bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CARACTERÍSTICAS DE UM MERCADO DE TRABALHO E PARTICIPAÇÃO DO GRUPO FAMILIAR
Authors: Guimarães Iracema Brandão 
Published: August 2022

O trabalho procura situar as relações entre a urbanização, a proletarização e o tamanho e composição das famílias, interpretando-as em função das configurações do mercado de trabalho baiano. As articulações entre o tamanho da família e a economia de subsistência são substituídas por novas articulações entre os encargos da reprodução, o número de componentes e os determinantes sócio-culturais relacionados ao ciclo vital familiar, o que corresponde a um padrão de organização marcado pela redução do número de componentes, a participação de outros membros no mercado de trabalho e modificações na realização das tarefas necessárias à reprodução da vida imediata. Dentro desse quadro, o crescimento do emprego verificado na Bahia torna-se predominante entre os chefes de família e está associado a um aumento da freqüência de famílias pequenas, presentes em frações do proletariado urbano, cuja constituição recente incorpora uma força de trabalho relativamente jovem e que se encontra em etapas iniciais do ciclo de constituição das famílias. Ao lado disso, as famílias maiores são localizadas de modo predominante entre chefes de família que exercem atividades autônomas e encontram-se em faixas etárias mais avançadas. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH:http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br
Em torno à noção de indivíduo no Homo Hierarquicus de Louis Dumont
Authors: Agostinho Pedro 
Published: August 2022

No pensamento antropológico de Louis Dumont é central a oposição entre sociedades que define como holístico-hierárquicas e individualístico-igualitárias, quando consideradas em seu nível ideológico. Como exemplos extremos aponta a sociedade hindu, que ele mesmo descreve, e a norte-americana, que Alexis de Toqueville descreveu. Nesse contexto, a noção de indivíduo é fundamental. Discute-se aqui, formalizando-a, a questão do indivíduo e sua emergência na Índia e no Ocidente de influência iluminista. Around the notion of the individual in the Homo Hierarquicus of Louis Dumont. Pedro Agostinho In the anthropological thinking of Louis Dumont the opposition betwen holistic-hierarcnical and individualistic-equalitarian societies is central if they are considered at their ideological level. Polar examples are, according to Dumont, the Hindu an the North American societies. In his argument, the individual is one of his most important concepts. This paper argues here, with a formal approach, the problem of the individual and its emegence in India and in the iluminism-infiuenced West. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH:http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br
Ultralow‐Power and Radiation‐Tolerant Complementary Metal‐Oxide‐Semiconductor Electronics Utilizing Enhancement‐Mode Carbon Nanotube Transistors on Paper Substrates
Authors: Wang Xin , Zhu Maguang , Li Xiaoqian , Qin Zongze , Lu Guanghao , Zhao Jianwen , Zhang Zhiyong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe development of eco‐friendly, ultralow‐power and easy‐to‐process electronics is facing dominant challenges in emerging off‐the‐grid applications, such as the Internet of Things (IoTs) and extreme environment explorations at the south/north pole, in the deep sea, and in outer space. Eco‐friendly, biodegradable, lightweight, and flexible paper‐based electronics can provide many new possibilities for next‐generation devices and circuits. Here, enhancement‐mode (E‐mode, remaining off state at zero gate voltages) carbon nanotube (CNT) complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) thin‐film transistors (TFTs) are built on paper substrates through a printing‐based process. Benefitting from the CMOS circuit style and E‐mode transistors, the fabricated CMOS inverters exhibit high voltage gains (more than 11) and noise margins (up to 75% 1/2 VDD at VDD of 0.4 V), and rail‐to‐rail operation down to a VDD as low as 0.2 V and record low power dissipation as low as 0.0124 pW μm−1. Furthermore, the transistors and integrated circuits (ICs) show an excellent radiation tolerance of a total ionizing dose (TID) exceeding 2 Mrad with a high dose rate of 365 rad s−1. The record power consumption and outstanding radiation tolerance behavior achieved in paper‐based and easy‐to‐process CNT electronics are attractive for emerging energy‐saving and environmentally friendly ICs in harsh environment (such as outer‐space) applications.
