bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological predictors of health anxiety and pain in ambulatory presentations in a hospital emergency department
Authors: Parker Hannah , Carlton Edward , Harris Sophie , Daniels Jo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground:Health anxiety in attendees of out-patient medical clinics is well established; however, there has been a lack of research into health anxiety within emergency settings.Aims:This study explored the prevalence of health anxiety in ambulatory presentations in a tertiary emergency department (ED) as well as the factors associated with pain and health anxiety in this setting.Method:A cross-sectional questionnaire design was used to gather data from adult ED ambulatory attendees across a 4-day sampling period to assess psychological and physical health variables. Number of attendances to ED over the previous 12 months was accessed through healthcare records.Results:Of the final sample (n = 106), 77% were white British, 54% were male, and 14% presented with severe health anxiety as measured by the Short Health Anxiety Inventory (≥18). Participants with pre-existing health conditions had significantly higher levels of health anxiety (M = 12.36, SE = 1.59) compared with those without (M = 7.79, SE = 0.66). Stepwise multiple regression analyses identified anxiety sensitivity and pain catastrophizing as significant independent predictors of health anxiety, explaining 51% of the variance in health anxiety. Pain catastrophizing was also a significant independent predictor of pain level, accounting for 20% of the variance.Conclusion:This study provides insight into the prevalence of health anxiety in ED ambulatory presentations and key psychological predictors of health anxiety and pain. This has implications for treatment in an ED setting whereby patients may benefit from referral to medical psychology or mental health services.
A New History of Refugee Protection in Post-World War Two Southeast Asia: Lessons from the Global South
Authors: YACOUB Natasha Emma 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article proposes re-thinking the history of refugee protection in the Southeast Asia region, focusing on the post-World War Two period (1945–1979). It fills a gap in the literature on this period, drawing on archival material. It disrupts a narrative of “human rights exceptionalism” in Southeast Asia. First, it examines the small but powerful role of Southeast Asian states during the drafting of the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees. These states challenged colonial powers and asserted human rights. Second, it considers the role of key refugee-hosting states in Southeast Asia in developing—with other post-colonial states—regional standards to protect refugees under the auspices of the Asian-African Legal Consultative Committee, the Aliens Principles of 1961 and Bangkok Principles of 1966. Third, it places international and regional action in the domestic context by drawing on the example of Thailand's protection of Vietnamese refugees. It concludes that the approach in the post-WWII years points to an extended history of protecting refugees in Southeast Asia, and valuable lessons from the Global South for the region and beyond.
The use of vitamin D for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Matias Júlia Novaes , Lima Vinícius Marinho , Nutels Giovanna Soares , Laurindo Lucas Fornari , Barbalho Sandra Maria , de Alvares Goulart Ricardo , Araújo Adriano Cressoni , Suzuki Rodrigo Buzinaro , Guiguer Elen Landgraf 
Published: August 2022

Abstract: As vitamin D (VD) plays an essential role in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), this systematic review aimed to update the participation of this vitamin in the prevention or remission of these diseases. This review has included studies in MEDLINE–PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases. The authors have followed PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis) guidelines. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, twenty-two randomized clinical trials were selected. In total, 1,209 patients were included in this systematic review: 1034 received only VD and 175 received VD in combination with calcium. The average doses of VD supplementation were from oral 400 IU daily to 10,000 IU per kilogram of body weight. Single injection of 300,000 IU of VD was also used. Several studies have shown the crucial role that VD plays in the therapeutic approach of IBD due to its effects on the immune system. It effectively decreased inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IFN-γ (p<0.05) and provided a reduction in disease activity assessed through different scores such as Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI) (p<0.05) and Ulcerative Colitis Disease Activity Index (UCDAI) (p<0.05). Unfortunately, the available clinical trials are not standardized for of doses and routes of administration. Existing meta-analyses are biased because they compare studies using different doses or treatments in combination with different drugs or supplements such as calcium. Even though VD has crucial effects on inflammatory processes, there is still a need for standardized studies to establish how the supplementation should be performed and the doses to be administered.
