bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of impending mood episode recurrence using real-time digital phenotypes in major depression and bipolar disorders in South Korea: a prospective nationwide cohort study
Authors: Lee Heon-Jeong , Cho Chul-Hyun , Lee Taek , Jeong Jaegwon , Yeom Ji Won , Kim Sojeong , Jeon Sehyun , Seo Ju Yeon , Moon Eunsoo , Baek Ji Hyun , Park Dong Yeon , Kim Se Joo , Ha Tae Hyon , Cha Boseok , Kang Hee-Ju , Ahn Yong-Min , Lee Yujin , Lee Jung-Been , Kim Leen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundMood disorders require consistent management of symptoms to prevent recurrences of mood episodes. Circadian rhythm (CR) disruption is a key symptom of mood disorders to be proactively managed to prevent mood episode recurrences. This study aims to predict impending mood episodes recurrences using digital phenotypes related to CR obtained from wearable devices and smartphones.MethodsThe study is a multicenter, nationwide, prospective, observational study with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder I, and bipolar II disorder. A total of 495 patients were recruited from eight hospitals in South Korea. Patients were followed up for an average of 279.7 days (a total sample of 75 506 days) with wearable devices and smartphones and with clinical interviews conducted every 3 months. Algorithms predicting impending mood episodes were developed with machine learning. Algorithm-predicted mood episodes were then compared to those identified through face-to-face clinical interviews incorporating ecological momentary assessments of daily mood and energy.ResultsTwo hundred seventy mood episodes recurred in 135 subjects during the follow-up period. The prediction accuracies for impending major depressive episodes, manic episodes, and hypomanic episodes for the next 3 days were 90.1, 92.6, and 93.0%, with the area under the curve values of 0.937, 0.957, and 0.963, respectively.ConclusionsWe predicted the onset of mood episode recurrences exclusively using digital phenotypes. Specifically, phenotypes indicating CR misalignment contributed the most to the prediction of episodes recurrences. Our findings suggest that monitoring of CR using digital devices can be useful in preventing and treating mood disorders.
Effects of cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on maternal reproductive parameters
Authors: Freitas Danielle Storino de , Lopes Guilherme Antonio de Gouvêa , Nascimento Barbara Rodrigues , Magalhães Breno Augusto , Madureira Ana Paula , Campos-Junior Paulo Henrique Almeida 
Published: September 2022

SummaryConjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a mixture of positional isomers of linoleic acid found in ruminant products and meat. The diet supplementing with CLA is an emerging area, requiring studies to elucidate its effects on animals and human reproduction, as well as its side effects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of CLA gastric administration, during the pregestational and gestational period in biometric and reproductive parameters, as well as in ovarian morphophysiology. Animals were distributed in three groups: (1) control (n = 10); (2) fish oil (n = 10); and (3) CLA (n = 10), that daily received, by gavage, phosphate-buffered saline, fish oil and CLA, respectively, carried out over 50 days (before mating, mating and pregnancy). There was an increment in the nasoanal distance and Lee index of the CLA and fish oil-treated groups during the first weeks (P > 0.05). CLA administration did not affect the ovarian follicle mobilization (P > 0.05), the number of follicles (P > 0.05) and the integrated density of lipid content of oocytes included in antral follicles (P > 0.05). There was no effect of CLA administration on the litter weight (P > 0.05; F2 and F3), however, an increment (P < 0.05) in the number of pups per litter (F2) was observed. Overall, this study demonstrated the absence of side effects of the CLA gastric administration on mice reproductive performance and suggests that this treatment would transgenerationally enhance fertility in this species.
N-Acetyl cysteine reduces the levels of reactive oxygen species and improves in vitro maturation of oocytes from medium-sized bovine antral follicles
Authors: Barrozo Laryssa G. , Silva Bianca R. , Paulino Laís R.F.M. , Barbalho Efigênia C. , Nascimento Danisvânia R. , Costa Francisco C. , Batista Ana L.P.S. , Lopes Everton P.F. , Rodrigues Ana P.R. , Silva José R.V. 
