bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychopathology of schizophrenia in the context of the superior longitudinal fascicle integrity – a DTI study
Authors: Podwalski P. , Tyburski E. , Szczygieł K. , Michalczyk A. , Sagan L. , Samochowiec J. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSchizophrenia is a chronic mental illness with unclear etiology. It is characterized by symptoms in various psychopathological domains (e.g. positive, negative). One of the concepts explaining the etiology of schizophrenia is the disconnection hypothesis. It assumes the existence of structural and functional disorders within the connections of brain regions. White matter is largely responsible for the quality of these connections. One of the important structures of white matter is the superior longitudinal fascicle (SLF) which connects many cortical structures.ObjectivesThe main aim of our study was to search for a relationship between the integrity of SLF and various psychopathological dimensions among schizophrenia patients.Methods42 schizophrenia subjects (SS) and 32 healthy controls (HC) participated in the study. All study participants underwent DTI-MRI analysis. The psychopathology of SS was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). In the study, we used the PANSS dimensions proposed by Shafer. Then, the SLF analysis was performed using fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) parameters.ResultsThe differences in FA and MD values in SLF bilaterally between groups were confirmed. A correlation was found between MD values in left SLF and positive symptoms (p = 0.040) and excitement (p = 0.012). A correlation was found between the MD values in the right SLF and the symptoms of disorganization (p <0.000) and excitement (p = 0.004).ConclusionsSLF seems to play a role in the etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia. Disturbed SLF integrity may be involved in the development of positive, disorganization and excitement symptoms.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Perception of the COVID-19 pandemic by individuals who previously sought psychiatric assistance
Authors: Boyko O. , Medvedeva T. , Enikolopov S. , Vorontsova O. , Kazmina O. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionCOVID-19 pandemic leads to high levels of stress. Individuals who have previously sought psychiatric assistance are more sensitive.ObjectivesAnalysis of the perception of the pandemic by people who have previously sought psychiatric care.MethodsAn internet-survey (20.03.2020 - 13.01.2021) (N=659; 152 – previously sought psychiatric assistance); included SCL-90-R; questions about the levels of anxiety, depression, and fear (assessed on 0-10 scale); question about opinion on COVID-19 pandemic (coded further on the basis of meaning); question about epidemiological situation of COVID-19 in respondents’ places of residence and their social circles.ResultsIndividuals who had previously sought psychiatric assistance demonstrated higher levels of anxiety (5,533±2,489 versus 4,774±2,590), depression (4,945±2,926 versus 3,861±2,988), and fear (0,195±0,397 versus 0,278±0,448). They showed roughly equivalent reactions to both anticipated and real danger (z-score GSI of SCL-90-R 0,90 versus 0,90 for anticipated and real danger respectively), the same indicator of the control group (0,53 and 0,65). In statements about the pandemic, they are more often referred to the topic of “positive effects” of pandemic (3,30% versus 0,99%), expressed “curiosity” (5,92% versus 2,37%). They were less drawn to conspiracy (9,87% versus 16,17%), and exploited more readily the topic “about myself” (20,39% versus 13,21%), negative images of “the present” (3,64% versus с 1,58%) and “the future” (15,79% versus 9, 47%), vocabulary of “anger” (5,92% versus 2,17%).ConclusionsIndividuals who had previously sought psychiatric assistance were ambivalent in their attitudes towards pandemic, and tended to concentrate more on feelings and the negative vision of the future. They perceived anticipated danger roughly equivalent to real danger.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The Complexity of Comorbidity in Patients with Severe Mental Disorders
Authors: Sartorius N. 
