bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spring Control of Northern Masked Chafer Grurs on a Golf Course Rough in Dillsrurg, Pa., 1987
Authors: Heller P. R. , Kellogg S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The rough consisted primarily of annual bluegrass (60%), Kentucky bluegrass (30%), and perennial ryegrass (10%). Treatment plots were 9 × 6 ft, arranged in a randomized complete block design and replicated 3 times. Liquid formulations were applied by using a C02 sprayer with 4 8004VS Teejet nozzles mounted on a 6-ft boom, operating at 28 psi and delivering 5 gal/1000 sq ft. Three Diazinon treatments were applied in a split application; 2 lb (AI)/acre of each formulation was applied on the 28 April and again 7 days later (5 May). At treatment time (28 April), the following soil and environmental conditions existed; air temperature, 48°F; soil temperature, 58°F; RH 68%; amount of thatch, 0.25-0.75 inches; soil type, silt loam; soil size separation, 16.2% sand, 63.6% silt, 20.2% clay; % soil moisture, 18.0; soil pH 5.3; % organic matter, 2.9; water pH, slightly acidic; 1.5 inches of rainfall was recorded over the posttreatment period. The following conditions existed on 5 May for the second split application of Diazinon treatments: air temperature, 63°F; soil temperature 54°F; RH, 64%. The experimental area was irrigated immediately after treatment with 0.25 inches of water. Posttreatment counts were made 24 days later (22 May). Three sq ft sod samples were randomly taken from each replicate, and the total number of northern masked chafer grubs/sq ft was recorded. An average of 8.0 northern masked chafer grubs/sq ft was recorded on 28 April.
Laboratory Screening of Potential Ovicides Against Beet Armyworm, 1987
Authors: Warkentin D. , Harris M. , Begley J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Eggs of known ages (24 and 72 h old) were collected onto strips of Parafilm M from colony-reared moths in mating and oviposition cages. Small sections of Parafilm containing eggs were dipped in test dilutions and allowed to air dry. There were 4 replicate sections/treatment level; 10-31 eggs/section. The treated eggs were held in Petri dishes under 12:12 (L:D) photoperiod and 75-85°F laboratory conditions. Percent hatch was determined when untreated eggs reached 100% eclosion or showed no further increase. The data were transformed by arcsin p prior to a 1-way analysis of variance.
Laboratory Bioassay of Tempo 2Ec Against Beet Armyworm, 1987
Authors: Warkentin D. , Harris M. , Begley J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Second-instar larvae were reared on artificial diet in a laboratory colony, 9 generations removed from field-collected moths. The test larvae were treated either by Hamilton syringe (topical application of 1 u,l to the dorsa' thorax) or by spray atomizer (contact mist) and then incubated for 48 h under 12:12 (L:D) photoperiod and 75-85°F within individual 1-oz creamer cup&gt;; containing fresh artificial diet. For each application method there were 3 replicate sets/treatment level; 10 larvae/set. Mortality data were transformed h, arcsin p prior to 1-way analysis of variance.
Control of Thrips in Open Rlooms of Chrysanthemum, 1987
Authors: Warkentin D. , Harris M. , Begley J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Finished chrysanthemum pots (white blooms) were maintained in a greenhouse and inoculated with thrips collected locally from rose flowers. The thrips population was allowed to establish for 14 days, then 4 replicate pots were assigned to each treatment level. Three sprays were applied with a hand-pressurized pump applicator at 7-day intervals beginning 25 Jun. Application volume was 200 gal/acre. Evaluations were performed 4-7 days after each spray by randomly selecting 3 blooms from each replicate pot and extracting live, immature stages of thrips with Berlese funnels. Extraction time was 2 h/sample.
Hairy Chinch Bug Control on a Home Lawn in Somerset, Pa., 1987
Authors: Heller P. R. , Kellogg S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The lawn consisted primarily of fine leafed fescue. Treatment plots were 5 × 6 ft, arranged in a randomized complete block design and replicated 3 times. Liquid formulations were applied by using a CO2 sprayer with four 8004VS Teejet nozzles mounted on a 6-ft boom, operating at 28 psi, and delivering 5 gal/1000 sq ft. At treatment time, the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 82°F; soil temperature, 79°F; RH, 65%; amount of thatch, 0.25 inches; soil type, silty clay loam; soil size separation, 16.2% sand, 51.6% silt, 32.2% clay; soil moisture, 10.2%; soil pH 6.3; organic matter, 3.4%; water pH, slightly acidic; 1.8 inches of rainfall was recorded over the posttreatment period. Posttreatment counts were made 4 Aug, 9 days after the initial treatment. Hairy chinch bugs were sampled by driving a & inch-diam stainless steel cylinder into the turf, filling it with water, and counting the number of chinch bug nymphs and adults floating to the surface during a 10-min period. Three floatation samples were randomly taken from each replicate, and the total number of chinch bugs from each sample was recorded and converted to a sq-ft count.
