bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crystalline‐Amorphous Interfaces Coupling of CoSe2/CoP with Optimized d‐Band Center and Boosted Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Shen Shijie , Wang Zongpeng , Lin Zhiping , Song Kai , Zhang Qinghua , Meng Fanqi , Gu Lin , Zhong Wenwu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAmorphous and heterojunction materials have been widely used in the field of electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution due to their unique physicochemical properties. However, the current used individual strategy still has limited effects. Hence efficient tailoring tactics with synergistic effect are highly desired. Herein, the authors have realized the deep optimization of catalytic activity by a constructing crystalline–amorphous CoSe2/CoP heterojunction. Benefiting from the strong electronic coupling at the interfaces, the d‐band center of the material moves further down compared to its crystalline–crystalline counterpart, optimizing the valence state and the H adsorption of Co and lowering the kinetic barrier of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The heterojunction shows an overpotential of 65 mV to drive a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in the acidic medium. Besides, it also shows competitive properties in both neutral and basic media. This work provides inspiration for optimizing the catalytic activity through combining a crystalline and amorphous heterojunction, which can be implemented for other transition metal compound electrocatalysts.
Hybrid Cathode Interlayer Enables 17.4% Efficiency Binary Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Song Hang , Hu Dingqin , Lv Jie , Lu Shirong , Haiyan Chen , Kan Zhipeng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWith the emergence of fused ring electron acceptors, the power conversion efficiency of organic solar cells reached 19%. In comparison with the electron donor and acceptor materials progress, the development of cathode interlayers lags. As a result, charge extraction barriers, interfacial trap states, and significant transport resistance may be induced due to the unfavorable cathode interlayer, limiting the device performances. Herein, a hybrid cathode interlayer composed of PNDIT‐F3N and PDIN is adopted to investigate the interaction between the photoexcited acceptor and cathode interlayer. The state of art acceptor Y6 is chosen and blended with PM6 as the active layer. The device with hybrid interlayer, PNDIT‐F3N:PDIN (0.6:0.4, in wt%), attains a power conversion efficiency of 17.4%, outperforming devices with other cathode interlayer such as NDI‐M, PDINO, and Phen‐DPO. It is resulted from enhanced exciton dissociation, reduced trap‐assisted recombination, and smaller transfer resistance. Therefore, the hybrid interlayer strategy is demonstrated as an efficient approach to improve device performance, shedding light on the selection and engineering of cathode interlayers for pairing the increasing number of fused ring electron acceptors.
Plasmonic locator with sub‐diffraction‐limited resolution for continuously accurate positioning
Authors: Gao Peng Fei , Zou Hong Yan , Gao Ming Xuan , Li Yuan Fang , Huang Cheng Zhi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBoth the accurate distance measurement and positioning information at the nanoscale are important for the analysis of micro/nano interactions. Plasmon ruler has been an indispensable optical tool to detect the chemical and biological dynamic processes via distance‐dependent plasmon coupling in the nearly aggregated state. But it cannot disclose the detailed and accurate information of positions and dynamic movements of its two plasmonic components owing to the inherent diffraction limit. Herein, a plasmonic locator is presented which consists of a heterotypic pair of red/blue plasmonic components with significant wavelength difference (∼150 nm). Attributed to the detuned energy (∼0.64 eV) of the two components, the plasmonic locator has the ability of sub‐diffraction‐limited resolution (center to center, 30 nm) and accurate positioning under conventional dark‐field microscopy, making the relative dynamic information of nearby red/blue components be recorded accurately at video rate. As an important complement to the current aggregate science and technology of plasmonics, this newly developed plasmonic locator presents a facile means to realize super‐resolution imaging, accurate positioning, and continuous tracing in chemical and biological interactions at the single‐molecule level.
