bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of oral iron in the treatment of adults with iron deficiency
Authors: Lo Jamie O. , Benson Ashley E. , Martens Kylee L. , Hedges Madeline A. , McMurry Hannah Stowe , DeLoughery Thomas , Aslan Joseph E. , Shatzel Joseph J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIron deficiency is the most common nutrient deficiency in the world, affecting over 20% of premenopausal women worldwide. Oral iron supplementation is often the first‐line treatment for the acute and chronic management of iron deficiency due to its ease and accessibility. However, there is no consensus on the optimal formulation or dosing strategy, or which patients should be preferentially treated with intravenous iron. Management of iron deficiency is complicated by the hepcidin‐ferroportin iron regulatory pathway, which has evolved to prevent iron overload and thereby creates an inherent limit on gastrointestinal iron uptake and efficacy of oral iron. Unabsorbed iron propagates many of the side effects that complicate oral iron use including dyspepsia and constipation, all of which can thus be exacerbated by excessive oral iron doses. Daily low dose and every other day dosing protocols have attempted to bypass this physiologic bottleneck to allow for effective absorption and limit side effects; however, this approach has still resulted in low fractional iron absorption. In the following manuscript, we review the pathophysiology of iron absorption and current evidence for various preparations of oral iron. Lastly, we highlight opportunities for further study to advance the care of individuals affected by iron deficiency.
Microbes and the fate of neutrophils
Authors: Kobayashi Scott D. , DeLeo Frank R. , Quinn Mark T. 
Published: November 2022

SummaryNeutrophils or polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) are an important component of innate host defense. These phagocytic leukocytes are recruited to infected tissues and kill invading microbes. There are several general characteristics of neutrophils that make them highly effective as antimicrobial cells. First, there is tremendous daily production and turnover of granulocytes in healthy adults—typically 1011 per day. The vast majority (~95%) of these cells are neutrophils. In addition, neutrophils are mobilized rapidly in response to chemotactic factors and are among the first leukocytes recruited to infected tissues. Most notably, neutrophils contain and/or produce an abundance of antimicrobial molecules. Many of these antimicrobial molecules are toxic to host cells and can destroy host tissues. Thus, neutrophil activation and turnover are highly regulated processes. To that end, aged neutrophils undergo apoptosis constitutively, a process that contains antimicrobial function and proinflammatory capacity. Importantly, apoptosis facilitates nonphlogistic turnover of neutrophils and removal by macrophages. This homeostatic process is altered by interaction with microbes and their products, as well as host proinflammatory molecules. Microbial pathogens can delay neutrophil apoptosis, accelerate apoptosis following phagocytosis, or cause neutrophil cytolysis. Here, we review these processes and provide perspective on recent studies that have potential to impact this paradigm.
Oncological results in women with wound complications following mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Cui Wenting , Xie Yiqun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe performed a meta‐analysis to evaluate the oncological results in women with wound complications following mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction. A systematic literature search up to August 2022 was performed and 1618 subjects with mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction at the baseline of the studies; 443 of them were with wound complications, and 1175 were with no wound complications as a control. Odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the oncological results in women with wound complications following mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction using dichotomous or contentious methods with a random or fixed‐effect model. The wound complications had a significantly longer length of time to adjuvant therapy (MD, 9.44; 95% CI, 4.07–14.82, P < .001) compared with no wound complications in subjects with mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction. However, no significant difference was found between wound complications and no wound complications in subjects with mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction in breast cancer recurrence (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 0.95–4.06, P = .07), death rates (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 0.89–4.27, P = .09), and kind of immediate breast reconstruction (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.53–1.92, P = .98). The wound complications had a significantly longer length of time to adjuvant, however, no significant difference was found in breast cancer recurrence, death rates, and kind of immediate breast reconstruction. The analysis of outcomes should be done with caution even though no low sample size was found in the meta‐analysis but a low number of studies was found in certain comparisons.
