bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different clinical characteristics between recurrent and non-recurrent acute pancreatitis
Authors: Song Kun , Guo Cuirong , He Liudang , Li Changluo , Ding Ning 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common digestive disorder with different clinical outcomes, some of which develop into recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP). This study aimed to explore the differences between AP and RAP.

Methods:
All patients with AP admitted to Changsha Central Hospital between January 2015 and December 2020 were included. Characteristics between RAP and non-RAP groups were compared. Independent factors associated with RAP were identified by multivariate logistic regression analyses.

Results:
This was a retrospective study. A total of 1567 patients, including 262 patients in the RAP group and 1305 patients in the non-RAP group, were enrolled. Compared to the non-RAP group, results indicated that the RAP group was younger (P < 0.001), had a male predominance (P < 0.001), and had higher incidences of diabetes (P < 0.001) and hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) (P < 0.001). Lower incidences of cholelithiasis (P < 0.001) and acute liver injury (P < 0.001) were also noted in the RAP group. Scores of Ranson, BISAP, SOFA, and APACHE II were significantly higher in the non-RAP group (P < 0.001 for all). Three independent factors associated with RAP, including male gender (P = 0.006), diabetes (P < 0.001), and HTG (P < 0.001), were identified by multivariate logistic regression.

Conclusion:
Compared to the non-RAP, the incidence of cholelithiasis and acute liver injury was lower in RAP. Three independent factors associated with RAP, namely male, diabetes, and HTG, were identified.
“Does Adwa have a Colonial Legacy? Assessing the viability of the Colonial Thesis for Understanding Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century Ethiopia”
Authors: Brian J. Yates  
Published: March 2022

For many, the Ethiopian victory at Adwa was an African victory over European colonialism, but some scholars have reimagined the triumph as an example of African colonialism in recent years. This view culminates in the colonial thesis. This colonial thesis casts Menilek II of Shäwa (r.1888-1913) as a colonizer of Southern groups in present-day Ethiopia and posits his state as a foreign colonial power. This view is one of the theoretical underpinnings of the present Ethiopian ethnic federalism and many ethnolinguistic nationalist movements. One of the ways that it impacts identities, as the Ethiopian scholar Maimire Mennasemay puts it, “. . . ontologizes ethnic identity and falsely represents Ethiopia as a collection of discrete, ethnic communities, brought together by ‘Amhara colonialism.’” The scholar Mahmoud Mamdani builds on this view by arguing that transforming identities (politicizing nativity) was essential in governing colonial empires. In other words, the colonial government invented settlers and natives in their territories and treated them accordingly. In essence, this essay details the identities that were produced as a result of Ethiopia’s victory at Adwa and argues that while oppression accompanied the conquest of territories North, East, West, and South of Menilek’s native Shäwan province, Menilek’s government did not produce identities to make power exclusive for one group as displayed at both the participation at the battle and in the administration that the victory preserved.
Mirror symmetry for Nahm branes
Authors: Franco Emilio , Jardim Marcos 
Published: March 2022

The Dirac--Higgs bundle is a hyperholomorphic bundle over the moduli space of stable Higgs bundles of coprime rank and degree. We provide an algebraic generalization to the case of trivial degree and the rank higher than $1$. This allow us to generalize to this case the Nahm transform defined by Frejlich and the second named author, which, out of a stable Higgs bundle, produces a vector bundle with connection over the moduli space of rank 1 Higgs bundles. By performing the higher rank Nahm transform we obtain a hyperholomorphic bundle with connection over the moduli space of stable Higgs bundles of rank $n$ and degree 0, twisted by the gerbe of liftings of the projective universal bundle. Such hyperholomorphic vector bundles over the moduli space of stable Higgs bundles can be seen, in the physicist's language, as BBB-branes twisted by the above mentioned gerbe. We refer to these objects as Nahm branes. Finally, we study the behaviour of Nahm branes under Fourier--Mukai transform over the smooth locus of the Hitchin fibration, checking that the resulting objects are supported on a Lagrangian multisection of the Hitchin fibration, so they describe partial data of BAA-branes.Comment: 29 pages. Final version
Indicaciones de manejo quirúrgico en pacientes con Linfoma No Hodgkin primario de colon. Reporte de dos casos y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Figueroa Bohórquez David Mauricio 
Published: March 2022

