bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract Concepts and the Embodied Mind
Authors: Dove Guy 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Our thoughts depend on knowledge about objects, people, properties, and events. In order to think about where we left our keys, what we are going to make for dinner, when we last fed the dogs, and how we are going to survive our next visit with our family, we need to know something about locations, keys, cooking, dogs, survival, families, and so on. Researchers have sought to explain how our brains can store and access such general knowledge. A growing body of evidence suggests that many of our concepts are grounded in action, emotion, and perception systems. We appear to think about the world by means of the same mechanisms that we use to experience it. Abstract concepts like “democracy,” “fermion,” “piety,” “truth,” and “zero” represent a clear challenge to this idea. Given that they represent a uniquely human cognitive achievement, answering the question of how we acquire and use them is central to our ability to understand ourselves. In Abstract Concepts and the Embodied Mind, Guy Dove contends that abstract concepts are heterogeneous and pose three important challenges to embodied cognition. They force us to ask these questions: How do we generalize beyond the specifics of our experience? How do we think about things that we do not experience directly? How do we adapt our thoughts to specific contexts and tasks? He argues that a successful theory of grounding must embrace multimodal representations, hierarchical architecture, and linguistic scaffolding. Abstract concepts are the product of an elastic mind.
The Influence of Reuse on Architectural Practices in Late Imperial Rome
Authors: Ann Dumser Elisha 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Much of what is known about Roman building practices derives from the study of structures built between the 2nd century bce and the 2nd century ce. Shifting our focus to the late Roman Empire reveals very different practices at work. In the 3rd and 4th centuries ce there are far fewer of the freshly quarried and custom requisitioned architectural marbles that had dominated imperial building a century earlier. In their place, reuse emerges as a normative architectural practice, even for the most prestigious imperial commissions. Carved architectural elements and relief sculpture appear in secondary contexts as a matter of course, and architectural designs adapt in response to reused materials. Yet reuse in late imperial Rome also extends to the building sites themselves: by the Tetrarchal period, almost every major imperial commission is built atop or adjoining another structure. Using late 3rd- and early 4th-century imperial commissions in Rome as a case study, the chapter outlines the evidence for this shift in architectural practice and argues for a new appreciation of the complexities of designing and building in a city that had seen over 1,000 years of continuous habitation and four centuries of dense urban construction in concrete.
Modeling Hermogenes
Authors: Holzman Samuel 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The Modeling Hermogenes seminar, a graduate course in fall 2014 at the University of Pennsylvania, built a computer model of the Hellenistic temple of Artemis Leukophryene at Magnesia on the Maeander to analyze the architectural remains of this now ruined building. This experiment of Bauforschung in three dimensions sought to access the visual and experiential aspects of the innovative pseudodipteral temple plan designed by Hermogenes (c. 200 bce). Digital visualization proved to be an essential research tool because conventional pen-and-ink illustrations of the temple in plan, elevation, and section provide little impression of the in-person appearance of the structure. Recreating in three dimensions the conjectural elements of the superstructure, ceiling, and roofing—which are so often assumed and hidden in reconstructions—laid bare the construction challenges and possible solutions used at Magnesia. The experimental process of computer modeling revealed the engineering of the optical effects that earned this monument fame in antiquity for its audacious spaciousness. Visualizing the encircling portico highlights the significance of the contrast between the exterior colonnade and the open interior that produced the deceptive quality of the pseudodipteral design.
Roofing Without Timber
Authors: Kienast Hermann J. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
+The Tower of the Winds in Athens figures among the most ingenious creations of ancient architecture. Erected at the end of the second century ce it is the best-preserved building from antiquity in all of Greece and the only one with a completely extant roof. The tower has an octagonal floor plan and consists from bottom to top of fine Pentelic marble. The truly unique roofing system is constructed with 24 tapering solid slabs abutting a central keystone. On the outside these slabs create an octagonal pyramid, while on the inside they have a round base and form a dome-like ceiling. The slabs rest on the walls of the tower and are kept in place by the ring of sima blocks. To sustain the considerable pressure, these blocks are carefully linked together with iron clamps. The roofing system has substantial weight given its span of more than seven meters—for its period a rather daring construction.
