bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTASI PELAKSANAAN E-LEARNING DI ERA PANDEMIC COVID-19 (Studi Pada Prodi PG PAUD Universitas Bengkulu)
Authors: Ramadhana Rijki Agung 
Published: September 2022

This study aims to describe the implementation of e-learning in the PG PAUD Study Program, Bengkulu University. The method used is descriptive qualitative. The informants in this study were 8 people involved in the implementation of e-learning. Techniques of collecting data by interview, observation, documentation. Based on the field findings, it can be results are: (1) The PG PAUD Study Program has prepared a policy foundation in the form of an e-learning implementation mechanism, with training. (2) Planning e-learning refers to what has been compiled from the syllabus. (3) The implementation of e-learning students can integrate learning with the implementation of e-learning. (4) Evaluation of e-learning is combined with academic information, evaluation, communication, discussion until the implementation runs well. (5) There are supporting factors such as: network, and inhibiting factors such as: signal, and internet pulse.
PENERAPAN METODE STORYTELLING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERCAYA DIRI DAN KEMAMPUAN BERBICARA SISWA (Studi Pada Kelas X Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Inggris di SMA Negeri 1 Pagar Alam)
Authors: Febrina Adela 
Published: September 2022

The aims of this study to: (1) Describe the application of Storytelling method to improve students’ self confidence in SMA Negeri 1 Pagar Alam, (2) Describe the application of Storytelling method can improve students’ speaking skill at SMA Negeri 1 Pagar Alam. The subjects of this study are students of X Social 4 class SMAN 1 Pagaralam. This study was conducted in two cycles by following the procedure of Classroom Action Research, i,e. Planning, Implementing, Observing and Reflecting. Each cycle of the study has two meetings and one test. The data of this study were obtained by using test to measure speaking skill. And Observation sheets to measure students’ self confidence. This research was conducted in class X Social 4 as a PTK class. This study produces conclusions: (1) the application of storytelling method can improve students’ self confidence, (2) the application of storytelling method can improve students’ achievement in speaking, (3) the application of storytelling method effectively increases students’ ability in speaking and their self confidence
PENERAPAN MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KERJASAMA DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR (Studi Pada Mata Pelajaran Biologi Siswa Kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 3 Pagar Alam)
Authors: Pertiwi Siti Gadis 
Published: September 2022

This research aims to describe the application of the Discovery Learming Model to improve cooperation and student achievement in Biology subjects in class XI IPA SMA Negeri 3 Pagaralam This research was conducted using Classroom Action Research (CAR) and quasi-experimental. Data collection methods in this study used observation sheets to measure the learning process and student cooperation and to measure student achievement using tests. CAR was carried out in class XI IPA. Experiments in class XI IPA.4 and Control in class XI IPA.1. Data analysis for CAR uses the t test. Meanwhile, for quasi experiments using the normality test, homogeneity, and t test. The results show that the application of the Discovery Leaming model can improve cooperation and si's learning achievement self as seen from the teacher's ability to implement the learning model, namely in the first cycle it was in the poor category, in the second cycle it was good, and in the third cycle it was very good. Student collaboration data showed an increase, namely in the first cycle the category was poor, in the second cycle the category was good, and in the third cycle it was categorized as very good. The achievement value in the first cycle is 61.69, the second cycle is 71.96 and the third cycle is 83.62. The post-test scores for cycles I and II have not yet achieved classical completeness because s is 85% and cycle III has reached classical completeness 85%. This study resulted in the conclusion that the application of the Discovery Leaming model can improve cooperation and student achievement in Biology subjects
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROJECT CITIZEN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR
Authors: Astuti Hera , Sahono Bambang 
Published: September 2022

This study aims to describe the application of the project citizen learning model the effectiveness of the project citizen learning model to improve critical thinking skills and learning achievement in Civics class XI SMA Negeri 1 Kikim Timur subjects. The research method used was Classroom Action Research (CAR) and quasi-experimental. The subjects of this study were class XI students of SMA Negeri 1 Kikim Timur in the second semester of the 2020/2021 academic year. The number of students for the PTK class was 30 people, for the experimental class there were 30 people, and for the control class there were 30 people. Methods of data collection in this study using the observation sheet project citizen learning model, the observation sheet for critical thinking skills and test learning outcomes. The data analysis used the average score and tests which consisted of a different test between cycles and an unrelated two-sample difference test. The results showed that the application of the project citizen learning model can improve critical thinking skills, learning achievement and effectively improve student learning outcomes in Civics class XI SMA Negeri 1 Kikim Timur.
