bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surinamese–Hindustani Same-Sex Love Individuals: Coping with Negative Responses from Parents in a Collectivistic Culture
Authors: Bakboord Carla Alma , Keuzenkamp Saskia , Saharso Sawitri 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHow do people cope with homonegative responses from their family within a collectivistic culture? This study examines Surinamese–Hindustani same-sex love individuals and identifies a gap in the literature about same-sex love (SSL) individuals coping styles in collectivistic cultures. In Surinamese–Hindustani culture the self is interwoven with and inseparable from the family and family honour is considered extremely important. This study is part of larger research project consisting of 49 qualitative interviews conducted from 2013 to 2019 in the Netherlands and Suriname to examine how Surinamese–Hindustani same-sex love individuals experience their sexual identity. Thirty participants experienced negative reactions from their parents while the rest, 19, had not received any negative reaction from their parents when coming out to them for the first time. The focus of this article is on how these 30 participants cope with negative reactions from their parents while coming out to them for the first time. We identified four patterns of coping styles: understanding parents’ negative reactions, conforming to parents’ values of family honour, silent withdrawal, and standing up for one’s own interests. These patterns demonstrate that, contrary to what the scholarly literature on coping in collectivistic cultures claims, SSL individuals in collectivistic cultures do not necessarily solely use emotion-focused coping strategies but use a combination of both problem- and emotion-focused strategies.
Transforming Lignin Biomass to Value: Interplay Between Ligninolytic Enzymes and Lignocellulose Depolymerization
Authors: Ahmad Namra , Aslam Shakira , Hussain Nazim , Bilal Muhammad , Iqbal Hafiz M. N. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Lignin is the main constituent of lignocellulosic biomasses, which have a significant untapped ability to replace ecologically unfavorable and non-renewable fossil fuels. The lignin is broken down by ligninolytic bacteria, which also use a peripheral pathway to transform heterogeneous lignin derivatives into central intermediates like protocatechuate or catechol. By undergoing ring cleavage through the -ketoadipate pathway, these intermediates become metabolites by producing acetyl-CoA for internal product biosynthesis, including the creation of triacylglycerols and polyhydroxyalkanoates. Expanding our understanding of ligninolytic microbial communities, strains, and enzymes through bioprospecting can help us better understand the metabolism of aromatics. The most viable idea for sustainable development is the valorization of lignin into biopolymers as well as other high-value goods. This process is now being used to generate a variety of biopolymers, including polyesters, epoxies, phenol resins, poly (lactic acids), poly hydroxyl alkanoates, and polyurethanes. Furthermore, lignin recalcitrance remained a possible barrier to efficient lignin valorization, prompting several efforts to design high-efficiency bioprocesses to produce specific polymer types as well as other important bioproducts.
Graphical Abstract
Tuning d-spacing of graphene oxide nanofiltration membrane for effective dye/salt separation
Authors: Xing Chao , Liu Chang-Yu , Lai Chao , Zhang Shan-Qing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe interlayer spacing (i.e., d-spacing) plays a crucial role in determining the selectivity and permeability of nanofiltration membranes. A high-throughput directional filtration can be achieved by designing and controlling the d-spacing. In this study, the d-spacing of a graphene oxide (GO) membrane was tuned and fixed to the desired value (approximately 0.79 nm) using a solution of polyethyleneimine (PEI) and GO at a PEI/GO mass ratio of 15:1. The resultant PEI/GO was deposited on a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) substrate to form a robust composite nanofiltration membrane (a PEI/GO@PAN membrane). The as-prepared membrane exhibited an ultrahigh flux of 117.8 L·m−2·h−1, and the rejection values for Direct Red 80 (DR80) and Na2SO4 reached 99.7% and < 1.7%, respectively; these are desirable values for dye/salt separation. The PEI/GO@PAN membrane exhibited an excellent filtration performance, and had a longer lifespan and excellent reusability because of its reinforced nature. This work suggested that tuning the d-spacing with PEI would be an effective strategy to achieve the anticipated functions of nanofiltration membranes.
Graphical abstract
Using perennial plant varieties for use as living mulch for winter cereals. A review
Authors: Cougnon Mathias , Durand Jean-Louis , Julier Bernadette , Barre Philippe , Litrico Isabelle 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Both from the environmental and economical perspective, reducing the use of mineral nitrogen and herbicides is one of the future challenges in cereal production. Growing winter cereals on perennial legume living mulch such as white clover (Trifolium repens L.) or lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) is one of several options to reduce the need for mineral nitrogen fertilizer and herbicides in winter cereal production. Given the importance of winter cereals in the world, adopting this technique could greatly improve the sustainability of crop production. Through competition with the crop however, the living mulch can negatively affect cereal yield. Here, we (i) review how living mulch can be introduced in the system, (ii) synthetize potential advantages and disadvantages of that system, and (iii) explore different strategies to control the competition between the crop and living mulch. The major findings are that (i) competition between cereals and mulch can lead to significant yield reductions if not controlled properly and (ii) perennial legume varieties used as living mulch so far are varieties bred for forage production. We hypothesize that a dedicated breeding program might lead to living mulch varieties with a smaller impact on cereal yield compared to forage varieties, allowing to grow cereals with reduced nitrogen and herbicide inputs. We propose the main characteristics of an ideotype for such a perennial legume variety.
Exhaustive existence and non-existence results for Hardy–Hénon equations in $${{\,\mathrm{{\textbf{R}}}\,}}^n$$
Authors: Giga Yoshikazu , Ngô Quốc Anh 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper concerns solutions to the Hardy–Hénon equation $$\begin{aligned} -\Delta u = |x|^\sigma u^p \end{aligned}$$