Into the Slow Field
Authors: Lagerkvist Amanda 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This chapter introduces the materials studied, the methodological considerations, and the ethics and ethos of research in the field of death and mourning online. It explains that the study is a contribution to qualitative media studies and internet research and that it uses a multimethod research design. The study combines theoretically and philosophically informed close readings of a range of materials with ethnographic methods in the field of bereavement. Three groups were studied: Vi som förlorat barn, Vi som förlorat någon mitt i livet, and Spädbarnsfonden. The chapter also discusses both research ethics and an ethos for scholarship in relation to “the slow field” of death and mourning online. Attending to limits may force us to scrutinize our own practices and values—our axiology as researchers of media. This field requires of the researcher that she make a range of methodological choices that in turn rely on and bring into being a practical ethics. In this field the researcher is forced to slow down, and thereby problematize the norms of speed and quantity in data-gathering in nonafflicted contexts. If we place mourners centrally, the question of ethics shifts, from seeing to hearing, from principles to praxis, from solutionist instrumentarian ethics to ethics as the cultivation of self-judgment and practical wisdom. This study draws on the virtue ethics approach of Charles M. Ess and applies the “Good Samaritan Approach.” It suggests an ethics of slowing down, of revering nonaction, and of silence, as it stresses the role of shared vulnerability online.
Postscript—Going Dark
Authors: Lagerkvist Amanda 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The postscript summarizes the mission and motives of existential media studies and the potentials for refusal in the digital limit situation through slowness, silence, and waiting. It repeats three key insights that can be learned from mourners, the coexisters, about digital media, which have to do with disconnection, gaps, and silences as both needs and facts of life; it stresses the double void opened up in loss online of the lost someone, and the postinteractive communicative practices among the mourners, as contours for alternative modes of being human in the digital age. It finally emphasizes the need for coalitions between existential media studies and for example disability studies and critical race theory and other ongoing discussions on refusal, while stressing the urgency for academic work in the humanities and social sciences broadly to responsibly move onto the frontiers of the digital limit situation.
‘but I was only remembered’
Authors: Nowell Smith David 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This chapter explores the role played by memory both in Graham’s verse practice and in his poetic imaginary. Memory was central to Graham’s idea of the poem as art object; ‘the eye reads forward as the memory reads back’, creating a temporal complex between the poem itself and its afterlives in reading. This makes the poem’s objecthood dependent not just on the reader’s acts of memory, but on the fact of being remembered, and in many of Graham’s late poems about his childhood in Greenock, he sees poetry itself as engaged in acts of remembering and memorialization. The chapter explores these poems’ performances of memory, as well as their anxieties about being remembered—and also about surviving only in memory.
And Did Those Feet?
Authors: Whittaker Jason 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This chapter outlines the conditions under which the original Milton stanzas by Blake came to be written, relating them to the events of his arrest for sedition in Felpham, on the Sussex coast, as well as the complex mythology of his illuminated prophecies. At the same time it covers Blake’s relationship with his patron William Hayley, as well as the artist’s early engravings and paintings. It looks at the Preface to Milton a Poem, and the chapter ends with an explanation of what Blake may have meant in the stanzas, representing an appeal to the young men of the new age to reject the militarism of the country’s rulers.
The Laws of Nature and the Origins of the World
Authors: Wilson Catherine 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Already in the late 1620s Descartes had envisioned a self-organising corpuscular cosmos along Epicurean lines as an alternative to the Genesis story of divine creation. This account was filled in in the following century with geological and palaeological discoveries that dramatically extended the presumed age of the earth and foretold its eventual annihilation. Kant's first book the Universal Natural History offered a similar account which, however, expressed his deep puzzlement over the origins of living nature, suggested the persistence of human souls even after the destruction of the earth, and satirically compared morally mediocre human beings with their superior neighbours on other planets.
Futility and Transcendence
Authors: Wilson Catherine 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Kant attempted to find reasons for political hope and moral fortitude in human rationality; in ‘signs of the times’, the French Revolution before the Terror; and in the possibility of developmental forces working towards a more just and pacific society despite or even through human malice and destructive energy. Warfare, he claimed, could be an instrument of progress, a message enthusiastically received by nineteenth century militarists. In other contexts, Kant displayed a total opposition to warfare. His disinterest in the windings of just war theory was shared with Buffon, Voltaire, Rousseau and the Abbé St. Pierre, and his concrete suggestions for eliminating nationalistic war were radical and sound, though he had little confidence they would be implemented. At times he appeared to lose faith in the human race entirely, suggesting that it was doomed to extinction and perhaps replacement somewhere in the universe by a better class of rational beings.
Where Is God’s Body?
Authors: Copenhaver Brian P. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
When Christians went to church and prayed at Mass, their faith required them to believe that Christ came in his body to that very place, where they saw God there in front of them on an altar. The doctrine of the eucharist, enacted in the liturgy of the Mass, was that Christ came every day—body and blood, soul, and divinity—to altars in churches everywhere in Christendom. Yet no one ever actually saw the body or the blood. In all those places, the only sacramental sights were bread and wine consecrated by a priest: how could that be? Pico took such questions up in three of his condemned theses, using tools of logic and precedents of law to examine the eucharist as a miracle of ‘impanation’ or ‘embreadment,’ just as God’s incarnation was a miracle of ‘enfleshment.’
