bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A geometric modelling framework to support the design of heterogeneous lattice structures with non-linearly varying geometry
Authors: Letov Nikita , Zhao Yaoyao Fiona 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Geometric modelling has been a crucial component of the design process ever since the introduction of the first computer-aided design systems. Additive Manufacturing (AM) pushes design freedom to previously unachievable limits. AM allows the manufacturing of lattice structures which are otherwise close to impossible to be manufactured conventionally. Yet, the geometric modelling of heterogeneous lattice structures is still greatly limited. Thus, the AM industry is now in a situation where the manufacturing capabilities exceed the geometric modelling capabilities. While there have been advancements in the modelling of heterogeneous lattice structures, the review of relevant literature revealed critical limitations of the existing approaches. These limitations include their inability to model non-linear variation of geometric parameters, as well as the limited amount of controllable geometric parameters. This work presents a novel geometric modelling methodology based on function representation as an attempt to bridge this gap. The proposed approach avoids the manual definition of geometric parameters and provides a method to control them with mathematical functions instead. A software prototype implementing the proposed approach is presented, and several use-cases are analysed.
Molecular and Toxicological Characterization of aBacillus thuringiensisStrain Expressing a Vip3 Protein Highly Toxic toSpodoptera frugiperda(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Fernanda Vázquez-Ramírez María , Ibarra Jorge E , Edith Casados-Vázquez Luz , Eleazar Barboza-Corona J , Rincón-Castro Ma Cristina Del 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe characterization of the Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) LBIT-418 strain was based on a previous work which indicated its high insecticidal potential. Therefore, toxicological, molecular, and biochemical characterizations were conducted in this work to identify its unique features and its potential to be developed as a bioinsecticide. This strain, originally isolated from a healthy mosquito larva, was identified within the subspecies kenyae by sequencing of the hag gene and by the multilocus sequence typing (MLST) technique. Genes cry1Ac2, cry1Ea3, cry2Aa1 and cry2Ab4, and a cry1Ia were detected in its genome, in addition to a vip3Aa gene. In this research, the latter protein was successfully cloned, expressed, and purified and showed high toxicity towards the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), fourth instar larvae in bioassays using the microdroplet ingestion technique, estimating an LD50 of 21.38 ng/larva. Additional bioassays were performed using the diet surface inoculation technique of the strain’s spore-crystal complex against diamondback moth larvae, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus), estimating an LC50 of 10.22 ng/cm2. Its inability to produce β-exotoxin was demonstrated by bioassays against the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans Maupas and by HPLC analysis. These results support the high potential of this strain to be developed as a bioinsecticide.
The Oral Microbiome and Lung Cancer Risk: An Analysis of 3 Prospective Cohort Studies
Authors: Vogtmann Emily , Hua Xing , Yu Guoqin , Purandare Vaishnavi , Hullings Autumn G , Shao Dantong , Wan Yunhu , Li Shilan , Dagnall Casey L , Jones Kristine , Hicks Belynda D , Hutchinson Amy , Caporaso J Gregory , Wheeler William , Sandler Dale P , Beane Freeman Laura E , Liao Linda M , Huang Wen-Yi , Freedman Neal D , Caporaso Neil E , Sinha Rashmi , Gail Mitchell H , Shi Jianxin , Abnet Christian C 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Previous studies suggested associations between the oral microbiome and lung cancer, but studies were predominantly cross-sectional and underpowered.

Methods
Using a case-cohort design, 1306 incident lung cancer cases were identified in the Agricultural Health Study; National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study; and Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. Referent subcohorts were randomly selected by strata of age, sex, and smoking history. DNA was extracted from oral wash specimens using the DSP DNA Virus Pathogen kit, the 16S rRNA gene V4 region was amplified and sequenced, and bioinformatics were conducted using QIIME 2. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using weighted Cox proportional hazards models.

