bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Floodplain managers' perceptions of community flood concern, mitigation, preparedness, and response in the United States
Authors: Tyler Jenna , Sadiq Abdul‐Akeem , Council Dontá , Noonan Douglas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFlooding causes more financial and physical destruction in the United States than any other natural hazard. To stem flood losses, local floodplain managers make decisions on how best to mitigate, prepare, and respond to flood hazards. Using quantitative and qualitative data gathered from interviews with 200 floodplain managers in the United States, this study explores the extent to which local communities are concerned about floods, perceptions of communities' ability to mitigate, prepare, and respond to floods, as well as the factors contributing to communities' perceptions of their ability to mitigate, prepare, and respond to floods. Findings indicate that floodplain managers generally perceived their communities to be very or somewhat concerned and prepared for floods. Floodplain managers also perceived their communities' ability to mitigate and respond to floods as being good. Lastly, the findings show that participation in the Federal Emergency Management Agency's Community Rating System was positively associated with floodplain managers' perceptions of their community's ability to mitigate, prepare, and respond to floods.
A case of fatal fulminant fat embolism syndrome following multiple fractures resulting from a fall
Authors: Hirata Yuichiro , Inokuchi Go , Tsuneya Shigeki , Hoshioka Yumi , Chiba Fumiko , Yoshida Maiko , Makino Yohsuke , Iwase Hirotaro 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFat embolism syndrome is a life‐threatening condition in which fatty substances enter the circulation and cause respiratory distress and neurological symptoms. It can occur following trauma and severe fat embolism occurring soon after trauma is known as fulminant fat embolism syndrome. Although fat staining of the lungs is helpful for diagnosing fat embolism syndrome at autopsy, clinical and other information is needed to determine the relationship between cause of death and the syndrome. In this report, we describe the macroscopic, microscopic, and computed tomography (CT) findings specific for fat embolism that were observed in a patient with fulminant fat embolism syndrome who died soon after the injury. An 85‐year‐old woman fell from a bath stretcher during assisted bathing and died 3 h later. Autopsy revealed fractures of the left femoral neck and other bones, as well as large amounts of fat‐like material in the right and left pulmonary arteries. Histological examination of the lung with Oil red O staining showed extensive fat vacuoles. Based on these findings and postmortem CT images of the fractures and fatty globules in the pulmonary arteries detected prior to death, the cause of death was determined to be blunt force trauma, with fat embolism syndrome playing a significant role. This case is an example of fulminant fat embolism, which can be fatal in a short period of time, and demonstrates that CT performed postmortem but before autopsy can be useful in detecting fat embolism syndrome due to trauma.
A framework for quantifying soundscape diversity using Hill numbers
Authors: Luypaert Thomas , Bueno Anderson S. , Masseli Gabriel S. , Kaefer Igor L. , Campos‐Cerqueira Marconi , Peres Carlos A. , Haugaasen Torbjørn 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Soundscape studies are increasingly used to capture landscape‐scale ecological patterns. Yet, several aspects of soundscape diversity remain unexplored. Although some processes influencing acoustic niche usage may operate in the 24‐hr temporal domain, most acoustic indices only capture the diversity of sounds co‐occurring in sound files at a specific time of day. Moreover, many indices do not consider the relationship between the spectral and temporal traits of sounds simultaneously. To provide novel insights into landscape‐scale patterns of acoustic niche usage at broader temporal scales, we present a workflow to quantify soundscape diversity through the lens of trait‐based ecology.

Our workflow quantifies the diversity of sound in the 24‐hr acoustic trait space. We introduce the Operational Sound Unit (OSU), a unit of diversity measurement that groups sounds by their shared acoustic properties. Using OSUs and building on the framework of Hill numbers, we propose three metrics that capture different aspects of acoustic trait space usage: (i) soundscape richness, (ii) soundscape diversity and (iii) soundscape evenness. We demonstrate the use of these metrics by (a) simulating soundscapes to assess whether the indices possess a set of desirable behaviours and (b) quantifying soundscape richness and evenness along a gradient in species richness.

