bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lifesaving Skills Training in Schools – A Qualitative study to explore students, teachers, and parent's perceived opportunities and challenges
Authors: Shaukat Natasha , Ali Daniyal Mansoor , Jaffer Mehtab , Jarrar Zeerak , Ashraf Naela , Hassan Sheza , Daudpota Ali Azim , Qadir Muskaan Abdul , Khowaja Aly Hamza , Razzak Junaid 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to explore the perception of teachers, parents and students’ regarding implementation of a school-based lifesaving skills program and help predict potential barriers and solutions. MethodsThis qualitative exploratory study was conducted in Karachi, Pakistan, from December 2020- to October 2021. We included students, teachers, and parents of secondary (grades VIII, IX, and X) and higher secondary level students (grades XI and XII) in Karachi, Pakistan's public and private schools and colleges. We selected one public, two semi-private, and two private schools. We recruited students, teachers, and parents through convenience sampling. We conducted fifteen focus group discussions (FGDs) with the students, six FGDs with the teachers, and eighteen in-depth interviews (IDIs) with parents. We transcribed the data from audio recordings and translated it into the English language. Finally, we manually analyzed the data using thematic analyses.ResultsThis study found that bystanders' main barriers to performing lifesaving skills are lack of knowledge, fear of legal involvement, fear of hurting the patient by incorrect technique, lack of empathy among community stakeholders, and gender bias. The participants had a positive and supportive attitude toward implementing lifesaving skills training in schools. They suggested starting student training in the early teenage years, preferred medical staff as trainers, and suggested frequent small sessions in English/Urdu both or Urdu language and training via theory and practical hands-on drills. Furthermore, it was proposed that the training be integrated into the school curriculum to make it sustainable. Finally, the government needs to support the program and make the legal environment more conducive for the bystanders.ConclusionThis study identified the significant barriers to performing lifesaving skills in an emergency in a low- and middle-income country (lmic). The participants showed support for implementing a national lifesaving skills program in schools and colleges. However, the participants expressed that support is needed by the government for sustainability, integrating the lifesaving skills into the school curriculum, providing legal support to the bystanders, and creating awareness among the general public.
Embedding perception: how changes in manufacturing can influence visual and tactile preferences
Authors: Urquhart Lewis , Wodehouse Andrew 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper explores how small-but–detectable changes in manufacturing protocol can alter interactive preferences for users. Building on a number of previous studies by the authors, this paper focuses on the manufacture of a set of emotionally attuned pattern-based surface texture designs utilising computer-numerically controlled (CNC) machining. An experiment is subsequently reported that explores how the variations in rastering approach can affect the visual and tactile qualities of the textures in relation to psychological preferences. The implications with respect to human-centred design (HCD) and manufacturing protocol more broadly are subsequently discussed with recommendations for a reconfiguration of computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) approaches.
Development and validation of inferiority-compensation scale among high school students
Authors: Yang Di , Qiu Baiyang , Jiang Jin , Xia Youkui , Li Lingxiao , Li Yanting , Luo Longli , Liu Xiaocui , Meng Jing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
An increasing numbers of high school students are inflicted by different degrees of mental disorders in learning, such as moodiness, learning difficulties, test anxiety, difficult to cope with frustration, etc., which are one of the factors leading to inferiority of students. In this study, the initial questionnaire of inferiority compensation for high school students was formed through literature searching, expert evaluation, interviews and open questionnaires. 1187 high school students were tested in different periods, including 461 copies of valid questionnaires of exploratory factor analysis in the first stage and 643 copies of valid questionnaires of confirmatory factor analysis in the second stage. The results showed that the inferiority compensation questionnaire for high school students consisted of two sub-questionnaires: self-compensation and others-compensation, and which two were both composed of five dimensions including academic performance, physical fitness, social communication, appearance and self-esteem. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the total questionnaire and the two sub-questionnaires all had good structural validity, and the combined reliability and values (such as the correlation coefficient of each dimension) of the two sub-questionnaires were within the ideal range. With good reliability and validity, and meeting the requirements of psychometrics, the questionnaire can be used in the relevant research and practice of inferiority compensation for high school students.
