bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Invisible gold in the Archean detrital sulphides of the Witwatersrand tailings dumps: A large and under-exploited gold resource
Authors: Chingwaru Steve , Heyden Bjorn Von der , Tadie Margreth 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

The tailings dumps originating from gold mining in South Africa’s Witwatersrand still contain notable gold endowments. Most tailings reprocessing operations target a native gold fraction using re-milling and carbon-in-leach extraction; however, up to 50-70% of the remaining gold is still not recoverable and instead reports to a discard stream along with abundant sulphides. The mineralogical deportment of this unrecoverable gold requires detailed investigation. Using in situ laser ablation mineral chemistry measurements, we show that this gold that is ‘invisible’ to conventional recovery is hosted preferentially in pyrite and arsenian pyrite. Importantly, complementary optical and electron microscopies reveal that the rounded detrital forms of these minerals contain the highest gold concentrations (0,01–2730 ppm), showing some similarity to values reported for sulphides from primary orogenic gold deposits found in surrounding Archean-aged granite-greenstone belt remnants. We suggest that detrital auriferous sulphides have been overlooked by historical primary and secondary beneficiation, and thus represent a large (up to 420 tons) and under-exploited Au resource currently residing in easily-mined (surficial) Witwatersrand tailings dumps. We further suggest that targeted re-mining of sulphide mineral fraction has the potential to improve gold recovery, recuperate ‘sweetener’ by-product metals (e.g., Cu, Co, Ni) and directly eliminate heavy metal pollution and acid mine drainage issues associated with surficial tailings dumps.
Investigating influencing factors and risk prediction of sleep quality in maintenance hemodialysis patients
Authors: Waning Jia , Liu Yang , Wenwen He , Xulei Hao , Lu Zhang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the factors associated with sleep quality in maintenance hemodialysis patients and to investigate the factors associated with sleep quality in maintenance hemodialysis patients and to make risk predictions based on this.Methods: Using a convenience sampling method, 268 ESRD patients from a tertiary hospital hemodialysis unit in Beijing were selected as the study population. Combining patients' general information and laboratory data, the sleep status and related information of hemodialysis patients were investigated according to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Inventory (PSQI) and a self-administered questionnaire to scientifically assess the sleep quality of patients. SPSS20.0 statistical software was used to conduct frequency analysis of the collected data to count the composition ratio of each factor, correlation analysis, and binary logistic regression analysis methods to screen and analyze the influencing factors related to patients' sleep quality.Results: 268 hemodialysis patients had a PSQI score of (9.63±5.05), of which 113 (42.16%) patients had a PSQI score ≥11. The correlation analysis revealed that age on dialysis, work status, and the presence of emergency/hospitalization in the last month were associated with sleep quality in hemodialysis patients (P < 0.05); the binary logistic regression analysis revealed that age on dialysis (OR = 1.27, 95% CI (1.11, 1.46)) was a risk factor for sleep quality in MHD patients; being employed (OR = 0.56, 95% CI (0.35, 0.89)) and no emergency/inpatient experience in the last month (OR=0.41, 95% CI (0.27, 0.70)) were protective factors for sleep quality in MHD patients. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index showed that patients' corresponding sleep problems were, in order, difficulty falling asleep, need for sleeping medication, inefficient sleep, sleep duration not meeting their needs, poor daytime functioning, and poor self-perceived sleep quality, but the sleep disorder component was relatively low in severity in this study.
Conclusion: The longer the age of dialysis, non-employment and recent emergency/hospitalization experience have an impact on the sleep quality of hemodialysis patients, and targeted psychological care and comfort care should be taken to encourage them to take appropriate exercise and exercise according to their physical condition, adjust their psychological status, avoid risk factors in advance, and strengthen protective factors to help improve patients' negative emotions and sleep quality, thus improving hemodialysis patients' quality of life The quality of life of hemodialysis patients can be improved.
