bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case Study: Nepal. The Inclusion of Green Competences in the Recognition of Prior Learning
Authors: Lamichhane Ramhari , Neupane Manoj Sharma 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis chapter explores the status of environmentally friendly practices and the use of recognition, validation and accreditation (RVA) mechanisms to recognise skills in four major sectors of the Nepalese industry—catering, PVC manufacturing, automotive and waste management. A field survey was conducted on 20 enterprises in the aforementioned sectors. The Nepalese industrial sector is in a very early stage of its development and the level of environmental awareness among employers and employees is very low. Although the present status of the Nepalese industrial sector is at a nascent stage in the creation of green jobs, there seems to be potential for the creation of such opportunities in the future. However, to make use of these opportunities, it is necessary to understand workers’ skills and learning needs that will enable them to work in a way to overcome environmental degradation and mitigate climate change. Green skills that promote greater responsibility towards minimising the negative impact of industrial activities are vital for job creation and sustainable development. The recognition of green skills in the workplace and industry is an area for research that could bring green transformation to the Nepalese economy. The joint efforts of government, enterprises, occupational sectors and training providers, as well as international development partners, are important to institutionalise recognition of green skills in enterprises and industry.
RVA in Asia and the Pacific Region
Authors: Singh Madhu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe development of procedures for the recognition, validation and accreditation (RVA) of skills, learning and work experience obtained in non-formal and informal settings is a priority of UNESCO, central to lifelong and life-wide learning. The aim is to make visible and give value to the hidden and unrecognised competences that individuals have attained in various settings, strengthen lifelong learning pathways and increase labour market inclusion.
Case Study: India. The Role of the Skill Council for Green Jobs (SCGJ) in Recognising Green Skills and Upskilling Workers in Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
Authors: Bishnoi Tanmay , Rai Deepak Kumar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis chapter focuses on the recognition of green skills and upskilling of employees in micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) dealing with waste management and renewable energy. In case of India, government pays a special attention to establishing and supporting a renewable energy (RE) sector, thus to contextualise this case study, RE is included in the analysis. It argues that recycling and reduction of waste, reuse of waste water, as well as the reduction of the negative impacts of climate change through renewable energy and energy-efficient devices, are key to all sectors—including catering, automotive and PVC manufacturing. India is one of the youngest nations in the world with more than 62% of its population in the working age group (15–59 years), therefore, to benefit from this demographic dividend, India needs to equip its workforce with employable skills and knowledge for sustainable growth. For the micro-level analysis, the study reported in this chapter was carried out with 47 enterprises. The results demonstrate a potential for recognizing ‘green skills’ that employees acquire non-formally and informally. The reported study was carried out by the Skill Council for Green Jobs (SCGJ), an autonomous body under the National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC), Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE). SCGJ acts as a bridge between the Government of India and industry sectors in the implementation of skills development programmes considering industry needs and standards and relating them to the National Skill Qualification Framework (NSQF) levels.
Case Study: Malaysia. Recognising Green Skills in Non-formal Learning Settings
Authors: Ismail Sarimah , Suhairom Nornazira , Musta’mal Aede Hatib , Saud Muhammad Sukri , Kamin Yusri , Noordin Mohammad Khair 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis chapter analyses the results of a study on recognition, validation and accreditation (RVA) of non-formal and informal learning outcomes based on interviews with staff from five enterprises, two in the automotive sector, two in catering services and one in PVC manufacturing. Both formal and informal enterprises were interviewed. Interviews with the enterprises across three sectors showed that most employers in both formal and informal enterprises were not familiar with the term ‘green skills’. However, they were aware of environmental policies and regulations related to their respective sectors, and they encouraged the implementation of certain green practices in their enterprises by creating awareness among staff, promoting attitudinal changes, monitoring compliance with rules and regulations as well as integrating green skills into staff training programmes and RVA. Findings highlighted the importance of the need for employers to have guidelines on how enterprises can affect environmental sustainability. Results of the study also showed the centrality of the role of stakeholders—including both public and private enterprises as well as NGO sectors, consumer associations and government departments—in pushing for the inclusion of green skills in staff training and RVA mechanisms.
Chaos in celestial CFT
Authors: Pasterski Sabrina , Verlinde Herman 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Celestial holography proposes a duality between gravitational scattering in asymptotically flat space-time and a conformal field theory living on the celestial sphere. Its dictionary relates the infinite dimensional space-time symmetry group to Ward identities of the CFT. The spontaneous breaking of these asymptotic symmetries governs the dynamics of the soft sector in the CFT. Here we show that this sector encodes non-trivial backreaction effects that exhibit characteristics of maximal quantum chaos. A key element in the derivation is the identification of the Hilbert space of celestial CFT, defined through radial quantization, with that of a constantly accelerating Rindler observer. From the point of view of the bulk, Rindler particles exhibit Lyapunov behavior due to shockwave interactions that shift the observer horizon. From the point of view of the boundary, the superrotation Goldstone modes affect the relevant representations of the celestial Virasoro symmetry in a manner that induces Lyapunov behavior of out-of-time-ordered celestial correlators.
