bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Serum Apolipoprotein B Levels with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Zhong Xia , Jiao Huachen , Zhao Dongsheng , Yang Mengqi , Teng Jing 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective: Despite their fundamental importance, to date, critical evaluation of APOB in relation to paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(AF) has been limited. This study aimed to determine the association between APOB and paroxysmal AF by gender in the Chinese population.
Methods: This was a case-control study of 320 paroxysmal AF patients and 640 age-, sex-matched (1:1) non-AF patients with sinus rhythm at our institution between January 2019 to September 2021. T-tests, Mann-Whitney tests, Chi-square analysis, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to investigate the intergroup comparisons. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between ABOB and paroxysmal AF. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to show the predictive performance. Spearman correlation tests were used to explore the correlation between APOB and metabolic factors.
Results: Multivariate regression analysis showed an independent negative correlation between APOB levels and paroxysmal AF (OR=0.271, 95% CI: 0.121-0.606, P＜0.05) in men and women, regardless of statin reception. ROC curve showed the most optimal cut-off value of the APOB level in males and females was 0.855 g/L and 0.895 g/L, respectively. Spearman correlation analysis indicated APOB was positively associated with total cholesterol (TC) ( r=0.818), LDL-C (r= 0.863), apolipoprotein A1(APOA1) (r=0.178), and albumin (ALB) (r=0.249) in patients with paroxysmal AF.
Conclusion: The principal findings of this study imply an independent negative correlation between APOB and paroxysmal AF in men and women among the Chinese population. Further investigation is needed to determine their causalities and potential mechanisms.
Structural, morphological, and thermal properties of cellulose nanofibers extracted from waste paper
Authors: Najafabadipoor Mohammad , Abbaslou Hanie , Bakhtiari Somayeh 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Waste paper is generally disposed of in the garbage, which pollutes the environment and wastes natural resources. Producing a valuable material from these residues, like cellulose nanoparticles, can eliminate one of the harmful environmental factors and improve recycling. This research used chemical and mechanical methods to extract cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) from waste papers. Papers were treated with 17.5% NaOH, then performed decolorization with NaClO. During these steps, remove some hemicelluloses, pectin, and lignin. Acid hydrolysis was also performed by HCl at different concentrations, times, and temperatures. The FTIR analysis showed that the sample with an acid concentration of 3 M, at a temperature of 100 °C, and 2-hour treatment has the highest crystallization index. XRD analysis revealed that the sample's optimum crystallinity was 70%. Based on the SEM image analysis, the best fibrillation mode occurred at room temperature after 2 hours. According to the TG analysis, the nanofibers had a maximum destructive temperature of 361.6 °C, which destroyed 90% of the fibers. The combination of chemical and mechanical methods showed high efficiency in extracting cellulose nanofibers.
Breakdown intention-based outcome evaluation after transient right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) deactivation
Authors: Zhang Junfeng , Sun Sai , Zhou Chengyan , Cai Yaochun , Liu Hao , Yu Rongjun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
People judge the nature of human behaviors based on underlying intentions and possible outcomes. Recent studies have demonstrated a causal role of the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) in modulating both intention and intention-based outcome evaluations during social judgments. However, these studies are mainly extended under hypothetical scenarios with socially undesirable contexts (bad/neutral intentions and bad/neutral outcomes), leaving the question of whether the rTPJ plays a similar role in modulating social judgments under scenarios with good intentions and good outcomes underexplored. In the current study, participants were instructed to make fairness judgments as a third party toward the monetary allocations from one dictator to another responder. Critically, in some cases, the initial allocation by the dictator could be reversed by the computer, yielding combinations of good/bad intentions with good/bad outcomes. Anodal (n = 20), cathodal (n = 21), and sham (n = 21) transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the rTPJ were randomly assigned to 62 subjects to further examine the effects of stimulation over the rTPJ in modulating intention-based outcome evaluation. We have identified a consistent intention-oriented attribution regardless of the fairness of outcomes in the baseline condition across groups. Moreover, cathodal tDCS over the rTPJ compared to the anodal and sham stimulations diminished the goodness ratings towards good/bad outcomes when the intentions are hyperaltruistic and showed no difference with outcome ratings under unknown and bad intentions. Our results provide the first evidence that deactivating the rTPJ disrupted intention-oriented attribution in social judgments, mainly by reducing the goodness rating towards both good/bad outcomes when the intentions are hyperaltruistic, but not by enhancing the permission of good outcomes when the intentions are bad/unknown. Our findings argue for a causal role of the rTPJ in modulating intention-based social judgments that may also rely on contextual salience.
