bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RE:MFKR – das Planspiel zu Materialflusskostenrechnung
Authors: Schomburg Julia , Schmidt Mario 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungBeim Planspiel RE:MFKR (Abb. 5.1) liegt der Fokus auf der Visualisierung und Quantifizierung von Materialverlusten und deren versteckten Kosten.Gemeinsam im Team erfassen die Spieler Energie- und Materialflüsse innerhalb der ausgewählten Prozesskette, welche dabei sowohl physikalisch als auch monetär bewertet werden. Dies ermöglicht, ökologische und ökonomische Einsparpotenziale zu erkennen und mögliche Stellhebel zur Optimierung ausfindig zu machen.Mithilfe von Impulsvorträgen zum Thema Materialflusskostenrechnung (MFKR) werden die Spieler dabei unterstützt, die Methode im Spiel und darüber hinaus anzuwenden. So lernen die Spieler im Verlauf des Spiels die tatsächlich entstandenen Kosten von Materialverlusten kennen und können somit Prozessineffizienzen identifizieren und monetär beziffern. Am Ende des Spieltages erfolgt ein Transfer, bei dem die Spieler ihr erlerntes Wissen in den Arbeitsalltag übertragen.
CP-violating axion interactions in effective field theory
Authors: Dekens Wouter , de Vries Jordy , Shain Sachin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Axions are introduced to explain the observed smallness of the $$ \overline{\theta} $$

