bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bidirectional bionic limbs: a perspective bridging technology and physiology
Authors: Pasluosta C , Kiele P , Čvančara P , Micera S , Aszmann O C , Stieglitz T 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Precise control of bionic limbs relies on robust decoding of motor commands from nerves or muscles signals and sensory feedback from artificial limbs to the nervous system by interfacing the afferent nerve pathways. Implantable devices for bidirectional communication with bionic limbs have been developed in parallel with research on physiological alterations caused by an amputation. In this perspective article, we question whether increasing our effort on bridging these technologies with a deeper understanding of amputation pathophysiology and human motor control may help to overcome pressing stalls in the next generation of bionic limbs.
Generalized hydrodynamics in the one-dimensional Bose gas: theory and experiments
Authors: Bouchoule Isabelle , Dubail Jérôme 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We review the recent theoretical and experimental progress regarding the generalized hydrodynamics (GHD) behavior of the one-dimensional (1D) Bose gas with contact repulsive interactions, also known as the Lieb–Liniger gas. In the first section, we review the theory of the Lieb–Liniger gas, introducing the key notions of the rapidities and of the rapidity distribution. The latter characterizes the Lieb–Liniger gas after relaxation and is at the heart of GHD. We also present the asymptotic regimes of the Lieb–Liniger gas with their dedicated approximate descriptions. In the second section we enter the core of the subject and review the theoretical results of GHD in 1D Bose gases. The third and fourth sections are dedicated to experimental results obtained in cold atom experiments: the experimental realization of the Lieb–Liniger model is presented in section 3, with a selection of key results for systems at equilibrium, and section 4 presents the experimental tests of the GHD theory. In section 5 we review the effects of atom losses, which, assuming slow loss processes, can be described within the GHD framework. We conclude with a few open questions.
Molecular sexing in Bos taurus using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method
Authors: Fathurrahman I , Kusumawati A , Rahman A , Ulviani Y , Prihantoko K D , Unsunnidhal L 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Cattle are animals that are widely found all over the world which is the domestication of bulls. In Indonesia, domesticated cattle are used as livestock, could be meat cattle or dairy cattle. The sex of the cattle is very influential in terms of selling, especially the type of bull. Calf bull is a product of the process of artificial insemination with spermatozoa resulting in sexing. Mammals have X and Y chromosomes to distinguish their sex. Each chromosome has a special gene such as the SRY gene on the Y chromosome and the PLP gene on the X chromosome. Molecular methods are effective methods of determining the chromosomes carried by spermatozoa. Both special genes are found in the home box (GADPH) of mammals. Primer is made from the mRNA SRY (sex-determining region Y) sequence from Bos taurus with a size above 200bp (SRY B) and below 200bp (SRY A) so that optimal results are obtained between the two. The type of sample that has been used in this research was sexing semen from limousin bulls that are treated from 4 pairs of primers each. The results of the qPCR from both primers are viewed from the melt-peak graph and comparison analysis. The differences between SRY A and SRY-B primer indicates that SRY-A produces a more stable melt-peak graph than SRY B. This indicates that the SRY A primer is more stable when used for molecular verification processes using qPCR.
The important value of mangrove crabs based on sediment conditions at the Asam-Asam river estuary of Tanah Laut regency
Authors: Halang B , Suhaili A , Hani R , Arianto  , Haekal A F , Akbar Z , Isnaeni R 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Mangrove scabs (Scylla) are organisms that have very high commodity values and are satisfied by many communities in Indonesia, including communities at the Estuary of Asam-Asam River. This research aimed to analyze the important value index of mangrove crabs based on sediment conditions at the Estuary of Asam-Asam River in Tanah Laut Regency. The method of this research was the descriptive method with the direct observation to the field for defining the five sampling points. We took mangrove crab samples three times at each sampling point with distinct periods. The three sampling points lay at the river estuaries and two sample points lay at the non-river estuaries (about 100 meters to 200 meters from the estuary). The results showed that two species of mangrove crabs were found at the region of the river estuaries were Scylla serrata with the Important Value was 133,33 dan Scylla paramamosain which the Important Value was 66,67. Important Value Indexes of these mangroves were high and indicated that these mangrove crabs could play large important ecologic roles in their communities. The mangrove crabs which be found were very little because the condition of the texture of sediments were clays and the contents of air hardness of water were high (smallest 50,8 mg/l) as well as Total Suspended Solid (smallest 55 mg/l) were a high concentration
Predation ability Toxorhynchites splendens larvae from Banjarbaru
Authors: Muhamat  , Hadisusanto S , Umniyati S R , Soesilohadi R C H 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The population of Toxorhynchites splendens in the rural area of the administrative city of Banjarbaru is quite abundant. This can be developed as part of the control management of Aedes sp. and Culex sp. as disease vectors. The purpose of this study was to test the predation ability of Tx. splendens against larvae of Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus and larval development time of Tx. splendens fed with larvae of Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus. The study used a completely randomized design with 10 replications. The results obtained were the predation ability of Tx. splendens larvae from instar 2 to pupae against larvae of Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus were 5.5 larvae/day and 6 larvae/day, respectively. The average length of the developmental phase of Tx. splendens larvae fed with Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus was 14.55 days and 12 days. The conclusion of this research is Tx. splendens originating from the city of Banjarbaru has the power of predation against Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus.
