bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization and exploring genetic potential of landraces from Western Ghats of Sathyamangalam with special emphasis on phytochemical content for benefaction of Evolvulus alsinoides (Linn.) Linn
Authors: Packiam Kannan Kilavan , S Pavithra M K 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Evolvulus alsinoides (Linn.) Linn. is referred as “brain tonic” in Asia and America owing to its activity on the central nervous system. The plant is also found to possess ample of medical activities has been extensively used as traditional medicine in various culture aspects. In the present investigation, the impact of altitude and season of harvest on the phytochemicals and biological activities of E.alsinoides (Linn.) Linn. has been studied. The root, stem and leaves of the plant collected from different altitudes in the Western Ghats of Sathyamangalam, Tamilnadu during the month of July and December, 2016. The primary and secondary metabolites were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively using standard protocols. Minitab 17 Statistical software package was used for Statistical analysis. The altitude and month of plant harvest has an impact on the accumulation of the primary and secondary metabolite in the root, stem and leaves. The leaf samples are found to possess significant antioxidant activities which is further validated by the cytotoxicity activity on SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma cell line with an IC50 of 119.783 ± 0.06 µg/ml. Isolation of individual molecules and its authentication on the biological activity could give prolific results.
Process investigation of Aluminum Nitride ceramics based on compliant finishing tools
Authors: Han Fang , Zhang Wen-Hao , Gao Wei , Sun Qi , Ju Bing-Feng , Zhu Wu-Le 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Aluminum Nitride (AlN), as a type of advanced functional ceramic material, has found wide applications in many fields, owing to its advantageous properties such as excellent thermal conductivity, high hardness and strength, etc. Nevertheless, these beneficial features bring great challenges to its machinability using current existing methods that commonly result in unsatisfactory surface qualities. In this paper, we investigated the processing performance of AlN by introducing the compliant bonnet finishing approach based on different tool bonding materials and abrasive sizes. The distinctive finishing qualities, material removal rates, tool wear behavior, etc., were studied and compared under various process conditions. Different from other ceramics, the resin bonded diamond tools with the abrasive size of 3 µm is found to be severely worn on AlN ceramic, and compliant tool with the smallest abrasive size of 1 µm greatly contributes to the generation of the near optical quality surface. The comparison with traditional rigid pellet finishing further demonstrates the advantageous finishing performances by using compliant tools on the AlN ceramics.
Profiling multi-body interactions of BCL2 with single-molecule co-immunoprecipitation reveals the molecular mechanism of ABT-199 resistance
Authors: Chun Changju , Yoon Tae-Young 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A capability to characterize protein-protein interactions (PPIs) in a quantitative manner with an increased speed would form a technical basis for accelerating drug discovery targeting the PPI network. We here used the single-molecule co-IP platform to examine PPI between BCL2 and BH3-only proteins in crude lysate environments. We focused on how the PPI strengths changed with single-point BCL2 mutations found in relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia showing ABT-199 resistance. We took a mix-and-match approach to examine various pairs of baits and preys while titrating their concentrations, allowing us to examine total 21 PPI reactions and 420 data points. This large data set permitted determination of the dissociation constants (Kd) and the drug inhibitory constants (Ki) with high accuracy. Our data suggest that the different BCL2 mutants take different routes to acquire resistance to ABT-199, demonstrating how large-scale, quantitative PPI data sets reveal insights into the evolving dynamics of PPI networks.
