bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Champions and Traditional Technocrats: The Role of Environmental Value Orientation in Stormwater Management
Authors: Turner V. Kelly , Gmoser‐Daskalakis Kyra , Costello David M. , Jefferson Anne , Bhaskar Aditi S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe paper examines relationships between stormwater control measure (SCM) priorities and environmental value orientations among stormwater managers in Cleveland, Ohio and Denver, Colorado, metro regions with contrasting environmental conditions and policy contexts. While studies show that governance explains differences in broad SCM priorities, less is known about what motivates individual “street level bureaucrats” who influence decisions at the project level. Drawing from cognitive social science perspectives, this study surveyed stormwater professionals (n = 185) about primary and co‐benefit SCM priorities and environmental value orientation. Results revealed different primary SCM priorities by region: Cleveland and Denver respondents prioritized quantity and quality goals, respectively, reflecting regional context. Co‐benefit priorities correlated to two environmental value orientation clusters — “Traditional Technocrats” with relatively anthropocentric orientations and “Champions” with relatively ecocentric orientations — who were equally abundant in both regions. Findings suggest that environmental value orientation influences co‐benefit priorities, which may have implications for project level articulation of policy.
Improved survival of viral hepatocellular carcinoma but not non‐viral hepatocellular carcinoma from 2000 to 2020: A multi‐centre cohort study of 6007 patients from high‐volume academic centres in Japan
Authors: Toyoda Hidenori , Kariyama Kazuya , Hiraoka Atsushi , Tsuji Kunihiko , Ishikawa Toru , Hatanaka Takeshi , Naganuma Atsushi , Yasuda Satoshi , Nouso Kazuhiro , Kakizaki Satoru , Kumada Takashi , Innes Hamish , Johnson Philip J. 
Published: June 2022

SummaryBackgroundWhile surveillance improves the early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it is unclear whether this has improved prognosis in clinical practice.AimsTo investigate the characteristics and prognoses of patients with viral versus non‐viral HCC over the previous two decades in Japan, while HCC surveillance has been active.MethodsThis multi‐centre study enrolled 6007 patients initially diagnosed with HCC between 2000 and 2020 at seven high‐volume academic centres. Patients were categorised based on dates of diagnosis: 2000–2006, 2007–2013 and 2014–2020. HCC characteristics and post‐diagnosis survival rates were compared between periods in patients with viral and non‐viral HCC.ResultsThe percentage of patients with non‐viral HCC increased during the study period. The maximal tumour size and percentage of patients with multinodular HCC decreased significantly over time in the viral HCC group but remained unchanged in the non‐viral HCC group. Liver function at diagnosis improved over time in both groups, but to a greater extent in the viral HCC group. Survival rates increased significantly with time in the viral HCC group, but not in the non‐viral HCC group.ConclusionsThe prevalence of non‐viral HCC is increasing. Although the survival of patients with viral HCC improved significantly over the past two decades, there was no improvement in patients with non‐viral HCC. This was presumably due mainly to lower surveillance among patients with non‐viral HCC and failure to diagnose early‐stage HCC.
Rewilding: An emotional nature
Authors: Wynne‐Jones Sophie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRewilding is an emotional subject. It inspires passions and argument in spades. As a form of conservation, rewilding offers exciting possibilities to address ecological crises but it is also a threat for many people, leading to dispute and impasse. This paper explores the role emotions play both to inspire rewilding and in the ensuing conflicts. Informed by emotional geographies and feminist political ecology, the analysis attends to the socio‐cultural differences underpinning emotional response and argues that emotions need to be taken seriously to better understand the socio‐natural processes underway. Unravelling the work that emotions do, the experience of joy, arising from time spent in nature, is seen to initiate a desire for rewilding amongst activists. By contrast, for opponents, rewilding prompts a sense of anger, which arises in response to a perceived threat to their identity as farmers and associated feelings of vulnerability. Critically, this vulnerability often remains occluded by the dominance of anger within debates, which explains why conflict has become so intractable. However, by attending to the full register of emotions at work, including those that are not always surfaced, and by better understanding the basis of such emotions, an avenue towards greater empathy is proposed.
