bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To Assess the Knowledge Regarding Glaucoma among General Population
Authors: Dhengare Archana , Raut Arti 
Published: January 2022

Background: The level of knowledge of glaucoma and their possible determinants in a group of people diagnosed with glaucoma and in a population based group without glaucoma. Studies performed on the prevalence of glaucoma have reported a high proportion of undiagnosed patients. Late diagnosis is related to increased risk of glaucoma associated with visual impairment and disability. Lack of awareness and non-availability of appropriate screening procedures are among the major reasons for non-diagnosis or late diagnosis of glaucoma. The present study has been undertaken to evaluate the level of awareness about glaucoma among the general population.
Objective: 1. To assess the knowledge regarding glaucoma among general population. 2. To find an association between the level of knowledge with selected socio demographic variables.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in selected hospital. Descriptive research approach was used in this study. Hundred people in the general population were selected for the study. Structured knowledge questionnaire was used to collect the data.
Results: The show that 1 (1%) had poor level of knowledge, 27(27%) were having an average level of knowledge. Fifty seven percent (57%) had a good level of knowledge, fifth teen present 15 (15%) had very good knowledge. None exhibited excellent level of knowledge. The minimum score was 3 and the maximum score was 12, with the mean score for the test being 7.61 ±1.814 and mean percentage of knowledge was 50.73%.
Effects of Terazosin, Silodosin and Alfuzosin on Depression and Anxiety in Mice
Authors: Tanyeri Mehmet Hanifi , Buyukokuroglu Mehmet Emin , Tanyeri Pelin , Kaya Rumeysa Keles , Ozturk Aykut , Bozkurt Şeyma Nur Basarir , Ormanci Dilara , Mutlu Oguz 
Published: January 2022

Aims: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is common urological disease, is characterized by lower urinary tract syndrome, usually associated with sexual dysfunctions. The aim of present study is to investigate the effects of terazosin, silodosin and alfuzosin which are the main treatment options for BPH on depression and anxiety to understand whether these drugs may be effective in BPH caused mood disorders.
Study Design: All the drugs were given intraperitoneally (i.p.) in a volume of 0.1 ml per 10 g body weight of mice. Drugs were given 30 min before the experiment. We investigated the effects of terazosin, silodosin and alfuzosin on depression and anxiety, in mice.
Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Department of Pharmacology and Department of Urology, Sakarya University, Animal Research Center, between June 2019 and September 2020.
Methodology: Here, we examined the effects of terazosin (0.5, 1, 2 mg/kg), silodosin silodosin (1, 3, 10 mg/kg) and alfuzosin (3, 6 and 9 mg/kg) on depression and anxiety by using forced swimming test and elevated plus maze test, respectively, in mice (n:96). Additionally, the locomotor activity was evaluated by open field test.
Results: All doses of terazosin, alfuzosin and silodosin significantly increased immobility time, compared to saline group. Silodosin and alfuzosin prolonged the time spent in open arms but terazosin decreased the time spent in open arms compared to saline group. Terazosin, silodosin (1 and 3 mg/kg) and alfuzosin (3 and 6 mg/kg) did not have any effect on the number of entries into the open arms while silodosin (10 mg/kg) and alfuzosin (9 mg/kg) increased the number of entries into open arms.
Conclusion: We found that silodosin and alfuzosin had antidepressant and anxiolytic-like effects, while terazosin had depressant and anxiogenic effects. Patients with BPH who need antidepressant and anxiolytic treatment can be treated with a single drug instead of multiple medications.
Exploring the Factors Affecting Organic Food Purchase as Immunity Booster during the Pandemic
Authors: Domle Vajreshwari , Chib Shiney , Ambad Ranjit , Jha Roshan Kumar 
Published: January 2022

Organic food products are gaining popularity and are widely accepted by the consumers all over the world. As they are grown and processed without the use of chemicals, consumers feel that it is safe for consumption and does not have any health hazards. The ongoing pandemic situation, COVID-19 has also given a momentum to the acceptance level of these products, as producers are marketing their products with a tag, ‘immunity booster’. This study was an effort to identify and validate the dimensions influencing organic food purchase by the consumers. Questionnaire having 45 questions was developed and administered to 750 respondents. Exploratory factor analysis was applied to explore the factors determining organic food purchase. Exploratory factor analysis yielded five-factor structure. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to verify and confirm, the five-factor structure. Multiple Regression Analysis was applied to identify the most prominent factor, which influenced the customer to make the purchase.