θ
¯

term of QCD. Standard Model extensions typically contain new sources of CP violation, for instance to account for the baryon asymmetry of the universe. In the presence of additional CP-violating sources a Peccei-Quinn mechanism does not remove all CP violation, leading to CP-odd interactions among axions and Standard Model fields. In this work, we use effective field theory to parametrize generic sources of beyond-the-Standard-Model CP violation. We systematically compute the resulting CP-odd couplings of axions to leptons and hadrons by using chiral perturbation theory. We discuss in detail the phenomenology of the CP-odd axion couplings and compare limits from axion searches, such as fifth force and monopole-dipole searches and astrophysics, to direct limits on the CP-violating operators from electric dipole moment experiments. While limits from electric dipole moment searches are tight, the proposed ARIADNE experiment can potentially improve the existing constraints in a window of axion masses.
Stochastic normalizing flows as non-equilibrium transformations
Authors: Caselle Michele , Cellini Elia , Nada Alessandro , Panero Marco 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Normalizing flows are a class of deep generative models that provide a promising route to sample lattice field theories more efficiently than conventional Monte Carlo simulations. In this work we show that the theoretical framework of stochastic normalizing flows, in which neural-network layers are combined with Monte Carlo updates, is the same that underlies out-of-equilibrium simulations based on Jarzynski’s equality, which have been recently deployed to compute free-energy differences in lattice gauge theories. We lay out a strategy to optimize the efficiency of this extended class of generative models and present examples of applications.
Island and Page curve for one-sided asymptotically flat black hole
Authors: Gan Wen-Cong , Du Dong-Hui , Shu Fu-Wen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Great breakthrough in solving black hole information paradox took place when semiclassical island rule for entanglement entropy of Hawking radiation was proposed in recent years. Up to now, most papers which discussed island rule of asymptotic flat black hole with D ≥ 4 focus on eternal black hole. In this paper, we take one more step further by discussing island of “in” vacuum state which describes one-sided asymptotically flat black hole formed by gravitational collapse in D ≥ 4. We find that island I emerges at late time and saves entropy bound. And boundary of island ∂I depends on the position of cutoff surface. When cutoff surface is far from horizon, ∂I is inside and near horizon. When cutoff surface is set to be near horizon, ∂I is outside and near horizon. This is different from the case of eternal black hole in which ∂I is always outside horizon no matter cutoff surface is far from or near horizon. We will see that different states will manifestly affect Sent in island formula when cutoff surface is far from horizon and thus have different result for Page time.
Exact scalar (quasi-)normal modes of black holes and solitons in gauged SUGRA
Authors: Aguayo Monserrat , Hernández Ankai , Mena José , Oliva Julio , Oyarzo Marcelo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this paper we identify a new family of black holes and solitons that lead to the exact integration of scalar probes, even in the presence of a non-minimal coupling with the Ricci scalar which has a non-trivial profile. The backgrounds are planar and spherical black holes as well as solitons of SU (2) × SU (2) $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 gauged supergravity in four dimensions. On these geometries, we compute the spectrum of (quasi-)normal modes for the non-minimally coupled scalar field. We find that the equation for the radial dependence can be integrated in terms of hypergeometric functions leading to an exact expression for the frequencies. The solutions do not asymptote to a constant curvature spacetime, nevertheless the asymptotic region acquires an extra conformal Killing vector. For the black hole, the scalar probe is purely ingoing at the horizon, and requiring that the solutions lead to an extremum of the action principle we impose a Dirichlet boundary condition at infinity. Surprisingly, the quasinormal modes do not depend on the radius of the black hole, therefore this family of geometries can be interpreted as isospectral in what regards to the wave operator non-minimally coupled to the Ricci scalar. We find both purely damped modes, as well as exponentially growing unstable modes depending on the values of the non-minimal coupling parameter. For the solitons we show that the same integrability property is achieved separately in a non-supersymmetric solutions as well as for the supersymmetric one. Imposing regularity at the origin and a well defined extremum for the action principle we obtain the spectra that can also lead to purely oscillatory modes as well as to unstable scalar probes, depending on the values of the non-minimal coupling.
Mapping DEHP to the adverse outcome pathway network for human female reproductive toxicity
Authors: Pogrmic-Majkic Kristina , Samardzija Nenadov Dragana , Tesic Biljana , Fa Nedeljkovic Svetlana , Kokai Dunja , Stanic Bojana , Andric Nebojsa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAdverse outcome pathways (AOPs) and AOP networks are tools for mechanistic presentation of toxicological effects across different levels of biological organization. These tools are used to better understand how chemicals impact human health. In this study, a four-step workflow was used to derive the AOP network of human female reproductive toxicity (HFRT-AOP) from five AOPs available in the AOP-Wiki and ten AOPs obtained from the literature. Standard network analysis identified key events (KEs) that are point of convergence and divergence, upstream and downstream KEs, and bottlenecks across the network. To map di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) to the HFRT-AOP network, we extracted DEHP target genes and proteins from the Comparative Toxicogenomic and the CompTox Chemicals Dashboard databases. Enriched GO terms analysis was used to identify relevant biological processes in the ovary that are DEHP targets, whereas screening of scientific literature was performed manually and automatically using AOP-helpFinder. We combined this information to map DEHP to HFRT-AOP network to provide insight on the KEs and system-level perturbations caused by this endocrine disruptor and the emergent paths. This approach can enable better understanding of the toxic mechanism of DEHP-induced human female reproductive toxicity and reveal potential novel DEHP female reproductive targets for experimental studies.
Weak evidence that asset protection underlies temporal or contextual consistency in boldness of a terrestrial crustacean
Authors: Beveridge Darcy , Mitchell David J. , Beckmann Christa , Biro Peter A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn recent years, many studies have investigated the potential state dependence of individual differences in behaviour, with the aim to understand the proximate and ultimate causes and consequences of animal personality. Among the potential state variables that could affect behavioural expression is size and mass, but few studies have found associations at the among-individual levels. Insufficient sampling and incorrect analysis of data are cited as impediments to detecting correlations, if they exist. Here, we conducted a study using 100 pillbugs (Armadillidium vulgare) and assayed their defensive behaviour 24 times each over time and across familiarity contexts, to test the asset protection hypothesis that predicts a negative correlation between boldness and mass, and with increases in mass over time. Multivariate mixed models revealed that despite mostly consistent individual behavioural differences over time (modest slope variance) and across contexts (near-parallel reaction norms), and 18-fold range in starting mass, there was no correlation between individual mean mass and boldness. However, individuals that gained more mass over time may have been more ‘shy’ compared to those gaining less mass, but the correlation was weak and observed variation in mass gain was small. There was also a mean level trend of increasing shyness over time that was coincident with mean level mass increases over time. Together, our study provides weak evidence for the asset protection hypothesis, whereby individuals that accumulate more resources are thought to protect them through risk averse behaviour.Significance statementIndividual variation in ‘state’, such as mass or energy reserves, is thought to be a predictor of individual differences in behaviour that are consistent over time. However, few studies reveal such links, and several studies suggest insufficient sampling may explain null results in most studies. We studied 100 animals sampled 24 times each in a controlled setting to reveal stable individual differences in mean behaviour over time and across contexts; however, individual behaviour was unrelated to large differences in individual mass but weakly related to increases in mass through time whereby individuals became more shy and those growing faster were somewhat more shy. Our results provide little evidence for the asset protection hypothesis.
Impact of contrast-enhanced mammography in surgical management of breast cancers for women with dense breasts: a dual-center, multi-disciplinary study in Asia
Authors: Goh Yonggeng , Chou Chen-Pin , Chan Ching Wan , Buhari Shaik Ahmad , Hartman Mikael , Tang Siau Wei , Ng Celene Wei Qi , Pillay Premilla , Chua Wynne , Jagmohan Pooja , Sterling Eide , Wong Ying Mei , Tan Loon Ying , Ong Han Yang , Pan Huay-Ben , Lee Herng-Sheng , Hung Bao-Hui , Quek Swee Tian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the impact of pre-operative contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) in breast cancer patients with dense breasts.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of 232 histologically proven breast cancers in 200 women (mean age: 53.4 years ± 10.2) who underwent pre-surgical CEM imaging across two Asian institutions (Singapore and Taiwan). Majority (95.5%) of patients had dense breast tissue (BI-RADS category C or D). Surgical decision was recorded in a simulated blinded multi-disciplinary team setting on two separate scenarios: (i) pre-CEM setting with standard imaging, and clinical and histopathological results; and (ii) post-CEM setting with new imaging and corresponding histological findings from CEM. Alterations in surgical plan (if any) because of CEM imaging were recorded. Predictors CEM of patients who benefitted from surgical plan alterations were evaluated using logistic regression.

