bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linking microhabitat selection, range size, reproductive state, and behavioral state in greater sage‐grouse
Authors: Gelling Erin L. , Pratt Aaron C. , Beck Jeffrey L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA female's reproductive status influences her behavior which affects habitat selection and range size; however, reproduction and behavior are generally unaccounted for in habitat selection studies. Range size, daily activity, and habitat selection between reproductive states have rarely been investigated in a connected manner. We focused on brood‐rearing and broodless (i.e., females without young) greater sage‐grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus). Our objectives were as follows: 1) identify differences between reproductive state (females with broods 0–2 weeks, broods 3–5 weeks, and broodless females) and behavioral state (foraging, day roosting, and night roosting) in microhabitat selection, 2) evaluate daily activity for brood‐rearing and broodless females, and 3) contrast daily and seasonal range sizes for each reproductive state. We collected Global Positioning System location and accelerometer data every 5 min from female sage‐grouse in Carbon County, Montana, and Park County, Wyoming, USA, in 2018–2019. We sampled microhabitat for 36 females at 276 bird‐use and random plots, estimated ranges for 38 females, and measured activity for 43 females. Females with broods 0–2 weeks selected against visual obstruction and for perennial grasses at night roosts, females with broods 3–5 weeks selected for visual obstruction when foraging and against visual obstruction and annual grasses but for sagebrush cover at night roosts; however, broodless females showed no selection. Patterns of daily activity differed between females with broods 0–2 weeks and broodless females; females with broods 3–5 weeks showed an intermediate pattern. Females with broods 0–2 weeks had the smallest daily (0.027 km2) and seasonal (0.21 km2) ranges compared with females with broods 3–5 weeks (daily = 0.038 km2, seasonal = 0.36 km2) and broodless females (daily = 0.035 km2, seasonal = 0.44 km2). Our results indicated the importance of considering reproductive and behavioral state and accounting for habitats and space required by all individuals in conservation and management decisions.
Schule aus dem Geist von Public Health?
Authors: Bittlingmayer Uwe H. , Okcu Gözde 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungIm Rahmen der Gesundheitsförderung im Sinne der Ottawa-Charta wird der Schule eine Reihe von Aufgaben und Funktionen zugeschrieben, die unter anderem zur Reduktion von gesundheitlichen und sozialen Ungleichheiten beitragen sollen. Dabei finden allerdings in der Public-Health-Diskussion zur schulischen Gesundheitsförderung wichtige theoretische Überlegungen und empirische Erkenntnisse aus der Bildungssoziologie, die Schule als eine hierarchisierende, segregierende, Ungleichheiten produzierende und reproduzierende Institution analysiert, kaum Platz. In diesem Diskussionsbeitrag werden einige bildungssoziologische Positionen und die normative Rahmung der schulischen Gesundheitsförderung vorgestellt. Ferner wird auf die Widersprüche zwischen den Zielen der Gesundheitsförderung und den aktuellen schulischen Bedingungen eingegangen. Zum Schluss werden konzeptionelle Überlegungen für eine Perspektive vorgestellt, die Bildung aus dem Geist der Gesundheitsförderung entwickelt, dabei werden Verbindungen zu Inklusion, Demokratiebildung sowie Menschenrechten hergestellt.
Magnetic resonance imaging of inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver: a 2021 systematic literature update and series presentation
Authors: Calistri Linda , Maraghelli Davide , Nardi Cosimo , Vidali Sofia , Rastrelli Vieri , Crocetti Laura , Grazioli Luigi , Colagrande Stefano 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Inflammatory pseudotumors of the liver (IPTL) are not exceptional benign lesions with various etiologies, histology, and imaging appearances. The incomplete knowledge of this pathology and the wide polymorphism sometimes resembling malignancy often induce long and expensive diagnostic flow, biopsy and occasionally unnecessary surgery. We propose a systematic revision of MRI literature data (2000–2021) with some narrative inserts and 10 new complete MRI cases, with the aim of organizing the data about IPTL and identifying some typical features able to improve its diagnosis from imaging.

Methods
We performed a systematic revision of literature from 2000 to 2021 to obtain MRI features, epidemiological, and clinical data of IPTL. The basic online search algorithm on the PubMed database was “(pseudotumor) AND (liver) AND (imaging).” Quality assessment was performed using both scales by Moola for case report studies and by Munn for cross-sectional studies reporting prevalence data. A case-based retrospective study by collecting patients diagnosed with IPTL from three different university hospitals from 2015 to 2021 was done as well. Only cases with MR examinations complete with T1/T2/contrast-enhanced T1/Diffusion-Weighted (W) images and pathology-proven IPTL were selected.

