bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency of Goiter in Hospitalized Patients of District Headquarters Hospital, Timergara
Authors: Ullah Wahid , Haq Fazal , Ahmad Zeeshan , Ahmad Syed ishtiaq 
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of goiter among the population of Timergara, Lower Dir.
METHODOLOGY
A retrospective study was carried out at the district headquarters hospital Timergara hospital of district lower dir. The study duration was one year from January 2018 to December 2018. The data were collected from 205 patients in the district headquarters hospital Timergara district lower dir. the clinical data of patients were collected through proforma. It was approved by the research committee of the Department of the surgical, institute of paramedical sciences, Khyber medical university Peshawar Duranpur Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Percentage and frequencies have been used to determine the frequency of goiter at district lower dir. SPSS version 22 was used for data analysis.
RESULTS
This study shows that goiter is most frequently occurring in females as compared to males. out of 205 patients with goiter 58 patients were male and 147 were female. Female frequency was higher than male. Secondly, it was observed that goiter is more frequent in people aged 35 -44. i.e., out of 205 patients, 37.1% were in this age group. patients having goiter were mostly from hilly areas (61.5%). It was also observed in this study large number of patients were having visible goiter of grade two.
CONCLUSION
It was concluded that goiter most of the females and older population are suffering from the goiter.
Hematological Changes in Stored Citrate Phosphate Dextrose Adenine Bag Blood
Authors: Karim Abdul , Waqas Muhammad 
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVES:
This study aims to find the efficacy of stored whole blood for a period of 49 days and to delineate the changes that occur in Haemoglobin (HB), Red Blood Cell (RBC) and White Blood Cell (WBC) indices and Platelet count.
METHODOLOGY:
The study was carried out at District Headquarter (DHQ) Hospital, District Hangu in collaboration with the blood bank unit. 450 ml of blood was drawn from 10 healthy volunteer donors into an anticoagulant blood bag (CPDA-1) (63 mL). Blood bags were carefully stored in a quarantine shelf of the blood bank at 02-08°C. Samples were collected and tested for various haematological parameters (haemoglobin, RBC count, WBC count, haematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, platelets count) at days 01 and 49 respectively on (ADVIA 360 haematology analyser).
RESULTS:
Statistically significant changes were observed in WBC count, Lymphocyte count and platelets count and gradual changes in mean corpuscular volume. While statistically non-significant changes were observed in other parameters (RBC, haemoglobin, haematocrit, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration).

CONCLUSION:

