bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulation of box culverts subjected to different physical actions and design regulations
Authors: Afanador Arias M V , Pacheco-Posada J S , Afanador García N 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This research work was intended to provide a broad and suffcient solution to areas of diffcult vehicular traffic, where during the rainy season some watersheds present a non negligible water flow. The research carried out the structural design of different geometries of box culverts, to provide a solution to vehicular continuity in areas affected by water ows that interrupt pedestrian and vehicle traffic, endangering human lives. The structural designs followed the standards established by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Offcials and the Colombian bridge code. The designs were carried out using commercial software SAP2000 for analysis and design through Visual Basic programming, allowing a wide range of geometries and boundary conditions to be established. The structural designs indicated a significant difference in quantities of work in the construction of the box culverts for different geometries, indicating higher volumes of concrete for the designs made using the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Offcials code compared to Colombian bridge code. The Colombian bridge code has higher steel requirements for fills less than 3.00 m, while for greater heights the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Offcials code has the highest steel requirements.
Evaluation of the fire resistance of steel-reinforced concretefilled steel tubular columns with a circular cross-section
Authors: Rojas Suárez J P , Pabón León J A , Orjuela Abril M S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In the present investigation, an analysis of the fire resistance of the steel-reinforced concrete-filled steel tubular columns with circular cross-sections was carried out by means of numerical simulation. The development of the study was carried out by means of numerical simulation to predict the behavior of the column against fire. The results of the numerical model are validated by comparing the temperature levels obtained through experimental tests. From the results obtained, it is shown that the increase in the contact area between the steel and the concrete reduces the average temperature of the column, which implies a greater resistance to fire. The fire resistance of the columns with the steel profile designs are between 3.4 - 3.6 times higher compared to the column only made of concrete, which is an indication of the excellent performance of the steel-reinforced concrete-filled steel tubular columns with circular cross- sections columns. In general, the methodology proposed in this research allows the analysis of the thermal physical phenomena of the different columns used for the construction of buildings.
Resistance under Marshall monotonic load for asphalt concrete mixtures
Authors: Yung-Vargas Y W , Rodríguez-Lizcano A , Peña-Soto C A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The dense hot MDC-19 type asphalt mixes are considered, by the “Instituto Nacional de Vías” in Colombia, as continuous grading asphalt mixes (asphalt concrete). These constitute most of the surface course, in the structures of in-service pavements, being the object of study and research in different projects to ensure their durability. In the present investigation, unlike other investigations, the mechanical behavior under Marshall monotonic load was studied in the laboratory between MDC-19 dense type asphalt mixtures, comparing plant-produced and laboratory-produced asphalt mixtures. To carry out this process, samples of uncompacted asphalt mixtures were taken, produced in four fixed plants, with which Marshall-type briquettes were compacted. Likewise, samples of mineral aggregates and asphalt cement were obtained from the same plants, which constitute the mixtures raw material produced there. With these materials, briquettes with the same characteristics were mixed and compacted. Subsequently, the resistance under Marshall monotonic load was determined on the briquettes manufactured in plant and laboratory. The optimal asphalt cement content was compared between plant and laboratory- produced mixtures. An increase in Marshall Stability was found in the briquettes made with plant-produced mixtures, while these required a greater amount of asphalt cement for their production.
Corrosion resistance evaluation of carbon and vanadium-based sputtered coatings on steel substrates
Authors: Vera C , Sorzano R , Ardila L , Orozco G , Aperador W 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Steels are in constant contact with fluids that could generate corrosion regardless the application in which this steel is located. AISI-SAE 1045 like steels is widely used in different applications in engineering, even several of these parts made of this steel suffers wear processes. The synergy between corrosion and wear phenomena exacerbates the detriment of some physical properties of the material conducing it to a failure. A potential alternative to avoid this issue is to coat the material surface with an anticorrosive material, and among different techniques to produce coatings, physical vapor deposition ones are environmentally friendly, secure and with excellent properties on the final product. We report the production of coatings based on vanadium and carbon on AISI-SAE 1045 steels substrates varying some of the deposition parameters in a sputtering coatings machine. A 23-factorial design of experiments was done with power applied to the vanadium target, power applied to the carbon target and temperature as active factors with two levels each one. A relevant effect of the power applied to V target and temperature on the anticorrosive properties of the coatings was found, thus increasing these factors levels always gives higher surface roughness and higher corrosion rates, this result together provides an important insight into the values that must be considered to achieve good anticorrosive properties on the material. Overall, these results indicate that with low V target power and room temperature, and high C target power the lowest corrosion rates and roughness of the group are achieved, both results agree.