Willingness to pay, familiarity and political attitudes: The case of integrating people with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Tavor Tchai , Akirav Osnat 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundIntegrating people with intellectual disabilities into the community has become a major goal in improving society in general. Our study adds an important layer to discussions of how to achieve this goal.MethodWe examine both the willingness to integrate people into the community and their willingness to pay for this integration. Using a representative sample of 813 Israeli respondents, we consider two factors in these attitudes: familiarity with the issue and people's political attitudes.ResultsWe found that most people are willing to integrate people with intellectual disabilities into the community and some people are willing to pay for this integration. Those who are familiar with people with intellectual disabilities and those from the left side of the political map are more willing to pay to achieve this goal.ConclusionsFamiliarity and political attitudes matter in the willingness to pay to integrate people with intellectual disabilities into the community.
Conventional and intermittent drying modeling of agricultural products: A review
Authors: Raimundini Aranha Ana Caroline , Defendi Rafael Oliveira , Jorge Luiz Mario de Matos 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to present a discussion about recent technologies applied to processes involving intermittent drying of agricultural products, in addition to verifying the adjustment of mathematical models, both for conventional and intermittent drying, based on recent research in the literature. It was found that new mathematical models are being studied to describe the drying kinetics, one of which is the generalized Lewis model. Regarding intermittent drying, mathematical models are generally based on mass and energy balances. Furthermore, to obtain the mathematical modeling of intermittent drying for intermittent products, some researchers employ the effective diffusivity technique to describe all possible mechanisms of moisture movement, being estimated by Fick's second law of diffusion. Energy savings were also analyzed for different raw materials, ranging from 6% to 75%. It has been shown that the tempering time, and the conditions of the samples under study, affect energy consumption.
Can corruption encourage clean technology transfer?
Authors: Ko Chiu Yu , Shen Bo , Zhang Xuyao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe study the impact of environmental regulation on the transfer of a clean technology where bureaucrats are needed for government intervention. In the absence of corruption, when environmental taxes are low, a technology transfer always takes place and it increases total outputs, but may lead to higher pollution levels. However, when corruption is possible, a firm with a dirty technology may choose to bribe a corruptible bureaucrat who will underreport the actual level of emissions, thereby hindering the transfer of clean technology. We show that a less strict anticorruption policy may lead to more bribing, but encourage technology transfers. Moreover, an environment‐oriented government would set a deterrent environmental tax to reduce pollution, while an output‐oriented government would set a minimum tax rate to eliminate corruption and induce technology transfers. However, a balanced government would tolerate corruption when the cost of bribing is low and the clean technology is sufficiently efficient.
HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis awareness, practices, and comfort among urban and rural family medicine physicians
Authors: Owens Christopher 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeHIV rates are increasing in rural areas, and adolescents are disproportionately affected. HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a daily pill that is effective at preventing HIV; however, PrEP uptake among adolescents is low. PrEP is dependent on primary care providers (PCPs) prescribing it, but research has overwhelmingly sampled urban PCPs. This study compared the PrEP awareness, practices, and comfort between rural and urban family medicine physicians.MethodsA total of 256 family medicine physicians in the United States were recruited from a Qualtrics panel to complete an online cross‐sectional survey between July 15 and August 9, 2022. Participants completed items assessing their demographic characteristics and PrEP awareness, practices, and comfort. A chi‐square test of independence and multiple logistic regression were used to determine rural/urban differences.FindingsRural family medicine physicians were less comfortable than urban family medicine physicians in providing sexual risk reduction counseling to adolescents, telling an adolescent patient their HIV test result was HIV positive, and implementing all of the PrEP clinical activities for adolescents.ConclusionsEducation, skill‐building, and collaborative partnership interventions could improve the comfort levels of rural family medicine physicians in implementing the PrEP guidelines for their adolescent patients. Future research is needed to understand the factors that explain the differences in PrEP‐related attitudes and practices between urban and rural family medicine physicians. Results from such studies could inform provider‐based interventions that ultimately increase PrEP use and decrease HIV rates among rural adolescents.
