bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and functional validation of human islet microRNAs associated with donor trait
Authors: Wong Wilson K.M. , El-Azzi Isabelle , Nachanekar Aditya , Alvandi Ehsan , Pham Ho Trong Nhan , Sara Mya , Cheng Feifei , Jiang Guozhi , Sørensen Anja E. , Chew Yi Vee , Loudovaris Thomas , Thomas Helen E. , Ma Ronald C.W. , Hawthorne Wayne J. , Dalgaard Louise T. , Joglekar Mugdha V. , Hardikar Anandwardhan A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesHuman islets are widely researched to understand pathophysiological mechanisms leading to diabetes. Sex, age, and body mass index (BMI) are key donor traits influencing insulin secretion. Islet function is also regulated by an intricate network of microRNAs.MethodsHere, we profiled 754 microRNAs and 58,190 potential targets in up to 131 different human islet donor preparations (without diabetes) and assessed their association with donor traits. We further performed mechanistical studies to observe the causal role of the age-associated key microRNAs on relative telomere length in human islets.ResultsMicroRNA discovery analyses identified miR-199a-5p and miR-214-3p associated with sex, age and BMI; miR-147b with sex and age; miR-378a-5p with sex and BMI; miR-542-3p, miR-34a-3p, miR-34a-5p, miR-497-5p and miR-99a-5p with age and BMI. There were 959 mRNA transcripts associated with sex (excluding those from sex-chromosomes), 940 with age and 418 with BMI. MicroRNA-199a-5p and miR-214-3p levels inversely associate with transcripts critical in islet function, metabolic regulation, and senescence. Our functional studies verified that inhibition of these two microRNAs (miR-199a-5p/-214-3p) slowed down telomere length shortening in human islet cells maintained in vitro and demonstrating cellular senescence.ConclusionsOur analyses identify human islet cell microRNAs influenced by donor traits.Graphical abstract
The first archaeal PET-degrading enzyme belongs to the feruloyl-esterase family
Authors: Perez-Garcia Pablo , Chow Jennifer , Costanzi Elisa , Gurschke Marno F. , Dittrich Jonas , Dierkes Robert F. , Applegate Violetta , Feuerriegel Golo , Tete Prince , Danso Dominik , Schumacher Julia , Pfleger Christopher , Gohlke Holger , Smits Sander H. J. , Schmitz Ruth A. , Streit Wolfgang R. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTPolyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a commodity polymer known to globally contaminate marine and terrestrial environments. Today, around 40 bacterial and fungal PET-active enzymes (PETases) are known, originating from four bacterial and two fungal phyla. In contrast, no archaeal enzyme has been identified to degrade PET. Here we report on the structural and biochemical characterization of PET46, an archaeal promiscuous feruloyl esterase exhibiting degradation activitiy on PET, bis-, and mono-(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET and MHET). The enzyme, found by a sequence-based metagenome search, was derived from a non-cultivated, deep-sea Candidatus Bathyarchaeota archaeon. Biochemical characterization demonstrated that PET46 is a promiscuous, heat-adapted hydrolase. Its crystal structure was solved at a resolution of 1.71 Å. It shares the core alpha/beta-hydrolase fold with bacterial PETases, but contains a unique lid common in feruloyl esterases, which is involved in substrate binding. Thus, our study significantly widens the currently known diversity of PET-hydrolyzing enzymes, by demonstrating PET depolymerization by a lignin-degrading esterase.
Deubiquitinase USP1 influences the dedifferentiation of mouse pancreatic β-cells
Authors: Francis Meenal , Sheshadri Preethi , Prasanna Jyothi , Kumar Anujith 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDiabetes is a metabolic disease caused majorly due to loss of insulin secreting β-cells. Along with apoptosis, recent reports revealed dedifferentiation to be the added reason for the reduced β-cell mass. The Ubiquitin Proteasome system comprising of E3 ligase and deubiquitinases (DUBs) control several key aspects of pancreatic β-cell functions. The role of deubiquitinases in orchestrating the dedifferentiation process in several cancers have been well deciphered, but its role in dedifferentiation of pancreatic β-cells remains elusive. In this study, screening for key DUBs that regulate dedifferentiation, identified USP1 to be specifically involved in the process. Inhibition of USP1 either by genetic intervention or small molecule inhibitor ML323 restored epithelial phenotype of β-cells, but not with inhibition of other DUBs. Conversely overexpression of USP1 was sufficient to dedifferentiate β-cells, even in absence of dedifferentiation inducing cues. Mechanistic insight showed USP1 to probably mediate its effect via modulating the expression of Inhibitor of Differentiation (ID) 2. Further, in anin vivostreptozotocin (STZ) induced dedifferentiation mouse model system, treatment with ML323 rescued the hyperglycaemic state. Overall, this study assigns a novel role to USP1 in dedifferentiation of β-cells and its inhibition may have a therapeutic application of reducing the β-cell loss during diabetes.
Probing the conserved roles of Cut in the development and function of optically different insect compound eyes
Authors: Rathore Shubham , Meece Michael , Charlton-Perkins Mark , Cook Tiffany A. , Buschbeck Elke K 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAstonishing functional diversity exists among arthropod eyes, yet eye development relies on deeply conserved genes. This phenomenon is best understood for early events, whereas fewer investigations have focused on the influence of later transcriptional regulators on diverse eye organizations and the contribution of critical support cells, such as Semper cells (SCs). As SCs inDrosophila melanogastersecrete the lens and function as glia, they are critical components of ommatidia. Here, we perform RNAi-based knockdowns of the transcription factorcut(CUX in vertebrates), a marker of SCs, the function of which has remained untested in these cell types. To probe for the conserved roles ofcut, we investigate two optically different compound eyes: the apposition optics ofD. melanogasterand the superposition optics of the diving beetleThermonectus marmoratus. In both cases, we find that multiple aspects of ocular formation are disrupted, including lens facet organization and optics as well as photoreceptor morphogenesis. Together, our findings highlight a generalized role for SCs in arthropod eye form and function and define Cut as a central player in mediating these functions.
