bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fetal echocardiographic evaluation before and after nifedipine treatment in preterm labor
Authors: Menekse Beser Dilek , Oluklu Deniz , Uyan Hendem Derya , Yildirim Muradiye , Tugrul Ersak Duygu , Goncu Ayhan Sule , Sahin Dilek 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effect of nifedipine used for tocolysis on cardiac morphology and functions.MethodsThe study included 47 pregnant women diagnosed with preterm labor at 32–33 weeks. Fetal echocardiographic evaluation was performed with two‐dimensional (2D) imaging, M‐mode, pulsed wave (PW) Doppler, and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) before and after the 48th hour of nifedipine treatment.ResultsNo significant change was observed in Doppler parameters (pulsatility indices of the umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery, ductus venosus) and cardiac morphology (cardiothoracic ratio, end‐diastolic longitudinal diameters, sphericity indices, wall thickness) after nifedipine treatment. The parameters obtained with TDI (e', a', s', e'/a', E/e' of mitral and tricuspid valves), M‐ mode (TAPSE, MAPSE), pulsed Doppler (myocardial performance index, left cardiac output, right cardiac output, tricuspid E, A waves, tricuspid E/A ratio, mitral E, A waves, mitral E/A ratio) did not change after nifedipine treatment.ConclusionTo date, this is the first study to examine the effects of nifedipine on the fetal heart using the TDI. Since nifedipine is a drug that is frequently used and well‐tolerated in the prevention of preterm labor, it is crucial that it does not cause changes in fetal cardiac parameters during tocolysis. Therefore, we used TDI in addition to conventional methods to evaluate the effect of nifedipine, which is frequently used in obstetrics, on cardiac functions in the early period. Nifedipine treatment seems not to affect systolic or diastolic functions. This indicates that nifedipine is reliable on cardiac functions and morphology in pregnancies treated for preterm labor.
Measuring wage inequality under right censoring
Authors: Nicolau João , Raposo Pedro , Rodrigues Paulo M. M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA conditional tail index estimator is introduced which explicitly allows for right‐tail censoring (top‐coding). We show that the factor values used to adjust top‐coded wages have changed over time and depend on individuals' characteristics, occupations and industries, and propose suitable values. Specifically, contrasting the results of our approach with those of a conservative fixed adjustment factor of 1.5 (used in the literature), suggests that wage inequality in 2017 measured with the Gini coefficient is larger than that suggested by the fixed adjustment factor.
Patient age and donor HLA matching can stratify allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation patients into prognostic groups
Authors: Garcia‐Horton Alejandro , Cyriac Sunu L. , Gedde‐Dahl Tobias , Floisand Yngvar , Remberger Mats , Mattsson Jonas , Michelis Fotios V. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundMixed results surround the accuracy of commonly used prognostic risk scores to predict overall survival (OS) and non‐relapse mortality (NRM) in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo‐HCT) recipients. We hypothesize that a simple prognostic score performs better than conventional scoring systems.Patients and MethodsOS risk factors, HCT‐CI, age‐HCT‐CI, and augmented‐HCT‐CI were studied in 299 patients who underwent allo‐HCT for myeloid and lymphoid malignancies. A scoring system was developed based on results and validated in a different cohort of 455 patients.ResultsTwo‐year OS was 51% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.45–0.56); 2‐year NRM was 34% (95% CI 0.29–0.39). HCT‐CI and associated scores were grouped into 0–2 and ≥3. Age and HLA mismatch status were the only risk factors to affect OS in multivariate analysis (p = 0.02 and 0.05, respectively). HCT‐CI and associated scores were not informative for OS prediction. The weighted scoring system assigned 0 to 2 points for age < 50, 50–64, or ≥65, respectively, and 0–1 points for no HLA mismatch versus any mismatch (except HLA‐DQ). Distinct 2‐year OS (62%, 53%, and 38% [p = <0.001]) and NRM (24%, 34%, and 43% [p = 0.02]) groups were characterized. The scoring system was validated in a second independent cohort with similar results on OS and NRM (p < 0.001).ConclusionsA simple scoring system based on recipient's age and mismatch status accurately predict OS and NRM in two distinct cohorts of allo‐HCT patients. Its simplicity makes it a helpful tool to aid clinicians and patients in clinical decision‐making.
