bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Initiating Sodium Glucose Co Transporter 2 Inhibitor (SGLT2I) for Treatment of Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Mahmood Nasir , Qasim Muhammad , Safdar Talal , Yousaf Shazia , Qasim Muhammad Iqbal , Ali Amjad 
Published: March 2022

Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT 2) inhibitors are hypoglycemic agents that have action on kidneys. They cause increased excretion of glucose via kidneys by reducing its absorption.	In healthy individuals, kidneys filter almost all of the glucose and return it back into circulation, excreting only a minimum amount in the urine. This reabsorption is facilitated by SGLT 2 receptors which are found in early proximal tubule, with some assistance by sodium glucose co-transporter 1 (SGLT 1).	In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), activity of SGLT 2 is increased. This results in increased absorption of glucose in the bloodcausing further hyperglycemia. Objectives: To determine the efficacy of initiating sodium glucose co transporter2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Study design: Descriptive, case series study Study duration:28th April 2020 to 27th October 2020. Settings: Department of Medicine, Aziz Fatima hospital, Faisalabad and Diabetes & Endocrinology Ward of Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar Materials & Methods: 150 patients with T2D aged between 18 to 60 years. Patients with pregnancy, CHF, those who had received an oral hypoglycemic medication other than metformin for more than 14 days were excluded. All the patients were given Dapagliflozin 10 mg once daily for 26 weeks. For evaluation of HbA1c, blood sampleswere checked and reported by pathologist at hospital. Efficacy was assessed after 26 weeks of treatment. Results:In this study, participants were in the age range from 18 to 60 years with mean age of 40.77 ± 9.42 years. Eighty three patients (55.33%) were between 18 to 40 years of age. Out of 150 patients, 93 (62.0%) were male and 57 (38.0%) were females with male to female ratio 1.6:1. In our study, efficacy of initiating sodium glucose co transporter -2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus was found in 65 (43.33%) patients. Conclusion: This study concluded that “the efficacy of initiating sodium glucose co transporter - 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus is quite high.” Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, sodium glucose co transporter -2 inhibitor,efficacy
Pentingnya Penginjilan dalam Pertumbuhan Gereja
Authors: Saptono Yohanes Joko 
Published: March 2022

Evangelism is one of the key factors of church growth. A church’s recognition of the importance of evangelization always brings about an impact on the growth of a church; to its life and works. Accordingly, churches who recognize evangelization as crucial to their growth would consequently transform it into their personal, communal, and institutional priorities: Evangelization would be addressed seriously; all resources would be directed towards it; and all approaches, strategies, methods, and various types and scope of techniques would be employed to draw people to Christ. It was evident that any motivation and even the faintest competence can be used by God to bring many people to Christ, as long as they are directed to glorify the name of God. Furthermore, as a result of evangelization, the biological growth of churches occurs, either through relocation of church members or due to the conversion of souls at all times and places. In the same manner, churches grow in quality, quantity, in its complexities of evangelization, and are continuously renewed by the gospel, as well as experiencing unceasing growth. Evangelism is indeed the key feature of a church’s growth. Likewise, from the historical-theological perspective, evangelism also has a great impact on the growth of the church. The ups and downs of evangelism carried out by the church have therefore been an indicator of the church’s growth. The paper finally argues that without evangelization, the growth of a church will not transpire, and ultimately, churches who grow are churches who evangelize.AbstrakPenginjilan merupakan salah satu faktor penentu pertumbuhan gereja. Kesadaran akan hal ini membuat gereja memahami perlunya penginjilan dalam segala aspek kehidupan dan karyanya. Sehingga penginjilan menjadi prioritasnya baik secara personal, komunal maupun institusional. Penginjilan akan ditangani dengan sangat serius. Segala sumber daya yang dimiliki akan diarahkan untuk penginjilan. Mereka akan menggunakan berbagai macam pendekatan, strategi, metode dan tehnik penginjilan dengan aneka ragam bentuk dan ruang lingkupnya. Motivasi apapun dan kompetensi yang lemah sekalipun, bisa dipakai Tuhan untuk membawa banyak orang kepada Kristus. Pertumbuhan gereja secara biologis atau karena perpindahan anggota gereja atau karena pertobatan jiwa-jiwa baru terjadi pada segala waktu dan tempat. Pertumbuhan gereja secara kualitas, kuantitas maupun kompleksitas organisasinya merupakan hasil dari penginjilan yang dilakukannya. Gereja senantiasa diperbaharui oleh Injil dan oleh karenanya gereja senantiasa mengalami pertumbuhan.Penginjilan adalah kunci pertumbuhan gereja. Dalam perspektif historis-teologis, penginjilan mempunyai pengaruh yang besar bagi pertumbuhan gereja. Oleh karena itu, tinggi rendahnya penginjilan yang dilakukan gereja selalu menjadi indikator bertumbuh tidaknya gereja. Sebab penginjilan akan mendorong pertumbuhan gereja. Sedangkan gereja yang bertumbuh tentu akan melakukan penginjilan.
Kajian Teologis terhadap Ajaran Hyper-Grace Joseph Prince
Authors: Simanjuntak Fredy 
Published: March 2022

