bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of the Duty-Free and Quota-Free Market Access Initiative in favour of Least developed countries on Domestic Investment in Least developed countries
Authors: GNANGNON Sèna Kimm 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Trade Ministers of the World Trade Organization adopted in 2005 an important Decision ("DFQF Decision") that aimed to provide duty-free-quota-free market access for products originating from least developed countries (LDCs). The present analysis has investigated the effect of the DFQF Decision on domestic investment in LDCs. The study has been performed in the difference-in-difference analytical framework, and using the two-step system generalized method of moments estimator. The panel dataset covers the period from 1996 to 2019, and contains 40 LDCs (which is the treatment group) and 15 low-income countries (designated as such by the International Monetary Fund) in the control group (which is the main control group). For a robustness check analysis, we use an alternative control group, which contains countries that had not been in the LDC category, but would not have met the criteria for graduating from this category if they were included in the category. Results suggest a negative effect of the DFQF Decision on domestic investment in LDCs. The intensity of adverse environmental and exogenous shocks that affect LDC economies is an important factor that prevented LDCs from expanding domestic investment further to the DFQF market access initiative. At the same time, the DFQF Decision led to the expansion of domestic investment in LDCs that enjoyed higher development aid flows, with the magnitude of this positive effect increasing as the amounts of development aid rose. These outcomes, therefore, underline the importance of not only helping LDCs cope with the adverse effects of environmental and external shocks on their economies, but also enhancing incentives for both LDC governments and private firms to expand domestic investment, which is key for exports, economic growth and development.
Isoflavonoids in Soy and Soy-Containing Foods
Authors: Statsenko Ekaterina , Shtarberg Mikhail , Borodin Eugene 
Published: July 2022

Soy is exceptionally rich in isoflavonoids, which are linked to various health benefits. The aim of the research was to determine the content of isoflavonoids in soy and some soy-containing foods.
The research featured the Sentyabrinka soy variety developed at the All-Russian Research Institute of Soy, as well as such novel soy-containing foods as soy-and-pumpkin drinks and desserts, e.g. soy-and-pumpkin okara crackers. The content of isoflavonoids was determined by high performance liquid chromatography using a Millichrom F-02 chromatograph.
The total content of isoflavonoids was 221.10 mg/100 g in the soy beans, 44.50 mg/100 g – in the soy-and-pumpkin dessert, 36.15 mg/100 g – in the soy-and-pumpkin jelly, 30.80 mg/100 g – in the cracker with soy-and-pumpkin okara, 21.19 mg/100 g – in the protein drink, 12.72 mg/100 g – in the vitamin drink. The samples were tested for such isoflavonoids as genistein, diadzein (major), and glycetein (minor), which took the form of aglycones, glycosides (genistin, diadzin, and glycitein), and malonyl derivatives of glycosides. The highest content of malonyl diadzin and malonyl genistin was registered both in the soy beans and the soy-containing foods: from 42.56 in the crackers to 67.50% in the soy beans.
The content of isoflavonoids in the soy-containing food products depended on the formulation and production technology, namely, on the amount of soy. A daily intake of 200 g of soy-and-pumpkin drink or 100 g of soy-containing dessert could provide the daily intake of isoflavonoids, which makes these products beneficial for human health.
The Impact of Value Chains on Food Security
Authors: Kazantseva Elena , Lyamkin Igor 
Published: July 2022

Value chains are conduits that play an important role in global food security. The purpose of the study was to analyze the increasing impact of global value chains on national food security and develop proposals for improving the level of food security in Russia.
The research featured the impact of value chains on food security. The study was based on a systematic analysis of data obtained from national statistical services, information and rating agencies, international organizations, etc.
The impact of value chains on food security proved to be complex. On the one hand, they combine disparate links into a single system and allow for the rapid delivery of food to the end consumer. On the other hand, they increase the monopolization of the control links. The article introduces key features of the transformation of food value chains in recent decades. First, the list of participants often changes due to the growing contradictions between different countries and unpredictable foreign policy. Second, processing, logistics, and trade chains often get monopolized. Third, companies from other industries enter value chains from outside. Fourth, the distribution of income among chain participants becomes more uneven. Fifth, the influence methods of control links get more elaborate, etc. In general, companies tend to globalize their value chains while national governments strive to keep the chains within the country.
The results of the study can improve value chains and food security in the country, while taking into account the interests of both chain participants and society, as well as the principles of sustainable development.
Color Sensors “In Intelligent Food Packaging”
Authors: Kryuk Roman , Kurbanova Marina , Kolbina Anastasia , Plotnikov Konstantin , Plotnikov Igor , Petrov Andrey , Khelef Mohammed El Amine 
Published: July 2022

