bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical property of Pyro-Carbon coated SiC fibers fabricated by continuous chemical vapor deposition method
Authors: Li Chang , Zhou Xingui , Gu Quanchao , Yan Xingheng , Wang Honglei 
Published: May 2022

PurposeA continuous chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method has been used to fabricate pyro-carbon (PyC) coating on continuous silicon carbide (SiC) fibers. The paper aims to evaluate these coated fibers by testing filament tensile and using microstructure characterization.Design/methodology/approachThe continuous SiC fiber-reinforced SiC matrix (SiC/SiC) composite is widely studied in aerospace and nuclear applications. The PyC is the probable option in fusion and fast reactor. However, the conventional fabrication method of PyC coating has some drawbacks influencing performance and efficiency.FindingsThe results showed that PyC-coated SiC fibers with continuous CVD method are more straight than conventional ones and residual deformations could not be observed, and these PyC coatings have complete geometry and uniform thickness. In different process conditions, the thickness of PyC coating could control from ∼100 to ∼1,000 nm.Originality/valueThe coated SiC fibers in a lower gas ratio (1:7 to 1:3), lower pressure (500–1,000 Pa) and appropriate winding speed (3 to 5 rpm) have relative high filament tensile strength (∼3.5 to ∼3.9 GPa). And the strength of coated SiC fibers has a negative correlation with the measured thickness of PyC coating. A distinctive growth process was discovered in the continuous CVD method. In a certain range, the quicker growing rate of PyC is obtained in shorter deposition time which means an efficient and quality method could be applied to fabricate coatings.
Progressive or problematic? A comparative analysis of media depictions of demands to defund the police
Authors: Craig Miltonette Olivia , Reid Jonathan C. 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThe current study examines the media's depiction of demands to defund the police. Although this call to action has been a part of the public discourse for decades, the call has reached mainstream attention following the police-involved death of George Floyd in May 2020. Black Lives Matter, the American Civil Liberties Union, Color of Change, and other prominent organizations have endorsed this call. However, there is a lack of agreement on the “correct” meaning of this socio-political movement.Design/methodology/approachThe authors performed an inductive content analysis of the news articles using MaxQDA, a qualitative data analysis program. The authors focus on the text and its themes and patterns in the descriptions of #DefundThePolice, both implicit (e.g. tone) and explicit (e.g. defining the movement as problematic). The codes were further refined following open coding to fully develop the existing patterns. The results are organized by the themes within the articles. The findings also include direct quotes to reinforce the themes.FindingsIn the authors' content analysis of news reports, the authors find that the US and UK news outlets report definitions that parallel the M4BL's description of the movement. In this respect, media coverage reflected the basic tenets of the movement accurately as opposed to using definitions that misrepresent the group's primary objective. Although these sampled news articles generally adhered to the basic description of the defund movement, the authors found that the overall substance and tone of coverage varied across outlets. This divergence yielded five overarching themes that included: the involvement of corporate America in the defunding debate, the frequent use of opinion pieces, mentions of history for informing the debate, the inclusion of the police perspective, and reporting that seemed to tie the defund movement to increases in violent crime.Originality/valueThis article explores how the mass media reports and defines the #DefundThePolice movement. Although much debate surrounds this issue, there is limited understanding of the mainstream news media's depiction of the movement. The current study addresses this research gap and informs the defunding debate by examining whether media descriptions of the movement coincide with the Movement for Black Lives benchmark delineation.
The influences of cross-cultural adjustment and motivation on self-initiated expatriates' innovative work behavior
Authors: Hussain Taiba , Zhang Yi 
Published: May 2022

