bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent frontiers of climate changes in East Asia at global warming of 1.5°C and 2°C
Authors: You Qinglong , Jiang Zhihong , Yue Xu , Guo Weidong , Liu Yonggang , Cao Jian , Li Wei , Wu Fangying , Cai Ziyi , Zhu Huanhuan , Li Tim , Liu Zhengyu , He Jinhai , Chen Deliang , Pepin Nick , Zhai Panmao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEast Asia is undergoing significant climate changes and these changes are likely to grow in the future. It is urgent to characterize both the mechanisms controlling climate and the response of the East Asian climate system at global warming of 1.5 and 2 °C above pre-industrial levels (GW1.5 and GW2 hereafter). This study reviews recent studies on East Asian climate change at GW1.5 and GW2. The intensity and variability of the East Asian summer monsoon are expected to increase modestly, accompanied by an enhancement of water vapor transport. Other expected changes include the intensification of the Western Pacific Subtropical High and an intensified and southward shift of the East Asian jet, while the intensity of the East Asian winter monsoon is projected to reduce with high uncertainty. Meanwhile, the frequency of ENSO may increase in a warming world with great uncertainty. Significant warming and wetting occur in East Asia, with more pronounced intensity, frequency, and duration of climate extremes at GW2 than that at GW1.5. The fine structure of regional climate changes and the presence and location of various warming hotspots, however, show substantial divergence among different model simulations. Furthermore, the Asian climate responses can differ substantially between the transient and stabilized GW1.5 and GW2, which has important implications for emission policies. Thus, to better plan effective mitigation and adaptation activities, further research including an in-depth exploration of the divergent responses in transient versus stabilized scenarios, the quantification of future projection uncertainties, and improvements of the methods to reduce model uncertainties are required.
Information decay and enzymatic information recovery for DNA data storage
Authors: Meiser Linda C. , Gimpel Andreas L. , Deshpande Tejas , Libort Gabriela , Chen Weida D. , Heckel Reinhard , Nguyen Bichlien H. , Strauss Karin , Stark Wendelin J. , Grass Robert N. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSynthetic DNA has been proposed as a storage medium for digital information due to its high theoretical storage density and anticipated long storage horizons. However, under all ambient storage conditions, DNA undergoes a slow chemical decay process resulting in nicked (broken) DNA strands, and the information stored in these strands is no longer readable. In this work we design an enzymatic repair procedure, which is applicable to the DNA pool prior to readout and can partially reverse the damage. Through a chemical understanding of the decay process, an overhang at the 3’ end of the damaged site is identified as obstructive to repair via the base excision-repair (BER) mechanism. The obstruction can be removed via the enzyme apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease I (APE1), thereby enabling repair of hydrolytically damaged DNA via Bst polymerase and Taq ligase. Simulations of damage and repair reveal the benefit of the enzymatic repair step for DNA data storage, especially when data is stored in DNA at high storage densities (=low physical redundancy) and for long time durations.
The roles of two extracellular loops in proton sensing and permeation in human Otop1 proton channel
Authors: Li Bin , Wang Yan , Castro Alexis , Ng Courtney , Wang Zhifei , Chaudhry Haroon , Agbaje Zainab , Ulloa Gabriella A. , Yu Yong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOtopetrin (Otop) proteins were recently found to function as proton channels, with Otop1 revealed to be the sour taste receptor in mammals. Otop proteins contain twelve transmembrane segments (S1-S12) which are divided into structurally similar N and C domains. The mechanisms by which Otop channels sense extracellular protons to initiate gating and conduct protons once the channels are activated remains largely elusive. Here we show that two extracellular loops are playing key roles in human Otop1 channel function. We find that residue H229 in the S5-S6 loop is critical for proton sensing of Otop1. Further, our data reveal that the S11-12 loop is structurally and functionally essential for the Otop1 channel and that residue D570 in this loop regulates proton permeation into the pore formed by the C domain. This study sheds light on the molecular mechanism behind the structure and function of this newly identified ion channel family.
Materials discovery of ion-selective membranes using artificial intelligence
Authors: Maleki Reza , Shams Seyed Mohammadreza , Chellehbari Yasin Mehdizadeh , Rezvantalab Sima , Jahromi Ahmad Miri , Asadnia Mohsen , Abbassi Rouzbeh , Aminabhavi Tejraj , Razmjou Amir 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSignificant attempts have been made to improve the production of ion-selective membranes (ISMs) with higher efficiency and lower prices, while the traditional methods have drawbacks of limitations, high cost of experiments, and time-consuming computations. One of the best approaches to remove the experimental limitations is artificial intelligence (AI). This review discusses the role of AI in materials discovery and ISMs engineering. The AI can minimize the need for experimental tests by data analysis to accelerate computational methods based on models using the results of ISMs simulations. The coupling with computational chemistry makes it possible for the AI to consider atomic features in the output models since AI acts as a bridge between the experimental data and computational chemistry to develop models that can use experimental data and atomic properties. This hybrid method can be used in materials discovery of the membranes for ion extraction to investigate capabilities, challenges, and future perspectives of the AI-based materials discovery, which can pave the path for ISMs engineering.
