bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Texture development in Al alloys during tensile testing
Authors: Ohtani S. , Inagaki H. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Tensile tests were made on commercially pure Al (A1050), Al-4.4 wt.% Mg (A5182) and Al-4 wt.% Cu (A2017) alloys by varying the test temperature and the strain rate. Textures developed at various stages of the tensile deformation were investigated with the orientation distribution function analysis. During the tensile test of pure Al with a strain rate of 3 × 10–4 s –1 at 20 °C, the tensile axis readily rotated toward the <111> stable end orientation. However, such a rotation occurred only at the later stage of the tensile deformation near the tensile stress, where the stress– strain curve became flat, and where work hardening was almost saturated. It is suggested that the size and the morphology of the dislocation cell, which had developed up to this stage, played a significant role in the subsequent texture development. In fact, the addition of Mg and Cu, which inhibited the development of the well-defined cell structure due to the Portevin –Le Chatelier effect, strongly suppressed the rotation of the tensile axis toward <111>. In all the materials investigated, textures were not affected by the strain rate and also by the temperature of the tensile test.
Development of SMD 32.768 kHz tuning fork-type crystals
Authors: Lee Sungkyu , Lee Jaekyu , Chung Hyungsik 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Resonance frequency of quartz tuning fork crystal for use in chips of code division multiple access, personal communication system, and a global system for mobile communication was analyzed by an analytical method and the finite element method (FEM). Resonance frequency values obtained by the analytical solution of the equation of motion and FEM analysis were compared and reasonable agreement showed validity of the FEM results. A resonance frequency close to 31.964 kHz was aimed following FEM analysis results and a general scheme of commercially available 32.768 kHz tuning fork resonators was followed in designing tuning fork geometry, tine electrode pattern and thickness. Based on FEM design, actual tuning fork crystals were fabricated using photolithography and oblique evaporation by a stencil mask. The average resonance frequency of the fabricated tuning fork samples at a vacuum level of 3 × 10 –2 torr was 31.228 to 31.462 kHz. The discrepancy between FEM modeling and observed values of resonance frequency is attributed to error in exactly manufacturing tuning fork tine width by photolithography. However, design parameters affecting other crystal parameters have to be adjusted comprehensively to optimize the tuning fork performance.
Investigation of the miscibility gap region in liquid Ga–Pb alloys
Authors: Plevachuk Yu. , Filippov V. , Kononenko V. , Popel P. , Rjabina A. , Sidorov V. , Sklyarchuk V. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The miscibility gap of the Ga–Pb system has been investigated by different experimental methods and techniques. Viscosity, acoustic and electrical conductivity measurements were carried out through the entire immiscibility region. Possible reasons of revealed discrepancies in the absolute values of the phase separation temperatures are discussed in relation with peculiarities of the experimental methods employed. The shape of the miscibility gap has been analysed.
Physical metallurgy of high Nb-containing TiAl alloys
Authors: Appel Fritz , Paul Jonathan D. H. , Oehring Michael , Clemens Helmut , Fischer Franz Dieter 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Intermetallic titanium aluminides exhibit attractive thermophysical properties, which give them the potential for extensive use as lightweight structural components. Novel design concepts are based on alloys with the general composition (in at.%) Ti-45Al-(5–10) Nb, which were subjected to precipitation hardening. Optimized compositions have been identified that are capable of carrying stresses in excess of 700 MPa at service temperatures of 700 °C and have superior creep properties. The alloys exhibit at room temperature yield stresses in excess of 1GPa combined with plastic tensile elongations of about 2%. Wrought alloys of this type can be an attractive alternative to the nickel-base superalloys in certain ranges of stress and temperature. The future and promise of these new TiAl alloys lies in innovative processing methods designed to achieve better performance.
