bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors and clinical effects of subclinical leaflet thrombosis after transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Bak Minjung , Park Sung-Ji , Choi Kihong , Kim Jihoon , Park Taek Kyu , Kim Eun Kyoung , Kim Sung Mok , Choi Seung-Hyuk 
Published: November 2022

AimsThe number of trans-catheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) procedure is increasing; However, the incidence of leaflet thrombosis is higher in TAVR than in surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). In this study, the risk factors for leaflet thrombosis after TAVR and its effects on hemodynamics and clinical course were investigated.Methods and resultsMultidetector computed tomography (MDCT) was performed at 1year after TAVR in 94 patients from January 2015 to October 2020 at Samsung Medical Center in South Korea. Among the 94 patients, subclinical leaflet thrombosis occurred in 20 patients, and risk factors were analyzed. In addition, the difference in aortic valve (AV) hemodynamics between the two groups was examined and clinical outcomes compared. Indexed mean sinus of Valsalva (SOV) diameter, AV calcium volume, and post-procedure effective orifice area (EOA) were predictive of subclinical leaflet thrombosis with the area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.670 (P-value = 0.020), 0.695 (P-value = 0.013), and 0.665 (P-value = 0.031), respectively. In echocardiography performed at the time of follow-up CT, the value of AV max velocity and AV mean pressure gradient were higher in the thrombosis group and the EOA and Doppler velocity index values were lower in the thrombosis group than in the no thrombosis group. Clinical outcome was not significantly different between the two groups (log-rank P-value = 0.26).ConclusionLarger indexed SOV diameter, higher AV calcium volume, and smaller post-procedure AV EOA were risk factors for subclinical leaflet thrombosis after TAVR. Subclinical leaflet thrombosis has a benign course when properly managed.
ESA-UNet for assisted diagnosis of cardiac magnetic resonance image based on the semantic segmentation of the heart
Authors: Li Yuanzhe , Liu Zhiqiang , Lai Qingquan , Li Shuting , Guo Yifan , Wang Yi , Dai Zhangsheng , Huang Jing 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundCardiovascular diseases have become the number one disease affecting human health in today's society. In the diagnosis of cardiac diseases, magnetic resonance image (MRI) technology is the most widely used one. However, in clinical diagnosis, the analysis of MRI relies on manual work, which is laborious and time-consuming, and also easily influenced by the subjective experience of doctors.MethodsIn this article, we propose an artificial intelligence-aided diagnosis system for cardiac MRI with image segmentation as the main component to assist in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. We first performed adequate pre-processing of MRI. The pre-processing steps include the detection of regions of interest of cardiac MRI data, as well as data normalization and data enhancement, and then we input the images after data pre-processing into the deep learning network module of ESA-Unet for the identification of the aorta in order to obtain preliminary segmentation results, and finally, the boundaries of the segmentation results are further optimized using conditional random fields. For ROI detection, we first use standard deviation filters for filtering to find regions in the heart cycle image sequence where pixel intensity varies strongly with time and then use Canny edge detection and Hough transform techniques to find the region of interest containing the heart. The ESA-Unet proposed in this article, moreover, is jointly designed with a self-attentive mechanism and multi-scale jump connection based on convolutional networks.ResultsThe experimental dataset used in this article is from the Department of CT/MRI at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University. Experiments compare other convolution-based methods, such as UNet, FCN, FPN, and PSPNet, and the results show that our model achieves the best results on Acc, Pr, ReCall, DSC, and IoU metrics. After comparative analysis, the experimental results show that the ESA-UNet network segmentation model designed in this article has higher accuracy, intuitiveness, and more application value than traditional image segmentation algorithms.ConclusionWith the continuous application of nuclear magnetic resonance technology in clinical diagnosis, the method in this article is expected to become a tool that can effectively improve the efficiency of doctors' diagnoses.
