bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A hierarchical spatial unit partitioning approach for fine‐grained urban functional region identification
Authors: Jing Changfeng , Zhang Hongyang , Xu Shishuo , Wang Mingshu , Zhuo Feifei , Liu Sirui 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUrban functional regions (UFRs) are formed and developed with human social actions and can reflect urban land use types. Appropriately identifying UFRs helps solve existing urban problems, optimize the spatial structure of cities, and provide a database for sustainable urban development. Most existing studies focus on developing novel methods and fusing multiple data sources, but neglect the impact of heterogeneous spatial units on UFR identification results. In this work, a hierarchical spatial unit partition approach was proposed to split the research area into many hierarchical units whilst considering the mixed degree of each unit. We further explored its capacity for identifying UFRs by integrating it with three widely used UFR identification methods. The results reveal that our proposed approach can correctly identify 10% more UFRs compared with the traditional grid‐based method, showing the efficiency of our proposed approach for identifying UFRs at a finer scale. This work provides support for those who are engaged in urban planning and urban policymaking, promoting urban sustainable development.
Point‐of‐interest detection from Weibo data for map updating
Authors: Yang Xue , Gao Jie , Zheng Xiaoyun , Fang Mengyuan , Tang Luliang , Zhang Xia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPoints‐of‐interest (POIs) geographic information system data are increasingly important for supporting map generation and navigation services, although updating their semantic and location information still largely depends on manual labor. In this study, we propose a novel method to automatically detect the changes in POIs from Chinese text and check‐in position data provided by the Chinese social media platform, Weibo. The proposed method includes three steps: (1) POI name recognition; (2) location confirmation; (3) and change detection. First, we propose recognizing a POI's name from Weibo text using the improved conditional random field algorithm. Then, we detect the location of each named POI by integrating the text address with the check‐in position. The changes in the detected POIs are recognized by extracting the status words from Weibo text and a three‐level status word database. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, we examine Wuhan as a case and detect the changes in the commercial POI using real‐world Weibo data collected from January to September 2020. Based on the validation of three common map platforms, the data provided and the manual field investigation of 55 random samples, the identification accuracies for newly added POIs, the unchanged POIs, and expired POIs are approximately 100, 95.8, and 91.7%, respectively.
An improved optimization model for crowd evacuation considering individual exit choice preference
Authors: Gao Fei , Du Zhiqiang , Werner Martin , Zhao Yuhui 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGuidance‐assisted crowd evacuation is a process of combining individual exit choice behavior with managers' exit assignment control. The knowledge of individual exit choice preference is of great significance for optimizing global exit assignment planning. This study proposes an improved optimization model for crowd evacuation by integrating the individual‐level exit choice preference analysis with system‐level exit assignment optimization to represent more realistic crowd evacuation decisions. First, the impact factors of individual exit choice behavior are considered in a mixed logit model to predict the probability of each individual choosing each exit in specific situations. Second, a preference‐based exit filtering strategy is designed to analyze the sensible alternative exits for individuals or groups in multi‐scale evacuation cells. Finally, to pursue optimal exit assignment planning, a multi‐objective particle swarm optimization algorithm and an improved social force model are adopted to simulate the process of crowd evacuation and evaluate the performance of the specific exit assignment plans. The case study of an outdoor multiple‐exit scenario in Xi'an, China, indicates that the proposed model can help managers to understand the heterogeneity of individual evacuation behaviors. Furthermore, it will support more reliable and realistic evacuation decisions in real‐life situations than conventional plans that typically implement the top‐n strategy.
