bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Some factors affecting on the severity of Acute Psychoses in Alcohol Withdrawal
Authors: Kuzminov V. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAlcohol withdrawal delirium is severe complication of alcohol withdrawal leading to high mortality. Early identification of severe course of psychosis and complications threatening the patient’s life is the most important problem in the treatment of these patients.ObjectivesUnder supervision were 690 men, dependent on alcohol, in the state of withdrawal with acute psychotic disorder (primary hospitalization in the framework of this study); the average age - (39,9 ± 3,4 years), the average age of alcohol abuse - (9,7 ± 1, 1 years). The patients were examined in a dynamics after a re-hospitalization after 5-7 years. This allowed us to verify the differential diagnostic approach to acute psychotic disorders in a state of abandonment, to investigate the impact of chronic acute psychotic disorders on the course of alcohol dependence, including the formation of deficits.Methodsclinical, clinical and psychopathological, methods of quantified scales and mathematical statistics.ResultsThere were estimated factors influencing the severity of alcohol withdrawal with delirium: total amount of alcohol consumed per week, drunken alcoholics, persistent alcohol abuse, social disadaptation, cognitive impairment, psychological disorders, reducing the quality of alcohol consumed, food pattern characterized total calorie mostly due to alcohol, life trajectory, severe or chronic somatic diseases, rate of progression of alcohol dependence.ConclusionsThe severity of acute psychotic disorder in the state of alcohol withdrawal mostly depended situational factors such as the number of days of severe drinking before a psychotic disorder, the pattern of nutrition, the quality and quantity of alcohol consumed, the presence of acute somatic diseases.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Quetiapine Addiction: A Case Report
Authors: Chaara A. , Sabir M. , El Omari F. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionQuetiapine has been the subject of case reports documenting its abuse. In Morocco, no study has been done showing the prevalence of this misuse. The methods of administration are diverse: oral or nasal, injection, inhalation, consumption with cannabis (smoked) or alcohol, combination with other drugs. The abuse is associated in 75% of cases with another product.ObjectivesThe objective of this work is to describe the management of quetiapine dependence, through a clinical vignette.MethodsThrough a clinical vignette, and by reviewing the literature, we will describe the management of quetiapine addiction.ResultsTreatment consists of reducing the consumption of this substance until stopping. When possible, it is recommended to change this antipsychotic to another with low abuse potential and low antihistamine properties such as haloperidol, risperidone or aripiprazole. If, however, this solution was inapplicable, then limit the quantity of tablets by prescribing smaller amounts of antipsychotics and increase the frequency of visits.Cope and relieve:Sometimes other medicines can be used to relieve potential withdrawal symptoms, including benzodiazepines or hypnotics to manage insomnia.Warnings :Ideally, the drug should be reduced gradually with a gradual and planned decrease in the dose taken over the months.There should also be periodic evaluations.Long term treatment:Management must be biopsychosocial.Treating comorbidities is a fundamental step in preventing relapse.ConclusionsIt is a “prescription” use disorder! Each prescription should be carefully weighed and time bound. It seems important to be vigilant with regard to the dosages administered and the treatment regimens offered to the patients.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Opioid withdrawal delirium without convulsions: A Rare Case report
Authors: Singh D.S. , Paul S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionOpioid withdrawal symptoms classically include severe muscle cramps, bone aches, autonomic symptoms, anxiety. Patients seldom have other complications like delirium and convulsions unless they have comorbid medical illnesses.ObjectivesWe hereby report a case of opioid withdrawal delirium.MethodsA 20-year-old man with dependence for opiods and nicotine was admitted after compete history and mental status and physical examination, last intake for both substances 2 days back. There was no history of fever, head injury, siezures and other substance use. All investigations done were normal and urine drug screen was negative for other substances. Treatment was started with clonidine and quetiapine for sleep and Nsaids on prn basis. After 2 days there was hallucinatory behaviour, agitation, fleeting episodes of recognising family members, hearing voices and decreased sleep observed. Patient required sedation with 10 mg of lorazepam and haloperidol before he went to sleep.Later on lorazepam 8 mg in divided doses and clonidine was tapered off gradually and patient as discharged on naltrexone 50mg.ResultsIn our case we could not find any other reason for delirium.These complications are rare feature of delirium, parker et all reported 5 such cases. One of limitations was we didnt do blood alcohol levels which could have ruled out alcohol use.ConclusionsThis case is unique in terms of presenting with delirium without convulsions after 4 days of abstinence. No associated comorbidities, organic causes, and other substance use in dependence pattern or recently used. Use of a street variety (mixed with impurities) could be a risk factor for delirium in our patient.Psychiatrist need to be aware of complication.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
“Might relapse today” - The categorization of discussions in the r/benzorecovery subreddit
