bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wolf's isotopic response: A case of dermatomal granuloma annulare after COVID‐19 vaccination
Authors: Esfandiari Negar , Benson Patrick , Morley Keith 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic was announced in March 2020, with the first vaccines becoming available later that year. Although generally well tolerated, there have been reports of skin reactions occurring after receiving COVID‐19 vaccines, with a rare occurrence of granuloma annulare. Granuloma annulare can occur secondarily to herpes zoster infection in a phenomenon known as Wolf's isotopic response (WIR). WIR has been described to often occur after herpes zoster virus infection, at the location of the healed shingles rash, termed ‘post‐herpetic isotopic response' (PHIR). We present the first reported case of PHIR with granuloma annulare after the Moderna COVID‐19 vaccination series. This reported reaction should not limit receipt of the COVID‐19 vaccine, but awareness of this association can minimise additional work‐up and treatment.
Thermoplastic vulcanizates with an integration of good mechanical performance and excellent resistance to high temperature and oil based on HNBR/TPEE
Authors: Cui Ziwen , Jing Yuanrong , Wang Lin , Liu Yingjun , Du Aihua 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs), with a combination of excellent resilience of conventional elastomer and re‐processibility of thermoplastic, have been widely explored both in academia and industry in recent years. Herein, a new type of thermoplastic vulcanizates with good mechanical performance, excellent resistance to high temperature and oil has been successfully developed based on hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR) and thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE) by the masterbatch procedure of dynamic vulcanization. The effect of composition ratio of rubber phase/plastic phase (R/P ratio) on the mechanical properties, rheological properties, micromorphology, thermal stability, high temperature‐ and oil‐ resistance of HNBR/TPEE TPV was systematically investigated. The results show that all HNBR/TPEE TPVs exhibit good tensile strength, low hardness, superior stretchability (≥880% elongation at break) and high elasticity (only 13% residual strain when stretched at 50% strain). Interestingly, with the increase in R/P ratio, the hardness of TPVs is decreased linearly and the elasticity increases. Besides, by combining the morphology study and rubber processing analyzer suggest that size of the dispersed rubber phase domains increases significantly as R/P ratio increases, which strengthen the rubber network, creating a better elasticity but reduces the rheological properties of TPVs. In addition, the thermogravimetric analysis shows that the thermal stability of TPV improved with the increase of R/P ratio. HNBR/TPEE TPV shows excellent high temperature‐ and oil‐ resistance after aging which is expected to be used in automotive applications.
Semimechanistic modeling of copeptin and aldosterone kinetics and dynamics in response to rehydration treatment for diabetic ketoacidosis in children
Authors: Otto Marije E. , Burckhardt Marie‐Anne , Szinnai Gabor , Pfister Marc , Gotta Verena 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDiabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a frequent complication of type 1 diabetes (T1D), is characterized by hyperosmolar hypovolemia. The response of water‐regulating hormones arginine vasopressin (AVP; antidiuretic hormone) and aldosterone to DKA treatment in children is not well understood, although they may have potential as future diagnostic, prognostic, and/or treatment monitoring markers in diabetic patients. We aimed to characterize the dynamics of the response in copeptin (marker for AVP) and aldosterone secretion to rehydration treatment in pediatric patients with DKA. Data originated from a prospective, observational, multicenter study including 28 pediatric T1D patients treated for DKA (median age, 11.5 years; weight, 35 kg). Serial measurements of hormone levels were obtained during 72 h following rehydration start. Semimechanistic pharmacometric modeling was used to analyze the kinetic/dynamic relationship of copeptin and aldosterone secretion in response to the correction of hyperosmolality and hypovolemia, respectively. Modeling revealed different sensitivities for osmolality‐dependent copeptin secretion during the first 72 h of rehydration, possibly explained by an osmotic shift introduced by hypovolemia. Response in aldosterone secretion to the correction of hypovolemia seemed to be delayed, which was well described by an extra upstream turnover compartment, possibly representing chronic upregulation of aldosterone synthase (cytochrome P450 11B2). In conclusion, semimechanistic modeling provided novel physiological insights in hormonal water regulation in pediatric patients during DKA treatment, providing rationale to further evaluate the potential of monitoring copeptin, but not aldosterone due to its delayed response, for future optimization of rehydration treatment to reduce the risk of acute complications such as cerebral edema.
Management practice and soil properties affect plant productivity and root biomass in endophyte‐symbiotic and endophyte‐free meadow fescue grasses
