bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An updated Gappy-POD to capture non-parameterized geometrical variation in fluid dynamics problems
Authors: Akkari Nissrine , Casenave Fabien , Ryckelynck David , Rey Christian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this work, we propose a new method to fill the gap within an incomplete turbulent and incompressible data field in such a way to satisfy the topological and intensity changes of the fluid flow after a non-parameterized geometrical variation in the fluid domain. This work extends the one that has been published as a conference proceeding to the 2018 AIAA Scitech Forum and Exposition (Akkari et al. in Geometrical reduced order modeling (ROM) by proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) for the incompressible navier stokes equations. In: 2018 AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, AIAA SciTech Forum, (AIAA 2018-1827), 2018). A single baseline large eddy simulation (LES) is assumed to be performed prior geometrical variations. The proposed method is an enhancement of the Gappy-POD method proposed by Everson and Sirovich in 1995, in the case where the given set of empirical eigenfunctions is not sufficient and is not interpolant for the recovering of the modal coefficients for each Gappy snapshot by a least squares procedure. This happens when the available data cannot be written as an interpolation of the baseline POD modes. This is typically the case when we introduce non-parameterized geometrical modifications in the fluid domain. Here, after the baseline simulation, additional solutions of the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations are solely performed over a restricted fluid domain, that contains the geometrical modifications. These local LESs that we will call hybrid simulations are performed by using the immersed boundary technique, which uses of a fluid boundary condition and the baseline velocity field. Then, we propose to update the POD modes using a local modification of the baseline POD modes in the restricted fluid domain. Furthermore, we will propose a physical correction of the latter enhanced Gappy-POD modal coefficients thanks to a Galerkin projection of the Navier–Stokes equations upon the new modes of the available data. This enhancement procedure on the global velocity reconstruction by the physical constraint was tested on a 3D semi-industrial test case of a typical aeronautical injection system and, a 2D laminar and unsteady incompressible test case. The speed-up relative to this new technique is equal to 100, which allows us to perform an exploration of two new designs of the aeronautical injection system.
The interplay between diversity and noise in an excitable cell network model
Authors: Scialla Stefano , Patriarca Marco , Heinsalu Els 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We study the effects of the interplay between diversity and noise in a 3D network of FitzHugh-Nagumo elements, with topology and dimensions chosen to model a pancreatic β-cell cluster, as an example of an excitable cell network. Our results show that diversity and noise are non-equivalent sources of disorder that have different effects on the network dynamics: their synchronization mechanisms may act independently of one another or synergistically, depending on the mean value of the diversity distribution compared to the intrinsic oscillatory range of the network elements.
Condensation-induced self-patterning of a thin clayey layer
Authors: Martin J. , Doumenc F. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We show through laboratory experiments that the self-patterning of a thin clayey layer can be triggered by condensation. The natural sediment used in the experiments was a highly polydisperse granular paste with smectite clay in the fine fraction. Under certain physicochemical conditions, condensation induces the solid-to-liquid transition of the sediment layer, resulting in sediment flow and the formation of band structures. These results suggest a physical mechanism for the formation of patterns commonly observed on the humid walls of underground cavities, referred to as vermiculations.
Cliophysics: A scientific analysis of recurrent historical events
Authors: Aruka Yuji , Baaquie Belal , Chen Xiaosong , Di Zengru , Kim Beomjun , Richmond Peter , Roehner Bertrand M. , Wang Qing-hai , Yang Yang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Named after Clio, the Greek goddess of history, cliophysics is a daughter (and in a sense an extension) of econophysics. Like econophysics it relies on the methodology of experimental physics. Its purpose is to conduct a scientific analysis of (recurrent) historical events. Such events can be of sociological, political or economic nature. In this last case cliophysics would coincide with econophysics. The main difference between cliophysics and econophysics is that the description of historical events may be qualitative as well as quantitative. For the handling of qualitative accounts cliophysics has developed an approach based on the identification of patterns. To detect a pattern the main challenge is to break the “noise barrier”. The very existence of patterns is what makes cliophysics possible and ensures its success. Briefly stated, once a pattern is detected, it allows predictions to be made. As the capacity to make successful predictions is the hallmark of any science, it becomes easy to decide whether or not the claim made in the title of the paper is indeed justified. A number of examples of clusters of similar events will be given which should convince readers that historical events can be simplified almost at will very much as in physics. In the last part of the paper, we describe cliophysical investigations conducted over the past decades; they make us confident that cliophysics can be a valuable tool for decision makers. This is not an ordinary physics paper for it does not focus on a specific question but rather delineates a new field and outlines an innovative research program. Neither should it be seen as an opinion paper for, thanks to its nine co-authors, it offers objective arguments in support of its proposals.
