bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flow and Wake Length Downstream of Live Submerged Vegetation Patches: How Do Different Species and Patch Configurations Create Sheltering in Stressful Habitats?
Authors: Cornacchia Loreta , Riviere Nicolas , Soundar Jerome J. John , Doppler Delphine , Vallier Félix , Puijalon Sara 
Published: March 2022

AbstractVegetated canopies modify water conveyance and bed stabilization in aquatic ecosystems, providing shelter for other organisms. The sheltering effect downstream of a canopy is, however, rarely quantified for live vegetation, and it is unknown how this effect is influenced by vegetation patch configuration and characteristics. We measured the sheltering effect of different species and patch configurations by comparing the length of the steady wake region, defined in this study as (a) the zone where streamwise velocity is diminished to more than half of the incoming velocity (Lw1), and (b) the distance downstream of the patch where velocity begins to increase (Lw2). Then, we measured the drag experienced by a plant at different downstream locations as a measure of sheltering for plants growing in the steady wake. We found that Lw1 for channel‐spanning cases was longer than for finite‐width cases and extended to ≥2.5 patch lengths from the patch leading edge, while Lw2 for finite‐width patches was related to the smallest dimension between canopy half‐width and height. Species effects were consistent across definitions: the species with the longest wake lengths was G. densa, followed by C. platycarpa and V. spiralis, which showed similar wake lengths for finite‐width cases. Drag reduction was related to downstream flow modification for finite‐width patches, but not for channel‐spanning ones. The results of this study indicate that patterns of hydrodynamic sheltering behind live patches can be complex and difficult to predict based only on patch dimensions, especially due to covariation between patch characteristics in real vegetation.
A Semi‐Analytical Solution for Slug Test by Considering Near‐Well Formation Damage and Nonlinear Flow
Authors: Lin Ying‐Fan , Yeh Hund‐Der 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study proposes a new analytical slug test model describing confined flow considering the effects of the formation damage and non‐Darcy flow near the wellbore. The former, primarily caused by drilling fluid invasion, introduces an extra wellbore head loss near the well screen. The latter, mainly resulting from the relatively high‐velocity flow across the gravel‐pack screen, adopts the Forchheimer equation to consider the joint effects of the laminar flow and non‐Darcy flow. The proposed model is nonlinear due to the quadratic term for non‐Darcy flow in the Forchheimer equation. The new solutions for head responses in the well and formation are derived using the Laplace transform method and integration by parts formula. Furthermore, the present solution is applied to estimate the aquifer parameters via analyzing the water level data from field slug tests conducted in the Minnelusa aquifer near Spearfish, South Dakota. We found that the present solution provides very good fit to the field data from tests in fractured aquifers, notably the data exhibits a rapid decline at late times on the normalized head vs. logarithmic time plots.
Preclinical studies of Flonoltinib Maleate, a novel JAK2/FLT3 inhibitor, in treatment of JAK2V617F-induced myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Hu Mengshi , Yang Tao , Yang Linyu , Niu Lu , Zhu Jinbing , Zhao Ailin , Shi Mingsong , Yuan Xue , Tang Minghai , Yang Jianhong , Pei Heying , Yang Zhuang , Chen Qiang , Ye Haoyu , Niu Ting , Chen Lijuan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractJanus kinase 2 (JAK2) hyperactivation by JAK2V617F mutation leads to myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) and targeting JAK2 could serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for MPNs. Here, we report that Flonoltinib Maleate (FM), a selective JAK2/FLT3 inhibitor, shows high selectivity for JAK2 over the JAK family. Surface plasmon resonance assays verified that FM had a stronger affinity for the pseudokinase domain JH2 than JH1 of JAK2 and had an inhibitory effect on JAK2 JH2V617F. The cocrystal structure confirmed that FM could stably bind to JAK2 JH2, and FM suppressed endogenous colony formation of primary erythroid progenitor cells from patients with MPNs. In several JAK2V617F-induced MPN murine models, FM could dose-dependently reduce hepatosplenomegaly and prolong survival. Similar results were observed in JAK2V617F bone marrow transplantation mice. FM exhibited strong inhibitory effects on fibrosis of the spleen and bone marrow. Long-term FM treatment showed good pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic characteristics with high drug exposure in tumor-bearing tissues and low toxicity. Currently, FM has been approved by the National Medical Products Administration of China (CXHL2000628), and this study will guide clinical trials for patients with MPNs.