Authors: Keronen Sanna , Helander Marjo , Saikkonen Kari , Fuchs Benjamin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionPesticides are increasingly used in intensely managed agro‐environments, with an increasingly acknowledged impact on crop production, root establishment and plant resilience. At the same time management practices are intensified with the goal to maximize productivity.Materials and MethodsIn a greenhouse, we studied the effects of three mowing regimes (uncut, and cutting 5 or 15 cm) employed three times during the season on root and shoot biomass and chlorophyll content of the cool‐season grass Festuca pratensis (meadow fescue) growing in soil with a history of glyphosate‐based herbicide (GBH) use, the corresponding control soil, and sterilized control soil. Half of the plants hosted a systemic and vertically transmitted fungal endophyte, Epichloë uncinata, which is known to promote host grass growth.ResultsEndophyte symbiosis did not affect any tested plant parameters. Cutting the plants to 5 cm decreased both root and cumulative shoot biomass. Herbicide soil history, together with intense cutting (5 cm), caused a decrease in shoot biomass and lowered the chlorophyll content. Surprisingly, soil sterilization boosted shoot biomass and chlorophyll concentrations during less intense cutting (15 cm) and noncutting when compared to the control soil. Root biomass reduced in uncut plants when growing in soil with a history of glyphosate use.ConclusionOur results indicate that GBH residues in the soil can diminish shoot biomass when grass is frequently cut. Decreased root biomass caused by soil glyphosate history goes together with a reduction of carbon allocation belowground, which decreases grassland resilience to climate warming, increasingly occurring droughts and extreme weather events.
Detection of Glucose Based on Noble Metal Nanozymes: Mechanism, Activity Regulation, and Enantioselective Recognition
Authors: Chen Jiaqi , Liu Xiaoyang , Zheng Guangchao , Feng Wei , Wang Pan , Gao Jian , Liu Jianbo , Wang Mingzhe , Wang Qingyuan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGlucose monitoring is essential to evaluate the degree of glucose metabolism disorders. The enzymatic determination has been the most widely used method in glucose detection because of its high efficiency, accuracy, and sensitivity. Noble metal nanomaterials (NMs, i.e., Au, Ag, Pt, and Pd), inheriting their excellent electronic, optical, and enzyme‐like properties, are classified as noble metal nanozymes (NMNZs). As the NMNZs are often involved in two series of reactions, the oxidation of glucose and the chromogenic reaction of peroxide, here the chemical mechanism by employing NMNZs with glucose oxidase (GOx) and peroxidase (POD) mimicking activities is briefly summarized first. Subsequently, the regulation strategies of the GOx‐like, POD‐like and tandem enzyme‐like activities of NMNZs are presented in detail, including the materials, size, morphology, composition, and the reaction condition of the representative NMs. In addition, in order to further mimic the enantioselectivity of enzyme, the design of NMNZs with enantioselective recognition of d‐glucose and l‐glucose by using different chiral compounds (DNA, amino acids, and cyclodextrins) and molecular imprinting is further described in this review. Finally, the feasible solutions to the existing challenges and a vision for future development possibilities are discussed.
Structure prediction via global energy landscape exploration of the ternary rare‐earth compound LaOI
Authors: Pejić M. , Zagorac D. , Zagorac J. , Matović B. , Schön J. C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCrystal structure prediction has been performed via the global exploration of the energy landscape of lanthanum oxyiodide (LaOI), using simulated annealing and involving over one million local optimizations. Afterwards, the most promising structure candidates among the minima found were subjected to local optimizations onab initiolevel. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed, using the GGA‐PBE functional, together with the hybrid HSE06 exchange‐correlation functional. Seven most relevant low‐energy minima were found after the finalab initiorelaxation. The global minimum found corresponds to the α‐LaOI tetragonal structure in agreement with previous experimental and theoretical reports. The prediction of the additional β‐, γ‐, δ‐, ϵ‐, ζ‐, and η‐LaOI modifications demonstrate the rich diversity of local cation‐anion coordinations and structure types ranging from cubic and tetragonal, over rhombohedral and orthorhombic to monoclinic symmetry. Moreover, there are many previous experimental reports on related structures in the lanthanide oxyfluorides, which might guide possible future syntheses of LaOI‐modifications. A successful synthesis of these novel LaOI materials could have multiple technological applications ranging from nano‐ and bio‐materials to medicine, solid oxide fuel cells and photocatalytic materials.
The Dissipation Properties of Transport Noise
Authors: Flandoli Franco , Luongo Eliseo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe aim of this work is to present, in a compact way, the latest results about the dissipation properties of transport noise in fluid mechanics. Starting from the reasons why transport noise is natural in a passive scalar equation for the heat diffusion and transport, several results about enhanced dissipation due to the noise are presented. Rigorous statements are matched with numerical experiments in order to understand that the sufficient conditions stated are not yet optimal but give a first useful indication.
Erste Schritte zur automatisierten Generation von Items in einem webbasierten Tracingsystem
