bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the manufacturability of a copper coil for use in space components by means of the fused filament fabrication process
Authors: Uffelmann S. , Pestotnik S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMetal-filled polymers can serve as the starting material to produce complex metal structures using the cost-effective additive manufacturing process Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF). In this process, the filaments consisting of polymer binders (e.g., polylactic acid (PLA)) and micropowder of highly conductive metals (e.g., copper) are extruded through a nozzle to build up the desired geometry layer by layer. The manufacturability of a complex copper coil for use in satellite actuators with two commercially available filaments (Electrifi and Filamet Copper) using FFF was investigated and the electrical conductivity of the printed material was determined. A design of experiment with variation of extruder temperature and printing speed was used to evaluate different parameter sets. The selected parameter set was then used to produce cuboids to determine the electrical conductivity and an exemplary coil geometry. While the coil could be printed in two sizes (original and enlarged by a factor of two) with one of the investigated filaments, this was not possible with the other filament because the printed material was not dimensionally stable with the selected process parameter set. For the Electrifi filament, that is electrically conductive without post processing, the material achieved a maximum electrical conductivity of $$5.59 \cdot 10^{ - 3} {\text{\% IACS }}\left( {0.033{ }\Omega {\text{cm}}} \right)$$

5.59
·

10

-
3

\% IACS

0.033

Ω
cm

. This was in alignment with other published results for this filament. The other filament Filamet Copper is not conductive in the as-built state. After debinding and sintering, the material achieved a maximum electrical conductivity of $$45.84{\text{\% IACS}} \left( {3.77 \cdot 10^{ - 6} { }\Omega {\text{cm}}} \right)$$

45.84

\% IACS

3.77
·

10

-
6

Ω
cm

.
Gravimetric Complexometric Titration Method to Determine Mass Fraction of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid Disodium Salt Dihydrate in Candidate-Certified Reference Materials
Authors: Paredes Cristhian , Ahumada Diego , Ágreda Jesús 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTitrations are a group of techniques that have contributed considerably to developing the chemical industry and chemistry itself. Currently, the Consultative Committee for Amount of Substance has recognized titration as one of the primary methods for determining the amount of substance. In this context, an accurate gravimetric complexometric titration method was implemented to determine the purity of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) disodium salt dihydrate using a lead nitrate-certified reference material (CRM). The titration reaction was followed potentiometrically using a lead ion-selective electrode. The equivalence point was found by the inflection of a non-parametric regression line that fits the experimental data. The titrations were made in diluted ammonium hydroxide media and sodium tartrate was added to avoid the lead hydroxide precipitation that occurs at high pH. The effect of both concentrations, ammonium hydroxide and sodium tartrate, were evaluated by a Box-Behnken experimental design. A complete uncertainty statement for the measurement method is presented in terms of the International System of Units (SI). The combined relative standard uncertainty of the measurement results is 0.034 % for the purity of the EDTA disodium salt. The atomic weight of the lead that applies to the lead nitrate CRM was determined with mass spectrometry to decrease the uncertainty budget contribution of this parameter which, otherwise, would have been the most important. The main sources of uncertainty were the mass of the EDTA solution for titration blanks, the purity of the lead nitrate CRM, and the precision of the equivalence point determination. The method was evaluated using an EDTA disodium salt dihydrate CRM and no significant bias was found. Finally, the results indicated that the developed method could be used for the value assignment of the mass fraction of EDTA disodium salt dihydrate to produce CRMs.
Groups with almost Frattini closed subgroups
Authors: Mari Fausto De 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA subgroup H of a group G is said to be Frattini closed in G if either $$H=G$$

