bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology and Financial Burden of Adult Chronic Hypoparathyroidism
Authors: Bjornsdottir Sigridur , Ing Steven , Mitchell Deborah M , Sikjaer Tanja , Underbjerg Line , Hassan-Smith Zaki , Sfeir Jad , Gittoes Neil J , Clarke L Bart L 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Chronic hypoparathyroidism is characterized by low serum calcium, increased serum phosphorus, and inappropriately low or decreased serum parathyroid hormone. This rare disorder is associated with a variety of complications. The prevalence, incidence, mortality, financial burden, and epidemiology of complications of this disorder are not well understood. This narrative review summarizes current information on the epidemiology and complications of chronic hypoparathyroidism. The reported prevalence of chronic hypoparathyroidism ranges from 6.4–37/100,000, and the incidence is reported to be 0.8–2.3/100,000/year. Mortality is not increased in studies from Denmark or South Korea but was increased in studies from Scotland and Sweden. The financial burden of this disorder is substantial because of increased health care resource utilization in two studies but not well quantitated. Recognized complications include hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis, kidney stones, and chronic kidney disease; low bone turnover and possibly upper extremity fractures; cardiac and vascular calcifications; basal ganglia calcifications, cataracts, infections, neuropsychiatric complications, and difficulties with pregnancy. This review concludes that chronic hypoparathyroidism is a rare disorder associated with significant morbidity that may not increase overall mortality but is associated with a substantial financial burden. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Parathyroid Hormone Therapy for Managing Chronic Hypoparathyroidism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yao Liang , Li Jing , Li Meixuan , Lin Clement , Hui Xu , Tamilselvan Divyalakshmi , Kandi Maryam , Sreekanta Ashwini , Makhdami Nima , Ali Dalal S. , Dandurand Karel , Yang Kehu , Bilezikian John P. , Brandi Maria Luisa , Clarke Bart L. , Mannstadt Michael , Rejnmark Lars , Khan Aliya A. , Guyatt Gordon 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
The efficacy and safety of parathyroid hormone (PTH) therapy for managing long-term hypoparathyroidism is being evaluated in ongoing clinical trials. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of currently available randomized controlled trials to investigate the benefits and harms of PTH therapy and conventional therapy in the management of patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism. To identify eligible studies, published in English, we searched Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane CENTRAL from inception to May 2022. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. We defined patients' important outcomes and used grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) to provide the structure for quantifying absolute effects and rating the quality of evidence. Seven randomized trials of 12 publications that enrolled a total of 386 patients proved eligible. The follow-up duration ranged from 1 to 36 months. Compared with conventional therapy, PTH therapy probably achieves a small improvement in physical health-related quality of life (mean difference [MD] 3.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5–5.3, minimally important difference 3.0, moderate certainty). PTH therapy results in more patients reaching 50% or greater reduction in the dose of active vitamin D and calcium (relative risk [RR] = 6.5, 95% CI 2.5–16.4, 385 more per 1000 patients, high certainty). PTH therapy may increase hypercalcemia (RR =2.4, 95% CI 1.2–5.04, low certainty). The findings may support the use of PTH therapy in patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism. Because of limitations of short duration and small sample size, evidence from randomized trials is limited regarding important benefits of PTH therapy compared with conventional therapy. Establishing such benefits will require further studies. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Myonuclear permanence in skeletal muscle memory: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of human and animal studies
Authors: Rahmati Masoud , McCarthy John J. , Malakoutinia Fatemeh 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOne aspect of skeletal muscle memory is the ability of a previously trained muscle to hypertrophy more rapidly following a period of detraining. Although the molecular basis of muscle memory remains to be fully elucidated, one potential mechanism thought to mediate muscle memory is the permanent retention of myonuclei acquired during the initial phase of hypertrophic growth. However, myonuclear permanence is debated and would benefit from a meta‐analysis to clarify the current state of the field for this important aspect of skeletal muscle plasticity. The objective of this study was to perform a meta‐analysis to assess the permanence of myonuclei associated with changes in physical activity and ageing. When available, the abundance of satellite cells (SCs) was also considered given their potential influence on changes in myonuclear abundance. One hundred forty‐seven peer‐reviewed articles were identified for inclusion across five separate meta‐analyses; (1–2) human and rodent studies assessed muscle response to hypertrophy; (3–4) human and rodent studies assessed muscle response to atrophy; and (5) human studies assessed muscle response with ageing. Skeletal muscle hypertrophy was associated with higher myonuclear