bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2D scalar wave modelling of apodized RF BAW resonators for transverse mode analysis
Authors: Wu Ting , He Yi-wen , Wong Yu-po , Li Wuping , Bao Jing-fu , Hashimoto Ken-ya 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes the use of a two-dimensional scalar wave model for fast analysis of apodized AlN-based radio frequency bulk acoustic wave devices. First, the working principle and model setup is introduced. Only one particular Lamb mode (S1−) is considered, and its behavior is modeled by a simple scalar wave equation looking from the top surface. Multiple layers are added to the side boundaries so that mode conversion to other modes is treated as leakage to surroundings. The wavenumber of field distribution for each resonance mode is calculated, and then its excitation coefficient, quality factor, and resonance frequency are derived. The device input admittance is calculated by applying derived parameters to the equivalent circuit. A series of oval-shaped AlN-based film bulk acoustic resonator devices are simulated and compared with experimental results. The theoretical results agreed well with the experimental ones, and accuracy and effectiveness of the present analysis are verified.
Association Study of Melanocortin-4 Receptor (rs17782313) and PKHD1 (rs2784243) Variations and Early Incidence of Obesity at the Age of Maturity
Authors: Ansari Yasaman , Asadi Mojgan , Far Iman Salahshouri , Pashaie Nahid , Noroozi Nafise , Amoli Mahsa M. 
Published: November 2022

Introduction:
Obesity is primarily caused by the dysfunction of the energy homeostasis system. Numerous studies have reported an association between obesity and the rs17782313 variant near the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene. In addition, the PKHD1 gene regulates the expression of fibrocystin. This gene is primarily expressed in the kidney and plays a role in fat and glucose metabolism. However, the interaction between PKHD1 polymorphisms and birth weight has not yet been investigated. This study showed the association between the rs17782313 variant near the MRC4 gene and rs2784243 in the PKHD1 gene amongst Iranian cases with obesity before maturity.

Methods:
One hundred and eleven Iranian patients and 100 healthy individuals aged 5 years and over were selected from the Tehran Moheb-e-Yas Hospital. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing methods were used for genotyping the genetic variants. A Chi-square test was applied to determine the association between rs17782313 and food intake and rs2784243 and birth weight.

Results:
The rs17782313 variant was associated with high food intake (P = 0.04), while the rs2784243 variant was associated with increased birth weight (P = 004).

Conclusion:
The MC4R rs17782313 and PKHD1 rs2784243 variants may contribute to food intake and early obesity. Moreover, a novel association was suggested between PKHD1 rs2784243 and birth weight.
Coverage and compliance of mass drug administration in lymphatic filariasis amidst the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Chakraborty Sumanta , Bhattacharya Tridibes 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Despite the target of elimination of lymphatic filariasis by 2015, a few districts of West Bengal including Bankura district failed to achieve it. Under-coverage and unsupervised consumption of medicines during mass drug administration (MDA) campaign were implicated for the failure. Thereby, directly observed therapy (DOT) and mop up by repeated home visits for MDA were adopted.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to assess the coverage of anti-filarial medicines distribution and rate of consumption as well as to find out the causes of nonconsumption.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in three sub-centers each of three blocks and three wards of Bankura municipality of Bankura district, WB, India, selected through the stratified random sampling method. Information was collected interviewing inhabitants of the house hold selected through the systematic random sampling technique.

Results:
Overall, appropriate medicine distribution was 82.9% with 95.3% of correct consumption of both medicines under supervision. 91.87% of the respondents were aware about Lymphatic filariasis (LF) of which 89.95% reported swelling of leg/foot/hand, 9.57% as pain, 6.22% fever, and 1.44% reported swelling of testis as symptoms of LF. Altogether 10.6% individual, who consumed any medicine (527), reported AEs, out of that 66.1%, 19.6%, and 14.3% complained of dizziness/headache, nausea/vomiting, and drowsiness, respectively, and 28.6% of them sought consultation with health workers.

