bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biodiesel Generation from Palm Kernel Biomass via an In-situ Transesterification Approach
Authors: Ikechukwu Chikaodili D. , Ifijen Ikhazuagbe H. , Udokpoh Nyaknno U. , Ikhuoria Esther U. 
Published: January 2022

This study investigated an in-situ transesterification of palm kernel biomass at variable reaction times (4 h, 5 h and 6 h) and catalyst loading (2 wt%, 3 wt.% and 5 wt.%). The biodiesel yields were observed to vary with these parameters. GC-MS analysis showed high fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) contents for all the prepared biodiesel samples (C-18:1, C-14:0, C-16:0, and C-18:0). 2 wt.% catalyst loading and 4 h reaction time were observed to be the best reaction conditions from the experimented parameters that gave the best biodiesel yield at 300 rpm mixing intensity. The in-situ method recorded a higher degree of oil extraction and efficient conversion of oil to biodiesel (93.93%) compared to the conventional transesterification method which gave 89.45%. The kinematic viscosity, acid value and iodine value of 3.96 mm2/s, 0.56 mg KOH g–1 and 120 g 100 g–1 were found to be within the limits of ASTM D6751-09 and EN14214 standards. These results confirm that efficient production of biodiesel from palm kernel biomass could be possible through an in-situ acidic transesterification process.
Keywords: Biodiesel, fatty acid methyl ester, palm kernel biomass, transesterification
Identification and Characterization of Cassava Mosaic Begomoviruses in Non-crop Plants from Unguja and Pemba Islands
Authors: Mwakosya Joseph A. , Temu Gladness E. , Ndunguru Joseph C. 
Published: January 2022

Cassava mosaic disease caused by cassava mosaic begomoviruses (CMBs) remains one of the major constraints to cassava production since it causes yield losses up to 100%. Researches showed that some of CMBs infecting cassava plants may be coming from non-crop plants. This study intended to identify and characterize CMBs isolated from non-crop plant species in Unguja and Pemba Islands. A total of 108 viral symptomatic and asymptomatic non-crop leaf samples were collected using stratified sampling. DNA was extracted by using CTAB protocol followed by polymerase chain reaction using universal and specific primers for cassava mosaic begomoviruses identification. Results showed that, among eleven samples that were amplified, four were African cassava mosaic viruses (ACMV) and seven were East African cassava mosaic viruses (EACMV). DNA sequencing by Sanger method showed 97–99% similarities with isolates of ACMV and EACMV reported elsewhere in Africa. Using RbcL and MatK plant barcode genes, Datura stramonium, Solanum melongena and Solanum incanum were found associated with ACMV, while Senna occidentalis, Sida acuta and Ricinus communis harboured EACMV. These findings are a key in understanding the epidemiology of cassava mosaic disease and are potential in the development of sustainable management strategies for this disease.
Keywords: Begomoviruses, Cassava mosaic disease, East African cassava mosaic virus, Non crop plants.
Mathematical Characterization of Biological Control of Cassava Pests Model
Authors: Aderinto Yidiat O. , Ibiwoye Faith O. , Oke Michael O. , Jimoh Folashade M. 
Published: January 2022

Pests are major constraints to the effective growth and development of every crop through their damage, and can be controlled effectively by the use of their natural enemies which is referred to as the biological pest control. In this study, the biological control model of cassava pests through optimal control theory was presented in order to minimize the population of the pests and stabilize the natural enemies population so as not to affect the crop negatively. A mathematical model was formulated via the Lotka-Volterra model, and the model was characterized. The optimality system was established, the equilibrium point with its uniqueness was established for the model. Finally, stability analysis of the model was investigated through optimal control approach and numerical data were employed to validate the system. The results obtained showed that cassava pests can be effectively controlled biologically.
Keywords: Optimal control, Cassava pest, Biological control, Stability, Natural enemies
Development of Biodegradable Food Packaging Materials from Agricultural Biomass
Authors: Bidu Jerome M , Towo Arnold , Haule Liberato , , William Joshua C , Kaale Lilian D 
Published: January 2022

