bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of metformin monotherapy and dual or triple concomitant therapy with metformin on glycemic control and lipid profile management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Lin Yan-Yu , Weng Shuen-Fu , Hsu Chung-Huei , Huang Chen-Ling , Lin Yu-Pei , Yeh Min-Chun , Han A-Young , Hsieh Yu-Shan 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundIn this study, we aimed to compare the effects of metformin-based dual therapy versus triple therapy on glycemic control and lipid profile changes in Taiwanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsIn total, 60 patients were eligible for participation in this study. Patients received at least 24 months of metformin monotherapy, dual therapy, or triple therapy with metformin plus linagliptin (a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor) or dapagliflozin (a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor). Blood samples were collected from each patient, followed by evaluation of changes in their blood glucose control and lipid profile-related markers.ResultsA combination of metformin and DPP4 and SGLT2 inhibitor therapy more effectively reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p = 0.016) than metformin monotherapy. A combination of metformin and DPP4 and SGLT2 inhibitor therapy more effectively improved total cholesterol (Chol, p = 0.049) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) than metformin monotherapy (p = 0.037). Metformin plus linagliptin dual therapy was more effective than metformin monotherapy in reducing glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C, p = 0.011). Patients who received a combination of linagliptin and empagliflozin showed a significant reduction in their fasting blood glucose (p = 0.019), HbA1c (p = 0.036), and Chol (p = 0.010) compared with those who received linagliptin dual therapy. Furthermore, patients who received metformin plus dapagliflozin and saxagliptin showed significantly reduced Chol (p = 0.011) and LDL-C (p = 0.035) levels compared with those who received metformin plus dapagliflozin.ConclusionIn conclusion, dual therapy with metformin and linagliptin yields similar glycemic control ability to triple therapy. Among metformin combination triple therapy, triple therapy of empagliflozin and linagliptin might have a better glycemic control ability than dual therapy of linagliptin. Moreover, Triple therapy of dapagliflozin and saxagliptin might have a better lipid control ability than dual therapy of dapagliflozin.
Acupuncture for gastrointestinal urticaria: A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Li Yiwei , Zhang Leixiao , Wang Qiong , Deng Yanli 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionThe purpose of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of patients with gastrointestinal urticaria (GU) and to provide a clinician's guide to GU treatment options.Methods and analysisWe plan to search multiple databases (i.e., PubMed, EMBASE, Springer, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and Wanfang Database) for studies published before September 1, 2022. We will electronically search for all relevant studies concerning clinical acupuncture treatments of GU, including unpublished conference articles and other gray literature. The language limit of this systematic review is Chinese and English. Any reports of clinical randomized controlled trials of acupuncture for the treatment of GU will be included in the study. Two researchers will perform independent data extraction to increase the quality of the data extraction. The primary outcome was the Urticaria Activity Score 7 (UAS7). Abdominal visual analog scale (VAS) for abdominal pain, dermatological life quality index (DLQI), the total effective rate, recurrence rate, and occurrence of adverse events were secondary outcomes. We will use RevMan V.5.3 statistical software for pairwise meta-analysis and ADDIS V.1.16.8 software for Bayesian network meta-analysis. If feasible, meta-regression and subgroup analyses will also be performed to address the potential causes of inconsistency and heterogeneity. We will conduct a GRADE assessment of the quality of evidence for the interventions included in this review.DiscussionThis study may validate acupuncture as an alternative therapy for the effective treatment of GU.Trial registration numberPROSPERO CRD42022333977.