Mechanische Zuverlässigkeit von keramischen Kaltleiterbauelementen – Möglichkeiten zur Verbesserung
Authors: Supancic P. , Danzer R. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Kaltleiterbauelemente werden funktionsbedingt mit Temperaturwechseln beansprucht. Aufgrund des Wärmetransports und der inhomogenen Verteilung der Wärmequellen kommt es im Bauteil zu Temperaturunterschieden, die ihrerseits wieder mechanische Spannungen (Wärmespannungen) bewirken. Diese Spannungen können so groß werden, dass sie die Festigkeit des Kaltleiters überschreiten und zur Zerstörung der Bauteile führen. Es wird ein Modell vorgestellt, mit dessen Hilfe es möglich ist, die mechanischen Spannungen in keramischen Kaltleitern (bei Kenntnis der relevanten Materialparameter) in Abhängigkeit von den angelegten elektrischen Beanspruchungen zu berechnen. Dabei wird die Wechselwirkung zwischen den elektrischen Feldgleichungen und der Wärmeleitungsgleichung gelöst und das elektrische Feld und das Temperaturfeld in Abhängigkeit vom Ort bestimmt. Im Anschluss daran kann das mechanische Spannungsfeld bestimmt und eine Ausfallrate der Teile ermittelt werden.
Dieses Modell wird verwendet, um durch Auswahl geeigneter Werkstoffe und über die Veränderung des Bauteildesigns (Form, Größe, Aufbau der Bauteile) die Temperaturunterschiede (Thermal Management) und damit auch die mechanischen Spannungen im Bauteil gezielt zu verringern (mechanisches Konstruieren). Dadurch wird die Zuverlässigkeit der Teile im Einsatz erhöht. Weitere Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung der Zuverlässigkeit sind die Verbesserung der Festigkeit der Kaltleiterwerkstoffe und ein elektrischer Proof-Test, durch den Bauteile mit zu geringer Festigkeit aussortiert werden können.
Board Diversity als Zukunftsaufgabe der Corporate Governance
Authors: Rentsch Bettina Konstanze 
Published: February 2022

Zusammenfassung

Diversität ist das gesellschaftspolitische Gebot der Stunde. Auch in der Corporate Governance findet das Konzept trotz Unsicherheiten über seinen Inhalt, seine Anforderungen und seine positiven Effekte, breite Akzeptanz. Entsprechende Regulierungsangebote, sei es in Form einer Geschlechterquote oder Mindestbeteiligungsgebots, einer Zielgrößenpflicht, oder einer Diversitätsempfehlung, werden in Deutschland aber nur zögerlich aufgenommen. In den Vereinigten Staaten verbuchen derweil private Diversity Stewardship-Kampagnen institutioneller Investoren beachtliche Erfolge. Fraglich ist, ob diese Initiativen auch in deutschen Aktiengesellschaften einen Kulturwandel anstoßen können.
Analysis of the Competitive Weekly Microcycle in Elite Soccer: Comparison of Workload Behavior in Absolute and Relative Terms
Authors: Guerrero-Calderón Berni , Fradua Luis , Morcillo José A. , Castillo-Rodríguez Alfonso 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Guerrero-Calderón, B, Fradua, L, Morcillo, JA, and Castillo-Rodríguez, A. Analysis of the competitive weekly-microcycle in elite soccer: comparison of workload behavior in absolute and relative terms. J Strength Cond Res 37(2): 343–350, 2023—This study aimed to analyze the locomotion activity of elite-level soccer players throughout the weekly microcycle by playing position, and compare the training-load (TL) behavior in relation to match-play in absolute and relative (meters or events per minute) terms. Training and match data were collected from 30 professional soccer players belonging to a Spanish First Division team during the 2015/2016 season using global positioning technology (152 training sessions and 38 matches). Overall, the results showed a decrease of TL metrics when competition approached (p < 0.05). However, a progressive decrease was not found for all metrics. Two-way analysis of variance test revealed that workload was affected by the interaction between microcycle-day and season period showing medium or large effect size (

> 0.15) for all positions and metrics. Considering the TL in relation to the match-load, opposite load behavior was found in absolute and relative terms by position; whereas, central-defenders, external-defenders, and forwards covered 21, 25 and 26% more absolute medium-speed running distance (MSRD), respectively; central-defenders covered 14% (8.6–13.4 m·min−1), external-defenders 10% (7.5–13.9 m·min−1), and forwards 7% (8.4–15.7 m·min−1) more relative-MSRD 4 days before match than match-day. The accelerations-metric also showed higher relative values 4, 3, and 2 days before the match. Because the objective of the training is to prepare players to withstand the competition demands, analyzing the position-specific TL concerning to match demands represents an advantageous strategy for training periodization. In addition, this study highlights the importance of taking into account the time spent of developing the different efforts to properly define the position-specific physical demands.