Trajectories and determinants of left ventricular ejection fraction after the first myocardial infarction in the current era of primary coronary interventions
Authors: Wohlfahrt Peter , Jenča Dominik , Melenovský Vojtěch , Šramko Marek , Kotrč Martin , Želízko Michael , Mrázková Jolana , Adámková Věra , Pitha Jan , Kautzner Josef 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundLeft ventricular ejection fraction (EF) is an independent predictor of adverse outcomes after myocardial infarction (MI). However, current data on trajectories and determinants of EF are scarce. The present study aimed to describe the epidemiology of EF after MI.MethodsData from a single-center prospectively-designed registry of consecutive patients hospitalized at a large tertiary cardiology center were utilized.ResultsOut of 1,593 patients in the registry, 1,065 were hospitalized for MI type I (65.4% STEMI) and had no previous history of heart failure or MI. At discharge, EF &lt; 40% was present in 238 (22.3%), EF 40–50% in 326 (30.6%) and EF &gt; 50% in 501 (47.0%). Patients with EF &lt; 40% were often those who suffered subacute and anterior STEMI, had higher heart rate at admission and higher maximal troponin level, and had more often HF signs requiring intravenous diuretics. Among subjects with EF &lt; 40%, the follow-up EF was available in 166 (80% of eligible). Systolic function recovered to EF &gt; 50% in 39 (23.1%), slightly improved to EF 40–50% in 44 (26.0%) and remained below 40% in 86 (50.9%). Systolic function improvement to EF &gt; 40% was predicted by lower severity of coronary atherosclerosis, lower leukocyte count, and the absence of atrial fibrillation.ConclusionsDespite recent improvements in in-hospital MI care, one in five patients has systolic dysfunction at hospital discharge. Out of these, EF improves in 51%, and full recovery is observed in 23%. The severity of coronary atherosclerosis, inflammatory response to MI, and atrial fibrillation may affect EF recovery.
Sex and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide: The potential mediating role of iron biomarkers
Authors: Khatami Farnaz , Muka Taulant , Groothof Dion , de Borst Martin H. , Buttia Chepkoech , van Hassel Gaston , Baumgartner Iris , Kremer Daan , Bakker Stephan J. L. , Bano Arjola , Eisenga Michele F. 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundLevels of N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), a marker of heart failure and cardiovascular risk, are generally higher in women than men. We explored whether iron biomarkers mediate sex differences in NT-proBNP levels.MethodsWe included 5,343 community-dwelling individuals from the Prevention of Renal and Vascular Endstage Disease study. With linear regression analyses, we investigated the association of sex and iron biomarkers with NT-proBNP levels, independent of adjustment for potential confounders. The assessed iron biomarkers included ferritin, transferrin saturation (TSAT), hepcidin, and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR). Next, we performed mediation analyses to investigate to which extent iron biomarkers influence the association between sex and NT-proBNP.ResultsOf the included 5,343 participants, the mean standard deviation age was 52.2 ± 11.6 years and 52% were females. After adjustment for potential confounders, women compared to men, had higher NT-proBNP (β = 0.31; 95%CI = 0.29, 0.34), but lower ferritin (β = –0.37; 95%CI = –0.39, –0.35), hepcidin (β = –0.22, 95%CI = –0.24, –0.20), and TSAT (β = –0.07, 95% CI = –0.08, –0.06). Lower ferritin (β = –0.05, 95%CI = –0.08, –0.02), lower hepcidin (β = –0.04, 95%CI = –0.07, –0.006), and higher TSAT (β = 0.07; 95%CI = 0.01, 0.13) were associated with higher NT-proBNP. In mediation analyses, ferritin and hepcidin explained 6.5 and 3.1% of the association between sex and NT-proBNP, respectively, while TSAT minimally suppressed (1.9%) this association.ConclusionOur findings suggest that iron biomarkers marginally explain sex differences in levels of NT-proBNP. Future studies are needed to explore causality and potential mechanisms underlying these pathways.
