bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Just Energy Transitions in Progress? The Partnership between South Africa and the EU
Authors: Houston Larissa Jane , Ruppel Oliver C. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article explores contextual background and legislative developments within the energy sector of both South Africa and the European Union (EU) which has led to the formulation of the International Just Energy Transition Partnership between South Africa and the EU and particular EU member states. This is done by observing and unpacking the state of renewable energy production within South Africa and the EU and reviewing key principles in specific legislation within the respective energy sector. The paper aims to address and identify areas of interest that should be included within the International Just Energy Transition Partnership between South Africa and the EU in order to ensure that climate goals and energy sector objectives within both South Africa and the EU are efficiently and effectively achieved.
When the Picture Comes in
Authors: Delaplace Gregory , Chuluunbat P. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article sketches out the conditions in which winning (türüüleh) may be achieved in Mongolian wrestling tournaments. Fieldwork carried out before, during and after the yearly competition of Naadam in the summer of 2019 suggests that these conditions are indeed rather diverse in nature. Getting ready for a contest requires wrestlers to be tending to several aspects of their personhood, as their strength, power (byar) or the success of their techniques (meh) depend not only on their physical preparedness, but also on a delicate balancing of social, technical and cosmological skills. Winning in Mongolian wrestling seldom relies on an individual performance only: following contenders in district, regional and national Naadam tournaments as they prepare for, take part in and reflect on these, we want to show that coming out on top requires a plan, or a ‘picture’ (zurag), which might or might not prevail, i.e. ‘come in’ (oroh), over that of other wrestlers. This plan involves enlisting the support of competing wrestlers, and therefore mobilising such resources as kinship, autochthony or money in order to convince them to do so. It is indeed a delicate balance between physical strength, cosmological caution and political strategy that a wrestler must strike for his plan to prevail in a competition, and it is perhaps no wonder if their person and their success should be given such a political importance in Mongolia today.
Aortic root thrombus causing non-ST elevation myocardial infarction after left ventricular assist device
Authors: Kallur Akhil S , Bien-Aime Fred , Sallam Tariq , Jawaid Yasir , Zaaqoq Akram M 
Published: April 2022

A 61-year-old male presented with a history of ischemic cardiomyopathy requiring left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation 9 months prior to presentation. The patient was on aspirin and warfarin as part of his LVAD management. The patient had chest pain and was found to have non-ST elevation myocardial infarction. Despite being on warfarin, a subtherapeutic international normalized ratio of 1.6 was measured on admission. Lactate dehydrogenase was 694 U/L (12–146) and high-sensitivity troponin peaked at 47,093 ng/L. Left heart catheterization revealed an extensive aortic root thrombus (AT). AT is an uncommon cause of thromboembolic events in long-term LVAD patients. Thrombotic events in LVAD patients are pump thrombosis, cerebrovascular accidents, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, and rarely, AT. There is no well-described management of such a rare complication. In our report, we suggest a multidisciplinary approach and consideration of conservative treatment of these patients.
Identifying barriers and facilitators to palliative care integration in the management of hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A qualitative study
Authors: Wentlandt Kirsten , Wolofsky Kayla T. , Weiss Andrea , Hurlburt Lindsay , Fan Eddy , Kaya Ebru , O’Connor Erin , Lewin Warren , Graham Cassandra , Zimmermann Camilla , Isenberg Sarina R. 
Published: April 2022