Whole and cortical kidney volume predict 5‐year post‐nephrectomy eGFR in Indian living kidney donors
Authors: Chanda Reettika , Singh Shweta , Eapen Anu , David Vinoi George , Mukha Rajiv Paul , Pandian Rajadoss Muthukrishna , Antonisamy Belavendra , Deborah Mercy Nahomi , Eapen Jeethu Joseph , Thomas Athul , John Elenjickal Elias , Yusuf Sabina , Alexander Suceena , Varughese Santosh , Valson Anna T. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimTo study the additional utility of pre‐nephrectomy whole and cortical kidney volumes (WKV, CKV) in predicting long‐term post‐nephrectomy kidney function in Indian living kidney donors (LKDs).MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included all LKDs who underwent nephrectomy between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2015 at our centre, had pre‐nephrectomy height, weight and computed tomography (CT) angiography with arterial and nephrographic phase documented, and 5‐year post‐nephrectomy creatinine values measured. Correlation between body surface area (BSA) adjusted pre‐nephrectomy total CKV, WKV and pre‐nephrectomy CKD EPI eGFR; BSA‐adjusted remnant pre‐nephrectomy CKV (rCKV), WKV (rWKV) and 5‐year post‐nephrectomy CKD EPI creatinine eGFR (5yeGFRCr); predictors of 5yeGFRCr < 70% of pre‐nephrectomy CKD EPI creatinine eGFR (pre‐eGFRCr), and an equation to predict 5yeGFRCr from pre‐nephrectomy variables were calculated.ResultsA total of 196 LKDs (74% female, mean age 41.7 ± 11.0 years) were included in the study. Total WKV showed higher correlation with pre‐nephrectomy eGFR than CKV, the highest with CKD EPI cystatin eGFR. Remnant WKV showed higher correlation than rCKV with post‐nephrectomy eGFRCr and this increased over time. Older age, lower rWKV or rCKV, higher BSA, and higher pre‐eGFRCr identified LKDs with 5yeGFRCr < 70% of pre‐eGFRCr, with rCKV identifying a higher proportion (4.5%) of such LKDs. A model including rWKV or rCKV predicted 5yeGFRCr better than one including age, gender, BSA and pre‐eGFRCr alone.ConclusionInclusion of pre‐nephrectomy remnant CKV and WKV into models for 5yeGFRCr and sub‐optimal post‐nephrectomy adaptation in Indian LKDs improves their accuracy. CKD EPI cystatin eGFR correlates better with functional renal mass.
SlRIP1b is a global organellar RNA editing factor, required for normal fruit development in tomato plants
Authors: Li Jinyan , Wang Keru , Yang Yongfang , Lu Yao , Cui Kaicheng , Ji Yajing , Ma Liqun , Cheng Ke , Ostersetzer‐Biran Oren , Li Feng , Qu Guiqin , Zhu Benzhong , Fu Daqi , Luo Yunbo , Zhu Hongliang 
Published: November 2022

Summary

RNA editing in plant organelles involves numerous C‐U conversions, which often restore evolutionarily conserved codons and may generate new translation initiation and termination codons. These RNA maturation events rely on a subset of nuclear‐encoded protein cofactors. Here, we provide evidence of the role of SlRIP1b on RNA editing of mitochondrial transcripts in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants.

SlRIP1b is a RIP/MORF protein that was originally identified as an interacting partner of the organellar editing factor SlORRM4. Mutants of SlRIP1b, obtained by CRISPR/Cas9 strategy, exhibited abnormal carpel development and grew into fruit with more locules.

RNA‐sequencing revealed that SlRIP1b affects the C‐U editing of numerous mitochondrial pre‐RNA transcripts and in particular altered RNA editing of various cytochrome c maturation (CCM)‐related genes. The slrip1b mutants display increased H2O2 and aberrant mitochondrial morphologies, which are associated with defects in cytochrome c biosynthesis and assembly of respiratory complex III.

Taken together, our results indicate that SlRIP1b is a global editing factor that plays a key role in CCM and oxidative phosphorylation system biogenesis during fruit development in tomato plants. These data provide important insights into the molecular roles of organellar RNA editing factors during fruit development.
