bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypoperfusion of amygdala in chronic migraine: an exploratory quantitative perfusion imaging using 3D pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling
Authors: Li Xin , Liu Mengqi , Chen Zhiye 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Amygdala, an essential element of the limbic system, has served as an important structure in pain modulation. Although previous studies have described the structural and functional abnormalities of amygdala in chronic migraine (CM), less is known about the altered perfusion. The study aimed to measure amygdala perfusion in CM with a contrast agent-free and quantitative approach. Methods: Thirteen CM patients and 15 normal controls were enrolled in the examination, and were performed with conventional brain structural imaging sequences and 3D pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (3D-PCASL). The amygdala was used as a seed region to extract volume and cerebral blood flow (CBF) value of all subjects. The correlation analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) were used to observe the perfusion changes and explore underlying mechanism of neurolimbic pain-modulation in CM.Results: Decreased cerebral perfusion of bilateral amygdala was identified in CM (left amygdala, 42.21±4.49 ml/100mg/min; right amygdala, 42.38±4.41 ml/100mg/min) compared with NC (left amygdala, 48.31±6.92 ml/100mg/min; right amygdala, 47.88±6.53 ml/100mg/min). There was no any significant correlation between the perfusion of bilateral amygdala and the clinical variables. And there was no significant difference for the bilateral amygdala volume between two groups. The area under curve (AUC) for the CBF value of left and right amygdala were 0.78 (95%CI 0.58-0.91) and 0.75 (95%CI 0.55-0.89), respectively. The cut-off value was 44.24 ml/100mg/min (left amygdala, with sensitivity 76.90% and specificity 78.70%) and 46.75 ml/100mg/min (right amygdala, with sensitivity 92.3% and specificity 58.80%).Conclusion: CM presented hypoperfusion in bilateral amygdala, which had potential diagnostic efficacy in discriminating CM from NC. The 3D-PCASL could be considered as a simple and effective tool to identify the perfusion status in migraine.
Minimally Invasive Surgery for Orchidopexy in Children with Cryptorchidism: Reducing the Need for an Inguinal Incision
Authors: Guo Qiang , Li Xia , Zhong WenWen , Ye Lei , Yao Bing , Ma Bo , Qu Hu , Wang ZhongYang , Qiu JianGuang , Wang Dejuan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Backgroud:
This study was to summarize our experience with minimally invasive surgery in the treatment of boys with cryptorchidism.
Methods
A retrospective study of laparoscopic orchidopexy (group A = 29) and laparoscopic ligation of the patent processus vaginalis (PPV) plus trans-scrotal orchidopexy (group B = 78) was conducted between July 2018 and July 2021.
Results
Seven patients had to be converted to trans-inguinal surgery in group A. In the remaining 22 patients, successful laparoscopic orchidopexy was performed. The discharge rate on post-operative day 1 was 93.5%, but there was no difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). The operative time of group B in bilateral cryptorchidism was significantly shorter than group A (p < 0.05), but there was no difference in the case of unilateral cryptorchidism (p > 0.05). There was no testicular retraction, testicular atrophy, inguinal hernia, or hydrocele during the follow-up period in both groups. Although the incidence of post-operative fever and poor wound healing in group B was higher than in group A, this was not statistically significant (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
Laparoscopic and trans-scrotal surgery are safe and effective methods for patients with cryptorchidism, reducing the need for trans-inguinal surgery.
