bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GEÇİCİLİKTEN KALICILIĞA SURİYELİ GÖÇMENLER VE UYUM SORUNU
Authors: KESGİN Bedrettin 
Published: February 2022

Yakın tarihte Suriyeli göçü kadar kısa sürede ve kitlesel bir göç olayı yaşanmamıştır. Aynı zamanda Suriyeli göçü etkileri itibariyle önemli siyasal, sosyal ve ekonomik sonuçlara yol açmıştır. Dünya devletlerini ve toplumlarını derinden etkileyen bu göç tartışmalarının kısa sürede bitmesi beklenmemelidir. Ayrıca diğer göçlerle birlikte göçmenlerin oran ve yoğunluk olarak son on yıllarda artış göstermesi de göç ile ilgili kavramların, kurumların ve düzenlemelerin artmasına neden olmaktadır. Suriye iç savaşı akabinde gerçekleşen göç ise bütün bu tartışmalara ivme kazandırmıştır. Suriyeli göçü dünyanın gelişmiş birçok ülkesinde adeta deprem etkisi yapmış, iktidarları yerlerinden etmiş, toplumsal hareketliliğe neden olmuş aynı zamanda müesses nizamı da derinden sarsmıştır. Türkiye ise açık kapı politikasıyla savaştan kaçan Suriyelilere kapılarını açmış, göçün ilk zamanlarından itibaren bunları misafir olarak değerlendirmiştir. Bunun en büyük nedeni Suriyelilerin burada geçici olarak, kısa süreliğine kalacağı varsayımıdır. Oysa Suriyeli sayısı her geçen gün artmış, sayı arttıkça ve zamanla kalıcı olacaklarına olan kanaat geliştikçe bu durum yeni düzenlemeleri, yeni uygulamaları beraberinde getirmiştir.
Yapılan bu çalışmayla Suriye göçünün neden olduğu mevzuat değişikliğinden, kurumsal düzenlemelerden ve uygulamalardan bahsedilecektir. Literatür taraması, analiz ve sentezlerle yapılan bu çalışmayla Suriyeli göçmenlere yönelik düzenlemeler gerilim ve uyum bağlamında tartışılacaktır
Epidemiologia do suicídio em um município pantaneiro: análise temporal entre os anos de 1996 e 2019
Authors: Le Bourlegat Patrick , Almeida Tatiane Gomes de , Ramos Alexandra Oliveira , De Oliveira Xaves Mayara , Xaves Mayara de Oliveira , Silva Maria Eugênia Villarruel da 
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: O presente estudo analisou a tendência temporal da taxa de mortalidade por suicídio entre as faixas etárias, métodos para cometer suicídio, sexo e meses do ano no município de Cáceres no estado de Mato Grosso entre os anos de 1996 a 2019. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo amostral, documental, descritivo, quantitativo, focando nos casos de suicídios ocorridos em Cáceres entre 1996 a 2019. Os dados foram recuperados no site do Departamento de Informação do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), adotando-se a Classificação Internacional de Doenças (CID-10). As comparações foram analisadas estatisticamente utilizando ANOVA com aplicação do teste F, teste de Tukey e teste de Student, utilizando um nível de significância de 5% (p < 0,05). Resultados: Durante os 24 anos analisados (1996-2019) mostraram que ocorreram 145 óbitos em Cáceres, uma média de 6 mortes anualmente. Nos 12 meses do ano no período analisado, os meses de Julho e dezembro apresentaram 18 óbitos cada um, já no mês de novembro cinco mortes. A maior taxa de mortalidade ocorreu entre os idosos (acima de 80 anos) com uma taxa 12,67/100 mil habitantes. O sexo masculino apresentou maior taxa de mortalidade (10,7/100 mil habitantes), sendo até 4 vezes maior que o sexo feminino (2,7/100 mil habitantes). O método mais utilizado para cometer suicídio no período no município de Cáceres foi o enforcamento, correspondendo a 60,9%. Conclusão: Dessa forma, o sexo e a faixa etária que mais comete suicídio são os do sexo masculino e os idosos. Além disso, o método mais utilizado para cometer suicídio foi o enforcamento.
