bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global variation in skin injures and skincare practices in extremely preterm infants
Authors: Jani Pranav , Mishra Umesh , Buchmayer Julia , Maheshwari Rajesh , D’Çruz Daphne , Walker Karen , Gözen Duygu , Lowe Krista , Wright Audrey , Marceau James , Culcer Mihaela , Priyadarshi Archana , Kirby Adrienne , Moore James E. , Oei Ju Lee , Shah Vibhuti , Vaidya Umesh , Khashana Abdelmoneim , Godambe Sunit , Cheah Fook Choe , Zhou Wen-Hao , Hu Xiao-Jing , Satardien Muneerah 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Globally, are skincare practices and skin injuries in extremely preterm infants comparable? This study describes skin injuries, variation in skincare practices and investigates any association between them.

Methods
A web-based survey was conducted between February 2019 and August 2021. Quantifying skin injuries and describing skincare practices in extremely preterm infants were the main outcomes. The association between skin injuries and skincare practices was established using binary multivariable logistic regression adjusted for regions.

Results
Responses from 848 neonatal intensive care units, representing all geographic regions and income status groups were received. Diaper dermatitis (331/840, 39%) and medical adhesive-related skin injuries (319/838, 38%) were the most common injuries. Following a local skincare guideline reduced skin injuries [medical adhesive-related injuries: adjusted odds ratios (aOR) = 0.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.45–0.88; perineal injuries: aOR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.45–0.96; local skin infections: OR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.26–0.65; chemical burns: OR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.26–0.83; thermal burns: OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.27–0.96]. Performing skin assessments at least every four hours reduced skin injuries (abrasion: aOR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.33–0.67; pressure: aOR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.34–0.78; diaper dermatitis: aOR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.51–0.99; perineal: aOR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.36–0.75). Regional and resource settings-based variations in skin injuries and skincare practices were observed.

Conclusions
Skin injuries were common in extremely preterm infants. Consistency in practice and improved surveillance appears to reduce the occurrence of these injuries. Better evidence regarding optimal practices is needed to reduce skin injuries and minimize practice variations.
Thom condition and monodromy
Authors: Giménez Conejero R. , Lê Dũng Tráng , Nuño-Ballesteros J. J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe give the definition of the Thom condition and we show that given any germ of complex analytic function $$f:(X,x)\rightarrow ({\mathbb {C}},0)$$

f
:
(
X
,
x
)
→
(
C
,
0
)

on a complex analytic space X, there exists a geometric local monodromy without fixed points, provided that $$f\in {\mathfrak {m}}_{X,x}^2$$

f
∈

m

X
,
x

2

, where $${\mathfrak {m}}_{X,x}$$

m

X
,
x

is the maximal ideal of $${\mathcal {O}}_{X,x}$$

O

X
,
x

. This result generalizes a well-known theorem of the second named author when X is smooth and proves a statement by Tibar in his PhD thesis. It also implies the A’Campo theorem that the Lefschetz number of the monodromy is equal to zero. Moreover, we give an application to the case that X has maximal rectified homotopical depth at x and show that a family of such functions with isolated critical points and constant total Milnor number has no coalescing of singularities.
Impact of the Affordable Care Act on Disparities in Access to and Outcomes After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Hernandez-Morgan Marisa , Stypula Christine , Fischer Matthew , Grogan Tristan , Neelankavil Jacques 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of implementation of the Affordable Care Act’s Medicaid expansion on access to and outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery.

Methods
Retrospective observational study utilizing the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) National Inpatient Sample (NIS) from 2011 to 2016. The southern region of the USA was used as a control and the western region as the implementation group. Univariate regression models and interrupted time series models were created to evaluate and assess the impact of the Affordable Care Act’s Medicaid expansion on mortality after CABG with respect to patient race.

