bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a prediction model for radiotherapy response among patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma based on the tumor immune microenvironment and hypoxia signature
Authors: Zhu Guang‐Li , Yang Kai‐Bin , Xu Cheng , Feng Rui‐Jia , Li Wen‐Fei , Ma Jun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe immune system and hypoxia are major factors influencing radiosensitivity in patients with different cancer types. This study aimed at developing a model to predict radiotherapy response in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) based on the tumor immune microenvironment and hypoxia signature.Materials and MethodsWe first evaluated the hypoxia status and tumor immune microenvironment in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort by using transcriptomic data. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the “high immunity and low hypoxia” and “low immunity and high hypoxia” groups and those DEGs significantly associated with disease‐specific survival in the univariate Cox regression analysis were selected as the prognostic DEGs. We selected the immune hypoxia–related genes (IHRGs) by intersecting prognostic DEGs with immune and hypoxia gene sets. We used the IHRGs to train a multivariate Cox regression model in the TCGA cohort, based on which we calculated the IHRG prognostic index (IHRGPI) for each patient and validated its efficacy in predicting radiotherapy response in the Gene Expression Omnibus cohorts. Furthermore, we explored potential mechanisms and effective combinational treatment strategies for different IHRGPI groups.ResultsFive IHRGs were used to construct the IHRGPI, which was used to dichotomize the cohorts. The patients with lower IHRGPI showed a better radiotherapy response across different cohorts and endpoints, including overall survival, progression‐free survival, and recurrence‐free survival (p < 0.05). Patients with higher IHRGPI showed greater hypoxia and lesser immune cell infiltration. A lower IHRGPI indicated a better immunotherapy response, while a higher IHRGPI indicated a better chemotherapy response.ConclusionsIHRGPI is promising for predicting radiotherapy response and guiding combinational treatment strategies in patients with HNSCC.
The first report of 2:1 atrioventricular block following COVID‐19 vaccination
Authors: Mehrabi Nasab Entezar , Athari Seyyed Shamsadin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA 65‐year‐old man became ill a few days after being vaccinated against the COVID‐19 by the Sinopharm vaccine. Laboratory investigations, trans‐thoracic echocardiography, and chest computed tomography scanning (CT‐scan) retrieved normal results. The patient's electrocardiogram showed sinus rhythms with 2:1 AV‐block and a narrow QRS complex. Coronary angiography showed mild coronary artery disease.
False aneurysm in a Charcot foot: A case report
Authors: Ben Fredj Aymen , Farhat Fourat , Rbai Hedi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCharcot foot or neurogenic osteoarthropathy is a serious complication of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The association between false aneurysm and Charcot foot is yet uncommon and has not been reported through the literature. We describe a case of false aneurysm in a Charcot foot in a 55‐year‐old female patient.
Effect of a class‐level intervention on career indecision variables
Authors: Schams Samantha , Fouad Nadya A. , Burrows Stephanie G. , Ricondo Kristen , Song Yixing 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis research examines the effects of a class‐level intervention for career indecision variables. A repeated measures intervention study was used to examine the efficacy of a 16‐week career exploration course on decreasing career indecision variables. Results showed significant improvement in lack of readiness, choice/commitment anxiety, and neuroticism/negative affectivity. Interpersonal conflicts remained stable. Overall, we found the class‐level intervention had a significant effect on decreasing college students’ career indecision.
Chemical Measurement and Analysis: from Phenomenon to Essence
Authors: Zhao Wei , Xu Jing‐Juan 
Published: May 2022

Comprehensive SummaryThe review summaries our achievements in optical, electrochemical, as well as mass spectrometry analysis and imaging with high sensitivity, specificity, and spatiotemporal resolution. We promoted the plasmonic imaging system, and developed ultra‐sensitive plasmonic nanoprobes for the tracking of single molecules in single living cells, as well as plasmonic nanocatalysts for highly efficient energy conversion. In addition, we contributed a lot in electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) analysis and imaging. Pioneering works including localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) enhanced ECL, ECL ratiometric detection, BPE based ECL system, multi‐color ECL sensing as well as super‐resolved ECL imaging have been initiated by our group. Furthermore, we also dedicated in nanopipette based electrochemical analysis in single living cells, as well as ESI‐MS analysis on short time scale. The research works of our group promoted the development of chemical measurement and analysis.
