bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of Zearalenone on heat-stressed skeletal muscle in pigs
Authors: Rudolph Tori E , Roach Crystal M , Baumgard Lance H , Ross Jason W , Keating Aileen F , Selsby Josh T 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Heat stress (HS) and Zearalenone (ZEN) exposure affect growth, production efficiency, and animal welfare; and, under extreme situations, both can be lethal. Given that both HS and ZEN independently cause oxidative stress, we hypothesized that simultaneous exposure to HS and ZEN would cause greater oxidative stress in porcine skeletal muscle than either condition, alone. To address this hypothesis, crossbred, prepubertal gilts were treated with either vehicle control (cookie dough) or ZEN (40 μg/kg) and exposed to either thermoneutral (TN; 21.0 °C) or 12-h diurnal HS conditions (night: 32.2 °C; day: 35.0 °C) for 7 d. Pigs were euthanized immediately following the environmental challenge and the glycolytic (STW) and oxidative (STR) portions of the semitendinosus muscle were collected for analysis. In STR, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, a marker of oxidative stress, tended to increase following ZEN exposure (P = 0.08). HS increased CAT (P = 0.019) and SOD1 (P = 0.049) protein abundance, while ZEN decreased GPX1 protein abundance (P = 0.064) and activity (P = 0.036). In STR, HS did not alter protein expression of HSP27, HSP70, or HSP90. Conversely, in STW, MDA-modified proteins remained similar between all groups. Consistent with STR, ZEN decreased GPX1 (P = 0.046) protein abundance in STW. In STW, ZEN decreased protein abundance of HSP27 (P = 0.032) and pHSP27 (P = 0.0068), while HS increased protein expression of HSP70 (P = 0.04) and HSP90 (P = 0.041). These data suggest a muscle fiber type-specific response to HS or ZEN exposure, potentially rendering STR more susceptible to HS- and/or ZEN-induced oxidative stress, however, the combination of HS and ZEN did not augment oxidative stress.
The socioecological correlates of meal skipping in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review
Authors: Wild Holly , Baek Yeji , Shah Shivangi , Gasevic Danijela , Owen Alice 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Context
Meal skipping may contribute to nutrient deficiency across the lifespan. Multiple socioecological factors have been identified as correlates of meal skipping in adolescents and adults, but evidence in older adults is limited.

Objective
To determine the socioecological correlates of meal skipping in community-dwelling older adults.

Data source
Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and MEDLINE electronic databases were systematically searched from inception to March 2021.

Data extraction
A total of 473 original research studies on socioecological factors and meal skipping among community-dwelling adults aged ≥65 years were identified. Title, abstract, and full-text review was performed by 2 reviewers independently, and a third reviewer resolved disagreements. A total of 23 studies met our inclusion criteria. Data were extracted by 1 reviewer from these studies and independently verified by another. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess methodological quality.

Data analysis
The frequency of meal skipping in included studies ranged between 2.1% and 61%. This review identified 5 domains of socioecological correlates associated with meal skipping in older adults: sociodemographic, behavioral, biomedical, psychological, and social.

