bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical Simulation Study of the Water Entry Slamming on Oscillating Buoys with Different Shapes
Authors: Li Xuejian , Luo Xing , Wang Ruohong , Liu Yanjun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Heaving buoys device is a commonly used form of wave energy utilization. When encountering extreme wind and waves, the float will rise away from the waves, and then fall back to the normal working position will be impacted by water. In this paper, numerical simulation studies are carried out on the slamming characteristics of three types of floats of cone, truncated cone and hemispherical shapes, and the influence of the bottom lift angle of the floating body on the peak acceleration and the peak slamming pressure is analyzed. The CFD method was used to simulate the slamming process of different shapes of floating bodies, and the velocity, pressure and flow field changes during the process of entering the water were obtained, resulting in the main conclusions as follows : The truncated cone-shaped floating body is subject to greater slamming pressure, and the bottom rise angle has little effect on the slamming pressure and speed changes; The slamming pressure on the conical floating body is smaller, and the larger the bottom lift angle, the smaller the slamming pressure; The slamming pressure of the hemispherical floating body is stronger than that of the conical shape, but its speed after entering the water is greater than that of the conical shape, and the kinetic energy loss is minimal.
Deep Neural Network As a Tool for Appraising Housing Prices: A Case Study of Busan, South Korea
Authors: An S , Song Y , Jang H , Ahn K 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This study examines whether the number of hidden layers in a deep neural network significantly influences the model accuracy and efficiency for appraising housing prices. We provide empirical evidence that the deep neural network can achieve high accuracy with a small number of hidden layers on our dataset, which contains various hedonic variables. Furthermore, we show that adding layers does not necessarily guarantee the model’s accuracy and effectiveness of the computing time.
Equilibrium in Complete Market with Jump-Diffusion Processes
Authors: Yang Yunfeng , Wang Zini 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper establishes the existence of a solution to the optimization problem. Supposing that risk assets pay continuous dividend regarded as the function of time. It is established that the behaviour model of the stock pricing process is jump-diffusion driven by a count process. We give a characterization of the optimal portfolio by means of the value function and the equivalent martingale measure defined by the utility function. The unique equivalent martingale measure, the unique optimal consumption and portfolio pair and the corresponding wealth process are deduced. We provide a simple characterization of an equilibrium market and discuss existence and uniqueness of equilibrium in the economy.
Simulation of 2D Acoustic Wave Propagation with Absorbing Boundary Condition
Authors: Liu Zekun , Lu Tianyou 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this work we design an algorithm to simulate the 2D acoustic wave (P wave) propagation in a medium with different regional velocities. We use the Generalized Conjugate Residual (GCR) algorithm to solve the trapezoidal time integration, where for a given time step of 0.01 seconds, the error is approximately 8% with respect to the reference. We further speed up the simulation by a factor of 900 by implementing a model reduction scheme using Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD). Lastly, to suppress the artificial reflections formed when the wave bounces off the fixed boundaries, we created two virtual absorbing layers by tapering the solution of nodes close to the corresponding boundaries after each time iteration. However, we note that the successful implementations of the model reduction and absorbing boundary condition are not compatible with each other and provide explanations for why and how to combine them in future work.
Power-based Model for Temperature Prediction in FSW
Authors: Ambrosio D , Wagner V , Dessein G , Tongne A , Fazzini M , Garnier C , Cahuc O 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper describes a thermal numerical model accessible to all users for predicting temperature in friction stir welding from the power, material thermal properties, process parameters, tool, and plate dimensions. Starting with the information obtained from the machine, power or torque, the heat flux is modeled as a circular moving source with a diameter equal to that of the shoulder. The model calibrated in a specific setup (CNC machine) successfully predicted without recalibration the weld temperature field in another one (robot). The simple thermal model was applied without recalibration to data available in the literature to test its effectiveness. The results obtained with this model are promising, although more tests are needed to cover all possible varieties of tool geometries and material thickness. If extended over a broader range of configurations (i.e., process parameters and tool-workpiece geometries), it could be a handy tool for all FSW users. The tool may help study the thermal cycles in the heat affected zone that influence final mechanical properties and make it easier to identify optimal parameters if the desired optimal peak temperatures are determined.
