bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterizing the ASD–ADHD phenotype: measurement structure and invariance in a clinical sample
Authors: Krakowski Aneta D. , Cost Katherine Tombeau , Szatmari Peter , Anagnostou Evdokia , Crosbie Jennifer , Schachar Russell , Duku Eric , Georgiades Stelios , Ayub Muhammad , Kelley Elizabeth , Nicolson Rob , Pullenayegum Eleanor , Barnett‐Tapia Carolina 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have considerable overlap, supporting the need for a dimensional framework that examines neurodevelopmental domains which cross traditional diagnostic boundaries. In the following study, we use factor analysis to deconstruct the ASD–ADHD phenotype into its underlying phenotypic domains and test for measurement invariance across adaptive functioning, age, gender and ASD/ADHD clinical diagnoses.MethodsParticipants included children and youth (aged 3–20 years) with a clinical diagnosis of ASD (n = 727) or ADHD (n = 770) for a total of 1,497 participants. Parents of these children completed the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), a measure of autism symptoms, and the Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD and Normal Behaviour (SWAN) questionnaire, a measure of ADHD symptoms. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed on combined SCQ and SWAN items. This was followed by a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and tests of measurement invariance.ResultsEFA revealed a four‐factor solution (inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, social‐communication, and restricted, repetitive, behaviours and interests (RRBI)) and a CFA confirmed good model fit. This solution also showed good model fit across subgroups of interest.ConclusionsOur study shows that a combined ASD–ADHD phenotype is characterized by two latent ASD domains (social communication and RRBIs) and two latent ADHD domains (inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity). We established measurement invariance of the derived measurement model across adaptive functioning, age, gender and ASD/ADHD diagnoses.
Skin manifestations and clinical features of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms: a retrospective multicentre study of 125 patients
Authors: Lee J.W. , Lee S.R. , Kim M.J. , Cho S. , Youn S.W. , Yang M.S. , Kim S.H. , Kang H.R. , Kwon O. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundDrug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a severe adverse drug reaction generally accompanied by skin manifestations as the first and most frequent symptoms. However, skin manifestations and associated clinical features of DRESS have not been fully explored and evaluated.ObjectivesThis study aimed to describe the skin manifestations of DRESS in detail and analyse their association with demographic characteristics and extra‐cutaneous clinical features.MethodsWe conducted this retrospective study on patients with DRESS diagnosed between September 2009 and August 2021 at three medical institutes and validated using the RegiSCAR score. Data regarding demographics, skin manifestations and clinical characteristics were retrieved through thorough chart reviews.ResultsAmong 182 potential cases of DRESS, the validated 125 cases were analysed. A widespread rash extending over more than 50% of the body surface area was observed in 122 patients (97.6%) and typical facial oedema was experienced by 67 patients (53.6%). Polymorphous maculopapules were the most common rash morphology (106, 84.8%): specifically, exfoliative (59, 47.2%), urticarial (57, 45.6%) and purpuric forms (39, 31.2%) were common. Mucosal involvement was observed in 41 patients (32.8%). Patients with carboxamide antiepileptics (carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine) experienced more oedema (P = 0.014) and typical facial oedema than those with allopurinol (P = 0.021). The RegiSCAR score was higher in patients with purpura (P < 0.01).ConclusionsSkin manifestations of DRESS exhibit a wide range of skin lesions and can vary according to the culprit drugs. Early suspicion and prompt intervention are needed to improve prognosis.
