bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship with Maternal Gut Bacteria Dysbiosis and Gestational Weight Variation
Authors: Yadufashije Callixte , Grace Ishimwe Gatete , Mwanzia Lydia , Muhimpundu Liliane , Munyeshyaka Emmanuel , Mucumbitsi Joseph , Sangano Georges Bahati , Habyarimana Thierry 
Published: January 2022

Introduction:
Dysbiosis is often used to describe the state where there is a disruption in the balance of organisms in the microbiota. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota has been associated with disorders within and without the gut. This study aimed to identify the microbiota composition and to determine the association between gut microbiota and gestation weight amongst women attending Muhoza health Center.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study design was used where ninety stool samples were collected amongst pregnant women attending antenatal click of Muhoza health center. The samples were transported to Ines microbiology laboratory for microbiological analysis. Laboratory techniques including culturing, gram stain, and biochemical tests were performed for gut microbial identification. Analysis of variance was used to test the mean bacterial difference in pregnancy trimesters, a t-test was performed to test for the mean bacterial difference in the gestational weight gain (GWG) and gestational weight loss groups, and Chi-square test was used to test for association with gut bacteria imbalance and the gestational weight variation.

Results:
Lactobacillus 23.28% was the most predominant observed in the gut. The gut bacterial variation throughout pregnancy trimesters was observed (F = 4.437904575, P = 0.022909599). The gut bacterial mean difference was statistically significant in the weight gain and weight loss (t = 3.45, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.1487–0.5154, P = 0.005428) in the GWG and loss. There was statistical association with gut microbiota dysbiosis and gestational weight amongst pregnant women with Escherichia coli (P = 0.030197, 95% CI: 0.0741–0.4611, x2 = 7), Pseudomonas (P = 0.018316, 95% CI: 0.0941–0.4781, x2 = 8), and Citrobacter (P = 0.00046, 95% CI: 0.7855–0.9014, x2 = 15.38). The overall association (P = 0.001869, 95% CI: 0.9697–0.9868, x2 = 46.19) was statistically significant.

Conclusion:
Gut bacterial alteration contributes to gestational either weight gain or loss. During antenatal care, gut bacteria should be tested to maintain the gestational weight.
Association between LPA rs6415084 and rs6919346 Variants and Serum Lipoprotein(A) Levels amongst Apparently Healthy Individuals
Authors: Roby Dyna Ann , Bhandary Roopa Rani , Shetty Sukanya , Kulkarni Vineet , Roby Calvin 
Published: January 2022

Introduction:
Lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) synthesised by the liver consists of low-density lipoprotein which contains apoB-100 linked to apolipoprotein(a) (apo[a]) by disulphide bridge. LPA gene codes for highly polymorphic apo(a). The serum Lp(a) levels are highly varied amongst individuals and ethnicities, which could be attributed to the genetic polymorphisms present in LPA gene. Hence, this study aimed to analyse the association between LPA genetic variants, rs6415084 and rs6919346, with serum Lp(a) levels in apparently healthy subjects.

Materials and Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 56 apparently healthy subjects were recruited after obtaining informed consent. Serum Lp(a) levels were measured by immunoturbidimetric assay, and the genotyping of the variants was determined by the real-time polymerase chain reaction. Spearman's correlation test was used to find the association between single-nucleotide polymorphism and serum Lp(a). P < 0.05 is considered statistically significant.

Results:
The median level of serum Lp(a) amongst the study subjects was found to be 26.75 mg/dL, which is higher in males (35.50 mg/dL) when compared to females (21.85 mg/dL). The analysis of LPA gene variant rs6415084 showed 58.9% of the subjects with computed tomography (CT) genotype, 17.85% with CC and 5.3% with TT genotype. In the case of the rs6919346 variant, 80% of the subjects had CC genotype, 8.9% with CT and 5.3% with TT genotype.

