bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RETRACTED ARTICLE: The LINC00623/NAT10 signaling axis promotes pancreatic cancer progression by remodeling ac4C modification of mRNA
Authors: Feng Zengyu , Li Kexian , Qin Kai , Liang Juyong , Shi Minmin , Ma Yang , Zhao Shiwei , Liang Huaiyu , Han Dongni , Shen Baiyong , Peng Chenghong , Chen Hao , Jiang Lingxi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Although a substantial increase in the survival of patients with other cancers has been observed in recent decades, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the deadliest diseases. No effective screening approach exists.

Methods
Differential exosomal long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) isolated from the serum of patients with PDAC and healthy individuals were profiled to screen for potential markers in liquid biopsies. The functions of LINC00623 in PDAC cell proliferation, migration and invasion were confirmed through in vivo and in vitro assays. RNA pulldown, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays and rescue experiments were performed to explore the molecular mechanisms of the LINC00623/NAT10 signaling axis in PDAC progression.

Results
A novel lncRNA, LINC00623, was identified, and its diagnostic value was confirmed, as it could discriminate patients with PDAC from patients with benign pancreatic neoplasms and healthy individuals. Moreover, LINC00623 was shown to promote the tumorigenicity and migratory capacity of PDAC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, LINC00623 bound to N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) and blocked its ubiquitination-dependent degradation by recruiting the deubiquitinase USP39. As a key regulator of N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) modification of mRNA, NAT10 was demonstrated to maintain the stability of oncogenic mRNAs and promote their translation efficiency through ac4C modification.

Conclusions
Our data revealed the role of LINC00623/NAT10 signaling axis in PDAC progression, showing that it is a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for PDAC.
Clinical and cost-effectiveness of paramedic administered fascia iliaca compartment block for emergency hip fracture (RAPID 2)—protocol for an individually randomised parallel-group trial
Authors: Kingston Mark , Jones Jenna , Black Sarah , Evans Bridie , Ford Simon , Foster Theresa , Goodacre Steve , Jones Marie-Louise , Jones Sian , Keen Leigh , Longo Mirella , Lyons Ronan A. , Pallister Ian , Rees Nigel , Siriwardena Aloysius Niroshan , Watkins Alan , Williams Julia , Wilson Helen , Snooks Helen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Approximately 75,000 people fracture a hip each year in the UK. This painful injury can be devastating—with a high associated mortality rate—and survivors likely to be more dependent and less mobile. Pain relief at the scene of injury is known to be inadequate. Intravenous morphine is usually given by paramedics, but opioids are less effective for dynamic pain and can cause serious side effects, including nausea, constipation, delirium and respiratory depression. These may delay surgery, require further treatment and worsen patient outcomes. We completed a feasibility study of paramedic-provided fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB), testing the intervention, trial methods and data collection. The study (RAPID) demonstrated that a full trial was feasible. In this subsequent study, we aim to test safety, clinical and cost-effectiveness of paramedic-provided FICB as pain relief to patients with suspected hip fracture in the prehospital environment.

Methods
We will conduct a pragmatic multi-centre individually randomised parallel-group trial, with a 1:1 allocation between usual care (control) and FICB (intervention). Hospital clinicians in five sites (paired ambulance services and receiving hospitals) in England and Wales will train 220 paramedics to administer FICB. The primary outcome is change in pain score from pre-randomisation to arrival at the emergency department. One thousand four hundred patients are required to find a clinically important difference between trial arms in the primary outcome (standardised statistical effect ~ 0.2; 90% power, 5% significance). We will use NHS Digital (England) and the SAIL (Secure Anonymised Information Linkage) databank (Wales) to follow up patient outcomes using routine anonymised linked data in an efficient study design, and questionnaires to capture patient-reported outcomes at 1 and 4 months. Secondary outcomes include mortality, length of hospital stay, job cycle time, prehospital medications including morphine, presence of hip fracture, satisfaction, mobility, and NHS costs. We will assess safety by monitoring serious adverse events (SAEs).

Discussion
The trial will help to determine whether paramedic administered FICB is a safe, clinically and cost-effective treatment for suspected hip fracture in the pre-hospital setting. Impact will be shown if and when clinical guidelines either recommend or reject the use of FICB in routine practice in this context.

