bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgeon’s experience, sports participation and a concomitant MCL injury increase the use of patellar and quadriceps tendon grafts in primary ACL reconstruction: a nationwide registry study of 39,964 surgeries
Authors: Rizvanovic Dzan , Waldén Markus , Forssblad Magnus , Stålman Anders 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the influence of surgeon-related factors and clinic routines on autograft choice in primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Methods
Data from the Swedish National Knee Ligament Registry (SNKLR), 2008–2019, were used to study autograft choice (hamstring; HT, patellar; PT, or quadriceps tendon; QT) in primary ACLR. Patient/injury characteristics (sex, age at surgery, activity at time of injury and associated injuries) and surgeon-/clinic-related factors (operating volume, caseload and graft type use) were analyzed. Surgeon/clinic volume was divided into tertiles (low-, mid- and high-volume categories). Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess variables influencing autograft choice in 2015–2019, presented as the odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results
39,964 primary ACLRs performed by 299 knee surgeons in 91 clinics were included. Most patients received HT (93.7%), followed by PT (4.2%) and QT (2.1%) grafts. Patients were mostly operated on by high-volume (> 28 ACLRs/year) surgeons (68.1%), surgeons with a caseload of ≥ 50 ACLRs (85.1%) and surgeons with the ability to use ≥ two autograft types (85.9%) (all p < 0.001). Most patients underwent ACLR at high-volume (> 55 ACLRs/year) clinics (72.2%) and at clinics capable of using ≥ two autograft types (93.1%) (both p < 0.001). Significantly increased odds of receiving PT/QT autografts were found for ACLR by surgeons with a caseload of ≥ 50 ACLRs (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.11–1.79), but also for injury during handball (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.02–1.67), various other pivoting sports (basketball, hockey, rugby and American football) (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.24–2.03) and a concomitant medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury (OR 4.93, 95% CI 4.18–5.80). In contrast, female sex (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.77–0.97), injury during floorball (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.55–0.91) and ACLR by mid-volume relative to high-volume surgeons (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.53–0.73) had significantly reduced odds of receiving PT/QT autografts.

Conclusion
An HT autograft was used in the vast majority of cases, but PT/QT autografts were used more frequently by experienced surgeons. Prior research has demonstrated significant differences in autograft characteristics. For this reason, patients might benefit if surgery is performed by more experienced surgeons.

Level of evidence
Level III.
The Effect of Goal‐Directed Fluid Administration on Outcomes After Pancreatic Surgery
Authors: Siegel Julie B. , O'Leary Ryan , DeChamplain Bryce , Lancaster William P. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe evaluated the effect of an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery protocol on intraoperative fluid administration and postoperative outcomes in pancreatic surgery.MethodsPancreatic cancer resections at our institution from 2012 to 2018 were grouped according to pre‐ or post‐protocol initiation. Preoperative characteristics and postoperative outcomes were compared with Fisher's exact test and chi‐square for categorical variables, and Mann–Whitney U test for continuous variables. Further analysis separated patients that had a Whipple from those who had distal pancreatectomy.ResultsA total of 263 patients underwent pancreatic cancer resection during the study period (169 Whipples, 84 DPs, 92 pre‐ERAS and 171 post‐ERAS). Intraoperative fluid administration significantly decreased after protocol implementation (mean 6,277 ml vs. 3870 ml, p < 0.001). This held true when separating patients that had a Whipple procedure from those that had a DP (6,929 ml vs. 4,513 ml, p < 0.001, 5,060 ml vs. 2,833 cc, p = 0.002, respectively). Intensive care unit (ICU) admission (41.3% vs. 20.5%, p < 0.001) and length of stay (9.4 vs. 8.1 days, p < 0.01) were significantly reduced after ERAS implementation for all patients and in Whipple patients alone (47.5% vs. 23.6%, p = 0.002 and 10.7 vs. 6.6 days, p = 0.004). DP patients also had significantly decreased ICU admissions (41.3% vs. 20.5%, p = 0.045). All other postoperative outcomes were not significantly different.ConclusionFor patients undergoing pancreatic cancer resection, goal‐directed fluid management is associated with decreased intraoperative fluid administration, decreased ICU admission, and decreased length of stay without an increase in postoperative complications or readmission.
The theory of straight ticket voting
Authors: Gorelkina Olga , Grypari Ioanna , Hengel Erin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper explores the effects of the straight-ticket voting option (STVO) on the positions of politicians. STVO, present in some US states, allows voters to select one party for all partisan elections listed on the ballot, as opposed to filling out each office individually. We analyse the effects of STVO on policy-making by building a model of pre-election competition. STVO results in greater party loyalty of candidates, while increasing the weight of non-partisan voters’ positions in candidate selection. This induces an asymmetric effect on vote shares and implemented policies in the two-party system.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of postoperative pain and symptoms control following laser haemorrhoidoplasty versus Milligan-Morgan haemorrhoidectomy for symptomatic haemorrhoids: a new standard
Authors: Tan Varen Zhi Zheng , Peck Ern-wei , Sivarajah Sharmini S. , Tan Winson J. , Ho Leonard M. L. , Ng Jia-Lin , Chong Cheryl , Aw Darius , Mainza Franky , Foo Fung-Joon , Koh Frederick H. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Haemorrhoidal disease (HD) plagues one in every ten people, with a plethora of surgical treatment modalities, of which laser haemorrhoidoplasty (LHP) is a relatively novel option. This systematic review and meta-analysis objectively evaluated the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of LHP compared against conventional (Milligan-Morgan) open haemorrhoidectomy (CoH).

