bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resilience of native ant community against invasion of exotic ants after anthropogenic disturbances of forest habitats
Authors: Shimoji Hiroyuki , Suwabe Mayuko , Kikuchi Tomonori , Ohnishi Hitoshi , Tanaka Hirotaka , Kawara Kengo , Hidaka Yusuke , Enoki Tsutomu , Tsuji Kazuki 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe positive association between disturbances and biological invasions is a widely observed ecological pattern in the Anthropocene. Such patterns have been hypothesized to be driven by the superior competitive ability of invaders or by modified environments, as well as by the interaction of these factors. An experimental study that tests these hypotheses is usually less feasible, especially in protected nature areas. An alternative approach is to focus on community resilience over time after the anthropogenic disturbance of habitats. Here, we focused on ant communities within a forest to examine their responses after disturbance over time. We selected the Yanbaru region of northern Okinawa Island, which is a biodiversity hotspot in East Asia. We compared ant communities among roadside environments in forests where the road age differed from 5 to 25 years. We also monitored the ant communities before and after disturbance from forest thinning. We found that the species richness and abundance of exotic ants were higher in recently disturbed environments (roadsides of 5–15 years old roads), where the physical environment was warmer and drier. In contrast, the roadsides of 25‐year‐old roads indicated the potential recovery of the physical environment with cooler and moister conditions, likely owing to regrowth of roadside vegetation. At these sites, there were few exotic ants, except for those immediately adjacent to the road. The population density of the invasive species Technoymex brunneus substantially increased 1–2 years after forest thinning. There was no evidence of the exclusion of native ants by exotic ants that were recorded after disturbance. Our results suggest that local ant communities in the Yanbaru forests have some resilience to disturbance. We suggest that restoration of environmental components is a better strategy for maintaining native ant communities, rather than removing exotic ants after anthropogenic disturbance.
Predation on sentinel prey increases with increasing latitude in Brassica‐dominated agroecosystems
Authors: Gray Hannah L. , Farias Juliano R. , Venzon Madelaine , Torres Jorge Braz , Souza Lucas Machado , Aita Rafael Carlesso , Andow David A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn natural ecosystems, arthropod predation on herbivore prey is higher at lower latitudes, mirroring the latitudinal diversity gradient observed across many taxa. This pattern has not been systematically examined in human‐dominated ecosystems, where frequent disturbances can shift the identity and abundance of local predators, altering predation rates from those observed in natural ecosystems. We investigated how latitude, biogeographical, and local ecological factors influenced arthropod predation in Brassica oleracea‐dominated agroecosystems in 55 plots spread among 5 sites in the United States and 4 sites in Brazil, spanning at least 15° latitude in each country. In both the United States and Brazil, arthropod predator attacks on sentinel model caterpillar prey were highest at the highest latitude studied and declined at lower latitudes. The rate of increased arthropod attacks per degree latitude was higher in the United States and the overall gradient was shifted poleward as compared to Brazil. PiecewiseSEM analysis revealed that aridity mediates the effect of latitude on arthropod predation and largely explains the differences in the intensity of the latitudinal gradient between study countries. Neither predator richness, predator density, nor predator resource availability predicted variation in predator attack rates. Only greater non‐crop plant density drove greater predation rates, though this effect was weaker than the effect of aridity. We conclude that climatic factors rather than ecological community structure shape latitudinal arthropod predation patterns and that high levels of aridity in agroecosystems may dampen the ability of arthropod predators to provide herbivore control services as compared to natural ecosystems.
Can size distributions of European lake fish communities be predicted by trophic positions of their fish species?