Monitoria para o ensino médico em uma universidade federal na pandemia: uma experiência no módulo de atenção integral à saúde
Authors: Malcher Claudia Marques Santa Rosa , Farias Larissa dos Reis , Santos Izabelly Biase Damasceno dos , Ribeiro Elenilda da Conceição , Miranda Letícia Vitória Garcia , Oliveira Neto Antonio Mendes de , Furtado Marcos Antonio da Silva , Chagas Blenda Desiree Pereira 
Published: February 2022

O ensino médico, em virtude da pandemia, sofreu diversas adaptações de forma rápida para a construção de um ensino on-line. Assim, a realização deste artigo traz o intuito de traçar reflexões para propor pontos de apoio em possíveis lacunas existentes nesse período. Dessa forma, trazemos aqui um relato de experiência pelo olhar de estudantes e da monitoria de Atenção Integral à Saúde acerca do ensino médico e suas contribuições no enfrentamento da pandemia na Universidade Federal do Pará, nos dois anos iniciais do Curso de Medicina. A ferramenta Google Meet e vídeos foram os meios mais utilizados, no cenário emergente da pandemia, em que a monitoria se fez presente, atuando no apoio discente e docente e auxiliando no manejo de ferramentas digitais e na construção da avaliação do processo de aprendizagem. Chamamos atenção para o acompanhamento do ensino médico prestado no período pandêmico que se faz necessário, pois carências teóricas e práticas podem ter ocorrido. Á vista disso, alternativas devem ser implantadas a exemplo da realização de simulações e/ou avaliações de conteúdos retrógrados, a fim de preencher essas possíveis falhas.
Disparate Associations of 24-h Central Aortic and Brachial Cuff Blood Pressure With Hypertension-Mediated Organ Damage and Cardiovascular Risk
Authors: Hu Yueliang , Zhao Jiehui , Wang Qian , Chao Huijuan , Tang Biwen , Cheng Di , Tan Isabella , Butlin Mark , Avolio Alberto , Wang Weiliang , Zuo Junli 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveAim of this study was to evaluate the associations of non-invasive central aortic and peripheral (brachial) blood pressure (BP) for Hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk.MethodsWe evaluated associations of HMOD with 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) of central aortic and peripheral BP indices in patients with primary hypertension and presence of several cardiovascular risk factors. BP measurements were performed by means of a non-invasive automated oscillometric device (Mobil-O-Graph). HMOD was defined as the presence of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) above normal values and/or carotid plaque, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), and/or renal abnormalities as assessed by urine albumin/creatinine ratio above normal values and/or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) &lt;60 ml/min per 1.73 m2.ResultsIn the study cohort of 273 (age 55.2 ± 13.4 years, 71.8% male) patients with primary hypertension, documented HMOD was present in 180 (65.9%), LVH in 70 (25.6%), increased IMT in 129 (47.3%). Fifty-six patients (20.5%) had kidney organ damage (20.5% albuminuria and 2.6% impaired eGFR). When accounting for confounding factors (age, sex, body-mass-index, antihypertensive treatment, smoking, triacylglycerol, statin treatment, glucose, hypoglycemic therapy, or heart rate) only peripheral 24-h pulse pressure (PP) maintained statistical significance with HMOD indices (OR: 1.126, 95% CI: 1.012~1.253; p = 0.029). Using ASCVD risk score as the independent continuous variable in multiple linear regression, 24-h central systolic pressure (SBP) (β = 0.179; 95% CI:0.019~0.387; p = 0.031), daytime central PP (β = 0.114; 95% CI:0.070~0.375; p = 0.005, night-time central SBP (β = 0.411; 95% CI:0.112~0.691; p = 0.007) and night-time PP (β = 0.257; 95% CI:0.165~0.780; p = 0.003) were all positively associated with ASCVD risk.ConclusionsBlood pressure obtained by 24-h ABPM was better correlated with HMOD than office BP. Whilst 24-h peripheral BP showed a stronger association with HMOD than 24-h central BP, the prognostic value of 24-h central BP for the 10-year ASCVD risk was superior to 24-h peripheral BP.
