bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dementia and the aging population: cognitive screening within correctional health
Authors: Washington Lance 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the literature surrounding dementia in the aging correctional population and assess the role of cognitive screening related to dementia detection within corrections. The literature regarding the role of dementia within the justice continuum is scant. Furthermore, correctional health researchers have not reached a consensus on the best age to administer cognitive screening in older persons or prioritizes a screening tool for the early detection of dementia.

Design/methodology/approach
A key search term list including dementia screening and was developed to review the literature surrounding dementia and the aging correctional population. PubMed, Criminal Justice Abstracts (Ebsco) and the National Criminal Justice Reference Service were used within the academic search. A gray literature search using these same search terms was conducted reviewing criminal justice federal agencies and organizations for additional information on the dementia experience within correctional settings. Snowballing was used to capture relevant theoretical and empirical knowledge.

Findings
Shortages in aging specialized health-care staffing presents a barrier for the clinical interpretation of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) results. Correctional officers are also identified as useful candidates within the administration of cognitive screening with proper training. The MoCA may be the optimal cognitive screening tool for dementia, until an original cognitive screening tool is created specific to the correctional population. An age of 55 years or older may serve as the best cutoff score for classifying incarcerated individuals as older persons, and screening should be prioritized for these individuals. Finally, new specialized programs related to dementia within correctional settings are identified.

Research limitations/implications
A limitation of this research is the conflicting opinions among researchers regarding the use of general cognitive screening tools within the correctional setting.

Originality/value
This research can inform correctional organizational policy and practices regarding the screening of older persons suspected of dementia. Most notably, this research proposes that correctional settings should incorporate the MoCA within initial screening of all individuals 55 years of age or older, enriching the job design of correctional officer's job positions to include cognitive testing, and for correctional settings to provide dementia and age-associated training for correctional officers. Finally, this paper informs future research in the development of a cognitive assessment tool specific to the correctional population.
Time is of the essence: a systematic literature review of temporality in information systems development research
Authors: O'Connor Mairead , Conboy Kieran , Dennehy Denis 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify, classify and analyse temporality in information systems development (ISD) literature.Design/methodology/approachThe authors address the temporality and ISD research gap by using a framework – which classifies time into three categories: conceptions of time, mapping activities to time and actors relating to time. The authors conduct a systematic literature review which investigates time in ISD within the Senior Scholars' Basket, Information Technology & People (IT&P), and top two information systems conferences over the past 20 years. The search strategy resulted in 9,850 studies of which 47 were identified as primary papers.FindingsThe results reveal that ISD research is ill equipped for contemporary thinking around time. This systematic literature review (SLR) contributes to ISD by finding the following gaps in the literature: (1) clock time is dominant and all other types of time are under-researched; (2) contributions to mapping activities to time is lacking and existing studies focus on single ISD projects rather multiple complex ISD projects; (3) research on actors relating to time is lacking; (4) existing ISD studies which contribute to temporal characteristics are fragmented and lack integration with other categories of time and (5) ISD methodology papers lack contributions to temporal characteristics and fail to acknowledge and contribute to time as a multifaceted interrelated concept.Originality/valueThis work has developed the first SLR on temporality in ISD. This study provides a starting point for ISD researchers and ISD practitioners to test commonly held temporal assumptions of ISD researchers and practitioners.
The first stage of an exploratory study into the UK fire and rescue services working with children and young people who set fires
Authors: Foster Joanna 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to outline the first stages of an exploratory study into how the UK fire and rescue services (FRSs) identify those children and young people who require psychosocial interventions to address their firesetting behaviour.

Design/methodology/approach
A purposive sample (N = 53) representing all the UK FRSs was recruited. Participants completed an online survey to establish the type of firesetting intervention provided, if any; the training and policies available to staff who identify those clients requiring psychosocial interventions and what influences this decision-making.

Findings
Decision-making on how to identify clients requiring psychosocial interventions was dominated by professional judgement informed by practitioner training and experience alone, which is subject to human error and bias. Some staff undertaking this risk-critical work have no access to training and/or written guidance to assist their decision-making. Nearly 30% of participants (N = 14) deemed national firesetting policy as not useful in identifying the type of firesetting intervention needed. The development of a risk assessment tool, training and national written guidance were considered the three main ways staff could be helped in identifying those clients requiring psychosocial interventions.

Practical implications
The implications are as follows: the development of a risk assessment tool for fire and rescue service staff working with children and young people who set fires, a requirement for all fire and rescue staff working with children and young people who set fires to receive mandatory training in this specialist field of work, all FRSs to offer firesetting intervention services to children and young people, all FRSs to have written firesetting policies that assist staff in their identification of firesetting risk and national firesetting guidance for FRSs that assists staff in their identification of firesetting risk and the tenets of defensible decision-making.

