bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ferroelectric Single‐Molecule Magnet with Toroidal Magnetic Moments
Authors: Wang Yu‐Xia , Ma Yinina , Wang Jie‐Su , Yang Yue , Guo Yun‐Nan , Zhang Yi‐Quan , Jin Kui‐Juan , Sun Young , Cheng Peng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMaterials that coexist magnetic and electric properties on the molecular scale in single‐molecule magnets (SMMs) with peculiar quantum behaviors have promise in molecular electronics and spintronics. Nevertheless, such molecular materials are limited in potentials because their magnetic signal cannot be transformed into an electrical signal through magnetoresistance or Hall effects for their high insulativity. The discovery of an entirely new material, ferroelectric SMMs (FE SMMs) is reported. This FE SMM also shows single‐molecule magnetic behaviors, toroidal magnetic moments, and room‐temperature ferroelectricity. The toroidal moment is formed by a vortex distribution of magnetic dipoles in triangular Dy3 clusters. The analysis of ac magnetic susceptibility reveals the coexistence of three distinct magnetic relaxation processes at low temperatures. The ferroelectricity is introduced by incorporating polar alcohol molecules in the structure, which is confirmed by the X‐ray diffraction and optical second harmonic generation (SHG) measurements. Moreover, the dielectric measurements reveal a ferroelectric‐to‐ferroelectric phase transition around 150 K due to the symmetry change from Pc to Pna21. The coexistence of toroidal moment and ferroelectricity along with quantum magnetism in the rare‐earth single‐molecule magnets yields a unique class of multiferroics.
Retracted: Radical Covalent Organic Frameworks Associated with Liquid Na‐K toward Dendrite‐Free Alkali Metal Anodes
Authors: Wang Jianyi , Chen Menghui , Lu Zicong , Chen Zhida , Si Liping 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLiquid sodium‐potassium (Na‐K) alloy has the characteristics of high abundance, low redox potential, high capacity, and no dendrites, which has become an ideal alternative material for potassium/sodium metal anodes. However, the high surface tension of liquid sodium potassium alloy at room temperature makes it inconvenient in practical use. Here, the Na‐K as reducing agent treats with hydrazone linkages of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and obtain the carbon‐oxygen radical COFs (COR‐Tf‐DHzDM‐COFs). The preparation method solves the problems that the preparation process of the traditional Na‐K composite anode is complex and has high cost. The structures of the COR‐Tf‐DHzDM‐COFs are characterized by X‐ray diffraction （XRD), fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and solid‐state NMR measurements. It is the first time that carbon‐oxygen radical COFs from bulk COFs are constructed by one‐step method and the operation is flexible, convenient, and high rate of quality, which is suitable for big production and widely used. The cycle stability of the composite Na‐K anode is improved, which provides a new idea for the design of high‐performance liquid metal anode.
Further delineation of GEMIN4 related neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, cataract, and renal abnormalities syndrome
Authors: Altassan Ruqaiah , Qudair Ahmad , Alokaili Riyadh , Alhasan Khalid , Faqeih Eissa A. , Alhashem Amal , Alowain Muhammed , Alsayed Moeanaldeen , Rahbeeni Zuhair , Albadi Lama , Alkuraya Fowzan S. , Anderson Eric N. , Rajan Deepa , Pandey Udai Bhan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPathogenic variants in GEMIN4 have recently been linked to an inherited autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder characterized with microcephaly, cataracts, and renal abnormalities (NEDMCR syndrome). This report provides a retrospective review of 16 patients from 11 unrelated Saudi consanguineous families with GEMIN4 mutations. The cohort comprises 11 new and unpublished clinical details from five previously described patients. Only two missense, homozygous, pathogenic variants were found in all affected patients, suggesting a founder effect. All patients shared global developmental delay with variable ophthalmological, renal, and skeletal manifestations. In addition, we knocked down endogenous Drosophila GEMIN4 in neurons to further investigate the mechanism of the functional defects in affected patients. Our fly model findings demonstrated developmental defects and motor dysfunction suggesting that loss of GEMIN4 function is detrimental in vivo; likely similar to human patients. To date, this study presents the largest cohort of patients affected with GEMIN4 mutations. Considering that identifying GEMIN4 defects in patients presenting with neurodevelopmental delay and congenital cataract will help in early diagnosis, appropriate management and prevention plans that can be made for affected families.