Results
From 2011 to 2016, a total of 117,819 isolated CABG operations were identified in the specified regions using the HCUP NIS. Of these, 89,918 were performed in the southern region, and the remainder were performed in the western region. The proportion of African American patients with Medicaid increased significantly in the western region after the ACA Medicaid expansion, from 13.1 to 17.6%, p = 0.034. There was no significant increase seen in the number of African American patients with Medicaid in the southern region. We found that overall, Black patients had higher mortality after CABG as compared to white patients (OR 1.15, p = 0.02); however, when broken down by region we found higher mortality among African American patients in the southern region only, with no statistically significant difference in mortality between white and Black patients in the western region.

Conclusions
Implementation of the Affordable Care Act increased access to Medicaid among Black Americans but did not necessarily decrease the disparity in access to CABG or mortality after CABG between Black and white patients. When it comes to racial disparities in mortality after CABG, there are significant regional and geographic variations which have not been previously described. This finding has important implications for the development of policy and other strategies that aim to reduce these disparities.
Mental Health Recovery Using the Individual Recovery Outcomes Counter (I.ROC) in a Community Rehabilitation Team: A Service Evaluation
Authors: Baufeldt Angela L. , Dawson David L. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThere are many definitions of recovery in mental health. Community Rehabilitation Teams (CRTs) aim to support the mental health recovery of people. The Individual Recovery Outcomes Counter (I.ROC) is a way to measure recovery. To determine if being supported by a CRT helps mental health recovery for people transitioning from an inpatient service to the community. Individual reliable and clinically meaningful change indices were calculated for a total of 31 people. Two I.ROC questionnaires were completed by 31 people. Of these 31 people, 14 people had three completed I.ROC questionnaires. Of the 31 people, 17 showed a positive reliable change and three people made a clinically meaningful change. Of the 14 people, one had a positive reliable change, two had a negative reliable change, and no-one had a clinically meaningful change. The I.ROC shows the CRT to successfully support recovery in people with mental health difficulties.
Flow condensation heat transfer of propane refrigerant inside a horizontal micro-fin tube
Authors: Pham Quang Vu , Oh Jong-Taek 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDue to the phase-out of CFCs and HCFC refrigerants, propane is a nature refrigerant occurring substance produced by natural gas production and oil refining. As a result, propane has a higher latent heat and lower density than conventional refrigerants while maintaining a comparable saturation pressure and thermal conductivity. So, propane refrigerant is already widely used in domestic fridges and freezers for many years. However, propane’s operating pressures and temperatures are well suited for air conditioning equipment, including chillers. This study investigates the contributions of different heat transfer mechanisms in two-phase flow condensation heat transfer coefficients for propane inside a 6.3-mm ID micro-fin copper tube. Data were collected through an experiment with a two-phase flow condensation. Measurements were taken at different refrigerant mass fluxes from 100 to 300 kg/m2s and heat fluxes from 3 to 9 kW/m2. In addition, the experiments investigated effect of vapor quality, mass flux, and heat flux on the heat transfer coefficients. Finally, a new heat transfer coefficient correlation was developed based on the experimental data with good agreement.
The interpretation of Spanish masculine plural NPs: Are they perceived as uniformly masculine or as a mixture of masculine and feminine?
Authors: Anaya-Ramírez Alejandro , Grinstead John , Nieves Rivera Melissa , Melamed David , Reig-Alamillo Asela 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article investigates whether human masculine plural noun phrases (NPs) in Spanish, which can be interpreted with an exclusively masculine or a mixed-gender meaning, are a case of balanced or unbalanced ambiguity. The results of an experiment using a sentence continuation task with oral stimuli are consistent with the claim that masculine grammatical gender biases listeners toward an exclusively masculine interpretation. The acceptance rate of continuations with the pronoun uno/una referring to a masculine plural antecedent showed that the exclusively masculine meaning of the NP is accessed more frequently and involves a lower cognitive cost than the mixed-gender interpretation. Further, this effect interacts with the stereotypicality of the noun: nouns independently established to carry a masculine stereotype are less likely to be associated with a mixed-gender interpretation. The study also found that the speakers’ attitudes toward nonsexist language predict their acceptance of the mixed-gender interpretation of masculine NPs.
