bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discrimination between earthquakes and quarry blasts in the Aswan region, southern Egypt using P-wave source spectra
Authors: Saadalla Hamada , Mossa Hesham , Hayashida Takumi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We analyzed 3,069 seismic signals from 413 events (112 explosions and 301 shallow earthquakes, depths < 5 km) recorded by the Aswan seismic sub-network in southern Egypt from 2010 to 2021 to discriminate between shallow earthquakes and quarrying activity. We investigated the spectral properties and related source parameters (e.g., seismic moment and corner frequency) using the estimated P-wave source spectra for both earthquakes and quarry blasts. The analysis showed that the P-wave source spectra of shallow earthquakes have higher corner frequencies (8.8–23 Hz) than quarry blasts (1.0–2.6 Hz) within the same magnitude range. The source spectra of quarry blasts exhibited significant misfits with the omega-square model and had steeper falloffs at high frequencies. The selected quarry blasts have a narrow seismic moment range, from 2.03⋅1011 to 1.35⋅1012 Nm. Our results demonstrate that the evaluation of misfit of P-wave spectra from the omega-square source model based on spectral amplitude characteristics of high and low frequency bands is the most reliable discriminant method in the routine data analysis of the target area.
Effect of Tear Derived Exosomes on Corneal Epithelial Cells During Diabetic Keraropathy
Authors: Li X , Wang S , Liu Y , Wang J , Zhu R , Jin X , Zhang H 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: As reliable intercellular transporters, exosomes for the diagnosis and function of various disease are fully explored. Also, exosomes extracted from tear film have been used as indictors for various eye disease, even systemic disease due to the easy and non-invasive collection nature with microRNAs variation. However, there still no reports focus the change and function of on exosomes and exosomal microRNAs during diabetes ocular dysfunction.Methods: Paired diabetes and health tear film-derived exosomes were collected by test strips and identified according standard regimens. Different expression microRNAs were profiled by microarray. The function of exosomes to cornea epithelium was detected by cornea wound model in vivo and cell viability and migration assay in vitro. Bioinformatics analysis, including GO and KEGG were conducted to explore the potential biological signaling pathway.Results: We confirmed diabetic tear film derived exosomes contribute to delay cornea wound healing and aggravate diabetic dry eye-like syndrome. Total 12 differential expression microRNAs were confirmed compared with paired controls, may participate in glycosphingolipid biosynthesis; mucin type O-Glycan biosynthesis; Ras signaling pathway; AMPK signaling pathway; bacterial invasion of epithelial cells; ErbB signaling pathway; cGMP-PKG signaling pathwayConclusion: This study provides evidence that diabetic tear film derived exosomes can affect the ocular surface health during diabetes, while healthy exosomes have no similar effects. Thus, the different expression of microRNAs existed in the exosomes from diabetes and healthy volunteer may be the reason of different function.
SARS-CoV 2 accessory protein 7b forms homotetramers in detergent
Authors: Torres Jaume , Surya Wahyu , Queralt-Martin Maria , Mu Yuguang , Aguilella Vicente M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A global pandemic is underway caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The SARS-CoV-2 genome, like its predecessor SARS-CoV, contains open reading frames that encode accessory proteins involved in virus-host interactions active during infection and which likely contribute to pathogenesis. One of these accessory proteins is 7b (p7b), with only 44 and 43 residues in SARS-CoV and SAR-CoV-2, respectively. It has one predicted transmembrane domain fully conserved, which suggests a functional role, whereas most variability is contained in the predicted cytoplasmic C-terminus. In SARS-CoV, 7b protein is expressed in infected cells where the transmembrane domain was necessary and sufficient for Golgi localization. Also, anti-p7b antibodies have been found in the sera of SARS-CoV convalescent patients. In the present study, we have investigated the hypothesis that SARS-2 7b protein forms oligomers with ion channel activity. We show that 7b protein is almost completely α-helical in both SARS viruses and has a single transmembrane domain. In SDS, p7b forms various oligomers, from monomers to tetramers, but only monomers when exposed to reductants DTT or TCEP. Combination of SDS gel electrophoresis and and analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) in both equilibrium and velocity modes suggests a dimer-tetramer equilibrium, and an equilibrium between monomeric, dimeric and tetrameric forms in the presence of reductant. Inclusion of pentamers or higher oligomers in the SARS-2 7b model worsened the fits. Although sensitivity to reductants suggests the involvement of disulfide-linked dimers, the presence of disulfide bonds was not essential to form tetramers. A preliminary model of this association was generated with Alpha-Fold, which was exposed to a molecular dynamics simulation in presence of a model lipid membrane. However, neither of the two models provide any evident pathway for ions. To confirm this, SARS-2 p7b was studied using Planar Bilayer Electrophysiology. Addition of p7b produced occasional membrane permeabilization that is not consistent with bona fide ion channels made of a tetrameric assembly of α-helices.