Visualizing Chemical Reactions with X-rays
Authors: Bratos S. , Wulff M. , Leicknam J.-C. , Vuilleumier R. , Rozanska X. 
Published: February 2022

The recombination of laser-dissociated iodine molecules dissolved in CCl4 is explored by time-resolved x-ray diffraction. The x-raypulses employed in our experiments were generated by the ESRF synchrotron in Grenoble. The solvent contribution to the measured signals was eliminated using appropriate experimental procedures. Motions of iodine atoms were then studied from 200 ps to 10 ps. Different relaxation processes are shown to operate in this time domain. It is proved that the iodine recombination follows two reaction paths, taking place in the electronic states X and A/A' of I2, respectively. In spite of widely different experimental approaches, laser optical and x-ray studies provide a similar picture of this prototype reaction.
Efeitos da cinesioterapia e aconselhamento na qualidade de vida de mulheres incontinentes
Authors: Matheus Carolina Nascimben , Furlan Cintia , Lima Paloma Felício de Oliveira , Pereira Milene Teles , Dos Santos Paloma Bernardelli 
Published: February 2022

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da cinesioterapia e aconselhamento uroginecológico sobre a qualidade de vida de mulheres portadoras de Incontinência Urinária (IU). Participaram deste estudo, 10 mulheres com diagnóstico de IU, divididas em Grupo Cinesioterapia – GC (n=5; 68,2 ± 6,5 anos) e Grupo Cinesioterapia+Aconselhamento – GCA (n=5; 64,6 ± 9,8 anos). Foi aplicado pré e pós intervenção o questionário International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF). O GC realizou 10 sessões em grupo de fortalecimento de tronco, do membro inferior e dos músculos do assoalho pélvico. O GCA recebeu a mesma intervenção, adicionada a aconselhamento (exercícios para casa e diário miccional). O questionário indicou diminuição da frequencia urinária e quantidade das perdas em ambos os grupos, com melhora mais expressiva no GCA. Os dois grupos apresentaram “impacto muito grave” da IU sobre a qualidade de vida antes do tratamento e apenas o grupo aconselhado apresentou melhora, com “impacto moderado” pós tratamento. Podemos inferir que o aconselhamento uroginecológico nos casos de IU pode potencializar os benefícios derivados da cinesioterapia, auxiliando na diminuição da frequencia e quantidade de urina perdida, reduzindo a interferência da IU na vida diária e melhorando a qualidade de vida das mulheres acometidas.
Violência doméstica: perfil e distribuição espacial em Piracicaba-SP.
Authors: Vitório Octaviani Júlia , De Lima Gomes Stéfany , Cortellazzi Karine Laura , Castro Gondinho Brunna Verna , Matteussi Lino Carolina , Miranda Guerra Luciane , Barros Cavalcante Denise De Fátima , Francesquini Júnior Luiz 
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: analisar o perfil das vítimas de violência doméstica contra a mulher e fatores associados em Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil. Métodos: estudo transversal de 736 boletins de ocorrência de violência doméstica contra mulher que não foram representados na Delegacia de Defesa da Mulher entre 2015-2018. A variável dependente foi violência física com e sem lesão, e as independentes as sociodemográficas e região anatômica da lesão. Realizou-se análise de regressão logística múltipla estimando-se o odds ratio (OR) e intervalos de 95% de confiança. Resultados: 453 (61,5%) mulheres apresentaram violência com lesão e 283 (38,5%) sem lesão. Mulheres com até o ensino médio apresentaram 1,7 vezes mais chance (OR=1,70; IC95%:1,1-2,4; p=0,005) de lesão que aquelas que possuem escolaridade acima do ensino médio. Conclusão: a violência com lesão associou-se a menor escolaridade da vítima. Conhecer o perfil epidemiológico das vítimas contribui para o aprimoramento de ações e políticas públicas eficientes para a sociedade.