Early and mid-term outcomes of transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects using the Lifetech™ Konar-MF Occluder device (MFO)
Authors: Odemis Ender , Kizilkaya Mete Han 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground:Transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects is challenging. Double disk-designed devices have high adverse event rates; therefore, research into new devices persists. One such devise is the LifetechTM Konar-MF Occluder device (MFO), which is increasingly used. The purpose of this study is to present mid-term results of MFO for transcatheter closure of patients with perimembraneous ventricular septal defect.Patients and methods:Records of the 52 patients with perimembraneous ventricular septal defect who had undergone transcatheter closure with MFO were reviewed. Demographic, echocardiographic, and procedure details were investigated. Three years follow-up results were recorded.Results:We closed the perimembraneous ventricular septal defect in 51 of 52 patients (98%). The femoral venous approach was used in 27 patients (53 %) whilst no arteriovenous loop was established in the remaining patients. No significant procedure-related complication occurred. On day 1 echocardiography, the residual ventricular septal defect rate was 31%. Mean±SD (range) follow-up duration was 36 ± 7,9 (18–54) months. In the follow-up, at 6th months, only four patients had hemodynamically insignificant residual defects. No severe dysrhythmia was detected including complete heart block. A right bundle branch block pattern was seen in one patient.Conclusion:This study showed that MFO is a safe and effective device in the transcatheter treatment of perimembraneous ventricular septal defect’s with mid-term follow-up.
Management of routine postoperative pain for children undergoing cardiac surgery: a Paediatric Acute Care Cardiology Collaborative Clinical Practice Guideline
Authors: Gal Dana B. , Clyde Caitlin O. , Colvin Erin L. , Colyer Jessica , Ferris Anne M. , Figueroa Mayte I. , Hills Brittney K. , Lagergren Sarah M. , Mangum Jordan , Mann Jessica L. , McKeta Angela S. , Patel Sonali S. , Reeves Jennifer F. , Richter Molly , Ring Lisa M. , Rosenblum Joshua M. , Tindel Kaitlin , Weiner Jeffrey G. , Williams Kimberly G. , Zabala Luis M. , Madsen Nicolas L. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground:Pain following surgery for cardiac disease is ubiquitous, and optimal management is important. Despite this, there is large practice variation. To address this, the Paediatric Acute Care Cardiology Collaborative undertook the effort to create this clinical practice guideline.Methods:A panel of experts consisting of paediatric cardiologists, advanced practice practitioners, pharmacists, a paediatric cardiothoracic surgeon, and a paediatric cardiac anaesthesiologist was convened. The literature was searched for relevant articles and Collaborative sites submitted centre-specific protocols for postoperative pain management. Using the modified Delphi technique, recommendations were generated and put through iterative Delphi rounds to achieve consensusResults:60 recommendations achieved consensus and are included in this guideline. They address guideline use, pain assessment, general considerations, preoperative considerations, intraoperative considerations, regional anaesthesia, opioids, opioid-sparing, non-opioid medications, non-pharmaceutical pain management, and discharge considerations.Conclusions:Postoperative pain among children following cardiac surgery is currently an area of significant practice variability despite a large body of literature and the presence of centre-specific protocols. Central to the recommendations included in this guideline is the concept that ideal pain management begins with preoperative counselling and continues through to patient discharge. Overall, the quality of evidence supporting recommendations is low. There is ongoing need for research in this area, particularly in paediatric populations.
Seasonality and Impact Factor Analysis of Streamflow Sensitivity to Climate Change Across China
