bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in Bone Scan Index and Progression-Free and Overall Survival in Patients with Bone Metastasis of Breast Cancer
Authors: Naito Yoichi , Nakamura Rikiya , Kondo Naoto , Kikawa Yuichiro , Maeda Hideki , Akabane Hiromitsu , Sagara Yasuaki , Aihara Tomohiko , Yokota Isao , Mukai Hirofumi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
PurposeThe bone scan index (BSI) describes the tumor burden in bones as a percent of the total skeletal mass based on reference skeletal masses by bone scintigraphies. We conducted a prospective observational study to investigate the utility of BSI for breast cancer patients with bone metastasis.MethodsWe included patients with histologically or cytologically diagnosed breast cancer, radiologically or histologically confirmed bone metastasis, and receipt of less than three lines of systemic treatments. Bone scintigraphies were performed at the period of study enrollment and 12 and 24 weeks later. BSI was evaluated centrally. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS); secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and skeletal-related events. ResultsA total of 167 patients were enrolled and 153 were evaluable in the analysis. All the patients had bone metastasis; 45.8 % (n = 70) had bone-only disease, 17.0 % (n = 26) had lung, and 4.6 % (n = 7) had liver metastasis. The change in BSI from baseline to 12 weeks was significantly correlated with PFS (HR 1.25, 95%CI 1.13-1.40, p<0.01) and OS (HR 1.26, 95%CI 1.08-1.47, p<0.01). The change in BSI from baseline to 24 weeks was also significantly correlated with PFS (HR 1.32, 95%CI 1.06-1.65, p = 0.01) and OS (HR 1.47, 95%CI 1.11-1.95, p<0.01). The baseline BSI was not associated with PFS or OS.ConclusionAmong the metastatic breast cancer patients with bone metastasis, BSI changes from baseline to 12 weeks and 24 weeks were significantly related with PFS and OS.
Antibacterial Activity Studies of Essential Oils from Red Sage (Lantana Camara)
Authors: Ajayi Omoyemi Oluwatosin , Aborode Abdullah Tunde , Subuloye Opeyemi Isaac , Ajagbe Abayomi Oyeyemi , Sillanpaa Mika , Ogemdi Iwuozor Kignsley , Obadowo Babatunde Samuel , Arinola Ridwan Iyanu , Batiha Gaber El-Saber 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Essential oils are important source of rich medicinal compounds. They are highly volatile, aromatic compounds from natural origins. The essential oils cause the hydrophobility of the bacteria cytoplasm, resulting to the cell wall degradation. The recent activity studies of Lantana camara have mapped out the need to investigate the antibacterial potency of its essential oil. Herein, the result and discussion of the characterization with their antibacterial activity of Lantana camara was reported; the Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) on the bacteria (Positive and Negative Gram) with Ciprofloxacin a known antibiotic as the positive control. The broth and agar diffusion method were used in estimating Zone of the inhibition. Oil show moderate antibacterial potency with respect to each of the bacterium used; the potency tends to increase considerably with increase in concentration (25% <50% < 80% < 100%). The zone of inhibition exhibited by the assay at 100% concentration of the essential oil on E. coli was the closest shown to that of the control (ciprofloxacin), also the MIC on E. coli at 100% concentration of the essential oil was greater than that of the control (ciprofloxacin). Consequently, essential oils from lantana camara becomes a wellspring of antibiotics for restraining bacteria action.
Investigating Cervical Flexion-Relaxation Ratio in Patients with Cervical Lateral Spinal Stenosis Compared with Asymptomatic Controls: a case control study
Authors: Akbarnejad-Basra Zahra , Javanshir Khodabakhsh , Saadat Payam , Mousavi-Khatir Roghayeh 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The cervical flexion-relaxation ratio (FRR) is known as a quantitative measure of the ability of the cervical extensor muscles to relax during the full flexion of the cervical spine. In this sense, the variations in the cervical FRR indicate some changes in the neuromuscular pattern of extensor muscles, and consequently, their functions. Compared with patients suffering from non-specific neck pain, the changes occurring in the pattern of the neck muscles' functions in cases with cervical spinal stenosis are not yet well understood. Therefore, this study aimed to compare cervical FRR in patients with cervical lateral spinal stenosis and asymptomatic controls.
Methods
In total, 25 patients with cervical lateral spinal stenosis (aged 44.7±10.4) and 25 asymptomatic individuals (aged 44.3±10.8) were included in this study. These participants performed full-neck flexion, and at the same time, the electrical activity of the cervical erector spinae (CES) muscles was recorded bilaterally. Cervical FRR was further calculated by analyzing the electromyographic (EMG) data recorded for each muscle.