Law of Gravity Blurred by Perturbed Planetary Orbits for Alien Observers
Authors: Wang Jessie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The Fermi paradox is the contradiction between the high probability for aliens and its lack of evidence. This is perhaps the most significant of all questions in astronomy. Nowadays, thousands of exoplanets have been detected, providing us more information directly from alien planets to revisit Fermi paradox. Over recent years, the detection of habitable exoplanets has grown rapidly, and most of them in multi-planet system with fairly compact structures, which is partly due to our observational techniques. In such systems, planets’ orbits are significantly perturbed by gravitational interactions from each other. To travel within or out of a planetary system, one must understand the law governing planetary motion, but can extraterrestrials deduce the universal law of gravitation by observing planets in their system, as Johannes Kepler and Isaac Newton had done? Here we show that due to the close planetary orbits in systems hosting habitable exoplanets, planetary orbits significantly deviate from the Keplerian orbit. In our N-body simulation over a period of 300 days, out of the ten planetary systems which all include habitable exoplanets in our sample, the mean anomaly deviates from a Keplerian orbit by more than 5 degrees while the system remains stable as the semi-major axis remains relatively constant. This would significantly complicate what the observers on those planets observe as the motion in the system would not appear to have a pattern periodically. Although planets indeed affect each other in all systems, the compact nature of these systems have magnified the effect and provide no way for the extraterrestrials inhabiting those planets to discover the universal law of gravitation. Extraterrestrials lacking the law of gravity definitely cannot facilitate traveling beyond their planets. That could be one possible resolution of Fermi paradox, reducing the population of high-developed civilization in Universe.
Meshing Simulation of Face-Gear Drives using Multibody Dynamics Software
Authors: Lee C K , Hsieh C L , Lin P C , Wang C Y 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper aims to conduct the meshing simulation of two designs of face-gear drives (FGDs) by using the multibody dynamics software, SolidWorks motion. The pinion in the original design of FGD is not provided with any crowning modification, but the pinion in the improved design of FGD is provided with both profile and longitudinal crowning modifications. The results obtained by the meshing simulation show that the edge contact phenomenon greatly reduces the transmission stability of the original design. By giving the pinion a convex dressing in two directions, the transmission stability can be largely improved. The fluctuation in angular velocity and angular acceleration of the improved design of FGD is obviously lower than those of the original design.
Muon track reconstruction in a segmented bolometric array using multi-objective optimization
Authors: Yocum J. , Mayer D. , Ouellet J.L. , Winslow L. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Recent advances in segmented solid-state detector arrays for
rare-event searches have allowed the technology to approach the
ton-scale in detector mass and the scale of meters in size. Often
focused around searches for neutrinoless double-beta decay or direct
dark matter detection, such experiments also have the capability to
search for exotic particles that leave track-like signatures across
their volume. However, the segmented nature of such detector arrays
often sets the spatial resolution and makes the problem of
reconstructing track-like paths non-trivial. In this paper, we
present an algorithm that improves reconstruction of track-like
events in segmented detectors using multi-objective optimization —
a computational technique that optimizes more than one cost function
at a time without specifying a quantitative weighting between
them. Such a technique allows the reconstruction of tracks through a
detector and the determination of path-lengths through individual
elements. When combined with the reconstructed energy depositions in
each element this allows for a calculation of the stopping power of
track-like particles and opens the door to searches for particles
with abnormal stopping power like monopoles or lightly-ionizing
particles (LIPs). Results are presented which evaluate the precision
of the reconstruction tools as they currently stand against Monte
Carlo generated data. The algorithm is presented in the context of
the CUORE experiment, but has applications to other segmented
calorimeter detectors.
Mercury in soils of the conterminous United States: patterns and pools
Authors: Olson Connor I , Geyman Benjamin M , Thackray Colin P , Krabbenhoft David P , Tate Michael T , Sunderland Elsie M , Driscoll Charles T 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Soils account for the largest global mercury reservoirs, but observations are sparse in many regions. The accumulation and turnover of mercury in soils determines whether they act as an atmospheric source or sink. Here, we present a spatial analysis of soil mercury from a large soil survey (three horizons, ∼4800 sites) across the conterminous United States conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey. Soil mercury pools were calculated for 11 layers, cumulatively representing the top 1 m of soil, and totaling 158 ± 2 Gg (±SD) of mercury (20.3 ± 0.2 mg m−2). Mercury areal density was greatest in mixed forest (27.3 ± 0.5 mg m−2), cropland (25.3 ± 0.3 mg m−2), and deciduous forest (25.6 ± 0.5 mg m−2) ecosystems and lowest in barren (13.5 ± 0.3 mg m−2) and shrubland (12.6 ± 0.2 mg m−2) ecosystems. Assessment of the provenance of soil mercury using bedrock titanium normalization suggests that 62%–95% of soil mercury is unexplained by parental sources.