We demonstrate that (a) the indices outlined herein have desirable behaviours and (b) the soundscape richness and evenness are positively correlated with the richness of sound‐producing species. This suggests that more acoustic niche space is occupied when the species richness is higher. Additionally, species‐poor acoustic communities have a higher proportion of rare sounds and use the acoustic space less evenly.

Our workflow generates novel insights into acoustic niche usage at a landscape scale and provides a useful tool for biodiversity monitoring. Moreover, Hill numbers can also be used to measure the taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity. Using a common framework for diversity measurement gives metrics a common behaviour, interpretation and standardised unit, thus ensuring comparisons between soundscape diversity and other metrics represent real‐world ecological patterns rather than mathematical artefacts stemming from different formulae.
Phenological growth stages of shea tree (Vitellaria paradoxa subsp. paradoxa) according to the BBCH scale
Authors: Konan Jacky Amenan , Kouakou Charles Konan , Allouan Kévin Philippe Jean , Coulibaly Abdoul‐Salam Krouholé , Djidji Hortense , Fondio Lassina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe shea tree is among the socio‐economically and environmentally most important plants in the Sudano‐Sahelian region of Africa. Shea butter is internationally valued for use in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and confectionary industries. Scaling and describing phenological growth stages is of great importance in crops management. However, such phenological scale is still lacking for shea tree. To fill this gap, we documented the different growth stages of shea tree by referencing to the Biologische Bundesantalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie (BBCH) scale. Eight of the ten principal growth stages (0–9) and 43 secondary growth stages (0–9) were described in shea tree. Among the eight principal stages, four were related to reproductive phenophases: inflorescence emergence stage (5), flowering stage (6), fruit development stage (7), and fruit maturity stage (8). The remaining four principal stages concerned vegetative phenophases and contained: bud development stage (0), leaf development stage (1), shoot development stage (3), and senescence stage (9). Observations of shea tree phenophases depicted asynchronous growth patterns with overlapping secondary growth stages of different principal stages within an individual tree canopy at the same time. The proposed phenological growth scale specific to shea tree but compatible with other crops is a valuable contribution for the implementation of crops management protocols and the standardisation of research between different laboratories.
Prevalence and morphology of C‐shaped and non‐C‐shaped root canal systems in mandibular second molars
Authors: Fenelon T , Parashos P 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere are no cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT)‐based data on the anatomy of mandibular second molars in an Australian population. This study investigated the prevalence and descending morphology of mandibular second molars with and without C‐shaped canals using retrospective analysis of CBCT scans.MethodsScans from 715 patients were screened for the presence of C‐shaped canals and assessed for cross‐sectional configuration at five axial levels. Non‐C‐shaped molars were assessed for other morphological characteristics. Data were modelled against patient, tooth and CBCT scan characteristics.ResultsA total of 1278 teeth from 657 patients were evaluated. The overall prevalence of C‐shaped canals was 13%. Cross‐sectional configuration of C‐shaped canals was variable, with an average of 2.8 unique cross‐sections per tooth. Non‐C‐shaped teeth were predominantly Vertucci Type II (60%) and Type IV (29%) configurations in mesial roots, and Type I (91%) in distal roots. Additional roots occurred in 4.3% of teeth and there was a significant association between radix paramolaris and distal root bifurcation (P < 0.001).ConclusionsCross‐sectional analysis confirmed the complexity and variability of C‐shaped canals. Clinicians should be cognizant of the prevalence and variability of C‐shaped root canal morphology and how this may affect endodontic treatment.
Circ_0060551 promotes the migration and invasion of cervical cancer by upregulating TPD52
Authors: Shi Qi , Ma Yuanyuan , Zhang Xiaojie , Yin Chunxia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractProblemCervical cancer has been recognized as the second most common cancer in women worldwide. Previous studies have reported that some circular RNAs (circRNAs) can influence the progression of cervical cancer. However, more researches are still required to unveil the underlying mechanism of how circRNAs regulate the progression of such cancer. We aimed at unveiling the mechanism of how circ_0060551 effected the progression of cervical cancer.Method of studyRT‐qPCR and western blot assays were used to detect the expression and protein levels. Mechanism experiments were conducted to investigate the relationship among circ_0060551, TPD52, miR‐520a‐5p and ELAVL1. Rescue assays were mainly carried out to verify how circ_0060551 influenced the migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells.ResultsAccording to the results, circ_0060551 was upregulated in cervical cancer cells and could promote the migration and invasion of cells via TPD52. In addition, circ_0060551 could up‐regulate TPD52 expression through a ceRNA model to target miR‐520a‐5p. Moreover, circ_0060551 could stabilize the mRNA expression of TPD52 via recruiting ELAVL1.ConclusionOur study proved that circ_0060551 could promote the migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells.
