bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Desirability of outcome ranking and quality life measurement for antimicrobial research in organ transplantation
Authors: Doernberg Sarah B. ,   MAS for the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundCurrent clinical trials of new antibiotics facilitate bringing new drugs to market but often fail to provide useful information for clinical decision making.MethodsLiterature review of desirability of outcome ranking (DOOR) in antibiotic clinical trials and description how DOOR can fit into design, administration, and assessment of clinical trials.ResultsDOOR is an approach that addresses many of the shortcomings of current trials by incorporating efficacy and safety into a single outcome to analyze the patient experience in its entirety. Application of partial credit, tiebreaker strategies including response adjusted for duration of antibiotic risk (RADAR), and DOOR for Management of Antimicrobial Therapy (DOOR MAT) provides additional nuance and granularity. To address pitfalls of DOOR, investigators must develop the DOOR a priori, ideally with input from and incorporation of patient voices, and should perform component analysis to ensure that imbalances in key components are detected.ConclusionInclusion of DOOR in clinical trials will enrich our understanding of how new antibiotics might benefit patients who have had transplantation. Additional work to develop best practices for DOOR selection, analysis, and interpretation must continue, and incorporation of the patient perspective is essential.
Rate of D‐alloimmunization in trauma does not depend on the number of RhD‐positive units transfused: The BEST collaborative study
Authors: Seheult Jansen N. , Callum Jeannie , Delaney Meghan , Drake Rosanna , Dunbar Nancy M. , Harm Sarah K. , Hess John R. , Jackson Bryon P. , Javanbakht Ayda , Moore Sarah A. , Murphy Michael F. , Raval Jay S. , Staves Julie , Tuott Erin E. , Wendel Silvano , Ziman Alyssa , Yazer Mark H. ,   The Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion collaborative
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundEvidence indicates the life‐saving benefits of early blood product transfusion in severe trauma resuscitation. Many of these products will be RhD‐positive, so understanding the D‐alloimmunization rate is important.MethodsThis was a multicenter, retrospective study whereby injured RhD‐negative patients between 18–50 years of age who received at least one unit of RhD‐positive red blood cells (RBC) or low titer group O whole blood (LTOWB) during their resuscitation between 1 January, 2010 through 31 December, 2019 were identified. If an antibody detection test was performed ≥14 days after the index RhD‐positive transfusion then basic demographic information was collected, including whether the patient became D‐alloimmunized. The overall D‐alloimmunization rate, and the rate stratified by the number of units transfused, were calculated.ResultsData were collected from nine institutions. Five institutions reported fewer than 10 eligible patients each and were excluded. From the remaining four institutions, all from the USA, there were 235 eligible patients; 77 (random effects estimate: 32.7%; 95% CI: 19.1–50.1%) became D‐alloimmunized. Three of the institutions reported D‐alloimmunization rates ≥38.6%, while the remaining institution's rate was 12.2%. In both random and fixed‐effects models, the rate of D‐alloimmunization was not significantly different between those who received one RhD‐positive unit and those who received multiple RhD‐positive units.ConclusionIn this large, multicenter study of injured patients, the overall rate of D‐alloimmunization fell within the range previously reported. The rate of D‐alloimmunization did not increase as the number of transfused RhD‐positive units increased. These data can help to inform RhD type selection decisions.
