bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spiking Neural Networks for Predictive and Explainable Modelling of Multimodal Streaming Data with a Case Study on Financial Time-series and Online News
Authors: Kasabov Nikola , AbouHassan Iman , Jagtap Vinayak , Kulkarni Parag 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Human intelligence is characterized by the ability to incrementally integrate different sources of information for a better decision making. This paper argues that brain-inspired spiking neural networks (SNN) can be used for predictive and explainable modelling of multimodal streaming data. The paper proposes a new method, based on the brain-inspired SNN architecture NeuCube, where, first, all streaming data are represented as numerical times series in the same time domain. Then a NeuCube model is incrementally trained on the integrated time series and continuously interpreted. The method is illustrated on integrated modelling of financial time series and online news. In contrast to traditional machine learning techniques, the proposed method reveals the dynamic interaction between all types of temporal variables and their impact on the model accuracy. The method is applicable on a wide range of multimodal time series, such as financial, medical, environmental, supporting also the use of massively parallel and low energy neuromorphic hardware.
Digital Resilience and Academic Skills in College Students
Authors: Kurniadi Kurniadi , Meiliyandrie Laila , Rahmah Rosyidah 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic has changed the policy of higher education in Indonesia from conventional learning to online. This policy change encourages students to have psychological resilience and adaptability through digital resilience and academic skills. The research method is divided into two stages: qualitatively formulating a measurement construct using an open-ended questionnaire with a total of 137 respondents. Based on the qualitative data, a digital measuring instrument for resilience and academic skills was developed as a 5-choice Likert Scale. The second stage is carried out quantitatively, looking at the reliability and item-total correlation test to select items not aligned with the measuring function using the Statistical Program for Social Science. The trial was conducted on 137 respondents. Based on the digital scale of resilience trials, the results showed that 64.9% of respondents had high resilience, 33.8% had moderate stability, and 1.2% had low strength. While analyzing the items measuring digital resilience and academic skills research, it was found that Cronbach's Alpha reliability value was 0.917. So the measuring instrument for digital resilience and academic skills is reliable and appropriate to be used to explain the condition of students during Covid-19.
Analysis of subclinical hypothyroidism and related factors in obese population
Authors: Che Weiqi , Liu Qianqian , Fu Songbo , Tang Xulei , Jing Gaojing , Niu Qianglong , Teng Weiping 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) in obese people.
Patients and Methods: A survey was conducted on adult Han Chinese residents in Gansu Province, Northwest China, and the subjects' examination data were recorded. χ2 test was used to analyze the prevalence of SCH in the obese people, and Pearson correlation analysis of TSH levels in the overweight and obese people was conducted. Logistic regression analysis model was used to analyze the risk factors for SCH in the obese people.
Results: A total of 2849 individuals (1456 males and 1393 females) were included in this study, including 352 obese patients and 694 patients with SCH (294 males and 400 females).The prevalence of SCH was lower in men than in women in the obese people (23.48% vs 35.25%, P=0.019).The overall trend of SCH prevalence in overweight and obese people increases with age.TSH levels in overweight and obese people were positively correlated with age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), body mass index (BMI), serum total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) and blood phosphorus.Logistic regression analysis concluded increased age, high fasting glucose (FPG), high TPOAb, high SBP, high AST, and high blood phosphorus as risk factors for SCH in overweight and obese people, and male, uric acid (UA) as protective factors.
Conclusions: The prevalence of SCH in overweight and obese people is relatively high, and effective control of BMI may have a role in reducing the prevalence of SCH; the prevalence of SCH in overweight and obese people is higher in women than in men, and attention should be paid to its screening and prevention.
A freely precessing magnetar following an X-ray outburst
Authors: Desvignes Gregory , Weltevrede Patrick , Gao Yong , Jones Ian , Kramer Michael , Caleb Manisha , Karuppusamy Ramesh , Levin Lina , Liu Kuo , Lyne Andrew , Shao Lijing , Stappers Ben 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Magnetars, highly magnetised neutron stars, are thought to be the most likely progenitors for fast radio bursts (FRBs). Freely precessing magnetars are further invoked to explain the repeating FRBs. We report here on new high-cadence polarimetric radio observations of the magnetar XTE J1810−197 recorded shortly after an outburst in late 2018. We interpret the rapid polarisation variations of the magnetar radio emission as strong evidence for the magnetar undergoing free precession following the X-ray outburst and damped on a timescale of months. The observations of precession being damped argue against the scenario of freely precessing magnetars as the origin of repeating FRBs. Using a free precession model based on crust-core coupling with relaxing ellipticity, we find the magnetar ellipticity to be in good agreement with theoretical predictions from nuclear physics. Our precise measurement of the magnetar’s geometry can also further help in refining the modelling of X-ray light curves and constrain the star’s compactness.
