bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Head Face and Neck Surgeon Deployment in the New French Role 2: The Damage Control Resuscitation and Surgical Team
Authors: Fawaz Rayan , Dagain Arnaud , Pons Yoann , Haen Pierre , Froussart Françoise , Caruhel Jean Baptiste 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
High-intensity conflict is back after decades of asymmetric warfare. With the increase in the incidence of head, face, and neck (HFN) injuries, the French Medical Military Service has decided to deploy HFN surgeons in the new French Role 2: the Damage Control, Resuscitation, and Surgical Team (DCRST). This study aims to provide an overview of HFN French surgeons from their initial training, including the surgical skills required, to their deployment on the DCRST.

Materials and Methods
The DCRST is a tactical mobile medico-surgical structure with several configurations depending on the battlefield, mission, and flux of casualties. It represents the new French paradigm for the management of combat casualties, including HFN injuries.

Results
The HFN’s military surgeon training starts during residency with rotation in the different subspecialties. The HFN surgeon follows a training course called “The French Course for Deployment Surgery” that provides sufficient background to manage polytrauma, including HFN facilities on modern warfare. We have reviewed the main surgical procedures required for an HFN military surgeon.

Conclusion
The systematic deployment of HFN surgeons in Role 2 is a specificity of the French army as well as the HFN surgeon’s training.
Currently, the feedback from an asymmetric conflict is encouraging. However, it will have to innovate to adapt to modern warfare.
Origin and chromatin remodeling of young X/Y sex chromosomes in catfish with sexual plasticity
Authors: Gong Gaorui , Xiong Yang , Xiao Shijun , Li Xi-Yin , Huang Peipei , Liao Qian , Han Qingqing , Lin Qiaohong , Dan Cheng , Zhou Li , Ren Fan , Zhou Qi , Gui Jian-Fang , Mei Jie 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTAssembly of a complete Y chromosome is a significant challenge in animals with an XX/XY sex-determination system. Recently, we created YY-supermale yellow catfish by crossing XY males with sex-reversed XY females, providing a valuable model for Y-chromosome assembly and evolution. Here, we assembled highly homomorphic Y and X chromosomes by sequencing genomes of the YY supermale and XX female in yellow catfish, revealing their nucleotide divergences with only less than 1% and with the same gene compositions. The sex-determining region (SDR) was identified to locate within a physical distance of 0.3 Mb by FST scanning. Strikingly, the incipient sex chromosomes were revealed to originate via autosome–autosome fusion and were characterized by a highly rearranged region with an SDR downstream of the fusion site. We found that the Y chromosome was at a very early stage of differentiation, as no clear evidence of evolutionary strata and classical structure features of recombination suppression for a rather late stage of Y-chromosome evolution were observed. Significantly, a number of sex-antagonistic mutations and the accumulation of repetitive elements were discovered in the SDR, which might be the main driver of the initial establishment of recombination suppression between young X and Y chromosomes. Moreover, distinct three-dimensional chromatin organizations of the Y and X chromosomes were identified in the YY supermales and XX females, as the X chromosome exhibited denser chromatin structure than the Y chromosome, while they respectively have significantly spatial interactions with female- and male-related genes compared with other autosomes. The chromatin configuration of the sex chromosomes as well as the nucleus spatial organization of the XX neomale were remodeled after sex reversal and similar to those in YY supermales, and a male-specific loop containing the SDR was found in the open chromatin region. Our results elucidate the origin of young sex chromosomes and the chromatin remodeling configuration in the catfish sexual plasticity.
Enthymising
Authors: Del Mar Maksymilian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article offers, through a reading of James Fredal’s new study, The Enthymeme, an argument for the value of the history of rhetoric to theories of legal reasoning. The argument is inspired by Fredal’s call, in his ingenious reading of the practice of Ancient Greek oratory, for a shift in thinking of the enthymeme as a logical form, and an inadequate or imperfect one (when compared to the logical forms of dialectic), towards a way of thinking that emphasises enthymising as an activity, and specifically a relational and interactive activity of making narrative. At the heart of legal reasoning, on this view, is narrativity, which has two related elements: (i) the arts of storytelling and (ii) the arts of storyworld construction, or actively and creatively experiencing the told. What makes a narrative difference—for instance, various kinds of enthymising, or bringing to mind of narrative details—also makes a normative one. Enthymising, understood in this way, thus offers a way of understanding legal reasoning as a rhetorical art of making narratives that is deeply emotional, embodied and sensory. This art illuminates not only the making of arguments by advocates in particular cases, but also the making of law by judges and others over time.
Quantification of Needle Angles for Traditional Lumbar Medial Branch Radiofrequency Ablation: An Osteological Study
Authors: Tran John , Campisi Emma S , Agur Anne M R , Loh Eldon 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Clinical outcomes following lumbar medial branch radiofrequency ablation (RFA) have been inconsistent. One possible reason is less-than-optimal placement of the electrode along the medial branch at the lateral neck of superior articular process (SAP). Needle angles that define optimal placement (i.e., parallel to the medial branch) may be helpful for consistent technical performance of RFA. Despite its importance, there is a lack of anatomical studies that quantify RFA needle placement angles.

