bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing the Protection of Influenza Virus Vaccines with BECC TLR4 Adjuvant in Aged Mice
Authors: Frieman Matthew , Haupt Robert , Baracco Lauren , Harberts Erin , Loganathan Madhumathi , Kerstetter Lucas , Krammer Florian , Coughlan Lynda , Ernst Robert 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) is a leading cause of respiratory disease worldwide often resulting in severe morbidity and mortality. We have previously shown that the Bacterial Enzymatic Combinatorial Chemistry (BECC) adjuvants, BECC438 and BECC470, formulated with an influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) protein vaccine, offer greater protection from influenza virus challenge in mouse respiratory models using adult mice than standard HA:adjuvant combinations. In this study, we determined that immunization with HA + BECC adjuvants also significantly broadened the epitopes targeted on HA as compared with other adjuvants, resulting in increased titers of antibodies directed against the highly conserved HA stalk domain. Importantly, we demonstrate that BECC470 combined with an influenza virus HA protein antigen in a prime-only immunization regimen was able to achieve complete protection from challenge in a ~ 12-month-old mouse aged model. Together, this demonstrates the heightened protection provided by the BECC470 adjuvant in an influenza virus vaccine model and shows the enhanced immune response, as compared to other adjuvants elicited by the formulation of HA with BECC470.
Hydrogeochemical characterization and quality assessment of groundwater based on water quality index in urban area in SE Nigeria.
Authors: OSISANYA WASIU , Agho Funmilola Ife-Olu , Saleh Saleh Alhaji , Etinosa Thompson 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Water Quality Index (WQI), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Correlation matrix, Metal Pollution Index (MPI), Contamination Factor (CF), Pollution Load Index (PLI), Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Health Risk Assessment, and Hydrogeochemical facies were used to analyze statistical indexes and hydrogeochemical facies in groundwater resources within the study area. All across the study area, twenty (20) groundwater samples were collected in a systematic manner. The samples were examined in accordance with the American Public Health Association standard (APHA) method. Findings from the study revealed that WQI, is of poor quality and should only be used for irrigation. Weathering and redox reactions are important in groundwater geochemistry, according to PCA results. TDS and Cl, HCO3 and Zn, Cl; Mg and Ca, Ca and Na were all found to have a positive correlation in the correlation matrix while PH and K, HCO3 and Fe, Cl and SO4 are found to have a negative correlation in the correlation matrix. The findings show that the items have a weak correlation and that there is no relationship between the two variables. Further MPI, CF, and PLI findings revealed that groundwater is pure, the main source of pollution is geological and anthropogenic processes, and there is no pollution in sampled groundwater. Hydrogeochemical trend revealed that groundwater is Na++K+ > HCO3¯+CO3 > Mg + > SO4 > Cl¯ > Ca+. Based on the finding, pre-use treatment of water resources is strongly advised.
The government of masks in sentinel territories against Covid-19: Dakar and Seine-Saint-Denis
Authors: Keck Frederic , Macia Enguerran 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The pandemic of Covid-19 has led to reluctance or resistance to wear a mask in countries that made it compulsory. The acceptance to wear a mask against respiratory diseases depends on conceptions of scientific authority and of the personality in the public space. It has material and symbolic dimensions that can be covered under the term “government of masks”. We have questioned populations on these two aspects in territories we call sentinel because they are more exposed than others to emerging infectious diseases: Dakar (Senegal) and Seine-Saint-Denis (France). Our results show that the perception of the state is different in these territories and determines the uses of masks against Covid-19. While in Seine-Saint-Denis, the state provides more masks than in Dakar, the trust in the efficacy of mask wearing is lower. From a symbolic point of view, the mask is for many people an intrusion of the state into the private sphere, which hinders physical contact between family members. On the contrary, from the material point of view, the mask is a need that manifests the presence of the welfare state to watch over the health of the population. A state that is both more coercive and more protective produces a lower level of adherence to mask-wearing recommendations than a state where prescribing authorities, particularly religious, are more diverse, and where individuals must obtain masks themselves.
