bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial dysfunction due to in vitro exposure to atrazine and its metabolite in striatum
Authors: Karadayian Analía G. , Paez Bárbara , Bustamante Juanita , Lores‐Arnaiz Silvia , Czerniczyniec Analía 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAtrazine (2‐chloro‐4‐ethylamino‐6‐isopropylamino‐s‐triazine) has been described as a potential toxic for dopaminergic metabolism both in vivo and in vitro. Its main metabolite diamino‐chloro triazine (DACT) has been shown to achieve higher levels in brain tissue than atrazine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effects of atrazine and DACT on striatal mitochondrial function, active oxygen species generation, and nitric oxide (NO) content. Incubation of mitochondria with atrazine (10 µM) was not able to modify oxygen consumption. However, a 50% increase in malate‐glutamate state 4 respiratory rates was observed after DACT treatment (100 µM) without changes in respiratory state 3. Atrazine was able to inhibit complex I–III activity by 30% and DACT induced a tendency to decrease by 17% in the striatum. Regarding reactive oxygen species (ROS), DACT increased H2O2 production by 43%. Also, superoxide anion levels were higher (14%) after atrazine exposure than in control mitochondria. Incubation of striatal mitochondria with atrazine and DACT induced membrane depolarization by 15% and 19%, respectively. Also, atrazine increased NO content by 10% but no significant changes were observed after exposure of mitochondria to DACT. Glutathione peroxidase activity was inhibited (56%) by DACT and atrazine inhibited superoxide dismutase activity by 60%. Also, cardiolipin oxidation (15%) was observed after atrazine treatment. Summing up, the obtained results suggest that in vitro atrazine and DACT induce ROS production affecting striatal mitochondrial function. The atrazine effects would be attributed to a direct effect on the mitochondrial respiratory chain and superoxide dismutase activity while DACT appears to disturb glutathione‐related enzyme system.
Binding free energy of several sterols to the N‐terminal domain of Niemann‐Pick C1‐like 1 protein due to mutation: Molecular dynamics study
Authors: Yoon Hye‐Jin , Lee Yeeun , Jeong Jian , Jang Soonmin , Lee Hyung Ho , Kim Gap‐Sue 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe membrane protein Niemann‐Pick type C1‐like 1 (NPC1L1) plays a central role in the absorption of cholesterol in the small intestine. Other sterols, notably vitamin E and vitamin K1 also utilize NPC1L1 as a membrane transporter even though other absorption paths exist. Many NPC1L1 mutations causing the disease due to poor transport of cholesterol are known. It is not clear at this moment if the same mutation can lead to reduced transport behavior with these vitamins. In this study, we have obtained the binding free energies of these two sterols using molecular dynamics simulation and compared these values with the cholesterol‐binding free energy. The N‐terminal domain (NTD) of the wild as well as the disease‐causing two mutations, T61M and L110F, are used for this purpose. The result indicates that the mutations show reduced binding affinity compared to the wild except for the vitamin K1 in the T61M mutant, which has increased binding free energy. Also, we found the similarity of the key amino acids responsible for the change of free energy by mutation between T61M and L110F. At the same time, non‐negligible differences exist also.
Faculty caring behavior and effect on dental hygiene students’ worry or anxiety
Authors: Gillespie Kelly , Boyd Linda D. , Perry Kristeen R. , Vineyard Jared 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPurpose/ObjectivesStudies in health professional students have shown the students' perception of instructor caring behaviors had a positive impact on student behaviors and their anxiety. Health professional students are under high emotional and academic demands during entry‐level programs which can lead to higher anxiety. The purpose of this study was to measure the relationship between worry or anxiety and dental hygiene students’ perceptions of faculty caring behaviors.MethodsCross‐sectional survey research was conducted with a convenience sample of dental hygiene students (n = 355) in the United States using a web‐based survey. The validated instruments Nursing Students’ Perceptions of Instructor Caring (NSPIC) and Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) were used for data collection. The NSPIC contains five subscales including instilling confidence through caring (CTC), supportive learning climate, appreciation of life's meanings, control versus flexibility (F), and respectful sharing (RS). Data analysis included descriptive, correlation, and multiple linear regression.ResultsThe completion rate was 66% (n = 235). Findings showed the NSPIC subscale, CTC had a statistically significantly higher median score than other NSPIC sub‐scales (p < 0001). The NSPIC subscale RS had the second‐highest median score. The results of the PSWQ showed that 48% of participants were in the chronic worrier category. Regression analysis showed CTC was a significant predictor of worry (p < 0.001) and a one‐unit increase in CTC resulted in a 0.21 decrease in the PSWQ score.ConclusionOur findings suggested instilling CTC behaviors was the most significant faculty caring behavior and was associated with lower levels of student worry.The results from this study may aid in identifying and developing effective caring behaviors for faculty to support students during stressful dental and allied dental curricula.
