bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified Completion Test (MCT) in Psychological Diagnostics of Patients with Paranoid Schizophrenia — Stage of Filling the Gaps
Authors: Burlakova N. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe study demonstrates potential of the modified completion test (MCT) (text by H. Ebbinghaus) for diagnostics of patients with schizophrenia. MCT includes four stages: 1) filling the gaps in the story; 2) reading and retelling; 3) making up a continuation and a title; 4) retelling the story and its continuation after half an hour (Burlakova,2020).ObjectivesThe objective was to research diagnostical potential of the first stage of MCT for patients suffering from paranoid schizophrenia with hallucinatory syndrome.MethodsThe study included 42 patients (28 female, 14 male) with schizophrenia (disease onset at least 5–7 years ago), aged from 19 to 51 (average age 35±8), receiving treatment. Control group consisted of 44 people (average age 37±6), never sought psychiatric help, never diagnosed with any mental disorders. Groups were organized to be equal in gender proportions, age, and educational level.ResultsThe psychiatric patients in comparison to the control group: 1) accomplished the task slower; 2) although instructed to fill the gaps in succession, often violated the instruction and demonstrated orientation on specific fragments rather than on the whole; 3) had lower efficiency: ˜5% of the clinical group did the task without mistakes; 4) chose strategies of interacting with the text not detected in the control group: a) did not fill several gaps, b) added words outside the gaps, and c) crossed out fragments of the text; 5) filled the gaps with words inadequate emotionally, semantically and/or logically.ConclusionsComparative analysis demonstrated that already on the first stage, the method proves informative in pathopsychological assessment.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Association with severe and treatment-resistant depression among patients with inflammatory joint disease. Nationwide nested case-control study in Swedish registers
Authors: Brenner P. , Askling J. , Stang P. , Brandt L. , Hägg D. , Reutfors J. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionTreatment resistant depression (TRD) and severe depression (SD) are common among patients with depression. Patients with inflammatory joint disease (IJD) are at higher risk for developing depression compared to the general population; however, the risk for SD or TRD is not known.Objectives
To examine the odds of patients with IJD for developing SD and TRD compared to non-severe and non-TRD depression.MethodsThis case-control study was nested within a cohort of patients with incident depression (n=443,384) identified in nationwide Swedish registers 2006-2018. Patients with SD (n=42,975) were identified through the ICD-10 code specifier, through psychiatric hospitalization and/or through suicide attempts. Patients who started a third consecutive treatment for depression were identified with TRD (n=33,830). Each patient was matched with five non-SD - or non-TRD - patients by sociodemographics and year of cohort entry. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were calculated by conditional logistic regression with regard to a history of any IJD and specific IJDs prior to depression onset.ResultsAmong patients with depression, those with a history of IJD did not have higher odds for developing SD (aOR 1.09 (95%CI 1.00-1.20)) or TRD (aOR 1.03 (0.93 - 1.14)) compared to patients without IJD. A history of rheumatoid arthritis was associated with a significantly higher odds for SD among patients aged 18-29 (aOR 1.55 (1.01-2.36)) and for TRD among patients aged 30-49 (aOR 1.33 (1.05-1.67).ConclusionsOverall, no association was observed between history of IJD and developing SD/TRD; with the exception of younger age strata in rheumatoid arthritis.DisclosurePB, JA, DH, LB, and JR are affiliated to or employees at The Unit for Clinical Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, which receives grants from several entities (pharmaceutical companies, regulatory authorities, contract research organizations) for the per
The soluble ST2 levels in patients with depression and comorbid heart failure
Authors: Sikora A. , Fedorov S. , Vynnyk M. , Pustovoyt M. , Pityk O. , Bezuk J. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionDepression in HF has become a major issue as the burden of HF has continued to increase, and many studies have suggested poorer outcomes in HF patients reporting depression. The prevalence of major depression in HF is about 20–40 %, which is 4–5 % higher than in the normal population. Soluble ST2 is involved in multiple pathogenetic pathways including cardiac strain, inflammation, and myocardial necrosis with remodeling.ObjectivesThe purpose of study was to assess the predictive effect of soluble ST2 (sST2) and depressive symptoms in patients with ischemic HFMethodsIt this observational cross-sectional trial 129 patients with ischemic HF FC II-IV by New York Heart Association and depression were investigated. The diagnosis was verified by laboratory and instrumental methods according to European Society of Cardiology recommendations (2016). Depressive symptoms were evaluated by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The ST2 level in blood serum was detected by ELISA method. Statistical analyses were performed using the Statistica 12 (StatSoft, Tulsa, OK, USA).ResultsThe prevalence of depression increases with NYHA functional class. With decreasing ejection fraction of left ventricle, levels of sST2 were gradually increased (P for trend < 0.001), as well as the prevalence of depressive symptoms (P for trend < 0.01). Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that depressive symptoms and elevation of sST2 were both independent predictors of all-cause mortality and HF-related hospitalization.ConclusionsThe serum levels of sST2 and depressive symptoms were independent and additive predictors of all-cause mortality and heart failure-related hospitalization in patients with ischemic HF.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Change people attitudes towards schizophrenia using a short video