Haemolysis of the red cells that occurs during component processing and storage of red cell units has serious clinical implications for the blood recipient patients. Detecting excessive haemolysis important to minimize transfusion of bacterially contaminated blood units. Rapid degeneration of leukocytes could lead to immunomodulation related to blood transfusion. Whole blood should be leuko-depleted before storage if it must be used beyond one week.
Changes in Hemodynamic Reading in Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Section
Authors: Khan Shakir Ullah 
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVES:
To compare the pre and post induction blood pressure and heart rate readings in spinal anesthesia during Cesarean section.
METHODOLOGY:
This was a cross sectional study conducted in Capital Development Authority Hospital, Islamabad. 100 patients were included in this study. Data was collected through structured Performa. Convenient sampling method was used for the selection of participants. Informed consent was taken from the patients and the concerns doctors to collect the data. The ethical approval was taken from the ethical committee of the Capital Development Authority Hospital, Islamabad.
RESULTS:
Total was 100 cases selected in which the patients had surgery history, 32 patients had no surgery history. There was difference in the blood pressure and heart rate readings of the pre and post induction of the spinal anesthesia during cesarean of the patients.
CONCLUSION:
It was concluded that spinal Spinal anesthesia is commonly used for elective cesarean delivery.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Pop-Up Book Terhadap Peningkatan Minat Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Hamidah Allinda , Nisa’ Muthoharotun 
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the use of Pop-Up Book learning media on the learning interest of fourth-grade students at Primary School. This research method uses the Quantitative Pre-Experiment method with the One Group pretest and post-test design model. Which uses treatment and measurement of 1 class with a quantitative approach. The sample in this study was class IV which amounted to 19 students. The instrument in this study was observed to see student activities, questionnaires, and documentation. The analysis technique used is descriptive statistical analysis technique and inferential statistical analysis. Based on the results of the pretest and post-test data analysis, the results of the pretest calculation are included in the sufficient category with a value of 59% in the value range of 40% ≤ KP ≤ 60%. And for posttest calculations, the result of the calculation is at the value range of 80% ≤ KP ≤ 100% with an average value of 83% included in the very good category. Based on the results of observations obtained the overall percentage is 94% which is included in the very good category. In addition, this research is also proven by using the normality test with the help of SPSS, and the results of the significance value 0,200 > 0,05, it can be concluded that the residual value is normally distributed. The results of the hypothesis test using the paired sample T-test with the help of SPSS with the provisions of Sig < α is 0,000 < 0,05 and t_count > t-table is 11,649 > 2,101 showed that there was a significant average difference between the pretest and posttest learning outcomes. Thus it can be said that H1 was received and H0 rejected, with this there is an effect of using Pop-Up Book media on increasing student interest in learning.
Mass Production of 2021 KMTNet Microlensing Planets. III. Analysis of Three Giant Planets
Authors: Shin In-Gu , Yee Jennifer C. , Gould Andrew , Hwang Kyu-Ha , Yang Hongjing , Bond Ian A. ,   (Leading Authors), Albrow Michael D. , Chung Sun-Ju , Han Cheongho , Jung Youn Kil , Ryu Yoon-Hyun , Shvartzvald Yossi , Zang Weicheng , Cha Sang-Mok , Kim Dong-Jin , Kim Seung-Lee , Lee Chung-Uk , Lee Dong-Joo , Lee Yongseok , Park Byeong-Gon , Pogge Richard W. ,   (The KMTNet Collaboration), Abe Fumio , Barry Richard , Bennett David P. , Bhattacharya Aparna , Fujii Hirosane , Fukui Akihiko , Hirao Yuki , Silva Stela Ishitani , Itow Yoshitaka , Kirikawa Rintaro , Kondo Iona , Koshimoto Naoki , Matsubara Yutaka , Matsumoto Sho , Miyazaki Shota , Muraki Yasushi , Okamura Arisa , Olmschenk Greg , Ranc Clément , Rattenbury Nicholas J. , Satoh Yuki , Sumi Takahiro , Suzuki Daisuke , Toda Taiga , Tristram Paul . J. , Vandorou Aikaterini , Yama Hibiki ,   (The MOA Collaboration)
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We present the analysis of three more planets from the KMTNet 2021 microlensing season. KMT-2021-BLG-0119Lb is a ∼6M
Jup planet orbiting an early M dwarf or a K dwarf, KMT-2021-BLG-0192Lb is a ∼2M
Nep planet orbiting an M dwarf, and KMT-2021-BLG-2294Lb is a ∼1.25M
Nep planet orbiting a very-low-mass M dwarf or a brown dwarf. These by-eye planet detections provide an important comparison sample to the sample selected with the AnomalyFinder algorithm, and in particular, KMT-2021-BLG-2294 is a case of a planet detected by eye but not by algorithm. KMT-2021-BLG-2294Lb is part of a population of microlensing planets around very-low-mass host stars that spans the full range of planet masses, in contrast to the planet population at ≲0.1 au, which shows a strong preference for small planets.
Unifying High- and Low-resolution Observations to Constrain the Dayside Atmosphere of KELT-20b/MASCARA-2b
Authors: Kasper David , Bean Jacob L. , Line Michael R. , Seifahrt Andreas , Brady Madison T. , Lothringer Joshua , Pino Lorenzo , Fu Guangwei , Pelletier Stefan , Stürmer Julian , Benneke Björn , Brogi Matteo , Désert Jean-Michel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We present high-resolution dayside thermal emission observations of the exoplanet KELT-20b/MASCARA-2b using the MAROON-X spectrograph. Applying the cross-correlation method with both empirical and theoretical masks and a retrieval analysis, we confirm previous detections of Fe i emission lines and we detect Ni i for the first time in the planet (at 4.7σ confidence). We do not see evidence for additional species in the MAROON-X data, including notably predicted thermal inversion agents TiO and VO, their atomic constituents Ti i and V i, and previously claimed species Fe ii and Cr i. We also perform a joint retrieval with existing Hubble Space Telescope/WFC3 spectroscopy and Spitzer/IRAC photometry. This allows us to place bounded constraints on the abundances of Fe i, H2O, and CO, and to place a stringent upper limit on the TiO abundance. The results are consistent with KELT-20b having a solar to slightly supersolar composition atmosphere in terms of the bulk metal enrichment, and the carbon-to-oxygen and iron-to-oxygen ratios. However, the TiO volume mixing ratio upper limit (10−7.6 at 99% confidence) is inconsistent with this picture, which, along with the nondetection of Ti i, points to sequestration of Ti species, possibly due to nightside condensation. The lack of TiO but the presence of a large H2O emission feature in the WFC3 data is challenging to reconcile within the context of 1D self-consistent, radiative-convective models.
Alpha Particle Temperature Anisotropy in Earth’s Magnetosheath
Authors: DeWeese Haley , Maruca Bennett A. , Qudsi Ramiz A. , Chasapis Alexandros , Pultrone Mark , Johnson Elliot , Vines Sarah K. , Shay Michael A. , Matthaeus William H. , Gomez Roman G. , Fuselier Stephen A. , Giles Barbara L. , Gershman Daniel J. , Russell Christopher T. , Strangeway Robert J. , Burch James L. , Torbert Roy B. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In magnetized plasmas, temperature anisotropy manifests as distinct temperatures (T
⊥j
, T
∥j
). Numerous prior studies have demonstrated that as plasma beta (β
∥j
) increases, the range of temperature anisotropy (R

