bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post-buckling behaviors of thin-film soft-substrate bilayers with finite-thickness substrate
Authors: Li Meng , Sun Bohua 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSurface buckling behaviors of thin-film soft-substrate bilayers have important research value. Recent research has focused on bilayers with infinite-thickness substrates. However, bilayers with finite-thickness substrates widely exist. To study this problem more comprehensively, we extended the stability theory of a beam on an elastic foundation to bilayers and then established a finite element method of bilayers using the neo-Hookean hyperelastic constitutive model. A self-contact analysis method was coupled to the finite element method so that the further buckling evolution of the film surface after folding could be simulated. Based on our analysis of various modulus ratios and thickness ratios, the evolution of the buckling path was significantly influenced by the thickness ratio. Without considering the situation of a prestressed substrate, four new buckling paths were found. Thus, we extended the single buckling path (under infinite thickness substrate) to five types. Our study also found that for path four, the substrate with a certain thickness exhibited a special final stable surface morphology. That is, regardless of the friction, a new periodic morphology after film folding appeared due to the contact slip of the film surface. Finally, further analysis showed that these five buckling paths were all dependent on different modulus ratios and thickness ratios.
Neural-based modeling adsorption capacity of metal organic framework materials with application in wastewater treatment
Authors: Parsaei Mozhgan , Roudbari Elham , Piri Farhad , El-Shafay A. S. , Su Chia-Hung , Nguyen Hoang Chinh , Alashwal May , Ghazali Sami , Algarni Mohammed 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe developed a computational-based model for simulating adsorption capacity of a novel layered double hydroxide (LDH) and metal organic framework (MOF) nanocomposite in separation of ions including Pb(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solutions. The simulated adsorbent was a composite of UiO-66-(Zr)-(COOH)2 MOF grown onto the surface of functionalized Ni50-Co50-LDH sheets. This novel adsorbent showed high surface area for adsorption capacity, and was chosen to develop the model for study of ions removal using this adsorbent. A number of measured data was collected and used in the simulations via the artificial intelligence technique. Artificial neural network (ANN) technique was used for simulation of the data in which ion type and initial concentration of the ions in the feed was selected as the input variables to the neural network. The neural network was trained using the input data for simulation of the adsorption capacity. Two hidden layers with activation functions in form of linear and non-linear were designed for the construction of artificial neural network. The model’s training and validation revealed high accuracy with statistical parameters of R2 equal to 0.99 for the fitting data. The trained ANN modeling showed that increasing the initial content of Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions led to a significant increment in the adsorption capacity (Qe) and Cd(II) had higher adsorption due to its strong interaction with the adsorbent surface. The neural model indicated superior predictive capability in simulation of the obtained data for removal of Pb(II) and Cd(II) from an aqueous solution.
Induction of resistance to Myzus persicae-nicotianae in Cucumber mosaic virus infected tobacco plants using silencing of CMV-2b gene
Authors: Karimi Kazhal , Sadeghi Amin , Maroufpoor Mostafa , Azizi Abdolbaset 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAphids such as tobacco aphidMyzus persicae-nicotianae,are among the most important plant viral vectors and plant viruses encode genes to interact with their vectors.Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV) encodes 2b protein as a suppressor of plant immune and it plays a vital role in CMV accumulation and susceptibility to aphid vectors. In this study, the resistance of tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum) toM. p. nicotianaewas evaluated by silencing of2bin CMV-infected plants. However, thepFGC-C.hsilencing gene construct was transiently expressed usingAgrobacterium tumefacience,LBA 4404 in tobacco leaves, and four days later, the plants were mechanically inoculated by CMV (Kurdistan isolate), and then, 15 days post-inoculation 1 nonviruliferous aphid was placed on each leaf for evaluation of resistance toM. p. nicotianae. To evaluate the tobacco plants resistance and susceptibility toM. p. nicotianae, the number of aphids existent per tobacco leaf, life table and, demographic parameters were recorded and used as a comparison indicator. The obtained results were analyzed using the age-stage, two-sex life table. The highest number of aphids was recorded on the control CMV-infected plants, while the lowest number on CMV infected leaves expressing CMV-2b silencing construct (pFGC-C.h). The obtained data revealed the lowest rate for all of intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) (0.246/day), the rate of reproduction (r0) (17.04 females/generation), and finite rate of increase (λ) (1.279/day), on thepFGC-C.htreatment. The maximum generation time (T) (11.834 days) was observed on (V) treatment. However, the collected data revealed induction of resistance to tobacco aphids by silencing of CMV-2b in CMV infected plants.
