bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the fat saturation effect in quantitative ultrashort TE MR imaging
Authors: Chen Yanjun , Li Liang , Le Nicole , Chang Eric Y. , Huang Wenhua , Ma Ya‐Jun 
Published: January 2022

PurposeTo investigate the effect of fat saturation (FatSat) on quantitative UTE imaging of variable knee tissues on a 3T scanner.MethodsThree quantitative UTE imaging techniques, including the UTE multi‐echo sequence for measurement, the adiabatic T1ρ prepared UTE sequence for T1ρ measurement, and the magnetization transfer (MT)‐prepared UTE sequence for MT ratio (MTR) and macromolecular proton fraction (MMF) measurements were used in this study. Twelve samples of cartilage and twelve samples of meniscus, as well as six whole knee cadaveric specimens, were imaged with the three above‐mentioned UTE sequences with and without FatSat. The difference, correlation, and agreement between the UTE measurements with and without FatSat were calculated to investigate the effects of FatSat on quantification.ResultsFat was well‐suppressed using all three UTE sequences when FatSat was deployed. For the small sample study, the quantification difference ratio (QDR) values of all the measured biomarkers ranged from 0.7% to 12.6%, whereas for the whole knee joint specimen study, the QDR values ranged from 0.2% to 12.0%. Except for T1ρ in muscle and MMF in meniscus (p > 0.05), most of the measurements showed statistical differences for T1ρ, MTR, and MMF (p < 0.05) between FatSat and non‐FatSat scans. Most of the measurements for showed no significant differences (p > 0.05). Strong correlations were found for all the biomarkers between measurements with and without FatSat.ConclusionThe UTE biomarkers showed good correlation and agreement with some slight differences between the scans with and without FatSat.
Prenatal diagnosis of Aicardi syndrome based on a suggestive imaging pattern: A multicenter case‐series
Authors: Pomar Léo , Ochoa José , Cabet Sara , Huisman Thierry A. G. M. , Paladini Dario , Klaritsch Philipp , Galmiche Aurore , Prayer Florian , Gacio Sebastián , Haratz Karina , Malinger Gustavo , Van Mieghem Tim , Baud David , Bromley Bryann , Lebon Sébastien , Dubruc Estelle , Vial Yvan , Guibaud Laurent 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo characterize a suggestive prenatal imaging pattern of Aicardi syndrome using ultrasound and MR imaging.MethodsBased on a retrospective international series of Aicardi syndrome cases from tertiary centers encountered over a 20‐year period (2000–2020), we investigated the frequencies of the imaging features in order to characterize an imaging pattern highly suggestive of the diagnosis.ResultsAmong 20 cases included, arachnoid cysts associated with a distortion of the interhemispheric fissure were constantly encountered associated with complete or partial agenesis of the corpus callosum (19/20, 95%). This triad in the presence of other CNS disorganization, such as polymicrogyria (16/17, 94%), heterotopias (15/17, 88%), ventriculomegaly (14/20, 70%), cerebral asymmetry [14/20, 70%]) and less frequently extra‐CNS anomaly (ocular anomalies [7/11, 64%], costal/vertebral segmentation defect [4/20, 20%]) represent a highly suggestive pattern of Aicardi syndrome in a female patient.ConclusionDespite absence of genetic test to confirm prenatal diagnosis of AS, this combination of CNS and extra‐CNS fetal findings allows delineation of a characteristic imaging pattern of AS, especially when facing dysgenesis of the corpus callosum.
