bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Focal cutaneous telangiectasia in a young dog of probable congenital origin
Authors: Ueyama Akira , Hoshino Tomoya , Asakawa Midori Goto , Shimada Toshio , Nagata Masahiko 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundIdiopathic cutaneous telangiectasia has been rarely described in the dog.ObjectivesWe present the first case of idiopathic focal cutaneous telangiectasia in a young dog of probable congenital origin.MethodsAn 18‐month‐old spayed female Maltese dog presented with demarcated erythema of the skin on the right thorax. The lesion consisted of scattered, florid, ramified macules with mild dermatrophia and desquamation. The lesion was examined with histopathology and immunohistochemistry using antibodies for alfa‐SMA.ResultsDiascopy revealed a blanchable lesion. Tortuous capillary expansion was observed by dermoscopy. The histopathological examination revealed dilated but otherwise unremarkable capillaries in the superficial dermis compatible with cutaneous telangiectasia. The lesion was followed up over a 3‐year period and had essentially remained stable. Other vascular anomalies displaying similarities with telangiectasia are discussed.ConclusionsIn human vascular anomalies, this case would be presumably classified as ‘telangiectasia’ by the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies. We propose that primary cutaneous telangiectasia should be included in the list of differential diagnoses for this type of lesions in dogs. We also suggest that dermoscopy would be a valuable tool for the identification of vascular anomalies in dogs.
Residual flavor symmetry breaking in the landscape of modular flavor models
Authors: Ishiguro Keiya , Okada Hiroshi , Otsuka Hajime 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We study a symmetry breaking of residual flavor symmetries realized at fixed points of the moduli space. In the supersymmetric modular invariant theories, a small departure of the modulus from fixed points is required to realize fermion mass hierarchies and sizable CP-breaking effects. We investigate whether one can dynamically fix the moduli values in the vicinity of the fixed points in the context of Type IIB string theory. It is found that the string landscape prefers |δτ| ≃ 10−5 for the deviation of the complex structure modulus from all fixed points and the CP-breaking vacuum is statistically favored. To illustrate phenomenological implications of distributions of moduli values around fixed points, we analyze the lepton sector on a concrete A4 modular flavor model.
Dualties of adjoint QCD3 from branes
Authors: Armoni Adi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We consider an ‘electric’ U(N) level k QCD3 theory with one adjoint Majorana fermion. Inspired by brane dynamics, we suggest that for k ≥ N/2 the massive m < 0 theory, in the vicinity of the supersymmetric point, admits a $$ \mathrm{U}{\left(k-\frac{N}{2}\right)}_{-\left(\frac{1}{2}k+\frac{3}{4}N\right),-\left(k+\frac{N}{2}\right)} $$
U

k
−

N
2

−

1
2

k
+

3
4

N

,
−

k
+

N
2

‘magnetic’ dual with one adjoint Majorana fermion. The magnetic theory flows in the IR to a topological $$ \mathrm{U}{\left(k-\frac{N}{2}\right)}_{-N,-\left(k+\frac{N}{2}\right)} $$
U

k
−

N
2

−
N
,
−

k
+

N
2

pure Chern-Simons theory in agreement with the dynamics of the electric theory. When k < N/2 the magnetic dual is $$ \mathrm{U}{\left(\frac{N}{2}-k\right)}_{\frac{1}{2}k+\frac{3}{4}N,N} $$
U

N
2

−
k

1
2

k
+

3
4

N
,
N

with one adjoint Majorana fermion. Depending on the sign of the fermion mass, the magnetic theory flows to either $$ \mathrm{U}{\left(\frac{N}{2}-k\right)}_{N,N} $$
U

N
2

−
k

N
,
N

or $$ \mathrm{U}{\left(\frac{N}{2}-k\right)}_{\frac{1}{2}N+k,N} $$
U

N
2

−
k

1
2

N
+
k
,
N

TQFT. A second magnetic theory, $$ \mathrm{U}{\left(N/2+k\right)}_{\frac{1}{2}k-\frac{3}{4}N,N} $$
U

