bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of low-dose aspirin in the Brain Injury Guidelines on outcomes in traumatic brain injury: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Webb Andrew J. , Oetken Heath J. , Plott A. Joseph , Knapp Christopher , Munger Daniel N. , Gibson Erica , Schreiber Martin , Barton Cassie A. 
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND
Current Brain Injury Guidelines (BIG) characterize patients with intracranial hemorrhage taking antiplatelet or anticoagulant agents as BIG 3 (the most severe category) regardless of trauma severity. This study assessed the risk of in-hospital mortality or need for neurosurgery in patients taking low-dose aspirin who otherwise would be classified as BIG 1.

METHODS
This was a retrospective study at an academic level 1 trauma center. Patients were included if they were admitted with traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage and were evaluated by the BIG criteria. Exclusion criteria included indeterminate BIG status or patients with missing primary outcomes documentation. Patients were categorized as BIG 1, BIG 2, BIG 3, or BIG 1 on aspirin (patients with BIG 1 features taking low-dose aspirin). The primary endpoint was a composite of neurosurgical intervention and all-cause in-hospital mortality. Key secondary endpoints include rate of intracranial hemorrhage progression, and intensive care unit– and hospital-free days.

RESULTS
A total of 1,520 patients met the inclusion criteria. Median initial Glasgow Coma Scale was 14 (interquartile range [IQR], 12–15), Injury Severity Scale score was 17 (IQR, 10–25), and Abbreviated Injury Scale subscore head and neck (AISHead) was 3 (IQR, 3–4). The rate of the primary outcome for BIG 1, BIG 1 on aspirin, BIG 2, and BIG 3 was 1%, 2.2%, 1%, and 27%, respectively; the difference between BIG 1 on aspirin and BIG 3 was significant (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION
Patients taking low-dose aspirin with otherwise BIG 1–grade injuries experienced mortality and required neurosurgery significantly less often than other patients categorized as BIG 3. Inclusion of low-dose aspirin in the BIG criteria should be reevaluated.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/Care Management; Level IV.
Timing of venous thromboembolism chemoprophylaxis with major surgery of lower-extremity long bone fractures
Authors: Salottolo Kristin , Carrick Matthew , Nwafo Nnamdi , Madayag Robert , Tanner Allen , Corrigan Chad , Banton Kaysie , Bar-Or David 
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND
There is debate on the need to withhold chemical venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis in patients requiring major orthopedic surgery. We hypothesized that the incidence of clinically significant hemorrhage (CSH) does not differ by the timing of prophylaxis in such patients.

METHODS
This was a multicenter, retrospective cohort study conducted at five US trauma centers that included trauma patients admitted between January 1, 2018, to March 1, 2020, requiring surgical fixation of the femoral shaft, hip, or tibia and received VTE chemoprophylaxis during the hospitalization. Exclusions were major and moderate head or spinal injuries, chronic anticoagulant use, or multiple long bone surgeries. Timing of VTE chemoprophylaxis was examined as four groups: (1) initiated preoperatively without interruption for surgery; (2) initiated preoperatively but held perioperatively; (3) initiated within 12 hours postoperatively; and (4) initiated >12 hours postoperatively. The primary outcome was incidence of CSH (%), defined as overt hemorrhage within 24 hours postoperative that was actionable. Multivariate logistic regression evaluated differences in CSH based on timing of VTE chemoprophylaxis.

RESULTS
There were 786 patients, and 65 (8.3%) developed a CSH within 24 hours postoperatively. Nineteen percent of patients received chemoprophylaxis preoperatively without interruption for surgery, 13% had preoperative initiation but dose(s) were held for surgery, 21% initiated within 12 hours postoperatively, and 47% initiated more than 12 hours postoperatively. The incidence and adjusted odds of CSH were similar across groups (11.3%, 9.1%, 7.1%, and 7.3% respectively; overall p = 0.60). The incidence of VTE was 0.9% and similar across groups (p = 0.47); however, six of seven VTEs occurred when chemoprophylaxis was delayed or interrupted.

