bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on Vulnerability of Malnourished Children To Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Chowdhury Bidhan Roy , Das Suchanda 
Published: October 2022

Background: Knowledge of baseline risk of urinary tract infection in malnourished child can help clinicians make informed diagnostic and therapeutic decisions. To see the prevalence of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in malnourished children & compare the prevalence of UTI between malnourished and well-nourished children. As well as to study the clinical features & to see organisms responsible for UTI and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns in malnourished children. Materials and methods: This prospective comparative study was carried out among fifty hospitalized malnourished children (Case) and fifty hospitalized well-nourished children (Control) during the period of July to December 2010. The relevant information from history and physical examination were noted in a preformed standard questionnaire. Laboratory investigations and other necessary tests were done as indicated. Clean-catch midstream urine samples were collected from all studied children in sterilized test tube and sent to laboratory within one hour of collection. Results: Prevalence of UTI in malnourished children was 16 percent, which was higher than those of control (4%), which was statistically significant. The prevalence of UTI in marasmic-kwashiorkor (66.67%) was much higher than those of kwashiorkor (5.26%) and marasmus (33.33%). Age and sex of the malnourished individuals did not contribute to the prevalence of UTI. Pyuria (Pus cell > 10/HPF) alone was not found to be diagnostic but had significant correlation with the presence of UTI. Symptoms and signs of UTI in malnourished children were scanty and not adequate for clinical suspicion. Organism responsible for UTI in malnourished children were E. coli (75.%) Proteus (12.5%) and Klebsiella (12.5%) which were almost sensitive to commonly used antibiotics, except amoxycillin. Conclusions: Prevalence of UTI is significantly high among malnourished children of all categories. But symptoms and signs of UTI are non-specific and scare in malnourished children. So, all malnourished children should be routinely investigated for UTI.
JCMCTA 2018 ; 29 (1) : 57-62
Management of Diabetes Care Services
Authors: Chowdhury Sumon Rahman 
Published: October 2022

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder with short and long term consequences which requires prompt treatment sometimes even with prolonged hospitalization and increased health care costs. It is thus very important to have an effective and efficient Diabetes Multi- Specialty Health Care team to ensure early detection and prevention of complications in every Diabetes Centre. Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) is an invaluable tool that is associated with improved diabetes knowledge and self-care behavior, improved clinical outcomes such as lower HbA1C, lower self-reported weight, improved quality of life; healthy coping; and lower costs and thus needs to be implemented and educated to every patient. Moreover, the Diabetes educator also has an important role to teach about diabetes and self management so that patients can carry out their own part of the responsibility. Educators help patients reflect on their own personal situation and priorities so that they will be prepared to make informed decisions to reach their diabetes goals. Furthermore, noncompliance of treatment amongst patients and the detrimental effects of Poly pharmacy on the patient’s well-being also need to be addressed to minimize complications. Lastly, an effective patient register and recall system are crucial components of successful diabetes care within a general practice setting and a dynamic and regular process of audit is necessary to identify deficiencies and ensure improvements in practice.
JCMCTA 2018 ; 29 (1) : 68-74
Iron Deficiency Anemia as a Risk Factor For Febrile Seizure in Children
Authors: Alam Md Shah , Sultana Razia , Karim Mohammed Rezaul , Ulla AKM Zafar , Nahar Kamrun , Khan Mohammad Asif 
Published: October 2022