Regulatory role of atrial natriuretic peptide in brown adipose tissue: A narrative review
Authors: Lu Guanhua , Hu Ruixiang , Tao Tian , Hu Min , Dong Zhiyong , Wang Cunchuan 
Published: November 2022

SummaryAtrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) has been considered to exert an essential role as a cardiac secretory hormone in the regulation of hemodynamic homeostasis. As the research progresses, the role of ANP in the crosstalk between heart and lipid metabolism has become an interesting topic that is attracting the interest of researchers. The regulation of ANP in lipid metabolism shows favorable effects, particularly the activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT). The complex regulatory network of ANP on BAT has not been fully outlined. This narrative review critically evaluated the existing literature on the regulatory effects of ANP on BAT. In general, we have summarized the expression of ANP and its receptors in various human tissues, analyzed the progress of research on the relationship between the ANP and BAT, and described several potential pathways of ANP to BAT. Exogenous ANP, natriuretic peptide receptor C (NPRC) deficiency, cold exposure, bariatric surgery, and cardiac or renal insufficiency could all contribute to BAT expression by increasing circulating ANP levels.
Periodontitis severity relationship with metabolic syndrome: A systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: Rosário‐dos‐Santos Heloísa Laís , Miranda Samilly Silva , Gomes‐Filho Isaac Suzart , Cruz Simone Seixas da , Figueiredo Ana Claudia Morais Godoy , Souza Elivan Silva , Hintz Alexandre Marcelo , Loomer Peter Michael , Passos‐Soares Johelle de Santana 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the association between periodontitis severity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) through systematic review, registered in PROSPERO: CRD42021232120. Selected articles were independently chosen by three reviewers from six databases, including using article reference lists, up until March 2022. Eligible studies were observational, without language limitation, and in subjects aged at least 18 years. The methodological quality of selected studies was assessed using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale. Random effects models calculated summary measurements (odds ratio‐OR, 95% confidence interval, 95%CI). The I2 test evaluated the statistical heterogeneity of the data. Sensitivity, subgroup, and meta‐regression analyses were performed. For the reliability of evidence, the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations tool was used. A total of 2133 records were identified, and 14 studies were included comprising 24,567 participants. The summary odds ratio showed a positive association between individuals with moderate (ORadjusted = 1.26; 95%CI = 2.10–5.37; I2 = 45.85%), and severe periodontitis (ORadjusted = 1.50; 95%CI:1.28–1.71; I2 = 56.46%), and MetS. Subgroup and meta‐regression analyses showed that study effect size was influenced by year of publication, study design, and MetS diagnostic criteria, contributing to inter‐study variability. The findings showed that moderate and severe levels of periodontitis are associated with MetS, suggesting a possible dose–response effect.
Diketopyrrolopyrrole Derivatives as Photosensitizing Agents against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Pérez María E. , Almodovar Vitor A. S. , Durantini Javier E. , Gsponer Natalia S. , Durantini Andrés M. , Tomé Augusto C. , Durantini Edgardo N. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDiketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) derivatives containing sulfonamide (Sulfonamide‐DPP), pyridyl (Dipyridyl‐DPP) and N‐methylpyridyl (MePyridyl‐DPP) substituents were assessed as antibacterial photosensitizers. Non‐charged DPPs showed an intense absorption band centered at about 480 nm and green fluorescence emission (ΦF ~ 0.7) in acetonitrile. The absorption of MePyridyl‐DPP was bathochromically shifted at 510 nm, with decreased fluorescence emission. Sulfonamide‐DPP and Dipyridyl‐DPP photosensitized the formation of O2(1Δg) (ΦΔ ~ 0.15–0.17), while the production induced by MePyridyl‐DPP was at least 10 times lower. Furthermore, these DPPs produced a photoreduction of NBT similar to that of the control. Photodynamic inactivation induced by DPPs was first investigated at the single‐bacterium level of Staphylococcus aureus attached to a surface. After 30 min irradiation, MePyridyl‐DPP produced a complete eradication of the bacteria. In bacterial cell suspensions, dicationic DPP induced more than 7 log10 decrease in S. aureus cell survival after 30 min irradiation. Potentiation with iodide anions allowed a complete elimination of bacteria after 15 min therapy. This compound was also effective to eliminate S. aureus cells on biofilms. The results show that MePyridyl‐DPP bearing two positive groups provides an amphiphilic character to the structure that improves the interaction with the cell envelop. This effect enhances the photocytotoxic activity of MePyridyl‐DPP against bacteria.
