bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arabidopsis Oil Body-Expressed Oleosin-rhFGF5 Inhibits Hair Growth in Mouse
Authors: Wang Hongyu , Noman Muhammad 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
As a member of the fibroblast growth factor family, FGF5 can regulate hair growth, promote injury repair and the development of the body. The expression of exogenous recombinant human FGF5 protein in Arabidopsis by transgenic technology is of great significance to explore its potential mechanism of action and clinical application in the future. We constructed the pOTB-rhFGF5 oil body fusion expression vector and transformed into Arabidopsis. The transgenic Arabidopsis was identified by PCR, SDS-PAGE and Western blot. The pharmacological activity of the recombinant oleosin-rhFGF5 protein in hair growth inhibition was tested in vitro as well as in vivo. PCR assay, SDS-PAGE and western blot showed that the recombinant human FGF5 gene was stably inherited and expressed in Arabidopsis, and the target protein size was 47 kDa. Moreover, our experiments showed that the 12.5 ng/mL oleosin-rhFGF5 began to inhibit the proliferation of hair follicle epithelial cell, the inhibition effect was proportional to the dose. In vivo activity studies also showed that the oleosin-rhFGF5 had the activity of inhibiting hair regeneration. We successfully transformed the recombinant human FGF5 gene into Arabidopsis and expressed the target protein olesoin-rhFGF5 in Arabidopsis. The recombinant protein olesoin-rhFGF5 has hair regeneration inhibition activity both in vivo and vitro.
Serum potassium trajectory during AKI and mortality risk
Authors: Chávez-Iñiguez Jonathan , Maggiani-Aguilera Pablo , de Quevedo Andrés Aranda-García , Granado Rolando Claure-Del , Vega-Vega Olynka , López-Giacoman Salvador R. , Chávez-Alonso Gael , Oliva-Martínez Ana E. , Díaz-Villavicencio Bladimir , Calderón-García Clementina E. , González-Barajas David , Arizaga-Nápoles Manuel , Vega-Méndez Frida M. De la , Navarro-Blackaller Guillermo , Medina-González Ramón , Ibarra-Hernández Margarita , Garcia-Garcia Guillermo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Kidneys play a primary role in potassium homeostasis. The association between potassium (sK+) level and mortality or the need for kidney replacement therapy (KRT) during acute kidney injury (AKI) has not been adequately explored. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, AKI patients admitted to the Hospital Civil de Guadalajara were enrolled from August 2017 to June 2021 with AKI. We divided patients into 8 groups based on the serum potassium level trajectories up to ten days following hospitalization, (1) normokalemia (normoK), defined as sK+ values between 3.5 and 5.5 mEq/L; (2) corrected hyperkalemia (hyperK), sK+ > 5.5 mEq/L on hospital admission and decreased to normoK; (3) corrected hypokalemia (hypoK), sK+ < 3.5 mEq/L on hospital admission and increased to normoK; (4) fluctuating potassium, sK+ increased / decreased in and out of normoK parameters; (5) uncorrected hypoK, sK+ < 3.5 mEq/L; (6) normoK to hypoK, sK+ that were normal on hospital admission and decreased to hypoK and never went back to normal; (7) normoK to hyperK, sK+ that were normal on hospital admission and increased to hyperK and never went back to normal; (8) uncorrected hyperK, sK+ > 5.5 mEq/L. We assessed the association of serum potassium trajectories with mortality and the need for KRT (secondary objective). Results: A total of 311 AKI patients were included. The mean age was 52.6 years, and 182 (58.6%) were male. AKI stage 3 was present in 199 (63.9%). KRT started in 112 (36%) patients, and 66 (21.2%) died. After adjusting for confounders, 10-day hospital mortality was significantly higher in group 7 and 8 (OR, 1.37 and 1.63, p = <0.05, for both, respectevely), and KRT initiation was higher only in group 8 (OR 1.40, p = < 0.05) compared with group 1. Mortality in different subgroups of patients in group 8 did not change the primary results.Conclusion: In our prospective cohort, most patients with AKI had alterations in sK+. NormoK to hyperK and Uncorrected hyperK were associated with death, while only uncorrected hyperK was correlated with the need for KRT.