Antnet Pheromone-Based Stochastic Multipath Routing Protocols using Hidden Markov Models for Energy Enhancement in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Moundounga Anselme Russel Affane , Satori Hassan , Sanhaji Farah , Satori Khalid 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Evolving of Wireless Sensor Network (WSNs) a type of infrastructure-less networks by tens, hundreds, thousandths, or billions of devices that provide indispensable services for the phenomenon study become more used in many industries with many applications. Forest fire tracking, environmental monitor, healthcare, seismic and volcano surveillance, Internet of Devices and everything, and now internet of vehicles is the new trend of network of devices. These devices and things mostly exchange data between many sources and destinations using a special computer mechanism, the routing protocols to optimized the using of network and devices resource to retrieve their path.Additionally, constraints like network capabilities, storage, computational, energy consumption, and so on, many researches were conducted to proposed routing protocols that limited the network effort and the all of things’ interaction to extend the lifetime. In the present paper Antnet routing protocol which is classed in the Ant Colony Optimization heuristic is inspired on the ants behavior to define a stochastic based model permitting to predict the ants path to reach final destination using biological substance deposit on all visited paths to establish a new form of routing table that can be exploit for the purpose of the optimization objective. Conducted experimentation and obtained results show that the using of the pheromone in multiple paths by ants during trips permit to conserve effectively the available resources, reduce control overhead, residual overall, and optimize the energy consumption. Our new routing mechanism based on stochastic models performs well that compared existing routing.
Prognostic Value of Fatty Acid Synthase FASN in Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma and Bioinformatics Analysis of Immune Correlation
Authors: Zhang Lin , Wu Bo , Wang Dong-wen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective: In this study, the expression, genetic variation, immune infiltration, functional enrichment of FASN in ccRCC and its correlation with prognosis were analyzed by bioinformatics.Methods: The changes of FASN in renal clear cell carcinoma were analyzed by using R language and bioinformatics database. UALCAN, GEPIA2 and HPA were used to analyze the characteristics and prognostic correlation of FASN in KIRC clinical data, and to evaluate the protein expression level of FASN. TIMER2 and TISIDB website were used to analyze the expression difference and prognosis of FASN in pan-cancer. Analysis of genetic variation in FASN using cBioPortal database and R language; further explore the relationship between FASN and tumor immune infiltration by TIMER2 and TISCH; Metascape was used to integrate the functional enrichment analysis of KEGG and GO genes of FASN and related genes.Results: The expression of FASN gene in ccRCC changed to varying degrees, which was significantly correlated with tumor staging and grading, and was significantly correlated with OS and DFS in patients with ccRCC. FASN protein phosphorylation has significant changes in ccRCC. FASN has significant indigenous significance in gene expression, prognosis, genetic mutation and MSI/TMB in pan-cancer. FASN was co-localized with various immune cells in KIRC single cell sequencing analysis. FASN is mainly involved in lipid metabolism, SREBF activation gene expression, PPAR signaling pathway, and fatty acid biosynthesis.Conclusion: The expression of FASN is closely related to the clinical prognosis, tumor immune cell infiltration and tumor lipid metabolism of patients with renal clear cell carcinoma, which may mediate the occurrence and development mechanism of ccRCC.
Assessment of water quality parameters of the Bangshi River during dry and wet season in Bangladesh
Authors: Barman Sumona , Sultana Sabira , Yesmin Farzana , Hasanuzzaman Md. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The present study was conducted on the Bangshi River, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh with the purpose of assessing some physico-chemical parameters of water during dry and wet season. Physical parameters including water colour, temperature, depth, velocity, transparency and chemical parameters such as pH, DO, free CO2, alkalinity and hardness were analyzed. Samples were collected from five different sampling sites during December 2020 to March 2021 and July 2021 to October 2021. The mean values for temperature, depth, velocity, transparency, pH, DO, free CO2, alkalinity and hardness were recorded 25.84 and 30.80°C; 216.97 and 344.71 cm,; 5.96 and 6.89 cms− 1; 24.86 and 29.90 cm; 8.14 and 7.28; 2.80 and 4.79 mg/L; 17.15 and 54.97 mg/L; 420.56 and 227.36 mg/L; 167.84 and 106.74 mg/L during dry and wet season, respectively. Some of the water parameters exceeded the standard limit. Dark black and light black colour was observed and a strong odour was present during both the seasons. Some water parameters were positively and some were negatively correlated. Seasons had a substantial impact on all water parameters whereas sampling sites had a significant impact on depth, velocity, transparency, DO, free CO2, alkalinity, and hardness. Interaction between the effects of seasons and sampling sites had an impact on velocity, pH, DO, free CO2 and alkalinity. The results of the study revealed that water quality of the Bangshi River was better in the wet season compared to the dry season, and water of the river is not safe for aquaculture and other household purposes.