What is the most favorite and original chemistry developed in your research group?LSPR enhanced ECL and Bipolar electrochemistry analysis, single particle based single cell analysis and super‐resolved imaging.What is the most important personality for scientific research?Strong curiosity, perseverance, strong hands‐on ability.How do you supervise your students?Encourage students to read more, think more, discuss more, and try more.How do you keep balance between research and family?Allocating time reasonably.Who influences you mostly in your life?My PhD director, Prof. Hong‐Yuan Chen.What are your hobbies?I used to like to play badminton, now I'm learning to play table tennis.
A One‐Pot Strategy for the Synthesis of β‐Substituted Rhoda‐ and Irida‐Carbolong Complexes
Authors: Xu Binbin , Mao Wei , Wu Chengcheng , Li Jinhua , Lu Zhengyu , Luo Ming , Liu Liu Leo , Mao Lingling , Chen Dafa , Xia Haiping 
Published: May 2022

Comprehensive SummaryStarting from an organic multiyne, three steps are normally needed for the preparation of non‐β‐phosphonium functionalized rhoda‐ and irida‐carbolong complexes. Herein, a one‐pot strategy, by mixing a multiyne, a nucleophile, and RhCl(CO)(PPh3)2/AgBF4 or [Ir(CH3CN)(CO)(PPh3)2]BF4, was developed to achieve a series of β‐functionalized rhoda‐ and irida‐carbolong complexes. The β‐substituents in these complexes can be various C‐, N‐ and O‐centered groups, dependent on the nucleophiles used. This strategy provides a new convenient route to construct carbolong complexes, which is important for the further development of carbolong chemistry.
The Impact of Activity‐Based Protein Profiling in Malaria Drug Discovery
Authors: Carvalho Luís A. R. , Bernardes Gonçalo J. L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractActivity‐based protein profiling (ABPP) is an approach used at the interface of chemical biology and proteomics that uses small molecular probes to provide dynamic fingerprints of enzymatic activity in complex proteomes. Malaria is a disease caused by Plasmodium parasites with a significant death burden and for which new therapies are actively being sought. Here, we compile the main achievements from ABPP studies in malaria and highlight the probes used and the different downstream platforms for data analysis. ABPP has excelled at studying Plasmodium cysteine proteases and serine hydrolase families, the targeting of the proteasome and metabolic pathways, and in the deconvolution of targets and mechanisms of known antimalarials. Despite the major impact in the field, many antimalarials and enzymatic families in Plasmodium remain to be studied, which suggests ABPP will be an evergreen technique in the field.
Excited State and Reactive Oxygen Species against Cancer and Pathogens: A Review on Sonodynamic and Sono‐Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Wysocki Marcin , Czarczynska‐Goslinska Beata , Ziental Daniel , Michalak Maciej , Güzel Emre , Sobotta Lukasz 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPhotodynamic and sonodynamic therapy are therapies having great potential in the treatment of bacterial infections and cancer. Their background is associated with photo‐ and sonosensitizers ‐ substances that can be excited when exposed to light or ultrasound. These sensitizers belong to a various groups of compound, including porphyrins, porphyrazines, and phthalocyanines. Releasing the energy when returning to the ground state can occur in the manner of transferring it to oxygen molecules, leading to reactive oxygen species able to disrupt membranes of bacterial and cancer cells, leaving the organism's cells unaffected. In recent years, the number of reports on numerous sensitizers being effective has been constantly growing. Therefore, the development of this field may prove beneficial for dealing with cancer and microbes. This review describes the development of photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy, as well as their combination, with emphasis on sonodynamic therapy and its potential in the treatment of cancer and bacterial infections.
