bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variation in heart rate range by 24‐h Holter monitoring predicts heart failure in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Oikawa Jun , Fukaya Hidehira , Ishii Shunsuke , Nabeta Takeru , Nakamura Hironori , Ishizue Naruya , Kitasato Lisa , Kishihara Jun , Yamaoka‐Tojo Minako , Niwano Shinichi , Ako Junya 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsThe analysis of heart rate (HR) changes, such as the HR variability or HR turbulence, has been reported as a marker of cardiovascular events during sinus rhythm; however, those relationships during atrial fibrillation (AF) remain controversial, and those parameters are not commonly used in AF patients. We sought to investigate the relationship between a simple index focused on the HR and heart failure (HF) events in patients with permanent AF.Methods and resultsWe enrolled 198 patients with permanent AF and evaluated the HR range, defined as the maximum HR minus the minimum HR on 24‐h Holter electrocardiogram recordings. The patients were divided into two groups, i.e., the larger (n = 101) and smaller (n = 97) HR range (HRR) groups, determined by the median value. The HF events were defined as hospitalizations for HF or urgent hospital visits due to exacerbations of one's HF status. The observation period of this study was set at 5 years from registration. The median age was 73 (68–77) years, and 29% were female. The median HRR was 84 (63–118) beats per minutes (bpm). During the observational period of 1825 days (median), HF events occurred in 37 (0.047 per patient‐year) patients. In a log‐rank test, the larger HRR group had more frequent HF events than the smaller HRR group (P = 0.0078). In the adjusted Cox proportional hazards model using the significantly different factors from the univariate analysis (Model 1) and factors and medications associated with HF (Model 2), the larger HRR group had a higher prevalence of HF events than the smaller HRR group for both models [Model 1, adjusted hazard ratio = 3.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.593–6.708, P = 0.0009; Model 2, adjusted hazard ratio = 3.12, 95% CI 1.522–6.685, P = 0.002]. When analysed using the time‐dependent Cox proportional hazards model, the HRR was associated with HF with a statistically significant difference in both the univariate and multivariate analyses [hazard ratio = 1.01, 95% CI 1.006–1.020, P = 0.0002; Model 1, adjusted hazard ratio = 1.02, 95% CI 1.011–1.027, P < 0.0001; Model 2, adjusted hazard ratio = 1.01, 95% CI 1.008–1.021, P = 0.0003). There was no significant difference in the chronotropic medications between the two groups.ConclusionsIn patients with permanent AF, a larger HRR was associated with HF events.
Risk factors of short‐term, intermediate‐term, and long‐term cardiac events in patients hospitalized for HFmrEF
Authors: Zhu Yunlong , Peng Xin , Wu Mingxin , Huang Haobo , Li Na , Chen Yongliang , Xiao Sha , Zhang Hui , Zhou Yuying , Chen Sihao , Liu Zhican , Yi Liqing , Peng Yiqun , Fan Jie , Zeng Jianping 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsClinical data on the prognostic determinants over varying periods within the same cohort of heart failure with mid‐range or mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) remain scarce. This study aimed to identify the short‐term, intermediate‐term, and long‐term risk factors of adverse cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in patients hospitalized for HFmrEF.Methods and resultsThis retrospective study included 1691 consecutive HFmrEF patients admitted to our hospital between January 2015 and August 2020. Baseline data including clinical characteristics, laboratory and cardiac imaging examinations were obtained. Patients completed at least 1 year clinical follow‐up after discharge by telephone interview, clinical visit, or community visit. The primary endpoint was defined as a composite of CV death or rehospitalization for heart failure (CV events) at 3, 12, and 33 months after the diagnosis of HFmrEF. Mean age of the whole cohort was 69 (61–77) years and 64.8% were male. The median clinical follow‐up was 33 (20–50) months. CV events were 17.5%, 28.2%, and 57.8% at 3, 12, and 33 months after discharge, respectively. Independent risk factors for CV events were uric acid >382 μmol/L, creatinine >100 μmol/L, N‐terminal pro‐B type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) > 3368 pg/mL and haemoglobin <120 g/L for men and <110 g/L for women at 3 and 12 months. Pulmonary artery systolic pressure >35 mmHg and the ratio of early transmitral flow velocity to early mitral annular velocity >18 served as independent risk factors for CV events at 12 months. At 33 months, uric acid > 382 μmol/L, NT‐proBNP >3368 pg/mL, and pulmonary artery systolic pressure >35 mmHg were the independent risk factors of CV events.ConclusionsHigher uric acid, creatinine, NT‐proBNP, and lower haemoglobin levels at baseline are valuable serum biomarkers for risk stratification of short‐term and long‐term CV outcomes of HFmrEF patients. Future studies are needed to verify if intensive heart failure therapy for identified high‐risk HFmrEF patients based on these four serum biomarkers could improve their short‐term and long‐term CV outcomes or not.