Cord Bilirubin Value as a Predictor of Significant Hyperbilirubinemia in Abo Incompatiblity
Authors: Sundaram C. Shanmuga 
Published: January 2022

Background: Hyperbilirubinemia is a condition in which the blood contains too much bilirubin and producing jaundice (yellow coloring of the eyes and skin). Low bilirubin levels in newborns are common and do not pose any problems; they will resolve on their own within the first week of life. Studying the cord bilirubin levels in new born babies is significant to predict the risk of abo incompatiblity.
Methods: A total of 129 babies born to O blood group mother were included in the study. Out of which 111 babies were with risk of ABO incompatibility. Among them 17 babies developed pathological hyperbilirubinemia. None of the 0 positive babies developed pathological hyperbilirubinemia.
Results: The peak bilirubin level was attained on 3rd and 4th day for all the babies and was taken as the outcome measure and cord serum bilirubin was taken as the predictive factor. The incidence of pathological hyperbilirubinemia is 13.2%. The mode of delivery had no positive association with the development of pathological hyperbilirubinemia. Male babies had positive ociation for pathological hyperbilirubinemia without any statistical significance. Incidence of pathological hyperbilirubinemia is higher in babies with a birth weight of <3 kg.
Conclusion: A cord bilirubin value of 2.65 mg/dL can be used as a cut off for predicting pathological hyperbilirubinemia. Infants with bilirubin level more than the cutoff values were subjected to early intervention with complete recovery. None of the babies had developed encephalopathy and its sequelae.
Formulation Development of Novel Curcumin Analogue Loaded Non-aqueous Gel and Curcumin Analogue Loaded Nanoparticle (CA-NP) Gel for Topical Use and In-vitro Antioxidant Study
Authors: Gokhale Kunal M. , Pandey Dhara S. 
Published: January 2022

In this paper we have reported development of suitable dosage form for novel curcumin analogue synthesized in our laboratory. The work involves preformulation studies of synthesized curcumin analogue followed by preparation and optimization of non-aqueous gel and curcumin loaded (CA-NP) nanoparticle gel. The formulated gels were observed visually for clarity, homogeneity, and phase separation. They were tested for their appearance and presence of any aggregates. Curcumin analogue loaded PLGA nanoparticles were prepared by using the nanoprecipitation -solvent evaporation method and further optimized. In-vitro antioxidant activity of formulation was then evaluated using DPPH radical scavenging activity. The gel exhibited good antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 5.39 μg/ml.
Impact of COVID-19 on Taste and Smell Sensation among Population in Western Region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Issa Lotfi , Alotaibi Feras , Almalki Abdulrahman , Albaradi Abdulelah , Alawi Hamad , Althobaiti Khalid , Althwiby Meshary 
Published: January 2022

Background: COVID-19 is pandemic disease caused by (SARS-CoV-2) first discovered in China in December 2019. It affects smell and taste sensation among large proportion of patients with COVID-19.
The aims of this study is to asses impact of COVID-19 on smell and taste sensation among COVID-19 patients in western region of Saudi Arabia.
Methods: The study design was descriptive cross sectional and our sample was be is 500 patients with COVID-19. The data was collected by using structured questionnaire which was distributed electronically and contain (sociodemographic data, diagnosed with COVID-19, status of smell and taste sensation…). The data was analyzed using SPSS program version 22.
Results: We were able to collect 404 responses to our questionnaire with response rate of 80.8 %. The mean age of total sample was 32.1 years with standard deviation of 14.34 years and 56.1 % of participants were females. Prevalence of weak or loss of smell or taste after infection with the emerging corona virus was 74.4%. Moreover, we found that patients who had weak or loss of smell or taste because of COVID-19 were older than those whose sense did not be affected. Moreover, non- Saudi Arabian were more affected by losing of smell and taste with significant difference (P=0.026). Considering medical conditions of patients, we found that patients with any medical conditions were associated with significantly higher incidence of losing smell and taste.