Background: Palliative care is well suited to support patients hospitalized with COVID-19, but integration into care has been variable and generally poor. Aim: To understand barriers and facilitators of palliative care integration for hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Methods: Internists, Intensivists and palliative care physicians completed semi-structured interviews about their experiences providing care to patients with COVID-19. Results were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Twenty-three physicians (13 specialist palliative care, five intensivists, five general internists) were interviewed; mean ± SD age was 42 ± 11 years and 61% were female. Six thematic categories were described including: patient and family factors, palliative care knowledge, primary provider factors, COVID-19 specific factors, palliative care service factors, and leadership and culture factors. Patient and family factors included patient prognosis, characteristics that implied prognosis (i.e., age, etc.), and goals of care. Palliative care knowledge included confidence in primary palliative care skills, misperception that COVID-19 is not a ‘palliative diagnosis’, and the need to choose quantity or quality of life in COVID-19 management. Primary provider factors included available time, attitude, and reimbursement. COVID-19 specific factors were COVID-19 as an impetus to act, uncertain illness trajectory, treatments and outcomes, and infection control measures. Palliative care service factors were accessibility, adaptability, and previous successful relationships. Leadership and culture factors included government-mandated support, presence at COVID planning tables, and institutional and unit culture. Conclusion: The study findings highlight the need for leadership support for formal integrated models of palliative care for patients with COVID-19, a palliative care role in pandemic planning, and educational initiatives with primary palliative care providers.
Synthesis, Processing and the Effect of Thermal Treatment on the Solubility, Antioxidant Potential and Cytocompatibility of Y2O3 and CeO2 doped SiO2-SrO-Na2O Glass-Ceramics
Authors: Placek Lana M , Keenan Timothy J , coughlan Aisling , Wren Anthony W 
Published: April 2022

Thermal treatment of a 0.52SiO2-0.24SrO-0.24 -xNa2O- xMO glass-ceramic series (where x = 0.08 and MO = Y2O3 or CeO2) was conducted in order to synthesize yttrium (Y3+) and cerium (Ce3+) crystalline species that may act as radical oxygen specie (ROS) scavengers. The prominent phase for the Control is a sodium-strontium-silicate while the experimental glass-ceramics ( HY, YCe, and HCe) present sodium-Y/Ce-silicate and oxide phases. Disk shrinkage during thermal processing ranges from 1–7% for Control, HY, YCe, and HCe in both diameter and thickness. Solubility studies determined that the release of Si4+ and Na+ are greatest from the Control disks which peaks at 1550 µg/mL. Release from the Y3+ and Ce3+ glass-ceramics reached 320 µg/mL for Si4+ and 630 µg/mL for Na+. The range of antioxidant capacity (ABTS assay) for all samples was 0.31–3.9 mMTE. No significant reduction in MC 3T3 Osteoblast cell viability was observed for any composition tested.
High performance poly(isatin alkyl-terphenyl)s proton exchange membranes with flexible alkylsulfonated side groups
Authors: Wang Yannan , Wang Yajie , Guo Maolian , Ban Tao , Zhu Xiuling 
Published: April 2022

Hydrocarbon-based polymer proton exchange membranes (PEMs) free of heteroatom linkages are supposed to be an attractive alternative for the most advanced perfluorosulfonic acid PEMs, but it is challenging to synthesize them. Here we disclosed a series of aliphatic chain-containing poly(isatin diphenyl-co-terphenyl)(PIDT) copolymers, which were conveniently prepared by superacid-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts polycondensation. Subsequently, the sulfonated copolymer (SPIDT) membranes were prepared by the grafting of side-chain sulfonic acid groups. Due to the formed continuous and efficient nanoscale proton transport channel, these PEMs exhibited excellent proton conductivity showing 186 mS/cm at 80°C, higher than Nafion115 (150 mS/cm). Meanwhile, the prepared membranes exhibited good oxidative stability. The residual weight of the membranes is still greater than 98 wt % after 1 h immersion in Fenton’s reagent at 80°C. Notably, the direct borohydride-hydrogen fuel cell (DBHFC) equipped with SPIDT-50 membrane as the diaphragm showed the peak power density of 71 mW•cm−2 at 25°C, which was greater than that of Nafion115 (63 mW•cm−2). Therefore, the hydrocarbon-based PEMs prepared in this study show promise for application in fuel cells.
An analytical investigation into the vibration behavior of an orthotropic steel deck
Authors: Zhang Xun , You Yingchuan , Kong Derui , Chen Tao , Zhang Jinrui 
Published: April 2022

