bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between patient age, microcirculation, and coronary stenosis assessment with fractional flow reserve and instantaneous wave‐free ratio
Authors: Mejia‐Renteria Hernan , Faria Daniel , Lee Joo Myung , Lee Seung Hun , Jung Ji‐Hyun , Doh Joon‐Hyung , Nam Chang‐Wook , Shin Eun‐Seok , Hoshino Masahiro , Sugiyama Tomoyo , Kanaji Yoshihisa , Gonzalo Nieves , Kakuta Tsunekazu , Koo Bon‐Kwon , Escaned Javier 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the effect of aging on coronary stenosis functional assessment with fractional flow reserve (FFR) and instantaneous wave‐free ratio (iFR).BackgroundLimited data exist regarding the impact of patient age on these coronary pressure indices.MethodsWe analyzed 514 patients with coronary stenosis interrogated with intravascular physiology. The influence of patient age on FFR, iFR, and microcirculation‐related indices was investigated. Vessel‐oriented composite outcome (VOCO) was assessed in the FFR‐based deferred population according to iFR, coronary flow reserve (CFR), and age.ResultsFFR increased (r = 0.128, p = 0.004), iFR remained unchanged (r = −0.001, p = 0.980), and CFR decreased (r = −0.095, p = 0.001) with patient age. Relationship between FFR and CFR differed across age groups (r = 0.263 in <60 years old vs. r = 0.124 in ≥60 years old, p = 0.0056), whereas iFR correlated to CFR similarly regardless age (r = 0.283 in <60 years old vs. r = 0.219 in ≥60 years old, p = 0.3781). No differences were found on angiographic stenosis severity (%DS 47.4 in <60 years old and 49.8 in ≥60 years old, p = 0.317). At 5 years, FFR‐based revascularisation deferral in patients ≥60 years old was associated with more VOCO when either iFR (25%) or CFR (16.9%) were abnormal, compared to patients with normal iFR (6.3%) or normal CFR (4.6%) (log‐rank p < 0.001). This difference in clinical outcomes was not observed in younger patients.ConclusionsFFR values increased progressively with patient age, potentially associated with age‐related changes in the coronary microcirculation. Conversely, iFR values remained unchanged across the patient age spectrum. In ≥60 years old patients with revascularisation deferral based on FFR, both abnormal iFR and CFR values were associated with worse long‐term patient outcomes.
Admission high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein levels improve the Grace risk score prediction on in‐hospital outcomes in acute myocardial infarction patients
Authors: Lin Xiao Long , Sun Hao Xuan , Li Fan Qi , Zhao Jin Yang , Zhao Dong Hui , Liu Jing Hua , Fan Qian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundAcute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the main cause of death and disability in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Both the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (Grace) score and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) were associated with prognosis in patients with AMI. However, whether the addition of the hs‐CRP to Grace risk score could improve the predictive power of Grace risk score on the prognosis of patients with AMI is unclear.Hypothesis: We hypothesized that the inclusion of hs‐CRP in the Grace risk score could improve the ability to correctly distinguish the occurrence of in‐hospital outcomes.MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled 1804 patients with AMI in the final analysis. Patients were divided into four groups by hs‐CRP quartiles. The relation between hs‐CRP and Grace risk score was analyzed by Spearman rank correlation. Logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors. The predictive value of hs‐CRP add to Grace risk score was evaluated by C‐statistic, net reclassification improvement (NRI), integrated differentiation improvement (IDI), calibration plot, and decision curve analysis.ResultsThe hs‐CRP and Grace risk score had a significantly positive correlation (r = .191, p < .001). hs‐CRP combined with Grace risk score could improve the ability of Grace risk score alone to correctly redistinguish the occurrence of in‐hospital outcome (C‐statistic = 0.819, p < .001; NRI = 0.05956, p = .007; IDI = 0.0757, p < .001).ConclusionAdmission hs‐CRP level was a significant independent risk factor for in‐hospital outcomes in patients with AMI. The inclusion of hs‐CRP in the Grace risk score could improve the ability to correctly distinguish the occurrence of in‐hospital outcomes.
