bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Event‐triggered control for switched delay systems with dynamic input quantization
Authors: Wang Xumei , Wu Baowei , Wang Yue‐E , Liu Lili 
Published: May 2022

SummaryThis paper is concerned with event‐triggered control for the switched system with time‐varying delay and dynamic input quantization. The work is aimed at solving the quantizer saturation in the finite‐level quantized control design and the mismatch caused by event‐triggered sampling and the switching. First of all, the quantization parameter updating laws are designed respectively in the case of match and mismatch between the system and the controller under the event‐triggered mechanism without Zeno behavior. Then, the total variation of Lyapunov functional is transformed into discrete time updating of the dynamic quantization parameter. A switching law and a quantized control strategy are developed to ensure the exponential stability of switched systems with delay and input quantization. At last, two examples are given to illustrate the validity of the results.
Adaptive reinforcement learning in control design for cooperating manipulator systems
Authors: Dao Phuong Nam , Liu Yen‐Chen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, an optimal motion/force hybrid control strategy based on adaptive reinforcement learning (ARL) is proposed for cooperating manipulator systems. The optimal trajectory control and constraint force factor control, by using the Moore–Penrose pseudoinverse, are addressed to design the controller corresponding to the manipulator dynamic model. In addition, a frame of a different auxiliary term and an appropriate state‐variable vector are presented to address the non‐autonomous closed system with a time‐varying desired trajectory. The simultaneous actor/critic algorithm is implemented by optimizing the squared Bellman difference to be computed from the error of control policy and optimal control input. Moreover, the constraint force factor controller is discussed by a nonlinear technique after achieving the result of the constraint force factor. The tracking and convergence of ARL‐based optimal motion/force hybrid control strategy are validated in closed‐loop systems by a proposed Lyapunov function candidate. Finally, simulation results are implemented on a constrained system using three manipulators to verify the physical implementation of the presented optimal motion/force hybrid‐tracking control strategy.
Digitaler Zwilling für die automatisierte Produktion von Betonfertigteilen
Authors: Kosse Simon , König Markus , Vogt Oliver , Wolf Mario , Gerhard Detlef 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDas Bauen mit Betonfertigteilen birgt viele Vorteile wie Kosten‐ und Planungssicherheit, Präzision sowie Effizienz. In den meisten Fällen ist die Herstellung von Betonfertigteilen nicht vollständig automatisiert. Es existieren viele manuelle Arbeitsschritte, die eine weitere Steigerung der Produktivität hemmen. Grundlage für die vollständige Automatisierung ist der Einsatz von Informations‐ und Kommunikationstechnik. Ein Digitaler Zwilling als integriertes Datenmodell ist dafür notwendig. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird untersucht, wie durch Kombination aktueller Konzepte des Building Information Modeling (BIM) mit Methoden aus dem Kontext der Industrie 4.0, die eine weitestgehend selbstorganisierte und dezentrale Produktion ermöglichen, die Grundlage zur vollständigen Automatisierung und Vernetzung aller Produktionsschritte gegeben werden kann. Basierend auf der Verwaltungsschale, die der Umsetzung des Digitalen Zwillings in der Industrie 4.0 dient, wird durch die Entwicklung von Daten‐ und Interaktionsmodellen für die industrialisierte Produktion eine geeignete Beschreibung für Digitale Zwillinge von Betonfertigteilmodulen erarbeitet.
Entrepreneurial view: Fostering entrepreneurship and innovation in universities by a web‐based course
Authors: Ferrari De Carvalho Teixeira Maria Cecilia , Albina Da Silva Pereira Nathalya , Mazzuchetti Roselis Natalina , Lermen Fernando Henrique 
Published: May 2022

AbstractInnovation and entrepreneurship are factors that can empower and boost a country. One approach to managing these factors is innovation ecosystems, which only work with innovative approaches such as Lean Startup and Design Thinking. Fostering an entrepreneurial university is essential for solving society's problems by developing innovative and sustainable solutions. In this context, this study aims to present a pilot event called “Entrepreneurial View” for the dissemination of entrepreneurship and innovation in Brazilian universities through a web‐based course. To this end, this empirical study employs structured interviews with 22 participants on the second day using Cronbach's α to assess consistency, in addition to descriptive statistics and content analysis. The main results are the development of two products, two services, and two applications aimed at solving problems for society and other stakeholders. The main contribution of this study is the use of methodologies for the development of innovative offers is highlighted and promotes entrepreneurial thinking at different levels of training through a web‐based course.