Prognostic importance of improving hepatorenal function during hospitalization in acute decompensated heart failure
Authors: Mizobuchi Saki , Saito Yuki , Fujito Hidesato , Miyagawa Masatsugu , Kitano Daisuke , Toyama Kazuto , Fukamachi Daisuke , Okumura Yasuo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsThe Model for End‐stage Liver Disease eXcluding International normalized ratio (MELD‐XI) is an established scoring system that reflects hepatorenal function. However, little is known about the prognostic value of changes in MELD‐XI score during hospitalization in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF).Methods and resultsWe prospectively analysed 536 patients admitted for ADHF between January 2018 and December 2019. In the MELD‐XI, 9.44 is the lowest possible score and considered to be normal, and values above 9.44 are classified as high. We calculated MELD‐XI scores at admission and discharge and used them to divide patients into four groups depending on whether the score was high (>9.44) or normal (9.44) at each time point as follows: normal score at both measurements (persistently normal group, n = 99), high score at admission and normal score at discharge (high‐to‐normal group, n = 108), normal score at admission and high score at discharge (normal‐to‐high group, n = 24), and high score at both measurements (persistently high group, n = 305). The persistently high group had higher blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide levels at both admission and discharge and significantly higher left ventricular end‐diastolic, left atrial, right ventricular end‐diastolic, and maximal inferior vena cava diameters at discharge. During the median follow‐up period of 369 days (Q1, Q3: 97, 576), 231 (43.1%) patients reached the primary endpoint (a composite of all‐cause death or re‐hospitalization for heart failure). The Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed a significantly higher composite event rate in the persistently high group than in the persistently normal and high‐to‐normal groups (log‐rank test, P < 0.001). Compared with the persistently high group, the high‐to‐normal group remained significantly associated with lower composite event risk after multivariate adjustment (hazard ratio, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.12–0.69; P = 0.004).ConclusionsOur study suggests that changes in hepatorenal function during hospitalization are associated with the severity of heart failure and systemic congestion and that they provide useful information for predicting clinical outcomes in patients with ADHF.
Association of gut‐specific non‐inflammatory T lymphocytes with chronic anorexia nervosa and constitutional thinness
Authors: Gabriel Tristan , Massoubre Catherine , Hanachi Mouna , Doré Joel , Lambert Claude , Germain Natacha , Galusca Bogdan , Paul Stephane 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivePrevious studies of AN showed low‐grade inflammation. Are low‐grade inflammation and circulating lymphocytes associated with chronic conditions?MethodPeripheric blood cytokines were measured using Luminex™ technology in a chronic AN cohort (mean = 67.42 months), compared to Constitutional Thinness (CT), Constitutional Obesity (CO), and Healthy Controls (HC). Secondarily a prospective cohort of chronic AN (mean = 54.11 months) was recruited to compare the functional lymphocyte profile in blood by flow cytometry to CT and HC.ResultsIn the AN group, most cytokine concentrations were lower than in CT and HC groups. The IL‐23 (98.02 pg/ml) was elevated related to HC and CO, and the IL‐10 (4.178 pg/ml) was elevated versus CO. In the CT group, IL‐9 (0.06216 pg/ml) was elevated compared to AN. The AN group had high Treg (9.259% of CD4+) and CD8+Integrinβ7+ (9.552% of CD3+) versus HC for lymphocyte populations. In CT group, elevated Treg (9.7% of CD4+) elevated percentage of CD4+CCR9+ (5.867% of CD3+) and CD8+Integrinβ7+ (10.21% of CD3+) were found versus HC.ConclusionsThe chronic state of AN and CT is surprisingly non‐inflammatory with elevated Treg cells. These results suggest that maintaining a dysregulated response to intestinal antigens may contribute to maintaining AN.
