bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Karakteristik Sifat Kualitatif Kambing Kacang di Kota Kendari
Authors: Fitaria Fitaria , Nafiu La Ode , Badaruddin Rusli 
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji sifat kualitatif dan kuantitatif kambing Kacang di Kota Kendari. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan diempat kecamatan yaitu, Kecamatan kambu, Kecamatan Poasia, Kecamatan Puuwatu, Kecamatan Nambo. Materi yang digunakan penelitian adalah ternak kambing kacang jantan dan betina. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah : sifat kualitatif yaitu warna bulu,bentuk tanduk,tipe telinga. Sedangkan sifat kuantitatif yaitu, bobot badan, lingkar dada, panjang badan, tinggi pundak, tinggi pinggul. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sifat kualitatif kambing kacang di Kota Kendari memiliki warna bulu coklat (jantan 22,4% dan betina 18,66) sementara pada tanduk (jantan 97,01%, dan betina 72,00%) dan tipe telinga (jantan 59,00% dan betina 44,57), sedangkan rataan sifat kuantitatif jenis kelamin jantan umur 2-12 bulan16 ± 3,17 kg, pada betina 20± 2,26 , lingkar dada jenis kelamin jantan umur 18-24 bulan 67± 8,17 sedangkan pada betina 67± 7,94 , rataan panjang badan jenis kelamin jantan 45 ± 6,54, sedangkan pada betina 53±5,87, rataan tinggi pundak jenis kelamin jantan umur 30 bulan keatas 56±5,00, sedangkan pada betina 73± 4,86, rataan pinggi pinggul jenis kelamin jantan umur gabungan, dan tinggi pinggul 70± 6,04 cm, sedangkan pada betina yaitu 70± 6,04 cm.
Kamu Politikası Analizi: İlköğretim Eğitim Politikaları
Authors: KARATAY Zeynep , EMİNİ KURTULUŞ Filiz Tufan 
Published: November 2022

Hükümetler, her alanda hizmetlerin ve faaliyetlerin sürdürülebilmesi ve uygulanabilmesi için kamu politikaları oluşturmaktadırlar. Bu politikalar vatandaşın taleplerine, istemlerine ve ilgili alandaki sorunlara yönelik olarak şekillenmekte ve oluşturulmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda eğitim alanında da eğitim sürecinin devam etmesi, öğrencilerin kaliteli ve nitelikli eğitim alabilmeleri için eğitim politikaları oluşturulmuştur. Bu eğitim politikaları eğitim sorunlarının çözüme ulaşması, her çocuğun eşit, ücretsiz, nitelikli ve kaliteli eğitim alabilmesi açısından önem arz etmektedir.
Bu kapsamda bu çalışmada “Eğitim alanında (ilköğretim kademesinde) uygulanan politikaların başarı düzeyi ve yeterliliği ne düzeydedir?” sorusu problem olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu problem dahilinde eğitim alanında uygulanan politikaların analizi yapılarak eğitim sistemindeki mevcut sorunlara çözüm üretmek açısından ne düzeyde yeterli olduğunun tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Bu amaç doğrultusunda araştırma; eğitim alanında sorunların tespit edilmesi, eğitim politikalarının analiz edilmesi, eğitim politikalarının sorunların çözümünde ne düzeyde etkili olduğu ve gelecekte konu ile ilgili yapılması muhtemel çalışmalara ve araştırmacılara veriler sunması açısından önem arz etmektedir. Türkiye’nin ilköğretim eğitim politikalarının analizi ile Türkiye’deki ilköğretim eğitim kademesinin mevcut durumu konusunda farkındalık oluşturması için de ayrıca önem arz etmektedir.
