bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An explicit‐implicit numerical scheme for time fractional boundary layer flows
Authors: Nawaz Yasir , Arif Muhammad Shoaib , Abodayeh Kamaleldin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis contribution is concerned with constructing a fractional explicit‐implicit numerical scheme for solving time‐dependent partial differential equations. The proposed scheme has the advantage over some existing explicit in providing better stability region. But it has one of its limitations of being conditionally stable, even having one implicit stage. For spatial discretization, a fourth‐order compact scheme is considered. The stability and convergence of the proposed scheme for respectively the scalar parabolic equation and system of parabolic equations are given. For the sake of application of the scheme, fractional models of flow between parallel plates and mixed convection flow of Stokes' problems under the effects of viscous dissipation and thermal radiation are constructed. The proposed scheme for the classical model is also compared with built‐in Matlab solver pdepe for solving parabolic and elliptic equations and existing numerical schemes. It is found that Matlab solver pdepe is failed to find the solution of the considered flow problem with larger values of Eckert number or coefficient of the nonlinear term. But, the proposed scheme successfully finds the solution for classical and fractional models and shows faster convergence than the existing scheme. We provide illustrative computer simulations to show the principal computational features of this approach.
Effect of oligonol, a lychee‐derived polyphenol, on skeletal muscle in ovariectomized rats by regulating body composition, protein turnover, and mitochondrial quality signaling
Authors: Kim Jeong Hun , Lee Hyangkyu , Kim Ji Min , Lee Byung‐Joo , Kim In‐Joo , Pak Kyoungjune , Jeon Yun Kyung , Kim Keunyoung 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOligonol is a low‐molecular‐weight polyphenol product derived from lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) fruits. This study was focused on the effects of oligonol on the skeletal muscle of ovariectomized rats. We randomly divided female Sprague–Dawley rats into three groups: a sham surgery control group (Sham), an ovariectomy (OVX) group, and an OVX group treated with oligonol (OVX + Oligonol). Oligonol was intraperitoneally administrated at 30 mg/kg daily for 6 weeks. Oligonol treatment after OVX decreased body weight and fat mass, regulated lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle, without loss of lean mass and bone. Bone turnover was not affected by oligonol. In protein synthesis and degradation, oligonol increased the levels of the mammalian target of rapamycin and its downstream targets, eukaryotic initiation factor 4E‐binding protein 1 and 70‐kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase, and it stimulated the expression of ubiquitin‐proteasome pathway proteins, the forkhead box transcription factors of the class O and the muscle ring‐finger protein‐1. Moreover, oligonol treatment enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics. Thus, our results indicated that oligonol treatment had beneficial effects on the skeletal muscle in an estrogen‐deficiency rat model.
Ground‐penetrating radar investigations of the Asaviec 2 archaeological site, Northern Belarus
Authors: Tšugai‐Tsyrulnikova Alina , Charniauski Maxim , Khrustaleva Irina , Plado Jüri , Kriiska Aivar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAsaviec 2 in the Kryvina wetland is one of the best known and the most thoroughly investigated Stone and Bronze Age lake settlement sites in Northern Belarus. Previously, research on the site used excavations and coring, typological analysis and radiocarbon dating of the find material, as well as stratigraphic, lithological and palynological analyses. However, geophysical methods were not used. This study was carried out to test the use of ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) both at this particular site and in peaty sediments generally. The main goal was to determine the lateral spread of the occupation layer and traces of ancient habitation activity. The GPR reflection profiles have been correlated with coring data and previously excavated archaeological profiles. The chaotic pattern in the GPR reflection profiles has been interpreted as disturbed peat, thereby indicating human activity. The areas of disturbed peat and the lower boundary of the peat body were traced and mapped. The occupation layer and signs of human activity are irregularly distributed and largely coincide with the high and intermediate forms of the subsoil relief, but not with the low forms. As a result, we have concluded that GPR is a valuable tool for determining occupational layers in wetlands when verified by excavations and coring.
