bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Production potential of cellulose nanofibrils from transgenic trees with reduced expression of cellulose synthase interacting 1
Authors: Jonasson Simon , Bünder Anne , Berglund Linn , Niittylä Totte , Oksman Kristiina 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Cellulose nanofibrils can be derived from the native load-bearing cellulose microfibrils in wood. These microfibrils are synthesized by a cellulose synthase enzyme complex residing in the plasma membrane of developing wood cells. In addition to the cellulose synthase complex several other proteins, including cellulose synthase interacting 1 (CSI1), facilitate cellulose biosynthesis. It was previously shown that transgenic hybrid aspen trees with reduced expression of CSI1 exhibit changes in wood mechanics and cellulose microfibril properties. We hypothesized that these changes in native cellulose may impact the quality of corresponding nanofibrils. To investigate this hypothesis wood from wild type and transgenic trees with reduced expression of CSI1 was subjected to oxidative nanofibril isolation processes. The transgenic wood extracted nanofibrils exhibited a significantly lower suspension viscosity and estimated surface area. Furthermore, the manufactured nanofibril networks exhibited a higher stiffness, reduced water-uptake, tensile strength, strain-to-break and degree of polymerization compared to wild type derived nanofibrils. It was concluded that the difference in wood properties caused by decreased expression of CSI1 gave rise to nanofibrils with distinctive qualities. The observed changes in the physicochemical properties suggest that the differences are caused by changes in apparent nanofibril aspect ratio and surface accessibility. This study demonstrates the possibility to influence wood derived nanofibril quality through genetic engineering of trees and opens for breeding of wood properties for extraction of nanomaterials with defined characteristics.
QSAR, molecular docking and ADMET studies of Quinoline, Isoquinoline and Quinazoline derivatives against Plasmodium falciparum malaria
Authors: Said EL Rhabori , Abdellah El Aissouq , Samir Chtita , Fouad Khalil 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
With the aim of researching new antimalarial drugs, a series of quinoline, isoquinoline and quinazoline derivatives were studied against the Plasmodium falciparum CQ-sensitive and MQ-resistant strain 3D7 protozoan parasite. DFT with B3LYP functional and 6-311G basis set was used to calculate quantum chemical descriptors for QSAR models. The molecular mechanics (MM2) method was used to calculate constitutional, physicochemical, and topological descriptors. By randomly dividing the dataset into training and test sets, we were able to construct reliable models using linear regression (MLR), nonlinear regression (MNLR) and artificial neural networks (ANN). The determination coefficient values indicate the predictive quality of the established models. The robustness and predictive power of the generated models were also confirmed via internal validation, external validation, the Y-Randomization test and the applicability domain. Furthermore, molecular docking studies were conducted to identify the key interactions between the studied molecules and the PfPMT receptor's active site. The findings of this contribution study indicate that the antimalarial activity of these compounds against Plasmodium falciparum appears to be largely determined by four descriptors, i.e., Total Connectivity (Tcon), percentage of carbon (C (%)), density (D) and bond length between the two nitrogen atoms (Bond N-N). On the basis of the reliable QSAR model and molecular docking results, several new antimalarial compounds have been designed. The selection of drug-candidates was performed according to drug-likeness and ADMET parameters.
Outcomes and Associated Factors of Mothers Admitted to Intensive Care Unit During Pregnancy and Postpartum at Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Mideksa Tsegaye , Mekonnen Tadios , Mengiste Bezatu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Despite the drastic decrease in maternal morbidity over the last few decades, because of improvements in obstetric care, maternal mortality remains to be a challenge in developing world. Analyzing intensive care unit (ICU) utilization during pregnancy and postpartum is an accepted approach to identify severe and “near-miss” maternal morbidity. Even though data regarding obstetric admission to ICU is available in developed countries, such data is few or lacking in developing countries specially Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to describe profiles and outcomes of women who required admission to ICU during pregnancy and Postpartum.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data from case notes of 154 women who were admitted to the Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College ICU during pregnancy and postpartum from 2016 to 2020 were collected using simple data extraction format. Mothers admitted over the 5-year period were included in the study. SPSS version 26 was used for data entry and analysis. Data was presented as mean ± SD and categorical variables as number (percentage). The association between maternal ICU outcome and associated factors was assessed using Binary Logistic regression and P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: There were 154 obstetric ICU admissions during the study period. The most common reasons for obstetric ICU admissions were Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy (48.7%) and Obstetric hemorrhage (12.9%). The mean age of the patients was 27.8 years, and median duration of ICU stay was 5 days (range 1-40 days). Forty-six maternal deaths occurred (29.9%) and Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy accounted for 45.6% of all deaths. Not having follow up at this hospital [AOR, 5.480, CI (1.890-15.890)] and shorter ICU stay (less than 10 days) [AOR, 0.127, CI (0.028-0.572)] were significantly associated with death of mothers admitted to ICU.Conclusion: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were the leading cause of admission to ICU and leading cause of maternal mortality, which can be easily prevented with early diagnosis and timely intervention. Improving the quality of prenatal care to recognize hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, coupled with prompt management, might help to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality.