The clinical implications of pre-liver transplant diabetes on post-liver transplant outcomes in patients with NASH: analysis of the UNOS database
Authors: Lee David Uihwan Uihwan , Han John , Lee Ki Jung , Kwon Jean , Fan Gregory Hongyuan , Jung Daniel , Urrunaga Nathalie Helen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background & Aims: The presence of perioperative diabetes may lead to increased mortality risks following liver transplant (LT) in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This risk factor was evaluated using a UNOS-STAR national database. Methods: The UNOS-STAR liver transplant registry 2005-2019 was used to select patients with NASH (including cryptogenic liver disease). The following populations were excluded: those younger than 18 years old and those with living donors/dual transplants. Selected patients were stratified into those with and without pre-LT diabetes and compared to the individual mortality endpoints using iterative Cox analyses. Results: 6324 recipients with and 8251 without diabetes were selected. The median follow-up time was 3.07 years. Those with diabetes were older (58.50 vs. 54.50 years, p<0.001), were more likely to be Hispanic or Asian, and had higher BMI than the non-diabetics (31.10 vs. 29.70 kg/m² p<0.001); however, there was no difference in gender (female 41.9 vs. 43.1% p=0.170). Compared to non-diabetics, recipients with diabetes had a higher rate of all-cause mortality (61.68 vs. 47.80 per 1000 person-years). In multivariate iterations, pre-LT diabetes was associated with all-cause mortality (aHR 1.19 95% CI 1.11-1.27) as well as deaths due to cardiac (p=0.014 aHR 1.24 95% CI 1.04-1.46) and renal causes (p=0.039 aHR 1.38 95% CI 1.02-1.87). Conclusion: The presence of pre-LT diabetes is associated with all-cause mortality and deaths due to cardiac and renal causes following LT. The findings warrant an early preoperative screening procedure to ensure that patients with diabetes have their metabolic risk factors optimized prior to LT.
Multi-criteria comparative analysis of the pressure drop on coal gangue fly-ash slurry at different parts along an L-shaped pipeline
Authors: Wang Defeng , Jiao Dengwu , Cheng Zhanbo , Shi Qingwen , Mischo Helmut 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Disposing coal gangue and fly-ash on the surface is a risky method which has tremendous potential catastrophic consequences for the environment, whereas backfill mining is a promising practice turing those hazardous wastes into useful backfill materials. Unfortunately, how to deliver the slurry into avoid efficiently remains underresearched, therefore, to address this gap, in the present paper, in addition to a laboratory rheological test, computational fluid dynamics software Fluent was also employed to simulate the different effects that individual variables have on the pressure evolution at a specific section of the pipeline. Furthermore, the response surface method was implemented to examine how the multiple factors synergistically affect the pressure drop and their corresponding influencing weights. This paper shows that slurry concentration, speed, and pipe diameter all significantly affect the pressure drop of slurry and that conveying speed is the dominant factor in the bend section. In contrast, pipe diameter becomes the dominant factor in the horizontal and vertical pipe sections.
A CNN-based Lower Limb Motion Quality Evaluation Method for Home-based Stroke Rehabilitation
Authors: Ge Pin , Huang Ziyang , Tang Guoliang , Kumar Akshay , Mahmoud Seeahmed , Fang Qiang , Chen Jian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: With the rapid increase of stroke incidence in recent years worldwide, home-based rehabilitation training has become more needed, especially for remote regions or in developing countries where rehabilitation resources are scarce. Studies have demonstrated that home-based rehabilitation for poststroke patients is essential for reducing the cost as well as for providing efficient rehabilitation. Nevertheless, home-based rehabilitation training requires effective professional support and timely evaluation. Method: In this paper, a home-based rehabilitation quality evaluation method for lower limb training was proposed. The kinematic data of a patient’s lower limb during a set of selected training exercises was captured by a wireless body area sensor network (WBASN). The data was then processed by a convolutional neural network (CNN) based algorithm to classify the rehabilitation training type and to evaluate the training quality. A series of kinematic features were selected for rehabilitation quality scoring. The experiments have been conducted using 26 human participants, including 6 healthy participants and 20 stroke patients at different Brunnstrom recovery stages. Results: An accuracy of 95.3% has been achieved for recognizing the rehabilitation training types and a statistically significant positive correlation has been obtained between the objective scores and the Brunnstrom stages evaluated by the clinicians.
