bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of the vasoactive-inotropic score with the length of intensive care unit stay and COVID IgG titers, in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children
Authors: Matti Mahantesh , Maralihalli Mahesh B. , Mummadi Meghana , Reddy Shilpa 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) often develop shock and require vasoactive agents. The vasoactive-inotropic score (VIS) is a potential scoring system to assess the amount of vasoactive agent support required. The study was conducted to correlate VIS at 6 and 12 h with the length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay and with COVID immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody titers in cases of MIS-C with shock.

Subjects and Methods:
Demographic and clinical details were collected from patients with the diagnosis of MIS-C with shock requiring vasoactive agents. VIS was calculated at 6 and 12 h following initiation of the first inotropic/vasoactive agent.

Results:
Twenty-nine children admitted with the diagnosis of MIS-C who presented with shock or developed shock during hospital stay were the study population. On performing Spearman's correlation, a positive correlation was observed between COVID IgG titers and VIS at 6 h. There was no significant association between VIS and length of ICU stay.

Conclusions:
VIS had limited significance in predicting the length of ICU stay and the need for vasoactive agents required.
Renal Function Assessment by Estimation of Fractional Excretion of Sodium and Magnesium in Asphyxiated Newborn
Authors: Quader Mohammed Maruf Ul , Hanif Mohammed , Afroze Shireen , Khan Anwar Hossain 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Fractional excretion of magnesium (FEMg) is found to be the most sensitive index among fractional excretion of solutes to detect tubular damage in glomerulonephritis, although fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) is used to detect renal tubular dysfunction in perinatal asphyxia till date.

Aim and Objective:
The aim of this article is to assess the diagnostic performance of FENa and FEMg as renal function test in asphyxiated newborns.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 asphyxiated newborns in Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital, Bangladesh, over 1 year. Serum and urine creatinine, sodium, and magnesium were assessed in each patient; FENa and FEMg were calculated. Serum creatinine was regarded as gold standard for renal function.

Results:
FENa had 63.64% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% positive predictive value, 90.70% negative predictive value, and 92% accuracy. FEMg had 100% sensitivity, 66.67% specificity, 45.83% positive predictive value, 100% negative predictive value, and 74% accuracy. Receiver-operating characteristic curve revealed that area under the curve for FENa was 0.990 and for FEMg was 0.833. So, area under the curve for FENa was more than that of FEMg.

Conclusion:
FENa is better than FEMg in the assessment of renal function of asphyxiated newborns.
Concomitant Infection of Typhoid and Rickettsia with Dengue Fever in Acute Febrile Patient
Authors: Hasnat Ferdousi , Shoma Farahnaz , Mehnaj Syeda , Farzana Shamima , Nurullah Mohammed , Anne Rifat T. 
Published: November 2022

Rationale of the study and objectives:
Dengue fever is one of the major causes of acute febrile illness. Other causes of febrile illness may be associated with dengue. This cross-sectional observational study was done to find out other coinfections such as typhoid, malaria, and rickettsia with dengue in an acute febrile patient and aimed to reduce the morbidity and mortality of patients.

Materials and Methods:
This study was conducted at Kurmitola General Hospital from June 2019 to November 2019. A total of 244 patients were included in this study. All patients were admitted to the hospital with fever. All investigations that aimed to diagnose the acute febrile illness were done.

Results:
Among 244 patients, 62.29% patients were tested positive for dengue, 26.22% for rickettsia, and 11.47% for typhoid. Dengue monoinfection was 44.26%, and coinfection was 18.03%. Malarial case was not found. The mean age of children was 6.4 years. Majority (75%) came from rural areas, and 64.75% of studied children were male. Fever, myalgia, arthralgia, and gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, vomiting, loose motion were the main symptoms, and jaundice, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly were the main signs both in monoinfection and coinfection. Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, raised serum alanine transaminase, and elevated hematocrit were found in monoinfection as well as in coinfection.

