bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BHTCM Protects Müller Cells from Diabetic Retinopathy by Reducing
Abnormal Changes of Kir4.1 and AQP4, Suppressing VEGF and IL-1β,
and Enhancing PEDF Production
Authors: Wu Haiyan , Xie Xuejun , Yang Jie , Qin Xuewei , Mo Ya , Wan Li , Zhang Mei 
Published: June 2022

Background:
In the diabetic condition, damage to the Müller cells contributes to the pathogenesis
of diabetic retinopathy.

Aims:
This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Bushen Huoxue, Traditional Chinese Medicine
(BHTCM), on Müller in diabetic retinopathological conditions.

Methods:
Primary rat retinal Müller cells (RRMC) were isolated and cultured under high glucose (50
nmol/L). The advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and sodium dithionite were applied to treat highglucose
administrated RRMC to mimic diabetic retinopathological conditions. The effects of BHTCM on
diabetic retinopathological RRMC were evaluated. The expressions of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and Kir4.1
were determined by double-labeling immunofluorescence and ELISA. Levels of vascular endothelial
growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) were examined
with ELISA. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was also evaluated.

Results:
Retinal Müller cells were successfully isolated and identified. RRMC treated with AGEs and
sodium dithionite resulted in the increase of AQP4 and decrease of Kir4.1 in RRMC, increase of VEGF
and IL-1β secretion, increase of LDH activity, decrease of PEDF secretion in culture medium, all of
which, in a dose-dependent or time-dependent manner. Post treating RRMC with AGEs and dithionite,
BHTCM reversed changes in expression of AQP4 and Kir4.1 in RRMC, and reversed VEGF levels,
PEDF and IL-1β secretion in the culture medium. Moreover, BHTCM reversed the decrease of RRMC
cell membrane integrity after AGEs and dithionite treatment.

Conclusions:
BHTCM protected Müller cells from diabetic damage by reducing abnormal changes of
Kir4.1 and AQP4, inhibiting VEGF and IL-1β, increasing PEDF production, and maintaining cell membrane
integrity. Therefore, BHTCM is a potential drug for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy, which
can correct the function of Müller cells.
Investigating the Protective Role of Rhodanese Enzyme against Cyanide,
the Cytotoxic by-product of Amygdalin, in HDF and L929 Cell Lines
Authors: Alwan Ahmed Mohammed , Afshari Jalil Tavakol 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
Amygdalin (AMG) is a plant-based agent that has many therapeutic applications.
Metabolism of this herbal remedy may cause cytotoxicity in cells.

Objective:
In this study, the role of rhodanese (RH) enzyme against the cyanide of amygdalin has been
investigated in human and mouse cell lines in vitro.

MethodS:
We analyzed the cytotoxicity, morphologic changes, apoptotic effects, and gene expression
alterations resulting from treatment with AMG and AMG combined with RH (AMG-RH) in mouse fibroblasts
(L929) and human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) cell lines.

ResultS:
The lowest half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were 87.95±3.63 mg/ml and
80.82±2.13 mg/ml at 72 h in both cell lines. Cell viability of both cell lines was significantly decreased
after AMG treatment; however, it increased following treatment with AMG-RH for 24, 48, and 72 h.
Morphological changes were observed in both cell lines after AMG treatment for 72 h. AMG-RH combination
did not cause any significant morphological alterations in either cell line.

Conclusion:
The apoptosis rates were increased in both cell lines treated with AMG and decreased in
AMG-RH treatment for 72 h. BAX, CASP-3, BCL-2, and TST genes were upregulated after treatment with
AMG for 72 h in both cell lines. BCL-2 and TST genes were upregulated, while BAX and CASP3 were
downregulated after treatment with AMG-RH for 72 h. The findings of this study indicate the IC50 dose of
AMG could cause cytotoxicity in HDF and L929 cell lines. Furthermore, it was found that the RH enzyme
could decrease AMG cytotoxicity and might have a protective role against AMG.
Den skandinaviske udvandringsroman – En selvstændig genre?
Authors: Van de Maele Romain John 
Published: June 2022

