bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theories applicable to corporate climate change disclosure
Authors: Guo Ying , Zhao Joanna (Jingwen) , Yang David C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIncreasing public attention to climate change has led to many studies to investigate the impact of climate change in various fields. However, the topic demands a further thorough examination of the impact of climate change on firms’ accounting behavior, such as firm disclosure. There are currently no mandatory U.S. accounting standards issued by accounting standards‐setting bodies such as the FASB or SEC on reporting the impact of climate change on firms’ business. However, firms have started to report the impact of climate change on a voluntary basis. In order to help academia, professionals, and investors better understand voluntary climate change disclosure, this study surveys theories of corporate accounting disclosure related to corporate social responsibility and environmental reporting, particularly in the areas of voluntary climate change disclosure. This study integrates multi‐dimensional corporate climate change disclosure theories to help future policymakers, investors, and other stakeholders provide appropriate corporate climate disclosure theoretical assistance and respond to the government and society's calls for a low‐carbon economy.
Women of Worth: the impact of a cash plus intervention to enhance attendance and reduce sexual health risks for young women in Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: Naledi Tracey , Little Francesca , Pike Carey , Edwards Harley , Robbertze Dante , Wagner Colleen , London Leslie , Bekker Linda‐Gail 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionConditional cash transfers (CTs) augmented with other interventions are promising interventions for reducing HIV risk in adolescent girls and young women.MethodsA multi‐phase, quasi‐experimental study assessed the impact of a CT (ZAR300; $22) conditional on attending a skills building intervention, Women of Worth (WoW), designed to improve sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes in Cape Town, South Africa from May 2017 to December 2019. The intervention entailed 12 sessions with encouragement to attend adolescent and youth‐friendly health services. Women aged 19–24 years were randomized 1:1 to receive the intervention with a CT (“cash + care” or C+C) or without a CT (“care”). The study included a pilot phase followed by a post‐modification phase with improved uptake and retention without changing programme content or CT. Self‐reported HIV prevalence and SRH/HIV vulnerability were assessed via a self‐administered questionnaire at baseline, after 11 sessions, and 6–30 months’ post‐intervention for a subset. Mixed effect logistic regression models were fitted to estimate within‐subject changes in outcomes.ResultsOf 5116 participants, 904 (452 participants per arm) were in the pilot and 4212 (2039 “care” participants and 2173 “C+C” participants) were in the post modified phase. There were 1867 (85.9%) and 135 (6,6%) participants in the “C+C” group and the “Care,” respectively, that were WoW completers (≥ 11 sessions/retention). During the pilot phase, 194 (42.9%) and 18 (4.0%) participants in “C+C” and the “care” groups were retained. Receiving a CT sustained participation nearly 60‐fold (OR 60.37; 95% CI: 17.32; 210.50, p <0.001). Three‐hundred and thirty women were followed for a median of 15.0 months [IQR: 13.3; 17.8] to assess the durability of impact. Self‐reported new employment status increased more than three‐fold (p <0.001) at WoW completion and was sustained to the longer time point. Intimate partner violence indicators were reduced immediately after WoW, but this was not durable.ConclusionsParticipants receiving CT had sustained participation in an SRH/HIV prevention skills building with improvement in employment and some SRH outcomes. Layered, “young woman centred” programmes to address HIV and SRH risk in young women may be enhanced with CT.
Review of the social and economic dynamics under Colombian mining policy: Cursing the blessing?
Authors: Saldarriaga Isaza Adrián 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper describes the socio‐economic dynamics that, in the Colombian case, underlie the relationship between mining and the territory where it takes place. The description includes the key features of public policy regarding mining, under which mineral resource extraction may have produced unintended effects that raise doubts regarding mining's contribution to Colombian economic development. Under a qualitative approach, I carried out a documentary analysis from which I identified several aspects of the economic and mining policy. The analysis confirms several of the explanations for the so‐called resource curse hypothesis, the connection between these aspects, and of them with specific policy decisions.
Novel L‐shaped drain dual‐gateSiGe MOSFETforhigh‐frequency, low power applications
Authors: Yadav Shekhar , Negi Chandra Mohan Singh 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this work, vertically trenched double gate architecture has been investigated, in which the gates are implemented inside vertical oxide trenches. Besides, a silicon‐germanium channel dual‐gate MOSFET with unconventional L‐shaped drain architecture is proposed to improve device performance further. We have shown that the proposed device is the first‐of‐its‐kind device architecture that controls short channel effects and markedly improves transistor performance. Here, The Atlas 2D device simulator has been used to analyze the performance of the devices. At nanoscaled device dimensions, the proposed L‐shaped DG MOS device demonstrated superior ON current characteristics, higher values of transconductance, larger unity gain cut off frequencies, greaterIontoIoffratios, higher gain, lower parasitic capacitance, greater transconductance to drain conductance ratio, suppressed drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL), and lower subthreshold swing (S.S.), in comparison to the recently presented Double Gate MOS with unconventional side drain architecture. All these intriguing features demonstrated by the proposed transistor structure make it a potential candidate for low‐power, high‐frequency applications.
