bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on the influence of the clamping devices on the size of the perforated holes in long round pipes
Authors: Poiană D I , Ionel I , Drăghici G 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
When perforation by cold plastic deformation processes of long round pipes, the technological problems appear primarily at the deformation of the part section, in the perforation area by losing the stability of the part, in the case of holes made at a distance from the pipe ends. The purpose of the research was to determine the influence of the constructive shape of the pipe clamping devices in the perforation area, in order to determine the device that offers the best stability of the section, to allow obtaining possible holes as large in diameter. The research was based on the application of materials strength methods and the Castigliano method of solving the indeterminacy, related to the process of cold plastic deformation. The research materialized by determining some calculation relations and specific diagrams regarding the diameter’s variation of the perforated holes in the air environment, depending on the dimensions of the part and the mechanical characteristics of the part material, for different forms of clamping devices. The calculations were performed considering that the perforation is performed in air, with a punch applied from the outside of the considered piece. The calculation relations and the obtained diagrams allow the determination of the maximum orifices, for certain dimensions of the pipes and for different mechanical characteristics of the part material. At the conclusions, a comparison was made of the results obtained for the variants of clamping considered devices and the optimal shape of the device was established, which allows the making of the largest perforated holes in the part.
Calibration of the Azimuth Drive Angle Sensor of the Mobile Automated Astronomical System by Stars Observation
Authors: Tarasov S. M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The paper describes the design of the mobile automated astronomical system (MAAS) and the technique of the MAAS azimuth drive calibration by the zenithal stars observation. This technique provides fast and accurate calibration of the MAAS azimuth drive angle sensor in field conditions.
Providing Nanosatellite Triaxial Gravitational Orientation Using Magnetic Actuators
Authors: Leonov A.I. , Nikolaev P.N. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Three-axis gravity stabilization of 3U CubeSat is achieved due to selection of the nanosatellite moments of inertia at the design stage, as well as special modes included in the algorithm to provide stabilization of CubeSat relative to each motion channel separately. In this paper, we propose a modified algorithm based on the magnetic stabilization algorithm B-dot. The modified algorithm provides three modes intended to damp the initial angular velocity to the value of the orbital angular velocity, to keep the angular velocity at a value close to that of the orbital angular velocity, and to provide the nanosatellite gravitational triaxial stabilization by using one magnetic coil located on the axis with the transversal moment of inertia, which is possible due to the small angle between the magnetic field line and the satellite's trajectory. We propose two modifications for forming a control loop for orientation and stabilization of the 3U CubeSat: the first one uses measurements from magnetometers and angular rate sensors as feedback, and the second one, only magnetometers. The efficiency of the two modifications of modifications was studied by means of statistical modeling.
Development of Alkali Vapor Cell for Miniature Nuclear Magnetic Gyroscope
Authors: Vlasova M A , Shevchenko A N 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The article presents numerical requirements for vapor cells for a nuclear magnetic gyroscope. The design requirements for the cells, such as shape, size and transparency, as well as their influence on the characteristics of the gyroscope, in particular, on the angle random walk, are considered. The process of manufacturing vapor cells and control of their parameters is described.
Digital coded exposure formation of frames from event-based imagery
Authors: Gothard Andrew , Jones Daniel , Green Andre , Torrez Michael , Cattaneo Alessandro , Mascareñas David 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Event-driven neuromorphic imagers have a number of attractive properties including low-power consumption, high dynamic range, the ability to detect fast events, low memory consumption and low band-width requirements. One of the biggest challenges with using event-driven imagery is that the field of event data processing is still embryonic. In contrast, decades worth of effort have been invested in the analysis of frame-based imagery. Hybrid approaches for applying established frame-based analysis techniques to event-driven imagery have been studied since event-driven imagers came into existence. However, the process for forming frames from event-driven imagery has not been studied in detail. This work presents a principled digital coded exposure approach for forming frames from event-driven imagery that is inspired by the physics exploited in a conventional camera featuring a shutter. The technique described in this work provides a fundamental tool for understanding the temporal information content that contributes to the formation of a frame from event-driven imagery data. Event-driven imagery allows for the application of arbitrary virtual digital shutter functions to form the final frame on a pixel-by-pixel basis. The proposed approach allows for the careful control of the spatio-temporal information that is captured in the frame. Furthermore, unlike a conventional physical camera, event-driven imagery can be formed into any variety of possible frames in post-processing after the data is captured. Furthermore, unlike a conventional physical camera, coded-exposure virtual shutter functions can assume arbitrary values including positive, negative, real, and complex values. The coded exposure approach also enables the ability to perform applications of industrial interest such as digital stroboscopy without any additional hardware. The ability to form frames from event-driven imagery in a principled manner opens up new possibilities in the ability to use conventional frame-based image processing techniques on event-driven imagery.
Ferroelectric-based synapses and neurons for neuromorphic computing
Authors: Covi Erika , Mulaosmanovic Halid , Max Benjamin , Slesazeck Stefan , Mikolajick Thomas 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The shift towards a distributed computing paradigm, where multiple systems acquire and elaborate data in real-time, leads to challenges that must be met. In particular, it is becoming increasingly essential to compute on the edge of the network, close to the sensor collecting data. The requirements of a system operating on the edge are very tight: power efficiency, low area occupation, fast response times, and on-line learning. Brain-inspired architectures such as spiking neural networks (SNNs) use artificial neurons and synapses that simultaneously perform low-latency computation and internal-state storage with very low power consumption. Still, they mainly rely on standard complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technologies, making SNNs unfit to meet the aforementioned constraints. Recently, emerging technologies such as memristive devices have been investigated to flank CMOS technology and overcome edge computing systems’ power and memory constraints. In this review, we will focus on ferroelectric technology. Thanks to its CMOS-compatible fabrication process and extreme energy efficiency, ferroelectric devices are rapidly affirming themselves as one of the most promising technologies for neuromorphic computing. Therefore, we will discuss their role in emulating neural and synaptic behaviors in an area and power-efficient way.
Racial Residential Segregation in Young Adulthood and Brain Integrity in Middle Age: Can We Learn From Small Samples?
Authors: Zeki Al Hazzouri Adina , Jawadekar Neal , Kezios Katrina , Caunca Michelle R , Elfassy Tali , Calonico Sebastian , Kershaw Kiarri N , Yaffe Kristine , Launer Lenore , Elbejjani Martine , Grasset Leslie , Manly Jennifer , Odden Michelle C , Glymour M Maria 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Racial residential segregation is associated with multiple adverse health outcomes in Black individuals. Yet, the influence of structural racism and racial residential segregation on brain aging is less understood. In this study, we investigated the association between cumulative exposure to racial residential segregation over 25 years (1985–2010) in young adulthood, as measured by the Getis-Ord Gi* statistic, and year 25 measures of brain volume (cerebral, gray matter, white matter, and hippocampal volumes) in midlife. We studied 290 Black participants with available brain imaging data who were enrolled in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study, a prospective cohort study. CARDIA investigators originally recruited 2,637 Black participants aged 18–30 years from 4 field centers across the United States. We conducted analyses using marginal structural models, incorporating inverse probability of treatment weighting and inverse probability of censoring weighting. We found that compared with low/medium segregation, greater cumulative exposure to a high level of racial residential segregation throughout young adulthood was associated with smaller brain volumes in general (e.g., for cerebral volume, β = –0.08, 95% confidence interval: −0.15, −0.02) and with a more pronounced reduction in hippocampal volume, though results were not statistically significant. Our findings suggest that exposure to segregated neighborhoods may be associated with worse brain aging.
Observer Gaze Patterns of Patient Photographs Before and After Facial Feminization
Authors: Gupta Nikita , White Hannah , Trott Skylar , Spiegel Jeffrey H 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Human interaction begins with visual evaluation of others, and this often centers on the face. Objective measurement of this evaluation gives clues to social perception.

