bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tracking Repeat Victimisation After Domestic Abuse Cases Are Heard With and Without Independent Domestic Violence Advisors (IDVAs) in an English Magistrate’s Court
Authors: Ross John , Sebire Jaqueline , Strang Heather 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Research Question
Do cases heard in a specialist domestic abuse (SDA) court on days when Independent Domestic Violence Advisors (IDVAs) are present to engage with victims, compared to cases heard on days when no IDVAs are present, result in more convictions, or less frequency or severity of repeat victimisation?

Data
This analysis included all 559 trials in one SDA court from June 2016 to December 2018, including 514 unique victims. IDVAs were present on the starting day of 84% of the trials, leaving 16% (90) cases to start on days when no IDVAs were present.

Methods
The treatment and comparison cases were compared for similarity of 23 characteristics, with only one difference of over 20%. The analysis proceeded as appropriate for a Level 4 (Sherman et al., Preventing crime: What works, what doesn’t, what’s promising: A report to the United States Congress, National Institute of Justice, 1997) quasi-experimental comparison between the treatment and comparison cases.

Findings
IPA trials in the IDVA treatment group were 12% less likely than those in the comparison group to result in a conviction (RR=0.88, 95% CI 0.74-1.05). Trials in the IDVA treatment group had a 96% higher risk of being followed by a repeat domestic abuse incident in the 18 months after trial than trials in the no-IDVA comparison group (RR = 1.96, 95% CI 1.19–3.23). Treatment group victims experienced a mean harm score for repeat victimisation in the 18 months post-trial eight times higher than the comparison group (80 compared with ten).