‘I Became Much Wiser over Time’: Readers’ Use of Innocence and Wisdom as Age Norms in Responses to Children’s Literature
Authors: Duthoy Leander 
Published: September 2022

Age norms are the social norms that, within a specific socio-cultural environment, operate as the expectations about the appearance and behaviour of members of various age groups (Radl 758). In addition, age is ‘relational’ (Pickard 203), meaning that age groups are defined in relation to other age groups. In that context, children are often described as ‘innocent and inexperienced’ (Nodelman 157) and adults as wise (Woodward 187). However, scholars have also criticised childhood innocence and adult wisdom as problematic generalisations (Kitzinger 79; Woodward 206).In this article I discuss how child and adult readers of children’s literature use innocence and wisdom as age norms to reflect both on their own age and the age of characters. Data was gathered through fifty-seven one-on-one interviews and four focus-group conversations with readers aged nine to seventy-five, based on two Dutch language children’s books: Iep! (1996), written by Joke van Leeuwen, and Voor altijd samen, amen (1999), written by Guus Kuijer.Young readers demonstrated an awareness of adult discourse surrounding child innocence, which some adopted without criticism, while others admitted to ‘performing’ innocence to escape adult ire. Furthermore, these same young readers also used innocence to ‘age’ young characters. For late adolescent and early adult readers, both young and old characters were sometimes deemed innocent. In contrast, older readers emphasised their own wisdom and reflected on the age of characters through that lens. Wisdom therefore emerged as a key age norm older readers used not only to praise older characters, but also to give positive meaning to their own experience of older adulthood. Notably, some characters that were perceived as especially wise by older readers were thought of as naïve and innocent by younger readers. Thus, the complexity of the readers’ responses challenged straightforward age-bound generalisations of wisdom and innocence.
Living Film Histories: Researching at the Bill Douglas Cinema Museum
Authors: Wickham Phil , Hanson Helen 
Published: September 2022

The Bill Douglas Cinema Museum at the University of Exeter is both a public museum and a research and teaching resource originally based on the collection put together by film-maker Bill Douglas and his friend Peter Jewell. Augmented constantly with new donations, it now holds over 85,000 items. In this article we will demonstrate how the range and depth of the museum’s collections on moving image history create a ‘people’s history’ of the medium. Despite the variety of the holdings, the museum has a coherence for researchers, allowing scholars to evidence continuities as well as changes across the history which it charts. We will show how this works in three distinct ways. Firstly we will consider how research on the everyday ephemera of cinema, and the optical media that preceded it, which forms much of the collection, such as programmes, publicity material or merchandise, can illuminate our understanding of film history as it is lived: what Raymond Williams saw as ‘the structures of feeling’ underpinning popular culture. Second, we will draw on examples from the stipend scheme that we operate, whereby awards enable researchers from around the world to explore our holdings in order to discover new paths through this history. How has material found within collections complicated research questions or allowed scholars to make connections between the past and the present? Lastly, we will explore how artefacts gain meanings from the processes of their curation. Here we will analyse the curatorial practices of students at the University of Exeter.