Prognostic factors of primary neuroendocrine breast cancer: A population‐based study
Authors: Ma Shu‐tao , Wang Ding‐yuan , Liu Yi‐bing , Tan Hui‐jing , Ge Yue‐yue , Chi Yihebali , Zhang Bai‐lin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrimary neuroendocrine breast carcinomas (NEBCs) are an extremely rare and underrecognized subtype of mammalian carcinoma. The prognostic factors for NEBCs remain controversial.MethodsIn this multicenter retrospective study, the prognostic factors for patients with primary NEBCs who underwent surgery and had a pathologically confirmed diagnosis of neuroendocrine carcinoma in China and the United States were examined. The endpoints were disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsA total of 51 Chinese patients and 98 US patients were included. In the Chinese cohort, tumor grade and Ki‐67 levels were prognostic factors for DFS in univariate analysis (hazard ratio [HR] = 5.11 [1.67–15.60], p = 0.004; HR = 57.70 [6.36–523.40], p < 0.001, respectively) and multivariate analysis (HR = 100.52 [1.33–7570.21], p = 0.037; HR = 31.47 [1.05–945.82], p = 0.047, respectively). In the US cohort, age was an important prognostic factor for OS in univariate analysis (HR = 1.09 [1.04–1.15], p = 0.001). The random effects model for the combined cohorts revealed age and positive expression of estrogen receptor (ER) as potential prognostic factors for OS (HR = 1.08 [1.01–1.14], p = 0.015; HR = 0.10 [0.02–0.44], p = 0.003, respectively).ConclusionsTumor grade and Ki‐67 levels are important prognostic factors for DFS of patients with primary NEBCs. Age and ER status are important prognostic factors for OS of patients with primary NEBCs.
Association between miR‐146a rs2910164, miR‐196a2 rs11614913, and miR‐499 rs3746444 polymorphisms and the risk of esophageal carcinoma: A case–control study
Authors: Liu Chao , Gao Wenhui , Shi Yijun , Lv Lu , Tang Weifeng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small, non‐coding, and endogenous RNAs that regulate gene expression and over 50% of them are located at cancer‐related genomic regions or fragile sites. According to previous studies there is significant association of miRNA single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with tumorigenesis (e.g., esophageal cancer, hepatocellular cancer, gastric cancer, bladder cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, and colon cancer), however, the conclusions have been inconsistent. To investigate the relationship between miR‐146a rs2910164 C > G, miR‐196a2 rs11614913 T > C, and miR‐499 rs3746444 A > G polymorphisms and the susceptibility to esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) in the Chinese Han nationality, we recruited 829 cases and 1522 controls in our study. In this case–control study, our results suggest that the rs3746444 GG genotype increased ESCC risk [homozygote model: adjusted odds ratio (OR), 2.26; 95% CI, 1.33–3.83; p = 0.003, recessive model: adjusted OR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.38–3.96; p = 0.002], which remained consistent after Bonferroni correction. There was no association of rs11614913 and rs2910164 polymorphisms with ESCC. After adjusting by age, sex, smoking, and drinking status and body mass index (BMI), the multiple logistic analysis suggested that rs11614913 T → C variation reduced ESCC susceptibility in females and in the ≥63 years old subgroups, while rs2910164 C → G variation increased ESCC risk in both two BMI subgroups.
KBTBD7 promotes non‐small cell lung carcinoma progression by enhancing ubiquitin‐dependent degradation of PTEN
Authors: Zou Zifang , Zhang Bo , Li Zhihan , Lei Lei , Sun Guanghao , Jiang Xizi , Guan Jingqian , Zhang Yao , Xu Shun , Li Qingchang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Kelch repeat and BTB domain containing 7 (KBTBD7) was first cloned in 2010. Its function as a transcriptional activator and a substrate adaptor during the ubiquitination process was soon found. KBTBD7 was shown to be involved in excessive inflammation after myocardial infarction, brain development, and neurofibromin stability. However, studies on the role of KBTBD7 in solid tumors, especially lung cancer, are still lacking. Therefore, in this study, we investigate the role of KBTBD7 in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Immunohistochemical staining of 102 paired NSCLC and peritumoral normal specimens indicated that KBTBD7 was highly expressed in NSCLC tissues and positively correlated with the histological type, P‐TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and tumor size. KBTBD7 was also well‐expressed in NSCLC cell lines, and downregulation of KBTBD7 resulted in inhibition of NSCLC cell proliferation and invasion. Further investigation showed that KBTBD7 enhanced ubiquitin‐dependent degradation of PTEN, thus activating EGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling and promoting NSCLC cell proliferation and invasion by regulating CCNE1, CDK4, P27, ZEB‐1, Claudin‐1, ROCK1, MMP‐9, and E‐cadherin protein levels. Our results indicate that KBTBD7 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of NSCLC.