Why We Swab: A library of stories in stem cell donation
Authors: Jagelaviciute Gabriele , Kum Elena , Li Edward W. , Rosenfeld Aaron , Williams Kenneth , Kandel Rana , DeGurse Natalie , Park Brady , Okonofua Sylvia , Sano Lauren , Gerofsky Moriah , Sharp Alexander , Hatkar Rupal , Thyagu Santhosh , Fingrut Warren B. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundStories are powerful in their ability to disseminate information in a meaningful way. We hypothesized that a stem cell donation story library optimized for social media could support the education and recruitment of committed unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donors from needed demographic groups.Study Design and MethodsWe developed Why We Swab, a library of stories on stem cell donation (facebook.com/WhyWeSwab; instagram.com/WhyWeSwab; twitter.com/WhyWeSwab), and evaluated its impact across social and traditional media as well as on eligible potential donors' knowledge and attitudes towards donation.ResultsAs of December 2021, the library included 28 story arcs featuring 45 storytellers from diverse ancestral backgrounds, including 8 donor‐recipient stories. Overall, the stories reached >92,000 people across social media. Notably, stories were republished by 18 print/ broadcast media outlets in Canada and by major medical organizations. A series of stories shown to 33 eligible potential donors improved mean total scores on a donation knowledge test (64% to 85%, p < 0.001), reduced mean ambivalence scale scores (3.85 to 2.70, p < 0.001), and improved participants' willingness to register as donors (45% to 73%, p < 0.005). Data are also shown demonstrating that stakeholders valued the library and that its deployment was associated with improved donor recruitment outcomes in Canada.ConclusionWhy We Swab is accessible and relevant to a wide audience, including stem cell donor registries and recruitment organizations seeking to improve their recruitment efforts as well as to blood and organ & tissue donation organizations who can adapt the Why We Swab model to their audiences.
Efficacy of a spot‐on combination of fluralaner plus moxidectin against naturally acquired Sarcoptes scabiei infestation in 10 pet rabbits: Retrospective case series
Authors: d'Ovidio Dario , Santoro Domenico 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundCurrent treatments for sarcoptic mange in rabbits mainly include administration of avermectines every 10–30 days. Recently, a single oral dose of fluralaner has been shown to be effective to treat sarcoptic mange in 12 pet rabbits over a three‐month period.ObjectivesTo retrospectively assess the efficacy of a spot‐on combination of fluralaner plus moxidectin (Bravecto Plus) for the treatment of sarcoptic mange in rabbits.AnimalsTen client‐owned rabbits diagnosed with sarcoptic mange.Materials and MethodsAn application of fluralaner plus moxidectin at an average dose of 25 mg/kg and 1.24 mg/kg, respectively, was administered topically once. Parasitological and dermatological examination was carried out weekly for one month and monthly for three months.ResultsThe median age at diagnosis was 15 (range 3–48) months. Based on the age of onset, there were three juvenile (<6‐month‐old) and seven adult‐onset cases. Of those, four were generalized (head, feet and/or genital area) and six were localized form (head only). The combination of fluralaner plus moxidectin resulted in 100% eradication of mites and complete resolution of all skin lesions within 21 days. Recurrence was not observed 90 days post‐treatment. Relapse was not observed in one case followed up for a further four months and two rabbits followed up for a further six months. The other pets were lost to follow‐up.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThese results indicated that a single dose of a formulation containing fluralaner plus moxidectin, at 25 mg/kg and 1.24 mg/kg, respectively, was effective for the treatment of naturally occurring sarcoptic mange in rabbits.