Authors: Amsalem D. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSocial contact-based video interventions effectively reduce stigma toward individuals with psychosis.ObjectivesWe recently demonstrated the efficacy of a 90-second social contact–based video intervention in reducing stigma. The current randomized controlled study presents four briefer videos differing in presenter’s gender and race, with baseline, postintervention, and 30-day follow-up assessments. The study aimed to examine whether people changing their attitudes following the intervention.Methods
Using a crowdsourcing platform (CloudResearch), we recruited and assigned 1,993 race and gender-balanced participants ages 18–35 years to one of four brief video-based interventions (Black female, White female, Black male, and White male presenters) or a nonintervention control condition. In the videos, a young presenter with psychosis humanized their illness through an evocative description of living a meaningful and productive life.Results
Five-by-three ANOVA showed a significant group-by-time interaction for the total score of all five stigma domains: social distance, stereotyping, separateness, social restriction, and perceived recovery. A one-way ANOVA showed greater reductions in video intervention groups than control at post-intervention and 30-day follow-up, but no differences between video groups.Conclusions
This randomized controlled study replicated and extended previous research findings by showing stigma reduction across videos that differ in the presenter’s gender and race, thus enhancing generalizability. The videos described the experience of psychosis and reduced stigma, suggesting their potential utility on social media platforms to increase the likelihood of seeking services and ultimately may improve access to care among young individuals with psychosis. Future research should address intersectional stigma experienced by culturally tailoring the narrative.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Difference in spectral power density of sleep electroencephalography in individuals with or without insomnia
Authors: Kang J.M. , Cho S.-E. , Kang S.-G. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
Power spectral analysis is the most common method of quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG) techniques and enables investigation of the microstructure of insomnia. Previous spectral analysis studies on insomnia have shown inconsistent results due to their heterogeneity and small sample sizes.ObjectivesWe compared the difference of electroencephalogram (EEG) spectral power during sleep among participants without insomnia, insomniacs with no hypnotic use, hypnotic users with no insomnia complaints, and hypnotic users with insomnia complaints.MethodsWe used the Sleep Heart Health Study data, which is large sample size and has good quality control. The fast Fourier transformation was used to calculate the EEG power spectrum for total sleep duration within contiguous 30-second epochs of sleep. For 1,985 participants, EEG spectral power was compared among the groups while adjusting for potential confounding factors that could affect sleep EEG.ResultsThe power spectra during total sleep differed significantly among the groups in all frequency bands (p corr < 0.001). We found that quantitative EEG spectral power in the beta and sigma bands of total sleep differed (p corr < 0.001) between participants without insomnia and hypnotic users with insomnia complaints after controlling for potential confounders. The higher beta and sigma power were found in the hypnotic users with insomnia complaints than in the non-insomnia participants.ConclusionsThis study suggests differences in the microstructures of polysomnography-derived sleep EEG between the insomnia groups.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
I can’t wait! An investigation into time processing in cocaine use disorder
Authors: Burke T. , Ersche K. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAlmost all definitions of impulsivity include the notion of distorted time perception such as impaired awareness of the future or premature responses. Preclinical evidence suggests that stimulant drugs speed up the internal clock, making time pass faster than it actually is. However, stimulant-addicted humans, who are drug-abstinent seem to over-estimate long time intervals.ObjectivesThe present study aims to investigate time processing in actively using patients with cocaine use disorder (CUD). We hypothesise that active cocaine use will be associated with an under-estimation of long time intervals.MethodsWe recruited 48 men with a chronic history of cocaine use, meeting the DSM-5 criteria for CUD, and 42 healthy men without a history of substance use disorders. All participants completed a time reproduction task in which they were presented four times with six different time durations and were subsequently asked to reproduce them by pressing the space bar for the same time duration of the target interval they had just seen. Participants also completed the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11).ResultsOverall precision in time reproduction was significantly reduced in CUD patients (F6,81=3.97,p=0.002), which was particularly evident for longer time delays. CUD patients’ estimated-to-target-duration ratios were marginally shorter for the 11000ms (F1,86=3.1,p=0.084) and significantly shorter for the 18000ms and 24000ms time intervals (both p<0.05). Time reproduction performance correlated with self-reported attentional impulsivity on the BIS-11 in both CUD patients and healthy controls (all p<0.05).ConclusionsConsistent with preclinical work, the inner clock of humans with regular cocaine use seems to be accelerated.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
