bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Standardization of the FAO/IAEA Flight Test for Quality Control of Sterile Mosquitoes
Authors: Maïga Hamidou , Lu Deng , Mamai Wadaka , Bimbilé Somda Nanwintoum Séverin , Wallner Thomas , Bakhoum Mame Thierno , Bueno Masso Odet , Martina Claudia , Kotla Simran Singh , Yamada Hanano , Salvador Herranz Gustavo , Argiles Herrero Rafael , Chong Chee Seng , Tan Cheong Huat , Bouyer Jeremy 
Published: July 2022

Successful implementation of the sterile insect technique (SIT) against Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus relies on maintaining a consistent release of high-quality sterile males. Affordable, rapid, practical quality control tools based on the male’s flight ability (ability to escape from a flight device) may contribute to meeting this requirement. Therefore, this study aims to standardize the use of the original FAO/IAEA rapid quality control flight test device (FTD) (version 1.0), while improving handling conditions and reducing the device’s overall cost by assessing factors that could impact the subsequent flight ability of Aedes mosquitoes. The new FTD (version 1.1) is easier to use. The most important factors affecting escape rates were found to be tube color (or “shade”), the combined use of a lure and fan, mosquito species, and mosquito age and density (25; 50; 75; 100 males). Other factors measured but found to be less important were the duration of the test (30, 60, 90, 120 min), fan speed (normal 3000 rpm vs. high 6000 rpm), and mosquito strain origin. In addition, a cheaper version of the FTD (version 2.0) that holds eight individual tubes instead of 40 was designed and successfully validated against the new FTD (version 1.1). It was sensitive enough to distinguish between the effects of cold stress and high irradiation dose. Therefore, the eight-tube FTD may be used to assess Aedes’ flight ability. This study demonstrated that the new designs (versions 1.1 and 2.0) of the FTD could be used for standard routine quality assessments of Aedes mosquitoes required for an SIT and other male release-based programs.
Immobilization of Interfacial Activated Candida rugosa Lipase Onto Magnetic Chitosan Using Dialdehyde Cellulose as Cross-Linking Agent
Authors: Wang Shushu , Li Shan , Liu Runtang , Zhang Wei , Xu Huajin , Hu Yi 
Published: July 2022

Candidarugosa lipase (CRL) was activated with surfactants (sodium dodecyl sulfate [SDS]) and covalently immobilized onto a nanocomposite (Fe3O4-CS-DAC) fabricated by combining magnetic nanoparticles Fe3O4 with chitosan (CS) using polysaccharide macromolecule dialdehyde cellulose (DAC) as the cross-linking agent. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray diffraction characterizations confirmed that the organic–inorganic nanocomposite support modified by DAC was successfully prepared. Enzymology experiments confirmed that high enzyme loading (60.9 mg/g) and 1.7 times specific enzyme activity could be obtained under the optimal immobilization conditions. The stability and reusability of immobilized CRL (Fe3O4-CS-DAC-SDS-CRL) were significantly improved simultaneously. Circular dichroism analysis revealed that the active conformation of immobilized CRL was maintained well. Results demonstrated that the inorganic–organic nanocomposite modified by carbohydrate polymer derivatives could be used as an ideal support for enzyme immobilization.
Mouse Strain– and Charge-Dependent Vessel Permeability of Nanoparticles at the Lower Size Limit
Authors: Chen Haoran , Liu Yu-Cheng , Zhang Zhiming , Li Moxin , Du Lidong , Wu Pei-Chun , Chong Wai-How , Ren Fuzeng , Zheng Weiming , Liu Tzu-Ming 
Published: July 2022

Remarkable advancement has been made in the application of nanoparticles (NPs) for cancer therapy. Although NPs have been favorably delivered into tumors by taking advantage of the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect, several physiological barriers present within tumors tend to restrict the diffusion of NPs. To overcome this, one of the strategies is to design NPs that can reach lower size limits to improve tumor penetration without being rapidly cleared out by the body. Several attempts have been made to achieve this, such as selecting appropriate nanocarriers and modifying surface properties. While many studies focus on the optimal design of NPs, the influence of mouse strains on the effectiveness of NPs remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to assess whether the vascular permeability of NPs near the lower size limit differs among mouse strains. We found that the vessel permeability of dextran NPs was size-dependent and dextran NPs with a size below 15 nm exhibited leakage from postcapillary venules in all strains. Most importantly, the leakage rate of 8-nm fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran was significantly higher in the BALB/c mouse strain than in other strains. This strain dependence was not observed in slightly positive TRITC-dextran with comparable sizes. Our results indicate that the influence on mouse strains needs to be taken into account for the evaluation of NPs near the lower size limit.
