bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards π‐wires on a semiconductor surface: Benzyne on Si(001)
Authors: Glaser T. , Tripp M. , Luy J.‐N. , Tonner‐Zech R. , Koert U. , Dürr M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTowards the goal of covalently bound molecular wires on silicon, the adsorption of benzyne on Si(001) was studied by means of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), and density functional calculations (DFT). The benzyne molecule is found to adsorb preferentially via the strained triple bond on one dimer of the Si(001) surface which results in an intact π system covalently bound to the surface. With increasing coverage, the molecules primarily adsorb along the dimer rows; on stepped surfaces, these molecular wires are all oriented in the same direction.
Probing Electronic Symmetry Reduction during Charge Migration via Time‐Resolved X‐Ray Diffraction
Authors: Tremblay Jean Christophe , Blanc Ambre , Krause Pascal , Giri Sucharita , Dixit Gopal 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe present work focuses on probing ultrafast charge migration after symmetry‐breaking excitation using ultrashort laser pulses. LiCN is chosen as prototypical system because it can be oriented in the laboratory frame and it possesses optically‐accessible charge transfer states at low energies. The charge migration is simulated within the hybrid time‐dependent density functional theory/configuration interaction framework. Time‐resolved electronic current densities and simulated time‐resolved x‐ray diffraction signals are used to unravel the mechanism of charge migration. Our simulations demonstrate that specific choices of laser polarization lead to a control over the symmetry of the induced charge migration. Moreover, time‐resolved x‐ray diffraction signals are shown to encode transient symmetry reduction at intermediate times.
Stability analysis and design of floating load voltage‐controlled current sources
Authors: Pandiev Ivailo M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the structure and techniques for frequency compensation of the floating load voltage‐controlled current sources employing power operational amplifiers (op‐amps), as active building blocks. Based on the performed theoretical analysis, conditions for self‐oscillation are determined, and an approach for introducing frequency compensation in a predetermined bandwidth is proposed. The obtained analytical expressions, as well as some additional conditions, are the basis of the proposed design procedure. The practical applicability of the proposed procedure has been tested by designing and analyzing sample electronic circuits of floating load voltage‐to‐current converters.
Long‐distance dispersal by a male sub‐adult tiger in a human‐dominated landscape
Authors: Hussain Zehidul , Ghaskadbi Pallavi , Panchbhai Pramod , Govekar Ravikiran , Nigam Parag , Habib Bilal 
Published: September 2022

AbstractConservation of wide‐ranging species and their movement is a major challenge in an increasingly fragmented world. Long‐distance movement, such as dispersal, is a key factor for the persistence of population, enabling the movement of animals within and between populations. Here, we describe one of the longest dispersal journeys by a sub‐adult male tiger (Panthera tigris) through GPS telemetry in Central India. We analyzed movement metrics, directionality, and space use during three behavioral stages of dispersal. We also used the clustering method to identify resting and kill sites (n = 89). T1‐C1 dispersed a straight‐line distance of 315 km over 225 days, moving an average of 8.38 km/day and covering a cumulative displacement of ~3000 km. Movement rate during post‐dispersal was faster (mean = 0.47 km/h) than during dispersal (mean = 0.38 km/h) and pre‐dispersal (mean = 0.13 km/h), respectively. The overall movement rate during the night (0.44 km/h) was significantly faster than during the day (0.21 km/h). Likewise, during dispersal, the movement was faster (mean = 0.52 km/h) at night than day (0.24 km/h). The average size of clusters, signifying resting and kill sites, was 1.68 ha and primarily away from human habitation (mean = 1.89 km). The individual crossed roads faster (mean = 2.00 km/h) than it traveled during other times. During the post‐dispersal phase, T1‐C1 had a space use of 319.48 km2 (95% dBBMM) in the Dnyanganga Wildlife Sanctuary. The dispersal event highlights the long‐distance and multiscale movement behavior in a heterogeneous landscape. Moreover, small forest patches play a key role in maintaining large carnivore connectivity while dispersing through a human‐dominated landscape. Our study underlines how documenting the long‐distance movement and integrating it with modern technology can improve conservation management decisions.
