bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nosocomial Infections During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Pediatric Patients: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Wang Chunle , Li Shuanglei , Wang Feng , Yang Jinfu , Yan Wei , Gao Xue , Wen Zhiqiang , Xiong Yaoyao 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is increasingly used in critically ill patients with respiratory and/or cardiac failure. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology and risk factors of nosocomial infection (NI) in pediatric patients who underwent ECMO for respiratory and/or circulatory failure.MethodsMedical records for patients that were administered underwent ECMO support at Xiangya Second Hospital of Central South University, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, and Children's Hospital Affiliation of Zhengzhou University, from September 2012 to December 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical data of the patients who developed NI were collected and analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to identify the independent predictive factors of NI during ECMO.ResultsA total of 54 first episodes of NI were identified in the 190 patients on ECMO, including 32 cases of respiratory tract infections, 20 cases of bloodstream infections, and 2 cases of surgical site wound infections. Gram-negative pathogens were the dominant pathogens isolated, accounting for 92.6% of the NI. The incidence of ECMO-related NI was 47.6 cases per 1,000 ECMO days. In the univariate logistic regression, ECMO mode, ECMO duration, ICU duration, and peritoneal dialysis were associated with the development of NI in patients with ECMO support. However, in the multivariate analysis, only ECMO duration (OR = 2.46, 95%CI: 1.10, 5.51; P = 0.029), ICU duration (OR = 1.35, 95%CI: 1.05, 1.59; P = 0.017) and peritoneal dialysis (OR = 2.69, 95%CI: 1.08, 5.73; P = 0.031) were the independent predictive factors for NI during ECMO support.ConclusionThis study identified the significant correlation between ECMO-related NI and ECMO duration, ICU duration, and peritoneal dialysis. Appropriate preventive measures are needed for hospitals to reduce the incidence of ECMO in pediatric patients.
Virtual Reality-Based Sensory Stimulation for Pediatric Disorders of Consciousness: A Pilot Study
Authors: Liang Piao , Xu Hong , Li Sinan , Ren Lei , Zhao Xiaoke 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine whether virtual reality-based sensory stimulation has the ability to improve the level of consciousness in pediatric disorders of consciousness compared with general rehabilitation.MethodsThirty subjects were divided into a virtual reality (VR) group (n= 15) and a control group (n= 15). Subjects in the VR group received both general rehabilitation and exposure to VR videos; the control group received only general rehabilitation. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R), and amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram (EEG) (aEEG) were used to measure the clinical behavioral response and neuroelectrophysiology before and after the treatment. The Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended Pediatric Revised (GOS-E Peds) was used to measure the social and personal functional ability after 3 months.ResultsAfter 2 weeks of treatment, the CRS-R and GCS improved in both groups. However, the VR group had better results than the control group in the CRS-R (p= 0.003) and GCS (p= 0.045). There were no significant differences on aEEG in the two groups after treatment. According to the GOS-E Peds, the improvement of social and personal functional ability had no significant differences in the two groups. Additionally, there were no obvious adverse reactions in the two group during the treatment.ConclusionsThis pilot study indicates potential benefit from the addition of VR to standard rehabilitation in pediatric disorders of consciousness. To further explore the efficacy of VR, a large-sample randomized controlled trial is warranted.
Integrating Metabolomics and Network Analysis for Exploring the Mechanism Underlying the Antidepressant Activity of Paeoniflorin in Rats With CUMS-Induced Depression
Authors: Lei Chaofang , Chen Zhigang , Fan Lili , Xue Zhe , Chen Jianbei , Wang Xihong , Huang Zhen , Men Yinian , Yu Mingzhi , Liu Yueyun , Chen Jiaxu 
Published: June 2022

Background: Paeoniflorin (PF) represents the major bioactive constituent of the traditional Chinese medicine plant Paeonia suffruticosa (Ranunculaceae), which has a long history as a folk medicine in Asian. Paeoniflorin, a bitter pinene monoterpene glycoside, has antidepressant effects, but its potential therapeutic mechanism has not been thoroughly explored.Methods: Experimental depression in rats was established by the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) combined with orphan method, and the efficacy of paeoniflorin on depression was evaluated by the sucrose preference test and open field test. The antidepressant mechanism of paeoniflorin was investigated by metabolomic and network pharmacology. The relevant pathways of biomarkers highlighted in metabolomics were explored, and the possible targets of paeoniflorin in the treatment of depression were further revealed through network analysis. The binding activity of paeoniflorin to key targets was verified by molecular docking.Results: Metabolomics showed that rats with CUMS-induced depression had urine metabolic disorders, which were reversed by paeoniflorin through the regulation of metabolic pathways. Metabolites that play a key role in the function of paeoniflorin include citric acid, thiamine monophosphate, gluconolactone, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and stachyose. Key predicted targets are SLC6A4, TNF, IL6 and SLC6A3. An important metabolic pathway is the Citrate cycle (TCA cycle).Conclusion: Network integrative analysis in this study showed that paeoniflorin could improve depressive-like symptoms in model rats with CUMS-induced depression and overall correct the disordered metabolic profile through multiple metabolic pathways.