Prevalence of oral premalignant lesions in the area with the highest prevalence of gastrointestinal cancer
Authors: Zokaee Haleh , Samadaei Mahdis , Zahmati Amir Hossein Akbari , Roshandel Gholamreza 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background:Cancer is the most common and the second leading cause of death worldwide today. According to the previous researches in Iran, out of 131,191 new cancer cases reported in 2020, 1139 cases were related to mouth and lip cancer. The timely and prompt diagnosis of this disease reduces mortality, increases longevity, reduces damage to adjacent structures, reduces financial costs, and unwanted side effects. The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of oral premalignant lesions in the oral cavity and the factors related to it in Golestan province.Methods:In this descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study, 1900 Iranian subjects living in Golestan province, regardless of gender, aged 40 and above, participated voluntarily and randomly. Subjects included 719 males (37.8%) and 1181 females (62.2%). Initially, a questionnaire containing demographic information, assessment of habits and risk factors was completed for each patient in an interview form, followed by oral examination on all patients. Statistical analysis of data was done by Chi-square test, Student t-test, (One-Way ANOVA) in SPSS 22.Results: The mean age of these individuals was 49.5 ± 10.3 years and the highest premalignant lesions were observed in the age range of 70-80 years. Of the 1900 participants, 69 (3.6%) had pre-malignant lesions. Among the pre-malignant lesions, the prevalence of lichen planus was 49.28%, leukoplakia was 14.49%, and the suspected malignancy was 18.8%. In addition, there was a significant relationship between the use of tobacco with the development of pre-malignant lesions (p <0.01). Cigarette alone showed the highest association with the development of pre-malignant lesions.Conclusions:In this study, there was a significant relationship between risk factors such as age, ethnicity and smoking with the development of premalignant lesions in people. However, risk factors such as alcohol consumption and family history did not show a significant relationship.
Curie surface of the East China Sea estimated from the spectral analysis of satellite magnetic data
Authors: LU Baoliang , GAO Xinyu , SU Ziwang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The present work aims to estimate the Curie surface depth and its relationship with seismic activities in the East China Sea using EMAG2 magnetic data. Equitable promising geological results were achieved by applying the power spectral method to the magnetic anomalies. First, the total intensity magnetic map was reduced to the north magnetic pole, so as to correct the shape and position of different magnetic anomalies over their causative bodies. Second, the short wavelength contributions were attenuated to enhance the deeper long wavelengths related to the deep magnetic sources by means of upward continuation. Spectral analysis indicates that the Curie surface depth of the area varies between 21 and 35 km, with an average of about 27.5 km. In addition, the calculated heat flow alters between 42 and 68 mW/m2, which is consistent with the available heat flow data. In accordance with the statistical data of the seismic activities of earthquakes with magnitudes above 3.0 in the study area since 2012, the distribution of the Curie surface shows significant positive correlations with the seismic activities. The epicentral position is found to generally be located near the gradient zone of the Curie surface and in the areas of the shallower Curie depth. It is speculated that this phenomenon has a close relationship with the equivalent viscosity coefficient of the lithostratigraphy of the area, which has been influenced by temperature anomalies on both sides of the gradient zone of the Curie surface.
Triptans and ergotamine decreased the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular disease in female migraine patients in the Korean NHIS-HEALS cohort.
Authors: Kim Yonghwan , Shin Sang-Jun , Lee Jae-woo , Kim Ye-Seul , You Hyo-Sun , Kim Joungyoun , Kang Hee-Taik 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objectives: Triptans and ergotamine are commonly used to treat migraine, a risk factor for ischemic stroke. This study aimed to investigate the association between migraine and ischemic cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCVD). Further analyses were performed to examine whether symptom-relieving treatment of migraine with triptans and ergotamine reduces ischemic CCVD in migraineurs.
Methods: Participants were divided into patients reporting headache without migraine (HA), migraineurs who received at least one prescription for triptans or ergotamine (TE), and migraineurs who were prescribed neither triptans nor ergotamine (NTNE). Ischemic CCVDs comprised ischemic cerebrovascular diseases and cardiovascular diseases. Using cox proportional hazards regression models, primary and secondary analysis for risk of ischemic CCVDs was compared.
