bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of hardware‐in‐loop for DC‐link voltage balancing in hybrid ac/dc microgrid using interlinking converter
Authors: Vasantharaj Subramanian , Indragandhi Vairavasundaram 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBipolar hybrid ac/dc microgrid (MG) controls a DC and AC bus at the same time, supplies local loads with local resources, and offers multiple levels of dc voltages to resources and services. The applications are getting more popular in power systems. Due to its vital tasks in numerous applications, the interlinking converter (ILC) is an utmost crucial portion of the MG system. From this study, a 10‐switch converter is provided as an ILC for a hybrid MG, which gains from both two‐level (2L) and three‐level (3L) converters at the same time, and it can be used to a wider range of power levels. This work provides a space vector modulation (SVM) for a 10‐switch converter to maximize dc‐link voltage consumption and minimize total harmonic distortion (THD) compared with other modulation techniques. The behaviour of the suggested SVM is compared with that of sinusoidal PWM. The suggested SVM was evaluated using OPAL‐RT to show that it used DC bus voltage more reliably and produced significantly less THD than existing techniques. Furthermore, grid‐tied ILC's architecture is improved to reduce low‐order harmonics and used for dc‐link voltage balancing. A real‐time (RT) digital simulator (OP‐5700) was used to test the inverter control technique. In MG, this hardware‐in‐the‐loop simulation provides an excellent environment for designing and verifying system‐level control algorithms. Simulations were run in a MATLAB/Simulink environment and confirmed using an RT simulator to validate the feasibility of the suggested topology.
Preserving avian blood and DNA sampled in the wild: A survey of personal experiences
Authors: Di Lecce Irene , Sudyka Joanna , Westneat David F. , Szulkin Marta 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCollecting and storing biological material from wild animals in a way that does not deteriorate DNA quality for subsequent analyses is instrumental for research in ecology and evolution. Our aims were to gather reports on the effectiveness of methods commonly used by researchers for the field collection and long‐term storage of blood samples and DNA extracts from wild birds. Personal experiences were collected with an online survey targeted specifically at researchers sampling wild birds. Many researchers experienced problems with blood sample storage but not with DNA extract storage. Storage issues generated problems with obtaining adequate DNA quality and sufficient DNA quantity for the targeted molecular analyses but were not related to season of blood sampling, access to equipment, transporting samples, temperature, and method of blood storage. Final DNA quality and quantity were also not affected by storage time before DNA extraction or the methods used to extract DNA. We discuss practical aspects of field collection and storage and provide some general recommendations, with a list of pros and cons of different preservation methods of avian blood samples and DNA extracts.
The association between obesity with serum levels of liver enzymes, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma‐glutamyl transferase in adult women
Authors: Jalili Vahideh , Poorahmadi Zohreh , Hasanpour Ardekanizadeh Naeemeh , Gholamalizadeh Maryam , Ajami Marjan , Houshiarrad Anahita , Hajipour Azadeh , Shafie Fatemeh , Alizadeh Atiyeh , Mokhtari Zohreh , Shafaei Hanieh , Esmaeili Mina , Doaei Saeid 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundObesity‐induced inflammation may independently disturb the function of critical organs such as liver. This study aimed to investigate the association of obesity with serum levels of biomarkers of liver function including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT) in adult women.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was carried out on 360 adult women in the summer of 2020 in Tehran, Iran. The participants were categorized into two groups based on their body mass index (BMI≤29.9 and BMI > 30). The serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP and GGT were measured. Logistic regression method was used to assess the association between BMI and liver enzymes after adjusting for the confounders.ResultsThe mean BMI in non‐obese and obese groups was 26.32 ± 2.61 and 33.40 ± 2.80 kg/m2, respectively (p = .01). A significant association was found between BMI with ALT (β = .16, p = .002) and GGT (β = .19, p = .01) enzymes after adjustment for age. The association between BMI and GGT remained significant after further adjustments for smoking, alcohol use, physical activity and educational status. There was no significant association between BMI and liver enzymes after adjustment for dietary intake.ConclusionsObesity was associated with the level of serum liver enzymes. However, adjustment for dietary intake disappeared the significant results. Further studies are needed to determine the independent effects of obesity on the liver function.
