bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical literacy: prevents negative impact of clickbait news on news agency website
Authors: Lestari Prihantiyani Margi , Mutia Fitri 
Published: April 2022

PurposeThis study aims to describe the critical literacy of online newsreaders on the viva.co.id website in dealing with clickbait news. Critical literacy is oriented to the critical power of online newsreaders by analyzing, evaluating and reflecting on the relationship of online newsreaders, texts and social and political contexts. This research will focus on the type of clickbait exaggeration or news headlines that use exaggeration.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a quantitative method with a descriptive approach. The purpose of quantitative research is to provide information on a situation by using scientific procedures to answer a question in an actual way (Sugiyono, 2010). Scientific observation is carried out carefully to obtain accurate results on a phenomenon. This study presents an overview of the situation or a phenomenon regarding the critical literacy of online newsreaders on the viva.co.id website in dealing with clickbait titles in Surabaya. The population in this study were all online newsreaders entitled clickbait on the viva.co.id website, where the number of online newsreaders on the viva.co.id website was not known. Sampling in this study used the Lemeshow formula (Lemeshow, 1997, as cited in Priyambodo, 2019). This formula determines the number of samples if the population is not known. Based on the calculation using the Lemeshow formula, it can be seen that the minimum sample size required is 96 respondents who are rounded up to 100 respondents with a 95% confidence level.FindingsBased on the findings of the data recapitulation of the overall dimensions of critical literacy, this study shows that newsreaders entitled clickbait on the website viva.co.id have critical literacy skills that fall into the high category with an overall average of 4.07. This finding shows positive results because critical literacy skills are skills needed by newsreaders entitled clickbait on the website viva.co.id. Currently, online news is very much in number, and it may be that the news is not by the existing facts; therefore, this ability is considered very important because, with this ability, the reader can find out the ideology or interests that affect a news publication (Priyatni, 2010).Research limitations/implicationsThis research only uses an online news provider, namely, viva.co.id, it is an Indonesia-based online news provider that covers all news subjects.Practical implicationsThis study will give understanding about the use of critical literacy to prevent negative impact on clickbait and is very useful for all online newsreaders, information practitioners and scientists.Originality/valueThe use of critical literacy to assess online news is rarely studied in Indonesia, especially when dealing with clickbait news that can harm or bring disadvantages for readers. So, this study is very important to help readers to prevent clickbait news.
Prevalence of the born-global phenomenon in different countries: an integrated perspective
Authors: Prieto-Sánchez Carlos-Javier , Merino Fernando 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
The main purpose of this study is to analyze how factors such as innovation, entrepreneurial spirit and motivation, as well as various economic and environmental factors, affect the creation of born-global (BG) companies.

Design/methodology/approach
The research model was tested through logistic regression techniques to a sample obtained from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor data set for the period from 2007 to 2016.

Findings
Empirical findings suggest that innovation, entrepreneurial spirit and motivation, as well as government policies, contribute to a company’s likelihood of becoming BG.

Originality/value
Recent research has shown interest in the development of explanatory models of BG firms that allow the study of how context and institutions affect the development of international business activities. Following an integrative and a multidisciplinary approach with a temporal dimension, this study expands the literature by comparing countries with different income levels and analyzing macroeconomic aspects along with certain characteristics of the entrepreneur and the environment as possible determinants. This study provides a better understanding of the prevalence of the BG business phenomenon by paying attention to country characteristics and how they affect the traits of individuals.
Virtual reality utility and usefulness in the furniture, fixture and equipment sector: a validation of interactive and distributed immersion
Authors: Prabhakaran Abhinesh , Mahamadu Abdul-Majeed , Mahdjoubi Lamine , Booth Colin , Aigbavboa Clinton 
Published: April 2022

