bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of depression and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in public health institutions of Awabale Woreda, East Gojjam Zone, Northwestern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Bantie Alemayehu , Kassa Getachew Mullu , Zeleke Haymanot , Zeleke Liknaw Bewket , Aynalem Bewket Yeserah 
Published: October 2022

Background
Antenatal depression is a serious health problem and has negative consequences for the mother, fetus, and the entire family. However, it is a neglected component of care especially bay health care providers for women in pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of depression and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in public health institutions, in the Awabale Woreda.

Method
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018 and a stratified sampling technique was used to select the study health institutions. All seven public health institutions in Awabale District were included to select 393 mothers and the sample size was proportionally allocated based on the number of target mothers. We used EpiData version 3.1software for data entry and SPSS version 20 software for cleaning and analysis. A Bivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify the association between each outcome variable and the factor. Again, a multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors associated with each outcome variable, and variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were taken as significant variables. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was used to declare the presence of antenatal depression with a cut point score of 13 and above.

Result
This study showed that 63(17.8%) pregnant mothers had antenatal depressive symptoms. Women who were employed 85% reduced to develop antenatal depression than housewives [AOR = 0.15(0.001–0.25)]. Pregnant women who attended high school and above educational level were 18 times more likely to develop antenatal depression than women who had no formal education [AOR18.15 (2.73–120.76)]. Women who had poor husband feeling on the current pregnancy were 4.94 more likely to develop antenatal depression than women who had good partner feeling on the current pregnancy [AOR = 4.94(95%CI: 1.78–13.72)]. Women who had a history of depression were 8.2 times to develop antenatal depression than women who had no history of depression [AOR = 8.22 (95%CI: 2.87–23.57)].

Conclusion
This study revealed that approximately one-fifth of pregnant women developed antenatal depression. Women’s occupational status, educational status, previous history of depression, and poor husband feeling on the current pregnancy were the significant factors of antenatal depression.
The impact of strike action by Ghana registered nurses and midwives on the access to and utilization of healthcare services
Authors: Ampofo Perpetual Ofori , Tenkorang-Twum David , Adjorlolo Samuel , Chandi Margaretta Gloria , Wuni Francis Kwaku , Asiedu Ernestina , Kukula Vida Ami , Opoku Sampson 
Published: October 2022

Background
As the largest professional group, nurses and midwives play instrumental roles in healthcare delivery, supporting the smooth administration and operation of the health system. Consequently, the withdrawal of nursing and midwifery services via strike action has direct and indirect detrimental effects on access to healthcare.

Objective
The current study examined the impact of strike action by nurses and midwives with respect to access to and use of health services.

Method
Data were collected retrospectively from a total of 181 health facilities from all the 16 administrative regions of Ghana, with the support of field officers. Because the strike lasted for 3 days, the data collection span three consecutive days before the strike, three days of the strike and three consecutive days after the strike. Data analysis was focused comparing the utilization of healthcare services before, during and after strike. Data were analysed and presented on the various healthcare services. This was done separately for the health facility type and the 16 administrative regions.

Findings
The results showed that; (1) the average number of patients or clients who accessed healthcare services reduced drastically during the strike period, compared with before the strike. Majority of the regions recorded more than 70% decrease in service use during the strike period; (2) the average number of patients or clients who accessed healthcare services after the strike increased by more than 100% across majority of the regions.

Conclusion
The study showed that strike action by nurses and midwives negatively affected access to and utilization of healthcare services.
High burden of hypertension amongst adult population in rural districts of Northwest Ethiopia: A call for community based intervention
Authors: Teshome Destaw Fetene , Balcha Shitaye Alemu , Ayele Tadesse Awoke , Atnafu Asmamaw , Sisay Mekonnen , Asfaw Marye Getnet , Mitike Getnet , Gelaye Kassahun Alemu 
Published: October 2022

Background
Hypertension is a serious public health issue in Ethiopia, but there is a paucity of evidence in the country’s rural areas. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among adults in rural districts in northwest Ethiopia.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June to October 2020. The 1177 study participants were chosen using a multistage sampling procedure. A face-to-face interview was conducted using an adapted version of the WHO STEPwise approach questionnaire. Blood pressure was measured three times using an aneroid sphygmomanometer, and the mean of the last two readings were used for the analysis. Data was entered using Epidata and analyzed using STATA-16. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify risk factors associated with hypertension.

