bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Resilient is the War Contract?
Authors: Lang Gerald 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn War By Agreement, Yitzhak Benbaji and Daniel Statman argue that the morality of war can be governed by a freely accepted agreement over the principles that apply to it. This war contract supersedes the application of the principles of everyday morality to war, thus defying ‘revisionist’ approaches to war, and it upholds a recognizable version of traditional just war theory. This article argues for three claims. First, the contractarian apparatus Benbaji and Statman deploy is actually inconsistent with the deep reasoning they advance on its behalf, since, unsatisfactorily, the contract is supposed to retain normative force even when it is breached by aggressors. Second, the underlying character of their theory makes it something closer to a consequentialist account. Third, this new understanding of their account renders it less distinct from certain articulations of revisionism than they think.
Ockham’s index of citation impact
Authors: Gagolewski Marek , Żogała-Siudem Barbara , Siudem Grzegorz , Cena Anna 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe demonstrate that by using a triple of simple numerical summaries: an author’s productivity, their overall impact, and a single other bibliometric index that aims to capture the shape of the citation distribution, we can reconstruct other popular metrics of bibliometric impact with a sufficient degree of precision. We thus conclude that the use of many indices may be unnecessary – entities should not be multiplied beyond necessity. Such a study was possible thanks to our new agent-based model (Siudem et al. in Proc Natl Acad Sci 117:13896–13900, 2020, 10.1073/pnas.2001064117), which not only assumes that citations are distributed according to a mixture of the rich-get-richer rule and sheer chance, but also fits real bibliometric data quite well. We investigate which bibliometric indices have good discriminative power, which measures can be easily predicted as functions of other ones, and what implications to the research evaluation practice our findings have.
Expert example standards but not idea unit standards help learners accurately evaluate the quality of self-generated examples
Authors: Froese Linda , Roelle Julian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGenerating own examples for previously encountered new concepts is a common and highly effective learning activity, at least when the examples are of high quality. Unfortunately, however, students are not able to accurately evaluate the quality of their own examples and instructional support measures such as idea unit standards that have been found to enhance the accuracy of self-evaluations in other learning activities, have turned out to be ineffective in example generation. Hence, at least when learners generate examples in self-regulated learning settings in which they scarcely receive instructor feedback, they cannot take beneficial regulation decisions concerning when to continue and when to stop investing effort in example generation. The present study aimed at investigating the benefits of a relatively parsimonious means to enhance judgment accuracy in example generation tasks, i.e. the provision of expert examples as external standards. For this purpose, in a 2×2 factorial experiment we varied whether N = 131 university students were supported by expert example standards (with vs. without) and idea unit standards (with vs. without) in evaluating the quality of self-generated examples that illustrated new declarative concepts. We found that the provision of expert example standards reduced bias and enhanced absolute judgment accuracy, whereas idea unit standards had no beneficial effects. We conclude that expert example standards are a promising means to enhance judgment accuracy in evaluating the quality of self-generated examples.
Circulating biomarkers in diagnosis and management of cardiac amyloidosis: a review for internist
