bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidentally detected Castleman disease of the thorax and its surgical management- A Case Report
Authors: Khanna Sudhansoo , Singh Rana Sandip , Goyal Priyanka , Mohan Harsh , Bhaker Poonam , Rana Shaleen , Sanga Sunil 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Castleman disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder, the etiology and pathogenesis of which is not clearly established. It presents more commonly as a localised disease or unicentric CD (UCD), and less often as generalised disease or multricentric CD (MCD). The most common site of UCD is in the thorax; however, UCD is rarely included in the differential diagnosis of an intrathoracic mass due to its rarity. The lesion is highly vascular and often has dense adhesions with adjacent organs, making the surgery a difficult task. We report a case of posterior mediastinal mass located in left paraspinal region which was detected incidentally in a 53-year old female and was subsequently resected successfully via left postero-lateral thoracotomy, and was diagnosed post-operatively on histopathological examination (HPE) as CD, hyaline vascular variant (HVV). This case report highlights the relevant clinical, pathological and radiological findings of CD, which may act as clinical pointers for establishing a preoperative diagnosis of CD. Suspecting CD preoperatively would guide the surgeon for appropriate surgical planning and may avoid facing such surprise on the operating table.
Bayesian Multivariate Genetic Analysis Boosts Translational Insights
Authors: Urbut Sarah , Koyama Satoshi , Selvaraj Sunitha , Neale Benjamin , O’Donnell Christopher , Peloso Gina , Natarajan Pradeep 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Conventional genome-wide association studies interrogate individual variants against individual traits. We introduce a multivariate adaptive shrinkage (mash) model that allows each variant to be modeled as a mixture of multivariate normal distributions, boosting power when genetic effects across conditions are shared, using summary statistics. We show that controlling local false sign rates accurately and powerfully identifies replicable genetic associations, and that multivariate control furthers the ability to explain complex disease. We apply this framework to the genetic analyses of blood lipid levels, principal predictors and therapeutic targets for coronary artery disease. Our approach yields high concordance between independent datasets, more accurately prioritizes causal genes, and significantly improves polygenic prediction beyond state-of-the-art methods by up to 59% for lipid traits. Importantly, we describe a framework with important implications for genome-wide association studies and polygenic risk score construction.
Experimental Determination of Lamb Wave Dispersion Diagrams Using 2D Fourier Transform and Laser Vibrometry
Authors: Barth Tilmann , Rauter Natalie , Lammering Rolf 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Non-destructive structural health evaluation of thin-walled components on the basis of Lamb wave propagation is a widely used approach. However, most current methods to measure the dispersive behavior of Lamb waves are time based approaches and are not easily capable of high automation to measure influences on the wave propagation along a wide range of frequencies. Objective: Develop and validate a highly automatable method to measure Lamb wave dispersion diagrams with high accuracy. To be able to broadband examinate influences, which have only a small effect on the wave propagation.Methods: The use of frequency based approaches like the 2d Fourier transform is a known method to measure Lamb waves. This investigation tries to bring together the advantage of the high automation as well as the high accuracy this method offers, by taking into account a non-uniform distribution of the measurement points and using particularly suitable excitation signals for high accuracy. Results: The here stated method is capable of automatically creating dispersion diagrams for Lamb waves with high accuracy, automation and reproducibility. The experimental results are compared with analytical results and are in good agreement. Conclusions: This investigation shows 2d Fourier transform as a method to create dispersion diagrams of Lamb waves is an accurate and especially highly automatable approach with high accuracy.
Identification and Validation of a Novel Prognostic Model of Inflammation-related Gene Signature of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Luo Dayuan , Feng Wei , Ma Yunqian , Jiang Zhibin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Previous literatures have suggested the importance of inflammatory response during lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) development. This study aimed at exploring the inflammation-related genes and developing a prognostic signature for predicting the prognosis of LUAD. Survival‑associated inflammation-related genes were identified by univariate Cox regression analysis in the dataset of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) penalized COX regression model was used to derive a risk signature and divide samples into high-, medium- and low- risk group. Univariate and multivariate analyses suggested that the level of risk group was an independent prognostic factor of survival. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve indicated the AUC of 1-, 3- and 5- years of the risk signature was 0.715, 0.719, 0.699 respectively. A prognostic nomogram was constructed by integrating risk group and clinical features. The independent dataset GSE30129 of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was used for verification. Furthermore, we performed Gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA) and discussed the differences in tumor mutation, tumor microenvironment among risk groups. Single Sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) and CIBERSORT results suggested the status of immune cell infiltration was highly associated with risk groups. In a cohort of LUAD from The Cancer Immunome Atlas(TCIA) that predicted immune responses to CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, immunotherapy performed better in the low-risk group. Partial targeted drugs and chemotherapy drugs for lung cancer had higher drug sensitivity in the high-risk group. The level of risk group can provide some reference significance for the selection of immunotherapy and drug regimen for LUAD patients.
