bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetically predicted frailty index and risk of stroke and Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Liu Weishi , Zhang Luyang , Fang Hui , Gao Yuan , Liu Kai , Li Shen , Liu Hongbing , Wang Xin , Liu Chen , Song Bo , Xia Zongping , Xu Yuming 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground and purposePrevious studies have reported the association between frailty and stroke or Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the causality remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether genetically predicted frailty is associated with the risk of stroke or AD by a Mendelian randomization (MR) study.MethodsGenetic variants associated with the frailty index (FI) were obtained from a large genome‐wide association study (GWAS). Summary‐level data for stroke and AD were adopted from the corresponding large GWAS of individuals of European ancestry. The inverse variance weighted method was used for estimating causal effects. Multivariable analysis was performed for further adjustment.ResultsThe present MR study indicated a suggestive association between genetically predicted FI and a higher risk of any stroke (odds ratio 1.360, 95% confidence interval 1.006–1.838, p = 0.046). Regarding the subtypes of stroke, genetically predicted FI was associated with a higher risk of large artery atherosclerosis stroke (LAS) (odds ratio 2.487, 95% confidence interval 1.282–4.826, p = 0.007). No causal links were identified between genetically predicted FI and any ischaemic stroke, intracranial haemorrhage, cardioembolic stroke, small artery stroke, AD or AD‐by‐proxy. Multivariable MR analysis indicated that the association of genetically predicted FI with LAS was attenuated after adjustment for inflammatory bowel disease (p = 0.114).ConclusionsThe MR study suggested that genetically predicted FI may be associated with an increased risk of any stroke. Subgroup analysis indicated a suggestive association between genetically predicted FI and the risk of LAS. The underlying mechanisms need further investigation.
Effects of collaborative writing and peer feedback on Spanish as a foreign language writing performance
Authors: Bueno‐Alastuey Mª Camino , Vasseur Raychel , Elola Idoia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study explores the effect of collaborative writing (CW) and peer feedback (PF) practices on subsequent individual writing assignments. Two groups of university students in a Spanish as a foreign language course experienced both CW and PF (Group 1 CW then PF; Group 2 PF then CW), and pre and posttests were analyzed for syntactic complexity, lexical diversity, accuracy, and fluency, as well as for overall quality using an analytic scale. Results suggest both treatments produced improvements, although PF was more beneficial for syntactic complexity, fluency, and overall quality, while CW led to more accurate texts. The order of treatments also affected scores: PF followed by CW produced better results in overall quality and fluency, while CW followed by PF was more beneficial for syntactic complexity and accuracy. Based on the results, pedagogical implications and recommendations, as well as limitations and suggestions for future research, are provided.
Effect of soil acidification on regrowth of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata) under application of grazing cattle dung, cattle manure compost, and chemical fertilizer
Authors: Kakihara Hidetoshi , Ogura Shin‐ichiro 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOrchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata) persists poorly in acidic soils. Not many studies have looked into the effects of fertilizers in improving orchardgrass persistence within acidic soils. We conducted experiments on 64 individual potted orchardgrass plants, which were defoliated to 5 cm and assigned to one of the following four treatment groups: unfertilized control (CNT), chemical fertilizer (CHE), grazing cattle dung (DNG), and cattle manure compost (CMP). Half the pots in each treatment received aluminum sulfate solution to induce further soil acidification (Al‐add), while the others received water (no‐Al). On days 20 and 47, after defoliation, soil properties and dry weights of aboveground biomass (AGB) (separated into leaves and stubble) and roots of four pots in each treatment group were measured. Al‐add induced soil acidification in all fertilizers across the experiment (p < 0.05). On day 20, AGB and leaves in CHE was increased by acidification (p < 0.05), which was not observed in other fertilizer treatments (p > 0.1). Stubble growth increased following acidification in all fertilizer treatments (p < 0.05). Acidification did not increase AGB on day 47; no effect was seen on root growth at either day 20 or 47 (p > 0.1). On day 20, soil concentrations of inorganic nitrogen (IN), nitrate‐nitrogen (NO3‐N), and ammonium‐nitrogen (NH4‐N) were significantly elevated in Al‐add pots (p < 0.05). The increment was greater in CHE and CMP than in CNT and DNG on day 20, with a similar trend being observed for IN and NH4‐N concentrations at day 47. IN and NH4‐N concentrations in DNG with no‐Al increased over the regrowth period. These results indicate that orchardgrass regrowth in acidic soils can be improved by fertilizer addition, depending on fertilizer type. The increased concentration of soil IN, induced by soil acidification, is likely to be one of the factors encouraging growth. This increase of regrowth may favor the persistence of orchardgrass in strongly acidic soils.