Due to advantages such as small weight, large load capacity, and easy manufacturing, orthotropic steel decks (OSDs) are widely used in many steel bridges. As an important component of steel bridge decks that bear vehicle loads, OSDs may produce excessive vibrations and corresponding noise due to low dead loads. Therefore, it is important to study the vibration behavior of OSDs to guide the design to reduce vibration and noise in steel bridges. In this paper, the vibration response of an OSD with simply supported boundary conditions is calculated using the modal expansion method. The input mobility and insertion loss are selected as indices to evaluate the vibration response and suppression performance of the bridge. The results of calculations were compared with those of the finite element method to verify their accuracy. They showed that the input mobility of the OSD was affected primarily by the bending stiffness of the corresponding top plate and longitudinal ribs. The vibration energy of the OSD had both frequency-dependent and excitation location-dependent characteristics. When a source acted on the longitudinal rib or was close to it (within a distance of ¼ of the wavelength), the high-frequency vibration response of the OSD could still be greatly suppressed, with an average vibration reduction of approximately 15 dB. Reducing the spacing between the longitudinal ribs is one of the best ways to reduce the vibration response of the OSD. The frequency of the positive insertion loss ranged from 160 to 500 Hz when the longitudinal rib spacing was reduced from 0.8 to 0.4 m. The frequency-related vibration response of the OSD can be further reduced by adding transverse ribs, especially in the high-frequency range.
Pharmacists’ practices and views regarding management of sexual health in patients with cancer
Authors: Shivji Alisha , Danilak Melanie , Booker Reanne , Dersch-Mills Deonne , Ghosh Sunita , Fung Katherine 
Published: April 2022

Introduction Sexual health issues associated with cancer can significantly impact patients’ psychosocial well-being and overall quality of life. These issues are frequently medication-related, placing pharmacists in an opportune position to manage sexual health concerns in patients with cancer. Currently, no literature exists exploring pharmacists’ practices related to the management of sexual health in oncology patients. Methods An anonymous, descriptive, cross-sectional, web-based survey was conducted to elicit pharmacists’ views and practices regarding managing sexual health in oncology patients. Pharmacists practicing in Canada who provide care to adult malignant hematology or oncology patients were eligible to participate. The survey was disseminated through the Canadian Association of Pharmacy in Oncology and through informal oncology pharmacy practitioner networks. Results Of the 102 pharmacists who participated, 96 completed the survey in its entirety. Most respondents were female, practiced in Alberta, and primarily saw oncology patients in outpatient cancer facilities. Although 85% of participants felt pharmacists should be involved in giving patients an opportunity to discuss sexual health, only 8% reported managing sexual health in at least 50% of their oncology patients. The most commonly agreed upon barriers to this were presence of family members and friends at appointments, lack of knowledge or training, limited time, and the belief that sexual health is not applicable to all oncology patients. Conclusions This study explored pharmacists’ views and practices regarding managing sexual health in patients with cancer. Several barriers were identified, which may aid in future development of resources to assist pharmacists in routinely addressing sexual health in oncology patients.
Mental health literacy practices within Australian football league next generation academy clubs: An exploratory study
Authors: Diamond Samantha , Wallace Lee , English Madeleine , Caperchione Cristina M. 
Published: April 2022

Purpose To explore and describe the extent and quality of Mental Health Literacy (MHL) resources, information and education currently available within the Australian Football League (AFL) Next Generation Academy (NGA) programs and identify limitations/gaps in existing MHL practices within these programs. Methods An exploratory mixed-method descriptive design was utilised in two phases. Phase One consisted of a researcher led MHL audit of publicly available data associated with each NGA program. Phase Two included a web-based open-ended questionnaire distributed to key NGA personnel and focused on mental health practices within the programs. Descriptive statistics were used to present Phase One data and thematic analysis was utilised in Phase Two. Results In Phase One, the total mean standardised score for resources on mental health, raising awareness on mental health and culture of support within the clubs were 47% (SD = 16, range 18–89), 51% (SD = 23, range 0–77) and 61% (SD = 27, range of 9–97). In Phase Two, eight participants responded to the questionnaire (44% response rate). Three themes emerged from the thematic analysis: 1) current initiatives and resources within the club; 2) training, education and support for staff; 3) the gender divide. Conclusion Mainstream mental health resources do exist within the AFL and there is some support within the professional league. However, these are not effectively tailored for youth elite athletes, nor have they been implemented into NGA programs despite the willingness of staff in supporting the mental health of these athletes.
Printing in Time for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Trauma Surgery: Key Parameters to Factor in
Authors: Bergeron Léonard , Bonapace-Potvin Michelle , Bergeron François 
Published: April 2022