Outcomes and complications reported from a multiuser canine hip replacement registry over a 10‐year period
Authors: Allaith Sumaya , Tucker Lydia J. , Innes John F. , Arthurs Gareth , Vezzoni Aldo , Morrison Shane , Onyett Jeremy , Stork Christoph K. , Witte Philip , Denny Hamish , Pettitt Rob , Moores Andy P. , Maddox Thomas , Comerford Eithne J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo report outcomes and complications associated with total hip replacements (THR) using a multiuser canine hip registry (CHR) and owner‐administered questionnaire.Study designProspective longitudinal clinical study.AnimalsDogs (n = 1852).MethodsTotal hip replacement cases submitted to a CHR were reviewed. An online questionnaire including an adapted “Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs” (LOAD) score was e‐mailed to owners. Data were analyzed to determine associations between clinical variables and the agreement by veterinary surgeons and owners for complications.ResultsA group of 1329 (72%) dogs had unilateral THRs and another group of 523 (28%) dogs had bilateral THRs, resulting in 2375 THRs. Indications included hip dysplasia and osteoarthritis (n = 2028/2375, 85%). Implants were manufactured by Kyon (n = 1087, 46%), BioMedtrix CFX (n = 514, 22%), BioMedtrix hybrid (n = 264, 11%), BioMedtrix BFX (n = 221, 9%), and Helica (n = 107, 4.5%). Median veterinary surgeon and owner follow up were 1328 and 900 days respectively. Postoperative LOAD scores (21 ± 9) reported by 461 owners improved compared to preoperative scores (11 ± 9) (P < .001). Veterinary surgeons reported complications in 201/2375 (8.5%) THRs and owners in 107/461 (23%) THRs, with moderate agreement (weighted kappa = 0.44). No associations were identified between complications and weight, age, sex, or breed. BioMedtrix BFX and Helica implants were associated with increased complications (P = .031) when used for revisions of femoral head and neck excisions.ConclusionExcellent outcomes, including improved canine mobility, were reported after THRs. Complications were underreported by veterinary surgeons compared to owners in this first multiuser CHR.Clinical significanceCanine THRs are safe, effective procedures but THR implants should be carefully selected when revising femoral head and neck excisions.
Identification of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) ecotypes and the effect of environmental factors on tuber sprouting in China
Authors: Du Long , Gao Xingxiang , Qu Chunjuan , Bai Shuang , Shi Chengren , Jiang Xiaojing , Li Xiao , Ju Qian , Qu Mingjing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) is a widely distributed weed. To evaluate the effect of environmental factors on tuber sprouting in different ecotypes, an inter‐simple sequence repeat (ISSR)‐based genetic analysis approach was used to assess the genetic relatedness among 24 purple nutsedge populations collected in China. Twenty‐one ISSR primers were selected to generate 167 scorable bands. The percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) was 97%, indicating a high level of genetic diversity, and the cluster results largely coincided with the geographical locations. Three ecotypes, HN‐1, HB‐1 and SD‐1 (collected from Hai'nan Island, central China and northern China, respectively), with large genetic and geographic distances from each other, were selected to assess variation in the purple nutsedge sprouting trait. Compared with the other ecotypes, ecotype SD‐1 showed the highest sprouting capacity at constant 15°C and at 10/20°C, and the shortest time to reach 80% sprouting (t80) at constant 20°C and at 15/25 and 20/30°C. The sprouting percentage was very high (95%–98.8%) and without significant differences between the three ecotypes over a pH range between 5 and 9. The osmotic potentials that caused 50% inhibition of the maximum sprouting percentages of HN‐1, HB‐1 and SD‐1 were −0.37, −0.43 and −0.44 MPa respectively. Ecotype SD‐1 appeared to maintain a slightly higher sprouting percentage under osmotic stress, but the difference was not significant. These findings suggest that the higher tolerance to lower temperatures and drought of ecotype SD‐1 might be an adaptation to lower winter temperature and drier climatic conditions in North China. Abundant genetic diversity may be a potential factor that endows purple nutsedge with strong environmental adaptability.
Parent and carer experiences of health care professionals’ communication about childhood obesity: a qualitative systematic review protocol
Authors: Koivumäki Terhi , Kääriäinen Maria , Tuomikoski Anna-Maria , Kaunonen Marja 
Published: September 2022

Objective:
The objective of the systematic review is to identify, critically appraise, and synthesize the best available qualitative evidence on parent and carer experiences of health care professionals’ communication about childhood obesity.