A study of the Effectiveness of Central Bank Intervention in BRICS countries
Authors: B Anjaly 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper examined the Effectiveness of the intervention of the central bank and macroeconomic indicators with the exchange rates among BRICS countries. We found that foreign exchange intervention in Russia, India and China can reduce exchange rate volatility; thereby, they may be presumed effective in reducing the exchange rate volatility. Interestingly, the intervention by the central bank of Brazil was found to be insignificant, while the intervention from South Africa's central bank was found to increase exchange rate volatility. Based on these results, we conclude that the intervention of the central banks in Brazil and South Africa is ineffective in controlling volatility. The empirical results show an asymmetry in central bank intervention and the presence of Purchasing Power Parity theory in BRICS nations. More than that, the study found that the central bank fears appreciation rather than depreciation.
JEL Code: E58, F31.
Correlation between H-type hypertension and intracranial arterial dolichoectasia in hypertensive patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Wang Xunfen , Zhang Qiaoyang , Zhang Min , Yun Wenwei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
H-type hypertension was diagnosed with a combination of Hyperhomocysteine(HHCY) and hypertension. It is associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Nevertheless, the relationship between H-type hypertension and intracranial arterial dolichoectasia(IADE) is unclear. This study aimed to explore the relationship between H-type hypertension and IADE in hypertensive patients with acute ischemic stroke.
Methods
Patients with hypertension and acute ischemic stroke who were hospitalized in the Department of Neurology of Changzhou Second People's Hospital from June 2021 to February 2022 were consecutively collected. H-type hypertension is essential hypertension associated with serum homocysteine levels > 10 µmol/L. Patients were diagnosed with IADE (intracranial artery diameter, height of bifurcation of basilar artery, and laterality of basilar artery) based on MRI and CTA. IADE includes intracranial dolichoectasia and middle cerebral artery(ICDA), and vertebrobasilar artery dolichoectasia(VBD). ICDA was defined as internal carotid artery(ICA) diameter > 7mm and middle cerebral artery diameter(MCA) > 4mm. VBD was defined if the vertebral artery(VA) or basilar artery(BA) diameter was greater than 4.5mm and BA's lateral displacement and bifurcation height reached grade two or higher. To analyze the correlation between H-type hypertension and IADE. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used.
Results
355 patients with hypertension and acute ischemic stroke were enrolled, 102 had isolated hypertension, and 253 had H-type hypertension. Patients in the H-type hypertension group had a higher ratio of IADE (P = 0.002) and higher BAR score(P = 0.047) than the isolated hypertension group. The IADE group had a higher percentage of H-type hypertension(P = 0.002), a higher proportion of H-type hypertension grade (P = 0.003), and greater homocysteine levels (P = 0.009) than the non-IADE group. The degree of H-type hypertension was positively correlated with the BAR score(r = 0.125, P = 0.018). After controlling for age, sex, and uric acid, multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that H-type hypertension was an independent risk factor for IADE patients (OR, 2.537; 95%CI, 1.281–5.023; P = 0.008).
Conclusions
H-type hypertension is independently related to IADE in hypertensive patients with acute ischemic stroke. Controlling blood pressure and lowering homocysteine may reduce the risk of IADE.