The Scandinavian Emigration Novel
From about 1850 onward to the early nineteen hundred and thirties, millions of Europeans have emigrated to North America. Over two million of these emigrants were Scandinavians who tried to realize their dreams of freedom and economic progress at the other side of the Atlantic Ocean. They did not always realize that adapting to the American reality often implied sacrifices and hardship. The emigration from Norway and Sweden was far greater than the Danish exodus, and both Norwegian and Swedish historiographers and novelists have depicted the impressive adventures of their countrymen. Danish authors have been more reluctant to venture into the depiction of their countrymen's exodus.
Emigration novels have been a distinct area of interest in Norwegian literary research. In Sweden, especially Vilhelm Moberg’s emigration tetralogy has been studied by scholars and compared with the historical facts. Notwithstanding the abundant secondary literature, with the exception of Sophus Keith Winter, in his essay on Moberg’s emigration novels (1962), Kjetil A. Flatin in the article ‘Historical novel – emigrant novel’ (1977), and Ingeborg Kongslien in her comparative approach Draumen om fridom og jord (1989), no researcher has attempted to define emigration literature as a genre.
In this article, I will try to define the emigration novel as a Scandinavian genre by using a model which combines A. J. Greimar’s actantial model or narrative scheme with the American literary scholar W.Q. Boelhower's insights in American immigrant literature (Boelhover, 1981). A combination of the actantial model and copular clauses or taxonomic links helps to describe the history of the emigration novel. Furthermore, it makes it possible to link emigrant fiction to historiographic literature. In this way, the push and pull factors often mentioned in the historical emigrant literature can be compared with individual emigration experiences.
Evaluation of Web-Based Health Information From the Perspective of Women With Eating Disorders: Thematic Analysis
Authors: Drtilova Hana , Machackova Hana , Smahelova Martina 
Published: June 2022

Background
Users with experience of eating disorders use the internet as a source of information, whether for prorecovery activities (such as web-based treatment, looking for information, support, and sharing) or activities that promote eating disorder behavior as a desirable lifestyle choice (such as pro–eating disorder communities and reading and creating pro–eating disorder posts). Their assessment of web-based eating disorder–related information is crucial for understanding the context of the illness and for health professionals and their web-based interventions.

Objective
This study aimed to understand the criteria young women with the experience of eating disorders use in evaluating eating disorder–related web-based information and what eating disorder–related characteristics of these women are involved in their evaluation.

Methods
We analyzed 30 semistructured individual interviews with Czech women aged 16 to 28 years with past or present eating disorder experience using a qualitative approach. Thematic analysis was adopted as an analytical tool.

Results
The specifics of eating disorder phases (the disorder stage and the treatment process) emerged as important aspects in the process of information assessment. Other specific characteristics of respondents (eg, motivation, abilities, and resources) addressed how the respondents arrived at certain web-based information and how they evaluated it. In addition, the respondents described some content cues as features of information (eg, novelty and social information pooling). Another finding is that other users’ attitudes, experiences, activities, and personal features are involved in the information evaluation of these users and the information presented by them. Finally, the respondents evaluated the websites’ visual look and graphic components.

Conclusions
This study shows that web-based information evaluation reported by women with experience of eating disorders is a complex process. The assessment is influenced by current personal characteristics related to the illness (mainly the motivation for maintaining or curing the eating disorder) using cues associated with information content, other users, and website look. The study findings have important implications for health professionals, who should ask their clients questions about web-based communities and their needs to understand what information and sources they choose.
Hubungan Pola Makan Dan Aktivitas Fisik Terhadap Kejadian Obesitas Pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar di SDN 49/IV Kota Jambi
Authors: Wansyaputri Ria Ramadani , Ekawaty Fadliyana , Nurlinawati Nurlinawati 
Published: June 2022

