bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Green Public Procurement: A Neglected Tool in the European Green Deal Toolbox?
Authors: Sapir André , Schraepen Tom , Tagliapietra Simone 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPublic procurement amounts to around 14% of European Union GDP and, given this size, could well represent an important tool to foster the green transition. However, green public procurement continues to be underutilised in Europe, as several barriers to its application persist. A new EU regulatory action in this field could unlock the potential of green public procurement and add an important element to the European Green Deal toolbox.
Navigating Rough Waters: Global Shipping and Challenges for the North Range Ports
Authors: Wedemeier Jan , Wolf Lukas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPorts and shipping have been in the spotlight in 2021 with surging demand, skyrocketing freight rates and week-long queues. This development stands against the background of the current global COVID-19 pandemic. Amid these disruptive waves, the North Range ports (Le Havre to Hamburg) face numerous challenges. This short analysis gives an overview of recent developments in international shipping and the potential for maritime transport as an early indicator for commodity trade. The article also explores the connection in import and export of the North Range ports to their respective countries and the EU. This article contributes to the extent to which maritime traffic data can be linked to economic data. Three long-term key challenges — sustainability, digitalisation and (de)globalisation — are discussed with a focus on the North Range ports as well as the newest effects of Russia’s war in Ukraine.
The War in Ukraine, Agricultural Trade and Risks to Global Food Security
Authors: Glauben Thomas , Svanidze Miranda , Götz Linde , Prehn Sören , Jamali Jaghdani Tinoush , Đurić Ivan , Kuhn Lena 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAny calls to move towards a centrally planned economy or autarky are strongly advised against, as this would only be to the detriment of food security in the Global South.
Several routes of cell death to secondary necrosis in the elasmobranch testis
Authors: McClusky Leon Mendel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe process of spermatogenesis features significant germ cell loss through apoptosis. Routine histology of the testes of well-studied animal models hardly discloses any trace of their phagocytic clearance by the supporting Sertoli cells. This review highlights lessons learnt from the cystic, diametric testes of some seasonally migrating elasmobranchs (e.g., spiny dogfish and blue sharks) that offer unconventional investigative paradigms to study these phenomena as these organs readily disclose a pronounced apoptosis gradient affecting exclusively spermatogonial clones that each are enclosed with their own Sertoli cells in spherical structures called spermatocysts. This gradient is visible at a certain time of year in the spermatogenically active shark, and peaks in mature spermatogonial cysts as clustered deaths with sporadic, and not massive secondary necrosis. Conversely, immature spermatogonial cysts in blue sharks reveal a characteristic periluminal display of single apoptotic deaths. Tracing aberrations in the immunostaining patterns of the conserved cell cycle marker, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, the gradual progression of the death process in individual or coalesced spermatogonia in contiguous cysts becomes clear. The multiple apoptotic nuclear fragmentation morphologies inform also of a protracted death process involving three different morphological routes of nuclear fragmentation (of which some are TUNEL-positive and other TUNEL-negative) and concomitant chromatin compaction that culminate in freed apoptotic bodies (i.e., secondary necrosis). It is discussed that the staggered spermatogonial deaths and accompanying intermittent secondary necrosis in mature blue shark spermatogonial cysts may well relate to the low phagocytosis capacity of cyst’s Sertoli cells that are still functionally naïve.
How cooperative is “cooperative federalism”? The political limits to intergovernmental cooperation under a de facto concurrency rule
Authors: Scholtz Christa , Munteanu Andrei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractProponents of “cooperative federalism” claim that intergovernmental behaviour is endogenous to legal rules about legislative competences: a concurrency rule systematically induces intergovernmental cooperation, where an exclusivity rule systematically impedes it. Citing the imperative for greater cooperation, courts in classical, or dualist, federal systems have used legal doctrine to fashion zones of de facto legislative concurrency. We develop a formal model to explore the soundness of this reasoning. Our analysis complicates courts’ simplistic expectation. Under our assumptions, cooperation may be supported in equilibrium, but only under quite restrictive conditions. We show how the impact (if any) of a de facto concurrency rule on government behaviour depends on the paramountcy rule, government policy preferences relative to the status quo, policy development costs, and the risk of costly political backlash. We pair our theoretical analysis with a study of Canadian federalism jurisprudence and its impact on Canadian securities regulation.
Effect of latent and symptomatic infections by Colletotrichum godetiae on oil quality
Authors: Romero Joaquín , Santa-Bárbara Ana Esperanza , Moral Juan , Agustí-Brisach Carlos , Roca Luis F. , Trapero Antonio 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAnthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum spp., is the main olive fruit disease. Colletotrichum can severely infect olive fruit with a negative impact on the oil quality. However, the relationship between visible infections of Colletotrichum spp. and olive oil quality is unclear and the influence of latent infections is unknown. This study considers Colletotrichum spp. latent infections and visible infections as factors affecting the quality of olive oil. IAbsorbance in UV (K232 and K270), free acidity, and peroxide index were evaluated in oils from fruit with latent and symptomatic infections by Colletotrichum godetiae of the cvs. Arbequina, Hojiblanca, and Picual. Olive oil samples from i) latent infected fruit at three maturity stages and after two incubation periods and from ii) sets of oils from mixtures of healthy and infected symptomatic fruit were used to determine the impact of the disease on oil quality. Oils from latent infected fruit of cv. Arbequina showed higher acidity than control oils (P = 0.012). Linear and exponential models were fitted to relate the oil quality parameters to the proportion of symptomatic fruit. Acidity was the most affected parameter, mainly in oils from cv. Arbequina. The thresholds of the percentage of affected fruits causing the loss of category in the quality of the oil varied greatly according to cultivar, with ‘Arbequina’ being the most sensitive.
Two Complementary Methods of Inferring Elastic Symmetry
Authors: Tape Walter , Tape Carl 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAn elastic map $\mathbf {T}$
T
describes the strain-stress relation at a particular point $\mathbf {p}$
p
in some material. A symmetry of $\mathbf {T}$
T
is a rotation of the material, about $\mathbf {p}$
p
, that does not change $\mathbf {T}$
T
. We describe two ways of inferring the group $\mathcal {S} _{ \mathbf {T} }$