The quality of food products depends not only on the technological parameters of production process, but also on storage conditions. Smart packaging controls storage conditions and tracks violations. The research objective was to review the use of sensors in food storage.
The study featured publically available information on sensor-equipped smart food packaging. The information was obtained from open sources published in 2016–2021.
The paper describes biosensors, chemical sensors, and indicators that determine some of the characteristics of food products and provide information to the producer, retailer, and consumer. Indicators proved to be the most promising type of sensors used in smart packaging. This type of sensor indicates the presence and concentration of various analytes through color change. The best indicators are those based on radio frequency (RFID), poison identifiers, compaction/leaks indicators, indicators of freshness/ripeness, etc. All the considered indicators visualize their data by changing color, which makes it possible to assess the quality of food products on the market.
Sensor-based smart packaging is a promising direction in food industry because they make it possible to monitor and control product quality. Smart packaging allows consumers to check the freshness of products by themselves.
Pâté with Inulin Supplement
Authors: Kusova Irina , Ildirova Svetlana , Fedotova Nelya , Bystrov Dmitriy 
Published: July 2022

Pâté are very comfortable for consumption, which makes them very popular. Pâté also has a good functional potential. The research objective was to assess the composition and sensory properties of new functional pâtés with chicory powder.
The study featured beef liver pâté and chicken liver pâté with hydrated inulin-containing chicory powder. The tests relied on standard methods.
The new pâté had 3% of hydrated inulin-containing chicory powder. The sensory assessment proved that the appearance, taste, and texture complied with the normative documentation. The function product had a high content of carbohydrates, including inulin.
100 g of ready-made pâté provide 13% of the daily intake of prebiotics.
Ativo não circulante mantido para venda e operações descontinuadas: uma análise no nível de evidenciação e nas características das companhias de capital aberto brasileiras
Authors: Silva Andressa Fernanda da , Melo de Souza Maíra 
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar o nível de evidenciação e as características das companhias de capital aberto brasileiras em relação aos ativos não circulantes mantidos para venda e operações descontinuadas.
Metodologia: Para analisar o nível de evidenciação, elaborou-se uma lista de verificação com base no CPC 31 (2009). Este estudo se enquadra como documental, tendo em vista que foram analisadas as Notas Explicativas, o Balanço Patrimonial (BP) e a Demonstração do Resultado do Exercício (DRE) das empresas componentes da amostra. A abordagem do problema foi qualitativa. A amostra é constituída por todas as companhias da Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão (B3) que apresentaram ativos não circulantes mantidos para venda (ANCMV) e/ou operações descontinuadas (OD) no ano de 2018, o que corresponde a 67 empresas divididas em 10 setores de atuação. As características analisadas foram: setor de atuação, governança corporativa, rentabilidade, empresa de auditoria, e se negociam ações na New York Stock Exchange (NYSE).
Resultados: Os resultados sugerem que as companhias que se enquadram no Novo Mercado, possuem rentabilidade negativa e negociam ações na NYSE tendem, em média, a realizar um maior nível de evidenciação dos ANCMV e OD. Os setores que apresentaram maior concentração dos ANCMV e OD foram o de Bens Industriais e Consumo Cíclico, ambos compostos por 16 empresas das 67 da amostra. A natureza do ANCMV que mais se destacou foram as controladas, com representatividade de 49%. Observou-se que as empresas ainda precisam melhorar quanto a evidenciação, pois a média da amostra foi de 44%.
Contribuições do Estudo: A realização da presente investigação contribui no sentido que a prática contábil pertinente aos ANCMV e OD é relativamente recente no Brasil e muitos acadêmicos ainda podem ter dúvidas sobre o tema, considerando que o pronunciamento contábil CPC 31 trouxe novos procedimentos de evidenciação. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa contribui no sentido de apresentar a maneira como as companhias de capital aberto brasileiras estão evidenciando os ANCMV e das OD num contexto atualizado, demonstrando que elas precisam melhorar o nível das informações divulgadas para atender plenamente o CPC 31.
Historical VaR as a stock fund diversification assessment tool
Authors: Oliveira Victor Amancio de , Antônio Rafael Moreira , Gatsios Rafael Confetti 
Published: July 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study is to assess the potential maximum loss in more concentrated investment portfolios and more diversified portfolios using the VaR calculation as a tool for controlling and managing market risk. For this, the study proposes to answer the following research question: "Do more diversified equity funds present less risk?"
Methodology: The historical simulation model was applied, considering seven portfolios of equity investment funds (FIAs) and 493 daily returns, under the 95% confidence level.
Results: The results indicated that the maximum expected loss is higher in more concentrated portfolios. Therefore, the diversification strategy helped to reduce risk and is an important instrument to be considered in a stock portfolio.
Contributions of the Study: The main contribution of the study is to provide subsidies for investors and asset managers, while providing a simulation and practical application of VaR in the analysis of portfolio diversification in equity investment funds.
Identification and Validation of Co-Expressed Immune-Related Gene
Signature Affecting the Pattern of Immune Infiltrating in Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Dong Birong , Cheng Rui , Zeng Hao , Chen Linyan , Zhou Lixing 
Published: July 2022

