bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does 8 Weeks of Integrated Functional Core and Plyometric Training Improve Postural Control Performance in Young Rhythmic Gymnasts?
Authors: Cabrejas Cristina , Morales Jose , Solana-Tramunt Mónica , Nieto-Guisado Ainhoa , Badiola-Zabala Alesander , Campos-Rius Josep 
Published: July 2022

It has been suggested that core stability and plyometric training (CPT) can enhance athletes’ postural control. Nevertheless, the effects of an integrated core and plyometric training program on rhythmic gymnastics (RG) performance are unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of an integrated functional CPT program on young rhythmics gymnasts’ postural performance. A sample of 44 young female rhythmic gymnasts from a competitive team (age = 10.5 ± 1.8 years) participated in the study. The subjects were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group. Pre- and posttest design was used. Postural control was assessed using single-leg stance tests and RG-specific balances over a force platform and evaluated by expert RG judges. The experimental group (n = 23) completed an 8-week functional CPT program based on RG technical requirements. Meanwhile, the control group (n = 21) received their usual training sessions. A mixed model of analysis of variance was applied to evaluate the effects of an intrasubject factor and an intersubject factor on each of the dependent variables. After 8 weeks, the experimental group obtained significant better results in some variables of the right support leg with eyes open and left support leg with eyes open single-leg support (p < .01), improvements were also found in some specific RG balances: Arabesque measured on the force platform (p < .01) and the side leg with help balance scored by the judges (p < .01). In conclusion, an integrated functional CPT program improved postural control in young rhythmic gymnasts. Coaches should consider using this CPT to improve RG performance.
Experiences of Normalization of Pain and Injury in Elite Adolescent Basketball
Authors: Joncheray Helene , Chavinier-Réla Sabine , Burlot Fabrice , Dalgalarrondo Sébastien , Fukazawa-Couckuyt Stéphane 
Published: July 2022

The objective of this article was to describe the experiences of normalization of pain and injuries among elite adolescent basketball players and their staff. A total of 10 elite adolescent basketball players, ages 15–17 years and eight members of their staff, were interviewed. Results showed that (a) for both players and staff, being able to normalize pain is considered as a necessity and requires experience; injury is regarded as inevitable and as a way to gain body expertise and (b) technical and medical staffs have difficulties in agreeing on pain and injury management. The originality of the results presented lies in the fact that the elite players interviewed are in training; and that the expectations of the players, the technical staff, and the medical staff were questioned at the same time.
2D Integrable systems, 4D Chern–Simons theory and affine Higgs bundles
Authors: Levin A. , Olshanetsky M. , Zotov A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe compare the construction of 2D integrable models through two gauge field theories. The first one is the 4D Chern–Simons (4D-CS) theory proposed by Costello and Yamazaki. The second one is the 2D generalization of the Hitchin integrable systems constructed by means of affine Higgs bundles (AHB). We illustrate the latter approach by considering 1 + 1 field versions of integrable systems including the Calogero–Moser field theory, the Landau–Lifshitz model and the field theory generalization of the elliptic Gaudin model.
Constraining wormhole geometries using the orbit of S2 star and the Event Horizon Telescope
Authors: Jusufi Kimet , Kumar Saurabh , Azreg-Aïnou Mustapha , Jamil Mubasher , Wu Qiang , Bambi Cosimo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this paper we study the possibility of having a wormhole (WH) as a candidate for the Sgr A$$^\star $$

⋆

central object and test this idea by constraining their geometry using the motion of S2 star and the reconstructed shadow images. In particular, we consider three WH models, including WHs in Einstein theory, brane-world gravity, and Einstein–Dirac–Maxwell theory. To this end, we have constrained the WH throat using the motion of S2 star and shown that the flare out condition is satisfied. We also consider the accretion of infalling gas model and study the accretion rate and the intensity of the electromagnetic radiation as well as the shadow images.
Differential scattering in proton collisions with molecular hydrogen
Authors: Plowman Corey T. , Abdurakhmanov Ilkhom B. , Bray Igor , Kadyrov Alisher S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The recently developed two-centre wave-packet convergent close-coupling approach to proton collisions with molecular hydrogen is applied to calculate various singly differential cross sections. The approach is based on an effective one-electron description of the $${\hbox {H}_2}$$

