bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fuzi polysaccharides improve immunity in immunosuppressed mice by regulating gut microbiota composition
Authors: Tu Ran , Zhou Cheng , Huang Wenfeng , Feng Zhengping , Zhao Qiufang , Shi Xiaofei , Cui Langjun , Chen Keke 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Fuzi is a traditional Chinese medicine, and polysaccharides therein are considered the most bioactive compounds, with immunomodulatory effects. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects have not been evaluated. This study assessed the effects of Fuzi polysaccharides (FPS) on the gut microbiota and immune function of mice immunosuppressed with cyclophosphamide (CP). The results showed that PFS increased the concentration of acetic acid, propionic acid, isobutyric acid, and n-butyric acid in the cecum of treated mice. FPS decreased the relative abundance of Helicobacter, Anaerotruncus, Faecalibacterium, Lachnospira, Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG-003, Mucispirillum, and Mycoplasma and increased the relative abundance of Rhodospirillales, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-013, Mollicutes_RF39, Ruminococcus_1, Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, and Muribaculaceae in the gut. Furthermore, FPS increased the spleen and thymus indexes and the number of white blood cells and lymphocytes. CP decreased the relative mRNA expression of NF-кB, IL-6, and iNOS, the differentiation of CD4+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells, and the protein expression of occludin and zonula occludens-1, whereas FPS reduced these effects. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the gut microbial composition was significantly correlated with inflammatory gene expression and intestinal barrier function.
DNA methylation at insulin-insulin like growth factor 2 is associated with prenatal exposure to sulfur dioxide and childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms
Authors: Choi Yoon-Jung , Cho Jinwoo , Hong Yun-Chul , Lee Dong-wook , Moon Sungji , Park Soo Jin , Lee Kyung-shin , Shin Choong Ho , Lee Young Ah , Kim Bung-Nyun , Kaminsky Zachary , Kim Johanna Inhyang , Lim Youn-Hee 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Backgrounds
: Epigenetic influence plays a role in the association between exposure to air pollution and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, research regarding sulfur dioxide (SO2) is scarce. Herein, we investigate the associations between prenatal SO2 exposure and ADHD rating scale (ARS) scores at ages 4, 6, and 8 years repeatedly in a mother-child cohort (n = 329). Whole blood samples were obtained at ages 2 and 6 years, and genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) was analyzed for 51 children using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation BeadChip. We analyzed the associations between prenatal SO2 exposure and DNAm levels at ages 2 and 6, and investigated the association between the DNAm levels at the significant CpGs and ARS at ages 4, 6, and 8. Weighted gene co-methylation network analysis was conducted to detect modules weighted for prenatal SO2 exposure and ARS.
Results
Prenatal SO2 exposure was associated with ADHD symptoms. DNAm levels at the 6 CpGs (cg07583420 (INS-IGF2), cg05075097 (INS-IGF2), cg25163476 (INS-IGF2), cg20296524 (TARBP1), cg15705054 (PBXIP1), and cg05951817 (SLC6A4)) at age 2 were associated with prenatal SO2 exposure levels; however, DNAm at age 6 was not associated with prenatal SO2 exposure. Of the 6 CpGs, 5 were grouped into a module correlated with prenatal SO2 exposure and ARS, of which cg07583420 (INS-IGF2) was persistently linked with ARS at ages 4, 6, and 8.
Conclusions
Changes in DNAm levels associated with prenatal SO2 exposure during early childhood are linked to increases in ARS in later childhood.
