bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internet gaming disorder and depression mediated by impaired resilience and sleep distress: a three-wave longitudinal study among Chinese adolescents
Authors: Peng P. , Chen Z. M. , Ren S. L. , He Y. , Li J. G. , Liao A. J. , Zhao L. L. , Shao X. , Chen S. S. , He R. N. , Liang Y. D. , Tan Y. G. , Chen X. G. , Liao Y. H. , Tang J. S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aims
While the cross-sectional relationship between internet gaming disorder (IGD) and depression is well-established, whether IGD predicts future depression remains debated, and the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. This large-scale, three-wave longitudinal study aimed to clarify the predictive role of IGD in depression and explore the mediating effects of resilience and sleep distress.

Methods
A cohort of 41,215 middle school students from Zigong City was assessed at three time points: November 2021 (T1), November 2022 (T2) and November 2023 (T3). IGD, depression, sleep distress and resilience were measured using standardized questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the associations between baseline IGD and both concurrent and subsequent depression. Mediation analyses were conducted with T1 IGD as the predictor, T2 sleep distress and resilience as serial mediators and T3 depression as the outcome. To test the robustness of the findings, a series of sensitivity analyses were performed. Additionally, sex differences in the mediation pathways were explored.

Results
(1) IGD was independently associated with depression at baseline (T1: adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.76, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.79–5.98, p < 0.001), 1 year later (T2: AOR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.16–1.74, p < 0.001) and 2 years later (T3: AOR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.01–1.53, p = 0.042); (2) A serial multiple mediation effect of sleep distress and resilience was identified in the relationship between IGD and depression. The mediation ratio was 60.7% in the unadjusted model and 33.3% in the fully adjusted model, accounting for baseline depression, sleep distress, resilience and other covariates. The robustness of our findings was supported by various sensitivity analyses; and (3) Sex differences were observed in the mediating roles of sleep distress and resilience, with the mediation ratio being higher in boys compared to girls.

Conclusions
IGD is a significant predictor of depression in adolescents, with resilience and sleep distress serving as key mediators. Early identification and targeted interventions for IGD may help prevent depression. Intervention strategies should prioritize enhancing resilience and improving sleep quality, particularly among boys at risk.
Monospecific Diatom Cultures Suggest Potential Interspecies Variation of Diatom‐Bound Nitrogen Isotope Signatures Associated With Silica Acquisition
Authors: Robinson R. S. , Jones C. A. , Dove I. A. , Kelly R. P. , Brzezinski M. A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTracking the supply and demand of nitrate in the past ocean can help to constrain the role of biology and circulation in regulating climate. The nitrogen isotopic composition of marine phytoplankton (δ15Nbiomass) tracks nitrate supply and demand but may not be well preserved in the sediments, while the isotopic composition of nitrogen contained within the frustules of diatoms (δ15NDB) is thought to be protected from alteration. Here we document the relationship between δ15Nbiomass and δ15NDB in cultures of seven Southern Ocean diatom species. Average δ15Nbiomass values are 1.8 ± 0.8‰ lower than δ15NDB values for 6 of the 7 species grown. The exception, Fragilariopsis rhombica, records δ15Nbiomass that are greater than δ15NDB values, opposite in sign from the other studied species and statistically significantly different from each other. Because most of the diatom species measured indistinguishable isotopic offsets between biomass and diatom‐bound N, we assert that sedimentary δ15NDB values largely reflect surface ocean nitrate δ15N and therefore nitrate supply and demand. F. rhombica was not only different in terms of its relationship between δ15Nbiomass and δ15NDB but also in mean N:Si uptake and nitrogen content of cleaned frustules, suggesting a role for N allocation relative to Si in setting δ15NDB. While this result is largely based on only one species of diatom in culture, it is possible that significant contribution of groups with a similarly elevated εDB could decrease the overall value of the sedimentary δ15NDB signal.