PurposeThe Furniture, Fixture and Equipment (FFE) sector is well placed to leverage virtual reality (VR) technology for competitive and operational advantages; however, the diffusion of VR applications in this sector has followed a steep curve. This study reports on the implementation of two novel VR applications in the FFE sector and also investigates the challenges and benefits associated with their use and adaptability.Design/methodology/approachA sequential exploratory mixed research methodology consisting of three phases was adopted for this study. This included identification of factors that affect/facilitate the implementation of VR (Challenges and Benefits) using experiments during in-house prototyping of VR applications, a rigorous literature review and questionnaire survey to solicit FFE Stakeholder's (n = 117) opinion on the utility and usefulness of the proposed applications and to the understand factors that facilitate and inhibit their implementation in FFE's context, particularly as a design communication and coordination tool.FindingsThe findings of this study revealed that distributed and single-user VR has become essential to digitalising the FFE sector's design communication with improved design communication being regarded as the most important benefit of its use. Conversely, the most critical challenge that inhibits the implementation of these two VR applications in the FFE sector is the perceived cost.Originality/valueThis study provides valuable insight to FFE's stakeholders to devise action plans to mitigate myriad complex and interrelated factors that affect the adoption of virtual reality technology in the FFE sector that are otherwise very hard to understand, and the consequential implementation of any mitigation plans cannot be devised.
Symbiosis and pathogenicity of Geosmithia and Talaromyces spp. associated with the cypress bark beetles Phloeosinus spp. and their parasitoids
Authors: Meshram Vineet , Sharma Gunjan , Maymon Marcel , Protasov Alex , Mendel Zvi , Freeman Stanley 
Published: April 2022

SummaryFungi associated with cypress bark beetles are practically unknown in the Eastern Mediterranean. Our study focused on the fungi associated with the body parts and galleries of two indigenous cypress bark beetles, Phloeosinus armatus and P. bicolor, sampled from Cupressus sempervirens trees in different regions in Israel. Arbitrarily primed PCR, performed on genomic DNA of 302 isolates, clustered the fungal population into five distinct groups. Multilocus phylogeny, split‐network analyses and morphological characterization identified the isolates as Geosmithia omnicola, Geosmithia langdonii, Geosmithia sp. 708b, Geosmithia cupressina sp. nov. CBS147103 and Talaromyces cupressi sp. nov. CBS147104. Of these fungal isolates, G. cupressina and T. cupressi are newly described, and their morphological features and phylogenetic designations are presented. Inoculation of intact cypress saplings in an outdoor net‐house revealed that only the representative isolate T. cupressi sp. nov. CBS147104 causes 100% disease incidence, whereas Geosmithia spp. isolates are not pathogenic. A number of these fungi were isolated from parasitoids that emerged from branch and stem sections colonized by P. armatus. This study suggests a long and stable association between Phloeosinus and Geosmithia species, and a possible role for additional associated fungal species as pathogens or endophytes of C. sempervirens trees in Israel.
Glycine betaine uptake and metabolism in marine microbial communities
Authors: Boysen Angela K. , Durham Bryndan P. , Kumler William , Key Rebecca S. , Heal Katherine R. , Carlson Laura T. , Groussman Ryan D. , Armbrust E. Virginia , Ingalls Anitra E. 
Published: April 2022

SummaryGlycine betaine (GBT) is a compatible solute in high concentrations in marine microorganisms. As a component of labile organic matter, GBT has complex biochemical potential as a substrate for microbial use that is unconstrained in the environment. Here we determine the uptake kinetics and metabolic fate of GBT in two natural microbial communities in the North Pacific characterized by different nitrate concentrations. Dissolved GBT had maximum uptake rates of 0.36 and 0.56 nM h−1 with half‐saturation constants of 79 and 11 nM in the high nitrate and low nitrate stations respectively. During multiday incubations, most GBT taken into cells was retained as a compatible solute. Stable isotopes derived from the added GBT were also observed in other metabolites, including choline, carnitine and sarcosine, suggesting that GBT was used for biosynthesis and for catabolism to pyruvate and ammonium. Where nitrate was scarce, GBT was primarily metabolized via demethylation to glycine. Gene transcript data were consistent with SAR11 using GBT as a source of methyl groups to fuel the methionine cycle. Where nitrate concentrations were higher, more GBT was partitioned for lipid biosynthesis by both bacteria and eukaryotic phytoplankton. Our data highlight unexpected metabolic pathways and potential routes of microbial metabolite exchange.
Metagenomic tracking of antibiotic resistance genes through a pre‐harvest vegetable production system: an integrated lab‐, microcosm‐ and greenhouse‐scale analysis
Authors: Keenum Ishi , Wind Lauren , Ray Partha , Guron Giselle , Chen Chaoqi , Knowlton Katharine , Ponder Monica , Pruden Amy 
Published: April 2022