High antibody and reduced cellular response in children up to one year after SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Jacobsen Eva-Maria , Fabricius Dorit , Class Magdalena , Topfstedt Fernando , Lorenzetti Raquel , Janowska Iga , Schmidt Franziska , Staniek Julian , Zernickel Maria , Stamminger Thomas , Dietz Andrea , Zellmer Angela , Hecht Manuel , Rauch Peter , Blum Carmen , Ludwig Carolin , Jahrsdörfer Bernd , Schrezenmeier Hubert , Heeg Maximilian , Mayer Benjamin , Seidel Alina , Groß Rüdiger , Münch Jan , Bode Sebastian , Strauss Gudrun , Renk Hanna , Elling Roland , Stich Maximilian , Voll Reinhard , Tönshoff Burkhard , Franz Axel , Henneke Philipp , Debatin Klaus-Michael , Rizzi Marta , Janda Aleš 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
COVID-19 course and immunity differ in children and adults. We analyzed immune response dynamics in 28 families up to 12 months after mild or asymptomatic infection. Unlike adults, the initial response is plasmablast-driven in children. Four months after infection, children showed an enhanced specific antibody response and a lower but detectable S1-specific B and T cell response compared to their parents. While specific antibodies declined, neutralizing antibody activity and breadth increased in both groups. Frequencies of S1-specific B and T cell responses remained stable. However, progressive maturation of the S1 specific immune response was observed in children one year after infection with IgA class switch and expression of CD27 on B cells and T cell maturation. Hence, the immune response in children persists over 12 months, but dynamically changes in quality, with progressive neutralizing, breadth, and memory maturation. This implies a benefit for booster vaccination in children to consolidate memory formation.
Geography and Elevation as Drivers of Cloacal Microbiome Assemblages of a Passerine Bird Distributed Across Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Joakim Rachael L. , Irham Mohammad , Haryoko Tri , Rowe Karen M. C. , Dalimunthe Yohanna , Anita Syahfitri , Achmadi Anang S. , McGuire Jimmy A. , Perkins Susan , Bowie Rauri C.K. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Empirical field studies allow us to view how ecological and environmental processes shape the biodiversity of our planet, but collecting samples in situ creates inherent challenges. The majority of empirical vertebrate gut microbiome research compares multiple host species against abiotic and biotic factors, increasing the potential for confounding environmental variables. To minimize these confounding factors, we focus on a single species of passerine bird found throughout the geologically complex island of Sulawesi, Indonesia. We assessed the effects of two environmental factors, geographic Areas of Endemism (AOEs) and elevation, as well as host sex on the gut microbiota assemblages of the Sulawesi Babbler, Pellorneum celebense, from three different mountains across the island. Using cloacal swabs, high-throughput-amplicon sequencing, and multiple statistical models, we identified the core microbiome and determined the signal of these three factors on microbial composition. Results: The five most prevalent bacterial phyla within the gut microbiome of P. celebense were Proteobacteria (32.6%), Actinobacteria (25.2%), Firmicutes (22.1%), Bacteroidetes (8.7%), and Plantomycetes (2.6%). These results are similar to those identified in prior studies of passeriform microbiomes. Overall, microbiota diversity decreased as elevation increased, irrespective of sex or AOE. A single species of Clostridium was enriched in higher elevation samples, while lower elevation samples were enriched with the genera Perlucidibaca (Family Moraxellaceae), Lachnoclostridium (Family Lachnospiraceae), and an unidentified species in the Family Pseudonocardiaceae. Conclusions: While the core microbiota families recovered here are consistent with other passerine studies, the decreases in diversity as elevation increases has only been seen in non-avian hosts. Additionally, the increased abundance of Clostridium at high elevations suggests a potential microbial response to lower oxygen levels. This study emphasizes the importance of incorporating multiple statistical models and abiotic factors such as elevation in empirical microbiome research, and is the first to describe an avian gut microbiome from the island of Sulawesi.
