bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fusion of fully integrated analog machine learning classifier with electronic medical records for real-time prediction of sepsis onset
Authors: Sadasivuni Sudarsan , Saha Monjoy , Bhatia Neal , Banerjee Imon , Sanyal Arindam 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe objective of this work is to develop a fusion artificial intelligence (AI) model that combines patient electronic medical record (EMR) and physiological sensor data to accurately predict early risk of sepsis. The fusion AI model has two components—an on-chip AI model that continuously analyzes patient electrocardiogram (ECG) data and a cloud AI model that combines EMR and prediction scores from on-chip AI model to predict fusion sepsis onset score. The on-chip AI model is designed using analog circuits for sepsis prediction with high energy efficiency for integration with resource constrained wearable device. Combination of EMR and sensor physiological data improves prediction performance compared to EMR or physiological data alone, and the late fusion model has an accuracy of 93% in predicting sepsis 4 h before onset. The key differentiation of this work over existing sepsis prediction literature is the use of single modality patient vital (ECG) and simple demographic information, instead of comprehensive laboratory test results and multiple vital signs. Such simple configuration and high accuracy makes our solution favorable for real-time, at-home use for self-monitoring.
Vulnerability to climate change of species in protected areas in Thailand
Authors: Pomoim Nirunrut , Hughes Alice C. , Trisurat Yongyut , Corlett Richard T. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAlthough 23% of Thailand’s land is in protected areas, these are vulnerable to climate change. We used spatial distribution modelling for 866 vertebrate and 591 plant species to understand potential climate change impacts on species in protected areas. Most mammals, birds, and plants were projected to decline by 2070, but most amphibians and reptiles were projected to increase. By 2070 under RCP8.5, 54% of modeled species will be threatened and 11 nationally extinct. However, SDMs are sensitive to truncation of the climate space currently occupied by habitat loss and hunting, and apparent truncation by data limitations. In Thailand, lowland forest clearance has biased records for forest-dependent species to cooler uplands (> 250 m a.s.l.) and hunting has confined larger vertebrates to well-protected areas. In contrast, available data is biased towards lowland non-forest taxa for amphibians and reptiles. Niche truncation may therefore have resulted in overestimation of vulnerability for some mammal and plant species, while data limitations have likely led to underestimation of the threat to forest-dependent amphibians and reptiles. In view of the certainty of climate change but the many uncertainties regarding biological responses, we recommend regular, long-term monitoring of species and communities to detect early signals of climate change impacts.
Elements of chronic disease management service system: an empirical study from large hospitals in China
Authors: Zhao Shuzhen , Du Renjie , He Yanhua , He Xiaoli , Jiang Yaxin , Zhang Xinli 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAt present, more patients suffer from multiple chronic diseases. However, the hospital's existing chronic disease management is carried out according to the department. This means that a patient needs to go to more than one department for a chronic disease treatment. Therefore, this study proposes 6 dimensions (organizational management, medical service support, medical service, community alliance, self-management support, management information system) and 36 questions, to help evaluate the current chronic disease management system in China's large third-class hospitals. In this study, 143 survey samples from doctors and nurses were collected. A principal component analysis was used to extract three key elements of chronic disease management service delivery system (service management organization, management information system, medical core service). Then, multiple regression was used to establish the relationship model between the overall performance of the system and the main elements. Three key service nodes of the system (medical specialist support, patient tracking management and personalized intervention) were determined according to the weight of the regression model. The regression coefficients of the above three main elements show a similar impact on the overall performance of the system, but the key service nodes under each major element have relative differences, including medical specialist support, patient tracking management and personalized intervention. Finally, to establish a chronic disease management system with multiple departmental continuous care for chronic diseases, it is necessary to improve the chronic disease management system from three aspects of medical specialty support, patient tracking management and personalized intervention. This paper proposes corresponding improvement strategies.
The thickness of the ventral medial prefrontal cortex predicts the prior-entry effect for allocentric representation in near space
Authors: Huang Jie , Wang Aijun , Tang Xiaoyu , Zhang Ming 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNeuropsychological studies have demonstrated that the preferential processing of near-space and egocentric representation is associated with the self-prioritization effect (SPE). However, relatively little is known concerning whether the SPE is superior to the representation of egocentric frames or near-space processing in the interaction between spatial reference frames and spatial domains. The present study adopted the variant of the shape-label matching task (i.e., color-label) to establish an SPE, combined with a spatial reference frame judgment task, to examine how the SPE leads to preferential processing of near-space or egocentric representations. Surface-based morphometry analysis was also adopted to extract the cortical thickness of the ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) to examine whether it could predict differences in the SPE at the behavioral level. The results showed a significant SPE, manifested as the response of self-associated color being faster than that of stranger-associated color. Additionally, the SPE showed a preference for near-space processing, followed by egocentric representation. More importantly, the thickness of the vmPFC could predict the difference in the SPE on reference frames, particularly in the left frontal pole cortex and bilateral rostral anterior cingulate cortex. These findings indicated that the SPE showed a prior entry effect for information at the spatial level relative to the reference frame level, providing evidence to support the structural significance of the self-processing region.