-
Δ
u
=

|
x
|

σ

u
p

in $${{\,\mathrm{{\textbf{R}}}\,}}^n$$

R

n

with $$n \ge 1$$

n
≥
1

and arbitrary $$p, \sigma \in {{\,\mathrm{{\textbf{R}}}\,}}.$$

p
,
σ
∈

R

.

This equation was proposed by Hénon in 1973 as a model to study rotating stellar systems in astrophysics. Although there have been many works devoting to the study of the above equation, at least one of the following three assumptions $$p>1,$$

p
>
1
,

$$\sigma \ge -2,$$

σ
≥
-
2
,

and $$n \ge 3$$

n
≥
3

is often assumed. The aim of this paper is to investigate the equation in other cases of these parameters, leading to a complete picture of the existence/non-existence results for non-trivial, non-negative solutions in the full generality of the parameters. In addition to the existence/non-existence results, the uniqueness of solutions is also discussed.
Biomedical Signal Processing: The Cornerstone of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare Wearables
Authors: Valenza Gaetano 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHealth sensors and remote measurement tools have saved lives through the possibility of continuous monitoring and intervention tools, and over the years their use has expanded to non-medical areas such as fitness and perceived well-being. This expansion has led to unprecedented data collection, especially since biomedical sensors are now ubiquitous in everyday devices such as smartwatches and smartphones. While these devices can be disruptive research tools and even clinical tools, they pose technological and socio-economic challenges that can limit their impact. Here, we highlight these challenges, including the use of proxies for clinical reference measurements, uncertainties resulting from the presence of noise, complexity of physiological systems, and statistical methods used for data interpretation.
Examining the interdisciplinary approach for treatment of persistent post-concussion symptoms in adults: a systematic review
Authors: Jennings Tamara , Islam Md Shahidul 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground:The objective of this review is to examine the evidence for the interdisciplinary approach in treatment of persistent post-concussion symptoms in adults.Methods:This systematic literature search was undertaken according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Five electronic databases were searched: CINAHL, Informit, ProQuest, PubMed and Scopus. After screening and quality assessment, the review included six studies published in English and peer-reviewed journals, between 2011 and 2021 to return contemporary evidence.Results:The results revealed that there was significant variation between measures used and the timing of the pre- and post-treatment assessment. The studies found an interdisciplinary approach to be beneficial, however, the challenges of inherent heterogeneity, lack of clarity for definitions and diagnosis, and mixed results were apparent. The interdisciplinary interventions applied in all identified studies were found to reduce post-concussion symptoms across the symptom subtypes: headache/migraine, vestibular, cognitive, ocular motor and anxiety/mood.Conclusions:The results demonstrated evidence for a reduction in persistent post-concussion symptoms following interdisciplinary intervention. This evidence will inform health services, clinicians, sports administrators and researchers with regard to concussion clinic and rehabilitation team design and service delivery.
Efficiently generating geometric inhomogeneous and hyperbolic random graphs
Authors: Bläsius Thomas , Friedrich Tobias , Katzmann Maximilian , Meyer Ulrich , Penschuck Manuel , Weyand Christopher 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHyperbolic random graphs (HRGs) and geometric inhomogeneous random graphs (GIRGs) are two similar generative network models that were designed to resemble complex real-world networks. In particular, they have a power-law degree distribution with controllable exponent
$\beta$
and high clustering that can be controlled via the temperature
$T$