content that was retained in rodents, but not humans, with atrophy (SMD = −0.60, 95% CI −1.71 to 0.51, P = 0.29, and MD = 83.46, 95% CI −649.41 to 816.32, P = 0.82; respectively). Myonuclear and SC content were both lower following atrophy in humans (MD = −11, 95% CI −0.19 to −0.03, P = 0.005, and SMD = −0.49, 95% CI −0.77 to −0.22, P = 0.0005; respectively), although the response in rodents was affected by the type of muscle under consideration and the mode of atrophy. Whereas rodent myonuclei were found to be more permanent regardless of the mode of atrophy, atrophy of ≥30% was associated with a reduction in myonuclear content (SMD = −1.02, 95% CI −1.53 to −0.51, P = 0.0001). In humans, sarcopenia was accompanied by a lower myonuclear and SC content (MD = 0.47, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.85, P = 0.02, and SMD = 0.78, 95% CI 0.37–1.19, P = 0.0002; respectively). The major finding from the present meta‐analysis is that myonuclei are not permanent but are lost during periods of atrophy and with ageing. These findings do not support the concept of skeletal muscle memory based on the permanence of myonuclei and suggest other mechanisms, such as epigenetics, may have a more important role in mediating this aspect of skeletal muscle plasticity.
Total flavonoids of Rhizoma drynariae promote angiogenesis and osteogenesis in bone defects
Authors: Lin Haixiong , Wang Xiaotong , Li Zige , Huang Minling , Feng Junjie , Chen Huamei , Gao Junyan , Feng Yuanlan , Wu Jingjing , Tang Shengyao , Zhou Ruoyu , Ren Yueyi , Huang Feng , Jiang Ziwei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBone defects are difficult to heal, which conveys a heavy burden to patients' lives and their economy. The total flavonoids of Rhizoma drynariae (TFRD) can promote the osteogenesis of distraction osteogenesis. However, the dose effect is not clear, the treatment period is short, and the quality of bone formation is poor. In our study, we observed the long‐term effects and dose effects of TFRD on bone defects, verified the main ingredients of TFRD in combination with network pharmacology for the first time, explored its potential mechanism, and verified these findings. We found that TFRD management for 12 weeks regulated osteogenesis and angiogenesis in rats with 4‐mm tibial bone defects through the PI3K/AKT/HIF‐1α/VEGF signaling pathway, especially at high doses (135 mg kg−1 d−1). The vascularization effect of TFRD in promoting human umbilical vein endothelial cells was inhibited by PI3K inhibitors. These results provide a reference for the clinical application of TFRD.
Identifying plant species in kettle holes using UAV images and deep learning techniques
Authors: Correa Martins José Augusto , Marcato Junior José , Pätzig Marlene , Sant'Ana Diego André , Pistori Hemerson , Liesenberg Veraldo , Eltner Anette 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe use of uncrewed aerial vehicle to map the environment increased significantly in the last decade enabling a finer assessment of the land cover. However, creating accurate maps of the environment is still a complex and costly task. Deep learning (DL) is a new generation of artificial neural network research that, combined with remote sensing techniques, allows a refined understanding of our environment and can help to solve challenging land cover mapping issues. This research focuses on the vegetation segmentation of kettle holes. Kettle holes are small, pond‐like, depressional wetlands. Quantifying the vegetation present in this environment is essential to assess the biodiversity and the health of the ecosystem. A machine learning workflow has been developed, integrating a superpixel segmentation algorithm to build a robust dataset, which is followed by a set of DL architectures to classify 10 plant classes present in kettle holes. The best architecture for this task was Xception, which achieved an average F1‐score of 85% in the segmentation of the species. The application of solely 318 samples per class enabled a successful mapping in the complex wetland environment, indicating an important direction for future health assessments in such landscapes.
Theoretical Progress of 2D Six‐Membered‐Ring Inorganic Materials as Anodes for Non‐Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yu Tong , Yang Huicong , Cheng Hui‐Ming , Li Feng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe use and storage of renewable and clean energy has become an important trend due to resource depletion, environmental pollution, and the rising price of refined fossil fuels. Confined by the limited resource and uneven distribution of lithium, non‐lithium‐ion batteries have become a new focus for energy storage. The six‐membered‐ring (SMR) is a common structural unit for numerous material systems. 2D SMR inorganic materials have unique advantages in the field of non‐lithium energy storage, such as fast electrochemical reactions, abundant active sites and adjustable band gap. First‐principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) can provide a basic understanding of materials at the atomic‐level and establish the relationship between SMR structural units and electrochemical energy storage. In this review, the theoretical progress of 2D SMR inorganic materials in the field of non‐lithium‐ion batteries in recent years is discussed to summarize the common relationship among 2D SMR non‐lithium energy storage anodes. Finally, the existing challenges are analyzed and potential solutions are proposed.
3D printed concrete as stay‐in‐place formwork: Mechanics during casting and curing
Authors: Bekaert Michiel , Van Tittelboom Kim , De Schutter Geert 
Published: August 2022