Cardiac Alterations on 3T MRI in Young Adults With Sedentary Lifestyle-Related Risk Factors
Authors: Snel Gert J. H. , van den Boomen Maaike , Hurtado-Ortiz Katia , Slart Riemer H. J. A. , van Deursen Vincent M. , Nguyen Christopher T. , Sosnovik David E. , Dierckx Rudi A. J. O. , Velthuis Birgitta K. , Borra Ronald J. H. , Prakken Niek H. J. 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundYoung adult populations with the sedentary lifestyle-related risk factors overweight, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are growing, and associated cardiac alterations could overlap early findings in non-ischemic cardiomyopathy on cardiovascular MRI. We aimed to investigate cardiac morphology, function, and tissue characteristics for these cardiovascular risk factors.MethodsNon-athletic non-smoking asymptomatic adults aged 18–45 years were prospectively recruited and underwent 3Tesla cardiac MRI. Multivariate linear regression was performed to investigate independent associations of risk factor-related parameters with cardiac MRI values.ResultsWe included 311 adults (age, 32 ± 7 years; men, 49%). Of them, 220 subjects had one or multiple risk factors, while 91 subjects were free of risk factors. For overweight, increased body mass index (per SD = 5.3 kg/m2) was associated with increased left ventricular (LV) mass (+7.3 g), biventricular higher end-diastolic (LV, +8.6 ml), and stroke volumes (SV; +5.0 ml), higher native T1 (+7.3 ms), and lower extracellular volume (ECV, −0.38%), whereas the higher waist-hip ratio was associated with lower biventricular volumes. Regarding hypertension, increased systolic blood pressure (per SD = 14 mmHg) was associated with increased LV mass (+6.9 g), higher LV ejection fraction (EF; +1.0%), and lower ECV (−0.48%), whereas increased diastolic blood pressure was associated with lower LV EF. In T2D, increased HbA1c (per SD = 9.0 mmol/mol) was associated with increased LV mass (+2.2 g), higher right ventricular end-diastolic volume (+3.2 ml), and higher ECV (+0.27%). Increased heart rate was linked with decreased LV mass, lower biventricular volumes, and lower T2 values.ConclusionsYoung asymptomatic adults with overweight, hypertension, and T2D show subclinical alterations in cardiac morphology, function, and tissue characteristics. These alterations should be considered in cardiac MRI-based clinical decision making.
Immunological Subsets Characterization in Newly Diagnosed Relapsing–Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: D’Amico Emanuele , Zanghì Aurora , Parrinello Nunziatina Laura , Romano Alessandra , Palumbo Giuseppe Alberto , Chisari Clara Grazia , Toscano Simona , Raimondo Francesco Di , Zappia Mario , Patti Francesco 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesUsing flow cytometry, we characterized myeloid, B, and T cells in patients recently diagnosed with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) naive to disease-modifying therapies (DMTs).MethodsThis prospective case–control study was conducted in the tertiary MS center of Catania, Italy. Demographic/clinical data and peripheral bloods were collected from 52 naive patients recently diagnosed with RRMS and sex/age-matched healthy controls (HCs) in a 2:1 ratio. We performed flow cytometry on isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells to assess immune cell subsets differences between RMMS patients and HCs. We explored the biomarker potential of cell subsets using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and relative area under the curve (AUC) analyses.ResultsMonocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (Mo-MDSCs CD14+/HLADR−/low) and inflammatory monocytes (CD14+CD16+) displayed higher frequencies in RRMS patients when compared with HCs (p &lt;.05). A lower percentage of B-unswitched memory cells was observed in RRMS patients when compared with HCs (p = .026). T cells had a higher frequency of T-helper CD4+ cells and their subset, CD4+CD161+, in RRMS patients when compared with HCs (p &lt;.001). ROC analyses revealed an AUC &gt;70% for Mo-MDSCs CD14+/HLADR−/low and inflammatory CD14+CD16+, T-helper CD3+CD4+, and T-helper CD4+CD161+.ConclusionsPatients with a recent RRMS diagnosis and naive to DMTs, showed peculiar myeloid, B-, and T-cell immunophenotypes.