A New Protocol Applied to Cancer Treatment-Mathematical Model-Singular Perturbed Vector Field Algorithm
Authors: Nave Ophir 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this study, we investigated the mathematical model for cancer treatment. The model takes into account the interaction of the cancer cells with the immune system and the treatment that combined unlicensed dendritic cells and anti-VEGF. We propose a new non-standard protocol for the treatment of cancer. In addition, the mathematical model includes equations of the variability of the treatments unlicensed dendritic cells and anti-VEGF as a function of the time and dependence on the Length of tumor vasculature.
Visualization of human optic nerve and tract by diffusion tensor mapping and degree of neuropathy
Authors: Łabieniec Łukasz , Lisowski Łukasz , Petrache Horia , Hładuński Marcin , Konopińska Joanna , Kochanowicz Jan , Szymański Krzysztof 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the human optic nerve and tract is technically difficult because of its small size, the inherent strong signal generated by the surrounding fat and the cerebrospinal fluid, and due to eddy current-induced distortions and subject movement artifacts. In addition, the effects of the bone channel through which the optic nerve passes, and the proximity of blood vessels, muscles and tendons are generally unknown. Furthermore, the limited technical capabilities of the scanners and the minimization of acquisition times result in poor quality diffusion-weighted images. It is challenging for current tractography methods to accurately track optic pathway fibers that correspond to known anatomy and to produce a reasonable fraction of decussating fibers. Despite these technical limitations and low image resolution, here we show how to visualize the optic nerve and tract and quantify nerve atrophy. Our visualization method based on the analysis of the diffusion tensor shows marked differences between a healthy male subject and a male subject with progressive optic nerve neuropathy, differences that are otherwise not visible on standard morphological images or scalar diffusion maps. Importantly, our method provides a quantification of the degree of optic nerve atrophy in a systematic way.
Benchmarking the Nutrition-Related Commitments and Practices of Major French Food Companies
Authors: Dam Iris Van , Sciensano Stefanie Vandevijvere 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: To benchmark and quantitatively assess the transparency, specificity and comprehensiveness of nutrition-related commitments and related practices of the major companies within the French food industry.Methods: To evaluate the nutrition-related commitments and practices across policy domains such as product reformulation, labelling, marketing and accessibility, the ‘Business Impact Assessment on Obesity and population-level nutrition’ (BIA-Obesity) was applied. A total of 33 French companies were selected using Euromonitor 2018 market share data, including major packaged food and non-alcoholic beverage manufacturers (N=20), quick-service restaurants (N=7), and supermarkets (N=6). During 2019-2020 the publicly available commitments were collected for each company, scored according to the BIA-Obesity, and company representatives provided with the opportunity to complete and verify the collected data. Following performance metrics were included to assess company practices: the median Nutri-Score of product portfolios, the proportion of products with Nutri-Score A or B, the percentage of products (not-)permitted to be marketed to children according to the World Health Organisation Europe nutrient profile model and the proportion of ultra-processed food products as determined by the NOVA‑classification. In addition supermarket flyers were collected over a 6-month period to assess the healthiness of product promotions. Correlations between commitments and performance metrics were assessed applying the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.Results: Among the selected companies, 13 companies verified and completed the publicly available data (response rate= 39%). Overall BIA-Obesity scores for company commitments varied between 2% and 74% with a median score of 28%. Scores for packaged food and non-alcoholic beverage manufacturers were higher than those for supermarkets and quick‑service restaurants. The median proportion of foods with Nutri-Score A or B within product portfolios was 38% (range=1%-95%), while the median proportion of non-permitted products was 84% (range=7%‑100%) and the median proportion of ultra-processed food products 63% (range=5%-100%). Stronger company commitments did not translate into better performance metrics. Conclusions: There is room for significant improvement of both company commitments and performance. Current food industry action does not meet recommended best practices. The French government is urged to regulate food industry practices to create healthier food environments.
