bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new complexity reduction scheme in selective mapping‐based visible light communication direct current‐biased optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems
Authors: Gunturu Chakravarthy , Valluri Sivaprasad 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVisible light communication (VLC) has emerged as a good accompaniment to radio‐frequency (RF) technologies by deploying multicarrier schemes such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). However, the coherent summation of carriers in the OFDM system leads to a high peak‐to‐average‐power ratio (PAPR), causing non‐linear clipping distortion at the transmitting light‐emitting diode. This intricacy becomes a potential barrier for intensity modulation and limits the VLC systems' bandwidth. In the literature, non‐distorting PAPR lowering approaches, such as the selective mapping (SLM) approach, have been confirmed as the most effective strategy for reducing ineludible high PAPR in optical OFDM systems among all other available techniques. Besides its astounding performance, the computational complexity also becomes a major complication in SLM due to the generation of multiple candidates. This paper proposes a computational complexity minimisation approach using inherit system properties in the SLM‐based PAPR suppression method for VLC systems, where the phase sequence vectors are considered periodic. The alternative direct current‐biased optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing candidates for the single frequency‐domain data block are generated with the periodic phase rotation vector. The evaluation of the complexity analysis and the simulation results shows that the mitigation of computational complexity surpasses the standard SLM technique.
A robust sparsity‐based tri‐iterative space‐time adaptive processing method for airborne radar
Authors: Zhang Shuguang , Wang Tong , Xiao Hao , Liu Cheng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo enhance the system performance of airborne radar in a limited‐sample environment, a robust sparsity‐based tri‐iterative space‐time adaptive processing (RSBTI‐STAP) method is proposed here. First, the proposed RSBTI‐STAP method constructs the clutter dictionary matrix by exploiting the a priori knowledge of radar platform. Next, the clutter representation coefficient, array error and weighted vectors are iteratively updated until convergence so as to obtain the estimated values of these three parameters. Finally, combined with the estimated clutter representation coefficient and array error vectors, the STAP weight vector is calculated for the purpose of clutter suppression. The proposed method can be robust to the array amplitude/phase error and can be free of the hyperparameters. Additionally, it does not need the training samples and has the global convergent properties. Numerical experiments based on the simulated data demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed RSBTI‐STAP method.
Surgical treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip in children – A monocentric study about 414 hips
Authors: Tazi Charki Mohammed , Abdellaoui Hicham , Atarraf Karima , Afifi Moulay Abderahman 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: No consensus exists about the open reduction of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH; age of surgery and the need for additional bone surgery). We report clinical and radiological outcomes of a large monocentric study. The objectives are to analyze outcomes and to give recommendations.Materials and methods: This was a retrospective review of 414 hips (301 patients) operated on for DDH between 2010 and 2018. The mean age at the time of surgery was 34.6 months (14–96 months). In all, 72 hips had open reduction (OR) alone, 130 had OR with femoral osteotomy, 37 had OR with pelvic osteotomy, and 175 hips OR was associated with femoral and pelvic osteotomy. The mean follow-up was 6.5 years (3–10 years). Clinical outcomes were evaluated according to Mckay’s classification. The acetabular index was measured, and Severin classification was used for radiological outcomes. Reduction failure and residual dysplasia were noted, and avascular necrosis of femoral head (AVN) was assessed according to Kalamchi and MacEwen classification.Results: At the last follow-up, 331 hips (80.2%) had good clinical results, and 319 (77%) had satisfactory radiological results. The AI measured on the last follow-up radiograph was ≤25° in 350 hips. AVN was noted in 83 hips (20%). Redislocation was founded in 53 hips (12%). Overall: 293 hips (72%) had stable reduction without AVN with good clinical and radiological outcomes.Discussion: Clinical outcomes are better and the risk of AVN decreases significantly when a femoral osteotomy is performed. There were better radiological results when pelvic osteotomy was performed. The rate of residual dysplasia was higher when pelvic osteotomy was not performed. We recommend a femoral shortening osteotomy for high dislocations (Tönnis 3 or 4) for children over 18 months and a pelvic osteotomy for children over 36 months or over 18 months with an acetabular index > 25°.