Published: September 2022

Comorbidity of severe mental disorders and physical illness: issues arising Comorbidity of mental and physical illness is a major, perhaps main problem facing medicine in the years before us. In addition to shortening the life expectancy of people with mental illness comorbidity with physical illness comorbidity significantly and negatively affects the quality of life of the people who experience the mental and physical illnesses and their carers and increases the cost of health care. What makes the problem even more and challenging is that medicine is currently in the process of fragmentation into ever more narrow specialties which adds difficulty in the provision of care, Most of the solutions which have been proposed – collaborative care, in-service education of general practitioners and others did not turn out to be effective solutions in dealing with the problems of comorbidity. A significant revision of undergraduate and postgraduate training in medicine is most probably an essential component of the answer to the challenge of this type of comorbidity which will also require a reorganization of health services and their financing.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Less basal thyrotropin levels predict antidepressant response in patients with major depression
Authors: Navinés R. , Oriolo G. , Mora M. , Cavero M. , Gómez-Gil E. , Martin-Santos R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe close association among thyroid metabolism, mood disorders and behavior has long been known. The role of basal thyroid axis in antidepressant treatment response is less known.ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to study the association of basal serum thyrotropin (TSH) levels, with antidepressant treatment response in major depressive disorder.MethodsThirty-one depressed adult outpatients were included. Major depressive episode was diagnosed through the MINI (DSM-IV-TR) interview. Clinical symptomatology and blood samples were assessed at baseline, and at 4-
and 8-weeks of either escitalopram or sertraline. Treatment response was defined by an improvement ≥50% in MADRS scores at 4-, and 8-weeks. Basal TSH levels were included in a linear regression model as predictor of treatment response.ResultsTwenty-seven patients finished 8-weeks of treatment. Response to treatment was of 74% at 4-weeks, and 63% at 8-weeks of antidepressant treatment. Basal median TSH levels were between normal ranges (M+SD=1.85+1,02 mlU/L). Basal TSH levels not correlated with basal MADRS scores, but with higher MADRS scores at week-4 (r=0,415, p=0,031) and at week-8 (r=0,392, p=0,043). Moreover, less baseline TSH levels trend to be a significant good predictor for treatment response at 4-weeks (R2=.116, p=.083); and a good predictor at 8-weeks treatment (R2=.147, p=.049).ConclusionsBaseline TSH levels even within the normal range may play a role in predicting antidepressant response.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The role of the practice nurse in the management of Postpartum depression
Authors: Hogea L. , Tabugan C.D. , Bredicean A.-C. , Anghel T. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionNurses specializing in maternal and child health are poised to play a pivotal role in the early identification and prompt treatment of perinatal depression. Postpartum period it is well-known for presenting high-risk for the appearance of a mental illness.ObjectivesThis study has been carried out with the aim of investigating the level of knowledge of the nurses and their role in the management of post-partum depression.Methods73 participants (n=73) were selected which are professional nurses. The data were collected through a questionnaire formed out of 16 questions. The questionnaire is structured on three parts: general information about the participants, the nurse’s knowledge about the postpartum depression, and the identification and the management of the patient’s cases.Results73 of the nurses questioned, consider that they were not properly prepared for this role and they were not able to identify and manage the patients with post-partum depression. They also consider that the ideal training should contain more theoretical information. Amongst these (32, 87%) do not know the symptomatology, and 38, 35% are not aware of the risk factors of post-partum depression.ConclusionsPostpartum depression is seen in approximately 10% of women who have recently given birth, but also in 3, 3% of men. Despite of this numbers, the Romanian medical staff is not yet well prepared in facing this affection.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Psychological impact of COVID19 outbreak and coping strategies among Tunisian medical students
Authors: Shiri M. , Bejar M. , Arous A. , Kammoun I. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe COVID19 pandemic came with unprecedented measures that impacted every aspect of the student’s life making them vulnerable to psychological distress.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess anxiety and depressive symptoms in relation to the coping strategies during the COVID19 pandemic among medical students.MethodsWe conducted a web-based cross-sectional study among Tunisian medical students. We used an anonymous survey comprising sociodemographic characteristics, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale and the brief COPE.ResultsA total of 216 students participated in the study; 78% were female and most respondents were enrolled in first and second year of medical studies (53%). The frequency of depressive and anxiety symptoms were respectively 28% and 40%; females experienced significantly higher depression and anxiety scores (p<10¯³ and p=0.02 respectively). Most used coping strategies were self-blame, planning, acceptance, distraction, positive reframing, active coping and religion (99%-96%). The least used coping strategies were substance use (13%) and denial (52%). We found that gender was associated with a significant difference in the coping styles where females scored higher on religious coping and denial whereas males used more humor coping. Depression and anxiety were significantly associated with denial coping. Humor, acceptance, positive reframing and active coping were significantly associated with lower depression rates. Humor coping and active coping were associated with lower anxiety rates.ConclusionsOur study shows alarming rates of depression and anxiety among Tunisian medical students during the COVID19 pandemic. A targeted intervention to promote mental health using the coping styles might be useful in this population.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Adherence Scale to the Recommendations for Mental Health during the COVID-19 pandemic from the Portuguese General Directorate of Health (ASR-MH-COVID19) - Development and validation