This study utilised maize husk fibres and pulp to prepare a biocomposite fabric for foodpackaging. The optimum conditions for extracting maize husk fibres were determinedexperimentally to be 5 g/l of sodium hydroxide concentration at 100 °C for 60 minutes and liquor ratio of 1:20. The fabric was manufactured by solution casting of maize husk pulp on a web prepared by aligning maize husk and sisal fibres using a deckle and frame. The sisal fibre content was varied from 5 to 50% at ratios ranging from 95:5 to 50:50 (maize: sisal fibres). The biodegradable fabric was characterised using three mechanical properties: tear strength, tensile strength, and abrasion resistance. The tear strength ranged from 0.79 MPa to 3.93 MPa whereas the tensile strength ranged from 13.35 MPa to 56.46 MPa, which conforms to the data available from literature. Abrasion tests verified that there was no mass loss at 5,000, 10,000 and 15,000 cycles. Overall, the study findings show that maize husk fibres can replace up to 80% of sisalfibres in materials for food packaging applications without compromising their quality.
Keywords: Maize husk fibre, biocomposite, sisal fibres, food packaging.
Ancient Epigraphic Inscriptions as a Source for Research of the Oldest Past of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Šačić Beća Amra 
Published: January 2022

: Epigraphic inscriptions hundreds of which have been found in the territory
of Bosnia and Herzegovina, are an authentic testimony of the people of the time about the
political, cultural and social life of provinces Dalmatia, and the two Pannonia provinces
(Pannonia Superior and Pannonia Inferior). Although a systematic research is lacking, the
number of newly-found epigraphic monuments has significantly increased in Bosnia and
Herzegovina and to that number four more will be added. Two monuments were found
in the wider Trebinje area, while the other two are from the Crkvine near Makljenovac
(Doboj) locality. Votive altar for Jupiter, Best and Greatest, from the soldier of Cohors prima
Delmatarum milliaria is the first material evidence for which it can be certainly asserted
that it is linked to the presence of the cohort in the area of Doboj. The cohort whose name
is mentioned on the epigraphic monument from Doboj was probably made in the 80s CE,
after the Roman legions retreated from the area of the province Dalmatia. It is considered
that the cohort was stationed throughout the whole principate in its “birth” province
Dalmatia and that it is, conditionally speaking, one of the autochthonous cohorts. The
confirmation that the Cohors prima Delmatarum milliaria equitata was stationed in the
castrum in Makljenovac is a good indicator that Romans accounted for the inter-provincial
borders, not only for he limes.
Prošlost Bosne i Hercegovine na stranicama Kalendara Narodne uzdanice / The past of Bosnia and Herzegovina on the pages of the Kalendar Narodne uzdanice
Authors: Maslo Amer , Muhedinović Ajdin 
Published: January 2022

In the period from 1923 to 1945, the Muslim Cultural and Educational Society “Narodna uzdanica” operated in Bosnia and Herzegovina. As part of its publishing
activities, this society, once a year, published the Kalendar, a publication of a cultural and educational nature. In almost every issue, articles were published where numerous authors
with varying degrees of success sought to contribute to the study of the past of Bosnia and Herzegovina, especially that part of the past in which Bosnia and Herzegovina was under
Ottoman rule. This paper aims to offer a brief overview of the works that thematically dealt with the history of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Kalendar Narodne uzdanice, to point out
their importance, and in some places to show how political and ideological circumstances influenced published works. A selective bibliography of historiographical works published
in the Kalendar Narodne uzdanice is offered as a contribution to the work.
DESCRIPTION OF AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT IN ENGLISH LEARNING TO THE RURAL JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL IN TABANAN REGENCY
Authors: Sukraningsih Gusti Ayu Gede , Sueni Ni Made 
Published: January 2022

