bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal trends in alcohol, cannabis, and simultaneous use among 12th‐grade U.S. adolescents from 2000 to 2020: Differences by sex, parental education, and race and ethnicity
Authors: Keyes Katherine M. , Kaur Navdep , Kreski Noah T. , Chen Qixuan , Martins Silvia S. , Hasin Deborah , Olfson Mark , Mauro Pia M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundSimultaneous use of alcohol and cannabis to enhance each other's effect can cause potential harm. Time trends are diverging in adolescent use of alcohol, which is declining, and cannabis, which is increasing among certain subgroups. However, little is known about trends in their simultaneous and non‐simultaneous use. Racial and socioeconomic disparities are emerging in cannabis use, which may portend consequences to public health.MethodsThe 2000 to 2020 Monitoring the Future surveys included approximately 38,000 U.S. 12th‐grade students with information on simultaneous use and pertinent demographic factors. A 5‐level alcohol/cannabis measure included past‐year simultaneous use (i.e., alcohol and cannabis use at the same time), non‐simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use, alcohol‐use‐only, cannabis‐use‐only, and no use. Multinomial logistic regressions estimated associations (adjusted relative risk ratios; aRRR) with time period (2000 to 2004, 2005 to 2009, 2010 to 2014, 2015 to 2020). Models were adjusted and included interactions with sex, race/ethnicity, and parental education.ResultsBetween 2000 and 2020, simultaneous alcohol/cannabis use among 12th graders decreased from 24.4% to 18.7%. From 2015 to 2020 compared to 2000 to 2004, the odds of simultaneous use (adjusted relative risk ratio (aRRR) vs. no use = 0.57, 95% CI [0.50, 0.66]) and alcohol‐use‐only (aRRR = 0.55, 95% CI [0.49, 0.61]) decreased, while cannabis‐use‐only odds increased (aRRR = 2.59, 95% CI [1.87, 3.59]). Notably, the prevalence of cannabis‐use‐only more than doubled from 2011 to 2019. The odds of simultaneous use, alcohol‐use‐only, and non‐simultaneous use of alcohol and cannabis declined more rapidly among males than females, whereas the odds for cannabis‐use‐only increased faster for females than males. Increases in cannabis‐use‐only were faster for non‐white adolescents.ConclusionSimultaneous use of alcohol and cannabis is declining among U.S. adolescents, but the decline is slower among females than males. Declines in simultaneous use are largely concomitant with historical declines in alcohol use, indicating that a continued focus on reducing alcohol use among adolescents and young adults has extended benefits to other adolescent substance use. However, cannabis use without any reported past‐year alcohol use more than doubled in the last decade, a concerning trend.
2‐Arachidonoylglycerol‐mediated endocannabinoid signaling modulates mechanical hypersensitivity associated with alcohol withdrawal in mice
Authors: Morgan Amanda , Adank Danielle , Johnson Keenan , Butler Emily , Patel Sachin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlcohol use disorder (AUD) commonly occurs in patients with chronic pain, and a major barrier to achieving abstinence and preventing relapse is the emergence of hyperalgesia during alcohol withdrawal. Elucidating novel therapeutic approaches to target hyperalgesia associated with alcohol withdrawal could have important implications for treating AUD. Here, we examined the role of 2‐arachidonoylglycerol (2‐AG)‐mediated endocannabinoid (eCB) signaling in the regulation of hyperalgesia associated with alcohol withdrawal in mice. We tested the hypothesis that pharmacological augmentation of 2‐AG signaling could reduce hyperalgesia during withdrawal.MethodsMale and female C57BL/6J mice were tested during withdrawal from a continuous access two‐bottle choice (2BC) paradigm to investigate how eCB signaling modulates mechanical and thermal sensitivity during withdrawal. Mice were pretreated with the monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) inhibitor JZL184 to elevate levels of 2‐AG. Rimonabant or AM630 were given to block CB1 and CB2 receptor activity, respectively. DO34 was given to reduce 2‐AG by inhibiting the 2‐AG synthetic enzyme diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL).ResultsAfter 72 h of withdrawal, male and female mice exhibited increased mechanical, but not thermal, hypersensitivity, which normalized by 7 days. This effect was reversed by pretreatment with JZL184. The effects of JZL184 were prevented by coadministration of either the CB1 or the CB2 antagonist. DO34, Rimonabant, and AM630 exacerbated mechanical hypersensitivity during alcohol withdrawal, causing an earlier onset and persistent hypersensitivity even 1 week into withdrawal.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate the critical role of 2‐AG signaling in the bidirectional regulation of mechanical sensitivity during alcohol withdrawal, with enhancement of 2‐AG levels reducing sensitivity, and inhibition of 2‐AG signaling exacerbating sensitivity. These data suggest that 2‐AG augmentation represents a novel approach to the treatment of alcohol withdrawal‐associated hyperalgesia and AUD in patients with comorbid pain disorders.