Conclusion
Understanding the factors associated with meal skipping in older adults can inform the development of targeted interventions to improve nutrition and health.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO registration no. CRD42021249338.
Low levels of hybridization between domestic and wild Mallards wintering in the lower Mississippi Flyway
Authors: Davis J Brian , Outlaw Diana C , Ringelman Kevin M , Kaminski Richard M , Lavretsky Philip 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) duck is a ubiquitous and socio-economically important game bird in North America. Despite their generally abundant midcontinent population, Mallards in eastern North America are declining, which may be partially explained by extensive hybridization with human-released domestically derived game-farm Mallards. We investigated the genetic composition of Mallards in the middle and lower Mississippi flyway, key wintering regions for the species. We found that nearly 30% of wild Mallards carried mitochondrial (mtDNA) haplotypes derived from domestic Mallards present in North America, indicating that the individuals had female game-farm Mallard lineage in their past; however, nuclear results identified only 4% of the same sample set as putative hybrids. Recovering 30% of samples with Old World (OW) A mtDNA haplotypes is concordant with general trends across the Mississippi flyway and this percentage was stable across Mallards we sampled a decade apart. The capture and perpetuation of OW A mtDNA haplotypes are likely due to female breeding structure, whereas reversal of the nuclear signal back to wild ancestry is due to sequential backcrossing and lower and/or declining admixture with game-farm Mallards. Future studies of wild ancestry of Mississippi flyway Mallards will benefit from coupling molecular and spatial technology across flyways, seasons, and years to search for potential transitions of Mallard populations with different genetic ancestry, and whether the genetic ancestry is somehow linked to an individual’s natal and subsequent breeding location.
Dangerous Proximities: Anglo-American Humanitarian Paternalists in the Era of Indigenous Removal
Authors: Martini Elspeth 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article explores Indigenous removal as a trans-imperial phenomenon through the writings of U.S. superintendent of Indian affairs, Thomas McKenney, and three of his British imperial counterparts—George Arthur, Charles La Trobe, and Francis Bond Head—all of whom declared themselves committed to ameliorating the condition of Indigenous people and concluded that this project necessitated Indigenous removal from proximity to British or U.S. settler populations. All four men employed stereotyped paternalistic imaginings to justify removal as the humanitarian duty of the self-proclaimed “civilized” toward Indigenous people. Yet their writing about their own proximity to actual Indigenous people—in spaces that in the 1820s and 1830s comprised the “Wests” of Anglophone expansion in North America and Australia—also reveal Indigenous bodily realities and political imperatives that instead posed dangers to these “civilized” men and their paternal schemas. Although these four Anglo-American men’s rendering of such dangerous proximities do not, of course, fully explain the causes and horrors of removal policies, they suggest the need to look at the intimate spaces of Anglo-American imperial reach to reveal otherwise unacknowledged reasons why those proclaiming genuine concern for Indigenous wellbeing would support the stark subjugation and segregation of Indigenous removal.
Effects of Early Life Trauma on Risks for Adult Opioid Use Disorder Are Mediated by Stress and Occur Independent of Depression and Anxiety
Authors: Dunn Kelly E. , Turner Gavin M. , Oswald Lynn M. 
Published: August 2022

Objectives
Adverse childhood experiences, or early life trauma (ELT), may be a potential risk factor for opioid use disorders (OUDs) that could be further influenced by depression, anxiety, and stress. The prevalence and strength of these associations are largely unknown.

Methods
This study examined the association between current OUD severity and lifetime history of ELT, and the degree to which current depression, anxiety, and stress influenced this association, in persons (n = 310) with at least 1 lifetime exposure to opioids using an online survey.

Results
Ninety-three percent of respondents experienced at least 1 trauma in their lifetime, and 65% met the criteria for OUD. Early life trauma was largely unassociated with demographics but demonstrated an almost “dose-dependent” association among all forms of ELT (total, general, physical, emotional, sexual), whereby more ELT was associated with more severe current OUD. A multivariate mediation model found perceived stress to be a robust mediator of this association. Current psychiatric functioning did not significantly moderate the relationship between ELT and OUD, suggesting that ELT may impact OUD severity at varying levels of psychiatric functioning.

Conclusions
These data support existing evidence that greater ELT may influence adult OUD severity and identify perceived stress as a potential mechanistic contributor to this association. Results are preliminary in nature but support continued research into mechanisms underlying the association between ELT and OUD, particularly conformational changes in the stress system resultant from ELT, and interventions to mitigate the impact of ELT on OUD development and/or develop trauma-informed OUD treatment approaches.
Methadone Dose, Cannabis Use, and Treatment Retention: Findings From a Community-based Sample of People Who Use Unregulated Drugs
Authors: Lake Stephanie , Buxton Jane , Walsh Zach , Cooper Ziva D. , Socías M. Eugenia , Fairbairn Nadia , Hayashi Kanna , Milloy M-J 
Published: August 2022

Objectives
Lower daily methadone dose is negatively associated with retention in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). Cannabis use during MMT is common, with many patients reporting its use for opioid withdrawal mitigation. We sought to test whether the association between lower MMT dose and treatment retention differs by concurrent high-frequency cannabis use in a community sample of people on MMT.

