bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitral regurgitation quantified by CMR 4D-flow is associated with microvascular obstruction post reperfused ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Assadi Hosamadin , Grafton-Clarke Ciaran , Demirkiran Ahmet , van der Geest Rob J. , Nijveldt Robin , Flather Marcus , Swift Andrew J. , Vassiliou Vass S. , Swoboda Peter P. , Dastidar Amardeep , Greenwood John P. , Plein Sven , Garg Pankaj 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Mitral regurgitation (MR) and microvascular obstruction (MVO) are common complications of myocardial infarction (MI). This study aimed to investigate the association between MR in ST-elevation MI (STEMI) subjects with MVO post-reperfusion. STEMI subjects undergoing primary percutaneous intervention were enrolled. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging was performed within 48-hours of initial presentation. 4D flow images of CMR were analysed using a retrospective valve tracking technique to quantify MR volume, and late gadolinium enhancement images of CMR to assess MVO.

Results
Among 69 patients in the study cohort, 41 had MVO (59%). Patients with MVO had lower left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) (42 ± 10% vs. 52 ± 8%, P < 0.01), higher end-systolic volume (98 ± 49 ml vs. 73 ± 28 ml, P < 0.001) and larger scar volume (26 ± 19% vs. 11 ± 9%, P < 0.001). Extent of MVO was associated with the degree of MR quantified by 4D flow (R = 0.54, P = 0.0003). In uni-variate regression analysis, investigating the association of CMR variables to the degree of acute MR, only the extent of MVO was associated (coefficient = 0.27, P = 0.001). The area under the curve for the presence of MVO was 0.66 (P = 0.01) for MR > 2.5 ml. We conclude that in patients with reperfused STEMI, the degree of acute MR is associated with the degree of MVO.
Improving research integrity: a framework for responsible science communication
Authors: Ciubotariu Ilinca I. , Bosch Gundula 
Published: May 2022

AbstractResearch integrity, an essential precept of scientific inquiry and discovery, comprises norms such as Rigor, Reproducibility, and Responsibility (the 3R’s). Over the past decades, numerous issues have arisen that challenge the reliability of scientific studies, including irreproducibility crises, lack of good scientific principles, and erroneous communications, which have impacted the public’s trust in science and its findings. Here, we highlight one important component of research integrity that is often overlooked in the discussion of proposals for improving research quality and promoting robust research; one that spans from the lab bench to the dissemination of scientific work: responsible science communication. We briefly outline the role of education and institutions of higher education in teaching the tenets of good scientific practice and within that, the importance of adequate communications training. In that context, we present our framework of responsible science communication that we live by and teach to our students in courses and workshops that are part of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health R3 Center for Innovation in Science Education.
The kyphosis–lordosis difference parameter and its utility in understanding the pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Gardner Adrian , Berryman Fiona , Pynsent Paul 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
The relationship of sagittal spinal shape in the pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is recognised. What is not clear is the relationship between the sagittal shape of those without scoliosis and the potential development of AIS, including the greater prevalence in females. The use of a new parameter, the kyphosis–lordosis (KL) difference, was developed to explore this further.

Results
The KL difference was calculated for 117 males and 79 females over seven years with 831 measures made. For females, the KL difference, between the ages of 9 and 12 ½ years, decreases from 5° to nearly 0° until starting to climb again from the age of 14 years, back to 5° by the age of 16 ½ years. For males, there is a gradual decline from 9° at age 9 years to 5° at age 17 years. Both age and sex were statistically significant in the development of the parameter. When comparing to previously published data around the true, de-rotated, sagittal shape of the scoliotic spine, the KL difference has utility in explaining the female predominance in the prevalence of AIS. This adds to the weight of evidence behind understanding why AIS develops.
A feasible and reliable self-administered parental assessment of children’s lifestyle (SAPLACL): an ancillary study based on the VIF program
Authors: Vanhelst Jérémy , Deken Valérie , Boulic Gaëlle , Duhamel Alain , Romon Monique 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objectives
In children, achieving an acceptable degree of accuracy from dietary or physical activity (PA) assessments remains a challenge. Children tend to overestimate their time spent in daily PA and underestimate their dietary intake of fat and sugar. Because parents play a key role in family lifestyle decisions, including children’s food choices and PA levels, it is important to investigate the responses of parents regarding their children’s lifestyle habits. We aimed to develop a Self-Administered Parental Assessment of Children’s Lifestyle (SAPLACL) questionnaire and test its feasibility and reliability in 191 parents (29 fathers and 162 mothers).

