bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pre-discharge factors associated with unplanned readmission of patients with home mechanical ventilation: a retrospective study
Authors: Lin Shwu-Jen , Kuo Yao-Wen , Wu Huey-Dong , Yang Shih Hsing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Exploring the characteristics and prognosis of unplanned readmissions of patients using a home ventilator and analyzing relevant pre-discharge factors that affect such unplanned readmissions.A retrospective study was conducted to collect medical record data for 2013–2017 on the readmission of home-ventilated patients in a medical center in northern Taiwan. The average intervals of home care for the early readmission group (≤ 30 days) and the late readmission group (≥ 31 days) were 15.1 ± 9.2 and 164.8 ± 143.2 days, respectively. Regarding risk factors of early and late unplanned hospital readmission, the odds ratio (OR) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease compared with those without this disease was 4.535 (95% CI 1.253 -16.413). For maximum inspiratory pressure ≦ −30 cmH2O compared with > −30 cmH2O, the OR for early readmission was 0.207 (95% CI 0.056 - 0.767). For hemoglobin ≥ 10.1 g/dL compared with < 10.1 g/dL, the OR of early readmission was 0.280 (95% CI 0.082 - 0.958). So, pre-discharge problems, including chronic cardiovascular disease, maximum inspiratory pressure, and reduced hemoglobin, are risk factors for unplanned early hospitalization readmission of patients using a ventilator at home. Therefore, attention should be paid to these risk factors during discharge planning.
Mindful SensoriMotor Therapy with Brain Modulation for the Treatment of Pain in Individuals with Disarticulation or Nerve Injuries: A Single-arm clinical trial
Authors: Damercheli Shahrzad , Buist Mirka , Catalan Max Jair Ortiz 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a complex and demanding medical condition that is often difficult to treat. Regardless the cause of impairment, lesion or damage of the nervous system can lead to neuropathic pain, such as Phantom Limb Pain (PLP). No treatment has been found widely effective for PLP but guided plasticity therapies have shown the least severe side effects in comparison to pharmacological or surgical interventions. Phantom Motor Execution (PME) is a guided-plasticity intervention that has shown promising results alleviating PLP. The Stochastic Entanglement hypothesis suggests an origin for neuropathic pain resulting from sensorimotor impairment. In this study we build on this hypothesis to investigate the efficacy of enhancing PME interventions with the addition of sensory training. We refer to this concept as Mindful SensoriMotor Therapy (MiSMT), that in this study we further complement with non-invasive brain modulation, specifically transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS), for the treatment of neuropathic pain because of disarticulation or peripheral nerve injury.Methods and analysis This single-arm clinical trial investigates the efficacy MiSMT and tDCS as a treatment of neuropathic pain resulting from highly impaired extremity or peripheral nerve injury in eight participants. The study consists of 15 sessions of MiSMT with anodal tDCS in the motor cortex, pre- and post-treatment assessments, and follow-up sessions. The primary outcome is the change in pain intensity using the Pain Rating Index between the first and last session. Ethics and dissemination The study is performed under approval of the governing ethical committee in Sweden (approval number 2020-07157) and in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Trial Registration Number NCT04897425
Expression of Ten-Eleven Translocation 1 Gene in Acute Leukemia
Authors: Hamed Hosny B. , Naguib Eman M. , Mosaad Monica B. , Elnaggar Mohamed G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background:The Ten-Eleven Translocation 1 gene (TET1) is a member of the TET methyl cytosine dioxygenase family of enzymes (TET1, TET2, and TET3). The TET1 has contrasting roles in myeloid and lymphoid transformation being either an oncogene or a tumor suppressor. This work aimed to study the expression level of TET1 gene in acute leukemia patients and its correlation with the clinical and pathological criteria of these patients. Patients & methods:This study was conducted on 73 acute leukemia patients. Bone marrow samples were analyzed using Real-Time PCR 7500s.Results:There was a significant correlation between expression levels of TET 1 gene in acute leukemia patients and their clinical and pathological criteria.Conclusion:It has been found that expression levels of TET1 gene in patients’ samples were higher in AML, not otherwise specified (NOS), and T lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma patients and lower in B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma, NOS patients. Besides, this study showed the significant relation between TET1 gene and the percentage of blast cells in peripheral blood (P.B) and bone marrow (B.M) and generalized lymphadenopathy. These findings revealed the great role of TET1 gene dysregulation in leukemogenesis; also its possible usage as a potential target for treating this form of hematopoietic malignancy.
