bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Label-Free Proteome Profiling for Lymphatic Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Baolin , Li Jiayang , Jiang Yan , Luo Chengmin , Bao Yuxiang , Li Taolang , Cheng Xiaoming , Lv Junyuan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
As the most common malignant tumor, the incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has been significantly increased over the past few years. Approximately 30%-90% of patients with PTC present with cervical lymph node metastasis (LNM) at the time of initial diagnosis or follow-up, which has a serious impact on survival and prognosis. Six PTC N0 samples and six PTC N1b samples were collected. Proteins from the samples were analyzed by label-free quantitative proteomics. The bioinformatics of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) was annotated with bioinformatic tools. The protein expression levels of the hub genes were verified using the HPA databases. Finally, we used the GEPIA database to perform survival analysis for the hub genes. A total of 1407 proteins were quantified under highly stringent criteria with fold change ≥ 2.0 and P < 0.05, and 95 DEPs were significantly changed between groups. Identified from the Cytoscape, the top 10 hub genes included FN1、CFL1、LGALS3、ANXA1、TIMP1、TPI1、MAPK1、HSPA9、ACTR2 and S100A11. We determined the hub genes expression in thyroid normal and cancer tissues using the HPA database. The expression of FN1 and ANXA1were closely related to disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) prognosis in PTC patients based on GEPIA database. These results revealed the pathways and mechanisms of LNM in PTC, thus providing a new perspective for the study of PTC with LNM. Together, these hub genes may have some clinical value in diagnosing PTC patients with LNM.
Online Selection of a Physician by Patients: The Impression Formation Perspective
Authors: Huang Zhengwei , Duan Chen , Yang Yanni 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: With the rapid development of online healthcare communities, an increasing number of physicians provide services in the online healthcare communities that enable patients to consult online. However, it is difficult for patients to determine the professional level of doctors before consultation and diagnosis because of information asymmetry. A wealth of information about physicians is displayed in their profile as a new means to help patients evaluate and select quickly and accurately. Objective: This research explores how the profile information presented in the online healthcare communities affects patients' impression formation, especially the perception of professional capital (i.e., status capital and decisional capital). The impression further affects their consultation intention, partially mediated by the initial trust. Toulmin’s model of argumentation is used to understand the strength of the argument presented in physicians’ homepage information and divide it into claim, data, and backing. Methods: This study conducts an internet experiment and recruits 386 subjects on the internet to explore the effect of impression formation on online selection behavior by a patient. Results: The results show that the strength of argument has a significant positive association with the perception of professional capital. Perceptions of professional capital are highest when a fully composed argument (claim/data/backing) is included in a profile, with claim/data being the next highest and claim only the lowest. Recommendations from connections have the strongest impact. The professional capital perception, in turn, influences patients’ selection decisions, which is partially mediated by initial trust.Conclusions: This study is of great significance to the implication for theory and practice. On the one hand, this research contributes to the online health community literature and suggests that the perception of professional capital on physicians be pre-presumed and built on the basis of the information before in-person interactive online. On the other hand, this study is helpful to understand the effect of various components included in the profile information on perceiving physicians’ ability, and not all information is of the same importance.
A Novel RAC2 Mutation Causing Combined Immunodeficiency
Authors: Zhang Liang , Lv Ge , Peng Yu , Yang Lu , Chen Junjie , An Yunfei , Zhang Zhiyong , Tang Xuemei , Li Zhihui , Zhao Xiaodong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 (RAC2) acts as a molecular switch and has crucial roles in cell signaling and actin dynamics. A broad spectrum of genetic RAC2 mutations can cause various types of primary immunodeficiency, with complete penetrance. Here, we report a novel heterozygous missense mutation in RAC2 and the associated phenotypes in a Chinese family.
Methods
Immunological phenotype was detected by flow cytometry. T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) and K-deleting recombination excision circles (KRECs) were assessed by real-time quantitative PCR. Gene mutations were detected by whole-exome sequencing (WES) and confirmed by Sanger sequencing.
Results
The proband was an 11-year-old girl who presented with recurrent respiratory infections, bronchiectasis, persistent Epstein-Barr virus viremia, infectious mononucleosis, encephalitis, and cutaneous human papillomavirus infections. Laboratory analyses revealed increased serum IgG and decreased IgM levels, reduced naïve CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, an inverted CD4+/CD8+ ratio, and low TREC and KREC numbers. WES identified a c.44G > A mutation in RAC2 resulting in a p.G15D substitution. The proband’s father suffered with recurrent respiratory infections and bronchiectasis, while her sister was apparently healthy, other than cutaneous human papillomavirus infections, despite both sharing the same mutation as the proband.