The Association Between Exposure to Acrylamide and Mortalities of Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Among People With Hyperglycemia
Authors: Wu Huanyu , Sun Xinyi , Jiang Hongyan , Hu Cong , Xu Jiaxu , Sun Changhao , Wei Wei , Han Tianshu , Jiang Wenbo 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundAcrylamide is a common environmental volatile organic compound that humans are frequently exposed to in their daily lives. However, whether exposure to acrylamide is associated with long-term survival in patients with hyperglycemia remains largely unknown.Methods and ResultsA total of 3,601 hyperglycemic people were recruited in this study, including 1,247 people with diabetes and 2,354 people with pre-diabetes, who enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination survey (2003–2004, 2005–2006, and 2013–2014). The acrylamide exposure was measured by the serum hemoglobin adduct of acrylamide (HbAA) and glycidamide (HbGA), and the ratio of HbAA and HbGA (HbAA/HbGA) was calculated, which were all categorized into quintiles. The National Death Index was used to identify the participants' death information until 2015. Cox proportional hazards (CPHs) regression models were performed to examine the survival relationship between these biomarkers and mortality. During the 28,652 person-year follow-up, 268 deaths due to the cardiovascular disease (CVD) were documented. After adjustment for multiple confounders, compared with participants in the lowest quintile of HbAA/HbGA, the participants in the highest quintile were more likely to die due to CVD (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.09–2.39) and all-cause (HR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.25–2.01). Moreover, subgroup analysis showed that the highest quintile of HbAA/HbGA in the people with diabetes or pre-diabetes was related to mortalities risk of CVD (HRdiabetes = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.11–3.31; HRpre−diabetes = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.01–3.14) and all-cause mortality (HRdiabetes = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.27–2.58; HRpre−diabetes = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.14–2.20). Additionally, no significant association between the levels of HbAA or HbGA and CVD mortality was observed among people with diabetes or pre-diabetes.ConclusionHigher levels of HbAA/HbGA are associated with greater mortalities of CVD and all-cause among hyperglycemic people.
Identification and Characterization of Two Novel Compounds: Heterozygous Variants of Lipoprotein Lipase in Two Pedigrees With Type I Hyperlipoproteinemia
Authors: Wang Shuping , Cheng Yiping , Shi Yingzhou , Zhao Wanyi , Gao Ling , Fang Li , Jin Xiaolong , Han Xiaoyan , Sun Qiuying , Li Guimei , Zhao Jiajun , Xu Chao 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundType I hyperlipoproteinemia, characterized by severe hypertriglyceridemia, is caused mainly by loss-of-function mutation of the lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene. To date, more than 200 mutations in the LPL gene have been reported, while only a limited number of mutations have been evaluated for pathogenesis.ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying lipoprotein lipase deficiency in two pedigrees with type 1 hyperlipoproteinemia.MethodsWe conducted a systematic clinical and genetic analysis of two pedigrees with type 1 hyperlipoproteinemia. Postheparin plasma of all the members was used for the LPL activity analysis. In vitro studies were performed in HEK-293T cells that were transiently transfected with wild-type or variant LPL plasmids. Furthermore, the production and activity of LPL were analyzed in cell lysates or culture medium.ResultsProband 1 developed acute pancreatitis in youth, and her serum triglycerides (TGs) continued to be at an ultrahigh level, despite the application of various lipid-lowering drugs. Proband 2 was diagnosed with type 1 hyperlipoproteinemia at 9 months of age, and his serum TG levels were mildly elevated with treatment. Two novel compound heterozygous variants of LPL (c.3G&gt;C, p. M1? and c.835_836delCT, p. L279Vfs*3, c.188C&gt;T, p. Ser63Phe and c.662T&gt;C, p. Ile221Thr) were identified in the two probands. The postheparin LPL activity of probands 1 and 2 showed decreases of 72.22 ± 9.46% (p&lt;0.01) and 54.60 ± 9.03% (p&lt;0.01), respectively, compared with the control. In vitro studies showed a substantial reduction in the expression or enzyme activity of LPL in the LPL variants.ConclusionsTwo novel compound heterozygous variants of LPL induced defects in the expression and function of LPL and caused type I hyperlipoproteinemia. The functional characterization of these variants was in keeping with the postulated LPL mutant activity.