Introducción: el linfoma primario de colon corresponde a menos del 1% de todas las neoplasias colorectales, siendo el colon derecho el segmento más frecuentemente afectado. La variante B difusa de células grandes es el tipo histológico más frecuente.
Objetivo: Describir los casos de dos pacientes con linfoma primario de colon, así como hacer una revisión de la bibliografía disponible, haciendo énfasis en el abordaje diagnóstico y en las indicaciones de manejo quirúrgico de los linfomas primarios de colon.
Pacientes y métodos: se presentan los casos de dos pacientes de 38 y 62 años con linfoma primario de colon. Uno de ellos requirió manejo quirúrgico de urgencia, mientras que el otro presentó manifestaciones clínicas durante varias semanas, lo que permitió un seguimiento por la consulta externa. Ambos pacientes fueron manejados con resección quirúrgica y quimioterapia postoperatoria.
Resultados: el 70% de los linfomas primarios de colon se presentan en el colon derecho. Su presentación en colon descendente y recto se asocia con un peor pronóstico. La inmunosupresión y la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal se consideran los factores de riesgo más importantes en el desarrollo de linfomas primarios de colon. Los síntomas más frecuentes de presentación son dolor, masa abdominal, pérdida de peso y sangrado digestivo. El abordaje terapéutico que ha demostrado mejores resultados es la combinación entre resección quirúrgica y quimioterapia postoperatoria, en aquellos pacientes que se consideren con lesiones resecables.
Conclusiones: el linfoma primario de colon es una entidad poco frecuente y que requiere un abordaje multidisciplinario. En pacientes que no debutan con urgencia quirúrgica, la tomografía abdominal y el PET-CT, brindan información valiosa para definir la viabilidad y la extensión del manejo, que se recomienda debe ser complementado con quimioterapia postoperatoria.
Road traffic accident trauma: A model for road safety management utilizing the artificial intelligence with geo-mapping and geospatial data in Pakistan
Authors: Syed Muhammad Hammad Ali  , Naayl Aasim  , Asim Malik  
Published: March 2022

Trauma from road traffic accidents (RTA) is the leading cause of mortality among children and adults up to the age of thirty. Currently, almost one and a half million annual deaths are attributed to RTA trauma with over 90% of the deaths being reported from low- and middle-income countries.1 In Pakistan, almost 26,000 casualties from 50,283 RTAs have been registered in the past five years, however a much larger number was reported by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2016, which estimated 14.3 annual deaths per 100,000 population.2,3 Seemingly, a higher number of mortality from RTAs in the developing countries can be attributed to factors such as lack of adherence towards traffic rules, violation of speed limits, vehicular overloading, low-quality vehicles with less safety features, increased traffic density due to abundance of motorcycles, and inadequate post-accident trauma care. In addition to this, faulty road infrastructure and poor road designs including the malfunctioning signals, crossings, turns, intersections and curves are a frequent cause of recurring RTA mishaps at particular locations. Therefore, road safety management is becoming a global concern with the ever-growing population, increasing number of motor vehicles and vulnerable road users. The WHO’s estimated cost of RTAs in low- and middle-income countries is around 3% of the gross domestic product which is alarming for the authorities.1 Also, the burden of RTA trauma on the healthcare system of Pakistan is enormous, which is struggling with myriad of issues.
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Арт педагогикаси воситасида мактабгача таълим ташкилоти болалари ижодкорлигини ривожлантириш
Authors: Мирзаева Дилфуза 
Published: March 2022

