bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co-composting of cattle manure and wheat straw covered with a semi-permeable membrane: Organic matter humification and bacterial community succession
Authors: Song Yingjin , Li Ruiyi , Wang Yuxin , Hou Yu , Chen Guanyi , Yan Beibei , cheng zhanjun , Mu Lan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Semi-permeable membrane covered composting is one of the most commonly used composting technologies in northeast China, but its humification process is not yet well understood. This study employed a semi-permeable membrane-covered composting system to detect the organic matter humification and bacterial community evolution patterns over the course of agricultural waste composting. Variations in physicochemical properties, humus composition and bacterial communities were studied. The results suggested that membrane covering improved humic acid (HA) content and degree of polymerization (DP) by 9.28% and 21.57%, respectively. Bacterial analysis indicated that membrane covering reduced the bacterial richness and increased the bacterial diversity. Membrane covering mainly affected the bacterial community structure during thermophilic period of composting. RDA analysis revealed that membrane covering may affect the bacterial community by altering the physicochemical properties such as moisture content. Correlation analysis showed that membrane covering activated the dominant genera Saccharomonospora and Planktosalinus to participate in the formation of HS and HA in composting, thus promoting HS formation and its structural complexity. Membrane covering significantly reduced microbial metabolism during the cooling phase of composting.
Neural Network Prediction of Porosity and Permeability of Shaly Gas Sandstone Reservoir Using NMR Data
Authors: Hamada Ghareb , Abushanab Mahmoud 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Petrophysical evaluation of shaly gas sand reservoirs is one of the most difficult problems. These reservoirs usually produce from multiple layers with different permeability and complex formation, which is often enhanced by natural fracturing. In this study, we propose a new model to predict porosity and permeability using derived data from NMR. The developed Neural Network (NN) model uses the NMR T2 pin values, and density and resistivity logs to predict porosity, and permeability for two test wells. The NN trained model has displayed good correlation with core porosity and permeability values, and with the NMR derived porosity and permeability in the test wells. This work focuses on determination of porosity (DMR) from combination of density porosity and NMR porosity and permeability from NMR logs using Bulk Gas Magnetic Resonance Permeability (KBGMR). Neural network (NN) technique is used to predict formation porosity and permeability using NMR and conventional logging data. Predicted porosity and permeability have shown a good correlation with core porosity and permeability in the studied shaly gas sand reservoir.
Conditioning of Matrix Functions of Quasi-triangular Matrices
Authors: Al-Mohy Awad 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

The area of matrix functions has received growing interest for a long period of time due to their growing applications.Having a numerical algorithm for a matrix function, the ideal situation is to have an estimate or bound for the error returned alongside the solution.Condition numbers serve this purpose; they measure the first order sensitivity of matrix functions to perturbations in the input data.We have observed that the existing crude condition number leads most of time to inferior bounds of relative forward errors for matrix functions of triangular and quasi-triangular matrices. We propose a condition number of matrix functions exploiting the structure of triangular and quasi-triangular matrices and derive an algorithm for exact computation of the condition number and another one for its estimation. The computational cost of the new condition number is no bigger than the existing unstructured one. Finally, our numerical experiment shows that the new condition number captures the behavior of the numerical algorithms and provides reasonable sharp bounds for the relative forward errors.
Effect of Aerobic Combined with Resistance Training on Obese Women After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectom
Authors: Yun Hezhang , Sun Yaowei , teng Jin , Su Yuhui , Sang Qian , Zhang Wenbo , Zhao Haotian , Liu Chang , Song Yafeng , Hua Meng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective

This study aims to explore the effect of exercise on obese female patients after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectom.

Methods

Sixteen obese women after weight loss were randomly divided into the exercise group (EG,n = 8) and the control group (CG,n = 8).The EG received aerobic combined resistance training for 4 weeks, 3 times a week (training every other day) for 70 minutes, while the CG did not participate in any exercise.The dietitian for each subject formulated the diet plan according to their postoperative diet management.