Learning assessment is important aspect in valuing education achievement. In line with this, the Ministry of Education and Culture issues minister of education and culture regulation No. 23 Year 2016 (Permendikbud No 23 Year 2016) governing the standard of assessment, one of which is authentic assessment. This research aimed at describing authentic assessment in English learning toward the students of two rural state schools in Tabanan regency, namely SMP Negeri 1 Kerambitan and SMP Negeri 2 Kediri. The subjects of this research were five teachers and 155 students. The techniques of data collection used in this research were observation, interview, and documentation. The data were analyzed by using qualitative data analysis consisting of data reduction, data display, conclusion, and verification. Based on the analysis, it was found that (1) the authentic assessment was implemented in learning process by assessing the competence of attitude, knowledge, and skills. (2) the techniques of assessment used to value each competency include (a) observation and journal for attitude competency, (b) written test, oral test, and assignment for knowledge competency, and (c) performance, project, and portfolio for skills competency. The conclusion of this research is the authentic assessment in both schools is well implemented. It is due to the efforts of the local government through Department of Education and each school to hold the training program to the teachers on curriculum 2013 implementation.
SYZYGIUM CUMINI DEPARTS THE NEGATIVES OF THE ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETES IN SWISS ALBINO MICE
Authors: Md. Mahmudul Amin  , Tanjina Amin  , Md. Abdul Awal  , Shonkor Kumar Das  
Published: January 2022

Background: Because of the unfavorable side effects and higher cost of synthetic anti-diabetic medicines, an alternative approach to manage diabetes mellitus from an herbal source would be safe and within the affordability of the common people. Hence we investigated the hypoglycemic and pancreatic islets restoration effect of Syzygium cumini seed extract using glibenclamide as positive control.
Methods: Six (06) normal control mice and eighteen (18) alloxan induced diabetic mice grouped as diabetic control, Syzygium cumini and standard drug, were used for this experiment. In comparison to a reference drug-glibenclamide (@600μg/kg body weight), Syzygium cumini seed ethanolic extract (@500mg/kg body weight) was given orally once daily for thirty days to counteract alloxan induced alteration in blood glucose level and pancreatic cells morphology. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) level was evaluated at 15 days intervals, whereas mice were ethically sacrificed to collect pancreas at the completion of the experiment and processed for histological examination.
Results: Research results revealed that in both the Syzygium cumini and standard drug treated groups, FBG level were significantly lower than the diabetic control group (P < 0.05). Histologically, smaller islets and necrosis, present in the pancreas of diabetic mice were returned to normal following treatment with Syzygium cumini seed extract and standard anti-diabetic drug.
Conclusion: Syzygium cumini seed extract could be recommended as anti-diabetic for humans and animals especially in developing and under developed countries where this plant is readily available and affordable.
Minimasi Waste Melalui Pendekatan Lean Manufacturing pada Proses Produksi di UMKM Nafa Cahya
Authors: Cahya Felia Ananda , Handayani Wiwik 
Published: January 2022

UMKM Nafa Cahya an individual business engaged in the industrial sector. The target of marketing is the lower class market with affordable prices. In production process, obstacles are found in the form of waste waiting and waste motion that must be trimmed or eliminated in order to achieve efficient production goals. By applying the lean manufacturing method it expected to be able to improve the current production process. The tools applied in this research are VSM, WAM which consists of WRM and WAQ, and fishbone. The results of study found that the most dominant is waste waiting by 22%, followed by an analysis fishbone and then a proposed improvement design for the production process was carried out..
Keywords: Waste, Lean Manufacturing, VSM, WAM, Fishbone
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Perilaku Konsumen Dalam Memilih Produk Asuransi Syariah
Authors: Radianti Ami , Aslami Nuri 
Published: January 2022

This study focuses on consumer behavior, sharia insurance, and the factors that influence consumer behavior in sharia insurance. The research objectives are (1) to determine consumer behavior, (2) to determine what factors influence consumer behavior factors, (3) to determine sharia insurance. The method used in this research is the literature study method, which is a method that uses a series of research activities by collecting library data, reading and recording important things, such as we can take this research material through journals, articles, trusted websites, and books that we got. The results obtained are to understand what Islamic insurance is, understand consumer behavior, consumer behavior models, and find out what factors influence consumer behavior in Islamic insurance.
Keywords: Factors, Influence, Consumer Behavior, Sharia Insurance
Peranan Manajemen Sumberdaya Manusia Dalam Organisasi
Authors: Amelia Anika , Manurung Khoirul Ardani , Purnomo Daffa Baihaqi 
Published: January 2022

