bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infant posture and caregiver‐provided cognitive opportunities in typically developing infants and infants with motor delay
Authors: Kretch Kari S. , Koziol Natalie A. , Marcinowski Emily C. , Kane Audrey E. , Inamdar Ketaki , Brown Elena Donoso , Bovaird James A. , Harbourne Regina T. , Hsu Lin‐Ya , Lobo Michele A. , Dusing Stacey C. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractInfants’ developing motor skills—including mastery of new postures such as sitting and standing—affect opportunities for learning that facilitate cognitive development. But how infant posture affects caregiver behavior is largely unexplored. Moreover, we know little about effects of posture on learning opportunities in infants with motor delay. This study asked how infants with typical development and infants with significant motor delay use various postures during play, and whether posture is related in real time to caregiver‐provided cognitive learning opportunities. Infants were videotaped five times over the course of a year in a free play session with a caregiver, starting when they demonstrated initial sitting skills. Posture and cognitive opportunities were coded moment‐by‐moment to assess duration and temporal overlap. We found that infants with typical development and infants with motor delay displayed similar use of postures initially, but infants with typical development demonstrated more mature postures over time. We also found that for both groups of infants, caregivers were most likely to provide cognitive opportunities when infants were sitting independently, and least likely when infants were supine. Our findings highlight the importance of upright sitting in typical and atypical infant development and suggest potential areas of intervention for infants with motor delay.
Changes in anhedonia over the course of eating disorder treatment
Authors: Dolan Sarah C. , Brown Tiffany A. , Wierenga Christina E. , Kaye Walter H. , Reilly Erin E. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveAnhedonia, a transdiagnostic symptom referring to the loss of ability to experience pleasure, is heightened across eating disorder (ED) diagnoses. This study aimed to assess whether anhedonia changes during ED treatment and explore how changes in anhedonia relate to treatment outcome.MethodAdults and adolescents in a partial hospitalization program for EDs (N = 499) completed the Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire (EDE‐Q) and the anhedonia subscale of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) at admission and discharge.ResultsAnhedonia scores significantly decreased from admission to discharge. Anhedonia at admission was also significantly different across ED diagnostic groups. To examine how study variables related to discharge EDE‐Q scores, a hierarchical linear regression was conducted with demographic, diagnostic, and medication variables in the first step, anhedonia and EDE‐Q scores at admission added to the second step, and anhedonia at discharge added to the final step. Greater anhedonia at discharge was related to higher EDE‐Q scores at discharge.DiscussionOur findings suggest that anhedonia changes significantly over the course of intensive treatment and changes in anhedonia relate to ED symptoms at discharge. Future research is needed to determine whether specifically targeting anhedonia in ED treatment may influence treatment outcomes.Public SignificanceThe findings from this study suggest that anhedonia may decrease during eating disorder (ED) treatment, and greater anhedonia may relate to elevated ED symptoms. These results provide support for the continued study of anhedonia in ED samples and indicate that anhedonia should be explored as a potential target for novel ED treatments.
Systematic reviews do not (yet) represent the ‘gold standard’ of evidence: A position paper
Authors: Moore Robert Andrew , Fisher Emma , Eccleston Christopher 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe low quality of included trials, insufficient rigour in review methodology, ignorance of key pain issues, small size, and over‐optimistic judgements about the direction and magnitude of treatment effects all devalue systematic reviews, supposedly the ‘gold standard’ of evidence. Available evidence indicates that almost all systematic reviews in the published literature contain fatal flaws likely to make their conclusions incorrect and misleading. Only 3 in every 100 systematic reviews are deemed to have adequate methods and be clinically useful. Examples of research waste and questionable ethical standards abound: most trials have little hope of providing useful results, and systematic review of hopeless trials inspires no confidence. We argue that results of most systematic reviews should be dismissed. Forensically critical systematic reviews are essential tools to improve the quality of trials and should be encouraged and protected.