Conclusions
The provision of Independent Domestic Violence Advisors in a specialist domestic abuse court was clearly correlated with higher rates of repeat victimisation, as well as higher levels of harm in repeat offences and lower rates of conviction. This correlation could well be causal, but only a randomised controlled trial can rule out that possibility.
Geophysical Inversion Using a Variational Autoencoder to Model an Assembled Spatial Prior Uncertainty
Authors: Lopez‐Alvis J. , Nguyen F. , Looms M. C. , Hermans T. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPrior information regarding subsurface spatial patterns may be used in geophysical inversion to obtain realistic subsurface models. Field experiments require prior information with sufficiently diverse patterns to accurately estimate the spatial distribution of geophysical properties in the sensed subsurface domain. A variational autoencoder (VAE) provides a way to assemble all patterns deemed possible in a single prior distribution. Such patterns may include those defined by different base training images and also their perturbed versions, for example, those resulting from geologically consistent operations such as erosion/dilation, local deformation, and intrafacies variability. Once the VAE is trained, inversion may be done in the latent space which ensures that inverted models have the patterns defined by the assembled prior. Gradient‐based inversion with both a synthetic and a field case of cross‐borehole GPR traveltime data shows that using the VAE assembled prior performs as good as using the VAE trained on the pattern with the best fit, but it has the advantage of lower computation cost and more realistic prior uncertainty. Moreover, the synthetic case shows an adequate estimation of most small‐scale structures. The absolute values of wave velocity are computed by assuming a linear mixing model which involves two additional parameters that effectively shift and scale velocity values and are included in the inversion.
Single Waveguide Feed Omnidirectional and Circularly Polarized Transceiver Waveguide Slot Antenna for Satellite Communication Applications
Authors: Turkmen C. , Alkin E. , Secmen M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this study, an omnidirectional and circularly polarized transceiver antenna, which can be used in simultaneous operations over transmit (TX) and receive (RX) channels for telemetry, tracking, and command (TTC) applications on the space segment of satellite communication, is proposed. The radiation and feed parts of the antenna consist of waveguide structures for high power necessity in transmit (telemetry) section. The radiation part includes two different sections of rotationally symmetric slotted arrays on circular waveguide, and radially outward metallic disks to improve omnidirectionality and circular polarization. The feed part contains a dual‐band mod converter from rectangular TE10 mode to circular TM01 mode for symmetric field excitation over slots where the input of the converter is the standard rectangular waveguide. The design, simulation, and measurement results of the antenna are shown over a 3D printed prototype at Ku‐band with center frequencies of 12 GHz and 14.25 GHz for TX and RX, respectively. With thin slots in telemetry section and thick slots in telecommand section, measured bandwidths for TX and RX frequencies are obtained approximately as 200 and 450 MHz, respectively. While TX band with maximum 3 dB gain variation over azimuth, maximum 3 dB axial ratio and minimum −3 dBi gain over 70° elevation beamwidth has relatively better performances at the expense of narrow bandwidth, RX band has maximum 3.5 dB gain variation over azimuth, maximum 4 dB axial ratio and minimum −6 dBi gain over 55° elevation beamwidth at the expense of wide bandwidth.
Effects of Unsaturated Flow on Hydraulic Head Response to Earth Tides–An Analytical Model
