bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Splat Formation Under YSZ Hollow Droplet Impact Onto Substrate
Authors: Solonenko O.P. , Mikhalchenko A.A. , Kartaev E.V. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Formation of splats from hollow YSZ droplets deserves a special attention for thermal spraying. In this case, immediately prior to particle – substrate collision, we have a drop that consists of a liquid shell enclosing a gas cavity heated to a temperature close to the melt temperature. As the drop impinges onto the substrate, it suffers considerable deformation resulting in a rise of the gas pressure and in a decrease of gas temperature. The paper presented includes the results of the model experiments carried out under full control of the key physical parameters (KPPs) - temperature, velocity and size of droplet, and temperature of polished substrate, in which the starting powder was a specially prepared powder consisting exclusively of the hollow spherical YSZ particles. The main goal of the paper is to discuss and study the possible splat formation scenarios under above-mentioned conditions.
Sliding Wear of Plasma Sprayed ZrO2 Coatings using Nanostructured Powder
Authors: Ding C. , Liang B. , Chen H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Plasma sprayed yttria-stabilized zirconia coatings were deposited using nanostructured and conventional powders with optimized process parameters. The sliding wear of both coatings against stainless steel were examined with a block-on-ring test under dry friction condition. It was found that the friction coefficients and wear rates of coatings deposited using the nanostructured powder were lower than that of coatings deposited using the conventional powder. The high wear resistance of the plasma sprayed ZrO2 coating using the nanostructured powder is attributed to its enhanced cohesion, improved microhardness and homogeneous microstructure.
Nanostructured NiTi Coatings Produced by Low Pressure Plasma Spraying
Authors: Ajdelsztajn L. , Sickinger A. , Schoenung J.M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This work describes the synthesis and characterization of nanostructured coatings produced by low pressure plasma spraying (LPPS) of cryomilled NiTi powder. Ni and Ti powders (60 and 40 wt %, respectively) were cryomilled together and LPPS sprayed onto stainless steel substrates. The elemental powders reacted and alloyed during cryomilling forming a nanocrystalline grain structure with nanodispersed oxide and nitride phases. These nanodispersoids are formed due to contamination by the milling media (liquid nitrogen). After spray deposition, the coatings presented a nanostructured microstructure with enhanced mechanical properties when compared with conventional NiTi coatings sprayed under the same conditions. High hardness and toughness values together with intrinsic corrosion resistance of the NiTi alloy lead to the formation of an attractive coating material for applications where corrosion and wear resistance are required. The ability to synthesize the NiTi from elemental Ni and Ti powders and the refinement of the microstructure achieved during milling makes the cryomilling process together with thermal spray of the nanostructured NiTi coatings a unique process and coating to be used in engineering applications. Abstract only; no full-text paper available.
The Delamination Wear Mechanism of Thermally Sprayed Coating
Authors: Zhu Z. , Xu B.-S. , Liu Y. , Chen Y.-X. , Ma S. , Li Z.-X. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The delamination wear mechanism of the thermally sprayed coatings was studied by analyzing coatings structural feature and stress distribution on the warm surface, and the influencing factors on the delamination wear were discussed. And the delamination wear mode of coating was developed. The results show that, the thermally sprayed coatings have typical aspect of lamellar structure. There are oxide layers between splats, and there also exist porosity and micro-crack in the coatings. The coating surface was subjected to alternately tensile stress and compression stress caused by normal load and friction force during sliding. In a certain depth below the surface, there exists maximum shear stress. Therefore fatigue damage will take place at subsurface of the coating under alternate stress. The adhesion strength between splats of coating prepared by HVAS is by far lower than casting material because of lamellar structure. And the adhesion strength between splats is further weakened due to the defects (such as porosity and micro-crack) appearing mostly on the boundaries between thin oxide sheets and splats. When the fatigue damage accumulates to a certain value, micro-cracks initiate at the defects between splats. Then these micro-cracks grow, connect, and propagate along the defects between splats. Finally, these cracks shear to the coating surface leading to spallation of the splats, and thus wear debris is generated. By repeating the above process delamination of the coatings will occur. Reducing friction coefficient, increasing coatings hardness and adhesion strength between inter-splats are the basic methods to improve the wear resistance of thermally sprayed coatings. Abstract only; no full-text paper available.