Originality/value
To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study to look at how the UK FRSs identify those children and young people requiring psychosocial interventions to address their firesetting behaviour. The 100% completion rate to the online survey suggests the findings are generalisable across all the UK FRSs, providing the FRS professional body with an opportunity to instigate the changes their frontline practitioners and managers have identified.
Early Financial Education, Financial Literacy, and Gender Equity in Finance*
Authors: Bae Kyounghun , Jang Ga‐Young , Kang Hyoung‐Goo , Tan Pearleen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study investigates how to promote gender equity in finance through early financial education using survey responses gathered in Singapore. The empirical tests for the effect of financial education on financial literacy suggest that women who receive early financial education better understand the compounding effect of interest rates on loans, portfolio diversification, and mortgage payments. The impact of early financial education on financial behavior is also evident in women's increased participation in the stock market, insurance activities, and savings habits. The implications can be used to guide policymakers charged with promoting gender equity through early financial education.
Pair-Switching Rerandomization
Authors: Zhu Ke , Liu Hanzhong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Rerandomization discards assignments with covariates unbalanced in the treatment and control groups to improve estimation and inference efficiency. However, the acceptance-rejection sampling method used in rerandomization is computationally inefficient. As a result, it is time-consuming for rerandomization to draw numerous independent assignments, which are necessary for performing Fisher randomization tests and constructing randomization-based confidence intervals. To address this problem, we propose a pair-switching rerandomization (PSRR) method to draw balanced assignments efficiently. We obtain the unbiasedness and variance reduction of the difference-in-means estimator and show that the Fisher randomization tests are valid under PSRR. Moreover, we propose an exact approach to invert Fisher randomization tests to confidence intervals, which is faster than the existing methods. In addition, our method is applicable to both nonsequentially and sequentially randomized experiments. We conduct comprehensive simulation studies to compare the finite-sample performance of the proposed method with that of classical rerandomization. Simulation results indicate that PSRR leads to comparable power of Fisher randomization tests and is 3–23 times faster than classical rerandomization. Finally, we apply the PSRR method to analyze two clinical trial datasets, both of which demonstrate the advantages of our method.
Population demography maintains biogeographic boundaries
Authors: Schmidt Chloé , Muñoz Gabriel , Lancaster Lesley T. , Lessard Jean‐Philippe , Marske Katharine A. , Marshall Katie E. , Garroway Colin J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGlobal biodiversity is organised into biogeographic regions that comprise distinct biotas. The contemporary factors maintaining differences in species composition between regions are poorly understood. Given evidence that populations with sufficient genetic variation can adapt to fill new habitats, it is surprising that more homogenisation of species assemblages across regions has not occurred. Theory suggests that expansion across biogeographic regions could be limited by reduced adaptive capacity due to demographic variation along environmental gradients, but this possibility has not been empirically explored. Using three independently curated data sets describing continental patterns of mammalian demography and population genetics, we show that populations near biogeographic boundaries have lower effective population sizes and genetic diversity, and are more genetically differentiated. These patterns are consistent with reduced adaptive capacity in areas where one biogeographic region transitions into the next. That these patterns are replicated across mammals suggests they are stable and generalisable in their contribution to long‐term limits on biodiversity homogenisation. Understanding the contemporary processes that maintain compositional differences among regional biotas is crucial for our understanding of the current and future organisation of global biodiversity.
Statistical analysis based reactive power optimization using improved differential evolutionary algorithm