How can SMEs signal their quality and growth orientation to the market? An analysis of the cost of Italian corporate mini‐bonds
Authors: Boccaletti Simone , Rossi Emanuele , Rossolini Monica 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe examine how small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) may signal their quality and growth orientation to the market and the effect on the cost of bond funding, which is often high for unlisted firms and SMEs mainly because of their information opacity and higher riskiness. The paper contributes to the growing European debate on market innovations aimed at facilitating funding for smaller and nonlisted firms, breaking from the prior main focus on the cost for large and listed companies of accessing liquid bond markets. We analyze 220 mini‐bonds listed in Italy between 2013 and 2017 to examine determinants of yield spreads. Our explanatory variables are size, age, and tangible assets—all indicators of the firm's information opacity—together with the issuer's growth opportunities, rating availability, and the presence of a guarantee. The findings suggest that tangible assets can ease the asymmetric information and associated monitoring costs for investors, thus reducing the bond yield spread. More significantly, the yield spread depends on the type of investment project financed: risky growth projects are associated with a higher cost of funding than other types of projects. Under such circumstances, the rating represents an informative instrument for the market in assessing issuers' growth orientation.
A qualitative study on the perspectives and needs of oncology nurses about recognition and management of suicide risk in cancer patients
Authors: Öztürk Sevda , Hiçdurmaz Duygu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimsTo determine the perspectives and needs of the oncology nurses in recognising and managing the risk of suicide in cancer patients.BackgroundCancer patients are one of the groups with a high risk of suicide. The perspectives and needs of oncology nurses regarding their recognition and management of suicide risk in such patients need to be clarified.Design and methodsThis qualitative descriptive study used a sample of 33 oncology nurses that were sampled by maximum variation sampling from different oncology units and hospitals. Data were collected with in‐depth interviews via a semi‐structured interview form and analysed with content analysis. The COREQ guideline was followed for the reporting of the study.ResultsThree main themes and eight subthemes were identified, namely ‘An uncertain atmosphere: sensing the risk of suicide but not seeing the picture’ (Subthemes: Inability to identify suicide risk, Unclear responsibilities and Distress as a result of uncertainty), ‘Efforts to give meaning to and compensate losses of patients’ (Subthemes: Attributions to cancer‐related losses of patients and Interventions to alleviate distress related to loss) and ‘Hindrances beyond the nurse’ (Subthemes: Stigma towards psychosocial problems and getting help, Disagreement with the Physician and A lack of institutional culture on suicide prevention).ConclusionsOur study revealed that oncology nurses have insufficient knowledge and skills and unclear roles in recognising and managing suicide risk. In addition, nurses have difficulty in helping patients due to the insufficient support of team members, stigmas of patients and their relatives towards getting help, patient workloads, and inadequate institutional support in risk management. Training programmes aiming to increase nurses’ awareness, knowledge and skills should be developed and embedded into current in‐service education programmes and undergraduate education curricula as part of professional improvement.Relevance to clinical practiceThe results of the study can contribute to planning the content and scope of suicide prevention training peculiar to oncology nursing.
Optimizing regional chemotherapy for epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Sugarbaker Paul H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimThe response with intravenous chemotherapy using cisplatin and paclitaxel in patients with advanced ovarian cancer is often substantial. However, this regression of the malignancy is not durable, and a majority of patients succumb to this disease process. It is possible that alternative types of chemotherapy and alternative routes of chemotherapy administration can improve the results of treatment and perhaps, reduce the morbidity and mortality that patients experience.MethodsRegional chemotherapy treatments previously presented in the ovarian cancer literature were reviewed and critically analyzed. New methods for chemotherapy delivery for both advanced primary and recurrent ovarian cancer were reviewed. This included hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (EPIC), and normothermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (NIPEC) long‐term.ResultsAn important addition to perioperative chemotherapy delivery is the simultaneous use of heat with intraperitoneal drug delivery after a complete cytoreductive surgery. Drugs to be considered for HIPEC are cisplatin, gemcitabine, and melphalan. For EPIC, chemotherapy agents to consider include paclitaxel, pemetrexed, gemcitabine, and liposomal doxorubicin. For NIPEC, paclitaxel is the drug of choice usually combined with a systemic agent as bidirectional chemotherapy. Also, pemetrexed, gemcitabine, and liposomal doxorubicin are drugs to be considered for NIPEC in phase I/II trials.ConclusionsInnovative regimens of regional chemotherapy may improve the outcome of patients with advanced ovarian cancer. These chemotherapy treatments must be integrated with complete cytoreductive surgery and the availability of peritoneal access for repeated delivery of chemotherapy solutions.
