bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Police-led Fentanyl Test Strip Distribution Program in Maine and Massachusetts: An Evaluation
Authors: Larson Mary Jo , Silcox Joseph , Olson Rebecca , Cummins Emily , Lopes-McCoy Vanessa , Nong Thuong , Green Traci 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: The increase of illicitly manufactured fentanyl in the drug supply and the lack of a reliable fentanyl detection method have led to a public health innovation: the community distribution and use of fentanyl test strips (FTS) to detect presence of fentanyl in drugs. The One2One project, based on a 2020 six-site pilot project, was a police-driven project spearheaded in Massachusetts and Maine in 2021 that consisted of police and community collaborators using FTS distribution as a low barrier tool to engage with people who use drugs and connect them to harm reduction supplies, services and referrals. Methods: Implementation and evaluation of the program occurred over 8-months. Policeofficers and program staff were trained on community use of FTS and were provided technical and logistical supports to encourage broad-scale local distribution of FTS kits to people who use drugs. The structure of the program encouraged departments to be innovative around FTS distribution and to use test strips as tools to support PWUDs with referrals, direct services and other harm reduction resources. The evaluation included site observations, interviews of staff and recipients, a community stakeholder survey, and analysis of administrative and demographic data to measure uptake and reach (engagement ratio and kit distribution impact rate) of the project as well as catalog implementation successes and challenges across participating police departments.Results: Twenty-one police departments and their collaborators distributed 2,556 FTS kits and reported a combined 3,703 referrals or direct services, yielding an engagement ratio of 1.44 (one referral or service per FTS kit distributed) and a kit distribution impact rate (kits distributed per overdose mortality rate) of 4.37 conveying substantial public health reach of FTS in high overdose burden communities. Qualitative data analysis captured the nuances across police departments of FTS kit distribution approaches, engagement methodologies, and the shift in willingness to embrace harm reduction principles through police-led efforts. Conclusion: FTS distribution through the One2One program exemplifies new and evolving shifts in public health and harm reduction policing roles and strategies. Further research should investigate how FTS distribution can be integrated across more geographies and implemented by other institutions.
The effect of phosphorus based flame retardants on the thermal and fire retardant properties of chicken feather/thermoplastic polyurethane biocomposites
Authors: Mutlu Aysenur , Dogan Mehmet 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this study, phosphorus-based additives (ammonium polyphosphate (APP), aluminum hypophosphite (AHP), and aluminum diethyl phosphinate (AlPi)) were used to improve the flame retardant properties of chicken feather (CF) reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites. The additives were used in three concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 wt%. The fire-retardant properties of the composites were investigated by using limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning test (UL 94 V), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and mass loss calorimeter test (MLC). According to the test results, the additives exerted flame retardant performance in the descending order of APP, AHP and AlPi. All additives showed flame retardant action both in the condensed and gas phases. However, the better fire retardant performances of APP and AHP with respect AlPi stemed from enhanced char formation.
Undetected Minority-polarity Flux as the Missing Link in Coronal Heating
Authors: Wang Y.-M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
During the last few decades, the most widely favored models for coronal heating have involved the in situ dissipation of energy, with footpoint shuffling giving rise to multiple current sheets (the “nanoflare” model) or to Alfv´en waves that leak into the corona and undergo dissipative interactions (the wave heating scenario). As has been recognized earlier, observations suggest instead that the energy deposition is concentrated at very low heights, with the coronal loops being filled with hot, dense material from below, which accounts for their overdensities and flat temperature profiles. While an obvious mechanism for footpoint heating would be reconnection with small-scale fields, this possibility seems to have been widely ignored because magnetograms show almost no minority-polarity flux inside active region (AR) plages. Here, we present further examples to support our earlier conclusions (1) that magnetograms greatly underrepresent the amount of minority-polarity flux inside plages and “unipolar” network, and (2) that small loops are a major constituent of Fe IX 17.1 nm moss. On the assumption that the emergence or churning rate of small-scale flux is the same inside plages as in mixed-polarity regions of the quiet Sun, we estimate the energy flux density associated with reconnection with the plage fields to be on the order of 107 erg cm−2 s −1 , sufficient to heat the AR corona.
Accelerated Autonomous Workflow For Antiperovskite-based Solid State Electrolytes
Authors: Castelli Ivano , Sjølin Benjamin H. , Jørgensen Peter , Fedrigucci Andrea , Bhowmik Arghya , Vegge Tejs 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We developed and implemented an autonomous multi-target multi-fidelity workflow to explore the chemical space of antiperovskite materials with general formula X3AB (X = Li, Na, Mg), searching for stable high performance solid state electrolytes (SSEs) for all-solid state batteries. The workflow is based on the calculation of thermodynamic and kinetic properties, which include phase and electrochemical stability, semiconducting behavior, and ionic diffusivity. To accelerate the calculation of the kinetic properties, we implement a surrogate model able to predict the transition state structures during ionic diffusion, thus reducing the expensive calculation cost by more than one order of magnitude, keeping the error within 73 meV compared to the more accurate methods. 14 antiperovskites have been identified as possible SSE candidates. Moreover, this approach is general and chemistry neutral, so can be applied to other battery chemistries and crystal prototypes.
Smartformer: An Intelligent Model Compression Framework for Transformer
Authors: Wang Xiaojian , Wang Yinan , Yang Jin , Chen Ying 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Transformer, as one of the latest popular deep neural networks (DNNs), has achieved outstanding performance in various areas. However, this model usually requires massive amounts of parameters to fit. Over-parameterization not only brings storage challenges in a resource-limited setting but also inevitably results in the model over-fitting. Even though literature works introduced several ways to reduce the parameter size of Transformers, none of them have focused on addressing the over-parameterization issue by concurrently considering the following three objectives: preserving the model architecture, maintaining the model performance, and reducing the model complexity (number of parameters) to improve its convergence property. In this study, we propose an intelligent model compression framework, Smartformer, by incorporating reinforcement learning and CP-decomposition techniques. This framework has two advantages: 1) from the perspective of convenience, researchers can directly exploit this framework to train their designed Transformer models as usual without fine-tuning the original model training hyperparameters; 2) from the perspective of effectiveness, researchers can simultaneously fulfill the aforementioned three objectives by using this framework. We conduct two basic experiments and three practical experiments to demonstrate the proposed framework using various datasets and existing Transformer models. The results demonstrate that the Smartformer is able to improve the existing Transformers regarding the model performance and model complexity by intelligently incorporating the model decomposition and compression in the training process.
Hispanic Ethnicity and Social Determinants of Health: Harnessing Data from The Pulmonary Hypertension Association Registry
Authors: Bernardo Roberto J. , de Jesus Perez Vinicio A. 
Published: June 2022