Background: Febrile seizures are the most common type of seizures in children. It is prevalent in children aged between 6 months and 60 months, with an incidence of 2-5%. On the other hand, iron deficiency anemia is the most common hematologic disease of infancy and childhood with a period of incidence that coincides with the time of developing febrile seizures. Therefore, it is hypothesized that there is a possible association between this two conditions. The relationship between iron deficiency anemia and febrile seizures had been examined in several studies with conflicting results. This study was designed to elucidate this association. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between Iron deficiency anemia and febrile seizures in children. Materials and methods: In this case-control study 80 children with a diagnosis of febrile seizures, aged between 6 months and 60 months who were visited Pediatric ward and Pediatric outpatient department of Chattogram Medical College Hospital, Chattogram, during June 2012 to may 2013 were enrolled as cases. The control group consisted of 80 febrile children without seizure and were matched to the cases by gender and age. Iron deficiency anemia was diagnosed by hematologic investigations of hemoglobin value <11g%, serum ferritin value <30ng/mL and RDW > 15%. Results: A total 36 out of 80(45%) seizure cases had iron deficiency anemia whereas, 08 out of 80(10%) controls were found to have iron deficiency anemia. There was statistical significance of difference observed in two groups (p<0.001). Univariate risk factor analysis for control versus case showed odds ratio 7.364 (3.138 – 17.279) (95 % CI). The mean serum ferritin level of cases and controls were 43.01±29.77 and 72.36±38.66 (ng/mL) respectively (p<0.001). The mean value of HB%, MCV, MCH, and RDW% were also found significantly lower in the cases than controls (p<0.001). Conclusion: Iron deficiency anemia was more frequent among children with febrile seizures than those with febrile illness alone. The findings of this study suggest a positive association between iron deficiency and febrile seizures in children and screening for Iron deficiency anemia should be considered in children presenting with febrile seizures.
JCMCTA 2018 ; 29 (2) : 9-15
Gender Variation of In-Hospital Outcome In Patients With Unstable Angina by Timi Risk Score
Authors: Siddique Mohammed Saleh Uddin , Das Sandipan , Uddin Mohammad Kafil , Jahangir AYM Nuruddin , Hossen Md Abul , Khan Mohammad Asif 
Published: October 2022

Background: The TIMI (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction) risk score is a seven item risk stratification tool derived from trials of patients with Unstable Angina (UA) that has been validated in Emergency Department (ED) patients with potential Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS). To evaluate frequency, outcome and correlation of the gender variation of in-hospital outcome in patients of unstable angina by TIMI risk score. Materials and methods: This was an observational study of Cardiac Care Unit (CCU) patients with unstable angina. Data included demographics, medical and cardiac history, and components of the TIMI risk score. Investigators followed the hospital course daily. The outcomes were death, Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) heart failure and arrhythmia during hospital stay as stratified by TIMI risk score and compared between genders using 2 tests. Data were analyzed by SPSS version-19. Results: In this study 62% patients were male and 38% patients were female. 55.20% female had low TIMI score whereas 16.10% male and 18.40% female had very high TIMI scores. The mortality rate was 0% in low TIMI score but the rate was increased in high TIMI score e.g. 3.30% in male patients and 2.60% in female patients with unstable angina. The rate of occuring MI, Cardiogenic shock, Heart failure is increased respectively from low to high TIMI score. In case of Arrhythmia, 17.70% male and 15.70% female had low TIMI score whereas 25.80% male and 26.30% female had high TIMI score. Conclusion: The TIMI risk score successfully stratifies risk in both males and females with UA at the time of CCU presentation; however, males have worse outcome at low TIMI scores than female.
JCMCTA 2018 ; 29 (2) : 35-40
Distribution of Pediatric Surgical Cases Over Five Years in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Laila Kamrun , Khan Mohammad Asif , Dasgupta Pritam , Ali Sytuha Binta , Hossain Kamrul 
Published: October 2022

