bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postpartum Psychosis: The Role of Women’s Health Care Providers and the Health Care System
Authors: Stacy Meaghan , Schulkin Jay 
Published: December 2022

Importance
The postpartum period is a time of high risk for serious psychiatric symptoms and hospitalization. Postpartum psychosis (PPP) is the most severe disorder that emerges during this time, with significant and wide-ranging consequences that can include suicide and infanticide.

Evidence Acquisition
A PubMed, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO search was completed for English-language publications about PPP, including subtopics (eg, infanticide, maternal suicide). Citations in these articles were also reviewed for relevant references.

Results
Although it is clear that the triggering event for PPP is childbirth, the processes by which this occurs are not fully understood, which is a critical need for being able to predict, prevent, and manage PPP. There are risk factors that contribute to PPP, and specific groups of women may be at increased risk (eg, women with bipolar disorder). Many questions and challenges remain related to the phenomenology, nosology, prevention, and treatment of PPP. However, there are changes that women's health care providers and systems can take to improve the care of women at risk of and experiencing PPP.

Conclusions and Relevance
Postpartum psychosis is a rare but serious condition. However, recovery is possible. Women's health care providers and systems can improve the care by better understanding the needs of women and families, offering patient-centered discussions and options for care, particularly those that promote recovery, minimize risk, and limit the interruption of the maternal-infant bond. Improving the prevention and treatment of PPP can have a broad impact for women, children, and families.

Target Audience
Obstetricians and gynecologists, family physicians

Learning Objectives
After participating in this activity, readers should be better able to describe risk factors that contribute to the onset of PPP; discuss best practices for preventing and treating PPP; and identify at least one way in which health care providers or health care systems can improve the care offered to women and families who experience PPP.
Changes in Obstetrical Practices and Pregnancy Outcomes Following the ARRIVE Trial
Authors: Gilroy Laura C. , Al-Kouatly Huda B. , Minkoff Howard L. , McLaren Rodney A. 
Published: December 2022

(Abstracted from Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022;226:716.e1–716.e12)
Rising cesarean delivery (CD) rates have been associated with increased rates of maternal and neonatal morbidities. Low-risk, nulliparous people have been the target of efforts to reduce CD rates while optimizing outcomes.
Diagnostic Yield of Exome Sequencing in Fetuses With Multisystem Malformations: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Pauta M. , Martinez-Portilla R. J. , Borrell A. 
Published: December 2022

(Abstracted from Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2022;59:715–722)
Fetal structural anomalies occur in approximately 2.5% of pregnancies, and many of these are identified via ultrasound examination. Following detection of a fetal structural anomaly, chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) is offered.
PET/CT Showing a Case of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Involving the Pleura
Authors: Tang Pan , Zhou Yushan , Tian Rong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We describe a case of Langerhans cell histiocytosis involving the bilateral pleura on FDG PET/CT. Multiple pleural nodules were detected by CT in a 38-year-old woman with chest pain and night sweats. Malignant tumors were suspected. PET/CT showed abnormal FDG uptake in those pleural lesions. No other abnormal foci were seen in the rest of the whole body. A primary pleural disease was considered. Then the histopathologic findings after biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT in Adrenal Schwannoma
Authors: Aggarwal Piyush , Singh Harmandeep , Kumar Rajender , Nada Ritambhra , Bora Girdhar S. , Walia Rama 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Adrenal schwannoma is a rare adrenal incidentaloma. It is a benign tumor arising from the Schwann cells. Differentiating benign from malignant adrenal lesions requires a combination of clinical, biochemical, imaging, and histopathological findings. 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT is one of the sensitive imaging modalities to detect adrenal lesions such as pheochromocytoma. Multiple benign and malignant lesions show somatostatin receptor expression causing a high probability of false-positive findings on somatostatin receptor imaging. We present a case of adrenal incidentaloma positive on 68Ga-DOTANOC PET, which revealed a benign adrenal spindle cell tumor on histopathology.
Metastatic Papillary Thyroid Cancer Mimicking Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Du Bulin , Wang Shu , Liu Yi , Li Yaming , Li Xuena 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) metastasizing to the hypopharynx is extremely rare. Here, we describe FDG PET/CT findings of lesions in the posterior hypopharyngeal wall and left parapharyngeal space in a 58-year-old man who complained of blood in the sputum. The patient had a history of postoperative PTC. Therefore, hypopharyngeal carcinoma with lymph node metastasis was suspected. However, metastasis of PTC was pathologically confirmed after surgery. Hypopharyngeal metastasis of PTC is rare, which should be differentiated from hypopharyngeal carcinoma with metastasis.
Is a Defunctioning Stoma Necessary After Left Colectomy in High-risk Patients for Anastomotic Leak?
Authors: Bouland Tressy , Sabbagh Charles , Allart K Kevin , Pellegrin Alexandra , Regimbeau Jean-Marc 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Left colectomy is associated with a 7% risk of anastomotic leak. In 2011, a prediction score for AL [the colon leakage score (CLS)] was developed. The aim was to evaluate the impact of a defunctioning stoma on AL and its consequences after left colectomy in high-risk patients.