Individual identification of cashmere goats via method of fusion of multiple optimization
Authors: Shang Cheng , Zhao Hongke , Wang MeiLi , Wang XiaoLong , Jiang Yu , Gao Qiang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFacial recognition technology and related research have matured over time, but research in the field of individual animal recognition is still very limited. Therefore, this article focuses on the identification of cashmere goats with similar characteristics. First, the single shot multibox detector network was used to process the dataset. Next, transfer learning was applied to learn the characteristics of the goats, as well as the loss function is composed of Triplet Loss and Label Smoothing CrossEntropy Loss function. The result of Label Smoothing CrossEntropy Loss function is fused by multiple different branches, which is convenient for classification. We added a small number of images of 24 different breeds of sheep to each cashmere goat dataset with different ID to promote the distance between training individuals, and then used the trained model to find the number of goats with the lowest recognition accuracy. The Cycle‐Consistent Adversarial Network (Cycle‐GAN) learned the goat dataset with a high error rate in individual identification. Unlike previous studies using the Cycle‐GAN, we took the novel approach of using this network to learn and combine the features seen in photos of cashmere goats. Since the learned features were all observed in the same goats, this method achieved better results in learning the features of the goats. Finally, we found that recognition can be performed on this data with an accuracy of 93.75%. These results suggest that identification based on deep learning has a high accuracy rate, as well as great value in identifying individual cashmere goats.
Visible Light‐Mediated Manipulation of 1,n‐Enynes in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Patel Roshan I. , Singh Jitender , Sharma Anuj 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe 1,n‐enynes are potent scaffolds in organic synthesis, providing a state‐of‐the‐art approach for synthesizing various acyclic and carbo‐ and heterocyclic compounds. Radical cascade cyclization and C−H functionalization of 1,n‐enynes have gained immense attention in the synthetic community. Significant advancement in this field has been developed over the years, employing harsh and expensive metal catalysts usually associated with intense product purification and unwanted side‐products. In this context, the advent of visible light photocatalysis as a mild and efficient approach in the area of 1,n‐enynes is a welcome step. Herein, we provide an exclusive overview of the recent developments in visible light‐assisted manipulation of 1,n‐enynes. We have classified the review into 1,3‐, 1,4‐, 1,5‐, 1,6‐, 1,7‐, and 1,8‐enynes, as well as dienyne, and enediyne‐based reactions.
Optimization of Culture Conditions of Immobilized Cells for Enzyme Excretion and Cell Lysis
Authors: Man Rohaida Che , Illias Rosli Md , Ramli Aizi Nor Mazila , Mudalip Siti Kholijah Abdul 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRecombinant enzyme excretion is essential due to stable and active protein production. However, enzyme excretion, especially in the Escherichia coli system, may increase the occurrence of cell lysis. Thus, cell immobilization was used, and optimization of culture conditions was conducted to increase enzyme excretion and limit cell lysis. The culture conditions were optimized using a response surface methodology. CGTase excretion and cell lysis were analyzed by CGTase and β‐galactosidase assays, respectively. High CGTase excretion with low cell lysis was achieved after the optimization process. The results suggest that optimization of the cell immobilization system increased CGTase excretion with low cell lysis and made it more valuable for industrial applications.