j
= T
⊥j
/T
∥j
) narrows. This limiting effect is conventionally taken as evidence that kinetic microinstabilities are active in the plasma, and has been previously observed for protons in the magnetosheath. This study is the first to use data from the Magnetic Multiscale Mission to investigate these instability-driven limits on alpha particle (ionized helium) anisotropy in Earth’s magnetosheath. The distribution of data over the (β
∥j
, R

j
) plane was plotted and shows the characteristic narrowing in the range of R

j

-values as β
∥j
increases. The contours of the data distribution align well with the contours of the constant growth rate for the ion cyclotron, mirror, parallel firehose, and oblique firehose instabilities, which were calculated using linear Vlasov theory.
Mangrove: Learning Galaxy Properties from Merger Trees
Authors: Jespersen Christian Kragh , Cranmer Miles , Melchior Peter , Ho Shirley , Somerville Rachel S. , Gabrielpillai Austen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Efficiently mapping baryonic properties onto dark matter is a major challenge in astrophysics. Although semianalytic models (SAMs) and hydrodynamical simulations have made impressive advances in reproducing galaxy observables across cosmologically significant volumes, these methods still require significant computation times, representing a barrier to many applications. Graph neural networks have recently proven to be the natural choice for learning physical relations. Among the most inherently graph-like structures found in astrophysics are the dark matter merger trees that encode the evolution of dark matter halos. In this paper, we introduce a new, graph-based emulator framework, Mangrove, and show that it emulates the galactic stellar mass, cold gas mass and metallicity, instantaneous and time-averaged star formation rate, and black hole mass—as predicted by an SAM—with an rms error up to 2 times lower than other methods across a (75 Mpc/h)3 simulation box in 40 s, 4 orders of magnitude faster than the SAM. We show that Mangrove allows for quantification of the dependence of galaxy properties on merger history. We compare our results to the current state of the art in the field and show significant improvements for all target properties. Mangrove is publicly available: https://github.com/astrockragh/Mangrove.
First Detection of the Molecular Cloud Population in the Extended Ultraviolet Disk of M83
Authors: Koda Jin , Watson Linda , Combes Françoise , Rubio Monica , Boissier Samuel , Yagi Masafumi , Thilker David , Lee Amanda M , Komiyama Yutaka , Morokuma-Matsui Kana , Verdugo Celia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We report a CO(J = 3−2) detection of 23 molecular clouds in the extended ultraviolet (XUV) disk of the spiral galaxy M83 with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. The observed 1 kpc2 region is at about 1.24 times the optical radius (R
25) of the disk, where CO(J = 2–1) was previously not detected. The detection and nondetection, as well as the level of star formation (SF) activity in the region, can be explained consistently if the clouds have the mass distribution common among Galactic clouds, such as Orion A—with star-forming dense clumps embedded in thick layers of bulk molecular gas, but in a low-metallicity regime where their outer layers are CO-deficient and CO-dark. The cloud and clump masses, estimated from CO(3−2), range from 8.2 × 102 to 2.3 × 104
M
⊙ and from 2.7 × 102 to 7.5 × 103
M
⊙, respectively. The most massive clouds appear similar to Orion A in star formation activity as well as in mass, as expected if the cloud mass structure is common. The overall low SF activity in the XUV disk could be due to the relative shortage of gas in the molecular phase. The clouds are distributed like chains up to 600 pc (or longer) in length, suggesting that the trigger of cloud formation is on large scales. The common cloud mass structure also justifies the use of high-J CO transitions to trace the total gas mass of clouds, or galaxies, even in the high-z universe. This study is the first demonstration that CO(3−2) is an efficient tracer of molecular clouds even in low-metallicity environments.
ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey: Hubble Space Telescope and Spitzer Photometry of 33 Lensed Fields Built with CHArGE
