bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification, characterization and functional analysis of gonadal long noncoding RNAs in a protogynous hermaphroditic teleost fish, the ricefield eel (Monopterus albus)
Authors: He Zhi , Ye Lijuan , Yang Deying , Ma Zhijun , Deng Faqiang , He Zhide , Hu Jiaxiang , Chen Hongjun , Zheng Li , Pu Yong , Jiao Yuanyuan , Chen Qiqi , Gao Kuo , Xiong Jinxin , Lai Bolin , Gu Xiaobin , Huang Xiaoli , Yang Shiyong , Zhang Mingwang , Yan Taiming 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
An increasing number of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found to play important roles in sex differentiation and gonad development by regulating gene expression at the epigenetic, transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. The ricefield eel, Monopterus albus, is a protogynous hermaphroditic fish that undergoes a sequential sex change from female to male. However, the roles of lncRNA in the sex change is unclear.

Results
Herein, we performed RNA sequencing to analyse lncRNA expression patterns in five different stages of M. albus development to investigate the roles of lncRNAs in the sex change process. A total of 12,746 lncRNAs (1503 known lncRNAs and 11,243 new lncRNAs) and 2901 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) were identified in the gonads. The target genes of the DE-lncRNAs included foxo1, foxm1, smad3, foxr1, camk4, ar and tgfb3, which were mainly enriched in signalling pathways related to gonadal development, such as the insulin signalling pathway, MAPK signalling pathway, and calcium signalling pathway. We selected 5 highly expressed DE-lncRNAs (LOC109952131, LOC109953466, LOC109954337, LOC109954360 and LOC109958454) for full length amplification and expression pattern verification. They were all expressed at higher levels in ovaries and intersex gonads than in testes, and exhibited specific time-dependent expression in ovarian tissue incubated with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). The results of quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis and a dual-luciferase assay showed that znf207, as the gene targeted by LOC109958454, was expressed in multiple tissues and gonadal developmental stages of M. albus, and its expression was also inhibited by the hormones FSH and hCG.

Conclusions
These results provide new insights into the role of lncRNAs in gonad development, especially regarding natural sex changes in fish, which will be useful for enhancing our understanding of sequential hermaphroditism and sex changes in the ricefield eel (M. albus) and other teleosts.
Transcriptional changes in the peripheral blood leukocytes from Brangus cattle before and after tick challenge with Rhipicephalus australis
Authors: Mantilla Valdivieso Emily F. , Ross Elizabeth M. , Raza Ali , Naseem Muhammad Noman , Kamran Muhammad , Hayes Ben J. , Jonsson Nicholas N. , James Peter , Tabor Ala E. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Disease emergence and production loss caused by cattle tick infestations have focused attention on genetic selection strategies to breed beef cattle with increased tick resistance. However, the mechanisms behind host responses to tick infestation have not been fully characterised. Hence, this study examined gene expression profiles of peripheral blood leukocytes from tick-naive Brangus steers (Bos taurus x Bos indicus) at 0, 3, and 12 weeks following artificial tick challenge experiments with Rhipicephalus australis larvae. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of tick infestation on host leukocyte response to explore genes associated with the expression of high and low host resistance to ticks.

Results
Animals with high (HR, n = 5) and low (LR, n = 5) host resistance were identified after repeated tick challenge. A total of 3644 unique differentially expressed genes (FDR < 0.05) were identified in the comparison of tick-exposed (both HR and LR) and tick-naive steers for the 3-week and 12-week infestation period. Enrichment analyses showed genes were involved in leukocyte chemotaxis, coagulation, and inflammatory response. The IL-17 signalling, and cytokine-cytokine interactions pathways appeared to be relevant in protection and immunopathology to tick challenge. Comparison of HR and LR phenotypes at timepoints of weeks 0, 3, and 12 showed there were 69, 8, and 4 differentially expressed genes, respectively. Most of these genes were related to immune, tissue remodelling, and angiogenesis functions, suggesting this is relevant in the development of resistance or susceptibility to tick challenge.