Modeling of Volatile Composition during Heating and Isothermal Stages of the Torrefaction Process
Authors: Saleh Suriyati , Abdul Samad Noor Asma Fazli 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe two‐step mechanism reaction model is widely used to represent solid degradation during the torrefaction process at fixed temperature. However, solid degradation during the heating period was neglected and the lack of the model for predicting volatile composition. Thus, the original model was extended to cover heating and isothermal stages during the torrefaction process based on thermogravimetric analysis using empty fruit bunch as case study. Torrefaction experiments were conducted at different temperature ranges for various heating rates. Based on the results, a good agreement between experimental and extended model was obtained with an absolute error of < 1 % indicating the high reliability of model prediction in estimating volatile composition.
Bi3+ Induced Crystal Growth of a Symbiotic Heterojunction Enables Long‐Lifespan Zn‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Gou Lei , Wang Wenyan , Wang Wenqi , Zhao Shaopan , Han Xiao , Fan Xiaoyong , Li Donglin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe MnO2/Mn2O3 symbiotic heterojunction is considered to be a promising cathode material for aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) owing to the built‐in electric field generated from the heterojunction interface that can accelerate ion transporting. However, the structure collapse caused by the Mn3+ dissolution, leading to a sharp capacity decline, is still one of the major issues. In this work, a Bi‐doped MnO2/Mn2O3 symbiotic heterojunction with a uniform nanorod structure was formed due to the Bi‐induced crystal growth mechanism. In addition, Bi3+ doped into the lattice effectively inhibited the dissolution of Mn3+ and greatly enhanced charge transfer and reaction kinetics. Therefore, an impressive long‐term cycling performance over 6000 cycles at a current density of 2 A g−1 was obtained. Such a Bi3+ induced symbiotic heterojunction crystal growth strategy may open new opportunities toward high‐performance aqueous ZIBs.
Nanosheets of Ni‐SAPO‐34 Molecular Sieve for Selective Oxidation of Cyclohexanone to Adipic Acid
Authors: She Minyi , Gu Rongtian , Meng Deming , Yang Hua , Wen Yujie , Qian Xiaofeng , Guo Xiangke , Ding Weiping 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNanosheets of nickel doped SAPO‐34 molecular sieves in thickness of ∼10 nm (denoted as NS−Ni‐SAPO‐34) has been successfully prepared through a morphology‐reserved method of synthesis. A special aluminum phosphate in two‐dimensional layered structure is used as precursor and converts to crystallized SAPO‐34 molecular sieve, in nanosheet morphology reserved from the aluminum phosphate precursor, under hydrothermal conditions with tetraethyl orthosilicate and templates of mixed amines added. It is found that adequate amount of nickel, ∼5 wt %, added to the synthetic system is a key factor for the morphology‐reserved synthesis. By characterization, the nickel is proved to be doped in the framework of the molecular sieve, which more likely helps to balance the high surface energy of nanosheet products. The NS−Ni‐SAPO‐34 shows excellent catalytic performance for oxidation of cyclohexanone to adipic acid by gaseous oxygen.
Azobenzene‐Substituted Triptycenes: Understanding the Exciton Coupling of Molecular Switches in Close Proximity
Authors: Kunz Anne , Oberhof Nils , Scherz Frederik , Martins Leon , Dreuw Andreas , Wegner Hermann A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHerein, we report a series of azobenzene‐substituted triptycenes. In their design, these switching units were placed in close proximity, but electronically separated by a sp3 center. The azobenzene switches were prepared by Baeyer–Mills coupling as key step. The isomerization behavior was investigated by 1H NMR spectroscopy, UV/Vis spectroscopy, and HPLC. It was shown that all azobenzene moieties are efficiently switchable. Despite the geometric decoupling of the chromophores, computational studies revealed excitonic coupling effects between the individual azobenzene units depending on the connectivity pattern due to the different transition dipole moments of the π→π* excitations. Transition probabilities for those excitations are slightly altered, which is also revealed in their absorption spectra. These insights provide new design parameters for combining multiple photoswitches in one molecule, which have high potential as energy or information storage systems, or, among others, in molecular machines and supramolecular chemistry.
