bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real‐Time Objective Evaluation of the Ischemic Stroke through pH‐Responsive Fluorescence Imaging
Authors: Yao Shasha , He Chengbin , Yuan Pengcheng , Xu Xiaodan , Zhou Xiaoxuan , Shen Liyin , Hu Qiuhui , Slater Nigel K. H. , Sun Wenjing , Shen Youqing , Hu Hongjie , Tang Jianbin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA rapid and comprehensive assessment of ischemic stroke (IS) is critical for clinicians to take the most appropriate treatment. Currently, IS assessment is mainly carried out by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in combination with observing the clinical symptoms and inquiring about contraindications. However, they cannot diagnose pathological conditions and judge the microenvironment in real‐time. Near‐infrared fluorescence imaging has advantages for IS imaging, such as high sensitivity, high spatiotemporal resolution, and straightforward real‐time operation. Herein, a pH‐responsive fluorescent liposomal probe (BOD@Lip) is prepared for in vivo real‐time visualization of the degree of IS based on the different acid microenvironments in the progression of the disease. The fluorescence imaging with BOD@Lip shows the degree of IS, and the correlation between fluorescence signals and the neurological deficit scores is established for the first time. This work provides a new method to objectively evaluate the degree of IS through a visualized route and a new insight into the relationship between the acidic microenvironment and the progression of IS.
Enhanced Selectivity in the Electroproduction of H2O2 via F/S Dual‐Doping in Metal‐Free Nanofibers
Authors: Xiang Fei , Zhao Xuhong , Yang Jian , Li Ning , Gong Wenxiao , Liu Yizhen , Burguete‐Lopez Arturo , Li Yulan , Niu Xiaobin , Fratalocchi Andrea 
Published: November 2022

AbstractElectrocatalytic two‐electron oxygen reduction (2e− ORR) to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is attracting broad interest in diversified areas including paper manufacturing, wastewater treatment, production of liquid fuels, and public sanitation. Current efforts focus on researching low‐cost, large‐scale, and sustainable electrocatalysts with high activity and selectivity. Here a large‐scale H2O2 electrocatalysts based on metal‐free carbon fibers with a fluorine and sulfur dual‐doping strategy is engineered. Optimized samples yield with a high onset potential of 0.814 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), an almost ideal 2e− pathway selectivity of 99.1%, outperforming most of the recently reported carbon‐based or metal‐based electrocatalysts. First principle theoretical computations and experiments demonstrate that the intermolecular charge transfer coupled with electron spin redistribution from fluorine and sulfur dual‐doping is the crucial factor contributing to the enhanced performances in 2e− ORR. This work opens the door to the design and implementation of scalable, earth‐abundant, highly selective electrocatalysts for H2O2 production and other catalytic fields of industrial interest.
In Situ Endothelialization of Free‐Form 3D Network of Interconnected Tubular Channels via Interfacial Coacervation by Aqueous‐in‐Aqueous Embedded Bioprinting
Authors: Zhang Shanshan , Qi Cheng , Zhang Wei , Zhou Hui , Wu Nihuan , Yang Ming , Meng Si , Liu Zhou , Kong Tiantian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe challenge of bioprinting vascularized tissues is structure retention and in situ endothelialization. The issue is addressed by adopting an aqueous‐in‐aqueous 3D embedded bioprinting strategy, in which the interfacial coacervation of the cyto‐mimic aqueous two‐phase systems (ATPS) are employed for maintaining the suspending liquid architectures, and serving as filamentous scaffolds for cell attachment and growth. By incorporating endothelial cells in the ink phase of ATPS, tubular lumens enclosed by coacervated complexes of polylysine (PLL) and oxidized bacteria celluloses (oxBC) can be cellularized with a confluent endothelial layer, without any help of adhesive peptides. By applying PLL/oxBC ATPS for embedded bioprinting, free‐form 3D vascular networks with in situ endothelialization of interconnected tubular lumens are achieved. This simple approach is a one‐step process without any sacrificed templates and post‐treatments. The resultant functional vessel networks with arbitrary complexity are suspended in liquid medium and can be conveniently handled, opening new routes for the in vitro production of thick vascularized tissues for pathological research, regeneration therapy and animal‐free drug development.
