bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breathing pattern, accessory respiratory muscles work, and gas exchange evaluation for prediction of NIV failure in moderate-to-severe COVID-19- associated ARDS after deterioration of respiratory failure outside ICU: the COVID-NIV observational study
Authors: Yaroshetskiy Andrey I. , Merzhoeva Zamira M. , Tsareva Natalia A. , Trushenko Natalia V. , Nuralieva Galia S. , Konanykhin Vasily D. , Krasnoshchekova Anna P. , Avdeev Sergey N. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Data on the efficacy of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) after progression of respiratory failure in patients who have already received oxygen therapy, or CPAP outside ICU is limited. The aim of the study was to find predictors of NIV failure based on breathing pattern, gas exchange, and accessory respiratory muscles evaluation in patients who progressed to moderate-to-severe COVID-19 ARDS. Methods: This was a prospective observational study in patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19-ARDS on NIV (n=80) admitted to COVID-ICU of Sechenov University. Combined success rate for conventional oxygen and CPAP outside ICU was 78.6% (440 of 560 patients). The primary endpoints were intubation rate and mortality. We measured respiratory rate, exhaled tidal volume (Vte), mean peak inspiratory flow (PIF), inspiratory time (Ti), PaO2, SpO2, end-tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO2), and Patrick score, and calculated ROX index, PaO2/FiO2, ventilatory ratio, and alveolar dead space (Vdalv/Vt) on Days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14. For all significant differences between NIV success and failure groups in measured data we performed ROC-analysis.Results: NIV failure rate in ICU after deterioration of respiratory failure outside ICU was 71.3% (n=57). Patients with the subsequent NIV failure were older at inclusion, more frail, had longer duration of disease before ICU admission, and higher rate of CPAP use outside ICU. ROC-analysis revealed that the following respiratory parameters after 48 hours of NIV can serve as a predictors for NIV failure in moderate-to-severe COVID-19-associated ARDS: PaO2/FiO2 <112 mmHg (AUROC 0.90 (0.93-0.97), p<0.0001); PETCO2 <19.5 mmHg (AUROC 0.84 (0.73-0.94), p<0.0001); VDalv/VT > 0.43 (AUROC 0.78 (0.68-0.90), p<0.0001); ROX-index < 5.02 (AUROC 0.89 (0.81-0.97), p<0.0001); Patrick score > 2 points (AUROC 0.87 (0.78-0.96), p=0.006).Conclusion: In patients who progressed to moderate-to-severe COVID-19-ARDS probability of NIV success rate was about 1/3. Prediction of the NIV failure can be made after 48 hours based on ROX index<5.02, PaO2/FiO2<112 mmHg, PETCO2<19.5 mmHg, and Patrick score >=2.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04667923, registered on 16/12/2020. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04667923?term=NCT04667923&draw=2&rank=1
Pirfenidone-loaded Hyaluronic Acid Methacryloyl hydrogel for Preventing Epidural Adhesions after Laminectomy
Authors: ji jiawei , Cheng Jiaqi , Chen Cheng , Lu Yang , Chen Xiaoqing , Zhang Feng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: It is inevitable that scar formation between the spinal dura and surrounding tissues after laminectomy. While extensive epidural fibrosis, which results in limited nerve root activity and severe pain, is the main cause of postoperative failed-back surgery syndrome.Purpose: Novel biomaterials loading effective drug based on reasonable design are eagerly needed for safe and effective prevention of epidural adhesions.Methods: We filtrated a suitable dose of Pirfenidone (PFD) to load Hyaluronic acid Methacryloyl (HAMA) hydrogel in vitro. And then, we compare PFD-loaded HAMA hydrogel with only using PFD or HAMA hydrogels after laminectomy by in vivo studies.Results: We describe a safe and efficient anti-adhesive PFD-loaded HAMA hydrogel that prevents epidural fibrosis through stable and sustained release of PFD. It was shown that the PFD-loaded HAMA hydrogel effectively inhibited cell penetration and suppressed collagen I/III expression. Thus, it effectively prevented the formation of adhesions through pharmacological and physical processes.Conclusion: The PFD-loaded HAMA hydrogel can effectively prevent adhesion formation in both pharmacological and physical barrier effects.