Physical implementation of optimal control over a direct current
Authors: Devia D F , Mesa F , Devia D M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In the next manuscript we will show an interesting physical application of the technique of optimal control over a direct current, more exactly on a direct current motor. For this, the mathematical support or scaffolding that allows to establish the model of the problem will be presented in the development of the document, which contains a basic structure supported in a general dynamic system (linear or non-linear) and an objective function that will depend on the system. Although in essence the optimal control problems correspond to infinite spaces, the finite-dimensional case will be analyzed initially and then made an extension to the case of a quadratic linear regulator for an interval of infinite duration. The results of the implementation of this optimal control technique on a direct current motor will be analyzed by means of Bole diagrams that will represent the frequency response of the system and a follow-up diagram of set points and rejection of disturbances.
Finite element analysis of the voltage induced by a pair of electrodes in a cell membrane
Authors: Devia D F , Mesa F , Devia D M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This document analyses the distribution of the electric potential due to two electrodes that excite a membrane. The solution obtained numerically was approximated by means of the finite element method. The qualitative analysis of the results allows to know the intensity of the electric potential along the membrane in such a way that said electrodes that excite the membrane can be strategically located for academic and clinical purposes. Additionally, in a two- dimensional domain that represents the geometry of a membrane, the finite element method was executed, which allowed the behavior of the potential to be analyzed for an electric pulse at any point in the membrane. The above was generated by two electrodes.
Mathematical model and experimental validation for the prediction of dissolved oxygen saturation in aquaculture ponds
Authors: Valdez-Prudencio K M , Arceo-Diaz S , Bricio-Barrios J A , Bricio-Barrios E E 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Fluid mechanics is one of the oldest areas of physics with the greatest number of applications in everyday life. This area became more versatile when mass and energy transport equations were incorporated. Together, these equations allow describing a wide variety of case studies with great precision. Among cases available in the open literature, aquaculture is one of the most important due to the growing need for food sources for human consumption, the nutritional value of many fish varieties, the low cost of the maintenance of fish farms. Dissolved oxygen is one of the most relevant parameters ensuring water quality in fish farming. Many fish farms use permanent artificial aeration systems for maintaining the oxygen level within the recommended range used, causing an increasing energy consumption. Therefore, this work proposes an equation and validation, based on equations hydraulics and transport phenomenon, capable of determining the maximum concentration of dissolved oxygen in the body from the operating parameters of the tilapia rearing pond.
Simulations of an impulsive model for the growth of fruit trees
Authors: Duque-Marín E , Rojas-Palma A , Carrasco-Benavides M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Mediterranean agricultural systems have been severely affected because of the decrease in rainfall and more frequent and severe droughts due to the global warming phenomenon. The current and future scenario of water deficit could have a negative effect on the growth and development rates of the fruit trees, reflected in the drop of production. To help to face this problem, this work presents a mathematical simulation model of fruit growth with two-time scales: a continuous scale that governs the dynamics of fruit growth and a discrete scale representing the period of time in which the system is intervened with irrigation supply. The results obtained in the simulations allow us to describe and understand the physical phenomena involved in the growth dynamics of fruit trees. In addition, show the importance of the water resource for the growth and development of fruit trees; therefore, a scenario of water deficit would compromise the production and existence of fruit trees.