Conclusion:
Overall, a weak significant association was observed between heterozygous alleles of LPA gene variant rs6415084 with increased serum Lp(a) level.
Evaluation of L-Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Non- and Post-COVID-19 Patients and its Role in Periodontal Regeneration – A Microscopic Analysis
Authors: Panchal Anita , Khan Faizan Ather , Khan Ather Hussain , Lakshmi Praveena , Pandya Maitri K , Pandya Rachana K. 
Published: January 2022

Introduction:
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a term for autologous platelet concentrates generated from the patient's own blood (PRF). PRF and its derivatives (L-PRF, A-PRF, i-PRF) have been used for delicate tissue restoration in a variety of dental procedures. The quantity of leucocytes and other growth factors in PRF of healthy and post-COVID-19 people differs, according to the literature, and these influence wound tissue healing.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty healthy volunteers and 30 post-COVID-19 volunteers (age range 24–60 years). For PRF preparation, a REMI PR-23 table centrifuge and a blood collection kit consisting of a 19G needle and 10 ml blood collection tubes were used. The analysis was performed by dividing the subject groups into three test groups (Group 1 – post-COVID-19, 0–30 days; Group 2 – post-COVID-19, 31–90 days; Group 3 – normal patients). Group 1, 2 and 3 consisted of 23, 7 and 30 patients, respectively.

Results:
The result was statistically significant between the normal and posted COVID-19 patient groups (P = 0.00). Not much statistical significance was found between post-COVID-19 patients from 0–30 days to 31–90 days (P = 0.370). Considering the limitations of the study, our findings imply that typical patients' PRF clots or membranes comprise the majority of platelets and half of the leucocytes present in the first blood collection.

Conclusion:
Within the fibrin network, platelet growth factors are stuck, but the PRF clot or membrane of the post-COVID-19 patients contains a reduced/negligible number of leucocytes. Thus, the growth factors which is released are also less. Therefore, usage of PRF in post-COVID-19 patients for periodontal regenerative therapies should be avoided, at least for the first 60 days, to replenish the reduced leucocyte count and growth factors in the blood.
Supplement use pre-conceptually and in the first trimester of pregnancy in Birmingham, UK
Authors: Khattabi Marwa , Jolly Kate 
Published: January 2022

Background/aim
Sufficient levels of vitamins in the periconceptual period are important for embryonic and fetal development. It is well known that periconceptual folic acid supplementation prevents neural tube defects; however, evidence suggests that periconceptual supplement uptake is suboptimal. The aim of the study was to investigate the uptake of periconceptual supplements in women. The secondary aims were to characterize preconceptual supplement users by age, parity, level of education, ethnicity, first language, and presence of chronic health problems and to identify types of supplements used.

Patients and methods
This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey. A total of 180 women aged 16 years or older in their first trimester of pregnancy attending for their dating scan in Birmingham, UK. Percentages and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of periconceptual supplement users were calculated. Statistical tests were carried out to examine the association of age, ethnicity, first language, parity, level of education, and presence of chronic health problems with preconceptual supplement use. Information about types of supplements used was also gathered.

Results
Supplements were taken preconceptually by 39.0% (95% CI: 32.1–46.2) of participants. However, 11.5% started using supplements in the first trimester of pregnancy, and 89 (49.4%, 95% CI: 42.2 to 56.7) participants had not used any supplements. Disparities in the use of preconceptual supplements were seen across a range of characteristics, although none of the differences were statistically significant.

Conclusion
Despite recommendations, periconceptual supplement uptake remains suboptimal. Strategies to improve supplement uptake might include active participation from primary health care professionals targeting all women of reproductive age, education campaigns, and population-based food folic acid fortification.
Mammary not otherwise specified-type sarcoma with CD10 expression
Authors: Sucharita Soumya , Sahu Nageswar , Giri Ranjana , Sahu Subrat Ku 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Although mammary carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies among women, sarcoma taking origin from the breast tissue is extremely rare. Most of the mammary sarcomas represent a specific entity such as malignant phyllodes tumor, liposarcoma, or angiosarcoma. However, some cases do not fit into any specific category of sarcoma. These cases are diagnosed with breast sarcoma–not otherwise specified (NOS) type. They constantly express CD10 and are called as NOS type sarcoma with CD10 expression. Herein, we report a case of primary mammary sarcoma-NOS type with CD10 expression in an 80-year-old male. It was misdiagnosed with carcinoma breast on fine-needle aspiration. However, on histology, it was a high-grade tumor without any specific differentiation. Immunohistochemical results showed diffuse strong expression of vimentin and CD10, whereas pancytokeratin, desmin, and CD34 were negative. These tumors are considered a variant of sarcoma with myoepithelial differentiation.
Nephron-Sparing Surgery in Nonsyndromic Unilateral Wilms' tumor
Authors: Sarin Yogesh Kumar 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Unilateral Wilms' tumor (uWT) is the most common renal malignancy in the pediatric population. Although the onset of surgical intervention like radical nephrectomy (RN) has substantially reduced the mortality rate, recent evidence has raised concerns regarding several postoperative complications associated with this procedure. Nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) has been reported to avoid such postoperative complications and have high technical success rate. However, not much literature is available comparing the efficacy of RN and NSS for managing nonsyndromic uWT, which makes it less acceptable globally.

