bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and toxicity of combined inhibition of EGFR and VEGF in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer harboring activating EGFR mutations: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Deluce Jasna , Maj David , Breadner Daniel , Boldt Gabriel , Raphael Jacques 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Dual inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathways have demonstrated promising results for treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring EGFR mutations. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and toxicity of combined treatment with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and VEGF blockade.Methods: The electronic databases PubMed, Cochrane Library and EMBASE, were searched for relevant randomized trials between 2000 and 2020. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and adverse events (AEs). Pooled hazard ratios for OS and PFS, and odds ratios for ORR, DCR and toxicity were meta-analyzed using the generic inverse variance and the Mantel-Haenszel methods. Subgroup analyses compared PFS by gender, age, smoking status, EGFR mutation, intra-cranial disease and ECOG status.Results: A total of 1,246 patients from 6 trials were evaluated for analyses. Dual treatment decreased the risk of disease progression by 38%, but had no added benefit on OS compared to EGFR inhibition alone. There was no significant difference in ORR or DCR between treatments and more AEs reported in the dual treatment arm. The PFS benefit was consistent across all subgroups.Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggests combined inhibition of EGFR and VEGF pathways significantly improves PFS, with no interim OS benefit, and increases AEs. Mature OS data are needed along with results from trials exploring this strategy with 3rd generation TKIs to strengthen these results.
Tuning the properties of pineapple peel cellulose nanofibrils by TEMPO-mediated oxidation and ball milling
Authors: Lv Tianyi , Chen Yuan , Luo Yuyuan , Dai Difei , Feng Xin , Chen Hai , Yu Yong , Ma Liang , Zhang Yuhao , Dai Hongjie 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this study, the oxidized cellulose nanofibrils from pineapple peel (PP-TOCNF) were prepared by TEMPO-mediated oxidation followed by ball milling. The influence of oxidation degree on the structure and properties of PP-TOCNF were investigated, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscope (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermogravimetry (TG), as well as the potential application in aerogels. The results suggested that TEMPO oxidation facilitated the dispersion of PP-TOCNF due to the strong electrostatic repulsion between –COO− groups. Regulating oxidation degree by varying NaClO concentration could effectively adjust the –COO− content (0.167 ~ 0.550 mmol/g), zeta potential (-18 ~ -34 mV) and rheological properties. The obtained PP-TOCNF showed a long fibrillar structure, whose average diameter and CrI values gradually decreased with the increase of oxidation degree. The PP-TOCNF-based aerogels exhibited a light weight, good porosity, water absorption, and mechanical properties, which also can be easily adjusted by oxidation degree of PP-TOCNF. Furthermore, TEMPO oxidation improved the stability and shape recovery ability of aerogels in water.
Effects of Oregano Aromatic Water (Oreganum onites L.) Supplementation on Diets of Lactating Dairy cows on Milk Production Performance, Metabolic Health and Antioxidative Defense Mechanism
Authors: Özkaya Serkan , Taşkın Koray , Erbaş Sabri , Özkan Oktay , Neja Wojciech 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to validate the effect of oregano aromatic water (OAW) on blood parameters, oxidative stress, and production and composition of milk when used as a feed additive. Thirty lactating Holstein cows (average 570 kg), average 74 days in milk and 2.44 lactation number, were randomly divided into three groups for a period of 60-days. These groups included: (G1) control ration, (G2) control ration + OAW (10 mg/kg of DM), (G3) control ration + OAW (20 mg/kg of DM). Milk production (MP) were unaffected by OAW doses (P>0.05). The supplementation of OAW did not affect the milk composition, and somatic cell count (SCC) (P>0.05). OAW supplementation did not affect blood biochemical values except ketone and glucose. The glucose value increased as the ketone decreased with OAW supplementation (P<0.05). The hematological blood values were not found to be significant. Supplementing OAW resulted in greater (P<0.05) total antioxidant status in G2 and G3 than G1. The current study's findings indicated that OAW supplementation had no benefits for milk yield and milk composition. It also tended to improve Somatic Cell Counts, udder health, and the antioxidative defense mechanism.
