bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated Quadrant Analysis: A New Method for Analyzing Turbulent Coherent Structures
Authors: Mangan Mary Rose , Oldroyd Holly J. , Paw U Kyaw Tha , Clay Jenae’ M. , Drake Stephen A. , Kelley Jason , Suvočarev Kosana 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntegrated quadrant analysis is a novel technique to identify and to characterize the trajectory and strength of turbulent coherent structures in the atmospheric surface layer. By integrating the three-dimensional velocity field characterized by traditional quadrant analysis with respect to time, the trajectory history of individual coherent structures can be preserved with Eulerian turbulence measurements. We develop a method to identify the ejection phase of coherent structures based on turbulence kinetic energy (TKE). Identifying coherent structures within a time series using TKE performs better than identifying them with the streamwise and vertical velocity components because some coherent structures are dominated by the cross-stream velocity component as they pass the sensor. By combining this identification method with the integrated quadrant analysis, one can animate or plot the trajectory of individual coherent structures from high-frequency velocity measurements. This procedure links a coherent ejection with the subsequent sweep and quiescent period in time to visualize and quantify the strength and the duration of a coherent structure. We develop and verify the method of integrated quadrant analysis with data from two field studies: the Eclipse Boundary Layer Experiment (EBLE) in Corvallis, Oregon in August 2017 (grass field) and the Vertical Cherry Array Experiment (VACE) in Linden, California in November 2019 (cherry orchard). The combined TKE identification method and integrated quadrant analysis are promising additions to conditional sampling techniques and coherent structure characterization because the identify coherent structures and couple the sweep and ejection components in space. In an orchard (VACE), integrated quadrant analysis verifies each coherent structure is dominated by a sweep. Conversely, above the roughness sublayer (EBLE), each coherent structure is dominated by an ejection.
Characterizing experiences of non-medical switching to trastuzumab biosimilars using data from internet-based surveys with US-based oncologists and breast cancer patients
Authors: Papautsky Elizabeth Lerner , Carlson Martha , Johnson Sheila M. , Montague Hannah , Attai Deanna J. , Lustberg Maryam B. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To characterize current experiences with communication and decision-making practices when non-medical switching to a biosimilar trastuzumab is proposed or required by cancer center or insurer.

Methods
We developed and launched 60- and 51-item internet surveys to elicit US breast cancer patient and medical oncologist lived experiences with trastuzumab biosimilars and patient information needs and seeking practices. We recruited participants using social media and administered via REDCap in 2020–2021.

Results
143 breast cancer patients and 33 medical oncologists completed the surveys. 63.9% patients reported having switched to a trastuzumab biosimilar and 40.8% reported receiving no prior notification about switching. 44% of patients reported learning about biosimilars primarily through self-directed learning and 41% wanting more time to discuss with oncologist. None of the oncologists reported that the decision to switch a patient to a biosimilar was initiated by them, but rather more frequently by the insurer (45.2%). About 54.8% reported not receiving any pharmaceutical manufacturer material related to the selected biosimilar. Patients and oncologists diverged in their responses to items regarding patient opportunities to ask questions, adequacy of resources, effectiveness of treatment, patient worry, and magnitude of change.

Conclusion
There is a need for tailored and effective patient and oncologist information and education on trastuzumab biosimilars, along with improved healthcare communication regarding switching. The discrepancy between patient-reported experiences and oncologist perceptions of the patient experience, suggests a lack of adequate information that may be a challenge not only to the uptake of trastuzumab biosimilars, but to the patient-oncologist relationship.
Child’s Play: Examining the Association Between Time Spent Playing and Child Mental Health
Authors: Dodd Helen F. , Nesbit Rachel J. , FitzGibbon Lily 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIt is theorised that adventurous play offers learning opportunities that help to prevent mental health problems in children. In this study, data from two samples is used to examine associations between the time that children aged 5–11 years spent playing adventurously and their mental health. For comparison, time spent playing unadventurously and time spent playing outdoors are also examined. Study 1 includes a sample of 417 parents, Study 2 includes data from a nationally representative sample of 1919 parents. Small, significant associations between adventurous play and internalising problems, as well as positive affect during the first UK-wide Covid-19 lockdown, were found; children who spend more time playing adventurously had fewer internalising problems and more positive affect during the Covid-19 lockdown. Study 2 showed that these associations were stronger for children from lower income families than for children from higher income families. The results align with theoretical hypotheses about adventurous play.
The performance effects of international study placements versus work placements
Authors: Jones Chris , Wang Yuan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTo be competitive, universities across the world are embedding an international perspective into every layer of an institution’s operational structure. For higher education (HE) providers that offer sandwich degrees (4-year undergraduate courses with a compulsory placement after the second year), this allows students to choose a range of options. Students can enter the labour market for one year, or they can go overseas to study at a foreign institution. For some students, it might even be possible to do both. However, regarding final year degree performance, which option leads to higher student performance? In this paper, we aim to shed light on this empirical question. Our results are drawn from Aston University (UK) which is a world-leading University in Advanced Technology. Overall, using a large student dataset, we find that for students who have a compulsory placement built into their degree programme, the work placement has a more powerful impact on student performance compared to an international study placement abroad. Our findings have important implications for universities across the world that offer sandwich degrees to their students.
From Unobservable to Observable: Scientific Realism and the Discovery of Radium
Authors: Allzén Simon 
Published: May 2022