Lifestyle changes that lead to westernization and sedentary life style are often found in big cities in Indonesia. Poor eating patterns and low physical activity trigger obesity. Therefore, researchers want to see the relationship between diet and physical activity on the incidence of obesity at the age of elementary school children in SDN 49/ IV Jambi City. This research was quantitative correlational research with a cross-sectional approach. The instrument used was a questionnaire via Google Form. Taking 49 samples using purposive sampling technique. To find out the child's weight status CDC-2000 chart is used. Analysis of data using the Spearman Rank test. The results showed most of the children's eating patterns were in the good category (53.1%), and most of the children's physical activities were in the low category (55.1%). The results obtained p-value of 0.013 <0.05 means that there is a significant relationship between diet and obesity. Physical activity on the incidence of obesity obtained p-value 0.020 <0.05 means that there is a significant relationship between physical activity on the incidence of obesity. Based on the results, it is concluded that the better the child's eating patterns and the higher the child's physical activity, the better the child's weight status.
Keywords: Diet, Physical Activity, Obesitas
Abstrak
Perubahan gaya hidup yang menjurus ke westernisasi dan pola hidup yang kurang gerak (sedentary life style) sering ditemukan di kota-kota besar di Indonesia. Pola makan yang kurang baik dan aktivitas fisik yang rendah menjadi pemicu terjadinya obesitas. Oleh karena itu peneliti ingin melihat hubungan antara pola makan dan aktivitas fisik terhadap kejadian obesitas pada usia anak sekolah dasar di SDN 49/IV Kota Jambi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif jenis korelasional dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner melalui google form. Pengambilan 49 sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Untuk megetahui status berat badan anak digunakan grafik CDC-2000. Analisa data menggunakan uji Spearman Rank. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar pola makan anak dalam kategori baik (53,1%), dan sebagain besar aktivitas fisik anak dalam kategori rendah (55,1%) serta didapatkan nilai p-value sebesar 0,013 < 0,05 berarti terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pola makan terhadap kejadian obesitas. Aktivitas fisik terhadap kejadian obesitas didapatkan nilai p-value 0,020 < 0,05 berarti terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara aktivitas fisik terhadap kejadian obesitas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan semakin baik pola makan anak dan semakin tinggi aktivitas fisik anak, maka semakin baik status berat badan anak.
Kata Kunci : Pola Makan, Aktivitas Fisik, Obesitas
Top Management Team Functional Diversity and Management Forecast Accuracy
Authors: Wang Shan 
Published: June 2022

SYNOPSIS
In this study, I examine whether top management team (TMT) between-member and within-member functional diversity affect management earnings forecast accuracy. Between-member functional diversity refers to the heterogeneity of functional experts on a TMT and within-member functional diversity refers to the aggregate functional breadth of TMT members. I find that both types of functional diversity are positively associated with management forecast accuracy. Further cross-sectional analyses show that these positive associations are significant only when firms face greater information uncertainty, when TMTs are more decentralized, and when TMT members have longer joint team tenure. These findings are consistent with the information-processing perspective that TMT functional diversity can facilitate information processing and sharing and thus improve management forecast accuracy. This study contributes to the literature by shedding light on how TMT members with various functional backgrounds work together in shaping financial disclosure quality.
Data Availability:Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
Usability of Language Features of Emails for Detecting Misrepresentations
Authors: Lee Chih-Chen , Welker Robert B. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTThe study experimentally examines the usability of a participant's writing style in email inquiries for fraud (misrepresentation) risk assessment by determining whether auditors can detect appropriate language-based risk factors in an email. The results suggest risk factors are present in emails, but auditors fail to use them for risk assessment. For example, shorter emails arouse skepticism when, in fact, this language feature is an insignificant risk factor. More fitting linguistic-based risk factors are lack of specifics and overuse of qualitative descriptions. Guidance may improve auditors' recognition of appropriate linguistic-based risk factors in email text. Alternatively, risk factors may be too vague to perceive, suggesting a need for techniques to strengthen them in an email inquiry.
Value Drivers Analysis of For-Profit Social Enterprise (Case: People of Happiness)
Authors: Auditya Jane , Raafaldini Mirzanti Isti 
Published: June 2022

People of Happiness (POH) is a social enterprise lifestyle apparel brand. The brand is socially conscious but also provides gender-neutral and unique products. It focuses on spreading happiness through its apparel where they work with small local communities and businesses to manufacture its products. The experience of happiness is the core value of POH. However, happiness and mental wellness are hard to measure, and defined differently for each person. There is a need to ensure that POH assumptions and hypotheses are validated to nail the business model. The research aims to uncover the hidden needs of customers related to their happiness and understand the value drivers. During the preliminary exploratory study and descriptive research through literature studies and interviews, it is known that people chase a bigger need of being self-actualized with the top characteristics is having a good sense of humor, enjoying meaningful friendship, getting creative, and being grateful. To prepare the solutions, The 5 Whys Method and AHP were conducted. The findings indicate that the countermeasures for customers' jobs, namely, features are separated into 3, which are to be a brand that gives a fun-loving community, shares content to learn something new, and spreads good news through charities. This study also tested the three features in the form of insight test analytics in which the result would validate the value drivers.
By researching the pain and solution of customers, it becomes validated that the best feature that gets the attention of customers and the willingness to pay comes from the feature of POH if it becomes a medium to learn something new which can be delivered through both online and offline activities. The outcome of this study is also a social business model canvas that continuously innovates its model to adapt to the ever-changing environment around it, as the world is shifting to a healthier lifestyle and more focus on mental health, the social innovation of POH differentiates the company from other related brands.
ANALYSE DE METAPHORE DANS LE MAGAZINE
Authors: Ardiansyah Ardiansyah , Pangaribuan Marice 
Published: June 2022

