bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurocognitive function in lower grade glioma patients selected for proton radiotherapy: real-world data from a prospective cohort study
Authors: van der Weide Hiska L. , Buunk Anne M. , Siebenga Femke F. , Langendijk Johannes A. , Bannink-Gawryszuk Agata , Bosma Ingeborg , Enting Roelien H. , van der Hoorn Anouk , Jeltema Hanne-Rinck , Wagemakers Michiel , Groen Rob J. M. , Walenkamp-Hageman Annemiek M. E. , Nuver Janine , Kramer Miranda C. A. , Spikman Jacoba M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To determine neurocognitive function (NCF) profiles of patients with lower grade glioma (LGG) eligible to undergo proton radiotherapy (PRT), and how these relate to clinical and radiological characteristics. PRT is offered to those patients for whom sparing of NCF is considered important given their favorable prognosis. To date it is unknown to which extent their NCF profiles are favorable as well.

Methods
A consecutive cohort of 151 LGG patients eligible for PRT according to prevailing Dutch criteria, referred between 2018 and 2023, were assessed with standardized neuropsychological tests prior to PRT. Scores were compared to norm-scores. Composite scores were calculated for the total NCF and 6 separate cognitive domains, and profiles were related to tumor location. Clinical and radiological factors characterizing overall NCF impaired patients were investigated, comparing 3 definitions for impairment.

Results
Patients had on average significantly lower NCF than their norm-group, but interindividual variability was large. For 100/151 patients (66.2%), all cognitive domains were intact, whereas 15/151 patients (9.9%) displayed multiple domain impairments. Poorer NCF was related to right-sided LGG laterality, larger PRT target volume, no Wait & Scan policy, worse neurological function and worse radiological indices (Fazekas and global cortical atrophy, respectively). LGG involvement of the left temporal and occipital lobes was associated with, respectively, lower verbal memory and processing speed.

Conclusion
Prior to PRT, the majority of selected LGG patients display favorable NCF profiles. However, a subgroup showed NCF impairments, with multiple relevant clinical and radiological covariates.
Mapping content: why cognitive maps are non-conceptual mental states
Authors: Schwartz Arieh , Fresco Nir 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cognitive maps play a crucial role in mammalian navigation. They provide the organism with information about its own location and the locations of landmarks within known environments. Cognitive maps have yet to receive ample attention in philosophy. In this article, we argue that cognitive maps should not be understood along the lines of conceptual mental states, such as beliefs and desires. They are more plausibly understood to be non-conceptual. We clarify what is at stake in this claim, and offer two empirically-informed arguments in its favor. Both arguments submit that cognitive maps are probably non-conceptual because their representational structure seems to differ from that of conceptual mental states.
An untargeted metabolome-wide association study of maternal perinatal tobacco smoking in newborn blood spots
Authors: He Di , Yan Qi , Uppal Karan , Walker Douglas I. , Jones Dean P. , Ritz Beate , Heck Julia E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Maternal tobacco smoking in the perinatal period increases the risk for adverse outcomes in offspring.

Objective
To better understand the biological pathways through which maternal tobacco use may have long-term impacts on child metabolism, we performed a high-resolution metabolomics (HRM) analysis in newborns, following an untargeted metabolome-wide association study workflow.

Methods
The study population included 899 children without cancer diagnosis before age 6 and born between 1983 and 2011 in California. Newborn dried blood spots were collected by the California Genetic Disease Screening Program between 12 and 48 h after birth and stored for later research use. Based on HRM, we considered mothers to be active smokers if they were self- or provider-reported smokers on birth certificates or if we detected any cotinine or high hydroxycotinine intensities in newborn blood. We used partial least squares discriminant analysis and Mummichog pathway analysis to identify metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with maternal tobacco smoking.

Results
A total of 26,183 features were detected with HRM, including 1003 that were found to be associated with maternal smoking late in pregnancy and early postpartum (Variable Importance in Projection (VIP) scores > = 2). Smoking affected metabolites and metabolic pathways in neonatal blood including vitamin A (retinol) metabolism, the kynurenine pathway, and tryptophan and arachidonic acid metabolism.

