bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbon‐embedded mesoporous transition multimetal oxide nanospheres for long‐lasting hybrid cells
Authors: Arbaz Shaik Junied , Ramulu Bhimanaboina , Jin Dasol , Cho Eun‐Bum , Yu Jae Su 
Published: May 2022

SummaryRecently, multiple transition metal oxide‐based materials have been intensely attracted in the field of energy storage owing to their multifunctional properties. Meanwhile, carbon‐based materials are considered more reliable electrode candidates due to their high porosity and chemical stability. Herein, we synthesized carbon‐embedded transition multimetal oxides as a hybrid composite by a facile hydrothermal method, followed by annealing in inert medium. The effect of different metal ion species (Ni, Co, and Ce) and their combination on the energy storage performance was explored. The carbon‐embedded Ni‐Co‐Ce‐Si (C/NiCoCeSi) oxide electrode revealed a higher areal capacity of 35.5 μAh/cm2 at a current density of 3 mA/cm2 than the C/NiSi oxide and C/NiCoSi oxide electrodes due to the improved redox chemistry. Moreover, the C/NiCoCeSi oxide electrode was subjected to a test involving 10 000 charge‐discharge cycles at 7 mA/cm2, and it demonstrated the decent capacity retention of 83.8%. Furthermore, the C/NiCoCeSi oxide material was used as a positive electrode in the fabrication of a hybrid cell (HC). The as‐fabricated HC demonstrated a good areal capacitance of 105.9 mF/cm2 at 1.5 mA/cm2 with maximum energy and power densities of 29.2 μWh/cm2 and 6350 μW/cm2, respectively. Finally, the HC also powered light‐emitting diodes to test its practical functionality.
Multiple structural defects in poor crystalline nickel‐doped tungsten disulfide nanorods remarkably enhance supercapacitive performance
Authors: Kumar Yedluri Anil , Al‐Asbahi Bandar Ali , Pallavolu Mohan Reddy , Rao Sunkara Srinivasa , Nallapureddy Ramesh Reddy , Ramakrishna Seeram 
Published: May 2022

SummaryTailoring the multiple structure defects of nanomaterials by developing efficient construction is a captivating approach to designing unique electroactive materials for supercapacitors with performance improvement. Here, we in situ synthesize Ni‐doped tungsten disulfide nanorod arrays on nickel foam (Ni‐doped WS2/NF NRs) by a hydrothermal technique procedure. These multiple structural defects in poor crystalline Ni‐doped WS2/NF NRs construction configuration by abundant interconnected nanorods would reveal plentiful oxidational/redox‐active states that supply porous/conductive skeletons for quick electrolyte/ion electrons transportations. Favoring its doped conductive effect and synergetic structure of multiple‐like Ni‐doped on WS2, the as‐designed Ni‐doped WS2/NF NRs electrode exhibits a high specific capacity of 242.9 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1, outstanding cycling stability of 6000 long cycles with capacity retention79.8% at 20 A g−1, which is higher than that of binary WS2 electrode. This outstanding performance arises from enhanced conductivity and richer active sites in the multiple structural electroactive materials. This research offers an efficient treatment to explore multiple structural morphologies and architectures of energy storage applications.
Predictors of linkage to hepatitis C virus care among people living with HIV with hepatitis C infection and the impact of loss to HIV follow‐up
Authors: Lau Abby A. , Strebe Joslyn K. , Sura Teena V. , Hansen Laura A. , Jain Mamta K. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveHalf of the people living with HIV (PLWH) with hepatitis C virus (HCV) remain untreated for HCV. We examined predictors of HCV linkage to care among PLWH and the impact of HIV lost to care.Design and methodsWe conducted a retrospective review of PLWH/HCV from our HIV clinics between 2014 and 2017, and examined predictors of HCV linkage to care. We used the Kaplan–Meier method to estimate the probability of HIV retention and HCV linkage over time.ResultsOf 615 PLWH/HCV, 34% linked to HCV care and 21% were cured. Higher odds of linkage to HCV care were among blacks (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.59, 5.47), prior injection drug users (IDUs; aOR: 2.89, 95% CI: 1.39, 6.01), Medicare (aOR: 3.09, 95% CI: 1.56, 6.11), and cirrhotics (aOR: 2.80, 95% CI: 1.52, 5.14). Reduced odds for linkage were in active IDU (aOR: 0.16, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.45) and those seen by an advanced practice provider (aOR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.30, 0.92). The main reason for failure to link to HCV care was lost to HIV care. At 3 years, the overall probability of being retained in HIV care was 53%; among those who had an HCV evaluation visit, it was 75% vs. 41% with no HCV evaluation visit. Accounting for loss to follow‐up, PLWH/HCV had a 65% probability of having an HCV evaluation at 3 years.
