bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Regional Tourists in Bhutan before Covid-19
Authors: Khan Shad Ahmad , Magd Hesham , Ansari Mohammed Sultan Ahmad , Sharma Purna Prasad , Tirwa Indra Prasad , Bhuyan Ujjal 
Published: August 2022

Bhutan has a unique policy of “high value, low impact”, towards tourism. The tourists visiting the country are divided into two forms, first are the ones who have been covered under the above-mentioned policy, whereas the second are the regional tourists, who are the tourists mainly from the three SAARC nations viz, India, Maldives and Bangladesh. As per the diplomatic agreement the visitors from these countries are exempted from the tourism policy and are considered to be of low value to the Bhutanese economy from the revenue and employment point of view. However, the regional tourists have been sharing a significant share of more than 50% in the overall tourism in the kingdom before covid 19. With the global pandemic, the rationale of having regional tourists and creating appropriate policies to deal with them has been a point of deliberations now. The point of consideration has been about the way regional tourists can affect the hotel industry in Bhutan as it contributes to the increase in the revenue for the country. As a result, our country can be able to generate more revenue from regional tourists by encouraging a greater number of hotels as tourism is the second highest revenue-generating factor in Bhutan. This study attempts to analyse the impact of regional tourist on the hotel industry in Bhutan and explores the mediating role of the government policies. For the purpose of the study, a quantitative analysis has been carried out on the hotels of three most visited cities in Bhutan i.e., Thimphu, Paro and Phuentsholing using the snowball method. From these analyses we were able to come up with the conclusion of how the increasing number of regional tourists are having the impact on the hotel industry based on the factors like government policies, e-technology and capacity of the hotels.
Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Lembaga Amil Zakat terhadap Loyalitas Muzaki
Authors: Permatasari Citra , Huda Nurul 
Published: August 2022

The research aims to know the influence of the service quality management institution of zakah directly against muzaki loyalty; as well as the role of the interaction of the service quality management institution of zakah and satisfaction muzaki as moderating variable in influencing loyalty muzaki, through the dissemination of a questionnaire of 150 muzaki in Jabodetabek area in November 2013, with Structural Equation Model analysis method (SEM) program LISREL 8.5. The results showed there was a positive influence of variable quality of service directly to the variable muzaki loyalty but not significant; as well as the quality of service has a role which is not too great with support in influencing loyalty muzaki satisfaction muzaki. So the role of the interaction of the service quality and customer satisfaction as a moderating variable muzaki in influencing loyalty muzaki is small enough.
Keywords: loyalty muzaki, satisfaction muzaki, service quality, zakat
Early Miocene remains of Melissiodon from Mokrá-Quarry (Moravia, Czech Republic) shed light on the evolutionary history of the rare cricetid genus
Authors: Bonilla-Salomón Isaac , Čermák Stanislav , Luján Àngel H. , Jovells-Vaqué Sílvia , Ivanov Martin , Sabol Martin 
Published: August 2022

Background
Melissiodon is a rare cricetid genus endemic to Europe, known from the Early Oligoceneto the Early Miocene. It is usually a very rare find, and even in the few localities where Melissiodon remains are found, those are scarce and fragmentary. Only a few Central European localities have yielded rich remains of the genus. Currently, two species are known from the Early Miocene: Melissiodon schlosseri, which is based on two teeth from the MN2 German locality of Haslach and only found in two other sites of similar age (Ulm-Uniklinik and La Chaux, from Germany and Switzerland respectively); and Melissiodon dominans, found in MN3 and MN4 localities across Europe, even though the scarce and fragmentary remains make some of these attributions dubious. For that reason, Melissiodon dominans has become a catch-all species. However, Mokrá-Quarry represents one of the best documented findings of Melissiodon remains from MN4 localities of Europe.

Methods
The Melissiodon assemblage from Mokrá-Quarry has been studied thoroughly, providing metrics and detailed descriptions of all teeth positions, as well as complete comparisons with other MN3 and MN4 localities bearing Melissiodon remains.