On the attractive inverse-square potential in the induced electric dipole system under the influence of the harmonic oscillator
Authors: Bakke K. , Ramos J. G. G. S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We obtain the analytical solutions to the Schrödinger equation for the attractive inverse-square potential in an induced electric dipole moment system under the influence of the harmonic oscillator. We show that bound states can exist when the electric field configuration brings a cut-off point that imposes a forbidden region for the neutral particle. Then, by dealing with s-waves, we obtain the energy eigenvalues in the strong electric field regime and for small values of the angular frequency of the harmonic oscillator. Further, we extend our discussion about the energy eigenvalues beyond the s-waves.
Orientalism without Power?
Authors: Zou Dongxin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Sent by the Chinese government on medical missions, Chinese female ob-gyns have served in rural and small-town public hospitals in Algeria and Morocco for more than fifty years. Yet little is known about the medical encounters or how the ob-gyns perceived patients and their health cultures. Drawing on untapped Chinese medical-mission literature, this article shows that the ob-gyns have since the 1980s constructed certain images of North African women as an inferior other, either reckless biological reproducers or incompetent health providers. In their criticisms of reproductive practices and female professionalism, they viewed local health policies and institutions through the prisms of modern obstetrics and Chinese gender rhetoric and ultimately bolstered their professional status at home in China. The article also suggests that while the ob-gyns were not attached to a hard-power colonial state apparatus, they retained considerable situational power over their patients.
Short-Circuited Trans Care, t4t, and Trans Scenes
Authors: Marvin Amy 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This essay discusses short-circuited trans care by focusing on failures of t4t as an ethos both interpersonally and within particular trans scenes. The author begins by recounting an experience working at a bar/restaurant that appealed to its identity as a caring trans community space as part of its exploitation of trans workers. This dynamic inspires the main argument, that t4t can become an ethos of scenes and institutions beyond the interpersonal while short-circuiting practices of trans care. Short-circuited trans care is then traced to t4t by drawing from Hil Malatino's work on trans care and t4t, Kai Cheng Thom's work on community dynamics, and trans literature to argue that practices of t4t often include abuse, expulsion, and assumptive care. This short-circuited trans care is linked to trans scenes by discussing the ethos of t4t in the history of Topside Press and trans cultural production. The author does not condemn t4t and to this effect offers a critique of tethering trans cultural production to prestige instead of care. Rather, the goal of this essay is to openly discuss aspects of t4t and trans care that are often obscured through the projection of a highly questionable “we” or universalized “trans community.”
Subcellular localization of mutant P23H rhodopsin in an RFP fusion knock-in mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa
Authors: Robichaux Michael A. , Nguyen Vy , Chan Fung , Kailasam Lavanya , He Feng , Wilson John H. , Wensel Theodore G. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
The P23H mutation in rhodopsin (Rho), the rod visual pigment, is the most common allele associated with autosomal-dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP). The fate of misfolded mutant Rho in rod photoreceptors has yet to be elucidated. We generated a new mouse model, in which the P23H-Rho mutant allele is fused to the fluorescent protein Tag-RFP-T (P23HhRhoRFP). In heterozygotes, outer segments formed, and wild-type (WT) rhodopsin was properly localized, but mutant P23H-Rho protein was mislocalized in the inner segments. Heterozygotes exhibited slowly progressing retinal degeneration. Mislocalized P23HhRhoRFP was contained in greatly expanded endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes. Quantification of mRNA for markers of ER stress and the unfolded protein response revealed little or no increases. mRNA levels for both the mutant human rhodopsin allele and the WT mouse rhodopsin were reduced, but protein levels revealed selective degradation of the mutant protein. These results suggest that the mutant rods undergo an adaptative process that prolongs survival despite unfolded protein accumulation in the ER. The P23H-Rho-RFP mouse may represent a useful tool for the future study of the pathology and treatment of P23H-Rho and adRP.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Divergent G-protein selectivity across melanopsins from mice and humans
Authors: McDowell Richard J. , Rodgers Jessica , Milosavljevic Nina , Lucas Robert J. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Melanopsin is an opsin photopigment and light-activated G-protein-coupled receptor; it is expressed in photoreceptive retinal ganglion cells (mRGCs) and can be employed as an optogenetic tool. Mammalian melanopsins can signal via Gq/11 and Gi/o/t heterotrimeric G proteins, but aspects of the mRGC light response appear incompatible with either mode of signalling. We use live-cell reporter assays in HEK293T cells to show that melanopsins from mice and humans can also signal via Gs. We subsequently show that this mode of signalling is substantially divergent between species. The two established structural isoforms of mouse melanopsin (which differ in the length of their C-terminal tail) both signalled strongly through all three G-protein classes (Gq/11, Gi/o and Gs), whereas human melanopsin showed weaker signalling through Gs. Our data identify Gs as a new mode of signalling for mammalian melanopsins and reveal diversity in G-protein selectivity across mammalian melanopsins.
