bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Evolutionary History and Ancestral Biogeographic Range Estimation of Old-world Rhinolophidae and Hipposideridae (Chiroptera)
Authors: Chornelia Ada - , Hughes Alice Catherine 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background:
Family Rhinolophidae (horseshoe bats), Hipposideridae (leaf-nosed bats) and Rhinonycteridae (trident bats) are exclusively distributed in the Old-World, and their biogeography reflects the complex historic geological events throughout the Cenozoic. Here we investigated the origin of these families and unravel the conflicting family origin theories using a high resolution tree covering taxa from each zoogeographic realms from Africa to Australia. Ancestral range estimations were performed using a probabilistic approach implemented in BioGeoBEARS with subset analysis per biogeographic range (Old-World as whole, Oriental-Oceania-Australia(OOA) and Afrotropical-Madagascar-Palearctic(AMP)).
Result:
Our result supports an Oriental origin for Rhinolophidae, whereas Hipposideridae originated from the Oriental and African regions in concordance with fossil evidence of both families. The fossil evidence indicates that Hipposideridae has diversified across Eurasia and the Afro-Arabian region since the Middle Eocene. Meanwhile, Rhinonycteridae (the sister family of Hipposideridae) appears to have originated from the Sudanian-Somalia-Ethiopia region splitting from the common ancestor with Hipposideridae in Africa. Indomalaya is the center of origin of Rhinolophidae OOA lineages, and Indomalayan + Philippine appears to be center of origin of Hipposideridae OOA lineage indicating allopatric speciation and may have involved jump-dispersal (founder-event) speciation within OOA lineage. Wallacea and the the Philippines may have been used as stepping stones for dispersal towards Oceania and Australia from the Oriental region. Multiple colonization events via different routes may have occurred in the Philippines (i.e., Palawan and Wallacea) since the Late Miocene. The colonization of Rhinolophidae towards Africa from Asia coincided with the estimated time of Tethys ocean closure around the Oligoceneto Miocene (around 27 Ma), allowing species to disperse via the Arabian Peninsula. Additionally, the number of potential cryptic species in Rhinolophidae in Southeast Asia may have increased since Plio-Pleistocene and late Miocene.
Conclusion:
Overall, we highlight that complex historical events, in addition to species specific ecomorphology and specialization of ecological niches may shape current distributions.
Plasma Interleukin 6 Levels Predict Long-term Mortality in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid
Authors: Zhang Renjie , Zhang Yu , Liu Zheran , Pei Yiyan , He Yan , Yu Jiayi , You Chao , Ma Lu , Fang Fang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is an inflammatory cytokine released into the periphery after stroke, involved in the prognosis of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). We aimed to explore the relationship between serum IL-6 with long-term mortality after aSAH.METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 18824 SAH patients for collection of serum IL-6 levels during hospitalization from a large, single-center aSAH database of Sichuan University West China Hospital. Patient deaths were determined through a national death record registration system. The primary outcome was long-term mortality. Cox regression models were used to investigate univariate and multivariate relationships between predictors and outcomes. A propensity score-matched analysis was conducted to minimize bias from confounding variables.RESULTS: In total, we included 1131 aSAH patients with 3288 records of IL-6 collections. Initial serum IL-6 values were elevated in all, ranging from 1.50 to 4522.00 pg/ml. After logarithmic transformation, the IL-6 was associated with long-term mortality (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.21-1.44). The results maintained significant in the multivariate cox regression and propensity score-matched analysis (adjusted HR 1.23, 95% CI 1.11-1.36, p<0.001; IL-6 >103.00 pg/ml vs IL-6≤103. 00 pg/ml, PSM HR 1.94, 95% CI 1.48-2.55, p<0.001). Similar results were observed in the long-term mortality of survivors at discharge and 1-year mortality.CONCLUSIONS: Serum IL-6 is independently associated with long-term mortality of aSAH patients. Our study provided new evidence for the investigation of inflammation after aSAH and the association of inflammatory cytokines with the long-term prognosis of aSAH and might support future management decisions.