Investigations on Corrosion Protective Layers in Waste Incineration Plants
Authors: Crimmann P. , Bendix D. , Faulstich M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Corrosion in the hot gas area of waste incineration plants is a severe problem that often causes premature damage of components. In general, these components are made of base materials, which are not stable in corrosive conditions (boiler steel). Thermal spraying is an alternative to the most usual process cladding, which has the potential to create cost-efficient protective coatings. Until now, there are still not enough experiences about quality assurance (porosity, oxides) and long run behaviour inside the incineration plants with sprayed coatings. Since many years, ATZ Entwicklungs zentrum is involved in the development and/or advancement of materials, technologies, and applications of thermal spraying for corrosion protection. Currently, pipes, coated with different materials and different technologies are tested by different strategies (corrosion tests under laboratory scale and/or directly in incineration plants).
Charges Generation and Separation in Plasma Sprayed TiO2-Fe3O4 Coatings
Authors: Ye F.-X. , Ohmori A. , Li C.-J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
TiO2 based coatings are promising photocatalyst as they are chemically stable and nontoxic. To develop more effective photocatalyst with cost effective plasma spraying technique, TiO2 and TiO2-Fe3O4 coatings were prepared using agglomerated anatase TiO2 and composite TiO2-Fe3O4 powders, respectively. The photocatalytic activity and photoelectrochemical characteristics of sprayed coatings were examined. The photo-response of the sprayed TiO2 electrode was comparable to that of single crystal TiO2, but the breakdown voltage approximated to 0.5V (vs. SCE). The short-circuit current of TiO2 was 1.05mA/cm2, which was 15 times comparing with that of TiO2-Fe3O4 electrode under 30mW/cm2 xenon light illumination. N-type TiO2 semiconductor particle reacted with Fe3O4 or Fe2O3 particle and concurrently produced p-type FeTiO3 in plasma spraying processes. FeTiO3 compound obviously improved the photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 coating for the formation of p-n junction between p-type FeTiO3 and n-type TiO2, which may spatially separate the photo-generated electrons and holes. As a result, plasma-sprayed TiO2-Fe3O4 coatings are promising candidates for the applications to photocatalyst.
Direct Observation of Deformation and Solidification Process of Metallic Molten Droplet on to Substrate by using High Speed Video Camera System
Authors: Oki S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Deformation and solidification process of molten metal droplets was directly observed by high speed video camera system. These processes depend on the droplet property, and affect the microstructure of splats. Relationship between formation process and microstructure of splats was discussed. Abstract only; no full-text paper available.
Resin/Diamond Surfaces Enhance Microstructural Analysis of Thermally Sprayed Coatings
Authors: Blann G.A. , Lucas G. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Microstructural analysis has played, and continues to play, a key role in the development of thermally sprayed coatings. The advances in equipment and consumable technology for evaluating coatings have enabled laboratory personnel to accurately observe the coating characteristics in a cost effective manner and with great confidence. Microstructural analysis has been important in the development of new thermally sprayed coatings used for aerospace, automotive, electronic, bio-technology, petroleum and other high and low tech applications. The coatings that are being developed consist of a combination of materials that vary in hardness and general microstructural characteristics. Accurate microstructural analysis is more important than ever because these new, complex coatings cannot be produced successfully without control of the microstructure. Established metallographic techniques have not always been able to produce accurate results. A resin bonded diamond surface was developed which reduces the damage created during the grinding and lapping of a variety of coating types while maintaining the flatness and integrity of the overall coating microstructure.