High Charlson comorbidity index scores are associated with recurrent colon diverticular bleeding
Authors: Kim Dong Hyun , You Hye-Su , Cho Seo-Yeon , Park Seon-Young , Park Chang Hwan , Kim Hyun-Soo , Choi Sung Kyu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background/Aims: Colonic diverticular bleeding (CDB) is a common cause of acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Patients with CDB are at increased risk for recurrence. Here, we aimed to evaluate the clinical course of patients with CDB and identify risk factors, including the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), for recurrent CDB (rCDB).Methods: We retrospectively included patients who were hospitalized at the Chonnam National University Hospital for management of CDB between January 2005 and March 2020, and data on the underlying disease, drug history, treatment method, post-discharge rCDB, and death were checked.Results: Among 221 investigated patients (mean age, 68.1 years; 56 females), 56 and 165 had definite and presumptive CDB, respectively, 122 (55.2%) had a right-sided CDB, and 51 (23.3%) experienced rCDB throughout a median period of 339 days (range, 3–4817 days). The most common comorbidities were hypertension (62.4%) and diabetes (33.5%). The median length of hospitalization was 5 days (range, 2–119 days). The CDB-related morality rate was 0.9% at first admission. The cumulative incidence rates of rCDB after 1, 6, 12, 24 months were 4.6%, 9.1%, 12.3%, and 16.9%, respectively. In Cox regression analysis, rCDB more frequently occurred in patients with CCI ≥ 4 than in patients with CCI < 4 (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.76; 95% confidence interval, 1.30–5.88; p < 0.01).Conclusions: rCDB occurred frequently at any time in patients with previous CDB. High CCI scores were associated with rCDB. Clinicians need to consider possible rCDB for patients with high CCIs.
Synthetic Generation of Plausible Solar Years For Long-Term Forecasting of Solar Radiation
Authors: Jiménez-Valero Paola , Larrañeta Miguel , López-García Elisa , Moreno-Tejera Sara , Silva-Pérez Manuel Antonio , Lillo-Bravo Isidoro 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this work we test and improve an algorithm proposed in previous studies to generate synthetic series of plausible solar years (PSY). The method provides 100 synthetic years of coupled global horizontal irradiance (GHI) and direct normal solar irradiance (DNI) in 1 min resolution. The algorithm uses 10–20 years of hourly coupled GHI + DNI datasets that can be retrieved for most of the locations of the world from satellite estimates. The algorithm is evaluated at five locations with different type of climate according to the Koppen-Geiger classification and at different temporal scales: annual, monthly, daily and 1-minute resolution. In all cases, synthetic PSYs series cover a wider range of scenarios than the observed series but maintaining their distribution. Results suggest that the synthetically generated PSYs are capable to reproduce the natural variability of the solar resource at any location facilitating the stochastic simulation of solar harnessing systems.
Biomarkers of Imidacloprid Toxicity in Japanese Quail, Coturnix Coturnix Japonica
Authors: Osman Khaled , Shaaban Mahmoud M.I. , Ahmed Nabila S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The median lethal dose (LD50) and the effect of the sublethal dose of 3.014 mg/kg as single or repetitive doses every other day for 28 days of imidacloprid (IMI) on the domestic Japanese quail as a bioindicator for xenobiotic detection were investigated. The LD50 was found to be 75.35 mg/kg indicating that IMI is highly toxic to Japanese quail. The sub-acute study revealed that certain biomarkers in the selected tissues of the quail such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), aminotransaminases (alanine aminotransferase, ALT and aspartate aminotransaminase, AST), phosphatases (acid phosphatase, ACP and alkaline phosphatase, ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), adenosine -triphosphatase (ATP-ase), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and blood glucose showed significant inductions, while significant reductions in the levels of glutathione reduced (GSH), DNA and RNA were recorded. It can be concluded that IMI can induce neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity by altering the levels of the selected biomarkers of Japanese quail. Therefore, Japanese quails can be used as a suite bioindicator to detect imidacloprid toxicity as well as wild avian should be considered especially during the application of pesticides in the field.