S
T

of symmetries of any elastic map $\mathbf {T}$
T
; one way is qualitative and visual, the other is quantitative. In the first method, we associate to each $\mathbf {T}$
T
its “monoclinic distance function” "Equation missing" on the unit sphere. The function "Equation missing" is invariant under all of the symmetries of $\mathbf {T}$
T
, so the group $\mathcal {S} _{ \mathbf {T} }$

S
T

is seen, approximately, in a contour plot of "Equation missing". The second method is harder to summarize, but it complements the first by providing an algorithm to compute the symmetry group $\mathcal {S} _{ \mathbf {T} }$

S
T

. In addition to $\mathcal {S} _{ \mathbf {T} }$

S
T

, the algorithm gives a quantitative description of the overall approximate symmetry of $\mathbf {T}$
T
. Mathematica codes are provided for implementing both the visual and the quantitative approaches.
Epistemic injustice in Climate Adaptation
Authors: Byskov Morten Fibieger , Hyams Keith 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIndigenous peoples are disproportionally vulnerable to climate change. At the same time, they possess valuable knowledge for fair and sustainable climate adaptation planning and policymaking. Yet Indigenous peoples and knowledges are often excluded from or underrepresented within adaptation plans and policies. In this paper we ask whether the concept of epistemic injustice can be applied to the context of climate adaptation and the underrepresentation of Indigenous knowledges within adaptation policies and strategies. In recent years, the concept of epistemic injustice has gained prominence, indicating that someone has been unfairly discriminated against in their capacity as a knower (Fricker 2007, 1). We argue that many climate adaptation policies are epistemically unjust towards Indigenous peoples because of the underrepresentation of Indigenous knowledges by showing how the case of Indigenous knowledges in climate adaptation planning and policy satisfies five conditions of epistemic injustice. We further consider what challenges there are to integrating local and Indigenous knowledges within development in general, and climate adaptation strategies in particular and how these can be addressed. Whether the lack of Indigenous knowledges in climate adaptation policies constitutes an epistemic injustice matters because an injustice denotes an unfair (dis)advantage to one group – whether by design or default – that ought to be remedied and redressed.
Within-person Relations between Domains of Socio-emotional Development during Childhood and Adolescence
Authors: Speyer Lydia Gabriela , Hall Hildigunnur Anna , Ushakova Anastasia , Luciano Michelle , Auyeung Bonnie , Murray Aja Louise 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAdolescence is a critical period in the development of mental health with nearly 1 in 5 adolescents suffering from mental health problems and more than 40 percent of these experiencing at least one co-occurring mental health disorder. This study investigates whether there are differences in the relations between key dimensions of child and adolescent mental health in adolescence compared to childhood. Mental health and related socio-emotional traits were measured longitudinally at ages 4, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, and 16 in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (N = 11279) using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires. Graphical Vector Autoregression models were used to analyse the temporal within-person relations between conduct problems, emotional problems, hyperactivity/inattention, peer problems and prosociality across childhood (ages 4 to 9) and adolescence (11 to 16). Results suggest that adolescence is characterised by an increase in the number and strength of temporal relations between socio-emotional difficulties. In particular, in adolescence there were bidirectional connections between peer problems and emotional problems, between conduct problems and hyperactivity/inattention and between prosociality and conduct problems as well as hyperactivity/inattention. In childhood, conduct problems and prosociality were reciprocally related. Results also suggested peer problems as a potential mediating factor between conduct and emotional problems in childhood. Overall, this study suggests that different domains of socio-emotional development influence each other over development. Adolescence is characterised by an increase in temporal connections, which may be one factor underlying the increased vulnerability to the onset of mental health problems during that period.
Neural Processing of Speech Sounds in ASD and First-Degree Relatives
Authors: Patel Shivani P. , Winston Molly , Guilfoyle Janna , Nicol Trent , Martin Gary E. , Nayar Kritika , Kraus Nina , Losh Molly 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEfficient neural encoding of sound plays a critical role in speech and language, and when impaired, may have reverberating effects on communication skills. This study investigated disruptions to neural processing of temporal and spectral properties of speech in individuals with ASD and their parents and found evidence of inefficient temporal encoding of speech sounds in both groups. The ASD group further demonstrated less robust neural representation of spectral properties of speech sounds. Associations between neural processing of speech sounds and language-related abilities were evident in both groups. Parent–child associations were also detected in neural pitch processing. Together, results suggest that atypical neural processing of speech sounds is a heritable ingredient contributing to the ASD language phenotype.