Automated technique for building high‐frequency equivalent circuits of motors based on electromagnetic field analysis
Authors: Maki Kohji 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo estimate in advance the high‐frequency impedance of a motor, and its internal voltage distribution when an inverter surge is applied, a technique to derive the circuit constants of various parts of a motor based on electromagnetic field analysis and build its high‐frequency equivalent circuit, where each turn of the coils is separately modeled, has been developed. By switching between 2D and 3D analyses and between 1‐slot and 1‐pole models to accelerate the calculation method and by automating them in parallel, the developed technique even enables non‐experts to build an accurate high‐frequency equivalent circuit of a motor. Based on the accuracy verification, the shared voltage of coils can be estimated with an error of 20% or less by considering the frequency characteristics of the resistance and inductance of each turn of the coils and modeling a lead wire in the measurement setup.
Neuroendocrine hormone status and diuretic response to atrial natriuretic peptide in patients with acute heart failure
Authors: Matsumoto Shingo , Nakamura Norihito , Konishi Masaaki , Shibata Atsushi , Kida Keisuke , Ishii Shunsuke , Ikeda Takanori , Ikari Yuji 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsGiven the various effects of sacubitril/valsartan in heart failure, a deeper understanding of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) actions is warranted. Natriuresis is a fundamental action of ANP in acute heart failure (AHF), whereas the diuretic effect of ANP is different in each patient according to the diversity of renal response to ANP, which is affected by baseline plasma ANP status and deficiency of circulating ANP. Meanwhile, associations between other neuroendocrine hormones and the diuretic response to ANP are unclear. This study investigated the impact of pivotal neuroendocrine hormones on the diuretic effects of exogenous ANP, carperitide.Methods and resultsPlasma ANP, renin, aldosterone, and vasopressin levels and the diuretic effect of 0.0125 μg/kg/min of carperitide alone for the first 6 h were prospectively evaluated in 75 patients with AHF. Lower ANP levels were significantly associated with a greater diuretic response to exogenous ANP (r = −0.35, P = 0.002). Additionally, higher vasopressin levels were significantly related to the poor diuretic effects of exogenous ANP (r = −0.54, P < 0.001). Plasma ANP and vasopressin concentrations were not significantly correlated (r = 0.19, P = 0.10). Baseline systolic blood pressure, renal function, and prior use of loop diuretics did not predict the diuretic response to exogenous ANP, whereas vasopressin levels independently predicted a diuretic response to exogenous ANP (P < 0.001), as well as lower plasma ANP levels (P = 0.027).ConclusionsVasopressin status was significantly associated with the diuretic response to exogenous ANP in AHF, independent of plasma ANP status. The results may provide a better understanding of the actions of sacubitril/valsartan.
Contributory factors to truck crashes considering enforcement types, accounting for the enforcement endogeneity
Authors: Rezapour Mahdi , Ksaibati Khaled 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe U.S. economy depends on trucking industry for timely delivery of goods and product. However, the performance of the industry has been crippled by the tremendous costs of crashes. Despite the efforts in studying factors leading to truck crashes, a comprehensive study considering enforcement efforts on the safety of the trucking industry is very limited. Thus, this study contributes to the body of knowledge by studying underling factors causing truck crashes, while considering various types of citations. To account for subjectivity of the highway patrol in allocating their resources to specific locations, such as adjustment of their locations to better capture the violators, we considered the interaction terms between citation types and various geometric characteristics. That is especially important as the majority of past studies ignored the endogeneity of highway patrol in allocating the resources to particular locations. Also, to account for both aspects of truck crashes, including severity and frequency, equivalent property damage only were used as the response. The results highlighted, for instance, that interaction terms between commercial motor vehicle citations and presence of horizontal curve, or the interaction between the curve length and speed‐related citations are factors impacting the safety of truck‐related crashes. The results provided evidence that indeed highway patrol allocates their resources to locations with particular geometric characteristics, and ignoring those interaction terms is likely to result in biased point estimates. We discuss the implications of the findings that solely highlighting that the enforcement resources are negatively or positively correlated with crashes could not provide much information, and the inclusion of particular enforcement types with related interaction term could help highway patrol to amend their performance based on their discretion.
