bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning in electricity fraud detection in smart grids with multivariate Gaussian distribution
Authors: Oprea Simona-Vasilica , Bâra Adela , Oprea Niculae 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Smart meters allow electricity consumption readings at a high time resolution generating time series that can be investigated to extract valuable insights and detect frauds. Using a dataset with recordings from Chinese consumers, we propose an exploratory data analysis and processing to train several classifiers and assess the results. Good results are obtained with ensemble classifiers such as Random Forest (RF), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) with two layers and a relatively small number of neurons. Real-consumption dataset daily recorded in China consisting of over 42,000 consumers and over 1,000 days is processed with machine learning ML algorithms or classifiers to distinguish between normal and suspicious consumers. In this paper, we will compare a simple feature engineering method that consists in aggregating the data, calculating distances and density function with no feature engineering, proving that the first approach enhances the results and reduces the utility companies’ costs related to on-site inspections. The results are compared with AUC score and ROC curves as the input data is highly skewed.
Internet of Things in Romanian agriculture
Authors: Girip Maria , Maracine Daniela 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The latest technological discoveries in communication have translated into a more advanced and performant agriculture field which now has a greater online presence than ever before. Therefore, the new challenges to be faced in agriculture are not only the environmental ones, as it was in the past, where the weather was the variable having a higher power. The new challenge is raised by a fully technologized world. This paper is planning to analyze how agriculture changed in Romania after the internet and the online world. This also strives to highlight the main challenges faced by agriculture in the century of technology, its benefits and to answer the most asked question of the 21st century. Is this version of agriculture the better or the healthier one? As for the wealth coming from the big progress, the data from Meticulous Research’s report published in 2020 shows that the agriculture IoT market will reach 34.9 billion dollars by 2027. Meaning a significant raise of crops after industrialization, as well as a higher rate of profitability compared to past centuries and past technology phases. This means not only that farmers have better results, but their wealth has also grown, however, the main question still stands. The disadvantages come from its new own qualities – increased range of production, higher knowledge share, and industrialization.
Media entrepreneurship – a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Nistor Andreea , Coca Dan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The main processes that have an impact on the entrepreneurial media are innovation, promotion of products and services, and the element of novelty. Through technological progress and the dynamism of labor market development, new entrepreneurial directions have emerged, which have seen a rise through the development of media content. Media and entrepreneurship determine new content techniques, resulting in new services and products. This paper aims to highlight the correlation of the media industry with that of entrepreneurship, these being in a close relationship, which results in innovation, creative content, and business development. To this extent, a bibliometric analysis was performed on a corpus of scientific papers, from the Web of Science platform, focusing on media entrepreneurship to determine the current state of knowledge in this area. Furthermore, the analysis reveals the most researched themes and the relevant terminology used. As a selection protocol of the scientific material for media a series of keywords were used, that is: “media”, “internet”, “radio”, “TV”, “newspapers”, “social media”, “journalism” and for entrepreneurship we followed the keywords: “business”, “entrepreneurship” and “entrepreneur”. The results of the analysis showed that the most frequently used terms in media entrepreneurship research studies are: Internet, development, social medium, and business model. In addition to that, media and entrepreneurship seem to be closely researched concerning innovation, economic development, and education.
A review of blockchain and cryptocurrency applications in Romania
Authors: Niţu Maria , Negruţiu Cristian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Recent technological developments have led to economic changes that have an impact on the macroeconomic and microeconomic levels in developing countries, as well as in developed ones. The introduction of cryptocurrencies (Bitcoin is the first cryptocurrency, made public in 2009) into the economy through blockchain technology, generated a series of benefits, but also significant risks for citizens, companies and states.
The main purpose of this article is to present the operating mechanism of the blockchain system and cryptocurrencies, their advantages and disadvantages and the attempts of the international authorities to regulate the crypto market. The authors will present also few case studies of tech start-ups that leveraged the versatility of blockchain principles into viable business propositions. Romania makes no exception in this field, so the authors will analyze and present the current status of this industry.