Case Series: Belimumab in Refractory Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Malaweera Aruni , Dayan Sukhpal , Hoi Alberta , Kitching A Richard , Kent Joanna R 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In recent trials for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE),
belimumab (a recombinant human IgG1-monoclonal antibody that inhibits B lymphocyte stimulator), in addition to standard immunosuppression, has been shown to improve renal and non‐renal outcomes. We report our experience using belimumab in two cases of refractory lupus nephritis (LN), where renal remission was not achieved using cyclophosphamide, mycophenolate mofetil and other immunosuppressive medications. In one of the cases, belimumab therapy led to a partial remission of LN, improvement in serological markers of SLE and disease activity, which permitted a reduction in prednisolone dosing. Treatment with efficacious therapies early in the course of LN is a desirable therapeutic strategy, to achieve early remission of proteinuria and curtail the development of irreversible chronic renal damage. Further studies are needed to provide information on the effectiveness of belimumab for maintenance of remission, prevention of flares and monitoring for long term complications of B cell modulation.
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cell activation and correlation of CD69+ MAIT cell frequency with disease activity in patients with psoriasis
Authors: Qiao Lihui , Ding Yuhong , Liu Shirui , Yan Qi , Chen Yang , Zhang Tong , Guo Xiuying , Pei Jin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate lymphocytes that play a specific role in autoimmune diseases. In particular, the frequency and phenotype of MAIT cells in the pathogenesis of psoriasis is not fully understood. Our study examines the frequency and phenotype of MAIT cells sorted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from 53 cases of patients and 44 healthy control.Compared with the healthy control group, the frequency of circulating CD3 + MAIT cells, CD3 + CD8 + MAIT cells, CD4 + CD69 + MAIT and CD8 + CD69 + MAIT cells in psoriasis patients was significantly increased (p < 0.05). While the proportion of CD3 + CD4 + MAIT cells was decreased. Correlations between IL-15 and PASI scores and activated MAIT cells revealed a potential role of MAIT cells in the development of psoriasis. IL-15 was positively correlated with both CD4 + CD69 + MAIT and CD8 + CD69 + MAIT cells. Activated CD3 + MAIT cells and activated CD8 + MAIT cells in patients' serum were both positively correlated with patients' PASI scores, while activated CD4 + MAIT cells and PASI scores were negatively correlated .Our results suggest that the abnormal phenotype of MAIT cells in patients with psoriasis parallels the progression of the disease. These abnormalities may lead to skin and systemic immune disorders in patients with psoriasis.
Bioinspired Spindles using Peptide-DNA Nanotechnology
Authors: Daly Margaret , Nishi Kengo , Klawa Stephen , Hinton Kameryn , Gao Yuan , Freeman Ronit 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Cytoskeletal assemblies produce functionality through multiscale structural reconfiguration by exploiting a family of protein crosslinkers. Inspired by these principles, we designed an array of complementary peptide-DNA monomers able to form multistranded junctions with different geometries and stabilities and tested their effect on the structural organization of co-polymerized filament-forming peptides. In striking similarity to their biological counterparts, the peptide-DNA crosslinkers organized fibers into bundled architectures with base-pair tunable aspect ratios. Controlling solvent or temperature drove assembly through distinct pathways to form different structural and mechanical states exhibiting multiple levels of hierarchy from the same set of components. The thermal reversibility of DNA crosslinks drove structures to form, disassemble, and rebuild over multiple cycles. Sequential transitioning between bundles and fibers using orthogonal triggers enabled the dosed release of proteins to modulate catalytic reactions. This programmable peptide-DNA nanotechnology framework will pave the way towards the design of hierarchical materials with reconfigurable properties.