The career resilience of senior women managers: A cross‐cultural perspective
Authors: Jogulu Uma , Franken Esmé 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article examines how cultural contexts influence the demonstration of resilient behaviors of women senior managers in large organizations. We compare the experiences of Malaysian and Australian women overcoming key challenges and obstacles in their career journeys by engaging in the resilience strategies of network leveraging, learning, and adaptability. Our findings reveal the unique, complex, and contextual nature of career resilience, and show how resilience can be demonstrated, often differently, across culture and context. Our study adds to the existing body of literature in the areas of careers, gender in the workplace, and resilience, by highlighting how senior women sustain and navigate their career paths within the constraints of their socio‐cultural contexts. Practical and scholarly implications are discussed.
Assessing the experience of person‐centred coordinated care of people with chronic conditions in the Netherlands: Validation of the Dutch P3CEQ
Authors: Rijken Mieke , Close James , Menting Juliane , Lette Manon , Stoop Annerieke , Zonneveld Nick , de Bruin Simone R. , Lloyd Helen , Heijmans Monique 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundCountries are adapting their health and social care systems to better meet the needs of growing populations with (multiple) chronic conditions. To guide this process, assessment of the ‘patient experience’ is becoming increasingly important. For this purpose, the Person‐Centred Coordinated Care Experience Questionnaire (P3CEQ) was developed in the United Kingdom, and translated into several languages.AimThis study aimed to assess the internal and construct validity of the Dutch P3CEQ to capture the experience of person‐centred coordinated care of people with chronic conditions in the Netherlands.Participants and MethodsAdults with chronic conditions (N = 1098) completed the Dutch P3CEQ, measures of health literacy and patient activation, and reported the use and perceived quality of care services. Data analysis included Principal Component and reliability analysis (internal validity), analysis of variance and Student'sT‐tests (construct validity).ResultsThe two‐component structure found was pretty much the same as in the UK validation study. Sociodemographic correlates also resembled those found in the United Kingdom. Women, persons who were less educated, less health‐literate or less activated experienced less person‐centred coordinated care. P3CEQ scores correlated positively with general practitioner performance scores and quality ratings of the total care received.ConclusionThe Dutch P3CEQ is a valid instrument to assess the experience of person‐centred coordinated care among people with chronic conditions in the Netherlands. Awareness of inequity and more attention to communication skills in professional training are needed to ensure that care professionals better recognize the needs of women, lower educated or less health‐literate persons, and improve their experiences of care.Patient ContributionThe P3CEQ has been developed in collaboration with a range of stakeholders. Eighteen persons with (multiple) chronic conditions participated as patient representatives and codesign experts in (four) codesign workshops. Other patient representatives participated in cognitive testing of the English‐language instrument. The usability of the P3CEQ to capture the experience of person‐centred coordinated care of older persons has been examined by interviewing 228 older European service users, including 13 living in the Netherlands, as part of the SUSTAIN project. More than a thousand persons with chronic conditions participated in the validation study of the Dutch P3CEQ.
