bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Construir o pensamento complexo através da robótica: do abstrato ao visível
Authors: Quadros-Flores Paula , Teixeira Bárbara , Guimarães Joana , Fernandes Dárida 
Published: February 2022

Promoting the development of complex thinking helps children to face challenges of today. We believe that robotics can be a path that stimulates problem solving and allows the visualization of the abstract in a real environment, facilitating the understanding of reality and the development of complex thinking. In this sense, this article aims to show the strategy and resources that allowed to realize such premise. The study was applied in the 1st Cycle of Basic Education and involved 23 children attending the 2nd year of schooling. For data collection, a qualitative methodology based on participant observation and interview survey was chosen. Content analysis allows us to formulate valid inferences. The results reveal that STEAM is a strategy that allows the articulation between the areas of Science (S), Technology (T), Engineering (E), Arts (A) and Mathematics (M), as well as robotics. In this specific case, the Blue Bot was a resource that allowed the visualization of mathematical formulas imagined by the children, in teams, based on the curricular contents of mathematics and environmental studies. The communication of the formulas in the challenge to other groups allowed the development of the mother tongue and discursive logic reasoning.
Disjoint Community Detection pada Network Kegiatan Kemahasiswaan di ISTTS Menggunakan Fast Greedy dan Walktrap
Authors: Setiawan Mikhael , Gunawan Gunawan , Ferdinandus F.X. 
Published: February 2022

Disjoint community detection bertujuan untuk menemukan sebuah komunitas pada network dengan melakukan pemisahan. Pada penelitian ini, disjoint akan dilakukan pada network kegiatan kemahasiswaan di ISTTS. Metode disjoint community detection yang digunakan adalah fast greedy dan walktrap algorithm. Data kegiatan kemahasiswaan berisi mengenai mahasiswa bersama-sama dengan mahasiswa lainnya mengikuti kegiatan kemahasiswaan apa saja. Setelah disjoint berhasil dilakukan, maka akan dihitung nilai closeness centrality dari setiap mahasiswa, dimana pada akhirnya akan dihitung correlation coefficient dengan IPK mahasiswa tersebut untuk mencari hubungan antara centrality mahasiswa dengan IPK mereka. Hasil closeness centrality ini selanjutnya di rata-rata untuk semua hasil algoritma untuk melihat bagaimana korelasi closeness centrality dengan ipk mahasiswa tersebut. Uji coba dilakukan dengan membentuk gml dari kombinasi filter, yang menghasilkan sekitar 2527 gml dengan nilai akhir korelasi adalah 62 - 63% weak positif dengan diikuti 16-18% moderate positif, dan 14-16% tidak berkorelasi sama sekali. Akhirnya dapat disimpulkan bahwa closeness centrality dalam sebuah komunitasnya, hanya berpengaruh secara weak positif dengan ipk mahasiswa tersebut.
Rare Earth Element Enrichment in the Weathering Profile of the Bull Hill Carbonatite at Bear Lodge, Wyoming, USA
Authors: Hutchinson Mandi , Slezak Paul , Wendlandt Richard , Hitzman Murray 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Bull Hill is a carbonatite diatreme within the Paleogene Bear Lodge Carbonatite Complex in Wyoming, USA. Rare earth element (REE)-bearing carbonate, fluorocarbonate, phosphate, and oxide minerals occur within near-vertical carbonatite dikes on the western margin of Bull Hill. Changes in mineralogy and REE concentrations with depth are ascribed mainly to late-stage magmatic-hydrothermal and supergene alteration. Approximately 35 m of drill core from Bull Hill was analyzed and encompasses least altered, weakly weathered, and moderately weathered carbonatite. The least altered carbonatite contains magmatic burbankite, typically as inclusions within Mn-rich calcite (stage I). Secondary REE-bearing minerals, which pseudomorphically replaced unidentified hexagonal phenocrysts, include ancylite, bastnäsite with synchysite/parisite, and an unidentified Sr-Ca-REE-phosphate (stage II). These replacive minerals generated small amounts of incipient porosity (~7–8%) and are largely stable in the lower portion of the weathering profile. Progressive weathering (stages III and IV) of the carbonatite involved the oxidation of pyrite to iron oxides and iron hydroxides, dissolution of calcite and strontianite, and the replacement of Mn-rich calcite by manganese oxides. These mineralogical changes resulted in an ~40% porosity gain in the core studied here. The volumetric concentration of weathering resistant REE-bearing minerals resulted in REE enrichment from an average of 5.4 wt % in the least weathered carbonatite to an average of 12.6 wt % in moderately weathered carbonatite, and to an overall increase in REE ore tenor of two to three times compared to the least altered carbonatite. Isocon plots confirm the increased concentration of REEs in the weathered carbonatite and demonstrate that REEs, along with TiO2, Ta, Nb, Zr, and Hf, were conserved in the lower weathered zone.
On the occurrence of rainfall over southwest sector of monsoon depression
Authors: RAJAMANI S. , RAO K. V. 
Published: February 2022