N
/
2
+
k

1
2

k
−

3
4

N
,
N

, flows to either $$ \mathrm{U}{\left(\frac{N}{2}+k\right)}_{-N,-N} $$
U

N
2

+
k

−
N
,
−
N

or $$ \mathrm{U}{\left(\frac{N}{2}+k\right)}_{-\left(\frac{1}{2}N-k\right),-N} $$
U

N
2

+
k

−

1
2

N
−
k

,
−
N

TQFT. Dualities for SO and USp theories with one adjoint fermion are also discussed.
Random Linear Operators Arising from Piecewise Linear Interpolation on the Unit Interval
Authors: Adell José A. , Cárdenas-Morales Daniel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe introduce a sequence of random linear operators arising from piecewise linear interpolation at a set of random nodes on the unit interval. We show that such operators uniformly converge in probability to the target function, providing at the same time rates of convergence. Analogous results are shown for their deterministic counterparts, derived by taking expectations of the aforementioned random operators. Special attention is paid to the case in which the random nodes are the uniform order statistics, where an explicit form for their associated deterministic operators is provided. This allows us to compare the speed of convergence of the aforementioned operators with that of the random and deterministic Bernstein polynomials.
Body mass index and complications after obstetric anal sphincter injury, 8 weeks postpartum
Authors: Hjertberg Linda , Pihl Sofia , Blomberg Marie , Uustal Eva 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
The impact of body mass index (BMI) on pelvic floor recovery after an obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI) is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hypothesis that urinary incontinence (UI) and anal incontinence (AI) are more common in overweight and obese women than in normal-weight women 8 weeks postpartum in women with OASI.

Methods
A population-based cohort study including 6,595 primiparous women, with an OASI, delivered between 2014 and 2019. Exposure and questionnaire data were retrieved from the Swedish Perineal Laceration Registry.
Uni- and multivariate analyses were used to compare normal-weight (BMI ≤24.9, reference), overweight (25.0–29.9), and obese (≥ 30) women with regard to UI and AI at 8 weeks post-partum.

Results
Multivariate analyses showed an increased risk for urinary incontinence (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.27–1.87) among overweight women as well as among obese women (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.32–2.24). In contrast to our hypothesis, both overweight women (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.56–0.83) and obese women (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.49–0.87) were at a decreased risk for any gas and/or faecal incontinence after adjustment to possible confounding factors.
The absolute rate of AI was 40.1% among normal-weight women, 34.2% among overweight women, and 29.1% in the obese group.

