bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Application of Sharia Maqashid on the Protection of the Rights of Minority of Muslim Rohingya in Regional ASEAN (Indonesia-Malaysia)
Authors: Towadi Mellisa 
Published: June 2022

This study aims, first, to analyze the application of the principles of Maqashid Sharia as a principle of human rights protection against the Rohingya Muslim minority. Second, assess the extent of regional efforts (ASEAN) to protect the Rohingya Muslim minority is based on the principles of Maqashid Sharia. This study is normative juridical, i.e basic research study is conceived as legal norms or rules which apply, both contained Islamic Law and International Law. Further, legal materials collected in the process were analyzed based approach to the law (statute approach) and qualitative approach. The results showed, first, the principle of Maqashid sharia are the fundamental principles that are in line with international human rights principles set forth in the Universal Declaration Human Rights of 1948, the ASEAN Charter and the international conventions that have been globally accepted. Its application carries its own moral responsibility for the ASEAN region, to encourage its member countries (particularly Indonesia and Malaysia) obligations responsibility to protect (R2P) to the ethnic Rohingya. When referring to the ASEAN charter alone, especially member states Indonesia and Malaysia will be very limited in giving aid directly to the territory of the Rohingya, given in addition to avoiding any intervention factor that arises, as well as the government of Myanmar has declared the anti-Islamic rule in the territories of its constitution. This is the regional challenges, especially for Indonesia and Malaysia as member states that embrace the principles of Islamic law once the state of the organization with Myanmar. Secondly, efforts should be made Indonesia and Malaysia are fulfilling rights Rohingya people merely when they became refugees or asylum seeker in the country. The rights can be met as a complement of the principle maqashid sharia, among others: a) freedom of religion, the right to life and freedom from fear (maintenance of soul) in this case Indonesia has established the Integrated Community Shelter (ICS) as a residence of Rohingya refugees and build mosques or places worship for Muslims Rohingya named mosque Arakan, b) fulfill the safety assurance, guarantee of human dignity (maintenance of breath), c) custody of ethnic or tribal, the right to marriage to the breeding (maintenance of descent), d) the right to education (maintenance sense), e) the right to receive a decent living by being given the opportunity to earn a living (maintenance of property).
The Implementation of Diversion and Restorative Justice in the Juvenile Criminal Justice System in Indonesia
Authors: Aji Wikan Sinatrio 
Published: June 2022

Children are a younger generation successor to the nation that must be protected. In some cases children can do a mischief that fall into the categories of offenses and called as children in conflict with the law. Children in conflict with the law is different in terms of handling the criminal offenses committed by adults. Currently with Law Number 11 of 2012 on the Criminal Justice System of Children (SPPA) which has sought diversion and restorative justice in terms of handling child conflict with the law. From the results of this study concluded that the policy formulation the concept of diversion and restorative justice pursuant tonLaw Number 11 of 2012 on the Criminal Justice System of Children (SPPA) and its implementation rules have been set regarding policy concept of diversion and restorative justice with the aim that children who commit acts the criminal is no longer confronted in the judicial process but through an alternative solution,namely the completion of which is the restoration to its original state (restorative justice) will but of formulating the policy is still not perfect because it found some weakness. While in the implementation of diversion and restorative justice in the the settlement of children in conflict with the law in Pati District Court already sought remedies which reflect restorative justice approach by implementing law enforcement diversion and restorative justice but there are still many obstacles occurred in the settlement of children in conflict with the law in Pati District Court.
Law Enforcement, Military Discipline, and the Notion of Military Justice: Building a Case for the Constitutional Rights of Service Personnel in Nigeria
Authors: Adegbite Olusola Babatunde 
Published: June 2022

Law enforcement is the pivot on which every society and institution stands and essentially survives on. An institution where enforcement of the law is in abeyance will surely not endure, as whatever goals are set is condemned to smoulder in total indiscipline. Without doubt, no institution would want to set off on that footing. However, where law enforcement takes place in a special institution like the Military, its deployment is bound to raise deep questions regarding the Constitutional rights of the accused persons. Over the years, the Nigerian Military appear to have been caught in this miasma in which the Constitutional rights of its service men has remained trapped in the notion of upholding Military discipline. It is to this end that this paper appraises the question of law enforcement in the Nigerian Military, querying its attitude towards the safeguards of these rights, and accordingly building a case for a new and better regime, in which Constitutional rights of Service personnel are not only guaranteed, but regarded as pre-eminent.
Law Enforcement Policy on Violation of Illegal Cigarette Circulation in Indonesia (Study on Indonesian Customs Directorate General)
Authors: Maulana Cahyo Baskoro Indra 
Published: June 2022