Pilot study of the diagnostic utility of 89Zr‐df‐IAB2M and 68Ga‐PSMA‐11 PET imaging and multiparametric MRI in localized prostate cancer
Authors: Vlachostergios Panagiotis J. , Niaz Muhammad J. , Thomas Charlene , Christos Paul J. , Osborne Joseph R. , Margolis Daniel J. A. , Khani Francesca , Bander Neil H. , Scherr Douglas S. , Tagawa Scott T. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundAccurate diagnosis of localized prostate cancer (PCa) is limited by inadequacy of multiparametric (mp) MRI to fully identify and differentiate localized malignant tissue from benign pathologies. Prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA) represents an excellent target for molecular imaging. IAB2M, an 85‐kD minibody derived from a de‐immunized monoclonal antibody directed at the extracellular domain of human PSMA (huJ591), and PSMA‐11, a small molecule ligand have been previously tested as probes for visualization of recurrent/metastatic PCa with PET/CT. This pilot, non‐randomized trial studied their diagnostic utility in patients (pts) with localized PCa.MethodsPts planned for radical prostatectomy (RP) were enrolled and underwent mpMRI and PET/CT imaging with 89Zr‐df‐IAB2M and/or 68Ga‐PSMA‐PET/CT. Image results were read by a radiologist blinded to clinical information and pathology results, mapped and compared to corresponding histopathology findings from all lesions, both clinically significant and nonsignificant. The detection rates of all three imaging modalities were measured and correlated.Results20 pts with median age of 64.5 (46–79) years and PSA level of 7.5 (1.6–36.56) ng/ml were enrolled. 19 pts underwent RP and were imaged pre‐operatively with 89Zr‐Df‐IAB2M PET/CT and mpMRI. Nine of those were imaged using 68Ga‐PSMA‐11 as well. Out of 48 intraprostatic lesions verified on surgical pathology, IAB2M PET/CT was able to detect 36 (75%). A similar proportion of pathologically confirmed, clinically significant lesions (22/29, 76%) was detected. IAB2M PET/CT was also able to identify 14/19 (74%) extraprostatic lesions. The performance of mpMRI was inferior, with 24/48 detectable lesions (50%) and 18/29 clinically significant intraprostatic lesions (62%). Compared to the current standard (mpMRI), IAB2M PET/CT had a sensitivity of 88%, specificity 38%, positive predictive value 58%, and accuracy 63%. In 9 pts who underwent Ga‐PSMA‐11 as well, the latter yielded a detection rate of 70% (14/20), which was also seen in clinically significant lesions (10/14, 71%). Ga‐PSMA‐11 PET/CT also detected 4/6 (67%) extraprostatic lesions.ConclusionsIn this pilot study, the performance of 89Zr‐df‐IAB2M was superior to mpMRI and similar to 68Ga‐PSMA‐11 PET/CT. The higher detection rate of PSMA‐PET supports its use as a diagnostic tool with consequent management change implications in men with localized PCa.
Historical samples reveal a combined role of agriculture and public‐health applications in vector resistance to insecticides
Authors: Porretta Daniele , Mastrantonio Valentina , Lucchesi Valentina , Bellini Romeo , Vontas John , Urbanelli Sandra 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDInsecticide resistance is the major threat to vector control and for the prevention of vector‐borne diseases. Because almost all insecticides used against insect vectors are or have been used in agriculture, a connection between agricultural insecticide use and resistance in insect vectors has been hypothesized. However, it is challenging to find a causal link between past agricultural use of insecticides and current resistance in vector populations without historical data series. Here we investigated the relative contribution across time of agricultural and public‐health insecticide applications in selecting for diflubenzuron (DFB) resistance in Culex pipiens populations. Using DNA sequencing, we looked for DFB resistant mutations in current and historical mosquito samples, dating back to the 1980s–1990s, when DFB was used in agriculture but not yet in mosquito control.RESULTSIn the samples collected before the introduction of DFB in vector control, we found the resistant mutation I1043M in rural regions but not any of the neighboring urban and natural areas, indicating that the selection pressure was derived by agriculture. However, after the introduction of DFB for vector control, the resistant mutations were found across all study areas showing that the initial selection from agriculture was further boosted by the selection pressure imposed by the mosquito control applications in the 2000s.CONCLUSIONSOur findings support a combined role of agricultural and public‐health use of insecticides in vector resistance across time and call for specific actions in integrated resistance management, including increased communication between agriculture and health practitioners. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Building a dedicated pediatric pulmonary hypertension program: A consensus statement from the pediatric pulmonary hypertension network
Authors: Handler Stephanie S. , Varghese Nidhy P. , Rosenzweig Erika B. , Yung Delphine , Krishnan Usha , Whalen Elise , Bates Angela , Avitabile Catherine M. , Jackson Emma O. , Hirsch Russel , Fineman Jeffrey , Abman Steven H. ,   For The Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension Network (PPHNet)
Published: January 2022

AbstractPediatric pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe, life‐threatening disease associated with diverse cardiac, pulmonary, and systemic disorders, which generally requires expertise from multiple disciplines for management. Unfortunately, expert centers are limited, often due to inadequate resources or unfamiliarity with needed components for success. The Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension Network (PPHNet) includes expert centers in North America specifically dedicated to advancing the field of pediatric PH through research and excellent clinical care. PPHNet member sites were queried for valuable program components and these findings were discussed for consensus. Here we provide a collective overview of key elements of an optimal pediatric PH program: team composition, access to services, and commitment to education. It is our intention that this document will assist newer and/or smaller programs identify avenues and resources for growth and provide avenues for collaboration.