Correlação do exame físico com achados artroscópicos no tratamento da ruptura do manguito rotador
Authors: França Flávio de Oliveira , Godinho Glaydson Gomes , Freitas José Márcio Alves , Lang Augusto Silveira , Ammar Charles Diogo , Martinelli Fabrício 
Published: June 2022

Resumo
Objetivo Comparar dados clínicos do exame físico com os achados artroscópicos na ruptura do manguito rotador.
Métodos Foram selecionados 177 pacientes submetidos ao tratamento artroscópico de ruptura do manguito rotador e foram comparados os achados artroscópicos com o exame físico.
Resultados Os testes irritativos de impacto apresentaram alta sensibilidade para ruptura do manguito rotador. Dentre os testes de força, o de maior sensibilidade foi o teste de Patte (85,7%) e o de maior valor preditivo positivo (VPP) foi o teste de Jobe (95%). O teste Drop Sign apresentou maior especificidade e valor preditivo negativo (VPN) (98,7 e 95,9%, respectivamente). Pacientes com história de trauma possuíam 3,5 vezes mais chances de apresentarem o teste Lift Off positivo.
Conclusão Os testes irritativos tiveram alta sensibilidade para rupturas do manguito rotador. O teste de Jobe apresentou sensibilidade semelhante entre os pacientes que tinham lesão parcial ou total do supraespinhal. Para as lesões completas do subescapular, as testes Lift Off e Belly Press apresentaram alta sensibilidade e especificidade.
Osteonecrose da cabeça femoral: Artigo de atualização
Authors: Miyahara Helder de Souza , Ranzoni Lucas Verissimo , Ejnisman Leandro , Vicente José Ricardo Negreiros , Croci Alberto Tesconi , Gurgel Henrique Melo de Campos 
Published: June 2022

ResumoEntre as patologias que acometem a articulação coxofemoral, a osteonecrose da cabeça femoral (ONCF) é provavelmente a mais intrigante e desafiadora. Consiste em uma doença multifatorial, com um espectro muito variável em sua apresentação clínica. Tem efeito devastador, devido a quadros dolorosos incapacitantes tanto para atividades habituais quanto esportivas. Dada a gama enorme de fatores de risco, tais como uso prolongado de corticoides (principalmente em casos de doenças reumatológicas), sequelas de trauma, anemia falciforme, HIV, etilismo, tabagismo, discrasias sanguíneas, e várias outras doenças que comprometem a irrigação sanguínea da cabeça femoral, a ONCF tem apresentação clínica e prognósticos bem variados, o que dificulta a determinação de um tratamento específico, especialmente em casos nos quais ainda não houve acometimento condral e a articulação do quadril ainda se mantém preservada, sendo estes os principais fatores encontrados na literatura que determinam as classificações desta patologia. No leque de tratamentos, encontramos diversas opções para os casos em que se tenta salvar a articulação: tratamento conservador, descompressão simples e/ou associada a algum tipo de tratamento adjuvante (enxertia homóloga, enxertia sintética, enxertos vascularizados, parafusos de tântalo, e injeção de aspirado de medula óssea), e, para casos nos quais já há fratura subcondral e/ou colapso da cabeça femoral e/ou diminuição do espaço articular, reserva-se, comumente, a realização de osteotomias femorais ou artroplastia total do quadril.