An application for identification and stratification psychological crisis among pandemic frontline healthcare workers
Authors: Szendi Md Habil I. , Bóna O. , Jenei T. , Kovács C. , Nagy Á. , Németh-Rácz K. , Török I.A. , Rudics E. , Dalos V. , Bilicki V. , Bácsfalvi M. , Téglás K. , Szabó Z. , Kelemen E. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe COVID-MENTA Screening Program was developed to monitor the mental health of frontline healthcare professionals and identify those at high risk for suicide at the Kiskunhalas Mobile Disease Control Hospital.ObjectivesOur post hoc analysis aimed to investigate the association between psychological distress and suicide ideation based on passively collected data during the screening work.MethodsA sample of 50 healthcare professionals was analyzed from 167 participants in the COVID-MENTA Screening Program between the second and third waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data collection was performed during the breaks of healthcare professionals at work. Half of the group (N=25) perceived severe distress (scored > 5/10 on Distress Thermometer). The crisis monitoring application was based on Klonsky and May’s 3-step theory (2015) and was built by adapting the questions on the appropriate international scales (Psychache Scale, Beck’s Hopelessness Scale, Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire, Suicide Capacity Scale). The tool can stratify the current suicide risk into seven levels.ResultsSpearman’s Rank Correlation was used for statistical analysis. There was a significant positive correlation between the psychological distress and the suicide risk (r (48) = 0,43, p
< 0,01).ConclusionsOur findings supported the hypothesis of the study that the risk of suicide rises with the increase of the level of distress. The application has been proved effective in ecological conditions, helping in several cases to screen individuals currently at increased risk for suicide, allowing us to intervene in a timely and effective manner.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Healthcare workers’ knowledge and management skills of psychosocial and mental health needs and priorities of individuals with COVID-19
Authors: Hamdan-Mansour A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionIndividuals confirmed with COVID-19 were isolated or treated in medical and well-designated units; however, such a situation probably causing psychological and mental health problems that require prompt intervention.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to identify the knowledge and management of healthcare workers regarding psychosocial and mental health priorities and needs of individuals with COVID-19.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional descriptive study. The data collected conveniently at one single point in time from 101 healthcare workers in Jordan directly managing the health of individuals with COVID-19.Resultshealthcare workers have moderate to a high level of knowledge of psychological distress related to COVID-19; mean ranged from 50-70% agreement and confidence. Healthcare workers had moderate to a high level of management of psychosocial and mental health needs. In general, healthcare workers were able to identify mental and psychosocial health needs and priorities at a moderate level. Healthcare workers’ knowledge had a positive and significant correlation with age (r = .24, p = .012) and years of experience (r = .28, p =.004), and a significant difference was found in their management towards using mental and psychosocial care between those who are trained on psychological first aids and those who are not (t = - 3.11, p = .003).Conclusionsthere is a need to train healthcare workers to integrate psychosocial and mental health care while managing psychological distress related to COVID-19.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Older adults and sexual well-being: A qualitative study in Portugal and Slovenia
Authors: Von Humboldt S. , Ribeiro-Gonçalves J.A. , Costa A. , Low G. , Benko E. , Leal I. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionBeyond living longer, it is increasingly important to live with more and better health during aging (1). Sexual well-being (SWB) was found to contribute to health and well-being in old age and is highly under-researched in the older population (2).ObjectivesThis study aims to analyze SWB in a cross-cultural way through older Portuguese and Slovenian older samples.MethodsWe interviewed 136 older participants with an average age of 71.6 years old. Participants were Portuguese and Slovenian and lived in the community. Participants were subjected to semi-structured interviews and these were subjected to a content analysis process.ResultsThe content analysis indicated nine themes related to SWB: self-reported good health; demonstrations of love; non-sexual joint activities; overall well-being and quality of life; partner support; positive self-image; being independent and active; sexual compatibility; and masturbation. Portuguese older adults experience their SWB associated mainly with self-reported good health and demonstrations of love, while Slovenians older adults associate their SWB mainly with non-sexual joint activities and overall well-being and quality of life.ConclusionsThe themes found in this study are fundamental evidence for cultural interventions and guidelines outlining in the context of sexual health in aging, mainly due to the scarcity of knowledge of SWB among older adults. 1.von Humboldt S et al. Sexual expression in old age: How older adults from different cultures express sexually? Sex Res Social Policy. 2020;1-15. 2.von Humboldt S et al. Are older adults satisfied with their sexuality? Outcomes from a cross-cultural study. Educ Gerontol. 2020;46:284-293.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis Case Report In A Patient With Suspected Conversion Disorder