The longevity of fencing out livestock as a method of decreasing contaminant concentrations in a headwater stream
Authors: McDowell R. W. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWater quality can be improved by fencing off streams from livestock. However, the remedial effect of fencing can fail as livestock trample near stream areas. Water samples were taken every 3–4 wk, and flow was monitored over time in a headwater stream from 2003 to 2019. In November 2005, the stream edge and an area near the stream used for wallowing by farmed red deer was fenced off and planted in native trees, shrubs, and grasses. Contaminant (nitrogen and phosphorus species, sediment, and the fecal indicator bacteria Escherichia coli) concentrations decreased after fencing until at least 2013 (55–84%). However, nitrate concentrations more than doubled owing to the use of a portion of the catchment for a grazed winter forage crop in 2013. Most concentrations remained low after fencing, but sediment concentrations slowing increased (3% yr−1), which was attributed to animal tracking near the fence line. The presence of stock in the catchment enriched stormflow losses but prevented losses during baseflow. These data indicate that, when implemented well, fencing and planting could potentially sustain good water quality for decades in farmed red deer systems.
Dosimetric evaluation of adult and paediatric brain tumours planned using mask‐based cobalt‐60 fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy compared to linear accelerator‐based volumetric modulated arc therapy
Authors: Fong Chin Heng , Heaton Robert , Liu Zhihui Amy , Li Kecheng , van Prooijen Monique , Cho Young‐Bin , Shultz David B. , Tsang Derek S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionWe conducted a study to evaluate the dosimetric feasibility of mask‐based cobalt‐60 fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (mcfSRT) with the Leksell Gamma Knife® Icon™ device.MethodsEleven patients with intracranial tumours were selected for this dosimetry study. These patients, previously treated with volumetric arc therapy (VMAT), were re‐planned using mcfSRT. Target volume coverage, conformity/gradient indices, doses to organs at risk and treatment times were compared between the mcfSRT and VMAT plans. Two‐sided paired Wilcoxon signed‐rank test was used to compare differences between the two plans.ResultsThe V95 for PTV was similar between fractionated mcfSRT and VMAT (P = 0.47). The conformity index and gradient indices were 0.9 and 3.3, respectively, for mcfSRT compared to 0.7 and 4.2, respectively, for VMAT (P < 0.001 and 0.004, respectively). The radiation exposure to normal brain was lower for mcfSRT across V10, V25 and V50 compared with VMAT (P = 0.007, <0.001 and <0.001, respectively). The median D0.1cc for optic nerve and chiasm as well as the median D50 to the hippocampi were lower for mcfSRT compared to VMAT. Median beam‐on time for mcfSRT was 9.7 min per fraction, compared to 0.9 min for VMAT (P = 0.002).ConclusionmcfSRT plans achieve equivalent target volume coverage, improved conformity and gradient indices, and reduced radiation doses to organs at risk as compared with VMAT plans. These results suggest superior dosimetric parameters for mcfSRT plans and can form the basis for future prospective studies.