Sea‐Ice Deformations at the Submesoscale and Below During the Melting Season
Authors: Kimura Satoshi , Ukita Jinro , Fujiwara Amane , Kikuchi Takashi 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMany sea‐ice models formulate sea‐ice rheology by a viscous‐plastic approach with an elliptical yield curve and a normal flow rule. However, it remains uncertain whether this formulation is suitable for finer‐resolution climate models in the warming Arctic. We analyze sea‐ice deformation using half‐hourly Global Positioning System (GPS) data initially spaced approximately 100 m to 10 km apart from March–July 2020 and 2022 in the Beaufort Gyre. Our findings show the prevalence of shear‐dominated deformation and the greater capacity for persistence in the convergence‐dominated deformation compared to divergence‐dominated deformation. The former supports the sine‐lens yield curve, while the latter supports the teardrop yield curve. Our results examine the validity of the elliptical yield curve during sea‐ice breakup and advocate the need for a combination of sine‐lens and teardrop yield curves from data‐supported arguments.
Australian Heritage for the North Lhasa Terrane
Authors: Yu Chang‐Sheng , Wang Ming , Zhou Jian‐Bo , Palin Richard M. , Liu Jin , Wan Bin , Shen Di , Danzeng Quewang , Zhang Sheng‐Shuo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe Precambrian history of the Lhasa terrane, southern Tibet is intensely debated, which hinders global plate tectonic reconstructions throughout the Proterozoic. Previous research on Precambrian basement has suggested that the Lhasa terrane originated from India or Africa, although the paucity of exposed pre‐Neoproterozoic rocks in the North Lhasa terrane (NL) has led to significant uncertainty. We document newly identified Neoarchean granites and Mesoproterozoic Guomangtso Suite from the NL. These pre‐Neoproterozoic rocks reveal a 2.62 Ga anorogenic rifting event and a 1.30–1.10 Ga transition from subduction to back‐arc extension, related to the 2.7–2.6 Ga rifting of the Pilbara Craton and the Proterozoic assembly between the North and West Australian Cratons, respectively. However, these tectono‐magmatic events have no equivalents in the South Lhasa terrane (SL). These observations suggest that the NL originated from Western Australia, and the NL and SL may have distinct origins.
Modeling the Impact of the Bidirectional Exchange of NH3 From the Great Lakes on a Regional and Local Scale Using GEM‐MACH
Authors: Davis M. G. , Murphy J. G. , Sitwell M. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAmmonia emissions from oceans are recognized as one of the most significant natural sources of ammonia globally; however, freshwater sources are rarely considered significant. The Great Lakes region, containing the largest network of freshwater lakes in the world, and a significant urbanized population exceeding 20 million, provides a unique opportunity to evaluate the potential for lacustrine (lake‐associated) surfaces to contribute to regional ammonia levels. In this work, we combine an analysis of 20 years of water quality data from the Great Lakes region with the GEM‐MACH (Global Environmental Multiscale (GEM)‐Modelling Air quality and CHemistry (MACH)) chemical transport model to examine the influence of the Great Lakes on atmospheric ammonia. This analysis demonstrates that while regional ammonia levels are largely controlled by known terrestrial anthropogenic sources, lacustrine surfaces with an emission potential of only 200 increase summertime (July–September) monthly average ammonia (NH3) levels by 5%–8% over the largest regional urban centers, with daily increases of up to 10%–20%. Supplemental water measurements collected from within 1 km offshore of the Greater Toronto Area were found to have an emission potential of 2000, suggesting that lacustrine emissions offshore of large urban areas could be significantly larger than those predicted by GEM‐MACH. Our findings reveal that the Great Lakes may represent a regionally significant natural source of ammonia to the atmosphere.
