bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combining text mining with clinical decision support in clinical practice: a scoping review
Authors: van de Burgt Britt W M , Wasylewicz Arthur T M , Dullemond Bjorn , Grouls Rene J E , Egberts Toine C G , Bouwman Arthur , Korsten Erik M M 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveCombining text mining (TM) and clinical decision support (CDS) could improve diagnostic and therapeutic processes in clinical practice. This review summarizes current knowledge of the TM-CDS combination in clinical practice, including their intended purpose, implementation in clinical practice, and barriers to such implementation.Materials and MethodsA search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases to identify full-text English language studies published before January 2022 with TM-CDS combination in clinical practice.ResultsOf 714 identified and screened unique publications, 39 were included. The majority of the included studies are related to diagnosis (n = 26) or prognosis (n = 11) and used a method that was developed for a specific clinical domain, document type, or application. Most of the studies selected text containing parts of the electronic health record (EHR), such as reports (41%, n = 16) and free-text narratives (36%, n = 14), and 23 studies utilized a tool that had software “developed for the study”. In 15 studies, the software source was openly available. In 79% of studies, the tool was not implemented in clinical practice. Barriers to implement these tools included the complexity of natural language, EHR incompleteness, validation and performance of the tool, lack of input from an expert team, and the adoption rate among professionals.Discussion/ConclusionsThe available evidence indicates that the TM-CDS combination may improve diagnostic and therapeutic processes, contributing to increased patient safety. However, further research is needed to identify barriers to implementation and the impact of such tools in clinical practice.
Influence of a sodium-saccharin sweetener on the rumen content and rumen epithelium microbiota in dairy cattle during heat stress
Authors: Koester Lucas R , Hayman Kris , Anderson Chiron J , Tibbs-Cortes Bienvenido W , Daniels Karrie M , Seggerman Faith M , Gorden Patrick J , Lyte Mark , Schmitz-Esser Stephan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The effect of a saccharin-based artificial sweetener was tested on animal performance measures and on the microbial communities associated with the rumen content and with the rumen epithelium during heat stress. Ten cannulated Holstein-Friesian milking dairy cattle were supplemented with 2 g of saccharin-based sweetener per day, top-dressed into individual feeders for a 7-day adaptation period followed by a 14-day heat stress period. A control group of ten additional cows subjected to the same environmental conditions but not supplemented with sweetener were included for comparison. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was performed on rumen content and rumen epithelium samples from all animals, and comparisons of rumen content microbiota and rumen epithelial microbiota were made between supplemented and control populations. Supplementation of the saccharin-based sweetener did not affect the rumen content microbiota, but differences in the rumen epithelial microbiota beta-diversity (PERMANOVA, P = 0.003, R2 = 0.12) and alpha-diversity (Chao species richness, P = 0.06 and Shannon diversity, P = 0.034) were detected between the supplemented and control experimental groups. Despite the changes detected in the microbial community, animal performance metrics including feed intake, milk yield, and short-chain fatty acid (acetic, propionic, and butyric acid) concentrations were not different between experimental groups. Thus, under the conditions applied, supplementation with a saccharin-based sweetener does not appear to affect animal performance under heat stress. Additionally, we detected differences in the rumen epithelial microbiota due to heat stress when comparing initial, prestressed microbial communities to the communities after heat stress. Importantly, the changes occurring in the rumen epithelial microbiota may have implications on barrier integrity, oxygen scavenging, and urease activity. This research adds insight into the impact of saccharin-based sweeteners on the rumen microbiota and the responsivity of the rumen epithelial microbiota to different stimuli, providing novel hypotheses for future research.
Autologous Skin Cell Suspension in Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: A Case Series
Authors: Pang Alan , Abla Habib , Felan Sarah , Griswold John 
Published: December 2022

AbstractToxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a dermatological process which has lacked both clear pathophysiological definition and efficacious medical treatment. This leads to metabolic dysfunction due to the inability to regulate fluid and electrolytes after the loss of skin. It is a deadly and costly disease which is associated with long lengths of stay and high-mortality rates. The depth of TEN mimics that of a partial-thickness burn. There has been documentation of successful usage of autologous skin cell suspension (ASCS) in TEN. This study expands upon our previous experience using ASCS in TEN to a series of three. Dermatology is consulted for biopsy along with the burn surgery team for wound care, where a Score for TEN is performed for risk stratification. Aggressive operative debridement is performed in the operative suite and a healthy, uninvolved donor site is harvested and processed per standard protocol. Dressings are taken down at postoperative day 4 for evaluation. The average length of stay when compared to historical data in literature is a reduction by 48%. ICU days were reduced by 64%. Cost was reduced by 54%. There was no mortality in our population of three. ASCS is both therapeutically and cost effective at treating TEN. The question of type of dressing and decision to operate is mitigated by this intervention. As an efficacious intervention, it reduces hospital stay, reduces wound cares, speeds healing, and provides a cosmetically acceptable outcome.