Аннотация
Ушбу мақолада болаларни илк ёшданоқ ижодий қобилиятларини ривожлантириш мактабгача таълим сифатини оширишнинг замонавий ёндашувларидан бири сифатида қайд этилган. Арт педагогикаси воситасида мактабгача таълим ташкилоти болалари ижодкорлигини ривожлантириш педагогик муаммо сифатида тавсифланиб, ижодий қобилиятларни ривожлантиришда замонавий педагогик технологияларнинг ўрни очиб берилган.
Бунда интеллектуал зўриқишлардан холи равишда, ижтимоий-маданий муҳитда болаларнинг ижодий қобилиятларини ривожлантириш, улардаги ижодий фаоллик ва ташаббускорлик кўникмаларини такомиллаштиришнинг самарали технологияларини амалиётга жорий этиш долзарб вазифа сифатида белгилаб берилган. Арт педагогика бадиий ва эстетик, инсонпарварлик, билим, ахлоқий қадриятларни ўз ичига олади ва шахснинг ахлоқий ва маънавий шаклланишига таъсир қилади. Мақолада ривожланишида нуқсони бўлган болаларни даволаш ва тузатишда санъатдан фойдаланиш масалалари ҳам ёритилган.
Continental-scale contributions to the global CFC-11 emission increase between 2012 and 2017
Authors: Hu Lei , Montzka Stephen A. , Moore Fred , Hintsa Eric , Dutton Geoff , Siso M. Carolina , Thoning Kirk , Portmann Robert W. , McKain Kathryn , Sweeney Colm , Vimont Isaac , Nance David , Hall Bradley , Wofsy Steven 
Published: March 2022

Abstract. The detection of increasing global CFC-11 emissions after 2012
alerted society to a possible violation of the Montreal Protocol on
Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (MP). This alert resulted in parties
to the MP taking urgent actions. As a result, atmospheric measurements made
in 2019 suggest a sharp decline in global CFC-11 emissions. Despite the
success in the detection and mitigation of part of this problem, regions
fully responsible for the recent global emission changes in CFC-11 have not
yet been identified. Roughly two thirds (60 ± 40 %) of the emission
increase between 2008–2012 and 2014–2017 and two thirds (60 ± 30 %) of the decline between 2014–2017 and 2019 were explained by regional
emission changes in eastern mainland China. Here, we used atmospheric CFC-11
measurements made from two global aircraft surveys – the HIAPER (High-performance Instrumented Airborne Platform for Environmental Research) Pole-to-Pole
Observations (HIPPO) in November 2009–September 2011 and the Atmospheric
Tomography Mission (ATom) in August 2016–May 2018, in combination with
the global CFC-11 measurements made by the US National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration during these two periods – to derive global and
regional emission changes in CFC-11. Our results suggest Asia accounted for
the largest fractions of global CFC-11 emissions in both periods: 43 (37–52) % during November 2009–September 2011 and 57 (49–62) %
during August 2016–May 2018. Asia was also primarily responsible for the
emission increase between these two periods, accounting for 86 (59–115) % of the global CFC-11 emission rise between the two periods. Besides
eastern mainland China, temperate western Asia and tropical Asia also
contributed significantly to global CFC-11 emissions during both periods and
likely to the global CFC-11 emission increase. The atmospheric observations
further provide strong constraints on CFC-11 emissions from North America
and Europe, suggesting that each of them accounted for 10 %–15 % of
global CFC-11 emissions during the HIPPO period and smaller fractions in the
ATom period. For South America, Africa, and Australia, the derived regional
emissions had larger dependence on the prior assumptions of emissions and
emission changes due to a lower sensitivity of the observations considered
here to emissions from these regions. However, significant increases in
CFC-11 emissions from southern hemispheric lands were not likely due to the
observed increase of north-to-south interhemispheric gradients in
atmospheric CFC-11 mole fractions from 2012–2017.
Relative importance of high-latitude local and long-range-transported dust for Arctic ice-nucleating particles and impacts on Arctic mixed-phase clouds
Authors: Shi Yang , Liu Xiaohong , Wu Mingxuan , Zhao Xi , Ke Ziming , Brown Hunter 
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Dust particles, serving as ice-nucleating particles (INPs), may
impact the Arctic surface energy budget and regional climate by modulating
the mixed-phase cloud properties and lifetime. In addition to long-range
transport from low-latitude deserts, dust particles in the Arctic can
originate from local sources. However, the importance of high-latitude dust
(HLD) as a source of Arctic INPs (compared to low-latitude dust, LLD) and
its effects on Arctic mixed-phase clouds are overlooked. In this study, we
evaluate the contribution to Arctic dust loading and INP population from HLD and six LLD source regions by implementing a source-tagging technique for dust aerosols in version 1 of the US Department of Energy's Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SMv1). Our results show that HLD is responsible for 30.7 % of the total dust burden in the Arctic, whereas LLD from Asia and North Africa contributes 44.2 % and 24.2 %, respectively. Due to its limited vertical transport as a result of stable boundary layers, HLD contributes more in the lower troposphere, especially in boreal summer and autumn when the HLD emissions are stronger. LLD from North Africa and East Asia dominates the dust loading in the upper troposphere with peak contributions in boreal spring and winter. The modeled INP concentrations show better agreement with both ground and aircraft INP measurements in the Arctic when including HLD INPs. The HLD INPs are found to induce a net cooling effect (−0.24 W m−2 above 60∘ N) on the Arctic surface downwelling radiative flux by changing the cloud phase of the Arctic mixed-phase clouds. The magnitude of this cooling is larger than that induced by North African and East Asian dust (0.08 and −0.06 W m−2, respectively), mainly due to different seasonalities of HLD and LLD. Uncertainties of this study are discussed, which highlights the importance of further constraining the HLD emissions.
Impact of dust addition on the microbial food web under present and future conditions of pH and temperature
Authors: Dinasquet Julie , Bigeard Estelle , Gazeau Frédéric , Azam Farooq , Guieu Cécile , Marañón Emilio , Ridame Céline , Van Wambeke France , Obernosterer Ingrid , Baudoux Anne-Claire 
Published: March 2022