Unravelling genotype-phenotype correlations in Stargardt disease using patient-derived retinal organoids
Authors: Watson Avril , Queen Rachel , Ferrández-Peral Luis , Dorgau Birthe , Collin Joseph , Nelson Andrew , Hussain Rafiqul , Coxhead Jonathan , McCorkindale Michael , Atkinson Robert , Zerti Darin , Chichagova Valeria , Conesa Ana , Armstrong Lyle , Cremers Frans P. M. , Lako Majlinda 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Stargardt disease is an inherited retinopathy affecting approximately 1:8000 individuals. It is characterised by biallelic variants in ABCA4 which encodes a vital protein for the recycling of retinaldehydes in the retina. Despite its prevalence and impact, there are currently no treatments available for this condition. Furthermore, 35% of STGD1 cases remain genetically unsolved. To investigate the cellular and molecular characteristics associated with STGD1, we generated iPSCs from two monoallelic unresolved (PT1 & PT2), late-onset STGD1 cases with the heterozygous complex allele - c.[5461-10 T > C;5603 A > T]. Both patient iPSCs and those from a biallelic affected control (AC) carrying -c.4892 T > C and c.4539+2001G > A, were differentiated to retinal organoids, which developed all key retinal neurons and photoreceptors with outer segments positive for ABCA4 expression. We observed patient-specific disruption to lamination with OPN1MW/LW+ cone photoreceptor retention in the retinal organoid centre during differentiation. Photoreceptor retention was more severe in the AC case affecting both cones and rods, suggesting a genotype/phenotype correlation. scRNA-Seq suggests retention may be due to the induction of stress-related pathways in photoreceptors. Whole genome sequencing successfully identified the missing alleles in both cases; PT1 reported c.-5603A > T in homozygous state and PT2 uncovered a rare hypomorph - c.-4685T > C. Furthermore, retinal organoids were able to recapitulate the retina-specific splicing defect in PT1 as shown by long-read RNA-seq data. Collectively, these results highlight the suitability of retinal organoids in STGD1 modelling. Their ability to display genotype-phenotype correlations enhances their utility as a platform for therapeutic development.
Inhibition of Atg7 in intestinal epithelial cells drives resistance against Citrobacter rodentium
Authors: Cune David , Pitasi Caterina Luana , Rubiola Alessia , Jamma Trinath , Simula Luca , Boucher Camille , Fortun Apolline , Adoux Lucie , Letourneur Franck , Saintpierre Benjamin , Donnadieu Emmanuel , Terris Benoît , Bossard Pascale , Chassaing Benoît , Romagnolo Béatrice 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Autophagy, a cytoprotective mechanism in intestinal epithelial cells, plays a crucial role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Beyond its cell-autonomous effects, the significance of autophagy in these cells is increasingly acknowledged in the dynamic interplay between the microbiota and the immune response. In the context of colon cancer, intestinal epithelium disruption of autophagy has been identified as a critical factor influencing tumor development. This disruption modulates the composition of the gut microbiota, eliciting an anti-tumoral immune response. Here, we report that Atg7 deficiency in intestinal epithelial cells shapes the intestinal microbiota leading to an associated limitation of colitis induced by Citrobacter rodentium infection. Mice with an inducible, intestinal epithelial-cell-specific deletion of the autophagy gene, Atg7, exhibited enhanced clearance of C. rodentium, mitigated hyperplasia, and reduced pathogen-induced goblet cell loss. This protective effect is linked to a higher proportion of neutrophils and phagocytic cells in the early phase of infection. At later stages, it is associated with the downregulation of pro-inflammatory pathways and an increase in Th17 and Treg responses—immune responses known for their protective roles against C. rodentium infection, modulated by specific gut microbiota. Fecal microbiota transplantation and antibiotic treatment approaches revealed that the Atg7-deficiency-shapped microbiota, especially Gram-positive bacteria, playing a central role in driving resistance to C. rodentium infection. In summary, our findings highlight that inhibiting autophagy in intestinal epithelial cells contributes to maintaining homeostasis and preventing detrimental intestinal inflammation through microbiota-mediated colonization resistance against C. rodentium. This underscores the central role played by autophagy in shaping the microbiota in promoting immune-mediated resistance against enteropathogens.