Digital versus radiographic evaluation for guided implant surgery: an in vitro study
Authors: Yi Chun , Li Sha , Wen Aonan , Wang Yong , Zhao Yijiao , Zhang Yu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background:
Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is the most widely used method for postsurgical evaluation of the accuracy of guided implant surgery. However, the disadvantages of CBCT include radiation exposure, artifacts caused by metal implants, and high cost. Few studies have introduced a digital registration method to replace CBCT for evaluating the accuracy of guided surgery. The purpose of this study was to compare digital registration to conventional CBCT in terms of the capacity to evaluate the implant positioning accuracy of guided surgery.
Materials and Methods:
This in vitro study included 40 acrylic resin models with posterior single mandibular tooth loss. Guided surgery software was used to determine the optimal implant position; 40 tooth-supported fully guided drilling templates were designed and milled accordingly. After the guided surgery, the accuracies of the surgical templates were evaluated by conventional CBCT and digital registration. For evaluation by conventional CBCT, postsurgical CBCT scans of the resin models were performed. The CBCT data were reconstructed and superimposed on the implant planning data. For digital registration, we constructed a virtual registration unit that consisted of an implant replica and a scan body. Next, we obtained postsurgical optical scans of resin models with the scan body. The postsurgical implant position was identified by superimposition of the registration unit and optical scan data. The implant planning data and postsurgical implant position data were superimposed; deviations were reported in terms of distance for implant entry/apex point and in terms of angle for the implant axis. Interclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland–Altman plots were used to analyze the agreement between the two evaluation methods.
Results:
The ICCs between the two methods were 0.986, 0.993, and 0.968 for the entry point, apex point, and angle, respectively; all were significantly greater than 0.75 (p < 0.001). Bland–Altman plots showed that the 95% limits of agreement of the differences were − 0.144 to + 0.081 mm, − 0.135 to + 0.147 mm, and − 0.451° to + 0.729° for the entry point, apex point, and angle, respectively; all values were within the maximum tolerated difference.
Conclusion:
Conventional CBCT and digital registration showed good agreement in terms of evaluating the accuracy of implant positioning using tooth-supported surgical templates.
Experimental study of flux decline mechanisms in skim milk ultrafiltration
Authors: PERRON-LACROIX Maxance , Absi Rafik , Aouanouk S. Amine , Mouheb Abdelkader 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study, the flux decline during milk ultrafiltration was studied experimentally. Experiments were conducted for both milk and dextran to allow a comparison between foulant and non-foulant solutes. We measured concentrations in permeate during milk ultrafiltration experiments. Results show that considering dextran as non-foulant is an overstatement. The irregular shape of dextran makes it more difficult to clean compared to the spherical shape of milk micelle. The size of the micelles prevents them to enter the pores and to diffuse in the bulk feed, in this way the cake formation is favorized comparing to other fouling mechanism. Hermia models were used in a linear form to confirm the dominance of cake formation mechanism for milk fouling. Nevertheless, the close values of correlation factors suggest that cake formation mechanism depends on whey protein concentrations. It seems dominant for milk at 10 g/L but not for 5 g/L. Higher whey protein concentrations have stimulated the caking by increasing the compaction on the membrane.