Results

The HC decreased more in the CG than in the EG, with a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). The decrease in BF%,TF, and VFA in the EG was greater than that in the CG, and the difference was significant.(P < 0.05). The BRM decreased more in the CG than in the EG, with a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). The HR, SBP and DBP in the EG were lower than those in the pre-test, and HR decreased significantly after exercise, while those in the CG showed an upward trend. The range of changes before and after FBG in the CG was higher than that in the EG, and there was a very significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.01), while the HDL-C in the CG decreased significantly compared with the pre-test, while the EG showed an upward trend, and there was a very significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.01). The 6MWT, STS and ACT of the two groups were significantly higher than those of the pretest, and the improvement of 6MWT and STS EG was higher than that of the CG.

Conclusions

Aerobic combined resistance training can (1) improve body weight proportion, reduce body fat content and slow down the loss of protein and skeletal muscle. (2) maintain the relative stability of FBG and has a specific effect on improving hypoglycemia.The increase of HDL-C level after weight loss surgery is related to exercise. (3) plays a positive role in the decrease of heart rate and blood pressure after weight loss surgery.
The cell developmental atlas of human embryonic temporomandibular joint
Authors: Zhu Qianqi , Tan Miaoying , Wang Chengniu , Chen Yufei , Wang Chenfei , Zhang Junqi , Gu Yijun , Guo Yuqi , Han Jianpeng , Li Lei , Jiang Rongrong , Fan Xudong , Xie Huimin , Wang Liang , Gu Zhifeng , Liu Dong , Shi Jianwu , Feng Xingmei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a complex joint consisting of the mandibular condyle, temporal articular surface, and articular disc. The functions of mastication, swallowing and articulation are accomplished by the movements of the TMJ. To date, the TMJ has been studied more extensively, but the study of the TMJ is limited by the type of TMJ cells, their differentiation, and their interrelationship during growth and development is unclear. The aim of this study is to establish a molecular cellular developmental atlas of the human TMJ by single-cell RNA sequencing, which will contribute to understanding and solving.
Results: We performed a comprehensive transcriptome analysis of TMJ tissue from 3- and 4-month-old human embryos using single-cell RNA sequencing. A total of 15,624 cells were captured and the gene expression profiles of 15 cell populations in human TMJ were determined, including 14 known cell types and a previously unknown cell type named "transition state cells (TSCs)". Immunofluorescence assays confirmed that TSCs are not the same cell cluster as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Pseudotime trajectory and RNA velocity analysis showed that MSCs transformed into TSCs, and TSCs further differentiated into tenocytes, hypertrophic chondrocytes and osteoblasts. In addition, chondrocytes were detected only in 4-month-old human embryonic TMJ.
Conclusions: Our study provides an atlas of the earlier cellular development of human embryonic TMJ tissue, which will contribute to a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of TMJ tissue during repair and ultimately help to solve clinical problems.
Pre-COVID resting-state brain activity in the fusiform gyrus prospectively predicts social anxiety alterations during the pandemic
Authors: Gong Qiyong , Li Qingyuan , Zhang Xun , Yang Xun , Pan Nanfang , He Min , Suo Xueling , Wang Song , Li Xiao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Persistent social anxiety (SA) has been reported to be associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, but the neurobiopsychological mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the neurofunctional markers for the development of SA during the pandemic and the potential roles of COVID-related posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in the brain-SA alterations link. Before the COVID-19 pandemic (T1), 100 general college students underwent baseline brain resting-state magnetic resonance imaging and behavioral tests for SA. During the period of community-level outbreaks (T2), these students were recontacted to undergo follow-up assessments of SA and COVID-related PTSS. Whole-brain correlation analyses and prediction analyses found that pre-pandemic spontaneous neural activity (measured by fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations) in the right fusiform gyrus (FG) was positively linked with SA alterations (T2 – T1) during the pandemic. Moreover, mediation analyses revealed a mediating role of COVID-specific PTSS in the association of right FG activity with SA alterations. Importantly, our results persisted even after adjusting for the effects of pre-pandemic family socioeconomic status, other stressful life events, and general anxiety. Overall, our study provides fresh evidence for neurofunctional markers of COVID-induced aggravation of SA and may help individuals vulnerable to SA exacerbation benefit from targeted clinical interventions.
