bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ética na produção e compartilhamento da informação
Authors: Farias Mayara Wasty Nascimento de 
Published: August 2022

O desenvolvimento das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação possibilitou uma nova perspectiva à sociedade. As formas de produção, compartilhamento e uso da informação foram alteradas e neste novo cenário o usuário figura como protagonista e media a informação transmitida. Mais que isso, pode influenciar na formação de conhecimento de outros usuários. Apesar de inúmeros benefícios oriundos das tecnologias digitais, esse novo cenário amplia as possibilidades das desordens informacionais. No ambiente virtual os conteúdos disponibilizados são criados e circulam sem monitoramento, possibilitando a desinformação. Neste sentido, o artigo traz uma reflexão sobre a ética da informação relacionada ao fenômeno da fake news e cultura da pós-verdade. Com o trabalho, pretende-se debater sobre esta problemática informacional emergente nos últimos anos sob a ótica do campo da Ciência da Informação e identificar iniciativas que buscam combater a desinformação. A pesquisa é classificada como bibliográfica por trazer conceitos da área e qualitativa por apresentar análise crítica sobre a problemática em questão. Desta forma, conclui-se a web configura-se como maior sistema de publicação do mundo e que sua arquitetura aberta possibilita o compartilhamento de notícias falsas. Ainda assim, entende-se que a disseminação dessas informações incorretas está ligada a fatores relacionados à pós-verdade: crenças pessoais, conforto psicológico e/ou ganho pessoal. Neste cenário, a ética pessoal dos usuários ganha cada vez mais importância na sociedade.
Phenotypic performance of new pro-vitamin A maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids using three selection indices
Authors: Kolawole Adesike Oladoyin , Olayinka Abiodun Fatai 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The development of new bio-fortified maize hybrids is crucial for achieving food security and alleviation of micronutrient deficiencies. This study aims at assessing the performance of new pro-vitamin A maize hybrids and identifying potential high-yielding hybrids using base index, multivariate selection index, and rank summation index. Twenty-four pro-vitamin A maize hybrids and one hybrid check were evaluated in the rainy seasons of 2018 and 2019 at Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching and Research farm in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. Hybrids were planted each year in a 5 × 5 α lattice design with three replications. Data collected on grain yield and agronomic traits were analysed. The hybrids showed significant (P < 0.001) variations for all measured traits except plant aspect and maize streak virus scores. The mean grain yield of hybrids over two years varied from 1,106 kg/ha (LY 1312-12) to 5,144 kg/ha (LY 1501-9). The highest yielding hybrid across the years had a 31% yield advantage over the single-cross hybrid used as a check. The base index had the highest selection differential (34%) for grain yield. The rank summation index had a strong correlation with the multivariate selection index (r = ‒0.86+++) followed by base index (r = ‒0.56+++). The three selection indices used identified three superior three-way cross hybrids (LY 1409-21, LY 1501-9 and LY 1501-1) with a slight change in rank order. These outstanding hybrids which combine high productivity with nutrients may be considered for advanced multi-location and on-farm testing before their release to farmers in derived savanna agroecology of Nigeria.
Compressive Loading of Apple Cultivar Golden Delicious
Authors: Kubík Ľubomír , Kažimírová Viera , Božiková Monika 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The study dealt with the experimental and numerical assessment of the apple cultivar Golden Delicious (Malus domestica L.) at compressive loading in lateral direction. The development of fruit hemisphere behaviour was examined between two parallel plates. Apple samples were subjected to tests at different strain rates. The experiments were conducted at eleven velocities from 10 to 350 mm·min−1 for the purposes of achieving different strain rates. Compression tests of the fruits at different strain rates corresponded to the quasi-state loading. Impacts of loading rate and strain rate on force and stress at compression were studied. The material exhibited nonlinear behaviour of dependency of stresses on strains, but linear viscoelastic behaviour of dependency of stresses on strain rate. The application possibilities of Kelvin-Voight viscoelastic model were evaluated. Forces, strains, stresses and the apparent moduli of elasticity were evaluated for the detection of fruit damage at different strain rates.
U-Net architecture variants for brain tumor segmentation of histogram corrected images
Authors: Lefkovits Szidónia , Lefkovits László 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper we propose to create an end-to-end brain tumor segmentation system that applies three variants of the well-known U-Net convolutional neural networks. In our results we obtain and analyse the detection performances of U-Net, VGG16-UNet and ResNet-UNet on the BraTS2020 training dataset. Further, we inspect the behavior of the ensemble model obtained as the weighted response of the three CNN models. We introduce essential preprocessing and post-processing steps so as to improve the detection performances. The original images were corrected and the different intensity ranges were transformed into the 8-bit grayscale domain to uniformize the tissue intensities, while preserving the original histogram shapes. For post-processing we apply region connectedness onto the whole tumor and conversion of background pixels into necrosis inside the whole tumor. As a result, we present the Dice scores of our system obtained for WT (whole tumor), TC (tumor core) and ET (enhanced tumor) on the BraTS2020 training dataset.
Transmission-reciprocal transmission index and coindex of graphs
Authors: Ramane Harishchandra S. , Kitturmath Deepa V. , Bhajantri Kavita 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The transmission of a vertex u in a connected graph G is defined as σ(u) = Σv∈V(G) d(u, v) and reciprocal transmission of a vertex u is defined as

