bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic factors of 2018 FIGO stage IB-IIA cervical cancer with absence of high/ intermediate surgical-pathological risk factors
Authors: Shibuya Yusuke , Shimada Muneaki , Tsuji Keita , Shigeta Shogo , Tanase Yasuhito , Matsuo Koji , Yamaguchi Satoshi , Kanao Hiroyuki , Saito Toshiaki , Mikami Mikio 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objective
This retrospective analysis of a real-world database of open radical hysterectomy in Japan aimed to reveal the clinicopathological findings and clinical outcomes of low-risk patients with stage IB-IIA cervical cancer.

Methods
A total of 1143 stage IB1, IB2 and IIA1 (reclassified by FIGO 2018 staging system) patients with cervical cancer who underwent radical hysterectomy between January 2004 and December 2008 from the Japanese Gynecologic Oncology Group database were analyzed. Low-risk patients were defined as those without a tumor size exceeding 4 cm, parametrial tumor involvement, deep (outer half) stromal invasion, lymphovascular space invasion or lymph nodal metastasis.

Results
61.2% (772/1262) patients with stage IB1, 32.1% (229/932) with stage IB2 and 16.9% (72/294) of stage IIA1 were classified into the low-risk group. The 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates were 98.4 and 93.7%, respectively. Histological classification did not affect the survival rates, but stage IIA cases had significantly lower overall survival and disease-free survival (83.5 and 93.8%, respectively) than stage IB cases. The independent prognostic factors for disease-free survival were older age (≧50), histology, clinical stage and clinical stage as independent prognostic factors for overall survival. Regarding recurrence, older age, non-SCC and stage IIA1 were independent risk factors for local recurrence, but stage IIA1 was the only independent risk factor for distant metastasis.

