bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Retinal and Choroidal Vessel Density and Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Changes After Orbitotomy in Sever NON- Active Thyroid Orbitopathy Patients (A Retrospective Study)
Authors: Tehrani Mansoreh Jamshidian , Niktinat Hanie , Ebrahimiadib Nazanin , Jafari Bahzad , Rafizadeh Seyed Mohsen , Kasaee Abolfazl 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Evaluation the optical coherence tomography angiogram changes in non-active sever thyroid related ophthalmopathy patients after cosmetic bone decompression
Methods: included 18 patients (25 eyes) with severe not active not compressive (NANC) TED who were candidates for decompression surgery for cosmetic reasons and A 3 × 3 mm macular scan was used to measure vessel density and RNFL thickness. Whole macular vessel density, in its superficial, deep and choriocapillaris layers were evaluated. Whole macular vessel density, in its superficial, deep and choriocapillaris layers were evaluated. The following data was extracted for each of layers: superior and inferior hemispheres, fovea, parafoveal vessel density, its superior and inferior hemispheres, and temporal, superior, nasal, and inferior quadrant.
Results: The mean RPC increased postoperatively, which was statistically significant in small vessels of peripapillary area. (p-value=0.045).The mean RNFL thickness decreased after surgery and it was statistically significant in the peripapillary (p-value= 0.032) and -Inferior-Hemifield area (p-value= 0.036). The choriocapillaris changes were significant in Superior-Hemifield (p-value= 0.031) and Fovea (p-value= 0.03).
Conclusion: thyroid associated orbitopathy patients have a tendency to decrease vascular density and correlated with disease activity more than stage of orbitopathy. There was not a strong an even discrepant results in linkage of RNFL thickness and other optic nerve function tests and TED patients status and it is needed to do studies with more epidemiologic power and same methodology of study to be more comparable.
A novel acquired EGFR-SEPT14 fusion confers differential drug resistance to EGFR inhibitors in lung adenocarcinoma: a rare EGFR alteration report
Authors: Wang Weidong , Lv Wang , Wang Hui , Xu Yang , Yan Junrong , Shen Han-Ming , Shan Liqun , Hu Jian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Backgrounds: The rapid development of comprehensive genomic profiling facilitates the identification of rare epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations; however, the clinical implications of these newly identified rare mutations were largely unknown.
Methods: A lung adenocarcinoma patient with leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) who was treated with various EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) was included in the study. Next-generation sequencing of 139 cancer-relevant genes was performed on the serial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens collected during the treatment. Simulated structural analysis and in vitro drug sensitivity were conducted to elucidate novel EGFR TKI resistant mechanisms.
Results: The patient was initially positive for EGFR 19-exon deletion (19-Del), and upon drug resistance to first-generation EGFR inhibitors and osimertinib, a previously unreported EGFR-SEPT14 (E25:S7) fusion was identified. The patient achieved a promising response after treating intrathecal pemetrexed plus second-generation EGFR inhibitors. Structural analysis suggested that the fusion protein and wild-type EGFR had similar secondary structures but distinct tertiary structures. In vitro studies demonstrated that EGFR-SEPT14 fusion itself was not oncogenic; however, it could function together with EGFR 19-Del to confer drug resistance to first-generation inhibitors and osimertinib while remaining sensitive to some second- and third-generation EGFR inhibitors.
Conclusions: Overall, this is the first study reporting EGFR fusions can serve as an acquired resistant mechanism to EGRR inhibitors in lung adenocarcinoma, which is potentially through heterodimerization with classic EGFR mutations, and the identification of its differential sensitivity to certain EGFR TKIs could facilitate personalized treatments to patients with rare EGFR alterations.
A multicenter, open-label, multiple-dose Phase Ib/II study evaluating the safety and tolerability of CS3008 (BLU-554) in combination with CS1001 in subjects with locally advanced or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) Research
Authors: Zhou Mingzhen , Liu Baorui , Shen Jie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective: The treatment model of targeted therapy combined with immunotherapy has become the treatment modality for hepatocellular carcinoma due to problems such as single drug resistance. This trial was designed to evaluate the safety and tolerability of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 inhibitor CS3008 (BLU-554) in combination with the anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody CS1001 in patients with locally advanced or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
patients and methods: This multicenter, open-label, multidose Phase Ib/II trial enrolled patients with locally advanced or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients received CS1001 1200 mg intravenously every three weeks and BLU-554 600 mg orally daily. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) as assessed according to RECISTv1.1.
Result: A total of 18 patients were screened, of which 8 patients were FGF19 positive. And only four patients ultimately received the combination of treatment CS3008 (BLU-554) and CS1001 after entry row review, with ORR of 50% and DCR of 100%, and only one patient had an immune-related adverse reaction.
Conclusion: Preliminary confirmation that CS3008 (BLU-554) in combination with CS1001 is safe and effective in the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma.
Registration number: NCT04194801