Authors: Friberg Von Sydow R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe social media platform Reddit is a contemporary context where we have an opportunity to identify problems experienced by people regarding different aspects of life. The platform is virtually anonymous which might make users discuss their problems more freely. Reddit is divided in subreddits where different subjects are discussed and the discussions are controlled by creators and moderators. I have identified a quite active subreddit targeted towards recovering addicts of benzodiazepines; r/benzorecovery.Objectives* To analyze strategies of recovery in user narrative * To identify techniques commonly used and the how they are described * To construct metadata in order to assess how frequent the discussion of a different techniques areMethodsTechnically, what is done in this study, is adding mark-up metadata to different discussion. A rudimentary form of analysis suitable with a larger digital corpus where content metadata is added (Gilliland Swetland 2000). The metadata is constructed through a hermeneutical method in which the researcher analyses the subreddit.ResultsAnswering question like: Example: DIY-tapering; different ways to limit drug use by using less. 1) how common are discussion of taperings in relation to other subjects? 2) Is tapering commonly discussed together with other subjects and techniques?ConclusionsUsing a method of categorization and metadata mark-up we could gain a good understanding of the problems among recovering benzodiazepine addicts. We will also have the possibility to identify concepts that addicts themselves discuss and relate these to professional concepts thus creating better possibilities of communication between professionals and clients.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Gambling disorder and suicidal behavior : A case report :
Authors: Abassi B. , Khelifa E. , Maatouk O. , Ben Aissa S. , Bouguerraa I. , Mnif L. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionGambling disorder involves repeated problematic gambling behavior that causes significant problems or distress. It is also called gambling addiction or compulsive gambling.In Tunisia, a muslum country, gambling is prohibited and casinos are non-existent or only for tourists with foreign currency. Lately, with the spread of casinos online and sites of sports betting, gambling’s become problematic in Tunisia. People accumulated huge debts with feelings of shame and guilt leading to suicidal attempts.ObjectivesStudying the link between gambling disorder and suicidal attempts and comparing the different preventive measures proposed for online gambling.Methodsa case of a patient with gambling disorder that was hospitalized in a psychiatric hospital for a suicidal attempt by stabbing himself and a review of a literature.ResultsMr R.A was a 42-year-old man with no family nor personal psychiatric history. He has no history of a particular substance use disorder. He was married and a father of two children and has a regular job.A year ago, he stated gambling on internet sites using his phone cell and, in several months, he lost a lot of money and accumulated debts.Lately he committed two attempts of suicide. The first one was by swallowing rat poison. The second one was a month later, by stabbing himself with a knife that caused evisceration and required surgery then an hospitalization in a psychiatric unit.ConclusionsThere’s evidence that GD and SB are associated, although there’s disagreement about the nature of this association. Adequate preventive measures should be considered by governmentsDisclosureNo significant relationships.
Comorbidities in children with Internet Addiction Disorder (IAD)
Authors: Nadiradze T. , Bakhtadze S. , Khachapuridze N. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionInternet addiction disorder (IAD) is characterized by an individual’s inability to control his/her Internet use, which may result in marked distress and functional impairment. Systematic reviews show that excessive screen-time is negatively associated with well-being and positively associated with reduced quality of life in young people. There is growing evidence that IAD is related to comorbidities such as depression but relatively little is known about fatigue in adolescents with IAD.ObjectivesAccumulating evidence suggests that fatigue is a central component of IAD. Depression is also related to IAD. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding whether there is a strong correlation between the severity of IAD and the rate of depression. Our objectives were to describe depression and fatigue in adolescents diagnosed with IAD.MethodsStudy included 94 participants with IAD and 88 controls, all aged 12–17 years. Depression was assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory Scale (Georgian version), and fatigue by the Pediatric Quality of Life Initiative (Georgian version) multidimensional fatigue scale.ResultsAdolescents with severe IAD are 5.63 times more likely to show symptoms of moderate or severe depression than children with mild or moderate Internet addiction. Those with severe IAD showed 6.62 times more cognitive fatigue, 7.81 times higher sleep/rest fatigue and 11.11 times higher general fatigue than children with mild and moderate Internet addiction.ConclusionsIAD can lead to depression and fatigue, which can affect adolescent’s psychological and social well-being. Mechanisms for prevention and ongoing support are needed for adolescents and their families.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Overlap between substance and behavioural addictions: substance abuse in patients with pathological gambling