Method
A comprehensive search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and Google Scholar was conducted. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and comparative cohort studies (CCSs) which compared LHP against CoH were included, with postoperative pain as the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included intraoperative characteristics, short- and moderate-term outcome, and complications.

Results
A total of 12 studies (6 RCTs and 6 CCSs), with a total of 1824 patients, were analysed. LHP resulted in reduced postoperative pain for the first day (mean difference of 2.07 visual analogue scale units), week, and month. The mean dosage and duration of postoperative analgesia use was similarly lower, with a mean difference of 4.88 mg (morphine) and 2.25 days, respectively. Crucially, recurrence was equivocal (HR: 0.72, CI: 0.21–2.40) at a mean follow-up duration of 8.58 ± 9.55 months. LHP resulted in lower blood loss and was 12.74 min shorter on average. LHP’s postoperative recovery time was 9.03 days less with equivalent or decreased risk of most short- and moderate-term complications except anal thrombosis.

Conclusion
Our study suggests that LHP is more tolerable than CoH, providing patients with superior postoperative quality of life at equivalent moderate-term efficacy. These findings contribute to improved understanding of LHP and its potential at enhancing the quality of HD care.
Myeloid leukocytes’ diverse effects on cardiovascular and systemic inflammation in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Hof Alexander , Geißen Simon , Singgih Kezia , Mollenhauer Martin , Winkels Holger , Benzing Thomas , Baldus Stephan , Hoyer Friedrich Felix 
Published: July 2022