Study Design retrospective cohort study. Objective 3D printing is used extensively in cranio-maxillo-facial (CMF) surgery, but difficulties remain for surgeons to implement it in an acute trauma setting because critical information is often omitted from reports. Therefore, we developed an in-house printing pipeline for a variety of cranio-maxillo-facial fractures and characterized each step required to print a model in time for surgery. Methods All consecutive patients requiring in-house 3D printed models in a level 1 trauma center for acute trauma surgery between March and November 2019 were identified and analyzed. Results Sixteen patients requiring the printing of 25 in-house models were identified. Virtual Surgical Planning time ranged from 0h 08min to 4h 41min (mean = 1h 46min). The overall printing phase per model (pre-processing, printing, and post-processing) ranged from 2h 54min to 27h 24min (mean = 9h 19min). The overall success rate of prints was 84%. Filament cost was between $0.20 and $5.00 per model (mean = $1.56). Conclusions This study demonstrates that in-house 3D printing can be done reliably in a relatively short period of time, therefore allowing 3D printing usage for acute facial fracture treatment. When compared to outsourcing, in-house printing shortens the process by avoiding shipping delays and by having a better control over the printing process. For time-critical prints, other time-consuming steps need to be considered, such as virtual planning, pre-processing of 3D files, post-processing of prints, and print failure rate.
Magnification assessment of radiographs for knee replacement (MARKeR) – A pilot study in a low-resource setting
Authors: Mencia Marlon. M , Goalan Raakesh , White Kimani 
Published: April 2022

Background Selecting the correct size of implants to be used in total knee arthroplasty is critical for a successful outcome. Marker-less templating systems use an institutionally derived magnification factor for all radiographs. Purpose To determine the institutional magnification of knee radiographs for patients awaiting total knee arthroplasty. Material and Methods Eighty patients awaiting total knee arthroplasty underwent preoperative knee radiographs using a standardized protocol. A marker attached to the patients’ knees at the level of the knee joint was used to calculate the magnification factor on both anteroposterior (AP) and lateral (LAT) views. Two independent observers estimated the magnification to determine the intra and inter-observer reliability. Results The mean magnification of the AP (15.3%) radiograph was significantly greater than the LAT (12.1%) radiograph ( p< 0.0001). Patients with absent markers on their radiographs were heavier than patients in whom the marker was visible (84.7 kgs vs. 76.6 kgs, p=0.01). No marker was visible on the radiographs in 56.3% (45/80) of patients. There was excellent inter and intra-observer reliability of both the AP and LAT measurements. Conclusion After standardizing the protocol for preoperative knee radiographs, our results show significantly greater institutional magnification of the anteroposterior compared with the lateral images. Accurate templating in knee arthroplasty requires both radiographic images. To reduce errors in implant sizing, we recommend surgeons use different institutional magnification factors for the anteroposterior and lateral radiographs.
Long-Term Quality of Life in Achalasia Patients After Esophagectomy: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Jones Amy E. , Crafts Trevor D. , Torres-Landa Samuel , Wood Stephanie G. 
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Achalasia is a chronic motility disorder of the esophagus with difficult to manage symptoms. Despite multi-modal therapies, some patients progress to end-stage disease requiring esophagectomy. Quality of life (QOL) has not been fully described in this population. Methods: A cross-sectional QOL study was performed on a cohort of end-stage achalasia patients who underwent an esophagectomy (2010-2020). Patients who met inclusion criteria were contacted by phone in 2021 to complete GIQLI and OES-18 questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were performed. Results: Of 14 patients who met inclusion criteria, 9 (64.3%) completed the QOL questionnaires. Mean age was 53-years, and the majority were white (88.9%) women (63.7%). Prior to esophagectomy, management of achalasia included Botox (33.3%), dilation (66.7%), and Heller myotomy (100%). All patients reported dysphagia and 88.9% reported regurgitation prior to esophagectomy. All patients underwent a minimally invasive surgical approach. At the time of QOL surveillance, the mean time from operation was 66 months. The mean GIQLI score in this population was 97 (Max 144), compared to previously reported scores of 126 in a healthy population and 119 after Heller myotomy. Only ICU and hospital LOS had a statistically significant association with poorer GIQLI scores. The results of the OES-18 showed higher median severity scores for reflux, dry mouth and trouble with coughing. Conclusions: Even after esophagectomy for end stage achalasia, symptoms can be persistent and impact QOL. While some patients may benefit from esophagectomy, future research should aim to identify which patients will benefit the most from this operation.
Computationally repurposing drugs for breast cancer subtypes using a network-based approach
Authors: Firoozbakht Forough , Rezaeian Iman , Rueda Luis , Ngom Alioune 
Published: April 2022