Lately the topic of "grace" has also become a discussion and debate which is being discussed in the church environment. The term is also commonly called "modern grace" or "grace reform". The term is used by a number of teachers or characters in explaining their theological understanding of grace which they consider to be a new revelation of grace. The teaching of the gospel of grace does not refer to a particular church, but rather to theological teaching or understanding that is spreading very quickly to various churches throughout the world. There are some figures who write a number of books in their books describing the gospel teaching of grace, some of which are well-known and influential are Paul Ellis, Joseph Prince, Steve McVey, Clark Whitten and other gospel instructors of grace. Joseph Prince cannot be denied as one of these "grace" teachers who also influences the views of Christians in Singapore, America and Indonesia. AbstrakBelakangan ini topik mengenai “anugerah” (grace) juga menjadi diskusi dan perdebatan yang marak dibicarakan di lingkungan gereja. Istilahnya biasa juga disebut “kasih karunia modern” atau “Reformasi kasih karunia”. Istilah tersebut digunakan oleh sejumlah pengajar atau tokoh dalam menjelaskan pemahaman teologi mereka mengenai kasih karunia yang mereka anggap sebagai pewahyuan baru mengenai kasih karunia. Pengajaran tentang injil kasih karunia bukan merujuk kepada suatu gereja tertentu, tetapi lebih kepada pengajaran atau pemahaman teologi yang sedang merebak dengan sangat cepat ke berbagai gereja di seluruh dunia. Ada beberapa tokoh yang menulis sejumlah buku yang di dalam buku mereka menjelaskan pengajaran injil kasih karunia, beberapa diantaranya yang terkenal dan berpengaruh adalah Paul Ellis, Joseph Prince, Steve McVey, Clark Whitten dan pengajar injil kasih karunia lainnya. Tidak dapat disangkal Joseph Prince sebagai salah satu pengajar “anugerah” ini yang juga mempengaruhi pandangan orang-orang Kristen di Singapura, Amerika dan Indonesia.
Memahami Penolakan Soteorologi Gnostik oleh Gereja Perdana
Authors: Purba Eduward 
Published: March 2022

Gnostics are synchronic character ideas from a variety of Hellenistic types of beliefs and philosophies that try to influence early Christian salvation theology. The infiltration effort has opportunities because of: the cultural context of the missionary and recipient of the gospel, the decline of the Church of Jewish background, the emergence of Jewish Diaspora, the use of Hellenic terms in the New Testament and by the Early Church. This research is qualitative research literature. Researchers collected data by determining the qualifications of Gnostic library sources, both from Gnostic sources themselves and from Christian theologians. The steps taken are recording findings, combining all findings, both theories or new findings of Gnostic soteriology, analyzing findings, and finally criticizing Gnostic ideas. The results found that gnosis was the first condition in Gnostic soteriology that produced catharsis as a way of releasing divine sparks from the body with variations in business such as fasting, monasticism, torturing oneself until the legalization of murder. So, in the Gnostic idea, the principle of traditional Christian salvation has no place at all. In conclusion, ownership of gnosis by understanding the importance of releasing the spirit or divine spark from the body is a major condition in Gnostic soteriology. On this basis, the early Church rejected this gnostic idea because it was considered very speculative and heretical. AbstrakGnostik merupakan gagasan berkarakter sinkritis dari variasi tipe keyakinan dan filsafat Helenistik yang berusaha memengaruhi teologi keselamatan Kristen perdana. Usaha infiltrasi memiliki peluang karena konteks budaya pekabar dan penerima Injil, kemunduran jemaat berlatarbelakang Yahudi, kemunculan Yahudi diaspora, penggunaan istilah-istilah Helenis da-lam Perjanjian Baru dan oleh gereja perdana. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif literatur. Peneliti mengumpulkan data dengan menentukan kualifikasi sumber pustaka Gnostik, baik dari sumber Gnostik sendiri dan dari teolog Kristen. Langkah yang dilakukan yaitu men-catat temuan, memadukan segala temuan, baik teori atau temuan baru tentang soteriologi Gnostik, menganalisis temuan, terakhir mengkritisi gagasan Gnostik. Hasil yang ditemukan bahwa gnosis syarat pertama dalam soteriologi Gnostik yang menghasilkan katarsis sebagai cara melepaskan percikan ilahi dari tubuh dengan variasi usaha seperti puasa, monastik, menyiksa diri sampai legalisasi pembunuhan. Sehingga dalam gagasan Gnostik, prinsip keselamatan Kristen tradisional tidak memiliki tempat sama sekali. Kesimpulannya, bahwa kepemilikan gnosis dengan memahami pentingnya melepaskan roh atau percikan Ilahi dari tubuh merupakan syarat utama dalam soteriologi Gnostik. Atas dasar ini gereja perdana menolak gagasan Gnostik ini karena dianggap sangat spekulatif dan sesat.
Mengiplementasikan Tugas Sosial Gereja dalam Kemajemukan pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Dongoran Evans Dusep 
Published: March 2022