Authors: Pereira A.T. , Cabacos C. , Soares S. , Pacheco M.J. , Manão A. , Araújo A. , Amaral A.P. , De Sousa R. , Macedo A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe COVID-19 crisis has generated an increasing stress throughout the population.ObjectivesTo develop and validate the Adherence Scale to the Recommendations for Mental Health during the COVID-19 pandemic from the Portuguese General Directorate of Health (GDH) (ASR-MH-COVID19).MethodsThe items content was based on the GDH guides for the prevention of mental health and psychosocial well-being of the general population during the COVID-19 outbreak. After content and facial validity analysis, the preliminary version of the ASR-MH-COVID19 (8 items to be answered on a Likert scale) was completed by 413 individuals (69.2% female; mean age=31.02±14,272), in September-December 2020 (Sample1) and then by 967 (70.9% female; mean age=34.02±14,272), in February-May 2021 (Sample2). Sample1 was randomly divided in two sub-samples. Sample1A was used for exploratory factor analysis/EFA and Sample1B for confirmatory factor analysis/CFA; CFA was then replicated with Sample2. The online surveys also included the Adherence Scale to the Recommendations of Portuguese GDH to minimize the impact of COVID-19 (ASR-COVID-19; Pereira et al. 2020).ResultsCFAs were informed by EFA and showed that the unidimensional model presented acceptable-good fit indexes (Sample1B: χ2/df=2.747; RMSEA=.0980, p<.001; CFI=.973; TLI=.918, GFI=.972; Sample2: χ2/df=3.327; RMSEA=.0490, p<.001; CFI=.993; TLI=.983, GFI=.990). Cronbach’s alfas were α<.850. Pearson correlations between ASR-MH-COVID19 and ASR-COVID19 were significant (p<.01) and moderate-high for the total (r=.753) and dimensional scores (Distance and respiratory hygiene, r=.739; House and personal hygiene, r=.584; Use of remote services and isolation r=.425).ConclusionsThe new ASR-MH-COVID19 has shown validity and reliability, allowing the investigation of this (mental) health behaviour.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Prevalence and covid 19 vaccination rate in a population of patients with schizophrenia and a substance use disorder
Authors: Romero Guillena S.L. , De Burgos Berdud I. , Gálvez Medina R. , Serrano Rodriguez E. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAs of August 27th, 2021, the diagnosed cases of COVID 19 in Spain are 4 758 003 with a prevalence of 10.03%. 68.4% of the Spanish population is fully vaccinatedObjectivesPrimary: To compare the prevalence of COVID infection in a cohort of patients with schizophrenia to patients with a dual diagnosis of schizophrenia and substance use disorder Secondary: To compare the rate of fully vaccinated patients diagnosed with schizophrenia with and without a coexisting substance use disorder.MethodsRetrospective descriptive study. The population in study is made up of patients with schizophrenia (46) and dual diagnosis schizophrenia (28) (following DSM 5 criteria) Confirmed cases were those cases with positive PCRResultsThere was not a stadistically significant difference in the prevalence of COVID 19 infection between both groups of patients. The prevalence of COVID infection among the dual diagnosis schizophrenia was 3.57% compared to 6.5% in those without coexisting substance abuse disorder. Relative to vaccination rate, we didn’t find a stadistically significant difference between both groups. However, there was a higher vaccination rate in the dual diagnosis schizophrenia group (82.12%) compared to the non-dual diagnosis schizophrenia group (69.56%)ConclusionsThe prevalence of COVID 19 infection in the dual diagnosis schizophrenia cohort is 3.57% and in the group of patients with schizophrenia without substance abuse disorder is 6,5%. In those with dual diagnosis schizophrenia the vaccination rate was un 82.12%. It was 69.56% in those without coexisting substance abuse disorder.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The identification of treatment-resistant depression patients in electronic health records, a retrospective cohort study in China
Authors: Dong S. , Wu T. , Dong W. , Si T. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPrevious Electronic Health Records (EHR) based studies adopted various definitions in identifying Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) patients. There is a lack of similar attempts among Chinese population which limits the understanding of TRD in China.ObjectivesAssess TRD identification using EHR from a major psychiatric hospital in China.MethodsThis study utilized a retrospective Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) cohort of patients who newly initiated pharmaceutical treatment (2010-2018); follow-up was ended upon 1-year or treatment discontinuation (≥120d without treatment). TRD was first identified based on common clinical definition of two prior regimen failures (change of regimen) with 4-week as regimen adequacy threshold (Def1). Alternative adequacy thresholds of 2-week and 6-week were applied. Based on Def1 (4-week), at least 3 distinctive regimens were additionally required in TRD identification (Def2). Further, a data-driven definition (Def3) based on drug count as having ≥3 antidepressants or ≥1 antipsychotic within 1 year was considered (Cepeda et al., 2018).ResultsFrom 12257 MDD patients included in the cohort, Def1 identified 633 (5.2%) TRD cases, whereas regimen adequacy thresholds of 2-week and 6-week identified 1772 (14.5%) and 61 (0.5%) cases, respectively. Further, Def2 identified 261 (2.4%) TRD cases. Finally, Def3 yielded 2449 (20.0%) TRD cases, including 1966 exclusive cases that were not identified by Def1.ConclusionsThis study showed different definitions for TRD identification had considerable impact on the number of patients identified among Chinese population, obscuring the comparability among EHR-based TRD studies. As first step, we found the criteria of regimen adequacy as major contributor to the observed variability in China.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Treatment of the depressive patients at clinical high-risk for psychosis