Biomechanical analysis of grip strength in upper limb rehabilitation
Authors: Hernández Vergel V K , Prada Núñez R , Hernández Suárez C A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This research is based on biomechanics as a science that involves concepts of engineering, mechanics, physic, anatomy, physiology, and many others, to study the human body with the desire to solve certain problems that may affect the performance of an individual in their work or personal level. This work is an investigative process in these areas of scientific and applied disciplines, in which the attention is focused on the hand as a valuable tool for the occupational performance of the human being, since through it is possible to touch, move, grasp, or manipulate objects. Injuries to this limb may be due to various causes, which require complex surgeries and long periods of rehabilitation to be reversed. This research highlights the importance of certain physical concepts that must be understood by the rehabilitation expert in order not to affect the surgery and thus guarantee the maximum functionality of the patient at the end of the recovery cycle.
Energy-resolved neutron imaging with glass gas electron multiplier and dynamic time-over-threshold method
Authors: Mitsuya Yuki , Shimazoe Kenji , Fujiwara Takeshi , Takahashi Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Energy-resolved neutron imaging with pulsed neutron source provides quantitative neutron imaging techniques such as Bragg-edge imaging, resonance absorption imaging, and polarized neutron imaging. Micro-pattern gaseous detectors (MPGDs) such as gas electron multipliers (GEMs) are widely used in neutron detection. In this research, we will report on the first demonstration of energy-resolved neutron imaging with a glass gas electron multiplier (G-GEM) and the dynamic time-over-threshold (dToT) signal processing method. We successfully performed energy-resolved neutron imaging at J-PARC MLF by measuring incident position and the Time-of-Flight (TOF) of each neutron simultaneously.
The impact of inverted density gradients on density profiles measured by reflectometry: an experimental and numerical investigation at ASDEX Upgrade
Authors: Hachmeister D. , Silva C. , Santos J. , Conway G.D. , Gil L. , Silva A. , Stroth U. , Vicente J. , Wolfrum E. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The high-field side high-density (HFSHD) region at ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) is a well-documented phenomenon leading to a dense plasma in the inner divertor region that expands upwards to the midplane, resulting in poloidally asymmetric scrape-off layer density profiles. This work investigates, via simulation and experiment, whether the HFSHD at the midplane leads to hollow density profiles at the high-field side. Using the frequency-modulated continuous-wave O-mode reflectometer at AUG, experimental evidence has been found of reflection patterns compatible with a hollow density profile that are reproduced by 1D full-wave simulations. Furthermore, this work assesses the uncertainties in the density profile reconstruction as a consequence of the inverted gradient, showing that the presence of an HFSHD may lead to an overestimation of the density in the confined region.
Different radiographic imaging modalities with a proton computed tomography demonstrator
Authors: Kaser S. , Bergauer T. , Burker A. , Frötscher I. , Hirtl A. , Irmler C. , Pitters F. , Ulrich-Pur F. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractProton computed tomography aims at improving proton-beam therapy, which is an established method to treat deep-seated tumours in cancer therapy. In treatment planning, the stopping power (SP) within a patient, describing the energy loss of a proton in a tissue, has to be known with high accuracy. However, conventional computed tomography (CT) returns Hounsfield units (HU), which have to be converted to SP values to perform the required treatment planning, thus introducing range uncertainties in the calculated dose distribution. Using protons not only for therapy but also for the preceding planning CT enables the direct measurement of the SP. Hence, this imaging modality eliminates the need for further conversion and therefore offers the possibility to improve treatment planning in proton therapy. In order to examine the principles of such a proton CT (pCT) setup, a demonstrator system, consisting of four double-sided silicon strip detectors and a range telescope, was built. The performance of the pCT demonstrator was tested with measurements at the MedAustron facility in Wiener Neustadt, Austria. In this paper, 2D imaging modalities going beyond the idea of a standard proton radiography, will be discussed. Namely, fluence loss imaging and scattering radiography results obtained with the demonstrator will be shown. The advantage of these modalities is that they do not rely on an additional energy measurement and can therefore be conducted only with the tracker of the demonstrator.