Removal ofpomt1in zebrafish leads to loss of α-dystroglycan glycosylation and dystroglycanopathy phenotypes
Authors: Karas Brittany F. , Terez Kristin R. , Mowla Shorbon , Battula Namarata , Flannery Kyle P. , Gural Brian M. , Aboussleman Grace , Mubin Numa , Manzini M. Chiara 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBiallelic mutations inProtein O-mannosyltransferase 1(POMT1) are among the most common causes of a severe group of congenital muscular dystrophies (CMDs) known as dystroglycanopathies. POMT1 is a glycosyltransferase responsible for the attachment of a functional glycan mediating interactions between the transmembrane glycoprotein dystroglycan and its binding partners in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Disruptions in these cell-ECM interactions lead to multiple developmental defects causing brain and eye malformations in addition to CMD. RemovingPomt1in the mouse leads to early embryonic death due to the essential role of dystroglycan during placental formation in rodents. Here, we characterized and validated a model ofpomt1loss of function in the zebrafish showing that developmental defects found in individuals affected by dystroglycanopathies can be recapitulated in the fish. We also discovered thatpomt1mRNA provided by the mother in the oocyte supports dystroglycan glycosylation during the first few weeks of development. Muscle disease, retinal synapse formation deficits, and axon guidance defects can only be uncovered during the first week post fertilization by generating knock-out embryos from knock-out mothers. Conversely, maternalpomt1from heterozygous mothers was sufficient to sustain muscle, eye, and brain development only leading to loss of photoreceptor synapses at 30 days post fertilization. Our findings show that it is important to define the contribution of maternal mRNA while developing zebrafish models of dystroglycanopathies and that offspring generated from heterozygous and knock-out mothers can be used to differentiate the role of dystroglycan glycosylation in tissue formation and maintenance.
Extreme quantile connectedness and spillovers between oil and Vietnamese stock markets: a sectoral analysis
Authors: Mensi Walid , Ziadat Salem Adel , Vo Xuan Vinh , Kang Sang Hoon 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThis study examines the extreme quantile connectedness and spillovers between West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil futures and ten Vietnamese stock market sectors. Knowledge of such links is important to both investors and policymakers in understanding the transmission of shocks across markets.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ the extreme quantile connectedness methodology of Ando et al. (2022).FindingsInitial results show that the size of spillovers is higher during bearish markets than bullish markets and under major financial, political, energy and pandemic events. The oil market is a net receiver of spillovers during downward markets and net contributors during upward markets. The banking sector is a net contributor of spillovers, whereas consumer discretionary and consumer staples are net receivers for different quantiles. The role of the remaining sectors as net receivers/contributors is sensitive to the quantiles. Oil has a large spillover effect on the electricity sector for all quantiles. Comparing all crises, oil offers the best hedging effectiveness to the Vietnamese sector during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis. Moreover, oil was a cheap hedge asset during oil crises. Finally, oil provides the highest hedging effectiveness for healthcare during the global financial crisis (GFC) and consumer staples during the European debt crisis (EDC), oil crisis and COVID-19.Originality/valueAcknowledging the presence of heterogeneity in the relation between oil and economic sectors under different market conditions, this study is the first to examine the extreme quantile connectedness between oil and Vietnamese sectors.
Nonlinear relationship between financial inclusion and inclusive economic development in developed economies: evidence from panel smooth transition regression model
Authors: Timer Sehrish , Raza Syed Ali 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the nonlinear association between financial inclusion and inclusive economic growth (IEG) in developed economies. A Block of G7 countries (Germany, Japan, Canada, France, Italy, the UK and the US) are considered in this study.Design/methodology/approachFor analysis, the authors have employed the “Panel Smooth Transition Regression model.” Annual data consists of the period from 1995 to 2019.FindingsThis research makes a unique contribution to literature with reference to G7 countries, being a pioneering attempt to apply the panel threshold regression model to analyze the relationship between financial inclusion and IEG by applying more rigorous and advanced econometric techniques.Originality/valueThe results indicate that total labor force available in a country, gross fixed capital formation and financial inclusion are positive and significant in lower regimes, but as it moves toward the higher regime, the labor force available in a country becomes less impactful. However, an increase has been observed in financial inclusion in the higher regime. The complete sample generally exhibits a positive yet significant relationship between financial inclusion and inclusive economic development.
Distinguishing signatures of scalar leptoquarks at hadron and muon colliders
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Priyotosh , Karan Anirban , Mandal Rusa , Parashar Snehashis 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhile the hunt for new states beyond the standard model (SM) goes on for various well motivated theories, the leptoquarks are among the most appealing scenarios at recent times due to a series of tensions observed in B-meson decays. We consider SU(2) singlet and triplet scalar leptoquarks separately, which contribute to charged and neutral current B-meson decays. Focusing on the single production of these two scalar leptoquarks, we perform a PYTHIA-based simulation considering all the dominant SM backgrounds at the current and future setups of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The mono-b-jet + $$\not \!\!{p_T}$$