Results
For each part of the questionnaire, the rate of missing or improper responses ranged from 0 to 24%. The highest proportion of problems in understanding was reported for the dietary intake dimension, especially for snacking in front of the TV. Some difficulty was also found regarding the question on leisure PA. Test–retest agreement was observed in 54.7–100% of the respondents. Overall, the kappa coefficients were favorable. Thus, the parent self-report questionnaire is a valid and accurate tool for analyzing children’s lifestyle habits in France.
Children’s social evaluation toward prestige-based and dominance-based powerholders
Authors: Amakusa Masahiro , Meng Xianwei , Kanakogi Yasuhiro 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
Social scientists have suggested two typical ways of acquiring social power: dominance approach (gaining social power by applying violence, coercion, threat, and punishment) and prestige approach (gaining admiration and liking by demonstrating competence and sharing experience and knowledge). However, little is known about how people recognize and evaluate the differentiated process of the approaches, and even less about the early development of these processes. In the current study, 5–6-year old children heard stories about pairs comprising a dominance-based and a prestige-based powerholder, chose one of the powerholders as their friend and leader, and predicted which powerholder will gain the contested resources.

Results
Compared to a dominance-based powerholder, children were more likely to choose a prestige-based powerholder as a friend and leader in different situations. Moreover, children predicted that prestige-based powerholders, and not dominance-based powerholders, would gain contested resources. These findings suggest that since childhood, human beings tend to be biased to not only judge prestige-based aspects as socially preferable, but also endorse the prestige-based powerholders’ priority to possess valuable resources, which subsequently strengthens their high social status. These early childhood preferences can be instrumental in providing more harmonious environments for children in educational and daily contexts.
Streamline-based three-dimensional peak-velocity tracing of transvalvular flow using four-dimensional flow cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for left ventricular diastolic assessment in aortic regurgitation: a case report
Authors: Njoku Paul , Wardley James , Garg Pankaj 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Doppler transthoracic echocardiography is routinely performed to measure peak mitral inflow velocities in the assessment of left ventricular diastolic function. The limitations of echocardiography are well documented, but its accuracy in the measurement of transmitral peak velocity in the presence of aortic valve regurgitation has not yet been compared with four-dimensional flow cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Four-dimensional flow cardiac magnetic resonance imaging offers time-resolved cross-sectional velocity information that can be used to investigate mitral inflow peak velocity. We present a case report demonstrating the potential superior capabilities of four-dimensional flow cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in accurately detecting mitral inflow velocities over Doppler echocardiography in patients with aortic regurgitation.

Case presentation
A 67-year-old Caucasian female presented to our outpatient cardiology clinic with exertional dyspnea. Doppler transthoracic echocardiography identified moderate to severe aortic regurgitation. Mapping of mitral inflow peak velocities proved challenging with Doppler echocardiography. Additionally, four-dimensional flow cardiac magnetic resonance imaging with automated three-dimensional flow streamlines was performed, which allowed for more accurate detection of mitral inflow peak velocities.

Conclusions
Doppler echocardiography has a limited role in mitral inflow assessment where aortic regurgitation is present. In such cases, four-dimensional flow cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is an alternative imaging technique that may circumvent this issue and allow mitral inflow assessment.
Treatment of MDA5-positive dermatomyositis complicated by gangrenous cholecystitis with tofacitinib
Authors: Luo Man , Chen Long , He Huan , He Fang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Dermatomyositis is a rare idiopathic inflammatory disease with diverse presentations that can have varying degrees of cutaneous and systemic involvement. This phenotypic heterogeneity makes DM a therapeutic challenge. Some therapeutic drugs, such as hormones and immunosuppressants, have poor therapeutic effects. In recent years, tofacitinib has been reported to be effective in the treatment of dermatomyositis.

