bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reducing the number of unnecessary biopsies of mammographic BI-RADS 4 lesions through a deep transfer learning method
Authors: Meng Mingzhu , Li Hong , Zhang Ming , He Guangyuan , Wang Long , Shen Dong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
In clinical practice, reducing unnecessary biopsies of BI-RADS 4 lesions of the mammogram is crucial. The objective of this study was to explore the potential value of deep transfer learning (DTL) based on the different fine-tuning strategies of Inception V3 to reduce the number of unnecessary biopsies of mammographic BI-RADS 4 lesions for residents.
Methods
A total of 1980 patients with breast lesions were included, including 1473 benign lesions (185 women with bilateral breast lesions), and 692 malignant lesions were collected and confirmed by clinical pathology or biopsy. The dataset of breast mammography images was randomly divided into three subsets: a training set, testing set, and validation set at a ratio of 8:1:1. We constructed a DTL model for the classification of breast lesions based on InceptionV3, and 11 fine-tuning strategies were attempted to improve the performance of the InceptionV3 model. Mammography images from 362 patients with BI-RADS 4 breast lesions were employed as validation set 2. All breast lesions in validation set 2 were pathologically confirmed. Two images from each lesion were tested and trials were categorized as correct if the judgement (≥ 1 image) was correct. We used precision (Pr), recall rate (Rc), f1 score (f1), and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) as the performance metrics of the DTL model on validation set 2.
Results
The S5 model was the best fit for the data. The Pr, Rc, \(f1\) and AUROC of S5 were 0.90, 0.90, 0.90, and 0.86, respectively, for Category 4. The proportions of downgraded lesions by S5 were 90.73%, 84.76%, and 80.19% for category 4A,4B,4C, respectively. The overall proportion of lesions downgraded by S5 was 85.91% in Category 4. There was no statistical difference between the classification results of the S5 model and pathological diagnosis (P = 0.110).
Conclusion
The S5 model we propose here can be used as an effective approach to reduce the number of unnecessary biopsies of mammographic BI-RADS 4 lesions for residents and have important clinical uses.
Sense of coherence moderates the relationship between perceived racial discrimination and oral health-related quality of life in scholars
Authors: Noronha Thaís Gioda , Knorst Jessica Klöckner , Godois Leonardo da Silva , Emmanuelli Bruno , Ardenghi Thiago Machado , Tomazoni Fernanda 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Evaluate the moderating effect of the SOC in the relationship between racial discrimination and OHRQoL in scholars.
Materials and Methods
This is a cross-sectional study nested in a cohort performed in southern Brazil. OHRQoL was assessed using the short version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire 11–14. The perception of racial discrimination was measured using a question contained in the Bullying Questionnaire by Olweus, and SOC through the shortened version of the 13-item Sense of Coherence Scale. Sociodemographic and dental caries characteristics were also collected. A simple slop test and Poisson regression analysis were performed to test the interaction effects of the predictors on OHRQoL. The results are presented in Rate Ratio and 95% confidence interval.
Results
A total of 429 scholars were included in this study. About 6.7% reported had perceived racial discrimination. The simple slope test indicated that the negative effects of racial discrimination on OHRQoL were significant under different SOC levels. Among scholars who suffered racial discrimination, those who had higher SOC reported lower impact on OHRQoL (RR 0.70; 95%CI 0.55–0.89) when compared to those with low SOC.
Conclusion
SOC can be considered a moderating variable in the relationship between racial discrimination and OHRQoL. These findings highlight the potential importance of the SOC in reducing the harmful effects of racial discrimination on OHRQoL.
Clinical Relevance:
It is important that we present ways to minimize the impacts of racial discrimination in order to reduce the effects of these acts on different oral health outcomes throughout life.
