bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID‐19 susceptibility and clinical outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease: An updated systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lee Min Ho , Li Han Jacob , Wasuwanich Paul , Kim Sung Eun , Kim Jong Yeob , Jeong Gwang Hun , Park Seoyeon , Yang Jae Won , Kim Min Seo , Yon Dong Keon , Lee Seung Won , Koyanagi Ai , Jacob Louis , Kim Eun‐Young , Cheon Jae Hee , Shin Jae Il , Smith Lee 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe susceptibility, risk factors, and prognosis of COVID‐19 in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remain unknown. Thus, our study aims to assess the prevalence and clinical outcomes of COVID‐19 in IBD. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and medRxiv from 2019 to 1 June 2022 for cohort and case‐control studies comparing the prevalence and clinical outcomes of COVID‐19 in patients with IBD and in the general population. We also compared the outcomes of patients receiving and not receiving 5‐aminosalicylates (ASA), tumour necrosis factor antagonists, biologics, systemic corticosteroids, or immunomodulators for IBD. Thirty five studies were eligible for our analysis. Pooled odds ratio of COVID‐19‐related hospitalisation, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, or death in IBD compared to in non‐IBD were 0.58 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.28–1.18), 1.09 (95% CI = 0.27–4.47), and 0.67 (95% CI = 0.32–1.42), respectively. Inflammatory bowel disease was not associated with increased hospitalisation, ICU admission, or death. Susceptibility to COVID‐19 did not increase with any drugs for IBD. Hospitalisation, ICU admission, and death were more likely with 5‐ASA and corticosteroid use. COVID‐19‐related hospitalisation (Odds Ratio (OR): 0.53; 95% CI = 0.38–0.74) and death (OR: 0.13; 95% CI = 0.13–0.70) were less likely with Crohn's disease than ulcerative colitis (UC). In conclusion, IBD does not increase the mortality and morbidity of COVID‐19. However, physicians should be aware that additional monitoring is needed in UC patients or in patients taking 5‐ASA or systemic corticosteroids.
Design of XS2 (X = W or Mo)‐Decorated VS2 Hybrid Nano‐Architectures with Abundant Active Edge Sites for High‐Rate Asymmetric Supercapacitors and Hydrogen Evolution Reactions
Authors: Hussain Sajjad , Vikraman Dhanasekaran , Sarfraz Maria , Faizan Muhammad , Patil Supriya A. , Batoo Khalid Mujasam , Nam Kyung‐Wan , Kim Hyun‐Seok , Jung Jongwan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTwo‐dimensional layered transition metal dichalcogenides have emerged as promising materials for supercapacitors and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) applications. Herein, the molybdenum sulfide (MoS2)@vanadium sulfide (VS2) and tungsten sulfide (WS2)@VS2 hybrid nano‐architectures prepared via a facile one‐step hydrothermal approach is reported. Hierarchical hybrids lead to rich exposed active edge sites, tuned porous nanopetals‐decorated morphologies, and high intrinsic activity owing to the strong interfacial interaction between the two materials. Fabricated supercapacitors using MoS2@VS2 and WS2@VS2 electrodes exhibit high specific capacitances of 513 and 615 F g−1, respectively, at an applied current of 2.5 A g−1 by the three‐electrode configuration. The asymmetric device fabricated using WS2@VS2 electrode exhibits a high specific capacitance of 222 F g−1 at an applied current of 2.5 A g−1 with the specific energy of 52 Wh kg−1 at a specific power of 1 kW kg−1. For HER, the WS2@VS2 catalyst shows noble characteristics with an overpotential of 56 mV to yield 10 mA cm−2, a Tafel slope of 39 mV dec−1, and an exchange current density of 1.73 mA cm−2. In addition, density functional theory calculations are used to evaluate the durable heterostructure formation and adsorption of hydrogen atom on the various accessible sites of MoS2@VS2 and WS2@VS2 heterostructures.