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a chronic, progressive, and debilitating disease associated with increased cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality. Current knowledge is derived from registries and landmark clinical trials, although concern exists that minorities are underrepresented in these datasets, and it remains unknown if there are intrinsic differences in minorities and disadvantaged groups. The Pulmonary Hypertension Association Registry offers a unique opportunity for the understanding of the unique social background of minorities in the United States because it routinely collects information related to socioeconomic factors such as annual income and health care insurance. Furthermore, representation of Hispanic patients may be slightly higher than in other US-based registries.
In this review, we discuss the interplay between biologic, socioeconomic, and racial or ethnic factors in PAH, with special emphasis on the Hispanic population. We describe the unique socioeconomic profile of Hispanic individuals and propose next steps to improve representation and fight inequality for Hispanic patients with PAH.
A Recent Review On 3D-Printing: Scope and Challenges with Special Focus on
Pharmaceutical Field
Authors: Singh Shubham , Kumar Mohit , Doolaanea Abd Almonem , Mandal Uttam Kumar 
Published: June 2022

Background:
The presentation of 3D printing in drug innovation especially focuses on the advancement of patient-centered dosage forms based on structural design. Rising interest for customizations 3D printed inserts during surgeries combined with developing R&D speculations is driving the medical services.

Introduction:
3D printing technique is considered emerging digitized technology and it is beneficial for future progression and development of customized dosage forms, prostheses, implantable medical devices, tissue making, disease modeling, and many more. 3D Printing technology has numerous benefits such as minimum waste production, freedom of design, and the ability to make complex structures as well as rapid prototyping.

Method:
Various 3D printing techniques are utilized (such as drop on solid deposition, selective laser sintering/ melting, drop on drop deposition, stereolithography, fused deposition modeling, and pressure-assisted techniques) for the preparation of various pharmaceuticals, such as tablets, films, oral films, mouth guards, pellets, polyprintlets catheters, etc.

Results:
With the help of various 3D printing techniques, researchers minimize dose frequency and side effects of drugs with the formation of multilayer tablets or polypills and benefited the person, who is suffering from various diseases at a particular time. For example, multilayer polypills containing paracetamol, caffeine, naproxen, chloramphenicol, prednisolone, and aspirin. This study, most importantly, demonstrated the possibility of 3D printing for making diverse polypills to advance patient personalization with the help of the 3D printing technique.