Solvation‐amination‐synergy that neutralizes interfacially polymerized membranes for ultrahigh selective nanofiltration
Authors: Tang Ming‐Jian , Liu Mei‐Ling , Li Lu , Su Guo‐Jiang , Yan Xiang‐Yu , Ye Can , Sun Shi‐Peng , Xing Weihong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMolecular desalination is broadly used in chemical, food, and textile industries, which needs efficient and anti‐fouling separation technologies to reach this goal. Interfacial polymerization is one of the most promising routes to construct ultrahigh selective nanofiltration membranes. However, the irreversible hydrolysis of residual acyl chlorides makes Donnan charges of nascent films distribute unevenly which hinders fine molecular desalination and anti‐fouling. Here, we propose a pioneering solvation‐amination‐synergy strategy to synchronously inhibit the hydrolysis of residual acyl chlorides and promote their amination. The electroneutral nanofiltration membrane with high water permeance (13.2 L m−2 h−1 bar−1) is quantitatively fabricated that has superb anti‐fouling abilities and minimizes Donnan impacts on competitive ion penetrations, so it transmits Na2SO4and NaCl while fully obstructs cationic or anionic dyes (< 500 Da). The ultrahigh molecule to ion selectivities outperform state‐of‐art nanofiltration membranes, which may provide a paradigm shift for scalable membrane fabrication for various industrial product desalination.
Whole exome sequencing identifies potential candidate genes for spina bifida derived from mouse models
Authors: Wang Chunyan , Seltzsam Steve , Zheng Bixia , Wu Chen‐Han Wilfred , Nicolas‐Frank Camille , Yousef Kirollos , Au Kit Sing , Mann Nina , Pantel Dalia , Schneider Sophia , Schierbaum Luca , Kitzler Thomas M. , Connaughton Dervla M. , Mao Youying , Dai Rufeng , Nakayama Makiko , Kari Jameela A. , El Desoky Sherif , Shalaby Mohammed , Eid Loai A. , Awad Hazem S. , Tasic Velibor , Mane Shrikant M. , Lifton Richard P. , Baum Michelle A. , Shril Shirlee , Estrada Carlos R. , Hildebrandt Friedhelm 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSpina bifida (SB) is the second most common nonlethal congenital malformation. The existence of monogenic SB mouse models and human monogenic syndromes with SB features indicate that human SB may be caused by monogenic genes. We hypothesized that whole exome sequencing (WES) allows identification of potential candidate genes by (i) generating a list of 136 candidate genes for SB, and (ii) by unbiased exome‐wide analysis. We generated a list of 136 potential candidate genes from three categories and evaluated WES data of 50 unrelated SB cases for likely deleterious variants in 136 potential candidate genes, and for potential SB candidate genes exome‐wide. We identified 6 likely deleterious variants in 6 of the 136 potential SB candidate genes in 6 of the 50 SB cases, whereof 4 genes were derived from mouse models, 1 gene was derived from human nonsyndromic SB, and 1 gene was derived from candidate genes known to cause human syndromic SB. In addition, by unbiased exome‐wide analysis, we identified 12 genes as potential candidates for SB. Identification of these 18 potential candidate genes in larger SB cohorts will help decide which ones can be considered as novel monogenic causes of human SB.
Near complete deletion of KMT2D in a college student
Authors: Gooch Catherine , Souder Jaclyn Paige , Tedder Matthew L. , Kerkhof Jennifer , Lee Jennifer A. , Louie Raymond J. , Sadikovic Bekim , Fletcher Robin S. , Robin Nathaniel H. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPathogenic variants in KMT2D are typically associated with Kabuki syndrome (KS), a rare multisystem disorder. KS is characterized by facial dysmorphisms, intellectual disability, skeletal and dermatoglyphic differences, and poor growth. Seventy percent of individuals with clinically diagnosed KS have a confirmed pathogenic variant in KMT2D or less commonly KDM6A. The majority of mutations found in KMT2D are de novo nonsense or frameshift, with deletions and duplications rarely reported in the literature. Here, we present the case of near complete deletion of KMT2D in a college student with normal intelligence discovered via exome sequencing and EpiSign methylation testing. This case provides evidence that large deletions in KMT2D are compatible with normal intelligence and presents EpiSign as a method for discovering molecular causes of KS not identified by traditional molecular testing.