Çalışmada yapılan analizler ve elde edilen veriler ışığında eğitim alanında uygulanan politikaların, eğitim sisteminde yaşanan sorunlara yeterli ölçüde çözüm üretemediği saptanmıştır. İlgili sorunlara yönelik uygulanan politikaların uygulanmasından sonra, sorunların hala devam ettiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
وقائع ندورة حقوق الانسان في العراق بين الواقع والتطلعات
Authors: اسراء علاء الدين نوري  
Published: November 2022

الحقوق السياسية للمرأة في الدساتير : الدستور العراقي لعام 2005 انموذجاً
دور المؤسسات الوطنية في حماية وتعزيز حقوق الانسان
الحق في بيئة سليمة من التلوث( ظاهرة الغبار في العراق
Resistance to the Current
Authors: Söderberg Johan , Maxigas  
Published: November 2022

How hacking cultures drive contemporary capitalism and the future of innovation.
In Resistance to the Current, Johan Söderberg and Maxigas examine four historical case studies of hacker movements and their roles in shaping the twenty-first-century's network society. Based on decades of field work and analysis, this intervention into current debates situates an exploding variety of hacking practices within the contradictions of capitalism. Depoliticized accounts of computing cultures and collaborative production miss their core driver, write Söderberg and Maxigas: the articulation of critique and its recuperation into innovations.
Drawing on accounts of building, developing, and running community wireless networks, 3D printers, hackerspaces, and chat protocols, the authors develop a theoretical framework of critique and recuperation to examine how hackers—who have long held a reputation for being underground rebels—transform their outputs from communal, underground experiments to commercial products that benefit the state and capital. This framework allows a dialectical understanding of contemporary social conflicts around technology and innovation. Hackers' critiques of contemporary norms spur innovation, while recuperation turns these innovations into commodified products and services. Recuperation threatens the autonomy of hacker collectives, harnessing their outputs for the benefit of a capitalist system.
With significant practical implications, this sophisticated multidisciplinary account of technology-oriented movements that seek to challenge capitalism will appeal to science and technology readers interested in innovation studies, user studies, cultural studies, and media and communications.
Antitoxic Effects of Solanum betaceum cav. Peel Skin Extract
Authors: Sudiono Janti , Trisfilha Pretty , Agita Debi 
Published: November 2022

Background: In Indonesia, Solanum betaceum cav is a traditional herbal medicine which their skin is often wasted because not many people known its content.
Aims: To find out the anti-toxic effect of Solanum betaceum cav peel skin ethanol extract on rat’s renal post-carrageenan induction.
Study Design: Laboratory experimental in vivo study.
Place and Duration of Study: This research was done at Animal Research Facilities (ARF) Medical Faculty University of Indonesia, at September to December 2021.
Methodology: The samples used in this research are male white mice, Wistar strain (Rattus norvegicus) with the body weight 180–220 gram which divided into 5 groups, negative control (saline), positive control (sodium dilcofenac 7mg/kgBW), and Solanum betaceum Cav. peel skin ethanol extract groups (70mg/kgBW, 140mg/kgBW, and 280mg/kgBW). Mice’s buccal mucosa was injected with Caraagenan 1%. Macroscopic and microscopic observation was done before, 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours post caraagenan injection.
Results: Phytochemical test showed that Solanum betaceum Cav. peel skin ethanol extract contains phenolic, flavonoid, tannin, and alkaloid. At all doses, anti-toxic effect of Solanum betaceum Cav. peel skin ethanol extract have same healing effectiveness within 48 hours. In positive control, the renal were normal at 48 hours. Meanwhile, the negative control’s healing effectiveness was seen at 72 hours.
Conclusion: The anti-toxic effect of Solanum betaceum Cav. peel skin ethanol extract has effective healing process at all doses in 48 hours post-carrageenan induction without affect rats’ body weight, however with lower intensity than positive control which using dilcofenac as anti-inflammatory drug.
