bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empirically derived dietary patterns and their association with mental health: a cross-sectional sample of Iranian migraine patients (2019–2020)
Authors: Arab Arman , Rafie Nahid , Hadi Amir , Khorvash Fariborz , Heidari Zahra , Askari Gholamreza 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Based on a comprehensive search, we realized that there is no previous study conducted among migraine patients to assess the association between major dietary patterns and mental health. Therefore, the present study aims to explore the relationship between empirically-derived dietary patterns and depression, anxiety, and stress in a sample of Iranian migraine patients.

Methods
A total of 262 migraine patients (20–50 years) were selected through simple random sampling method for this study. Dietary intake during the previous year was determined using a validated 168-item, semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and major dietary patterns were derived using principal component analysis (PCA). For mental health evaluation, authors used the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS- 21) questionnaire. Statistical analysis included multinomial logistic regression analysis and results were expressed as odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results
We identified three major dietary patterns including “traditional”, “western”, and “healthy”. After controlling for potential confounders, those in the highest tertile of the healthy dietary pattern had lower odds of depression (OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.22, 0.88; P for trend: 0.030) and stress (OR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.25, 0.99; P for trend: 0.049). However, no significant association was observed between western and traditional dietary patterns and mental disorders.

Conclusions
In summary, significant associations were documented between healthy dietary patterns and risk of depression and stress. Current findings urge migraine patients to increase their intakes of fruits, vegetables, eggs, whole grains, nuts and seeds, meat, and poultry and reduce the intake of fast foods and snacks, processed meat, fish, cola drink, condiments, dairy, and vegetable pickles to diminish the chance of depression and stress.
Simple linear regression approach for evaluating models to estimate stature based on upper limb dimensions of adult Bangladeshi males
Authors: Hossain Parash M Tanveer , Rahman Mohammad Mostafizur , Naushaba Humaira , Haque Sharmin , Shimmi Sadia Choudhury 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The stature of a living human reflects the nutritional, genetic, and disease patterns of individual experiences. This study adopted a simple linear regression method and R2 values to identify the preferred model for stature estimation based on the lengths of the arm, radius, ulna, and hand; breadth of the hand; and circumference of the wrist of the adult Bangladeshi male population. This cross-sectional study was performed in the Anatomy Department of Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka, from January 2009 to June 2011. One hundred right-handed adult Muslim Bangladeshi males aged 25 to 45 years participated in the study.

Results
The regression model using right and left ulnar length explained 63% of the measured stature with the least standard error of the estimate (0.435 and 0.436), the model using left and right arm length explained 60%, the model using left and right radius length explained 51%, and the model using left- and right-hand length explained 44% of the measured stature. However, the models using left and right handbreadth and wrist circumference explained only 11 to 13% of the measured stature with a higher standard error of the estimate (6.66 to 6.73). For 25- to 45-year-old Bangladeshi Muslim males, the ulnar length of both sides was the best predictor of stature.

Conclusions
Linear regression equations in estimating stature effectively may encourage its application in future studies addressing different age groups, sexes, nutritional statuses, religions, and ethnicities of Bangladesh.
Quality of sleep in a sample of Egyptian medical residency
Authors: Hendawy Heba , Abdelnaser Omar , Sohair Elghonemy , Eman Shorub , Nawara Mayar , Hossam Elkhatib 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Sleep disturbances among medical staff are common serious entities with devastating consequences. Numerous studies have analyzed the effects of residency on the quality of sleep of the medical trainees in various specialties, but only few studies were conducted in Egypt.