Conclusion:
Symptoms of monoinfection and coinfection were overlapping, but treatment was rather different and difficult. So for proper treatment, early detection was necessary for reducing death rate and complication in acute febrile illness.
Generating function of multiple polylog of Hurwitz type
Authors: Ihara Kentaro , Kusunoki Yusuke , Nakamura Yayoi , Saeki Hitomi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe introduce interpolated multiple Hurwitz polylogs and interpolated multiple Hurwitz zeta values. In addition, we discuss the generating functions for the sum of the polylogs/zeta values of fixed weight, depth, and all heights. The functions are expressed in terms of generalized hypergeometric functions. Compared with the pioneering results of Ohno and Zagier on the generating function, our setup generalizes the results in three directions, namely, at general heights, with a t-interpolation, and as a Hurwitz type. As an application, by fixing the Hurwitz parameter to rational numbers, the generating functions for multiple zeta values with level are given.
Fermat’s Last Theorem over and
Authors: Chen Imin , Efemwonkieke Aisosa , Sun David 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe prove Fermat’s Last Theorem over
$\mathbb {Q}(\sqrt {5})$
and
$\mathbb {Q}(\sqrt {17})$
for prime exponents
$p \ge 5$
in certain congruence classes modulo
$48$
by using a combination of the modular method and Brauer–Manin obstructions explicitly given by quadratic reciprocity constraints. The reciprocity constraint used to treat the case of
$\mathbb {Q}(\sqrt {5})$
is a generalization to a real quadratic base field of the one used by Chen and Siksek. For the case of
$\mathbb {Q}(\sqrt {17})$
, this is insufficient, and we generalize a reciprocity constraint of Bennett, Chen, Dahmen, and Yazdani using Hilbert symbols from the rational field to certain real quadratic fields.
Community Participation in Habitat Management and Larviciding for the Control of Malaria Vectors in Southern Malawi
Authors: Gowelo Steven , Meijer Paola , Tizifa Tinashe , Malenga Tumaini , Mburu Monicah M. , Kabaghe Alinune N. , Terlouw Dianne J. , van Vugt Michèle , Phiri Kamija S. , Mzilahowa Themba , Koenraadt Constantianus J.M. , van den Berg Henk , Manda-Taylor Lucinda , McCann Robert S. , Takken Willem 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT.
Larval source management (LSM) could reduce malaria transmission when executed alongside core vector control strategies. Involving communities in LSM could increase intervention coverage, reduce operational costs, and promote sustainability via community buy-in. We assessed the effectiveness of community-led LSM to reduce anopheline larval densities in 26 villages along the perimeter of Majete Wildlife Reserve in southern Malawi. The communities formed LSM committees which coordinated LSM activities in their villages following specialized training. Effectiveness of larviciding by LSM committees was assessed via pre- and post-spray larval sampling. The effect of community-led LSM on anopheline larval densities in intervention villages was assessed via comparisons with densities in non-LSM villages over a period of 14 months. Surveys involving 502 respondents were undertaken in intervention villages to explore community motivation and participation, and factors influencing these outcomes. Larviciding by LSM committees reduced anopheline larval densities in post-spray sampling compared with pre-spray sampling (P < 0.0001). No differences were observed between anopheline larval densities during pre-spray sampling in LSM villages and those in non-LSM villages (P = 0.282). Knowledge about vector biology and control, and someone’s role in LSM motivated community participation in the vector control program. Despite reducing anopheline larval densities in LSM villages, the impact of the community-led LSM could not be detected in our study setting because of low mosquito densities after scale-up of core malaria control interventions. Still, the contributions of the intervention in increasing a community’s knowledge of malaria, its risk factors, and its control methods highlight potential benefits of the approach.
Clinical Features of COVID-19, Dengue, and Influenza among Adults Presenting to Emergency Departments and Urgent Care Clinics—Puerto Rico, 2012–2021