Spatial Extent of Mid‐To Late‐Holocene Sedimentary Record of Tsunamis Along the Southern Kuril Trench, Hokkaido, Japan
Authors: Nakanishi Ryo , Ashi Juichiro , Miyairi Yosuke , Yokoyama Yusuke 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWith their complex cycles and rupture modes, infrequent megathrust earthquakes require a high‐resolution spatiotemporal record of tsunami inundations over thousands of years to provide more accurate long‐term forecasts. The geological record suggests that Mw > 8 earthquakes in the Kuril Trench occurred at intervals of several hundred years. However, uncertainties remain regarding the rupture zone, owing to the limited survey areas and chronological data. Therefore, we investigated the tsunami deposits in a coastal wetland of southeastern Hokkaido, Japan, to characterize the tsunamis that originated from the Kuril Trench over the last 4,000 years. On the Erimo coast, more than seven sand layers exhibited common features of tsunami deposits, such as sheet distributions of several hundred meters, normal grading structures, and sharp basal contacts. According to numerical tsunami simulations, the 17th‐century sand layer could be reproduced using a multiple rupture zone model (Mw ∼ 8.8). We used high‐resolution radiocarbon dating and tephras to correlate the tsunami deposits from the last 4,000 years with those reported from regions ∼100 km away. The tsunami history revealed here shows good agreement with the histories of adjacent regions. However, the paleotsunamis reported to have occurred in regions >200 km away include events that differ from those in this study, suggesting a diversity of Mw > 8 earthquakes in the Kuril Trench. We clarified the history and extents of earthquake‐generated tsunamis along the southwestern end of the Kuril Trench, which were previously unknown. Our results provide a framework for magnitude estimations and long‐term forecasts of earthquakes.
Convergence Effects on the Ionosphere During and After the Annular Solar Eclipse on 21 June 2020
Authors: Wang Jin , Sun Yang‐Yi , Yu Tao , Wang Yungang , Mao Tian , Yang Heng , Xia Chunliang , Yan XiangXiang , Yang Na , Huang Guangliang , Yifan qi  
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this study, we analyze the observations of the ionosondes at Wuhan (30.4°N, 114.4°E, 82.4% obscuration), Xiamen (24.2°N, 118.07°E, 97.8% obscuration), and Nanning (22.7°N, 109.25°E, 81.1% obscuration), as well as the total electron content (TEC) from the global ionosphere maps (GIMs) to examine the ionospheric behaviors in the F‐region on 21 June 2020 solar eclipse day. The observations show that a TEC enhancement occurred after the major depression near the center path of the solar eclipse, and it lasts to midnight on the solar eclipse day. Notes that the occurrence of the TEC enhancement is accompanied by the prominent TEC depletion in the southern side of the center path in the nighttime. The independent in situ electron density (Ne) observation from the Swarm‐B satellite and the calibrated TEC profile from the radio occultation technique onboard the FORMOSAT‐7/Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate‐2 satellites also observed the long‐lasting enhancement in the F2 region near midnight. The solar eclipse‐induced convergence effects can result in the long‐lasting ionospheric perturbations, which may further cause the spread‐F in the nighttime.