Role of Condensed Tannins in the Antioxidant Activity of Seeds of Cola nitida (Vent.) Schott & Endl. (Malvaceae)
Authors: Sarr Abdou , Dieng Serigne Ibra Mbacké , Sene Madièye , Diatta Charlot , Diatta-Badji Kady , Diatta William , Fall Alioune Dior 
Published: November 2022

Background: Native to West Africa, Cola nitida is a tropical tree of about 8-12 in height that grows in lowland rainforest. This plant is best known in Africa for its seeds, used in phytotherapy but for their socio-cultural importance.
Aims/Objective: This study investigated the antioxidant activity of condensed tannins of Cola nitida seeds by carrying out two antioxidant tests (DPPH and FRAP).
Methods: From a hydro-ethanolic extract of Cola nitida seeds, two samples were made. One treated with casein (EC) and another one without treatment (EWC). The researsh of condensed tannins were carried out by precipitation with Stiasny reagent. The total polyphenol and tannin contents were evaluated by the Folin-Denis method and the antioxidant power by DPPH and FRAP tests.
Results: Extract without treatment (EWC) showed more antioxidant activity than the extract treated with casein (EC). Thus, the IC50 of EWC which contains condensed tannins was 5.54±0.005 µg/ml, while that of EC (without condensed tannins) reached 61.92±0.165 µg/ml.
Conclusion: Cola nitida seeds are rich in condensed tannins that play an important role in the antioxidant activity.
Optimization of isocenter position for multiple targets with nonuniform‐margin expansion
Authors: Miao Junjie , Xu Yingjie , Dai Jianrong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeThe single isocenter for multiple‐target (SIMT) technique has become a popular treatment technique for multiple brain metastases. We have implemented a method to obtain a nonuniform margin for SIMT technique. In this study, we further propose a method to determine the isocenter position so that the total expanded margin volume is minimal.Materials and methodBased on a statistical model, the relationship between nonuniform margin and the distance d (from isocenter to target point), setup uncertainties, and significance level was established. Due to the existence of rotational error, there is a nonlinear relationship between the margin volume and the isocenter position. Using numerical simulation, we study the relationship between optimal isocenter position and translational error, rotational error, and target size. In order to find the optimal isocenter position quickly, adaptive simulated annealing (ASA) algorithm was used. This method was implemented in the Pinnacle3 treatment planning system and compared with isocenter at center‐of‐geometric (COG), center‐of‐volume (COV), and center‐of‐surface (COS). Ten patients with multiple brain metastasis targets treated with the SIMT technique was selected for evaluation.ResultsWhen the size of tumors is equal, the optimal isocenter obtained by ASA and numerical simulation coincides with COG, COV, and COS. When the size of tumors is different, the optimal isocenter is close to the large tumor. The position of COS point is closer to the optimal point than the COV point for nearly all cases. Moreover, in some cases the COS point can be approximately selected as the optimal point. The ASA algorithm can reduce the calculating time from several hours to tens of seconds for three or more tumors. Using multiple brain metastases targets, a series of volume difference and calculating time were obtained for various tumor number, tumor size, and separation distances. Compared with the margin volume with isocenter at COG, the margin volume for optimal point can be reduced by up to 27.7%.ConclusionOptimal treatment isocenter selection of multiple targets with large differences could reduce the total margin volume. ASA algorithm can significantly improve the speed of finding the optimal isocenter. This method can be used for clinical isocenter selection and is useful for the protection of normal tissue nearby.