Sperm DNA damage in men with spinal cord injury: the relative incidence of single‐ and double‐strand DNA breaks
Authors: Gosálvez Jaime , Vargas‐Baquero Eduardo , López‐Fernández Carmen , Bartolomé‐Nebreda Javier , Fernández José Luís , Johnston Stephen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundMen with spinal cord injury (SCI) show a high proportion of sperm DNA damage in their ejaculate but the underlying pathology remains elusive.ObjectiveTo investigate the relative incidence of single (SSBs) and double‐strand DNA breaks (DSBs) and DNase activity in men with SCI.Materials and methodsThis study included ejaculates of 20 men with SCI and 27 normozoospermic (sperm donors). A TwoTails comet assay (TTComet) allowed visualization of three categories of sperm DNA damage corresponding to SSBs, DSBs and those with a combination of SSBs and DSBs, facilitating accurate calculation of the total proportion of SSBs and DSBs. A subset of 15 individuals (sperm donors and SCI patients) was used to test for DNase activity in the seminal plasma.ResultsWhile the proportion of DSBs in men with SCI (median‐57.5%) was higher (P = 0.000) than normozoospermic samples (median‐4.6%), the proportion of SSBs was higher (P = 0.022) in the normozoospermic ejaculates (median‐6.0%) compared to men with SCI (median‐2.5%). The relative proportion of the total DSBs with respect to the total SSBs was 3.3× in men with SCI but 0.9× in normozoospermic samples. We further confirmed the high DNase activity in the seminal plasma of men with SCI.DiscussionThe TTComet assay provided new insights to the pathology of sperm DNA in men with SCI and may have diagnostic value in developing sperm selection methodologies to reduce DSBs prior to ART.ConclusionMen with SCI are characterized by a high proportion of sperm with DSBs and high levels of DNase activity in the seminal plasma compared to normozoospermic men.
Efficacy and safety of new oral anticoagulants combined with antiplatelet drugs in the treatment of coronary heart disease: Systematic evaluation and meta‐analysis
Authors: Saiyitijiang Alimila , Aizezi Mayila , Zhao Ying , Gao Ying 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the efficacy and safety of antiplatelet drugs combined with new oral anticoagulants (noac) in the treatment of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAD).MethodsThe randomized controlled trials of noac combined with antiplatelet therapy in Cochrane, CNKI, PubMed, EMBASE, Wanfang, Google Scholar, and Baidu library were searched using the literature database. Two researchers independently searched and screened to ensure the consistency of the results, and the literature was summarized and analyzed by Revman 5.3 software.ResultsFive research results were included. The results showed that the incidence of mace [95% CI 0.75–0.95, or = 0.84,p = .04], the incidence of major and minor bleeding [95% CI 1.25–5.16, or = 2.54,p = .01], the mortality of cardiovascular disease [95% CI 0.78–0.96, or = 0.86, p = .05], the total mortality [95% CI 0.79–0.95, or = 0.87, p = .003], and the incidence of myocardial infarction in patients with CAD treated with noac and antiplatelet drugs [95% CI 0.77–0.95, or = 0.85, p = .004] was lower than that treated with antiplatelet drugs alone, and the difference was statistically significant (p < .05); the incidence of fatal bleeding [95% CI 0.81–2.08, or = 1.30, p = .28], the incidence of stroke [95% CI 0.50–1.03, or = 0.71, p = .07], and the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage [95% CI 1.02–2.56, or = 1.61, p = .06]. There was no significant difference with antiplatelet drugs alone (p > .05).ConclusionNoac combined with antiplatelet drugs can reduce mace, total mortality, the incidence of myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular mortality in patients with CAD, but may increase the risk of bleeding.