A retrospective study on the trends in surgical aortic valve replacement outcomes in the post‐transcatheter aortic valve replacement era
Authors: Chahine Johnny , Jedeon Zeina , Fiocchi Jacob , Shaffer Andrew , Knoper Ryan , John Ranjit , Yannopoulos Demetris , Raveendran Ganesh , Gurevich Sergey 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsTranscatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is the mainstay of treatment of inoperable and severe high‐risk aortic stenosis and is noninferior to surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) for low‐risk and intermediate‐risk patients as well. We aim to compare the valve size, area, and transaortic mean gradients in SAVR patients before and after the implementation of TAVR since being approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2011.MethodsPatients who underwent a bioprosthetic SAVR placement were divided into two groups based on the date of procedure: the early pre‐TAVR implementation group (years 2011–2012) and the contemporary post‐TAVR group (years 2019–2020). The primary endpoint was the mean gradient across the aortic valve within 16 months of surgery. The secondary endpoints included the difference in valve size and various aortic valve echocardiographic variables.ResultsOne hundred and thirty patients had their valves replaced in the years 2011–2012 and 134 in the years 2019–2020. The early group had a significantly higher mean gradient (median of 13 mmHg [interquartile range, IQR: 9.3–18] vs. 10 mmHg [IQR: 7.5–13.1], p = 0.001) and a smaller median effective orifice area index (0.8 cm2/m2 [IQR: 0.6–1] vs. 1.1 cm2/m2 [IQR: 0.8–1.3], p < 0.001). The median valve size was significantly smaller in the early group (median of 21 mm [IQR: 21–23] vs. 23 mm [IQR: 22.5–25], p < 0.001).ConclusionIn the contemporary era, surgical patients receive larger valves which translates into lower mean gradients, larger valve area, and lower rates of patient‐prosthesis mismatch than in previous years before the routine introduction of TAVR.
Changes in microglia during drug treatment of stroke
Authors: Zhang Ling‐Jing , Zhou Hong‐Su , Wang Shi‐Ya , Guan Yi‐Huan , Zhang Chao , Fang De‐Rong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMicroglia are the main immune cells in the brain and the first defense barrier of the nervous system. Microglia play a complex role in the process of stroke. A growing number of studies focus on the mechanism of action of drugs functions and how to regulate microglia. Therefore, we talk about the pathophysiological mechanisms of stroke and elaborate on the microglia signaling pathways of drug action in stroke models and how these drugs play a role in stroke treatment in this review. Understanding how drugs modulate proinflammatory and anti‐inflammatory responses of microglia may be critical to implementing therapeutic strategies using immune interventions in stroke.
Determining a reasonable distance of collecting irrigation data for real‐time management of furrow irrigation
Authors: Nie Wei‐Bo , Feng Zheng‐Jiang , Li Yi‐Bo , Zhang Fan , Ma Xiao‐Yi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOne basis for the real‐time management of furrow irrigation is to estimate the infiltration parameters and Manning roughness, which can represent the furrow condition as early as possible. Closed‐end furrow irrigation experiments were conducted on 45 fields on the Guanzhong Plain in Shaanxi province, China. The infiltration parameters of the Kostiakov equation and Manning roughness were estimated according to multipoint advance trajectory and upstream end water depth at four advance distances (50%, 60%, 70%, and 100% of furrow length; i.e., 0.5 L, 0.6 L, 0.7 L, and 1.0 L, respectively). The estimated infiltration parameter and Manning roughness were then input into WinSRFR to evaluate their effects on furrow irrigation and determine a reasonable distance for collecting multipoint advance trajectory and upstream end water depth. The results indicated that the estimated infiltration parameters and Manning roughness by multipoint advance trajectory and upstream end water depth at 0.6 L or later were highly consistent with the measured values. Except for the upstream end water depth, the mean absolute percentage errors between the simulated advance trajectory, irrigation performance, and applied water volume with measured values were lower than 10% for all furrow irrigation experiments. Therefore, the reasonable distance for collecting irrigation data should not be less than 0.6 L.