Published: September 2022

SummaryThis study aims to evaluate the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on bovine oocyte maturation, mitochondrial activity and transzonal projections (TZP), as well as on the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and messenger RNA (mRNA) for catalase (CAT) superoxide dismutase (SOD), periredoxin-6 (Prdx6), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), growth and differentiation factor-9 (GDF9), histone H1Foo, cyclin B1 (CCNB1) and c-Mos. Bovine cumulus–oocyte complexes (COC) of medium-sized antral follicles (3.0–6.0 mm) were prematured in TCM-199 for 8 h at 38.5°C in 5% CO2. After prematuration in the presence of forskolin and C-type natriuretic peptide, COCs were matured in TCM-199 alone or with 0.1, 0.5 or 2.5 mM NAC. Then, oocytes were classified according to the stage of chromatin. Furthermore, mitochondrial activity and intracellular levels of ROS and TZP were also evaluated. The levels of mRNAs for CAT, SOD, Prdx6, GPx, GDF9, H1Foo, CCNB1 and c-Mos were evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed that NAC significantly increased the percentages of oocytes with resumption of meiosis when compared with those oocytes matured in control medium. Oocytes had homogeneous mitochondrial distribution, and those cultured with 0.1 and 0.5 mM NAC had lower levels of ROS when compared with the control. In addition, 0.5 mM NAC reduced TZP and the levels of mRNA for CCNB1. In contrast, NAC did not influence the expression of CAT, GPx, Prdx6, SOD, GDF9, H1Foo, and c-Mos. In conclusion, 0.5 mM NAC reduced the levels of ROS, TZP and mRNA for CCNB1, and improved in vitro resumption of meiosis in oocytes from medium-sized bovine antral follicles.
Park Free or Die: Rural Consciousness, Preemption, and the Perennial North Dakota Parking-Meter Debate
Authors: Harsell Dana Michael , Flynn David T. , Jendrysik Mark S. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTNorth Dakota’s unique statewide parking-meter ban was instituted by initiated measure in 1948. The 2017 legislative session witnessed the most credible effort to repeal the ban in decades. The legislative debate centered on tradition, the state’s long-standing urban–rural split, and its lingering populist roots. The authors place this debate within a larger rural-consciousness literature and examine how the politics of rural resentment contributed to maintaining the parking-meter ban, as well as the willingness of state lawmakers to use preemption as a tool to constrain the authority of larger cities. The authors also examine the complexity surrounding individual place-based identities. The extent to which urban residents in a rural state can simultaneously identify as “urban” relative to state-based policies and politics and “rural” relative to federal-based policies and politics merits further consideration.
A randomized prospective study of a hybrid rule- and data-driven virtual patient
Authors: Stiff Adam , White Michael , Fosler-Lussier Eric , Jin Lifeng , Jaffe Evan , Danforth Douglas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRandomized prospective studies represent the gold standard for experimental design. In this paper, we present a randomized prospective study to validate the benefits of combining rule-based and data-driven natural language understanding methods in a virtual patient dialogue system. The system uses a rule-based pattern matching approach together with a machine learning (ML) approach in the form of a text-based convolutional neural network, combining the two methods with a simple logistic regression model to choose between their predictions for each dialogue turn. In an earlier, retrospective study, the hybrid system yielded a nearly 50% error reduction on our initial data, in part due to the differential performance between the two methods as a function of label frequency. Given these gains, and considering that our hybrid approach is unique among virtual patient systems, we compare the hybrid system to the rule-based system by itself in a randomized prospective study. We evaluate 110 unique medical student subjects interacting with the system over 5,296 conversation turns, to verify whether similar gains are observed in a deployed system. This prospective study broadly confirms the findings from the earlier one but also highlights important deficits in our training data. The hybrid approach still improves over either rule-based or ML approaches individually, even handling unseen classes with some success. However, we observe that live subjects ask more out-of-scope questions than expected. To better handle such questions, we investigate several modifications to the system combination component. These show significant overall accuracy improvements and modest F1 improvements on out-of-scope queries in an offline evaluation. We provide further analysis to characterize the difficulty of the out-of-scope problem that we have identified, as well as to suggest future improvements over the baseline we establish here.