Upgrade of the CMS resistive plate chambers for the high luminosity LHC
Authors: Samalan A. , Tytgat M. , Alves G.A. , Marujo F. , Torres Da Silva De Araujo F. , Da Costa E.M. , De Jesus Damiao D. , Nogima H. , Santoro A. , Fonseca De Souza S. , Aleksandrov A. , Hadjiiska R. , Iaydjiev P. , Rodozov M. , Shopova M. , Soultanov G. , Bonchev M. , Dimitrov A. , Litov L. , Pavlov B. , Petkov P. , Petrov A. , Qian S.J. , Bernal C. , Cabrera A. , Fraga J. , Sarkar A. , Elsayed S. , Assran Y. , El Sawy M. , Mahmoud M.A. , Mohammed Y. , Combaret C. , Gouzevitch M. , Grenier G. , Laktineh I. , Mirabito L. , Shchablo K. , Bagaturia I. , Lomidze D. , Lomidze I. , Bhatnagar V. , Gupta R. , Kumari P. , Singh J. , Amoozegar V. , Boghrati B. , Ebraimi M. , Ghasemi R. , Mohammadi Najafabadi M. , Zareian E. , Abbrescia M. , Aly R. , Elmetenawee W. , De Filippis N. , Gelmi A. , Iaselli G. , Leszki S. , Loddo F. , Margjeka I. , Pugliese G. , Ramos D. , Caponero M. , Benussi L. , Bianco S. , Colafranceschi S. , Russo A. , Passamonti L. , Piccolo D. , Pierluigi D. , Saviano G. , Buontempo S. , Di Crescenzo A. , Fienga F. , De Lellis G. , Lista L. , Meola S. , Paolucci P. , Braghieri A. , Salvini P. , Montagna P. , Riccardi C. , Vitulo P. , Francois B. , Kim T.J. , Park J. , Choi S.Y. , Hong B. , Lee K.S. , Goh J. , Lee H. , Eysermans J. , Uribe Estrada C. , Pedraza I. , Castilla-Valdez H. , Sanchez-Hernandez A. , Mondragon Herrera C.A. , Perez Navarro D.A. , Ayala Sanchez G.A. , Carrillo S. , Vazquez E. , Zaganidis N. , Radi A. , Ahmad A. , Asghar I. , Hoorani H. , Muhammad S. , Shah M.A. , Mandelli B. , Guida R. , Crotty I. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
During the upcoming High Luminosity phase of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC), the integrated luminosity of the accelerator will increase to 3000 fb−1. The expected experimental conditions in that period in terms of background rates, event pileup, and the probable aging of the current detectors present a challenge for all the existing experiments at the LHC, including the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment. To ensure a highly performing muon system for this period, several upgrades of the Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) system of the CMS are currently being implemented. These include the replacement of the readout system for the present system, and the installation of two new RPC stations with improved chamber and front-end electronics designs. The current overall status of this CMS RPC upgrade project is presented.
Electron detection with CdTe and GaAs sensors using the charge integrating hybrid pixel detector JUNGFRAU
Authors: Fröjdh E. , Abrahams J.P. , Andrä M. , Barten R. , Bergamaschi A. , Brückner M. , Chiriotti S. , Dinapoli R. , Greiffenberg D. , Hinger V. , Lovacik L. , King T. , Kozlowski P. , Lopez-Cuenca C. , Jürgen M. , Mezza D. , Mozzanica A. , Ruder C. , Schmitt B. , Hasanaj S. , Thattil D. , van Genderen E. , Vetter S. , Zhang J. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Speed, dynamic range, and radiation hardness make hybrid pixel detectors suitable image detectors for diffraction experiments. At synchrotrons and X-ray free electron lasers they are ubiquitous. However, for electron microscopy their spatial resolution is limited by multiple scattering in the sensor layer. In this paper we examine the use of two high Z sensor materials: CdTe and GaAs, as a way to mitigate this problem. The sensors were bonded to a JUNGFRAU readout chip which is a charge integrating hybrid pixel detector developed for use at X-ray free electron lasers. Using in-pixel gain switching, it can detect single particles down to 2 keV while maintaining a dynamic range of 120 MeV/pixel/frame. The characteristics of JUNGFRAU, besides being a capable detector, make it a good tool for sensor characterization since we can measure dark current and energy deposition per pixel. The high Z material shows better spatial resolution than silicon at 200 and 300 keV, however, their practical use with integrating detectors is still limited by material defects.
