bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Camera-based assessment of cutaneous perfusion strength in a clinical setting
Authors: Hammer Alexander , Scherpf Matthieu , Schmidt Martin , Ernst Hannes , Malberg Hagen , Matschke Klaus , Dragu Adrian , Martin Judy , Bota Olimpiu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objective. After skin flap transplants, perfusion strength monitoring is essential for the early detection of tissue perfusion disorders and thus to ensure the survival of skin flaps. Camera-based photoplethysmography (cbPPG) is a non-contact measurement method, using video cameras and ambient light, which provides spatially resolved information about tissue perfusion. It has not been researched yet whether the measurement depth of cbPPG, which is limited by the penetration depth of ambient light, is sufficient to reach pulsatile vessels and thus to measure the perfusion strength in regions that are relevant for skin flap transplants. Approach. We applied constant negative pressure (compared to ambient pressure) to the anterior thighs of 40 healthy subjects. Seven measurements (two before and five up to 90 min after the intervention) were acquired using an RGB video camera and photospectrometry simultaneously. We investigated the performance of different algorithmic approaches for perfusion strength assessment, including the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), its logarithmic components logS and logN, amplitude maps, and the amplitude height of alternating and direct signal components. Main results. We found strong correlations of up to r = 0.694 (p < 0.001) between photospectrometric measurements and all cbPPG parameters except SNR when using the green color channel. The transfer of cbPPG signals to POS, CHROM, and O3C did not lead to systematic improvements. However, for direct signal components, the transformation to O3C led to correlations of up to r = 0.744 (p < 0.001) with photospectrometric measurements. Significance. Our results indicate that a camera-based perfusion strength assessment in tissue with deep-seated pulsatile vessels is possible.
Ozone production in a dielectric barrier discharge in air- and oxygen–methane mixtures. Experiment and modeling
Authors: Torbin A P , Demyanov A V , Kochetov I V , Mikheyev P A , Mebel A M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The effect of methane on ozone production in a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) was studied in mixtures of CH4 with synthesized air and oxygen. It was found that addition of CH4 significantly reduced the number density of ozone other conditions being equal. A DBD model was developed that takes into account the spatial structure of microdischarges and the fact that near the electrodes their filaments transform into surface discharges, where most of ozone is produced. In addition, in air and air–CH4 mixtures the successive microdischarges were considered to occur not randomly in space, but at the same positions on the electrodes or moving with the flow occurring in the same volumes. The measured values of ozone number density downstream of the DBD were compared with simulation results, obtained with this novel DBD model. A good agreement between experiment and calculations was observed.
Physical nature of size effects in TiAlNiAu/GaN ohmic contacts to AlGaN/GaN heteroepitaxial structures
Authors: Torkhov N A , Gradoboev A V , Orlova K N , Toropov A S 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The size effect observed in TiAlNiAu/GaN ohmic contacts (OCs) makes itself evident in the dependence of their relative electrical characteristics R
SH
, R
SK
, ρ and geometrical parameter L
T on the LTLM test line width Wk
. The paper explores the geometry of relief (topography) irregularities and their interface conductivity, indicating the great significance of the fractal geometry for the description of the electrophysical and device characteristics. The regularities discovered can be of great practical importance in terms of OC development and optimization for micro-/nanoelectronics demands.