AbstractResearch in 3D concrete printing has gained an exponential increase in attention over the last decades. The automated production process can be beneficial to reduce material use and increase form freedom of produced elements. Disadvantages are the difficulty to apply reinforcement, the speed of execution if massive elements have to be made and the uncertain durability performance of the printed material. These aspects still lead to reticence in the concrete construction industry to use 3D printing at a large scale. To lower the threshold to move from the conventional toward the new construction technique, a combination of 3D printed and conventional concrete is proposed namely concrete elements with stay‐in‐place 3D printed formwork. In this paper, experimental research has been performed to investigate the behavior of 3D printed formwork during casting and curing of fresh material. Cylindrical formwork was printed on small scale and filled with self‐compacting concrete. During the experiments, strain development and temperature evolution were measured in and around the elements. The obtained data was analyzed taking in attention the material characteristics of both materials in order to separate the different mechanisms. Results showed that the formwork is subjected to the lateral pressure of the cast concrete, moisture warping and thermal curling. The strains in the formwork increase significantly after casting as a result of moisture warping and thermal curling. The peak strain of the concrete element is reached during the hydration phase of the cast concrete. As the cast concrete stiffened in a slightly deformed formwork, residual strains will be present after the element cooled down.
Introduction
Authors: Checchi Daniele , Jappelli Tullio , Uricchio Antonio 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUniversities are showing increasing interest in measuring research quality, teaching quality and the relationship between them. Research quality affects individual academic careers and has become important for the efficient allocation of public funding which in many countries and especially countries in Europe is the main component of university financial resources. Teaching quality affects students’ careers, and higher quality teaching can reduce dropout rates, improve student performance, and facilitate graduates’ transition to the labor market. The quality of the research and teaching in universities has mutual effects, since good quality and effective teaching is often related to good research performance. Mobility can emphasize these dynamics; the best students and the best teachers may be concentrated in a few universities creating potential quality gaps among public universities.
Multi-population phase oscillator networks with higher-order interactions
Authors: Bick Christian , Böhle Tobias , Kuehn Christian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe classical Kuramoto model consists of finitely many pairwisely coupled oscillators on the circle. In many applications a simple pairwise coupling is not sufficient to describe real-world phenomena as higher-order (or group) interactions take place. Hence, we replace the classical coupling law with a very general coupling function involving higher-order terms. Furthermore, we allow for multiple populations of oscillators interacting with each other through a very general law. In our analysis, we focus on the characteristic system and the mean-field limit of this generalized class of Kuramoto models. While there are several works studying particular aspects of our program, we propose a general framework to work with all three aspects (higher-order, multi-population, and mean-field) simultaneously. In this article, we investigate dynamical properties within the framework of the characteristic system. We identify invariant subspaces of synchrony patterns and study their stability. It turns out that the so called all-synchronized state, which is one special synchrony pattern, is never asymptotically stable. However, under some conditions and with a suitable definition of stability, the all-synchronized state can be proven to be at least locally stable. In summary, our work provides a rigorous mathematical framework upon which the further study of multi-population higher-order coupled particle systems can be based.
How do you play that makerspace game? An ethnographic exploration of the habitus of engineering makerspaces
Authors: Alemán Melissa W. , Tomko Megan E. , Linsey Julie S. , Nagel Robert L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDrawing upon Bourdieu’s conceptualization of habitus, this ethnographic study explores the cultural bases guiding engineering makerspaces at a public university in the United States. Students carry forms of capital that impact their entry into these learning spaces, over time becoming disciplined in the “game” of makerspaces as they accumulate capital through everyday talk and storytelling. Communication constructs the makerspace habitus as students (1) move from outsider to insider as they acquire forms of capital; (2) negotiate a habitus characterized by tensions of access vs. exclusivity; (3) learn to use the vocabularies of innovation and creativity; and (4) cultivate supportive making communities. Findings point to the critical role of intentional communication and space design in cultivating inclusive makerspace cultures.