Depolarization time and extracellular glutamate levels aggravate ultra-early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Murai Satoshi , Hishikawa Tomohito , Takeda Yoshimasa , Okura Yasuko , Fushimi Miki , Kawase Hirokazu , Takahashi Yu , Kidani Naoya , Haruma Jun , Hiramatsu Masafumi , Sugiu Kenji , Morimatsu Hiroshi , Date Isao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Early brain injury after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) worsens the neurological outcome. We hypothesize that a longer duration of depolarization and excessive release of glutamate aggravate neurological outcomes after SAH, and that brain hypothermia can accelerate repolarization and inhibit the excessive release of extracellular glutamate and subsequent neuronal damage. So, we investigated the influence of depolarization time and extracellular glutamate levels on the neurological outcome in the ultra-early phase of SAH using a rat injection model as Experiment 1 and then evaluated the efficacy of brain hypothermia targeting ultra-early brain injury as Experiment 2. Dynamic changes in membrane potentials, intracranial pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure, cerebral blood flow, and extracellular glutamate levels were observed within 30 min after SAH. A prolonged duration of depolarization correlated with peak extracellular glutamate levels, and these two factors worsened the neuronal injury. Under brain hypothermia using pharyngeal cooling after SAH, cerebral perfusion pressure in the hypothermia group recovered earlier than that in the normothermia group. Extracellular glutamate levels in the hypothermia group were significantly lower than those in the normothermia group. The early induction of brain hypothermia could facilitate faster recovery of cerebral perfusion pressure, repolarization, and the inhibition of excessive glutamate release, which would prevent ultra-early brain injury following SAH.
Diagnostic Concordance Between Multiplex PCR FilmArray® Pneumonia Panel and Culture in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia Admitted to Intensive Care Units: The Experience of the Third Wave in Eight Hospitals in Colombia.
Authors: Molina Francisco José , Botero Luz Elena , Isaza Juan Pablo , Cano Luz Elena , López Lucelly , Tamayo Leidy , Torres Antoni 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundDetection of co-infections is important to initiate appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Molecular diagnostic testing identifies pathogens at a greater rate than conventional microbiology. We assessed both bacterial co-infections identified in culture or multiplex PCR FilmArray® Pneumonia Panel (FA-PNEU) in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in ICU and the concordance between these techniques.MethodsProspective study of patients with SARS-CoV-2 who were hospitalized for no more than 48 hours, in mechanical ventilation no longer than 24 hours in 8 ICUs in Medellín, Colombia. We studied mini-bronchoalveolar lavage or endotracheal aspirate samples processed in conventional culture and FA-PNEU. Co-infection was defined as the identification of a respiratory pathogen using FA-PNEU or cultures.ResultsOf 110 patients who underwent both methods, FA-PNEU and culture-positive samples comprised 24.54% vs 17.27%, respectively. 18 samples were positive for both techniques, 82 were negative, one was culture-positive with negative FA-PNEU, and 9 were FA-PNEU-positive with negative culture. The two bacteria most frequently detected by FA-PNEU were Staphylococcus aureus (37.5%) and Streptococcus agalactiae (20%) and by culture were Staphylococcus aureus (34.78%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (26.08%). The overall concordance was 90.1% and by microorganism it was between 92.7% and 100%. Positive predictive values (PPV) were between 50% and 100%, being lower for Enterobacter cloacae and Staphylococcus aureus. Negative predictive values (NPV) were high (between 99.1% and 100%); MecA/C/MREJ had a specificity of 94.55% and a NPV of 100%.ConclusionsThe overall concordance was 90.1%, and it was between 92.7% and 100% by microorganisms. The positive qualitative agreement was between 50% and 100%, with a very high NPV.