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rs(u) = \sum\nolimits_{v \in V\left( G \right)} {{1 \over {d\left( {u,v} \right)}}}

, where d(u, v) is the distance between vertex u and v in G. In this paper we define new distance based topological index of a connected graph G called transmission-reciprocal transmission index

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TRT\left( G \right) = \sum\nolimits_{uv \in E\left( G \right)} {\left( {{{\sigma \left( u \right)} \over {rs\left( u \right)}} + {{\sigma \left( v \right)} \over {rs\left( v \right)}}} \right)}

and its coindex

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\overline {TRT} \left( G \right) = \sum\nolimits_{uv \notin E\left( G \right)} {\left( {{{\sigma \left( u \right)} \over {rs\left( u \right)}} + {{\sigma \left( v \right)} \over {rs\left( v \right)}}} \right)}

, where E(G) is the edge set of a graph G and establish the relation between TRT(G) and

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\overline {TRT} \left( G \right)

(G). Further compute this index for some standard class of graphs and obtain bounds for it.
Aggressive dissemination of central nervous system hemangioblastoma without association with von Hippel–Lindau disease: A case report and literature review
Authors: Dantas François , Raso Jair Leopoldo , Braga Patrícia Salomé Gouvea , Botelho Ricardo Vieira , Dantas Fernando Luiz Rolemberg 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Hemangioblastomas (HBs) typically present with benign behavior and are most commonly found in the posterior fossa. Multiple central nervous system (CNS) HBs are usually associated with von Hippel–Lindau disease, and leptomeningeal dissemination of sporadic HBs is extremely rare. A review of the literature identified 30 cases of leptomeningeal dissemination of sporadic HBs previously published in the literature.

Case Description:
We report the case of a patient who was diagnosed with multiple CNS HBs with aggressive progression 6 years after resection of a posterior fossa HB. He underwent multiple surgeries and died 4 years after the diagnosis of the first spinal dissemination.

Conclusion:
Dissemination of sporadic HBs is rare and aggressive disease evolution is usually observed. Further studies are necessary to determine the optimal therapeutic options.
Navigated 3D ultrasound-guided resection of high-grade gliomas: A case series and review
Authors: Habib Ahmed , Jovanovich Nicolina , Hoppe Meagan , Hameed N.U. Farrukh , Edwards Lincoln , Zinn Pascal 
Published: August 2022

Background:
The crux in high-grade glioma surgery remains maximizing resection without affecting eloquent brain areas. Toward this, a myriad of adjunct tools and techniques has been employed to enhance surgical safety and efficacy. Despite intraoperative MRI and advanced neuronavigational techniques, as well as augmented reality, to date, the only true real-time visualization tool remains the ultrasound (US). Neuroultrasonography is a cost-efficient imaging modality that offers instant, real-time information about the changing anatomical landscape intraoperatively. Recent advances in technology now allow for the integration of intraoperative US with neuronavigation.

Case Description:
In this report, we present the resection technique for three cases of high-grade gliomas (two glioblastomas and one anaplastic astrocytoma). The patient presented with a variable clinical spectrum. All three cases have been performed using the Brainlab® neuronavigation system (BrainLAB, Munich, Germany) and the bk5000 US Machine® (BK Medical, Analogic Corporation, Peabody, Massachusetts, USA).