Authors: Perfetto Federico , Zampieri Mattia , Fumagalli Carlo , Allinovi Marco , Cappelli Francesco 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCardiac amyloidosis (CA) is due to extracellular myocardial deposition of misfolded proteins resulting in severe cardiac dysfunction and death. The precursors of amyloid fibrils, able of determining a relevant cardiac infiltration, are immunoglobulin-free light chains (AL amyloidosis) and transthyretin (TTR) (both wild and mutated types). The diagnosis of amyloidosis represents a challenge for the clinician given its rarity and its protean clinical presentation, thus an early diagnosis remains a cornerstone for the prognosis of these patients, also in light of the growing available treatments. There is great interest in identifying and applying biomarkers to help diagnose, inform prognosis, guide therapy, and serve as surrogate endpoints in these patients. In AL amyloidosis, biomarkers such as free light chains, natriuretic peptides and troponins are the most extensively studied and validated; they have proved useful in risk stratification, guiding treatment choice and monitoring hematological and organ response. A similar biomarker-based prognostic score is also proposed for ATTR amyloidosis, although studies are small and need to be validated for wild-type and mutant forms.
Graphical abstract
Dress and Labor: An Intersectional Interpretation of Clothing and Adornment Artifacts Recovered from the Levi Jordan Plantation
Authors: Flewellen Ayana Omilade 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThrough an examination of clothing, adornment, and hygiene artifacts recovered from the Quarters area of the Levi Jordan Plantation, this article examines how racial, gendered, and classed operations of power and oppression shaped African American women’s sartorial practices, as an aspect of identity formation, during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in Texas. Through a Black feminist framework, this article focuses on the ways African American women dressed their bodies for the types of labor they performed to discuss how they negotiated ideologies of race, gender, and class, that shaped hegemonic notions of femininity during the post-emancipation era.
The relationship between computed tomography appearance of pulmonary tuberculosis and blood glucose levels in 763 diabetes mellitus patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: a comparative study
Authors: Ren Yan , Ren Hongmei , Tian Qian , Li Xue , Liu Yuxi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionGlucose tolerance is often impaired in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients. We aimed to explore the relationship between computed tomography (CT) findings of TB and blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients.Methods763 diabetes mellitus patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (DMTB) from March 2015 to March 2018 were selected and their clinical data were retrospectively evaluated. CT appearance of DMTB was reviewed and compared according to blood glucose levels and CT scores. TB scores were calculated according to the combination of typical and atypical CT appearance. The relationship between blood glucose levels and CT scores was analyzed via Pearson correlation coefficient.ResultsTB lesions mainly occurred in the left lung and the lower lobes in the DMTB patients. Nodules and cavities are the main typical complications in these DMTB patients, and especially the number and size of cavities predominantly contribute to CT scan scores. The size of cavities (diameters (cm), median (95% CI of median)) was 0.72 (0.66–0.77), 1.20 (1.09–1.28), and 3.45 (2.92–3.94) from the low-, middle- and high-CT-score groups, respectively. The patients with high CT scores had a higher level of fasting plasma glucose (mean 13.48 mM, 95% CI of median 12.56–14.44 mM) than the patients in the low-CT-score (mean 8.73 mM, 95% CI of median 8.49–9.36 mM) and middle-CT-score groups (mean 10.16 mM, 95% CI of median 9.89–10.49 mM) (P < 0.0001). CT scores have a consistent relationship with the levels of blood glucose (rho = 0.60,P < 0.0001).ConclusionsCT appearance stands for the severity of tuberculosis and is closely associated with blood glucose levels in diabetic TB patients.
Clostridium, Bacteroides and Prevotella associates with increased fecal metabolites Trans-4-Hydroxy-L-proline and Genistein in active pulmonary tuberculosis patients during anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy with isoniazid-rifampin-pyrazinamide-ethambutol (HRZE)
Authors: Meng Ruijie , Dong Wenya , Gao Jie , Lu Chunrong , Zhang Chenchen , Liao Qinghua , Chen Liang , Wu Huizhong , Hu Jiwen , Wei Wenjing , Jiang Zhenyou 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To investigated the changes of gut microbiome and fecal metabolome during anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy with isoniazid (H)-rifampin (R)-pyrazinamide (Z)-ethambutol (E).