Parameter analysis of coupling characteristics and load‐sharing law of arch‐chord coupled anti‐sliding structure
Authors: Hu Guoping , Xia Yingzhi , Ruan Xiaoxue , Zheng Mingxin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractArch‐chord coupled anti‐sliding structure is a new type of anti‐sliding structure composed of multiple single piles in a specific form. The coupling effect of pile and soil is the most important key point. In this article, the factors that affect the coupling bearing capacity and load sharing ratio of the arch‐chord coupled anti‐sliding structure are screened out, and the rule that the evaluation index is affected by each factor is analyzed. The results show that, with the increase of pile diameter, the value of structural coupling ultimate bearing capacity increases exponentially, but the growth rate slows down gradually. With the increase of pile spacing, the value of structural coupling ultimate bearing capacity decreases. With the increase of soil cohesion around the pile, the value of structural coupling ultimate bearing capacity increases linearly. The coupling ultimate bearing capacity and load sharing ratio of the anti‐sliding structure are the most sensitive to the change of the internal friction angle of the soil around the pile, and the pile diameter has little effect on the evaluation indexes.
Elucidation and modulation of active sites in holey graphene electrocatalysts for H2O2 production
Authors: Koh Ki Hwan , Bagherzadeh Mostaghimi Amir Hassan , Chang Qiaowan , Kim Yu Joong , Siahrostami Samira , Han Tae Hee , Chen Zheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSelective electrochemical oxygen reduction (ORR) toward a two‐electron (2e−) pathway is an eco‐friendly alternative method for H2O2 synthesis to replace the energy‐intensive anthraquinone oxidation process. Carbon‐based electrocatalysts (CBEs) show great potential for practical H2O2 synthesis. However, their complex structures make it challenging to determine the nature of active sites and to precisely control them. Herein, we show that precise modulation of the chemistry and structures of holey graphene with edge sites enriched by oxygen‐containing functional groups can facilitate 2e− ORR. These combined functionalities could improve ORR performance under various pH conditions, for example, resulting in an average of 95% H2O2 selectivity, ~97% Faraday efficiency, high productivity of 2360 mol kgcat−1 h−1 in alkaline media. Density functional theory calculations on the oxygen functional groups at the edge sites revealed the most active site for 2e− ORR is a synergy between ether (COC) and carbonyl (CO) functional groups with nearly zero overpotential.image
Experimental investigation on using adsorbent for post‐combustion carbon dioxide capture from CI engine exhaust
Authors: Ravi Maniarasu , Rathore Sushil Kumar , Sivalignam Murugan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAn unpredictable rise in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is a primary concern to the global scientific community. It is directly related to the rapid expansion of the human population and associated with the immense energy demand. The combustion of hydrocarbon fuels in internal combustion (IC) engines releases a large amount of carbon dioxide (CO2), which is one of the causes of GHG emissions. Mitigation of CO2 emissions is a significant challenge to the world. Although several researchers have focused on capturing CO2 from power plants, some researchers have taken initiatives in recent times to capture CO2 in IC engines. This study particularly explored the possibility of using a biomass based‐adsorbent to capture CO2 in the exhaust of a diesel engine. Initially, activated carbon was obtained from palm shells by adopting the preparation methods such as (i) carbonization and (ii) chemical activation. Then, the produced activated carbon was analyzed to examine its physicochemical characteristics and surface textural properties by adopting characterization techniques. The adsorbent sample was loaded in an in‐house fabricated adsorption chamber which was attached to the exhaust of a single‐cylinder, four‐stroke, naturally aspirated, air‐cooled, direct injection (DI), constant speed diesel test engine. The performance of palm shell‐based activated carbon was evaluated as a potential adsorbent for CO2 capture when the engine was operated with two distinct fuels, (i) 100% diesel (D100) and (ii) an optimum biodiesel‐diesel blend (JME20) comprising 80% D100 and 20% Jatropha Methyl Ester (JME). The experimental results showed that an average of about 30% and 37% of CO2 was captured by using palm shell‐based adsorbent in D100 and JME 20 operations, respectively.