Going beyond bibliometrics: A system to track the progress and impact of biomedical research funded by Susan G. Komen
Authors: Dworkin Amy M. , Reffey Stephanie , Wojtanik Kari 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTraditional metrics used to assess the outcomes and impact of biomedical research, such as publications, citations, and follow‐up grant funding, do not measure the impact on changes in health practice (standard of care), policy, guidelines, or other societal outcomes and may not be meaningful to stakeholders, such as patients, donors, or the public. Susan G. Komen has developed a research product tracking system to monitor the progress of Komen‐funded research products along the research pipeline and to measure the potential impact on patients more directly. In the Komen Product Tracking System, each funded grant is classified by product potential (e.g., treatment, biomarker, etc.) and by stage in the research pipeline (e.g., basic research, preclinical research, clinical trials, and regulatory approval/commercialization). Progress through the research pipeline is updated each year while the grant is active. The Komen Product Tracking System can be used to assess outcomes and the impact of Komen‐funded research in several ways: by viewing snapshots at a given time to understand what research products are in the pipeline at that time and what stages they are in, viewing new products added during a defined funding period and, most importantly, assessing how many products have progressed in the research pipeline and have contributed to, or have potential to contribute to, practice changes that result in direct impacts on patients. The tracking system enables us to communicate the impact of our research to our donors, patients, the public, and other stakeholders in a more meaningful way.
Directional asymmetry and direction‐giving factors: Lessons from flowers with complex symmetry
Authors: Budečević Sanja , Manitašević Jovanović Sanja , Vuleta Ana , Tucić Branka , Klingenberg Christian Peter 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDirectional asymmetry is a systematic difference between the left and right sides for structures with bilateral symmetry or a systematic differentiation among repeated parts for complex symmetry. This study explores factors that produce directional asymmetry in the flower ofIris pumila, a structure with complex symmetry that makes it possible to investigate multiple such factors simultaneously. The shapes and sizes of three types of floral organs, the falls, standards, and style branches, were quantified using the methods of geometric morphometrics. For each flower, this study recorded the compass orientations of floral organs as well as their anatomical orientations relative to the two spathes subtending each flower. To characterize directional asymmetry at the whole‐flower level, differences in the average sizes and shapes according to compass orientation and relative orientation were computed, and the left–right asymmetry was also evaluated for each individual organ. No size or shape differences within flowers were found in relation to anatomical position; this may relate to the terminal position of flowers inIris pumila, suggesting that there may be no adaxial–abaxial polarity, which is very prominent in many other taxa. There was clear directional asymmetry of shape in relation to compass orientation, presumably driven by a consistent environmental gradient such as solar irradiance. There was also clear directional asymmetry between left and right halves of every floral organ, most likely related to the arrangement of organs in the bud. These findings indicate that different factors are acting to produce directional asymmetry at different levels. In conventional analyses not recording flower orientations, these effects would be impossible to disentangle from each other and would probably be included as part of fluctuating asymmetry.
Updated Trewartha climate classification with four climate change scenarios
Authors: Valjarević Aleksandar , Milanović Miško , Gultepe Ismail , Filipović Dejan , Lukić Tin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Updated Trewartha climate classification (TWCC) at global level shows the changes that are expected as a consequence of global temperature increase and imbalance of precipitation. This type of classification is more precise than the Köppen climate classification. Predictions included the increase in global temperature (T in °C) and change in the amount of precipitation (PA in mm). Two climate models MIROC6 and IPSL‐CM6A‐ LR were used, along with 4261 meteorological stations from which the data on temperature and precipitation were taken. These climate models were used because they represent the most extreme models in the CMIP6 database. Four scenarios of climate change and their territories were analysed in accordance with the TWCC classification. Four scenarios of representative concentration pathway (RCP) by 2.6, 4.5, 6.0 and 8.5 W/m2 follow the increase of temperature between 0.3°C and 4.3°C in relation to precipitation and are being analysed for the periods 2021–2040, 2041–2060, 2061–2080 and 2081–2100. The biggest extremes are shown in the last grid for the period 2081–2100, reflecting the increase of T up to 4.3°C. With the help of GIS (geographical information systems) and spatial analyses, it is possible to estimate the changes in climate zones as well as their movement. Australia and South East Asia will suffer the biggest changes of biomes, followed by South America and North America. Climate belts to undergo the biggest change due to such temperature according to TWCC are Ar, Am, Aw and BS, BW, E, Ft and Fi. The Antarctic will lose 11.5% of the territory under Fi and Ft climates within the period between 2081 and 2100. The conclusion is that the climates BW, Bwh and Bwk, which represent the deserts, will increase by 119.8% with the increase of T by 4.3°C.