Simple statistical models can be sufficient for testing hypotheses with population time‐series data
Authors: Wenger Seth J. , Stowe Edward S. , Gido Keith B. , Freeman Mary C. , Kanno Yoichiro , Franssen Nathan R. , Olden Julian D. , Poff N. LeRoy , Walters Annika W. , Bumpers Phillip M. , Mims Meryl C. , Hooten Mevin B. , Lu Xinyi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTime‐series data offer wide‐ranging opportunities to test hypotheses about the physical and biological factors that influence species abundances. Although sophisticated models have been developed and applied to analyze abundance time series, they require information about species detectability that is often unavailable. We propose that in many cases, simpler models are adequate for testing hypotheses. We consider three relatively simple regression models for time series, using simulated and empirical (fish and mammal) datasets. Model A is a conventional generalized linear model of abundance, model B adds a temporal autoregressive term, and model C uses an estimate of population growth rate as a response variable, with the option of including a term for density dependence. All models can be fit using Bayesian and non‐Bayesian methods. Simulation results demonstrated that model C tended to have greater support for long‐lived, lower‐fecundity organisms (K life‐history strategists), while model A, the simplest, tended to be supported for shorter‐lived, high‐fecundity organisms (r life‐history strategists). Analysis of real‐world fish and mammal datasets found that models A, B, and C each enjoyed support for at least some species, but sometimes yielded different insights. In particular, model C indicated effects of predictor variables that were not evident in analyses with models A and B. Bayesian and frequentist models yielded similar parameter estimates and performance. We conclude that relatively simple models are useful for testing hypotheses about the factors that influence abundance in time‐series data, and can be appropriate choices for datasets that lack the information needed to fit more complicated models. When feasible, we advise fitting datasets with multiple models because they can provide complementary information.
Atrazine characterization: An update on uses, monitoring, effects, and environmental impact, for the development of regulatory policies in Argentina
Authors: Gagneten Ana M. , Regaldo Luciana , Carriquiriborde Pedro , Reno Ulises , Kergaravat Silvina V. , Butinof Mariana , Agostini Hernan , Alvarez Melina , Harte Agustin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Atrazine (ATZ) is the third most widely used herbicide in Argentina (10 000 t year−1) and is approved for sugar cane, flax, corn, sorghum, and tea. An assessment of the ATZ environmental impacts was conducted at the request of the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development of Argentina. A review of 541 national and international technical and scientific reports and a survey among agricultural technicians, applicators, and producers was done. The survey revealed that 94% of ATZ applications are terrestrial and use diversion exists, associated mainly with soybean cultivation. Atrazine was reported at high frequencies (50%–100%) in surface and groundwater, sediments, and soils, sometimes exceeding permitted limits. Several sublethal effects induced by ATZ on invertebrate and vertebrate species were found, sometimes at concentrations lower than those in water quality guidelines (&lt;3 µg L−1) or the environmental concentrations found in Argentina. Available epidemiological or human health studies of local populations are extremely scarce. This assessment also demonstrated that herbicides are ubiquitous in the environment. The investigation highlights the need for further studies assessing the adverse effects of ATZ on local species, ecosystems, and human health. Therefore, the precautionary principle is recommended to promote better application standards and product traceability to reduce volumes entering the environment and to avoid use deviation. In addition, this work concluded that there is a need for reviewing the toxicological classification, establishing buffer zones for ATZ application, introducing specific management guidelines, and expanding local studies of toxicity, ecotoxicity, and human epidemiology for environmental and health risk assessments. This study could also serve as a preliminary risk evaluation for establishing a final regulatory action and for considering ATZ inclusion in Annex III of the Rotterdam Convention. Finally, the requirements to consider its inclusion in Annex A (Elimination) or B (Restriction) of the Stockholm Convention were evaluated and discussed, and information on the potential of long-range transport was the only criterion with no information to consider. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:684–697. © 2022 SETAC
Lung ultrasonography findings of coronavirus disease 2019 patients: Comparison between primary and secondary regions of China