Association between brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease in different age groups
Authors: Sang Da Sen , Zhang Qi , Song Da , Tao Jie , Wu Shou Ling , Li Yong Jun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the association between brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) in different age groups.MethodsA total of 39 417 people, receiving Kailuan physical examination, completing baPWV examination from 2010 to 2017, with no history of CVD and atrial fibrillation, were selected as the observation objects. The population was categorized into one age group per 10 years, namely the <50, 50–59, 60–69, 70–79, and ≥80‐year‐old groups, and the total population, and each group was further assigned into three classes according to the triple quartiles of baPWV. Kaplan–Meier method helped to calculate the cumulative incidence of CVD in different age groups. The effect of baPWV on CVD in different age groups was evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards regression model.ResultsKaplan–Meier survival curve indicated statistical significance (p < .05) in the cumulative incidence of CVD among the whole population, <50, 50–59, and 60–69‐year‐old groups, while the cumulative incidence of end‐point events among the baPWV subgroups of 70–79 and ≥80‐year‐old groups exhibited no statistical significance (p > .05). Compared with baPWV in the Q1 group, hazard ratio value (95% confidence interval [CI]) of CVD in the Q3 group was 4.14 (95% CI: 2.98–5.75) in the total population, 2.98 (95% CI: 1.08–8.21) in <50‐year‐old population, 4.49 (95% CI: 2.89–7.00) in 50–59‐year‐old population, 2.78 (95% CI: 1.76–4.39) in 60–69‐year‐old population, 1.39 (95% CI: 0.86–2.24) in 70–79‐year‐old population, and 1.15 (95% CI: 0.55–2.41) in ≥80‐year‐old population.ConclusionCVD risk attributed to increased arterial stiffness reduces with age.
Improved survival of patients with myelofibrosis in the last decade: Single‐center experience
Authors: Masarova Lucia , Bose Prithviraj , Pemmaraju Naveen , Daver Naval G. , Sasaki Koji , Chifotides Helen T. , Zhou Lingsha , Kantarjian Hagop M. , Estrov Zeev , Verstovsek Srdan 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundThe management of myelofibrosis (MF) has changed over the last several years and could have an impact on patient outcome. This study evaluates the survival of patients with MF at the authors' institution to determine whether it changed in the last decade.MethodsThis retrospective study consists of 844 patients (64% male; median age, 66 years; range, 20‐90 years) who were examined between 2000 and 2020 with a new diagnosis of MF. Only patients with available marrow biopsy who had reticulin fibrosis of grade 2 or higher were included. Patients were compared by year of presentation: 2000‐2010 (n = 373) and 2011‐2020 (n = 471).ResultsA statistically significant improvement in median survival in the last decade was noted: from 48 months (95% CI, 42‐54 months) to 63 months (95% CI, 55‐71 months) (P < .001; HR, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.64‐0.95]). Improved survival was observed also in patients 65 years old or older and those having intermediate 2 or high‐risk Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring System (DIPSS) or DIPSS‐Plus risk scores. Among 532 patients treated with MF‐directed therapy, patients exposed to JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib had superior outcomes with median overall survival of 84 months (95% CI, 70‐94 months).ConclusionsThe results demonstrate that survival of patients with MF has improved in the last decade. This improvement is likely due to increased disease awareness, advances in supportive care, and the development of effective treatments.
Deep‐learning‐based seizure detection and prediction from electroencephalography signals
Authors: Ibrahim Fatma E. , Emara Heba M. , El‐Shafai Walid , Elwekeil Mohamed , Rihan Mohamed , Eldokany Ibrahim M. , Taha Taha E. , El‐Fishawy Adel S. , El‐Rabaie El‐Sayed M. , Abdellatef Essam , Abd El‐Samie Fathi E. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractElectroencephalography (EEG) is among the main tools used for analyzing and diagnosing epilepsy. The manual analysis of EEG must be conducted by highly trained clinicians or neuro‐physiologists; a process that is considered to have a comparatively low inter‐rater agreement. Furthermore, the new data interpretation consumes an excessive amount of time and resources. Hence, an automatic seizure detection and prediction system can improve the quality of patient care in terms of shortening the diagnosis period, reducing manual errors, and automatically detecting debilitating events. Moreover, for patient treatment, it is important to alert the patients of epilepsy seizures prior to seizure occurrence. Various distinguished studies presented good solutions for two‐class seizure detection problems with binary classification scenarios. To deal with these challenges, this paper puts forward effective approaches for EEG signal classification for normal, pre‐ictal, and ictal activities. Three models are presented for the classification task. Two of them are patient‐specific, while the third one is patient non‐specific, which makes it better for the general classification tasks. The two‐class classification is implemented between normal and pre‐ictal activities for seizure prediction and between normal and ictal activities for seizure detection. A more generalized three‐class classification framework is considered to identify all EEG signal activities. The first model depends on a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with residual blocks. It contains thirteen layers with four residual learning blocks. It works on spectrograms of EEG signal segments. The second model depends on a CNN with three layers. It also works on spectrograms. On the other hand, the third model depends on Phase Space Reconstruction (PSR) to eliminate the limitations of the spectrograms used in the first models. A five‐layer CNN is used with this strategy. The advantage of the PSR is the direct projection from the time domain, which keeps the main trend of different signal activities. The third model deals with all signal activities, and it was tested for all patients of the CHB‐MIT dataset. It has a superior performance compared to the first models and the state‐of‐the‐art models.
