bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Porous chitosan particles doped by in situ formed silver nanoparticles: Electrorheological response in silicon oil
Authors: Kuznetsov Nikita M. , Kovaleva Victoria V. , Volkov Danila A. , Zagoskin Yuriy D. , Vdovichenko Artem Yu. , Malakhov Sergey N. , Bakirov Artem V. , Yastremsky Eugeny V. , Kamyshinsky Roman A. , Stupnikov Alexei A. , Chvalun Sergei N. , Grigoriev Timofei E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEffect of in situ formed silver nanoparticles doping on electrorheological response of highly porous chitosan particles in suspensions of polydimethylsiloxane (silicone oil) is considered. Silver nanoparticles are directly reduced by chitosan from solution. Highly porous chitosan particles with different silver content are fabricated by spraying from solution followed by freeze‐drying. A high and stable electrorheological response of suspensions in wide range of electric field strength is observed at a very low filler content of 1 wt%. The nature of the electrorheological effect is considered from the standpoint of dielectric spectroscopy. The activation energies of polarization processes are determined from the temperature dependences of the dielectric loss modulus. The study shows the opportunity to control the properties of stimuli‐responsive materials by changing the structure and physicochemical properties of the functional filler. This approach opens up new possibilities for creating materials with high performance and predetermined properties.
Lower fetal fraction in clinical cell‐free DNA screening results is associated with increased risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
Authors: Madala Deeksha , Maktabi Mohamad Ali , Sabbagh Riwa , Erfani Hadi , Moon Andrea , Van den Veyver Ignatia B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate if fetal fraction (FF) reported on cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) screening is a marker for adverse obstetric outcomes.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed medical records from a cohort of women with singleton pregnancies who had cfDNA screening. We evaluated if reported FF could predict the following pregnancy complications: hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), fetal growth restriction, preterm delivery, gestational diabetes mellitus, or a composite maternal morbidity, defined as the presence of at least one of these outcomes.ResultsReceiver operating curve analysis was performed on FF from 534 women to define the FF that differentiated a low FF group (<10%; N = 259) and a high FF group (≥10%; N = 275). Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were more common for women in the low FF group (32.0% vs. 11.6% and p < 0.001), who had a two‐fold odds of developing HDP (p = 0.006). Composite maternal morbidity was also more common for women in the low FF group (51.4% vs. 30.2% and p < 0.001), who had a 1.7‐fold odds of developing any of the adverse obstetrical outcomes (p = 0.014).ConclusionWe found that low FF on cfDNA screening is associated with an increased risk of HDP. Fetal fraction reported that cfDNA screening reports have potential as a predictive marker for the development of HDP and adverse outcomes.
Further improved mechanical properties of polypropylene by shish‐kebab structure and high‐temperature annealing
Authors: Mi Dashan , Zhao Zhongguo , Jia Shikui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMultiflow injection molding is used to prepare a highly oriented shish‐kebab structure, and the mechanical properties of Polypropylene in the weak direction (WD) and strong direction (SD) are analyzed in this work. The oriented structure shows strong anisotropy. For example, the impact strength in SD is 6 times that of WD. One or three minutes of high‐temperature‐annealing (HTA, 30°C higher than Tm) has been proven to be an effective method to trigger the partial melting and re‐crystallization process, which in turn, can improve the shish‐kebab structure and greatly improve yield and impact strength in both WD and SD. Furthermore, results confirm that the chains in the amorphous region play a key role in the mechanical properties in the WD, while the shish‐kebab crystal structure determines the properties in the SD. Using shish‐kebab structure and HTA to improve mechanical properties in both SD and WD directions will be helpful to avoid generating fiber composites that create recycling difficulties and loss of properties with cycle times.