Results: The median follow-up was 6.65 years. The overall incidence rate of CCVDs was 4,728/38,590 (12.25%) in females and 3,158/23,682 (13.33%) in males. Compared with the HA group, the hazard ratios (HRs) (95% CIs) of the TE and NTNE groups for ischemic CCVDs were 1.18 (1.01–1.39) and 1.39 (1.28–1.50), respectively, in males, and 1.22 (1.09–1.37) and 1.53 (1.42–1.65), respectively, in females, after full adjustment for confounding variables. Compared with the NTNE group, the HRs (95% CIs) of the TE group for ischemic CCVDs were 0.86 (0.73–1.00) in males and 0.80 (0.72–0.88) in females.
Conclusions: Migraine increased the risk of ischemic CCVDs in both sexes, but female migraineurs treated with triptans and ergotamine were at lower risk of ischemic CCVDs than female migraineurs who did not take those medications.
A Traffic Density-based Congestion Control Method for Vehicular Communication Environment
Authors: Subramaniam Mahendrakumar , Krishnan Vanitha 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This research presents a Vehicles ID-based Congestion Aware Message (CAM) for beacon signals in the vehicle environment. The MAC protocol of the vehicle environment and enhanced vehicle ID-based analysis model is given. With the automobile ID embedded in their separate CAMs, the model weights the randomized back-off numbers chosen by cars engaging in the back-off procedure. That leads to identifying a vehicle ID-based randomized back-off code, which reduces the likelihood of a collision due to the identical back-off number. A Traffic Density-Based Congestion Control Algorithm (TDCCA) is suggested in this research. The revised mathematical approach surpasses the previous work's overall packet latency because the congestion control is based on the network traffic. The study includes a congestion management method that adjusts the rate of CAM transmitted over the host controller to improve the efficiency of the model parameters. The technique considers various circumstances, from nonsaturated to substantially saturated networks (in terms of congestion probability) and sparsely dispersed and teemed networks (in the form of vehicular intensity). The technique is run across various automobile ID-based back-off values for results analysis. The simulation outcomes in terms of packet delivery ratio, energy consumption, delay, success rate, and collision ensure the effectiveness of the TDCCA method. Even at high traffic densities, the automobile ID-based CAM method outperforms the typical fixed CAM with IEEE 802.11p, according to simulation findings for all back-off figures.
Stationary distribution of a reaction-diffusion hepatitis B virus infection model driven by Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process
Authors: Liang Guizhen , Chang Kangkang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate a reaction-diffusion hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection model with mean-reverting Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. For the model, the existence and uniqueness of the positive solution are proved, and the sufficient conditions is given of stationary distribution of solution. Finally, the existence of the stationary distribution is verified by numerical simulation, and the influence of noise intensity on disease was given. At the same time, it can also be observed that infected cells and viruses are susceptible to stochastic factors. Therefore, in order to better control the development of the disease, external interference of viruses and infected cells can be avoided or reduced as much as possible.
Outcomes of patients with exomphalos and associated congenital heart diseases
Authors: Elhedai Huzeifa , Arul G Suren , Yong Sanfui , Nagakumar Prasad , Kanthimathinathan Hari Krishnan , Jester Ingo , Chaudhari Milind , Jones Timothy J , Stumper Oliver , Seale Anna N 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Exomphalos is an anterior abdominal wall defect resulting in herniation of contents into the umbilical cord. Severe associated chromosomal anomalies and congenital heart disease (CHD) are known to influence mortality, but it is not clear which cardiac anomalies have the greatest impact on survival. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of the treatment and outcome of patients with exomphalos over a 30-year period (1990–2020), with a focus on those with the combination of exomphalos major and major CHD (EMCHD). Results: There were 123 patients with exomphalos identified, 59 (48%) had exomphalos major (ExoMaj) (defect > 5 cm or containing liver), and 64 (52%) exomphalos minor (ExoMin). In the ExoMaj group; 17% had major CHD (10/59), M: F 28:31, 29% premature (< 37 weeks, 17/59) and 14% had low birth-weight (< 2.5 kg, 8/59). The 5-year survival was 20% in the EMCHD group versus 90% in the ExoMaj with minor or no CHD [p < 0.0001]. Deaths in the EMCHD had mainly right heart anomalies and all of them required mechanical ventilation for pulmonary hypoplasia prior to cardiac intervention. In contrast, survivors did not require mechanical ventilation prior to cardiac intervention. Conclusion: EMCHD is associated with high mortality. The most significant finding was high mortality in those with right heart anomalies in combination with pulmonary hypoplasia, especially if pre-intervention mechanical ventilation is required.