Reluctant State Agents: Schoolteachers and Governing Authorities in Post‐Coup Honduras
Authors: Levy Jordan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article examines how teachers in post‐coup Honduras reluctantly complied with legislation with which they disagreed. New laws passed after the June 2009 military coup decentralized and privatized government funding by requiring that teachers solicit money for school infrastructure projects from municipal governments and private companies instead of from the Ministry of Education. This article demonstrates how teachers drew on their situated knowledge of state procedures and reluctantly engaged in clientelist relations with coup‐supporting politicians, who most teachers despised given their own involvement in the anti‐coup resistance movement. Anthropologists and others often emphasize the “top‐down” nature of how neoliberalism gets imposed and how state policies get implemented. In the case of public education policies in post‐coup Honduras, however, the same individuals responsible for implementing neoliberal legislation also actively protested against neoliberalism and the patronage of rich politicians in general. The analysis of teachers’ simultaneous critique of and engagement with clientelism is illuminative of how state agents in other contexts may end up implementing legislation with which they disagree. While not denying the global scope of neoliberal policies, this article advances scholarly knowledge of how frontline state agents implement state policies.
Direct transfer of a single frozen–thawed in vitro‐produced embryo to avoid twin pregnancy in dairy cows
Authors: López‐Gatius Fernando , Palacín‐Chauri Roger J. , Garcia‐Ispierto Irina 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFertility of cow receiving fixed‐time artificial insemination (FTAI) was compared with cow in which a single frozen–thawed in vitro‐produced (IVP) embryo was fixed‐time transferred (FTET) to avoid twin pregnancy. The study population was comprised of 596 lactating dairy cows synchronized for oestrus: 440 were fixed‐time inseminated (AI cows), and 156 were given GnRH treatment at the time of embryo transfer (ET cows) 8 days post‐oestrus. Of the 596 cows, 235 (39.4%) became pregnant: 175 (39.8%) AI cows and 60 (39.8%) ET cows. Twin pregnancy was recorded in 16% of the AI pregnant cows (28/175), whereas no ET cows had twins (0/60). Significant interaction (p < .01) was observed between breeding technique (FTAI vs FTET) and repeat (RB) or not repeat breeding (NRB) for the likelihood of pregnancy. This meant that using RB AI cows as reference, the odds ratio for pregnancy in RB ET cows was 2.2 (p = .04). In conclusion, transfer of a frozen IVP embryo proved useful to prevent the risk of twin pregnancy without affecting fertility.
Quercetin: Putative effects on the function of cryopreserved sperms in domestic animals
Authors: Abdelnour Sameh A. , Sindi Ramya A. , Abd El‐Hack Mohamed E. , Khalifa Norhan E. , Khafaga Asmaa F. , Noreldin Ahmed E. , Samir Haney , Tufarelli Vincenzo , Losacco Caterina , Gamal Mohammed , Imam Mohamed S. , Swelum Ayman A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractQuercetin is one of the most used antioxidant flavonoids and largely exists in many fruits and vegetables because of its capability to scavenge the free reactive oxygen species (ROSs) by repressing lipid peroxy radical fusion, metal ion chelating through enzyme inhibition, and adopting the repair mechanisms. It also exhibits various biological actions, including antioxidative, anti‐inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. Furthermore, it contributes well to sustaining the endogenous cellular antioxidant defence system. The process of cryopreservation is associated with increased oxidative stress, and some steps are potential sources of ROSs, including the method of semen collection, handling, cryopreservation culture media, and thawing, which result in impaired sperm function. Several antioxidants have been proposed to counteract the harmful impact of ROS during semen cryopreservation. The antioxidant capability of quercetin has been verified in different animal species for providing valuable defence to sperm during the cryopreservation process. The beneficial properties of quercetin on various parameters of fresh and post‐thaw sperm in different species are clarified in this review. More in‐depth investigations are required to clarify quercetin's mechanism of action in different animal species.