AbstractI explore the process of changes in the observability of entities and objects in science and how such changes impact two key issues in the scientific realism debate: the claim that predictively successful elements of past science are retained in current scientific theories, and the inductive defense of a specific version of inference to the best explanation with respect to unobservables. I provide a case-study of the discovery of radium by Marie Curie in order to show that the observability of some entities can change and that such changes are relevant for arguments seeking to establish the reliability of success-to-truth inferences with respect to unobservables.
Numerical Calculation of the Thermodynamic Properties of Silver Erbium Alloys for Use in Metallic Magnetic Calorimeters
Authors: Herbst Matthew , Barth Arnulf , Fleischmann Andreas , Gastaldo Loredana , Hengstler Daniel , Kovac Neven , Mantegazzini Federica , Reifenberger Andreas , Enss Christian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractUsing dilute silver erbium alloys as a paramagnetic temperature sensor in metallic magnetic calorimeters (MMCs) has the advantage of the host material not having a nuclear quadrupole moment, in contrast to the alternative of using gold erbium alloys. We present numerical calculations of the specific heat and magnetization of Ag:Er, which are necessary for designing and optimizing MMCs using this type of alloy as sensor material. The parameter ranges we consider are temperatures between $$1\,{\text {{mK}}}$$

1

mK

and $$1\,{\text {{K}}}$$

1

K

, external magnetic fields of up to $$20\,{\text {{mT}}}$$

20

mT

, and erbium concentrations of up to $$2000\,{\text {{ppm}}}$$

2000

ppm

. The system is dominated by an interplay of crystal field effects, Zeeman splitting, and the RKKY interaction between erbium ions, with certain specific constellations of erbium ions having noticeable effects on the specific heat. Increasing the external magnetic field or assuming a decreased strength of the RKKY interaction leads to a higher magnetization and a narrowing of the main Schottky peak, while changes in the erbium concentration can be well described by parameter scaling.
Ductal Carcinoma in Situ: Molecular Changes Accompanying Disease Progression
Authors: Wilson Gemma M. , Dinh Phuong , Pathmanathan Nirmala , Graham J. Dinny 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDuctal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a non-obligate precursor of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), whereby if left untreated, approximately 12% of patients develop invasive disease. The current standard of care is surgical removal of the lesion, to prevent potential progression, and radiotherapy to reduce risk of recurrence. There is substantial overtreatment of DCIS patients, considering not all DCIS lesions progress to invasive disease. Hence, there is a critical imperative to better predict which DCIS lesions are destined for poor outcome and which are not, allowing for tailored treatment. Active surveillance is currently being trialed as an alternative management practice, but this approach relies on accurately identifying cases that are at low risk of progression to invasive disease. Two DCIS-specific genomic profiling assays that attempt to distinguish low and high-risk patients have emerged, but imperfections in risk stratification coupled with a high price tag warrant the continued search for more robust and accessible prognostic biomarkers. This search has largely turned researchers toward the tumor microenvironment. Recent evidence suggests that a spectrum of cell types within the DCIS microenvironment are genetically and phenotypically altered compared to normal tissue and play critical roles in disease progression. Uncovering the molecular mechanisms contributing to DCIS progression has provided optimism for the search for well-validated prognostic biomarkers that can accurately predict the risk for a patient developing IDC. The discovery of such markers would modernize DCIS management and allow tailored treatment plans. This review will summarize the current literature regarding DCIS diagnosis, treatment, and pathology.
Tracing the origins of incunabula through the automatic identification of fonts in digitised documents
Authors: Lacasta Javier , Nogueras-Iso Javier , Zarazaga-Soria F. Javier , Pedraza-Gracia Manuel-José 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIncunabulaare the texts printed mainly during the second half of 15th century that are a key cultural element in a revolutionary period of the history and evolution of the book and the printing. In these books, the identification of their origin largely affects its academic, cultural, patrimonial, and economical value. This paper proposes a process to automate the identification of the origin of a digitised incunable document using the Proctor/Haebler method, a commonly established procedure in the field. This process has been validated with a selected dataset obtained from the incunabula collection at the digital repository of the University of Zaragoza.
Oxyprenylated secondary metabolites: a survey of their innovative extraction methodologies