Beneficial effects of neuronal ATF6 activation in permanent ischemic stroke
Authors: Li Xuan , Li Ran , Lu Liping , Dhar Ashis , Sheng Huaxin , Yang Wei 
Published: October 2022

Objective: Brain ischemia leads to the accumulation of unfolded/misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen and consequently, ER stress. To help cells restore ER function, a series of adaptive stress response pathways, collectively termed the unfolded protein response (UPR), are activated. We have previously demonstrated that the UPR pathway initiated by ATF6 is pro-survival in transient ischemic stroke. However, the effect of ATF6 activation on the outcome after permanent ischemic stroke remains unknown. Here, we addressed this knowledge gap.Method: sATF6-KI mice with functional short-form ATF6 (sATF6) predominantly expressed in forebrain neurons were subjected to two ischemic stroke models: photothrombotic stroke and permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). Both short-term and long-term functional outcomes were evaluated. Changes in neuroinflammation and cerebrovascular density after pMCAO were also assessed.Results: Compared to littermate controls, sATF6-KI mice performed significantly better in open field, cylinder, and foot fault tests on day 1 or 3 after photothrombotic stroke. However, on days 7 and 14 after stroke, the performance of these functional tests was not significantly different between groups, which is likely related to mild brain damage associated with this stroke model. Thus, to evaluate the long-term effects of ATF6 activation in permanent stroke, we turned to our pMCAO model. We first found that on day 4 after pMCAO, functional outcome was better, and infarct volumes were smaller in sATF6-KI mice vs controls. Next, the 15-day stroke outcome study indicated that compared to control mice, sATF6-KI mice consistently exhibited improved performance in neurologic scoring, tight rope test, and tape removal test, after pMCAO. Moreover, sATF6-KI mice showed higher vascular density and lower activation of both astrocytes and microglia around stroke regions on day 16 after pMCAO.Conclusions: Here, we presented the first evidence that activation of the ATF6 UPR branch is protective in permanent ischemic stroke, which further supports the therapeutic potential of targeting the ATF6 pathway in stroke.
Dynamic probability integration for electroencephalography-based rapid serial visual presentation performance enhancement: Application in nighttime vehicle detection
Authors: Cui Yujie , Xie Songyun , Xie Xinzhou , Zhang Xiaowei , Liu Xianghui 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundRapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) has become a popular target detection method by decoding electroencephalography (EEG) signals, owing to its sensitivity and effectiveness. Most current research on EEG-based RSVP tasks focused on feature extraction algorithms developed to deal with the non-stationarity and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of EEG signals. However, these algorithms cannot handle the problem of no event-related potentials (ERP) component or miniature ERP components caused by the attention lapses of human vision in abnormal conditions. The fusion of human-computer vision can obtain complementary information, making it a promising way to become an efficient and general way to detect objects, especially in attention lapses.MethodsDynamic probability integration (DPI) was proposed in this study to fuse human vision and computer vision. A novel basic probability assignment (BPA) method was included, which can fully consider the classification capabilities of different heterogeneous information sources for targets and non-targets and constructs the detection performance model for the weight generation based on classification capabilities. Furthermore, a spatial-temporal hybrid common spatial pattern-principal component analysis (STHCP) algorithm was designed to decode EEG signals in the RSVP task. It is a simple and effective method of distinguishing target and non-target using spatial-temporal features.ResultsA nighttime vehicle detection based on the RSVP task was performed to evaluate the performance of DPI and STHCP, which is one of the conditions of attention lapses because of its decrease in visual information. The average AUC of DPI was 0.912 ± 0.041 and increased by 11.5, 5.2, 3.4, and 1.7% compared with human vision, computer vision, naive Bayesian fusion, and dynamic belief fusion (DBF), respectively. A higher average balanced accuracy of 0.845 ± 0.052 was also achieved using DPI, representing that DPI has the balanced detection capacity of target and non-target. Moreover, STHCP obtained the highest AUC of 0.818 ± 0.06 compared with the other two baseline methods and increased by 15.4 and 23.4%.ConclusionExperimental results indicated that the average AUC and balanced accuracy of the proposed fusion method were higher than individual detection methods used for fusion, as well as two excellent fusion methods. It is a promising way to improve detection performance in RSVP tasks, even in abnormal conditions.