Double‐Crown Prosthesis Retention Using Polyetherketoneketone (PEKK): An In Vitro Study
Authors: Igarashi Kensuke , Katagiri Hiroki , Abou‐Ayash Samir , Schimmel Martin , Afrashtehfar Kelvin I. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeTo assess the retentive force of telescopic crowns using polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) high‐performance polymer in relation to conventional materials over a long period of time in an in vitro setting.Materials and MethodsThirty‐six sets of primary and secondary crowns were fabricated as per the double crown‐retained prostheses approach. Six samples were included in each of the five test groups (1: zirconia/PEKK [Zr/PEKK]; 2: titanium/PEKK [Ti/PEKK]; 3: cobalt‐chrome/PEKK [CoCr/PEKK]; 4: PEKK/PEKK; and 5: gold/PEKK [Au/PEKK]) and the single control group (gold/galvano‐gold [Au/GA]). The insertion‐removal test was performed for 20,000 cycles, and the surface condition was observed. Retentive forces were analyzed using two‐way ANOVA (α<0.05).ResultsThe retention forces in groups Zr/PEKK and Ti/PEKK significantly decreased over time (group 1:p= 0.035 and group 2:p= 0.001), whereas retentive force increased significantly in groups PEKK/PEKK, Au/PEKK, and control (group 4:p= 0.001, group 5:p= 0.008, and control:p= 0.042). Similar wear was observed on the primary crown in groups PEKK/PEKK, gold/PEKK, and control.ConclusionsGroups PEKK/PEKK and Au/PEKK showed a transition of retentive force similar to the control group. Groups PEKK/PEKK and Au/PEKK had similar wear on the surface compared to control. Therefore, PEKK has a promising clinical potential.
Marginal Accuracy of Lithium Disilicate Full‐Coverage Single Crowns Made by Direct and Indirect Digital or Conventional Workflows: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Tabesh Mahtab , Nejatidanesh Farahnaz , Savabi Ghazal , Davoudi Amin , Savabi Omid 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeSeveral studies have compared digital intraoral scanners and conventional impressions. The accuracy of these two methods in terms of marginal accuracy of lithium disilicate crowns is not well‐established, yet. The purpose of this study was to systematically review available publications on marginal fit of single‐unit, full‐coverage, tooth‐supported lithium disilicate restorations.MethodsPubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Scopus were electronically searched along with a manual search. After critical appraisal, data from selected studies were extracted and mean marginal difference with a 95% confidence interval was calculated. Meta‐analysis of the collected data was conducted using STATA software.ResultsThe meta‐analysis revealed similar marginal gap values in intraoral scanners with conventional groups (p>0.05) and in intraoral scanners with extraoral canners (p>0.05).ConclusionNo significant difference was seen between digital and conventional impressions or intra‐ and extraoral scanners for marginal accuracy of lithium disilicate crowns.
Selecting a Virtual Articulator: An Analysis of the Factors Available with Mechanical Articulators and their Potential Need for Inclusion with Virtual Articulators
Authors: Goldstein Gary , Goodacre Charles 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe ever‐expanding world of digital technology has produced many changes, including the availability of virtual articulators. The use of such digital technology requires an understanding of the features that have been available with different mechanical articulators. These features include such items as facebow, intercondylar distance, incisal guide table, condylar inclination, reference plane, lateral condylar inclination, immediate mandibular translation, and ability to verify a centric relation record. This paper reviews the adjustable features that have been available with different types of mechanical articulators so that clinicians can determine if these features should be included in the virtual articulators they choose to use. Regardless of whether one is utilizing a mechanical or virtual articulator, the rationale for which type of articulator to select is the same and is predicated on the needs of the patient, the occlusal philosophy of the clinician, and the required accuracy.
