bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of microwave and convective drying kinetics of pea pods (Pisum sativum L.): A new modeling approach using support vector regression methods optimized by dragonfly algorithm techniques
Authors: Hadjout‐Krimat Lynda , Belbahi Amine , Dahmoune Farid , Hentabli Mohamed , Boudria Asma , Achat Sabiha , Remini Hocine , Oukhmanou‐Bensidhoum Sonia , Spigno Giorgia , Madani Khodir 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMachine learning and mathematical modeling techniques have been conducted to model the thin layer drying kinetics of pea pods, under either microwave or conventional air drying,. The effect of nine different microwave output powers (200–1000 W) and five different ventilated oven temperatures (40, 60, 80, 100, and 120°C) on drying kinetics was studied. The experimental drying rates were fitted to 11 literature semi‐empirical models to determine the kinetic parameters, finding the higher goodness‐of‐fit for the Midilli et al. model (average R2 = 0.999 for both drying methods). Moreover, the data were modeled using support vector machine (SVM) for regression which was optimized with dragonfly algorithm (DA) technique. The best result was obtained by Gaussian kernel with the optimal parameters σ, C, and ε values estimated as 0.2871, 78.45, and 0, respectively. The small root mean square error (RMSE = 0.0132) and the high determination coefficient (R2 = 0.9983) values proved how robust the SVM model is. DA‐SVM techniques can reliably be utilized to describe the thin layer drying kinetics of pea pods. It is useful to provide models that can assist in the development of food process control algorithms, and provided insights into complex processes, for the technological design of microwave or convective drying for pea pods preservation.Practical applicationsDrying of by‐products from pea processing industry was investigated as a critical step prior to their valorization. The drying of pea pods has never been investigated before which is the case of the present study whose objective was to study and model the microwave and convective drying kinetics of pea pods. Our research work reported that the Midilli et al. model was the most appropriate to describe the thin layer drying kinetics of pea pods for both drying methods, but mathematical drying models, although a useful tool, remains empirical in nature and product specific. Because of these limitations the new model DA‐SVM, developed using artificial intelligence techniques, can reliably be used to describe the nonlinear behavior of pea pods drying. These results could be further used for scale up calculation, which would further allow industrial scale preservation by microwave or convective drying of pea pods.
The devil's in the details: Variation in estimates of late‐life activity limitations across national cohort studies
Authors: Ankuda Claire K. , Covinsky Kenneth , Freedman Vicki A. , Langa Kenneth , Aldridge Melissa D. , Yee Cynthia , Kelley Amy S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAssessing activity limitations is central to aging research. However, assessments of activity limitations vary, and this may have implications for the populations identified. We aim to compare measures of activities of daily living (ADLs) and their resulting prevalence and mortality across three nationally‐representative cohort studies: the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), the Health and Retirement Survey (HRS), and the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS).MethodsWe compared the phrasing and context of questions around help and difficulty with six self‐care activities: eating, bathing, toileting, dressing, walking inside, and transferring. We then compared the prevalence and 1‐year mortality for difficulty and help with eating and dressing.ResultsNHATS, HRS, and MCBS varied widely in phrasing and framing of questions around activity limitations, impacting the proportion of the population found to experience difficulty or receive help. For example, in NHATS 12.4% [95% confidence interval (CI) 11.5%–13.4%] of the cohort received help with dressing, while in HRS this figure was 6.4% [95% CI 5.7%–7.2%] and MCBS 5.3% [95% CI 4.7%–5.8%]. When combined with variation in sampling frame and survey approach of each survey, such differences resulted in large variation in estimates of the older population of older adults with ADL disability.ConclusionsIn order to take late‐life activity limitations seriously, we must clearly define the measures we use. Further, researchers and clinicians seeking to understand the experience of older adults with activity limitations should be careful to interpret findings in light of the framing of the question asked.
