bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of characteristic evaluation indexes for novel cookies prepared with wax oleogels
Authors: Li Shiyi , Zhu ling , Li Xiaojing , Wu Gangcheng , Liu Tongtong , Qi Xiguang , Jin Qingzhe , Wang Xingguo , Zhang Hui 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDWax‐based oleogels showed better performance as a substitute for shortening in cookies, but the relationship between the structure and physical properties of wax oleogels and cookies quality has not been elucidated, which limit its further application. In this regard, the effect of structure and physical properties of wax oleogels on the quality of cookies was investigated, and the characteristic indexes for evaluating the quality of novel cookies prepared with wax oleogels were determined.RESULTSThe results showed that oleogels with 5–9% proportion of rice bran wax (RBX) and candelilla wax (CDW) produced soft cookies with porous structure, desired spread and color. Compared with shortening, wax oleogels with lower solid fat content (SFC, 4.5–11%, 25 °C) and higher β′ crystals (2795.7–11 671.3) produced cookies with similar hardness to that of shortening. Besides, the hardness of wax oleogel‐based cookies depends more on the amount of crystals than crystal size. In the results, SFC, β′ crystals, viscosity and elastic modulus (G′) were determined to be the characteristic evaluation indexes for the quality of cookies prepared with wax oleogels. Cookies with wax oleogels with higher SFC, β′ crystal, viscosity and G′ are softer.CONCLUSIONThe quality of novel cookies prepared with wax oleogels can be controlled by the SFC and β′ crystal of wax oleogels. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry
Digital technologies to assess yoghurt quality traits and consumers acceptability
Authors: Gupta Mitali K , Viejo Claudia Gonzalez , Fuentes Sigfredo , Torrico Damir D , Saturno Patrizia Camille , Gras Sally L , Dunshea Frank R , Cottrell Jeremy J 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDSensory biometrics provide advantages for consumer tasting by quantifying physiological changes and the emotional response from participants, removing variability associated with self‐reported responses. The present study aimed to measure consumers' emotional and physiological responses towards different commercial yoghurts, including dairy and plant‐based yoghurts. The physiochemical properties of these products were also measured and linked with consumer responses.RESULTSSix samples (Control, Coconut, Soy, Berry, Cookies and Drinkable) were evaluated for overall liking by n = 62 consumers using a nine‐point hedonic scale. Videos from participants were recorded using the Bio‐Sensory application during tasting to assess emotions and heart rate. Physicochemical parameters Brix, pH, density, color (L, a and b), firmness and near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopy were also measured. Principal component analysis and a correlation matrix were used to assess relationships between the measured parameters. Heart rate was positively related to firmness, yaw head movement and overall liking, which were further associated with the Cookies sample. Two machine learning regression models were developed using (i) NIR absorbance values as inputs to predict the physicochemical parameters (Model 1) and (ii) the outputs from Model 1 as inputs to predict consumers overall liking (Model 2). Both models presented very high accuracy (Model 1: R = 0.98; Model 2: R = 0.99).CONCLUSIONThe presented methods were shown to be highly accurate and reliable with respect to their potential use by the industry to assess yoghurt quality traits and acceptability. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Comparative study of steroidal sapogenins content in leaves of five Agave species
Authors: García‐Morales Soledad , Corzo‐Jiménez Ilenia Janeth , Silva‐Córdova Natalina Frine , Soto‐Cordero Andrés Michelle , Rodríguez‐Mejía Diego Iván , Pardo‐Núñez Joaliné , León‐Morales Janet María 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDAgaves are mainly used to produce alcoholic beverages such as tequila, mezcal and bacanora. However, the leaves constitute more than 50% of the plant and are not used in the production process, so they are considered waste. This plant material can be used as a source of bioactive compounds such as terpenes, flavonoids and saponins. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the aglycone type of saponins and to quantify three steroidal sapogenins in leaves of five Agave species collected in different regions of Guerrero and Oaxaca, Mexico.RESULTSAnalysis by gas chromatography–flame ionization detection of the hydrolyzed methanolic extracts showed that diosgenin and tigogenin were the most abundant sapogenins identified in the five Agave species. Differences in the content of these sapogenins were found in the same species collected in different localities.The leaves of Agave americana var. oaxacensis L. (Oaxaca) had the highest diosgenin‐derived saponin content, while the leaves of A. angustifolia Haw. (Guerrero) had the highest tigogenin‐derived saponin content. Only in A. cupreata was sarsasapogenin identified, all three sapogenins occurring in the leaves of this species. For the first time, information is provided on the aglycones of the saponins produced in A. potatorum Zucc. and A. karwinskii Zucc.CONCLUSIONThis study made it possible to compare the content of diosgenin and tigogenin‐derived saponins in leaves of Agave species from Guerrero and Oaxaca. This information will be useful for better utilization of this plant material and add value to the process of mezcal elaboration. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Diagnostic Neurophysiologic Biomarkers for Task‐Specific Dystonia
Authors: Merchant Shabbir Hussain I. , Wu Tianxia , Hallett Mark 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundTask‐specific dystonia (TSD) is a challenging clinical diagnosis with no objective diagnostic biomarkers.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to test 2 neurophysiologic variables using transcranial magnetic stimulation as potential diagnostic biomarkers for TSD.MethodsWe tested (1) cortical silent period (CSP) and (2) dorsal inferior parietal lobule‐motor cortex (dIPL‐M1) physiologic connectivity in 9 patients with the writer's cramp form of TSD and 12 healthy volunteers on 2 separate sessions.ResultsCSP was significantly prolonged (P < 0.0001) in TSD and could classify TSD with high sensitivity and specificity with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) = 0.94 and 0.90, respectively, for 2 separate sessions with an intraclass correlation = 0.79. dIPL‐M1 interaction was notable for significant motor cortical inhibition in TSD compared with facilitation in healthy subjects (P < 0.0001) and could classify TSD with high sensitivity and specificity with AUCs = 0.96 and 0.86, respectively.ConclusionCSP and dIPL‐M1 physiologic connectivity can classify TSD with high sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility, and reliability.
