bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atomic-resolution chemical characterization of (2x)72-kDa tryptophan synthase via four- and five-dimensional
1
H-detected solid-state NMR
Authors: Klein Alexander , Rovó Petra , Sakhrani Varun V. , Wang Yangyang , Holmes Jacob B. , Liu Viktoriia , Skowronek Patricia , Kukuk Laura , Vasa Suresh K. , Güntert Peter , Mueller Leonard J. , Linser Rasmus 
Published: January 2022

Significance
The atomic-level understanding of protein function and enzyme catalysis requires site-specific information on chemical properties such as protonation and hybridization states and chemical exchange equilibria. This information is encoded in NMR chemical shifts, which serve as important complementary information to structural data from other experimental techniques or structure prediction algorithms. This study demonstrates that comprehensive chemical-shift assignments are achievable for large and highly complex proteins, offering insights into chemical structure and dynamics. The access to the active-site chemistry in the 144-kDa (72-kDa asymmetric unit) enzyme tryptophan synthase demonstrated here extends the elucidation of chemical properties to a member of an important class of enzymes of interest in pharmacology and biotechnology.
Agendamelding
Authors: Minooie Milad 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA survey of American adults was combined with a content analysis of traditional and social media sources to test the agendamelding theory. Correlation analyses indicated strong agenda-setting effects for both traditional and social media. A regression analysis indicated, among other things, that younger audiences and Democrats give more weight to social media than traditional media while Republicans generally allow their personal preferences to impact their agenda. The findings support the agendamelding theory.
A polarization-consistent R-matrix model: application to the photoionization of molecules
Authors: Meltzer T , Mašín Z 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We introduce a new variational R-matrix model called polarization-consistent coupled Hartree–Fock (PC-CHF). The PC-CHF model describes polarization and multi-channel effects in polyatomic molecules, whilst using a simple Hartree–Fock-like description of the ionic states. Furthermore, the model is constructed in a self-consistent manner meaning that all of the target states implied by the polarization configurations are included. The PC-CHF model is applied to three molecular targets ranging from small to intermediate i.e., H2O, N2O and formic acid (HCOOH) and the results are compared against other established R-matrix models as well as data from the literature.
Spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion through a coplanar converter
Authors: Qu Bingyue , Shi Hongyu , Wang Jiafu , Yang Jie , Pang Yongqiang , Zhang Anxue , Xu Zhuo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM), associated with the circular polarization and helical phase front of an electromagnetic wave, respectively, have been gaining increasing interest in various fields. In this paper, a new method of SAM to OAM conversion in the microwave band is proposed. The designed coplanar structure converses the SAM to OAM, whose three electric components,