Authors: Wong Joshua M. , Volkman Hannah R. , Adams Laura E. , Oliveras García Carene , Martinez-Quiñones Alma , Perez-Padilla Janice , Bertrán-Pasarell Jorge , Sainz de la Peña Diego , Tosado-Acevedo Rafael , Santiago Gilberto A. , Muñoz-Jordán Jorge L. , Torres-Velásquez Brenda C. , Lorenzi Olga , Sánchez-González Liliana , Rivera-Amill Vanessa , Paz-Bailey Gabriela 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT.
Dengue and influenza are pathogens of global concern and cause febrile illness similar to COVID-19. We analyzed data from an enhanced surveillance system operating from three emergency departments and an urgent care clinic in Puerto Rico to identify clinical features predictive of influenza or dengue compared with COVID-19. Participants with fever or respiratory symptoms and aged ≥18 years enrolled May 2012–January 2021 with dengue, influenza, or SARS-CoV-2 confirmed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction were included. We calculated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% CIs using logistic regression to assess clinical characteristics of participants with COVID-19 compared to those with dengue or influenza, adjusting for age, subregion, and days from illness onset to presentation for clinical care. Among 13,431 participants, we identified 2,643 with dengue (N = 303), influenza (N = 2,064), or COVID-19 (N = 276). We found differences in days from onset to presentation among influenza (2 days [interquartile range: 1–3]), dengue (3 days [2–4]), and COVID-19 cases (4 days [2–7]; P < 0.001). Cough (aOR: 0.12 [95% CI: 0.07–0.19]) and shortness of breath (0.18 [0.08–0.44]) were less common in dengue compared with COVID-19. Facial flushing (20.6 [9.8–43.5]) and thrombocytopenia (24.4 [13.3–45.0]) were more common in dengue. Runny nose was more common in influenza compared with COVID-19 (8.3 [5.8–12.1]). In summary, cough, shortness of breath, facial flushing, and thrombocytopenia helped distinguish between dengue and COVID-19. Although few features distinguished influenza from COVID-19, presentation > 4 days after symptom onset suggests COVID-19. These findings may assist clinicians making time-sensitive decisions regarding triage, isolation, and management while awaiting pathogen-specific testing.
Case Report: Simple Nodular Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused by Autochthonous Leishmania (Mundinia) orientalis in an 18-Month-Old Girl: The First Pediatric Case in Thailand and Literature Review
Authors: Anugulruengkitt Suvaporn , Songtaweesin Wipaporn Natalie , Thepnarong Nattawan , Tangthanapalakul Amatanun , Sitthisan Manassaya , Chatproedprai Susheera , Wititsuwannakul Jade , Likitnukul Sasithorn , Jariyapan Narissara , Weedall Gareth D. , Siriyasatien Padet , Preativatanyou Kanok 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT.
We report an autochthonous case of simple, localized cutaneous leishmaniasis in a healthy 18-month-old girl from southern Thailand. The patient presented with a solitary chronic cutaneous nodular lesion on her left cheek for approximately 1 year. Histopathological dissection of the cheek skin biopsy demonstrated remarkably nodular and interstitial infiltrates of lymphocytes and histiocytes full of intracellular oval-shaped amastigotes, consistent with cutaneous leishmaniasis. The Leishmania promastigotes were also cultured successfully from the lesion biopsy and were designated with the WHO code MHOM/TH/2021/CULE5. Using internal transcribed spacer 1-specific polymerase chain reaction, the parasite DNA was demonstrated in both saliva and lesion biopsy. Based on the BLASTn and phylogenetic analysis, the parasite was identified as Leishmania orientalis, clustered in the Mundinia subgenus. The patient responded well to a 6-week course of oral itraconazole, without recurrence. To our knowledge, this is the fourth case of autochthonous leishmaniasis resulting from L. orientalis and the youngest patient of leishmaniasis ever reported in Thailand. More importantly, we also demonstrate the clinical course of the lesion according to the timeline before and after treatment, which can help physicians better understand and provide an accurate diagnosis with appropriate treatment of this emerging parasitic disease.
The Interferences Faced by The EFL Students in Listening Comprehension
Authors: Wahab Isnaeni , Tanasy Novalia 
Published: November 2022