Outcomes and occurrence of post-operative pulmonary hypertension crisis after late referral truncus arteriosus repair
Authors: Zhu Yifan , Jiang Qi , Zhang Wen , Hu Renjie , Dong Wei , Zhang Hao , Zhang Haibo 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundTruncus arteriosus (TA) is a rare congenital heart disease with a high rate of early mortality. The occurrence of post-operative pulmonary hypertension crisis (PHC), known to be a common and life-threatening complication, increases due to the irreversible development of pulmonary vascular resistance with age. We sought to figure out the risk factors for PHC and describe the surgical outcomes of TA patients with late referral (repair &lt;1 month excluded).Materials and methodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients after TA repair between 2009 and 2021 at Shanghai Children’s Medical Center. The occurrence of PHC was defined according to post-operative Pp/Ps ≥ 1 and clinical manifestations. Risk factors for PHC and mortality were conducted by multivariable analysis.ResultsA total of 98 patients were treated, including 55 males and 43 females. The median age at repair was 121 (69, 245) days. Post-operative PHC occurred in 22 (22.4%) patients with a median age of 186 (122, 293) days. By multivariable analysis, patients with the sum of Z-score of pre-operative bilateral pulmonary artery (PA) diameters (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.2–2.3, P = 0.01) was more likely to experience PHC. Longer CPB duration contributed to early death (OR: 1.0, 95% CI: 1.0–1.0, P = 0.01). Total survival at 10 years was 81.4%. In 4.5 (2.9, 7.5) years of follow-up, twenty-six patients received 30 reinterventions. Valved reconstruction of RVOT most predicted reinterventions (OR: 4.2, 95% CI: 1.4–13.0, P = 0.01).ConclusionSurgical repair of TA patients with late referral has resulted in comparatively favorable early and mid-term outcomes. PHC occurred more commonly in patients with overextended bilateral PA pre-operatively. Meanwhile, valved reconstruction of RVOT would more likely lead to early reintervention.
Study on improving the gas extraction efficiency by deep-hole pre-split blasting in Wulunshan Coal Mine, Guizhou
Authors: Yang Junwei , Zheng Xigui , Liu Chengwei , Zhai Wenjie , Liu Hongyang , Zhang Peng 
Published: September 2022

Due to the low permeability of the coal seam and the low gas extraction rate in conventional boreholes in the Wulunshan Coal Mine in Guizhou, in this study, the deep-hole pre-split blasting method is applied to study the improvement of the gas extraction efficiency by increasing the permeability of the coal seam. The study comprehensively expounds the process in which the deep-hole pre-split blasting method is applied to improve the gas extraction efficiency and proposes a numerical simulation method that combines ANSYS/LS-DYNA and COMSOL Multiphysics. Using the method, the initiation of blasting fracture channels and the subsequent influence on the gas extraction range have been comprehensively and directly researched and analyzed. Finally, some theoretical research has been verified by field experiments. According to the recorded simulation of the Wulunshan Coal Mine, the exposed area of the blasting borehole was 42 times the size of the conventional drilling borehole, and the pressure relief space was 1,050 times that of the conventional drilling borehole, which can connect about 32 m3 of coal. Compared with conventional drilling boreholes, in the process of gas extraction, the control range of the controlled pressure reduction was 4–7 times, the range of gas pressure reaching the standard was 25 times, and the peak pressure was reduced by 3–5 times. The average gas concentration was 1.85 times that of conventional boreholes, and the cumulative gas extraction volume of blasting boreholes was 4.48 times that of conventional boreholes. The research results prove that the application of blasting and permeability enhancement in the coal seam with a high gas content and low permeability can effectively improve the gas extraction efficiency in the Wulunshan Coal Mine in Guizhou.
