bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utility of In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging Is Predictive of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus During Early Pregnancy
Authors: Lee Brian , Janzen Carla , Wu Holden , Vangala Sitaram S , Devaskar Sherin U , Sung Kyunghyun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractContextGestational diabetes (GDM) imposes long-term adverse health effects on the mother and fetus. The role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during early gestation in GDM has not been well-studied.ObjectiveTo investigate the role of quantitative MRI measurements of placental volume and perfusion, with distribution of maternal adiposity, during early gestation in GDM.MethodsAt UCLA outpatient antenatal obstetrics clinics, ∼200 pregnant women recruited in the first trimester were followed temporally through pregnancy until parturition. Two placental MRI scans were prospectively performed at 14 to 16 weeks and 19 to 24 weeks gestational age (GA). Placental volume and blood flow (PBF) were calculated from placental regions of interest; maternal adiposity distribution was assessed by subcutaneous fat area ratio (SFAR) and visceral fat area ratio (VFAR). Statistical comparisons were performed using the two-tailed t test. Predictive logistic regression modeling was evaluated by area under the curve (AUC).ResultsOf a total 186 subjects, 21 subjects (11.3%) developed GDM. VFAR was higher in GDM vs the control group, at both time points (P &lt; 0.001 each). Placental volume was greater in GDM vs the control group at 19 to 24 weeks GA (P = 0.01). Combining VFAR, placental volume and perfusion, improved the AUC to 0.83 at 14 to 16 weeks (positive predictive value [PPV] = 0.77, negative predictive value [NPV] = 0.83), and 0.81 at 19 to 24 weeks GA (PPV = 0.73, NPV = 0.86).ConclusionA combination of MRI-based placental volume, perfusion, and visceral adiposity during early pregnancy demonstrates significant changes in GDM and provides a proof of concept for predicting the subsequent development of GDM.
Tracking and Cumulative Lifetime Exposure to IGF-I in 6459 Healthy Individuals and in SGA Children Treated With GH
Authors: Kjaer Anna Sophie L , Jensen Rikke Beck , Petersen Jørgen H , Linneberg Allan , Kårhus Line Lund , Henriksen Louise Scheutz , Johannsen Trine Holm , Main Katharina M , Hoffman Andrew R , Juul Anders 
Published: October 2022