Lower abundance of human gut virus species is associated with cancer cachexia
Authors: Stang Axel , Weilert Hauke , Illig Thomas , Schmidt Rudi , Burbach Katharina , Gronauer Raphael , Seifert Martin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cancer cachexia has been linked to gut bacterial alterations, but alterations of gut viruses, mostly bacteriophages, have not yet been explored. We performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing of DNA from stool samples of 78 cachectic and 42 non-cachectic cancer patients. K-mer-based matching to reference databases revealed abundance variations of bacteria and viruses. Beyond bacterial alterations, cachectic patients exhibited significantly lower bacteriophage abundance, predominantly affecting Caudovirales and Siphoviridae species (double-stranded DNA) but also Inoviridae and Microviridae families (single-stranded DNA). Machine learning models exploiting the data for classification between cachectic and non-cachectic state yielded an AUC of 0.704. Caudovirales and Siphoviridae species were among the top-most important classifiers. AUC increased to 0.850 with solely antibiotic-exposed samples from 20 cachectic and 10 non-cachectic patients. This study is the first to suggest a link between cancer cachexia and intestinal bacteriophage richness. This could constitute a new basis for hypothesis-driven research in cancer cachexia diagnosis and treatment.
Comparison of mechanical properties of rabbit and human skin decellular scaffolds for alternative uses in tissue engineering
Authors: Khatat Maryam Mousavi , Roshangar Leila , Moharamzadeh Keyvan , Rad Jafar Soleimani , Mehdipour Ahmad 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives: In skin tissue engineering, there is a need for suitable tissue replacements that can be used as scaffolding. The higher similarity of the structural properties and biocompatibility of these scaffolds, the more desirable the alternative will be. Due to this, and considering that this scaffold should be used decellularized if needed, this study was performed on decellularized tissues. this study aimed to study the similarity of mechanical properties of rabbit decellularized derma with human decellularized derm.Methods: Sampling was done in this study as available. A total of 52 rabbit specimens were obtained, which were divided into two groups: decellularized and control. Twelve human specimens were obtained, which were decellularized and controlled. The stress strain of the samples was measured by Zwick / Roell Z010 device. Then, based on the obtained values, Young's modulus was calculated and the mean values in the groups were compared by t-test. Graphpad prism Version 9.0.0 software was used for comparison. A significance level of 0.05 was considered.Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference between the mean Young's modulus of rabbit skin samples before and after decellularization. The results also showed that there was no significant difference between the mean Young's modulus of human skin samples before and after decellularization. Finally, the results showed that there is no significant difference between the mean Young's modulus of decellularized rabbit skin and decellularized human skin.Conclusion: According to the results of this study, detoxified rabbit skin can be a suitable alternative to human skin in tissue engineering in terms of mechanical properties.
Umbilical cord plasma Lysophospholipids and Triacylglycerols Associated with Birthweight Percentiles
Authors: Wong Gerard , Narasimhan Kothandaraman , Cheong Wei Fun , Ng Sharon , Aris Izzuddin M. , Loy See Ling , Bendt Anne , Tan Kok Hian , Yap Fabian , Shek Lynette P , Chong Yap Seng , Gluckman Peter , Godfrey Keith M , Lee Yung Seng , Wenk Markus , Karnani Neerja , Chan Shiao-Yng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Dysregulated transplacental lipid transfer and fetal-placental lipid metabolism affect birthweight, as does maternal hyperglycemia. As the mechanisms are unclear, we aimed to identify the lipids in umbilical cord plasma that were most associated with birthweight.
