bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review on solar radiation assessment and forecasting in Algeria
Authors: Kabouche Nourdine , Chellali Farouk , Recioui AEM 
Published: January 2022

Solar radiation forecasting is an important component in many areas related to either the production or exploitation of renewable energies. This field has attracted the attention of many Algerian researchers due to its important solar potential specially in the southern desert areas. In a comprehensive review of the works in this domain, we propose a comprehensive review of the different models and studies for predicting solar radiation in Algeria. Various techniques have been proposed including artificial stochastic models and intelligence.
Comparison study among the different existing loss of excitation protection schemes in synchronous generator
Authors: Bentarzi Hamid , Mati Ayache , MAUN Jean-Claude 
Published: January 2022

Synchronous generator is the most important element of a power system and its fast and reliable protection is crucial. One of the most abnormal conditions in a generator is loss of excitation (LOE) which is harmful to both the generator and the power system. This condition should be detected and the generator isolated from the system to avoid generator damage as well as power system instability.
This work presents an experimental study and comparison of the two conventional LOE protection schemes, negative-offset and positive-offset mho element under different conditions. The results show that the two schemes can detect LOE fault under total or partial LOE conditions, however in terms of speed (fault detection time) the positive offset scheme is faster than the negative offset scheme under all loading conditions. Besides, the two LOE protection schemes are reliable and do not operate under power swing disturbances caused by any type of external faults.
A numerical framework for simulating the atmospheric variability of supermicron marine biogenic ice nucleating particles
Authors: Steinke Isabelle , DeMott Paul J. , Deane Grant B. , Hill Thomas C. J. , Maltrud Mathew , Raman Aishwarya , Burrows Susannah M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract. We present a framework for estimating concentrations of episodically
elevated high-temperature marine ice nucleating particles (INPs) in the sea
surface microlayer and their subsequent emission into the atmospheric
boundary layer. These episodic INPs have been observed in multiple
ship-based and coastal field campaigns, but the processes controlling their
ocean concentrations and transfer to the atmosphere are not yet fully
understood. We use a combination of empirical constraints and simulation
outputs from an Earth system model to explore different hypotheses for
explaining the variability of INP concentrations, and the occurrence of
episodic INPs, in the marine atmosphere. In our calculations, we examine the following two proposed oceanic sources of high-temperature INPs: heterotrophic bacteria and marine biopolymer aggregates (MBPAs). Furthermore, we assume that the emission of these INPs is determined by the production of supermicron sea spray aerosol formed from jet drops, with an entrainment probability that is described by Poisson statistics. The concentration of jet drops is derived from the number concentration of supermicron sea spray aerosol calculated from model runs. We then derive the resulting number concentrations of marine high-temperature INPs (at 253 K) in the atmospheric boundary layer and compare their variability to atmospheric observations of INP variability. Specifically, we compare against concentrations of episodically occurring high-temperature INPs observed during field campaigns in the Southern Ocean, the Equatorial Pacific, and the North Atlantic. In this case study, we evaluate our framework at 253 K because reliable observational data at this temperature are available across three different ocean regions, but suitable data are sparse at higher temperatures. We find that heterotrophic bacteria and MBPAs acting as INPs provide only a
partial explanation for the observed high INP concentrations. We note,
however, that there are still substantial knowledge gaps, particularly
concerning the identity of the oceanic INPs contributing most frequently to
episodic high-temperature INPs, their specific ice nucleation activity, and
the enrichment of their concentrations during the sea–air transfer process. Therefore, targeted measurements investigating the composition of these marine INPs and drivers for their emissions are needed, ideally in
combination with modeling studies focused on the potential cloud impacts of
these high-temperature INPs.
Net soil carbon balance in afforested peatlands and separating autotrophic and heterotrophic soil CO2 effluxes
Authors: Hermans Renée , McKenzie Rebecca , Andersen Roxane , Teh Yit Arn , Cowie Neil , Subke Jens-Arne 
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Peatlands are a significant global carbon (C) store, which can be
