bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of Travel Time Anisotropy from Subsurface Horizontal Magnetic Fields
Authors: Stefan John T. , Kosovichev Alexander G. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A time–distance measurement technique is derived to isolate phase travel time anisotropy caused by subsurface horizontal magnetic fields; a method that uses the measured anisotropy to estimate the field’s orientation is also derived. A simulation of acoustic waves propagating in a uniform, inclined magnetic field with solar background structure is used to verify the derived technique. Then the procedure is applied to a numerical simulation of a sunspot for which the subsurface state is known to provide context for the results obtained from the study of several sunspots observed by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager. Significant anisotropies are detected, on the order of 1 minute, and the subsurface field’s azimuth is estimated and compared with the azimuth of the surface magnetic field. In all cases, the subsurface azimuth is found to be well aligned with that of the surface, and the results from the numerical simulation are used to interpret features in the detected travel time anisotropy.
A Quasar Shedding Its Dust Cocoon at Redshift 2
Authors: Yi Weimin , Brandt W. N. , Ni Q. , Ho Luis C. , Luo Bin , Yan Wei , Schneider D. P. , Paul Jeremiah D. , Plotkin Richard M. , Yang Jinyi , Wang Feige , He Zhicheng , Chen Chen , Wu Xue-Bing , Bai Jin-Ming 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We present the first near-IR spectroscopy and joint analyses of multiwavelength observations for SDSS J082747.14+425241.1, a dust-reddened, weak broad emission-line quasar (WLQ) undergoing a remarkable broad-absorption line (BAL) transformation. The systemic redshift is more precisely measured to be z = 2.070 ± 0.001 using Hβ compared to z = 2.040 ± 0.003 using Mg ii from the literature, signifying an extreme Mg ii blueshift of 2140 ± 530 km s−1 relative to Hβ. Using the Hβ-based single-epoch scaling relation with a systematic uncertainty of 0.3 dex, its black hole (BH) mass and Eddington ratio are estimated to be M
BH ∼ 6.1 × 108
M
⊙ and λ
Edd ∼ 0.71, indicative of being in a rapidly accreting phase. Our investigations confirm the WLQ nature and the LoBAL → HiBAL transformation, along with a factor of 2 increase in the Mg ii+Fe ii emission strength and a decrease of 0.1 in E(B − V) over two decades. The kinetic power of this LoBAL wind at R ∼ 15 pc from its BH is estimated to be ∼43% of the Eddington luminosity, sufficient for quasar feedback upon its host galaxy albeit with an order-of-magnitude uncertainty. This quasar provides a clear example of the long-sought scenario where LoBAL quasars are surrounded by dust cocoons, and wide-angle nuclear winds play a key role in the transition of red quasars evolving into the commonly seen blue quasars.
The Bulk Properties of Isolated Neutron Stars Inferred from the Gravitational Redshift Measurements
Authors: Luo Chuan-Ning , Tang Shao-Peng , Jiang Jin-Liang , Gao Wei-Hong , Wei Da-Ming 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The measurements of the bulk properties of most isolated neutron stars (INSs) are challenging tasks. Tang et al. have developed a new method, based on the equation of state (EoS) of neutron star (NS) material constrained by the observational data, to infer the gravitational masses of a few INSs whose gravitational redshifts are available. However, in that work, the authors only considered the constraints on the EoS from nuclear experiments/theories and the gravitational wave data of GW170817; the possible phase transition has not been taken into account. In this work, we adopt three EoS models (including the one incorporates a first-order strong phase transition) that are constrained by the latest multimessenger NS data, including in particular the recent mass–radius measurements of two NSs by Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer, to update the estimation of the gravitational masses of RBS 1223, RX J0720.4-3125, and RX J1856.5-3754. In comparison to our previous approach, the new constraints are tighter, and the gravitational masses are larger by about 0.1M
⊙. All the inferred gravitational masses are within the range of the NS masses measured in other ways. We have also calculated the radius, tidal-deformability, and moment of inertia of these sources. The inclusion of the first-order strong phase transition has little influence on modifying the results.
Le géomimétisme, ou l’art de mettre les symbioses naturelles au service de la lutte contre le changement climatique
Authors: Gilbert Pierre 
Published: April 2022