Additional post-mortem inspection procedures and laboratory methods as supplements for visual meat inspection of finishing pigs in Europe—Use and variability
Authors: Laukkanen-Ninios Riikka , Ghidini Sergio , Gómez Laguna Jaime , Langkabel Nina , Santos Susana , Maurer Patric , Meemken Diana , Alban Lis , Alvseike Ole , Vieira-Pinto Madalena 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the EU, a post-mortem inspection of finishing pigs comprises visual inspections of the carcass and offal followed by additional examinations, such as palpation and incision of parts, when needed. Moreover, it can include various laboratory tests. Since European meat inspection is regulated by the EU, one may assume that post-mortem inspection is performed in the same way in the Member States. However, previous studies showed that variations exist. This article shows the results of a survey performed in September 2020 on how visual meat inspection of finishing pigs is applied in Europe. By using a questionnaire, palpations, incisions and other procedures for 10 gross pathological findings and laboratory methods applied by official veterinarians to evaluate the fitness of meat for human consumption were assessed. We received 44 responses from 26 European countries. Most respondents reported that visual meat inspection was a generally applied inspection method. The main reason for not applying visual meat inspection was export requirements. The most important reasons for applying palpations and incisions in addition to visual inspection were findings detected in ante- or post-mortem inspection. There was considerable variation in the use of palpations and incisions, other post-mortem procedures and laboratory tests to assess meat fitness for human consumption. The respondents mentioned some country-specific practices, but we also observed variations within the responding official veterinarians that could not be explained by country of origin or years of work experience. Additional detailed studies on the variation are needed before harmonisation of meat inspection procedures are attempted.
Violent experiences and neighbourhoods during adolescence: understanding and mitigating the association with mental health at the transition to adulthood in a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Latham Rachel M. , Arseneault Louise , Alexandrescu Bianca , Baldoza Saffron , Carter Alysha , Moffitt Terrie E. , Newbury Joanne B. , Fisher Helen L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeViolence occurs at multiple ecological levels and can harm mental health. However, studies of adolescents’ experience of violence have often ignored the community context of violence, and vice versa. We examined how personal experience of severe physical violence and living in areas with high levels of neighbourhood disorder during adolescence combine to associate with mental health at the transition to adulthood and which factors mitigate this.MethodData were from the Environmental Risk Longitudinal Twin Study, a nationally representative birth cohort of 2232 British twins. Participants’ experience of severe physical violence during adolescence and past-year symptoms of psychiatric disorder were assessed via interviews at age 18. Neighbourhood disorder was reported by residents when participants were aged 13–14. Potential protective factors of maternal warmth, sibling warmth, IQ, and family socio-economic status were assessed during childhood, and perceived social support at age 18.ResultsPersonal experience of severe physical violence during adolescence was associated with elevated odds of age-18 psychiatric disorder regardless of neighbourhood disorder exposure. Cumulative effects of exposure to both were evident for internalising and thought disorder, but not externalising disorder. For adolescents exposed to severe physical violence only, higher levels of perceived social support (including from family and friends) were associated with lower odds of psychiatric disorder. For those who also lived in areas with high neighbourhood disorder, only family support mitigated their risk.ConclusionIncreasing support or boosting adolescents’ perceptions of their existing support network may be effective in promoting their mental health following violence exposure.
The effect of the addition of gold flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) and chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) on the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of cranberry jams
Authors: Kosiorowska Angelika , Pietrzyk Sławomir , Pająk Paulina , Socha Robert 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDifferent form of seeds (whole or ground) may have a gelling effect and can substitute pectin in jams, moreover the type of their form have a remarkable impact on jams quality. The objective of this study was to ascertain if the form of added seeds have an influence on the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of cranberry jams incorporated in gold flax and chia seeds. Compared to traditional cranberry jam, the addition of both chia and gold flax seeds to the jams enhanced the nutritional value of samples by significant increase in protein, dietary fiber and polyunsaturated fatty acids content. Moreover, the enrichment of cranberry jams with seeds caused an increase in total polyphenols and phenolic acids content as well as their antioxidant activities. The texture measurement showed that both chia and flax seeds (irrespectively of their form) exhibited a gelling properties, however, the jams with the addition of ground seeds were characterized by similar texture as the control cranberry jam. Based on the obtained results, both gold flax and chia seeds can be considered as promising substitute for the gelling agents which additionally can change the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of jams.