Performance Evaluation of Meta-Heuristic Algorithms for Designing Multi-Objective Multi-Product Multi-Echelon Supply Chain Network
Authors: Duffuaa Salih O. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

In recent years, interest in designing multi-echelon, multi-product supply chains using multi-objective optimization has surged. This growing interest is exemplified by the number of studies published in this field. The resulting models for these cases are complex multi-objective optimization network models of a combinatorial nature. Exact algorithms can at best provide an Pareto optimal solution for medium size problems. In such situations, metaheuristic algorithms become a viable option for solving these kinds of problems. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to develop three meta-heuristic algorithms to solve large size multi-objective supply chain network design problems. The algorithms are based on tabu search, genetic algorithm, and simulated annealing to find near optimal global solutions. The three algorithms are designed, coded, tested, and their parameters are fine tuned. The exact ε-constraint algorithm embedded in the General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) is used to validate the results of the three algorithms. A well-designed study is used to compare the performance of the three algorithms based on several performance measures using sound statistical tests. A typical multi-objective supply chain model is used to compare the algorithms’ performance. The results show that the tabu search algorithm outperformed the other two algorithms in terms of the percent of domination and computation time. On the other hand, the simulated annealing solutions are the best in terms of their diversity.
Quadruplet expanded DNA (QED) genetic code for eukaryotic cells**
Authors: Singh Rama Shankar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
QED genetic code for eukaryotic cells is developed by analyzing triplet gene encoding and overcoming the lack of transcription and splicing controls. While verifying the triplet genetic code, Nobel laureate H.G. Khorana avoided synthesizing poly-rAU and poly- rCG, not promoting polypeptide formation. The QED codon is developed using these attributes. Here, the QED codon is assumed to comprise all four DNA bases (T, C, A, and G); the code is position-independent and symmetric. The adjacent bases (A: U) and (C: G) forming complementarity pairs naturally do not promote polypeptide formation; instead, they control the synthesis process, transcription, and splicing. Under these constraints, the resulting (4x4x4x4) 256 quadruplets fall into two groups: 20 independent codons encoding 20 canonical amino acids and 35 independent noncoding codons regulating the process, including transcription and splicing. Since gene variants lead to dysfunctional protein-causing diseases, steps to correct dysfunctional proteins are described, anticipating a strategy for developing cures for rare diseases and multigenic cancers.
P2RX7 promotes osteosarcoma progression and glucose metabolism by enhancing c-Myc stabilization
Authors: sheng gaohong , Gao Yuan , Ding Qing , Zhang Ruizhuo , Wang Tianqi , Jing Shaoze , Zhao Hongqi , Ma Tian , Wu Hua , Yang Yong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant tumor in bone and the prognosis has reached a plateau in the past few decades. Recently, metabolic reprogramming has attracted increasing attention in the research on cancer progression. In our previous study, P2RX7 has been determined as on oncogene in osteosarcoma. However, whether and how P2RX7 promotes osteosarcoma growth and metastasis through metabolic reprogramming remains unexplored.
Methods
We used CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology to establish P2RX7 knockout cell lines. Transcriptomics and metabolomics were performed to verify metabolic reprogramming in osteosarcoma. RT-PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence analyses were used to determine glucose metabolism related gene expressions. Cell cycle and apoptosis were examined by flowcytometry. The capacity of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation were evaluated by seahorse experiments. PET/CT was carried out to assess glucose uptake in vivo.
Results
We demonstrated that P2RX7 significantly promotes glucose metabolism in osteosarcoma via upregulating various glucose metabolism related gene expressions. Inhibition of glucose metabolism largely abolishes the ability of P2RX7 to promote osteosarcoma progression. Mechanistically, P2RX7 enhances c-Myc stabilization by facilitating nuclear retention and reducing ubiquitination-dependent degradation. Furthermore, P2RX7 promotes osteosarcoma growth and metastasis through metabolic reprogramming in a predominantly c-Myc-dependent manner.
Conclusions
P2RX7 plays a key role in metabolic reprogramming and osteosarcoma progression via c-Myc stability. These findings provide new evidence that P2RX7 might be a novel diagnostic and/or therapeutic target in osteosarcoma. Novel therapeutic strategies targeting metabolic reprogramming appears to be promising as an alternative in osteosarcoma treatment.