SummaryPrior research demonstrated the potential for agricultural production systems to contribute to the environmental spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). However, there is a need for integrated assessment of critical management points for minimizing this potential. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing data were analysed to comprehensively compare total ARG profiles characteristic of amendments (manure or compost) derived from either beef or dairy cattle (with and without dosing antibiotics according to conventional practice), soil (loamy sand or silty clay loam) and vegetable (lettuce or radish) samples collected across studies carried out at laboratory‐, microcosm‐ and greenhouse‐scale. Vegetables carried the greatest diversity of ARGs (n = 838) as well as the most ARG‐mobile genetic element co‐occurrences (n = 945). Radishes grown in manure‐ or compost‐amended soils harboured a higher relative abundance of total (0.91 and 0.91 ARGs/16S rRNA gene) and clinically relevant ARGs than vegetables from other experimental conditions (average: 0.36 ARGs/16S rRNA gene). Lettuce carried the highest relative abundance of pathogen gene markers among the metagenomes examined. Total ARG relative abundances were highest on vegetables grown in loamy sand receiving antibiotic‐treated beef amendments. The findings emphasize that additional barriers, such as post‐harvest processes, merit further study to minimize potential exposure to consumers.
Microbial activity and community structure in PM2.5 at different heights in ground boundary layer of Beijing atmosphere under various air quality levels
Authors: Zhang Yongtao , Chen Hanlin , Du Rui , Zhang Sujian , Zhao Hua 
Published: April 2022

SummaryThe outbreak of the COVID‐19 epidemic is a reminder that aerosols have important health effects as a potential route for disease transmission. Biological components in aerosols (especially PM2.5) may pose potential threats to humans as pathogens and allergens. Research on PM2.5 and biological components currently focuses mainly on polluted conditions, with less emphasis on clean environments. Sampling has also been primarily based on a single point with a lack of data at different positions. In this study, a modified fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis method was used to measure microbial activity in PM2.5 at different altitudes over a year in Beijing, China. A high‐throughput sequencing method was used to study the microbial community. Results showed that microbial activity 1.5 m (0.0465 ng m−3) above the ground was higher than 31.5 m (0.0348 ng m−3). There was higher microbial activity at both heights during spring. Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between microbial activity and relative abundance of dominant species. Microbial activity increased during autumn and winter increased alongside the pollution level, but in spring higher levels of microbial activity were observed in excellent or good weather conditions. The results from this study are valuable for further research regarding the biological components of atmospheric PM, the prevention of biological pollution, and establishing a comprehensive air quality evaluation system.
A meta‐analysis study of the robustness and universality of gut microbiota–shrimp diseases relationship
Authors: Sha Haonan , Lu Jiaqi , Chen Jiong , Xiong Jinbo 
Published: April 2022