Objective:
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common malignant tumor
of the digestive tract, and its molecular mechanisms have not been fully clarified. This study aimed
to evaluate the immune infiltration pattern of esophageal cancer through a gene co-expression network,
and to provide biomarkers for immunotherapy of esophageal cancer.

Methods:
We downloaded RNA-seq data of ESCC samples from GSE53625 and GSE66258 datasets,
then assessed the immune score and tumor purity through the ESTIMATE algorithm. Next,
a co-expression network was constructed by the weighted gene co-expression network analysis,
and the key co-expressed immune- related genes were identified on the basis of existing human
immune-related genes. Afterward, we utilized bioinformatics algorithms including GSVA,
CIBERSORT, and ssGSEA to clarify the relationship between hub genes and immune infiltration
patterns. Finally, these hub genes were used to evaluate the sensitivity to immunotherapy by the
subclass mapping algorithm, which were further validated by digital pathology through the Hover-
Net algorithm.

Results:
Sixteen immune-related genes with robust expression characteristics were identified and
used to build gene signatures. The expression of gene signature was significantly related to the
immune infiltration pattern and immunotherapy sensitivity prediction in patients with esophageal
cancer. Consistent with previous studies, genetic changes at the level of somatic mutations such as
NFE2L2 were revealed.

Conclusion:
A total of 16 immune-related genes with the total expression gene signature can be
used as biomarkers for immunotherapy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Its molecular
mechanisms deserve further study to guide clinical treatment in the future.
Adult Stem Cell Research in Light of the Bovine Mammary Gland Regenerative
Medicine
Authors: Gugjoo Mudasir Bashir , Farooq Fajar , Dar Ejaz Rasool , Ahmad Syed Mudasir , Shah Riaz Ahmad , Amarpal  , Parrah Jalal ud Din 
Published: July 2022

