bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social network-based group intervention to promote uptake of cervical cancer screening in Uganda: study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wanyenze Rhoda K. , Matovu Joseph K. B. , Bouskill Kathryn , Juncker Margrethe , Namisango Eve , Nakami Sylvia , Beyeza-Kashesya Jolly , Luyirika Emmanuel , Wagner Glenn J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Cervical cancer (CC) is the most common cancer and accounts for one quarter of all cancer-related deaths among women in Uganda, where lifetime CC screening is estimated to be as low as 5%. This study will evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a social network-based group intervention designed to empower women who have received CC screening to encourage women in their social network to also screen.

Methods
Forty adult women (index participants) who have recently screened for CC will be recruited, 20 of whom will be randomly assigned to take part in the intervention and 20 to the wait-list control. Each index participant will be asked to recruit up to three female social network members (i.e., alters; maximum total = 120 alters) who have not screened for CC to participate in the study. Assessments (survey and chart abstraction) will be administered at baseline and month 6 to index and alter participants. The primary outcome is CC screening among participating alters, with a secondary outcome being engagement in CC prevention advocacy among index participants. Repeated-measure multivariable regression analyses will be conducted to compare outcomes between the intervention and control arms.

Discussion
If successful, this intervention model has the potential not only to impact uptake of CC screening and treatment but also to establish a paradigm that can be applied to other health conditions.

Trial registration
NIH Clinical Trial Registry NCT04960748 (clinicaltrials.gov).
Development of localized interictal epileptiform discharges following vagus nerve stimulation for lennox-gastaut syndrome: a case report
Authors: Qi Renli , Wang Wei , Xu Yaoduan , Shen Zongling , Geng Xin , Li Na , Li Jinghui , Yu Hualin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Lennox-gastaut syndrome (LGS) is an epileptic encephalopathy often associated with behavioral and psychiatric disorders. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has been approved effective for LGS treatment. Surgical resection is also an option for LGS patients with focal pathology, offering a high probability of seizure control. However, it is challenging to accurately localize the seizure focus.

Case presentation
The case presented here is a 19-year-old male with a 16-year history of epilepsy with comorbid severe cognitive and psychiatric disorders. He was diagnosed with LGS due to generalized slow spike-wave discharges and multiple seizure types. He was treated with VNS in 2017 at the age of 15. After that, the frequency of the short tonic seizures decreased from 4–5 times per day to 2–5 times per year, and the generalized tonic–clonic seizure pattern did not recur, which had a frequency of 2–4 times per month before the surgery. In 2019, the generalized abnormal interictal epileptiform discharges changed to be localized in the right frontal–temporal lobe at the age of 17 years (2019).

Conclusions
This case report suggested that the generalized epileptiform discharges evolve into localized discharges after VNS treatment, which may help reveal the primary seizure focus for resection surgery in patients with LGS.
Alternative prognosis of recovery assessment for the hemiparetic limb (APRAHL): a biomarker-free algorithm that predicts recovery potential for stroke patients
Authors: Athanasiadis Dimitrios , Stefas Eleftherios , Protopsaltis Stylianos 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective
Stroke is a significant cause of disability, rendering patients with inability to perform activities of daily living due to lack of functional recovery. Precise prognosis in the early stage after stroke could enable realistic goal-setting and efficient resource allocation. Prediction algorithms have been tested and validated in the past, but they were using neurological biomarkers; thus, they were time-consuming, difficult to apply, expensive, and potentially harmful. The aim of this study was to create a new prediction algorithm that would not utilize any biomarkers.

Methods
A total of 127 stroke patients prospectively enrolled at day 3 after their stroke (mean age: 71, males n: 84, females n: 43). First, a sum of shoulder abduction and finger extension (SAFE) Medical Research Council (MRC) score was graded at day 3. Secondly, a binarized response was marked by the Mobilization and Simulation of Neuromuscular Tissue (MaSoNT) concept’s basic application on the upper limb. Third, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was assessed. All data from the patients were included in a Classification and Regression Tree analysis to predict upper limb function 3 months post-stroke according to the Action Research Arm Test score at week 12.