Results
In this work, new remains of Melissiodon have been identified as a new morphotype that clearly differs from Melissiodon dominans by its unique m1 morphology but still shows some resemblance with Melissiodon schlosseri. Based on that, we here propose the hypothesis of an evolutionary lineage starting from Melissiodon schlosseri, diverging from the lineage leading towards Melissiodon dominans. With this finding, there are at least two different taxa of Melissiodon known during the Early Miocene, prior to the genus extinction. This study arises the certainty that the evolution history of the genus is more complex than previously thought and that more studies are necessary to elucidate it, including a complete revision of the type material of Melissiodon dominans and Melissiodon schlosseri in the light of current knowledge of the genus, which will help to elucidate the attribution of the populations from Mokrá-Quarry. For the time being, the assemblage presented here is referred as Melissiodon aff. schlosseri.
Assessment of Metallic Contamination in Soils and Sediments in the Bétaré-Oya Gold Artisanal Mine District, East-Cameroon
Authors: Doumo Elvine Paternie Edjengte , Nga Léopold Ekengele , Ondoa Augustin Desire Balla , Lucien Dieudonné Bitom , Béllo Bienvenue , Bessa Armel Zacharie Ekoa 
Published: August 2022

Mining is an activity that involves the use of chemicals and results in unsustainable and dangerous conditions for the miners, their families, the community and the surrounding ecosystem. This study was done to assess metallic contamination of soils and sediments in the Bétaré-Oya gold artisanal mine district, East-Cameroon. A total of thirty (30) samples of exploited soils, control soils and sediments were taken from the mining sites of Lom, Mbal and Mali. The concentrations of heavy metals and metalloids (Fe, Sr, Cu, As, Pb and Zn) were determined by Inductive Plasma Ionisation Source Atomic Emission Spectrometry. The results show that in the sediments metals such as: As (1.82), Cu (24.22), Pb (18.04) and Zn (65.69) have average concentrations slightly higher than the UCC and Average Shale reference values. In the exploited soil As (1.93), Cu (16.86) and Zn (96.22) have average concentrations slightly higher than the UCC and Average Shale reference values.While in the cotrol soils only As (1.62) and Zn (59.72) shows an average concentration slightly above the UCC reference values. The average concentrations of the different heavy metals and metalloids were then used to calculate the intensity of contamination in soils and sediments. The results of this calculation indicate that the Enrichment Factor (EF) of As, Sr, Zn and Pb indicate an extremely high enrichment in these elements. The geo-accumulation Index (Igeo) (22.85-25), the Contamination (CF) (1.47), the low values of the ecological risk indices suggest a low potential ecological risk and Pollution load index (PLI) (0.67) indicates extreme contamination with these elements in the soils and sediments. However, only As indicates a slight contamination (class 1) in soils and sediments. Gold panning activities and untreated mine tailings discharges would be considered as the main sources of sediment and soil pollution in Bétaré-Oya.
Estimation of General and Specific Combining Ability Effects for Quality Protein Maize Inbred Lines
Authors: Mekasha Goshime Muluneh , Chere Adefris Teklewold , Ali Hussein Mohammed , Gissa Dagne Wegary , Seyoum Solomon Amassu 
Published: August 2022

Background: Maize (Zea mays L.) plays a critical role in meeting high food demand. It is globally one of the most widely adapted and cultivated crops. Hybrid development from fixed inbred lines is one of the strategies for the improvement of maize production. The national average maize yield in Ethiopia is low and thus, selection of promising germplasm and knowledge of combining ability are prerequisites to developing high yielding maize varieties. Forty-two Quality Protein Maize (QPM) crosses (21 inbred lines each crossed with two testers) along with three popular standard hybrids were evaluated in two replications using alpha lattice during the 2017 cropping season at Ambo, Arsi-Negele, and Kulumsa. The objectives of this study were to identify lines with high GCA and estimate the SCA of crosses for grain yield, and other agronomic and morphological characters.
Results: Significant difference among crosses was observed for 19 traits at Ambo, 14 traits at Arsi-Negele, and 19 traits at Kulumsa in the hybrid trial. Regarding the GCA effect, L8 had a significant difference to the positive side with the highest magnitude of GCA effect at three locations (3.40, 2.03, and 1.88 GCA effect values at Arsi-Negele, Ambo, and Kulumsa, respectively) which is followed by L7 for GY. All crosses did not show a significant SCA effect for GY in both directions at Ambo and Arsi-Negele but at Kulumsa, five crosses: L2xT1(1.89), L13xT2(1.88), L7xT1(1.86), L4xT2(1.49) and L19xT1(1.41) showed significant difference. In the combined analysis for six traits, Additive gene action was more important which was manifested by a higher sum square contribution of DS (79.6) EPP (79.3%), EL (80.0%), KPR (80.1%), ED (78.5%) and TSW (79.1%).
Conclusion: Based on mean grain yield, and combining ability, L8xT2, L7xT1, L8xT1, L19xT1, L6xT2, and L18xT1 are promising crosses that could be forwarded for further use in maize breeding programs for further works.
Resistance in Pink Bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) against Bt Cotton, a Major Threat to Cotton in India: A Brief Review
Authors: Garg Ruby , Singh Bishan , Kargwal Raveena , Tiwari Sangeeta , Yadav Sunita , Jakhar Anil , Kumar Dalip , Sharma Bajrang Lal 
Published: August 2022

The pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is a primary pest of cotton in many regions of the world. In many parts of India, pink bollworm (PBW) has become resistant to BG-I (Bollgard I®) that expresses a single Bt gene (Cry1Ac) in 2009 and BG-II (Cry1Ac and cry 2Ab) in 2015. The brief review addresses the possible reasons and solutions to resistance posed by this insect. The review addresses the following points: reasons for resistance in PBW is discussed; the life-history is discussed how it’s distinctness from other bollworms; the introduction of hybrid cotton lead to insecticide treadmill in India; reduced accomplishment of the refugia recommendations also contributed to the problem; poor compliance of the bio-safety laws also led to the problem; unfavorable crop management practices prove to be an add-on to the problem. Furthermore, the possible solutions of the problem are discussed; monitoring and mating disruption; cultivation of High-density short season (HD-SS) pure line varieties; case studies of sterile insect technique (SIT) proved to be supporting in control of PBW; RNA interference technique can overcome the problem of resistance; use of chemical insecticides in different manner can change the perspective; proper cultural or farming practices can make the difference; Bio-control agents can overcome the problem; extension functionaries can help in solving the PBW problem. Therefore the management of resistance in PBW requires a broader vision and development of technology.
Effect of Rhizobium Inoculation with Different Levels of Inorganic Fertilizers on Yield, Nutrient Content & Uptake of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Singh Ashish Kumar , Dimree Sushil , Kumar Anil , Sachan Ravindra , Sirohiya Abhishek , Nema Saumya 
Published: August 2022