H
=
G

or H is the intersection of all maximal subgroups of G containing H. The structure of a soluble group in which every subgroup is Frattini closed is known. In this paper, the behavior of a (generalized) soluble group G in which every subgroup is Frattini closed in a subgroup of finite index of G is studied. Among other results, it is proved that if G is a (generalized) soluble group and there exists a positive integer k such that every subgroup of G is Frattini closed in a subgroup of index at most k in G, then G contains a normal subgroup of finite index in which all subgroups are Frattini closed.
Coffee pulp characterization and treatment as adsorbent material for heavy metal removal from landfill leachates
Authors: Carvajal-Flórez E. , Oakley S. M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTo add value to wastes from the coffee crop, this research physically and chemically characterized the coffee pulp waste from an organic farm crop located in Santa Bárbara (Antioquia-Colombia), specifically analyzing whether or not this material has promise for heavy metal removal from wastewater, such as landfill leachate. The coffee pulp was chemically and thermally modified to improve its physical and chemical condition and improve the sorption capacities. Sorption was characterized before and after modification thus point of zero charge, surface area, functional groups, elemental and morphological analysis, and its lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose content. Sorption tests Cu and Pb for the coffee pulp removal capacity were also carried out in batches for determining chemical kinetics using leachates from Neal Road Landfill, in Butte County, Northern California, USA. Results showed that this material has a high potential for liquid-effluent treatment because the removal rate achieved was around 70% and 90% for the copper and lead, especially when there are simultaneously in the solution (leachate). Also, it can be concluded that in these experimental conditions, the biosorption by coffee pulp will allow the legally established permissible limits for landfill leachates to be satisfactorily fulfilled.
Ratio of Two Independent Lindley Random Variables
Authors: Shakil Mohammad , Khadim Aneeqa , Saghir Aamir , Ahsanullah Mohammad , Golam Kibria B. M. , Ishaq Bhatti M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe distribution of the ratio of two independently distributed Lindley random variables$$X$$Xand$$Y$$Y, with different parameters, is derived. The associated distributional properties are provided. Furthermore, the proposed ratio distribution is fitted to two applications data (COVID-19 and Bladder Cancer Data), and compared it with some well-known right-skewed variations of Lindley distribution, namely; Lindley distribution, new generalized Lindley distribution, new quasi Lindley distribution and a three parameter Lindley distribution. The numerical result of the study reveals that the proposed distribution of two independent Lindley random variables fits better to the above said data sets than the compared distribution.
Importance of Minor‐Looking Treatments in Global Climate Models
Authors: Kawai Hideaki , Yoshida Kohei , Koshiro Tsuyoshi , Yukimoto Seiji 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIt is very well known that parameter tuning can have a major impact on the performance of Global Climate Models. However, parameter tuning is not the only implementation detail that can drastically affect model performance and the representation of various phenomena in models. “Minor‐looking treatments” often exert a critical control on model performance; they include lower and upper limits of physical variables, thresholds of variables that control the enabling or disabling of a specific process, whether two schemes can work together or only one scheme works exclusively, and numerical methods including the order of calling various physics schemes. The impacts of such minor‐looking treatments are sometimes comparable to or even larger than those obtained by introducing advanced parameterizations based on theory and observation. Because the importance of these treatments is often overlooked and not discussed in the literature, we comprehensively summarize examples of various minor‐looking treatments that can considerably affect model performance.
Interactive relationships of Type 2 diabetes and bipolar disorder with cognition: evidence of putative premature cognitive ageing in the UK Biobank Cohort
