bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Holographic dark energy from acceleration of particle horizon
Authors: Fazlollahi H. R. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Following the holographic principle, which suggests that the energy density of dark energy may be inversely proportional to the area of the event horizon of the Universe, we propose a new energy density of dark energy through the acceleration of the particle horizon scaled by the length of this parameter. The proposed model depends only on one free parameter:

. For values of

near zero, the deviation between the proposed model and the

CDM model is significant, while for

, the suggested model has no conflict with the

CDM theory. Regardless of the value of

, the model considers dark energy to behave as matter with positive pressure in high redshifts,

, while for present and near-future Universe, it is considered to behave similar to that in the cosmological constant model and phantom field. Comparing the model with the Ricci dark energy model, we show that our model reduces the errors of the Ricci dark energy model concerning the calculation of the age of old supernovae and evolution of different cosmic components in high redshifts. Moreover, we calculated matter structure formation parameters such as the CMB temperature and matter power spectrum of the model to consider the effects of matter-like dark energy during the matter-dominated era.
Decreased surface blistering and deuterium retention in potassium-doped tungsten exposed to deuterium plasma following ion irradiation
Authors: Ma Xiaolei , Zhang Xiaoxin , Wang Ting , Gao Yuan , Yuan Yue , Cheng Long , Zhu Jipeng , Lv Wei , Lang Shaoting , Ge Changchun , Yan Qingzhi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A large-size potassium-doped tungsten (KW) plate with a thickness of 15 mm was fabricated via powder metallurgy technology and hot rolling. In order to appraise the irradiation resistance of KW, the surface deuterium (D) blistering and D retention were studied on Fe11+ pre-damaged (0, 0.05 and 0.5 dpa) KW and pure tungsten (PW), which were exposed to ∼60 eV and ∼5 × 1021 m−2 s−1 D plasmas at 500 K at a fluence of ∼5.76 × 1025 m−2. The results indicate that the KW alloy can better inhibit the generation of vacancy defects after Fe11+ ion damage compared with PW because K bubbles can restrain the migration of W self-interstitial atoms and the accumulation of vacancies caused during Fe11+ ion irradiation. The Fe11+ ion pre-damage can relieve the surface blistering and D retention of PW and KW at the same time, and the KW has a better effect of inhibiting D retention, while it does not show a significant advantage in inhibiting surface blistering compared with PW. In addition, the causes of the discrepancy in total D retention and the surface morphology evolution of PW and KW are discussed in detail.
Argonne Pixel Tracking Telescope at the Fermilab Test Beam Facility
Authors: Bhopatkar V. , Benoit M. , Dong B. , Kiehn M. , Lambert J. , Metcalfe J. , Muse J. , Wilbern D. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Argonne Pixel Tracking Telescope is installed at the
Fermilab Test Beam Facility. The telescope consists of six planar
n+-in-n silicon sensors with a pixel size of
250 × 50 μm2. The instrumentation of the
telescope is described including the electrical and mechanical
setups. A 120 GeV proton beam is used to evaluate the telescope
performance using criteria such as cluster size, pixel tracking
efficiency, and spatial resolution. The spatial resolution of the
telescope is measured to be
72 μm × 13 μm and is consistent
with the resolution determined from the simulation. This telescope
will be used to test the performance of the various silicon pixel
technology as well as to study the effects and the performance of
the detectors after being irradiated.
Effects of sterilization methods on gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel properties and macrophage gene expression in vitro
Authors: Zhang Fan , Scull Grant , Gluck Jessica M , Brown Ashley C , King Martin W 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
