bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment patterns in fibromyalgia including the use of opioids
Authors: Valladales‐Restrepo Luis F. , Oyuela‐Gutiérrez María C. , Alzate‐García Mariana , Osorio‐Rodas Isabella , Quintero‐Flórez Valentina , Restrepo‐Muñoz Juan F. , Suárez‐Cardona Julián A. , Barroso‐Fernandes Sergio T. , Machado‐Alba Jorge E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveOpioids (except for tramadol) have not been shown to be effective in patients with fibromyalgia, but they can increase the risk of adverse drug reactions. The aim was to determine the treatment patterns of a group of patients with fibromyalgia and to identify the factors associated with the use of opioids in Colombia.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study of a group of patients with fibromyalgia from a pain clinic in Colombia. Sociodemographic, clinical and pharmacological variables were identified. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed.ResultsA total of 559 patients were analysed, 88.6% of whom were women, and the mean age was 53.4 ± 12.6 years. A total of 40.6% received nonpharmacological management, and the majority were treated with acetaminophen (96.1%) and pregabalin (62.8%). A total of 69.6% received opioids, the most common of which was hydrocodone (36.3%). The average morphine equivalent milligrammes was 36.9 ± 91.2 (range: 2.3–750 mg), and 43.8% had intermediate/high doses. Being male (OR: 3.12; 95% CI: 1.40–6.91), having arterial hypertension (OR: 1.67; 95% CI: 1.04–2.69), obesity (OR: 2.23; 95% CI: 1.18–4.24), degenerative disease of vertebral discs (OR: 2.32; 95% CI: 1.10–4.88) and comedication with gabapentinoids (OR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1,15–2.65) were associated with a higher probability of receiving opioids, while patients treated with muscle relaxants had a lower risk of opioid treatment (OR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.41–0.98).ConclusionsA significant proportion of patients were treated with opioids, the most common of which was hydrocodone, which goes against the recommendations of clinical practice guidelines.
An unconditionally stable explicit finite element algorithm for coupled hydromechanical problems of soil mechanics in pseudo‐static conditions
Authors: Monforte Lluís , Carbonell Josep Maria , Arroyo Marcos , Gens Antonio 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this article, we present a novel explicit time‐integration algorithm for the coupled hydromechanical soil mechanics problems in a pseudo‐static regime. After introducing the finite element discretization, the semidiscrete ordinary system of equations is integrated explicitly in time with the Runge–Kutta method. It is noted that this formulation is conditionally stable in time. By introducing a stabilization technique, the Polynomial Pressure Projection, and selecting appropriately the stabilization parameter, the formulation becomes unconditionally stable. To illustrate the performance of the method several numerical analysis are reported, considering both elastic and elasto‐plastic soil behavior.
PGT‐A: The biology and hidden failures of randomized control trials
Authors: Wang Li , Wang Xiaohong , Li Min , Liu Yun , Ou Xianghong , Chen Lei , Shao Xiaoguang , Quan Song , Duan Jinliang , He Wei , Shen Huan , Sun Ling , Yu Yuexin , Cram David S. , Leigh Donald , Yao Yuanqing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivePreimplantation Genetic Testing ‐ Aneuploidy (PGT‐A) for embryo selection has undergone significant advancements in the last 2 decades and yet many studies still fail to demonstrate any clinical benefits over traditional embryo morphology selection (Mo‐S). To understand this conundrum, we performed a multi‐center clinical study of PGT‐A patients, where Mo‐S and euploid selection (Eu‐S) outcomes were directly compared.MethodAll suitable blastocysts were biopsied and analyzed for chromosome copy number. Outcomes (positive beta hCG, implantation, ongoing pregnancy, and live birth rates) for Eu‐S were compared to Mo‐S using single embryo transfers.ResultsCompared to Eu‐S embryos, Mo‐S embryos resulted in significant reduction of outcomes for positive beta hCG (p = 0.0005), implantation (p = 0.0008), ongoing pregnancy (p = 0.0046), livebirth (p = 0.0112), babies per transfer (p = 0.0112), and babies per embryo transferred (p = 0.0112). Morphology selection resulted in patients of all age groups having non‐euploid embryos chosen for transfer. Post‐hoc evaluation of individual clinic performances showed variable transfer outcomes that could potentially confound the true benefits of PGT‐A.ConclusionEmbryo chromosome status is central to improved embryo transfer outcomes and sole reliance on current morphology‐based selection practices, without Eu‐S, will always compromise outcomes. Often overlooked but a major effector of successful PGT‐A outcomes are individual clinic performances.