Genetics of Ataxias in Indian Population: A Collative Insight from a Common Genetic Screening Tool
Authors: Sharma Pooja , Sonakar Akhilesh Kumar , Tyagi Nishu , Suroliya Varun , Kumar Manish , Kutum Rintu , Asokchandran Vivekananda , Ambawat Sakshi , Shamim Uzma , Anand Avni , Ahmad Ishtaq , Shakya Sunil , Uppili Bharathram , Mathur Aradhana , Parveen Shaista , Jain Shweta , Singh Jyotsna , Seth Malika , Zahra Sana , Joshi Aditi , Goel Divya , Sahni Shweta , Kamai Asangla , Wadhwa Saruchi , Murali Aparna , Saifi Sheeba , Chowdhury Debashish , Pandey Sanjay , Anand Kuljeet Singh , Narasimhan Ranganathan Lakshmi , Laskar Sanghamitra , Kushwaha Suman , Kumar Mukesh , Shaji Cheruvallill Velayudhan , Srivastava Madakasira Vasantha Padma , Srivastava Achal K. , Faruq Mohammed ,   GOMED‐Ataxia study group
Published: March 2022

AbstractCerebellar ataxias (CAs) represent a group of autosomal dominant and recessive neurodegenerative disorders affecting cerebellum with or without spinal cord. Overall, CAs have preponderance for tandem nucleotide repeat expansions as an etiological factor (10 TREs explain nearly 30–40% of ataxia cohort globally). The experience of 10 years of common genetic ataxia subtypes for ≈5600 patients’ referrals (Pan‐India) received at a single center is shared herein. Frequencies (in %, n) of SCA types and FRDA in the sample cohort are observed as follows: SCA12 (8.6%, 490); SCA2 (8.5%, 482); SCA1 (4.8%, 272); SCA3 (2%, 113); SCA7 (0.5%, 28); SCA6 (0.1%, 05); SCA17 (0.1%, 05), and FRDA (2.2%, 127). A significant amount of variability in TRE lengths at each locus is observed, we noted presence of biallelic expansion, co‐occurrence of SCA‐subtypes, and the presence of premutable normal alleles. The frequency of mutated GAA‐FRDA allele in healthy controls is 1/158 (0.63%), thus an expected FRDA prevalence of 1:100 000 persons. The data of this study are relevant not only for clinical decision making but also for guidance in direction of genetic investigations, transancestral comparison of genotypes, and lastly provide insight for policy decision for the consideration of SCAs under rare disease category.
A multi‐component evaluation framework of a state‐wide preventive health program: My health for life
Authors: Parkinson Joy , McDonald Nicole , Seib Charrlotte , Moriarty Stephanie , Anderson Debra 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIssueChronic disease is a growing problem affecting approximately half of all Australian adults. In response to growing calls for action on chronic disease, the My health for life program was created, aimed at improving the health of individuals at high risk of developing preventable chronic disease. The preventive health program is multi‐modal, cross‐culturally tailored and contains complex social marketing, community engagement, risk assessment and health promotion components. Therefore, a multi‐component evaluation framework is essential to understand the effectiveness of the My health for life program. This brief report details the evaluation.MethodsThe evaluation design uses non‐randomised, longitudinal analysis using repeated measures, observational, program goal‐based and pretest‐posttest design features to assess the program, its specific modalities and its program adaptations. To ensure timely and credible evaluation, different evaluative implementation frameworks and methods are considered. Quantitative and qualitative methods collect an array of program data at differing levels to assess the processes, outcomes and impacts of My health for life.DiscussionThe implemented evaluation framework has allowed measurement of: (i) process impacts including uptake, retention and attrition, participant satisfaction, fidelity and program stakeholder engagement and (ii) outcomes relating to individual participant level changes in health behaviours.So what?This evaluation is an example of an integrated evaluation approach in a large successful preventive health program. Findings from the evaluation will ultimately inform the applicability and transferability of the program and inform policy makers, stakeholders and other health professionals in preventive health practice.
Mobile phone usage behavior: A longitudinal study of university students in Oman
Authors: Belwal Rakesh , Hoque Shah Md. Safiul , Belwal Shweta 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMobile phones have emerged as ubiquitous devices beyond simple means of communication. Students studying at tertiary‐level educational institutions are one of the major target groups for mobile companies. Notwithstanding, the educators and the marketers of mobile phones and services do not know much about their needs and mobile phone usage behavior. This study aims to determine the mobile phone needs and usage behavior of university students in Oman. The study delves upon longitudinal data collected over three different points of time in a decade and analyzes the changes in students' needs and mobile usage behavior. The findings suggest that students' preferences over time for mobile phones have changed not only for brands but also the way they patronize mobile phones and associated services. The study gives a vital lead to educators and the marketers of mobile phones and services. By understanding the mobile phone needs and usage behavior of students, educators can target their content and deliveries and marketers can target their features, apps, and services innovatively to this emerging segment.