Case presentation
We report a case of anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis that was relieved after treatment with tofacitinib, during which gallbladder gangrene and suppurative cholecystitis occurred. After cholecystectomy, we continued to use tofacitinib and achieved a good therapeutic effect.

Conclusions
Tofacitinib is effective in the treatment of anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis, but the risk of infection is increased. It can still be used after infection control. Close follow-up should be performed during the use of tofacitinib.
Clinical significance of NF2 alteration in grade I meningiomas revisited; prognostic impact integrated with extent of resection, tumour location, and Ki-67 index
Authors: Teranishi Yu , Okano Atsushi , Miyawaki Satoru , Ohara Kenta , Ishigami Daiichiro , Hongo Hiroki , Dofuku Shogo , Takami Hirokazu , Mitsui Jun , Ikemura Masako , Komura Daisuke , Katoh Hiroto , Ushiku Tetsuo , Ishikawa Shumpei , Shin Masahiro , Nakatomi Hirofumi , Saito Nobuhito 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNF2 alteration is the most commonly–found genetic abnormality in meningiomas and is known to initiate events for aggressive-type meningiomas. Whereas the prognosis of meningiomas differs depending on their epigenomic/transcriptomic profile, the effect of NF2 alteration on the prognosis of benign meningiomas is not fully elucidated. This study aimed to probe the importance of NF2 alteration in prognosis of WHO grade I meningiomas. A long-term retrospective follow-up (5.3 ± 4.5 years) study involving 281 consecutive WHO grade I meningioma patients was performed. We assessed tumour recurrence in correlation with extent of resection (EOR), histopathological findings, tumour location, and NF2 alteration. “NF2 meningioma” was defined as meningiomas with presence of NF2 mutation and/or 22q loss. Overall, NF2 meningioma per se was not a predictor of prognosis in the whole cohort; however, it was a predictor of recurrence in supratentorial meningiomas, together with EOR and Ki-67. In a striking contrast, NF2 meningioma showed a better prognosis than non-NF2 meningioma in infratentorial lesion. Supratentorial NF2 meningiomas had higher Ki-67 and forkhead box protein M1 expression than those of others, possibly explaining the worse prognosis in this subtype. The combination of NF2 alteration, high Ki-67 and supratentorial location defines subgroup with the worst prognosis among WHO grade I meningiomas. Clinical connotation of NF2 alteration in terms of prognosis of WHO grade I meningioma differs in an opposite way between supratentorial and infratentorial tumors. Integrated anatomical, histopathological, and genomic classifications will provide the best follow-up schedule and proactive measures.
Prevalence of non-carious cervical lesions and orthodontic treatment: a retrospective study
Authors: Gomes Rafaella Rodrigues , Zeola Livia Fávaro , Barbosa Tiago Augusto Quirino , Fernandes Neto Alfredo Júlio , de Araujo Almeida Guilherme , Soares Paulo Vinícius 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to assess the distribution of non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) by tooth type, investigate the prevalence of NCCLs in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment, and identify the possible associated factors.

Material and methods
A total of 160 patients were enrolled in this retrospective study. Data on the following variables were collected from pre-and post-orthodontic treatment records: age, sex, Angle’s malocclusion, facial pattern, number of activation sessions, compensatory treatment, and retreatment. Frontal, right and left lateral intraoral photographs of each patient were evaluated to identify the presence or absence of NCCLs in each tooth and assess the distribution of NCCLs in the 3840 teeth from the enrolled patients. Furthermore, patients were classified as NCCLs present, irrespective of the number of NCCLs on the teeth or NCCL absent. Bivariate and multivariate Poisson regression analyses with robust variance were used to assess the association between the NCCLs and each independent variable. Prevalence ratio and 95% confidence intervals were calculated and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
The prevalence of NCCLs before and after orthodontic treatment was 22.71% and 30.91%, respectively. Premolars were the most affected teeth, followed by the first molars, canines, and incisors. After statistical analysis, age was found to be the variable factor that influenced the prevalence ratio, with NCCL being the most prevalent when orthodontic treatment was performed in adulthood.