Control of Cuban Laurel Thrips on Ficus Nitida, Gardena, Calif., 1987
Authors: Robb Karen L. , Paine Timothy D. , Malinoski Mary K. , Virzi Judy K. , Parrella Michael P. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cuban laurel thrips feeding on young Ficus nitida leaves cause the leaves to discolor and roll into a leaf gall. All galls were stripped from container-grown trees prior to treatment. Treatments were applied when new galls appeared, 29 May. Galled leaves were counted at 2-wk intervals following treatment. All galled leaves were removed after 8 wk, returned to the laboratory, and checked for eggs, immatures, and adults.
Potentilla, Twospotted Spider Mite Control on Container-Grown Plants, 1985
Authors: Nielsen D. G. , Dunlap M. J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Potentilla (30 cm high) growing in containers were obtained from a nursery in Lake County, Ohio, and brought to Wooster for evaluation of pesticides against twospotted spider mite. Infested plants were selected randomly and placed in groups of 4 single-plant replicates/treatment. Applications were made with a COa compression sprayer at 40 psi with a single Teejet SS8004 flat-fan nozzle delivering 250 ml of finished spray (to run-off) to each plant. Sprays were applied 27 Aug under sunny skies at 24°C; wind 15 km/h. Treatments were evaluated 3 Sep by removing 5 10- to 15-cm-long terminal shoots from each plant. Samples were processed by passing them through a mite brush 6 times to dislodge mites to a rotating glass plate covered with Tween-20. Dislodged mites were counted with the aid of a binocular dissecting microscope.
Evaluating Foliar Sprays for Controlling Birch Leafminers on Birch, Wayne County, Ohio, 1985
Authors: Nielsen D. G. , Dunlap M. J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Efficacy of selected insecticides was evaluated against birch leafminer on 4- to 5-m-tall birch trees growing in an experimental plot under standard nursery management conditions at the Ohio State University Agricultural Research and Development Center near Wooster. Sprays were applied to 4 single-tree replicates/treatment using a KWH backpack mistblower operating at 0.5 throttle and aperture setting 4 delivering 950 ml of finished spray to each tree. Trees were sprayed 23 Apr under sunny skies at 18°C with no wind. Treatment effectiveness was evaluated on 8 and 22 May by counting the number of mined leaves for the first 10 leaves from the apex of 4 lateral twigs on each replicate tree.
Efficacy of Insecticides Against Eastern Tent Caterpillar on Common Choke Cherry, Wayne County, Ohio, 1986
Authors: Nielsen D. G. , Dunlap M. J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Choke cherry, growing along roadsides, having at least 1 active nest of eastern tent caterpillar were used to evaluate insect growth regulators (IGRs). A KWH backpack mistblower operating at 0.5 throttle at aperture setting 3 was used to deliver 600 ml of finished spray to the dominant tent and surrounding foliage in each of 3 single-tree replicates/treatment. The sky was cloudy, temperature was 24°C, and there were gusty winds of 24-32 km/h during application on 7 May when larvae were 15-30 mm long. Treatment effectiveness was evaluated 2, 5, 7, and 14 days posttreatment by visually examining each nest for condition of larvae.
Control of Nantucket Pine Tip Moth on Loblolly Pine, 1987
Authors: Gladin Jodie , Price Richard , Pinkston Ken 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A test was conducted on loblolly pines at the OSU Horticulture Research Nursery in Stillwater. Field-grown pines, 7 to 8 ft tall, were treated on 15 Jun. Treatments were made with a FMC DM 010 sprayer, and the trees were sprayed at 350 psi until runoff. Temperature and wind velocity were 93°F and 0-5 mph, respectively. Treatments were replicated 3 times in a randomized complete block design with 3 trees/replicate. Larval infestations were evaluated by sampling 20 damaged terminals/tree at 14 and 21 DAT.