Methods
We obtained data from participants initiating MMT in 2 community-recruited prospective cohorts of people who use drugs in Vancouver, Canada. We built multivariable Cox frailty models to estimate the relationships between MMT dose (<90 mg/d vs ≥90 mg/d) and time to treatment discontinuation. We included an interaction term to test whether high-frequency (≥daily) cannabis use modified the measured effect of lower treatment dose on treatment retention.

Results
Between December 2005 and December 2018, 829 participants (54.1%) initiated at least 1 MMT episode and were included in the analysis. Lower MMT dose was strongly positively associated with treatment discontinuation regardless of concurrent high-frequency cannabis use (interaction P > 0.05). Structural factors including homelessness and incarceration were significantly and positively associated with treatment discontinuation.

Conclusions
Although we previously found the magnitude and strength of the relationship between lower MMT dose and high-frequency unregulated opioid use to be tempered during high-frequency cannabis use periods, this effect measure modification does not appear to translate to time retained in treatment. Cannabis-based interventions to promote retention in MMT are unlikely to produce long-term benefit without addressing external factors that place MMT patients at increased risk of treatment discontinuation.
Short-term Outcomes and Difficulty of Repeat Laparoscopic Liver Resection
Authors: Mori Shozo , Mishima Kohei , Ozaki Takahiro , Fujiyama Yoshiki , Wakabayashi Go 
Published: August 2022

Objectives:
To investigate the feasibility of repeat laparoscopic liver resection (Rep-LLR), including repeat anatomical resection (Rep-AR), as compared to initial-LLR (Ini-LLR).

Background:
The indications of LLR have expanded to treatment of recurrent liver tumors. However, the feasibility of Rep-LLR, including Rep-AR, has not yet been adequately assessed.

Methods:
Data of 297 patients who had undergone LLR were reviewed. Among the 297 patients, 235 (AR: 168) had undergone Ini-LLR and 62 (AR: 27) had undergone Rep-LLR, and the surgical outcomes were compared between the groups. In addition, multivariate analysis was performed to identify predictors of the difficulty of Rep-LLR based on the operation time and volume of blood loss.

Results:
Of the 62 patients who had undergone Rep-LLR, 44, 14, and 4 had undergone second, third, and fourth repeat LRs, respectively. No significant intergroup differences were observed in regard to the operation time, blood loss, conversion rate to open surgery, postoperative morbidity, or postoperative hospital stay. However, the proportion of patients in whom the Pringle maneuver was used was significantly lower in the Rep-LLR group than in the Ini-LLR group. Multivariate analysis identified surgical procedure ≥sectionectomy at the initial/previous LR and an IWATE difficulty score of ≥6 as being independent predictors of the difficulty of Rep-LLR. Use of adhesion barriers at the initial/previous LR was associated with a decreased risk of failure to perform the Pringle maneuver during Rep-LLR.

Conclusions:
Rep-LLR can offer outcomes comparable to those of Ini-LLR over the short term.
A Newer Way of Determining LIV in AIS Patients: Rotation of the Touched Vertebrae
Authors: Sarwahi Vishal , Hasan Sayyida , Wendolowski Stephen , Visahan Keshin , Atlas Aaron , Galina Jesse , Lo Yungtai , Amaral Terry , Rao Himanshu , Thornhill Beverly 
Published: August 2022

Study Design.
A retrospective review.

Objective.
The objective of this study was to determine whether fusing to touched vertebra (TV) on prone x-rays (XRs) with minimal rotation (Gd 0/1) allow for shorter fusion with optimal correction.

Summary of Background.
Previous studies have shown risk of “adding on” when TV is not selected as lowest instrumented vertebra (LIV). Fusion proximal to TV leads to suboptimal results but fusing to TV on standing XRs can result in longer fusions. On lying down XRs, TV moves proximally, and its rotation decreases by a grade.