Conclusion
We found that stage IIA1 was the strongest risk factor for survival and recurrence of low-risk uterine cervical cancer (FIGO, 2018). In low-risk cases, stage IIA1 should be considered separately from stage IB.
Minimally invasive esophagectomy in the semi-prone position for corrosive esophagitis: a case report
Authors: Obitsu Tamotsu , Kiyozaki Hirokazu , Saito Masaaki , Fukai Shota , Abe Iku , Ichida Kosuke , Muto Yuta , Rikiyama Toshiki 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Treatment strategies for corrosive esophagitis include conservative treatment, such as balloon dilatation at the stenosis site, and surgical treatment. Esophagectomy for corrosive esophagitis is usually performed through the transthoracic or transhiatal approaches. Herein, we report a case of corrosive esophagitis treated with thoracoscopic esophagectomy with the patient in the semi-prone position. The patient was a 48-year-old woman who developed corrosive esophagitis due to accidental ingestion of an alkaline agent. Surgical intervention was required for esophageal stenosis. Therefore, thoracoscopic esophagectomy was performed with the patient in the semi-prone position with bilateral pulmonary ventilation. In our hospital, good operative outcomes have been obtained using thoracoscopic esophagectomy for esophageal cancer with the patient in the semi-prone position with bilateral pulmonary ventilation. This technique is also considered effective for the treatment of corrosive esophagitis.
Benchmarking animal handling outcomes on cow-calf operations and identifying associated factors
Authors: Calaba Elaine , Clowser Michaela , Weller Zachary D , Bigler Libby , Fulton Jesse , Edwards-Callaway Lily N 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe assessment of animal handling is commonly included in cattle care programs. The guidelines set in the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association Beef Checkoff funded Beef Quality Assurance (BQA) program are often used for assessing handling on feedlot, stocker, and cow-calf operations. There is limited information about animal handling on cow-calf operations. Thus, the objectives of this study were to: (1) quantify handling outcomes on cow-calf operations and compare them to national BQA program thresholds, and (2) investigate factors associated with handling outcomes. Researchers visited 76 operations across the United States to observe the following outcomes, adapted from the BQA program, during the processing of cows or yearling heifers: Prod Use, Miscatch, Vocalization, Jump, Slip/Stumble, Fall and Run. One hundred cows or less (depending on herd size) were observed moving through a restraint system at each operation. Other information specific to the animal type, facilities, and management were also gathered to be explored as potential predictors of handling outcomes. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics on an operation basis and analyzed with multi-predictor ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis tests to assess the relationship between outcomes and possible explanatory factors. Predictors included in the final analyses were: BQA certification (BQA), animal temperament (TEMP), region (REGION), chute style (CHUTE), and visual contact with humans (VISUAL). The 76 operations were sampled in 24 states (Central, n = 17; East, 30; West, 29), with herd sizes ranging from 10 animals to more than 5,000 animals. A total of 4,804 animals were observed. There were a substantial number of operations exceeding BQA thresholds for Prod Use (34.0%, 26), Miscatch (46.0%, 35), and Fall (31.6%, 24); the averages of these outcomes also exceeded the BQA thresholds (&lt; 10%, 0%, and 2%, respectively). There was an association between Prod Use and several explanatory factors, including SIZE (P = 0.072), TEMP (P = 0.001), VISUAL (P = 0.027), and BQA (P = 0.104). Miscatch, Vocalization, and Fall all had single associated factors (REGION, P = 0.019; REGION, P = 0.002; VISUAL, P = 0.002, respectively). The VISUAL and TEMP factors had an association with the majority of outcomes. The findings suggest an opportunity for improving handling outcomes, which could be achieved through education and training support regarding the importance of animal handling on-farm. Future work should consider additional aspects of facilities and management that could impact cattle handling outcomes.
11Poetics
Authors: Dowling Sarah 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This review examines five books published in the field of poetics in 2021: Andrea Brady’s Poetry and Bondage: A History and Theory of Lyric Constraint; Tobias Menely’s Climate and the Making of Worlds: Toward a Geohistorical Poetics; Kevin Quashie’s Black Aliveness, or A Poetics of Being; Rachel Zolf’s No One’s Witness: A Monstrous Poetics; and Timothy Yu’s Diasporic Poetics: Asian Writing in the United States, Canada, and Australia. Together, these texts reveal important new directions in historical poetics, and a growing closeness between poetics and Black studies. The chapter is structured under the following headings: 1. Introduction; 2. Historical Poetics; 3. Poetics and Black Studies; 4. Conclusion.
Prolonged Computer Use by Office Workers Induces Ocular Symptoms Associated With Tear Film Alterations and Overexpression of Mucin 5 AC and Catalase
Authors: Saavedra Morales Alejandra , González Díaz Cesar Antonio , Villanueva López Guadalupe Cleva , Padilla Juárez Omar , Luna Torres Ana Laura , Sánchez Monroy Virginia 
Published: August 2022

Objective
The aim of the study was to evaluate office workers for symptoms of computer vision syndrome (CVS) and alterations in the tear film relate to the hours of daily computer use.

Methods
Sixty-seven volunteers were divided into 2 groups: 2 to 6 and 7 to 12 hours of daily computer use. Computer vision syndrome symptoms, tear film stability by tear film break-up time test, and composition of mucin 5 AC, catalase, and IL-6 was assessed by relative gene expression of conjunctival impression cytology samples were examined.

Results
All participants exhibited moderate symptoms of CVS, whereas 90% showed reduced tear film stability. For the 7- to 12-hour (vs 2- to 6-hour) group, these effects were more pronounced and overexpression of mucin 5 AC and catalase was detected.

Conclusions
Prolonged computer use induced an overexpression of mucin 5 AC and catalase and instability of the tear film, associated with ocular symptoms.
Technical Report: Automatic Measurement of Corneal Nerve Fiber Area Using Versatile Software
Authors: Shinji Koichiro , Chikama Taiichiro , Kiuchi Yoshiaki 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

SIGNIFICANCE

In vivo confocal microscopy has become a popular method to observe the details of corneal structures. We consider the area of corneal structures to be a versatile index and have measured the areas of various corneal structures using a commercially available software.

PURPOSE
This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of software used to measure the corneal nerve fiber area.