Results
Higher alpha diversity was associated with lower lung cancer risk (Shannon index hazard ratio = 0.90, 95% confidence interval = 0.84 to 0.96). Specific principal component vectors of the microbial communities were also statistically significantly associated with lung cancer risk. After multiple testing adjustment, greater relative abundance of 3 genera and presence of 1 genus were associated with greater lung cancer risk, whereas presence of 3 genera were associated with lower risk. For example, every SD increase in Streptococcus abundance was associated with 1.14 times the risk of lung cancer (95% confidence interval = 1.06 to 1.22). Associations were strongest among squamous cell carcinoma cases and former smokers.

Conclusions
Multiple oral microbial measures were prospectively associated with lung cancer risk in 3 US cohort studies, with associations varying by smoking history and histologic subtype. The oral microbiome may offer new opportunities for lung cancer prevention.
Pox, Prose, and Prostitution: Masculine Anxiety, the Myth of the Male Author, and the Late-Victorian ‘Exchange Economy’ in George Gissing’s New Grub Street
Authors: Whiting Stephen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
George Gissing’s friend and fellow novelist, H. G Wells, would remember the ‘last decade of the nineteenth century’ as ‘an extraordinarily favourable time for new writers’(H. G. Wells, Experiment in Autobiography: Discoveries of a Very Ordinary Brain, Volume II (Since 1866) (London: Gollancz, 1934), p. 506.). His experience fits neatly with the myths of the successful Victorian male author that were in circulation throughout the century. For the vast majority of writers, however, the reality was quite different. As many scholars have recognized, George Gissing’s 1891 novel, New Grub Street, presents a realistic portrayal of the travails of the average writer trying to live by their pen at the turn of the century. Nonetheless, little work has examined these economic travails against the backdrop of nineteenth-century images of male authorship. Bringing together work on Victorian masculinities, research on cultural depictions of syphilis, and work on the nineteenth-century marketplace alongside current Gissing scholarship and primary sources, this article will argue that Gissing’s novel foregrounds the shared ‘exchange economy’ of prostitution and the literary market to explore specifically masculine anxieties around the male author at the fin de siècle (Monika Pietrzak-Franger, Syphilis in Victorian Literature and Culture: Medicine, Knowledge and the Spectacle of Victorian Invisibility (Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2017), p. 131.). In tracing the interconnections of pox, prose, and prostitution, this article re-negotiates the novel’s relationship with other images of Victorian authorship, as well as using work on cultural depictions of syphilis to position the text in a new field.
The Sclerotinia sclerotiorum-inducible promoter pBnGH17
D7 in Brassica napus: isolation, characterization, and application in host-induced gene silencing
Authors: Lin Li , Fan Jialin , Li Panpan , Liu Dongxiao , Ren Sichao , Lin Keyun , Fang Yujie , Lin Chen , Wang Youping , Wu Jian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR), caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is among the most devastating diseases in Brassica napus worldwide. Conventional breeding for SSR resistance in Brassica species is challenging due to the limited availability of resistant germplasm. Therefore, genetic engineering is an attractive approach for developing SSR-resistant Brassica crops. Compared with the constitutive promoter, an S. sclerotiorum-inducible promoter would avoid ectopic expression of defense genes that may cause plant growth deficits. In this study, we generated a S. sclerotiorum-inducible promoter. pBnGH17D7, from the promoter of B. napus glycosyl hydrolase 17 gene (pBnGH17). Specifically, 5'-deletion and promoter activity analyses in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants defined a 189 bp region of pBnGH17 which was indispensable for S. sclerotiorum-induced response. Compared with pBnGH17, pBnGH17D7 showed a similar response upon S. sclerotiorum infection, but lower activity in plant tissues in the absence of S. sclerotiorum infection. Moreover, we revealed that the transcription factor BnTGA7 directly binds to the TGACG motif in pBnGH17D7 to activate BnGH17. Ultimately, pBnGH17D7 was exploited for engineering Sclerotinia-resistant B. napus via host-induced gene silencing. It induces high expression of siRNAs against the S. sclerotiorum pathogenic factor gene specifically during infection, leading to increased resistance.