Authors: Ringin Elysha , Dunstan David W. , McIntyre Roger S. , Berk Michael , Owen Neville , Rossell Susan L. , Van Rheenen Tamsyn E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractType 2 diabetes (T2D) is disproportionately prevalent in bipolar disorder (BD) and is associated with cognitive deficits in psychiatrically healthy cohorts. Whether there is an interaction effect between T2D and BD on cognition remains unclear. Using the UK Biobank, we explored interactions between T2D, BD and cognition during mid and later life; and examined age-related cognitive performance effects in BD as a function of T2D. Data were available for 1511 participants with BD (85 T2D), and 81,162 psychiatrically healthy comparisons (HC) (3430 T2D). BD and T2D status were determined by validated measures created specifically for the UK Biobank. Diagnostic and age-related associations between T2D status and cognition were tested using analyses of covariance or logistic regression. There was a negative association of T2D with visuospatial memory that was specific to BD. Processing speed and prospective memory performance were negatively associated with T2D, irrespective of BD diagnosis. Cognitive deficits were evident in BD patients with T2D compared to those without, with scores either remaining the same (processing speed) or improving (visuospatial memory) as a function of participant age. In contrast, cognitive performance in BD patients without T2D was worse as participant age increased, although the age-related trajectory remained broadly equivalent to the HC group. BD and T2D associated with cognitive performance deficits across the mid-life period; indicating comorbid T2D as a potential risk factor for cognitive dysfunction in BD. In comparison to BD participants without T2D and HCs, age-independent cognitive impairments in BD participants with comorbid T2D suggest a potential premature deterioration of cognitive functioning compared to what would normally be expected.
Do genetics contribute to TNF inhibitor response prediction in Psoriatic Arthritis?
Authors: Curry Philippa D. K. , Morris Andrew P. , Barton Anne , Bluett James 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPsoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a heterogeneous chronic musculoskeletal disease, affecting up to 30% of people with psoriasis. Research into PsA pathogenesis has led to the development of targeted therapies, including Tumor Necrosis Factor inhibitors (TNF-i). Good response is only achieved by ~60% of patients leading to ‘trial and error’ drug management approaches, adverse reactions and increasing healthcare costs. Robust and well-validated biomarker identification, and subsequent development of sensitive and specific assays, would facilitate the implementation of a stratified approach into clinical care. This review will summarise potential genetic biomarkers for TNF-i (adalimumab, etanercept and infliximab) response that have been reported to date. It will also comment upon the importance of managing clinical confounders when understanding drug response prediction. Variants in multiple gene regions includingTNF-A, FCGR2A, TNFAIP3, TNFR1/TNFR1A/TNFRSF1A, TRAIL-R1/TNFRSF10A, FCGR3Ahave been reported to correlate with TNF-i response at various levels of statistical significance in patients with PsA. However, results were often from heterogenous and underpowered cohorts and none are currently implemented into clinical practice. External validation of genetic biomarkers in large, well-documented cohorts is required, and assessment of the predictive value of combining multiple genetic biomarkers with clinical measures is essential to clinically embed pharmacogenomics into PsA drug management.
Identification of a high-risk immunogenic prostate cancer patient subset as candidates for T-cell engager immunotherapy and the introduction of a novel albumin-fused anti-CD3 × anti-PSMA bispecific design
Authors: Glud Eske N. , Rasmussen Martin , Zhang Yonghui , Mandrup Ole A. , Salachan Paul Vinu , Borre Michael , Sørensen Karina Dalsgaard , Howard Kenneth A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundCancer immunotherapies such as bispecific T-cell engagers have seen limited adoption in prostate cancer (PC), possibly due to differing levels of cancer receptor expression and effector T-cell infiltration between patients and inherent defects in T-cell engager design.MethodsCD8+T-cell infiltration and PSMA expression were determined by RNA sequencing of primary PC tissue samples from 126 patients with localised PC and 17 patients with metastatic PC. Prognostic value was assessed through clinical parameters, including CAPRA-S risk