Patients:
From January 2012 to June 2019, high-risk patients who underwent a left colectomy with anastomosis were included in this retrospective, single-center study. Two groups of patients were defined: patients undergoing a left colectomy with an anastomosis without a defunctioning stoma (no-stoma group) and those with a defunctioning stoma (stoma group). The primary endpoint was the rate of anastomotic leakage.

Results:
Ninety-two patients were included in this study. The anastomotic leakage rate was 16.4% in the no-stoma group and 21.6% in the stoma group (P=0.5). A conservative approach was applied to 11.2% in the no-stoma group and 50% in the stoma group (P=0.1). The severe morbidity rate was 14.5% in the no-stoma group and 21.6% in the stoma group (P=0.4). The rate of unplanned admissions was 7% in the no-stoma group and 27% in the stoma group (P=0.01).

Conclusion:
A defunctioning stoma does not appear to reduce the rate of AL in high-risk patients, but its impact on the management of AL remains unclear.
Assessing the Educational Value of YouTube Videos on Major Laparoscopic Liver Resection: A Cross-sectional Study of the Top 20 Most Viewed Laparoscopic Right and Left Hepatectomy Videos
Authors: Goh Nathanael , Chan Kai Siang , Teng Thomas Zheng Jie , Shelat Vishal G. 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Surgical videos uploaded on social media platforms like YouTube augment the learning experience of advanced procedures like major laparoscopic liver resection (LLR). However, because of the heterogeneous quality, the educational value of such videos is unproven. This study assesses the educational value of YouTube’s top 20 most viewed major LLR videos.

Materials and Methods:
The search terms “laparoscopic hemihepatectomy,” “laparoscopic right hepatectomy,” and “laparoscopic left hepatectomy” were searched on YouTube on October 7, 2020. Exclusion criteria were minor hepatectomy, open hepatectomy, live donor right and left hepatectomy, robotic hepatectomy videos, and nonstandard laparoscopic technique. Videos were graded based on adherence to key steps in LLR and compliance to the modified LAParoscopic surgery Video Educational GuidelineS (LAP-VEGaS); 29 of the original 37 consensus statements were used in our study.

Results:
The videos have a median of 7647 views (range: 2675 to 67,449), a median of 34 likes (range: 3 to 67), and a median of 1 dislike (range: 0 to 22). The median duration of major LLR videos was 11.0 minutes (range: 6.38 to 223 min). Majority of the videos had duration of <30 minutes (n=18/20, 90%). There were 14 videos (70%) demonstrating all defined surgical steps. The liver mobilization was shown in 17 videos (75%). Vascular inflow control of hepatic artery and portal vein and vascular outflow control were demonstrated in 18 videos (90%). Parenchymal transection and hemostasis were shown in all videos. The median LAP-VEGaS score across all 20 videos is 6 (range: 1 to 11) out of 29, translating to a median score of 20.6% (range: 3.4% to 37.9%). Thirteen out of 29 of the LAP-VEGaS criteria graded (44.8%) were not met by any of the 20 videos.