Results
Of the total participants, 218 (18.5%) were found to be hypertensive. The prevalence of hypertension consistently increases with age. Hypertension was positively and significantly associated with female sex ((adjusted odd ratio (AOR) = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.53, 3.45)), age group 45–54 years (AOR = 4.63, 95% CI: 1.01, 21.37), 55–64 years (AOR = 14.40, 95% CI: 3.07, 67.63), ≥65 years (AOR = 19.37, 95% CI: 4.03, 93.09), having history of alcohol consumption (AOR = 3.25, 95% CI: 1.17, 9.02), used much amount of salt (AOR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.53, 3.60) and too much amount of salt (AOR = 3.78, 95% CI: 1.85, 7.72), sleeping for a short duration (AOR = 2.05, 95%CI: 1.30, 3.24), and having family history of hypertension (AOR = 2.12, 95% CI; 1.32, 3.39).

Conclusions
Hypertension was significantly high among the rural population we studied and is emerging as a public health problem. Female sex, advanced age, ever used alcohol, excessive salt intake, insufficient sleep, and a family history of hypertension were factors that were positively and significantly associated with hypertension. We recommend local health authorities integrate promotion of hypertension health education, lifestyle modification intervention on salt and alcohol reduction, and hypertension detection, particularly for the female and elderly population, at the health post level to avert the problem.
Mapping and characterising electronic palliative care coordination systems and their intended impact: A national survey of end-of-life care commissioners
Authors: Birtwistle Jacqueline , Millares-Martin Pablo , Evans Catherine J. , Foy Robbie , Relton Samuel , Richards Suzanne , Sleeman Katherine E. , Twiddy Maureen , Bennett Michael I. , Allsop Matthew J. 
Published: October 2022

Objectives
In England, Electronic Palliative Care Coordination Systems (EPaCCS) were introduced in 2008 to support care coordination and delivery in accordance with patient preferences. Despite policy supporting their implementation, there has been a lack of rigorous evaluation of EPaCCS and it is not clear how they have been translated into practice. This study sought to examine the current national implementation of EPaCCS, including their intended impact on patient and service outcomes, and barriers and facilitators for implementation.

Methods
We conducted a national cross-sectional online survey of end-of-life care commissioning leads for Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs) in England. We enquired about the current implementation status of EPaCCS, their role in information sharing and intended impact, and requested routine patient-level data relating to EPaCCS.

Results
Out of 135 CCGs, 85 (63.0%) responded, with 57 (67.1%) having operational EPaCCS. Use of EPaCCS were confined to healthcare providers with most systems (67%) not supporting information sharing with care homes and social care providers. Most systems (68%) sought to facilitate goal concordant care, although there was inconsonance between intended impacts and monitoring measures used. Common challenges to implementation included healthcare professionals’ limited engagement. Only one-third of patients had an EPaCCS record at death with limited recording of patient preferences.

Conclusions
Critical gaps exist in engagement with EPaCCS and their ability to facilitate information sharing across care providers. The limited alignment between stated goals of EPaCCS and their monitoring impedes efforts to understand which characteristics of systems can best support care delivery.
Proportion of stroke types in Madagascar: A tertiary-level hospital-based case series
Authors: Riedmann Julia , Solonavalona Andriamihaja Flavien , Rakotozafy Adriamboahanginiaina Ravosoa , Ralamboson Solofo , Endres Matthias , Siegerink Bob , Siebert Eberhard , Knauss Samuel , Emmrich Julius Valentin 
Published: October 2022

Background
Like other countries in sub-Saharan Africa, Madagascar has a high burden of stroke. The Malagasy population is unique in sharing both African and Asian ancestry. The proportion of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke types is unknown for this population.