Environmental Impact of Triclopyr on Habitat Quality in Boreal Rights-of-Way
Authors: Voinorosky Chelsea L. , Standen Katherine M. , Stewart Katherine J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The indirect effects of herbicides on habitat quality in boreal ecoregions remain poorly understood. Herbicides are commonly applied on boreal rights-of-way to control vegetation below power lines, where they can indirectly enter the soil ecosystem after leaf abscission. Key soil processes such as litter decomposition and soil nutrient cycling can be influenced by altering litter chemistry and/or impacting decomposer species. Disruption of these soil processes could lead to changes in ecosystem health of boreal systems. The indirect impacts of triclopyr on habitat quality of treated boreal rights-of-way were examined through litter mass loss and quality (carbon-to-nitrogen ratios) and the response of boreal invertebrates (Folsomia candida and Oppia nitens) in microcosms and avoidance tests. Litter breakdown rates were not significantly different within a year of treatment. However, we did observe nitrogen profile differences between field-treated and untreated samples, which likely resulted from triclopyr-induced repression of natural leaf senescence processes. At field application rates, there were no differences in survival and reproduction rates of F. candida, which is key in litter breakdown. The triclopyr concentrations that caused 50% of tested F. candida and O. nitens to avoid treated litter were above field application rates. Therefore, field application rates of triclopyr are not expected to impair habitat quality and ecosystem services of boreal ecoregions based on the parameters we evaluated. Our study improves understanding of the effects of herbicide application on habitat quality and is critical for responsible herbicide use on boreal rights-of-way. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2955–2967. © 2022 SETAC
Antifibrotic effect and long‐term outcome of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with NAFLD complicated by diabetes mellitus
Authors: Arai Taeang , Atsukawa Masanori , Tsubota Akihito , Mikami Shigeru , Haruki Uojima , Yoshikata Keiichiro , Ono Hiroki , Kawano Tadamichi , Yoshida Yuji , Tanabe Tomohide , Okubo Tomomi , Hayama Korenobu , Nakagawa‐Iwashita Ai , Itokawa Norio , Kondo Chisa , Kaneko Keiko , Nagao Mototsugu , Inagaki Kyoko , Fukuda Izumi , Sugihara Hitoshi , Iwakiri Katsuhiko 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The aim of this retrospective multicenter study was to clarify the antifibrotic effect and long‐term outcome of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2‐Is) in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) complicated by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Of the 1262 consecutive patients with T2DM who recently received SGLT2‐Is, 202 patients with NAFLD had been receiving SGLT2‐Is for more than 48 weeks and were subjected to this analysis. Furthermore, 109 patients who had been on SGLT2‐I therapy for more than 3 years at the time of analysis were assessed for the long‐term effects of SGLT2‐Is. Significant decreases in body weight, liver transaminases, plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, and Fibrosis‐4 (FIB‐4) index were found at week 48. Overall, the median value of FIB‐4 index decreased from 1.42 at baseline to 1.25 at week 48 (p < 0.001). In the low‐risk group (FIB‐4 index < 1.3), there was no significant change in the FIB‐4 index. In the intermediate‐risk (≥1.3 and <2.67) and high‐risk (≥2.67) groups, the median levels significantly decreased from 1.77 and 3.33 at baseline to 1.58 and 2.75 at week 48, respectively (p < 0.001 for both). Improvements in body weight, glucose control, liver transaminases, and FIB‐4 index were found at 3 years of SGLT2‐I treatment. In the intermediate‐risk and high‐risk groups (≥1.3 FIB‐4 index), the FIB‐4 index maintained a significant reduction from baseline throughout the 3 years of treatment. Conclusion: This study showed that SGLT2‐Is offered a favorable effect on improvement in FIB‐4 index as a surrogate marker of liver fibrosis in patient with NAFLD complicated by T2DM, especially those with intermediate and high risks of advanced fibrosis, and this antifibrotic effect is sustained for the long term.
