bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What does the evidence tell us? Revisiting optimal cord management at the time of birth
Authors: Rabe Heike , Mercer Judith , Erickson-Owens Debra 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA newborn who receives a placental transfusion at birth from delayed cord clamping (DCC) obtains about 30% more blood volume than those with immediate cord clamping (ICC). Benefits for term neonates include higher hemoglobin levels, less iron deficiency in infancy, improved myelination out to 12 months, and better motor and social development at 4 years of age especially in boys. For preterm infants, benefits include less intraventricular hemorrhage, fewer gastrointestinal issues, lower transfusion requirements, and less mortality in the neonatal intensive care unit by 30%. Ventilation before clamping the umbilical cord can reduce large swings in cardiovascular function and help to stabilize the neonate. Hypovolemia, often associated with nuchal cord or shoulder dystocia, may lead to an inflammatory cascade and subsequent ischemic injury. A sudden unexpected neonatal asystole at birth may occur from severe hypovolemia. The restoration of blood volume is an important action to protect the hearts and brains of neonates. Currently, protocols for resuscitation call for ICC. However, receiving an adequate blood volume via placental transfusion may be protective for distressed neonates as it prevents hypovolemia and supports optimal perfusion to all organs. Bringing the resuscitation to the mother’s bedside is a novel concept and supports an intact umbilical cord. When one cannot wait, cord milking several times can be done quickly within the resuscitation guidelines. Cord blood gases can be collected with optimal cord management. Conclusion: Adopting a policy for resuscitation with an intact cord in a hospital setting takes a coordinated effort and requires teamwork by obstetrics, pediatrics, midwifery, and nursing.

What is Known:• Placental transfusion through optimal cord management benefits morbidity and mortality of newborn infants.• The World Health Organisation has recommended placental transfusion in their guidance.

What is New:• Improved understanding of transitioning to extrauterine life has been described.• Resuscitation of newborn infants whilst the umbilical cord remains intact could improve the postpartum adaptation.
Protective effect of alogliptin against cyclophosphamide-induced lung toxicity in rats: Impact on PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 pathway and downstream inflammatory cascades
Authors: Alsemeh Amira Ebrahim , Abdullah Doaa M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCyclophosphamide (CP)-induced lung toxicity is a remaining obstacle against the beneficial use of this chemotherapeutic agent. More considerations were given to the role of Alogliptin (ALO) in ameliorating CP-induced toxicities in many tissues. We designed this study to clarify the protective potential of ALO against CP-induced lung toxicity in rats. ALO was administered for 7 days. Single-dose CP was injected on the 2nd day (200 mg/kg: i.p.) to induce lung toxicity. Rats were divided into four groups: control, ALO-treated, CP-treated and ALO + CP-treated group. Leucocytic count, total proteins, LDH activity, TNF-α, and IL-6 were estimated in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The oxidative/antioxidants (MDA, Nrf2, TAO and GSH), inflammatory (NFκB), fibrotic (TGF-β1) and apoptotic (PI3K/Akt/FoxO1) markers in pulmonary homogenates were biochemically evaluated. Rat lung sections were examined histologically (light and electron microscopic examination) and immunohistochemically (for iNOS and CD68 positive alveolar macrophages). CP significantly increased oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis markers as well as deteriorated the histopathological pulmonary architecture. These hazardous effects were significantly ameliorated by ALO treatment. ALO protected against CP-induced lung toxicity by mitigating the oxidative, inflammatory and fibrotic impacts making it a promising pharmacological therapy for mitigating CP-induced lung toxicity.
Graphical abstract
Efficient Computation of Sequence Mappability
Authors: Charalampopoulos Panagiotis , Iliopoulos Costas S. , Kociumaka Tomasz , Pissis Solon P. , Radoszewski Jakub , Straszyński Juliusz 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSequence mappability is an important task in genome resequencing. In the (k, m)-mappability problem, for a given sequence T of length n, the goal is to compute a table whose ith entry is the number of indices $$j \ne i$$

j
≠
i

such that the length-m substrings of T starting at positions i and j have at most k mismatches. Previous works on this problem focused on heuristics computing a rough approximation of the result or on the case of $$k=1$$

k
=
1

. We present several efficient algorithms for the general case of the problem. Our main result is an algorithm that, for $$k=O(1)$$

k
=
O
(
1
)