Mites as a natural weapon against soil-borne fungal diseases
Authors: Shen Haoyang , Maeda Masayuki , Nagamine Tadashi , Wang Xueding , Shiratori Yutaka , Senoo Keishi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Crop diseases caused by soil-borne fungal pathogens are threatening worldwide biodiversity and food security, but the unavoidable chemical inputs used thus far for fungal pathogen control have led to environmental issues and the emergence of chemical resistance in pathogens. Here we show that native soil mesofauna can be used as a natural weapon against soil-borne fungal diseases. We found that the widespread soil mesofauna fungivores, represented by mites, naturally provide agricultural soils with resistance to fungal pathogens through fungal grazing. Furthermore, we found that such a preexisting resistance in soils can be artificially enhanced by modifying the belowground habitat of mites and thus exploited for the control of various soil-borne fungal diseases of crops. Our findings demonstrate that incorporating native mesofauna into the ‘environment dimension’ within the soil-borne ‘disease triangle’ and mesofauna grazing into ‘soil suppressiveness’ leads to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of soil-borne fungal diseases and opens a new direction for their control.
Profiling the peripheral immune response to ex vivo TNF stimulation in untreated juvenile idiopathic arthritis using single cell RNA sequencing.
Authors: Imbach Kathleen J. , Treadway Nicole J. , Prahalad Vaishali , Kosters Astrid , Arafat Dalia , Duan Meixue , Gergely Talia , Ponder Lori A. , Chandrakasan Shanmuganathan , Ghosn Eliver E.B , Prahalad Sampath , Gibson Greg 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is an autoimmune disease with a heterogenous clinical presentation and unpredictable response to available therapies. This personalized transcriptomics study sought proof-of-concept for single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize patient-specific immune profiles.
Methods Whole blood samples from six untreated children, newly diagnosed with JIA, and two healthy controls were cultured for 24hrs with or without ex vivo TNF stimulation and subjected to scRNAseq to examine cellular populations and transcript expression in PBMCs. A novel analytical pipeline, scPool, was developed wherein cells are first pooled into pseudocells prior to expression analysis, facilitating variance partitioning of the effects of TNF stimulus, JIA disease status, and individual donor.
Results 17 robust immune cell-types were identified, the abundance of which was significantly affected by TNF stimulus, which resulted in notable elevation of memory CD8+ T-cells and NK56 cells, but down-regulation of naïve B-cell proportions. Memory CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells were also both reduced in the JIA cases relative to two controls. Significant differential expression responses to TNF stimulus were also characterized, with monocytes showing more transcriptional shifts than T-lymphocyte subsets, while the B-cell response was more limited. We also show that donor variability exceeds the small degree of possible intrinsic differentiation between JIA and control profiles. An incidental finding of interest was association of HLA-DQA2 and HLA-DRB5 expression with JIA status.
Conclusions These results support the development of personalized immune-profiling combined with ex-vivo immune stimulation for evaluation of patient-specific modes of immune cell activity in autoimmune rheumatic disease.
A Robotic System for Remote Teaching of Technical Drawing
Authors: Hiroi Yutaka , Ito Akinori 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper describes a robotic system that supports remote teaching of technical drawing. The system aims to enable a remote class of paper-based technical drawing, where the students draw the drawing in a classroom, and the teacher gives instructions to the students from a remote place while confirming the paper drawing. The robotic system has a document camera for confirming the paper, a projector, a flat screen to project a cursor on the paper, and a video conference system for communication between the teacher and the student. We conducted two experiments; the first experiment verified that use of a projected cursor was useful for pointing the paper remotely. The second experiment was conducted in an actual drawing class, and the result showed that the students had a good impression of the system.