To assure the long-term safety and functional performance after implantation, it is of critical importance to completely sterilize a biomaterial implant. Ineffective sterilization can cause severe inflammation and infection at the implant site, leading to detrimental events of morbidity and even mortality. Macrophages are pivotal players in the inflammatory and foreign body response after implanting a biomaterial in the body. However, the relationship between the sterilization procedure and macrophage response has not been established. In this study, three commonly used sterilization methods, including autoclaving, ethylene oxide gas and ethanol treatment, were used to sterilize a gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel. The impacts of different sterilization methods on the structure and physical properties of the hydrogel were compared. Macrophage responses to the sterilized hydrogel were analyzed based on their morphology, viability and in vitro gene expression. It was found that the sterilization methods only marginally altered the hydrogel morphology, swelling behavior and elastic modulus, but significantly impacted macrophage gene expression within 48 h and over 7 d in vitro. Therefore, when selecting sterilization methods for GelMA hydrogel, not only the sterility and hydrogel properties, such as material destruction and degradation caused by temperature and moisture, should be taken into consideration, but also the cellular responses to the sterilized material which could be substantially different.
Effects of cryospheric hydrological processes on future flood inundation and the subsequent socioeconomic exposures in Central Asia
Authors: Wang Ning , Sun Fubao , Wang Hong , Liu Wenbin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Floods and their subsequent socioeconomic exposures are increasing in most parts of the world due to global warming. However, less attention is given in the arid Central Asia (CA), in which floods usually occur in data-scarce high-mountainous regions with complex cryospheric hydrological processes (CHP). In this study, an improved hydrologic-hydrodynamic model coupled with a glacier mass balance module was developed to enhance flood simulations in CA. The effects of the CHP on future flood inundation and the subsequent socioeconomic exposures were also investigated. We found that the simulations of daily streamflow and flood magnitudes improved significantly over the selected hydrological stations after considering the glacier mass balance. Our estimations indicated that the flood inundation and its dynamic evolution generally agreed with satellite observations. Moreover, CHP-induced (rainfall-induced) flood inundation plays a significant role in China’s Xinjiang and Tajikistan (other regions of CA). The CHP would amplify the effects of future flood on socioeconomics in CA, with population (Gross Domestic Productivity, GDP) exposure up to 2.25 million persons/year (150 billion $ PPP/year) for 2071–2100. These findings could provide scientific evidence to improve the understanding of CHP effects on future floods and the subsequent exposures, informing the prioritization and design of flood mitigation strategies in CA.
A new grinding surface roughness measurement method based on image quality algorithm and BP neural network
Authors: Lu Enhui , Guo Yaocun , Zhu Xinglong , Wang Yunan , Ren Wenxiang , Yang Yong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Due to the problem of single factor and no benchmark in the design of image characteristic index, the measurement results of machine vision-based grinding surface roughness measurement are greatly influenced by the light source brightness, and the accuracy is limited. To address this problem, a method based on the combination of a full-reference (FR) image quality algorithm visual saliency-induced index (VSI) and a backward propagation (BP) neural network for grinding surface roughness measurement is proposed. First, the VSI is applied to characterize grinding surface roughness. Its performance is then compared with the mainstream color image-based indices. Meanwhile, the ability of anti-interference to light source is analyzed for the VSI. Furthermore, in order to improve the prediction accuracy, the BP neural network is selected and applied to construct the roughness prediction model. The experimental results show that the VSI has significant advantages in the abilities of measurement accuracy and anti-interference to light source brightness levels. BP can significantly improve the prediction accuracy for VSI.
Synergistic lubrication effects and tribological properties of graphene/oil-based lubricant systems
Authors: Pan Ling , Han Yuqing , Chen Yunhui , Guo Liming 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Graphene exhibits great potential as an additive to enhance the anti-wear and friction reduction capacity of moving mechanical components in a synergistic mechanism with the base oil. This paper considers the effect of different factors such as the number of base oil molecules, graphene content, normal load, sliding velocity and the presence of graphene. The synergistic mechanism of graphene and base oil is investigated by experiments and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The results show that the friction and wear reduction is due to the formation of the load-supporting graphene layers and sufficient base oil molecules between Fe slabs. Graphene can stably adsorb on the rubbing surfaces lubricated by the base oil, confirming that graphene can form a physical deposition film on rubbing surfaces. Low friction and wear can be achieved with higher sliding velocity and lower load. Furthermore, compared to the sliding velocity, the load significantly affects the mean square displacement of base oil and oleic acid molecules. These outcomes provide a better understanding of the tribological properties of graphene as a lubricant additive.