Locoregional tumor burden and risk of mortality in metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Yang Sherry X. , Hewitt Stephen M. , Yu John 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe role of lymph node involvement and tumor size in metastatic disease including breast cancer is unclear. Here, nodal metastasis and T stage on the risk of mortality were investigated in de novo metastatic breast cancer population (35812 patients) in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program database in the United States. We found an association between all-cause mortality and regional node involvement (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 1.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.36–1.55, p < 0.0001) or T stage (HR = 1.20, 95% CI 1.14–1.25, p < 0.0001), independent of known clinicopathologic measurements. Number of positive nodes, and size and chest wall involvement of the breast tumors exhibited similar significance for breast cancer-specific mortality in the population (p < 0.0001 each), and all-cause mortality in hormone receptor (HR)-positive/HER2-negative (HR+/HER2–), HR+/HER2+, HR–/HER2+ and triple-negative metastatic breast cancer subtypes. Thus, nodal involvement and T stage are independent risk factors for mortality in the population of de novo metastatic breast cancer.
Dual-phase MoS2/MXene/CNT ternary nanohybrids for efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Wei Sichen , Fu Yu , Liu Maomao , Yue Hongyan , Park Sehwan , Lee Young Hee , Li Huamin , Yao Fei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTwo-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has been recognized as a potential substitution of platinum (Pt) for electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, the broad adoption of MoS2 is hindered by its limited number of active sites and low inherent electrical conductivity. In this work, we employed a one-step solvothermal synthesis technique to construct a ternary hybrid structure consisting of dual-phase MoS2, titanium carbide (Ti3C2) MXene, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and demonstrated synergistic effects for active site exposure, surface area enlargement, and electrical conductivity improvement of the catalyst. The dual-phase MoS2 (DP-MoS2) is directly formed on the MXene with CNTs acting as crosslinks between 2D islands. The existence of edge-enriched metallic phase MoS2, the conductive backbone of MXene along with the crosslink function of CNTs clearly improves the overall HER performance of the ternary nanocomposite. Moreover, the integration of MoS2 with MXene not only increases the interlayer distance of the 2D layers but also partially suppresses the MXene oxidation and the 2D layer restacking, leading to good catalytic stability. As a result, an overpotential of 169 mV and a low Tafel slope of 51 mV/dec was successfully achieved. This work paves a way for 2D-based electrocatalyst engineering and sheds light on the development of the next-generation noble metal-free HER electrocatalysts.
Cell environment shapes TDP-43 function with implications in neuronal and muscle disease
Authors: Šušnjar Urša , Škrabar Neva , Brown Anna-Leigh , Abbassi Yasmine , Phatnani Hemali ,   NYGC ALS Consortium, Phatnani H. , Fratta P. , Kwan J. , Sareen D. , Broach J. R. , Simmons Z. , Arcila-Londono X. , Lee E. B. , Van Deerlin V. M. , Shneider N. A. , Fraenkel E. , Ostrow L. W. , Baas F. , Berry J. D. , Butovsky O. , Baloh R. H. , Shalem Ophir , Heiman-Patterson T. , Stefanis L. , Chandran S. , Pal S. , Smith C. , Malaspina A. , Hammell M. G. , Patsopoulos N. A. , Dubnau J. , Poss M. , Zhang B. , Zaitlen N. , Hornstein E. , Miller T. M. , Dardiotis E. , Bowser R. , Menon V. , Harms M. , Atassi N. , Lange D. J. , MacGowan D. J. , McMillan C. , Aronica E. , Harris B. , Ravits J. , Crary J. , Thompson L. M. , Raj T. , Paganoni S. , Adams D. J. , Babu S. , Drory V. , Gotkine M. , Broce I. , Phillips-Cremins J. , Nath A. , Finkbeiner S. , Cox G. A. , Cortese Andrea , Cereda Cristina , Bugiardini Enrico , Cardani Rosanna , Meola Giovanni , Ripolone Michela , Moggio Maurizio , Romano Maurizio , Secrier Maria , Fratta Pietro , Buratti Emanuele 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTDP-43 (TAR DNA-binding protein 43) aggregation and redistribution are recognised as a hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. As TDP-43 inclusions have recently been described in the muscle of inclusion body myositis patients, this highlights the need to understand the role of TDP-43 beyond the central nervous system. Using RNA-seq, we directly compare TDP-43-mediated RNA processing in muscle (C2C12) and neuronal (NSC34) mouse cells. TDP-43 displays a cell-type-characteristic behaviour targeting unique transcripts in each cell-type, which is due to characteristic expression of RNA-binding proteins, that influence TDP-43’s performance and define cell-type specific splicing. Among splicing events commonly dysregulated in both cell lines, we identify some that are TDP-43-dependent also in human cells. Inclusion levels of these alternative exons are altered in tissues of patients suffering from FTLD and IBM. We therefore propose that TDP-43 dysfunction contributes to disease development either in a common or a tissue-specific manner.