Efficacy of different activation techniques of sodium hypochlorite on root canal anastomosis cleanliness: an in vitro study
Authors: Montaser Omar Khaled , Abdelsalam Nelly Mohamed , Fayyad Dalia Mukhtar 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective: This study compared in vitro the anastomosis cleaning efficacy of three final irrigation techniques; EDDY sonic activation, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) using Irrisafe, and final needle irrigation without activation (FNI) (control group).Methods: 60 anastomosis-containing mesial roots of mandibular molars were mounted in resin, sectioned at 2, 4, and 6 mm from the apex. Then reassembled and instrumented in a copper cube based on the model by Bramante. Images of anastomoses were taken after instrumentation. ImageJ program was used to calculate the percentage of anastomosis cleanliness. For the final irrigation technique roots were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=20): group 1: FNI, group 2: PUI, group 3: EDDY. Images were taken and cleanliness percentage was calculated. Debris removal before and after final irrigation were compared using paired t-tests. Intergroup and intragroup analyses were performed using one-way analysis of variance and post hoc tests (p<0.05).Results: All three final irrigation techniques significantly improved anastomosis cleanliness (p<0.001). Both activation techniques were significantly better than the control group at all levels. Intergroup comparison revealed that EDDY significantly achieved the best overall anastomosis cleanliness. The difference between EDDY and PUI was significant in favor to EDDY at 2 mm and insignificant at 4 and 6 mm. The intragroup comparison showed that the effect of FNI on cleanliness was most significant in the 2 mm level. The improvement achieved by PUI was significantly lower at 2 mm while EDDY performed similarly at all levels.Conclusions: Irrigant activation improves anastomosis cleanliness. EDDY was the most efficient in cleaning anastomoses located in the most apical part of the root canal.Clinical Relevance: Efficient cleaning of the root canal system is the crucial point which can lead to either success or failure of the treatment. In cases of a complete isthmus (corridor), it can be very difficult to clean and disinfect with conventional methods used in non-surgical root canal treatment. Different methods of irrigant activation can be a promising solution.
Awareness of teenagers on orthodontic treatment and fake braces in Malaysia
Authors: Shafiai Noor Ayuni Ahmad , Kamaruddin Anis Farhan , Mohd Tengku Amatullah Madeehah Tengku 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to assess the awareness of fake braces on adolescents aged 17 years and below and determining the association between the sociodemographic characteristics towards the dental motivation and usage of fake braces.
Methods
This study involved 580 subjects, where the students were conveniently selected to answer a validated questionnaire in three major areas which included sociodemographic, dental motivation and knowledge of orthodontic treatment, and utilisation and awareness of fake braces.
Results
Almost 79% of the subjects heard about fake braces, but only 3.5% admit to wearing them. On the other hand, more than 60% knew about the adverse effect of fake braces, and only 35% knew that fake braces providers could be charged in court. Only one-third of them acknowledged proper orthodontic treatment being performed at the dental clinic.There was a significant association between parents' education level towards dental visits frequency and thoughts on having orthodontic treatment. However, there was no association between sociodemographic characteristics towards using fake braces.
Conclusion
Health education programs could also focus on empowering teenagers to help their friends adopt healthier behaviours, including saying no to fake braces.
Effect of age and sex on prescriptions for outpatients with bipolar disorder in the MUSUBI study: a cross‑sectional study
Authors: Kawamata Yasushi , Yasui-Furukori Norio , Adachi Naoto , Ueda Hitoshi , Hongo Seiji , Azekawa Takaharu , Kubota Yukihisa , Katsumoto Eiichi , Edagawa Koji , Goto Eiichiro , Miki Kazuhira , Kato Masaki , Nakagawa Atsuo , Kikuchi Toshiaki , Tsuboi Takashi , Yoshimura Reiji , Shimoda Kazutaka , Watanabe Koichiro 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Childbearing-aged female patients and elderly patients with bipolar disorder need special attention for pharmacological treatments, but current guidelines provide little information on their pharmacological treatment. In particular, the risk/benefit balance of pharmacological treatment for childbearing-aged females with bipolar disorder is a growing concern. Therefore, we aimed to address the effect of age and sex on psychotropic drug prescription for outpatients with bipolar disorder.