Ultra High-Performance Supercritical Fluid Chromatography for the Quantitation of Diterpene Resin Acids in Norway Spruce Samples
Authors: Goels Thomas , Eichenauer Elisabeth , Langeder Julia , Aichner Georg F. , Mauser Gregor , Amtmann Luisa , Grienke Ulrike , Glasl Sabine 
Published: June 2022

Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. (Pinaceae) is native to Northern, Central and Eastern Europe. The fast-growing tree reaches up to 50 m in height, has modest nutritional requirements and depends on sufficient water supply. The conifer, commonly called Norway spruce, produces exudates which are traditionally used to treat skin wounds in Northern European countries. Major bioactive constituents of the conifer oleoresin are diterpene resin acids (DRAs) of the abietane and the pimarane type. To assure consistent pharmaceutical quality of Norway spruce balm and commercial products thereof, an analytical method for the quantitation of DRAs is the prerequisite. However, high structural similarity among DRAs and their poor UV absorption makes chromatographic separation and detection challenging: Conventional liquid chromatography systems often fail to achieve sufficient separation, moreover, they are not sustainable. Gas chromatography on the other hand requires time-consuming derivatization prior to unacceptably long analyses (&gt;60 min). These drawbacks prompted the development of the first validated supercritical fluid-based protocol for the separation and quantitation of eight DRAs, i.e., pimaric acid (1), sandaracopimaric acid (2), palustric acid (3), isopimaric acid (4), levopimaric acid (5), abietic acid (6), dehydroabietic acid (7), and neoabietic acid (8). By using an ultra high-performance supercritical fluid chromatography (UHPSFC) device hyphenated to a quadrupole mass detector, the DRAs were separated in less than 20 min on a Torus 2-Picolylamin (2-PIC) column (3.0 mm × 100 mm; 1.7 µm particle size) applying supercritical CO2 and ethanol as mobile phase. Regarding selectivity, accuracy (recovery rates: 87–108%), intermediate precision (between 6.6 and 11.1%), and linearity (R2 ≥ 0.99; linear between 0.75 μg/ml and 2.5 mg/ml), results were obtained in line with ICH guidelines. The lowest limit of detection (LOD) was at 0.75 μg/ml (7) and the lowest limit of quantitation (LOQ) at 2 μg/ml (8). As application examples, 22 Norway spruce balm samples and five commercial products were analyzed. The here presented protocol not only simplifies and shortens the analytical workflow, but also reduces the amount of organic solvent waste by about two thirds compared to conventional liquid chromatographic set-ups. These advantages qualify this fast and efficient method as an ideal tool for an environmentally friendly quality control of traditionally used wound-healing Norway spruce balm products.