The impact of maternal SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination and first trimester infection on feto‐maternal immune responses
Authors: Juttukonda Lillian J. , Wachman Elisha M. , Boateng Jeffery , Clarke Katherine , Snyder‐Cappione Jennifer , Taglauer Elizabeth S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractProblemCOVID‐19 infection during pregnancy increases maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Infection in the second or third trimester leads to changes in the decidual leukocyte populations. However, it is not known whether COVID‐19 infection in the first trimester or COVID‐19 vaccination during pregnancy alters the decidual immune environment.Method of studyWe examined decidual biopsies obtained at delivery from women who had COVID‐19 in the first trimester (n = 8), were fully vaccinated against COVID‐19 during pregnancy (n = 17), or were neither infected nor vaccinated during pregnancy (n = 9). Decidual macrophages, NK cells, and T cells were quantified by immunofluorescence. Decidual IL‐6, IL‐10, and IP‐10 were quantified by ELISA.ResultsThere were no differences in decidual macrophages, NK cells, T cells, or cytokines between the first trimester COVID‐19 group and the control group. The vaccinated cohort had lower levels of macrophages and NK cells compared to the control group. There were no differences in cytokines between the vaccinated and control groups.ConclusionsCOVID‐19 infection in the first trimester did not cause significant decidual leukocyte or cytokine changes at the maternal‐fetal interface. Additionally, vaccination was not associated with decidual inflammation, supporting the safety of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination during pregnancy.
Radiocarbon estimates of age and growth for a dominant Amazon palm species
Authors: Magnabosco Marra Daniel , Lima Adriano J. N. , dos Santos Bruna de Oliveira , Higuchi Niro , Trumbore Susan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe used destructive sampling to assess 14C‐calibrated age and growth of five individuals of Oenocarpus bataua from 7.35 to 21.6 m of total height. The largest individual was 59‐year‐old. Age decreased from the collar to the top of the aboveground stem and was positively correlated with number of leaf‐scars and height.Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.
How does family homelessness impact on children's development? A critical review of the literature
Authors: Murran Sarah , Brady Eavan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFamily homelessness is a key social issue across many European countries and is associated with uncertainty, a lack of safety and increased risks for children which can trigger the involvement of child welfare services. Living in homeless accommodation during the early years of a child's life also has the potential to impact on a child in many ways, for example, academically, physically, emotionally and socially. In the current paper, the authors review existing literature regarding the impact of family homelessness on children's development in order to identify key messages for social work practitioners working with children and families experiencing homelessness, for example, in the field of child protection and welfare. Findings reveal that family homelessness impacts on various aspects of a child's world and ultimately on their development, as a result of reduced social networks, inappropriate space to facilitate play, increased school mobility and school‐dropout rates and increased levels of behavioural challenges and mental health concerns. These findings are discussed with relevance to social work practice when working with children and families who experience homelessness and how social work professionals can address the developmental needs of children who experience homelessness. Implications regarding future research and the education and training of social workers are also explored.