Introduction:
Parents and carers play a key role in a child’s environment and healthy development, which is why they can find it confronting to discuss their child’s weight. This review will provide an insight into the experiences of parents and carers with health care professionals’ communication about their child's overweight or obesity.

Inclusion criteria:
This qualitative review will consider participants who are parents and carers with a child with overweight or obesity (birth to 12 years). The phenomenon of interest is parents’ and carers’ lived experiences of childhood obesity communication from a health care professional, and the context is health care settings. Communication includes verbal or written communication about a child's obesity from health care professionals received by a parent or carer.

Methods:
The proposed review will systematically search the following databases: MEDLINE (EBSCO), CINAHL (EBSCO), PsycINFO (Ovid), Scopus, LILACS, and the Finnish health sciences database MEDIC. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses (ProQuest) will be searched for unpublished articles. A manual search will supplement the database searches. The quality of included studies will be assessed independently by 2 reviewers, and the qualitative data will be extracted from papers by 2 independent reviewers using the standardized JBI data extraction tool. The recommended JBI approach to critical appraisal, study selection, data extraction, and data synthesis meta-aggregation will be used.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42022297709
Investigation of Gas Turbine Internal Cooling Using Supercritical CO2—Effect of Surface Roughness and Channel Aspect Ratio
Authors: Roy Arnab , Searle Matthew , Ramesh Sridharan , Straub Douglas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this paper, an experimental and numerical investigation of internal cooling channels with rib turbulators is presented with sCO2 as the working fluid at process conditions (pressure-20.7 MPa and temperature up to 150 °C). The effect of channel aspect ratio up to 2:1 on thermal-hydraulic performance is explored in additively manufactured rectangular channels and square channels, both with and without 60 deg ribs on the top and bottom sides. The Wilson-plot method is employed to experimentally measure channel-averaged Nusselt number over a Reynolds number range up to 370,000. The friction factor is calculated from pressure drop and mass flow rate and additionally, the overall thermal performance factor (TPF) is reported. A companion computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation is performed for the rib turbulated cooling configurations reported in the experiments using the Reynolds average Navier–Stokes-based turbulence model. The objective of the numerical study is to gain insight into the local heat transfer augmentation in the ribbed channels as a result of varying the aspect ratio, channel configuration (square versus rectangular), operating conditions (Reynolds number) and the surface roughness, an inherent outcome of the additive manufacturing process. Surface roughness is simulated using sand grain roughness height (KS) calculated from the experimental data, and a comparison is presented with the corresponding channel configuration with varying surface roughness heights starting from smooth surfaces (KS = 0). Experimental results indicate that the heat transfer augmentation is negligible in the rectangular channels with ribs on the long side compared to the square channel. However, it is enhanced by 60% in comparison to placing ribs on the shorter side. The TPF remains constant at around 1 for the entire range of Reynolds numbers consistent with prior work at the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL). The simulation results highlight that increased surface roughness can have a favorable considerable influence on Nusselt number and overall thermal performance enhancement.
Film Cooling and Cold Streaks Tracking on a Fully Cooled Nozzle Guide Vane Under Representative Combustor Outflow Conditions
Authors: Babazzi G. , Bacci T. , Picchi A. , Facchini B. , Cubeda S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The pronounced nonuniform temperature distribution in the core engine flow path is a recurring problem of gas turbine engine design process. Specifically, turbine entry conditions are usually characterized by severe temperature distortions, often referred to as hot and cold streaks, ascribed to combustor burners and combustor liners cooling systems. Temperature distortions remain an issue even at the exit section of the nozzle guide vane (NGV), where additional cold streaks coming from the vane film-cooling system are injected into the flow. A precise knowledge of thermal field and its evolution is thus essential to mitigate their impact on turbine performance and lifetime. Various studies focus on the description of streaks migration through a direct investigation of the thermal field, providing an effective evaluation of the global phenomenon. As a deeper understanding is often required, experimental techniques based on the detection of tracer gases can be successfully adopted. In this study, a realistic combustor outlet swirl profile was imposed on a fully cooled NGV cascade to analyze both film-cooling behavior and cold streaks migration and redirection. A concentration probe based on the fluorescence behavior of an oxygen sensor, fully characterized in a previous work, was here employed to track the position of the film cooling flows at the NGV cascade exit plane, while the adiabatic film-cooling effectiveness was evaluated on the NGV surfaces employing the pressure sensitive paint (PSP) technique. Overall, the swirling structure strongly affects both the film-cooling behavior and cold streaks migration through and downstream the vane. The importance of examining the unsteady aspect is also highlighted to better estimate actual components operating temperatures. A global understanding of the occurring phenomena is therefore provided, as well as significant pieces of information that can be extremely useful for the design phases of both the NGV and the following rotor cascade.