Conclusion:
Gross total resection was achieved in all three cases. The use of 3D navigated US was a reliable adjunct surgical tool in achieving favorable resection outcomes in these patients.
Scientist-Encyclopedist T.I. Rainov — the Invited Chief Bibliographer of the V.I. Lenin State Library
Authors: Ilizarov Simon S. 
Published: August 2022

On the basis of archival materials introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, the author considers the activity of the scientist-encyclopedist Timofey Ivanovich Rainov (1890, Kalchevo village, Akkerman district, Bessarabian province of the Russian Empire — 1958, Moscow), worked as visiting specialist-bibliographer of highest qualification in the V.I. Lenin State Library of the USSR in 1938—1941 and in 1948—1950. The paper shows that before Rainov was invited to the V.I. Lenin State Library, he passed a long way, gaining skills and competencies in the field of library science and bibliography. Unable to work freely in Soviet Russia as a philosopher and specialist in the psychology of creativity, T.I. Rainov, like other Russian intellectuals, was seeking ways to realize his research potential. In 1923, the scientist moved to Moscow, where the Library of the Socialist (Communist) Academy (later the Fundamental Library of Social Sciences of the USSR Academy of Sciences, FBON) became his main place of work. Possessing encyclopedic knowledge and immense erudition, he took the place of leading bibliographer. T.I. Rainov changed several professions, but, remaining invariably a researcher of scientific ideas, he repeatedly returned to the field of book studies and bibliography and completed his service in this field at the FBON. The article examines the main life circumstances that led him to the V.I. Lenin State Library, and it was found that when concluding an employment contract with him, T.I. Rainov was obliged to provide consultations “on all branches of knowledge” to both employees and readers of the V.I. Lenin State Library of the USSR.The appendix presents the experience of compiling an article about the scientific bibliographer T.I. Rainov for the forthcoming reference book “Employees of the Russian State Library: Eminent Scientists and Workers in Culture”.
Implementation of the principles of modular learning in an educational organization
Authors: Прядехо А. А. , Карбанович О. В. , Степченко Т. А. 
Published: August 2022

Динамичное развитие информационного пространства, его насыщенность и разноплановость способствуют совершенствованию фундаментальных подходов к качественной подготовке специалистов – инициативных, творческих граждан, наделенных чувством долга, ответственности, активный и таких, которые умеют быстро адаптироваться к новым условиям, стремительно обучаться и постоянно развиваться. Этого можно достичь при условии формирования у студентов чувства самостоятельности и творчества (критического мышления), а это осуществляется путем внедрения в образовательный процесс ключевых принципов модульного обучения. Современное образование наряду со становлением национальной и общественно-политической независимости уверенно шагает к модернизации учебных технологий. Важной задачей быстрой адаптации образования к международному, социокультурному и профессиональному пространству является реформирование Российской школы, ведь выпускники заполняют важную нишу рынка труда через приобретенную профессиональную компетентность.
The dynamic development of the information space, its richness and diversity contribute to the improvement of fundamental approaches to high–quality training of specialists - initiative, creative citizens endowed with a sense of duty, responsibility, active and those who are able to quickly adapt to new conditions, learn rapidly and constantly develop. This can be achieved if students develop a sense of independence and creativity (critical thinking), and this is done by introducing the key principles of modular learning into the educational process. Modern education, along with the formation of national and socio-political independence, is confidently moving towards the modernization of educational technologies. An important task of rapid adaptation of education to the international, socio-cultural and professional space is the reform of the Russian school, because graduates fill an important niche of the labor market through acquired professional competence.
Procedures for external and internal evaluation of the quality of education in the activities of the head of an educational organization: audit and moderation
Authors: Егоров К.Б. , Захарова В.А. 
Published: August 2022

Современная система образования работает в условиях обновления подходов к внешней оценке качества образования (мониторинг в рамках государственной аккредитации, профессиональнообщественная аккредитация, независимая оценка квалификаций и др.). Новые модели внешней оценки стимулируют осмысление внутренней системы оценки качества в образовательных организациях. Соответственно в деятельности руководителя образовательной организации возрастает значимость понимания сущности процедур внешней и внутренней оценки. Программы подготовки руководителей образовательных организаций в вузе и в дополнительном профессиональном образовании должны включать разделы, посвященные оценочным процедурам в управлении. Такие программы могут быть реализованы по заказу органов управления образованием федерального, регионального или муниципального уровня. В статье рассмотрены такие процедуры оценки качества образования, как аудит и модерация, проанализирована российская и международная практика их применения, исследовано происхождение и развитие термина, даны классификации. Применение аудита и модерации целесообразно в управлении образовательными холдингами или сетью образовательных организаций.
The modern education system works in the context of updating approaches to the external evaluation of the quality of education (monitoring within the framework of state accreditation, professional public accreditation, independent assessment of qualifications, etc.). New models of external evaluation stimulate understanding of the internal system of quality evaluation in educational organizations. Accordingly, in the activities of the head of an educational organization, the importance of understanding the essence of the procedures for external and internal evaluation increases. The training programs for heads of educational organizations at the university and in additional professional education should include sections on evaluation procedures in management. Such programs can be implemented by order of federal, regional or municipal education authorities. The article considers such procedures for assessing the quality of education as audit and moderation, analyzes the Russian and international practice of their application, investigates the origin and development of the term, and gives classifications. The use of audit and moderation is advisable in the management of educational holdings or a network of educational organizations.
Functioning of distributed models of interaction between students and teachers
Authors: Бурыкина М. Ю. , Данилова Т. В. , Малькина О. В. 
Published: August 2022