The generally observed feature that there is good rainfall activity in the southwest sector of the monsoon depression when it moves northwestwards/westnorthwestwards and in the northeast sector of the monsoon depression when, after recurvature, it moves northwards/northeastwards has been explained on the basis of w-equation.
The generally observed feature that there is good rainfall activity in the southwest sector of the monsoon depression when it moves northwestwards/westnorthwestwards and in the northeast sector of the monsoon depression when, after recurvature, it moves northwards/northeastwards has been explained on the basis of w-equation.
On the occurrence of tornadoes and their distribution in India
Authors: SINGH RANJIT 
Published: February 2022

Eight cases of tornadoes and one case of a waterspout were examined since the time upper air soundings have become available. Meteorological conditions associated with their occurrence have been studied. It was found that the mesoscale lows formed along lines of discontinuity in the lower tropospheric levels are the preferred areas for their occurrence.

44 cases of tornado occurrence in record with India Met. Dep. and 113 cases of strong winds collected from press reports quoted in Weekly Weather Reports from 1951 onward were used to prepare the maps for distribution of tornadoes and expected maximum winds on Fujita scale.
Agroclimatic classification on the basis of moisture availability index and its application to the dry farming tract of Gujarat
Authors: BISWAS B. C. 
Published: February 2022

Weekly Moisture Availability Index (MAI) at different probability levels has been calculated at 81 stations in the dry farming tract of Gujarat. This tract has been divided into four agroclimatic zones, i.e., D, E, F and G on the basis of MAI at 50 per cent level.

The zone D is the low crop potential area where rainfed crops are possible in 30-40 per cent of the years. A short duration crop may be grown from area Eat 40-50 per cent of occasions. Area F has the potential to grow crops 50-55 per cent of years. Rainfed crops may be raised in 60 per cent of the years from area G. Moisture availability index at 40, 60 and 70 per cent levels have also been computed to find out agricultural potential at different risk levels. From this analysis, it is possible to identify the core of low crop potential area and time of life saving irrigation. Crop prospect of one station at each zone at various risk levels has been discussed, taking into account the water stress period, type and depth of soil.
Some high Sounding Balloon Ascents and Upper Air Temperatures upto 35 km over India
Authors: RAO P. R. KRISHNA 
Published: February 2022

Data from 34 sounding balloon ascents over India reaching 30 km and above have been collected and the seasonal mean temperatures derived from them are briefly discussed. Temperatures at 30 and 35 km shown by these data, of the order of 220° to 230 ° A, have been compared and found to agree reasonably well with temperatures at same heights over similar latitudes in other parts of the world. It is shown that Koteswaram's estimates of temperatures over Central India at these heights are very high and that up to 36 kill the sounding balloon data do not show any large increase of temperature with height above 25 kill. Using means of sounding balloon data over 9 stations in India up to 1940, a diagram showing the distribution of upper air temperatures over India up to 35 km in summer and winter has been drawn. and presented. The chief features of the variation of the height and temperature of tropopause and of the lapse rate, the annual range and the horizontal gradient of temperature have been stated and briefly discussed.