Coronatine promotes maize water uptake by directly binding to the aquaporin ZmPIP2;5 and enhancing its activity
Authors: He Rui , Su Huiqing , Wang Xing , Ren Zhijie , Zhang Kun , Feng Tianyu , Zhang Mingcai , Li Zhaohu , Li Legong , Zhuang Junhong , Gong Zhizhong , Zhou Yuyi , Duan Liusheng 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTWater uptake is crucial for crop growth and development and drought stress tolerance. The water channel aquaporins (AQP) play important roles in plant water uptake. Here, we discovered that a jasmonic acid analog, coronatine (COR), enhanced maize (Zea mays) root water uptake capacity under artificial water deficiency conditions. COR treatment induced the expression of the AQP gene Plasma membrane intrinsic protein 2;5 (ZmPIP2;5). In vivo and in vitro experiments indicated that COR also directly acts on ZmPIP2;5 to improve water uptake in maize and Xenopus oocytes. The leaf water potential and hydraulic conductivity of roots growing under hyperosmotic conditions were higher in ZmPIP2;5‐overexpression lines and lower in the zmpip2;5 knockout mutant, compared to wild‐type plants. Based on a comparison between ZmPIP2;5 and other PIP2s, we predicted that COR may bind to the functional site in loop E of ZmPIP2;5. We confirmed this prediction by surface plasmon resonance technology and a microscale thermophoresis assay, and showed that deleting the binding motif greatly reduced COR binding. We identified the N241 residue as the COR‐specific binding site, which may activate the channel of the AQP tetramer and increase water transport activity, which may facilitate water uptake under hyperosmotic stress.
Analysing the effect of sodium bicarbonate and glycine air polishing on tooth surfaces with two different imaging methods
Authors: Balta‐Uysal V. Merve , Orhan Kaan , Oguz Ece Irem , Guzeldemir‐Akcakanat Esra 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare two different imaging methods by assessing changes caused by sodium bicarbonate and glycine air polishing on the tooth surfaces. Fourteen single root teeth with exposed root surfaces were included into the study. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups: sodium bicarbonate and glycine group. Samples were scanned in a micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT) and CAD/CAM (computer‐aided design/computer‐aided manufacturing) at baseline and then after air‐polishing powder applications, the defect volume values were evaluated. There was a statistically significant difference between mean defect volume values that occurred after glycine and sodium bicarbonate air polishing evaluated with micro‐CT and CAD/CAM (p < 0.05). After sodium bicarbonate air polishing, defect volume on enamel surface at maximum power and defect volume on the exposed root surface at medium power values calculated with CAD/CAM were higher. After glycine air polishing, defect volume values on both surfaces at medium power setting calculated with CAD/CAM were lower. Defect volume values on enamel surface at maximum power setting calculated with CAD/CAM were higher than calculated with micro‐CT. We concluded that CAD/CAM cannot provide as accurate results as micro‐CT. Glycine‐based powder is less abrasive than sodium bicarbonate, especially on enamel surface.Lay Description: Micro‐CT is a non‐destructive imaging method with high resolution and allows to examine all tooth structures individually. CAD/CAM are systems that are widely used in dentistry today. Access to the device is easier than micro‐CT. Intraoral scanners in CAD/CAM systems also provide non‐destructive image scanning. The aim of this study was to compare two different imaging methods by assessing changes caused by sodium bicarbonate and glycine air polishing on the tooth surfaces. The results showed that because of the analyses made with CAD/CAM, similar results could not be obtained with micro‐CT and cannot be used to evaluate the changes that occur after air polishing.
Deviant peer affiliation, parent involvement, and aggressive behaviors of rural children in China
Authors: Yang Yang , Deng Binting , Yang Fan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAggressive behaviors in early childhood may indicate future violence, so effective intervention measures should be taken on time to promote children's physical and psychological health. Based on sampling survey data from Jintang County in Sichuan Province of China, this paper analyzes the mechanism of rural children's aggressive behaviors from the perspective of peer influences and examines the role of parent involvement in it. The results show that the deeper the degree of deviant peer affiliation, the poorer the psychosocial adaptation of rural children, which is more likely to lead to aggressive behaviors. Parent involvement can effectively inhibit the aggressive behaviors of rural children arising from deviant peer affiliation.