Covalent Protein Immobilization on 3D‐Printed Microfiber Meshes for Guided Cartilage Regeneration
Authors: Ainsworth Madison J. , Lotz Oliver , Gilmour Aaron , Zhang Anyu , Chen Michael J. , McKenzie David R. , Bilek Marcela M.M. , Malda Jos , Akhavan Behnam , Castilho Miguel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCurrent biomaterial‐based strategies explored to treat articular cartilage defects have failed to provide adequate physico‐chemical cues in order to guide functional tissue regeneration. Here, it is hypothesized that atmospheric‐pressure plasma (APPJ) treatment and melt electrowriting (MEW) will produce microfiber support structures with covalently‐immobilized transforming growth factor beta‐1 (TGFβ1) that can stimulate the generation of functional cartilage tissue. The effect of APPJ operational speeds to activate MEW polycaprolactone meshes for immobilization of TGFβ1 is first investigated and chondrogenic differentiation and neo‐cartilage production are assessed in vitro. All APPJ speeds test enhanced hydrophilicity of the meshes, with the slow treatment speed having significantly less CC/CH and more COOH than the untreated meshes. APPJ treatment increases TGFβ1 loading efficiency. Additionally, in vitro experiments highlight that APPJ‐based TGFβ1 attachment to the scaffolds is more advantageous than direct supplementation within the medium. After 28 days of culture, the group with immobilized TGFβ1 has significantly increased compressive modulus (more than threefold) and higher glycosaminoglycan production (more than fivefold) than when TGFβ1 is supplied through the medium. These results demonstrate that APPJ activation allows reagent‐free, covalent immobilization of TGFβ1 on microfiber meshes and, importantly, that the biofunctionalized meshes can stimulate neo‐cartilage matrix formation. This opens new perspectives for guided tissue regeneration.
In Situ Constructing a Film‐Coated 3D Porous Zn Anode by Iodine Etching Strategy Toward Horizontally Arranged Dendrite‐Free Zn Deposition
Authors: Li Gaopeng , Wang Xinlu , Lv Shuhui , Wang Jinxian , Yu Wensheng , Dong Xiangting , Liu Dongtao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractZn metal anode has drawn tremendous attention owing to its low cost and high volumetric capacity advantages. However, the commercial application of zinc‐based batteries is greatly deterred by Zn dendrite and severe side reactions. Interface modification is one of the most effective strategies to solve these issues. Herein, a facile iodine etching strategy to in situ construct a film‐coated 3D porous Zn anode is first proposed, which significantly reduces the nucleation overpotential of Zn while suppressing side reactions, thus resulting in uniform Zn deposition. Benefiting from the dual protection of surface coating and 3D porous Zn anode, the symmetric cell displays a long lifespan of over 5000 h at 1 mA cm–2, ≈40 times of bare Zn anode. The asymmetric cell with modified Zn anode also delivers excellent cycling stability for over 2000 cycles to achieve a high average Coulombic efficiency of 99.87%. Moreover, the capacity retention of a full battery coupled with ammonium vanadate cathode after 5000 cycles is up to 97.3%, which is much more stable than the bare Zn anode under the same condition (20%). Such a novel interfacial modification method provides a new perspective for the realization of stable metal electrodes.
19.10% Efficiency and 80.5% Fill Factor Layer‐by‐Layer Organic Solar Cells Realized by 4‐Bis(2‐Thienyl)Pyrrole‐2,5‐Dione Based Polymer Additives for Inducing Vertical Segregation Morphology
Authors: Zhou Mingwei , Liao Chentong , Duan Yuwei , Xu Xiaopeng , Yu Liyang , Li Ruipeng , Peng Qiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe morphology plays a key role in determining the charge generation and collection process, thus impacting the performances of organic solar cells (OSCs). The limited selection pool of additives to optimize the morphology of OSCs, especially for the emerging layer‐by‐layer (LbL) OSCs, impeding the improvements of photovoltaic performances. Herein, a new method of using conjugated polymers as the additives to optimize the morphology for improving the photovoltaic performances of LbL‐OSCs is reported. Four polymers of PH, PS, PF, and PCl are developed with different side chains. These polymers exhibit poor performances as donor materials and additives in the BHJ devices, due to the unsuitable energy level alignment and unfavorable molecular interactions. By contrast, they can be served as efficient additives to optimize the PM6 fibril matrix for facilitating the penetration of BTP‐eC9 and forming an intertwined D/A bicontinuous network with a vertical segregation. Such morphology is optimized by side chain engineering, which enables the progressive improvement of the charge separation and collection. As a result, adding a small amount of PCl as the additive, the optimized morphology contributes to a champion PCE of 19.10% with a high FF of 80.5%.