Authors: Cunha E Costa N. , Cruz S. , Sobreira G. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPathological gambling consists of a persistent and maladaptive pattern of gambling behavior, that often leads to significant adverse psychosocial and financial outcomes. It is currently classified as an “Impulse Disorder” on ICD-10 but the DSM-5 moved this diagnosis from “Impulse-Control Disorders” to “Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders” section[1]. Behavioral addictions, especially pathological gambling, share many features with substance dependences, namely clinical findings and behavioural patterns, comorbidity with psychiatric disorders, genetic factors and family history, neurobiology, natural history and response to treatment[2].ObjectivesTo study the impact of substance abuse in patients with pathological gambling.MethodsLiterary review, using PubMed database search, regarding substance abuse and pathological gambling.Results57,5% of individuals with pathological gambling also present with some form of substance use[3].There was also a large percentage of patients presenting with nicotine dependence (60,1%) and a fourfold increase in the risk of developing an alcohol use disorder[3]. Individuals with substance use disorders also show a threefold risk of developing pathological gambling and substance use appears to negatively influence gambling behaviours in this population. Gambling habits in adolescents have been linked to an increased risk of current and lifetime drug use of multiple substances[4]. Other psychiatric comorbidities were also frequent in this population: 37.9% of patients presented with mood disorders and 37.4% with anxiety disorders[3].ConclusionsThere is a significant clinical and neurobiological overlap between substance use disorders and pathological gambling. Individuals with pathological gambling have a high prevalence of substance use disorders and an increased lifetime risk of substance use, which negatively influences gambling behavior.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Neuropsychological performance in alcohol use disorder: a Portuguese study
Authors: Faria I. , Silva C. , Sola F. , Ramos K. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAlcohol consumption has devastating psychosocial and health consequences, with effects on cognitive functions. Recent studies have highlighted that patients with diagnosis of alcohol dependence syndrome have cognitive deficits in executive function, visuospatial ability, attention, procedural memory, verbal fluency and processing speed.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to characterize the sociodemographic and clinical patterns of the study sample and the cognitive deterioration severity and type.MethodsA retrospective observational study was conducted with patients who had alcohol use disorder diagnosis at Dual Pathology Outpatient and Inpatient Unity, Psychiatry Department, at Coimbra Hospital and University Center, Portugal. Patients were admitted from 1/1/2016 and 30/09/2021, and submitted at neuropsychological structured evaluation. From the initial sample, major neurocognitive disorder, intellectual development disorder, cerebrovascular accident, traumatic brain injury and neurosurgery were excluded.ResultsThe results show significant cognitive impairment in executive function, memory, verbal fluency and visuospatial ability.ConclusionsOur results support the hypothesis of widespread impairment resulting from alcohol consumption. Cognitive impairment can limit the psychotherapeutic intervention, the adherence to pharmacological therapy and abstinence maintenance. The sheer presence of alcohol use disorder should encourage a neuropsychological evaluation. Further studies are needed in this area to prevent and outline an early intervention.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Association between Mood Disorders, Problematic Internet Use and Online Gambling Addiction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Marimón Muñoz E. , Miranda Ruiz E. , Stoppa Montserrat A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionNew technologies have become widespread in the last decades, becoming an essential tool for today’s population. However, due to the increase in its use, multiple problems have surfaced at a psychopathological level.ObjectivesThe main goal of this study is to review, in an updated manner, the existing bibliography on the problematic use of the Internet and online gambling in the adult population and its relationship with Mood Disorders, exploring beyond Major Depressive Disorders so as to include Bipolar Disorders.MethodsA search was carried out in Medline, Tripdatabase and in the Virtual Health Library. We use the terms “Bipolar Disorder”, “Mood Disorders”; “Depressive disorders”; “Comorbidity”; “Problematic Internet use” and “Internet Gaming disorder”. Narrowing the search to the last 4 years and obtaining a total of 14 articles, of which only 10 were included after a thorough review.ResultsA significant association was found between internet addiction in its different forms (Smartphone, Social Networks, Internet in general and IGD and MDD. A neuroanatomical correlation between Internet Gaming Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder was also established. A heterogeneity of criteria for addiction evaluation was observed. However, little information was found regarding the association between the addictive disorders and Bipolar Disorder.ConclusionsThe correlation between the behavioral addiction forms previously mentioned and bipolar disorder must be further studied. There is a clear association between internet addiction and major depressive disorder. The established neuroanatomical correlation promotes the study of the applicability of brain stimulation techniques as a potential treatment for this type of pathology.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Impact of interpersonal relationships and acquired capability for suicide on suicide attempts: An observational study