AbstractChronic kidney disease’s prevalence rises globally. Whereas dialysis treatment replaces the kidney’s filtering function and prolongs life, dreaded consequences in remote organs develop inevitably over time. Even milder reductions in kidney function not requiring replacement therapy associate with bacterial infections, cardiovascular and heart valve disease, which markedly limit prognosis in these patients. The array of complications is diverse and engages a wide gamut of cellular and molecular mechanisms. The innate immune system is profoundly and systemically altered in chronic kidney disease and, as a unifying element, partakes in many of the disease’s complications. As such, a derailed immune system fuels cardiovascular disease progression but also elevates the propensity for serious bacterial infections. Recent data further point towards a role in developing calcific aortic valve stenosis. Here, we delineate the current state of knowledge on how chronic kidney disease affects innate immunity in cardiovascular organs and on a systemic level. We review the role of circulating myeloid cells, monocytes and neutrophils, resident macrophages, dendritic cells, ligands, and cellular pathways that are activated or suppressed when renal function is chronically impaired. Finally, we discuss myeloid cells’ varying responses to uremia from a systems immunology perspective.
The changing image of the UK private landlord with the buy to let revolution
Authors: Farnood Farhad , Jones Colin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThere has been a long-standing negative image associated with private landlords. Private rented housing in the UK expanded dramatically after the millennium with the wide availability of buy-to-let mortgages. New types of people were attracted to private landlordism. It was arguably an opportunity to turn the page on historic negativity. However, these landlords were often seen as ‘get-rich-quick’ speculators. Our study combines historical analysis of media items, a review of legislation and an interview survey of landlords. It addresses to what extent the image of landlords has changed, discusses the response of government regulation to the BTL revolution and how it has been conditioned by perceptions about landlords. The study finds that the buy-to-let revolution has not fundamentally changed public perceptions of landlords, and the media still portray landlords with the ‘rogue’ epithet, a seemingly inevitable part of the headline. It has coloured public and political perspectives. Interviews with landlords reveal a resignation and sanguinity about their public image, which they see as belying their contribution to society. The negative perceptions have contributed to public policy bringing a string of consumer rights for tenants and attacking speculation by increasing taxation on landlords. In addition, there is a continuing narrative of ‘rogue landlords’ that has obliged the government to take specific measures to address this perceived problem. However, the landlords’ responses suggest that perceptions alone are unlikely to deter current or future landlords. Despite the recent policy changes private landlordism is a profitable activity.
Chance theory: A separation of riskless and risky utility
Authors: Schmidt Ulrich , Zank Horst 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn a temporal context, sure outcomes may yield higher utility than risky ones as they are available for the execution of plans before the resolution of uncertainty. By observing a disproportionate preference for certainty, empirical research points to a fundamental difference between riskless and risky utility. Chance Theory (CT) accounts for this difference and, in contrast to earlier approaches to separate risky and riskless utility, does not violate basic rationality principles like first-order stochastic dominance or transitivity. CT evaluates the lowest outcome of an act with the riskless utility v and the increments over that outcome, called chances, by subjective expected utility (EU) with a risky utility u. As a consequence of treating sure outcomes differently to risky ones, CT is able to explain the EU-paradoxes of Allais (Econometrica, 21(4): 503–546, 1953) that rely on the certainty effect, and also the critique to EU put forward by Rabin (Econometrica, 68(5): 1281–1292, 2000). Moreover, CT separates risk attitudes in the strong sense, captured entirely by u, from attitude towards wealth reflected solely through the curvature ofv.
Effect of basin water depth on the performance of vertical discs’ solar still—experimental investigation
Authors: Diab Mohamed Ragab , Abou-Taleb Fawzy Shaban , Essa Fadl Abdelmonem 
Published: July 2022