Glycemic treatment deintensification practices in nursing home residents with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Lederle Lauren I. , Steinman Michael A. , Jing Bocheng , Nguyen Brian , Lee Sei J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundOlder nursing home (NH) residents with glycemic overtreatment are at significant risk of hypoglycemia and other harms and may benefit from deintensification. However, little is known about deintensification practices in this setting.MethodsWe conducted a cohort study from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2019 among Veterans Affairs (VA) NH residents. Participants were VA NH residents age ≥65 with type 2 diabetes with a NH length of stay (LOS) ≥ 30 days and an HbA1c result during their NH stay. We defined overtreatment as HbA1c <6.5 with any insulin use, and potential overtreatment as HbA1c <7.5 with any insulin use or HbA1c <6.5 on any glucose‐lowering medication (GLM) other than metformin alone. Our primary outcome was continued glycemic overtreatment without deintensification 14 days after HbA1c.ResultsOf the 7422 included residents, 17% of residents met criteria for overtreatment and an additional 23% met criteria for potential overtreatment. Among residents overtreated and potentially overtreated at baseline, 27% and 19%, respectively had medication regimens deintensified (73% and 81%, respectively, continued to be overtreated). Long‐acting insulin use and hyperglycemia ≥300 mg/dL before index HbA1c were associated with increased odds of continued overtreatment (odds ratio [OR] 1.37, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14–1.65 and OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.10–1.66, respectively). Severe functional impairment (MDS‐ADL score ≥ 19) was associated with decreased odds of continued overtreatment (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.56–0.95). Hypoglycemia was not associated with decreased odds of overtreatment.ConclusionsOvertreatment of diabetes in NH residents is common and a minority of residents have their medication regimens appropriately deintensified. Deprescribing initiatives targeting residents at high risk of harms and with low likelihood of benefit such as those with history of hypoglycemia, or high levels of cognitive or functional impairment are most likely to identify NH residents most likely to benefit from deintensification.
Health service nutrition practices and associations with clinical outcomes in patients undergoing resection for upper gastrointestinal cancer: Results from the multi‐centre NOURISH point prevalence study
Authors: Deftereos Irene , Yeung Justin M. C. , Arslan Janan , Carter Vanessa M. , Isenring Elizabeth , Kiss Nicole ,   The NOURISH Point Prevalence Study Group
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe present study aimed to investigate health service nutrition practices of sites providing care to patients undergoing surgery for upper gastrointestinal cancer within Australia, including the provision of perioperative nutrition support services and outpatient clinics, as well as the use of evidence‐based nutrition care pathways/protocols. Secondary aims were to investigate associations between the use of a nutrition care pathway/protocol and patient outcomes.MethodsPrincipal investigator dietitians for the sites (n = 27) participating in the NOURISH point prevalence study participated in a purpose‐built site‐specific survey regarding perioperative nutrition practices and protocols. Data from the 200 patients who participated in the study (including malnutrition prevalence, preoperative weight loss and receipt of dietetics intervention, intraoperative feeding tube insertions, provision of nutrition support day 1 post surgery, length of stay, and complications) were investigated using multivariate analysis to determine associations with the sites' use of a nutrition care pathway/protocol.ResultsThe majority of sites (>92%) reported having dietetics services available in chemotherapy/radiotherapy. Eighty‐five percent of sites reported having some form of outpatient clinic service; however, a routine service was only available at 26% of sites preoperatively and 37% postoperatively. Most preoperative services were embedded into surgical/oncology clinics (70%); however, this was reported for only 44% of postoperative clinics. Only 44% had a nutrition care pathway/protocol in place. The use of a nutrition care pathway/protocol was associated with lower rates of malnutrition, as well as higher rates of preoperative dietetics intervention, intraoperative feeding tube insertions, and European Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) guideline compliant care day 1 post surgery.ConclusionsThe results of the present study demonstrate varied perioperative outpatient nutrition services in this high‐risk patient group. The use of nutrition care pathways and protocols was associated with improved patient outcomes.
Can people living with and beyond colorectal cancer make lifestyle changes with the support of health technology: A feasibility study
Authors: Nelson Victoria , Cross Amanda J. , Powell Jonathan , Shaw Clare 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundRates of cancer survival are increasing, with more people living with and beyond cancer. Lifestyle recommendations for cancer survivors are based largely on extrapolation from cancer prevention recommendations. This feasibility study was designed to investigate diet and physical activity variables linked to primary prevention and digital behaviour change interventions in cancer survivors and delivered by an oncology dietitian to plan for future research.MethodsIn this 2‐month feasibility study, participants who had completed treatment for colorectal cancer were invited to complete online food diaries, underwent physical activity assessment, attended fortnightly telephone consultations with an oncology dietitian and completed an evaluation form. The baseline food diaries were used to help participants pick two lifestyle changes to focus on throughout the intervention. Demographic and clinical data were analysed using descriptive statistics.ResultsIn total, 996 patients were screened for eligibility; of these, 78 were eligible to approach and 69 were approached, resulting in 20 participants consenting to take part. Overall, the intervention was acceptable with 65% of participants completing an online food diary and 70% engaging with the dietitian over the telephone. The intervention received good feedback, with 100% of those completing the evaluation form reporting they felt supported and found it helpful.ConclusionsThe present study offers preliminary evidence that a lifestyle intervention delivered by an oncology dietitian using digital behaviour change interventions (DBCIs) to cancer survivors is feasible and accepted by participants and providers.