Conclusion
The smoking-associated metabolites and pathway perturbations that we identified suggested inflammatory responses and have also been implicated in chronic diseases of the central nervous system and the lung. Our results suggest that infant metabolism in the early postnatal period reflects smoking specific physiologic responses to maternal smoking with strong biologic plausibility.
Cisplatin and methotrexate induce brain microvascular endothelial and microglial senescence in mouse models of chemotherapy-associated cognitive impairment
Authors: Csik Boglarka , Vali Kordestan Kiana , Gulej Rafal , Patai Roland , Nyul-Toth Adam , Shanmugarama Santny , Mukli Peter , Ungvari Anna , Balsara Karl E. , McNall Rene Y. , Razzaghi Talayeh , Tarantini Stefano , Yabluchanskiy Andriy , Ungvari Zoltan , Csiszar Anna 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The increasing number of cancer survivors has brought heightened attention to the side effects of cancer therapies, including chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI, commonly referred to as “chemobrain”). Cisplatin and methotrexate, commonly used first-line chemotherapeutics in gynecologic oncology for cancers such as breast, ovarian, and bladder cancer, are clinically associated with long-term cognitive deficits. Building on our previous preclinical studies demonstrating that paclitaxel chemotherapy induces cerebrovascular endothelial and microglial senescence—leading to blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, neuroinflammation, and cognitive impairments—we hypothesized that cisplatin and methotrexate might similarly promote senescence in these cells. Senescent endothelial cells and microglia are known to contribute to neuroinflammation, cerebral blood flow dysregulation, and white matter damage, exacerbating cognitive decline. Using the p16-3MR mouse model, which expresses red fluorescent protein (RFP) in p16 + senescent cells, we evaluated the impact of these drugs on brain endothelial and microglial senescence through flow cytometry. Our results show a significant increase in senescent endothelial and microglial cells two months post-treatment with cisplatin or methotrexate compared to controls. These findings offer new insights into the shared mechanisms underlying CRCI associated with cisplatin or methotrexate treatment, extending our understanding of chemotherapy-induced vascular cognitive impairments.
Additive Manufacturing a One-Piece Microfluidic Device Coupled to Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for In Vitro Drug Metabolism Analysis
Authors: Lu Shao-Wei , Wu Yi-Hsin , Chen Pin-Chuan , Chen Pai-Shan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Understanding the metabolism of drugs is a principal consideration when it comes to understanding the activity of a precursor drug and determining if the precursor is converted into bioactive metabolites after ingestion in the human body. This process is typically studied using either animal models or in vitro models, such as human liver microsomes (HLM). In this research, a novel one-piece microreactor was fabricated with light-curing 3D printing technology, which can be seamlessly and directly integrated with a liquid chromatography–mass spectrometer (LC–MS) system for drug metabolic analysis after an in vitro human liver microsomal reaction. The results clearly showed that: (1) this system was able to conduct metabolic reactions (demonstrated by three commonly abused substances or impurity in illicit heroin including heroin, 6-acetylcodeine, and buprenorphine) at the operation temperature of 37 °C and operation pressure ranging from 7.8 to 21.5 bars, and its performance was very competitive to the conventional method while reducing total processing steps and minimizing manual operation, (2) the integrated LC–MS system demonstrated a high stability and precision where the RSD of chromatographic peak area and retention time was only 2.53% and 0.91%, and (3) the 3D printed reactors, featuring an integrated locking design and a bonded filtration membrane, can significantly enhance usage convenience, reduce specimen process time, and resist high back pressure, potentially advancing drug metabolism studies.
Case report. Een schwannoom in de nier
Authors: Kok Aranxa S. M. , Hoevenaars Brigiet M. , Duijvesz Diederick 
Published: February 2025