Conclusion:
The authors hope that this article will give a valuable boost to energize future researcher working in the pharmaceutical field. Due to the novelty and particular highlights, 3D printing has the inborn ability to settle numerous formulation and medication conveyance challenges, which are often connected with poorly aqueous solubility. It has many unmet regulatory challenges that need to be addressed.
Luliconazole Topical Dermal Drug Delivery for Superficial Fungal Infections:
Penetration Hurdles and Role of Functional Nanomaterials
Authors: Babu Chanti Katta , Shubhra  , Ghouse Shaik Mahammad , Singh Pankaj Kumar , Khatri Dharmendra Kumar , Nanduri Srinivas , Singh Shashi Bala , Madan Jitender 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Luliconazole is the first and only anti-fungal agent approved for the short-term treatment of superficial fungal infections. However, commercially available conventional topical dermal drug delivery cargo of luliconazole is associated with certain limitations like lower skin permeation and shorter skin retention of drug. Therefore, present review is an attempt to decode the penetration hurdles in luliconazole topical dermal drug delivery. Moreover, we also summarized the activity of functional nanomaterials based drug delivery systems employed by the scientific fraternity to improve luliconazole efficacy in superficial fungal infections on case-to-case basis. In addition, efforts have also been made to unbox the critically acclaimed mechanism of action of luliconazole against fungal cells. Under the framework of future prospects, we have analyzed the combination of luliconazole with isoquercetin using in-silico docking technique for offering synergistic antifungal activity. Isoquercetin exhibited a good affinity for superoxide dismutase (SOD), a fungal target owing to the formation of hydrogen bond with Glu132, Glu133, and Arg143, in addition to few hydrophobic interactions. On the other hand, luliconazole inhibited lanosterol-14α-demethylase and consequently blocked ergosterol. In addition, nanotechnology and artificial neural network (ANN) derived integrated drug delivery systems may also be explored for augmenting the luliconazole therapeutic efficacy in topical fungal infections. Synergy of ANN models along with topical nanoscaled drug delivery may help to achieve critical quality attributes (CQA) to gain commercial success.
The Role of Host-Cellular Responses in COVID-19 Endothelial Dysfunction
Authors: Lee Shaun W. , Moran Thomas E. , Hammers Daniel E. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
SARS-CoV2, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, is a novel member of the human coronavirus family that has recently emerged worldwide to cause COVID-19 disease. COVID-19 disease has been declared a worldwide pandemic with over 270 million total cases, and >5 million deaths as of this writing. Although co-morbidities and preexisting conditions have played a significant role in the severity of COVID-19, the hallmark feature of severe disease associ-ated with SARS-CoV2 is respiratory failure. Recent findings have demonstrated a key role for en-dothelial dysfunction caused by SARS-CoV2 in these clinical outcomes, characterized by endothe-lial inflammation, the persistence of a pro-coagulative state, and major recruitment of leukocytes and other immune cells to localized areas of endothelial dysfunction. Though it is generally recog-nized that endothelial impairment is a major contributor to COVID-19 disease, studies to examine the initial cellular events involved in triggering endothelial dysfunction are needed. In this article, we review the general strategy of pathogens to exploit endothelial cells and the endothelium to cause disease. We discuss the role of the endothelium in COVID-19 disease and highlight very re-cent findings that identify key signaling and cellular events that are associated with the initiation of SARS-CoV2 infection. These studies may reveal specific molecular pathways that can serve as po-tential means of therapeutic development against COVID-19 disease.