The tax regulation is subject to a criminal act, then the Government in this Directorate of the General of Customs and Excise supervision, the circulation of illegal cigarettes. This research was conducted by the Directorate General of Customs and Excise as well as a crackdown on illegal cigarettes. This research uses the juridical normative method. Results of the study concludes as follows: first, the examination of the goods, examination of the goods, building or other place, letter or document to the goods, or against the people, against the Enforcement of goods and means of transport; and Locking, sealing, and / or sticking a necessary safeguards against goods or means of transport. Second, the efforts of the Directorate General of Performance and Surveillance, Dissemination, coaching against the cigarette companies, opening up information services and billing, complaints against criminal acts of illegal cigarettes.
Cybercrime in ASEAN: Anti-Child Pornography Legislation
Authors: Smith Robert Brian 
Published: June 2022

Child pornography is one of the most pernicious crimes amongst the various forms of cybercrime. Offensive materials can be quickly disseminated over the internet with no respect for international borders. ASEAN leaders undertook at their 31st ASEAN Summit to prevent and tackle cybercrime including harmonising their laws. This paper is based on an analysis of the cybercrime legislation of all ten ASEAN countries to determine how the offence of child pornography is covered in their legislation. As the offence has extra-territorial consequences the analysis includes a discussion of the extraterritorial reach of the legislation. It was found that most of the jurisdictions have specific statutes or specific articles in their Criminal Codes concerning the crime of child pornography. They do not necessarily refer to cybercrime or computer-related crime. Mutual cooperation is essential in combating cybercrime as is legislation that clearly defines the offence and is agreed across all jurisdictions. The paper analyses the current status of harmonization of laws in ASEAN and discusses a possible way forward in the harmonization of anti-child pornography legislation across ASEAN.
The Principle of Non-Refoulement as Jus Cogens: History, Application, and Exception in International Refugee Law
Authors: Syahrin Muhammad Alvi 
Published: June 2022

The existence of the principle of non-refoulement is a necessity and has been institutionalized in the various international legal instruments such as conventions, declarations and in customary international law. Non-refoulement principle is a fundamental concept and considered as the backbone for the entire international refugee legal system. That principle is an international legal norm that has been recognized and affirmed by the international community in multilateral international conventions and other relevant international legal instruments. This principle is very basic in the international protection system for refugees and asylum seekers and cannot be distracted by states in international relations. International organizations also recognize and apply the principle of non-refoulement consistently. The consequence is that states, both invidually and collectively, must not violate this principle. Based on legal procedures, a country can take different actions with the obligation to implement the non-refoulement principle.
When Duty Calls, Resident Physicians Answer: Learning to Take Transfer Calls
Authors: Harris Baila , Bartlett Deirdre , Seiplinga Kira , Hadley Andrea 
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Transitions of care are error-prone. Standardized handoffs at transitions improve safety. There are limited published curricula teaching residents to perform interfacility transfer calls or providing a framework for performance evaluation. The objective of this study was to measure the impact of a workshop utilizing a standardized handoff tool on resident-reported confidence in taking transfer calls and observed behavioral change in a simulated environment.

METHODS
A pre- and posteducational intervention trial was performed at a large children’s hospital in March 2021. A 1-hour session highlighting the importance of phone communication, outlining an evidence-based handoff tool, and reviewing cases was delivered to 44 of 75 residents who attended scheduled didactics. The workshop’s effectiveness was measured by rating behavioral change in a simulated environment. Calls were scored by using a 0 to 24 summative score checklist created from the handoff tool. A paired t test was used to analyze the differences in pre- and postintervention scores. Resident confidence, knowledge of the call process, and perceived importance of skill were measured with an internally developed retrospective pre- and postsurvey. The survey results were analyzed with a Wilcoxon rank test and Kruskal-Wallis test.

RESULTS
Behaviors in a simulated environment, measured by an average score on the grading checklist, had a mean score increase of 6.52 points (P &lt;.0001). Of the participants, 95% completed the survey, which revealed that reported confidence, knowledge of the transfer call process, and importance of transfer call skills increased significantly (P &lt;.0001).

CONCLUSIONS
This workshop improved resident behaviors in a simulated environment, confidence, and knowledge of the transfer call process, demonstrating the utility of providing a standardized tool and education to improve transitions of care.
Postmenopausal women with high TNF-α concentrations presented less reduction in fat and blood lipids
Authors: Almeida Jamylle Araújo , Pires Liliane Viana , Lima Luana Edla , Santana Francismayne Batista , Júnior Walderi Monteiro da Silva , Grigoletto Marzo Edir da Silva , Netto Raquel Simões Mendes 
Published: June 2022