Samenvatting
Een 59-jarige vrouw presenteerde zich op de polikliniek urologie met een echografisch en asymptomatisch incidentaloom van de linker nier. Een CT-nieren, aanvullende MRI-nieren en biopt van de nier toonde een schwannoom. Na consultatie van de neurochirurg werd vooral op verzoek van de patiënte een nefrectomie verricht, waarna het schwannoom met behulp van pathologie werd bevestigd, zonder maligne kenmerken. Een schwannoom is in essentie een benigne afwijking. Zonder histologie is het maligne karakter echter niet goed uit te sluiten en daarom wordt resectie geadviseerd.
A “Noodle and Thread”: A Low-Fidelity Simulation of Blood Vessel Ligation Using Common Household Items
Authors: Markel Justin , Franke Jacob D. , Woodberry Kerri , Fahrenkopf Matthew 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Simulation is becoming increasingly essential to surgical education, and many skills are learned in simulation-based training laboratories before being used in the operating room (OR). The COVID-19 pandemic exposed the need for alternative methods of learning important surgical techniques, particularly in resource-limited areas. One of the most important early skills for trainees is surgical knot tying without exerting excessive upward traction, such as that used to ligate blood vessels prior to division and cautery.

Methods
To help solve this problem, we have developed a model of blood vessel ligation and surgical knot tying using common, inexpensive household items including noodles, adhesive tape, and thread.

Results
The proposed model adequately simulated blood vessel ligation and displayed a wide spectrum of difficulty levels based on the materials chosen.

Conclusions
Surgical knot tying can be practiced in private settings with the proposed model of blood vessel ligation. The model is low cost, and its difficulty can be adjusted by changing noodle morphology.
The effect of hot isostatic pressing on the thermomechanical behavior of electron beam powder-bed fusion SS316L
Authors: Goviazin Gleb Gil , Braun D. , Tiferet E. , Samuha S. , Hayun S. , Shirizly A. , Rittel D. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the influence of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) at 100 MPa and temperatures of 960, 1060, and 1160 ℃ on the dynamic mechanical behavior and thermomechanical coupling of 316L stainless steel produced by electron beam powder-bed fusion (EB-PBF). Initially, the density was measured and found to be consistent at about 7.966 g/cm3 across all HIP treatments. Following this, a split Hopkinson pressure bar and a high-speed infrared camera were used to analyze the mechanical response and temperature distribution. These results were compared with those of wire and arc additive manufacturing and bulk (conventionally manufactured) 316L stainless steel. All specimens demonstrated mechanical properties similar to annealed bulk material, with dynamic yield stress around 450–500 MPa and comparable strain hardening. Notably, the EB-PBF material exhibited a higher Taylor–Quinney coefficient (~ 0.7) compared to ~ 0.5 in other cases.
The Negative Legislator: Machiavelli’s Popular Epistemocracy in the Discourses on Livy
Authors: Campos Andre Santos 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In the Discourses on Livy, Machiavelli maintains that the people is often superior epistemically to princes. This forms the outlines of an argument from popular epistemocracy. However, in light of his theory of humours, how can governance belong to the most epistemically capable if they are driven solely by a negative desire? How can the best decisions regarding domination be made by those who only have a desire to not dominate? This paper develops the thesis that the people’s negative humours can be consistent with the claim that it has the best epistemic capacities to rule insofar as such capacities are understood only negatively, based on the people’s competencies to assess error and identify mistakes in collective decision-making. The argument is divided into three sections. The first unpacks the problem by clarifying how multiplicity in Machiavelli has more robust epistemic value and, consequentially, more political value in certain circumstances. The second explains the negative dimension of epistemic capacity and how Machiavelli attributes it to the people by highlighting two epistemically crucial characteristics: multiplicity and diversity. The third lists the people’s three forms of negative governance displayed in the Discourses: intra-institutional opposition, institutional participation (in litigation, the selection of magistrates, and lawmaking), and extra-institutional contestation. In the end, it should be clear that Machiavelli qualifies as an epistemocrat with democratic tendencies insofar as the people fulfils the role of a ‘negative legislator’.
Effect of Nanocomposite Clays on Storage Stability of Rubberized Binders under Different Curing and Blending Conditions
Authors: Vigneswaran Shyaamkrishnan , Yun Jihyeon , Lee Moon-Sup , Lee Soon-Jae 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the phase separation effects of PG 64–22 modified rubberized binders with two types of nanocomposite clays. Manual blending of crumb rubber modifier (CRM) and conditioning at 200 °C for 1 h were performed, followed by evaluating the binder properties under various curing and blending conditions. Performance characteristics and phase separational changes were assessed using Superpave and Multiple shear creep recovery (MSCR) test methods. The findings reveal that increasing mixing time and temperature results in reduced viscosity of the modified binder, whereas the incorporation of nanocomposite clays leads to increased viscosity. Additionally, the combination of extended mixing time, nanocomposite clays, and crumb rubber enhances the G*/Sin