A decision point between transdifferentiation and programmed cell death priming controls KRAS-dependent pancreatic cancer development
Authors: Schneider Anne T. , Koppe Christiane , Crouchet Emilie , Papargyriou Aristeidis , Singer Michael T. , Büttner Veronika , Keysberg Leonie , Szydlowska Marta , Jühling Frank , Moehlin Julien , Chen Min-Chun , Leone Valentina , Mueller Sebastian , Neuß Thorsten , Castoldi Mirco , Lesina Marina , Bergmann Frank , Hackert Thilo , Steiger Katja , Knoefel Wolfram T. , Zaufel Alex , Kather Jakob N. , Esposito Irene , Gaida Matthias M. , Ghallab Ahmed , Hengstler Jan G. , Einwächter Henrik , Unger Kristian , Algül Hana , Gassler Nikolaus , Schmid Roland M. , Rad Roland , Baumert Thomas F. , Reichert Maximilian , Heikenwalder Mathias , Kondylis Vangelis , Vucur Mihael , Luedde Tom 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
KRAS-dependent acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM) is a fundamental step in the development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but the involvement of cell death pathways remains unclear. Here, we show that key regulators of programmed cell death (PCD) become upregulated during KRAS-driven ADM, thereby priming transdifferentiated cells to death. Using transgenic mice and primary cell and organoid cultures, we show that transforming growth factor (TGF)-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), a kinase regulating cell survival and inflammatory pathways, prevents the elimination of transdifferentiated cells through receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1)-mediated apoptosis and necroptosis, enabling PDAC development. Accordingly, pharmacological inhibition of TAK1 induces PCD in patient-derived PDAC organoids. Importantly, cell death induction via TAK1 inhibition does not appear to elicit an overt injury-associated inflammatory response. Collectively, these findings suggest that TAK1 supports cellular plasticity by suppressing spontaneous PCD activation during ADM, representing a promising pharmacological target for the prevention and treatment of PDAC.
A fully conjugated meso-boron-substituted porphyrinoid combining Lewis acidity with redox-switchable aromaticity
Authors: Buckel Manuel , Klopf Jonas , Schneider Johannes S. , Lik Artur , Riensch Nicolas A. , Krummenacher Ivo , Braunschweig Holger , Engels Bernd , Helten Holger 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The structural motif of porphyrin is relevant for many essential biological processes and has emerged as a versatile component of functional materials. Here, we introduce a thiophene-based porphyrinogen having electron-deficient boron atoms in all four meso-positions. Its fully π-conjugated backbone exhibits effectively concealed antiaromaticity, with locally confined aromaticity to the thiophene units. The macrocycle readily binds fluoride ions, signaled by changes in its photophysical characteristics. Global aromaticity is switched on via facile consecutive (electro)chemical one-electron reductions to give the radical anion and the dianion, the potassium salts both of which were isolated and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The bowl-shaped dianion constitutes a tetrathiophene-based porphyrinoid with a metal cation in its coordination sphere. This 18-π-electron macrocycle shows absorption features typical of porphyrins, while its low-energy Q bands are unusually intense in relation to the Soret bands. In addition, it displays fluorescence emission in the near-infrared (NIR) spectral region.
Assessing the contribution of rare protein-coding germline variants to prostate cancer risk and severity in 37,184 cases
Authors: Mitchell Jonathan , Camacho Niedzica , Shea Patrick , Stopsack Konrad H. , Joseph Vijai , Burren Oliver S. , Dhindsa Ryan S. , Nag Abhishek , Berchuck Jacob E. , O’Neill Amanda , Abbasi Ali , Zoghbi Anthony W. , Alegre-Díaz Jesus , Kuri-Morales Pablo , Berumen Jaime , Tapia-Conyer Roberto , Emberson Jonathan , Torres Jason M. , Collins Rory , Wang Quanli , Goldstein David , Matakidou Athena , Haefliger Carolina , Anderson-Dring Lauren , March Ruth , Jobanputra Vaidehi , Dougherty Brian , Carss Keren , Petrovski Slavé , Kantoff Philip W. , Offit Kenneth , Mucci Lorelei A. , Pomerantz Mark , Fabre Margarete A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
To assess the contribution of rare coding germline genetic variants to prostate cancer risk and severity, we perform here a meta-analysis of 37,184 prostate cancer cases and 331,329 male controls from five cohorts with germline whole exome or genome sequencing data, and one cohort with imputed array data. At the gene level, our case-control collapsing analysis confirms associations between rare damaging variants in four genes and increased prostate cancer risk: SAMHD1, BRCA2 and ATM at the study-wide significance level (P < 1×10−8), and CHEK2 at the suggestive threshold (P < 2.6×10−6). Our case-only analysis, reveals that rare damaging variants in AOX1 are associated with more aggressive disease (OR = 2.60 [1.75–3.83], P = 1.35×10−6), as well as confirming the role of BRCA2 in determining disease severity. At the single-variant level, our study reveals that a rare missense variant in TERT is associated with substantially reduced prostate cancer risk (OR = 0.13 [0.07–0.25], P = 4.67×10−10), and confirms rare non-synonymous variants in a further three genes associated with reduced risk (ANO7, SPDL1, AR) and in three with increased risk (HOXB13, CHEK2, BIK). Altogether, this work provides deeper insights into the genetic architecture and biological basis of prostate cancer risk and severity, with potential implications for clinical risk prediction and therapeutic strategies.