Patients and methods
(1) In this study, we recruited 168 stool specimens from 49 healthy volunteers without M. tuberculosis (Mtb), 30 healthy volunteers with latently infected by Mtb, 41 patients with active tuberculosis (ATB), 28 patients with 2-month HRZE treatment and 20 patients with 2-month HRZE followed by 4-month HR treatment. (2) We used 16S rRNA sequencing and an untargeted Liquid Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer-based metabolomics to investigate the changes of gut microbiome and the alteration of fecal metabolome, respectively, during anti-TB chemotherapy.

Results
Mtb infection can reduce the diversity of intestinal flora of ATB patients and change their taxonomic composition, while the diversity of intestinal flora of ATB patients were restored during anti-TB chemotherapy. Especially, family Veillonellacea and Bateroidaceae and their genera Veillonella and Bacteroides significantly increased in the gut microbiota during anti-TB chemotherapy. Additionally, Mtb infection dynamically regulates fecal metabolism in ATB patients during anti-TB chemotherapy. Interestingly, the altered abundance of fecal metabolites correlated with the altered gut microbiota, especially the change of gut Clostridium, Bacteroides and Prevotella was closely related to the change of fecal metabolites such as Trans-4-Hydroxy-L-proline and Genistein caused by Mtb infection or anti-TB chemotherapy.

Conclusion
Anti-TB chemotherapy with HRZE can disrupt both gut microbiotas and metabolome in ATB patients. Some specific genera and metabolites are depleted or enriched during anti-TB chemotherapy. Therefore, revealing potential relevance between gut microbiota and anti-TB chemotherapy will provide potential biomarkers for evaluating the therapeutic efficacy in ATB patients.
The effect of covert narcissism on workplace incivility: The mediating role of self-esteem and norms for respect
Authors: Moon Chanki , Morais Catarina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThere has been an abundance of research on narcissism in the workplace. However, most research has focused on the overt (grandiosity) form of narcissism, as well as the effect of narcissism on uncivil behaviors of employees; research focusing directly on the effect of covert (vulnerability) narcissism on the employees’ experience of workplace incivility is lacking. The present research examined whether the personality trait (covert narcissism) of employees affects their experience of incivility considering two potential explanatory variables: self-esteem and perceived norms for respect. A total of 150 participants completed an online questionnaire, which consisted of four well-known measures: the Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale, the Rosenberg Self-esteem scale, the Perceived Norms for Respect, and the Workplace Incivility Scale. The results showed that employees with higher levels of covert narcissism are likely to have greater experiences of workplace incivility through the mediating role of perceived norms for respect. Although the relationship was not explained through the mediating role of self-esteem, it was instead observed that self-esteem and perceived norms for respect jointly affect employees’ experience of incivility at work. These findings broaden our understanding of workplace incivility by simultaneously considering the influences of personality traits, self-esteem, and workplace norms.
Determination of Aminophosphonate Herbicides in Glutamate Loaded Spice Mix by LC-IDMS and Method Extension to Other Food Matrices
Authors: Tölgyesi Ádám , Tóth Edgár , Farkas Tamás , Simon Andrea , Dernovics Mihály , Bálint Mária 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe accumulation of organophosphorus type herbicides has been observed worldwide in the environment (i.e. soil, water), together with their appearance in foods of plant origin. This paper reports a new liquid chromatography–isotope dilution–tandem mass spectrometric method (LC-IDMS) for the analysis of glufosinate (GLUF), glyphosate (GLY) and its main metabolite, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), in challenging food samples. Sample preparation is based on aqueous extraction with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid solution, followed by solid-phase extraction (SPE) on mixed-mode cation exchange cartridges to remove matrix constituents before derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl chloride (FMOC-Cl). Derivatized samples were cleaned up on hydrophilic modified polymeric SPE cartridge. This two-step SPE supported sample preparation approach, and the LC-IDMS separation carried out in negative ionization mode resulted in fit-for-purpose recovery (81–118%) and precision (4–18%) in the validation of glutamate loaded spice mix, mushroom, maize and cherry samples. Amino acid content influencing FMOC derivatization efficiency was estimated with a HILIC-MS/MS setup. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was assisted with high-resolution (QTOF) accurate mass data on the FMOC-derivatized GLUF, GLY and AMPA standards. The limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.005 mg/kg for all the three analytes. The method was successfully applied on quality control samples (oat and arugula) with fit-for-purpose accuracy (99–120%) and on other nineteen real samples, where GLY and AMPA were detected in the range between 0.005 and 0.069 mg/kg.
The Mediating Role of Stigma, Internalized Shame, and Autonomous Motivation in the Relationship Between Depression, Anxiety, and Psychological Help-Seeking Attitudes in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Barta Tamrin , Kiropoulos Litza 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Depression and anxiety are commonly experienced in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) yet little is known about factors associated with psychological help-seeking attitudes in those with MS.