Authors: Kokorev V. , Brammer G. , Fujimoto S. , Kohno K. , Magdis G. E. , Valentino F. , Toft S. , Oesch P. , Davidzon I. , Bauer F. E. , Coe D. , Egami E. , Oguri M. , Ouchi M. , Postman M. , Richard J. , Jolly J.-B. , Knudsen K. K. , Sun F. , Weaver J. R. , Ao Y. , Baker A. J. , Bradley L. , Caputi K. I. , Dessauges-Zavadsky M. , Espada D. , Hatsukade B. , Koekemoer A. M. , Muñoz Arancibia A. M. , Shimasaku K. , Umehata H. , Wang T. , Wang W.-H. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We present a set of multiwavelength mosaics and photometric catalogs in the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) lensing cluster survey fields. The catalogs were built by the reprocessing of archival data from the Complete Hubble Archive for Galaxy Evolution compilation, taken by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in the Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey, Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble, and Hubble Frontier Fields. Additionally, we have reconstructed the Spitzer Infrared Array Camera 3.6 and 4.5 μm mosaics, by utilizing all the available archival IPAC Infrared Science Archive/Spitzer Heritage Archive exposures. To alleviate the effect of blending in such a crowded region, we have modeled the Spitzer photometry by convolving the HST detection image with the Spitzer point-spread function using the novel golfir software. The final catalogs contain 218,000 sources, covering a combined area of 690 arcmin2, a factor of ∼2 improvement over the currently existing photometry. A large number of detected sources is a result of reprocessing of all available and sometimes deeper exposures, in conjunction with a combined optical–near-IR detection strategy. These data will serve as an important tool in aiding the search of the submillimeter galaxies in future ALMA surveys, as well as follow-ups of the HST dark and high-z sources with JWST. Coupled with the available HST photometry, the addition of the 3.6 and 4.5 μm bands will allow us to place a better constraint on the photometric redshifts and stellar masses of these objects, thus giving us an opportunity to identify high-redshift candidates for spectroscopic follow-ups and to answer the important questions regarding the Epoch of Reionization and formation of the first galaxies. The mosaics, photometric catalogs, and the best-fit physical properties are publicly available at https://github.com/dawn-cph/alcs-clusters.
Updated Photon Scattering Coefficients (g_values) for Mercury’s Exospheric Species
Authors: Killen Rosemary M. , Vervack Jr. Ronald J. , Burger Matthew H. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In an optically thin exosphere such as those of Mercury and the Moon, the optically stimulated emissions are directly proportional to the stimulating solar flux. An important quantity in relating measured emission to column abundance in remote-sensing observations is the g_value. The g_value is proportional to the f-value of the emission line and to the solar flux at the emission frequency. The solar flux varies inversely with the heliocentric distance from the Sun, but also with the heliocentric relative velocity of the emitting atom. The heliocentric relative velocity of the planet Mercury varies by ±10 km s−1, however, the atoms may additionally have high velocities relative to the planet owing to high-energy processes or through acceleration caused by radiation pressure. In this paper we extend g_values to heliocentric relative velocities ±50 km s−1. In addition to 12 species for which g_values have been published previously, we have computed g_values for two additional species, Mn and Al, that were discovered in Mercury’s exosphere in the course of the MESSENGER mission. We have not included updated g_values for C or OH, as these were not observed by MESSENGER. In this work, we employ the TSIS-1 hybrid reference solar spectrum for most calculations, with the SOLSTICE data being used in the EUV/far-UV. We note that the method employed here could be extended for application at extrasolar planets and comets, with the solar spectrum substituted by an appropriate stellar spectrum.
L’influence du profil du dirigeant-propriétaire sur les pratiques RH au sein des PME marocaines : Enseignements de deux études de cas
Authors: Hejaji Insaf , Cherkaoui Adil 
Published: December 2022