Results
One hundred fifty medical residents from various medical and surgical specialties who work in the hospitals of Ain Shams University, Egypt, agreed to participate in our study. Sociodemographic and work-related data were collected by a semi-structured sheet. Sleep quality was assessed by self-administered questionnaire—Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). According to the PSQI, 96.7% of the residents had poor sleep quality with mean PSQI score of 10.4 ± 2.5. No statistically significant difference was detected among the different specialties. Poorer sleep quality was more frequent among senior residents who spent longer duration in residency. The number of hours of sleep before residency and the number of days off during residency were the main predictors of total PSQI score and determinants of sleep quality

Conclusions
Poor sleep quality is highly prevalent among medical residents and is associated with work-related factors. It is necessary to consider residents’ sleep estate and conduct more analyses to diagnose, treat, and improve their sleep quality.
Learned lesson from COVID-19: can routine immunizations be the first line of defense against the next pandemic?
Authors: AbdelMassih Antoine , Gaber Hanya , El Shershaby Meryam , Hanafy Maram , Omar Yasmin , Husseiny Reem , AlShehry Nada , Ismail Habiba-Allah , Kamel Aya , Hozaien Rafeef , Khaled Ghadeer , Amer Mohamed , Turki Aya , Fawzy Heba , Puligheddu Stefano , Khaled Dalia , Thabet Nardine Nasry , Abdelaziz Mariam Sherif , Barakat Mustafa , Sharaf Sara , Mohamed Ahmed , Mohsen Dina , El Feky Amr , Adly Hadil , Ibrahim Eman , Mahmoud Rana , Reda Mirna , Riad Felopateer , Vasile Carmen , Shohdi Mahitab Adel , Hesham Nadine , El-Husseiny Nadine , Ragy Rana , Fouda Raghda 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Single-cell sequencing studies on the lung microenvironment have revealed that the outcome of COVID-19 depends largely on the immune system response rather than the viral load. A robust innate immune response and a regulated adaptive immunity can prevent the worst outcomes such as hospitalization and the need for mechanical ventilation.

Main body
Intriguingly, several vaccines pertaining to the routine vaccination schedule, not only BCG, can skew the immune response towards the aforementioned beneficial effects.

Short conclusion
This means that routine immunization not only can help in the current pandemic but can also offer a rapid rescue in the subsequent epidemics or pandemics until a vaccine is developed.
Role of varicocele sclerotherapy in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia and its associated lower urinary tract symptoms (pilot study)
Authors: Aly Zeinab Aly Moussa , El Gharib Mohamed , Hetta Waleed M. , Soliman Khaled Sayed 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is inescapable with aging and can cause lower urinary tract symptoms, worsening the quality of life. New pathophysiologic mechanisms of BPH development are currently under study to modulate its management. The valvular destruction of the spermatic veins (varicoceles development) incurs a testicular-prostatic hydrostatic pressure gradient, which conveys free undiluted testosterone to the prostate via a testicular-prostatic backdoor passage. Subsequently, prostatic congestion and androgen-dependent prostatic hyperplasia occur resulting in lower urinary symptoms development. The purpose of our study is to detect the effect of testicular venous sclerotherapy on the prostatic enlargement and the related urinary symptoms.

Results
Our single-arm interventional study included 36 patients with an age range of 40–80 years. The patients complained of urinary symptoms and had prostatomegaly with varicoceles by sonography. A median international prostatic symptom score (IPSS) of 19 and a quality of life (QoL) score ranging (3–6) reflected the severity of the urinary symptoms. Venography showed reflux in all cannulated spermatic veins with subsequent sclerotherapy on the left side and bilaterally in 80.6% and 11.1% of the patients, respectively. The technical and clinical success rates reached 91.7% and 83.3%, respectively, with a statistically significant reduction in the IPSS and QoL scores. We observed a statistically insignificant improvement in the sexual satisfaction, prostatic volumes, post-void residual volumes, and PSA levels. Minimal self-limiting complications occurred with an overall rate of 38.9%. Only 16.66% of cases needed further surgery, while the rest had sufficient symptomatic relief post sclerotherapy.