Density functional theory‐nuclear magnetic resonance‐validated full structure elucidation of theionbrunonine C, an unstable N‐oxide theionbrunonine from Mostuea brunonis
Authors: Otogo N'Nang Elvis , Gallard Jean‐François , Champy Pierre , Le Pogam Pierre , Beniddir Mehdi A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe structure elucidation of theionbrunonine C, a thioether‐bridged dimeric monoterpene indole alkaloid (MIA), and more generally, one of the very few sulfur‐containing MIA, is reported after its isolation from Mostuea brunonis (Gelsemiaceae). This unstable structure had already been targeted for isolation in our former, molecular network‐guided, investigation of this plant, but this compound had degraded before sufficient spectroscopic data could have been acquired for a complete structure assignment. With this constraint in mind, the rapid acquisition of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data enabled retrieving sufficient spectroscopic information for full structure elucidation, although from a partial set of spectroscopic information (1H and 13C NMR; COSY, HSQC, and HMBC). In conjunction with biosynthetic considerations, the cursory examination of 13C NMR data unambiguously defined the complete stereostructure of 1, as further supported by density functional theory (DFT)‐NMR calculations and subsequent DP4 probability score.
Robust trocar identification and its application in robotic minimally invasive surgery
Authors: Dong Lin , Morel Guillaume 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn minimally invasive surgery (MIS), instruments pass through trocars which are installed through the incision points. This forms a fulcrum effect and imposes significant constraint. For robotic manipulative operations, the real‐time trocar information is a prerequisite. Systems acquire this knowledge either with a prior registration procedure or through coordinated control of their joints.MethodsA robust and real‐time trocar identification algorithm based on least square (LS) algorithm was proposed in the context of human–robot co‐manipulation scenario.ResultsBoth in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The estimated trocar coordinates expressed in the robot base frame were further leveraged to implement an instrument gravity compensation function.ConclusionsAn LS based approach can be employed to robustly estimate the real‐time trocar information so as to implement more practical robotic functions.
Population Reproductive Structure of Rainbow Trout Determined by Histology and Advancing Methods to Assign Sex and Assess Spawning Capability
Authors: Crossman James A. , Webb Molly A. H. , Korman Josh , Yard Michael D. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRainbow TroutOncorhynchus mykisshave been intensively studied and gametogenesis has been described, but the use of reproductive indices in field studies has not been widely applied when assessing variability in growth or recruitment dynamics. We integrated descriptions for gametogenesis within the framework of standardized terminology for reproductive development in teleosts to develop sex‐specific criteria for assignment of reproductive phases. We used these descriptions and histological analysis of gonad tissue collected from Rainbow Trout in the Colorado River downstream from Glen Canyon Dam to quantify season‐, size‐, and sex‐specific variation in population reproductive structure. The accuracy of nonlethal methods (manual expression and ultrasonography) was evaluated for assigning sex by comparing estimates with those determined by histology. Rainbow Trout were sampled through an annual spawning cycle from October 2018 to April 2019. Spawning capable males were available across the entire period, with a higher proportion earlier in the season compared to later. Females were spawning capable in October, with a peak in February; by April, they were in the early developing phase, indicating that spawning had ended. Elevated levels of atresia (19% for fall spawners) and evidence for delayed maturation were identified, suggesting energetic limitations on the reproductive potential of the population. For both sexes, the probability of being spawning capable increased with fork length, with minimum sizes of ≥283 mm for females and ≥187 mm for males. Sex assignment using ultrasonography was more accurate (46%) than manual expression of gametes (9%), as only a small proportion of males and females expressed gametes. Probabilities of correct sex assignment using ultrasonography were strongly influenced by reproductive phase, with spawning capable fish (females: 100%; males: 77%) having significantly higher probabilities of correct sex assignment compared to immature fish. Furthermore, probabilities of correct sex assignment increased with fish size and were higher for females than for males. Results provide a framework for quantifying spawning capability and population reproductive structure in ongoing research to better understand the drivers of recruitment variability in aquatic ecosystems.