A Novel Light trapping for high efficiency a-Si:H/ μc-Si Micromorph tandem Solar Cells
Authors: Eghbali Ramisa , Khosroabadi Saeed , Shokouhmand Anis 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The performance of a-Si:H/μc-Si:H tandem solar cell has been studied by using two-dimensional numerical simulation. In this work, after optimizing the thicknesses of each layer, light trapping techniques have been investigated to increase the photogenerated current in both sub cells. 1D- photonic crystal has been implemented as a broadband back reflector in a solar cell while to reduce the reflection from the surface of the top cell, two-layer anti-reflection, SiO2/Si3N4 has been suggested. In order to match the current density of sub cells as well as prevent the accumulation of carries in its interface, Tunnel Recombination Junction is required in the interlayer. Here, we have used n-μc-Si:H /p-μc-Si:H with a thickness of 10nm as a TRJ. Under global AM 1.5G conditions, the proposed cell structure had an open-circuit voltage of 1.38 V, a short-circuit current density of 12.51 mA/cm2, and a fill factor of 80.82%, corresponding to a total area conversion efficiency of 14%.
Comparison of saturated hydraulic conductivity estimated by empirical, hydraulic and numerical modelling methods at different scales in a coastal sand aquifer in Northern Ireland
Authors: Águila Jesús F. , McDonnell Mark C. , Flynn Raymond , Butler Adrian P. , Hamill Gerard A. , Etsias Georgios , Benner Eric M. , Donohue Shane 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Hydraulic conductivity (K) is one of the most challenging hydrogeological properties to appropriately measure due to its dependence on the measurement scale and the influence of heterogeneity. This paper presents a comparison of saturated hydraulic conductivities determined for a quasi-homogeneous coastal sand aquifer, estimated using eight different methodologies, encompassing empirical, hydraulic and numerical modelling methods. The geometric means of K, determined using 22 methods, spanning measurement scales varying between 0.01 m and 100 m, ranged between 3.6 and 58.3 m/d. K estimates from Cone Penetration Test (CPT) data proved wider than those obtained using the other methods, while various empirical equations, commonly used to estimate K from grain-size analysis and Tide-Aquifer interaction techniques revealed variations of up to one order of magnitude. Single-well tracer dilution tests provided an alternative for making preliminary estimates of K when hydraulic gradients were known. Estimates from the slug tests proved between 1.2 and 1.6 times larger than those determined from pumping tests which, with one of the smallest ranges of variation, provided a representative average K of the aquifer as revealed by numerical modelling. By contrast, variations in K with depth could be detected at small scales (~0.1 m). Hydraulic Profiling Tool (HPT) system data indicated that K decreases with depth, which was supported by the numerical model results. No scale effect on K was apparent when considering the ensemble of results, suggesting that hydraulic conductivity estimates do not depend on the scale of measurement in the absence of significant aquifer heterogeneities.
Minimax optimal control problems for an extensible beam equation with uncertain initial velocity
Authors: Hwang Jinsoo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper is devoted to deal with the problem of minimax optimalcontrol problems of an extensible beam equation with distributed controlsand initial velocity disturbances (or noises). The existence of optimal solutionsfor distributed control with fixed disturbance, namely (Pv) problem, and the existenceof minimax optimal solutions without restricting the initial disturbancenamed (P) problem are proved. And we derive the necessary optimality conditionsfor optimal solutions of the (Pv) and (P) problems in form of Pontryagin’smaximum principle.
An output of Kirchhoff Plate Equation with Bilinear Boundary controls
Authors: ELKABOUSS ABELLA , Bouhamed Abdelhak 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The current work focuses on the regional optimal control issue of the Kirchhoff Plate equation con- trols in a spatial domain Ω ⊂ R2, with constrained bilinear controls operating on the boundary of such an equation. It primarily concerns the tracking of a target state during the time interval[0,T], exclusively on a subregion of ω ⊂ Ω, minimizing a specified energy cost. Then we demonstrate that there is an optimal control, which is defined as a solution to an optimality system.
MSC: 93B05
Diffuse agricultural pollution of groundwater: addressing impacts in Denmark and Eastern England
Authors: Foster Stephen , Bjerre Troels Kaergaard 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Diffuse groundwater pollution by agricultural land-use practices is a major international problem. The evolution of the problem in two similar areas of Northern Europe, highly dependent on groundwater for public water supply and arable agriculture for economic production, is reviewed over decades through reference to some exceptionally long-term monitoring data. In Denmark, the greatest concern has been with excessive concentrations of pesticides and their metabolites but significant nitrate problems have also been experienced in some areas. In Eastern England, rising groundwater nitrate concentrations constituted the greater problem but pesticide issues also had to be confronted. An in-depth assessment of the approaches available to water utilities for addressing the problem is provided, contrasting treatment solutions, which have major implications for carbon footprint, with land-use controls, to eliminate or reduce nitrate and pesticide leaching, in groundwater source catchment areas.
Multimodality Treatment of Deep-seated Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations:
The Experiences of One Center
Authors: Zhang HongQi , Ji ZhenLong , Xiang SiShi , Li JingWei , Xu Jin , Yu JiaXing , Qi JiaWei , Li GuiLin 
Published: November 2022

