bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuberculosis detection from raw sputum samples using Au-electroplated screen-printed electrodes as E-DNA sensor
Authors: Sharif M. N. , Taufiq S. , Sohail M. , Abbas S. R. 
Published: November 2022

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of death globally, especially in underdeveloped nations. The main impediment to TB eradication is a lack of efficient diagnostic tools for disease diagnosis. In this work, label free and ultrasensitive electrochemical DNA biosensor for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been developed based on the electrodeposition of gold nanoparticles on the surface of carbon screen-printed carbon electrode (Zensors) for signal amplification. Particularly, screen-printed electrodes were modified by electrochemical deposition of Au to enhance the conductivity and facilitate the immobilization of ssDNA probes via Au-S bonds. The electrochemically modified SPEs were characterized using Scanning electron microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (SEM/EDX) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) techniques were used to investigate the DNA hybridization between single-stranded (ssDNA) probe and target DNA (tDNA). Under the ideal conditions, DPV exhibited a correlation coefficient R2 = 0.97, when analyzed with different tDNA concentrations. The proposed DNA biosensor exhibits a good detection range from 2 to 10 nm with a low detection limit of 1.91 nm, as well as high selectivity that, under ideal conditions, distinguishes non-complementary DNA from perfectly matched tDNA. By eliminating the need for DNA purification, this work paves the path for creating disposable biosensors capable of detecting DNA from raw sputum samples.
Ventricular arrhythmias originating from the basal septum of the ventricle: Clinical and electrophysiological characteristics and a systematic ablation approach
Authors: Shi Linsheng , Wang Cheng , Chen Hongwu , Yang Gang , Gu Kai , Li Mingfang , Chu Ming , Liu Hailei , Wang Zidun , Ju Weizhu , Chen Minglong 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThere is a paucity of data about VAs clustered at the vicinity of the basal septum of the ventricle. We aimed to report and characterize the clinical and electrophysiological features of basal septum VAs and explore the systematic ablation approach.MethodsA consecutive series of 51 patients who had their VAs successfully ablated at the basal septum of the ventricle was enrolled in this study. The basal septum was defined as the area 2 cm away from the septal annulus, the upper boundary was the site of the left or right His-Purkinje system, and the lower boundary was the borderline that separated away from the septum. RFCA was performed based on detailed activation mapping or pace mapping. Patients who underwent VA ablation from other areas of the tricuspid annulus (TA) and mitral annulus (MA) during the same period were enrolled as the control group.ResultsThe patients with basal septum VAs were significantly older (p &lt; 0.01) and had more comorbidities (hypertension and coronary artery disease) (p &lt; 0.01). Meanwhile, the precordial R wave transition was significantly different in right side, left side and intramural foci group (p &lt; 0.001). Acute procedural success was achieved in 44 patients (86.3%) in the study group and in 63 patients (95.5%) in the control group. After a median of 12 (6–36) months of follow-up, compared with VA recurrence in the control group (2 cases), 11 patients with basal septum VAs had recurrences (p = 0.002), while a delayed cure was observed in 3 in intramural foci group.ConclusionBased on the unique anatomical and electrophysiological characteristics, a systematic approach for VAs originating from the basal septal area is warranted. Moreover, the follow-up data seemed to show a relative high recurrence rate for basal septal VAs during a period of time.