Aims: evaluate the effects of a high-protein diet associated with physical exercise on inflammatory markers and body composition. Methods: the study is a 12-week clinical trial of 26 postmenopausal women who received an individualized high-protein food plan and participated in three multicomponent training sessions each week. Food intake was monitored through eight 24-hour food recalls, and the habitual food intake was estimated. At the beginning and end of the study, anthropometric variables were measured; fat content and lean mass were estimated using formulas, and blood was collected for C-reactive protein (CRP) quantification, including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-18. One-way ANOVA was performed.Results: it was identified that 13 participants had a high-protein (HP) diet and 13 had a standard-protein (SP) diet. The HP group lost weight (p = 0.032); however, there were no changes in the fat content, the lean mass content, or the inflammatory markers. Only women who started the program with lower TNF-α values showed significant loss of total fat (p = 0.049), visceral fat (p = 0.037), triglycerides (p = 0.031), and LDL cholesterol (p = 0.003). Conclusion: postmenopausal women with high concentrations of inflammatory markers are less responsive to strategies for modifying body composition.
Analysing the implications of the Health Transformation Program on perceptions of the welfare state and public services in Turkey
Authors: Konuralp Emrah , Dayioğlu Nurten 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The neoliberal structural adjustment policies in Turkey moved on to a new phase with the Health Transformation Program (HTP) that came into effect in 2003. In this study, 5,002 people, who used the services of the public hospitals in Istanbul, participated in a face-to-face survey to find out the impact of the HTP on the public's understanding of the welfare state and also the impact on their opinions over the healthcare services offered by the state. The data were classified into two topics: First, the transformation of the welfare state and second, the adequacy of the public healthcare services. Interestingly, the participants took a much more explicit stance against the neoliberal transformation of the welfare state than against the adequacy of the public healthcare service provision. The primary purpose of this research was to expose this paradox.
Radial Restraint: A Semantically Clean Approach to Bounded Rationality for Logic Programs
Authors: Grosof Benjamin , Swift Terrance 
Published: June 2022

Declarative logic programs (LP) based on the well-founded semantics (WFS) are widely used for knowledge representation (KR). Logical functions are desirable expressively in KR, but when present make LP inferencing become undecidable. In this paper, we present radial restraint: a novel approach to bounded rationality in LP. Radial restraint is parameterized by a norm that measures the syntactic complexity of a term, along with an abstraction function based on that norm. When a term exceeds a bound for the norm, the term is assigned the WFS's third truth-value of undefined. If the norm is finitary, radial restraint guarantees finiteness of models and decidability of inferencing, even when logical functions are present. It further guarantees soundness, even when non-monotonicity is present. We give a fixed-point semantics for radially restrained well-founded models which soundly approximate well-founded models. We also show how to perform correct inferencing relative to such models, via SLG_ABS, an extension of tabled SLG resolution that uses norm-based abstraction functions. Finally we discuss how SLG_ABS is implemented in the engine of XSB Prolog, and scales to knowledge bases with more than 10^8 rules and facts.
Dialogue Understanding in a Logic of Action and Belief
Authors: Gabaldon Alfredo , Langley Pat 
Published: June 2022

In recent work, Langley et al. (2014) introduced UMBRA, a systemfor plan and dialogue understanding. The program applies a form of abductive inference to generate explanations incrementally from relational descriptions of observed behavior and knowledge inthe form of rules. Although UMBRA's creators described the systemarchitecture, knowledge, and inferences, along with experimental studies of its operation, they did not provide a formalization of its structures or processes. In this paper, we analyze both aspects of the architecture in terms of the Situation Calculus — a classicallogic for reasoning about dynamical systems — and give a specification of the inference task the system performs. After this, we state some properties of this formalization thatare desirable for the task of incremental dialogue understanding. We conclude by discussing related work and describing our plans for additional research.
The Dynamic Chinese Restaurant Process via Birth and Death Processes
Authors: Huang Rui , Zhu Fengyuan , Heng Pheng-Ann 
Published: June 2022

We develop the Dynamic Chinese Restaurant Process (DCRP) which incorporates time-evolutionary feature in dependent Dirichlet Process mixture models. This model can capture the dynamic change of mixture components, allowing clusters to emerge, vanish and vary over time. All these macroscopic changes are controlled by tracing the birth and death of every single element. We investigate the properties of dependent Dirichlet Process mixture model based on DCRP and develop corresponding Gibbs Sampler for posterior inference. We also conduct simulation and empirical studies to compare this model with traditional CRP and related models. The results show that this model can provide better results for sequential data, especially for data with heterogeneous lifetime distribution.
"Is It Rectangular?" Using I Spy as an Interactive, Game-Based Approach to Multimodal Robot Learning
Authors: Parde Natalie , Papakostas Michalis , Tsiakas Konstantinos , Nielsen Rodney 
Published: June 2022

Training robots about the objects in their environment requires a multimodal correlation of features extracted from visual and linguistic sources. This work abstracts the task of collecting multimodal training data for object and feature learning by encapsulating it in an interactive game, I Spy, played between human players and robots. It introduces the concept of the game, briefly describes its methodology, and finally presents an evaluation of the game's performance and its appeal to human players.
A Multi-Pass Sieve for Name Normalization
Authors: D'Souza Jennifer 
Published: June 2022

