bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental and Theoretical Study of Polymer Melting in a Co-rotating Twin Screw Extruder
Authors: Vergnes B. , Souveton G. , Delacour M. L. , Ainser A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The flow of molten polymers in corotating twin screw extruders has been largely studied, but little attention has been paid until now to the melting process. In the present work, we develop an experimental study of melting in twin screw extruders, including pressure and temperature measurements, dead-stop experiments and sampling, observation of cross sections and quantification of solid fraction. The influences of process parameters (screw speed and feed rate), screw profile, pellets size and extruder size are also investigated. An original model of the melting process is proposed, deduced from these observations. This model allows one to calculate the evolution of mean shear rate, pressure gradient, dissipated energy, pellet radius and both solid and liquid temperatures along the screws, for a sequence of right- and left-handed screw elements and blocks of kneading discs. The results of the model are in good agreement with the experiments.
Simulation-Based Emergency Team Training in Pediatrics: A Systematic Review
Authors: Thim Signe , Henriksen Tine Brink , Laursen Henrik , Schram Anders Lund , Paltved Charlotte , Lindhard Morten Søndergaard 
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVESThe rare event of handling critically ill children often challenge the emergency care team. Several studies have investigated effects of simulation-based team training to prepare for such events, but the body of evidence remains to be compiled. We performed a systematic review of the effects of simulation-based team training on clinical performance and patient outcome.METHODSFrom a search of MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library, we included studies of team training in emergency pediatric settings with reported clinical performance and patient outcomes. We extracted data using a predefined template and assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials 2.0 and the Newcastle Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale.RESULTSWe screened 1926 abstracts and included 79 studies. We identified 15 studies reporting clinical health care professional performance or patient outcomes. Four studies reported survival data, 5 reported time-critical clinical events, 5 reported adherence to guidelines, checklists or tasks, and 2 reported on airway management. Randomized studies revealed improved team performance in simulated reevaluations 2 to 6 months after intervention. A meta-analysis was impossible because of heterogeneous interventions and outcomes. Most included studies had significant methodological limitations.CONCLUSIONSPediatric simulation-based team training improves clinical performance in time-critical tasks and adherence to guidelines. Improved survival was indicated but not concluded because of high risk of bias. Team performance and technical skills improved for at least 2 to 6 months. Future research should include longer-term measures of skill retention and patient outcomes or clinical measures of treatment quality whenever possible.
Three-year pollen and fungi calendar in a Mediterranean region of the Northeast Greece
Authors: Katsimpris Petros , Nikolaidis Christos , Deftereou Theodora-Eleftheria , Balatsouras Dimitrios , Printza Athanasia , Iliou Theodoros , Alexiadis Triantafyllos , Chatzisouleiman Ipek , Samara Marianna , Constantinidis Jannis , Lambropoulou Maria , Katotomichelakis Michael 
Published: March 2022

Introduction and objectives: Pollen calendars have been proved clinically important in allergic disease management, as differences in airborne allergens exist not only between different countries but also between regions of the same country as well. This study aims to provide new data regarding the atmospheric pollen and fungi content of a Mediterranean region (Western Thrace/North-East Greece) and discuss seasonal trends, differences in pollen grains and fungi spores’ circulation over the years, and correlations with climate parameters.
Material and methods: A 7-day continuously running volumetric trap was used to collect circulating pollen grains and fungi spores. Pollen taxa and fungi were characterized by standard protocols and counted as grains /m3 and average total grains and spores. The primary allergenic pollen season was discovered, and their 10-day averages were measured over time. Correlations with temperature, rain, and humidity were assessed by single linear regression analysis.
Results: Pollen grains from nine pollen families were identified, including five arboreal, two nonarboreal taxa, and spores from two fungi species. The three most prevalent taxa were Oleaceae, Poaceae, Pinaceae, and Cladosporium in the fungi. Peak pollen concentrations were detected during April and May, with daily averages exceeding 170 grains/m3. Poaceae presented the longest pollen season of 342 days and Oleaceae the shortest, extending to only 110 days, during the 3years. Cladosporium was the fungus with the highest spore concentration (180,129.9 spores) compared with Alternaria (28,026.1 spores). Correlations with meteorological parameters showed variable associations among different taxa, with rainfall and relative humidity being the most significant determinants.
Conclusion: In this study, the pollenic and fungal spectrum of a Mediterranean region and information that can be proved clinically significant for the appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic approach of allergic patients was presented.
Social wasps in Spain: the who and where
Authors: Vega José María , Ortiz-Sánchez Francisco Javier , Martínez-Arcediano Ana , Castro Leopoldo , Alfaya Teresa , Carballada Francisco , Cruz Sergia , Marqués Lluís , Vega Arantza , Ruiz-León Berta 
Published: March 2022

