bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Care Network Characteristics on Physician Visit Experiences for Black, White, and Hispanic Older Adults With Dementia
Authors: Wyman Mary F , Vega Irving E , Cabrera Laura Y , Amini Reza , Kim Kyeongmo , Tarraf Wassim 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesMost older adults with dementia are assisted by multiple caregivers, but the relationship of care network structure with health care access and quality is underexamined. We sought to test the associations of care network characteristics with the physician visit experience for older adults with dementia across diverse racial/ethnic groups.MethodsWe used data on Medicare beneficiaries (aged 65+) with dementia from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (2015–2019) to fit logistic regression models to test associations between physician visit outcomes and (a) size of the potential care network and (b) proportion of potential care network members (PCNMs) currently helping with daily functioning tasks. We also tested for modifications by race/ethnicity.ResultsHispanic respondents had the largest potential care networks (M = 6.89, standard deviation [SD] = 3.58) and the smallest proportion of PCNMs providing help with daily functioning (M = 29.89%, SD = 22.29). In models adjusted for demographics and dementia classification, both network size and proportional involvement of PCNMs were positively associated with the presence of a PCNM and assistance during the visit. Associations remained significant at 4-year follow-up for the presence of PCNM at the visit and were robust to further adjustments for insurance type, income, and health factors. Associations were not modified by race/ethnicity.DiscussionLarger networks and a higher proportion of PCNMs providing assistance predicted caregiver presence and assistance at the physician visit but not access to care. Findings suggest that strengthening care networks early in the disease may support improved health care outcomes for persons with dementia across diverse populations.
Deformations of Semi-Smooth Varieties
Authors: Fantechi Barbara , Franciosi Marco , Pardini Rita 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
For a singular variety $X$, an essential step to determine its smoothability and study its deformations is the understanding of the tangent sheaf and of the sheaf $\mathcal {T}^{1}_{X}:={{\mathcal {E}}xt}^{1}(\Omega _{X},\mathcal {O}_{X})$. A variety is semi-smooth if its singularities are étale locally the product of a double crossing point ($uv=0$) or a pinch point ($u^2-v^2w=0$) with affine space; equivalently, if it can be obtained by gluing a smooth variety along a smooth divisor via an involution with smooth quotient. Our main result is the explicit computation of the tangent sheaf and the sheaf $\mathcal {T}^{1}_{X}$ for a semi-smooth variety $X$ in terms of the gluing data.
Two-Point Boundary Value Problems on Diffeomorphism Groups
Authors: Heslin Patrick 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We consider a variety of geodesic equations on Sobolev diffeomorphism groups, including the equations of ideal hydrodynamics. We prove that solutions of the corresponding two-point boundary value problems are precisely as smooth as their boundary conditions. We further utilise this regularity property to construct continuously differentiable exponential maps in the Frechét setting.
On Explicit Representations of Isotropic Measures in John and Löwner Positions
Authors: Baêta Fernanda Moreira , Haddad Julián 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Given a convex body $K \subseteq {{\mathbb {R}}}^n$ in Löwner position, we study the problem of constructing a non-negative centered isotropic measure supported in the contact points, whose existence is guaranteed by John’s Theorem. The method we propose requires the minimization of a convex function defined in an $\frac {n(n+3)}2$ dimensional vector space. We find a geometric interpretation of the minimizer as $\left . \frac {\partial }{\partial r}(A_r, v_r)\right |_{r=1}$, where $A_r K + v_r$ is a one-parameter family of positions of $K$ that are in some sense related to the maximal intersection position of radius$r$ defined recently by Artstein-Avidan and Katzin.