Enabling the autofocus approach for parameter optimization in planar measurement geometry clinical optoacoustic imaging
Authors: Englert Ludwig , Riobo Lucas , Schönmann Christine , Ntziachristos Vasilis , Aguirre Juan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn optoacoustic (photoacoustic) tomography, several parameters related to tissue and detector features are needed for image formation, but they may not be known a priori. An autofocus (AF) algorithm is generally used to estimate these parameters. However, the algorithm works iteratively and is therefore impractical for clinical imaging with planar geometry systems due to the long reconstruction times. We have developed a fast autofocus (FAF) algorithm for 3D optoacoustic systems with planar geometry. Such an algorithm exploits the symmetries of the planar geometry and a virtual source concept to reduce the dimensionality of the parameter estimation problem. The dimensionality reduction makes FAF much simpler computationally than the conventional AF algorithm. We show that the FAF algorithm required about 5 s to provide accurate estimates of the speed of sound in simulated data and experimental data obtained using an imaging system that is poised to enter the clinic. The applicability of FAF for estimating other image formation parameters is discussed. We expect the FAF algorithm to contribute decisively to the clinical use of optoacoustic tomography systems with planar geometry.
Methane oxidation by the copper methane monooxygenase: Before and after the cryogenic electron microscopy structure of particulate methane monooxygenase from Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath)
Authors: Chan Sunney I , Wang Vincent C.‐C , Chen Peter P.‐Y. , Yu Steve S.‐F. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) is a copper monooxygenase that converts methane into methanol in methanotrophic bacteria. As this enzyme converts methane into methanol efficiently and selectively under ambient conditions, it has become the paradigm for understanding the design of nature to facilitate this process so that we could develop a biomimetic catalyst to accomplish this difficult C1 chemistry in the laboratory. With the advent of the recent 2.5 Å cryo‐electron microscopy structure of the pMMO from Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath), it is now evident that the catalytic site of hydroxylation in pMMO is a CuICuICuI tricopper cluster (CuI: copper ions) sequestered within the transmembrane domain of this protein complex. With three reducing equivalents embodied in this structural motif, the tricopper cluster can react with O2 to irreversibly cleave the OO bond to harness the highly reactive oxene for rapid and direct insertion into the CH bonds of methane. Here, we review the structural, biochemical, and biophysical studies over the past three decades that have culminated in this important advance in the chemistry of methane oxidation.
Diagnostic and prognostic value ofcircRNAsexpression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Feng Huajun , Wang Dingting , Liu Jinping , Zou Longfei , Xu Shengen , Liang Zhuoping , Qin Gang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundCircular RNAs (circRNAs) have been found to have potential biological applications against tumors in humans. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic, prognostic, and clinicopathological value of circRNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).MethodsThe PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were comprehensively searched for the relevant studies before October 20, 2021. Statistical analysis was performed based on STATA 15.0, Meta‐DiSc 1.4, and RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 55 reports regarding 56 kinds of circRNA were studied in this meta‐analysis, including 23, 38, and 26 articles on diagnosis, prognosis, and clinicopathological features, respectively. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) of the summary receiver‐operating characteristic curve (SROC) were 0.78, 0.84, and 0.87, respectively. Besides, the upregulation of oncogenic circRNAs was significantly associated with poorer overall survival (OS) (HR=2.25,p < 0.05) and disease‐free interval (DFS) (HR=1.92,p < 0.05). In contrast, the elevated expression of tumor suppressor circRNAs was associated with a favorable prognosis (HR=0.50,p < 0.05). In addition, the high expression of oncogenic circRNAs was associated with the tumor size (OR=3.59,p < 0.05), degree of differentiation (OR=1.89,p < 0.05), TNM stage (OR=2.35,p < 0.05), lymph node metastasis (OR=1.85,p < 0.05), and distant metastasis (OR=3.42,p < 0.05). Moreover, the expression of tumor suppressor circRNAs was associated with improved clinicopathological features (lymph node metastasis: OR=0.25,p < 0.05).ConclusionsCircRNAs could serve as potential predictive indicators and be useful for the diagnosis, prognosis, and identification of clinicopathological features in HNSCC.