Objectives
The objective of this study was to use eye-tracking technology to evaluate if there are scanpath differences when observers view faces of cisgender men, cisgender women, and transgender women before and after facial feminization surgery (FFS) including when assigning tasks assessing femininity, attractiveness, and likability.

Methods
Undergraduate psychology students were prospectively recruited as observers at a single institution. Their eye movements were recorded by eye-tracking technology when they were presented with frontal photographs of prototypical male, prototypical female, and pre- and post-FFS faces in a random order and then with prompting to assess femininity, attractiveness, and likability.

Results
Twenty-seven observers performed the tasks. Participants focused their attention more on the central triangle of post-FFS and prototypical female images and on the forehead of pre-FFS and prototypical male images. Higher femininity ratings were associated with longer proportional fixations to the central triangle and lower proportional fixations to the forehead.

Conclusions
This preliminary study implies the scanpath for viewing a post-FFS face is closer to that for viewing a prototypical female than a prototypical male based on differences viewing the forehead and brow vs the central triangle.
RCDPeaks: memory-efficient density peaks clustering of long molecular dynamics
Authors: Platero-Rochart Daniel , González-Alemán Roy , Hernández-Rodríguez Erix W , Leclerc Fabrice , Caballero Julio , Montero-Cabrera Luis 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Motivation
Density Peaks is a widely spread clustering algorithm that has been previously applied to Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. Its conception of cluster centers as elements displaying both a high density of neighbors and a large distance to other elements of high density, particularly fits the nature of a geometrical converged MD simulation. Despite its theoretical convenience, implementations of Density Peaks carry a quadratic memory complexity that only permits the analysis of relatively short trajectories.