Fatal Chryseobacterium indologenes infection in a captive red‐shanked Douc langur (Pygathrix nemaeus)
Authors: Chong Shin Min , Douay Guillaume , Heng Yirui , Chng You Rong , Tay Yih Hong , Wong Wai Kwan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe report a case of fatal Chryseobacterium indologenes infection in a captive juvenile red‐shanked Douc langur in Singapore Zoo. The animal was treated for suspected melioidosis but died within 48 h. Chryseobacterium indolegenes was isolated from the liver and should be included as a differential for bacterial infections in the tropics.
Efficacy of a mixed preparation containing piperine, capsaicin and curcumin in the treatment of alopecia areata
Authors: Mao Yaqi , Xu Ziqian , Song Jun , Xie Yihui , Mei Xingyu , Shi Weimin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlopecia areata is a common non‐scarring alopecia, mainly manifested as sudden localized patchy alopecia. It is currently believed to be related to autoimmune, genetic, emotional stress, and endocrine factors.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the mixed preparation of piperine, capsaicin, and curcumin on alopecia areata treatment.MethodsSixty patients were enrolled in this study and divided into 2 groups randomly: topical treated with the mixed preparation (case) twice daily and 5%minoxidil (control) once daily for 3 months. The degree of hair loss was assessed by SALT and dermoscopy.ResultsOn the completion of the study, compared with baseline, statistically significant regrowth occurred in both groups (p < 0.05). The mean SALT scores and hair follicle status under trichoscopy at baseline and at the end of 12 weeks in the mixed preparation group and in the minoxidil group were comparable, respectively. The effective rate of mixed preparation group was 63.33% and minoxidil group was 70%. Adverse symptoms were temporary and no serious adverse event occurred.ConclusionBased on our findings, the mixed preparation of piperine, capsaicin, and curcumin is effective in treating alopecia areata, but it has not been shown to be superior to minoxidil in short‐term therapy.
The weedEleusine indicaas an alternative host ofFusarium oxysporumf.sp.cubensetropical race 4 causing Fusarium wilt in Cavendish banana
Authors: Catambacan Dennice G. , Cumagun Christian Joseph R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOne of the most common weeds in commercial and abandoned Cavendish banana farms,Eleusine indicawas tested on its role as an alternative host ofFusarium oxysporumf.sp.cubenseTropical Race 4 (FocTR4), causal agent of Fusarium wilt disease of banana. Different isolates of TR4 from various parts of a Cavendish banana were inoculated to the weedE. indicawith Cavendish cv. Grand Naine as banana control. Colonization ofFocTR4 in artificially inoculatedE. indicaand Grand Naine was confirmed through DNA‐based detection (real‐time PCR) from fungal cultures re‐isolated fromE. indicaand various parts of Grand Naine. Results showed thatE. indicacan be colonized after artificial inoculation by differentFocTR4 isolates. Percent TR4‐colonized samples ofE. indicawere, however, lower compared to the primary host Cavendish banana. AllFocTR4‐colonizedE. indicadid not show wilting and hence were asymptomatic. Compared toFocTR4 isolates re‐isolated from Cavendish banana Grand Naine, all re‐isolated various TR4 isolates from artificially inoculatedE. indicawere more pathogenic based on percent Fusarium wilt incidence when re‐introduced back to the primary host Cavendish banana. MoreFocTR4 isolates were significantly more aggressive based on shorter incubation period or number of days to onset of symptom expression, and were significantly more virulent based on higher severity of rhizome discoloration of Cavendish banana plantlets. AllFocTR4 isolates re‐isolated from eitherE. indicaor Grand Naine resulted to the same degree of leaf yellowing when re‐introduced to Cavendish banana. This study concludes thatE. indicacolonized byFocTR4 could serve as relevant reservoir of the pathogen in the field indicating that weed management should be integral to the management of Fusarium wilt disease of Cavendish banana.