This paper aims to determine the role of human resource management in organizations. The writing of this paper uses the method of literature review (library research). From the discussion it can be concluded that human resource management has three functions, namely managerial functions, operational functions, and functions to achieve organizational goals in an integrated manner. Meanwhile, the duties of human resource management are staff procurement, human resource development, compensation management, occupational safety and health, labor relations and industrial relations. The main objective of human resource management is to increase the contribution of human resources (employees) to the organization. It can be understood that all organizational activities in achieving its goals depend on the humans who manage the organization. Therefore, employees must be managed properly so that they can assist the organization in achieving the organizational goals that have been determined. To achieve the objectives of human resource management carried out by HR managers, line managers and outsourcing.
Keywords : human Resource Management and organization
Analisis Diversifikasi, Merger, dan Akuisisi
Authors: Warti Risma , Audina Dea Dara , Azizi  Adelia 
Published: January 2022

Diversification analysis was developed with various objectives including increasing growth when the existing market/product has reached a maturity stage, maintaining stability by spreading the risk of fluctuations in profit, increasing credibility in the capital market, to avoid dependence on a single good or product circulating in the market, fulfill the wishes of unsatisfied consumers, increase the attractiveness or interest of consumers, increase sales turnover, increase profits by using the same ingredients, and prevent consumer boredom.
Keywords: Diversification, Merger, and Acquisition.
GENDER DAN FENOMENA TERORISME PEREMPUAN
Authors: Achievinna Mirza Senathalia  , Zaitunah Subhan  , Ida Rosyidah  
Published: January 2022

Artikel ini mendiskusikan fenomena teroris perempuan dari perspektif teori gender dan femenisme. Fenomena empirik keterlibatan perempuan dalam aksi-aksi terorisme di berbagai negara, terutama di Indonesia dekade terakhir ini (2010-2020) seolah-olah menunjukkan pengakuan gender dalam aksi dan paham terorisme. Kajian artikel ini mengklaim bahwa fenomena aksi terorisme yang melibatkan perempuan tak cukup kuat dan tak logis dipandang sebagai perjuangan gender baik dari perspektif teori gender maupun sejarah femenisme. Tak ada gender dalam terorisme meski dilakukan oleh perempuan karena sifat tindakan teror yang merusak dan meresahkan. Keterlibatan perempuan dalam tindakan terorisme tetap merupakan tindakan kriminal, dan karena itu proses hukum tetap penting diupayakan oleh negara.

This article discusses the phenomenon of female terrorists from the perspective of gender theory and feminism. The empirical phenomenon of women's involvement in acts of terrorism in various countries, especially in Indonesia in the last decade (2010-2020) seems to show the recognition of gender in acts and understanding of terrorism. The study of this article claims that the phenomenon of acts of terrorism involving women is not strong enough and it is illogical to see it as a gender struggle, both from the perspective of gender theory and the history of feminism. There is no gender in terrorism even though it is carried out by women because of the destructive and disturbing nature of acts of terror. The involvement of women in acts of terrorism remains a criminal act, and therefore the legal process is still important to be pursued by the state.
ARAH DAN MODEL PEMBINAAN MUALLAF PADA ORGANISASI DEWAN DAKWAH ACEH DAN FORUM DAKWAH PERBATASAN
Authors: Juhari  
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertitik tolak dari minimnya perhatian terhadap pembinaan kaum muallaf yang diberikan oleh banyak pihak, baik bersifat individu maupun organisasi. Dalam kondisi ini dijumpai ada dua organisasi Islam, yaitu Dewan Dakwah Islam Aceh (DDA) dan Forum Dakwah Perbatasan (FDP) yang serius memberikan perhatian terhadap pembinaan Muallaf, terutama mereka yang menjadi muslim sebagai bagian dari keberhasilan dakwah FDP dan DDA. Karena itu penelitian dilakukan di kedua organisasi Islam ini dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Proses pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara,observasi dan studi dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 3 (tiga) arah pembinaan yang dilakukan, yaitu bina Agama, Bina Ekonomi dan Bina Pendidikan. Untuk melakukan pembinaan terhadap ketiga sisi tersebut, maka diperlukan model yang efektif. Berdasarkan data yang dikumpulkan menunjukkan ada 2 (dua) model pembinaan yang selama ini dilakukan banyak pihak, yaitu (1) Model Strukturalis, dan (2) model Kolaboratif. Dari kedua model ini, kolaboratif merupakan model yang dipraktikkan oleh FDP dan DDA dalam membina kaum muallaf baik melalui pendekatan personal, silaturrahmi maupun halaqah. Bila dikaitkan dengan teori Constructuralis karya Von Glasersfield maka pembinaan agama dan ekonomi dilakukan melalui proses pendidikan. Glasersfield menyimpulkan bahwa pendidikan memegang peran strategis dalam melakukan pemberdayaan masyarakat, khususnya para muallaf.

