bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pollen morphology of some species in family Amaranthaceae from Thailand
Authors: SAENSOUK SURAPON , SAENSOUK PIYAPORN 
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Saensouk S, Saensouk P. 2021. Pollen morphology of some species in family Amaranthaceae from Thailand. Biodiversitas 23: 601-611. The aim of this study was to study the pollen morphology of 14 species, eight genera from the family Amaranthaceae in Thailand by the applied acetolysis method and it was taken under light and scanning electron microcopies. All pollen grains had monad, radial symmetry and apolar. The pollens in this study can be divided into several groups based on shape, size, aperture, mesoporia, the character of aperture, and exine sculpturing. The sizes of the pollen can be divided into three groups, i.e., very small pollen group, small pollen group, and medium pollen group. The shapes of the pollen can be divided into three groups, i.e., spheroidal, pentagon, and dodecahedric. Exine sculpturing can be divided into three groups, i.e., granular, macrogranular, and microspine. The pollen in this study can be divided into five groups based on the character of the aperture, i.e., aperture with convex circular-like shape, aperture with deeply collapsed circular-like shape, aperture with collapsed circular-like shape, aperture with collapsed pentagon-like shape, and 6-angular element or hexagon-like shape. The pollen in this study can be divided into three groups based on the mesoporia, i.e., mesoporia broadly flat, mesoporia moderately and broadly vaulted, and mesoporia narrow and highly vaulted. The number of apertures was found to be between 12-54 apertures per pollen. The aperture diameters of Amaranthaceae pollen in this study ranged from 0.5-5 µm. The exine thickness of the pollen in this study was 1.12±0.04 - 2.14±0.31 µm. The pollen character of this study can be divided into eight types, i.e., Achyranthes-type, Alternanthera-type, Amaranthus-type, Celosia-type, Cyathula-type, Gomphrena-type, Ouret-type, and Psilotrichum-type. The pollen characteristic of Alternanthera pungens Kunth, A. Sessilis (L.) R. BR., Amaranthus blitum subsp. oleraceus (L.) Costea, Cyathula prostrate (L.) Blume., Ouret sanguinolenta (L.) Kuntze, and Psilotrichum ferrugineum (Roxb.) Voigt were reported for the first time.
Real-time correction of image rotation with adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy
Authors: Hu Xinqi , Yang Qiang 
Published: August 2022

Fixational eye motion includes typical translation and torsion. In the registration of images from adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO), image rotation due to eye torsion and/or head rotation is often ignored because (a) the amount of rotation is trivial compared to translation within a short duration of imaging or recording time and (b) computational cost increases substantially when the registration algorithm involves simultaneous detection of rotation and translation. However, it becomes critically important under cases such as long exposure, functional measurements, and precise motion tracking. We developed a fast method to detect and correct rotation from AOSLO images, together with the detection of strip-level motion translation. The computational cost for rotation detection and correction alone is about 5 ms/frame (

512

×

512

pixels) on an nVidia GTX960M GPU. Image quality is compared with and without rotation correction from 10 healthy human subjects and 8 diseased eyes with a total of 180 videos. The results show that residual image motions between the reference images and the registered images with rotation correction are a fraction of those without rotation correction, and the ratio is 0.74–0.89 at the image center and 0.37–0.51 at the four corners of the images.
Dual hollow-core negative curvature fiber polarization beam splitter covering the O + E + S + C + L communication band
Authors: Ni Yueting , Yuan Jinhui , Qiu Shi , Zhou Guiyao , Xia Changming , Zhou Xian , Yan Binbin , Wu Qiang , Wang Kuiru , Sang Xinzhu , Yu Chongxiu 
Published: August 2022

In this paper, a dual hollow-core negative curvature fiber is proposed for the polarization beam splitter. The effects of the structure parameters of the dual hollow-core negative curvature fiber on the coupling length and coupling length ratio of the

x

-polarized and

y

-polarized core modes and the higher-order mode extinction ratio are analyzed by the finite element method. Moreover, the normalized output powers of the

x

-polarized and

y

-polarized modes in the cores A and B and the corresponding extinction ratio are also investigated by the mode coupling theory. The simulation results show that a dual hollow-core negative curvature fiber polarization beam splitter with the length of 6.45 cm can achieve a broad bandwidth of 400 nm (1.23–1.63 µm), covering the