Duration of antiretroviral therapy impacts the degree of residual SIV infection in the gut in long‐term non‐progressing Chinese rhesus macaques
Authors: Solis‐Leal Antonio , May Ann‐Marie , Mohan Mahesh , Dufour Jason P. , Ling Binhua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe gut is a major reservoir in HIV‐infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and in long‐term non‐progressors (LTNPs). Whether ART reduces gut infection and reservoirs in LTNPs is unknown. Herein, SIV‐infected LTNP Rhesus macaques were treated with short‐ or long‐term ART, and SIV envelope gp120 sequences obtained from single genome amplification were analyzed before and after ART in peripheral blood and the intestine. Although ART does not eliminate SIV in these LTNPs, a longer ART period dramatically reduces SIV infection in the gut. This study highlights the importance of long‐term ART in LTNPs to minimize gut infection and prolong remission.
Development of chemiluminescent lab‐on‐fiber immunosensors for rapid point‐of‐care testing of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies and evaluation of longitudinal immune response kinetics following three‐dose inactivation virus vaccination
Authors: Xu Wenjuan , Song Dan , Liu Jiayao , Han Xiangzhi , Xu Jiaxin , Zhu Anna , Long Feng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDeveloping reliable, rapid, and quantitative point‐of‐care testing (POCT) technology of SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific antibodies and understanding longitudinal vaccination response kinetics are highly required to restrain the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. We demonstrate a novel portable, sensitive, and rapid chemiluminescent lab‐on‐fiber detection platform for detection of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies: the chemiluminescent lab‐on‐fiber immunosensor (c‐LOFI). Using SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike S1 RBD protein functionalized fiber bio‐probe, the c‐LOFI can detect anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies with high sensitivity based on their respective horseradish peroxidase‐labeled secondary antibodies. The limits of detection of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG and IgM antibodies were 0.6 and 0.3 ng/ml, respectively. The c‐LOFI was successfully applied for direct detection of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies in whole blood samples with simple dilution, which can serve as a finger prick test to rapidly detect antibodies. Furthermore, the longitudinal immune response (>12 months) kinetics following three‐dose inactivated virus vaccines was evaluated based on anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG detection results, which can provide important significance for understanding the immune mechanism against COVID‐19 and identify individuals who may benefit from the vaccination and booster vaccination. The c‐LOFI has great potential to become a sensitive, low‐cost, rapid, high‐frequency POCT tool for the detection of both SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific antibodies and other biomarkers.
Bone marrow oxalosis with pancytopenia in a patient with short bowel syndrome: Report of a case and review of the literature
Authors: Bering Jamie L. , Wiedmeier‐Nutor Julia E. , Sproat Lisa , DiBaise John K. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSystemic oxalosis is a condition in which calcium oxalate crystals deposit into various bodily tissues. Although this may occur as the result of a rare primary syndrome in which an error of glyoxylate metabolism causes an overproduction of oxalate, it is more often seen as a secondary process characterized by increased enteric oxalate absorption. Here, we describe a patient with short bowel syndrome on long‐term parenteral nutrition support who developed a unique manifestation of systemic oxalosis, leading to deposition of oxalate crystals within the bone marrow contributing to pancytopenia. In this report, in addition to reviewing the literature on this presumably rare manifestation of oxalosis, we also discuss its pathogenesis in the setting of short bowel syndrome and its management, including prevention.
Missingness mechanism messiness in meta‐analysis: A response to “The importance of plausible data‐generating mechanisms in simulation studies”
Authors: Lee Jihyun , Beretvas S. Natasha 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe current paper responds to the commentary on the article (doi:10.1002/jrsm.1605). We discuss our perspectives on the missing data mechanisms and models assumed and used in our simulation study while acknowledging the inherent generalizability limitations of any (simulation) study. The plausibility of the exact missing data mechanism is challenging to definitively identify in any applied dataset. We describe and justify our assumed scenario in meta‐regression that we investigated. We also revisit the performance of the deletion method and how it is tied into the assumed missingness model. Lastly, we reiterate the importance of conducting sensitivity analyses assessing different ways of handling missing data given different assumptions and offer this study as a starting point for future research.