The Indentation Tests for Evaluation of HVOF Coatings’ Mechanical Properties
Authors: Houdkova S. , Enzl R. , Zahalka F. , Blahova O. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Indentation tests were provided with various applied loads and indentors’ profiles to determine the mechanical properties of selected HVOF coatings. The four well-known wear resistant coatings, WC-17%Co, Cr3C2-25%NiCr, NiCrSiB and AISI 316L, sprayed by TAFA JP-5000, were tested. Besides the common indentation tests (e.g. coatings surface hardness and microhardness), the indentation fracture toughness (IFT) and Young modulus of elasticity (E) were measured using Vickers and Knoops indentors profiles, resp. From the Vickers indentation results, the IFT was evaluated in terms of 18 models for KIc determination. The big differences between results of used models were found. For evaluation of E, the Knoop indentation in three different orientations was used. The measurement results show the anisotropic behavior of sprayed coatings. Based on the measured data, the relation between coatings properties with respect to the coating unique microstructure was proved.
Examination of the Microstructure of Thermal Barrier Coatings
Authors: Steinke T. , Bäker M. , Döring J.-E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The behaviour of plasma sprayed powder particles at impact is not adequately understood so that the microstructure of thermal barrier coatings cannot be predicted with the required accuracy. This is due to the complexity of the spraying process in which the shape of the impacting particles is influenced by the spraying conditions and the structure of the previously formed parts of the coating. In this paper we present some techniques to improve the understanding of coating formation. We investigate the impact of a single molten powder particle on a surface by performing splat tests, measuring the particle’s temperature, velocity, and diameter at the appropriate stand-off distance before the spraying process starts. The measured values are assigned to the splats. SEM-images of the splats are analysed by means of a image analysis algorithm. Thus we are able to evaluate the influence of particle properties on the splat shape. In order to get a better understanding of the mechanism of coating build-up, a three-dimensional series of cross sections is created. With this kind of examination the shape of splats can be characterised in three dimensions.
Dry Ice Blasting and Water Jet Processes for the Removal of Thermal Sprayed Coatings
Authors: Bach Fr.-W. , Brüggemann P. , Louis H. , Schenk A. , Versemann R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Thermal sprayed coatings often need to be removed for maintenance, repair or recycling and are accomplished by various conventional methods such as grinding, abrasive blasting and chemical removal processes. The coating removal for repair is typically done for expensive and/or very complex parts. Parts of turbines, equipped with functional coatings, are stripped for inspection and repair as well as old coatings are renewed. When removing a thermal sprayed coating, damage to the part or ablation of the substrate must be avoided. A new process of dry ice blasting alone as well as in combination with a laser beam in a hybrid process has been approved for the removal of thermal sprayed coatings in a project aided by the Federal Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment via the Federation of Industrial Research Associations (AIF). The aim of the project is to obtain the properties for the comparison and benchmarking of coating removal processes. Comparative studies have been made with the water jet and the abrasive water jet process at the Institute of Materials Science of the University of Hanover.
AVALIAÇÃO DO SUCESSO DA RESTAURAÇÃO FLORESTAL DE MATAS CILIARES NA TRANSIÇÃO AMAZÔNIA-CERRADO EM MATO GROSSO
Authors: Moura de Oliveira Rafaella , Melzer Aquino Gabriel , Henrique Pompiano do Carmo Guilherme , De Paulo dos Santos Juliano 
Published: August 2022

Este estudo avaliou o sucesso da restauração florestal de três áreas de mata ciliar, na transição entre os biomas Amazônia e Cerrado em Mato Grosso. Onze parcelas de 12 x 30 m foram instaladas nas áreas 1 (A1) e 3 (A3) e doze parcelas na área 2 (A2). Foram avaliados o plantio e a regeneração natural através de análise fitossociológica, índices de diversidade e similaridade e cobertura das áreas por gramíneas. Um total de 1107 indivíduos plantados, 30 espécies e 18 famílias foram avaliadas, com destaque para Fabaceae, Bignoniaceae e Anacardiaceae. A densidade variou entre 752 e 981 ind./ha e a área basal entre 7,58 e 12,64 m²/ha. Senegalia tenuifolia (L.) Britton & Rose, Hymenaea courbaril L. e Inga vera Willd. destacaram-se como espécies mais representativas no plantio segundo o IVI, com ênfase para S. tenuifolia na A2, com uma superpopulação regenerante (8.425,93 ind./ha). A cobertura de copa média foi de 27,8% e a incidência de gramíneas foi expressiva em duas das três áreas. Após sete anos, as áreas não podem ser consideradas totalmente restauradas e práticas de manejo adaptativo facilitariam o direcionamento à trajetória ecológica desejável, entretanto, são necessárias novas avaliações da dinâmica e trajetória sucessional desses ecossistemas.