Seventy-five Chinese women with singleton pregnancies recruited into the GUSTO mother-offspring cohort were selected from across the glycemic range based on a mid-gestation 75g oral glucose tolerance test, excluding pre-existing diabetes. Cord plasma were analysed using targeted liquid-chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry to determine relative concentrations of 404 lipid species across 17 lipid classes. Birthweights were standardized for sex and gestational age by local references, and regression analyses adjusted for maternal age, BMI, parity, mode of delivery, insulin treatment, and fasting/2h glucose, with false discovery-corrected p<0.05 considered significant. Ten lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC) and two lysophosphatidylethanolamines were positively associated with birthweight percentiles, while twenty-four triacylglycerols negatively associated with birthweight percentiles. The topmost associated lipid was LPC 20:2 [21.28 (95%CI 12.70, 29.87) percentile increase in standardized birthweight with each SD-unit increase in log10-transformed relative concentration]. Within these same regression models, maternal glycemia did not significantly associate with birthweight percentile. Specific fetal circulating lysophospholipids and triacylglycerols associate with birthweight independently of maternal glycemia, but a causal relationship remains to be established.
SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence in children and workers from Belgian French-speaking primary schools
Authors: Cremer Kelly , Frère Julie , Chatzis Olga , De Mendonca Ricardo , Minner Frédéric , Kabamba Benoît , Renard Florence , De Keukeleire Mathilde , Linden Dimitri Van der , Robert Annie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, closing schools was discussed as a protective measure to limit the transmission of the virus in Belgium. There was however a lack of evidence on the role of young children in the spread of the virus. We undertook a study among Belgian primary schools in order to assess the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and its relationship with communal incidence, size of schools and socio-economic index.MethodThe prospective non-interventional study was conducted from January 14 to May 18, 2021, into 11 primary schools in Belgium during 6 weeks per school. Schools were purposively selected using extremes on 3 criteria: area with a low/high official COVID-19 incidence after the first wave, small/large size of the school, and low/high socio-economic index of the school. Out of 2488 children and 444 school staff invited to participate, 932 (38%) children and 242 (55%) school staff signed an informed consent. Each participant was tested for COVID-19 antibodies using a rapid finger prick test. Additional analysis was conducted to document the low participation rate.ResultsParticipation of children was positively correlated with participation of school staff (r=+0.33;95%CI [-0.34;0.78]), but the correlation was much stronger with socio-economic index (r=+0.81;95%CI [0.40;0.95]). SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence was lower among children (191/922=21%;95%CI [18-23%]) than among school staff (61/240=25%;95%CI [20-31%]), and it was not correlated with communal cumulative incidence (r=+0.06;95%CI [-0.59;0.67] in children and r=+0.26;95%CI [-0.40;0.74] in school staff). In school staff, seroprevalence was increasing with socio-economic index (r=+0.37;95%CI [-0.29;0.79]), but not in children (r=-0.10;95%CI [-0.66;0.53]). Seroprevalence didn’t present classroom clusters (intraclass correlation coefficient R²=0.08 in children and R2=0.12 in children with school staff).ConclusionIn children, participation was low in schools with a low socio-economic index. Children had a lower seroprevalence than school staff and there were no classroom clusters, suggesting that they are not the transmitters.Trial registrationThe protocol, informed consent forms, and questionnaires were approved by the Hospital-Faculty Ethics Committee Saint-Luc (“Commission d’Ethique hospitalo -facultaire des Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc”) – UCLouvain, approval number: 2020/16NOV/552. It was registered on clinicaltrials.gov on 16/09/2021, identifier number: NCT05046470, and on ISRCTN on 20/04/2022, identifier number: ISRCTN16837012.
An improved fixed-time stabilization problem of delayed coupled memristor-based neural networks with pinning control and indefinite derivative approach
Authors: Yang Chao , Liu Yicheng , Huang Lihong , Li Le 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this brief, we propose a generalized memristor-based neural networks with nonlinear coupling. Based on the set-valued mapping theory, novel Lyapunov indefinite derivative and Memristor theory, the coulped memristor-based neural networks(CMNNs) can achieve fixed-time stabilization(FTS) by designing a proper pinning controller, which randomly control a few neuron nodes of system. Different from the traditional Lyapunov method, this paper uses the implementation method of indefinite derivative to deal with the non-autonomous neural network system with nonlinear coupling topology between different neurons. The system can obtain synchronization in a fixed time and requires fewer conditions. Moreover, the fixed stable setting time estimation of the system is given through a few conditions, which can eliminate the dependence on the initial value. Finally, we give two numerical examples to verify the correctness of our results.