Results
The Classification And Regression Tree (CART) analysis was performed that combines three different scores in order to predict upper-limb recovery: the SAFE score, MaSoNT’s application response, and the NIHSS. The overall correct prediction of the new algorithm is 69% which is lower than previous algorithms, though not significantly.

Conclusion
This study offers basic data to support the validity of the APRAHL algorithm. The new algorithm is faster and easier, but less accurate. Future studies are needed to create new algorithms that do not involve neurological biomarkers so that they will cost less and be easily applicable by health professionals.
Emergent isotropy of a wave-turbulent cascade in the Gross-Pitaevskii model
Authors: Sano Yuto , Navon Nir , Tsubota Makoto 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The restoration of symmetries is one of the most fascinating properties of turbulence. We report a study of the emergence of isotropy in the Gross-Pitaevskii model with anisotropic forcing. Inspired by recent experiments, we study the dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a cylindrical box driven along the symmetry axis of the trap by a spatially uniform force. We introduce a measure of anisotropy A(k, t) defined on the momentum distributions

, and study the evolution of A(k, t) and

as turbulence proceeds. As the system reaches a steady state, the anisotropy, large at low momenta because of the large-scale forcing, is greatly reduced at high momenta. While

exhibits a self-similar cascade front propagation, A(k, t) decreases without such self-similar dynamics. Finally, our numerical calculations show that the isotropy of the steady state is robust with respect to the amplitude of the drive.
Trajectory of massive particles around a static black hole in f(R) gravity
Authors: Mandal Surajit 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we investigated the trajectory of the massive particle in the vicinity of a general spherical symmetric black hole. Also, in the framework of general sphericalily symmetric black hole, pseudo-Newtonian potential (PNP) and effective potentials have been investigated. As an example, static spherically symmetric black hole in f(R) gravity is considered and a brief discussion on the structure of spacetime and horizons is presented. We calculated energy and angular momentum in the framework of general relativity as well as in pseudo-Newtonian theory. A graphical comparison of angular momentum in both these frameworks has been studied.
Association of Type 2 Diabetes Subgroups With Cognitive Status Without Modification From Lifestyle Intervention
Authors: Bancks Michael P , Lovato James , Balasubramanyam Ashok , Coday Mace , Johnson Karen C , Munshi Medha , Rebello Candida , Wagenknecht Lynne E , Espeland Mark A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Context
Type 2 diabetes is a risk factor for incident dementia but whether risk and treatment/prevention strategies differ by diabetes subgroup is unknown.

Objective
We assessed (1) whether specific type 2 diabetes (T2D) subgroups are associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or probable dementia (PD), and (2) whether T2D subgroups modified the association of the Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) multidomain intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) with MCI/PD.

Methods
We included 3760 Look AHEAD participants with T2D and overweight or obesity randomly assigned to 10 years of ILI or diabetes support and education. We used k-means clustering techniques with data on age of diabetes diagnosis, body mass index, waist circumference, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) to characterize diabetes subgroups at randomization. Prevalent MCI/PD were centrally adjudicated based on standardized cognitive tests and other health information 10 to 13 years after randomization. We estimated marginal probabilities for prevalent MCI/PD among T2D subgroups with adjustment for potential confounders and attrition and examined whether ILI modified any associations.

Results
Four distinct T2D subgroups were identified, characterized by older age at diabetes onset (43% of sample), high HbA1c (13%), severe obesity (23%), and younger age at onset (22%). Unadjusted prevalence of MCI/PD (314 cases, 8.4%) differed across T2D subgroup (older onset = 10.5%, severe obesity = 9.0%, high HbA1c = 7.9%, and younger onset = 4.0%). Adjusted probability for MCI/PD within T2D subgroup was highest for the severe obesity subgroup and lowest for the younger onset subgroup but did not differ by ILI arm (interaction P value = 0.84).

Conclusions
Among individuals with T2D and overweight or obesity, probability of MCI/PD differed by T2D subgroup. Probability of MCI/PD was highest for a subgroup characterized by severe obesity.

Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier
NCT00017953
Macrophage-Orbital Fibroblast Interaction and Hypoxia Promote Inflammation and Adipogenesis in Graves’ Orbitopathy
Authors: Görtz Gina-Eva , Philipp Svenja , Bruderek Kirsten , Jesenek Christoph , Horstmann Mareike , Henning Yoshiyuki , Oeverhaus Michael , Daser Anke , Bechrakis Nikolaos E , Eckstein Anja , Brandau Sven , Berchner-Pfannschmidt Utta 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The inflammatory eye disease Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) is the main complication of autoimmune Graves’ disease. In previous studies we have shown that hypoxia plays an important role for progression of GO. Hypoxia can maintain inflammation by attracting inflammatory cells such as macrophages (MQ). Herein, we investigated the interaction of MQ and orbital fibroblasts (OF) in context of inflammation and hypoxia. We detected elevated levels of the hypoxia marker HIF-1α, the MQ marker CD68, and inflammatory cytokines TNFα, CCL2, CCL5, and CCL20 in GO biopsies. Hypoxia stimulated GO tissues to release TNFα, CCL2, and CCL20 as measured by multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Further, TNFα and hypoxia stimulated the expression of HIF-1α, CCL2, CCL5, and CCL20 in OF derived from GO tissues. Immunofluorescence confirmed that TNFα-positive MQ were present in the GO tissues. Thus, interaction of M1-MQ with OF under hypoxia also induced HIF-1α, CCL2, and CCL20 in OF. Inflammatory inhibitors etanercept or dexamethasone prevented the induction of HIF-1α and release of CCL2 and CCL20. Moreover, co-culture of M1-MQ/OF under hypoxia enhanced adipogenic differentiation and adiponectin secretion. Dexamethasone and HIF-1α inhibitor PX-478 reduced this effect. Our findings indicate that GO fat tissues are characterized by an inflammatory and hypoxic milieu where TNFα-positive MQ are present. Hypoxia and interaction of M1-MQ with OF led to enhanced secretion of chemokines, elevated hypoxic signaling, and adipogenesis. In consequence, M1-MQ/OF interaction results in constant inflammation and tissue remodeling. A combination of anti-inflammatory treatment and HIF-1α reduction could be an effective treatment option.
Ants prefer the option they are trained to first
Authors: Oberhauser Felix B. , Bogenberger Katharina , Czaczkes Tomer J. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
The temporal order in which experiences occur can have a profound influence on their salience. Humans and other vertebrates usually memorise the first and last items of a list most readily. Studies on serial position learning in insects, mainly in bees, showed preference for last encountered items. In bees, pheromone presence can also influence motivation, and thus learning. However, neither serial position learning nor the effect of recruitment pheromones on learning have been well investigated in ants. We trained Lasius niger ants to make multiple visits to sucrose on a runway which alternated between lemon or rosemary odour, and the presence or absence of trail pheromone, and then tested for preference between the odours on a Y-maze, in order to investigate the effect of pheromone presence on learning. Pheromone presence did not affect ant choice. However, unexpectedly, the ants strongly preferred the first odour encountered. This was explored by the addition of a familiarisation visit without pheromone or odour. The familiarisation visit disabled or reversed this preference for the first odour encountered, with ants now mostly taking their ‘default’ preference by choosing the left side of the maze. Our study found no effect of trail pheromone on learning, but a strong yet fragile preference for the first odour experienced. These different preferences could lead to spatial segregation of foraging activity depending on prior experience and might facilitate efficient resource exploitation by colonies.
The contraction–expansion behaviour in the demosponge Tethya wilhelma is light controlled and follows a diurnal rhythm
Authors: Flensburg Sarah B. , Garm Anders , Funch Peter 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Sponges (phylum Porifera) are metazoans which lack muscles and nerve cells, yet perform coordinated behaviours such as whole-body contractions. Previous studies indicate diurnal variability in both the number of contractions and the expression of circadian clock genes. Here, we show that diurnal patterns are present in the contraction–expansion behaviour of the demosponge Tethya wilhelma, by using infrared videography and a simulated night/day cycle including sunrise and sunset mimics. In addition, we show that this behaviour is at least strongly influenced by ambient light intensity and therefore indicates light-sensing capabilities in this sponge species. This is supported by our finding that T. wilhelma consistently contracts at sunrise, and that this pattern disappears both when the sponge is kept in constant darkness and when it is in constant light.
Case Report: Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis led by empagliflozin: A case report and literature review
Authors: Balan Irina , Ganapathiraju V Lakshmi N  Priyanka , Dirisanala Sudha , Taj Shafaq , Vekaria Pratikkumar 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are a new class of medications that have been approved for the treatment of heart failure (HF) in patients with and without type-2 diabetes mellitus. It is important to be aware of the likely side effects of SGLT2i for their optimal use and enhanced patient safety. One such rare but potential side effect is the development of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (EDKA). Objective: We present a case report of EDKA, in a patient who was started on empagliflozin – one of the SGLT2i – highlighting its presenting signs and symptoms, pertinent laboratory findings, differential diagnosis, treatment and outcome. To strengthen our findings and hypothesis, we conducted a literature review of other cases that used SGLT2i and found similar complications. This case report with review can help recognize the serious, potentially life-threatening complications of the new class of medication SGLT2i that has been incorporated into the current practice, and also help to take appropriate steps to mitigate its adverse effects and improve overall health outcomes in our patients. Conclusions: SGLT2i are increasingly used because of their favorable effects on mortality in the chronic HF patients along with its benefits of weight loss and blood pressure reduction. A potential underdiagnosed adverse effect of SGLT2i use is diabetic ketoacidosis in a setting of normal blood glucose levels. Thus, it is reasonable to be cognizant of its side effects to prevent any untoward events in a timely manner.
The genome sequence of the apple, Malus domestica (Suckow) Borkh., 1803
Authors: Könyves Kálmán , Mian Sahr , Johns Jennifer ,   Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh Genome Acquisition Lab,   Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective, Ruhsam Markus , Leitch Ilia J. ,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: December 2022

