bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salt‐Induced Flocculation of Dissolved Organic Matter and Iron Is Controlled by Their Concentration and Ratio in Boreal Coastal Systems
Authors: Khoo Celyn L. L. , Sipler Rachel E. , Fudge Alexandria R. , Beheshti Foroutani Maryam , Boyd Sean G. , Ziegler Susan E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRivers and estuaries are important conduits and reactors for organic matter (OM). Despite the substantial export of terrestrial OM by rivers, only a small proportion of this material reaches the open ocean. One potentially important mechanism contributing to the removal of terrestrial dissolved OM (DOM) is flocculation; a process that transforms DOM into larger size fractions that can settle into sediment pools. Here we investigate the role of flocculation in adjacent boreal coastal systems over three consecutive seasons. Flocculation experiments, which include the artificial salting of freshwater DOM to mid (12 psu) and high salinity (25 psu), and a 1:1 mixture of freshwater DOM with their respective saline endmember, highlight a potentially important source of particulate carbon (PC) in boreal estuaries. Along with a 3.5% ± 1.0% removal of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and 44% ± 16% dissolved iron (DFe), the potential for flocculation of these constituents significantly increased with increasing salinity from 12 to 25 psu. The particulate matter (PM) produced by salt‐induced flocculation was comparable to in situ PC concentrations (in situ PC = 27.5 μmol L−1 and flocculated PC = 15.0 μmol L−1) and stable carbon isotopic signatures (in situ PM = −28.8‰ and flocculated PM = −28.3‰). DFe:DOC and Sr were the only parameters that could significantly explain the degree of carbon and iron flocculation. This demonstrates the importance of DOC, DFe, and optical properties, and the predictive value of DFe:DOC for understanding DOM susceptibility to flocculation and its relevance and contribution to regional and global carbon budgets.
Targeted activation of GPER enhances the efficacy of venetoclax by boosting leukemic pyroptosis and CD8+ T cell immune function in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Ren Jun , Tao Yonghong , Peng Meixi , Xiao Qiaoling , Jing Yipei , Huang Junpeng , Yang Jing , Lin Can , Sun Minghui , Lei Li , Yang Zesong , Yang Zailin , Zhang Ling 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a rapidly progressing and often fatal hematopoietic malignancy. Venetoclax (VEN), a recent FDA-approved BCL-2 selective inhibitor, has high initial response rates in elderly AML patients, but the majority of patients eventually acquire resistance. Multiple studies have demonstrated that the female sex is associated with better outcomes in patients with AML, which are predominantly attributed to estrogen signaling. As a novel membrane estrogen receptor, G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER)-mediated-rapid estrogen effects have attracted considerable attention. However, whether targeting GPER enhances the antileukemic activity of VEN is unknown. In this study, we first demonstrated that GPER expression was dramatically reduced in AML cells owing to promoter hypermethylation. Furthermore, pharmacological activation of GPER by G-1 combined with VEN resulted in synergistic antileukemic activity in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, G-1/VEN combination synergistically triggered concurrent mitochondria-related apoptosis and gasdermin E (GSDME)-dependent pyroptosis by activating p38-MAPK/myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL-1) axis. Importantly, leukemic pyroptosis heightened CD8+ T cell immune function by releasing interleukin (IL)-1β/18 into the tumor microenvironment. Our study corroborates that GPER activation shows a synergistic antileukemic effect with VEN, making it a promising therapeutic regimen for AML.