Enhancement of the relationship between spring extreme precipitation over Southwest China and preceding winter sea surface temperature anomalies over the South Indian Ocean after the late 1980s
Authors: Nan Yating , Sun Jianqi , Zhang Mengqi , Hong Haixu , Nie Yanbo , Yuan Junpeng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSpring extreme precipitation (SEP) significantly disturbs spring ploughing over Southwest China (SWC), bringing challenges for agricultural activities and production over the region. This study investigates the interannual relationship between SWC SEP and sea surface temperature (SST) in preceding winter, from a perspective of prediction. It is found that the dominate mode of SWC SEP interannual variability mainly reflects the variability over the eastern part. The variability of eastern SWC SEP has an enhanced connection with a dipole SST pattern over the South Indian Ocean in preceding winter after the late 1980s. Under the warmer SST background after the late 1980s, the South Indian Ocean dipole SST pattern can lead to significant convection activity over tropical central and western Indian Ocean. The tropical diabatic heating associated with enhanced convection can strengthen the western North Pacific anticyclone, which transports more water vapour to eastern SWC and induces stronger moisture convergence there, providing favourable moisture condition for the SEP occurrence. In addition, the dipole SST pattern can strengthen upward motion over eastern SWC through exiting a meridional circulation, providing a favourable dynamic condition for the SEP occurrence over there. In contrast, under the colder SST background before the late 1980s, the dipole SST pattern‐related convection and atmospheric circulation anomalies are weak over the Indo‐Pacific region. Therefore, the relationship of the dipole SST pattern with SEP over eastern SWC is weak before the late 1980s. The SST signals with one‐season leading could provide valuable source for seasonal prediction of eastern SWC SEP variability after the late 1980s.
Bacteria (E. coli) take up ultrasmall gold nanoparticles (2 nm) as shown by different optical microscopic techniques (CLSM, SIM, STORM)
Authors: Białas Nataniel , Sokolova Viktoriya , van der Meer Selina Beatrice , Knuschke Torben , Ruks Tatjana , Klein Kai , Westendorf Astrid M. , Epple Matthias 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe uptake of fluorescently labeled ultrasmall gold nanoparticles (2 nm) by Gram‐negative Escherichia coli bacteria occurs within 1–3 hours. This was demonstrated by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), structured illumination microscopy (SIM), stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM), and flow cytometry. For imaging, eGFP‐expressing and DsRed2‐expressing E. coli strains were used in addition to non‐fluorescing E. coli strains. Gold nanoparticles were labeled with fluoresceine (FITC), Cy3, and AF647, respectively. Importantly, gold nanoparticles showed no toxicity to the bacteria, indicating a non‐lethal nature of the uptake, that is, not related to cell injury.
Peptide‐assistedsupramolecular polymerization of the anionic porphyrinmeso‐tetra(4‐sulfonatophenyl)porphine
Authors: Kohn Eric M. , Shirley David J. , Hinds Nicole M. , Fry H. Christopher , Caputo Gregory A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractElectronics made from biological materials are desirable for use in medical devices, biosensors, and soft robotics because they have properties inaccessible to current inorganic technologies. Here, a series of cationic peptides were developed to self‐assemble with the anionic porphyrin meso‐tetra(4‐sulfonatophenyl)porphine (TPPS4) into supramolecular light‐harvesting wires known as J‐aggregates were developed. In addition to quantifying the binding events between each peptide and TPPS4, we found co‐incubation with mixed peptides allowed TPPS4to bridge two different peptides at their terminal porphyrin‐binding regions. The J‐aggregates formed on macroscopic scale in near quantitative yield within ~3 h and readily interconverted with the soluble monomers upon cycling the pH; to our knowledge, this is the first report of a peptide‐porphyrin system with such properties. This work has practical and conceptual relevance to the development of new bioelectronic materials.
Driving forces of population change following the Canterbury Earthquake Sequence, New Zealand: A multiscale geographically weighted regression approach
Authors: Colbert Jessie , Sila‐Nowicka Katarzyna , Yao Jing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Canterbury Earthquake Sequence (CES), which includes the 2010 and 2011 Christchurch earthquakes, is one of the deadliest disasters in New Zealand history. Following the CES, displacement of the affected population occurred, leading to an out‐migration from affected areas and changes to places of residence. This paper investigates the spatial changes in population following the CES, using a multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) analysis approach to examine if there is a relationship between population change within the Canterbury region, and potential driving forces across two time periods: 2006–2013 and 2013–2018. The findings of this study could assist in informing future decision making and planning for earthquake events and to increase the effectiveness of land use policy decisions for post‐disaster recovery in New Zealand.