Abstract‘De novo’drug discovery is costly, slow, and with high risk. Repurposing known drugs for treatment of other diseases offers a fast, low-cost/risk and highly-efficient method toward development of efficacious treatments. The emergence of large-scale heterogeneous biomolecular networks, molecular, chemical and bioactivity data, and genomic and phenotypic data of pharmacological compounds is enabling the development of new area of drug repurposing called ‘in silico’ drug repurposing, i.e., computational drug repurposing (CDR). The aim of CDR is to discover new indications for an existing drug (drug-centric) or to identify effective drugs for a disease (disease-centric). Both drug-centric and disease-centric approaches have the common challenge of either assessing the similarity or connections between drugs and diseases. However, traditional CDR is fraught with many challenges due to the underlying complex pharmacology and biology of diseases, genes, and drugs, as well as the complexity of their associations. As such, capturing highly non-linear associations among drugs, genes, diseases by most existing CDR methods has been challenging. We propose a network-based integration approach that can best capture knowledge (and complex relationships) contained within and between drugs, genes and disease data. A network-based machine learning approach is applied thereafter by using the extracted knowledge and relationships in order to identify single and pair of approved or experimental drugs with potential therapeutic effects on different breast cancer subtypes. Indeed, further clinical analysis is needed to confirm the therapeutic effects of identified drugs on each breast cancer subtype.
Exhausted phenotype of circulating CD8+ T cell subsets in hepatitis B virus carriers
Authors: Jiang Daixi , Chen Can , Yan Danying , Zhang Xiaobao , Liu Xiaoxiao , Yan Dong , Cui Dawei , Yang Shigui 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is characterized by the presence of dysfunctional exhausted CD8+ T cells that hamper viral control. We investigated the phenotypic heterogeneity of exhausted CD8+ T cells in HBV carriers.

Methods
We enrolled 31 HBV carriers and 23 healthy controls (HCs) in our study. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated, and flow cytometry was used to determine the phenotypic distribution of CD8+ T cell subsets. Expression of cytokines such as TNF-α and IFN-γ was detected by quantitative reverse transcription–PCR, a fluorescence flow cytometry-based immunomicrobead assay and flow cytometry.

Results
There were no significant differences in the baseline characteristics between the 31 HBV carriers and the 23 sex- and age-matched HCs. CD8+ T cells exhibited higher levels of inhibitory receptors (TIM3 and PD1) in the HBV carriers than in the HCs (P < 0.05); in particular, Tfc cells (CXCR5+CD25−) expressed higher levels of TIM3 and PD1 than non-Tfc cells in the HBV carriers. In addition, among the subsets of Tc cells, the Tc17 (CXCR5−CD25−CCR6+) subset displayed increased expression of TIM3 and LAG3 in the HBV carriers. Our findings further showed that CD8+ T cells produced lower levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and Granzyme B. Paired analysis of the Tfc subset and the Tc subset indicated that higher levels of cytokines (IFN-γ and TNF-α) were produced by the Tfc subset in the HBV carriers. Among the Tc subsets, the Tc17 subset produced lower levels of cytokines.

Conclusion
The Tfc subset exhibited an enhanced exhausted phenotype but possessed some functional properties during chronic HBV infection, while the Tc subset showed a lower functional level. The identification of these unique subsets may provide a potential immunotherapeutic target in chronic HBV infection.