O

+

E

+

S

+

C

+

L

communication band. In addition, the higher-order mode extinction ratio is greater than 100 in the considered wavelength range, which means that it has good single-mode characteristics. It is believed that the proposed dual hollow-core negative curvature fiber polarization beam splitter will have significant applications in the optical communication system.
Acinetobacter baumannii complex, national laboratory-based surveillance in South Africa, 2017 to 2019
Authors: Perovic Olga , Duse Adrian , Chibabhai Vindana , Black Marianne , Said Mohamed , Prentice Elizabeth , Wadula Jeannette , Mahabeer Yesholata , Han K. Swe Swe , Mogokotleng Ruth , Strasheim Wilhelmina , Lowe Michelle , Jallow Sabelle , Ismail Husna ,   for GERMS-SA
Published: August 2022

Objective
We aimed to provide an analysis of A. baumannii complex (ABC) isolated from blood cultures in South Africa.

Materials and methods
ABC surveillance was conducted from 1 April 2017 to 30 September 2019 at 19 hospital sites from blood cultures of any age and sex. Organism identification was performed using the MALDI-TOF MS and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST), MicroScan Walkaway System. We confirmed colistin resistance with Sensititre, FRCOL panel, and selected for whole-genome sequencing.

Results
During the study period, we identified 4822 cases of ABC, of which 2152 cases were from 19 enhanced surveillance sites were reported during the enhanced surveillance period (1 August 2018 to 30 September 2019). Males accounted for 54% (2611/4822). Of the cases with known age, 41% (1968/4822) were infants (< 1-year-old). Seventy-eight percent (1688/2152) of cases had a known hospital outcome, of which 36% (602/1688) died. HIV status was known for 69% (1168/1688) of cases, and 14% (238/1688) were positive. Eighty-two percent (1389/1688) received antimicrobial treatment in admission. Three percent (35/1389) of cases received single colistin. Four percent (75/2033) were resistant to colistin. At least 75% of the isolates (1530/2033) can be classified as extensively drug-resistant (XDR), with resistance to most antibiotics except for colistin. The majority, 83% (20/24), of the colistin-resistant isolates were of the sequence type (ST) 1. Resistance genes, both plasmid- and chromosomal- mediated were not observed. Although all isolates had, nine efflux pump genes related to antimicrobial resistance.

Conclusion
Our surveillance data contributed to a better understanding of the natural course of A. baumannii disease, the patient characteristics among infants, and the level of resistance. At least two-thirds of the isolates were extensively drug-resistant, and four percent of isolates were resistant to colistin.
A tele-health primary care rehabilitation program improves self-perceived exertion in COVID-19 survivors experiencing Post-COVID fatigue and dyspnea: A quasi-experimental study
Authors: Calvo-Paniagua José , Díaz-Arribas María José , Valera-Calero Juan Antonio , Gallardo-Vidal María Isabel , Fernández-de-las-Peñas César , López-de-Uralde-Villanueva Ibai , del Corral Tamara , Plaza-Manzano Gustavo 
Published: August 2022

Background
Current evidence suggests that up to 70% of COVID-19 survivors develop post-COVID symptoms during the following months after infection. Fatigue and dyspnea seem to be the most prevalent post-COVID symptoms.

Objective
To analyze whether a tele-rehabilitation exercise program is able to improve self-perceived physical exertion in patients with post-COVID fatigue and dyspnea.

Methods
Sixty-eight COVID-19 survivors exhibiting post-COVID fatigue and dyspnea derived to four Primary Health Care centers located in Madrid were enrolled in this quasi-experimental study. A tele-rehabilitation program based on patient education, physical activity, airway clearing, and breathing exercise interventions was structured on eighteen sessions (3 sessions/week). Self-perceived physical exertion during daily living activities, dyspnea severity, health-related quality of life and distance walked and changes in oxygen saturation and heart rate during the 6-Minute walking test were assessed at baseline, after the program and at 1- and 3-months follow-up periods.