Results
CEM resulted in altered surgical plans in 36 (18%) of 200 patients in this study. CEM discovered clinically significant larger tumor size or extent in 24 (12%) patients and additional tumors in 12 (6%) patients. CEM also detected additional benign/false-positive lesions in 13 (6.5%) of the 200 patients. Significant predictors of patients who benefitted from surgical alterations found on multivariate analysis were pre-CEM surgical decision for upfront breast conservation (OR, 7.7; 95% CI, 1.9-32.1; p = 0.005), architectural distortion on mammograms (OR, 7.6; 95% CI, 1.3–42.9; p = .022), and tumor size of ≥ 1.5 cm (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.0-2.2; p = .034).

Conclusion
CEM is an effective imaging technique for pre-surgical planning for Asian breast cancer patients with dense breasts.

Key Points
• CEM significantly altered surgical plans in 18% (nearly 1 in 5) of this Asian study cohort with dense breasts.
• Significant patient and imaging predictors for surgical plan alteration include (i) patients considered for upfront breast-conserving surgery; (ii) architectural distortion lesions; and (iii) tumor size of ≥ 1.5 cm.
• Additional false-positive/benign lesions detected through CEM were uncommon, affecting only 6.5% of the study cohort.
Landscape Analysis for Shallow Neural Networks: Complete Classification of Critical Points for Affine Target Functions
Authors: Cheridito Patrick , Jentzen Arnulf , Rossmannek Florian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we analyze the landscape of the true loss of neural networks with one hidden layer and ReLU, leaky ReLU, or quadratic activation. In all three cases, we provide a complete classification of the critical points in the case where the target function is affine and one-dimensional. In particular, we show that there exist no local maxima and clarify the structure of saddle points. Moreover, we prove that non-global local minima can only be caused by ‘dead’ ReLU neurons. In particular, they do not appear in the case of leaky ReLU or quadratic activation. Our approach is of a combinatorial nature and builds on a careful analysis of the different types of hidden neurons that can occur.
Ticagrelor or prasugrel in patients with acute coronary syndrome with off-hour versus on-hour presentation: a subgroup analysis of the ISAR-REACT 5 trial
Authors: Behnes Michael , Lahu Shqipdona , Ndrepepa Gjin , Menichelli Maurizio , Mayer Katharina , Wöhrle Jochen , Bernlochner Isabell , Gewalt Senta , Witzenbichler Bernhard , Hochholzer Willibald , Sibbing Dirk , Cassese Salvatore , Angiolillo Dominick J. , Hemetsberger Rayyan , Valina Christian , Müller Arne , Kufner Sebastian , Hamm Christian W. , Xhepa Erion , Hapfelmeier Alexander , Sager Hendrik B. , Joner Michael , Fusaro Massimiliano , Richardt Gert , Laugwitz Karl-Ludwig , Neumann Franz-Josef , Schunkert Heribert , Schüpke Stefanie , Kastrati Adnan , Akin Ibrahim 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To assess the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor versus prasugrel in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) presenting during off- and on-hours.