Multicenter performance evaluation and reference range determination of a new one‐stage factor VIII assay
Authors: Lowe Anna E. , Jones Robert , Kitchen Steve , Geisen Ulrich , Rozsnyai Gergely , Jilma Petra , Quehenberger Peter 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionWe conducted a multicenter evaluation of a new one‐stage factor VIII (FVIII) assay (Roche Diagnostics), intended for the quantitative assessment of FVIII activity. We evaluated the analytical performance of the FVIII assay on the cobas t 711 analyzer.MethodsExperiments performed at three laboratories used 3.2% citrated residual or commercially purchased plasma samples. Five human plasma pools and two controls were used to determine assay within‐run and within‐laboratory precision, and total reproducibility; coefficients of variation (CVs) and/or standard deviations (SDs) were calculated. Lot‐to‐lot variability and method comparison (vs Coagulation FVIII Deficient Plasma/Dade Actin FS Activated PTT reagent/Standard Human Plasma Calibrator on the Sysmex CS‐5100 analyzer; Siemens Healthineers) were evaluated by Passing–Bablok and Deming regression, respectively, and Pearson's r calculated. Assay‐specific reference range was determined using 199 fresh plasma samples from healthy adults, not receiving anticoagulants.ResultsAcross sites, SDs for repeatability were 0.016–0.046 for samples with ≤1.0 international units (IU)/dL FVIII activity; CVs were 0.9%–3.8% for samples with >1.0 IU/dl activity. Among samples with mean FVIII activity 0.344–133 IU/dl, good intermediate precision (SD 0.020 for samples with 0.344 IU/dl activity; CV 1.8%–4.7%) and good total reproducibility (CV 2.0%–13.3%) were observed. The FVIII assay showed excellent lot‐to‐lot variability (Pearson's r = .999) and good correlation with the comparator assay (Pearson's r = .993–.996). The reference range for FVIII activity was 82.2−218.0 IU/dl.ConclusionThe one‐stage FVIII assay demonstrated robust analytical performance on the cobas t 711 analyzer, supporting its use in routine laboratory practice.
Survival of the hospitalized patients with COVID‐19 receiving atorvastatin: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Ghafoori Majid , Saadati Hassan , Taghavi Mohammadreza , Azimian Amir , Alesheikh Peiman , Mohajerzadeh Mina Sadat , Behnamfar Morteza , Pakzad Marzieh , Rameshrad Maryam 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAs statins decrease the progression of sepsis and its related mortality, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of atorvastatin on survival and symptom improvement in hospitalized patients with COVID‐19. This randomized controlled trial was performed on 156 hospitalized patients with COVID‐19 in Bojnourd city in 2021. Patients were randomly divided into comparison (standard therapy: hydroxychloroquine + Kaletra®) and intervention groups (atorvastatin 20 mg, SD, plus standard therapy). The main outcomes were the rate of symptom improvement, duration of hospitalization, need for intubation, and mortality rate. In this study, seven patients died, two patients (2.6%) in the comparison group and five (6.6%) in the intervention group. The mean hospitalization days (p = 0.001), the pulse rate (p = 0.004), and the frequency of hospitalization in the ICU ward (18.4% vs. 1.3%) were longer and greater in the intervention group. The remission probability in the comparison group was greater (p = 0.0001). The median hospitalization days in the intervention group was longer (p < 0.001) and remission in the comparison group occurred 1.71 times sooner (hazard ratio = 1.70, 95% confidence interval = 1.22–2.38, p = 0.002). Totally, adding atorvastatin to the standard regime in this study increased hospitalization days and imposed negative effects on symptom improvement in hospitalized patients with COVID‐19.