Fiber reinforced porous (La1/5Nd1/5Sm1/5Gd1/5Yb1/5)2Zr2O7 ceramics with enhanced compressive strength
Authors: Liu De‐Bao , Shi Bao‐Lu , Wang Yi‐Guang , Xu Bao‐Sheng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this work, we have prepared a novel yttria‐stabilized zirconia fiber (YSZf)‐reinforced (La1/5Nd1/5Sm1/5Gd1/5Yb1/5)2Zr2O7 porous ceramics (YSZf/(5RE1/5)2Zr2O7 PCs) through a foam‐gelcasting‐freeze drying process. The microstructure, phase composition, density, porosity, thermal conductivity, and compressive strength of the as‐prepared YSZf/(5RE1/5)2Zr2O7 PCs were systematically investigated. In addition, the high‐temperature thermal cycle stability and thermally insulating property of the samples were also tested. The results indicated that the as‐synthesized YSZf/(5RE1/5)2Zr2O7 PCs (with 25 wt% YSZ fibers) exhibited high porosity, high compressive strength, low thermal conductivity as well as low thermal cycling shrinkage. This work demonstrated that the added YSZ fiber can remarkably improve the strength of (5RE1/5)2Zr2O7 PCs with the high porosity, and as‐developed YSZf/(5RE1/5)2Zr2O7 PCs would be an excellent candidate for high‐temperature thermal insulator materials.
Enhanced insulation and piezoelectric properties of 0.57(Bi0.8La0.2)FeO3‐0.43PbTiO3 solid solutions with Fe addition
Authors: Wang Yongchen , Jia Fanhao , Jiao Zhixiang , Jian Jie , Chen Jianguo , Wang Yan , Cheng Jinrong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract0.57(Bi0.8La0.2)FeO3‐0.43PbTiO3‐x mol%Fe2O3 ceramics (BLF‐PT‐xFe, x = 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.125, and 0.25) were prepared by the conventional solid‐state reaction method. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) reveals that all samples display the perovskite structure with a coexistence of tetragonal (T) phase and rhombohedral (R) phase, while the incorporation of Fe promotes the phase transition from T to R. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that all samples are well crystallized and their grain size increases noticeably with the increase of Fe content. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results indicate that Fe doping significantly inhibits the formation of oxygen vacancies, thereby improving insulation of BLF‐PT‐xFe ceramics. Interestingly, the Curie temperature of BLF‐PT‐xFe is around 330°C, little changing with the variation of Fe content. However, the depolarization temperatures of BLF‐PT ceramics with Fe are 50°C higher than that of the sample without Fe doping. The hopping of second ionized oxygen vacancies are the major carriers in the temperature range of 200°C–500°C. The optimal component of BLF‐PT‐xFe ceramics appear at x = 0.05, where the dielectric loss tanδ, AC resistivity (200°C), and piezoelectric coefficient d33 could be 0.015, 7 × 106 Ω cm, and 245 pC/N, respectively. All these results indicate that the Fe addition is an effective method to enhance dielectric and piezoelectric properties.