Conclusions
Premolars were most commonly affected by NCCLs. Furthermore, age seemed to contribute to the increased prevalence of NCCLs in adults undergoing orthodontic treatment.
Big social data as a service (BSDaaS): a service composition framework for social media analysis
Authors: Ali Kashif , Hamilton Margaret , Thevathayan Charles , Zhang Xiuzhen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSocial media provides an infrastructure where users can share their data at an unprecedented speed without worrying about storage and processing. Social media data has grown exponentially and now there is major interest in extracting any useful information from the social media data to apply in various domains. Currently, there are various tools available to analyze the large amounts of social media data. However, these tools do not consider the diversity of the social media data, and treat social media as a uniform data source with similar features. Thus, these tools lack the flexibility to dynamically process and analyze the social media data according to its diverse features. In this paper, we develop a ‘Big Social Data as a Service’ (BSDaaS) composition framework that extracts the data from various social media platforms, and transforms it into useful information. The framework provides a quality model to capture the dynamic features of social media data. In addition, our framework dynamically assesses the quality features of the social media data and composes appropriate services required for various information analyses. We present a social media based sentiment analysis system as a motivating scenario and conduct experiments using real-world datasets to show the efficiency of our approach.
Clinical impact of preoperative diaphragm dysfunction on early outcomes and ventilation function in lung transplant: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Huh Sungchul , Cho Woo Hyun , Kim Dohyung , Son Bong Soo , Yeo Hye Ju 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Clinical impact of preoperative diaphragm dysfunction on lung transplantation has not been studied. We aimed to evaluate how preoperative diaphragm dysfunction affects clinical outcomes and ventilation function after transplantation.

Methods
We retrospectively enrolled 102 patients. Ultrasound for diagnosis of diaphragm dysfunction was performed on all patients both before and after lung transplantation. The primary outcome was to compare prolonged mechanical ventilation after transplantation according to the preoperative diaphragm dysfunction. Secondary outcomes compared global inhomogeneity index and lung volume after transplantation. Multivariate regression analysis were used to evaluate the association between preoperative diaphragm dysfunction and prolonged mechanical ventilation after transplantation.

Results
A total of 33 patients (32.4%) had preoperative diaphragm dysfunction, and half of them (n = 18) recovered their diaphragm function after transplantation. In contrast, 15 patients (45.5%) showed postoperative diaphragm dysfunction. The ratio of prolonged mechanical ventilation after transplantation was significantly higher in the preoperative diaphragm dysfunction group (p = 0.035). The postoperative durations of mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit and hospital stays were higher in the preoperative diaphragm dysfunction group, respectively (p < 0.05). In the multivariate regression analysis, preoperative diaphragm dysfunction was significantly associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation after transplantation (Odds ratio 2.79, 95% confidence interval 1.07–7.32, p = 0.037). As well, the preoperative diaphragm dysfunction group showed more inhomogeneous ventilation (p < 0.05) and lower total lung volume (p < 0.05) after transplantation. In addition, at 1 month and 3 months after transplantation, FVC was significantly lower in the preoperative diaphragm dysfunction group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Preoperative diaphragm dysfunction was associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation after lung transplantation.
Arsenic through aquatic trophic levels: effects, transformations and biomagnification—a concise review
Authors: Ghosh Devanita , Ghosh Anwesha , Bhadury Punyasloke 
Published: May 2022