Degree of osteophyte formation seen on radiographs provides useful prognostic information for dogs with cruciate ligament disease
Authors: Engdahl Karolina , Boge Gudrun Seeberg , Ingman Jessica , Näslund Veronica , Ley Charles J 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundConcurrent osteoarthritis is generally present in the stifle joints of dogs with cranial cruciate ligament disease (CCLD), but it is not known if the degree of osteoarthritis‐related changes affects the prognosis. Development of osteophytes is a key radiographic feature of osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the degree of osteophyte formation seen on radiographs and CCLD‐related euthanasia in dogs with CCLD.MethodsA retrospective cohort study including 226 dogs treated for CCLD at two university animal hospitals was performed. Clinical and follow‐up information was retrieved, and stifle radiographs taken during the 31 days before treatment for the CCLD were graded for osteophyte formation by three veterinary radiologists. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was applied to assess the association between the degree of osteophyte formation and CCLD‐related euthanasia.ResultsAn association between the degree of osteophyte formation and CCLD‐related euthanasia was found, with increased osteophyte formation associated with an increased hazard of CCLD‐related euthanasia (hazard ratio 1.06, 95% confidence interval 1.01–1.11,p= 0.01).LimitationsNo clinical assessment of the outcome was performed.ConclusionThe findings suggest that evaluation of stifle radiographs for osteophyte formation could provide useful prognostic information for dogs with CCLD.
New geographical records for tick‐borne pathogens in ticks collected from cattle in Benin and Togo
Authors: Yessinou Roland Eric , Cazan Cristina Daniela , Panait Luciana Cătălina , Mollong Eyabana , Biguezoton Abel S. , Bonnet Sarah Irène , Farougou Souaïbou , Groschup Martin H. , Mihalca Andrei Daniel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundTicks are obligate hematophagous arthropods capable of transmitting a great variety of endemic and emerging pathogens causing diseases in animals and humans.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the presence ofBartonellaspp.,Rickettsiaspp., Borrelia burgdorferisensu lato (s.l.) andAnaplasma phagocytophilumin ticks collected from cattle in Benin and Togo.MethodsOverall, 396 (148 males, 205 females and 43 nymphs) ticks were collected from cattle in 17 districts (Benin and Togo) between 2019 and 2020. Ticks were pooled into groups of 2–6 ticks per pool according to individual host, location, species and developmental stage. The DNA of each pool was extracted for molecular screening.ResultsPCR results revealed that 20 tick pools were positive forBartonellaspp. (Benin and Togo) and 23 tick pools positive forRickettsiaspp. (Benin), while all pools were negative forA. phagocytophilumandB. burgdorferis.l. Sequence analysis of positiveRickettsiasamples revealed the presence ofRickettsia aeschlimannii.ConclusionsThe present study highlights the presence of zoonotic agents in ticks collected from cattle in Benin and Togo. This information will raise awareness of tick‐borne diseases among physicians and veterinarians, stimulate further studies to monitor these pathogens, and advise on necessary measures to control the spread of these zoonoses.
The Global Reach of the Right to Data Protection
Authors: Naef Tobias 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe internet as a technology not only revolutionized communication, it also enabled new forms of trade. Digital trade often involves personal data. Information about individuals now travels around the world on an unprecedented and rapidly growing scale. The key to understanding the implications of data protection in the EU for trade with the wider world is the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (Charter, CFR). The Charter has the status of primary Union law and data protection is enshrined as a fundamental right in Article 8 CFR. The first section of this chapter traces the development of the right to data protection from the early data protection laws in Europe to the inclusion of Article 8 into the Charter. It identifies the driving forces behind this development and offers insights into the origins of this new fundamental right (Sect. 2.1). The second section addresses the substance of the right to data protection. It explains the underlying values for the interpretation of the new fundamental right and analyzes the six written constituent parts of Article 8 CFR. It shows that the right to data protection must be distinguished from the right to private life in Article 7 CFR. The second section also explains what counts as an interference with the right to data protection and addresses lawful limitations on the exercise of this new fundamental right (Sect. 2.2). The third section focuses on the extraterritorial dimension of the right to data protection. The jurisprudence of the ECJ reveals an unwritten constituent part of the new fundamental right: the right to continuous protection of personal data. Personal data cannot be exported to third states that do not provide a level of protection for the transferred personal data that is essentially equivalent to that guaranteed within the EU (Sect. 2.3). Certain practices in third states are of particular relevance for the extraterritorial dimension of Article 8 CFR. Foreign internet surveillance often targets personal data that is transferred from the EU to a third country. The fourth section analyzes the requirements for foreign internet surveillance practices emanating from the right to data protection in Article 8 CFR (Sect. 2.4).
