bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of inorganic phosphate solubilizing efficiency and multiple plant growth promoting properties of endophytic bacteria isolated from root nodules Erythrina brucei
Authors: Berza Belay , Sekar Jegan , Vaiyapuri Prabavathy , Pagano Marcela C. , Assefa Fassil 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
In soils, phosphorous (P) mostly exists in fixed/insoluble form and unavailable for plants use in soil solution, hence it is in scarcity. P is fixed in the form of aluminium, iron and manganese phosphates in acidic soils and calcium phosphate in alkaline soils. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria, the ecological engineers play a pivotal role in the mobilization of fixed forms of P by using different mechanisms. The objectives of this study were to evaluate inorganic phosphate solubilizing efficiency and other multiple plant growth promoting traits of Erythrina brucei root nodule endophytic bacteria and to investigate effects of the selected endophytic bacteria on the growth of wheat plant under phosphorous deficient sand culture at greenhouse conditions.

Results
Among a total of 304 passenger endophytic bacteria, 119 (39%) exhibited tricalcium phosphate (TCP) solubilization; however, none of them were formed clear halos on solid medium supplemented with aluminum phosphate (Al-P) or iron phosphate (Fe–P). Among 119 isolates, 40% exhibited IAA production. The selected nine potential isolates also exhibited potentials of IAA, HCN, NH3 and/or hydrolytic enzymes production. All the selected isolates were potential solubilizers of the three inorganic phosphates (Al-P, Fe–P and TCP) included in liquid medium. The highest values of solubilized TCP were recorded by isolates AU4 and RG6 (A. soli), 108.96 mg L−1 and 107.48 mg L−1, respectively at sampling day3 and 120.36 mg L−1 and 112.82 mg L−1, respectively at day 6. The highest values of solubilized Al-P and Fe–P were recorded by isolate RG6, 102.14 mg L−1 and 96.07 mg L−1, respectively at sampling days 3 and 6, respectively. The highest IAA, 313.61 µg mL−1 was recorded by isolate DM17 (Bacillus thuringiensis). Inoculation of wheat with AU4, RG6 and RG5 (Acinetobacter soli) increased shoot length by 11, 17.4 and 14.6%, respectively compared to the negative control. Similarly, 76.9, 69.2 and 53.8% increment in shoot dry weight is recorded by inoculation with RG6, AU4 and RG5, respectively. These nine potential endophytic isolates are identified to Gluconobacter cerinus (4), Acinetobacter soli (3), Achromobacter xylosoxidans (1) and Bacillus thuringiensis (1).

Conclusion
AU4, RG6 and RG5 can be potential bio-inoculants candidates as low cost agricultural inputs in acidic and/or alkaline soils for sustainable crop production.
CXCL1/CXCR2 is involved in white matter injury in neonatal rats via the gut–brain axis
Authors: Yang Can , Feng Zhiyuan , Deng Hong , Dai Lu , He Ling , Yin Linlin , Zhao Jing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to investigate whether CXCL1/CXCR2 mediates intestinal injury or white matter injury by delivering inflammatory mediators through the gut–brain regulation axis.

Methods
Neonatal SD rats, regardless of sex, were administered 3% dextran sulfate sodium via intragastric administration at different time points to construct necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) models. Meanwhile, hypoxia and ischemia were induced in 3 day-old SD rats to construct hypoxic–ischemic brain injury (HIBI) and NEC + HIBI models, without gender discrimination. Hematoxylin–eosin staining was used to observe pathological changes in neonatal rat intestinal and brain tissues. Western blotting detected CXCL1 and CXCR2 expression in NEC, HIBI, and NEC + HIBI rat intestinal and brain tissues.

Results
Compared with normal rats, pathological damage to periventricular white matter was observed in the NEC group. In addition to the increased mortality, the histopathological scores also indicated significant increases in brain and intestinal tissue damage in both HIBI and NEC + HIBI rats. Western blotting results suggested that CXCL1 and CXCR2 expression levels were upregulated to varying degrees in the intestinal and brain tissues of NEC, HIBI, and NEC + HIBI neonatal rats compared to that in the normal group. Compared with the HIBI group, the expression of CXCL1 and CXCR2 continued to increase in NEC + HIBI rats at different time points.