Catalytic Gaussian thermal operations
Authors: Yadin Benjamin , Jee Hyejung H , Sparaciari Carlo , Adesso Gerardo , Serafini Alessio 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We examine the problem of state transformations in the framework of Gaussian thermal resource theory in the presence of catalysts. To this end, we introduce an expedient parametrisation of covariance matrices in terms of principal mode temperatures and asymmetries, and consider both weak and strong catalytic scenarios. We show that strong catalysts (where final correlations with the system are forbidden) are useless for the single mode case, in that they do not expand the set of states reachable from a given initial state through Gaussian thermal operations. We then go on to prove that weak catalysts (where final correlations with the system are allowed) are instead capable of reaching more final system states, and determine exact conditions for state transformations of a single mode in their presence. Next, we derive necessary conditions for Gaussian thermal state transformations holding for any number of modes, for strong catalysts and approximate transformations, and for weak catalysts with and without the addition of a thermal bath. We discuss the implications of these results for devices operating with Gaussian elements.
Estimating the spectral density of unstable scars
Authors: Lippolis D 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In quantum chaos, the spectral statistics generally follows the predictions of random matrix theory (RMT). A notable exception is given by scar states, that enhance probability density around unstable periodic orbits of the classical system, therefore causing significant deviations of the spectral density from RMT expectations. In this work, the problem is considered of both RMT-ruled and scarred chaotic systems coupled to an opening. In particular, predictions are derived for the spectral density of a chaotic Hamiltonian scattering into a single- or multiple channels. The results are tested on paradigmatic quantum chaotic maps on a torus. The present report develops the intuitions previously sketched in Lippolis (2019 EuroPhys. Lett. 126 10003).
Differences in stream responsiveness between a tropical montane cloud forest and a tropical lowland rainforest
Authors: Nainar A , Kuraji K , Cleophas F , Justine V T , Maidin N , Kamlun K U , Bidin K , Majuakim L , Hassan R , Mahali M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Tropical Montane Cloud Forests (TMCF) have unique hydrology considering their high moisture, steep headwater terrain, shallow soils, frequent precipitation, and the presence of horizontal precipitation. While the hydrology of Tropical Lowland Rainforests (TLRF) has been given due attention, TMCF in Malaysia have been less explored. This study compares stream responsiveness and peak flow dynamics between TLRF (substation Inobong, 5.33 ha) and TMCF (substation Alab, 8.53 ha) in Crocker Range, Sabah, Malaysia. Streams in both study site were instrumented with water level sensors and dataloggers, and meteorological stations that records data at 10-minute intervals. Two hydrograph metrices namely T
res (time taken from start of precipitation to hydrograph initiation) and T
peak (time taken from start of hydrograph response to peak discharge) were assessed via a combination of the Mann-Whitney test and ANCOVA. TMCF took a longer time to achieve peak water level (mean T
peak=143 mins) compared to TLRF (mean T
peak=118 mins). Average rainfall intensity (P
i) was negatively correlated with T
peak. T
res was higher in TMCF (mean=141 mins) than in TLRF (mean=51 mins) and was not affected by P or P
i. Understanding such hydrological dynamics in TMCF is important for better headwater resource management and for flood prevention.
Estimating soil organic carbon at Takasago UNIMAS Educational Forest for forest rehabilitation
Authors: Wasli M E , Laujang N N C , Meekiong K , Nahrawi H , Shabdin Z , Elias H , Mohd Raffi M A , Sidi M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) has long been known as an indicator of soil health. This study aims to estimate the amount of SOC at Takasago-UNIMAS Educational Forest, a post-construction site, for forest rehabilitation. Since 2018, rehabilitation approaches have been conducted in the UNIMAS campus to restore these land areas via enrichment planting. The estimation of SOC was conducted at three sites; Secondary Forest (SF), Enrichment Planting site (2018) (EP18) and Enrichment Planting site (2019) (EP19). In each study plot, soil samples from different depths were collected for further analysis. Our findings showed that the soils in SF portray the highest amount of Total Carbon and Nitrogen, suggesting that this site may not have been considerably affected due to the past land use. Moreover, the estimation of SOC in all sites indicated that SF shows the highest mean at 2007.0 g/m2 at the soil depth of 0-30cm, followed by EP18 and EP19. From the estimation, it can be concluded that although the period of establishment in EP18 and EP19 may have contributed to the lower SOC as compared to SF, the SOC estimation from this study could be a value-added option in determining the state of soil recovery and, possibly, the effectiveness of enrichment planting for forest rehabilitation.