Authors: van Dorst Renee M. , Argillier Christine , Brucet Sandra , Holmgren Kerstin , Volta Pietro , Winfield Ian J. , Mehner Thomas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAn organism's body size plays an important role in ecological interactions such as predator–prey relationships. As predators are typically larger than their prey, this often leads to a strong positive relationship between body size and trophic position in aquatic ecosystems. The distribution of body sizes in a community can thus be an indicator of the strengths of predator–prey interactions. The aim of this study was to gain more insight into the relationship between fish body size distribution and trophic position in a wide range of European lakes. We used quantile regression to examine the relationship between fish species' trophic position and their log‐transformed maximum body mass for 48 fish species found in 235 European lakes. Subsequently, we examined whether the slopes of the continuous community size distributions, estimated by maximum likelihood, were predicted by trophic position, predator–prey mass ratio (PPMR), or abundance (number per unit effort) of fish communities in these lakes. We found a positive linear relationship between species' maximum body mass and average trophic position in fishes only for the 75% quantile, contrasting our expectation that species' trophic position systematically increases with maximum body mass for fish species in European lakes. Consequently, the size spectrum slope was not related to the average community trophic position, but there were negative effects of community PPMR and total fish abundance on the size spectrum slope. We conclude that predator–prey interactions likely do not contribute strongly to shaping community size distributions in these lakes.
Fire decreases soil enzyme activities and reorganizes microbially mediated nutrient cycles: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhou Yong , Biro Arielle , Wong Michelle Y. , Batterman Sarah A. , Staver A. Carla 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe biogeochemical signature of fire shapes the functioning of many ecosystems. Fire changes nutrient cycles not only by volatilizing plant material, but also by altering organic matter decomposition, a process regulated by soil extracellular enzyme activities (EEAs). However, our understanding of fire effects on EEAs and their feedbacks to nutrient cycles is incomplete. We conducted a meta‐analysis with 301 field studies and found that fire significantly decreased EEAs by ~20%–40%. Fire decreased EEAs by reducing soil microbial biomass and organic matter substrates. Soil nitrogen‐acquiring EEA declined alongside decreasing available nitrogen, likely from fire‐driven volatilization of nitrogen and decreased microbial activity. Fire decreased soil phosphorus‐acquiring EEA but increased available phosphorus, likely from pyro‐mineralization of organic phosphorus. These findings suggest that fire suppresses soil microbes and consumes their substrates, thereby slowing microbially mediated nutrient cycles (especially phosphorus) via decreased EEAs. These changes can become increasingly important as fire frequency and severity in many ecosystems continue to shift in response to global change.
A set of time‐series classification datasets based on the average price of concrete in major Chinese cities
Authors: Liu Qing , Huang Minghao , Lee Woon‐Seek , Du Yamin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTime series classification (TSC) is an important and challenging problem in data mining. Time series data sets are an important basis for this research and are widely used in baseline verification of various algorithm models. Aiming at the problem that there are few domestic data sets and the current TSC data set is relatively old, a new set of time‐series classification datasets are established based on the average price data of concrete in major cities in China, which provides new data support for the research of TSC algorithm. We made use of the data center of Oriental Fortune to disclose the sample data of the average price of concrete from October 23, 2013 to January 20, 2021, created 1093 autoregression‐based series data sets by using sliding windows of different lengths, and then through the experimental verification of linear regression model, decision tree model, and random forest model, a set of data sets with lengths of 170, 842, and 1052 were selected. We use three convolutional neural network (CNN) models and three long short‐term memory (LSTM) network models to verify the validity of the data, the CNN's obtained the best accuracy rate of 93.20%, and the LSTM networks obtained the best accuracy rate of 92.99%. The establishment of the new data set has certain significance for the research of TSC and provides some references for other researchers to create datasets. The datasets are freely available at
https://gitee.com/lq2012/tsc‐dataset.