Effect of the reduced graphene oxide on the tribological behavior of UHMWPE/rGO nanocomposites under sliding contact conditions
Authors: Soares Pedro Henrique Vilela , de Oliveira Poliane N. , Viáfara Cristian C. , Silva Glaura G. , Amurin Leice Gonçalves , da Silva Aline Bruna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this work, the effect of the addition of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanofillers to UHMWPE was investigated. The UHMWPE/rGO nanocomposites were prepared at rGO contents of 0.010, 0.10, 0.25, and 0.50 wt%. The morphological, mechanical, and surface properties of the nanocomposites and the neat UHMWPE were evaluated and related with their tribological behavior. For that, DSC, SEM, contact angle, MO, and profilometry techniques, besides shore D hardness tests, instrumented indentation tests and pin‐on‐disc sliding wear tests were performed. The results showed that nanocomposites with rGO contents of 0.10 and 0.25 wt% exhibited higher crystallinity degree than the neat UHMWPE, which improved significantly their mechanical and tribological behavior through increases of around 40% in the instrumented hardness and the elastic modulus, and a significant reduction of up to 48% in the coefficient of friction when compared to the neat UHMWPE. Additionally, the presence of rGO decreased the work of adhesion of the nanocomposites/counterface pairs, resulting in friction and wear mechanisms changes in comparison with the neat polymer.
Psychological distress, understanding of cancer and illness uncertainty in patients with Cancer of Unknown Primary
Authors: Wolyniec Kamil , Sharp Jessica , Fisher Krista , Tothill Richard W. , Bowtell David , Mileshkin Linda , Schofield Penelope 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivePatients diagnosed with Cancer of Unknown Primary (CUP) experience high levels of psychological distress and report poor understanding of their cancer. We aimed to investigate: (1) if CUP patients with poorer understanding of their cancer diagnosis and testing experience more symptoms of psychological distress than those with better understanding; (2) if the relationship between patients' understanding of their cancer and psychological distress is mediated by illness uncertainty; and (3) explore whether patients' degree of understanding of their cancer can be predicted by clinical and socio‐demographic factors.Methods209 CUP patients completed a questionnaire measuring anxiety, depression, illness uncertainty, fatigue, pain, sleep and understanding of their cancer. Using an apriori theoretical framework, we employed structural equation modelling to investigate predictors of patient's understanding of their cancer and psychological distress and the relationships between understanding, illness uncertainty and distress.ResultsThe structural equation model displayed good fit indices and supported the hypothesised relationship of patient's understanding of their cancer and the extent of psychological distress, which was mediated via illness uncertainty. Physical symptoms were positively associated with psychological distress and illness uncertainty. Younger age was predictive of lower patient's understanding of their cancer and higher levels of psychological distress.ConclusionsPatients with CUP, particularly those who are younger and experiencing more physical symptoms, report higher levels of psychological distress and may require additional mental health support. Our findings highlight a need to improve CUP patient's understanding about their illness, which could help reduce their illness uncertainty and alleviate psychological distress.
Modified mortar for wireless powered lighting systems
Authors: Seixas Esteves David , da Fernandes Silva João Manuel , Diniz Fonseca Joana , Poças Gonçalves José Joaquim , da Cerqueira Silva Filipe , de Jesus Sequeira Serra Nunes Ângela Maria , Aires Vermelhudo Vitor Manuel , Matos Ferreira Tavares Correia Diana Lara , Monteiro Serafim João Pedro 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA lighting system embedded in a mortar structure powered by an inductive system is described. Different additives with high magnetic permeability were tested to increase power transference efficiency. The best results were obtained using natural magnetite, therefore the impact of different natural magnetite concentrations on the mortar mechanical and electromagnetic properties was investigated. The best results were achieved for samples with 75 wt.% of magnetite. With this composition, three proofs‐of‐concept were fabricated to show the potential of the technology.