Reappraisal of a 2-cm Cutoff Size for the Management of Nonfunctional Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Yang Zhen , Zhang Dongsheng , Shi Guangjun 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundExpectant observation and aggressive surgery are both recommended for small nonfunctional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NF-PanNETs). However, the optimal management of small NF-PanNETs remains disputable due to the heterogeneous clinical behavior.MethodsPatients who were diagnosed with pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PanNENs) between 2000 and 2018 were identified from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database and reviewed retrospectively. Tumor aggressiveness was defined as poor differentiation, lymph node involvement, liver involvement, and advanced stage. The best cutoff of tumor size associated with tumor aggressiveness was determined through the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify prognostic factors in patients with tumors of ≤2 cm.ResultsA total of 5,172 patients with PanNENs were enrolled, including 1,760 (34.0%) tumors ≤2 cm and 3,412 (66.0%) tumors &gt;2 cm. A 2.5-cm cutoff size was found to be associated with a satisfactory ability in predicting tumor aggressiveness. On multivariate analysis, age, gender, ethnicity, tumor grade, tumor number, and stage were independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) in patients with tumors less than or equal to 2 cm in size. A total of 1,621 patients were diagnosed with NF-PanNETs according to the WHO classification, of whom 1,350 underwent surgery, 271 performed active observation. The OS was significantly better in the surgery group compared to the observation group regardless of propensity score analysis. Additionally, a total of 407 patients were selected based on the multivariate Cox regression analysis, of whom 46 underwent observation, 361 underwent surgery, and the OS was comparable.ConclusionExpectant observation may be a reasonable alternative to aggressive surgical resection in highly selected small NF-PanNET patients. Also, the decision to observe versus surgery should not only be based on tumor size alone but also take into account other important clinicopathological factors.
A Systematic Literature Review on Performance Evaluation of Power System From the Perspective of Sustainability
Authors: Deng Deqiang , Li Chao , Zu Yafei , Liu Lana Yan Jun , Zhang Jiayang , Wen Subin 
Published: July 2022

Sustainability is a comprehensive concept that integrates at least three dimensions of environment, economy and society. The power system is the primary source of greenhouse gas emissions, adversely impacting environmental sustainability. It also generates necessary energy supplies, which promote economic and social sustainable development. Based on the sustainability nature of power system, this study puts forward an improved methodology, namely “Planning-Searching-Screening-Reporting-Reflecting” (PSSRR Cycle) to review the literature systematically on power system performance evaluation from a sustainability perspective over the past 20 years, with the aim of describing the current state of the whole performance evaluation system including the evaluation framework, evaluation indicators and evaluation methods, and providing research suggestions for future research. This study finds in the current literature that the Triple Bottom Line theory is the most commonly used theoretical evaluation framework; environmental and economic sustainability indicators are more emphasized; the DEA and MCDM methods are the more common evaluation methods. This study presents some future research notes, including improving the Sustainable Balanced Scorecard as a sustainable performance evaluation framework, emphasizing more social sustainability indicators, and using a combination of existing evaluation methods to make performance evaluation more efficient and accurate.