Vascular implants – new aspects for in situ tissue engineering
Authors: Blume Cornelia , Kraus Xenia , Heene Sebastian , Loewner Sebastian , Stanislawski Nils , Cholewa Fabian , Blume Holger 
Published: January 2022

AbstractConventional synthetic vascular grafts require ongoing anticoagulation, and autologous venous grafts are often not available in elderly patients. This review highlights the development of bioartificial vessels replacing brain‐dead donor‐ or animal‐deriving vessels with ongoing immune reactivity. The vision for such bio‐hybrids exists in a combination of biodegradable scaffolds and seeding with immune‐neutral cells, and here different cells sources such as autologous progenitor cells or stem cells are relevant. This kind of in situ tissue engineering depends on a suitable bioreactor system with elaborate monitoring systems, three‐dimensional (3D) visualization and a potential of cell conditioning into the direction of the targeted vascular cell phenotype. Necessary bioreactor tools for dynamic and pulsatile cultivation are described. In addition, a concept for design of vasa vasorum is outlined, that is needed for sustainable nutrition of the wall structure in large caliber vessels. For scaffold design and cell adhesion additives, different materials and technologies are discussed. 3D printing is introduced as a relatively new field with promising prospects, for example, to create complex geometries or micro‐structured surfaces for optimal cell adhesion and ingrowth in a standardized and custom designed procedure. Summarizing, a bio‐hybrid vascular prosthesis from a controlled biotechnological process is thus coming more and more into view. It has the potential to withstand strict approval requirements applied for advanced therapy medicinal products.
The potential of Bambara groundnut: An analysis for the People’s Republic of China
Authors: Jahanshiri Ebrahim , Goh Ee Von , Wimalasiri Eranga M. , Azam‐Ali Sayed , Mayes Sean , Tengku Mohd Suhairi Tengku Adhwa Syaherah , Mohd Nizar Nur Marahaini , Mohd Sinin Siti Sarah 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWhile China has transformed its economy over recent decades, challenges such as climate change and land degradation have continued to impact its agriculture. These effects along with changes in diets and growing food imports will force China to look for alternative cropping options. Despite the broad potential of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc) as a resilient and nutritious underutilized crop, less is known about its potential in Asia. Here, we explore the potential of Bambara groundnut to become a mainstream crop in mainland China. A suitability analysis is presented for Bambara groundnut to examine the degree of seasonal adaptability of this crop against its climate and soil requirements across China. Results showed that the crop has yield potential in areas that can be too marginal for production of other mainstream crops such as soybean (Glycine max). If realized, the potential of Bambara groundnut could contribute to China's agriculture and reduce its reliance on vegetable protein imports. Using an average seasonal potential yield of 0.85 t/ha over a potential available area of between 55 and 112 million ha (based on 4 land availability scenarios) and modest price of 143 USD/t, yearly income between USD 6 and 13 billion can potentially be contributed by widespread cultivation of this crop. As well as food security, this drought‐resistant nitrogen‐fixing legume could also contribute to land rehabilitation, particularly in the areas where shift in planting dates and land degradation is noticeable. This study demonstrates the need for more investment and research into adoption of Bambara groundnut and other underutilized crops that have the potential to transform agriculture in populous Asian countries.