The outstanding points which emerge from the study a~~(i) The summer tropopause over India is higher and cooler than the winter tropopause. The transition from the tropical type to the polar type stratosphere to be occurs at 30°N in winter and at latitudes north of India in summer; (ii) Maximum lapse rates in the troposphere up to 30°N occur at 12-14 km in summer and 9-11 km in winter. The region of high lapse rates shows a variation similar to the height of tropopause ; (iii) In the lower stratosphere, counter-lapse rates increase with height above the tropopause up to 19-21 kill after which they decrease. The counter lapse rates are generally higher. in summer than in winter. Above 25 km, the counter-lapse rates are of the order of 0.5 to 1°C per kilometre ; (iv) Summer temperatures are higher than winter temperature up to 14 km above which the reverse happens up to 20 km. Above 20 km again the summer temperatures are higher than winter temperatures. The annual range of temperature is maximum at 8 to 10 km and decreases rapidly thereafter with ,height. The range is large over North India and very small over South India and1l') In the, troposphere, the horizontal gradient of temperature is positive in summer except between 4 and 11 km north of latitude 27°N where it is negative. In winter, it is negative below 11 to 12 km and positive above. The temperature gradient is rather small south of latitude 15°N. In the lower stratosphere between 16 and 20 km, it is positive and steep in the lower latitudes south of 13°N and decreases with latitude north of it.
Estimating the bias of correlation coefficients
Authors: GRANT ALISON M. 
Published: February 2022

One of the major problems arising in the correlation method of seasonal forecasting is the selection of factors to be used in forecast formulae. As pointed out by Savur (1935) there are two main ways in which the choice can he made—
(1) a priori selection in which the factors are chosen on theoretical or physical grounds, and (ii) reelection by correlation in which the factors are chosen because empirical relationships have been found to exist between them and the elements for which forecasts are required. It was early recognized that in testing the significance of correlations selected under •ii) sonic allowance should be made for the fact that they have in general been chosen as the highest of a large number. For this purpose Walker (1914) gave values of the " probable highest " correlation while Savur and copal Rao (1932) extended this to give values necessary for significance at the 5 per cent level. However, effects of selection should also be taken into account when esti-mating the true or long term value of a corre-lation coefficient, a matter which is of even. greater concern since the best estimate is required to determine the actual regression equation. In examining effects of selection from this point of view it is simplest to deal with the transformed correlation zs which is very nearly normally distributed about the value (similarly defined from the population correlation p) with variance.
Periodic Influx of Interplanetary Dust Particles into the Terrestrial Atmosphere
Authors: GUPTA PRABHAT  K. SEN 
Published: February 2022

In this paper a brief account is at first given of some available evidences on the influx of interplanetary dust particles into the terrestrial atmosphere, viz. , presence of sodium at high altitudes, appearance of noctilucent clouds, pitting of polished surfaces during high altitude rocket flights, high nickel content in deep sea sediments and periodic occurrence of heavy rainfall in association with meteor showers. These dust particles have sizes of the same order as of those which account for the outer corona of the Sun, but terrestrial evidences suggest a higher concentration in the Vicinity of the Earth. Discussing the processes which are responsible for the high concentration of dust particles, it has been suggested that solar corpuscular streams push interplanetary dust particles towards the Earth by repeated impacts. This mechanism is expected to give rise to an accumulation of dust particles near the Earth, as well as in the plane of ecliptic.
Реалізація механізму державно-приватного партнерства в Україні: сучасні реалії та перспективи
Authors: Косач І. А. , Кулик О. С. 
Published: February 2022

В статті розглянуто характерні риси механізмів взаємодії державного і приватного секторів, визначено принципові відмінності державно-приватного партнерства та приватизації. На основі відмінностей інтересів державного та приватного партнерів та можливості їхнього задоволення існуючими в Україні нормативно-правовими, фінансовими та організаційними інструментами проаналізовано проблеми державно-приватного партнерства та обґрунтовано, що основними умовами успішної підготовки та реалізації різних форм державно-приватного партнерства, які сприяють підвищенню їх результативності, є інформаційна підтримка, розробка реальних проєктів, врахування думки і вимог населення територій і працівників. Деталізовано основні принципи ефективного управління державно-приватним партнерством. Виокремлено проблеми впровадження та реалізації механізму державно-приватного партнерства, визначено умови, за яких його використання є ефективним в контексті реалізації державної політики соціально-економічного розвитку.
Деякі особливості класифікації здійснення адміністративних процедур у сфері захисту довкілля та природних ресурсів
Authors: Манько Г. В. 
Published: February 2022

