bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die Rolle des Wissens angehender Mathematiklehrkräfte beim Diagnostizieren schwierigkeitsgenerierender Aufgabenmerkmale. Erkenntnisse aus Eye-Tracking Stimulated Recall Interviews
Authors: Schreiter Saskia , Vogel Markus , Rehm Markus , Dörfler Tobias 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Schwierigkeit von Mathematikaufgaben wird neben fachlichen Aufgabenmerkmalen auch von instruktionalen Merkmalen bestimmt. Auf der Grundlage eines Modells der Informationsverarbeitung wird angenommen, dass angehende Lehrkräfte ihr Wissen nutzen, um schwierigkeitsgenerierende Aufgabenmerkmale zu identifizieren und hinsichtlich ihrer Schwierigkeit für Schülerinnen und Schüler zu evaluieren. Zur Prüfung dieser Modellannahmen wurden in der vorliegenden Studie drei Studiengruppen beiN = 46 Lehramtsstudierenden verglichen: In der ersten Gruppe erwarben die Teilnehmenden Wissen über typische Schwierigkeiten von Lernenden und spezifische schwierigkeitsgenerierende Aufgabenmerkmale (Wissensbedingung). Die zweite Gruppe (Sensibilisierungsbedingung) diente der Kontrolle, dass mögliche Unterschiede beim diagnostischen Urteilen in der Wissensbedingung nicht nur auf einer reinen Sensibilisierung hinsichtlich diagnoserelevanter Merkmalskategorien basieren. Entsprechend wurden die Teilnehmenden lediglich über einen kurzen Prompt auf Merkmalskategorien hingewiesen, die beim Diagnostizieren zu berücksichtigen sind. Die dritte Gruppe diente zur zusätzlichen Kontrolle und erhielt kein Treatment. Als Diagnosegegenstand wurden Mathematikaufgaben aus zwei Inhaltsbereichen (Brüche und Winkel) eingesetzt, zwischen denen schwierigkeitsgenerierende fachliche und instruktionale Aufgabenmerkmale systematisch variiert sind. Anhand von Eye-Tracking Technologie und Stimulated Recall Interviews wurden Indikatoren für die angenommenen Informationsverarbeitungsprozesse beim Diagnostizieren erhoben und zwischen den Bedingungen verglichen. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass angehende Lehrkräfte der Wissensbedingung im Vergleich zur Kontrollbedingung schwierigkeitsgenerierende Aufgabenmerkmale häufiger identifiziertenundhinsichtlich ihrer Schwierigkeit für Schülerinnen und Schüler korrekt evaluierten. Eine reine Sensibilisierung hinsichtlich diagnoserelevanter Merkmalskategorien führte hingegen überwiegend nur dazu, dass angehende Lehrkräfte bei der Identifikation, nicht jedoch bei der Evaluation von schwierigkeitsgenerierenden Aufgabenmerkmalen besser abschnitten im Vergleich zur Kontrollbedingung. Dies zeigte sich bei beiden Inhaltsbereichen (Brüche und Winkel) und Merkmalskategorien (fachlich und instruktional). Die Analyse der Blickbewegungsdaten legt darüber hinaus nahe, dass spezifisches Wissen schnellere Informationsverarbeitungsprozesse und ein effizienteres Vorgehen beim Diagnostizieren von Aufgabenschwierigkeiten ermöglicht. Die Befunde werden in Hinblick auf Implikationen für die Lehrkräfteausbildung und weiteren Forschungsbedarf diskutiert.