Authors: Fiorito Serena , Collevecchio Chiara , Epifano Francesco , Genovese Salvatore , Palumbo Lucia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOxyprenylated secondary metabolites of plant, fungal, and microbial origin have emerged as biologically active natural compounds with a great potential for the next future. While originally obtained from the respective sources merely by conventional techniques of the phytochemical practice like maceration, percolation, and Soxhlet extractions, during the last five years novel and alternative experimental protocols to get such chemicals in higher yields and purity degree and/or in form of enriched phytopreparations have been developed. Such new processes include ultrasounds and microwaves assisted extractions, use of auxiliary agents like deep eutectic solvents and QuEChERS, employment of novel extractive solvents like supercritical CO2 and subcritical butane, accelerated solvent extractions, and finally extractions in the heterogeneous phase using solid supports. All these new methodologies proved to be very powerful and efficient in terms of yields and selectivity in concentrating classes of secondary metabolites from the respective matrices, comparing favorably to the already and widespread “classic” extraction techniques. All the developed processes can be framed in a green chemical context stating the employment of nontoxic, non-pollutant, environmentally friend, recyclable, easy to handle and to store solvents and reagents. The aim of this review article is to make a detailed survey of these alternative extraction processes for oxyprenylated secondary metabolites providing not only the most relevant examples of the recent literature, but also concrete suggestions and addresses to accomplish future research activities in the same field.
On the possibilities of presenting the research performance of an institute over a long period of time: the case of the Institute of Information Science at the University of Graz in Austria
Authors: Reichmann Gerhard , Schlögl Christian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we demonstrate how the research performance of a university institute (department) over a long period of time can be presented and evaluated. Using the example of an information science institute at a German-speaking university, namely the (former) Institute of Information Science at the University of Graz in Austria, we present the research performance of this institute over the entire duration of its existence (33 years) in different ways. In order to be able to contextualize its performance, we compare it with that of some related institutions from all over the world. Due to the high effort involved in collecting data and the lack of data availability, the comparison must be limited to a period of a few years and—with regard to the institutions from non-German-speaking countries—to the Web of Science as data source. In this international comparison, the institute in the focus of the study shows relatively poor results. As can be seen, the choice of the data source has a major influence on the evaluation results. Especially for institutes from non-English-speaking countries with publications in their respective national languages, an exclusive use of international databases, such as Web of Science or Scopus, cannot fully consider the whole research performance. The use of personal publication lists or local research databases seems almost indispensable in these cases. A major novelty of this article is the handling of a very long evaluation period and the discussion of different ways of subdividing it. With regard to the presentation of the results, in the case of a long observation period, not only should annual and overall results be presented, but also multi-year comparisons be performed. In this way, year-by-year fluctuations can be smoothed out, and longer-term developments can be well represented.
The Theological Philosophy of William Temple: A Desire Argument and a Compassionate Theodicy
Authors: Phillips Rory Lawrence 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, I will investigate the early work of William Temple (1881–1944). My contention is that Temple’s systematic philosophy contains resources for an interesting variant of a desire argument for God’s existence and for the truth of Christianity. This desire argument moves from claims about the nature of human reason to the conditions for its satisfaction and how that satisfaction might be achieved. In constructing this argument, Temple confronts the problem of evil, and so I will also outline his response to the problem here. Temple is often overlooked in histories of philosophy, though he was conversant with philosophical classics, including Plato, Aristotle, Kant, Hegel, and Lotze, and, to list a few of the contemporaries or near-contemporaries: Balfour, Haldane, F. H. Bradley, A. C. Bradley, Moore, Bosanquet, Joachim, and Croce. He also acknowledges, in the preface to his main philosophical work Mens Creatrix, a special debt to Bergson, but also signals distance from him in the same place. Temple presents an interesting case of a philosopher and theologian (most of his books are a mixture of the two, some being more predominantly one or the other) because of his commitment to philosophical system in the midst of early analytic philosophy.