Luminous custard powder – fluorescence and photochemical degradation in riboflavin
Authors: Keune Vivian Lucas , Irmer Erhard 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWechselwirkungen von Energie und Materie erfahren im Chemieunterricht oft nur eine geringe Beachtung, meist aufgrund fehlender konzeptioneller und experimenteller Einbindung. Die drei hier vorgestellten Experimente zeigen am Beispiel des photochemischen Abbaus des Vitamins Riboflavin, wie Fluoreszenzerscheinungen als Nachweis für Edukte und Produkte in chemischen Reaktionen dienen können. Riboflavin wird aus Puddingpulver extrahiert und anhand seiner gelben Fluoreszenz sowie der Bildung eines nicht‐fluoreszierenden, roten Komplexes bei Zugabe von Silber‐Ionen identifiziert. Durch Bestrahlung einer Riboflavin‐Lösung mit UV‐Licht bildet sich das Photoprodukt Lumichrom. Mithilfe einer dünnschichtchromatographischen Untersuchung werden Riboflavin und Lumichrom anhand ihrer Fluoreszenzfarben voneinander unterschieden. Anschließend wird der Einfluss von Temperatur, Lösungsmittel, Bestrahlungsdauer und Farbe des Bestrahlungslichts auf die Geschwindigkeit des photochemischen Abbaus untersucht.
Allergic sensitization to lipocalins reflects asthma morbidity in dog dander sensitized children
Authors: Käck Ulrika , van Hage Marianne , Grönlund Hans , Lilja Gunnar , Asarnoj Anna , Konradsen Jon R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundSensitization to dog is an important risk factor for asthma in children, but the clinical relevance of IgE to available dog‐ and furry animal allergen molecules is uncertain.MethodsSpirometry, methacholine challenge, fraction of exhaled nitric oxide, nasal challenge with dog extract and questionnaires were performed in 59 dog‐sensitized children (age 10–18 years). Serum IgE to dog‐, cat‐, horse extracts and the allergen molecules Can f 1–6, Fel d 1, Fel d 2, Fel d 4 and Equ c 1 were evaluated.ResultsMedian numbers of positive IgE results to furry animal allergen molecules among children without asthma was 3, with asthma 5.5 and with troublesome asthma 9 (asthma vs. no asthma; p = 0.039; troublesome asthma vs. no asthma; p = 0.009). The odds ratio for asthma if sensitized to any lipocalin was 7.2 (95% confidence Interval: 1.44–35.9). Children with troublesome asthma had higher IgE levels to the lipocalins Can f 2, Can f 4 and Can f 6 compared to the rest of the study population (44 vs. 4.1 kUA/L, p = 0.015; 5.8 vs. 0.9 kUA/L, p = 0.018 and 1.3 vs. 0.7 kUA/L, p = 0.03 respectively). Furthermore, a positive nasal challenge was more common among children with troublesome asthma (83% vs. 36%, p = 0.036).ConclusionsPolysensitization to furry animal allergens and lipocalins is associated with asthma in dog‐sensitized children. Children with troublesome asthma have higher IgE levels to several dog lipocalins than other dog sensitized children.Key messagePolysensitization to furry animal allergens and high IgE levels to the dog lipocalins Can f 2, Can f 4 and Can f 6 is associated with asthma severity in dog dander sensitized children. Molecular allergy diagnostics may thus help the clinicians to evaluate the impact of allergic sensitization on asthma morbidity.
Anticancer Agents Derived from Cyclic Thiosulfonates: Structure‐Reactivity and Structure‐Activity Relationships
Authors: Ghilardi Amanda F. , Yaaghubi Elham , Ferreira Renan B. , Law Mary E. , Yang Yinuo , Davis Bradley J. , Schilson Christopher M. , Ghiviriga Ion , Roitberg Adrian E. , Law Brian K. , Castellano Ronald K. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractReported are structure‐property‐function relationships associated with a class of cyclic thiosulfonate molecules—disulfide‐bond disrupting agents (DDAs)—with the ability to downregulate the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (HER) family in parallel and selectively induce apoptosis of EGFR+ or HER2+ breast cancer cells. Recent findings have revealed that the DDA mechanism of action involves covalent binding to the thiol(ate) from the active site cysteine residue of members of the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family. Reported is how structural modifications to the pharmacophore can alter the anticancer activity of cyclic thiosulfonates by tuning the dynamics of thiol‐thiosulfonate exchange reactions, and the studies reveal a correlation between the biological potency and thiol‐reactivity. Specificity of the cyclic thiosulfonate ring‐opening reaction by a nucleophilic attack can be modulated by substituent addition to a parent scaffold. Lead compound optimization efforts are also reported, and have resulted in a considerable decrease of the IC50/IC90 values toward HER‐family overexpressing breast cancer cells.