Materials and Methods and Results:
A systematic identification of the literature was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines on four academic databases: MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, and CENTRAL. Out of 1017 records, 20 manuscripts including 312 patients were included in the review; 4 patients treated by the author (unpublished data) have also been included. The studies included 7 retrospective case series with no comparison group, 4 retrospective case series with comparison group, 4 retrospective series with a cursory mention of NSS in uWT, 2 case reports, 1 protocolized prospective trial with comparison group, 1 administrative database analysis with comparison group, and 1 randomized controlled study. In all, 316 patients with nonsyndromic uWT were studied. The pretherapy volumes of the WT ranged from 2.4 to 640 ml. Majority of them were administered preoperative chemotherapy. About half of the patients (n = 159) (50.3%) were Stage I tumors. Stage II, III, and IV tumors were seen in 23 (7.3%), 20 (6.3%), and 3 (1%) patients. Stage was not specified in 111 (35.1%) patients. Majority of them were “intermediate risk” WT. All these tumors were nonanaplastic. Surgical margins were reported positive in 13 (4%) patients. Overall and event-free survivals were 100% in most of the studies; only handful of relapses were noted in this systematic review.

Conclusions:
This qualitative systematic review recommends the use of NSS for nonsyndromic uWT. The procedure accounts for higher postoperative renal function and lesser incidence of hypertension as compared to the radical nephrectomy. Overall and event-free survivals are comparable or even better with NSS.
Correlation of Urethral Ratio and Bladder Wall Thickness with Cystoscopic Findings in Posterior Urethral Valve Patients to Assess Residual Valves
Authors: Motiwala Tanmay , Sinha Arvind , Rathod Kirtikumar J. , Manchanda Vivek , Yadav Taruna , Jadhav Avinash , Pathak Manish , Saxena Rahul 
Published: January 2022

Introduction:
Posterior urethral valve (PUV) is life threatening congenital anomaly of urinary tract. Aim of the study was to correlate urethral ratio (UR) and bladder wall thickness (BWT) with cystoscopic findings in PUV patients to assess residual valves and to validate UR as a diagnostic tool for residual valves. It also aimed to assess the utility of bladder wall thickness in diagnosis of residual valves.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 31 patients were included in the prospective study done from 2017 to 2019. Calculation of UR was done in oblique VCUG films by dividing maximum posterior and anterior urethral diameter without the catheter insitu. Measurement of BWT was done at dome and bladder neck at full distension with feeding tube insitu and was done at same volume in follow up. The procedure was repeated at 3 months follow up. The findings were compared with cystoscopic findings for the status of residual valves as gold standard. Each patient served as control for self in the study.

Results:
Median age of presentation was 1 years with range of 1day to 10 years. The most common complains at the time of presentation in our study was straining (35.48%) followed by antenatally diagnosed patients (25.81%) and recurrent UTI (19.36%). Pre fulguration median UR was 2.45. Post Fulguration median UR was 1.20. It showed a statistically significant reduction (p &lt; 0.001) after fulguration. Pre fulguration median BWT was 4 mm. Post fulguration median BWT was 2.5 mm. BWT showed a statistically significant reduction (p &lt; 0.001) after fulguration as well. ROC curve was plotted for UR and BWT. BWT more than 1.95 mm (sensitivity-80%) and UR more than 1.2 (sensitivity-70%) indicates residual valves.