A Cryptosporidium parvum vaccine candidate effect on immunohistochemical profiling of CD4, CD8, Caspase-3 and NF-κB in mice
Authors: Aboelsoued Dina , Toaleb Nagwa I. , Ibrahim Sally , Shaapan Raafat M. , Megeed Kadria N. Abdel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background: Cryptosporidium parvum is a protozoan parasite of medical and veterinary importance that causes neonatal diarrhea in many vertebrate hosts. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of an affinity-purified antigen as a C. parvum vaccine candidate using ileal and liver tissues of experimentally infected neonatal mice by immunohistochemical profiling and immune scoring of CD4, CD8, Caspase-3, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). This vaccine was prepared from the C. parvum oocyst antigen using immunoaffinity chromatography with cyanogen bromide-activated Sepharose-4B beads. Thirty neonatal mice were divided into three groups (10 mice/group): (1) nonimmunized noninfected, (2) nonimmunized infected (using gastric tubes with a single dose of 1×105 of C. parvum oocysts in 250 µl PBS solution 1 h before a meal) and (3) immunized (twice with 40 µg/kg of purified C. parvum antigen at 2-week intervals and then infected with 1×105 C. parvum oocysts simultaneously with the second group). After euthanizing the animals on the 10th day, post-infection, their ileal and liver tissues were collected and prepared for immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining to detect CD4, CD8, Caspase-3, and NF-κB levels, which are indicators for T helper cells, cytotoxic T cells, apoptosis, and inflammation, respectively.
Results: The IHC results showed that CD4, CD8, Caspase-3, and NF-κB antibodies varied significantly (P <0.001) in both organs in all the groups. We also recorded high CD4 levels and low CD8 antibodies in the nonimmunized noninfected mice tissues, while the opposite was observed in the nonimmunized infected mice tissues. In the immunized infected mice, the CD4 level was higher than CD8 in both organs. While the Caspase-3 levels were higher in the ileal tissue of nonimmunized infected than immunized infected mice ileal tissues, the reverse was seen in the liver tissues of both groups. Furthermore, NF-κB expression was higher in the liver tissues of nonimmunized infected mice than in immunized infected mice tissues. Therefore, the IHC results and immune-scoring program revealed a significant difference (P <0.001) in the CD4, CD8, Caspase-3, and NF-κB antibody levels in both ileal and liver tissues of all mice groups, which might be necessary for immunomodulation in these tissues.
Conclusions: The improvement observed in the immunized infected mice suggests that this vaccine candidate might protect against cryptosporidiosis.
Autosomal recessive type 3 Stickler syndrome caused by compound heterozygous mutations in COL11A2: a case report
Authors: Su Ying , Ran Chun-Qiong , Liu Zhe-Long , Yang Yan , Yuan Gang , Hu Shu-Hong , Yu Xue-Feng , He Wen-Tao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground Stickler syndrome (SS) is a group of hereditary collagenopathies caused by a variety of collagen and non-collagen genes. Affected patients have characteristic manifestations involving ophthalmic, articular, craniofacial and auditory disorders. SS is classified into several subtypes according to clinical and molecular features. Type 3 SS is ultra-rare, known as non-ocular SS or otospondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia (OSMED) with only a few ballisticCOL11A2variants reported to date. Case presentation A 29-year-old Chinese male was referred to our hospital for hearing loss and multiple joint pain. He presented a phenotype highly suggestive of OSMED, including progressive sensorineural deafness, spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia with large epiphyses, platyspondyly, degenerative osteoarthritis, and sunken nasal bridge. We detected compound heterozygous mutations inCOL11A2, both of which are predicted to be splicing mutations. One of the mutations is synonymous mutation c.3774C > T (p.Gly1258Gly) whereas it may cause splicing mutation predicted byin silicoanalysis, the other is a novel intron mutation c.4750 + 5 G > A which is a highly conservative site across several species. The patient received medications to alleviate the joint pain and osteoporosis. We also present a review of the current known pathogenic mutation spectrum ofCOL11A2in patients with type 3 SS. Conclusion For patients with characteristic manifestations of SS syndrome, next-generation genetic analysis is beneficial for precision medical care and genetic counseling.