E
z

,

E
φ

, and

E
ρ

, carry same-order OAM. The paper explains the principle of SAM to OAM conversion and provides an experimental demonstration. Both simulation and measurement results demonstrate that this conversion method from SAM to OAM is feasible. Our work could provide a promising platform to study photonic spin-orbital interaction and find applications in the near-field vortex generators.
Study elastic properties of the leucine and isoleuicine from first principles calculations
Authors: Fedorov Igor A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
I studied the elastic properties of crystalline L- and DL-forms of leucine and isoleucine within the framework of density functional theory with van der Waals interactions. The energy gaps of the considered crystals are 7.48–7.60 eV. Chiral molecules have the same chemical composition. Therefore, the study of crystalline amino acids provides a better understanding of how the structure of molecules affects mechanical properties of molecular crystals. Complete set of elastic constants for L-leucine, L-isoleucine, DL-leucine and DL-isoleucine were calculated. Linear compressibility of crystals has high anisotropy. The crystalline L- and DL-forms of leucine and isoleucine have different mechanical properties. Linear compressibility has a negative value for DL-isoleucine. My calculations predict that L-leucine and L-isoleucine are ductile compounds, while DL-leucine and DL-isoleucine are brittle compounds.
Electrical characterization of tumor-derived exosomes by conductive atomic force microscopy
Authors: Zhang Yu , Ju Tuoyu , Gao Mingyan , Song Zhengxun , Xu Hongmei , Wang Zuobin , Wang Ying 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The physical properties of tumor-derived exosomes have gained much attention because they are helpful to better understand the exosomes in biomedicine. In this study, the conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM) was employed to perform the electrical characterizations of exosomes, and it obtained the topography and current images of samples simultaneously. The exosomes were absorbed onto the mica substrates coated with a gold film of 20 nm thick for obtaining the current images of samples by C-AFM in air. The results showed that the single exosomes had the weak conductivity. Furthermore, the currents on exosomes were measured at different bias voltages and pH conditions. It illustrated that the conductivity of exosomes was affected by external factors such as bias voltages and solutions with different pH values. In addition, the electrical responses of low and high metastatic potential cell-derived exosomes were also compared under different voltages and pH conditions. This work is important for better understanding the physical properties of tumor-derived exosomes and promoting the clinical applications of tumor-derived exosomes.
Novel nanomaterials based saturable absorbers for passive mode locked fiber laser at 1.5 μm
Authors: Zhu Rui , Qi Yaoyao , Meng Jianfei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Compared with continuous wave lasers, ultrafast lasers have the advantages of ultra-short pulse width and ultra-high peak power, and have significant applications in optical communications, medical diagnostics, and precision machining. Saturable absorber (SA) technology is the most effective technique for the generation of ultra-fast lasers, which are based on artificial SAs and natural SAs. Among them, the semiconductor saturable absorber mirror has become the most commonly used form at present. Recently, basic research and application of nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene have been developed rapidly. Researchers have found that nanomaterials exhibit extraordinary characteristics in ultrafast photonics, such as the low saturation intensity of CNTs, zero-band gap of graphene, and extremely high modulation depth of the topological insulator nano-films. Since graphene was first reported as an SA in 2009, many other nanomaterials have been successively explored, resulting in the rapid development of novel nanomaterial-based SAs. In this paper, we classified the nanomaterials used in SA mode-locking technology at 1.5 μm and reviewed their research progress with a particular focus on nonlinear optical properties, integration strategies, and applications in the field of ultrafast photonics.
Human in vivo liver and tumor bioimpedance measured with biopsy needle
Authors: Halonen Sanna , Ovissi Ali , Boyd Sonja , Kari Juho , Kronström Kai , Kosunen Juhani , Laurén Hanna , Numminen Kirsti , Sievänen Harri , Hyttinen Jari 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objective. Liver biopsy is an essential procedure in cancer diagnostics but targeting the biopsy to the actual tumor tissue is challenging. Aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical feasibility of a novel bioimpedance biopsy needle system in liver biopsy and simultaneously to gather in vivo bioimpedance data from human liver and tumor tissues. Approach. We measured human liver and tumor impedance data in vivo from 26 patients who underwent diagnostic ultrasound-guided liver biopsy. Our novel 18 G core biopsy needle tip forms a bipolar electrode that was used to measure bioimpedance during the biopsy in real-time with frequencies from 1 kHz to 349 kHz. The needle tip location was determined by ultrasound. Also, the sampled tissue type was determined histologically. Main results. The bioimpedance values showed substantial variation between individual cases, and liver and tumor data overlapped each other. However, Mann–Whitney U test showed that the median bioimpedance values of liver and tumor tissue are significantly (p < 0.05) different concerning the impedance magnitude at frequencies below 25 kHz and the phase angle at frequencies below 3 kHz and above 30 kHz. Significance. This study uniquely employed a real-time bioimpedance biopsy needle in clinical liver biopsies and reported the measured human in vivo liver and tumor impedance data. Impedance is always device-dependent and therefore not directly comparable to measurements with other devices. Although the variation in tumor types prevented coherent tumor identification, our study provides preliminary evidence that tumor tissue differs from liver tissue in vivo, and this association is frequency-dependent.
Understanding JET-C quiescent phases with edge harmonic magnetohydrodynamic activity and comparison with behaviour under ITER-like wall conditioning