Private health insurance customer satisfaction. A consumer behavior exploratory study based on structural equation modeling
Authors: Rotileanu Adina , Onişor Lucian-Florin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In the glocalization context, private health insurance local and international companies invested in Romania for over two decades, nevertheless the private health insurance adoption rate in the country was the lowest in the region. The purpose of this research is to analyze and understand the phenomena behind private health insurance customer satisfaction, designing a cognitive model and identifying the functional relationships between elements. The literature review provides various models that are related to customer satisfaction, from buying decision process to the relationships between perceived values, service consequence and expected service values that determines customer satisfaction. The developed conceptual model in six dimensions, including the output variable block for customer satisfaction, was the base for developing the research questionnaire. Developed on a structural equation modeling approach, the quantitative research results depict how customer satisfaction is mediating private health insurance and consumer behavior. Consequently, a private health insurance provider needs to adapt its products to increase people’s motivation to purchase such a product and, after the acquisition, to improve the covered services to increase the beneficiaries’ level of satisfaction. The generic contribution this paper brings is to present the private health insurance industry valences for Romania in the years 2017-2019 and the relationship between the product attributes, Customer Behavior and Consumer Satisfaction.
Performance management during crisis periods – How inter-company transactions can positively influence the business model
Authors: De Mezzo Lucian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The current paper explores how inter-company arrangements within a group can positively influence companies’ performance management strategies.
In current globalization era, taxation system transcends the countries boarders, being a tool used both for eliminating double taxation for an income, but also as leverage in modern commercial wars (e.g. import taxes between USA and China). Thus, it can be considered that taxation knowledge provides a competitive advantage to all companies that are considering it as a business tool, in an ethical manner.
The necessity of such an analysis appeared during the second part of the pandemic crisis, when we noticed that companies part of a group managed to perform during the crisis period due to cash allocation within the group. This is a multi-disciplinary study, being obtained by combination of the following subjects: (i) performance management, (ii) international taxation, (iii) transfer pricing and (iv) game theory.
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that, with a strategic tax mechanism, companies can restart their business in the post-pandemic period with a competitive advantage. Strategy is the key and everyone who have such a key will stay in the market game.
Compliance with the provisions of the Corporate Governance Code by companies listed on the Romanian capital market with respect to the formation and functioning of audit committees
Authors: Rogoz Marius-Eugen , Stoica Dragoș-Andrei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The corporate governance pillars have been intensively discussed in the literature and the formation and functioning of the audit committees have a special place in this world. Considering the existing conclusions retained by the literature on the influence of the audit committees on the performance of the companies, we intend to analyse the current status quo of the level of compliance for the listed Romanian companies in this field. Corroborating the recommendations of the corporate governance code provided by the Bucharest Stock Exchange along with the provisions of the norms that regulate statutory audit in Romania, we find a positive evolution of the level of compliance for the Romanian companies with respect to the formation and functioning of the audit committees.
The impact of the Artificial Intelligence on the accounting profession, a literature’s assessment
Authors: Stancu Mirela Simina , Duţescu Adriana 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Artificial Intelligence is changing the reality of the accounting field, on a rapid way, due to the benefit of improving and reshaping the actual way of performing activities on this domain. Over the years accounting has changed significantly by replacing the work with paper and pencil first with computers, but more importantly with programmes able to decrease time spend on repetitive work that reduce the amount of errors. The interest on Artificial Intelligence solutions in this domain is not new but on the last years researchers become more focused on it. Despite the material progress there seems to be not enough data to support companies’ willingness to embed Artificial Intelligence solutions into their accounting activities. Also, an important aspect of this reality is the capability of experts to adapt faster to the new status quo and to acquire the necessary skills to be able to work with Artificial Intelligence solutions and to overcome the fear of losing their jobs. This paper is focusing on understanding the impact of Artificial Intelligence solution in accounting by conducting a qualitative research based on relevant literature review, of the last years. This paper is highlighting the potential changes Artificial Intelligence can bring to the accounting jobs and the necessary steps to be taken in order to prepare for the new jobs, in which Artificial Intelligence solutions will be more present.