Gait Phase Detection in Walking and Stairs Using Machine Learning
Authors: Bauman Valerie V. , Brandon Scott C. E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Machine learning-based activity and gait phase recognition algorithms are used in powered motion assistive devices to inform control of motorized components. The objective of this study was to develop a supervised multiclass classifier to simultaneously detect activity and gait phase (stance, swing) in real-world walking, stair ascent, and stair descent using inertial measurement data from the thigh and shank. The intended use of this algorithm was for control of a motion assistive device local to the knee. Using data from 80 participants, two decision trees and five long short-term memory (LSTM) models that each used different feature sets were initially tested and evaluated using a novel performance metric: proportion of perfectly classified strides (PPCS). Based on the PPCS of these initial models, five additional posthoc LSTM models were tested. Separate models were developed to classify (i) both activity and gait phase simultaneously (one model predicting six states), and (ii) activity-specific models (three individual binary classifiers predicting stance/swing phases). The superior activity-specific model had an accuracy of 98.0% and PPCS of 55.7%. The superior six-phase model used filtered inertial measurement data as its features and a median filter on its predictions and had an accuracy of 92.1% and PPCS of 22.9%. Pooling stance and swing phases from all activities and treating this model as a binary classifier, this model had an accuracy of 97.1%, which may be acceptable for real-world lower limb exoskeleton control if only stance and swing gait phases must be detected. Keywords: machine learning, deep learning, inertial measurement unit, activity recognition, gait.
Numerical Investigation of Air Entrainment and Outlet Temperature Characteristics of a Convex-Type Infrared Suppression Device
Authors: Mishra Sachin K. , Barik Ashok K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInfrared suppression devices (IRS) are frequently used in naval/cargo ships to passively entrain an additional amount of cold air from the atmosphere, and mix it with the hot plume so as to suppress its temperature, and the IR signature. In this work, a convex-type IRS device has been proposed consisting of five numbers of the convex-type funnels. The air entrainment ratio has been numerically computed by solving the transport equations (i.e., mass, momentum, energy, turbulent kinetic energy, and its dissipation rate in a structured grid arrangement by employing a pressure-based finite volume solver in ansysfluent. The pertinent parameters like the Reynolds number, inlet temperature ratio, convex-radius ratio, and funnel-overlap height have been varied in the range of −1.5 × 105 to 1.5 × 106, 1.243 to 2.576, 0.834 to 1, and 0 to 0.326, respectively. It has been observed that the air entrainment ratio increases with both the Reynolds number and convex-radius ratio for the considered temperature ratios. An optimum convex-radius ratio (=0.909) has been obtained, where the air entrainment and the outlet temperature become the maximum and the minimum, respectively. Both the inlet temperature ratio and overlap height significantly improve intake of cold air into the IRS device due to the additional buoyancy force, and the enhanced area availability for air the ingestion. The convex-type IRS device performs better than a cylindrical-type IRS device. A nonlinear regression model based on the Levenberg-Marquardt (L-M) method has been deployed to develop a correlation equation for the air entrainment.