METHODS
The corneal structures of 11 healthy volunteers were visualized using in vivo confocal microscopy. The image that most clearly depicted the corneal nerve fibers of each participant was selected for analysis. The corneal nerve fiber area was automatically measured by the software. An experienced ophthalmologist then manually measured the corneal nerve fiber area in each image assessed by the software. The Pearson correlation test was used to determine the correlation coefficient between the corneal nerve fiber areas measured automatically and those measured manually. The correlation between the corneal nerve fiber area and the participant's age was also evaluated.

RESULTS
A strong correlation was found between the corneal nerve fiber area measured automatically and the corneal nerve fiber area measured manually (r = 0.98, P = 2.4 × 10−7). The corneal nerve fiber area was not correlated with participant age, regardless of whether the area was measured automatically (r = −0.26, P = .44) or manually (r = −0.13, P = .71).

CONCLUSIONS
The software used in this study automatically measures the corneal nerve fiber area with accuracy similar to that of manual measurement by an experienced ophthalmologist. This software has potential for use in quantifying the areas of various corneal structures.
Applicability of atomic force microscopy to determine cancer-related changes in cells
Authors: Lekka Małgorzata 
Published: August 2022

The determination of mechanical properties of living cells as an indicator of cancer progression has become possible with the development of local measurement techniques such as atomic force microscopy (AFM). Its most important advantage is a nanoscopic character, implying that very local alterations can be quantified. The results gathered from AFM measurements of various cancers show that, for most cancers, individual cells are characterized by the lower apparent Young's modulus, denoting higher cell deformability. The measured value depends on various factors, like the properties of substrates used for cell growth, force loading rate or indentation depth. Despite this, the results proved the AFM capability to recognize mechanically altered cells. This can significantly impact the development of methodological approaches toward the precise identification of pathological cells.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Nanocracks in nature and industry’.
Mutational signatures and increased retrotransposon insertions in Xeroderma Pigmentosum variant skin tumors
Authors: Corradi Camila , Vilar Juliana B. , Buzatto Vanessa C. , de Souza Tiago A. , Castro Ligia P. , Munford Veridiana , De Vecchi Rodrigo , Galante Pedro A. F. , Orpinelli Fernanda , Buzzo José L. , Sotto Mirian N. , Saldiva Paulo , de Oliveira Jocelânio W. , Chaibub Sulamita C. W. , Sarasin Alain , Menck Carlos F. M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractXeroderma Pigmentosum variant (XP-V) is an autosomal recessive disease with an increased risk to develop cutaneous neoplasms in sunlight exposed regions. These cells are deficient in the translesion synthesis DNA polymerase eta. Eleven skin tumors from a genetic cluster of XP-V patients had their exome sequenced. Mutational signatures identified for most tumors were related to ultraviolet exposure, such as C>T transitions targeted to pyrimidine dimers. However, four samples carry different mutational signatures, with C>A mutations associated with tobacco usage. Basal cell carcinomas showed a distinct C>A mutation spectra reflecting a novel mutational signature. Higher levels for retroposon insertions were detected in the XP-V tumors, compared to non-XP skin tumors. The results reveal other possible causes for XP-V tumors and the involvement of polymerase eta in suppressing retrotransposition. The expected high mutation burden, found in most of these tumors, renders these XP patients good candidates for immunotherapy with checkpoint blockers.
“Having a newborn is stressful enough:” Mothers’ experiences during the 2022 Infant Formula Shortage in Washington D.C.
Authors: Sylvetsky Allison C. , Hughes Sarah A. , Moore Hailey R. , Murphy Jeanne , Kuttamperoor Janae T. , Sacheck Jennifer , Smith Emily R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate mothers’ experiences during the 2022 infant formula shortage in the United States and its perceived impacts on infants’ diet and health.MethodsMothers of infants under 8 months old were recruited from Washington D.C. using social media and neighborhood listservs and invited to participate in a virtual study meeting between June 22 and July 14, 2022. Mothers completed a brief survey with questions about their demographic characteristics, infants’ anthropometric characteristics, and infant feeding practices, and participated in an in-depth, qualitative interview about their experiences during the infant formula shortage. Survey data were analyzed using means and frequencies, as appropriate. Qualitative interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, coded, and thematically analyzed.ResultsThe sample (n=28) was predominantly White and highly educated. Five overarching themes were identified, including the shortage had: 1) adverse impacts on mothers’ mental and emotional health; 2) significant financial and intangible costs; and 3) led to changes in infant feeding practices; and, 4) social and family networks were helpful in navigating the shortage; and 5) mothers felt fortunate to have resources to breastfeed and/or obtain formula. Most mothers reported the shortage had not yet detrimentally impacted their infant’s health.ConclusionsEven among highly educated women with access to financial, social, structural resources, the infant formula shortage adversely impacted mothers’ mental and emotional health, and has been costly, in terms of financial and intangible costs. Findings demonstrate the urgent need to develop strategies to support mothers in feeding their infants, especially mothers who may lack the resources to locate and obtain formula.
Agricultural carbon footprint and food security: an assessment of multiple carbon mitigation strategies in China
Authors: Kong Xiangwen , Su Liufang , Wang Heng , Qiu Huanguang 
Published: August 2022