Conclusions
Our findings broaden the clinical and genetic spectra of RAC2 mutations and underline the importance of RAC2 gain-of-function mutations with complete or incomplete penetrance.
Natural Selection Under Conventional and Organic Cropping Systems Affect Root Architecture in Spring Barley
Authors: Siddiqui Md. Nurealam , Schneider Michael , Barbosa Marissa B. , Léon Jens , Ballvora Agim 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A beneficial root system is crucial for efficient nutrient uptake and stress tolerance. Therefore, it is critically important to evaluate the root system variation for breeding crop plants towards stress adaptation. We phenotyped root architectural traits of naturally adapted populations from organic and conventional cropping systems under hydroponic and field trails. Long-term natural selection under these two cropping systems resulted a microevolution in root morphological and anatomical traits. Barley lines developed under organic system possessed longer roots with narrow root angle, larger surface area, increased root mass density, and a thinner root diameter with an increased number of metaxylem vessels. In contrast, lines adapted to the conventional system tend to have a shorter and wider root system which possess a larger root volume with thicker diameter, but has fewer metaxylem vessels. Allometry analysis established a relationship between root traits and plant size among barley genotypes, which specify that root angle could be a good candidate among studied root traits to determine root-borne shoot architecture. Further, multivariate analyses showed a strong tendency towards an increased variability of the root morphological and anatomical traits in the organically adapted population. Our data indicates a significant differences in root phenotypes between conventional and organic populations, which could be useful in comparative genomics and breeding.
The Role Of Mindfulness In Quality Of Life Of Persons With Spinal Cord Injury: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bhattarai Muna , Smedema Susan , Hoyt William , Bishop Malachy 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background. Quality of life is considered the most overarching psychosocial adaptation outcome following the rehabilitation of people with spinal cord injury. Literature suggests that the quality of life of persons with spinal cord injury is determined by many personal and psychological factors. This study aimed to identify the direct and indirect effect of mindfulness on the quality of life of persons living with spinal cord injury. Methods. Participants consisted of 231 members of three spinal cord injury organizations in the United States: United Spinal Association, North American Spinal Cord Injury Consortium, and Paralyzed Veterans of America-Wisconsin Chapter. The participants completed a set of standardized self-report questionnaires in an online Qualtrics survey. A hierarchical regression analysis was performed to identify the contribution of mindfulness to quality of life, controlling for sociodemographic and injury-related factors. A serial mediation analysis was performed to examine the indirect effect of mindfulness on quality of life. Results. In the hierarchical regression analysis, sociodemographic and injury-related factors (i.e., age, gender, race, marital status, education, employment, level and completeness of injury, comorbidities, frequency of hospitalization, pain intensity, and functional limitation) and mindfulness explained 59% variance on quality of life of the participants with spinal cord injury. Mindfulness uniquely contributed to the higher quality of life above and beyond sociodemographic and injury-related variables. In the serial mediation analysis, pain and functional limitation did not significantly mediate the relationship between mindfulness and quality of life. However, the indirect effects of mindfulness on functional limitation and quality of life through pain were significant. Conclusion. The findings underscore the vital role of mindfulness in improving the quality of life of persons with spinal cord injury. Implications of these findings for future research and clinical practice are discussed.