Post-conflict ethics, archaeology and archaeological heritage: a call for discussion
Authors: Newson Paul , Young Ruth 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEthics are fundamentally important to all forms of archaeological theory and practice and are embedded within many professional codes of conduct. The ethics of archaeological engagement with conflicts around the world have also been subject to scrutiny and debate. While archaeology and archaeological heritage are increasingly viewed as significant elements of post-conflict work, with much to contribute to rebuilding stable and secure societies, there has been limited acknowledgement and debate of post-conflict ethical issues and challenges for archaeologists. This paper is intended to stimulate discussion around major ethical issues, the problems and possible ways forward for post-conflict archaeology and archaeological heritage.
When and Where Are Multiple Snow Layers Important for Simulations of Snow Accumulation and Melt?
Authors: Cristea Nicoleta C. , Bennett Andrew , Nijssen Bart , Lundquist Jessica D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMany watershed‐scale and land surface models incorporate snowmelt modules with simplified representations of the snowpack with three or fewer layers. These modeling choices were traditionally made to reduce model complexity and computational demand while still being able to simulate large model domains. However, these simple snow layering schemes may not always simulate snow processes and the effects of climate change across a range of climatic and geographic conditions. Here we evaluate simple snow layering schemes (having two to five layers, commonly found in watershed‐scale and land surface models) against a synthetic benchmark with up to 100 layers at three locations with different climate conditions using the SUMMA modeling framework. We evaluate 10 different layering configurations of two to five layers with variable thicknesses and show that the effect of the layering scheme varies with site conditions. We find that the layer configuration is more important at a cold high elevation site in the Sierra Nevada, California (∼1.4°C annual average temperature), and at a warm site in the French Alps (∼6.5°C), and less important at a site in Idaho (∼5.0°C). The top layer thickness of the simpler snow layering configurations also influences the simulated snow surface and snowpack temperatures and timing of snowmelt. Our tests showed that the five‐layer model with thin layers near the surface was closest to the benchmark (median NSE = 0.99), and therefore we recommend using multiple snow layers for reliable simulations of snow accumulation and melt across a range of climates.
D" Reflection Polarities Inform Lowermost Mantle Mineralogy
Authors: Thomas C. , Cobden L. J. , Jonkers A. R. T. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPolarities of seismic reflections at the discontinuity atop the D" region (PdP and SdS) indicate the sign of the velocity contrast across the D" reflector. Recent studies found PdP polarities matching and opposite those of P and PcP. While anisotropy could explain this behavior, we find that the ratio of the change in S wave velocity over change in P wave velocity (R‐value) can influence polarity behavior of D" reflected P waves. For R‐values exceeding 3, the P wave reverses polarity in the absence of anisotropy while S wave polarity is not influenced by the R‐value. Using sets of one million models for normal mantle and MORB with varying minerals and processes across the boundary, we carry out a statistical analysis (Linear Discriminant Analysis) finding that there is a marked difference in mantle mineralogy to explain R‐values larger and smaller than 3, respectively. Based on our results we can attribute different mineralogy to a number of cases. In particular, we find that when velocities increase across D" and polarities of PdP and SdS are opposite the post‐perovskite phase transition is still the best explanation whereas MORB is the best explanation when PdP and SdS are the same. When the velocities are decreasing, the post‐perovskite phase transition within MORB is the best explanation if PdP and SdS polarities are the same but if PdP and SdS are opposite, our results indicate that primordial material or mantle enriched in bridgmanite can explain the polarity behavior, further constraining mineralogy within the large low seismic velocity provinces.
