bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of chief financial officer’s experience on the assurance of corporate social responsibility reports in China
Authors: Khalid Fahad , Naveed Khwaja , He Xingxing , Ye Chenyun 
Published: April 2022

PurposeGiven the emerging importance of the chief financial officer’s (CFO) role, this study aims to probe into the prevalence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) assurance practices in China and to examine whether or not CFO foreign, professional or academic experience affects the likelihood of CSR assurance decision.Design/methodology/approachAll A-share listed Chinese companies during the year 2008–2017 with 5,144 firm-year observations have been investigated for this study.FindingsThis study finds a positive effect of CFO foreign and professional experience on CSR assurance. No significant association has been found between the CFO’s academic experience and CSR assurance. Additional analysis for Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) sampled firms shows that the academic and professional experience of CFOs has a significant positive association with CSR assurance. However, the main findings are replicated in the case of firms under mandatory CSR reporting.Research limitations/implicationsThe limitations of this study are its generalizability, unidimensional measure of CSR assurance which is unable to capture its quality and explore the other traits of CFOs.Practical implicationsIt provides assurance practitioners with valuable longitudinal data on China’s CSR reporting and assurance services. Also, firms should recognize the importance of having competent CFOs to improve the credibility of their CSR reporting. The cross-sectional variation analysis (GRI and mandatory CSR) will help firms to assess the value of each CFO attribute for their nonfinancial reporting and auditing choices while considering internal and external stakeholder demands.Originality/valueThis study not only updates the existing understanding of CSR assurance methods in China but also explains the significance of CFO-specific experience in enhancing the credibility of nonfinancial reporting.
Functional redundancy dampens precipitation change impacts on species‐rich invertebrate communities across the Neotropics
Authors: Céréghino Régis , Trzcinski Mark Kurtis , MacDonald A. Andrew M. , Marino Nicholas A. C. , Acosta Mercado Dimaris , Leroy Céline , Corbara Bruno , Romero Gustavo Q. , Farjalla Vinicius F. , Barberis Ignacio M. , Dézerald Olivier , Hammill Edd , Atwood Trisha B. , Piccoli Gustavo C. O. , Ospina Bautista Fabiola , Carrias Jean‐François , Leal Juliana S. , Montero Guillermo , Antiqueira Pablo A. P. , Freire Rodrigo , Realpe Emilio , Amundrud Sarah L. , de Omena Paula M. , Campos Alice B. A. , Srivastava Diane S. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Animal community responses to extreme climate events can be predicted from the functional traits represented within communities. However, it is unclear whether geographic variation in the response of functional community structure to climate change is primarily driven by physiological matching to local conditions (local adaptation hypothesis) or by differences between species pools in functional redundancy (insurance hypothesis).

We conducted a coordinated experiment to understand how aquatic invertebrate traits mediate the responses of multitrophic communities to changes in the quantity and evenness of rainfall in 180 natural freshwater microcosms (tank bromeliads) distributed across six sites from 18°N in the Caribbean to 29°S in South America. At each site, we manipulated the mean and dispersion of the daily amount of rainfall that entered tank bromeliads over a 2‐month period. Manipulations covered a response surface representing 50% to 200% of the dispersion of daily rainfall crossed with 10% to 300% of the mean amounts of rainfall.

The response of functional community structure to precipitation regimes differed across sites. These geographic differences were not consistent with the local adaptation hypothesis, as responses did not correlate with the current amplitude in precipitation. Geographic differences in community responses were consistent with the insurance hypothesis: sites with the lowest functional redundancy in their species pools had the strongest response to a gradient in hydrological variability induced by uneven precipitation. In such sites, an increase in the hydrologic variability induced a shift from communities with both pelagic and benthic traits using both green and brown energy channels to strictly benthic, brown energy communities.

Our results predict uneven impacts of precipitation change on community structure and energy channels within communities across Neotropical regions. This geographic variation is due more to differences in the size and redundancy of species pools than to local adaptation. Strategies for climate change adaptation should thus seek to identify and preserve functionally unique species and their habitats.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Kelp habitat fragmentation reduces resistance to overgrazing, invasion and collapse to turf dominance
Authors: Reeves Simon E. , Kriegisch Nina , Johnson Craig R. , Ling Scott D. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Across many temperate coastlines worldwide, kelp habitat has degraded to be replaced by alternative reef‐states with consequences to ecosystem functioning. Identifying both causes of decline and mechanisms of resilience of remnant kelp habitat is critical for managing and restoring these ecosystems.