Reciprocal Grafting Reveals Differential Metabolic Responses Between Robusta Clones with Contrasting Tolerances to Drought
Authors: Spiral Jérôme , Ouazzani Sara , Vial Nathaly Henry , Michaux Stéphane , Barro Lilian , Darracq Olivier , Arigoni Fabrizio 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFaced with global warming, the surface area of coffee cultivation regions is expected to diminish significantly in the near future. As a result, new varieties or agronomical practices improving drought tolerance need to be found. The aim of this work is to characterize drought tolerance of Coffea canephora genotypes and their reciprocal grafted plants with physiological tools and biochemical analyses. Under greenhouse conditions, control plants (sensitive or tolerant) and reciprocal grafted plants submitted to 14 days of water deprivation show variations of the monitored parameters, such as soil and leaf water potential, stomatal conductance, and osmoprotectant compounds (sugars, polyols, amino acids). The variations observed confirm the differences between the phenotypes defined as drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive. Reciprocal grafting shows enhanced and contrasting situations. A sensitive clone grafted onto tolerant rootstock presents higher tolerance to drought and physiological or biochemical parameters similar to a drought-tolerant clone. The opposite is observed for tolerant clones grafted onto a sensitive one. More contrasted results are obtained with glucose, fructose, proline, and mannitol content which could be used as indicators for drought tolerance. Our finding shows strong variability for drought tolerance in our Robusta clones and demonstrates the impact of grafting on physiological and biochemical parameters linked to drought tolerance. The use of drought-tolerant rootstock leads to better regulation of water management and biochemical composition of the scion in drought-sensitive clones. This could be an approach to improving drought tolerance of Coffea canephora genotypes and to limiting the impact of global warming on coffee farming.
Fostering Functional Occupation and Mobility in People with Intellectual Disability and Visual Impairment Through Technology-Aided Support
Authors: Lancioni Giulio E. , Singh Nirbhay N. , O’Reilly Mark F. , Sigafoos Jeff , Alberti Gloria , Chiariello Valeria , Abbatantuono Chiara , Taurisano Paolo , Desideri Lorenzo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The study assessed a smartphone-based technology system, which was designed to support functional occupation and mobility in people with severe to profound intellectual disability and visual impairment.

Methods
The technology system provided (a) verbal orientation cues to guide the participants to a desk with two containers (and two groups of 10 objects that were to be transported to two different destinations), (b) verbal instructions to take the objects (one at a time), (c) verbal orientation cues to reach the destinations where the objects taken had to be transported, (d) instructions to put away the objects at the destinations, and (e) praise and brief periods of preferred stimulation. Seven participants were involved in the study, which was carried out according to a nonconcurrent multiple baseline across participants design.

Results
During the baseline (when the technology system was not available), the participants produced few or no correct responses (i.e., failed to collect, transport, and deposit objects at the right destinations). During the intervention phase (i.e., with the support of the technology system), their mean frequency of correct responses per session was between close to 19 and close to 20 (out of a maximum possible of 20) and their mean session duration varied between about 16 and 29 min.

Conclusions
The data suggest that the technology system used in this study may be a viable resource to support activity and mobility in people with intellectual and visual disabilities.
Magnetically enhanced photoconductive high voltage control
Authors: Monkman G. J. , Sindersberger D. , Prem N. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe recent surge of interest in electrostatic actuators, particularly for soft robotic applications, has placed increasing demands on high voltage control technology. In this respect, optoelectronic bidirectional switching and analogue regulation of high voltages is becoming increasingly important. One common problem is the leakage current due to dark resistance of the material or device used. Another is the physical size of such elements. However, their ability to provide galvanic separation makes them a very attractive alternative to conventional (wired) semiconductor elements. This paper gives an overview of available methods and devices before introducing a concept based on the combination of photoresistive and magnetoresistive effects in Gallium Arsenide that are potentially applicable to other semiconductor materials.