⧸

p
T

finalstate gives the strongest signal for the singlet leptoquark at the 30 TeV LHC or Future Circular Collider (FCC), with a possibility of $$5\sigma $$

5
σ

signal significance with $$\gtrsim 1000$$

≳
1000

fb$$^{-1}$$

-
1

of integrated luminosity, for the chosen benchmark scenarios. The finalstate consisting of a c-jet and two $$\tau $$
τ
-jets provides highest reach for the singlet leptoquark, probing an $${\mathcal {O}}(10^{-1})$$

O
(

10

-
1

)

value of the Yukawa-type couplings for up to 3.0 TeV leptoquark mass. For the triplet leptoquark, "Equation missing" topology is the most optimistic signature at the LHC, probing leptoquark couplings to fermions at $${\mathcal {O}}(10^{-1})$$

O
(

10

-
1

)

value for the leptoquark mass range up to 4.0 TeV. The invariant mass edge distribution is found to be instrumental in determination of the leptoquark mass scale at the LHC. We also perform the analysis at the proposed multi-TeV muon collider, where an $${\mathcal {O}}(10^{-1})$$

O
(

10

-
1

)

leptoquark Yukawa coupling can be probed for a 5.0 TeV leptoquark mass.
Doubly-polarized WZ hadronic cross sections at NLO QCD + EW accuracy
Authors: Le Duc Ninh , Baglio Julien 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe present new results for next-to-leading order (NLO) electroweak (EW) corrections to double polarization signals in the WZ production channel at the LHC using the $$e^+\nu _e \mu ^+ \mu ^-$$

e
+

ν
e

μ
+

μ
-

final state. It is found that the EW corrections are most sizable in the transverse momentum distributions of the doubly longitudinal polarization, being around $$-\,10$$