Resource limitation determines realized thermal performance of consumers in trophodynamic models
Authors: Vinton Anna C. , Vasseur David A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRecent work has demonstrated that changes in resource availability can alter a consumer's thermal performance curve (TPC). When resources decline, the optimal temperature and breadth of thermal performance also decline, leading to a greater risk of warming than predicted by static TPCs. We investigate the effect of temperature on coupled consumer‐resource dynamics, focusing on the potential for changes in the consumer TPC to alter extinction risk. Coupling consumer and resource dynamics generally reduces the potential for resource decline to exacerbate the effects of warming via changes to the TPC due to a reduction in top‐down control when consumers near the limits of their thermal performance curve. However, if resources are more sensitive to warming, consumer TPCs can be reshaped by declining resources, leading to increased extinction risk. Our work elucidates the role of top‐down and bottom‐up regulation in determining the extent to which changes in resource density alter consumer TPCs.
Ionizing radiation and melanism in Chornobyl tree frogs
Authors: Burraco Pablo , Orizaola Germán 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHuman actions are altering ecosystems worldwide. Among human‐released pollutants, ionizing radiation arises as a rare but potentially devastating threat to natural systems. The Chornobyl accident (1986) represents the largest release of radioactive material to the environment. Our aim was to examine how exposure to radiation from the Chornobyl accident influences dorsal skin coloration of Eastern tree frog (Hyla orientalis) males sampled across a wide gradient of radioactive contamination in northern Ukraine. We assessed the relationship between skin frog coloration (which can act as a protective mechanism against ionizing radiation), radiation conditions and oxidative stress levels. Skin coloration was darker in localities closest to areas with high radiation levels at the time of the accident, whereas current radiation levels seemed not to influence skin coloration in Chornobyl tree frogs. Tree frogs living within the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone had a remarkably darker dorsal skin coloration than frogs from outside the Zone. The maintenance of dark skin coloration was not linked to physiological costs in terms of frog body condition or oxidative status, and we did not detect short‐term changes in frog coloration. Dark coloration is known to protect against different sources of radiation by neutralizing free radicals and reducing DNA damage, and, particularly melanin pigmentation has been proposed as a buffering mechanism against ionizing radiation. Our results suggest that exposure to high levels of ionizing radiation, likely at the time of the accident, may have been selected for darker coloration in Chornobyl tree frogs. Further studies are needed to determine the underlying mechanisms and evolutionary consequences of the patterns found here.
Maternal depressive symptoms and child internalizing problems: The mediation of emotion socialization
Authors: Lins Taiane , Alvarenga Patrícia , Havighurst Sophie , Silva Antonio Carlos Santos da 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined the mediation of mothers' ratings of their maternal emotion socialization practices in the relation between mothers' depressive symptoms and children's internalizing problems in a Brazilian community sample.BackgroundMaternal depression and maternal emotion socialization reactions contribute to children's internalizing problems, but the mechanisms through which these variables interact remain unclear.MethodParticipants were 153 mothers of children between 3 and 8 years old. The Coping with Children's Negative Emotions Scale (CCNES) evaluated mothers' ratings of their emotion socialization practices, the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) assessed children's internalizing behaviors, and the Beck Depression Inventory I (BDI‐I) measured maternal depressive symptoms.ResultsMaternal ratings of non‐supportive emotion socialization reactions partially mediated the relation between maternal depressive symptoms and children's internalizing problems. There were no effects of maternal depressive symptoms on maternal supportive emotion socialization reactions and child internalizing problems.ConclusionEarly psychosocial interventions that reduce non‐supportive reactions to children's emotions may be an important way of assisting children in understanding and managing their negative emotions.