Results
Daily living activities, dyspnea severity and quality of life improved significantly at all follow-ups (p<0.001). Additionally, a significant increase in oxygen saturation before and after the 6-Minute Walking test was found when compared with baseline (P<0.001). Heart rate adaptations at rest were found during the follow-up periods (P = 0.012). Lower perceived exertion before and after the 6-Minute Walking test were also observed, even if larger distance were walked (P<0.001).

Conclusion
Tele-rehabilitation programs could be an effective strategy to reduce post-COVID fatigue and dyspnea in COVID-19 survivors. In addition, it could also reduce the economic burden of acute COVID-19, reaching a greater number of patients and releasing Intensive Unit Care beds for prioritized patients with a severe disease.

Study registration
The international OSF Registry registration link is https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/T8SYB.
Vasoactive pharmacological management according to SCAI class in patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock
Authors: Udesen Nanna Louise Junker , Helgestad Ole Kristian Lerche , Josiassen Jakob , Hassager Christian , Højgaard Henrik Frederiksen , Linde Louise , Kjaergaard Jesper , Holmvang Lene , Jensen Lisette Okkels , Schmidt Henrik , Ravn Hanne Berg , Møller Jacob Eifer 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundVasoactive treatment is a cornerstone in treating hypoperfusion in cardiogenic shock following acute myocardial infarction (AMICS). The purpose was to compare the achievement of treatment targets and outcome in relation to vasoactive strategy in AMICS patients stratified according to the Society of Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) shock classification.MethodsRetrospective analysis of patients with AMICS admitted to cardiac intensive care unit at two tertiary cardiac centers during 2010–2017 with retrieval of real-time hemodynamic data and dosages of vasoactive drugs from intensive care unit databases.ResultsOut of 1,249 AMICS patients classified into SCAI class C, D, and E, mortality increased for each shock stage from 34% to 60%, and 82% (p<0.001). Treatment targets of mean arterial blood pressure > 65mmHg and venous oxygen saturation > 55% were reached in the majority of patients; however, more patients in SCAI class D and E had values below treatment targets within 24 hours (p<0.001) despite higher vasoactive load and increased use of epinephrine for each severity stage (p<0.001). In univariate analysis no significant difference in mortality within SCAI class D and E regarding vasoactive strategy was observed, however in SCAI class C, epinephrine was associated with higher mortality and a significantly higher vasoactive load to reach treatment targets. In multivariate analysis there was no statistically association between individually vasoactive choice within each SCAI class and 30-day mortality.ConclusionHemodynamic treatment targets were achieved in most patients at the expense of increased vasoactive load and more frequent use of epinephrine for each shock severity stage. Mortality was high regardless of vasoactive strategy; only in SCAI class C, epinephrine was associated with a significantly higher mortality, but the signal was not significant in adjusted analysis.
The effect of end-of-life decision-making tools on patient and family-related outcomes of care among ethnocultural minorities: A systematic review
Authors: Nayfeh Ayah , Conn Lesley Gotlib , Dale Craig , Kratina Sarah , Hales Brigette , Das Gupta Tracey , Chakraborty Anita , Taggar Ru , Fowler Robert 
Published: August 2022

Background
End-of-life decision-making tools are used to establish a shared understanding among patients, families and healthcare providers about medical treatment and goals of care. This systematic review aimed to understand the availability and effect of end-of-life decision-making tools on: (i) goals of care and advance care planning; (ii) patient and/or family satisfaction and well-being; and (iii) healthcare utilization among racial/ethnic, cultural, and religious minorities.

Methods
A search was conducted in four electronic databases (inception to June 2021). Articles were screened for eligibility using pre-specified criteria. We focused on adult patients (aged ≥18 years) and included primary research articles that used quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods designs. Complementary quality assessment tools were used to generate quality scores for individual studies. Extracted data were synthesized by outcome measure for each type of tool, and an overall description of findings showed the range of effects.

Results
Among 14,316 retrieved articles, 37 articles were eligible. We found that advance care planning programs (eleven studies), healthcare provider-led interventions (four studies), and linguistically-tailored decision aids (three studies) increased the proportion of patients documenting advance care plans. Educational tools (three studies) strongly reduced patient preferences for life-prolonging care. Palliative care consultations (three studies) were strongly associated with do-not-resuscitate orders. Advance care planning programs (three studies) significantly influenced the quality of patient-clinician communication and healthcare provider-led interventions (two studies) significantly influenced perceived patient quality of life.