A simulation‐based integrated virtual testbed for dynamic optimization in smart manufacturing systems
Authors: Sun Yuting , Tu Jiachen , Bragin Mikhail , Zhang Liang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn a manufacturing system, production control‐related decision‐making activities occur at different levels. At the process level, one of the main control activities is to tune the parameters of individual manufacturing equipment. At the system level, the main activity is to coordinate production resources and to route parts to appropriate workstations based on their processing requirement, priority indices, and control policy. At the factory level, the goal is to plan and schedule the processing of parts at different operations for the entire system in order to optimize certain objectives. Note that the results of such activities at different levels are closely coupled and affect the overall performance of the manufacturing system as a whole. Therefore, it is important to systematically integrate these control and optimization activities into one unified platform to ensure the goal of each individual activity is aligned with the overall performance of the system. In this paper, we develop a simulation‐based virtual testbed that implements dynamic optimization, automatic information exchange, and decision‐making from the process‐level, system‐level, and factory‐level of a manufacturing system into an integrated computation environment. This is demonstrated by connecting a Python‐based numerical computation program, discrete‐event simulation software (Simul8), and an optimization solver (CPLEX) via a third‐party master program. The application of this simulation‐based virtual testbed is illustrated by a case study in a machining shop.
Staged co‐gasification characteristics of pyrolyzed semi‐coke and antibiotic filter residue under oxy‐fuel condition
Authors: Wang Chang'an , Luo Maoyun , Tang Guantao , Jin Liyan , Zhao Lin , Che Defu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPyrolyzed semi‐coke (SC) is a by‐product of coal‐graded utilization, while the clean and efficient utilization of excess powdery pyrolyzed SC has given a huge challenge. The antibiotic filter residue (AFR) is a kind of biomass solid wastes, which also requires proper disposal or resource utilization. Utilizing the fuel complementary characteristics of pyrolyzed SC and AFR, oxy‐fuel gasification co‐processing can not only effectively realize the resource utilization of solid wastes but also achieve significant CO2reduction boosting carbon neutrality. Here, the Aspen Plus software was used to simulate the staged oxy‐fuel co‐gasification characteristics of SC and AFR. The simulation results show that with the increase of the SC proportion in blends from 0% to 100%, the lower heating value is raised from 9.48 to 11.26 MJ·m−3, the gas yield is increased from 1.39 to 2.55 m3·kg−1, and the cold gas efficiency grows by 39.28%. The rise of oxygen volume percentage improves the lower heating value in the produced gas and volume fraction of H2, but the contents of CO and CO2, together with the gas yield and cold gas efficiency, show decreasing trends. Raising gasification temperature within a reasonable range is beneficial for enhancing the gasification performance and improving the syngas quality. The raised oxygen equivalent ratio increases the content of CO2but leads to the decline of CO and H2. For sample AFR, as the oxygen equivalent ratio is varied from 0.6 to 0.8, the volume fraction of CO2increases by 14.19%, while the contents of CO and H2reduce by 5.34% and 8.77%, respectively. The present study offers effective support for the co‐disposal and resource utilization of powdery pyrolyzed SC and AFR.