Results
After screening/selection 38 articles were included for a total of 114 patients. In our experience we selected 10 cases for a total of 16 IPTLs; 8 out of 10 patients underwent at least 1 MRI follow-up. Some reproducible and rather typical imaging findings for IPTL were found. The targetoid aspect of IPTL is very frequent in our experience (75% on T1W, 44% on T2W, 81% on contrast-enhanced T1W (at least one phase), 100% on Diffusion-W images) but is also recurrent in the literature (6% on T1W, 31% on T2W, 51% on CE-T1W (at least one phase), 18% on Diffusion-W images, and 67% on hepatobiliary phase). In our experience, Apparent Diffusion Coefficient map values were always equal to or higher than those of the surrounding parenchyma, and at MRI follow-up, nodule/s disappeared at first/second control, in six patients, while in the remaining 2, lesions persisted with tendency to dehydration.

Conclusion
A targetoid-like aspect of a focal liver lesion must raise diagnostic suspicion, especially if IgG4-positive plasma is detected. MRI follow-up mainly shows the disappearance of the lesion or its reduction with dehydration.

Graphical abstract
Lack of correlation between different congestion markers in acute decompensated heart failure
Authors: Haag Svenja , Jobs Alexander , Stiermaier Thomas , Fichera Carlo-Federico , Paitazoglou Christina , Eitel Ingo , Desch Steffen , Thiele Holger 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Hospitalizations for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) are commonly associated with congestion-related signs and symptoms. Objective and quantitative markers of congestion have been identified, but there is limited knowledge regarding the correlation between these markers.

Methods
Patients hospitalized for ADHF irrespective of left ventricular ejection fraction were included in a prospective registry. Assessment of congestion markers (e.g., NT-proBNP, maximum inferior vena cava diameter, dyspnea using visual analogue scale, and a clinical congestion score) was performed systematically on admission and at discharge. Telephone interviews were performed to assess clinical events, i.e., all-cause death or readmission for cardiovascular cause, after discharge. Missing values were handled by multiple imputation.

Results
In total, 130 patients were prospectively enrolled. Median length of hospitalization was 9 days (interquartile range 6 to 16). All congestion markers declined from admission to discharge (p < 0.001). No correlation between the congestion markers could be identified, neither on admission nor at discharge. The composite endpoint of all-cause death or readmission for cardiovascular cause occurred in 46.2% of patients. Only NT-proBNP at discharge was predictive for this outcome (hazard ratio 1.48, 95% confidence interval 1.15 to 1.90, p = 0.002).

Conclusion
No correlation between quantitative congestion markers was observed. Only NT-proBNP at discharge was significantly associated with the composite endpoint of all-cause death or readmission for cardiovascular cause. Findings indicate that the studied congestion markers reflect different aspects of congestion.