We present genome assemblies from four Malus domestica cultivars (the apple; Streptophyta; Magnoliopsida; Rosales; Rosaceae). The genome sequences are 643–653 megabases in span. The greater part of each assembly length (99.24–99.74%) is scaffolded into 17 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genomes were also assembled and are 400 kilobases and 167 kilobases in length respectively.
Interpersonal Intellectual Virtues
Authors: Vanney Claudia E. , Aguinalde Sáenz J. Ignacio 
Published: December 2022

Due to the hyperspecialization so prevalent nowadays, interdisciplinary research is a demanding kind of epistemic activity. The concept of intellectual virtue as presented by responsibilist approaches of virtue epistemology could offer an effective counterweight to this challenge but raises the question of what epistemic virtues are necessary for interdisciplinarity.
Based on a qualitative study, we identify and heuristically conceptualize a relevant subset of epistemic virtues required by interdisciplinarity that we call interpersonal intellectual virtues. These virtues are personal character traits that facilitate the reciprocal acquisition and distribution of knowledge with and through other people. By their very nature, they are only exercised in an interpersonal relationship that seeks an epistemic good, so in some sense, they are at the intersection of social virtues and intellectual virtues.
We use Jason Baehr’s four-dimensional proposal for the essential components of intellectual virtues (motivational, affective, skill, and judgment) to show that these interpersonal traits are indeed epistemic virtues. Some examples of interpersonal intellectual virtues are intellectual empathy, intellectual respect, and intellectual trust, among others. Intellectual empathy is a paradigmatic case that we analyze in more detail.
Finally, we suggest that interpersonal intellectual virtues are the key character traits of people involved in any successful collective epistemic endeavor, interdisciplinary research being a privileged context in which we can clearly see their manifestation.
SANÇÕES TRIBUTÁRIAS: FUNDAMENTOS E APLICABILIDADE À LUZ DOS PRINCÍPIOS CONSTITUCIONAIS
Authors: Gimenes Nilson Roberto da Silva 
Published: December 2022