Conclusion: The prevalence of losing smell and taste among patients with COVID-19 in our sample were high and was higher in older patients, male, Saudi arabian and those with other medical conditions. More investigations should be conducted to assess the same variables using retrospective study design.
Visualising a Transformative Space that Puts People and Climate First
Authors: Brett Miriam 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMiriam Brett, Director of Research and Advocacy at London‐based think tank Common Wealth, believes the Covid‐19 pandemic has exposed numerous inequalities in our societies. Common Wealth engages in projects that seek to replace these inequalities with sustainable, equitable and remodelled economic frameworks on which our cities and landscapes can be rebuilt. Here she describes a recent scheme where Green New Deal policies are implemented in Glasgow.
Monsoonal Solidarity: A Global Approach to Climate Justice
Authors: Bremner Lindsay 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDirector of Research at the School of Architecture and Cities at London's University of Westminster and former Principal Investigator of the Monsoon Assemblages research project, Lindsay Bremner investigates the historic, colonial, financial and contemporary dynamic between the Global North and the Global South, particularly in relation to the monsoon and climate justice.
Engineered Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Biotherapy Platform for Targeted Photodynamic Immunotherapy of Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhang Hanxi , Feng Yi , Xie Xiaoxue , Song Ting , Yang Geng , Su Qingqing , Li Tingting , Li Shun , Wu Chunhui , You Fengming , Liu Yiyao , Yang Hong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractInterleukin‐12 (IL12) is a pleiotropic cytokine with promising prospects for cancer immunotherapy. Though IL12 gene‐based therapy can overcome the fatal hurdle of severe systemic toxicity, targeted delivery and tumor‐located expression of IL12 gene remain the challenging issues yet to be solved. Photo‐immunotherapy emerging as a novel and precise therapeutic strategy, which elaborately combines immune‐activating agents with light‐triggered photosensitizers for potentiated anticancer efficacy. Herein, an engineered stem cell‐based biotherapy platform (MB/IL12‐MSCs) incorporating immune gene plasmid IL12 (pIL12) and photosensitizer methylene blue (MB) is developed to realize tumor‐homing delivery of therapeutic agents and photo‐immunotherapy efficacy enhancement. The biotherapy platform retained tumor‐tropic migration and penetration functions, which improved the intratumoral distribution of therapeutic agents, thereby promoting photodynamic effects and reinforcing immune responses. Importantly, MB/IL12‐MSCs restricted the expression and distribution of IL12 at tumor site, which minimized potential toxicity while eliciting sufficient anticancer immunity. In noteworthy, activation of immunity induced by MB/IL12‐MSCs established long‐term systemic immunologic memory to prevent tumor relapse. The MB/IL12‐MSCs outperform their monotherapy counterparts in breast tumor models, and the growth of tumor significantly arrested as well as re‐challenging abscopal tumor growth slowdown. Collectively, this work reveals that MSCs‐based strategy may advance more efficient, durable, and safer cancer photo‐immunotherapy.
Replicating the Cynandra opis Butterfly's Structural Color for Bioinspired Bigrating Color Filters
Authors: Cao Xiaobao , Du Ying , Guo Yujia , Hu Guohang , Zhang Ming , Wang Lu , Zhou Jiangtao , Gao Quan , Fischer Peter , Wang Jing , Stavrakis Stavros , deMello Andrew 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMultilayer grating structures, such as those found on the wings of the butterfly Cynandra opis, are able to interact with light to generate structural coloration. When illuminated and viewed at defined angles, such structural color is characterized by exceptional purity and brightness. To provide further insight into the mechanism of structural coloration, two‐photon laser lithography is used to fabricate bioinspired bigrating nanostructures, whose optical properties may be controlled by variation of the height and period of the grating features. Through the use of both spectral measurements and finite‐element method simulations, herein specific feature dimensions are identified that due to the combined effects of multilayer interference and diffraction generate excellent spectral characteristics and high color purity over the entire visible range. Additionally, it is demonstrated that variation of feature period and/or height plays a central role in controlling both hue and purity. Importantly, such tuneable bigrating structures are of significant utility in color filtering applications.