Landau-type sudden transitions of quantum correlations
Authors: Yurischev Mikhail A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Sudden changes of quantum correlations in the Bell-diagonal states are well-known effects. They occur when the set of optimal parameters that determine the quantum correlation consists of isolated points and optimal parameters during the evolution of the system jump from one such point to another (e.g., the optimal measurement angle of the quantum discord changes discontinuously from zero to π/2 or vice versa). However, when considering more general X quantum states, we found that quantum discord and one-way quantum work deficit can experience sudden changes of other kinds. Namely, the optimal measurement angle may suddenly start to shift continuously from its stationary value 0 or π/2 to an intermediate optimal measurement angle ϑ ∈ (0, π/2). This leads to a new behavior of quantum correlations, which is mathematically described by the Landau phenomenological theory of second-order phase transitions. In addition, for the one-way quantum work deficit, we found cases where the optimal measurement angle jumps from zero to a nonzero step less than π/2, and then continuously changes its value. This behavior of quantum correlation is similar to a first-order phase transition in Landau’s theory. Dependencies of quantum discord and one-way quantum work deficit near the boundaries, which separate regions with state-dependent (variable) and state-independent (stationary, constant) optimal measurement angles, are examined in detail on an example of the XXZ spin model in an external field at thermal equilibrium.
Self-interacting dark matter in cosmology: accurate numerical implementation and observational constraints
Authors: Yunis Rafael , Argüelles Carlos R. , Scóccola Claudia G. , López Nacir Diana , Giordano Gastón 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a systematic and accurate treatment of the evolution of cosmological perturbations in self-interacting dark matter models, for particles which decoupled from the primordial plasma while relativistic. We provide a numerical implementation of the Boltzmann hierarchies developed in a previous paper [JCAP, 09 (2020) 041] in a publicly available Boltzmann code and show how it can be applied to realistic DM candidates such as sterile neutrinos either under resonant or non-resonant production mechanisms, and for different field mediators. At difference with traditional fluid approximations — also known as a c
eff-c
vis parametrizations — our approach follows the evolution of phase-space perturbations under elastic DM interactions for a wide range of interaction models, including the effects of late kinetic decoupling. Finally, we analyze the imprints left by different self interacting models on linear structure formation, which can be constrained using Lyman-α forest and satellite counts. We find new lower bounds on the particle mass that are less restrictive than previous constraints.
Relevance of VHE blazar spectra models with axion-like particles
Authors: Li Hai-Jun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The oscillation of photons and axion-like particles (ALPs)
in the astrophysical magnetic fields could modify the measured very
high energy (VHE; ℰ ≳ 100 GeV) γ-ray
spectra of the blazar sources. In this paper, we use the VHE
γ-ray observations of the blazar Markarian 421 (Mrk 421)
measured by MAGIC and Fermi-LAT in 2017 with four phases to
constrain the ALP. We give the spectral energy distributions (SEDs)
of these phases under the null and ALP hypotheses. We also test the
effects of the γ-ray blazar intrinsic spectra models on the
ALP constraints. No significant relationship is confirmed between
the ALP constraints and the model selections. The 95% C.L.
combined constraints set by the single-model and multi-model
scenarios on the ALP parameter space are roughly at the photon-ALP
coupling gaγ ≳ 3 × 10-11 GeV-1 for
the ALP mass 1 × 10-8 eV ≲ m
a ≲ 2 × 10-7 eV.
Focus shaping by tightly focusing locally linear polarized vortex beams with Pancharatnam–Berry tailored
Authors: Zhang Hongshun , Qin Yali , Ren Hongliang , Zheng Huan , Xu Menghua 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Based on vector diffraction theory, we demonstrated that the three-dimensional spatial separation of the two foci can be achieved by modulating the polarization distribution of the input vector light field. The Pancharatnam–Berry tailored vector light field combined with a vortex phase can realize both foci possess vortices of arbitrary topological charges. The simulation results show that the tightly focused vector vortex beam can generate two vortices with independent topological charges, and the spatial distance between the two vortex foci can be adjusted. Moreover, the focal field distribution with optical cage or flat-topped profile can be easily obtained by appropriately choosing the polarized structure and vortex phase of the input beams. We generate a perfect optical cage that is almost surrounded by uniform light intensity. The flat-topped focus can be formed by focusing of a single vortex, as well as the superposition focusing of the two vortices. These engineered focus profiles may find potential applications in optical imaging, laser micromachining, particle trapping and manipulations.