Pluralism is a reality that cannot be ignored by the Indonesian people. Pluralism requires everyone to be able to open up and think positively to create a pluralist sense of togetherness and have an attitude of helping each other, especially in the current Covid-19 pandemic situation that has hit the world, including Indonesia. The church is called to be able to carry out social tasks during a crowded society during this Covid-19 pandemic. The purpose of this paper is to implement the Church's social work in pluralism during the Covid-19 pandemic. This writing uses qualitative methods in data and text analysis, namely paying attention to the symptoms that arise as a result of the covid-19 pandemic; poverty and deprivation so that the Church is involved in social problems to take part in helping and assisting others regardless of ethnic and religious differences by explaining the theological basis in building a pluralist togetherness from the foremost law, the example of Jesus' life and God's love for all human beings. AbstrakKemajemukan merupakan kenyataan yang tidak dapat diabaikan bangsa Indonesia. Kemajemukan menuntut setiap orang untuk dapat membuka diri dan berpikiran positif agar terciptanya rasa kebersamaan yang pluralis serta memiliki sikap saling tolong menolong, terlebih dalam situasi pandemi Covid-19 saat ini yang melanda dunia termasuk Indonesia. Gereja terpanggil untuk dapat melakukan tugas sosial ditengah masyarakat yang mejemuk pada masa pendemik Covid-19 ini. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk mengimplementasikan tugas sosial Gereja dalam kemajemukkan pada masa pandemic Covid-19. Penulisan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dalam analisis data dan teks yakni memperhatikan gejala yang timbul akibat dari pandemi Covid-19; kemiskinan dan kekurangan agar Gereja terlibat permasalahan sosial untuk ambil bagian dalam menolong dan membantu orang lain tanpa melihat perbedaan suku dan agama dengan memaparkan dasar teologis dalam membangun kebersamaan yang pluralis dari hukum yang terutama, teladan hidup Yesus dan kasih Allah terhadap semua manusia.
Kontekstualisasi Injil terhadap Suku Boti di Timor Tengah Selatan, Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Rondonuwu Fery , Hermanto Yanto Paulus 
Published: March 2022

God's love for the world is the basis for the commandment to make every nation a disciple of Christ. This was emphasized by Christ when He said, “Make disciples of all nations.” The Boti tribe in NTT is part of the target of God's love. They must hear the gospel that will save. The formulation of the problem is what must be done by the evangelist to be able to carry out this great command, especially to the Boti tribe in NTT. The method to answer this problem formulation is to use a qualitative approach by collecting several journals, books, and Bible verses related to the formulation of the problem, especially the Apostle Paul's evangelistic approach, then look for similarities that allow answering this research problem. Contextual evangelism by using elements of local culture is the answer to evangelizing the Boti tribe, thus the gospel can be accepted and transform the lives of the Boti tribe. AbstrakKasih Allah kepada dunia menjadi dasar perintah untuk menjadikan setiap bangsa murid Kristus. Hal ini ditegaskan oleh Yesus ketika Ia berkata, “Jadikanlah semua bangsa murid-Ku.” Suku Boti di NTT adalah bagian dari sasaran kasih Allah. Mereka harus mendengar Injil yang akan menyelamatkan. Rumusan masalahnya adalah, apakah yang harus dilakukan oleh pem-berita Injil untuk dapat melaksanakan perintah agung ini, khususnya kepada suku Boti di NTT. Metode untuk menjawab rumusan masalah ini adalah menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan cara mengumpulkan beberapa data literatur melalui jurnal, buku, dan nas Alkitab yang berkaitan dengan rumusan masalah, khususnya pendekatan penginjilan Rasul Paulus, kemudian mencari kesamaannya yang memungkinkan bisa menjawab masalah penelitian ini. Penginjilan kontekstual dengan menggunakan elemen-elemen budaya setempat menjadi jawaban untuk melakukan penginjilan kepada kepada suku Boti, dengan demikian Injil dapat diterima dan mentransformasi kehidupan suku Boti.
Tinjauan Etika Praktis terhadap Perceraian Kristen
Authors: Elia Samuel , Simanjuntak Ferry 
Published: March 2022