Predictive Value of Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratio for Distant Metastasis in Gastric Cancer Patients
Authors: Zhang Xin , Wang Xuan , Li Wenxing , Sun Tuanhe , Diao Dongmei , Dang Chengxue 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
We aim to investigate the clinical significance of NLR in predicting gastric cancer (GC) metastasis.
Methods
Clinical data from 1,667 consecutive GC patients were retrospectively analyzed. The cut-off was calculated from the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve with the maximal Youden index. Prediction probability was obtained by binary logistic regression of GC markers (CEA, CA19-9 and CA72-4) with (P1) or without NLR (P2). Diagnostic efficacy of indicators as well as prediction probability was estimated and compared by ROC analysis. Clinicopathological parameters including inflammatory markers were evaluated for distant metastasis using multiple logistic regression analysis.
Results
The optimal cut-off for NLR was 2.91 with 55% sensitivity and 73.4% specificity. P2 had significantly higher efficacy than P1 for peritoneal metastasis (P = 0.013), osseous metastasis (P = 0.017) and hepatic metastasis (P < 0.001). In multiple logistic regression analysis, age (OR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.547–0.844), NLR (OR: 2.858, 95% CI: 2.295–3.559), CEA (OR: 2.108, 95% CI: 1.671–2.661), CA19-9 (OR: 1.844, 95% CI: 1.466–2.32), CA72-4 (OR: 2.348, 95% CI: 1.851–2.978) were found to be significantly associated with GC metastasis.
Conclusion
NLR was a risk factor of GC metastasis. Combining CEA, CA19-9, CA72-4 and NLR could better predict metastases in GC.
Short-Term Prediction of Ammonia Levels In Geese Houses Based On Combined Feature Selector and Random Forest
Authors: Huang Jiande , Guo Jianjun , Wu Huilin , Zhang Xinglong , Liu Shuangyin , Hassan Shahbaz Gul 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Ammonia concentration (NH3) is a dominant source of environmental pollution in geese housing and profoundly affects the healthy growth of geese. Accurately forecasting NH3 and analyzing its change trends in geese houses is crucial for the survival of geese. To improve the prediction accuracy of NH3, we propose a novel forecasting model by the combination of feature selector (CFS) and random forest (RF). The developed model integrated two modules. First, combining mutual information (MI) and relief-F, we propose CFS quantify the importance values of each feature and eliminate the low-relation or unrelated features. Second, we built a random forest model and used the K-fold cross-validation grid search algorithm (CVGS) to obtain the RF hyper-parameters to predict NH3. The simulation results show that the prediction accuracy was improved when feature selection after quantification based on the CFS was used. The mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute percent error (MAPE) for the proposed model were 0.5072, 0.6583, 2.88%, respectively. The NH3 prediction model based on CFS-GS-RF exhibited best prediction accuracy, and generalization performance compared with other parallel forecasting models and is a suitable and useful tool for predicting NH3 in geese houses.
Assessing the effect of selenium on cyclin D1 level and nuclear factor kappa b activity in NIH/3T3 fibroblast cells at 2100 MHz electromagnetic field exposure
Authors: Ergun Dilek Duzgun , Ozsobaci Nural Pastaci , Yilmaz Tuba , Ozcelik Dervis , Kalkan Mustafa Tunaya 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Although there are various studies on the biological effects of the 2100 MHz electromagnetic field (EMF), which is among the mobile phone frequencies, there are conflicting results in the literature on this subject. Materials and Methods: The present study was designed to assess the effect of 200 nM selenium (Se) on cell viability% [trypan blue], cell cycle biomarker [cyclin D1] and the transcription factor [nuclear factor kappa b (NF-κB)] in NIH/3T3 fibroblast cells exposed to 2100 MHz mobile phone frequency. Cells were divided to following groups: Control, sham control, 2100 MHz EMF, and 200 nM Se + 2100 MHz EMF for 2 h. And we measurement cell viability%, cyclin D1 level and NF-κB activity. Results and Conclusions: While of cell viability% decreased in 2100 MHz EMF group compared to control group, cell viability% increased in 200 nM Se + 2100 MHz EMF group compared to 2100 MHz EMF. It was also shown that while cyclin D1 level and NF-κB activity increased significantly in the 2100 MHz EMF group compared to the control group, the same parameters decreased in the 200 nM Se + 2100 MHz EMF group compared to the 2100 MHz EMF group. Although future studies will be required to investigate the biological effects of EMF emitted by mobile phones, our results provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying selenium's protective function and efficacy against 2100 MHz EMF exposure.