Influences of crystallization temperature on the structure, dielectric, and energy storage characteristics of KBaSrNb5O15‐based glass–ceramics
Authors: Qin Yaoyi , Luo Feng , Geng Xile , Xing Junhao , Shang Fei , Chen Guohua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGlass–ceramics capacitors have great application potential in pulsed power systems, due to ultrafast discharge speed and high dielectric breakdown strength (BDS). Here, lead‐free niobate glass–ceramic dielectric materials were synthesized, and the effects of heat treatment temperature on the dielectric, ferroelectric, and energy storage properties of glass–ceramics were investigated comprehensively. The results exhibit that the dielectric permittivity first increases and then decreases as the crystallinity increases; however, the dielectric BDS diminishes. At the optimum crystallization temperature of 740°C, the maximum value of discharge energy density is 2.2 J/cm3 at 600 kV/cm, which is about 7.6 times that of mother glass. Furthermore, an ultrahigh power density of about 380.9 MW/cm3 and ultrafast discharge speed of about 11.2 ns were achieved simultaneously. Meanwhile, great thermal stability of charge–discharge property was verified in this glass–ceramics. According to P–E loops and dielectric test result, a high dielectric constant (∼207) and low dielectric loss (<0.005) as well as high energy storage efficiency of about 94.9% were achieved for G740 sample. The previous results make the obtained glass–ceramic as potential candidates in dielectric capacitors.
Reliability in assessment centres depends on general and exercise performance, but not on dimensions
Authors: Jackson Duncan J. R. , Michaelides George , Dewberry Chris , Nelson Jo , Stephens Catherine 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study contributes to the literature on assessment centre (AC) measurement structure by evaluating whether dimension, exercise or mixed‐model theoretical perspectives are supported by reliability outcomes. In a large‐scale study (Ncandidates = 2917) utilizing Bayesian generalizability theory, we tested reliability estimates configured to conform to dimension, exercise or mixed‐model perspectives. Our findings reveal that reliability outcomes for AC ratings greatly depend on the measurement intentions of the researcher. When this intent aligned with the traditional dimension perspective, we found evidence that reliability was unacceptably low (mean reliability = .38, SD = .15). However, when the intent aligned with the exercise perspective, we found evidence that reliability exceeded acceptable criteria (mean reliability = .91, SD = .09). The addition of dimension‐ to exercise‐related effects to reflect a mixed‐model perspective did not make an appreciable difference to reliability.
EDESIA: Plants, Food and Health: A cross‐disciplinary PhD programme from crop to clinic
Authors: Clark Ian M. , Cassidy Aedin , Heppleston Audrey , Bal Mark , Morgan Yvie , Nicklin Alicia , Yue Yang , Zardkoohi Aryana , Martin Cathie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn an era where preventive medicine is increasingly important due to an ageing population and rising obesity, optimised diets are key to improving health and reducing risk of ill health. The Wellcome Trust‐funded, EDESIA: Plants, Food and Health: a cross‐disciplinary PhD programme from Crop to Clinic (218 467/Z/19/Z) focuses on investigating plant‐based nutrition and health, from crop to clinic, drawing on the world‐class interdisciplinary research expertise of partner institutions based on the Norwich Research Park (University of East Anglia, John Innes Centre, Quadram Institute and Earlham Institute). Through a rotation‐based programme, EDESIA PhD students will train in a wide range of disciplines across the translational pathway of nutrition research, including analyses of epidemiological datasets, assessment of nutritional bioactives, biochemical, genetic, cell biological and functional analyses of plant metabolites, in vitro analyses in tissue and cell cultures, investigation of efficacy in animal models of disease, investigation of effects on composition and functioning of the microbiota and human intervention studies. Research rotations add a breadth of knowledge, outside of the main PhD project, which benefits the students and can be brought into project design. This comprehensive PhD training programme will allow the translation of science into guidelines for healthy eating and the production of nutritionally improved food crops, leading to innovative food products, particularly for prevention and treatment of chronic diseases where age is a major risk factor. In this article, we summarise the programme and showcase the experiences of the first cohort of students as they start their substantive PhD projects after a year of research rotations.
The consequences of climate change for dryland biogeochemistry
Authors: Osborne Brooke B. , Bestelmeyer Brandon T. , Currier Courtney M. , Homyak Peter M. , Throop Heather L. , Young Kristina , Reed Sasha C. 