Authors: Han Jing , Yang Xi , Xu Wei , Jin Ronghua , Meng Sha , Ding Lei , Zhang Yuan , Hu Xing , Liu Weiyuan , Li Haowen , Meng Fankun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundAn unexplained pneumonia occurred in Wuhan, China in December 2019, later identified and named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). This study aimed to compare the ultrasonographic features of the lung between patients with COVID‐19 in Wuhan (the primary region) and those in Beijing (the secondary region) and to find the value of applying ultrasound in COVID‐19.MethodsA total of 248 COVID‐19 cases were collected, including long‐term residents in Wuhan (138), those who had a short‐term stay in Wuhan (72), and those who had never visited Wuhan (38). Ultrasound examination was performed daily; the highest lung ultrasound score (LUS) was the first comparison point, while the LUS of the fifth day thereafter was the second comparison point. The differences between overall treatment and ultrasonography of left and right lungs among groups were compared.ResultsThe severity decreased significantly after treatment. The scores of the groups with long‐term residence and short‐term stay in Wuhan were higher than those of the group that had never been to Wuhan.ConclusionUltrasonography is effective for dynamic monitoring of COVID‐19. The ultrasonographic features of patients in the Wuhan area indicated relatively severe disease. Thus, Wuhan was the main affected area of china.
What can we learn from the analysis of the fine wines market efficiency?
Authors: Ameur Hachmi Ben , Ftiti Zied , Le Fur Eric 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study analyzes the efficiency hypothesis for three major wine indices using different parametric and non‐parametric tests for the short and long‐term horizons. Based on monthly data over the period 2003–2019, our analysis identifies two main findings. First, in the short term, there is market inefficiency allowing for investment and diversification opportunities and a need for greater market transparency. Second, the spread between wine markets and financial markets can disappear in the long term, that is, there is a long‐run relationship that is relatively compatible with efficiency, except for the Bordeaux Legends 50 index. This implies greater efficiency and therefore better information and fewer investment and diversification opportunities.
Weak sequenceability in cyclic groups
Authors: Costa Simone , Della Fiore Stefano 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA subset of an abelian group is sequenceable if there is an ordering of its elements such that the partial sums , given by and for , are distinct, with the possible exception that we may have . In the literature there are several conjectures and questions concerning the sequenceability of subsets of abelian groups, which have been combined and summarized by Alspach and Liversidge into the conjecture that if a subset of an abelian group does not contain 0 then it is sequenceable. If the elements of a sequenceable set do not sum to 0 then there exists a simple path in the Cayley graph such that . In this paper, inspired by this graph–theoretical interpretation, we propose a weakening of this conjecture. Here, under the above assumptions, we want to find an ordering whose partial sums define a walk of girth bigger than (for a given ) and such that . This is possible given that the partial sums and are different whenever and are distinct and . In this case, we say that the set is ‐weakly sequenceable. The main result here presented is that any subset of is ‐weakly sequenceable whenever or when does not contain pairs of type and .
Circulating long non‐coding RNA Coromarker expression correlated with inflammation, coronary artery stenosis, and plaque vulnerability in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Liu Gang , Hu Xun , Li Yi , Long Ming 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the study was to assess the correlation between circulating long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) OTTHUMT00000387022 (named Coromarker) expression and disease severity, inflammatory cytokine levels, and plaque vulnerability in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).MethodsA total of 134 participants who received coronary angiography were enrolled and classified them as CAD patients (N = 89) and controls (N = 45). Blood samples were obtained from all subjects. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate Coromarker expression. The enzyme‐linked immunosorbent test was used to measure inflammatory cytokines including high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin (IL)‐1β (IL‐1β), IL‐6, NOD‐like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), and markers of coronary plaque stability including matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP‐9) and soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L). The severity of coronary stenosis was determined from the Gensini Score.ResultsLncRNA Coromarker expression was elevated to a greater extent in CAD patients than in control subjects before and after adjustments for age/gender (both p < 0.001); it was an independent predictor of CAD risk (area under curve: 0.824, 95% CI: 0.732–0.915). Additionally, Coromarker expression was significantly associated with Gensini Score (r = 0.574, p < 0.001), hsCRP (r = 0.221, p = 0.015), IL‐1β (r = 0.351, p < 0.001), IL‐6 (r = 0.286, p < 0.01), and NLRP3 levels (r = 0.312, p < 0.001). Coromarker expression was found to be linked with MMP‐9 (r = 0.260, p < 0.01) and sCD40L (r = 0.441, p < 0.001).ConclusionCirculating lncRNA Coromarker expression correlates with increased disease severity and inflammation as well as plaque vulnerability in patients with CAD.