Results
The mean cervical FRR was significantly lower (P<0.05) and the FRR asymmetry (∆FRR) was significantly higher (P=0.003) in the patients than asymptomatic controls. In addition, the cervical FRR of the involved side was significantly lower in the patients compared with that in the non-involved one (P=0.004). There was also a significant difference in the cervical extension (CE) angle between both study groups (P<0.001), while the cervical flexion (CF) angle was not different (P>0.05).
Conclusion
According to the study results, it was concluded that the neuromuscular pattern of the cervical muscles could change asymmetrically and the CE angle could decline in individuals with cervical lateral spinal stenosis. Therefore, such patients will be more susceptible to biomechanical changes and persistent pain if the cervical muscles are not considered in their treatment.
Identification of an inhibitory pocket in falcilysin bound by chloroquine provides a new avenue for malaria drug development
Authors:   Grennady Wirjanata1, Dziekan Jerzy , Lin Jianqing , Sahili Abbas El , Zulkifli Nur Elyza Binte , Boentoro Josephine , Kai Roy Tham Jun , Tjia Seth , Go Ka Diam , Yu Han , Partridge Anthony , Olsen David , Prabhu Nayana , Sobota Radoslaw , Nordlund Pär , Lescar Julien , Bozdech Zbynek 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Despite their widespread use, our understanding of how malaria drugs work remains limited. This includes chloroquine (CQ), the most successful antimalarial ever deployed. Here, we used MS-CETSA and dose-response transcriptional profiling to identify possible protein targets and mechanism of action (MOA) of CQ, as well as MK-4815, a malaria drug candidate with a proposed MOA similar to CQ. Both compounds bind falcilysin (FLN) and hemoglobin digestion was the key biological pathway affected, with distinct MOA profiles between CQ-sensitive and CQ-resistant parasites. We showed that CQ and MK-4815 inhibit FLN proteolytic activity, and using X-ray crystallography, that they occupy a hydrophobic pocket situated within the large peptide substrate binding cavity of FLN. Studies using transgenic parasite line suggest the potential role of FLN in the CQ and MK-4815 MOA. Altogether, our data reveal a druggable pocket in the FLN substrate binding cavity that can be explored in future antimalarial development efforts.
Evaluation of Novel Obesity- and Lipid-Related Indices as Predictors of Abnormal Glucose Tolerance in Chinese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Yin Qianqian , Yan Xiaonan , Cao Yijuan , Zheng Jianhua 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to evaluate the performance of Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI), visceral adiposity index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), triglyceride glucose (TyG) as indices in screening abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT) in Chinese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), using the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as a reference test. In addition, we essentially compared the abilities of these indices with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fasting plasma glucose (FPG).
Materials and Methods
All 1113 PCOS patients evaluated in this study underwent OGTTs. The 2-h post-oral glucose load (2 h-PG) level was used to categorize subjects into two groups: those having AGT or normal glucose tolerance (NGT) levels.
Results
A statistically significant positive correlation between levels of 2 h-PG and FPG, BMI, WC, LAP, VAI, CVAI, TyG, (P < 0.05), was observed. The strongest correlation was found between the levels of 2 h-PG and CVAI (r = 0.469). The CVAI provided the highest area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) for AGT, followed by LAP, BMI, TyG, VAI, WC, and FPG. The CVAI of 32.61 (with AUC: 0.758, sensitivity: 73.4%, specificity: 69.9%) was found to be the cut-off point for AGT in Chinese women with PCOS.
Conclusions
The CVAI may be used as a screening indicator of AGT in Chinese women with PCOS when there is no time or possibility to perform an OGTT.
Conversion of Chirality to Twisting via 1D-to-2D Growth of Graphene Spirals
Authors: Wang Zhu-Jun , Kong Xiao , Huang Yuan , Bao Lihong , Cao Kecheng , Hu Yuxiong , Cai Jun , Wang Lifen , Li Jun , Chen Hui , Pang Fei , Cheng Zhihai , Bábor Petr , Kolibal Miroslav , Liu Zhongkai , Chen Yulin , Zhang Qiang , Cui Yi , Liu Kaihui , Yang Haitao , Bao Xinhe , Gao Hong-Jun , Liu Zhi , Ji Wei , Ding Feng , Willinger Marc 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The properties of two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials can be tuned through nanostructuring or controlled layer stacking, where interlayer hybridization induces exotic electronic states and transport phenomena. Here, we describe an assisted self-assembly of twisted layer graphene. The process, which can be implemented in standard chemical vapour deposition (CVD) growth, is best described using the analogy to Origami and Kirigami of paper and involves wrinkle formation, folding, tearing, and re-growth. Inherent to the process is the formation of intertwined graphene spirals and conversion of the chiral angle of one-dimensional (1D) wrinkles into a 2D twist angle of a three-dimensional (3D) superlattice. The approach can be extended to other foldable 2D materials and facilitates the production of miniaturized electronic components, including capacitors, resistors, inductors, and super-conductors.