Global changes alter the amount and composition of land carbon deliveries to European rivers and seas
Authors: Zhang Haicheng , Lauerwald Ronny , Ciais Philippe , Van Oost Kristof , Guenet Bertrand , Regnier Pierre 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLateral carbon transfer along the land-ocean continuum is a key component of global carbon cycle, yet its response to global change is poorly quantified. Here, we use a land-surface model to simulate vertical (soil-plant-atmosphere) and lateral (land-river-ocean) carbon exchanges in Europe between 1901–2014 and investigate the effect of atmospheric carbon dioxide, climate and land use changes on lateral carbon transfer. We find that global change during 1901–2014 led to a significant increase in the total terrestrial carbon delivery to European rivers (33% increase) and to the sea (20% increase). Carbon delivery increased in the dissolved phase and decreased in the particulate phase. Climate change, increased atmospheric carbon dioxide, and land-use change explain 62%, 36% and 2% of the temporal change in European lateral carbon transfer during the study period, respectively. Our findings suggest that redistribution of soil carbon due to lateral carbon transfer induced a 5% reduction in the net land carbon sink in Europe.
A grazing-driven positive nutrient feedback loop and active sexual reproduction underpin widespread Noctiluca green tides
Authors: Luo Hao , Wang Jingtian , Goes Joaquim I , Gomes Helga do R , Al-Hashmi Khalid , Tobias Craig , Koerting Claudia , Lin Senjie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The mixoplankton green Noctiluca scintillans (gNoctiluca) is known to form extensive green tides in tropical coastal ecosystems prone to eutrophication. In the Arabian Sea, their recent appearance and annual recurrence have upended an ecosystem that was once exclusively dominated by diatoms. Despite evidence of strong links to eutrophication, hypoxia and warming, the mechanisms underlying outbreaks of this mixoplanktonic dinoflagellate remain uncertain. Here we have used eco-physiological measurements and transcriptomic profiling to ascribe gNoctiluca’s explosive growth during bloom formation to the form of sexual reproduction that produces numerous gametes. Rapid growth of gNoctiluca coincided with active ammonium and phosphate release from gNoctiluca cells, which exhibited high transcriptional activity of phagocytosis and metabolism generating ammonium. This grazing-driven nutrient flow ostensibly promotes the growth of phytoplankton as prey and offers positive support successively for bloom formation and maintenance. We also provide the first evidence that the host gNoctiluca cell could be manipulating growth of its endosymbiont population in order to exploit their photosynthetic products and meet critical energy needs. These findings illuminate gNoctiluca’s little known nutritional and reproductive strategies that facilitate its ability to form intense and expansive gNoctiluca blooms to the detriment of regional water, food and the socio-economic security in several tropical countries.
ACGAN: Age‐compensated makeup transfer based on homologous continuity generative adversarial network model
Authors: Wu Guoqiang , He Feng , Zhou Yuan , Jing Yimai , Ning Xin , Wang Chen , Jin Bo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe authors focus on the makeup transformation problem, which refers to the transfer of makeup from a reference face to a source face image while maintaining the source makeup‐free face image. In recent years, makeup transformation has become a hot issue and a lot of research has been conducted on this basis, but there are some limitations in the existing methods, mainly due to the lack of consideration of age factor, which makes the final generated face makeup images appear not natural and lack appearance attractiveness. In order to further solve this problem, an age‐compensated makeup transformation framework based on homology continuity is proposed. In order to achieve a stable and controllable age‐compensation effect, the authors design a new coding module that can map the face makeup semantic vector into the higher feature space and achieve age compensation by adjusting the direction of the semantic vector. Finally, in order to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of the authors’ proposed method, a large number of qualitative and quantitative experiments have been conducted, and the experimental results show that the authors’ proposed framework outperforms existing methods.