Trial registration
ISRCTN15831813. Registered on 22 September 2021.
SHIFTPLAN: a randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of a multimodal shift-work intervention on drivers’ fatigue, sleep, health, and performance parameters.
Authors: Declercq Inge , Van Den Eede Filip , Roelant Ella , Verbraecken Johan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Shift work is commonly associated with health problems resulting from circadian misalignment and sleep restriction. About one in three shift workers is affected by insomnia and up to 90% report regular fatigue and/or sleepiness at the workplace. Epidemiological data shows that shift workers are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, breast cancer, mental-health problems, and shift-work disorder, which conditions typically lead to reduced work performance, processing errors, accidents at work, absenteeism, and reduced quality of life. Given these widespread and debilitating consequences, there is an urgent need for treatments that help improve the sleep, health, and functional performance of the shift-working population. The most common non-pharmacological recommendations are improved scheduling, bright-light exposure, napping, psychoeducation promoting sleep hygiene, and cognitive-behavioral techniques. The objectives of the present study are to investigate the effects of a multimodal shift-work intervention on perceived fatigue, sleepiness, physical and mental health, sleep parameters, and absenteeism.

Methods
A randomized controlled interventional study comparing the two groups each comprising at least 80 drivers of a public transport company, using self-report questionnaires and health checks completed at intake and after 3 and 6 months following the start of the intervention or waiting-list period. The intervention consists of (a) healthy scheduling taking into account shift-rotation direction and speed, chronotype, resting time, and napping; (b) an education program specifically developed for shift workers; and (c) a dedicated information campaign for shift planners. The primary outcome is symptomatic burden in terms of sleepiness, and the key secondary outcome is symptomatic burden in terms of fatigue. Supplementary secondary outcomes are sleep parameters, absenteeism, general and clinical health, changes in mood, and anxiety.

Discussion
Expected outcomes are significant improvements on all primary and secondary outcome parameters in the intervention group. To our knowledge, ours is the first randomized controlled study to systematically investigate the effects of a multimodal program on multiple health, sleep, and performance parameters in shift workers. Our research also aims at providing evidence-based practice guidelines for healthy scheduling in general and thus contribute to diminishing the serious health and economic burdens associated with shift work overall.

Trial registration
EDGE registration number: 000339. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05452096
Integrated traditional Chinese medicine intervention for delaying HIV morbidity: study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial
Authors: Ding Xue , Meng Pengfei , Ma Xiuxia , Cui Weifeng , Li Liangping , Song Xiyuan , Wang Jiangrong , Ma Chengjie , Chen Xin , Xu Liran 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome is caused by humans and is high worldwide. Active antiretroviral therapy emerged in the late 1990s and is effective against AIDS. However, despite the extensive research on AIDS, there is still no vaccine or cure. The benefits of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for AIDS are increasingly recognised, especially by patients with asymptomatic HIV infection.

Methods/design
The proposed trial will enrol 216 eligible patients who will be randomised into treatment and control groups. After 72 weeks of intervention, the efficacy and safety of TCM for patients with AIDS will be assessed. The variables that will be measured include clinical symptoms, TCM syndromes, viral load, immunological indicators, inflammatory factors, quality of life, patient-reported outcomes and safety assessment.

Discussion
The study aim to compare the effectiveness and safety of TCM for asymptomatic AIDS and explore its potential underlying mechanism. Additionally, the findings will provide a reference for the use of TCM to delay the onset and control the progression of HIV/AIDS.

Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR1800018365. Registered on 13 September 2018
Improved energy efficiency in microbial fuel cells by bioethanol and electricity co-generation
Authors: Xie Rong , Wang Shuang , Wang Kai , Wang Meng , Chen Biqiang , Wang Zheng , Tan Tianwei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundMicrobial electricity production has received considerable attention from researchers due to its environmental friendliness and low price. The increase in the number of intracellular electrons in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) helps to improve the MFC performance.ResultsIn this study, we accumulated excess electrons intracellularly by knocking out the gene related to intracellular electron consumption inSaccharomyces cerevisiae, and the elevated intracellular electron pool positively influenced the performances of MFCs in terms of electricity production, while helping to increase ethanol production and achieve ethanol and electricity co-production, which in turn improved the utilization of substrates. The final knockout strain reached a maximum ethanol yield of 7.71 g/L and a maximum power density of 240 mW/m2in the MFC, which was 12 times higher than that of the control bacteria, with a 17.3% increase in energy utilization.ConclusionsThe knockdown of intracellular electron-consuming genes reported here allowed the accumulation of excess electrons in cells, and the elevated intracellular electron pool positively influenced the electrical production performance of the MFC. Furthermore, by knocking out the intracellular metabolic pathway, the yield of ethanol could be increased, and co-production of ethanol and electricity could be achieved. Thus, the MFC improved the utilization of the substrate.
High-dimensional investigation of the cerebrospinal fluid to explore and monitor CNS immune responses
Authors: Heming Michael , Börsch Anna-Lena , Wiendl Heinz , Meyer zu Hörste Gerd 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) features a unique immune cell composition and is in constant contact with the brain borders, thus permitting insights into the brain to diagnose and monitor diseases. Recently, the meninges, which are filled with CSF, were identified as a neuroimmunological interface, highlighting the potential of exploring central nervous system (CNS) immunity by studying CNS border compartments. Here, we summarize how single-cell transcriptomics of such border compartments advance our understanding of neurological diseases, the challenges that remain, and what opportunities novel multi-omic methods offer. Single-cell transcriptomics studies have detected cytotoxic CD4+ T cells and clonally expanded T and B cells in the CSF in the autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis; clonally expanded pathogenic CD8+ T cells were found in the CSF and in the brain adjacent to β-amyloid plaques of dementia patients; in patients with brain metastases, CD8+ T cell clonotypes were shared between the brain parenchyma and the CSF and persisted after therapy. We also outline how novel multi-omic approaches permit the simultaneous measurements of gene expression, chromatin accessibility, and protein in the same cells, which remain to be explored in the CSF. This calls for multicenter initiatives to create single-cell atlases, posing challenges in integrating patients and modalities across centers. While high-dimensional analyses of CSF cells are challenging, they hold potential for personalized medicine by better resolving heterogeneous diseases and stratifying patients.
Multi-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy: state of the art and future directions
Authors: Wei Yi , Yang Caiwei , Jiang Hanyu , Li Qian , Che Feng , Wan Shang , Yao Shan , Gao Feifei , Zhang Tong , Wang Jiazheng , Song Bin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWith the development of heteronuclear fluorine, sodium, phosphorus, and other probes and imaging technologies as well as the optimization of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) equipment and sequences, multi-nuclear magnetic resonance (multi-NMR) has enabled localize molecular activities in vivo that are central to a variety of diseases, including cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative pathologies, metabolic diseases, kidney, and tumor, to shift from the traditional morphological imaging to the molecular imaging, precision diagnosis, and treatment mode. However, due to the low natural abundance and low gyromagnetic ratios, the clinical application of multi-NMR has been hampered. Several techniques have been developed to amplify the NMR sensitivity such as the dynamic nuclear polarization, spin-exchange optical pumping, and brute-force polarization. Meanwhile, a wide range of nuclei can be hyperpolarized, such as2H,3He,13C,15 N,31P, and129Xe. The signal can be increased and allows real-time observation of biological perfusion, metabolite transport, and metabolic reactions in vivo, overcoming the disadvantages of conventional magnetic resonance of low sensitivity. HP-NMR imaging of different nuclear substrates provides a unique opportunity and invention to map the metabolic changes in various organs without invasive procedures. This review aims to focus on the recent applications of multi-NMR technology not only in a range of preliminary animal experiments but also in various disease spectrum in human. Furthermore, we will discuss the future challenges and opportunities of this multi-NMR from a clinical perspective, in the hope of truly bridging the gap between cutting-edge molecular biology and clinical applications.
Successful treatment with daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone therapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation for newly diagnosed polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein, skin changes syndrome: a case report
Authors: Taenaka Ryutaro , Shimokawa Sakurako , Katayama Ayako , Nagao Toshihiko , Obara Teppei , Nishimura Naoaki , Tsujimoto Atsushi , Kohno Kentaro , Aoki Kenichi , Ogawa Ryosuke 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundTransplant-eligible patients with polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein, skin changes syndrome are treated with induction therapy and autologous stem cell transplantation. Conventional induction therapies may exacerbate neuropathy and a high rate of disease progression within 5 years. Furthermore, only 50% of patients are able to walk independently after the therapies. Daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone therapy has been reported as a less neurotoxic, highly effective therapy for patients with polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein, skin changes syndrome who are ineligible for transplant or whose syndrome is relapsed/refractory, but no reports have provided data from untreated transplant-eligible patients.Case presentationA 34-year-old Japanese woman displayed weakness, pain and edema in the lower limbs, decreased grip strength, amenorrhea, and abdominal distention. She was unable to walk independently. The patient was diagnosed with polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein, skin changes syndrome and performed four courses of daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone therapy, which enabled her to walk independently and did not exacerbate the neuropathy. Hematopoietic stem cells were collected using plerixafor and filgrastim in combination. Autologous stem cell transplantation was performed with high-dose melphalan. At 3-month post-transplantation follow-up, most of her clinical symptoms had disappeared.ConclusionsDaratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone therapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation may be more effective than conventional therapy for newly diagnosed polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein, skin changes syndrome. Although there was concerns that daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone therapy might lead to poor mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells, this was overcome with the combination of plerixafor and filgrastim. The benefit of daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone as induction therapy prior to autologous stem cell transplantation should be confirmed in future clinical trials.
Black-box adversarial attacks through speech distortion for speech emotion recognition
Authors: Gao Jinxing , Yan Diqun , Dong Mingyu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSpeech emotion recognition is a key branch of affective computing. Nowadays, it is common to detect emotional diseases through speech emotion recognition. Various detection methods of emotion recognition, such as LTSM, GCN, and CNN, show excellent performance. However, due to the robustness of the model, the recognition results of the above models will have a large deviation. So in this article, we use black boxes to combat sample attacks to explore the robustness of the model. After using three different black-box attacks, the accuracy of the CNN-MAA model decreased by 69.38% at the best attack scenario, while the word error rate (WER) of voice decreased by only 6.24%, indicating that the robustness of the model does not perform well under our black-box attack method. After adversarial training, the model accuracy only decreased by 13.48%, which shows the effectiveness of adversarial training against sample attacks. Our code is available in Github.
Association between mother’s work status and child stunting in urban slums: a cross-sectional assessment of 346 child-mother dyads in Dhaka, Bangladesh (2020)
Authors: Win Hayman , Shafique Sohana , Mizan Sharmin , Wallenborn Jordyn , Probst-Hensch Nicole , Fink Günther 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
A growing literature highlights the increased risk of stunting among children growing up in informal or slum settlements. Despite relatively high rates of female labor force participation in slums, there is limited evidence on relationship between mother’s work participation and nutritional outcomes of children in these settings.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study in two large slums (Korail and Tongi) of Dhaka and Gazipur, Bangladesh to assess the association between maternal work and childhood stunting in a low-income urban context. Logistic regression models estimated unconditional and conditional associations between maternal work status and 1) child stunting, 2) child morbidity and dietary intake, and 3) health and hygiene behaviors. Subgroup analyses were done by type of child care support available.