Glacial Ice Melting Stimulates Heterotrophic Prokaryotes Production on the Getz Ice Shelf in the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica
Authors: Min Jun‐Oh , Kim Sung‐Han , Jung Jinyoung , Jung Ui‐Jung , Yang Eun Jin , Lee SangHoon , Hyun Jung‐Ho 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExtensive oceanographic data sets were combined with microbiological parameters to elucidate the tight coupling between glacial meltwater and heterotrophic bacterial production (BP) on the Getz Ice Shelf (GtzIS) in the Amundsen Sea. BP in the eastern GtzIS (EG; 85.8 pM Leu. h−1), where basal glacier meltwater upwells, was significantly higher than BP measured in the western GtzIS (WG; 50.6 pM Leu. h−1) and the Amundsen Sea Polynya (ASP; 27.8 pM Leu. h−1). BP in the EG accounted for 49% of primary production, which was greater than that of the WG (10%) and ASP (9.2%). Enhanced BP in the eastern GtzIS was not coupled with phytoplankton biomass, but correlated significantly with the freshwater fraction containing meltwater‐derived dissolved organic carbon (MW‐DOC). These results suggest that warming‐induced glacier melting weakens carbon sequestration efficiency in Antarctic coastal waters by stimulating heterotrophic metabolism that converts MW‐DOC to CO2.
Equatorial Plasma Bubbles Observed at Dawn and After Sunrise Over South America During the 2015 St. Patrick's Day Storm
Authors: Carmo C. S. , Pi X. , Denardini C. M. , Figueiredo C. A. O. B. , Verkhoglyadova O. P. , Picanço G. A. S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper presents an analysis of Equatorial Plasma Bubble (EPB) events that occurred during pre‐ and post‐sunrise hours in the South America sector on 18 March 2015, when the St. Patrick's Day geomagnetic storm was in the recovery phase. The data from a set of multi‐diagnostic instruments, including Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) receivers, L‐band GNSS ionospheric scintillation monitors, ionosondes, and a Fabry‐Perot interferometer, are analyzed. Strong L‐band amplitude scintillation was observed with spread‐F and total electron content (TEC) fluctuations at times when the electron density and tTEC were minimum with respect to their diurnal variations. The EPBs remained observed for about 3:30 hr after sunrise on the east coast of the South American continent. The daytime ionospheric irregularities show a longitudinal dependency between the west and east coasts, separated by about 3,600 km. Our analysis of the observations suggests that a Disturbance Dynamo Electric Field effect caused by storm‐time wind perturbations might have triggered the Rayleigh‐Taylor instability near local dawn on the east and west coasts of the South American continent. The effects of ambient ionosphere‐thermosphere conditions on the evolution of irregularities are assessed to understand the longitudinal differences. The assessment includes the effect of the E region that appears in the morning hours and the effects of geomagnetic declination and tilting the solar‐terminator.
An Examination of the Recent Stability of Ozonesonde Global Network Data
Authors: Stauffer Ryan M. , Thompson Anne M. , Kollonige Debra E. , Tarasick David W. , Van Malderen Roeland , Smit Herman G. J. , Vömel Holger , Morris Gary A. , Johnson Bryan J. , Cullis Patrick D. , Stübi Rene , Davies Jonathan , Yan Michael M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe recent Assessment of Standard Operating Procedures for Ozonesondes 2.0 (WMO/GAW Report #268) addressed questions of homogeneity and long‐term stability in global electrochemical concentration cell (ECC) ozone sounding network time series. Among its recommendations was adoption of a standard for evaluating data quality in ozonesonde time series. Total column ozone (TCO) derived from the sondes compared to TCO from Aura's Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) is a primary quality indicator. Comparisons of sonde ozone with Aura's Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) are used to assess the stability of stratospheric ozone. This paper provides a comprehensive examination of global ozonesonde network data stability and accuracy since 2004 in light of the sudden post‐2013 TCO “dropoff” of ∼3%–4% that was reported previously at select stations (Stauffer et al., 2020, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL086791). Comparisons with Aura OMI TCO averaged across the network of 60 stations are stable within about ±2% over the past 18 years. Sonde TCO has similar stability compared to three other TCO satellite instruments, and the stratospheric ozone measurements average to within ±5% of MLS from 50 to 10 hPa. Thus, sonde data are reliable for trends, but with a caveat applied for a subset of dropoff stations in the tropics and subtropics. The dropoff is associated with only one of two major ECC instrument types. A detailed examination of ECC serial numbers pinpoints the timing of the dropoff. However, we find that overall, ozonesonde data are stable and accurate compared to independent measurements over the past two decades.