Sensorless Misalignment Detection on Linear Feed Axis with Revised ResNet and Transfer Learning Using Motor Current
Authors: Demetgul Mustafa , Zihan Ma , Heider Imanuel , Fleischer Jürgen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Due to ageing populations and a shortage of skilled labour, automatic machine condition monitoring is a powerful tool to ensure smooth operation of production systems with reduced manpower. Automatic condition monitoring enables early detection of machine faults, greatly increasing uptime, reliability, and safety. However, conventional fault detection methods based on vibration require installation of additional sensors, thus bringing up implementation effort and initial costs. The linear feed axis is a machine component whose failure can bring an entire production line to a standstill. Therefore, this study presents a sensorless approach, which uses a linear axis’ motor current for the detection of misalignment. Motor current time series data was encoded as images and then fed to a CNN, more precisely a revised residual neural network (ResNet). A random search hyper-parameter tuning technique was used to optimise the structure of the CNN. Then, transfer learning was used to apply the current signal features already learned to other scenarios. The results showed that both horizontal and vertical misalignments of linear feed axes can be well detected by a revised ResNet using motor current signals, with an accuracy of 99.76%. Using transfer learning, misalignments were detected with an accuracy of 92.67% – even under the influence of external forces.
Opa1 helical structures give perspective to mitochondrial dysfunction
Authors: Hinshaw Jenny , Nyenhuis Sarah , Wu Xufeng , Stanton Abigail , Strub Marie-Paule , Yim Yang-In , Canagarajah Bertram 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Dominant Optic Atrophy is the leading cause of childhood blindness, with 60-80% of cases caused by mutation of the gene encoding the protein Optic Atrophy 1, OPA1. This condition dysregulates the GTPase mediated fusion process of the mitochondrial inner- and outer-membranes. OPA1 is critical to the dynamic organization and regulation of the mitochondria due to its role in cristae remodeling and GTPase-mediated fusion of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Here, we solved helical structures of OPA1 assembled on lipid membrane tubes, in the presence and absence of nucleotide by cryo-electron microscopy methods. These helical assemblies organize into densely packed protein rungs with minimal inter-rung connectivity and exhibit nucleotide-dependent dimerization of the GTPase domains, a hallmark of dynamin superfamily proteins (DSPs). In contrast to other DSPs, OPA1 contains several unique secondary structures in the paddle domain that strengthen its membrane association. The novel structural features identified in this study shed light on the effects of pathogenic point mutations on protein folding, inter-protein assembly, and membrane interactions. Further, mutations chosen to disrupt OPA1 assembly interfaces and membrane binding cause mitochondrial fragmentation in cell-based assays, demonstrating the biological relevance of these interactions.
Geometrical representation of the multi-dimensional consistency : 1-form case
Authors: Kongkoom Thanadon , Yoo-Kong Sikarin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A new notion of integrability called the multi-dimensional consistency for the integrable systems with the Lagrangian 1-form structure is captured in the geometrical language both classical and quantum levels. A zero-curvature condition, which implies the multi-dimensional consistency, will be a key relation in various contexts, e.g. Hamiltonian vector fields, Lagrangian vector fields, temporal Lax matrices and Hamiltonian operators. Therefore, the existence of the zero-curvature condition directly leads to the path-independent feature in various maps (which will be expressed in terms of the Wilson line), e.g. a family of maps in N-parameter groups on cotangent and tangent bundles, time evolution maps in the Lax pair level and unitary multi-time evolution operators in the Schrödinger picture. The main highlights of this work are the following. The new mathematical objects, called Hamilton vector field and Lagrange vector field defined in the space of independent variables, are introduced to alternatively capture integrability of the systems. To ensure the integrability, these new vector fields must be conservative and irrotational. Another important result is the formulation of the continuous multi-time propagator. With this new type of the propagator, a new perspective on summing all possible paths unavoidably arises as not only all possible paths on the space of dependent variables but also on the space of independent variables must be taken into account. The semi-classical approximation is applied to the multi-time propagator expressing in terms of the classical action and the fluctuation around the classical path and, therefore, the integrability of the quantum system can be captured through the path independent feature on the space of independent variables of the multi-time propapgator.