Registration of three winter malting barley lines
Authors: Hu Gongshe , Evans Chris , Satterfield Kathy , Ellberg Sherry 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGermplasm lines are the most important genetic resources for cultivar development. ARS669W (Reg. no. GP‐216, PI 699131), ARS671W (Reg. no. GP‐215, PI 699130), and ARS431W (Reg. no. GP‐214, PI 699129) are three high yield and good malting quality two‐rowed winter type malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) germplasm lines developed by the USDA‐ARS breeding program at Aberdeen, ID. All three germplasm lines have been evaluated in 23 trials. Compared with the checks, all three lines have about the same or higher yield potentials. The lodging resistance of ARS669W and ARS671W is similar to the checks but better than ARS431W. The test weight of three lines was like the ‘Endeavor’ cultivar and higher than the ‘Charles’ cultivar. The winter survival rates are all the same statistically. Malting evaluation results showed acceptable quality profiles with specific quality traits including high malt extract, low protein content, and low beta‐glucan for the years tested. These lines are good winter malting barley genetic stocks for future breeding or for further evaluation as possible cultivars.
A novel deuterium‐based model for measurement of exogenous surfactant using deuterium‐depleted water
Authors: Simonato Manuela , Ricci Francesca , Catozzi Chiara , Storti Matteo , Correani Alessio , Salomone Fabrizio , Cogo Paola , Carnielli Virgilio P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractStable isotope tracers, like 13C, can be used for the measurement of the partition between the endogenous and exogenous pulmonary disaturated‐phosphatidylcholine (DSPC). Deuterium labeling methods are still not fully explored.Our aim was to investigate the feasibility of using deuterium‐depleted water (DDW) and deuterium‐enriched water (DEW) to measure endogenous and exogenous pulmonary DSPC in a rabbit model of surfactant depletion. Data obtained from the 13C dilution method were used as a reference.We studied 9 adult rabbits: 4 drank DDW and 5 DEW for 5 days. Lung surfactant depletion was induced at Day 5 by repeated saline bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL), which were stored as a pool (BAL pool). After endogenous surfactant depletion, rabbits received exogenous surfactant followed by a second BAL depletion procedure (End‐Experiment Pool).DSPC quantity, and palmitic acid (PA)‐DSPC 2H/1H (δ2H) and 13C/12C ratios (δ13C) of exogenous surfactant batches and of BAL pools were measured by High‐Resolution Mass Spectrometry.The amount of exogenous surfactant recovered from the lungs ranged from 45% to 81% and, it was highly correlated with those obtained with the use of the 13C (r = 0.9844, p < 0.0001).We demonstrated that commercially available purified DDW and even low doses of DEW can be used to modify the deuterium background of endogenous surfactants with the purpose of measuring the contribution of exogenous surfactants to the endogenous alveolar surfactant pool.
Broad‐spectrum antiviral activity of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn against SARS‐CoV‐2, SARS‐CoV‐1, H5N1, and other enveloped viruses
Authors: Liu Qingqing , Kwan Ka‐Yi , Cao Tianyu , Yan Bingpeng , Ganesan Kumar , Jia Lei , Zhang Feng , Lim Chunyu , Wu Yaobin , Feng Yibin , Chen Zhiwei , Liu Li , Chen Jianping 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe current COVID‐19 pandemic caused by SARS‐Cov‐2 is responsible for more than 6 million deaths globally. The development of broad‐spectrum and cost‐effective antivirals is urgently needed. Medicinal plants are renowned as a complementary approach in which antiviral natural products have been established as safe and effective drugs. Here, we report that the percolation extract of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn (SSP) is a broad‐spectrum viral entry inhibitor against SARS‐CoV‐1/2 and other enveloped viruses. The viral inhibitory activities of the SSP were evaluated by using pseudotyped SARS‐CoV‐1 and 2, HIV‐1ADA and HXB2, and H5N1. SSP effectively inhibited viral entry and with EC50 values ranging from 3.6 to 5.1 μg/ml. Pre‐treatment of pseudovirus or target cells with SSP showed consistent inhibitory activities with the respective EC50 value of 2.3 or 2.1 μg/ml. SSP blocked both SARS‐CoV‐2 spike glycoprotein and the host ACE2 receptor. In vivo studies indicated that there was no abnormal toxicity and behavior in long‐term SSP treatment. Based on these findings, we concluded that SSP has the potential to be developed as a drug candidate for preventing and treating COVID‐19 and other emerging enveloped viruses.