Hypocalcemia as a predictor of mortality and transfusion. A scoping review of hypocalcemia in trauma and hemostatic resuscitation
Authors: Kronstedt Shane , Roberts Nicholas , Ditzel Ricky , Elder Justin , Steen Aimee , Thompson Kelsey , Anderson Justin , Siegler Jeffrey 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundCalcium plays an essential role in physiologic processes, including trauma's “Lethal Diamond.” Thus, inadequate serum calcium in trauma patients exacerbates the effects of hemorrhagic shock secondary to traumatic injury and subsequently poorer outcomes compared to those with adequate calcium levels. Evidence to date supports the consideration of calcium derangements when assessing the risk of mortality and the need for blood product transfusion in trauma patients. This review aims to further elucidate the predictive strength of this association for future treatment guidelines and clinical trials.MethodsPublications were collected on the relationship between i‐Ca and the outcomes of traumatic injuries from PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL. Manuscripts were reviewed to select for English language studies. Hypocalcemia was defined as i‐Ca <1.2 mmol/L.ResultsUsing PRISMA guidelines, we reviewed 300 studies, 7 of which met our inclusion criteria. Five papers showed an association between hypocalcemia and mortality.ConclusionsIn adult trauma patients, there has been an association seen between hypocalcemia, mortality, and the need for increased blood product transfusions. It is possible we are now seeing an association between low calcium levels prior to blood product administration and an increased risk for mortality and need for transfusion. Hypocalcemia may serve as a biomarker to show these needs. Therefore, hypocalcemia could potentially be used as an independent predictor for multiple transfusions such that ionized calcium measurements could be used predictively, allowing faster administration of blood products.
Screening platelet function in blood donors
Authors: Pedini Pascal , Baudey Jean‐Baptiste , Pouymayou Katia , Falaise Celine , Ibrahim‐Kosta Manal , Vélier Melanie , Demerle Clémence , Graiet Hajer , Dragutini Catherine , Dombey Anne‐marie , Chiaroni Jacques , Alessi Marie Christine , Picard Christophe 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundTransfusion of defective platelets could contribute to the inefficiency of platelet transfusion in preventing or stopping bleeding.Study Design and MethodsThis single‐center prospective study aimed to determine the prevalence of functional platelet abnormalities in a population of blood donors with a clinical history of bleeding diathesis or with history of hematoma (>4 cm) during blood donation. Donors with positive bleeding screening questionnaire were referred to the reference center for rare platelet diseases at La Timone University Hospital (Marseille) to confirm the bleeding tendency using a more extensive bleeding questionnaire (MCMDMscore) and to assess hemostasis, including a comprehensive platelet analysis.ResultsOne hundred and ninety‐five donors identified based on a history of hematoma and 2434 blood donors were included in the study. Eighty‐eight donors (3.6%) had a bleeding score indicating a potential bleeding disorder. Five donors with a history of hematoma (2.5%) and 15 (17%) donors with a confirmed bleeding score underwent hemostatic analysis, including two men and 18 women with average age of 33.9 years. Minor hemostatic abnormalities were observed in three donors. Two donors exhibited accelerated fibrinolysis with reduced euglobulin lysis time and increased D‐dimer levels in serum. Two donors had a platelet granule defect, without identification of genetic abnormality.ConclusionThe bleeding questionnaire proved to be a valuable tool to screen blood donors for potential platelet defects. Platelet dysfunction was rare in the blood donor population assessed. Additional studies are necessary to understand the clinical impact that the transfusion of platelets with qualitative defects has on recipients.
A High-Consolidation Electron Beam-Curing Process for Manufacturing Three-Dimensional Advanced Thermoset Composites
Authors: Rizzolo Robert H. , Walczyk Daniel F. , Montoney Daniel , Simacek Pavel , Mahbub Md Rashef 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper describes the application of a new manufacturing process for low-cost and rapid consolidation and curing of advanced thermoset composites that avoids the use of expensive prepreg, autoclaving, and thermally induced curing. The process, called VIPE, uses a novel tooling design that combines vacuum infusion (VI) of a dry preform with resin, a rigidly backed pressure focusing layer (P) made of an elastomer to consolidate the wet preform with uniform pressure, and high-energy electron beam curing (E). A VIPE tool is engineered and fabricated to manufacture 3D laminate bicycle seats composed of woven carbon fiber textile and an electron beam-curable epoxy acrylate. Details of the tooling design discussed include computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of the vacuum infusion, iterative structural finite element analysis (FEA) to synthesize the pressure focusing layer (PFL), structural FEA to design the top mold made of a composite sandwich structure for electron beam transparency, and Monte Carlo electron absorption simulations to specify the e-beam energy level. Ten parts are fabricated using the matched tool (bottom aluminum mold covered with silicone layer and top mold with carbon/epoxy skins separated by foam core) after the dry textile preform contained within is infused with resin, the tool halves are clamped under load, and a 3.0 MeV e-beam machine bombards the tool for less than 1 min. Part thickness, part stiffness, surface roughness, and fiber and void volume fractions measurements show that aerospace quality parts with low cycle times are achievable, although there is high variability due to the small number of replicates and need for process optimization.