Importance of cardiac imaging assessment of epicardial adipose tissue after a first episode of myocardial infarction
Authors: Islas Fabián , Gutiérrez Eva , Cachofeiro Victoria , Martínez-Martínez Ernesto , Marín Gema , Olmos Carmen , Carrión Irene , Gil Sandra , Mahía Patricia , Cobos Miguel Ángel , de Agustín Alberto , Luaces María 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundOver the past years, information about the crosstalk between the epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and the cardiovascular system has emerged. Notably, in the context of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), EAT might have a potential role in the pathophysiology of ventricular structural changes and function, and the clinical evolution of patients. This study aims to assess the impact of EAT on morpho-functional changes in the left ventricle (LV) and the outcome of patients after an AMI.MethodsWe studied prospectively admitted patients to our hospital with a first episode of AMI. All patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) during admission. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) was performed within 24–48 h after PCI, as well as blood samples to assess levels of galectin-3 (Gal-3). Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) was performed 5–7 days after PCI. Clinical follow-up was performed at 1 and 5 years after MI.ResultsMean age of our cohort (n = 41) was 57.5 ± 10 years, and 38 (93%) were male. Nine patients had normal BMI, 15 had overweight (BMI 25–30), and 17 were obese (BMI &gt; 30). Twenty three patients (56%) had ≥ 4 mm thickness of EAT measured with echo. In these patients, baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) after AMI was significantly lower, as well as global longitudinal strain. EAT thickness ≥ 4 m patients presented larger infarct size, higher extracellular volume, and higher T1 times than patients with EAT &lt; 4 mm. As for Gal-3, the median was 16.5 ng/mL [12.7–25.2]. At five-year follow-up 5 patients had major cardiac events, and all of them had EAT ≥ 4 mm.ConclusionsPatients with EAT &gt;4 mm have worse LVEF and GLS, larger infarct size and longer T1 values after a MI, and higher levels of Gal-3. EAT &gt;4 mm was an independent predictor of MACE at 5-year follow-up. EAT thickness is a feasible, noninvasive, low-cost parameter that might provide important information regarding the chronic inflammatory process in the myocardium after an infarction.
Oocyte-specific disruption of adrenomedullin 2 gene enhances ovarian follicle growth after superovulation
Authors: Chang Chia Lin , Lo Wei-Che , Lee Ta-Hsien , Sung Jia-Yi , Sung Yen Ju 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundAdrenomedullin 2 (ADM2), adrenomedullin (ADM), and calcitonin gene-related peptides (α- and β-CGRPs) signal through heterodimeric calcitonin receptor-like receptor/receptor activity-modifying protein 1, 2 and 3 (CLR/RAMP1, 2 and 3) complexes. These peptides are important regulators of neurotransmission, vasotone, cardiovascular development, and metabolic homeostasis. In rodents, ADM is essential for regulating embryo implantation, fetal–placental development, and hemodynamic adaptation during pregnancy. On the other hand, ADM2 was shown to affect vascular lumen enlargement, and cumulus cell-oocyte complex (COC) communication in rodent and bovine ovarian follicles. To investigate whether oocyte-derived ADM2 plays a physiological role in regulating ovarian folliculogenesis, we generated mice with oocyte-specific disruption of the Adm2 gene using a LoxP-flanked Adm2 transgene (Adm2 loxP/loxP) and crossed them with Zp3-Cre mice which carry a zona pellucida 3 (Zp3) promoter-Cre recombinase transgene.ResultsWhile heterozygous Adm2 +/-/Zp3-Cre and homozygous Adm2 -/-/Zp3-Cre mice were fertile, Adm2 disruption in oocytes significantly increased the number of ovulated oocytes following a superovulation treatment. Oocyte-specific Adm2 disruption also significantly impaired the developmental capacity of fertilized eggs and decreased the size of the corpus luteum following superovulation, perhaps due to a reduction of ovarian cyclin D2-associated signaling.ConclusionsThe disruption of intrafollicular ADM2 signaling leads to follicular dysfunction. These data suggested that oocyte-derived ADM2 plays a facilitative role in the regulation of hormonal response and follicle growth independent of the closely related ADM and CGRP peptides, albeit in a subtle manner.