Dopamine transporter single-photon emission computed tomography derived radiomics signature for detecting Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Shiiba Takuro , Takano Kazuki , Takaki Akihiro , Suwazono Shugo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: We hypothesised that the radiomics signature, which includes texture information of dopamine transporter single-photon emission computed tomography (DAT-SPECT) images for Parkinson’s disease (PD), may assist semi-quantitative indices. Herein, we constructed a radiomics signature using DAT-SPECT-derived radiomics features that effectively discriminated PD from healthy individuals and evaluated its classification performance.Results: We analysed 291 cases of both normal control (NC, n = 70) and PD (n = 221) groups from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative database. Data were divided into the training and test sets. DAT-SPECT images were spatially normalised to the Montreal Neurologic Institute space. We calculated 930 radiomics features, including intensity- and texture-based features in the caudate, putamen, and pallidum volumes of interest. The striatum uptake ratios (SURs) of the caudate, putamen, and pallidum were also calculated as conventional semi-quantification indices. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator was used for feature selection and construction of the radiomics signature. The four classification models were constructed using a radiomics signature and/or semi-quantitative indicator. Furthermore, we compared the classification performance of the semi-quantitative indicator alone and the combination with the radiomics signature for the classification models. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the classification performance. The classification performance of SURputamen was significantly higher than that of other semi-quantitative indicators. The radiomics signature resulted in a slightly increased area under the ROC curve (AUC) compared to SURputamen in the training and test sets. When combined with SURputamen and radiomics signature, all classification models showed slightly higher AUCs than that of SURputamen alone.Conclusion: We constructed a DAT-SPECT image-derived radiomics signature. Performance analysis showed that the current radiomics signature would be helpful for the diagnosis of PD and has the potential to provide new diagnostic value.
A Nomogram Individually Predicts the Overall Survival of Patients with Breast Cancer after Surgery：a Retrospective Study in the SEER Database and China
Authors: Zheng Yufen , Jin Minya , Chen Shiyong , Feng Yijun , Du Juping , Li Jun , Wang Jing 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Patients with breast cancer have a poor prognosis. We want to construct a more elaborative and validate nomograms for predicting overall survival in patients with breast cancer.Methods: A total of 68363 breast cancer patients who underwent surgery between 2011 and 2015 were recruited from the Surveillance Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. After eliminating lacking clinical information, 60445 eligible breast cancer patients were randomly divided into the training corhort(n=42327) and the internal validation corhort(n=18118) in a ratio of 7:3. The endpoint of this study was overall survival(OS). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models was performed to identify independent risk factors of OS in the training corhort, and then the nomogram was constructed. The nomogram predictive performance was evaluated by the Harrell’s concordance index (C-index), the time-dependent receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve (AUC), calibration curve, decision curve analysis(DCA) and clinical impact curve. Moreover, the nomogram was verified by the internal validation corhort and external validation corhort.Results: Age, gender, grade, 7th AJCC stage, ER status, PR status, Her-2 Status, breast subtype were found to be independent risk factor of OS(P<0.05). The nomogram integrating these eight factors was constructed and proved excellent discrimination capability in the training corhort(C-index, 0.724 (95%CI, 0.716-0.732))，which was demonstrated in the internal validation corhort(C-index, 0.717 (95% CI, 0.705-0.729) and external validation corhort(C-index, 0.793 (95% CI, 0.724-0.862)). Calibration curve for the probability of 1-, 3- and 5-year OS demonstated good concordance between nomogram prediction and actual observed results in both the training and validation corhort. Besides, the DCA and clinical impact curve indicated the clinical usefulness of our constructed nomogram.Conclusions: We developed a nomogram that integrate clinicopathological variables, which can precisely predict the 1-, 3- and 5-year OS of breast cancer patients after surgery. Validation uncovered preeminent discrimination power for the nomogram, indicating that it presents satisfactory clinical application. Therefore, the nomogram can help clinicians in formulating the suitable therapy strategies for individual patients.