Abstract. In the oligotrophic waters of the Mediterranean Sea, during the
stratification period, the microbial loop relies on pulsed inputs of
nutrients through the atmospheric deposition of aerosols from both natural
(e.g., Saharan dust), anthropogenic, or mixed origins. While the influence of dust deposition on microbial processes and community composition is still not fully constrained, the extent to which future environmental conditions will affect dust inputs and the microbial response is not known. The impact of atmospheric wet dust deposition was studied both under present and future environmental conditions (+3 ∘C warming and acidification of −0.3 pH units), through experiments in 300 L climate reactors. In total, three Saharan dust addition experiments were performed with surface seawater collected
from the Tyrrhenian Sea, Ionian Sea, and Algerian basin in the western
Mediterranean Sea during the PEACETIME (ProcEss studies at the Air–sEa Interface after dust deposition in the MEditerranean sea) cruise in May–June 2017. Top-down
controls on bacteria, viral processes, and community, as well as microbial
community structure (16S and 18S rDNA amplicon sequencing), were followed
over the 3–4 d experiments. Different microbial and viral responses to
dust were observed rapidly after addition and were, most of the time, more
pronounced when combined with future environmental conditions. The dust input of nutrients and trace metals changed the microbial ecosystem from a bottom-up limited to a top-down controlled bacterial community, likely from grazing and induced lysogeny. The relative abundance of mixotrophic microeukaryotes and phototrophic prokaryotes also increased. Overall, these results suggest that the effect of dust deposition on the microbial loop is dependent on the initial microbial assemblage and metabolic state of the tested water and that predicted warming and acidification will intensify these responses, affecting food web processes and biogeochemical cycles.
Treatment of drinking water in Jeberona camp with Cholorine
Authors: Najah al-Rifai A. Abd al-Hadi 
Published: March 2022