Cette recherche a pour but de connaître la forme de l’utilisation « La métaphore dans le magazine Le Point » et également connaître l’objet utilisé le plus dominant dans ce magazine.Pour analyser des données, premièrement l’auteur a identifié la métaphore qui se trouve dans le magazine Le Point N˚ 2034 et N˚ 2037. Ensuite, on a identifié aussi le sens de cette métaphore, et puis faire le pourcentage et l’analyse de la métaphore. Enfin, on a tiré une conclusion.Le résultat de cette recherche montre qu’il existe trois types de l’objet utilisés dans La métaphore trouvé dans le magazine Le Point N° 2034 et N° 2037. C’est comme ce que Ullmann a proposé que : les métaphores sont la métaphore anthropomorphise, la métaphore animale, la métaphore concrète à abstrait.
ANALYSE DU VERBE IMPÉRATIF DANS LE TEXTE INJONCTIF DANS LA RECETTE DE CUISINE
Authors: Nurhayati Eria , Pramuniati Isda , Adawi Rabiah 
Published: June 2022

RÉSUMÉ Eria Nurhayati, 2113131015. Analyse du Verbe Impératif Dans le Texte Injonctif Dans la Recette de Cuisine. Section Française, Département des Langues Étrangères, Faculté de Lettres et d’Arts, Université de Medan. 2016. Cette recherche a pour de savoir la forme du verbe impératif, de savoir l’analyse des valeurs du verbe impératif : l’ordre, la défense et le conseil dans le texte injonctif dans la recette de cuisine et de savoir la fonction du texte injonctif qui se trouve dans la recette de cuisine. Cette recherche s’est déroulée à la Bibliothèque de la Faculté de Lettres et d’Arts de l’UNIMED. L’échantillon est 5 recettes de cuisine sur les desserts dans le magazine “Elle à Table” édition novembre-décembre en 2013. Cette recherche utilise la méthode descriptive qualitative. Pour compter la valeur fréquemment dans la recette de cuisine utilisée la formule de Widodo suivant: N = F/K X 100% Par rapport au résultat et l’analyse de la recherche, le résultat de la recherche montre que la forme du verbe impératif qui utilisée est l’impératif présent. Ensuite, la valeur de l’ordre du verbe impératif est 126 fois ou 96 %, il est suivi parla valeur du conseil apparait 5 fois ou 4 %. Cependent la valeur de la défense ne se trouve pas dans cette recette de cuisine ou 0 %. Tous les verbes impératifs qui utilisés dans la recette de cuisine ont la fonction de donner les instructions pour faire quelques choses qui a pour but d’obtenir quelques choses comme prévu par l’auteur après faire les instructions qui se trouvent dans la recette de cuisine, c’est pourquoi la fonction du texte injonctif qui se trouve dans la recette de cuisine est dire comment faire. Mots clés : Verbe Impératif, Texte Injonctif, Recette de Cuisine
LA COMPÉTENCE D’IDENTIFIER LES HOMOPHONES GRAMMATICAUX CHEZ LES ÉTUDIANTS DU CINQUIÈME SEMESTRE
Authors: Pardede Lidia Angelina , Eviyanti Evi , Polili Andi Wete 
Published: June 2022

