bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic significance of resting cardiac power to left ventricular mass and E/e’ ratio in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Chen Cong , Zhao Jie , Xue Ruicong , Liu Xiao , Zhu Wengen , Ye Min 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundCardiac power-to-left ventricular mass (power/mass) is an index reflecting the muscular hydraulic pump capability of the heart, and the E/e’ ratio is a specific indicator for identifying increased left ventricular filling pressure. Limited data exist regarding the prognostic value of incorporating power/mass and E/e’ ratio in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).Materials and methodsIn total, 475 patients with HFpEF from the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist (TOPCAT) trial with complete baseline echocardiography data were included in our analysis. Patients were categorized into four groups according to power/mass and E/e’ ratio. The risk of outcomes was examined using Cox proportional hazards models and competing risk models.ResultsPatients with low power/mass and high E/e’ were more likely to be males (60.5%), with higher waist circumference, and had a higher prevalence of diabetes (52.1%), atrial fibrillation (50.4%), and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Combined resting power/mass and E/e’ have graded correlations with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and clinical outcomes in patients with HFpEF. After multivariable adjustments, an integrative approach combining power/mass and E/e’ remained to be a powerful prognostic predictor, with the highest HRs of clinical outcomes observed in patients with low power/mass and high E/e’ (all-cause mortality: HR 3.45; 95% CI: 1.69–7.05; P = 0.001; hospitalization for heart failure: HR 3.27; 95% CI: 1.60–6.67; P = 0.001; and primary endpoint: HR 3.07; 95% CI: 1.73–5.42; P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionIn patients with HFpEF, an echo-derived integrated approach incorporating resting power/mass and E/e’ ratio remained to be a powerful prognosis predictor and may be useful to risk-stratify patients with this heterogeneous syndrome.Clinical Trial Registration[https://clinicaltrials.gov], identifier [NCT00094302].
A GIS-based multi-hazard assessment at the San Pedro volcano, Central Andes, northern Chile
Authors: Alcozer-Vargas Nicolás , Reyes-Hardy María-Paz , Esquivel Alfredo , Aguilera Felipe 
Published: August 2022

Recent advances in the modeling of volcanic phenomena have allowed scientists to better understand the stochastic behavior of volcanic systems. Eruptions can produce various types of volcanic phenomena of different sizes. The size of a given volcanic phenomenon dominates its spatial distribution and is commonly represented by volume/mass parameters in the models that reproduce their behavior. Multi-hazard assessments depend on first-order parameters to forecast hazards at a given geographic location. However, few multi-hazard assessments consider the size of the eruption (e.g., tephra fallout) to co-parameterize the size of the accompanying phenomena (e.g., mass flows) in a given eruptive scenario. Furthermore, few studies simulate multi-phenomenon eruptive scenarios with semi-continuous variations in their size, something that allows a better quantification of the aleatoric variability of the system. Here, we present a multi-hazard assessment of the San Pedro volcano, a high-threat volcano from northern Chile, that produced two large-size Plinian eruptions (VEI 5 and 6) in the last 16 ka, and ten Strombolian eruptions (VEI 2) between 1870 and 2021 CE, with the latest occurring on 2 December 1960 CE. We use intra-scenarios (i.e., subdivisions of eruptive scenarios) to explore the size variability of explosive volcanic phenomena. The size of intra-scenarios is extrapolated from the largest-size deposits of each type of phenomenon from the geologic record of the San Pedro volcano. We simulate explosive intra-scenarios for tephra fallout, concentrated PDCs, and lahars, and effusive scenarios for blocky lava flows. On the local scale, mass flows are likely (66–100%) to affect transport and energy infrastructure within a 14 km radius of the volcano. On the regional scale, large-size eruptions (VEI 5) in the rainy season are about as likely as not (33–66%) to accumulate 1 cm of tephra on energy, transport, and mining infrastructure over a 50 km radius, and these same eruptions are unlikely (10–33%) to accumulate 1 cm of tephra on the city of Calama. This work shows how multi-phenomenon intra-scenarios can be applied to better quantify the aleatoric variability of the type and size of volcanic phenomena in hazard assessments.
Redating the Zhuwobu Paleolithic site in the Huailai basin, North China, using the MET-pIRIR procedure on K-feldspars
Authors: GUO Yujie , XIAN Qi , LU Chun , NIU Dongwei 
Published: August 2022