Adapting A Dental Anxiety Measure To Consider Previous Dental Trauma And Provide Higher Quality Care
Authors: Tajirian Margaret , Juarez Benjamin , Martinez Tomas 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to improve upon the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) by developing the empathy-based International-Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (I-MDAS). This measure was produced and utilized to compare the dental experiences and anxiety levels of international patients versus national patients in the United States. Methods: The I-MDAS is composed of the International scale and the original MDAS scale. Of 465 participants, 41.3% comprised the national population and 58.7% comprised the international population. Information about demographics, past negative dental experiences, and current dental anxiety was collected. Results: There was no significant difference in dental anxiety levels between the international and national populations. The new measure shows evidence of validity and reliability. There was a significant and positive relationship between the International scale items and the MDAS scale items, indicating the criterion validity of the I-MDAS. In comparison to the MDAS, content validity was also strengthened by expanding the inquired topics in the new measure. The Cronbach’s alpha values show that the I-MDAS is reliable for clinical applications. Further, there was a significant difference in I-MDAS scores for women compared to men and nonbinary groups.Conclusions: The I-MDAS improves upon the MDAS by providing dentists with a tool for encouraging empathy. Dental clinicians across nations can use the I-MDAS to provide more personalized dental care. Trial registration: Not applicable
Prevalence of Hospital Acquired Infection and Associated Factors Among Patients Admitted, at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Getachew Melakie 1, Embialle Mengistie2, Tesfaye Ashenafi3, Busera Seman4 1′ 2’3 Hawassa University Dep
Authors: Melakie Getachew , Mengistie Embialle , Ashenafi Tesfaye , Seman Busera 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Hospital acquired infection (HAI) is an infection acquired a major global concern of wellbeing, affecting the quality of care in the health care setting. Routine surveillance of infection is an important part of infection prevention (IP) and quality assurance in hospitals. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of HAI at inpatients, in Hawassa university comprehensive specialized hospital (HUCSH). Method and materials: A weekly based cross-sectional study was conducted at inpatients in HUCSH. All eligible inpatients admitted for at least three days on the day of survey were included. The study was conducted from June 28/2021 to August 23/2021. Environmental health professionals and nurses collected the data according to the Centers for Disease Control through observational assessment documented by physician. Coded and cleaned data from Epi-data version 3.5 were transferred to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine the prevalence of HAIs and associations between independent and dependent variables. . Results: A total of 413 patients were included in this survey, the median age of the participants was 26 years (interquartile range:3 month to 80 years). A total of 352 (85.2%) patients diagnosed with non-fatal disease during the survey. There were 49 patients with HAI, with a mean prevalence of 11.9 %. Coagulate negative staphylococcus (CONS) 27.27%), and E. coli (27.27) were the most frequently reported HAI-causing pathogens from the result of culture. The association of patients admission diagnosis (admit with rapidly fatal disease and ultimately fatal disease), length of hospital stay (more than five days of hospital stay) and absence of running tap water at patients room with the occurrence of HAI were statistically significant. Conclusion: Surgical site infections (SSI) and blood stream infection (BSI) were the most common types of HAIs. The proportion of HAIs among wards, indicated a large variability. Therefore, Hospital management and health care workers (HCWs) should give more attention on the practice of infection prevention (IP) in order to achieve a reduced prevalence of HAIs in the study setting.
The dual neural influences of oxytocin administration in autistic youth: Socially-specific versus non-specific changes to brain activity during early stages of perception
Authors: Korisky Adi , Goldstein Abraham , Gordon Ilanit 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Recent discoveries have highlighted the effects of oxytocin (OT) on social behavior and perception among autistic individuals. However, a gap persists in the literature regarding the potential effects of OT and the neural temporal dynamics due to OT administration. We explored the effect of OT on autistic individuals using magnetoencephalography (MEG), focusing on M100, M170, and M250, social perception-related components that tend to show atypical patterns in autistic individuals. Twenty-five autistic adolescents participated in this randomized, double-blind MEG study. Autistic individuals arrived at the lab twice and received an acute dose of intranasal OT or placebo in each session. During the scans, participants were asked to identify pictures of social and non-social stimuli. Additionally, 23 typically developing (TD) adolescents performed the same task in the MEG as a benchmark that allowed us to better charachterize neural regions-of-interest and behavioral results for this age-group in this task. A source-model beamformer analysis revealed that OT enhanced neural activity for social stimuli in frontal regions during M170. Additionally, in each of the preselected time windows, OT increased activation in the left hemisphere, regardless of the content of the presented stimuli. We suggest that OT increased the processing of social stimuli through two separate mechanisms. First, OT increased neural activity in a nonspecific manner, allowing increased allocation of attention toward the stimuli. Second, OT enhanced M170 activity in frontal regions only in response to social stimuli. These results reveal the temporal dynamics of the effects of OT on early stages of social and non-social perception in autistic adolescents.
Integrating Variant Functional Annotation Scores Have Varied Abilities To Improve Power Of Genome-Wide Association Studies
Authors: Gao Jianhui , Espin-Garcia Osvaldo , Paterson Andrew D. , Sun Lei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Functional annotations have the potential to increase power of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) by prioritizing variants according to their biological function, but this potential has not been well studied. We comprehensively evaluated all 1,132 traits in the UK Biobank whose SNP-heritability estimates were given "medium" or "high" labels by Neale’s lab. For each trait, we integrated GWAS summary statistics of close to 8 million common variants (minor allele frequency > 1%) with either their 75 individual functional scores or their meta-scores, using three different data-integration methods. Overall, the number of new genome-wide significant findings after data-integration increases as a trait SNP-heritability estimate increases. However, there is a trade-off between new findings and loss of baseline GWAS findings, resulting in similar total numbers of significant findings between using GWAS alone and integrating GWAS with functional scores, across all 1,132 traits analyzed and all three data-integration methods considered. Our findings suggest that, even with the current biobank-level sample size, more informative functional scores and/or new data-integration methods are needed to further improve power of GWAS of common variants.