Hypoxia-induced PVT1 promotes lung cancer chemoresistance to cisplatin by autophagy via PVT1/miR-140-3p/ATG5 axis
Authors: Wang Jiying , Dong Zhiyi , Sheng Zhaoying , Cai Yong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLung cancer is one of the most common and lethal malignant tumors and the cases increased rapidly. Elevated chemoresistance during chemotherapy resistance remains a challenge. Hypoxia is one of the components that lead to chemoresistance. PVT1 participates in various tumor drug resistance and is associated with hypoxia conditions. The present study aimed to analyze the regulatory relationship of hypoxia and PVT1 and the mechanism of PVT1 in the hypoxia-induced chemoresistance process of lung cancer. The expression of PVT1 in lung cancer and adjacent tissues, and cell lines were analyzed using the TCGA database and qPCR. The regulatory relationship between hypoxia and PVT1 was validated and analyzed with qPCR, luciferase reporter system, and CHIP-qPCR. The role of PVT1 in chemoresistance ability induced by hypoxia was analyzed with CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry. The roles of PVT1, hypoxia, and chemoresistance were also analyzed with LC3-GFP transfection, WB, and IHC. Finally, the results were further validated in xenograft models. PVT1 is highly expressed in lung cancer and cell lines, and the expression of PVT1 is regulated by HIF-1α, and the luciferase reporter assay and CHIP-qPCR analysis indicated that HIF-1α could bind to the promoter region of PVT1 and regulate PVT1 expression. PVT1 participated in hypoxia-induced chemoresistance and induced higher viability and lower apoptosis rate by the autophagy signaling pathway via PVT1/miR-140-3p/ATG5 axis. All the findings were validated in the xenograft models. In conclusion, these results suggest that the expression of PVT1 is regulated by HIF-1α and participates in hypoxia-induced chemoresistance.
LncRNA MEG3 up-regulates SIRT6 by ubiquitinating EZH2 and alleviates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Zou Dongmei , Liu Liang , Zeng Yinzhen , Wang Huanhuan , Dai Dongling , Xu Mingguo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global health threat. Here, we presented the significant role of a novel signaling axis comprising long non-coding RNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3), enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), and sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) in controlling lipid accumulation, inflammation, and the progression of NAFLD. Mice fed with high-fat diet (HFD) were established as in vitro and in vivo NAFLD models, respectively. Lipid accumulation was measured by oil red O staining and assays for triglycerides or cholesterol. Inflammation was examined by ELISA for pro-inflammatory cytokines. Gene expressions were examined by RT-qPCR or Western blot. Interactions between key signaling molecules were examined by combining expressional analysis, RNA immunoprecipitation, cycloheximide stability assay, co-immunoprecipitation, and chromatin immunoprecipitation. MEG3 level was reduced in FFA-challenged hepatocytes or liver from HFD-fed mice, and the reduction paralleled the severity of NAFLD in clinic. Overexpressing MEG3 suppressed FFA-induced lipid accumulation or inflammation in hepatocytes. By promoting the ubiquitination and degradation of EZH2, MEG3 upregulated SIRT6, an EZH2 target. SIRT6 essentially mediated the protective effects of MEG3 in hepatocytes. Consistently, overexpressing MEG3 alleviated HFD-induced NAFLD in vivo. By controlling the expressions of genes involved in lipid metabolism and inflammation, the MEG3/EZH2/SIRT6 axis significantly suppressed lipid accumulation and inflammation in vitro, and NAFLD development in vivo. Therefore, boosting MEG3 level may benefit the treatment of NAFLD.
