bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers to access and utilization of healthcare services for minority-language speakers with neurodevelopmental disorders: A scoping review
Authors: Beauchamp Myriam L. H. , Amorim Kaela , Wunderlich Samantha N. , Lai Jonathan , Scorah Julie , Elsabbagh Mayada 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionMinority-language speakers in the general population face barriers to accessing healthcare services. This scoping review aims to examine the barriers to healthcare access for minority-language speakers who have a neurodevelopmental disorder. Our goal is to inform healthcare practitioners and policy makers thus improving healthcare services for this population.Inclusion criteriaInformation was collected from studies whose participants include individuals with a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) who are minority-language speakers, their family members, and healthcare professionals who work with them. We examined access to healthcare services across both medical and para-medical services.MethodSearches were completed using several databases. We included all types of experimental, quasi-experimental, observational and descriptive studies, as well as studies using qualitative methodologies. Evidence selection and data extraction was completed by two independent reviewers and compared. Data extraction focused on the barriers to accessing and to utilizing healthcare for minority-language speakers with NDDs. The search process and ensuing results were fully reported using a diagram from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for scoping review.ResultsFollowing the database search, a total of 28 articles met our final selection criteria and two articles were hand-picked based on our knowledge of the literature, for a total of 30 articles. These studies revealed that minority-language speakers with NDDs and their families experience several barriers to accessing and utilizing healthcare services. These barriers, identified at the Systems, Provider and Family Experience levels, have important consequences on children's outcomes and families' well-being.DiscussionWhile our review outlined several barriers to access and utilization of healthcare services for minority-language speakers with NDDs and their families, our findings give rise to concrete solutions. These solutions have the potential to mitigate the identified barriers, including development and implementation of policies and guidelines that support minority-language speakers, practitioner training, availability of referral pathways to appropriate services, access to tools and other resources such as interpretation services, and partnership with caregivers. Further research needs to shift from describing barriers to examining the efficacy of the proposed solutions in mitigating and eliminating identified barriers, and ensuring equity in healthcare for minority-language speakers with NDDs.
Message-based psychotherapy for older adults: A cohort comparison study
Authors: Raue Patrick J. , Fridling Nicole , Song Jiyoung , Hull Thomas D. , Alexopoulos George S. , Arean Patricia A. 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveDigital Mental Health Interventions (DMHI) can diminish inequities in mental health care provision. As DMHIs increase in popularity, however, older adults may be unintentionally excluded due to barriers such as lack of awareness, internet access, digital tools, technological socialization and education, physiological accessibility, and communication technology infrastructure. The aim of this study was to examine longitudinal treatment engagement patterns and 15-week clinical outcomes of depressed and anxious older adults compared to a matched cohort of younger adults seeking treatment from a large asynchronous telemedicine provider.MethodsThe 2,470 older adults (55+ years) and a matched cohort of younger adults (26–35 years) diagnosed with depression or anxiety were treated by licensed therapists via messaging 5 days a week. Patterns of treatment engagement on the platform were compared across groups by examining total number of days in treatment, days actively messaging on the platform, and average words and messages per week sent by patients over the entire period they remained in treatment. Symptoms were assessed every 3 weeks using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), and changes were compared across age groups over 15 weeks.ResultsOlder patients attended more days in treatment than younger patients, but there were no differences in number of days actively messaging on the platform, number of messages per week, or word count per week. The two age groups did not differ in their final anxiety or depressive symptoms when controlling for total number of weeks attended. Patients in the younger age group experienced a quicker rate of reduction than older adults in their anxiety, but not depressive symptoms.ConclusionsAmong individuals willing to initiate care through a DMHI, older adults had overall similar engagement as younger adults and they showed similar improvement in symptoms of depression and anxiety. Given the advantages of message-based care for aiding a mental health workforce in serving larger numbers of individuals in need and the expected growth of the aging population, these findings could help healthcare systems in evaluating a variety of treatment options and delivery media for meeting the healthcare needs of the future.