Meta-validation of bipartite network projections
Authors: Cimini Giulio , Carra Alessandro , Didomenicantonio Luca , Zaccaria Andrea 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMonopartite projections of bipartite networks are useful tools for modeling indirect interactions in complex systems. The standard approach to identify significant links is statistical validation using a suitable null network model, such as the popular configuration model (CM) that constrains node degrees and randomizes everything else. However different CM formulations exist, depending on how the constraints are imposed and for which sets of nodes. Here we systematically investigate the application of these formulations in validating the same network, showing that they lead to different results even when the same significance threshold is used. Instead a much better agreement is obtained for the same density of validated links. We thus propose a meta-validation approach that allows to identify model-specific significance thresholds for which the signal is strongest, and at the same time to obtain results independent of the way in which the null hypothesis is formulated. We illustrate this procedure using data on scientific production of world countries.
Ad hoc learning of peptide fragmentation from mass spectra enables an interpretable detection of phosphorylated and cross-linked peptides
Authors: Altenburg Tom , Giese Sven H. , Wang Shengbo , Muth Thilo , Renard Bernhard Y. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMass spectrometry-based proteomics provides a holistic snapshot of the entire protein set of living cells on a molecular level. Currently, only a few deep learning approaches exist that involve peptide fragmentation spectra, which represent partial sequence information of proteins. Commonly, these approaches lack the ability to characterize less studied or even unknown patterns in spectra because of their use of explicit domain knowledge. Here, to elevate unrestricted learning from spectra, we introduce ‘ad hoc learning of fragmentation’ (AHLF), a deep learning model that is end-to-end trained on 19.2 million spectra from several phosphoproteomic datasets. AHLF is interpretable, and we show that peak-level feature importance values and pairwise interactions between peaks are in line with corresponding peptide fragments. We demonstrate our approach by detecting post-translational modifications, specifically protein phosphorylation based on only the fragmentation spectrum without a database search. AHLF increases the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) by an average of 9.4% on recent phosphoproteomic data compared with the current state of the art on this task. Furthermore, use of AHLF in rescoring search results increases the number of phosphopeptide identifications by a margin of up to 15.1% at a constant false discovery rate. To show the broad applicability of AHLF, we use transfer learning to also detect cross-linked peptides, as used in protein structure analysis, with an AUC of up to 94%.
Multilayers for directed energy accelerated lightsails
Authors: Santi Giovanni , Favaro Giulio , Corso Alain J. , Lubin Philip , Bazzan Marco , Ragazzoni Roberto , Garoli Denis , Pelizzo Maria G. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA lightsail accelerated via directed energy is a candidate technology to send a probe into the deep space in a time period compatible with human life. The light emitted by a ground-based large-aperture phased laser array is directed onto the lightsail to produce a thrust by transferring the momentum of the incident photons. Here we demonstrate that optimized multilayer structures allow ultralight spacecraft being accelerated by laser radiation pressure up to 20% of the light velocity, and eventually even above, as long as a compromise between efficiency and weight is achieved. Layer materials are selected to provide high reflectance in the Doppler-shifted laser wavelength range as well as high emissivity in the infrared, this last characteristic being required to survive to the temperature increase during the acceleration phase.
Aspects of Pelvic Floor Protection in Spontaneous Delivery – a Review
Authors: Hübner Markus , Rothe Christiane , Plappert Claudia , Baeßler Kaven 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe necessity of increasingly addressing aspects of pelvic floor protection, i.e., prevention of the most frequent female pelvic floor disorders, such as urinary incontinence, faecal
incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse, is the result of the steadily improving understanding of the association of pregnancy and delivery with the prevalence of these disorders. About a
quarter of all women experience one or more such symptoms during their life. Apart from age and weight, pregnancies and births play an important part. While initial discussion of pelvic
floor protection often focused very rapidly on the mode of delivery and elective caesarean section as a possible protective intervention, it has become apparent in the last few decades how
varied and wide-ranging the options are that can be used to protect against pelvic floor disorders. The mode of delivery as such is “only” one element among numerous other considerations and
has diminished markedly in importance. Interprofessionality and interdisciplinarity undoubtedly represent an important development as resulting recommendations must always be incorporated in
an overall context that considers mother and child at the same time. Considering the pelvic floor only certainly does not make sense. This review article will analyze in greater detail
important pre-, intra- and postpartum aspects that in their entirety can provide insight into the various aspects of pelvic floor protection. The authors regard the following article as an
additional basis for discussion on achieving a sustained reduction in the incidence and prevalence of female pelvic floor disorders.