В контексте глобальных изменений, происходящих повсеместно в связи с необходимостью поддерживать и развивать сферу образования в условиях пандемии и увеличением количества и возможностей электронных технологий и доступности Интернета во всем мире, необходимо отметить важность использования дистанционных технологий в процессе обучения, в том числе иностранным языкам. В последние несколько десятилетий появление мультимедийных технологий обусловило резкий скачок в развитии и продвижении дистанционного обучения. В настоящее время, когда существует бесконечное количество электронных устройств, которые обеспечивают возможность выхода в Интернет, социальных сетей (Telegram, Viber, Facebook), с помощью которых возможно устанавливать связь в режиме реального времени и сервисов видеотелефонной связи (например, Google Meet и Zoom), организация процесса дистанционного обучения уже не представляется столь сложной, как в XVIII, когда впервые была предложена форма обучения через почтовые отправления. Во время пандемии объем использования сервисов видеотелефонной связи значительно вырос по сравнению с предыдущим периодом. Например, в апреле 2020 года количество пользователей видеоконференций Google Meet стала в 30 раз больше, чем в январе, и составила примерно 100 миллионов в день. Конкурирующий сервис Zoom достиг значения у 200 миллионов пользователей в день.In the context of global changes taking place everywhere due to the need to support and develop the field of education in the context of a pandemic and an increase in the number and possibilities of electronic technologies and the availability of the Internet around the world, it is necessary to note the importance of using distance technologies in the learning process, including foreign languages. In the last few decades, the emergence of multimedia technologies has led to a sharp leap in the development and promotion of distance learning. Nowadays, when there are an infinite number of electronic devices that provide access to the Internet, social networks (Telegram, Viber, Facebook), with which it is possible to establish communication in real time and video telephone services (for example, Google Meet and Zoom), the organization of the distance learning process no longer seems so difficult, as in the XVIII, when the form of education through postal mail was first offered. During the pandemic, the volume of use of video telephone services increased significantly compared to the previous period. For example, in April 2020, the number of users of Google Meet video conferences became 30 times more than in January, and amounted to approximately 100 million per day. The competing Zoom service has reached a value of 200 million users per day.
The reflection of the theme of «impersonal sentences» in Russian as a foreign language in the textbooks for Chinese students
Authors: Хуэйли Ц. 
Published: August 2022

Статья посвящена отражению темы «Безличное предложение» в учебных пособиях по изучению русского языка как иностранного. Автор приводит особенности безличных предложений в китайском и русском языке с целью описания сложностей восприятия темы «безличное предложение» китайскими студентами. Далее автор обращается к характеристике обучения китайских студентов и методике преподавания темы «Безличное предложение» для успешного ее усвоения. Автор анализирует шесть учебных пособий по изучению русского языка как иностранного. Автор приходитк выводу, что существует два типа учебных пособий по изучению иностранного языка: коммуникативные и традиционные. Тематика коммуникативных учебников ориентирована на речевые ситуации, а разделы традиционных учебных пособий на фонетические, лексические, грамматические и синтаксические особенности русского языка.
The article is devoted to the reflection of the topic «Impersonal sentence» in textbooks for learning Russian as a foreign language. The author cites the features of impersonal sentences in Chinese and Russian in order to describe the difficulties in the perception of the topic «Impersonal sentence» by Chinese students. The author then turns to the characteristics of teaching Chinese students and the methodology of teaching the topic «Impersonal sentence» for its successful assimilation. The author analyzes six textbooks for learning Russian as a foreign language. The author concludes that there are two types of textbooks for learning a foreign language: communicative and traditional. Topics of communicative textbooks are focused on speech situations, and sections of traditional textbooks on phonetic, lexical, grammatical and syntactic features of the Russian language.