Event‐triggered robust output regulation for nonlinear systems: A time regularization approach
Authors: Meng Haofei , Zhang Hai‐Tao , Gao Jianxi , Lv Jinhu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this article, we investigate the event‐triggered robust output regulation problem for a class of nonlinear systems. Using the idea of time regularization, an event‐triggered mechanism with dwell time is proposed together with a model‐based control law, which avoids a practical convergence bound and excludes the Zeno behavior as well. The problem is further converted into an event‐triggered robust stabilization problem for an augmented system, which is further solved by a model‐based event‐triggered control law combined with the proposed event‐triggered mechanism. Finally, the proposed method achieves an exact solution to the original event‐triggered output regulation problem.
Geomorphic heterogeneity as a framework for assessing river corridor processes and characteristics
Authors: Scott Daniel N. , Shahverdian Scott , Flitcroft Rebecca , Wohl Ellen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSpatial and temporal heterogeneity, or messiness, is a broadly desirable characteristic of river corridors and an indicator of many of the geomorphic processes that sustain fluvial ecosystems. However, quantifying geomorphic heterogeneity is complicated by a lack of consistent metrics, classification schemas for dividing the river corridor into the patches that form the basis for those metrics, and guidance on interpreting metrics. Drawing from both geomorphic and landscape ecology concepts, we offer ideas and guidance intended to help investigators, from researchers to restoration practitioners, more effectively and reliably use heterogeneity to describe river corridor processes and characteristics. We define geomorphic heterogeneity both spatially and temporally. Spatially, heterogeneity can be described by diversity, or the evenness and richness of geomorphic units, and spatial configuration, or the arrangement and shape of geomorphic units. Temporally, heterogeneity can be described by turnover rate, or the rate of change of geomorphic units. Interpretation of heterogeneity metrics depends integrally on the definition of the geomorphic unit schema on which metrics are based. Contextual information, such as measurements of process space (i.e., how much room a river has to move), disturbance frequency, and geomorphic trajectory, can also be key to interpreting measurements of heterogeneity. Geomorphic applications of heterogeneity require carefully defined geomorphic unit schemas that reflect processes and characteristics of interest, robust metrics of heterogeneity whose meaning is appropriate to the question at hand, and interpretation of those metrics based on the context of expected geomorphic processes and the disturbance regime.
Economic outcomes for transgender people and other gender minorities in the United States: First estimates from a nationally representative sample
Authors: Carpenter Christopher S. , Lee Maxine J. , Nettuno Laura 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe provide the literature's first estimates of economic outcomes for transgender people and other gender minorities in the United States using nationally representative data from the U.S. Census Bureau's Household Pulse Survey which identifies over 9,400 individuals from 2021 to 2022 who are non‐cisgender (i.e., whose current gender does not align with their sex assigned at birth). We find that non‐cisgender individuals are significantly less likely to be employed, have higher poverty rates, are more likely to have public health insurance, and report greater food insecurity compared to otherwise similar cisgender individuals. We also find that non‐cisgender Black individuals fare significantly worse than non‐cisgender white individuals. Our results demonstrate the precarious economic position of gender minority populations in America.
A construction of Chebyshev chaotic map based authenticated key agreement protocol for satellite communication system
Authors: Dharminder Dharminder , Nehra Ankur , Arya Aditya 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this article, we have discussed various authentication and key agreement protocols for satellite communication system and their flaws off‐line passwords guess, stolen smart card attack, insider attack and replay attack and so forth. We have analyzed the security of a recently published Uddeshaya et al's protocol for satellite communication, and discussed how it suffers from design flaws and insider attack. This protocol cannot stop the Bergamo attack, but the proposed protocol is applicable in specific environment against Bergamo attack. We have compared and illustrated the performance and security analysis of several existing protocols for satellite communication. The proposed authenticated key agreement protocol possesses both low computation and low communication cost. This protocol establishes a verified session key with only two messages of exchange. We have discussed the security of proposed framework in the random oracle model.