Reachable Set Analysis of Practical Trans-Lunar Orbit via a Retrograde Semi-Analytic Model
Authors: He Bo-yong , Wu Sheng-gang , Li Heng-nian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Different from the Apollo flight mode, a safer trans-lunar flight mode for the crews is preferred. The previous-arrived lunar module rendezvous with the crew exploration vehicle on the low lunar destination orbit, and then the crews ride the lunar module for descending the lunar surface destination. The lunar module, which includes the descent and ascent stages, flies from low Earth orbit to the low lunar destination orbit with two tangential impulses. The low lunar destination orbital reachable-set of its practical trans-lunar orbit limits the crew’s lunar surface reachable area. Therefore, the low lunar destination orbital reachable-set of the practical trans-lunar orbit is analyzed in this paper. A retrograde semi-analytic model is proposed for rapidly computing the practical two-impulse trans-lunar orbit firstly, which refers the ephemeris table twice for more precision perilune orbital elements. Then, the envelope of the reachable-set, which is generated using the multiple-level traversal searching approach with the retrograde semi-analytic model, is re-checked by the continuation theory with the high-precision orbital model. Besides, some factors that affect the reachable-set are also measured. The results show that neither the Earth-Moon distance nor the trans-lunar duration affects the reachable-set. However, if the trans-lunar injection inclination is smaller than the inclination of the moon’s path, the reachable-set becomes smaller or even reduces into an empty set. In brief, the proposed retrograde semi-analytic model for computing the reachable-set provides a helpful and fast tool for selecting an applicable lunar surface landing site for the manned lunar mission overall design.
Survival, Growth, and Productivity of Rhizophora Racemosa Transplanted in Natural Ecosystems: Implications for Mangrove Restoration
Authors: Sinsin Laurenda Corine Bitossessi , Salako Kolawolé Valère , Tohoun Roméo Jesukpégo , Kakaï Romain Glèlè 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Mangroves are coastal wetland ecosystems of tropical and subtropical regions. Their development and trajectories are mainly driven by water and substrate salinities. Therefore, understanding how main mangrove species respond to salinity gradient when transplanted in natural environment is essential for their restoration. This study assessed the survival, growth, and productivity of Rhizophora racemosa seedlings in response to gradient of salinity. Seedlings were grown in nursery under low (3-5 psu) and medium (15-17 psu) water salinities for thirty days and transplanted to three mangrove sites with various salinities (4.6, 11.41, and 18.27 psu). Seedling survival and growth were monitored monthly for 6 months. At the end of month 6, total biomass was harvested and partitioned. Results showed that growth, survival, and productivity of R. racemosa were mainly influenced not by the salinity under which the propagules were raised in nursery but rather by site. Survival was higher (88.33%) at the site with the highest salinity. Total plant biomass was similar across sites, but root biomass and root weight ratio were higher on sites with higher salinity. Biomass was disproportionately higher in stems (45–54%) than in roots (28–37%), and leaves (15–18%). We suggest that restoration is done in appropriate period, ideally one month before the start of rainy season not only to allow seedlings to well establish their rooting system in the substrate before rains start but also to favour seedling growth, because of substrate salinity dilution by fresh water from rains and flows from uplands.
Simulation Analysis and Experiment of Instantaneous Temperature Field for Grinding Face Gear with A Grinding Worm
Authors: Guo Hui , Wang Xuyang , Zhao Ning , Fu Bibo , Liu Li 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a transient temperature calculation model for simulating grinding face gear with a grinding worm is proposed. Firstly, according to the principle of differential geometry, the equations for determining contact arc length and contact width of the instantaneous grinding area between the worm grinding wheel and the face gear are deduced. Based on the method for the single abrasive particle cutting force and grinding heat, a mathematical model for the grinding force and grinding heat of the face gear is established, and the theoretical calculation formula of the instantaneous maximum temperature for grinding teeth of the face gear is obtained. Secondly, a finite element model of temperature field for face gear grinding with moving heat load of grinding worm wheel is established, and the influence law of grinding process parameters on tooth surface temperature is studied. Finally, the validity of the temperature field simulation model is verified by multi-group temperature testing experiments for face gear grinding.
The Effect of Work Setting and Demographic Factors on Nurses’ Caring Behaviour in Sabah, Malaysia
Authors: Arsat Norkiah , Lah Nik Amin Sahid Nik , Thomas Deena , Soong Sui Fun , Chong Li Tsu , Sawatan Waidah , Dasan Norsimah , Wider Walton 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The uniqueness of nursing profession contributes to the development in knowledge, and experience along with increasing age, education, economy, and position as well as forming a unique gender role throughout the life of this profession. Thus, the development and advancement of the demographic characteristics of nurses developed while in this profession exerts a very large influence on the caring behaviour of nurses. The aim of this study was to identify the effect of work setting and demographic factors on nurses’ caring behaviour and to identify the differences in nurses’ caring behaviors based on demographic factors between nurses in public hospitals and in public health services in Sabah, Malaysia.Methods: This research is a cross-sectional study using the survey method. Data were collected from 3,532 nurses in public hospitals and public health services within Sabah, Malaysia. Data were analysed using two-way ANOVA.Results: The findings reveal that age, education, economy, position, and experience had a significant effect on caring behaviour. Additionally, there are differences in nurses’ caring behaviors based on demographics factors between nurses working in public hospitals and public health services.Conclusion: The present research has provided convergent evidence on the effect of demographic factors on nurses caring behavior and the differences in caring behavior based on demographic factors among nurses in public hospitals and public health services in Sabah, Malaysia.