Authors: Liang Xiuyu , Wang Chi‐Yuen , Ma Enze , Zhang You‐Kuan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractResponses of groundwater levels to Earth tides have been widely studied to evaluate aquifer properties because it has been shown to be an economical and effective approach to estimate aquifer parameters. Existing studies suggest that unsaturated zones may have non‐negligible effects on groundwater responses to Earth tides in an unconfined aquifer. However, an analytical model for these effects is unavailable; as a result, the impacts of the unsaturated flow on the tidal response of water levels has not been fully explored. Here we present an analytical solution for the coupled unsaturated‐saturated flow equation, which is linearized by the perturbation method, to study the hydraulic head responses to Earth tides. The solutions are compared with that from numerical simulation using the finite‐element method built in COMSOL Multiphysics and an existing numerical model. The results indicate that the unsaturated zone has significant impacts on the hydraulic head responses to Earth tides. The traditional model for an unconfined aquifer that neglects the effects of an unsaturated zone commonly underestimates the amplitude ratio and overestimates the phase shift. The fluctuations of the water table near the ground surface (<1.0 m) causes dramatic variations of both amplitude ratio and phase shift, which in turn cause the traditional model to fail in estimating aquifer parameters. The solutions are applied to field data to interpret large seasonal variations in the tidal responses. The solutions derived in this study should be an important addition to existing analytical models for tidal analysis.
DNA-methylation dynamics across short-term, exposure-containing CBT in patients with panic disorder
Authors: Moser Sylvain , Martins Jade , Czamara Darina , Lange Jennifer , Müller-Myhsok Bertram , Erhardt Angelika 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInteraction of genetic predispositions and environmental factors via epigenetic mechanisms have been hypothesized to play a central role in Panic Disorder (PD) aetiology and therapy. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), including exposure interventions, belong to the most efficient treatments of PD although its biological mechanism of action remains unknown. For the first time, we explored the dynamics and magnitude of DNA-methylation and immune cell-type composition during CBT (n = 38) and the therapeutic exposure intervention (n = 21) to unravel their biological correlates and identify possible biomarkers of therapy success. We report transient regulation of the CD4 + T-Cells, Natural Killers cells, Granulocytes during exposure and a significant change in the proportions of CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells and B-Cells and Granulocytes during therapy. In an epigenome-wide association study we identified cg01586609 located in a CpG island and annotated to the serotonin receptor 3 A (HTR3A) to be differentially methylated during fear exposure and regulated at gene expression level with significant differences between remitters and non-remitters (p = 0.028). We moreover report cg01699630 annotated to ARG1 to undergo long lasting methylation changes during therapy (paired t test, genome-wide adj.pvalue = 0.02). This study reports the first data-driven biological candidates for epigenetically mediated effects of acute fear exposure and CBT in PD patients. Our results provide evidence of changes in the serotonin receptor 3 A methylation and expression during fear exposure associated with different long-term CBT trajectories and outcome, making it a possible candidate in the search of markers for therapy success. Finally, our results add to a growing body of evidence showing immune system changes associated with PD.
Miniaturized thermal acoustic gas sensor based on a CMOS microhotplate and MEMS microphone
Authors: Hopper Richard , Popa Daniel , Udrea Florin , Ali Syed Zeeshan , Stanley-Marbell Phillip 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe present a miniaturised thermal acoustic gas sensor, fabricated using a CMOS microhotplate and MEMS microphone. The sensing mechanism is based on the detection of changes in the thermal acoustic conversion efficiency which is dependent on the physical properties of the gas. An active sensing element, consisting of a MEMS microphone, is used to detect the target gas while a reference element is used for acoustic noise compensation. Compared to current photoacoustic gas sensors, our sensor requires neither the use of gas-encapsulated microphones, nor that of optical filters. In addition, it has all the benefits of CMOS technology, including production scalability, low cost and miniaturization. Here we demonstrate its application for CO$$_2$$