Improved Battery Cycle Life Prediction Using a Hybrid Data‐Driven Model Incorporating Linear Support Vector Regression and Gaussian
Authors: Alipour Mohammad , Tavallaey Shiva Sander , Andersson Anna M. , Brandell Daniel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe ability to accurately predict lithium‐ion battery life‐time already at an early stage of battery usage is critical for ensuring safe operation, accelerating technology development, and enabling battery second‐life applications. Many models are unable to effectively predict battery life‐time at early cycles due to the complex and nonlinear degrading behavior of lithium‐ion batteries. In this study, two hybrid data‐driven models, incorporating a traditional linear support vector regression (LSVR) and a Gaussian process regression (GPR), were developed to estimate battery life‐time at an early stage, before more severe capacity fading, utilizing a data set of 124 battery cells with lifetimes ranging from 150 to 2300 cycles. Two type of hybrid models, here denoted as A and B, were proposed. For each of the models, we achieved 1.1 % (A) and 1.4 % (B) training error, and similarly, 8.3 % (A) and 8.2 % (B) test error. The two key advantages are that the error percentage is kept below 10 % and that very low error values for the training and test sets were observed when utilizing data from only the first 100 cycles.The proposed method thus appears highly promising for predicting battery life during early cycles.
Development of a Generic Physiologically‐Based Pharmacokinetic Model for Lactation and Prediction of Maternal and Infant Exposure to Ondansetron via Breast Milk
Authors: Job Kathleen M. , Dallmann André , Parry Samuel , Saade George , Haas David M. , Hughes Brenna , Berens Pamela , Chen Jia‐Yu , Fu Christina , Humphrey Kelsey , Hornik Christoph , Balevic Stephen , Zimmerman Kanecia , Watt Kevin 
Published: January 2022

Ondansetron is commonly used in breastfeeding mothers to treat nausea and vomiting. There is limited information in humans regarding safety of ondansetron exposure to nursing infants and no adequate study looking at ondansetron pharmacokinetics during lactation. We developed a generic physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic lactation model for small molecule drugs and applied this model to predict ondansetron transfer into breast milk and characterize infant exposure. Drug‐specific model inputs were parameterized using data from the literature. Population‐specific inputs were derived from a previously conducted systematic literature review of anatomic and physiologic changes in postpartum women. Model predictions were evaluated using ondansetron plasma and breast milk concentration data collected prospectively from 78 women in the Commonly Used Drugs During Lactation and infant Exposure (CUDDLE) study. The final model predicted breast milk and plasma exposures following a single 4 mg dose of intravenous ondansetron in 1,000 simulated women who were 2 days postpartum. Model predictions showed good agreement with observed data. Breast milk median prediction error (MPE) was 18.4% and median absolute prediction error (MAPE) was 53.0%. Plasma MPE was 32.5% and MAPE was 43.2%. The model‐predicted daily and relative infant doses were 0.005 mg/kg/day and 3.0%, respectively. This model adequately predicted ondansetron passage into breast milk. The calculated low relative infant dose indicates that mothers receiving ondansetron can safely breastfeed. The model building blocks and population database are open‐source and can be adapted to other drugs.