Nutritional interventions to support acute mTBI recovery
Authors: Finnegan Emma , Daly Ed , Pearce Alan J. , Ryan Lisa 
Published: October 2022

When mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) occurs following an impact on the head or body, the brain is disrupted leading to a series of metabolic events that may alter the brain's ability to function and repair itself. These changes may place increased nutritional demands on the body. Little is known on whether nutritional interventions are safe for patients to implement post mTBI and whether they may improve recovery outcomes. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a systematic review to determine what nutritional interventions have been prescribed to humans diagnosed with mTBI during its acute period (&lt;14 days) to support, facilitate, and result in measured recovery outcomes.MethodsDatabases CINAHL, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception until January 6, 2021; 4,848 studies were identified. After removing duplicates and applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, this systematic review included 11 full papers.ResultsPatients that consumed enough food to meet calorie and macronutrient (protein) needs specific to their injury severity and sex within 96 h post mTBI had a reduced length of stay in hospital. In addition, patients receiving nutrients and non-nutrient support within 24–96 h post mTBI had positive recovery outcomes. These interventions included omega-3 fatty acids (DHA and EPA), vitamin D, mineral magnesium oxide, amino acid derivative N-acetyl cysteine, hyperosmolar sodium lactate, and nootropic cerebrolysin demonstrated positive recovery outcomes, such as symptom resolution, improved cognitive function, and replenished nutrient deficiencies (vitamin D) for patients post mTBI.ConclusionOur findings suggest that nutrition plays a positive role during acute mTBI recovery. Following mTBI, patient needs are unique, and this review presents the potential for certain nutritional therapies to support the brain in recovery, specifically omega-3 fatty acids. However, due to the heterogenicity nature of the studies available at present, it is not possible to make definitive recommendations.Systematic review registrationThe systematic review conducted following the PRISMA guidelines protocol was registered (CRD42021226819), on Prospero.
High cardiovascular disease mortality after penile squamous cell carcinomas diagnosis: Results from the United States SEER population, 2005-2016
Authors: Xie Zequan , Zhan Xiangpeng , Zheng Yunwei , Liu Yang , Chen Tao , Jiang Ming , Li Yu , Fu Bin 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundCancer survivorship care is an emerging and necessary component of oncology management. To explore cardiovascular disease (CVD)-specific mortality and prognostic factors among patients with penile squamous cell carcinomas (PSCC). These results aid clinicians in furtherly understand this disease’s prognosis.MethodWe analyzed Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program data for 2668 PSCC cases diagnosed between 2005 to 2016. We calculated standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) of CVD and all-cause mortality, comparing PSCC patients with general population men. A cumulative mortality curve and competitive risk regression model were utilized to evaluate the prognostic factors of CVD-specific death.ResultsDeath distribution is as follows: PSCC (42.4%), other causes (21.3%) CVD (19%), and other cancers (17.3%). PSCC patients are more like to die from CVD (SMR=3.2, 95%CI: 3.1-3.3) and all-cause death compared with the general population. Meanwhile, patients undergoing surgery show a relatively higher CVD-specific mortality than the general population (SMR=2.7, 95%CI: 2.4-3.2). In the competitive risk model, higher CVD mortality is associated with age, region, year of diagnosis, stage, and marital status (all P&lt;0.05). Patients with the localized stage show a higher risk of CVD-specific death than those with regional or distant stage.ConclusionOur study mainly reveals that cardiovascular disease was the important cause of death and higher CVD-specific mortality among PSCC patients. Several associated factors related to CVD-specific death are also identified. In the future, more work in educating health care professionals on the components of survivorship care is needed to meet the long-term and late effects cancer patients experience.
Hotspots and trends in multiple myeloma bone diseases: A bibliometric visualization analysis
Authors: Hou Zhaomeng , Jiang Ping , Su Shaoting , Zhou Honghai 
Published: October 2022

Objective: This study aims to explore the research hotspots and trends of multiple myeloma bone disease in the past 20 years by bibliometric visualization analysis.Methods: With the Web of Science Core Collection database as the data source, the relevant publications of multiple myeloma bone disease from 2002 to 2021 are retrieved. These data are analyzed using software CiteSpace 5.8.R3 and Scimago Graphica 1.0.24, together with the Online Analysis Platform of Literature Metrology.Results: A total of 6,168 published research papers, including 4668 articles and 1500 review papers, are included in this study. Generally speaking, annual publications and citations are on the rise, especially in recent 2 years. The majority of these papers are published in the United States, with Mayo Clinic being the greatest contributor. The most productive journal and author are Blood and Terpos E, respectively, while the most frequently co-cited reference, author and journal are Rajkumar et al., 2014, Lancet Oncol, Kyle RA and Blood, respectively. The major research subject categories are oncology and hematology. The “disease diagnosis”, “prognosis evaluation”, “pathogenesis”, “imaging technology” and “targeted therapy” are recent research frontiers. The burst keywords “transplantation”, “progression”, “activation”, “lenalidomide”, “flow cytometry”, “drug resistance”, “management” and “mesenchymal stem cell” reflect the latest research hotspots.Conclusion: This study reveals the research hotspots and trends of multiple myeloma bone disease through bibliometric visualization analysis, and provides a valuable reference for further research.