2

gas detection. The sensor could be used for gas leak detection, for example, in an industrial plant.
Balanced modulation of neuromuscular synaptic transmission via M1 and M2 muscarinic receptors during inhibition of cholinesterases
Authors: Lenina Oksana A. , Petrov Konstantin A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOrganophosphorus (OP) compounds that inhibit acetylcholinesterase are a common cause of poisoning worldwide, resulting in several hundred thousand deaths each year. The pathways activated during OP compound poisoning via overstimulation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) play a decisive role in toxidrome. The antidotal therapy includes atropine, which is a nonspecific blocker of all mAChR subtypes. Atropine is efficient for mitigating depression in respiratory control centers but does not benefit patients with OP-induced skeletal muscle weakness. By using an ex vivo model of OP-induced muscle weakness, we studied the effects of the M1/M4 mAChR antagonist pirenzepine and the M2/M4 mAChR antagonist methoctramine on the force of mouse diaphragm muscle contraction. It was shown that weakness caused by the application of paraoxon can be significantly prevented by methoctramine (1 µM). However, neither pirenzepine (0.1 µM) nor atropine (1 µM) was able to prevent muscle weakness. Moreover, the application of pirenzepine significantly reduced the positive effect of methoctramine. Thus, balanced modulation of neuromuscular synaptic transmission via M1 and M2 mAChRs contributes to paraoxon-induced muscle weakness. It was shown that methoctramine (10 µmol/kg, i.p.) and atropine (50 µmol/kg, i.p.) were equieffective toward increasing the survival of mice poisoned with a 2xLD50dose of paraoxon.
A novel metamaterial-based antenna for on-chip applications for the 72.5–81 GHz frequency range
Authors: Olan-Nuñez Karen N. , Murphy-Arteaga Roberto S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this paper we present a novel metamaterial-based antenna simulated using HFSS. The unit cell parameters were extracted using periodic boundary conditions and wave-port excitation. The metamaterial is magnetically coupled to the CPW line, the induced current in the hexagonal ring gives rise to a field perpendicular to the incident one. The antenna can be modeled by an LC circuit. This design achieves a significant impedance bandwidth of 8.47 GHz (S11 = − 10 dB from 72.56 GHz to 81.03 GHz), and a minimum return loss of − 40.79 dB at 76.89 GHz, which clearly indicates good impedance matching to 50Ω. The proposed antenna offers gains from 4.53 to 5.25 dBi, with radiation efficiencies better than 74%. Compactness, simple design layout, a novel design, and good radiation characteristics for this antenna are the main contributions of this work. The antenna can be built on top of a 300 µm thick silicon wafer, for application on HR-SOI-CMOS technology. When compared to other antenna designs for the same frequency band, the proposed antenna achieves very good performance. This design is suitable for the reception stage of long-range automobile radar systems, due to its wide HPBW, as well as E-band applications, such as backhaul systems.
Role of the voltage window on the capacity retention of P2-Na2/3[Fe1/2Mn1/2]O2 cathode material for rechargeable sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Zarrabeitia Maider , Nobili Francesco , Lakuntza Oier , Carrasco Javier , Rojo Teófilo , Casas-Cabanas Montse , Muñoz-Márquez Miguel Ángel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractP2-Na2/3[Fe1/2Mn1/2]O2 layered oxide is a promising high energy density cathode material for sodium-ion batteries. However, one of its drawbacks is the poor long-term stability in the operating voltage window of 1.5–4.25 V vs Na+/Na that prevents its commercialization. In this work, additional light is shed on the origin of capacity fading, which has been analyzed using a combination of experimental techniques and theoretical methods. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy has been performed on P2-Na2/3[Fe1/2Mn1/2]O2 half-cells operating in two different working voltage windows, one allowing and one preventing the high voltage phase transition occurring in P2-Na2/3[Fe1/2Mn1/2]O2 above 4.0 V vs Na+/Na; so as to unveil the transport properties at different states of charge and correlate them with the existing phases in P2-Na2/3[Fe1/2Mn1/2]O2. Supporting X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy experiments to elucidate the surface properties along with theoretical calculations have concluded that the formed electrode-electrolyte interphase is very thin and stable, mainly composed by inorganic species, and reveal that the structural phase transition at high voltage from P2- to “Z”/OP4-oxygen stacking is associated with a drastic increased in the bulk electronic resistance of P2-Na2/3[Fe1/2Mn1/2]O2 electrodes which is one of the causes of the observed capacity fading.
Prise en charge de l’algoneurodystrophie ou Syndrome Douloureux Régional Complexe chez l’enfant et l’adolescent : la nécessité d’une approche en équipes
Authors: Greco Céline , Mulliez Adèle , Fertout-Aharouni Élise 
Published: February 2022