Muscle mass and estimates of renal function: a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Groothof Dion , Post Adrian , Polinder‐Bos Harmke A. , Erler Nicole S. , Flores‐Guerrero Jose L. , Kootstra‐Ros Jenny E. , Pol Robert A. , de Borst Martin H. , Gansevoort Ron T. , Gans Reinold O.B. , Kremer Daan , Kieneker Lyanne M. , Bano Arjola , Muka Taulant , Franco Oscar H. , Bakker Stephan J.L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundCreatinine is the most widely used test to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), but muscle mass as key determinant of creatinine next to renal function may confound such estimates. We explored effects of 24‐h height‐indexed creatinine excretion rate (CER index) on GFR estimated with creatinine (eGFRCr), muscle mass‐independent cystatin C (eGFRCys), and the combination of creatinine and cystatin C (eGFRCr‐Cys) and predicted probabilities of discordant classification given age, sex, and CER index.MethodsWe included 8076 adults enrolled in the PREVEND study. Discordant classification was defined as not having eGFRCr <60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 when eGFRCys was <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Baseline effects of age and sex on CER index were quantified with linear models using generalized least squares. Baseline effects of CER index on eGFR were quantified with quantile regression and logistic regression. Effects of annual changes in CER index on trajectories of eGFR were quantified with linear mixed‐effects models. Missing observations in covariates were multiply imputed.ResultsMean (SD) CER index was 8.0 (1.7) and 6.1 (1.3) mmol/24 h per meter in male and female participants, respectively (Pdifference < 0.001). In male participants, baseline CER index increased until 45 years of age followed by a gradual decrease, whereas a gradual decrease across the entire range of age was observed in female participants. For a 70‐year‐old male participant with low muscle mass (CER index of 2 mmol/24 h per meter), predicted baseline eGFRCr and eGFRCys disagreed by 24.7 mL/min/1.73 m2 (and 30.1 mL/min/1.73 m2 when creatinine was not corrected for race). Percentages (95% CI) of discordant classification in male and female participants aged 60 years and older with low muscle mass were 18.5% (14.8–22.1%) and 15.2% (11.4–18.5%), respectively. For a 70‐year‐old male participant who lost muscle during follow‐up, eGFRCr and eGFRCys disagreed by 1.5, 5.0, 8.5, and 12.0 mL/min/1.73 m2 (and 6.7, 10.7, 13.5, and 15.9 mL/min/1.73 m2 when creatinine was not corrected for race) at baseline, 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years of follow‐up, respectively.ConclusionsLow muscle mass may cause considerable overestimation of single measurements of eGFRCr. Muscle wasting may cause spurious overestimation of repeatedly measured eGFRCr. Implementing muscle mass‐independent markers for estimating renal function, like cystatin C as superior alternative to creatinine, is crucial to accurately assess renal function in settings of low muscle mass or muscle wasting. This would also eliminate the negative consequences of current race‐based approaches.
Effect of beam attenuation on muscle ultrasound echogenicity measurement in muscular dystrophies
Authors: Spiliopoulos Kanellos C. , Veltsista Dimitra , Bara Stavroula , Vlachopoulos Georgios , Costaridou Lena , Chroni Elisabeth 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeIn advanced muscular dystrophies (AMD), quantification of muscle echo‐intensity (EI) may be influenced by ultrasound beam attenuation, due to fibrosis and fatty infiltration of muscle tissue. Objective of the study was to compare EI measurements using grayscale analysis between a superficial and whole‐muscle region of interest (ROI) in subjects with advanced and mild‐to‐moderate muscular dystrophy (MMD).MethodsThirty‐two adult subjects diagnosed with a muscular dystrophy and twenty‐five matched healthy controls underwent ultrasound assessment of the biceps brachii (BB), rectus femoris (RF) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles. Based on Heckmatt grading scale of muscles, two disease groups, an AMD (Heckmatt grades 3 or 4) and a MMD (Heckmatt grade 2), were analyzed. Superficial ROI was set as one‐fourth of the whole‐muscle area, located immediately below the superficial fascia and always inside muscle boundaries.ResultsMuscle EI was significantly higher in the superficial compared to whole‐muscle ROI, in all evaluated muscle groups of AMD subjects (BB, p = 0.004/RF, p = 0.027/TA, p = 0.002). EI values in superficial ROIs, for individual muscle analysis using z‐scores, were more representative in assessments of muscle abnormality in advanced stages of the disease course (Heckmatt grades 3 and 4). In MMD and healthy muscles, no statistical difference was found in EI measurements between the two ROI types.ConclusionsIn AMD, selection of superficial ROI is better representative of changes in muscle texture, although caution should be exercised when comparing ROIs of different sizes.