Abstract The ability to get clean water is the most urgent birthright for human beings. The scarcity of safe drinking water is a major challenge in both developed and developing countries. Due to overpopulation, industrial revolution advancements, and agricultural evolution, this challenge has become crucially influential. Several studies on solar desalination are being conducted to create novel models that will improve the efficiency and production of these units. Because of their higher evaporation, condensing, exposure, and output rates than traditional stills, vertical distillers have lately piqued the interest of numerous academics. In this study, the scholars investigated the impact of varying water depth at the best rotating speed of discs from their earlier work (1.5 rpm) on the thermal productivity of vertical distillers. Numerous water depths (5, 8, 11, and 14 cm) were studied at 1.5 rpm to specify the best depth. The results indicated that utilizing moving discs enhanced the distillers' productivity. Besides, the peak distiller performance was obtained at 1.5 rpm and 5 cm. Furthermore, the yield of the modified single-stage vertical distiller (MSSVD) and modified double-stage vertical distiller (MDSVD) was increased by 350 and 617.4%, respectively, over the conventional tilted distiller (CTD) productivity of 2.3 L/m2 day. MSSVD and MDSVD had the highest efficacy rates of 48.4 and 77.2%. Lastly, for CTD, CVD, MSSVD, and MDSVD, the pure water cost was 0.025, 0.0477, 0.0180, and 0.0193 $/L, respectively.
Entwicklung von Unterrichtsplanungsfähigkeit im Fach Physik: Welchen Einfluss hat Professionswissen?
Authors: Riese Josef , Vogelsang Christoph , Schröder Jan , Borowski Andreas , Kulgemeyer Christoph , Reinhold Peter , Schecker Horst 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungIm Lehramtsstudium sollen Studierende grundlegende Fähigkeiten zur theoriegeleiteten Unterrichtsplanung erwerben. In Übereinstimmung mit Modellen zur professionellen Handlungskompetenz von Lehrkräften wird hierbei meist angenommen, dass das im Studienverlauf erworbene Professionswissen eine wesentliche Grundlage für den Aufbau von Fähigkeiten zur Unterrichtsplanung bildet. Lerngelegenheiten zur Anwendung dieses Professionswissens bieten vor allem schulpraktische Phasen im fortgeschrittenen Studienverlauf. Es wird aber ebenso angenommen, dass gerade Erfahrungen mit der Unterrichtsplanung den Aufbau von Professionswissen unterstützen. Der Zusammenhang zwischen dem Ausmaß des Professionswissens und der Entwicklung von Planungsfähigkeit ist bisher unzureichend empirisch geklärt. Eine besondere methodische Herausforderung besteht darin, Planungsfähigkeiten sowohl möglichst authentisch als auch auf standardisierte Weise zu erfassen. Zur Untersuchung des genannten Zusammenhangs wurde eine längsschnittliche Studie im Prä-Post-Design bei angehenden Physiklehrkräften (N = 68 im Längsschnitt) an vier Universitäten durchgeführt. Die Unterrichtsplanungsfähigkeit wurde mit Hilfe eines standardisierten Performanztests vor und nach dem Absolvieren eines Praxissemesters erfasst, indem als Standardsituation der Entwurf einer Unterrichtsstunde zum 3. Newton’schen Axiom unter definierten Zeitvorgaben im Praxissemester simuliert wurde. Zusätzlich wurden das fachliche, fachdidaktische und pädagogische Wissen der Studierenden mit Hilfe standardisierter Instrumente zu beiden Zeitpunkten erhoben, sowie die einschlägigen Lerngelegenheiten im Praxissemester über einen Fragebogen erfasst. Sowohl für Unterrichtsplanungsfähigkeit als auch für alle Wissensvariablen können Zuwächse im Praxissemester beobachtet werden. Cross-Lagged-Panel-Analysen zeigen, dass insbesondere die Ausprägung des fachdidaktischen und pädagogischen Wissens der Studierenden am Beginn des Praxissemesters die Entwicklung von Unterrichtsplanungsfähigkeit begünstigt.
A Systematic Review of Risk Factors Implicated in the Suicide of Police Officers
Authors: Krishnan Nishant , Steene Lisa M. B. , Lewis Michael , Marshall David , Ireland Jane L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSuicide has long been considered as nearing ‘epidemic levels’ in law enforcement populations. Nevertheless, despite the argued scale of the problem, no review has yet systematically examined the evidence base to elucidate the risk factors or predictors implicated in the suicidal behaviours of police officers. The current review aims to do this, by considering a final sample of 20 papers that met inclusion criteria. Findings from this qualitative review revealed five superordinate risk factors (i.e., problematic substance use close to, or at the time of death; presence of depression and previous suicide attempts; differences in trauma response; exposure to excessive and prolonged job-related stress, including dissatisfaction; absence of a stable intimate relationship), which when taken in isolation each incrementally contributed to suicide risk, but when found to be comorbid, appeared to markedly increase the likelihood of completed suicide. Implications for suicide prevention, policy design, and treatment formulation are discussed, along with limitations and directions for future research.
Eosinophilic Gastritis and Eosinophilic Duodenitis
Authors: Olsson Sarah , Talley Nicholas J. , Holtmann Gerald 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Purpose of review

This review provides an overview of recent developments in the field of eosinophilic gastritis (EG) and eosinophilic duodenitis (EoD) with emphasis on diagnostic criteria, the clinical manifestation and available or emerging treatments.