Silver‐Catalyzed [3+2] Cycloaddition for the Diastereoselective Synthesis of anti‐3‐Substituted Hydroindolin‐2‐Imines
Authors: Yang Zhongtao , Luo Xiai , Zhang Zhipeng , Luo Xiaoling , Zheng Jia , Luo Hui , Yang Weiguang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe describe a silver catalyzed [3+2] diastereoselective annulation of p‐quinamines and ketenimine zwitterionic salts, leading to anti‐3‐substituted hydroindolin‐2‐imines under mild conditions. Ketenimine zwitterionic salts participate in the [3+2] cycloadditions as a monoolefin (2π‐system). The relative stereoselectivity of the reaction was regulated by the tert‐butyl ester. This protocol is complementary to the synthesis of functionalized hydroindoles moiety and expands the application of ketenimine zwitterionic salts.magnified image
Breast Milk Exposure is Associated With Cortical Maturation in Preterm Infants
Authors: Sullivan Gemma , Vaher Kadi , Blesa Manuel , Galdi Paola , Stoye David Q. , Quigley Alan J. , Thrippleton Michael J. , Norrie John , Bastin Mark E. , Boardman James P. 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveBreast milk exposure is associated with improved neurocognitive outcomes following preterm birth but the neural substrates linking breast milk with outcome are uncertain. We tested the hypothesis that high versus low breast milk exposure in preterm infants results in cortical morphology that more closely resembles that of term‐born infants.MethodsWe studied 135 preterm (<32 weeks’ gestation) and 77 term infants. Feeding data were collected from birth until hospital discharge and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed at term‐equivalent age. Cortical indices (volume, thickness, surface area, gyrification index, sulcal depth, and curvature) and diffusion parameters (fractional anisotropy [FA], mean diffusivity [MD], radial diffusivity [RD], axial diffusivity [AD], neurite density index [NDI], and orientation dispersion index [ODI]) were compared between preterm infants who received exclusive breast milk for <75% of inpatient days, preterm infants who received exclusive breast milk for ≥75% of inpatient days and term‐born controls. To investigate a dose response effect, we performed linear regression using breast milk exposure quartile weighted by propensity scores.ResultsIn preterm infants, high breast milk exposure was associated with reduced cortical gray matter volume (d = 0.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.14 to 0.94, p = 0.014), thickness (d = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.08 to 0.84, p = 0.039), and RD (d = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.002 to 0.77, p = 0.039), and increased FA (d = −0.38, 95% CI = −0.74 to −0.01, p = 0.037) after adjustment for age at MRI, which was similar to the cortical phenotype observed in term‐born controls. Breast milk exposure quartile was associated with cortical volume (ß = −0.192, 95% CI = −0.342 to −0.042, p = 0.017), FA (ß = 0.223, 95% CI = 0.075 to 0.372, p = 0.007), and RD (ß = −0.225, 95% CI = −0.373 to −0.076, p = 0.007) following adjustment for age at birth, age at MRI, and weighted by propensity scores, suggesting a dose effect.InterpretationHigh breast milk exposure following preterm birth is associated with a cortical imaging phenotype that more closely resembles the brain morphology of term‐born infants and effects appear to be dose‐dependent. ANN NEUROL 2023;93:591–603
Grenzflächen mit fluorierten Amphiphilen: Überstrukturen und Mikrofluidik
Authors: Junge Florian , Lee Pin‐Wei , Kumar Singh Abhishek , Wasternack Janos , Pachnicz Michał P. , Haag Rainer , Schalley Christoph A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDer vorliegende Aufsatz diskutiert die jüngsten Entwicklungen in der Forschung zu Grenzflächenphänomenen fluorierter Amphiphile und konzentriert sich auf Anwendungen, die die einzigartigen und vielfältigen Grenzflächeneigenschaften dieser Amphiphile ausnutzen. Vor allem bilden fluorierte Amphiphile stabile Aggregate mit oft deutlich anderer Morphologie als ihre nicht fluorierten Analoga. Folglich finden fluorierte Tenside vielfältigen Einsatz in Hochleistungsanwendungen wie dem Mikrofluidik‐unterstützten Screening. Darüber hinaus wird ihr fluorspezifisches Verhalten an der Fest/Flüssig‐Grenzfläche thematisiert, wie zum Beispiel die Bildung superhydrophober Beschichtungen nach der Abscheidung auf Oberflächen. Da fluorierte Tenside und perfluorierte Materialien im Allgemeinen potenzielle Umweltbedrohungen darstellen, werden auch die jüngsten Entwicklungen der Schadstoffsanierung durch ihre Adsorption an fluorierte Oberflächen bewertet.