A New Validation Metric for Models With Correlated Responses Using Limited Experimental and Simulation Data
Authors: Hu Weifei , Zhang Tongzhou , Liu Zhenyu , Cheng Jin , Lou Yukun , Deng Xiaoyu , Tan Jianrong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Model validation is the process of determining the degree to which a model is an accurate representation of the real object. Most of the existing model verification metrics rely on massive data, which are expensive to obtain in complex engineering problems. This paper first proposes a new enhanced Mahalanobis distance (EMD) metric by multiplying the original Mahalanobis distance with a direction angle to incorporate the correlation information using limited experimental and simulation data. Combining with EMD, an angle metric is developed as an alternative of the area metric to reduce the misjudgment rate of model validation. In order to quantify the uncertainty due to insufficient experimental and simulation data, the angle metric is further extended to a new interval angle metric, namely the interval EMD-pooling angle metric as the ultimate metric, for validating models at multiple sites. The proposed interval EMD-pooling angle metric is compared with other existing metrics through three numerical case studies to demonstrate its advantages when both experimental and simulation data are insufficient. An engineering example regarding ultrasonic welding is also provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed metric for practical model validation problems.
Effects of Plyometric Training on Sonographic Characteristics of Quadriceps Muscle and Patellar Tendon, Quadriceps Strength, and Jump Height in Adolescent Female Volleyball Players
Authors: Harput Gulcan , Toprak Ugur , Colakoglu Fatma Filiz , Temel Emirhan , Saylisoy Suzan , Baltaci Gul 
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of plyometric training on vastus lateralis (VL) and patellar tendon size, quadriceps isokinetic strength, and vertical jump height in adolescent female volleyball players. Thirty players (age mean ± SD: 15.7 ± 1.1 years) participated in a 6-week Sportsmetrics™ plyometric training program. VL thickness, echo intensity, and patellar tendon cross-sectional area were assessed by real-time ultrasound. Isokinetic quadriceps strength and vertical jump were assessed. The VL thickness, quadriceps strength, and VJ height increased and VL–echo intensity decreased after training. We recommended that 6-week Sportmetrics plyometric training program may be implemented in adolescent female volleyball programs especially before the beginning of the volleyball season.
Effects of Dryland Training During the COVID-19 Lockdown Period on Swimming Performance
Authors: Arsoniadis Gavriil G. , Botonis Petros G. , Tsoltos Alexandros I. , Chatzigiannakis Alexandros D. , Bogdanis Gregory C. , Terzis Gerasimos D. , Toubekis Argyris G. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose: To examine the effect of dryland training during an 11-week lockdown period due to COVID-19 on swimming performance. Methods: Twelve competitive swimmers performed 50- and 300-m maximum-effort tests in their preferred stroke and 200-, 400-, and four 50-m front crawl sprints (4 × 50 m) before and after the lockdown period. Critical speed as an index of aerobic endurance was calculated using (1) 50-, 300-, and (2) 200-, 400-m tests. Blood lactate concentration was measured after the 400- and 4 × 50-m tests. To evaluate strength-related abilities, the dryland tests included handgrip and shoulder isometric strength. Tethered swimming force was measured during a 10-second sprint. During the lockdown period, dryland training was applied, and the session rating of perceived exertion training (sRPE) load was recorded daily. Results: sRPE training load during the lockdown was decreased by 78% (16%), and critical speed was reduced 4.7% to 4.9% compared to prelockdown period (P < .05). Performance time in 200, 300, and 400 m deteriorated 2.6% to 3.9% (P < .05), while it remained unaltered in 4 × 50- and 50-m tests (P > .05). Tethered force increased 9% (10%) (P < .01), but handgrip and shoulder isometric force remained unaltered (P > .05). Blood lactate concentration decreased 19% (21%) after the 400-m test and was unchanged following the 4 × 50-m tests (P > .05). Conclusions: Performance deterioration in the 200, 300, and 400 m indicates reduced aerobic fitness and impaired technical ability, while strength and repeated-sprint ability were maintained. When a long abstention from swimming training is forced, dryland training may facilitate preservation in short-distance but not middle-distance swimming performance.