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube placement via the introducer technique is safe and effective in children when compared to the laparoscopic technique
Authors: Glithero Kyle J , Hey Matthew T , Calisto Juan L , Alkhoury Fuad , Malvezzi Leopoldo , Burnweit Cathy A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
PurposeWe compare our experience of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, introducer technique (PEG) and laparoscopic technique (LapGT) at a tertiary care pediatric hospital.MethodsIsolated PEGs and LapGTs placements were reviewed at our institution from August 2016 through January 2018. Demographics, procedure time, operative charges, and 30-day complications were reviewed. Means of quantitative values were compared using the student’s t test. Categorical values were compared using the X2 test.Results93 isolated gastrostomy tubes were placed in children aged 2 weeks to 19 years. There were 56 PEGs (60%) and 37 LapGTs (40%), based on surgeon preference. There was no significant difference in demographics between the two groups. Mean operative time for PEG was 59% shorter (14 vs. 33 minutes, p < 0.001). Operating room charges averaged $4,500 less in the PEG group ($11,400 vs. $15,900, p < 0.001). Neither group had complications that required a return to the operating room within 30 days postoperatively. There was no difference in the rate of fundoplication after gastrostomy tube placement. In two cases PEGs were converted to LapGTs after safety criteria for PEG were not met.ConclusionThe PEG introducer technique, when used with clearly defined safety criteria, decreased operative time and cost without compromising safety.Level of evidence: level III
Periodic Solutions for a Class of Differential Equations With Distributed Delay
Authors: WU XUAN , Xiao Huafeng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we study the existence of periodic solutions of the following differential delay system x'(t) = - f(∫10 x(t -s)ds), x ∈ RN where f ∈ C(RN, RN) and N ∈ N. We transform the existence of periodic solutions of the above system to that of periodic solutions with the special symmetry of an associated Hamiltonian system. Using the pseudo-index theory, we obtain some results about the number of periodic solutions, i.e. the discrepancies between the eigenvalues of asymptotic linear matrices at the origin and at infinity.
Quality Control Matters: Automated Magnetic Resonance Imaging-based Abdominal Organ Segmentation in 20,000 Participants of the UK Biobank and German National Cohort Studies.
Authors: Kart Turkay , Fischer Marc , Winzeck Stefan , Glocker Ben , Bai Wenjia , Bülow Robin , Emmel Carina , Friedrich Lena , Kauczor Hans-Ulrich , Keil Thomas , Kröncke Thomas , Mayer Philipp , Niendorf Thoralf , Peters Annette , Pischon Tobias , Schaarschmidt Benedikt , Schmidt Börge , Schulze Matthias , Umutlu Lale , Völzke Henry , Küstner Thomas , Bamberg Fabian , Schoelkopf Bernhard , Rückert Daniel , Gatidis Sergios 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Large epidemiological studies such as the UK Biobank (UKBB) or German National Cohort (NAKO) provide unprecedented health-related data of the general population aiming to better understand determinants of health and disease. As part of these studies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is performed in a subset of participants allowing for phenotypical and functional characterization of different organ systems. Due to the large amount of imaging data, automated image analysis is required, which can be performed using deep learning methods, e. g. for automated organ segmentation. In this paper we describe a computational pipeline for automated segmentation of abdominal organs on MRI data from 20,000 participants of UKBB and NAKO and provide results of the quality control process. We found that approx. 90% of data sets showed no relevant segmentation errors while relevant errors occurred in a varying proportion of data sets depending on the organ of interest. Image-derived features based on automated organ segmentations showed relevant deviations of varying degree in the presence of segmentation errors. These results show that large-scale, deep learning-based abdominal organ segmentation on MRI data is feasible with overall high accuracy, but visual quality control remains important ensuring the validity of down-stream analyses in large epidemiological imaging studies.