H
2

target. The angular differential cross sections for elastic scattering, total excitation and electron capture are presented. Furthermore, we calculate the singly differential ionisation cross sections as functions of the ejected-electron energy and angle, as well as projectile scattering angle. Good agreement with available experimental data is observed, providing improvement over previous theoretical investigations into the singly differential cross section for ionisation. Specific mechanisms responsible for electron emission in particular kinematic regimes are identified. It is concluded that the effective one-electron WP-CCC method is capable of providing reasonably accurate results on singly differential cross sections for all included interconnected processes taking place in $${\hbox {p}}+{\hbox {H}_2}$$

p
+

H
2

collisions.

Graphic abstract
Comparing pulsed and continuous laser-induced acoustic desorption (LIAD) as sources for intact biomolecules
Authors: Wang Siwen , Abma Grite L. , Krüger Peter , van Roij Andre , Balster Michiel , Janssen Niek , Horke Daniel A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A major obstacle to the gas-phase study of larger (bio)molecular systems is the vaporisation step, that is, the introduction of intact sample molecules into the gas-phase. A promising approach is the use of laser-induced acoustic desorption (LIAD) sources, which have been demonstrated using both nanosecond pulsed and continuous desorption lasers. We directly compare here both approaches for the first time under otherwise identical conditions using adenine as a prototypical biological molecule, and study the produced molecular plumes using femtosecond multiphoton ionisation. We observe different desorption mechanisms at play for the two different desorption laser sources; however, we find no evidence in either case that the desorption process leads to fragmentation of the target molecule unless excessive desorption energy is applied. This makes LIAD a powerful approach for techniques that require high density and high purity samples in the gas-phase, such as ultrafast dynamics studies or diffraction experiments.

Graphic abstract
TimeStitch: Exploiting Slack to Mitigate Decoherence in Quantum Circuits
Authors: Smith Kaitlin N. , Ravi Gokul Subramanian , Murali Prakash , Baker Jonathan M. , Earnest Nathan , Javadi-Cabhari Ali , Chong Frederic T. 
Published: July 2022

Quantum systems have the potential to demonstrate significant computational advantage, but current quantum devices suffer from the rapid accumulation of error that prevents the storage of quantum information over extended periods. The unintentional coupling of qubits to their environment and each other adds significant noise to computation, and improved methods to combat decoherence are required to boost the performance of quantum algorithms on real machines. While many existing techniques for mitigating error rely on adding extra gates to the circuit [
13
,
20
,
56
], calibrating new gates [
50
], or extending a circuit’s runtime [
32
], this article’s primary contribution leverages the gates already present in a quantum program without extending circuit duration. We exploit circuit slack for single-qubit gates that occur in idle windows, scheduling the gates such that their timing can counteract some errors.

Spin-echo corrections that mitigate decoherence on idling qubits act as inspiration for this work. Theoretical models, however, fail to capture all sources of noise in Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum devices, making practical solutions necessary that better minimize the impact of unpredictable errors in quantum machines. This article presents TimeStitch: a novel framework that pinpoints the optimum execution schedules for single-qubit gates within quantum circuits. TimeStitch, implemented as a compilation pass, leverages the reversible nature of quantum computation to boost the success of circuits on real quantum machines. Unlike past approaches that apply reversibility properties to improve quantum circuit execution [
35
], TimeStitch amplifies fidelity without violating critical path frontiers in either the slack tuning procedures or the final rescheduled circuit. On average, compared to a state-of-the-art baseline, a practically constrained TimeStitch achieves a mean 38% relative improvement in success rates, with a maximum of 106%, while observing bounds on circuit depth. When unconstrained by depth criteria, TimeStitch produces a mean relative fidelity increase of 50% with a maximum of 256%. Finally, when TimeStitch intelligently leverages periodic dynamical decoupling within its scheduling framework, a mean 64% improvement is observed over the baseline, relatively outperforming stand-alone dynamical decoupling by 19%, with a maximum of 287%.
Angiographic Predictors of Outcomes After Balloon Test Occlusion
Authors: Mendez Aldo A. , McCarthy David J. , Tonetti Daniel A. , Desai Shashvat M. , Mountz James M. , Gardner Paul A. , Jovin Tudor G. , Jadhav Ashutosh P. 
Published: July 2022