Mitigation of postoperative urinary retention among total joint replacement patients using the ERAS protocol and applying risk‐stratified catheterization
Authors: Peng Hui‐ming , Tong Bing‐du , Li Ye , Wang Wei , Li Wen‐li , Gao Na 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundsWe intended to identify the incidence and risk factors (RFs) for Postoperative urinary retention (POUR) after applying a risk‐stratified catheterization optimization method in enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS)‐total joint arthroplasty (TJA).MethodsA total of 381 patients were prospectively monitored for POUR. POUR diagnosis was done by a perioperative specialist. Data on potential risk factors (RFs) for POUR were accumulated. Univariate analysis (UA) was conducted to identify possible indicators of POUR, followed by multivariate analysis (MA) of identified indicators.ResultsPOUR occurred in 5.5% of cases, including 8 (3.4%) patients underwent total knee arthroplasty and 13 (10.4%) patients underwent total hip arthroplasty. In UA, age, sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, and the type of operation were significantly different on UA (P = 0.046, P = 0.022, P = 0.000 and P = 0.049, respectively). Other additional predictors, including body mass index (BMI), international prostate symptom score (IPSS) score, preoperative haemoglobin (Hb), duration of operation, estimated intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative fluid volume, fluid infusion volume within 24 h postoperatively were not associated with POUR (P > 0.05). MA results demonstrated that age, ASA score, type of operation and standard intraoperative placement of an indwelling bladder catheter (SIP‐IBC) were strongly associated with POUR development risk (P < 0.05).ConclusionOverall, we had a low POUR incidence in our study cohort. However, with the shift from non‐ERAS TJA to ERAS TJA protocol, it is crucial to closely monitor the male gender, advanced age, THA and SIP‐IBC, as these variables can markedly enhance POUR risk.
Can acute exercise be more pleasant? Using audiovisual stimuli: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Yu‐Bu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis meta‐analytic study aimed to examine the effects of audiovisual stimuli on affective responses during and after exercise and their moderators. A total of 296 effect sizes (Hedge's g) were extracted from 46 independent studies covering 1292 participants. Meta‐analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta‐Analysis Version 3.3, and potential moderating variables were analysed using univariate meta‐regression models. Audiovisual stimuli increased affective valence during (g = 0.793, 95% CI [0.666, 0.920]) and after exercise (g = 0.792, 95% CI [0.567, 1.016]), and arousal during (g = 0.920, 95% CI [0.742 1.097]) and after exercise (g = 0.666, 95% CI [0.390, 0.962]). There may be publication bias in the meta‐analysis, but the main findings are still valid. The type of audiovisual stimuli (audio‐video > audio or video), exercise habits (active > not reported), and exercise intensities (self‐selected > imposed) moderated the effects. In conclusion, the application of audiovisual stimuli during exercise can elicit positive affective responses. These results provide a viable intervention strategy for exercise and health practitioners to reduce the number of physically inactive individuals and improve exercise compliance and adherence.
Feasibility of delayed anastomosis for long gap esophageal atresia in the neonatal period using internal traction and indocyanine green‐guided near‐infrared fluorescence
Authors: Onishi Shun , Muto Mitsuru , Yamada Koji , Murakami Masakazu , Kedoin Chihiro , Nagano Ayaka , Matsui Mayu , Sugita Koshiro , Yano Keisuke , Harumatsu Toshio , Yamada Waka , Masuya Ryuta , Kawano Takafumi , Ieiri Satoshi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionManagement of neonates with long gap esophageal atresia (LGEA) is one of the most challenging situations facing pediatric surgeons. Delayed anastomosis after internal traction for esophageal lengthening was reported as a useful technique for long gap cases. Additionally, the use of near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green (ICG) has gained popularity in pediatric surgery, especially for blood perfusion validation. We report a novel technique for safe and secure anastomosis for LGEA in the neonatal period using internal traction and ICG‐guided NIR fluorescence.Patient and Surgical TechniqueA pregnant woman with polyhydramnios was admitted to the department of obstetrics in our hospital. At 29 weeks of gestation, ultrasound showed mild polyhydramnios and absence of the fetal stomach. A male neonate was born at 38 weeks of gestation with 21 trisomy. EA (Gross type A) was diagnosed based on an X‐ray study that showed the absence of gastric bubble with a nasogastric tube showing the “coil‐up” sign. Thoracoscopic internal traction and laparoscopic gastrostomy were performed on day 4 after birth. We confirmed the distance between the upper pouch and lower pouch on X‐ray. On day 16 after birth, thoracoscopic anastomosis was performed. We successfully performed esophageal anastomosis without tearing the esophageal wall. Blood perfusion of the upper and lower pouch was validated after anastomosis using ICG‐guided NIR fluorescence.ConclusionDelayed anastomosis for LGEA in the neonatal period using internal traction and ICG‐guided NIR fluorescence is safe and feasible.