Authors: Bastian Morten , Mühling Andreas 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag stellt die Ergebnisse einer Vorstudie und einer experimentellen Studie (N = 273) in der Sekundarstufe und der Universität im Kontext der Programmierung, genauer der Programmablaufverfolgung (Tracing), vor. Das Ziel ist die automatische Generierung von Items in einem adaptiven Testsystem, die bekannte Fehlvorstellungen sichtbar machen können. Verglichen werden dazu zunächst die empirisch unter Lernenden ermittelten Schwierigkeiten bekannter Items mit den Schwierigkeiten, die aus einem theoretischen Vorhersagemodell abgeleitet werden, sowie mit einem Rating von Experten. Darauf aufbauend werden Items anhand von einfachen Regeln generiert und in einer Hauptstudie deren durch die Regeln vorhergesagte Schwierigkeitsrangfolge empirisch überprüft. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine solche regelbasierte Generierung von Items vielversprechend ist. Bestimmte Programmkonstrukte sind hinsichtlich ihrer Schwierigkeit auf diese Weise gut klassifizierbar und können so für die automatisierte Itemkonstruktion genutzt werden. Praktisch erlauben solche adaptiven Testverfahren in kurzer Zeit die Diagnose von Fehlvorstellungen, die eine große Hürde in der Programmierausbildung darstellen. Aufgrund der Regeln und des Itemformats ist es darüber hinaus möglich, gezielt Feedback zu den Fehlvorstellungen an die Testerinnen und Tester, oder auch die Lernenden selbst, zu geben.
On Loops in Water Wave Branches and Monotonicity of Water Waves
Authors: Kozlov Vladimir 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe give a quite simple approach how to prove the absence of loops in bifurcation branches of water waves in rotational case with arbitrary vorticity distribution. The supporting flow may contain stagnation points and critical layers and water surface is allowed to be overhanging. Monotonicity properties of the free surface are presented. Especially simple criterium of absence of loops is given for bifurcation branches when the bifurcation parameter is the water wave period. We show that there are no loops if you start from a water wave with a positive/negative vertical component of velocity on the positive half period.
Transparenz in der klinischen Forschung: Welchen Beitrag leistet die neue EU-Verordnung 536/2014?
Authors: Strech Daniel 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungKlinische Studien können in 4 Bereichen mehr oder weniger transparent sein: A) Studienregistrierung, B) Ergebnisveröffentlichung, C) Teilen von Daten und Codes, D) studienbezogene Dokumente. Dieser Diskussionsbeitrag erläutert, in welcher Ausprägung die EU-Verordnung 536/2014 (Clinical Trials Regulation – CTR) den Bereich Ergebnisveröffentlichung bei interventionellen Arzneimittelstudien nachweisbar positiv beeinflusst hat und wie sie die Verfügbarkeit studienbezogener Dokumente für unabhängige Forschung in Zukunft verbessern kann.Da der positive Trend aktuell nur im Bereich Ergebnisveröffentlichung auszumachen ist und zudem nur bei der Subgruppe interventioneller Arzneimittelstudien, scheint sich eine „2-Klassen-Transparenz“ zu entwickeln, die zwischen Studien gemäß CTR und den übrigen Studien unterscheidet. Unabhängig von der CTR sollten sich deshalb akademische Einrichtungen, Förderer und Ethikkommissionen mit der besseren Umsetzung aller 4 Transparenzbereiche beschäftigen und dies bei allen klinischen Studien. Ein Monitoring zur Umsetzung der Transparenz bei klinischen Studien wäre ein wichtiger erster Schritt, um den Handlungsbedarf zu konkretisieren. Eine Neuerung im Kontext Transparenz klinischer Studien könnte sich zudem dadurch ergeben, dass das neue EU-Portal „Clinical Trials Information System“ (CTIS) gemäß CTR studienbezogene Dokumente zur informierten Einwilligung (Informed Consent), Studienprotokolle und Prüferinformationen (Investigator Brochures) transparenter machen soll. Damit ergäbe sich erstmals die Möglichkeit einer unabhängigen Forschung und Qualitätssicherung zu Fragen der informierten Einwilligung und der Nutzen-Schaden-Abwägung bei klinischen Studien.
Verruköser exophytischer Tumor der Glans penis
Authors: Aebischer Valentin , Forchhammer Stephan 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungEin 59-jähriger Patient stellte sich mit einem seit 1 Jahr wachsenden Tumor an der Glans penis vor, den wir exzidierten. Histologisch zeigte sich eine akanthotische Epidermis, unter der die Papillarkörper prall angefüllt waren mit zahlreichen schaumigen Histiozyten. Der Befund entspricht einem verruziformen Xanthom. Die Differenzialdiagnose eines Peniskarzinoms erfordert eine deutlich radikalere Therapie. Da mutilierende Penisoperationen mit erheblichen psychosexuellen Belastungen für die Patienten einhergehen, kann die Kenntnis dieser gutartigen Diagnose einem vorschnell aggressiven Vorgehen bei ähnlichen Tumoren vorbeugen und zu bedachtem Vorgehen anregen.
Heating of Large Endovascular Stents and Stent Grafts in Magnetic Particle Imaging—Influence of Measurement Parameters and Isocenter Distance
Authors: Wegner Franz , von Gladiss Anselm , Wei Huimin , Behrends André , Grzyska Ulrike , Sieren Malte M. , Haegele Julian , Graeser Matthias , Buzug Thorsten M. , Barkhausen Joerg , Friedrich Thomas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a tomographic imaging modality with the potential for cardiovascular applications. In this context, the extent to which stents are heated should be estimated from safety perspective. Furthermore, the influence of the measurement parameters and stent distance to the isocenter of the MPI scanner on stent heating were evaluated.