As part of the “generalized Nihewan Basin”, the Huailai basin has recently attracted archaeologists’ attention. Ten Paleolithic sites were found in this basin in 2014; among these, the Zhuwobu site is the oldest―dated to 504 ± 76 ka using the electron spin resonance (ESR) dating method. This study redated the Zhuwobu site using the multiple elevated temperatures (MET) post infrared (pIR) infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) procedure (MET-pIRIR) on both multi-grained single and multiple aliquots of potassium-rich feldspars (K-feldspars). The consistency of the Deresults obtained from the single- and multiple-aliquot procedures mutually supported the reliability of our age results. Our results suggest that the cultural layer at this site was deposited about 280 ± 13 ka (MIS 8) ago, ∼220 ka younger than the previous ESR age. Considering the region’s tectonic history and the characteristics of the sedimentary facies for the ZWB site, we suggested that the previous ESR age results for the bottom three samples from the sediment profile might be overestimated due to poor bleaching before burial. In contrast, the ESR age of 346 ± 32 ka (MIS 10) for one cultural-layer collected sample might be more reliable due to higher-quality bleaching before burial. Further archaeological, geological, and chronological studies are needed to explore the ancient hominins’ survival conditions in the “generalized Nihewan Basin” and possible connections with the renowned Zhoukoudian sites.
Exploration of molecular features of PCOS with different androgen levels and immune-related prognostic biomarkers associated with implantation failure
Authors: Gao Qinyu , Ma Cong , Meng Shuyu , Wang Guanxiong , Xing Qiong , Xu Yuping , He Xiaojin , Wang Tianjuan , Cao Yunxia 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common heterogeneous reproductive disease afflicting women of childbearing age, has been recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease recently. Most PCOS patients have hyperandrogenism, indicating a poor prognosis and poor pregnancy outcomes. The molecular mechanism underlying PCOS development is still unknown. In the present study, we investigated the gene expression profiling characteristics of PCOS with hyperandrogenism (HA) or without hyperandrogenism (NHA) and identified immune-related factors that correlated with embryo implantation failure.MethodsPCOS and recurrent implantation failure (RIF) microarray datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. ClueGO software was used to perform enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in PCOS with varying androgen levels. The Weighted Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify co-expressed modules and shared gene signatures between HA PCOS and RIF. Moreover, the upregulated DEGs of HA PCOS and RIF were intersected with shared gene signatures screening by WGCNA to excavate further key prognostic biomarkers related to implantation failure of HA PCOS. The selected biomarker was verified by qRT-PCR.ResultsA total of 271 DEGs were found in HA PCOS granulosa cell samples, and 720 DEGs were found in NHA PCOS. According to CuleGO enrichment analysis, DEGs in HA PCOS are enriched in immune activation and inflammatory response. In contrast, DEGs in NHA PCOS are enriched in mesenchymal cell development and extracellular space. Using WGCNA analysis, we discovered 26 shared gene signatures between HA PCOS and RIF, which were involved in corticosteroid metabolism, bone maturation and immune regulation. DAPK2 was furtherly screened out and verified to be closely related with the development of HA PCOS, acting as an independent predictor biomarker of the embryo implantation failure. DAPK2 expression was negatively correlated to the embryo implantation rate (r=-0.474, P=0.003). The immune infiltration results suggested that upregulated DAPK2 expression was closely related with NK cell infiltration and macrophage M2, playing an essential role in the pathogenesis of implantation failure in HA PCOS.ConclusionOur research revealed the expression profiling of PCOS with different androgen levels and identified DAPK2 as a critical prognostic biomarker for implantation failure in PCOS.
The efficacy and safety of evogliptin for type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tang Qizhi , Pan Weiyu , Peng Liangyue 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionThe dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP-4i) drugs, such as evogliptin, as the second-line drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treatment have been reported to facilitate insulin secretion by reducing glucagon and inhibiting glucagon like peptides. With a vague consensus, the advantageous and non-inferior effects of evogliptin relative to other DPP-4i drugs were recently demonstrated on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and overall adverse events in T2DM patients. Thus, the aim was to evaluate the overall influence of evogliptin on HbA1c levels and the adverse events in T2DM patients compared to sitagliptin and linagliptin.MethodsComplying with PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic literature search in databases and a meta-analysis. Data about HbA1c levels and the adverse events of T2DM patients were collected and analyzed.ResultsFrom 1,397 studies, we found five matched studies involving 845 subjects (mean age: 54.7 ± 3 years). The meta-analysis revealed that evogliptin was non-inferior to sitagliptin/linagliptin with a mean difference of 0.062 (95% CI: -0.092 to 0.215. I2: 0%. P = 0.431) regarding the HbA1c level reduction, and the risk ratio was -0.006 (95% CI: -0.272 to 0.260. I2: 1.7%. P = 0.966) regarding the adverse effects, indicating no significant difference between evogliptin and linagliptin or sitagliptin in affecting the HbA1c level and adverse effects.ConclusionThe study provides preliminary evidence regarding the similarity in the efficacy of evogliptin compared to other DPP-4i drugs, including sitagliptin and linagliptin, for managing HbA1c levels and adverse events.
Seasonal variation, sources, and risk assessment of PM2.5-bound PAHs in Nantong, China: A pre- and post-COVID-19 case study
Authors: Guo Xinying , Chen Feng , Lu Juan , Zhang Weibing 
Published: August 2022