AbstractArsenic (As) contamination is a major global environmental concern with widespread effects on health of living organisms including humans. In this review, the occurrence (sources and forms) of As representing diverse aquatic habitats ranging from groundwater to marine environment has been detailed. We have provided a mechanistic synopsis on direct or indirect effects of As on different organismal groups spanning from bacteria, algae, phytoplankton, zooplankton and higher trophic levels based on a review of large number of available literature. In particular, special emphasis has been laid on finfishes and shellfishes which are routinely consumed by humans. As part of this review, we have also provided an overview of the broadly used methods that have been employed to detect As across ecosystems and organismal groups. We also report that the use of As metabolites as an index for tracking Astot exposure in humans require more global attention. Besides, in this review we have also highlighted the need to integrate ‘omics’ based approaches, integration of third and fourth generation sequencing technologies for effective pan-geographical monitoring of human gut microbiome so as to understand effects and resulting consequences of As bioaccumulation.
Smart nanomaterials for cancer diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Singh Ragini , Sharma Ayush , Saji Joel , Umapathi Akhela , Kumar Santosh , Daima Hemant Kumar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractInnovations in nanomedicine has guided the improved outcomes for cancer diagnosis and therapy. However, frequent use of nanomaterials remains challenging due to specific limitations like non-targeted distribution causing low signal-to-noise ratio for diagnostics, complex fabrication, reduced-biocompatibility, decreased photostability, and systemic toxicity of nanomaterials within the body. Thus, better nanomaterial-systems with controlled physicochemical and biological properties, form the need of the hour. In this context, smart nanomaterials serve as promising solution, as they can be activated under specific exogenous or endogenous stimuli such as pH, temperature, enzymes, or a particular biological molecule. The properties of smart nanomaterials make them ideal candidates for various applications like biosensors, controlled drug release, and treatment of various diseases. Recently, smart nanomaterial-based cancer theranostic approaches have been developed, and they are displaying better selectivity and sensitivity with reduced side-effects in comparison to conventional methods. In cancer therapy, the smart nanomaterials-system only activates in response to tumor microenvironment (TME) and remains in deactivated state in normal cells, which further reduces the side-effects and systemic toxicities. Thus, the present review aims to describe the stimulus-based classification of smart nanomaterials, tumor microenvironment-responsive behaviour, and their up-to-date applications in cancer theranostics. Besides, present review addresses the development of various smart nanomaterials and their advantages for diagnosing and treating cancer. Here, we also discuss about the drug targeting and sustained drug release from nanocarriers, and different types of nanomaterials which have been engineered for this intent. Additionally, the present challenges and prospects of nanomaterials in effective cancer diagnosis and therapeutics have been discussed.
Complex rupture process on the conjugate fault system of the 2014 Mw 6.2 Thailand earthquake
Authors: Tadapansawut Tira , Yagi Yuji , Okuwaki Ryo , Yamashita Shinji , Shimizu Kousuke 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA moment magnitude 6.2 crustal earthquake occurred in northern Thailand on May 5, 2014, and its aftershocks exhibit several lineaments with conjugate pattern, involving geometric complexity in a multi-segmented fault system of the Phayao Fault Zone. However, a relationship between those geometric complexities and the rupture evolution of the 2014 Thailand earthquake is still elusive, which is critical to understand complex nature of the earthquake physics and to assess the hazard. Here, we elaborated the newly developed potency density tensor inversion method, used it to invert the globally observed teleseismic P waveforms, and estimated the spatiotemporal distribution of both the slip and the fault geometry. We found the complex rupture evolution consisting of two rupture episodes along a conjugated strike-slip fault system that comprises two distinct fault planes. The first episode originated at the hypocenter and the rupture propagated south along the north–northeast to south–southwest fault plane. The second episode was triggered at around 5 km north from the epicenter, and the rupture propagated along the east–northeast to west–southwest fault plane and terminated at the west end of the source area at 5 s hypocentral time. Our work demonstrates that our potency density tensor inversion can be applied to the smaller-scale magnitude-6 class earthquakes, and it resolves the complex rupture process controlled by the underlying geometric complexity in the fault system.