bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causes of death in hospitalized diabetic patients in a tertiary hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md Jubaidul , Mir Ahmed Salam , Haque Injamam Ull , Jesmin Sadia , Ahmed Jamal Uddin , Mahmuda Farzana 
Published: September 2022

Background: The incidence of diabetes mellitus is on a constant rise, affecting children and the elderly alike. This incidence is presumed to rise even further in the next few decades. Diabetes is often associated with various cardiovascular and kidney-related comorbidities, which can greatly affect the life expectancy. The comorbidities often have a direct influence on the mortality rate. The present study was conducted to find out the cause of death among hospitalized diabetic patients.
Methods:This retrospective study was conducted Medicine and allied departments of BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study period was July 2020 to June 2021 and the study was conducted with the data of 75 patients. Data was collected from hospital records by retrieving the files with proper permission from hospital authority. Patients whose cause of death was due to traumatic injury unrelated to diabetes and cases where investigation reports were not available were excluded from the study. Ethical approval was obtained from the ethical review committee of Bangladesh Diabetic Association.
Results:Among the study subjects, 38.7% were older than 70 years, 30.7% between 61-70 years and only 4% between 23-40 years. Mean age was 65.3±13.2 years. There was slight male predominance, with male: female ratio 1.3:1. Clinical presentation included fever (60%)and shortness of breath (49.3%). Hypertension was the most common comorbidity (92%), followed by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (18.7%) and acute kidney injury on chronic kidney disease (37.3%). The most common cause of death was urosepsis (30.7%) followed by septic shock (13.3%), myocardial infarction (12%) and the least common cause was meningoencephalitis (1.3%).
Conclusion: The study found that the most common cause of death in diabetic patients was sepsis, specifically urosepsis, followed by renal failure and cardiovascular disease related ailments.
BIRDEM Med J 2022; 12(3): 212-216
A male child with Van Wyk-Grumbach syndrome and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a rare case with a rare association
Authors: Zabeen Fahmida , Nazrin Tahera , Begum Noorjahan 
Published: September 2022

Children with severe long-standing hypothyroidism rarely present with Van Wyk–Grumbach syndrome with delayed bone age and pseudoprecocious puberty. Till date, very few such cases are reported in boys. Boys are characterized by testicular enlargement with minimal penile enlargement. The prepubertal response in this syndrome is always isosexual and is mediated by very high thyroid-stimulating hormone levels acting through the follicle-stimulating hormone receptors. Although, hypothyroidism-induced dilated cardiomyopathy is an uncommon phenomenon, here we present a case of Van Wyk–Grumbach syndrome in a prepubertal boy with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
BIRDEM Med J 2022; 12(3): 226-229
Kilis Keçilerinin Yetiştirici Koşullarındaki Laktasyon Süt Verimi ve Süt Kalite Özellikleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: DAŞKIRAN İrfan , YILMAZ Ayhan , GÜNBEY Veysel Serkan 
Published: September 2022

Bu çalışma, Kilis keçilerinde laktasyon süt verimi ve süt kalite özellikleri arası ilişkileri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Süt verimi ve laktasyon süresinin saptanmasında Kilis merkezde bulunan iki farklı işletmeden toplam 170 baş Kilis keçisi deneme materyali olarak kullanılmıştır. Kilis keçilerinde laktasyon süt verimi ve süresine ilişkin tanımlayıcı değerler; 201.05±6.75 kg ve 225.22±7.75 gün olarak bulunmuştur. Çalışma materyali keçilerde, süt kalite özellikleri olarak değerlendirilen toplam kuru madde (TKM), yağ (%), protein (%), laktoz (%), kazein (%) değerleri sırasıyla; 12.175± 0.125, 4.025± 0.088, 3.346±0.054, 4.068± 0,027, 2.563±0,040 olarak belirlenmiştir.
Araştırma sonucu, farklı keçi genotipleriyle karşılaştırıldığında, Kilis keçisinin gerek laktasyon süt verimi gerek süt bileşenleri açısından üstün özelliklere sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, sütteki protein ve kazein oranının tatmin edici seviyede olması nedeniyle özellikle peynir üretiminde Kilis keçisinin önemli bir potansiyele sahip olduğu söylenebilir.