Safe from sunburn: The divergent diel pattern of a Hydrophis sea snake
Authors: Bessesen Brooke , González‐Suárez Manuela 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDiel activity patterns are an important aspect of wildlife ecology and evolution and provide valuable information for conservation and monitoring, yet for many species, activity patterns remain unstudied and may be presumed to mirror related taxa. Here, we describe the distinct diel patterns of an endemic population of venomous sea snakes Hydrophis platurus xanthos inhabiting a narrow range (circa 320 km2) in Golfo Dulce, Costa Rica. To investigate, we conducted a systematic visual survey over five 24‐h cycles and evaluated 339 h of previously obtained sighting data from different studies spanning a decade. While sporadic diurnal surfacing does occur, mostly for respiration, our observations revealed marked crepuscular peaks with regular surfacing through the night. We also report on observed surface behaviors that were also found to vary in frequency at different phases of the photoperiodic cycle. In particular, we show feeding as more common at night. Hydrophis platurus xanthos has developed a circadian rhythm that differs noticeably from its taxonomic parent (H. p. platurus is reported as diurnal across its Indo‐Pacific range), and no congeners have been categorized as crepuscular. Our work thus contributes to the ecological knowledge of this evolutionarily distinct marine elapid and offers insights into the potential role of environmental conditions in shaping animal activity.
Reproduction ecology of an emerging fishery resource, the amphibious mudskipper Periophthalmus chrysospilos, in the Mekong Delta
Authors: Dinh Quang Minh , Nguyen Ton Huu Duc , Lam Tran Thi Huyen , Truong Ngon Trong , Nguyen Tien Thi Kieu , Jaafar Zeehan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPopulations of Periophthalmus chrysospilos, the Gold‐spotted mudskipper, within the Mekong Delta are facing extirpation risks due to indiscriminate harvesting for the growing aquarium and food‐fish trade. This study provides some of the first information on reproductive ecology—such as spawning type and season, length at first maturity, and batch fecundity—of this species, to be used in their management. The sex ratio of wild populations, based on 1031 individuals (523 males and 508 females) is 1:1. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) values are exhibit a non‐normal distribution and changed with gender, season, and site. A combination of GSIs and the monthly appearance of mature gonads suggest that this species reproduces throughout the year, with peak from July to October. This species exhibits sexual and spatial variation in size at first maturity (Lm) as Lm is 6.2–8.6 cm in males and 6.4–7.3 cm in females. The batch fecundity (F = 2614 to 23,465 eggs/female) exhibits non‐normal distribution and varies with site, with the highest values at Dam Doi, Ca Mau (13,336 ± 1,279 SE) and the lowest at Tran De, Soc Trang (6654 ± 851 SE). In addition, batch fecundity is directly proportional to body size due to high determination relationships between batch fecundity and fish size (r2 > 0.64 for all cases). Information derived on the reproductive biology of this species can inform its conservation, sustainable exploitation, and ex situ propagation.
Biodiversity influences the effects of oil disturbance on coastal ecosystems
Authors: Zerebecki Robyn A. , Heck Kenneth L. , Valentine John F. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBiodiversity can enhance the response of ecosystems to disturbance. However, whether diversity can reduce the ecological effect of human‐induced novel and extreme disturbances is unclear. In April 2010, the Deepwater Horizon (DwH) platform exploded, allowing an uncontrolled release of crude oil into the northern Gulf of Mexico. Initial surveys following the spill found that ecological impacts on coastal ecosystems varied greatly across habitat‐type and trophic group; however, to date, few studies have tested the influence of local biodiversity on these responses. We used a meta‐analytic approach to synthesize the results of 5 mesocosm studies that included 10 independent oil experiments and 5 independent oil + dispersant experiments. We tested whether biodiversity increased the resistance and/or resilience of coastal ecosystems to oil disturbance and whether a biodiversity effect depended on the type of diversity present (taxonomic or genetic) and/or the response type measured (population, community, or ecosystem level). We found that diversity can influence the effects of oiling, but the direction and magnitude of this diversity effect varied. Diversity reduced the negative impact of oiling for within‐trophic‐level responses and tended to be stronger for taxonomic than genetic diversity. Further, diversity effects were largely driven by the presence of highly resistant or quick to recover taxa and genotypes, consistent with the insurance hypothesis. However, we found no effect of diversity on the response to the combination of oil and dispersant exposure. We conclude that areas of low biodiversity may be particularly vulnerable to future oil disturbances and provide insight into the benefit of incorporating multiple measures of diversity in restoration projects and management decisions.