Anesthesia protocol for ear surgery in Wistar rats (animal research)
Authors: Bhatia Abhijeet , Saikia Pranjal Pratim , Dkhar Barilin , Pyngrope Haphidasara 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo formulate an anesthesia protocol for safe and satisfactory anesthesia for ear surgery in rats.MethodsThe rats were anesthetized with xylazine (10 mg/kg body weight) and ketamine at doses of 80, 50, 40, and 30 mg/kg body weight or with isoflurane anesthesia (2%–3.5% in 100% oxygen; maintenance dose 1.5%–3.5%). The anesthesia induction, surgery, and recovery time were recorded.ResultsIn total, 17 rats were induced by varying doses of ketamine‐xylazine and 28 rats with isoflurane. Mean induction time with ketamine‐xylazine was 6 ± 2.9 min compared with 3.8 ± 1.1 min with isoflurane. Mean recovery time with ketamine‐xylazine was 142.6 ± 49.3 min compared with 4.1 ± 1.2 min with isoflurane. A mortality of 4 animals after developing dyspnea was recorded with ketamine‐xylazine.ConclusionIsoflurane anesthesia offers appropriate induction and recovery times and low mortality rates for the surgeries performed. Isoflurane anesthesia offers reliable results for ear surgery in rats. However, more equipment and technical skills are needed.
Dynamic expression analysis of Vitelloin‐related genes in Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) driven by short‐term high‐temperature stress
Authors: Lian Yuyang , Wang Aqiang , Yang Heming , Li Jinlei , Peng Sihua , Zhou Shihao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractZeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) is an important pest of fruit and vegetable crops in tropical and subtropical regions. Previous studies have shown that short‐term high‐temperature stress has a significant effect on the oviposition behavior of three successive generations (F1–F3) of Z. cucurbitae (Coquillett). For the clarification of the molecular response of the oviposition behavior of Z. cucurbitae (Coquillett) to short‐term high‐temperature stress, three Vitellogenin (Vg) genes, namely, Vg‐1, Vg‐2, and Vg‐3, and one Vitellogenin receptor (VgR) gene were selected; 25°C was used as the control treatment; and 33°C, 37°C, 41°C, and 45°C were set as the high‐temperature treatments. Newly emerged adults of the F1 generation were treated for 1 h, and the expression dynamics of the target genes were analyzed 7 days after the emergence of three successive generations of adults. Results showed that the expression of the Vg gene in the 33°C and 37°C groups was upregulated compared with that in the control group, and the difference among the 41°C, 45°C, and control groups was small. VgR gene expression level gradually increased in each treatment group with the increase in the number of days and peaked on Days 6 and 7. Compared with the control group, the expression of VgR gene in the F1 generation was downregulated in the high‐temperature treatment group over 7 days. On Day 7, the expression level of the VgR gene in the F2 and F3 generations in the 37°C and 45°C groups was significantly higher than that in the F2 and F3 generations in the control group. In conclusion, Vg and VgR are transformed and utilized differently after short‐term high‐temperature treatment.
Stabilization of Antitumor Agent Busulfan through Encapsulation within a Water‐Soluble Pillar[5]arene
Authors: Xue Hui‐Feng , Huang Yu−Xi , Dong Ming , Zhang Zhi‐Yuan , Li Chunju 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe complexation of the antitumor agent busulfan by negatively charged carboxylatopillar[5]arene in water is reported. The encapsulation within carboxylatopillar[5]arene reduces the hydrolytic degradation of busulfan from 90.7% to 25.2% after 24 days and accordingly enhances its stability by providing a hydrophobic shelter for busulfan in water. Moreover, the complexation results in 12 times improvement of water solubility for busulfan. Our result provides a supramolecular approach for stabilizing the anticancer agent busulfan.
Protecting the Vital Groundwater Sources of Oceanic Islands
Authors: Lau L. Stephen , El‐Kadi Aly I. , Rong Kexin , Grobbe Niels 
Published: January 2022

Key TakeawaysGroundwater contamination following a 1977 chemical spill on the Hawaiian island of Oahu caused alarm and led to swift action in the early 1980s, including closure of several drinking water wells.Legislation and other efforts to remediate and monitor the contamination have been rigorous and nearly continuous.Decades later, a recent study has examined source water protection and economic impact stemming from Oahu's groundwater contamination.