Fast in vivo assay of creatine kinase in the human brain by 31P magnetic resonance fingerprinting
Authors: Widmaier Mark , Lim Song-I , Wenz Daniel , Xin Lijing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A new and efficient magnetisation transfer 31P magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MT-31P-MRF) approach is introduced to measure the creatine kinase metabolic rate kCK between phosphocreatine (PCr) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in human brain. The MRF framework is extended to overcome challenges in conventional 31P measurement methods in the human brain in vivo by reducing specific absorption rate deposition, incorporating system imperfection into a model, and testing a range of values for each parameter to arrive at their estimation. To compute complex high-dimensional datasets, we propose a nested iteration interpolation method (NIIM). As the number of parameters to estimate increases, the size of the dictionary grows exponentially. NIIM can reduce the computational load by breaking dictionary matching into subsolutions of linear computational order. The MT-31P-MRF combined with the NIIM provides T1PCr , T 1ATP , and kCK estimates in good agreement with those obtained by the exchange kinetics by band inversion transfer (EBIT) method and literature values. Furthermore, the test-retest reproducibility results showed that the MT-31P-MRF achieves less than 10% of the coefficient of variation for T1PCr , T 1ATP , and kCK measurements in 4 min 15 s, which is more than four times faster than the EBIT method. We conclude that MT-31P-MRF in combination with the NIIM is a fast, accurate and reproducible approach for in vivo kCK assays in the human brain, which enables the potential for investigating energy metabolism in a clinical setting.
Development of a measure to assess the quality of proxy decisions about research participation on behalf of adults lacking capacity to consent: the Combined Scale for Proxy Informed Consent Decisions (CONCORD scale)
Authors: Shepherd Victoria , Hood Kerenza , Gillies Katie , Wood Fiona 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Recruitment of adults lacking capacity to consent into trials requires the involvement of an alternative ‘proxy’ decision-maker, usually a family member. This can be challenging for family members, with some experiencing emotional and decisional burden. Interventions to support proxy consent decisions in non-emergency settings are being developed. However, the ability to evaluate interventions is limited due to a lack of measures that capture outcomes of known importance, as identified through a core outcome set (COS).
Methods
Using established measure development principles, a four-stage process was used to develop and refine items for a new measure of proxy decision quality: 1) findings from a recent scoping review and consensus study were reviewed to identify items for inclusion in the scale and any existing outcome measures; 2) assessment of content coverage by existing measures and identification of insufficiency; 3) construction of a novel scale; 4) cognitive testing to explore comprehension of the scale and test its content adequacy through interviews with family members of people with impaired capacity.
Results
A range of outcome measures associated with healthcare decision-making and informed consent decisions, such as the Decisional Conflict Scale, were identified in the scoping review. These measures were mapped against the key constructs identified in the COS to assess content coverage. Insufficient coverage of areas such as proxy-specific satisfaction and knowledge sufficiency by existing instruments indicated that a novel measure was needed. An initial version of a combined measure (the CONCORD scale) was drafted and tested during cognitive interviews with eleven family members. The interviews established comprehension, acceptability, feasibility, and content adequacy of the scale. Participants suggested re-phrasing and re-ordering some questions, leading to the creation of a revised version.
Conclusions
The CONCORD scale provides a brief measure to evaluate the quality of decisions made on behalf of an adult who lacks capacity to consent in non-emergency settings, enabling the evaluation of interventions to improve proxy decision quality. Initial evaluation indicates it has content adequacy and is feasible to use. Further statistical validation work is being undertaken.
A Photodynamically Sensitized Dendritic Cell Vaccine that Promotes the Anti-Tumor effects of Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Shuang Li , Wang Ding , Cheng Jinzhang , Sun Jicheng , Kalvakolanu Dhan V. , Zhao Xue , Wang Di , You Yunhan , Zhang Ling , Yu Dan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are promising tools in combating several cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, a substantial portion of HNSCC patients do not respond to PD-L1 antibody. Here we describe a photodynamic therapeutic (PDT) approach to enhance anti-tumor effects of the anti-PD-L1 antibody. Methods. Phototoxicity of PDT was confirmed using fluorescence microscopy, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and flow cytometry analyses. Phenotypic and functional maturation of immature DCs (imDCs) induced by PDT were measured using flow cytometry and ELISA. A mouse model was established using the HNSCC line, SCC7, and was used to evaluate therapeutic effects of PDT-DC vaccine in facilitating anti-tumor immunity of PD-L1 antibody. Results. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) of SCC7 cells was induced by PDT with 0.5 μM of m-THPC and the 5 J/cm2 of light dose. ICD of SCC7 cells stimulated imDCs maturation. In vivo assays suggested that PDT-DC vaccine and anti-PD-L1 mAb synergistically induced anti-tumor immunity and suppressed tumor progression.Conclusions. PDT-DC vaccine enhances therapeutic effects of PD-L1 antibody, which might provide a novel approach for HNSCC immunotherapy.