Ethical Leadership and Work Engagement, Job-related Affective Well-being in the COVID-19: The Role of Organizational Trust
Authors: Irfan Kaleem-Ullah , Bano Saima , Nawaz Muhammad 
Published: September 2022

Based on social exchange theory (SET) and social learning theory (SLT), followers reciprocate the behaviours of their leaders and followers imitate the behaviours of their leaders and try to do the same. Following the tenet, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of ethical leadership on organizational trust, work engagement, and job-related affective wellbeing in the COVID-19 context. Data was collected from the nursing staff of three big Pakistani cities hospitals i.e. Lahore, Karachi, and Islamabad (as these cities represent the entire population). Out of 700, the 390 survey questionnaires were finalized for data analysis. It was noted that ethical leadership is positively associated with organizational trust, work engagement, and job-related affective wellbeing. Moreover, results revealed that organizational trust is positively associated with work engagement and Job-related effective wellbeing. The hierarchical regression for mediation showed that organizational trust mediates between ethical leadership and (work engagement, Job-related affective wellbeing).
Pengaruh Rasio Keuangan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Laba (Studi pada Perusahaan Pertambangan Migas Listing BEI Tahun 2016-2020)
Authors: Solicha Dara Puspita , Pertiwi Dwi Ari 
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh rasio keuangan terhadap pertumbuhan laba studi pada perusahaan pertambangan migas listing BEI tahun 2016-2020. Teknik sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu purposive sampling dan mendapatkan jumlah sampel sebanyak 30 laporan keuangan perusahaan pertambangan migas listing BEI tahun 2016-2020. Analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu dengan menggunakan uji regresi linier berganda, serta uji hipotesis yang mencakup uji parsial, simultan dan koefisien regresi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Quick Ratio dan Debt to Asset Ratio tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan laba pada perusahaan pertambangan migas listing BEI tahun 2016-2020, Return on Asset dan Inventory Turnover mempunyai pengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan laba pada perusahaan pertambangan migas listing BEI tahun 2016-2020.
Kata kunci: Quick Ratio; Debt to Asset Ratio; Return on Asset; Inventory Turnover; Pertumbuhan Laba
Peranan Analisa Selisih Biaya Overhead Pabrik dalam Pengendalian Biaya Produksi pada PT. Kaleng Raya Sidoarjo Tahun 2020
Authors: Rhokmawati Suci , Ardiana Meta 
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan selisih biaya overhead pabrik dalam pengendalian biaya produksi pada PT. Kaleng Raya Sidoarjo tahun 2020.Metode penelitian ini memakai metode kualitatif sedangkan pendekatan penelitiannya yakni deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini memberitahukan kalau analisis selisih biaya overhead pabrik PT. Kaleng Raya Sidoarjo tahun 2020 yang memakai model 4 selisih. Terjadi selisih menguntungkan pada selisih pengeluaran, serta terjadi selisih menguntungkan pula pada selisih kapasitas dan selisih efisiensi mengalami selisih yang merugikan, selisih efisiensi ini dipecah menjadi 2 yiatu selisih efisiensi tetap dan selisih efisiensi variabel, kedua selisih tersebut juga mengalami selisih yang merugikan. Selisih yang menguntungkan dicapai perusahaan lebih besar daripada selisih merugikan, sehingga perusahaan bisa dikatakan lumayan efisien dalam pengendalian biaya produksi. Ketika terjadi selisih yang menguntungkan hingga perusahaan mesti atau wajib mempertahankannya dan juga butuh ditingkatkannya lagi di periode berikutnya. Bila terjadi selisih yang merugikan sehingga pihak perusahaan harus mencari pemicu atau penyebab terbentuknya selisih tersebut dan mendapatkan penyelesaian yang terbaik untuk segera mengatasinya.