Conclusion:
Substantial supervised consumption in the form DOT in this round too leads to the fact that the effective coverage of MDA has reached the target. It seemed that some segment of the beneficiary is remaining as persistent noncomplaints. Mass mobilization for motivating this persistent defaulter section is the need of the hour.
In vitro antiplasmodial activity of selected plants from the Colombian North Coast with low cytotoxicity
Authors: Vergara Saray , Diaz Fredyc , Diez Amalia , Bautista José M. , Moneriz Carlos 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Plants are an important option in the treatment of malaria, especially in endemic regions, and are a less expensive and more accessible alternative with a lower risk of toxicity. Colombia has a great diversity of plants, and evaluation of natural extracts could result in the discovery of new compounds for the development of antimalarial drugs. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the in vitro antiplasmodial activity and the cytotoxicity of plant extracts from the Colombian North Coast against Plasmodium falciparum.

Materials and Methods:
The antiplasmodial activity of 12 plant species from the Colombian North Coast that are used in traditional medicine was evaluated through in vitro cultures of P. falciparum, and the cytotoxicity of extracts of these species to human cells was determined. Plant extracts with high antiplasmodial activity were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening.

Results:
Extracts from five plants had promising antiplasmodial activity. Specifically, Bursera simaruba (Burseraceae) (bark), Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. (Malvaceae) (whole plant), Murraya exotica L. (Rutaceae) (leaves), Hippomane mancinella L. (Euphorbiaceae) (seeds), and Capparis odoratissima Jacq. (Capparaceae) (leaves). Extracts presented 50% inhibitory concentration values between 1 and 9 μg/ml. Compared to no extract, these active plant extracts did not show cytotoxic effects on mononuclear cells or hemolytic activity in healthy human erythrocytes.

Conclusions:
The results obtained from this in vitro study of antiplasmodial activity suggest that active plant extracts from the Colombian North Coast are promising for future bioassay-guided fractionation to allow the isolation of active compounds and to elucidate their mechanism of action against Plasmodium spp.
Proporsi Penggunaan Kulit pisang (Musa paradisiaca L) dan Daging ikan Bandeng (Chanos chanos) pada Pembuatan Abon
Authors: Akbar Ahmad , Nurmiah Sitti , Sushanti Gusni 
Published: November 2022