Alors que nous envisageons les manières les plus efficaces d’atteindre la neutralité carbone d’ici 2050, la nature nous offre un laboratoire riche de 3,5 milliards d’années de perfectionnement sur le plan de la consommation d’énergie. Le géomimétisme – le biomimétisme au service du climat – propose ainsi des pistes pour décarboner les procédés industriels (passer d’une industrie thermique à une industrie organique) et renforcer les puits naturels de carbone. Les symbioses entre les êtres vivants sont une clé pour le biomimétisme, que ce soit pour la synthèse de matériaux ou bien pour le cycle de transformation du CO 2 atmosphérique en forme stable et inerte de carbone. Dès lors, il s’agit d’étudier en profondeur ces symbioses et de les mettre à « notre service », dans le but de remplacer les hydrocarbures ou de prévenir de la tentation pour la géoingénierie. Ce qui passe par une véritable politique publique climatique.
Clinique des réformes et réformes de la clinique
Authors: Berton Jacques 
Published: April 2022

Quelle place pour la Clinique dans la succession des réformes qui impactent la formation des travailleurs sociaux ? Cette notion qui tend à disparaître du paysage de la formation a-t-elle toujours « voix au chapitre » ? C’est à travers les notions d’observation, de réflexivité, d’alternance et de groupe de formation que nous essayons de répondre à ces questions avec le souci d’une vigilance renforcée face au mouvement de normalisation en cours, sans pour cela avoir le sentiment de participer d’une idéologie appartenant au passé qu’il serait opportun d’abandonner.
Comment une entreprise peut activer sa communauté
Authors: Lejealle Catherine 
Published: April 2022

Les communautés virtuelles de marque en ligne sont une opportunité pour augmenter la fidélité, l’intention d’achat, la satisfaction mais aussi innover avec les consommateurs. Trois modalités de participation sont possibles (consommer, contribuer ou créer) correspondant à six motivations : divertissement, intégration sociale, identité personnelle, information, rémunération et empowerment. Animer une communauté suppose de comprendre les motivations pour mixer les bénéfices offerts sur le long terme et répondre au défi relationnel que pose le fonctionnement hiérarchique de la marque face aux interactions transverses de la communauté. Le cas retenu est Braineet, une entreprise qui aide ses clients à innover en soumettant leurs problématiques à sa communauté. Mais il faut l’activer en concevant le mix des motivations pertinentes puis penser les modalités d’actions pour favoriser l’innovation sans paraître intrusif. L’analyse du défi relationnel montre que Braineet aide ainsi ses clients à le résoudre.
Perdre ses désillusions
Authors: Servant Benoît 
Published: April 2022

L’auteur expose une configuration clinique particulière, constituée, chez des patients hommes et femmes, par une vision pessimiste et opératoire des relations affectives, sous-tendue par la prégnance d’imagos cruelles et autoritaires. Celles-ci semblent provenir d’une défaillance parentale marquée par une incapacité à assumer ses responsabilités et à respecter les interdits. L’auteur s’appuie alors sur les travaux de J.-L. Donnet, N. Zilkha et P. Denis sur le surmoi pour en proposer une interprétation d’où pourraient se dégager des directions pour la cure. Celles-ci mettraient en particulier en question la place possible de l’humour, mais surtout, pour l’auteur, d’un travail en « côte à côte » qui vise à dégager le sujet des enjeux de toute-puissance, et favoriser une « perte des désillusions ». Un lien est proposé avec l’œuvre de Philip Roth.
« L’inconnu, demain » : la Francophonie pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale
Authors: Mende Silke 
Published: April 2022