Clinical Benefit and Safety of Ablation Index -Guided Higher-Power Ablation Protected by Impedance Spike Cut-off in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: guo fei , Xu Jian , Luo Jianfeng , Zhu Jing , Zhu Hongjun , Su Hao , Zhang Can , Xuan Jianwei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Aims: To evaluate the procedural effectiveness, efficiency and safety outcomes when using ablation index-guided higher-power ablation protected by impedance spike cut-off for atrial fibrillation (AF) up to 12-month follow-up in China.Methods：132 patients were consecutively enrolled. The endpoints included freedom from any atrial arrhythmia during 12-month follow-up, first-pass pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) rate, RF ablation time, procedure time and fluoroscopy time. Results: All patients achieved acute PVI and first-pass PVI rate was 87.9%. During 12-month follow-up, the overall success rate was 82.6%. The mean procedure time, total RF ablation time, baseline impedance value and fluoroscopy time were 55.3±11.3min, 36.0±8.5min, 118.5±9.4Ω and 7.1±3.6min, respectively. The spike cut-off occurred in 72 (54.6%) subjects and mostly during PVI at the anterior carina of right pulmonary vein (RPV) (25.8%), ridge between left atrial appendage and left pulmonary vein (22.0%), and inferior of RPV (16.7%). The overall major adverse event rate was 0.8%. The result of Cox regression analysis showed that gender, baseline impedance value and contact force were independent prognostic factors for recurrence.Conclusion: AI-guided higher-power ablation with impedance spike cut-off appears to be a safe and effective ablation technique for AF and leads to a high overall success rate at 12 months.
Development and validation of a quantitative food frequency questionnaire to assess free sugar intake among Sri Lankan preschool children
Authors: Mututanthri Shanika , Thoradeniya Tharanga , Samaranayake Anil , Harris Rebecca 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Monitoring the free sugar intake of preschool children is important for population health surveillance and evaluation of community-wide efforts at non-communicable diseases and dental caries prevention. Appropriate dietary assessments tools are also needed to underpin clinical prevention for patients. Thus, anappropriate dietary assessment tool applicable for large-scale, community-based studies without an excessive participant burden is needed, such as a quantitativefood frequency questionnaire that assesses dietary data retrospectively. Suchtools also need to be tailored and validated for the cultural context andpopulation concerned. Sri Lanka is currently lacking such a tool for use amongits pre-school population.Methods: In the development phase, a sample of 518 pre-school children and their caregivers were selected from pre-schools in the District of Colombo, Sri Lanka. Three 24-hour dietary recalls were collected from each child and based on that, a 67-item food frequency questionnaire was developed, including commonly consumed free sugar-containing food items. In the validation phase, 108 pairs of preschool children aged 04-05-years, and their caregivers participated. The relative validity of the food frequency questionnaire was assessed by comparing it with three, 24-hour dietary recalls. The test-retest reliability was assessed by repeated application of the food frequency questionnaire to the same population in six weeks intervals.Results: The free sugar intake values calculated from the food frequency questionnaire when compared with three, 24-hour dietary recalls indicated a good correlation, good agreement in cross classifying participants to tertiles based on their sugar intake levels and a good agreement in bland and Altman graphs at different food group levels and total free lsugar intake. The food frequency questionnaire measured sugar intake levels slightly higher than three 24-hour dietary recalls. Similarly, the free sugar intake values calculated by repeated application of the food frequency questionnaire also showed a good agreement at the group and individual levels as well as a good correlation.Conclusion: The newly developed quantitative food frequency questionnaire was found as a valid and reliable instrument to assess the free sugar intake among preschool children quantitatively as a total or by different food and beverage group levels.