Optimal patent licensing—Two or three‐part tariff
Authors: Banerjee Swapnendu , Mukherjee Arijit , Poddar Sougata 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe look into technology transfer by an insider patentee in a spatial duopoly model under three types of licensing contracts—(i) two‐part tariff with fixed fee and per‐unit royalty, (ii) two‐part tariff with fixed fee and ad‐valorem royalty and (iii) general three‐part tariff with fixed fee, per‐unit and ad‐valorem royalties. Under two‐part tariff contracts, the licenser is better off with the per‐unit royalty contract but the general contract does better than the other contracts. In contrast to the existing literature, all three licensing contracts may make the consumers worse‐off compared to no licensing, with the lowest consumer surplus achieved under the general licensing contract. Welfare under the general licensing contract is equal to the welfare under two‐part tariff with ad‐valorem royalty and it is higher than the welfare under no licensing but lower than the welfare under two‐part tariff with per‐unit royalty. Hence, the general three‐part licensing contract is privately optimal but not socially optimal. Similar conclusions hold also under a nonspatial linear demand model with differentiated products.
Stepping up to genome scan allows stock differentiation in the worldwide distributed blue shark Prionace glauca
Authors: Nikolic Natacha , Devloo‐Delva Floriaan , Bailleul Diane , Noskova Ekaterina , Rougeux Clément , Delord Chrystelle , Borsa Philippe , Liautard‐Haag Cathy , Hassan Mohamad , Marie Amandine D. , Feutry Pierre , Grewe Peter , Davies Campbell , Farley Jessica , Fernando Daniel , Biton‐Porsmoguer Sebastian , Poisson François , Parker Denham , Leone Agostino , Aulich Jorden , Lansdell Matt , Marsac Francis , Arnaud‐Haond Sophie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe blue shark Prionace glauca is a top predator with one of the widest geographical distributions of any shark species. It is classified as Critically Endangered in the Mediterranean Sea, and Near Threatened globally. Previous genetic studies did not reject the null hypothesis of a single global population. The blue shark was proposed as a possible archetype of the “grey zone of population differentiation,” coined to designate cases where population structure may be too recent or too faint to be detected using a limited set of markers. Here, blue shark samples collected throughout its global range were sequenced using a specific RAD method (DArTseq), which recovered 37,655 genome‐wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Two main groups emerged, with Mediterranean Sea and northern Atlantic samples (Northern population) differentiated significantly from the Indo‐west Pacific samples (Southern population). Significant pairwise FST values indicated further genetic differentiation within the Atlantic Ocean, and between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. Reconstruction of recent demographic history suggested divergence between Northern and Southern populations occurred about 500 generations ago and revealed a drastic reduction in effective population size from a large ancestral population. Our results illustrate the power of genome scans to detect population structure and reconstruct demographic history in highly migratory marine species. Given that the management plans of the blue shark (targeted or bycatch) fisheries currently assume panmictic regional stocks, we strongly recommend that the results presented here be considered in future stock assessments and conservation strategies.