Conclusions
CXCL1/CXCR2 may be involved in white matter injury in neonatal rats by delivering intestinal inflammatory mediators through the gut–brain axis.
Role of CD8+ T cell exhaustion in the progression and prognosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by sepsis: a prospective observational study
Authors: Yan Lei , Chen Yumei , Han Yi , Tong Chaoyang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundCD8+T cells are important for protective immunity against intracellular pathogens. Excessive amounts of antigen and/or inflammatory signals often lead to the gradual deterioration of CD8+T cell function, a state called “exhaustion”. However, the association between CD8+T cell exhaustion and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has not been studied. This study was conducted to elucidate how CD8+T cells and inhibitory receptors were related to the clinical prognosis of ARDS.MethodsA prospective observational study in an emergency department enrolled patients who were diagnosed with sepsis-associated ARDS according to the sepsis-3 criteria and Berlin definition. Peripheral blood samples were collected within 24 h post recruitment. CD8+T cell count, proliferation ratio, cytokine secretion, and the expression of coinhibitory receptors were assayed.ResultsSixty-two patients with ARDS met the inclusion criteria. CD8+T cell counts and proliferation rates were dramatically decreased in non-surviving ARDS patients. Increasing programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) expression on the CD8+T cell surface was seen in patients with worse organ function, while an increasing level of T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (Tim-3) was associated with a longer duration of the shock. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that low CD8+T cell percentages and increased inhibitory molecule expression were significantly associated with a worse survival rate.ConclusionsCD8+T cells and coinhibitory receptors are promising independent prognostic markers of sepsis-induced ARDS, and increased CD8+T cell exhaustion is significantly correlated with poor prognosis.
The role of socio-demographic and health factors during COVID-19 in remote access to GP care in low-income neighbourhoods: a cross-sectional survey of GP patients
Authors: Sana S. , Kollmann J. , Magnée T. , Merkelbach I. , Denktaş S. , Kocken P. L. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Remote consultations were common in general practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. This approach may have affected access to GP care for people with low socio-economic status: this group has a high prevalence of chronic conditions and a higher mortality rate due to COVID-19. This study explores the association of sociodemographic and health factors with the decision to contact a GP practice, and care utilisation, among patients in low-income neighbourhoods in the Netherlands.

Design
Cross-sectional survey study.

Setting
General practice in low-income neighbourhoods in the Netherlands.

Participants
Patients from low-income neighbourhoods were selected from fourteen general practices on the basis of ethnic background, chronic disease or health literacy. Participants were stratified according to categories of these background characteristics to obtain equal numbers per category. A total of 213 surveys were retained for analysis.

Main outcome measures
Need for GP contact, decision to contact a GP practice, and GP service utilisation.

Results
Forty-five percent (N = 88) of the participants experienced health problems for which they wished to consult their GP at the start of the outbreak of COVID-19. A majority of them (81%) had contact with a GP service. The need to contact the GP was significantly associated with financial difficulties (OR 2.20 CI (1.10 to 4.39)). An interaction effect was found of health literacy with concerns about COVID-19 with in respondents with low health literacy a significant association between concerns about COVID-19 and a need for a GP appointment (OR 5.33 CI (2.09 to 13.59)) and absence of a significant association in the higher health literacy group (OR 1.14 CI (0.51 to 2.56)) . Moreover, 56% (N = 74) of the participants received remote care at least one time during the first wave of COVID-19. Female participants used remote care more often (OR 3.22 CI (1.57 to 6.59)) and participants aged 50 and over used remote care less often (OR 0.46 CI (0.21 to 0.97)).

Conclusion
Many patients in low-income neighbourhoods were able to consult a GP, often remotely. However from the equity perspective, access to GP care should be safeguarded for patients with health problems, financial difficulties and low health literacy because of their greater need to consult a GP during times of crisis.
Can the organization of health resource integration be analyzed in terms of the current state of unmet demand for health services? take the health needs of the elderly in a place in zhejiang province, china, as an example
Authors: Gao Li , Wang Bing , Yang Xiaohong , Pan Yongliang , Feng Wenming , Pei Xuedan , Fan Yanfang , Liu Bing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The aging of the population has made the health problems of the elderly increasingly prominent, and their health needs are increasing. Existing studies on health resource integration approaches are mostly incomplete in assessing the health service capacity from the perspective of the health service provider.