Authors: Omelchenko M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAt present, there is no universally approach to treating patients at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR) without comorbid mental disorders. However, if there are revealed depressive symptoms, proper treatment becomes necessary.ObjectivesEstablish pharmacological classes and doses of drugs that have proved effective in treating depressive patients at CHR.MethodsA comparative study of pharmacological classes and doses of drugs was carried out, showing the effectiveness in treatment of 219 depressive patients at CHR and 52 depressive patients without CHR. The treatment effectiveness was carried out on the reduction of depression symptoms on the HDRS scale, and the CHR symptoms on the SOPS scale.ResultsA significant reduction of depression symptoms was achieved in the group of depressive patients with and without CHR on the HDRS scale (67.9% and 76.6% respectively). The reductions of the CHR symptoms were 46.1% and 53.3% respectively. There were differences between the severity of depression symptoms and CHR symptoms before and after the treatment. Both groups used antidepressants followed by the prescription of antipsychotics to increase the effectiveness of the therapy. No difference was found in the doses of antidepressants for the fluoxetine equivalent (46.0 vs 42.6 mg per day, p 0.05) and some differences were found for the average effective doses of antipsychotics for the chlorpromazine equivalent (385.4 vs 230.8 mg per day, p 0.05).ConclusionsThe same pharmacological classes are used for the treatment of young depressive patients with and without CHR, but the former have significantly higher doses of antipsychotics.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Emergency Psychiatry before and during COVID-19 pandemia
Authors: Giménez-Palomo A. , Sagué M. , Fico G. , Gómez-Ramiro M. , Vázquez M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact worldwide. Consultations in the Emergency Service of the Hospital Clínic of Barcelona varied in terms of reasons for consultations, psychopathology, and other aspects, before and after the pandemic.ObjectivesTo examine changes in the profile of patients admitted before and during the COVID-19 pandemic to our Psychiatric Emergency Service.MethodsAll children, adolescent and adult psychiatric inpatients admitted from December 4th 2019 to March 31st 2021 to the Psychiatric Emergency Service of Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Spain, were retrospectively included for analysis and divided into two groups –groups 1 or 2-
including the first one all patients who attended before lockdown and the second group those who attended during the pandemic.ResultsA total of 1991 patients were included -1224 in the first group and 767 in the second group. The majority of patients were male (52.08%), with a mean age of 41.21 years (SD 16.53). A proportion significantly higher of men was found in the second group (p<0.05). The proportion of patients consulting with substance use disorders was significantly higher in the second group (p<0.05). Patients from the second group presented a significantly higher proportion of admissions in an acute psychiatric ward (p<0.05), and also a significantly higher proportion of consultations of patients with dementia (p<0.05).ConclusionsThe COVID-19 pandemic lead to a significant reduction in the overall consultations, with a higher proportion of severe cases. The lack of availability of caregivers and telework might have influenced the increase in consultations of patients with dementia.DisclosureAG has received travel and financial support from Janssen, Otsuka-Lundbeck and Angelini, and research support from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and declares no support related with the subject of this presentation.
Predictors of Functional Outcome in Patients with Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Erfurth A. , Sachs G. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction Bipolar disorder is a severe disorder that is often accompanied by deficits in both neurocognitive (1) and psychosocial function (2). At the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy of the Medical University of Vienna we performed a study to further identify potential cognitive, clinical and treatment-dependent predictors for functional impairment, symptom severity and early recurrence in bipolar patients (3). Methods Forty-three remitted bipolar patients and 40 healthy probands were assessed with a cognitive battery. In a randomized controlled trial, remitted patients were assigned to two treatment conditions as add-on to state-of-the-art pharmacotherapy: cognitive psychoeducational group therapy (CPEGT) over 14 weeks or treatment-as-usual. At 1 year after therapy, functional impairment and severity of symptoms were assessed. Results As compared to healthy probands, bipolar patients showed lower performance in executive function, sustained attention, verbal learning and verbal fluency. Both attention and CPEGT predicted occupational functioning. In our study verbal memory recall was a predictor for symptom severity. Discussion Our data suggest that bipolar patients benefit from CPEGT in the domain of occupational life. Implications for treatment strategies are discussed. Solé B, Jiménez E, Torrent C, Reinares M, Bonnin CDM, Torres I, Varo C, Grande I, Valls E, Salagre E, Sanchez-Moreno
J, Martinez-Aran
A, Carvalho AF, Vieta E. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol (2017) 20:670–80. Tohen M, Zarate CA Jr, Hennen J, Khalsa HM, Strakowski SM, Gebre-Medhin
P, Salvatore P, Baldessarini RJ. Am J Psychiatry (2003) 160:2099–107. Sachs G, Berg A, Jagsch R, Lenz G, Erfurth A. Front Psychiatry (2020) 23;11:530026.DisclosureNo significant relationships.