Assessing the implicit bias research program: Comments on Brownstein, Gawronski, and Madva versus Machery
Authors: Spaulding Shannon 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMichael Brownstein, Alex Madva, and Bertram Gawronski articulate a careful defense of research on implicit bias. They argue that though there is room for improvement in various areas, when we set the bar appropriately and when we are comparing relevant events, the test–retest stability and predictive ability of implicit bias measures are respectable. Edouard Machery disagrees. He argues that theories of implicit bias have failed to answer four fundamental questions about measures of implicit bias, and this undermines their utility in further scientific research and policy making. In this article, I offer my perspective on this important debate. I argue that there is a theoretical mismatch in debating the merits of a research program on the terms of a specific theory within the research program. Nevertheless, the discussion allows us to see which questions are answered from within the perspective of a particular theory. I argue that the emphasis should be on whether implicit bias theories predict novel facts.This article is categorized under:Psychology > Theory and MethodsPhilosophy > Psychological Capacities
Epidemiological challenges in pandemic coronavirus disease (COVID‐19): Role of artificial intelligence
Authors: Dasgupta Abhijit , Bakshi Abhisek , Mukherjee Srijani , Das Kuntal , Talukdar Soumyajeet , Chatterjee Pratyayee , Mondal Sagnik , Das Puspita , Ghosh Subhrojit , Som Archisman , Roy Pritha , Kundu Rima , Sarkar Akash , Biswas Arnab , Paul Karnelia , Basak Sujit , Manna Krishnendu , Saha Chinmay , Mukhopadhyay Satinath , Bhattacharyya Nitai P. , De Rajat K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWorld is now experiencing a major health calamity due to the coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus clade 2. The foremost challenge facing the scientific community is to explore the growth and transmission capability of the virus. Use of artificial intelligence (AI), such as deep learning, in (i) rapid disease detection from x‐ray or computed tomography (CT) or high‐resolution CT (HRCT) images, (ii) accurate prediction of the epidemic patterns and their saturation throughout the globe, (iii) forecasting the disease and psychological impact on the population from social networking data, and (iv) prediction of drug–protein interactions for repurposing the drugs, has attracted much attention. In the present study, we describe the role of various AI‐based technologies for rapid and efficient detection from CT images complementing quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and immunodiagnostic assays. AI‐based technologies to anticipate the current pandemic pattern, prevent the spread of disease, and face mask detection are also discussed. We inspect how the virus transmits depending on different factors. We investigate the deep learning technique to assess the affinity of the most probable drugs to treat COVID‐19.This article is categorized under:Application Areas > Health CareAlgorithmic Development > Biological Data MiningTechnologies > Machine Learning
The future of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Heinzel Frank R. , Shah Sanjiv J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHeart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a multi-organ, systemic syndrome that involves multiple cardiac and extracardiac pathophysiologic abnormalities. Because HFpEF is a heterogeneous syndrome and resistant to a “one-size-fits-all” approach it has proven to be very difficult to treat. For this reason, several research groups have been working on methods for classifying HFpEF and testing targeted therapeutics for the HFpEF subtypes identified. Apart from conventional classification strategies based on comorbidity, etiology, left ventricular remodeling, and hemodynamic subtypes, researchers have been combining deep phenotyping with innovative analytical strategies (e.g., machine learning) to classify HFpEF into therapeutically homogeneous subtypes over the past few years. Despite the growing excitement for such approaches, there are several potential pitfalls to their use, and there is a pressing need to follow up on data-driven HFpEF subtypes in order to determine their underlying mechanisms and molecular basis. Here we provide a framework for understanding the phenotype-based approach to HFpEF by reviewing (1) the historical context of HFpEF; (2) the current HFpEF paradigm of comorbidity-induced inflammation and endothelial dysfunction; (3) various methods of sub-phenotyping HFpEF; (4) comorbidity-based classification and treatment of HFpEF; (5) machine learning approaches to classifying HFpEF; (6) examples from HFpEF clinical trials; and (7) the future of phenomapping (machine learning and other advanced analytics) for the classification of HFpEF.
