bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phylogenomics reveals the evolution, biogeography, and diversification history of voles in the Hengduan Mountains
Authors: Wang XiaoYun , Liang Dan , Wang XuMing , Tang MingKun , Liu Yang , Liu ShaoYing , Zhang Peng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe Hengduan Mountains (HDM) of China are a biodiversity hotspot whose temperate flora and fauna are among the world’s richest. However, the origin and evolution of biodiversity in the HDM remain poorly understood, especially in mammals. Given that the HDM shows the highest richness of vole species in the world, we used whole-exome capture sequencing data from the currently most comprehensive sampling of HDM voles to investigate their evolutionary history and diversification patterns. We reconstructed a robust phylogeny and re-estimated divergence times of the HDM voles. We found that all HDM voles could be divided into a western lineage (Volemys,Proedromys, andNeodon) and an eastern lineage (CaryomysandEothenomys), and the two lineages originated from two migration events from North Eurasia to the HDM approximately 9 Mya. Both vole lineages underwent a significant acceleration of net diversification from 8–5 Mya, which was temporally congruent with the orogeny of the HDM region. We also identified strong intertribal gene flow among the HDM voles and hypothesized that frequent gene flow might have facilitated the speciation burst of the HDM voles. Our study highlights the importance of both environmental and biotic factors in shaping the biodiversity of mammals in mountain ecosystems.
Venous endothelial function in cardiovascular disease
Authors: Dardi Patrizia , dos Reis Costa Daniela Esteves Ferreira , Assunção Henrique Charlanti Reis , Rossoni Luciana Venturini 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The essential role of the endothelium in vascular homeostasis is associated with the release of endothelium-dependent relaxing and contractile factors (EDRF and EDCF, respectively). Different from arteries, where these factors are widely studied, the vasoactive factors derived from the venous endothelium have been given less attention. There is evidence for a role of the nitric oxide (NO), endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization (EDH) mechanism, and cyclooxygenase (COX)-derived metabolites as EDRFs; while the EDCFs need to be better evaluated since no consensus has been reached about their identity in venous vessels. The imbalance between the synthesis, bioavailability, and/or action of EDRFs and/or EDCFs results in a pathological process known as endothelial dysfunction, which leads to reduced vasodilation and/or increased vasoconstriction. In the venous system, endothelial dysfunction is relevant since reduced venodilation may increase venous tone and decrease venous compliance, thus enhancing mean circulatory filling pressure, which maintains or modify cardiac workload contributing to the etiology of cardiovascular diseases. Interestingly, some alterations in venous function appear at the early stages (or even before) the establishment of these diseases. However, if the venous endothelium dysfunction is involved in these alterations is not yet fully understood and requires further studies. In this sense, the present study aims to review the current knowledge on venous endothelial function and dysfunction, and the general state of the venous tone in two important cardiovascular diseases of high incidence and morbimortality worldwide: hypertension and heart failure.
High‐frequency common‐mode voltage mitigation for current‐source inverter in transformerless photovoltaic system using active zero‐state space vector modulation
Authors: Gao Hang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSpace vector modulation (SVM) schemes with leakage current mitigation capability for current‐source inverters (CSIs) in transformerless photovoltaic (PV) systems have not been well explored yet. In this study, the advantage of a special SVM scheme, called active zero‐state SVM (AZS‐SVM), on suppressing high‐order harmonics in the common‐mode voltage (CMV) is revealed and theoretically analysed, since the high‐frequency components in the CMV have decisive impacts on the generated leakage current. A five‐segment sequence is proposed for AZS‐SVM applied for CSIs. Both simulation and experiments are conducted on a (2.5 kW/208 V/6.94 A) grid‐connected three‐phase CSI, which validates the effectiveness of the designed AZS‐SVM to mitigate the CMV high‐order harmonics when compared to that by conventional SVM under different operating conditions.