Methods.
TV patients with minimal rotation were selected on prone (TVP) or standing XRs (TVS). Patients fused to rotated (Gd 2+) TV on standing or prone XRs were considered touched vertebra rotated (TVR). In the non-TV (NTV) group, LIV was fused proximal to TV. Disk wedging ≥5° determined risk of “adding-on.” To compare patients fused to minimally rotated TV, to those that were not, patients in group A (TVP + TVS) were compared with group B (TVR + NTV).
In part II: TVP, TVS, TVR, and NTV patients were compared. Subanalysis compared levels saved as the difference between predicted and real LIV in TVP and TVS patients. Another subanalysis was carried out for Lenke 1+2 and Lenke 3, 4, 5.
In part III: XRs of nonoperative adolescents idiopathic scoliosis patients with Cobb <30 and Risser 4/5 were analyzed to determine “acceptable” end vertebra tilt and disc wedging and served as controls.

Results.
There were a significantly greater number of patients in group B patients(TVR + NTV) with final disk wedging ≥5°, final LIV translation ≥1 and ≥2 cm (P<0.001).
Utilizing prone XRs in TVP saved average 1 level, and 1.2 levels in TVS patients. TVP patients also had similar LIV tilt, disk wedging and coronal balance(P>0.05) to controls.

Conclusion.
Choosing minimally rotated (Gd 0/1) TV on prone XR saves levels without sacrificing radiographic outcomes.
Filing a Workers' Compensation Claim for Low Back Pain and Associated Factors
Authors: Kyung Minjung , Lee Soo-Jeong , Collman Nicole , Domeracki Sandra , Hong OiSaeng 
Published: August 2022

Objective
The aim of this study was to examine the degree of reporting work-related low back pain (LBP) by workers' compensation (WC) claim filing and associated factors among US workers.

Methods
We conducted multivariable logistic regression using the 2015 National Health Interview Survey data.

Results
Among 1203 US workers with self-reported work-related LBP diagnosis, only 19.6% filed for WC. Compared with non-Hispanic White workers, Black, Asian, and Hispanic workers were less likely to file for WC. Workers' compensation filing was less frequent among workers in independent work arrangement and who stopped working, changed jobs, or made a change in work and more frequent among workers 45 to 64 years of age and having high LBP frequency.

Conclusions
Our study findings suggest underreporting of work-related LBP to the WC system is common. Barriers to WC filing should be addressed especially for racial/ethnic minorities and independent workers.
Case Report: Improved Choroidal Circulation in a Patient with Unilateral Acute Idiopathic Maculopathy
Authors: Sotozono Akiko , Mizobuchi Kei , Hayashi Takaaki , Shikauchi Mamiko , Nakano Tadashi 
Published: August 2022

SIGNIFICANCE
Unilateral acute idiopathic maculopathy is a rare retinochoroidal disorder, the cause of which is unknown. Multimodal retinal imaging obtained in this case suggests that the cause of unilateral acute idiopathic maculopathy is impaired choroidal circulation.

PURPOSE
This study aimed to report a patient with unilateral acute idiopathic maculopathy who showed improvement of choroidal circulation over time in optical coherence tomography angiography images.

CASE REPORT
A 33-year-old woman with a prodromal flu-like illness noticed a sudden central visual field abnormality in the right eye. Five days after the onset, best-corrected visual acuity was 0.15 in the right eye. Fundus photography showed a yellowish lesion at the macula in the right eye. Optical coherence tomography showed a blurred ellipsoid zone and a thickened retinal pigment epithelium at the fovea and a disrupted/blurred ellipsoid zone and retinal pigment epithelium at the parafovea. Optical coherence tomography angiography segmentation of the choriocapillaris revealed a hypointense region at the fovea with a hyperintense region surrounding it. One week after the onset, best-corrected visual acuity was improved from 0.15 to 2.0 in the right eye. Furthermore, the yellowish macula lesion shrank, and the outer retinal layers showed improvement in optical coherence tomography. Optical coherence tomography angiography showed reduction of the hypointense region and enlargement of the hyperintense region. Approximately 1 year after the onset, the yellowish lesion was faded. Optical coherence tomography revealed an almost normal ellipsoid zone but a thickened interdigitation zone. Optical coherence tomography angiography also revealed an apparent hyperintense instead of the hypointense region and increased choroidal blood flow.