Update on aneurysmal bone cyst: pathophysiology, histology, imaging and treatment
Authors: Restrepo Ricardo , Zahrah David , Pelaez Liset , Temple H. Thomas , Murakami James W. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a benign but locally aggressive lesion that predominantly affects children and young adults. ABC, which accounts for approximately 70% of the cases, is now recognized to be a true neoplasm, whereas ABC-like changes associated to other bone neoplasms (also referred in the literature as secondary ABC) accounts for the remaining 30%. The solid variant of ABC is also considered a true neoplasm but is rare. ABC can involve any bone in the body, and although it has a metaphyseal preference, it can involve any part of a bone and soft tissues. As with any bone tumor, the initial evaluation of ABCs should be done with radiographs followed by magnetic resonance imaging or less frequently computed tomography for further characterization. The imaging appearance of ABC is variable; however, a lytic and expansile lesion with fluid-fluid levels is the most common presentation. The main differential diagnosis of an ABC in the pediatric population is unicameral bone cyst (UBC) and telangiectatic osteosarcoma, therefore a biopsy is recommended before treatment. The therapeutic options of ABC range from curettage with or without adjuncts such as phenol, liquid nitrogen, argon laser and bone grafting or bone substitutes to more recently employed alternatives such as image-guided sclerotherapy with various sclerosing agents and monoclonal antibodies (e.g., Denosumab).
Influence of Honey bee Nutritive Jelly Type and Dilution on its Bactericidal Effect on Melissococcus plutonius, the Etiological Agent of European Foulbrood
Authors: de La Harpe Marylaure , Gütlin Ayaka , Chiang Camilo , Dietemann Vincent , Dainat Benjamin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo defend themselves against pathogenic microorganisms, honey bees resort to social immunity mechanisms, such as the secretion of antibiotic compounds in the jelly they feed to their larvae. Whereas the bactericidal activity of jelly fed to queen larvae is well studied, little is known about the bioactivity of compositionally different jelly fed to worker larvae. However, the numerous worker larvae are likely to drive the spread of the microorganism and influence its virulence and pathogenesis. Diluted jelly or extracts are mostly used for jelly bioactivity tests, which may bias the evaluation of the pathogen’s resistance and virulence. Here, we compared the bactericidal effect of pure and diluted jellies destined for queen and worker larvae on Melissococcus plutonius, the etiological agent of the European foulbrood (EFB) disease of honey bees, and on a secondary invader bacteria, Enterococcus faecalis. We tested three strains of M. plutonius with varying virulence to investigate the association between resistance to antibacterial compounds and virulence. The resistance of the bacteria varied but was not strictly correlated with their virulence and was lower in pure than in diluted jelly. Resistance differed according to whether the jelly was destined for queen or worker larvae, with some strains being more resistant to queen jelly and others to worker jelly. Our results provide a biologically realistic assessment of host defenses via nutritive jelly and contribute to a better understanding of the ecology of M. plutonius and of secondary invaders bacteria in the honey bee colony environment, thus shedding light on the selective forces affecting their virulence and on their role in EFB pathogenesis.
Evaluation of modified and newly applied patella height indices in primary total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Schreiner Anna Janine , Spiegel Lena , Yan Shuang Gen , Konrads Christian , Erne Felix , Hemmann Philipp , Schmidutz Florian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this radiological study was to compare several relevant modified and newly applied patella height indices (PHI) in navigated primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to determine intra- and interobserver reliability in order to give a recommendation for clinical application in measuring patella height (PH) in primary TKA.

Materials and methods
A retrospective data analysis assessing different PHI (modified Insall-Salvati index (mISI), Caton-Deschamps index (mCDI), Blackburne-Peel index (mBPI), Plateau-Patella Angle (mPPA); Miura-Kawaramura index (MKI), Knee-Triangular index (KTI)) on lateral knee radiographs was performed by two blinded observers using the same software three months pre- and postoperatively. Concordance correlation coefficient and Pearson’s correlation respectively were determined for intra- and interobserver rating as well as a categorization according to Landis and Koch and Cohen.

Results
A total of 337/291 patients of a 5-year period could be analyzed pre-/postoperatively. Excellent postoperative interrater results according to the categorization of Landis and Koch were achieved for the mBPI (Pearson 0.98) > mPPA (0.90) > KTI (0.86), good results for the MKI (0.79) and the mCDI (0.69), and moderate results for the mISI (0.52) with a predominantly strong Cohen correlation in almost all cases. Preoperatively, the mBPI and the KTI were the best interrated PHI. No PH changes could be found postoperatively for the mISI, KTI, MKI, and mPPA.

Conclusion
The mBPI, the mPPA, and the KTI can be recommended for PH assessment in TKA. The mPPA might be the easiest one to use in a daily clinical set-up.