, works in $$O(n)$$

O
(
n
)

space and, with high probability, in $$O(n \cdot \min \{m^k,\log ^k n\})$$

O
(
n
·
min

{

m
k

,

log
k

n
}

)

time. Our algorithm requires a careful adaptation of the k-errata trees of Cole et al. [STOC 2004] to avoid multiple counting of pairs of substrings. Our technique can also be applied to solve the all-pairs Hamming distance problem introduced by Crochemore et al. [WABI 2017]. We further develop $$O(n^2)$$

O
(

n
2

)

-time algorithms to compute all (k, m)-mappability tables for a fixed m and all $$k\in \{0,\ldots ,m\}$$

k
∈
{
0
,
…
,
m
}

or a fixed k and all $$m\in \{k,\ldots ,n\}$$

m
∈
{
k
,
…
,
n
}

. Finally, we show that, for $$k,m = \Theta (\log n)$$

k
,
m
=
Θ
(
log
n
)

, the (k, m)-mappability problem cannot be solved in strongly subquadratic time unless the Strong Exponential Time Hypothesis fails. This is an improved and extended version of a paper presented at SPIRE 2018.
Astrocytes mediate analogous memory in a multi-layer neuron–astrocyte network
Authors: Tsybina Yuliya , Kastalskiy Innokentiy , Krivonosov Mikhail , Zaikin Alexey , Kazantsev Victor , Gorban Alexander N. , Gordleeva Susanna 
Published: February 2022

AbstractModeling the neuronal processes underlying short-term working memory remains the focus of many theoretical studies in neuroscience. In this paper, we propose a mathematical model of a spiking neural network (SNN) which simulates the way a fragment of information is maintained as a robust activity pattern for several seconds and the way it completely disappears if no other stimuli are fed to the system. Such short-term memory traces are preserved due to the activation of astrocytes accompanying the SNN. The astrocytes exhibit calcium transients at a time scale of seconds. These transients further modulate the efficiency of synaptic transmission and, hence, the firing rate of neighboring neurons at diverse timescales through gliotransmitter release. We demonstrate how such transients continuously encode frequencies of neuronal discharges and provide robust short-term storage of analogous information. This kind of short-term memory can store relevant information for seconds and then completely forget it to avoid overlapping with forthcoming patterns. The SNN is inter-connected with the astrocytic layer by local inter-cellular diffusive connections. The astrocytes are activated only when the neighboring neurons fire synchronously, e.g., when an information pattern is loaded. For illustration, we took grayscale photographs of people’s faces where the shades of gray correspond to the level of applied current which stimulates the neurons. The astrocyte feedback modulates (facilitates) synaptic transmission by varying the frequency of neuronal firing. We show how arbitrary patterns can be loaded, then stored for a certain interval of time, and retrieved if the appropriate clue pattern is applied to the input.
Brain retraction injury after elective aneurysm clipping: a retrospective single-center cohort study
Authors: Konya B. , Dankbaar J. W. , van der Zwan A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
BRI is estimated to occur in 10% of skull-base surgery and 5% of aneurysm surgery. These estimates are based on a few studies with unclear methodology. The purpose of this study is to assess the rate of BRI occurrence, its risk factors, and the association between BRI and postoperative focal neurological deficit in patients that underwent elective aneurysm surgery in a single institution.

Methods
All patients that underwent elective aneurysm surgery in a single tertiary center in the Netherlands were included. BRI was defined as cortical hypodensities in the surgical trajectory not matching areas of large arterial infarction. Risk ratios were calculated between BRI and (a) the use of temporary parent artery occlusion during clipping, (b) anterior communicating artery (ACom), and (c) middle cerebral artery (MCA) location of the aneurysm, (d) presence of mentioned CVA risk factors, (e) the clipping of > 1 aneurysm during the same procedure, and (f) new focal neurological deficit. Statistical analysis further included t-tests and binary logistical regression analysis on the correlation between age and BRI.

Results
BRI was identified postoperatively in 42 of the 94 patients included in this study. A new focal neurological deficit was found in 7 patients in the BRI group. A total of 5 patients had persisting symptoms at 3-month follow-up, of which 2 were caused by BRI. Increasing age is a risk factor for developing BRI.