First Results of the Wave Measurements by the WHU VLF Wave Detection System at the Chinese Great Wall Station in Antarctica
Authors: Gu Xudong , Wang Qingshan , Ni Binbin , Xu Wei , Wang Shiwei , Yi Juan , Hu Ze‐Jun , Li Bin , He Fang , Chen Xiang‐Cai , Hu Hong‐Qiao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA Very Low Frequency (VLF) wave detection system has been designed at Wuhan University (WHU) and recently deployed by the Polar Research Institute of China at the Chinese Great Wall station (GWS, 62.22°S, 58.96°W) in Antarctica. With a dynamic range of ∼110 dB and timing accuracy of ∼100 ns, this detection system can provide observational data with a resolution that can facilitate space physics and space weather studies. This paper presents the first results of the wave measurements by the WHU VLF wave detection system at GWS to verify the performance of the system. With the routine operation for 3 months, the system can acquire the dynamic changes of the wave amplitudes and phases of various ground‐based VLF transmitter signals emitted in both North America and Europe. A preliminary analysis indicates that the properties of the VLF transmitter signals observed at GWS during the X‐class solar flare events are consistent with previous studies. As the HWU‐GWS path crosses the South Atlantic Anomaly region, the observations also imply a good connection in space and time between the VLF wave disturbances and the lower ionosphere variation potentially caused by magnetospheric electron precipitation during the geomagnetic storm period. It is therefore well expected that the acquisition of VLF wave data at GWS, in combination with datasets from other instruments, can be beneficial for space weather studies related to the radiation belt dynamics, terrestrial lightning discharge, whistler wave propagation, and the lower ionosphere disturbance, etc., in the polar region.
Nightside Auroral Electrons at Mars: Upstream Drivers and Ionospheric Impact
Authors: Xu Shaosui , Mitchell David L. , McFadden James P. , Fowler Christopher M. , Hanley Kathleen , Weber Tristan , Brain David A. , DiBraccio Gina A. , Liemohn Michael W. , Lillis Robert J. , Halekas Jasper S. , Ruhunusiri Suranga , Andersson Laila , Mazelle Christian , Curry Shannon M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDiscrete aurorae have been observed at Mars by multiple spacecraft, including Mars Express, Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN), and most recently the United Arab Emirates Hope spacecraft. Meanwhile, there have been studies on the source particles responsible for producing these detectable aurorae (termed “auroral electrons”). By utilizing empirical criteria to select auroral electrons established by Xu et al. (2022, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL097757), we conduct statistical analyses of the impact of upstream drivers on the occurrence rate and fluxes of auroral electrons. We find the occurrence rate increases with upstream dynamic pressure and weakly depends on the interplanetary magnetic field strength. Meanwhile, the integrated auroral electron flux somewhat decreases with increasing upstream drivers. Auroral electron precipitation also occurs more frequently and is more intense over regions of strong crustal fields compared to weak crustal fields. Aside from emissions, auroral electrons are expected to cause significant impact ionization and enhance the plasma density locally. In this study, we also quantify the nightside ionospheric impact of auroral electron precipitation, specifically the thermal ion (O+, , and ) density enhancement, with MAVEN observations. Our results show that the ion density is increased by up to an order of magnitude at low altitudes. The crustal effects on ion density profiles for nominal electron and auroral electron precipitation are also discussed.
The Hydrologic Response to a Meteotsunami in an Isolated Wetland: Beaver Island in Lake Michigan, USA
Authors: Robertson Wendy M. , Kluver Daria B. , Allen John T. , Anderson Eric J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMeteotsunamis are both a well‐known and poorly understood phenomenon. In particular, the influence of and disturbance by meteotsunamis on isolated coastal wetlands is largely unknown. This paper documents a case illustrating how water levels in an incipient foredune/swale complex in northern Lake Michigan responded to a meteotsunami event. We identified potential meteotsunami influence on wetland water levels through slope‐break and wavelet analysis, verified the presence of meteotsunami waves at surrounding lake water level gauge stations with wavelet analysis, analyzed both regional and small‐scale meteorological data to establish what source of atmospheric forcing resulted in meteotsunami formation, and used a hydrodynamic model to simulate lake surface response and meteotsunami generation. On 20 July 2019, an atmospheric bore wave propagating away from a convective storm formed a meteotsunami event in Lake Michigan that struck Sand Bay, Beaver Island and generated a 36 cm increase in subsurface wetland water levels over the course of a 1‐hr period. The potential for multiple sources of meteorological forcing and secondary wave refraction highlights several challenges with predicting generation of and effects from meteotsunami events. Additionally, while irregular, the effects of these events on isolated wetland systems have the potential to alter hydrologic and sediment budgets, vegetation growth, and dune stability; yet meteotsunami influence on isolated wetlands is an understudied phenomenon. The event presented in this study make a strong case for focused research on coastal wetland response to meteotsunamis (and meteotsunami‐like events) to address this understudied impact given its implications for coastal processes and resiliency.