RBM47 is a Critical Regulator of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation
Authors: Shivalingappa Pavan Kumar Mysuru , Singh Divya Kumari , Sharma Vaishali , Arora Vivek , Shiras Anjali , Bapat Sharmila 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are pivotal for regulating gene expression as they are involved in each step of RNA metabolism. Several RBPs are essential for viable growth and development in mammals. RNA-binding motif 47 (RBM47) is an RRM-containing RBP whose role in mammalian embryonic development is poorly understood, yet deemed to be essential since its loss in mouse embryos leads to perinatal lethality. In this study, we attempted to elucidate the significance of RBM47 cell-fate decisions of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). Downregulation of Rbm47 did not affect mESC maintenance and the cell cycle but perturbed the expression of primitive endoderm (PrE) markers. The PrE misregulation, however, could be reversed by either FGFR or MEK inhibitor suggesting an implication of RBM47 in regulating FGF-ERK signaling. Further, lineage-specific differentiation experiments revealed that Rbm47 is essential for neuroectodermal and endodermal differentiation. Taken together, our study thereby assigns a hitherto unknown role(s) to RBM47 in a subtle regulation of mESC differentiation.
Impact of COVID-19 on University Students’ Quality of life and mental health in Greece: A Cross-sectional study
Authors: Tsami Faidra Foteini , Kanellopoulou Aimilia , Alexopoulou-Prounia Loukia , Tsapara Aggeliki , Katsadoros Kiriakos , Alexopoulos Panos , Vantarakis Apostolos 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted an increasing deterioration of university students’ quality of life and mental health. We conducted a cross-sectional study using an online interview survey on students at public universities in Greece to better understand the effects of the pandemic on their quality of life and mental health. Three tools were used (WHOQOL-BREF, IES-R, and HADS).1.266 university students from public Greek Universities participated in the study. We observed that 55,8% had a score lower than 50 in the psychological domain and 52,3% in the social domain of WHOQOL-BREF. Additionally, 46.6% of the respondents had a score of 37+ on the IES-R questionnaire, 45% of the respondents had abnormal results regarding anxiety and 33.6% had abnormal results regarding depression on the HADS questionnaire. Due to the long duration of the pandemic and measures such as lockdown and stay-at-home orders, the COVID-19 pandemic brings negative impacts on the quality of life and wellbeing of students. The findings of our study highlight the urgent need to develop interventions and strategies to address the quality of life and mental health consequences of university students.
The treatment of Qibai Pingfei Capsule on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may be mediated by Th17 / Treg balance and gut-lung axis microbiota
Authors: Jia Yu , He Tiantian , Wu Di , Tong Jiabing , Zhu Jie , Li Zegeng , Dong Jingcheng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a prevalent, progressive respiratory disease, has become the third leading cause of death globally. Increasing evidence suggests that intestinal and pulmonary microbiota dysbiosis is associated with COPD. Researchers have shown that T helper (Th) 17/regulatory T (Treg) imbalance is involved in COPD. Qibai Pingfei Capsule (QBPF) is a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat COPD clinically in China. However, the effects of QBPF intervention on the Th17/Treg balance and microbiota in the gut and lung are still poorly understood. Methods: This study divided the rats into three groups (n=8): control, model, and QBPF group. After establishing the model of COPD for four weeks and administration of QBPF for two weeks, Th17 cells, Treg cells, their associated cytokines, transcription factors, and intestinal and pulmonary microbiota of rats were analyzed. Furthermore, the correlations between intestinal and pulmonary microbiota and between bacterial genera and pulmonary function and immune function were measured. Results: The results revealed that QBPF could improve pulmonary function and contribute to the new balance of Th17/Treg in COPD rats. Meanwhile, QBPF treatment could regulate the composition of intestinal and pulmonary microbiota and improve community structure in COPD rats, suppressing the relative abundance of Coprococcus_2 , Prevotella_9 , and Blautia in the gut and Mycoplasma in the lung, but accumulating the relative abundance of Prevotellaceae_UCG_003 in the gut and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group in the lung. Additionally, gut–lung axis was confirmed by the significant correlations between the intestinal and pulmonary microbiota. Functional analysis of microbiota showed amino acid metabolism was altered in COPD rats in the gut and lung. Spearman correlation analysis further enriched the relationship between the microbiota in the gut and lung and pulmonary function and immune function in COPD model rats. Conclusions: Our study indicated that the therapeutic effects of QBPF may be achieved by maintaining the immune cell balance and regulating the gut-lung axis microbiota, providing references to explore the potential biomarkers of COPD and the possible mechanism of QBPF to treat COPD.