Listening is one of the important skills which must be possessed by the students. But, unfortunately, some students can not cover it in their learning. They found some difficulties during listening. This research aimed to find out the interferences that are faced by the EFL students. This research was qualitative descriptive research. The data is collected from the questionnaires to get the information on students’ difficulties. The data showed that some factors interrupt the learners in listening and they came from internal and external factors. The existing difficulties mostly come from the material given, the second factor comes from the listener and the last factor is related to the physical setting. It is correct that the interferences in listening comprehension faced by students, not only from the listeners themselves but also from content material and surroundings during the listening process. Hence, the students have to find the appropriate way and practice more to improve their listening ability.
Keywords: Listening Comprehension, Difficulties, EFL Students
Contextualisation of Direct Instruction Method in Teaching Reading Comprehension Skills: The Literature Review
Authors: Nuraeni Nuraeni , Aisyah Sitti 
Published: November 2022

Direct Instruction is an approach where a teacher becomes the center of the teaching process. This teaching strategy is suitable to teach reading comprehension skills. In the process of using the Direct Instruction, a teacher needs to apply three basic concepts those are delivery, design, and documentation which means the teacher must prepare a creative lesson plan that can support students to adapt to a new concept during the ongoing process, the teacher must monitor students’ development using assessment. Some studies show that this method is effective by combining strategies or media and it can improve students’ skills. However, criticisms also hit this method. Some scholar proves from their study that this method is not always effective and is used only for students with low-level knowledge.
Keywords: Direct Instruction, Reading Skills, Reading Comprehension
Özel Öğretim Kurumlarında Kurumsallaşmaya İlişkin Okul Müdürlerinin Görüşleri
Authors: UĞUR Ebru , LEVENT Faruk 
Published: November 2022

Amaç: Bu araştırmada, özel öğretim kurumlarında kurumsallaşmaya ilişkin okul müdürlerinin görüşleri incelenmiştir.
Yöntem: Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgubilim deseni kullanılmıştır. Amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden kolayda örnekleme deseni ile belirlenen çalışma grubu, İstanbul ilindeki özel öğretim kurumlarında görev yapan 15 okul müdüründen oluşmuştur. Çalışmanın verileri, yüz yüze görüşme yoluyla ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Araştırmada toplanan veriler, içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir.
Bulgular: Elde edilen bulgulara göre katılımcıların kurumsallaşmayı; kişilerden bağımsız, prosedürlerin, prensiplerin, kuralların ve sınırların belirlenmiş olduğu bir yapı olarak tanımladığı görülmektedir. Katılımcıların çoğunluğu; kurumsallaşmanın sistemliliği, standartlaşmayı ve sürdürülebilirliği amaçladığını belirtmiştir. Ayrıca katılımcılar, kurumsallaşmış bir eğitim kurumunda belli bir duruşun olduğunu, belirsizliğin olmadığı ve gelişime önem verildiğini ifade etmiştir. Katılımcılar kurumsallaşma için belirlenen yol haritasında; hedeflerin ortaya koyulması, ekiplerin oluşturulması ve iş planının yapılmasının altını çizmektedir. Kurumsallaşmanın; devamlılığı sağlaması ve yasal hakların yerine getirilmesi açısından olumlu, esnek olmayan ve mekanik bir yapı oluşturması açısından olumsuz yönleri katılımcılar tarafından ortaya koyulmuştur. Katılımcılar, kurumsallaşmak isteyen eğitim kurumlarına uygun ekiplerin oluşturulmasına önem vermelerini ve danışmanlık hizmeti almalarını önermektedir.
Özgünlük: Literatür incelendiğinde kurumsallaşma konusunda özellikle işletme alanında yerli ve yabancı birçok çalışmanın yapıldığı görülmektedir. Bununla birlikte yurt içinde yapılan çalışmalarda eğitim alanındaki araştırmaların azlığı dikkat çekmektedir. Bu çalışmalarda daha çok eğitimin yükseköğretim kademesi üzerinde durulduğu ve okulu genel olarak ele alan çalışmaların ise sınırlı olduğu söylenebilir. Bu bağlamda özel öğretim kurumlarında kurumsallaşma ile ilgili sorunlara değinen ve bu konuda öneriler sunan bu çalışmanın okullarda kurumsallaşma sürecinin anlaşılması açısından alana katkı sunacağı düşünülmektedir.
Gambaran Compassion (For Others) Remaja Kristen di Jakarta
Authors: Augustinus Hizkia , Ong Joshua , Kirana Kartika C. 
Published: November 2022