The Mediating Effect of Reassurance-Seeking Behavior on the Influence of Viral Anxiety and Depression on COVID-19 Obsession Among Medical Students
Authors: Kim Hyun Sub , Ahn Junseok , Lee Jukab , Hong Youjin , Kim Changnam , Park Jangho , Chung Seockhoon 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesHealthcare workers experienced great psychological burden due to the continuation of the COVID-19 pandemic. During the pandemic, medical healthcare workers experienced greater instances of insomnia, anxiety, depression, somatization, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms than the general population. This study aimed to explore the association between viral anxiety and obsession with COVID-19 among medical students with reassurance-seeking behavior as a mediator.MethodsIn October 2021, an online survey was conducted among medical students at the University of Ulsan College of Medicine. The clinical characteristics of 162 participants and their responses to rating scales, including stress and anxiety to viral Epidemics-6 items (SAVE-6), Coronavirus Reassurance-Seeking Behaviors Scale (CRBS), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items (PHQ-9), and Obsession with COVID-19 scale were collected.ResultsMedical students' obsession with COVID-19 was based on the PHQ-9 (β = 0.15, p = 0.01), SAVE-6 (β = 0.43, p &lt; 0.001), and CRBS (β = 0.38, p &lt; 0.001) scores (adjusted R2 = 0.49, F = 39.9, p &lt; 0.001). Mediation analysis showed that medical students' viral anxiety and depression directly influenced their obsession with COVID-19, and their reassurance-seeking behavior partially mediated the effects of depression or viral anxiety on obsession with COVID-19.ConclusionsMedical students' viral anxiety and depression may affect their obsession with COVID-19, and reassurance-seeking behaviors may mediate this. Therefore, medical students should adopt adaptive coping strategies to prevent high levels of viral anxiety and recurrent reassurance-seeking behavior.
Relationship Between Economic Loss and Anxiety During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: Moderating Effects of Knowledge, Gratitude, and Perceived Stress
Authors: Jang Hyerim , Park A-La , Lee Yu-Ri , Ryu Seunghyong , Lee Ju-Yeon , Kim Jae-Min , Kim Sung-Wan , Kang Young-Shin 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesThe prolonged coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused individuals to suffer economic losses, in particular due to the implementation of intensive quarantine policies. Economic loss can cause anxiety and has a negative psychological impact on individuals, worsening their mental health and satisfaction with life. We examined the protective and risk factors that can influence the relationship between economic loss and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsPanel data from 911 participants were collected in April and May 2020 and again 6 months later. We analyzed the relationship between economic loss and anxiety and investigated the moderating effects of knowledge about COVID-19, gratitude, and perceived stress. Moreover, we investigated whether there were any changes in moderating effects over time or in different demographic groups.ResultsIn the early stages of the spread of COVID-19, gratitude (B = –0.0211, F = 4.8130, p &lt; 0.05) and perceived stress (B = 0.0278, F = 9.3139, p &lt; 0.01) had moderating effects on the relationship between economic loss and anxiety. However, after 6 months, only perceived stress had a significant moderating effect (B = 0.0265, F = 7.8734, p &lt; 0.01).ConclusionIn the early stages of COVID-19, lower levels of gratitude and higher perceived stress led to greater anxiety. In later stages of the prolonged pandemic, only perceived stress had a continued moderating effect on the relationship between economic loss and anxiety. This study suggests that psychological interventions to reduce perceived stress are needed to treat the possible adverse effects of the spread of infectious diseases on mental health.
Lower Subjective Socioeconomic Status Is Associated With Increased Risk of Reporting Negative Experiences on Social Media. Findings From the “LifeOnSoMe”-Study
Authors: Skogen Jens Christoffer , Bøe Tormod , Finserås Turi Reiten , Sivertsen Børge , Hella Randi Træland , Hjetland Gunnhild Johnsen 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate the association between subjective socioeconomic status (SES) and a) frequency and daily duration of social media use, and b) self-reported negative experiences on social media platforms.MethodsThe present study is based on the cross-sectional school-based “LifeOnSoMe”-study (N = 3,415) recruiting high school students aged 16 years or more in Bergen, Norway. Subjective SES was the independent variable and measured by perceived family affluence. The dependent variables included self-reported amount of social media use, and eight different types of negative experiences on social media. Self-reported age, gender, country of birth and type study were used as covariates. Statistical analyses included multinomial logistic regression and negative binomial regression models.ResultsFor amount of social media use, we only found relatively weak and inconsistent associations with SES. In contrast, the associations between SES and separate variables gauging negative experiences were robust in crude models as well as in models adjusted for age and gender. The number of different negative experiences were increased by 1.25 times for those with low and by 1.10 times for those with medium socioeconomic status, compared to those with high socioeconomic status in fully adjusted models. For composite measures of “negative acts and exclusion” and “unwanted attention from others,” the difference between low and high SES was equivalent to a small-to-moderate effect size even after adjustments for age, gender, country of birth, type of study and amount of social media use.ConclusionsIn the present study, we found consistent and strong support for an association between SES and negative experiences on social media even after adjustments for age, gender, country of birth, type of study, and amount of social media use. The potential link between SES and negative experiences on social media as reported in this study is likely to have a public health impact. As the reported findings are novel, they need to be replicated in forthcoming studies based on other study populations. Future research should also focus on other aspects of SES and negative experiences, as well as endeavor to investigate potential longitudinal associations.