compromised by drainage and afforestation. Quantifying the rate of C loss
from peat soils under forestry is challenging, as soil CO2 efflux
includes both CO2 produced from heterotrophic peat decomposition and
CO2 produced by tree roots and associated fungal networks (autotrophic
respiration). We experimentally terminated autotrophic below-ground
respiration in replicated forest plots by cutting through all living tree
roots (trenching) and measured soil surface CO2 flux, litter
input, litter decay rate, and soil temperature and moisture over 2 years.
Decomposition of cut roots was measured and CO2 fluxes were corrected
for this, which resulted in a large change in the fraction heterotrophic : autotrophic flux, suggesting that even 2 years after trenching decaying
root biomass makes significant contributions to the CO2 flux. Annual
peat decomposition (heterotrophic CO2 flux) was 115 ± 16 g C m−2 yr−1, representing ca. 40 % of total soil respiration.
Decomposition of needle litter is accelerated in the presence of an active
rhizosphere, indicating a priming effect by labile C inputs from roots. This
suggests that our estimates of peat mineralization in our trenched plots are
conservative and underestimate overall rates of peat C loss. Considering
also input of litter from trees, our results indicate that the soils in
these 30-year-old drained and afforested peatlands are a net sink for C,
since substantially more C enters the soil organic matter than is
decomposed heterotrophically. This study does not account for fluvial C
fluxes, which represent a small flux compared to the CO2 soil efflux;
further, root litter and exudate deposition could be a significant C source
that is only partially sampled by our approach, adding to these plantations
being a potential carbon sink. However, the C balance for these soils should
be taken over the lifespan of the trees, in order to determine if the soils
under these drained and afforested peatlands are a sustained sink of C or
become a net source over longer periods of forestry.
Land-based wind turbines with flexible rail-transportable blades – Part 2: 3D finite element design optimization of the rotor blades
Authors: Camarena Ernesto , Anderson Evan , Paquette Josh , Bortolotti Pietro , Feil Roland , Johnson Nick 
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Increasing growth in land-based wind turbine blades to enable higher machine capacities and capacity factors is creating challenges in design, manufacturing, logistics, and operation. Enabling further blade growth will require technology innovation. An emerging solution to overcome logistics constraints is to segment the blades spanwise and chordwise, which is effective, but the additional field-assembled joints result in added mass and loads, as well as increased reliability concerns in operation. An alternative to this methodology is to design slender flexible blades that can be shipped on rail lines by flexing during transport. However, the increased flexibility is challenging to accommodate with a typical glass-fiber, upwind design. In a two-part paper series, several design options are evaluated to enable slender flexible blades: downwind machines, optimized carbon fiber, and active aerodynamic controls. Part 1 presents the system-level optimization of the rotor variants as compared to conventional and segmented baselines, with a low-fidelity representation of the blades. The present work, Part 2, supplements the system-level optimization in Part 1 with high-fidelity blade structural optimization to ensure that the designs are at feasible optima with respect to material strength and fatigue limits, as well as global stability and structural dynamics constraints. To accommodate the requirements of the design process, a new version of the Numerical Manufacturing And Design (NuMAD) code has been developed and released. The code now supports laminate-level blade optimization and an interface to the International Energy Agency Wind Task 37 blade ontology. Transporting long, flexible blades via controlled flapwise bending is found to be a viable approach for blades of up to 100 m. The results confirm that blade mass can be substantially reduced by going either to a downwind design or to a highly coned and tilted upwind design. A discussion of active and inactive constraints consisting of material rupture, fatigue damage, buckling, deflection, and resonant frequencies is presented. An analysis of driving load cases revealed that the downwind designs are dominated by loads from sudden, abrupt events like gusts rather than fatigue. Finally, an analysis of carbon fiber spar caps for downwind machines finds that, compared to typical carbon fibers, the use of a new heavy-tow carbon fiber in the spar caps is found to yield between 9 % and 13 % cost savings.
It’s the other who makes my portrait: Writing self, character and the other
Authors: Baranay Inez 
Published: January 2022