Hypothalamic proteome analysis of insomnia rats treated by abdominal massage
Authors: Ye Zhang , de Yu Cong , Yufeng WANG , Peng LIU , Wu Siyuan , Zhi Xiaoyu , Lou Huijuan , Zhang Hongshi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: To analyze differential protein expression in the hypothalamus of insomnia rats treated by abdominal massage using proteomic assays.Methods: The insomnia model was established by single intraperitoneal injection of p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) in rats. Then, the rats were divided into four groups, including the blank (B), insomnia model A (MA), insomnia model B (MB) and abdominal massage-treated insomnia (T) groups, with six rats in each group. Behavior experiments were carried out, and differential proteins in the hypothalamus of rats were identified and assessed for biological properties.Results: Based on weight, locomotor activity, righting reflex and Morris water maze (MWM) data, there were statistically significant differences after modeling, indicating the success of model establishment.Comparing the three groups of differential proteins, P97887 (presenilin-1) and A0A0G2JSP8 (creatine kinase) had elevated amounts after modeling and decreased levels after massage. Meanwhile, P19969 (gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5) and Q99P99 (histone deacetylase 4) were significantly decreased after modeling and significantly increased after massage treatment. Of the 4 tested proteins, 3 (presenilin-1, creatine kinase, and GABA alpha-5) showed trends consistent with mass spectrometry.Conclusion: Abdominal massage can treat insomnia by modulating P97887, A0A0G2JSP8, P19969, Q99P99 and other proteins are expressed during the treatment of insomnia.
Quality of life in pregnancy after percutaneous closure of atrial septal defect guided by transthoracic echocardiography
Authors: Qiu Zhi-Huang , Zong Zhen-Fang , Wu Qing-Song , Xiao Jun , Chai Tian-Ci , Chen Xiao-Dong , Shen Yue , Chen Liang-Wan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
We evaluated quality of life (QoL) in pregnant women who underwent transthoracic echocardiography-guided percutaneous closure of atrial septal defects (ASDs).
Methods
A total of 45 pregnant women underwent transthoracic echocardiography-guided percutaneous closure of ASD. We assessed QoL using the short-Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36), and compared results between preoperative and postoperative patients, as well as between those with ASD and healthy pregnant women in their second and third trimesters of pregnancy.
Results
All patients showed improved right ventricular function after operation, and had an NYHA classification of ClassⅠ. Mean SF-36 scores of the postoperative group were better on all sub-scales than those of the pre-operation group (p < 0.05), with the exception of role-emotional and mental health. Mean scores for the preoperative group were also lower on all sub-scales than those of healthy pregnant controls (p < 0.05), with the exception of role-physical, role-emotional, and mental health. There was no difference between the postoperative group and healthy pregnant controls. In a subgroup analysis, scores were better in some dimensions (social functioning, and role-emotional) for post-operative patients in the 31–40 years of age group and the group on their second or third pregnancies than those of the 20–30 years of age group and the group on their first pregnancies (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
After closure of ASD, QoL in pregnant women was improved. In a subgroup analysis, the younger women and those on their first pregnancy performed more poorly in some dimensions. This suggested that these groups should receive more proactive intervention.
Efficacy of the shoelace technique for extremity fasciotomy wounds due to compartment syndrome
Authors: Onoe Atsunori , Muroya Takashi , Nakamura Yoshihiro , Nakamura Fumiko , Yagura Takuma , Nakajima Mari , Kishimoto Masanobu , Sakuramoto Kazuhito , Kajino Kentaro , Ikegawa Hitoshi , Kuwagata Yasuyuki 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The shoelace technique for compartment syndrome allows application of sustained tightening tension to an entire wound and intermittent tightening of the shoelace without requiring replacement or anesthesia. We retrospectively evaluated the usefulness of the shoelace technique in the management of extremity fasciotomy wounds before and after its introduction in our institution.
Methods
We targeted 25 patients who were diagnosed as having compartment syndrome and underwent extremity fasciotomy at our hospital from April 2012 to December 2021. The N group, comprising 12 patients treated without the shoelace technique, and the S group, comprising 13 patients treated with the shoelace technique, were compared retrospectively for each endpoint.
Results
There were no significant differences between the two groups in patient background. Compared with the N group patients, a significant number of S group patients avoided skin grafting (S group: n = 0, 0%; N group: n = 6, 50.0%; p < 0.01) and experienced fewer days to final closure (S group: 26.3 ± 13.7 days; N group: 49.6 ± 36.2 days, p = 0.041).