Objective
The unmet health needs of the elderly were sampled and analyzed from the perspective of health service demanders. To explore how to build an integrated medical organization structure to better meet the health needs of the elderly.

Methods
A whole-group sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey of 1527 older adults in N district of H city, Zhejiang province, China, to cross-sectionally analyze their current status of unmet health needs.

Results
The survey and analysis found that the needs of the elderly in this community to obtain disease-related knowledge, rational exercise, a healthy diet, and access to health information were not met. There were more patients with chronic diseases, and the top three chronic disease prevalence rates were hypertension (40.2%), dyslipidemia (8.4), and diabetes (7%). Chronic disease co-morbidities accounted for 13.3%.

Conclusion
The relatively independently set up health service system at the present stage in China can no longer fully meet the health needs of the elderly, and the health service providers should provide integrated and continuous health services to meet the needs of whole-cycle health management. Therefore, we believe that effectively integrating various health service providers in the region and building an integrated health service organization with general practitioners as the core may be a solution to the current situation of unmet health needs of the elderly.
A comparison of NAFLD and MAFLD diagnostic criteria in contemporary urban healthy adults in China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Qiling , Zhao Gang , Li Qian , Wu Weiyun , Zhang Yan , Bian Hua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
A recently proposed diagnostic criteria of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is more available for various clinical situations than nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but understanding about differences between NAFLD and MAFLD in clinical practice remains limited in the general adult urban population in China.

Methods
A total of 795 subjects were recruited from Wu Song Branch of Zhongshan Hospital who participated in the general health assessment. Examination results was obtained through analysis of blood samples and abdominal ultrasonography. Participants were divided into four subgroups according to whether they had NAFLD or MAFLD (NAFLD- MAFLD-, NAFLD + MAFLD-, NAFLD- MAFLD + and NAFLD + MAFLD+).

Results
Among the urban healthy adults investigated, 345 people (43.4%) were diagnosed with NAFLD and 356 people (44.8%) with MAFLD. No significant differences in the prevalence, age, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, liver enzyme examination, percentage of overweight, hypertension or dyslipidaemia were found between NAFLD and MAFLD patients. Patients with MAFLD had worse metabolic disorders than NAFLD + MAFLD- patients. The NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) of the NAFLD- MAFLD + group was higher than that of the NAFLD + MAFLD- group. Higher proportion of patients in the NAFLD- MAFLD + group have NFS ≥-1.455.

Conclusion
MAFLD criteria have similar prevalence and patient characteristics compared with previous NAFLD but help to identify a group of patients with high risks of metabolic disorders and liver fibrosis who have been missed with NAFLD, and has superior utility.
Challenges faced by community connectors: lessons learned from a Taiwan public health initiative
Authors: Ni Lee-Fen , Lo Shu-Ying , Chia Shu-Li , Wu Chao-Chun , Chung Fen-Fang , Wang Yu-Hsin , Hsiao Ping-Ru , Lin Chia-Ling , Xiao Xaviera , Lin Chiu-Tzu , Chao Li-Fen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Effective solutions that meet the diverse community health needs of older adult populations are of critical importance. To address these needs, a nationwide community connector team—tasked with providing referral support to older adult populations and completing an asset mapping resource inventory initiative centered around the needs of older adult populations—was developed in Taiwan. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore community connectors’ experiences and challenges.

Methods
Community connectors (n = 26) across four diverse sites participated in focus group interviews in July 2020. Interviews explored the challenges community connectors encountered in their roles; the strategies used to address these challenges; the asset mapping process; and on how they conceptualized their roles. Qualitative content analysis was applied.

Results
Three themes were uncovered: developing community ties, cross-organization interactions and professional conflicts. The findings show that community connectors face hurdles in uncovering community resources and that they experience considerable professional instability. The findings also shed light on the day-to-day approaches used to navigate on-the-job challenges and the steps taken to develop community partnerships.