Objective
To quantify and compare needle angles to achieve parallel placement along the medial branch as it courses on the middle two-quarters of the lateral neck of the SAP at the L1–L5 vertebrae.

Design
Osteological Study.

Methods
Ten lumbar vertebral columns were used in this study. Needles were placed along the periosteum of the middle two-quarters of the lateral neck of SAP. Mean needle angles for L1–L5 were quantified and compared using posterior (n = 100) and lateral (n = 100) photographs.

Results
Mean needle angles varied ranging from 29.29 ± 17.82° to 47.22 ± 16.27° lateral to the parasagittal plane (posterior view) and 33.53 ± 10.23° to 49.19 ± 10.69° caudal to the superior vertebral endplate (lateral view). Significant differences in mean angles were found between: L1/L3 (P = .008), L1/L4 (P = .003), and L1/L5 (P = .040) in the posterior view and L1/L3 (P = .042), L1/L4 (P &lt; .001), L1/L5 (P &lt; .001), L2/L4 (P = .004), and L2/L5 (P = .004) in lateral view.

Conclusions
Variability of needle angles suggest a standard “one-size-fits-all” approach may not be the optimal technique. Future research is necessary to determine optimal patient-specific needle angles from a more detailed and granular analysis of fluoroscopic landmarks.
Effects of bond-randomness and Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interactions on the specific heat at low temperatures of a spherical kagomé cluster in {W72V30}
Authors: Motohashi Mikio , Inoue Kouki , Morita Katsuhiro , Fukumoto Yoshiyuki , Nakano Hiroki 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
For the spin-1/2 spherical kagomé cluster, as well as for the 2D kagomé lattice, many low-energy singlet excitations have been expected to exist in the energy region below the spin gap, which has been actually confirmed by Kihara et al. in their specific heat measurements up to 10 K in {W72V30}, for which the exchange interaction was estimated as J = 115 K. However, the experimental result of the specific heat cannot be reproduced by the theoretical result in the Heisenberg model. Although the theoretical result has a peak around 2 K, the experimental one does not. To elucidate this difference, we incorporate Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya (DM) interactions and bond-randomness into the model Hamiltonian for {W72V30} and calculate the density of states, entropy, and specific heat at low temperatures by using the Lanczos method. We find that DM interactions do not significantly affect the energy distribution of about 10 singlet states above the ground state, which are involved in the peak structure of the specific heat around 2 K, while even 10% bond-randomness disperses this distribution to collapse the 2 K peak. Kihara et al. also reported experimental specific heats under magnetic fields up to 15 T (= 0.17J), and found that the specific heats show almost no magnetic field dependence, which strongly suggests that the bond-randomness is much stronger than the magnetic fields. For example, our calculated specific heats with 50% randomness reproduce the experimental ones up to about 5 K.
Real-world effectiveness and safety of tofacitinib and abatacept in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Hirose Wataru , Harigai Masayoshi , Amano Koichi , Hidaka Toshihiko , Itoh Kenji , Aoki Kazutoshi , Nakashima Masahiro , Nagasawa Hayato , Komano Yukiko , Nanki Toshihiro 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objective
We compared the 52-week effectiveness and safety of tofacitinib (TOF) and abatacept (ABT) in patients with RA in a real-world setting and investigated a role of human leucocyte antigens (HLA)-DRB1 shared epitope (SE) in the effectiveness.