Local dose (biologically effective dose ≥180 Gy2) is an important predictor of biochemical recurrence in patients undergoing low‐dose‐rate brachytherapy
Authors: Tanaka Nobumichi , Nakai Yasushi , Asakawa Isao , Yamaki Kaori , Miyake Makito , Hori Shunta , Owari Takuya , Fujii Tomomi , Fujimoto Kiyohide 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesTo evaluate prognostic factors of biochemical recurrence (BCR) in each risk group of prostate cancer patients who underwent low‐dose‐rate brachytherapy (LDR‐BT).MethodsA total of 944 patients with clinically confirmed prostate cancer (cT1c‐3aN0M0) who had underwent LDR‐BT were enrolled. The low‐, intermediate‐, and high‐risk groups included 278, 498, and 168 patients, respectively. The median age, PSA value at diagnosis, and the follow‐up period were 70 years (range: 48–84), 7.2 ng/ml (range: 1.2–113), and 91 months (range: 2–192), respectively. We evaluated the BCR‐free rate, BCR‐free survival, clinical recurrence‐free rate, overall survival (OS), and cancer‐specific survival (CSS). We conducted multivariate analysis to elucidate prognostic factors of BCR for all patients and for each risk group.ResultsThe 5‐ and 10‐year OS rates were 96.0% and 89.5% and the 5‐ and 10‐year CSS rates were 99.8% and 99.1%, respectively, while the 5‐ and 10‐year BCR‐free rates were 96.6% and 92.5% in low‐risk patients, 95.7% and 90.7% in intermediate‐risk patients and 93.8% and 89.0% in high‐risk patients, respectively. There were no significant differences between the risk groups. Age‐adjusted multivariate analysis indicated biologically effective dose (BED) <180 Gy2 as an independent prognostic factor of BCR in all patients (p = 0.005). There were no independent factors in the low‐ and high‐risk groups, but neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) (p = 0.022) and BED <180Gy2 (p = 0.042) were independent prognostic factors in the intermediate‐risk group.ConclusionsLDR‐BT can achieve a higher recurrence‐free survival with an adequate local radiation dose (BED ≥ 180 Gy2).
Percutaneous aspiration and removal of infected leadless pacemaker vegetation
Authors: Adamek Kylie E. , Haque Nowrin , Martinez‐Parachini Jose R. , Ayoub Karam , Richardson Travis D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionLeadless pacemakers represent an increasingly utilized alternative to traditional pacing methods in those with prior bacteremia or at high risk for infection. The acknowledged resistance to infection is illustrated by the exceedingly rare documentation of it.MethodsWe present a case of methicillin‐sensitive Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis with associated leadless pacemaker infection necessitating percutaneous aspiration of the device‐associated vegetation followed by extraction of the leadless pacemaker.ResultsLarge vegetation associated with a leadless pacemaker was percutaneously aspirated with a vacuum‐assisted aspiration device, followed by successful extraction of the leadless pacemaker.ConclusionWhile leadless pacemakers are seldom involved in infective endocarditis, ultrasound evaluation in high‐risk patients with an undetermined source is reasonable. Before extraction, it is practical to consider aspiration of large associated vegetations with a vacuum‐assisted device.
Maxillary overdentures supported by four or six implants in the anterior region: 10‐year randomized controlled trial results
Authors: Slot Wim , Raghoebar Gerry M. , Cune Marco S. , Vissink Arjan , Meijer Henny J. A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimTo evaluate bar‐supported maxillary implant overdenture treatment when supported by either four or six implants after 10 years.Materials and MethodsEdentulous subjects with maxillary denture complaints and ample bone volume to facilitate implants in the anterior region of the maxilla were planned for implant overdenture treatment, randomized to receive either four implants (n = 25) or six implants (n = 25) and subsequently evaluated after 10 years of function. Outcome variables included peri‐implant bone‐level changes, implant and overdenture survival, complications, presence of plaque, calculus and bleeding, degree of peri‐implant inflammation, probing depth and patient satisfaction. Differences between the groups and between evaluation periods were tested with a Student's t‐test.ResultsFourteen patients with totally 72 implants were lost to follow‐up. Two patients from the six‐implant group experienced implant loss (four implants), resulting in 96.1% implant survival in this group versus 100% survival in the four‐implant group. Clinical, radiographical and patient‐reported outcome measures did not differ statistically significant between the two groups. Patients from both groups were generally quite satisfied with the result after 10 years.ConclusionsSimilar and favourable outcomes are seen in bar‐supported maxillary overdentures on either four or six anteriorly placed implants after a 10‐year evaluation period.
