bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combining collagen extraction with mineral Zn isotope analyses from a single sample for robust palaeoecological investigations
Authors: McCormack Jeremy , Bourgon Nicolas , Sinet-Mathiot Virginie , Rezek Zeljko , Smith Geoff M. , Hublin Jean-Jacques , Dabain Mohammed , Fewlass Helen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCollagen extraction from bones or dentine, commonly used for radiocarbon (14C) dating and stable carbon and nitrogen isotope (δ13C and δ15N) analyses, involves the dissolution of the bioapatite of skeletal elements. This fraction is typically disposed of during pretreatment. Here, we test the possibility of utilising this dissolved mineral solution for analysis of the bioapatite zinc isotope composition (δ66Zn). Bioapatite δ66Zn is a novel trophic level indicator similar to collagen δ15N but with isotopic fractionation independent from nitrogen, thus providing additional dietary information. We tested ways to minimise Zn contamination of the dissolved mineral phase during collagen extraction. We then used archaeological bone samples from Ain Difla (Jordan) and Ranis (Germany) to compare δ66Zn values of dissolved bioapatite following our collagen extraction protocol with δ66Zn values from the same sample material dissolved in a metal-free cleanroom. Our results demonstrate that with only minor adjustments to minimise Zn contamination, the dissolved mineral solution from collagen extraction protocols commonly employed for 14C dating and (palaeo)dietary analysis can be used for additional δ66Zn analyses even when collagen extraction does not take place in a cleanroom. Our protocol allows us to gain an additional dietary proxy to complement δ15N trophic level interpretations and perform more robust (palaeo)ecological investigations without further destructive sampling.
Organization and Priming of Long-term Memory Representations with Two-phase Plasticity
Authors: Luboeinski Jannik , Tetzlaff Christian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background / Introduction
In recurrent neural networks in the brain, memories are represented by so-called Hebbian cell assemblies. Such assemblies are groups of neurons with particularly strong synaptic connections formed by synaptic plasticity and consolidated by synaptic tagging and capture (STC). To link these synaptic mechanisms to long-term memory on the level of cognition and behavior, their functional implications on the level of neural networks have to be understood.

Methods
We employ a biologically detailed recurrent network of spiking neurons featuring synaptic plasticity and STC to model the learning and consolidation of long-term memory representations. Using this, we investigate the effects of different organizational paradigms, and of priming stimulation, on the functionality of multiple memory representations. We quantify these effects by the spontaneous activation of memory representations driven by background noise.

Results
We find that the learning order of the memory representations significantly biases the likelihood of activation towards more recently learned representations, and that hub-like overlap structure counters this effect. We identify long-term depression as the mechanism underlying these findings. Finally, we demonstrate that STC has functional consequences for the interaction of long-term memory representations: 1. intermediate consolidation in between learning the individual representations strongly alters the previously described effects, and 2. STC enables the priming of a long-term memory representation on a timescale of minutes to hours.