Conclusion
Varicoceles sclerotherapy can be employed to resolve the testicular venous insufficiency and mitigate the severity of the prostatic-related urological symptoms in middle-aged and elderly men, so varicoceles can be considered a confounding variable in the development of the prostatic-related lower urinary tract symptoms.
Blood purification in sepsis and COVID-19: what´s new in cytokine and endotoxin hemoadsorption
Authors: Ruiz-Rodríguez Juan Carlos , Plata-Menchaca Erika P. , Chiscano-Camón Luis , Ruiz-Sanmartin Adolf , Ferrer Ricard 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSepsis and COVID-19 are two clinical conditions that can lead to a dysregulated inflammatory state causing multiorgan dysfunction, hypercytokinemia, and a high risk of death. Specific subgroups of critically ill patients with particular characteristics could benefit from rescue treatment with hemoadsorption. There is a lack of adequately designed randomized controlled trials evaluating the potential benefits of cytokine or endotoxin hemoadsorption. Critically ill COVID-19 patients with severe acute respiratory failure poorly responsive to conventional treatment could be candidates to receive cytokine hemoadsorption in the presence of high levels of interleukin 6. This treatment can also be suitable for patients with refractory septic shock and hypercytokinemia. In the context of high endotoxin activity, hemoadsorption with polymyxin B could improve clinical parameters and the prognosis of patients with refractory septic shock. Predictive enrichment, using biomarkers or other individual features, identifies potential responders to cytokine, endotoxin, or sequential hemoadsorption. Besides, recognizing the particular subsets of patients likely to respond to one or both types of hemoadsorption will aid the design of future studies that accurately validate the effectiveness of these therapies.
Oncologist Peer Comparisons as a Behavioral Science Strategy to Improve Hospice Utilization
Authors: Sedhom Ramy , Blackford Amanda L. , Gupta Arjun , Smith Thomas J. , Shulman Lawrence N. , Carducci Michael A. 
Published: April 2022

PURPOSE: Hospice utilization metrics are essential for any serious effort to improve end-of-life care in oncology. However, oncologists do not routinely receive these personalized reports. We evaluated whether a behavioral science intervention, using peer comparisons coupled with social norms, was associated with improvements in hospice use. METHODS: Oncologists at two academic practices of Johns Hopkins Medicine were randomly assigned to receive a peer comparison report by e-mail displaying individual hospice utilization metrics compared with top-performing peers or to receive no report. The data accrued for the intervention represented hospice utilization for the previous calendar year. The intervention period was from June 1, 2020, to December 30, 2020, and included oncologists from both the solid and hematologic malignancies programs. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients between groups with short hospice length of stay (LOS; defined as ≤ 7 days) after 6 months. Secondary outcomes included hospice referral rate, enrollment rate, and median LOS. RESULTS: Forty-seven oncologists participated. The percent of patients with a short hospice stay in the intervention group was lower (17.4%) compared with patients treated by physicians in the usual care group (46.3%, difference = 21.8%; 95% CI, 16.0 to 41.6; P < .001). Receipt of peer comparisons was associated with a greater likelihood of enrolling in hospice (73.7% v 42.8%; difference = 31.1%; 95% CI, 20.4 to 41.7; P < .001) and a longer hospice LOS (37.2 v 18.3 days; difference = 17.2; 95% CI, 8.8 to 25.7 days; P < .001). CONCLUSION: Peer comparisons improved hospice utilization metrics among a group of academic oncologists. Behavioral science offers one pragmatic strategy to overcome suboptimal oncologist decision-making biases related to hospice use.
Hounsfield Unit as a Predictor of Adjacent-Level Disease in Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgery
Authors: De Stefano Frank , Elarjani Turki , Warner Tyler , Lopez Jose , Shah Sumedh , Basil Gregory W. , Urakov Timur 
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND:
Bone density has been associated with a successful fusion rate in spine surgery. Hounsfield units (HUs) have more recently been evaluated as an indirect representation of bone density. Low preoperative HUs may be an early indicator of global disease and chronic process and, therefore, indicative of the need for future reoperation.

OBJECTIVE:
To assess preoperative HUs and their association with future adjacent segment disease requiring surgical intervention through retrospective study.

METHODS:
Patients who underwent lumbar interbody fusion at a single institution between 2007 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Hounsfield unit values were measured from preoperative computed tomography (CT) using sagittal images, encircling cancellous portion of the vertebral body. Patient charts were reviewed for follow-up data and adjacent-level disease development.