PurposeDrawing upon the cross-cultural adjustment (CCA) model and self-determination theory, this study investigated the influence of CCA (work, interactional, and general adjustment) and motivation (autonomous and controlled) on the innovative work behavior of self-initiated expatriates (SIEs).Design/methodology/approachMulti-source data were collected from 213 SIEs and their supervisors working in the United Arab Emirates to provide an understanding of the role of SIEs' CCA and motivation and their innovative work behavior.FindingsFindings indicated that work, interactional, and general adjustment are positively related to innovative work behavior. Autonomous motivation positively predicts innovative work behavior, while controlled motivation does not. Additionally, autonomous motivation moderated the effects of work adjustment and interactional adjustment on SIEs' innovative work behavior, whereas controlled motivation moderates the effect of general adjustment on SIEs' innovative work behavior.Originality/valueSIEs are regarded as talents that have the skills and valuable knowledge gained from their international experience and can be utilized in organizations to perform innovative work behaviors. However, SIEs face adjustment challenges that may hinder their ability to be innovative. Despite their potential as innovation drivers in organizations, there are few studies on the factors that affect SIEs' innovative behavior. This study contributes to the literature by examining the effects of adjustment and motivation on SIEs' innovative work behavior.
The impact of human capital factors on organizational sustainability in the Malaysian hotel industry: the mediation role of trust
Authors: Batool Fatima , Mohammad Jihad , Awang Siti Rahmah 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThis study aims to evaluate the impacts of human capital factors in terms of spiritual intelligence (SI), emotional intelligence (EI) and workplace attitude in terms of trust on organizational sustainability (OS) in the hotel industry in Malaysia. In addition, this study intends to examine the mediation role of trust between human capital factors and OS.Design/methodology/approachA survey method using a questionnaire was used to collect data from 361 employees, including middle management, who are in direct contact with guests in the hotel industry. The partial least squares technique, SmartPLS3.3.3, was used to examine the hypotheses.FindingsThe analysis found support for the impacts of SI, EI and trust on OS. Additionally, the mediation effect of trust was also supported.Originality/valueThis pioneering study has combined human capital factors (i.e. SI and EI) to predict their effects on OS in the hotel industry. Moreover, this research established relatively new relationships between SI and OS and between EI and OS through the mediation role of trust. Furthermore, this study confirmed the validity and reliability of SI, EI and OS at first and second orders. Given the adverse impact of COVID-19 and its variants on the sustainability of all business organizations, this research has highlighted the crucial role of human factors and workplace attitude in the sustainability of the hospitality sector during difficult times.
Utilitarian, hedonic, and self-esteem motives in online shopping
Authors: Indrawati Indrawati , Ramantoko Gadang , Widarmanti Tri , Aziz Izzatdin Abdul , Khan Farhat Ullah 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
The study aims to analyze the influence of hedonic, utilitarian, and self-esteem motivations on online shopping behavior. Likewise, the mediating role of impulsive shopping and shopping intentions is also analyzed.

Design/methodology/approach
The study was carried out with the results of a survey in which 450 respondents participated, and the data was analyzed by using structural equation modeling (SmartPLS 3.0 software).

Findings
All the hypothesized links were significant and positive except for the relationship of self-esteem motive with impulsive shopping tendency, which was negative as hypothesized. Moreover, hedonic motive had a strong positive impact on impulsive shopping tendency, whereas, in contrast, utilitarian motive had a strong positive impact on shopping intentions.

Practical implications
Managers should focus on functional value rather than emotional value to attract customers who tend to be utilitarian. In contrast, for customers who tend to be hedonic, the product offerings should be visually appealing, stimulating and inspiring, as well as have emotional value.

Originality/value
This study investigates the roles of self-esteem and hedonic motives in impulsive shopping behavior. Moreover, by using the theory of planned behavior, this study highlights the roles of hedonic and utilitarian motives in attitude toward engaging in online shopping.
The interim manager – a catalyst for organizational learning?
Authors: Rubin Viktoria , Ohlsson Jon 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
Interim managers (IMs) are consultants who take on managerial positions during limited periods to perform changes, handle crises or cover vacancies. The increasing use of these short-term outsiders shapes new conditions for organizational learning in contemporary work life. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to research-based knowledge and theoretical understanding of the relationship between interim management and organizational learning.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper presents a literature review on interim management published within the years 2000–2020 and analyzes it through the lens of organizational learning.