Bank green lending and credit risk: an empirical analysis of China's Green Credit Policy
Authors: Zhou Xiao Yan , Caldecott Ben , Hoepner Andreas G. F. , Wang Yao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study empirically investigates the relationship between banks' green lending and their credit risk, and how Chinese green finance regulations contribute to the solvency of individual banks and the resilience of the financial system. Analysing a sample of 41 Chinese banks from 2007 to 2018, we find that the association between a bank's (relative) green lending as a proportion of its overall loan portfolio, and its credit risk, depends critically on the size and structure of state ownership. While the implementation of China's Green Credit Policy reduces credit risk for the major state‐controlled banks, it increases credit risk for the city and regional commercial banks. This performance difference appears largely due to information and expertise asymmetries, with the city and regional commercial banks having less access to information and expertise necessary to evaluate the credit risk of green lending. Understanding this phenomenon can help policymakers tailor green finance policies according to banks' characteristics. It also suggests that mechanisms and platforms for the city/regional commercial banks to learn from the major state‐controlled banks could be beneficial.
Strengthened bond between intervention agent and participant in psychosocial and community programmes: From an administrative relationship to a technical‐affective bond
Authors: Daher Marianne , Rosati Antonia , Campero María José , Guarda Tamara , Bunster Elizabeth 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGiven the relevance of the bonds established between intervention agent and participant during the implementation of programmes with a psychosocial component, we studied an emblematic Chilean programme to overcome poverty based on psychosocial and community support: the Families Program. The participants were 21 people: 10 dyads composed of the program participants and their respective intervention agents, plus the head of the intervention team. We employed a qualitative methodology, conducted semi‐structured interviews, and performed descriptive and relational analysis following grounded theory guidelines. This process resulted in a comprehensive model of the strengthening of the bond established between intervention agent and participant. This model delimits three relevant dimensions of the agent–participant bond—technical, affective, and interactional—and we describe how they are articulated during the transition from an administrative relationship to a technical‐affective bond. Lastly, we discuss the processual and temporal construction of the bond as well as the relevance of considering its three dimensions. Likewise, we reflect on bonds as a way of humanizing psychosocial interventions and ponder the challenge of generating a progressive de‐bonding that fosters participants' autonomy.
Engineered Cyclohexylamine Oxidase with Improved Activity and Stereoselectivity for Asymmetric Synthesis of a Bulky Dextromethorphan Precursor and Its Analogues
Authors: Wu Xiaofan , Li Zhining , Lin Juan , Huang Zedu , Chen Fener 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCyclohexylamine oxidase CHAOCCH12‐C2 was previously discovered and utilized in the chemo‐enzymatic synthesis of (S)‐1‐(4‐methoxybenzyl)‐1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8‐octahydroisoquinoline ((S)‐1 a), the key precursor for the industrial production of antitussive dextromethorphan. Herein, structure‐guided semi‐rational engineering and random mutagenesis were applied to CHAOCCH12‐C2, resulting in an evolved variant WXF‐FM which possessed five point mutations: H68Q/E198G/L200V/I201L/V209S and displayed >15‐fold higher kcat and improved stereoselectivity towards (R)‐1 a relative to the WT enzyme. WXF‐FM‐catalyzed deracemization of 200 mM of rac‐1 a was achieved at gram‐scale under Turner's deracemization conditions, affording (S)‐1 a in 76 % isolated yield with 97 % ee, demonstrating the effectiveness and great potential of this enzyme in the practical, green synthesis of dextromethorphan. Two bulky analogues of (S)‐1 a were also afforded with much higher optical purities in WXF‐FM‐catalyzed reactions than those obtained in WT enzyme‐catalyzed reactions. Through conducting complete deconvoluting experiments, presence of strong cooperative effect was revealed, and the mutational effect of H68Q on (R)‐1 a was suggested to be possibly applicable to related cyclohexylamine oxidases. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations indicated the enlargement of binding and entrance cavities, and the formation of a new hydrogen‐bonding between FAD and (R)‐1 a both likely contributed to the enhanced catalytic activity.