$$\delta$$

δ

values, with the 3% kaolinite + 10% crumb rubber modified binder exhibiting the highest values. Moreover, the percentage recovery studies demonstrate an inverse relationship between blending duration, load cycles, and recovery percentages, with the 3% kaolinite + 10% crumb rubber modified binder displaying superior recovery. Furthermore, higher temperature and mixing time directly contribute to the reduction of phase separation between the asphaltene-rich and rubber-rich phases. Notably, the addition of nanocomposite clays as a secondary modifier has no impact on reducing phase separation. Finally, the 5% crumb rubber modified binder demonstrates a lower separation index (SI) percentage compared to all other combinations. These findings provide valuable insights for improving asphalt binder modification techniques and developing high-performance asphalt materials.
Proximity-based service discovery for distributed digital twin systems
Authors: Rothermel Kurt , Herzog Otthein , Zhiqiang Siegfried Wu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Over the past decade, there has been a significant increase in interest in digital twin (DT) technology in a variety of domains. While research on DTs of single assets was initially prevalent, there has been a notable shift towards distributed systems of DTs, which connect to each other to collaborate. Typically, collaboration is enabled by DTs providing services that can be consumed by other DTs. In service-oriented systems, a service is typically identified by type information. However, this is not sufficient in distributed DT systems, where DTs associated with different physical entities may provide the same type of service. Consequently, selecting the appropriate service depends not only on the service type, but also on the associated physical entity. However, requiring DTs to know the mapping of services to their physical environment is not feasible for large dynamic systems. This paper presents a novel proximity-based service discovery method that allows DTs to select services based on service type and their proximity to other objects. That is, service specifications are fully abstracted from the mapping of services to physical objects, relieving DTs from maintaining information about this mapping. Furthermore, service discovery is robust to changes in the physical environment and service population. The proposed service discovery method has been implemented on top of a spatial DBMS. We argue that this implementation is optimal in terms of network utilization and latency, and perform comprehensive evaluations to show the performance of discovery queries as a function of their complexity.
Relationship Between Heated Tobacco Products and Placental Abruption: A Prospective Cohort Study Using Online Questionnaire
Authors: Ooba Hikaru , Maki Jota , Tabuchi Takahiro , Masuyama Hisashi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Placental abruption (PA) is a critical obstetric complication, with maternal smoking recognized as a key risk factor. Despite the increased use of heated tobacco products (HTPs), the impact of HTPs remains unclear. This study investigated whether pregnant women using HTPs are at a higher risk of PA than non-users.

Methods
We analyzed data from “the Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey,” a prospective, self-reported online survey cohort. Questionnaires were randomly distributed between July 28, 2021, and August 30, 2021. Pregnant respondents in 2021 were invited to complete an additional survey from February 14, 2022, to February 28, 2022. We set the outcome as the absolute risk difference (aRD) and relative risk ratio (rRR) of PA incidence due to smoking HTPs in the first trimester of pregnancy. The sample size included 12 836 participants. We calculated outcomes using a generalized linear model (GLM) and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). We also performed a Bayesian approach and multiple-bias analysis for sensitivity analysis.