Romanian public authorities request unnecessary approvals for urbanism permits
Authors: Chirică Simona 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This work draws the attention of a wide and illegal practice developed by some Romanian public authorities. This practice if the public authorities to requests additional approvals that are not provided in the legislation generates unjustified delays and significant costs for the beneficiaries of the construction works. Thus, in the phase of drafting the urbanism documentation, some city halls and local councils request the neighbours approval in notarized form as a prerequisite for approval of the zonal urbanism plans (“PUZ”) and / or of the detail urbanism plans (“PUD”). As this approval does not reflect a mandatory condition according to the legal framework that regulates the procedure for drafting and approval of the urbanism documentation, the practical effect is that, as a consequence of a wrongful interpretation of the law by some public authorities, the beneficiaries of the construction works lead in useless situations in which they depend on the discretionary will and sometimes also abusively of their neighbours.
Recovery of the prejudice caused by an insolvent company
Authors: Cojocaru Cristina 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A recent decision of the Romanian High Court of Justice dated 6 March 2019 offers the possibility to analyse the recovery of the prejudice caused to a creditor by a company under court proceedings after on its insolvency. The applicable regulations (i.e. Law no. 85/2015) represent the legal framework, which aims at debt payment by the insolvent debtor to his creditors. Therefore, the procedure is collective and all the known creditors are involved. Consequently, the law regulates the means and the conditions of this procedure. The prejudice caused to a creditor by the insolvent company shall be recovered following the rules of the special law and not through the general applicable rules, i.e. the Civil Code. The article aims to identify the relevant theoretical aspects and their applicability in practice by the courts of law.
Legal regime of auditors and financial auditors in the matter of companies
Authors: Ioniţă George-Bogdan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This research aims to analyze one of the most important components of the activity of a company, namely the activity of management control. The paper is structured in three parts, thus aiming to achieve an objective synthesis that faithfully reflects the current structure and regulation of the company’s management control. The first part will address the introductory and general aspects of management control according to each type of company, respectively, the rules applicable to partnerships, capital companies but also limited liability companies. The second part of the paper aims to present in a timely manner all the essential aspects regarding the censors, as corporate control bodies. Thus, the analysis following aspects such as the term of office, the rights and obligations of auditors in relation to the company but also their responsibility for the activity carried out. The third part exhaustively analyzes the legal regime of financial auditors and in this sense will prefer to follow the regulation of the company law but also of the special applicable legislation. In carrying out this research, specialized works in the field of society were used, as well as the regulations from the updated special legislation.
Some considerations concerning the shares
Authors: Lupulescu Ana-Maria 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The registered capital of the company by shares is divided into fractions known as shares, which, unlike the parts of interests or social parts, represent negotiable instruments, presenting first of all the advantage of being negotiable and freely transferable, subject to limitations that could be introduced by the associates by the constitutive act. Therefore, in exchange for the contributions made to registered capital of the company by shares, the associates receive a number of shares corresponding to the value of these contributions, which represents a certain fraction of its registered capital.
Taking into account the negotiable nature of the shares, the quality of shareholder derives and is more related to the quality of owner of shares, dissociating itself from that of signatory of the company’s constitutive act, obliged, inter alia, to make contributions, the latter quality being relevant only at the moment of incorporation of the company. Actually, during the existence of the company, the quality of owner of shares, and therefore of shareholder, can change significantly and uninterruptedly, depending on the operations performed with these titles, causing appropriate changes in the shareholder structure of the company.
The legal regime of competition in India
Authors: Maican Ovidiu-Horia 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The study of the competition legislation in India has as justification the fact that the indian economy has one of the biggest growth rates in the world, India being the biggest democracy in the world.
At the beginning, India had its own competition law, called the Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Act 1969 (MRTP Act). After the initiation of economic liberalization in 1991, it became imperative to put in place a competition law regime that was more responsive to the economic realities of the nation and in accordance with international practices. In 2002, the Indian Parliament voted for a new law, Competition Act, to regulate business practices in India. The Competition Act has as its goal to regulate three types of conduct (anti-competitive agreements, abuse of a dominant position and combinations). The Competition Act was amended by the Competition (Amendment) Act in 2007 and 2009.
The Competition Act has also created a new enforcement body, the Competition Commission of India (CCI), which is responsible for the enforcement of the Competition Act.
According to the provisions of the Competition Act, is allowed to make an appeal to the Competition Appellate Tribunal (COMPAT) against the decisions of the CCI. A further appeal from the decision of the COMPAT may be submitted before the Supreme Court of India.
In the same, the Competition Act is taking into consideration its enforcement with the aid of mutual international support and enforcement networks across the world.