Authors: Kumar Lalit , Kar Manoj Kumar , Kumar Sanjay 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study presents a novel improved differential evolutionary (IDE) algorithm for optimizing reactive power management (RPM) problems. The effectiveness of IDE algorithm is tested on different unimodal and multimodal benchmark functions. The objective function of the RPM is considered as the minimization of active power losses. Initially, the power flow analysis approach is employed to detect the optimal position of flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices. The proposed method is used to determine the optimal value of control variables such as generator's reactive power generation, transformer tap settings, and reactive power sources. Furthermore, the efficacy of the IDE approach is compared with other promising optimization methods such as variants of differential evolution algorithm, moth flame optimization (MFO), brainstorm‐based optimization algorithm (BSOA), and particle swarm optimization (PSO) on various IEEE standard test bus (i.e., IEEE‐30, ‐57, ‐118, and ‐300) systems with active and reactive loading incorporating FACTS devices. A Static VAR compensator (SVC) for shunt compensation and a thyristor‐controlled series compensator (TCSC) for series compensation were used as FACTS devices. The proposed IDE method significantly reduces the active power loss, that is, 55.65% in IEEE 30, 39.68% in IEEE 57, 16.32% in IEEE 118, and 8.56% in IEEE 300 bus system at nominal loading. Finally, the statistical analysis such as Wilcoxon signed‐rank test (WSRT) and ANOVA test were thoroughly analysed to demonstrate the firmness and accuracy of the proposed technique.
Histological features of Clostridioides difficile colitis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Sweeney Jacob R. , Crawford Carl V. , Yantiss Rhonda K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsPatients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk for Clostridioides difficile infection, although clinically important infections can be difficult to recognise. C. difficile infection does not produce pseudomembranes when it occurs in IBD patients. These individuals may also be colonised by the organism, in which case diarrhoeal symptoms are not necessarily attributed to C. difficile. We performed this study to determine whether any features distinguished C. difficile‐associated colitis from an IBD flare.Methods and resultsWe reviewed the clinical, endoscopic and biopsy findings from 50 patients with established IBD and worsening diarrhoea, including 22 with concurrent positive C. difficile stool toxin polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and 28 with negative C. difficile assay results. We found that C. difficile‐infected patients had symptoms and endoscopic findings that were indistinguishable from active IBD. Although most biopsy samples from patients with C. difficile infection showed chronic active colitis indistinguishable from IBD, some displayed neutrophilic infiltrates unaccompanied by plasma cell‐rich inflammation involving superficial (41%) and crypt (18%) epithelium as well as neutrophilic infiltrates within lamina propria distant from foci of cryptitis (32%). All three of these features were significantly more common among infected than uninfected patients (4, 0 and 4%; P = 0.002, P = 0.03 and P = 0.02, respectively).ConclusionsAlthough colonic biopsies from IBD patients with C. difficile infection usually lack features that aid distinction from colitic flares, some cases show an acute colitis pattern not seen in IBD alone. When identified in biopsies from symptomatic IBD patients, these changes should alert pathologists to the possibility of this clinically important infection.
Characterization and growth mechanisms of adhesion‐induced microcavities during debonding of softened glass
Authors: Zhou Jian , Xu Hongkun , Zhu Chenyu , Li Lihua , Ng Man Cheung , Liu Kun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe glass/mold interaction is crucial for controlling the surface quality of high‐precision glass products and elongating the lifespan of precious molds in hot forming techniques. Here we employ the probe tack test to separate a typical glass molding interface composed of N‐BK7 glass and tungsten carbide molds at different temperatures from 655 to 690°C. The macroscale debonding behavior translates from interfacial fracture to cohesive bulk deformation as temperature increases. The glass surfaces after debonding are covered by numerous randomly distributed cavities in micrometer. With temperature increasing, the maximum depth of microcavities greatly increases from less than 0.5 to over 10 μm; the area fraction overall increases and reaches 15% at maximum. These microcavities could result from the development of localized deformation at the gas‐trapping spots, due to the separation of the adhesive glass/mold interface. A large‐sized cavity evolves from the cyclic growth and coalescence of small cavities. For the interfacial fracture cases, cavities mainly propagate as cracks along the interface, and thus develop into shallow disc‐like shapes. However, for the cohesive cases, cavities prefer to grow in the bulk. The growth bifurcation could be governed by the competition between strain energy release rate and viscoelastic complex modulus.
Applying gelatine:chitosan film loaded with nanoemulsified garlic essential oil/α‐tocopherol as active packaging of sliced Omega‐3‐rich mortadella
Authors: Pérez‐Córdoba Luis J. , Pinheiro Ana C. , de Núñez de Villavicencio‐Ferrer Margarita , Trindade Marco A. , Sobral Paulo J. A. 
Published: June 2022