Generating Monofluoro‐Substituted Amines and Amino Acids by the Interaction of Inexpensive KF and Sulfamidates
Authors: Zeng Jun‐Liang , Xu Zhi‐Hong , Niu Liang‐Feng , Yao Chuan , Liang Lu‐Lu , Zou Yu‐Lu , Yang Lijun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe regioselective ring‐opening of 1,2‐ and 1,3‐sulfamidates with fluorine anion is reported. Direct construction of monofluoro‐substituted amines and amino acid derivatives using inexpensive and easily available potassium fluoride (KF). The monofluorination process only needs 35 minutes under heating, which will be an attractive route for the synthesis of the PET fluorine‐18 radiotracer. The application of the product can be extended to the construction of fluorinated polypeptides after simple deprotection treatment.
Tea processing steps affect chemical compositions, enzyme activities, and antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activities of coffee leaves
Authors: Ding Jian , Mei Suhuan , Gao Ling , Wang Qiang , Ma Haile , Chen Xiumin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCoffee leaves have been processed into a tea‐like beverage; however, how tea processing steps affect the chemical compositions and the bioactivities remain unknown. In the present study, the impacts of tea processing steps on the proximate compositions, phytochemicals, enzyme activities, and the antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activities of coffee leaves were investigated. The results showed that although soluble protein, soluble sugar, and phenolics were increased during withering, they were gradually decreased in the sequential processing steps associated with the decreases in the antioxidant activity and nitric oxide inhibitory activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced RAW264.7 cells. Coffee leaves treated with the kill‐green process possessed greater phenolics and antioxidant activity compared with the no kill‐green counterparts due to the lower polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activities found in the no kill‐green coffee leaves. Coffee leaves significantly inhibited the expressions of proteins (tumor necrosis factor‐alpha [TNF‐α] and prostaglandin E2 [PGE‐2]) proteins and genes (inducible nitric oxide synthase [iNOS] and cyclooxygenase 2 [COX‐2]); however, tea processing steps have lesser effects on the anti‐inflammatory activity. Our study indicated that kill‐green is the crucial processing step to affect the phenolic composition and bioactivity of coffee leaf tea processed with the kill‐green process; however, for the coffee leaves processed without the kill‐green process, rolling and fermentation are the key influencing steps.
Neural oscillations track recovery of consciousness in acute traumatic brain injury patients
Authors: Frohlich Joel , Crone Julia S. , Johnson Micah A. , Lutkenhoff Evan S. , Spivak Norman M. , Dell'Italia John , Hipp Joerg F. , Shrestha Vikesh , Ruiz Tejeda Jesús E. , Real Courtney , Vespa Paul M. , Monti Martin M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractElectroencephalography (EEG), easily deployed at the bedside, is an attractive modality for deriving quantitative biomarkers of prognosis and differential diagnosis in severe brain injury and disorders of consciousness (DOC). Prior work by Schiff has identified four dynamic regimes of progressive recovery of consciousness defined by the presence or absence of thalamically‐driven EEG oscillations. These four predefined categories (ABCD model) relate, on a theoretical level, to thalamocortical integrity and, on an empirical level, to behavioral outcome in patients with cardiac arrest coma etiologies. However, whether this theory‐based stratification of patients might be useful as a diagnostic biomarker in DOC and measurably linked to thalamocortical dysfunction remains unknown. In this work, we relate the reemergence of thalamically‐driven EEG oscillations to behavioral recovery from traumatic brain injury (TBI) in a cohort of N = 38 acute patients with moderate‐to‐severe TBI and an average of 1 week of EEG recorded per patient. We analyzed an average of 3.4 hr of EEG per patient, sampled to coincide with 30‐min periods of maximal behavioral arousal. Our work tests and supports the ABCD model, showing that it outperforms a data‐driven clustering approach and may perform equally well compared to a more parsimonious categorization. Additionally, in a subset of patients (N = 11), we correlated EEG findings with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) connectivity between nodes in the mesocircuit—which has been theoretically implicated by Schiff in DOC—and report a trend‐level relationship that warrants further investigation in larger studies.