Stateless Regionalism and Corporate Power: Willa Cather’s Public Relations Novel
Authors: Siraganian Lisa 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article explores American novelists’ focus on towns or counties (such as Sweet Water, Eatonville, Winesburg, Yoknapatawpha) whether real or imagined, rather than states, and what that might teach us about the novel’s understanding of political totality and democratic action. Novels about towns or counties have been typically conceptualized with the discourse of regionalism, yet that has not led to a literary critical discussion of the federalist system of individual states joined in and as one nation, and how capitalist and corporate power impacts that totality. Focusing on Willa Cather’s novel A Lost Lady (1923), this article develops the notion of “stateless regionalism.” Cather’s novel portrays a political jurisdiction’s complete subsumption by the railroad corporation. Expanding on the town’s fate, the novel portrays the danger of the corporate form—with its attendant incentives, values, and limitations—as it dominates other social, democratic, and political institutions, including municipal town life and, eventually, characters’ sense of self.Cather thus offers us stateless regionalism: the realistic feeling of a political world that does not really function like a political totality at all.
Which plumage patches provide information about condition and success in a female fairy-wren?
Authors: Nolazco Sergio , Delhey Kaspar , Fan Marie , Hall Michelle L , Kingma Sjouke A , Roast Michael J , Teunissen Niki , Peters Anne 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecent evidence suggests that female ornaments can commonly act as signals. However, how signaling functions might be affected by the tendency for reduced ornament elaboration in relation to males is less well-understood. We address this in mutually ornamented purple-crowned fairy-wrens. We investigated putatively ornamental (tail, ear coverts, crown) and non-ornamental (throat, back) plumage patches in females and compared our findings to previous studies in males. Both sexes have brown backs, buff-white throats, and turquoise-blue tails (bluer in males), while ear coverts are rufous in females and black in males. Both sexes also have a seasonal crown (slate-gray in females, black-and-purple in males). Dominant (breeder) females expressed more complete and grayer (more ornamented) crowns, although variation in coloration should not be discriminable by individuals. Unexpectedly, subordinates showed more colorful (saturated) rufous ear coverts, which should be discriminable. Condition-dependence was only evident for crown completeness (% slate-gray cover). Females with more reddish-brown backs were more reproductively successful. Variation in plumage characteristics did not explain differential allocation by mates or chances of gaining dominance. Our outcomes were not entirely consistent with findings in males. The most notable disparity was for the crown, a signal used in male-male competition that in females seems to be expressed as an incomplete version of the male crown that is not associated with fitness benefits. Our study shows that in a species, multiple traits can vary in their information content and that female ornaments can sometimes be less informative than in males, even those that are produced seasonally.
IMMerge: merging imputation data at scale
Authors: Zhu Wanying , Chen Hung-Hsin , Petty Alexander S , Petty Lauren E , Polikowsky Hannah G , Gamazon Eric R , Below Jennifer E , Highland Heather M 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Summary
Genomic data are often processed in batches and analyzed together to save time. However, it is challenging to combine multiple large VCFs and properly handle imputation quality and missing variants due to the limitations of available tools. To address these concerns, we developed IMMerge, a Python-based tool that takes advantage of multiprocessing to reduce running time. For the first time in a publicly available tool, imputation quality scores are correctly combined with Fisher’s z transformation.