Predicting postoperative delirium after hip arthroplasty for elderly patients using machine learning
Authors: Chen Daiyu , Wang Weijia , Wang Siqi , Tan Minghe , Su Song , Wu Jiali , Yang Jun , Li Qingshu , Tang Yong , Cao Jun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common and severe complication after hip arthroplasty for elderly patients. We aim to develop and validate a machine learning method that determines essential features related to postoperative delirium and predicts POD after hip arthroplasty for elderly patients.
Methods: We reviewed preoperative and intraoperative clinical data and laboratory tests of hip arthroplasty elderly patients between January 2017 and April 2021 in Orthopedics of First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. The Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) was administered to the patients in their perioperative period. Machine learning algorithms were trained to predict the POD and determine leading features. The predictive performance was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC), accuracy (ACC), sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score.
Results: 476 arthroplasty elderly patients (POD = 86, non-POD = 390) with general anesthesia were included in this study, and the combination of feature selection method mutual information (MI) and linear binary classifier using logistic regression (LR) achieved an encouraging performance (AUC = 0.94, ACC = 0.88, sensitivity = 0.85, specificity = 0.90, F1-score = 0.87) on a balanced test dataset.
Conclusion: The machine learning (ML) model could predict POD for arthroplasty elderly patients with satisfying accuracy and revealed the major risk factors of suffering POD such as age, Cystatin C, GFR, CHE, CRP, LDH, monocyte count (MONO), history of mental illness or psychotropic drug use and intraoperative blood loss. Proper preoperative interventions for these factors could assist clinicians in reducing the incidence of POD in arthroplasty elderly patients.
KCa3.1 promotes exosomes secretion by activating on AKT/Rab27a in atrial myocytes during rapid pacing
Authors: Liu Dishiwen , Chen Huiyu , Fu Yuntao , Yang Mei , Yao Yajun , He Shanqing , Wang Youcheng , Cao Zhen , Wang Xuewen , Zhao Qingyan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
the aim of this study was to investigate the role of intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (KCNN4, KCa3.1) in exosomes secretion of atrial myocytes.
Methods
eighteen beagles were randomly divided into Sham group (n = 6), Pacing group (n = 6), and Pacing + TRAM-34 group (n = 6). The in vivo electrophysiological data such as effective refractory period, atrial fibrillation (AF) induction, and AF duration were collected by programmed stimulation. Atrial tissues were stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin and Masson’s trichrome. The expression of KCa3.1 and Rab27a were accessed by immunohistochemistry and western blot. The downstream signaling pathways involved in KCa3.1 were explored by rapid pacing and overexpressing KCNN4 in HL-1 cells.
Results
TRAM-34 (KCa3.1 blocker) significantly inhibits electrical remodeling, inflammation, fibrosis, and exosomes secretion in rapid atrial pacing canines. More importantly, the vitro experiments demonstrated that KCa3.1 regulates the exosomes secretion through AKT/Rab27a signaling pathways. The use of calcium chelator, AKT inhibitor and si-Rab27a also significantly inhibit the exosomes secretion. Moreover, exosomes derived from rapid pacing HL-1 cells promote M1 polarization.
Conclusions
This study found that KCa3.1 promotes pro-inflammatory exosome secretion through the AKT/Rab27a signaling pathway. Inhibition KCa3.1/AKT/Rab27a signal pathway reduces myocardial tissue structure remodeling in AF.