Transcriptomic and Histological Analysis of the Greentail Prawn (Metapenaeus bennettae) Following Light Crude Oil Exposure
Authors: Armstrong Emily K. , Mondon Julie , Miller Adam D. , Revill Andrew T. , Stephenson Sarah A. , Tan Mun Hua , Greenfield Paul , Tromp Jared J. , Corbett Patricia , Hook Sharon E. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Oil spills pose a significant threat to marine biodiversity. Crude oil can partition into sediments where it may be persistent, placing benthic species such as decapods at particular risk of exposure. Transcriptomic and histological tools are often used to investigate the effects of hydrocarbon exposure on marine organisms following oil spill events, allowing for the identification of metabolic pathways impacted by oil exposure. However, there is limited information available for decapod crustaceans, many of which carry significant economic value. In the present study, we assess the sublethal impacts of crude oil exposure in the commercially important Australian greentail prawn (Metapenaeus bennettae) using transcriptomic and histological analyses. Prawns exposed to light, unweathered crude oil “spiked” sediments for 90 h were transferred to clean sediments for a further 72 h to assess recovery. Chemical analyses indicated that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons increased by approximately 65% and 91% in prawn muscle following 24 and 90 h of exposure, respectively, and significantly decreased during 24- and 72-h recovery periods. Transcriptomic responses followed an exposure and recovery pattern with innate immunity and nutrient metabolism transcripts significantly lowered in abundance after 24 h of exposure and were higher in abundance after 72 h of recovery. In addition, transcription/translation, cellular responses, and DNA repair pathways were significantly impacted after 24 h of exposure and recovered after 72 h of recovery. However, histological alterations such as tubule atrophy indicated an increase in severity after 24 and 72 h of recovery. The present study provides new insights into the sublethal impacts of crude oil exposure in greentail prawns and identifies molecular pathways altered by exposure. We expect these findings to inform future management associated with oil extraction activity and spills. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2162–2180. © 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
Predicting Metal Bioavailability and Risk of Toxicity in Nigerian Surface Waters: Are the Existing User-Friendly Bioavailability Tools Applicable?
Authors: Bawa-Allah Kafilat Adebola , Bulama Hauwa , Hamzat Shareef Akinade , Moiett Demilade Moses 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In the present study, we assessed the use of existing user-friendly bioavailability tools to predict metal bioavailability and the risk of toxicity in a typical Nigerian surface water. The effect of prevailing water chemistry on toxicity of metals was also assessed in laboratory studies. Surface water samples were collected at four locations downstream in the Ogun River in Lagos State, and water chemistry analysis was carried out using standard methods. Relevant parameters were inputted into the Bio-Met software and Metal Bioavailability Assessment Tool (M-Bat), which are run on a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, to obtain the site-specific hazardous concentrations affecting 5% of the population (HC5)/predicted-no-effect concentrations (PNECs) for selected metals and risk characterization ratios (RCRs) at locations downstream in the river. Assessments using the bioavailability tools showed that two locations, Owode-Onirin and Kara, were more sensitive to Zn and Pb inputs compared to the other locations. The RCRs for Cu, Zn, and Pb, respectively, were &gt;1 at all locations, indicating a potential risk of toxicity to aquatic life. Results from laboratory studies conformed with predictions from the bioavailability tools because Zn and Pb were more toxic to aquatic organisms in surface water collected from Owode-Onirin and Kara locations, respectively, compared to toxicity in surface water from other locations. The issue of bioavailability in metal pollution control is widely accepted and has been incorporated into water quality guidelines (WQGs) in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Europe. In the absence of regulations incorporating bioavailability in developing countries including Nigeria, it is essential to assess the applicability of existing methods incorporating bioavailability to surface waters in this region. Findings from such studies will facilitate the development of region-specific WQGs for metals which will be protective of locally relevant aquatic life. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2537–2547. © 2022 SETAC
Results of Ring-Testing of a Semifield Study Design to Investigate Potential Impacts of Crop Protection Products on Bumblebees (Hymenoptera, Apidae) and a Proposal of a Potential Test Design
Authors: Klein Olaf , Roessink Ivo , Elston Charlotte , Franke Lea , Jütte Tobias , Knäbe Silvio , Lückmann Johannes , van der Steen Jozef , Allan Matthew J. , Alscher Annika , Amsel Kristin , Cornement Magdaléna , Exeler Nina , Guerola Juan Sorlí , Hodapp Bettina , Jenkins Carole , Kimmel Stefan , Tänzler Verena 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In Europe, the risk assessment for bees at the European Union or national level has always focussed on potential impacts on honeybees. During the revision of the European Food Safety Authority bee guidance it was explicitly stated that bumblebees and solitary bees should be considered as well and consequently concerns were raised regarding the representativeness of honeybees for these other bee species. These concerns originate from differences in size as well as differences in behavioral and life history traits of other bee species. In response to this concern, the non-Apis working group of the International Commission for Plant-Pollinator Relationships initiated a ring-test of a semifield tunnel study design using the bumblebee Bombus terrestris. Nine laboratories participated, validating and improving the proposed design over a 2-year period. The intention of the ring-test experiments was to develop and if possible, establish a test protocol to conduct more standardized semifield tests with bumblebees. In the present study, the results of the ring-tests are summarized and discussed to give recommendations for a promising experimental design. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2548–2564. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Abstract
For ecotoxicological testing of crop protection products a test design was developed and ring-tested by the non-Apis working group of the International Commission for Plant–Pollinator Relationships to conduct semifield tunnel tests with the bumblebee species Bombus terrestris (Linnaeus, 1758).