Molecular fish sexing on Kohaku Koi (Cyprinus carpio) based on ArS.9-15 gene amplification by PCR method
Authors: ‘Aysi N R , Santi M D , Andrian K N , Haryanto A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study aims to sex determine on Kohaku Koi fish rapidly, precisely, accurately, and as early as possible based on the amplification of the ArS.9-15 gene using the PCR method. This study began with the maintenance of 10 Kohaku Koi fish, obtained from Koi fish farmers in the Sleman area in Yogyakarta. The 10 Kohaku Koi were adapted in a filtered aquarium with O2 aeration and fed ad libitum by fish pellets for 1-3 days. Then, a collection of 0.5 ml peripheral blood samples per fish from the caudalis vein was performed under anesthesia conditions using special anesthetic preparation for Koi fish, namely Koi Anesthesia mixed with fresh water. Those samples were then collected in tubes containing the Ca-EDTA anticoagulant. The DNA then was extracted from peripheral blood samples and used as a template for PCR amplification by specific oligonucleotide primer pairs to amplify the ArS.9-15 gene. PCR products in the form of DNA fragments were visualized with 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis and SybrSafe staining using Transilluminator-UV in a dark room. The DNA fragments were analyzed descriptively to sex determination between male and female Kohaku Koi. Electrophoresis results of PCR products showed two DNA bands of 850 bp and 1,100 bp in male Kohaku Koi, while in female Kohaku Koi showed only a band DNA in size of 850 bp. The results of the molecular fish sexing of the 10 Kohaku Koi showed that 70% are female and 30% are male.
Interactive governance framework and its potential for governing protected area landscape
Authors: Santosa E B 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
One of the recurring problems in the protected area management in Indonesia is the lack of collaboration between various actors who influence and were affected by the existence of these areas. One causes of existing conflicts are the diverse actor’s perceptions regarding the needs, interests, and priorities that will be considered in the region’s policymaking, relating to the management and use of natural resources. Biodiversity conservation versus physical-economic development is one among them. Instruments to tackle this problem are urgently needed, and interactive governance is one prospective alternative. Its various components, including the division of sub-system elements, properties, orders, and styles of interactive governance, can be used to strengthen the governability of a protected area. Enhancing governability can solve societal problems or develop opportunities in protected areas as the ultimate goal. This article is a literature review that explores the potential of an interactive governance framework as a solution to the lack of dialogue between actors in the protected area’s landscape. The study was conducted by exploring the understanding and history of theoretical development, followed by previous studies using this framework, and discussing the application possibilities in the protected area landscape’s management, especially in Indonesia. The study results show that this framework is remarkably feasible to be applied in Indonesia, primarily supported by the perspective of land ownership aspect, traditional community participation, the collaboration between actors and sectors, and the democratic maturation in Indonesia.
Institutional network of the peat ecosystem restoration plan in Riau Province: Hierarchy and classification approaches
Authors: Sukwika T , Febrina L , Mulyawati I 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Government institutions, both central and local, have issued many policies and regulatory products related to tropical peatland management. Still, peatland degradation and conversion and even land fires continue to occur in Riau. The role of an effective and synergistic institutional network is essential and strategic for its existence. This paper analyzes the dominant role of key institutions in the arena of action for the peat ecosystem restoration plan and formulates a model of the institutional network. The method used is applying systematic and iterative graphic theory with institutional analysis tools, namely ISM or Interpretative Structure Modeling. The study results obtained three classifications of peat ecosystem restoration institutional networks based on critical institutions’ main tasks and functions: institutional coordination, cooperation, and assistance/guidance programs. The conclusion drawn is that based on the institutional network model, it is known that cooperative institutions facilitate the maturation of the concept of peat restoration against the jointly planned program. The policy implication is strengthening the synergy of multi-stakeholder institutions formed as a critical factor in the management of sustainable peat restoration.