Kata kunci: Anggaran Biaya Overhead Pabrik; Biaya Overhead Pabrik Sesungguhnya; Pengendalian Biaya Produksi
Pengaruh Efisiensi Modal kerja dan Leverage terhadap profitabilitas (Studi pada Perusahaan Sub Food and Beverage yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2018-2020)
Authors: Latif Abdul , Agustina Rachma 
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Efisiensi Modal kerja dan Leverage yang mempengaruhi Profitabilitas pada perusahaan food and beverages di BEI tahun 2018-2020. Teknik sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan puposive sampling dan memperoleh jumlah sampel sebanyak 39 perusahaan food and beverage di BEI tahun 2018-2020. Analisa data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Efisiensi Modal Kerja tidak berpengaruh terhadap Profitabilitas dan Leverage berpengaruh terhadap Profitabilitas
Kata Kunci: Efisiensi Modal Kerja, Leverage, Profitabilitas
Experimental evaluation of microscopic pore structure and fluid migration characteristics of coal-measure sandstone reservoirs
Authors: Pan Jishun , Peng Yicong 
Published: September 2022

Research on the microscopic migration characteristics of fluids in coal measure sandstone has always been a hot spot in the evaluation of reservoir properties. In this study, taking the Yan’an Formation sandstone reservoirs in the Block A of the Ordos Basin as an example, the pore structures and fluid migration characteristics of coal-measure sandstones are systematically studied using a large number of thin sections, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance), relative permeability and water-flooding test results. The results show that the Jurassic sandstones in the target layer mainly develop lithic quartz sandstone, and the main pore types are intergranular and dissolution pores, followed by a small amount of intercrystalline pores. The surface porosity of the target sandstones mainly ranges from 7.90 to 10.79%, with an average value of 8.78%. The good correlation between porosity and permeability indicates that the target layer is a pore-type reservoir. The T2 relaxation time of the target layer is mainly distributed within 100 ms. Moreover, the reservoir of the Yan’an Formation has a high saturation of movable fluids, which is mainly distributed in 43.17–71.24%, with an average value of 56.90%. Meanwhile, samples with fractures have higher movable fluid saturations. In addition, the average irreducible water saturation of the Yan’an Formation sandstone reservoir is 35.14%, and the final oil displacement efficiency is 51.14% on average. There is a good positive correlation between the oil displacement efficiency and the co-permeability zone. As the co-permeability zone range increased from 15 to 55%, the oil displacement efficiency increased from 30 to 65%. When the cores develop fractures, they have characteristics of high permeability, high oil recovery rate, high oil displacement efficiency in the anhydrous period, low irreducible water saturation and low residual oil saturation.
Lymph node metastasis is not associated with survival in patients with clinical stage T4 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma undergoing definitive radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Zhu Liqiong , Zhao Zongxing , Liu Ao , Wang Xin , Geng Xiaotao , Nie Yu , Zhao Fen , Li Minghuan 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundClinical T4 stage (cT4) esophageal tumors are difficult to be surgically resected, and definitive radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) remains the main treatment. The study aims to analyze the association between the status of lymph node (LN) metastasis and survival outcomes in the cT4 stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients that underwent treatment with dCRT or RT.MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed the clinical data of 555 ESCC patients treated with dCRT or RT at the Shandong Cancer Hospital and the Liaocheng People’s Hospital from 2010 to 2017. Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses was performed to determine the relationship between LN metastasis and survival outcomes of cT4 and non-cT4 ESCC patients. The chi-square test was used to evaluate the differences in the local and distal recurrence patterns in the ESCC patients belonging to various clinical T stages.ResultsThe 3-year survival rates for patients with non-cT4 ESCC and cT4 ESCC were 47.9% and 30.8%, respectively. The overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were strongly associated with the status of LN metastasis in the entire cohort (all P &lt; 0.001) and the non-cT4 group (all P &lt; 0.001) but not in the cT4 group. The local recurrence rates were 60.7% for the cT4 ESCC patients and 45.1% for the non-cT4 ESCC patients (P &lt; 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that clinical N stage (P = 0.002), LN size (P = 0.007), and abdominal LN involvement (P = 0.011) were independent predictors of favorable OS in the non-cT4 group. However, clinical N stage (P = 0.824), LN size (P = 0.383), and abdominal LN involvement (P = 0.337) did not show any significant correlation with OS in the cT4 ESCC patients.ConclusionsOur data demonstrated that the status of LN metastasis did not correlate with OS in the cT4 ESCC patients that received dCRT or RT. Furthermore, the prevalence of local recurrence was higher in the cT4 ESCC patients.