Optimal Range of Haar Martingale Transforms and Its Applications
Authors: Astashkin Sergey , Huang Jinghao , Pliev Marat , Sukochev Fedor , Zanin Dmitriy 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Let $({{\mathcal {F}}}_n)_{n\ge 0}$ be the standard dyadic filtration on $[0,1)$. Let ${\mathbb {E}}_{{{\mathcal {F}}}_n}$ be the conditional expectation from $ L_1=L_1[0,1)$ onto ${{\mathcal {F}}}_n$, $n\ge 0$, and let ${\mathbb {E}}_{{{\mathcal {F}}}_{-1}} =0$. We present the sharp estimate for the distribution function of the martingale transform $T$ defined by $$ \begin{align*} Tf=\sum_{m=0}^\infty \left( \mathbb{E}_{\mathcal{F}_{2m}} f-\mathbb{E}_{\mathcal{F}_{2m-1}}f \right), ~f\in L_1, \end{align*}$$in terms of the classical Calderón operator. As an application, for a given symmetric function space $E$ on $[0,1)$, we identify the symmetric space $\mathcal {S}_E$, the optimal Banach symmetric range of martingale transforms/Haar basis projections acting on $E$.
Oscillation of the Remainder Term in the Prime Number Theorem of Beurling, “Caused by a Given ζ-Zero”
Authors: Révész Szilárd Gy. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractContinuing previous studies of the Beurling zeta function, here, we prove two results, generalizing long existing knowledge regarding the classical case of the Riemann zeta function and some of its generalizations. First, we address the question of Littlewood, who asked for explicit oscillation results provided a zeta-zero is known. We prove that given a zero $\rho _0$ of the Beurling zeta function $\zeta _{{\mathcal {P}}}$ for a given number system generated by the primes ${\mathcal {P}}$, the corresponding error term $\Delta (x):=\psi _{{\mathcal {P}}}(x)-x$, where $\psi _{{\mathcal {P}}}(x)$ is the von Mangoldt summatory function shows oscillation in any large enough interval, as large as $\frac {\pi /2-\varepsilon }{|\rho _0|}x^{\Re \rho _0}$. The somewhat mysterious appearance of the constant $\pi /2$ is explained in the study. Finally, we prove as the next main result of the paper the following: given $\varepsilon&gt;0$, there exists a Beurling number system with primes ${\mathcal {P}}$, such that $|\Delta (x)| \le \frac {\pi /2+\varepsilon }{|\rho _0|}x^{\Re \rho _0}$. In this 2nd part, a nontrivial construction of a low norm sine polynomial is coupled by the application of the wonderful recent prime random approximation result of Broucke and Vindas, who sharpened the breakthrough probabilistic construction due to Diamond, Montgomery, and Vorhauer.
A Delphi consensus study to identify priorities for improving and measuring medication safety for intensive care patients on transfer to a hospital ward
Authors: Bourne Richard S , Jennings Jennifer K , Ashcroft Darren M 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundIntensive care patients surviving to transfer to a lower-acuity hospital ward experience ongoing challenges to their recovery and lack a well-defined and developed care pathway. The transfer process to a hospital ward exposes intensive care patients to high rates of medication errors, which increase their risk of adverse drug events.ObjectiveThe aims of this study were to identify priorities for medication-related intervention components and outcome measures for improving medication safety for intensive care patients transferring to a hospital ward.MethodsThree panels involving 129 participants covering (i) intensive care, (ii) hospital ward health-care professionals and (iii) public representatives completed an electronic Delphi survey conducted over three phases. The Delphi process comprised three sections (medication-related intervention components, medication outcomes and patient outcomes). Items were graded in their level of importance, with predefined important criteria. Item agreement required consensus across all three panels. Intervention barriers and facilitators identified in participant comments were categorized according to a socio-technical systems approach to the patient journey and patient safety (Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety 3.0 model).ResultsOf the 129 (84.5%) participants, 109 completed all three Delphi phases. Consensus was achieved for 48 intervention components, 13 medication outcome measures and 11 patient outcome measures. Phase 1 provided 158 comments comprising &gt;200 individual barriers and facilitators to intervention delivery. Frequently cited facilitators included clearly specified roles and responsibilities (10.7% (organizational conditions)), patient and family as agents (8.8% (care team)), medicines-related information easily accessible (7.8% (tools and technologies)) and clear medication plan and communication (7.3% (tasks)).ConclusionsOur findings provide identification of priorities for medication-related intervention components to improve medication safety for intensive care patients transferring to a hospital ward. Prioritization is complemented by the identification and socio-technical categorization of barriers and facilitators to intervention delivery. The identified important medication and patient outcomes to measure will inform the design of a future patient medication safety intervention study.