Conclusions
The high rate of BRI and significant risk of new postoperative focal neurological deficit in our patients should be considered when counseling patients for elective aneurysm surgery.
Trends in heart disease mortality among breast cancer survivors in the US, 1975–2017
Authors: Vo Jacqueline B. , Ramin Cody , Barac Ana , Berrington de Gonzalez Amy , Veiga Lene 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Heart disease is a significant concern among breast cancer survivors, in part due to cardiotoxic treatments including chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Long-term trends in heart disease mortality have not been well characterized. We examined heart disease mortality trends among US breast cancer survivors by treatment type.

Methods
We included first primary invasive breast cancer survivors diagnosed between 1975 and 2016 (aged 18–84; survived 12 + months; received initial chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or surgery) in the SEER-9 Database. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and 10-year cumulative heart disease mortality estimates accounting for competing events were calculated by calendar year of diagnosis and initial treatment regimen. Ptrends were assessed using Poisson regression. All statistical tests were 2-sided.

Results
Of 516,916 breast cancer survivors, 40,812 died of heart disease through 2017. Heart disease SMRs declined overall from 1975–1979 to 2010–2016 (SMR 1.01 [95%CI: 0.98, 1.03] to 0.74 [0.69, 0.79], ptrend < 0.001). This decline was also observed for survivors treated with radiotherapy alone and chemotherapy plus radiotherapy. A sharper decline in heart disease SMRs was observed from 1975 to 1989 for left-sided radiotherapy, compared to right-sided. In contrast, there was a non-significant increasing trend in SMRs for chemotherapy alone, and significant by regional stage (ptrend = 0.036). Largest declines in 10-year cumulative mortality were observed from 1975–1984 to 2005–2016 among surgery only: 7.02% (95%CI: 6.80%, 7.23%) to 4.68% (95%CI: 4.39%, 4.99%) and radiotherapy alone: 6.35% (95%CI: 5.95%, 6.77%) to 2.94% (95%CI: 2.73%, 3.16%).

Conclusions
We observed declining heart disease mortality trends by most treatment types yet increasing for regional stage patients treated with chemotherapy alone, highlighting a need for additional studies with detailed treatment data and cardiovascular management throughout cancer survivorship.
The ParlaMint corpora of parliamentary proceedings
Authors: Erjavec Tomaž , Ogrodniczuk Maciej , Osenova Petya , Ljubešić Nikola , Simov Kiril , Pančur Andrej , Rudolf Michał , Kopp Matyáš , Barkarson Starkaður , Steingrímsson Steinþór , Çöltekin Çağrı , de Does Jesse , Depuydt Katrien , Agnoloni Tommaso , Venturi Giulia , Pérez María Calzada , de Macedo Luciana D. , Navarretta Costanza , Luxardo Giancarlo , Coole Matthew , Rayson Paul , Morkevičius Vaidas , Krilavičius Tomas , Darǵis Roberts , Ring Orsolya , van Heusden Ruben , Marx Maarten , Fišer Darja 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the ParlaMint corpora containing transcriptions of the sessions of the 17 European national parliaments with half a billion words. The corpora are uniformly encoded, contain rich meta-data about 11 thousand speakers, and are linguistically annotated following the Universal Dependencies formalism and with named entities. Samples of the corpora and conversion scripts are available from the project’s GitHub repository, and the complete corpora are openly available via the CLARIN.SI repository for download, as well as through the NoSketch Engine and KonText concordancers and the Parlameter interface for on-line exploration and analysis.
Sketching Motherhood. Maternal Representation in Contemporary Picturebooks: The Case of Spain
Authors: De Sarlo Giulia , Guichot-Muñoz Elena , Hunt-Gómez Coral I. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAlthough gender-role stereotypes in children’s literature have been widely explored, the study of the role of mothers and their representation in picturebooks has not received much attention from the academic world, especially as far as Spain is concerned. This paper analyses a sample of seven picturebooks published in Spain over the last 7 years -all by awarded authors and widely reviewed in some of the most popular Spanish blogs on Children’s and Youth Literature (CYL)-and focused on the maternal figure. It aims to provide a panoramic view of the representations of the role of the mother as a paradigm of the changes seen in Spanish society, studying the representation of her voice, emotions, and ties to other members of her family through a systemic functional-multimodal discourse analysis applied to picturebooks. The results reveal that, for the first time, the mother’s voice and her right to explore her own feelings are included in her characterisation, and also, that her relationship with the rest of the family includes different aspects—children, society, work, partner, and self-care. In conclusion, the conception of motherhood as proposed to Spanish families through picturebooks seems to be finally changing, evolving from fixed stereotypes and allowing the expression of contradictory feelings related to maternity.
Perioperative complications after pacemaker implantation: higher complication rates with subclavian vein puncture than with cephalic vein cutdown
Authors: Hasan Fuad , Nedios Sotirios , Karosiene Zana , Scholten Marvin , Lemke Bernd , Tulka Sabrina , Knippschild Stephanie , Macher-Heidrich Susanne , Adomeit Heinz Jürgen , Zarse Markus , Bogossian Harilaos 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Purpose
The cephalic vein cutdown (CVC) and the subclavian puncture (SP) is the most common access for pacemaker implantation. The purpose of this study was to compare the peri-/postoperative complications of these approaches.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of the quality assurance data of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia was performed to evaluate the peri-/postoperative complications of first pacemaker implantation according to the venous access. The primary endpoint was defined as the occurrence of one of the following: asystole, ventricular fibrillation, pneumothorax, hemothorax, pericardial effusion, pocket hematoma, lead dislocation, lead dysfunction, postoperative wound infection or other complication requiring intervention. Descriptive analysis was done via absolute, relative frequencies and Odds Ratio. Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of the both study groups.