Mathematics Subject Classification: 37J70
Decision-making study on risk evaluation of earth and rock dams based on ANP unascertained measurement theory
Authors: Li Feng , Zhang Pengchao , Li Qian , Shen Zhuangyu , Du Xuewan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Earth and rock dams are subject to risks caused by uncertainties during operation and management, and the health condition of earth and rock dams in service must be determined in a timely manner to properly protect them. In order to evaluate the health condition of earth and rock dams easily, quickly, reliably and quantitatively, this paper proposes a health evaluation method based on the ANP unconfirmed measure theory, and gives specific evaluation steps. First, the risk evaluation index system of earth and rock dams was constructed from six aspects: engineering quality, operation and management, diffuse top damage, infiltration damage, destabilization damage, and other factors. Then, the risk value of the evaluation index is determined using the unconfirmed measure model by integrating multiple types of information such as numerical calculation, inspection and inspection, and test and inspection, and the index is weighted using ANP. Finally, a project is used as an arithmetic example to verify the scientific applicability of the method in the risk evaluation of earth and rock dam projects, which provides an important reference for the risk control and management of earth and rock dam projects.
Circulating Mutant of Foot and Mouth Disease virus serotype A-African- Genotype IV in Egypt during 2022
Authors: Shahein Momtaz A. , Hussein Heba A. , Ali M. H. , Shemies Omayma A. , Afify Ahmed F. , Hassan Ayah M. , Zaher Mostafa R. , AbouElela Nahla H. , Habashi Ahmed R. , Eid Samah , Atea Mohamed , Abdel-Hakim Mahmoud A. , Hagag Naglaa M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Foot and Mouth Disease Virus causes continuously annoying outbreaks and massive animal illnesses. Usually, the potential influence of the disease was due to the emergence of conquered emergent new strains or re-emergence of local strains with major antigenic variations due to the mutation in the genetic strip. Therefore, the proposed work is based on the genetic characterization of the virus by VP1 codon sequencing in the tested samples. Besides, the viral physiological testing using BHK-21 cell lines and the ELISA test for FMDV antigen serotyping. Positive serotype A samples were furtherly analyzed for nucleotide sequencing. The resulting sequences showed that they belonged to the FMD serotype A African topotypes originating from the ancestor prototype SUD/77 with a similarity of 98.48 ± 1.2% with each other. The divergence was 9.3% from the other local isolates from 2020. Additionally, they are closely related to the Egyptian-Damietta type-2016 and the Sudanese-2018 by 96.84 ± 1.01% and 95.84 ± 0.79%, respectively. Moreover, the divergence with the vaccinal strains ranged from 10 to 17%. Ultimately, the analysis of the amino acid showed that the isolates have variation in the most prominent antigenic regionsof of, allocated at residues 35–75, and at the immunogenic determinants of the G-H loop of VP1 (residues 100–146, residues 161–175). Therefore, the current isolates should be included in the vaccine to provide broader immunogenic coverages against serotype A-African topotypes.
Lithological discrimination and lineaments extraction using Landsat 8 &amp; ASTER data, a case study of Jbel Saghro (Moroccan Anti-Atlas)
Authors: Marzouki Anass , Dridri Abdallah 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The present work reveals the potential of Landsat 8 and ASTER imagery in the lithological discrimination and lineaments extraction in the region of Tiwit (Jbel Saghro). Various remote sensing and image processing techniques were applied to the Landsat 8 and ASTER scenes: False-color composites (RGB 751 & 531), Principal Component Analysis (PCA 653 & 821), Minimum Noise Fraction (MNF 643 & 541), and Independent Component Analysis (ICA 137 & 235). These techniques discriminate the granitic formations (Isk-n-Alla, Mimasmarane, Ibantarn, and Ikniwn), the rhyolitic and ignimbrite formation (Amtattouch, Ouzarzamand Assaka), and other various rock types (aphanitic basalts, sandstones, conglomerates, etc.). The automatic and manual lineaments extraction methods highlight the major lineaments in the study area, trending NE-SW, E-W, and ENE-WSW. The obtained results are consistent with the geologic map of Tiwit. Maximum Likelihood, Spectral Angle Mapper, and Mahalanobis distance classifiers show an overall accuracy of 88%, 56%, and 82.6%, respectively, for Landsat 8. ASTER data show a better result in classification with an overall accuracy of 90.6%, 84%, and 88% for the same classifiers.