Patterning of the cell cortex and the localization of cleavage furrows in multi-nucleate cells
Authors: Gerisch Günther , Prassler Jana , Ecke Mary 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
In multi-nucleate cells of Dictyostelium, cytokinesis is performed by unilateral cleavage furrows that ingress the large cells from their border. We use a septase (sepA)-null mutant with delayed cytokinesis to show that in anaphase a pattern is generated in the cell cortex of cortexillin and myosin II. In multi-nucleate cells, these proteins decorate the entire cell cortex except circular zones around the centrosomes. Unilateral cleavage furrows are initiated at spaces free of microtubule asters and invade the cells along trails of cortexillin and myosin II accumulation. Where these areas widen, the cleavage furrow may branch or expand. When two furrows meet, they fuse, thus separating portions of the multi-nucleate cell from each other. Unilateral furrows are distinguished from the contractile ring of a normal furrow by their expansion rather than constriction. This is particularly evident for expanding ring-shaped furrows that are formed in the centre of a large multi-nucleate cell. Our data suggest that the myosin II-enriched area in multi-nucleate cells is a contractile sheet that pulls on the unilateral furrows and, in that way, expands them.
Catalytic Reduction of Dinitrogen to Ammonia and Hydrazine Using Iron–Dinitrogen Complexes Bearing Anionic Benzene-Based PCP-Type Pincer Ligands
Authors: Kuriyama Shogo , Kato Takeru , Tanaka Hiromasa , Konomi Asuka , Yoshizawa Kazunari , Nishibayashi Yoshiaki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAmong synthetic models of nitrogenases, iron–dinitrogen complexes with an Fe–C bond have attracted increasing attention in recent years. Here we report the synthesis of square-planar iron(I)–dinitrogen complexes supported by anionic benzene-based PCP- and POCOP-type pincer ligands as carbon donors. These complexes catalyze the formation of ammonia and hydrazine from the reaction of dinitrogen (1 atm) with a reductant and a proton source at −78 °C, producing up to 252 equiv of ammonia and 68 equiv of hydrazine (388 equiv of fixed N atom) based on the iron atom of the catalyst. Anionic iron(0)–dinitrogen complexes, considered an essential reactive species in the catalytic reaction, are newly isolated from the reduction of the corresponding iron(I)–dinitrogen complexes. This study examines their reactivity using experiments and DFT calculations.
Effect of blending ratio of wheat, orange fleshed sweet potato and haricot bean flour on proximate compositions, β-carotene, physicochemical properties and sensory acceptability of biscuits’
Authors: Kindeya Fieben , Hailu Welday , Dessalegn Tilku , L. Kibr Gesessew 
Published: March 2022

Background: Protein-energy malnutrition and vitamin A deficiency (VAD) are the most important public health issues, and a food-based strategy is crucial to combat those health problems among the vulnerable group of people. Methods: Composite biscuits were made with 100:0:0, 90:5:5, 80:10:10, 70:15:15, 60:20:20, and 50:25:25 percent wheat, haricot bean, and orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) flours.Standard methods were used to evaluate the proximate compositions, β-carotene, physical properties, functional properties, and sensory acceptability. A one-way analysis of variance model was used to statistically evaluate the data using the statistical analysis system software package, version 9.0 standard methods. Results: The results showed that partially replacing wheat with haricot beans and OFSP increased the β-carotene and proximate compositions significantly. When wheat was replaced with haricot beans and OFSP, the physical characteristics of the biscuits did not vary significantly from those of biscuits made entirely of wheat flour. Sensory acceptability (appearance, color, flavor, taste and overall acceptability) was higher in the composite biscuits with up to 40% wheat substitution than in the 100% wheat flour biscuits. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this report, replacing wheat with OFSP and haricot beans in biscuit formulation appears to be promising in improving nutritional quality, sensory acceptability, and beta carotene. It is proposed that these products can mitigate food insecurity and deficiency of vitamin A.