Availability and implementation
IMMerge is an open-source project under MIT license. Source code and user manual are available at https://github.com/belowlab/IMMerge.
MPC2variants disrupt mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism and cause an early-onset mitochondriopathy
Authors: Pujol Claire , Lebigot Elise , Gaignard Pauline , Galai Said , Kraoua Ichraf , Bault Jean-Philippe , Dard Rodolphe , Youssef-Turki Ilhem Ben , Omar Souheil , Boutron Audrey , Wai Timothy , Slama Abdelhamid 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPyruvate is an essential metabolite produced by glycolysis in the cytosol and must be transported across the inner mitochondrial membrane into the mitochondrial matrix, where it is oxidized to fuel mitochondrial respiration. Pyruvate import is performed by the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC), a hetero-oligomeric complex composed by interdependent subunits MPC1 and MPC2. Pathogenic variants in the MPC1 gene disrupt mitochondrial pyruvate uptake and oxidation and cause autosomal-recessive early-onset neurological dysfunction in humans. The present work describes the first pathogenic variants in MPC2 associated with human disease in four patients from two unrelated families. In the first family, patients presented with antenatal developmental abnormalities and harboured a homozygous c.148T&gt;C (p.Trp50Arg) variant. In the second family, patients that presented with infantile encephalopathy carried a missense c.2T&gt;G (p.Met1?) variant disrupting the initiation codon. Patient-derived skin fibroblasts exhibit decreased pyruvate-driven oxygen consumption rates with normal activities of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and mitochondrial respiratory chain and no defects in mitochondrial content or morphology. Re-expression of wild-type MPC2 restored pyruvate-dependent respiration rates in patient-derived fibroblasts.The discovery of pathogenic variants in MPC2 therefore broadens the clinical and genetic landscape associated with inborn errors in pyruvate metabolism.
Considerations for the Use of Long-Acting and Extended-Release Agents During Pregnancy and Lactation
Authors: Olagunju Adeniyi , Mathad Jyoti , Eke Ahizechukwu , Delaney-Moretlwe Sinead , Lockman Shahin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Long-acting agents hold significant promise for treating and preventing common illnesses, including infections. Pharmacokinetic and safety data during pregnancy and lactation are often unavailable for new drugs; these data are vital to facilitate optimal drug use by pregnant and lactating women and women who may conceive. In this commentary, we summarize the circumstances in which pregnant and lactating women are likely to use and benefit from long-acting agents. We focus on long-acting formulations of small molecules (rather than biologics such as monoclonal antibodies) and on several infections of global importance (human immunodeficiency virus, tuberculosis, malaria, and hepatitis C). We discuss pregnancy pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic and potential safety and efficacy considerations pertaining to the use of long-acting agents in pregnancy and lactation. Finally, we summarize existing preclinical and pregnancy pharmacokinetic data that are available (or expected in the near future) for several agents that are under development or approved, and how key research gaps may be addressed.
A System For Storing Anonymous Patient Healthcare Data Using Blockchain And Its Applications
Authors: Oksuz Ozgur 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a system is proposed which uses blockchain technology in healthcare. In this system, patients can access their health records anytime from anywhere. Moreover, the patients’ health records are put into the blockchain anonymously. Whenever a patient visits a healthcare professional, the authorized entity filters patients’ medical report out by eliminating the patients’ sensitive information. Then, the filtered medical data are put into an off-chain database, while the address of the data is put into the blockchain with an assigned pseudo random identity of the patient. Thus, there are multi pseudo random identities for each patient. Unlike previous studies where the patients’ identities/reports were linkable, in the proposed protocol the patients’ identities are not linkable. The proposed system can also be used to show patients’ health status to some entities when a pandemic happens (e.g. COVID-19). During the COVID-19 pandemic, the patients are required to show their series of vaccinations before they travel internationally/nationally or participate in some social events. To travel or join some events, the patient needs to show only a partial medical history to the security guard without leaking any private information. Furthermore, once the anonymous medical data are put into the off-chain database, the data can be used for data mining and machine learning.
Identifying unmet antithrombotic therapeutic need, and implications for stroke and systemic embolism in atrial fibrillation patients: a population-scale longitudinal study
Authors: Torabi Fatemeh , Harris Daniel E , Bodger Owen , Akbari Ashley , Lyons Ronan A , Gravenor Michael , Halcox Julian P 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Aims
Guidelines recommend anticoagulation (AC) in atrial fibrillation (AF) to reduce stroke and systemic embolism (SSE) risk; however, implementation has been slow across many populations. This study aimed to quantify the potential impact of changing prevalence of AF, associated risk, and AC prescribing on SSE hospitalizations and death.