Bruchbedingungen für schauminjizierte Kiese unter mehraxialer Beanspruchung
Authors: Jessen Johannes , Cudmani Roberto , Fillibeck Jochen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSchauminjektionen stellen ein innovatives Verfahren zur Verbesserung der mechanischen Eigenschaften von kohäsionslosen, grobkörnigen Böden dar. Ungeachtet dessen liegen bisher nur wenige experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Beurteilung des Versagens schauminjizierter Böden unter mehraxialer Belastung vor. Dieser Beitrag zielt darauf ab, diese Wissenslücke zu schließen. Die Steifigkeit und Festigkeit des natürlichen Bodens, welche als Referenzgrößen zur Bewertung des Verbesserungseffekts infolge der Injektion dienen, werden aus drainierten Triaxialversuchen abgeleitet. Das mechanische Verhalten des schauminjizierten Bodens wird mittels Einaxial‐, Triaxial‐ und Spaltzugversuchen untersucht. Der schauminjizierte Boden weist eine signifikant höhere Festigkeit und Steifigkeit, aber geringere Duktilität als der unbehandelte Boden auf. Die Duktilität des schauminjizierten Bodens nimmt mit steigender Seitendruckspannung zu. Die Spaltzugfestigkeit umfasst nur einen Bruchteil der Druckfestigkeit. Die Eignung der Bruchbedingungen Mohr‐Coulomb, Hoek‐Brown und Lade zur Beschreibung des Versagens von schauminjizierten grobkörnigen Böden wird überprüft. Die drei Bruchbedingungen eignen sich grundsätzlich, um den Bruchzustand bei triaxialer Kompression zu beschreiben. Für Druck‐ und Zugbeanspruchung erscheinen die Bruchbedingungen nach Hoek‐Brown und Lade besser geeignet als Mohr‐Coulomb.
On predictability of individual functional connectivity networks from clinical characteristics
Authors: Morris Emily L. , Taylor Stephan F. , Kang Jian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn recent years, understanding functional brain connectivity has become increasingly important as a scientific tool with potential clinical implications. Statistical methods, such as graphical models and network analysis, have been adopted to construct functional connectivity networks for single subjects. Here we focus on studying the association between functional connectivity networks and clinical characteristics such as psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses. Utilizing machine learning algorithms, we propose a method to examine predictability of functional connectivity networks from clinical characteristics. Our methods can identify salient clinical characteristics predictive of the whole brain network or specific subnetworks. We illustrate our methods on the analysis of fMRI data in the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort study, demonstrating clinically meaningful results.