A passive planar model with rolling contact and its application for bounding and pronking on a quadruped robot
Authors: Huang Chun-Kai , Hu Chia-Jui , Chang I-Chia , Lin Pei-Chun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The development and investigation of a quadruped robot's dynamic bounding and pronking gaits using a sagittal planar model that captures the robot's natural dynamics are presented. The proposed reduced-order model, termed the Two-rolling-leg (TRL) model, is a 3-DOF planar rigid-body model consisting of two half-circular compliant legs with pure rolling contact. Throughout the non-dimensional steps-to-fall and fixed-point analysis, the model with feasible intrinsic parameters can passively perform the periodic dynamic behavior of bounding and pronking, revealing a relationship between the body parameters and the preferred dynamic behaviors. Dynamic bounding and pronking on a quadruped robot were initiated by developing a model-based control strategy based on the searched periodic dynamic behaviors of the TRL model. The experimental results showed that the robot can initiate its dynamic bounding and pronking behaviors at various forward speeds merely by causing the motor to track a preset trajectory derived from the fixed-point motion of the TRL model using position control. The higher success rate of the robot in stable bounding than in pronking is in line with the results from the analysis of the model. This paper confirms that the dynamic multi-gait locomotion of a quadrupedal robot can be initiated by utilizing a reduced-order model for control guidance and that the body configuration plays an important role in determining the characteristics of the dynamic behaviors.
A root functional–structural model allows assessment of the effects of water deficit on water and solute transport parameters
Authors: Bauget Fabrice , Protto Virginia , Pradal Christophe , Boursiac Yann , Maurel Christophe 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRoot water uptake is driven by a combination of hydrostatic and osmotic forces. Water transport was characterized in primary roots of maize seedlings grown hydroponically under standard and water deficit (WD) conditions, as induced by addition of 150 g l–1 polyethylene glycol 8000 (water potential= –0.336 MPa). Flow measurements were performed using the pressure chamber technique in intact roots or on progressively cut root system architectures. To account for the concomitant transport of water and solutes in roots under WD, we developed within realistic root system architectures a hydraulic tree model integrating both solute pumping and leak. This model explains the high spontaneous sap exudation of roots grown in standard conditions, the non-linearity of pressure–flow relationships, and negative fluxes observed under WD conditions at low external hydrostatic pressure. The model also reveals the heterogeneity of driving forces and elementary radial flows throughout the root system architecture, and how this heterogeneity depends on both plant treatment and water transport mode. The full set of flow measurement data obtained from individual roots grown under standard or WD conditions was used in an inverse modeling approach to determine their respective radial and axial hydraulic conductivities. This approach allows resolution of the dramatic effects of WD on these two components.
Mechanisms for high spin in black-hole neutron-star binaries and kilonova emission: inheritance and accretion
Authors: Steinle Nathan , Gompertz Benjamin P , Nicholl Matt 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
A black-hole neutron-star binary merger can lead to an electromagnetic counterpart called a kilonova if the neutron star is disrupted prior to merger. The observability of a kilonova depends on the amount of neutron star ejecta, which is sensitive to the aligned component of the black hole spin. We explore the dependence of the ejected mass on two main mechanisms that provide high black hole spin in isolated stellar binaries. When the black hole inherits a high spin from a Wolf–Rayet star that was born with least $\sim 10{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of its breakup spin under weak stellar core-envelope coupling, relevant for all formation pathways, the median of the ejected mass is ≳10−2 M⊙. Though only possible for certain formation pathways, similar ejected mass results when the black hole accretes $\gtrsim 20{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of its companion’s envelope to gain a high spin. Together, these signatures suggest that a population analysis of black-hole neutron-star binary mergers with observed kilonovae may help distinguish between mechanisms for spin and possible formation pathways. We show that these kilonovae will be difficult to detect with current capabilities, but that future facilities, such as the Vera Rubin Observatory, can do so even if the aligned dimensionless spin of the black hole is as low as ∼0.2. Our model predicts kilonovae as bright as Mi ∼ −14.5 for an aligned black hole spin of ∼0.9 and mass ratio Q = 3.6.