Vegetation type is an important predictor of the arctic summer land surface energy budget
Authors: Oehri Jacqueline , Schaepman-Strub Gabriela , Kim Jin-Soo , Grysko Raleigh , Kropp Heather , Grünberg Inge , Zemlianskii Vitalii , Sonnentag Oliver , Euskirchen Eugénie S. , Reji Chacko Merin , Muscari Giovanni , Blanken Peter D. , Dean Joshua F. , di Sarra Alcide , Harding Richard J. , Sobota Ireneusz , Kutzbach Lars , Plekhanova Elena , Riihelä Aku , Boike Julia , Miller Nathaniel B. , Beringer Jason , López-Blanco Efrén , Stoy Paul C. , Sullivan Ryan C. , Kejna Marek , Parmentier Frans-Jan W. , Gamon John A. , Mastepanov Mikhail , Wille Christian , Jackowicz-Korczynski Marcin , Karger Dirk N. , Quinton William L. , Putkonen Jaakko , van As Dirk , Christensen Torben R. , Hakuba Maria Z. , Stone Robert S. , Metzger Stefan , Vandecrux Baptiste , Frost Gerald V. , Wild Martin , Hansen Birger , Meloni Daniela , Domine Florent , te Beest Mariska , Sachs Torsten , Kalhori Aram , Rocha Adrian V. , Williamson Scott N. , Morris Sara , Atchley Adam L. , Essery Richard , Runkle Benjamin R. K. , Holl David , Riihimaki Laura D. , Iwata Hiroki , Schuur Edward A. G. , Cox Christopher J. , Grachev Andrey A. , McFadden Joseph P. , Fausto Robert S. , Göckede Mathias , Ueyama Masahito , Pirk Norbert , de Boer Gijs , Bret-Harte M. Syndonia , Leppäranta Matti , Steffen Konrad , Friborg Thomas , Ohmura Atsumu , Edgar Colin W. , Olofsson Johan , Chambers Scott D. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDespite the importance of high-latitude surface energy budgets (SEBs) for land-climate interactions in the rapidly changing Arctic, uncertainties in their prediction persist. Here, we harmonize SEB observations across a network of vegetated and glaciated sites at circumpolar scale (1994–2021). Our variance-partitioning analysis identifies vegetation type as an important predictor for SEB-components during Arctic summer (June-August), compared to other SEB-drivers including climate, latitude and permafrost characteristics. Differences among vegetation types can be of similar magnitude as between vegetation and glacier surfaces and are especially high for summer sensible and latent heat fluxes. The timing of SEB-flux summer-regimes (when daily mean values exceed 0 Wm−2) relative to snow-free and -onset dates varies substantially depending on vegetation type, implying vegetation controls on snow-cover and SEB-flux seasonality. Our results indicate complex shifts in surface energy fluxes with land-cover transitions and a lengthening summer season, and highlight the potential for improving future Earth system models via a refined representation of Arctic vegetation types.
Truly chiral phonons in α-HgS
Authors: Ishito Kyosuke , Mao Huiling , Kousaka Yusuke , Togawa Yoshihiko , Iwasaki Satoshi , Zhang Tiantian , Murakami Shuichi , Kishine Jun-ichiro , Satoh Takuya 
Published: October 2022

AbstractChirality is a manifestation of the asymmetry inherent in nature. It has been defined as the symmetry breaking of the parity of static objects, and the definition was extended to dynamic motion such that true and false chiralities were distinguished. Recently, rotating, yet not propagating, atomic motions were predicted and observed in two-dimensional materials, and they were referred to as ‘chiral phonons’. A natural development would be the discovery of truly chiral phonons that propagate while rotating in three-dimensional materials. Here we used circularly polarized Raman scattering and first-principles calculations to identify truly chiral phonons in chiral bulk crystals. This approach enabled us to determine the chirality of a crystal in a non-contact and non-destructive manner. In addition, we demonstrated that the law of the conservation of pseudo-angular momentum holds between circularly polarized photons and chiral phonons. These findings are expected to help develop ways for transferring the pseudo-angular momentum from photons to electron spins via propagating chiral phonons in opto-phononic-spintronic devices.
Pan-vaccine analysis reveals innate immune endotypes predictive of antibody responses to vaccination
Authors: Fourati Slim , Tomalin Lewis E. , Mulè Matthew P. , Chawla Daniel G. , Gerritsen Bram , Rychkov Dmitry , Henrich Evan , Miller Helen E. R. , Hagan Thomas , Diray-Arce Joann , Dunn Patrick ,   The Human Immunology Project Consortium (HIPC), Deckhut-Augustine Alison , Haddad Elias K. , Hafler David A. , Harris Eva , Farber Donna , McElrath Julie , Montgomery Ruth R. , Peters Bjoern , Rahman Adeeb , Reed Elaine F. , Rouphael Nadine , Fernandez-Sesma Ana , Sette Alessandro , Stuart Kenneth D. , Togias Alkis , Levy Ofer , Gottardo Raphael , Sarwal Minnie M. , Tsang John S. , Suárez-Fariñas Mayte , Pulendran Bali , Kleinstein Steven H. , Sékaly Rafick-Pierre 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSeveral studies have shown that the pre-vaccination immune state is associated with the antibody response to vaccination. However, the generalizability and mechanisms that underlie this association remain poorly defined. Here, we sought to identify a common pre-vaccination signature and mechanisms that could predict the immune response across 13 different vaccines. Analysis of blood transcriptional profiles across studies revealed three distinct pre-vaccination endotypes, characterized by the differential expression of genes associated with a pro-inflammatory response, cell proliferation, and metabolism alterations. Importantly, individuals whose pre-vaccination endotype was enriched in pro-inflammatory response genes known to be downstream of nuclear factor-kappa B showed significantly higher serum antibody responses 1 month after vaccination. This pro-inflammatory pre-vaccination endotype showed gene expression characteristic of the innate activation state triggered by Toll-like receptor ligands or adjuvants. These results demonstrate that wide variations in the transcriptional state of the immune system in humans can be a key determinant of responsiveness to vaccination.