Predictive score for patients with carbapenemase-producing enterobacterales colonization upon admission in a tertiary care hospital in an endemic area
Authors: Papafotiou Chrysanthe , Roussos Sotirios , Sypsa Vana , Bampali Sofia , Spyridopoulou Kalliopi , Karapanou Amalia , Moussouli Anastasia , Samarkos Michael , Daikos George L , Psichogiou Mina 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) comprise important nosocomial pathogens worldwide. Colonized patients are the source of further dissemination in healthcare settings. Considering that timely detection of CPE carriers is pivotal but universal screening is unfeasible, we aimed to develop and validate a prediction score to detect patients harbouring CPE on hospital admission.

Methods
The study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital located in a CPE endemic area. Rectal swabs were obtained from 2303 patients, screened shortly after hospital admission. The Enterobacterales isolated in cultures were examined for the presence of blaVIM, KPC, NDM, OXA-48 by PCR. Demographic data and patient history of the previous 6 months were recorded. Risk factors for CPE carriage were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model and a points-system risk score was developed. The discriminative ability of the risk score was assessed using the AUC and its predictive performance was validated in a second dataset of 1391 patients in a different time period.

Results
Seven predictors were identified: previous CPE colonization or infection, prior hospitalization, stay in a long-term health care facility, history of ≥2 interventions, renal replacement therapy, diabetes with end-organ damage and Karnofsky score. The developed risk score in the derivation dataset ranged between 0 and 79 points, with an AUC of 0.84 in the derivation and 0.85 in the validation dataset.

Conclusions
This prediction tool may assist in identifying patients who are at risk of harbouring CPE on hospital admission in an endemic area and guide clinicians to implement prompt and appropriate infection control measures.
Sexual Assault: Approach to Reality in the Area of Santiago de Compostela (Galicia, Spain) through a 12-Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Cabarcos-Fernández P , Tabernero-Duque M J , Álvarez-Freire I , Bermejo-Barrera A M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Sexual assault constitutes a severely traumatic experience that impacts the lives of far too many victims each year. The underlying behaviors of the offenders are often associated with psychological, physical and social distress, and the use of psychotropic substances was found in a good number of cases. A descriptive and retrospective review of sexual assault cases has been undertaken to identify trends in the toxicology findings in Drug-Facilitated Sexual Assault in Santiago de Compostela over the past 12 years. During this period, a total of 69 cases were referred to the Forensic Toxicology Service as sexual assault cases. The sex and age distribution of the cases showed that females between the ages of 14 and 65 years constituted the group most frequently submitted to sexual assault, with a peak of 55.1% in the 18- to 30-year age group. Alcohol consumption was positive in 77.1% of positive cases determined, followed by drugs (34.4%) and illicit drugs (26.2%). Our results showed a high percentage of alcohol consumption in sexual assault cases.
Towards super-resolution via iterative multi-exposure coaddition
Authors: Wang Lei , Li Guoliang , Kang Xi 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
In this article, we provide an alternative upsampling and point-spread function (PSF) deconvolution method for iterative multi-exposure coaddition. In contrast to previous works, the new method has a ratio-correction term, which allows the iterations to converge more rapidly to an accurate representation of the underlying image than methods with difference-correction terms. By employing this method, one can coadd undersampled multi-exposures to a super-resolution and obtain a higher peak signal-to-noise ratio. A set of simulations shows that there are many advantages of the new method, e.g. in the signal-to-noise ratio, average deviation of all source fluxes, super-resolution, and source distortion ratio, which are friendly to astronomical photometry and morphology and benefit faint source detection and shear measurement of weak gravitational lensing. The method provides an improvement in fidelity over the previous ones tested in this work.