Aim
Our aim was to establish the proportion of stroke types and known risk factors for the Malagasy population.

Methods
We conducted a single-center, tertiary-level hospital-based case series. We included all patients with a CT-imaging confirmed stroke who presented at the emergency ward of the study hospital between January 1, 2017, and November 20, 2018.

Results
Of 223 patients with CT-confirmed stroke, 57.4% (128/223, 95% CI: 51–64%) had an ischemic stroke and 42.6% (95/223, 95% CI: 36–49%) had an intracranial hemorrhage. The majority (89.5%; 85/95, 95% CI: 83–96%) of intracranial hemorrhages were intracerebral; 4.2% (4/95, 95% CI: 0–8%) had a subdural hematoma, 5.3% (5/95, 95% CI: 1–10%) had a subarachnoid hemorrhage, there was one isolated intraventricular hemorrhage (1.1%; 1/95, 95% CI: -1-3%). The prevalence of hypertension among stroke patients was high (86.6%; 187/216, 95% CI: 82–91%).

Conclusions
Our study is the first to report the proportion of stroke types and known risk factors in Madagascar. We find that the proportion of hemorrhagic strokes was unexpectedly higher than that reported from other countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Our findings highlight the need for a country-specific approach to stroke prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation and provide guidance on public health resource allocation in Madagascar.
Prevalence of hepatitis B virus and immunity status among healthcare workers in Beira City, Mozambique
Authors: Mabunda Nédio , Vieira Lúcia , Chelene Imelda , Maueia Cremildo , Zicai Ana Flora , Duajá Ana , Chale Falume , Chambal Lúcia , Vubil Adolfo , Augusto Orvalho 
Published: October 2022

Background
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can be prevented by vaccination. Exposure to blood or body fluids poses a high risk of transmission of HBV in health care workers (HCWs). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of markers of exposure, susceptibility, and protection to HBV infection in HCWs in Beira, Mozambique.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted between June and August 2020 in Beira City, Mozambique, in HCWs based on self-administered questionnaires and blood samples. Plasma samples were tested for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), antibodies to HBV core antigen (anti-HBc), antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs) and HBV viral load (HBV DNA).

Results
Most of the 315 HCWs in the study were nurses (125; 39.7%). Of the HCWs, 5.1% (16; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 2.9 to 8.1%) were infected by HBV (HBsAg and/or HBV DNA positive). Occult HBV infection (OBI) (HBV DNA positive and HBsAg negative) was found in 0.3% (1; 95% CI: 0.0 to 1.8%) of participants; 27.9% (88; 95% CI: 23.1 to 33.2%) were susceptible (negative for all markers), 6.3% (20; 95% CI: 3.9 to 9.6) were immune due to natural infection (anti-HBs and anti-HBc positive only), while 60% (189; 95% CI: 54.4 to 65.5) were immune due to vaccination (anti-HBs positive only).

Conclusion
This study showed a high intermediate prevalence of chronic hepatitis B among healthcare workers in Beira City, Central Mozambique, and one-third of healthcare workers were susceptible to HBV infection. There is a need to implement a national hepatitis B screening and vaccination strategy among healthcare workers in Mozambique.
Influence of impact angle and humidity on TB11 virtual crash tests for SP-05/2 road safety barrier
Authors: Nycz Daniel 
Published: October 2022