Relationship satisfaction during COVID‐19: The role of partners' perceived support and attachment
Authors: Bar‐Shachar Yael , Lopata Sagi , Bar‐Kalifa Eran 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe main goal of this study was to examine the interplay between individuals' attachment insecurity and their perceptions of their partners' COVID‐related behaviors (supportive and negative behaviors) in predicting their relationship satisfaction.BackgroundStress is a well‐documented risk factor for relationship satisfaction. COVID‐19 related stressors thus pose a challenge to maintaining relationship satisfaction. Although partners' supportive behaviors can play a central role in mitigating these stressors, enduring individual vulnerabilities, such as attachment insecurity, are likely to moderate the effectiveness of supportive (or negative) behaviors.MethodIn this two‐wave study, conducted at the start of the COVID‐19 pandemic in Israel, 239 participants in cohabiting Israeli couples reported their current relationship satisfaction and perceived partners' supportive and negative behaviors in response to COVID‐related stress. Participants' pre‐COVID reports of relationship satisfaction and attachment orientations were used to assess the extent to which partners' supportive/negative behaviors interacted with attachment orientations to predict relationship satisfaction maintenance during the first lockdown in Israel.ResultsHigher levels of support and lower levels of negative behaviors were associated with greater relationship satisfaction maintenance. Anxiously attached individuals showed greater sensitivity to their partners' support, whereas avoidantly attached individuals manifested lower reactivity to their partners' negative behaviors.ConclusionsPerceived partners' supportive and negative behaviors can predict relationship satisfaction during stressful times. However, high attachment anxiety and low attachment avoidance may render individuals more sensitive to such behaviors.ImplicationsThe results suggest that during times of stress, it is essential to target partners with attachment insecurity to strengthen their supportive skills.
FKA‐A NPs enhances PTX‐A NPs efficacy to suppress ovarian cancer via regulating Skp2/YAP pathway
Authors: Li Juan , Wang Rongmei , Liu Yongqing , Wu Yuqian , Han Leiqiang , Zheng Lei , Bao Zhengqiang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRecurrence and distant metastasis after paclitaxel (PTX)‐based chemotherapy in ovarian cancer (OC) patients remains a clinical obstacle. Flavokawain A (FKA) is a novel chalcone from kava plant that can induce G2/M arrest and inhibit invasion and metastasis in different tumor cells. In this study, we examined the effects and the molecular mechanism of sodium aescinate (Aes)‐stabilized nanoparticles FKA‐A NPs in enhancing the efficacy of PTX‐A NPs in vitro and in vivo. We showed that FKA‐A NPs combined with PTX‐A NPs notably inhibited the proliferation and migration and reduced the expression of EMT‐related markers in OCs. YAP nuclear translocation and its downstream signaling pathway were remarkably activated after PTX‐A NPs treatment in OCs. FKA‐A NPs obviously inhibited YAP nuclear translocation and reduced the transcriptional activity of YAP target genes. Simultaneously, FKA‐A NPs dose and time dependently inhibited Skp2 expression in A2780 and Skov3 cells. In contrast, overexpression of Skp2 significantly attenuated the inhibition of FKA‐A NPs on YAP nuclear translocation. In OC homograft mice, treatment with FKA‐A NPs and PTX‐A NPs significantly suppressed the growth of homograft tumor compared with PTX‐A NPs but did not decrease mice's body weight. In summary, we demonstrate that FKA‐A NPs enhance the efficacy of PTX‐A NPs against OCs in vitro and in vivo via reducing Skp2 expression, thus suppressing YAP nuclear translocation and activity of its target genes.
Dryness weakens the positive effects of plant and fungal β diversities on above‐ and belowground biomass
Authors: Zhang Ruiyang , Tian Dashuan , Wang Jinsong , Pan Junxiao , Zhu Juntao , Li Yang , Yan Yingjie , Song Lei , Wang Song , Chen Chen , Niu Shuli 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPlant and microbial diversity are key to determine ecosystem functioning. Despite the well‐known role of local‐scale α diversity in affecting vegetation biomass, the effects of community heterogeneity (β diversity) of plants and soil microbes on above‐ and belowground biomass (AGB and BGB) across contrasting environments still remain unclear. Here, we conducted a dryness‐gradient transect survey over 3000 km across grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau. We found that plant β diversity was more dominant than α diversity in maintaining higher levels of AGB, while soil fungal β diversity was the key driver in enhancing BGB. However, these positive effects of plant and microbial β diversity on AGB and BGB were strongly weakened by increasing climatic dryness, mainly because higher soil available phosphorus caused by increasing dryness reduced both plant and soil fungal β diversities. Overall, these new findings highlight the critical role of above‐ and belowground β diversity in sustaining grassland biomass, raising our awareness to the ecological risks of large‐scale biotic homogenization under future climate change.