Methods and results
We evaluated temporal trends of AF, CHA2DS2-VASc, antithrombotic prescriptions, SSE hospitalizations, death, and their associations between 2012 and 2018 in a longitudinal cohort of AF patients in Wales UK. Multi-state Markov models were used to estimate expected SSE rates given the AC coverage, adjusting for CHA2DS2-VASc scores. SSE rates were modelled for various past and future AC scenarios. A total of 107 137 AF patients were evaluated (mean age = 74 years, 45% female). AF prevalence increased from 1.75 to 2.22% (P-value &lt;0.001). SSE hospitalizations decreased by 18% (2.34–1.92%, P-value &lt;0.001). Increased AC coverage from 50 to 70% was associated with a 37% lower SSE rate, after adjustment for individual time-dependent CHA2DS2VASc scores. The observed AC increase accounted for approximately 80 fewer SSE hospitalizations per 100 000/year. If 90% AC coverage had been achieved since 2012, an estimated 279 SSE per 100 000/year may have been prevented. Our model also predicts that improving AC coverage to 90% over the next 9 years could reduce annual SSE rates by 9%.

Conclusion
We quantified the relationship between observed AC coverage, estimating the potential impact of variation in the timing of large-scale implementation. These data emphasize the importance of timely implementation and the considerable opportunity to improve clinical outcomes in the Wales-AF population.
Drought stress affects interactions between potato plants, psyllid vectors, and a bacterial pathogen
Authors: Cohen Abigail , Basu Saumik , Crowder David W 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Transmission of insect-borne pathogens is mediated by interactions between insects and plants across variable environments. Water stress, for example, affects the physiology, defense, chemistry, and nutritional balance of plants in ways that alter their tolerance to herbivores and pathogens. However, few studies have explored interactions between water stress and insect-borne pathogens as well as the molecular mechanisms mediating these interactions. Here, we address these knowledge gaps by assessing effects of plant water stress on the transmission of a bacterial pathogen, Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (CLs), by the vector Bactericera cockerelli Šulc (potato psyllid). We hypothesized that plant water stress would promote pathogen transmission by inducing plant gene transcripts and phytohormones involved in defense. Our results showed water stress was associated with decreased CLs titer with two psyllid haplotypes. Our analysis of plant gene transcripts suggested water stress affected phytohormone pathways in ways that altered plant tolerance to the CLs pathogen. Our study shows that abiotic stressors like drought may mediate the spread of plant pathogens by altering plant signaling pathways in ways that affect pathogen transmission.
The associations among cognitive social factors, eHealth literacy and health-promoting behaviors in Chinese adolescents
Authors: Wang Xin , Yue Tian , Mo Phoenix Kit-han 
Published: November 2022

Summary
The internet is a critical source of health information. It is important to understand online health information seeking related factors among college students, as modifications in this have the potentials to enhance their health-promoting behaviors in their transition into early adulthood. This study assessed the associations among cognitive social factors, eHealth literacy, online health information seeking and health-promoting behaviors; and examined the potential mediation effect of online health information seeking and eHealth literacy on the association between cognitive social factors and health-promoting behaviors. A cross-sectional, Internet-based survey was conducted in a sample of Chinese college students (n = 289) during April to June 2018. The structural model fitted the data well: X2/df = 2.27; CFI = 0.95; TLI = 0.94; RMSEA = 0.07 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.08); SRMR = 0.07 and the results showed that performance expectancy and health motivation were significantly and positively associated with health-promoting behaviors indirectly through eHealth literacy, adjusting for other cognitive social factors, frequency of online health information seeking and background factors. eHealth literacy is a strong mediator of the association between cognitive social factors (performance expectancy and health motivation) and health-promoting behaviors. Implications and potential interventions to promote eHealth literacy and health-promoting behaviors are discussed.