CONCLUSION
This study suggests that early and uninterrupted VTE chemoprophylaxis is safe and effective in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery for long bone fractures.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/Care Management; Level IV.
Visual Pathway Involvement in NMDA Receptor Encephalitis: A Clinical, Optical Coherence Tomography, and 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT Approach
Authors: Kalaitzidis Grigorios , Filippatou Angeliki , Fioravante Nicholas , Rothman Alissa , Sotirchos Elias S. , Vasileiou Eleni , Ehrhardt Henrik , Quiroga Agustina , Pellegrini Nicole , Murphy Olwen C. , Moussa Hussein , Ladakis Dimitrios C. , Lambe Jeffrey , Fitzgerald Kathryn C. , Solnes Lilja , Venkatesan Arun , Calabresi Peter A. , Saidha Shiv , Probasco John C. 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Anti-NMDA receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis patients have been reported to exhibit visual dysfunction without retinal thinning. The objective of our study was to examine the involvement of the visual pathway structure and function in anti-NMDAR encephalitis by assessing postrecovery visual function and retinal structure, and acute-phase occipital cortex function.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, patients diagnosed with anti-NMDAR encephalitis per consensus criteria underwent postrecovery visual acuity (VA) testing and optical coherence tomography (OCT) with automated retinal layer segmentation. Clinical data and acute-phase brain 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT (performed within 90 days of symptom onset, assessed qualitatively and semi-quantitatively) were retrospectively analyzed. VA and OCT measures were compared between anti-NMDAR and age, sex, and race-matched healthy controls (HC). When available, FDG-PET/CT metabolism patterns were analyzed for correlations with VA, and OCT measures.

Results:
A total of 16 anti-NMDAR (32 eyes) and 32 HC (64 eyes) were included in the study. Anti-NMDAR exhibited lower low-contrast VA (2.5% contrast: −4.4 letters [95% CI; −8.5 to −0.3]; P = 0.04, 1.25% contrast: −6.8 letters [95%CI; −12 to −1.7]; P = 0.01) compared with HC, but no differences were found on OCT-derived retinal layer thicknesses. Acute-phase FDG-PET/CT medial occipital cortex metabolism did not correlate with follow-up low-contrast VA or ganglion cell/inner plexiform layer thickness (GCIPL) (n = 7, 2.5% contrast: r = −0.31; P = 0.50, 1.25% contrast: r = −0.34; P = 0.45, GCIPL: r = −0.04; P = 0.94).