Conclusion
This review identified several end-of-life decision-making tools with impact on patient and family-related outcomes of care among ethnocultural minorities. Advance care planning programs, healthcare provider-led interventions and decision aids increased documentation of end-of-life care plans and do-not-resuscitate orders, and educational tools reduced preferences for life-prolonging care. Further research is needed to investigate the effect of tools on healthcare utilization, and with specific patient population subgroups across different illness trajectories and healthcare settings.
Modeling propofol‐induced cardiotoxicity in the isolated‐perfused newborn mouse heart
Authors: Barajas Matthew B. , Wang Aili , Griffiths Keren K. , Sun Linlin , Yang Guang , Levy Richard J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInfants and children are vulnerable to developing propofol infusion syndrome (PRIS) and young age is a risk factor. Cardiac involvement is often prominent and associated with death. However, the mechanisms of pediatric PRIS are poorly understood because of the paucity of investigation and lack of a gold standard animal model. Unfortunately, in vivo modeling of PRIS in a newborn mouse is not feasible and would be complicated by confounders. Thus, we focused on propofol‐induced cardiotoxicity and aimed to develop an ex‐vivo model in the isolated‐perfused newborn mouse heart. We hypothesized that the model would recapitulate the key cardiac features of PRIS seen in infants and children and would corroborate prior in vitro observations. Isolated perfused newborn mouse hearts were exposed to a toxic dose of propofol or intralipid for 30‐min. Surface electrocardiogram, ventricular contractile force, and oxygen extraction were measured over time. Real‐time multiphoton laser imaging was utilized to quantify calcein and tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester fluorescence. Propidium iodide uptake was assessed following drug exposure. A toxic dose of propofol rapidly induced dysrhythmias, depressed ventricular contractile function, impaired the mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased open probability of the permeability transition pore in propofol‐exposed hearts without causing cell death. These features mimicked the hallmarks of pediatric PRIS and corroborated prior observations made in isolated newborn cardiomyocyte mitochondria. Thus, acute propofol‐induced cardiotoxicity in the isolated‐perfused developing mouse heart may serve as a relevant ex‐vivo model for pediatric PRIS.
The effects of a motorized passive simulated jogging device on descent of the arterial pulse waveform dicrotic notch: A single arm placebo‐controlled cross‐over trial
Authors: Adams Jose A. , Lopez Jose R. , Nadkarni Vinay , Zolkipli‐Cunningham Zarazuela , Ischiropoulos Harry , Sackner Marvin A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhole Body Periodic Acceleration (WBPA, pGz), is a bed that moves the body headward to forward, adds pulses to the circulation inducing descent of the dicrotic notch (DN) on the pulse waveform with an increase in a/b ratio (a = the height of the pulse waveform and b = the height of the secondary wave). Since the WBPA is large, heavy, and non‐portable, we engineered a portable device (Jogging Device, JD). JD simulates passive jogging and introduces pulsations to the circulation. We hypothesized that JD would increase the a/b ratio during and after its use. In Study A, a single‐arm placebo‐controlled cross‐over trial was conducted in24 adults (53.8 ± 14.4 years) using JD or control (CONT) for 30 min. Blood pressure (BPs and BPd) and photoplethysmograph pulse (a/b) were measured at baseline (BL), during 30 min of JD or CONT, and 5 and 60 min after. In Study B (n = 20, 52.2 ± 7 years), a single‐arm observational trial of 7 consecutive days of JD on BP and a/b, measured at BL, and after 7 days of JD and 48 and 72 hr after its discontinuation. In Study A, BPs, and BPd decreased during JD by 13% and 16%, respectively, while in CONT both increased by 2% and 2.5%, respectively. The a/b increased by 2‐fold and remained greater than 2‐fold at all‐time points, with no change in a/b during CONT. In Study B, BPs and BPd decreased by 9% and remained below BL, at 72 hr after discontinuation of JD. DN descent also occurred after 7 days of JD with a/b increase of 80% and remained elevated by 60% for at least 72 h. JD improves acute and longer‐term vascular hemodynamics with an increase in a/b, consistent with increased effects of nitric oxide (NO). JD may have significant clinical and public health implications.