AbstractContextSupraphysiological serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentrations have been a matter of concern in children treated with GH because high IGF-I levels were associated with risk of later disease in former epidemiological studies.ObjectiveTo determine whether a single IGF-I measurement reliably reflects lifetime IGF-I exposure we evaluated intraindividual longitudinal tracking of IGF-I and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels and we estimated cumulative lifetime exposure to IGF-I in healthy and GH-treated individuals.MethodsWe included 6459 healthy participants (cross-sectional = 5326; longitudinal = 1133) aged 0-76 years (9963 serum samples) and 9 patients born small-for-gestational-age (SGA) with 238 serum samples during GH treatment. Intraindividual tracking of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 (SD score [SDS]) was determined by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Cumulative lifetime IGF-I exposure was estimated by area under the curve of the predicted SDS trajectory from 0 to 76 years.ResultsFor IGF-I (SDS), ICCs were 0.50 (95% CI, 0.47-0.53) for male and 0.53 (0.50-0.56) for female participants. Lifetime IGF-I exposure was significantly higher in female (mean 12 723 ± 3691 SD) than in male participants (12 563 ± 3393); P = 0.02. In SGA children, treatment with GH increased the lifetime exposure to IGF-I from 9512 ± 1889 to 11 271 ± 1689, corresponding to an increase in lifetime IGF-I trajectory from −0.89 SD ± 0.57 to −0.35 SD ± 0.49.ConclusionBecause IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels track throughout life, a single measurement reliably reflects lifetime exposure. GH therapy increased the lifetime exposure to IGF-I only slightly and it remained below the average lifetime exposure in the reference population.
Serum IGF-1 to IGFBP-3 Molar Ratio: A Promising Diagnostic Tool for Growth Hormone Deficiency in Children
Authors: Haj-Ahmad Laith M , Mahmoud Muhannad M , Sweis Nabil W G , Bsisu Isam , Alghrabli Ahmad M , Ibrahim Alaa M , Zayed Ayman A 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)/insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) ratio has various potential applications in growth hormone-related disorders. This study aimed to investigate the performance of the IGF-1/IGFBP-3 ratio, independently and in combination with serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3, in the diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in children with short stature (SS).MethodsA 7-year cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 235 children with SS. Participants with known disorders that may affect IGF-1 other than GHD were excluded. Participants were classified into GHD (n = 64) and non-GHD (n = 171) groups. GHD was defined as a slow growth rate (&lt;25th percentile over 1 year) and suboptimal growth hormone (GH) response to 2 GH stimulation tests (peak GH &lt; 6.25 ng/mL using the DiaSorin Liaison assay). The sensitivity and specificity of serum IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and IGF-1/IGFBP-3 molar ratio, independently and in various combinations, were determined.ResultsGHD was diagnosed in 27.2% of participants. Among all studied variables, a low serum IGF-1/IGFBP-3 ratio demonstrated the greatest sensitivity for GHD (87.5%), with a comparable specificity (83.0%). The combination of low serum IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and IGF-1/IGFBP-3 ratio demonstrated the greatest specificity for GHD (97.7%), whereas the combination of normal serum IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and IGF-1/IGFBP-3 ratio demonstrated the greatest specificity for a non-GHD cause of SS (100.0%).ConclusionOur data suggest that the serum IGF-1/IGFBP-3 ratio is a useful marker for the diagnosis of GHD in children who do not have other disorders that may affect serum IGF-1 levels. Further large studies are needed to confirm the diagnostic utility of the serum IGF-1/IGFBP-3 ratio.
Estrogen Receptor Beta 1: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Female Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Dey Parama , Wang Alexander , Ziegler Yvonne , Kumar Sandeep , Yan Shunchao , Kim Sung Hoon , Katzenellenbogen John A , Katzenellenbogen Benita S 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor alpha, progesterone receptor, and HER2. These receptors often serve as targets in breast cancer treatment. As a result, TNBCs are difficult to treat and have a high propensity to metastasize to distant organs. For these reasons, TNBCs are responsible for over 50% of all breast cancer mortalities while only accounting for 15% to 20% of breast cancer cases. However, estrogen receptor beta 1 (ERβ1), an isoform of the ESR2 gene, has emerged as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of TNBCs. Using an in vivo xenograft preclinical mouse model with human TNBC, we found that expression of ERβ1 significantly reduced both primary tumor growth and metastasis. Moreover, TNBCs with elevated levels of ERβ1 showed reduction in epithelial to mesenchymal transition markers and breast cancer stem cell markers, and increases in the expression of genes associated with inhibition of cancer cell invasiveness and metastasis, suggesting possible mechanisms underlying the antitumor activity of ERβ1. Gene expression analysis by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and RNA-seq revealed that treatment with chloroindazole, an ERβ-selective agonist ligand, often enhanced the suppressive activity of ERβ1 in TNBCs in vivo or in TNBC cells in culture, suggesting the potential utility of ERβ1 and ERβ ligand in improving TNBC treatment. The findings enable understanding of the mechanisms by which ERβ1 impedes TNBC growth, invasiveness, and metastasis and consideration of ways by which treatments involving ERβ might improve TNBC patient outcome.
The Significance of Hypothalamic Inflammation and Gliosis for the Pathogenesis of Obesity in Humans
Authors: Sewaybricker Leticia E , Huang Alyssa , Chandrasekaran Suchitra , Melhorn Susan J , Schur Ellen A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Accumulated preclinical literature demonstrates that hypothalamic inflammation and gliosis are underlying causal components of diet-induced obesity in rodent models. This review summarizes and synthesizes available translational data to better understand the applicability of preclinical findings to human obesity and its comorbidities. The published literature in humans includes histopathologic analyses performed postmortem and in vivo neuroimaging studies measuring indirect markers of hypothalamic tissue microstructure. Both support the presence of hypothalamic inflammation and gliosis in children and adults with obesity. Findings predominantly point to tissue changes in the region of the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus, although findings of altered tissue characteristics in whole hypothalamus or other hypothalamic regions also emerged. Moreover, the severity of hypothalamic inflammation and gliosis has been related to comorbid conditions, including glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and low testosterone levels in men, independent of elevated body adiposity. Cross-sectional findings are augmented by a small number of prospective studies suggesting that a greater degree of hypothalamic inflammation and gliosis may predict adiposity gain and worsening insulin sensitivity in susceptible individuals. In conclusion, existing human studies corroborate a large preclinical literature demonstrating that hypothalamic neuroinflammatory responses play a role in obesity pathogenesis. Extensive or permanent hypothalamic tissue remodeling may negatively affect the function of neuroendocrine regulatory circuits and promote the development and maintenance of elevated body weight in obesity and/or comorbid endocrine disorders.