Results of interventional treatment of peripheral slow-flow malformations
Authors: Altenbernd Jens , Kutta Felix , Forsting Michael , Theysohn Jens , Rohde Stefan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background:
In recent years sclerotherapy has increasingly become the treatment of choice for peripheral slow-flow malformations. However, the long-term effectiveness of sclerotherapy is still a matter of debate, especially when it comes to new sclerosing agents like polidocanol. This study aims at gathering further information concerning its long-term effectiveness and safety.
Results:
Most patients reported a reduction of symptoms which include pain (57,7%), swelling (65,4%) and functional impairment (60%). Cosmetic complaints were less likely to be reduced by sclerotherapy (44,4%). In most cases a relief of symptoms was stable for many years, especially after several consecutive treatment sessions. Complication rates were comparably low, with only 2 patients requiring additional treatment at hospital and no
lasting damages. Previous studies indicate that a volume reduction immediately after treatment is the norm. However, our study suggests that these effects might not be permanent. Most patients (70,9%) were satisfied with the treatment. Satisfaction was closely linked to a partial or complete relief of symptoms (p=0.001).
Conclusion:
Sclerotherapy is a promising way of treating slow-flow-malformations. Polidocanol has proved to be a save sclerosing agent. The reduction of major symptoms was substantial in most cases and lasted for many years.
The blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla) genome reveals a species-specific accumulation of LTR retrotransposons
Authors: Bours Andrea , Pruisscher Peter , Bascón-Cardozo Karen , Odenthal-Hesse Linda , Liedvogel Miriam 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Transposable elements are mobile genetic elements that have the ability to move around the genome, and as such can be a source of genome variability. Transposable elements (TEs) are ubiquitous and many are found within a wide variety of life. Based on their characteristics we can annotate TEs within the host genome and classify them into specific TE types and families. The increasing number of available high-quality genome references in recent years provides an excellent resource that will enhance the understanding of the role of recently active TEs on genetic variation and phenotypic evolution. Here we showcase this through a high-quality TE annotation of the Eurasian blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla), as our chromosome resolution reference genome allowed the reconstruction of difficult-to-assemble regions. We have the ability to distinguish species-specific and non-specific TEs. We investigate how these TE categories are distributed along the genome and evaluate their correlation with four genomic features: recombination rate, gene coverage, CpG island coverage and GC coverage. We found a marked difference between species-specific and non-specific TEs. While species-specific TEs were negatively correlated with both GC content and recombination rate, the correlation with recombination rate disappeared and turned positive for GC content when considering non-specific TEs.
Texture Feature Analysis of MRI-ADC Images to Differentiate Glioma Grades Using Machine Learning Techniques.
Authors: Vijithananda Sahan M. , Jayatilake Mohan Mohan L. , Gonçalves Teresa C. , Hewavithana Badra , Rato Luis M. , Weerakoon Bimali S. , Kalupahana Tharindu D. , Silva Anil D. , Dissanayake Karuna 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an indispensable imaging technique in clinical neuroimaging that quantitatively assesses the diffusivity of water molecules within tissues using Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). This study focuses on developing a robust Machine Learning (ML) model to predict the aggressiveness of gliomas according to World Health Organization (WHO) grading by analyzing patients’ demographics, higher-order moments, and Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) texture features of ADC.
Methods: A population of 722 labeled MRI-ADC brain image slices from 88 human subjects was selected, where gliomas are labeled as glioblastoma multiforme (WHO-IV), high-grade glioma (WHO-III), and low-grade glioma (WHO I-II). Images were acquired using 3T-MR systems and a region of interest (ROI) was delineated over tumor areas. Skewness, kurtosis, and statistical texture features of GLCM (mean, variance, energy, entropy, contrast, homogeneity, correlation, prominence, and shade) were calculated using ADC values within ROI. The ANOVA f-test was utilized to select the best features to train an ML model. The data set was split into training (70%) and testing (30%) sets. The train set was fed into several ML algorithms and selected most promising ML algorithm using K-fold cross-validation. The hyper-parameters of the selected algorithm were optimized using random grid search technique. Finally, the performance of the developed model was assessed by calculating accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 values reported for the test set.