Caregivers’ burden and schizophrenia patients’ quality of life: Sequential mediating effects of expressed emotion and perceived expressed emotion
Authors: Wei Yicheng , Peng Yanan , Li Yan , Song Lanjun , Ju Kang , Xi Juzhe 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundIncreasing attention has been paid to the role of caregivers’ burden in affecting quality of life (QoL) of schizophrenic patients. However, less is known about potential mediation mechanisms underlying this relationship. The current study aimed to explore the sequential mediating effect of expressed emotion and perceived expressed emotion on the relationship between care burden and QoL among people with schizophrenia.Methods135 Chinese families (one patient and one caregiver) participated in this study. Caregivers reported their care burden and expressed emotion, patients reported their perceived expressed emotion and QoL.ResultsThe results of the correlation analysis showed that care burden was negatively related to patients’ QoL, including physical, psychological, and social relationships domains, with patients’ sex, age, educational level, employment status, and medication-taking as covariates. The sequential mediating effects of criticism and perceived criticism between care burden and QoL were not significant. However, the sequential mediating effects of emotional over-involvement and perceived emotional over-involvement (EOI) between care burden and QoL (including physical and psychological domain) were significant.ConclusionThe results indicated that reducing the burden and expressed emotion of caregivers could be helpful to improve schizophrenia patients’ QoL.
Association of higher plasma leptin levels with HOMA-IR index, high sensitivity C-reactive protein and glycolipid metabolism in patients with chronic schizophrenia: A multi-center cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Zhiwei , Zhang Yulong , Wang Juan , Xia Lei , Yang Yating , Sun Liang , Zhang Dapeng , Li Wenzheng , Yao Xianhu , Yang Rongchun , Liu Yun , Liu Huanzhong 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundPrevious research has revealed that plasma leptin levels were closely related to glycolipid metabolism in schizophrenic patients. Insulin resistance (IR) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were involved in glucolipid metabolism disorders. This study explored the correlation between plasma higher leptin levels, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, hs-CRP and glycolipid metabolism in patients with chronic schizophrenia (CS).Methods322 subjects were enrolled, and the psychopathological symptoms of each patient were assessed by a 30-item Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS−30). Patients' plasma leptin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels were determined by oxidase method. Insulin levels were tested by electrochemiluminescence, and hs-CRP levels were tested by immunoturbidimetry. IBM SPSS 22.0 was used for data analysis.ResultsCompared to the lower leptin group, patients in the higher leptin group had significantly higher body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), insulin, HOMA-IR and hs-CRP levels; and lower negative factor scores, cognitive factor scores, and PANSS total scores (P &lt; 0.05). Plasma leptin levels in CS patients were positively correlated with BMI, TC, TG, LDL-C, insulin, HOMA-IR and hs-CRP levels, and were negatively correlated with gender (male = 1, Female = 2), positive factor scores, negative factor scores, cognitive factor scores and PANSS total scores. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that gender, BMI, positive factor scores, PANSS total scores, FBG, LDL-C, insulin, HOMA-IR and hs-CRP levels were independent influencing factors of leptin levels in CS patients (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionGender, BMI, positive factor scores, PANSS total scores, FBG, LDL-C, insulin, HOMA-IR and hs-CRP levels were independent influencing factors of plasma leptin levels in CS patients. Plasma leptin, HOMA-IR and hs-CRP levels should be measured regularly in CS patients to prevent or treat the disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism comorbidity with schizophrenia patients in clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Spatio–temporal variation on syphilis from 2005 to 2018 in Zhejiang Province, China