New associations of serum β‐carotene, lycopene, and zeaxanthin concentrations with NR1H3, APOB, RDH12, AND CYP genes
Authors: Domarkienė Ingrida , Mažeikienė Asta , Petrauskaitė Guostė , Kučinskienė Zita Aušrelė , Kučinskas Vaidutis 
Published: January 2022

AbstractVariation in carotenoid bioavailability at individual and population levels might depend on host‐related factors where genetic variation has a part to play. It manifests itself through the proteins involved in carotenoid intestinal absorption and metabolism, blood lipoprotein transport, or tissue uptake. This study aims to identify novel SNPs which could be associated with carotenoid serum concentrations. A total of 265 self‐reported healthy individuals of Lithuanian origin were genotyped (Illumina HumanOmniExpress‐12v1.0 or v1.1 and Infinium OmniExpress‐24v1.2 arrays) and fasting blood serum concentrations of β‐ and α‐carotene, β‐cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein, and zeaxanthin were measured (Shimadzu Prominence HPLC system). According to the individual carotenoid concentrations, the cohort was subdivided into quartiles. Q1 and Q4 were used for the following association analysis. The set of 2883 SNPs in 109 potential candidate genes (assumed for a direct or indirect role in carotenoid bioavailability) was analyzed. Liver X receptor alpha (NR1H3) “transport” polymorphisms rs2279238 (p = 2.129 × 10−5) and rs11039155 (p = 2.984 × 10−5), and apolipoprotein B (APOB) “transport” polymorphism rs550619 (p = 4.844 × 10−5) were associated with higher zeaxanthin concentration. Retinol dehydrogenase 12 (RDH12) “functional partner” polymorphism rs756473 (p = 7.422 × 10−5) was associated with higher lycopene concentration. Twenty‐one cytochrome P450 (CYP2C9, CYP2C18, and CYP2C19) “metabolism” polymorphisms in locus 10q23.33 were significantly associated with higher β‐carotene concentration. To conclude, four novel genomic loci were found to be associated with carotenoid serum levels. Zeaxanthin, lycopene, and β‐carotene serum concentrations might depend on genetic variation in NR1H3, APOB, RDH12 and CYP2C9, CYP2C18, and CYP2C19 genes.
Fusion‐positive non‐small cell lung carcinoma: Biological principles, clinical practice, and diagnostic implications
Authors: Kazdal Daniel , Hofman Véronique , Christopoulos Petros , Ilié Marius , Stenzinger Albrecht , Hofman Paul 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBased on superior efficacy and tolerability, targeted therapy is currently preferred over chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy for actionable gene fusions that occur in late‐stage non‐small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Consequently, current clinical practice guidelines mandate testing for ALK, ROS1, NTRK, and RET gene fusions in all patients with newly diagnosed advanced non‐squamous NSCLC (NS‐NSCLC). Gene fusions can be detected using different approaches, but today RNA next‐generation sequencing (NGS) or combined DNA/RNA NGS is the method of choice. The discovery of other gene fusions (involving, eg, NRG1, NUT, FGFR1, FGFR2, MET, BRAF, EGFR, SMARC fusions) and their partners has increased progressively in recent years, leading to the development of new and promising therapies and mandating the development and implementation of comprehensive detection methods. The purpose of this review is to focus on recent data concerning the main gene fusions identified in NSCLC, followed by the discussion of major challenges in this domain.
NOD‐like receptor protein 3 activation causes spontaneous inflammation and fibrosis that mimics human NASH
Authors: Calcagno David M. , Chu Angela , Gaul Susanne , Taghdiri Nika , Toomu Avinash , Leszczynska Aleksandra , Kaufmann Benedikt , Papouchado Bettina , Wree Alexander , Geisler Lukas , Hoffman Hal M. , Feldstein Ariel E. , King Kevin R. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background and Aims
The NOD‐like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a central contributor to human acute and chronic liver disease, yet the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which its activation precipitates injury remain incompletely understood. Here, we present single cell transcriptomic profiling of livers from a global transgenic tamoxifen‐inducible constitutively activated Nlrp3
A350V mutant mouse, and we investigate the changes in parenchymal and nonparenchymal liver cell gene expression that accompany inflammation and fibrosis.

Approach and Results
Our results demonstrate that NLRP3 activation causes chronic extramedullary myelopoiesis marked by myeloid progenitors that differentiate into proinflammatory neutrophils, monocytes, and monocyte‐derived macrophages. We observed prominent neutrophil infiltrates with increased Ly6gHI and Ly6gINT cells exhibiting transcriptomic signatures of granulopoiesis typically found in the bone marrow. This was accompanied by a marked increase in Ly6cHI monocytes differentiating into monocyte‐derived macrophages that express transcriptional programs similar to macrophages of NASH models. NLRP3 activation also down‐regulated metabolic pathways in hepatocytes and shifted hepatic stellate cells toward an activated profibrotic state based on expression of collagen and extracellular matrix regulatory genes.