Notch1 protectives against ischemic reperfusion injury via suppressing PTEN-Pink1 mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy
Authors: Xu Qi-rong , Liu Sheng , Gong Qiang , Zhu Rong-rong , Liu Ji-chun , Zhou Xue-liang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundMyocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes after acute myocardial infarction. However, the molecular mechanism of ischemia/reperfusion injury remains unclear. Mitochondria dysfunction have become important participants and regulators of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in this process are still not fully understood. We previously reported that Notch1 can reduce mitochondrial lysis, reduce myocardial infarct size and inhibit ventricular remodeling. Herein, we tried to explore the downstream target of Notch1 on the mitochondrial regulation. MethodsIschemic/reperfusion injury rat model and hypoxia/reoxygenation cell model were constructed in this study. The expression of PTEN was detected by real-time PCR, Western Blot and immunofluorescence staining. The cell viability was analyzed by CCK-8. The apoptosis level was detected by TUNEL assay. The mitochondrial fission/fusion were analyzed by Mito-Tracker Green staining. Measurement of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and CK levels creatine kinase-MB (CK) were detected by ELISA Kits.ResultsWe found that PETN-Pink1-Parkin signaling is inhibited by Notch1 I/R injured neonatal cardiomyocytes and hearts, thus via inhibiting the mitochondrial dysfunction and fragmentation. With the recure of PTEN or Pink1, the protective effect of Notch1 was largely diminished. ConclusionThese results suggest that N1ICD protective against ischemic reperfusion injury via suppressing PTEN-Pink1 mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and fragmentation.
Embryonic Stem Cell-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alleviate Skeletal Muscle Injury Induced by Acute Compartment Syndrome
Authors: Jiang Xiangkang , Yang Jingyuan , Liu Fei , Xu Jiefeng , Zhang Mao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Acute compartment syndrome (ACS), a well-known complication of musculoskeletal injury, results in muscle necrosis and cell death. Embryonic stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ES-MSCs) have been shown to be a promising therapy for ACS. However, their effectiveness and potentially protective mechanism remain unknown. The present study was designed to investigate the efficacy and underlying mechanism of ES-MSCs in ACS-induced skeletal muscle injury.
Method
A total of 120 male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats underwent 2 hours of intracompartmental pressure elevation by saline infusion into the anterior compartment of the left hindlimb to establish the ACS model. ES-MSCs were differentiated from the human embryonic stem cell (ES) line H9. A dose of 1.2×106 of ES-MSCs was intravenously injected during fasciotomy. Post-ACS assessments included skeletal edema index, serum indicators, histological analysis, apoptosis, fibrosis, regeneration, and functional recovery of skeletal muscle. Then, fluorescence microscopy was used to observe the distribution of labeled ES-MSCs in vivo, and western blotting and immunofluorescence analyses were performed to examine M2 macrophage infiltration in skeletal muscle. Finally, we used liposomal clodronate to deplete macrophages and reassess skeletal muscle injury in response to ES-MSC therapy.
Result
ES-MSCs significantly reduced systemic inflammatory responses, ACS-induced skeletal muscle edema and cell apoptosis. In addition, ES-MSCs inhibited skeletal muscle fibrosis and increased regeneration and functional recovery of skeletal muscle after ACS. The beneficial effects of ES-MSCs on ACS-induced skeletal muscle injury were accompanied by an increase in CD206-positive M2 macrophage polarization. After depleting macrophages with liposomal clodronate, the beneficial effects of ES-MSCs were abolished.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that embryonic stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells infusion could effectively alleviate ACS-induced skeletal muscle injury, in which the protective effects were related to M2 macrophage polarization.
Emotional impact on children during home confinement in Spain
Authors: Sánchez-Ferrer Francisco , Cervantes-García Evelyn , Gavilán-Martín César , Quesada José Antonio , Cortes-Castell Ernesto , Nso-Roca Ana Pilar 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about important changes. On March 14, 2020, a strict home confinement was decreed in Spain. Children did not attend school and were not allowed to leave their homes. The aim of this study was to determine the emotional state of these children, as well as associated factors.Material and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using an online questionnaire sent by cell phone. This survey includes sociodemographic items and questions concerning the emotional impact of the lockdown. With the questions on emotions, two categories of emotional state were established with the variables fear, irritability, sadness and somatization: those who were less or more emotionally affected. A multivariate logistic model was used to estimate the associations between the variables.Results: A total of 3890 responses were obtained. The mean age of the children was 6.47 years (range 0 to 17). A score indicating poor emotional state was reported by 40.12%. The multivariate logistic model for poor emotional state was directly associated with having less appetite, sleep disturbances, and with parents’ beliefs that their child will have difficulties returning to normal life after lockdown. A better emotional state was associated with being an only child, access to outdoor spaces at home, having pets, and parents informing their children about the pandemic using creative explanations.Conclusions: During strict home confinement, a considerable emotional impact was observed in children as described by their parents. Specific elements were associated with a better or poorer emotional state.
Antenna movements as a function of odorants’ biological value in honeybees (Apis mellifera L.)