An ALMA Observation of Time Variations in Chromospheric Temperature of a Solar Plage Region
Authors: Abe Masashi , Shimizu Toshifumi , Shimojo Masumi 
Published: June 2022

Nanoflares and the shock formation of magnetohydrodynamic waves in the solar chromosphere have been considered as key physical mechanisms of the heating of the chromosphere and corona. To investigate candidates of their signature in the mm-wavelength, a tiny active region located on the solar disk was observed with the Atacama Large millimeter and sub-millimeter Array (ALMA) at 3 mm, coordinated with observatories on orbit including Hinode SOT spectro-polarimeter in the Cycle 4 solar campaign (19 March 2017). ALMA’s spatial resolution was moderate, far from the best performance, but it provided stable conditions that are suitable to investigate temporal variations in the mm-wavelength. We determined that the noise level is less than 20 K (σ) over 1 hour in the 20-s cadence time series of synthesized ALMA images. The time variations with amplitudes above the noise level were observed throughout the field of view, but variations exceeding 200 K, corresponding to energy input to the chromosphere on the order of 1020-22 erg, were localized in two locations. One location was on the polarity inversion line, where tiny concentrated magnetic patches exist in weak field and a tiny magnetic flux may be emergent. The other location was at the outer edge of a bipolar magnetic region, which was under development with a successive series of magnetic flux emergence. This observation suggests that nanoflare-class energy inputs in the chromosphere can occur associated with emerging flux activities.
Full Endoscopic Posterolateral Transarticular Lumbar Interbody Fusion Using Transparent Plastic Working Tubes: Technical Note and Preliminary Clinical Results
Authors: Du Yu , Jiang Fuling , Zheng Haiyan , Yao Xudong , Yan Zhengjian , Liu Yang , Wang Liyuan , Zhang Xintai , Chen Liang 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundA series of full-endoscopic lumbar interbody fusions have been reported, but special fusion cages or operating instruments are often needed, and there are many complications in the operation and the learning curve is long. We have used a single portal endoscopic system for lumbar interbody fusion in a novel posterolateral transarticular approach, which will take advantage of the incision for pedicle screw insertion and avoid nerve root damage by using a transparent plastic working tube. The purpose of this study was to present the surgical technique of full endoscopic posterolateral transarticular lumbar interbody fusion (FE-PTLIF) and to analyze the preliminary clinical results.MethodsA total of 39 patients (17 men and 22 women; mean age [x̅ ± s] 55.2 ± 12.2 years) have been enrolled in this retrospective study between March 2019 and January 2021 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. All patients were treated with full endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion via posterolateral transarticular approach with a transparent plastic working tube. Demographic characteristics, diagnosis, operative time, and estimated blood loss were evaluated. Intraoperative photo and perioperative imaging were recorded. The preoperative and postoperative clinical data were collected for statistical analysis.ResultsThe preliminary clinical follow-up data achieved good results. No patients had serious postoperative complications and none of these patients required revision surgery during the perioperative or follow-up period. We compared the visual analogue scale and Oswestry disability index scores before and after surgery. The differences were statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05). The mean total blood loss (including drainage blood) was 54.4 ± 20.3 ml. The mean operative time was 130.5 ± 23.8 min. At the last follow-up, the fusion rate of the lumbar intervertebral space was 100%.ConclusionsThis novel posterolateral transarticular approach and transparent plastic working tube can reduce the difficulty of the operation, so that the conventional intervertebral fusion cage [bullet-shaped polyetheretherketone (PEEK) nonexpandable fusion cage] and surgical instruments can be used in the full endoscopic lumbar intervertebral fusion surgery, which can reduce the cost and improve the efficiency of the operation.