Methods
The MUlticenter treatment SUrvey for BIpolar disorder in Japanese psychiatric clinics (MUSUBI) study was conducted, and data on age, sex, and details of pharmacological treatment were collected.
Results
A total of 3106 outpatients were included in this study. Among young females (age ≤ 39), 25% were prescribed valproate. There was no significant difference in the frequency and daily dose of valproate prescription for young females among all groups. Valproate prescriptions were significantly less frequent among young males and more frequent among middle-aged males. Lithium prescriptions were significantly less frequent among young females and more frequent among older males (age ≥ 65) and older females. Lamotrigine prescriptions were significantly more frequent among young males and young females and less frequent among older males and older females. Carbamazepine prescriptions were significantly less frequent among young males and more frequent among older males.
Conclusions
Biased information about the risk and safety of valproate and lithium for young females was suggested, and further study to correct this bias is needed. Older patients were prescribed lithium more commonly than lamotrigine. Further studies are needed to determine the actual pharmacotherapy for elderly individuals.
A Scalable and Power Efficient MAC Protocol with Adaptive TDMA for M2M Communication
Authors: Reddy Narender , Bhandari B N 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In 5G cellular networks Machine type communication devices (MTCD) for Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication are subjected to the problem of collisions, delay, scalability and quality of service (QoS) during data transmission. The M2M communication has become ubiquitous into Internet of things (IoT). A power efficient MAC switching protocol and adaptive Time Division Multiple Access (PMAC-ATDMA) is presented to solve the issue of collision, QoS and scalability in this paper for M2M Communication. This consists of grouping, dynamic MAC switching and allotment of timeslots. In grouping processing of MTCDs, using Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) algorithm is used for selecting a head i.e. MTC head (MTCH). CSMA/CA and CSMA/CARP protocols differ in back off time are used, switching between them happens based on the density, backlogged devices and active nodes that reduces collisions. The timeslots are assigned by ATDMA, in accordance with the data size and requirements of QoS. The problem of synchronization in traditional TDMA is overcome by the use of Markov chain model the simulation of this PMAC-ATDMA is performed in network simulator tool. The evaluation is performed in terms of access delay, energy, probability of collision and successful packet transmissions.In 5G cellular networks Machine type communication devices (MTCD) for Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication are subjected to the problem of collisions, delay, scalability and quality of service (QoS) during data transmission. The M2M communication has become ubiquitous into Internet of things (IoT). A power efficient MAC switching protocol and adaptive Time Division Multiple Access (PMAC-ATDMA) is presented to solve the issue of collision, QoS and scalability in this paper for M2M Communication. This consists of grouping, dynamic MAC switching and allotment of timeslots. In grouping processing of MTCDs, using Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) algorithm is used for selecting a head i.e. MTC head (MTCH). CSMA/CA and CSMA/CARP protocols differ in back off time are used, switching between them happens based on the density, backlogged devices and active nodes that reduces collisions. The timeslots are assigned by ATDMA, in accordance with the data size and requirements of QoS. The problem of synchronization in traditional TDMA is overcome by the use of Markov chain model the simulation of this PMAC-ATDMA is performed in network simulator tool. The evaluation is performed in terms of access delay, energy, probability of collision and successful packet transmissions.