Improvement in the neutron beam collimation for application in boron neutron capture therapy of the head and neck region
Authors: Hu Naonori , Tanaka Hiroki , Kakino Ryo , Yoshikawa Syuushi , Miyao Mamoru , Akita Kazuhiko , Aihara Teruhito , Nihei Keiji , Ono Koji 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In June 2020, the Japanese government approved boron neutron capture therapy for the treatment of head and neck cancer. The treatment is usually performed in a single fraction, with the neutron irradiation time being approximately 30–60 minutes. As neutrons scatter in air and loses its intensity, it is preferable to bring the patient close to the beam port as possible to shorten the irradiation time. However, this can be a challenge, especially for patients with head and neck cancer, as the shoulders get in the way. In this study, a novel neutron collimation system was designed to allow for a more comfortable treatment to be performed, while not compromising the irradiation time. Experimental measurements confirmed the simulation results and showed the new collimator can reduce the irradiation time by approximately 60%. The dose delivered to the surrounding healthy tissue was reduced with the new collimator, showing a 25% decrease in the D50 of the mucosal membrane. Overall, the use of the newly designed collimator will allow for a more comfortable treatment of the head and neck region, reduce the treatment time, and reduce the dose delivered to the surrounding healthy tissue.
Evaluation and Correction of Sub-seasonal Forecast of Precipitation in Eastern China
Authors: Liu Li , Bai Huimin , Feng Guolin , Gong Zhiqiang , Zhou Botao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Assessing the capability of sub-seasonal dynamic model forecast of precipitation and proposing probable correction method is quite an important topic in current climate research field. From the perspective of rainfall amount, rainy days and rainfall-belt evolution, the sub-seasonal forecast ability of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) model for the main rainy-season precipitation in eastern China is evaluated up to 4-week (25–31 days) lead time. The evaluation results show that the forecast biases increase gradually with the increase of forecast lead time, characterized by the predicted rainfall amount obviously higher than observation and the rainy days much longer than observation. In order to decrease the forecast biases of rainfall amount and rainy days, the rainy day based correction (RDC) method is proposed in this study. Cross validation results of the RDC method indicate that the spatial correlation coefficient (SCC) of rainfall amount forecast of the ECMWF model with the observation increases by 0.61%-1.56% and the root mean square error (RMSE) decreases by 3.5%-7.6% up to 4-week lead time. While RDC method also modifies the number of rainy days, the SCC of rainy days increases by 12.96%-18.62%, and the RMSE decreases by 56.49%-63.78%. Furthermore, the problem of the number of continuous rainy days being too long in the model forecast is also improved by using the RDC method. Therefore, the RDC method presents the pretty good performance to improve the sub-seasonal forecast on rainfall amount, total rainy days and maximum continuous rainy days, which may be further applied in other models’ sub-seasonal forecasts.
Case Report of Congenital Methemoglobinemia: An Uncommon Cause of Neonatal Cyanosis
Authors: Lyle Allison N. J. , Spurr Rebecca , Kirkey Danielle , Albert Catherine M. , Billimoria Zeenia , Perez Jose , Puia-Dumitrescu Mihai 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Methemoglobinemia can be an acquired or congenital condition. The acquired form occurs from exposure to oxidative agents. Congenital methemoglobinemia is a rare and potentially life-threatening cause of cyanosis in newborns that can be caused by either cytochrome B5 reductase or hemoglobin variants known as Hemoglobin M. Case presentation: A term male infant developed cyanosis and hypoxia shortly after birth after an uncomplicated pregnancy, with oxygen saturations persistently 70-80% despite 1.0 FiO2 and respiratory support of CPAP+6 cm H2O. Pre- and post-ductal saturations were equal and remained blow 85%. Initial radiographic and echography imaging was normal. Capillary blood gas values were reassuring with normal pH and an elevated pO2. Investigations to rule out hemolysis and end-organ dysfunction were within acceptable range. Given the absence of clear cardiac or pulmonary etiology of persistent cyanosis, hematologic causes such as methemoglobinemia were explored. No family history was available at the time of transfer to our institution. Multiple attempts were made to obtain methemoglobin levels. Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia >5 mg/dL (442 µmol/L) interfered with laboratory equipment measurement, making accurate methemoglobin levels unattainable. Initial treatment with methylene blue or ascorbic acid was considered. However, upon arrival of the presumed biological father, a thorough history revealed an extensive paternal family history of neonatal cyanosis due to a rare mutation resulting in a hemoglobin M variant. Given this new information, hematology recommended supportive care as well as further testing to confirm the diagnosis of congenital methemoglobinopathy. Whole genome sequencing revealed a likely pathogenic variation in hemoglobin. The neonate was discharged home at two weeks of age on full oral feeds with 0.25L/min nasal cannula as respiratory support, with close outpatient follow-up. By five weeks of age, he was weaned off respiratory support.Conclusion: Congenital methemoglobinemia should be considered in the differential diagnosis for newborns with persistent hypoxemia despite normal imaging and laboratory values. Accurate quantification of methemoglobin concentrations is challenging in neonates due to the presence of other substances that absorb light at similar wavelengths, including HbF, bilirubin, and lipids.