Conclusions
This study showed the effect of tick infestation on Brangus cattle with variable phenotypes of host resistance to R. australis ticks. Steers responded to infestation by expressing leukocyte genes related to chemotaxis, cytokine secretion, and inflammatory response. The altered expression of genes from the bovine MHC complex in highly resistant animals at pre- and post- infestation stages also supports the relevance of this genomic region for disease resilience. Overall, this study offers a resource of leukocyte gene expression data on matched tick-naive and tick-infested steers relevant for the improvement of tick resistance in composite cattle.
HLA-E restricted cytomegalovirus UL40 peptide polymorphism may represent a risk factor following congenital infection
Authors: Tarragó David , González Irene , González-Escribano Maria Francisca 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundCongenital cytomegalovirus immunopathogenesis is largely unknown and multifactorial due to the complex interactions between viral, maternal, placental, and child factors. Polymorphisms in the HLA-E binding UL4015-23peptide mimics HLA-E complexed peptides from certain HLA-A, -B, -C and -G alleles, which regulate the cellular immune response driven by natural killer-cells (NK) and CD8 + T cells. The aim of this study was to compare UL4015-23peptides distribution in congenital CMV and the counterpart HLA Class I peptides in a healthy cohort to investigate risk factors and markers for cCMV disease. In this 10-year retrospective study, theUL40 genewas directly sequenced from 242 clinical samples from 199 cases of congenital CMV (166 children and 33 pregnant or breast feeding women). Distribution of HLA-E binding UL4015-23peptides was analyzed and compared to those of HLA Class I observed in a cohort of 444 healthy individuals.ResultsNineteen different HLA-E binding UL4015-23peptides were found. Three of them (VMAPRTLIL, VMAPRTLLL, VMAPRTLVL) were found in 88.3% of UL40 and 100% of HLA Class I of healthy individuals. In contrast, 15 of them (10.7%) were not found in HLA Class I. The VMAPRTLFL peptide was found in 1% of UL40 and all HLA-G alleles. Significant differences in peptide (VMAPRTLIL, VMAPRTLLL, VMAPRTLVL, other UL4015-23peptides, other HLA Class I peptides) distribution between UL4015-23from congenital CMV and HLA-A, -B, -C and –G from healthy individuals were found.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that a mismatch between UL4015-23peptides and HLA Class I peptides between children and mothers might play a role in congenital CMV disease, and it may account for differences in outcome, morbidity and sequelae.
Characteristics and outcomes of unplanned intensive care unit admission after general anesthesia
Authors: Katori Nobuyuki , Yamakawa Kentaro , Yagi Kosuke , Kimura Yoshihiro , Doi Mayuko , Uezono Shoichi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Unplanned ICU admission after surgery has been validated as a measure of a quality indicator of perioperative management because it may put surgical patients at risk of increased morbidity and mortality. Postoperative unscheduled admission to the ICU is usually determined either in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) or in the general surgical ward; however, it could be expected patient outcomes after ICU admission would be affected by the circumstances. The purpose of this retrospective observational study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and the outcome of unplanned admission to the ICU directly from the PACU or from the ward within 7 days after PACU discharge.

Methods
Forty-three thousand, five hundred fifty-three patients admitted to the PACU after general anesthesia were included in the study. Unplanned ICU admission was defined as the admission which was not anticipated preoperatively but was due to adverse events in the PACU (PACU group) or the ward after discharge from the PACU (Ward group). The following parameters were compared between the groups: patient characteristics, surgical characteristics, length of ICU and hospital stay, the principal adverse event for ICU admission, treatments in the ICU, and in-hospital mortality. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality and the second was the length of ICU and hospital stay.

Results
Among 43,553 patients, 109 patients underwent unplanned ICU admission directly from the PACU (n= 73, 0.17%) or subsequently from the ward (n= 36, 0.08%). The length of both ICU and hospital stay was significantly longer in the Ward group than in the PACU group (1.4 and 19 days vs. 2.5 and 39 days, respectively). There was no significant difference in in-hospital mortality between the groups (4.1% vs. 8.3%, respectively).

Conclusions
The incidence of unplanned ICU admission after PACU stay was low, however, delayed admission to the ICU from the ward may prolong the length of both ICU and hospital stay compared to those directly from the PACU.
Association of body mass index with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction among ambulatory individuals with diabetes mellitus in rural Uganda: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Lumori Boniface Amanee Elias , Nuwagira Edwin , Abeya Fardous Charles , Araye Abdirahman Ali , Masette Godfrey , Mondo Charles K. , Okello Samson , Muzoora Conrad , Muyingo Anthony 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) is a recognized complication of diabetes mellitus that precedes and is a risk factor for heart failure. We aimed to determine the prevalence of LVDD and its association with body mass index in ambulatory adults with diabetes mellitus in rural Uganda.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study, over 5 months, to enroll 195 ambulatory Ugandan adults living with diabetes mellitus for at least five years at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital. We collected demographic, and clinical data and measured body mass index (BMI). Echocardiography was performed to determine LVDD by assessing the mitral inflow ventricular filling velocities (E/A and E/è ratios), tricuspid regurgitant jet peak velocity, and left atrium maximum volume index. We used logistic regression to estimate the odds ratio for the association of LVDD with BMI and evaluated the variation of associations by age and hypertension status.