Caring for a child with an eating disorder: Understanding differences among mothers and fathers of adolescent and adult children
Authors: Stillar Amanda , Merali Noorfarah , Gusella Joanna , Scarborough Jennifer , Nash Patricia , Orr Emily , Henderson Katherine , Mayman Shari , Files Natasha , Lafrance Adele 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigated treatment‐engagement fears, self‐efficacy, and accommodating and enabling in mothers and fathers of adolescent and adult children with eating disorders.MethodsThis study involved a secondary analysis of pre‐treatment data from a subsample of 143 parents (95 mothers; 48 fathers) from a Canada‐wide multi‐site study. Parents completed the Caregiver Traps Scale, Parents Versus Anorexia Scale, and the Accommodation and Enabling Scale for Eating Disorders. Data were analysed using factorial Multivariate Analysis of Variance and mediation via multiple regression.ResultsMothers reported higher levels of treatment‐engagement fears than fathers. Among mothers, higher fear predicted lower self‐efficacy and more accommodating and enabling behaviours. Among fathers, neither fear nor self‐efficacy predicted accommodating and enabling. No differences in treatment‐engagement fear or self‐efficacy between parents of adolescent child and adult children were found at pre‐treatment.ConclusionsMothers' and fathers' experience different levels of fear related to their involvement in their ill‐child's treatment at pre‐treatment, and that fear is uniquely related to variables that impact treatment outcomes. There is a need to support parents even when their child is an adult. This study can inform family‐based treatments vis‐a‐vis tailoring interventions for mothers and fathers and providing support to parents of children with eating disorders across the lifespan.
Interest rate uncertainty and the predictability of bank revenues
Authors: Cepni Oguzhan , Demirer Riza , Gupta Rangan , Sensoy Ahmet 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the predictive power of interest rate uncertainty over pre‐provision net revenues (PPNR) in a large panel of bank holding companies (BHC). Utilizing a linear dynamic panel model based on Bayes predictor, we show that supplementing forecasting models with interest rate uncertainty improves the forecasting performance with the augmented model yielding lower forecast errors in comparison to a baseline model which includes unemployment rate, federal funds rate, and spread variables. Further separating PPNRs into two components that reflect net interest and non‐interest income, we show that the predictive power of interest rate uncertainty is concentrated on the non‐interest component of bank revenues. Finally, examining the point predictions under a severely stressed scenario, we show that the model can successfully predict the negative effect on overall bank revenues with a rise in the non‐interest component of income during 2009:Q1. Overall, the findings suggest that stress testing exercises that involve bank revenue models can benefit from the inclusion of interest rate uncertainty and the cross‐sectional information embedded in the panel of BHCs.
Changes in behavioral activities and transition of depressive symptoms among younger‐old community‐dwelling adults during 6 years: An age‐specific prospective cohort study
Authors: Shan Yifan , Zhao Wenjing , Hao Wen , Kimura Takashi , Ukawa Shigekazu , Ohira Hideki , Kawamura Takashi , Wakai Kenji , Ando Masahiko , Tamakoshi Akiko 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveRegular engagement in behavioral activities plays a crucial role against depressive symptoms in older adults. This study aims to explore the relationship between behavioral activities and the temporal evolution of depressive symptoms.MethodsWe included community‐dwelling Japanese adults aged 64 or 65 years with and without depressive symptoms enrolled in the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation (NISSIN) project. Depressive symptoms at baseline and follow‐up were assessed using the 15‐item Geriatric Depression Scale. Behavioral activities were measured by self‐reported questions. Risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using modified Poisson regression, adjusting for relevant sociodemographic variables and health‐related confounders.ResultsDuring the 6 year follow‐up period, 139 (10.1%) without depressive symptoms at baseline developed such symptoms over time, while 174 (51.6%) with depressive symptoms improved to the point of these symptoms being absent. The participants without depressive symptoms at baseline and those who engaged in social activity or daily walking at a continued regular frequency (CRF) or an increased frequency (IF) and exercise habits at CRF were the least likely to have depressive symptoms onset at follow‐up. There was no significant difference between the changes in behavioral activities and the improvement of depressive symptoms after controlling for confounders. Participants engaging in a greater variety of behavioral activities at CRF were less likely to experience a new onset of depressive symptoms.ConclusionsConsistent and regular participation in one or more behavioral activities was significantly associated with the onset of depressive symptoms in Japanese community‐dwelling older adults.