We use a combination of aerial imagery and field experiments to reveal dynamics of kelp habitat fragmentation during phase‐shift from kelp Ecklonia radiata to overgrazed sea urchin barrens Heliocidaris erythrogramma in Port Phillip bay (Australia).

Analysis of aerial images spanning 6 years (2009–2014) revealed fragmentation of kelp patches to result in increase in perimeter‐to‐area ratio during phase‐shift.

Sea urchin foraging behaviour also changed from the edge to interior of kelp patches, with destructive grazing at the patch edge. Multiple modes of grazing were observed, with greatest rates of kelp bed decline occurring when urchins simultaneously grazed from the ‘outside‐in’ and ‘inside‐out’ of kelp patches. Overgrazing also triggered establishment of invasive kelp Undaria pinnatifida and proliferation of turf algae. Overgrazing reinforced native kelp decline, with overgrazing exacerbated by reduced provision of drift‐kelp.

Synthesis and applications. Perimeter–area ratio of kelp patches can predict phase‐shift, with patch extinction occurring when ratios exceeded a critical ratio of ~0.7. Monitoring dynamics of this critical ratio using aerial imagery provides a novel and cost‐effective indicator of kelp ecosystem resilience for preventing further losses. Targeted culling/harvesting of overgrazing sea urchins along patch edges will enhance native kelp survival and decrease perimeter‐to‐area ratio of remnant kelp patches; reducing risk of phase‐shift to sediment‐trapping turfs and invasive kelp, dually promoting recovery of kelp ecosystems.
Documentation of paediatric head injuries in a mixed metropolitan emergency department
Authors: Lee Sean Shi‐Jie , Manivel Vijay , Vignakaran Suganya , Hochholzer Karina , De Alwis Chamila , Espinoza David , Teo Stephen Sze Shing 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveHead injuries are a common presentation of children to Australian EDs. Healthcare documentation is an important tool for enhancing patient care. In our study, we aimed to assess the adequacy of paediatric head injury documentation in a mixed ED.MethodsA retrospective analysis of presentations to a mixed ED between 2017 and 2018. Children aged <16 years old with a primary diagnosis of head injury were included. Documentation items based on local head injury guidelines were assessed in both medical and nursing documentation. We compared cases aged <1 and ≥1 year.ResultsThere were 427 presentations that met the case definition. Medical documentation was present in 422 cases and nursing documentation in 310 cases. In combined medical and nursing documentation, items poorly documented include blood pressure (BP; 21.3%) and secondary survey (16.9%). In solely medical documentation, least commonly documented items are high‐risk bony injuries (22.5%), high‐risk soft tissue injuries (22.3%), seizure (22.0%) and non‐accidental injury (3.6%). Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was poorly documented in cases aged <1 year (10.9%, P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe largest gaps in the documentation of paediatric head injuries were BP and paediatric GCS in infants. Future audits and educational strategies should focus on targeting clinically relevant items that are predictive of serious outcomes.
Integrative analysis of circRNAs from Yangtze River Delta white goat neck skin tissue by high‐throughput sequencing (circRNA‐seq)
Authors: Wang Jian , Wu Xi , Kang Yan , Zhang Liuming , Niu Haoyuan , Qu Jingwen , Wang Yanhu , Ji Dejun , Li Yongjun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Yangtze River Delta white goat is a unique goat species that can produce superior‐quality brush hair. The formation of this brush hair is controlled by a series of critical genes and related signaling pathways. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), are ubiquitous endogenous non‐coding RNAs that regulate many biological and physiological processes in mammals. However, little is known about the potential regulatory role of circRNAs on superior‐quality brush hair formation in Yangtze River Delta white goat. In this study, high‐throughput sequencing technology was used to only detect circRNAs in the neck skin tissue of normal‐quality goats (NHQs) and superior‐quality goats (HQs). A total of 61 803 circRNAs were identified and 32 of them were differentially expressed in the NHQ group vs. the HQ group. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the source gene of differentially expressed circRNAs (DE‐circRNAs) was enriched mostly in platelet activation and the focal adhesion signal pathway. Action mechanism analysis revealed that DE‐circRNAs could sponge to many identified miRNAs, including miR‐31, miR‐125b, miR‐let‐7a and miR‐149‐5p, which have important roles in goat hair follicle stem cell growth, hair follicle development and morphogenesis. Altogether, our findings provide a valuable basis for studying circRNAs involved in superior‐quality brush hair traits and meanwhile advance our understanding of circRNA complex regulation mechanisms in Yangtze River Delta white goat skin hair follicle development.
Impact of the Heartfulness program on loneliness in high schoolers: Randomized survey study
Authors: Iyer Ranjani B. , Vadlapudi Sumedha , Iyer Lina , Kumar Vetriliaa , Iyer Laya , Sriram Priya , Tandon Roma , Morel Yumeris , Kunamneni Hymavathi , Narayanan Smriti , Ganti Aditi , Sriram Sidhya , Tandon Reena , Sreenivasan Siddharth , Vijayan Sharanya , Iyer Priya 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHigh levels of loneliness are prominent in teenagers ranging from ages 14–19. The 4‐week Self‐Care program, offered by the Heartfulness Institute, is designed to develop social–emotional skills and self‐observation. This study examined the impact of the Self‐Care program on loneliness in high school students in the United States in a randomized, wait‐list control trial with baseline and postintervention assessments. High school participants, aged 14–19, were randomized into a control‐wait‐listed group (n = 54) and a Heartfulness group (n = 54). Both the groups completed the intervention and the presurveys and postsurveys online, assessing their loneliness with the UCLA Loneliness Scale. The initial analysis noted the baseline equivalence of the data. A repeated measures ANOVA found a significant time * group interaction, with a significant decrease in loneliness reported in the Heartfulness Intervention group but no significant pre–post difference in the control group. In summary, the short online intervention program consisting of self‐care tools decreased loneliness scores in the participants. This study opens up a new valley of possibilities, apart from existing research, and demonstrates that the online intervention used might be helpful to decrease loneliness levels in teens.
Employees' fear at work, job crafting, and work engagement on a daily basis: The case for fear of COVID‐19
Authors: Zampetakis Leonidas A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn the present study, we seek to understand how public sector employees that go to work to perform essential duties for the society and the economy cope with the fear of COVID‐19 and maintain their motivation, energy, and enthusiasm for their work. We hypothesized that because employees are motivated to protect their health, an increase in daily fear of COVID‐19 would be related to a daily increase in coping behaviors in the form of job crafting, which would consequently be related to employees' daily motivation. Data were based on 64 tenured employees working in public service organizations during the third wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic (March 2021), who completed a quantitative diary for five consecutive workdays (N = 320 occasions). Results from multilevel analysis indicated that fear of COVID‐19 had an indirect effect on work engagement through only one dimension of job crafting, seeking job resources. The study contributes to the ongoing theoretical extension of the beneficial role of job crafting by suggesting seeking social resources as an effective coping strategy for fear of COVID‐19.
Vedolizumab treatment persistence and safety in a 2‐year data analysis of an extended access programme
Authors: Danese Silvio , Subramaniam Kavitha , Van Zyl Jan , Adsul Shashi , Lindner Dirk , Roth Jeannine , Vermeire Séverine 
Published: April 2022