Eliminating the Perovskite Solar Cell Manufacturing Bottleneck via High‐Speed Flexography
Authors: Huddy Julia E. , Ye Youxiong , Scheideler William J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPerovskite solar cells have potential to deliver terawatt‐scale power via low‐cost manufacturing. However, scaling is limited by slow, high‐temperature annealing of the inorganic transport layers and the lack of reliable, large‐area methods for depositing thin (<30 nm) charge transport layers (CTLs). We present a method for scaling ultrathin NiOx hole transport layers (HTLs) by pairing high‐speed (60 m min−1) flexographic printing with rapidly annealed sol–gel inks to achieve the fastest reported process for fabrication of inorganic CTLs for perovskites. By engineering precursor rheology for rapid film‐leveling, NiOx HTLs were printed with high uniformity and ultralow pinhole densities resulting in photovoltaic performance exceeding that of spin‐coated devices. Integrating these printed transport layers in planar inverted PSCs allows rapid fabrication of high‐efficiency (PCE > 15%) CsxFA1−xPbI solar cells with improved short circuit currents (Jsc) of 22.4 mA cm−2. Rapid annealing of the HTL accelerates total processing time by 60X, while maintaining the required balance of optoelectronic properties and the chemical composition for effective hole collection. These results build an improved understanding of ultrathin NiOx and reveal opportunities to enhance device performance via scalable manufacturing of inorganic CTLs.
Genetic diversity in tropical wheat germplasm and selection via multitrait index
Authors: Lima Gabriel Wolter , e Silva Caique Machado , Mezzomo Henrique Caletti , Casagrande Cleiton Renato , Olivoto Tiago , Borem Aluizio , Nardino Maicon 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGenetic diversity studies and analysis of the selection gain of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes released over the decades allow the planning of strategies and support decision‐making for crossing in wheat breeding. We investigated genetic diversity in tropical wheat germplasm, discussed the main trends in breeding programs and selected potential parents. Therefore, a trial with 90 commercial cultivars released in Brazil between 1800–2000 and 2001–2019 was conducted during the 2020 winter crop in Viçosa, MG, Brazil. The following traits were evaluated: spike height and plant height, heading date, spike weight, grain mass per spike, 100‐grain mass, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, hectoliter weight, and grain yield. The data were subjected to restricted maximum likelihood or best linear unbiased prediction analysis and used to calculate the standardized average Euclidean distance and then unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean clusters were generated from the genotypic distance matrix. The selection of the genotypes with the best performance in each phase was accomplished using the multitrait genotype‐ideotype distance index (MGIDI). High genetic diversity was observed between the genotypes evaluated. Multitrait index revealed selection gain in the desired direction in the two phases. The present study will support the efficient use of the genetic variability present in tropical wheat germplasm. Three genotypes were selected by MGIDI in the first phase, while in the second phase 12 were selected. Two groups of dissimilar and potential genotypes were proposed to compose a partial diallel.
On estimating the interface normal and curvature in piecewise linear interface calculation‐volume of fluid approach for three‐dimensional arbitrary meshes
Authors: Amani Ahmad , Muela Jordi , Schillaci Eugenio , Castro Jesús 
Published: January 2022

AbstractVolume of fluid (VOF) method with its Piecewise Linear Interface Calculation (PLIC) reconstruction algorithm is one of the most popular approaches in numerical simulation of interfacial flows with a wide range of applications in different areas. In an effort to evaluate the similarity of the PLIC‐generated planes in comparison with the exact interface, a point‐cloud, based on the polygon centers of PLIC planes is extracted, which later is used to form a triangular grid that represents the estimated interface. The main objective of this article is to evaluate the interface geometrical properties based on the extracted triangular grid of the interface. The methods presented in this article, characterized by a higher spatially convergence ratio, are compared with the commonly used methods. The proposed methods are tested for two 3‐dimensional general test cases, where an evident improvement is seen in calculation accuracy and spatial convergence of the errors of interface normal vector and curvature.