-

10

% compared to the NLO QCD prediction at $$p_{T,e}\approx 200$$

p

T
,
e

≈
200

GeV, which is in the accessible energy range of the current LHC data.
The Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Debridement and Irrigation Drainage Technique for the First-Stage Treatment of Spontaneous Lumbar Spondylodiscitis: A Clinical Retrospective Study
Authors: Yang Yang , Wang Jingming , Chang Zhengqi 
Published: October 2022

Background. Minimally invasive or open surgery is contentious in the treatment of spondylodiscitis, therefore finding a balance between the two is urgently needed. In this study, we propose a new treatment paradigm for treating spontaneous lumbar spondylodiscitis by percutaneous endoscopic lumbar debridement and irrigation drainage (PELDID). Then, the Pola classification was used to guide subsequent treatment. Methods. From November 2017 to April 2019, this study collected data on 16 patients with lumbar spondylodiscitis who were surgically treated utilizing this treatment paradigm in our department. Clinical effectiveness was determined using the visual analogue scale (VAS), the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), the MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36), and Kirkaldy-Willis criteria. Results. All 16 patients completed the treatment using the above paradigm and were followed up for

28.13
±
10.15

months. The preoperative Pola classification is as follows: 7 cases of type A, 3 cases of type B, and 6 cases of type C. After the first-stage surgery, the evaluation results of Pola classification were as follows: 8 cases of type A, 8 cases of type B, and 0 cases of type C. Four patients received second-stage surgery with internal fixation through the paravertebral multifidus space approach and intervertebral bone graft fusion through the transforaminal approach, and the reoperation rate was 25% (4/16 cases). The Visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and SF-36 score all improved significantly from

2.43
±
0.89

to

0.18
±
0.40
,
from

77.31
%
±
11.15
%
to

16.93
%
±
5.45
%
,
and

from

18.34
±
7.47

to

80.3
±
15.36

. The CRP and ESR decreased dramatically from

49.61
±
48.84

to
12.50
±
12.18

and from

65.56
±
26.89

to

29.68
±
20.68

. There were no recurrences of infection in our study. Conclusions. The paradigm of the first-stage PELDID technique combined with the Pola classification system to guide the second-stage treatment for spontaneous spondylodiscitis is a novel and effective strategy for treating spontaneous spondylodiscitis.
Colocation and the Stoic Definition of Blending
Authors: Helle Reier 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper considers what function—if any—colocation of bodies may have in the Stoic theory of blending (κρᾶσις), by examining (1) whether colocation is part of the definition of what blending is; and (2) whether colocation is posited by the Stoics as a requirement necessary for the definition to be satisfied. I reconstruct the standard, Chrysippean definition of blending, and I show that the answer to (1) is ‘no’; further, I argue that the evidence gives no reason to affirm (2). Thus, it appears that colocation does not have a central function in the Stoic theory of blending.
Description of Ruehmaphelenchus kuroshioi n. sp. and R. interjectus n. sp. (Tylenchomorpha: Aphelenchoididae) isolated from ambrosia beetles, Euwallacea spp. (Scolytinae), from Japan
Authors: Kanzaki Natsumi , Akiba Mitsuteru , Masuya Hayato , Tsujimoto Satoshi 
Published: October 2022