W pracy przedstawiono badania numeryczne wpływu wybranych czynników, tj. kąta zderzenia oraz suchej/mokrej nawierzchni drogi i pobocza, na przebieg wirtualnego testu zderzeniowego TB11. Testy dotyczą bariery klasy N2-W4-A w łuku poziomym wklęsłym o promieniu 150 m, uderzanej samochodem Geo Metro pod kątem 20°. Nakładka jest łatwa w montażu, bez ingerencji w barierę stalową, poprzez mocowanie za pomocą łączników śrubowych z prostokątnymi podkładkami gumowymi, w wolnych otworach prowadnicy. Obliczenia numeryczne przeprowadzono w środowisku LS-Dyna, wykorzystując model pojazdu Geo Metro zaczerpnięty ze strony NCAC i odpowiednio zmodyfikowany. Analizą objęto parametry jakościowe i ilościowe określające testy zderzeniowe, zgodnie z normami PN-EN 1317-1:2010 i PN-EN 1317-2:2010. Zaprojektowana nakładka kompozytowo-pianowa zapewnia przyjęcie wirtualnych testów zderzeniowych dla normowego kąta zderzenia, w warunkach suchych i mokrych. Wpływ kąta zderzenia na przebieg testu zderzeniowego jest złożony. Zwiększenie kąta do 30° może prowadzić do niespełnienia warunku wyprowadzenia pojazdu na jezdnię.
Evaluation of prognostic markers in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Mandal Dipendra Kumar , Chhusyabaga Mandira , Pokhrel Sushant , Bhattarai Bibek Raj , Aryal Suraj , Nepal Richa , Bastola Anup , Baral Soma Kanta , Bhatt Mahendra Prasad , Marahatta Sujan Babu , Sah Shiv Kumar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Prognostic markers are the biomarkers used to measure the disease progression and patient outcome regardless of treatment in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to analyze laboratory parameters as prognostic markers for the early identification of disease severity. In this study, 165 patients attending Sukraraj Tropical and Infectious Disease Hospital with COVID-19 were enrolled and divided into severe and non-severe groups. The demographic data, underlying co-morbidities, and laboratory findings were analyzed and compared between severe and non-severe cases. The correlation between the disease criticality and laboratory parameters was analyzed. Cut-off values of parameters for severe patients were speculated through the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve, and regression analysis was performed to determine the risk factors. Patients with severe COVID-19 infection had significantly higher absolute neutrophil count, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR), ferritin, positive carbohydrate reactive protein (CRP), glucose, urea, creatinine, and aspartate aminotransferase, while lower absolute lymphocyte count, absolute eosinophil count (AEC), and red blood cell count in comparison to non-severe infection. ROC analysis gave a cut-off value (sensitivity, specificity) of age, AEC, NLR, PLR, and ferritin as 47.5 years (70.2, 64.7%), 335 cells/mm3 (74, 67%) 3.3 (68.4, 63.7%), 129 (77.2, 51%), and 241 ng/mL (74.0%, 65.0%) respectively. Risk factor analysis showed higher age, low AEC, high ferritin, and positive CRP as independent risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 infection. Hematological and inflammatory markers, including novel NLR and PLR, should be assessed to aid clinicians in the early identification of severe cases, prioritization of cases, and effective management to decrease the mortality of COVID-19 patients.
A study of a nonlinear Riemann–Liouville coupled integro-differential system with coupled nonlocal fractional integro-multipoint boundary conditions
Authors: Ahmad Bashir , Alsaedi Ahmed , Alghamdi Badrah 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We discuss the existence of solutions for a boundary value problem of nonlinear coupled Riemann–Liouville fractional integro-differential equations equipped with coupled nonlocal fractional integro-multipoint boundary conditions. The standard tools of the modern functional analysis are employed to derive the desired results for the problem at hand. The case of nonlinearities depending on the Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals is also discussed. Examples illustrating the obtained results are presented.
Diesel engine small-sample transfer learning fault diagnosis algorithm based on STFT time–frequency image and hyperparameter autonomous optimization deep convolutional network improved by PSO–GWO–BPNN surrogate model
Authors: Liu Yangshuo , Kang Jianshe , Guo Chiming , Bai Yunjie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Aiming at the problems of complex diesel engine cylinder head signals, difficulty in extracting fault information, and existing deep learning fault diagnosis algorithms with many training parameters, high time cost, and high data volume requirements, a small-sample transfer learning fault diagnosis algorithm is proposed in this article. First, the fault vibration signal of the diesel engine is converted into a three-channel red green blue (RGB) short-time Fourier transform time–frequency diagram, which reduces the randomness of artificially extracted features. Then, for the problem of slow network training and large sample size requirements, the AlexNet convolutional network and the ResNet-18 convolutional network are fine-tuned on the diesel engine time–frequency map samples as pre-training models with the transfer diagnosis strategy. In addition, to improve the training effect of the network, a surrogate model is introduced to autonomously optimize the hyperparameters of the network. Experiments show that, when compared to other commonly used methods, the transfer fault diagnosis algorithm proposed in this article can obtain high classification accuracy in the diagnosis of diesel engines while maintaining very stable performance under the condition of small samples.
Effects of forest walking on physical and mental health in elderly populations: a systematic review
Authors: Piva Giovanni , Caruso Lorenzo , Gómez Alberto Cruz , Calzolari Marta , Visintin Emilio Paolo , Davoli Pietromaria , Manfredini Fabio , Storari Alda , Spinozzi Paola , Lamberti Nicola 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
There is a growing awareness that spending time in nature is associated with improvement of well-being; nevertheless, the prescription of forest bathing is still limited. The aim of this systematic review was to explore the physiological and psychological benefits of different forest therapies on healthy and pathological elderly populations (>60 years) to identify the most-effective type, duration, and frequency of these interventions. A search for literature was carried out in December 2021 using PubMed, EMBASE, ResearchGate, Google Scholar and Web of Science. Grey literature was searched as well. After removal of the duplicates, within the 214 articles identified, ten met the inclusion criteria. The methodological quality of the selected studies was rated. Forest walking, alone and in combination with other activities is the most effective intervention. The selected studies reported a positive impact on physical components, including reduction in blood pressure and heart rate and improvements in cardiopulmonary and neurochemical parameters. Favorable modifications have also been noted in the psychological field, with improvements in depression, stress levels and in quality of life perception. In conclusion, forest walking may play an important role in promoting physical and mental health in healthy and pathological elderly populations. However, the lack of high-quality studies limits the strength of the results, calling for more trials.
Topical review – salivary biomarkers in chronic muscle pain
Authors: Jasim Hajer 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background and aims
Muscle related temporomandibular disorders (myogenous TMD), one of the most common orofacial pain conditions, is characterized by facial pain and often accompanied by jaw movement limitations. Although the underlying biological mechanisms are still unclear, a cluster of proteins and peptides is assumed to be involved in the pathophysiology. These proteins and peptides may be measured in a simple non-invasive saliva sample. This work investigated whether saliva can be used to sample algogenic substances that can serve as molecular biomarkers for TMD myalgia.