Subducted Front of the Indian Continental Crust Beneath the Tibetan Plateau in the Early Eocene
Authors: Long Xiaoping , Shu Chutian , Foley Stephen F. , Wang Xuan‐Ce , Li Jie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe immense Tibetan Plateau is a masterpiece of the ongoing India–Asia collision. The timing of the collision is a critical parameter to reconstruct the plateau evolution, but has been not well understood yet. Here, we report a newly discovered Eocene (53.8 Ma) shoshonitic intrusion with the input of Indian continental material in the Yangbajing area of the Lhasa Terrane, south Tibet. The reverse 207Pb/206Pb zoning exhibited by feldspars, the linear isotopic arrays between whole‐rock 187Os/188Os and 1/188Os, the in‐situ feldspar 208Pb/204Pb and 206Pb/204Pb values, and the in‐situ zircon εHf(t) values and δ18O values strongly demonstrate a binary interaction process for the generation of the Yangbajing shoshonitic intrusion. Our Os isotopes further illustrate that the interaction process was dominated by recycled crustal melt assimilating minor mantle melt. In addition, different isotopic systems consistently point to an end‐member represented by the underthrust crust slice of Indian continent, which indicates that the Indian lithosphere must have already subducted beneath the Lhasa Terrane at 53.8 Ma. This is also supported by the abrupt isotopic shift toward the enriched values and the composition variation toward the high potassium contents in the subsequent Tibetan magmatism, corresponding to an increasing involvement of the Indian continental crust into the upper plate magmatism. Therefore, the Yangbajing shoshonitic intrusion is one of the earliest known magmatic evidence for the onset of the India–Asia collision.
Crystal Shape Control on the Repacking and Jamming of Crystal‐Rich Mushes
Authors: Hoyos Susana , Florez Darien , Pec Matej , Huber Christian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe rheology of crustal mushes is a crucial parameter controlling melt segregation and magma flow. However, the relations between mush dynamics and crystal size and shape distribution remain poorly understood because of the complexity of melt‐crystal and crystal‐crystal interactions. We performed analog experiments to characterize the mechanisms that control pore space reduction associated with repacking. Three suspensions of monodisperse particles with different geometries and aspect ratios (1:1, 2:1, 4:1) in a viscous fluid were tested. Our results show that particle aspect ratios strongly control the melt extraction processes. We identify two competing mechanisms that enable melt extraction at grain scale. The first mechanism leads to continuous deformation and melt extraction and is associated with “diffuse” frictional dissipation between neighboring particles. The second is stochastic, localized, and nearly instantaneous and is associated with the development and destruction of force chains percolating through the granular assembly.
Inorganic Carbon Transport and Dynamics in the Florida Straits
Authors: Xu Yuan‐Yuan , Wanninkhof Rik , Osborne Emily , Baringer Molly , Barbero Leticia , Cai Wei‐Jun , Hooper James 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOcean heat and carbon are transported through the Florida Straits, contributing to the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, and playing an important role in climate. Insufficient observations of carbonate chemistry within the Florida Straits have limited our understanding of ocean acidification within this region. To examine carbonate chemistry and carbon transport dynamics within this region, we developed an algorithm to estimate dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) using more routinely measured input parameters (temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen [DO]) and the corresponding sampling date, depth, and longitude. The developed DIC algorithm output demonstrates good agreement with limited existing in situ observations. By applying this algorithm, we developed a seasonally resolved time series of DIC spanning from 2002 to 2018 for the Florida Straits at 27°N. This time series suggests that short‐term variations in surface water DO and DIC were strongly influenced by the Florida Current transport. The long‐term increase in DIC was mainly caused by anthropogenic carbon accumulation and DO decrease. The highest increasing rate in DIC was found in North Atlantic Central Water where DO decrease was fastest while the decreasing rate in pH was highest in Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) because of the lower buffer capacity of this water mass. The long‐term pH decrease, especially in AAIW, can impact the health of deep corals in the Florida Straits. Quantifying carbon transport between the coast of Florida and the Bahamas is important to understanding the carbonate chemistry dynamics and the long‐term acidification of this important region.