PurposeTo achieve the dual goals of decarbonization and food security, this paper examines China's carbon footprint reduction in 2050 based on current mitigation strategies.Design/methodology/approachConsidering publications as featured evidence, this study develops an investigation of agricultural decarbonization in China. First, the authors summarize the mitigation strategies for agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the existing literature. Second, the authors demonstrate the domestic food production target in 2050 and the projection target's projected life-cycle-based GHG emissions at the commodity level. Lastly, the authors forecast China's emission removal in the agri-food sector in 2050 concerning current mitigation strategies and commodity productions. The authors highlight the extent to which each mitigation strategy contributes to decarbonization in China.FindingsPractices promoting sustainable development in the agri-food sector significantly contribute to GHG emission removal. The authors find mitigation strategies inhibiting future GHG emissions in the agri-food sector comprise improving nitrogen use efficiency in fertilizers, changing food consumption structure, manure management, cover crops, food waste reduction, dietary change of livestock and covered manure. A 10% improvement in nitrogen use efficiency contributes to 5.03% of GHG emission removal in the agri-food sector by 2050. Reducing food waste and food processing from 30% to 20% would inhibit 1.59% of the total GHG emissions in the agri-food sector.Originality/valueThis study contributes to policy discussions by accounting for agricultural direct and indirect emission components and assessing the dynamic changes in those related components. This study also extends existing research by forecasting to which extent the decarbonization effects implemented by current mitigation strategies can be achieved while meeting 2050 food security in China.
The efficiency of healthcare systems in the Arab countries: a two-stage data envelopment analysis approach
Authors: El Husseiny Israa A. 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThis study aims at evaluating the technical efficiency (TE) of healthcare systems in the Arab region and exploring the key factors that affect the efficiency performance.Design/methodology/approachThe study applies a two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach to a sample of 20 Arab countries. In the first stage, a DEA model is used to calculate the TE scores of the examined healthcare systems in 2019 and 2010, following both the output and input orientations of efficiency. In the second stage, a censored Tobit model is estimated to investigate the determinants of healthcare efficiency.FindingsDEA results of 2019 indicate that achievable efficiency gains of the Arab countries range from 0.4% to 16% under the output and input orientations, respectively. Six countries are efficient under both orientations. Although the average efficiency scores of the Arab countries have deteriorated between 2010 and 2019, Djibouti and Sudan had the greatest efficiency improvements between the two years. Bahrain, Mauritania, Morocco and Qatar proved to be efficient in 2010 and 2019 under the two orientations of efficiency and according to the two DEA specifications followed. The Tobit model reveals that corruption and government health expenditure tend to have an adverse impact on healthcare efficiency.Originality/valueThe author evaluates healthcare efficiency and healthcare's efficiency determinants in the Arab countries. Regardless Arab countries' diversity, these countries are facing common health challenges, including diminishing role of governments in healthcare financing; increased out-of-pocket healthcare spending; poor healthcare outputs and prevalence of health inequities resulting from weak governance institutions. Comparing the efficiency of healthcare systems between 2010 and 2019 gives insights on the potential impact of the Arab spring uprisings on healthcare efficiency. Moreover, examining the determinants of healthcare efficiency allows for better understanding of how to improve the efficiency of healthcare systems in the region.
Clinical severity scores as a guide for prediction of initial treatment responses in pemphigus and pemphigoid patients