Comparison the clinical efficacy and quality of life between uncut Roux-en-Y and Billroth II with Braun anastomosis in laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer patients
Authors: Gao Sen , Zhang Yunfeng , Bao Wenzhong , Tang Dawei , Yang Renbao , LI liang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose:To compare the clinical efficacy and quality of life between uncut Roux-en-Y and Billroth II with Braun anastomosis in laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer patients. Method:A retrospective cohort study was performed. clinical data of 200 patients whounderwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy at the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Second People's Hospital of Hefei from January 2018 to January 2021 were collected. Of the 200 patients,100 underwent uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis and 100 underwent Billroth II with Braun anastomosis. The general data, intraoperative and postoperative conditions, complications, and endoscopic evaluation 1-year postoperative were compared. Besides, the quality of life of two groups was also compared using the Chinese version of the European Organization For Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) quality of life questionnaire-Core 30 (QLQ-C30) and quality of life questionnaire-stomach 22 (QLQ -STO22).Results: There were no significant differences in characteristics between the two groups ( P>0.05). All the 200 patients successfully underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy without intraoperative complications, conversion to open surgery or perioperative death. There were no significant differences between two groups in operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative complications, time to flatus,time to liquid diet and postoperative hospital stay (P>0.05). Endoscopic evaluation was conducted 1-year postoperative .Compared to Billroth II with Braun group, the uncut Roux-en-Y group had a significantly lower incidences of gastric stasis [(18.6%,16/86) vs. (32.8%,27/82), χ2 =3.76, P=0.042], gastritis [11.6% (10/86) vs.30.5% (25/82), χ2=9.053, P=0.003] and bile reflux [1.2% (1/86) vs. 25.6% (21/82), χ2=22.044, P<0.001], and the differences were statistically significant. The EORTC questionnaire was performed 1-year postoperative, there were no significant differences in the scores of QLQ-C30 scale between the two groups (P>0.05), while the scores of QLQ-STO22 compared to the Billroth II with Braun group, the uncut Roux-en-Y group had a lower pain score (median:8.3 vs 16.7, P=0.029) and reflux score (median: 0 vs5.6, P=0.012), and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05), indicating milder symptoms. Conclusion: Both the two anastomosis are safe and reliable in laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer , compare to the Billroth II with Braun anastomosis , the uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis can reduce the incidences of gastric stasis, gastritis and bile reflux, and improve the quality of life
Immersive ultraviolet disinfection of E. coli and MS2 phage on woven cotton textiles
Authors: MacIsaac Sean , Mullin Toni J , Munoz Sebastian , Ontiveros C. Carolina , Gagnon Graham A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Immersive ultraviolet disinfection provides a chemical-free technology for safer textiles, surfaces, and public spaces by inactivating communicable pathogens. This study examined immersive UV disinfection, using a disinfection cabinet, of E. coli and MS2 that was inoculated on white cotton T-shirts. The impact that porous materials have on UV disinfection is poorly understood with the majority of previous surface disinfection research focusing on hard, smooth surfaces. Several approaches were used in this study to characterize the light dynamics within the disinfection cabinet including colorimetric dosimetry coupons, biodosimetry, and spectroradiometry. Micro and macro geometry of porous surfaces are important factors to consider when using immersive UV technologies. Physical shading of emitted UV light within the disinfection cabinet and physical properties of a porous material, such as the woven pattern of cotton, both contribute to UV disinfection efficiency. This work identified that light distribution is crucial for immersive UV technologies as areas of T-shirts which were misaligned with UV lamp illuminance were not adequately disinfected. Other inoculated areas achieved upwards of 1-log reductions values for MS2 and upwards of 2-log reductions for E. coli.