Kulit pisang termasuk bahan hasil samping yang belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal. Kulit pisang yang dianggap sebagai limbah dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pangan karena masih mengandung nilai gizi seperti karbohidrat. Selain itu kulit pisang juga memiliki kandungan serat yang tinggi. Dengan demikian kulit pisang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pembuatan abon yang dikombinasikan dengan daging ikan bandeng. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proporsi terbaik penggunaan kulit pisang dan daging ikan bandeng pada pembuatan abon ikan. Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan proporsi kulit pisang dan daging ikan bandeng yaitu K = 100% kulit pisang, S1 = 75% kulit pisang : 25% daging ikan bandeng, S2 = 50% kulit pisang : 50% daging ikan bandeng, dan S3 = 25% kulit pisang : 75% daging ikan bandeng. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proporsi penggunaan kulit pisang dan daging ikan bandeng yang terbaik pada pembuatan abon adalah 25% kulit pisang dan 75% daging ikan bandeng. Abon yang dihasilkan dengan perlakuan tersebut cenderung lebih disukai oleh panelis dan memiliki komposisi kimia yang lebih baik dibanding perlakuan lainnya yaitu kadar air 6.23%, serat 3.46% dan protein 18.66%.
Analisis Finansial Nelayan Ikan Baronang (Siganus sp.) dan Kelayakan Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI) Maccini Baji Kabupaten Pangkajene dan Kepulauan
Authors: Risdayanti Risdayanti , Hasbi Ibnu Malkan , Heriansah Heriansah 
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sistem pengelolaan TPI Maccini Baji sebagai tempat pendaratan ikan dan mengetahui aspek finansial nelayan ikan Baronang (Siganus sp.) di PPI Maccini Baji Kabupaten Pangkep. Penelitian ini diharapkan bisa menjadi sumber informasi bagi masyarakat di Kabupaten Pangkep terkait kondisi pengelolaan danfinansial nelayan TPI Maccini Baji dalam mengeksploitasi sumberdaya ikan Baronang (Siganus sp.) agar tetap dimanfaatkan secara lestari. Penelitian ini tergolong penelitian deskriptif dengan melakukan survei di untuk mendeskripsikan keadaan dan praktek pada aspek kelembagaan TPI dan finansial nelayan, khususnya nelayan penangkap ikan baronang (Siganus sp). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli sampai dengan Agustus 2021 di Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI) Maccini Baji Kabupaten Pangkep Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah pengelola TPI Maccini Baji Kabupaten Pangkep dan 7 nelayan penangkap ikan baronang yang mendaratkan hasil tangkapannya di TPI Maccini Baji Kabupaten Pangkep. Sampel pengelola sebanyak 1 orang yang merupakan pengelola TPI Maccini Baji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem pengelolaan serta kelembagaan di TPI Maccini Baji Kabupaten Pangkep belum terlaksana dengan baik. Pemenuhan kelayakan dasar hanya 49,2% yang berada di bawah nilai 80% yang dipersyaratkan oleh Direktorat Jenderal Perikanan. Pendapatan yang diperoleh oleh nelayan penangkap ikan baronang berkisar antara Rp 1.122.222 sampai dengan Rp. 7.436.111, Titik impas atas dasar nilai penjualan pada Rp. 819.908 dan volume penjualan 20.17 kg.
Validation of pencil beam scanning proton therapy with multi‐leaf collimator calculated by a commercial Monte Carlo dose engine
Authors: Tominaga Yuki , Sakurai Yusuke , Miyata Junya , Harada Shuichi , Akagi Takashi , Oita Masataka 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the clinical beam commissioning results and lateral penumbra characteristics of our new pencil beam scanning (PBS) proton therapy using a multi‐leaf collimator (MLC) calculated by use of a commercial Monte Carlo dose engine. Eighteen collimated uniform dose plans for cubic targets were optimized by the RayStation 9A treatment planning system (TPS), varying scan area, modulation widths, measurement depths, and collimator angles. To test the patient‐specific measurements, we also created and verified five clinically realistic PBS plans with the MLC, such as the liver, prostate, base‐of‐skull, C‐shape, and head‐and‐neck. The verification measurements consist of the depth dose (DD), lateral profile (LP), and absolute dose (AD). We compared the LPs and ADs between the calculation and measurements. For the cubic plans, the gamma index pass rates (γ‐passing) were on average 96.5% ± 4.0% at 3%/3 mm for the DD and 95.2% ± 7.6% at 2%/2 mm for the LP. In several LP measurements less than 75 mm depths, the γ‐passing deteriorated (increased the measured doses) by less than 90% with the scattering such as the MLC edge and range shifter. The deteriorated γ‐passing was satisfied by more than 90% at 2%/2 mm using uncollimated beams instead of collimated beams except for three planes. The AD differences and the lateral penumbra width (80%–20% distance) were within ±1.9% and ± 1.1 mm, respectively. For the clinical plan measurements, the γ‐passing of LP at 2%/2 mm and the AD differences were 97.7% ± 4.2% on average and within ±1.8%, respectively. The measurements were in good agreement with the calculations of both the cubic and clinical plans inserted in the MLC except for LPs less than 75 mm regions of some cubic and clinical plans. The calculation errors in collimated beams can be mitigated by substituting uncollimated beams.
Biomarker‐Responsive Nanosystems for Chronic Disease Theranostics
Authors: Fu Qinrui , Yu Leilei , Wang Yin , Li Peifeng , Song Jibin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractChronic diseases claim millions of lives every year, and it is of great significance to explore and develop advanced drugs to improve the cure rate of chronic diseases. Nanotheranostics are innovative strategies that enable the integration of diagnostic and therapeutic properties into a single nanosystem. Despite great success in nanotheranostics, their applications of nanotheranostics in nanomedicine are still in their infancy. This is because each disease has its corresponding characteristic pathological microenvironment, which motivates the development of endogenous biomarker‐responsive nanosystems to meet the requirements of diagnosis and treatment. Herein, recent progress is presented in biomarker‐responsive nanosystems and their biomedical applications. First, biomarker‐responsive nanosystems are classified into eight subsections according to the type of chronic diseases, including tumors, cardiovascular diseases, neurological diseases, Wilson's diseases, chronic liver diseases, chronic kidney diseases, diabetes mellitus, and rheumatoid arthritis. In the following, a variety of intriguing applications of biomarkers‐responsive nanosystems are briefly elaborated, such as biosensing, diagnosis, therapy, combined theranostics, and early evaluation of therapy effect, etc. Finally, the challenges and future directions from research to clinical translation of these responsive nanosystems are also presented.
