks bring novel and specific requirements for the control and orchestration of containerized network functions that are scattered across the network. In this regard, the migration of virtualized network functions plays a pivotal role to best meet the requirements of optimal resource utilization, load balancing and fault tolerance. The purpose of this survey is to offer a detailed overview of the progress on container migration so as to provide a better understanding of the trade‐off between the benefits associated with the migration and the practical challenges. The paper includes a classification of the placement algorithms that map the containerized network functions on the virtualized infrastructure. Following, a taxonomy of the migration techniques that perform the transfer of the containerized microservices is proposed.
Experiences of using clinical pathways in hospitals: Perspectives of quality improvement personnel
Authors: Hwang Jee‐In , Tchoe Ha Jin , Chung Soojin , Park Eunji , Choi Miyoung 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimThis study aimed to explore the experiences of quality improvement personnel in implementing clinical pathways (CPs) in Korean hospitals.DesignA qualitative study using focus‐group interviews was conducted with healthcare professionals in charge of CP development and management in hospitals.MethodsSixteen quality improvement personnel from eight tertiary and seven general hospitals were recruited using purposive sampling. The verbatim transcribed data were analysed using qualitative content analysis.ResultsThree key themes emerged: (1) the primary focus of CP development on surgeries through concerted efforts between management and frontline healthcare professionals; (2) CP fidelity management using indicators and feedback to relevant staff or departments; and (3) positive outcomes, despite concerns about system safety. The factors affecting CP use included availability of clinical evidence, flexibility of CPs, top management and clinical leadership, physicians' perceptions of CPs, computerized support systems, and external policies and regulations.
Psychometric properties of the Korean adaptation of the communities advancing resilience toolkit (CART) assessment survey
Authors: Kim Eun‐Mi , Kim Gwang Suk , Kim Heejung , Pfefferbaum Betty 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to establish a cross‐cultural adaptation of the Communities Advancing Resilience Toolkit (CART) assessment survey for Korean communities (K‐CART) and evaluated its psychometric properties of K‐CART.DesignA cross‐sectional study design was used.MethodsA forward and backward translation of the CART was conducted. The psychometric properties of K‐CART were evaluated with test–retest reliability, internal consistency, content validity and construct validity. A field study was conducted involving 315 older adults in Pohang city, South Korea from January to March, 2019. Two versions of K‐CART were analysed, based on the four‐factor and the expanded five‐factor K‐CART.ResultsThe test–retest reliability and internal consistency were acceptable (intraclass consistency coefficient = .90). The consistency reliability was satisfactory (Cronbach's α = 0.91). The content validity index (CVI) was found to be acceptable; wherein the item‐CVI and scale‐CVI were both 0.95. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the construct validity of the expanded K‐CART with five factors reached a more acceptable model fit (χ2/df = 2.27, CFI = 0.89, TLI = 0.86, RMESA = 0.05).