Conclusions:
The top 20 most viewed surgical videos on laparoscopic right and left hepatectomy may not be the ideal material for the educational value of surgical trainees. The LAP-VEGaS guidelines are too exhaustive for relevance to social media platforms as an educational tool.
Isolated Appendectomy Technique Without Mesoappendix in Laparoscopic Appendectomy
Authors: Tazeoglu Deniz , Esmer Ahmet C. , Benli Sami 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Laparoscopic appendectomy is among the most common general surgical procedures performed in developed countries. Among the most critical steps in laparoscopic appendectomy is transection of the appendix meso. This study evaluates the postoperative and economic outcomes between total mesoicular excision and isolated (traditional) appendectomy technique during appendix transsection, in line with the patients’ clinicopathologic data.

Materials and Methods:
Patients who were operated on with the diagnosis of acute appendicits in our clinic between October 2021 and January 2022 were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were divided into 2 groups. In the first group, there is the isolated appendectomy technique in which the appendix meso is dissection from the tip of the appendix to the base of the cecum, while in the second group there is the technique in which the appendix meso is dissected from the base of the cecum. In addition, demographic data (age, sex), body mass index, presence of comorbid disease, operation time, postoperative hospital stay, health care costs, appendix size of the patients included in the study were recorded.

Result:
During the study, 157 patients were included in the study. Seventy-one (45.2%) of the patients were in group 1, and 86 (54.8%) were in group 2. There was no difference between the groups regarding age, sex, body mass index, presence of comorbid disease, appendix size, and postoperative hospital stay (P>0.05). However, operation time and health care costs were statistically higher in group 2 than in group 1 (P=0.01).

Conclusion:
Although there was no difference in postoperative complications between the isolated appendectomy technique and the mesoicular technique, the operation time was shorter, and the operation cost was lower in the isolated appendectomy technique.
Is Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Colorectal Lesions Performed in the Endoscopy Suite Safe and Cost Saving?
Authors: Tatar Cihad , Ozgur Ilker , Justiniano Carla F. , Bhatt Amit , Liska David , Hull Tracy , Steele Scott R. , Gorgun Emre 
Published: December 2022

Background:
We aimed to compare the outcomes and the cost differences of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) procedures in the endoscopy suite (ES) versus the operating room (OR).

Materials and Methods:
The procedures in the OR were compared with procedures performed in the ES for demographics, lesion characteristics, procedure outcome, and procedure charges. The study included 163 procedures in the ES and 73 in the OR.

Results:
Both were similar in age, sex, body mass index, and intraprocedural and postoperative 30-day (late) complications. ES cases had significantly greater polyp size, were more commonly right-sided polyps, and had shorter hospital stays, with similar en bloc and margin-negative resection rates. The overall cost ratio of ESD procedures in ES to OR was 0.47 (P<0.001).

Conclusions:
Colorectal ESD procedures performed in the ES have similar efficacy and safety as those in the OR. Procedures performed in the ES were associated with a shorter length of stay and significant periprocedural cost savings.
Bayesian Spatio-temporal prediction and counterfactual generation: an application in non-pharmaceutical interventions in Covid-19
Authors: Lawson Andrew , Rotejanaprasert Chawarat 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe spatio-temporal course of an epidemic (such as Covid-19) can be significantly affected by non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), such as full or partial lockdowns. Bayesian Susceptible-Infected-Removed (SIR) models can be applied to the spatio-temporal spread of infectious disease (STIF) (such as Covid-19). In causal inference it is classically of interest to investigate counterfactuals. In the context of STIF it is possible to use nowcasting to assess the possible counterfactual realization of disease in incidence that would have been evidenced with no NPI. Classic lagged dependency spatio-temporal IF models will be discussed and the importance of the ST component in nowcasting will be assessed. The real example of lockdowns for Covid-19 in two US states during 2020 and 2021 is provided. The degeneracy in prediction in longer time periods is highlighted and the wide confidence intervals characterize the forecasts.
Is apparent digestibility associated with residual feed intake and enteric methane emission in Nellore cattle?
Authors: Gianvecchio Sarah Bernardes , Sakamoto Leandro Sannomiya , Souza Luana Lelis , Benfica Lorena Ferreira , de Oliveira Santos Marcatto Juliana , de Paula Eduardo Marostegan , Canesin Roberta Carilho , dos Santos Gonçalves Cyrillo Joslaine , Albuquerque Lucia Galvão , Mercadante Maria Eugênia Zerlotti 
Published: December 2022