Bioinspired Tough and Strong Fibers with Hierarchical Core–Shell Structure
Authors: Xiao Yao , Yang Chenjing , Zhai Xiaowei , Zhao Lai , Zhao Peng , Ruan Jian , Chen Dong , Weitz David A. , Liu Kai 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStrong and tough bio‐based fibers are attractive for both fundamental research and practical applications. In this work, strong and tough hierarchical core–shell fibers with cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) in the core and regenerated silk fibroins (RSFs) in the shell are designed and prepared, mimicking natural spider silks. CNF/RSF core–shell fibers with precisely controlled morphology are continuously wet‐spun using a co‐axial microfluidic device. Highly‐dense non‐covalent interactions are introduced between negatively‐charged CNFs in the core and positively‐charged RSFs in the shell, diminishing the core/shell interface and forming an integral hierarchical fiber. Meanwhile, shearing by microfluidic channels and post‐stretching induce a better ordering of CNFs in the core and RSFs in the shell, while ordered CNFs and RSFs are more densely packed, thus facilitating the formation of non‐covalent interactions within the fiber matrix. Therefore, CNF/RSF core–shell fibers demonstrate excellent mechanical performances; especially after post‐stretching, their tensile strength, tensile strain, Young's modulus, and toughness are up to 635 MPa, 22.4%, 24.0 GPa, and 110 MJ m−3, respectively. In addition, their mechanical properties are barely compromised even at −40 and 60 °C. Static load and dynamic impact tests suggest that CNF/RSF core–shell fibers are strong and tough, making them suitable for advanced structural materials.
Droplet‐Based Electricity Generator toward Practicality: Configuration, Optimization, and Hybrid Integration
Authors: Huang Xiaohua , Miao Xuyi , Dai Keren , Yin Yajiang , Wang Xiaofeng , Zhang He , Huo Zheng‐Yang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractElectricity is the basic and essential need for every single person and guarantees the development of society, industry, and the economy. The limited conventional fossil fuel meets the challenge of the sharply increasing demand, while may lead to severe pollution. Emerging green energy harvesting systems can convert ambient kinetic, thermal, and solar energy to electricity effectivity. In this review paper, the authors provide an overview of the new and emerging methods, droplet‐based electricity generators, that convert energy from the ubiquitously existing water droplets. The authors begin with a brief introduction of the working principle for droplet‐based power generators. Existing configurations of the droplet‐based power generator are also summarized, including 1) single electrode, 2) transistor‐based, and 3) direct current generator. Then, a detailed discussion of the design and operation factors that may impact the energy harvesting efficiency of droplet‐based power generators is provided. Hybrid energy harvester that integrates droplet‐based power generators with other triboelectric, pyroelectric, and photovoltaic‐based devices are summarized. Finally, challenges and perspectives regarding the future development of droplet‐based power generators are described. The reviews demonstrate a highly efficient method for energy harvesting from water droplets to meet the vital needs of the energy crisis.
Local Cluster Distortions in Amorphous Organotin Sulfide Compounds and Their Influence on the Nonlinear Optical Properties
Authors: Stellhorn Jens R. , Hayakawa Shinjiro , Klee Benjamin D. , Paulus Benedict , Link Vasco Jonathan , Rinn Niklas , Rojas León Irán , Hosier Christopher A. , Dehnen Stefanie , Pilgrim Wolf‐Christian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe local structure of four amorphous organotin sulfide compounds is investigated by X‐ray absorption spectroscopy. These compounds exhibit a nonlinear optical (NLO) response upon irradiation with a continuous‐wave near‐infrared laser. Their basic structural motif is a hetero‐adamantane cluster with different organic substituent, but depending on the morphology of the compound and the choice of the organic substituent, the nature of the NLO response changes to either a second harmonic generation or the generation of a supercontinuum, potentially appearing as white light. The structural results provide an experimental evidence that the nature of the NLO properties is tied to distortions occurring at the cluster core, with almost ideal clusters in compounds that show second harmonic generation, and strongly distorted clusters in the case of compounds that generate a supercontinuum. These distortions may enable a closer proximity of the cluster cores, altering the intermolecular order, and thereby influencing the NLO response.