Between 2018 and 2022, a total of 231 PM2.5 samples were collected in Nantong, China, and analyzed online for 16 US EPA PAHs utilizing a variety of analytical methodologies, including high-performance liquid chromatography data analysis, principal component analysis, and characteristic ratio analysis. The seasonal variation and pollution characteristics of 16 PAHs in PM2.5 over a long period in Nantong, China, were analyzed, and correlations and traceability changes with a variety of emission sources were established. Additionally, health assessment models for BaP equivalent concentration, daily exposure dose, lifetime excess risk of cancer, and life expectancy loss were constructed for various ages and genders. The results indicated that the total number of days with BaP concentrations less than the national limit standard of 1.0 ng/m3 was 60.17% (139/231), with rates of 25.40%, 35.71%, and 94.05% from 2019 to 2021, respectively; the total concentration range of 16 PAHs demonstrated a downward trend, but pollution was relatively severe in winter. The seasonal variation showed winter &gt; autumn &gt; spring &gt; summer. The detection rates of 4 and 5 rings were generally high and fluctuated between dropping and increasing. Principal factor analysis and characteristic ratio traceability analysis indicated that PAH pollution is primarily caused by local coal-fired sources and traffic emissions, with a new trend of biomass combustion. Furthermore, BaP remains the primary contributor to carcinogenic factors, and the health risk is higher in females than in males, and in adults than in children. A low level of PAHs in the air may have health benefits. Traffic control and flow restrictions, as well as production restrictions, are all part of Nantong’s COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control policies. These policies contributed to PAH risk prevention and control, as well as pollution reduction.
Inflammatory bowel disease and celiac disease: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Shi Yue , Feng Sijia , Yan Mengdie , Wei Shuyan , Yang Kejia , Feng Yue 
Published: August 2022

Objective: Although previous epidemiological studies have reported substantial links between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), and celiac disease (CeD), the causal relationship between the two remains unknown. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the bidirectional causation between IBD and CeD using Mendelian randomization (MR).Method: We obtained genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data of IBD (CD and UC) and CeD of thoroughly European ancestry from the IEU GWAS database. We screened eligible instrumental variables (IVs) according to the three assumptions of MR. MR was performed using MR-Egger, weighted median (WM), and inverse variance weighted (IVW) methods. The MR-Egger intercept and MR-PRESSO method investigated the horizontal pleiotropy effect. A leave-one-out analysis was performed to prevent bias caused by a single SNP.Results: The study assessed a bidirectional causal effect between CD and CeD; CD increased the risk of CeD (IVW odds ratio (OR) = 1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.19–1.35, p = 3.75E-13) and vice-a-versa (IVW OR = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.05–1.13, p = 1.39E-05). Additionally, CeD was influenced by IBD (IVW OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.16–1.34, p = 9.42E-10) and UC (IVW OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.83–0.98, p = 0.017). However, we observed no evidence of a causal relationship between CeD and IBD (IVW OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.97–1.04, p = 0.900) or UC (IVW OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.92–1.02, p = 0.172).Conclusion: The present study revealed that IBD and CeD have a bidirectional causal relationship. However, it is slightly different from the results of previous observational studies, recommending that future studies focus on the mechanisms of interaction between CD and CeD.
Comparative population dynamics of two sympatric Palaemon shrimps (Palaemon adspersus Rathke, 1836 and Palaemon elegans Rathke, 1836) from the Southeast Caspian Sea
Authors: Vejan Alti , Patimar Rahman , Jafaryan Hojjatallah , Gholizadeh Mohammad , Adineh Hossein , Aghilinezhad Seyyed Mostafa 
Published: August 2022