Conclusions
We considered the shoelace technique to be a useful wound closure method for fasciotomy wounds caused by compartment syndrome because it can reduce skin grafting and shorten the wound closure period.
Role of Corneal Epithelial Thickness during Myopic Regression in Femtosecond Laser-Assisted in Situ Keratomileusis and Transepithelial Photorefractive Keratectomy
Authors: Li Hua , Han Qichao , Zhang Jiafan , Shao Ting , Wang Huifeng , Long Keli 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The study aimed to investigate the relationship between changes in corneal epithelial thickness and the outcome of myopic regression after femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) and transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (TPRK).
Methods
This study included 45 eyes of 25 patients undergoing FS-LASIK and 44 eyes of 24 patients undergoing TPRK. Myopic regression occurred in these patients postoperatively from 8 to 21 months. The corneal epithelial thickness was measured using a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography at the onset of regression, 3 months after treatment, and 3 months after drug withdrawal.
Results
Compared with that of preoperation, corneal epithelial thickness increased when regression occurred in both groups (all P < 0.05). The thickness of central corneal epithelium in FS-LASIK and TPRK groups reached 65.02 ± 4.12 µm and 61.63 ± 2.91 µm, respectively. The corneal epithelial thickness decreased when myopic regression subsided after 3 months of steroid treatment compared to the onset (P < 0.05). With a decrease in corneal epithelial thickness, the curvature of the anterior corneal surface, central corneal thickness, and refractive power all decreased (all P < 0.05). The corneal epithelial thickness and refractive error remained relatively stable after 3 months of treatment withdrawal (P > 0.05).
Conclusions
The corneal epithelial thickness determined the outcome of myopic regression similarly in FS-LASIK and TPRK. When the corneal epithelium thickened, regression occurred. After steroid treatment, epithelial thickness decreased whereas regression subsided.
Experimental and numerical investigations of an asymmetric multi-bolted connection preloaded and subjected to monotonic loads
Authors: Grzejda Rafał , Kwiatkowski Konrad , Parus Arkadiusz 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The experimental tests of seven-bolted connection with an asymmetric contact area between the joined elements are presented. The research was divided into two stages. In the first one, the connection was preloaded in a three-pass cycle. In the second stage, the connection was loaded with a monotonic alternating force applied at an angle of 30 degrees to the contact surface of the joined elements in order to generate compressive and shear forces in the connection. The tests were carried out with the use of the INSTRON 8850 testing machine. As a result of the research, the courses of forces in the bolts measured with use of resistance strain gauges and the relative displacements between the joined elements measured with an extensometer were shown. In the second part of the paper, the modelling of the connection in the convention of the finite element method is presented. The joined elements were modelled with use of spatial finite elements, and the fasteners – as a hybrid elements made of deformable beams, rigid heads and rigid nuts. The paper is completed with a comparison of the results obtained from the measurements and calculations, on the basis of which conclusions important from the point of view of the FEM analyst were drawn.
A contextual association between malaria and urbanization: Temporal and spatial analysis in Ghana
Authors: Savi Merveille Koissi , Pandey Bhartendu , Swain Anshuman , Lim Jeongki , Callo-Concha Daniel , Wahjib Mohammed , Borgemeister Christian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In West Africa, malaria is a leading cause of disease-induced fatalities. While it is generally thought that urbanization reduces malaria incidence, the relationship between urbanicity, i.e., the impact of living in urban areas, and transmission remains unclear. This study aims to explore this association in Ghana, using eight district-level datasets comprising epidemiological, health, hygiene, and education data over four years (2015–2018) aggregated by sex and age groups. Applying a series of aspatial and spatial quantitative analysis methods, we showed significant heterogeneity in malaria incidences across space and socio-demographic groups. We find that the determinants of malaria incidence vary depending on the degree of urbanization. Moreover, there is a seasonal signature of malaria temporal dynamic that is not perceptible in big urban regions. A denser population in urban areas is associated with an increased malaria incidence. In peri-urban areas, an increase in malaria incidence is associated with a denser vegetation cover. In rural areas, built areas are associated with an increase in malaria incidence. The findings suggest that understanding and addressing malaria incidences vis-à-vis urbanization will require a focus on these contextual factors.