Isolated knee extensor exercise training improves skeletal muscle vasodilation, blood flow, and functional capacity in patients with HFpEF
Authors: Hearon Christopher M. , Samels Mitchel , Dias Katrin A. , MacNamara James P. , Levine Benjamin D. , Sarma Satyam 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPatients with HFpEF experience severe exercise intolerance due in part to peripheral vascular and skeletal muscle impairments. Interventions targeting peripheral adaptations to exercise training may reverse vascular dysfunction, increase peripheral oxidative capacity, and improve functional capacity in HFpEF. Determine if 8 weeks of isolated knee extension exercise (KE) training will reverse vascular dysfunction, peripheral oxygen utilization, and exercise capacity in patients with HFpEF. Nine HFpEF patients (66 ± 5 years, 6 females) performed graded IKE exercise (5, 10, and 15 W) and maximal exercise testing (cycle ergometer) before and after IKE training (3x/week, 30 min/leg). Femoral blood flow (ultrasound) and leg vascular conductance (LVC; index of vasodilation) were measured during graded IKE exercise. Peak pulmonary oxygen uptake (V̇O2; Douglas bags) and cardiac output (QC; acetylene rebreathe) were measured during graded maximal cycle exercise. IKE training improved LVC (pre: 810 ± 417, post: 1234 ± 347 ml/min/100 mmHg; p = 0.01) during 15 W IKE exercise and increased functional capacity by 13% (peak V̇O2 during cycle ergometry; pre:12.4 ± 5.2, post: 14.0 ± 6.0 ml/min/kg; p = 0.01). The improvement in peak V̇O2 was independent of changes in Q̇c (pre:12.7 ± 3.5, post: 13.2 ± 3.9 L/min; p = 0.26) and due primarily to increased a‐vO2 difference (pre: 10.3 ± 1.6, post: 11.0 ± 1.7; p = 0.02). IKE training improved vasodilation and functional capacity in patients with HFpEF. Exercise interventions aimed at increasing peripheral oxidative capacity may be effective therapeutic options for HFpEF patients.
Steel shot peening effects on friction stir welded AA2014-T6 aluminum alloys
Authors: Mallieswaran Kuppusamy , Rajasekaran Shanmugam , Vinoth Kumar Mari , Rajendran Chinnasamy 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The high-strength aluminum alloy is the potential candidate to replace conventional materials. It has excellent corrosion-resistant, recyclable machinability. The joining of such a type of alloy using fusion welding is very difficult. Solid-state welding, friction stir welding (FSW) has been used. However, this process has attained a maximum joint of 90% of base material strength. The drop of remaining strength is due to the formation of the temperate region in the thermo-mechanically affected area. Most of the researchers have been reported that the failure has observed at the interface. Many techniques have been followed to improve the strength at the temperate region, namely, post-weld heat treatment, backing plate change, sheet position, tool offset, etc. In this study, the shot blasting technique has been used to improve the lost strength in the soft region. From the experimental result, the joint shot-peened with steel shot yielded higher strength than the classical friction stir welded (C-FSW) joints. Moreover, the stability of the shot-peened joint has been conceived 6.9% more than the C-FSW joint.
Effect of heat treatment on the electrical and mechanical properties of a Cu–Ni–Si cast alloy
Authors: Atapek Ş. Hakan , von Klinski-Wetzel Katharina , Heilmaier Martin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The electrical and mechanical properties of a Cu–2.50Ni–0.50Si–0.45Cr–0.25Co–0.25Zr (wt%) cast alloy were investigated. The alloy produced as billet material by arc melting technique was solution annealed at 900 °C for 2 h, quenched in water, and aged at 350–500 °C for 2–192 h. The electrical conductivity of the heat-treated alloy was measured using an Eddy current apparatus, and the mechanical properties were determined using hardness measurements and compression tests applied between room temperature and 600 °C. Microstructural characterization of the cast and aged alloys was carried using light optical and scanning electron microscopy to characterize the precipitated phases within the Cu solid solution matrix. It is found that (i) very fine δ-Ni2Si precipitates in the matrix of cast alloy aged at 400 °C for 72 h give an optimal combination of hardness and conductivity and (ii) the aged alloy has a higher yield strength than the cast one at all temperatures investigated.