Parental Hopes and Understandings of the Value of Prenatal Diagnostic Genomic Sequencing: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Outram Simon M. , Brown Julia E. H. , Zamora Astrid N. , Sahin-Hodoglugil Nuriye , Ackerman Sara L. 
Published: July 2022

Objective: To provide qualitative empirical data on parental expectations of diagnostic prenatal genomic sequencing and the value of the results to families.Methods: We interviewed 15 families—mothers and/or fathers—who had had prenatal genomic sequencing about their expectations and their respective evaluations of the benefits of genomic sequencing.Results: Families’ hopes for genetic sequencing clustered around three themes: hoping to identify the cause of the fetal anomaly in a terminated pregnancy; hopes for guidance as to the likely outcome of current pregnancy; and hopes for information to support future family planning. In addition, hopes were discussed in terms of the potential for results to be beneficial in acquiring greater knowledge, while at the same time recognizing that new knowledge may raise more questions. Assessment of the value of sequencing largely mirrored these expectations when positive results seen. Negative results can also be seen as valuable in ruling out a genetic cause and in providing certainty that families had done everything that they could to know about the cause of fetal demise.Conclusion: It would appear that with guidance from genetic counsellors, families were largely able to navigate the many uncertainties of prenatal genomic sequencing and thus see themselves as benefitting from sequencing. However, support structures are essential to guide them through their expectations and interpretations of results to minimize possible harms. Engaging in the process of genomic sequencing was seen as beneficial in of itself to families who would otherwise be left without any options to seek diagnostic answers.
Prognostic Model and Nomogram Construction and Validation With an Autophagy-Related Gene Signature in Low-Grade Gliomas
Authors: Li Xinrui , Huang Zhiyuan , Zhu Lei , Yu Fei , Feng Minghao , Gu Aiqin , Jiang Jianxin , Wang Guangxue , Huang Dongya 
Published: July 2022

Background: Autophagy plays a vital role in cancer development. However, the prognostic value of autophagy-related genes (ARGs) in low-grade gliomas (LGG) is unclear. This research aimed to investigate whether ARGs correlated with overall survival (OS) in LGG patients.Methods: RNA-sequencing data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) TARGET GTEx database. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis of ARGs were performed by the “clusterprofile” R package. Cox regression with the wald χ2 test was employed to identify prognostic significant ARGs. Next, the receiver operator characteristic curves were established to evaluate the feasibility of risk score (riskscore=h0(t)exp(∑j=1nCoefj×Xj)) and other clinical risk factors to predict prognosis. A nomogram was constructed. Correlations between clinical features and ARGs were further verified by a t-test or Kruskal–Wallis test. In addition, the correlations between autophagy and immune cells were assessed through the single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) and tumor immune estimation resource database. Last, the prediction model was verified by LGG data downloaded from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database.Results: Overall, 35 DE-ARGs were identified. Functional enrichment analysis showed that these genes were mainly related to oxidative stress and regulation of autophagy. Nine ARGs (BAX, BIRC5, CFLAR, DIRAS3, GRID2, MAPK9, MYC, PTK6, and TP53) were significantly associated with OS. Age (Hazard ratio (HR) = 1.063, 95% CI: 1.046–1.080), grade (HR = 3.412, 95% CI: 2.164–5.379), histological type (HR = 0.556, 95% CI: 0.346–0.893), and risk score (HR = 1.135, 95% CI: 1.104–1.167) were independent prognostic risk factors (all p &lt; 0.05). In addition, BIRC5, CFLAR, DIRAS3, TP53, and risk scores were found to correlate significantly with age and tumor grade (all p &lt; 0.05). Immune cell enrichment analysis demonstrated that the types of immune cells and their expression levels in the high-risk group were significantly different from those in the low-risk group (all p &lt; 0.05). A prognostic nomogram was constructed to predict 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival, and the prognostic value of sorted ARGs were verified in the CGGA database and clinical samples.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the 9 DE-ARGs’ risk score model could serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. The prognostic nomograms could be useful for individualized survival prediction and improved treatment strategies.