Findings
An interim management assignment is characterized by a period of uncertainty, a limited time frame, knowledge from the outside and rather invisible outcomes. The concepts of shared mental models, dialogue, knowledge creation and organizational culture shed light on possibilities and constraints for organizational learning in these arrangements. The findings highlight the IM’s position as central for transforming the organizational culture, put a question mark for the establishment of the IM’s knowledge, show the need for defining outcomes in terms of learning processes and indicate tensions between opportunities for dialogue and the exercise of power.

Originality/value
The study provides a new conceptual understanding of interim management, laying the foundation for empirical studies on this topic from an organizational learning perspective.
Treatment of bullous pemphigoid with dupilumab: Dupilumab exerts its effect by primarily suppressing T‐helper 2 cytokines
Authors: Takamura Saori , Teraki Yuichi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe report a patient with bullous pemphigoid (BP) who was successfully treated with dupilumab monotherapy. To clarify the underlying mechanism of this effective treatment, we investigated the dynamics of a variety of cytokine‐producing T cells before and after treatment in the circulation and in blister fluid using flow cytometry. The patient was a 72‐year‐old woman who had a pruritic eruption consisting of erythema and tense blisters on the whole body. The skin biopsy and direct immunofluorescence of the skin were typical for BP. The serum level of anti‐BP180NC16a antibodies was 111 U/ml. Flow cytometric analyses revealed that the proportions of circulating interleukin (IL)‐4‐, IL‐13‐, and IL‐31‐producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were substantially higher in our BP patient than in healthy subjects. Moreover, IL‐4‐ and IL‐13‐producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were much higher in the blister fluids than in the circulation, whereas IL‐31‐producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were only slightly higher in the blister fluids. The proportions of circulating interferon (IFN)‐γ‐producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the circulation were slightly lower in the patient than in healthy subjects. There was no significant difference in the circulating IL‐17‐producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells between the patient and healthy subjects, although IL‐17‐producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were slightly higher in the blister fluids. Treatment with dupilumab promptly improved the pruritus and skin lesions, and anti‐BP180 antibodies became negative. After treatment with dupilumab, the proportions of circulating IL‐4‐ and IL‐13‐producing CD4+ T cells mainly decreased and IL‐17‐ and IL‐31‐producing CD4+ T cells slightly decreased. There were no significant differences in the proportions of circulating IFN‐γ‐producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells between before and after treatment. These results suggest that T‐helper (Th)2 cells are involved in the pathogenesis of BP, and dupilumab exerts its effect mainly by suppressing Th2 cytokines.
The S waves geometrical spreading in elliptical orthorhombic media
Authors: Stovas Alexey , Roganov Yuriy , Roganov Vyacheslav 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTThe presence of S waves singularity points in low‐symmetry anisotropic models significantly affects the topology of the slowness surfaces of S waves in the vicinity of these points and, consequently, results in complications in the geometrical spreading. Thus, we analyse the effect of a singularity point in a simple elliptical orthorhombic model with decoupled P wave.
Maximization of fitness by phenological and phenotypic plasticity in range expanding rabbitfishes (Siganidae)
Authors: Zarco‐Perello Salvador , Fairclough David , Dowling Chris , DiBattista Joey , Austin Rachel , Wernberg Thomas , Taylor Brett 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Global warming is modifying the phenology, life‐history traits and biogeography of species around the world. Evidence of these effects have increased over recent decades; however, we still have a poor understanding of the possible outcomes of their interplay across global climatic gradients, hindering our ability to accurately predict the consequences of climate change in populations and ecosystems.