How ornithopters can perch autonomously on a branch
Authors: Zufferey Raphael , Barbero Jesus Tormo , Talegon Daniel Feliu , Nekoo Saeed Rafee , Acosta Jose Angel , Ollero Anibal 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Flapping wings are a bio-inspired method to produce lift and thrust in aerial robots, leading to quiet and efficient motion. The advantages of this technology are safety and maneuverability, and physical interaction with the environment, humans, and animals. However, to enable substantial applications, these robots must perch and land. Despite recent progress in the perching field, flapping-wing vehicles, or ornithopters, are to this day unable to stop their flight on a branch. In this paper, we present a novel method that defines a process to reliably and autonomously land an ornithopter on a branch. This method describes the joint operation of a flapping-flight controller, a close-range correction system and a passive claw appendage. Flight is handled by a triple pitch-yaw-altitude controller and integrated body electronics, permitting perching at 3 m/s. The close-range correction system, with fast optical branch sensing compensates for position misalignment when landing. This is complemented by a passive bistable claw design can lock and hold 2 Nm of torque, grasp within and can re-open thanks to an integrated tendon actuation. The perching method is supplemented by a four-step experimental development process which optimizes for a successful design. We validate this method with a 700 g ornithopter and demonstrate the first autonomous perching flight of a flapping-wing robot on a branch, a result replicated with a second robot. This work paves the way towards the application of flapping-wing robots for long-range missions, bird observation, manipulation, and outdoor flight.
On the Tensile-Shear and Tensile-Peel Strengths of Resistance Spot-Welded Joints 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheets
Authors: Pluphrach Ganwarich - , Phetcharat Sudniran - , Utaikaifa Torsak - , Pluphrach Kanviroon - 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The key technology involved in resistance spot welding when considering the quality of the weld on tensile-shear and tensile-peel testing. The strengths of the material specimens 316L austenitic stainless steel sheet with a thickness of 2 mm, formed as a result of the appropriate welding current. Welding machines according to this technology use a controlled current of 59 kVA. It is also equipped with a pneumatic actuator with a single lever used for specimen preparation in the welding section. The times for welding are considered to be 18, 20, and 22 cycles where the welding current increased from 7 kA to 9 kA is regarded in 1 kA increments. The applied force on the electrode is constant at 3.2 kN. The prepared weld specimens are subjected to a tensile-shear and tensile-peel test, provided in the diagrams, and ultimately, the appropriate welding parameters will be effective for the benefit of the relevant industry.
The role of Photobiomodulation therapy in the treatment of head and neck radiotherapy-related trismus: a single-arm clinical trial
Authors: Borges Marcela Maria Fontes , Malta Cássia Emanuella Nóbrega , Carlos Anna Clara Aragão Matos , Crispim André Alves , de Moura José Fernando Bastos , Rebouças Lievin Matos , Coelho Bruna Carolina , de Albuquerque Clarissa Gondim Picanço , Silva Paulo Goberlânio Barros 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Trismus is a common adverse effect in patients with head and neck cancer. Patients have a limitation of mouth opening (< 35mm), which can compromise maxillomandibular function. The cancer treatment itself can lead to its emergence, with surgery and radiotherapy being the most involved. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a PBMT protocol for treating and reducing the severity of trismus in patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck cancer.
Material and Methods
Sixteen patients who had a mouth opening < 35mm and were undergoing RT were included. The patients were evaluated daily before and after the PBMT application, measuring mouth opening and performing pain scores for the masticatory muscles using the VAS scale. We used the infrared laser (~ 808nm) extraoral, 0.1W power, 3J energy, 30s (30.61/cm2) per point, applied to temporalis anterior, masseter, and TMJ muscles. We used one intraoral point with the same wavelength and energy density as the others for the medial pterygoid muscle.