Method
The current study investigated whether increased stigma related to chronic illness, internalized shame, and autonomous motivation mediated the relationship between depressive and anxiety symptoms and psychological help-seeking attitudes in individuals with MS. Two hundred fifty-four participants with MS completed an online questionnaire assessing depressive and anxiety symptoms, stigma related to chronic illness, internalized shame, autonomous motivation, and psychological help-seeking attitudes.

Results
Stigma related to chronic illness, internalized shame, and autonomous motivation mediated the relationships between increased depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms and psychological help-seeking attitudes. The study also found that higher levels of chronic illness–related stigma and internalized shame were associated with more negative psychological help-seeking attitudes and higher autonomous motivation was associated with more positive psychological help-seeking attitudes. There were no direct effects of depressive or anxiety symptoms on psychological help-seeking attitudes.

Conclusion
The significant mediating roles of stigma-related chronic illness, internalized shame, and autonomous motivation indicate that these factors may be useful to include in future depression and anxiety intervention studies targeting MS populations.
Mining sensor data in a smart environment: a study of control algorithms and microgrid testbed for temporal forecasting and patterns of failure
Authors: Qashou Akram , Yousef Sufian , Sanchez-Velazquez Erika 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe generation of active power in renewable energy is dependent on several factors. These variables are related to the areas of weather, physical structure, control, and load behavior. Estimating the future value of the active power to be generated is difficult due to their unpredictable character. However, because of the higher precision required of the estimation, this problem becomes more complex if we examine a short-term temporal prediction. This study presents a method for converting stochastic behavior into a stable pattern, which can subsequently be used in a short-term estimator. For this conversion, K-means clustering is employed, followed by Long-Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) algorithms to perform the Short-term estimate. The environment, the operation, and the generated (normal or faulty) signal are all simulated using mathematical models. Weather parameters and load samples have been collected as part of a dataset. Monte-Carlo simulation using MATLAB programming has been realized to conduct an experiment. In addition, the LSTM and the GRU are compared to see how well they perform in this system. The proposed method's end findings outperform the current state-of-the-art.
The mechanism and countermeasures of inclined well wellbore instability in Dibei deep coal seam
Authors: Zhang Guangfu , He Shiming , Tang Ming , Kong Linghao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe wellbore instability of the deep coal seam has always been a difficult problem limiting drilling engineering in Dibei area of Tarim basin, China. Therefore, the mechanisms of wellbore instability and anticollapse countermeasures in the Dibei deep coal seam are investigated in this study. Firstly, the microstructure and physical and chemical properties of coal and rock are studied to analyze instability mechanism. In addition, orthogonal cleat model and 3 Dimension Distinct Element Code (3DEC) model were proposed to calculate the collapse pressure of the coal seam. And we propose a method for optimizing well trajectory based on wellbore stability. Finally, by optimizing plugging material, an anti-collapse drilling fluid for coal seams is designed and applied in the field. The results indicate that there are many cleats and no montmorillonites in the clay minerals present in coal rocks, indicating that the deep coal seam in Dibei is mainly mechanically unstable. 3DEC model is more accurate, and the orthogonal cleat model can reflect the collapse pressure distribution more intuitively. The reliability of these two models is demonstrated by the actual drilling fluid density of the DB-X01. Furthermore, this study confirms that the blocking-material system of the wellbore stabilization strategy in a coal seam is 3% sulfonated asphalt, 3% emulsified asphalt, and 3% calcium carbonate based on microstructure characteristics. The results of rolling recovery rate and rheology experiments show that the new anti-collapse drilling fluid has better sealing and inhibiting properties on coal seams. Field testing in DT2 well demonstrated the reliability of the collapse pressure prediction model and anticollapse countermeasures proposed in this study. The findings of this study can help for better understanding of wellbore instability mechanism and countermeasures in coal seam. The study is useful for the safe and efficient development of the coal seams in the Dibei area.
New pathogenic insights from large animal models of neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Yin Peng , Li Shihua , Li Xiao-Jiang , Yang Weili 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAnimal models are essential for investigating the pathogenesis and developing the treatment of human diseases. Identification of genetic mutations responsible for neurodegenerative diseases has enabled the creation of a large number of small animal models that mimic genetic defects found in the affected individuals. Of the current animal models, rodents with genetic modifications are the most commonly used animal models and provided important insights into pathogenesis. However, most of genetically modified rodent models lack overt neurodegeneration, imposing challenges and obstacles in utilizing them to rigorously test the therapeutic effects on neurodegeneration. Recent studies that used CRISPR/Cas9-targeted large animal (pigs and monkeys) have uncovered important pathological events that resemble neurodegeneration in the patient’s brain but could not be produced in small animal models. Here we highlight the unique nature of large animals to model neurodegenerative diseases as well as the limitations and challenges in establishing large animal models of neurodegenerative diseases, with focus on Huntington disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinson diseases. We also discuss how to use the important pathogenic insights from large animal models to make rodent models more capable of recapitulating important pathological features of neurodegenerative diseases.
Stubble trouble! Moisture, pathogen fitness and cereal type drive colonisation of cereal stubble by three fungal pathogens
Authors: Petronaitis Toni , Forknall Clayton , Simpfendorfer Steven , Backhouse David , Flavel Richard 
Published: March 2022