De nos jours, nul ne doute de la place prépondérante jouée par le dirigeant-propriétaire des petites et moyennes entreprises (PME), considéré comme le chef d’orchestre au sein de son entreprise, son profil influence de près le mode de sa gestion et la façon par laquelle la PME gère ses collaborateurs. L’objectif de cet article est d’explorer l’influence du profil du dirigeant-propriétaire sur les pratiques RH des PME marocaines sur la base des deux études de cas à visée compréhensive. Cette réflexion est menée dans un cadre théorique mêlant deux approches complémentaires, à savoir : l’approche par les traits et l’approche comportementale.
Le développement moral et l’éthique des contribuables dans un contexte de corruption
Authors: Abaté André Modeste 
Published: December 2022

Cet article examine la prise de décision des contribuables face à un dilemme éthique. Le dilemme objet de l’étude est la pression de la corruption des fonctionnaires du fisc. A partir du modèle de développement moral de Kohlberg et sur la base d’un échantillon de 150 entrepreneurs des PME de la ville de Douala au Cameroun, nous avons étudié le raisonnement in vitro (raisonnement cognitif) et le raisonnement in vivo (comportement réel) des entrepreneurs. Les résultats concluent que les entrepreneurs ont une faible performance éthique et que cette contreperformance est renforcée par la corruption. En plus, ils montrent qu’un entrepreneur avec une morale fiscale plus élevée, cédera moins à la corruption des fonctionnaires. Enfin, ils révèlent que l’impact de la corruption sur le comportement éthique se fait à travers trois effets négatifs : un d’effet distorsif, un effet de « contagion sociale » et un effet d’éviction.
Das v. George Weston Ltd. La fausse consécration de l’irresponsabilité sociale des entreprises au Canada
Authors: Tchotourian Ivan , Houle Audrey 
Published: December 2022

Une intéressante affaire canadienne (Das v. George Weston Limited) dont l’issue a eu lieu en 2017, a opposé l’entreprise Loblaws, fabriquant des vêtements Joe Fresh, aux victimes du Rana Plaza. Alors que Loblaws avait adopté un code de conduite concernant la qualité du milieu de travail des salariés de sa chaîne d’approvisionnement, les juges ont refusé de retenir la responsabilité de Loblaws vis-à-vis des salariés du Rana Plaza qu’elle sous-traitait dans des conditions contestables. Cette décision pose la question de la portée juridique des codes de conduite et, surtout, de la réalité de la RSE. Si cet arrêt ontarien témoigne d’une RSE « molle » (soft) sur le plan juridique, il serait faux de résumer la position du droit canadien à cette seule décision. Le Canada est loin d’une irresponsabilité sociale des entreprises et apporte à la RSE de plus en plus de dureté (hard). Une étude attentive du paysage normatif démontre que le Canada est dans une position schizophrénique puisqu’il construit progressivement un authentique « droit de la RSE » qui fait de plus en plus de place aux instruments de hard law mais montre une résistance à donner aux codes de conduite une force normative contraignante.
Quand l’égalité n’est pas optimale : le cas de la répartition des espaces verts urbains
Authors: Tran Thi Thu Huyen 
Published: December 2022

Cet article étudie l’allocation optimale des espaces verts urbains. Nous analysons deux types de paramètres de modèle pour étudier le niveau global de l’offre d’espaces verts, ainsi que leurs tailles et leurs distances entre les différents quartiers et les distances par rapport au centre-ville. Nous avons constaté que l’égalité des tailles, des distances et de la distribution globale des espaces verts n’est pas optimale dans les villes monocentriques. Précisément, le niveau des espaces verts urbains et leur nombre à l’optimum suivent une fonction non monotone de la distance au centre-ville. Nous confirmons également nos prédictions théoriques en utilisant la base de données géographiques très détaillée de l’Atlas urbain de l’Agence européenne pour l’environnement, qui décrit l’utilisation des sols de 305 villes européennes de plus de 100 000 habitants.