Optimizing Fault Detection for Big Data Analytics Through Evolutionary Computation
Authors: P Jothi , Dwivedi Mona 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Intelligent fault detection is promising to deal with big data due to its ability in rapidly and efficiently processing collected signals and providing accurate detection results. In traditional fault detection methods, however, the features are manually extracted depending on prior knowledge and diagnostic expertise, such processes take advantage of human ingenuity but are time-consuming. Inspired by the idea of unsupervised feature learning artificial intelligence techniques are used to learn features from the raw data. As the dimensionality increases, the accuracy of fault identification methods implemented on big data decreases significantly. For supervised learning, large volume of data is needed which leads to high cost and time consuming. In this paper, an unsupervised learning approach is proposed based on weighted softmax regression for fault detection using the power signals. Fault prediction has become an important subject in recent years, as it helps businesses to make significant savings in time and expense by offering successful methods for predictive maintenance. Pre-processing of data was a complicated job to overcome many problems with the dataset, including scale, sparsity, distortion, burst effects and confidence. As pre-monitor signals for failure did not share standard patterns, but were characterized only as non-normal system signals, a predictive error was made using outlier detection. Faults were explained by displaying system characteristics with abnormal values. An experimental assessment was conducted to determine the quality of the solution proposed. Results indicate that high-grade outliers provide successful markers of initial failures. In addition, explanations about irregular characteristic values (responsible for oversight) seem rather expressive. Based on the sliding window technique, the method to detect errors in high dimensional data streams is applied to an on-line mode. The online extension can be adapted to the time changing behaviour of the controlled system by experiments on synthetic datasets and is therefore applicable to the dynamic error detection. To assess the suggested strategy, we contrasted it with engineered data sets created utilizing the LOF (online expansion), SVDD, and KPCA approaches getting more than 90% result. The data exhibit our methodology's accomplishment as far as perfection, productivity, and strength.
Forest Fire Susceptibility Mapping of West Sikkim District, India using MCDA techniques of AHP &amp; TOPSIS model
Authors: Naskar Suvankar , Rahaman Aneesah , Biswas Brototi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Forest fire poses major environmental hazard, to the extent of sometimes permanently damaging the forest ecology. The potential of human to repair nature is hampered by the extension of human domination into forests, which results in the loss of forest land. While human expansion cannot be stopped, we must accept responsibility for the consequences and thus work to minimize such environmental hazards emanating from such calamities. RS and GIS have proved to be useful techniques for such studies. The goal of the current study is to identify the most vulnerable forest fire zones in the West Sikkim district falling within the state of Sikkim (India) during 2004–2021. Various thematic layers (LULC and topographical factors) were created using Landsat 8 OLI and ASTER DEM. For the final forest fire susceptibility zone (FFSZ) map, climate variables such as precipitation, temperature, humidity, and wind speed were also used. The authors employed the MCDM techniques of AHP and TOPSIS to determine the areas which are most vulnerable to wildfires in the research area. 194 wildfire locations, as obtained from Sikkim State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA) were used for the classification. The FFSZ were classified as “very high, high, medium, low, and very low vulnerability zones” based on their fire vulnerability. The areas under “Very high Susceptibility Zone” of AHP and TOPSIS were 152.331 km2 and 348.499 km2 respectively whereas the areas under “Very Low Susceptibility Zone” were 115.351 km2 and 139.436 km2 in the results of AHP and TOPSIS respectively. To check the accuracy of the FFSZ susceptibility maps obtained from the two modeling techniques, the same were confirmed by using (Receiver Operating Characteristics) ROC curves. Result indicates that the TOPSIS model (AUC = 82.28%) is slightly better at determining the vulnerable zones than the AHP method (AUC = 72.25%). Use of Geo-spatial technology can be an effective tool for delineating forest fire-prone areas of West Sikkim district. A fire risk map is useful for preventing possible tragedies by allowing and planning of enough fire-fighting infrastructures in areas vulnerable to fire damage.
Comparison of wrist actimetry variables of paretic upper limb use in post stroke patients for ecological monitoring
Authors: Dusfour Gilles , Mottet Denis , Muthalib Makii , Laffont Isabelle , Bakhti Karima K.A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
BackgroundTo date, many wrist actimetric variables dedicated to measuring the upper limbs (UL) in post-stroke patients have been developed but very few comparisons have been made between them. The objective of this study was to compare different actimetric variables of the ULs between a stroke and healthy population. MethodsAccelerometers were worn continuously for a period of 7 days on both wrists of 19 post-stroke hemiparetic patients as well as 11 healthy subjects. Various wrist actimetry variables were calculated, including the Jerk ratio 50 (JR50, cumulative probability that the Jerk Ratio is between 1 and 2), absolute (FU30) and relative (FUR30) amounts of functional use of movements of the ULs with angular amplitude greater than 30°, and absolute (UH) and relative (UHR) use hours. ResultsFU30, FUR30, UH, UHR and JR50 of the paretic UL of stroke patients were significantly lower than in the non-dominant UL of healthy subjects. For stroke patients, FUR30 was significantly lower than UHR and JR50, suggesting a more clinically sensitive variable to monitor. In an exploratory analysis, FUR tends to decrease with angular range of motion for stroke patients while it remains stable and close to 1 for healthy subjects. UHR, FUR30 and JR50 show linear correlation with Fugl-Meyer score (FM), with r² equal to 0.53, 0.35 and 0.21 respectively.ConclusionThis study determined that the FUR30 variable provides the most sensitive clinical biomarker of paretic UL use, and that FUR - angular range of motion relationship allows the identification of the UL behaviour of each patient. This ecological information on the level of functional use of the paretic UL can be used to improve follow-up and develop patient-specific therapy.