Conclusions:
Although the visual system seems to be involved in anti-NMDAR encephalitis, no retinal structural or occipital cortex functional abnormalities seem to be responsible for the visual dysfunction. When detected acutely, occipital lobe hypometabolism in anti-NMDAR encephalitis does not seem to associate with subsequent retrograde trans-synaptic degenerative phenomena, potentially reflecting reversible neuronal/synaptic dysfunction in the acute phase of the illness rather than neuronal degeneration.
Mucosal gene expression in response to SARS-CoV-2 is associated with early viral load
Authors: Rajagopala Seesandra V. , Strickland Britton A. , Pakala Suman B. , Kimura Kyle S. , Shilts Meghan H. , Rosas-Salazar Christian , Brown Hunter M. , Freeman Michael H. , Wessinger Bronson C. , Gupta Veerain , Phillips Elizabeth , Mallal Simon A. , Turner Justin H. , Das Suman R. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTLittle is known about the relationships between symptomatic early-time SARS-CoV-2 viral load and upper airway mucosal gene expression and immune response. To examine the association of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 early viral load with upper airway mucosal gene expression, we profiled the host mucosal transcriptome from nasopharyngeal swab samples from 68 adults with symptomatic, mild-to-moderate COVID-19. We measured SARS-CoV-2 viral load using qRT-PCR. We then examined the association of SARS-CoV-2 viral load with upper airway mucosal immune response. We detected SARS-CoV-2 in all samples and recovered >80% of the genome from 85% of the samples from symptomatic COVID-19 adults. The respiratory virome was dominated by SARS-CoV-2, with limited co-detection of common respiratory viruses i.e., only the human Rhinovirus (HRV) being identified in 6% of the samples. We observed a significant positive correlation between SARS-CoV-2 viral load and interferon signaling (OAS2, OAS3, IFIT1, UPS18, ISG15, ISG20, IFITM1, and OASL), chemokine signaling (CXCL10 and CXCL11), and adaptive immune system (IFITM1, CD300E, and SIGLEC1) genes in symptomatic, mild-to-moderate COVID-19 adults, when adjusted for age, sex and race. Interestingly, the expression levels of most of these genes plateaued at a CT value of ~25. Overall, our data shows that early nasal mucosal immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection is viral load dependent, which potentially could modify COVID-19 outcomes.AUTHOR SUMMARYSeveral prior studies have shown that SARS-CoV-2 viral load can predict the likelihood of disease spread and severity. A higher detectable SARS-CoV-2 plasma viral load was associated with worse respiratory disease severity. However, the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 viral load and airway mucosal gene expression and immune response remains elusive. We profiled the nasal mucosal transcriptome from nasal samples collected from adults infected with SARS-CoV-2 during Spring 2020 with mild-to-moderate symptoms using a comprehensive metatranscriptomics method. We observed a positive correlation between SARS-CoV-2 viral load with interferon signaling, chemokine signaling, and adaptive immune system in adults with COVID-19. Our data suggest that early nasal mucosal immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection was viral load-dependent and may modify COVID-19 outcomes.
A receptor-independent signaling pathway for BDNF
Authors: Fath Julia , Brouillard Franck , Cabaye Alexandre , Claverie Damien , Nuss Philippe , Poillerat Victoria , Chwetzoff Serge , Bouceba Tahar , Bouvier Elodie , Salameh Myriam , Molet Jenny , Padilla-Ferrer Aïda , Couvert Philippe , Acher Francine , Golinelli-Cohen Marie-Pierre , Chassaing Gérard , Trugnan Germain , Bernard Christophe , Benoliel Jean-Jacques , Becker Chrystel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn addition to its well-known receptor-mediated function in cell survival, differentiation and growth, we report that the extracellular brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) also controls the intracellular KEAP1-NRF2 cytoprotective system by a receptor-independent pathway. Extracellular BDNF can cross the cell membrane as it possesses a protein-translocation domain, also known as cell-penetrating peptide. This membrane crossing process is energy-independent, ruling out endocytosis and receptor-dependent mechanisms. Once in the cytosol, BDNF binds to KEAP1 with a nanomolar affinity, enabling nuclear translocation of NRF2 and transcription of NRF2-target genes. BDNF is thus a major regulator of NRF2 activation. A dysfunction of this BDNF-KEAP1-NRF2 pathway may be involved in most diseases where antioxidant and cytoprotective functions are altered. This novel form of communication, whereby a receptor ligand protein exerts a biological activity by crossing the cell membrane, opens new avenues for cell signaling.
Gene amplification mutations originate prior to selective stress in Acinetobacter baylyi