.We present the first implementation of an efficient GIRG generator running in expected linear time. Besides varying temperatures, it also supports underlying geometries of higher dimensions. It is capable of generating graphs with ten million edges in under a second on commodity hardware. The algorithm can be adapted to HRGs. Our resulting implementation is the fastest sequential HRG generator, despite the fact that we support non-zero temperatures. Though non-zero temperatures are crucial for many applications, most existing generators are restricted to
$T = 0$
. We also support parallelization, although this is not the focus of this paper. Moreover, we note that our generators draw from the correct probability distribution, that is, they involve no approximation.Besides the generators themselves, we also provide an efficient algorithm to determine the non-trivial dependency between the average degree of the resulting graph and the input parameters of the GIRG model. This makes it possible to specify the desired expected average degree as input.Moreover, we investigate the differences between HRGs and GIRGs, shedding new light on the nature of the relation between the two models. Although HRGs represent, in a certain sense, a special case of the GIRG model, we find that a straightforward inclusion does not hold in practice. However, the difference is negligible for most use cases.
The Limits of Bookland
Authors: Blair John 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTThis paper aims to demystify the concept of bookland, and to suggest that it matters less for understanding what was distinctive about early England than historians have often supposed. The first part emphasises diplomas as beneficiary-led symbols of culture and status rather than instruments of royal policy. As the primary monastic context faded during the ninth century, so did the distinctive aspects of bookland. By c. 950, bōcland could translate fundus or simply terra, and thereafter diplomas had little effective function beyond signalling the status of landowner and thegn: bookland was absorbed into straightforward allodial possession. In the second part, it is argued that large areas of eastern England never had lay bookland tenure at all, though there was a limited extension of diploma use into parts of the east midlands after c. 940. Rather than a homogeneous Anglo-Saxon charter tradition, we should envisage distinct traditions in the south and west reflecting Italian, Frankish and Brittonic influences. Eastern England, by contrast, faced the North Sea, Scandinavia and the Low Countries: like other English regions it had a high monastic culture during c. 670–800, and that could have included diplomas, but its main documentary tradition is likely to have been more vernacular and decentralized.
The impact of context on pattern separation for objects among younger and older apolipoprotein ϵ4 carriers and noncarriers
Authors: Palmer Justin M. , Grilli Matthew D. , Lawrence Ashely V. , Ryan Lee 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjective:On continuous recognition tasks, changing the context objects are embedded in impairs memory. Older adults are worse on pattern separation tasks requiring identification of similar objects compared to younger adults. However, how contexts impact pattern separation in aging is unclear. The apolipoprotein (APOE) ϵ4 allele may exacerbate possible age-related changes due to early, elevated neuropathology. The goal of this study is to determine how context and APOE status affect pattern separation among younger and older adults.Method:Older and younger ϵ4 carriers and noncarriers were given a continuous object recognition task. Participants indicated if objects on a Repeated White background, Repeated Scene, or a Novel Scene were old, similar, or new. The proportions of correct responses and the types of errors made were calculated.Results:Novel scenes lowered recognition scores compared to all other contexts for everyone. Younger adults outperformed older adults on identifying similar objects. Older adults misidentified similar objects as old more than new, and the repeated scene exacerbated this error. APOE status interacted with scene and age such that in repeated scenes, younger carriers produced less false alarms, and this trend switched for older adults where carriers made more false alarms.Conclusions:Context impacted recognition memory in the same way for both age groups. Older adults underutilized details and over relied on holistic information during pattern separation compared to younger adults. The triple interaction in false alarms may indicate an even greater reliance on holistic information among older adults with increased risk for Alzheimer’s disease.