score. A panel of albumin-fused anti-CD3 ×  anti-PSMA T-cell engagers with different neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) affinity were characterised by flow cytometry, Bio-Layer Interferometry and functional cellular assays.ResultsA subset of patients with localised (30/126 = 24%) and metastatic (10/17 = 59%) PC showed both high PSMA expression and high CD8+T-cell enrichment. The High/High phenotype in localised PC associated with a clinically high-risk cancer subtype, confirmed in an external patient cohort (n = 550, PRAD/TCGA). The T-cell engagers exhibited tunable FcRn-driven cellular recycling, CD3 and PSMA cellular engagement, T-cell activation and PSMA level-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.ConclusionThis work presents an albumin-fused bispecific T-cell engager with programmable FcRn engagement and identifies a high-risk PC patient subset as candidates for treatment with the T-cell engager class of immuno-oncology biologics.
Self-restricted circular RNA circSOX2 suppressed the malignant progression in SOX2-amplified LUSC
Authors: Liang Yingkuan , Wang Nan , Zhang Yijian , Jiang Wei , Fang Chen , Feng Yu , Ma Haitao , Jiang Feng , Dong Gaochao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is a histological subtype of non-small cell lung cancer with the worse progression. SRY-Box Transcription Factor 2 (SOX2) copy number amplification (CNA) is the oncogenic driver in ~60% of patients diagnosed with LUSC. Thus, SOX2 represents an effective therapeutic target in SOX2-amplified LUSC. However, SOX2 protein was considered undruggable. Here, we report the expression of a circular RNA, cicSOX2 in SOX2-amplified LUSC. Patients with SOX2-CAN LUSC expressing circSOX2 manifested increased survival outcomes. CircSOX2 suppressed the proliferation, metastasis, and sphere formation in SOX2-amplified LUSC in vitro and in vivo. CircSOX2 originates in the reverse strand of the SOX2 gene and its sequence was reverse complement to partial 3’UTR of SOX2-coding transcript (mSOX2). CircSOX2 bound to AUF1 and occupied in the 3’UTR of mSOX2, inducing the degradation of mSOX2. In general, circSOX2 is an endogenous self-restricted circRNA in SOX2-amplified LUSC. CircSOX2 might be an effective and stable nucleic acid drug candidate in SOX2-amplified LUSC with low immunogenicity.
The Cancermuts software package for the prioritization of missense cancer variants: a case study of AMBRA1 in melanoma
Authors: Tiberti Matteo , Di Leo Luca , Vistesen Mette Vixø , Kuhre Rikke Sofie , Cecconi Francesco , De Zio Daniela , Papaleo Elena 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCancer genomics and cancer mutation databases have made an available wealth of information about missense mutations found in cancer patient samples. Contextualizing by means of annotation and predicting the effect of amino acid change help identify which ones are more likely to have a pathogenic impact. Those can be validated by means of experimental approaches that assess the impact of protein mutations on the cellular functions or their tumorigenic potential. Here, we propose the integrative bioinformatic approach Cancermuts, implemented as a Python package. Cancermuts is able to gather known missense cancer mutations from databases such as cBioPortal and COSMIC, and annotate them with the pathogenicity score REVEL as well as information on their source. It is also able to add annotations about the protein context these mutations are found in, such as post-translational modification sites, structured/unstructured regions, presence of short linear motifs, and more. We applied Cancermuts to the intrinsically disordered protein AMBRA1, a key regulator of many cellular processes frequently deregulated in cancer. By these means, we classified mutations of AMBRA1 in melanoma, where AMBRA1 is highly mutated and displays a tumor-suppressive role. Next, based on REVEL score, position along the sequence, and their local context, we applied cellular and molecular approaches to validate the predicted pathogenicity of a subset of mutations in an in vitro melanoma model. By doing so, we have identified two AMBRA1 mutations which show enhanced tumorigenic potential and are worth further investigation, highlighting the usefulness of the tool. Cancermuts can be used on any protein targets starting from minimal information, and it is available at https://www.github.com/ELELAB/cancermuts as free software.
Detecting the ultra low dimensionality of real networks
Authors: Almagro Pedro , Boguñá Marián , Serrano M. Ángeles 
Published: October 2022