Tannic Acid as a Green Cross-linker for Biomaterial Applications
Authors: Biazar Esmaeil , Moghaddam Seyed Yasaman Zolfaghari , Esmaeili Javad , Kheilnezhad Bahareh , Goleij Fatemeh , Heidari Samaneh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Plant-derived tannic acid as a green material can play an important role in improving the
mechanical and physical properties of biomaterials. Tannic acid can be used as an antioxidant, antimicrobial,
and cross-linking agent in biomaterial products due to its unique functional groups. Its active
phenolic groups can react with biomaterial functional groups to form bonds that improve performance.
In this review, the mechanism of effectiveness of tannic acid as a natural crosslinker in improving
the properties of biomaterials for various applications, such as tissue engineering, tissue adhesives,
drug delivery, wound healing, and toxicity studies, has been investigated. In general, tannic acid
can be a suitable alternative to synthetic crosslinkers in biomaterial applications.
Application of LFER to the N(1)-H Acidities of Five-Membered
Nitrogen Heterocyclic Ring Systems: A Review on Graduate
Chemical Education Exercise
Authors: Vandanapu Jagannadham , Rachuru Sanjeev 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
An attempt is made for the first time in our laboratory to apply the Hammett and
Taft equations to the five-membered heterocyclic ring systems pyrroles, pyrazoles, imidazole,
and triazoles. It is shown that the pKa values of N(1)-H acidities of 3-X-pyrroles, 3-Xpyrazole,
4-X-pyrazole, 4-X-imidazole, 3-X-1,2,4-triazole and 4-X-1,2,3-triazole correlated
well with Hammett σ values.
Family Relations of University Students in Times of Pandemic by
COVID-19: Feelings and Tensions
Authors: Suárez-Barros Astrid Sofía , del Pilar Morad-Haydar María , Castillo- Bolaños Jennifer , Rojas-Otálora Alfredo , García-Acuña Yomaira , Alarcón-Vásquez Yolima , Morales Castro Yolanda Rosa , García-Navarro Ángela , González-Gutiérrez Orlando , Escobar Sarelys Avendaño , González-Martelo Victoria , Támara-Arrázola Elcie , Diaz-Lobo Julieth 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
The objective of this research was to reveal the feelings and tensions that
characterize the family relationships of university students in times of pandemic and confinement conditions due to COVID-19.

Methods:
The method was qualitative, and the feelings and tensions in the family and educational context of 584 university students were evaluated, from a qualitative proposal and a
hermeneutic approach, anchored to the question: How have the affective manifestations been,
in terms of feelings and tensions, in the family relationships of university students, academically active, in the Caribbean Region of Colombia, during the mandatory confinement process
derived from the COVID 19 pandemic?. The methodological design was structured from the
concepts of the Grounded Theory, applied to the data obtained through virtual techniques and
instruments, such as an online survey. The organization of the information to generate the results was made from descriptive, analytical and interpretive coding, supported by matrices and
theoretical maps.

Results and Discussion:
There are feelings and tensions in three directions: Negative Feelings
(in tension) such as anxiety, stress and depression; positive feelings, joy, adaptation and ambiguous feelings, which show ambivalence and variability, which are reflected in family relationships and three senses: They have improved, remain the same and have worsened, according to each type, dynamics and characteristics of the family, associated with gender, coping
mechanisms and socioeconomic level.