This study aims for understanding compassion among Christian adolescents in Jakarta since it interested in the levels to which participants can be compassionate to others. By then, compassion in this study is defined as a sensitivity to suffering in others (engagement) with a commitment to try to alleviate and prevent it (action). The sample consists of 102 Christian adolescents in Jakarta, aged between 16 and 24 years (Mage = 20). Participants were asked to fill out an Indonesian adaptation questionnaire of The Compassion Engagement and Action Scales. The results confirm that compassion levels of Christian adolescents in Jakarta are considerably medium, with a mean value of 70.81. Additional analyses using demographic data and single questions indicated that compassion levels are related to the adolescents’ perception of parental and community compassion, life satisfaction, and birth order.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran compassion (for others) remaja Kristen di Jakarta, yaitu untuk melihat sejauh mana partisipan dapat berperilaku compassionate kepada orang lain. Karena itu, compassion didefinisikan sebagai perasaan tersentuh yang timbul dari kesadaran yang mendalam terhadap penderitaan orang lain (engagement) serta keinginan untuk meringankan penderitaan tersebut (action). Sample dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 102 orang remaja Kristen di Jakarta berusia antara 16 sampai 24 tahun (Mage = 20). Untuk mengukur tingkat compassion, partisipan diminta untuk mengisi kuesioner adaptasi bahasa Indonesia dari The Compassion Engagement and Action Scales. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa tingkat compassion remaja Kristen di Jakarta tergolong menengah, yaitu dengan nilai mean sebesar 70.81. Uji tambahan juga menemukan bahwa compassion remaja terkait dengan penilaian atas besaran compassion orangtua, compassion lingkungan, dan kepuasan hidup, serta bahwa terdapat perbedaan tingkat compassion, khususnya dimensi engagement pada anak sulung dengan anak tunggal maupun anak tengah.
A Miracle at Cana and Christ’s Revelation: An Exegesis on John 2:1-12
Authors: Ruswandi Djenny 
Published: November 2022

Some people see miracles in the biblical narrative just as a part of a mythical story. They are important but not factual. Therefore, the story itself is not historical. One only needs to find some moral lessons from this kind of story. Others see miracles just as miracles. They are needed in times of crisis. No further explanation is needed. However, some others see miracles from a perspective that makes them realize what the message really is. We need to understand a miracle in the biblical narrative recorded in John 12:1-12 with that kind of perspective. Because only by doing that, we can really grasp John’s intention and message implied in the story of the wedding at Cana. This is the goal of this writing. In order to achieve this goal, we will examine John 12:1-12 with a literary approach. We will deal with the authorship and the purpose of the writing of the Gospel of John. We also examine some important words and study the literary context of the text. And lastly, we will highlight some theological points of the text and also look for contemporary messages to our own world. Generally, those points lead us to a very important conclusion that at Cana, Jesus was beginning to reveal who he was to his disciples. He declared by his action that he was the one who was sent by God; he was Christ.AbstrakSebagian orang melihat mujizat-mujizat dalam cerita di Alkitab hanya sebagai satu bagian dari sebuah mitos. Mujizat-mujizat tersebut penting tetapi bukan fakta. Oleh sebab itu, kisah itu sendiri bukanlah sejarah. Seseorang hanya perlu menemukan pesan moral dari model cerita yang demikian. Sementara yang lain melihat mujizat-mujizat hanya sebagai mujizat semata. Mujizat-mujizat tersebut memang dibutuhkan ketika ada krisis. Dan itu tidak memerlukan penjelasan lain. Tetapi, sebagian orang melihat mujizat dengan sudut pandang tertentu yang membuat mereka menyadari apa pesan yang sesungguhnya dari sebuah cerita. Kita harus memahami sebuah mujizat dalam cerita Alkitab yang tercatat di Yohanes 12:1-12 dengan perpektif ini. Karena hanya dengan melakukan hal ini, kita dapat benar-benar meraih maksud dan pesan Yohanes yang tersirat dalam cerita pernikahan di Kana. Ini adalah tujuan dari penulisan artikel ini. Dalam memenuhi tujuan tersebut, kita akan meneliti Yohanes 12:1-12 dengan pendekatan literatur. Kita membahas tentang pengarang dan tujuan penulisan dari Injil Yohanes. Kita juga akan meneliti beberapa kata penting dan mempelajari konteks literatur dari teks tersebut. Lalu akhirnya, kita akan menekankan beberapa poin teologi dari pasal tersebut dan juga mencari pesan yang sesuai untuk masa kini. Secara umum, poin-poin tersebut mengarahkan kita kepada konklusi yang sangat penting bahwa di Kana, Yesus mulai menyatakan siapa diri-Nya kepada murid-murid-Nya. Ia mendeklarasikan diri-Nya dengan tindakan-Nya bahwa Ia diutus Allah; Ia adalah Mesias.