Transcriptome signatures preceding the induction of anti-stalk antibodies elicited by a chimeric hemagglutinin-based universal influenza virus vaccine
Authors: Aydillo Teresa , Gonzalez-reiche Ana , Stadlbauer Daniel , Amper Mary Anne , Nair Venugopalan , Mariottini Chiara , Sealfon Stuart , Bakel Harm van , Palese Peter , Krammer Florian , Garcia-Sastre Adolfo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A phase 1 clinical trial to test the immunogenicity of a chimeric group 1 HA (cHA) universal influenza virus vaccine targeting the conserved stalk domain of the hemagglutinin of influenza viruses was carried out. Vaccination with adjuvanted-inactivated vaccines induced high anti-stalk antibody titers. We sought to identify gene expression signatures that correlate with such induction. Messenger-RNA sequencing in whole blood was performed on peripheral blood of 53 vaccinees, at early and late time points after priming and boosting. We generated longitudinal data on peripheral blood of 53 volunteers, at early (days 3 and 7) and late (28 days) time points after priming and boosting with cHAs. Differentially expressed gene analysis showed no differences between placebo and live-attenuated vaccine groups. However, an upregulation of genes involved in innate immune responses and type I interferon signaling was found at day 3 after vaccination with inactivated adjuvanted formulations. Cell type deconvolution analysis revealed a significant enrichment for monocytes and different subsets of dendritic cells as mediators for optimal B cell responses and significant increase of anti-stalk antibodies in sera. A significant upregulation of immunoglobulin related genes was only observed after administration of adjuvanted vaccines (either as primer or booster) with specific induction of anti-stalk IGVH1-69. This approach informed of specific immune signatures that correlate with robust anti-stalk antibody responses, while also helping to understand regulation of gene expression induced by cHA proteins under different vaccine regimens. Significance: Antibodies targeting the conserved stalk domain of the hemagglutinin protein of influenza viruses can prevent and reduce the severity of influenza virus infection. We have developed a chimeric HA vaccination strategy targeting these conserved regions and showed that vaccination induced high anti-stalk antibody titers in humans. Here we showed that anti-stalk vaccines elicit robust gene expression signatures similar to those described for subtype-specific influenza vaccines with an early upregulation of genes involved in innate immune response and type I interferon (IFN) signaling needed for an optimal B cell activation and proliferation. The current study provides a better understanding of the mechanism of regulation of gene expression and the transcriptional pathways that must be activated to induce optimal vaccine responses in the context of different universal vaccine strategies.
Effect of an additional bonding resin on the five years performance of a universal adhesive: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Fuentes Mª Victoria , Perdigão Jorge , Baracco Bruno , Giráldez Isabel , Ceballos Laura 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
ObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of the application of an additional hydrophobic bonding resin on the clinical performance of a universal adhesive applied in etch-and-rinse (ER) or self-etch adhesive (SE) strategy in non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) after 5 years. Materials and MethodsScotchbond Universal Adhesive (3M Oral Care) was applied in 134 NCCLs of 39 subjects using different adhesive approaches: 3-step ER (3-ER), 2-step ER (2-ER), 2-step SE (2-SE), and 1-step SE (1-SE). An extra layer of a hydrophobic bonding resin was applied for groups 3-ER and 2-SE. All lesions were restored with Filtek Supreme XTE resin composite (3M Oral Care). Restorations were evaluated at baseline and at 5 years using the modified USPHS criteria. Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests were performed, and the survival rates (retention/fracture) were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and Log-rank tests (p < 0.05). ResultsThe recall rate was 66.7% at 5 years. The cumulative survival rate was 96.9% for 3-ER, 96.8% for 2-ER, 71.4% for 2-SE and 81.3% for 1-SE strategies. Log-rank-test was statistically significant (p = 0.006). Retention rates were 100% for both ER groups, 75% for 2-SE and 81.3% for 1-SE. At 5 years, 2- and 1-SE approaches showed similar retention rates, but lower than those for 3- and 2-ER. A significant decrease in retention rate was detected for 2-SE (p = 0.007) and 1-SE (p = 0.014) groups between baseline and 5 years. All groups, except 2-ER, showed an increase in marginal discoloration. This parameter was statistically significant difference between 2-ER and 1-SE (p = 0.004). ConclusionsThe addition of a hydrophobic bonding resin to the recommended application sequence of Scotchbond Universal Adhesive did not improve its clinical performance in NCCLs after 5 years. Higher retention rates were found when this adhesive was applied in ER mode.Trial registrationThis manuscript is a 5-year follow-up of a randomized clinical trial that started in 2012 when there was no strong recommendation for registration in clinicaltrials.gov. The results after 36 months of clinical service were previously published in this journal.