Characterization of rotavirus strains isolated from children with acute gastroenteritis in Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Authors: Fatima Munazza , Khan Dilshad A. , Amraiz Deeba , Lodhi Munir A. , Ghani Eijaz , Niazi Saifullah K. , Ali Sakhawat 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDiarrhea is the leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality particularly in developing countries and rotavirus has been identified as the major pathogen associated with diarrheal infections. This study was conducted to detect genotypic distribution of predominant rotavirus strains circulating in children suffering from acute gastroenteritis in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Stool specimens were collected from children ≤5 years of age, visiting Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, with signs and symptoms of acute gastroenteritis. Two hundred and eighty‐four specimens were collected during the period from April 2017 to March 2018. Enzyme immunoassay was performed for detection of rotavirus and reverse transcription‐PCR (RT‐PCR) was carried out for amplification of VP7 and VP4 gene segments followed by multiplex PCR using genotype‐specific primers. Out of 284 children, 71 were found rotavirus positive and among them, 54% were females and 46% males. Our findings showed 92% of infection among children ≤2 years of age, while, the peak age of rotavirus incidence was found to be 6–12 months. Although, rotavirus infection was observed throughout the year but frequency increased in winter. Subtype G1P[8] was more prevalent followed by G2P[4], G3P[8], and G4P[6] subtypes. The results of this study provide insight into the disease burden as well as information on rotavirus diversity which will be useful to develop future strategies to control and prevent diarrheal infections among children.
Enteral nutrition in critically ill patients under vasoactive drug therapy: The NUTRIVAD study
Authors: Flordelís Lasierra José Luis , Montejo González Juan Carlos , López Delgado Juan Carlos , Zárate Chug Paola , Martínez Lozano‐Aranaga Fátima , Lorencio Cárdenas Carolina , Bordejé Laguna María Luisa , Maichle Silmary , Terceros Almanza Luis Juan , Trasmonte Martínez María Victoria , Mateu Campos Lidón , Servià Goixart Lluís , Vaquerizo Alonso Clara , Vila García Belén ,   and the NUTRIVAD Study Group
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundEnteral nutrition (EN) in critically ill patients requiring vasoactive drug (VAD) support is controversial. This study assesses the tolerability and safety of EN in such patients.MethodsThis prospective observational study was conducted in 23 intensive care units (ICUs) over 30 months. Inclusion criteria were a need for VADs and/or mechanic circulatory support (MCS) over a minimum of 48 h, a need for ≥48 h of mechanical ventilation, an estimated life expectancy >72 h, and ≥72 h of ICU stay. Patients with refractory shock were excluded. EN was performed according to established protocols during which descriptive, daily hemodynamic and efficacy, and safety data were collected. An independent research group conducted the statistical analysis.ResultsOf 200 patients included, 30 (15%) required MCS and 145 (73%) met early multiorgan dysfunction criteria. Mortality was 24%. Patients needed a mean dose of norepinephrine in the first 48 h of 0.71 mcg/kg/min (95% CI, 0.63–0.8) targeting a mean arterial pressure of 68 mm Hg (95% CI, 67–70) during the first 48 h. EN was started 34 h (95% CI, 31–37) after ICU admission. Mean energy and protein delivered by EN/patient/day were 1159 kcal (95% CI, 1098–1220) and 55.6 g (95% CI, 52.4–58.7), respectively. Daily energy balance during EN/patient/day was −432 (95% CI, −496 to −368). One hundred and fifty‐four (77%) patients experienced EN‐related complications. However, severe complications, such as mesenteric ischemia, were recorded in only one (0.5%) patient.ConclusionEN in these patients seems feasible, safe, and unrelated to serious complications. Reaching the energy target only through EN is difficult.
Air‐assisted in situ deep eutectic solvent decomposition followed by the solidification of floating organic droplets‐liquid‐liquid microextraction method for extraction of azole antifungal drugs in biological samples prior to high‐performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Ezoddin Maryam , Abdi Khosrou , Behnamipour Somaye , Javadi Mahdiyeh H. S. 
Published: March 2022

A free dispersive method, air‐assisted in situ deep eutectic solvent decomposition followed by the solidification of floating organic droplets liquid‐liquid microextraction was indicated in this study. This technique was utilized to simultaneously ascertain some azole antifungal drugs prior to high‐performance liquid chromatography. In this research, a quasi‐hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent was formed from tetrabutylammonium bromide and 1‐dodecanol as an organic solvent at a 1:2 molar ratio. The synthesized deep decomposition in the sample solution caused in situ dispersion of extraction solvent and analytes. Air‐assisted enhanced a dispersion condition in the sample solution. 1‐Dodecanol as a green option was replaced with typical extraction solvents providing the advantages of a suitable freezing point near room temperature and low density. The effect of important analytical parameters on the extraction recovery of analytes was assessed. Under these optimal conditions, the limits of detection and the limits of quantitation determined were in the range of 0.5–2.8 and 1.5–9 μg/L, for water, urine and plasma samples, respectively. The intra‐day and inter‐day relative standard deviations (n = 5) were calculated to be 2.9–4.6 and 4.2–8.9%, respectively. The results represented the effectiveness of the developed method for the extraction and determination of analytes in biological samples.