Conclusions
These results define the single cell transcriptomes underlying hepatic inflammation and fibrosis precipitated by NLRP3 activation. Clinically, our data support the notion that NLRP3‐induced mechanisms should be explored as therapeutic target in NASH‐like inflammation.
The association between number of repeat cesarean deliveries and adverse outcomes among low‐risk pregnancies
Authors: Backley Sami , Chen Han‐Yang , Sibai Baha M. , Chauhan Suneet P. , Fishel Bartal Michal 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes among low‐risk pregnancies delivered at 37 weeks or more by repeat cesarean deliveries (CD).MethodsA population‐based, retrospective study using the US vital statistics data sets (2014–2018) evaluating low‐risk pregnancies with a non‐anomalous singleton non‐laboring repeat CD from 37 to 41 weeks of pregnancy. Women with hypertensive disorders or diabetes were excluded. Primary outcome was composite maternal adverse outcome (CMAO). Secondary outcome was composite neonatal adverse outcome (CNAO). Multivariable Poisson regression models were used to estimate the association between number of repeat CD and outcomes (using adjusted relative risks [aRR] and 95% confidence interval [CI]).ResultsOf the 19 623 195 live births, 1 747 610 (8.9%) met the inclusion criteria and among them, 1 144 186 (65.5%) were to women who had one prior CD, 454 817 (26.0%) had two prior CD, 119 087 (6.8%) had three prior CD, and 29 520 (1.7%) had four or more prior CD. Compared with individuals with one prior CD, the risk of CMAO was higher in individuals with two (aRR 1.41, 95% CI 1.34–1.48), three (aRR 1.96, 95% CI 1.83–2.10), and four or more (aRR 2.98, 95% CI 2.69–3.29) prior CD. An increased risk of CNAO was also found with an increasing number of repeat CD.ConclusionAmong women with low‐risk pregnancies undergoing repeat CD, increasing number of prior CD was associated with a higher risk of adverse outcomes.
A 10‐year audit of pregnancies affected by diabetic ketoacidosis at the Pretoria Academic Complex
Authors: Maseko Ncamsile F. , van Zyl Danie , Adam Sumaiya 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundDiabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) during pregnancy is associated with increased rates of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. DKA management guidelines are designed to ensure optimal management and minimize adverse outcomes.ObjectiveTo determine the level of adherence to DKA management guidelines at a tertiary center in Pretoria, South Africa and report on maternal and perinatal outcomes of the pregnancies complicated by DKA.MethodsThis was a retrospective clinical record audit using the Society for Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa guidelines against documented management. Adherence to three cornerstones of therapy was measured: intravenous fluids, insulin therapy, and management of electrolytes.ResultsFifty‐six records of pregnancies that were complicated with DKA over a 10‐year period were reviewed. Mean age was 29.6 years (range 20–43 years). Thirty‐six (64.3%) women had type 1 diabetes mellitus. DKA was categorized into mild (n = 26, 46.4%), moderate (n = 22, 39.3%), and severe (n = 8, 14.3%). The study demonstrated lack of adherence to the three cornerstones of therapy. Of the 49 (85.7%) women with recorded perinatal outcomes, 30.6% had stillbirths. Severe maternal DKA (pH <7.0) demonstrated adverse perinatal outcomes (P = 0.005).ConclusionDespite the availability of guidelines, DKA is sub‐optimally managed in pregnancy, which may contribute to adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes.