Reliable change and the reliable change index: still useful after all these years?
Authors: Blampied Neville M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn 1984 Jacobson and colleagues introduced the concept of reliable change, viz the amount of change on a measure that an individual needed to show to determine that it exceeded the extent of change likely due to measurement error alone. Establishing reliable change was a pre-requisite for determining clinical significance. This paper summarizes the rationale for determining reliable change as providing an individual-focused, idiographic alternative to the dominant nomothetic approach to clinical outcome research based on group mean data and statistical significance. The conventional computational steps for calculating an individual’s standardized difference (reliable change) score and the minimum raw change score on the measure (a reliable change index) required to classify individuals as reliably positively changed, indeterminate, or reliably deteriorated are described. Two methods for graphically representing reliable change are presented, and a range of possible uses in both research and practice settings are summarized. A number of issues and debates concerning the calculation of reliable change are reviewed. It is concluded that the concept of reliable change remains useful for both cognitive behavioural researchers and practitioners, but that there are options regarding methods of computation. In any use of reliable change, the rationale for selecting among method options and the exact computations used need clear and careful description so that we can continuously judge the utility and appropriateness of the use of reliable change and enhance its value to the field.Key learning aims(1)Recognizing why the concept of reliable change and the reliable change index is still important.(2)Understanding the conventional formulas for calculating reliable change and the reliable change index (the Jacobson-Truax (JT) method).(3)Seeing key ways that both researchers and practitioners can use reliable change to improve both research and practice.(4)Understanding how several issues and debates that have arisen concerning the estimation of reliable change (e.g. how to accommodate practice effects) have progressed.(5)Recognizing that there are a range of ways that reliable change may be estimated, and the need to provide full details of the method used in any particular instance of its use.
Experimental Constraints on the Fate of Subducted Sedimentary Nitrogen in the Reduced Mantle
Authors: Huang Shengxuan , Wu Xiang , Chariton Stella , Prakapenka Vitali B. , Liang Lin , Zhang Dongzhou , Yang Yan , Chen Bin , Qin Shan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNitrogen is considered to be transported from Earth′s surface to the top of the lower mantle through subduction. However, little is known on the transportation and fate of subducted nitrogen to the Earth′s interior during slab‐mantle interactions. In this study, the stability of subducted sedimentary nitrogen in the reduced mantle was investigated to 35 GPa and 1600 K by laser‐heated diamond anvil cell experiments and first‐principles calculations. Our results showed that subducted nitrogen‐bearing silicates and fluids could not coexist with the metallic iron or iron‐rich alloys, and reacted with them to form different products at high pressure‐temperature conditions. Combining our results with previous data, we re‐determined the relative stability of iron‐light element binary compounds to 35 GPa and 1600 K to be Fe‐O > Fe‐N > Fe‐S > Fe‐C. This stability sequence contributes to explaining the observation that iron nitrides are trapped as inclusions in sulfur‐depleted lower‐mantle diamonds and are absent in sulfur‐rich ones. The recycling efficiency of subducted sedimentary nitrogen is strongly related to the availability of the metallic iron of the reduced mantle. Hydration of the metallic iron limits the storage of nitrogen in it and contributes to recycling nitrogen to Earth′s surface. Therefore, unlike subducted continental sediments, subducted marine sediments are unlikely to transport a large amount of surficial nitrogen to the metallic iron of the reduced mantle in which nitrogen could reside over long geologic periods.