Efficacy of Wasp and Hornet Aerosol Formulations for Nest Treatment of Polistes Wasps, 1986 and 1987
Authors: Wagner R. E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The efficacy of 3 proprietary and 5 experimental wasp and hornet aerosol products was evaluated for control of a typical paper wasp species. Tests were performed on 3 dates: at Redlands, Calif., on 8 Aug '86; at Capay, Calif, on 15 Jul '87; and Redlands on 4 Sep '87. Nests beneath the eaves of residential buildings or on other structures or in shrubs or trees were treated. The nests ranged in size from 25 mm diam with only 3 wasps present to 80 mm diam with up to 60 wasps present. Each treatment series contained 5 nests with small, medium, and large nests assigned nearly equally to each treatment. Since active wasps are more difficult to knock down than torpid ones, treatments were applied during daylight hours, when temperatures averaged 34°C, rather than at night as normally is recommended. Each nest was sprayed until all wasps present had been contacted and the comb was wetted, then knockdown efficacy was recorded. Delivery rate for each formulation was determined by weighing each can after 2-s sprays, which were repeated until the product was expended. Average delivery rate was calculated for each product.
Horn and Face Fly Control on Pastured Reef Cattle with Insecticidal Eartag Preparations, 1987
Authors: Cilek J. , Webb J. , Knapp F. W. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Various cattle eartags designed for horn and face fly control were evaluated under field conditions for their efficacy. All herds tested were cow/calf operations located in central and western Kentucky where resistance is becoming more prominent in cattle operations. Prior to treatment the resistant ratio (RS) to permethrin was determined with the KY horn fly resistant test procedures. A permethrin susceptible horn fly strain was used for comparison. All herds were tagged between 15—30 Jun and the herds monitored for horn and face flies at 2 wk intervals. Face flies were counted on the head and face of 10 animals while horn Ilies were counted on one side of the same animals. Commercially available Maxcon (tm), Atroban (tm), and Terminator (tm) flytags were tested along with preparations containing 10% and 15% cyhalothrin (Cy) with piperonyl butoxide and S,S,S-Tributylphosphorotrithioate (Def). Tags containing 22% cyhalothrin with and without calcium carbonate (CaC03) were tested as were tags containing 22 and 35% pirimophos methyl (PM). Tags were applied to all animals in the herds except for spring calves (1987).
Evaluation of Methoprene for Control of Horse Bot Fly Eggs on Horses, 1987
Authors: Silapanuntakul S. , Burg J. G. , Knapp F. W. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
All horse bot eggs were removed from the front legs of 3 mares on the University of Kentucky Research Farm on 14 Sep. The front legs of 2 horses were treated with 0.26% methoprene at the rate of 0.057 u,g (AI)/cm2 using a calibrated plastic hand sprayer; the remaining horse served as a control. All horses were inspected daily and newly deposited eggs were randomly collected. All remaining eggs were then removed. Horses were retreated 6 and 13 days after the initial treatment. The ambient temperature throughout this study ranged from —2.2 to 31.1°C. Eggs from each treated horse were placed on filter paper in 5.5 × 1.5 cm petri dishes. Eggs from the control horse were separated into 2 equal groups. One group was placed on 5.5 cm diam filter paper treated with methoprene at the same ate as described above and the other group was placed on untreated filter paper. All eggs were stored in 5.5 × 1.5 cm petri dishes at 27°C and 80% RH for 7 days. Eggs were then transferred to filter paper in 9 × 1.5 cm petri dishes and 14 ml of 40°C water was added to stimulate egg hatch. After 1 min, he number of hatched eggs was recorded.
Acaricide Evaluation, 1988
Authors: Hogmire Henry W. , Crim Larry , Turner Cathy 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Treatments were applied to 5 single-tree plots of 6-yr-old trees in a randomized block design consisting of 3 replicates of ‘Red Delicious’ and 2 replicates of ‘Golden Delicious.’ Applications were made with a Swanson DA500A airblast sprayer, which traveled at 2.4 mph and delivered a spray volume of 300 gal/acre at the delayed dormant stage and at 100 gal/acre for the remainder of the season. Other materials applied separately to all treatments were Asana, Benlate, Dithane M-45, Dodine, Guthion, Manzate 200, Penncap-M, Pounce, and Topsin-M. ERM control was evaluated by sampling 20 leaves from the periphery of each tree, removing mites with a mite-brushing machine, and counting active stages with a binocular microscope.
Control of Cabbage Pests, 1988:
Authors: Tuttle A. F. , Slocombe A. C. , Ferro D. N. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cabbage was transplanted on 29 Jul. ‘Schultz’ starter fertilizer was used at planting and 10N-10P-10K fertilizer was applied on 15 Aug at a rate of 300 lb/acre. The soil was a fine sandy loam, pH 6.1. Each plot consisted of 2 12-ft rows, and each treatment was replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Insecticide applications were based on 3-ft row spacing. All applications were made with a CO2-pressurized sprayer delivering 70 gal/acre at 40 psi. Ambush 2 EC was applied (3.2 oz formulated material/acre) on 17 Aug to all plots to prevent total defoliation by ICW, to allow for the plants to reach the early head growth stage, and to allow for colonization by ‘DBM’. All treatments were applied on 22 Sep. Larval counts were made on 27 Sep.