Results
Of the 195 participants, 141 (72.31%) were female, the mean age was 62 [standard deviation, 11.50] years, and the median duration of diabetes diagnosis was 10 [interquartile range, 7, 15] years. Eighty-six percent (n = 168) had LVDD with the majority (n = 127, 65.1%) of participants in the grade 1 category of LVDD. In the adjusted model, the odds of LVDD for each 1 kg/m2 increase in BMI was 1.11 [95% confidence interval 1.00, 1.25, p = 0.04]. The adjusted odds of LVDD among individuals aged ≥ 50 years with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 was 13.82 times the odds of LVDD in individuals aged < 50 years with BMI < 25 kg/m2.

Conclusion
LVDD is prevalent and positively associated with BMI among ambulatory Ugandan adults living with diabetes mellitus for at least five years. The association was higher for older overweight/obese than younger individuals with normal weight. Future studies should focus on the effect of weight loss on LVDD as a possible target for the prevention of heart failure.
Fasting blood glucose-to-glycated hemoglobin ratio and all-cause mortality among Chinese in-hospital patients with acute stroke: a 12-month follow-up study
Authors: Cai Zhong-ming , Zhang Man-man , Feng Ren-qian , Zhou Xu-dong , Chen Hao-man , Liu Zhi-peng , Wu Yan-zhi , Lin Qun-li , Ye Sheng-lie , Liao Cheng-wei , Huang Xue-rong , Sun Le-qiu , Yang Bo , Zhu Bei-lei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Stroke is a leading cause of death and functional impairment in older people. To assess the prospective association between fasting blood glucose-to-glycated hemoglobin ratio and all-cause mortality and poor prognosis in stroke patients.

Methods
A total of 971 Chinese inpatients with acute stroke (mean age of 65.7) were consecutively enrolled in the prospective clinical study and followed up for 12 months after discharge. Stress hyperglycemia was measured using the ratio of fasting blood glucose (FBG, mmol/L)/glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c, %). The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, and secondary outcomes were poor prognosis defined as infectious complications, a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score ≥ 6, a Barthel Index score ≤ 60, or a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 3–6, presented as multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) across the quartiles of the FBG/HbA1c ratio.

Results
There were 35 (4.1%) all-cause deaths at 3 months and 85 (11.4%) at 12 months. The inpatients with the highest quartile of the FBG/HbA1c ratio had a higher risk of all-cause death at 3 months (adjusted OR: 5.16, 95% CI: 1.03–25.74) and at 12 months (adjusted OR: 2.59, 95% CI: 1.14–5.89)) and a higher risk of infectious complications (adjusted OR 2.37, 95% CI 1.27–4.43) and dysfunction (adjusted OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.06–3.01) during hospitalization than inpatients with the lowest quartile.

Conclusions
Stress hyperglycemia, measured by the FBG/HbA1c ratio, was associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes, including all-cause death, infectious complications, and dysfunction after stroke.
Efficacy and safety of caspofungin for patients with hepatic insufficiency
Authors: Ran Xiaoyun , Wang Pengfei , Zhang An , Tang Binfei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
To observe the changes of hepatic function and efficacy of conventional dosage of caspofungin in the treatment of patients with different Child–Pugh scores.

Methods
In total, 200 patients (Child–Pugh A group: 66 patients, Child–Pugh B group: 83 patients, Child–Pugh C group: 51 patients) treated with caspofungin from May 2018 to March 2021 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were enrolled. Main investigation items were as follows: sex, age, weight, duration of treatment, dosage, department, underlying diseases, risk factors for fungal infection, albumin, liver enzyme, total bilirubin, serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate. To investigate the changes of liver, kidney function tests and efficacy during the treatments of caspofungin. Patients were divided into three groups according to the duration of treatment of caspofungin:1-week group, 2-week group and 3-week group, respectively.

Results
In the three groups, albumin, liver enzyme levels, total bilirubin and serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate had no significant difference (P > 0.05). The efficacy of different Child–Pugh scores and different duration of treatment was also significantly different (P > 0.05).