The Restrictive Effect of the Legal Mechanisms for Data Transfers in the European Union
Authors: Naef Tobias 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe right to data protection in Article 8 CFR has an extraterritorial dimension, which requires continuous protection for personal data that is essentially equivalent to the protection guaranteed within the EU. This right to continuous protection of personal data is an unwritten constituent part of the right to data protection in Article 8 CFR. Primary Union law in Article 16(2) TFEU instructs the European Parliament and the Council to establish rules relating to the protection of individuals regarding the processing of their personal data. This mandate also extends to the extraterritorial dimension of the right to data protection. Accordingly, Chapter V GDPR sets out the system for the transfer of personal data from the EU to third countries. The first section of this chapter defines the legal concept of “data transfers” and introduces the three legal mechanisms for the transfer of personal data in Chapter V GDPR (Sect. 3.1). The following sections address the three legal mechanism and their role in guaranteeing the right to continuous protection for personal data. Each section entails a fundamental rights analysis for the transfer of personal data on the basis of a legal mechanism in Chapter V GDPR. The second section is dedicated to data transfers based on adequacy decisions for third countries following Article 45 GDPR (Sect. 3.2). The third section is dedicated to data transfers based on the instruments providing appropriate safeguards in Article 46 GDPR such as standard data protection clauses and binding corporate rules (BCRs) (Sect. 3.3). Finally, the fourth section is dedicated to data transfers subject to contract-based and consent-based derogations in Article 49 GDPR (Sect. 3.4).
Concluding Remarks: Data Protection Without Data Protectionism
Authors: Naef Tobias 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMany states recognize, at least on paper, that data protection and privacy are important values. Nevertheless, they diverge quite jarringly on what the correct level or design of such protection should be. In particular, there is deep disagreement about when data protection crosses the line and becomes data protectionism. In this book, I have shown—using the example of EU law—where the line between data protection and data protectionism in international trade law currently is, and how it can, or should be redrawn.
Diachrone Entwicklung der Bedeutung von Raum in literarischen Texten
Authors: Schumacher Mareike K. 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungWenn alle Annotationen von Indikatoren für literarische Raumdarstellung nach der in Kapitel 7 vorgestellten Formel zusammengerechnet werden, so kann für jeden Text im Teilkorpus ein Raumindexwert festgelegt werden, der dabei hilft, die Raumdarstellung der Texte quantitativ zueinander in Bezug zu setzen. In diesem Abschnitt werden diese Raumindexwerte im gesamten Teilkorpus vergleichend analysiert, und somit die quantitative Bedeutung von Raumdarstellungen in der Literatur des 18.–21. Jahrhunderts betrachtet. Auch für alternative Raumbegriffe (enger Raumbegriff, relationaler Raumbegriff) und Raumthemen werden Indexwerte berechnet anhand derer das Teilkorpus quantitativ untersucht wird.
Comprehensive analysis of charged lepton flavour violation in the symmetry protected type-I seesaw
Authors: Crivellin Andreas , Kirk Fiona , Manzari Claudio Andrea 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The type-I seesaw model is probably the most straightforward and best studied extension of the Standard Model that can account for the tiny active neutrino masses determined from neutrino oscillation data. In this article, we calculate the complete set of one-loop corrections to charged lepton flavour violating processes within this model. We give the results both using exact diagonalisation of the neutrino mass matrix, and at leading order in the seesaw expansion (i.e. $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(v2/$$ {M}_R^2 $$

M
R
2

)). Furthermore, we perform the matching onto the SU(2)L invariant Standard Model Effective Field Theory at the dimension 6 level. These results can be used as initial conditions for the renormalisation group evolution from the right-handed neutrino scale down to the scale of the physical processes, which resums large logarithms. In our numerical analysis, we study the inverse seesaw limit, i.e. the symmetry protected type-I seesaw, where the Wilson coefficient of the Weinberg operator is zero such that sizeable neutrino Yukawas are permissible and relevant effects in charged lepton flavour violating observables are possible. We correlate the different charged lepton flavour violating processes, e.g. ℓ → ℓ′γ, ℓ → 3ℓ′, μ → e conversion and Z → ℓℓ′, taking into account the constraints from electroweak precision observables and tests of lepton flavour universality.