Authors: Tanaka Ryo , Kurihara Yuichi , Egami Shohei , Saito Yasuko , Ouchi Takeshi , Funakoshi Takeru , Takahashi Hayato , Umegaki‐Arao Noriko , Kubo Akiharu , Tanikawa Akiko , Amagai Masayuki , Yamagami Jun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPemphigus and pemphigoid are autoimmune blistering diseases that affect mucosa and skin. Several clinical scoring systems, including the pemphigus disease area index (PDAI) and the bullous pemphigoid disease area index (BPDAI), have been validated for managing disease activity and severity. Current guidelines recommend that treatment response be evaluated with clinical scores and that additional second‐line therapies be considered if initial treatment is insufficient for disease control. However, there have been few studies analyzing correlations between PDAI/BPDAI transitions and initial treatment effects. To investigate whether PDAI/BPDAI transitions during the treatment initiation phase correlate with initial treatment responses and whether such information can be used as a guide for necessary additional treatment, we retrospectively analyzed 67 pemphigus patients and 47 pemphigoid patients who received initial treatment at Keio University between 2012 and 2018. The clinical symptoms were evaluated weekly with PDAI/BPDAI. The patients were divided into two groups: in group A, disease was controlled only with oral corticosteroids and immunosuppressants (initial treatment), whereas in group B additional therapies were required due to insufficient responses. In pemphigus, the PDAI ratio of day 7/day 0 was significantly reduced in group A compared to group B (0.548 vs 0.761, P < 0.01) after initial treatment had started. In pemphigoid, the ratios of day 7/day 0 of BPDAI (erosion/blister) and BPDAI (urticaria/erythema) significantly decreased in group A compared to group B (0.565 vs 0.901 and 0.350 vs 0.760, respectively, P < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic analyses on PDAI, BPDAI (erosion/blister) and BPDAI (urticaria/erythema) revealed that the cut‐off values in the ratios of day 7/day 0 were 0.762, 0.675, and 0.568, respectively. Our results suggest that PDAI/BPDAI transitions during the initial phase of the treatments may be useful to predict the outcome of the treatment provided and the necessity of additional therapies to achieve disease control.
About two seal‐impressed jars from Tell Abraq (Emirate of Umm al‐Quwain). New evidence for intercultural networks in the lower Arabian Gulf in the late 2nd – beginning of the 1st millennium BC
Authors: Majchrzak Dominika , Esposti Michele Degli 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOngoing excavations at Tell Abraq (Emirate of Umm al‐Quwain, U.A.E.) are revealing new aspects of this multiperiod site, which was occupied from c. 2500 BC to 300 AD. Together with substantial architecture dated to the 2nd and 1st millennia BC, relevant assemblages of archaeological materials are being collected and dated to different phases of the site’s life. Among this material, exceptional is the discovery of two jars bearing the impression of two different cylinder seals, which will be presented here. Seal impressions on any media are extremely rare in the whole of south‐eastern Arabia and strongly indicate a foreign provenance for the jars. Their iconographic study, the fabric and morphological parallels for the jars, and probable chronology will be discussed, as this can highlight transmarine connections during the late 2nd‐first half of the 1st millennium BC, as well as provide new data to address chronological issues in south‐eastern Iran itself.
Care During Pandemic Times: Digital Ethnography with Mental Health Professionals in Equatorial Guinea
Authors: Nvé Díaz San Francisco Carolina 
Published: August 2022

SUMMARYThis article discusses how the COVID‐19 pandemic impacted my anthropological research inquiry of care among mental health professionals at a community shelter and a psychiatric hospital in Equatorial Guinea. The rapidly evolving changes required the methods of digital anthropology, which allowed an understanding of embodiments of care. Under volatile conditions and intersections between the personal and the public, mental health professionals carried and invested care in communities and (re)discovered new challenges and vulnerabilities. Medical agencies revealed symbolic roles, meanings, and qualities of care. This article proposes opportunities for the discipline of public anthropology to serve as a medium for the engagement of collective solutions. [anthropology, mental health care, Equatorial Guinea, COVID‐19]