Modelling globular clusters in the TNG50 simulation: predictions from dwarfs to giant galaxies
Authors: Doppel Jessica E , Sales Laura V , Nelson Dylan , Pillepich Annalisa , Abadi Mario G , Peng Eric W , Marinacci Federico , Naiman Jill , Torrey Paul , Vogelsberger Mark , Weinberger Rainer , Hernquist Lars 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
We present a post-processing catalogue of globular clusters (GCs) for the 39 most massive groups and clusters in the TNG50 simulation of the IlllustrisTNG project (virial masses $M_{200} =[5\times 10^{12} \rm {\!-\!} 2 \times 10^{14}$] M⊙). We tag GC particles to all galaxies with stellar mass M* ≥ 5 × 106 M⊙, and we calibrate their masses to reproduce the observed power-law relation between GC mass and halo mass for galaxies with M200 ≥ 1011 M⊙ (corresponding to M* ∼ 109 M⊙). Here, we explore whether an extrapolation of this MGC–M200 relation to lower mass dwarfs is consistent with current observations. We find a good agreement between our predicted number and specific frequency of GCs in dwarfs with $\rm {\it M}_*=[5 \times 10^6 \rm {\!-\!} 10^9]$ M⊙ and observations. Moreover, we predict a steep decline in the GC occupation fraction for dwarfs with M* &lt; 109 M⊙ that agrees well with current observational constraints. This declining occupation fraction is due to a combination of tidal stripping in all dwarfs plus a stochastic sampling of the GC mass function for dwarfs with M* &lt; 107.5 M⊙. Our simulations also reproduce available constraints on the abundance of intracluster GCs in Virgo and Centaurus A. These successes provide support to the hypothesis that the MGC–M200 relation holds, albeit with more scatter, all the way down to the regime of classical dwarf spheroidals in these environments. Our GC catalogues are publicly available as part of the IllustrisTNG data release.
Evidence for strong progenitor age dependence of type Ia supernova luminosity standardization process
Authors: Lee Young-Wook , Chung Chul , Demarque Pierre , Park Seunghyun , Son Junhyuk , Kang Yijung 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Supernova (SN) cosmology is based on the assumption that the width–luminosity relation (WLR) and the colour–luminosity relation (CLR) in the type Ia SN luminosity standardization would not show absolute magnitude differences with progenitor age. Unlike this expectation, recent age datings of stellar populations in host galaxies have shown significant correlations between progenitor age and Hubble residual (HR). Here, we show that this correlation originates from a strong progenitor age dependence of the zero-points of the WLR and the CLR, in the sense that SNe from younger progenitors are fainter each at given light-curve parameters x1 and c. This 4.6σ result is reminiscent of Baade’s discovery of the zero-point variation of the Cepheid period–luminosity relation with age, and, as such, causes a serious systematic bias with redshift in SN cosmology. Other host properties show substantially smaller and insignificant offsets in the WLR and CLR for the same data set. We illustrate that the differences between the high-$z$ and low-$z$ SNe in the WLR and CLR, and in HR after the standardization, are fully comparable to those between the correspondingly young and old SNe at intermediate redshift, indicating that the observed dimming of SNe with redshift may well be an artefact of overcorrection in the luminosity standardization. When this systematic bias with redshift is properly taken into account, there is little evidence left for an accelerating universe, in discordance with other probes, urging the follow-up investigations with larger samples at different redshift bins.