Conclusions
Caspofungin is well tolerated and highly effective. And it will not exacerbate the hepatic and renal function when administered with the not-reducing dose, which indicate the clinical application value of caspofungin. Besides, extending the treatment duration has little effect on improving the efficacy of caspofungin. The drug should be withdrawn timely according to the patients’ clinical condition in order to reduce the adverse reactions and economic burden.
Maternal septicemia caused by Streptococcus mitis: a possible link between intra-amniotic infection and periodontitis. Case report and literature review
Authors: Chaemsaithong Piya , Lertrut Waranyu , Kamlungkuea Threebhorn , Santanirand Pitak , Singsaneh Arunee , Jaovisidha Adithep , Pakdeeto Sasikarn , Mongkolsuk Paninee , Pongchaikul Pisut 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundIntra-amniotic infection has a strong causal association with spontaneous preterm birth and preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM). The most common route of intra-amniotic infection is the ascending pathway in which microorganisms from the vagina gain access to the amniotic cavity. Distant microorganisms such as those from the oral cavity have been reported in intra-amniotic infection through hematogenous spreading.Case presentationA 31-year-old gravida 1, para 0 Thai woman at 33+6 weeks’ gestation presented with leakage of vaginal fluid and irregular uterine contraction. She developed fever at 4 h after admission and was later diagnosed with acute chorioamnionitis. A Cesarean section was performed to terminate pregnancy. In addition to a blood culture, the cultures of amniotic fluid, vaginal and chorioamniotic membrane swabs were positive forStreptococcus mitiswith identical susceptibility profiles. After the delivery and antibiotic prescription, oral examination showed dental caries and chronic periodontitis.ConclusionsThis is the first case report demonstrating maternal septicemia and intra-amniotic infection caused byS. mitiswhich might be attributed to periodontitis in women presenting with preterm PROM. We highlighted the association of periodontal disease and preterm labor/PROM syndrome. Oral cavity examination should be included in the prenatal care to ensure good dental hygiene.
Facilitators and barriers to point-of-care testing for sexually transmitted infections in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review
Authors: Martin Kevin , Wenlock Rhys , Roper Tom , Butler Ceri , Vera Jaime H. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are predominantly managed by syndromic management. However, most STIs are asymptomatic. These untreated STIs cause individual morbidity, and lead to high STI prevalences.
There is increasing interest in the use of point-of-care tests (POCTs) for STIs in LMICs, which could facilitate same day testing and treatment. To best utilise these tests, we must understand the facilitators and barriers to their implementation. The aim of this review is to explore how point-of-care testing for STIs has been implemented into healthcare systems in LMIC and the facilitators and barriers to doing so.

Methods
A scoping review was conducted by searching MEDLINE, Embase, Emcare, CINAHL, Scopus, LILACS, the Cochrane Library, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses for studies published between 1st January 1998 and 5th June 2020. Abstracts and full articles were screened independently by two reviewers. Studies were considered for inclusion if they assessed the acceptability, feasibility, facilitators, or barriers to implementation of point-of-care testing for chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis or syphilis in LMICs. Thematic analysis was used to analyse and present the facilitators and barriers to point-of-care STI testing.

Results
The literature search revealed 82 articles suitable for inclusion; 44 (53.7%) from sub-Saharan Africa; 21 (25.6%) from Latin American and the Caribbean; 10 (12.2%) from East Asia and the Pacific; 6 (7.3%) from South Asia; and one (1.2%) multi-regional study. Thematic analysis revealed seven overarching themes related to the implementation of POCTs in LMICs, namely (i) Ideal test characteristics, (ii) Client factors, (iii) Healthcare provision factors, (iv) Policy, infrastructure and health system factors, (v) Training, audit, and feedback, (vi) Reaching new testing environments, and (vii) Dual testing.

Conclusion
Implementation of POCTs in LMICs is complex, with many of the barriers due to wider health system weakness. In addition to pressing for broader structural change to facilitate basic healthcare delivery, these themes may also be used as a basis on which to develop future interventions. The literature was heavily skewed towards syphilis testing, and so more research needs to be conducted assessing chlamydia, gonorrhoea, and trichomoniasis testing, as well as home or self-testing.
A randomized controlled trial for evaluating pain response in patients with spinal metastases following local versus whole vertebral radiotherapy: study protocol for phase II clinical trial
Authors: Yuan Li , Geng Lidan , Wu Danfeng , Dai Tangzhi , Feng Gang , Du Xiaobo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Patients with bone metastasis often experience severe pain that is difficult to control and seriously affects quality of life. Radiotherapy is an effective way to relieve pain in these patients. Currently, there is no standard recommended range of radiotherapy targets for vertebral metastasis. The effect of radiotherapy on pain relief varies among patients, and some patients with metastases have serious side effects.

Methods
This study aims to verify whether reducing the radiotherapy range for vertebral metastases can achieve the same effect as whole vertebral radiotherapy while minimizing side effects. Sixty-six patients with pain caused by vertebral metastasis were randomly divided into two groups. The study group is receiving partial vertebrae body radiotherapy at the regions of abnormal signal, suspected invasion, and adjacent subclinical focus of vertebral metastasis, and the control group is receiving the same dose of radiotherapy on whole vertebrae body where metastasis occurred. After radiotherapy, along-term follow-up of patients will determine pain relief and side effects.

Discussion
The expected results of this study are that local irradiation of vertebral metastases can achieve a palliative effect of pain control not less than total vertebral irradiation with fewer side effects.

Trial registration
This study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (No: ChiCTR1900023401).