Results
Here, we describe DP+, an exact novel implementation of Density Peaks that drastically reduces the RAM consumption in comparison to the scarcely available alternatives designed for MD. Based on DP+, we developed RCDPeaks, a refined variant of the original Density Peaks algorithm. Through the use of DP+, RCDPeaks was able to cluster a one-million frames trajectory using less than 4.5 GB of RAM, a task that would have taken more than 2 TB and about 3× more time with the fastest and less memory-hunger alternative currently available. Other key features of RCDPeaks include the automatic selection of parameters, the screening of center candidates and the geometrical refining of returned clusters.

Availability and implementation
The source code and documentation of RCDPeaks are free and publicly available on GitHub (https://github.com/LQCT/RCDPeaks.git).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Neuroanatomical correlates of speech and singing production in chronic post-stroke aphasia
Authors: Martínez-Molina Noelia , Siponkoski Sini-Tuuli , Pitkäniemi Anni , Moisseinen Nella , Kuusela Linda , Pekkola Johanna , Laitinen Sari , Särkämö Essi-Reetta , Melkas Susanna , Kleber Boris , Schlaug Gottfried , Sihvonen Aleksi , Särkämö Teppo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA classical observation in neurology is that aphasic stroke patients with impairments in speech production can nonetheless sing the same utterances. This preserved ability suggests a distinctive neural architecture for singing that could contribute to speech recovery. However, to date, these structural correlates remain unknown. Here, we combined a multivariate lesion–symptom mapping and voxel-based morphometry approach to analyse the relationship between lesion patterns and grey matter volume and production rate in speech and singing tasks. Lesion patterns for spontaneous speech and cued repetition extended into frontal, temporal and parietal areas typically reported within the speech production network. Impairment in spontaneous singing was associated with damage to the left anterior–posterior superior and middle temporal gyri. Preservation of grey matter volume in the same regions where damage led to poor speech and singing production supported better performance in these tasks. When dividing the patients into fluent and dysfluent singers based on the singing performance from demographically matched controls, we found that the preservation of the left middle temporal gyrus was related to better spontaneous singing. These findings provide insights into the structural correlates of singing in chronic aphasia and may serve as biomarkers to predict treatment response in clinical trials using singing-based interventions for speech rehabilitation.
UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS Analysis of the Phytochemical Compositions From Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai Fruits
Authors: Tao Weili , Zhao Chuanyi , Lin Gengxue , Wang Qiongjin , Lv Qian , Wang Shuyun , Chen Yicun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai (C. speciosa Nakai) is a popular fruit widely used in China for its health-promoting properties. The presences of phytochemical compositions in the plants play an important role in the health benefits. Nevertheless, the detailed information of these ingredients is still unknown. Therefore, in this work, an untargeted analytical method based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight coupled to mass spectrometry in two different ionization modes was used to qualitative the phytochemicals in C. speciosa Nakai, meanwhile, the anti-inflammatory activity of these phytochemicals was researched through detecting the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) that was induced by lipopolysaccharide in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. The results showed that there were totally 175 primary and secondary metabolites were identified in the fruit of C. speciosa Nakai, including phenols, terpenoids, flavonoids and other phyto-constituents. Actually, most compounds were described in C. speciosa Nakai fruits for the first time. Besides, the anti-inflammatory activity was measured by the result of NO inhibition rate, the consequence showed that the value of half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 365.208 μg/mL. These results indicate that C. speciosa Nakai is an efficient medicinal fruit, which owns various bioactivities and has the potential to treat various diseases.
Exercise-dependent changes in ventricular–arterial coupling and aortopulmonary collateral flow in Fontan patients: a real-time CMR study
Authors: Latus Heiner , Hofmann Lucas , Gummel Kerstin , Khalil Markus , Yerebakan Can , Waschulzik Birgit , Schranz Dietmar , Voges Inga , Jux Christian , Reich Bettina 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Aims
Inefficient ventricular–arterial (V–A) coupling has been described in Fontan patients and may result in adverse haemodynamics. A varying amount of aortopulmonary collateral (APC) flow is also frequently present that increases volume load of the single ventricle. The aim of the study was to assess changes in V–A coupling and APC flow during exercise CMR.