Rapid screening procedures for a variety of complex forensic samples using laser diode thermal desorption (LDTD) coupled to different mass spectrometers
Authors: Jagerdeo Eshwar , Auger Serge 
Published: January 2022

RationaleThe applications shared in this paper demonstrate the wide variety of samples that can be analyzed when Laser Diode Thermal Desorption (LDTD) is interfaced with a high‐resolution mass spectrometer and show the speed at which high quality data can be generated from complex matrices.MethodsSamples are solvent extracted and spotted in a 96‐well plate. In the case of biological fluids, hydrolysis followed by solid‐phase extraction is required. The solvent in the 96‐well plate is evaporated followed by mass spectrometric (MS) analysis with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization. Where applicable, the instrument is operated in data‐dependent mode, with a full‐scan mass spectrum followed by MS/MS spectra of the top 10 ions with a total runtime of 0.4 min.ResultsFour applications (MAAQ and Tear Gas, twelve rodenticides, seven explosives, and 40 drugs of abuse) are reported in this paper. MAAQ, tear gas, and rodenticides were identified by full‐scan, followed by MS/MS experiments at levels of 125 μg/L, 125 μg/L, and 500 μg/L, respectively. Explosives were all identified at 102 μg/L by full‐scan experiments. The drugs of abuse were identified by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) experiments at defined cutoff levels from 2 to 1000 μg/L.ConclusionsInterfacing LDTD with a mass spectrometer allows for rapid screening of a wide range of samples, with either minimal or complex sample preparation. Using a high‐resolution mass spectrometer with the combination to perform full‐scan and MS/MS experiments adds a high level of specificity.
Time‐varying group formation‐tracking control for general linear multi‐agent systems with switching topologies and unknown input
Authors: Lu Yizhou , Dong Xiwang , Li Qingdong , Lv Jinhu , Ren Zhang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTime‐varying group formation tracking problems for general linear multi‐agent systems with unknown control input and switching topologies are studied. There are two kinds of agents, leaders and followers. Leaders with unknown control input can generate unpredictable and maneuverable trajectories. Followers accomplish macroscopic moving guided by single or multiple leaders of respective subgroups and keep desired time‐varying sub‐formations simultaneously. Agents are assigned in groups and interactions within or between groups both exist owning to the design of Laplacian matrix. First, the time‐varying group formation tracking problem is described and group division is analyzed through adjustment of properties in Laplacian matrix. Then the control protocols based on neighboring interaction relationships are introduced. Influence of unknown control input from leaders can be handled and information is delivered effectively so that followers can accomplish expected formations. An algorithm is given to determine control parameters and the formation tracking feasible constraint is presented. Next the stability of the multi‐agent system with group division is proved, which means the general linear multi‐agent system can accomplish time‐varying group formation tracking with unknown control input and switch topologies under designed protocols. At last, a numerical simulation is given to verify the effectiveness of presented theoretical results.
On convergence conditions for generalized Persidskii systems
Authors: Mei Wenjie , Efimov Denis , Ushirobira Rosane , Aleksandrov Alexander 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe convergence conditions for a class of generalized Persidskii systems and their discretized dynamics are introduced, which can be checked through linear (matrix) inequalities. The case of almost periodic convergence for this class of systems with almost periodic input is also studied. The proposed results are applied to a Lotka–Volterra model and opinion dynamics.