Authors: Cholé Hanna , Merlin Alice , Henderson Nicholas , Paupy Estelle , Mahé Prisca , Arnold Gérard , Sandoz Jean-Christophe 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In honeybees, the antennae are highly mobile sensory organs that express scanning movements in various behavioral contexts and toward many stimuli, especially odorants. The rules underlying these movements are still unclear. Using a motion-capture system, we analyzed bees’ antennal responses to a panel of pheromonal and other biologically relevant odorants. We observed clear differences in bees’ antennal responses, with opposite movements to stimuli related to opposite contexts: slow backward movements were expressed in response to alarm pheromones, while fast forward movements were elicited by food related cues as well as brood and queen related pheromones. These responses are reproducible, as a similar pattern of odor-specific responses was observed in bees from different colonies, on different years. We then tested whether odorants’ attractiveness for bees, measured using an original olfactory orientation setup, may predict antenna movements. This simple measure of odorants’ valence did however not correlate with either antennal position or velocity measures, showing that more complex rules than simple hedonics underlie bees’ antennal responses to odorants. Lastly, we show that newly-emerged bees express only limited antennal responses compared to older bees, suggesting that a significant part of the observed responses are acquired during bees’ behavioral development.
Believe It Or Not: Covid 19 Environmental Effects Are More Negatives Than Positives
Authors: Oduniyi Oluwaseun Samuel , Riveros John M. , Hassan Sherif M. , Çıtak Ferhat 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In addition to altering drastically people's daily lives, COVID-19 has slowed down economic activities, imposed restrictions, and enforced lockdown, altogether causing significant effects on the environment. Studying the direction, magnitude, and durability of these effects carries a serious lesson for the whole world. Preliminarily evidence suggests that COVID-19 has temporarily improved air quality, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and noise pollution, yet, due to lock-down, the flourishing of delivery services has pulled up the single-use plastics, increased the usages of vehicles by a lower ratio of passengers/vehicle, and raised demand for energy. Using the approach of the Ambiental Kuznets curve, we investigate the impact of COVID-19 total cases on the monthly average of carbon monoxide emissions measured in micrograms per cubic across a sample of developed, heavy polluters, economies from 2014 to 2020. Driscoll-Kraay regressions confirm the COVID-19 long-run polluting impact by increasing monoxide emissions in countries of analysis.JEL Codes: I15, Q53
Abortitristoside A and Desrhamnosylverbanscoside: The Potential COX-2 Inhibitor From the Leaves of Nyctanthes Arbor-tristis as Anti-inflammatory Agents Based on the in-vitro Assay, Molecular Docking and ADMET Prediction
Authors: VISHWAKARMA RAHUL KUMAR , Negi Aaysha , Negi Devendra Singh 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The plant Nyctanthes arbor-tristis belongs to the genus Betula (Betulaceae family) which is used is in the treatment of many diseases like diabetes, cancer, inflammation, intestinal problem and tuberculosis in many countries of Asia. In this analysis, we have investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of various extracts of leaves of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis by the in-vitro method as the cyclooxygenase inhibitory potential. The reported phytochemical constituent of the plant was in-silico screened to find the cyclooxygenase inhibitory potential by molecular docking method. The molecular docking study of pre-isolated phytochemicals from the leaves of plants shows that compounds possess a great inhibition potential against COX-1 and COX-2 therefore, an in-vitro comparative study is required to conclude the selective and potential COX-2 inhibitor for the development of new anti-inflammatory drug without causing any gastrointestinal ulcer. Here we deliver a new strategy to design selective COX-2 inhibitor from the plant origin natural compound by using molecular docking technique and in-vitro screening of plant extract. In the other part of the paper abortitristoside A (1) and abortitristoside B (2) were isolated from the leaves part of the plant. The isolated compound possesses good activity against COX-2 and COX-1 with IC50 value (4.51-4.55 ug/ml against COX-2) which is also established by structure-activity relationship analysis.
Heat conduction effects in photovoltaic solar cells
Authors: Frenkel Ido , Niv Avi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The efficiency of a photovoltaic converter (solar cell) illuminated by a thermal source (sun) is commonly determined with Shockley and Queisser’s approach. The strength of this approach lies in its simplicity: All one needs to know is the solar cell’s bandgap, and the efficiency emerges from a detailed balance equation of the electron-hole pair generation and depletion rates at a given temperature. This article studies a single junction cell in outer space to show that a detailed balance approach is not always thermodynamically compatible. We then show that this inconstancy resolves once the cell’s sub-bandgap emission and absorption are included in its energy balance. Generalizing this result, we propose a unified formulation for a photovoltaic process that maintains its detailed balance constraints while not giving away thermodynamics’ first and second laws at all times and under any circumstances. Most importantly, our unified model allows heat conduction consideration to enter the photovoltaic analysis. Therefore, the proposed approach is critical for a single-junction cell and every photovoltaic process with an ample radiative power supply or limited conduction of heat such as concentrated space solar, thermo-photovoltaics thermoradiative, and thermophotonics power schemes.