This research based on the low of attention to coaching of muallaf by many parties, both individuals and organizations. In this case, found two Islamic organizations namely Dewan Dakwah Aceh and the Forum Dakwah Perbatasan which seriously paid attention to empowering of the Muallaf, especially those who became Muslims as part of the process of their dakwah activities. Therefore the research was carried out in these two Islamic organizations with a qualitative approach. The data collection process was carried out by interviewing, observing and studying documents. The results of the research showed 3 (three) directions of coaching, namely Religious Development, Economic Development and Education Development. To do coaching on these three sides, an effective model is needed. Based on the data collected, it shows that there are 2 (two) coaching models that have been carried out by many parties, namely (1) the Structuralist Model, and (2) the Collaborative Model. Based on these models, collaborative is one of a model that is practiced by the FDP and DDA in fostering the muallaf through personal, friendship and halaqah approaches. In relation to the theory of Constructuralist by Von Glasersfield, religious and economic development is carried out through the educational process. Glasersfield concluded that education is a strategic role in empowering the community, especially the Muallaf.
Manajemen Waktu dengan Prokrastinasi Akademik Pada Mahasiswa Keperawatan
Authors: Nisa Nur Khoirun , Mukhlis Hamid , Wahyudi Dian Arif , Putri Riska Hediya 
Published: January 2022

Prokrastinasi akademik dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor diantaranya manajemen waktu, ketidakmampuan untuk berkonsentrasi dan kesadaran yang rendah, ketakutan dan kecemasan terkait dengan kegagalan seseorang, dan kurang yakin terhadap kemampuan. Faktor yang sangat mempengaruhi prokrastinasi akademik adalah manajemen waktu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara manajemen waktu dengan prokrastinsi akademik. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif. Rancangan yang diganakan cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret tahun 2019 di Unversitas Aisyah Pringsewu Lampung. Populasi adalah 73 mahasiswa semester IV dan VI, sampel yang diambil dengan tekhnik total sampling. Alat ukur berupa kuesioner yang dianalisa secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji gamma. Hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai probabilitas sebesar 0,001 (kurang dari 0,005) artinya ada hubungan anatara manajemen waktu dengan prokrastinasi akademik. Responden dengan manajemen waktu rendah terdapat 50,7persesn (37 responden) dengan prokrstinasi akademik rendah 1,36 persen (1 responden), prokrastinasi akademik sedang 10,95 persen (8 responden) dan prokrastinasi tinggi 38,35 persen (28 responden). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut bahwa manajemen waktu sangat berpengaruh terhadap prokrastinasi akademik. Jadi semakin tinggi manajemen waktu maka semakin rendah prokrastinasi akademik dan semakin rendah manajemen waktu maka semakin tinggi prokrastinasi akademik. Abstract. academic procrastination is influenced by various factors including time management, inability to concentrate and low awareness, fear and anxiety associated with someone’s failure, and not confident. The factors that influence academic procrastination is time management. The objective is research to determine the correlation between time management with academic procrastination. The type of the research is quantitative research. The research design used cross sectional. This research was conducted on March 2019 in Aisyah University of Pringsewu Lampung. The population is 73 students semester IV and VI, the sample taken with total sampling technique. The measurement is in the form of questionnaiers by analyzing univariate and bivariate with gamma analysis. The results of the research p-value 0,001 (more than 0,005) which mean there is a correlation between time management with academic procrastination. Responden with low time management 50,7 percent (37 responden) with low academic procrastination 1,36 percent (1 respondent), moderate academic procrastination 10,9 percent (8 respondent), and high academic procrastination 38,35 percent (28 respondent). Based on these results, time management is very influental on the academic procrastination. So, the higher time management, the academic procrastination is low and the lower time management, the academic procrastination is high.