Treatment of drinking water in Jeberona camp with Cholorine
The results of study indicated that the optimum concentrations of chlorine which was added to drinking water in all types of containers of water collection from all wells in Jeberona camp ranged between 1.8 and 3.8 mg / L
Morality as Cure and Poison in Nietzsche's Genealogy
Authors: Dunkle Ian D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Nietzsche argues in the Genealogy of Morality (GM) that key aspects of modern European morality arose as “cures” for widespread human sickness but are ultimately making us sicker (“poisoning” us). This article provides a systematic overview of how Nietzsche believes morality has functioned as a cure and poison for European humanity. Drawing on my own previous work on Nietzsche's concept of health, I sketch an overview of the (1) sickness(es), (2) treatments, and (3) pathogeneses discussed in each of the three treatises in terms of a single (and plausible) concept of health. The result is a systematic interpretive overview of the core polemical argument in GM.
Táticas de autoproteção ou trapaças na ordem normativa
Authors: Pereira Marlyson , Pelúcio Larissa 
Published: March 2022

Neste artigo, partimos de entrevistas com cinco mulheres trans que chegaram a diferentes estágios do ensino superior, interrogando-nos como enfrentaram os anos de educação básica, estágio imprescindível para que chegassem à Universidade, em uma sociedade na qual ainda são poucas as pessoas trans que conseguem se escolarizar e mesmo sobreviver. A partir dos aportes de Michel de Certeau (1994) de pensar os fazeres ordinários como agenciamentos inventivos, acionamos as trapaças à ordem normativa e a camuflagem como táticas criativas que as permitiu se moverem no ambiente da escola. A família apareceu nos relatos colhidos como lócus de acolhida e espaço de reelaboração de si, a partir do apoio dado aos processos de transição de gênero, além de suporte material e simbólico para a permanência das entrevistadas na escola.
A qualitative exploration of the factors which influence rural nursing and midwifery placement experience: Benefits and challenges identified by students and health service staff
Authors: Walker Clara , Forbes Roma , Osborn Dayle , Lewis Peter A , Turner Emma , Beyer Kate 
Published: March 2022

Background: Positive rural clinical experiences strongly correlate with future rural health career intention. It is therefore important to understand the factors which contribute to positive rural clinical placement experiences. Aims: To understand the benefits and challenges of rural nursing and midwifery placements for students, and to explore factors which influence positive clinical placement experiences. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were undertaken to explore the experiences and perspectives of nursing and midwifery students (n=17) and staff working at health services where students are placed (n=36). Data were subject to thematic analysis. Results: Five themes were identified: variety of experiences in a rural health context; supervision and support; engaging with a rural community; placement type and duration influence on rural placement experience; and inspiring, reaffirming or challenging future rural career intentions. Conclusion: This study reiterates the importance of ensuring that students are actively engaged and supported during rural clinical placements to encourage students to consider future rural career pathways. The findings highlight the important role of education providers and health services in supporting student placement experiences to enable positive rural career intentions.
Reati culturalmente motivati in Brasile: il caso di stupro-non stupro presso gli indios Guaranì (con riflessioni sui matrimoni precoci Rom)
Authors: Ruggiu Ilenia 
Published: March 2022

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa - 2. Il caso - 3. L’iter processuale e gli argomenti. Materialità del fatto ed ermeneutica antropologica - 4. Un nuovo tassello nella cultural expertise: lo strumento della “audizione etnica” (escuta étnica) - 5. Il pluralismo giuridico dialogico e l’affidamento della sanzione alla comunità guaranì - 6. Il ruolo del giudice di fronte a pratiche culturali patriarcali - 7. Dal Brasile all’Europa: spunti di riflessione sui rapporti sessuali di infra-quattordicenni nel matrimonio rom e nella cultura italiana.
Culturally motivated crimes in Brazil: the case of rape/non-rape among the Guaranì Indians (with remarks on Roma early marriages) *
ABSTRACT: This article describes a culturally motivated crime that came to the attention of a Brazilian court: sexual intercourse with a girl under the age of fourteen in a Guaranì group, indios from the Mata Atlantica. The judge acquitted the accused taking into account the fact that in the Guaranì society a woman becomes an adult with menarche and that sexual initiation is widespread in this culture. The accused had violated the protocol of this initiation, for which he will be sanctioned according to the norms of Guaranì law. The Brazilian case allows for a series of observations on the debate on Roma early marriages that is taking place in Europe, and on the different treatment between sex acts in this context and sex acts between minors under fourteen years old and other teenagers in the majority cultures of Europe.