bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatio-temporal variations and contextual factors of the supply of Airbnb in Rome. An initial investigation
Authors: Crisci Massimiliano , Benassi Federico , Rabiei-Dastjerdi Hamidreza , McArdle Gavin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper offers an analysis of the supply of Airbnb accommodation in Rome, one of the main tourist destinations in the world, the third-largest city in Europe, by the number of Airbnb listings. The aim is to focus on the recent spatial trend of Airbnb listings, including the period of the COVID-19 pandemic, and highlight the main housing and socioeconomic characteristics of the neighbourhoods associated with a strong presence of Airbnb listings. The study is developed with quantitative methods and spatial regression (spatial lag and spatial error using OLS as a benchmark), based on data collected from the Inside Airbnb and Tomslee websites. In the period 2014–2019, the listing trend in Rome has been increasing in absolute numbers. After the start of the pandemic, the trend became negative, and the decline of Airbnb offerings is more substantial for shared accommodation. Airbnb supply is related to the distance from the city centre, the average income of the area, empty apartments, singles and the share of foreign residents coming from high-income countries. A signal of spatial diffusion of Airbnb listings emerges in the coastal area, even if they are increasingly concentrated in the historic centre, where there is amonocultureof short-term renting.
Investigating the association of psychological impacts of delay on the perceived importance of real-time information: three-stage least square instrumental regression
Authors: Rezapour Mahdi , Ferraro F. Richard 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study was conducted to evaluate the association between psychological impacts of delay on commuters and three indictors of the rail transport real-time information. The case study experienced sporadic long delay and simultaneously imprecise real-time information. Three dependent variables related to the passenger information system (PIS) were modeled simultaneously, including perceived waiting time, satisfaction, and the quality of rail transport. Given the likely correlation between the considered models error terms, the relationship between dependent and the independent variables was modeled with the three-stage least square (3SLS) model. We found, for instance, that there are significant association between the impacts of the real-time information and commuters’ gender, purpose of travel, frequency of travel, and various psychological feelings that commuters experienced. However, interaction results highlighted that the associations between experienced negative emotions and dependent variables are not stable but vary based on other predictors. For instance, the association between purpose of travel and increased satisfaction due to accurate real-time information varies based on the frequency of using the transport by commuters. Also, the association between feeling frustrated and increased perceived time due to imprecise real-time information differs based on the amount of anger the commuters experience due to delay. In summary, we found that commuters who experience a higher level of negative feelings are expected to assign a higher importance to the accuracy of real-time information, but those effect are varied based on their purpose of travels or other demographic characteristics.
Proficiency, language of assessment, and attention to meaning and form during L2 comprehension: Methodological considerations in L2 replication research
Authors: Szudarski Paweł , Mikołajczak Sylwia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study is a replication and extension of Morgan-Short et al.’s (2018) investigation into the role of attention in input processing by L1-Polish learners of L2-Spanish, with proficiency and language of assessment explored as two key methodological factors. Our aims were twofold: to investigate learners’ comprehension in different conditions with their L2 proficiency controlled for, and to examine this process when learners were tested using different languages. Data from three trials (N = 136) were analyzed: Trial-English, Trial-Polish, and Trial-Spanish, where comprehension was tested in English, Polish, or Spanish, respectively. Results showed that both L2 proficiency and language of assessment significantly affected learners’ performance, with their scores being lower in the-nmorpheme condition but only when comprehension was tested in English or Spanish. We discuss these findings both theoretically and methodologically, making recommendations on designing future replication studies and improving the generalizability of L2 findings across multiple research sites.
The challenges of long-delayed prosecutions in fighting impunity in Bangladesh
Authors: Zammit Borda Aldo , Hosen Sajib 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article focuses on the challenges of ‘long-delayed’ prosecutions, that is, criminal prosecutions that begin decades after the conflict, using the experience of the International Criminal Tribunal for Bangladesh (ICT-BD) as a case study. This issue is still an insufficiently discussed topic even though such prosecutions are likely to become more common in the future. The focus of this article is mainly on the legal and broader, transitional justice challenges of long-delayed prosecutions at the ICT-BD. The article examines how such prosecutions have had a contradictory, two-fold effect: on the one hand, they have partially broken the endemic culture of impunity that was allowed to prevail for decades in Bangladesh. On the other hand, however, they have been highly controversial and may have served to deepen alienation of the Islamist opposition in Bangladesh. The article concludes that the question of whether long-delayed prosecutions are desirable for a particular society remains highly context-dependent and, in some cases, mechanisms other than criminal trials may be better suited to dealing with the past.