Characterization of Local Chicken of Trans-boundary region of Jammu &amp; Kashmir (India)
Authors: Singh Simran , Taggar Raman Kant , CHAKRABORTY DIBYENDU , Kumar Dhirendra , Kumar Nishant , Azad Mandeep Singh 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The study was conducted in the Poonch district of Union territory of Jammu & Kashmir, India with the goal of assessing the qualitative and quantitative traits of indigenous chicken reared under natural production environment. Adult indigenous chicken reared by 55 randomly selected rural households were used for measuring the various qualitative and quantitative traits (n=117).The result showed predominant black plumage (38.46%), solid plumage pattern (75.21%), yellow skin colour (84.62%), yellow shank colour (81.20%), red earlobe colour (94.87%), single comb type (90.60%) and red comb colour (100%) in overall indigenous chicken population in field condition. Overall mean for body weight, body length, shank length, chest circumference and wingspan were1.84 ± 0.05 kg, 37.16± 0.32 cm, 9.33± 0.19 cm, 32.31± 0.30 cm and 35.64± 0.35cm, respectively. The correlations of body weight (BW) with other linear body measurements (BL, SL, CC and WS) were positive and significant (P<0.01). The body length (BL) could be the best predictor of body weight of indigenous chicken in linear nature of responses due to the highest adjusted R2 value (0.337). The rate of inbreeding was 0.50 % across the studied population. The distinctive variability in these traits is due to both genetic and environmental factors providing the foundation for further characterization of indigenous chicken population.
Deep-learning assisted label-free hematology analysis through defocusing a regular microscope
Authors: Hu Qinglei , Chen Duan , Li Ning , Liu Xiuli , Zeng Shaoqun , Lv Xiaohua , Chen Li , Xiao Yuwei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Hematology analysis is the most fundamental clinical test in differential diagnosis. The conventional way uses a laboratory hematology analyzer for complete blood count and requires highly trained professionals for morphology examination. The whole procedure is time- and labor-intensive, which severely affects the disease diagnosis efficiency. Meanwhile, the requirement for laboratory instruments and professionals impedes its popularization. Here, we proposed a deep-learning assisted, label-free hematology analysis technique through a regular microscope to solve these limitations. We have demonstrated that the subcellular morphology of unstained leukocytes, erythrocytes, and platelets can be revealed by simply defocusing a regular microscope. We have shown that this technique can automatically differentiate five-part leukocytes with high precision (mean average precision achieves 98.0%) and convert the label-free blood images into virtual Giemsa images with the assistance of deep-learning algorithms. The Pearson coefficients for the leukocyte counts from this technique and the manual counting method are large than 0.9083. The proposed technique can not only enhance the clinical hematology analysis efficiency but also has great potential to be quickly popularized since the regular microscope is a broadly used imaging tool.