Classifying divisor topologies for string phenomenology
Authors: Shukla Pramod 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this article we present a pheno-inspired classification for the divisor topologies of the favorable Calabi Yau (CY) threefolds with 1 ≤ h1,1(CY) ≤ 5 arising from the four-dimensional reflexive polytopes of the Kreuzer-Skarke database. Based on some empirical observations we conjecture that the topologies of the so-called coordinate divisors can be classified into two categories: (i). χh (D) ≥ 1 with Hodge numbers given by {h0,0 = 1, h1,0 = 0, h2,0 = χh (D) − 1, h1,1 = χ(D) − 2χh (D)} and (ii). χh (D) ≤ 1 with Hodge numbers given by {h0,0 = 1, h1,0 = 1 −χh (D), h2,0 = 0, h1,1 = χ(D) + 2 − 4χh (D)}, where χh (D) denotes the Arithmetic genus while χ(D) denotes the Euler characteristic of the divisor D. We present the Hodge numbers of around 140000 coordinate divisors corresponding to all the CY threefolds with 1 ≤ h1,1(CY) ≤ 5 which corresponds to a total of nearly 16000 distinct CY geometries. Subsequently we argue that our conjecture can help in “bypassing” the need of cohomCalg for computing Hodge numbers of coordinate divisors, and hence can be significantly useful for studying the divisor topologies of CY threefolds with higher h1,1 for which cohomCalg gets too slow and sometimes even breaks as well. We also demonstrate how these scanning results can be directly used for phenomenological model building, e.g. in estimating the D3-brane tadpole charge (under reflection involutions) which is a central ingredient for constructing explicit global models due to several different reasons/interests such as the de-Sitter uplifting through anti-D3 brane and (flat) flux vacua searches.
Hospital and laboratory outcomes of patients with COVID-19 who received vitamin D supplementation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Zaazouee Mohamed Sayed , Eleisawy Mahmoud , Abdalalaziz Amira M. , Elhady Mahmoud M. , Ali Omar Adel , Abdelbari Taghreed Mohamed , Hasan Sara Mohamed , Almadhoon Hossam Waleed , Ahmed Alaa Yehia , Fassad Alaa Shaban , Elgendy Rewan , Abdel-Baset Eman Adnan , Elsayed Hamis A. , Elsnhory Ahmed Bostamy , Abdraboh Alaa Bahaaeldin , Faragalla Hazem Metwally , Elshanbary Alaa Ahmed , Kensara Osama A. , Abdel-Daim Mohamed M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a wide-ranging spectrum of clinical symptoms, from asymptomatic/mild to severe. Recent research indicates that, among several factors, a low vitamin D level is a modifiable risk factor for COVID-19 patients. This study aims to evaluate the effect of vitamin D on hospital and laboratory outcomes of patients with COVID-19.Five databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) and clinicaltrials.gov were searched until July 2022, using relevant keywords/Mesh terms. Only randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that addressed the topic were included. The Cochrane tool was used to assess the studies’ risk of bias, and the data were analyzed using the review manager (RevMan 5.4).We included nine RCTs with 1586 confirmed COVID-19 patients. Vitamin D group showed a significant reduction of intensive care unit (ICU) admission (risk ratio = 0.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.41, 0.84], P = 0.003), and higher change in vitamin D level (standardized mean difference = 2.27, 95% CI [2.08, 2.47], P < 0.00001) compared to the control group. Other studied hospital and laboratory outcomes showed non-significant difference between vitamin D and the control group (P ≥ 0.05).In conclusion, vitamin D reduced the risk of ICU admission and showed superiority in changing vitamin D level compared to the control group. However, other outcomes showed no difference between the two groups. More RCTs are needed to confirm these results.