Conclusion:
A step ladder approach including BWT, UR and check cystoscopy can serve as a new diagnostic algorithm for the assessment of residual valves thereby avoiding extra radiation and general anesthesia exposure.
Effectiveness of flipped classroom among nursing students on venous thromboembolism (VTE)
Authors: AL-Mugheed K , Bayraktar N 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Modern innovative education approaches are crucial to be incorporated into nursing education that leads to improving evidence-based teaching strategies, and closes the gap between theory and practice, as well as to prepare the nursing students to their future workplaces.

Aim:
Aim of the study was evaluation the effectiveness of the flipped classroom method among nursing students regarding VTE basic knowledge, risk factors, and prophylaxis.

Subjects and Methods:
This study was implemented in a Faculty of Nursing in Northern Cyprus at Nicosia, and used pre-test and post-test, and interventional design. A total of 100 bachelor-degree nursing students were composed the sample of the study. The Implementation of the study was conducted in three phases including pre-test, educational intervention, and post-test. Data were evaluated using the independent-sample t test.

Results:
The findings of the study showed statistically significant improvement in the overall mean scores of all VTE after the educational intervention through flipped classroom. Students classified the strength points with four themes; deep motive learning, technology support, team-based learning, and satisfaction.

Conclusions:
Our results support the effectiveness of the flipped classroom method in nursing education; the method may be useful for developing of educational strategies in nursing.
Thumb talc granuloma mimicking squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Babalola OF , Salawu AI , Okunlola AI , Abdullahi YO 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Application of topical powdery substances to the wound is an age old practice. Talc containing powdery substances are however commonplace and predominant in our environment. This insoluble mineral has been linked to chronic granulomatous reaction particularly in the lungs. We present a case report of a fifty-year-old man with prolonged application of talc containing powdery substances to the left thumb wound and excitation of exuberant granuloma mimicking squamous cell carcinoma. He had complete excision of the mass and satisfactory first dorsal metacarpal artery flap coverage of the soft tissue defect.
The complex microbiome of caries-active and caries-free supragingival plaques in permanent dentition
Authors: Çelik ZC , Çakiris A , Abaci N , Yaniikoğlu F , Ilgin C , Ekmekçi SS , Celik H , Tağtekin D 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Background and Aim:
Dental caries is one of the most common diseases seen in the oral cavity in all periods of deciduous, mixed, and permanent dentition. A comprehensive study of the oral microbiome is required to understand its polymicrobial etiology. The aim of this study was to reveal the plaque microbiome of caries-active and caries-free adults.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 52 samples were collected from 26 caries-active patients and 26 caries-free controls. Dental supragingival plaque samples were collected from each subject and the bacterial 16S rDNA, expanded V3–V4 region, was amplified using next generation sequencing.

Results:
The core microbiome was defined with 235 shared bacteria in genus level, and among all microbiome 14.8% of all bacteria showed significant difference (P < 0.05). The bacteria responsible of caries may be listed as Anaeroglobus, Atopobium, Bifidobacterium, Centipeda, Cryptobacterium, Desulfobulbus, Filifactor, Howardella, Lactobacillus, Leptotrichiaceae (unclassified), Megasphaera, Mycoplasma, Olsenella, Phocaeicola, Propionibacterium, Pseudoramibacter, Scardovia, Schwartzia, Treponema, and Veillonellaceae (unclassified).