SummaryIntensive case study has established dysbiosis in the gut microbiota–shrimp disease relationship; however, variability in experimental design and the diversity of diseases arise the question of whether some gut indicators are robust and universal in response to shrimp health status, irrespective of causal agents. Through an unbiased subject‐level meta‐analysis framework, we re‐analysed 10 studies, including 261 samples, four lifestages and six different diseases (the causal agents are virus, bacterial, eukaryotic pathogens, or unknown). Results showed that shrimp diseases reproducibly altered the structure of gut bacterial community, but not diversity. After ruling out the lifestage‐ and disease specific‐ discriminatory taxa (different diseases dependent indicators), we identify 18 common disease‐discriminatory taxa (indicative of health status, irrespective of causal agents) that accurately diagnosed (90.0% accuracy) shrimp health status, regardless of different diseases. These optimizations substantially improved the performance (62.6% vs. 90.0%) diagnosing model. The robustness and universality of model were validated for effectiveness via leave‐one‐dataset‐out validation and independent cohorts. Interspecies interaction and stability of the gut microbiotas were consistently compromised in diseased shrimp compared with corresponding healthy cohorts, while stochasticity and beta‐dispersion exhibited the opposite trend. Collectively, our findings exemplify the utility of microbiome meta‐analyses in identifying robust and reproducible features for quantitatively diagnosing disease incidence, and the downstream consequences for shrimp pathogenesis from an ecological prospective.
Microbial community origin and fate through a rural wastewater treatment plant
Authors: Newton Kymberly , Gonzalez Emmanuel , Pitre Frederic E. , Brereton Nicholas J. B. 
Published: April 2022

SummaryConventional wastewater treatment relies on a complex microbiota; however, much of this community is still to be characterized. To better understand the origin, dynamics and fate of bacteria within a wastewater treatment plant: untreated primary wastewater, activated sludge and post‐treatment effluent were characterized. From 3163 exact sequence variants (ESVs), 860 were annotated to species‐level. In primary wastewater, 28% of ESVs were putative bacterial species previously associated with humans, 14% with animals and 5% as common to the environment. Differential abundance analysis revealed significant relative reductions in ESVs from potentially human‐associated species from primary wastewater to activated sludge, and significant increases in ESVs from species associated with nutrient cycling. Between primary wastewater and effluent, 51% of ESVs from human‐associated species did not significantly differ, and species such as Bacteroides massiliensis and Bacteroides dorei increased. These findings illustrate that activated sludge increased extracellular protease and urease‐producing species, ammonia and nitrite oxidizers, denitrifiers and specific phosphorus accumulators. Although many human‐associated species declined, some persisted in effluent, including strains of potential health or environmental concern. Species‐level microbial assessment may be useful for understanding variation in wastewater treatment efficiency as well as for monitoring the release of microbes into surface water and the wider ecosystem.
A functional Wood–Ljungdahl pathway devoid of a formate dehydrogenase in the gut acetogens Blautia wexlerae, Blautia luti and beyond
Authors: Trischler Raphael , Roth Jennifer , Sorbara Matthew T. , Schlegel Xenia , Müller Volker 
Published: April 2022