Neue Technologien in der Mikrochirurgie: Potential, Indikationen und
ökonomische Aspekte – Konsensus-Bericht der Deutschsprachigen
Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Mikrochirurgie der peripheren Nerven und
Gefäße (DAM)
Authors: Kueckelhaus Maximilian , Kolbenschlag Jonas , Kirschniak Andreas , Beier Justus P. , Enzinger Simon , Harder Yves , Kneser Ulrich , Lehnhardt Marcus , Rab Matthias , Daigeler Adrien 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungKürzlich haben mehrere neue Technologien zur Unterstützung von
Mikrochirurg:innen eine europäische Marktzulassung erhalten. Der
vorliegende Artikel fasst die Eindrücke eines Expertenpanels zur
Einordnung des Potentials neuer Technologien im Hinblick auf Nutzen für
den Operateur, spezifische Indikationen und ökonomische Aspekte
während der 42. Jahrestagung der Deutschsprachigen Arbeitsgemeinschaft
für Mikrochirurgie der peripheren Nerven und Gefäße
(DAM) in Graz, Österreich zusammen und diskutiert diese. Das
Expertengremium befasste sich im Allgemeinen mit den Grundsätzen und
Voraussetzung der erfolgreichen Etablierung neuer Technologien und im Speziellen
mit neuartigen optischen und robotischen Systemen. Dazu wurde die aktuelle
wissenschaftliche Literatur aufgearbeitet sowie anfängliche klinische
Erfahrungswerte im Rahmen von Fallserien und retrospektiven Studien durch die
Mitglieder des Expertenpaneels präsentiert. In der sich
anschließenden Diskussion wurde herausgearbeitet, dass zunächst
eine Identifizierung von Patienten-Untergruppen notwendig sein wird, bei denen
mit dem Einsatz der neuen Technologien am ehesten ein klinischer Nutzen zu
erzielen sei. Da bereits eine klinische Zulassung einiger Systeme gegeben ist,
kann bei der unmittelbaren klinischen Anwendung eine Vorgehensweise von
möglichst einfachem Einsatz hin zu immer feineren Anwendungen, also von
der Mikro- bis hin zur Supermikrochirurgie, hin entwickelt werden. Eine
Finanzierung kostenintensiver Systeme sei zunächst vermutlich nicht
über den Erlös aus der Regelversorgung, sondern nur durch
Fördergelder oder subventionierte klinische Studien möglich. In
einer abschließenden Befragung sieht die Mehrheit der
Sitzungsteilnehmenden die Notwendigkeit einer Preisreduktion sowohl der
Technologien zur Visualisierung als auch der Operationsrobotik, um eine
flächendeckende klinische Etablierung zu ermöglichen. Ebenfalls
eine Mehrheit der Teilnehmenden würde bei klinischem Einsatz eine
Kombination aus Exoskop bzw. robotischem Mikroskop und einem Operationsroboter
bevorzugen. Die vorliegende Konsensusarbeit adressiert die Entwicklung einer
Strategie zur effektiven Etablierung neuer Technologien, die die operative
Qualität ausgewählter Eingriffe weiter erhöhen soll.
The Cost Effectiveness of Unicompartmental versus Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Varughese Ibin , Whitehouse Sarah L. , Donnelly William J. , Crawford Ross W. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study examines the potential cost savings for the health system and the community in a broadly accessible model through the increased utilization of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) using robotic arm-assisted UKA (raUKA) versus conventional total knee arthroplasty (cTKA). We retrospectively reviewed 240 patients where the first 120 consecutive raUKA performed during this period were matched to 120 cTKAs. Clinical data from the medical records and costs for procedure for each component were collected. Bivariate analyses were performed on the data to determine if there were statistically significant differences by surgery type in clinical outcomes and financial costs. There was a significantly lower cost incurred for raUKA versus cTKA with an average saving of AU$7,179 per case. The operating time (86.0 vs. 75.9 minutes; p = 0.004) was significantly higher for raUKA, but the length of stay was significantly lower (1.8 vs. 4.8 days; p < 0.001). There was a significant difference in the use of opioids between raUKA and cTKA (125.0 morphine equivalent [ME] vs. 522.1 ME, p < 0.001). This study demonstrated that the use of raUKA rather than cTKA in suitably indicated patients may realize significant cost savings.