Authors: Gou Jiaojiao , Miao Chiyuan , Duan Qingyun , Zhang Qi , Guo Xiaoying , Su Ting 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStreamflow sensitivity to climate change is an important indicator for evaluating the effects of climate change on terrestrial water. This study analyzed the spatial pattern and seasonality of streamflow sensitivity to climate change for 425 catchments across China. The results indicate that precipitation is consistently a more important contributor than temperature to streamflow variability (mean streamflow sensitivity to annual precipitation [εP,a] = 0.92; absolute mean sensitivity to annual temperature [εT,a] = 0.05). Meanwhile, the seasonal sensitivity evaluation found that streamflow response to precipitation change in warm seasons (mean εP,w = 0.90) is significantly greater than in cool seasons (mean εP,c = 0.46), but the sensitivity of streamflow to changes in temperature was stronger in cool seasons than in warm seasons. The magnitude of streamflow sensitivity to temperature in cool seasons is significantly affected by elevation (Pearson's r = 0.31, P < 0.01), which is possibly due to the increased snow and glacial melt volume of the high‐elevation catchments in cool seasons. We also found that catchments with higher elevation, drier climate, less vegetation cover, and lower infiltration rates are more likely to present seasonally asymmetric precipitation sensitivity. A possible reason for this spatial pattern is that the highland and continental climate regimes generally exhibit strong precipitation seasonality, thus enhancing the asymmetry of streamflow response to seasonal precipitation change. These findings are essential to improve understanding of the impact of climate change on hydrological processes and thus for formulating adaptive water management strategies for future climate change in China.
Relative Timing of the Ends of Hurricane Intensification and Contraction of the Radius of Maximum Wind in the North Atlantic and Eastern North Pacific
Authors: Li Yuanlong , Tan Zhe‐Min , Wang Yuqing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe statistical relationship between the ending times of hurricane intensification and contraction of the radius of maximum wind (RMW) over the North Atlantic (NA) and Eastern North Pacific (EP) is assessed using the Extended Best Track and Tropical Cyclone Observations‐Based Structure databases during 1999–2014. Results show that in more than half of hurricanes the end of RMW contraction precedes the end of intensification, and those hurricanes generally have lower relative intensity (intensity normalized by the corresponding maximum potential intensity) and larger curvature of the tangential wind profile at the RMW. The preceding time tends to be longer with lower relative intensity and lower intensification rate and on average is longer in the NA (∼19 hr) than in the EP (∼12 hr) due to the overall lower intensification rate in the former. These findings can help improve our understanding of hurricane structure and intensity changes.
On the Onset Time and Background Ionospheric Conditions of Postsunset Equatorial Plasma Bubble
Authors: Das S. K. , Pavanchaitanya P. , Patra A. K. , Niranjan K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOnset time and conditions of the postsunset equatorial plasma bubble (EPB) observed by the Gadanki Ionospheric Radar Interferometer are presented and discussed in the light of collocated digisonde observations of background ionosphere. Observations show two important findings: (a) onset time of EPB is linked with the sunset terminator and it varies between the low latitude E region sunset and apex F region sunset with a tendency of EPB onset to be close to low latitude E region sunset, and (b) higher height of the bottomside F layer (by 50–60 km) and vertical plasma drift (by 10–30 m s−1) observed over Gadanki are found to be associated with the EPBs growing in a narrow longitude zone of ±1° centered on Gadanki than those outside this zone. The early onset of EPB coinciding with the low latitude E region sunset is attributed to the early predominance of the F region dynamo leading to prereversal enhancement (PRE) of zonal electric field, consistent with theoretical expectation. Delay in the onset of EPB is attributed to the effect of flux tube integrated Pedersen conductivity owing to low latitude sporadic E activity and the F region meridional neutral wind that could change the F region plasma density along the flux tube through field‐aligned movement of plasma. Observations also show that ionosonde observations from a single location cannot be used to predict the growth of EPB at other location, including those close to the station but away from the station by about 120 km.
The Lower Thermospheric Winter‐To‐Summer Meridional Circulation: 1. Driving Mechanism