Serum-Derived Exosomal miR-140-5p as a Promising Biomarker for Differential Diagnosis of Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis With Viral Encephalitis
Authors: Liu Xiaofeng , Fan Kengna , Lin Qingwen , Tang Minjie , Wang Qi , Huang Er , Zhang Weiqing , Chen Tianbin , Ou Qishui 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundAnti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is the most common type of autoimmune encephalitis. Early recognition and treatment, especially distinguishing from viral encephalitis (VE) in the early stages, are crucial for the outcomes of patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Compared with plasma microRNAs (miRNAs), exosomal miRNAs are more abundant and not easy to degrade. Moreover, exosomes can pass through the blood–brain barrier. This study aimed to explore the clinical value of serum exosomal miRNAs in the differential diagnosis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis with VE.MethodSerum samples from a total of 30 patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis, 30 patients with VE, and 30 cases of control patients hospitalized in the same period were collected. Firstly, the serum exosomes were isolated and identified by transmission electron microscope (TEM), nanoparticle-tracking analyzer (NTA), and Western blot (WB). The expression levels of let-7b and miR-140-5p from serum exosomes were detected by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). At the same time, we also detected complement 3 (C3), complement 4 (C4), and high sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) expression levels in three groups. Finally, we analyzed the difference and diagnostic value of the test results.ResultsIsolated particles showed identical characteristics to the exosomes through TEM, NTA, and WB analyses. Compared with the VE group and control group, the expression of miR-140-5p was significantly upregulated in serum exosomes of the NMDAR group. In contrast, the serum C3 in the NMDAR group was significantly lower than the other two groups. ROC curve analysis showed the area under the curve (AUC) of serum exosomal miR-140-5p and serum C3 was 0.748 (76.67% sensitivity and 73.33% specificity) and 0.724 (76.67% sensitivity and 60% specificity) to distinguish anti-NMDAR encephalitis from VE, respectively. The AUC of serum exosomal miR-140-5p combined with serum C3 was 0.811, the sensitivity was 70.00%, and the specificity was 86.67%.ConclusionSerum exosomal miR-140-5p combined with serum C3 would be a promising marker in the differential diagnosis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis with VE.
mTOR Inhibitors Induce Erythropoietin Resistance in Renal Transplant Recipients
Authors: Jefferies Reece , Puttagunta Harish , Krishnan Anoushka , Irish Ashley , Swaminathan Ramyasuda , Olynyk John K. 
Published: February 2022

AimTo elucidate the role of mTOR inhibitors on iron, hepcidin and erythropoietin-mediated regulation of hemopoiesis in stable renal transplant recipients (RTR).BackgroundImpaired hemopoiesis is common following renal transplantation managed using mTOR inhibitors. The mechanisms responsible are uncertain but include direct effects on iron, hepcidin or erythropoietin-mediated hemopoiesis.MethodsWe conducted a single center prospective case-control study of 26 adult RTR with stable allograft function. RTR received stable mTOR dosing (cases, 11/26 [42%]) or stable tacrolimus dosing (controls, 15/26 [58%]). Baseline demographics, full blood count, renal function, iron studies, hepcidin-25, Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and erythropoietin (EPO) levels were determined.ResultsThere were no differences in age, gender or allograft function. Mean daily sirolimus dose for cases was 1.72 mg, with mean trough level of 8.46 ng/mL. Mean daily tacrolimus dose for controls was 4.3 mg, with mean trough level of 5.8 ng/mL. There were no differences in mean hemoglobin (143 vs. 147 g/L; p = 0.59), MCV (88 vs. 90 fL; p = 0.35), serum ferritin (150 vs. 85.7 μg/L; p = 0.06), transferrin saturation (26 vs. 23.3%; p = 0.46), IL-6 (11 vs. 7.02 pg/ml; p = 0.14) or hepcidin-25 (3.62 vs. 3.26 nM; p = 0.76) between the groups. EPO levels were significantly higher in the group receiving mTOR therapy (16.8 vs. 8.49 IU/L; p = 0.028). On logistic regression analysis EPO level was the only variable that had a significant impact providing an odds ratio of 0.84 (95%CI 0.66–0.98). The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) for the analysis was 0.77 (95%CI 0.54–0.94) with p = 0.04.Conclusion: Higher levels of EPO in the absence of deranged iron biochemistry or hepcidin-25 levels suggest that EPO resistance rather than impaired iron metabolism may contribute to the impaired hemopoiesis previously demonstrated in RTR on mTOR therapy.