Satisfaction with Singlehood and Sexual Activity
Authors: Træen Bente , Kvalem Ingela Lundin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which Norwegians are satisfied with their singlehood, and to determine the association between being single and sexual activity. Data were obtained from a questionnaire survey of a representative web sample of 1076 unpartnered individuals (568 women, 508 men) aged 18–89 years. A total of 45.2% of the single respondents reported being satisfied with being single, while 33.9% reported being unsatisfied. There was no difference between the age groups in men, but more women aged 45 years or older than women under the age of 45 were satisfied with being single. A higher percentage of gay, bisexual, and transmen than heterosexual men was satisfied with being single. More women who had not been sexually active with a partner in the past year were satisfied with being single than were women who had been sexually active. The men who were most satisfied with being single were those who had masturbated and/or had sexual intercourse, and least satisfied were those with no sexual activity, or exclusively masturbation activity. The results are discussed in terms of biological, psychological, and social positions.
Efficient Skyline Computation on Massive Incomplete Data
Authors: He Jingxuan , Han Xixian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIncomplete skyline query is an important operation to filter out pareto-optimal tuples on incomplete data. It is harder than skyline due to intransitivity and cyclic dominance. It is analyzed that the existing algorithms cannot process incomplete skyline on massive data efficiently. This paper proposes a novel table-scan-based TSI algorithm to deal with incomplete skyline on massive data with high efficiency. TSI algorithm solves the issues of intransitivity and cyclic dominance by two separate stages. In stage 1, TSI computes the candidates by a sequential scan on the table. The tuples dominated by others are discarded directly in stage 1. In stage 2, TSI refines the candidates by another sequential scan. The pruning operation is devised in this paper to reduce the execution cost of TSI. By the assistant structures, TSI can skip majority of the tuples in phase 1 without retrieving it actually. The extensive experimental results, which are conducted on synthetic and real-life data sets, show that TSI can compute skyline on massive incomplete data efficiently.
From small to large-scale: a review of recombinant spider silk and collagen bioproduction
Authors: Gomes Vasco , Salgueiro Sancha P. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAdvancements in material science have led to the development of new composites and biomaterials. Spider silk and human collagen are examples of animal-derived polymers for which sourcing has been challenging. Interest in strong, sustainable products derived from these biopolymers and increasing demand in bio-based solutions are driving forces for investments in non-animal-based production processes namely for use in biomedical applications. An outline of the current landscape of microbial-based bioprocesses is a useful tool to guide further development of novel biomaterials based on these proteins. While bioproduction can deliver a sustainable source for human collagen and for spider silk, it has been challenging to obtain the desired products via microbial-based bio-industrial processes. Optimization through improvements in upstream processes and better adapted large-scale downstream process steps, including replacing chromatography steps with freeze drying and autoclaving for endotoxin removal (silk) and filtration (collagen) has enabled large-scale production and recent capacity expansion of manufacturing, aiming to deliver hundreds of tonnes of product per year. This article reviews the considerable advances that were made in microbial processes for production of human collagen and spider-silk based biomaterials in the past 30 years in translating the laboratory results into scalable processes. Main challenges for successful large-scale implementation—such as recombinant silk durability and the continuous need to improve process economics—and main opportunities such as demand growth of recombinant spider silk and human collagen are outlined.
Long‐Term Study of Quasi‐16‐day Waves Based on ERA5 Reanalysis Data and EOS MLS Observations From 2005 to 2020
Authors: Fan Yi , Huang Chun Ming , Zhang Shao Dong , Huang Kai Ming , Gong Yun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study uses the latest ERA5 reanalysis data and Earth Observing System microwave limb sounder (MLS) observations to investigate the climatological characteristics of quasi‐16‐day waves (Q16DWs) with different zonal wavenumbers. The fitted temperature amplitudes deduced from ERA5 reanalysis data and from MLS observations are highly consistent with each other, even in fine spatial‐temporal structures. The westward‐propagating wave with wavenumber 1 (W1) and the eastward‐propagating waves with wavenumbers 1 (E1) and 2 (E2) are identified as the most dominant propagating components according to the statistical analyses of their fitted temperature and wind amplitudes. All three waves exhibit significant intra‐annual and interannual variations. Their amplitudes in winter/spring and autumn/summer are strong, moderate, or weak. The W1 wave is more intense in boreal winter than in austral winter, while the E2 wave is the opposite, and the E1 wave is equally strong in boreal and austral winters. Their interannual variabilities measured by the ratios of peak amplitudes in temperature, zonal wind, and meridional wind range from 1.64 to 2.15, indicating significant variability. The presence of intense wave activities is always accompanied by a positive squared refractive index. We suggest that the squared refractive index contributes greatly to the global distribution characteristics of the Q16DWs. The W1 wave in the troposphere is more likely to travel upward and reach the stratosphere and mesosphere, while the intense E1 and E2 waves in the stratosphere and mesosphere may come from the upper atmosphere or be excited in situ.