Conclusion
Our findings show how synaptic and neuronal mechanisms can provide an explanatory basis for known cognitive effects.
Dynamics and sedimentary assessment of a rock-bounded estuary: a case study—Tina Mayor (NW Spain, Iberian Peninsula)
Authors: Flor-Blanco G. , Flor G. , Pando L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBased on a comprehensive study of the Tina Mayor estuary, a conceptual morphosedimentary model is proposed for one of the best-preserved limestone sectors of the Iberian Peninsula. This mesotidal and rock-bounded estuary consists of a significant proportion of quartzitic gravel fractions, which is distinctive compared to the other nearby estuaries of Northwest Spain on the Iberian Peninsula. Fluvial discharges allow for high coarse fraction inputs to be distributed to all the geomorphological estuarine zones, particularly the mouth, the bay and the inner areas. Moreover, the narrowing of the rocky boundary affects the outermost sector of the mouth of the estuary, developing two coarse grain spits; the inner being much more extensive, while tidal flats occupy a greater reclaimed area than the natural ones. The dominant sedimentary flow regime was established based on tidal and current records during a tidal cycle. The flood currents crossing the bay change trajectory at the mouth boundary as a result of rocky narrowing from the western mouth to the eastern inner side in a reverse response to the Coriolis effect. Estuarine morphosedimentary units are mapped, including the large and minor bedforms in each estuarine zone. These have been characterised according to the average values of the granulometric parameters (coarsest 1-percentile grain size or centile, mean size, sorting, skewness and kurtosis), as well as the carbonate (bioclast) percentage, including the trend maps of the mean size, sorting and biogenic carbonate content. Furthermore, taking into account the mean tidal amplitude and mixing waters (QF/QT), a suitable classification can be established for any type of estuary, including the characteristics of the confinement of the estuary mouth.
The effect of anastomotic leak on postoperative pelvic function and quality of life in rectal cancer patients
Authors: Plastiras Aris , Korkolis Dimitrios , Frountzas Maximos , Theodoropoulos George 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Aim
The aim of this review was to collect all available literature data analysing the effects of the anastomotic leak (AL) on post-sphincter preserving rectal cancer surgery bowel and urogenital function as well as to quality of life (QoL) dimensions.

Methods
A literature search of the PubMed and Embase electronic databases was conducted by two independent investigators and all studies using either functional parameters or QoL as a primary or secondary endpoint after a rectal cancer surgery AL were included.

Results
Amongst the 13 identified studies focusing on the post-AL neorecto-anal function, 3 case-matched studies,3 comparative studies and 1 population-based study supported the deleterious effects of the AL on bowel function, with disturbances of the types of high bowel movement frequency, urgency and increased incontinent episodes to predominate. At one case-matched study the Low Anterior Resection Syndrome (LARS) score was inferior in the AL patients. At limited under-powered studies, urinary frequency, reduced male sexual activity and female dyspareunia may be linked to a prior AL. According to two QoL-targeted detailed studies, QoL disturbances, such as physical and emotional function difficulties may persist up to 3 years after the AL occurrence.

Conclusions
AL may have adverse effects on postoperative pelvic function and QoL in rectal cancer patients. As evidenced by this literature review, the limited reports on this intriguing topic may trigger the initiative for planning and undertaking larger, multicentre studies on rectal cancer patients with varying degrees of AL severity.
A review of tracer testing techniques in porous media specially attributed to the oil and gas industry
Authors: Patidar Atul Kumar , Joshi Dev , Dristant Utkarsh , Choudhury Tanupriya 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe significance of the tracer testing technique is widely accepted in reservoir performance analysis in hydrology as well as in hydrocarbon exploration and production. The subsurface reservoir delineation for hydrocarbon exploration and optimum production is one of the most critical aspects of petroleum system analysis. The quality of the reservoir and its performance prediction require extensive knowledge of qualitative reservoir geology, its depositional environment, facies heterogeneity and engineering properties of subsurface formations. Tracer testing is amongst the few techniques available in the oil and gas (O&G) industry, which stands up to these expectations and is successfully used for quantitative determination and analysis of sub-seismic scale structural and stratigraphic heterogeneities. Tracer testing is also being utilized in determining residual oil saturation (Sor) and lateral correlation of reservoir properties in the subsurface. Apart from the O&G industry, the concentration-based applications of tracer testing have been proved in hydrology, geothermal and medical science. A comprehensive review is presented to explain the application of tracer testing technique to investigate porous media, mainly in O&G industry. The type of tracers used, their selection criteria, concentration, and natural versus gradient and qualitative to a quantitative application are discussed in the current review. Generally, two types of tracers (chemical and radioactive) are preferred in the petroleum industry for gas/fluid flow assessment, waterflood optimization and establishing connectivity between multiple wells. The current paper reviews both types of tracer tests, namely single well and inter well, in detail discussing the objectives, calculations, designing, injection, sampling, laboratory analysis and knowledge integration. The preliminary aim was to provide a review of the tracer testing technique used in reservoir evaluation and well-to-well connectivity analysis.
Genomic and transcriptomic analysis of Korean colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Jeon Sol A , Ha Ye Jin , Kim Jong-Hwan , Kim Jeong-Hwan , Kim Seon-Kyu , Kim Yong Sung , Kim Seon-Young , Kim Jin Cheon 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of diagnosed cancer in the world and has the second-highest mortality rate. Meanwhile, South Korea has the second-highest incidence rate for CRC in the world.