Cold Intolerance and Associated Factors: A Population Study
Authors: Khabbazi Alireza , Farzaneh Rojin , Mahmoudi Maryam , Shahi Mohammad , Sarmadian Amirreza Jabbaripour , Babapour Elaheh , Alizadeh Leila , Khabbazi Raha , Nouri-Vaskeh Masoud 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Cold intolerance has been defined as a set of symptoms including pain, tingling, numbness, chills, stiffness, weakness, swelling or skin color changes on exposure to cold. Cold intolerance may have a profound effect on health-related quality of life. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the prevalence of cold intolerance and associated factors in the general population of Tabriz. Simple random sampling of individuals aged ≥18 was performed from the population covered by Emamieh health center under the supervision of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. A telephone interview was conducted with the participants by the general physician of that center. In participants with a positive response to each of two questions “I am oversensitive to cold” and “I experience pain or discomfort when exposed to cold” a Cold Intolerance Symptom Severity (CISS) questionnaire was filled. We used a cut off value 50 for defining cold intolerance. Of the 353 person who received telephone calls, 322 answered questions. Cold related symptoms and cold intolerance were reported in 144 (44.7%) and 38 (11.1%) persons, respectively. Being female and having fibromyalgia, upper limb disease and history of upper limb surgery were independent risk factors for predicting cold intolerance. Cold intolerance disturbed job in 27 (8.4%) and led to a change in job in 6 (1.9%) persons. Cold intolerance is a common problem in the general population that may lead to job disruption and even job change.
Classified 3D Mapping and Deep Learning Aided Signal Power Estimation Architecture for the Deployment of Wireless Communication Systems
Authors: Egi Yunus , Eyceyurt Engin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The traditional wireless communication systems deployment models require expensive and time-consuming procedures, including environment selection(rural, urban, and suburban), drive test data collection, and analysis of the raw data. These procedures mainly utilize stochastic and deterministic approaches for signal strength prediction to locate the optimum cellular tower(eNodeB) position for 4G and 5G systems. Since environment selection is limited by urban, suburban, and rural areas, they do not cover complex macro and micro variations, especially buildings and tree canopies having a higher impact on signal fading due to scattering and absorption. Therefore, they usually end up with high prediction errors. This article proposes an efficient architecture for the deployment of communication systems. The proposed method determines the effect of the environment via extracting tree and building properties by using a classified 3D map and You Only Look Once (YOLO) V5, which is one of the most efficient deep learning algorithms. According to the results, the Mean Average Precision(mAP) 0.5% and mAP 0.95% accuracies are obtained as 0.96 and 0.45, and Image Color Classification(ICC) findings indicate 77.6% accuracy on vegetation detection, especially for tree canopies. Thus, the obtained results significantly improved signal strength prediction with a 3.96% Mean Absolute Percentage Error(MAPE) rate, while other empirical models’ prediction errors fall in the range of 6.07%-15.26%.
Surgical Treatment of Selected Tumors via the Navigated Minimally Invasive Presigmoidal Suprabulbar Infralabyrinthine Approach without Rerouting of the Facial Nerve
Authors: Cinibulak Zafer , Al-Afif Shadi , Nakamura Makoto , Krauss Joachim K. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BACKROUND: The feasibility of a novel skull base approach, the navigated minimal ly invasive presigmoidal suprabulbar infralabyrinthine approach (NaMIPSI-A) without rerouting of the fallopian canal for selected jugular foramen tumors (JFTs), has been demonstrated in a neuroanatomical laboratory study. OBJECTIVE: Here, we present our clinical experience with this approach for selected JFTs, with a particular focus on its efficacy and safety. METHODS: All patients with JFTs who were treated via the NaMIPSI-A were included in this study. The JFTs were classified according to a modified Fisch classification. The neurological and neuroradiological outcome, the extent of tumor resection, and the approach-related morbidity were examined.RESULTS: Five patients (two women, three men; mean age 57y, range 48-65) were available. According to the modified Fisch classification, two JFTs were graded as C1, one as De1 and two as De2. Gross total resection (GTR) was achieved in three patients and near-total resection (NTR) in two. Postsurgically, no new neurological deficits and no approach-related morbidity and mortality occurred. One case with a postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak was managed successfully with lumbar drainage. During the follow-up period (mean 67,6 months, range 12-119 months) tumor recurrence was noted in the NTR group but not in the GTR group. CONCLUSIONS: The NaMIPSI-A to the jugular foramen without rerouting of the fallopian canal is highly valuable for selected tumors of the jugular foramen. It is less invasive than other skull approaches, and it allows safe and complete tumor removal in appropriate patients.