Wpływ pandemii COVID-19 na zdrowie psychiczne wybranych grup społecznych
Authors: Chałupnik Aleksandra , Borkowska Aleksandra , Chilimoniuk Zuzanna , Dobosz Maciej , Wieteska Małgorzata , Mizerski Grzegorz 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Introduction and purpose: COVID-19 is a highly contagious disease that is caused by a new strain of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (type 2 acute respiratory syndrome virus). Globally, as of 14 July 2021, there have been more than 4 million deaths and almost 190 million confirmed cases of infection. Mental health disorders are sets of behaviours, ways of thinking or perceiving and other mental activities and relations with other people which are a source of suffering or impediments to the individual functioning of the affected person. The most common mental health disorders are anxiety disorders, insomnia, depression and somatic disorders.
State of knowledge: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted people's lives around the world through the rapid spread of the disease, high mortality and negative health effects. Over time, there is growing public concern that health systems may become overburdened and that adequate medical care will not be available to everyone affected by the disease. There are also concerns that isolation and reduced mobility will be long-term with serious consequences for mental health and well-being.
Summary: There is already evidence of the negative psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescents, as well as the elderly who have been isolated, making these individuals more susceptible to developing long-term psychiatric disorders.
Social Media and News: Content Bundling and News Quality
Authors: de Cornière Alexandre , Sarvary Miklos 
Published: March 2022

The growing influence of internet platforms acting as content aggregators is one of the most important challenges facing the media industry. We develop a simple model to understand the impact of third-party content bundling by a social platform that has a monopoly on showing user-generated content to consumers. In our model, consumers can access news either directly through a newspaper’s website or indirectly through a platform, which also offers social content. We show that content bundling, when unilaterally implemented by the platform, tends to harm publishers and to increase the dispersion of quality across outlets, with initially high-quality outlets investing more and low-quality ones investing less. With many heterogenous newspapers, the result is robust even if each newspaper can prevent the platform from using its content. When content bundling follows an agreement between the platform and publisher, its effects are reversed, as publishers’ profits go up while quality dispersion goes down. In a setup with heterogeneous consumers, we also show that the platform’s ability to personalize the mix of content it shows to users induces publishers to invest more in the quality of their content.This paper was accepted by Dmitri Kuksov, marketing.Funding: The authors thank the Net Institute for financial support. A. de Cornière acknowledges funding from Agence Nationale de la Recherche [Grant ANR-17-EUR-0010 (Investissements d'Avenir Program)], the Toulouse School of Economics Digital Center, and the Artificial and Natural Intelligence Toulouse Institute.Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4341 .
The role of accelerated growth plate fusion in the absence of SOCS2 on osteoarthritis vulnerability
Authors: Samvelyan Hasmik Jasmine , Huesa Carmen , Cui Lin , Farquharson Colin , Staines Katherine Ann 
Published: March 2022

Aims Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent systemic musculoskeletal disorder, characterized by articular cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone (SCB) sclerosis. Here, we sought to examine the contribution of accelerated growth to OA development using a murine model of excessive longitudinal growth. Suppressor of cytokine signalling 2 (SOCS2) is a negative regulator of growth hormone (GH) signalling, thus mice deficient in SOCS2 ( Socs2 -/-) display accelerated bone growth. Methods We examined vulnerability of Socs2 -/- mice to OA following surgical induction of disease (destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM)), and with ageing, by histology and micro-CT. Results We observed a significant increase in mean number (wild-type (WT) DMM: 532 (SD 56); WT sham: 495 (SD 45); knockout (KO) DMM: 169 (SD 49); KO sham: 187 (SD 56); p < 0.001) and density (WT DMM: 2.2 (SD 0.9); WT sham: 1.2 (SD 0.5); KO DMM: 13.0 (SD 0.5); KO sham: 14.4 (SD 0.7)) of growth plate bridges in Socs2 -/- in comparison with WT. Histological examination of WT and Socs2 -/- knees revealed articular cartilage damage with DMM in comparison to sham. Articular cartilage lesion severity scores (mean and maximum) were similar in WT and Socs2 -/- mice with either DMM, or with ageing. Micro-CT analysis revealed significant decreases in SCB thickness, epiphyseal trabecular number, and thickness in the medial compartment of Socs2 -/-, in comparison with WT (p < 0.001). DMM had no effect on the SCB thickness in comparison with sham in either genotype. Conclusion Together, these data suggest that enhanced GH signalling through SOCS2 deletion accelerates growth plate fusion, however this has no effect on OA vulnerability in this model. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(3):162–170.