ADAR regulates APOL1 via A-to-I RNA editing by inhibition of MDA5 activation in a paradoxical biological circuit
Authors: Riella Cristian V. , McNulty Michelle , Ribas Guilherme T. , Tattersfield Calum F. , Perez-Gill Chandra , Eichinger Felix , Kelly Jessica , Chun Justin , Subramanian Balajikarthick , Guizelini Dieval ,   Nephrotic Syndrome Study Network (NEPTUNE), Alper Seth L. , Pollak Martin R. , Sampson Matthew G. , Friedman David J. , Massengill S , Dell K , Sedor J , Martin B , Lemley K , Sharma S , Srivastava T , Markus K , Sethna C , Vento S , Canetta P , Pradhan A , Greenbaum L , Wang CS , Yun E , Adler S , LaPage J , Atkinson M , Williams M , McCarthy E , Fervenza F , Hogan M , Lieske J , Selewski D , Conley C , Kaskel F , Ross M , Flynn P , Kopp J , Malaga-Dieguez L , Zhdanova O , Pace B , Almaani S , Lafayette R , Dave S , Lee I , Quinn-Boyle S , Shah S , Reich H , Hladunewich M , Ling P , Romano M , Brakeman P , Podoll A , Fornoni A , Bidot C , Kretzler M , Gipson D , Williams A , Klida C , Derebail V , Gibson K , Froment A , Ochoa-Toro F , Holzman L , Meyers K , Kallem K , Swenson A , Sharma K , Sambandam K , Wang Z , Rogers M , Jefferson A , Hingorani S , Tuttle K , Manahan L , Pao E , Kuykendall K K , Lin JJ , Baker Stefanie , Dharnidharka V 
Published: October 2022

APOL1
risk variants are associated with increased risk of kidney disease in patients of African ancestry, but not all individuals with the
APOL1
high-risk genotype develop kidney disease. As APOL1 gene expression correlates closely with the degree of kidney cell injury in both cell and animal models, the mechanisms regulating APOL1 expression may be critical determinants of risk allele penetrance. The APOL1 messenger RNA includes Alu elements at the 3′ untranslated region that can form a double-stranded RNA structure (Alu-dsRNA) susceptible to posttranscriptional adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR)–mediated adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing, potentially impacting gene expression. We studied the effects of ADAR expression and A-to-I editing on APOL1 levels in podocytes, human kidney tissue, and a transgenic APOL1 mouse model. In interferon-γ (IFN-γ)–stimulated human podocytes, ADAR down-regulates APOL1 by preventing melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) recognition of dsRNA and the subsequent type I interferon (IFN-I) response. Knockdown experiments showed that recognition of APOL1 messenger RNA itself is an important contributor to the MDA5-driven IFN-I response. Mathematical modeling suggests that the IFN–ADAR–APOL1 network functions as an incoherent feed-forward loop, a biological circuit capable of generating fast, transient responses to stimuli. Glomeruli from human kidney biopsies exhibited widespread editing of APOL1 Alu-dsRNA, while the transgenic mouse model closely replicated the edited sites in humans. APOL1 expression in mice was inversely correlated with Adar1 expression under IFN-γ stimuli, supporting the idea that ADAR regulates APOL1 levels in vivo. ADAR-mediated A-to-I editing is an important regulator of APOL1 expression that could impact both penetrance and severity of APOL1-associated kidney disease.
Bearing fault diagnosis method using a spatio-temporal neural network based on feature transfer learning
Authors: Song Mengmeng , Zhang Zexiong , Xiao Shungen , Xiong Zicheng , Li Mengwei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
An intelligent bearing fault diagnosis method based requires a large quantity of labeled data. However, in an actual engineering environment, only a tiny amount of unlabeled data can be collected. To solve this problem, we construct a spatio-temporal neural network (STN) model by multi-layer fusion of convolutional neural network (CNN) and long-term memory network features. Then, a model based on feature migration is constructed and a STN is applied as the feature extractor of the network. Finally, the Case Western Reserve University bearing dataset is employed to verify the performance of our proposed model, and the influence of different neural network feature extractors (CNN, recurrent neural network, long- and short-term memory network, STN) and several feature transfer measures [correlation alignment, multiple kernel maximum mean discrepancy, joint maximum mean discrepancy, discriminative joint probability maximum mean discrepancy (DJP-MMD) on the accuracy of the model were compared. The results show that the diagnostic accuracy of the proposed method is over 98%, and the diagnostic accuracy can be maintained at around 99% in most cases when the signal to noise ratio (SNR) is 10 dB. When the SNR is lower than 2 dB, the accuracy of the STN-DJPMMD model is still over 88%.