Laser‐induced Modifiable Dual‐wavelength Emissions from Lead Halide Perovskite Alloy Microcrystal
Authors: Wu Yu , Shen Xia , Lv Qihang , Yang Qian , Liu Da , Shan Zhaohui , Guo Pengfei , Ho Johnny C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDue to the tunable bandgaps, high quantum efficiency, and long carrier diffusion length, perovskites have attracted significant attention as active materials for solar cells, nanoscale lasers, photodetectors, and light‐emitting diodes. Herein, laser‐induced dual‐wavelength emissions from the CsPbBr3xI3(1–x) perovskite alloy microcrystals are reported. Under a 375 nm laser illumination, the micro‐photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra of these microcrystals exhibit two emission bands at 570 and 690 nm with gradually increased and decreased PL intensity, respectively. Moreover, the time‐dependent emission wavelength of the two emission bands almost has no changes, while the PL intensity of both emission bands shows periodic fluctuations with the on–off switching of excitation light. This dual‐wavelength emission phenomenon suggests that phase segregation occurs in these perovskite microcrystals during laser illumination. These results would provide valuable design guidelines for perovskites‐based tunable nanophotonic devices and multi‐color displays.
Effect of Nitrogen Species in Graphite Carbon Nitride on Hydrogen Peroxide Production
Authors: Yang Zhaojing , Zhang Chengxu , Mei Yunjie , Zhang Yue , Feng Yuebin , Shao Minhua , Hu Jue 
Published: August 2022

AbstractElectrochemical oxygen reduction for producing clean hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a promising alternative approach to the industrial anthraquinone method. At present, the most pressing challenge is the development of oxygen reduction electrocatalysts with sufficient activity, stability, and 2e− pathway selectivity. Here, the electrocatalytic properties of a series of graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) catalysts with different concentrations of nitrogen species (CNC and N(C)3) are explored for H2O2 production. Electrochemical studies show that the selectivity of g‐C3N4 for hydrogen peroxide generation in alkaline electrolytes reaches ≈90%. To explain the observed results, the structure, composition, and physical and chemical properties of g‐C3N4 catalysts synthesized from different precursors are compared with their electrocatalytic performance. This research contributes to the discovery and design of a high‐performance nitrogen‐doped carbon catalysts for the production of hydrogen peroxide.
Green and continuous microflow synthesis of fluorescent carbon quantum dots for bio‐imaging application
Authors: Lin Liangliang , Xia Yuan , Wen Hongyu , Lu Wentong , Li Ziyang , Xu Hujun , Zhou Juan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this work, a simple, continuous and completely green method based on microflow technique is demonstrated for the synthesis of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) from diverse bio‐based precursors. CQDs prepared from milk is illustrated as a case study to show the process feasibility. Crystalline fluorescent CQDs of 12.53% quantum yield and good stability are synthesized by the approach, even at 120°C. Systematic experiments further suggest their optical properties, bandgap energy, and fluorescence lifetime are closely related to the synthesis temperature. The maximum production rate of the CQDs was 51.1 mg/h at 180°C. Cytotoxicity and cellular imaging tests against 3T3 cells reveal the CQDs possess high biocompatibility, and can penetrate cell membranes and display bright fluorescence. The process versatility is investigated by expanding the precursor to watermelon juice, orange juice, and soy milk, indicating successful synthesis of small‐sized CQDs of low cytotoxicity and strong photoluminescence by the technique.