Synthesis and characterization of ultra‐tough crosslinked polyamide with hybrid polymer networks equipping strong hydrogen bonds
Authors: Chen Yu‐Hao , Chang Yun , Rwei Syang‐Peng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this work, a novel crosslinked polyamide (cPA) system with hybrid polymer networks was developed. The hexamethylenediamine, acrylic acid (AA), and bis(6‐aminohexyl) dodecanediamide (BAHD) were utilized as the main building block in crosslinked polyamide (cPA) system by Michael addition reaction and polycondensation, wherein an amide diamine monomer, BAHD, was utilized as the building provider of hydrogen‐bonding networks. Simultaneously, the internal covalent bond networks were constructed by the Michael addition between AA and diamine, resulting in permanent covalent crosslinks. By adjusting the ratio of BAHD content, a series of copolyamides were successfully synthesized, and the thermal, mechanical, and viscoelastic behavior of cPAs were systematically discussed. Based on these results, the best mechanical properties in our cPAs were found in the composition of BH37, which exhibited microcrystalline behavior and outstanding tensile properties with melting temperature of 55°C, tensile strength above 45 MPa, and elongation at break above 1000%. It demonstrated that the adjusting of reversible hydrogen bonds and permanent covalent crosslinks in hybrid polymer networks could effectively endow the cPAs with excellent flexibility and strength. These studies provide useful information for designing novel cPA materials with controlled thermal and mechanical properties, which suggested the potential for use in advanced application fields.
Experimental study of the hydroquinone (HQ)–hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) gel system for conformance improvement in extremely high‐temperature reservoirs
Authors: Deng Bo , Liu Wei , Gu Jianwei , Song Yanan , Liu Chao , Ruan Banxi , Chen Bowen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAn organically crosslinked polymer with hydroquinone (HQ)–hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) as crosslinker used for profile control was analyzed systematically at extremely high temperatures (over 150°C). The optimal gelation time and gelation performance may be achieved by changing the polymer and crosslinking agent concentrations. The gelation time is decreased and the gelation performance is improved as the concentration of polymer and hydroquinone‐HMTA increased. It still has a very dense microscopic three‐dimensional network structure after 3 months of aging at 150°C. The gel system can effectively improve the formation profile by plugging the high permeability layer and introducing subsequent water into the undisturbed layer.
Preparation of poly (styrene‐methyl methacrylate)@grafted halloysite microspheres and the properties of its composite fibers
Authors: Yan Xiaofei , Song Lixiang , Zhu Chenyan , Li Jiawei , Qi Dongming 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIt has become a hotspot that microfibrils with a high aspect ratio have a good reinforcement effect on the composite fibers. To prepare the micro‐fibrillation composite fibers with excellent performance and good dispersity, poly (styrene‐methyl methacrylate)@grafted halloysite nanotubes(PSM@PMHNTs) microspheres were prepared by suspension polymerization method, and the PSM@PMHNTs reinforced composite fibers were prepared by simple blending with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). The structure and mechanical properties of the composite fibers were studied by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, dynamic thermo‐mechanical analysis, and universal material testing machine. The results showed that polystyrene grafted halloysite nanotubes (PMHNTs) had good hydrophobicity and were successfully embedded in poly (styrene‐methyl methacrylate) (PSM). The mechanical performance of microfibril composite fiber with PSM@PMHNTs is better when compared that with PMHNTs and PSM, and the elongation at break of the composite fiber has dramatically increased by 120.90% compared to that of pure PMMA. In addition, the mechanical properties of the composite fibers were increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of PMHNTs contents and draft ratios, while the glass transition temperature of the composite fibers had no obvious changes. The composite fiber has the best mechanical properties when the content of PMHNTs is 1.0 wt% and the draft ratio is 6, and the tensile strength and elongation at break were 26.94% and 256.36% higher than that of pure PMMA, respectively.
Research Progress on Lignocellulosic Biomass Degradation Catalyzed by Enzymatic Nanomaterials
Authors: Luo Hangyu , Liu Xiaofang , Yu Dayong , Yuan Junfa , Tan Jinyu , Li Hu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLignocellulose biomass (LCB) has extensive applications in many fields such as bioenergy, food, medicines, and raw materials for producing value‐added products. One of the keys to efficient utilization of LCB is to obtain directly available oligo‐ and monomers (e. g., glucose). With the characteristics of easy recovery and separation, high efficiency, economy, and environmental protection, immobilized enzymes have been developed as heterogeneous catalysts to degrade LCB effectively. In this review, applications and mechanisms of LCB‐degrading enzymes are discussed, and the nanomaterials and methods used to immobilize enzymes are also discussed. Finally, the research progress of lignocellulose biodegradation catalyzed by nano‐enzymes was discussed.