Landau quantization and spin polarization of cold magnetized quark matter *
Authors: Lu Zhen-Yan , Xu Jian-Feng , Wen Xin-Jian , Peng Guang-Xiong , Ruggieri Marco 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The magnetic field and density behaviors of various thermodynamic quantities of strange quark matter under compact star conditions are investigated in the framework of the thermodynamically self-consistent quasiparticle model. For individual species, a larger number density

leads to a larger magnetic field strength threshold that aligns all particles parallel or antiparallel to the magnetic field. Accordingly, in contrast to the finite baryon density effect which reduces the spin polarization of magnetized strange quark matter, the magnetic field effect leads to an enhancement of it. We also compute the sound velocity as a function of the baryon density and find the sound velocity shows an obvious oscillation with increasing density. Except for the oscillation, the sound velocity grows with increasing density, similar to the zero-magnetic field case, and approaches the conformal limit

at high densities from below.
Strategies for advanced particulate bone substitutes regulating the osteo-immune microenvironment
Authors: Yang Yang , Chu Chenyu , Xiao Wenlan , Liu Li , Man Yi , Lin Jie , Qu Yili 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The usage of bone substitute granule materials has improved the clinical results of alveolar bone deficiencies treatment and thus broadened applications in implant dentistry. However, because of the complicated mechanisms controlling the foreign body response, no perfect solution can avoid the fibrotic encapsulation of materials till now, which may impair the results of bone regeneration, even cause the implant materials rejection. Recently, the concept of ‘osteoimmunology’ has been stressed. The outcomes of bone regeneration are proved to be related to the bio-physicochemical properties of biomaterials, which allow them to regulate the biological behaviours of both innate and adaptive immune cells. With the development of single cell transcriptome, the truly heterogeneity of osteo-immune cells has been clarifying, which is helpful to overcome the limitations of traditional M1/M2 macrophage nomenclature and drive the advancements of particulate biomaterials applications. This review aims at introducing the mechanisms of optimal osseointegration regulated by immune systems and provides feasible strategies for the design of next generation ‘osteoimmune-smart’ particulate bone substitute materials in dental clinic.
Foreign body response to synthetic polymer biomaterials and the role of adaptive immunity
Authors: Kyriakides Themis R , Kim Hyun-Je , Zheng Christy , Harkins Lauren , Tao Wanyun , Deschenes Emily 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Implanted biomaterials elicit a series of distinct immune and repair-like responses that are collectively known as the foreign body reaction (FBR). These include processes involving innate immune inflammatory cells and wound repair cells that contribute to the encapsulation of biomaterials with a dense collagenous and largely avascular capsule. Numerous studies have shown that the early phase is dominated by macrophages that fuse to form foreign body giant cells that are considered a hallmark of the FBR. With the advent of more precise cell characterization techniques, specific macrophage subsets have been identified and linked to more or less favorable outcomes. Moreover, studies comparing synthetic- and natural-based polymer biomaterials have allowed the identification of macrophage subtypes that distinguish between fibrotic and regenerative responses. More recently, cells associated with adaptive immunity have been shown to participate in the FBR to synthetic polymers. This suggests the existence of cross-talk between innate and adaptive immune cells that depends on the nature of the implants. However, the exact participation of adaptive immune cells, such as T and B cells, remains unclear. In fact, contradictory studies suggest either the independence or dependence of the FBR on these cells. Here, we review the evidence for the involvement of adaptive immunity in the FBR to synthetic polymers with a focus on cellular and molecular components. In addition, we examine the possibility that such biomaterials induce specific antibody responses resulting in the engagement of adaptive immune cells.