This study provides comparative information about population dynamics for the Palaemon adspersus Rathke, 1836 and P. elegans Rathke, 1836 shrimps on the southeastern coast of the Caspian Sea. Specimens were collected on a monthly basis between April 2019 and May 2020. A total of 9,643 specimens (8,478 P. adspersus and 1,165 P. elegans) were captured and examined. The highest abundance of both shrimps was observed in autumn. The male P. elegans ranged between 16.80 and 61.99 mm in total length and the females between 16.80 and 61.99 mm. The total length for male and female P. adspersus ranged from 21.46 to 69.29 mm and 18.24 to 75.46 mm, respectively. The mean ( ± SD) total length for the males and females of P. elegans was 33.65 ± 4.12 and 40.81 ± 6.59, whereas that of P. adspersus was 48.41 ± 6.27 for males and 54.68 ± 9.90 for females. Based on the b-value of LWR, the growth type of P. adspersus is positively allometric. Likewise, the relationships of female and pooled-sexes P. elegans was positively allometric, while that of male P. elegans was negatively allometric. The estimation of the VBGF parameters resulted as Total Length∞ (TL∞)=71.93 mm, K=0.72 y-1, and t0=-0.176 for males, and TL∞=78.23 mm, K=0.64 y-1, and t0=-0.194 for the females of P. adspersus, while for P. elegans as TL∞=56.13 mm, K=0.91 y-1, and t0=-0.147 for males and TL∞=65.63 mm, K=0.87 y-1, and t0=-0.148 for females. The size-frequency analysis showed that both shrimps were made up of two age groups. The recruitment pattern of the shrimps was continuous with a unimodal pulse for both males and females and showed that P. adspersus is mainly recruited during the autumn and early winter while for P. elegans, during mid-summer and early autumn. The estimated maximum age was 3.35/year for the males and 2.66/year for the females of P. adspersus and 3.78/year for the males and 3.33/year for the females of P. elegans. Therefore, in this case, P. elegans shrimp is more sensitive to death than P. adspersus. The findings point to the underlying notable differentiation of the growth of the shrimps governing the processes of population dynamics. We assume that these differences result from the contrasting life-history strategies of these two Palaemon shrimps.
Immunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer: Insights into tumor immune landscape and therapeutic opportunities
Authors: Ribeiro Rita , Carvalho Maria João , Goncalves João , Moreira João Nuno 
Published: August 2022

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a clinically aggressive subtype of breast cancer that represents 15–20% of breast tumors and is more prevalent in young pre-menopausal women. It is the subtype of breast cancers with the highest metastatic potential and recurrence at the first 5 years after diagnosis. In addition, mortality increases when a complete pathological response is not achieved. As TNBC cells lack estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptors, patients do not respond well to hormone and anti-HER2 therapies, and conventional chemotherapy remains the standard treatment. Despite efforts to develop targeted therapies, this disease continues to have a high unmet medical need, and there is an urgent demand for customized diagnosis and therapeutics. As immunotherapy is changing the paradigm of anticancer treatment, it arises as an alternative treatment for TNBC patients. TNBC is classified as an immunogenic subtype of breast cancer due to its high levels of tumor mutational burden and presence of immune cell infiltrates. This review addresses the implications of these characteristics for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of the disease. Herein, the role of immune gene signatures and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes as biomarkers in TNBC is reviewed, identifying their application in patient diagnosis and stratification, as well as predictors of efficacy. The expression of PD-L1 expression is already considered to be predictive of response to checkpoint inhibitor therapy, but the challenges regarding its value as biomarker are described. Moreover, the rationales for different formats of immunotherapy against TNBC currently under clinical research are discussed, and major clinical trials are highlighted. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have demonstrated clinical benefit, particularly in early-stage tumors and when administered in combination with chemotherapy, with several regimens approved by the regulatory authorities. The success of antibody–drug conjugates and research on other emerging approaches, such as vaccines and cell therapies, will also be addressed. These advances give hope on the development of personalized, more effective, and safe treatments, which will improve the survival and quality of life of patients with TNBC.
Specific sensorimotor interneuron circuits are sensitive to cerebellar-attention interactions
Authors: Mirdamadi Jasmine L. , Meehan Sean K. 
Published: August 2022

Background: Short latency afferent inhibition (SAI) provides a method to investigate mechanisms of sensorimotor integration. Cholinergic involvement in the SAI phenomena suggests that SAI may provide a marker of cognitive influence over implicit sensorimotor processes. Consistent with this hypothesis, we previously demonstrated that visual attention load suppresses SAI circuits preferentially recruited by anterior-to-posterior (AP)-, but not posterior-to-anterior (PA)-current induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation. However, cerebellar modulation can also modulate these same AP-sensitive SAI circuits. Yet, the consequences of concurrent cognitive and implicit cerebellar influences over these AP circuits are unknown.Objective: We used cerebellar intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) to determine whether the cerebellar modulation of sensory to motor projections interacts with the attentional modulation of sensory to motor circuits probed by SAI.Methods: We assessed AP-SAI and PA-SAI during a concurrent visual detection task of varying attention load before and after cerebellar iTBS.Results: Before cerebellar iTBS, a higher visual attention load suppressed AP-SAI, but not PA-SAI, compared to a lower visual attention load. Post-cerebellar iTBS, the pattern of AP-SAI in response to visual attention load, was reversed; a higher visual attention load enhanced AP-SAI compared to a lower visual attention load. Cerebellar iTBS did not affect PA-SAI regardless of visual attention load.Conclusion: These findings suggest that attention and cerebellar networks converge on overlapping AP-sensitive circuitry to influence motor output by controlling the strength of the afferent projections to the motor cortex. This interaction has important implications for understanding the mechanisms of motor performance and learning.