In defense of ordinary language philosophy
Authors: Cappelen Herman , McKeever Matthew 
Published: March 2022

What role does ordinary language play in philosophical theorizing today? One might think: little. After all, analytic philosophy has moved past its “ordinary language” phase; in metaphysics, for example, few would think that attending to “time” and related words has anything to teach us about the nature of, and how we persist through, time. The aim of this paper, however, is to argue that contemporary analytic philosophy pays more attention to ordinary language use than the implicit historiography mentioned above suggests. Moreover, and moving from description to evaluation, the paper argues that this is philosophically defensible. In many areas of philosophy, to learn about a phenomenon weought to pay at least some attention to how ordinary language users speak about it.
Bridging the Gap Between Willingness to Communicate and Learner Talk
Authors: DUCKER NATHAN THOMAS 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWillingness to communicate (WTC) is an important individual learner difference that can help account for varying rates of language‐learning success across individuals. As learner talk is considered to be a key pedagogical activity, instructors and researchers often strive to identify and manipulate key variables that will increase and arouse a learner's WTC and consequently lead to increased levels of learner talk. Conflicting studies have shown varying levels of correlation between ratings of WTC and learner talk. To investigate this phenomenon, this study used idiodynamic methodology to elicit moment‐to‐moment ratings of individuals’ classroom WTC, which were then compared to recorded instances of classroom learner talk. This data was used to answer 2 questions: (a) What is the relationship between situated moment‐to‐moment ratings of WTC and observable classroom communication? and (b) What factors impinge or enable the realization of learner talk from aroused situated WTC? The results showed little correlation between learner talk and WTC ratings with 4 groups of interrelated factors—(a) motivational forces, (b) listening‐related issues, (c) topic‐related issues, and (d) language production issues—impacting the WTC–talk relationship. These factors were organized into a hierarchical heuristic model of WTC–talk realization that has both research and pedagogical implications.
A novel TRMT5 mutation causes a complex inherited neuropathy syndrome: The role of nerve pathology in defining a demyelinating neuropathy
Authors: Argente‐Escrig Herminia , Vílchez Juan J. , Frasquet Marina , Muelas Nuria , Azorín Inmaculada , Vílchez Roger , Millet‐Sancho Elvira , Pitarch Inmaculada , Tomás‐Vila Miguel , Vázquez‐Costa Juan F. , Mas‐Estellés Fernando , Marco‐Marín Clara , Espinós Carmen , Serrano‐Lorenzo Pablo , Martin Miguel A. , Lupo Vincenzo , Sevilla Teresa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimsWe aim to present data obtained from three patients belonging to three unrelated families with an infantile onset demyelinating neuropathy associated to somatic and neurodevelopmental delay and to describe the underlying genetic changes.MethodsWe performed whole‐exome sequencing on genomic DNA from the patients and their parents and reviewed the clinical, muscle and nerve data, the serial neurophysiological studies, brain and muscle MRIs, as well as the respiratory chain complex activity in the muscle of the three index patients. Computer modelling was used to characterise the new missense variant detected.ResultsAll three patients had a short stature, delayed motor milestone acquisition, intellectual disability and cerebellar abnormalities associated with a severe demyelinating neuropathy, with distinct morphological features. Despite the proliferation of giant mitochondria, the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex activity in skeletal muscle was normal, except in one patient in whom there was a mild decrease in complex I enzyme activity. All three patients carried the same two compound heterozygous variants of the TRMT5 (tRNA Methyltransferase 5) gene, one known pathogenic frameshift mutation [c.312_315del (p.Ile105Serfs*4)] and a second rare missense change [c.665 T > C (p.Ile222Thr)]. TRMT5 is a nuclear‐encoded protein involved in the post‐transcriptional maturation of mitochondrial tRNA. Computer modelling of the human TRMT5 protein structure suggests that the rare p.Ile222Thr mutation could affect the stability of tRNA binding.ConclusionsOur study expands the phenotype of mitochondrial disorders caused by TRTM5 mutations and defines a new form of recessive demyelinating peripheral neuropathy.