Decay‐like fracture diagnosis of composite insulator based on small sample virtual expansion and radar graph mapping
Authors: Shang Ben , Fan Youping , Zhang Yuqing , Yang Lei , Wang Zijiang , Zhang Yating , Zeng Zian , Guo Jianyi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDue to the complexity of test procedures and the high cost of measurements, the mechanism of the decay‐like fracture is unclear, which brings hard concepts and the small sample problem. Therefore, it is intractable to establish accurate data‐driven models. To solve the above mentioned problems, this paper proposes a data‐driven modeling method based on radar graph mapping models and virtual sample generation (Radar‐VSG). The main idea of the proposed method is to construct and select the most appropriate input features by using radar graph mapping, and to generate virtual samples by using the local outlier factor based on the isometric feature mapping algorithm (Isomap‐LOF). To verify the effectiveness of our approach, a set of 27 training samples and 127 testing samples from China Southern Power Grid was applied. Experimental results suggested the accuracy was up to 100% after adding more than 27 virtual samples, with a 4.75% improvement. And the model has the best generalisation ability for 270 virtual samples, with the root mean square error of 0.018. Compared with support vector machine and four advanced VSG methods, the proposed Radar‐VSG can achieve better performance.
An evaluation of different recipes for chromospheric radiative losses in solar flares
Authors: Tian J. , Hong J. , Li Y. , Ding M. D. 
Published: October 2022

Context. Radiative losses are an indispensable part of the numerical simulation of flares. Detailed calculations could be computationally expensive, especially in the chromosphere. There have been some approximate recipes for chromospheric radiative losses in flares, yet their feasibility in flare simulations needs further evaluation.
Aims We aim to evaluate the performance of different recipes for chromospheric radiative losses in flare simulations.
Methods. We compared the atmospheric structure and the line profiles in beam-heated flares calculated with detailed radiative losses and the approximate recipes.
Results. Both the Gan & Fang (1990, ApJ, 358, 328; hereafter GF90) and Hong, J., et al. (2022, A&A, 661, A77) recipes provide acceptable total radiative losses compared with the detailed treatment, but there are discrepancies in the different atmospheric layers during the different evolutionary phases, which lead to misestimations of temperature and line intensity. The recipe of GF90 overestimates the coolings in the upper chromosphere greatly when the temperature exceeds 105 K, which also affects the flare evolution and the line asymmetries. Radiative heating in the middle chromosphere only functions in the initial stage and could be safely neglected. However, radiative heating from the Lyman continuum could dominate near the transition region.
Oral Cimetidine as an Adjuvant Therapy for Condyloma Acuminata
Authors: Mawardi Prasetyadi , Utami Retno Dwi , Cahyono Aris , Murasmita Alamanda 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction Condyloma acuminata (CA) is a sexually transmitted
infection caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), and the recurrence rate is relatively
high. A compromised immune system causes CA recurrence. The primary treatment goal is to
eradicate the warts; however, the immunomodulatory combination therapy might reduce the
recurrence rate, so it might enhance the healing process. Cimetidine is a histamine
H2-receptor antagonist which might indicate immunomodulator activity.
Aim This case report aimed to investigate the effectiveness of
cimetidine as an immunomodulator agent against CA.
Clinical cases Three patients visited dermatology and venerology
outpatient clinic with multiple warts located on the external genital and perianal area. The
examination described there were confluent cauliflower-like nodules. Besides, acetowhite
examination showed positive reactions. Two patients were HIV-positve and one was negative. The
lesions showed clinical improvement in all three patients.
Conclusion Briefly, the cimetidine is effective as an
immunomodulator therapy to enhance the healing process and decrease the risk of CA
recurrences.
Update Reference Charts: Fetal Biometry between the 15th and 42nd
Week of Gestation
Authors: Hirschfeld Nadja , Bormann Eike , Koester Helen Ann , Klockenbusch Walter , Steinhard Johannes , Schmitz Ralf , Kubiak Karol 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives This study was designed to establish new reference charts for
BPD (biparietal diameter), OFD (occipitofrontal diameter), HC (head
circumference), CM (cisterna magna), TCD (transverse cerebellar diameter), PCV
(posterior cerebral ventricle), AC (abdominal circumference), FL (femur length),
and HL (humerus length) and extend known charts to 42 weeks of gestation. These
new charts were compared to studies carried out by Snijders and Nicolaides, the
INTERGROWTH 21st Project, and the WHO Fetal Growth Charts.
Methods In this retrospective cross-sectional single-center study of
12,972 low-risk pregnancies, biometric data between the 15th and 42nd weeks of
gestation were evaluated. Only one examination per pregnancy was selected for
statistical analysis. Descriptive analysis for the 5th, 50th, and 95th quantile
was performed for each parameter as listed above. Regression models were used to
fit the mean and the SD at each gestational age.
Results Initially the reference curves for BPD, OFD, HC, AC, FL, and HL
show a linear increase, which changes into a cubic increase towards the end of
pregnancy. The results of this study show statistically noticeable differences
from the percentile curves of the studies listed above.
Conclusions The percentile curves in this study differ from the commonly
used ones. The presented standard curves can be used as a reference in prenatal
diagnostics.
Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on Inflammation and Oxidative
Stress for Gestational Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis Study
Authors: Wang Jing , Zhang Yin , Wang Yan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background Probiotic supplements may benefit to reduce inflammation and
oxidative stress in patients with gestational diabetes, and this meta-analysis
aims to explore the impact of probiotic supplementation on inflammation and
oxidative stress for gestational diabetes.
Methods PubMed, EMbase, Web of science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library
databases were systematically searched, and we included randomized controlled
trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of a probiotic supplement on inflammation and
oxidative stress in patients with gestational diabetes.
Results Five RCTs were finally included in the meta-analysis. Overall,
compared with control intervention for gestational diabetes, probiotic
supplementation intervention showed significantly reduced CRP
(MD=−1.72; 95% CI=−2.54 to
−0.90; P<0.0001), IL-6 (MD=−0.42; 95%
CI=−0.66 to −0.18; P=0.0005) and MDA
(MD=−0.88; 95% CI=−1.10 to
−0.66; P<0.00001), increased NO (MD=2.42; 95%
CI=0.80 to 4.04; P=0.003) and TAC (SMD=0.86; 95%
CI=0.19 to 1.54; P=0.01), but showed no obvious impact on GSH
(MD=13.73; 95% CI=−35.84 to 63.31;
P=0.59).
Conclusions Probiotic supplementation is effective to alleviate
inflammation and oxidative stress for gestational diabetes.
External Validation of the ACUITY/HORIZON Bleeding Risk Score among Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients in Thai PCI Registry
Authors: Roongsangmanoon Worawut , Chichareon Ply , Angkananard Teeranan , Suwannasom Pannipa , Chandavimol Mann , Limpijankit Thosaphol , Srimahachota Suphot , Athisakul Siriporn , Hutayanon Pisit , Kiatchoosakun Songsak , Thanakitcharu Praprut , Charoenpanichsunti Montri , Chamsaard Prajongjit , Siriyotha Sukanya , Thakkinstian Ammarin , Sansanayudh Nakarin 
Published: October 2022

Background External validation is essential before implementing a predictive model in clinical practice. This analysis validated the performance of the ACUITY/HORIZON risk score in the most contemporary Thai PCI registry.
Methods The ACUITY/HORIZON model was applied and validated externally in 12,268 ACS (acute coronary syndrome) patients. For revision and updating models, the regression coefficientd of all predictors were re-estimated and then additional predictors were stepwise selected from multivariate analysis.
Results In-hospital bleeding defined by the BARC (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium) criteria was 1.3% (161 patients) and 2.3% (285 patients) by the ACUITY criteria. The calibration of both scales demonstrated overestimation of the original model with C-statistic values of 0.704 for ACUITY major bleeding and 0.793 for BARC 3 or 5 bleeding. For ACUITY major bleeding, the discriminatory power of the update model improved substantially when congestive heart failure (CHF), prior vascular disease as well as body mass index were considered. The update model demonstrated good calibration and C-statistic of 0.747 and 0.745 with no white blood cell (WBC) count. For BARC 3 or 5 bleeding, good calibration and discriminatory capacity could be observed when CHF and prior vascular disease were added in the update models, with an excellent C-statistic of 0.838, and a lower C-statistic value of 0.835 was obtained in the absence of WBC count.
Conclusion The ACUITY/HORIZON score was successfully validated in contemporary predictive and risk-adjustment models for PCI-related bleeding. The update models had good operating characteristics in patients from a real-world ACS population irrespective of bleeding definitions.
Glaucoma as a Neurodegenerative and Inflammatory Disease
Authors: Prokosch Verena , Li Panpan , Shi Xin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGlaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease that leads to irreversible loss of vision through degeneration of the retinal ganglia cells (RGCs). Glaucoma is one of the most frequent causes of
blindness in the world. Intraocular pressure is the main risk factor for the occurrence and development of this disease. Treatment is largely based on reducing internal optical pressure.
However, some patients may deteriorate or become blind, despite normal or reduced internal optical pressure. The pathophysiological details are still unclear. Neuroinflammatory processes are
also apparently an additional cause. In principle, innate or local responses of the adaptive immune system can be distinguished. The reaction of the innate immune system, particularly the
local microglial cells, has long been studied. The macroglia with the astrocytes and Müller cells and their homeostatic effects have also long been known. On the other hand, it has long been
thought that the retina with its RGZs was inert to adaptive immunological reactions – due to the function of the blood brain barrier. However, this system may be disturbed by antigen
presentation, leading to a reaction of the adaptive immune system, with B cell and T cell responses. In this context, the key proteins are presumably heat shock proteins. We now know that
neuroinflammation is important in glaucoma, as in other neurodegenerative diseases. It is important to increase our understanding of these phenomena. In this review article, we present our
current knowledge of the role of the micro- and macroglia, the adaptive immune system, and the heat shock proteins.