Association of the number of natural teeth with dietary diversity and nutritional status in older adults: A cross‐sectional study in China
Authors: Shen Jie , Qian Shujiao , Huang Liyan , Tao Yang , Chen Hui , Deng Ke , Yang Fei , Zong Geng , Zheng Yan , Wang Xiaofeng , Tonetti Maurizio , Yuan Changzheng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimTo investigate the association of the number of natural teeth with overall dietary diversity and nutritional status in a nationally representative study among older adults in China.Materials and MethodsA cross‐sectional analysis was conducted among community‐dwelling adults aged 65 years or older from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Study. According to the self‐reported number of natural teeth, participants were categorized into ≥20, 10–19, 1–9 natural teeth, and edentulous. Dietary diversity score (DDS) was constructed based on intake frequencies of 10 food groups assessed by a simplified food frequency questionnaire. The geriatric nutritional risk index was used to measure the malnutrition status (i.e., normal, mild malnutrition, and moderate‐to‐severe malnutrition) among a subgroup of participants. Linear and multinomial logistic regression models were used to examine the corresponding associations.ResultsAmong 54,796 study participants, the mean (SD) age was 87.86 (11.45) years, 82.7% had poor dentition (<20 natural teeth), and 27.3% wore dentures. After multivariable adjustment, participants with poor dentition had lower DDSs (βedentulous = −0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.48, −0.30; β1‐9 teeth = −0.46, 95% CI, −0.55, −0.37; β10‐19 teeth = −0.36, 95% CI, −0.46, −0.26) than those with 20 natural teeth or more. For individual food items, edentulous, 1–9 and 10–19 natural teeth were associated with lower odds of regular intake of fresh fruits, fresh vegetables, meat, fish and aquatic products, eggs, legumes, preserved vegetables, tea, and garlic, but higher odds of regular intake of sugar and sweets. Among participants with poor dentition, individuals without dentures had lower intake frequencies of most food groups than those wearing dentures. In addition, poor dentition was related to lower odds of normal nutritional status (odds ratio = 0.49, 95% CI, 0.27, 0.89).ConclusionsOlder adults with poor dentition had significantly lower dietary diversity and worse nutritional status. Future studies are warranted to identify effective interventions to improve the dietary quality and nutrition status among partially and fully edentulous individuals, including those with Stage IV periodontitis.
Time trends (2012–2020) in glycated hemoglobin and adherence to the glycemic targets recommended for elderly patients by the Japan Diabetes Society/Japan Geriatrics Society Joint Committee among memory clinic patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Sugimoto Taiki , Noma Hisashi , Kuroda Yujiro , Matsumoto Nanae , Uchida Kazuaki , Kishino Yoshinobu , Saji Naoki , Niida Shumpei , Sakurai Takashi 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionTo investigate the changes in the glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and the relative status of the glycemic control related to the new glycemic targets recommended by the Japan Diabetes Society/Japan Geriatrics Society Joint Committee in 2016 in patients with diabetes mellitus visiting a memory clinic from 2012 to 2020.Materials and MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 1,436 patients aged ≥65 years with diabetes. Patients were categorized into three categories as follows: category I, intact cognitive function and activities of daily living (ADL); category II, mild cognitive deficits or impaired instrumental ADL; and category III, moderate to severe cognitive impairment or impaired basic ADL. Trends in HbA1c levels, glycemic control status (optimally/poorly/excessively controlled) and proportion of individuals receiving drugs potentially associated with severe hypoglycemia among all patients and categories (I, II or III) from 2012 to 2020 were examined using linear, logistic and multinominal logistic regression models adjusted for confounding factors.ResultsBetween 2012 and 2020, the HbA1c levels, as well as the proportion of patients with poor glycemic control, increased, whereas the proportion of patients with excessive glycemic control and those receiving drugs potentially associated with severe hypoglycemia decreased.ConclusionsIncreased levels of HbA1c and decreased proportions of individuals under excessive glycemic control might reflect recent treatment strategies that avoid hypoglycemia in older patients. Given the adverse complications associated with hyperglycemia, more flexible and individualized glycemic targets based on comprehensive assessments, including vascular complications and comorbidities, might be necessary.