AbstractResidual feed intake (RFI) detects animals that consume less dry matter (DM) adjusted for production and maintenance, and differences in the digestibility may explain differences in RFI among contemporaneous cattle. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between digestibility, RFI, and enteric methane emission in growing Nellore cattle (Bos indicus) divergently classified based on RFI phenotypes and also on RFI breeding value. One hundred twenty-two Nellore cattle submitted to performance testing in two test groups (249±4.33 days of age, and 332±4.22 days of age at the beginning of the test) were classified based on residual feed intake (RFI). A sample of 80 animals classified as low RFI (−0.748±0.076 kg DM/day) or high RFI (0.775±0.075 kg DM/day) was evaluated regarding feed compounds digestibility, fecal excretion, and enteric methane (CH4, g/day) emission. There was no significant difference in feed compounds digestibility between the most and least efficient animals. However, DM intake (6.92 vs. 8.66 kg DM/day) and feed conversion (7.93 vs. 9.42 kg/kg) were lower in low RFI animals. On average, low RFI animals emitted 14.3 g less CH4per day (174 vs. 188 g CH4/day; P=0.02); however, CH4emission expressed as g/kg DM intake (23.1 vs. 20.1; P<0.01) and the percentage of gross energy intake lost as CH4(8.13 vs. 7.08%; P<0.01) were higher in these animals. There are clear benefits (economic and environmental) of using more feed efficient animals in the beef production chain, i.e., animals that exhibit lower feed intake, lower fecal excretion and lower enteric methane emission without differences in weight gain or body weight. Variations in feed efficiency among them cannot be explained by differences in DM or feed compounds digestibility. More efficient animals emit less enteric methane (CH4, g/day) than less efficient animals, probably as a result of lower DMI.
Cell-surface targeting of fluorophores inDrosophilafor rapid neuroanatomy visualization
Authors: Kirk Molly J. , Gold Arya , Ravi Ashvin , Sterne Gabriella R. , Scott Kristin , Miller Evan W. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTVisualizing neuronal anatomy often requires labor-intensive immunohistochemistry on fixed and dissected brains. To facilitate rapid anatomical staining in live brains, we used genetically targeted membrane tethers that covalently link fluorescent dyes forin vivoneuronal labeling. We generated a series of extracellularly trafficked small molecule tethering proteins, HaloTag-CD41and SNAPf-CD4, which directly label transgene expressing cells with commercially available ligand substituted fluorescent dyes. We created stable transgenicDrosophilareporter lines which express extracellular HaloTag-CD4 and SNAPf-CD4 with LexA and Gal4 drivers. Expressing these enzymes in liveDrosophilabrains, we labeled the expression patterns of various Gal4 driver lines recapitulating histological staining in live brain tissue. Pan-neural expression of SNAPf-CD4 enabled registration of live brains to an existing template for anatomical comparisons. We predict that these extracellular platforms will not only become a valuable complement to existing anatomical methods but will also prove useful for future genetic targeting of other small molecule probes, drugs, and actuators.
A Generalized Multinomial Probabilistic Model for SARS-CoV-2 Infection Prediction and Public Health Intervention Assessment in an Indoor Environment
Authors: Li Victor OK , Lam Jacqueline CK , Sun Yuxuan , Han Yang , Chan Kelvin , Wang Shan-shan , Crowcroft Jon , Downey Jocelyn , Zhang Qi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 Omicron has become the predominant variant globally. Current infection models are limited by the need for large datasets or calibration to specific contexts, making them difficult to cater for different settings. To ensure public health decision-makers can easily consider different public health interventions (PHIs) over a wide range of scenarios, we propose a generalized multinomial probabilistic model of airborne infection to systematically capture group characteristics, epidemiology, viral loads, social activities, environmental conditions, and PHIs, with assumptions made on social distancing and contact duration, and estimate infectivity over short time-span group gatherings. This study is related to our 2021 work published in Nature Scientific Reports that modelled airborne SARS-CoV-2 infection (Han, Lam, Li, et al., 2021).1It is differentiated from former works on probabilistic infection modelling in terms of the following: (1) predicting new cases arising from more than one infectious in a gathering, (2) incorporating additional key infection factors, and (3) evaluating the effectiveness of multiple PHIs on SARS-CoV-2 infection simultaneously. Although our results reveal that limiting group size has an impact on infection, improving ventilation has a much greater positive health impact. Our model is versatile and can flexibly accommodate other scenarios by allowing new factors to be added, to support public health decision-making.