Local meridional circulation changes contribute to a projected slowdown of the Indian Ocean Walker circulation
Authors: Sharma Sahil , Ha Kyung-Ja , Cai Wenju , Chung Eui-Seok , Bódai Tamás 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe weakening of zonal atmospheric circulation, a widely accepted projection of climate change in response to global warming, features a weakening of the Indian Ocean Walker circulation (IWC), with an anomalous ascending motion over the western and anomalous descending motion over the eastern Indian Ocean. The projected IWC weakening has previously been attributed to slower warming in the east than the west, that is, to a positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)-like warming pattern. However, such a warming pattern can also be induced by IWC weakening. As a result, the cause-and-effect relationship cannot be easily determined, and the projected change is poorly constrained and highly uncertain. Here, using a suite of coupled climate model simulations under a high-emission scenario, we find that the IWC slowdown is accompanied by not only a positive IOD-like warming pattern but also anomalous meridional circulation that is associated with anomalous descending motion over the eastern Indian Ocean. We further show that the anomalous local meridional circulation is closely linked to enhanced land-sea thermal contrast and is unlikely to result from the positive IOD-like warming pattern, suggesting that the IWC weakening is in part driven by the anomalous local meridional circulation. Our findings underscore the important role of local meridional circulation changes in modulating future IWC changes.
A multicenter evaluation of computable phenotyping approaches for SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 hospitalizations
Authors: Khera Rohan , Mortazavi Bobak J. , Sangha Veer , Warner Frederick , Patrick Young H. , Ross Joseph S. , Shah Nilay D. , Theel Elitza S. , Jenkinson William G. , Knepper Camille , Wang Karen , Peaper David , Martinello Richard A. , Brandt Cynthia A. , Lin Zhenqiu , Ko Albert I. , Krumholz Harlan M. , Pollock Benjamin D. , Schulz Wade L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDiagnosis codes are used to study SARS-CoV2 infections and COVID-19 hospitalizations in administrative and electronic health record (EHR) data. Using EHR data (April 2020–March 2021) at the Yale-New Haven Health System and the three hospital systems of the Mayo Clinic, computable phenotype definitions based on ICD-10 diagnosis of COVID-19 (U07.1) were evaluated against positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR or antigen tests. We included 69,423 patients at Yale and 75,748 at Mayo Clinic with either a diagnosis code or a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. The precision and recall of a COVID-19 diagnosis for a positive test were 68.8% and 83.3%, respectively, at Yale, with higher precision (95%) and lower recall (63.5%) at Mayo Clinic, varying between 59.2% in Rochester to 97.3% in Arizona. For hospitalizations with a principal COVID-19 diagnosis, 94.8% at Yale and 80.5% at Mayo Clinic had an associated positive laboratory test, with secondary diagnosis of COVID-19 identifying additional patients. These patients had a twofold higher inhospital mortality than based on principal diagnosis. Standardization of coding practices is needed before the use of diagnosis codes in clinical research and epidemiological surveillance of COVID-19.
Genome-wide DNA methylation patterns reveal clinically relevant predictive and prognostic subtypes in human osteosarcoma
Authors: Lietz Christopher E. , Newman Erik T. , Kelly Andrew D. , Xiang David H. , Zhang Ziying , Luscko Caroline A. , Lozano-Calderon Santiago A. , Ebb David H. , Raskin Kevin A. , Cote Gregory M. , Choy Edwin , Nielsen G. Petur , Haibe-Kains Benjamin , Aryee Martin J. , Spentzos Dimitrios 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAberrant methylation of genomic DNA has been reported in many cancers. Specific DNA methylation patterns have been shown to provide clinically useful prognostic information and define molecular disease subtypes with different response to therapy and long-term outcome. Osteosarcoma is an aggressive malignancy for which approximately half of tumors recur following standard combined surgical resection and chemotherapy. No accepted prognostic factor save tumor necrosis in response to adjuvant therapy currently exists, and traditional genomic studies have thus far failed to identify meaningful clinical associations. We studied the genome-wide methylation state of primary tumors and tested how they predict patient outcomes. We discovered relative genomic hypomethylation to be strongly predictive of response to standard chemotherapy. Recurrence and survival were also associated with genomic methylation, but through more site-specific patterns. Furthermore, the methylation patterns were reproducible in three small independent clinical datasets. Downstream transcriptional, in vitro, and pharmacogenomic analysis provides insight into the clinical translation of the methylation patterns. Our findings suggest the assessment of genomic methylation may represent a strategy for stratifying patients for the application of alternative therapies.