Factors associated with the progression of mesangial lesions in IgA nephropathy: A comparative analysis of renal re-biopsies
Authors: Li Yetong , Jiang Shimin , Gao Hongmei , Yang Yue , Liu Xiaorong , Li Wenge 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesIgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerular disease, and is the leading cause of chronic renal failure. Because mesangial lesions are the main pathological changes seen in IgAN, we investigated factors associated with the progression of mesangial lesions in IgAN.MethodsWe enrolled participants with IgAN who underwent repeat renal biopsies. Based on the progression of mesangial proliferative lesions, the participants were divided into progressive and stable groups. The progression group included participants with a ratio of mesangial cell proliferation score ≥ 1.1 (i.e., proliferation of &gt; 10%) in the second biopsy specimen compared to the first biopsy specimen. The stable group included participants who did not fulfill the aforementioned criteria. We recorded the laboratory parameters, expression of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) receptors (angiotensin II type 1 receptor [AT1R], angiotensin II type 2 receptor [AT2R], Mas receptor [MasR], and the Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor, member D [MrgD]) and mesangial matrix proteins (collagen [Col] IV, fibronectin [FN] and laminin) at the first and second renal biopsies, and the use of immunosuppressive therapy and/or RAS blockers after the first biopsy.ResultsWe enrolled 24 patients with IgAN who underwent repeat renal biopsies. Half of patients showed progression of mesangial lesions on repeat renal biopsy after a median of 4.3 (1–6) years. The progression group had significantly higher expression levels of AT1R and mesangial matrix proteins (Col IV and FN), and significantly lower expression of AT2R and MasR, compared to the stable group. Multivariate analysis showed that the use of RAS blockers (hazard ratio [HR], 0.27; 95% CI, 0.08–0.97; p &lt; 0.05) and the level of proteinuria (HR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.04–3.12; p &lt; 0.05) were associated with progression of mesangial lesions. Additionally, the progression group exhibited a more rapid decline of renal function compared to the stable group (0.38 and 0.012 ml/min/1.73 m2/month, respectively; p = 0.004).ConclusionsContinuous activation of the intrarenal RAS and massive proteinuria correlate with histological progression of mesangial lesions in IgAN patients, which may further accelerate the deterioration of renal function.
Cross-continental collaboration for understanding postpartum major depression with psychotic features
Authors: Kimmel Mary , Thippeswamy Harish , Kamperman Astrid , Madhuri H. N. , Putnam Karen , Schiller Crystal , Weinel Katie , Rackers Hannah , Gilden Janneke , Bergink Veerle , Meltzer-Brody Samantha , Chandra Prabha 
Published: November 2022

PurposeAssess postpartum depression and psychotic symptoms from three continents.MethodsCompare numbers of women with depression and psychotic symptoms, mania with or without psychotic features, or transient non-affective psychosis and medication choice.ResultsThe prevalence of postpartum depression and psychosis and treatment choice differed at each site.ConclusionsBest treatment for postpartum depression with psychotic features has not been established yet. Cross-continental collaboration with similar assessments holds promise to develop best practices for these high risk mother-infant dyads.
Construction of nucleus-directed fluorescent reporter systems and its application to verification of heterokaryon formation in Morchella importuna
Authors: Zhang Qianqian , Shu Fang , Chen Xin , Liu Wei , Bian Yinbing , Kang Heng 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionMorchella importuna (M. importuna) is a rare fungus with high nutrition value and distinct flavor. Despite the successful artificial cultivation, its genetic characteristics and biological processes such as life cycle, reproductive system, and trophic mode remain poorly understood.MethodsConsidering this, we constructed pEH2B and pMH2B vectors by fusing M. importuna endogenous histone protein H2B with fluorescent proteins eGFP or mCherry, respectively. Based on the constructed pEH2B and pMH2B vectors, nuclear fluorescence localization was performed via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT). These two vectors were both driven by two endogenous promoters glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) and ubiquitin (UBI). The vector-based reporter systems were tested by the paired culture of two genetically modified strains pEH2B-labeled M04M24 (24e, MAT1-1-1) and pMH2B-abeled M04M26 (26m, MAT1-2-1).ResultsThe fluorescence observation and molecular identification results indicated the successful hyphal fusion and heterokaryon formation. We found that the expression of the reporter genes was stable, and it did not interfere with the growth of the fungus.DiscussionOur constructed nucleus-directed fluorescent systems in M. importuna can be used for monitoring the dynamic development and reproductive processes in living cells and also for monitoring the interaction between morels and plant roots. Therefore, morels exhibit the potential to be a candidate organism used for the research on basic biology and genetics of ascomycetes.