Authors: Zhu Xiaoxia , Zhu Zhixin , Gu Lanfang , Zhan Yancen , Gu Hua , Yao Qiang , Li Xiuyang 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundSyphilis has spread throughout China, especially in Zhejiang Province which endangers the health and lives of people. However, the spatial and temporal epidemiological studies of syphilis in Zhejiang are not thorough enough. The temporal and spatial variation and the relevant factors of syphilis incidence should be analyzed for more effective prevention and control in Zhejiang, China.MethodsData on confirmed cases of syphilis in Zhejiang Province from 2005 to 2018 was used and the spatio–temporal distributions were described. The spatial autocorrelation analysis and SaTScan analysis were performed to identify spatio–temporal clusters. A Bayesian spatial Conditional Autoregression (CAR) model was constructed to explore the relationships between syphilis incidence and common social and natural indicators.Results474,980 confirmed cases of syphilis were reported between 2005 and 2018 with a large peak in 2010. Farmers and unemployed people accounted for the largest proportion of confirmed cases. And the significant spatial clusters of syphilis were concentrated in the north of Zhejiang Province, especially in more economically developed regions. Seven spatio–temporal clusters were identified and the main three high–risk areas were located in Hangzhou (RR = 1.62, P &lt; 0.05), Zhoushan and Ningbo (RR = 1.99, P &lt; 0.05), and Lishui (RR = 1.68, P &lt; 0.05). The findings showed that the morbidity of syphilis was positively correlated with the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, the number of health technicians per 10,000 people, the proportion of the elderly and air temperature were negatively correlated with the proportion of the urban population, the proportion of men and precipitation.ConclusionsThe spatio–temporal analysis revealed that the prevalence of syphilis was still serious in Zhejiang Province. Syphilis high–risk areas were mainly located in the more developed coastal regions where more targeted intervention measures were required to be implemented. The study highlighted the need to strengthen Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) screening and health education for high–risk groups and improve the coverage of syphilis testing to reduce hidden syphilis cases.
Trajectories of physical functioning and its predictors in older adults: A 16-year longitudinal study in China
Authors: Zhao Yinan , Duan Yunzhu , Feng Hui , Nan Jiahui , Li Xiaoyang , Zhang Hongyu , Xiao Lily Dongxia 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveMaintaining and delaying a decline in physical function in older adults is critical for healthy aging. This study aimed to explore trajectories, critical points of the trajectory changes, and predictors among older people in the Chinese community.DesignThis study was one with a longitudinal design performed in China.Setting and participantsThe target population was community-dwelling older adults aged over 65 years. A total of 2,503 older adults from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) were included in this study.MethodsPhysical functioning was measured by instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Population-based trajectory models were used to identify potential heterogeneity in longitudinal changes over 16 years and to investigate associations between baseline predictors and different trajectories for different cohort members using LASSO regression and logistic regression.ResultsFour trajectories of physical function were identified: slow decline (33.0%), poor function and moderate decline (8.1%), rapid decline (23.5%), and stable function (35.4%). Older age, male sex, worse self-reported health status, worse vision status, more chronic diseases, worse cognitive function, and a decreased frequency of leisure activity influenced changes in the trajectory of physical function. Having fewer teeth, stronger depressive symptoms, a lack of exercise, and reduced hearing may increase the rate of decline.Conclusion and implicationsFour trajectories of physical function were identified in the Chinese elderly population. Early prevention or intervention of the determinants of these trajectories can maintain or delay the rate of decline in physical function and improve healthy aging.