And as Cixous says - many times - ‘no I without you’ and ‘never I without the Other’. I’m looking at what this other is - sometimes known as ‘you other’, sometimes as ‘that other’ - who makes possible what I know as ‘I’. I’m doing this as a novelist; I speak first and foremost as a novelist (rather than that other, an academic critic). It was as novelist that I wrote the full-length exegetical work (for my PhD) which examined the writing of my novel Neem Dreams (2003), and in that context issues in writing fiction and in representations of India…
Pengembangan Agroekowisata Terintegrasi di Lahan Gambut Di Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Jaya Adi , Antang Emmy Uthanya , Birawa Cakra , Supriati Lilis , Salampak  , Gunawan Haris 
Published: January 2022

Kegiatan yang dilakukan pada Kawasan Kanal Kalampangan, Blok C eks PLG, lebih diarahkan pada kegiatan restorasi gambut untuk mendukung pengembangan kegiatan ekowisata dengan memanfaatkan berbagai potensi yang ada di kawasan ini. Posisi kawasan yang tidak jauh dari Palangka Raya, menjadikan lokasi ini penting dan mempunyai keunggulan. Kegiatan yang dikembangkan pada dasarnya sebagai wahana pendidikan tentang gambut yang akan meliputi pemahaman sifat dan ciri gambut, pemanfaatan lahan gambut (utamanya untuk kegiatan pertanian) dan dampak lingkungan yang ditimbulkan serta kegiatan restorasi gambut. Semua objek yang rencananya ditampilkan dalam jalur jalan sepanjang 5-6 km tersebut, diinisiasi melalui pendanaan dari BRG dan selanjutnya diharapkan para stakeholder terkait gambut melakukan investasi dengan membangun sarana wisata tersebut. Hakekat dari kegiatan agroekowisata, selain sebagai wahana pendidikan, juga diharapkan masyarakat di kawasan tersebut menjaga kawasan gambut dari kerusakan terutama akibat kebakaran hutan dan lahan yang terjadi setiap musim kemarau. Kegiatan awal yang dilakukan dengan pendanaan dari BRG mencakup 3R yakni rewetting, revegetasi dan revitalisasi ekonomi masyarakat.
Pengembangan Usahatani Masyarakat dalam Upaya Restorasi Lahan Gambut di Kampung Misik, Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Antang Emmy Uthanya , Supriati Lilis , Jaya Adi , Gunawan Haris 
Published: January 2022

Kerusakan lahan gambut disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, diantaranya pemanfaatan dengan membuat saluran-saluran drainase yang berlebihan, sehingga lahan gambut basah menjadi kering, dan rawan untuk kejadian kebakaran berulang. Pemerintah Indonesia membentuk Badan Restorasi Gambut yang bertujuan untuk percepatan pemulihan kawasan dan pengembalian fungsi hidrologis gambut. Kegiatan Pengembangan masyarakat yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk meningkatkan dan mengembangkan pendapatan masyarakat melalui usahatani masyarakat di kawasan target prioritas restorasi gambut. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa petani di Kampung Misik mengusahakan lahan dengan tidak melakukan pembakaran. Kegiatan pertanian adalah sayur, buah-buahan, yaitu: jagung manis, melon, gambas, pare, bawang daun, dan cabe. Luas lahan yang diusahakan oleh petani rata-rata 550m2, dengan rata-rata pendapatan per periode tanam sebesar Rp. 3.786.417,- atau Rp. 1.262.139,- per bulan, dengan rasio penerimaan dan biaya (R/C) yang paling baik adalah usahatani tanaman pare dengan nilai 7, sedangkan yang terkecil adalah jagung manis, terung, dan melon dengan nilai 3. Penguatan usahatani masyarakat melalui suntikan modal usaha dapat digunakan sebagai modal usahatani berikutnya. Beberapa petani dapat mengembangkan usahataninya dalam bentuk luasan tanam ataupun ragam usahataninya. Pembentukan modal usahatani saat ini telah dimulai dengan adanya kewajiban iuran setiap bulan yang disampaikan dalam pertemuan rutin setiap bulan.
مدى الجاهزية لاستخدام التطبيق الإرشادي الإلكتروني في الإرشاد الزراعي من وجهة نظر المرشدين الزراعيين
Authors: استيتة يحيى 
Published: January 2022