Risk of fracture following gastric surgery for benign and malignant conditions: A study level pooled analysis of population-based cohort studies
Authors: Zou Qiuping , Wei Chao , Shao Zhuo , Wang Hao , Xiao Zhihong , Cao Lixing , Mei Zubing , Zhao Wei , Jiang Zhi , Chen Zhiqiang 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundMetabolic changes may occur following gastric surgery, which has been reported to contribute to bone loss, osteoporosis and even bone fracture. However, the evidence regarding the relationship between gastric surgery for benign and malignant conditions and risk of fracture is controversial. This study was conducted with the aim to evaluate whether gastric surgery is associated with a high risk of fracture.MethodsMajor electronic databases were searched from inception through October 2021 for population-based cohort studies investigating the associations between gastric surgery (including bariatric gastric surgeries and surgeries for gastric benign and malignant gastric tumors) and risk of fracture compared with controls. Pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived using the random-effects Mantel–Haenszel model. Multiple subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were carried out to test sources of heterogeneity stratified by various study characteristics and the robustness of the results.ResultsA total of 14 studies comprising 693134 individuals were identified for analysis. The RR for the risk of fracture in people undergoing gastric surgery was 1.45 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.23 - 1.72; I2 = 95.8%; P &lt; 0.001] compared with that in control populations, among which the fracture sites of upper limb, spine, lower limb, pelvis and hip showed consistent significant results (all P &lt; 0.05), whereas nonsignificant associations was noted for other fracture sites. Significant associations were also observed for patients having total or subtotal gastrectomy (RR 2.22, 95% CI 1.66 to 3.00), gastric bypass (RR 1.48, 95% CI 1.26 to 1.74), and a similar trend was observed for preserved passage procedures (including sleeve gastrectomy, gastric banding, vertical banded gastroplasty and other procedures that preserved the passage through the duodenum and proximal small bowel, in contrast to gastric bypass), though the difference did not reach statistically significant (RR 1.10, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.26). An evident increased risk in the age range from 40-59 years was observed (40-49 years: RR 1.36, 95% CI 1.19-1.55; 50-59 years: RR 2.48, 95% CI 1.58-3.90).ConclusionFrom this large pooled analysis of population-based cohort studies, evidence supports that fracture risk is increased in gastric surgery survivors compared with the control population. Early prevention and effective intervention strategies of bone fracture should be taken from clinicians and health policy makers.Clinical Trial RegistrationPROSPERO (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=291394), identifier CRD42021291394
Liquid metal injected from interstitial channels for inhibiting subcutaneous hepatoma growth and improving MRI/MAT image contrast
Authors: Lu Chaosen , Yang Aocai , Xia Fei , Liu Guoqiang , Zhao Hongliang , Zhang Wenwei , Li Yuanyuan , Liu Jian , Ma Guolin , Xia Hui 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveLiquid metal (LM) nowadays is considered a new biomedical material for medical treatment. The most common application of LM in medical therapy is taking LM as a carrier for oncology therapeutics. However, the feasibility and direct effect of LM in tumor treatment are still unknown, and how to delineate the negative resection margin (NRM) of the tumor is also a crucial problem in surgery. We aimed to inject LM into interstitial channels of extremities of mice to overlay the surface of the primary tumor to investigate the effect of LM on inhibiting tumor growth and highlight the NRM of the tumor.MethodsIn this study, all 50 BALB/c-nude female mice were used to construct the transplanted HepG2-type hepatocellular carcinoma model. One week after the establishment of the model, the mice were divided into three groups, named LM group, PBS group and Control group by injecting different liquid materials into the forelimb interstitial channel of the mice. T2WI image on MRI and Magneto-acoustic tomography (MAT) were used to show the distribution of LM and PBS in vivo. The group comparisons of tumor growth and blood tests were evaluated by one-way ANOVA and post-hoc analysis. And the biocompatibility of LM to BALB/c nude mice was evaluated by histopathological analysis of LM group and control group.ResultsThe volume change ratio of tumor was significantly lower in LM group than in PBS and Control group after 10 days of grouping. Compared with PBS and Control group, the main indexes of blood tests in LM group were significantly lower and close to normal level. In addition, the distribution of LM in vivo could be clearly observed under T2WI anatomic images and the crossprofile of the tumor in MAT. LM also has a obvious contrast in MRI T2WI and enhanced the amplitude of imaging signal in MAT.ConclusionLM may inhibit the growth of transplanted hepatoma tumor through tumor encapsulation. In vivo, tumor imaging and LM distribution imaging were achieved by MRI T2WI, which verified that LM injected with interstitial injection made the NRM of tumor more prominent and had the potential of being MRI contrast agent. At the same time, LM could also be a new conductive medium to improve the imaging quality of MAT. Moreover, LM performed mild biocompatibility.