Digital Trade in the Trade and Cooperation Agreement between the European Union, the European Atomic Energy Community and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Authors: Mănescu Dragoș Mihail 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In the context of the exponential growth in volume of digital trade and the diversification of its forms of implementation, the present article analyzed the framework provisions contained in the Trade and Cooperation Agreement between the European Union and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, provisions governing the conduct of post-Brexit digital trade.
Interim – Management as a new Form of Employment – opportune in a globalized context
Authors: Marica Mihaela-Emilia 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Non-standard forms of employment have become current practice in most European legal systems, by virtue of their positive effects on labor flexibility – beneficial to both employers and employees. From a company’s perspective and interests, regarding the current context of labour relations, a new approach is needed and highly recommended. In an unpredictable business environment, only those innovative companies which have proved able to identify business opportunities and adjust to change have remained competitive. Therefore, the interim management program – as a new type of employment - brings forth an extensive potential for development. Since Romania is a country where this contractual model is relatively little known, this paper addresses some of the most obvious elements of this atypical contractual arrangement, which most authors deem very appropriate in the context of globalization. Our comparative approach seeks to identify various legislative perspectives on interim management and the conclusions of our research suggest the usefulness of the introduction the interim management model to the national labor market. The comparison of this form of flexible employment and other forms used in Romanian companies has been conducted.
Legal aspects regarding the increase of the capital of a joint-stock company and a limited liability company
Authors: Stoican Andreea 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In the business world, certain needs of the company may impose the necessity to increase its capital. These needs may consist either in the desire of the partners to develop the company’s activity, either to remove certain financial difficulties. The modalities and procedures for increasing the capital are regulated by Law no. 31/1990 on companies, having various particularities and immediate effects.
The current paper, therefore, aims in presenting these methods and their particularities, both from a theoretical and practical point of view, in a comparative way, for the joint-stock companies and the limited liability companies, as the most frequently existing types of company in Romanian law.
Financial instruments’ duality and public policies – The Tulipmania case
Authors: Ion Antonia Ioana 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The purpose of the research – of which this text presents only a first part – is to show that the duality specific to financial instruments – positive role in market growth and counteracting risks, respectively negative role through speculative massification – is influenced by public policies. Assuming the crises as moments of truth, I analyse various data for Tulipmania, Great Depression and Great Recession and how they evolve under the impact of public policies. My hypothesis is that with the development of capitalism, the public policies have an increasing impact on the duality of financial instruments, namely a negative one. Here I present only a few methodological aspects and the Tulipmania case – the other two cases I will present at the FIBA session – where public policy intervention has been minimal: both the previous one, regulating the financial instruments and the tulip market, and the later one, for liquidating the crisis and its consequences. The impact of the crisis on the Dutch economy and society at the time was relatively small; bubbles and similar crises did not occur later in the Netherlands. The analysed data highlight the following stage results: a). the free market is not immune to the effects of the duality of financial instruments, but b). it has the capacity to educate market players, to avoid moral hazard and, in the long run, to reduce risks. The lesson is that minimal market intervention does not distort its operation, it does not introduce additional negative elements.
Opportunities and challenges of the Internet of Things
Authors: Nicolae Cristina-Andreea , Roşca Mihai Ioan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, Internet of Things devices are everywhere and their importance and impact on society has increased significantly in the past years. On one hand, Internet of Things devices can bring multiple business opportunities as well as major positive changes to our daily lives. On the other hand, the rapid expansion of the Internet of Things universe comes with important security risks, forcing both users and companies to consider the vulnerability of these devices as well as the confidentiality of the data they generate. The main objective of this paper is to improve current understanding of the Internet of Things by providing a comprehensive overview of the main challenges and opportunities associated with these new communication technologies in various domains and industries. Secondly, the data sets from two Special Eurobarometer studies are analysed to further explore the attitudes, perceptions and experiences of European citizens towards technology and cybersecurity. Using SPSS software, one-way ANOVA and other standard statistical analysis of the data were performed. The results show that the level of awareness of cybercrimes among European citizens has increased. Another key finding is that technology users from European countries remain highly concerned about security issues online. These findings might be of interest for scholars, policymakers, service providers or firms from different industries and can further stimulate the development of local and European initiatives to address and solve these issues.