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على مدى الجاهزية المتوفرة في استخدام التطبيق الإرشادي الإلكتروني في العملية الإرشادية من حيث سرعة الربط بين المرشد والمزارع وتوفر الإرشادات والمعلومات الفنية اللازمة للعملية الإرشادية. وقد تم فحص اتجاهات المرشدين الزراعيين لمدى الجاهزية تبعاً لمتغيرات العمر، المنطقة، سنوات الخبرة، الجامعة، والتخصص. ولتحقيق ذلك اتبع الباحث المنهج الوصفي حيث تم استهداف عينة عشوائية قوامها 30 استبانه تم جمعها من إجمالي 120 مرشد زراعي من شمال الضفة الغربية. وقد تم تحكيم الاستبانة والتأكد من دقتها قبل توزيعها على المرشدين الزراعيين. تم تحليل الاستبانة باستخدام برنامج الرزم الإحصائية للعلوم الاجتماعية (SPSS) حيث تم عرض البيانات الوصفية وتحليل معامل الاختلاف. أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن 44% من المبحوثين كانت ضمن الفئة العمرية 24 إلى 34 سنة، و أكبر نسبة من المبحوثين كانت في منطقة طوباس بواقع 27%، ويشكل 57% من المبحوثين تخصص إنتاج نباتي ووقاية نبات. وقد بينت الدراسة عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (µ = 0.05) في جاهزية التطبيق الإرشادي الإلكتروني من وجهة نظر المرشدين الزراعيين تبعاً لمتغير العمر، المنطقة، سنوات الخبرة، الجامعة، والتخصص الجامعي. وقد أفاد 76% من المبحوثين وجود كادر فني لتغطية محاور التطبيق وذلك من خلال الطواقم الفنية المتخصصة ذوي الخبرة العالية في وزارة الزراعة. وإجمالي 56% من المبحوثين أفادوا بأن التطبيق الإرشادي يمكن أن يحل كبديل للجولات الإرشادية بنسبة 50%، إلا أن قلة الكفاية التدريبية واللوجستية لعبت دور في عدم تطبيقها. إضافة إلى أن غالبية المبحوثين بنسبة 80% أفادوا بأنه يجب توفير ورشات تدريبية للمزارعين على استخدام التطبيق وذلك بسبب قلة خبرة المزارعين في هذه التطبيقات. وأوصت الدراسة إلى ضرورة الاستفادة من التطبيق الإرشادي الإلكتروني كمكمل ومعزز لتفعيل العملية الإرشادية، إضافة إلى ضرورة إنشاء وحدة إدارية متخصصة للإرشاد الزراعي الإلكتروني تقوم على بناء برامج تدريبية وتقنية للمرشدين والمزارعين بشكل مستمر.
Policy Implementation Strategy of West Bandung District Health Office in Stunting Intervention During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Aditri Fitri , Sufyan Dian Luthfiana , Puspareni Luh Desi 
Published: January 2022

The government has a target of reducing stunting to 14% by 2024. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to disrupt the government's focus in reducing stunting, including the West Bandung District Health Office, whose area is the focus location for stunting since 2018. This research aims to explore policy implementation strategies West Bandung District Health Officein stunting intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach. The research informants were 4 people who were officials in the work area of the West Bandung District Health Office and including the inclusion criteria. Data were collected by in-depth interviews, documentation, and triangulation. After processing and analyzing the data, the following results were obtained: The strategy for implementing the policies of the West Bandung District Health Office in stunting interventions, especially specific nutrition interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic, including through a role-sharing approach, take advantage of digital media, every activity carried out in accordance with COVID-19 health protocols, Holding Integrated Healthcare Center “Sweeping”, using priority strategies to streamline the budget, and synergize the COVID-19 prevention program with stunting.. Despite having a special strategy, the increase in the prevalence of stunting during the COVID-19 pandemic in West Bandung District is unavoidable.
High resolution space based wind observations estimation and application – A Review
Authors: MARSHALL J.  LE , LESLIE L. M. , SEECAMP R. , REA A. 
Published: January 2022

As the spatial, temporal and spectral resolution of visible and infrared radiance observations from space has improved, their utility for estimating atmospheric motion, and, in particular, their benefit to Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) has increased. The utility of these data has also been aided by increased computer power, improved NWP models and the use of improving data assimilation techniques.

This review provides a brief history of the generation and application of Atmospheric Motion Vectors (AMVs), including a short description of high spatial and temporal resolution AMV processing. All AMV data types are both suitable and now used for operational regional and global NWP and the data selection and quality control issues important to NWP are discussed. A brief examination of preparations for future advanced instruments is also undertaken.
Local severe storm monitoring and prediction using satellite data
Authors: PURDOM JAMES  F. W. 
Published: January 2022