Large wood in river restoration: A case study on the effects on hydromorphology, biodiversity, and ecosystem functioning
Authors: Anlanger Christine , Attermeyer Katrin , Hille Sandra , Kamjunke Norbert , Koll Katinka , König Manuela , Schnauder Ingo , Nogueira Tavares Claudia , Weitere Markus , Brauns Mario 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLarge wood (LW) is an integral part of natural river ecosystems and determines their ecological integrity by modulating hydromorphology and providing habitats. Hence, LW installations are a common restoration measure in large rivers, even if effects on biodiversity are ambiguous or unknown for ecosystem functioning. Here we quantified the hydromorphological, biological, and functional effects of LW 8 months after installation in a large gravel‐bed river. Both morphological and flow diversity increased strongly by 821% and 127%, respectively. Similarly, fish abundance increased nearly 10‐fold, and macroinvertebrate diversity increased by 35%. Ecosystem functions benefited from LW installation and increased significantly (e.g., by up to 390% for bacterial production) at sites influenced by LW compared to those without LW. Our results highlight the role of the bark habitat of LW that increased the direct effects of LW via the provision of new habitat and stimulated ecosystem‐wide processes. Our integrative approach evaluating the success of LW installations in a large river revealed cascading effects from the provisioning of new habitats, the increase of species diversity to higher ecosystem functioning. It also demonstrated that hydromorphological parameters or community composition alone are insufficient to quantify the complex effects of LW installation, which underlines the necessity to evaluate restoration success with different measures.
Controlled and localized antibiotics delivery using magnetic‐responsive beads for synergistic treatment of orthopedic infection
Authors: Shademani Ali , Jackson John K. , Thompson Charles J. , Chiao Mu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAntibiotic‐loaded bone cement beads have been a reliable passive delivery system for the localized treatment of osteomyelitis; however, low, and unregulated drug release rates limit the ability of this system to maintain therapeutic concentrations. This problem is further amplified by drug‐resistant pathogens that might invade or evolve under these conditions. Furthermore, currently available bone cements are incompatible with some antibiotics. The proposed device resembles conventional bone cement beads but contains an on‐demand drug delivery magnetic sponge that provides actively controlled release of antibiotics. The slightly porous structure facilitates some drug diffusion while further drug release may be controlled remotely via magnetic actuation. Additionally, a combination of silver nitrate and gentamicin are used in the device as these agents are shown to display a synergistic antibacterial activity in vitro using checkerboard and time‐kill assays. The device releases gentamicin and silver in both actuation and diffusion modes over 7 days. The in vitro bacterial studies demonstrate the efficacy of the released agents alone, and synergistically in combination, against Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The proposed device offers a facile fabrication process which allows control of the release profile by engineering hole configurations or manipulating magnetic field strength to provide the most effective therapy.
4-PBA Treatment Improves Bone Phenotypes in the Aga2 Mouse Model of Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Authors: Duran Ivan , Zieba Jennifer , Csukasi Fabiana , Martin Jorge H. , Wachtell Davis , Barad Maya , Dawson Brian , Fafilek Bohumil , Jacobsen Christina M. , Ambrose Catherine G. , Cohn Daniel H. , Krejci Pavel , Lee Brendan H. , Krakow Deborah 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetically heterogenous disorder most often due to heterozygosity for mutations in the type I procollagen genes, COL1A1 or COL1A2. The disorder is characterized by bone fragility leading to increased fracture incidence and long-bone deformities. Although multiple mechanisms underlie OI, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress as a cellular response to defective collagen trafficking is emerging as a contributor to OI pathogenesis. Herein, we used 4-phenylbutiric acid (4-PBA), an established chemical chaperone, to determine if treatment of Aga2+/− mice, a model for moderately severe OI due to a Col1a1 structural mutation, could attenuate the phenotype. In vitro, Aga2+/− osteoblasts show increased protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) activation protein levels, which improved upon treatment with 4-PBA. The in vivo data demonstrate that a postweaning 5-week 4-PBA treatment increased total body length and weight, decreased fracture incidence, increased femoral bone volume fraction (BV/TV), and increased cortical thickness. These findings were associated with in vivo evidence of decreased bone-derived protein levels of the ER stress markers binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP), CCAAT/−enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), and activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) as well as increased levels of the autophagosome marker light chain 3A/B (LC3A/B). Genetic ablation of CHOP in Aga2+/− mice resulted in increased severity of the Aga2+/− phenotype, suggesting that the reduction in CHOP observed in vitro after treatment is a consequence rather than a cause of reduced ER stress. These findings suggest the potential use of chemical chaperones as an adjunct treatment for forms of OI associated with ER stress. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).