Safety and effectiveness of all-oral and injectable-containing, bedaquiline-based long treatment regimen for pre-XDR tuberculosis in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Thi Mai Phuong , Nguyen Binh Hoa , Hoang Thi Thanh Thuy , Nguyen Hoang Anh , Vu Dinh Hoa , Nguyen Mai Hoa , Nguyen Bao Ngoc , Decroo Tom , Nguyen Viet Nhung 
Published: October 2022

Background: The World health organization (WHO) recently recommended standardized all-oral shorter regimens for rifampicin resistant Tuberculosis (RR-TB). For highly resistant Tuberculosis patients such as pre-XDR-TB: RR-TB plus additional resistance to fluoroquinolones (FQ), the 6–9-months bedaquiline (bedaquiline)-based regimens or BDQ-based long regimens are recommended. The role of second-line injectable (SLI) drugs in the treatment of drug resistant TB is restricted because of safety concerns. Nevertheless, it is not well-known how all-oral long regimens (BDQ-long) perform compared to SLI-containing long regimens (BDQ/SLI-long) in terms of safety and effectiveness among patients with highly resistant TB.Method: A prospective observational cohort of patients with RR-TB additionally resistant to fluoroquinolones and/or second-line injectable, treated with either BDQ-long or BDQ/SLI-long regimens according to the guidance of the National Tuberculosis Program of Vietnam, enrolled between December 2015 and June 2017.Results: Of 99 patients enrolled, 42 (42%) patients were treated with BDQ-long and 57 (57%) with BDQ/SLI-long. More than 85% of patients were previously exposed to both FQ and SLI. FQ and SLI resistance were confirmed in 28 (67%) and 41 (98%) in the BDQ-long cohort and 48 (84%) and 17 (30%) in the BDQ/SLI-long cohort, respectively. Treatment success was achieved among 29 (69%) and 46 (81%) patients on the BDQ-long and BDQ/SLI-long regimen, respectively (p = 0.2). For both regimens, median time to first smear/culture sputum conversion was 2 months. All patients experienced at least one adverse event (AE) and 85% of them had at least one severe Adverse events. The median time to a first severe adverse event was 2 months. Among patients treated with BDQ-long a higher proportion of patients had three QT-prolonging drugs in the regimen (26.2% versus 7.0%; p = 0.009). The severe prolonged QTcF was observed in 22 (52.4%) and 22 (38.6%) patients on BDQ-long and BDQ/SLI-long, respectively. Overall, 30 (30%) patients had to either temporary or permanently discontinued or more TB drugs due to AEs.Conclusion: Treatment success was similar for both all-oral and SLI-containing BDQ-based long regimens in highly resistant TB patients. Both regimens had a similar high frequency of AEs. For both BDQ-long and BDQ/SLI-long regimens active AEs monitoring is essential.
Selenium-enriched yeast modulates the metal bioaccumulation, oxidant status, and inflammation in copper-stressed broiler chickens
Authors: Habotta Ola A. , Wang Xiaoyan , Othman Hamzah , Aljali Abdulrahman A. , Gewaily Mahmoud , Dawood Mahmoud , Khafaga Asmaa , Zaineldin Amr I. , Singla Rajeev K. , Shen Bairong , Ghamry Heba I. , Elhussieny Eman , El-Mleeh Amany , Ibrahim Samah F. , Abdeen Ahmed 
Published: October 2022

Copper (Cu) could be seriously hazardous when present at excessive levels, despite its vital contribution to various cellular processes. Selenium-enriched yeast (SeY) was reported to improve the health and metabolic status in broiler chicken. Hence, our study was endeavored to illustrate the mitigating efficacy of SeY on Cu-induced hepatic and renal damage. Cobb chicks aged 1 day were allocated into four experimental groups and offered a basal diet, SeY (0.5 mg/kg), CuSO4 (300 mg/kg), or SeY plus CuSO4 in their diets for 42 days. Our results revealed that SeY supplement antagonized significantly the Cu accumulation in livers and kidneys of exposed birds. Marked declines were also detected in the AST, ALT, urea, and creatinine levels, besides marked increases in total protein, glycerides, and cholesterol in the SeY-supplemented group. Moreover, enhancement of cellular antioxidant biomarkers (superoxide dismutase, CAT, GPx, and GSH) along with lowered MDA contents were achieved by SeY in hepatic and renal tissues. Further, SeY exerted a noteworthy anti-inflammatory action as indicated by decreased inflammatory biomarkers (IL-1β and TNF-α) and NO levels in both organs. Noticeable histopathological alterations of both organs further validated the changes in the markers mentioned above. To sum up, our findings indicate that SeY can be considered a potential feed supplement for alleviating Cu-induced hepatic and renal damage in broilers, possibly via activation of antioxidant molecules and lessening the inflammatory stress.