This paper addresses using satellite data for nowcasting severe storms and their intensity in the 0-6 hour time frame. Weather, and weather related phenomena extend across a broad range of scales. In meteorology the link between the synoptic scale and the mesoscale is many times a key factor in controlling the intensity of local weather. The only observing tool capable of monitoring weather across those scales (and those scales interactions) is the geostationary satellite! Just as imagery from polar orbiting satellites helped advance understanding of synoptic scale phenomena, imagery from geostationary satellites is advancing our understanding of the mesoscale. A number of important discoveries using geostationary satellite imagery have had a dramatic impact on mesoscale meteorology and, in turn, our ability to provide short term forecasts and warnings for disaster related weather events, including: areas of incipient squall line development; location of regions with high probability of tornadoes and severe thunderstorms; mesoscale convective complexes; and, areas with heavy convective rainfall. As exciting as current capabilities are, satellite systems that will come into being during the next several years will provide capabilities well beyond the present ones.
Impact of high resolution satellite wind vector data on NCMRWF assimilation and forecasting system
Authors: PRASAD V. S. 
Published: January 2022

High resolution Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV) data and Ocean surface wind vectors from QuikScat scatterometer have recently become available at NCMRWF. Efforts are on to assimilate these new data sets in Global Data Assimilation and Forecasting (GDAF) system operational at NCMRWF. In this study an attempt is made to quantify the impact of the new data set through an Observational System Experiment (OSE). The impact has been examined in terms of various objective scores and the circulation features. It is clearly seen that the inclusion of the new data set results in some improvement in the forecast skill, also in reproduction of synoptic circulations in better way.
Detection of marine aerosols using ocean colour sensors
Authors: DAS INDRANI , MOHAN M. 
Published: January 2022

Ocean colour sensors are equipped with atmospheric correction bands operating in the near infrared region of the spectrum. At these wavelengths, the ocean surface, because of high infrared absorption by water, acts as a dark background and the sensor detected radiance is due to solar radiation backscattered by the atmospheric air molecules and aerosols called Rayleigh and aerosol path radiances respectively. From the radiances in the atmospheric correction bands, after accounting for Rayleigh path radiance, it is possible to determine aerosol parameters like aerosol optical depth (AOD) and particle size distribution index.

While sensors like IRS P3 MOS-B, IRS P4 OCM, NOAA-AVHRR, etc detect AOD in the total atmospheric column, IRS P3 MOS-A sensor can detect AOD in two atmospheric layers by exploiting the differential absorption property of oxygen at four narrow band channels at the O2 A band around 760nm. The method of determination from ocean colour sensors and the results from IRS P3 MOS-B, IRS P4-OCM and IRS P3 MOS-A radiance data are presented and discussed.
Onset, withdrawal and intra-seasonal variation of northeast monsoon over coastal Tamil Nadu, 1901-2000
Authors: RAJ Y. E. A. 
Published: January 2022

The onset and withdrawal dates of northeast monsoon over coastal Tamil Nadu have been objectively determined for the ten year period 1991-2000. The statistics of onset and withdrawal dates for the 100 year 20th century period 1901-2000 have been presented and discussed. It has been shown by employing techniques such as harmonic/spectral analysis and cross lag correlation over 100 year rainfall data, that the daily rainfall of coastal Tamil Nadu during September-February displays a prominent 40-days periodicity and that rainfall anomalies move from south to north taking nearly 2 days to traverse between Pamban and Chennai separated latitudinally by nearly 400 km. In 70% of the years the onset and withdrawal process of northeast monsoon gets excited by the 40-day periodicity.
Forecasting the onset of monsoon over Kerala using the peak in pre-monsoon convective activity over south peninsular India
Authors: GHANEKAR S. P. , PURANIK P. V. , BHIDE U. V. 
Published: January 2022

The role of low-frequency oscillations in the northward movement of the Equatorial Trough during pre-monsoon period over extreme south peninsular India is studied in relation to the associated enhancement of meso-scale convective activities over the region. Main objective of the present study is to bring out usefulness of this information in predicting the onset of summer monsoon over Kerala, well in advance. Thunderstorm data of selected stations over south peninsular India for the months March-June and for the years 1961-92 have been used in this analysis. A characteristic peak in weekly cumulative thunderstorm frequency is seen over these stations about 5-8 weeks prior to the onset of monsoon almost every year, suggesting the dominance of 30-60 day oscillation in the convection associated with these two events. A regression equation has been developed to predict the onset date. The relationship is found to be significant at 0.1% level. The results have been validated using an independent data set of five recent years. A characteristic fall in OLR values over the region, well in correspondence with the characteristic peak in thunderstorm activity suggests that OLR also can be used as a supporting tool in identifying such signal which is useful for the onset prediction.