Spatiotemporal Variability of the Southern Second Mode and Its Influence on June Precipitation in Southern China
Authors: Huang Sijing , Qin Jun , Li Shuanglin , Yuan Zhengxuan , Mbululo Yassin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBased on the Empirical Orthogonal Functions decomposition of the Sea level pressure (SLP) anomalies over the southern extratropic, the second pattern is defined as a southern second mode (SMD2), and its corresponding principal component is named the southern second mode index. The most significant feature of SMD2 is the seesaw pattern of SLP, which indicates the opposite phase of the Amundsen Low and surroundings. The spatial mode of EOF2 varies in different months but EOF2 in March is most similar to SMD2. This study shows that the March SMD2 is negatively associated with the June precipitation in southern China. The mechanisms can be briefly summarized as follows: The March SMD2 is negatively correlated with sea surface temperature (SST) in the midlatitude. Surface wind changes can affect surface heat flux and heat transport, leading to the SST changes. The SST anomaly acts as the “oceanic bridge” to preserve the March SMD2 signal and persists into late summer. The key area of SST is associated with Maritime Continent convective activity anomalies, which can excite and maintain the Pacific‐Japan pattern resulting in precipitation anomalies in south China. Through sea‐air interactions, the SMD2 can affect the precipitation in southern China across seasons. This work is expected to provide a new perspective for forecasting summer precipitation in southern China.
High Flux of Small Sulfate Aerosols During the 1970s Reconstructed From the SE‐Dome Ice Core in Greenland
Authors: Iizuka Y. , Uemura R. , Matsui H. , Oshima N. , Kawakami K. , Hattori S. , Ohno H. , Matoba S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAerosols significantly affect Earth's radiation budget, thus influencing global climate. In the Arctic, sulfate aerosols are thought to have reduced the warming during the twentieth century. However, trends in past sulfate aerosols are poorly known, especially the aerosol sizes and compositions. Here, we analyze a high‐resolution ice core from southeastern Greenland, comparing the seasonal deposition flux of large sulfate salt particles and small sulfur compounds, including non‐neutralized sulfuric acid, between the anthropogenic sulfate maximum (1973–1975) and after sulfur emissions control (2010–2012). Between these periods, we find that the large‐diameter (>0.4 μm) flux remains roughly unchanged, yet the small‐diameter (<0.4 μm) aerosol flux significantly decreases. The results indicate that small sulfates were efficiently activated as cloud condensation nuclei during the 1970s, and thus likely increased cloud albedo, offsetting the warming.
Local immune cell contributions to fracture healing in aged individuals – A novel role for interleukin 22
Authors: Bucher Christian H. , Berkmann Julia C. , Burkhardt Lisa-Marie , Paschke Carolin , Schlundt Claudia , Lang Annemarie , Wolter Angelique , Damerau Alexandra , Geissler Sven , Volk Hans-Dieter , Duda Georg N. , Schmidt-Bleek Katharina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWith increasing age, the risk of bone fractures increases while regenerative capacity decreases. This variation in healing potential appears to be linked to adaptive immunity, but the underlying mechanism is still unknown. This study sheds light on immunoaging/inflammaging, which impacts regenerative processes in aging individuals. In an aged preclinical model system, different levels of immunoaging were analyzed to identify key factors that connect immunoaged/inflammaged conditions with bone formation after long bone fracture. Immunological facets, progenitor cells, the microbiome, and confounders were monitored locally at the injury site and systemically in relation to healing outcomes in 12-month-old mice with distinct individual levels of immunoaging. Bone tissue formation during healing was delayed in the immunoaged group and could be associated with significant changes in cytokine levels. A prolonged and amplified pro-inflammatory reaction was caused by upregulated immune cell activation markers, increased chemokine receptor availability and a lack of inhibitory signaling. In immunoaged mice, interleukin-22 was identified as a core cell signaling protein that played a central role in delayed healing. Therapeutic neutralization of IL-22 reversed this specific immunoaging-related disturbed healing. Immunoaging was found to be an influencing factor of decreased regenerative capacity in aged individuals. Furthermore, a novel therapeutic strategy of neutralizing IL-22 may successfully rejuvenate healing in individuals with advanced immune experiences.