An acoustic signature of extreme failure on model granular materials
Authors: Nguyên T. T. T. , Doanh T. , Bot A. Le , Dalmas D. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUnexpectedly, granular materials can fail, the structure even destroyed, spontaneously in simple isotropic compression with stick-slip-like frictional behaviour. This extreme behaviour is conceptually impossible for saturated two-phase assembly in classical granular physics. Furthermore, the triggering mechanisms of these laboratory events remain mysterious, as in natural earthquakes. Here, we report a new interpretation of these failures in under-explored isotropic compression using the time-frequency analysis of Cauchy continuous wavelet transform of acoustic emissions and multiphysics numerical simulations. Wavelet transformation techniques can give insights into the temporal evolution of the state of granular materials en route to failure and offer a plausible explanation of the distinctive hearing sound of the stick-slip phenomenon. We also extend the traditional statistical seismic Gutenberg–Richter power-law behaviour for hypothetical biggest earthquakes based on the mechanisms of stick-slip frictional instability, using very large artificial isotropic labquakes and the ultimate unpredictable liquefaction failure.
First line antiretroviral treatment failure and its association with drug substitution and sex among children in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Masresha Seteamlak Adane , Alen Gedefaw Diress , Kidie Atitegeb Abera , Dessie Amanuel Addisu , Dejene Tadesse Mamo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAntiretroviral Treatment (ART) has significantly decreased HIV-related morbidity and mortality among children despite the issue of drug resistance and subsequent treatment failure appearing as a challenge. Different studies have been conducted in Ethiopia regarding the prevalence of first-line ART failure among children but the magnitudes of these studies were inconsistent and had great variability. This review aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of first line ART failure among children and its association with drug substitution and sex of children among first-line ART users in Ethiopia. The review was conducted using both published and unpublished studies until September 2020 in Ethiopia. MEDLINE, PubMed, Hinari, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Africa journal online (AJOL), Open gray literature, and online repository articles were searched. The quality of individual studies was assessed by Joanna Briggs Institute's (JBI) critical appraisal checklist. The statistical analysis was done by STATA-14 software and a random effect model was used. Heterogeneity was assessed using forest plot Cochrane Q–test and I-squared statistic. Publication bias was checked by using a funnel plot and Egger’s and Begg’s statistical tests. The interpretation was made by an odds ratio and with their respective 95% confidence intervals. The heterogeneity rate was 90% and Begg’s and Egger’s for publication bias were insignificant with p-values of 0.89 and 0.11 respectively. The pooled prevalence of pediatric first line ART failure in Ethiopia was 14.98% (95% CI 11.74, 18.21). Subgroup analysis showed that the highest failure rate was virological (9.13%). Female children had 1.4 times more risk of first-line ART failure (OR = 1.42; 95% CI 1.08, 1.85). First-line ART failure among children in Ethiopia is considerably high. Being female increases the likelihood of facing first line ART failure. More attention should be given to female children.