Comparison of Cervical Stabilization with Transpedicular Pins and Polymethylmethacrylate versus Transvertebral Body Polyaxial Screws with or without an Interbody Distractor in Dogs
Authors: Marinho Paulo V.T. , Ferrigno Cassio R.A. , Costa Ronaldo C. da , Pereira César A.M. , Rego Mário A.F. , Bregadioli Thales , Paes Fernanda 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjective The main aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical properties of caudal cervical vertebral stabilization using bicortical transpedicular pins with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) versus transvertebral body polyaxial screws and connecting rods with or without an interbody distractor.Study Design Ten canine cervical vertebral columns (C2–T3) were used. Four models (intact, transvertebral body polyaxial screw with interbody distractor [polyaxial + distractor], transvertebral body polyaxial screw without interbody distractor [polyaxial − distractor] and bicortical transpedicular pins/polymethylmethacrylate [pin-PMMA]) were applied to C6–7 sequentially on the same specimens. Angular range of motion (AROM) in the form of flexion and extension was measured at C4–5, C5–6 and C6–7 in all groups.Results Treated vertebral specimens had significantly less AROM than unaltered specimens. There was no significant difference in AROM between the experimental groups at C6 and C7. Angular range of motion ratio in flexion–extension was 80.8, 72.7 and 78.3% for polyaxial + distractor, polyaxial − distractor and pin-PMMA groups, respectively, which were less than the intact group. There was no significant increase in the range of motion of the adjacent vertebrae after stabilization.Conclusion Stabilization obtained with transvertebral body polyaxial screws was comparable to that from the well-established bicortical pins/PMMA construct. Association of an intervertebral distractor did not change AROM of the polyaxial screw constructs.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Otosyphilis: A Rare Manifestation of Neurosyphilis
Authors: Chandrasekharan Rajsekar , Kulkarni Chinmay , Pullara Sreekumar Karumathil , Moorthy Srikanth 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe report magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a case with otosyphilis, which is a rare manifestation of neurosyphilis. A 50-year-old male presented with progressive hearing loss on the left side and recent-onset palsy of the left 7th and 12th cranial nerves. Computed tomography imaging showed destructive bone lesions involving the petrous temporal bone, middle ear, and mastoid region with a pathognomonic pattern of bone destruction depicted in the volume rendering technique images. MRI showed features of destructive bone lesions (gummatous lesion), meningoneuritis, and labyrinthitis. Pathological examination and treponemal antibody absorption test favored the diagnosis. Otosyphilis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in an adult patient with destructive lesions of the petrous temporal bone. To the best of our knowledge, MRI in otosyphilis has not been reported.
Basivertebral Nerve Ablation
Authors: Huang Junjian , Delijani Kevin , Jones Jesse , Di Capua John , El Khudari Husamuddin , Gunn Andrew J. , Hirsch Joshua A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLow back pain is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal ailments in the United States. Intraosseous radiofrequency ablation of the basivertebral nerve is an effective and durable therapy for low back pain and can be offered to patients who have chronic low back pain of greater than 6 months of duration, failure to respond to noninvasive therapies for 6 months, with either Modic Type I or Type II changes at L3–S1. This article reviews the anatomy and physiology, patient selection, technique, and evidence regarding basivertebral nerve ablation.
Thermal Protection Strategies and Neuromonitoring during Ablation
Authors: Sag Alan Alper , Husain Aatif M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAdvanced interventional pain management approaches seek to lesion neural targets to achieve desirable analgesia; however, equally important is preservation of motor and sensory function for regional bystander nerves. The topic of neuroprotection is also relevant for thermal ablation of metastatic bone tumors in the vicinity of neural structures. This report aims to provide an IR-directed framework of thermoprotective techniques available during thermal ablation.