Published: June 2022

SummaryDrylands, which cover > 40% of Earth's terrestrial surface, are dominant drivers of global biogeochemical cycling and home to more than one third of the global human population. Climate projections predict warming, drought frequency and severity, and evaporative demand will increase in drylands at faster rates than global means. As a consequence of extreme temperatures and high biological dependency on limited water availability, drylands are predicted to be exceptionally sensitive to climate change and, indeed, significant climate impacts are already being observed. However, our understanding and ability to forecast climate change effects on dryland biogeochemistry and ecosystem functions lag behind many mesic systems. To improve our capacity to forecast ecosystem change, we propose focusing on the controls and consequences of two key characteristics affecting dryland biogeochemistry: (1) high spatial and temporal heterogeneity in environmental conditions and (2) generalized resource scarcity. In addition to climate change, drylands are experiencing accelerating land‐use change. Building our understanding of dryland biogeochemistry in both intact and disturbed systems will better equip us to address the interacting effects of climate change and landscape degradation. Responding to these challenges will require a diverse, globally distributed and interdisciplinary community of dryland experts united towards better understanding these vast and important ecosystems.
Loss of pod strings in common bean is associated with gene duplication, retrotransposon insertion and overexpression of PvIND
Authors: Parker Travis A. , Cetz Jose , de Sousa Lorenna Lopes , Kuzay Saarah , Lo Sassoum , Floriani Talissa de Oliveira , Njau Serah , Arunga Esther , Duitama Jorge , Jernstedt Judy , Myers James R. , Llaca Victor , Herrera‐Estrella Alfredo , Gepts Paul 
Published: June 2022

Summary

Fruit development has been central in the evolution and domestication of flowering plants. In common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), the principal global grain legume staple, two main production categories are distinguished by fibre deposition in pods: dry beans, with fibrous, stringy pods; and stringless snap/green beans, with reduced fibre deposition, which frequently revert to the ancestral stringy state. Here, we identify genetic and developmental patterns associated with pod fibre deposition.

Transcriptional, anatomical, epigenetic and genetic regulation of pod strings were explored through RNA‐seq, RT‐qPCR, fluorescence microscopy, bisulfite sequencing and whole‐genome sequencing.

Overexpression of the INDEHISCENT (‘PvIND’) orthologue was observed in stringless types compared with isogenic stringy lines, associated with overspecification of weak dehiscence‐zone cells throughout the pod vascular sheath. No differences in DNA methylation were correlated with this phenotype. Nonstringy varieties showed a tandemly direct duplicated PvIND and a Ty1‐copia retrotransposon inserted between the two repeats. These sequence features are lost during pod reversion and are predictive of pod phenotype in diverse materials, supporting their role in PvIND overexpression and reversible string phenotype.

Our results give insight into reversible gain‐of‐function mutations and possible genetic solutions to the reversion problem, of considerable economic value for green bean production.
DKK3/CKAP4 axis is associated with advanced stage and poorer prognosis in oral cancer
Authors: Katase Naoki , Kudo Kodai , Ogawa Kazuhiro , Sakamoto Yae , Nishimatsu Shin‐ichiro , Yamauchi Akira , Fujita Shuichi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe previously reported that dickkopf WNT signaling inhibitor 3 (DKK3) would modulate malignant potential of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) via activating Akt. Recently, cytoskeleton associated protein 4 (CKAP4) functions as receptor of DKK3, which activates Akt in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, but its expression and function in OSCC were unclear.MethodsWe studied DKK3 and CKAP4 protein expression in OSCC tissue and investigated the correlation between protein expression and clinical data. We also investigated whether antibodies (Ab) for DKK3 or CKAP4 could suppress malignant potential of the cancer cells.ResultsDKK3/CKAP4 protein expression was observed in majority of OSCC cases and was associated with significantly higher T‐stage and TNM stage. Multivariate analysis revealed that DKK3 and CKAP4 were independent prognostic biomarkers for overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS), respectively. Survival analyses revealed that DKK3‐positive cases and CKAP4‐positive cases showed significantly shorter OS and DFS, respectively, and that DKK3/CKAP4 double‐negative cases showed significantly favorable prognosis. Both anti‐DKK3Ab and anti‐CKAP4Ab could suppress cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.ConclusionDKK3/CKAP4 axis is thought to be important in OSCC, and it would be a promising therapeutic target.