Objective: The objective of this study was to list the social vespids occurring in Spain, determine their presence in each region, and correlate the data with the vespids responsible for allergic reactions and their progression over time.
Methods: Insects distribution data were collected in two phases: from the southern half of Spain (2008–2012), and from the northern half of Spain (2016–2019). Data for the vespids were collected from the prescriptions of Hymenoptera venom immunotherapy (HVIT) at six Spanish hospitals in the years 2009 and 2019.
Results: Polistes dominula and Vespula germanica were the most widely distributed species. Vespa velutina was found to be present in a large part of northern Spain. During the 10 year period, the prescriptions of vespid VIT increased by 42.63%. The north of Spain saw a 3.61 fold greater predominance of prescriptions for Vespula (to some extent influenced by Vespa velutina allergy) whereas in central and southern Spain, there was a 3.97 fold greater predominance of prescriptions for Polistes.
Conclusions: It is the first study that compares the vespid distribution maps with VIT prescription. A noteworthy finding is the wide presence of Polistes dominula and Vespula germanica in Spain and the appearance of Vespa velutina allergy in the northern part of the country. Data of HVIT prescriptions reflect inter-regional variability with the predominance of Vespula (due to Vespula and Vespa) in the north and that of Polistes in the center and south of Spain.
Knockdown of GPRC5B alleviates the high glucose-induced inflammation and extracellular matrix deposition of podocyte through inhibiting NF-κB pathway
Authors: Tao Yiying , Lin Youwen , An Ling , Tao Yijuan , Li Yulin , Han Jianfang , Hu Wenbo , Liu Wenhua 
Published: March 2022

Background: Diabetes is a serious disease that could greatly increase the risk of cardiovascular complications, whereas the underlying pathology of DN is still unknown. GPRC5B is a member of the RAIG subfamily of type 3 (family C) GPCR, and its role in DN is still unclear.
Objective: To unveil the role of GPRC5B in diabetic nephropathy (DN) progression and investigate the potential signaling pathway.
Materials and methods: Podocytes were stimulated with high glucose and expression of GPRC5B was analyzed by qPCR and western blot. Then the level of GPRC5B was depleted by siRNA transfection and inflammatory cytokine level was monitored by ELISA assay. The ECM depostion and the activation of NF-κB pathway were detected by Immunoblot.
Results: We investigated the possible role of GPRC5B in the pathology of diabetic nephropathy. We found GPRC5B was highly expressed in high glocuse (HG) induced podocytes. The depletion of GPRC5B inhibited HG induced cell inflammation. In addition, the ablation of GPRC5B suppressed the HG induced ECM deposition. We further found GPRC5B could alleviate the inflammation and extracellular matrix deposition of HG-induced podocytes through NF-κB pathway.
Conclusion: We therefore thought GPRC5B could serve as a promising target for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. G-protein-coupled receptors.
New data on the Pannonian glazed casserole handles
Authors: Delbó Gabriella G. 
Published: March 2022

The casseroles with relief decoration handles are one of the typical groups of Pannonian glazed pottery in the 2nd century AD. The 44 relief decorated handles made in clay molds are mostly known from Aquincum, Brigetio, and Mursa, while – up until recently – only two molds have been found in Aquincum and Mursa. The new clay mold with Amor decoration, discovered in Brigetio in 2008, expands our knowledge about the production of early Roman glazed potteries. It is unique that besides this mold, a glazed casserole – made with this specific mold – was also found in Brigetio.
Digitale Kreislaufwirtschaft mit Industrie 4.0
Authors: Grüner Sten , Gamer Thomas , Gitzel Ralf , Ulrich Marco 
Published: March 2022