Sol-Gel Synthesis and Catalytic Properties of PVC/NiAl2O3/AlF3 nanocomposite
Authors: Ahmadian Ilnaz , Razi Maryam Kargar , Sadeghi Babak , Nakhaei Mahbobeh 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Aluminum fluoride (nAF) nanoparticles were synthesized by the sol gel synthesis into a glass reactor. The effect of alteration in precursor gel preparation on the nano area was studied. The morphology of crystals has been changed by modified on precursor gel. Then the PVC/NiAl2O3/AlF3 nanocomposite has been successfully prepared and characterized by FT-IR, XRD, TG-DTG and SEM techniques. The size of crystals decreased from 15 to 20 nanometers when the aging time of precursor gel was changed from 5 to 12 h. Catalytic activity results show that the as-prepared nanocomposite is as an efficient catalyst. This study development and could be explored that PVC/NiAl2O3/AlF3 nanocomposite as a new and effective catalyst for synthesis of some organic derivatives.
Synthesis and characterization of surface modified magnetic mesoporous silicate materials for phosphate adsorption
Authors: Gençer Ayşegül , Karatas Burcu Uysal , Topel Önder , Kiraz Nadir 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Magnetic mesoporous silica (Mag-MCM-41) material was synthesized by coating magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles with mesoporous material (MCM-41). Mag-MCM-41 and modified nanomaterials Mag-MCM-41-NN and Mag-MCM-41-NN-Fe+ 3 which were modified with aminopropyl functional groups were prepared for application to phosphate adsorption. Magnetic mesoporous silica (Mag-MCM-41) material shows hexagonal properties and takes part in "mesoporous" material class with a surface area of 923 m2/g that was characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, FTIR, TEM, BET and SAXS analyzes. Surface modifications of material were verified through FTIR analysis, elemental analysis, BET and EDTA titration with Fe3+ analysis. Kinetic and adsorption isotherm studies of the phosphate anion were performed using Mag-MCM-41, Mag-MCM-41-NN and Mag-MCM-41-NN-Fe+ 3 adsorbents. After adsorption, the materials could be easily removed from the solution medium with the aid of a magnet. As a result of the kinetic and adsorption isotherm studies of the phosphate anion; it has been determined that the phosphate adsorption method on Mag-MCM-41, Mag-MCM-41-NN and Mag-MCM-41-NN-Fe+ 3 adsorbents was the chemical adsorption method, phosphate adsorption on all adsorbents occured in a single layer and the maximum adsorption capacity of MCM-41-NN-Fe+ 3 adsorbent value (qm) (112.87 mg.g− 1) was higher than other adsorbents.
Association of dietary with metabolic associated fatty liver disease risk: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Huang Xianhua , Peng Hewei , Huang Jingru , Yu Rong , Hu Zhijian , Peng Xiane 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a common liver disease, and poor diet will increases the risk of MAFLD. The objective of this study was to evaluate the associations between dietary and MAFLD.
Methods
the physical examination data were collected from April 2015 through August 2017 at Nanping First Hospital (N = 3563). Dietary intakes were assessed using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. The association between different diets and the risk of MAFLD was assessed by inverse probability weighted propensity score.
Results
Beverages and instant noodles were positively associated with MAFLD risk, adjusting for smoking, drinking, tea intake and weekly hours of physical activity (ORadjusted = 1.568; P = 0.044; ORadjusted = 4.363; P = 0.001). While milk, tubers and vegetables were negatively associated with MAFLD risk (ORadjusted = 0.912; P = 0.002; ORadjusted = 0.633; P = 0.007; ORadjusted = 0.962; P = 0.028). In subgroup analysis, women who consumed more tubers (OR: 0.341, 95% CI: 0.172–0.676) associated with greater reduction in the risk of MAFLD than men (OR: 0.732, 95% CI: 0.564–0.951).
Conclusions
These findings suggest that increasing the intake of milk, tubers and vegetables, and controlling the intake of beverages and instant noodles may reduce the risk of MAFLD.