Weak effects of age but important role of microhabitats in community differences between breakwaters and natural rocky shores across a latitudinal gradient
Authors: Aguilera Moisés A. , Bulleri Fabio , Thiel Martin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimCoastal infrastructures are increasing at different latitudes, and their deployment often results in a complete replacement of natural habitats. Although infrastructure provides novel habitats, ecological engineering can increase their similarity to natural rocky habitats. One hurdle for effective design of greener infrastructure is the scarce information on the processes that underpin differences in the structure of communities between built and natural habitats. Using long‐term data of intertidal community structure, we tested whether the magnitude of between‐habitat differences changes with breakwater age and across latitudes, and we examined the role of topographic microhabitats (i.e., rock pools) in driving these differences.LocationNine locations distributed from 18 to 41°S.Time period2016–2020.MethodsWe sampled the mid‐intertidal community structure on breakwaters of different age and on natural rocky habitats (platforms and boulder fields) and assessed the availability of microhabitats, such as crevices and rock pools, along a coastline spanning 23° of latitude. Using generalized additive models (GAMs), we assessed the effect of the different factors on species diversity and functional group abundances.ResultsAge since construction was a poor predictor of differences between breakwaters and natural habitats. Communities on older breakwaters bore a poor resemblance to the species composition or functional group abundances found in natural habitats. The magnitude of differences between breakwaters and natural habitats varied with latitude, with season and with the type of natural habitat attributable to differences in microhabitats, especially in rock pool availability.ConclusionsOur results indicate that replacement of rocky habitats with breakwaters will cause permanent alterations to coastal ecosystems. Our findings suggest that the availability of microhabitats able to shelter species from stressful environmental conditions is more important at lower and intermediate latitudes; hence, they should be incorporated primarily into infrastructures in tropical or subtropical areas. These strategies could help to compensate for the impacts on rocky ecosystems associated with increases in coastal urbanization.
Government responsiveness and citizen satisfaction: Evidence from environmental governance
Authors: Nie Lin , Wang Hongchuan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPrior research has overlooked the dynamics between government responsiveness and citizen satisfaction. This article addresses this gap by examining (1) how styles of government responses affect citizen satisfaction differently and (2) how external events moderate the effects of government responsiveness on citizens. Drawing upon 79,360 environmental demands sent to local leaders in China and 100,905 Chinese citizens' environmental assessments collected from 2013 to 18, this study finds that actional and explanatory responses positively influence citizen satisfaction, while referral responses negatively affect citizen satisfaction. Moreover, these relationships are subject to the moderating effects of exogenous pressures. Top‐down pressure from the central government's environmental inspections and bottom‐up pressure from the environmental documentary Under the Dome represent two types of exogeneities during the study period. The findings corroborate a dynamic government‐citizen relationship that is shaped by government responding actions and sociopolitical changes.
Starting a dialogue in difficult times: Intersectionality and education work
Authors: Robert Sarah A. , Yu Min , Sauerbronn Fernanda , Özkazanç‐Pan Banu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis editorial essay is for the special issue “Intersectionality and education work during COVID‐19 transitions.” We reconceptualize intersectionality in the contexts of COVID‐19 to theorize change to education work, introduce the six special issue papers, and provide directions for future research.
Effect of solid loading and carbon additive on microstructure and mechanical properties of 3D‐printed SiC ceramic
Authors: Wen Jianhua , Zeng Tao , Pan Xiaotong , Zhong Zhijuan , Yu Siwen , Cheng Su 
Published: August 2022

Abstract3D‐printed SiC ceramics were prepared by direct ink writing and solid‐phase sintering. The effects of sintering temperature, solid loading, and carbon additive on microstructures and mechanical properties of 3D‐printed SiC parts were investigated. It was found that the sintering temperature affected the evolution of the microstructure and mechanical properties of the sintered SiC parts. A high solid loading promoted the densification and mechanical properties of the sintered SiC parts. However, the solid loading exceeded 40 vol.%, which decreased the density and mechanical properties of the samples. The carbon additives could improve the densification of the SiC parts and enhance their mechanical properties. When the sucrose content increased from 0 to 8 wt.%, the open porosity of the SiC part decreased from 26.12% to 3.15%, whereas the flexural strength increased 2.19 times. Using the optimized components and process parameters, the high‐performance 3D‐printed SiC parts were achieved.