Background: Health care providers have given their efforts to reduce the rate of child mortality and morbidity, throughout the world. But inadequate amount of knowledge about the demand of pediatric surgical care lagging us behind to achieve our goal. The study was conducted to observe the distribution of pediatric surgical cases over five years in the study site. Materials and methods: It was a descriptive type of observational study. Data was extracted from record book of surgical procedures done in Department of Pediatric Surgery, Bangabandhu Memorial Hospital (BBMH) Chattogram, over a period of 5 years, from January 2013 to December 2017. Written permission was taken from the hospital authority prior to data collection. Descriptive data analysis was done by Microsoft Excel (Version 2013). Results: Out of total 2977 cases, 10-15 years age group had a predominance of 828 cases and the least was more than 15 years age group (672 cases). A male predominance was observed, with 65% of all cases (Total- 1935 cases) while female patients comprised rest of it. Male female ratio was 1.86: 1. Over 5 years period appendicectomy (497) circumcision (530) herniotomy (425) rectal polypectomy (255) showed abundant number covering majority of the surgical procedures. On the contrary, splenectomy with cholecystectomy was the least performed surgery (5) mostly done for haemolytic disease of newborn (Thalassemia). Conclusion: To deal with huge amount of surgical patients of pediatric age group an organized effort is required to ensure proper environment and resources to facilitate optimal implementation of surgical care to the future generations of a country.
JCMCTA 2018 ; 29 (2) : 47-52
Closed Lateral Internal Anal Sphincterotomy Under Local Anesthesia for Treatment Of Chronic Anal Fissure: Our 10 Years Experience
Authors: Hoque Md Saiful , Chowdhury Tahmina Akhter , Islam Md Saiful , Azad Khondoker AK 
Published: October 2022

Background: Chronic anal fissure is one of the most frequent proctological disorders worldwide. Closed Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy (LIS) is one of the therapeutic options accepted as the treatment of choice for Chronic Anal Fissure (CAF) as it reduces the hypertonia of the internal anal sphincter, decreases anal pain, and allows the fissure to heal. LIS can be done under general anesthesia or local anesthesia. Aim of this study was to see the post operative outcome of closed LIS done under local anaesthesia. Materials and methods : This retrospective study was conducted in Department of Surgery of Chattogram Medical College hospital and some private hospitals of Chattogram city from January 2008 to December 2017. Total 550 patients of CAF who underwent closed LIS under local anesthesia were included. Atypical fissures associated with other disease were excluded. Results: The mean duration of hospital stay was 3.38 ± 1.2 hours. Sentinel skin tag was excised in 296 patients. The fissure was posterior in 73.63% patients and anterior in 7.81% patients. Recurrence was noted in 1.3% patients within four months. 63.27% patients experienced normal continence except occasional lack of fecal control postoperatively and only one patient developed gross incontinence of solid and liquid stool. Conclusion : This study concluded that closed LIS under local anaesthesia is the procedure of choice for management of CAF as it is cost effective and time saving.
JCMCTA 2018 ; 29 (2) : 53-56
Patients’ Satisfaction With Health Care Services Provided at Out Patient Department of Selected Public and Private Hospital
Authors: Deb Ajoy 
Published: October 2022

Background: Now a days, the patients are looking for hustle free and quick services in this fast growing world. In order to improve the satisfaction level of patients with health care provided at OPD, it is a requirement to have knowledge of the level of satisfaction of patients and feedback, about the services provided in the outpatient departments.The study design was conducted to assess patients satisfaction with health care services provided at outpatient department. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at outpatient department of a public hospital ie. Chattogram Medical College Hospital (CMCH) and A Private Hospital ie. Chattagram Maa Shishu-O-General Hospital (CMSOGH) Chattogram, commencing from 1st January 2011 to 30th June 2011 and sample size was 106. Convenient type of sampling technique was followed.Data was collected by using questionnaire containing structured questions. Results: The mean age of the patients was 35 years ± 6.9.In case of receiving services from these two hospitals, the highest percentage was among the age group 30-39 years which is about 36.66% and lowest among the age group 50-59 years which is about 16.98%. Maximum patients were not satisfied with the hospital environment. Regarding OPD ticket fee 86.67% patients in CMCH were satisfied whereas only 26.09% patients were satisfied in CMSOGH.54.72% patients were satisfied with sympathy and respect shown to them by doctors. Privacy during examination (71.70%) investigation from outside hospital (60.38%) and not satisfied with consent before examination (79.25%) in total of CMCH & CMSOGH patients.55.26% female patients were satisfied with attitude of the doctor whereas 51.47% male patients are satisfied. 53.57% Secondary to graduate level patients were satisfied and Illiterate to primary level group were 52.00%. Conclusion: This study on patient satisfaction with health care services provided at OPD will help the relevant policy makers and planners in making appropriate plan and policies to reduce the problems and improve their health.Moreover, the study will reveal much useful information that will help physicians in Bangladesh to be more patient friendly; the researcher thinks in a nutshell that these are the justification of the study.
JCMCTA 2018 ; 29 (2) : 57-62
Assessment of Dental Caries Prevalence Among Bangladeshi School Children
Authors: Uddin Mohammed Kamal , Uddin ABM Farid , Ahmed Sadia , Mahmud Manjur E 
Published: October 2022