Estimates of genetic parameters for adenosine triphosphate‐related compounds at different aging periods and NT5E genotypes in Japanese Black beef
Authors: Komatsu Tomohiko , Toita Tsuyoshi , Uemoto Yoshinobu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPrevious studies on Japanese Black beef showed that single nucleotide polymorphisms in the ecto‐5′‐nucleotidase (NT5E) gene affected the degradation rate of inosine 5′‐monophosphate (IMP), which has contributed to the umami taste, especially between Postmortem Days 4 and 7. Therefore, this study estimated the genetic parameters of IMP and its degradation products on Postmortem Days 4 and 7 using the model with or without the NT5E genotype. The heritability estimates of IMP on Postmortem Days 4 and 7 were moderate by the model without the NT5E genotype (0.44 and 0.32, respectively). When the NT5E genotype was included in the model, the heritability of IMP on Postmortem Day 4 did not change, whereas that on Day 7 decreased from 0.32 to 0.08. The genetic correlation of IMP between Postmortem Days 4 and 7 was highly positive using the model with the NT5E genotype. Regarding the estimated breeding values (EBVs) of IMP, the ranking of EBVs among NT5E genotypes was not changed between Postmortem Days 4 and 7, when the model with the NT5E genotype was used. The study suggested that the model including NT5E genotype would allow for appropriate genetic parameter estimation and breeding value evaluation in adenosine triphosphate‐related compounds (ATPRCs) under different aging periods.
Do we become better prescribers after graduation: A 1‐year international follow‐up study among junior doctors
Authors: Donker Erik M. , Brinkman David J. , van Rosse Floor , Janssen Ben , Knol Wilma , Dumont Glenn , Jorens Philippe G. , Dupont Alain , Christiaens Thierry , van Smeden Jeroen , de Waard‐Siebinga Itte , Peeters Laura E. J. , Goorden Ronald , Hessel Marleen , Lissenberg‐Witte Birgit , Richir Milan , van Agtmael Michiel A. , Kramers Cornelis , Tichelaar Jelle ,   the Education committee of the Dutch Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Biopharmacy
Published: June 2022

AimThe aim of this study was to investigate how the prescribing knowledge and skills of junior doctors in the Netherlands and Belgium develop in the year after graduation. We also analysed differences in knowledge and skills between surgical and nonsurgical junior doctors.MethodsThis international, multicentre (n = 11), longitudinal study analysed the learning curves of junior doctors working in various specialties via three validated assessments at about the time of graduation, and 6 months and 1 year after graduation. Each assessment contained 35 multiple choice questions (MCQs) on medication safety (passing grade ≥85%) and three clinical scenarios.ResultsIn total, 556 junior doctors participated, 326 (58.6%) of whom completed the MCQs and 325 (58.5%) the clinical case scenarios of all three assessments. Mean prescribing knowledge was stable in the year after graduation, with 69% (SD 13) correctly answering questions at assessment 1 and 71% (SD 14) at assessment 3, whereas prescribing skills decreased: 63% of treatment plans were considered adequate at assessment 1 but only 40% at assessment 3 (P < .001). While nonsurgical doctors had similar learning curves for knowledge and skills as surgical doctors (P = .53 and P = .56 respectively), their overall level was higher at all three assessments (all P < .05).ConclusionThese results show that junior doctors' prescribing knowledge and skills did not improve while they were working in clinical practice. Moreover, their level was under the predefined passing grade. As this might adversely affect patient safety, educational interventions should be introduced to improve the prescribing competence of junior doctors.