Capturing hybrid vigor for lentil breeding
Authors: Tan Jiafu , Wu Limin , Peacock Jim , Dennis Elizabeth S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractConventional breeding has produced low levels of yield increase in lentils (Lens culinaris ssp. culinaris Medik.) in recent decades. As hybrids have led to large increases in yield in other crops, we examined the possibility of using hybrids in lentils. In 52 hybrids between Australian commercial cultivars and lines from a global collection of cultivated and wild accessions, we found 15 of the hybrids had seed yield hybrid vigor, with better parent heterosis (BPH) gains ranging from 10.4 to 125%. Flowering time, seed size, cotyledon color, and branch number were important but not critical for the level of hybrid vigor in seed yield. Plant height at 28 days post sowing (dps) could be an indicator of seed yield vigor of hybrids grown in glasshouse conditions. In the absence of male sterile lines in lentils, we used high‐yielding hybrid combinations in a program of repeated selfing and selection to produce stable, high‐yielding lines (Hybrid Mimics) with grain yields similar to the F1 hybrids, avoiding the limitation of the hybrid advantage to the F1 generation. Seed yield increased in successive generations (F3–F5); yields of the F4 plants were close to that of the F1 hybrid. Our results indicate that there is potential for hybrid seed yield vigor in lentil to be accessed through hybrid mimic selection. This is a breeding method not dependent on male sterility that can be initiated with a low number of hand‐pollinated hybrids. Hybrid mimic breeding may be applicable to a wide range of crops.
Transforming small and medium‐sized enterprises to address the climate emergency: The case for values‐based engagement
Authors: Hampton Sam , Blundel Richard , Wahga Aqueel , Fawcett Tina , Shaw Christopher 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCollectively, small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) make a significant contribution to carbon emissions. Transformative changes are needed to achieve Net Zero amongst the SME community, presenting policymakers and practitioners with a complex and largely unresolved set of challenges. In this paper, we investigate the unexploited potential of human values in facilitating these changes, with a particular focus on the role and experiences of specialist intermediaries, such as business advisors, as agents of change. The paper reports on four linked, transdisciplinary research projects, which tested and validated a values‐based intervention in collaboration with businesses and advisors, designed to promote more effective, long‐term journeys towards Net Zero. Our study connects research evidence on SME support with key insights from values literature, including the emerging concepts of values practices and values work. We discuss outcomes from the four projects, and the broader implications for research, policy, and practice.
Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon as a Highly Active Metal‐Free Catalyst for the Selective Oxidative Dehydrogenation of N‐Heterocycles
Authors: Li Xun , Yuan Ziliang , Liu Yi , Yang Hanmin , Nie Jiabao , Wang Guanghui , Liu Bing 
Published: May 2022

AbstractN‐heteroarenes represents one of the most important chemicals in pharmaceuticals and other bio‐active molecules, which can be easily accessed from the oxidation of N‐heterocycles over metal catalysts. Herein, the metal‐free oxidative dehydrogenation of N‐heterocycles into N‐heteroarenes was developed using molecular oxygen as the terminal oxidant. The nitrogen‐doped carbon materials were facilely prepared via the simple pyrolysis process using biomass (carboxymethyl cellulose sodium) and dicyandiamide as the carbon and nitrogen source, respectively, and they were discovered to be robust for the oxidative dehydrogenation of N‐heterocycles into N‐heteroarenes under mild conditions (80 °C under 1 bar O2) with water as the green solvent. Diverse N‐heterocycles including 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinolines, indolines and 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroquinoxalines were smoothly converted into N‐heteroarenes with high to excellent yields (76–>99 %). Superoxide radical (⋅O2−) and hydroxyl radical (⋅OH) were probed as the reactive oxygen species for the oxidation of N‐heterocycles into N‐heteroarenes. More importantly, the nitrogen‐doped carbon catalyst can be reused with a high stability. The method provides an environmentally friendly and economical route to access important N‐hetero‐aromatic commodities.
A low jitter and fast locking all digital phase locked loop with flash based time to digital converter and gain calibrated voltage controlled oscillator
Authors: Sahani Jagdeep Kaur , Singh Anil , Agarwal Alpana 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA dual‐loop ADPLL architecture with 3‐bit flash TDC and background calibration‐based VCO is presented in this paper. The major aim of this work is to achieve the low jitter, low power, fast locking, and PVT‐insensitive ADPLL using simple flash TDC and gain calibrated VCO. A simple flash‐based 3‐bit TDC in the main loop is used which helps in achieving the fast locking with lower power consumption in ADPLL. The novel low phase noise VCO, with gain calibration in another loop, is used to fasten the locking process and jitter reduction due to any PVT variations. Therefore, both flash TDC and dual loop in the proposed ADPLL architecture help in achieving the fast locking. Proposed ADPLL is designed in SCL 180 nm CMOS technology at 1.8 V. The resolution of 3‐bit flash TDC is 3 ps. The achieved jitter of ADPLL is 1.83 ps with a phase noise of −153 dBc/Hz and locking time of 1.7 μs. Total power consumption is 5.3 mW at a frequency of 1.6 GHz.