Graphical abstract
Circular undular hydraulic jumps in turbulent free-surface flows
Authors: Murschenhofer Dominik 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNear-critical turbulent axisymmetric free-surface flow over a horizontal bottom is investigated. Assuming that undular hydraulic jumps occur at large radii, an asymptotic analysis of the governing equations is performed in the double limit of very large Reynolds numbers and Froude numbers close to the critical value 1. The results are kept free of turbulence modelling due to a specific coupling of the two limiting processes. The final result of the asymptotic analysis is a new steady-state version of an extended Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation for the free-surface elevation. The extended KdV equation is derived as a uniformly valid differential equation, describing the flow near the origin of the undular jump as well as far downstream. Numerical solutions of the extended KdV equation show that circular undular jumps can develop if the reference state is located in the region where the effect due to axisymmetry prevails over the effect of friction. In this case, the solution oscillates over a very long distance until the accumulating friction effects force a breakdown. The comparison between the theories of undular jumps in turbulent and inviscid flows shows that friction is of minor importance near the development of the undular jump. However, friction has to be taken into account to describe the flow further downstream. Remarkably, the extended KdV equation is valid and yields undular solutions for both turbulent source and sink flow.
pCLE detects mucosal neoplastic vascular pattern in gastric linitis plastica
Authors: Fornasarig Mara , Capuano Alessandra , Maiero Stefania , Pivetta Eliana , Canzonieri Vincenzo , Belluco Claudio , Mongiat Maurizio , Cannizzaro Renato , Spessotto Paola 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLinitis plastica (LP) is a very aggressive and rare carcinoma with a scirrhous stroma that affects the submucosal and muscular layers of the stomach even without mucosal alterations. Lack of timely diagnosis is a crucial problem related to its prognosis and treatment. In this study, we investigated the LP-associated vascular pattern as a possible means to improve the diagnosis of these patients. During standard endoscopy, mucosal architecture, tortuosity and enlargement of vessels, as well as the presence of vascular leakage and efficiency of the blood flow were assessed in six LP patients using probe-based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy (pCLE). In all LP patients, we detected abnormal changes in vasculature. The aberrant features of the vascular network were common to all LP patients examined and consisted of vessel enlargement, tortuosity, and leakage associated with the affected submucosal layer. This is the first study to highlight the presence of marked vascularization associated with LP, characterized by the presence of abnormal and non-functional vessels, similar to what is observed in neoplastic tissues. Therefore, the analysis of LP by pCLE may provide a new endoscopic approach and strategy to better define these patients.
Patterns of genomic diversity and linkage disequilibrium across the disjunct range of the Australian forest tree Eucalyptus globulus
Authors: Butler Jakob B. , Freeman Jules S. , Potts Brad M. , Vaillancourt René E. , Kahrood Hossein V. , Ades Peter K. , Rigault Philippe , Tibbits Josquin F. G. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The evolutionary trajectory of a population both influences and is influenced by characteristics of its genome. A disjunct population, for example is likely to exhibit genomic features distinct from those of continuous populations, reflecting its specific evolutionary history and influencing future recombination outcomes. We examined genetic diversity, population differentiation and linkage disequilibrium (LD) across the highly disjunct native range of the Australian forest tree Eucalyptus globulus, using 203,337 SNPs genotyped in 136 trees spanning seven races. We found support for four broad genetic groups, with moderate FST, high allelic diversity and genome-wide LD decaying to an r2 of 0.2 within 4 kb on average. These results are broadly similar to those reported previously in Eucalyptus species and support the ‘ring’ model of migration proposed for E. globulus. However, two of the races (Otways and South-eastern Tasmania) exhibited a much slower decay of LD with physical distance than the others and were also the most differentiated and least diverse, which may reflect the effects of selective sweeps and/or genetic bottlenecks experienced in their evolutionary history. We also show that FST and rates of LD vary within and between chromosomes across all races, suggestive of recombination outcomes influenced by genomic features, hybridization or selection. The results obtained from studying this species serve to illustrate the genomic effects of population disjunction and further contribute to the characterisation of genomes of woody genera.
Facilitating maintenance of stormwater ponds: comparison of analytical methods for determination of metal pollution
Authors: Gavrić Snežana , Flanagan Kelsey , Österlund Heléne , Blecken Godecke-Tobias , Viklander Maria 
Published: June 2022