Swietenine and swietenolide from Swietenia macrophylla king improve insulin secretion and attenuate apoptosis in H2O2 induced INS‐1 cells
Authors: Duan Jingyu , Zhang Fang , Lu Mengyuan , Deng Wenhao , Zhai Yutong , Zhao Yangqi , He Liangliang , Bai Zhonghui , Wang Yongjian , Zhang Chunping 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOxidative stress is an important factor that causes pancreatic β‐cell dysfunction leading to the development and aggravation of diabetes. Swietenine (Stn) and swietenolide (Std) were isolated from the fruits of Swietenia macrophylla King and had the potential effects on treatment and prevention of diabetes. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Stn and Std on insulin secretion and apoptosis in H2O2 induced insulinoma cell line (INS‐1) cells. In the present study, INS‐1 cells were treated with 300 μM H2O2 for 4 h to establish the oxidative damage model. Cell apoptosis, insulin secretion, reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) levels, and Caspase‐3 enzyme activity were measured via corresponding methods. Finally, pancreatic duodenal home box factor‐1 (PDX‐1), B cell lymphoma‐2 (Bcl‐2), and Bax protein expression were detected by western blot. Experimental results showed that Stn and Std could significantly improve the INS‐1 cell viability, increase the secretion of insulin and reduce the ROS level in H2O2 induced INS‐1 cells. Furthermore, the SOD and GSH levels increased, and the MDA levels decreased compared with the model group after Stn and Std treatment. In addition, after treated with Stn and Std, cell apoptosis was improved, and the activity of Caspase 3 was also significantly inhibited. Meanwhile, Western blot results showed that Stn and Std could up‐regulate the expression of PDX‐1 protein, and affect the cell apoptosis pathway by up‐regulating the expression of Bcl‐2 protein and down‐regulating the expression of Bax protein. In conclusion, Stn and Std can signifcantly improve the insulin secretion function, protect oxidative stress injury, and reduce apoptosis in H2O2 induced INS‐1 cells, which provides a research basis for Stn and Std to be new drug candidates for the treatment and prevention of diabetes.
Glutamine transport as a possible regulator of nitrogen catabolite repression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Georis Isabelle , Fayyad‐Kazan Mohammad , Zaremba Evi , Vierendeels Fabienne , Roovers Martine , Dubois Evelyne 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNitrogen catabolite repression (NCR) is a major transcriptional control pathway governing nitrogen use in yeast, with several hundred of target genes identified to date. Early and extensive studies on NCR led to the identification of the 4 GATA zinc finger transcription factors, but the primary mechanism initiating NCR is still unclear up till now. To identify novel players of NCR, we have undertaken a genetic screen in an NCR‐relieved gdh1Δ mutant, which led to the identification of four genes directly linked to protein ubiquitylation. Ubiquitylation is an important way of regulating amino acid transporters and our observations being specifically observed in glutamine‐containing media, we hypothesized that glutamine transport could be involved in establishing NCR. Stabilization of Gap1 at the plasma membrane restored NCR in gdh1Δ cells and AGP1 (but not GAP1) deletion could relieve repression in the ubiquitylation mutants isolated during the screen. Altogether, our results suggest that deregulated glutamine transporter function in all three weak nitrogen derepressed (wnd) mutants restores the repression of NCR‐sensitive genes consecutive to GDH1 deletion.
Neutron diffraction study of nitride perovskite LaReN3
Authors: Kloß Simon D. , Ritter Clemens , Attfield John Paul 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNitride perovskites ABN3 are extremely rare with only two known instances of bulk‐phase materials, ThTaN3 and LaReN3. Here, we present a powder neutron diffraction study of the recently‐reported nitride perovskite LaReN3. A full structural model of LaReN3 at 300 K (
, a=5.58523(5), b=5.59297(5), c=7.90419(6) Å, α=89.9170(8), β=90.1729(7), γ=90.1709(7)°) has been refined simultaneously against powder neutron and previously‐collected synchrotron X‐ray diffraction data. This indicates that the triclinic distortion is due to cooperative electronic distortions of ReN6 octahedra, and also demonstrates that all nitrogen positions are fully occupied so the sample is stoichiometric LaReN3. Lattice strains derived from fits to variable temperature powder neutron data from 5 to 300 K indicate that LaReN3 undergoes structural transitions to higher symmetry perovskite tilt structures between 300 and 350 K.