The evolving roles of intensity and wet season timing in rainfall regimes surrounding the Red Sea
Authors: Haleakala Kayden , Yue Haowen , Alam Sarfaraz , Mitra Rouhin , Bushara Ageel I , Gebremichael Mekonnen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Red Sea is surrounded by a diverse mixture of climates and is spanned by opposite hydrologic end-uses and geopolitical states. Unique water supply management challenges on both sides (related to agricultural and trans-boundary conflict in East Africa, and to groundwater depletion in the Arabian Peninsula) are made more severe by a rising demand, which underscores the importance of understanding shifts in rainfall supply to aid effective action. In this study, we characterize the relative importance of rainfall intensities to annual rainfall, the onset and duration of wet seasons, and the (statistically significant) trends in each of these over the region from 1981 through 2020 using daily gridded (0.05°) precipitation estimates. Results show that heavy rainfall (above 20 mm d−1) does not necessarily benefit annual totals, as the wettest regions are shaped by moderate (between 5 and 20 mm d−1) rainfall coupled with prolonged wet seasons. Observed trends in annual rainfall are underlain by interactions between shifting wet season lengths and rainfall intensities. Wet season length increases for 26% of the region, dampening the inherent drying resulting from shifts toward less-intense rainfall, and bolstering the inherent wetting from shifts toward more-intense rainfall. Regions shifting toward less- (more-)intense rainfall without an expanding wet season generally show negative (insignificant) rainfall trends. This reveals an important control that wet-day frequency has over wet-day intensity alone in shaping annual rainfall changes. We emphasize that the large-scale distribution of these shifts and their regional importance should punctuate cooperative efforts in sustainable resource management and transboundary governance.
Entanglement spectrum in general free fermionic systems
Authors: Bettelheim Eldad , Banerjee Aditya , Plenio Martin B , Huelga Susana F 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The statistical mechanics characterization of finite subsystems embedded in an infinite system is a fundamental question of quantum physics. Nevertheless, a full closed form for all required entropic measures does not exist in the general case, even for free systems, when the finite system in question is composed of several disjoint intervals. Here we develop a mathematical framework based on the Riemann–Hilbert approach to treat this problem in the one-dimensional case where the finite system is composed of two disjoint intervals and in the thermodynamic limit (both intervals and the space between them contains an infinite number of lattice sites and the result is given as a thermodynamic expansion). To demonstrate the usefulness of our method, we compute the change in the entanglement and negativity spectra namely the spectrum of eigenvalues of the reduced density matrix with or without time reversal of one of the intervals. We do this in the case that the distance between the intervals is much larger than their size. The method we use can be easily applied to compute any power in an expansion in the ratio of the distance between the intervals to their size. We expect these results to provide the necessary mathematical apparatus to address relevant questions in concrete physical scenarios, namely the structure and extent of quantum correlations in fermionic systems subject to local environments.
Optimization of the sterilization method for leaf explant Robusta BP 308 coffee in vitro
Authors: Asmono S L , Wardana R , Rahmawati  
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The research aimed to know the optimal sterilizing agent for the success of the coffee callus inoculation from young leaf explant. This research was conducted at the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory for 2 months. The explants are used from young leaves of Robusta clones BP 308. This experiment used a nonfactorial completely randomized design with three sterilization methods and was repeated 10 times. The treatments tested were as follows Method 1: Fungicide 2 gr/L, Bactericide 2 gr/L, Erythromycin 4 gr/L (20 min); 70% alcohol (3 sec); NaOCl 0.525% (10 min); NaOCl 1.05% (10 min). Method 2: 70% alcohol (3 sec), 0.1% HgCL2 (5 min). Method 3: Fungicide 2 gr/L, Bactericide 2 gr/L, Erythromycin 4 gr/L (20 min); 70% alcohol (3 sec); NaOCl 0.525% (10 min); NaOCl 1.05% (10 min); 0.1% HgCL2 (5 min). The results showed that the sterilization method used suppressed the rate of bacterial and fungal contamination, but there was no significant difference between the methods. A very significant effect was seen in the percentage of browning explants. In sterilizing agent treatment 1, there was no browning explant, while the other methods caused browning to reach 62.5%. Browning also causes differences in callus regeneration ability. The explants which were sterilized in method 1 showed a high percentage of callus (85%) and were also appear to callus faster at 11 days after inoculation.