SummarySpecies of the genus Blautia are typical inhabitants of the human gut and considered as beneficial gut microbes. However, their role in the gut microbiome and their metabolic features are poorly understood. Blautia schinkii was described as an acetogenic bacterium, characterized by a functional Wood–Ljungdahl pathway (WLP) of acetogenesis from H2 + CO2. Here we report that two relatives, Blautia luti and Blautia wexlerae do not grow on H2 + CO2. Inspection of the genome sequence revealed all genes of the WLP except genes encoding a formate dehydrogenase and an electron‐bifurcating hydrogenase. Enzyme assays confirmed this prediction. Accordingly, resting cells neither converted H2 + CO2 nor H2 + HCOOH + CO2 to acetate. Carbon monoxide is an intermediate of the WLP and substrate for many acetogens. Blautia luti and B. wexlerae had an active CO dehydrogenase and resting cells performed acetogenesis from HCOOH + CO2 + CO, demonstrating a functional WLP. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that many Blautia strains as well as other gut acetogens lack formate dehydrogenases and hydrogenases. Thus, the use of formate instead of H2 + CO2 as an interspecies hydrogen and electron carrier seems to be more common in the gut microbiome.
Variation in prices for an evidence‐based pediatric preventive service
Authors: Kranz Ashley M. , Gahlon Grace , Dick Andrew W. , Goff Sarah L. , Whaley Christopher , Geissler Kimberley H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo examine variation in prices paid by private medical insurers for fluoride varnish applications in medical settings, a newly reimbursed service that few children receive.Data SourcesPrivate‐insurance medical claims from Connecticut, Maine, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island (2016–2018).Study DesignWe examined prices paid for fluoride varnish by private insurers and compared these to prices paid by Medicaid.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsPrivate claims for fluoride varnish during medical visits for children aged 1–5 years. State Medicaid rates for fluoride varnish were obtained from the American Academy of Pediatrics.Principal FindingsPrices paid for fluoride varnish by private insurers varied within and across states, ranging from less than $5 to $50. Median prices closely followed Medicaid rates in three of the four states. In states covering a package of fluoride varnish plus additional preventive oral health services during medical visits, combined Medicaid rates were nearly double the median price paid by private insurers.ConclusionsFluoride varnish is a recommended service, but few children receive it. Price variation may contribute to the low uptake of this service. Ensuring sufficient Medicaid and private insurance rates could increase fluoride varnish applications in medical settings and improve oral health.
Postmortem THC in decedents following legalization of recreational cannabis in Clark County, Nevada
Authors: Neiswenter Sean A. , Tupu Momilani , Cross Chad , Fudenberg John , Harding Brett E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMarijuana is the most prevalent illicit substance used globally. With increasing US legalizing recreational marijuana, more evidence is vital to minimize potential health risks. This study was conducted to test several hypotheses regarding postmortem THC/COOH‐THC in decedents before and after legalization of recreational marijuana in Nevada. We also compared presence of THC/COOH‐THC in decedents with respect to manner of death as recorded by the Clark County Office of the Coroner/Medical Examiner. THC/COOH‐THC concentrations for years 2015–2016 (pre‐legalization) and 2017–2019 (post‐legalization) were compared through an independent samples t‐test and chi‐square tests. A binary logistic regression was used to compare the presence of THC/COOH‐THC with covariates: age, gender, race, and manner of death. The average concentration of THC/COOH‐THC detected per decedent did not significantly differ before and after recreational legalization, whereas the proportion of decedents testing positive for THC showed a small but significant increase following legalization although no significant change in COOH‐THC was detected. The likelihood of testing positive for THC/COOH‐THC decreased as age increased. Sex, race, and manner of death were all associated with the relative risk of presence of THC/COOH‐THC in toxicology reports. An increase in proportion of users but not in concentration of THC/COOH‐THC was observed after legalization. The results are generally consistent with national reports and suggest toxicology data from decedents is a valuable method for surveying marijuana use by the general public. The early adoption of recreational marijuana by neighboring states may have precluded any major changes in use following legalization in Nevada.
For all audiences: Incorporating immature stages into standardised spider inventories has a major impact on the assessment of biodiversity patterns
Authors: Domènech Marc , Wangensteen Owen S. , Enguídanos Alba , Malumbres‐Olarte Jagoba , Arnedo Miquel A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAlthough arthropods are the largest component of animal diversity, they are traditionally underrepresented in biological inventories and monitoring programmes. However, no biodiversity assessment can be considered informative without including them. Arthropod immature stages are often discarded during sorting, despite frequently representing more than half of the collected individuals. To date, little effort has been devoted to characterising the impact of discarding nonadult specimens on our diversity estimates. Here, we used a metabarcoding approach to analyse spiders from oak forests in the Iberian Peninsula, to assess (1) the contribution of juvenile stages to local diversity estimates, and (2) their effect on the diversity patterns (compositional differences) across assemblages. We further investigated the ability of metabarcoding to inform on abundance. We obtained 363 and 331 species as adults and juveniles, respectively. Including the species represented only by juveniles increased the species richness of the whole sampling in 35% with respect to those identified from adults. Differences in composition between assemblages were greatly reduced when immature stages were considered, especially across latitudes, possibly due to phenological differences. Moreover, our results revealed that metabarcoding data are to a certain extent quantitative, but some sort of taxonomic conversion factor may be necessary to provide accurate informative estimates. Although our findings do not question the relevance of the information provided by adult‐based inventories, they also reveal that juveniles provide a novel and relevant layer of knowledge that, especially in areas with marked seasonality, may influence our interpretations, providing more accurate information from standardised biological inventories.