Spatial–temporal graph convolutional network for Alzheimer classification based on brain functional connectivity imaging of electroencephalogram
Authors: Shan Xiaocai , Cao Jun , Huo Shoudong , Chen Liangyu , Sarrigiannis Ptolemaios Georgios , Zhao Yifan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFunctional connectivity of the human brain, representing statistical dependence of information flow between cortical regions, significantly contributes to the study of the intrinsic brain network and its functional mechanism. To fully explore its potential in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) using electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings, this article introduces a novel dynamical spatial–temporal graph convolutional neural network (ST‐GCN) for better classification performance. Different from existing studies that are based on either topological brain function characteristics or temporal features of EEG, the proposed ST‐GCN considers both the adjacency matrix of functional connectivity from multiple EEG channels and corresponding dynamics of signal EEG channel simultaneously. Different from the traditional graph convolutional neural networks, the proposed ST‐GCN makes full use of the constrained spatial topology of functional connectivity and the discriminative dynamic temporal information represented by the 1D convolution. We conducted extensive experiments on the clinical EEG data set of AD patients and Healthy Controls. The results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves better classification performance (92.3%) than the state‐of‐the‐art methods. This approach can not only help diagnose AD but also better understand the effect of normal ageing on brain network characteristics before we can accurately diagnose the condition based on resting‐state EEG.
Extreme temperatures during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes: Evidence from 2009 to 2018 U.S. national birth data
Authors: Cil Gulcan , Kim Jiyoon 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe provide the first estimates of the impacts of prenatal exposure to extreme temperatures on infant health at birth using the latest national birth data from 2009 to 2018 from all U.S. states. We consistently find that an additional day with mean temperature greater than 80°F or less than 10°F increases preterm births and low birthweight. Strikingly, the adverse effects are borne disproportionately by Black and Hispanic mothers, suggesting that the projected increase in extreme temperatures may further exacerbate the existing birth health disparities across different race/ethnicity groups. We also contribute by investigating the impact of deviations from the normal weather pattern, to identify the extreme weather events after accounting for the adaptation response. We find that prenatal exposure to extreme heat two standard deviations above county's historic average induces preterm births and NICU admissions, particularly for mothers whose pregnancies overlap with summer months. These results are timely and policy relevant, considering the recent weather trends with rising temperatures and frequent extreme weather events.
Comparative effectiveness and stage‐shift effect of endoscopic exam among newly diagnosed oral cancer patients with different stages in Taiwan
Authors: Ho Chi‐Mei , Chen Yi‐Hsun , Hsu Wen‐Hung , Wang Winnie Yen‐Yun , Yuan Shyng‐Shiou F. , Wu I‐Chen , Hsieh Hui‐Min 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients with oral cancer are at higher risk of developing second primary esophageal cancer (SPEC) and the consensus for screening strategies remains unclear. This study aimed to examine comparative effectiveness and the stage‐shift effect of endoscopic exam among patients with oral cancer.MethodA population‐based longitudinal retrospective observational matched case and control cohort study with at least 5 years follow‐up was conducted. We identified 45 457 newly diagnosed patients with oral cancer, 2004–2013, and the eligible patient with oral cancer was 39 401. Propensity score matching was used to match comparable groups, and the two groups (screening vs. nonscreening) was 5941, individually. The study primary endpoints were to compare detection of incident SPEC and the stage‐shift effect of endoscopic screening between screened and nonscreened incident oral cancer patients. Cox proportional hazard and competing risk models were analyzed. Statistical analyses were conducted in 2020–2021.ResultDetection of incident SPEC in the screened group was significantly higher than in the nonscreened group (hazard ratio: 2.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.29–3.72). The stage‐shift effect from endoscopic screening was found overall in patients with oral cancer (odds ratio [OR]: 0.39, 95%CI: 0.21–0.70), in particular in advanced‐stage patients (OR: 0.25, 95%CI: 0.11–0.61), but not in early‐stage patients (OR: 0.60, 95%CI: 0.26–1.40).ConclusionThis study confirmed that endoscopic screening achieved early detection of SPEC among patients with oral cancer. To improve the screening stage‐shift effect, patients with oral cancer are encouraged to undergo routine endoscopic screening.