Background
Balloon test occlusion (BTO) with adjunctive single‐photon emission computed tomography has been used to predict tolerance after permanent internal carotid artery occlusion. Anatomic characteristics of the cerebral circulation might predict BTO outcomes and identify patients susceptible to test failure.

Methods
We performed a single‐center retrospective analysis of patients who underwent internal carotid artery BTO from July 2013 to June 2020. Patients who passed the clinical BTO underwent single‐photon emission computed tomography imaging; technetium‐99m‐ethyl cysteinate dimer was injected intravenously after 15 to 30 minutes of occlusion and induced hypotension. The diameter of the vessels of the circle of Willis was measured angiographically. Single‐photon emission computed tomography imaging hypoperfusion severity was classified as none, mild, low intermediate, high intermediate, and severe. A threshold vessel diameter with most predicted accuracy for BTO failure was created using the Youden index. The threshold value was tested in a logistic regression for prediction of BTO failure and accuracy as represented with a receiver operator curve.

Results

Fifty‐seven patients underwent BTO. Neoplasia was the most common indication (n=43, 75%). Twelve (21.1%) patients failed the clinical BTO. Contralateral dominant vertebral artery (
P
=0.02), smaller anterior communicating artery (ACom;
P
=0.002), and ipsilateral posterior communicating artery (
P
=0.03) diameters were correlated with clinical BTO failure. Smaller ACom was most predictive with an area under the curve of 0.907. The Youden index identified an ACom diameter threshold of 1.1 mm, with a sensitivity of 91.7% and specificity of 77.8% (odds ratio, 0.026 [95% CI, 0.003–0.226]; receiver operating characteristic, 0.847) for predicting BTO failure. Patients with severe single‐photon emission computed tomography asymmetry had significantly smaller‐caliber ACom arteries (ACom median diameter, 0.95 versus 1.4 mm;
P
=0.0073).