Alloyable Viscous Fluid for Interface Welding of Garnet Electrolyte to Enable Highly Reversible Fluoride Conversion Solid State Batteries
Authors: Liu Yangyang , Meng Junwei , Lei Meng , Yu Yifan , Lai Chuanzhong , Li Chilin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe garnet‐type solid‐state Li‐metal batteries are promising to develop into the high‐energy‐density system when coupled with the high‐capacity conversion reaction cathodes. However, the high interfacial resistance and poor contact between garnet electrolyte and Li anode are still a challenge. Here, an alloyable viscous fluid strategy is proposed for Li/garnet interface welding to enable highly reversible fluoride conversion solid‐state batteries. The super‐assembled phenide polymer with liquid metal property can serve as “oily” interlayer to in situ construct an ionic/electronic mixed conduction network by thermal and electrochemical lithiation. The resultant healing effect of contact voids between garnet and Li enables a dramatic reduction of interfacial resistance to 6 Ω cm2. The confinement and compaction of conversion products by garnet electrolyte endow the FeF3 based batteries with long‐cycling and high‐rate performance (520 and 330 mAh g−1 at 0.2 and 2 C respectively). This ceramic configuration also endows the CuF2 conversion battery with much better rechargeability (instead as widely known primary battery).
Autonomous Soft Robots Empowered by Chemical Reaction Networks
Authors: Fusi Giorgio , Del Giudice Daniele , Skarsetz Oliver , Di Stefano Stefano , Walther Andreas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHydrogel actuators are important for designing stimuli‐sensitive soft robots. They generate mechanical motion by exploiting compartmentalized (de)swelling in response to a stimulus. However, classical switching methods, such as manually lowering or increasing the pH, cannot provide more complex autonomous motions. By coupling an autonomously operating pH‐flip with programmable lifetimes to a hydrogel system containing pH‐responsive and non‐responsive compartments, autoonenomous forward and backward motion as well as more complex tasks, such as interlocking of “puzzle pieces” and collection of objects are realized. All operations are initiated by one simple trigger, and the devices operate in a “fire and forget” mode. More complex self‐regulatory behavior is obtained by adding chemo‐mechano‐chemo feedback mechanisms. Due to its simplicity, this method shows great potential for the autonomous operation of soft grippers and metamaterials.
Generation and Control of Ultrafast Circular Photon Drag Current in Multilayer PtSe2 Revealed Via Terahertz Emission
Authors: Zhang Longhui , Zhang Dongwen , Hu Fangrong , Xu Xinlong , Zhao Qiyi , Sun Xu , Wu Haizhong , Lü Zhihui , Wang Xiaowei , Zhao Zengxiu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe generation and control of ultrafast photocurrents on the surface of transition‐metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are essential for the development of advanced optoelectronic devices. A detailed understanding of the mechanism of ultrafast photocurrent generation is primarily needed to design functional devices. Here, it is reported that ultrafast photocurrents in multilayer PtSe2 are induced by the photon drag effect with high conversion efficiency. Particularly, under circularly polarized laser excitation, anisotropic in‐plane photon drag currents are generated, leading to the elliptically polarized terahertz (THz) radiation directly controlled by the helicity of the pump beam. Furthermore, a new model called “THz emission by the circular ac Hall effect” (TECacHE) is proposed to unveil the carrier transport process. It is observed that the origins of elliptically polarized THz emission controlled by helicity involve the pure circular photon drag current and the retardation induced by the Lorentz force. Besides, ultrafast ternary encoding is proposed and demonstrated by polarized THz emission. The results not only provide a new contactless detection model to study surface ultrafast photocurrents but also afford a fundamental investigation of the circular photon drag current in layered TMDs for THz telecommunication devices.
Efficient and Moisture‐Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells via n‐Type Small‐Molecule‐Assisted Surface Treatment
Authors: Hong Ji A , Jeong Mingyu , Park Sujung , Lee Ah‐Young , Kim Hye Seung , Jeong Seonghun , Kim Dae Woo , Cho Shinuk , Yang Changduk , Song Myoung Hoon 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDefect states at the surface and grain boundaries of perovskite films have been known to be major determinants impairing the optoelectrical properties of perovskite films and the stability of perovskite solar cells (PeSCs). Herein, an n‐type conjugated small‐molecule additive based on fused‐unit dithienothiophen[3,2‐b]‐pyrrolobenzothiadiazole‐core (JY16) is developed for efficient and stable PeSCs, where JY16 possesses the same backbone as the widely used Y6 but with long‐linear n‐hexadecyl side chains rather than branched side chains. Upon introducing JY16 into the perovskite films, the electron‐donating functional groups of JY16 passivate defect states in perovskite films and increase the grain size of perovskite films through Lewis acid–base interactions. Compared to Y6, JY16 exhibits superior charge mobility owing to its molecular packing ability and prevents decomposition of perovskite films under moisture conditions owing to their hydrophobic characteristics, improving the charge extraction ability and moisture stability of PeSCs. Consequently, the PeSC with JY16 shows a high power conversion efficiency of 21.35%, which is higher than those of the PeSC with Y6 (20.12%) and without any additive (18.12%), and outstanding moisture stability under 25% relative humidity, without encapsulation. The proposed organic semiconducting additive will prove to be crucial for achieving highly efficient and moisture stable PeSCs.
Nitrite Electroreduction to Ammonia Promoted by Molecular Carbon Dioxide with Near‐unity Faradaic Efficiency
Authors: Zhang Yangyang , Wang Yuan , Han Lu , Wang Shengnan , Cui Tengda , Yan Yifan , Xu Ming , Duan Haohong , Kuang Yun , Sun Xiaoming 
Published: November 2022