Associations between abundances of free‐roaming gamebirds and common buzzards Buteo buteo are not driven by consumption of gamebirds in the buzzard breeding season
Authors: Swan George J. F. , Bearhop Stuart , Redpath Stephen M. , Silk Matthew J. , Padfield Daniel , Goodwin Cecily E. D. , McDonald Robbie A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractReleasing gamebirds in large numbers for sport shooting may directly or indirectly influence the abundance, distribution and population dynamics of native wildlife. The abundances of generalist predators have been positively associated with the abundance of gamebirds. These relationships have implications for prey populations, with the potential for indirect impacts of gamebird releases on wider biodiversity. To understand the basis of these associations, we investigated variation in territory size, prey provisioning to chicks, and breeding success of common buzzards Buteo buteo, and associations with variation in the abundances of free‐roaming gamebirds, primarily pheasants Phasianus colchicus, and of rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus and field voles Microtus agrestis, as important prey for buzzards. The relative abundance of gamebirds, but not those of rabbits or voles, was weakly but positively correlated with our index of buzzard territory size. Gamebirds were rarely brought to the nest. Rabbits and voles, and not gamebirds, were provisioned to chicks in proportion to their relative abundance. The number of buzzard chicks increased with provisioning rates of rabbits, in terms of both provisioning frequency and biomass, but not with provisioning rates for gamebirds or voles. Associations between the abundances of buzzards and gamebirds may not be a consequence of the greater availability of gamebirds as prey during the buzzard breeding season. Instead, the association may arise either from habitat or predator management leading to higher densities of alternative prey (in this instance, rabbits), or from greater availability of gamebirds as prey or carrion during the autumn and winter shooting season. The interactions between gamebird releases and associated practices of predator control and shooting itself require better understanding to more effectively intervene in any one aspect of this complex social‐ecological system.
Characteristics, management, and outcomes of patients with left‐sided infective endocarditis complicated by heart failure: a substudy of the ESC‐EORP EURO‐ENDO (European infective endocarditis) registry
Authors: Bohbot Yohann , Habib Gilbert , Laroche Cécile , Stöhr Elisabeth , Chirouze Catherine , Hernandez‐Meneses Marta , Melissopoulou Maria , Mutlu Bülent , Scheggi Valentina , Branco Luísa , Olmos Carmen , Reyes Graciela , Pazdernik Michal , Iung Bernard , Sow Rouguiatou , Mirocevic Maja , Lancellotti Patrizio , Tribouilloy Christophe ,   EORP EURO‐ENDO Registry Investigators Group
Published: May 2022

AimsTo evaluate the current management and survival of patients with left‐sided infective endocarditis (IE) complicated by congestive heart failure (CHF) in the ESC‐EORP European Endocarditis (EURO‐ENDO) registry.Methods and resultsAmong the 3116 patients enrolled in this prospective registry, 2449 (mean age: 60 years, 69% male) with left‐sided (native or prosthetic) IE were included in this study. Patients with CHF (n = 698, 28.5%) were older, with more comorbidity and more severe valvular damage (mitro‐aortic involvement, vegetations >10 mm and severe regurgitation/new prosthesis dehiscence) than those without CHF (all p ≤ 0.019). Patients with CHF experienced higher 30‐day and 1‐year mortality than those without (20.5% vs. 9.0% and 36.1% vs. 19.3%, respectively) and CHF remained strongly associated with 30‐day (odds ratio[OR] 2.37, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.73–3.24; p < 0.001) and 1‐year mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.69, 95% CI 1.39–2.05; p < 0.001) after adjustment for established outcome predictors, including early surgery, or after propensity matching for age, sex, and comorbidity (n = 618 [88.5%] for each group, both p < 0.001). Early surgery, performed on 49% of these patients with IE complicated by CHF, remained associated with a substantial reduction in 30‐day mortality following multivariable analysis, after adjustment for age, sex, Charlson comorbidity index, cerebrovascular accident, Staphylococcus aureus IE, streptococcal IE, uncontrolled infection, vegetation size >10 mm, severe valvular regurgitation and/or new prosthetic dehiscence, perivalvular complication, and prosthetic IE (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.12–0.38; p < 0.001) and in 1‐year mortality (HR 0.29, 95% CI 0.20–0.41; p < 0.001).ConclusionCongestive heart failure is common in left‐sided IE and is associated with older age, greater comorbidity, more advanced lesions, and markedly higher 30‐day and 1‐year mortality. Early surgery is strongly associated with lower mortality but is performed on only approximately half of patients with CHF, mainly because of a surgical risk considered prohibitive.