Panoramic quality assessment tool for investigator initiated trials
Authors: Lv Wenwen , Hu Tingting , Jiang Jiayuan , Qu Tiantian , Shen Enlu , Duan Jiacheng , Miao Xin , Zhang Weituo , Qian Biyun 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesQuality can be a challenge for Investigator initiated trials (IITs) since these trials are scarcely overseen by a sponsor or monitoring team. Therefore, quality assessment for departments managing clinical research grants program is important and urgently needed. Our study aims at developing a handy quality assessment tool for IITs that can be applied by both departments and project teams.MethodsThe framework of the quality assessment tool was developed based on the literature studies, accepted guidelines and the Delphi method. A total of 272 ongoing IITs funded by Shanghai non-profit organizations in 2015 and 2016 were used to extract quality indexes. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to further evaluate the validity and feasibility of the conceptual quality assessment tool.ResultsThe tool consisted of 4 critical quality attributes, including progress, quality, regulation, scientificity, and 13 observed quality indexes. A total of 257 IITs were included in the validity and feasibility assessment. The majority (60.29%) were Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT), and 41.18% were multi-center studies. In order to test the validity and feasibility of IITs quality assessment tool, CFA showed that the model fit the data adequately. (CMIN/DF = 1.868, GFI = 0.916; CFI = 0.936; TLI = 0.919; RMSEA = 0.063; SRMR = 0.076). Different types of clinical studies fit well in the tool. However, RCT scored lower than prospective cohort and retrospective study in enrollment progress (7.02 vs. 7.43, 9.63, respectively).ConclusionThis study established a panoramic quality assessment tool based on the Delphi method and CFA, and the feasibility and effectiveness of the tool were verified through clinical research examples. The use of this tool can help project management departments effectively and dynamically manage research projects, rationally allocate resources, and ensure the quality of IITs.
Quality of life and sexual health after perineal reconstruction in Fournier gangrene using pedicled anterolateral thigh flaps
Authors: Rossi Severin Alexander , de Schoulepnikoff Camille , Guillier David , Raffoul Wassim , di Summa Pietro Giovanni 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesTo assess long-term sexual outcome and quality of life after perineal reconstruction by pedicled anterolateral thigh (ALT) flaps after Fournier's gangrene. Postoperative surgical outcomes were assessed; quality of life and sexual function were assessed at long term follow-up (&gt;12 months) with 2 scientifically validated questionnaires.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database. Long-term sexual function and quality of life were assessed by standardized questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were conducted.Results8 patients were included in our study, 5 patients responded to quality of life and sexual function analysis. Surgical outcomes were in line with literature: one minor complication (minor dehiscence requiring a skin graft), one major complication (flap loss, requiring a second, contralateral flap) occurred. No reconstructive failure occurred. Average time to complete wound healing was 17 days (SD ±5). Quality of life scores over 70/100 in four out of five categories; social function was rated lowest: patients reported very few residual complaints. Sexual outcome analysis emphasizes the positive impact of the reconstruction. As expected, Fournier's Gangrene heavily affected patient's sexual health.ConclusionsPerineal reconstruction with ALT shows excellent quality of life, and good sexual health outcomes. Currently the lack of reliable and relatable data leads to the impossibility to compare different reconstructive procedures. We emphasize that assessing sexual function and quality of life after perineal reconstruction is paramount to weigh reconstructive success.
An Assessment of Systemic Factors and COVID-19 Mortality in Africa
Authors: Owoyemi Ayomide , Balogun Tolulope , Okoro Joy , Ndoro Tariro , Fasominu Oluwakayode , Atanda Adejare , Abioye Ibraheem 
Published: September 2022

Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine the association between several country-level systemic indices and the deaths from COVID-19 across African countries.Method: Regression analyses were conducted to test the association between selected indices and deaths from COVID-19 across African countries. All tests were run at the α = 0.05 level of significance.Result: We found a statistically significant correlation between total COVID-19 deaths per million and Stringency Index (p-value &lt;0.001) and Human Development Index (p-value &lt;0.001). Multiple regression analysis showed that Stringency Index was the only variable that remained significant when other factors are controlled for in the model.Conclusion: Countries in Africa with poorer governance, inadequate pandemic preparedness and lower levels of development have unexpectedly fared better with respect to COVID-19 deaths mainly because of having a younger population than the countries with better indices.