Risk Factors for Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Major Adverse Limb Events after Venous Thromboembolism: A Large Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Noumegni Steve Raoul , Didier Romain , Mansourati Vincent , Moigne Emmanuelle Le , Mao Raphael Le , Hoffmann Clément , Moreuil Claire De , Tromeur Cécile , Roux Pierre-Yves Le , Nasr Bahaa , Gentric Jean-Christophe , Guegan Marie , Poulhazan Elise , Lacut Karine , Bressollette Luc , Couturaud Francis 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground There is an increased risk of arterial events including major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and major adverse limb events (MALE) after venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, their risk factors remain little explored.Methods We aimed to determine the risk factors for MACE (acute coronary syndrome/stroke/cardiovascular death) and MALE (limb ischemia/critical limb ischemia/non-traumatic amputation/any limb revascularization) after VTE. Competing risk models (Fine-Gray) were used in a multicenter prospective cohort of 4,940 patients (mean age: 64.6 years and median follow-up: 64 months).Results MACE occurred in 17.3% of participants (2.35% per patient-years) and MALE in 1.7% (0.27% per patient-years). In multivariable analysis, the identified risk factors for MACE were the age of 50 to 65 years (vs. <50 years, hazard ratio [HR]: 2.00, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.38–2.91), age >65 years (vs. <50 years, HR 4.85, 95% CI: 3.35–7.02), pulmonary embolism + deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (vs. isolated-DVT, HR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.02–1.55), unprovoked-VTE (vs. transient risk factor associated-VTE, HR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.04–1.59), current tobacco use (vs. never, HR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.07–1.98), hypertension (HR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.30–1.98), past history of symptomatic atherosclerosis (HR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.17–1.98), heart failure (HR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.21–2.42), atrial fibrillation (HR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.15–2.08), and vena cava filter insertion (HR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.03–2.08). The identified risk factors for MALE were the age of 50–65 years (vs. <50 years, HR: 3.49, 95% CI: 1.26–9.65) and atrial fibrillation (HR: 2.37, 95% CI: 1.15–4.89).Conclusions Risk factors for MACE and MALE after VTE included some traditional cardiovascular risk factors, patient's comorbidities, and some characteristics of VTE.
Risk of Thromboembolic Events in Cancer Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Ma Zhuo , Sun Ximu , Zhang Yi , Li Hao , Sun Dan , An Zhuoling , Zhang Yuhui 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background The association between immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and thromboembolic events (TEEs) remains controversial.
Objective The goal of this study was to assess the risk of major TEEs associated with ICIs.
Methods We explored ICI-related TEEs in randomized controlled trials available in ClinicalTrials.gov and electronic databases up to June 30, 2021. Meta-analysis was performed by using Peto odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results A total of 61 studies were included. Patients treated with ICIs had a similar risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) but a significantly increased risk of arterial thromboembolism (ATE) (Peto OR: 1.58 [95% CI: 1.21–2.06]) compared with non-ICI regimens. Stratified by different regimens, only PD-L1 (programmed cell death ligand 1) inhibitors showed a significant increase in ATE (Peto OR: 2.07 [95% CI: 1.26–3.38]). The incidence of VTE was higher in PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor and CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4) inhibitor combination therapies compared with monotherapies (Peto OR: 2.23 [95% CI: 1.47–3.37]). Stratified by tumor, for pulmonary embolism (PE) and cerebral ATE, the statistically significant results were only seen in lung cancer patients (Peto OR: 1.42 [95% CI: 1.02–1.97]; Peto OR: 2.10 [1.07–4.12]), and for myocardial infarction, the statistically significant result was only seen in other tumor types (Peto OR: 2.66 [95% CI: 1.68–4.20], p < 0.0001).
Conclusion There was no significant increase in the overall risk of VTE in patients treated with ICIs; however, special attention should be given to the risk of VTE in PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor and CTLA-4 inhibitor combination therapy and PE in lung cancer patients. PD-L1 inhibitors were associated with a significant increase in ATE.
Primary Amenorrhea and Differences of Sex Development
Authors: Naroji Swetha , Gomez-Lobo Veronica , Finlayson Courtney 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPrimary amenorrhea may be a feature or a presenting sign of a difference of sex development, most often due to a congenital anatomic difference or hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. History and physical exam are very important, including whether any variation in external genitalia was present at birth as well as a careful review of pubertal development. Further evaluation includes hormone measurement, imaging, and genetic evaluation. Those with a disorder of sexual development diagnosis should receive care through a multidisciplinary team with psychosocial support.