Menstrual health and period poverty in Lebanon during economic crisis: A qualitative analysis of the challenges and recommendations
Authors: Elhage Hassan Malika , Doumat George , Daher Darine , Al Tannir Abdul Hafiz , Hassan Bashar , Chidiac Charbel , Hariri Hussein , Hatab Taha , Abou Daher Alaa , Ezzedin Omar , Fouad Fouad M. 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveRecently, severe period poverty has had a dramatic spread throughout Lebanon as a result of several crises: the COVID-19 pandemic, the Beirut explosion, and the economic collapse. Period poverty is the lack of access to menstrual hygiene materials, comfortable environments, and adequate education about menstrual health. Due to the great implications of period poverty on Lebanese women's health, our study aims to explore stakeholder's perspective on the Lebanese public health policy regarding menstrual health, the evolving challenges it faces in the context of the current economic collapse, and to suggest recommendations for solutions.MethodsOur study is qualitative in nature, where data collection was done via online semi-structured interviews with stakeholders from the public and private sectors of the Lebanese healthcare system in addition to non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and physicians. Data were then analyzed based on themes and subthemes that emerged from the interviews.ResultsNine stakeholders were interviewed: five from NGOs, two obstetrics and gynecology physicians, and two public sector representatives. The challenges to menstrual health were subcategorized into previously existing and new ones. The consequences of poor menstrual health were tackled on the mental, physical, and social levels. Stakeholders suggested both short-term and long-term recommendations. Short-term recommendations included decreasing the monetary burden by subsidizing menstrual products or via a coupon system. Long-term recommendations included proper education on multiple levels, cooperation between key players in the private and public sectors, and encouragement of local production to ensure future sustainability.ConclusionMenstrual health is a neglected public health issue in Lebanon, causing detrimental effects on girls and women residing in the country. Proper planning and collaboration between the private and public sectors are required to address this human rights issue.
The Parental and Children Report of the Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms in Children and Adolescents Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study From Oman
Authors: Zadjali Fahad , Al-Futaisi Amna , Al-Hosni Amira , Al-Huseini Salim , Crommelin Maarten , Mirza Hassan 
Published: August 2022

Objective: Studies from the past decades have shown that mood disorders are common during childhood and adolescence. This study aimed to estimate the point prevalence of depression in Omani children and adolescents during social distancing and lockdown and identify the risk factors for developing depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional study conducted in May 2020, in which all young Omani people attending a mainstream school aged 8–18 years old were eligible to participate. Parents were asked to complete the online survey, which consisted of the parent version of the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (MFQ-Parent). In addition, the option of a self-reported version (MFQ-Self) was provided in cases where children preferred to fill out the survey themselves. Logistic regression was used to identify the contributing socio-demographic variables associated with depressive symptoms.Results: A total of 445 participants completed the MFQ, out of which 72.1% were parents, and 27.9% were children, adolescents and young people. 13.9% of children and adolescents exhibited depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in Oman. The presence of depressive symptoms was associated with increased food intake (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.00–3.29, p-value &lt;0.05), longer use of smartphones (OR 2.72, 95% CI 1.56–4.73, p-value &lt;0.001), whereas additional entertainment activities during lockdown were protective against depression (OR 0.35 95% CI 0.19–0.64, p-value &lt;0.001).Conclusion: This study from Oman concurs with recent reports of depression being common during the COVID-19 pandemic. Concerted efforts are needed to mitigate this trend and identify high-risk groups during the lockdown period.
Educomunicación. Llos primeros 60 años de una historia polisémica
Authors: Castro Lara Eloína 
Published: August 2022

En este artículo se considera importante reflexionar que no es viable hablar de educación como factor de desarrollo sin la Educación-Comunicación, que responde a diversas denominaciones: Educación en medios, Educación de medios, Alfabetización audiovisual, Alfabetización mediática, Comunicación Educativa, Educomunicación, entre otros. En ese sentido, se apunta a señalar que el uso indistinto e intercambiable de dichos términos ha contribuido en parte a su limitación como campo de estudio, pero también a la confusión semántica cuando se abordan tales conceptos. Por tanto, se parte de que, para comprender una propuesta educomunicativa, es menester contemplar no sólo los constructos teóricos que la sustentan, sino la evolución histórica del término con el objeto de problematizar su polisemia y justificar la acepción que se ha determinado adoptar para los fines innovadores, educativos y organizacionales potenciales que contempla una mirada regional particular al respecto, como la que resulta entre el contraste del sentido en el mundo europeo y el mundo latinoamericano a lo largo de la historia del concepto.