Survival following an out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest in Japan in 2020 versus 2019 according to the cause
Authors: Hosomi Sanae , Zha Ling , Kiyohara Kosuke , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Irisawa Taro , Ogura Hiroshi , Oda Jun 
Published: August 2022

AimThe coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic has led to an increase in out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) and mortality. However, there has been no reports in Japan using nationwide registry data. We compared survival among patients with OHCAs and detailed information on the cause during the COVID‐19 pandemic (2020), and during the pre‐pandemic period (2019).MethodsUsing a Japanese population‐based retrospective cohort study design, we analyzed registry data on 39,324 and 39,170 patients with OHCAs in 2019 and 2020, respectively. We compared patient outcomes in 2019 and 2020 using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses.ResultsThe proportion of OHCAs of cardiac origin increased significantly from 61.6% in 2019 to 62.7% in 2020 (P = 0.001). The use of bystander CPR (6.9% versus 5.7%, P < 0.001) and publicaccess automated external defibrillator pads (3.7% versus 3.0%, P < 0.001) decreased significantly from 2019 to 2020. The 1‐month survival for OHCA of cardiac origin (12.1% versus 10.7%; adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.87–1.00), asphyxia (10.9% versus 8.8%; adjusted OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.70–0.92), and external causes (adjusted OR 0.66; 95% CI 0.46–0.96), also decreased significantly from 2019 to 2020.ConclusionsIn Japan, the 1‐month survival after OHCA of cardiac origin, or due to asphyxia or external causes, decreased significantly during the COVID‐19 pandemic period.
Management of Orofacial Manifestations of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Interdisciplinary Consensus‐Based Recommendations
Authors: Stoustrup Peter , Resnick Cory M. , Abramowicz Shelly , Pedersen Thomas K. , Michelotti Ambra , Küseler Annelise , Koos Bernd , Verna Carlalberta , Nordal Ellen B. , Granquist Eric J. , Halbig Josefine Mareile , Kristensen Kasper D. , Kaban Leonard B. , Arvidsson Linda Z. , Spiegel Lynn , Stoll Matthew L. , Lerman Melissa A. , Glerup Mia , Defabianis Patrizia , Frid Paula , Alstergren Per , Cron Randy Q. , Ringold Sarah , Nørholt Sven Erik , Peltomaki Timo , Larheim Tore A. , Herlin Troels , Peacock Zachary S. , Kellenberger Christian J. , Twilt Marinka ,   the Temporomandibular Joint Juvenile Arthritis Working Group
Published: August 2022

Involvement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is common in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). TMJ arthritis can lead to orofacial symptoms, orofacial dysfunction, and dentofacial deformity with negative impact on quality of life. Management involves interdisciplinary collaboration. No current recommendations exist to guide clinical management. We undertook this study to develop consensus‐based interdisciplinary recommendations for management of orofacial manifestations of JIA, and to create a future research agenda related to management of TMJ arthritis in children with JIA. Recommendations were developed using online surveying of relevant stakeholders, systematic literature review, evidence‐informed generation of recommendations during 2 consensus meetings, and Delphi study iterations involving external experts. The process included disciplines involved in the care of orofacial manifestations of JIA: pediatric rheumatology, radiology, orthodontics, oral and maxillofacial surgery, orofacial pain specialists, and pediatric dentistry. Recommendations were accepted if agreement was >80% during a final Delphi study. Three overarching management principles and 12 recommendations for interdisciplinary management of orofacial manifestations of JIA were outlined. The 12 recommendations pertained to diagnosis (n = 4), treatment of TMJ arthritis (active TMJ inflammation) (n = 2), treatment of TMJ dysfunction and symptoms (n = 3), treatment of arthritis‐related dentofacial deformity (n = 2), and other aspects related to JIA (n = 1). Additionally, a future interdisciplinary research agenda was developed. These are the first interdisciplinary recommendations to guide clinical management of TMJ JIA. The 3 overarching principles and 12 recommendations fill an important gap in current clinical practice. They emphasize the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to diagnosis and management of orofacial manifestations of JIA.