Conclusions
The experiences of community connectors provide important insights and can serve to illuminate the development of similar initiatives that seek to use community connectors for community health related purposes.
Incidence of falls and fall-related injuries and their predictive factors in frail older persons with cancer: a multicenter study
Authors: Kenis Cindy , Decoster Lore , Flamaing Johan , Debruyne Philip R. , De Groof Inge , Focan Christian , Cornélis Frank , Verschaeve Vincent , Bachmann Christian , Bron Dominique , Van den Bulck Heidi , Schrijvers Dirk , Langenaeken Christine , Specenier Pol , Jerusalem Guy , Praet Jean-Philippe , De Cock Jessie , Lobelle Jean-Pierre , Wildiers Hans , Milisen Koen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Falls and fall-related injuries are a major public health problem. Data on falls in older persons with cancer is limited and robust data on falls within those with a frailty profile are missing. The aim of this study is to investigate the incidence and predictive factors for falls and fall-related injuries in frail older persons with cancer.

Methods
This study is a secondary data analysis from data previously collected in a large prospective multicenter observational cohort study in older persons with cancer in 22 Belgian hospitals (November 2012–February 2015). Patients ≥70 years with a malignant tumor and a frailty profile based on an abnormal G8 score were included upon treatment decision and evaluated with a Geriatric Assessment (GA). At follow-up, data on falls and fall-related injuries were documented.

Results
At baseline 2141 (37.2%) of 5759 included patients reported at least one fall in the past 12 months, 1427 patients (66.7%) sustained an injury. Fall-related data of 3681 patients were available at follow-up and at least one fall was reported by 769 patients (20.9%) at follow-up, of whom 289 (37.6%) fell more than once and a fall-related injury was reported by 484 patients (62.9%). Fear of falling was reported in 47.4% of the patients at baseline and in 55.6% of the patients at follow-up. In multivariable analysis, sex and falls history in the past 12 months were predictive factors for both falls and fall-related injuries at follow-up. Other predictive factors for falls, were risk for depression, cognitive impairment, dependency in activities of daily living, fear of falling, and use of professional home care.

Conclusion
Given the high number of falls and fall-related injuries and high prevalence of fear of falling, multifactorial falls risk assessment and management programs should be integrated in the care of frail older persons with cancer. Further studies with long-term follow-up, subsequent impact on cancer treatment and interventions for fall prevention, and integration of other important topics like medication and circumstances of a fall, are warranted.

Trial registration
B322201215495.
Clinical muscle mass-related biomarkers that predict mortality in older patients with community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Huang Sha , Guo Yan , Chen Lanlan , Wang Yan , Chen Xiaoyan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is associated with elevated morbidity and mortality, and it usually occurs in older adults. Our goal here was to assess the efficacies of muscle mass-related biomarkers, such as, aspartate transaminase/alanine transaminase (AST/ALT) and creatinine/cystatin C*100 (Cr/CysC*100), in predicting 1-, 2-, and 3-year mortalities of older CAP patients.

Methods
Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting and Participants: A teaching hospital in western China. Hospitalized CAP patients, aged≥60 years. We separated patients into a high or low muscle mass group, according to the median AST/ALT and Cr/CysC*100, respectively. We acquired data from medical records and local government mortality databases, as well as telephonic interviews. We analyzed the association between low muscle mass (AST/ALT and Cr/CysC*100) and all-cause mortality at 1, 2, and 3 years in older patients with CAP.