Analysis Of The Willow Community Structure And Hydrarchy Succession Of Janghang Wetlands, A Ramsar Site In Korea
Authors: Na Mi-yeon , Oh Choong-Hyeon 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Wetlands are gradually being lost due to climate change and excessive development. As a consequence, it has become important to muster global cooperation to conserve wetlands. Janghang Wetland, registered as a Ramsar Wetland in May 2021, is located at the estuary of the Han River and is a biodiverse wetland with a dense willow tree community. However, problems with terrestrialization of Janghang Wetland have been raised in several years. This study investigated hydrosere status and the causes through the analysis of its plant community structure. It was found that the community for Salix koreensis- Salix nipponica takes up more than 90% of the entire vegetation for willow. As a result of analyzing the MIV correlation between Salix koreensis and Salix nipponica according to the distance from waterfront, Salix koreensis flourished more as it moved away from the river. Comparison for the growth of Salix koreensis and Salix nipponica by quadrat, showed that the Salix nipponica is affected by the tidal channel. Forest tree species such as Rosa multiflora and Eleutherococcus sessiliflorus were found in the shrub layer. The amount of precipitation and water level had been decreasing for the past 5 years. In the group dominated by Salix koreensis, the NaCl of the soil was higher than the optimal level for tree growth, while the NaCl in the group dominated by Salix nipponica, tended to be very close to '0'. In Janghang Wetland, Salix nipponica community is gradually being replaced by Salix koreensis community and it causes by terrestrialization.
A profile analysis of problematic smartphone usage among college students during coronavirus disease 2019: Relations with the impact of news reports
Authors: Chen Yaru , Zhan Qisheng , Eli Buzohre , Zhao Yuqing , Huang Xin , Liu Zhengkui 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak was the first pandemic to occur in a fully globalized society. The aims of the study were to explore the state of problematic smartphone use (PSU) and its risk factors during this incident. The problematic smartphone usage, impact of news reports, depression, and anxiety of a total of 77,211 college students were surveyed online during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Results
The data were analyzed with latent profile analysis (LPA), chi-square test, ANOVA and multiple logistic regression. We found the most support for a three-class model of subgroups. The results of multiple logistic regression show that college students who were female and younger college who experienced positive or negative impact from news reports, and reported higher depression or anxiety scores were more likely to be included in the moderate- or high-risk PSU group than in the low-risk group. However, the positive impact of news coverage was insignificant when the high-risk group was compared with the moderate-risk group.
Conclusions
These findings provide insights that may help foster and develop appropriate and effective solutions to prevent PSU among college students (young adults), such as paying more attention to girls and individuals with high levels of anxiety and depression in crisis events and providing more positive news coverage during crises.
Variation in Symptom Development and Infectivity of the Banana Bunchy top disease on four varieties of Musa sp.
