bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can Organic P Inputs Alleviate P Limitation Effects on Nutrient Uptake and Biological N2-Fixing Capacity of Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa)?
Authors: Said-Pullicino Daniel , Lizcano Toledo Rodolfo , Lerda Cristina , Martin Maria , Fornasier Flavio , Fernandez-Ondoño Emilia , Celi Luisella 
Published: October 2022

Abstract Phosphorus (P) is a limiting nutrient in many agroecosystems and, apart from affecting plant growth, can also limit biological N2 fixation (BNF) by leguminous plants. Thus, increasing P supply can have a positive effect on BNF particularly in P-deficient soils. Here, we provide new insights into the response of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa), widely adopted as a legume cover crop, to P limitations, by comparing the effects of inorganic (Pi) and organic (Po) P supply on plant growth and BNF capacity. This was achieved by means of a greenhouse experiment in which rhizobia-inoculated hairy vetch was grown in a P-limited agricultural soil and changes in plant growth, nitrogen (N) and P uptake, BNF capacity, and soil phosphatases activities were evaluated as a function of Pi and Po inputs, in the form of orthophosphate or phytic acid, respectively. When compared to P-deficient conditions where BNF was primarily limited by plant growth rather than directly due to the high P costs of symbiotic N fixation, Pi addition substantially enhanced plant growth (threefold), nodule formation (16-fold), P acquisition (sixfold), and BNF efficiency (sevenfold). In contrast, even with the addition of the highest dose of Po, the increase in plant growth, nodule formation, P acquisition, and BNF capacity (1.7, 3.5, 2.4 and 2.1-fold, respectively) was much less expressed, indicating that hairy vetch could only minimally access Po sources over the growth period in order to alleviate the P limitation effect on N2 fixation in under P-deficient conditions. These findings suggest that hairy vetch will not be able to provide sufficient BNF for improving soil N inputs in low-fertility cropping systems that rely on organic inputs.
Groundwater and agriculture potential mapping of Mewat District, Haryana, India
Authors: Pradeep Gokul , Krishan Gopal 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGroundwater is one of the most valuable natural resources on the planet, sustaining all human activity. It is necessary not just for human survival, but also for a region’s economic and social advancement. Also, agriculture and allied businesses provide a living for more than half of India’s population. Long-term advantages from sustainable agriculture will be necessary to achieve sustainable resource development and management. For successful agricultural and groundwater management, it is vital to assess the groundwater and agricultural potential of an area. This research work may contribute to optimizing the choice of location for future drilling and increase the chances to take water from productive structures which will satisfy the ever-increasing water demand of the local population, especially for agriculture. The current study is an attempt to assess the groundwater and agriculture potential zones in Haryana’s southern region of Mewat district. In order to achieve the objectives, thematic layers such as geology, geomorphology, lineament density, slope, drainage density, soil, and land use/land cover of the research region are prepared for the mapping of groundwater potential zones. For agriculture potential thematic layers such as Digital Elevation Model (DEM), Slope, Rainfall, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Land Surface Temperature (LST), and Soil Moisture Index (SMI) were prepared. To combine all thematic layers, an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) assessment approach is applied. Individual themes and their accompanying categories are awarded a knowledge base weightage ranging from 1 to 5 according to their suitability to hold groundwater and potential for agriculture. All thematic maps are combined into a composite groundwater potential and agriculture potential map of the research region using the weighted overlay function. The groundwater potential map and the agriculture potential map were further subdivided into four categories, ranging from very low to excellent potential zones. It has been found that 69% and 60% of the area has moderate to good groundwater and agriculture potential, respectively, and 20% and 22% of the area has excellent and agriculture potential, respectively. This groundwater and agriculture potential information will help identify acceptable places for water extraction and efficient farming practices.
Factors associated with poor quality of life of transgender people
Authors: Coswosck Kaio H. C. , Moreira Juliana A. , Navarro Joel H. N. , Guandalini Valdete R. , Marques-Rocha Jose L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The term transgender (TRANS) may be used for people whose gender identity differs from the one assigned at birth. A large part of this population segment faces social (lack of social support, discrimination, rejection, transphobia) and psychological (anxiety, depression) challenges. These factors, in turn, may negatively impact the quality of life (QoL) of these individuals. In this context, the aim of this study is to identify the factors associated with QoL of TRANS people.

Methods
Cross-sectional study with non-probability sample, conducted with TRANS and cisgender (CIS) adults living in a southeastern Brazilian state. The research questionnaire was accessed electronically and comprised sociodemographic, health, and QoL information. QoL was assessed through the Short-Form 6 dimensions (SF-6D) instrument. Multivariable linear regression analysis (forward method) was applied to determine the influence of independent variables on QoL (outcome variable). All variables that presented p < 0.10 in the bivariate analyses were included. The analyses were carried out in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS)® software, version 22.0, with a significance level of 5%.

Results
The sample included 65 TRANS individuals and 78 CIS individuals. The CIS group showed a predominance of people with higher education (p = 0.002) and higher income (p = 0.000) when compared with the TRANS sample. TRANS participants had worse QoL score (p = 0.014) and the same was observed when QoL was assessed by all dimensions (p ≤ 0.05). In addition, the place of residence and the report of recent prejudice remained associated with QoL even after adjusting for age, gender identity, occupation, and follow-up by a health professional (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
The TRANS population showed worse QoL when compared with the CIS population. Moreover, living in the state’s capital and having suffered episodes of prejudice were the factors remain statistically associated with the QoL among TRANS individuals.
Comorbidities in Clinical and Polysomnographic Features of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Single Tertiary Care Center Experience
Authors: Al-Jahdali Hamdan , Ahmed Anwar E. , Abdullah Al-Harbi , Ayaz Khan , Ahmed Almuttari , Majed ALGamedi , Sami Alyami , Amirah Almuhayshir , Bassam Dahman 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Research on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is inadequate in Saudi Arabia, particularly among patients with comorbidities. This study investigates comorbidities in patients with different severity of apnea based on the Apnea–Hypopnea Index (AHI).

Methods
The retrospective charts review that included a cohort of 4391 patients who underwent polysomnography (PSG) between 2003 and 2019. The AHI is classified into four ordinal groups: normal, mild, moderate, and severe. Ordinal logistic regression was used to model proportional odds of a higher AHI category.

Results
Gender was distributed equally in the study sample. The average age was 49.6 ± 14.8 years and the average AHI was 16.1 ± 22 per hour. Hypertension (43.2%) and diabetes mellitus (37.3%) were the most common comorbidities: Mild OSA 28.9%, Moderate OSA 15.6%, and severe 16.4%. The severity of apnea increased with age and BMI classes. The prevalence of hypertension increased with the severity of apnea: 42.9% in mild, 47.4% in moderate, and 54.6% in severe AHI. The prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD), congestive heart failure (CHF), and diabetes mellitus (DM) increased with the severity of apnea. Comorbidities was more among OSA patients with excessive sleepiness. After adjustment for age and gender, greater proportional odds of severe AHI were observed in males (aOR = 1.8), 30–59 years (aOR = 2.064), 60 years or above (aOR = 2.873), obese class II (aOR = 2.016), obese class III (aOR = 2.527), and in patients with hypertension (aOR = 1.272).

Conclusion
Hypertension and obesity were highly prevalent in the study cohort and were associated with greater proportional odds of severe AHI.
Experimental investigation of an external discharge very low anode power (< 20 W) hall thruster
Authors: Hamo Omri , Lev Dan R. , Rubanovich Maxim , Kapulkin Alexander , Lefkowitz Joseph 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA sub 20 W wall-less Hall Effect Thruster (HET) was developed at the Asher Space Research Institute (ASRI), Technion. In this work, an initial study of the thruster performance and underlying physics was conducted. It was found that the anode efficiency of the thruster was low (~ 1%), mainly due to the low mass utilization efficiency. Typical performance figures are 90 $$\mu N$$

μ
N

of thrust, specific impulse of 90 s and anode efficiency of ~ 1% at 3–4 W anode power. The thruster far-field plume was analyzed using a retarding potential analyzer. It was found that the beam divergence was relatively low at $$57.7^\circ$$

57
.

7
∘

(for 95% of the beam current) compared to other wall-less HETs. The voltage utilization efficiency was 38% for a discharge voltage of 1 kV and a mass flow rate of 1 sccm xenon. We speculate that the leading driver to the low mass utilization efficiency is the small ionization fraction associated with these very low power wall-less devices. It was found that the beam efficiency can be over 90% at discharge power levels < 3 W, and decreases with power down to less than 50%.
Data science for pedestrian and high street retailing as a framework for advancing urban informatics to individual scales
Authors: Torrens Paul M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
In this paper, we consider the applicability of the customer journey framework from retailing as a driver for urban informatics at individual scales within urban science. The customer journey considers shopper experiences in the context of shopping paths, retail service spaces, and touch-points that draw them into contact. Around this framework, retailers have developed sophisticated data science for observation, identification, and measurement of customers in the context of their shopping behavior. This knowledge supports broad data-driven understanding of customer experiences in physical spaces, economic spaces of decision and choice, persuasive spaces of advertising and branding, and inter-personal spaces of customer-staff interaction.

Method
We review the literature on pedestrian and high street retailing, and on urban informatics. We investigate whether the customer journey could be usefully repurposed for urban applications. Specifically, we explore the potential use of the customer journey framework for producing new insight into pedestrian behavior, where a sort of empirical hyperopia has long abounded because data are always in short supply.

Results
Our review addresses how the customer journey might be used as a structure for examining how urban walkers come into contact with the built environment, how people actively and passively sense and perceive ambient city life as they move, how pedestrians make sense of urban context, and how they use this knowledge to build cognition of city streetscapes. Each of these topics has relevance to walking studies specifically, but also to urban science more generally. We consider how retailing might reciprocally benefit from urban science perspectives, especially in extending the reach of retailers' insight beyond store walls, into the retail high streets from which they draw custom.

Conclusion
We conclude that a broad set of theoretical frameworks, data collection schemes, and analytical methodologies that have advanced retail data science closer and closer to individual-level acumen might be usefully applied to accomplish the same in urban informatics. However, we caution that differences between retailers’ and urban scientists’ viewpoints on privacy presents potential controversy.
Applications and classifications of unmanned aerial vehicles: A literature review with focus on multi-rotors
Authors: Sabour M.H. , Jafary P. , Nematiyan S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDuring the past two decades, with the advancement of avionics, control systems, design, product methods, and communication systems, UAVs have gained more interest from both civil and military customers. Hence, more researchers have dedicated their time to developing new applications for drones and improving their performance. In this study, a literature review on drone applications is conducted. It is explained that they can be more effective and beneficial when merged with preexisting systems, and thus making a system of systems. Further, we have classified UAV applications more comprehensively. This classification can be very useful for providing insights when designing new UAVs. Finally, previous works are discussed thoroughly and diagrams are developed to show the research focus in this field. These statistical diagrams can also be used as a gap analysis tool.
The Federal Constitution of Malaysia: A Kelsenian Perspective
Authors: Chng Stephanie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article examines the Federal Constitution of Malaysia through the lens of Hans Kelsen's Pure Theory of Law. It first demonstrates the utility of the Grundnorm in explaining the supremacy of the Federal Constitution within the Malaysian legal system. In particular, this article establishes that despite Malaysia's colonial past, the Federal Constitution is the Kelsenian ‘historically first constitution’ of the present Malaysian legal system because of the Kelsenian ‘revolution’ that had occurred when the Federation of Malaya attained independence from the British in 1957, as well as the absence of a Kelsenian ‘revolution’ during the formation of Malaysia in 1963. The Grundnorm of the Malaysian legal system can thus be expressed as ‘one ought to obey the prescriptions of the Federal Constitution’. However, this article also argues, using the example of the basic structure doctrine controversy in Malaysia, that while the Pure Theory succeeds in elucidating a measure of legal validity for legal norms, it fails to provide any helpful insight when a constitutional dispute relates to the content of a norm rather than the interaction between hierarchically distinct norms.
Relationship building in pediatric research recruitment: Insights from qualitative interviews with research staff
Authors: Kraft Stephanie A. , Porter Kathryn M. , Sullivan Tara R. , Anderson Emily E. , Garrison Nanibaa’ A. , Baker Laura , Smith Jodi M. , Weiss Elliott M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Clinical research staff play a critical role in recruiting families for pediatric research, but their views are not well described. We aimed to describe how pediatric research staff build trusting research relationships with patients and their families.

Methods:
We interviewed research staff at one pediatric research institution and its affiliated academic medical center between November 2020 and February 2021. Staff were eligible if they conducted participant recruitment, consent, and/or enrollment for clinical research. We developed our semi-structured interview guide based on a framework for trusting researcher-community partnerships.