Background
The efficacy and safety of ticagrelor versus prasugrel in patients with ACS according to time of hospital presentation remain unknown.

Methods
This post hoc analysis of the ISAR-REACT 5 trial included 1565 patients with ACS presenting off-hours and 2453 patients presenting on-hours, randomized to ticagrelor or prasugrel. The primary endpoint was a composite of death, myocardial infarction, or stroke; the safety endpoint was Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) type 3–5 bleeding, both at 12 months.

Results
The primary endpoint occurred in 80 patients (10.4%) in the ticagrelor group and 57 patients (7.3%) in the prasugrel group in patients presenting off-hours (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03–2.03; P = 0.033), and 104 patients (8.5%) in the ticagrelor group and 80 patients (6.7%) in the prasugrel group in patients presenting on-hours (HR = 1.29 [0.97–1.73]; P = 0.085), without significant treatment arm-by-presentation time interaction (Pint = 0.62). BARC type 3 to 5 bleeding occurred in 35 patients (5.1%) in the ticagrelor group and 37 patients (5.3%) in the prasugrel group (P = 0.84) in patients presenting off-hours, and 60 patients (5.9%) in the ticagrelor group and 43 patients (4.6%) in the prasugrel group in patients presenting on-hours (P = 0.17).

Conclusions
In patients with ACS planned to undergo an invasive treatment strategy, time of presentation (off-hours vs. on-hours) does not interact significantly with the relative efficacy and safety of ticagrelor vs. prasugrel.

Clinical trial registration.
NCT01944800.

Graphical abstract
Effect of personalized dietary advice to increase protein intake on food consumption and the environmental impact of the diet in community-dwelling older adults: results from the PROMISS trial
Authors: Grasso Alessandra C. , Olthof Margreet R. , Reinders Ilse , Wijnhoven Hanneke A. H. , Visser Marjolein , Brouwer Ingeborg A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Diet modelling studies suggest that increasing protein intake with no consideration for sustainability results in a higher environmental impact on the diet. To better understand the impact in real life, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of dietary advice to increase protein intake on food consumption and the environmental impact of the diet in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods
Food consumption and environmental impact were analyzed among 124 Dutch older adults with lower habitual protein intake (< 1.0 g/kg adjusted body weight/day) participating in the six-month PROMISS trial. Dietary intake data from three 24-h dietary recalls, aided by food diaries, and results from life cycle assessments were used to examine the differences in changes in food consumption and environmental impact between those who received dietary advice to isocalorically increase protein intake to ≥ 1.2 g/kg aBW/d (Protein + ; n = 84) and those who did not receive dietary advice (Control; n = 40).

Results
Compared to the Control, Protein + increased protein intake from animal-based food products (11.0 g protein/d, 95% CI 6.6–15.4, p < 0.001), plant-based food products (2.1 g protein/d, 95% CI 0.2–4.0, p = 0.031) and protein-enriched food products provided during the trial (18 g protein/d, 95% CI 14.5–21.6, p < 0.001) at the 6-month follow-up. Diet-associated greenhouse gas emissions increased by 16% (p < 0.001), land use by 19% (p < 0.001), terrestrial acidification by 20% (p = 0.01), and marine eutrophication by 16% (p = 0.035) in Protein + compared to the Control.