Access to rideshare and satisfaction, prenatal healthcare utilisation, and preterm delivery among pregnant Medicaid recipients: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Lynch Courtney D. , Conroy Sara , Jackson Kenneth A. , Smith Rachel M. , Hade Erinn M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundLack of access to reliable transportation is a barrier to timely receipt of prenatal care.ObjectivesWe aimed to assess the impact of modernisation of non‐emergency medical transportation services on patient satisfaction, prenatal care utilisation, and preterm delivery.MethodsWe conducted a randomised controlled pilot trial among pregnant Medicaid recipients in Franklin County, Ohio, a county with high rates of infant mortality. Individuals were randomly assigned to usual non‐emergency medical transportation services or enhanced smart transportation (EST) services (i.e. on‐demand transportation with access to a mobile application and trips to the grocery store, food bank or pharmacy). The primary outcome was satisfaction with transportation services. Secondary outcomes included adequacy of prenatal care utilisation (APNCU) and preterm delivery <37 weeks.ResultsWomen were screened between 31 May 2019 and 30 June 2020, with 143 being eligible and enrolling. Evidence of increased satisfaction with transportation was observed in the intervention group compared to usual transportation, with 83.8% and 68.8% reporting being somewhat satisfied or very satisfied respectively (risk difference [RD] 14.8%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.5, 29.1). There were no meaningful differences in APNCU or preterm delivery between groups (APNCU: RD 2.1%, 95% CI −14.0, 18.2 and preterm delivery: RD −3.9%, 95% CI −17.0, 9.3).ConclusionsWe found evidence of increased transportation satisfaction among pregnant women randomly assigned to EST versus usual transportation. It remains unclear whether the provision of EST increases prenatal care utilisation or decreases preterm delivery.
Selection of frozen–thawed stallion semen by microfluidic technology
Authors: Vigolo Veronica , Gautier Camille , Falomo Maria Elena , Aurich Christine 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe use of microfluidic technology is increasing in artificial reproduction technologies: With a small amount of semen, it allows for the selection of sperm with the best characteristics of kinetics, morphology and chromatin integrity. The ZyMot Multi (850 μl) is the most popular device of ZyMot Fertility Inc. To date, it was proven to be a valid instrument for sperm selection for in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection in men. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of the ZyMot Multi (850 μl) for stallion semen. Frozen–thawed semen from 15 stallions that were previously classified as being of ‘good fertility’ (GF; n = 8; pregnancy rate ≥ 40%) and ‘poor fertility’ (PF; n = 7; pregnancy rate < 20%), respectively, was used. Each ejaculate was assessed before and after microfluid recovery for kinetics (CASA), membrane integrity (MI) (SYBR14/PI), membrane functionality (MF) (HOS test), acrosome integrity (Spermac Stain Kit), morphology (Spermac stain kit), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) (JC‐1) and chromatin integrity (aniline blue staining). Sperm concentration was reduced after sperm recovery in both groups, but more markedly in frozen–thawed semen of PF stallions (p < .05). Microfluid recovery increased total motility, MI, MF and MMP. While there was a significant increase in the percentage of progressively motile sperm after sperm microfluid recovery, there was a decrease in DAP, DSL, VAP, VSL, LIN, WOB and ALH (p < .05). A slight increase (p < .05) was detected in beat‐cross frequency. The present results suggest that the ZyMot Multi (850 μl) device selects a specific sperm population from any stallion ejaculate with motile sperm and could therefore be a valid tool for in vitro testing with the aim to predict the fertility of frozen–thawed stallion semen.
Intercontinental shipping in the European Union emissions trading system: A ‘fifty–fifty’ alignment with the law of the sea and international climate law?
Authors: Kotzampasakis Manolis 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe European Commission has proposed to extend the European Union (EU) emissions trading system to 50% of the carbon dioxide emissions from intercontinental maritime voyages that start or end at European ports. Yet, it remains unclear why this ‘fifty–fifty’ scope was selected and whether it is compatible with international law. This article disentangles the proposal's rationale and maps the EU's jurisdictional possibilities and limitations from the perspective of the law of the sea and international climate law. The findings suggest that, although there are sufficient jurisdictional grounds for implementing the extended emissions trading system as a port entry condition, the applicable legal limitations require certain amendments to the EU proposal. Concrete legal suggestions are formulated to increase alignment with the enforcement restrictions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and with the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities in international climate law, while complying with the obligations of nondiscrimination, good faith, and nonabuse of rights.