Authors: Herrmann Jennifer A. , Koprowska Agata , Winters Tesa J. , Villanueva Nancy , Nikityuk Victoria D. , Pek Feini , Reis Elizabeth M. , Dominguez Constancia Z. , Davis Daniel , McPherson Eric , Rocco Staci R. , Recendez Cynthia , Difuntorum Shyla M. , Faeth Kelly , Lopez Mario D. , Awwad Habeeba M. , Ghobashy Rola A. , Cappiello Lauren , Neidle Ellen L. , Quiñones-Soto Semarhy , Reams Andrew B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe controversial theory of adaptive amplification states gene amplification mutations are induced by selective environments where they are enriched due to the stress caused by growth restriction on unadapted cells. We tested this theory with three independent assays using an Acinetobacter baylyi model system that exclusively selects for cat gene amplification mutants. Our results demonstrate all cat gene amplification mutant colonies arise through a multistep process. While the late steps occur during selection exposure, these mutants derive from low-level amplification mutant cells that form before growth-inhibiting selection is imposed. During selection, these partial mutants undergo multiple secondary steps generating higher amplification over several days to multiple weeks to eventually form visible high-copy amplification colonies. Based on these findings, amplification in this Acinetobacter system can be explained by a natural selection process that does not require a stress response. These findings have fundamental implications to understanding the role of growth-limiting selective environments on cancer development.
Debating accounting and sustainability: from incompatibility to rapprochement in the pursuit of corporate sustainability
Authors: Baker Max , Gray Rob , Schaltegger Stefan 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThis article explores and contrasts the views of two influential research projects within the social and environmental accounting space. Both projects advocate for sustainability. The first here referred to as the Critical Social and Environmental Accounting Project (CSEAP), was developed and championed by Rob Gray and calls for immediate radical structural change. The second one is called the Pragmatic Sustainability Management Accounting Project (PSMAP), championed by Stefan Schaltegger, and advocates for an entrepreneurial process of creating radical solutions in joint stakeholder collaboration over time.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is the culmination of a decade-long debate between Gray and Schaltegger as advocates of CSEAP and PSMAP, respectively. Specifically, the paper explores the differences and agreements between CSEAP and PSMAP on whether and how companies should pursue sustainability and the role of accounting in these efforts. The paper focusses on critical issues that exemplify the tension in their views: general goals, the role of structure and agency and how to creating change and transformation.FindingsThe article contrasts CSEAP's uncompromising antagonising approach to accountability and fundamental systemic change with PSMAP's pragmatic approach to sustainability accounting with its management and entrepreneurship-orientated approach to change and unwavering support for transformative managers on the front lines. Despite their apparent differences, the paper also outlines areas of agreement between these two positions and how accounting and sustainability can move forward.Research limitations/implicationsThe debate tries to reconcile language and conceptional differences in the social and environmental accounting (SEA) and sustainability management accounting (SMA) communities to reduce confusion in the research space over what sustainability is for organisations and what role accounting plays in this. The authors hope that the tension between the different positions outlined in this paper generates new insights and positions on the topic.Practical implicationsWhile the two views explored in this paper are primarily incompatible, each generates implications for practice, research and education. Debates like this are crucial to moving from discursive disagreement to creating a tolerant and robust foundation for moving forward and achieving much-needed sustainable transitions in the economy and society.Originality/valueThe authors offer shared understandings, points of continuing disagreement and alternative views on the nature of sustainability. The debate forges a bridge of understanding where both sides can learn from each other.
A forecast of Cava wine sales applied to vine planting authorizations
Authors: Teruel Mercedes , Soldevila-Lafon Victòria , Martin-Bofarull Mònica 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to establish the determinants of production in the Spanish Designation of Origin (DO) area for Cava wine and forecasts sales to establish vineyard area variations that maintain market equilibrium.Design/methodology/approachBy applying a vector autoregressive (VAR) model, the authors forecast demand and the consequent requirements for base wine production.FindingsThe results show that Cava sales determine the base wine supply. After forecasting demand and the consequent requirements for base wine, the authors’ results show that, to avoid oversupply, the vineyard area for Cava wine should not be increased.Practical implicationsThe paper develops a simple and effective method for DOs affected by the current European wine plantation regulations to forecast from a supply and demand perspective and their surface needs in response to market changes.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature because, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, no other study has investigated the determinants of Cava supply and demand or defines a model to assess the effects of changes in growing areas. The model is applicable to other European protected designations of origin wines and would help policymakers to accurately establish vine planting authorizations.
Which drugs of choice are on the rise or in decline? A trend analysis of Belgium’s treatment settings (2015-2019)
Authors: Antoine Jérôme , Hogge Michaël , De Donder Else , Verstuyf Geert , Plettinckx Els , Gremeaux Lies 
Published: August 2022