Authors: Brunetti D , Ham C J , Graves J P , Lazzaro E , Nowak S , Mariani A , Wahlberg C , Cooper W A , Solano E R , Saarelma S , Frassinetti L , Fontana M , Kleiner A , Bustos Ramirez G , Viezzer E 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
An analysis of edge localised mode-free (quiescent) H-mode discharges exhibiting edge harmonic magnetoydrodynamic activity in the JET-carbon wall machine is presented. It is observed that the otherwise quiescent pulses with multiple-n harmonic oscillations are sustained until a threshold in pedestal electron density and collisionality is crossed. The macroscopic pedestal parameters associated with the quiescent phase are compared with those of a database of JET-ELMy discharges with both carbon and ITER-like wall (ILW). This comparison provides the identification of the existence regions in the relevant pedestal and global plasma parameters for edge harmonic oscillations (EHOs) in JET plasmas. Although the ELMy database scans pedestal collisionality and β values typical of ET-carbon quiescent operation, shaping and current are not simultaneously compatible with EHO existence. Nevertheless, ILW operation with JET-carbon quiescent-like parameters could in principle be achieved, and improved pedestal performance could be observed in more recent JET-ILW pulses.
Development of robust indicators for the identification of electron temperature profile anomalies and application to JET
Authors: Rossi Riccardo , Gelfusa Michela , Flanagan Joanne , Murari Andrea 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Recent experience with metallic devices operating in ITER relevant regions of the operational space, has shown that the disruptivity of these plasmas is unacceptably high. The main causes of the disruptions are linked to impurity accumulation in the core and edge cooling, resulting in unstable current profiles. Avoidance and prevention of the consequent instabilities require the early detection of anomalous electron temperature profiles. A series of indicators have been developed and their performances compared, to find the most suitable inputs for disruption predictors. Their properties are assessed on the basis of information content, reliability and real-time availability. The best performing ones provide much better results than the ones reported in the literature, as shown by both numerical tests with synthetic data and the analysis of experimental signals from JET with the ITER-like wall. They provide better accuracy, lower false alarms and earlier detection. The improved discriminatory capability of the developed indicators is expected to significantly improve the performance of the most advanced predictors recently reported in the literature.
In-flight polarization angle calibration for LiteBIRD: blind challenge and cosmological implications
Authors: Krachmalnicoff N. , Matsumura T. , de la Hoz E. , Basak S. , Gruppuso A. , Minami Y. , Baccigalupi C. , Komatsu E. , Martínez-González E. , Vielva P. , Aumont J. , Aurlien R. , Azzoni S. , Banday A.J. , Barreiro R.B. , Bartolo N. , Bersanelli M. , Calabrese E. , Carones A. , Casas F.J. , Cheung K. , Chinone Y. , Columbro F. , de Bernardis P. , Diego-Palazuelos P. , Errard J. , Finelli F. , Fuskeland U. , Galloway M. , Genova-Santos R.T. , Gerbino M. , Ghigna T. , Giardiello S. , Gjerløw E. , Hazumi M. , Henrot-Versillé S. , Kisner T. , Lamagna L. , Lattanzi M. , Levrier F. , Luzzi G. , Maino D. , Masi S. , Migliaccio M. , Montier L. , Morgante G. , Mot B. , Nagata R. , Nati F. , Natoli P. , Pagano L. , Paiella A. , Paoletti D. , Patanchon G. , Piacentini F. , Polenta G. , Poletti D. , Puglisi G. , Remazeilles M. , Rubino-Martin J. , Sasaki M. , Shiraishi M. , Signorelli G. , Stever S. , Tartari A. , Tristram M. , Tsuji M. , Vacher L. , Wehus I.K. , Zannoni M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We present a demonstration of the in-flight polarization angle calibration for the JAXA/ISAS second strategic large class mission, LiteBIRD, and estimate its impact on the measurement of the tensor-to-scalar ratio parameter, r, using simulated data.
We generate a set of simulated sky maps with CMB and polarized foreground emission, and inject instrumental noise and polarization angle offsets to the 22 (partially overlapping) LiteBIRD frequency channels. Our in-flight angle calibration relies on nulling the EB cross correlation of the polarized signal in each channel. This calibration step has been carried out by two independent groups with a blind analysis, allowing an accuracy of the order of a few arc-minutes to be reached on the estimate of the angle offsets. Both the corrected and uncorrected multi-frequency maps are propagated through the foreground cleaning step, with the goal of computing clean CMB maps. We employ two component separation algorithms, the Bayesian-Separation of Components and Residuals Estimate Tool (B-SeCRET), and the Needlet Internal Linear Combination (NILC). We find that the recovered CMB maps obtained with algorithms that do not make any assumptions about the foreground properties, such as NILC, are only mildly affected by the angle miscalibration. However, polarization angle offsets strongly bias results obtained with the parametric fitting method. Once the miscalibration angles are corrected by EB nulling prior to the component separation, both component separation algorithms result in an unbiased estimation of the r parameter. While this work is motivated by the conceptual design study for LiteBIRD, its framework can be broadly applied to any CMB polarization experiment. In particular, the combination of simulation plus blind analysis provides a robust forecast by taking into account not only detector sensitivity but also systematic effects.
Development of labor potential of the Penza region agricultural sector
Authors: Lavrina O V , Shirokova E V , Shpagina I E , Koshelyaev R V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
An important condition for the country’s food independence is the effective use of the labor potential of the agricultural sector. Currently, it is becoming one of the decisive factors in the innovative development of the agro-industrial complex. The article deals with demographic, economic and social factors that determine the development of the labor potential of agricultural organizations. An assessment of the demographic and employment situation in the agrarian sector of the Penza region is given. The age of the population has been determined and the level of responsibilities on the working-age population of rural areas has been estimated. The analysis of labor productivity in agricultural organizations of the region, its increase is a necessary condition for sustainable economic development of agriculture in the region. The authors also touch upon the following questions as motivation of employees in increasing labor productivity, including the level of wages, are considered. Solving the problems of stabilization and achieving high rate indicators in the agro-industrial complex of the region requires an increase in the efficiency of using labor potential with an integrated mechanism.