O que aprendemos diante dos dados que não temos? O caso da variável profissão/ocupação nos bancos de síndrome gripal, síndrome respiratória aguda grave e mortalidade no Brasil
Authors: Santos Cleber , Ferreira Vanessa Melo , Cavalcante João Roberto , Ribeiro Patricia Canto , Castro Hermano Albuquerque de , Gutierrez Adriana Coser , Pereira Ingrid D’avilla Freire , Nehab Marcio Fernandes , Moura Maria Martha Duque de , Perissé André Reynaldo Santos 
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: descrever o preenchimento da variável profissão/ocupação nos bancos de dados do Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade (SIM), de Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave (SRAG) e Síndrome Gripal (SG) entre 2020 e 2021 no Brasil.
Métodos: foram calculadas as frequências absolutas e relativas do preenchimento da variável profissão/ocupação por Unidade da Federação para cada base de dados durante o período de estudo.
Resultados: Para o período de estudo, verificou-se 94,83% de incompletude para as notificações de SG, 97,73% para casos notificados de SRAG e 17,06% para óbitos por todas as causas.
Conclusões: Recomendamos uma articulação entre o Ministério da Saúde, Ministério do Trabalho e Previdência e representações de trabalhadores, como conselhos e sindicatos para formulação de estratégias para contornar o problema da falta de dados de ocupação/profissão nos bancos de dados públicos.
Investigating Short-Period Lake-Generated Microseisms Using a Broadband Array of Onshore and Lake-Bottom Seismometers
Authors: Carchedi Christopher James William , Gaherty James B. , Webb Spahr C. , Shillington Donna J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Recent analyses of ambient seismic noise proximal to large lakes identify excitations between periods of 0.5 and 5 s as lake-generated microseisms, though the mechanisms producing them remain unclear in the absence of distinct spectral peaks. We present a unique data set combining onshore and offshore seismometers to investigate the dominant parameters controlling water-to-solid-earth seismic coupling in a lacustrine environment. Using a set of broadband observations that include six lake-bottom seismometers, we compare signals collected both within and around Lake Malawi (Nyasa) in southeastern Africa, the fifth largest freshwater lake in the world. We document clear evidence for two peaks within the lake microseism band, with pervasive diurnal excitations between periods of ∼0.6–1.3 and ∼1.3–3 s. Variations in spectral behavior as a function of recording depth and proximity to both steep lake-floor slopes and the shoreline suggest that the spectral bands may correspond to single- and double-frequency generation processes, akin to primary and secondary ocean microseisms generated by the shoaling of wind-driven gravity waves along shorelines and wave interactions within the open body of water, respectively. However, both the absolute amplitudes and temporal evolution we observe in these two bands are complex and often inconsistent with traditional microseism theory. Therefore, these spectral bands may alternatively result from complex wave–wave interaction at the lake surface within the enclosed northern end of the lake. The diurnal behavior of lake microseisms, as well as their polarizations, suggest that the wave energy is driven by a combination of seasonally varying nighttime winds funneled by lakeshore topography and waveguide effects. This work also provides a glimpse into seasonal variation in lacustrine ambient seismic noise and thus also into lake processes.
Ground Failure Triggered by the 7 January 2020 M 6.4 Puerto Rico Earthquake
Authors: Allstadt Kate E. , Thompson Eric M. , Bayouth García Desireé , Irizarry Brugman Edwin , Stephen Hughes K. , Schmitt Robert G. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The 7 January 2020 M 6.4 Puerto Rico earthquake, the mainshock of an extended earthquake sequence, triggered significant ground failure. In this study, we detail the ground failure that occurred based largely on a postearthquake field reconnaissance campaign that we conducted. We documented more than 300 landslides, mainly rock falls that were concentrated in areas where peak ground acceleration (PGA) exceeded 30%g; sparse smaller landslides occurred in highly susceptible areas more than 50 km from the epicenter and at PGA values &lt;10%g. Though some of the largest mass movements were in natural slopes, rock falls in road cuts had more impact because they caused widespread transportation disruption. Some structures also were damaged by landslides, but no landslide-related fatalities were reported. Liquefaction and related lateral spreading were severe in some areas, causing damage to residential and commercial structures and a power plant. Most of the liquefaction occurred in coastal areas where shaking exceeded 50%g, though some of the most damaging instances were in Ponce, where shaking estimates were as low as 20%g. In this article, we summarize the most notable ground failures and detail the overall patterns that we observed. The observations and compiled inventory datasets presented here are valuable because no island-wide hazard maps for earthquake-triggered landslides or liquefaction have been developed for Puerto Rico, and postevent inventories are vital for such an effort. In general, the datasets presented here contribute to a global understanding of coseismic ground-failure hazard by presenting detailed observations for a relatively moderate ground-failure event with well-constrained shaking estimates; current models and expectations are biased by the tendency to collect detailed datasets mainly for exceptional events.