Results
After adjusting for variations in individual and household level characteristics, we found that children of working mothers had nearly twice the odds of being stunted than children of non-working mothers (OR 1.84, 95%CI 1.05-3.23). Large differences in stunting were found by available care support: compared to children of non-working mothers, children of working mothers with nuclear-type family support had 4.5 times increased odds of stunting (OR 4.49, 95%CI 1.81-11.12), while no odds differential was found for children of working mothers with an extended-type family support (OR 0.69, 95%CI 0.30-1.59).

Conclusions
Maternal employment is associated with a substantial increase in the odds of child stunting in the slum areas studied. Given that these effects only appear to arise in the absence of adequate family support, integrating appropriate childcare support measures for low-income urban working mothers might be an effective strategy to help reduce the prevalence of chronic undernutrition among slum children.
A proposal for virtual, telephone-based preoperative cognitive assessment in older adults undergoing elective surgery
Authors: Cooper Lisa , Krishnan Sindhu , Javedan Houman , Bader Angela M. , Tulabaev Samir 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
To assess the feasibility of administering the MoCA 5-minute test/Telephone (T-MoCA), an abbreviated version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment to older adults perioperatively

Design
A feasibility study including patients aged ≥ 70 years scheduled for surgery from December 2020 to March 2021

Setting
Preoperative virtual clinic

Patients
Patients ≥70 years undergoing major elective surgery

Intervention
A study investigator called eligible patients prior to surgery, obtained consent, and completed the preoperative cognitive assessment. Follow-up assessment was completed 1-month postoperatively, and participating clinicians were surveyed at the completion of the study.

Measurements
An attention test, T-MoCA, Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-item (GAD-2)

Main results
Overall, 37/40 (92.5%) patients completed the pre- and post-operative assessments. The cohort was 50% female, white (97.5%), with a median age of 76 years (interquartile range (IQR) 73-79), and education level was higher than high school in 82.5% of patients. Preoperatively, the median number of medications was 8 (IQR 7-11), 27/40 (67.5%) had medications with anticholinergic effects, and 6/40 (15%) had benzodiazepines. Median completion time of the phone assessment was 10 min (IQR 8.25-12) and 4 min (IQR 3-5) for the T-MoCA with a median T-MoCA score of 13 (IQR 12-14). Most patients (37/40) completed the post-operative assessment, and 6/37 (16.2%) reported they had experienced a change in memory or attention post-operatively. Clinician’s survey reported ease and feasibility in performing T-MoCA as a preoperative cognitive evaluation.

Conclusion
Preoperative cognitive assessment of older adults using T-MoCA over the phone is easy to perform by clinicians and had a high completion rate by patients. This test is feasible for virtual assessments. Further research is needed to better define validity and correlation with postoperative outcomes.