Methods
RA patients starting TOF (n = 187) and ABT (n = 183) were enrolled. Effectiveness was compared after reducing the selection bias to a minimum using the inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) based on propensity scores. The influence of SE alleles on effectiveness was compared within each treatment group. A treatment group comparison was also performed within SE-positive and SE-negative groups.

Results
Herpes zoster and some laboratory abnormalities were more frequent in the TOF group than in the ABT group. Patient characteristics did not differ significantly between treatment groups after adjustments with IPTW. The TOF group had a significantly higher proportion of DAS in 28 joints using ESR (DAS28-ESR) remission at week 52 than the ABT group. The DAS28-ESR at week 12 and thereafter was not affected by the copy number of SE alleles in the TOF group, but decreased significantly as the copy number increased in the ABT group. In SE-positive patients, remission and drug retention rates did not differ significantly between the two treatment groups. In SE-negative patients, the TOF group showed significantly higher remission and drug retention rates than the ABT group.

Conclusion
The present results suggest that TOF is more effective with regard to remission at week 52 based on treatment responses in SE-negative RA patients.
Injectable and biofunctionalized fibrin hydrogels co-embedded with stem cells induce hair follicle genesis
Authors: Chen Haiyan , Ma Xiaoxiao , Zhang Mengqi , Liu Zhonghua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Fibrin-based hydrogels have been widely used in various tissue engineering because of their biocompatibility, biodegradability, tunable mechanical characteristics and nanofibrous structural properties. However, their ability to support stem cells for hair follicle neogenesis is unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of fibrin hydrogels in supporting skin-derived precursors (SKPs) in hair follicle neogenesis. Our results showed that SKPs in fibrin hydrogels with high cell viability and proliferation, the stemness of SKPs could be maintained, and the expression of hair induction signature genes such as akp2 and nestin was enhanced. Moreover, hair follicle reconstruction experiments showed de novo hair genesis in mice and the hairs persisted for a long time without teratoma formation. More importantly, the blood vessels and sebaceous glands were also regenerated. Our study demonstrated that fibrin hydrogels are promising in hair follicle regeneration and have potential application in clinical settings for alopecia and wound healing.
Peer review in funding-by-lottery: A systematic overview and expansion
Authors: Shaw Jamie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Despite the surging interest in introducing lottery mechanisms into decision-making procedures for science funding bodies, the discourse on funding-by-lottery remains underdeveloped and, at times, misleading. Funding-by-lottery is sometimes presented as if it were a single mechanism when, in reality, there are many funding-by-lottery mechanisms with important distinguishing features. Moreover, funding-by-lottery is sometimes portrayed as an alternative to traditional methods of peer review when peer review is still used within funding-by-lottery approaches. This obscures a proper analysis of the (hypothetical and actual) variants of funding-by-lottery and important differences amongst them. The goal of this article is to provide a preliminary taxonomy of funding-by-lottery variants and evaluate how the existing evidence on peer review might lend differentiated support for variants of funding-by-lottery. Moreover, I point to gaps in the literature on peer review that must be addressed in future research. I conclude by building off of the work of Avin in moving toward a more holistic evaluation of funding-by-lottery. Specifically, I consider implications funding-by-lottery variants may have regarding trust and social responsibility.