Candida auris PCR for high-throughput infection control screening
Authors: Crawford Lucy C , Kidd Sarah E , Anninos Terry M , Turra Mark , Weldhagen Gerhard F 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Candida auris has significant implications for infection control due to its multidrug resistance and spread in healthcare settings. Current culture-based screening methods are laborious and risk muco-cutaneous colonisation of laboratory staff. We describe the adaptation of a published real-time PCR for the identification of C. auris in skin swabs for high-throughput infection control screening. Two published primer and probe sets were analysed utilising serial 10-fold dilutions of 15 C. auris strains to assess the PCR limit of detection. One primer and probe set was compatible with our laboratory workflow and was selected for further development yielding a limit of detection of 1 colony forming unit per reaction. Non-C. auris isolates as well as routine skin swabs (n = 100) were tested by culture and PCR to assess specificity, where no cross-reactivity was detected. Skin swabs from a proven C. auris case (n = 6) were all both culture positive and PCR positive, while surveillance swabs from close contacts (n = 46) were all both culture negative and PCR negative. Finally, the use of a lysis buffer comprising 4 m guanidinium thiocyanate rendered swab-equivalent quantities of C. auris non-viable, providing assurance of the safety benefit of PCR over culture. The development of a PCR assay for high-throughput infection control screening is a promising method for rapid detection of C. auris with utility in an outbreak setting.

Lay Summary
Candida auris, a difficult to treat yeast-like fungus, has spread through healthcare facilities globally, posing a serious threat to the health of patients. We evaluated a PCR-based method suitable for screening large numbers of patient samples to rapidly and accurately detect C. auris.
The sources of apparently non-repeating FRB
Authors: Katz J I 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Repeating and apparently non-repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs) differ qualitatively and are produced by distinct classes of sources. Apparently non-repeating FRBs must actually repeat many times in their lifetimes because there are insufficient catastrophic events to explain their rate. Yet no such infrequent repetitions, in contrast to the frequent activity of FRBs known to repeat, have been observed, constraining their repetition rates. The large gap in energy between FRB 200428 and its much weaker repetitions resembles the large gap in energy between rare giant outbursts of soft gamma repeaters (SGRs) and their lesser outbursts. This phenomenological similarity suggests that the sources of apparently non-repeating FRBs are related to SGRs. Apparently non-repeating FRBs are associated with SGR outbursts more energetic than the 2020 April 28 outburst of SGR 1935+2154 associated with FRB 200428 but less energetic than the 2004 outburst of SGR 1806−20 that had no associated FRB. At 20–1000 times its actual distance, FRB 200428 would have been an apparent non-repeater.
Forecasting cosmological parameter constraints using multiple sparsity measurements as tracers of the mass profiles of dark matter haloes
Authors: Corasaniti P S , Le Brun A M C , Richardson T R G , Rasera Y , Ettori S , Arnaud M , Pratt G W 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
The dark matter halo sparsity, i.e. the ratio between spherical halo masses enclosing two different overdensities, provides a non-parametric proxy of the halo mass distribution that has been shown to be a sensitive probe of the cosmological imprint encoded in the mass profile of haloes hosting galaxy clusters. Mass estimations at several overdensities would allow for multiple sparsity measurements, which can potentially retrieve the entirety of the cosmological information imprinted on the halo profile. Here, we investigate the impact of multiple sparsity measurements on the cosmological model parameter inference. For this purpose, we analyse N-body halo catalogues from the Raygal and M2Csims simulations and evaluate the correlations among six different sparsities from spherical overdensity halo masses at Δ = 200, 500, 1000, and 2500 (in units of the critical density). Remarkably, sparsities associated to distinct halo mass shells are not highly correlated. This is not the case for sparsities obtained using halo masses estimated from the Navarro-Frenk-White (NFW) best-fitting profile, which artificially correlates different sparsities to order one. This implies that there is additional information in the mass profile beyond the NFW parametrization and that it can be exploited with multiple sparsities. In particular, from a likelihood analysis of synthetic average sparsity data, we show that cosmological parameter constraints significantly improve when increasing the number of sparsity combinations, though the constraints saturate beyond four sparsity estimates. We forecast constraints for the CHEX-MATE cluster sample and find that systematic mass bias errors mildly impact the parameter inference, though more studies are needed in this direction.