We examined the effect that changes in biogeography can have on the life‐history traits of two of the most successful range‐extending fish species in the world: the tropical rabbitfishes Siganus fuscescens and Siganus rivulatus. Both species have established abundant populations at higher latitudes in the northern and southern hemispheres and have been identified as important ecological engineers with the potential to alter the community structure of seaweed forests (Laminariales and Fucales) in temperate regions.

Life‐history trait information from across their global distribution was compiled from the published literature and meta‐analyses were conducted to assess changes in (i) the onset and duration of reproductive periods, (ii) size at maturity, (iii) fecundity, (iv) growth rates, (v) maximum body sizes and (vi) longevity in populations at the leading edge of range expansion in relation to sea surface temperature and primary productivity (a common proxy for nutritional resource levels).

Populations at highest latitudes had shortened their reproductive periods and reduced growth rates, taking longer to reach sexual maturity and maximum sizes, but compensated this with higher fecundity per length class and longer lifespans than populations in warmer environments. Low primary productivity and temperature in the Mediterranean Sea resulted in lower growth rates and body sizes for S. rivulatus, but also lower length at maturity, increasing life‐time reproductive output.

The results suggest that plasticity in the phenology and life‐history traits of range‐expanding species would be important to enhance their fitness in high latitude environments, facilitating their persistence and possible further poleward expansions. Quantifying the magnitude and direction of these responses can improve our understanding and ability to forecast species redistributions and its repercussions in the functioning of temperate ecosystems.
‘What was required above all else was collaboration’: keeping the momentum for SEND partnership working in the wake of Covid‐19
Authors: Hellawell Beate , Smith Sharon , Wharton Julie 
Published: May 2022