Hyperspectral estimation of the soluble solid content of intact netted melons decomposed by continuous wavelet transform
Authors: Zhang Chao , Shi Yue , Wei Zhonghui , Wang Ruiqi , Li Ting , Wang Yubin , Zhao Xiaoyan , Gu Xiaohe 
Published: October 2022

Netted melons are welcomed for their soft and sweet pulp and strong aroma during the best-tasting period. The best-tasting period was highly correlated with its soluble solid content (SSC). However, the SSC of the intact melon was difficult to determine due to the low relationship between the hardness, color, or appearance of fruit peel and its SSC. Consequently, a rapid, accurate, and non-destructive method to determine the SSC of netted melons was the key to determining the best-tasting period. A hyperspectral model was constructed to estimate the SSC of intact netted melons. The combination of continuous wavelet transform and partial least squares or random forest algorithm was employed to improve the estimation accuracy of the hyperspectral model. Specifically, the hyperspectra of the diffuse reflection and SSC of 261 fruit samples were collected. The sensitivity band was screened based on the correlation analysis and continuous wavelet transform decomposition. The correlation coefficient and RMSE of the random forest regression model decomposed by the continuous wavelet transform were 0.72 and 0.98%, respectively. The decomposition of the continuous wavelet transform improved the correlation coefficient by 5 and 1.178 times at 754 and 880 nm, respectively. The random forest regression model enhanced the determination coefficient by at least 56.5% than the partial least squares regression model, and the continuous wavelet transform decomposition further enhanced the determination coefficient of the random forest regression model by 4.34%. Meanwhile, the RMSE of the random forest regression model was reduced. Therefore, the decomposition of the continuous wavelet transform improved the stability and prediction ability of the random forest regression model.
Resistance Training Combined With Cognitive Training Increases Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Improves Cognitive Function in Healthy Older Adults
Authors: Castaño Luz Albany Arcila , Castillo de Lima Vivian , Barbieri João Francisco , Lucena Erick Guilherme Peixoto de , Gáspari Arthur Fernandes , Arai Hidenori , Teixeira Camila Vieira Ligo , Coelho-Júnior Hélio José , Uchida Marco Carlos 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundThe present study compared the effects of a traditional resistance training (TRT) and resistance training combined with cognitive task (RT + CT) on body composition, physical performance, cognitive function, and plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF) levels in older adults.MethodsThirty community-dwelling older adults were randomized into TRT (70.0 ± 8.1; 25% men) and RT + CT (66.3 ± 4.6; 31% men). Exercise groups performed a similar resistance training (RT) program, twice a week over 16 weeks. Cognitive Training involved performing verbal fluency simultaneously with RT. Exercise sessions (eight resistance exercises) were performed 2–3 sets, 8–15 repetitions at 60%–70% of 1-repetition maximum (1RM). Body composition, physical function, cognitive performance, and BDNF levels were assessed before and after intervention period.ResultsThe physical performance was similarly improved in response to both TRT and RT + CT (p = 0.001). However, exclusive improvements on cognitive function (p &lt; 0.001) and BDNF levels (p = 0.001) were observed only after RT + CT.ConclusionThe RT program associated with a cognitive task, improved physical and cognitive performance in healthy older adults.