Anti-CD38 antibody therapy for patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: differential mechanisms of action and recent clinical trial outcomes
Authors: Leleu Xavier , Martin Thomas , Weisel Katja , Schjesvold Fredrik , Iida Shinsuke , Malavasi Fabio , Manier Salomon , Chang-Ki Min  , Ocio Enrique M. , Pawlyn Charlotte , Perrot Aurore , Quach Hang , Richter Joshua , Spicka Ivan , Yong Kwee , Richardson Paul G. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCD38 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that functions both as a receptor and an ectoenzyme, playing key roles in the regulation of calcium signaling and migration of immune cells to tumor microenvironments. High expression on multiple myeloma (MM) cells and limited expression on normal cells makes CD38 an ideal target for the treatment of MM patients. Two monoclonal antibodies directed at CD38, isatuximab and daratumumab, are available for use in patients with relapsed and/or refractory MM (RRMM); daratumumab is also approved in newly diagnosed MM and light-chain amyloidosis. Clinical experience has shown that anti-CD38 antibody therapy is transforming treatment of MM owing to its anti-myeloma efficacy and manageable safety profile. Isatuximab and daratumumab possess similarities and differences in their mechanisms of action, likely imparted by their binding to distinct, non-overlapping epitopes on the CD38 molecule. In this review, we present the mechanistic properties of these two antibodies and outline available evidence on their abilities to induce adaptive immune responses and modulate the bone marrow niche in MM. Further, we discuss differences in regulatory labeling between these two agents and analyze recent key clinical trial results, including evidence in patients with underlying renal impairment and other poor prognostic factors. Finally, we describe the limited existing evidence for the use of isatuximab or daratumumab after disease progression on prior anti-CD38 mono- or combination therapy, highlighting the need for additional clinical evaluations to define optimal anti-CD38 antibody therapy selection and sequencing in RRMM.
Concept maps to enable interdisciplinary research in cross-domain fusion
Authors: Hundsdörfer Marie , Kröger Peer , Kuhn Annegret , Oppelt Natascha , Peters Isabella , Wiemers Lisa Marie 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA sound basis for an interdisciplinary dialogue is highly important for cross-domain fusion (CDF) dealing with knowledge transfer between working groups situated in different research disciplines. In this paper, we present a literature-based concept map as one example to start an interdisciplinary dialogue between disciplines for the showcase of the concept “coast” and illustrate how such a concept map can be used to explicate various computer science challenges and provide inputs for CDF. We use the strengths of a concept map to display gathered knowledge and perspectives, and hence view the different disciplines have on “coast” and further highlight inter- and intra-categorical connections between several disciplines. With this example, we also want to point out the importance for the understanding of data originating from different disciplines and to raise awareness about the various methods and models that provide data and information for CDF approaches.
Urinary incontinence in systemic sclerosis: a prospective multicentre cohort study
Authors: John Gregor , Zanatta Elisabetta , Polito Pamela , Piantoni Silvia , Fredi Micaela , Coattrenec Yann , Guemara Romain , Franceschini Franco , Truchetet Marie-Elise , Cozzi Franco , Airò Paolo , Chizzolini Carlo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInvestigate the natural history of urinary incontinence (UI) in systemic sclerosis (SSc) and assess its impact on quality of life (QoL). A longitudinal, international observational study followed 189 patients with SSc for a median duration of 5 years (IQR: 4.8–5.3). Presence, subtype and severity of UI, hospital admission and QoL were assessed using serial self-administered questionnaires. Mortality data came from national death registries. Multilevel mixed-effect logistic regressions explored factors associated with UI. Cox models adjusted the effects of UI on hospitalization and death for age, sex and subtype of SSc. Mean annual rates of new-onset UI and remission were 16.3% (95%CI 8.3%–24.2%) and 20.8% (95%CI 12.6–29.1), respectively. Among UI patients, 57.9% (95%CI 51.8–64.0) changed from one UI subtype to another. Between annual questionnaires, the severity of UI was the same in 51.1% (95%CI 40.8–61.4), milder or resolved in 35.2% (95%CI 25.3–44.9), and worse in 13.8% (95%CI 6.7–20.9). Anti-centromere antibodies, digestive symptoms, sex, age, neurological or urological comorbidities, diuretics and puffy fingers were all associated with UI. The two strongest predictors of UI and UI subtypes were a recent UI episode and the subtype of previous leakage episodes. UI at inclusion was not associated with hospital admission (adjusted HR: 1.86; 95%CI 0.88–3.93), time to death (aHR: 0.84; 95%CI 0.41–1.73) or change in QoL over time. Self-reported UI among SSc patients is highly dynamic: it waxes and wanes, changing from one subtype to another over time.