Can Cerebral Regional Oxygen Saturation (rSO2) Be Used as an Indicator of the Quality of Chest Compressions in Patients With Cardiopulmonary Arrest? A Study Evaluating the Association Between rSO2 and Mean Arterial Pressure: The PRESS Study
Authors: Kishihara Yuki , Yasuda Hideto , Kashiura Masahiro , Harada Naoshige , Moriya Takashi 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionSudden cardiac arrest causes numerous deaths worldwide. High-quality chest compressions are important for good neurological recovery. Arterial pressure is considered useful to monitor the quality of chest compressions by the American Heart Association. However, arterial pressure catheter might be inconvenient during resuscitation. Conversely, cerebral regional oxygen saturation (rSO2) during resuscitation may be associated with a good neurological prognosis. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the correlation between mean arterial pressure and rSO2 during resuscitation to evaluate rSO2 as an indicator of the quality of chest compressions.Materials and MethodsThis study was a single-center, prospective, observational study. Patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest who were transported to a tertiary care emergency center in Japan between October 2014 and March 2015 were included. The primary outcome was the regression coefficient between mean arterial pressure (MAP) and rSO2. MAP and rSO2 were measured during resuscitation (at hospital arrival [0 min], 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 min), and MAP was measured by using an arterial catheter inserted into the femoral artery. For analysis, we used the higher value of rSO2 obtained from the left and right forehead of the patient measured using a near-infrared spectrometer. Regression coefficients were calculated using the generalized estimating equation with MAP and systolic arterial pressure as response variables and rSO2 as an explanatory variable since MAP and rSO2 were repeatedly measured in the same patient. Since the confounding factors between MAP or systolic arterial pressure and rSO2 were not clear clinically or from previous studies, the generalized estimating equation was analyzed using a univariate analysis.ResultsIn this study, 37 patients were analyzed. The rSO2 and MAP during resuscitation from hospital arrival to 15 min later were expressed as follows: (median [interquartile range, IQR]): rSO2, 29.5 (24.3–38.8)%, and MAP, 36.5 (26–46) mmHg. The regression coefficient (95% CI) of log-rSO2 and log-MAP was 0.42 (0.03–0.81) (p = 0.035).ConclusionThe values of rSO2 and MAP showed a mild but statistically significant association. rSO2 could be used to assess the quality of chest compressions during resuscitation as a non-invasive and simple method.
Neurally Adjusted Ventilatory Assist vs. Conventional Mechanical Ventilation in Adults and Children With Acute Respiratory Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wu Mengfan , Yuan Xueyan , Liu Ling , Yang Yi 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundPatient-ventilator asynchrony is a common problem in mechanical ventilation (MV), resulting in increased complications of MV. Despite there being some pieces of evidence for the efficacy of improving the synchronization of neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA), controversy over its physiological and clinical outcomes remain. Herein, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the relative impact of NAVA or conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) modes on the important outcomes of adults and children with acute respiratory failure (ARF).MethodsQualified studies were searched in PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and additional quality evaluations up to October 5, 2021. The primary outcome was asynchrony index (AI); secondary outcomes contained the duration of MV, intensive care unit (ICU) mortality, the incidence rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia, pH, and Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide in Arterial Blood (PaCO2). A statistical heterogeneity for the outcomes was assessed using the I2 test. A data analysis of outcomes using odds ratio (OR) for ICU mortality and ventilator-associated pneumonia incidence and mean difference (MD) for AI, duration of MV, pH, and PaCO2, with 95% confidence interval (CI), was expressed.ResultsEighteen eligible studies (n = 926 patients) were eventually enrolled. For the primary outcome, NAVA may reduce the AI (MD = −18.31; 95% CI, −24.38 to −12.25; p &lt; 0.001). For the secondary outcomes, the duration of MV in the NAVA mode was 2.64 days lower than other CMVs (MD = −2.64; 95% CI, −4.88 to −0.41; P = 0.02), and NAVA may decrease the ICU mortality (OR =0.60; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.86; P = 0.006). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia, pH, and PaCO2 between NAVA and other MV modes.ConclusionsOur study suggests that NAVA ameliorates the synchronization of patient-ventilator and improves the important clinical outcomes of patients with ARF compared with CMV modes.
Can Technology Abate the Experience of Social Isolation for Those Affected by Dementia?
Authors: Faieta Julie , Faieta Lily , Leblond Jean , Routhier François , Best Krista 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe widespread social isolation measures recently utilized to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 to older adults may have exuded unexpected consequences. Social isolation among older adults is a risk factor for poor health outcomes. Innovative solutions to balancing public safety and health maintenance for those with dementia and their caregivers are needed.MethodsA sample of N = 82 dementia caregivers participated in a web-based survey to investigate their perceptions on (1) changes in personal mental health due to isolation from their loved one, and (2) the perceived need for use of smart mobile device app use in these situations.ResultsThe majority of our sample (87%) reported experiencing negative mental health outcomes beyond those experienced in typical situations. Furthermore, over 70% of caregivers were concerned with the care their loved on received during social isolation. Finally, 67% reported perceived need to use SMD apps in these times of social isolation.ConclusionOur findings provide preliminary insight into troubling consequences occurring when individuals with dementia are socially isolated from their caregivers. An inverse relationship between SMD app use and poor mental health points to the potential for communication technology to lessen the negative impacts of social isolation, when it becomes necessary to public safety.