Background: Dental caries or tooth decay is one of the most important health problems in human life. In addition, tooth decay is an infectious disease that affects all population Worldwide. The purpose of this study was to determine the Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index among a representative sample of 11-16 years old school children in Rangamati district, Bangladesh. Materials and methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed from 1st October to 30th November, 2016 on 146 children 11- 16 years old students who were conveniently selected from a high school in Kaptai Upazila, Rangamati District to assess the DMFT index. The DMFT index was determined using the standard method suggested by World Health Organization (WHO) and data were analyzed using SPSS software (Version 18.0) and presented as mean ± Standard Deviation (SD). Results: The prevalence of dental caries in permanent dentition was 57.53% and the highest 64.71% in 13 age group in comparison to the other ages (11, 12, 14, 15, and 16) (55.56%, 52.63%, 64.29%, 54.55% and 25.00%) respectively. The mean DMFT for the sample was 1.92 ± 2.36, while the mean DMFT for different age groups (11-16) were 1.67±2.06, 1.68±2.23, 2.45±2.66, 2.29±2.25, 1.09±1.38 and 0.25±0.50 respectively. The prevalence of dental caries was higher in female with DMFT 2.32±2.57 than in males with DMFT 1.60±2.14. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the mean DMFT scores in 11-16 years old students are lower than the global standards suggested by WHO.
JCMCTA 2018 ; 29 (2) : 63-67
Pre-diabetes: Diagnostic Criteria And Therapeutic Approach
Authors: Chowdhury Sumon Rahman 
Published: October 2022

Pre-diabetes is defined as Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG) or Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) after a standard OGTT test. It is a high risk state not only because it may lead to diabetes, but also because of the associated complications such as vascular complications, nephropathy, and neuropathy that have been reported in people with Pre-diabetes. Pathophysiology of pre-diabetes state is linked to two main factors, insulin resistance and the relative deficiency of beta cells, these two mechanisms will eventually lead to abnormal glucose level. Pre-diabetes increases the risk of both microvascular and macrovascular complications. It is also an independent risk for stroke and cardiovascular disease. Early detection of pre-diabetes by screening can help in preventing vascular complications, and helps in changing the natural history of this disease by improving the islet cell function. Lifestyle modification like weight reduction and exercise reduces the risk of T2DM whereas pharmacological treatment with Metformin, Acarbose, Voglibose and Orlistat have all demonstrated significant reductions in progression to T2DM with very few adverse effects. In this review, we shall discuss and highlight the evidences that support the benefits of early intervention in Pre-diabetes and determine the cost effectiveness of lifestyle modification and drug treatment.
JCMCTA 2018 ; 29 (2) : 68-75
Addison’s Disease : An Unusual Case Presentation
Authors: Afroz Shaikh Shirin , Alam Mohd Farhad , Chowdhury Sumon Rahman 
Published: October 2022