Materials and Methods
Nine different endovascular stents and stent grafts were tested in polyvinyl-chloride tubes. The stents had diameters from 10 to 31 mm, lengths between 25 and 100 mm and were made from stainless steel, nitinol or cobalt-chromium. The temperature differences were recorded with fiber-optic thermometers. All measurements were performed in a preclinical commercial MPI scanner. The measurement parameters were varied (drive field strengths: 3, 6, 9, 12 mT and selection field gradients: 0, 1.25 and 2.5 T/m). Furthermore, measurements with different distances to the scanner’s isocenter were performed (100 to 0 mm).

Results
All stents showed heating (maximum 53.1 K, minimum 4.6 K). The stent diameter directly correlated with the temperature increase. The drive field strength influenced the heating of the stents, whereas the selection field gradient had no detectable impact. The heating of the stents decreased with increasing distance from the scanner’s isocenter and thus correlated with the loss of the scanner’s magnetic field.

Conclusion
Stents can cause potentially harmful heating in MPI. In addition to the stent diameter and design, the drive field strength and the distance to the MPI scanner’s isocenter must be kept in mind as influencing parameters.
Prediction of incident cardiovascular events using machine learning and CMR radiomics
Authors: Pujadas Esmeralda Ruiz , Raisi-Estabragh Zahra , Szabo Liliana , McCracken Celeste , Morcillo Cristian Izquierdo , Campello Víctor M. , Martín-Isla Carlos , Atehortua Angelica M. , Vago Hajnalka , Merkely Bela , Maurovich-Horvat Pal , Harvey Nicholas C. , Neubauer Stefan , Petersen Steffen E. , Lekadir Karim 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Evaluation of the feasibility of using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) radiomics in the prediction of incident atrial fibrillation (AF), heart failure (HF), myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke using machine learning techniques.