Leafhopper Control, 1986:
Authors: Cranshaw Whitney S. , Schweissing Frank 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘PMR 45’ cantaloupes, planted 12 May at the Arkansas Valley Research Center, Rocky Ford, Colo., were used in the study. Plots were 2 beds (60-inch spacing), 24 ft long, arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Treatments were applied 13 Aug using a CO2 compressed-air sprayer delivering 96 gal/acre. Plots were evaluated 19 Aug by randomly collecting 20 leaves/plot and counting all leafliopper nymphs.
Control of First-Brood ECB, 1988:
Authors: Bowman James S. , Barry Donald W. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study was performed on the University of New Hampshire Kingman Farm, Madbury, N.H., and used ‘Honeymoon’ sweet corn planted 16 May. Each plot consisted of a single 30-ft row of corn. Each treatment was replicated 4 times and arranged in a randomized block design. Each treatment was applied 2 times at a 5-d interval, starting at each of the following 3 plant growth stages: whorl (15-20 inches tall with no tassels visible from above); pretassel (most of the plants with green tassels visibly emerging from the whorls); green-tassel (tassels fully exposed but not shedding pollen). The spray treatments were applied using an R & D CO2-pressurized (40 psi) single-nozzle hand-held sprayer that delivered 14.4 gal/acre. Evaluation for the percentage of injured tassels was made on 8 Aug. The percentage of injured stalks and ears was determined at harvest time (12 Aug) by examining all the plants in each treatment.
Control in Sweet Corn, 1988:
Authors: Hoy Casey W. , Flessel John K. , Koch Timothy A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Sundance’ sweet corn was planted on 11 Jul at the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster. Plots were 3 rows wide on 30-inch centers, 30 ft long, with a single border row between them and a 4-ft alley at each end. A randomized complete block design with 4 replications was used. Treatments were applied on a 4-day schedule from 2 Sep (first tassels) until 23 Sep, using a hand-held CO2 single-nozzle sprayer delivering 30 psi and 20 gal/acre. Evaluations were made on 27 Sep; 50 ears/plot were examined for corn earworm larvae in the silks or on the ear.
Granular Whorl Treatments, 1988:
Authors: Linduska James J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘NK-199’ sweet corn was planted in single-row 25-ft-long plots on 7 Jul. Each treatment row was buffered on either side by an untreated guard row. Distance between rows was 3 ft. Distance between plants within the row was 8 inches. Treatment plots were replicated 4 times and arranged in a randomized complete block design. Granules were applied with a one pound shaker can at early whorl. Plots were rated 31 Aug. The soil type was a Galestown sandy loam.
Control with Full-Season Program of Aerial Applications, 1988:
Authors: Shelton A. M. , Wilsey W. T. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Four commercial fields, located near Batavia, N. Y., were used for this test. Each field was divided into 3 sections, each section receiving the same number of applications of a different insecticide. From 3 to 4 applications/field, beginning at the early green tassel stage, were applied weekly. Insecticides were applied with a Cessna Ag Truck delivering 3 gal/acre at 35-40 psi and 115-120 mph air speed, with D8-46 nozzles. At crop maturity for each field, 2 fields in mid-August and 2 in mid-September, we sampled 50 ears/section of each field and evaluated them for insect injury. Additional samples of 65-147 ears/section of the field were evaluated for insect injury at the processing plant.
Control on Whorl Stage Sweet Corn, 1988:
Authors: Whalen J. , Breeding R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Sweet corn was planted on 7 Jul near Georgetown, Del. Two-row plots, 20 ft long on 30-inch centers, were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Treatments were applied with a hand shaker in a 7-inch band over the whorls on 16 Aug. All plant whorls were removed from each plot, unrolled, and the number of infested plants counted on 19 Aug.
Control On Sweet Corn, 1988
Authors: Whalen J. , Spellman M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Sweet corn was planted on 20 Apr near Georgetown, Del. Two-row plots, 20 ft long on 30-inch centers, were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Treatments were applied with a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer using two nozzles/row delivering 75 gal/acre at 40 psi. Silk sprays were applied on 8, 12, 15, and 19 Jun. At harvest maturity (21 Jun), all ears from each plot were examined for economic damage and all live larvae were counted.