Conclusions
Angiographic findings can be used to predict BTO results. A small ipsilateral posterior communicating artery, and more significantly, a small ACom (<1.1 mm) can be used to identify patients who are likely to fail BTO.
Transition to the Fourth Industrial Revolution: Africa’s Science, Technology and Innovation Framework and Indigenous Knowledge Systems
Authors: Oguamanam Chidi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Despite elaborate efforts at Science Technology and Innovation (STI) policy enunciation, Africa has yet to optimally engage with how best to locate and position Indigenous or traditional knowledge (IK/TK) and its stakeholders in the new and emergent technological dynamics often designated as the fourth industrial revolution (4IR) and its bioeconomy components. Given the disconnect over IK/TK systems in African STI policy instruments, the paper argues for a deliberate Indigenous knowledge sensitive continental STI strategy without excluding integral opportunities in other realms such as intellectual property. Such approach to STI is necessary to ensure that Africa is well positioned to leverage and optimise its factor endowments in Indigenous knowledge and underlying systems for its production. Indigenous knowledge is crucial for continental Africa’s participation and ability to benefit from all facets of knowledge production under the 4IR innovation ecosystem. The significance of Indigenous knowledge and its ramification for STI in Africa continues to resonate in the context of the push for equitable access to the benefits of science, technology and innovation especially taking into account the bioeconomy adjunct of the 4IR.
Adopting a Combination of Labour-Saving Mechanisms for Increasing Rural Women’s Participation in Livelihood Strategies in Busega District in Tanzania
Authors: Ngusa Deborah A. , Kilonzo Rehema G. , Ngowi Edwin E. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The paper aims at examining rural women’s adoption of a combination of labour-saving mechanisms such as improved water supplies and harvesting techniques, cooking facilities and means of transport for household chores with its implications in diversifying livelihood strategies in Busega District of Tanzania. The study adopted Diffusion of Innovations Theory to explain the importance of adopting labour-saving mechanisms to reduce rural women’s workload and save time for diversifying livelihood strategies. The study employed cross-sectional research design to collect data from 210 rural women. Household survey, interviews, focus group discussions and non-participant observations were used to collect primary data. Cross-tabulation, One-way ANOVA, five point Likert scale and multiple logistic regression were employed to analyse quantitative data. Content analysis was employed to analyse qualitative data. The study revealed that, 61.43% of rural women were limited to adopt any kind of labour-saving mechanisms. In addition, the multiple logistic regression revealed significant differences at p-value of 0.05 for the likelihood of diversifying livelihood strategies. As such, rural women’s participation in livelihood strategies differed greatly based on the ability to adopt labour-saving mechanisms for reducing the workload of household chores. The study recommends that development stakeholders should implement development programmes centred on increasing prospects of adopting a combination of labour-saving mechanisms for reducing the burden of household chores to save time for diversifying livelihood strategies.
Examining the Prospects of Consociational Power Sharing as a Conflict Resolution Strategy in South Sudan
Authors: Kisaka Michael O. , Nyadera Israel N. , Shihundu Felix 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
South Sudan has not escaped the world’s attention even after the signing of the infamous Revitalized Peace Agreement in September 2018 that for the 12th time brought the two antagonists – Kiir and Dr. Machar – to the negotiation table since the conflict began in 2013. Even with the aura of a shaky peace, the main question is whether the new agreement will stand the test of time going by the history of the failed implementation of peace agreements. This paper recognizes the vital nature of the prevailing peace and questions about whether consociational democracy can be propped up during this period of relative peace. Discussions are hinged on the consociationalism theory that contains a broad array of principles, including power sharing, requisite for consociational democracy. It argues that although South Sudan’s context could favor consociational democracy, there are several barriers characterizing Sudan’s social and political spheres that should be alleviated. We elucidate on the barriers and suggest in broad strokes the need for strong independent institutions and vibrant civil society amongst others. We also recognize that overreliance on individuals in resolving the conflict is detrimental to the young nation, and there is a need for a citizen-centered approach that entrenches consociational principles in South Sudan’s political sphere.
Political Violence and State Culture in Nigeria
Authors: Onyekwelu Chris I. , Maundeni Zibani , Mandiyanike David 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The paper explores the link between pre-colonial state culture and political violence in Nigeria. Relying on secondary sources, the paper demonstrates that pre-colonial Nigerian groups instituted state cultures that were not only divergent, but also hostile and violent to each other. Accordingly, the paper argues that the roots of political violence in Nigeria stems from the violent pre-colonial and colonial state cultures that have endured up to the present period. It also argues that the tendency by post-colonial state elite to promote the continuity of pre-colonial and colonial state cultures that promoted division and violence is an important factor behind Nigeria’s present predicament. Consequently, the paper concludes that curtailing and preventing political violence would require a cultural re-orientation that promotes peaceful co-existence and the implementation of political arrangements that guarantee fairness and inclusivity to all groups in the country.
Whose Responsibility? The Protection of Refugees in East Asia
Authors: Howe Brendan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Many states in the East Asian region (including Northeast and Southeast subregions) are moving away from traditional state-centric governance notions towards accepting a localised variant of ‘sovereignty as responsibility’ that allows for criticism of domestic policies and limited diplomatic pressure in the event of humanitarian crises. There has been acceptance of the cosmopolitan governance principles of human security and the Responsibility to Protect (R2P). Despite convergence on the R2P however, East Asian states maintain a pluralistic understanding of what it implies and its relationship with human security. Furthermore, refugees form one of the most vulnerable groups in the region precisely because of an ongoing resistance in recognising responsibility for their protection. This paper addresses the performance of different agencies of governance (at the national and international level) in fulfilling their R2P obligations towards North Korean refugees and the Rohingya, the two most prominent (and controversial) regional refugee groups.
Conundrums of Religious Conversion in Tribal Areas of India
Authors: Thakur Mridula 
Published: July 2022