Construction and remote demonstration of an inexpensive but efficient linear differential variable transformer (LVDT) for physics or electronics teaching during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Roy Arijit , Roy Durjoy , Mallick Abhishek 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A linear variable differential transformer is termed as LVDT in short. A simple miniature and inexpensive LVDT was constructed for laboratory teaching. Starting from the fundamental physics of LVDT, a complete demonstration was presented. The heart of an LVDT is three coils that were taken from the electrical ‘Ding-dong’ doorbell. A universal laboratory experiment kit named ‘ExpEyes-17’ is used to drive the LVDT and display the input and output signals on a laptop screen. Thus, a compact LVDT system was developed. Displacement experiments were conducted, and the well-known V-shape response for our LVDT was obtained. The theory and experiment were presented with a high degree of clarity for ease of understanding. A complete demonstration was given to a group of students while teaching the theory of LVDT, and an excellent response from the group was obtained. Moreover, online demonstration of LVDT experiments using our kit was easily achievable. The authors have used the setup for remote demonstration the experiment to the students during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.
Teaching remote laboratories using smart phone sensors: determining the density of air
Authors: Wye Steven 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdown, both schools and universities faced significant challenges in moving teaching from an in-situ setting to a remote one, this included laboratory experiments. This paper presents an experiment developed to use a phone’s in built pressure sensor, common to most smart phones. By using this sensor to measure the pressure at a series of known heights, the density of air was calculated with an accuracy of approximately ±0.03 kg m−3. This was completed as part of a first year undergraduate course.
Weak cosmic censorship conjecture in Myers-Perry black hole with separability
Authors: Gwak Bogeun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We investigate the weak cosmic censorship conjecture in Myers-Perry black holes with arbitrary rotations in general dimensions based on the scattering of a massless scalar field. From the fluxes of the scalar field flowing into the black hole, the changes in mass and angular momenta of the black hole are obtained. However, the extremal and near-extremal black holes with the aforementioned changes are still black holes in the final state. Hence, the conjecture is valid for our investigation. Furthermore, we analyze the changes in the black hole from a thermodynamic perspective to highlight that the laws of thermodynamics support the conjecture.
A Fast and High-precision Alignment Method for IFU Based on Optical Interferometry and Fresnel Diffraction
Authors: Wang Anzhi , Wang Jiabin , Yang Xingyu , Wang Shengjia , Yan Yunxiang , Yan Qi , Lu Chunlian , Li Song , Geng Tao , Sun Weimin , Chen Shuang , Zhong Yue , Xu Zhi , Qu Zhongquan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
High-precision alignment between the microlens array and the fiber-positioning microplate is of great significance in developing fiber-based integrated field units (IFU). In this paper, we propose a method combining optical interference and a Fresnel diffraction model to realize fast and accurate alignment. The minimum resolution angles of the tip and tilt in the optical interference-assisted alignment experiment are 2.6 × 10−4° and 1.3 × 10−4°, respectively. The errors in the remaining four degrees of freedom, x, y, z, and roll, are simulated by the Fresnel diffraction model. Finally, the output energy of 96.7% of the number of fibers is within a tolerance error of 10% and the relative energy reaches its highest level, which meets the IFU requirement.
Characterizing the quantumness of mixed-state ensembles via the coherence of Gram matrix with generalized α-z-relative Rényi entropy
Authors: Yuan Wendao , Wu Zhaoqi , Fei Shao-Ming 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Gram matrix of an ensemble of pure states can be regarded as a quantum state, and the quantumness of the ensemble can be quantified by the coherence of the Gram matrix. By using the affinity between mixed states, the concept of Gram matrix of pure-state ensembles can be extended to the one of mixed-state ensembles. By utilizing the generalized α-z-relative Rényi entropy of coherence of Gram matrices, we present a new quantifier of quantumness of mixed-sate ensembles and further reveal its peculiar properties. To illustrate our quantumness of mixed-sate ensembles, we also calculate the quantumness for some detailed mixed-sate ensembles by deriving their analytical formulae.