Conclusion:
Families were transformed due to the pandemic, and relationships and interactions
were found that exacerbated tensions or factors of protection and care among family members,
with emotional overload, with stress from work and study.
A Smoking Cessation Mobile App for Persons Living With HIV: Preliminary Efficacy and Feasibility Study
Authors: Schnall Rebecca , Liu Jianfang , Alvarez Gabriella , Porras Tiffany , Ganzhorn Sarah , Boerner Samantha , Huang Ming-Chun , Trujillo Paul , Cioe Patricia 
Published: June 2022

Background
The prevalence of smoking in the United States general population has gradually declined to the lowest rate ever recorded; however, this has not been true for persons with HIV.

Objective
We conducted a pilot test to assess the feasibility and efficacy of the Lumme Quit Smoking mobile app and smartwatch combination with sensing capabilities to improve smoking cessation in persons with HIV.

Methods
A total of 40 participants were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned 1:1 to the control arm, which received an 8-week supply of nicotine replacement therapy, a 30-minute smoking cessation counseling session, and weekly check-in calls with study staff, or to the intervention arm, which additionally received the Lumme Quit Smoking app and smartwatch.

Results
Of the 40 participants enrolled, 37 completed the follow-up study assessments and 16 used the app every day during the 56-day period. During the 6-month recruitment and enrollment period, 122 people were screened for eligibility, with 67.2% (82/122) deemed ineligible. Smoking criteria and incompatible tech were the major reasons for ineligibility. There was no difference in the proportion of 7-day point prevalence abstinence by study arm and no significant decrease in exhaled carbon monoxide for the intervention and control arms separately. However, the average exhaled carbon monoxide decreased over time when analyzing both arms together (P=.02).

Conclusions
Results suggest excellent feasibility and acceptability of using a smoking sensor app among this smoking population. The knowledge gained from this research will enable the scientific community, clinicians, and community stakeholders to improve tobacco cessation outcomes for persons with HIV.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04808609; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04808609
Mobile-Based and Self-Service Tool (iPed) to Collect, Manage, and Visualize Pedigree Data: Development Study
Authors: Sun Chen , Xu Jing , Tao Junxian , Dong Yu , Chen Haiyan , Jia Zhe , Ma Yingnan , Zhang Mingming , Wei Siyu , Tang Guoping , Lyu Hongchao , Jiang Yongshuai 
Published: June 2022

Background
Pedigree data (family history) are indispensable for genetics studies and the assessment of individuals' disease susceptibility. With the popularity of genetics testing, the collection of pedigree data is becoming more common. However, it can be time-consuming, laborious, and tedious for clinicians to investigate all pedigree data for each patient. A self-service robot could inquire about patients' family history in place of professional clinicians or genetic counselors.

Objective
The aim of this study was to develop a mobile-based and self-service tool to collect and visualize pedigree data, not only for professionals but also for those who know little about genetics.

Methods
There are 4 main aspects in the iPed construction, including interface building, data processing, data storage, and data visualization. The user interface was built using HTML, JavaScript libraries, and Cascading Style Sheets (version 3; Daniel Eden). Processing of the submitted data is carried out by PHP programming language. MySQL is used to document and manage the pedigree data. PHP calls the R script to accomplish the visualization.

Results
iPed is freely available to all users through the iPed website. No software is required to be installed, no pedigree files need to be prepared, and no knowledge of genetics or programs is required. The users can easily complete their pedigree data collection and visualization on their own and through a dialogue with iPed. Meanwhile, iPed provides a database that stores all users’ information. Therefore, when the users need to construct new pedigree trees for other genetic traits or modify the pedigree trees that have already been created, unnecessary duplication of operations can be avoided.

Conclusions
iPed is a mobile-based and self-service tool that could be used by both professionals and nonprofessionals at any time and from any place. It reduces the amount of time required to collect, manage, and visualize pedigree data.