Stirring the Deep, Disentangling the Complexity: Report on the Third Species of Thermochiton (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) From Haima Cold Seeps
Authors: Wang Hao , Liu Huijie , Wang Xiaowei , Zhang Junlong , Sirenko Boris I. , Liu Chuanyu , Dong Dong , Li Xinzheng 
Published: July 2022

This study documents a new deep-sea chiton from the Haima cold seeps.Thermochiton xui. nov. is the third species of the genusThermochitonand the first occurrence of this genus in the South China Sea. This species is identified by its morphological characteristics and the molecular sequence of aThermochitonspecies is reported for the first time. The placement of the new species is determined in the phylogenetic tree of Ischnochitonidae by Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods, based on the sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), 16S ribosomal DNA (16S), and nuclear 28S ribosomal DNA (28S) gene regions. Bayesian evolutionary analysis with an uncorrelated relaxed clock approach indicated that this new species is estimated to have diverged from its most closely related shallow-water ischnochitonid taxa 5.10–10.07 million years ago in the Late Miocene. A regional ocean general circulation model was used to estimate the potential dispersal ability of the three species of Thermochiton. Because it is highly unlikely for one species to have spread between the northwest and southwest Pacific to the localities in which this genus has been found to date, we propose that ‘stepping-stone’ habitats and/or ‘bridge species’ were involved in the dispersal and evolution of these cold-seep endemic chitons.The ZooBank Life Science Identifier (LSID) for this publication is: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:AD93E4BC-2977-405E-B681-D956C5C66D83. And the ISID for Thermochiton xui sp. nov. is: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0C75D2E3-F30E-4970-9BC2-3363B397720C.
Mitochondrial Oxygenation During Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Pilot Study
Authors: Harms Floor A. , Ubbink Rinse , de Wijs Calvin J. , Ligtenberg Max P. , ter Horst Maarten , Mik Egbert G. 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveAdequate oxygenation is essential for the preservation of organ function during cardiac surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Both hypoxia and hyperoxia result in undesired outcomes, and a narrow window for optimal oxygenation exists. Current perioperative monitoring techniques are not always sufficient to monitor adequate oxygenation. The non-invasive COMET®monitor could be a tool to monitor oxygenation by measuring the cutaneous mitochondrial oxygen tension (mitoPO2). This pilot study examines the feasibility of cutaneous mitoPO2measurements during cardiothoracic procedures. Cutaneous mitoPO2will be compared to tissue oxygenation (StO2) as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy.Design and MethodThis single-center observational study examined 41 cardiac surgery patients requiring CPB. Preoperatively, patients received a 5-aminolevulinic acid plaster on the upper arm to enable mitoPO2measurements. After induction of anesthesia, both cutaneous mitoPO2and StO2were measured throughout the procedure. The patients were observed until discharge for the development of acute kidney insufficiency (AKI).ResultsCutaneous mitoPO2was successfully measured in all patients and was 63.5 [40.0–74.8] mmHg at the surgery start and decreased significantly (p&lt; 0.01) to 36.4 [18.4–56.0] mmHg by the end of the CPB run. StO2at the surgery start was 80.5 [76.8–84.3]% and did not change significantly. Cross-clamping of the aorta and the switch to non-pulsatile flow resulted in a median cutaneous mitoPO2decrease of 7 mmHg (p&lt; 0.01). The cessation of the aortic cross-clamping period resulted in an increase of 4 mmHg (p&lt; 0.01). Totally, four patients developed AKI and had a lower preoperative eGFR of 52 vs. 81 ml/min in the non-AKI group. The AKI group spent 32% of the operation time with a cutaneous mitoPO2value under 20 mmHg as compared to 8% in the non-AKI group.ConclusionThis pilot study illustrated the feasibility of measuring cutaneous mitoPO2using the COMET®monitor during cardiothoracic procedures. Moreover, in contrast to StO2, mitoPO2decreased significantly with the increasing CPB run time. Cutaneous mitoPO2also significantly decreased during the aortic cross-clamping period and increased upon the release of the clamp, but StO2did not. This emphasized the sensitivity of cutaneous mitoPO2to detect circulatory and microvascular changes.