Authors: Duran Öztürk A.N. , Sahmelikoglu Onur O. , Karamustafalioglu N. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction. Autoimmune encephalitis is a difficult-to-recognize, complex disease that can present with various neuropsychiatric symptoms. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA-r) and anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 protein (LGI-1) subtypes of autoimmune encephalitis may present with psychiatric symptoms.ObjectivesWe would like to present an autoimmune encephalitis case that can be confused with conversion disorder.MethodsA 54-year-old, female patient started to have forgetfulness ten months ago, and convulsions started five months ago. The patient had disorganized behaviors and contractions in the extremities. Diffusion MRI and brain CT images were normal. The patient had low blood sodium level. In the follow-up, her orientation was impaired and she could hardly make eye contact. As the patient’s contractions were evaluated as conversion in the first stage, 50mg/day sertraline was added to the treatment.ResultsAfter cranial MRI and EEG recordings were completed, the patient was referred to the neurology department due to the suspicion of autoimmune encephalitis. In the cerebrospinal fluid examination anti-LGI-1 and anti-yo antibodies were positive. Thereupon, IV pulse steroid was given. After that her orientation and disorganized behavior improved. Then, the patient was referred to oncology department.ConclusionsLimbic encephalitis may manifest as sleep disorders, short-term memory loss, conversion disorder, disorganized behaviors, slurred speech, non-epileptic seizures, sensory and motor defects. Delay in diagnosis may worsen the prognosis of possible malignancy. It should be kept in mind that the patient with a suspected conversion disorder may have limbic encephalitis.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Early Intervention Programmes in Psychosis
Authors: Nordentoft M. 
Published: September 2022

Early Intervention Programmes in Psychosis Mental illness is associated with high burden of disease and it has severe individual and societal consequences. In first episode psychosis, specialised Early Intervention Services with team-based intensive case management and family involvement are superior to standard treatment in reducing psychotic and negative symptoms and comorbid substance abuse and improving social functioning and user satisfaction. The results of the OPUS-trials will be presented together with meta-analyses based on similar trials. The sustainability of positive effects will be highlighted with results from three different trials. Results of long-term follow-up studies indicate that the prognosis of first episode psychosis is very diverse with the extremes represented by one group being well functioning and able to quit medication without relapse; and another group having a long-term chronic course of illness with a need for support to maintain daily activities. The latter is, in spite of many efforts, still poorly served. A substantial proportion of patients with psychosis have treatment resistant auditory hallucinations. The UK-based AVATAR-trial was the first to demonstrate effect of simulation training on devaluating voices. The Danish CHALLENGE-trial aim to replicate the findings from the AVATAR trial in a virtual reality setting.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Effects of acute physical activity on executive functions requiring inhibition among children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Miklós M. , Komáromy D. , Futó J. , Balazs J. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionIn recent years, physical activity as a potential intervention for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) became into the focus of researchers, however the results are conflicting.ObjectivesOur aim was to investigate the effect of acute moderate physical activity on executive functions requiring inhibition.MethodsThe study included 50 treatment-naïve ADHD children, 50 medicated children with ADHD and 50 typically developing children, aged 6–12 years. To diagnose ADHD, we applied the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents. To measure executive functions, the pediatric version of the Test of Attentional Performance (KiTAP) was used. Half of the children in each study group participated in a 20-minute, moderately intense exercise while watching a cartoon video. In the control intervention, the other half of the children from all three study groups watched the same cartoon video in a sitting position for 20 min.ResultsRegarding distractibility, flexibility and inhibition, physical activity had a significant positive effect on two of 10 parameters (number of total errors and errors when distractor was presented, both in the distractibility task) in the treatment-naïve ADHD group.ConclusionsOur results suggest that moderate acute physical activity has some significant positive effects on certain executive function parameters among children with ADHD. Future studies should consider determining the optimal form, intensity, and duration of physical activity to become a potential adjunctive intervention for children diagnosed with ADHD.DisclosureNo significant relationships.