Accumulation of manganese oxides in biological activated carbon filters: Implications for biodegradation studies
Authors: Bernstein Daniel R. , Glasgow Graeme D. E. , Lay Mark C. , Manley‐Harris Merilyn 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA comparison of granular and biological activated carbon (GAC and BAC) media used for drinking water treatment was made to assess differences in surface elemental composition. Fresh GAC, recently commissioned GAC and end‐of‐service life BAC from a water treatment plant in New Zealand were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS). Imaging revealed dense microbial colonization of the BAC surface compared to GAC media, and a mineralized surface layer high in manganese and oxygen. ICP‐MS analysis also confirmed high levels of Mn in the BAC media relative to GAC media. As many bacterial species known to colonize BAC filters are also known as Mn oxidizers, this suggests a biogenic origin of the Mn‐oxide deposition on the BAC surface. Given the properties of Mn‐oxides, they may be implicated in the mechanism by which bacteria capture and metabolize substrates in BAC filters.
Selectivity and kinetic modeling of penicillin G acylase variants for the synthesis of cephalexin under a broad range of substrate concentrations
Authors: Harris Patrick R. , Grover Martha A. , Rousseau Ronald W. , Bommarius Andreas S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe kinetics of cephalexin synthesis and hydrolysis of the activated acyl‐donor precursor phenylglycine methyl ester (PGME) were characterized under a broad range of substrate concentrations. A previously developed model by Youshko‐Svedas involving the formation of the acyl‐enzyme complex followed by binding of the nucleophilic β‐lactam donor does not fully estimate the maximum reaction yields for cephalexin synthesis at different concentrations using initial‐rate data. 7‐aminodesacetoxycephalosporanic acid (7‐ADCA) was discovered to be a potent inhibitor of cephalexin hydrolysis, which may account for the deviation from model predictions. Three kinetic models were compared for cephalexin synthesis, with the model incorporating competitive inhibition due to 7‐ADCA yielding the best fit. Additionally, the βF24A variant and Assemblase® did not exhibit significantly different kinetics for the synthesis of cephalexin compared to the wild‐type, for the concentration range evaluated and for both initial‐rate experiments and time‐course synthesis experiments. Lastly, a continuous stirred‐tank reactor for cephalexin synthesis was simulated using the model incorporating competitive inhibition by 7‐ADCA, with clear tradeoffs observed between productivity, fractional yield, and PGME conversion.
Hydrogen sulfide‐activatable fluorescence turn‐on azide‐containing naphthalimide derivative
Authors: Yoo Song Yi , Gopala Lavanya , Kang Chulhun , Lee Min Hee 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHydrogen sulfide (H2S) acts as a crucial biological and environmental component in a variety of processes. Abnormal levels of H2S endogenously generated in human body are associated with various diseases. Meanwhile, H2S gas leaked from various manufacturing environments has a fatal effect against the human body. For this reason, H2S has been considered as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of various human diseases, and as a toxic gas that should be detected when leaked to the workplace for the safety of workers. In this study, we synthesized an azide‐containing naphthalimide derivative that can play as a fluorescence turn‐on probe for H2S.
The effect of group assertive training on the self‐esteem and quality of life in the spouses of drug‐abusing patients
Authors: Kazemi Seyed Amir Hossein , Yasouj Farshad Faramarzyan , Beigirad Alireza , Memar Fatemeh Zahra , Khodabandehlou Seyedeh Khadijeh , Rafie Mohsen , Narimani Mohammad 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to examine the effect of group assertive training on self‐esteem and quality of life among spouses of drug‐abusing patients.MethodsThis randomized clinical trial assignment study with a control group. The statistical population included all spouses of drug users referring to private addiction treatment centers in Tehran‐Iran in 2020 and the sample included 50 spouses of drug users who were selected by simple random sampling from among the volunteers. They were randomly divided into two groups control and experimental, each group consisting of 25 people.ResultsThe results of data analysis showed that group assertive training increased self‐esteem and quality of life in spouses of drug‐abusing patients in the experimental group compared to the witness group (p < .001).ConclusionAs a result, group assertive training is effective in increasing the self‐esteem and quality of life among the spouses of drug‐abusing patients.