Uncovering the Fundamental Role of Interlayer Water in Charge Storage for Bilayered V2O5 · nH2O Xerogel Cathode Materials
Authors: Sun Qiangchao , Cheng Hongwei , Yuan Yifei , Liu Yanbo , Nie Wei , Zhao Kangning , Wang Kun , Yao Wenli , Lu Xionggang , Lu Jun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInterlayer engineering is a promising strategy to modify the structure of layered vanadium‐based oxides with optimized ion‐diffusion capability, during which the role of interlayer crystal water in tuning the charge storage properties should be clarified. Herein, a series of hydrated V2O5·nH2O xerogels with varying contents of interlayer water (n) is obtained by differentiating the temperature parameter. Results show that the value n should be properly modified to the best value that is not too large or too small, that is, when n equals 0.26, the V2O5·nH2O electrode exhibits optimized discharge capacity (456.5 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1) and cycling stability with 94.3% retention after 2,000 cycles at 3 A g−1. Regulation of interlayer water content appears to weaken the electrostatic interaction between the VO framework and intercalated Zn2+, which thus enhances the reversibility of the zincation and structural evolution during cycling. Density functional theory calculations suggest that the V2O5·0.26H2O material with modulated electron structure can provide a favorable electrostatic environment for reversible Zn2+ diffusion with a lower migration barrier. The findings of this work are expected to arouse more intensive research efforts into the role of structural water in tuning the energy storage performance in various electrode materials.
Nonfarm entrepreneurship, crop output, and household welfare in Tanzania: An exploration of transmission channels
Authors: Barasa Laura , Kinuthia Bethuel K. , Araar Abdelkrim , Maende Stephene , Mariera Faith 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study analyzes panel data from the Tanzania Living Standards Measurement Study‐Integrated Surveys on Agriculture by the World Bank to investigate the impact of nonfarm entrepreneurship as a nonfarm activity on the value of crop output and household welfare, and to explore the potential transmission channels among rural farm households. Using a dynamic panel model to address endogeneity, our results reveal that nonfarm entrepreneurship has a positive impact on the value of crop output and household welfare. Our findings suggest that income from nonfarm entrepreneurship may enhance crop output through crop production technology and credit access, and household welfare through an increase in consumption expenditure and food expenditure as potential transmission mechanisms. Policies that enhance nonfarm entrepreneurship may also reinforce crop production and the welfare of farm households and are thus imperative. We suggest that policies that boost nonfarm sector growth such as agro‐processing and agribusiness enterprise development might achieve the twin objectives simultaneously: enhancing crop production and household welfare [EconLit Citations: C33, D24, Q12, 012].
Single‐Atom or Dual‐Atom in TiO2Nanosheet: Which is the Better Choice for Electrocatalytic Urea Synthesis?
Authors: Pan Lu , Wang Jingnan , Lu Fei , Liu Qiang , Gao Yuhang , Wang Yan , Jiang Jingzhe , Sun Chao , Wang Jian , Wang Xi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs rising star materials, single‐atom and dual‐atom catalysts have been widely reported in the electro‐catalysis area. To answer the key question: single‐atom and dual‐atom catalysts, which is better for electrocatalytic urea synthesis? we design two types of catalysts via a vacancy‐anchorage strategy: single‐atom Pd1−TiO2and dual‐atom Pd1Cu1−TiO2nanosheets. An ultrahigh urea activity of 166.67 molurea molPd−1 h1with the corresponding 22.54 % Faradaic efficiency at −0.5 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) is achieved over Pd1Cu1−TiO2, which is much higher than that of Pd1−TiO2. Various characterization including an in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and theoretical calculations demonstrate that dual‐atom Pd1Cu1site in Pd1Cu1−TiO2is more favorable for producing urea, which experiences a C−N coupling pathway with a lower energy barrier compared with Pd1in Pd1−TiO2.
Enantioselective Total Syntheses of Preussomerins: Control of Spiroacetal Stereogenicity by Photochemical Reaction of a Naphthoquinone through 1,6‐Hydrogen Atom Transfer
Authors: Ando Yoshio , Ogawa Daichi , Ohmori Ken , Suzuki Keisuke 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe report the enantioselective total syntheses of preussomerins EG1, EG2, and EG3. The key transformation is a stereospecific photochemical reaction involving 1,6‐hydrogen atom transfer to achieve retentive replacement of a C−H with a C−O bond, enabling otherwise‐difficult control of the spiroacetal stereogenic center.