The clinical value of indirect immunofluorescence for screening anti-rods and rings antibodies: A retrospective study of two centers in China
Authors: Meng Jingjing , Yang Guoxiang , Li Siting , Luo Yueming , Bai Yina , Deng Chuiwen , Song Ning , Li Mengtao , Zeng Xiaofeng , Hu Chaojun 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the distribution and clinical significance of the rods and rings (RR) pattern in various diseases.MethodsA total of 169,891 patients in Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) and 29,458 patients in Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital (IMPH) from January 2018 to December 2020 were included, and the results of ANA (antinuclear antibodies) and special antibodies were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsThe positive rates of ANA and RR patterns were 34.84%, 0.16% in PUMCH, and 44.73%, 0.23% in IMPH. Anti-RR antibodies mainly appear in adults (≥ 41 years), mostly of low or medium fluorescence titers. Isolated RR patterns were mostly presented (60.30% and 69.12%, respectively), and the RR pattern mixed with the speckled pattern was most commonly observed among patients having two or more patterns. The RR pattern existed in a variety of diseases including hepatitis C, AIDs, pulmonary diseases, nephropathy diseases, and even healthy people. The highest prevalence of the RR pattern was observed in hepatic diseases, such as hepatic dysfunction (0.79%), hepatic cirrhosis (1.05%), PBC (0.85%), and AIH (0.65%), etc. The positive rate of specific antibodies in RR pattern cases was 31.25%, and anti-Ro52 (27, 20.61%) was the most common target antibody.ConclusionThe RR pattern had a low prevalence in ANAs test samples and varied in different nationalities and regions. Except for hepatitis C, it could be observed in AIDs, pulmonary diseases, nephropathy, other hepatic diseases, and even healthy people, but the positive rate was slightly higher in hepatic diseases. Its mechanism of action and clinical relevance still need clarification.
Cannabinoid receptor-2 attenuates neuroinflammation by promoting autophagy-mediated degradation of the NLRP3 inflammasome post spinal cord injury
Authors: Jiang Fan , Xia Mingjie , Zhang Yanan , Chang Jie , Cao Jiang , Zhang Zhongkai , Qian Zhanyang , Yang Lei 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundNeuroinflammation following spinal cord injury (SCI) results in prolonged neurological damage and locomotor dysfunction. Polarization of microglia is vital to regulation of neuroinflammation, although the underlying mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. Endocannabinoid receptor subtype 2 (CB2R) is reported to ameliorate neurodegeneration via immunomodulation activities. However, the underlying machinery in the context of SCI remains unclear.MethodsA lipopolysaccharide-induced microglia inflammation model and a mouse model of SCI were employed to investigate the regulatory role of CB2R in the polarization of microglia in response to excess neuroinflammation. Markers of inflammation and autophagy were measured by Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Histological staining with hematoxylin and eosin, Nissl, and Luxol® fast blue was conducted using commercial kits. The locomotor function of the hindlimbs of the experimental mice was evaluated with the Basso Mouse Scale, Louisville Swim Scale, and footprint assay.ResultsThe results showed that CB2R promoted M2 differentiation, increased interleukin (IL)-10 expression, and inhibited M1 differentiation with decreased expression of IL-1β and IL-6. CB2R activation also increased ubiquitination of the NLRP3 inflammasome and interacted with the autophagy-related proteins p62 and microtubule-associated proteins 1B light chain 3. Treatment with the CB2R activator JWH-133 reduced loss of myelin, apoptosis of neurons, and glial scarring, leading to improved functional recovery of the hindlimbs, while the CB2R antagonist AM630 produced opposite results.ConclusionTaken together, these results suggested that CB2R activation attenuated neuroinflammation targeting microglial polarization by promoting NLRP3 clearance, thereby facilitating functional recovery post-SCI.