How Incorporating Deliberate Practice in Work Placement May Contribute to Developing Expertise in Translators
Authors: Sadza Agata 
Published: February 2022

The article explores some of the ways in which work placement that accompanies or follows academic instruction may contribute to stimulating trainee translators’ professional development. Inspired by general and profession-specific concepts and components of expertise proposed by researchers in the field of cognitive sciences and translation studies as well as her own experience as a translator, translation trainer, and work placement mentor, the author presents some of her observations and preliminary highlights of her ongoing research to emphasise how individualised support for trainees’ conscious effort in the course of work placement in a translation company may help novice translators hone their skills and at the same time assume responsibility for their own development, thus empowering them and setting them on track to become experts. In her considerations, the author refers to the minimal concept of translation expertise propounded by Muñoz Martín (2014) and to the notion of deliberate practice as posited by Ericsson et al. (1993) to propose how deliberate practice may be implemented as one of the significant elements of translation work placement in a student-centred course of learning, where various aspects of the actual workplace setting contribute to increased readiness for conscious effort in trainees. This paper may prove of use to translator trainers as well as work placement mentors/coordinators, both on the part of the academic institution, and within the organisation accepting trainees, when they shape or revise their curricula or work placement agendas.
Evaluation of Salt Tolerance during the Seed Germination Stage of Five Varieties of Vicia sativa
Authors: Hejing Zhao , Rulin Wu , Zhiguo Liu , Liu Zhongkuan , Gui-Xia Liu 
Published: February 2022

Background: Common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) is a legume that is widely used as pasture, silage and livestock feed. However, the area of secondary Saline-Alkali land throughout the world has been increasing, resulting to lower crop yields. Therefore, high-yielding common vetch varieties with good tolerance to salt must be identified. Methods: Salt tolerance during the seed germination stage of five common vetch varieties was assessed using gray correlation, standard deviation coefficient allocation weighted method and membership function value. Result: Seedling growth characteristics were significantly reduced by increased salt concentration. Notably, while the seed germination potential of the varieties decreased significantly at 0.9% salt concentration, excluding that of 333A, these decreased values for germination potential were still more than 50% higher than that of the control. Based on gray correlation methods and membership function values, varieties were graded according to salt tolerance, in which 22216 was the best, followed by Sujian 3, 7504 and 1586, while 333A was the worst.
Estimation of Armington elasticities: case of vegetables in Mongolia
Authors: Uuld Amar , Magda Robert 
Published: February 2022

Mongolian people often consume meat more than vegetable in diet due to traditional nomadic culture. Nowadays, the Mongolian people’s diet has been changing who consume more vegetables with associated urbanization (half of the population live in urban areas, mostly in the capital city). Even though vegetable consumption has been increased recently, the vegetable market is still a high reliance on imports and threatening national food security. Since 2016, the Mongolian government has especially paid attention to increasing vegetable's domestic production and substitution to import vegetables (Ministry of food and Agriculture, 2017). Therefore, this paper provided to substitution elasticity (the Armington elasticity) between import vegetables and domestic vegetables in Mongolia. Additionally, we estimated the home bias value of vegetables. The so-called Armington elasticities are widely used for computable general equilibrium (CGE) analysis, which determines a degree of substitution between import goods and domestically produced goods. Several of the authors studied Armington elasticities at the product level. We choose six vegetables (such as potato, garlic and onion, tomato, carrot and turnips, cabbage, and cucumber) related to lack of information. The empirical result shows that the Armington elasticities in the long-run higher than the short-run with exception of potato which means that products are similar in the long-run. However, our estimated Armington elasticities are quite lower than the previous studies result which means that Mongolian people indicated more prefer home growing vegetables than import vegetables. Moreover, we found that the home bias value is high in the short-run even long -run, this appears to be a higher relative weight on home vegetables.
JEL code: F13, Q17, Q18