Ligand‐Dissociation‐Type N,N‐Dimethylaminopyrene Probes for In‐Situ Site‐Specific Protein Labeling
Authors: Tsuda Tomohito , Arai Atsushi , Kita Masaki 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo develop practical methods for in‐situ labeling of target proteins and to analyze their binding modes with bioactive ligands, 6‐N,N‐dimethylaminopyrene‐N‐acyl‐N‐alkylsulfonamide‐4,8‐diazacyclononyne (dmpy‐NASA‐DACN) tags were synthesized. Strain‐promoted azide‐alkyne cyclization with azide‐conjugated ligands (biotin and sulfonamide) gave ligand‐dissociation‐type dmpy probes. With these probes, specific labeling of avidin and human carboxylase 1 (hCA1) proceeded even in the presence of cell lysate proteins in ca. 10% RIPA buffer. Affinity purification, in‐gel tryptic digestion on polystyrene gel, and MALDI MS analysis established the dmpy‐labeled positions of target proteins. Molecular modeling studies also supported why the dmpy‐labeling reactions proceeded site‐specifically near ligand‐binding sites on the target proteins. Our findings might contribute to the development of chemical probes that specifically label various biomacromolecules in cells.
Conformal Lithium Peroxide Growth Kinetically Driven by MoS2/MoN Heterostructures Towards High‐Performance Li−O2 Batteries
Authors: Gu Yuting , Ma Yong , Wei Le , Lian Yuebin , He Ying , Su Yanhui , Li Xinjian , Peng Yang , Deng Zhao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe morphological control and spatial accommodation of Li2O2 discharge products on the oxygen cathode are crucial to bolstering both the Coulombic and round‐trip efficiencies of Li−O2 batteries. Herein, MoS2/MoN heterostructures are constructed on carbon cloth to serve as the freestanding and binder‐free oxygen cathode for Li−O2 batteries, lending a low charge/discharge polarization of 0.79 V, a large specific capacity of 9.04 mAh cm−2, and a superb cycling stability beyond 800 h. Through comprehensive microscopic, electroanalytical and density function theory analyses, the superb electrochemical performance is attributed to the formation of a conformal and amorphous Li2O2 layer, which is kinetically driven in virtue of the higher electric conductivity of MoN and stronger LiO2 intermediate adsorption on the heterostructures. This work advocates the merits of interfacial engineering to enhance the performance of Li−O2 batteries by manipulating the discharge product formation.
Representation of indigenous languages employing a religious screen for the discursive construction of students' postcolonial national identities: A curious case of ‘internal colonisation’ and ‘cultural invasion’ in Pakistani schools
Authors: Qazi M. Habib , Javid Choudhary Z. , Ullah Inayat 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study problematises the discourses of Pakistan's national curriculum textbooks to investigate how they represent Pakistan's indigenous languages/cultures through the prism of religion to constitute secondary school students' particular postcolonial linguistic identities. It also draws on the perspectives of 12 teachers and 424 students to record their responses. Taking insights from Paulo Freire's cultural invasion, Robert Blauner's internal colonisation and selected postcolonial perspectives, the study notes a dynamic interplay of the sampled textbooks, schoolteachers and the school as a site of discursive social practices. Jointly, they position students within an exclusionary homogenous Urdu‐loving group—a language which is represented as Arabic's tributary. Indigenous languages are recognised, however, as an adjunct to Arabic and Urdu, emphasising their role in the proselytisation of Islam in the region. Similarly, fine arts and indigenous cultural festivals are represented from a particular religious lens. The students strongly identify with this curious case of internal colonisation and cultural invasion, and support it. They exhibit self‐righteousness and aversion towards linguistic/cultural pluralism and minorities, which entails implications for Pakistan's national cohesion and educational parlance of equity and inclusivity.