Authors: CHABI Modeste , DASSOU Anicet Gbèblonoudo , ADOUKONOU-SAGBADJA Hubert , ODUOR Bonaventure Omondi Aman 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Banana bunchy top disease (BBTD), is a viral disease of banana, rapidly spreading in Africa. It affects production and seed systems, threatening the genetic diversity of banana and plantain. Early symptomatic detection and roguing are an effective way of managing this disease. However seasonal and cultivar variation in disease expression has been observed. We therefore sought to assess the relationship between symptom expression and infectivity of diseased plants to support refining roguing protocols. Plantlets from four varieties (FHIA 25; Aloga; Ebenga and Sotoumon) were inoculated using infected aphids and monitored for nineteen weeks. The plants were also used as inoculum sources to infect clean banana aphids that were transferred to healthy plants of a single variety every two weeks. An appearance of symptom in these test plants was recorded and infection tested by PCR. The hybrid FHIA 25 showed typical BBTD symptoms three weeks after inoculation, while the plantains Aloga and Ebenga showed the morse code symptom, on the leaf lamina but not on the petiole, four weeks after inoculation. The banana local variety, Sotoumon, only showed the first symptoms fifteen weeks later, and entirely missed the earlier typical symptoms. For all varieties, BBTV was only detectable and aphid transferable from plants showing the first symptoms. Overall, FHIA 25 was the most sensitive while the local banana Sotoumon the least sensitive to BBTV inoculation. The expression and spread of BBTD could be tested in the field. We discuss the implication of these observations on seed systems production losses.
Identification and Expression Analysis of GARP Superfamily Genes in Response to Nitrogen and Phosphorus Stress in Spirodela Polyrhiza
Authors: zhao Xuyao , Yang Jingjing , Li Xiaozhe , Li Gaojie , Sun Zuoliang , Chen Yan , Chen Yimeng , Xia Manli , Li Yixian , Yao Lunguang , Hou Hongwei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: GARP transcription factors perform the critical roles in plant development and response to environmental stimulate, especially in the phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) sensing and uptake. Spirodela polyrhiza (giant duckweed) is widely used for phytoremediation and biomass production for its efficient N and P removal capacity and rapid growth. However, there has not yet been a comprehensive analysis of the GRAP gene family in S. polyrhiza. Results: We conducted a comprehensive study of the GARP genes in S. polyrhiza. First, we investigated 35 SpGARP genes in S. polyrhiza, which have been classified into three groups on the basis of their gene structure, conserved motifs and phylogenetic relationship. Then, we identified the duplication events, performed the synteny analysis, calculated the Ka/Ks ratio in SpGARP genes. Next, the regulation and co-expression networks of SpGARPs were constructed using cis-acting element analysis and weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA). Last, the expression pattern of SpGARP genes were performed used RNA-seq date and qRT-PCR, several members of group IId were involved in both N and P starvation response. Conclusions: The study provide insight into the evolution and functional annotation of GARP gene family in S. polyrhiza, and lays the foundation for the further functional verification of SpGARP genes.
Altered Functional Hubs and Connectivity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With and Without Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Huang Yang , Zhang Dongsheng , Zhang Xin , Cheng Miao , Yang Zhen , Gao Jie , Tang Min , Ai Kai , Lei Xiaoyan , Zhang Xiaoling 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with functional and structural abnormalities of brain networks, especially the damage to hub nodes in networks. This study explored the abnormal hub nodes of brain functional networks in T2DM patients under different cognitive states. Sixty-five T2DM patients and 34 healthy controls (HCs) underwent neuropsychological assessment. Then, degree centrality (DC) analysis and seed-based functional connectivity (FC) analysis were performed to identify the abnormal hub nodes and the FC patterns of these hubs in T2DM patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (DMCI group, N = 31) and without MCI (DMCN group, N = 34). Correlation analyses examined the relationship between abnormal DC and FC and clinical/cognitive variables. Compared with HCs, both T2DM groups showed decreased DC values in the visual cortex, and the T2DM patients with MCI (DMCI) showed more extensive alterations in the right parahippocampal gyrus (PHG), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), and left superior frontal gyrus (SFG) regions than T2DM patients with normal cognitive function. Seed-based FC analysis of PHG and PCC nodes showed that functional disconnection mainly occurred in visual pathways and the default mode network (DMN) in DMCI patients. Multiple abnormal DC values and disordered FC correlated with neuropsychological tests in the T2DM patients. In conclusion, this study found that the DMCI group displayed more extensive alterations in hub nodes and FC in visual network and the DMN, suggesting that visual network dysfunctions may be the neural basis of abnormal visuospatial functioning in DMCI patients.