Efficacy of clinical guidelines in identifying all Japanese patients with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer
Authors: Haneda Eri , Sato Ann , Suganuma Nobuyasu , Sebata Yoshiko , Okamoto Saki , Toda Soji , Kohagura Kaori , Matsubara Yuka , Sugawara Yuko , Yamanaka Takashi , Yamashita Toshinari , Shimizu Satoru , Narimatsu Hiroto 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

PurposeClinical screening using the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) testing criteria may fail to identify all patients with hereditary breast and ovarian cancers. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the strategy of expanding target patients for genetic testing among Japanese patients. Patients and MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of 91 breast cancer patients who were genetically tested.Results Among 91 patients, eight were diagnosed with pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants: BRCA1 (n=4) and BRCA2 (n=4). Among 50 patients meeting the testing criteria of the guideline, six (12%, 95% confidence interval; 4.5–24.3%) were diagnosed with pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants. The sensitivity and specificity of screening using the testing criteria were 75% and 47%, respectively. Expanding the NCCN criteria to include all women diagnosed with breast cancer aged ≤ 65 years achieved 88% sensitivity but 8% specificity. ConclusionsThe expansion of the NCCN criteria could benefit Japanese patients.
Transvaginal Pudendal Nerve Blocks in Patients With Pudendal Neuralgia: Two-year Follow-up Results
Authors: Basol Gulfem , Kale Ahmet , Gurbuz Hande , Gundogdu Elif Cansu , Baydilli Kursad Nuri , Usta Taner 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Pudendal neuralgia (PN) is an extremely painful neuropathy of the pudendal nerve resulting in a negative impact on a patient's quality of life. The aim of this study is to evaluate the 2-years outcomes of repetitive doses of the transvaginal pudendal nerve injections (PNI) and to compare the success of the PNI concerning anatomical levels (endopelvic and extrapelvic portion) of the pudendal nerve pathology.Methods: This retrospective longitudinal cohort study consists of patients with PN diagnosed with the first four essential Nantes criteria. Diagnostic PNI was performed on 67 patients to fulfill the fifth criteria of Nantes. After the drop-outs, further analyses were carried out with a total of 56 patients.Results: The efficacy of the PNIs significantly declined over time. Pudendal nerve blocks provided a significant decrease in pain scores; however, this decrease lost its strength significantly in the 24th month. The intervention was more effective in entrapments of the pudendal nerve between sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments or below (Level-2) when compared to the injuries in the endopelvic part (Level-1). More than 50% pain reduction continued in five patients with pathology at Level-1 and 24 patients with pathology at Level-2. Conclusion: Repeated PNIs could provide a significant decrease in pain scores for both short and long-term periods. However, the efficacy of the PNIs declined over two years. The success of PNIs may be affected by the anatomical level of the nerve injury; therefore, interligamentous pudendal nerve entrapment cases have more benefits than the cases of pudendal nerve entrapment in the endopelvic part. However, it is recommended to perform therapeutic nerve blocks even in patients with suspected endopelvic pudendal nerve pathology before the referral to surgery.