Purpose
The opioid epidemic in the USA, the new psychoactive substances emerging on the market and the recent increase in cocaine treatment demands in Western Europe, all emphasise the importance of monitoring the use and harms of drugs over time. To be informed about new consumption patterns, this study aims to study the trends among people entering treatment for substance use in Belgium.

Design/methodology/approach
Belgian data from the Treatment Demand Indicator collected between 2015 and 2019 were used. A reference group of treatment units was selected to allow for comparisons between the different years. Trend analysis was performed by using a joinpoint regression among different regions and groups of clients.

Findings
The drugs of choice that were most frequently mentioned among the 23,000 analysed treatment episodes were alcohol and cannabis. Both remained relatively stable over time. Heroin seemed to be decreasing significantly at the national level, but increased in Brussels. Benzodiazepines decreased significantly in Flanders and Brussels, but not in Wallonia. On the other hand, reports of crack cocaine increased significantly in the three regions with a more pronounced trend in Wallonia and Brussels. Substances such as fentanyl, methamphetamine, ketamine or volatile inhalants have been mentioned significantly more by people entering treatment in 2019, although their contribution to the total number is still limited.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to evaluate trends for all drugs of choice at a national and regional level. These results might not only benefit national policymakers but also other countries with similar alcohol or drug use patterns.
Shedding light on the gender quota law debate: board members’ profiles before and after legally binding quotas in Portugal
Authors: Casaca Sara Falcão , Guedes Maria João , Marques Susana Ramalho , Paço Nuno 
Published: August 2022

Purpose
This study aims to provide a comparative portrait of the profile of men and women in the boardrooms of listed companies (Euronext Lisbon, Portugal) during the first stage of the gender quota law, by comparing the profile of those board members appointed before the mandated quota law and those appointed after it. This study also seeks to contribute to a critical review of the main reservations expressed by some core institutional actors, who initially voiced their concern that it might be difficult to find women in equal conditions to men in terms of their cumulative experience and qualifications to serve as board members.

Design/methodology/approach
In addition to providing a comparative descriptive analysis of male and female board members’ profiles before and after the mandated gender quota law, an aggregate professional endowments measure (professional endowments Index) is also calculated.

Findings
The research findings show that, in the first stage of the quota law, men and women appointed as board members after the mandated gender quota law are fundamentally similar in their professional attributes, forming a more homogeneous boardroom than those holding board positions before it.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the literature on the profile of the men and women serving on the publicly listed company boards in Portugal, by comparing their profiles before and after the mandated gender quota law. This study also fills a gap in the literature, as studies about gender quotas and corporate boards relating to Portugal and Southern European countries in general are still relatively scant. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study carried out into the gender quota law on corporate boards in Portugal.
Stumble on information or misinformation? Examining the interplay of incidental news exposure, narcissism, and new media literacy in misinformation engagement
Authors: Xiao Xizhu , Su Yan 
Published: August 2022

PurposeIn the current media landscape where misinformation circulation becomes a primary threat to public health and society's intellectual well-being, incidental news exposure's role in influencing misperceptions and misinformation engagement remains under-explored. Moreover, less is known regarding how and to what extent personal factors such as personality and media literacy may drive the sharing of misinformation.Design/methodology/approachUnder the theoretical guidance of the stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R) model, the authors surveyed 546 college students aged 18 and above to explore the relationship between incidental news exposure and misinformation sharing.FindingsFindings buttressed the hypothesized relationship built on the S-O-R model and revealed a path from incidental online news exposure to misinformation sharing, mediated by misperceptions. The mediated path was further moderated by narcissism and media literacy. Specifically, narcissists have higher misperceptions when they encounter online news more often; higher misperceptions in turn give rise to greater misinformation sharing behaviors. The ability to critically consume new media information only decreases misinformation sharing behavior for narcissists with lower misperceptions.Originality/valueGuided by the S-O-R framework, this study takes the first step in examining the link between incidental news exposure and misinformation sharing and accounts for the moderating influences of personality and media literacy factors. Findings provide a theoretical foundation and practical implications for future interventions to combat misinformation.