CONCLUSIONS
The current patient showed a gradual recovery of choroidal circulation and outer retinal layer morphology 1 year after the onset of unilateral acute idiopathic maculopathy. Optical coherence tomography angiography findings indicated that the primary cause of unilateral acute idiopathic maculopathy was impaired choroidal circulation, and choroidal vessels improved morphologically over the disease course.
Comparison of Factors Associated with Myopia among Middle School Students in Urban and Rural Regions of Anhui, China
Authors: Peng Wei , Sun Shao Ming , Wang Fei , Sun Yi Ning 
Published: August 2022

SIGNIFICANCE
The prevention and control of myopia have become a major public health task throughout the world. The analysis of the modifiable factors associated with myopia will help in planning concrete strategies that can be widely implemented by schools and families.

PURPOSE
This study assessed the modifiable factors associated with myopia and compared them between rural and urban regions.

METHODS
Data were collected from December 2020 to March 2021. A multistage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 6154 middle school students. All children underwent an eye examination, including visual acuity and cycloplegic refraction. Data on near work, sleep, and outdoor activities were collected in questionnaires.

RESULTS
The myopia prevalence values in urban and rural regions were 68.1 and 63.7%, respectively (χ
2 = 15.57, P < .001). More than 3 hours of homework per day (odds ratio [OR] in urban and rural regions, 1.36 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.07 to 1.75] vs. 1.72 [95% CI, 1.43 to 2.07]), 36 to 40 core subjects per week (OR, 1.30 [95% CI, 1.04 to 1.57] vs. 1.42 [95% CI, 1.24 to 1.64]), and going to sleep before 10 o'clock (OR, 0.56 [95% CI, 0.32 to 0.93] vs. 0.50 [95% CI, 0.28 to 0.90]) were significantly associated with myopia in both regions. In contrast, taking breaks during near work was a significant factor in the rural region (<1 hour: OR, 0.57 [95% CI, 0.42 to 0.76]; 1 to 2 hours: OR, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.46 to 0.86]) but not in the urban region. More time outdoors per day was associated with a reduced prevalence of myopia only for urban children (2 to 3 hours: OR, 0.55 [95% CI, 0.31 to 0.97]; >3 hours: OR, 0.38 [95% CI, 0.19 to 0.75]).

CONCLUSIONS
Homework loads and the time of going to sleep were associated with myopia for children in both urban and rural regions. However, time outdoors was only associated with myopia in urban regions, and taking breaks during near work was only associated with myopia in rural regions.
Decreasing Intubation for Ineffective Ventilation after Birth for Very Low Birth Weight Neonates
Authors: Herrick Heidi M. , Weinberg Danielle D. , James Jennifer , Murray Ashley , Brown-Jackson Loretta , Chaudhary Aasma , Posencheg Michael A. , Foglia Elizabeth E. 
Published: August 2022

Introduction:
Despite recommendations promoting noninvasive delivery room (DR) ventilation, local historical preterm DR noninvasive ventilation rates were low (50%−64%). Project aims were to improve DR noninvasive ventilation rate in very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates (<1500 g) with a focus on decreasing DR intubations for ineffective positive pressure ventilation (PPV).

Methods:
We addressed drivers for improving noninvasive ventilation and decreasing intubations for ineffective PPV through plan-do-study-act cycles. Outcome measures were intubation for ineffective PPV (defined as intubation for heart rate <100 despite ongoing PPV) and final respiratory support in the DR. Our process measure was adherence to division-wide DR-intubation guidelines. Balancing measures were maximum FiO2 and hypothermia. We analyzed data using statistical process control charts and special cause variation rules.

Results:
There were 139 DR intubations among 521 VLBW neonates between January 2015 and February 2020. The noninvasive ventilation rate upon intensive care nursery admission was higher than historically reported at 73% and sustained throughout the project. The intubation rate for ineffective PPV was 10% and did not change. The number of VLBW neonates between intubations for ineffective PPV increased from 6.1 to 8.0. Ten intubations did not comply with guidelines. Balancing measures were unaffected.

Conclusions:
Noninvasive ventilation rates were higher than historically reported and remained high. After plan-do-study-act cycles, the number of VLBW neonates between intubations for ineffective PPV increased without impacting balancing measures. Our data demonstrate that effective ventilation (heart rate > 100) using noninvasive support is possible in up to 90% of VLBW infants but requires ongoing PPV training.