Diagnosis and Therapy of Iron Deficiency Anemia During Pregnancy: Recommendation of the Austrian Society for Gynecology and Obstetrics (OEGGG)
Authors: Fischer Thorsten , Helmer Hanns , Klaritsch Philipp , Fazelnia Claudius , Bogner Gerhard , Hillerer Katharina M. , Wohlmuth Christoph , Jaksch-Bogensperger Heidi ,   for the Board of the Austrian Society for Gynecolgy and Obstetrics (OEGGG)
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis overview analyzes the data on the controversial therapy of iron substitution during pregnancy, the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia and the indication-related therapy, and is the
first recommendation issued by the OEGGG on the appropriate therapy. The effects of anemia during pregnancy on postnatal outcomes have been intensively investigated with heterogeneous
results. A final scientific conclusion with regards to the “optimal” maternal hemoglobin level is limited by the heterogeneous results of various studies, many of which were conducted in
emerging nations (with different dietary habits and structural differences in the respective healthcare systems). The current literature even suggests that there may be a connection between
both decreased and increased maternal serum hemoglobin concentrations and unfavorable short-term and long-term neonatal outcomes. In Austria, 67 percent of pregnant women take
pharmacological supplements or use a variety of dietary supplements. Clinically, the prevalence of maternal anemia is often overestimated, leading to overtreatment of pregnant women (iron
substitution without a medical indication). To obtain a differential diagnosis, a workup of the indications for treatment should be carried out prior to initiating any form of iron
substitution during pregnancy. If treatment is medically indicated, oral iron substitution is usually sufficient. Because of the restricted approval and potential side effects, medical
indications for intravenous iron substitution should be limited. Intravenous iron substitution without a prior detailed diagnostic workup is an off-label use and should only be used in very
limited cases, and women should be advised accordingly.
Frequency of Injuries to Women after Sexual Offense – Relevance of a Gynecology Examination
Authors: Klasen Caroline M. , Meyer Luise , Anders Sven , Lohner Larissa , Ondruschka Benjamin , Pinnschmidt Hans , Püschel Klaus , Schmalfeldt Barbara , Seifert Dragana , Wilmes Sandra , Witzel Isabell 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction Up to a third of women worldwide report having experienced an act of sexual violence during their lifetime. The emergency gynecology department is often the first port
of call for affected individuals. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the importance of gynecology examinations for women after a sexual offense and to evaluate the pattern of
injuries sustained.
Methods This study is a retrospective single center analysis of the gynecology and forensic examination reports of all women examined for a suspected sexual offense in the central
emergency department of a university hospital between 2013 and 2017 (n = 692). We evaluated genital and extragenital injury patterns, age, offender profile, time of offense, and substance
use, as well as the administration of post-coital contraception and post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV.
Results The affected individuals had a mean age of 26 (12 – 91 years). Almost 75% of affected individuals presented within 24 hours of the reported sexual offense. Extragenital
injuries were detected in 78.6% of patients and genital injuries in 28.5%. Overall, 20.1% of the women reported complete memory loss and 18.7% partial memory loss of the actual event. Risk
factors for memory lapse were the consumption of alcohol and/or the (possibly non-consensual) administration of other substances acting on the central nervous system. A history of alcohol
consumption by the victim (hazard ratio [HR] 1.95; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21 – 3.12, p = 0.006) and younger victims aged between 25 – 49 years (HR 1.75; 95% CI 1.07 – 2.85,
p = 0.025) were associated with the occurrence of extragenital injuries. However, if the perpetrator was someone who was known to the affected individual, fewer extragenital injuries were
sustained (HR 0.60; 95% CI 0.36 – 0.99, p = 0.046). Reports of genital injuries, associated with an older age of affected individuals and indications of anal penetration, resulted in more
frequent administration of post-exposure prophylaxis (29.1% vs. 19.5%, p < 0.012) and hepatitis B (active) vaccination (40% vs. 28.5%, p < 0.028).
Conclusion Emergency gynecology examinations form a fundamental component of the medical care and the assessment of affected women after a sexual offense, since almost a third of
victims sustain injuries to the genital region. In addition to a detailed complete physical examination and expert forensic documentation of physical and genital injuries, victims should
also be offered psychological support which is easy for them to access.