The field experiment was conducted during Rabi season of 2021-22, to study the effect of combination of biofertilizer and different level of inorganic fertilizers on yield, quality, nutrient content & uptake of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) at pot culture farm of Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry of Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.). The experiment comprises of eight treatments T1 (Control), T2 (RDF 75%), T3 (RDF 100%), T4 (RDF 125%), T5 (Rhizobium), T6 (RDF 75% + Rhizobium), T7 (RDF 100% + Rhizobium), T8 (RDF 125% + Rhizobium) in randomized block design with four replications. The chickpea variety RVG-202 is grown by adopting various agronomic practices. The result revealed that among all the treatments, RDF 125% + Rhizobium (T8) treatment recorded maximum yield, highest nutrient content in terms of % N(3.58 %), % P (1.34 %) and % K (0.69 %) in grain % N(2.38 %), % P (1.35 %) and % K (0.86 %) in stover. Highest nutrient uptake viz. N (65.69 kg ha-1), P (24.58 kg ha-1) and (12.66 kg ha-1) in grain and N (61.14 kg ha-1), P (8.99 kg ha-1) and (47.78 kg ha-1) stover is also associated with the treatment T8 [RDF 125% + Rhizobium]. It is clearly identified that seed inoculated with rhizobium can increase yield, nutrient content and uptake values of chickpea crop.
First‐Principles Exploration of 2D Benzenehexathiolate Coordination Nanosheets for Broadband Electrochromic Devices
Authors: Li Meng , Wu Zhenzhen , Zheng Mengting , Chen Hao , Gould Tim , Zhang Shanqing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractElectrochromic materials can tune the illumination and heat exchange of a building with the environment and thereby save energy in lighting, heating, and air conditioning in a cost‐effective way, which is vital in realizing carbon neutrality. 2D frameworks such as coordination nanosheets (CONASHs) that are widely explored for a wide range of applications in energy storage and conversion can be a cluster of novel electrochromic materials. In this work, a series of transition metal benzenehexathiol (TM‐BHT) CONASHs are theoretically investigated via first‐principles simulations. During ion intercalation and deintercalation in TM‐BHTs, changes in lattice structures, lithium diffusion barriers, atomic charges, bond strength, and electronic properties are explored in‐depth. The incurred changes are then correlated with critical electrochromic properties, including the transmittance adjustment ranges in the visible light, near‐infrared, solar spectrum, and mid‐infrared. Among the various TM‐BHT systems, Cu‐BHT and Ag‐BHT are the most promising broadband electrochromic materials for optical and thermal management in the wavelength range from visible to mid‐infrared. The theoretical guidance from this work paves a new path toward electrochromic applications of CONASHs that exploit the versatility of these 2D materials.
Wearable Hybrid Device Capable of Interactive Perception with Pressure Sensing and Visualization
Authors: Guo Yunjian , Li Hao , Li Yang , Wei Xiao , Gao Song , Yue Wenjing , Zhang Chunwei , Yin Feifei , Zhao Songfang , Kim Nam‐Young , Shen Guozhen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA wearable interactive device that can synchronously detect and visualize pressure, stimuli will supplement easily identifiable in situ signals with conventional sensing that outputs only electronic signals. Currently, most interactive devices are composed of physically connected separate pressure sensors and display elements, which do not conform to the development of miniaturization and high integration. The realization of combining these two functions in one device with a simplified configuration is still only beginning to be explored. Inspired by the two‐in‐one response of the octopus, which can both sense and visualize stimuli, an integrated hybrid device based on ionic sensing and electrochromic display is proposed for interactive pressure perception. By efficiently reusing the electrodes and ionic gel, the device enables quantitative sensing and direct color changing in response to pressure. Benefiting from its excellent comprehensive performance, the applications are explored and verified, including the interactive perception of pressure information, hiding and display of visual information under pressure regulation, and repeated writing and erasing on flexible boards. Notably, multiple customized systems with improved design flexibility are implemented to provide remote monitoring and visual warning of behavioral states and physiological parameters. This study diversifies solutions to realize a direct link between pressure detection and visualization.
Recent Advances in Laser‐Induced Graphene: Mechanism, Fabrication, Properties, and Applications in Flexible Electronics
Authors: Le Truong‐Son Dinh , Phan Hoang‐Phuong , Kwon Soongeun , Park Sangbaek , Jung Yeongju , Min Jinki , Chun Byung Jae , Yoon Hana , Ko Seung Hwan , Kim Seung‐Woo , Kim Young‐Jin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLaser‐induced graphene (LIG) is a newly emerging 3D porous material produced when irradiating a laser beam on certain carbon materials. LIG exhibits high porosity, excellent electrical conductivity, and good mechanical flexibility. Predesigned LIG patterns can be directly fabricated on diverse carbon materials with controllable microstructure, surface property, electrical conductivity, chemical composition, and heteroatom doping. This selective, low‐cost, chemical‐free, and maskless patterning technology minimizes the usage of raw materials, diminishes the environmental impact, and enables a wide range of applications ranging from academia to industry. In this review, the recent developments in 3D porous LIG are comprehensively summarized. The mechanism of LIG formation is first introduced with a focus on laser‐material interactions and material transformations during laser irradiation. The effects of laser types, fabrication parameters, and lasing environment on LIG structures and properties are thoroughly discussed. The potentials of LIG for advanced applications including biosensors, physical sensors, supercapacitors, batteries, triboelectric nanogenerators, and so on are also highlighted. Finally, current challenges and future prospects of LIG research are discussed.