Fabrication of biodegradable chicken feathers into ecofriendly-functionalized biomaterials: characterization and bio-assessment study
Authors: Goda Doaa A. , Diab Mohamed A. , El-Gendi Hamada , Kamoun Elbadawy A. , Soliman Nadia A. , Saleh Ahmed K. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study aims to investigate novel applications for chicken feather waste hydrolysate through a green, sustainable process. Accordingly, an enzymatically degraded chicken feather (EDCFs) product was used as a dual carbon and nitrogen source in the production medium of bacterial cellulose (BC). The yield maximization was attained through applying experimental designs where the optimal level of each significant variable was recorded and the yield rose 2 times. The produced BC was successfully characterized by FT-IR, XRD and SEM. On the other hand, sludge from EDCFs was used as a paper coating agent. The mechanical features of the coated papers were evaluated by bulk densities, maximum load, breaking length, tensile index, Young’s modulus, work to break and coating layer. The results showed a decrease in tensile index and an increase in elongation at break. These indicate more flexibility of the coated paper. The coated paper exhibits higher resistance to water vapor permeability and remarkable oil resistance compared to the uncoated one. Furthermore, the effectiveness of sludge residue in removing heavy metals was evaluated, and the sorption capacities were ordered as Cu ++  > Fe ++  > Cr ++  > Co ++ with high affinity (3.29 mg/g) toward Cu ++ and low (0.42 mg/g) towards Co ++ in the tested metal solution.
Selected hallmarks of hallux valgus in older women with symptomatic hallux valgus compared to middle-aged women with and without deformation of the forefoot
Authors: Jankowicz-Szymańska Agnieszka , Wódka Katarzyna , Bibro Marta , Smoła Eliza , Bac Aneta 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe aim of the study was to compare the shape of the feet, the mobility of the metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints and the flexibility of the calf muscles in older women with hallux valgus versus middle-aged women with and without this deformation to identify the presence of features which correlate particularly strongly with hallux valgus, and on which prophylaxis and conservative treatment should focus. The study involved 201 women: 92 aged 60–84 years with hallux valgus of both toes, 78 aged 38–59 with hallux valgus of both toes, and 31 aged 38–57 years with correctly shaped feet. The intensity of pain in the foot, the valgus angle of the big toe and fifth toe, the longitudinal and transverse arches of the foot, the symmetry of foot load with body weight, toe joint mobility and muscle flexibility were analysed. Both groups of women with hallux valgus differed from women with normal feet in the height of the transverse arch, the extent of dorsal extension in the first metatarsophalangeal joint and plantar flexion in the first interphalangeal joint. Older women were additionally characterised by reduced plantar flexion in the metatarsophalangeal joint of the big toe, limited flexibility of the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles as well as less pain in the toe area than in the foot itself. The most characteristic changes which were observed in older women with hallux valgus are a limited range of motion in the MTP and IP joints of the big toe, a reduced transverse arch and increased restriction of calf muscle flexibility.
Artificial intelligence used to diagnose osteoporosis from risk factors in clinical data and proposing sports protocols
Authors: Fasihi Leila , Tartibian Bakhtyar , Eslami Rasoul , Fasihi Hossein 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOsteoporosis (OP) is characterized by diminished bone mass and deteriorating bone structure that increases the chance of fractures in the spine, hips, and wrists. In this paper, a novel data processing method of artificial intelligence (AI) is used for evaluating, predicting, and classifying OP risk factors in clinical data of men and women separately. Additionally, artificial intelligence was used to suggest the most appropriate sports programs for treatment. Data was obtained from dual-energy x-ray absorption scanning center of Ayatollah Kashani, Milad, and Khatam al-Anbia hospitals in Tehran, Iran. The subjects included 1224 men and women. Models were developed using decision tree, random forest (RF), k-nearest neighbor, support vector machine, gradient boosting (GB), Extra trees, Ada Boost (AB), and artificial neural network multilayer perceptron analysis to predict osteoporosis and to recommend sports programs. Data was divided into training (80%) and test dataset (20%). The results were obtained on a 20% test dataset. Area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was used to compare the performance of the models. To predict healthy individuals, osteopenia and osteoporosis, the FR algorithm with AUROC 0.91 performed best in men and the GB algorithm with AUROC 0.95 performed best in women compared to other classification algorithms. Prediction of RF algorithm in women and men with AUROC 0.96 and 0.99, respectively, showed the highest performance in diagnosing the type of exercise for healthy individuals and those with osteopenia and OP. Eight AI algorithms were developed and compared to accurately predict osteoporosis risk factors and classify individuals into three categories: healthy, osteopenia, and OP. In addition, the AI algorithms were developed to recommend the most appropriate sports programs as part of treatment. Applying the AI algorithms in a clinical setting could help primary care providers classify patients with osteoporosis and improve treatment by recommending appropriate exercise programs.