Systematic evaluation of Copper(II)-loaded immobilized metal affinity chromatography for selective enrichment of copper-binding species in human serum and plasma
Authors: Janisse Samuel E , Sharma Vibha A , Caceres Amanda , Medici Valentina , Heffern Marie C 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Copper is essential in a host of biological processes, and disruption of its homeostasis is associated with diseases including neurodegeneration and metabolic disorders. Extracellular copper shifts in its speciation between healthy and disease states, and identifying molecular components involved in these perturbations could widen the panel of biomarkers for copper status. While there have been exciting advances in approaches for studying the extracellular proteome with mass spectrometry–based methods, the typical workflows disrupt metal–protein interactions due to the lability of these bonds either during sample preparation or in gas-phase environments. We sought to develop and apply a workflow to enrich for and identify protein populations with copper-binding propensities in extracellular fluids using an immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) resin. The strategy was optimized using human serum to allow for maximum quantity and diversity of protein enrichment. Protein populations could be differentiated based on protein load on the resin, likely on account of differences in abundance and affinity. The enrichment workflow was applied to plasma samples from patients with Wilson’s disease and protein IDs and differential abundancies relative to healthy subjects were compared to those yielded from a traditional proteomic workflow. While the IMAC workflow preserved differential abundance and protein ID information from the traditional workflow, it identified several additional proteins being differentially abundant including those involved in lipid metabolism, immune system, and antioxidant pathways. Our results suggest the potential for this IMAC workflow to identify new proteins as potential biomarkers in copper-associated disease states.
LOCL-11 EGFR-MUTATED NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER (NSCLC) LEPTOMENINGEAL DISEASE (LMD) IN A LARGE STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY PATIENT COHORT: INCIDENCE AND OUTCOME
Authors: Mullen Reed , Donahue Bernadine , Alzate Juan , Silverman Joshua , Berger Assaf , Bernstein Kenneth , Kondziolka Douglas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

AIM
Patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC brain metastases (BM) treated with targeted agents +/- radiosurgery (SRS) have increasing life expectancies. Systemic treatment may become less effective in preventing CNS progression as survival is prolonged. We sought to identify subsequent LMD in patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC treated initially with SRS for BM and describe the associated features, treatment, and outcome.

METHODS
Review of our prospective Gamma Knife registry identified 177 patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC between 2005 and 2021 treated with SRS. The EMR was queried for development of LMD, and type of LMD was recorded (focal/nodular or diffuse).

RESULTS
38 (21%) of the 177 patients developed LMD at a median of 10 months (range 1-25 IQR) following SRS. 27 (71%) of these were on tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) at time of LMD diagnosis. Median overall survival (OS) from initial SRS for the entire cohort was 21 months (18-27 95%CI). Median OS after LMD diagnosis was 5 months (2-32 95%CI). LMD was diagnosed radiographically in 35 patients (92%); 20 patients had diffuse, 15 had focal/nodular, and 3 had positive CSF cytology. 26 (68%) had systemic progression synchronously with LMD. 33 (87%) had treatment for LMD including 19 with whole brain radiation therapy, 16 with the addition of or increased dosing of TKI, 6 with SRS for nodular disease, and 9 with intraventricular chemotherapy. The one- and two-year survival rates following the diagnosis of LMD was 21% and 3%, respectively.

CONCLUSION
LMD developed in a substantial subset of our patients, and despite the use of a variety of salvage therapies, survival was poor. Investigation to identify factors correlating with the development of LMD and those related to outcome are ongoing. The development of LMD on TKI in several of our patients supports efforts to pursue development of therapeutic agents with long-lasting CNS efficacy.
All-electrical switching of a topological non-collinear antiferromagnet at room temperature
Authors: Deng Yongcheng , Liu Xionghua , Chen Yiyuan , Du Zongzheng , Jiang Nai , Shen Chao , Zhang Enze , Zheng Houzhi , Lu Hai-Zhou , Wang Kaiyou 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Non-collinear antiferromagnetic Weyl semimetals, combining the advantages of a zero stray field and ultrafast spin dynamics, as well as a large anomalous Hall effect and the chiral anomaly of Weyl fermions, have attracted extensive interest. However, the all-electrical control of such systems at room temperature, a crucial step toward practical application, has not been reported. Here, using a small writing current density of around 5 × 106 A·cm–2, we realize the all-electrical current-induced deterministic switching of the non-collinear antiferromagnet Mn3Sn, with a strong readout signal at room temperature in the Si/SiO2/Mn3Sn/AlOx structure, and without external magnetic field or injected spin current. Our simulations reveal that the switching originates from the current-induced intrinsic non-collinear spin-orbit torques in Mn3Sn itself. Our findings pave the way for the development of topological antiferromagnetic spintronics.