Inflammasomes and the IL-1 Family in Bone Homeostasis and Disease
Authors: Tseng Hsu-Wen , Samuel Selwin Gabriel , Schroder Kate , Lévesque Jean-Pierre , Alexander Kylie A 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurpose of ReviewInflammasomes are multimeric protein structures with crucial roles in host responses against infections and injuries. The importance of inflammasome activation goes beyond host defense as a dysregulated inflammasome and subsequent secretion of IL-1 family members is believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases, some of which also produce skeletal manifestations. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent developments in the understanding of inflammasome regulation and IL-1 family members in bone physiology and pathology and current therapeutics will be discussed.Recent FindingsSmall animal models have been vital to help understand how the inflammasome regulates bone dynamics. Animal models with gain or loss of function in various inflammasome components or IL-1 family signaling have illustrated how these systems can impact numerous bone pathologies and have been utilized to test new inflammasome therapeutics.SummaryIt is increasingly clear that a tightly regulated inflammasome is required not only for host defense but for skeletal homeostasis, as a dysregulated inflammasome is linked to diseases of pathological bone accrual and loss. Given the complexities of inflammasome activation and redundancies in IL-1 activation and secretion, targeting these pathways is at times challenging. Ongoing research into inflammasome-mediated mechanisms will allow the development of new therapeutics for inflammasome/IL-1 diseases.
Impact of Phytase Treatment and Calcium Addition on Gelation of a Protein-Enriched Rapeseed Fraction
Authors: Silventoinen Pia , Kortekangas Anni , Nordlund Emilia , Sozer Nesli 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRapeseed press cake was upcycled as a protein-enriched ingredient through dry fractionation. The protein-enriched fraction contained higher amounts of phytic acid compared to press cake, and phytase treatment was applied to decrease the phytic acid content from 6.8 to 0.5%. The effect of phytase treatment leading to the release of cations was also mimicked by extrinsic calcium addition. Both phytase treatment and calcium addition significantly improved the heat-induced gel properties but had a minor effect on protein solubility and dispersion stability at pH 8. Water and protein holding capacities of the gels were the highest for the phytase-treated sample (91 and 97%, respectively), followed by the sample with added calcium (86 and 94%, respectively) and control sample (60 and 86%, respectively). Gel firmness followed the same pattern. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed an interconnected structured network in the phytase-treated gel, while in the control gel, a more rigid and open structure was observed. The improved gelation properties resulting from the phytase treatment suggest that the protein and soluble dietary fibre-enriched rapeseed press cake ingredient serve as a promising raw material for gelled food systems. The positive effect of calcium addition on gel properties proposes that part of the improvement observed after phytase treatment may be caused by cations released from phytate.
SUMO1 Modification of Tau in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
Authors: Takamura Hironori , Nakayama Yoshiaki , Ito Hidefumi , Katayama Taiichi , Fraser Paul E. , Matsuzaki Shinsuke 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSmall ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMO) have been implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases. SUMO1 conjugation has been shown to promote aggregation and regulate phosphorylation of the tau protein linked to Alzheimer’s disease and related tauopathies. The current study has demonstrated that SUMO1 co-localizes with intraneuronal tau inclusions in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Immunoprecipitation of isolated and solubilized tau fibrils from PSP tissues revealed SUMO1 conjugation to a cleaved and N-terminally truncated tau. The effects of SUMOylation were examined using tau-SUMO fusion proteins which showed a higher propensity for tau oligomerization of PSP-truncated tau and accumulation on microtubules as compared to the full-length protein. This was found to be specific for SUMO1 as the corresponding SUMO2 fusion protein did not display a significantly altered cytoplasmic distribution or aggregation of tau. Blocking proteasome-mediated degradation promoted the aggregation of the tau fusion proteins with the greatest effect observed for truncated tau-SUMO1. The SUMO1 modification of the truncated tau in PSP may represent a detrimental event that promotes aggregation and impedes the ability of cells to remove the resulting protein deposits. This combination of tau truncation and SUMO1 modification may be a contributing factor in PSP pathogenesis.