Introduction
Authors: Crisp Oliver D. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This introduction orients the reader to the motivation and shape of the present volume. It sets up some fundamental questions about prayer, and identifies it as a central practice of the Christian religion. It then gives an account of the study of and literature about petitionary prayer, and the current shift in analytic theological research to liturgical matters. There is a brief account of the foundation by the three book editors and work of the Fuller AT Project out of which a number of the chapters of this book arose. The following, and principal section consists of summaries of each of the book’s twelve chapters.
Toward an Account of Lamenting Well
Authors: Timpe Kevin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This chapter aims to explore the nature of certain forms of lament as an acceptable object of analytic theology. While not all lament is Christian, there are a number of proper Christian expressions of lament. Starting with scriptural lament, particularly as found in the Psalms, the chapter looks at the nature of lament. Once the nature of lament is established, the chapter then explores lament’s connection with hope, arguing that lament can both help orient its practitioners toward goods that are not yet possessed and help secure those goods that God ultimately intends for us. The chapter suggests that, like the virtue of hope, lament often is inherently social. It concludes with a discussion that there is a virtue of lamenting well. This chapter should be thought of not as a final product within analytic theology but rather as an invitation to engage in analytic theological reflection on lament.
Theology in the Second Person
Authors: Inman Ross D. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The aim of the chapter is to explore the irreducibly second-personal dimension of properly ordered theological inquiry. The first (and longest) section sketches a component of a larger ontology of Holy Scripture, one indicative of a second-person dimension to Holy Scripture, namely Scripture as divine speech or address. And if Holy Scripture as the principal ground of dogmatics is irreducibly second-personal at some level, then arguably the well-formed dogmatic task ought to be carried out in the manner of interpersonal relatedness to God, a “prayerful dogmatics.” The second section offers some historical reflections from the work of Karl Barth on the inseparability of dogmatics and prayer. The third and final section explores how the notion of prayerful dogmatics can serve as a guard rail that keeps the dogmatic task properly theological and thereby formational (2 Cor. 3: 18).
Does God Pray?
Authors: Sonderegger Katherine 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
It is a Christian conviction that it is only people who pray. The chapter aims to distinguish some accepted doctrines around this. It is the common understanding of prayer as a demonstration of lack that entails that God could not pray. A second idea about prayer is that it seeks the Unseen; and this also cannot characterize an action of God. Prayer is an asking; and its nature is indicated by the object of this asking, that is, God. This confirms, it seems, the established view that God cannot pray. The chapter then raises a challenge to this, adducing some instances from the Bible to show the possibility of God at prayer, and rejecting the suggestion of Aquinas and others that these should be regarded metaphorically. The chapter contends that the conjunction of God and the created is indicated in Romans 8. It determines to arrive at an account of the Persons, Processions, and Nature, of God and finds that He may pray and so humans may participate with Him fully.
Blessing God as Pledge of Allegiance
Authors: Arcadi James M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The Eucharistic liturgies of the Anglican and Orthodox traditions begin with prayers that take the form of a blessing of God and God’s kingdom. However, it is not entirely clear what it means to bless God or God’s kingdom in this liturgical context, or indeed in any context. This chapter utilizes the account of speech act theory devised by William Alston to offer a constructive explication of these prayers. It analyzes candidate interpretations offered by Nicholas Wolterstorff and Alexander Schmemann, before developing one of Schmemann’s suggestions to greater specificity. Thus, the chapter argues that we ought to understand these liturgical prayers to be instances of the minister’s and the people’s pledging allegiance to God and God’s kingdom. Such an interpretation comports best with the relevant liturgical, theological, and philosophical material.
Conclusion
Authors: Roy Anupama 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This chapter ties the arguments of the book together. It reiterates that the narrative structuring of ‘crisis’ that makes an ‘appropriate’ citizenship law imperative, mystifies the ways in which law serves as a ‘cultural and institutional artefact’ that masks the claims of the ruling regimes to organize the different aspects of social relations. Law may also be seen as an ideology which legitimates these practices, but stands in an ‘active relationship’ with society, often in a field of conflict. The space of citizenship assemblage precipitated by Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) and National Register of Citizens (NRC) is replete with ‘irruptions’ which took ‘insurgent’ and ‘iterative’ forms. The debates in the Parliament recalled the constitutional secularism of the founding moment of the Republic to oppose the ideological framework of ethnic-majoritarianism embodied in the CAA. The Constitution was recalled and reclaimed in the city streets and became emblematic of the transformative moment, which was resurrected by the people in their search for democracy as a ‘permanent ideal’.