Die Implementierung von digitalen Anwendungsfällen der Kreislaufwirtschaft stellt hohe Anforderungen an die Lebenszyklusinformationender Assets, z. B. Geräte, und an die Infrastruktur, die diese Information speichert und bereitstellt. In diesem Beitragwerden die Anforderungen der Kreislaufwirtschaft diskutiert und mit den aktuellen Entwicklungen im Bereich Industrie 4.0abgeglichen. Wir stellen fest, dass die meisten aufgezeigten Lücken die Infrastruktur betreffen. Um diese Lücken zu schließen, wird eine Vision des Long Term Storage Digitalen Zwillings (oder LTS Digitalen Zwillings) vorgestellt und dessen Nutzung anhand von Use-Cases der Demontagedaten und der Ermittlung des CO2-Fußabdrucks skizziert.
Brennstoffzellensysteme: die Regelung als zentraler Wegbereiter
Authors: Nguyen Thuc Anh , Neisen Verena , Keller Martin , Konrad Thomas , Abel Dirk 
Published: March 2022

Dieser Beitrag zeigt anhand eines Beispiels das Potential einer modellprädiktiven Regelung für Brennstoffzellensysteme. Diese stellt einen modernen und intuitiven Ansatz dar, um das multivariable, gekoppelte und beschränkte Regelungsproblem zu lösen und ist damit eine vielversprechende Alternative zu konventionellen Regelungsmethoden. Das Regelungsproblem aus Teil I dieser zweiteiligen Beitragsfolge wird hierfür aufgegriffen und ein Überblick über die aktuellen Regelungsmethoden in Industrie und Forschung gegeben. Darauf aufbauend wird der Einsatz einer modellprädiktiven Regelung motiviert und für den Anwendungsfall ein Regelungsentwurf exemplarisch vorgestellt. Die Funktionsfähigkeit wird anschließend anhand von zweiSzenarien simulativ validiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine modellprädiktive Regelung ein geeigneter Ansatz ist, um systematisch die Anforderungen an die zukünftigen Brennstoffzellensysteme in der mobilen Anwendung zu erfüllen.
Photobiomodulation therapy combined to static magnetic field before blood flow restriction training in healthy individuals: protocol for a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Ferlito João Vitor , Leal-Junior Ernersto Cesar Pinto , Salvador Mirian , De Marchi Thiago 
Published: March 2022

Background: Photobiomodulation therapy with static magnetic field (PBMT/sMF) stands out for being a non-pharmacological resource with bioenergetic effects capable of accelerating muscle recovery, delaying muscle fatigue and potentiate gains in different training protocols. In recent years, blood flow restriction (BFR) associated with low load exercise (20-30% 1RM/MVC) has demonstrated positive effects on muscle performance. However, the effects of PBMT/sMF combined with BFR training are still unknown.
Objective: Verify the effects of PBMT/sMF associated with BFR training and compared with high load training (HLT) in the muscle strenght, muscle damage, inflammation, and the oxidative stress.
Materials and methods: This are a protocol of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. The participants will be healthy men between the ages of 18 to 40 years, with no practice in upper limb strength training in the previous three months. The voluntaries will be randomly divided into four groups: (1) PBMT/sMF + BFR ; (2) PBMT/sMF + HLT; (3) placebo + BFR; (4) placebo + HLT. The PBMT/sMF will be applied immediately before strengthening protocol (4 sets x 20 repetitions of elbow flexion). The BFR groups will undergo to exercise with low load (30% of MVC), while the HLT groups will performed the same protocol with 80 % of MVC. The primary outcome will be muscle strength, measured in baseline, fourth, eighth week of training and detraining period. The secondary outcomes include measured the fatigue resistance, arm circumference, muscle damage, inflammatory and oxidative stress levels in one session, during, after intervention and detraining.
Discuss: This trial will elucidate the effects of PBMT/sMF combined with BFR training and compared with HLT.
recovery from COVID-19: pathophysiology and potential role of pulmonary rehabilitation program
Authors: Pádua Karina Lúcia Cabral , Rosa Karissa Yasmim Araújo , Oliveira Miriã Cândida de , Lino Maria Eduarda Moreira , Fonseca Adriano Luís , Maldaner Vinícius Zacarias , Melo Felipe Xavier de , Santos Dante Brasil 
Published: March 2022