Solar radiation drives methane emissions from the shoots of Scots pine
Authors: Tenhovirta Salla A. M. , Kohl Lukas , Koskinen Markku , Patama Marjo , Lintunen Anna , Zanetti Alessandro , Lilja Rauna , Pihlatie Mari 
Published: March 2022

Summary

Plants are recognized as sources of aerobically produced methane (CH4), but the seasonality, environmental drivers and significance of CH4 emissions from the canopies of evergreen boreal trees remain poorly understood.

We measured the CH4 fluxes from the shoots of Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine) and Picea abies (Norway spruce) saplings in a static, non‐steady‐state chamber setup to investigate if the shoots of boreal conifers are a source of CH4 during spring.

We found that the shoots of Scots pine emitted CH4 and these emissions correlated with the photosynthetically active radiation. For Norway spruce, the evidence for CH4 emissions from the shoots was inconclusive.

Our study shows that the canopies of evergreen boreal trees are a potential source of CH4 in the spring and that these emissions are driven by a temperature‐by‐light interaction effect of solar radiation either directly or indirectly through its effects on tree physiological processes.
Learning and memory in the cricketGryllus bimaculatus
Authors: Matsumoto Yukihisa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFor insects living in an environment where food supplies constantly change, the ability to learn and to memorize the association of a specific cue with food is indispensable. The advantages of using insects for studies on learning and memory have been of great help to uncover a reliable capability of associative learning in various insect species. However, regarding neuronal and molecular mechanisms underlying learning and memory, reports are largely confined to a few insect species: the fruit fly, honey bee, and field cricket. In this review, I will introduce summarized results obtained from our studies on learning and memory in crickets. First, associative conditioning paradigms, which have been our main experimental procedures, will be described. Second, I will introduce the roles of octopamine and dopamine in conveying signals about appetitive stimuli and aversive stimuli, respectively, in learning and in memory retrieval. Third, short‐term memory and long‐term memory, two distinct memory phases of associative memory in crickets, will be introduced with details of signalling pathways involved in long‐term memory formation. Fourth, the high capability of learning and memory and characteristics of complex memory will be described. Lastly, I will summarize the results of studies on age‐related memory impairment in crickets. Crickets have the potential to be suitable model insects for studying neuromolecular mechanisms underlying learning and memory, following fruit flies and honey bees. Extensive studies on learning and memory in crickets will contribute to the elucidation of diversities in the neuromolecular mechanisms of learning and memory acquired through evolution in insects.
Verticillium diseases of vegetable crops in Brazil: Host range, microsclerotia production, molecular haplotype network, and pathogen species determination
Authors: Suaste‐Dzul Alba P. , Veloso Josiene S. , Costa Hélcio , Boiteux Leonardo S. , Lourenço Valdir , Lopes Carlos A. , Reis Ailton 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRecent outbreaks of Verticillium wilt diseases in various vegetable crops have been reported in Brazil. This fact was our initial stimulus to carry out a nationwide survey aiming to determine their causal agent(s). Thus far, Verticillium dahliae has been reported as the predominant species based solely on morphological traits. As other Verticillium species can be associated with wilt diseases, we characterized a collection of 80 isolates, collected across 10 agricultural Brazilian regions, by combining morphological, biological, and molecular traits. A multilocus approach was employed for identification of Verticillium species with information from three genomic regions (ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region, glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase, and actin genes). Only 21 out of the 80 isolates were unable to produce microsclerotia in culture. The analyses of all genomic regions indicated V. dahliae as the sole species associated with vascular wilt of distinct hosts, including major solanaceous vegetables and other hosts such as strawberry, okra, and cacao. Pathogenicity tests confirmed the infection by the V. dahliae isolates and the development of typical disease symptoms on their original hosts. This is the first nationwide characterization of Verticillium isolates associated with major vegetable crops in Neotropical areas. This provides valuable information to design sound management strategies for these diseases, mainly for establishing efficient rotation systems and for the development of resistant cultivars.