The Drifting Influence of Hall's Random-Walk Hypothesis on Consumption Modeling
Authors: García Carlos , Otero Daniel , Salazar Boris 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Hall's 1978 article titled “Stochastic Implications of the Life Cycle–Permanent Income Hypothesis” was meant to revolutionize consumption modeling. It indeed delivered, but not by becoming the dominant modeling strategy, but by unleashing a complex process of interaction between researchers in consumption and interconnected fields that transformed Hall's original object, from a local theory of consumption into a growing research area spanning the fields of consumption, finance, monetary policy and econometric modeling, and becoming, at the turn of the century, a building block of the DSGE modeling framework. Researchers reacting to innovative work produced new models that acted modified the context of research inducing a feedback system responsible for a connected set of innovations in the fields mentioned above. Along that process the practice of consumption modeling drifted away from Hall's original proposal, suggesting the necessity of a more nuanced view of the notion of influence in contemporary macroeconomics. In this particular case, we found that drifting occurred within the bounds set by the Euler equation and the assumptions of intertemporal optimization and rational expectations.
A Note on the Early Versions of the Tableau économique
Authors: Charles Loïc , Théré Christine 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article uses materials that have been recently discovered as well as completely new documents, in particular a previously missing copy of the first printed edition of the Tableau économique that the authors found in the French National Archives and that they reproduce here in the appendix of the article. The authors combine these new sources of information with a close reading of materials—in particular the two letters sent by Quesnay to Mirabeau when he worked on the first two versions of the Tableau to provide a largely revised chronology of the conception and circulation of the three early versions of the Tableau. One of the points the authors make is that Madame de Pailly, Mirabeau's lover, acted as a go-between for the two men at that time and was instrumental in convincing Quesnay to share the Tableau with the marquis and to publish it in the sequel of the latter's best seller, L'Ami des hommes.
Two closely related ureotelic fish species of the genus Alcolapia express different levels of ammonium transporters in gills
Authors: White Lewis J. , Rose Matthew , Lawson Michael , Joyce Domino , Smith Alan M. , Thomas Gavin H. , Dasmahapatra Kanchon K. , Pownall Mary E. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Most fish excrete their nitrogenous waste across the gills as ammonia through the activity of the Rhesus glycoprotein ammonium transporters. In contrast, fish of the subgenus Alcolapia (Oreochromis) are the only vertebrates that survive the extreme conditions of the soda lakes of Natron and Magadi in East Africa and have evolved adaptations to the highly alkaline waters including the ability to excrete their nitrogenous waste as urea. Nevertheless, Alcolapia retain the Rhesus glycoprotein genes in their genomes and using two heterologous expression systems, we demonstrate that Alcolapia Rhbg is capable of moving ammonia. Comparing ammonia and urea excretion from two closely related Alcolapia species from the same aquarium, we found that while Alcolapia grahami remains fully ureotelic after many generations in lab conditions, Alcolapia alcalica excretes some of its nitrogenous waste as ammonia. Using in situ hybridisation, we demonstrate robust, localised gene expression of Rhbg, rhcg1 and rhcg2 in the gill tissue in both A. alcalica embryos and adults, similar to that in other ammoniotelic fish. In contrast, the expression of these genes in A. grahami gills is much lower than in A. alcalica, suggesting the rapid evolution of a molecular mechanism underlying the complete ureotelism of A. grahami.
Plap-1 lineage tracing and single-cell transcriptomics reveal cellular dynamics in the periodontal ligament
Authors: Iwayama Tomoaki , Iwashita Mizuho , Miyashita Kazuya , Sakashita Hiromi , Matsumoto Shuji , Tomita Kiwako , Bhongsatiern Phan , Kitayama Tomomi , Ikegami Kentaro , Shimbo Takashi , Tamai Katsuto , Murayama Masanori A. , Ogawa Shuhei , Iwakura Yoichiro , Yamada Satoru , Olson Lorin E. , Takedachi Masahide , Murakami Shinya 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Periodontal tissue supports teeth in the alveolar bone socket via fibrous attachment of the periodontal ligament (PDL). The PDL contains periodontal fibroblasts and stem/progenitor cells, collectively known as PDL cells (PDLCs), on top of osteoblasts and cementoblasts on the surface of alveolar bone and cementum, respectively. However, the characteristics and lineage hierarchy of each cell type remain poorly defined. This study identified periodontal ligament associated protein-1 (Plap-1) as a PDL-specific extracellular matrix protein. We generated knock-in mice expressing CreERT2 and GFP specifically in Plap-1-positive PDLCs. Genetic lineage tracing confirmed the long-standing hypothesis that PDLCs differentiate into osteoblasts and cementoblasts. A PDL single-cell atlas defined cementoblasts and osteoblasts as Plap-1−Ibsp+Sparcl1+ and Plap-1−Ibsp+Col11a2+, respectively. Other populations, such as Nes+ mural cells, S100B+ Schwann cells, and other non-stromal cells, were also identified. RNA velocity analysis suggested that a Plap-1highLy6a+ cell population was the source of PDLCs. Lineage tracing of Plap-1+ PDLCs during periodontal injury showed periodontal tissue regeneration by PDLCs. Our study defines diverse cell populations in PDL and clarifies the role of PDLCs in periodontal tissue homeostasis and repair.
Feasibility and Acceptability of Wearable Sensor Placement for Measuring Screen Time of Children
Authors: Willis Erik A. , Hales Derek , Smith Falon T. , Burney Regan , El-Zaatari Helal M. , Rzepka Michelle C. , Amft Oliver , Barr Rachel , Evenson Kelly R. , Kosorok Michael R. , Ward Dianne S. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction/Purpose
Wearables that include a color light sensor are a promising measure of electronic screen use in adults. However, to extend this approach to children, we need to understand feasibility of wear placement. The purpose of this study was to examine parent perceptions of children’s acceptability of different sensor placements and feasibility of free-living 3- to 7-d wear protocols.