Optimization of Production Botanily Seeds (TSS) Shallot (Alliun cepa var. ascalonicum) Biru Lancor Variety through improvement of hand pollination in the lowland
Authors: Siswadi E , Pertami R R D , Nugroho S A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The productivity of shallots is influenced by bulb quality, disease, and low vigor characteristics, leading to many ideas for developing true shallot seed (TSS). TSS planting material advantage is the use of less seed, it can be said maintenance would be easier, minimization of seed-borne diseases, and has a fairly long shelf life compared to seed tubers. It is hoped that improved pollination through modification of Hand Artificial Pollination can replace or increase the success of flowers into fruit and be followed by the formation of true seeds or True Shallot Seed (TSS) of the biru lancor variety of red onion in the lowland. The research aims to analyze the treatment of Hand Artificial Pollination in replacing insect pollination in the production of true seed (TSS) of the lancor blue variety in the Lowlands. The research method was to prepare the bulbs of the biru lancor variety shallots given vernalization treatment by storing in the refrigerator (showcase) at temperatures of 5°C, 10°C, and room temperature for 4 weeks. Furthermore, the tuber seeds after undergoing vernalization are planted. Research results show vernalization with a temperature of 10°C has no significant effect compared to tubers without vernalization. Vernalization with 5°C temperature can increase flowering and fruit formation (number of umbels per clump, number of flowers per umbel, number of fruit per umbel), viability, and pollen count, production of TSS seeds (number of seeds per umbel, seed weight per umbel, seed weight per clump).
Utilization of foliar fertilizer as an alternative medium for enlargement of Vanda orchid plantlets before acclimatization
Authors: Kasutjianingati K , Koesparwanti T R , Eliyatiningsih E 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study aims to obtain an appropriate and inexpensive alternative media combination for the growth of Vanda hybrid orchids prior to acclimatization. Experiment using Factorial Randomized Block Design. The first factor is the type of media (Vacin -Went and foliar fertilizer ) and the second factor is the addition of organic matter (coconut water composition, sweet corn composition, tomato composition, BAP, NAA and without organic matter or PGR). The results showed that the interaction of treatment on plant height was only seen at 18 weeks after treatment, while the number of leaves could be seen earlier at 16 weeks after treatment. The independent effect of organic matter and PGR on the number of leaves has been seen since the age of the plant 10 weeks after treatment, while the plant height was only seen 16 weeks after treatment. Independent treatment of growing media had no effect on height and number of leaves up to 18 weeks after planting. The use of foliar fertilizer media with the type of organic material composition being tested can be suggested as an alternative growth medium for plantlet growth, not significantly different from vacin-went with BAP media.
Modeling the effect of climate on na-oogst tobacco production in Jember
Authors: Harlianingtyas I , Azizah M , Kusuma S I , Muksin  , Humaida S 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) makes a significant contribution to the source of farmers’ income and the provision of employment opportunities. Tobacco plants are very susceptible to being influenced by the climatology and geography of the region. Na-Oogst tobacco is specifically cultivated in East Java in the Besuki Ex-Karesiden area which includes Jember and Bondowoso regencies, its mainly used for making cigars outside (dekblad), cigar dressings (omblad), and filling cigars (filler). Tobacco plants are sensitive to environmental factors including climatic factors, such as rainfall, humidity, and temperature. The climatic conditions of rainfall, both the amount and the distribution are very diverse so that it affects the growth, production, and quality of tobacco. Based on this, this study aims to identify characteristics, analyze and determine the modeling of the influence of climate factors on tobacco productions in Jember Regency. This is very important to do to determine recommendations and policies to increase tobacco productivity. The mathematical model of the analysis on Na-Oogst tobacco production in Jember Regency is Y = -362629 + 0.1285 rainfall + 2.93 rainy days + 16630 temperature – 1377 humidity with the coefficient of determination is 76.33%.