Plombage: A historical image
Authors: Fernandes Sónia da Costa , Patronillo Catarina , Marques Catarina 
Published: June 2022

Key messagePlombage is a historical treatment in which a cavity is created surgically in the upper chest wall and the space is filled with inert material, such as fat, paraffin wax, rubber balloons, oil or methyl‐methacrylate (Lucite) balls, and it also promotes lung collapse.
Asymptotics and statistics on Fishburn matrices: Dimension distribution and a conjecture of Stoimenow
Authors: Hwang Hsien‐Kuei , Jin Emma Yu , Schlosser Michael J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe establish the asymptotic normality of the dimension of large‐size random Fishburn matrices by a complex‐analytic approach. The corresponding dual problem of size distribution under large dimension is also addressed and follows a quadratic type normal limit law. These results represent the first of their kind and solve two open questions raised in the combinatorial literature. They are presented in a general framework where the entries of the Fishburn matrices are not limited to or nonnegative integers . The analytic saddle‐point approach we apply, based on a powerful transformation for ‐series due to Andrews and Jelínek, is also useful in solving a conjecture of Stoimenow in Vassiliev invariants.
Linking institutional quality to environmental sustainability
Authors: Jahanger Atif , Usman Muhammad , Balsalobre‐Lorente Daniel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the influence of democracy, autocracy, and globalization on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in 69 developing countries from 1990 to 2018. We used the unit root approaches to scrutinize the level of stationarity and recognize that all concern variables were unified at first difference. Pedroni and the Kao cointegration methodologies were employed for the detection of long‐run cointegration, and the conclusions discovered the presence of long‐run relationships among variables. Furthermore, this study applied a fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) approach to estimate the long‐run elasticity/coefficients. The outcomes showed that democracy and renewable energy significantly overcome the pressure on the environment. However, financial development and globalization significantly increase environmental damage. Besides, the findings of an interaction term between democracy and globalization significantly reduce the pollution level, and the dampening effect of autocracy and globalization does a similar effect on environmental damage. Besides, an Inverted U‐shaped environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis was verified across the developing world. Additionally, the Feedback hypothesis is discovered between autocracy, democracy, and CO2 emissions. However, the growth hypothesis is revealed from CO2 emissions and globalization to democracy. Finally, this study also suggests some valuable policy suggestions to the governments/policymakers in general/specific regarding the developing world for endorsing their environmental sustainability.
Collaborative biostatistics and epidemiology in academic medical centres: A survey to assess relationships with health researchers and ethical implications
Authors: Devick Katrina L. , Gunn Heather J. , Price Lori Lyn , Meinzen‐Derr Jareen K. , Enders Felicity T. , Perkins Susan M. , Schulte Phillip J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe role of collaborative biostatisticians and epidemiologists in academic medical centres and how their degree type, supervisor type and sex influences recognition and feelings of respect is poorly understood. We conducted a cross‐sectional survey of self‐identified biostatisticians and epidemiologists working in academic medical centres in the United States or Canada. The survey was sent to 341 contacts at 125 institutions who were asked to forward the survey invitation to faculty and staff at their institution and posted on Community sections of the American Statistical Association website. Participants were asked a variety of questions including if they felt pressured to produce specific results, whether they had intellectual and ethical freedom to pursue appropriate use of statistical methods in collaborative research and if they felt their contributions were appropriately recognized by collaborators. We received responses from 314 biostatisticians or related methodologists. A majority were female (59%), had a doctorate degree (52%) and reported to a statistician or biostatistician supervisor (69%). Overall, most participants felt valued by their collaborators, but that they did not have sufficient calendar time to meet deadlines. Doctoral‐level participants reported more autonomy in their collaborations than master's level participants. Females were less likely to feel recognized and respected compared with males. The survey results suggest that while most respondents felt valued by their collaborators, they have too many projects and need more time to critically review research. Further research is needed to understand why response differs by sex and how these responses fluctuate over time.