Curcumin Stimulates the Overexpression of Virulence Factors in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium: In Vitro and Animal Model Studies
Authors: Zermeño-Ruiz Martin , Rangel-Castañeda Itzia A. , Suárez-Rico Daniel Osmar , Hernández-Hernández Leonardo , Cortés-Zárate Rafael , Hernández-Hernández José M. , Camargo-Hernández Gabriela , Castillo-Romero Araceli 
Published: September 2022

Salmonella spp. is one of the most common food poisoning pathogens and the main cause of diarrheal diseases in humans in developing countries. The increased Salmonella resistance to antimicrobials has led to the search for new alternatives, including natural compounds such as curcumin, which has already demonstrated a bactericidal effect; however, in Gram-negatives, there is much controversy about this effect, as it is highly variable. In this study, we aimed to verify the antibacterial activity of curcumin against the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium growth rate, virulence, and pathogenicity. The strain was exposed to 110, 220 or 330 µg/mL curcumin, and by complementary methods (spectrophotometric, pour plate and MTT assays), we determined its antibacterial activity. To elucidate whether curcumin regulates the expression of virulence genes, Salmonella invA, fliC and siiE genes were investigated by quantitative real-time reverse transcription (qRT-PCR). Furthermore, to explore the effect of curcumin on the pathogenesis process in vivo, a Caenorhabditis elegans infection model was employed. No antibacterial activity was observed, even at higher concentrations of curcumin. All concentrations of curcumin caused overgrowth (35–69%) and increased the pathogenicity of the bacterial strain through the overexpression of virulence factors. The latter coincided with a significant reduction in both the lifespan and survival time of C. elegans when fed with curcumin-treated bacteria. Our data provide relevant information that may support the selective antibacterial effects of curcumin to reconsider the indiscriminate use of this phytochemical, especially in outbreaks of pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria.
Characterization of a Near Full-Length Hepatitis E Virus Genome of Subtype 3c Generated from Naturally Infected South African Backyard Pigs
Authors: Chauhan Ravendra P. , Gordon Michelle L. 
Published: September 2022

Eight genotypes of the hepatitis E virus (Orthohepevirus A; HEV) designated HEV-1 to HEV-8 have been reported from various mammalian hosts. Notably, domestic pigs and wild boars are the natural reservoirs of HEV-3 and HEV-4 genotypes with zoonotic propensity. Since HEV infection in domestic pigs is usually subclinical, it may remain undetected, facilitating zoonotic spillover of HEV to the exposed human populations. A previous study from our group in 2021, using deep sequencing of a pooled saliva sample, generated various swine enteric virus genomes, including a near full-length swine HEV genome (7040 nt; 97.7% genome coverage) from five-month-old grower pigs at a backyard pig farm in the uMgungundlovu District, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. In the present study, we describe the further characterization, including genotyping and subtyping of the swine HEV isolate using phylogenetics and ‘HEVnet Typing Tool’. Our analyses confirmed that the South African swine HEV genome characterized in this study belonged to HEV genotype 3 subtype 3c (HEV-3c). While HEV-3c infections in domestic pigs have been previously reported from Brazil, Germany, Italy, and the Netherlands, they only generated partial genome sequences of open reading frame 1 (ORF1) and/or ORF2. To our knowledge, this is the first near full-length swine HEV-3c genome generated from naturally infected domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus) in South Africa. However, due to the gap in the information on the HEV-3c genome sequences in various geographical locations worldwide, including South Africa, the epidemiology of the South African swine HEV genome characterized in this study remains inconclusive. Molecular and genomic surveillance of HEV in domestic pig populations in South Africa would be useful to determine their prevalence, circulating subtypes, and zoonosis risk.