Este artigo examina os fundamentos das sanções tributárias, cuja razão de existência tem relação necessária com a disciplina legal das obrigações tributárias, e também analisa os princípios constitucionais que auxiliam o intérprete do Direito (em especial o princípio da proporcionalidade), para, finalmente, através do estudo de casos práticos, evidenciar como se pode fazer uma correta aplicação das normas jurídicas nesse campo para que sejam evitados abusos contra os direitos fundamentais dos sujeitos passivos da relação jurídica tributária.
Phlebological compression bandaging competence: comparing performance of nurses before and after one-off training
Authors: Protz Kerstin , Dissemond Joachim , Augustin Matthias , Maria Janke Toni 
Published: December 2022

Objectives: To investigate the differences in applying phlebological compression bandaging (PCB) in nurses before and after one-off training, and to compare the performance of subgroups. Methods: Participants received training teaching the correct application of PCB. Participants' competence was measured using the newly developed control score of compression bandaging (CCB score) before and after training, one and three months later. Subgroup analyses compared participants (work setting, wound certification, PCBs applied per week). Results: In total, 47 participants took part (mean age 40.7 years, 85.1% female, 59.6% outpatient nurses, 59.6% >10 years' working experience, 55.3% with a wound certificate). The CCB score improved after training. In all subgroups, the score differed significantly over time (p≤0.002 in all cases) except for participants applying the highest number of PCBs (p=0.241). In hospital-based participants, the CCB score three months after training was considerably, but non-significantly, higher than before training (2.84 versus 4.21, respectively; p=0.068). In participants working in outpatient settings, with and without a wound certificate, and applying a low (<5) and medium (5–10) number of PCBs per week, the CCB score remained significantly higher than before training (p≤0.011 in all cases). Conclusion: All subgroups benefited from training, mostly significantly, and maintained gains in competence for three months. Frequently applying these skills may improve performance. Previously published results showed that ideal pressure-related parameters are rarely achieved. Regular training should be offered, including the use of pressure-measuring devices, allowing nurses to gain experience and develop deeper understanding of correct PCB application.
Recovery of performance and persistent symptoms in athletes after COVID-19
Authors: Vollrath Shirin , Bizjak Daniel Alexander , Zorn Jule , Matits Lynn , Jerg Achim , Munk Moritz , Schulz Sebastian Viktor Waldemar , Kirsten Johannes , Schellenberg Jana , Steinacker Jürgen Michael 
Published: December 2022

Introduction
After the acute Sars-CoV-2-infection, some athletes suffer from persistent, performance-impairing symptoms, although the course of the disease is often mild to moderate. The relation between cardiopulmonary performance and persistent symptoms after the acute period is still unclear. In addition, information about the development of this relationship is lacking.

Objective
To assess the prevalence of persistent symptoms over time and their association with the performance capability of athletes.

Methods
We conducted two cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPET) in a three months interval with 60 athletes (age: 35.2±12.1 years, 56.7% male) after infection with Sars-CoV-2 (t0: study inclusion; t1: three months post t0). At each examination, athletes were asked about their persistent symptoms. To evaluate the change of Peak VO2/BM (Body Mass) between the time before infection and the first examination, the VO2/BM (predVO2) before infection was predicted based on anthropometric data and exercise history of the athletes. For data analysis, athletes were grouped according to their symptom status (symptom-free, SF; persistent symptoms, PS) and its progression from the first to the second examination 1) SF-SF, 2) PS-SF and 3) PS-PS.

Results
Comparing the SF and PS groups at t0, significant differences for Max Power/BM, Max Power/lbm (lean body mass), Peak VO2, Peak VO2/BM, Peak VO2/lbm, Peak VO2/HR, Peak VE, Peak Vt and VE/VCO2-Slope were observed. Regarding the progression over three months, an increase in Max Power/BM was shown in SF-SF and PS-SF (tendency). Max Power/lbm increased in SF-SF and PS-PS (tendency). A decrease of VE/VCO2-Slope in PS-PS was found.

Conclusion
COVID-19 led to a decline in performance that was greater in PS than in SF. Additionally, PS had decreased ventilatory parameters compared to SF. Furthermore, an improvement over time was observed in some CPET parameters and a partial recovery was observed judging by the decrease in various symptoms.