Prospects for Membrane Deoxygenation of Alkanolamine CO2 Solvents to Prevent Their Degradation (A Minireview)
Authors: Bazhenov S. D. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Absorption by aqueous solutions of alkanolamines is the most mature technology for removing carbon dioxide (СО2) from natural gas, off-gases from power engineering, and other mixtures. The possible presence of oxygen in the gas mixture being treated or air leakage into the absorption treatment system leads to oxidative degradation of the amine and deactivation of the absorption liquid with the formation of a wide range of corrosion-active degradation products. The paper discusses modern views on the effect of dissolved oxygen on the degradation of amine solvents. The main methods for preventing oxidative degradation of alkanolamines and fighting against it are described. Direct removal of oxygen (deoxygenation) from absorption liquids in compact and modular membrane gas–liquid contactors is suggested as an alternative countermeasure. The retrospective and state-of-the-art of membrane deoxygenation of aqueous media are presented. Advanced studies in the field of oxygen removal from amine СО2 solvents used for flue gas treatment are described.
Epidemiology of the first and second waves of COVID-19 pandemic in Djibouti and the vaccination strategy developed for the response
Authors: Elhakim Mohamed , Tourab Saleh Banoita , Salem Fatouma , Van De Weerdt Reinhilde 
Published: June 2022

Since the first case of COVID-19 in Djibouti in March 2020 up to the end of May 2021, the country experienced two major epidemic waves of confirmed cases and deaths. The first wave in 2020 progressed more slowly in Djibouti compared with other countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. The second wave in 2021 appeared to be more aggressive in terms of the number and severity of cases, as well as the overall fatality rate. This study describes and analyses the epidemiology of these two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Djibouti and highlights lessons learnt from the National Plan for Introduction and Deployment of COVID-19 vaccines developed and implemented by the Ministry of Health of Djibouti.From 17 March 2020 up to 31 May 2021, Djibouti officially reported 11 533 confirmed cases of COVID-19 with 154 related deaths (case fatality rate, CFR: 1.3%), with an attack rate of 1.2%. The first epidemic wave began in epidemiological week 16/2020 (12–18 April) and ended in epidemiological week 25/2020 (14–20 June) with 4274 reported cases and 46 deaths (CFR: 1.1%). The second wave began in epidemiological week 11/2021 (14–20 March) and ended in epidemiological week 18/2021 (2–8 May) with 5082 reported cases and 86 deaths (CFR: 1.7%).A vaccination campaign was launched by the President of the Republic in March 2021; approximately 1.6% of the population were vaccinated in only two months’ time. Early Preparedness, multisectoral and multicoordinated response, and collaboration with WHO are among the major lessons learnt during the pandemic in Djibouti.
Gastrostomy and congenital anomalies: a European population-based study
Authors: Garne Ester , Tan Joachim , Loane Maria , Baldacci Silvia , Ballardini Elisa , Brigden Joanne , Cavero-Carbonell Clara , García-Villodre Laura , Gissler Mika , Given Joanne , Heino Anna , Jordan Sue , Limb Elizabeth , Neville Amanda Julie , Rissmann Anke , Santoro Michele , Scanlon leuan , Urhoj Stine Kjaer , Wellesley Diana G , Morris Joan 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo report and compare the proportion of children with and without congenital anomalies undergoing gastrostomy for tube feeding in their first 5 years.MethodsA European, population-based data-linkage cohort study (EUROlinkCAT). Children up to 5 years of age registered in nine EUROCAT registries (national and regional) in six countries and children without congenital anomalies (reference children) living in the same geographical areas were included. Data on hospitalisation and surgical procedures for all children were obtained by electronic linkage to hospital databases.ResultsThe study included 91 504 EUROCAT children and 1 960 272 reference children. Overall, 1200 (1.3%, 95% CI 1.2% to 1.6%) EUROCAT children and 374 (0.016%, 95% CI 0.009% to 0.026%) reference children had a surgical code for gastrostomy within the first 5 years of life. There were geographical variations across Europe with higher rates in Northern Europe compared with Southern Europe. Around one in four children with Cornelia de Lange syndrome and Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome had a gastrostomy. Among children with structural anomalies, those with oesophageal atresia had the highest proportion of gastrostomy (15.9%).ConclusionsThis study including almost 2 million reference children in Europe found that only 0.016% of these children had a surgery code for gastrostomy before age 5 years. The children with congenital anomalies were on average 80 times more likely to need a gastrostomy before age 5 years than children without congenital anomalies. More than two-thirds of gastrostomy procedures performed within the first 5 years of life were in children with congenital anomalies.