Alternate Cervical Venous Access Sites for Implantable Port Catheters: Experience at a Single Quaternary Care Institution
Authors: Liou Frank K. , Kim Patrick Y. , Yap S. Paran , Khan Abdullah , Taylor Sandra , Pillai Rex , King Eric , Shah Amol , Andrews R. Torrance , Vu Catherine T. , Goldman Roger E. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Clinical outcomes of implantable port catheters (IPCs) placed via alternative veins such as the external jugular and cervical collaterals have not been well established. This investigation evaluates the short- and long-term outcomes of IPCs inserted via alternate cervical veins (ACV) compared to traditionally inserted IPCs via the internal jugular vein (IJV).

Materials and Methods
A total of 24 patients who received an IPC between 2010 and 2020 via an ACV—defined as the external jugular vein, superficial cervical vein, or unnamed collateral veins—were identified. Based on power analysis, a matched control group of 72 patients who received IPCs via the IJV was identified. Non-inferiority analysis for port complications was performed between the two groups based on the selected non-inferiority margin of 20%. Secondary end points included complication-free survival and comparison of complications by the time at which they occurred.

Results
ACV access was non-inferior to traditional access for overall complications. Alternate access resulted in fewer complications than traditional access with an estimated reduction of − 7.0% [95% CI − 23.6%, 39.7%]. There was no significant difference in peri-procedural and post-procedural complications between the two groups. Complication-free survival was also equivalent between the two groups.

Conclusion
IPC placement via ACVs was non-inferior to IPCs placed via traditional access through the IJV. When abnormal pathology obviates the use of IJV access, other cervical veins may be considered prior to seeking alternate locations such as femoral, translumbar, inferior vena cava, and hepatic veins.
Global warming modifies the seasonal distribution of clutches on a Mediterranean great tit population
Authors: Solís Iris , Álvarez Elena , Barba Emilio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGlobal warming has multiple effects on phenological events on a wide range of plants and animals. Specifically, many bird species have advanced the start of their breeding season, which could also imply an extension in its duration and also a change in the distribution of clutches throughout the breeding season. We have tested whether this occurred in a population of Great Tits (Parus major), in Sagunto (eastern Spain). The increase of March temperatures between 1986 and 2019 was related to an advancement of the breeding season. Although the breeding season was longer in years with higher June temperatures, the length did not show a temporal trend throughout the study period. The clutches were more concentrated at the beginning of the season (increase in the skewness), while the kurtosis (“tailedness” of the distribution) or the modality did not change significantly. Finally, the number of “equally good months” for breeding (a combined measure of length and distribution) has not changed throughout the years. Overall, all these phenological changes probably caused the observed increased proportion of pairs laying two clutches per year. It remains to be studied whether this increase in reproductive effort has positive or negative impact on fitness.
A New In Situ Test for the Assessment of the Rock-Burst Alarm Threshold During Tunnelling
Authors: Voza A. , Valguarnera L. , Marrazzo R. , Ascari G. , Boldini D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRock-burst is one of the most serious risks associated with hard rock tunnelling and mining at high depths. Monitoring of acoustic emissions emitted by the rock-mass during excavation and their interpretation now permits the early assessment of failure events and makes the safe management of the construction works possible. A reliable set-up of the alarm threshold is thus fundamental for the correct implementation of the procedures planned to minimise rock-burst related risk. This paper focuses on a novel in situ test specifically developed to provide an experimental basis for a more accurate assessment of the alarm threshold during tunnelling, representative of the local geomechanical conditions. The test, thanks to the compression induced by two flat jacks at the tunnel side wall, produces an artificial failure process during which acoustic emissions are measured and correlated to the mechanical response of the rock-mass, without the typical limitations of scale that characterised the laboratory experiments. The new methodology, named the Mules method, was successfully tested during the excavation of some stretches of the Brenner Base Tunnel in the Brixner granite, affected by mild spalling episodes. The case-history is fully described in the paper to illustrate the practical application of the proposed approach.