Separation of He/N2/CH4 ternary mixtures by a triple‐reflux pressure swing adsorption process
Authors: Guo Yalou , Jusko Vincent , Xiao Gongkui , Hanekom Jurgen , Hu Guoping , Webley Paul A. , May Eric F. , Li Gang Kevin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractConventional pressure swing adsorption (PSA) processes can only produce one high purity product in a single stage, whereas the state‐of‐art dual‐reflux PSA (DR‐PSA) can produce two high purity products simultaneously. However, multicomponent gas separation is often required in the industry, targeting at recovering several valued products at the same time. In this study, we propose a novel adsorption process, namely triple‐reflux PSA (TR‐PSA), to separate three components simultaneously. A middle product outlet and a middle reflux stream were introduced to the adsorption columns of a conventional DR‐PSA process to separate ternary mixtures of nitrogen, methane, and helium. Nonisothermal dynamic models were built to investigate the impacts of operating parameters particularly the location of the middle reflux/product stream and the middle reflux flow rates. Results showed that the TR‐PSA process successfully separated ternary mixtures obtaining three enriched products simultaneously in a single stage, yielding a separation performance comparable to that of the double‐stage DR‐PSA with significantly lower capital and energy cost.
Risk Factors for Phenoconversion in Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder
Authors: Zhang Hui , Iranzo Alex , Högl Birgit , Arnulf Isabelle , Ferini‐Strambi Luigi , Manni Raffaele , Miyamoto Tomoyuki , Oertel Wolfgang H. , Dauvilliers Yves , Ju Yo‐EI , Puligheddu Monica , Sonka Karel , Pelletier Amélie , Montplaisir Jacques Y. , Stefani Ambra , Ibrahim Abubaker , Frauscher Birgit , Leu‐Semenescu Smaranda , Zucconi Marco , Terzaghi Michele , Miyamoto Masayuki , Janzen Annette , Figorilli Michela , Fantini Maria L. , Postuma Ronald B. 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveThis study was undertaken to follow up predictive factors for α‐synuclein–related neurodegenerative diseases in a multicenter cohort of idiopathic/isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD).MethodsPatients with iRBD from 12 centers underwent a detailed assessment for potential environmental and lifestyle risk factors via a standardized questionnaire at baseline. Patients were then prospectively followed and received assessments for parkinsonism or dementia during follow‐up. The cumulative incidence of parkinsonism or dementia was estimated with competing risk analysis. Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate the predictive value of environmental/lifestyle factors over a follow‐up period of 11 years, adjusting for age, sex, and center.ResultsOf 319 patients who were free of parkinsonism or dementia, 281 provided follow‐up information. After a mean follow‐up of 5.8 years, 130 (46.3%) patients developed neurodegenerative disease. The overall phenoconversion rate was 24.2% after 3 years, 44.8% after 6 years, and 67.5% after 10 years. Patients with older age (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.05) and nitrate derivative use (aHR = 2.18) were more likely to phenoconvert, whereas prior pesticide exposure (aHR = 0.21–0.64), rural living (aHR = 0.53), lipid‐lowering medication use (aHR = 0.59), and respiratory medication use (aHR = 0.36) were associated with lower phenoconversion risk. Risk factors for those converting to primary dementia and parkinsonism were generally similar, with dementia‐first converters having lower coffee intake and beta‐blocker intake, and higher occurrence of family history of dementia.InterpretationOur findings elucidate the predictive values of environmental factors and comorbid conditions in identifying RBD patients at higher risk of phenoconversion. ANN NEUROL 2022;91:404–416
Torque‐Driven Orientation Motion of Chemotactic Colloidal Motors
Authors: Zhou Chang , Gao Changyong , Wu Yingjie , Si Tieyan , Yang Mingcheng , He Qiang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe report a direct experimental observation of the torque‐driven active reorientation of glucose‐fueled flasklike colloidal motors to a glucose gradient exhibiting a positive chemotaxis. These streamlined flasklike colloidal motors are prepared by combining a hydrothermal synthesis and a vacuum infusion and can be propelled by an enzymatic cascade reaction in the glucose fuel. Their flasklike architecture can be used to recognize their moving posture, and thus the dynamic glucose‐gradient‐induced alignment and orientation‐dependent motility during positive chemotaxis can be examined experimentally. The chemotactic mechanism is that the enzymatic reactions inside lead to the glucose acid gradient and the glucose gradient which generate two phoretic torques at the bottom and the opening respectively, and thus continuously steer it to the glucose gradient. Such glucose‐fueled flasklike colloidal motors resembling the chemotactic capability of living organisms hold considerable potential for engineering active delivery vehicles in response to specific chemical signals.