Atomically Dispersed Nickel Anchored on a Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon/TiO2Composite for Efficient and Selective Photocatalytic CH4Oxidation to Oxygenates
Authors: Song Hui , Huang Hengming , Meng Xianguang , Wang Qi , Hu Huilin , Wang Shengyao , Zhang Hongwei , Jewasuwan Wipakorn , Fukata Naoki , Feng Ningdong , Ye Jinhua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDirect photocatalytic oxidation of methane to liquid oxygenated products is a sustainable strategy for methane valorization at room temperature. However, in this reaction, noble metals are generally needed to function as cocatalysts for obtaining adequate activity and selectivity. Here, we report atomically dispersed nickel anchored on a nitrogen‐doped carbon/TiO2composite (Ni−NC/TiO2) as a highly active and selective catalyst for photooxidation of CH4to C1 oxygenates with O2as the only oxidant. Ni−NC/TiO2exhibits a yield of C1 oxygenates of 198 μmol for 4 h with a selectivity of 93 %, exceeding that of most reported high‐performance photocatalysts. Experimental and theoretical investigations suggest that the single‐atom Ni−NC sites not only enhance the transfer of photogenerated electrons from TiO2to isolated Ni atoms but also dominantly facilitate the activation of O2to form the key intermediate ⋅OOH radicals, which synergistically lead to a substantial enhancement in both activity and selectivity.
Monolithic Phosphate Interphase for Highly Reversible and Stable Zn Metal Anode
Authors: Liu Sailin , Vongsvivut Jitraporn (Pimm) , Wang Yanyan , Zhang Ruizhi , Yang Fuhua , Zhang Shilin , Davey Kenneth , Mao Jianfeng , Guo Zaiping 
Published: November 2022

AbstractZinc metal battery (ZMB) is promising as the next generation of energy storage system, but challenges relating to dendrites and corrosion of the zinc anode are restricting its practical application. Here, to stabilize Zn anode, we report a controlled electrolytic method for a monolithic solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) via a high dipole moment solvent dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP). The DMMP‐based electrolytes can generate a homogeneous and robust phosphate SEI (Zn3(PO4)2 and ZnP2O6). Benefiting from the protecting impact of this in situ monolithic SEI, the zinc electrode exhibits long‐term cycling of 4700 h and a high Coulombic efficiency 99.89 % in Zn|Zn and Zn|Cu cell, respectively. The full V2O5|Zn battery with DMMP‐H2O hybrid electrolyte exhibits a high capacity retention of 82.2 % following 4000 cycles under 5 A g−1. The first success in constructing the monolithic phosphate SEI will open a new avenue in electrolyte design for highly reversible and stable Zn metal anodes.
f‐block MOFs: A Pathway to Heterometallic Transuranics
Authors: Park Kyoung Chul , Kittikhunnatham Preecha , Lim Jaewoong , Thaggard Grace C. , Liu Yuan , Martin Corey R. , Leith Gabrielle A. , Toler Donald J. , Ta An T. , Birkner Nancy , Lehman‐Andino Ingrid , Hernandez‐Jimenez Alejandra , Morrison Gregory , Amoroso Jake W. , zur Loye Hans‐Conrad , DiPrete Dave P. , Smith Mark D. , Brinkman Kyle S. , Phillpot Simon R. , Shustova Natalia B. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA novel series of heterometallic f‐block‐frameworks including the first examples of transuranic heterometallic 238U/239Pu‐metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and a novel monometallic 239Pu‐analog are reported. In combination with theoretical calculations, we probed the kinetics and thermodynamics of heterometallic actinide(An)‐MOF formation and reported the first value of a U‐to‐Th transmetallation rate. We concluded that formation of uranyl species could be a driving force for solid‐state metathesis. Density of states near the Fermi edge, enthalpy of formation, band gap, proton affinity, and thermal/chemical stability were probed as a function of metal ratios. Furthermore, we achieved 97 % of the theoretical maximum capacity for An‐integration. These studies shed light on fundamental aspects of actinide chemistry and also foreshadow avenues for the development of emerging classes of An‐containing materials, including radioisotope thermoelectric generators or metalloradiopharmaceuticals.