A COVID-19 Model for Local Authorities of the United Kingdom
Authors: Mishra Swapnil , Scott James A. , Laydon Daniel J. , Zhu Harrison , Ferguson Neil M. , Bhatt Samir , Flaxman Seth , Gandy Axel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We propose a new framework to model the COVID-19 epidemic of the United Kingdom at the local authority level. The model fits within a general framework for semi-mechanistic Bayesian models of the epidemic based on renewal equations, with some important innovations, including a random walk modelling the reproduction number, incorporating information from different sources, including surveys to estimate the time-varying proportion of infections that lead to reported cases or deaths, and modelling the underlying infections as latent random variables. The model is designed to be updated daily using publicly available data. We envisage the model to be useful for now-casting and short-term projections of the epidemic as well as estimating historical trends. The model fits are available on a public website: https://imperialcollegelondon.github.io/covid19local. The model is currently being used by the Scottish government to inform their interventions.
The interrogator‐suspect dynamic in custodial interrogations for high‐stakes crimes in Sweden: An application of the interrogation taxonomy framework
Authors: Hagsand Angelica V. , Kelly Christopher E. , Mindthoff Amelia , Evans Jacqueline R. , Compo Nadja Schreiber , Karhu Julia , Huntley Richard 
Published: December 2022

This archival study was the first in Sweden, and the first outside of the US and the UK, to apply the (Kelly et al., Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 9, 165–178, 2013) taxonomy of interrogation methods framework to repeated police interrogations of adult suspects in high‐stakes crimes. Audio/video recordings (N = 19) were collected from the Swedish Police Authority of repeated interrogations of three suspects in three criminal cases. The interaction between interrogators and suspects were scored according to the taxonomy framework (Kelly et al., Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 9, 165–178, 2013; Kelly et al., Law and Human Behavior, 40, 295–309, 2016). First, there was an association between the use of different domains. Rapport and relationship building was moderately and negatively associated with confrontation/competition and presentation of evidence. Moreover, confrontation/competition was moderately and positively related to emotion provocation and presentation of evidence. Second, changes were observed during the interrogations. Presentation of evidence was lower in the beginning than in the middle block. Suspect cooperation was higher in the beginning than both the middle and end blocks. Third, an ordered logistic regression showed that rapport and relationship building were associated with increased suspect cooperation, and confrontation/competition and presentation of evidence were associated with decreased cooperation. The study's results are mostly in line with other taxonomy studies on high‐stakes crimes from the US and the UK. The findings are discussed in light of theoretical frameworks, empirical findings, and current police practice. We also highlight the need for further research.
Sternohyoideus‐sternothyroideus muscle flap to reconstruct oronasal fistulas due to maxillary cancer in four dogs
Authors: Ciepluch Brittany J. , Séguin Bernard , Worley Deanna 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the repair of oronasal fistulas in dogs treated for maxillary cancer, with a novel sternohyoideus‐sternothyroideus muscle flap, and to report the outcome.AnimalsClient‐owned dogs (n = 4) with oronasal fistulas related to cancer.Study designShort case series.MethodsMaxillary defects were caused by tissue destruction by the tumor and tumor response to radiation therapy in two cases and a complication of caudal maxillectomy in two cases, one of which had neoadjuvant radiation therapy. All tumors were >4 cm at the level of the maxilla. Flaps were harvested by transecting the ipsilateral sternothyroideus and sternohyoideus muscles from their origin at the manubrium and costal cartilage. The muscles were rotated around the base of the cranial thyroid artery and tunneled subcutaneously in the neck and through an incision in the caudodorsal aspect of the oral cavity. The muscle flap was sutured to the edges of the oronasal fistula.ResultsThe flap reached as far rostral as the level of the first premolar without tension. All dogs had clinical signs that improved postoperatively. All dogs had partial dehiscence of the flap.ConclusionThis flap was associated with a high rate of complications; however, all flaps were used in challenging cases. Clinical signs related to oronasal fistula were improved in all dogs in this case series.