Objective:
Treatment of deep-seated cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) remains
challenging for neurosurgeons or neuroradiologists. This study aims to review the experiences
of one center in using multimodality treatment for deep-seated AVMs.

Methods:
The AVM database of Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University was searched, and
96 patients who were diagnosed with a deep-seated cerebral AVM between 2010 and 2020 were
identified. The following information was collected and analyzed: patients’ clinical features, treatment
modality used, posttreatment complications, AVM obliteration rate, rebleeding rate, and functional
outcome during follow-up. The patients’ posttreatment modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores
were split into two groups: good outcome (mRS score ≤ 2) and poor outcome (mRS score ≥ 3). Univariate
and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to test the predictors of clinical
outcomes and AVM obliteration.

Results:
Eighty-eight out of 96 patients (91.7%) presented with initial hemorrhaging. The pretreatment
mRS score was ≤ 2 in 80 patients (88.3%) patients and ≥ 3 in 16 patients (16.7%). Limb
weakness was present in 42 patients (43.8%). In this sample, 210 hemorrhages occurred during 2056
person-years before diagnosis, yielding an annual hemorrhage rate of 10.2% per person-year. Angiographic
obliteration was achieved in 29 patients (30.2%). At the last follow-up, 80 patients (83.3%)
had good clinical outcomes, whereas 16 (16.7%) had a deterioration in their clinical presentation
following treatment. Multivariate analyses indicated that pretreatment limb weaknesses and a high
Spetzler–Martin grade predicted poor clinical outcomes (P = 0.003 and 0.008, respectively). Fewer
feeding arteries were a predictor for AVM obliteration (P = 0.034).

Conclusions:
Good outcomes can be achieved through multimodal treatment of deep-seated AVMs.
A single supplying artery is a predictor of AVM obliteration. Pretreatment limb weaknesses and
high Spetzler-Martin grades predict poor clinical outcomes.
Synthesis, Molecular Docking Analysis and In vitro Evaluation of 1,4-
Dihydroxyanthraquinone Derivatives As Anti-Trypanosomal Agents
Authors: Kisula Lydia , Siwe-Noundou Xavier , Swart Tarryn , Hoppe Heinrich C. , Mgani Quintino , Krause Rui WM 
Published: November 2022