Methods
This study was conducted in three phases. In phase 1, caregivers (n = 161) of 3- to 8-yr-old children completed an online survey to rate aspects of fitting and likelihood of wear for seven methods (headband, eyeglasses, skin adhesive patch, shirt clip/badge, mask, necklace, and vest). In phase 2, children (n = 31) were recruited to wear one of the top five prototypes for 3 d (n = 6 per method). In phase 3, children (n = 23) were recruited to wear one of the top three prototypes from phase 2 (n = 8 per method) for 7 d. In phases 2 and 3, parents completed wear logs and surveys about their experiences. Parents scored each wearable on three domains (ease of use, likelihood of wear, and child enjoyment). Scores were averaged to compute an everyday “usability” score (0, worst, to 200, best).

Results
Phase 1 results suggested that the headband, eyeglasses, patch, clip/badge, and vest had the best potential for long-term wear. In phase 2, time spent wearing prototypes and usability scores were highest for the eyeglasses (10.4 h·d−1; score, 155.4), clip/badge (9.8 h·d−1; score, 145.8), and vest (7.1 h·d−1; score, 141.7). In phase 3, wearing time and usability scores were higher for the clip/badge (9.4 h·d−1; score, 169.6) and eyeglasses (6.5 h·d−1; score, 145.3) compared with the vest (4.8 h·d−1; score, 112.5).

Conclusions
Results indicate that wearable sensors clipped to a child’s shirt or embedded into eyeglasses are feasible and acceptable wear methods in free-living settings. The next step is to assess the quality, validity, and reliability of data captured using these wear methods.
Development and implementation of a tool for measuring the training effectiveness of the patient-centered consultation model
Authors: Jorgensen Merete , Thorsen Hanne , Siersma Volkert , Winther Bang Christine 
Published: October 2022

Background: The patient-centered consultation model comprises four elements: exploring health, illness and disease experiences, understanding the whole person, finding common ground, and enhancing the patient-doctor relationship. This method is taught at the course in general practice at Copenhagen University. The aim of the study was to develop a simple tool consisting of a questionnaire about the patient-centered elements and a test video consultation. The outcome is the change in the students’ ability to identify these elements. Used as a pre-course and post-course test it can inform the teachers which elements of the patient-centered consultation need intensifying in the teaching. Methods: The students from a course in general practice volunteered to participate in all steps of the development. They took part in individual interviews to select items from an already existing questionnaire (DanSCORE). The preliminary questionnaire was tested for face and content validity, pilot-tested and tested for test-retest reliability. All video consultations were transcribed and assessed for patient-centered elements through a conversation analysis. The videos showed medical students seeing real patients. Results: The preliminary version of the questionnaire (called DanOBS) had 23 items. In the subsequent interviews, items were reduced to 17, each with three response options. After a pilot test, the questionnaire was further reduced to 13 items, all strictly relevant to the model and with two response options. The final questionnaire had acceptable test-retest reliability. The number of test consultation videos underwent a reduction from six videos to one. Conclusions: The DanOBS combined with a test video consultation, used as a pre-and post-course test demonstrates for teachers which elements in the patient-centered consultation need to be intensified in the teaching.
Archivos: ¡un acierto!
Authors: Serra Pujadas Consol , Ronda Elena , Purtí Elisabeth 
Published: October 2022