The Perception of Lexical Tone and Intonation in Whispered Speech by Mandarin-Speaking Congenital Amusics
Authors: Zhang Gaoyuan , Shao Jing , Zhang Caicai , Wang Lan 
Published: March 2022

Purpose:
A fundamental feature of human speech is variation, including the manner of phonation, as exemplified in the case of whispered speech. In this study, we employed whispered speech to examine an unresolved issue about congenital amusia, a neurodevelopmental disorder of musical pitch processing, which also affects speech pitch processing such as lexical tone and intonation perception. The controversy concerns whether amusia is a pitch-processing disorder or can affect speech processing beyond pitch.

Method:

We examined lexical tone and intonation recognition in 19 Mandarin-speaking amusics and 19 matched controls in phonated and whispered speech, where fundamental frequency (
f
o
) information is either present or absent.

Results:

The results revealed that the performance of congenital amusics was inferior to that of controls in lexical tone identification in both phonated and whispered speech. These impairments were also detected in identifying intonation (statements/questions) in phonated and whispered modes. Across the experiments, regression models revealed that
f
o
and non-
f
o
(duration, intensity, and formant frequency) acoustic cues predicted tone and intonation recognition in phonated speech, whereas non-
f
o
cues predicted tone and intonation recognition in whispered speech. There were significant differences between amusics and controls in the use of both
f
o
and non-
f
o
cues.

Conclusion:
The results provided the first evidence that the impairments of amusics in lexical tone and intonation identification prevail into whispered speech and support the hypothesis that the deficits of amusia extend beyond pitch processing.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.19302275
A zonal model for assessing the infection risk distribution of COVID-19 in indoor environments
Authors: Marigo Marco , Tognon Giacomo , De Carli Michele , Zarrella Angelo 
Published: March 2022

Nowadays, the search for new solutions to the pandemic situation caused by the spread of SARS-CoV-2 is one of the most important issues worldwide. The difficulties encountered in finding an effective cure for the infection and the ongoing vaccination campaign place a priority on minimising the transmission of this disease. This paper deals exclusively with the airborne route of transmission for COVID-19, proposing a model for the evaluation of infection risk.
It starts from the well-known Wells-Riley model and its successive modifications and tries to couple it with a zonal model which analyses the air movement in an indoor environment. The objective of this model is evaluating whether the infection risk depends considerably on the position of the infected subject and the susceptible person in the room and how different ventilation concepts affect these aspects.
The model was applied to an office room with a mixing ventilation system. The results obtained concern the sub-division of the considered volume in four cells, each one perfectly mixed. The evaluation of infection risk in different positions was carried out and an analysis on the parameters affecting this value was performed.
Zur Thematisierung von Trans- und Intergeschlechtlichkeit in medizinisch- therapeutischen, gesundheitsbezogenen und pädagogischen Studiengängen und Berufsausbildungen
Authors: Böhm Maika , Voß Heinz-Jürgen 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Obwohl die Themen Trans- und Intergeschlechtlichkeit vermehrt öffentliche Aufmerksamkeit erfahren und sich relevante juristische wie auch medizinische Regelungen in den vergangenen Jahren zunehmend wandeln, wurden deren Vorkommen und Thematisierungsweise in Ausbildungs- und Studiengängen, die für eine spätere Berufstätigkeit „nah am Menschen“ qualifizieren, bislang nicht untersucht.
Forschungsziele Die Studie „Entwicklung von Vorschlägen für die curriculare Fortentwicklung der Ausbildungs- und Studiengänge von Sozial- und Gesundheitsberufen zur Integration von Trans- und Intergeschlechtlichkeit in die Bildungslehrpläne“ (CuFoTI) analysiert in zwölf ausgewählten Bildungsgängen, ob und in welchem Maß Trans- und Intergeschlechtlichkeit in den Curricula thematisiert werden und ob die Darstellungen dem aktuellen wissenschaftlichen Sachstand entsprechen.