Structural disconnectome mapping of cognitive function in poststroke patients
Authors: Kolskår Knut K. , Ulrichsen Kristine M. , Richard Genevieve , Dørum Erlend S. , de Schotten Michel Thiebaut , Rokicki Jaroslav , Monereo‐Sánchez Jennifer , Engvig Andreas , Hansen Hege Ihle , Nordvik Jan Egil , Westlye Lars T. , Alnæs Dag 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeSequalae following stroke represents a significant challenge in current rehabilitation. The location and size of focal lesions are only moderately predictive of the diverse cognitive outcome after stroke. One explanation building on recent work on brain networks proposes that the cognitive consequences of focal lesions are caused by damages to anatomically distributed brain networks supporting cognition rather than specific lesion locations.MethodsTo investigate the association between poststroke structural disconnectivity and cognitive performance, we estimated individual level whole‐brain disconnectivity probability maps based on lesion maps from 102 stroke patients using normative data from healthy controls. Cognitive performance was assessed in the whole sample using Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and a more comprehensive computerized test protocol was performed on a subset (n = 82).ResultsMultivariate analysis using Partial Least Squares on the disconnectome maps revealed that higher disconnectivity in right insular and frontal operculum, superior temporal gyrus and putamen was associated with poorer MoCA performance, indicating that lesions in regions connected with these brain regions are more likely to cause cognitive impairment. Furthermore, our results indicated that disconnectivity within these clusters was associated with poorer performance across multiple cognitive domains.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate that the extent and distribution of structural disconnectivity following stroke are sensitive to cognitive deficits and may provide important clinical information predicting poststroke cognitive sequalae.
Membranous and nuclear staining of CLDN18 in HPV‐independent and HPV‐associated endocervical adenocarcinomas
Authors: Du Xiuzhen , Hu Yanjiao , Ji Xiaoyu , Sui Lei , Zheng Qingmei , Song Kejuan , Lv Teng , Chen Yulong , Zhao Han , Dai Shuzhen , Zhao Peng , Yao Qin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesA classification system for endocervical adenocarcinoma (ECA) based on high‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV) status has been established; however, the immunohistochemical markers distinguishing HPV‐independent and HPV‐associated ECAs have not been fully described. Here, we aimed to characterize ECA immunopathological features.MethodsWe evaluated the immunohistochemical profile of CLDN18, CDX2, PAX8, p16, p53, and CEA in 60 ECAs comprising 10 HPV‐independent ECAs and 50 HPV‐associated ECAs. Both the membranous and nuclear expression levels of CLDN18 were analyzed.ResultsMembranous CLDN18 (CLDN18 [M]) was found to be expressed in the mucinous epithelium of all HPV‐independent ECAs, including eight gastric‐type ECAs (G‐ECAs), one endometrioid ECA, and one clear cell ECA, but no nuclear CLDN18 (CLDN18 [N]) expression was detected in HPV‐independent ECAs. Among HPV‐associated ECAs, CLDN18 (M) expression levels in intestinal‐type (I‐ECAs) and usual‐type ECAs (U‐ECAs) were significantly different from those in invasive stratified mucin‐producing (iSMILE) carcinomas (p = 0.036). Positive CLDN18 (M) staining was present in 55.6% (5/9) of intestinal‐type and 39.4% (13/33) of usual‐type ECAs and was not present in iSMILE ECAs. Silva pattern C cancers expressed higher levels of CLDN18 (M) than Silva pattern A and B cancers (p = 0.004), whereas the CLDN18 (N) expression levels in cancers showing Silva pattern A were significantly higher than those in cancers exhibiting Silva patterns B and C (p < 0.001).ConclusionMembranous CLDN18 is expressed in ECAs and is particularly frequently expressed in HPV‐independent ECAs, and membranous CLDN18 expression has potential as a therapeutic target. Nuclear staining of CLDN18 is a new immunohistochemical marker for diagnosing Silva pattern A HPV‐associated ECAs and is associated with a good prognosis. Further studies should investigate the therapeutic and prognostic significance of membranous and nuclear CLDN18 expression and develop a related test that can be implemented in the clinical evaluation of ECAs.