Abstract:
The bovine mammary gland has vital importance in the dairy sector, as it is considered a
source of basic dairy product, milk. Mammary gland affections are widespread, which affect the dairy
industry economically and pose a potential public health hazard. Current therapeutic options are ineffective
in controlling the infection and regenerating the gland effectively. Antimicrobials commonly used
against mastitis make their way into the milk . In order to find a solution to these problems, advanced
therapeutic options, like the one for stem cells, are considered. Mammary gland stem cells (MaSCs) are
considered to maintain tissue homeostasis. The characterization of these cells and their derived lineages
(progenitor cells and mammary epithelial cells) may potentially provide the physiological status or production
potential of the gland. However, current isolation methods are cumbersome and fall short to isolate
a pure line of cattle MaSCs from progenitors or other differentiated epithelial cells. An alternative to
the therapeutic application of MaSCs is the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC). These cells can potentially
control microbial infection, show anti-inflammatory and other pro-healing effects, and furthermore enhance
mammary epithelial cell secretory potential to ensure tissue regeneration. The current review focuses
on MaSCs and MSCs properties in light of the bovine mammary gland regeneration.
Do We Have Another Option to Treat Bleeding Hemorrhoids? The Emborrhoid Technique: Experience in 16 Patients
Authors: Moggia Elisabetta , Talamo Giuseppina , Gallo Gaetano , Bianco Angelo , Barattini Matteo , Salsano Giancarlo , Zefiro Daniele , Stefanini Teseo , Berti Stefano 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Hemorrhoidal disease is very common in western countries and rectal
bleeding is the main symptom complained by patients. Nowadays the ultimate goal of treatment is
to block the bleeding with minimally-invasive techniques to minimize post-procedural pain.

Objective:
The aim of this study is to assess the preliminary results of the emborrhoid technique
(embolization of the superior rectal arteries branches) as a new tool for the proctologist to treat severe
bleeding hemorrhoids causing anemia. Many categories of patients might benefit from this
treatment, such as patients not eligible for conventional surgery, patients not responding to conventional
treatment and fit patients with severe bleeding who refused endorectal surgical therapy.

Methods:
From May 2017 to November 2018 a total of 16 patients with chronic rectal bleeding
due to hemorrhoids underwent super-selective embolization of the superior rectal arteries at the department
of General Surgery in La Spezia, S. Andrea Hospital, Italy. Median age was 59 years. 14
patients were males (87.5%).

Results:
No post-procedural and short-term complications were observed at maximum follow up
(12 months). The reduction of rectal bleeding with improvement of the quality of life was obtained
in 14 patients (87.5%).

Conclusion:
Our study, although small in number, demonstrates that embolization of superior rectal
arteries with coils to treat severe bleeding due to hemorrhoids is safe and effective and does not
lead to immediate complications.
Белое излучение полимерных люминесцентных композиций, допированных хелатами бора
Authors: Иштокина Е.Ю. , Хребтов А.А. , Федоренко Е.В. , Пузырьков З.Н. , Лим Л.А. , Мирочник А.Г. 
Published: July 2022

Получены многокомпонентные полимерные люминесцентные композиции, допированные &beta;-дикетонатами дифторида бора, которые могут быть использованы для получения белого света за счет каскадного излучательного переноса энергии. Белый свет получен с использования модели RGB. Композиции, содержащие четыре люминофора, продемонстрировали высокие значения показателей цветопередачи (индекс цветопередачи &gt;80, 2776 K). В полученных композициях для красного красителя (R) реализовывались два люминесцентных перехода: S1-&gt; S0, связанный с каскадным излучательным переносом энергии по цепочке люминофоров, и S2-&gt; S1-&gt; S0, возбуждаемый непосредственно УФ излучением. Световые характеристики полученных композиций указывают на возможность использования полимерных люминесцентных композиций, допированных &beta;-дикетонатами дифторида бора, в устройствах аварийного и внутреннего освещения. Ключевые слова: &beta;-дикетонаты дифторида бора, люминесценция, полимерные композиции, перенос энергии, белый свет, освещение.
Non-obstetric causes and presentations of acute abdominal pain among pregnant women
Authors: Hassan Faraj Faruk , Ali Ghalib Hawar , Yadullah Abdullah Ismael 
Published: July 2022