Influence of technological factors on the reproductive performance of sows in an industrial breeder
Authors: Daryin A I , Kerdyashov N N , Busov A A , Zykina E A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The most important element of pork production technology is herd reproduction. Among all reproductive qualities of sows, the most important are prolificacy, heavy litter, and preservation of piglets during the suckling period. Therefore, the study of reproductive qualities of pigs is relevant to the theory and practice of pig breeding. The research was carried out under reproductive conditions in an industrial pig breeding complex. It is noted that the greatest increase in sows prolificacy is observed when the service-period is 21-28 days, i.e. when one heat is skipped, as compared to sows with a service-period of 1-7 days, i.e. without heat skipping. The highest farrowing rate was observed in groups of sows without heat skipping, but taking into account the prolificacy, the highest number of piglets was obtained in groups of sows with a service-period of 21-28 days - 33.35-34.70 animals. The survival rate of piglets in all groups of sows was 90.3%. Stillbirth rate was 0.85 heads per sow. Slight variations in this indicator from 0.79 to 0.95 were recorded depending on the service period of the sows. On average the crushed piglets amounted to 0.76 animals per nest. There were slight fluctuations from 0.73 to 0.79 depending on the service-period of the sows. Fetal mummification of fetuses was 0.37 per nest. It is noted that there is a tendency to increase the number of mummified fetuses with increasing service-period of sows. The number of mummified fetuses increases with increasing multiplicity of sows, which was observed in groups of sows with a service period of 21-28 and 45 days or more.
Endophytic isolates of Bacillus subtilis: prospects of application for improving the quality of food raw materials
Authors: Idiyatov I I , Eroshin A I , Yusupov S A , Zdoroveva E V , Tremasova A M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Endophytic microorganisms are most closely in contact with agricultural plants, inhabit their internal tissues, provide protection from pathogens, and have a direct impact on plant health and productivity. This is the relevance of studying the properties of endophytic organisms for the regulation of population density of pathogenic micromycetes. In this work, a comparative assessment of the antifungal activity of endophytic isolates B. subtilis EFS3, B. subtilis EFS9, B. subtilis EFS13 was carried out with respect to field isolates of microscopic fungi of the genera Fusarium, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Mucor. The studied endophytic bacilli inhibited the growth of micromycetes both due to the antibiotic substances produced and by direct contact, i.e., antibiotic and alimentary types of antagonism were noted in the mechanism of antifungal action. Thus, the studied endophytic bacteria are able to influence the development of pathogenic fungi and can be used to develop biological products that contribute to improving the quality of food raw materials of plant origin.
Results of experimental studies of cold running-in of a diesel engine D-240 with increased load-rate modes
Authors: Morunkov A N , Timokhin S V , Spitsyn I A , Orekhov A A , Ivanov A S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Currently used diesel engine running-in methods are based mainly on typical technologies with the use of serial running-in and braking stands, which have limited speed and capacity for cold and hot running-in at idle and under load of all types of modern diesel engines, available in agricultural enterprises. In addition, typical running-in technologies have a number of technological, economic and environmental drawbacks. Taking into account high cost of up-to-date running-in equipment and low level of equipment of enterprises with serial running-in equipment, including those with long service life, the modernization of existing equipment is the urgent task, as well as the development of new technologies and means for their realization. The technology of cold running-in of diesels with increased load-rate modes using modernized running-in-brake stands and the developed system for increasing gas loads is proposed. The results of experimental studies show the possibility of creating higher load-rate modes during cold running-in of diesels and allow improving the typical technologies of running-in of diesels and means for their implementation.
Mechanical and fatigue behaviour of Sandwich elements with ABS core cells and GFRP plies, as function of cellular geometry and process parameters
Authors: Panella F W , Pirinu A , Saponaro A , Santoro M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The present work aim is to fully apply the potential of FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling) technology with economic printing machine, in order to create performant ABS cores, to be subsequently used as shaped moulds for sandwich plate assembly with GFRP skins, representing simple prototypes to validate production concept and its structural behaviour. The further task of this study is to empirically optimize the geometry of the core as function of required thickness and technological building parameters, in order to achieve light and mechanically performing structures with extremely reduced costs. After compression experimental tests on core cell geometries, fatigue tests under bending are also executed on reinforced GFRP plates in order to validate best compromise between ABS core design and GFRP laminated skin properties and stiffness requirement, highlighting influence of ABS wire performances as deposited in the form of beam-based lattice geometry. In addition, the authors employ the digital image correlation technique to perform the strain and displacement field of lattice structures and sandwich interfaces.