Redox Replacement of Silver on MOF‐Derived Cu/C Nanoparticles on Gas Diffusion Electrodes for Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Sikdar Nivedita , Junqueira João R. C. , Öhl Denis , Dieckhöfer Stefan , Quast Thomas , Braun Michael , Aiyappa Harshitha B. , Seisel Sabine , Andronescu Corina , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBimetallic tandem catalysts have emerged as a promising strategy to locally increase the CO flux during electrochemical CO2 reduction, so as to maximize the rate of conversion to C−C‐coupled products. Considering this, a novel Cu/C−Ag nanostructured catalyst has been prepared by a redox replacement process, in which the ratio of the two metals can be tuned by the replacement time. An optimum Cu/Ag composition with similarly sized particles showed the highest CO2 conversion to C2+ products compared to non‐Ag‐modified gas‐diffusion electrodes. Gas chromatography and in‐situ Raman measurements in a CO2 gas diffusion cell suggest the formation of top‐bound linear adsorbed *CO followed by consumption of CO in the successive cascade steps, as evidenced by the increasingνC−H bands. These findings suggest that two mechanisms operate simultaneously towards the production of HCO2H and C−C‐coupled products on the Cu/Ag bimetallic surface.
MiR‐29b regulates Th2 cell differentiation in asthma by targeting inducible B7‐H3 and STAT3
Authors: Gu Wenjing , Li Gang , Zhang Weili , Zhang Xinxing , He Yanyu , Huang Li , Yan Yongdong , Ji Wei , Hao Chuangli , Chen Zhengrong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundMicroRNAs play an important role in T cell responses. However, how microRNAs regulate Th cells in asthma remains poorly defined.ObjectiveIn this study, we investigated the mechanism and pathways of miR‐29b regulating Th cells in asthma, in order to find new targets for asthma.MethodsWe detected miR‐29b, B7‐H3 and STAT3 in the peripheral blood of children with asthma, explored the relationship between these molecules and their effects on T cells through in vitro cell culture, and verified it by animal model.ResultsMiR‐29b levels were decreased in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells from children with asthma. Vitro studies found that the expression of miR‐29b in macrophages was decreased and the expression of B7‐H3 and STAT3 was increased after house dust mite (HDM) stimulation. After down‐regulation of miR‐29b in macrophages, the expressions of B7‐H3 and STAT3 in macrophages were increased and T cells differentiate into Th2 cells. After the addition of B7‐H3 or STAT3 antibodies, the differentiation of naive T cells into Th2 cells was reduced. In OVA induced mice asthmatic model, after the up‐regulation of miR‐29b in lung, the expression of B7‐H3 and STAT3 decreased in the lung tissues of mice, and the expression of Th2 cells and type II cytokine decreased simultaneously. The pathological changes of lung tissues were also alleviated.ConclusionThe expression of miR‐29b is decreased in asthmatic children. MiR‐29b can inhibit Th2 cell differentiation by inhibiting B7‐H3 and STAT3 pathways at the same time, and reduce asthmatic immune inflammation.
RIPPA: Identification of MHC‐II Binding Peptides from Antigen Using a Yeast Display‐Based Approach
Authors: Liu Rongzeng , Jiang Wei , Li Ying , Mellins Elizabeth D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMapping MHC‐II binding peptides derived from an antigenic protein for potential CD4+ T‐cell epitopes has been challenging due to a lack of experimental approaches that are both quantitative and rapid. The rate‐limiting steps in current approaches include the construction of single MHC allele expressing cell lines and/or the purification of the MHC‐II allelic proteins for peptide elution (i.e., mass spectrometry) or in vitro peptide binding (i.e., ELISA) assays. These labor‐intensive steps typically take up to 4 months or more. In this protocol, we describe a system that uses yeast cells to display “empty” (i.e., without covalently linked peptides) MHC‐II heterodimers that are capable of binding exogenously added peptides of interest. This yeast‐MHC‐II system eliminates the time‐consuming soluble MHC‐II purification steps, allowing rapid identification of peptide ligands from protein antigens (RIPPA). The amount of peptide loading to MHC‐II or the extent of competition between indicator and competitor peptides at the surface of yeast cells can be quantitatively determined using flow cytometric analysis. Importantly, the protocol only takes ∼1 month from the construction of plasmids and the yeast display of “empty” MHC‐II to the quantitative determination of MHC‐II binding peptides from a given antigen. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Yeast display of “empty” MHC‐IISupport Protocol: Construction of yeast shuttle vector expressing “empty” MHC‐IIBasic Protocol 2: Peptide competition on the surface of yeast cellsAlternate Protocol: RIPPA in a 96‐well format