Objective
To assess the possible influence of ethnicity on the molecular profile of colorectal cancer, we compared genomic and transcriptomic features of South Korean CRCs with European CRCs.

Methods
We assembled a genomic and transcriptomic dataset of South Korean CRC patients (KOCRC; n = 126) from previous studies and European cases (EUCRC; n = 245) selected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Then, we compared the two datasets in terms of clinical data, driver genes, mutational signature, gene sets, consensus molecular subtype, and fusion genes.

Results
These two cohorts showed similar profiles in driver mutations but differences in the mutation frequencies of some driver genes (including APC, TP53, PABPC1, FAT4, MUC7, HSPG2, GNAS, DENND5B, and BRAF). Analysis of hallmark pathways using genomic data sets revealed further differences between these populations in the WNT, TP53, and NOTCH signaling pathways. In consensus molecular subtype (CMS) analyses of the study cases, no BRAF mutations were found in the CMS1 subtype of KOCRC, which contrasts with previous findings. Fusion gene analysis identified oncogenic fusion of PTPRK-RSPO3 in a subset of KOCRC patients without APC mutations.

Conclusions
This study presents insights into the genomic landscape of KOCRCs and reveals some similarities and differences with EUCRCs at the molecular level.
Progressive Collapse Assessment and Retrofit of a Multistory Steel Braced Office Building
Authors: Ferraioli Massimiliano , Lavino Angelo , Mandara Alberto 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe progressive collapse of the building structures due to abnormal loads has attracted global attention in recent years. Many studies in the literature have been dedicated to the analysis and design procedures for progressive collapse resistance, and several technological solutions have been developed for progressive collapse retrofit. However, many studies are based on simple models and their validity and possibility to generalize the research results to current practice are rather limited. Moreover, there are still not many case studies developed based on full-scale real buildings. The present paper contributes to filling this gap by investigating the robustness of a quite complex real case study, namely a steel braced frame building erected in the early ‘60 s in Naples-Italy to house the Civil Engineering Authority. To this aim, different column removal scenarios have been considered and both nonlinear static and dynamic analyses have been carried out. The results have highlighted that the simple braced frames are susceptible to progressive collapse due to the weak brace connections. However, joint strengthening is not a viable solution, because it would prevent the full functionality of this strategic building during the implementation of the progressive collapse retrofit. As an alternative, an outrigger-belt truss system has been developed that applies the concept of Vierendeel truss system to redistribute the loads due to the column removal. The effectiveness of the proposed retrofit strategy to improve the progressive collapse resistance of the building has been verified through nonlinear dynamic analyses, proving its feasibility for practical applications.
Aurocyanide adsorption onto granular activated carbon impregnated with SDS anionic surfactant
Authors: Vargas C. , Navarro P. , Mejía E. , Hernández P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe impregnation of granular activated carbon with the anionic surfactant sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) was studied and the influence on aurocyanide adsorption was evaluated. Thermodynamic and kinetic parameters were also determined. The impregnation of activated carbon with SDS improves gold adsorption by 10%, showing a cleansing effect on the carbon surface which was displayed in a higher specific surface area. Specific pore volume and average pore diameter did not undergo important changes. Increasing the temperature decreases gold adsorption on modified carbon. The standard enthalpy of adsorption and the activation energy were calculated, getting values of − 41.3 kJ/mol and 15.0 kJ/mol, respectively.
Feature recommendation for structural equation model discovery in process mining
Authors: Qafari Mahnaz Sadat , van der Aalst Wil M. P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractProcess mining techniques can help organizations to improve their operational processes. Organizations can benefit from process mining techniques in finding and amending the root causes of performance or compliance problems. Considering the volume of the data and the number of features captured by the information system of today’s companies, the task of discovering the set of features that should be considered in causal analysis can be quite involving. In this paper, we propose a method for finding the set of (aggregated) features with a possible causal effect on the problem. The causal analysis task is usually done by applying a machine learning technique to the data gathered from the information system supporting the processes. To prevent mixing up correlation and causation, which may happen because of interpreting the findings of machine learning techniques as causal, we propose a method for discovering the structural equation model of the process that can be used for causal analysis. We have implemented the proposed method as a plugin in ProM, and we have evaluated it using real and synthetic event logs. These experiments show the validity and effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Serum calcium levels are associated with cognitive function in hypoparathyroidism: a neuropsychological and biochemical study in an Italian cohort of patients with chronic post-surgical hypoparathyroidism
Authors: Saponaro F. , Alfi G. , Cetani F. , Matrone A. , Mazoni L. , Apicella M. , Pardi E. , Borsari S. , Laurino M. , Lai E. , Gemignani A. , Marcocci C. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) is a rare endocrine disease and conventional therapy is based on calcium and vitamin D analogues. Conventional therapy does not restore calcium homeostasis and patients complain with neuropsychological symptoms, which have been evaluated with nonspecific self-administered questionnaires. This study aims to evaluate cognitive functions of patients with chronic post-surgical (PS)-HypoPT compared to a control population, using a standardized neuropsychological approach and evaluating the relationship with serum calcium (Alb-Ca).