A scoping review investigating the use of exposure for the treatment and targeted prevention of anxiety and related disorders in young people
Authors: Teunisse Alessandra K. , Pembroke Lorna , O’Gradey‐Lee Maddison , Sy Megan , Rapee Ronald M. , Wuthrich Viviana M. , Creswell Cathy , Hudson Jennifer L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundCognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is the gold standard intervention for anxiety and related mental health disorders among young people; however, the efficacy of individual elements of CBT (e.g., exposure to feared stimuli) have received little scrutiny.AimsThis scoping review, informed by three stakeholder groups and a scientific advisory group, aimed to identify the nature and extent of the available research literature on the efficacy of exposure to feared stimuli, moderators of effectiveness in young people aged 14–24 years.MethodThree international stakeholder groups composed of clinicians (N = 8), parents/carers (N = 5) and youth with lived experience of anxiety (N = 7) provided input into study design and results. Using the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews, a search of MEDLINE/Ovid, PsycINFO, PubMed, CINAHL, SCOPUS, EMBASE, ERIC, and Health Collection (informit) was conducted using terms related to anxiety, ages 14–24, and exposure.ResultsFrom 3508 unique abstracts, 64 papers were included for the review. While there was evidence for the efficacy of exposure as a treatment for youth anxiety disorders, fundamental gaps in knowledge of exposure in this age group were identified. Most studies examined post‐traumatic stress disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder, and specific phobias with no randomised clinical trials uniquely evaluating exposure for the treatment of DSM‐5 anxiety disorders. Exposure was typically delivered accompanied by other anxiety management techniques. A multitude of optimisation strategies have been tested, yet only one of these effects (timing relative to sleep) showed preliminary evidence of replication.ConclusionsA systematic and theoretically driven program of research investigating the efficacy of exposure in young people and factors that moderate its efficacy, along with methods to overcome barriers for delivery, is urgently needed.
Design, synthesis, and characterization of novel pyrazolopyridine and pyridopyrazolopyrimidine derivatives
Authors: Keshk Reda M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNovel derivatives of pyrazolopyridine and pyridopyrazolopyrimidine were synthesized as these nitrogen heterocyclic compounds have biological and pharmaceutical application. Reaction of 4,6‐dimethyl‐1H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridin‐3‐amine 1 with ethyl acetoacetate afforded 3‐(4,6‐dimethyl‐2H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridin‐3‐ylamino)‐but‐2‐enoic acid ethyl ester 2 and 2,8,10‐Trimethylpyrido[2′,3′:3,4]pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐ol 3. The reaction product depends on the reaction time and catalyst applied. The reaction of ester 2 with POCl3 afforded pyridopyrazolopyrimidine 3 which reacted with ethyl bromoacetate to afford (2,8,10‐trimethylpyrido[2′,3′:3,4]pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐yloxy)acetic acid ethyl ester 4, while the reaction of compound 3 with POCl3 afforded 4‐chloro‐derivative 5, which reacted with hydrazine and a series of amines (primary and secondary) to yield 6 and 7a–n, respectively. 4‐Hydrazino pyridopyrazolopyrimidine 6 reacted with aromatic aldehydes, aromatic ketones, acetylacetone, and ethyl acetoacetate to afford condensation products 8–11. The reaction of ester 2 with ethyl chloroacetate afforded diester 12, which reacted with ethanolamine and hydrazine to afford 13, 14. Pyrazolopyridine 14 reacted with excess acetylacetone to yield pentenone derivative 15. The newly synthesized compound structure was confirmed by elemental analysis and spectral data (IR, NMR and mass spectra).
A non‐destructive methodology for determination of cantaloupe sugar content using machine vision and deep learning
Authors: Ong Pauline , Chen Suming , Tsai Chao‐Yin , Wu Yi‐Jing , Shen Yi‐Tzu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo determine the maturity of cantaloupe, measuring the soluble solid content (SSC) as the indicator of sugar content based on the refractometric index is commonly practised. This method, however, is destructive and limited to a small number of samples. In this study, the coupling of a convolutional neural network (CNN) with machine vision was proposed in detecting the SSC of cantaloupe. The cantaloupe images were first acquired under controlled and uncontrolled conditions and subsequently fed to the CNN to predict the class to which each cantaloupe belonged. Four hand‐crafted classical machine‐learning classifiers were used to compare against the performance of the CNN.RESULTSExperimental results showed that the CNN method significantly outperformed others, with an improvement of >100% being achieved in terms of classification accuracy, considering the data acquired under the uncontrolled environment.CONCLUSIONThe results demonstrated the potential benefit to operationalize CNNs in practice for SSC determination of cantaloupe before harvesting. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.