Results
From 139,176 pacemaker implantations from 2010 to 2014, 15,483 cases were excluded due to other/double access. The median age was 78 years and the access used was CVC for 75,251 cases (60.8%) and SP for 48,442 cases (39.2%). The implanted devices were mainly dual-chamber pacemakers (73.9% in the CVC group and 78.4% in the SP group), followed by single-chamber pacemakers VVI (24.9% and 19.9% in the CVC and SP group respectively). There were significantly fewer peri/postoperative complications in the CVC group compared to the SP group (2.49% vs. 3.64%, p = 0.0001, OR 1.47; 95% CI 1.38–1.57).

Conclusions
CVC as venous access for pacemaker implantation has significantly fewer peri/postoperative complications than SP and appears to be an advantageous technique.
Woolly beech aphid infestation reduces soil organic carbon availability and alters phyllosphere and rhizosphere bacterial microbiomes
Authors: Potthast Karin , Tischer Alexander , Herrmann Martina , Weinhold Alexander , Küsel Kirsten , van Dam Nicole M. , Michalzik Beate 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The woolly beech aphid thrives on European beech leaves, which has complex direct and indirect impacts on above- and belowground processes. A mechanistic understanding of insect-mediated changes in organic carbon (OC) availability for microbial life and its implications for element cycling is still lacking. This study aims at disentangling aphid-induced effects on phyllosphere and rhizosphere bacterial communities, as well as investigating feedbacks to OC transfer from the canopy to the mineral soil.

Methods
Following 2.5 months of infestation, we tracked the fate of OC (13CO2 pulse-labelling) in several compartments of beech sapling – soil mesocosms over 5 days. In ecosystem solutions, water extracts and soil/plant compartments we determined OC and N and solid δ13C. Bacterial community structure (16S rRNA gene targeted amplicon sequencing and quantitative PCR) and metabolite profiles (LC-qTOF-MS) were analysed.

Results
We found significantly higher aphid-mediated inputs of OC within throughfall. Honeydew-derived C on infested leaves was inconsequential for total phyllosphere bacterial abundances, but verifiably affected the community structure. In all soil compartments, cold-water extractable OC pools declined significantly by frequent inputs of readily available OC. This pattern might relate to reductions in rhizodepositions and altered microbial processing by accelerated soil C-mineralization. As a result, the abundance of metabolites changed significantly in different ecosystem solutions.