Impact of a randomized weight loss trial on breast tissue markers in breast cancer survivors
Authors: Dieli-Conwright Christina M. , Harrigan Maura , Cartmel Brenda , Chagpar Anees , Bai Yalai , Li Fang-yong , Rimm David L. , Pusztai Lajos , Lu Lingeng , Sanft Tara , Irwin Melinda L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFew trials have examined the effect of lifestyle behavioral interventions on tissue markers in patients with cancer. The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility and impact of a 6-month weight loss intervention on breast tissue and serum biomarkers in women with breast cancer. Fifty-one women who completed breast cancer treatment and had a BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2 were randomized to a weight loss intervention or usual care. Breast tissue biopsies, fasting blood draw and body composition were collected at baseline and 6 months, with between-group changes examined using analysis of covariance method. Baseline and post-intervention biopsies were conducted in 49 and 42 women, respectively, with pre- and post-epithelial tissue available from 25 tissue samples. Average 6-month weight loss was 6.7% for the weight loss group and 2.0% increase for the usual care group (p < 0.0001). At baseline, body fat and serum insulin levels were inversely associated with breast tissue insulin receptor levels and CD68 (p < 0.05). At 6 months, favorable changes were observed in serum leptin and adiponectin levels and tissue CD163 among women randomized to weight loss vs. adverse change in women randomized to usual care (p < 0.05). Breast tissue biopsies are feasible to collect in a clinical research setting among breast cancer survivors, with weight loss favorably impacting metabolic and inflammatory markers associated with breast cancer.
Probing defect densities at the edges and inside Josephson junctions of superconducting qubits
Authors: Bilmes Alexander , Volosheniuk Serhii , Ustinov Alexey V. , Lisenfeld Jürgen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTunneling defects in disordered materials form spurious two-level systems which are a major source of decoherence for micro-fabricated quantum devices. For superconducting qubits, defects in tunnel barriers of submicrometer-sized Josephson junctions couple strongest to the qubit, which necessitates optimization of the junction fabrication to mitigate defect formation. Here, we investigate whether defects appear predominantly at the edges or deep within the amorphous tunnel barrier of a junction. For this, we compare defect densities in differently shaped Al/AlOx/Al Josephson junctions that are part of a Transmon qubit. We observe that the number of detectable junction-defects is proportional to the junction area, and does not significantly scale with the junction’s circumference, which proposes that defects are evenly distributed inside the tunnel barrier. Moreover, we find very similar defect densities in thermally grown tunnel barriers that were formed either directly after the base electrode was deposited, or in a separate deposition step after removal of native oxide by Argon ion milling.
Antidepressant-like effects of a chlorogenic acid- and cynarine-enriched fraction from Dittrichia viscosa root extract
Authors: Murlanova Kateryna , Cohen Netanela , Pinkus Anna , Vinnikova Liudmila , Pletnikov Mikhail , Kirby Michael , Gorelick Jonathan , Drori Elyashiv , Pinhasov Albert 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDittrichia viscosa is a perennial Mediterranean plant used in traditional medicine for “calming purposes”, pointing at a possible antidepressant activity of the plant. We conducted chromatographic and bioassay-guided fractionation of D. viscosa root extract to isolate a specific fraction (fraction “K”) with antidepressant-like characteristics in vivo and strong antioxidant properties in vitro. A single dose of “K” reduced immobility time in the forced swim test with a mouse model possessing a depressive-like phenotype. Neurochemical profiling for 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and its primary metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of “K”-treated mice showed reduction in 5-HIAA, indicative of either serotonin uptake transporter or monoamine oxidase-A inhibition, as well as slight increases in 5-HT content. These neurochemical alterations, as well as the behavioral changes observed, were comparable to the effects of paroxetine. “K” also protected PC12 cells in a H2O2 cytotoxicity assay, thus demonstrating antioxidant properties, yet paroxetine augmented oxidative damage and cell death. Identification of the main compounds in “K” by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) indicated that chlorogenic acid and cynarine comprised 87% of the total components. D. viscosa root extract appears to produce antidepressant and cytoprotective effects and may serve as an attractive alternative to standard therapies for depression.