The high-energy probability distribution of accretion disc luminosity fluctuations
Authors: Mummery Andrew , Balbus Steven 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
The probability density function of accretion disc luminosity fluctuations at high observed energies (i.e. energies larger than the peak temperature scale of the disc) is derived, under the assumption that the temperature fluctuations are lognormally distributed. Thin disc theory is used throughout. While lognormal temperature fluctuations would imply that the disc’s bolometric luminosity is also lognormal, the observed Wien-like luminosity behaves very differently. For example, in contrast to a lognormal distribution, the standard deviation of the derived distribution is not linearly proportional to its mean. This means that these systems do not follow a linear rms-flux relationship. Instead they exhibit very high intrinsic variance, and undergo what amounts to a phase transition, in which the mode of the distribution (in the statistical sense) ceases to exist, even for physically reasonable values of the underlying temperature variance. The moments of this distribution are derived using asymptotic expansion techniques. A result that is important for interpreting observations is that the theory predicts that the fractional variability of these disc systems should increase as the observed frequency is increased. The derived distribution will be of practical utility in quantitatively understanding the variability of disc systems observed at energies above their peak temperature scale, including X-ray observations of tidal disruption events.
SN 2019ein: a Type Ia supernova likely originated from a sub-Chandrasekhar-mass explosion
Authors: Xi Gaobo , Wang Xiaofeng , Li Wenxiong , Mo Jun , Zhang Jujia , Liu Jialian , Chen Zhihao , Filippenko Alexei V , Zheng Weikang , Brink Thomas G , Zhang Xinghan , Sai Hanna , Ehgamberdiev Shuhrat A , Mirzaqulov Davron , Zhang Jicheng 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
We present extensive optical photometric and spectroscopic observations for the nearby Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2019ein, spanning the phases from ∼3 to ∼330 d after the explosion. This SN Ia is characterized by extremely fast expansion at early times, with initial velocities of Si ii and Ca ii being above ∼25 000–30 000 km s−1. After experiencing an unusually rapid velocity decay, the ejecta velocity dropped to ∼13 000 km s−1 around maximum light. Photometrically, SN 2019ein has a moderate post-peak decline rate (Δm15(B) = 1.35 ± 0.01 mag), while being fainter than normal SNe Ia by about 40 per cent (with $M^{\rm max}_{B} \approx -18.71 \pm 0.15$ mag). The nickel mass synthesized in the explosion is estimated to be 0.27–0.31 M⊙ from the bolometric light curve. Given such a low nickel mass and a relatively high photospheric velocity, we propose that SN 2019ein likely had a sub-Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf (WD) progenitor, MWD ≲ 1.22 M⊙. In this case, the explosion could have been triggered by a double-detonation mechanism, for which 1D and 2D models with WD mass MWD ≈ 1 M⊙ and a helium shell of 0.01 M⊙ can reasonably produce the observed bolometric light curve and spectra. The predicted asymmetry as a result of double detonation is also favoured by the redshifted Fe ii and Ni ii lines observed in the nebular-phase spectrum. Possible diversity in origin of high velocity SNe Ia is also discussed.
Inferring binary black holes stellar progenitors with gravitational wave sources
Authors: Mastrogiovanni S , Lamberts A , Srinivasan R , Bruel T , Christensen N 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
With its last observing run, the LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA collaboration has detected almost one hundred gravitational waves from compact binary coalescences. A common approach to studying the population properties of the observed binaries is to use phenomenological models to describe the spin, mass, and redshift distributions. More recently, with the aim of providing a clearer link to astrophysical processes forming the observed compact binaries coalescences, several authors have proposed to employ synthetic catalogues for population studies. In this paper, we review how to employ and interpret synthetic binary catalogues for gravitational-wave progenitors studies. We describe how to build multichannel merger rates and describe their associated probabilities focusing on stellar progenitor properties. We introduce a method to quantify the match between the phenomenological reconstruction of merger rates with synthetic catalogues. We detail the implementation of synthetic catalogues for multichannel hierarchical Bayesian inference, highlighting computational aspects and issues related to hyper-prior choice. We find that when inferring stellar progenitors’ properties from gravitational-wave observations, the relative efficiency in compact objects production should be taken into account. Finally, by simulating binary black hole detections with LIGO and Virgo sensitivity expected for the O4 observing run, we present two case studies related to the inference of the common envelope efficiency and progenitor metallicity of the binary black holes. We finally discuss how progenitors’ properties can be linked to binary black hole properties.