In-situ biosynthetic BC/zeolite hybrid hemostat for quick clot
Authors: Wang Yang , Li Zhuquan , Liao Shiqin , Kong Yan , Wang Qingqing , Wei Qufu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Zeolite-based hemostatic agents are considered as an outstanding material to achieve rapid and definitive hemostasis in pre-hospital management. However, developing a safer zeolitic hemostat that avoids the potential thrombotic risk caused by tiny zeolites residue in bleeding wounds remains a critical challenge. In this research, mesoporous zeolite particles are firmly embedded into bacterial cellulose nanofibrous aerogels (termed BC/zeolite NFAs) via an economical and eco-friendly in-situ biosynthetic process. After calcium ion exchange process, the BC/zeolite-Ca NFAs display efficient hemostatic properties due to their inherent high absorbency and procoagulant activity. In vitro hemostatic experiments indicate that the BC/zeolite-Ca NFAs can rapidly initiate and propagate the coagulation cascade to promote blood clot formation. Significantly, the blood clotting time is decreased from 7.5 ± 0.3 min to 2.2 ± 0.3 min when employing the BC/zeolite-Ca NFAs. This work demonstrates that the in-situ biosynthesized BC- and zeolite-based hemostats have potential applications in pre-hospital hemostasis management.
Study on Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Bedding Shale Under Impact Load
Authors: Cheng Hongmei , Feng Yunhu , Xiao Guangming , Zhang Xiangqi , Chen Heng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In the actual mining process of shale gas, the loads and disturbances imposed on shale by man-made activities are a dynamic process. Therefore, the study of the dynamic constitutive theory of bedding shale under impact load has important theoretical value for the study of fracturing reformation of shale reservoirs and shale gas production. The objective is to explore the dynamic mechanical properties and fracture characteristics of shale with different bedding dip angles under medium and high strain rate loading. The split Hopkinson bar (SHPB) is used to conduct rock dynamic tests on shales with bedding dip angle of 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°. Based on fractal theory, we calculate the relationship between fractal dimension and broken fragments. The results show that the compressive strength and elastic modulus of shale change slowly when loaded at low strain rate, but when loaded at high strain rate, its compressive strength and elastic modulus increase significantly. The failure mode of shale is also transitioned from splitting failure at low strain rate to shear failure at high strain rate. Under high strain rate loading, the impact of loading rate on the dynamic mechanical properties of shale is greater than that of bedding dip. The mechanical behavior of shale under dynamic load is of great significance to the safe exploitation of shale gas and other resources.
WSMP: A Warp Scheduling Strategy Based on MFQ and PPF
Authors: Fang Juan , Zhao Li’ang , Cai Min , Yang Huijing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Normally, threads in a warp do not severely interfere with each other. However, the scheduler must wait until all the threads within complete before scheduling the next warp, resulting in memory divergence. The crux of the problem is scheduling the warp in a more reasonable order. Therefore, we propose a new warp scheduling strategy based on Multi-level Feedback Queue (MFQ) and Perceptron-Based Prefetch Filtering (PPF) called WSMP, where all the warps are sorted beforehand according to the latency tolerance of the warps and pushed into a certain queue in MFQ. We also remold PPF to enhance the modified underlying prefetcher. We are able to strike a balance between cache hit rate and prefetch coverage then. We verify its feasibility by GPGPU-Sim, along with exclusive GPGPU work-load. The results show that compared with baseline, WSMP improves IPC by 27.44% and reduces L2 cache miss rate by 8.53% on average.
Technology and clinician-learner interaction: How is the introduction of a new electronic health record expected to affect educational practice?
Authors: Caon Julianna , Eva Kevin W 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
IntroductionElectronic health records (EHRs) are increasingly common platforms used in medical settings to capture and store patient information, but very little has been published about how EHR implementation affects educational practice from the point of view of clinician-learner interactions. This research sought to examine how EHR implementation is anticipated to affect clinician-learner interactions and, in turn, impact upon educational priorities and outcomes. MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with a group of practicing oncologists who work in outpatient clinics while also providing education to medical student and resident trainees. Data regarding perceived impact on the teaching dynamic between clinicians and learners were collected prior to implementation of an EHR. ResultsPhysician educators expected EHR implementation to influence the learning they themselves normally gain through teaching interactions as well as their engagement in teaching. Additionally, EHR implementation was expected to influence learners by changing what is taught, what is modelled, and their role in both clinical care and the educational dynamic. ConclusionUnderstanding the concerns clinicians have about EHR implementation both offers potential to enable changes to be made that could minimize disruptions caused by implementation and provides a foundation from which to assess actual educational impacts.