Ambulant vor stationär? – Versorgungswirklichkeit und ökonomische Analyse von kleinen urologischen Eingriffen in Deutschland von 2013 bis 2018
Authors: Leuchtweis Isabel , Groeben Christer , Flegar Luka , Zacharis Aristeidis , Baunacke Martin , Thomas Christian , Schmidt Marcel , Schneider Andreas , Schultz-Lampel Daniela , Volkmer Björn , Eisenmenger Nicole , Salem Johannes , Huber Johannes 
Published: June 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Fragestellung
Obwohl eine ambulante Leistungserbringung ökonomisch erstrebenswert ist, erfolgen viele kleine urologische Eingriffe in Deutschland aktuell noch stationär. Ziel unserer Analyse ist zu prüfen, ob der aktuelle gesundheitspolitische Rahmen zu einer Ambulantisierung beiträgt.

Material und Methode
Datenbasis ist eine nach Alter und Regionen repräsentative Stichprobe von 4,9 Mio. Versichertenanonymen aus der Forschungsdatenbank des Instituts für angewandte Gesundheitsforschung GmbH (InGef). Wir berichten Hochrechnungen für die Anzahl ambulanter und stationärer Leistungen in ganz Deutschland zwischen 2013 und 2018. Ergänzend führen wir eine ökonomische Analyse für zwei ausgewählte Eingriffe durch.

Ergebnisse
Im Studienzeitraum fiel die Gesamtzahl der Prostatastanzbiopsien (Prostatabiopsien) von 184.573 auf 174.558. Der Anteil ambulanter Biopsien fiel kontinuierlich um 0,9 % pro Jahr von 81 % auf 76 % (p < 0,001). Bei der Injektion von Botulinumtoxin in die Blase (Botox-Injektion) stieg die Gesamtzahl von 15.630 auf 26.824. Der ambulant durchgeführte Anteil stieg dabei um 2,7 % pro Jahr von 3 % auf 19 % (p = 0,01). Für die übrigen untersuchten Eingriffe (Anlage suprapubischer Blasenkatheter, das Einlegen, Entfernen und Wechseln von Ureterschienen, Zystoskopien und die Harnröhrenbougierung) zeigten sich keine signifikanten Veränderungen beim Anteil der ambulanten Leistungserbringung.

Schlussfolgerung
Die deutliche Zunahme ambulant erbrachter Botox-Injektionen zeigt den erfolgreichen Steuerungseffekt durch angepasste Vergütungsoptionen. Bei den Prostatabiopsien konnte eine Verschiebung in den stationären Sektor beobachtet werden. Möglicherweise ist dies auf höhere hygienische Standards sowie gestiegene technische Anforderungen im Rahmen der MRT-Fusion zurückzuführen.
Systematic review about complementary medical hyperthermia in oncology
Authors: Liebl Christina Maria , Kutschan Sabine , Dörfler Jennifer , Käsmann Lukas , Hübner Jutta 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHyperthermia is a generic term for different techniques using heat in cancer therapies. Temperatures of about 42° Celsius in combination with chemo- or radiotherapy may improve the effectiveness of those treatments. Clinical benefit is shown in “standard hyperthermia” with tumour temperatures assessed during treatment. This systematic review thoroughly assesses the state of evidence concerning the benefits and side effects of electro hyperthermia or whole-body hyperthermia (“alternative hyperthermia”) in oncology. From 26 April 2021 to 09 May 2021, a systematic search was conducted searching five electronic databases (Embase, Cochrane, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Medline) to find studies concerning the use, effectiveness and potential harm of alternative medical hyperthermia therapy on cancer patients. From all 47,388 search results, 53 publications concerning 53 studies with 2006 patients were included in this systematic review. The patients were diagnosed with different types of cancer. The hyperthermic methods included whole-body hyperthermia (WBH) with different methods and electro hyperthermia (EH). The majority of the included studies were single-arm studies, counting in total 32 studies. Six studies were randomized controlled trials (RCT). In addition, one systematic review (SR) was found. The most critical endpoints were tumour response, survival data, pain relief, myelosuppression and toxicities. Outcome was heterogeneous, and considering the methodological limitations, clinical evidence for the benefit of alternative hyperthermia in cancer patients is lacking. Neither for whole-body hyperthermia nor for electro hyperthermia there is any evidence with respect to improvement of survival or quality of life in cancer patients.