Hyperoside prevent Aβ42-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells and Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Wang Kexin , Zhang Xinyue , Zhang Miaosi , Li Xin , Xie Jiao , Liu Suwen , Huang Qun , Wang Jilite , Guo Qingbin , Wang hao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicines such as hyperoside-rich Acanthopanax senticosus and Crataegus pinnatifida have been confirmed to exhibit anti-oxidative stress properties. Hyperoside, the main ingredient of numerous antioxidant herbs, may have the ability to postpone the onset of neurodegenerative diseases This study investigates the possible therapeutic mechanism of hyperoside as a natural antioxidant against Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in Caenorhabditis elegans and PC12 cells. Specifically, hyperoside reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and Aβ42-induced neurotoxicity in C. elegans worms. Meanwhile, hyperoside reduced ROS production and increased mitochondrial membrane potentialin Aβ42-induced PC12 cells, which possibly due to the increase of antioxidant enzymes activity and the diminution of malondialdehyde levels. Hoechst 33342 staining and real-time PCR results suggested that hyperoside reverses cell apoptosis. Network pharmacology predicts potentially relevant hypericin targets and pathways in AD therapy. As anticipated, hyperoside reversed Aβ42-stimulated downregulation of the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2/HO-1. The PI3K inhibitor LY294002 partially abolished the protective capability of hyperoside. The results of molecular docking further indicated that the PI3K/Akt pathways may be involved in the protection of Aβ42-induced PC12 cells by hyperoside treatment. The study provides theoretical information for research and development of hyperoside as an antioxidant dietary supplement.
Vasopressin as adjunctive therapy in pulmonary hypertension associated with refractory systemic hypotension in term newborns
Authors: Santelices Felipe , Masoli Daniela , Kattan Javier , Toso Alberto , Luco Matias 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective. The aim of our study is to describe the effects of vasopressin on term infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension under a standardized protocol.
Study Design: In 2019, we designed a standardized protocol for the management of refractory hypotension in the context of pulmonary hypertension, which included the use of vasopressin. This is a retrospective cohort study to evaluate the clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic outcomes of patients who required vasopressin in the context of this new protocol in a referral level IV neonatal intensive care unit.
Results: We included 48 neonates with a median gestational age of 37 weeks in a period of 30 months (December 2019 to May 2022). Congenital diaphragmatic hernia was the main cause of persistent pulmonary hypertension in this cohort (82%). All patients were on mechanical ventilation and receiving inhaled nitric oxide.
In our cohort at 4 hours after initiation of vasopressin, blood pressure, serum pH, and urinary output increased significantly. The vasoactive inotropic score, lactate and oxygenation index decreased. Echocardiographic follow-up also showed a decrease in the relative pressure of the right ventricle and an improvement in the cardiac output of both ventricles. There were no episodes of severe hyponatremia (<120 mmol/L).
Discussion: This study showed that the use of vasopressin in neonates with persistent pulmonary hypertension and refractory systemic hypotension was associated with a rapid and significant improvement in oxygenation and hemodynamic markers of perfusion, including blood pressure. This association was early during the first hours of treatment and vasopressin was safely withdrawn after a median of 3 days of treatment.
Well posedness and exponential stability of a thermoelastic Shear beam model
Authors: Benmoussa Asma , Fareh Abdelfeteh , Messaoudi Salim A. , Alahyane Mohamed 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this work we investigate a thermoelastic shear beammodel with thermal dissipation. We prove a well posedness result by the use of the Faedo--Galerkin method and the exponential stability by the multiplier method. cOur result improves the stability results obtained for certain thermoelasticTimoshenko type systems in the sense that we do not require any relationshipbetween the wave speeds since our system has only one wave speed. We also give by the end some numerical experiments to illustrate our theoretical results.