Safety and Efficacy of Enhanced recovery after laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery: a single-center randomized controlled study
Authors: Li Ming-zhe , Chen Xin , Wang Chen , Li Shi-zeng , Xia Bin , Wu Wen-hui , Zhang Chang-hua , He Yu-long 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: The role of Eintraoperative joint organ removal or transit abdominal surgery recovery after surgery (ERAS) in reducing hospital stay time and perioperative hospitalization costs have been proven. However, most studies have been carried out in areas rich in medical resources. In this study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of ERAS compared with traditional perioperative period care for laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in areas poor in medical resources in China.Methods: A randomized controlled trial on laparoscopic cholecystectomy was conducted at The People's Hospital of Fengqing from July 2020 to March 2021. Patients were randomly divided into an ERAS group and a traditional care group. The main outcome was the length of hospital stay after surgery. The secondary outcomes included hospitalization costs and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for postoperative pain, first exhaust time, and first semi-liquid diet time after surgery. The ERAS group was provided with perioperative education, nutritional support, preoperative 2 h oral carbohydrates, restricted rehydration, intraoperative insulation, no drainage tubes, wound hemp, early mobilization postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) prevention and multi-modal analgesia, early activity.Results: The study was conducted on a total of 140 patients with 70 patients each in the ERAS group and traditional care groups. In the ERAS group, The length of hospital stay after surgery was shorter (4.06 vs.4.61 days, P<0.05), the average hospitalization cost (CNY 7900 vs. 8470, P<0.05),and VAS score (3.10 vs. 3.57 points, compared to the eraser group P<0.001) was lower, the first exhaust time was shorter (12.2 vs. 14.2 hours, P<0.001), the first semi-liquid diet time after surgery was shorter(14.5 vs. 16.8 hours, P<0.001), and the incidence of major postoperative complications was lower (bile leakage, postoperative bleeding, bile duct damage) (0% vs. 12.9%, P<0.05). No significant difference in surgery time (57.8 vs. 54.6 min, P>0.05) was observed between the two groups.Conclusion: Even in areas poor in medical resources in China, the use of the ERAS concept for LC surgery can reduce the length of hospital stay, cut down the cost of hospitalization, and lessen the pain of patients after surgery and accelerate postoperative recovery.
Wavy changes in sinus hairs are correlated with feline leukaemia virus infection
Authors: Morishita Masataka , Sunden Yuji , Horiguchi Misaki , Sakoya Hirosei , Yokogawa Mana , Ino Hiroyuki , Une Satoshi , Kawata Mutsumi , Hosoido Taisei , Morita Takehito 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is retroviruses with global impact on the health of domestic cats. Serological viral detection method has already established, however, there is no report about the appearance of FeLV infected cats. We noticed the cats infected with FeLV often possess wavy sinus hairs (WSH). To investigate the relationship between WSH and FeLV infection, the association between the “presence or absence of wavy changes in sinus hairs” and FeLV infection was examined in 358 cats including 56 cats with WSH using the chi-square test. The results of blood tests from 223 cases were subjected to multivariate analysis (logistic analysis). WSH were observed under light microscopy, and upper lip tissues (proboscis) were subjected to histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. Results: WSH were significantly correlated with FeLV antigen positivity in the blood. Of 56 cases with WSH, 50 (89.3%) were positive for FeLV. The association of WSH with FeLV positivity was confirmed by multivariate analysis. Narrowing, degeneration, and tearing of the hair medulla were observed in cats with WSH. Mild infiltration of mononuclear cells in the tissues, but no degeneration or necrosis, were found. Positive FeLV antigen (p27, gp70 and p15E) signals were observed in various epithelial cells including sinus hair follicles. Conclusions: The data suggest that wavy changes in sinus hairs, a characteristic finding, were highly associated with FeLV infection. Although the pathogenesis of wavy changes in sinus associated with FeLV is unclear, the present findings may be useful for controlling FeLV infection.