Simultaneous removal of cationic crystal violet and anionic reactive yellow by using eco- friendly hybrid chitosan- talc-cloisite 30B composite
Authors: Kandil Heba , Ali Heba 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Due to the wide variety of synthetic dyes present in wastewater, there has been an urgent need to develop adsorbent materials to remove both cationic and anionic dyes. Since the development of such materials is still challenge, this paper is an attempt to prepare an economic and eco-friendly adsorbent material from chitosan to remove both cationic and anionic dyes from aqueous solution. Hence, hybrid composites from chitosan (Cs), talc powder (T) and cloisite 30B (C) with different weight ratios of 1: 2: 0, 1: 2: 1 and 1: 2: 2 were prepared. Chemical structure, thermal stability and surface morphology of the prepared composites were studied by using FTIR, TGA and SEM. The affinity of the prepared composites towards adsorption of cationic crystal violet (CV) and anionic reactive yellow 145 (RY) dyes was investigated. The adsorption results showed that the composite with a weight ratio of 1: 2: 1 is the most effective adsorbent for removal of RY dye with 76.9 mg/g adsorption capacity, whereas the composite with a weight ratio of 1: 2: 2 exhibited the highest adsorption activity for CV dye (37.03 mg/g). The adsorption of RY and CV on these composites followed the pseudo second order model. The langmuir isotherm model described the experimental adsorption data better than the Freundlich, Dubinin–Radushkevich, and Temkin isotherm models, indicating a monolayer sorption process for both dyes.
Adult Cystic Lymphangioma and its features: A case report and literature review
Authors: V Shyam Saravanan , R Jayakumar , K Thenmozhi , Shivam Vishnu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Lymphangiomas are benign malformations of lymphatic system uncommon in adults. We present a rare case of adult cystic lymphangioma in the neck region.Case presentation: A 26 year old female presented with a large swelling on the right side of the neck. The patient was uncomfortable due to the cosmetic impact of the swelling. Clinical diagnosis of cystic lymphangioma was made based on history and physical examination. An impression of lymphangioma was given on FNAC and radiological examination. The cyst is surgically removed by raising a skin flap and the cyst wall specimen was sent for histopathological examination for confirmation. The histopathological sections confirmed the diagnosis. The postoperative period is uneventful. There was no recurrence till the current follow up.Conclusions: In a case of painless and progressive neck swelling, lymphangioma should be considered as a differential diagnosis despite the fact that they occur rarely in adults and appropriate treatment should be initiated to prevent pressure symptoms due to the progressive nature.
PILOT tags, new non-invasive towed tags for free ranging deep-diving megafauna, advantages and challenges
Authors: Fontes J. , Macena B. , Solleliet-Ferreira S. , Buyle F. , Magalhães R. , Bartolomeu T. , Liebsch N. , Meyer C. , Afonso P. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background - Biologging technologies have yielded new insights into the ecology and behaviour of elasmobranchs, but to date most studies involve animal capture and restraint to attach tags. Capturing animals usually results in a period of atypical behaviour after release and is undesirable or simply not possible for large and vulnerable elasmobranchs such as mobulas and whale-sharks. We developed and tested two non-invasive multisensor towed-tags designed to avoid animal capture and restraint. The use of towed packages creates additional data analysis challenges relative to fixed packages because towed device wobble independently of animal movements. We present five examples, two mobulas (reef manta and sicklefin devil ray) and three sharks (blue, tiger and whale-shark), to illustrate the advantages and challenges of this approach. We used animal-borne video to validate behavioural data derived from accelerometers and conducted an animal-attached versus towed-tag experiment to compare accelerometer data from both methods. Results - We used fluid dynamic models to calculate the added drag of towed devices on target species. We found that drag impact is acceptable for short-term tagging of large mobulas but the drag penalty associated with the current camera tag design is greater than 5% for most mature blue sharks. Despite wobble effects, swimming behaviour (tail-beat and wing-stoke frequency) captured by towed accelerometers was consistent with concurrent data from animal-attached tags and animal-born video. GPS sensors recorded up to 28 and 9 geolocations per hour of surface swimming by sicklefin devil ray and blue sharks, respectively. Conclusions - Towed tags with non-invasive attachments provide an effective low-impact alternative for acquiring high resolution behaviour and environmental data without capturing and handling animals. This tool yields great potential to advance current knowledge of mobula ecology and behaviour without capture or invasive tagging.