Effect of Preprocessing and Loss Functions on a Novel Dataset: An Application on MRI-Based Prostate Lesion Segmentation using U-Net
Authors: Gurkan Caglar , Budak Abdulkadir , Karatas Hakan , Akin Kayihan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the riskiest types of cancer, while it is the second most common type of cancer in men and it is likely to result in death. While the diagnosis of prostate cancer is vital, it is complex, time-consuming, and the technologies used in its diagnosis are limited. The need for high technology for the diagnosis of prostate cancer is increasing day by day. One of the technologies used in health nowadays is artificial intelligence. Therefore, artificial intelligence-supported decision support systems should be used in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. However, the number of studies using artificial intelligence for the diagnosis of prostate cancer is limited. One of the most important reasons for this is the fewness of open-source data sets. Therefore, in this study, a novel MRI data set was created by an expert radiologist. The U-Net model was trained and tested using this data set. Different preprocessing methods and loss functions were studied for the training of the model. The used preprocessing techniques are (i) min-max normalization technique, (ii) z-score normalization technique, (iii) min-max normalization technique on 256 by 256 pixels cropped images, (iv) z-score normalization technique on 256 by 256 pixels cropped images, and (v) patch-wise analysis on 256 by 256 pixels cropped images. The used loss functions are Cross-Entropy, Dice, IoU, Tversky, Focal Tversky loss functions, and compound loss functions of these. Considering the combination of preprocessing techniques and loss functions, the compound loss function of Cross-Entropy and Dice loss functions have outperformed the patch-wise analysis on 256 by 256 pixels cropped images. In this pipeline, the U-Net model achieved a 0.917 dice score, 0.846 IoU score, 0.890 sensitivity, 0.998 specificity, 0.945 precision, and 0.995 accuracy. Consequently, a decision support system was developed for the diagnosis of prostate cancer.
The impact of acetazolamide - the ionic surfactant on the double layer parameters at the R-AgLAFe/ chlorates(VII) interface
Authors: Martyna Marlena , Pawlak Alicja , Bazan-Woźniak Aleksandra , Nosal-Wiercińska Agnieszka , Pietrzak Robert 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Adsorption of acetazolamide (ACT) and the mixed adsorption layers of acetazolamide (ACT) - sodium 1-decanesulfonate (SDS) and acetazolamide - hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) formed at the R-AgLAFe/ chlorates(VII) interface is described. The systems were characterized by the measurements of differential capacity, potential of zero charge, and surface tension at this potential. The adsorption parameters determined in the studied systems indicate the SDS domination in the adsorption equilibria formation and the competitive adsorption between the ACT - SDS or mixed micelles. However, acetazolamide dominates in the formation of adsorption equilibria of the ACT - CTAB mixture.
Determining the Clinical Value of Routine Post-operative follow-up in Common Paediatric Surgical Conditions: Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Menon Revathy , Pathak Manish , Nayak Shubhalaxmi , Gupta Manoj Kumar , Saxena Rahul , Jadhav Avinash , Rathod Kirtikumar , Sinha Arvind 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND:
The traditional postoperative visit consists of an in-person hospital visit at a predetermined date requiring investment of time and resources. This study aims to determine , clinical value of routine post-operative physical follow-up for common paediatric surgery conditions, identifying factors determining the need and estimating the cost of follow-up.
METHODOLOGY:
Data of 226 patients admitted for routine paediatric surgical procedures were collected.
The postoperative period was documented in detail and interventions done either physically or telephonically at follow-up were used as a proxy measure of clinical value.
RESULTS:
Out of 226 patients, 64.6% followed up physically and 35.4%, telephonically. Maximum patients with post-operative complications belonged to laparotomy group (22.2%) followed by complicated appendicitis (15.6%). Thirty (13.3%) patients required clinical intervention at follow-up. Patients with requirements of clinical intervention were observed to follow-up earlier than routine follow-up date, either by telemedicine or physical follow-up.
CONCLUSION:
Patients undergoing simpler procedures have lesser complications translating to fewer clinic visits whereas those undergoing procedures such as appendectomy and laparotomy require a physical follow-up since they are more susceptible to develop complications requiring interventions. By selecting patients for physical visit we can potentially eliminate unnecessary postoperative visits.
Type of study: Prospective Observational Study
Level of evidence: Level III