Results
The mean mouth opening of the patients increased by more than 7 mm throughout the treatment. The pain scores on the initial days showed an immediate reduction after PBMT on the ipsilateral side in the muscles and TMJ. Throughout PBMT applications, there was a significant reduction in pain scores in all muscles and the TMJ. The radiation dose of all patients was above 40Gy, which is the threshold dose for the risk of developing trismus. PBMT in patients with mouth opening < 35mm has been responsible for long-term improvement in mouth opening limitation and pain during mouth opening.
Conclusion
It is suggested that PBMT helps in pain control by anti-inflammatory muscle pathways. Further studies are needed to evaluate the preventive capacity of this or other PBMT protocols in trismus related to RT of HNC.
Cartilage intermediate layer protein attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis through the TGF-β1/Smad3 negative feedback loop
Authors: Zou Hua , Liu Feng , Cheng Jingsong , Li Xushan , Guan Hong , Liu Chunlei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a chronic, progressive interstitial lung disease, has multiple etiologies. It is characterized by excess myofibrocyte aggregation and extracellular matrix deposition. However, its pathomechanisms have not been conclusively elucidated. We performed a comprehensive study of mRNAs in human pulmonary fibrosis using GSE10667 microarray data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and identified differentially expressed mRNAs among end-stage pulmonary fibrosis (EPF), acute pulmonary fibrosis (APF) and paired non-fibrosis matched tissues. The Cartilage intermediate layer protein (CILP) mRNA was upregulated in pulmonary fibrosis and myofibroblasts upon TGF-β1 activation. However, its role in pulmonary fibrosis is unclear. Therefore, we investigated the potential effects and mechanisms of CILP on pulmonary fibrosis. In vitro, CILP attenuated TGF-β1-myofibroblast activation and inflammatory responses. Mechanistically, CILP inhibited TGF-β1-induced Smad3 activities by suppressing Smad3 phosphorylation and inhibiting its nuclear translocation by competitively binding ALK5. In vivo, CILP reduced bleomycin-induced inflammation and collagen deposition. In conclusion, CILP inhibited TGF-β1-induced inflammation and fibrosis via its negative feedback loop.
Establishment and Characterization of 21 Human Colorectal Cancer Patient-Derived Organoids
Authors: Nam Hee-Ju , Lee Ja-Oh , Kim Min-Jung , Park Ji-Won , Jeong Seung-Yong , Ku Ja-Lok 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortalities in Korea. It is also the third most frequently diagnosed malignancy worldwide. To significantly improve its oncologic outcome, there is a need to study the diagnosis and treatment strategies further.
Methods
We established 21 patients-derived organoids from 20 patients with CRC, and characterized their cellular and molecular features. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed for these organoids to obtain mutational profiles. It generally took 3 ~ 4 weeks for organoids to grow enough for DNA/RNA extraction and drug screening. The research protocol was reviewed and approved by the institutional review board of the Seoul National University Hospital (IRB No. 1102-098-357).
Results
Single nucleotide variations, in-frame deletions and insertions, and splice site mutations of CRC related genes were found and classified based on their existing pathogenicity reports from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Heterogeneity was confirmed by comparing the expression of each organoid in the major cancer pathway through RNA sequencing. Also, drug sensitivity assay was performed to measure cell viability after treatment with 24 anti-cancer drugs approved by FDA.
Conclusion
We used the organoid model to identify tumor heterogeneity through various screening. By integrating mutational profiles of WES, RNA-seq, and drug screening results, we could elucidate which mechanism went wrong. Results suggested that tumor heterogeneity should be considered when using organoids as a preclinical model and that organoids are a suitable platform for use in precision medicine. Organoid model is meaningful because we can figure out what therapy will be good for a patient in vitro in a few weeks so that clinical application can be suggested.