Conclusion
This study found that dietary advice increased protein intake, favoring animal-based protein, and increased the environmental impact of the diet in older adults.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT03712306. October 2018.
Consumption of salmon fishmeal increases hepatic cholesterol content in obese C57BL/6 J mice
Authors: Hjorth Marit , Doncheva Atanaska , Norheim Frode , Ulven Stine Marie , Holven Kirsten Bjørklund , Sæther Thomas , Dalen Knut Tomas 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
By-products from farmed fish contain large amounts of proteins and may be used for human consumption. The purpose of this study was to investigate cardiometabolic effects and metabolic tolerance in mice consuming fishmeal from salmon by-products, salmon filet or beef.

Methods
Female C57BL/6J mice were fed chow, as a healthy reference group, or a high-fat diet for 10 weeks to induce obesity and glucose intolerance. Obese mice were subsequently given isocaloric diets containing 50% of the dietary protein from salmon fishmeal, salmon filet or beef for 10 weeks. Mice were subjected to metabolic phenotyping, which included measurements of body composition, energy metabolism in metabolic cages and glucose tolerance. Lipid content and markers of hepatic toxicity were determined in plasma and liver. Hepatic gene and protein expression was determined with RNA sequencing and immunoblotting.

Results
Mice fed fishmeal, salmon filet or beef had similar food intake, energy consumption, body weight gain, adiposity, glucose tolerance and circulating levels of lipids and hepatic toxicity markers, such as p-ALT and p-AST. Fishmeal increased hepatic cholesterol levels by 35–36% as compared to salmon filet (p = 0.0001) and beef (p = 0.005). This was accompanied by repressed expression of genes involved in steroid and cholesterol metabolism and reduced levels of circulating Pcsk9.

Conclusion
Salmon fishmeal was well tolerated, but increased hepatic cholesterol content. The high cholesterol content in fishmeal may be responsible for the effects on hepatic cholesterol metabolism. Before introducing fishmeal from salmon by-products as a dietary component, it may be advantageous to reduce the cholesterol content in fishmeal.
Overcoming the impact of physiologic tremors in ophthalmology
Authors: Singh Gurfarmaan , Jie Wilson Wong Jun , Sun Michelle Tian , Casson Robert , Selva Dinesh , Chan WengOnn 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Ophthalmic surgery involves the manipulation of micron-level sized structures such as the internal limiting membrane where tactile sensation is practically absent. All humans have physiologic tremors that are of low amplitude and not discernible to the naked eye; they do not adversely affect the majority of the population’s daily functioning. However, during microsurgery, such tremors can be problematic. In this review, we focus on the impact of physiological tremors on ophthalmic microsurgery and offer a comparative discussion on the impact of such tremors on other surgical specialties.

Methods
A single investigator used the MEDLINE database (via PubMed) to search for and identify articles for inclusion in this systematic review. Ten key factors were identified as potentially having an impact on tremor amplitude: beta-blockers, muscle fatigue, robotic systems, handheld tools/micromanipulators, armrests/wrist supports, caffeine, diet, sleep deprivation, consuming alcohol, and workouts (exercise). These key terms were then searched using the advanced Boolean search tool and operators (i.e., AND, OR) available on PubMed: (*keyword*) AND (surgeon tremor OR microsurgery tremor OR hand steadiness OR simulator score).

Results
Ten studies attempted to quantify the baseline severity of operator physiologic tremor. Approximately 89% of studies accessing the impact of tremors on performance in regards to surgical metrics reported an improvement in performance compared to 57% of studies concluding that tremor elimination was of benefit when considering procedural outcomes.

Conclusions
Robotic technology, new instruments, exoskeletons, technique modifications, and lifestyle factors have all demonstrated the potential to assist in overcoming tremors in ophthalmology.