El trabajador social en el sector empresarial ganadero: caso de estudio cantón Chone, Manabí
Authors: Alcívar Medranda Eva 
Published: August 2022

El Trabajo Social es una profesión que siempre está innovándose y creando nuevos retos. Desde esta perspectiva, el objetivo de este artículo científico es determinar el rol e importancia del Trabajador Social en el sector empresarial ganadero del cantón Chone, surgiendo la necesidad de crear una propuesta de intervención social que permita plantear estrategias para consolidar el desarrollo de la empresa por medio de las funciones que realice. Sus prioridades serán el compromiso de superación de los empresarios y el fortalecimiento del talento humano, priorizando los problemas que les afecten para fomentar políticas que sean sostenibles y sustentables. Para ello se utilizaron los métodos: histórico-lógico y el de inducción-deducción. Como técnica se empleó la entrevista abierta en profundidad demostrando que es posible incursionar en el sector. Por ello, este profesional está preparado para enfrentar nuevos escenarios de intervención que le permitirán garantizar un buen vivir y mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas que laboran en estas empresas.
El bibliotecólogo como agente desarrollador de la lectura en la biblioteca pública de la ciudad de Chone, Ecuador.
Authors: Saldarriaga Villamil Kasandra , Solórzano Ponce Mónica 
Published: August 2022

Esta investigación se realizó en la Biblioteca Pública del Cantón Chone. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la importancia que tiene un bibliotecólogo como agente desarrollador de la lectura. Tradicionalmente, Ecuador es considerado un país con pocos lectores. La mayor parte de personas que no leen indican que no tienen interés por hacerlo. Por ello, uno de los actores implicados en la promoción de la lectura es el bibliotecólogo. Este profesional lo hace a través de un espacio activo e inclusivo para fomentar el aprendizaje. Con el propósito de conocer las características que debe tener un programa de lectura se realizaron encuestas a 40 usuarios de la Biblioteca Pública de Chone. Ellos indicaron que este tipo de programas debe incentivar al interés hacia los libros. De esta forma, el bibliotecólogo se convierte en un agente desarrollador de lectura que se requiere en la provincia y el país.
Binomio: bibliotecario-bibliotecólogo, trascendencia en el perfil profesional, Ecuador
Authors: Saltos Catagua Lila María María , Barberán Bravo Jean Carlos 
Published: August 2022

El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo referir el rol actual del bibliotecario/bibliotecólogo respecto a la necesidad de apertura hacia nuevas y variadas formas de recopilar, organizar y promover la información, también reseñar, que precisan incurrir en procesos de formación para un manejo adecuado de fuentes de información en formato digital, debido al hecho que las TIC (Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación) son aliada estratégica en la labor bibliográfica para brindar un adecuado servicio de informacion. La temática se aborda con una metodología de investigación cualicuantitativa, precisamente con personal inmerso en el quehacer biliotecológico que participa mediante entrevistas y encuestas aplicadas a los usuarios de información para dar a conocer el sentir y experiencia en el desarrollo del trabajo del personal que labora en biblioteca, desde la perspectiva del quienes ofertan el servicio y aquellos que lo reciben. Con los datos obtenidos se puede determinar que el perfil del personal que labora en las bibliotecas y centros de infomación, aquellos que lo hacen porque tienen varios años dedicados al trabajo como bibliotecario o los que poseen una formación profesional como bibliotecólogos, debe ser proactivo, pero lo más interesante que se puede destacar de la información recopilada es que ellos, estan consientes de esta exigencia de innovación, de mejora constante y formación continua, misma que es necesaria debido a las exigencias de los usuarios de información quienes requieren indagar, seleccionar, definir y obtener información en diversos formatos la cual debe ser actualizada y contrastada. Otro de los requisitos que precisa tener el bibliotecario/bibliotecólogo es una vasta cultura general, compromiso y responsabilidad social, debido a que su rol no solo se centra en atender requerimientos de información, debe realizar también actividades de orientación a los usuarios mediante la alfabetización informacional (ALFIN), como parte de una acertada ejecución de las tareas a ellos encomendadas como profesionales de la organización y gestión de la información.