Health‐related quality of life in stage III‐IV melanoma treated with targeted therapy or immunotherapy: A systematic review on the adequacy of reporting and clinical issues in phase III randomized controlled trials
Authors: Chen Chen , Wang Zehua , Qin Yan‐Ru 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCutaneous melanoma represents around over 90% of all melanoma. With more effective treatments able to extend patients' survival, health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) is increasingly becoming an important endpoint in cancer clinical trials. They are often secondary outcomes measured in phase III randomized controlled trials and their implementation, collection, analysis, and reporting can be challenging methodologically. For these reasons, an increasing number of international recommendations introduced the standards regarding the conduct of HRQOL. In this systematic review, we appraise the adequacy of HRQOL reporting in phase III randomized controlled trials of stage III‐IV cutaneous melanoma and the clinical issues of immunotherapy and small‐molecular‐targeted therapy on HRQOL. Our search strategy totally got 55 articles, and only 13 studies met all inclusion criteria. Findings suggest that most treatments did not yield significant improvements in HRQOL but kept baseline levels, accompanied by prolonged survival and acceptable toxicity. Except for some existing limitations, reporting of HRQOL has made encouraging progress during the period covered by our search, but some aspects still need further optimization.
Anoikis in cancer: The role of lipid signaling
Authors: Raeisi Mortaza , Zehtabi Mojtaba , Velaei Kobra , Fayyazpour Parisa , Aghaei Negar , Mehdizadeh Amir 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMalignantly transformed cells must alter their metabolic status to stay viable in a harsh microenvironment and maintain their ability to invade and spread. Anoikis, a specific detachment‐related form of apoptotic cell death, is a potential barrier to cancer cell metastasis. Several molecular/pathway alterations have been implicated in preventing anoikis in metastatic cancers. Specific alterations in the lipid metabolism machinery (such as an increase in fatty acid uptake and synthesis) and modifications in the carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism are partially identified mechanisms associated with the anoikis resistance in various types of cancers, among other survival benefits. Following a summary of the molecular basis of the anoikis pathway, its resistance mechanisms, and the fundamentals of lipid metabolism in cancer, this article aims to elucidate the impact of lipid metabolism deviations recruited by cancer cells to escape anoikis.
Oxidative Cleavage of Vicinal Diols Catalyzed by Monomeric Fe‐Sites Inside MFI Zeolite
Authors: Treu Philipp , Sarma Bidyut Bikash , Grunwaldt Jan‐Dierk , Saraçi Erisa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe oxidative cleavage of vicinal diols to carboxylic acids was investigated over heterogeneous Fe/MFI catalysts in aqueous medium, with green oxidant H2O2 and in mild reaction conditions. High conversions and selectivities (X=90 %, S=79 %) were achieved for the oxidative cleavage of ethylene glycol. Further substrates were also tested broadening the relevance of this catalyst. The employment of non‐noble and abundant Fe as the active metal and the MFI‐type zeolite as support has a clear advantage over the presently used homogeneous or noble metal‐based catalysts. A combination of complementary characterisation techniques with catalytic results is used to show that monomeric Fe species inside zeolite MFI are the active sites for the oxidative cleavage of C−C bonds of vicinal diols. The recyclability of the catalyst and reaction mechanism were also studied.
Comparative Studies of Oxygen‐Free Semiconductors in Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction and Alcohol Degradation
Authors: Lorenz Felix , Moustakas Nikolaos G. , Peppel Tim , Strunk Jennifer 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCommercially available α‐SiC, β‐SiC, GaN, ZnTe and self‐synthesized g‐C3N4 were investigated in a comparative study regarding their photocatalytic capabilities in CO2 reduction and alcohol degradation. Under reproducible high‐purity solid‐gas conditions none of the tested materials promoted CO2 reduction using H2O as proton donor, although TiO2 P25 has been shown to produce significant amounts of CH4 under similar conditions. Replacing H2O with 2‐propanol led to hydrocarbon formation which could solely be attributed to alcohol degradation while no CO2 reduction took place.