The importance of plausible data‐generating mechanisms in simulation studies: A response to ‘Comparing methods for handling missing covariates in meta‐regression’ by Lee and Beretvas (doi: 10.1002/jrsm.1585)
Authors: White Ian R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe paper by Lee and Beretvas (doi:10.1002/jrsm.1585) described a well‐executed simulation study comparing ‘modern’ with ‘ad hoc’ methods for performing meta‐regression when some covariates are incomplete. However, they drew practical conclusions after simulating data under a single missing data mechanism which favoured the ‘modern’ methods, while other missing data mechanisms would have favoured the ‘ad hoc’ methods. Broad recommendations about methods to use in practice should instead be based on simulation studies using a range of plausible data‐generating mechanisms. This range must represent what is believed likely to occur in practice, and not what is convenient for statistical analysis.
The effect of mixed micelle formation on the dynamics of phase partitioning for a polydisperse ethoxylated nonionic surfactant
Authors: Kibbey Tohren C. G. , Chen Lixia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMixed surfactants are common in practical applications, and their behaviors are often observed to deviate from the behaviors of pure surfactants with similar average properties in striking, and sometimes unexpected ways. The focus of this work was on exploring the role of mixed micelle formation in a mixed ethoxylated nonionic surfactant on the dynamics of partitioning between immiscible phases. The work examined partitioning of an ethoxylated nonylphenol surfactant between water and tetrachloroethylene (PCE) in a stagnant system at two different phase volume ratios. A model describing partitioning rate was developed and calibrated to experimental data, and then used to predict the long‐term dynamic approach to equilibrium in mixed and pure systems. The work suggests that micelle formation slows partitioning time by limiting the concentration of monomers in water; in pure systems, time to approach equilibrium increases with increasing concentration, but then reaches a maximum. However, in mixed systems, time to approach equilibrium continues to increase with increasing concentration over the physically‐possible concentration range. For the mixed system studied here, partitioning could be expected to take two orders of magnitude longer at very high concentrations than a similar pure system. Because of the similarity of the mathematics, this result might be expected for any monomer‐driven interaction, such as adsorption or interfacial tension reduction.
Physiological properties and genomic insights into the plant growth‐promoting rhizobacterium Brevibacillus laterosporus K75 isolated from maize rhizosphere
Authors: Świątczak Joanna , Kalwasińska Agnieszka , Wojciechowska Anna , Brzezinska Maria Swiontek 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDWhen looking for a safer alternative to pesticides that are potentially harmful to living organisms, one of the directions worth looking at are plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria. The purpose of the research was a comprehensive characterization of Brevibacillus laterosporus K75, a strain isolated from maize rhizosphere. Many studies have proved B. laterosporus to be a biocontrol agent; however, little is known about B. laterosporus as a plant growth‐promoting rhizobacterium.RESULTSNinety strains were screened for plant growth‐promoting activities. Four strains with the best plant growth‐promoting traits (Rhodococcus qingshengii K8, Bacillus subtilis subsp. stercoris K73, Brevibacillus laterosporus K75, and Brevibacillus laterosporus K89) were used to research their effect on maize growth. Under sterile conditions, B. laterosporus K75 showed the best stimulatory effect, significantly improving the weight of roots, shoots and leaves, and considerably increasing content of chlorophyll. In unsterilized soil, B. laterosporus K75 significantly improved length of roots and weight of leaves compared to the K73, K89, and untreated control. Moreover, B. laterosporus K75 significantly increased specific leaf area compared to the untreated control and to other inoculant treatments. The genome of B. laterosporus K75 was compared to the recently published B. laterosporus MG64. Genome‐mining displayed differences in identified plant growth‐promoting genes and biosynthetic gene clusters of secondary metabolites. The B. laterosporus K75 genome possessed additional genes involved in indole‐3‐acetic acid production and phosphate solubilization that could be attributed to its ability to enhance maize growth.CONCLUSIONOur study demonstrated that B. laterosporus K75 is a promising candidate for use in inoculant formulation, effectively facilitating maize growth. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Breast Surgical Oncology Fellowship applicant selection and ranking: A survey of Society of Surgical Oncology programs
Authors: Hedges Elizabeth A. , Khan Tahsin M. , Teke Martha , Wach Michael M. , Hernandez Jonathan M. , Hoover Susan J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIn 2003, the Society of Surgical Oncology (SSO) initiated a breast surgical oncology fellowship, which has now grown to 60 SSO accredited programs as of 2021. Limited knowledge exists on the traits of successful applicants and the factors influencing the rank list.MethodsA web‐based, anonymous survey was sent to all SSO Breast Surgical Oncology Fellowship program directors. The survey consisted of 26 questions. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze survey responses and evaluate impact on applicant interview and rank list.ResultsThirty‐four programs (57% response rate) completed the survey. Programs received an average of 70 applications and granted 24 interviews. Most programs reported a minimum ABSITE cut‐off score (n = 28, 82%) and a defined publication requirement (n = 22, 65%), including a first‐author requirement (n = 18, 53%) to extend an invitation to interview. For postinterview rank, applicant interpersonal skills were highly valued. The interview was the most important aspect for the rank list.ConclusionsMany programs have ABSITE and publication thresholds before offering an interview. Upon receiving interview invitation, the applicant's interview performance, interpersonal skills, and letters of recommendation were the most important aspect in rank list decision making.