Methods
We identified participants from the UK Biobank who experienced incident AF, HF, MI, or stroke during the continuous longitudinal follow-up. The CMR indices and the vascular risk factors (VRFs) as well as the CMR images were obtained for each participant. Three-segmented regions of interest (ROIs) were computed: right ventricle cavity, left ventricle (LV) cavity, and LV myocardium in end-systole and end-diastole phases. Radiomics features were extracted from the 3D volumes of the ROIs. Seven integrative models were built for each incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) as an outcome. Each model was built with VRF, CMR indices, and radiomics features and a combination of them. Support vector machine was used for classification. To assess the model performance, the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC were reported.

Results
AF prediction model using the VRF+CMR+Rad model (accuracy: 0.71, AUC 0.76) obtained the best result. However, the AUC was similar to the VRF+Rad model. HF showed the most significant improvement with the inclusion of CMR metrics (VRF+CMR+Rad: 0.79, AUC 0.84). Moreover, adding only the radiomics features to the VRF reached an almost similarly good performance (VRF+Rad: accuracy 0.77, AUC 0.83). Prediction models looking into incident MI and stroke reached slightly smaller improvement.

Conclusions
Radiomics features may provide incremental predictive value over VRF and CMR indices in the prediction of incident CVDs.

Key Points
• Prediction of incident atrial fibrillation, heart failure, stroke, and myocardial infarction using machine learning techniques.
• CMR radiomics, vascular risk factors, and standard CMR indices will be considered in the machine learning models.
• The experiments show that radiomics features can provide incremental predictive value over VRF and CMR indices in the prediction of incident cardiovascular diseases.
Tear film layers and meibomian gland assessment in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus using a noninvasive ocular surface analyzer: a cross-sectional case–control study
Authors: Silva-Viguera María-Carmen , Pérez-Barea Alicia , Bautista-Llamas María-José 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Purpose
To assess the tear film layers and Meibomian glands by a noninvasive ocular surface analyzer in patients with and without type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Methods
Eighty-eight participants were enrolled in this study: 44 patients with T1DM without diabetic retinopathy, and 44 patients as a control group, between 18 and 49 years old. Limbal and bulbar redness classification, lipid layer thickness (LLT), tear meniscus height (TMH), first and mean noninvasive tear break-up time (FNIBUT and MNIBUT, respectively), and Meibomian glands loss (MGL) were assessment through the ICP Ocular Surface Analyzer (OSA). Schirmer’s I test (SIT), the fluorescein tear break-up time test (TFBUT), OSDI and SPEED questionnaires, and percentage of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were also tested.

Results
The T1DM group showed higher limbal and bulbar redness (p = 0.010) and lower LLT (p < 0.001), TMH (p < 0.001), FNIBUT (p < 0.001), MNIBUT (p < 0.001), SIT (p = 0.001), and TFBUT (p < 0.001) than the control group. A higher percentage of MGL was found in the T1DM group in the upper (p = 0.097) and lower (p < 0.001) eyelids. No significant differences were found in dry eye symptoms across the OSDI and SPEED questionnaires between the two groups.

Conclusion
Patients with T1DM without signs of retinopathy showed involvement of the mucoaqueous and lipid layers of the tear film, as well as a higher percentage of MGL, using a noninvasive analyzer. Dry eye disease in people with T1DM cannot be ruled out by anamnesis and subjective symptom questionnaires alone; therefore, these patients should undergo regular anterior pole examinations.