Palavras-chave: monitoramento; florestas tropicais; recuperação de áreas degradadas.

Evaluation of the success of forest restoration of riparian forests in the Amazon-Cerrado transition in Mato Grosso

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the success of forest restoration in three areas of riparian forest, in the transition between the Amazon and Cerrado biomes in Mato Grosso. Eleven 12 x 30 m plots were installed in areas 1 (A1) and 3 (A3) and twelve plots in area 2 (A2). The evaluation was made and the natural sociological coverage through the evaluation, diversity and similarity indices and coverage of grassy areas. A total of 1107 planted individuals, 30 species and 18 families were evaluated, with emphasis on Fabaceae, Bignoniaceae and Anacardiaceae. The density varied between 752 and 981 ind./ha and the basal area between 7.58 and 12.64 m²/ha. Senegalia tenuifolia (L.) Britton & Rose, Hymenaea courbaril L. and Inga vera Willd. they stood out as the most representative species in planting according to the IVI, with emphasis on S. tenuifolia in A2, with a regenerating overpopulation (8,425.93 ind./ha). The average canopy cover was 27.8% and the incidence of grasses was significant in two of the three areas. After seven years, the areas cannot be considered fully restored and adaptive management practices would facilitate the direction to the desirable ecological trajectory, however, new assessments of the dynamics and successional trajectory of these ecosystems are needed.
Keywords: monitoring; tropical forests; recovery of degraded areas.
Treatment Pattern of Patients with Narcotics and Psychotropic Abuse (Case Study at the Bandung Rehabilitation Clinic)
Authors: Sergeonery Lively 
Published: August 2022

Narcotics, psychotropics, and addictive substances abuse can cause addiction, which is a chronic disorder characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use despite adverse consequences. This is a concurrent descriptive study carried out by evaluating medical records and MMAS-8 questionnaire for assessing patients’ adherence. In addition, therapeutic success and quality of life were also evaluated using WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. The study took place in the period of September-November 2018 at Medika Antapani Clinic. Data collected from patients under drug maintenance was used to identify the types of drug mostly used by the patients and their treatment, assess the impact of the management, and identify factor influencing therapeutic success. The results showed that there were 40 drug abusers at Medika Antapani Clinic. The abused drugs were amphetamine (80%), cannabis (72%), heroin (35%), benzodiazepine (25%), and nitrazepam (20%). Therapeutic measures used to treat drug abuse were alprazolam in 38 patients (95%), clonazepam in 33 patients (82.5%), nitrazepam in 29 patients (72.5%), lorazepam in 22 patients (55%), and diazepam in 14 patients (35%). Drug rehabilitation patients had low adherence of only 50%. Measurement of quality of life revealed social relation as the dimension with the highest score of 69 + 20.44, with most patients categorized as having moderate quality of life. Therapy with benzodiazepine has potential to cause dependence so it must be practiced with caution.