The Subjective Effects of Gender Quotas: Party Elites Do Not Consider “Quota Women” to Be Less Competent
Authors: Radojevic Marco 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the subjective effects of gender quotas by examining how quotas affect party elites’ perceptions of quota beneficiaries. Furthermore, it proposes to distinguish between objective and subjective quota effects. Subjective effects were studied by randomizing information on whether politicians got into office through a gender quota. Elites then were asked to rate politicians based on an audio clip and an experimental vignette. Whereas the two treatment groups were told that gender quotas or ceiling quotas for men were employed during a politician’s election, the control group did not receive this information. This experiment was conducted in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland. More than 1,000 party elites participated overall. Contrary to expectations, being framed as a “quota woman” only has a negative impact among elites of the radical right. In contrast with the center right, the radical right is opposed not only to quotas but to quota beneficiaries as well.
Gender Is Not a Proxy: Race and Intersectionality in Legislative Recruitment
Authors: Tolley Erin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractElection to office is shaped by a series of decisions made by prospective candidates, parties, and voters. These choices determine who emerges and is ultimately selected to run, and each decision point either expands or limits the possibilities for more diverse representation. Studies of women candidates have established an important theoretical and empirical basis for understanding legislative recruitment. This study asks how these patterns differ when race and intersectionality are integrated into the analyses. Focusing on more than 800 political aspirants in Canada, I show that although white and racialized women aspire to political office at roughly the same rates, their experiences diverge at the point of party selection. White men remain the preferred candidates, and parties’ efforts to diversify politics have mostly benefited white women. I argue that a greater emphasis on the electoral trajectories of racialized women and men is needed.
Beziehungen „pflegen“
Authors: Hannawa Annegret 
Published: May 2022

Was ist zu diesem Thema bereits bekannt? Kommunikation mit Patient_innen, Angehörigen und im klinischen Team ist aus dem pflegerischen Alltag nicht wegzudenken. Sie führt entweder zu Problemen oder zu pflegerischen Erfolgen. Wie wird eine neue Perspektive eingebracht? Die Kommunikation wird häufig als die Vermittlung von Informationen missverstanden. Dieser Artikel veranschaulicht, wie diese fehlerhafte Gleichstellung gefährliche Auswirkungen haben kann. Was sind die Auswirkungen für die Praxis? Der Erkenntnisgewinn, dass Kommunikation nicht nur Informationen, sondern insbesondere auch Beziehungsarbeit umfasst, öffnet den Pflegeberufen eine ganz neue Dimension an Handlungsmöglichkeit.
Vertrauen unter der Lupe
Authors: Needham Ian 
Published: May 2022

Was ist zu diesem Thema bereits bekannt? Vertrauen fördert und vereinfacht die Interaktion zwischen Entitäten (Staaten, Völkern, Gemeinschaften, Einrichtungen, Menschen und Tieren). Vertrauen in der Pflege ist wichtig beim Zustandekommen einer Beziehung mit Patient_innen und kann deren Linderung, Besserung oder Heilung fördern. Wie wird eine neue Perspektive eingebracht? Die folgenden Aspekte des Vertrauens werden erörtert. Die Verzahnung von institutionellem und persönlichem Vertrauen, verschiedene Vertrauenserwartungen, einseitiges Vertrauen und Pflegen in Ermangelung einer hinreichen Vertrauensbasis. Was sind die Auswirkungen für die Praxis? Praxisauswirkungen werden zu allen Aspekten besprochen. Pflegefachpersonen werden ferner ermuntert, die von ihnen beeinflussbaren Einflussfaktoren auf die Vertrauensbildung stärker zu gewichten.
Erklärungsprinzip für Wirksamkeit pflegerischer Interventionen
Authors: Bauer Rüdiger 
Published: May 2022

Was ist zu diesem Thema bereits bekannt? Eine Vielzahl von Forschung aus der Psychologie und der Medizin ist durch Publikationen bekannt, die den Zusammenhang von Beziehung und neurobiologischen Erkenntnissen verdeutlichen. Wie wird eine neue Perspektive eingebracht? Für den psychiatrisch-pflegerischen Bereich entsteht eine neue Perspektive, weil die Erkenntnisse der neurobiologischen Forschung mit praktischen Instrumenten eingebracht werden und so die Anfänge einer „neuropsychiatrischen Pflege“ entstehen können. Was sind die Auswirkungen für die Praxis? Für eine Anwendung in der Praxis müsste man sich sehr viel neues Wissen aneignen, um dann die entwickelten Instrumente zu prüfen, weiterzuentwickeln und in der Praxis anzuwenden. Dadurch könnte ein neues Verständnis der Entstehung psychischer Störungen und der Wirksamkeit der pflegerischen Arbeit beschrieben werden.
Can Targeted Source Information Be Extracted From Superimposed Magnetic Anomalies?