Genomic surveillance reveals antibiotic resistance gene transmission via phage recombinases within sheep mastitis- associated Streptococcus uberis
Authors: Vezina Ben , Rosa Maria Nives , Canu Antonella , Tola Sebastiana 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Streptococcus uberis is one of the main causative agents of ovine mastitis, however little is known about this global, environmental pathogen and its genomic mechanisms of disease. In this study, we performed genomic analysis on 46 S. uberis isolates collected from mastitis-infected sheep in Sardinia (Italy). Results: Genomes were assigned into lineage clusters using PopPUNK, which found 27 distinct isolate clusters, indicating considerable genetic variability consistent with environmental isolates. Geographic trends were identified including regional linkage of several isolate clusters. Multi-locus Sequence Typing (MLST) performed poorly and provided no new insights.Genomes were then screened for antimicrobial resistance genes, which were compared to phenotypic resistance profiles. Isolates showed consistent phenotypic resistance to aminoglycosides with variable resistance to novobiocin and tetracycline. In general, identification of antimicrobial resistance genes did not correlate with phenotypic resistance profiles, indicating unknown genetic determinants. A multi-antimicrobial resistance cassette (aminoglycoside, lincosamide and streptogramin) was identified in the chromosome of three genomes, flanked by vestigial phage recombinases. This locus appears to have spread horizontally within discrete S. uberis populations within a 40 km radius (Sassari region).Genomes were screened for putative virulence factors, which identified 16 genes conserved between sheep and cow isolates, with no host-specific genes shared uniformly across all host-specific isolates.Pangenomic analysis was then performed to identify core genes which were putatively surface-exposed, for identification of potential vaccine targets. As all genomes encoded sortase, core genes were screened for the sortase cleavage motif. Of the 1445 core S. uberis genes, 64 were putative sortase substrates and were predominantly adhesins, permeases and peptidases, consistent with compounds found within ruminant milk such as xanthine, fibronectin and lactoferrin. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the importance of whole genome sequencing for surveillance of S. uberis and tracking horizontal acquisition of antimicrobial resistance genes, as well as providing insight into genetic determinants of disease, which cannot be inferred from the MLST schemes. Future mastitis surveillance should be informed by genomic analysis.
LncRNA SNHG1 facilitates the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invasiveness in glioblastoma multiforme via regulation of the miR-128-3p/RRAS2 axis
Authors: Wang Yongqiang , Yang Xiaochen , Zhang Weidong , Zhou Runpeng , Su Zhenjin , Wan Hengtong , Hong Xinyu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an essential role in the processes of tumorigenesis and tumor development. However, the role and underlying mechanism of lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1) in the development of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we found that SNHG1 was overexpressed in GBM tissue and cells. Scratch wound-healing and Transwell assays indicated that SNHG1 promoted GBM cell migration and invasion. Using bioinformatics analysis, miR-128-3p was identified as a candidate miRNA targeted by SNHG1. Dual luciferase reporter analysis indicated that miR-128-3p significantly repressed the signal from luciferase using the 3ʹ-UTR of SNHG1. Our results indicated that SNHG1 functioned as a sponge of miR-128-3p, and miR-128-3p expression was down-regulated in GBM. We also confirmed that recombinant human related RAS virus (R-Ras) oncogene homolog 2 (RRAS2) was a direct and functional target of miR-128-3p. In addition, we found that both SNHG1 and RRAS2 regulated the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of GBM cells. Taken together, our study showed that SNHG1 promoted the malignant progression of GBM by the SNHG1/miR-128-3p/RRAS2 axis, which activated the EMT, and which may provide a novel therapeutic treatment of GBM.
Cardiovascular harmful effects of recommended daily doses (13 µg/kg/day), tolerable upper intake doses (0.14 mg/kg/day) and twice the tolerable doses (0.28 mg/kg/day) of copper
Authors: Filetti Filipe Martinuzo , Schereider Ingridy Reinholz Grafites , Wiggers Giulia Alessandra , Miguel Marta , Vassallo Dalton Valentim , Simões Maylla Ronacher 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Copper is essential for homeostasis and regulation of body functions, but in excess, it is a cardiovascular risk factor since it increases oxidative stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of exposure to the recommended daily dose (13 µg/kg/day), upper tolerable dose (0.14 mg/kg/day) and twice the upper tolerable dose (0.28 mg/kg/day) via i.p. over 4 weeks on the vascular reactivity of aortic rings and the contraction of LV papillary muscles. It was also determined whether the antioxidant peptide from egg white hydrolysate (EWH) prevents these effects. Copper exposure at the doses evaluated did not change weight gain, the reactivity of the aortic rings or the cardiac mass. The dose of 0.13 µg/kg/day did not reduce the force of contraction, but it impaired the time derivatives of force. Doses of 0.14 and 0.28 mg/kg/day reduced the force of contraction, the inotropic response to calcium and isoproterenol, the postrest contraction and the peak and plateau of tetanized contractions. EWH treatment antagonized these effects. These results suggest that copper, even at the dose described as upper tolerable, can impair cardiac contraction without altering vascular reactivity. Antioxidative stress therapy with EWH reversed these harmful effects, suggesting a possible strategy for the amelioration of these effects.
Prediction of Customer’s Perception in Social Networks by Integrating Sentiment Analysis and Machine Learning
Authors: Ahmed Cherry , ElKorny Abeer , Sayed Eman El 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Understanding the customer behavior and perception are important issues for motivating customer satisfaction in marketing analysis. Customer conversation with customer support services through social networks channel provides a wealth of information for understanding customer perception. Therefore, in this paper, a hybrid framework that integrated sentiment analysis and machine learning techniques is developed to analyze interactive conversations among customers and service providers in order to identify the change of polarity of such conversation. This framework aims to detect the conversation polarity switch as well as predict the sentiment of the end of the customer conversation with the service provider. This would help companies to improve customer satisfaction and enhance the customer engagement. The effectiveness of the proposed framework is measured by extracting a real dataset that expresses more than 5000 conversational threads between a customer service agent of an online retail service provider (AmazonHelp) and different customers using the retailer’s twitter public account for the duration of one month. Different classical and ensemble machine learning classifiers were applied, and the results showed that the decision trees outperformed all other techniques.
Design and Fabrication of Sierpinski Square Fractal Microstrip Patch Antenna with Parasitic Elements for Wideband Applications
Authors: Kattimani Bharamappa , Patil Rajendra R 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

The narrow bandwidth of a microstrip antenna is one of its key drawbacks. This work shows how a dual-layer stacked and parasitic arrangement, together with the effect of fractal designs, can provide wide bandwidth and high gain qualities in a microstrip patch antenna. For wideband applications, the proposed antenna design in stacked construction has a total bandwidth of 750MHz for S11 -10dB. In order to reduce the antenna size, the Sierpinski square carpet fractal is used. This antenna exhibits a lower resonance frequency due to the space-filling property of fractal geometry. The resonance frequency of this patch antenna drops as iteration and iteration factors rise, according to experimental results. Wideband functioning is achieved with a size decrease of 70.1%. The proposed antenna design exhibits a 6.98dB gain. These qualities of wideband and higher gain make the proposed antenna an excellent one for wideband applications.