India is a land of multiple religions, faiths and beliefs where every individual has the freedom of choice to practice, profess and propagate the religion of their choice. However, the coerced form of conversion has been the subject matter for a long period of time. Recently, there have been different instances of conversion that have been marked by enticements, deception and dishonesty, which is a grave matter of concern in the country. Various state governments have proposed to enact laws and have made amendments and passed ordinances to check conversion in their respective States. This author seeks to draw an overview of the recent issues related to religious conversion, and it looks into the various legislations that have been passed by different states of India to curb it. Emphasis has been laid on changing paradigms and judicial interpretations with respect to religious conversion.
Association between co-residence and loneliness during COVID-19 among sexual minority people in Hong Kong
Authors: Suen Yiu Tung , Chan Randolph CH , Wong Eliz Miu Yin 
Published: July 2022

Background: Research has identified that loneliness during COVID-19 is associated with co-residence status, and individuals living alone were more likely to report loneliness. However, it may not apply to sexual minority people as those living with their family may experience different sexual orientation-related stressors. Aims: This study aims to (1) understand the pattern of living arrangement and loneliness among sexual minority people during COVID-19, (2) examine parental acceptance, family conflict and loneliness among sexual minority people with different living arrangements and (3) investigate the association between parental acceptance and loneliness among sexual minority people with different living arrangements during COVID-19. Method: An online survey with 1,457 Hong Kong sexual minority people was conducted. Results: Sexual minority people living with their partner(s) were less likely to report loneliness. Concurrently, those living with their parent(s) showed a similar level of loneliness as those who lived alone. Living with parent(s) during COVID-19 does not necessarily alleviate feelings of loneliness among them, which we argue may be due to parental unacceptance of their sexual orientation. Nearly half of the respondents stated that their parent(s) were unaccepting of their sexual orientation and 41.8% of them indicated an increase in family conflict during COVID-19. For those living with their parent(s), parental unacceptance is related to more family conflict during COVID-19, which in turn is associated with higher levels of loneliness. Conclusions: Not living with unaccepting parents may reduce family conflict and feelings of loneliness, but this has not been the case for many respondents from a city with high population density and cost of living. Social and mental health service providers need to come up with timely and appropriate interventions to address the unique needs faced by sexual minority people during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Global Ethics of Emotions – What Ancient Chinese Philosophies Can Teach Us
Authors: Eifring Halvor 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article explores what ancient Chinese philosophies can teach us about understanding emotions and relating to them. It posits that emotions are fundamental and connected to everything in the universe, that much of their value lies in their sincerity, that they need to be cultivated to avoid excess and imbalance, and that, like everything else, they are permeated by a cosmic force that is at once transcendent and immanent.
Confucian “Humanity” (ren 仁) as a Resource for a Global Ethics
Authors: Huang Chun-chieh 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article argues that the core value of “humanity” (ren 仁) in the Confucian tradition may serve as a resource for global ethics in the 21st century. After presenting three major questions raised by the COVID-19 pandemic, it proposes a “reconciliation” between Confucian and Western traditions for a solution to the challenges of the pandemic. Confucian “humanity”, based on the idea of interpenetration between what is inside and what is outside, may pave the way to a true “reconciliation” in our era.