Authors: Zhu Dan , Hu Xiangyun , Liu Shuang , Li Hongwei , Zuo Boxin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMagnetic anomalies commonly contain anomalies generated by crustal rocks that have variable mineral compositions and natural remanent magnetizations. Recovery of magnetic parameters from superimposed magnetic anomaly sources is therefore important for mineral exploration and geological studies. Superposition of magnetic anomalies leads to nonnegligible errors of inversion and interpretation. Therefore, extraction of magnetic anomalies is essential for magnetic data processing; however, existing methods cannot extract magnetic anomalies caused by sources without substantial depth differences. A novel low‐rank method is proposed for extracting a target magnetic anomaly from a superimposed anomaly. The low‐rank feature of the magnetic anomaly is used to obtain the target anomaly by reducing the Schatten‐p norm of the superimposed anomaly according to the possible target source distribution. The target magnetic anomaly can then be extracted from the data generated by the source interference at the same or different depths. The accuracy of the proposed method was verified using synthetic modeling. Magnetization vector information for individual igneous rocks was recovered from extracted magnetic anomalies via 3‐D inversion of field data from Yeshan (eastern China) that contain complex magnetic anomaly superpositions. The distributions and lithologies of five buried igneous rocks, including basalt, diabase, and granodiorite, were then identified. The proposed method expands the problem of separating magnetic information from rocks in different layers with large depth differences to rocks within the same or other layers and recovers geometric and physical information for each targeted magnetic source from the superimposed anomaly.
Oxytocin as an adolescent treatment for methamphetamine addiction after early life stress in male and female rats
Authors: Baracz Sarah J. , Robinson Katherine J. , Wright Amanda L. , Turner Anita J. , McGregor Iain S. , Cornish Jennifer L. , Everett Nicholas A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEarly life stress (ELS) is associated with perturbed neural development and augmented vulnerability to mental health disorders, including addiction. How ELS changes the brain to increase addiction risk is poorly understood, and there are no therapies which target this ELS-induced vulnerability. ELS disrupts the oxytocin system, which can modulate addiction susceptibility, suggesting that targeting the oxytocin system may be therapeutic in this ELS-addiction comorbidity. Therefore, we determined whether adolescent oxytocin treatment after ELS could: (1) reduce vulnerability to anxiety, social deficits, and methamphetamine-taking and reinstatement; and (2) restore hypothalamic oxytocin and corticotropin-releasing factor expressing neurons and peripheral oxytocin and corticosterone levels. Long Evans pups underwent maternal separation (MS) for either 15 min or 360 min on postnatal days (PND) 1–21. During adolescence (PNDs 28–42), rats received a daily injection of either oxytocin or saline. In Experiment 1, adult rats were assessed using the elevated plus-maze, social interaction procedure, and methamphetamine self-administration procedure, including extinction, and cue-, methamphetamine- and yohimbine-induced reinstatement. In Experiment 2, plasma for enzyme immunoassays and brain tissue for immunofluorescence were collected from adult rats after acute stress exposure. Adolescent oxytocin treatment ameliorated ELS-induced anxiety and reduced methamphetamine- and yohimbine-induced reinstatement in both sexes, and suppressed methamphetamine intake and facilitated extinction in males only. Additionally, adolescent oxytocin treatment after ELS restored oxytocin-immunoreactive cells and stress-induced oxytocin levels in males, and attenuated stress-induced corticosterone levels in both sexes. Adolescent oxytocin treatment reverses some of the ELS effects on later-life psychopathology and vulnerability to addiction.
Optimization of dewatering process of concentrate pressure filtering by support vector regression
Authors: Liu Huizhong , You Keshun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis work studies the mechanism and optimization methods of the filter press dehydration process to better improve the efficiency of the concentrate filter press dehydration operation. Machine learning (ML) models of radial basis function (RBF)–OLS, RBF-generalized regression neural network, and support vector regression (SVR) are constructed, and laboratory and industrial simulations are performed separately, finally, optimization methods for the filtration dewatering process are designed and applied. In laboratory, all the machine learning models have obvious mistakes, but it can be seen that SVR has the best simulation effect. In order to achieve the optimization of the entire filtration and dewatering process, we obtained enough data from the industrial filtration and dewatering system, and in the industrial simulation results all the machine learning models performed considerably, SVR achieves the best accuracy in industrial simulation, and the simulated mean relative error of moisture and processing capacity are 1.57% and 3.81%, the model was tested with newly collected industrial data to verify the credibility. The optimal simulation results are obtained by optimization method based on control variables. Results show that the ML method of SVR and optimization methods of control variables applied to the industry not only can save energy consumption and cost but also can improves the efficiency of filter press operation fundamentally, which will provide some options for intelligent dewatering process and other industrial production optimization.