Sparse Bayesian Identification of Nonlinear State-Space Systems via Stein Approximation Approach
Authors: Zhang Limin , Li Junpeng , Zhang Wenting 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper concerns with the parameter estimation of nonlinear discrete-time systems from noisy state measurements in state-space form. A sparse Bayesian convex optimisation algorithm was proposed for the parameter estimation and prediction. The proposed method takes full account of the data correlation, parameter priori, constrains, which is explicitly modeled by Bayesian sparse learning and optimisation. The only assumption about the structure of the model is that there are only a few important terms that govern the dynamics, so that the equations are sparse in the space of possible functions and the number of basis function is generated randomly. The main identification challenge resides in two aspects: first, a new objective function can be obtained by Stein approximation method in the convex optimization problem. Second, a recursive least squares estimation with L1-regularization is developed, wherein the regularization parameter is selected from the point of optimization. Compared with the function maximum likelihood(ML) method only, it usually captures more information about the dependence of the data indicators. Three simulation examples are given to demonstrate the proposed algorithm's effectiveness. Furthermore, the performances of these approaches are analyzed, including parameter estimation of RMSE, parameter sparsity and prediction of state and output result.
The role of socio-demographic factors and physical functioning in the intra- and interpersonal variability of older adults’ sedentary time: an observational two- country study
Authors: Compernolle Sofie , Cerin Ester , Barnett Anthony , Zhang Casper J.P. , Cauwenberg Jelle , Dyck Delfien 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background. Insight into the variability of older adults’ sedentary time is needed to inform future interventions. The aim of this study was to examine the intra- and interpersonal variability in sedentary time, and the moderating role of socio-demographics, physical functioning and geographical location in this variability.Methods. Cross-sectional data from 818 community-dwelling older adults (mean age: 74.8 years; 61.1% female) of the Active Lifestyle and the Environment in Chinese Seniors and Belgian Environmental Physical Activity Study in Seniors were used. An interview questionnaire was administered to collect socio-demographic information. The Short Physical Performance Battery was performed to evaluate physical functioning, and Actigraph GT3X(+) accelerometers were used to estimate sedentary time. Linear mixed models with random intercepts at the neighborhood, person and day levels examined the variability in sedentary time, and the moderating role of socio-demographics, physical functioning and geographical location within this variability. Results. Most of the variance in accelerometry-assessed sedentary time was due to intrapersonal variability across periods of the day (72.4%) followed by interpersonal variability within neighborhoods (25.6%). Those who were older, male, lived in Hong Kong, and experienced a lower level of physical functioning were less sedentary than their counterparts. Sedentary time increased throughout the day, with highest levels of sedentary time observed between 6:00 and 9:00 pm. The patterns of sedentary time across times of the day differed by sex, educational attainment, age, physical functioning and/or geographical location. No significant differences were detected between week and weekend day sedentary time. Conclusions. Researchers developing interventions to encourage older adults to sit less should pay particular attention to the evening hours, if future studies can demonstrate that older adults are also receptive towards sedentary behavior interventions in the evening. The variations in diurnal patterns of sedentary time between population subgroups suggest that personalized just-in-time adaptive interventions might be a promising strategy to reduce older adults’ sedentary time.
Effect of wearing masks on postoperative radiotherapy in cervical cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective study on acute toxicity
Authors: Zhang Guangyu , Wang Cong , Ma Changdong , Miao Li , Zhang Youzhong , Fu Chunli 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has created great challenges and requirements for radiotherapy. Mask wearing is an effective physical intervention against disease transmission and has been part of daily prevention strategies. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of mask wearing on the toxicity of postoperative radiotherapy in patients with cervical cancer.Methods: Between December 2018 and June 2021, a retrospective review was conducted among patients with FIGO stage IB-IIA cervical cancer who were treated with postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Acute toxicities were graded according to the National Cancer Institute’s Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 3.0.Results: A total of 85 patients were eligible for the study; 33 patients (38.9%) wore masks, whereas another 52 patients (61.1%) did not wear masks. There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of grade 1-2 enteritis (57.6% vs. 21.1%, P = 0.005) and grade 3-4 enteritis (21.2% vs. 3.8%, P = 0.033) between the two groups. Other acute toxicity reactions were not significantly different.Conclusions: On the basis of clinical findings, we think that mask wearing for cervical cancer patients undergoing daily postoperative radiotherapy seems debatable. More attention should be focused on the impact of mask wearing on acute toxicity.