Synergistic impact of diabetes and cognitive impairment on all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Chinese older adults: A prospective population-based cohort study
Authors: Li Zhiqiang , Wang Shengshu , Liu Shaohua , Gong Xinran , Wang Yanding , Wu Di , Yang Meitao , Li Rongrong , Li Haowei , Li Xuehang , Chen Shimin , Jia Ruizhong , Guo Jinpeng , Wang Jianhua , Liu Miao , He Yao , Wang Yong 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM) or cognitive impairment (CI) is known to be strongly associated with mortality. DM commonly coexists with CI and proportionally increases with age. However, little is known about the combined effect of cognitive function and diabetes on mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the combined effects of DM and CI on all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Chinese older adults.MethodsThis prospective population-based cohort study was based on the Beijing Elderly Comprehensive Health Cohort Study. A total of 4,499 older adults were included. Cox’s proportional hazard models were utilized to calculate the effect of DM and CI on all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and cancer mortality, and a multiplicative term was introduced to study a potential interaction between DM and CI on outcomes.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 6.8 years (ranging from 6.6 to 11.7 years), 667 (14.8%) participants died from all causes, 292 from CVD, and 215 from cancer. In the fully adjusted model, participants with coexisting DM and CI had the highest risk of all-cause mortality [hazard ratios (HRs), 3.08; 95% confidence intervals (CIs), 2.30,4.11] and CVD mortality (HRs, 3.85; 95% CIs, 2.60,5.71) compared with individuals with normal cognition and non-DM. We also found a multiplicative interaction between DM and CI in respect to all-cause (HRs, 2.46; 95% CI, 1.87,3.22) and CVD mortality (HRs, 3.15 95% CI, 2.19,4.55). In the diabetic population, CI was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (HRs, 2.09; 95% CIs, 1.51,2.89) and CVD mortality (HRs, 3.16; 95% CIs, 2.02,5.05) compared with the normal cognition group. Restricted cubic spline revealed a linear inverse association between Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score and all-cause, CVD mortality in the total sample and participants without diabetes. However, a nearly reverse J association was observed between MMSE and mortality from all causes and CVD in the diabetes group.ConclusionThe findings highlighted that cognitive impairment concomitant with diabetes further increases the risk of mortality. In addition to strengthening routine screening of cognitive functioning in older adults with early-stage diabetes, more extensive assessment of prognostic risks has high clinical value for developing comprehensive treatment plans.
Synthesis and evaluation of delayed anti-high temperature gel plugging agent
Authors: Bai Yang , Wu Lingfeng , Luo Pingya , Li Daoxiong 
Published: November 2022

The malignant leakage of complex formations seriously restricts the drilling time and has become a major drilling technical problem that needs to be solved urgently at this stage. In particular, the malignant leakage of large fractures and fractured formations is difficult to construct, and the success rate of plugging is low. In this paper, according to the above formation conditions, by analyzing the leakage mechanism of the malignant leakage formation, the method of plugging the large fractures and broken fractured formations is summarized. The adiabatic copolymerization co-hydrolysis method was used as the gel synthesis method, 2-methacrylic acid amide and acrylamide (AM) were used as the main raw materials, and the redox initiation system composed of sodium sulfate and sodium bisulfite was used as the initiator. Using its redox initiation characteristics, high-strength bonding between organic polymer covalent bonds was achieved by a self-made cross-linking agent; using the thermoplasticity of hot-melt adhesive, the initiator is wrapped in hot-melt adhesive particles to achieve high-temperature slow-release initiation, and finally, a gel plugging agent with good compatibility with drilling fluid, controllable gel formation time, stable gel formation, and good gel breaking performance was synthesized, which is suitable for severe lost circulation under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. A compatibility study of gel and common drilling fluid systems, the effect of temperature on gel formation, gel rheological properties under high temperature and high pressure, gel start-up pressure, and gel breakability tests were evaluated under laboratory conditions. The experimental results show that the gel has good compatibility with common drilling fluid systems; with the increase of temperature, the gel time of the gel plugging agent gradually decreases, and the gel time can be adjusted from 1 to 3 h at a high temperature of 150°C; when the concentration of the gel in the experimental slurry exceeds 2%, its rheological properties change abruptly; under certain conditions, the starting pressure of the gel can reach up to 6.5 MPa; and under the condition of 150°C, the gel breaking rate was over 98% after 24 h. Various experiments show that the gel’s performance meets the requirements for plugging malignant leakage formations, and the effect is good. Compared with traditional gel materials, the gel plugging agent synthesized in this paper has the characteristics of a simple configuration process and superior performance with drilling fluid, which provides a new idea for malignant leakage plugging.