Using the Health Belief Model to Examine Adherence to Preventive Measures Among Nursing Students During COVID-19
Authors: Okoli Chizimuzo , Brouwer Kent R. , Walmsley Lee Anne 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Associations between health belief model constructs and engagement in COVID-19 preventive practices were examined in a population of 234 nursing students. Most (93 percent/68 percent, respectively) reported occasionally/frequently performing 6-feet physical distancing and wearing face masks/covering in public. Among health belief model constructs, perceived benefits were significantly associated with practicing physical distancing; perceived barriers were associated with lower likelihood. Perceived self-efficacy was associated with a greater likelihood of wearing face masks/covering in public. Nursing students should be provided timely and relevant information on preventive measures based on the recognition of different risk appraisals among students.
Student Perspectives on Sources of Resilience During Nursing School
Authors: Mayer Kala A. , MacMillan Natalie K. , Linehan Kate J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Resilience is important to the academic and career success of nursing students; however, the literature on nursing student resilience is sparse and remains undertheorized. This article describes nursing students’ perspectives on sources of resilience during nursing school at one institution of higher learning. A constant comparative analysis of baccalaureate nursing student focus group responses was performed. Three themes emerged: negative experiences, supportive structures and relationships, and individual coping processes and abilities. Interrelationships between thematic findings highlight the centrality of supportive structures and relationships. Based on these findings, theoretical guidance for future nursing student resilience assessments and interventions is provided.
Increasing Critical Thinking Opportunities Through Post-Conference Simulation in a Pediatric Baccalaureate Nursing Course
Authors: Andries Chelsey , Hall Katie , McCullough Amanda 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Traditional clinical experiences offer opportunities for nursing students to practice critical thinking. However, there are many limitations to planning these clinical experiences. The purpose of this educational activity is to incorporate post-conference simulation with traditional clinical to allow undergraduate nursing students expanded opportunities for enhancing critical thinking. The faculty created high-acuity simulation scenarios, which included a child experiencing respiratory, hematologic, neurological, or cardiovascular complications. After participating in the activity, students completed evaluation and reported increased confidence and preparedness to identify, think critically, and intervene in high-acuity situations.
Association of Occupational Stress With Tinnitus Among Career Firefighters in the United States
Authors: Odes Rachel , Chin Dal Lae , Li Jian , Hong OiSaeng 
Published: October 2022

Objective
This study explores the relationship between occupational stress and tinnitus among firefighters, a group often exposed to two tinnitus risk factors: high stress and noise.

Methods
This cross-sectional study includes 240 firefighters in the United States. Data describing demographic characteristics, occupational stress, noise exposure, and tinnitus were collected by survey. Occupational stress was measured using the short version of the Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire.

Results
Forty-three percent of participants reported experiencing tinnitus within the past month. For occupational stress, higher effort (odds ratio, 1.25; 95% confidence interval, 1.05 to 1.49) and higher effort-reward ratio (odds ratio, 12.28; 95% confidence interval, 3.08 to 48.86) were associated with increased odds of tinnitus, after adjustment for demographic characteristics and noise exposure.