Boosting mechanical durability under high humidity by bioinspired multisite polymer for high-efficiency flexible perovskite solar cells
Authors: Li Zhihao , Jia Chunmei , Wan Zhi , Cao Junchao , Shi Jishan , Xue Jiayi , Liu Xirui , Wu Hongzhuo , Xiao Chuanxiao , Li Can , Li Meng , Zhang Chao , Li Zhen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Flexible perovskite solar cells (FPSCs) with high stability in moist air are required for their practical applications. However, the poor mechanical stability under high humidity air remains a critical challenge for flexible perovskite devices. Herein, inspired by the exceptional wet adhesion of mussels via dopamine groups, we propose a multidentate-cross-linking strategy, which combine multibranched structure and adequate dopamine anchor sites in three-dimensional hyperbranched polymer to directly chelate perovskite materials in multiple directions, therefore construct a vertical scaffold across the bulk of perovskite films from the bottom to the top interfaces, intimately bind to the perovskite grains and substrates with a strong adhesion ability, and enhance mechanical durability under high humidity. Consequently, the modified rigid PSCs achieve superior PCE up to 25.92%, while flexible PSCs exhibit a PCE of 24.43% and maintain 94.1% of initial PCE after 10,000 bending cycles with a bending radius of 3 mm under exposed to 65% humidity.
Spontaneous ordering of identical materials into a triboelectric series
Authors: Sobarzo Juan Carlos , Pertl Felix , Balazs Daniel M. , Costanzo Tommaso , Sauer Markus , Foelske Annette , Ostermann Markus , Pichler Christian M. , Wang Yongkang , Nagata Yuki , Bonn Mischa , Waitukaitis Scott 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
When two insulating, neutral materials are contacted and separated, they exchange electrical charge1. Experiments have long suggested that this ‘contact electrification’ is transitive, with different materials ordering into ‘triboelectric series’ based on the sign of charge acquired2. At the same time, the effect is plagued by unpredictability, preventing consensus on the mechanism and casting doubt on the rhyme and reason that series imply3. Here we expose an unanticipated connection between the unpredictability and order in contact electrification: nominally identical materials initially exchange charge randomly and intransitively, but—over repeated experiments—order into triboelectric series. We find that this evolution is driven by the act of contact itself—samples with more contacts in their history charge negatively to ones with fewer contacts. Capturing this ‘contact bias’ in a minimal model, we recreate both the initial randomness and ultimate order in numerical simulations and use it experimentally to force the appearance of a triboelectric series of our choosing. With a set of surface-sensitive techniques to search for the underlying alterations contact creates, we only find evidence of nanoscale morphological changes, pointing to a mechanism strongly coupled with mechanics. Our results highlight the centrality of contact history in contact electrification and suggest that focusing on the unpredictability that has long plagued the effect may hold the key to understanding it.
Global Future Drought Layers Based on Downscaled CMIP6 Models and Multiple Socioeconomic Pathways
Authors: Araujo Diogo S. A. , Enquist Brian J. , Frazier Amy E. , Merow Cory , Roehrdanz Patrick R. , Moulatlet Gabriel M. , Zvoleff Alex , Song Lei , Maitner Brian , Nikolopoulos Efthymios I. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Droughts are a natural hazard of growing concern as they are projected to increase in frequency and severity for many regions of the world. The identification of droughts and their future characteristics is essential to building an understanding of the geography and magnitude of potential drought change trajectories, which in turn is critical information to manage drought resilience across multiple sectors and disciplines. Adding to this effort, we developed a dataset of global historical and projected future drought indices over the 1980–2100 period based on downscaled CMIP6 models across multiple shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP). The dataset is composed of two indices: the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) for 23 downscaled global climate models (GCMs) (0.25-degree resolution), including historical (1980–2014) and future projections (2015–2100) under four climate scenarios: SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5. The drought indices were calculated for 3-, 6- and 12-month accumulation timescales and are available as gridded spatial datasets in a regular latitude-longitude format at monthly time resolution.