Numerical assessment of heat and mass transportation in $$\upgamma {\mathrm{Al}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}{-}{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}/{\mathrm{C}}_{2}{\mathrm{H}}_{6}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$$ nanofluids influenced by Soret and Dufour effects
Authors: Zubair Tamour , Usman Muhammad , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy , Khan Ilyas , Zahran H. Y. , Almaliki Abdulrazak H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe current flow model is dedicated to capture the role of Dufour and Soret on heat and mass transmission of rotating flow of$$\upgamma {\mathrm{Al}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}-{\mathrm{C}}_{2}{\mathrm{H}}_{6}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$$γAl2O3-C2H6O2and$$\upgamma {\mathrm{Al}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}-$$γAl2O3-water nanoparticles due to exponential stretching under the action of thermal radiation, magnetic, and Eckert numbers. The problem is modelled in terms if partial differential equations (PDEs) with associated physical conditions. The ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are obtained via suitable transformations. The reduced nonlinear ODEs set is tackled via a new scheme. We suggested significant improvements in the traditional technique and further formulated an extended version of wavelets scheme-based Chebyshev polynomials thoughts. The detailed procedure of the wavelet scheme and flow chart are provided. To validate the numerical outcomes; a comparative study with numerical technique RK (order-4) is also provided. Furthermore; numerical consequences of velocity, concentration and temperature profiles are further examined using several plots. The graphical plots, compared and convergence analyses are endorsing that our proposed modifications are worthy. Velocities profiles in view of$$\gamma {\mathrm{Al}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}-{\mathrm{C}}_{2}{\mathrm{H}}_{6}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$$γAl2O3-C2H6O2nanofluid are lower than the$$\gamma {\mathrm{Al}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}{-}{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}$$γAl2O3-H2Onanofluid. Temperature and concentration profiles are dominant when$$\gamma {\mathrm{Al}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}{-}{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}$$γAl2O3-H2Onanofluid is considered.
A semantic web technology index
Authors: Lan Gongjin , Liu Ting , Wang Xu , Pan Xueli , Huang Zhisheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSemantic web (SW) technology has been widely applied to many domains such as medicine, health care, finance, geology. At present, researchers mainly rely on their experience and preferences to develop and evaluate the work of SW technology. Although the general architecture (e.g., Tim Berners-Lee’s Semantic Web Layer Cake) of SW technology was proposed many years ago and has been well-known, it still lacks a concrete guideline for standardizing the development of SW technology. In this paper, we propose an SW technology index to standardize the development for ensuring that the work of SW technology is designed well and to quantitatively evaluate the quality of the work in SW technology. This index consists of 10 criteria that quantify the quality as a score of$$0{-}10$$0-10. We address each criterion in detail for a clear explanation from three aspects: (1) what is the criterion? (2) why do we consider this criterion and (3) how do the current studies meet this criterion? Finally, we present the validation of this index by providing some examples of how to apply the index to the validation cases. We conclude that the index is a useful standard to guide and evaluate the work in SW technology.
The impact of treatment of periodic limb movements in sleep on blood pressure in patients with and without sleep apnea
Authors: Toma Daniela , Bertram Sebastian , Racovitan Diana , Seidel Maximilian , Doevelaar Adrian , Seibert Felix S. , Rohn Benjamin , Babel Nina , Mühlberger Dominic , Büchner Nikolaus , Wang Simon , Westhoff Timm H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractImproving sleep quality in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by positive airway pressure therapy is associated with a decrease of blood pressure (BP). It remains elusive, whether treatment of sleep disturbances due to restless legs syndrome with symptomatic periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS) affects BP as well. The present study provides first data on this issue. Retrospective study on patients undergoing polysomnography in a German University Hospital. Inclusion criteria were first diagnosis of restless legs syndrome with PLMS (PLM index ≥ 15/h and PLM arousal index ≥ 5/h) with subsequent initiation of levodopa/benserazide or dopamine agonists. Exclusion criterion was an initiation or change of preexisting positive airway pressure therapy between baseline and follow-up. BP and Epworth sleepiness scale were assessed at two consecutive polysomnographies. After screening of 953 PLMS data sets, 114 patients (mean age 62.1 ± 12.1 years) were included. 100 patients (87.7%) were started on levodopa/benserazide, 14 patients (12.2%) on dopamine agonists. Treatment was associated with significant reductions of PLM index (81.2 ± 65.0 vs. 39.8 ± 51.2, p < 0.001) and ESS (6 [interquartile range, IQR, 3–10.5] vs. 5 [IQR 3–10], p = 0.013). Systolic BP decreased from 132.9 ± 17.1 to 128.0 ± 15.8 mmHg (p = 0.006), whereas there was no significant change of diastolic BP (76.7 ± 10.9 vs. 75.1 ± 9.2 mmHg, p = 0.15) and heart rate (71.5 ± 11.9 vs. 71.3 ± 12.7, p = 0.84). The number of antihypertensive drugs remained unchanged with a median of 2 (IQR 1–3, p = 0.27). Dopaminergic treatment of PLMS is associated with an improvement of sleep quality and a decrease of systolic BP comparable to treatment OSA.
Construction and validation of a nomogram for non small cell lung cancer patients with liver metastases based on a population analysis
Authors: Zhao Ruhan , Dai Yunnan , Li Xinyang , Zhu Cuimin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLung cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the United States, and the common metastatic sites in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are bone, brain, adrenal gland, and liver, respectively, among which patients with liver metastases have the worst prognosis. We retrospectively analyzed 1963 patients diagnosed with NSCLC combined with liver metastases between 2010 and 2015. Independent prognostic factors for patients with liver metastases from NSCLC were identified by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Based on this, we developed a nomogram model via R software and evaluated the performance and clinical utility of the model by calibration curve, receiver operating characteristic curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). The independent prognostic factors for NSCLC patients with liver metastases included age, race, gender, grade, T stage, N stage, brain metastases, bone metastases, surgery, chemotherapy, and tumor size. The area under the curve predicting OS at 6, 9, and 12 months was 0.793, 0.787, and 0.784 in the training cohort, and 0.767, 0.771, and 0.773 in the validation cohort, respectively. Calibration curves of the nomogram showed high agreement between the outcomes predicted by the nomogram and the actual observed outcomes, and the DCA further demonstrated the value of the clinical application of the nomogram. By analyzing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, we established and verified a prognostic nomogram for NSCLC patients with liver metastases, to personalize the prognosis of patients. At the same time, the prognostic nomogram has a satisfactory accuracy and the results are a guide for the development of patient treatment plans.
Changes in wrist joint contact area following radial shortening osteotomy for Kienböck’s disease
Authors: Shiota Junki , Momma Daisuke , Matsui Yuichiro , Inoue Nozomu , Kondo Eiji , Iwasaki Norimasa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe hypothesized that the contact area of the articular surface of the wrist joint could be evaluated using a custom-designed analytical program. The aim of the study was to compare the articular contact area of the wrist joint before and after radial shortening osteotomy for Kienböck’s disease. Nine wrists of 9 patients underwent radial shortening osteotomy for Kienböck’s disease. Computed tomography (CT) images of the wrist joint were reconstructed using a 3D reconstruction software package. Radioscaphoid and radiolunate joint contact areas and translation of the joint contact area from preoperative to postoperative were calculated using customized software. The mean Modified Mayo Wrist Score was significantly improved from 50.6 preoperatively to 83.3 at final follow-up (p < .001). Preoperatively, the pain was reported as severe in five wrists and moderate in four wrists, while at final follow-up, five patients were free from pain and four patients had mild pain with vigorous activity. The preoperative radioscaphoid joint contact area was 133.4 ± 49.5 mm2 and the postoperative radioscaphoid joint contact area was 156.4 ± 73.1 mm2. The preoperative radiolunate joint contact area was 194.8 ± 92.1 mm2 and the postoperative radiolunate joint contact area was 148.3 ± 97.9 mm2. The radial translation distance was 0.4 ± 1.2 mm, the dorsal translation distance was 0.6 ± 1.2 mm, and the proximal translation distance was 0.2 ± 0.4 mm. CT-based analysis revealed that the center of the contact area translated radially following radial shortening.
Destruction of polyelectrolyte microcapsules and release of FITC-dextran from them by the influence of sodium dodecyl sulfonate
Authors: Dubrovskii Alexey V. , Kim Aleksandr L. , Musin Egor V. , Tikhonenko Sergey A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPolyelectrolyte microcapsules can be applied as microcontainers for the delivery of a wide range of substances, and it is important to search for new methods for capsule destruction and releasing substances from them. In this work, we studied the possibility of using sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) for the release of fluorescein isothiocyanate—dextran from six-layer microcapsules composed of PAH and PSS. It was shown that the presence of SDS in the medium, at a concentration of 3000 μg/ml, leads to the destruction of polyelectrolyte microcapsules and the release of the substance from them (54% of the amount of the encapsulated substance), while the main part of the FITC-dextran released during the first hours of incubation. At an SDS concentration of 100 μg/ml, the substance released is uniform and is 44% in 24 h. At SDS concentrations from 50 to 100 μg/ml, the process of destruction of microcapsules proceeds more slowly. At SDS concentrations from 10 to 50 μg/ml, microcapsules are not degraded.