A circuit from lateral septum neurotensin neurons to tuberal nucleus controls hedonic feeding
Authors: Chen Zijun , Chen Gaowei , Zhong Jiafeng , Jiang Shaolei , Lai Shishi , Xu Hua , Deng Xiaofei , Li Fengling , Lu Shanshan , Zhou Kuikui , Li Changlin , Liu Zhongdong , Zhang Xu , Zhu Yingjie 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFeeding behavior is regulated by both the homeostatic needs of the body and hedonic values of the food. Easy access to palatable energy-dense foods and the consequent obesity epidemic stress the urgent need for a better understanding of neural circuits that regulate hedonic feeding. Here, we report that neurotensin-positive neurons in the lateral septum (LSNts) play a crucial role in regulating hedonic feeding. Silencing LSNts specifically promotes feeding of palatable food, whereas activation of LSNts suppresses overall feeding. LSNts neurons project to the tuberal nucleus (TU) via GABA signaling to regulate hedonic feeding, while the neurotensin signal from LSNts→the supramammillary nucleus (SUM) is sufficient to suppress overall feeding. In vivo calcium imaging and optogenetic manipulation reveal two populations of LSNts neurons that are activated and inhibited during feeding, which contribute to food seeking and consumption, respectively. Chronic activation of LSNts or LSNts→TU is sufficient to reduce high-fat diet-induced obesity. Our findings suggest that LSNts→TU is a key pathway in regulating hedonic feeding.
LncRNA 1700020I14Rik promotes AKR1B10 expression and activates Erk pathway to induce hepatocyte damage in alcoholic hepatitis
Authors: Wu Yue , Qi Yabin , Bai Yangqiu , Zhang Haihui , Zhu Wenliang , Zhou Shengli , Zhang Yanrui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlcoholic hepatitis (AH), a kind of alcoholic liver disease, shows poor prognosis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) exert critical role in liver diseases. Here, we intended to investigate the possible molecular mechanism that 1700020I14Rik-based regulation of microRNA (miR)-137/Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10) affecting the inflammatory response and hepatocyte damage in AH. AH-related genes and the down-stream regulatory pathway were screnned by bioinformatics. Mouse normal hepatocyte cell line AML12 was selected to construct an ethanol-induced hepatocyte injury model for in vitro mechanistic validation, while we also established an AH mouse model using the ethanol with gradually increased concentration of 2–4% (v/v) for in vivo study. Specific role of 1700020I14Rik/miR-137/AKR1B10 in AML12 cell viability, proliferation and apoptotic capacity as well as inflammation and liver damage in mice were analyzed following ectopic and depletion approaches. We found elevated AKR1B10 and 1700020I14Rik but reduced miR-137 in AH. 1700020I14Rik was able to elevated miR-137-mediated AKR1B10. In vitro cell experiments and in vivo animal experiments validated that 1700020I14Rik reduced ethanol-induced hepatocyte damage and inflammation in AH mice through regulation of miR-137–mediated AKR1B10/Erk axis. The current study underlied that 1700020I14Rik could activate AKR1B10/Erk signaling through inhibition of miR-137, thereby promoting the hepatocyte damage in AH mice.