RESULTS:
A total of 793 patients (age: 56.1 ± 13.7 years, 54.4% female) were included in this study. Twenty-two patients required surgical intervention for adjacent segment disease. Patients who underwent lumbar interbody fusion and did not subsequently require surgical intervention for adjacent-level disease were found to have a higher mean preoperative HU than patients who did require reoperation (180.7 ± 70.0 vs 148.4 ± 8.1, P = .032). Preoperative CT HU was a significant independent predictor for the requirement of adjacent-level surgery after spinal arthrodesis (odds ratio = 0.891 [0.883-0.899], P = .029).

CONCLUSION:
Patients who underwent lumbar interbody fusion that did not require reoperation for adjacent-level degeneration were found to have a higher mean preoperative HU than patients who did require surgical intervention. Lower preoperative CT HU was a significant independent predictor for the requirement of adjacent-level surgery after spinal arthrodesis.
Regulation of microtubule detyrosination by Ca2+ and conventional calpains
Authors: Bär Julia , Popp Yannes , Koudelka Tomas , Tholey Andreas , Mikhaylova Marina 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Detyrosination is a major post-translational modification of microtubules (MTs), which has significant impact on MT function in cell division, differentiation, growth, migration and intracellular trafficking. Detyrosination of α-tubulin occurs mostly via the recently identified complex of vasohibin 1 or 2 (VASH1 and VASH2, respectively) with small vasohibin binding protein (SVBP). However, there is still remaining detyrosinating activity in the absence of VASH1 and/or VASH2 and SVBP, and little is known about the regulation of detyrosination. Here, we found that intracellular Ca2+ is required for efficient MT detyrosination. Furthermore, we show that the Ca2+-dependent proteases calpains 1 and 2 (CAPN1 and CAPN2, respectively) regulate MT detyrosination in VASH1- and SVBP-overexpressing human embryonic kidney (HEK293T) cells. We identified new calpain cleavage sites in the N-terminal disordered region of VASH1. However, this cleavage did not affect the enzymatic activity of vasohibins. In conclusion, we suggest that the regulation of VASH1-mediated MT detyrosination by calpains could occur independently of vasohibin catalytic activity or via another yet unknown tubulin carboxypeptidase. Importantly, the Ca2+ dependency of calpains could allow a fine regulation of MT detyrosination. Thus, identifying the calpain-regulated pathway of MT detyrosination can be of major importance for basic and clinical research.
Machine learning techniques for predicting depression and anxiety in pregnant and postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional regional study
Authors: Qasrawi Radwan , Amro Malak , VicunaPolo Stephanny , Abu Al-Halawa Diala , Agha Hazem , Abu Seir Rania , Hoteit Maha , Hoteit Reem , Allehdan Sabika , Behzad Nouf , Bookari Khlood , AlKhalaf Majid , Al-Sabbah Haleama , Badran Eman , Tayyem Reema 
Published: April 2022

Background: Maternal depression and anxiety are significant public health concerns that play an important role in the health and well-being of mothers and children. The COVID-19 pandemic, the consequential lockdowns and related safety restrictions worldwide negatively affected the mental health of pregnant and postpartum women. Methods: This regional study aimed to develop a machine learning (ML) model for the prediction of maternal depression and anxiety. The study used a dataset collected from five Arab countries during the COVID-19 pandemic between July to December 2020. The population sample included 3569 women (1939 pregnant and 1630 postpartum) from five countries (Jordan, Palestine, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, and Bahrain). The performance of seven machine learning algorithms was assessed for the prediction of depression and anxiety symptoms. Results: The Gradient Boosting (GB) and Random Forest (RF) models outperformed other studied ML algorithms with accuracy values of 83.3% and 83.2% for depression, respectively, and values of 82.9% and 81.3% for anxiety, respectively. The Mathew’s Correlation Coefficient was evaluated for the ML models; the Naïve Bayes (NB) and GB models presented the highest performance measures (0.63 and 0.59) for depression and (0.74 and 0.73) for anxiety, respectively. The features’ importance ranking was evaluated, the results showed that stress during pregnancy, family support, financial issues, income, and social support were the most significant values in predicting anxiety and depression. Conclusion: Overall, the study evidenced the power of ML models in predicting maternal depression and anxiety and proved to be an efficient tool for identifying and predicting the associated risk factors that influence maternal mental health. The deployment of machine learning models for screening and early detection of depression and anxiety among pregnant and postpartum women might facilitate the development of health prevention and intervention programs that will enhance maternal and child health in low- and middle-income countries.
Motivating Innovation: Tunnels vs. Funnels
Authors: Klingebiel Ronald 
Published: April 2022