Consideration of others and consideration of future consequences predict cooperation in an acute social dilemma: an application to COVID-19
Authors: van Hulsen M A J , Rohde K I M , van Exel N J A 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In the Netherlands, the COVID-19 pandemic raised an acute social dilemma where citizens could decide whether to comply with the precautionary measures recommended by the government. This paper examines the role of consideration of others (COO) and consideration of the future in explaining cooperation in a social dilemma. Through an online survey (N = 1019), consideration of future consequences (CFC), COO and compliance with the precautionary measures were measured. The data were analyzed by means of Tobit regressions and ordinal logistic regressions. Results show that COO and CFC are both positively correlated with compliance with recommended precautionary measures. Moreover, COO and CFC-future do not interact, although they are positively correlated. Gender, age, perceived risk of COVID-19 infection for others, perceived compliance by others and opinion about government response to the pandemic also have a significant association with compliance. These findings emphasize the importance of COO as well as consideration of the future in the prediction of cooperation in social dilemmas.
TANDEM ZINC-FINGER/PLUS3 regulates phytochrome B abundance and signaling to fine-tune hypocotyl growth
Authors: Fang Weiwei , Vellutini Elisa , Perrella Giorgio , Kaiserli Eirini 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
TANDEM ZINC-FINGER/PLUS3 (TZP) is a transcriptional regulator that acts at the crossroads of light and photoperiodic signaling. Here, we unveil a role for TZP in fine-tuning hypocotyl elongation under red light and long-day conditions. We provide genetic evidence for a synergistic action between TZP and PHOTOPERIODIC CONTROL OF HYPOCOTYL 1 (PCH1) in regulating the protein abundance of PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4) and downstream gene expression in response to red light and long days (LDs). Furthermore, we show that TZP is a positive regulator of the red/far-red light receptor and thermosensor phytochrome B (phyB) by promoting phyB protein abundance, nuclear body formation, and signaling. Our data therefore assign a function to TZP in regulating two key red light signaling components, phyB and PIF4, but also uncover a new role for PCH1 in regulating hypocotyl elongation in LDs. Our findings provide a framework for the understanding of the mechanisms associated with the TZP signal integration network and their importance for optimizing plant growth and adaptation to a changing environment.
The Arabidopsis Rab protein RABC1 affects stomatal development by regulating lipid droplet dynamics
Authors: Ge Shengchao , Zhang Ruo-Xi , Wang Yi-Fei , Sun Pengyue , Chu Jiaheng , Li Jiao , Sun Peng , Wang Jianbo , Hetherington Alistair M , Liang Yun-Kuan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are evolutionarily conserved organelles that serve as hubs of cellular lipid and energy metabolism in virtually all organisms. Mobilization of LDs is important in light-induced stomatal opening. However, whether and how LDs are involved in stomatal development remains unknown. We show here that Arabidopsis thaliana LIPID DROPLETS AND STOMATA 1 (LDS1)/RABC1 (At1g43890) encodes a member of the Rab GTPase family that is involved in regulating LD dynamics and stomatal morphogenesis. The expression of RABC1 is coordinated with the different phases of stomatal development. RABC1 targets to the surface of LDs in response to oleic acid application in a RABC1GEF1-dependent manner. RABC1 physically interacts with SEIPIN2/3, two orthologues of mammalian seipin, which function in the formation of LDs. Disruption of RABC1, RABC1GEF1, or SEIPIN2/3 resulted in aberrantly large LDs, severe defects in guard cell vacuole morphology, and stomatal function. In conclusion, these findings reveal an aspect of LD function and uncover a role for lipid metabolism in stomatal development in plants.