SummaryThe effect of using gelatine:chitosan (G:Ch) based films as carriers of nanoemulsified garlic essential oil/α‐tocopherol (0.4% v/v) on the shelf‐life and sensory acceptance of sliced omega‐3‐rich mortadella stored at 6 ± 1 °C for 7 days, was investigated. Three treatments were evaluated: mortadella packed with active (T1) and passive films (T2) and without (T3) films. T1 presented the highest effectiveness against the inoculated Listeria monocytogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and retarded spoilage bacteria growth. The colour coordinates, pH and Aw of T1 were affected by the active film. TBARs values from T2 and T3 overcame the threshold of 1.0 mg MDA kg−1 sample at day 5. Panellists scored all sensory attributes between 6 (slightly liked) and 7 (moderately liked) within all treatments. The active G:Ch films developed has the potential to be used as good preservative carrier in sliced mortadella during refrigerated storage, and thus, this product can be processed without synthetic preservative.
SARS‐CoV‐2 infection rate in Antananarivo frontline health care workers, Madagascar
Authors: Ratovoson Rila , Raberahona Mihaja , Razafimahatratra Rado , Randriamanantsoa Lova , Andriamasy Emmanuel Harizaka , Herindrainy Perlinot , Razanajatovo Norosoa , Andriamandimby Soa Fy , Rakotonaivo Andoniaina , Randrianarisaona Fanirisoa , Dussart Philippe , Heraud Jean Michel , de Randria Mamy Jean de Dieu , Schoenhals Matthieu , Randremanana Rindra Vatosoa 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundHealth care workers (HCWs) represent a vulnerable population during epidemic periods. Our cohort study aimed to estimate the risk of infection and associated factors among HCWs during the first wave of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) in Madagascar.MethodsA prospective cohort study was carried out in three hospitals that oversaw the first cases of COVID‐19. Monthly ELISA‐based serological tests were conducted, and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected in the case of symptoms linked to COVID‐19 for RT–PCR analysis. Survival analyses were used to determine factors associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.ResultsThe study lasted 7 months from May 2020. We included 122 HCWs, 61.5% of whom were women. The median age was 31.9 years (IQR: 26.4–42.3). In total, 42 (34.4%) had SARS‐CoV‐2 infections, of which 20 were asymptomatic (47.6%). The incidence of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was 9.3% (95% CI [6.5–13.2]) person‐months. Sixty‐five HCWs presented symptoms, of which 19 were positive by RT–PCR. When adjusted for exposure to deceased cases, infection was more frequent in HCWs younger than 30 years of age (RR = 4.9, 95% CI [1.4–17.2]).ConclusionOur results indicate a high incidence of infection with SARS‐CoV‐2 among HCWs, with a high proportion of asymptomatic cases. Young HCWs are more likely to be at risk than others. Greater awareness among young people is necessary to reduce the threat of infection among HCWs.
The rhizosphere microbiome: Plant–microbial interactions for resource acquisition
Authors: Pantigoso Hugo A. , Newberger Derek , Vivanco Jorge M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
While horticulture tools and methods have been extensively developed to improve the management of crops, systems to harness the rhizosphere microbiome to benefit plant crops are still in development. Plants and microbes have been coevolving for several millennia, conferring fitness advantages that expand the plant’s own genetic potential. These beneficial associations allow the plants to cope with abiotic stresses such as nutrient deficiency across a wide range of soils and growing conditions. Plants achieve these benefits by selectively recruiting microbes using root exudates, positively impacting their nutrition, health and overall productivity. Advanced knowledge of the interplay between root exudates and microbiome alteration in response to plant nutrient status, and the underlying mechanisms there of, will allow the development of technologies to increase crop yield. This review summarizes current knowledge and perspectives on plant–microbial interactions for resource acquisition and discusses promising advances for manipulating rhizosphere microbiomes and root exudation.
Preferences for redistribution
Authors: Mengel Friederike , Weidenholzer Elke 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe survey the literature on preferences for redistribution. We discuss different ways the literature has measured these preferences and review literature on the different determinants of preferences for redistribution. These range from institutions and demographic factors to fairness views and social preferences. Income inequality is, perhaps unsurprisingly, one of the most important determinants of preferences for redistribution. While our survey is largely focused on the economics literature, we also review some work from political science, sociology, and psychology.
Impact of in vitro fertilization‐embryo transfer on mother‐to‐infant transmission in women with chronic HBV infection
Authors: Yi Wei , Li Minghui , Sun Fangfang , Lu Huihui , Zeng Zhan , Bi Xiaoyue , Yang Liu , Lin Yanjie , Cao Xiuzhen , Hu Yuhong , Zhou Mingfang , Zhang Lu , Lu Yao , Wan Gang , Xie Yao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsIn vitro fertilization‐embryo transfer (IVF‐ET) may increase the risk of mother‐to‐child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV). The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact and safety of IVF‐ET on MTCT in women with chronic HBV infection (CHB).MethodsThe data of 298 women who got pregnant by IVF‐ET and their 375 children were collected retrospectively. Mothers were divided into the CHB group (n = 224) and the control group (HBsAg negative, n = 74). After birth, newborns were routinely vaccinated with the hepatitis B vaccine, and infants in the CHB group were injected with hepatitis B immunoglobulin within 2 h after birth. Demographic information, clinical data and laboratory test results were collected. The primary outcome measures were the MTCT rate of HBV, and the secondary outcome measures were the safety of the mother and infant.ResultsThere was no case of HBV MTCT in all 282 newborns born in the CHB group and 93 neonates born in the control group. Of the two groups, the birth weight (3056.74 ± 601.65 vs. 2926.24 ± 704.86, P = .083), length (49.22 ± 1.97 vs. 48.74 ± 3.09, P = .167), 5‐min Apgar score (9.97 ± 0.21 vs. 9.90 ± 0.51, P = .212), days of pregnancy (265.70 ± 12.73 vs. 262.02 ± 17.50, P = .064) and neonatal malformation rate (0.71% vs. 0, P = 1.000) were similar. Two cases of neonatal malformation occurred in the CHB group. The incidences of pregnancy and childbirth complications were similar between the two groups.ConclusionIVF‐ET does not increase the risk of MTCT in women with chronic HBV infection, and it is safe for mothers and infants.