AbstractReducing dimension redundancy to find simplifying patterns in high-dimensional datasets and complex networks has become a major endeavor in many scientific fields. However, detecting the dimensionality of their latent space is challenging but necessary to generate efficient embeddings to be used in a multitude of downstream tasks. Here, we propose a method to infer the dimensionality of networks without the need for any a priori spatial embedding. Due to the ability of hyperbolic geometry to capture the complex connectivity of real networks, we detect ultra low dimensionality far below values reported using other approaches. We applied our method to real networks from different domains and found unexpected regularities, including: tissue-specific biomolecular networks being extremely low dimensional; brain connectomes being close to the three dimensions of their anatomical embedding; and social networks and the Internet requiring slightly higher dimensionality. Beyond paving the way towards an ultra efficient dimensional reduction, our findings help address fundamental issues that hinge on dimensionality, such as universality in critical behavior.
Single-molecule tracking of Nodal and Lefty in live zebrafish embryos supports hindered diffusion model
Authors: Kuhn Timo , Landge Amit N. , Mörsdorf David , Coßmann Jonas , Gerstenecker Johanna , Čapek Daniel , Müller Patrick , Gebhardt J. Christof M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe hindered diffusion model postulates that the movement of a signaling molecule through an embryo is affected by tissue geometry and binding-mediated hindrance, but these effects have not been directly demonstrated in vivo. Here, we visualize extracellular movement and binding of individual molecules of the activator-inhibitor signaling pair Nodal and Lefty in live developing zebrafish embryos using reflected light-sheet microscopy. We observe that diffusion coefficients of molecules are high in extracellular cavities, whereas mobility is reduced and bound fractions are high within cell-cell interfaces. Counterintuitively, molecules nevertheless accumulate in cavities, which we attribute to the geometry of the extracellular space by agent-based simulations. We further find that Nodal has a larger bound fraction than Lefty and shows a binding time of tens of seconds. Together, our measurements and simulations provide direct support for the hindered diffusion model and yield insights into the nanometer-to-micrometer-scale mechanisms that lead to macroscopic signal dispersal.
Phase I trial of the TNF-α inhibitor certolizumab plus chemotherapy in stage IV lung adenocarcinomas
Authors: Paik Paul K. , Luo Jia , Ai Ni , Kim Rachel , Ahn Linda , Biswas Anup , Coker Courtney , Ma Wanchao , Wong Phillip , Buonocore Darren J. , Lai W. Victoria , Chaft Jamie E. , Acharyya Swarnali , Massagué Joan , Kris Mark G. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe previously identified a chemotherapy-induced paracrine inflammatory loop that paradoxically mitigates the anti-tumor effect of chemotherapy and triggers metastatic propagation in breast and lung cancer models. Therefore, we sought to further validate and translate these findings into patient care by coupling the anti-TNF-α drug certolizumab pegol with standard cisplatin doublet chemotherapy. Here we first validate the anti-metastatic effect of certolizumab in a liver-metastatic Lewis Lung Carcinoma model. We then evaluate the safety, efficacy, and pharmacodynamic effects of certolizumab with cisplatin and pemetrexed in an open label Phase 1 clinical trial (NCT02120807) of eighteen adult patients with stage IV lung adenocarcinomas. The primary outcome is maximum tolerated dose. Secondary outcomes are response rate and progression-free survival (PFS); pharmacodynamic changes in blood and tumor are evaluated as a correlative outcome. There were nine partial responses among 16 patients evaluable (56%, 95% CI 30 to 80%). The median duration of response was 9.0 months (range 5.9 to 42.6 months) and median PFS was 7.1 months (95% CI 6.3 to NR). The standard 400 mg dose of certolizumab, added to cisplatin and pemetrexed, is well-tolerated and, as a correlative endpoint, demonstrates potent pharmacodynamic inhibition of peripheral cytokines associated with the paracrine inflammatory loop.
Promoting nickel oxidation state transitions in single-layer NiFeB hydroxide nanosheets for efficient oxygen evolution
Authors: Bai Yuke , Wu Yu , Zhou Xichen , Ye Yifan , Nie Kaiqi , Wang Jiaou , Xie Miao , Zhang Zhixue , Liu Zhaojun , Cheng Tao , Gao Chuanbo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPromoting the formation of high-oxidation-state transition metal species in a hydroxide catalyst may improve its catalytic activity in the oxygen evolution reaction, which remains difficult to achieve with current synthetic strategies. Herein, we present a synthesis of single-layer NiFeB hydroxide nanosheets and demonstrate the efficacy of electron-deficient boron in promoting the formation of high-oxidation-state Ni for improved oxygen evolution activity. Raman spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and electrochemical analyses show that incorporation of B into a NiFe hydroxide causes a cathodic shift of the Ni2+(OH)2 → Ni3+δOOH transition potential. Density functional theory calculations suggest an elevated oxidation state for Ni and decreased energy barriers for the reaction with the NiFeB hydroxide catalyst. Consequently, a current density of 100 mA cm–2 was achieved in 1 M KOH at an overpotential of 252 mV, placing it among the best Ni-based catalysts for this reaction. This work opens new opportunities in electronic engineering of metal hydroxides (or oxides) for efficient oxygen evolution in water-splitting applications.