Introduction
Authors: Teske Sven 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis is a brief introduction to the status of the international climate negotiations of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its latest scientific publications, the status of global greenhouse gas emissions, and the impact of the pandemic on energy-related CO2 emissions. The research focus of this book is presented, and how the second part of the book relates to our first book Achieving the Paris Climate Agreement Goals is explained.The background to the creation of the book is given. The parameters upon which the authors focused when documenting the assumptions used for all calculations are explained. The results and their derivation are presented.
Discussion, Conclusions, and Policy Recommendations
Authors: Teske Sven , Pregger Thomas , Niklas Sarah , Nagrath Kriti , Talwar Simran , Chatterjee Souran , Kiss Benedek , Ürge-Vorsatz Diana 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis section summarizes the main findings of all parts of the research, with priority given to the most important findings to avoid the repetition of previous chapters. The key findings for the industry, services, buildings, and transport sectors, including the 12 sub-sectors analyzed, are provided and discussed. Policy recommendations for each sector and recommendations for the actions for governments, industries, the real economy, and financial institutions are offered.
Methodology
Authors: Teske Sven , Orbe Jaysson Guerrero , Assaf Jihane , Chatterjee Souran , Kiss Benedek , Ürge-Vorsatz Diana 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe OneEarth Climate Model (OECM), its background, and program architecture are described. How the OECM is broken down into two independent modules to calculate demand and supply is explored. The basic program logic of the MATLAB-based bottom-up demand module, with high technical resolution, is described for various sectors, including the input and output parameters. The description includes numerous figures and tables for both demand and supply modules. The sub-sectors used for the OECM 1.5 °C pathway are listed, including outputs and the areas of use.The second part of the chapter documents the high-efficiency building (HEB) model of the Central European University, which was used for the global and regional bottom-up analyses of the building sector. Its methodology, including the programme architecture, the workflow, and the equations used, is provided.
Decarbonisation Pathways for Services
Authors: Teske Sven , Nagrath Kriti , Niklas Sarah 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe decarbonisation pathways for the service sector are derived. Brief outlines of the agriculture—food and forestry—wood product sectors, fishing industry, and water utilities are presented. The projected development of product quantities or GDP and the assumed development of energy intensities are given. The industry-specific energy consumptions and CO2 emission intensities are provided in tables. The non-energy-related CO2 emissions for all sectors analysed in this chapter are discussed and quantified.
Introduction: Unpacking Greening and Skills Recognition in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises
Authors: Pavlova Margarita 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis first chapter presents the nature of the regional research study on recognising green skills through non-formal learning across seven countries and one territory in Asia and the Pacific Region (APR), the methodology and approach to data collection, and the analytical framework. Furthermore, this chapter establishes the rationale for the book by detailing the argument that implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including the key aspects of sustainable development and lifelong learning, is closely related to green skills development and recognition in enterprises. As such, the two starting points for this study are the invisibility of the decisive role of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) (definition included in the glossary) in promoting green practices and green skills development, and the need for making visible the invisible outcomes of workers’ participation in learning activities through green skills recognition (definition included in the glossary). This chapter also introduces the analytical framework that is used in the study to develop a holistic understanding of the principles and approaches required for green skills recognition. To frame the analyses presented in Chap. 2 of the book and the model presented in Part III, macro, meso, and micro-levels are included in this framework: political decisions and policies that countries, and, in the context of this study, one territory, use to move towards green transition and greening of education and training; the role of standards, learning outcomes, and quality assurance mechanisms related to green skills and their inclusion in RVA; and actions at the level of enterprises.