Summary
Two Ruehmaphelenchus species were isolated from the ambrosia beetles Euwallacea kuroshio and E. interjectus, collected from Okinawa and Kagoshima, Japan, respectively. Both nematodes were successfully cultured on a lawn of the grey mould Botrytis cinerea. Morphological observation and molecular characterisation revealed that both species are undescribed; therefore, the nematodes are described herein as R. kuroshioi n. sp. and R. interjectus n. sp. Phylogenetically, both species are closely related to R. formosanus, R. fujiensis, R. digitulus and R. asiaticus. Ruehmaphelenchus kuroshioi n. sp. is characterised by a conical male and female tail, which has a terminal projection (mucron), small male spicule with a weakly-developed triangular condylus, dorsal and ventral limbs that are connected to each other by three different tissues, and clearly separated distal pairs of genital papillae (P3 and P4). However, R. kuroshioi n. sp. can be distinguished from its close relatives by a combination of male and female tail characters and its distinctive phylogenetic status. Ruehmaphelenchus interjectus n. sp. is almost identical to R. formosanus, sharing characteristic lateral spikes of the spicule; they form a well-supported phylogenetic clade. However, R. interjectus n. sp. is distinguished from R. formosanus by morphometric values and ribosomal RNA, i.e., a 6-bp difference from the ca 1.7 kb molecular sequence of the 18S ribosomal RNA of R. formosanus, which warrants independent species status.
International Whaling Commission as a Natural Resource Management Regime
Authors: Viikari Lotta 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Whaling as governed by the International Whaling Commission (iwc) is a global regime of natural resource management, which has experienced significant changes over time. Currently, the iwc regime constitutes a legal framework aiming at protection of both whales and the interests of traditional indigenous whaling populations. The aim of this paper is to examine how the international management of the whale resource has evolved, what kind of an indigenous market it is today and where it might be heading. Although the iwc as a whaling organisation is today geared essentially towards facilitating indigenous whaling, the regime is not indigenous in substance. It is not even a collaborative system. In essence, indigenous whaling within the iwc remains a colonial regime where indigenous interests are subordinate to nation states and Western science. The fundamental ontological mismatch of traditional indigenous conceptions of the world and those on which the iwc is based makes it difficult to introduce changes. Development of participatory rights of indigenous whaling communities within the iwc regime could constitute a procedural first step with potential to contribute to improving also the substantive rights of indigenous whalers. Relational values approach could help to achieve more pivotal ontological change of mindsets to allow indigenous people to gain real agency and organise their relationship with whales in accordance with their worldviews.
Post-1978 Chinese Migration to Brazil: The Qiaoxiang Migration Models and the Rite of Passage
Authors: Shu (束长生) Changsheng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The post-1978 migration of Chinese rural peasants to Brazil can be analyzed using the qiaoxiang (migrant-sending regions) models proposed by Woon Yuen-fong (1996), Minghuan Li and Diana Wong (2017) and by Min Zhou and Xiangyi Li (2014, 2018). From a sending-country perspective, we study two major models of Chinese migration in Brazil: one is the Guangdong qiaoxiang model, and the other, the Zhejiang qiaoxiang model. The first is based mainly on the catering services, especially pastelarias (snack bars), while the second is based mainly on the wholesale and retail business of light industrial imports from China. It is well known that transnational migrations contribute to qiaoxiang development while reinforcing the existing social structures of inequality and uneven development that stimulate further migrations. As a result, migration becomes deeply ingrained on the qiaoxiang culture, a “rite of passage” that young adults must experience in their life. Through the “rite of passage,” qiaoxiang migrations are perpetuated and renovated.
Homeland, Host Country, and Beyond: Identity Transformation among Chinese Migrants in Singapore
Authors: Zhan (占少华) Shaohua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper examines identity transformation among Chinese migrants in Singapore in the context of transnationalism and widespread use of ICT s (Information and Communication Technologies). Based on how strongly migrants identify with the homeland and the host country, the paper constructs four ideal types of identity: transnational, assimilatory, sojourning, and cosmopolitan. The study finds that the most common identity is the transnational sort, characterized by the migrant identifying strongly with both homeland and host country. Nevertheless, migrants also hold other identities including those beyond the four ideal types, demonstrating the diversity and fluidity of migrants’ identity transformation. The paper also examines the factors that affect migrants’ identity transformation.
“Finding the Distant Homeland Here”: Contemporary Indonesian Poetry in Chinese
Authors: Stenberg (石峻山) Josh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article focuses on three themes in contemporary Chinese-language verse from Indonesia: nationhood, language use, and the trauma of history. Through these themes, Chinese-language poets in Indonesia work through the many ways of being a speaker of Chinese in Indonesia, sometimes as an excluded alien, sometimes as a valued ally, and sometimes as an integrated minority. Such work provides unusual perspectives and tones to contribute to the much-discussed questions of Chinese-Indonesian identity, and functions as a reminder that literary corpora diverge within the “same” ethnic minority by linguistic expression. Borrowing a line from one of the most active poets, Sha Ping, this article suggests that Indonesians writing in Chinese are engaged on a quest to “find the distant homeland here” in Indonesia, even as they honor the trauma of history, the achievements of China, and the language of their ancestors.