The use of Design Science and Agile Methodologies for improved information systems in the Tanzanian Higher Education context
Authors: Kayanda Anna , Busagala Lazaro , Oyelere Solomon , Tedre Matti 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThere was no known effective approach to implementing information systems in Tanzanian Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) because the requirements of users change frequently and HEIs vary in their requirements. Theoretically, the agile software development process and Design Science Research (DSR) could deliver software that suits such a context, yet no testing had been done priorly. Therefore, this study aimed on investigating the suitability of the combination of Agile Methodologies and the DSR in developing information systems for Tanzania's HEIs. The study used eXtreme Programming as one of the Agile Methodologies and the DSR to develop a timetabling software which easily integrates into the existing academic information system of the College of Business Education for better decision making. Likewise, the evaluation of the developed artifact confirmed that the resulting product raised the user satisfaction with the information system in HEIs. In this regard, the current study advances the frontier of knowledge on using the DSR framework and Agile Methodologies in designing and developing software in Tanzania's HEIs and beyond.
China's OFDI and the economic growth: From the perspective of natural resource
Authors: Feng Ling , Ge Lulan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUsing a country‐level panel data set of China's outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) during 2003–2015, we find that China increases its direct investment in an economy endowed with natural resources, which increases the exports of the resources to China. Facilitated by the industry‐level data between 2003 and 2008, we further show that the increase of China's OFDI in the economies abundant in natural resources would boost the output of Chinese industries which use the resources intensively but shrink the industries that are less intensive in the resources. These findings are consistent with the Rybczynski theorem and suggest that China's OFDI increases its domestic supply of natural resources.
Proteomic evaluation of human osteoblast responses to titanium implants over time
Authors: Romero‐Gavilán Francisco , Cerqueira Andreia , García‐Arnáez Iñaki , Azkargorta Mikel , Elortza Félix , Gurruchaga Mariló , Goñi Isabel , Suay Julio 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTitanium is widely used in bone prostheses due to its excellent biocompatibility and osseointegration capacity. To understand the effect of sandblasted acid‐etched (SAE) Ti implants on the biological responses of human osteoblast (HOb), their proteomic profiles were analyzed using nLC‐MS/MS. The cells were cultured with the implant materials, and 2544 distinct proteins were detected in samples taken after 1, 3, and 7 days. Comparative analyses of proteomic data were performed using Perseus software. The expression of proteins related to EIF2, mTOR, insulin‐secretion and IGF pathways showed marked differences in cells grown with SAE‐Ti in comparison with cells cultured without Ti. Moreover, the proteomic profiles obtained with SAE‐Ti were compared over time. The affected proteins were related to adhesion, immunity, oxidative stress, coagulation, angiogenesis, osteogenesis, and extracellular matrix formation functions. The proliferation, mineralization and osteogenic gene expression in HObs cultured with SAE‐Ti were characterized in vitro. The results showed that the osteoblasts exposed to this material increase their mineralization rate and expression of COLI, RUNX2, SP7, CTNNB1, CAD13, IGF2, MAPK2, and mTOR. Overall, the observed proteomic profiles can explain the SAE‐Ti osteogenic properties, widening our knowledge of key signaling pathways taking part in the early stages of the osseointegration process in this type of implantations.