Conclusions
Urinary incontinence is more common, whereas AI is less common among overweight and obese women than in primiparous women with a BMI <24.9, 8 weeks after an OASI. The new finding, that overweight women report less AI than normal-weight women, merits further study.
Detection of Leishmania sp. kDNA in questing Ixodes ricinus (Acari, Ixodidae) from the Emilia-Romagna Region in northeastern Italy
Authors: Magri Alice , Caffara Monica , Fioravanti Marialetizia , Galuppi Roberta 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
To date, sand flies (Phlebotominae) are the only recognized biological vectors of Leishmania infantum, the causative agent of human visceral leishmaniasis, which is endemic in the Mediterranean basin and also widespread in Central and South America, the Middle East, and Central Asia. Dogs are the main domestic reservoir of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis, and the role of secondary vectors such as ticks and fleas and particularly Rhipicephalus sanguineus (the brown dog tick) in transmitting L. infantum has been investigated. In the present paper, the presence of Leishmania DNA was investigated in questing Ixodes ricinus ticks collected from 4 rural areas included in three parks of the Emilia-Romagna Region (north-eastern Italy), where active foci of human visceral leishmaniasis have been identified. The analyses were performed on 236 DNA extracts from 7 females, 6 males, 72 nymph pools, and 151 larvae pools. Four samples (1.7%) (i.e., one larva pool, 2 nymph pools, and one adult male) tested positive for Leishmania kDNA. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the presence of Leishmania kDNA in questing I. ricinus ticks collected from a rural environment. This finding in unfed larvae, nymphs, and adult male ticks supports the hypothesis that L. infantum can have both transstadial and transovarial passage in I. ricinus ticks. The potential role of I. ricinus ticks in the sylvatic cycle of leishmaniasis should be further investigated.
Nonsense mutation in the novel PERCC1 gene as a genetic cause of congenital diarrhea and enteropathy
Authors: Marek-Yagel Dina , Stenke Emily , Pode-Shakked Ben , Dunne Cara , Crushell Ellen , Bryce-Smith Anthea , McDermott Michael , O’Sullivan Maureen J. , Veber Alvit , Krishnamurthy Mansa , Wells James M. , Anikster Yair , Bourke Billy 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCongenital diarrheas and enteropathies (CODEs) constitute a heterogeneous group of individually rare disorders manifesting with infantile-onset chronic diarrhea. Genomic deletions in chromosome 16, encompassing a sequence termed the ‘intestine-critical region (ICR)’, were recently identified as the cause of an autosomal recessive congenital enteropathy. The regulatory sequence within the ICR is flanked by an unannotated open reading frame termed PERCC1, which plays a role in enteroendocrine cell (EEC) function. We investigated two unrelated children with idiopathic congenital diarrhea requiring home parenteral nutrition attending the Irish Intestinal Failure Program. Currently 12 and 19-years old, these Irish male patients presented with watery diarrhea and hypernatremic dehydration in infancy. Probands were phenotyped by comprehensive clinical investigations, including endoscopic biopsies and serum gastrin level measurements. Following negative exome sequencing, PCR and Sanger sequencing of the entire coding region and intron boundaries of PERCC1 were performed for each proband and their parents. In both patients, serum gastrin levels were low and failed to increase following a meal challenge. While no deletions involving the ICR were detected, targeted sequencing of the PERCC1 gene revealed a shared homozygous c.390C > G stop gain variant. We report clinical and molecular findings in two unrelated patients harboring a shared homozygous variant in PERCC1, comprising the first description of a point mutation in this gene in association with CODE. That both parenteral nutrition dependent children with unexplained diarrhea at our institution harbored a PERCC1 mutation underscores the importance of its inclusion in exome sequencing interpretation.
Calculation of the number of ship collision candidates using mesh-based estimation method for ship traffic data
Authors: Kawashima Sonoko , Itoh Hiroko , Kawamura Yasumi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPredicting and assessing the ship–ship collision possibility in waters are important for discussions on ship traffic safety. The geometric number of collision candidates is one of the most commonly used indexes for representing the frequency of multi-ship encounters that have potential collisions. It has often been estimated for ship traffic in a delimited area based on existing concepts. However, to discuss ship traffic safety in wide-congested waters where ships navigate along various courses and various ship encounters occur, a comprehensive understanding of potential collisions corresponding to all encounter characteristics, such as the encounter angle and location, is necessary. This paper proposes a method, called a “mesh-based estimation method,” to calculate the geometric number of collision candidates. It can deal with various encounter angles by introducing a computational mesh to comprehensively assess potential collisions in wide-congested waters. The validation of the method is conducted by applying it to simple ship traffic and comparing the calculated result with a result calculated based on a conventional approach. In addition, the method is applied to traffic data of AIS-equipped ships navigating in Tokyo Bay in Japan to show locations that have potential collisions based on the encounter angles.
Optimal vaccination strategies using a distributed model applied to COVID-19
Authors: Angelov Georgi , Kovacevic Raimund , Stilianakis Nikolaos I. , Veliov Vladimir M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOptimal distribution of vaccines to achieve high population immunity levels is a desirable aim in infectious disease epidemiology. A distributed optimal control epidemiological model that accounts for vaccination was developed and applied to the case of the COVID-19 pandemic. The model proposed here is nonstandard and takes into account the heterogeneity of the infected sub-population with respect to the time since infection, which is essential in the case of COVID-19. Based on the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 we analyze several vaccination scenarios and an optimal vaccination policy. In particular we consider random vaccination over the whole population and the prioritization of age groups such as the elderly and compare the effects with the optimal solution. Numerical results of the model show that random vaccination is efficient in reducing the overall number of infected individuals. Prioritization of the elderly leads to lower mortality though. The optimal strategy in terms of total deaths is early prioritization of those groups having the highest contact rates.
On a class of Cheeger inequalities
Authors: Briani Luca , Buttazzo Giuseppe , Prinari Francesca 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe study a general version of the Cheeger inequality by considering the shape functional $$\mathcal {F}_{p,q}(\Omega )=\lambda _p^{1/p}(\Omega )/\lambda _q^{1/q}(\Omega )$$