Investigation of Internal Tides Variability in the Andaman Sea: Observations and Simulations
Authors: Yadidya B. , Rao A. D. , Latha G. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Andaman Sea in the Indian Ocean is known for the presence of large‐amplitude Internal waves (IW). Internal tides (IT) are IW of tidal frequency whose temporal variability is unknown in this region. Therefore, we used in‐situ observations collected at (10.5°N, 94°E) from March 2017 to February 2018. The analysis shows that the kinetic energy of semidiurnal IT is dominant to that of diurnal IT by a factor of 4–5. The ellipticity of both semidiurnal and diurnal motions is dominated by rectilinear zonal flow, indicating generation at the slopes of the Andaman and Nicobar islands. Maximum isopycnal displacement reached 46 m for semidiurnal IT. The semidiurnal IT displayed significant seasonal variability—Stronger in summer and autumn but weaker in spring and winter, whereas the diurnal IT are relatively stronger in summer and winter. Furthermore, salinity plays a dominant role in controlling the near‐surface stratification, whereas the temperature variations control the subsurface stratification. This led to the formation of a strong double pycnocline during autumn and winter. Baroclinic coherent semidiurnal (diurnal) variance accounts for 49% (27%) of the semidiurnal (diurnal) motions. Model simulations carried out for March, June, September, and December of 2017 using the Massachusetts Institute of Technology General Circulation Model showed significant seasonal variability in the generation and dissipation of IT. The isopycnal displacement near the generation sites is about 88 m. The experiments suggest that the presence of the Andaman Nicobar Ridge contributes nearly 89% to the total IT generation.
Prediction of Global Ionospheric TEC Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Chen Zhou , Liao Wenti , Li Haimeng , Wang Jinsong , Deng Xiaohua , Hong Sheng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe accurate prediction of ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC) is important for global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), satellite communications and other space communications applications. In this study, a prediction model of global IGS‐TEC maps are established based on testing several different long short‐term memory (LSTM) network (LSTM)‐based algorithms to explore a direction that can effectively alleviate the increasing error with prediction time. We find that a Multi‐step auxiliary algorithm based prediction model performs best. It can effectively predict the global ionospheric IGS‐TEC in the next 6 days (the mean absolute deviation (MAD) and root mean square error (RMSE) are 2.485 and 3.511 TECU, respectively) compared to the IRI (the MAD and RMSE are 4.248 and 5.593 TECU). The analyses of four geomagnetic storm events are completely separate from the time range of the training set, so as to further validate the performance of the model. The International Reference Ionosphere model is used as a reference for the performance of our predictive model, and a rotated persistence is estimated by time‐shift algorithm of IGS‐TEC. The result suggests that the Multi‐step auxiliary prediction model has a good generalization performance and can have a relatively good stability and low error during a geomagnetic storm and quiet time.
Vision‐oriented algorithm for fast decision in 3D video coding
Authors: Lin Jie‐Ru , Chen Mei‐Juan , Yeh Chia‐Hung , Lin Shinfeng D. , Sue Kuen‐Liang , Kau Lih‐Jen , Ciou Yi‐Sheng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper designs a novel method to reduce the coding complexity of 3D‐HEVC encoder by utilizing the properties of human visual perception. Two vision‐oriented edge detections are proposed: for colour texture detection, the authors adopt the Just‐Noticeable Distortion (JND); for depth map, the authors combine the Sample Adaptive Offset (SAO) and the Just Noticeable Depth Difference (JNDD) model. The authors also analyse the properties of colour texture and depth map to classify the coding tree unit (CTU) into various kinds of types, including complex‐edge CTU, moderate‐edge CTU and homogeneous CTU. Besides, fast mode decisions and early termination criteria are performed individually on each type of CTUs according to their characteristics. Especially for those CTUs with more edge information, the proposed projection‐based fast mode decision and residual‐based early termination preserve important colour texture while speeding up the coding at the same time. The proposed vision‐oriented algorithm reduces 31.981% of the overall average coding time with only 1.580% BD‐Bitrate increase. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can provide considerable time‐saving while still maintain the video quality, which outperforms the previous researches.