Conclusions
Occupational stress may increase the likelihood of tinnitus for firefighters, an already at-risk group of workers. Health providers should incorporate stress assessment into tinnitus management programs.
A New Hope for Liquid Biopsies: Early Detection of Pancreatic Cancer By Means of Protease Activity Detection in Serum Applying a Hierarchical Decision Structure
Authors: Covarrubias-Zambrano Obdulia , Agarwal Deepesh , Kalubowilage Madumali , Ehsan Sumia , Yapa Asanka S. , Covarrubias Jose , Kasi Anup , Natarajan Balasubramaniam , Bossmann Stefan H. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTOver the last 6 years, five-year survival rate for pancreatic cancer patients has increased from 6 to 10% after the initial diagnosis, which makes it one of the deadliest cancer types. This disease is known as the “silent killer” because early detection is challenging due to the location of the pancreas in the body and the nonspecific clinical symptoms. The Bossmann group has developed ultrasensitive nanobiosensors for protease/arginase detection comprised of Fe/Fe3O4nanoparticles, cyanine 5.5, and designer peptide sequences linked to TCPP. Initial data obtained from both gene expression analysis and protease/arginase activity detection in serum indicated the feasibility of early pancreatic cancer detection. Several matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs, -1, -3, and -9), cathepsins (CTS) B and E, neutrophil elastase, and urokinase plaminogen activator (uPA) have been identified as candidates for proximal biomarkers. In this study, we have confirmed our initial results from 2018 performing serum sample analysis assays using a larger group sample size (n=159), which included localized (n=33) and metastatic pancreatic cancer (n=50), pancreatitis (n=26), and an age-matched healthy control group (n=50). The data obtained from the eight nanobiosensors capable of ultrasensitive protease and arginase activity measurements were analyzed by means of an optimized information fusion-based hierarchical decision structure. This permits the modeling of early-stage detection of pancreatic cancer as a multi-class classification problem. The most striking result is that this methodology permits the detection of localized pancreatic cancers from serum analyses with 96% accuracy.
The predictive value of renal resistance index and plasma cystatin C in pregnancy-related acute kidney injury
Authors: Tian Suochen , Chang Zhenqin , Wang Qiang , Wu Min , Xu Zhiping , Tian Longying , Sui Yuanda , Cui Yujing , Tian Hui , Zou Xiuli , Liu Mingxin , Wu Tiejun 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveTo analyze the predictive value of renal resistance index (RRI) and plasma cystatin C (pCysC) in pregnancy-related acute kidney injury (PR-AKI).MethodsThis study included 182 pregnant women admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) between May 2016 and June 2021. Intensivists who had received full-time bedside ultrasound Doppler training performed RRI measurements, and blood was drawn to monitor serum creatinine (Scr) and pCysC concentrations. The study continued for 3 consecutive days, marked as the first day, the second day, and the third day, during which the hourly urine output (UO) was monitored and recorded. According to the AKI diagnostic staging criteria, patients with AKI were divided into stages I, II, and III and comprised the study group (Group A), and patients without AKI served as the control group (Group B).ResultsOf the 182 enrolled patients, 35 (19.2%) were diagnosed with AKI, including 23 (65.7%) with stage I, 9 with stage II (25.7%), and 3 with stage III (8.6%). Three were excluded owing to the requirement of continuous blood purification. Therefore, 179 patients, 32 in Group A and 147 in Group B, were included. The Scr, pCysC, and RRI of Group A increased on the first, second, and third days, but there was a gradual decrease over time. Each period was compared with the corresponding period in Group B, and there were significant differences (P<0.05). All patients in Group A met the diagnostic criterion of Scr concentration in AKI, and only 34.4% of the patients met the diagnostic criterion of UO. According to the D1 monitoring results, the proportions of increased pCysC and RRI in Group A were 87.5% and 81.3%, respectively. They were significantly different from those in Group B (P<0.001). The three variables of pCysC, RRI, and the combination of pCysC and RRI all independently correlated with AKI. The sensitivity and specificity of pCysC concentration for the prediction of PR-AKI were 87.5% and 84.35%, respectively, and those of RRI were 81.25% and 76.87%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the combination of the two were 96.88% and 72.11%, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that these indicators had a significant predictive power for PR-AKI. Although the length of stay in the ICU and hospital in Group A was longer (P<0.05), there was no difference in hospital mortality between the two groups (P>0.05).ConclusionThe diagnosis of PR-AKI based only on Scr and UO was insufficient. RRI and pCysC were important supplements for diagnosing PR-AKI, with good sensitivity and specificity. However, combining the two was better.