Statistical considerations for cross‐sectional HIV incidence estimation based on recency test
Authors: Gao Fei , Bannick Marlena 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLongitudinal cohorts to determine the incidence of HIV infection are logistically challenging, so researchers have sought alternative strategies. Recency test methods use biomarker profiles of HIV‐infected subjects in a cross‐sectional sample to infer whether they are “recently” infected and to estimate incidence in the population. Two main estimators have been used in practice: one that assumes a recency test is perfectly specific, and another that allows for false‐recent results. To date, these commonly used estimators have not been rigorously studied with respect to their assumptions and statistical properties. In this article, we present a theoretical framework with which to understand these estimators and interrogate their assumptions, and perform a simulation study and data analysis to assess the performance of these estimators under realistic HIV epidemiological dynamics. We find that the snapshot estimator and the adjusted estimator perform well when their corresponding assumptions hold. When assumptions on constant incidence and recency test characteristics fail to hold, the adjusted estimator is more robust than the snapshot estimator. We conclude with recommendations for the use of these estimators in practice and a discussion of future methodological developments to improve HIV incidence estimation via recency test.
Versatile Dendritic Silica & Titania‐supported Platinum Catalyst for Highly Efficient Water Splitting and p‐Nitrophenol Reduction
Authors: He Juan , Tao Jianghui , Wang Yanni , Wang Yabin , Ding Xiuping 
Published: January 2022

Abstractp‐Nitrophenol acts as a notorious environmentally hazardous material. The reduction of nitro group (‐NO2) to amino group (‐NH2) with the assistance of catalyst has been regarded as one of the most reasonable methods to dispose p‐nitrophenol. Herein, for the first time, we construct a novel dendritic silica & titania‐supported platinum (Pt) nanocatalyst which can reduce p‐nitrophenol with the bigger apparent first‐order rate constant than almost all previously reported. Besides, the catalyst can split water under simulated sunlight with a H2 yield of 493.6 μmol ⋅ −1 in 5 hours, nearly 240‐folds of dendritic silica‐supported Pt. The improvements in catalytic performances can be attributed to special structural advantages of dendritic support, chemical composition of anatase titania (TiO2), and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect from Pt nanoparticles (NPs). This catalyst exhibits desirable robustness, stability, and reusability, because of the hybrid architecture and the high affinity of the functionalized interface to Pt NPs.
Biogenic Fabrication of Silver Nanoparticles: A Potent and Ideal Candidate for Wastewater Treatment and Water Disinfection
Authors: Patar Madhumita , Moyon N. Shaemningwar , Sinha Tanur 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study reports a facile, cost‐effective, environment‐friendly, green, and rapid fabrication of spherical silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) of average grain size of 25 nm within 30 minutes employing the leaf extracts of the Calamus tenuis plant. Characterization was accomplished for determining the morphology, size, crystallinity, and for the identification of functional moieties responsible for the reduction and stabilization. The phytoconstituents present in the leaf extracts of Calamus tenuis played the dual role of reducing as well as stabilizing agents eliminating the need for the addition of any external reducing and capping agents.
Non‐Enzymatic Electrochemical Biosensing of Glucose Using Nanocomposites of Polyaniline Nanofibers and Silver
Authors: Varghese Eldhose V. , Saidu Femina Kanjirathamthadathil , Schwandt Carsten , Thomas George , Joseph Alex 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this study silver nanoparticles were dispersed over polyaniline nanofibers (nPANI) by simple chemical reduction of silver nitrate in the presence of nPANI, and the prepared nPANI/Ag nanocomposite was employed for sensitive and cost‐effective non‐enzymatic detection of glucose using a modified carbon paste electrode. Detailed structural, crystallographic and morphological characterization of nPANI/Ag was carried out by means of Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. The enhancement of charge transfer of nPANI upon incorporation of Ag nanoparticles was confirmed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and the electrocatalytic efficacy of the nPANI/Ag nanocomposite towards oxidation of glucose in alkaline medium was proven by cyclic voltammetry. Crucially, chronoamperometry demonstrated a linear response of the nPANI/Ag‐based glucose sensor over a wide range of glucose concentrations from 100 μM to 10 mM with a lowest detection limit of 1,3 μM. The sensor had a good selectivity for glucose in the presence of common interfering biomolecules. The sensor also had a shelf‐life of several days and the response was repeatable for up to nine individual measurements.
Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers Mixed with Citric Acid as a Quartz Crystal Microbalance Ammonia Vapor Sensor
Authors: Febrina Melany , Rianjanu Aditya , Rajak Abdul , Mukti Rino R. , Djamal Mitra 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe detection of ammonia vapor in the air is always challenging and in great demand, with the main issues are their low sensitivity. In this contribution, we developed a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) gas sensor to detect ammonia vapor in the air using electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber mixed with citric acid (CA) as its sensing material. The nanostructured morphology of the as‐prepared nanofiber sensors was confirmed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while the existence of the CA in the PAN/CA nanofiber confirms using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The average diameter of the PAN and PAN/CA nanofiber sample was found in the range of 260 nm to 307 nm. The highest sensor sensitivity was obtained by the PAN/CA4 nanofiber sensor with the value of 0.28 Hz/ppm, increasing almost 4 times compared to the unmodified PAN nanofiber sensor (0.075 Hz/ppm). Moreover, the sensor also shows good reversibility, fast response/recovery time, and excellent repeatability sensing performance. The addition of CA into the PAN nanofiber structures enhances the sensor sensitivity, probably due to the enrichment of carboxyl group at the sensor surface. This work could become a promising and alternative way to enhance the sensitivity of a QCM gas sensor modified with polymers doped with suitable compounds.
A Theoretical Study on Non‐Bridging Dimer Formation of a Cationic Platinum Complex with a Redox‐Active Ligand
Authors: Sakamoto Yuki , Kikkawa Shoko , Yokojima Satoshi , Matsushita Nobuyuki , Nakamura Shinichiro 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe electronic structure of [PtL2]2Cl26H2O crystal is studied focusing on the bonding origin of the dimer formation, using theoretical calculations, where ligand L is a redox‐active ligand and refers either o‐phenylenediamido (L2−), o‐semibenzoquinonediimine(L1−), or o‐benzoquinonediimine(L0). It is a non‐bridging dimer with 3.01 Å of the inter‐molecular PtPt distance. Considering the stoichiometry, the monomer should have +1 charge and 1/2 spin. For the dimer, there are two possibilities of the electronic structure; singlet or triplet state. On the other hand, the observed bond length is shorter than usual PtIIPtII(d8‐d8) interaction, while longer than usual PtIIIPtIII(d7‐d7) interaction. According to the structures and potential energy profiles on these possible spin states, we concluded that the dimer prefers the singlet state, formed by face‐to‐face bonding between the ligands of the two cationic monomers in the non‐bridging Pt dimer. The analysis of molecular orbitals revealed that the PtPt interaction is explained by the d8‐d8interaction and partial oxidation by the redox‐active ligands. This study highlights the nature of the electronic structure of stacked radical monocations of Pt complex dimer.
Synthesis, In‐Vitro Evaluation and Molecular Docking Study of N‐Substituted Thiazolidinediones as α‐Glucosidase Inhibitors
Authors: Patil Vijay M. , Tilekar Kalpana N. , Upadhyay Neha M. , Ramaa C. S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThiazolidinedione (TZD) drugs have been shown to improve insulin sensitivity, hyperglycemia, and lipid metabolism in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this study, we have explored the alpha‐glucosidase inhibitor action of new N‐substituted 5‐benzylidene‐2,4‐thiazolidinedione derivatives. Various substituted benzothiazoles linked to the 5‐benzylidene‐2,4‐TZD with acetamide linker were synthesized and characterized by FTIR, 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, and mass spectrometry. After the in‐silico screening of all the compounds, the IC50 values of 32 compounds were determined using an in vitro α‐glucosidase assay (maltase yeast extract) with acarbose as a standard drug. All compounds showed varying degrees of α‐glucosidase inhibitory action as compared to acarbose. When compared to acarbose (IC50=67.06±1.24 μM), molecules GB24, GB21, GB16, GB17 and GB25 exhibited very significant inhibitory activity, with IC50 values of 29.91±0.82, 36.52±0.49, 39.19±1.09, 41.35±1.37 μM and 60.47±1.49 respectively. Moreover, a molecular docking study of active compounds was performed to rationalize the in‐vitro results and to understand the binding interactions with the target enzyme. Based on the findings, we can predict that these compounds could be taken further for the development of new antidiabetic agents.