Chemical property prediction under experimental biases
Authors: Liu Yang , Kashima Hisashi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPredicting the chemical properties of compounds is crucial in discovering novel materials and drugs with specific desired characteristics. Recent significant advances in machine learning technologies have enabled automatic predictive modeling from past experimental data reported in the literature. However, these datasets are often biased because of various reasons, such as experimental plans and publication decisions, and the prediction models trained using such biased datasets often suffer from over-fitting to the biased distributions and perform poorly on subsequent uses. Hence, this study focused on mitigating bias in the experimental datasets. We adopted two techniques from causal inference combined with graph neural networks that can represent molecular structures. The experimental results in four possible bias scenarios indicated that the inverse propensity scoring-based method and the counter-factual regression-based method made solid improvements.
MRI-based nomogram for differentiation of ovarian fibrothecoma and broad ligament myoma
Authors: Chen Jingya , Gu Hailei , zhang Yu , Fan Weimin , Chen Shuai , Wang Yajing , Wu Ting , Tang Wenwei , Wang Zhongqiu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCurrently, there are no effective approaches for differentiating ovarian fibrothecoma (OF) from broad ligament myoma (BLM). This retrospective study aimed to construct a nomogram prediction model based on MRI to differentiate OF from BLM. The quantitative and qualitative MRI features of 41 OFs and 51 BLMs were compared. Three models were established based on the combination of these features. The ability of the models to differentiate between the two cancers was assessed by ROC analysis. A nomogram based on the best model was constructed for clinical application. The three models showed good performance in differentiating between OF and BLM. The areas under the curve (AUC) of the models based on quantitative and qualitative variables were 0.88 (95% CI: 0.79–0.96) and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.76–0.93), respectively. The combined model designed from the significant variables exhibited the best diagnostic performance with the highest AUC of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.86–0.98). Calibration of the nomogram showed that the predicted probability matched the actual probability well. Analysis of the decision curve demonstrated that the nomogram was clinically useful. Relative T1 value, stone paving sign, enhancement patterns, and ascites were identified as valuable predictors for identifying OF or BLM. The MRI-based nomogram can serve as a preoperative tool to differentiate OF from BLM.
CT-based radiomics signature for differentiation between cardiac tumors and thrombi: a retrospective, multicenter study
Authors: Lee Ji Won , Park Chul Hwan , Im Dong Jin , Lee Kye Ho , Kim Tae Hoon , Han Kyunghwa , Hur Jin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe study aimed to develop and validate whether the computed tomography (CT) radiomics analysis is effective in differentiating cardiac tumors and thrombi. For this retrospective study, a radiomics model was developed on the basis of a training dataset of 192 patients (61.9 ± 13.3 years, 90 men) with cardiac masses detected in cardiac CT from January 2010 to September 2019. We constructed three models for discriminating between a cardiac tumor and a thrombus: a radiomics model, a clinical model, which included clinical and conventional CT variables, and a model that combined clinical and radiomics models. In the training dataset, the radiomics model and the combined model yielded significantly higher differentiation performance between cardiac tumors and cardiac thrombi than the clinical model (AUC 0.973 vs 0.870, p < 0.001 and AUC 0.983 vs 0.870, p < 0.001, respectively). In the external validation dataset with 63 patients (59.8 ± 13.2 years, 26 men), the combined model yielded a larger AUC compared to the clinical model (AUC 0.911 vs 0.802, p = 0.037). CT radiomics analysis is effective in differentiating cardiac tumors and thrombi. In conclusion, the combination of clinical, conventional CT, and radiomics features demonstrated an additional benefit in differentiating between cardiac tumor and thrombi compared to clinical data and conventional CT features alone.
Encoding tasks moderated the reward effect on brain activity during memory retrieval
Authors: Ding Qianqian , Zhu Jinfu , Yan Chunping 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPrevious studies have explored the effects of retrieval reward and depth of processing in encoding on recognition, but it remains unclear whether and how reward and depth of processing during encoding influence recognition. We investigated the effect and neural mechanisms of encoding reward and processing depth on recognition using event-related potentials (ERPs) in this study. In the study phase, participants were asked to perform two encoding tasks: congruity-judgment (deep processing) and size-judgment (shallow processing) in reward and no-reward conditions. The test phases included object (item) and background (source) tests. The results of item retrieval showed that the accuracy of rewarded items was higher than that of unrewarded items only in the congruity-judgment task, and the reward effect (the average amplitudes in the reward condition were significantly more positive than those in the no-reward condition) in the 300–500 and 500–700 ms were greater in the congruity-judgment task than in the size-judgment task. The results of source retrieval showed that the accuracy of rewarded items was higher than that of unrewarded items, that the difference in the size-judgment task was significantly larger, and that the reward effect in the 300–500 and 500–700 ms were greater in the size-judgment task than in the congruity-judgment task. In conclusion, the encoding task moderated the reward effect in item and source memory.