AbstractStormwater ponds are widely used for controlling runoff quality through the sedimentation of particles and associated pollutants. Their maintenance requires regular removal and disposal of accumulated material. This necessitates an assessment of material hazardousness, including potential hazard due to its contamination by metals. Here we analyze 32 stormwater pond sediment samples from 17 facilities using several chemical analysis methods (total extraction, sequential extraction, diffusive gradients in thin-films DGT, and pore water extraction) in order to consider the complementarity and comparability of the different approaches. No clear relationship was found between analyses that have the potential to measure similar metal fractions (DGT and either fraction 1 of the sequential extraction (adsorbed and exchangeable metals and carbonates) or pore water concentrations). Loss on ignition (LOI) had a significant positive correlation with an indicator of the environmental risk developed in this paper (∑ranks) that incorporates different metals, speciations, and environmental endpoints. Large variations in metal levels were observed between ponds. As clustering was limited between the different analyses, a comprehensive analysis of different parameters is still needed to fully understand metal speciation and bioavailability.
Nattokinase attenuates bisphenol A or gamma irradiation-mediated hepatic and neural toxicity by activation of Nrf2 and suppression of inflammatory mediators in rats
Authors: Elbakry Mustafa M. M. , Mansour Somaya Z. , Helal Hamed , Ahmed Esraa S. A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Nattokinase (NK), a protease enzyme produced by Bacillus subtilis, has various biological effects such as lipid-lowering activity, antihypertensive, antiplatelet/anticoagulant, and neuroprotective effects. Exposure to environmental toxicants such as bisphenol A (BPA) or γ-radiation (IR) causes multi-organ toxicity through several mechanisms such as impairment of oxidative status, signaling pathways, and hepatic and neuronal functions as well as disruption of the inflammatory responses. Therefore, this study is designed to evaluate the ameliorative effect of NK against BPA- or IR-induced liver and brain damage in rats. Serum ammonia level and liver function tests were measured in addition to brain oxidative stress markers, amyloid-beta, tau protein, and neuroinflammatory mediators. Moreover, relative quantification of brain nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) genes, as well as apoptotic markers in brain tissue, was carried out in addition to histopathological examination. The results showed that NK improved liver functions, impaired oxidative status, the cholinergic deficits, and minified the misfolded proteins aggregates. Furthermore, NK alleviated the neuroinflammation via modulating NF-κB/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and glial cell activation in addition to their antiapoptotic effect. Collectively, the current results revealed the protective effect of NK against hepatic and neurotoxicity derived from BPA or IR.
Visceral artery aneurysmal lesion of the omentum – a rare cause of spontaneous fatal intra-abdominal hemorrhage
Authors: McClintock Claire M. , Byard Roger W , Sebben Ruben , Langlois Neil E. I. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe report unexpected death of a 72-year-old man due to a hemoperitoneum (1.9 L of blood in the abdominal cavity). Postmortem examination revealed that the cause of the hemorrhage was an arterial aneurysmal lesion in the greater omentum. The lesion measured 4 × 4 × 6 cm with a generally smooth wall, but with a focal area of rupture within a hemorrhagic region measuring 1 × 2 cm. There was a substantial feeding artery. Histological examination revealed features in keeping with a pseudoaneurysm, but also with some features of a true aneurysm. There was no history of trauma and the rupture of the aneurysmal lesion that had caused the hematoperitoneum was considered to be spontaneous. Prior to his death the deceased had attended hospital for epigastric pain, which was attributed to dyspepsia, but otherwise he had not had symptoms prior to his death.
Deciphering field-based evidences for crop allelopathy in weed regulation. A review
Authors: Mahé Inès , Chauvel Bruno , Colbach Nathalie , Cordeau Stéphane , Gfeller Aurélie , Reiss Antje , Moreau Delphine 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIt is now essential to reduce the negative impacts of weed management and especially herbicide use. Weed-suppressive crop species/varieties hold promise for integrated and sustainable weed regulation. Competition for resources and allelopathy are the two main underlying mechanisms. Unlike competition, which is well studied and established, allelopathy by living crops remains a contentious mechanism. A major difficulty to demonstrate the effects of allelopathy in the field is to dissociate them from those of competition. Here, we systematically and quantitatively review the literature, searching for field-based evidence of the role of allelopathy (by root exudation of living crops) in weed regulation, independently of competition, focusing on studies comparing different varieties of a given crop species. Our critical literature analysis also aims to identify weaknesses and strengths in methodology, providing insights on optimal experimental designs and avenues for future research. Our main conclusions are: (1) in most articles, the role of crop competition is disregarded or not exhaustively studied. Consequently, contrary to authors’ conclusions, it cannot be determined whether weed regulation is due to allelopathy and/or to competition. (2) Few articles provided convincing evidence of the presence/absence of allelopathy in the field. (3) To further investigate allelopathy in the field we recommend to (i) finely characterize crop competition by measuring traits in the field, (ii) assess crop allelopathic potential with complementary experiments in controlled conditions or by quantifying allelochemicals in the field, and (iii) quantify the contribution of each studied trait/mechanism in explaining weed regulation in the field with multiple regression models. In conclusion, the consistent use of the suggested guidelines, as well as alternative approaches (e.g., creation of varieties with deactivated allelopathic functions, development of process-based simulation models), may provide a basis for quantifying the role of allelopathy in the field and, subsequently, for designing weed management strategies promoting weed biological regulation.
Mountain pastures increase the resilience of livestock farming to extreme events in the Ariège department, France
Authors: Mayer Andreas , Egger Claudine , Loyau Adeline , Plutzar Christoph , Schmeller Dirk S. , Gaube Veronika 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMountain pastures are embedded in highly sensitive mountain ecosystems and provide forage for livestock during summer. In years when forage in the lowlands becomes scarce due to over-grazing and land degradation, or climate-related extreme events such as droughts, increasing stocking densities or expanding grazed areas in mountain pastures provide an additional and cost-efficient forage source. Their utilization highly depends on the management decisions of farmers and practices on their own agricultural land. To predict future land use and concomitant ecological impacts, it is crucial to understand the complex interplay between the decisions of farmers as well as the socio-economic and climatic environment. To understand these interactions, we use the agent-based part of the SECLAND model to analyze the future systemic feedback between climate change, land owner’s decisions on land use, and land use change on agricultural land and mountain pastures in the department of Ariège, France. We develop three land use scenarios for a sustainability-driven, a business-as-usual, and a scenario driven by fossil-fueled economic growth. In all scenarios, 32–46% of farms cease to exist, while active farms intensify their land use. On mountain pastures, results show increasing stocking densities up to the maximum carrying capacity of 0.3 livestock units per hectare, especially under the scenario with strong climate change effects and increased extreme events. Additionally, these patterns are strongly shaped by farm succession, vegetation regrowth on unused mountain pastures, and the search for cost-efficient forage resources. Such high stocking densities on mountain pastures increase the pressure on the ecosystem through manure droppings and the introduction of alien microbes, calling for considerate management to avoid conflicting situations. Agent-based models such as that used in this study enable researchers to untangle the described complex interactions between grazing livestock, and the utilization of lowland and mountain pastures in European mountain agroecosystems.