Le but de cette recherche est de savoir la compétence des étudiants d’identifier Les homophones Gramaticaux et savoir les types des fautes qui faites par des étudiants. Dans cette recherche, la méthode utilisée est descriptive qualitative. Cette recherche a lieu à la Section Française. L’échantillon de cette recherche est les étudiants du cinquième semestre qui ont déjà réussit le coursd’Audition Prononciation, Structure et grammaire.qui comprennent nombre 30 personnes. Fi N Les données obtenues sont analysées en formant la distribution relative de pourcentage : Pi = Fi/n x 100% Le résultat de la recherche de la compétence des étudiants du cinquième semestre de l’année scolaire 2015/2016 d’identifier Les homophones Gramaticauxest 60,52%avec le catégorie Incompétent (E). Les fautes sont que les étudiants ont du mal d’identifier l’homophone, la connaissance insuffisante de vocabulaire et de connaître le système lexical et grammatical.les étudiants ne habitent pas à la différence de la forme conjugée et ne pas connaître la différence entre l’orthographe et l’écriture. Mots clés : Compétence, identifier Les homophones Gramaticaux
ANALYSE DE LA STRUCTURE GÉNÉRIQUE DE LA BIOGRAPHIE DE L’AUTEUR FRANÇAIS
Authors: Lahagu Erwin Hisar , Eviyanti Evi , Marice Marice 
Published: June 2022

RÉSUMÉ Le but de cette recherche est pour trouver la structure générique que les auteurs utilisent dans les biographies des auteurs français. Cette recherche a aussi pour but de trouver la structure générique la plus efficace. La méthode de la recherche est la méthode qualitative. La méthode qualitative est un procès de la recherche qui produit la donnée descriptive comme le mot à l’écrit ou à l’oral des personnes observées. Cette méthode de recherche va expliquer une condition de vérité et donner la priorité à la donnée que la théorie. Pour analyser les données, l’auteur analyse 25 biographies d’auteurs français afin de voir la structure générique utilisée. Le résultat de la recherche indique le pourcentage comme suivant : (1) syntagme nominal + verbe intransitif (17,5%), (2) syntagme nominal + verbe transitif + syntagme nominal (35,8%), (3) syntagme nominal + verbe transitif + syntagme nominal prépositionnel (24,7%), (4) syntagme nominal + verbe transitif + syntagme nominal + syntagme nominal prépositionnel (3,56%), (5) syntagme nominal + verbe être + adjectif/ syntagme nominal/ syntagme nominal prépositionnel (10,44%), (6) verbe impersonnel (8%), (7) présentatif + suite de présentatif (0%) Après avoir vu le pourcentage de la structure générique, on peut voir que la structure syntagme nominal + verbe transitif + syntagme nominal est la structure la plus nombreuse utilisé dans tous les 25 biographies que l’on analyse. Cela veut dire que cette structure est la plus efficace pour être utilisé. Mots Clés : Biographie, Structure Générique, Efficace.
ANALYSE DE LA SÉQUENCE NARRATIVE DANS LE ROMAN VINGT MILLE LIEUES SOUS LES MERS PAR JULES VERNE
Authors: Mentari Mentari , Marice Marice , Fibriasari Hesti 
Published: June 2022

RÉSUMÉ Le but de cette recherche est de savoir les types de la séquence narrative : la situation initiale, l’événement perturbateur, l’aggravation, la lutte, la situation finale et la variées de séquence narrative qui se trouve dans le roman Vingt Mille Lieues sous les Mers par Jules Verne. La méthode de cette recherche est la méthode descriptive qualitative. Les donnés de cette recherche utilisent le roman Vingt Mille Lieues sous les Mers par Jules Verne au mois de janvier – mars 2016. Le résultat de cette recherche montre que les formes de séquence narrative dans le roman Vingt Mille Lieues sous les Mers par Jules Verne sont la situation finale, la lutte, l’aggravation, l’événement perturbateur, et la situation initiale. Mais, la situation initiale parfois n’existe pas à chaque chapitre, car le roman Vingt Mille Lieues sous Les Mers par Jules Verne est un roman d’aventure qui a des liens l’histoire entre les chapitres et les autres chapitres. Alors, l’histoire du roman Vingt Mille Lieues sous les Mers par Jules Verne commence par l’aggravation, car l’aggravation exprime en analysant en détail le rôle de tous les éléments du récit; l’acte qui provoque un conflit; comment les différends plus de chiffres séparés, avec un pic progressivement à travers les questions de conflit complexes et il y a 3 variées séquence narrative qui peut être trouvé dans le roman Vingt Mille Lieues sous les Mers par Jules Verne, entre autre : v, w, x, y, z, trouvées dans le roman au chapitre I et IV. Ensuite, w, x, y, z, trouvées dans le roman au chapitre II, VI, VIII et IX. Enfin, x, y, z, trouvée dans le roman au chapitre III, V et VII. Mots-clés : Séquence Narrative, Roman