Goreisan alleviates cerebral oedema by inhibiting aquaporin 4 function: In vivo study using an established mouse model of cerebral oedema
Authors: Shimizu Tomofumi , Matsumoto Chinami , Kido Toshitaka , Murakami Kazuhito , Isohama Yoichiro 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Low atmospheric pressure triggers weather-related illnesses, such as headaches. Although many individuals are affected by weather-related illnesses, only a few therapeutic drugs are available. In Japan, Goreisan (GRS) is traditionally used to relieve headaches; however, its mechanism of action is unclear. Therefore, we investigated the mechanism of action of GRS against headaches, focusing on water dynamics in the brain. We used a well-established mouse model of cerebral oedema to evaluate the effects of GRS on related symptoms and brain water content. The mouse model was also subjected to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using H217O to assess water dynamics in the brain. The effect of GRS on water permeability through aquaporin 4 (AQP4) was examined in vitro. GRS inhibited the loss of righting reflex and survival in the mouse model by ameliorating the increase in brain water content. MRI evaluation of water dynamics suggested that GRS inhibited water influx into the brain. Evaluation of water permeability in Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing AQP4 showed that GRS inhibited AQP4 function. These findings provide insights into the alleviating effects of GRS on headaches caused by cerebral oedema. This study could serve as a basis for developing novel therapeutic agents for treating weather-related illnesses.
Enhancement of nitrogen removal iron-based with an electric-magnetic field in an Upflow microaerobic sludge reactor (UMSR)
Authors: Algonin Abdulatti , Zhao Bowei , Cui Ying , Xie Fei , Yue Xiuping 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Traditional denitrification often produces high operating costs and excessive sludge disposal expenses due to conventional carbon sources. And Fe0 reactivity enhancement methods are complex and hazardous. Researchers are interested in prolonging the release of Fe2+, Fe3+, and H+ from Fe0 corrosion, accelerating the reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+, and reactors' hydraulic retention time (HRT). Novel coupling of electric-magnetic field (MF) with Fe0 and C-Fe0 powder in an upflow microaerobic sludge reactor (UMSR) proved excellent in removing nitrogen from wastewater without organic carbon resources. In the current study, the reactor was operated for 78 ± 2 days, divided into five stages (without Fe0, with Fe0, coupling with MF, without coupling with MF, and coupling with MF again), at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2.5 hours, with an influent loading of ammonium (NH4+-N) 50 ± 2 mg/L, at 25°C–27°C, and less than 1.0 mg/L dissolved oxygen (DO). After coupling the electric (MF) 48mT with Fe0, the removal efficiencies were enhanced by 76% for (NO3−-N) with an effluent concentration of 8.7 mg/L, 72% for (NH4+-N) with an effluent concentration of 13.6 mg/L, and 76% for total nitrogen removal (TN), respectively. The sludge was rich in ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria, and denitrifying bacteria. After coupling (MF) with Fe0, the denitrification bacteria community underwent the most substantial change.
Positive Effects of a psychological preparation program for MRI “iMReady” in children with cognitive issues – how to meet the patients’ needs best
Authors: Weiler-Wichtl Liesa Josephine , Fries Jonathan , Fohn-Erhold Verena , Schwarzinger Agathe , Holzer Angelika Elisabeth , Pletschko Thomas , Furtner-Sra Julia , Prayer Daniela , Bär Paul , Slavc Irene , Peyrl Andreas , Azizi Amedeo , Leiss Ulrike 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
A growing body of evidence has supported alternatives to sedation and general anesthesia for increasing treatment compliance of children during MRI examinations. Particularities in children with a brain tumor (frequency of examinations, neuropsychological deficits (attention, memory)) have a significant impact on methods and are given special consideration in this study. The aim of the present study was to (1) evaluate the effectiveness of an MRI training program and to investigate the moderating factors for successful MRI examination for a group of young patients with pediatric brain tumors and/or NF1 and (2) to examine the effect of the training on the patient’s well-being.