Argpyrimidine bonded to RAGE regulates autophagy and cell cycle to cause periodontal destruction
Authors: Li Sihong , Yang Dong , Gao Xudong , Yao Siqi , Wang Shuining , Zhu Junli , Shu Jingjing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractArgpyrimidine (APMD), a methylglyoxal‐arginine‐derived product, is one of the main products of diabetes mellitus. We aimed to systematically investigate the role of APMD in regulating autophagy activity, with a specific focus on the finding of APDM binding molecule, matching amino acid residues, autophagy flux and proteins, cell cycle arrest, cell skeleton and migration, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways, inflammatory signals, alveolar bone destruction, and inhibition verification. In this study, binding to 59/94/121 amino acid residues of advanced glycosylation end product receptor (RAGE), APMD suppressed PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway to attenuate cell survival of periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs). Simultaneously, autophagy proteins ATG5, Beclin1, and LC3‐II/I expression ratio were upregulated while P62/SQSTM was downregulated. Cell cycle arrested at G0/G1 with enhancing Cyclin D1/CDK4 and decreasing Cyclin A/CDK2 expression. Inhibition of autophagy abrogated APMD‐induced cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, the inflammation regulation network of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐2, MMP‐9, MAPKs and NF‐κB pathways were activated by APMD. Rat periodontal models confirmed that APMD induced alveolar bone resorption, increased inflammatory infiltrates, and degraded collagen fibers through RAGE and PI3K. APMD‐induced autophagy, G0/G1 arrest, pro‐inflammatory signals activating and periodontal destruction were reversed by RAGE knockdown while aggravated by PI3K inhibitor. This study provides the first evidence that APMD bind to RAGE to regulate autophagy and cell cycle of PDLCs through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, thereby promoting periodontal destruction.
Realization of nitrite accumulation in an autotrophic‐heterotrophic denitrification system using different S/N/C ratios coupled with ANAMMOX to achieve nitrogen removal
Authors: Ma Jiao , Liu Hong , Dang Hongzhong , Wu Xinbo , Yan Yuan , Zeng Tianxu , Li Weiwei , Chen Yongzhi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDNitrogen and sulfur pollutants have become an urgent problem in surface and groundwater. Short‐cut denitrification coupled with anaerobic ammonia oxidation (ANAMMOX) is an economical and efficient biological nitrogen removal process. However, single heterotrophic denitrification and autotrophic denitrification face the problems of high treatment cost and high secondary sulfate pollution, respectively. Moreover, in real environments, single nutrient conditions are less common. Therefore, this work aims to study the process of mixotrophic short‐cut denitrification coupled with ANAMMOX to achieve simultaneous nitrogen and sulfur removal.RESULTSMixotrophic short‐cut denitrification was successfully initiated on day 20, while the nitrite accumulation rate (NAR) was 81.47%. The optimal performance of the mixotrophic denitrification system was achieved when the ratio of sulfur to nitrogen to carbon (S/N/C) was 3/4/9, with S2−‐S, NO3−‐N, and COD removal reaching 100%, 94.48%, and 95.48%, respectively, with a NAR of 94.24% and only 11.73 mg L−1 of SO42−‐S production. Modified Boltzmann and Gompertz models were found to be suitable to describe the removal of NO3−‐N, with both models exhibiting good data fitting (R2 > 0.99). In addition, no distinctly dominant genus was found in the mixotrophic denitrification systems. Autotrophic, heterotrophic, and facultative denitrifying bacteria (such as Thiobacillus Pseudomonas and Halomonas) were found to coexist and synergistically perform denitrification.CONCLUSIONMixotrophic short‐cut denitrification can achieve the efficient accumulation of NO2−‐N and reduce the amount of SO42−‐S production at the same time. Mixotrophic short‐cut denitrification coupled with ANAMMOX can deeply remove sulfide, nitrogen, and organic carbon. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Is dental education meeting the oral health needs of older adults?