There has been so much discussion about Divorce among Christians with various theological backgrounds, but for the lay congregation, there is still confusion about the attitude of the Church in general. Of course, this has a less than the optimal effect on the spiritual formation of the church. This may happen because of the lack of understanding Christians about how Christian ethical values can be applied in divorce cases. Moreover, it was added with the uncertainty of some church parties in taking their stand. This paper tries to explain in a simple way about Divorce with all its details, causes, and consequences. This paper also discusses why the church needs to take a stand and show it clearly to the congregation to avoid congregational confusion. This research was made using descriptive qualitative research methods through literature studies. Conclusions are generally drawn based on the inductive method. AbstrakSudah begitu banyak pembahasan mengenai Perceraian di kalangan Kristen dengan berbagai latar Teologi, namun bagi kalangan jemaat awam masih terasa adanya kebingungan mengenai sikap Gereja pada umumya. Tentu saja hal ini memberikan pengaruh kurang optimal dalam pembinaan rohani jemaat. Hal ini mungkin terjadi karena begitu minimnya pemahaman orang-orang Kristen mengenai bagaimana nilai-nilai Etika Kristen dapat diterapkan dalam kasus perceraian. Apalagi ditambah dengan kegamangan beberapa pihak gereja dalam mengambil sikap. Tulisan ini mencoba mengulas secara sederhana mengenai Perceraian dengan segala seluk beluknya, penyebab dan akibat yang ditimbulkan. Tulisan ini juga menbahas mengenai mengapa gereja perlu mengambil sikap dan menunjukkannya secara jelas kepada jemaat agar menghindarkan kebingungan jemaat. Penelitian ini dibuat menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif desktriptif melalui studi literatur. Kesimpulan secara umum diambil berdasarkan metode induktif.
Larut tapi Tidak Hanyut: Sebuah Refleksi Spiritualitas Gereja dalam Pusaran Teknologi di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Simanjuntak Fredy 
Published: March 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has challenged churches to migrate to virtual spaces. This certainly affects the spirituality of the Church in double space. Through this article, we will examine 1) How can the church connect spirituality with technology without getting lost in the vortex of the void of the modern technology itself, 2) How can the church navigate this new landscape without losing focus on its God-given mission? This research is descriptive research, using a qualitative approach. This paper aims to frame a new paradigm for a balanced church in interpreting church spirituality in the vortex of technological progress. The results of this study indicate that the theological system in Christianity is a transformational conceptual framework that is always fresh, flexible, and balanced from various dimensions of life and context. A changing situation requires transformative perspectives and practices so that the church does not lose its spirituality and God's mission in the context of society, nation, and state. Keywords: church; reflection; spirituality; technology; the Covid-19 pandemic AbstrakPandemi Covid-19 telah menantang gereja untuk bermigrasi ke ruang virtual. Hal ini tentu mempengaruhi spiritualitas Gereja dalam ruang ganda. Melalui artikel ini akan dikaji 1) Bagaimana gereja dapat menghubungkan spiritualitas dengan teknologi tanpa tersesat dalam pusaran kehampaan teknologi modern itu sendiri, 2) Bagaimana gereja dapat menavigasi lanskap baru ini tanpa kehi-langan fokus pada misi yang diberikan Tuhan? Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif, dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk membingkai paradigma baru bagi gereja yang seimbang dalam memaknai spiritualitas gereja dalam pusaran kemajuan teknologi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem teologi dalam agama Kristen merupakan kerangka konseptual transformasional yang selalu segar, fleksibel dan seimbang dari berbagai di-mensi kehidupan dan konteks. Situasi yang berubah membutuhkan perspektif dan praktik trans-formatif agar gereja tidak kehilangan spiritualitas dan misi Tuhan dalam konteks bermasyarakat, berbangsa dan bernegara. Kata kunci: gereja; pandemi Covid-19; refleksi; spiritualitas; teknolog
Legalitas Ucapan Selamat Natal Bagi Umat Islam Studi Kritis Terhadap Pemikiran Quraish Shihab Dalam Tafsir Al-Misbah
Authors: Ruslan Mohammad 
Published: March 2022