EDUCAÇÃO, COMUNICAÇÃO E DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: Fernandes Gomes Ana Claudia , Delgado Flavia Daniela de Pereira 
Published: June 2022

Os direitos humanos e sociais norteiam pesquisas e projetos de intervenção em espaços formais, informais e não formais de educação e constituem uma das principais interfaces sociais da comunicação. O objetivo desse paper é o relato de três experiências didático-pedagógicas desenvolvidas nos cursos de graduação em Comunicação Social de uma instituição privada de ensino superior localizada na região metropolitana de São Paulo. Metodologicamente, optou-se pela descrição dos projetos realizados durante os anos de 2020 e 2021, na modalidade de ensino remoto, durante o período de isolamento social motivado pela pandemia de covid-19, que deflagrou desigualdades no acesso ao conhecimento e à informação, a partir da necessidade de reinvenção do processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Os ecossistemas educomunicacionais desenvolvidos pelos graduandos e docentes, que integraram saberes em projetos interdisciplinares e relacionaram teoria e prática, foram pautados pela garantia de direitos à educação, à cultura e à comunicação no (re)conhecimento de identidades e ações de cidadania. Como resultado, foram produzidos álbuns, podcasts e documentários, que promoveram a autonomia de pensamento e cooperação em grupo, características fundamentais de um ensino ativo e transformador.
Palavras-chave: comunicação social, direitos humanos, ensino remoto, universidade, educomunicação
EFEKTIFITAS TINDAKAN EPISOTOMY DALAM MEMPERCEPAT PROSES PERSALINAN
Authors: Vanisa Lula , Ulfah Yulia 
Published: June 2022

Ruptur perineum dapat mengakibatkan dampak jangka panjang dan pendek pada ibu. Perdarahan adalah dampak jangka pendek dari ruptur perineum yang terjadi pada setiap persalinan melalui vagina. Secara historis, episiotomi diyakini mengurangi cedera perineum dan ruptur sfingter anal dengan mengendalikan arah dan tingkat kerusakan jaringan.
Robekan dengan episiotomi dianggap lebih mudah untuk diperbaiki dibandingkan dengan robekan spontan perineum dan dianggap bahwa episiotomi bisa mencegah dari ruptur perineum.
Evidence based case report ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitasa Tindakan episiotomy dalam mempercepat proses persalinan. Penulusuran artikel mengenai efektifitas Tindakan episiotomy dalam mempercepat proses persalinan dilakukan di Pubmed dan Google scholar. Didapatkan 1 artikel randomized-controlled trial oleh mario, dkk. yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dan telah dilakukan penapisan sebelumnya, kemudian ditelaah secara kritis. Setelah ditelaah secara kritis penelitian oleh mario, dkk. dinyatakan sahih, penting, dan dapat diterapkan pada pasien. Tindakan episiotomy secara selektif (tidak rutin dilakukan) dan sesuai procedure memberikan manfaat dan mempercepat proses persalinan. Selain itu juga didapatatkan 1 artikel literature review oleh mario, dkk. Dalam literature review ini didapatkan hasil Tindakan episitomy dilakukan apabila pasien memiliki risiko laserasi yang lebih tinggi, episiotomi dilakukan dengan sudut yang lebih terbuka (>40°) dan lebih awal pada periode ekspulsif. Dengan hal ini Teknik ini efektif mempercepat proses persalinan dengan meminimalisir risiko laserasi yang lebih tinggi .
GAMBARAN KOMPOSISI FILUM FIRMICUTES DAN BACTEROIDETES PADA OBESITAS (STUDI LITERATUR)
Authors: Agustina Dina , Mutiyani Mira , Suparman Suparman , PE Mulyo Gurid 
Published: June 2022

Obesity is a global health problem. Recently, the composition of the gut microbiota, especially Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, has been suggested to be one of the factors that play a role in the incidence of obesity. The purpose of this study was to describe the composition of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in obesity. The research design used is a literature study. The literature used is journals that meet the inclusion criteria, namely a total of 6 articles. The results of the literature study showed that there were different results on the composition of the gut microbiota in obesity. Several journals showed that the composition of Firmicutes increased and Bacteroidetes decreased in obesity, while other studies showed Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes increased in the obese group compared to the normal weight group. Furthermore, in another study, it was found that Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were higher in the lean group compared to the obese group. However, it was also found that there was no clear difference between the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes according to BMI