SummaryBackgroundVedolizumab was shown to be effective and safe for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD) in the GEMINI phase 3 and long‐term safety (LTS) studies.AimTo report treatment persistence and safety results up to 2 years after enrolment in the vedolizumab extended access programme (XAP)MethodsVedolizumab XAP is a phase 3b/4, prospective, open‐label, multinational, interventional study. At rollover from GEMINI LTS, patients who were experiencing continued clinical benefit with vedolizumab received reduced dosing frequency from every 4 weeks (Q4W) to every 8 weeks (Q8W). Patient persistence on Q8W dosing, incidence of relapse, and safety 2 years after enrolment were investigated.ResultsWe enrolled 311 patients (142 UC and 169 CD). At baseline, 93.7% (UC) and 89.3% (CD) of patients were in clinical remission; 93.0% (UC) and 84.6% (CD) reduced dosing frequency to Q8W at enrolment. Of those who reduced dosing frequency to Q8W at enrolment, 93.9% (UC) and 91.6% (CD) remained on Q8W dosing; 6.1% (UC) and 8.4% (CD) re‐escalated to Q4W dosing. Relapse was reported in 9.1% (UC) and 14.0% (CD) of patients who reduced dosing to Q8W. Adverse events related to vedolizumab were infrequent; no new events were reported.ConclusionWe observed high patient persistence on vedolizumab Q8W in the first 2 years after the reduction of dosing frequency in the XAP along with low rates of Q4W dose re‐escalation and relapse. The safety profile was consistent with previous reports.ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02743806.
Combination of fibrates with obeticholic acid is able to normalise biochemical liver tests in patients with difficult‐to‐treat primary biliary cholangitis
Authors: Soret Pierre‐Antoine , Lam Laurent , Carrat Fabrice , Smets Lena , Berg Thomas , Carbone Marco , Invernizzi Pietro , Leroy Vincent , Trivedi Palak , Cazzagon Nora , Weiler‐Normann Christina , Alric Laurent , Rosa‐Hezode Isabelle , Heurgué Alexandra , Cervoni Jean‐Paul , Dumortier Jérôme , Potier Pascal , Roux Olivier , Silvain Christine , Bureau Christophe , Anty Rodolphe , Larrey Dominique , Levy Cynthia , Pares Albert , Schramm Christoph , Nevens Frederik , Chazouillères Olivier , Corpechot Christophe 
Published: April 2022