Results
We enrolled 606 patients (58.58% male; median age: 81 years) for analysis. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year mortality in older patients with CAP in the low muscle mass group (AST/ALT) was higher than in the high muscle mass group (AST/ALT) (1-year: 51.16% vs. 36.96%, p < 0.001; 2-year: 54.46% vs. 41.25%, p = 0.001; 3-year: 54.79% vs. 42.9%, p = 0.003). Upon adjustment of potential confounding factors, we revealed, using cox regression analysis, that the low muscle mass group (AST/ALT) experienced enhanced mortality risk at the 1-, 2-, and 3-year follow-ups, compared to the high muscle mass group (AST/ALT) (1-year: hazard ratios (HR) = 1.46, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.13–1.88; 2-year: HR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.09–1.77; 3-year: HR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.06–1.72). The 1-, 2-, and 3-year mortality of older CAP patients in the low muscle mass group (Cr/CysC*100) was also higher than the high muscle mass group (Cr/CysC*100) (1-year: 56.29% vs. 31.91%, p < 0.001; 2-year: 60.26% vs. 35.53%, p < 0.001; 3-year: 61.26% vs. 36.51%, p < 0.001). Compared to the high muscle mass group (Cr/CysC*100), the low muscle mass group (Cr/CysC*100) experienced enhanced mortality risk at the 1-, 2-, and 3-year follow ups (1-year: HR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.46–2.48; 2-year: HR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.44–2.39; 3-year: HR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.44–2.37).

Conclusions
Low muscle mass (AST/ALT and Cr/CysC*100) were associated with enhanced 1-, 2-, and 3-year mortality risk in older patients with CAP.
Influences on intentions for obstetric practice among family physicians and residents in Canada: an explorative qualitative inquiry
Authors: Marshall Emily Gard , Horrey Kathleen , Moritz Lauren R. , Buote Richard , Grudniewicz Agnes , Goldsmith Laurie J. , Randall Ellen , Jones Lori , Lavergne M Ruth 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Many family medicine residency graduates indicate a desire to provide obstetric care, but a low proportion of family physicians (FPs) provide obstetric care within their practice. This suggests personal preference alone may not account for the low proportion of FPs who ultimately provide full obstetric care. If decisionmakers plan to augment the number of FPs providing obstetric care, barriers to the provision of such care must first be identified. Within this paper, we explore the perspectives of both family practice residents and early-career FPs on the factors that shaped their decision to provide obstetric care.

Methods
In this qualitative study, we analyzed a subset of interview data from three Canadian provinces: British Columbia, Ontario, and Nova Scotia (n = 18 family practice residents; n = 39 early-career FPs). We used thematic analysis to analyze data relevant to obstetric care practice, applying the socio-ecological model and comparing themes across participant types, gender, and province.

Results
Participants described influences affecting their decision about providing obstetric care. Key influencing factors aligned with the levels of the socio-ecological model of public policy (i.e., liability), community (i.e., community needs), organizational (e.g., obstetric care trade-offs, working in teams, sufficient exposure in training), interpersonal practice preferences (i.e., impact on family life, negative interactions with other healthcare professionals), and individual factors (i.e., defining comprehensive care as “everything but obstetrics”). Many participants were interested in providing obstetric care within their practice but did not provide such care. Participants’ decision-making around providing or not providing obstetric care included considerations of personal preferences and outside influences.

Conclusions
Individual-level factors alone do not account for the decrease in the type and amount of obstetric care offered by FPs. Instead, FPs’ choice to provide or not provide obstetric care is influenced by factors at higher levels of the socio-ecological model. Policymakers who want to encourage obstetric practice by FPs should implement interventions at the public policy, community, organizational, interpersonal, and individual levels.
Prenatal diagnosis and mRNA profiles of fetal tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Gou Zhongshan , Zhou Yan , Jia Hongjing , Yang Zhong , Zhang Qian , Yan Xinxin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTetralogy of fallot (TOF) in the fetus is a typical congential heart disease that occurs during the early embryonic period, being characterized by the abnormal development of conus arteriosus. The early diagnosis and prevention of fetal TOF is very important and there is a great need for exploring the pathogenesis of it in clinic. In this study, there were three cases being detected with TOF by fetal echocardiogram and confirmed by autopsy. We characterize the difference of expression of lncRNAs and mRNAs through sequencing analysis of 3 pairs of myocardial tissues of fetal TOF and those of age-matched controls. Compared with normal group, there were 94 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 83 mRNA transcripts in TOF (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis between lncRNA and mRNA further showed that differentially expressed lncRNA can be linked to mRNAs, suggesting the potential regulator role of lncRNA in mRNA expression. Our data serve as a fundamental resource for understanding the disease etiology of TOF.