Improving the Efficiency of Gallium Telluride for Photocatalysis, Electrocatalysis, and Chemical Sensing through Defects Engineering and Interfacing with its Native Oxide
Authors: Bondino Federica , Duman Songül , Nappini Silvia , D'Olimpio Gianluca , Ghica Corneliu , Menteş Tevfik Onur , Mazzola Federico , Istrate Marian Cosmin , Jugovac Matteo , Vorokhta Mykhailo , Santoro Sergio , Gürbulak Bekir , Locatelli Andrea , Boukhvalov Danil W. , Politano Antonio 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGallium telluride (GaTe) is a van der Waals semiconductor, currently adopted for photonic and optoelectronic devices. However, the rapid degradation of GaTe in air, promoted by Te vacancies, is detrimental for device applications. Here, it is demonstrate that the surface oxidation of GaTe can be unexpectedly exploited for expanding the breadth of applications of GaTe. Specifically, the formation of a nanoscale sub‐stoichiometric wide‐band‐gap Ga2O3 skin, promoted by Te vacancies, over narrow‐band‐gap GaTex upon air exposure is beneficial for electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, and gas sensing . In particular, the Heyrovsky step (Hads + H+ + e− → H2) of hydrogen evolution reaction in an acidic medium is barrier‐free for the sub‐stoichiometric gallium‐oxide/gallium‐telluride heterostructure, which also enables a significant reduction of costs with respect to state‐of‐the‐art Pt/C electrodes. In the photocatalytic process, the photo‐generated electrons migrate from GaTe to Ga2Ox skin, which acts as the chemically active side of the interface. Moreover, the Ga2O3/GaTe heterostructure is a suitable platform for sensing of H2O, NH3, and NO2 at operational temperatures extended up to 600 °C (useful for gas detection in combustion processes), mainly due to the increased area of charge redistribution after adsorption achieved upon oxidation of GaTe.
Ultra‐Clean Isotope Engineered Double‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes as Tailored Hosts to Trace the Growth of Carbyne
Authors: Cui Weili , Simon Ferenc , Zhang Yifan , Shi Lei , Ayala Paola , Pichler Thomas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA unique scope of mechanical, optical, and electrical properties makes the 1‐D allotrope of carbon, carbyne, one of the most promising materials for applications in various fields. Despite the important progress in the synthesis of carbyne confined to double‐walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs), its formation and growth mechanisms remain elusive. Here, it is shown how a rational design of isotope‐engineered ultra‐clean DWCNTs with 13C‐enriched inner walls—which act as precursors and as tailored hosts—can trace the growth mechanism of confined carbyne upon high‐vacuum annealing at high temperatures. It is unambiguously proven that an exchange of C atoms between the inner and outer tubes takes place, and it is distinguished from the growth of confined carbyne. The latter only happens after the ultra‐clean DWCNT hosts react by partial oxidation yielding encapsulated carbonaceous products, which are well‐defined precursors for the carbyne synthesis with a record of ≈28.8% 13C enrichment. Tracing the synthesis of carbyne and disentangling it from concomitant high‐temperature processes like healing, reorganization and regrowth of DWCNTs are a crucial step towards accessing the full application potential of confined carbyne hybrids by tailoring the isotopic fillers, as well as the inner and outer tubes of the DWCNT hosts.
Bioinspired Silk Fibroin Mineralization for Advanced In Vitro Bone Remodeling Models
Authors: de Wildt Bregje W. M. , van der Meijden Robin , Bartels Paul A. A. , Sommerdijk Nico A. J. M. , Akiva Anat , Ito Keita , Hofmann Sandra 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHuman in vitro bone models can create the possibility for investigation of physiological bone remodeling while addressing the principle of replacement, reduction and refinement of animal experiments (3R). Current in vitro models lack cell–matrix interactions and their spatiotemporal complexity. To facilitate these analyses, a bone‐mimetic template is developed in this study, inspired by bone's extracellular matrix composition and organization. Silk fibroin (SF) is used as an organic matrix, poly‐aspartic acid (pAsp) is used to mimic the functionality of noncollagenous proteins, and 10× simulated body fluid serves as mineralization solution. By using pAsp in the mineralization solution, minerals are guided toward the SF material resulting in mineralization inside and as a coating on top of the SF. After cytocompatibility testing, remodeling experiments are performed in which mineralized scaffold remodeling by osteoclasts and osteoblasts is tracked with nondestructive microcomputed tomography and medium analyses over a period of 42 d. The mineralized scaffolds support osteoclastic resorption and osteoblastic mineralization, in the physiological bone remodeling specific sequence. This model could therefore facilitate the investigation of cell–matrix interactions and may thus reduce animal experiments and advance in vitro drug testing for bone remodeling pathologies like osteoporosis, where cell–matrix interactions need to be targeted.