The phytomelatonin receptor PMTR1 regulates seed development and germination by modulating abscisic acid homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Yin Xiaoming , Bai Ya‐Li , Gong Chunyan , Song Wenli , Wu Yan , Ye Tiantian , Feng Yu‐Qi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMelatonin is known to involve multiple physiological actions in plants. Herein, we found that exogenous melatonin inhibited the Arabidopsis seedling growth through the elevated abscisic acid (ABA) levels, and the elevated ABA was ascribed to the upregulation of 9‐cis‐epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase genes (NCEDs) in the ABA biosynthesis pathway. We also found that the overexpression lines of the melatonin receptor gene PMTR1 (also known as Cand2) yielded smaller seeds and germinated slower than the wild type, whereas PMTR1‐knockout mutants produced larger seeds and germinated faster than the wild type. During the seed development, the accumulation peak of ABA was higher in the PMTR1‐knockout mutant, while it was lower in the PMTR1‐overexpression line than that in the wild type. In the dry seeds and imbibed seeds, the PMTR1‐overexpression line accumulated higher ABA levels, while the PMTR1‐knockout contained less ABA than the wild type. In summary, our findings suggest that PMTR1 is involved in ABA‐mediated seed development and germination in Arabidopsis.
Analysis and experimental investigation of Apollo sample 12032,366‐18, a chemically evolved basalt from the Moon
Authors: Stadermann Amanda C. , Jolliff Bradley L. , Krawczynski Michael J. , Hamilton Christopher W. , Barnes Jessica J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Sample 12032,366‐18 is a 41.2 mg basaltic rock fragment collected during the Apollo 12 mission to the Moon. It is enriched in incompatible trace elements (e.g., 7 ppm Th), but does not have a bulk composition that would be considered a KREEP (enriched in potassium, rare earth elements, and phosphorous) basalt. The sample is of particular interest because it may be representative of some of the mare basalts within Oceanus Procellarum that are inferred to be Th‐rich, based on remote sensing data. The major mineral assemblage of 12032,366‐18 is pyroxene, plagioclase, olivine, and ilmenite, and the bulk composition has 4.2 wt% TiO2, 11.7 wt% Al2O3, and 0.25 wt% K2O. The sample contains regions of late‐stage crystallized minerals and glass (collectively termed mesostasis), including K‐feldspar, apatite, rare earth (RE) merrillite, ilmenite, troilite, silica, and relatively sodic plagioclase adjacent to ferroan pyroxene. The mesostasis also occurs in several areas that are highly enriched in silica and intergrown with K‐feldspar and very fine‐grained, high‐mean‐atomic‐number phases. We explore the petrology of this sample, including the origin of the Si‐K‐rich mesostasis to assess whether the mesostasis had formed by silicate liquid immiscibility (SLI). We used experiments to determine if the bulk composition of 12032,366‐18 is representative of a bulk liquid composition, how the residual liquid evolves, and to investigate the partitioning of elements between phases as the melt evolves. Experiments support that the mesostasis formed by SLI after crystallization of minerals closely matches the major‐mineral assemblage of 12032,366‐18. Experiments bracket the onset of SLI and merrillite saturation between 1024 and 1002 °C. Some high field strength elements, such as Zr and P, partition preferentially into the Fe‐rich liquid. From the experiments, we infer that the bulk composition of 12032,366‐18 represents the magma from which it crystallized. Based on the Th‐rich and KREEP‐bearing chemistry of this sample, along with experimental evidence showing that the sample is representative of a bulk liquid composition and not a cumulate, we conclude that basalt fragment 12032,366‐18 was delivered to the Apollo 12 landing site as ejecta from a distant impact and could represent an Oceanus Procellarum basalt. Missions to Oceanus Procellarum, such as Chang’E 5, have the potential to confirm whether some of those basalts are indeed enriched in Th and other incompatible trace elements as indicated by remote sensing.