Rapid assessment of insect diversity (Ext.), Kalabakan, Sabah
Authors: Razy J , Momin B , John L Y , Chung A Y C 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The Sungai Tiagau Forest Reserve is a Class 1 Protection Forest Reserve under jurisdiction of Serudong District Forestry Office of Sabah Forestry Department. This reserve is located in south eastern Sabah, covering an area of 7,010 ha. This study was aimed to document the insect fauna of Sg. Tiagau Forest Reserve (Ext.), as well as to investigate the threats affecting insect diversity. Nocturnal insect diversity was assessed through light-trapping from 7:00 p.m. until 9:00 p.m. for three consecutive nights while diurnal insects were documented through sweep nets and forceps. A mean 58 species of nocturnal insects was recorded from a one-square-metre of the light-trapping cloth within three different sites, with an average of 74 individuals. The mean Shannon Index was 3.84 while Simpson Index was 111.26 and Fisher Alpha Index was 178.48. When making a comparison with other forest reserves in Sabah, this reserve shows moderately low in terms of insect diversity but moderate in terms of species richness. Eight Bornean endemic species were recorded during the survey and that will be provide significant information to enhance the conservation of Sg. Tiagau Forest Reserve (Ext.) and serve as a baseline information for future research. From the insects recorded, they can be used to promote nature tourism by highlighting Bornean endemic and interesting species, such as the iconic butterfly, Rajah Brooke Birdwing. There are a few threats and issues that may affect insect diversity, including forest fire, changes in land-use and encroachment. A cooperation between Sabah Forestry Department with relevant agencies could help in addressing the discussed issues. This first-hand information on insects of the reserve can be included in the formulation plan of a sustainable forest management system as stipulated in HCVRN.
Rehabilitation of degraded forest area using dipterocarp species in Merlimau Forest Reserve, Melaka
Authors: Farah Shahanim M M , Nurcahaya Khairany M A , Zahirah M T 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The rehabilitation of degraded sites is now recognized as major issue globally. One of the means in rehabilitating degraded areas is through replanting. In this study, a variety of dipterocarp species were planted in a 1.5 hectare degraded forest area in Merlimau Forest Reserve, Melaka. The main objective of this study is to rehabilitate degraded site with commercial timber species. Combinations of slow-release fertilizer and organic fertilizers as well as big planting hole were applied as a part of the improved planting technique. In order to sustain the flora biodiversity of the site, line clearing for planting was adopted. Suitable species were matched to the topography of the site to increase the survival and growth. Growth and survival of saplings planted were monitored and data obtained were analyzed using SPSS program. After 62 months of planting, the survival rate recorded was very high which was 78% in average with Merawan siput jantan exhibiting the highest increment in both height and diameter throughout planting measurements.
Sustainable Forest Management contribution to food security: A stakeholders’ perspectives in Sabah, Malaysia
Authors: Lintangah W J , Atin V , Ibrahim A L , Yahya H , Johnlee E B , Martin R A , John G 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Implementing Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) policy has contributed to conserving and protecting the forests to remain relevant for future generations. This study determines stakeholders’ viewpoint on the relationship between the implementation of SFM and food security in Sabah. The study was conducted by distributing online questionnaires through the SurveyMonkey platform using convenience sampling methods. Most of the respondents agreed that the forestry sector is still relevant to the development and generation of the economy and revenue to the state of Sabah. Apart from nature-based tourism, wood-based manufacturing, furniture industry, and agroforestry practices, other potential economic-generation segments are indigenous forest food productions, such as wild honey, fruits, vegetables, and game animals. The forestry sector could contribute to food security for Sabah by advancing the current practices and the use of local resources of forest foods. Other prospects are integrating natural and plantation forest management programs with the generation of forest food resources. Factors that could foster the forestry sector’s contribution to food security, among others, are research and innovation, education, involvement of local communities, and the role of government policy on forestry and food security in Sabah.
Bornean Pygmy Elephant habitat usage of natural salt licks in Segaliud Lokan Forest Reserve
Authors: Sompud J , Adams A Z , Hiew S E , Maid M , Kodoh J , Mohd Sani S , Goh C , Jonalius M , Baba M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Bornean pygmy elephant (Elephas maximus borneensis) is crucial in the forests ecosystem as it plays a vital role as a forest engineer. As such, it is crucial to conduct more research to contribute to the conservation of this species. This study examined the pygmy elephant usage of natural salt lick in Segaliud Lokan Forest Reserve (SLFR), also known as FMU19B. Salt lick is vital to maintain wildlife health. This study investigated the elephant’s visitation frequency and examined its activity pattern in the natural salt lick area. A camera trap survey was conducted from November 2019 till August 2020. Four natural salt licks (C50SL, C56SL, C59SL and C60SL), and three non-salt licks (C50NSL, C56NSL, and C59&C60NSL) was selected. The data were analysed using descriptive and statistical analysis. The results show a higher visitation frequency at the salt lick area than the non-salt lick area (p<0.01). The salt lick at C59 was the most frequently visited by the elephant. The activity pattern displayed by the Bornean pygmy elephant shows a higher degree of nocturnal activity (73.3%). This information is essential for the timber concession forest managers to design the conservation work for the species in balancing with the timber extraction activity.