This article considers implications for partnership working across the Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND) system in England, at a time when a long‐overdue SEND Review is imminent and the SEND Code of Practice 2015 is awaiting a significant overhaul. It highlights the role local policy actors occupy within this system, as the progression of the Covid‐19 pandemic moves SEND partnerships towards a ‘new normal’ and there is heightened concern about missed opportunities for reform and renewal. Previously published findings from an online questionnaire (n = 100) undertaken by the Special Educational Needs Policy Research Forum provided insight into how school staff had been supported in the teaching of pupils with SEND during periods of school closures and what lessons had been learned. The present article offers a thematic analysis of the narrative responses provided in addition to the closed survey questions. The analysis generated six statements that can be understood as lessons learned from the pandemic for partnership working, drawing on the experiences of parents, school staff, and advising professionals working in local authorities.
COVID‐19 outcomes among rheumatic disease patients in Kuwait: Data from the COVID‐19 Global Rheumatology Alliance (C19‐GRA) physician registry
Authors: Abutiban Fatemah , Saleh Khulood , Hayat Sawsan , Tarakmah Hoda , Al‐Herz Adeeba , Ghanem Aqeel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeWe aimed to assess the characteristics of inflammatory rheumatic disease (IRD) patients in Kuwait diagnosed with COVID‐19 and the factors linked with hospitalization, complications, and mortality.MethodsData of IRD patients from Kuwait diagnosed with COVID‐19 between March 2020 and March 2021, submitted to the COVID‐19 Global Rheumatology Alliance physician‐reported registry, were included in our analysis. Data on patients' age, gender, smoking, diagnosis, IRD activity, and other comorbidities were collected. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 25, was used for statistical analysis.ResultsA total of 52 patients were included, with a mean age of 55 years (±14). The majority of patients were ≤65 years (77%), female (77%), non‐smokers (80.8%), and diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (67.0%). Of the included patients, 19.2%, 9.6%, and 7.7% reported having methotrexate monotherapy, antimalarials monotherapy, and interleukin‐6 inhibitors monotherapy immediately before COVID‐19, respectively. Most of the included patients (92.3%) were either in remission or had minimal/low disease activity, while others (7.7%) had moderate disease activity. Forty‐three patients (82.7%) were hospitalized, while 11 patients (25.6%) required ventilation (invasive or non‐invasive). Ten of the ventilated patients (90.9%) received glucocorticoids as part of the local protocol to treat severe COVID symptoms, and 4 patients (7.69%) died. The duration till symptom‐free ranged between 0 to 30 days, with a mean value of 10 days (±6.5).ConclusionThe current study provides timely real‐world evidence regarding characteristics and potential risk factors linked to poor COVID‐19‐related outcomes in the IRD population in Kuwait.
Different CT slice thickness and contrast‐enhancement phase in radiomics models on the differential performance of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Yang , Liu Fang , Mo Yan , Huang Chencui , Chen Yingxin , Chen Fuliang , Zhang Xiangwei , Yin Yunxin , Liu Qiang , Zhang Lin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the effects of computed tomography (CT) reconstruction slice thickness and contrast‐enhancement phase on the differential diagnosis performance of radiomic signature in lung adenocarcinoma.MethodsA total of 187 patients who had been pathologically confirmed with lung adenocarcinoma and nonadenocarcinoma were divided into a training cohort (n = 149) and validation cohort (n = 38). All the patients underwent contrast‐enhanced CT and the images were reconstructed with different slice thickness. The radiomic features were extracted from different slice thickness and scan phase. The logistic regression (LR) algorithm was used to build a machine learning model for each group. The area under the curve (AUC) obtained from the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and DeLong test was used to evaluate its discriminating performance.ResultsFinally, 34 image features and five semantic features were selected to establish a radiomics model. Based on the three contrast‐enhanced CT phases and four reconstruction slice thickness, 12 groups of radiomics models showed good discrimination ability with the AUCs range from 0.9287 to 0.9631, sensitivity range from 0.8349 to 0.9083, specificity range from 0.825 to 0.925 in the training group. Similar results were observed in the validation group. However, there was no statistical significance between the different CT scan phase groups and different slice thickness (p > 0.05).ConclusionsThe radiomic analysis of contrast‐enhanced CT can be used for the differential diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma. Moreover, different slice thickness and contrast‐enhanced scan phase did not affect the discriminating ability in the radiomics models.
Recovery of dopaminergic system after cocaine exposure and impact of a long‐acting cocaine hydrolase
Authors: Deng Jing , Zhang Ting , Zheng Xirong , Shang Linyue , Zhan Chang‐Guo , Zheng Fang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDysregulation of dopamine transporters (DAT) within the dopaminergic system is an important biomarker of cocaine exposure. Depending on cocaine amount in‐taken, one‐time exposure in rats could lead to most (>95% of total) of DAT translocating to plasma membrane of the dopaminergic neurons compared to normal DAT distribution (~5.7% on the plasma membrane). Without further cocaine exposure, the time course of striatal DAT distribution, in terms of intracellular and plasma membrane fractions of DAT, represents a recovery process of the dopaminergic system. In this study, we demonstrated that after an acute cocaine exposure of 20 mg/kg (i.p.), the initial recovery process from days 1 to 15 in rats was relatively faster (from >95% on day 1 to ~35.4% on day 15). However, complete recovery of the striatal DAT distribution may take about 60 days. In another situation, with repeated cocaine exposures for once every other day for a total of 17 doses of 20 mg/kg cocaine (i.p.) from days 0 to 32, the complete recovery of striatal DAT distribution may take an even longer time (about 90 days), which represents a consequence of chronic cocaine use. Further, we demonstrated that a highly efficient Fc‐fused cocaine hydrolase, CocH5‐Fc(M6), effectively blocked cocaine‐induced hyperactivity and DAT trafficking with repeated cocaine exposures by maintaining a plasma CocH5‐Fc(M6) concentration ≥58.7 ± 2.9 nM in rats. The cocaine hydrolase protected dopaminergic system and helped the cocaine‐altered DAT distribution to recover by preventing the dopaminergic system from further damage by cocaine.