Наукова стаття присвячена висвітленню критерії класифікації здійснення адміністративних процедур у сфері захисту довкілля та природних ресурсів. На підставі визначених особливостей здійснення адміністративних процедур у сфері захисту довкілля та природних ресурсів сформульована авторська дефініція досліджуваної суспільно-правової категорії. Проведено класифікацію здійснення адміністративних процедур у сфері захисту довкілля та природних ресурсів за такими критеріями, як : правові наслідки їх надання, суб’єкт-споживач, вид прийнятого адміністративного акту, зміст та обсяг процедурних дій.
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN PADA PT. CHITOSE INTERNASIONAL, TBK PERIODE TAHUN 2015-2019
Authors: Wulandari Novita , Tansar Indri Ayu , Suzanto Boy 
Published: February 2022

One of the ways a company can increase capital is through debt or increasing the number of ownership by listing its shares on the capital market. Thus, this study verifies the effect of profitability and leverage on firm value in one of the companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The quantitative method uses to determine the magnitude of the effect of profitability and leverage on value during the 2015-2019 period. The results showed that profitability had a positive and significant effect, while leverage had a negative effect on firm value. However, simultaneously profitability and leverage have a significant effect on firm value. The study results indicate that it is necessary to increase sales and pay attention to the amount of debt and the risks caused. When the amount of debt exceeds their capital, investors will hesitate to remember the risks the company has.
Keywords: profitability, leverage, firm value.
Wind and Gust Forecasts Assessment of Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) Model in Córdoba, Argentina
Authors: Suárez Matías , Poffo Denis , Pierobon Edgardo , Martina Agustín , Saffe Jorge , Rodríguez Andrés 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
WRF wind forecasts from four operative schemes used by OHMC (Observatorio HidroMeteorológico de Córdoba), a test scheme (WRF-E) and two daily runs with 4 km horizontal resolution were analyzed. Wind simulations were compared with measurements from eight ground stations with anemometers at 10 m high during the period from June, 2019 to June, 2020. WRF-E incorporates more vertical levels, and an activated topo_wind option. The wind speed results show that WRF overestimates wind speed at most stations and the WRF-E model reduces the BIAS and the RMSE when compared with the operational models. The wind direction analysis shows that the higher the wind speed is, the more accurate the models are. In addition, a wind gust forecasting has been implemented and evaluated in this work. Wind gust correlation coefficient values are between 0.3 and 0.6, RMSE is between 3 and 5 m/s, and a positive BIAS(<2 m/s) at most stations.
Postharvest Diseases of Vegetable Crops and Their Management
Authors: Nand Tripathi Atma , Kumar Tiwari Shailesh , Kanti Behera Tushar 
Published: February 2022

Vegetable crops have an important role in food and nutrition and maintain the health of soil. India is the second-largest producer of vegetables in the world with a 16% (191.77 MT) share of global vegetable production. Every year, diseases cause postharvest losses (40–60%) in vegetable crops due to their perishable nature under field (15–20%), packaging and storage (15–20%), and transport (30–40%). Profiling, detection, and diagnosis of postharvest vegetable pathogens (diseases) are essential for better understanding of pathogen and formulation of safe management of postharvest spoilage of vegetables. The vegetable produce is spoiled by postharvest pathogens and makes them unfit for human consumption and market due to the production of mycotoxins and other potential human health risks. Genera of fungal pathogens viz. Alternaria, Aschochyta, Colletotrichum, Didymella, Phoma, Phytophthora, Pythium, Rhizoctonia, Sclerotinia, Sclerotium, and bacterial pathogens viz. Erwinia spp., Pseudomonas spp., Ralstonia solanacearum, Xanthomonas euvesictoria were recorded as postharvest pathogens on vegetable crops. Fruit rot incidence of several post-harvest pathogens viz. Alternaria solani (30%), Phytophthora infestans (15%), Rhophitulus solani (30%), Sclerotium rolfsii (30%) fruit rot and X. euvesictoria (5%) canker on tomato; Colletotrichum dematium fruit rot (20%) on chili; Phomopsis vexans (60%) fruit rot on brinjal was recorded. Didymella black rot and Colletotrichum anthracnose were recorded on fruits of bottle gourd, pumpkin, ash gourd, and watermelon. Important leguminous vegetable crops are infected by postharvest pathogens viz. Ascochyta pisi, Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Anthracnose), Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (white rot) and Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola (blight), Sclerotinia white rot, Alternaria blight. However, Xanthomonas black rot (10%) on cabbage and Pectinovora (Erwinia) soft rot (19%) were recorded as emerging post-harvest pathogens on cauliflower.
Circadian Synchrony between Mothers and Young in the European Rabbit: Or Not? A Cautionary Tale
Authors: Hudson Robyn , A. Kennedy Gerard 
Published: February 2022