The Great Exodus
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Sekhar , Chaudhury Anasua Basu Ray 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Chapter 2 explains why the Namasudra peasants of East Bengal did not migrate to India immediately after the Partition in 1947. It looks at the role of Jogendranath Mandal and the Bengal branch of the All India Scheduled Castes Federation, which advocated a Dalit–Muslim alliance. It examines why and how that alliance broke down as a result of rising Islamic nationalism and an unusual scarcity of resources in the post-Partition East Bengal. The chapter looks critically at the riots of 1950, which triggered the great East Bengali Dalit peasant migration. It examines why the Delhi Pact of 1950 failed to stem the tide of this migration, which continued until the border was sealed in 1957. It also argues that the Dalit peasants migrated because they suffered from a profound sense of insecurity created by a pervasive environment of low-intensity violence. We call it post-Partition conjunctural violence with its own temporality, produced by the specific historical context of Partition, and its complex aftermath. It seriously disrupted the historic patterns of Dalit–Muslim relations in the East Bengal countryside. For the Dalit migrants, the experience of displacement had been so very traumatic that it had created for them a permanent rupture with the past. Most of them never wanted to go back to their old homeland. But on arrival in West Bengal—the new homeland of the Hindus—they soon found that they were not welcome here either.
Power, Independence, Gender, and Consent
Authors: Vanita Ruth 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This chapter considers the question of non-sexual intimacy between a woman and a man (through the stories of a woman who uses yogic powers to possess a man, and a man who does the same to a woman) and the question of consent. It analyses the fragility of male power and asks whether a man can really protect a woman. Intimacy with Sulabha makes Janaka deeply anxious, and his language suggests that he suspects her of being a viṣa-kanyā (poison-maiden), sent by a rival king to assassinate him. He accuses Sulabha of crossing gender lines by giving up female power (which he defines as youth, beauty, and good fortune) and encroaching on male domains. Sulabha responds by unpacking the nature of royal and patriarchal power. She logically demonstrates that powerful men always depend on others and are therefore insecure and fearful.
Revenge, Forgiveness, and Gender-Crossing
Authors: Vanita Ruth 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This chapter intervenes in the debate about Amba’s revenge on Bhishma. I question the idea of revenge as feminist, and contrast Amba with the daughters of Kushanabha in the Ramayana, who restrain their desire to injure an antagonist who injures them. Arguing that debate is shaped by the relative power of participants, I demonstrate through close reading that Amba’s decision to kill Bhishma is shaped by pressure from older men, who close off other options that she considers. This chapter examines the paradoxical fact that both Amba and Bhishma are perceived as crossing gender boundaries. Shishupala derides Bhishma for being celibate and childless, and says that he belongs to the tṛtiya prakṛti (third nature), a category that in the Kamasutra is applied to men who desire men.
Introduction
Authors: Kinzer Bruce 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This Introduction explains the rationale for the volume’s choice of theme, examines the major works in Brian Harrison’s record of scholarly achievement, and situates the substance of the book’s chapters in relation to the volume’s central motif and Harrison’s chief preoccupations. Harrison’s books, taken together, constitute the heart of his contribution to our understanding of modern British history. The Introduction gives dedicated attention to each of them, analysing their origin, character, and purpose. It also considers the reception each elicited. The importance of Harrison’s Oxford setting in shaping the course of his development as a scholar is duly noted. After following the trail of this development, the Introduction briefly discusses each of the chapters that make up Reform and Its Complexities in Modern Britain, elucidating their relevance to the theme of reform and its complexities and indicating their association with Harrison’s own concerns. It closes with the suggestion that the complexities of reform spring not from the concept itself but from the motives and actions of specific individuals seeking to bring about particular kinds of change, from the responses generated by these actions, and from the conditions that give meaning to the conduct of reformers and anti-reformers alike.
Inexhaustible Vicissitudes
Authors: Cannadine David 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This chapter explores the unintended consequences of the acquisition by Oxford University Press of the Dictionary of National Biography in 1917. The aim of this transaction was to ensure that the DNB would indeed continue to print, and continue to be updated, which did happen. But it was not until the 1990s that the greater hope—namely that the whole DNB would be revised—was actually realized, with the creation of the ODNB. The complexities of these reform processes is the focus of this investigation. The exploration of these topics also contributes to understanding the transformation of Oxford University into a pre-eminent research university, a development in which the prestigious scholarly outputs of the Press played a significant part.