Understanding fast ion dynamics in sodiated Li4Na
x
Ti5O12: from interfacial to extended Li+ and Na+ dynamics in its mixed-conducting solid solutions
Authors: Posch Patrick , Lunghammer Sarah , Wilkening Alexandra , Hogrefe Katharina , Wilkening H Martin R 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Climate change and energy crises require the development of new sustainable materials to realise reliable electrochemical energy storage devices. Spinel-type Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) is one of the most promising anode materials not only for Li-based batteries, but also for those relying on sodium. While Li+ ion dynamics at the early stages of lithiation has been studied already previously, almost no data on the diffusion properties of Na+ ions can be found in the literature. Here, we used nucleus-specific 7Li and 23Na nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to quantify the motional processes in mixed-conducting Li4Na
x
Ti5O12 with x = 0.1, 0.5 and 1.5 on the angstrom length scale. Most importantly, our results reveal a strong increase in Li+ diffusivity in the early stages of chemical sodiation that is accompanied by a sharp decrease in activation energy when x reaches 0.5. The two-component 7Li NMR spectra point to the evolution of an interfacial solid solution at very low sodiation levels (x = 0.1). At x = 0.5, these regions emerge over almost the entire crystallite area, enabling rapid 8a-16c-8a Li+ exchange (0.4 eV), which leads to facile long-range ion transport. We direct the attention of the reader towards the initial formation of solid solutions in LTO-based anode materials and their capital impact on overall ion dynamics. In contrast to macroscopic electrochemical testing, NMR is uniquely positioned to detect and to resolve these exceptionally fast ion dynamics during the initial stages of sodiation. As these processes crucially determine the fast-charging performance of LTO-type batteries, our study lays the atomistic foundations to establish a general understanding of why two-phase materials such as LTO can act as an impressive insertion host for both Li and Na ions.
177 GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS OF THE FRAILTY PHENOTYPE IN UK BIOBANK HIGHLIGHTS CARDIOMETABOLIC AND AUTOIMMUNE SIGNATURES IN AGEING
Authors: McElheron M , Romero-Ortuno R , Kenny RA , O'Halloran A , Bourke N 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Frailty is a state of advanced biological age that is characterized by multisystem physiological decline and advanced risk to adverse health outcomes. One approach to defining frailty is using the Fried frailty phenotype, a five-point list of health-related criteria used to score individuals as non-frail, pre-frail, or frail. The biological basis of frailty is not fully understood, nor why some experience frailty at younger ages. Between 30%-45% of frailty risk is estimated to be genetic. This study aimed to investigate the genetic basis of frailty phenotype risk using data from UK Biobank.

Methods
UK Biobank is a large-scale biomedical database of community dwelling adults (n = 502,529, age range: 37-73 years, 54% female). UK Biobank has genome-wide genotyping (approx. 93 million variants), health, and demographic data for all participants. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of the frailty phenotype was performed on British and Irish adults aged 60 to 70 years (n = 157,720) to identify heritable factors which predict frailty progression in later life. Functional mapping was performed to determine genes and biological pathways enriched in GWAS results.

Results
95 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from three independent genomic risk loci were significantly associated (p &lt; 5e-8) with the frailty phenotype in UK Biobank participants. Three genes, PPP1R3A, LONRF2, and AIF1 were statistically enriched with genetic variants. Tissue-specific expression analysis indicated genes differentially expressed in blood vessels were enriched. Linkage Disequilibrium Score Regression (lambda = 1.2005, intercept = 1.0006) indicated GWAS test statistic inflation resulting from polygenicity. SNP-based heritability was estimated to be 6.34% (SE: 0.36%).

Conclusion
SNP-based heritability of the frailty phenotype was lower than expected in comparison to previous reports of 30%-45%. Statistically significant genomic risk loci, genes, and tissue-enrichment pointed towards dysregulation of cardiometabolic, cardiovascular, and immunological processes in frailty risk, contrasting to brain pathways enriched in previous genomic analyses of the frailty index.