Life cycle assessment of urban uses of biochar and case study in Uppsala, Sweden
Authors: Azzi Elias S. , Karltun Erik , Sundberg Cecilia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBiochar is a material derived from biomass pyrolysis that is used in urban applications. The environmental impacts of new biochar products have however not been assessed. Here, the life cycle assessments of 5 biochar products (tree planting, green roofs, landscaping soil, charcrete, and biofilm carrier) were performed for 7 biochar supply-chains in 2 energy contexts. The biochar products were benchmarked against reference products and oxidative use of biochar for steel production. Biochar demand was then estimated, using dynamic material flow analysis, for a new city district in Uppsala, Sweden. In a decarbonised energy system and with high biochar stability, all biochar products showed better climate performance than the reference products, and most applications outperformed biomass use for decarbonising steel production. The climate benefits of using biochar ranged from − 1.4 to − 0.11 tonne CO2-eq tonne−1 biochar in a decarbonised energy system. In other environmental impact categories, biochar products had either higher or lower impacts than the reference products, depending on biochar supply chain and material substituted, with trade-offs between sectors and impact categories. However, several use-phase effects of biochar were not included in the assessment due to knowledge limitations. In Uppsala’s new district, estimated biochar demand was around 1700 m3 year−1 during the 25 years of construction. By 2100, 23% of this biochar accumulated in landfill, raising questions about end-of-life management of biochar-containing products. Overall, in a post-fossil economy, biochar can be a carbon dioxide removal technology with benefits, but biochar applications must be designed to maximise co-benefits.
Redefining Structural Art: A Neuroaesthetics Perspective on the Art of Structural Design
Authors: Wang Shuaizhong , Kotnik Toni , Schwartz Joseph 
Published: March 2022

AbstractStructural art should not be marginalised as an integral part of structural design. By reviewing historical understandings of structural art, this article discusses the ambiguous and neglected perspective of structural art on architectural design and human perception dimensions, concentrating the attention of structural art on the question of human aesthetic perception. Based on significant changes in how art is perceived due to recent neuroaesthetics research, this article introduces recent findings from cognitive neuroscience regarding embodied perception principles, sheds new light on the aesthetic experiences inherent in the built environment, and clarifies and expands previously held beliefs about structural art. Finally, while emphasising the significance of structural art, this article attempts to provide a body-informed perspective on structural art that can aid in incorporating human neuroaesthetic perception principles during the conceptual phase of the structural design process, thereby redefining the effect of structures on architectural space and aesthetics, thus redefining structural art.
Combinatorial and harmonic-analytic methods for integer tilings
Authors: Łaba Izabella , Londner Itay 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA finite set of integersAtiles the integers by translations if$\mathbb {Z}$can be covered by pairwise disjoint translated copies ofA. Restricting attention to one tiling period, we have$A\oplus B=\mathbb {Z}_M$for some$M\in \mathbb {N}$and$B\subset \mathbb {Z}$. This can also be stated in terms of cyclotomic divisibility of the mask polynomials$A(X)$and$B(X)$associated withAandB.In this article, we introduce a new approach to a systematic study of such tilings. Our main new tools are the box product, multiscale cuboids and saturating sets, developed through a combination of harmonic-analytic and combinatorial methods. We provide new criteria for tiling and cyclotomic divisibility in terms of these concepts. As an application, we can determine whether a setAcontaining certain configurations can tile a cyclic group$\mathbb {Z}_M$, or recover a tiling set based on partial information about it. We also develop tiling reductions where a given tiling can be replaced by one or more tilings with a simpler structure. The tools introduced here are crucial in our proof in [24] that all tilings of period$(pqr)^2$, where$p,q,r$are distinct odd primes, satisfy a tiling condition proposed by Coven and Meyerowitz [2].
Music in Radio Drama: The Curious Case of the Acousmatic Detective
Authors: SMITH KENNETH 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article explores music’s role in radio drama. While musical aspects of early experimental radio dramas have often been explored, the music that figures in the Anglo-American radio play tradition has remained under-theorized. Borrowing interpretative tools from audiovisual discourses can help to elucidate some of the subtleties of the medium, but methodological inadequacies soon become apparent. As exemplars of modern radio dramatic technique, the BBC’s complete adaptations of Sherlock Holmes stories (1989–98) are explored, their music interwoven into the drama with consistent levels of subtlety. I draw primarily from Michel Chion’s application of the ‘acousmatic’, showing how the ambiguity concerning the location of the enveloping solo violin music – Holmes’s instrument – offers twists and turns to the agency of the unfolding narrative. I examine further how a sustained technique of intertextual allusion creates what I call a paradiegetic space, in which pre-existing music, heard within the dramas, provides a parenthetical narrative that unravels in parallel with the primary narrative, reflecting back on its themes, changing its meanings and moreover challenging our preconceptions about radio’s particular acousmatic zone.