Objectives: Assess the patient characteristics and presentations of non-obstetric causes of acute abdominal pain among pregnant women.
Methods: Sixty five pregnant patients of different gestational age groups were enrolled in this study who visited Sulaimani Emergency Hospital between 2nd January 2019 and 31 December 2019.
Results: Acute appendicitis is the most common cause of non-obstetric abdominal pain in pregnant women (35.4%) followed by acute cholecystitis (18.5%) and renal stones (12.3%). Miscarriages are most commonly associated with acute pancreatitis with a rate of (50%). The majority of the patients were discharged home well within one month except for one patient (1.5%) who unfortunately died after surgical treatment for acute appendicitis.
Conclusion: Acute appendicitis is the most common non-obstetric cause of acute abdominal pain in pregnant women. While 2nd and 3rd causes were, acute cholecystitis and renal colic consecutively in decreasing frequency.
Effectiveness of PRP As A pain Management Method in Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis; A Case Report
Authors: Ghali Wadi Algawwam Hayder , Ahmed Mohammad Abdullah , Abbas Ali Askar Safwat 
Published: July 2022

Objective: The objective of this case report study was to use a relatively new chronic pain management method for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder by using intra-articular injections of platelet rich plasma (PRP) to patient with long standing problem.
Methods: Patient’s own blood drawn, mixed with anticoagulant, centrifuged twice for preparation of PRP, then 0.5ml of prepared PRP injected intra-articular in TMJ for both right and left side, three sessions of PRP injection done with spacing of 4 weeks in between and patient follow up done for 24 months after last session.
Results: The patient was completely symptoms free even after 24 months since last PRP injection session.
Conclusion: Intra articular injection of PRP seems to be a safe, effective and cheap pain management method for chronic pain resulting from TMJ disorder.
Rettleiarrolla i kollegarettleiing som profesjonelt læringsfellesskap i barnehagen
Authors: Fimreite Hege 
Published: July 2022

Målet med artikkelen er å undersøke rettleiaren si forståing av eigen praksis, og diskutere kollegarettleiing som profesjonelt læringsfellesskap i barnehagen. Det empiriske materialet byggjer på videoopptak av retrospektive samtalar med éin rettleiar, gjennomført like etter kollegarettleiing i ei gruppe barnehagelærarar. Studien løftar fram særtrekk ved rettleiaren sine refleksjonar kring eigen rettleiingspraksis, identifisert som balansegangar relatert til grad av aktivitet og struktur, samt utfordre, støtte og kontinuerleg vurdere situasjonar og relasjonar. Resultata blir diskuterte i lys av teori om rettleiing i eit sosiokulturelt læringsfellesskap og profesjonelle læringsfellesskap. Verdien av ein fleksibel bruk av struktur i kollegarettleiing, og rettleiaren sin systematiske analyse av eigen praksis over tid, blir løfta fram. Også verdien av ei rettleiarrolle med fagleg autoritet som kontinuerleg balanserer diskusjonar, strukturar og relasjonar, med mål om å utvikle kollektiv praksisteori. Det å utfordre kultur og praksis viser seg som verdfullt om kollegarettleiing i gruppe skal fungere som eit profesjonelt læringsfellesskap, men det å vere både fagleg autoritet og kollega utfordrar rettleiarrolla
English abstract
The counselor’s role in group peer counseling as a professional learning community in the preschoolThe article aims to examine the counselor’s understanding of his practice and discuss peer counseling as a professional learning community in preschool. The empirical material is based on video recordings of retrospective conversations with one counselor, conducted immediately after group peer counseling among preschool teachers. The study highlights the characteristics of the counselor’s reflections on his practice, identified as balancing acts, related to the degree of activity and structure, challenge, and support, and continuously assessing situations and relationships. The results are discussed in the light of the theory of counseling in a socio-cultural learning community and professional learning communities. The value of flexible use of structure in group guidance, and the counselor’s systematic analysis of practice over time, is emphasized. Also, the value of a counselor’s role as a professional authority that continuously balances discussions, structures, and relationships, intending to develop collective practice theory. Challenging culture and practice prove to be valuable if group peer counseling is to function as a professional learning community but being both a professional authority and a colleague challenges the role of counselor.