AGN cool feedback and analogy with X-ray binaries: from radiation pressure to cosmic ray-driven outflows
Authors: Ishibashi W , Fabian A C 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Cool outflows are now commonly observed in galaxies, but their physical origin and driving mechanism remain unclear. Active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback can potentially accelerate cool galactic outflows via cosmic rays (CR) and radiation pressure on dust. Here we investigate the relative importance of CR and radiation feedback in AGNs, and we analyse the physical conditions for outflow launching as a function of the black hole accretion flow mode. We assume CRs from AGN jet origin and consider the analogy with Galactic X-ray binaries, whereby the jet is prominent at low accretion rates (hard state) and quenched at high accretion rates (soft state). We show that CR-driven outflows can be powered at low accretion rates and at large radii, whereas radiation pressure-driven outflows dominate at high accretion rates and small radii. Thus the two AGN feedback mechanisms – CRs and radiation pressure on dust – may play complementary roles in driving cool outflows on galactic scales. The transition from radiation pressure-driven outflows at higher accretion rates to CR-driven outflows at lower accretion rates likely corresponds to a transition in the underlying accretion flow modes (from a radiatively efficient accretion disc to a radiatively inefficient jet-dominated flow) over cosmic time.
Targeted bacterial conjugation mediated by synthetic cell-to-cell adhesions
Authors: Robledo Marta , Álvarez Beatriz , Cuevas Ana , González Sheila , Ruano-Gallego David , Fernández Luis Ángel , de la Cruz Fernando 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Genetic interventions on microbiomes, for clinical or biotechnological purposes, remain challenging. Conjugation-based delivery of genetic cargo is still unspecific and limited by low conjugation rates. Here we report an approach to overcome these problems, based on a synthetic bacterial adhesion system. Mating assemblers consist on a synthetic adhesion formed by the expression on the surface of donor and target cells of specific nanobodies (Nb) and their cognate antigen (Ag). The Nb–Ag bridge increased 1–3 logs transfer of a variety of plasmids, especially in liquid media, confirming that cell-cell docking is a main determinant limiting mating efficiency. Synthetic cell-to-cell adhesion allows efficient conjugation to targeted recipients, enhancing delivery of desired genes to a predefined subset of prey species, or even specific pathogenic strains such as enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), within a bacterial community. The synthetic conjugation enhancer presented here optimizes plasmid delivery by selecting the target hosts with high selectivity.
Firearms and the State in Sixteenth-Century Italy: Gun Proliferation and Gun Control
Authors: Fletcher Catherine 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Small firearms proliferated on the Italian peninsula in the context of the Italian Wars of 1494–1559. States were faced with significant challenges in managing this new technology. On the one hand, guns swiftly became important to civic defence. On the other, they raised serious concerns about social order. Archive material from Bologna, Brescia, Florence, Modena and Rome illustrates the routes through which firearms proliferated and sometimes were actively promoted as a means of defence, for example via the development of civic militias and shooting contests. Yet state promotion of shooting skills led to a dangerous expansion of access to weapons, and regimes began to restrict the use of firearms, especially wheel-locks, which could be concealed on the person and thus posed a particular risk to public order. Rank and social status were important in negotiating exemptions to the gun laws, but increasingly those outside the nobility began to assert a need for firearms for self-defence. Guns offer a prism through which it is possible to discern significant tensions in the priorities of early modern regimes and to shed light on the processes through which, in the later years of the sixteenth century, Italy came to suffer high rates of violence.
The Origin of Lattice Rotation during Dendritic Crystallization of Clinopyroxene
Authors: Griffiths Thomas A , Habler Gerlinde , Ageeva Olga , Sutter Christoph , Ferrière Ludovic , Abart Rainer 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUnderstanding dendritic crystallization is key to obtaining petrological information about rapid crystallization events. Clinopyroxene dendrites from a basaltic rock fulgurite from Nagpur, India, exhibit curved branches with corresponding lattice rotation that exceeds 180° for some branches. This paper combines crystallographic orientation mapping with microstructural observations and compositional information to determine the dendrites’ 3-D morphology and their bending mechanism. Dendrites exhibit a network of branches in the (010) plane, following either {001}* (normal to {001} planes, strong lattice curvature) or &lt; 10–1 &gt; (weak lattice curvature). Three or more orders of branches are observed in the (010) plane, alternating between {001}* and &lt; 10–1&gt;. Side branches with weak lattice curvature extend sub-perpendicular to the (010) plane, following either {021}* (sprouting from {001}* branches) or &lt; 12–1 &gt; (from &lt;10–1 &gt; branches) and defining curved ‘ribbons’ containing their respective central branch. All branches rotate about [010], with a consistent rotation sense regardless of elongation direction in sample or crystal coordinates. Bending must therefore be caused by local asymmetric thermal and compositional fields in the melt, generated by dendritic growth itself, not by sample-scale compositional, thermal or mechanical gradients. The most likely cause of bending is asymmetric distribution of melt supersaturation around branch tips, related to unequal growth rates perpendicular to different facets. Lattice rotation is inferred to occur via preferential incorporation of high densities of [001] (100) edge dislocations of one sign. High inferred dislocation densities imply that the preservation of bent dendrites requires rapid quenching. Higher inferred degree of undercooling (based on microstructural observations) correlates with greater lattice curvature. Bent dendrites can thus potentially be used to deliver information about spatial variations in degree of undercooling and place limits on the history of a sample after dendritic crystallization. Finally, finding lattice rotation exclusively about [010] is a new criterion to identify cryptic dendritic growth stages in euhedral crystals.