The actual stage of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic reveals the necessity to rehabilitate patients, mainly those who were severe and critical ill during acute infection. These post-COVID19 patients might present multiple factors, which culminates in impairment of oxygenation to skeletal muscles, with prejudice in overall functional capacity. These factors can be described as a reduced pulmonary diffusion capacity, a cardiovascular and oxygen transport dysfunction and deconditioning of skeletal muscles.
The proposition of pulmonary rehabilitation program for the aforementioned patients evaluates pulmonary, cardiac, skeletal muscles and overall function. The conduction of this program might address specifically each one of the potential impairment oxygenation factors, with significant impact evaluated functions and, by consequence, in overall functional capacity.
The Effect of Seismic Sequences in Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis
Authors: Šipčić Nevena , Kohrangi Mohsen , Papadopoulos Athanasios N. , Marzocchi Warner , Bazzurro Paolo 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTTraditionally, probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) considers only mainshock events and models their temporal occurrence through a homogeneous Poisson process. Thus, it disregards foreshocks and aftershocks, assuming they have a minor effect on PSHA. However, recent earthquake sequences, such as those in 2016–2017 in Central Italy and 2010–2011 in Christchurch, New Zealand, exposed the shortcomings of such a universally used but unconservative approach. Our efforts to quantify the bias in seismic hazard and risk estimates follow from these considerations. Herein, we investigate the epidemic-type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model’s ability to reproduce the statistical features of long-term historical seismicity in Italy in two different regions.In addition, we calculate and compare the seismic hazard at two sites in Central Italy using different approaches: (1) with seismicity clustering modeled using the ETAS model; (2) with only mainshocks modeled by means of the Poissonian approach; and (3) with seismicity clustering modeled via a combination of Poisson and modified Omori law. We consider two cases: (1) the “unconditional case,” which uses years of varying seismicity as initial conditions and, therefore, can be considered as a tool for predicting the long-term average hazard, and (2) “conditional case,” in which the hazard is estimated after a specific period, in our case higher than average seismicity. We scrutinize the different modeling assumptions during the process and investigate the effect of using different declustering methods in Poisson-based models. As expected, we find that using the mainshock-only seismicity models yields lower hazard estimates compared to those obtained with the Omori and ETAS model. In addition, we show that Omori and ETAS model predict similar results in the unconditional case, but the Omori model considerably underpredicts the hazard in the conditional case, for a site close to the sequences, when temporal variations in seismic hazard are accounted for.
Effect of Drainage Channels on Vegetation Diversity of Tropical Peatswamp Forest of Sebangau National Park, Indonesia
Authors: Sosilawaty  , Jaya Adi , Rotinsulu Johanna Maria , Hastari Belinda , Hidayat Nisfiatul , Sianipar Elipson 
Published: March 2022