Authors: Thompson Lisa A. , Kaplish Shivangi , Park Sang E. , Chamut Steffany 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe aim of this article is to highlight the importance of promoting oral health for the geriatric population and implementing change to address their complex oral and systemic health needs. Oral healthcare providers are unequipped to meet the demanding oral health needs of the aging population, resulting in a geriatric oral health crisis that needs immediate attention and action. Despite the advancements in geriatric education over the last two decades, the geriatric curriculum in 2022 is still inadequate, and varies greatly among different US dental schools for both pre‐ and postdoctoral programs. Predoctoral students are graduating without being sufficiently trained to identify and treat the dental issues of older adults due to lack of a purposely planned curriculum with balanced didactic and clinical exposure. It is critical to have a trained and competent workforce that meets the oral health needs of current and future older adults. To change the present environment, there is a need for curriculum redesign, faculty development, and training. In addition, more research to evaluate pre‐ and postdoctoral geriatric dentistry curricula, their impact on increasing access to care, and the likelihood of graduating dentists competent to treat functionally dependent and frail older adults is needed. Furthermore, decision‐makers in dental education, national dental organizations, and government institutions must support policies that integrate oral health into overall health through robust reimbursement mechanisms, including a dental benefit in Medicare, and recognition of geriatric dentistry as a specialty.
Perspectives on Justice, Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (JEDI): A call for oral health care policy
Authors: Swann Brian J. , Feimster Tawana D. , Young Deirdre D. , Chamut Steffany 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEducational Institutions in the U.S. have responded to government policies that called for more inclusive educational systems. The goal is to reduce the oppression created by “racism” and enhance the environmental trajectory toward equity and justice. Although significant social and economic advances have been made, these have not been sustainable, and disparities remain. As educational systems have not kept pace with the demographics and economic trends, there is a call to action to affirm the need to establish policies that support diversity within pipeline pathways, faculty recruitment, and retention. Leveraging knowledge and networking across institutions with communities can transform academic cultures, reduce unconscious/implicit bias, and microaggression. As racism exists in every segment of our culture, building sustainable capacity and a system proportional to the populations' relative needs can help chart a direction forward for policies that support justice, equity, diversity, and inclusion among dental institutions.
LGBTQ+ and dental education: Analyzing the present and recommendations for the future
Authors: Haley Colin M. , Macri Diana , Perez Herminio L. , Schwartz Scott B. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLGBTQ+ populations constitute increasing proportions of children, adolescents, and adults in the United States. Compared to their heterosexual counterparts, this group suffers from health inequities, including oral health. The report “Oral Health: Advances and Challenges” identified the LGBTQ+ community as an underserved population which faces significant barriers in accessing oral health care. Coverage of LGBTQ+ topics in formal education settings in both dental schools and dental hygiene programs is scarce, which contributes to inequities within this group. Increasing curriculum content related to LGBTQ+ populations is of utmost importance to promote optimal patient‐provider interactions while improving oral health outcomes. Ensuring equity in oral health care provision will require deliberate, consistent efforts on the part of all stakeholders. Dental and allied dental education programs have made important strides in enhancing equity and inclusion in their institutions by engaging campus groups that support LGBTQ+ populations, creating mentorship programs, and collaborating with non‐profit advocacy groups. Such efforts have successfully empowered LGBTQ+ patients, providers, and allies who are committed to further closing the knowledge gap. Most of the research regarding LGBTQ+ inclusion efforts have been done in the medical arena and there is a void in the data available from the dental profession. To fill this void, recommendations are offered that institutions can easily implement to expand LGBTQ+ diversity and inclusion visibility.