Results:
We interviewed 28 research staff, with a median age of 28 years (range 22–50) and a median of 5 years of experience (range 1–29). Interviewees identified factors relevant to relationship building across three levels: the individual staff member, the relational interaction with the family, and the institutional or other structural backdrop. Individual factors included how staff developed recruitment skills, their perceived roles, and their personal motivations. Relational factors spanned four stages of recruitment: before the approach, forming an initial connection with a family, building the connection, and following up. Structural factors were related to access and diversity, clinical interactions, and the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusions:
Research staff discussed tensions and supports with various actors, challenges with the integration of research and clinical care, the importance of voluntariness for building trust, and multiple contributors to inequities in research. These findings reveal the importance of ensuring research staff have a voice in institutional policies and are supported to advocate for patients and families.
Temporal and spatial auxin responsive networks in maize primary roots
Authors: McReynolds Maxwell R. , Dash Linkan , Montes Christian , Draves Melissa A. , Lang Michelle G. , Walley Justin W. , Kelley Dior R. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Auxin is a key regulator of root morphogenesis across angiosperms. To better understand auxin-regulated networks underlying maize root development, we have characterized auxin-responsive transcription across two time points (30 and 120 min) and four regions of the primary root: the meristematic zone, elongation zone, cortex and stele. Hundreds of auxin-regulated genes involved in diverse biological processes were quantified in these different root regions. In general, most auxin-regulated genes are region unique and are predominantly observed in differentiated tissues compared with the root meristem. Auxin gene regulatory networks were reconstructed with these data to identify key transcription factors that may underlie auxin responses in maize roots. Additionally, Auxin-Response Factor subnetworks were generated to identify target genes that exhibit tissue or temporal specificity in response to auxin. These networks describe novel molecular connections underlying maize root development and provide a foundation for functional genomic studies in a key crop.
Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis of post-operative paediatric cholesteatoma
Authors: McCallum R , Coleman H , Pervaiz H , Irwin G , McAllister K 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesHigh rates of recidivism are reported after paediatric cholesteatoma surgery. Our practice has adapted to include non-echoplanar diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of residual or recurrent cholesteatoma. This audit aimed to evaluate the performance of non-echoplanar diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in our paediatric population.MethodsA retrospective review was conducted of non-echoplanar diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans performed to detect residual disease or recurrence after surgery for cholesteatoma in children from 1 January 2012 to 30 November 2017 in our centre. Follow-up diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans were reviewed to 16 August 2019.ResultsThirty-four diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans were included. The sensitivity and specificity values of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for detecting post-operative cholesteatoma were 81 per cent and 72 per cent, respectively. Positive predictive and negative predictive values were 72 per cent and 81 per cent, respectively.ConclusionUse of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging is recommended as a replacement for routine second-look surgical procedures in the paediatric population. However, we would caution that patients require close follow up after negative diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging findings.
Social motivation in infancy is associated with familial recurrence of ASD
Authors: Marrus Natasha , Botteron Kelly N. , Hawks Zoë , Pruett John R. , Elison Jed T. , Jackson Joshua J. , Markson Lori , Eggebrecht Adam T. , Burrows Catherine A. , Zwaigenbaum Lonnie , Dager Stephen R. , Estes Annette M. , Hazlett Heather Cody , Schultz Robert T. , Piven Joseph , Constantino John N. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPre-diagnostic deficits in social motivation are hypothesized to contribute to autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a heritable neurodevelopmental condition. We evaluated psychometric properties of a social motivation index (SMI) using parent-report item-level data from 597 participants in a prospective cohort of infant siblings at high and low familial risk for ASD. We tested whether lower SMI scores at 6, 12, and 24 months were associated with a 24-month ASD diagnosis and whether social motivation’s course differed relative to familial ASD liability. The SMI displayed good internal consistency and temporal stability. Children diagnosed with ASD displayed lower mean SMI T-scores at all ages and a decrease in mean T-scores across age. Lower group-level 6-month scores corresponded with higher familial ASD liability. Among high-risk infants, strong decline in SMI T-scores was associated with 10-fold odds of diagnosis. Infant social motivation is quantifiable by parental report, differentiates children with versus without later ASD by age 6 months, and tracks with familial ASD liability, consistent with a diagnostic and susceptibility marker of ASD. Early decrements and decline in social motivation indicate increased likelihood of ASD, highlighting social motivation’s importance to risk assessment and clarification of the ontogeny of ASD.
Signed by Valerius: an Early Imperial wall painting from the fort of Deir el-Atrash in the Egyptian Eastern Desert
Authors: Marchand Julie , Le Bomin Joachim , Bülow-Jacobsen Adam 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDuring the 2020 excavation campaign of the French Archaeological Mission to the Egyptian Eastern Desert (MAFDO), the team in charge of the excavation of the Roman fort of Deir el-Atrash uncovered a polychrome painting on one of the original entrance tower gates from the late 1st–early 2nd c. CE. The iconographic program includes, in the top register, a horsemangeniusand a caravan of dromedaries with its driver. In the lower register, a pattern of vine stalks and leaves occupies the space. This discovery is exceptional, as very few Roman paintings have been preserved in a military context. In addition to depicting a scene of everyday desert life, the supply of the fort, the scene also illustrates the power of the Empire and its presence at its borders.