Contemporary atmospheric oxygen levels maximize global protection by ozone
Authors: Józefiak Iga , Sukhodolov Timofei , Egorova Tatiana , Chiodo Gabriel , Stenke Andrea , Rieder Harald , Peter Thomas , Rozanov Eugene 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Photolysis of molecular oxygen (O2) sustains the stratospheric ozone layer and is thereby protecting living organisms on Earth by absorbing harmful ultraviolet radiation. In the past, atmospheric O2 levels have not been constant, and their variations are thought to be responsible for the extinction of species due to the thinning of the ozone layer. Over the Phanerozoic Eon (last ~500 Mio years), the O2 volume mixing ratio ranged between 10% and 35% depending on the level of photosynthetic activity of plants and oceans. Previous estimates, however, showed ambiguous ozone (O3) responses to atmospheric O2 changes, such as monotonically positive or negative correlations, or displaying a maximum in the O3 column around a certain O2 level. Here, we assess the ozone layer sensitivity to atmospheric O2 varying between 5% and 40% with a state-of-the-art chemistry-climate model (CCM). Our findings show that the O3 layer thickness maximizes around the current mixing ratio of O2, 21%, under the contemporary boundary conditions. Lower or higher levels of O2 result globally in a reduction of total column O3 and, therefore, allow more harmful ultraviolet radiation (UV) to reach the surface. At low latitudes, the total column O3 is less sensitive to O2 changes, because of the known “self-healing” effect. In mid and high latitudes, however, there is an equator-to-pole variation between high and low O2 cases. Particularly, polar cap O3 is more sensitive to O2 with changes up to 20 DU even for small O2 perturbations. These variations are modulated by the radiative impact of O3 on stratospheric temperatures and on the strength of the Brewer-Dobson circulation (BDC), indicating chemistry-radiation-transport feedback. High O2 cases result in an acceleration of the BDC, and vice versa. This renders the relationship between O3 and molecular O2 to be non-linear on both global and regional scales, however still maximizing global mean total O3 column at contemporary O2 levels.
“Blowjobs are Jobs Too”: An Exploratory Study into the Victimisation Experiences of Male Sex Workers &amp; Calls for Reforms in Botswana.
Authors: MASHUMBA LESEDI 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study conducted in-depth face to face interviews with 20 male sex workers (MSWs) servicing sex tourists in Botswana. Expert opinions were also sought with support organizations in Botswana to understand more about male sex work in Botswana. The research questions were directed at exploring a) how male sex workers experienced and perceived victimisation in their interactions with sex tourists, b) what role support groups played, and c) what reforms both male sex workers and support groups propose for the male sex work industry. The article presents their victimisation experiences, health risks and opinions of the support groups. The study found out that MSWs frequently experienced physical violence and sexual assaults such as stealthing, especially male sex workers who identified as gay or bisexual. MSWs never reported their victimisation experiences to the police due to fear of stigmatisation, shaming and possible arrests given the partial criminalisation of sex work. Support groups on the other, as non-governmental organizations offered the much-needed support services such as distribution of lubes, condoms, HIV screening, counselling, and ARV and PrEP access and management for sex workers. This study contributes to the limited literature examining the experiences of MSWs, demonstrating their vulnerability and the need for interventions to mitigate their victimisation and protect their health. Many sex workers emphasised constitutional protections of their rights, the need to decriminalise, as well as the promotion of safety and security. The study argues that traditionally, culture and religion have produced a gender-biased socio-cultural parameter that places males as providers, hence, their vulnerability to victimisation and sexual violence is often unnoticed, which also makes reporting difficult to law enforcement.
Understanding stakeholders’ experience with sickle cell disease by social media listening across Europe
Authors: Bras Daniel , Bento Celeste , Aasaithambi Sathyaraj , Chauhan Jyoti , Moital Inês 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The use of social media platforms for sharing health-related information is on the rise. Sickle cell disease (SCD) affects millions of people worldwide. However, discussions by SCD stakeholders on social media remain unexplored. This study aimed to gain understanding on patient and other stakeholders’ awareness about SCD and their perception of the patient journey by social media listening.
Methods
Data was retrospectively collected from April 2019 to April 2021 on SCD specific terms in 14 European countries from blogs, forums, and social networking sites (Twitter, public Facebook, YouTube, and Instagram).
Results
Of 317.9K conversations on SCD (93% Twitter), 945 posts on relevant patient-centric conversation were analyzed. Most patients were females (73%) and ≤ 30 years old (75%). Patient journey stages were addressed in 52% of conversations. Patient journey conversations were mainly regarding symptoms (56%) (mainly pain episodes, pain in general, and vaso-occlusive crises) and treatment (44%). Conversations on hospital visits or hospitalization mostly revolved around crisis faced due to symptoms. Impact on quality of life, especially emotional impact (56%), was also extensively discussed. Unmet needs were derived from 24% of the conversations, lack of awareness of SCD (42%) and lack of empathy and support from HCPs (24%) being the most frequent topics. Patients reported having their symptoms questioned or dismissed by healthcare professionals, which they attributed to racial bias.