Conclusion:
The present study provides comprehensive knowledge of the microbiological etiology of caries in permanent dentition.
Consequences of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis on ocular parameters of anterior and posterior segments
Authors: Doğan M , Halilova V , Sabaner MC , Eroğul Ö , Gobeka HH 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTAims:To investigate consequences of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC) on the ocular anterior and posterior segment parameters.Materials and Methods:Forty healthy participants (mean age: 25.90 ± 5.7 years, 20 females, 20 males) and 40 patients with SAC (mean age: 26.20 ± 5.7 years, 20 females, 20 males) were included in this prospective study. The anterior segment parameters including central corneal thickness (CCT) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) were measured by Scheimpflug imaging system. Axial length (AL) was measured by optical biometry. The posterior segment parameters, including retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), subfoveal choroidal thickness, and central macular thickness were measured by optical coherence tomography.Results:Similar values of the ACD, AL, RNFL as well as central macular thickness between healthy participants and patients with SAC were revealed. Despite the CCT being thinner in SAC, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. On the other hand, SAC was found to be associated with an increase in subfoveal choroidal thickness, the condition of which may be attributed to the inflammatory nature of the disease.Conclusion:The present study has managed to demonstrate non-significant alterations in the ocular anterior and posterior segment parameters of patients with SAC. Yet, the increase in subfoveal choroidal thickness may be linked to the accompanying inflammation of both the conjunctiva and other ocular tissues, particularly the choroidal layer.
The role of simulator and digital technologies in head and neck reconstruction
Authors: Alfouzan AF 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
This review summarizes the development of digital technology in the field of head and neck surgeries. Advances in digital technology assist surgeons during preoperative planning, where they can simulate their surgeries with improvement in the resulting accuracy of the surgery. In addition to digital technologies having many applications in the surgical field, they can be used in medical devices, surgical and educational models, and tissue engineering.
Assessment of microhardness and color stability of micro-hybrid and nano-filled composite resins
Authors: Barve D , Dave P , Gulve M , Saquib S , Das G , Sibghatullah M , Chaturvedi S 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Background and Aims:
Composite resins are among the most popular restorative dental materials because of the strength and esthetic properties. The goal of this study was to assess the effect of commonly consumed beverages on microhardness and color stability of microhybrid (MH) and nanofilled NF) composite resins.

Material and Methods:
240 samples were prepared from the composite material [MH = 120 (material I) and NF = 120 (material II)] and allocated into eight groups of 30 samples. In each group, half of the samples were tested for microhardness and another-half for color stability. After baseline measurements, the samples were immersed in test media, that is, distilled water and beverages (tea, cola, and coffee) for 15 days. Microhardness and color stability measurements were carried out after 15 days to assess the effect of beverages. The color stability and microhardness values were compared and evaluated by analysis of variance (ANOVA) using Tukey's alteration test.

Results:
It was reported that the microhardness decreased for both the materials after immersion in all the beverages. Percentage change in microhardness was considerably higher in material II in comparison to the material I in cola drink. Color change was significantly higher in material II compared to material I in water and coffee. Cola drink caused the maximum change in microhardness among all the beverages and coffee caused the maximum color change among all the beverages.

Conclusion:
Both composite materials (I and II) showed a reduction in microhardness and change in color after immersion in a different type of test media.
A comparative study on the influence of third point of reference on condylar guidance settings in a semi-adjustable articulator with lateral cephalographs
Authors: Aldhuwayhi S , Mustafa MZ , Shaikh SA , Mehta S , Mathar MI , Thakare AA , Varadharaju VK , Ayub MS , Shamsudeen SM , Khan ARA 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Aim:
The study aimed to evaluate the effect on condylar guidance values with casts mounted by facebow transfer (Guichet's point as the third point of reference), Bonwill's, and radiographic method.

Materials and Methods:
The dentulous subject's casts were mounted to a semi-adjustable articulator (Artex Type AR) after facebow transfer with Guichet's point as the third point of reference and also by Bonwill's method. Protrusive records made earlier were utilized to program the right and left side condylar guidance value. Two digital lateral cephalograms were made, one in centric relation, and one in protrusion and the condyles were traced and overlapped. The condylar guidance readings obtained by Bonwill's method, facebow transfer, and lateral cephalometric tracings were compared in this study using the SPSS (Version 17.0 Illinois, Chicago, USA) software.

Results:
The condylar guidance values obtained from Bonwill's and the facebow transfer method (p < 0.001) was lesser than the radiographic method. The values obtained by casts mounted to the Bonwill's method differed significantly (p < 0.001) from the other two methods.

Conclusion:
The values obtained by facebow transfer were closer to the radiographic values whereas the values obtained by Bonwill's method mounting differed markedly.