Methods
A total of 87 patients of the neuro-oncology unit (mean age: 6.83 years) underwent a two-step program to prepare children for MRI, including an in vitro strategy training inside the scanner and were recorded using a process-oriented screening (emotional wellbeing and level of information), which was developed for this purpose. All data was analyzed retrospectively and the data of a subgroup of 17 patients was also analyzed prospectively (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04474678).
Results
81% of the children who had received MRI training managed to successfully undergo the MRI scan without sedation and/or anesthesia making the success rate almost five times as high as in the group that did not receive the intervention. Memory, attentional difficulties, and hyperactivity were significant neuropsychological moderators for successful or unsuccessful scanning. Furthermore, the training was effective in improving the psychological well-being of the patients.
Conclusion
Based on the results, the MRI training is an effective alternative to sedation of young patients for MRI examinations and a promising tool for improving patient well-being related to the diagnostic procedure. However, specialized psychological staff and an interdisciplinary approach are required to adapt the intervention to the children’s individual neuropsychological needs.
Trial registration number:
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04474678
Microarray Analysis Reveals the Potential Molecular Mechanism of Lp299v in Stable Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease
Authors: Fu Zhenyang , Song Xiaolei , Shen Anna , Zhou Tao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A growing body of evidence has confirmed that inflammatory mechanisms are involved in the formation and treatment of coronary atherosclerotic disease (CAD). An increase in circulatory levels of inflammatory cytokines has been found in patients with CAD, while the molecular mechanisms of inflammation still remain elusive. This study was designed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and to explore the molecular mechanism and core genes that are involved in the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v (Lp299v) supplementation. Microarray dataset (GSE156357) was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The DEGs were identified by the R software. Then, the Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses and construction of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were performed by DAVID, STRING, and Cytoscape. In daily alcohol user (DAU) group, 7,541 DEGs were identified, including 206 up-regulated and 7,335 down-regulated DEGs. In non-daily alcohol user (non-DAU) group, 2,799 DEGs were identified (2,491 up-regulated and 308 down-regulated DEGs). The GO enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs were mainly enriched in cell division, mitosis, and chemotactic cytokines. The KEGG enrichment analysis showed that Lp299v supplementation reduced the levels of chemotactic cytokines, and weakened immune response. Proteins of G protein-coupled receptor, inflammatory response, regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis-related proteins were found in the PPI network. The core genes were associated with G protein-coupled receptor, inflammatory response, and cell proliferation and apoptosis. The weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) enriched the DEGs in 4 modules. This study indicated the expressions of chemokine receptors and regulation of immune response in the Lp299v supplementation. Meanwhile, it was supposed that chemokine receptors may have a cellular effect.
Achieving Reversible Superhydrophobic-Superhydrophilic Switching of Lignocellulosic Paper Surface with Modified Nano-TiO2 Coating
Authors: Li Yulei , Shi Baoying , Luan Xiayu , Hao Zhanhua , Wang Yufeng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Environmentally friendly flexible materials with functionalities such as reversibly tunable wettability have become much sought after because of their great potential for biological, chemical and electronic applications. We prepared a flexible superhydrophobic material by coating the hydrophobic nano-TiO2 particles on lignocellulosic paper. The coated paper surfaces exhibited a reversible switching between superhydrophobicity and superhydrophilicity through UV irradiation and heating, respectively. After the UV irradiation treatment for about 100 minutes, the wettability of the coated paper is switched from superhydrophobicity to superhydrophilicity. After the coated paper with superhydrophilicity is heated for 25 hours, the water contact angle (WCA) recovers to the original superhydrophobic state. Compared to the literatures, the switching time between two kinds of superwettability is significantly reduced. SEM images and XPS spectra indicate that the change in chemical composition of the coated paper surface is responsible for the reversible switching of wettability. The coated paper developed in this study is an attractive smart material with reversibly switchable wettability which has significant potential application in many fields which require tunable wettability.