Large-scale assembly of highly stretchable and conductive polydopamine-generated poly (ethylene terephthalate)/ polyurethane fabric through the self-assembly intercalation strategy for superior sensing
Authors: Zhao Shuqiang , Zheng Peixiao , Cong Honglian , Wan Ailan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Smart wearable electronic devices with superb sensing performance have aroused superb attention in recent years. However, designing an admirable strain sensor with the excellent balance between superior sensitivity and excellent stretchability remains a major challenge. Herein, we developed a conductive polydopamine (PDA)-coated poly (ethylene terephthalate)/ polyurethane (PET/PU) fabric as the wearable strain sensor with the layered generating structure and the cooperative effect of carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNTs-COOH) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) via self-assembly intercalation process. Obviously, the cooperative conductive effect of conductive fillers endowed the fabric with a superb integration of tunable strain sensitivity (0-265.48), outstanding electromechanical performance, great stretchability (0-220 %), excellent heating performance, and long-term stability and repeatability under different strains over 2500 cycles. Especially, the as-prepared sensor was used for the detection of tiny body movements and vigorous human motions, indicating its further impressive prospect in wearable smart electronics. Therefore, such the proposed sensor with the layered generating structure exhibited remarkable potential for developing the flexible wearable electronic device of integrated sensing property and excellent electromechanical performance.
Lithium deportment by size of a calcined spodumene ore
Authors: Nazir Muhammad Kashif , Dyer Laurence , Tadesse Bogale , Albijanic Boris , Kashif Nadia 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Calcination, utilised to convert hard rock lithium minerals from α-spodumene to more reactive β-spodumene, has been shown to greatly impact the physical characteristics of some of the components in the ore. This work investigates the energy efficiency used for upgrading the lithium content in the finer fraction of the calcined spodumene ore. The results showed that while closed-circuit grinding resulted in 89% lithium recovery of the finest size fractions (-0.6 mm) relative to 65 % over the same milling time for the open-circuit grinding, this was associated with far lower energy consumption and higher mass retention. The grade of the finest size fraction in the case of the open-circuit grinding was 1.7 times more than that in the case of the closed-circuit grinding. This work shows the potential of using different grinding modes to maximize energy efficiency and lithium deportment by size.
Robust the corrosion-blocking behavior, mechanical and UV aging resistance properties of epoxy composite coating encapsulated with mixed metal complexes for steel surface applications
Authors: Fadl A. M. , Sadeek S. A. , Magdy Laila , Abdou M. I. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Enhancing the protective demeanor, mechanical toughness and UV immovability of epoxy coating using metal-organic complexes as network crosslinking accelerators is on top of interest by coating formulators. The present work investigates the incorporation of mixed ligand Zr(IV) and Cu(II) complexes of metformin (MF) and 2.2′bipyridine (Bipy) against the free ligands as cross-linking modifiers via epoxy coating surface to construct high build cured epoxy adduct. Based on the calculated energy values, Zr(IV) and Cu(II) demonstrated the least energy gap (∆E) values at 0.190 au compared to free MF and Bipy lignads. Furthermore, measured electronic transition configurations illustrated that Cu(II) had four electronic transitions (n-π*, π-π*, d-d and LMCT). Some modified epoxy coating formulations with the same loading level (%) of MF, Bipy, Zr(IV) and Cu(II) compounds were prepared and assessed. EIS measurements using high saline formation water as corrosive medium were performed and offered that PA-DGEBA/MC-Cu coated film showed the superior resistance values (Rct= 940 and Rp= 930 kΩ cm2) and attained the best protection efficiency (PE) at 97.07%. Salt spray corrosion experiment clarified that PA-DGEBA/MC-Cu coating fulfilled the least corrosion rate (CR) at 0.00049 mm/y and exhibited the highest PE of 99.84%. SEM/EDX combination survey affirmed the protective performance of the checked coatings. AFM microanalysis affirmed that surface treated Cu(II) coating displayed the smoothest coating surface with robust layer curing. Mechanical durability properties were evaluated and illustrated that pull-off adhesion for PA-DGEBA/MC-Cu coated film fulfilled the best adherent layer at 6.3 MPa. Furthermore, bend character was estimated to achieve the best elongation for modified Cu(II) coating at 77, and presented the highest resistance to rapid deformation (impact) at 59.7 J. UV immovability trial affirmed that PA-DGEBA/MC-Cu coated film presented the highest resistance to UV irradiance with blistering (#8 size and few frequency) with offering the least gloss variation and matt properties. The elevated resistance properties illustrated by surface modified Cu(II) complex coating could be attributed to Cu(II) magnetic property, enhanced electronegativity, lower energy gap and offering four electronic transitions in which boosted the interface interactions and cross-linking intensity, thereby consolidating the epoxy/steel interfacial adhesion and boosting film stiffness.