Criminalization of Birth Certificate Forgery in Minors' Marriages
Authors: Suhendar Suhendar , Yunus Nur Rohim , Rezki Annissa 
Published: August 2022

In Indonesia, the faking of birth certificates is extremely widespread. Marriages between minors are among the factors that contribute to the falsification of birth certificates. The purposeful forgery of birth certificates is done so that a child can easily obtain permission to marry and is not restricted by laws protecting minors who marry. The study employs a qualitative research methodology that combines a literature approach and a legal approach. According to the findings of the study, the falsification of birth documents in the marriage of minors also violates the law. Counterfeiting is a sort of norm violation, namely of the truth or public order. No identity fraud will occur if the marriage is performed in accordance with the applicable procedures. Due to the lack of education and information of parents, children, and the community, underage marriage is prevalent. This is one of the most powerful causes because their lack of education and information influences their children who marry before the age of majority.Keywords: Birth Certificate Forgery; Marriage Law; Minors AbstrakPemalsuan akta kelahiran yang terjadi di Indonesia sangat sering terjadi. Beberapa hal yang menjadi salah satu penyebab pemalsuan akta lahir adalah karena adanya pernikahan anak dibawah umur. Pemalsuan akta lahir ini sengaja dilakukan agar seorang anak mendapatkan ijin menikah dengan mudah dan tidak dibatasi dalam undang-undang perlindungan anak yang menikah dibawah umur. Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian kualiatatif dengan pendekatan literature dan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahw pemalsuan akta lahir pada pernikahan anak di bawah umur juga mengakibatkan hukum pidananya. Perbuatan pemalsuan merupakan suatu jenis pelanggaran norma yaitu kebenaran atau kepercayaan dan ketertiban masyarakat. Pemalsuan identitas tidak akan terjadi apabila perkawinan dilaksanakan dengan mengikuti prosedur yang berlaku. Rendahnya tingkat pendidikan maupun pengetahuan orang tua, anak dan masyarakat, menyebabkan adanya kecenderungan untuk mengawinkan anaknya yang masih di bawah umur. Hal ini menjadi salah satu faktor yang sangat berpengaruh karena pendidikan dan pengetahuan yang tidak mereka dapatkan menjadi imbas bagi anak-anak mereka yang dikawinkan di bawah umur.Kata Kunci: Pemalsuan Akta Lahir; Hukum Pernikahan; Anak Dibawah Umur
Perseroan Perorangan sebagai Badan Hukum di Indonesia dalam kaitannya dengan Pendirian Perseroan Terbatas oleh Pemilik Tunggal berdasarkan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 40 tahun 2007
Authors: Ardyanto Nicholas , Sendrawan Tjhong 
Published: August 2022

This research is conducted to examine the concept of a Single-Member Company as a Legal Entity which is known in the Job Creation Act jo. Government Regulation Number 8/2021. This research uses a normative juridical method that feature literature studies. There are several issues related to the concept of a Single-member Company as a Legal Entity in connection with the Limited Liability Company Law. By applying the concept of the Legal Entity itself, the possibility of a Completely-sole establishment is fully opened to a Limited Liability Company, including to a non-SMEs business-scale company. In this regard, it can be said that GR Number 8/2021 which aims to limit the business scale of the Single-Member Company itself is ineffective. With this research, it is hoped that the legislators can clarify the legality of the establishment of a Limited Liability Company with full sole ownership, including non-UMK business scale companies.
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji konsep Perseroan Perorangan sebagai Badan Hukum yang dikenal dalam Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja jo. Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 8 Tahun 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif yang mengutamakan studi kepustakaan. Adapun terdapat beberapa persoalan terkait konsep Perseroan Perorangan sebagai Badan Hukum dengan Undang-Undang Perseroan Terbatas. Dengan penerapan konsep Badan Hukum itu sendiri, maka menjadi terbukanya kemungkinan untuk Pendirian dengan Kepemilikan Tunggal sepenuhnya terhadap suatu Perseroan Terbatas termasuk terhadap Perseroan berskala usaha Non-UMK. Sehubungan dengan itu, dapat dikatakan bahwa PP Nomor 8 Tahun 2021 yang bertujuan untuk membatasi skala usaha Perseroan Perorangan itu sendiri menjadi tidak efektif. Dengan adanya penelitian ini, diharapkan pembentuk peraturan perundang-undangan dapat memperjelas keabsahan pendirian suatu Perseroan Terbatas dengan kepemilikan tunggal sepenuhnya termasuk terhadap Perseroan berskala usaha Non-UMK.