Effect of the interaction between atrial fibrillation and rt-PA dose on the prognosis of acute ischaemic stroke with intravenous thrombolysis
Authors: Wu Huan , Liu Yuanyuan , Miao Guihua , Ge Jian , You Shoujiang , Zhang Xia , Liu Huihui , Zhou Yi , Lu Taosheng , Cao Yongjun , Shi Jijun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
The association between atrial fibrillation (AF) and the prognosis of acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) remains controversial; whether the recombinant tissue plasminogen activator dose influences this association remains poorly understood.

Methods
Patients who had an AIS were enrolled from eight stroke centres in China. According to the recombinant tissue plasminogen activator dose, patients treated with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator within 4.5 hours after symptom onset were divided into a low-dose group (recombinant tissue plasminogen activator &lt;0.85 mg/kg) and a standard-dose group (recombinant tissue plasminogen activator ≥0.85 mg/kg). Patients who had an AIS in the low-dose group and the standard dose group were divided into whether or not they had AF. The main outcomes were major disability (modified Rankin scale (mRS) score 3–5), mortality and vascular events occurring within 3 months.

Results
The study included 630 patients who received recombinant tissue plasminogen activator after AIS, including 391 males and 239 females, with a mean age of 65.8 years. Of these patients, 305 (48.4%) received low-dose recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and 325 (51.6%) received standard dose recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. The recombinant tissue plasminogen activator dose significantly influenced the association between AF and death or major disability (p-interaction=0.036). After multivariate adjustment, AF was associated with an increased risk of death or major disability (OR 2.90, 95% CI 1.47 to 5.72, p=0.002), major disability (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.04 to 3.59, p=0.038) and vascular events (HR 5.01, 95% CI 2.25 to 11.14, p&lt;0.001) within 3 months in patients with standard-dose recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. No significant association was found between AF and any clinical outcome in patients with low-dose recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (all p&gt;0.05). With AF, the mRS score distribution showed a significantly worse shift in patients with standard-dose recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (p=0.016) than in those with low-dose recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (p=0.874).

Conclusions
AF may be a strong predictor of poor prognosis in patients who had an AIS receiving standard-dose recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, suggesting that low-dose recombinant tissue plasminogen activator should be administered to patients who had a stroke with AF to improve their prognosis.

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Fluoride ion sensing with an acridinium borane
Authors: Liu Wei-Chun , Gabbaï François P. 
Published: June 2022

With our continuing interest in the chemistry of cationic boranes, we have synthesized the tetrafluoroborate salt of 1-dimesitylboron-4-( N-methyl-9-acridinium)-phenylene, which acts as a turn-on fluoride anion sensor, visibly changing from yellow to orange upon binding fluoride. To understand this reactivity, we spectroscopically and computationally analyzed the cation and fluoroborate adduct. Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy and time-dependent density functional theory calculations revealed the basis of the color change to be a low energy redshift in a intramolecular charge transfer band. Electrochemical studies were undertaken to further probe this system. Cyclic voltammetry indicated a reversible one-electron reduction for the cation and a cathodic shift of −0.12 V in the first reduction wave upon fluoride binding. Chemical reduction of the cation yielded the acridine borane radical, which was verified by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy.