bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of loneliness on compliance with COVID‐19 prevention guidelines
Authors: Schultz Ainslie E. , Newman Kevin P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMany individuals have been reluctant to follow the COVID‐19 prevention guidelines (e.g., wearing a mask, physical distancing, and vigilant handwashing) set forth by the U.S. Center for Disease Control to reduce the spread of COVID‐19. In this research, we use reciprocal altruism theory to investigate the role of loneliness and its impact on compliance with these guidelines. Our findings indicate that lonely individuals are less willing to comply with COVID‐19 prevention guidelines than non‐lonely individuals. Process evidence suggests that this occurs as loneliness can inhibit an individual's sense of obligation to reciprocate to others. However, we demonstrate that framing information about COVID‐19 through agentic (vs. communal) advertising messaging strategies can offset the negative impact of loneliness on compliance with COVID‐19 prevention guidelines. Thus, marketers and policymakers may want to consider the important role of loneliness when tailoring messaging appeals that encourage compliance with COVID‐19 prevention guidelines.
Biological and prognostic implications of biopsy upgrading for high‐grade upper tract urothelial carcinoma at nephroureterectomy
Authors: Katayama Satoshi , Pradere Benjamin , Grossman Nico C. , Potretzke Aaron M. , Boorjian Stephen A. , Ghoreifi Alireza , Daneshmand Sia , Djaladat Hooman , Sfakianos John P. , Mari Andrea , Khene Zine‐Eddine , D'Andrea David , Hayakawa Nozomi , Breda Alberto , Fontana Matteo , Fujita Kazutoshi , Antonelli Alessandro , van Doeveren Thomas , Steinbach Christina , Mori Keiichiro , Laukhtina Ekaterina , Rouprêt Morgan , Margulis Vitaly , Karakiewicz Pierre I. , Araki Motoo , Compérat Eva , Nasu Yasutomo , Shariat Shahrokh F. 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesTechnical limitations of ureteroscopic (URS) biopsy has been considered responsible for substantial upgrading rate in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). However, the impact of tumor specific factors for upgrading remain uninvestigated.MethodsPatients who underwent URS biopsy were included between 2005 and 2020 at 13 institutions. We assessed the prognostic impact of upgrading (low‐grade on URS biopsy) versus same grade (high‐grade on URS biopsy) for high‐grade UTUC tumors on radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) specimens.ResultsThis study included 371 patients, of whom 112 (30%) and 259 (70%) were biopsy‐based low‐ and high‐grade tumors, respectively. Median follow‐up was 27.3 months. Patients with high‐grade biopsy were more likely to harbor unfavorable pathologic features, such as lymphovascular invasion (p < 0.001) and positive lymph nodes (LNs; p < 0.001). On multivariable analyses adjusting for the established risk factors, high‐grade biopsy was significantly associated with worse overall (hazard ratio [HR] 1.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10–2.75; p = 0.018), cancer‐specific (HR 1.94; 95% CI, 1.07–3.52; p = 0.03), and recurrence‐free survival (HR 1.80; 95% CI, 1.13–2.87; p = 0.013). In subgroup analyses of patients with pT2‐T4 and/or positive LN, its significant association retained. Furthermore, high‐grade biopsy in clinically non‐muscle invasive disease significantly predicted upstaging to final pathologically advanced disease (≥pT2) compared to low‐grade biopsy.ConclusionsHigh tumor grade on URS biopsy is associated with features of biologically and clinically aggressive UTUC tumors. URS low‐grade UTUC that becomes upgraded to high‐grade might carry a better prognosis than high‐grade UTUC on URS. Tumor specific factors are likely to be responsible for upgrading to high‐grade on RNU.
Dysfunctional phenotype of systemic and pulmonary regulatory T cells associate with lethal COVID‐19 cases
Authors: Gonçalves‐Pereira Marcela Helena , Santiago Luciana , Ravetti Cecilia Gómez , Vassallo Paula Frizera , de Andrade Marcus Vinicius Melo , Vieira Mariana Sousa , de Fátima Souza de Oliveira Fernanda , Carobin Natália Virtude , Li Guangzhao , de Paula Sabino Adriano , Nobre Vandack , da Costa Santiago Helton 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSevere cases of COVID‐19 present hyperinflammatory condition that can be fatal. Little is known about the role of regulatory responses in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. In this study, we evaluated the phenotype of regulatory T cells in the blood (peripheral blood mononuclear cell) and the lungs (broncho‐alveolar) of adult patients with severe COVID‐19 under invasive mechanical ventilation. Our results show important dynamic variation on Treg cells phenotype during COVID‐19 with changes in number and functional parameters from the day of intubation (Day 1 of intensive care unit admission) to Day 7. We observed that compared with surviving patients, non‐survivors presented lower numbers of Treg cells in the blood. In addition, lung Tregs of non‐survivors also displayed higher PD1 and lower FOXP3 expressions suggesting dysfunctional phenotype. Further signs of Treg dysregulation were observed in non‐survivors such as limited production of IL‐10 in the lungs and higher production of IL‐17A in the blood and in the lungs, which were associated with increased PD1 expression. These findings were also associated with lower pulmonary levels of Treg‐stimulating factors like TNF and IL‐2. Tregs in the blood and lungs are profoundly dysfunctional in non‐surviving COVID‐19 patients.
A joint normal‐binary (probit) model
Authors: Delporte Margaux , Fieuws Steffen , Molenberghs Geert , Verbeke Geert , Situma Wanyama Simeon , Hatziagorou Elpis , De Boeck Christiane 
Published: November 2022

SummaryIn biomedical research, often hierarchical binary and continuous responses need to be jointly modelled. In joint generalised linear mixed models, this can be done with correlated random effects, which allows examining the association structure between the various responses and the evolution of this association over time. In addition, the effect of covariates on all outcomes can be assessed simultaneously. Still, investigating this association is often limited to examining the correlations between the responses on an underlying scale. In addition, the interpretation of this hierarchical model is conditional on the subject‐specific random effects. This paper extends this approach and shows how manifest correlations can be computed, that is, the associations between the observed responses. Further, a marginal model is formulated, in which the interpretation is no longer conditional on the random effects. In addition, prediction intervals are derived of one subvector of responses conditional on the other. These methods are applied in a case study of the lung function and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in patients with cystic fibrosis.
CXC‐ receptor 2 promotes extracellular matrix production and attenuates migration in peripapillary human scleral fibroblasts under mechanical strain
Authors: Qiu Chen , Wang Chuandong , Sun Xinghuai , Xu Jianjiang , Wu Jihong , Zhang Rong , Li Gang , Xue Kang , Zhang Xiaoling , Qian Shaohong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs the main loading‐bearing tissue of eye, sclera exerts an important role in the pathophysiology of glaucoma. Intraocular pressure (IOP) generates mechanical strain on sclera. Recent studies have demonstrated that sclera, especially the peripapillary sclera, undergoes complicated remodelling under the mechanical strain. However, the mechanisms of the hypertensive scleral remodelling in human eyes remained uncertain. In this study, peripapillary human scleral fibroblasts (ppHSFs) were applied cyclic mechanical strain by Flexcell‐5000™ tension system. We found that CXC‐ ligands and CXCR2 were differentially expressed after strain. Increased cell proliferation and inhibited cell motility were observed when CXCR2 was upregulated under the strain, whereas cell proliferation and motility did not have a significant change when CXCR2 was knocked down. CXCR2 could facilitate cell proliferation ability, modulate the mRNA and protein expressions of type I collagen and matrix metalloproteinase 2 via JAK1/2‐STAT3 signalling pathway. In addition, CXCR2 might inhibit cell migration via FAK/MLC2 pathway. Taken together, CXCR2 regulated protein production and affected cell behaviours of ppHSFs. It might be a potential therapeutic target for the hypertensive scleral remodelling.
A novel composite colorimetric sensor array for quality characterization of shrimp paste based on indicator displacement assay and etching of silver nanoprisms
Authors: Jiao Xueya , Huang Xingyi , Yu Shanshan , Wang Li , Wang Yu , Zhang Xiaorui , Ren Yi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study, a novel amino acids and salts‐sensitive colorimetric sensor array (CSA) was constructed to evaluate shrimp paste quality based on mechanisms of indicator displacement assay (IDA) and silver nanoprisms (AgNPRs) etching. Three supervised learning methods including linear discriminant analysis (LDA), K‐nearest neighbor (KNN), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) were applied to qualitatively distinguish shrimp paste from different geographical origins with the discriminant accuracy for prediction set of 94.44%, 97.22%, and 100%, respectively. Partial least squares (PLS) and SVM were further used to quantitatively predict the crucial compounds in shrimp paste. The correlation coefficients for prediction set (Rp) of amino acid nitrogen and salt using PLS model were 0.8875 and 0.9478, respectively. And the prediction performance was significantly improved by using SVM analysis with Rp of 0.9312 and 0.9500, respectively. The results indicated that the CSA can be an effective tool in the quality characterization of shrimp paste.Practical applications
A novel amino acids and salts‐sensitive colorimetric sensor array (CSA) was constructed to evaluate shrimp paste quality based on mechanisms of indicator displacement assay (IDA) and silver nanoprisms (AgNPRs) etching.
This study combined CSA with pattern recognition methods including LDA, KNN, and SVM modeling methods to effectively identify six different shrimp pastes with the highest recognition rate of the SVM model (100% for both training set and prediction set).
Partial least squares (PLS) and SVM modeling methods were further applied to quantitatively predict the amino acid nitrogen and salt content of six different types of shrimp pastes with an excellent prediction performance.
Effect of computer‐aided colonoscopy on adenoma miss rates and polyp detection: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Shah Sagar , Park Nathan , Chehade Nabil El Hage , Chahine Anastasia , Monachese Marc , Tiritilli Amelie , Moosvi Zain , Ortizo Ronald , Samarasena Jason 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and AimMultiple computer‐aided techniques utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) have been created to improve the detection of polyps during colonoscopy and thereby reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer. While adenoma detection rates (ADR) and polyp detection rates (PDR) are important colonoscopy quality indicators, adenoma miss rates (AMR) may better quantify missed lesions, which can ultimately lead to interval colorectal cancer. The purpose of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to determine the efficacy of computer‐aided colonoscopy (CAC) with respect to AMR, ADR, and PDR in randomized controlled trials.MethodsA comprehensive, systematic literature search was performed across multiple databases in September of 2022 to identify randomized, controlled trials that compared CAC with traditional colonoscopy. Primary outcomes were AMR, ADR, and PDR.ResultsFourteen studies totaling 10 928 patients were included in the final analysis. There was a 65% reduction in the adenoma miss rate with CAC (OR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.25–0.49, P < 0.001, I2 = 50%). There was a 78% reduction in the sessile serrated lesion miss rate with CAC (OR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.08–0.65, P < 0.01, I2 = 0%). There was a 52% increase in ADR in the CAC group compared with the control group (OR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.39–1.67, P = 0.04, I2 = 47%). There was 93% increase in the number of adenomas > 10 mm detected per colonoscopy with CAC (OR 1.93; 95% CI, 1.18–3.16, P < 0.01, I2 = 0%).ConclusionsThe results of the present study demonstrate the promise of CAC in improving AMR, ADR, PDR across a spectrum of size and morphological lesion characteristics.
Disruption and Credit Markets
Authors: BECKER BO , IVASHINA VICTORIA 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTWe show that over the past half‐century, innovative disruptions were central to understanding corporate defaults. In a given year, industries experiencing abnormally high venture capital or initial public offering activity subsequently see higher default rates, higher segment exits by conglomerates, and higher yields on bonds issued by the firms in these industries. Overall, we find that disruption is a broad phenomenon, negatively affecting incumbent firms across the spectrum of age, valuation, and levers, with the exception of very large and low‐leverage firms, in line with our central hypothesis.
Prevalence of aldosterone breakthrough in dogs receiving renin‐angiotensin system inhibitors for proteinuric chronic kidney disease
Authors: Ames Marisa K. , Vaden Shelly L. , Atkins Clarke E. , Palerme Jean‐Sebastien , Langston Catherine E. , Grauer Gregory F. , Shropshire Sarah , Bove Christina , Webb Tracy 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe influence of aldosterone breakthrough (ABT) on proteinuria reduction during renin‐angiotensin system (RAS) inhibition for spontaneous proteinuric chronic kidney disease (CKDP) has not been determined in dogs.ObjectivesDetermine whether ABT occurs in dogs with CKDPand if it is associated with decreased efficacy in proteinuria reduction during RAS inhibitor treatment.AnimalsFifty‐six client‐owned dogs with CKDPand 31 healthy client‐owned dogs.MethodsProspective, multicenter, open‐label clinical trial. Dogs were treated with an angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker alone or in combination at the attending clinician's discretion and evaluated at 5 time points over 6 months. Healthy dogs were used to determine the urine aldosterone‐to‐creatinine ratio cutoff that defined ABT. The relationship of ABT (present at ≥50% of visits) and proteinuria outcome (≥50% reduction in urine protein‐to‐creatinine ratio from baseline at ≥50% of subsequent visits) was evaluated. Mixed effects logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between clinical variables and outcomes (either successful proteinuria reduction or ABT).ResultsThirty‐six percent (20/56) of dogs had successful proteinuria reduction. Between 34% and 59% of dogs had ABT, depending on the definition used. Aldosterone breakthrough was not associated with proteinuria outcome. Longer duration in the study was associated with greater likelihood of successful proteinuria reduction (P = .002; odds ratio, 1.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2‐2.2).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceAldosterone breakthrough was common in dogs receiving RAS inhibitors for CKDpbut was not associated with proteinuria outcome.
Endothelin receptor antagonists in kidney protection for diabetic kidney disease and beyond?
Authors: Chung Edmund Y. M. , Badve Sunil V. , Heerspink Hiddo J. L. , Wong Muh Geot 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe burden of chronic kidney disease is increasing worldwide, largely due to the increasing global prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension. While renin angiotensin system inhibitors and sodium‐glucose cotransporter two inhibitors are the management cornerstone for reducing kidney and cardiovascular complications in patients with diabetic and non‐diabetic kidney disease (DKD), they are partially effective and further treatments are needed to prevent the progression to kidney failure. Endothelin receptor antagonism represent a potential additional therapeutic option due to its beneficial effect on pathophysiological processes involved in progressive kidney disease including proteinuria, which are independently associated with progression of kidney disease. This review discusses the biological mechanisms of endothelin receptor antagonists (ERA) in kidney protection, the efficacy and safety of ERA in randomised controlled trials reporting on kidney outcomes, and its potential future use in both diabetic and non‐DKDs.
Effects of melodic intonation therapy in patients with chronic nonfluent aphasia
Authors: Marchina Sarah , Norton Andrea , Schlaug Gottfried 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPatients with large left‐hemisphere lesions and post‐stroke aphasia often remain nonfluent. Melodic intonation therapy (MIT) may be an effective alternative to traditional speech therapy for facilitating recovery of fluency in those patients. In an open‐label, proof‐of‐concept study, 14 subjects with nonfluent aphasia with large left‐hemisphere lesions (171 ± 76 cc) underwent two speech/language assessments before, one at the midpoint, and two after the end of 75 sessions (1.5 h/session) of MIT. Functional MR imaging was done before and after therapy asking subjects to vocalize the same set of 10 bi‐syllabic words. We found significant improvements in speech output after a period of intensive MIT (75 sessions for a total of 112.5 h) compared to two pre‐therapy assessments. Therapy‐induced gains were maintained 4 weeks post‐treatment. Imaging changes were seen in a right‐hemisphere network that included the posterior superior temporal and inferior frontal gyri, inferior pre‐ and postcentral gyri, pre‐supplementary motor area, and supramarginal gyrus. Functional changes in the posterior right inferior frontal gyri significantly correlated with changes in a measure of fluency. Intense training of intonation‐supported auditory‐motor coupling and engaging feedforward/feedback control regions in the unaffected hemisphere improves speech‐motor functions in subjects with nonfluent aphasia and large left‐hemisphere lesions.
Genetic architecture of non‐syndromic skeletal class III malocclusion
Authors: Zhou Xi , Zhang Chengcheng , Yao Siyue , Fan Liwen , Ma Lan , Pan Yongchu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNon‐syndromic skeletal Class III malocclusion is a major craniofacial disorder characterized by genetic and environmental factors. Patients with severe skeletal Class III malocclusion require orthognathic surgery to obtain aesthetic facial appearance and functional occlusion. Recent studies have demonstrated that susceptible chromosomal regions and genetic variants of candidate genes play important roles in the etiology of skeletal Class III malocclusion. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of our current understanding of the genetic factors that affect non‐syndromic skeletal Class III malocclusion, including the patterns of inheritance and multiple genetic approaches. We then summarize the functional studies on related loci and genes using cell biology and animal models, which will help to implement individualized therapeutic interventions.
A GntR family transcription factor in Porphyromonas gingivalis regulates bacterial growth, acylpeptidyl oligopeptidase, and gingipains activity
Authors: Qiu Yang , Tan Xuelian , Lei Zixue , Chen Xuan , Chen Jiamin , Gong Tao , Wu Yajie , Li Yuqing , Huang Dingming 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPorphyromonas gingivalis is a keystone pathogen for periodontitis. The function of the GntR family transcription factor is poorly studied in P. gingivalis. Numerous processes govern bacterial growth. The survival and pathogenicity of P. gingivalis depend heavily on its capacity to acquire amino acids as nutritional sources. In this investigation, a GntR transcription factor, pg1007, was identified in P. gingivalis, the deletion of which significantly inhibited bacterial growth. The mutant strain also exhibited an increased extracellular activity of gingipains and acylpeptidyl oligopeptidase (AOP). Global gene expression profiling revealed that the expression levels of 59 genes were significantly altered in the Δpg1007 mutant, with an upregulation in gene expression for AOP, ABC transporters, and some membrane proteins. In addition, His‐PG1007 protein was purified as a recombinant protein from Escherichia coli, and the conserved DNA sequence bound by it was determined using electrophoretic mobility shift assays and DNase I footprinting assays. Consequently, this study demonstrated that pg1007 is a crucial transcription factor in P. gingivalis and regulates the bacterial growth and activity of gingipains and AOP. These findings may enhance our understanding of the regulation of bacterial proliferation and protease activity in P. gingivalis.
Ultrasound‐guided supraclavicular cannulation of left brachiocephalic versus right internal jugular vein: Comparative analysis of central venous catheter‐associated complications
Authors: Falay Diyar , Schindler Ehrenfried , Mikus Marian , Asfour Boulos , Schroth Sylvia , Schenk Alina , Baehner Torsten 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimsCentral venous catheters are essential for the management of pediatric cardiac surgery patients. Recently, an ultrasound‐guided access via a supraclavicular approach to the brachiocephalic vein has been described. Central venous catheters are associated with a relevant number of complications in pediatric patients. In this study, we evaluated the frequency of complications of left brachiocephalic vein access compared with right internal jugular vein standard access in children undergoing cardiac surgery.MethodsRetrospective analysis of all pediatric cases at our tertiary care university hospital over a two‐year period receiving central venous catheters for cardiac surgery. Primary endpoint: Frequency of complications associated with central venous catheters inserted via the left brachiocephalic vein vs. right internal jugular vein. Complications were defined as: chylothorax, deep vein thrombosis, sepsis, or delayed chest closure. Secondary endpoints: Evaluation of the insertion depth of the catheter using a height‐based formula without adjustment for side used.ResultsInitially, 504 placed catheters were identified. Following inclusion and exclusion criteria, 480 placed catheters remained for final analysis. Overall complications were reported in 68/480 (14.2%) cases. There was no difference in the frequency of all complications in the left brachiocephalic vein vs. the right internal jugular vein group (15.49% vs. 13.65%; OR = 1.16 [0.64; 2.07]), nor was there any difference considering the most relevant complications chylothorax (7.7% vs. 8.6%; OR = 0.89 [0.39; 1.91]) and thrombosis (5.6% vs. 4.5%; OR = 1.28 [0.46; 3.31]). The mean deviation from the optimal insertion depth was left brachiocephalic vein vs. right internal jugular vein 5.38 ± 13.6 mm and 4.94 ± 15.1 mm, respectively.ConclusionsAmong children undergoing cardiac surgery, there is no significant difference between the supraclavicular approach to the left brachiocephalic vein and the right internal jugular vein regarding complications. For both approaches, a universal formula can be used to determine the correct insertion depth.