Porcine liver injury model to assess tantalum-containing bioactive glass powders for hemostasis
Authors: Nagrath Malvika , Bince Danielle , Rowsell Corwyn , Polintan Deanna , Rezende-Neto Joao , Towler Mark 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study evaluates compositions of tantalum-containing mesoporous bioactive glass (Ta-MBG) powders using a porcine fatal liver injury model. The powders based on (80-x)SiO2-15CaO-5P2O5-xTa2O5 compositions with x = 0 (0Ta/Ta-free), 1 (1Ta), and 5 (5Ta) mol% were made using a sol–gel process. A class IV hemorrhage condition was simulated on the animals; hemodynamic data and biochemical analysis confirmed the life-threatening condition. Ta-MBGs were able to stop the bleeding within 10 min of their application while the bleeds in the absence of any intervention or in the presence of a commercial agent, AristaTM (Bard Davol Inc., Rhode Island, USA) continued for up to 45 min. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging of the blood clots showed that the presence of Ta-MBGs did not affect clot morphology. Rather, the connections seen between fibrin fibers of the blood clot and Ta-MBG powders point towards the powders’ surfaces embracing fibrin. Histopathological analysis of the liver tissue showed 5Ta as the only composition reducing parenchymal hemorrhage and necrosis extent of the tissue after their application. Additionally, 5Ta was also able to form an adherent clot in worst-case scenario bleeding where no adherent clot was seen before the powder was applied. In vivo results from the present study agree with in vitro results of the previous study that 5Ta was the best Ta-MBG composition for hemostatic purposes.
Teachers’ noticing to promote students’ mathematical dialogue in group work
Authors: Sjöblom Marie , Valero Paola , Olander Clas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHow can teachers refine their strategies for purposefully engaging students in mathematical discussions when students are working in groups and the teacher enters an ongoing group conversation? In three educational design research cycles, four teachers collaborated with a researcher for one year to analyse, design and evaluate strategies for engaging students in small-group mathematical discussions. The idea of noticing (Mason in Researching your own practice: the discipline of noticing, RoutledgeFalmer, London, 2002; Sherin et al. in Mathematics teacher noticing: seeing through teachers’ eyes, Taylor & Francis, New York, 2011) was used to organize the findings—by paying attention to aspects in the mathematical discussions and interpreting the interactions, teachers could together refine their own actions/responses to better support students’ work. The Inquiry Co-operation Model of Alrø and Skovsmose (Dialogue and learning in mathematics education: intention, reflection, critique, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 2004) was used as a theoretical base for understanding qualities in mathematical discussions. Ehrenfeld and Horn’s (Educ Stud Math 103(7):251–272, 2020) model of initiation-entry-focus-exit and participation was for interpreting and organizing the findings on teachers’ actions. The results show that teachers became more aware of the importance of explicit instructions and their own role as facilitators of mathematical questions to students, by directing specific mathematical questions to all students within the groups. In this article, by going back and forth between what happened in the teachers’ professional development group and in the classrooms, it was possible to simultaneously follow the teachers’ development processes and what changed in students’ mathematical discussions.
Vaccinating Veterans Experiencing Homelessness for COVID-19: Healthcare and Housing Service Providers’ Perspectives
Authors: Balut Michelle D. , Gin June L. , Alenkin Nikola R. , Dobalian Aram 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study examines challenges experienced during COVID-19 vaccination efforts, facilitating factors that increased vaccination, and lessons learned from healthcare providers and housing program staff who delivered healthcare and services to Veterans experiencing homelessness during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Qualitative, semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven transitional housing program staff in northern California, southern California, Florida, Iowa, Kentucky, Massachusetts, and New Jersey (January-April 2021) and six primary care providers serving Veterans experiencing homelessness, four from clinics in California and two from a clinic in North Dakota (July-August 2021). Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using a rapid analysis approach. COVID-19 vaccination rates were between 40 and 60% among Veterans who received care from the primary care providers and between 20 and 90% among Veterans who were enrolled in the transitional housing programs. Barriers that providers and housing staff encountered when getting Veterans vaccinated for COVID-19 included lack of eligibility, the vaccine appointment scheduling process, transportation and communication challenges, Veterans’ distrust in the government, vaccine mandates, and vaccine hesitancy among organization staff. Recommendations to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake included making vaccination more convenient, using trusted sources such as homeless program staff or Veteran peers to provide educational information about the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines, and encouraging rather than mandating vaccination. These lessons will enable entities providing care to people experiencing homelessness to develop more effective policies and educational campaigns to improve vaccine acceptance and uptake among this vulnerable population.