Methoden Auf Grundlage eines im ersten Schritt verfassten Sachstands für die Bereiche Recht, Medizin, Psychologie und Soziale Arbeit/Beratung wurden im zweiten Schritt Suchbegriffe generiert und in inhaltlich differenzierte Kriterien überführt, um die Modulkataloge, Curricula und Lehrpläne der zwölf Bildungsgänge computergestützt mittels Maxqda bzgl. der Thematisierungsweisen von Inter- und Transgeschlechtlichkeit zu analysieren. In einem dritten Schritt wurden ausgewählte Lehrmaterialien hinsichtlich ihrer Aktualität und Differenziertheit geprüft.
Ergebnisse Die Studie zeigt, dass die Themen Trans- und Intergeschlechtlichkeit in den untersuchten Ausbildungs- und Studiengängen bislang kaum eine Rolle spielen. In weiten Teilen wird in dem analysierten Material keine geschlechtersensible Sprache genutzt. Während im Studium der Sozialen Arbeit und im Lehramtsstudium zumindest allgemein geschlechtliche Vielfalt, zudem in größerem Maß dem Sachstand entsprechend, thematisiert wird, ist dies in therapeutischen bzw. gesundheitsbezogenen Ausbildungen/Studiengängen deutlich seltener.
Schlussfolgerung Es fehlt weiterhin an konsistenten Curricula, in denen die Bedarfe von trans- und intergeschlechtlichen Personen fokussiert, aktuelle Debatten und Veränderungen der rechtlichen und medizinischen Rahmenbedingungen aufgegriffen und fachspezifische Ableitungen getroffen werden.
Die Umsetzung neuer Untersuchungs- und Behandlungsmethoden in die
vertragsärztliche Kollektivversorgung und in die privatärztliche
ambulante Versorgung
Authors: Walendzik Anke , Abels Carina , Wasem Jürgen 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Hauptziel der Studie ist der Vergleich der
frühesten Erstattungszeitpunkte neuer Untersuchungs- und
Behandlungsmethoden (NUB) in der ambulanten GKV-Versorgung und der
PKV-Versorgung.
Methodik Im Rahmen der Erstattung im GKV System wurde auf die
Beschlüsse und weitergehende Dokumentation des G-BA und des
Bewertungsausschusses zurückgegriffen. Für die Erstattung im PKV
System wurden Beschlüsse der einschlägigen Organe, wie bspw. des
Zentralen Konsultationsausschusses für Gebührenordnungsfragen,
aber auch Ausarbeitungen der Ärztekammer Nordrhein und des
GOÄ-Arbeitskreise des PKV-Verbands herangezogen. Aufgreifkriterium waren
einschlägige Beschlüsse des G-BA der Jahre 2010 bis 2019.
Ergebnisse Es wurden 17 Einzelbeschlüsse, zwei aus mehreren
Einzelbeschlüssen bestehenden Beschlussreihen sowie Regelungen zur
Erstattung von Companion Diagnostics einbezogen. Es ergaben sich
unterschiedliche Zeitabstände zwischen Verfahrensbeginn und Eingang der
neuen Methode in die GKV-Versorgung (14 bis 216 Monate). Gleichzeitig zeigt die
Untersuchung, dass bei einem Großteil der betrachteten Methoden die
Erstattung in der PKV früher möglich war als in der GKV. Es
zeigte sich weiterhin bei fünf Methoden eine potenzielle
einzelvertragsbedingte Einschränkung der Erstattung in der PKV, aber in
zwei Fällen auch die Erstattung durch die PKV bei für die im
Verfahrensergebnis des G-BA ausgeschlossenen Leistungen.
Schlussfolgerung Die untersuchten NUB wurden in der Regel früher,
teilweise erheblich früher in der PKV erstattet. Die frühere
Erstattung durch die PKV impliziert jedoch auch ein Risiko, auch Leistungen zu
erstatten, die vom G-BA im weiteren Verlauf als ohne medizinischen Nutzen
bewertet werden. Legt man die Bewertung des G-BA als Maßstab zugrunde,
könnte hiermit eine Verringerung der Kosteneffektivität der
Versorgung und im Einzelfalle ein Patientenschaden durch Über- oder
Fehlversorgung entstehen. Es besteht ein Spannungsfeld zwischen frühem
Zugang zu NUB (gerade bei sehr langer Dauer des G-BA Verfahrens) und (Kosten-)
Effektivität und Sicherung der Versorgungsqualität.