Abstract:
Hydroxy-substituted anthraquinones are among the most important derivatives in organic
synthesis. The attractive biological properties of these compounds are relevant to many therapeutic areas
that are of use in clinical applications. In this study synthesized several amino-substituted anthraquinones
were synthesized from 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone using a modified Marschalk reaction.
Moreover, 1,4,5-trihydroxyanthraquinone was synthesized from anacardic acid, an agro-waste from
the cashew industry. The in-vitro screening of the compounds against Trypanosoma brucei parasites
revealed noteworthy activity with reasonable selectivity against human cell lines. A molecular docking
study was performed to analyze the synthesized compounds' modes of interaction to the trypanothione
reductase's active site. Visual inspections examined the docked poses, and test compounds displayed
a good binding affinity with the receptor protein. This in vitro/ molecular docking evaluation
suggests that substituted 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone derivative can be promising starting structures
in the search for active drugs against trypanosomiasis.
Isolation and Selection of Lactic Acid Bacteria with the Capacity of
Producing γ-aminobutyric Acid (GABA) and Antimicrobial Activity: Its
Application in Fermented Meat Product
Authors: Xuan  Phong Huynh , Quoc  Viet Le , Minh  Chau Luu , Dang  Long Bui Hoang , Thanh Nguyen Ngoc , Tan Phat Dao , Truong Le Dang 
Published: November 2022

Background:
γ-aminobutyric acid produced from lactic acid bacteria can be an ideal
component in food products due to its health functional properties.

Objective:
This study aimed to isolate lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with the capacity of producing
γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and evaluated its antimicrobial activities and application of Nem
Chua (the traditionally fermented meat product).

Methods:
LAB strains from 7 types of Nem Chua products were isolated and evaluated for their
GABA-producing and antibacterial capacities. The Nem Chua product was prepared from the selected
GABA-producing LAB strain and evaluated for its GABA content, pH, and lactic acid
levels.

Results:
Six strains (CP2, HC2, LV2, TP1, VL1, and XP1) were isolated being capable of producing
GABA (1.234 – 1.568 mg/ml) after 24 h of fermentation. Among them, the strain VL1
was found to produce the highest GABA content and induce the highest antimicrobial activity
against Bacillus Subtilis (19.7 mm in zone inhibition diameter). Strain VL1 was identified as
Lactobacillus Plantarum and was used for the production of Nem Chua, which was found to
contain 1.103 mg/g of GABA and 22 mg/g of lactic acid.

Conclusion:
The result showed the high feasibility of using GABA-producing strain L. Plantarum
VL1 to develop functional products due to its health-beneficial effects.
A CT Radiomics Analysis of the Adrenal Masses: Can We Discriminate
Lipid-poor Adenomas from the Pheochromocytoma and Malignant
Masses?
Authors: Mendi Bökebatur Ahmet Raşit , Gülbay Mutlu 
Published: November 2022

Aims:
The aim of the study is to demonstrate a non-invasive alternative method to aid the
decision making process in the management of adrenal masses.

Background:
Lipid-poor adenomas constitute 30% of all adrenal adenomas. When discovered incidentally,
additional dynamic adrenal examinations are required to differentiate them from an adrenal
malignancy or pheochromocytoma.

Objective:
In this retrospective study, we aimed to discriminate lipid-poor adenomas from other lipidpoor
adrenal masses by using radiomics analysis in single contrast phase CT scans.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 38 histologically proven lipid-poor adenomas (Group 1) and 38
cases of pheochromocytoma or malignant adrenal mass (Group 2) were included in this retrospective
study. Lesions were segmented volumetrically by two independent authors, and a total of 63 sizes,
shapes, and first- and second-order parameters were calculated. Among these parameters, a logit-fit
model was produced by using 6 parameters selected by the LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection
operator) regression. The model was cross-validated with LOOCV (leave-one-out crossvalidation)
and 1000-bootstrap sampling. A random forest model was also generated in order to use all
parameters without the risk of multicollinearity. This model was examined with the nested crossvalidation
method.

Results:
Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and AUC were calculated in test sets as 84.2%, 81.6%,
82.9% and 0.829 in the logit fit model and 91%, 80%, 82.8% and 0.975 in the RF model, respectively.