Mapping the flat glass value-chain: A material flow analysis and energy balance of UK production
Authors: Hartwell Rebecca , Coult Graham , Overend Mauro 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Glass is one of the UK’s eight energy-intensive industries. As such, it is under scrutiny to decouple growth in production from greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The energy input associated with glass production can be reduced by using recycled glass (cullet) in new glass production, which enables lower furnace operating temperatures and reduces demand for primary raw materials. However, efficient systems for flat glass collection are yet to be established in the UK, resulting in a limited supply of cullet available for the flat glass markets and missed environmental opportunities. This study identifies the existing supply-chain inefficiencies of the UK glass industry in three stages. Firstly, the mass flows of materials within the three main glass sectors: container glass, flat glass and glass wool, are mapped from natural resource through to primary application and subsequent endof-life management based on a reference year of annual production figures. The map is presented in the form of a Sankey diagram which draws attention to several opportunities for increasing resource efficiency; namely in the stark contrast in glass collection rates between the flat and container glass industry. Using the collected data on the annual mass flows of materials in the UK flat glass sub-sector, the energy (MJ) and GHG emission (CO2-eq) saving potential of enhanced end-of-life collection methods are assessed, based on three alternative recovery scenarios. These scenarios consider the use of alternative distributions of recovered flat glass cullet in the three primary glass sub-sectors. The emission savings resulting from each recovery scenario is evaluated, based on the estimated tonnage yield of finished flat glass products. It is shown that together with improved manufacturing yield, the reutilization of end-of-life flat glass as cullet in new production could reduce the annual emissions of the UK flat glass value-chain by up to 18%. Finally we review the existing barriers to recycling different glass types based on acceptability criteria and available take-back infrastructure, and thus find that the advancement of improved recycling rates will rely on establishment of the business opportunity and/or supporting policy for efficient systems of flat glass collection.
Primary Healthcare meta-evaluation in Brazil: Lessons learned from the external assessment of the program to improve primary healthcare access and quality.
Authors: Barca Danila Augusta Accioly Varella , Rocha Paulo de Medeiros da , Martiniano Cláudia Santos , Melo Lygia Maria de Figueiredo , de Souza Marize Barros , Rocha Nadja de Sá Pinto Dantas , Junior Osvaldo de Góes Bay , Pinheiro Themis Xavier de Albuquerque , Coelho Ardigleusa Alves , Uchôa Severina Alice da Costa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction: The Primary Healthcare Access and Quality Improvement Program (PMAQ-AB) implemented in 3 evaluation cycles (2011-2019) represents a turning point in the performance assessment of Primary Healthcare (PHC) in Brazil.Methods: A cumulative meta-evaluation of the PMAQ-AB External Assessment (Avaliação Externa do PMAQ-AB - AE/PMAQ-AB) using the qualitative Case Study method. The matrix of indicators was prepared based on the 4 principles of the Joint Committee on Standards for Educational Evaluations (utility, feasibility, propriety and accuracy) articulated to each of the 6 stages of the evaluation proposed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Triangulation of collection methods (document analysis, interview and focus group) and participants (managers, professionals and evaluators) and Bardin’s content analysis were implemented.Results: The “Involvement of Stakeholders” presented agreement in the instances of the Unified Health System, expanding adhesion of the municipalities in the cycles, credibility of the evaluator and conciliation by the federal government in the interests of certification of the municipalities and of research by the universities as strengths; while the absence of users in the decision-making processes of formulating and executing the program as a weakness. The “Program Description” was positive in the consistency of the AE/PMAQ-AB with the National Primary Care Policy/2011. The “Assessment Design” portrayed the Brazilian PHC and construction of comparable standards and certification criteria. The use of information technology, logistics and guidelines for training the interviewers gave the collection homogeneity, pointing to the usefulness and feasibility. The “Systematization and Analysis of Evidence” had the online validation systems, offer of micro data, availability of electronic reports to stakeholders as strengths, but there were weaknesses in the methodology transmission to municipal managers, incipient strategies of technical empowerment for interpreting and applying the results, in turn negatively impacting the “Justification of Conclusions” dimension. The utility of AE/PMAQ-AB prevailed in “Sharing Lessons Learned” for an assessment culture in management, services, and academia. Conclusion: The meta-evaluation presents a systemic view of the AE/PMAQ-AB, helping managers and professionals in the PHC assessment process. It raises awareness of user engagement in policy and program assessments, making them more plural, participatory and democratic.