Evaluation of the peritumoral features using radiomics and deep learning technology in non-spiculated and noncalcified masses of the breast on mammography
Authors: Guo Fei , Li Qiyang , Gao Fei , Huang Chencui , Zhang Fandong , Xu Jingxu , Xu Ye , Li Yuanzhou , Sun Jianghong , Jiang Li 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveTo assess the significance of peritumoral features based on deep learning in classifying non-spiculated and noncalcified masses (NSNCM) on mammography.MethodsWe retrospectively screened the digital mammography data of 2254 patients who underwent surgery for breast lesions in Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital from January to December 2018. Deep learning and radiomics models were constructed. The classification efficacy in ROI and patient levels of AUC, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were compared. Stratified analysis was conducted to analyze the influence of primary factors on the AUC of the deep learning model. The image filter and CAM were used to visualize the radiomics and depth features.ResultsFor 1298 included patients, 771 (59.4%) were benign, and 527 (40.6%) were malignant. The best model was the deep learning combined model (2 mm), in which the AUC was 0.884 (P &lt; 0.05); especially the AUC of breast composition B reached 0.941. All the deep learning models were superior to the radiomics models (P &lt; 0.05), and the class activation map (CAM) showed a high expression of signals around the tumor of the deep learning model. The deep learning model achieved higher AUC for large size, age &gt;60 years, and breast composition type B (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionCombining the tumoral and peritumoral features resulted in better identification of malignant NSNCM on mammography, and the performance of the deep learning model exceeded the radiomics model. Age, tumor size, and the breast composition type are essential for diagnosis.
Correlative factors of ocular surface lesions after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A retrospective study
Authors: Zhuang Xin-Yu , Sun Zheng-Tai , Xu Yue , Ren Ya-Ru , Chen Ying-Jie , Chen Feng , Ma Xiao , Tang Xiao-Wen , Zhang Xiao-Feng 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundOcular graft-versus-host disease (oGVHD) is one of the complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), which impairs the quality of life and may indicate poor prognosis. In this retrospective study, the aim was to investigate the characteristics of ocular surface after HSCT, and analyze the risk factors related to the severity of ocular surface lesions.Methods248 post-HSCT patients were enrolled in this retrospective study. Subjects were divided into no lesion group, mild lesion group and severe lesion group, according to the severity of ocular surface lesions. The correlations between grades of ocular surface lesions and gender, age, primary disease, donor source, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) type, kinship, donor-recipient relationship, blood type, source of stem cell and systemic GVHD were analyzed.ResultsThe median scores of corneal epitheliopathy, lid margin lesions and meibomian gland loss were 3, 6 and 2 points, respectively. The grade of corneal epitheliopathy was related to donor source (P&lt;0.001), kinship (P=0.033), HLA-matching (P&lt;0.001), and systemic GVHD (P=0.007), especially oral GVHD (P&lt;0.001) and liver GVHD (P=0.002). The grade of lid margin lesions was related to donor source (P=0.019), HLA-matching (P=0.006), and systemic GVHD (P=0.013), especially skin GVHD (P=0.019) and oral GVHD (P=0.019). The grade of meibomian gland loss was related to age (P=0.035) and gastrointestinal GVHD (P=0.007). The grade of corneal epitheliopathy after HSCT was related to the lid margin lesion score (P&lt;0.001).ConclusionsThe occurrence and development of ocular GVHD are mostly accompanied by the history of systemic GVHD. While in few cases, ocular surface lesions related to GVHD can be observed prior to the rejection of other tissues and organs. Severe corneal epitheliopathy occurs in patients with severe lid margin lesions in ocular GVHD. The lesions of corneal epithelium and lid margin are milder in HLA partially matching transplantation.