Tomato receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase Fir1 is involved in flagellin signaling and preinvasion immunity
Authors: Sobol Guy , Majhi Bharat Bhusan , Pasmanik-Chor Metsada , Zhang Ning , Roberts Holly M , Martin Gregory B , Sessa Guido 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Detection of bacterial flagellin by the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) receptors Flagellin sensing 2 (Fls2) and Fls3 triggers activation of pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). We identified the tomato Fls2/Fls3-interacting receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase 1 (Fir1) protein that is involved in PTI triggered by flagellin perception. Fir1 localized to the plasma membrane and interacted with Fls2 and Fls3 in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and in planta. CRISPR/Cas9-generated tomato fir1 mutants were impaired in several immune responses induced by the flagellin-derived peptides flg22 and flgII-28, including resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000, production of reactive oxygen species, and enhanced PATHOGENESIS-RELATED 1b (PR1b) gene expression, but not MAP kinase phosphorylation. Remarkably, fir1 mutants developed larger Pst DC3000 populations than wild-type plants, whereas no differences were observed in wild-type and fir1 mutant plants infected with the flagellin deficient Pst DC3000ΔfliC. fir1 mutants failed to close stomata when infected with Pst DC3000 and Pseudomonas fluorescens and were more susceptible to Pst DC3000 than wild-type plants when inoculated by dipping, but not by vacuum-infiltration, indicating involvement of Fir1 in preinvasion immunity. RNA-seq analysis detected fewer differentially expressed genes in fir1 mutants and altered expression of jasmonic acid (JA)-related genes. In support of JA response deregulation in fir1 mutants, these plants were similarly susceptible to Pst DC3000 and to the coronatine-deficient Pst DC3118 strain, and more resistant to the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea following PTI activation. These results indicate that tomato Fir1 is required for a subset of flagellin-triggered PTI responses and support a model in which Fir1 negatively regulates JA signaling during PTI activation.
The Impact of Risk Cycles on Business Cycles: A Historical View
Authors: Danielsson Jon , Valenzuela Marcela , Zer Ilknur 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We investigate the effects of financial risk cycles on business cycles, using a panel spanning 73 countries since 1900. Agents use a Bayesian learning model to form their beliefs about risk. We construct a proxy of these beliefs and show that perceived low risk encourages risk-taking, augmenting growth at the cost of accumulating financial vulnerabilities, and, therefore, a reversal in growth follows. The reversal is particularly pronounced when the low-risk environment persists and credit growth is excessive. Global risk cycles have a stronger effect on growth than local risk cycles via their impact on capital flows, investment, and debt-issuer quality.
Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
The promise of artificial intelligence in combating public corruption in the emerging economies: A conceptual framework
Authors: Adobor Henry , Yawson Robert 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this conceptual paper, we explore how artificial intelligence (AI) holds promise as an important and additional tool for combating corruption in public procurement in emerging economies. We aim to extend the understanding of how the emergent technology of AI may be another important tool in the fight against corruption in emerging economies. We discuss how AI and related emergent technologies can help build greater accountability and transparency regimes in public procurement, a key source of public corruption. We argue that there are infrastructural, social, ethical, and political challenges to the successful use of emerging technologies of AI in the fight against public corruption. We make inferences from the discussion and provide some tentative guidelines for policymakers. We suggest that using AI as part of a program of institutional reforms in the public sector would increase technology’s role and contributions to the fight against systemic corruption in public procurement in emerging economies.
Mission incomplete: Layered practices of monitoring and evaluation in Swedish transformative innovation policy
Authors: Rohracher Harald , Coenen Lars , Kordas Olga 
Published: December 2022

AbstractResearch and innovation policies (IPs) across Europe, particularly in Sweden, are increasingly framed by an orientation towards societal challenges, missions, and transformative change. Innovation-funding agencies are adapting to these new approaches but struggle with a host of new questions and challenges on how to re-structure public policy interventions and develop new structures for monitoring, learning, and evaluation. In this article, we investigate how this IP paradigm shift is dealt with in the IP discourse and practice in Sweden and how an incomplete shift creates mismatches and tensions with existing structures for programme evaluation and monitoring. Despite the new paradigm, the implementation of evaluation strategies mostly follows a traditional ‘summative’ framing. The ongoing discussions in Swedish IP demonstrate that a paradigm shift towards transformative innovation cannot unfold its potential unless it is also followed by a shift in the practices of programme implementation and evaluation.