Simulation of Radiative Transfer Within X-ray Microcalorimeter Absorbers
Authors: Lorenz M. , Kirsch C. , Peille P. , Ballhausen R. , Fioretti V. , Lotti S. , Dauser T. , Wilms J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe present Monte Carlo simulations of radiative transfer within the absorbers of X-ray microcalorimeters, utilizing a numerical model for the photon propagation and photon absorption process within the absorber structure. In our model, we include effects of Compton scattering off bound electrons and fluorescence. Scattered or fluorescence photons as well as Auger and photoelectrons escaping the absorber can result in partial energy depositions. By implementing a simplified description of the physical processes compared to existing comprehensive particle transport software frameworks, our model aims to provide representative results at a small computational effort. This approach makes it possible to use our model for quick assessments, parametric studies, and application in other Monte Carlo-based instrument simulators like , a software package for X-ray astronomical instrumentation. To study the impact of the energy loss effects on the spectral response of a microcalorimeter, we apply our model to the sensors of the cryogenic X-ray spectrometer X-IFU onboard the futureAthenaX-ray observatory.
Throughput improvement and PAPR reduction for OFDM-based VLC systems using an integrated STC-IMADJS technique
Authors: Elbakry Mohamed S. , Mohammed Abdulwahid , Ismail Tawfik 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVisible light communication (VLC) is a technology that is currently being employed to achieve high data rates. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a powerful scheme for intensity modulation and direct detection (IM-DD) that is becoming increasingly important. OFDM systems based on VLC are accomplished through the implementation of IM-DD constraints, including direct current biased optical OFDM (DCO-OFDM), asymmetrically clipped optical OFDM (ACO-OFDM), and asymmetrically clipped DC-biased (ADO-OFDM), among others. The OFDM technique based on VLC is inefficient in terms of spectral efficiency and has a high peak to average power ratio (PAPR). In this article, the symbol time compression-image adjust (STC-IMADJS) technique will be proposed for throughput maximization and PAPR reduction in the DCO-OFDM, ACO-OFDM, and ADO-OFDM systems. Furthermore, the STC technique enables the simultaneous transmission of two sub-carriers through Walsh spreading codes without inference between them. As a result, the OFDM symbol has been reduced by 50%. The IMADJS strategy reduces the high PAPR of transmitted signals by compressing large signals and expanding small signals, as long as the average power level remains constant after compression. Therefore, the proposed STC-IMADJS technique doubles the throughput as well as significantly reduces the PAPR for OFDM systems based on VLC. The simulation results are performed using Matlab-2021a for 1024 sub-carriers. As a result, the simulation results show that the proposed technique reduces the PAPR by 3.7 dB ($$86\%$$

86
%

), 8.16 dB ($$93\%$$

93
%

), and 1.81 dB ($$20\%$$

20
%

) for DCO-OFDM, ACO-OFDM, and ADO-OFDM systems respectively. Furthermore, the technique has a significantly lower computational complexity than conventional OFDM systems based on VLC. Finally, the measures of performance through this article are bit error rate and complementary cumulative distribution function.
Indeterminacy and collective harms
Authors: Tiefensee Christine 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe ‘no-difference problem’ challenges us to explain in which way the occurrence of an aggregate effect gives us reason to act in a specific way, although our individual actions make no difference to the effect’s occurrence. When discussing this problem, philosophers usually distinguish between so-called ‘triggering cases’, where the aggregate effect in question is brought about upon reaching a precise threshold, and ‘non-triggering cases’, in which no such precise threshold exists. However, despite their relevant differences, it is widely assumed not only that both categories of cases confront us with the same moral problem, but also that this problem should be solved in the same way no matter which category we are considering. In this paper, I argue that this assumption is mistaken by showing that non-triggering cases pose very different moral problems than triggering cases unless very specific and, arguably, unlikely assumptions in neighbouring debates about causation and decision-making under indeterminacy hold.