Targeting HER2 mutant advanced biliary tract cancers with neratinib: results from the SUMMIT ‘basket’ trial
Authors: Harding James , Piha-Paul Sarina , Shah Ronak , Murphy Jessica , Cleary James , Shapiro Geoffrey , Quinn David , Braña Irene , Moreno Victor , Borad Mitesh , Loi Sherene , Spanggaard Iben , Park Haeseong , Ford James , Arnedos Monica , Stemmer Salomon , Fouchardiere Christelle de la , Fountzilas Christos , Zhang Jie , DiPrimeo Daniel , Savin Casey , Selcuklu S. Duygu , Berger Michael , Eli Lisa , Meric-Bernstam Funda , Jhaveri Komal , Solit David , Abou-Alfa Ghassan K 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
HER2 mutations are infrequent genomic events in biliary tract cancers (BTCs). Neratinib, an irreversible, pan-HER, oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor, interferes with constitutive receptor kinase activation and has activity in HER2-mutant tumours. SUMMIT is an open-label, single-arm, multi-cohort, phase 2, ‘basket’ trial of neratinib in patients with solid tumours harbouring oncogenic HER2 somatic mutations (NCT01953926). The primary objective of the BTC cohort was objective response rate (ORR). Among 25 treatment-refractory patients (11 cholangiocarcinoma, 10 gallbladder, 4 ampullary cancers), the ORR was 16%. The most common HER2 mutations were S310F (n = 11; 48%) and V777L (n = 4; 17%). Outcomes appeared worse for ampullary tumours or those with co-occurring oncogenic TP53 and CDKN2A alterations. Loss of amplified HER2 S310F and acquisition of multiple previously undetected oncogenic co-mutations were identified at progression in one responder. Neratinib demonstrated anti-tumour activity in patients with refractory BTC harbouring HER2 mutations. Future studies of rational combinations are warranted.
Damage assessment in one-nave churches and analysis of the most recurring mechanisms after the 2016-2017 Central Italy earthquakes
Authors: Ceroni Francesca , Casapulla Claudia , Cescatti Elvis , Follador Veronica , Prota Andrea , Porto Francesca da 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The assessment of churches at a territorial scale is a suitable tool to have an overview of the seismic behaviour of this peculiar structural typology and to evaluate the current state of vulnerability based on empirical data. Fragility and vulnerability curves can also be obtained to perform the analysis of different seismic scenarios.The paper presents a detailed typological analysis of 633 one-nave churches, as a selected subset of the database previously examined by the authors, with the aim of evaluating the influence of some parameters such as: the masonry typology, the church dimensions, the presence of the bell tower, on the church vulnerability. After that, a specific analysis is carried out to assess the influence played by single mechanisms on the definition of the overall damage index, with the focus of providing qualitative evaluations and explicit vulnerability and fragility curves related to a selection of significant collapse mechanisms.
mRNA booster vaccination enhances antibody responses against SARS-CoV2 Omicron variant in individuals primed with mRNA or inactivated virus vaccines
Authors: Zhang Biyan , Huo Jianxin , Huang Yuhan , Teo Shuan Yong , Li Yan Feng , Toh Lim Kai , Lam Kong-Peng , Xu Shengli 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The advent of Omicron variant globally hastened the requirement of a booster vaccination dose to confer continuous protection against symptomatic SARS-CoV2 infection. However, different vaccines are available in different countries and individuals who had adverse reactions to certain vaccine types require heterologous vaccine boosters. To understand the efficacy of different vaccination regimens in inducing humoral responses to SARS-CoV2, we examined plasma antibodies and frequencies of Omicron RBD-specific B cells in individuals who had different priming-booster vaccination regimens. We found that individuals with three homologous doses of mRNA vaccines had higher levels of IgG of all subclasses against RBD of Omicron than individuals with three homologous doses of inactivated virus vaccine. More importantly, individuals who received a booster dose of mRNA vaccine, regardless of the types of priming vaccine, had antibodies with higher neutralizing capability against the Omicron variant. Corroborating the antibody results, boosting with the mRNA vaccine increased the frequencies of Omicron RBD-binding B cells. Together, our data demonstrate that an mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273) booster enhances humoral responses against Omicron variant in individuals vaccinated with either two prior doses of mRNA or inactivated virus vaccine (CoronaVac or BBIBP-CorV), potentially providing more effective protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly by the Omicron variant.