En tres meses Archivos de Prevención de Riesgos Laborales cumple un cuarto de siglo. En 1998, la entonces Societat Catalana de Seguretat i Medicina del Treball, hoy Associació Catalana de Salut Laboral, presidida por Jaume de Montserrat, anunciaba una nueva revista, que nacía con 35 años de historia y 120 números publicados en la extinguida Medicina de Empresa. Fernando G. Benavides asumía la tarea (1998-2005). Archivos nació con una clara voluntad de hacer realidad un instrumento “de difusión de información relevante, rigurosa y actual que necesita todo campo de conocimiento para su desarrollo y evolución” parafraseando a su segunda directora, Ana M García (2005-2015) y además de acuerdo con los criterios internacionales de calidad científica.…
One-stage versus two-stage Roux-Y gastric bypass as redo surgery of failed adjustable gastric banding
Authors: Thaher O , Driouch J , Hukauf M , Stroh C 
Published: October 2022

Introduction The study focussed on whether a one-stage Roux-Y gastric bypass (OS-RYGB) or a two-stage RYGB (TS-RYGB) has a significant advantage in terms of perioperative risk in patients after failed adjustable gastric banding (AGB). Methods Data collection included patients who underwent OS-RYGB or TS-RYGB after AGB between 2005 and 2019 and whose outcomes were compared with those after primary RYGB (P-RYGB). Outcome criteria were perioperative complications, comorbidities, 30-day mortality and operating time. Results The study analysed data from patients who underwent OS-RYGB (N = 525), TS-RYGB (N = 382) and P-RYGB (N = 26,445). Intraoperative and postoperative complication rates were significantly lower for P-RYGB (p < 0.001). Total intraoperative and specific postoperative complication rates were significantly lower in TS-RYGB than in OS-RYGB (p = 0.048 and p < 0.001, respectively). In contrast, the total general postoperative complication rate was lower in OS-RYGB than in TS-RYGB (p < 0.001). The mean operating time differed significantly among the three groups (P-RYGB 96.5min, OS-RYGB 141.2min and TS-RYGB 190.9min; p < 0.001). The mortality rate was not significantly different between the three groups. Conclusions Based on the significant difference between the two groups in revision surgery and the slight difference with the results of primary RYGB, this study concludes that removal of a failed AGB is safe and feasible with either the OS- or TS-RYGB procedure. However, we cannot directly recommend either procedure in our study. Proper patient selection and surgeon experience are critical to avoid potential adverse effects.
Upraising wavelength exactitude in laser array with spatial hole burning suppression based on the reconstruction-equivalent-chirp technique
Authors: Guo Renjia , Mei Dikui , Bian Yuegen , Zhao Yongbing , Yang Liangliang , Wang Xiaohua , Wang Ping , Liu Lili , Dong Jichu 
Published: October 2022

An equivalent corrugation pitch modulated distributed-feedback semiconductor multiwavelength laser array (MLA) with two equivalently assisted phase shifts (EAPSs) based on the reconstruction-equivalent-chirp technique is theoretically studied and experimentally demonstrated. The simulated results show that the longitudinal photon density distribution of the studied MLA is much more uniform than that of the MLA without EAPSs. Accordingly, the longitudinal spatial hole burning of the proposed MLA is therefore suppressed more effectively. The experimental results show that the studied MLA has good single-longitudinal-mode performance. The highest side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) is even up to 52.63 dB. Meanwhile, the tunable wavelength range of the investigated MLA is 25.94 nm under the thermal tuning scheme from 15.12°C to 46.93°C. All channels are within a wavelength deviation of

±

0.001

n
m

. The SMSRs are all above 38 dB.