The ileal fungal microbiota is altered in Crohn's disease and is associated with the disease course
Authors: Olaisen Maya , Richard Mathias L. , Beisvåg Vidar , Granlund Atle van Beelen , Røyset Elin S. , Rué Olivier , Martinsen Tom Christian , Sandvik Arne Kristian , Sokol Harry , Fossmark Reidar 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionFungal microbiota's involvement in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD) is incompletely understood. The terminal ileum is a predilection site both for primary involvement and recurrences of CD. We, therefore, assessed the mucosa-associated mycobiota in the inflamed and non-inflamed ileum in patients with CD.MethodsThe mucosa-associated mycobiota was assessed by ITS2 sequencing in a total of 168 biopsies sampled 5 and 15 cm proximal of the ileocecal valve or ileocolic anastomosis in 44 CD patients and 40 healthy controls (HC). CD patients with terminal ileitis, with endoscopic inflammation at 5 cm and normal mucosa at 15 cm and no history of upper CD involvement, were analyzed separately. The need for additional CD treatment the year following biopsy collection was recorded.ResultsCD patients had reduced mycobiota evenness, increased Basidiomycota/Ascomycota ratio, and reduced abundance of Chytridiomycota compared to HC. The mycobiota of CD patients were characterized by an expansion of Malassezia and a depletion of Saccharomyces, along with increased abundances of Candida albicans and Malassezia restricta. Malassezia was associated with the need for treatment escalation during follow-up. Current anti-TNF treatment was associated with lower abundances of Basidiomycota. The alpha diversity of the inflamed and proximal non-inflamed mucosa within the same patients was similar. However, the inflamed mucosa had a more dysbiotic composition with increased abundances of Candida sake and reduced abundances of Exophiala equina and Debaryomyces hansenii.ConclusionsThe ileal mucosa-associated mycobiota in CD patients is altered compared to HC. The mycobiota in the inflamed and proximal non-inflamed ileum within the same patients harbor structural differences which may play a role in the CD pathogenesis. Increased abundance of Malassezia was associated with an unfavorable disease course.
Evaluation of multiple consensus criteria for autoimmune encephalitis and temporal analysis of symptoms in a pediatric encephalitis cohort
Authors: Pointon Tiffany , Ward Ryan , Yeshokumar Anusha , Piquet Amanda , Schreiner Teri , Kammeyer Ryan 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of current criteria for the diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) and the temporal onset of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NP) in a pediatric encephalitis cohort.BackgroundMultiple criteria for AE have been developed, including the Graus and pediatric-focused Cellucci consensus criteria, and the Determining Etiology in Encephalitis (DEE) score for patients with encephalitis. Early identification and treatment of AE is crucial to improve outcomes, but this can be difficult given the frequent overlap of clinical presentation between AE and infectious encephalitis (IE).Design/methodsA retrospective review was conducted of patients seen at our institution from 2000 to 2021 with a final diagnosis of AE or IE. These were narrowed through multiple exclusions to etiology-confirmed IE or antibody-positive/negative AE. Time of onset or results of all symptoms and diagnostics were recorded. Sensitivity and specificity of each criterion under various clinical scenarios were calculated over the first month after initial NP symptom onset.ResultsA total of 23 antibody-positive AE, 9 antibody-negative AE and 23 IE patients were included in final analysis. Under an idealized scenario with rapid initial diagnostic evaluations, the sensitivity for pediatric AE by day 28 after onset of NP symptoms approached 90% for both Cellucci and Graus criteria. Specificity within these 28 days was low without infectious testing results, increasing the greatest with rapid PCR testing and second with infectious antibody testing—reaching ~90% with both. A DEE score of 3 provided a specificity of 100% in identifying IE, but low sensitivity (29%). Symptoms were noted to cluster within several days of onset in IE, but in AE were spread out. Personality/behavioral change, speech change, affective disorder, and sleep disturbance were noted more often in AE, while fever, elevated C-reactive protein or CSF protein, and abnormal MRI-Brain occurred more often in IE.ConclusionIn this study, we provide the first evaluation of the Cellucci criteria and the first validation of the DEE score in the differentiation of pediatric AE and IE. Further refinement of AE criteria is needed to improve early detection and treatment of pediatric AE.