Incorporation of 16O-rich anhydrous silicates in the protolith of highly hydrated asteroid Ryugu
Authors: Liu Ming-Chang , McCain Kaitlyn , Matsuda Nozomi , Yamaguchi Akira , Kimura Makoto , Tomioka Naotaka , Ito Motoo , Uesugi Masayuki , Imae Naoya , Shirai Naoki , Ohigashi Takuji , Greenwood Richard , Uesugi Kentaro , Nakato Aiko , Yogata Kasumi , Yuzawa Hayato , Kodama Yu , Hirahara Kaori , Sakurai Ikuya , Okada Ikuo , Karouji Yuzuru , Nakazawa Satoru , Okada Tatsuaki , Saiki Takanao , Tanaka Satoshi , Terui Fuyuto , Yoshikawa Makoto , Miyazaki Akiko , Nishimura Masahiro , Yada Toru , Abe Masanao , Usui Tomohiro , Watanabe Sei-ichiro , Tsuda Yuichi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The abundant phyllosilicate and carbonate minerals characterizing most of the returned particles from asteroid Ryugu suggest a history of extensive aqueous alteration on its parent body1,2, similar to the rare, mineralogically altered, but chemically primitive CI (Ivuna-type) chondrite meteorites. Particle C0009 differs mineralogically from other Ryugu particles examined to date by containing anhydrous silicates at a level of ~0.5 vol% (Ito et al. submitted), and thus can help shed light on the original materials that constituted Ryugu’s protolith. In-situ oxygen isotope measurements of the most Mg-rich olivine and pyroxene in C0009 reveal two populations of ∆17O: −25‰ to −15‰ and −8‰ to −3‰, correlating well with the silicate morphologies similar to those seen in amoeboid olivine aggregates (AOAs)3–7 and chondrule phenocrysts8,9, respectively, abundant in less aqueously altered carbonaceous chondrites. This result represents the first discovery of olivine with ∆17O close to the solar value10 in either a CI chondrite or an asteroid of CI-chondrite characteristics and provides strong evidence that AOAs and Mg-rich chondrules accreted into Ryugu’s protolith. Our data also raise the possibility that the protoliths of CI and other carbonaceous chondrites incorporated similar anhydrous silicates.
Resource Allocation for UAV-assisted backscatter communication
Authors: Wang Zhengqiang , Hong Duan , Fan Zifu , Wan Xiaoyu , Xu Yongjun , Duo Bin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
As a promising new technology for green communication, backscatter communication has attracted wide attention in academics and industry. This paper studies the resource allocation problem for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted backscatter communication network. The UAV is used as an airborne mobile base station (BS) by time division multiple access (TDMA) protocol to help backscatter devices (BDs) forward signals to backscatter receiver (BR). Considering the fairness among BDs, we investigate maximizing the minimum (max-min) rate of the proposed network by jointly optimizing backscatter device scheduling, reflection coefficient, UAV's power control, and UAV's trajectory. The optimization problem is a non-convex problem, which is challenging to obtain the optimal solution. Therefore, we propose an efficient iterative algorithm to decompose the optimization problem into four subproblems by the block coordinate descent (BCD) method. The variables are alternatively optimized by the interior point method and successive convex approximation (SCA) techniques in each iteration. Finally, simulation results show that the max-min rate of the system obtained by the proposed scheme outperforms other benchmark schemes.
Propofol protects against erastin-induced ferroptosis in HT-22 cells.
Authors: Li Yuanhai , Xuan Wenting , Lu Xinyi , Yang Zeyong , Li Jun , Jin Weilin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Propofol is a short-acting intravenous anesthetic, which is widely used in clinical treatment. Previous articles indicated that propofol is a therapeutic target for anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammation, anti-lipid peroxidation, and anti-Reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, cell ferroptosis has strong correlations with cellular ROS, inflammatory responses, and lipid peroxidation. However, the mechanisms of propofol attenuating neuron injury by reducing ferroptosis remain unknown. Hence, we hypothesized that propofol could protect neuron cells via reducing cell ferroptosis. To test this hypothesis, HT-22 cells were treated with a specific ferroptosis activator (erastin) in the presence of propofol (50 μM). In such a study, we found propofol reduced erastin induced high Fe 2+ concentration, lipid peroxides, and excess ROS. The western blot also helps us understand that propofol could rescue erastin-induced low expression of GXP4 and system Xc - . Further experiments indicated that propofol attenuated p-ALOX5 expression at Ser663 independent of ERK. In addition, we built two transient transfection cell lines, ALOX5 OE, and Ser663Ala-ALOX5 OE to confirm the target of propofol. We found that Ser663 point is the critical role of propofol in rescuing erastin induced cell injury/lipid peroxidation. In conclusion, propofol may help attenuates ferroptosis, which may provide a new therapeutic method to treat neuron injury or brain inflammatory response.