The European rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus, ancestor of all domestic breeds, has an unusual pattern of maternal care in which females briefly nurse their young just once approximately every 24 h, and where the pups anticipate and prepare for their mother’s arrival. Chronobiologists have seen this as a model mammalian system to study the physiological and neurobiological underpinnings of a biologically relevant circadian complex. However, observations of nursing in wild rabbits, together with studies of nursing in domestic breeds allowed free access to their young in laboratory settings, suggest that the rabbit’s pattern of daily nursing visits resembles an hourglass rather than a circadian process, well suited to the sudden starts and stops of natural nursing cycles. We consider whether there might be other such cases in the literature, including in human chronobiology, in which failing to consider the organism’s natural, evolved daily patterns of behaviour and prematurely studying these under artificially imposed laboratory time schedules might have also led to such patterns being erroneously considered circadian.
Magnesium in Synthesis of Porous and Biofunctionalized Metallic Materials
Authors: Correa Rossi Mariana , Romero Resendiz Liliana , Amigó Borrás Vicente 
Published: February 2022

Magnesium particles are used in metallurgic routes, where it can be total or partially evaporated creating pores for ingrowth bone tissue. This book chapter contains the latest findings on the microstructural physical and mechanical properties of β-Ti alloys with Mg additions designed and obtained by the authors. As well as the main new techniques used to fabricate Ti-Mg alloys. An especial emphasis on the microstructure-properties relationship was made to assist on the guide for future efforts of the scientific community towards developing more efficient biomaterials. The β % were related to the low elastic modulus which were in the range of 31–49 GPa close to cortical bone and hardness close to commercial Ti grade 2. The compressive strength was greater than the value of cortical bone. Pore size were in the range of 5–100 μm depending on the sintering temperature, with higher wettability the samples with more porosity. These findings were promising to application of β titanium alloys containing Mg for orthopedic application.
Leaching Technology for Precious Heavy Metal Recapture through (HCI + HNO3) and (HCI + H2SO4) from E-Waste
Authors: Manikkampatti Palanisamy Murugesan , Palaniappan Akilamudhan , Myneni VenkataRatnam , Veerappan Padmapriya , Mohamed Lebba Minar 
Published: February 2022

The rapid growth of information technology and industrialization are the key components for the development of electronic equipment, and their inevitable role in human day-to-day life has an important stint in the generation of electronic waste (e-waste). This waste has far-reaching environmental and health consequences. One such e-waste printed circuit board (PCB) contains significant amounts of valuable heavy metals such as copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), and others that can be extracted through various metallurgical routes. Recovery and recycle of heavy metal ions is a major challenge to prevent environmental contamination. The present study discusses the current e-waste scenario, health impacts and treatment methods in detail, and also presents experimental results of recovery of heavy metals from printed circuit boards (PCBs) by leaching using aqua regia (HCI + HNO3 and HCI + H2SO4). Under varying conditions such as specified conditions of 80°C, 0.05 mm of thickness, 3 hrs of contacttime, 80rpm shaking speed, and concentration of PCB sample of 0.5 g ml−1, it results in the composition of extracted heavy metal ions in such a way that 97.59% of copper, 96.59% of lead, 94.66% of tin, and 96.64% of zinc, respectively. The recovery of heavy metal ions from PCBs has an important leading contribution in electronic waste management and the result shows a higher rate.