Endovascular thrombectomy and intravenous alteplase in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion: A clinical practice guideline
Authors: Ye Zhikang , Busse Jason W. , Hill Michael D. , Lindsay M. Patrice , Guyatt Gordon H. , Prasad Kameshwar , Agarwal Arnav , Beattie Cheryl , Beattie Jim , Dodd Cynthia , Heran Manraj K.S. , Narayan Sunil , Chartúir Norita NÍ , O'Donnell Martin , Resmini Ilaria , Sacco Simona , Sylaja P N , Volders David , Wang Xin , Xie Feng , Zachrison Kori S. , Zhang Lingli , Zhong Hongliang , An Zhuoling , Smith Eric E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimWhether or not use of intravenous alteplase in combination with endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) improves outcomes versus EVT alone, for acute stroke patients with large vessel occlusion presenting directly to a comprehensive stroke center, is uncertain.MethodsSix randomized trials exploring this issue were published, and we synthesized this evidence to inform a rapid guideline based on the Guidelines International Network principles and guided by the GRADE approach.ResultsWe enlisted an international panel that included 4 patient partners and 1 caregiver, individuals from 6 countries. The panel considered low certainty evidence that EVT alone, relative to EVT with intravenous alteplase, possibly results in a small decrease in the proportion of patients that achieve functional independence and possibly a small increase in mortality. Both effect estimates were downgraded twice due to very serious imprecision. The panel also considered moderate certainty evidence that EVT alone probably decreases symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, versus EVT with alteplase, and combination therapy was more costly than EVT alone. As a result of the low certainty for improved recovery without impairment and mortality for combination therapy versus EVT alone, and moderate certainty for increased harm with combination therapy, the panel made a weak recommendation in favor of EVT alone for stroke patients eligible for both treatments, and initially presenting directly to a comprehensive stroke center that provides both treatments.ConclusionsConsistent with this weak recommendation, optimal patient management will likely often include co‐treatment with intravenous alteplase, depending on local circumstances and patient presentation.
The location of cross‐border and national mergers and acquisitions within the United States
Authors: Brakman Steven , Garretsen Harry , van Marrewijk Charles , van Witteloostuijn Arjen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractResearch on the location choice of foreign direct investment (FDI) focuses on the choice between countries. The within‐country location choice is either not analyzed at all or restricted to greenfield investments only. The majority of FDI, however, takes the form of cross‐border mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We develop and test a pair of hypotheses regarding location‐target selection for both cross‐border and national M&As across the United States, expecting differences in line with the liability of foreignness argument. Using a detailed firm‐level data set for M&As in the period 1985–2012, we compare location choices of cross‐border versus national M&As. We find that cross‐border M&As are more spatially concentrated, and tend to sort into larger agglomerations than national M&As. This finding holds both for urban agglomerations in isolation, as well as for agglomerations that take the economic geography of the United States into account.
Does simultaneous versus individual‐arch at‐home dental bleaching regimen influence patient satisfaction? A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Carneiro Taynara S. , Favoreto Michael W. , Centenaro Gabrielle G. , Carneiro Otavio S. , Crovador Cleyson J. , Stanislawczuk Rodrigo , Reis Alessandra , Loguercio Alessandro D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveOur randomized, parallel and single‐blinded clinical trial evaluated patient level of discomfort during at‐home bleaching testing the equivalence between two different protocols for the use of bleaching trays (simultaneous vs. single arch), as well as tooth sensitivity (TS), gingival irritation, (GI) and bleaching efficacy (BE).Materials and MethodsWe randomized 100 patients into: simultaneous (n = 50) and single arch (n = 50). At‐home bleaching was performed with 10% hydrogen peroxide (HP) for 2 weeks for simultaneous group and 4 weeks for single arch group. We assessed patient level of discomfort using 9‐item questionnaire. The TS and GI, as well as BE using spectrophotometer and color guide were assessed using the visual analog scale (0–10). Data from level of discomfort and BE were evaluated by Student's t test. The TS and GI were compared using the relative risk and confidence interval (α = 0.05).ResultsOnly tray adaptation showed a significant effect after the second week (p < 0.002). There was equivalence between groups for level of discomfort (p < 0.01). We found no significant intergroup differences for the risk of TS or GI, nor for intensity. We observed no significant differences between them regarding bleaching efficacy (p > 0.21).ConclusionsA simultaneous‐use protocol for customized at‐home dental bleaching trays proved to be equivalent to using single arch for patient level of discomfort and bleaching efficacy, with no significant increase in adverse effects.Clinical SignificanceClinicians may decide whether to use a simultaneous or single arch protocol for tray usage; however, bleaching was achieved more quickly when the trays were worn simultaneously.