Rare variants in SLC34A3 explain missing heritability of urinary stone disease
Authors: Sadeghi-Alavijeh Omid , Chan Melanie MY , Moochhala Shabbir ,   Genomics England Research Consortium, Howles Sarah , Gale Daniel P. , Böckenhauer Detlef 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUrinary stone disease (USD) is a major health burden affecting >10% of the UK population at some time. While stone disease is strongly associated with lifestyle, genetic factors also predispose to USD: common genetic variants at multiple loci from genome-wide association studies account for 5% of the estimated 45% heritability of the disorder. We investigated the extent to which rare genetic variation contributes to the unexplained heritability of USD.Among participants of the UK 100,000 genome project, we identified 374 unrelated individuals assigned diagnostic codes indicative of USD. We performed whole genome gene-based variant burden testing and polygenic risk scoring against a control population of 24,930 genetic ancestry matched controls.We observed (and replicated in an independent dataset) exome-wide significant enrichment (P=2.61×10-07) of monoallelic rare, predicted damaging variants in SLC34A3 (previously associated with autosomal recessive hereditary hypophosphataemic rickets with hypercalciuria) present in 19 (5%) cases compared with 1.6% of controls. The risk of USD with a monoallelic SLC34A3 variant (OR=3.75, 95% CI 2.27-5.91) was greater than the top decile of polygenic risk (OR=2.31, 95% CI 1.12-3.51). Addition of the SLC34A3 variant binary to a linear model including polygenic score increased the estimated variance explained, increasing the liability adjusted pseudo-R2 from 5.1% to 14.2%. We also observed significant association at OR9K2, an olfactory receptor, but this signal was not replicated.In this cohort rare variants in SLC34A3 were the most important genetic risk factor for USD, with levels of pathogenicity intermediate between the fully penetrant rare variants linked with Mendelian disorders and the weaker effects of common variants associated with USD. These findings explain some of the heritability unexplained by prior common variant GWAS.
High proportions of single-nucleotide variations associated with multidrug resistance in swine gut microbial populations
Authors: Feehan Brandi , Ran Qinghong , Monk Kourtney , Nagaraja T. G. , Tokach M. D. , Amachawadi Raghavendra G. , Lee Sonny T M 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant global public health concern associated with millions of deaths annually. Agriculture has been attributed as a leading factor in AMR and multidrug resistance (MDR) associated with swine production estimated as one of the largest agricultural consumers of antibiotics. Therefore, studying and understanding AMR in swine has global relevance. AMR research has received increased attention in recent years. However, we are still building our understanding of genetic variation within a complex gut microbiome system that impacts AMR and MDR. In order to evaluate the gut resistome, we evaluated genetic variation before, during, and after antibiotic treatments. We studied three treatment groups: non-antibiotic controls (C), chlortetracycline (CTC) treated, and tiamulin (TMU) treated. We collected fecal samples from each group and performed metagenomic sequencing for a longitudinal analysis of genetic variation and functions.ResultsWe generated 772,688,506 reads and 81 metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs). Interestingly, we identified a subset of 11 MAGs with sustained detection and high sustained entropy (SDHSE). Entropy described genetic variation throughout the MAG. Our SDHSE MAGs were considered MDR as they were identified prior to, throughout, and after CTC and TMU treatments as well as in the C piglets. SDHSE MAGs were especially concerning as they harbored relatively high variation. Consistently high variation indicated that these microbial populations may contain hypermutable elements which has been associated with increased chance of AMR and MDR acquisition. Our SDHSE MAGs demonstrated that MDR organisms (MDRO) are present in swine, and likely additional hosts contributing to global AMR. Altogether, our study provides comprehensive genetic support of MDR populations within the gut microbiome of swine.