Dans le cadre de consultations spécifiques pour des patients souffrant de « douleurs chroniques », nous sommes régulièrement amenés à rencontrer des enfants (en général dès l’âge de 7 ans) et des adolescents, adressés le plus souvent par des chirurgiens orthopédistes pédiatriques pour la prise en charge d’algoneurodystrophies (ou Syndrome Douloureux Régional Complexe de type 1) rebelles aux traitements antalgiques classiques. Nous décrivons notre expérience auprès de ces patients avec la nécessité de porter autant d’attention à la véracité de leur vécu douloureux qu’à leur histoire de vie, leur personnalité et les relations avec leur entourage.
La réussite de la rencontre avec ces patients, leur acceptation de notre aide reposent sur la qualité de notre écoute et la pluridisciplinarité de la prise en charge : celui du médecin et du psychologue en consultation, celui des autres professionnels et des équipes relais.
La Covid-19 en Guadeloupe : souffrances et résistances
Authors: Eynaud Michel , Racon Patrick 
Published: February 2022

L’épidémie de Covid-19 a connu une intensité particulière en Guadeloupe, avec des taux très importants d’incidence et de mortalité. Sa survenue dans une population présentant de nombreux facteurs de risque, une situation socioéconomique précaire, et un système hospitalier fragile, relève d’une situation de syndémie.
L’épidémie virale s’est doublée d’une épidémie psychique avec une forte augmentation du recours aux services de la psychiatrie publique se traduisant par l’accroissement du nombre de nouveaux patients, des actes de soins ambulatoires, du recours à l’hospitalisation, tant en psychiatrie générale qu’infantojuvénile. La défense contre l’angoisse générée par l’épidémie, les mesures de restrictions de déplacements et de relations sociales, a pris de multiples formes et relève de facteurs et mécanismes pluriels, chez les adultes, les mineurs ou les professionnels de santé.
Une forte résistance à la vaccination s’est manifestée, illustrant les limites de la démocratie sanitaire. L’opposition au vaccin s’est reliée notamment au scandale écologique et sanitaire de l’usage du Chlordécone, l’opposition à un produit chimique devenant opposition à l’état, mais aussi à toute forme d’autorité. Cette politisation de la santé est aussi portée par un syndicat à visée indépendantiste. La défiance à l’égard de ce qui vient de l’extérieur, ainsi que les enjeux identitaires et culturels ont participé aussi au retard à la vaccination, le repli sur la pharmacopée traditionnelle associant une identité faite de résistance et une appartenance protectrice. Le repli sur des identités de confrontation entre « pro » et « anti » remet en question l’identité relationnelle qui est celle de la créolisation.
Indium-Mediated Reformatsky Reaction of Iododifluoro Ketones with Aldehydes: Preparation of α,α-Difluoro-β-hydroxyketone Derivatives in Water
Authors: Huang Jinwen , Wu Fanhong , Li Zhongyuan , Ni Zhuang , Sun Ran , Nie Hui , Tang Hui , Song Lixing 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIndium can efficiently mediate the Reformatsky reaction of iododifluoroacetylketones with aldehydes to afford the corresponding α,α-difluoro-β-hydroxyketones in high yield in pure water This reaction has excellent substrate suitability and functional group selectivity and provides an efficient approach for the synthesis of bioactive molecules containing the α,α-difluoro-β-hydroxyketone pharmacophore.
Thoracolumbar Instrumentation Surgery in Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Spindler Philipp , Tkatschenko Dimitri , Alzoobi Yasmin , Kuebler Dorothee , Kühn Andrea A. , Schneider Gerd-Helge , Prinz Vincent , Vajkoczy Peter , Faust Katharina 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background With increasing prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD), instrumentation surgery of the thoracolumbar spine of PD patients grows in importance. Poor operative results with high rates of revision surgery have been reported. The goal of this study was to compare the biomechanical complications of thoracolumbar instrumentation surgery of patients with and without PD.
Methods In a retrospective case-control study, we compared 16 PD patients with a matched cohort of 104 control patients regarding the following postinstrumentation complications: (1) adjacent joint disease, (2) material failure, and (3) material loosening. Also, we compared the spinal bone density, which is the main prognostic criteria for failed instrumentation surgery, between the groups.
Results We found the rate of material revision to be significantly higher in PD patients (43.8 vs. 13.5%, p = 0.008, odds ratio (OR) = 5.0). Furthermore, the indications for revision surgery differed between the groups, with more hardware failures in the PD group and more adjacent segment degeneration in the control group. PD patients profited from modern operation techniques (percutaneous instrumentation and CT-navigated screw implantation). Hospitalization was significantly longer for PD patients (20.2 ± 15.1 vs. 14.1 ± 8.9 days, p = 0.03).
Conclusion PD patients exhibit challenging biomechanical demands on instrumenting the spine. Besides osteoporosis, especially sagittal imbalance, gait disturbance, and altered muscle tone may be contributive. PD patients may particularly profit from navigated and less invasive surgical techniques.
Potassium management effects on yield and quality of cassava varieties in tropical sandy soils
Authors: Gazola Bruno , Fernandes Adalton M. , Hellmeister Gabriela , Abrami Laura S. , Silva Rudieli M. , Soratto Rogério P. 
Published: February 2022

Potassium (K) fertilisation at planting time may not be sufficient to achieve high cassava yields. Experiments were conducted over two growing periods using sweet cassava (SC) variety IAC 576-70 and bitter cassava (BC) variety IAC 13 aiming to evaluate the effects of K fertilisation rate (0–150 kg K/ha) and timing of application (one, two, or three) on leaf K concentration, yield components, and storage-root and starch yields. The SC and BC varieties were grown in a randomized block design in a 3 × 4 + 1 factorial scheme with four replications during growing periods of 10 and 20 months respectively. For SC, split application of K at planting plus 3 months after planting (MP) or at planting plus 1.5 and 3 MP was more effective at increasing the marketable root yield, with greater rainfall at the beginning of the growing period. Split application of K at planting plus 3 MP also reduced the cooking time and cooked root firmness. For BC, split application of K at planting plus 12 MP more effectively increased the storage-root and starch yields; however, root yield response to K fertilisation in the second growing period, with greater rain intensity during the initial crop stages, was greater than in the first growing period. In K-deficient soils, the optimal K application rate for SC marketable root yield varied from 79 to 111 kg/ha when K was applied after 1.5 MP, and linear responses to K application rate occurred when K was applied earlier. For BC, the optimal K application rate varied from 75 to 92 kg K/ha. Our data suggest that K application times should be different for cassava varieties with short and long growing periods.