Methods and results
Eighteen Fontan patients (age 24 ± 3 years) and 14 controls (age 23 ± 4 years) underwent exercise CMR using a cycle ergometer. Ventricular volumetry and flow measurements in the ascending aorta (AAO), inferior (IVC), and superior (SVC) vena cava were assessed using real-time sequences during stepwise increases in work load. Measures of systemic arterial elastance Ea, ventricular elastance Ees, and V–A coupling (Ea/Ees) were assessed. APC flow was quantified as AAO − (SVC + IVC). Ea remained unchanged during all levels of exercise in both groups (P = 0.39 and P = 0.11). Ees increased in both groups (P = 0.001 and P &lt; 0.001) with exercise but was lower in the Fontan group (P = 0.04). V–A coupling was impaired in Fontan patients at baseline (P = 0.04). Despite improvement during exercise (P = 0.002) V–A coupling remained impaired compared with controls (P = 0.001). Absolute APC flow in Fontan patients did not change during exercise even at maximum work load (P = 0.98).

Conclusions
Inefficient V–A coupling was already present at rest in Fontan patients and aggravated during exercise due to a limited increase in ventricular contractility which demonstrates the importance of a limited functional reserve of the single ventricle. APC flow remained unchanged suggesting no further increase in volume load during exercise.
Prevalence of dyslipidemia and hypercholesterolemia awareness: results from the Lookup 7+ online project
Authors: Martone Anna Maria , Landi Francesco , Petricca Luca , Paglionico Annamaria , Liperoti Rosa , Cipriani Maria Camilla , Ciciarello Francesca , Rocchi Sara , Calvani Riccardo , Picca Anna , Marzetti Emanuele , Santoro Luca 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Cardiovascular disease still represents the leading cause of death worldwide. Management of risk factors remains crucial; despite this, hypercholesterolemia, which is one of the most important modifiable cardiovascular risk factor, is still high prevalent in general population. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia and hypercholesterolemia awareness in a very large population.

Methods
More than 65 000 users completed the online, self-administered survey. It was structured like a ‘journey’ where each stage corresponded to a cardiovascular risk factor: blood pressure, body mass index, cholesterol, diet, physical exercise, smoke and blood sugar. At the end, the user received a final evaluation of his health status.

Results
The mean age was 52.5 years (SD 13.9, range 18–98), with 35 402 (53.7%) men. About 56% of all participants believed to have normal cholesterol values, when only 40% of them really showed values &lt;200 mg/dl. Only about 30% of all participants self-predicted to have abnormal cholesterol values whereas we found high cholesterol levels in about 60% of people.

Conclusions
Dyslipidemia is very prevalent and half of the people with high cholesterol is not aware of having high values.
A risk-prediction score for colorectal lesions on 12,628 participants at high risk of colorectal cancer
Authors: Liang Lixin , Liang Yingru , Li Ke , Qin Pengzhe , Lin Guozhen , Li Yan , Xu Huan , Wang Suixiang , Jing Qinlong , Liang Boheng , Xu Lin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe uptake of colonoscopy is low in individuals at risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). We constructed a risk-prediction score (RPS) in a large community-based sample at high risk of CRC to enable more accurate risk stratification and to motivate and increase the uptake rate of colonoscopy.MethodsA total of 12,628 participants classified as high-risk according to positivity of immunochemical fecal occult blood tests or High-Risk Factor Questionnaire underwent colonoscopy. Logistic regression was used to derive a RPS and analysed the associations of the RPS with colorectal lesions, giving odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsOf the participants, men (OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.58–1.90), older age (≥65 years; 1.41, 1.31–1.53), higher body mass index (≥28 kg/m2; 1.22, 1.07–1.39), ever smoking (1.47, 1.31–1.65), and weekly alcohol use (1.28, 1.09–1.52) were associated with a higher risk of colorectal lesions. We assigned 1 point to each of the above five risk factors and derived a RPS ranging from 0 to 5, with a higher score indicating a higher risk. Compared with a RPS of 0, a RPS of 1, 2, 3, and 4–5 showed a higher risk of colorectal lesions, with the OR (95% CI) being 1.50 (1.37–1.63), 2.34 (2.12–2.59), 3.58 (3.13–4.10), and 3.91 (3.00–5.10), respectively. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of RPS in predicting colorectal lesions was 0.62.ConclusionsParticipants with an increase in the RPS of ≥1 point had a significantly higher risk of colorectal lesions, suggesting the urgency for measuring colonoscopy in this very high-risk group. High-risk strategies incorporating RPS may be employed to achieve a higher colonoscopy-uptake rate.