Authors: Wang Jack C. , Yue Jia , Wang Wenbin , Qian Liying , Wu Qian , Wang Ningchao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study, the mechanism driving the narrow lower‐thermospheric winter‐to‐summer meridional circulation is thoroughly investigated for the first time using the Specified Dynamics configuration runs of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model eXtended (SD‐WACCMX) simulations and the TIMED Doppler Interferometer (TIDI) observations. The mean meridional circulation in the SD‐WACCMX is qualitatively consistent with the TIDI measurements, though the magnitude in the SD‐WACCMX is about 50% weaker. The lower‐thermospheric winter‐to‐summer circulation is mainly driven by the resolved wave forcing, including the tides and internally generated inertia gravity waves (GWs). The momentum forcing from the parameterized sub‐grid scale GWs is not as significant as the resolved wave forcing in driving the lower‐thermospheric meridional circulation. The GW parameterization scheme in the SD‐WACCMX only includes GWs with phase velocities in the range of ±45 m/s, which might result in most of the parameterized sub‐grid GWs dissipating and breaking in the mesosphere and hardly impacting the lower thermosphere. Only including slow GWs in the SD‐WACCMX parameterization could potentially lead to the underestimation of the meridional wind in the model. Analysis also indicates the lower‐thermospheric meridional circulation is stronger in the summer hemisphere, which is attributed to the hemispheric asymmetry in the resolved wave momentum forcing. This study underlines the importance of the whole atmosphere coupling through wave propagation and dissipation. This understanding can guide the model development with an accurate representation of underlying physical processes in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere which drives the lower‐thermospheric circulation as well as the overall dynamics of this region.
Emergence of Broadband Variability in a Marine Plankton Model Under External Forcing
Authors: Mayersohn Benjamin , Lévy Marina , Mangolte Inès , Smith K. Shafer 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTemporal variability in plankton community structure and biomass is often driven by environmental fluctuations: nutrient supplies, light, stratification and temperature. But plankton time series also exhibit variability that is not strongly correlated with key physical variables and is distinctly nonlinear in nature. There is evidence, from both laboratory and modeling studies, that oscillations can arise from ecological interactions alone. In the open ocean, it is challenging to establish the roles and relative importance of environmental versus intrinsic processes in generating the observed ecological variability. To explore this competition, we employ a marine plankton model that supports two mechanisms of intrinsic ecological variability operating at distinct frequencies: predator‐prey interactions between zooplankton and phytoplankton, with timescales of weeks, and resource competition that occurs with multiple nutrients phytoplankton species, with timescales of years. The model is forced by imposing variable nutrient input rates. Representing typical open ocean situations, with periods ranging from subseasonal to multi‐annual. We find that intrinsically‐driven variability generally persists in the presence of extrinsic forcing, and that the interaction between the two can produce variability at frequencies that are not characteristic of either source. The intrinsic frequencies are found to be even more energetic when the extrinsic variability is augmented with stochastic noise. We conclude that interactions between intrinsic and extrinsic sources of variability may contribute to the wide range of observed frequencies in phytoplankton time series, and may explain why it is often difficult to relate planktonic variation to environmental variation alone.
Innate immune imprints in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection convalescents
Authors: Li Zhiqing , Chen Xiaosu , Dan Junyan , Hu Tianju , Hu Ye , Liu Shuxun , Chai Yangyang , Shi Yansong , Wu Jian , Ni Hailai , Zhu Jiaqi , Wu Yanfeng , Li Nan , Yu Yizhi , Wang Zhongfang , Zhao Jincun , Zhong Nanshan , Ren Xianwen , Shen Zhongyang , Cao Xuetao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection generally gives rise to asymptomatic to moderate COVID-19 in vaccinated people. The immune cells can be reprogrammed or “imprinted” by vaccination and infections to generate protective immunity against subsequent challenges. Considering the immune imprint in Omicron infection is unclear, here we delineate the innate immune landscape of human Omicron infection via single-cell RNA sequencing, surface proteome profiling, and plasma cytokine quantification. We found that monocyte responses predominated in immune imprints of Omicron convalescents, with IL-1β-associated and interferon (IFN)-responsive signatures with mild and moderate symptoms, respectively. Low-density neutrophils increased and exhibited IL-1β-associated and IFN-responsive signatures similarly. Mild convalescents had increased blood IL-1β, CCL4, IL-9 levels and PI3+ neutrophils, indicating a bias to IL-1β responsiveness, while moderate convalescents had increased blood CXCL10 and IFN-responsive monocytes, suggesting durative IFN responses. Therefore, IL-1β- or IFN-responsiveness of myeloid cells may indicate the disease severity of Omicron infection and mediate post-COVID conditions.