Methods
Observational, monocentric study on 33 patients with PS-HypoPT and 24 controls, in whom biochemical testing and a standardized neuropsychological assessment by a trained psychologist were performed.

Results
In patients with PS-HypoPT, low Alb-Ca correlated with a worse performance on semantic memory abilities and executive function, as suggested by a significant inverse correlation between Alb-Ca and Trail Making Test A (TMT-A) scores (r = − 0.423; p = 0.014) and by a positive correlation with Semantic Fluency Test scores (SF)(r = 0.510; p = 0.002). PS-HypoPT patients with Alb-Ca ≤ 8.9 mg/dl had a significantly lower test performance compared with PS-HypoPT patients with Alb-Ca > 8.9 mg/dl, both at the TMT-A test (mean score: 34.53–18.55; p < 0.0001) and at SF test (mean score: 41.94–48.68; p = 0.01) and also a significantly lower test performance compared with control patients’ group at TMT-A (mean score: 34.53–25.5; p = 0.0057).

Conclusions
Patients with chronic PS-HypoPT in conventional therapy do not show a severe cognitive impairment; however, cognitive functions namely visuo-spatial attention, executive function and semantic memory appear to be modulated by Alb-Ca and impaired by its low levels.
Low-Thrust Orbit Dynamics and Periodic Trajectories in the Earth–Moon System
Authors: De Leo L. , Pontani M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study employs the circular restricted three-body problem (CR3BP) as the dynamical framework, for the purpose of investigating low-thrust orbit dynamics in the Earth–Moon system. First, the effect of low thrust on some dynamical structures that exist in the CR3BP is analyzed. Low-thrust capture and escape dynamics in the proximity of the Moon is investigated for preliminary mission analysis. Then, low-thrust periodic orbits—with potential practical application—are detected. To do this, the theorem of mirror trajectories, proven 6 decades ago, is extended to low-thrust trajectories. This represents the theoretical premise for the definition and use of a numerical search methodology based on modified Poincaré maps. This approach leads to identifying several low-thrust periodic orbits in the Earth–Moon system that are infeasible if only unpowered paths are considered. Two possible applications of low-thrust periodic orbits are described: (a) cycling transfer trajectories that connect Earth and Moon continuously, and (b) non-Keplerian periodic paths about the Moon, with potential use as operational orbits for satellite constellations.
The Authenticity of Digital News Coverage in the Mainstream Media in Japan
Authors: Miyazoe Terumi , Sato Shinichi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis research examines the authenticity of digital news coverage in the mainstream media in Japan via a specific case study, namely ‘Doctoral Students Have Decreased by Half’. In research, ‘fake news’ comprises two elements, facticity and intentionality; this study focuses on facticity or misinformation. Studies regarding ‘fake news’ are abundant, but those focussing on the mainstream digital media and Japan are highly scarce. This study applied a gap analysis, a comparison between the expected original information and the actual news coverage in a reversed direction. The study first detected and examined the original governmental data and announcements on which a series of news reports were based. Next, it drew a compare and contrast between the news on selective mainstream media and the original information. The reported drop in the number of doctoral students could be a ‘false alarm’ for prospective target audiences, implying that digital news portals may disseminate misinformation. The analysis also revealed that the current structure of digital