Association of the MACROD2 rs6110695 A>G polymorphism with an increasing WBC count in a Korean population
Authors: Yang Jihye , Han Youngmin , Lee Jong Ho , Yoo Hye Jin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionWe aimed to find a novel candidate gene related to the white blood cell (WBC) count in a Korean population. Since WBC count has been reported to have a relation to the risk of chronic diseases according to previous literature, WBC level prediction can be helpful for managing future risk of chronic disease development. In this aspect, a gene newly found in the present study is expected to be utilized as a tool for judging an individual's WBC level.MethodsBased on the 153 study participants' genotype data produced by the Korean Chip. The mono‐adenosine diphosphate ribosylhydrolase 2 (MACROD2) rs6110695 A>G polymorphism had a significant strong association with WBC count, thus, the MACROD2 gene emerged as a novel candidate gene for WBC count. To verify the effects of the single‐nucleotide polymorphisms on WBC count, the participants were grouped according to the rs6110695 AA and AG genotypes.ResultsWBC to apolipoprotein A‐I ratio, WBC count, granulocyte to lymphocyte ratio, monocyte to platelet ratio, and interferon‐γ level were significantly higher in the AG genotype group than in the AA genotype group. Through the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the rs6110695 AA and AG genotypes were discriminated by the optimal WBC count cutoff value of 5.450. As expected, the results in the participants having a WBC count over 5.450 were similar to the AG genotype group.ConclusionsWe revealed that the MACROD2 rs6110695 AG genotype has an association with increasing WBC count. Since, as previous literature described, WBC count is one of the main risk factors for chronic diseases, WBC count measurement in individuals with the rs6110695 AG genotype that was found in the present study may help manage future chronic disease risk.
Synthesis, computer‐aided ADMET prediction, and molecular docking of novel 3,5,6‐trichloropyridin‐2‐yl derivatives as potential antimicrobial agents
Authors: El‐Zemity Saad R. , Badawy Mohamed E. I. , Esmaiel Kareem E. E. , Badr Mai M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract3,5,6‐Trichloropyridin‐2‐yl derivatives were synthesized and tested for antimicrobial activity. The chemical structures were inferred from the correct accurate spectroscopic and analytical data of the 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, and MS techniques. The compounds were examined and screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus (G+), Staphylococcus aureus (G+), Escherichia coli (G−), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (G−). In addition, the compounds were evaluated as candidacidal agents against Candida albicans. Compounds 5, 7, and 8 were superior against bacteria to the standard. In both in vitro experiments and in silico studies, these compounds proved to be the most effective against bacteria and candida. A number of parameters relating to the physicochemical properties, drug‐likeness, and ADMET parameters have been simulated. Lipinski's parameter assessment showed that the synthesized compounds had good permeability in biological membranes and good gastrointestinal absorption (Log S of −4.06 to −5.77 and PSA <140). Molecular docking to the active sites of penicillin‐binding protein 2a (PDB: 1VQQ), and lanosterol 14‐alpha demethylase (PDB 1EA1), as target proteins, revealed that most compounds displayed minimal binding energy and have a good affinity toward the active pocket of each enzyme. This is the first article to describe the antimicrobial properties of 3,5,6‐trichloropyridin‐2‐yl‐based molecules derivatives.