The Politics of White Identity and Settlers’ Indigenous Resentment in Canada
Authors: Beauvais Edana , Stolle Dietlind 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article introduces White identity as an understudied concept in Canadian politics and compares how White settlers’ ingroup attachments and their outgroup attitudes—specifically, White settlers’ anti-Indigenous attitudes—shape Canadian politics. We find that White identity is associated with greater support for government spending on policies that disproportionately benefit White Canadians, such as pensions, whereas Indigenous resentment is associated with greater opposition toward government spending on policies that are often perceived as disproportionately benefiting Indigenous peoples, such as welfare. In Canada outside Quebec, both White identity and anti-Indigenous attitudes are associated with voting Conservative. In Quebec, White identity mobilizes support for the Bloc Québécois, while White settlers’ negative attitudes toward Indigenous peoples are not associated with vote choice.
Tenuous Pacts and Multiparty Coalitions: The Politics of Presidential Impeachment in Latin America
Authors: De Micheli David , Sanchez-Gomez Jose T. , Roberts Kenneth M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWhen and why do legislatures impeach presidents? We analyse six cases of attempted impeachment in Paraguay, Brazil and Peru to argue that intra-coalitional politics is central to impeachment outcomes. Presidents in Latin America often govern with multiparty, ideologically heterogeneous coalitions sustained by tenuous pacts. Coalitions are tested when crises, scandals or mass protests emerge, but presidents can withstand these threats if they tend to allies’ interests and maintain coalitions intact. Conversely, in the absence of major threats, presidents can be impeached if they fail to serve partners’ interests, inducing allies to support impeachment as acts of opportunism or self-preservation.
‘In a hospital bed or … out doing Indiana Jones’: older Irish men's negotiations of cultural representations of ageing
Authors: O'Neill Margaret , Ní Léime Áine 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThere is a growing body of interdisciplinary literature on the representation and construction of ageing masculinities; however, there is a lack of specific analysis of older men's responses to cultural images of ageing. It is important to examine how cultural meanings around ageing may inform older men's lived experiences, an underexplored aspect of gender and social relations. This article does so and contributes to social gerontology and masculinity studies. It draws on focus group discussions and follow-up interviews or reflective diaries with seven men aged 65–73 years, varying in terms of relationship status and sexual orientation. The research forms part of an international study. It discusses the initial thematic findings, interpreted with reference to literature on ageing in culture and society, and hegemonic masculinities. The analysis identifies five primary themes: underrepresentation and stereotyping in media; diminishment of family role; transition from work to retirement; agency as opposed to confinement; and ageing as engaged and autonomous, illustrating some of the issues involved in the fluidity of masculinity over a lifetime. It highlights how representation can inform perceptions and experiences of growing older, and shows shifting masculine identities that negotiate hegemonic expectations as well as discourses about ageing. This study demonstrates how the participants’ modifications of hegemonic masculine and ageing identity interrogate and broaden these discourses, and opens avenues for future investigation.
Analogy is indispensable but rule is a must: Insights from Turkish
Authors: NAKIPOĞLU Mine , UZUNDAĞ Berna A. , KETREZ F. Nihan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInflectional morphology provides a unique platform for a discussion of whether morphological productivity is rule-based or analogy-based. The present study testing 140 children (range = 29 to 97 months; M(SD) = 64.1(18.8)) on an elicited production task investigated the acquisition of the irregular distribution in the Turkish aorist. Results suggested that to discover the allomorphs of the Turkish aorist, children initially carried out similarity comparisons between analogous exemplars, which helped them tap into phonological features to induce generalizations for regulars and irregulars. Thereafter to tackle the irregularity, children entertained competing hypotheses yielding overregularizations and irregularizations. While the trajectory of overregularizations implicated the gradual formulation of an abstraction based on type-frequency, irregularizations suggested both intrusion of analogous exemplars and children’s attempts to default to an erroneous micro-generalization. Our findings supported a model of morphological learning that is driven by analogy at the outset and that invokes rule-induction in later stages.