Peat swamp forests are playing important role in climate change by carbon storage, biodiversity conservation, and crucial local livelihoods. The construction of drainage channels in Sebangau National Park, Indonesia negatively affects the Peatland ecosystem and degrades the vegetation diversity. This research aims to study the composition and vegetation diversity of secondary peat swamp forests in Sebangau National Park (SNP), especially around large and small drainage channels. For the observation of vegetation composition and diversity, each observation block consisted of 3 transects that were 300 m apart from each other, and perpendicular to the channel. For observations on small drainage channel blocks, transects are made to continue the previous transect at a distance of 500 m from the end of the large drainage channel. On each transect, 5 plots of vegetation were made using the plot line method with a distance of 50 m between each plot. A total of 15 plots of 30mx30m size were prepared for each drainage channel category. Observations were made on the growth rate of seedlings in a 2m x 2m plot, poles in a 5m x 5m plot, saplings in a 10m x 10m plot, and trees in a 20m x 20m plot. The results of the study showed that Shorea spp., Combretocarpus rotundatus, Cratoxylum arborencens, and Calophyllum sp. are the dominant plant species of the study area. Overall 92 species were reported from the Large Drainage Channel block and 86 species from the Small Drainage Channel block. Further, the Species Diversity ranged between 1.43 - 1.57 while Species Richness ranged from 16.80 – 23.03, and the Evenness Index ranged from 0.83 – 0.92 at all levels of vegetation growth. Results of the study can be concluded that the channel dimensions do not have any effect on species number, diversity index, species richness, and species evenness at all levels of vegetation growth. The Similarity Index of species at seedlings, saplings, and poles is more than 50%, while at the tree level it was reported less than 50%.
Effects of Soy Protein Isolate and Inulin on Physico-chemical and Organoleptic Qualities of Low-fat Duck Meat Sausages
Authors: Moirangthem S. , Laskar S.K. , Das A. , Upadhyay S. , Hazarika M. , Hazarika R.A. , Mahanta J.D. 
Published: March 2022

Background: The present work was conducted to study the effect of incorporation of soy protein isolate (SPI) and Inulin (I) on certain Physico-chemical and sensory qualities of low-fat duck meat sausages. Methods: Duck meat sausages were prepared by using three different formulations i.e. T1 (2.5% I), T2 (2.5% SPI) and T3 (2.5% SPI+2.5% I) along with a control (CT-0% SPI and I). The pH, water holding capacity, TBARS value, tyrosine value and sensory qualities were evaluated on days 1, 5 and 10. Result: Duck meat sausages with a combination of 2.5% soy protein isolate and 2.5% inulin were the best ones, with a shelf-life of 10 days under refrigeration.
Effect of Different Land Configuration, Superabsorbent and Nutrient Management on Yield and Economics of Soybean (Glycine max L.) -Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) Cropping System
Authors: Bhadre C.K. , Narkhede W.N. , Desai M.M. 
Published: March 2022

Background: Oilseed crops are sources of fats and oils, which are essential for human diet, comprising about 40% of the calories in the diet of the average person safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) is a major rabi oilseed crop in the country. Like soybean its productivity is also very low as compared to the global average. Horizontal expansion to augment the food production is limited and the alternative way is to move on vertical growth by enhancing the productivity of the area. Therefore, production technology and management practices should be developed keeping in view all the above point, for efficient use of costly inputs, beside reduction in production cost, for instance residual effect of manures and fertilizers applied and nitrogen fixed by legumes can considerably bring down the production cost. Methods: A field experiment was carried out to study the performance of soybean-safflower cropping sequence under different land configuration and nutrient management. Treatment consists of eighteen treatment combinations comprising three land configuration (L1- flat beds, L2- ridges and furrow and L3- Broad bed furrow) and three superabsorbent levels (S1- 0 kg ha-1, S2- 2.5 kg ha-1 and S3- 5.0 kg ha-1) in main plot, two nutrient levels i.e., N1- 30:60:30 NPK kg ha-1 + 5 t FYM ha-1 and N2- 30:60:30:30 NPKS kg ha-1 + 20 kg ZnSO4 + 5 t FYM ha-1 to soybean and N1- 40:20:0 NPK kg ha-1 and N2- 30:15:0 NPK kg ha-1 to safflower during kharif and rabi seasons, respectively as sub plot treatments were assigned in a split plot design with three replications. Result: Broad bed furrows planting method with the application of 30:60:30:30 NPKS kg ha-1 + 20 kg ZnSO4 + 5 t FYM ha-1 to soybean and 40:20:0 NPK kg ha-1 to safflower during kharif and rabi seasons, respectively recorded significantly higher yield and yield attributes as well as net monetary returns but the applications of superabsorbent reordered non-significant effect during both the year of study.