2‐Arachidonoyl glycerol suppresses gastric emptying via the cannabinoid receptor 1‐cholecystokinin signaling pathway in mice
Authors: Ochiai Keita , Hirooka Rina , Sakaino Masayoshi , Takeuchi Shigeo , Hira Tohru 
Published: March 2022

Abstract2‐Monoacylglycerol (2‐MAG) is one of the digestion products of dietary lipids. We recently demonstrated that a 2‐MAG, 2‐arachidonoyl glycerol (2‐AG) potently stimulated cholecystokinin (CCK) secretion via cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) in a murine CCK‐producing cell line, STC‐1. CCK plays a crucial role in suppressing postprandial gastric emptying. To examine the effect of 2‐AG on gastric emptying, we performed acetaminophen and phenol red recovery tests under oral or intraperitoneal administration of 2‐AG in mice. Orally administered 2‐AG (25 mg/kg) suppressed the gastric emptying rate in mice, as determined by the acetaminophen absorption test and phenol red recovery test. Intraperitoneal administration of a cholecystokinin A receptor antagonist (0.5 mg/kg) attenuated the gastric inhibitory emptying effect. In addition, both oral (10 mg/kg) and intraperitoneal (0.5 mg/kg) administration of a CB1 antagonist counteracted the 2‐AG‐induced gastric inhibitory effect. Furthermore, intraperitoneal 2‐AG (25 mg/kg) suppressed gastric emptying. These results indicate that 2‐AG exhibits an inhibitory effect on gastric emptying in mice, possibly mediated by stimulating both CCK secretion via CB1 expressed in CCK‐producing cells and acting on CB1 expressed in the peripheral nerves. Our findings provide novel insights into the 2‐MAG‐sensing mechanism in enteroendocrine cells and the physiological role of 2‐MAG.
Fujita exponents for an inhomogeneous parabolic equation with variable coefficients
Authors: Sun Xizheng , Liu Bingchen , Li Fengjie 
Published: March 2022

This paper deals with a Cauchy problem of the inhomogeneous parabolic equation
in
), where constants
, and
. The Japanese brackets
;
and the initial data are continuous functions in
. We determine the Fujita exponent for global and non‐global solutions of the problem, depending strictly on
and
, which complete the ones for the nonnegative solutions in J. Math. Anal. Appl. 251 (2000) 624–648 for
. It is so interesting that the inhomogeneous term leads to the discontinuity of this critical exponent with respect to
at zero.
Patterns of Live Baitfish Use and Release among Recreational Anglers in a Regulated Landscape
Authors: McEachran Margaret C. , Hofelich Mohr Alicia , Lindsay Thomas , Fulton David C. , Phelps Nicholas B. D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The release of live baitfish by anglers has been identified as a high-risk pathway for the introduction of aquatic invasive species due to the potential for invasive fish, invertebrates, or pathogens to be released simultaneously with the baitfish. Consequently, the release of live baitfish is illegal in many jurisdictions, but little is known about compliance rates or angler motivations for illegal release. To assess the incidence of live baitfish release in Minnesota, a state with significant live baitfish use and substantial recreational fisheries, we administered a mail survey to a random sample of 4,000 anglers who held a 2018–2019 annual fishing license and received 671 completed responses. To mitigate potential recall bias, we also administered 345 intercept surveys at water body access sites around the state to ask anglers about their current day’s behaviors. A total of 481 (72%) of the mail survey respondents reported that they used live baitfish, and of those, 98 (20%) reported that they release their leftover live baitfish into the water at least some of the time. Of the anglers surveyed at water body access sites, 59 (19%) were using live baitfish on the day they were surveyed, and of those, 11 (18%) released their leftover baitfish into the water. The reasons anglers provided for releasing their baitfish included convenience and their mistaken understanding that released baitfish benefit the recipient ecosystem. The potential for invasive species introductions through contaminated baitfish releases is high given the reported release rates. However, there is also significant opportunity for management interventions aimed at changing perceptions and providing convenient disposal alternatives to illegal release to reduce the risk presented by this pathway.