The tentative pursuit of parallel projects in an innovation funnel helps firms improve selection under uncertainty. Yet a risk of premature project termination may make employees more hesitant to innovate. Rewards to innovation, if at risk, become less attractive. My laboratory experiment indeed shows that employees who believe they have low task efficacy and, thus, face a high risk of termination often forego innovation. But funnels also attract: employees with high efficacy beliefs choose innovation more often although they, too, face an additional, albeit smaller, termination risk. Their innovation choices reveal a preference for allocation regimes that are more likely to spot and reward the ultimately most deserving innovators. Such meritocracy increases alongside project-selection accuracy. The uncertainty of innovation, thus, proves a rare context in which employees view a lack of organizational commitment positively. The meritorious self-sorting I document has implications for motivating risk-taking and organizing innovation within firms. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/stsc.2022.0156 .
Wear Resistance and Hardness Assessment of Five US Hardwoods for Bridge Decking and Truck Flooring*
Authors: Khademibami Laya , Shmulsky Rubin , Snow Dusty , Sherrington Alan , Montague Iris , Ross Robert J. , Wang Xiping 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The wear resistance and Janka hardness of five United States hardwood species were evaluated for potential use in bridge decking and truck flooring. The species tested include ash (Fraxinus sp.), hickory (Carya sp.), red oak (Quercus sp.), sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua), and white oak (Quercus sp.). The specimens were prepared with the sizes of 1 by 2 by 4 inches (2.54 by 5.08 by 10.16cm) for abrasion test and 1 by 2 by 6 inches (2.54 by 5.08 by 15.24 cm) for Janka hardness testing. The specimens were cut from 30 individual parent boards of random width with clear sections for each species. The abrasion and Janka hardness tests were performed according to the American Society of Testing and Materials standards. All wear and hardness data were statistically analyzed by 1-way analysis of variance. The results of this study demonstrated that sweetgum with the lowest density had the greatest amount of thicknesses loss and thus lowest wear resistance. White oak was found to have the least thicknesses loss, thus highest wear resistance among the hardwood species tested. Hickory, with the highest density, had the highest hardness among the hardwood species tested, but it had relatively lower wear resistance comparing to ash, red oak, and white oak.
Convex fiber-tapered seven core fiber-convex fiber (CTC) structure-based biosensor for creatinine detection in aquaculture
Authors: Li Muyang , Singh Ragini , Soares Maria Simone , Marques Carlos , Zhang Bingyuan , Kumar Santosh 
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this article is to propose an optical fiber sensor probe based on the localized surface plasma resonance (LSPR) technique for the detection of creatinine in aquaculture. The sensing probe is functionalized through the use of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), niobium carbide (Nb2CTx) MXene, and creatinase (CA) enzyme. The intrinsic total internal reflection (TIR) mechanism is modified to increase the evanescent field intensity using a heterogeneous core mismatch and tapering probe structure (i.e., convex fiber-tapered seven core fiber-convex fiber (CTC) structure). Strong evanescent fields can stimulate AuNPs and induce the LSPR effect, thereby increasing probe sensitivity. The specific recognition is enhanced by Nb2CTx MXene adsorbing more active CA enzymes. The developed sensor probe has a sensitivity and limit of detection of 3.1 pm/µM and 86.12 µM, respectively, in the linear range of 0-2000 µM. Additionally, the sensor probe's reusability, reproducibility, stability, and selectivity were evaluated, with satisfactory results obtained with impact for areas like food protein, marine life and healthcare.