An exploration of sustainability versus productivity and ecological stability in planted and natural forests in Sichuan, China
Authors: Li Ting , Wang Qi , Liu Yang , Lai Changhong , Lu Heng , Qiu Yuming , Peng Li , Tang Hao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractImplementation of the Natural Forest Protection Project and Grain‐for‐Green Program in China has promoted forest restoration, increased productivity, and enhanced carbon stocks. However, few studies have characterized temporal and spatial variation in productivity and ecological stability in planted and natural forests and evaluated the factors driving such variation. In this study, we used 1399 permanent forest plots to identify change patterns in the productivity and temporal stability of above‐ground biomass (AGB), and evaluate the factors driving these changes in planted and natural forests in Sichuan Province, China. The mean temporal stability of AGB was higher for natural forests than for planted forests from 1979 to 2017; While the productivity of planted forests was higher. The stability decreased at a rate of −0.013 yr−1 in entire natural forests and −0.011 yr−1 in planted forests, and the productivity of natural forests decreased significantly over time, with a slope of −0.0065 Mg ha−1 yr−1. Altitude, latitude, annual precipitation, and stand age dominated variability in the productivity and AGB stability of natural forests. Richness, tree density, and stand age were the determinants of productivity and stability in the planted forest. Our results suggest that selective thinning, enriching species richness, and forest stand age can effectively balance the productivity and biomass temporal stability of planted forests. Due to climate change, older natural forests should be strictly protected.
Mixedgrass vegetation is tolerant to a short‐term but not season‐long access mat use during mitigation of industrial traffic
Authors: James Kassia S. , Thompson Karen A. , Carlyle Cameron N. , Quideau Sylvie A. , Bork Edward W. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGrasslands are impacted by many disturbances, including energy development. While temporary working platforms using access mats to support large equipment can minimize soil disturbance, less is known about matting impacts on grassland vegetation. We assessed heavy traffic effects on sandy and loamy Mixedgrass Prairie in southeast Alberta, Canada, where traffic occurred in 2015 either directly on grassland or on temporary matting. Vegetation was assessed in 2016 and 2017. Treatments varied in type (with/without matting), timing (spring vs. fall vs. season‐long) and duration (6 vs. 12 weeks, and 24 weeks for season‐long) of occurrence. While grass biomass was unaffected by direct wheeled traffic, native forb biomass declined, particularly during the first growing season; 1 year later, plots with prior long‐term matting had more native forbs. Where traffic occurred on mats, grass biomass decreased when mats were placed for 6 or 12 weeks in spring, or for the entire growing season. Longer mat use also increased introduced forbs, which were positively associated with soil nitrogen supply rates. Plant biomass changes from matting (less grass, more introduced forbs) were more apparent in loamy‐sand than loam soils. Overall, while direct traffic had limited impacts on vegetation, matting was more likely to alter vegetation, particularly when placed in spring or for longer periods, and further varied with ecosite type and the timing of traffic disturbance. We recommend that access mats be limited to placement for short periods (≤12 weeks), preferably in falling, to conserve mixedgrass prairie, while longer placement intervals be avoided.