A high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of Pelteobagrus vachelli provides insights into its environmental adaptation and population history
Authors: Li Jie , Wang Tao , Liu Wei , Yin Danqing , Lai Zhengqing , Zhang Guosong , Zhang Kai , Ji Jie , Yin Shaowu 
Published: November 2022

Pelteobagrus vachelli is a freshwater fish with high economic value, but the lack of genome resources has severely restricted its industrial development and population conservation. Here, we constructed the first chromosome-level genome assembly of P. vachelli with a total length of approximately 662.13 Mb and a contig N50 was 14.02 Mb, and scaffolds covering 99.79% of the assembly were anchored to 26 chromosomes. Combining the comparative genome results and transcriptome data under environmental stress (high temperature, hypoxia and Edwardsiella. ictaluri infection), the MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and apelin signaling pathway play an important role in environmental adaptation of P. vachelli, and these pathways were interconnected by the ErbB family and involved in cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Population evolution analysis showed that artificial interventions have affected wild populations of P. vachelli. This study provides a useful genomic information for the genetic breeding of P. vachelli, as well as references for further studies on fish biology and evolution.
Case report: Unilateral panuveitis as a manifestation of Alport syndrome in a Chinese pediatric patient
Authors: Tian Yu , Wu Xiaochuan , Li Yongzhen , He Wenbin , Liu Zibin , Myers Frank L. , Zhou Liang 
Published: November 2022

Purpose: The study aimed to report a rare case of a patient with Alport syndrome, which was manifested as unilateral non-infectious uveitis after bilateral cataract surgery.Methods: A case report.Results: A 2-year-old boy was diagnosed with unilateral panuveitis based on the clinical and multimodal imaging findings. Intraocular fluid samples for metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and microbial culture were negative. However, urine tests found proteinuria and microscopic hematuria. Pathologic findings of the kidney revealed a thickened membrane, and a diagnosis of Alport syndrome was considered. Gene analysis found deletions in exon 1 of COL4A5 and exons 1 and 2 of COL4A6. The uveitis resolved gradually, following the administration of oral steroids.Conclusion: Uveitis may be an ocular manifestation of Alport syndrome.
Increased risk of incident gout in young men with metabolic syndrome: A nationwide population-based cohort study of 3.5 million men
Authors: Eun Yeonghee , Han Kyungdo , Lee Seung Woo , Kim Kyunga , Kang Seonyoung , Lee Seulkee , Cha Hoon-Suk , Koh Eun-Mi , Kim Hyungjin , Lee Jaejoon 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundTo date, few studies have focused on risk factors for gout in young people, and large-scale studies on the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and gout are lacking. We aimed to investigate the association between gout and MetS in a large nationwide population-based cohort of young men who participated in national health examination.Materials and methodsCohort included men aged 20–39 years who participated in a health check-up in 2009–2012. A total of 3,569,104 subjects was included in the study, excluding those who had a previous diagnosis of gout or had renal impairment. The outcome was the occurrence of gout, which was defined using the diagnosis code of gout in the claims database. Cox proportional hazard model was used to evaluate the association between MetS and incident gout.ResultsMean follow-up duration was 7.35 ± 1.24 years and the incidence rate of gout was 3.36 per 1,000 person-years. The risk of gout in subjects with MetS was 2.4-fold higher than subjects without MetS. Among the components of MetS, hypertriglyceridemia and abdominal obesity showed the greatest association with gout. As the number of MetS components increased, the risk of gout increased. The association between gout and MetS was more pronounced in relatively young subjects and in low- or normal-weight subjects.ConclusionMetabolic syndrome is an important risk factor for the gout in young men. In particular, the association between MetS and gout was greater in young and non-obese men. Management of MetS in young men will be important for future gout prevention.