Legality Derived from the word "legal" which means legal, valid according to law. While legality itself is legitimacy, legality. So "Legality" can be interpreted as a legitimacy or validity of a law based on State Law or the ideological source of a group. M. Quraish Shihab's interpretation process in legalizing the "Merry Christmas" greeting using QS. Maryam 33 through several methods including, using "Dalalah Lafadz 'Am, Syaddud dzaraI', and the rules of Maqashidul Lafdzi fiqh 'Ala Niatil Lafidz". With the latter method he interprets who is allowed or not to say "Merry Christmas". Like other contemporary commentators in interpreting the Qur'an, he also considers harmony and harmony between religious communities. None of the classical and contemporary scholars have stated that it is permissible to say "Merry Christmas" by saying that it has been approved by Al-Qur'an. The Qur'an is even recommended using the QS argument. Maryam verse 33 as used by M. Quraish Shihab in legalizing the saying. Ulama' who allow it only consider this as a form of "Mujamalah and Muhasanah" only. Because it is seen from the interpretation of the verse that none of the scholars interprets that the verse is a verse that approves the greeting of Merry Christmas, and also by looking at the history of the "Christmas" celebration.
Keywords: Legality, Merry Christmas, Muslim
ANALYSIS OF STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES (SOPS) ON CUPPING THERAPY IN DKI HEALTH SERVICES, JAKARTA
Authors: Tri Wahyuni Lestari  , Annisa Rizky Afrilia  , Nita Prihartini  
Published: March 2022

Traditional cupping therapy is an alternative therapy that is invasive in society. The Indonesian Cupping Association (PBI) has established a Standard Operating Procedure (SPO) as a guide for its practitioners in service. In this study, an analysis of the SPO items was evaluated on 30 cupping practitioners in the DKI Jakarta area. This study aims to obtain an overview of the SPO with easy, medium, and difficult categories that can be fulfilled by cupping practitioners and are expected to provide input to the Standard Cupping Operational Procedure module. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study , conducted on 30 cupping practitioners in DKI Jakarta who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data collection method was done by observing cupping practitioners three times each to avoid bias in their behavior. In addition, interviews were also conducted with 30 clients who use cupping services to assess SPO's impression. Data analysis explained descriptively. Results show that there were SPO activities in the Standard Cupping Operational Procedure module with an easy category of 64.5%, a moderate category of 14.5%, and a difficult category of 21%. There are easy categories that mean infrastructure, namely 72.7%, 13.6% moderate category, and difficult category of 13.6%. The conclusion contained in the SPO are included in the easy category. However, SPO items still need attention and supervision, especially SPO items with medium and difficult categories.
THE EFFECT OF DHIKR ON ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION LEVEL IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS AT PURWOKERTO ISLAMIC HOSPITAL
Authors: Muhamad Anggun  , Titik Kusumawinakhyu  , Wiharto  , Irma Finurina Mustikawati  
Published: March 2022

Hemodialysis is a routinely performed therapy on chronic kidney patients, leading to psychological problems among subjects who undergo hemodialysis, such as anxiety and depression. One of the efforts to overcome anxiety and depression is with the dhikr intervention. Dhikr presents hearts to remember and be obedient to Allah followed by the words and actions in various conditions. Discover dhikr's influence on the level of anxiety and depression in patients on hemodialysis in Purwokerto Islamic Hospital. It was a quantitative study using quasi experiment with a non-quivalent control group design. The number of samples was 12 subjects consisting of 6 subjects in the control group and six subjects in the intervention group with the purposive sampling technique. Instruments were used to measure anxiety and depression are the HADS ( Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale ) before and after dhikr intervention as much as 12 times. Research is carried out in Hemodialysis Unit of Purwokerto Islamic Hospital. Test statistics on research are used paired t-test and independent t-tests. This study showed a decrease in the mean level of anxiety from 5, 83 to 1.67 in the experimental group ( p = 0.003). The mean level of depression experienced a decline of 9, 67 becomes 4.67 on a group experiment ( p = 0.003). Dhikr reduces the level of anxiety and depression in hemodialysis patients at the Purwokerto Islamic Hospital.