Space‐Scale Resolved Surface Fluxes Across a Heterogeneous, Mid‐Latitude Forested Landscape
Authors: Paleri Sreenath , Desai Ankur R. , Metzger Stefan , Durden David , Butterworth Brian J. , Mauder Matthias , Kohnert Katrin , Serafimovich Andrei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Earth's surface is heterogeneous at multiple scales owing to spatial variability in various properties. The atmospheric responses to these heterogeneities through fluxes of energy, water, carbon, and other scalars are scale‐dependent and nonlinear. Although these exchanges can be measured using the eddy covariance technique, widely used tower‐based measurement approaches suffer from spectral losses in lower frequencies when using typical averaging times. However, spatially resolved measurements such as airborne eddy covariance measurements can detect such larger scale (meso‐β, meso‐γ) transport. To evaluate the prevalence and magnitude of these flux contributions, we applied wavelet analysis to airborne flux measurements over a heterogeneous mid‐latitude forested landscape, interspersed with open water bodies and wetlands. The measurements were made during the Chequamegon Heterogeneous Ecosystem Energy‐balance Study Enabled by a High‐density Extensive Array of Detectors intensive field campaign. We ask, how do spatial scales of surface‐atmosphere fluxes vary over heterogeneous surfaces across the day and across seasons? Measured fluxes were separated into smaller‐scale turbulent and larger‐scale mesoscale contributions. We found significant mesoscale contributions to sensible and latent heat fluxes through summer to autumn which would not be resolved in single‐point tower measurements through traditional time‐domain half‐hourly Reynolds decomposition. We report scale‐resolved flux transitions associated with seasonal and diurnal changes of the heterogeneous study domain. This study adds to our understanding of surface‐atmospheric interactions over unstructured heterogeneities and can help inform multi‐scale model‐data integration of weather and climate models at a sub‐grid scale.
Correlation Between Cloud Adjustments and Cloud Feedbacks Responsible for Larger Range of Climate Sensitivities in CMIP6
Authors: Lutsko Nicholas J. , Luongo Matthew T. , Wall Casey J. , Myers Timothy A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWhile the higher mean Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity (ECS) in CMIP6 has been attributed to more positive cloud feedbacks, it is unclear what causes the greater range of ECS values across CMIP6 models compared to CMIP5. Here, we investigate the relationship between radiative forcing and cloud feedbacks across the two model generations to explain the very high ECS values in some CMIP6 models. The relationship is sensitive to the definition of the forcing, particularly in CMIP6, but fixed‐sea surface temperature simulations suggest the shortwave cloud feedback (λSW,CL) is anticorrelated with the forcing in CMIP5 and either uncorrelated or weakly positively correlated with the forcing in CMIP6. These relationships reflect the cloud adjustment to the forcing, which is anticorrelated with λSW,CL in CMIP5 and positively correlated in CMIP6. Although we are unable to identify a systematic change across the model generations, we do show that the difference is not due to land effects, and that cloud adjustments are generally driven by low and, especially, midlevel clouds. Furthermore, models derived from a small number modeling centers seem to be responsible for much of the difference between the CMIP5 and CMIP6 ensembles. Our analysis is severely limited by the available simulations, highlighting the need for targeted experiments to better understand cloud adjustments and to probe the sources of intermodel differences.