We propose a simple multi-pass sieve framework that applies tiers of deterministic normalization modules one at a time from highest to lowest precision for the task of normalizing names. While a sieve based architecture has been shown effective in coreference resolution, it has not yet been applied to the normalization task. We find that even in this task, the approach retains its characteristic features of being simple, and highly modular. In addition, it also proves robust when evaluated on two different kinds of data: clinical notes and biomedical text, by demonstrating high accuracy in normalizing disorder names found in both datasets.
Infusing Human Factors into Algorithmic Crowdsourcing
Authors: Yu Han , Miao Chunyan , Shen Zhiqi , Lin Jun , Leung Cyril , Yang Qiang 
Published: June 2022

Algorithmic Crowdsourcing (AC) is an emerging field in which computational methods are proposed to automate cer- tain aspects of crowdsourcing. A number of AC methods have proposed recently in an attempt to address this problem. However, existing AC approaches are based on highly simplified models of worker behaviour which limit their practical applicability. To make efficient utilization of human resources for crowdsourcing tasks, the following tech- nical challenges remain open: Fairness of the solution, temporal changes in behaviour, optimizing wellbeing, and non-compliance by users. For AI researchers to propose effective solutions to these challenges, labelled datasets reflecting various aspects of human decision-making related to task allocation in crowd-sourcing are needed. We construct an anonymized dataset based on player behavior trajectories captured by a multiagent game platform - Agile Manage. It allows players to demonstrate their task delegation strategies under different scenarios based on key characteristics involved in crowdsourcing task allocation. The game adopts implicit human computation in which players contribute data which are valuable for research through informal games.
Child's Rights and the Challenges of Educating the Girl-Child: Assessing the Contributions of UNICEF in Nigeria
Authors: Nwozor Agaptus , Okhillu Blessing 
Published: June 2022

In 2003, Nigeria domesticated the twin international instruments on child rights, the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child and the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child. The resultant legislation from Nigeria’s domestication efforts is the Child’s Rights Act (CRA) of 2003. Despite the provisions of this legislation detailing the elaborate atlas of rights to be enjoyed by the Nigerian child, their fortune especially that of the girl-child, has not got better. At the base of the contentious forces militating against the rights of the girl-child are the cultural and religious norms that are intrinsically embedded in the dominant patriarchal system prevalent in Nigeria, especially in northern Nigeria. These forces are intricately united in marginalizing and precluding the girl-child from accessing education. Using the lens of radical feminism in combination with human-rights based approach, this paper interrogates the challenges faced by the girl-child in accessing education and the interventionist role played by UNICEF to salvage the situation. The paper finds that although the interventionist program of UNICEF, that is, the Nigeria girls’ education project (NGEP), contributed in re-enrolling over one million out-of-school girls back to school, a lot needs to be done to salvage the girl-child from the doldrums of structural alienation that deprives her of access to education.
Evaluation of perioperative parameters in patients undergoing radical cystectomy urinary diversion surgery for bladder cancer
Authors: ERGENOĞLU Pınar , ERSOY Zeynep , ARIBOGAN Anıs 
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of red blood cell transfusion and/or inotropic/vasopressor agent infusion during intraoperative and postoperative first 24-hour period on 30-day and one-year survival.
Materials and Methods: In the final analysis, 133 patients who underwent radical cystectomy and urinary diversion surgery between November 2011 and January 2019 were included in this study. Perioperative anesthesia management early postoperative intensive care patient follow-ups were based on.
Results: A statistically significant relationship was found between intraoperative red blood cell transfusion and one-year mortality rates. A statistically significant relationship was found between red blood cell transfusion in the intensive care unit and postoperative 30-day mortality rates. The relationship between vasopressor/inotrope agent infusion in intensive care unit and postoperative 30-day mortality was statistically significant.
Conclusion: In radical cystectomy and urinary diversion, intraoperative red blood cell and/or inotrope/vasopressor drug administration, and red blood cell transfusion within first 24 postoperative hours in intensive care unit are associated with lower survival rates in both early and late periods. Future studies should focus on developing and implementing different strategies for perioperative blood management and maintenance of patient hemodynamics that may affect early and late outcomes.
Efficacy of high-dose methylprednisolone as a first-line therapy in adult patients with immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: AYDIN Kaniye , GÜRKAN Emel 
Published: June 2022

Purpose: We aimed to compare the efficacy of high-dose methylprednisolone (HDP) with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and conventional prednisolone (CDP) as a first-line therapy in adult patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 140 adult patients with either previously untreated newly diagnosed ITP (n=51) or persistent or chronic ITP (n=22/n=67)) with episodes. Patients with a platelet count