Recent findings
Eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases such as EG and EoD are chronic inflammatory conditions with gastrointestinal symptoms and increased density of mucosal eosinophilic cells. Recent data suggest an association between increases of duodenal eosinophils and symptoms in patients with functional dyspepsia. Eosinophil infiltrates are patchy, and counts fluctuate with seasons, diet, medications and geographic factors. Country-specific reference ranges remain to be defined. Few treatment trials explored symptomatic improvement and resolution of eosinophilic infiltration in functional dyspepsia.

Summary
Eosinophils are part of the physiologic adaptive and innate immune response. A link between EG and in particular EoD with functional dyspepsia has been observed but a causal link with symptoms remains to be established.
A gas-flow funnel system to quantify advective gas emission rates from the subsurface
Authors: Lübben Alexander , Leven Carsten 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe estimation of greenhouse gas emission rates from the subsurface into the atmosphere is an important part of climate-related research activities and associated efforts concerning the global carbon cycle. For the direct quantification of gas emission rates from the subsurface to the atmosphere a large variety of gas detection and flux quantification techniques exists. With the goal of measuring advective CO2 gas exhalations circumventing limitations of available systems such as e.g. accumulation-chamber systems or eddy-flux covariance methods, we developed a simple, robust, and low-cost gas-flow funnel system. The device allows for the continuous measurement of mass flow rates with a free, unrestricted gas flow from advectively dominated gas exhalation spots. For the design of the gas-flow funnel we used custom-made, though easy-to-produce components, and sensors that are typically already available when working at such sites. Our general design can easily be applied at sites with focused, advectively driven gas exhalation like volcanic areas, shale-gas seeps, landfills, and open boreholes. For the proof-of-concept we tested the system during three field campaigns at a site with natural CO2-bound emissions associated with a geologic fault in southwestern Germany. The measurements showed to be comparable and repeatable throughout the three campaigns, and are consistent with findings from other field sites with comparable CO2 exhalations.
Single-Shot Light-Field Microscopy: An Emerging Tool for 3D Biomedical Imaging
Authors: Kim Kisoo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract3D microscopy is a useful tool to visualize the detailed structures and mechanisms of biomedical specimens. In particular, biophysical phenomena such as neural activity require fast 3D volumetric imaging because fluorescence signals degrade quickly. A light-field microscope (LFM) has recently attracted attention as a high-speed volumetric imaging technique by recording 3D information in a single-snapshot. This review highlighted recent progress in LFM techniques for 3D biomedical applications. In detail, various image reconstruction algorithms according to LFM configurations are explained, and several biomedical applications such as neuron activity localization, live-cell imaging, locomotion analysis, and single-molecule visualization are introduced. We also discuss deep learning-based LFMs to enhance image resolution and reduce reconstruction artifacts.
A novel image cryptosystem using Gray code, quantum walks, and Henon map for cloud applications
Authors: Abd-El-Atty Bassem , ElAffendi Mohammed , El-Latif Ahmed A. Abd 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCloud computing plays a vital task in our daily lives, in which an enormous amount of data is stored daily on cloud storage. The highest priority for cloud data storage is guaranteeing the security of confidential data. The security of confidential data can be realised through utilising one of the cryptographic mechanisms including encryption and data hiding. With the rapid development for the realization of quantum computers, modern cryptosystems may be cracked including cloud systems. Accordingly, it is a crucial task for achieving confidentiality of data stored on cloud storage before the availability of quantum computers. Therefore, this study aims to utilise one of the quantum computational models, as a quantum-inspired system, to layout a new data confidentiality technique that can be applied in digital devices to have the capability for resisting the potential attacks from quantum and digital computers. In this paper, a new image security algorithm for real-time cloud applications using Gray code, quantum walks (QW), and Henon map is proposed. In the proposed image cryptosystem, the generated key streams from QW and Henon map is related to the plain image with high sensitivity of slight bit changes on the plain image. The outcomes based on deep analysis proves that the presented algorithm is efficient with high security for real-time application.