Ammonium Sulfate and Repeated Freeze‐Thawing Recover Oil from Emulsion Separated from Salmon Skin Hydrolysate
Authors: Nilsuwan Krisana , Chantakun Kasidate , Zhang Bin , Ma Lukai , Yesilsu Ahmet Faruk , Benjakul Soottawat 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEmulsion separated by a disk stack centrifugal separator is the leftover from salmon skin hydrolyzed collagen production, in which oil can be recovered for further uses. Impacts of ammonium sulfate (AS) at different levels (0–10%, w/w) and freeze‐thawing with various cycles (0–7) on destabilization of emulsion separated from salmon skin (Oncorhynchus nerka) hydrolysate and quality of recovered oil are investigated. Emulsion added with AS shows larger oil droplet size (p < 0.05) with lower negative charge (p< 0.05). Oil yield and recovery are increased (p < 0.05) with augmenting concentrations of AS and freeze–thawing cycles. Highest yield (4.01%) and recovery (87.36%) (p < 0.05) are obtained for oil recovered from emulsion added with 10% AS in conjunction with freeze–thawing for three cycles. Oils recovered from emulsion added with AS (0–10%) and freeze–thawed for 0 and 3 cycles show no differences in hydrolysis, oxidation, and astaxanthin content (5.19–5.62 mg kg−1 oil). Furthermore, no marked differences in fatty acid composition and FTIR spectra are observed. Therefore, the use of 10% AS in conjunction with freeze–thawing (3 cycles) is a promising means for recovery of oil from emulsion, which can be an alternative source of nutraceutical.Practical applications: Oil–water emulsion is a by‐product separated from production of salmon skin hydrolysate with the aid of a disk stack centrifugal separator (DSCS). Retained peptides could act as emulsifier and stabilize oil droplets in emulsion. To recover oil from emulsion, the destabilization of emulsion is required. Addition of ammonium sulfate (AS) can destabilize emulsion via peptides precipitation, thus liberating the oil. Moreover, the repeated freeze–thawing in combination with AS under optimal condition is shown to enhance oil yield and recovery. Therefore, oil rich in astaxanthin and polyunsaturated fatty acid from the discarded emulsion can be recovered and further exploited.
A flux‐vector splitting scheme for the shallow water equations extended to high‐order on unstructured meshes
Authors: Toro Eleuterio F. , Castro Cristòbal E. , Vanzo Davide , Siviglia Annunziato 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe present a flux vector splitting method for the one and two‐dimensional shallow water equations following the approach first proposed by Toro and Vázquez for the compressible Euler equations. The resulting first‐order schemes turn out to be exceedingly simple, with accuracy and robustness comparable to that of the sophisticated Godunov upwind method used in conjunction with complete non‐linear Riemann solvers. The technique splits the full system into two subsystems, namely an advection system and a pressure system. The sought numerical flux results from fluxes for each of the subsystems. As to the source terms, there is potential for treating general source terms by incorporating them into either subsystem. In this article we show preliminary results for the case of a discontinuous bottom, incorporated into the pressure system. Results show that the resulting method is well balanced. The basic methodology, extended on 2D unstructured meshes, constitutes the building block for the construction of numerical schemes of very high order of accuracy following the ADER approach. The presented numerical schemes are systematically assessed on a carefully selected suite of test problems with reference solutions, in one and two space dimensions. The applicability of the schemes is illustrated through simulations of tsunami wave propagation in the Pacific Ocean.