Conclusion:
Predictive models based on radiomics analysis using single-phase contrast-enhanced CT
can help characterize adrenal lesions.
Application of Modern Analytical Techniques for Quantification of Tadalafil
in Pharmaceutical and Biological Matrices: Future Prospectus
Authors: Kumari Acharjya Sasmita , Jana Subhadip , Nahak Anita , Kumar Dash Sanat , Chakraborty Atyurmila , Chowdhury Bimalendu 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Analytical techniques play a vital role in developing patient-friendly
dosage forms in the pharmaceutical industry. Presently, numerous sophisticated and highly delicate
modern analytical instruments are available in pharmaceutical industries to assess active
pharmaceutical ingredients or other excipients present in different pharmaceutical matrices and
biological fluids. Assortment of the most suitable analytical techniques for analysing any component
during the drug development process is challenging as it affects the final product's quality,
safety, and efficacy.

Introduction:
Tadalafil (TDL) is the most flexible second-generation Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor.
It treats erectile dysfunction, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and pulmonary arterial hypertension
as first-line therapy, either alone or with other medications. This review paper aims to highlight
the varieties of new analytical techniques (like UV-Visible spectroscopic technique, HPLC,
HPTLC, Electroanalytical technique, Spectrofluorimetry, GC-MS, LC-MS) that have been reported
for quantification of TDL as a single or in the combined form present in bulk material as
well as in different biological or pharmaceutical matrices, their pros and cons, and future potential
of such methods.

Conclusion:
This article's reported methods are accurate, sensitive, and cost-effective. Applying
AQbD and green analytical chemistry with greener organic solvents and reagents in some of the
reported methods opens a new era of analytical method development that will aid in future
growth for the estimation of TDL.
First Report in a Human of Successful Treatment of Asthma with Mesenchymal
Stem Cells: A Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors: Sharan Joshua , Barmada Amir , Band Nicolas , Liebman Eliana , Prodromos Chadwick 
Published: November 2022

Introduction:
Asthma is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by chronic airway inflammation
resulting in obstructive pulmonary symptoms. In preclinical studies, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)
have demonstrated the ability to ameliorate the symptoms and immunologic pathways seen in asthma.

:
Due to the known relationship between asthma and the hyper-responsive immune cascade, we hypothesized
that MSCs could be an effective treatment option for patients with asthma due to their significant
immunomodulatory properties.

Objective:
We present the initial results for the first patient enrolled in a phase 1 clinical trial (Safety of
Cultured Allogeneic Adult Umbilical Cord Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Intravenous Infusion for the
Treatment of Pulmonary Diseases).

Case Report:
A 68-year-old male with a longstanding history of asthma requested mesenchymal stem cell
treatment for his persistent asthma symptoms. Cultured umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells
were infused intravenously at a dose of 100 million cells over a period of 40 minutes. Post-treatment follow-
up was performed after two and six months.

Results:
The patient had no adverse events or complications related to treatment. In the two months posttreatment,
his usage of a rescue inhaler decreased to 1 time per month, over 90% reduction. In addition,
he had a 70% reduction in nebulizer usage. Improvement was sustained in the 6 months follow-up.

Conclusion:
We report the first case of mesenchymal stem cell treatment significantly and safely improving
asthma clinical symptoms in a human. Additionally, an extensive literature review provided several
plausible mechanisms by which stem cells can ameliorate immune hyper-stimulation associated with
asthma.
Impact of Newtonian Heating on MHD Micropolar Fluid for the Influence of Heat Source
Authors: Prusty K.K. , Sahoo S.N. , Mishra S.R. 
Published: November 2022

Introduction:
The current analysis deals with the flow of time-independent conducting micropolar fluid past a stretching sheet. Furthermore, the influences of magnetic field strength and heat sources are also discussed in this study. The current study is important for the growing applications of magnetism in various chemical systems like pumping, transportation, trapping, sorting, separation, etc.

Aims:
In addition, the objective of the present exploration is the consideration of Newtonian heating conditions.

Methods:
Transformation of nonlinear PDEs of the flow phenomena into nonlinear coupled ODEs is done using suitable similarity variables, and these are handled by employing the “Runge-Kutta fourth-order” scheme in association with the “shooting technique”. The influence of flow characteristics proposed in this study is analyzed via graphs. The engineering coefficients for various parameters are simulated numerically and deployed through the table.

Results:
Finally, it was found that the rotational viscosity dominates over the fluid viscosity and enhances the momentum profile.

Conclusion:
An augmentation in the Prandtl number retards the fluid temperature and the application of applied magnetic field built up the resistance that retards fluid momentum.