Twitter Usage About Stuttering
Authors: Azios Michael , Rangarathnam Balaji , Jianyuan Ni , Irani Farzan , Bellon-Harn Monica , Manchaiah Vinaya 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:
The objective of this study was to examine specific patterns of Twitter usage using common reference to stuttering.

Method:
The study used cross-sectional analysis of data generated from Twitter data. Twitter content, language, reach, users, accounts, temporal trends, and social networks were examined.

Results:
We identified and analyzed around 270,000 tweets from May to September 2018. Of the 100 most active Twitter accounts, individuals owned 64% compared with 31% owned by organizations. The individual accounts mainly consisted of comedians who stutter and individual's accounts. Of the individual accounts, 61% belonged to people who did not stutter or significant others of persons who stutter (PWSs). PWSs or significant others of PWSs accounted for 10.9% and 28.1%, respectively. Three unique tweets were identified as each having a reach of over 8 million Twitter users, with the greatest reach exceeding 40 million users. Temporal analysis identified marked retweet outliers (> 2,800 and > 2,200 retweets per day) that corresponded with a prank call made to the president on air force one by Stuttering John. Results indicate that, during data collection, Twitter is a platform that primarily functions to assail political opponents or denigrate adversaries, which further enhances the negative stereotypes about stuttering.

Conclusions:
The conclusions are based on the 100 most active/highest reach Twitter accounts. Twitter accounts owned by individuals outnumbered organization accounts, and people who do not stutter were the most frequently active account type. This study offers important insights regarding existing trends and offers an informed direction for future advocacy for PWSs and their supporting community via Twitter.
The economics of marriage: Evidence from China
Authors: Gao Zhitong , Pang Jihong , Zhou Hongyong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMarriage market imbalances are common in modern society for social and economic reasons, including the increased cost of marriage caused by high housing prices and an imbalance in the number of men and women. We draw on the family economic theory of Gary Becker to study the general equilibrium of the marriage market in China. On the one hand, we find that the increasing price of houses, an important measure of marriage cost, has significantly reduced the marriage rate in China. Another determining factor that has reduced the marriage rate is an imbalance in the sex ratio, with more men than women, as a result of China’s one-child policy. On the other hand, higher GDP and educational levels have positive effects on the marriage rate. Interestingly, the rise in housing prices after the implementation of the two-child policy in China has had a more negative impact on the marriage rate. Overall, our findings have important policy implications for government.
Bilinguals produce language-specific voice onset time in two true-voicing languages
Authors: Souganidis Christoforos , Molinaro Nicola , Stoehr Antje 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
It is well established that early bilinguals who speak languages that differ in the phonetic implementation of the
voicing contrast have language-specific voicing systems. This study investigates voicing separation in bilinguals who speak two
true-voicing languages, Basque and Spanish. We also describe the voicing system in Gipuzkoan Spanish and Gipuzkoan Basque, which
is the closest dialect to Standard Basque and it has not yet been investigated experimentally. Twenty Basque-Spanish early
bilingual speakers of Gipuzkoan dialects participated in two picture naming tasks. We described their voicing system by measuring
voice onset time (VOT) in both Gipuzkoan Basque and Spanish, and used linear mixed-effects models to investigate between-language
production differences. Our results show for the first time that adult early bilinguals who speak two true-voicing languages
produce language-specific VOT in ‘voiced’ plosives. This finding demonstrates that bilinguals’ phonetic systems during production
are more fine-grained than previously assumed, and contributes to a deeper understanding of granularity in early bilingual
phonetic systems.
Neutrino lines from MeV dark matter annihilation and decay in JUNO
Authors: Akita Kensuke , Lambiase Gaetano , Niibo Michiru , Yamaguchi Masahide 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe discuss the discovery potential of JUNO experiment for neutrino lines from MeV dark matter (DM) annihilation and decay in a model-independent way. We find that JUNO will be able to give severe constraints on the cross section of DM annihilating into neutrinos and on the lifetime of DM decaying into neutrinos. More concretely, with 20 years of data-taking in the fiducial volume 17 kton, the cross section will be constrained smaller than 4 × 10-26cm3sec-1for the mass of a DM particle 15 MeV ≲mχ≲ 50 MeV at 90 % C.L., which might be strong enough to test thermal production mechanism of DM particles for such range of DM mass. The lifetime will be constrained as strong as 1 × 1024sec for the mass of a DM particlemχ≃ 100 MeV at 90 % C.L..