Gut microbial dysbiosis requires vagus nerve integrity to promote depression
Authors: Siopi Eleni , Galerne Mathieu , Rivagorda Manon , Saha Soham , Moigneu Carine , Oury Franck , Lledo Pierre-Marie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Chronic stress constitutes a major risk factor for depression that can disrupt various aspects of homeostasis, including the gut microbiome (GM). We have recently shown that GM imbalance affects adult hippocampal (HPC) neurogenesis and induces depression-like behaviors, with the exact mechanisms being under active investigation. Here we hypothesized that the vagus nerve (VN), a key bidirectional route of communication between the gut and the brain, could relay the effects of stress-induced GM changes on HPC plasticity and behavior. We used fecal samples derived from mice that sustained unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) to inoculate healthy mice and assess standard behavioral readouts for anxiety and depression, conduct histological and molecular analyses for adult HPC neurogenesis and evaluate neurotransmission pathways and neuroinflammation. To study the potential role of the VN in mediating the effects of gut dysbiosis on brain functions and behavior, we used mice that sustained subdiaphragmatic vagotomy (Vx) prior the GM transfer. We found that inoculation of healthy mice with GM from UCMS mice activates the VN and induces early and sustained changes in both serotonin and dopamine neurotransmission pathways in the brainstem and HPC. These changes are associated with prompt and persistent deficits in adult HPC neurogenesis and induce early and sustained neuroinflammatory responses in the HPC. Remarkably, Vx abrogates adult HPC neurogenesis deficits, neuroinflammation and depressive-like behavior, suggesting that vagal afferent pathways are necessary to drive GM-mediated effects on the brain.
Structural Barriers or Attitudinal Barriers? Finding From the First Dose Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccine Outreach Program in Sik District of Kedah of Northern Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Awaluddin S Maria , Zainal Hadzri , Khalid Noorul Emilin Abdul , Said Suraya , Bakar Rosmalina Abu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Introduction

Outreach program is one of the strategies to reach the underserved population besides investigating the barriers to the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. There is scarce information on the outcome of the COVID-19 outreach program and the reasons for missing the first dose COVID-19 vaccine among adult residents stayed in the rural Sik district. The study aimed to describe the Sik District outreach program's outcome in terms of the proportion of residents being successfully vaccinated and the reasons for missing the first dose COVID-19 vaccine at the public vaccination center. This study also determined the factor associated with structural barriers among residents who missed the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine in the Sik District.

Material and Methods

This was a retrospective study on the secondary data and the data analysis was conducted between June to August 2022. The Sik District outreach program was held between October 2021 to January 2022 after a line listing of residents who missed the first dose COVID-19 vaccine was compiled. Descriptive, bivariate and logistic regression were utilized in analyzing the data. Ethical approval was obtained from the relevant authorities before conducting the study.

Results

A total of 486 out of 553 residents were vaccinated through this outreach program, yielding 87.6% of success rate. Most of the residents were noted to have transportation problems (52.6%), followed by vaccine hesitancy (19.8%), vaccine refusal (13.2%), and afraid of needles (8.5%). Only ten residents were successfully vaccinated out of the total 73 residents who were categorized as vaccine refusal following on-site counseling. The proportion of attitude-related barriers was 45.4%, while structural-related was 54.6%. The associated factors for structural barriers in this outreach program were being bed-bound residents, being non-citizen residents, staying away from the health care facilities, and being older age.

Conclusion

This outreach program increases the vaccination coverage rate despite the barriers to the underserved population. The outreach team may have no problem handling the residents with structural barriers, however, dedicated and trained staff are needed for the residents with attitudinal barriers.