The lasting consequences of childhood sexual abuse on human capital and economic well‐being
Authors: Henkhaus Laura E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractChildhood sexual abuse is a prevalent problem, yet understanding of later‐in‐life outcomes is limited due to unobservable determinants. I examine impacts on human capital and economic well‐being by estimating likely ranges around causal effects, using a nationally representative U.S. sample. Findings suggest that childhood sexual abuse leads to lower educational attainment and worse labor market outcomes. Results are robust to partial identification methods applying varying assumptions about unobservable confounding, using information on confounding from observables including other types of child abuse. I show that associations between childhood sexual abuse and education outcomes and earnings are at least as large for males as for females. Childhood sexual abuse by someone other than a caregiver is as influential or more so than caregiver sexual abuse in predicting worse outcomes. Considering the societal burden of childhood sexual abuse, findings could inform policy and resource allocation decisions for development and implementation of best practices for prevention and support.
Durable response in a patient with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis treated with immune checkpoint blockade
Authors: Bai Ke , Norberg Scott M. , Sievers Cem , Meyer Tanya , Friedman Jay , Hinrichs Christian , Allen Clint T. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundImmune checkpoint blockade can provide clinical benefit for patients with advanced cancer. Here, we report durable disease control over many years following PD‐L1 blockade through induction of a viral antigen‐specific T cell response in an adult patient with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.MethodsAntigen‐specific T cell response assays, single cell RNA‐sequencing, and RNA‐scope was used to study clinical tissues.ResultsAn HPV6 E2‐specific T cell clone restricted to HLA‐B*55, present at low frequency in the pre‐treatment papilloma, significantly expanded after six doses of PD‐L1 blockade and remained present and functional at the site of initial response in the larynx as a tissue resident memory T cell for 4 years. An associated reduction in E2 target gene was observed following treatment.ConclusionsAlthough demonstrated in a single exceptional responder, these results highlight that immune checkpoint blockade may induce durable, viral antigen‐specific immunity of sufficient magnitude to control disease in patients with nonmalignant disorders.
Machine Learning–Derived Acetabular Dysplasia and Cam Morphology Are Features of Severe Hip Osteoarthritis: Findings From UK Biobank
Authors: Frysz Monika , Faber Benjamin G , Ebsim Raja , Saunders Fiona R , Lindner Claudia , Gregory Jennifer S , Aspden Richard M , Harvey Nicholas C , Cootes Tim , Tobias Jon H 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
The contribution of shape changes to hip osteoarthritis (HOA) remains unclear, as is the extent to which these vary according to HOA severity. In the present study, we used statistical shape modeling (SSM) to evaluate relationships between hip shape and HOA of different severities using UK Biobank DXA images. We performed a cross-sectional study in individuals with left hip dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans. Statistical shape modeling (SSM) was used to quantify hip shape. Radiographic HOA (rHOA) was classified using osteophyte size and number and joint space narrowing. HOA outcomes ranged in severity from moderate (grade 2) to severe (grade ≥3) rHOA, hospital-diagnosed HOA, and subsequent total hip replacement (THR). Confounder-adjusted logistic regression between the top 10 hip shape modes (HSMs) and OA outcomes was performed. Further models adjusted for alpha angle (AA) and lateral center-edge angle (LCEA), reflecting acetabular dysplasia and cam morphology, respectively. Composite HSM figures were produced combining HSMs associated with separate OA outcomes. A total of 40,311 individuals were included (mean 63.7 years, 47.8% male), of whom 5.7% had grade 2 rHOA, 1.7% grade ≥3 rHOA, 1.3% hospital-diagnosed HOA, and 0.6% underwent THR. Composite HSM figures for grade 2 rHOA revealed femoral neck widening, increased acetabular coverage, and enlarged lesser and greater trochanters. In contrast, grade ≥3 rHOA, hospital-diagnosed HOA, and THR were suggestive of cam morphology and reduced acetabular coverage. Associations between HSMs depicting cam morphology and reduced acetabular coverage and more severe HOA were attenuated by AA and LCEA adjustment, respectively. Relationships between hip shape and HOA differed according to severity. Notably, cam morphology and acetabular dysplasia were features of severe HOA, but unrelated to moderate disease, suggesting possible prognostic utility. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).