Reduction in carbon dioxide and methane production of tropical peatlands due to coal fly-ash application
Authors: Saidy A R , Priatmadi B J , Septiana M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Tropical peatlands with very high organic carbon (C) contents have the potential to be a source of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) production. Therefore, the management of tropical peatlands is essential to prevent peat decomposition and to reduce the production of CO2 and CH4. We added different amounts of coal fly-ash (CFA) (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 Mg ha−1) to tropical peats in a laboratory study to quantify changes in CO2 and CH4 production in response to the application of CFA. The amounts of CO2 and CH4 produced by the mixtures of peats and CFA over 90 days were monitored on weekly basis. Peat pH, concentrations of hot-water soluble C, calcium and iron were also measured at the end of incubation period. Results of study revealed that the application of CFA up to 50 Mg ha−1 did not change the production of CO2 and CH4, while the application of CFA by 50–125 Mg ha−1 reduced 12–24% of CO2 and 9–15% of CH4. The decrease in the production of CO2 and CH4 due to the relatively high amount of CFA application was related to the decrease in the amount of hot soluble organic C and the increase in the concentrations of Ca and Fe. This study demonstrates the potential of CFA as waste materials from coal processing of power plants in reducing CO2 and CH4 emissions of tropical peatlands.
Involvement and roles of stakeholders in Mahakam delta management to support mitigation and adaptation effort of climate change in East Kalimantan
Authors: Wahyuni T , Karmilasanti  , Indriyanti S Y , Abdurachman  
Published: February 2022

Abstract
East Kalimantan provincial government supports Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) commitment by developing Green Growth Compact (GGC) initiative. This initiative emphasizes participatory and collaborative efforts among stakeholders at different levels and roles in forest management. One of the prototype initiatives currently under development is the management of mangrove forest areas in Mahakam delta. This paper aims to provide information on the process of involving the parties by identifying more details about the role, importance and influence of stakeholders on the Mahakam delta area in order to support the initiative. Data collected through interviews, observation, documents study and using stakeholder analysis. The analysis showed that stakeholders concerned have a direct and influential role can be broadly divided into three main sub-groups: those who provide services needed for the sustainable use and management of these resources (mainly government, NGOs); KPHP (Production Forest Management Unit/FMU) Mahakam delta, Mangrove Lestari Foundation, and Planete Urgence/Bioma Foundation; those who are directly involved in production and trade of oil and gas: Pertamina Hulu Mahakam Company, Pertaminan Hulu Sanga-Sanga Company and Chevron Indonesia; those who are directly involved in production and trade of marine products: Conventional Shrimp Farmers Group and Sustainable Shrimp Farmers Group. Also, there are several parties or stakeholders are classified in the secondary and key stakeholders. This paper supports and provides information and inputs for such initiatives and better management efforts of FMU Mahakam delta.
Absorption of dyes from mixed fungi by cotton fabric with distinct mordants and dyeing pH
Authors: Suciatmih  
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Cotton fabrics processed in dyes with different mordants and staining pH might alter colors variation and dye absorption. A recent study showed a mixture of Aspergillus and Paecilomyces can be used to dye cotton fabric using five different mordant chemicals, CuSO4.5H2O, FeSO4.7H2O, KAl (SO4)2.12H2O, K2Cr2O7, and MnSO4.H2O, and three distinctive dyeing pH (3, 7, and 11). Both fungi were collectively cultured on mineral salt glucose medium to a stationary stage in dark conditions for four weeks. The RHS color chart was used to determine the color of the filtrate and the spectrum of colors created on dyed materials. The results suggested that the color development and dye absorption of the fabrics were greatly affected by chemical compounds of mordant and the acidity degree of the dyeing process. The pH of the dyeing process has a greater impact on the absorption of fungal dyes by cloth than the mordant. Colors formed on cotton fabric can add colors variation to textile dyeing.
Changes of stomatal distribution and leaf thickness in response to transpiration rate in six dicot plant species
Authors: Daningsih E , Mardiyyanigsih A N , Costa Y O Da , Primawati R , Karlina S 
Published: February 2022

AbstractChanges in leaf anatomy can be influenced by the surrounding environment and several other factors. Shade plants or ornamental plants themselves also have their characteristics in responding to surrounding conditions through transpiration. This study aimed to measure the rate of transpiration related to changes in the distribution of stomata and leaf thickness of six types of dicot ornamental plants and to describe the leaf anatomy of each type. The experiment used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six types of plants as treatment with three replications. Transpiration rate was measured by modified lysimeter method, stomatal distribution was calculated from the ratio of the number of stomata to epidermal cells and leaf anatomy was observed using preserved slide made from paraffin method. Data were analyzed by SAS with CRD model and correlation was performed between transpiration rate and leaf thickness. The results showed that the transpiration rate, leaf thickness, and stomatal distribution were significantly different atα= 0.05 amongst plants. The transpiration rate was inversely proportional to leaf thickness with various correlation coefficients. The leaf anatomy of six plant species showed various thicknesses between tissues. Further research needs to be done to explain the rate of transpiration with changes in leaf anatomy.