Doppler backscattering systems on the Globus-M2 tokamak
Authors: Yashin A.Y. , Bulanin V.V. , Gusev V.K. , Minaev V.B. , Petrov A.V. , Petrov Y.V. , Ponomarenko A.M. , Varfolomeev V.I. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Doppler backscattering (DBS) was successfully previously used on the Globus-M tokamak. The diagnostic was utilised in the form of either a single-frequency or a four-frequency dual homodyne system. It was used primarily for the study of zonal flows, filaments and Alfvén eigenmodes. These phenomena are worth being studied both on the periphery and in the core region of the plasma in a tokamak. For this specific reason two multifrequency DBS systems were installed on the upgraded Globus-M2 tokamak. The first four-frequency system with dual homodyne detection had already been used on the Globus-M tokamak and has lower probing frequencies which provide measurements from the periphery plasma. The second and new six-frequency DBS system was installed with a non-linear transmission line that was adapted to generate probing signals at frequencies 50, 55, 60, 65, 70 and 75 GHz. In general, the range of probing frequencies corresponds to the region of critical plasma densities from 5 × 1018 to 7 × 1019 m−3 at normal incidence. The pyramidal horn antennas are located inside the vacuum vessel with a special cardan-like rotator outside the camera so as to tilt antennas in the toroidal and poloidal directions. A previously developed code was applied to simulate 3D raytracing for all frequency channels. Calculations were carried out for different angles of incidence and for different electron density distributions in order to investigate the possibilities of the implementation of radial and poloidal correlation Doppler reflectometry. Examples of the DBS system application for study of plasma properties in the Globus-M2 tokamak are presented.
Light yield and field dependence measurement in PandaX-II dual-phase xenon detector
Authors: Huang Z. , Abdukerim A. , Bo Z. , Chen W. , Chen X. , Chen Y. , Cheng C. , Cheng Y. , Cui X. , Fan Y. , Fang D. , Fu C. , Fu M. , Geng L. , Giboni K. , Gu L. , Guo X. , Han K. , He C. , He J. , Huang D. , Huang Y. , Hou R. , Ji X. , Ju Y. , Li C. , Li M. , Li S. , Li S. , Lin Q. , Liu J. , Lu X. , Luo L. , Ma W. , Ma Y. , Mao Y. , Meng Y. , Shaheed N. , Ning X. , Qi N. , Qian Z. , Ren X. , Shang C. , Shen G. , Si L. , Sun W. , Tan A. , Tao Y. , Wang A. , Wang M. , Wang Q. , Wang S. , Wang S. , Wang W. , Wang X. , Wang Z. , Wu M. , Wu W. , Xia J. , Xiao M. , Xiao X. , Xie P. , Yan B. , Yan X. , Yang J. , Yang Y. , Yu C. , Yuan J. , Yuan Y. , Zhang D. , Zhang M. , Zhang P. , Zhang T. , Zhao L. , Zheng Q. , Zhou J. , Zhou N. , Zhou X. , Zhou Y. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The dual-phase xenon time projection chamber (TPC) is one of
the most sensitive detector technology for dark matter direct
search, where the energy deposition of incoming particle can be
converted into photons and electrons through xenon excitation and
ionization. The detector response to signal energy deposition
varies significantly with the electric field in liquid xenon. We
study the detector's light yield and its dependence on the electric
field in the PandaX-II dual-phase detector containing 580 kg liquid
xenon in the sensitive volume. From our measurements, the light
yield at electric fields from 0 V/cm to 317 V/cm is obtained for
energy depositions up to 236 keV.