Conclusions
Our findings attest that insect infestations induce distinct direct and indirect effects on plant-insect-microbiome interactions leading to marked alterations in C dynamics. This integrated approach improves our understanding on microbial dynamics and biogeochemistry and evaluates the role of insects for ecosystem processes.
P2X7Rs: new therapeutic targets for osteoporosis
Authors: Huang Haoyun , He Yu-Mei , Lin Miao-Miao , Wang Yanchao , Zhang Xiaomei , Liang Li , He Xueling 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that both the occurrence and progression of osteoporosis are associated with inflammation, especially in primary osteoporosis. The maintenance of skeletal homeostasis is dependent on the complex regulation of bone metabolism. Numerous evidence suggested that purinoceptor networks are essential for bone homeostasis. In this review, the relationship between inflammation and the development of osteoporosis and the role of P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) in regulating the dynamic regulation of bone reconstruction were covered. We also discussed how P2X7R regulates the balance between resorption and bone formation by osteoblasts and reviewed the relevance of P2X7R polymorphisms in skeletal physiology. Finally, we analyzed potential targets of P2X7R for osteoporosis.
MicroRNA: Crucial modulator in purinergic signalling involved diseases
Authors: Guo Jing , Yang Peng , Li Yi-Fan , Tang Jin-Fan , He Zhao-Xuan , Yu Shu-Guang , Yin Hai-Yan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBoth microRNAs (miRNAs) and purinergic signalling are widely and respectively expressed in various tissues of different organisms and play vital roles in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Here, we reviewed the current publications contributed to the relationship of miRNAs and purinergic signalling in cardiovascular diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, neurological diseases, and ophthalmic diseases. We tried to decode the miRNAs-purinergic signalling network of purinergic signalling involved diseases. The evidence indicated that more than 30 miRNAs (miR-22, miR-30, miR-146, miR-150, miR-155, miR-187, etc.) directly or indirectly modulate P1 receptors (A1, A2A, A2B, A3), P2 receptors (P2X1, P2X3, P2X4, P2X7, P2Y2, P2Y6, P2Y12), and ecto-enzymes (CD39, CD73, ADA2); P2X7 and CD73 could be modulated by multiple miRNAs (P2X7: miR-21, miR-22, miR-30, miR-135a, miR-150, miR-186, miR-187, miR-216b; CD73: miR-141, miR-101, miR-193b, miR-340, miR-187, miR-30, miR-422a); miR-187 would be the common miRNA to modulate P2X7 and CD73.
Adherence to Mediterranean diet in athletes: a narrative review
Authors: Calella Patrizia , Gallè Francesca , Di Onofrio Valeria , Cerullo Giuseppe , Liguori Giorgio , Valerio Giuliana 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAthletes’ diet should be adequate both in quality and quantity, to avoid deficiencies and limit fatigue. In recent years, several nutritional recommendations have been published and a multitude of diets based on empirical approaches have been employed in the sport setting. In the last decades, the Mediterranean diet (MD) has been extensively studied for its beneficial effects on health but its adoption in athletes has never been critically analyzed. This review was aimed to assess the current literature about the athletes’ adherence to the MD pattern, also in comparison with the general population. The majority of the studies show that athletes reach a mean level of MD adherence, higher than that of the general population. However, the current evidence is still limited and based on studies using different methods. Further research is needed to better characterize this habit among athletes.
Synergetic adsorption–photocatalysis process for water treatment using TiO2 supported on waste stainless steel slag
Authors: Jimenez-Relinque Eva , Lee Siaw Foon , Plaza Lorenzo , Castellote Marta 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study presents an economical and efficient method to decolourise dye wastewater using industrial waste stainless steel slag (SSS). Titanium dioxide was immobilised on SSS by a precipitation–calcination method. Samples with different TiO2 loadings (prepared using either titanium isopropoxide precursor or commercial TiO2 nanoparticles) were used to decolourise an organic contaminant (methylene blue) under dark and UV conditions in aqueous solution, and their adsorption and photocatalytic performances were compared. Samples with 15 and 25 TiO2 wt% prepared by the precursor method had normalised photocatalytic efficiencies per gram close to that of bare TiO2; using an adsorption–photocatalysis process led to efficiencies 4.4 and 1.6 times higher than that of pure TiO2. The improvement in catalytic performance (greater for samples with less than 50% TiO2 content) may be due to better UV absorption ability (related to with the improvement of TiO2 particle dispersion) and the close TiO2 support interaction, which can eventually cause a photocatalysis-enhancing shift towards more negative oxidation potentials. The SSS also acted as an efficient adsorption trap for organic compounds. The pollutant was thus transferred to the TiO2 surface and photodegraded more rapidly and efficiently. The outstanding synergetic adsorption–photocatalysis capacities of TiO2 waste stainless steel slag composites for dye water treatment made the proposed conversion approach have great potential in practical applications.
Graphical abstract