Impact of SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B cells on the immune response after mRNA-based Comirnaty vaccine in seronegative health care workers
Authors: Vallejo Alejandro , Vizcarra Pilar , Martín-Hondarza Adrián , Gómez-Maldonado Sandra , Haemmerle Johannes , Velasco Héctor , Casado José L. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To analyze the impact of SARS-COV-2-specific memory B cells (MBC) on the immune response after two doses of mRNA-based Comirnaty COVID-19 vaccine in seronegative health care workers. This study is seeking a rationale for boosting vaccines.
Methods
Longitudinal study including 31 seronegative health care workers with undetectable MBCs (IgG-MBC- group), 24 seronegative with detectable MBCs (IgG-MBC + group), and 24 seropositive with detectable MBCs (IgG + MBC + group). The level of neutralizing, anti-S IgG, IgA, and IgM antibodies was quantified by ELISA. In addition, specific memory B and T cells were quantified by flow cytometry.
Results
The level of specific MBCs, and isotypes, in the IgG-MBC- group was lower compared to that found in IgG-MBC+ (p = 0.0001) and IgG + MBC+ (p < 0.0001) groups, respectively. Neutralizing and anti-S IgG antibodies were at lower levels in the IgG-MBC- group after the vaccine. Specific MBCs directly correlated with specific CD4 + T cells (although not significant, p = 0.065), while no correlation was found with specific CD8 + T cells (p = 0.156) after the vaccine. In parallel, neutralizing antibodies only positively correlated with specific CD4 + T cells (p = 0.034).
Conclusions
IgG-MBC- individuals showed the worst humoral and cellular responses, both in frequency and magnitude, after vaccine. Individuals whose antibodies wane and become undetectable after a given period of time post vaccine and show no specific MBCs are less protected and hence are good candidates for boosting vaccine. On the other hand, seronegative individuals with specific MBC showed faster and higher responses compared to the IgG-MBC- group.
Preferentially Expressed Antigen in Melanoma (PRAME) Expression Utility in Distinguishing Desmoplastic and Spindle Cell Melanomas from Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors
Authors: Hall Katie , Torrko Kathleen , Santiago Teresa , Clay Michael , Wisell Joshua 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Spindle cell and desmoplastic melanoma (DM) are uncommon melanoma subtypes; both are composed of elongated “spindled cells” but differ from one another based on the extent of desmoplastic stroma separating individual tumor cells. These can be challenging lesions that often have absent or decreased staining for melanocyte specific markers and may resemble other tumors with spindle cell morphology and a similar immunohistochemical (IHC) staining profile, in particular malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs). We evaluated IHC expression of PRAME (Preferentially Expressed Antigen in Melanoma) in 41 DMs, 14 spindle cell melanomas, and 26 MPNSTs. PRAME expression was found in 68% of DM, 71% of spindle cell melanomas, and 84% of MPNSTs. However, when extent and intensity of expression are considered, significant differences emerge. The median H-score for all melanomas was 167.5 (range, 20 to 270) and 80 (range, 20 to 275) for all MPNSTs. Spindle cell melanoma, which often has the closest histologic appearance to MPNST, demonstrated the highest median H-score of 215 (range, 55 to 270). Furthermore, a strong and diffuse staining pattern was identified in 53% of all melanomas and 80% of spindle cell melanomas compared to strong, diffuse staining found in 29% of all MPNSTs and only 17% of MPNSTs with intact H3K27me3 expression.