Assessing nonlinearities and heterogeneity in debt sustainability analysis: a panel spline approach
Authors: Owusu Benjamin , Bökemeier Bettina , Greiner Alfred 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper empirically studies public debt sustainability with the penalized panel splines approach for 25 EU economies from 2000 to 2019 by estimating the response of the primary surplus to lagged debt relative to GDP, respectively. A positive coefficient on average indicates sustainable policies, which is supported by all our results. Moreover, we show that this relationship is not homogeneous across the distribution of the debt ratios but varies with the magnitude of public debt to GDP. The estimations reveal a strongly increasing reaction for small and high debt ratios while it is rather flat for intermediate levels. This holds for normal times, too, whereas during years of economic crisis a monotonously increasing response can be observed. Additionally, for a cluster consisting of smaller EU economies, there is an indication of ‘fiscal fatigue’, meaning that the effort of active fiscal counter-steering peters out for high ratios of public debt to GDP. The same effect can be observed for the whole sample and a sample including the large EU economies, once Greece is removed.
Critical evaluation of the role of external calibration strategies for IM-MS
Authors: Feuerstein Max L. , Hernández-Mesa Maykel , Valadbeigi Younes , Le Bizec Bruno , Hann Stephan , Dervilly Gaud , Causon Tim 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe major benefits of integrating ion mobility (IM) into LC–MS methods for small molecules are the additional separation dimension and especially the use of IM-derived collision cross sections (CCS) as an additional ion-specific identification parameter. Several large CCS databases are now available, but outliers in experimental interplatform IM-MS comparisons are identified as a critical issue for routine use of CCS databases for identity confirmation. We postulate that different routine external calibration strategies applied for traveling wave (TWIM-MS) in comparison to drift tube (DTIM-MS) and trapped ion mobility (TIM-MS) instruments is a critical factor affecting interplatform comparability. In this study, different external calibration approaches for IM-MS were experimentally evaluated for 87 steroids, for which TWCCSN2, DTCCSN2 and TIMCCSN2 are available. New reference CCSN2 values for commercially available and class-specific calibrant sets were established using DTIM-MS and the benefit of using consolidated reference values on comparability of CCSN2 values assessed. Furthermore, use of a new internal correction strategy based on stable isotope labelled (SIL) internal standards was shown to have potential for reducing systematic error in routine methods. After reducing bias for CCSN2 between different platforms using new reference values (95% of TWCCSN2 values fell within 1.29% of DTCCSN2 and 1.12% of TIMCCSN2 values, respectively), remaining outliers could be confidently classified and further studied using DFT calculations and CCSN2 predictions. Despite large uncertainties for in silico CCSN2 predictions, discrepancies in observed CCSN2 values across different IM-MS platforms as well as non-uniform arrival time distributions could be partly rationalized.
Properties of graphs specified by a regular language
Authors: Diekert Volker , Fernau Henning , Wolf Petra 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTraditionally, graph algorithms get a single graph as input, and then they should decide if this graph satisfies a certain property $$\varPhi $$
Φ
. What happens if this question is modified in a way that we get a possibly infinite family of graphs as an input, and the question is if there is a graph satisfying $$\varPhi $$
Φ
in the family? We approach this question by using formal languages for specifying families of graphs, in particular by regular sets of words. We show that certain graph properties can be decided by studying the syntactic monoid of the specification language L if a certain torsion condition is satisfied. This condition holds trivially if L is regular. More specifically, we use a natural binary encoding of finite graphs over a binary alphabet $$\varSigma $$
Σ
, and we define a regular set $$\mathbb {G}\subseteq \varSigma ^*$$

G
⊆

Σ
∗

such that every nonempty word $$w\in \mathbb {G}$$

w
∈
G

defines a finite and nonempty graph. Also, graph properties can then be syntactically defined as languages over $$\varSigma $$
Σ
. Then, we ask whether the automaton $$\mathcal {A}$$
A
specifies some graph satisfying a certain property $$\varPhi $$
Φ
. Our structural results show that we can answer this question for all “typical” graph properties. In order to show our results, we split L into a finite union of subsets and every subset of this union defines in a natural way a single finite graph F where some edges and vertices are marked. The marked graph in turn defines an infinite graph $$F^\infty $$

F
∞

and therefore the family of finite subgraphs of $$F^\infty $$

F
∞

where F appears as an induced subgraph. This yields a geometric description of all graphs specified by L based on splitting L into finitely many pieces; then using the notion of graph retraction, we obtain an easily understandable description of the graphs in each piece.