Conclusions
Social media listening is a useful tool to explore the real experiences, concerns and needs of SCD patients and other stakeholders, providing valuable insights for improving the management of these patients.
miR-21-5p promotes osteogenic differentiation and calcification of valvular interstitial cells by targeting TGFBI in calcific aortic valve disease
Authors: Gu Yan , Chen Rongjin , Song Jianxiang , Shi Zhan , Wu Jixiang , Chang Huiwen , Yuan Conghu , Shi Woda , Zhang Yajun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most common heart relating disease with high morbidity and mortality, especially in elderly population. A previous recent multi-omics study suggested a novel CAVD molecular interaction network contained miR-21-5p. To confirm the association between miR-21-5p and CAVD progression, in this study, we investigated the roles of miR-21-5p in the mineralization process of aortic valves obtained from CAVD patients and paired normal tissues. Valvular intersitial cells (VICs) were isolated from clinic samples and maintained for the following assays. RT-qPCR was utilized for detection of miR-21-5p and related protein expression levels to confirm the related factors in CAVD progression. Western blotting was applied to strengthen the results of RT-qPCR and confirm osterogenic differentiation of VICs via biomarker detection. The staining of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red was performed to assess the degree of VIC mineralization. We found that miR-21-5p was remarkably increased in calcified aortic valves (AVs) whereas TGFBI was diminished in CAVD samples compared to the paired normal tissues from CAVD patients. Additionally, TGFBI was targeted by miR-21-5p. Furthermore, overexpressing TGFBI could block VIC osteogenic differetiation mediated by miR-21-5p. To sum up, miR-21-5p promotes VIC osteogenic differentiation and calcificaion via TGFBI in CAVD progression. Our work might bring a sight on underlying mechansims of CAVD progression and provide a possible therapeutic target for diagnosis and treatment.
Addressing the crisis in child mental health: the feasibility of primary prevention through social prescribing as the missing link
Authors: Charlton Jenna Jane Victoria , Battersby Alexandra , Drinkwater Chris , McKean Mike , Quibell Toby 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The mental health (MH) and wellbeing of our children is in crisis. Increasing prevalence of disorder and need is placing extreme stress on under resourced and over stretched services. Most at-risk are those living in areas of social deprivation who experience multiple adverse effects of poverty and inequality in health access and care. Within the health sector Social Prescribing (SP) as a provision to target mental health and wellbeing has gained in popularity in adult MH, yet there is little exploration of SP practice addressing children’s MH or the value of embedding SP into education as well as the health sector. This study explores the feasibility of SP for children within an at-risk community, utilising cross-sector collaboration to design and implement a SP programme with health and education referral.
Methods
Taking place in the West End of Newcastle, SP programme design involved community consultation with 60 primary school children, 38 cross-sector professionals, and 9 parents. Implementation involved a hierarchy of three governance groups of cross-sector stakeholders.
Results
‘Zone West’ (ZW) was designed in response to a gap in the provision of support for children with MH needs below clinical thresholds but generating repeat attendance at primary care or poor educational engagement. Referral pathways for health and education sectors were defined, and the value of implementing SP into education were highlighted. Key to implementation was ‘buy-in’ from cross-sector partners and embedding ZW into community services.
Conclusions
SP offers the opportunity for early identification and intervention of child MH difficulties. Success requires cross-sector collaboration which presents unique challenges; unclear processes for information sharing and separate funding streams. More work is required to ensure these are streamlined and to evaluate evidence of impact to provide sustainable and replicable models in the future.
Auxin metabolism modulates rooting process in different geranium cultivars
Authors: GREGOR OSTERC , Veberič Robert , Hudina Metka 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Geraniums are widely used ornamental plant species, mostly used as balcony plants. As a typical herbaceous plant species, it is generally believed that rooting is not a serious problem with this species. However, in practise, rooting has been shown to be highly dependent on the cultivar. In the present experiment, the rooting success of two cultivars, namely the easier-to-root cultivar 'Tango' and the more difficult-to-root cultivar 'Fire Cascade', was investigated based on the metabolism of IAA and its metabolite IAA aspartate. Cuttings of cultivar 'Fire Cascade', which had 2 to 5 times higher IAA concentration in their tissues immediately after abscission, rooted more slowly and formed a heavily stressed callus compared to cuttings of cultivar 'Tango'. Different hormone treatments applied to the cuttings prior to substrate insertion tended to decrease callus formation on the cuttings and tended to increase rooting in both cultivars. There were no statistically significant differences in IAA and IAA-aspartate concentrations in relation to the different hormone applications in cuttings, except in 'Tango' cuttings, where there was a significant relationship between hormone treatment and timing of IAA-aspartate concentration analysis.