Nidogen-1 Could Play a Role in Diabetic Kidney Disease Development: A Genome Wide Association Meta-analysis
Authors: Khattab Ahmed , Torkamani Ali 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background:Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) affects about 40% of patients with diabetes. It is uncurable and usually lead to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The pathogenesis of DKD is still not fully understood and the genetics of DKD have not yet been extensively studied.In this study we investigate the genetic basis of DKD in type 2 diabetes (T2D) to provide more insights into the pathogenesis of the disease.Results:Using the data provided by the UK Biobank (UKBB), we performed a DKD genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 13,123 individuals with T2D as well as two creatinine estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) GWA studies; one in 28,136 individuals with T2D and the other in 339,080 non-diabetic individuals. We also conducted a DKD GWAS meta-analysis combining our results with those published by the SUMMIT consortium.We confirm two loci previously reported to be associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and eGFR in T2D. The UMOD-PDILT locus is associated with DKD (P = 1.08E-09) as well as creatinine eGFR in both people with T2D (P = 5.35E-15) and people without diabetes (P = 2.06E-72). The PRKAG2 locus is associated with creatinine eGFR in people with (P = 6.22E-10) and without (P = 2.61E-72) T2D. Our meta-analysis reveals a novel association between DKD and variant rs72763500 (chr1:236116561) which is a splicing quantitative trait locus (sQTL) for nidogen-1 (NID1) gene.Conclusion:Our data confirms two loci previously reported in association with CKD and creatinine eGFR in T2D. It also suggests that NID1, a major component of the renal tubular basement membrane, could play a role in DKD development in T2D. While our NID1 finding remains to be replicated, it is a step towards a more comprehensive understanding of DKD pathogenesis.
Residual Risks of Comorbidities after Parathyroidectomy in a Nationwide Cohort of Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Kong Sung Hye , Kim Jung Hee , Park Man Young , Kim Sang Wan , Shin Chan Soo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common endocrine disorder with increasing incidence, while epidemiologic data in Asian population has been lacking. Therefore, we aimed to identify the incidence, prognosis, and prognostic factors of PHPT patients who underwent parathyroidectomy in Korea. Methods: In this retrospective nationwide cohort, patients with PHPT were defined as those with diagnostic codes of PHPT and procedural codes for parathyroidectomy, excluding chronic renal failure or secondary hyperparathyroidism based on National Health Insurance Services database in Korea in 2002-2018. Main primary outcomes were all-cause mortality, cardiovascular, and cerebrovascular events. Results: A total of 5,561 patients were diagnosed with PHPT and had parathyroidectomy. The mean age was 54.5 years, and 71.8% were women. The age-standardized incidence was 10.1/ 100,000 person-year in 2018, rising from 1.7/100,000 person-year in 2002. During a mean of 5.9 years, history of cardiovascular disease, mood disorder, and genitourinary stone had increased risks of mortality with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.59 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10-2.29), 1.43 (CI 1.14-1.80), and 1.40 (CI 1.09-1.80), respectively. History of hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and mood disorder were risk factors for cardiovascular events with HRs of 1.42 (CI 1.22-1.66), 1.29 (CI 1.05-1.58), 1.22 (CI 1.07-1.40), and 1.14 (CI 1.00-1.29), respectively. Mood disorder was a significant risk factor for cerebrovascular events (HR 1.30, CI 1.11-1.52). Conclusion: The incidence of PHPT patients who underwent parathyroidectomy has been rising in Korea as reported in other countries. Patients with complications, especially mood disorder, had increased cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events and mortality risks.
Effect of Target Detection on Recognition
Authors: Dong Yueqing , Meng Yingfang , Ye Zetong , Tang Yajun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
To explore whether the effect of target detection on memory retrieval is associated with confounding factors and the internal cognitive mechanism and determine whether this difference originates from target detection or distraction inhibition, we conducted three experiments. In Experiment 1, we used target and distractor stimuli with meaningless stimuli and added the full attention (FA) condition as a baseline to compare with the distraction condition. The results showed that the correct identification of old words was significantly higher in target than in distractor trials. By contrast, the correct rejection rate of new words was significantly lower in target than in distractor trials. The correct identification rate of old words in distractor trials was significantly lower than the FA condition, as was the correct rejection rate of new words in target trials. In Experiment 2, the ratio of new to old words in the recognition task was adjusted to 1:1 to eliminate any reaction tendency related to the high ratio of old words. Finally, in Experiment 3, the word presentation time was extended to 1,500 ms or 3,000 ms (depending on the condition) to eliminate the risk of rapid processing in Experiment 1. In both cases, the results from Experiment 1 were replicated. This replication shows that the influence of target detection on recognition comes from both target detection and distraction rejection. Target detection influence on recognition may be due to yoking between the dual tasks.