Synthesis, computational and antimicrobial evaluation of some new pyridine derivatives
Authors: Alsoliemy Amerah 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA series of pyridine compounds were prepared by using 3‐(dimethylamino)‐1‐(pyridin‐4‐yl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐one (14) as a precursor. The reaction of 14 with different reagents afforded different new heterocyclic compounds. All the new compounds were characterized by spectroscopic analyses. Moreover, the density function theory study was made to establish the geometry of the tested compounds. The antimicrobial activities of the newly prepared pyridine derivatives were studied against Gram‐positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis) and Gram‐negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and fungi (Fusarium oxysporum and Botrytis fabae) by the minimal inhibitory concentration method. Compounds belonging to the pyran 32, pyridine 33, indenopyran 34, thiazolopyridine 35, and chromene 39 series displayed a high antimicrobial activity. It was found that the experimental results of the biological evaluation were in agreement with the molecular modeling studies.
Cell‐Mediated Cytotoxicity in Lyme Arthritis
Authors: Ordóñez David , Lochhead Robert B. , Strle Klemen , Pianta Annalisa , Arvikar Sheila , Van Rhijn Ildiko , Stemmer‐Rachamimov Anat , Steere Allen C. 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveObliterative microvascular lesions are found in the synovial tissue of ~50% of patients with post‐antibiotic Lyme arthritis (LA) and correlate with autoantibodies to certain vascular antigens. In this study, we identified lymphocytes with cytotoxic potential that may also mediate this feature of synovial pathology.MethodsThe cytotoxic potential of lymphocytes and their T cell receptor (TCR) Vβ gene usage were determined using samples of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMCs) from patients with antibiotic‐responsive or post‐antibiotic LA. Cell phenotypes were analyzed using flow cytometry and intracellular cytokine staining. Immunohistochemistry was performed on post‐antibiotic synovial tissue samples.ResultsIn SFMC and PBMC samples, the percentages of CD8+ T cells and double‐negative T cells (primarily γδ T cells) were greater among 22 patients with post‐antibiotic LA than in 14 patients with antibiotic‐responsive LA. Moreover, CD8+ T cells and γδ T cells often expressed cytotoxic mediators, granzyme A/granzyme B, and perforin. The same 3 TCR Vβ segments were over‐represented in both CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells in SFMC samples from post‐antibiotic LA patients. In synovial tissue samples from 3 patients with post‐antibiotic LA, CD8+ T cells intermixed with CD4+ T cells were seen around blood vessels, and 2 patients with microvascular damage had autoantibodies to vascular‐associated antigens. One of these 2 patients, the one in whom cytotoxicity appeared to be active, had complement (C5b–9) deposition on obliterated vessels. Very few natural killer cells or γδ T cells were seen.ConclusionWe propose that CD8+ T cell–mediated cytotoxicity, CD4+ T cell help, autoantibodies to vascular antigens, and complement deposition may each have a role in microvasculature damage in post‐antibiotic LA.