Pseudo‐multi impulse for simulating critical response of elastic–plastic high‐rise buildings under long‐duration, long‐period ground motion
Authors: Akehashi Hiroki , Takewaki Izuru 
Published: June 2022

SummaryA pseudo‐multi impulse (PMI) is proposed as an extension of the ordinary base‐input multi impulse substituting a long‐duration, long‐period ground motion which can often be simulated by a multi‐cycle sine wave (MSW). PMI is treated as a multitude of impulsive lateral forces and hardly excites the higher‐mode responses of elastic multi‐degree‐of‐freedom (MDOF) models because the undamped fundamental participation vector is adopted as the influence coefficient vector. It is shown that the critical time interval of PMI can be obtained without any repetition. This enables a smart derivation of the critical response. The displacement transfer functions are derived for elastic MDOF models, where two kinds of the influence coefficient vectors are adopted: (1) one at every component (conventional one) and (2) the undamped fundamental‐mode participation vector. It is demonstrated that the critical PMI can efficiently and accurately evaluate the maximum responses under MSW and the critical input period of MSW for elastic–plastic MDOF models. Furthermore, PMI is extended to treat the critical case for the second eigenmode. Finally, the critical PMI is applied to high‐rise buildings for the investigation into the input energy and the cumulative plastic deformation ductility demand.
Reflections on the Principle of Mutual Trust in EU Law and Judicial Dialogue in Europe
Authors: Pellonpää Matti 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe principle of mutual trust plays an important role in EU law, especially in the area of freedom, security and justice. In its Opinion 2/13 on the planned EU accession to the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) considered the draft agreement to be incompatible with EU law, in particular because it did not sufficiently take into account the principle of mutual trust. This chapter examines whether the ECHR is, as suggested by Opinion 2/13, in fact incompatible with EU law and whether this creates an insurmountable obstacle to accession. The chapter argues that the case-law of the two European Courts, rather than confirming such inherent incompatibility, demonstrates a constructive judicial dialogue between them. This is a dialogue in which, in addition to the two supranational Courts, national courts, such as the German Federal Constitutional Court, have given their contribution. While the true nature of the principle of mutual trust in EU law remains subject to debate, close scrutiny reveals it as more of a rebuttable presumption than a full-fledged legal principle. Ultimately, the European and domestic courts involved are shown to have engaged in a useful judicial dialogue that has influenced the shaping of the principle of mutual trust in a manner that can be regarded as satisfactory from the point of view of both the ECHR and the EU.
The European Space Agency’s Contribution to National Space Law
Authors: Tapio Jenni , Soucek Alexander 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe European Space Agency (ESA) represents a mechanism of international cooperation among its Member States and acts as a partner in international space cooperation on a global scale. Carrying out space programmes and operating satellites in outer space, the ESA is a rare example of an intergovernmental organisation that is, from a functional perspective, both a spacecraft developer and an operator, having accumulated unrivalled technical expertise over four decades and having fostered competitiveness through investment in the space industry across its Member States. This chapter explains the way in which the ESA and its Member States interface, de iure and de facto, in law making. Capitalising on the example of Finland and its novel domestic space law (2018), the chapter highlights and explains the process of interaction between an intergovernmental mechanism and a national administration, showing why and how international mechanisms can become facilitators of national law making for the benefit of legislative and executive branches and non-governmental norm-addressees alike.
The FATF and Evolution of Counterterrorism Asset Freeze Laws in the Nordic Countries: We Fought the Soft Law and the Soft Law Won
Authors: Pursiainen Aleksi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Financial Action Task Force (FATF) is an inter-govermental body devoted to developing international standards for combatting money laundering as well as terrorist and proliferation financing. It is particularly known for its profoundly influential “40 Recommendations” and the grueling mutual evaluations to which member governments periodically subject each other. Despite the non-binding “soft law” nature of its Recommendations, the FATF has had an immense impact on the development of domestic laws in jurisdictions around the world. Some have sought to explain the FATF’s powers through its ability to penalize non-compliant jurisdictions through a “blacklisting” mechanism, while others have emphasized the softer, persuasive powers a co-operative expert organization can have on its members. This chapter explores the historical development of a particularly contentious FATF Recommendation on counterterrorism asset freezes and its implementation in the Nordic countries to provide a detailed example of how the FATF influences individual states—and how individual states, in turn, may influence the FATF.
A Quantile-Based Watermarking Approach for Distortion Minimization
Authors: Pérez Gort Maikel Lázaro , Olliaro Martina , Cortesi Agostino 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDistortion-based watermarking techniques embed the watermark by performing tolerable changes in the digital assets being protected. For relational data, mark insertion can be performed over the different data types of the database relations’ attributes. An important goal for distortion-based approaches is to minimize as much as possible the changes that the watermark embedding provokes into data, preserving their usability, watermark robustness, and capacity. This paper proposes a quantile-based watermarking technique for numerical cover type focused on preserving the distribution of attributes used as mark carriers. The experiments performed to validate our proposal show a significant distortion reduction compared to traditional approaches while maintaining watermark capacity levels. Also, positive achievements regarding robustness are visible, evidencing our technique’s resilience against subset attacks.