Cucumber Beetle Control, 1987:
Authors: Sorensen K. A. , Kidd K. A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Calypso’ cucumbers were planted 16 Jul near Benson, N.C. Single row plots, 10 ft long on 60-inch centers, were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Alleys of 5 ft were used between replicates. Treatments were applied with a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer using a single hollow-cone nozzle (18 x). Application rate was 54 gal/acre delivered at 60 psi. Treatments were applied on 30 Jul. Foliar damage by cucumber beetles was rated 6 Aug.
Control on Kale, 1988:
Authors: Hoy Casey W. , Koch Timothy A. , Vaughn Ty T. , Hassel Richard L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Kale was direct-seeded at Wiers Farms, Celeryville, Ohio, on 18 May. Plots were 3 rows wide on 16-inch centers, 18 ft long, and separated by 4-ft alleys. Each treatment was replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Treatments were applied on 2 Sep with a boom sprayer delivering 50 psi and 50 gal/acre. On 7 Sep, aphids and DBM larvae were counted on 3 plants in each plot by visual inspection of each plant.
Onion Maggot Control, 1988:
Authors: Bishop B. , Grafius E. , Henry P. , Maier R. , Roragen K. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A trial designed to evaluate resistance of a local onion maggot population to Lorsban and Dyfonate was carried out at Dyk Brothers’ farm near Grant, Mich. Onions (‘Downing Yellow Globe’) were planted on 22 Apr. Plots were double rows, 20 ft long. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replicates. All granular materials were applied in the furrow with the seed using a V-belt planter. Drenches were applied in a 2-3-inch band at the base of the plant using a hand-held sprayer at 50 gal/acre with a single nozzle directed over the row. A 50-plant section in each of the 2 rows of each plot (100 plants/plot total) was marked with stakes prior to the first injury (19 May). The number of surviving onions (percent stand) was counted at approximately weekly intervals. The percentage of damaged onions was calculated for each date by dividing the number of surviving onions showing visible onion maggot damage by the total number of surviving onions on that date. Density of initial stand number (row-ft/100 plants on 19 May) was measured on 22 Jun. Onions in a 10-ft section of both rows of each plot (20 ft total/plot) were harvested on 19 Aug. Harvested bulbs were sorted into marketable or damaged (onion maggot damage or nonmaggot damage) groups.
Control of Broad Mites, 1988:
Authors: Oi David H. , Mau Ronald F. L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Broad mite infested pepper plants were transplanted into 6-inch pots, 5 wk after initial planting (8 Jul). Treatments were assigned according to a randomized block design, with blocks designated on the basis of plant similarity, and the degree of broad mite infestations. Infestations were determined on 18 Jul, with 5 out of 6 blocks having at least 10 broad mites, including eggs, on the leaves of the apical terminal bud for each plant. The plants in the remaining block were each infested with fewer than 10 mites. Pots were placed outdoors on a wire bench and were watered daily without wetting the foliage after treatments were applied. Treatments were applied until run off on 19 Jul with a hand-held CO2 sprayer at 30 psi. Plants were cut at the base on 27 Jul and washed individually in water using a screen sieve (U.S.A. Standard No. 200) to recover mites. All stages of broad mites, except eggs, were counted to evaluate the treatments.
Full-Season Insecticide Evaluations, 1988
Authors: Horsburgh R. L. , Cobb L. J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Insecticide treatments were applied in a comparative test to mature ‘York’ trees on 6 Apr (only treatments scheduled for delayed dormant application), 14 Apr (P, pink), 11 May (PF, petal fall), 1 June (1C, first cover), 17 June (2C, second cover), 8 Jul (3C, third cover), 28 Jul (4C, fourth cover), and 31 Aug (5C, fifth cover). Treatments were applied with a Bean 35 gal/min hydraulic sprayer operating at 300 psi. Single-tree treatments were replicated 4 times in a randomized block design. Trees were sprayed to run-off. AA populations were evaluated on 21 Jun by randomly selecting 10 growing terminals/replicate, rating aphid populations on a scale of 1-5, and counting aphids on the fourth distal leaf. ERM populations were evaluated on 13 Jul and 15 Aug by randomly selecting 25 leaves/replicate, brushing them with a modified Henderson-McBurnie brushing machiin . and cropting motile mites and viable eggs with a binocular microscope. WALH damage was evaluated by rating foliage on each tree on a scale of 1 (low) to 5 (high). Insect feeding on fruit was evaluated by harvesting 100 apples/replicate on 3 Oct and visually inspecting each apple.