Storytalk and complex constructions of nonhuman agency
Authors: Toivonen Heidi , Caracciolo Marco 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRecent work in environmental philosophy has uncoupled the notion of agency from the human domain, arguing that the efficacy of nonhuman entities and processes can also be construed as a form of “agency.” In this paper, we study discursive constructions of nonhuman agency as they appear in a set of interviews revolving around fictional narratives. The participants were asked to read microfiction engaging with the nonhuman perspectives of entities such as a melting glacier or an endangered tree species. The analysis of the interviews centers on “complex” attributions of nonhuman agency – that is, attributions that involve a combination of agencies attributed to the nonhuman. We show that these complex attributions emerge more frequently in discussing the story (what we call the “storytalk”) than elsewhere in the interviews. We also explore the way in which such complex constructions of nonhuman agency challenge widespread assumptions about the natural world.
Fractality in cosmic topology models with spectral action gravity
Authors: Guicardi Pedro , Marcolli Matilde 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We consider cosmological models based on the spectral action formulation of (modified) gravity. We analyze the coupled effects, in this model, of the presence of nontrivial cosmic topology and of fractality in the large scale structure of spacetime. We show that the topology constrains the possible fractal structures, and in turn the correction terms to the spectral action due to fractality distinguish the various cosmic topology candidates, with effects detectable in a slow-roll inflation scenario, through the power spectra of the scalar and tensor fluctuations. We also discuss explicit effects of the presence of fractal structures on the gravitational waves equations.
Quasinormal modes of NUT-charged black branes in the AdS/CFT correspondence
Authors: Cano Pablo A , Pereñiguez David 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We study the scalar, electromagnetic and gravitational perturbations of planar AdS4 black holes with NUT charge. In the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence, these solutions describe a thermal quantum field theory embedded in a Gödel-type Universe with closed time-like curves. For a given temperature and NUT charge, two different planar Taub–NUT solutions exist, but we show that only the one with a positive specific heat contributes to the Euclidean saddle point in the path integral. By using the Newman–Penrose formalism, we then derive the master equations satisfied by scalar, electromagnetic and gravitational perturbations in this background, and show that the corresponding equations are separable. Interestingly, the solutions pile up in the form of Landau levels, and hence are characterized by a single quantum number q. We determine the appropriate boundary conditions satisfied by the master variables and using these we compute the quasinormal modes of scalar and gravitational perturbations. On the other hand, electromagnetic perturbations depend on a free parameter whose determination is problematic. We find that all the scalar and gravitational QNM frequencies lie in the lower half of the complex plane, indicating that these Taub–NUT spacetimes are stable. We discuss the implications of these results in the light of the AdS/CFT correspondence.
Continual learning fault diagnosis method based on grid-based artificial immune system
Authors: Sun Xin , Wang Haotian , Liu Shulin , Xiao Haihua , Wang Lu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In recent years, continual learning for class increments has attracted a great deal of attention. The ontinual-learning classification method (CLCM based on an artificial immune system (AIS) can identify unknown faults during testing. However, the CLCM still has the problem of excessive runtime consumption. Therefore, it is crucial to improve the efficiency of the immune algorithm and take advantage of its continual learning mechanism in the field of fault diagnosis. In this paper, a continual learning fault diagnosis method based on sparse grid and the AIS, which called sparse grid classification method (SGCM), is proposed, which is inspired by grid-based techniques and the CLCM based on an AIS. Firstly, a new cell generation strategy is proposed to reduce the time complexity and improve the diagnosis efficiency; therefore, the problem of dimension explosion is avoided. In addition, the memory cell coding capabilities of the SGCM increases the utilization rate of cells so as to simplify the calculation of affinity. At the same time, the conceived cell backtracking strategy enhances the continual learning ability of the algorithm so that new fault types can be quickly identified through the existing learning results. Ultimately, the model adaptive adjustment method inspired by a single-layer feed-forward neural network improves the generalization power and the accuracy of classification. We conduct experiments on well-known datasets from the UCI repository to assess the performance of the SGCM. To evaluate the fault diagnosis performance of the SGCM, experiments on a reciprocating compressor experimental dataset and the XJTU-SY rolling element bearing dataset were performed. The results show that theSGCM is a fast fault diagnosis method with low time complexity and continual learning ability.