Results
We found the robust aRD of 0.07 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.06, 0.09) and the rRR of 11.3 (95% CI: 7.5, 17.0). Multiple bias analyses showed that unmeasurable confounders would need to have at least an rRR = 14 relationship with both exposure and outcome to disprove the observed association. There has not been post hoc analysis or secondary use of data.

Conclusion
Early pregnancy use of HTPs is associated with an increased risk of PA.
Optical imaging unveiling metabolic dynamics in cells and organisms during aging and diseases
Authors: Shi Lingyan , Villazon Jorge 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cellular metabolism plays a critical role in various physiological and pathological processes. High resolution imaging of intracellular metabolic activities is crucial for understanding many biological pathways, and for facilitating disease prognosis and treatment assessment. Raman scattering (RS) spectroscopy/microscopy, in particular stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), has emerged as a powerful imaging technology for cellular imaging with high specificity, high sensitivity, and subcellular resolution. Since its invention, SRS microscopy imaging has been extensively applied in life science for studying composition, structure, metabolism, development, and disease in biological systems. This review focuses on the latest applications of SRS imaging, particularly with heavy water probing, for studying metabolic dynamics of biomolecules in organisms during aging and diseases. Furthermore, future applications and development of SRS imaging in both life science and medicine are considered.

Graphical Abstract
Forest-Based Employment in the Southern United States Under Climate Change: Historical Impacts and Future Projections
Authors: Lamica Austin , Parajuli Rajan , Mihiar Christopher 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The southern United States (US) is the largest producer of timber products in the world, which faces significant threat from climate driven extreme weather events. The forest products industry is particularly vulnerable to climate change when production is seasonal and working conditions are affected by temperature and precipitation. This study estimates the impacts of climatic factors on forest-based employment in the US South using county-level panel data from 2001 to 2021. Our empirical estimates between employment and climatic variables are employed to project the forest-based employment through 2070 under Representative Concentration Pathways scenarios -- RCP 4.5 and 8.5. Results suggest that precipitation is positively correlated with the aggregate forest-based employment and wood product and furniture manufacturing sectors. We find a negative relationship between temperature and employment in the aggregate forest-based employment and furniture manufacturing sector. The future projections suggest a decline in aggregate forest-based employment by 9% and 16% by 2070 under RCP 4.5 and 8.5, respectively, relative to a constant climate baseline scenario. These results offer implications for forest managers, policy makers, and employers in forest-based industries, as they plan for future management decisions and employment opportunities under a changing climate.
The COVID-19 Pandemic and the Hospital Surge Preparedness and Response Index: A Retrospective Study in an Italian Hospital
Authors: Rodi Paolo , Weinstein Eric S. , Foti Francesco , Somaschini Roberta , Claus Marco , von Schreeb Johan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
To quantitatively assess key performance indicator changes between selected pre-pandemic and pandemic periods at the Sant’Anna Hospital emergency department (ED) in Como, Italy through the retrospective use of Hospital Surge Preparedness and Response index (HSPRI).

Methods
This study collected the average length of stay (LOS), time-to-physician initial assessment (TPIA), and left-without-being seen (LWBS) rates for 2 pre-pandemic (control group) and 3 pandemic periods (study group) in the COVID ED (C-ED) dedicated to treat COVID-19 patients and the non-COVID ED (NC-ED) dedicated to non-COVID cases. Quantitative analysis was based on hypothesis testing. A retrospective qualitative theme and subtheme analysis based on the HSPRI was conducted on baseline strategies before each pandemic period and on the actions implemented thereafter.

Results
LOS increased across all pandemic periods. TPIA decreased in the first 2 pandemic periods in comparison to pre-pandemic. LWBS decreased between pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. Of the 22 action items listed in the HSPRI, 8 were implemented in the first pandemic period, 8 in the second and 1 in the third, for a total of 17 items.

Conclusions
The HSPRI demonstrated value as a tool for a hospital staff to actively utilize during a pandemic to identify KPI triggers to formulate actions to maintain pre-pandemic care or ameliorate the deterioration of care during the pandemic.