Perceptual effects of optogenetic stimulation of inferior temporal cortex: hallucination or distortion?
Authors: Azadi Reza , Bohn Simon , Lopez Emily , Lafer-Sousa Rosa , Wang Karen , Afraz Arash 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Local artificial stimulation in high level visual areas of the brain induces complex perceptual events. Anecdotal descriptions of these events fall into two broad categories: ‘hallucinations’, which add a consistent and specific pictorial element to the contents of perception1,2, and ‘distortions’, which transform the ongoing visual perception1,2. Distortions are not pictorially consistent as they vary based on the visual input3. Systematic description of such characteristics of stimulation-induced perceptual events is a necessary step for understanding how neural activity gives rise to perception, and is also critical for development of visual prosthetic devices4. Here, we implanted arrays of LEDs5 over inferior temporal cortices of macaque monkeys and trained them to detect and report short optogenetic impulses delivered to their cortices. In a series of experiments, we observed that the ability to detect cortical stimulation highly depends on the choice of images presented to the eyes and that detection of cortical stimulation is most difficult when the animal fixates on a blank screen. Local stimulation of object selective parts of the visual cortex is shown here to induce perceptual events that are easy to detect and contain a strong distortive component. The causal contribution of inferior temporal neurons to perception does not seem to be strongly predetermined, as it depends on the state of vision. These findings also open the door to expanding the scope of visual prosthetics beyond the primary visual cortex.
Global biogeography of atmospheric microorganisms reflects diverse recruitment and environmental filtering
Authors: Archer Stephen , Lee Kevin , Caruso Tancredi , Leung Marcus , Tong Xinzhao , Salter Susannah J. , Hinchliffe Graham , Maki Teruya , Santl-Temkiv Tina , Warren-Rhodes Kimberley , Gomez-Silva Benito , Hyde Kevin , Liu Celine , Alcamí Antonio , Al-Mailem Dina , Araya Jonathan , Cary Stephen , Cowan Don , Dempsey Jessica , Etchebehere Claudia , Gantsetseg Batdelger , Hartery Sean , Harvey Mike , Hayakawa Kazuichi , Hogg Ian , Inoue Mutsoe , Kansour Mayada , Lawrence Tim , Lee Charles , Leopold Matthius , McKay Christopher , Nagao Seiya , Poh Yan Hong , Ramond Jean-Baptiste , Rastrojo Alberto , Sekiguchi Toshio , Sim Joo Huang , Stahm William , Sun Henry , Tang Ning , Vandenbrink Bryan , Walther Craig , Lee Patrick , Pointing Stephen Brian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Atmospheric transport is critical to dispersal of microorganisms between habitats, and this underpins resilience in terrestrial and marine ecosystems globally. A key unresolved question is whether microorganisms assemble to form a taxonomically distinct, geographically variable, and functionally adapted atmospheric microbiota. This question is made more complex by the unique challenges of separating potential contaminants from atmospheric signal, particularly given the ultra-low biomass of air and the long durations of sampling where contamination may occur. Here we adopted a comprehensive data filtering approach to mitigate contamination and characterise inter-continental patterns of microbial taxonomic and functional diversity in air within and above the atmospheric boundary layer and in underlying soils for 596 globally sourced samples. Bacterial and fungal assemblages in air were taxonomically structured and deviated significantly from purely stochastic assembly. Patterns differed with location and reflected climate, underlying surface cover and environmental filtering. Source-tracking indicated a complex recruitment process involving local soils plus globally distributed inputs from drylands and the phyllosphere. Assemblages displayed stress-response and metabolic traits relevant to survival in air, and taxonomic and functional diversity were correlated with macroclimate and atmospheric variables. Our findings highlight complexity in the atmospheric microbiota that is key to understanding regional and global ecosystem connectivity.