Water-insoluble and soluble glucuronoxylans from Eucalyptus pulp and their behaviors in alkaline pulping
Authors: Luo Min , Tian Shenlong , Lan Xingyu , Fu Shiyu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Hemicellulose plays a versatile role in plant cell wall by linking cellulose and lignin or impeding lignin removal from sustainable cellulosic fibers. Herein, hemicellulose fractions (glucuronoxylans) from Eucalyptus pulps under various cooking degree were extracted by potassium hydroxide solution and purified with ethanol. The glucuronoxylans are divided into water-insoluble (GXI) and -soluble (GXS) fractions. The release or degradation behavior of glycosylated side-chain of hemicellulose in alkaline pulping was explored according to the separate discussion of GXI and GXS, and take consideration of the effect of extraction temperature on polysaccharide degradation. The major difference is that GXI is constructed of basically straight xylan chain with high linearity, and GXS contains multi-branches xylan chain. The harsher cooking conditions with higher H factor and alkaline-extraction with higher temperature significantly influenced the composition and structure, leading more glycosyl side chains removal. Higher content glucuronic acid (6.04–11.26%) in GXS, which may relate to high branch on xylans and great solubility, while less of glucuronic acid (MeGlcA, 2.28–5.48%) in GXI was accounting for the poor solubility. The conversion of MeGlcA to hexenuronic acid (HexA) is significant during pulping, which may affect the subsequently bleaching. The glycosyl contents and structure of the two fractions extracted from pulps with different cooking degrees (corresponding to H factors 317, 586 and 904) showed that the HexA converted by MeGlcA in GXI was retained during cooking, while that in GXS was easier to be degraded in pulping process.
Analysis and Design of Sub-6 Beam Steerable Antenna Array Using Meta-material Loaded Vivaldi Elements.
Authors: khairy A. , Elboushi A. , Shaalan A. A. , Ahmed M. F. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
in this paper, a sub-6 beam-steerable antenna array system is introduced. The main radiating element in the proposed array is a gain-enhanced Vivaldi antenna, whose overall realized gain is improved by introducing near-zero-index metamaterial [NZIM] with broadband characteristics at 3.6 GHz. The proposed system is intended to be integrated with fifth-generation (5G) automotive applications. The 4x4 butler matrix is resonating at 3.6 GHz to feed the designed antenna array elements and steer the radiating beam, which is suitable for automotive applications. All the system components, including antenna elements and the [4x4] butler matrix, are designed, simulated, and optimized by using CSTMWS 2020 and HFSS. In order to verify the proposed design, the system is fabricated using the photolithographic technique. The experimental results show very good agreement with the simulated ones. The NZIM-loaded antenna element achieves a -10 dB bandwidth of 2.9 GHz, while the overall array system achieves a 600 MHz bandwidth. The steered beam of the proposed system has an overall realized gain of 11.2 dB and covers an angle from 45o to 135o.
The chlorophyll content and structure can be regulated by long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase, BnLACS9, by stimulating triacylglycerol metabolism in Brassica napus
Authors: Zhu Keming , Li Nannan , Zhen Xiangfeng , Gao Yue , Ding Peng , Sarwar Rehman , Li Yulong , Tan Xiaoli L 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background Chlorophyll is a very important pigment involved in photosynthesis, while plant Acyl-CoA biosynthesis is derived from plastid-localized fatty acids (FAs). Until now, the regulation of Acyl-CoA pathway for chlorophyll biosynthesis is still unknown. ResultsHere, we identified a Long-chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase (LACS) gene BnLACS9 from Brassica napus. BnLACS9 complemented a LACS-deficient yeast strain YB525, which indicated BnLACS9 have the LACS function. BnLACS9 was localized in chloroplast outer envelope (OE), while mainly expressed in young leaves and flowers. Overexpression of BnLACS9 in Nicotiana benthamiana lead to the contents of total CoA and MGDG increased significantly. In B. napus with overexpression of BnLACS9, the number of the chloroplast grana lamellae and the content of chlorophyll, as well as the MGDG and DGDG contents, were all increased compared to wide-type. The net photosynthetic rate, dry weight of the whole plant and oil content of seeds were significantly increased accompanied by the increased of chlorophyll content. Transcriptome analysis revealed that overexpression of BnLACS9 upgraded the pathway of acyl-CoA biosynthesis and further upgraded the enzymes in glycolipids synthesis pathway, while acyl-CoA was the substrate for glycolipids synthesis. The increased glycolipids, especially MGDG and DGDG, accelerated the formation of the chloroplast grana lamellae, which increased the number of chloroplast thylakoid grana lamella and further leading to increased chlorophyll content. ConclusionIn the present study, we demonstrated that BnLACS9 played a crutial role in glycolipids and chlorophyll biosynthesis in B. napus. The result also provides a new direction and basis theoretical for the improvement of agronomic traits of plants.