Relevance of polyp size for primary endoscopic full-thickness resection of suspected T1 colorectal cancers
Authors: Didden Paul , van Eijck van Heslinga Rixta A. H. , Schwartz Matthijs P. , Arensman L. R. , Vleggaar Frank P. , de Graaf Wilmar , Koch Arjun D. , Doukas Michael , Lacle Miangela M. , Moons Leon M. G. 
Published: March 2022

Background En bloc local excision of suspected T1 colorectal cancer (CRC) provides optimal tumor risk assessment with curative intent. Endoscopic full-thickness resection (eFTR) with an over-the-scope device has emerged as a local excision technique for T1 CRCs, but data on the upper size limit for achieving a histological complete (R0) resection are lacking. We aimed to determine the influence of polyp size on the R0 rate.
Methods eFTR procedures for suspected T1 CRCs performed between 2015 and 2021 were selected from the endoscopy databases of three tertiary centers. The main outcome was R0 resection, defined as tumor- and dysplasia-free margins (≥ 0.1 mm) for both the deep and lateral resection margins. Regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for R1/Rx resection, mainly focusing on endoscopically estimated polyp size.
Results 136 patients underwent eFTR for suspected T1 CRC (median size 15 mm [IQR 13–18 mm]; 83.1 % cancer). The rates of technical success and R0 resection were 87.5 % (119/136; 95 %CI 80.9 %–92.1 %) and 79.7 % (106/136; 95 %CI 72.1 %–85.7 %), respectively. Increasing polyp size was significantly associated with R1/Rx resection (risk ratio 2.35 per 5-mm increase, 95 %CI 1.80–3.07; P < 0.001). The R0 rate was 89.9 % (80/89) for polyps ≤ 15 mm, 71.4 % (25/35) for 16–20 mm, and 11.1 % (1/9) for those > 20 mm.
Conclusions eFTR is associated with a 90 % R0 rate for T1 CRCs of ≤ 15 mm. Performing eFTR for polyps 16–20 mm should depend on access, their mobility, and the availability of alternative resection techniques. eFTR for > 20-mm polyps results in a high R1 rate and should not be recommended.
Leukocyte-rich and Leukocyte-poor Platelet-rich Plasma in Rotator
Cuff Repair: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Peng Yundong , Guanglan Wang , Jia Shaohui , Zheng Cheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTo systematically review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to compared the
effects of leukocyte-rich and leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma in
arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Two independent reviewers comprehensively
searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases according to the
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.
Comparison of leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma or leukocyte-poor
platelet-rich plasma in rotator cuff repair in a level I RCTs. Methodological
quality assessment was carried out using Cochrane Review Manager 5.3 software.
P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Nine RCTs with 540
patients were included in this review. Meta-analysis showed that leukocyte-poor
platelet-rich plasma in significantly reduced retear rate in rotator cuff repair
[RR=0.56 95% CI (0.42, 0.75); P<0.05), and in clinical
results, the constant score [MD=3.67, 95% CI (1.62, 5.73);
P=0.0005], UCLA score [MD=1.60, 95% CI (0.79, 2.42);
P=0.0001], ASES score [MD=2.16, 95% CI (0.12, 4.20);
P=0.04] were significantly improved. There was a significant result in
favor of PRP for the Constant score [MD=−1.24, 95% CI
(−1.50, −0.99); P<0.00001], while SST scores were not
significantly different among all groups [MD=0.21, 95% CI
(−0.21, 0.64); P=0.32]. In conclusion, leukocyte-poor
platelet-rich plasma can improved the clinical function and reduced retear rate
in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. In contrast, the efficacy of leukocyte-rich
platelet-rich plasma was not significantly improved with the exception of VAS
score.
Pericardial–Esophageal Fistula: A Rare but Increasing Complication of Cardiac Ablation
Authors: Sylvin Erik A. , Jassar Arminder S. , Kucharczuk John C. , Vallabhajosyula Prashanth 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPericardial–esophageal fistula and/or atrial–esophageal fistula after cardiac ablation is nearly universally fatal if not detected and treated expeditiously. This condition should be assumed and ruled out in anyone with a recent history of cardiac ablation presenting with signs of sepsis, pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium, or chest pain. Computed tomography scan of the chest is a rapid and a sensitive diagnostic modality. Tenets of treatment and repair consist of preventing an air embolism, repairing the esophageal perforation and atrial defect, and interposing autologous tissue between the esophagus and heart.