The Influence of Stigma and Trust in Young People Seeking Support for Their Own or a Friend’s Symptoms: The Role of Threat Appraisals
Authors: Pimenta Sofia M. , Hunter Simon C. , Rasmussen Susan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Stigma and trust influence how adolescents seek support for mental illness, though it is unclear how these influence their decisions to approach a range of potential sources of support. Moreover, even less is known about the ways in which these issues are related when a friend discloses symptoms of mental illness.

Objective
The study’s aims were to understand the role of stigma, trust, and threat appraisals in adolescents’ support seeking when exposed to their own, or to a friend’s, symptoms of mental illness.

Method
A vignette-based study comparing reports of support (friends, parents, teachers, professionals, and online) was completed with reference to either (i) experiencing symptoms of mental illness or (ii) having a friend disclose these types of symptoms. Two hundred and fifty adolescents (M = 12.75 years) answered questions pertaining to stigma (public and self), trust levels, threat appraisals, and support seeking.

Results
When dealing with their own symptoms, threat accounted for 4.8 and 2.5% of the variance when seeking support from parents and professionals, respectively. Self-stigma accounted for 2.4% of variance when seeking support from parents and 0.8% of variance when seeking support from professionals. Trust moderated the association between threat and the use of online support. When responding to a friend’s disclosure, higher levels of public-stigma were associated with lower support seeking from friends, parents, and professionals.

Conclusions
This study showed a distinction in how adolescents deal with their own or a friend’s symptoms of mental illness, and what resources they choose to ask for support from. Self-stigma, threat, and trust levels were particularly relevant when experiencing their own symptoms, while dealing with a friend’s disclosure was related to levels of public-stigma.
MultiRocket: multiple pooling operators and transformations for fast and effective time series classification
Authors: Tan Chang Wei , Dempster Angus , Bergmeir Christoph , Webb Geoffrey I. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe propose MultiRocket, a fast time series classification (TSC) algorithm that achieves state-of-the-art accuracy with a tiny fraction of the time and without the complex ensembling structure of many state-of-the-art methods. MultiRocket improves on MiniRocket, one of the fastest TSC algorithms to date, by adding multiple pooling operators and transformations to improve the diversity of the features generated. In addition to processing the raw input series, MultiRocket also applies first order differences to transform the original series. Convolutions are applied to both representations, and four pooling operators are applied to the convolution outputs. When benchmarked using the University of California Riverside TSC benchmark datasets, MultiRocket is significantly more accurate than MiniRocket, and competitive with the best ranked current method in terms of accuracy, HIVE-COTE 2.0, while being orders of magnitude faster.
The effect of the tracking technology on students’ perceptions of their continuing intention to use a learning management system
Authors: Al-Shaikhli Dhuha 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis research examines the effect of having a tracking technology in a learning management system (LMS) that reports the effect of perceiving other students’ interactions on a learner’s intention to keep using LMS in the future. The main underlying theory is herd behaviour theory which argues that crowd behaviour affects the perceptions of the observers. In this paper, we proposed and found that tracking technology will affect a learner’s perceptions of cognitive absorption and that perception of self-regulation from using an LMS. These perceptions are found to influence the learner’s intention to keep using the LMS in the future positively. This research developed a new tracking technology in response to weaknesses noted in the literature and validated by interviewing teachers. Its effects were tested on 151 university students taking a computer science module. This research contributes to knowledge by integrating herd behaviour theory into the design of LMS and offers a new perspective on learners’ interactions with educational technologies.