AbstractElectrochemical reduction of nitrite (NO2−) offers an energy‐efficient route for ammonia (NH3) synthesis and reduction of the level of nitrite, which is one of the major pollutants in water. However, the near 100 % Faradaic efficiency (FE) has yet to be achieved due to the complicated reduction route with several intermediates. Here, we report that carbon dioxide (CO2) can enhance the nitrite electroreduction to ammonia on copper nanowire (Cu NW) catalysts. In a broad potential range (−0.7∼−1.3 V vs. RHE), the FE of nitrite to ammonia is close to 100 % with a 3.5‐fold increase in activity compared to that obtained without CO2. In situ Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that CO2 acts as a catalyst to facilitate the *NO to *N step, which is the rate determining step for ammonia synthesis. The promotion effect of CO2 can be expanded to electroreduction of other nitro‐compounds, such as nitrate to ammonia and nitrobenzene to aniline.
Autonomous Non‐Equilibrium Self‐Assembly and Molecular Movements Powered by Electrical Energy**
Authors: Ragazzon Giulio , Malferrari Marco , Arduini Arturo , Secchi Andrea , Rapino Stefania , Silvi Serena , Credi Alberto 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe ability to exploit energy autonomously is one of the hallmarks of life. Mastering such processes in artificial nanosystems can open technological opportunities. In the last decades, light‐ and chemically driven autonomous systems have been developed in relation to conformational motion and self‐assembly, mostly in relation to molecular motors. In contrast, despite electrical energy being an attractive energy source to power nanosystems, its autonomous harnessing has received little attention. Herein we consider an operation mode that allows the autonomous exploitation of electrical energy by a self‐assembling system. Threading and dethreading motions of a pseudorotaxane take place autonomously in solution, powered by the current flowing between the electrodes of a scanning electrochemical microscope. The underlying autonomous energy ratchet mechanism drives the self‐assembly steps away from equilibrium with a higher energy efficiency compared to other autonomous systems. The strategy is general and might be extended to other redox‐driven systems.
Blocked Phosphates as Photolatent Catalysts for Dynamic Photopolymer Networks
Authors: Dertnig Carina , Guedes de la Cruz Gema , Neshchadin Dmytro , Schlögl Sandra , Griesser Thomas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWhile latent catalysts are a well‐established strategy for initiating and controlling the rate of polymerization reactions, their use in dynamic polymer networks is still in its infancy. The ideal latent catalyst should be thermally stable and release a highly active species in response to an external trigger. Here, we have synthesized a temperature resistant (>200 °C) organic phosphate with a photolabileo‐nitrobenzyl protecting group that can be cleaved by UV light. Introduced in a visible light curable thiol‐click photopolymer, the sequence‐dependent λ‐orthogonality of the curing and cleavage enables an efficient network formation at 451 nm, without premature release of the catalyst. Once cured, irradiation at 372 nm spatiotemporally activates the phosphate, which catalyzes transesterifications at elevated temperature. The formed catalyst has no effect on the thermal stability of the polymeric network and allows the activation of bond exchange reactions in selected domains of printed 3D objects.