Authors: Shim S.H. , Yang J.C. , Hahn S.W. , Kim J.S. , Yoon S.H. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicide (IPTS) specifically predicts that acquired capability, perceived burdensomeness, and low belongingness are collectively necessary and sufficient proximal causes of serious suicidal behavior. Although the interpersonal theory of suicide is clinically reliable, most previous studies have been conducted on clinical groups including suicidal ideators with no suicide attempters or including only a few suicide attemptersObjectivesThis study aims to investigate interpersonal needs and acquired capability for suicide through questionnaire surveys following suicide attempts in people admitted to hospitals for medical treatment.MethodsA total of 344 participants (200 depressed patients with attempted suicide, 144 depressed patients with suicidal ideation) were enrolled for this study. Depression, anxiety, emotional regulation, interpersonal needs, and acquired capability for suicide were evaluated. A model with pathways from emotional regulation difficulties and interpersonal needs to suicide attempts was proposed. Participants were divided into two groups according to the presence of suicide attempts or suicidal ideation.ResultsAcquired capability for suicide mediated the path from depression to suicide attempts. In the path model, difficulties in emotional regulation and interpersonal needs predicted depression significantly. Although depression itself was not significantly related to acquired capability for suicide, depression was significantly related to acquired capability for suicide in suicide attempter group.ConclusionsInterventions with two factors affecting suicide attempts will clarify the suicide risk and contribute to finding risk factors. It will also help reduce suicide rates through interventions in the processes leading to suicide attempts by identifying variables to predict the attempts through the path to suicide attempts.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The association between self-esteem and suicidal risk: a meta-analysis
Authors: Lippo F. , Madeddu F. , Fornaro M. , Calati R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionBackground: Existing evidence poses low self-esteem as a risk factor for both suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempts (SAs) in the general population.ObjectivesThe present study assesses the relationship between self-esteem level and SI/SA, considering across the lifespan. Two separate meta-analyses, one for SI and the other for SA are herein reported since they substantially overlap in terms of eligibility procedures and search strategies.MethodsEligible studies documented at least one suicidal, and a non-suicidal group. Data were analyzed using the Cochrane Collaboration Review Manager Software (RevMan, version 5.4.1) under the random-effects models. Values were standardized owing to the anticipated heterogeneity of self-esteem rating tools. Sensitivity analyses were performed to control for heterogeneity.ResultsOut of 3,310 initial hits, 24 studies were deemed eligible for inclusion. The meta-analyses showed that individuals with lower levels of self-esteem, compared to those with higher levels, were more likely to endorse both SI and SA. SI reached a standardized mean difference of -0.43 (CI: -0.81, -0.05), while SA reduced by -0.89 (CI: -1.02, -0.76), overall. Limitations: The herein presented results rely on standardized mean differences rather than odds of either SI or SA since the original studies failed to systematically fetch rates of the events.ConclusionsLower levels of self-esteem represent a risk factor for both SI and SA across the lifespan. Forthcoming studies should systematically account for multiple moderators to allow meta-analytic synthesis including sub-group and meta-regression analyses assuming high-heterogeneity would still be concerned.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The role of the dark triad and the experience of violence in the creation and dissemination of self-destructive online content by adolescents and youth
Authors: Soldatova G. , Lyukhina S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionResearch in recent years has raised an important question about the role of the Internet in the self-injurious and suicidal behavior of adolescents and youth.ObjectivesThe aim of this work is to study the role of the experience of violence in real life and the dark triad in the creation and dissemination of self-destructive content among adolescents and youth.Methods827 Russian students aged 15-25 (59% female) сompleted the questionnaire and the “Dirty Dozen” (Kornilova, et al., 2015).ResultsTwo-thirds of respondents have seen self-harm (72%) and suicidal (66%) content. Every seventh respondent (14%) is at risk, because he creates, approves with likes or disseminates self-destructive content among peers. Respondents at risk are more likely to have experienced physical (χ2=9.8, p<0.01), psychological (χ2=4.36, p<0.05) and sexualized (χ2=7.44, p<0.01) violence. Respondents who have a higher machiavellianism are more likely to approve (F=17.96, p=0.00) and disseminate (F=6.07, p<0.05) self-destructive content, less often using the «report» (F=4.06, p<0.05). Adolescents who have a higher psychopathic are more likely to create (F=7.34, p<0.01), disseminate (F=23.27, p=0.00) and approve (F=23.92, p=0.00) it.ConclusionsSelf-destructive online content is seen by most teens and youth, and every seventh creates, approves and distributes it among peers, being a victim of violence in real life and having potential tendencies towards self-harm or suicidal behavior. Teens and youth with higher machiavellianism and psychopathy can create and disseminate self-destructive content due to their own psychological problems, but also potentially involve others. Research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Fundamental Research, project 20-013-00857.DisclosureResearch was supported by the Russian Foundation for Fundamental Research, project 20-013-00857.