AbstractStubble-borne cereal diseases are a major constraint to production in Australia, with associated costs rising as a result of increased adoption of conservation agriculture systems. The fungal pathogens that cause these diseases can saprotrophically colonise retained cereal residues, which may further increase inoculum levels post-harvest. Hence, saprotrophic colonisation by the stubble-borne fungal pathogens Fusarium pseudograminearum, Pyrenophora tritici-repentis and Bipolaris sorokiniana were compared under a range of moisture conditions for stubble of six cereal varieties (two bread wheat, two barley, one durum wheat and one oat). Sterile cereal stubble was inoculated separately with two isolates of each pathogen and placed, standing, under constant relative humidity conditions (90, 92.5, 95, 97.5 and 100%) for 7 days at 25 °C. Stubble was then cultured in increments of 1 cm to determine the percentage colonisation height of each tiller. Fusarium pseudograminearum colonised farther within tillers, leaving a greater proportion of the standing stubble colonised compared with B. sorokiniana and P. tritici-repentis, suggesting F. pseudograminearum has higher saprotrophic fitness. Saprotrophic colonisation also increased with increasing relative humidity for all pathogens and varied by cereal type. Disease management strategies, such as reduced cereal harvest height, may limit saprotrophic colonisation and improve stubble-borne disease management in conservation agriculture systems.
Unbalanced signed graphs with extremal spectral radius or index
Authors: Brunetti Maurizio , Stanić Zoran 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLet $$\dot{G}=(G,\sigma )$$

G
˙

=

(
G
,
σ
)

be a signed graph, and let $$\rho (\dot{G})$$

ρ
(

G
˙

)

(resp. $$\lambda _1(\dot{G})$$

λ
1

(

G
˙

)

) denote the spectral radius (resp. the index) of the adjacency matrix $$A_{\dot{G}}$$

A

G
˙

. In this paper we detect the signed graphs achieving the minimum spectral radius $$m(\mathcal S \mathcal R_n)$$

m
(
S

R
n

)

, the maximum spectral radius $$M(\mathcal S \mathcal R_n)$$

M
(
S

R
n

)

, the minimum index $$m(\mathcal I_n)$$

m
(

I
n

)

and the maximum index $$M(\mathcal I_n)$$

M
(

I
n

)

in the set $$\mathcal U_n$$

U
n

of all unbalanced connected signed graphs with $$n\geqslant 3$$

n
⩾
3

vertices. From the explicit computation of the four extremal values it turns out that the difference $$m(\mathcal S \mathcal R_n)-m(\mathcal I_n)$$

m

(
S

R
n

)

-
m

(

I
n

)

for $$n \geqslant 8$$

n
⩾
8

strictly increases with n and tends to 1, whereas $$M(\mathcal S \mathcal R_n)- M(\mathcal I_n)$$

M

(
S

R
n

)

-
M

(

I
n

)

strictly decreases and tends to 0.