F

p
,
q

(
Ω
)

=

λ
p

1
/
p

(
Ω
)

/

λ
q

1
/
q

(
Ω
)

. The infimum and the supremum of $$\mathcal {F}_{p,q}$$

F

p
,
q

are studied in the class of all domains $$\Omega $$
Ω
of $$\mathbb {R}^d$$

R

d

and in the subclass of convex domains. In the latter case the issue concerning the existence of an optimal domain for $$\mathcal {F}_{p,q}$$

F

p
,
q

is discussed.
A Non-aqueous Capillary Electrophoresis for Determination of Eugenol in Cloves and Dental Preparations
Authors: Grodner Błażej 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA total non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis method was developed and applied for the first time for the quantification of eugenol in cloves and dental preparations. The optimized conditions included a buffer consisting of 150 mM sodium acetate and 300 μL 1 M acetic acid methanol solution (30 mM), an applied voltage of 25 kV, and a temperature of 25 °C and an applied wavelength of 214 nm. The developed method of determining the eugenol was characterized by the following parameters: a detection time within 1.97 min, good linearity (R2 = 0.9989–0.9999), detection limit at the level from 0.19 to 0.35 µg mL−1, very good extraction yield of 99.6–100.6% from both methanol standard solutions, clove buds’ matrix, and dental preparations. Limit of quantitation at the level from 0.81 to 0.98 µg mL−1. The method is based on the developed one-step extraction procedure. Moreover, the developed method does not require the use of any eugenol solubility enhancers such as SDS.
Predation stress experienced as immature mites extends their lifespan
Authors: Wei Xiaoying , Liu Jianfeng , Zhang Zhi-Qiang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe early-life experience is important in modulating the late-life performance of individuals. It has been predicted that there were trade-offs between early-life fitness and late-life success. Most of the studies on senescence have focused on the trade-offs between the reproduction and lifespan, and the influences of diet, mating, and other factors. Because the negative, non-consumptive effects of predators could also modulate the behaviour and underlying mechanisms of the prey, this study aimed to examine the different effects of predator-induced stress experienced in the early life compared with later life of the prey. The prey (Tyrophagus putrescentiae) was exposed to predation stress from the predator (Neoseiulus cucumeris) during different periods of its life (immature, oviposition period, and post-oviposition period). The results showed that the predation stress experienced during immature stages delayed development by 7.3% and prolonged lifespan by 9.7%, while predation stress experienced in the adult stage (both oviposition and post-oviposition periods) decreased lifespans of T. putrescentiae (by 24.8% and 28.7%, respectively). Predation stress experienced during immature stages also reduced female fecundity by 7.3%, whereas that experienced during the oviposition period reduced fecundity of the prey by 50.7%. This study demonstrated for the first time lifespan extension by exposure to predation stress when young and highlighted the importance of early-life experience to aging and lifespan.
Human Oral Mucosa Stem Cells Increase Survival of Neurons Affected by In Vitro Anoxia and Improve Recovery of Mice Affected by Stroke Through Time-limited Secretion of miR-514A-3p
Authors: Stančin Paula , Song Min Suk , Alajbeg Ivan , Mitrečić Dinko 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe success rate of regenerative medicine largely depends on the type of stem cells applied in such procedures. Consequently, to achieve the needed level for clinical standardization, we need to investigate the viability of accessible sources with sufficient quantity of cells. Since the oral region partly originates from the neural crest, which naturally develops in niche with decreased levels of oxygen, the main goal of this work was to test if human oral mucosa stem cells (hOMSC) might be used to treat neurons damaged by anoxia. Here we show that hOMSC are more resistant to anoxia than human induced pluripotent stem cells and that they secrete BDNF, GDNF, VEGF and NGF. When hOMSC were added to human neurons damaged by anoxia, they significantly improved their survival. This regenerative capability was at least partly achieved through miR-514A-3p and SHP-2 and it decreased in hOMSC exposed to neural cells for 14 or 28 days. In addition, the beneficial effect of hOMSC were also confirmed in mice affected by stroke. Hence, in this work we have confirmed that hOMSC, in a time-limited manner, improve the survival of anoxia-damaged neurons and significantly contribute to the recovery of experimental animals following stroke.
Tebufenozide has limited direct effects on simulated aquatic communities