news making, segmented into multiformat comprising headlines, texts, videos, captions, and others, may make the information verification process more complex and obstructed for individuals. The study also points at the risk of spread of misinformation and of memory retention, amplified by the use of culture-specific symbolic numbers, which weakens our reasoning ability. The findings emphasise the importance of updating our digital media literacy and making collaborative efforts to make local research internationally sharable to advance the understanding of ‘fake news’ research in this multimedia era.
Disruption of three polyamine uptake transporter genes in rice by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing confers tolerance to herbicide paraquat
Authors: Lyu Yu-Shu , Cao Li-Miao , Huang Wen-Qian , Liu Jian-Xiang , Lu Hai-Ping 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWeeds are a major biotic constraint that can cause dramatic crop production losses. Herbicide technology has been widely used by farmers as the most cost-effective weed control measure, and development of new strategy to improve herbicide tolerance in plants is urgently needed. The CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing tool has been used in diverse applications related to agricultural technology for crop improvement. Here we identified three polyamine uptake transporter (PUT) genes in rice that are homologous to the Arabidopsis AtRMV1. We successfully demonstrate that CRISPR/Cas9-targeted mutagenesis of OsPUT1/2/3 greatly improves paraquat resistance in rice without obvious yield penalty. Therefore, manipulation of these loci could be valuable for producing transgene-free rice with improved herbicide resistance in future.
Design and automation at the end of modernity: the teachings of the pandemic
Authors: Carpo Mario 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMany in the design community have long claimed that digital mass-customization is cheaper, faster, smarter and more environmentally sustainable than the mechanical mass-production of standardized industrial products; and that the electronic transmission of information is cheaper, faster, smarter, and more environmentally sustainable than the mechanical transportation of people and goods. The global pandemic has tragically proven that a computational alternative to the modern, mechanical way of making, working, and living, now exists, and it is viable. When we had to shut down corporate offices, global megafactories, suburban shopping malls, and intercontinental airports, we did. We did because we had to; but also because today's technology already allows us to do so.
On the Step Type of Continuous Propagating Positive Leader in Laboratory‐Scale Long Spark Discharges
Authors: Huang Shengxin , Chen Weijiang , Fu Zhong , Xiang Nianwen , Ding Yujian , Cheng Dengfeng , Gu Jianwei , Pei Zhehao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPositive leader steps are currently not well understood. Many recent findings challenge the previous understanding of the positive leader steps occurring in continuous leader development. In this work, we investigate the stepping propagation of positive leaders in laboratory spark discharge by using a high‐speed video camera and a synchronized electrical parameter measurement system. Two types of steps were distinguished in the positive leader continuous development process based on the current pulse features. One type of step exhibits a bell‐shaped current pulse, while the other type of step exhibits a steep current rise. The former type vanishes when the rising rate of the ambient electric field increases, whereas the latter type, which could be led by a separate luminous structure, does not.