Notes on leaf anatomy: Additional information for Indonesian Pandanus spp. (Pandanaceae)
Authors: Tihurua E F , Widoyanti  , Rustiami H , Megawati  
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In Indonesia, Pandanus spp. were distributed from Sumatra to Papua. These Pandanus species has broader variation of anatomical leaf characters whether epidermis or transversal section traits. This study was conducted to obtain an information of anatomical characters of Pandanus leaf and supporting character on Pandanus identification. Pandanus collections of Herbarium Bogoriense were used for this study, and some of Pandanus species from Papua New Guinea and Malay Peninsula were added as well. Paraffin method and simple peeling of the leaf surface were used to get leaf transversal sections and epidermis characters. In general, anatomical characters of examined species in this study relatively similar to other Pandanus species which were studied by former researchers. Pandanus has broad range of stomata types on the lower leaf surface, from simple stomata to the most specialized stomata. The upper leaf surface of Pandanus spp. has similar stomata type, viz. class 1 (simple). Zonation always presents on all species, except on P. atropurpureus, P. conoideus and P. nitidus. Mostly, crystals CaCO3 were found in three forms, namely rectangular and needle-like shape in idioblast cells, while prism-shape is scattered in the mesophyll area. These crystal shapes absent in P. odorifer and there is one additional crystal shape, drusse which present in P. conoideus. Silica bodies located in the upper and lower hypodermis of leaf. Bundle sheath extension was seen in all species except P. beguinii, P. conoideus, and P. fusinus.
Optimal pulse configuration for peripheral inductive nerve stimulation
Authors: Rapp J , Braun P , Hemmert W , Gleich B 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Peripheral magnetic stimulation is a promising technique for several applications like rehabilitation or diagnose of neuronal pathways. However, most available magnetic stimulation devices are designed for transcranial stimulation and require high-power, expensive hardware. Modern technology such as rectangular pulses allows to adapt parameters like pulse shape and duration in order to reduce the required energy. Nevertheless, the effect of different temporal electromagnetic field shapes on neuronal structures is not yet fully understood. We created a simulation environment to find out how peripheral nerves are affected by induced magnetic fields and what pulse shapes have the lowest energy requirements. Using the electric field distribution of a figure-of-8 coil together with an axon model in saline solution, we calculated the potential along the axon and determined the required threshold current to elicit an action potential. Further, for the purpose of selective stimulation, we investigated different axon diameters. Our results show that rectangular pulses have the lowest thresholds at a pulse duration of 20 μs. For sinusoidal coil currents, the optimal pulse duration was found to be 40 μs. Most importantly, with an asymmetric rectangular pulse, the coil current could be reduced from 2.3 kA (cosine shaped pulse) to 600 A. In summary, our results indicate that for magnetic nerve stimulation the use of rectangular pulse shapes holds the potential to reduce the required coil current by a factor of 4, which would be a massive improvement.
CPU-GPU coupling independent reaction times method in NASIC and application in water radiolysis by FLASH irradiation
Authors: Hu Ankang , Qiu Rui , Wu Zhen , Zhang Hui , Li Junli 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The mechanism of the FLASH effect remains unclear and could be revealed by studying chemical reactions during irradiation. Monte Carlo simulation of the radiolytic species is an effective tool to analyze chemical reactions, but the simulation is limited by computing costs of the step-by-step simulation of radiolytic species, especially when considering beam with complex time structure. The complexity of the time structure of beams from accelerators in FLASH radiotherapy requires a high-performance Monte Carlo code. In this work, we develop a CPU-GPU coupling accelerating code with the independent reaction times (IRT) method to extend the chemical module of our nanodosimetry Monte Carlo code NASIC. Every chemical molecule in the microenvironment contains time information to consider the reactions from different tracks and simulate beams with complex time structures. Performance test shows that our code significantly improved the computing efficiency of the chemical module by four orders of magnitude. Then the code is used to study the oxygen depletion hypothesis in FLASH radiotherapy for different conditions by setting different parameters. The transient oxygen consumption rate values in the water are calculated when the pulses width ranges from 2 ps to 2 μs, the total dose ranges from 0.5 Gy to 100 Gy and the initial oxygen concentration ranges from 0.1% to 21%. The time evolution curves are simulated to study the effect of the time structure of an electron linear accelerator. Results show that the total dose in several microseconds is a better indicator reflecting the radiolytic oxygen consumption rate than the dose rate. The initial oxygen greatly affects the oxygen consumption rate because of the reaction competition. The diffusion of oxygen determined by the physiological parameters is the key factor affecting oxygen depletion during the radiation using electron linear accelerators. Our code provides an efficient tool for simulating water radiolysis in different conditions.