Malignant hypercalcemia as the debut of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a pediatric patient—a diagnostic and therapeutic approach: Case report
Authors: Bonilla Gonzalez Carolina , Vargas Muñoz Sarha M. , Contreras Diaz María Luisa , Obando Belalcazar Evelyn , Uribe Camila 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundHypercalcemia is a rare metabolic disorder in the pediatric population, with several differential diagnoses that resemble hematologic malignancies. In cases of severe hypercalcemia, therapeutic strategies other than hyperhydration, such as the use of bisphosphonates, have been described.Case presentationWe present the case of a previously healthy 12-year-old boy who was admitted to the emergency department due to fatigue, hypo-responsiveness, and progressively worsening poor appetite for the previous 19 days. Initial laboratory tests revealed severe hypercalcemia (total calcium: 19 mg/dl), hyperphosphatemia, elevated creatinine, and hyperuricemia. Management with hyperhydration and xanthine oxidase inhibitor (allopurinol) was provided. The patient was transferred to the pediatric intensive care unit where treatment with furosemide, systemic corticosteroid, and zoledronic acid was started. Metabolic, infectious, renal, and endocrinological causes were excluded. Follow-up paraclinical studies showed a progressive hematologic involvement with heterogeneous hypochromic microcytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated lactic dehydrogenase. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy were performed, which confirmed the diagnosis of B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Hypercalcemia was resolved 72 h after the application of bisphosphonates.ConclusionHypercalcemia as an oncological metabolic emergency in the onset of acute lymphoblastic leukemia is uncommon in children. The use of intravenous bisphosphonates is an effective therapy in the early resolution of the condition. We present the case of a 12-year-old patient with malignant hypercalcemia who responded favorably to the use of a single dose of bisphosphonates.
Teacher violence from the perspectives of teachers and students and related factors: A survey in Southern Iran
Authors: Ardestani Zahra Foghara , Saber Maryam , Dehghan Mahlagha , Iranpour Abedin , Baniasadi Hamideh 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionTeacher violence is defined as the intentional use of power by teachers against students in a variety of ways, including physical, verbal, psychological, and sexual assault. Victims of school violence are more anxious and insecure than other students. An in-depth and comprehensive study on the prevention of violence in schools is urgent and necessary. We conducted this study to determine teacher violence from the perspectives of schoolteachers and students and related factors.MethodsWe conducted this descriptive-analytical study on 313 teachers and 400 students in Ardestan, southern Iran, in 2019. We selected teachers and students using a census method and stratified random sampling, respectively. The research instrument was the school violence questionnaire.ResultsFrom the perspective of teachers, the mean score of teacher violence (5.7) was significantly lower than that of students (18.3). Male, young, single teachers with diploma and less work experience had significantly higher violence scores than other teachers (P &lt; 0.001). We witnessed this trend in public boys’ schools as well (p &lt; 0.001). The total mean score for teacher violence was not significantly different between male and female students. From the perspective of students, the mean score of teacher violence was significantly different (P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionOur results suggest that education authorities and school principals should supervise public school teachers with less education, younger students, and boys’ schools and provide practical training to improve the communication and emotional skills among these teachers.