Methods
Saliva and blood samples were collected from healthy individuals (n=69) and patients diagnosed with TMD myalgia (n=39) according to the Diagnostic Criteria for TMD. Unstimulated and stimulated whole, parotid, and sublingual saliva were analysed. The protein profiles were investigated using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by identification with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Levels of nerve growth factor (NGF), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and brain derived neuro-tropic factor (BDNF) were determined using western blotting based technology and multiplex electro-chemiluminescence assay panel. Glutamate, serotonin, and substance p (SP) were determined using commercially available methods.

Results
Different saliva collection approaches resulted in significant differences in the protein profile as well as in the expression of NGF, BDNF, CGRP, SP, and glutamate. Stimulated whole saliva showed least variability in protein concentration (35%) and was correlated to plasma levels of glutamate. Unlike SP and glutamate, NGF and BDNF expressed a rhythmic variation in salivary expression with higher levels in the morning (p<0.05). Patients with a diagnosis of TMD myalgia had significantly higher levels of salivary glutamate but lower salivary NGF and BDNF compared to controls; in addition, the lower NGF and BDNF levels correlated to psychological dysfunction. The quantitative proteomics data revealed 20 proteins that were significantly altered in patients compared to controls. The identified proteins are involved in metabolic processes, immune response, and stress response. Dissimilarities in protein profile and clinical variables were observed between TMD myalgia and myofascial pain.

Conclusions
The work highlights the importance of consistency in saliva collection approaches, including the timing of the collection. It displayed significant changes in pain specific mediators and protein profile in TMD myalgia and furthermore dissimilarities between subclasses indicating different pathophysiology. After extensive validation, potential salivary biomarkers can be combined with clinical features to better understand and diagnose TMD myalgia.