Synergistic flame‐retardant effect of modified hydrotalcite and expandable graphite for silicone rubber foam
Authors: Liu Xixi , Ma Li , Sheng Youjie , Liu Shangming , Wei Gaoming , Wang Xu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSilica gel‐coated hydrotalcite (LDHs) flame retardants (SiLDHs‐Ce) are prepared by the sol–gel method. The synergistic effect of SiLDHs‐Ce and expandable graphite (EG) on the silicone rubber foam (SRF) is studied through limiting oxygen index (LOI), Cone Calorimeter Test (CC), thermogravimetric infrared spectrometer (TG‐IR), and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that SiLDHs‐Ce and EG can improve the flame retardant properties of the SRF materials. The LOI value of the SRF material can reach 40.1% when the ratio of EG to SiLDHs‐Ce is 2:1, and the heat release rate (HRR) and total heat release (THR) are reduced by 66.60% and 52.76%, respectively, compared with the original. The minimum SPR of the SRF material is 0.010 m2 s−1 when 1 wt% SiLDHs‐Ce has been added. TG‐IR results show that the addition of EG and SiLDHs‐Ce increased the carbon residue rate of SRF materials. Results show that the residual carbon‐containing EG and SiLDHs‐Ce is denser. It is inferred that the synergistic flame retardant mechanism of SiLDHs‐Ce and EG on the SRF is mainly condensed phase flame retardant, augmented by gas‐phase flame retardant. The results of this study can provide guidance for the development of environmentally friendly silicone rubber foam.
Synthesis and characterization of polydopamine‐derived carbon materials with enhanced thermoelectric performance
Authors: Zhu Qi , Wang Zhijun , Xu Ziheng , Wang Yihan , Yin Qinjian , Zhang Kun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPyrolysis of mussel‐inspired polydopamine (PDA) can yield carbon material with high electrical conductivity and n‐type semiconductor performance. Investigating the relationship between the structure and the thermoelectric properties of carbonized PDA (cPDA) is therefore highly desired. In this work, a series of cPDA annealed at 800°C has been successfully prepared by adjusting the concentration of dopamine (DA) monomers, which had a significant effect on the shape and size of cPDA nanoparticles and their thermoelectric properties. Structural analyses indicate that cPDA are mainly amorphous with some graphite like structure and short‐range ordering. The electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient show different trends with the concentration of DA monomers. The largest room‐temperature power factor of 26.15 μW m−1 K−2 was obtained on cPDA when the concentration of DA was 13.12 mM with a conductivity of 28,493 S m−1 and a Seebeck coefficient of −9.58 μV K−1.
Biological impacts of the green synthesized silver nanoparticles on the pregnant albino rats and their fetuses
Authors: Abdelaziz Mennatallah H. , El‐Dakdoky Mai H. , Ahmed Tawfik A. , Mohamed Ayman Saber 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundWith the increasing production and applications of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), they can be released into the air, water, and soil environments leading to direct exposure to human beings. On this, the current study revealed the physiological, histological, and genotoxic effects of the green biosynthesized AgNPs using two methods; lemon juice or saponin reduction on the maternal and fetal tissues.MethodsTwenty‐eight pregnant female rats were divided into four groups (seven/group) and orally administrated the corresponding treatment doses once daily from the first to the 19th gestational day. The first group was administered distilled water as a control. The second group was administrated saponin. The third was administrated AgNps. The fourth was administrated saponin‐loaded silver nanoparticles (Sn‐AgNPs).ResultsCompared with the control group, the serum of pregnant rats treated with saponin, AgNPs, and Sn‐AgNPs exhibited significant alterations in liver and kidney function parameters. In addition, maternal hepatic and renal tissues showed elevated oxidative stress, with a significant increase in the comet parameters. Histologically, both mothers and fetuses showed changes in the liver and kidney tissues.ConclusionsGreen synthesized AgNPs have toxic effects on maternal and fetal tissues. Sn‐AgNPs revealed an increase in the transfer, accumulation, and toxicity.