SummaryBackgroundObeticholic acid (OCA) and fibrates are second‐line therapies for patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) with an inadequate response to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA).AimTo know whether OCA and fibrates, administered together in combination with UDCA, have additive beneficial effects in patients with difficult‐to‐treat PBC.MethodsPBC patients treated for ≥3 months with UDCA, OCA and fibrates (bezafibrate or fenofibrate) due to failure of either second‐line therapy were included in a multicentre, uncontrolled retrospective cohort study. Changes in biochemical liver tests and pruritus were analysed using a generalised linear mixed‐effect model.ResultsAmong 58 patients included, half received OCA as second‐line and fibrates as third‐line therapy (Group OCA‐Fibrate), while the other half had the inverse therapeutic sequence (Group Fibrate‐OCA). The mean duration of triple therapy was 11 months (range 3‐26). Compared to dual therapy, triple therapy was associated with a significant gain in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) reduction: 22% per first year (95% CI 12%‐31%), an effect that was stronger in OCA‐Fibrate than in Fibrate‐OCA group. Triple therapy was associated with a 3.4 (95% CI 1.4‐8.2) odds ratio (OR) of reaching normal ALP and with a significant decrease in gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin. The ORs of achieving the Paris‐2 and Toronto criteria of adequate biochemical response were 6.8 (95% CI 2.8‐16.7) and 9.2 (95% CI 3.4‐25.1) respectively. Finally, triple therapy significantly improved pruritus in OCA‐Fibrate but not in Fibrate‐OCA group.ConclusionsTriple therapy with UDCA, OCA and fibrates is able to normalise biochemical liver tests and improve pruritus in patients with difficult‐to‐treat PBC.
“… because I'm so drunk at the time, the last thing I'm going to think about is calories”: Strengthening the argument for Drunkorexia as a food and alcohol disturbance, evidence from a qualitative study
Authors: Vogt Katharina Sophie , Harper Michela , Griffin Bethany Leigh 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesDrunkorexia are inappropriate compensatory behaviours in response to alcohol consumption (restricting food intake, excessive exercise, and purging). Past (predominantly quantitative) research shows that Drunkorexia is prevalent in 18–26‐year‐olds, and has significant negative health‐related consequences. There is a debate whether Drunkorexia constitutes an eating or substance disorder, or a Food and Alcohol Disturbance (FAD). To further explore this, and understand underlying motivators, this study utilized qualitative methods.DesignQualitative interviews with ten participants (aged 18–26).MethodsInterviews were analysed with Thematic Analysis.ResultsThree themes were developed: (1) Appearance concerns as motivators, (2) Drunkorexia behaviours to get value for money, and (3) “It’s just a pattern… something I’ve always done”: Drunkorexia as a routine. Results show that Drunkorexia is driven by appearance‐related concerns, such as, wanting to look better/slimmer, engaged in, in relation to an event, such as going out drinking, and carried out despite negative health‐related consequences. However, disregard for compensatory behaviours once drunk was also described, culminating in the consumption of high‐calorie food. This suggests that Drunkorexia is not a persistent pattern of maladaptive behaviour as found in eating or substance use disorders. Wanting value for money (i.e., feeling the maximum intoxication) was described as another reason for Drunkorexia engagement; thus showing that participants consider compensatory behaviours part of their routine of going out drinking.ConclusionsThese result support the view of Drunkorexia as a FAD, rather than an eating or substance use disorder, and show that 18–26‐year‐olds are an at‐risk group for Drunkorexia and its negative health‐related consequences.
Pharmacogenetic testing among patients with depression in a US managed care population
Authors: Anderson Heather D. , Thant Thida M. , Kao David P. , Crooks Kristy R. , Mendola Nicholas D. , Aquilante Christina L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractActionable drug–gene pairs relevant to depression treatment include CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 with specific antidepressants. While clinical use of pharmacogenetic testing is growing, little is known about pharmacogenetic testing for depression treatment in managed care. We determined the incidence of single‐gene CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 testing following a new depression episode among US managed care patients, and described characteristics and antidepressant use of patients receiving tests. We used paid medical and pharmacy claims for patients from commercial health plans in the US. For adult patients with a new depression episode from January 1, 2013 to June 30, 2018, we identified covered claims for single‐gene CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 pharmacogenetic tests and antidepressant fills. Fewer than 1% (n = 1795) of the depressed cohort (n = 438,534) received a single‐gene CYP2D6 or CYP2C19 test through their insurance within 365 days of their earliest depression episode. The percentage of patients who received a test nearly tripled from 0.2% in 2013 to 0.5% in 2014 before plateauing at 0.4% from 2014 to 2017. Among the patients who received a single‐gene CYP2D6 or CYP2C19 test and filled an antidepressant within 365 days of their depression diagnosis, up to 30% may have had their initial antidepressant informed by the test result. Our findings describe the use of antidepressants before and after pharmacogenetic testing, which is clinically relevant as pharmacogenomic testing becomes more common in clinical practice. Our study also emphasizes the need for procedure and billing codes that capture multiple‐gene panel tests to be more widely implemented in administrative databases.
Young people with prior health service contacts have increased risk of repeated alcohol‐related harm hospitalisations
Authors: Sims Scott A. , Pereira Gavin , Preen David , Fatovich Daniel , O'Donnell Melissa 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionAfter a first alcohol‐related hospitalisation in youth, subsequent hospitalisations may demonstrate an increased risk of further alcohol‐related hospitalisations, but there is no existing data on this.MethodsA retrospective longitudinal study between July 1992 and June 2017 using linked hospital administrative data identified 23 464 Western Australian young people [9009 (38.4%) females and 14 455 (61.6%) males], aged 12–24 years hospitalised for at least one alcohol‐related harm (ARH) episode of care. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) between risk factors and repeated alcohol‐related hospitalisation after the first discharge for ARH.ResultsOf those admitted for an alcohol‐related hospitalisation (n = 23 464), 21% (n = 4996) were readmitted for ARH. This high‐risk sub‐group comprised 46% (n = 16 017) of the total alcohol‐related admissions (n = 34 485). After the first discharge for ARH, 16% (804) of people who experienced an alcohol‐related readmission were readmitted within 1 month, and 51.8% (2589) were readmitted within 12 months. At increased risk of readmission were Aboriginal people and those with prior health service contacts occurring before their first alcohol‐related hospitalisation, including illicit drug hospitalisations, mental health contacts and, in a sub‐analysis, emergency department presentations.Discussion and ConclusionsThe probability of a repeated ARH hospitalisation was highest in the first month after initial discharge. There is a high‐risk sub‐group of young people more likely to have a repeat ARH hospitalisation. This represents an opportunity to provide interventions to those most at risk of repeated ARH.