Addison’s disease is a rare condition withan estimated incidence in the developed world of 0.8 cases per 100,000 and a prevalence of 4 to 11 cases per 100,000 population. Never the less, it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, but once the diagnosis is made it can be easily treated. The symptoms vary in specificity from weakness, tiredness, fatigue, anorexia and gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea, vomiting, constipation, abdominal pain, and diarrhea to non-specific like salt craving, postural dizziness and muscle or joint pain. Biochemical abnormalities include hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. A definite diagnosis can be made by measuring ACTH and serum cortisol levels. We present a rare case of Addison's disease with Osteoarthritis in a 70 year old male who presented with a prolonged history of generalized joint pain with tenderness, stiffness and lack of flexibility along with nausea, vomiting, anorexia, weight loss and generalized hyperpigmentation of skin for 1 year. This is rather unique in the sense that the patients complained of the symptoms of Osteoarthritis several months prior to the diagnosis of Addison's disease and visited many specialists and primary health care providers only to be misdiagnosed. Therefore the purpose of this study is to outline the journey of this patient from the initial misdiagnosis to the eventual delayed diagnosis to the subsequent eventuality of death.
JCMCTA 2018 ; 29 (2) : 76-80
Atividade antifúngica de óleos essenciais frente a cepa de Candida albicans
Authors: Oliveira Ana Florise Morais , Silva Francisco Laurindo da , Silva Reginara Teixeira da , Morais Francilene Maria , Santos Rodolfo Ritchelle Lima dos , Silva Laudimir Leonardo Walbert Veloso da , Oliveira Jonathas Morais , Morais Cleide Coelho 
Published: October 2022

A resistência aos antifúngicos é um problema na saúde global, sendo necessário buscar alternativas de controle e tratamento. Há relatos cientificos que evidenciam o potencial de ação antigfúngica de óleos essenciais. A pesquisa teve como objetivo principal avaliar o perfil de sensibilidade da C. albicans através do uso de óleos essenciais. Tratou-se de um estudo experimental com abordagem quantitativa da ação antifúngica de óleos essenciais frente a cepa C. albicans ATCC, obtidas comercialmente. Efetuou-se a seleção dos óleos essenciais através das recomendações da Farmacopeia Brasileira. A cepa foi mantida em repiques sucessivos em meio de cultura TSA, até utilização nos testes de suscetibilidade. A atividade antifúngica dos óleos essenciais foi realizada pela técnica da difusão em ágar em poços. Constatou-se que todos os óleos essenciais conseguiram sensibilizar a cepa C. albicans. Com destaque para C. cassia com formação de halo de inibição de 40mm de diâmetro e menor potêncial ao E. globulus com halo de inibição de 12mm. O presente estudo evidenciou que os óleos essenciais testados possuem propriedades antifúngicas sobre a cepa C. albicans, entretanto, com distintos perfis de suscetibilidade. Além disso, os dados obtidos permitem expandir o conhecimento acerca dos produtos de origem vegetal com potencial antifúngico. Sugere-se que novas pesquisas devem ser realizadas nesta linha de investigação com o propósito de identificar outros óleos essencias com essa ação e seus fitoconstituintes.
Perfil da população atendida pelo consultório na rua do Recife
Authors: Rodrigues Maria Letícia de Aguiar Catão , Cardoso Yane Ferreira , Beltrão Maria Jordana Barbosa , Jordán Arturo de Pádua Walfrido , Leite Brena de Aguiar , Barbosa Leopoldo Nelson Fernandes 
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Tendo em vista a construção de políticas públicas de saúde no Brasil, ao focar em populações negligenciadas, sabe-se que a atenção a população em situação de rua ainda é incipiente. Neste sentido, o presente artigo descreve o perfil sociodemográfico e epidemiológico da população em situação de rua atendida pelo Consultório na Rua na Cidade do Recife. Métodos: Estudo descritivo transversal, quantitativo e amostra de 94 pessoas em situação de rua, utilizando questionário desenvolvido pelos pesquisadores. Para análise das variáveis numéricas contínuas, utilizou-se medidas de tendência central e suas dispersões e o teste qui-quadrado de Pearson com significância de p-value < 0,05 para as variáveis categóricas. Resultados: A maioria da amostra foi composta por homens (61,7%) e pardos (59,6%). Cerca da metade (41,5%) dos entrevistados apontaram desavenças familiares como a principal razão de estar na rua, além de uma tendência à perpetuação da situação de rua, dado o percentual de 35,1% estar nessa condição há mais de 10 anos. Identificou-se uma preferência pelo pernoite nas ruas (88,3%), assim como um percentual de 85,1% relatando ter alguma morbidade. Conclusões: O presente estudo evidencia a necessidade da concretização de políticas públicas através de uma abordagem mais justa e equânime para a população em questão.