Enhanced photovoltaic performance via polarization in Bi/Co co‐doped KN‐based ferroelectric ceramics
Authors: Su Mingwei , Gao Qingyuan , Meng Liufang , Yuan Changlai , Liu Fei , Zhu Baohua , Zhao Jingtai , Xu Jiwen , Zhou Changrong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA bandgap‐tunable KNbO3 ferroelectric ceramic was prepared by introducing Bi/Co ion. The existence of mixed valence states of Co2+/Co3+ in the system induced the bandgap reduction and its tunable behavior. KNbO3–BiCoO3 solid solutions showed a typical orthogonal perovskite structure and maintained good ferroelectricity (Ps = 15.13 µC/cm2) and high‐field polarization ability. The devices based on the .98KNbO3–.02BiCoO3 sample exhibited an improved short‐circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 19.2 nA/cm2 under simulated solar radiation, and this was further enhanced to 79.8 nA/cm2 after a 60‐kV/cm polarizing. The structural analysis of the samples after polarization reveals the effect of ferroelectric polarization on photovoltaic performance. This work provides new insights into the effects of ferroelectric polarization on photovoltaic performance.
Assessment of rhenium as a surrogate for technetium in Hanford low activity waste borosilicate glasses: Speciation, solubility, and redox effects
Authors: Gan Hao , McKeown David A. , Xie Xiaogang , Pegg Ian L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRe is often used as a nonradioactive surrogate for Tc in borosilicate melts because both elements have similar valences, ionic radii, and coordination environments. Re solubility in high sodium borosilicate waste glasses is sensitive to melter redox conditions; at 1150°C the solubility is ∼4130 ppm under oxidizing atmospheres. Raman, X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction show that Re dissolved in waste glasses under oxidizing conditions is in perrhenate tetrahedra; under more reducing conditions, Re0 separates from the melt. From air to ∼ 10−4 atm, both Re7+ and Tc7+ are dominant species in borosilicate melts. However, Tc and Re behaviors deviate between < 10−4 atm and > 10−8 atm, where Tc4+ becomes dominant, whereas Re7+ remains stable. Unlike Tc4+, Re4+ is not observed in borosilicate melts at 1150°C and associated glasses. Near = 10−8 atm, Tc4+ reduces to Tc0, whereas below = 10−8 atm, Re7+ reduces to Re0. Re is found to be a good surrogate for Tc under oxidizing conditions (> 10−4 atm) and under highly reducing conditions (< 10−9 atm). Redox and solubility behaviors of Tc and Re are also sensitive to glass chemistry, such that the fair assessment of Re modeling Tc behavior should be glass specific.
Traceability of the local cultivar ‘Caaveiro’ in flour mixtures used to produce Galician bread by simple sequence repeats and droplet digital polymerase chain reaction technology
Authors: Ramos‐Cabrer Ana María , Fernández‐Canto Nerea , Almeida‐García Fernando , Gorostidi Ana , Lombardero‐Fernández Matilde , Romero‐Rodríguez María Ángeles , Pereira‐Lorenzo Santiago 
Published: August 2022

SummaryThe analysis of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and of bulk ground samples by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) was investigated as an alternative to individual kernel testing for assessing the presence of local cultivars in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varietal blends. The recent Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) of ‘Pan Galego’ (Galician bread) requires that the flour comprise a minimum 25% local wheat cultivars. As a test for compliance with this minimum level, wheat flours were prepared by mixing commercial flours with 0%, 5%, 20%, 25% and 30% ‘Caaveiro’ and 100% ‘Caaveiro’ and 100% commercial flours were used as controls. A second analysis was performed with a second set of wheat flours with 5% and 25% ‘Caaveiro’. These were mixed with two different commercial flours to assess the potential ability of five SSRs to identify the percentage of ‘Caaveiro’, constituting the first reference of the use of SSRs in the traceability of specific autochthonous cultivars in flour blends. ddPCR using the QX200 system platform was used to the targeted proportions across the simulated range with two out of five SSRs, indicating that they can be used in the traceability of ‘Caaveiro’ in mixed flours and breads.