Results: According to the ANOVA f-test, three attributes; patient gender (1.48), GLCM energy (9.48), and correlation (13.86) that performed minimum scores were excluded from the dataset. Among the tested algorithms, the random forest classifier(0.8772±0.0237) performed the highest score and selected to build the ML model which was able to predict tumor categories with an accuracy of 88.14% over the test set.
Conclusion: The study concludes that the developed ML model using the above features except for patient gender, GLCM energy, and correlation, has high prediction accuracy in glioma grading. Therefore, the outcomes of this study enable to development of advanced tumor classification applications that assist in the decision-making process in a real-time clinical environment.
Identification of a candidate gene responsible for male sterility conferred by CMS-T cytoplasm in onion (Allium cepa L.) and development of molecular markers for detection of CMS-T cytoplasm
Authors: Ahn Wooseong , Kim Sunggil 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) has been exclusively used as an emasculation tool in seed production of hybrids in onion (Allium cepa L.).Three types of onion CMS (CMS-S, CMS-R, and CMS-T) have been used in hybrid onion breeding. Male sterility conferred by both CMS-S and CMS-R is likely induced by open reading frame (orf) 725, a chimeric gene. However, this gene was not detected in onion accessions containing CMS-T cytoplasm. Instead, a region showing high homology with orfA501, which is located in the 3’ end of orf725, was detected in CMS-T. A novel chimeric gene, which we named orf219, was identified by genome walking PCR amplification based on the orfA501 homolog. The 684-bp open reading frame of orf219 consisted of an 128-bp of exon 1 of atp1 and a 556-bp sequence of an orfA501 homolog. The high-copy-number orf219 was detected only in the CMS-T cytoplasm (T cytotype). Analysis of RT-PCR products showed normal transcription of orf219 and eight RNA editing sites, one of which created a stop codon, resulting in a shorter amino acid sequence upon translation. Sequences of four hypervariable regions in the chloroplast genome and the organization of syntenic blocks in mitochondrial genome indicated that CMS-T was very closely related to the normal (N) male-fertile and CMS-R cytotypes. Based on these findings, new molecular markers were developed for the identification of cytotypes CMS-T, -R, -S, and -N. Cytotypes of 424 diverse onion accessions were identified using six molecular markers. The CMS-S and CMS-R cytotypes predominated among the analyzed accessions. In contrast, only five accessions possessed CMS-T, supporting early reports that CMS-T is rarely used in hybrid-onion breeding.
Impact of apparent diffusion coefficient on prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma within Milan criteria: a case control study
Authors: Yamada Shinichiro , Morine Yuji , Ikemoto Tetsuya , Saito Yu , Teraoku Hiroki , Waki Yuhei , Nakasu Chiharu , Shimada Mitsuo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: We investigated the usefulness of apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) from diffusion-weighted images (DWI) obtained using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) within Milan criteria.
Methods: We enrolled 102 patients who had undergone surgical resection for HCC within Milan criteria, and calculated their minimum ADC using DWI-MRI. We divided patients into ADCHigh (n=72) and ADCLow (n=30) groups, and compared clinicopathological factors between the two groups.
Results: The ADCLow group showed higher protein induced by vitamin K absence-II (PIVKA-II) levels (p=0.04) and higher rates of infiltrative growth (p=0.06) compared with the ADCHigh group. In overall survival, the ADCLow group showed significantly worse prognosis than the ADCHigh group (p<0.01). Univariate analysis identified infiltrative growth, high PIVKA-II, and low ADC value as prognostic factors. Multivariate analysis identified only low ADC value as an independent prognostic factor.
Conclusions: ADC values can be used to estimate the prognosis of HCC within Milan criteria.