Prospective spatial-temporal clusters of COVID-19 in local communities: case study of Kansas City, Missouri, United States
Authors: AlQadi Hadeel , Bani-Yaghoub Majid , Wu Siqi , Balakumar Sindhu , Francisco Alex 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Kansas City, Missouri, became one of the major United States hotspots for COVID-19 due to an increase in the rate of positive COVID-19 test results. Despite the large numbers of positive cases in Kansas City, MO, the spatial-temporal analysis of data has been less investigated. However, it is critical to detect emerging clusters of COVID-19 and enforce control and preventive policies within those clusters. We conducted a prospective Poisson spatial-temporal analysis of Kansas City, MO data to detect significant space-time clusters of COVID-19 positive cases at the zip code level in Kansas City, MO. The analysis focused on daily infected cases in four equal periods of 3 months. We detected temporal patterns of emerging and re-emerging space-time clusters between March 2020 and February 2021. Three statistically significant clusters emerged in the first period, mainly concentrated in downtown. It increased to seven clusters in the second period, spreading across a broader region in downtown and north of Kansas City. In the third period, nine clusters covered large areas of north and downtown Kansas City, MO. Ten clusters were present in the last period, further extending the infection along the State Line Road. The statistical results were communicated with local health officials and provided the necessary guidance for decision-making and allocating resources (e.g., vaccines and testing sites). As more data become available, statistical clustering can be used as a COVID-19 surveillance tool to measure the effects of vaccination.
Bicategories in univalent foundations
Authors: Ahrens Benedikt , Frumin Dan , Maggesi Marco , Veltri Niccolò , van der Weide Niels 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe develop bicategory theory in univalent foundations. Guided by the notion of univalence for (1-)categories studied by Ahrens, Kapulkin, and Shulman, we define and study univalent bicategories. To construct examples of univalent bicategories in a modular fashion, we develop displayed bicategories, an analog of displayed 1-categories introduced by Ahrens and Lumsdaine. We demonstrate the applicability of this notion and prove that several bicategories of interest are univalent. Among these are the bicategory of univalent categories with families and the bicategory of pseudofunctors between univalent bicategories. Furthermore, we show that every bicategory with univalent hom-categories is weakly equivalent to a univalent bicategory. All of our work is formalized in Coq as part of the UniMath library of univalent mathematics.
Maternal age at marriage and child nutritional status and development: evidence from Serbian Roma communities
Authors: Čvorović Jelena 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to assess whether maternal age at first marriage is associated with nutritional and developmental penalties in Roma children.Design:Roma nationally representative population-based study. Proxies for child nutritional outcomes included children’s individual-level height-for-age Z (HAZ) and weight-for-age Z (WAZ) scores, HAZ and WAZ scores below two standard deviations from the median of WHO’s reference population (children aged 0–59 months) and Early Child Development (ECD) (children aged 36–59 months). Multiple and logistic regressions were used to estimate the association between maternal age at marriage and the outcomes and other socio-demographic determinants as possible confounders.Setting:Aggregated data from UNICEF’s fifth and sixth Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys for Serbian Roma settlements.Participants:Children (n 2652) aged 0–59 months born to ever-married women aged 15–48 years.Results:In total, 64 % of women married before age 18, 19 % of children were stunted, 9 % wasted and ECD score was low. Maternal age at first marriage was not associated with either nutritional status or early development of Roma children. Weight at birth (children aged 0–24 years) emerged as the main predictor of children’s nutritional status. Boys were more likely to be shorter, more stunted and wasted than girls. Child’s age, maternal parity and unimproved toilet facility negatively impacted nutritional status, while maternal literacy mitigated against poor nutritional and developmental outcomes.Conclusions:Roma children up to 5 years of age bear no negative consequences of maternal early marriage. The underlying determinants of children’s well-being include improved sanitation, child characteristics, maternal literacy and reproductive behavior and parental investment.