Optimum CORS Network Design for Geodetic Applications in Ethiopia
Authors: Ayele Natnael Agegnehu , Gedamu Andenet Ashagrie 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The establishment of the Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) network as a national positioning service enables high precision in surveying, mapping, and navigation applications, thanks to developments in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technology. In this study, we determined the best CORS network site in Ethiopia by taking into account aspects such as accessibility, internet coverage, and network geometry. We chose an excellent location for Ethiopia out of 228 options based on these parameters. The CORS network's performance was validated by using a network of triangles as a reference station and a virtual reference station (VRS) within the triangles. To validate the performance of the selected networks, simultaneous GNSS observations are conducted on the reference and VRS stations. The idea of VRS generated GNSS observation data utilizing reference station observation data and the location of VRS station using Wav2 Software. For observations based on genuine and created data, we compared the precise coordinates of the VRS station.The comparison showed a standard deviation of 0.65 cm and 2.7 cm in the horizontal and up directions. Therefore, this CORS network design can be used for different applications with 3D accuracy less than 3 cm.
Sequentially fermentation of traditional Chinese medicine by Pichia kudriavzevii and bifidobacteria for Skin Care Function
Authors: Wanshu Pan , Yinglong Dai , Wei Zhang , Fangqi Yuan , Xiaoping Jian , Fangyong Fan , Ling You 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In order to explore the feasibility on Skin Care Function of fermentative traditional Chinese medicine, Pichia kudriavzevii strains isolated from Strong-flavor baijiu grains were used to ferment food homologous traditional Chinese medicine with the assistance of bifidobacterial. In the present study, we analyzed 16 Pichia kudriavzevii strains and 13 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines. Firstly, 9 Chinese herbal medicines were selected according the growth of bifidobacteria in the broth of 13 Chinese herbal medicines; then 9 Pichia kudriavzevii strains that could promote the growth of bifidobacteria were screened by the method of sequential fermentation in the 9 Chinese herbal medicines; after that, 9 Pichia kudriavzevii strains and bifidobacteria sequentially fermented the broth composed of the above 9 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine according to different formulas, and the moisture residual rate, hydroxyl radical scavenging rate and tyrosinase inhibition rate of the broth were detected to evaluate its skin care function. Better skin care function was found in the sequentially fermented broth of No.3 composed of Rhodiola, Raspberry, Bletilla striata, Atractylodes by YB07 and bifidobacterial, which displayed the moisture residual rate of 6.36%, the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate of 83.95% and the tyrosinase inhibition rate of 60.3%. Proteomic analysis by LC-MS showed this broth contained 99 active peptides (＜1000 Da) in skin lotion. 24h skin patch and 30-day skin safety test preliminarily revealed the safety of the fermentation broth as skin care products. This study provides a new perspective of food homologous traditional Chinese medicine for skin care products.
Role of Nanocellulose in Tailoring Electroanalytical Performance of Hybrid Nanocellulose / Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Electrodes
Authors: Durairaj Vasuki , Liljeström Touko , Wester Niklas , Engelhardt Peter , Sainio Sami , Wilson Benjamin P. , Li Panpan , Kontturi Katri S. , Tammelin Tekla , Laurila Tomi , Koskinen Jari 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Nanocellulose has emerged as a promising green dispersant for carbon nanotubes (CNT), and there is an increasing trend in developing nanocellulose / CNT hybrid materials for electrochemical detection of various small molecules. However, there have been very few comprehensive studies investigating the role of nanocellulosic material properties upon the electroanalytical performance of the resultant hybrid electrodes. In this work, we demonstrate the influence of both nanocellulose functionalization and geometry, utilizing sulfated cellulose nanocrystals (SCNC), sulfated cellulose nanofibers (SCNF), and TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCNF). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) tomography enables direct visualization of the effect of nanocellulosic materials on the hybrid architectures. High resolution X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) verifies that the chemical nature of CNT in the different hybrids is unmodified. Electroanalytical performances of the different nanocellulose / CNT hybrid electrodes are critically evaluated using physiologically relevant biomolecules with different charge such as, dopamine (cationic), paracetamol (neutral), and uric acid (anionic). The hybrid electrode containing fibrillar nanocellulose geometry with a high degree of sulfate group functionalization provides the highest electroanalytical sensitivity and strongest enrichment towards all studied analytes. These results clearly demonstrate for the first time, the extent of tailorability upon the electroanalytical response of nanocellulose / CNT hybrid electrodes towards different biomolecules, offered simply by the choice of nanocellulosic materials.