Phase-adaptive Brain Stimulation of Striatal D1 Medium Spiny Neurons
Authors: Kim Young-Cho , Jung Dennis , Kennedy Morgan , Tomas Lence , Alberico Stephanie L. , Narayanan Nandakumar S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Brain rhythms are strongly linked with behavior, and abnormal rhythms can signify pathophysiology. For instance, the basal ganglia exhibit a wide range of low-frequency oscillations during movement, but pathological “beta” rhythms at ~ 20 Hz have been observed in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and in PD animal models. All brain rhythms have a frequency, which describes how often they oscillate, and a phase, which describes the precise time that peaks and troughs of brain rhythms occur. Although frequency has been extensively studied, the relevance of phase is unknown, in part because it is difficult to causally manipulate the instantaneous phase of ongoing brain rhythms. Here, we developed a phase-adaptive, real-time, closed-loop algorithm to deliver optogenetic stimulation at a specific phase with millisecond latency. We combined this Phase-Adaptive Brain STimulation (PABST) approach with cell-type-specific optogenetic methods to stimulate basal ganglia networks in dopamine-depleted mice that model motor aspects of human PD. We focused on striatal medium spiny neurons expressing D1-type dopamine receptors because these neurons can facilitate movement. We report three main results. First, we found that our approach delivered PABST within system latencies of 13 milliseconds. Second, we report that closed-loop stimulation powerfully influenced the spike-field coherence of local brain rhythms within the dorsal striatum. Finally, we found that 4-Hz, but not 20-Hz, PABST improved movement speed by 41%. These data provide causal evidence that phase is relevant for brain stimulation, which will allow for more precise, targeted, and individualized brain stimulation. Our findings are applicable to a broad range of preclinical brain stimulation approaches and could also inform circuit-specific neuromodulation treatments for human brain disease.
Patient and Health Practitioner Views and Experiences of a Cancer Trial Before and During COVID-19: Qualitative Study
Authors: Sherratt Frances C. , Fisher Peter , Mathieson Amy , Cherry Mary G. , Pettitt Andrew R. , Young Bridget 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundUnderstanding patient and health practitioner perspectives on clinical trials can inform opportunities to enhance trial conduct and design, and therefore patient experience. Patients with haematological cancers have faced additional risk and uncertainty during the pandemic but it is unclear how they and practitioners have experienced cancer trials during this period. In the context of a haemato-oncology trial (PETReA), we compared patient and practitioner views and experiences of PETReA before and during COVID-19.MethodsQualitative study embedded within PETReA. Semi-structured interviews (N=41) with patients and practitioners from 16 NHS sites before (n=17) and during the first wave of COVID-19 (n=24). Analysis drew on the Framework Approach.ResultsPractitioners acknowledged the need for the trial to continue during the pandemic but their treatment preferences altered, becoming more pronounced for patients who had a favourable response to induction treatment, while staying unchanged for patients with a less favourable response. Practitioners commented that COVID-19 meant the evidence base for the trial arms was lacking or mixed, but that it likely increased the risks of maintenance treatment for patients with a favourable response to induction treatment. While only one participant interviewed withdrew from PETReA during the pandemic, others said they would consider withdrawing if information that they were at increased risk of severe illness from COVID-19 became available. During COVID-19, patients described less frequent contact with the trial team, which left some feeling less clear about their trial pathway. However, several described having in-depth, collaborative discussions with practitioners about the risks and benefits of randomisation in the context of COVID-19. Patients valued these discussions and were reassured by the emphasis practitioners placed on patients being free to withdraw if circumstances changed, and this helped patients feel comfortable about continuing in PETReA.ConclusionsThe findings point to ways trial communication can support patients to feel comfortable about continuing in a trial during uncertain times, including adopting a more in-depth, collaborative exploration of the risks and benefits of trial arms with patients and emphasising voluntariness. The results are relevant to trialists recruiting patients who are clinically extremely vulnerable or are at increased risk of poor COVID-19 outcomes despite being vaccinated.