Authors: Edge Christopher , Baker Leanne , Smenderovac Emily , Heartz Shane , Emilson Erik 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe use of insecticides to control undesirable pest species in forestry has undergone a shift from broad spectrum to narrow spectrum insecticides to reduce the risk of effects on non-target species. However, there is still risk of direct effects on non-target species as some insecticides function as hormone mimics, or through indirect pathways as the insecticide is broken down in the environment. Tebufenozide, an ecdysone hormone mimic, is the active ingredient in insecticides used in a variety of large scale pest control programs. An oft cited reason for the safety of Tebufenozide is that it is rapidly broken down in the environment by microbes. We investigated the potential non-target effects of two Tebufenozide formulations used in Canada, Mimic 240LV and Limit 240, on aquatic communities using an outdoor mesocosm experiment. We focus on direct effects on amphibian larvae (wood frog, Rana sylvaticus), zooplankton communities, and effects on biofilm and phytoplanktonic microbial communities that could arise from either direct toxicity, or from breaking down the insecticide as a nutrient and/or carbon source. There was limited evidence for direct effects on amphibian larvae or zooplankton communities. There were small but non-significant shifts in biofilm microbial communities responsible for nutrient cycling. Beta diversity in the plankton community was slightly higher among tanks treated with insecticide indicating a community dispersion/disbiosis effect. Overall, we found limited evidence of negative effects, however, subtle changes to microbial communities did occur and could indicate changes to ecosystem function.
Integrating scientific and local knowledge to address environmental conflicts: the role of academia
Authors: Avilés Irahola Dennis , Mora-Motta Alejandro , Barbosa Pereira Aline , Bharati Luna , Biber-Freudenberger Lisa , Petersheim Christian , Quispe-Zuniga Melissa R. , Schmitt Christine B. , Youkhana Eva 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe world is witnessing an increase in environmental conflicts (ECs) caused by the overexploitation and pollution of natural resources. We argue that addressing the unsustainable and vicious cycle of most contemporary human-nature interactions fuelling these conflicts requires a shift towards inter- and transdisciplinary research. Through critical reflection upon six case studies, we conclude that transdisciplinary approaches often require academic researchers to not only integrate local and scientific forms of knowledge but also to open the research process to changes of epistemological assumptions and initial research designs in conjunction with local populations. We suggest that addressing ECs from a transdisciplinary viewpoint requires academia to review its role from ontological and epistemological perspectives through theoretical and procedural standards, to the reward and funding systems.
Organisational Policies and Practices for the Inclusion of Vulnerable Workers: A Scoping Review of the Employer’s Perspective
Authors: Kersten A. , van Woerkom M. , Geuskens G. A. , Blonk R. W. B. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurpose Current models of inclusive workplaces are primarily based on the perceptions of vulnerable workers, whereas attention for employer’s perceptions is lacking. This scoping review addresses this issue by mapping the literature that covers employer’s perceptions on the application and importance of organisational policies and practices aimed at the inclusion of vulnerable workers. Methods A literature search for qualitative and quantitative research articles was conducted in MEDLINE, Scopus, ProQuest, PsychInfo, Google Scholar and Web of Science. Studies were included when (a) they reported on practices aimed at the inclusion, participation, or rehabilitation of (b) workers with disabilities, a low education or migration background, or who were long-term unemployed, and (c) were based on samples of employers or their representatives. Results The search resulted in 3,134 articles. In total, 38 articles met the inclusion criteria of this study. We identified seven types of inclusive practices to stimulate the inclusion of vulnerable workers that employers applied and/or perceived as valuable: senior management commitment, recruitment and selection, performance management and development practices, job accommodations and redesign of work, supportive culture, external collaborations with other employers, and monitoring. Conclusions Our review identified seven categories of inclusive practices that pertain to all stages of the employee journey of vulnerable workers. These categories move beyond those reported in studies based on employee samples, for instance by highlighting the importance of monitoring and collaborations with other employers. Hence, our findings stress that insight into employers’ perceptions about effective measures is crucial to increase labour market participation of vulnerable groups.