High, low, and non-optimum temperatures exposure on road injuries in a changing climate, A Secondary Analysis Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Authors: cui yiran , Yang Wenyan , Shuai Jingliang , Ma Yulan , Yan Yan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background The warming of the 21st century has made high temperatures a major threat to the global population. Health problems associated with increased ambient temperatures have become a growing public health problem worldwide.Aim To study the attribute to high, low, and non-optimum temperatures of road injuries in 21 regions and global stratified by sex, age, geographic location and socio-demographic status from 1990 to 2019.Methods We used the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) Results Tool to examine the age-standardized death rates and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to road injuries in 2019 by Join-point. Moreover, we report that high, low, and non-optimum temperatures exposure on road injuries for different groups by sex, age, region, and disease. In addition, we examined temporal trends in the burden of road disease caused by high, low, and non-optimum temperatures from 1990 to 2019. Trend analyzes were conducted for major socio-demographic index (SDI) regions.Results Globally, both the age-standardized death rate (ASDR) and DALY declined from 1990 to 2019, with average annual percent change (AAPC) values of −1.3% and −1.2%, respectively. In 2019, the indicators (death, and DALYs) steadily declined with SDI quintile increased in most regions. And road injuries related death and DALYs rate attributed to high temperatures were 0.17 and 8.50 respectively in 2019. From 1990 to 2019, DALYs for road injuries caused by low temperatures showed the most significant upward trend in most regions, especially in low-latitude countries.Conclusions This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the road injury burden caused by high, low, and non-optimum temperatures, which remains high in regions with low SDI. Therefore, special attention should be paid to road injuries in poor countries or in areas with extreme temperatures.
Irisin as a Predictor of Bone metabolism in Han Chinese Young Men with Pre-diabetic Individuals
Authors: Liu Junru , Wang Xing , Fan Dongmei , Sun Lina , Zhang Weinan , Yin Fuzai , Liu Bowei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Irisin is a novel myokine both in mice and humans, and it can also be secreted by adipose tissue and the liver in a small amounts. There are few studies on Irisin and bone metabolism. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between serum irisin levels and bone metabolism and analyze its related factors in Han young male with pre-diabetic individuals.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 41 pre-diabetes and 45 normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Anthropometric measurements, including height, weight, waist circumference (WC), and bone mineral content (BMC), were performed. All patients underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) after 8 h of fasting, and the levels of glucose, insulin, lipids, serum irisin and bone turnover markers were measured.Results: The levels of serum irisin (4.4 ± 1.4 vs. 6.3 ± 1.5 µg/mL), P1NP and OC were significantly lower and CTX was significantly higher in the pre-diabetes group (P < 0.05). BMC did not differ in the two groups (P > 0.05). Serum Irisin levels negatively correlated with BMI(r =-0.325), FPG(r =-0.329), TG(r =-0.339) (P < 0.05) in NGT individuals. Serum irisin levels positively correlated with P1NP (r =0.398), OC (r =0.351), HDL-C (r = 0.432) and negatively correlated with FPG (r = -0.725), 2h-PG (r = -0.360) (P < 0.05) in pre-diabetic individuals. Multiple regression analysis revealed that Serum irisin (β = 9.768, P = 0.025) and WC (β = -2.355, P = 0.002) were significant independent predictors for P1NP.Conclusions: Bone turnover markers were changed rather than bone mineral content in young men with pre-diabetes. In pre-diabetes individuals, serum irisin levels were reduced and close relationship with P1NP. Falling irisin levels may be a predictor of decreased bone formation in Han young men with pre-diabetes individuals.