Bien que le terme de « Francophonie » soit souvent associé à la politique linguistique de la France à partir des années 1960, elle ne représente aucunement une nouveauté de l’histoire du temps présent. Après avoir résumé très brièvement la genèse de la Francophonie comme projet politique républicain dès le début de la III e République, l’article traite de la Francophonie pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Il s’interroge sur le destin des acteurs et institutions francophones en guerre et en exil, et analyse la rivalité des « deux France » dans le domaine de la politique culturelle et linguistique, notamment dans le contexte de l’empire colonial français. Au prisme de ces discussions se laissent entrevoir les luttes pour un nouvel ordre international d’après-guerre dans laquelle la Francophonie ainsi que la France devront chercher leur place.
Imagination, jugements et émotions
Authors: Le Jallé Éléonore 
Published: April 2022

Dans Upheavals of Thought , Martha Nussbaum considère « notre manière concrète d’imaginer » l’objet d’une émotion, par exemple la personne que je chéris, ou pour laquelle j’éprouve de la compassion, comme un élément « cognitif » additionnel au sein des émotions, elles-mêmes définies en termes de jugements. Dans Love’s Knowledge , elle montre que l’imagination, qu’elle réfère à la phantasia aristotélicienne, et les émotions, sont essentielles au jugement pratique et à la délibération morale. Tout en présentant la manière dont elle articule ainsi imagination, jugements et émotions, je défends l’idée qu’une autre prise en compte du rôle de l’imagination en lien avec les émotions peut permettre d’étayer une conception « non cognitive » des émotions, que l’on peut rapporter à Hume.
Un système alimentaire à transformer
Authors: Alonso-Fradejas Alberto , Fernanda Forero Lyda , Ortega-Espès Delphine , Drago Martín , Chandrasekaran Kirtana 
Published: April 2022

Face à l’agroécologie transformatrice qui induit des changements sociaux et politiques structurels, l’« agroécologie bidon », portée par de grands groupes privés de l’agrobusiness et des organisations intergouvernementales, repeint en vert, moyennant quelques adaptations technologico-écologiques visant des hausses de productivité et l’atténuation des dégâts de l’agro-industrie, un même modèle inique et destructeur qui tend à se perpétuer.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PEDIATRIC COVID-19 IN THE TERTIARY CARE SYSTEM IN THAILAND: COMPARATIVE DELTA AND PRE-DELTA ERA
Authors: Satdhabudha Araya , Chaiyakulsil Chanapai , Sritipsukho Paskorn , Sinlapamongkolkul Phakatip , Chaumrattanakul Utairat , Tangsathapornpong Auchara , Bunjoungmanee Pornumpa , Thaweekula Patcharapa , Kwankuac Amolchaya , Pharadornuwata Onsuthi , Lokanuwatsatiena Tananya , Tantiyavarongd Pichaya , Pranudomrata Pakarat , Mingmalairake Chatchai 
Published: April 2022

Background: Few studies had focused on the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of pediatric COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) during Delta and pre-Delta eras in Asia, despite it being a pandemic.
Objective: To study the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of three waves of pediatric COVID-19 infections in a tertiary-care setting in Thailand.
Methods: This retrospective study reviewed all PCR-confirmed pediatric (0-18 years of age) COVID-19 infections between January 13th, 2020 and October 31st, 2021, in a tertiary care system, Thailand.
Results: There were 1,019 patients, aged 0.02 - 18 years, median age of 9.2 years, with no gender differences. Asymptomatic cases accounted for 35.7%, of which 18.9% had abnormal chest X-ray findings. The majority of cases were classified as having mild clinical symptoms, with only 0.8 and 0.4% developing severe and critical illness, respectively. There were no deaths. The Delta dominant group appeared more transmissible, but we did not see any difference in disease severity. Upper respiratory tract symptoms were predominant, while few cases had lower respiratory signs. The sensitivity and specificity of dyspnea symptoms to predict pneumonia (abnormal chest X-ray) were 14% and 95%, respectively, with a likelihood ratio 3.37. The overall prognosis was good, with only 0.01 % needing respiratory equipment. All cases showed clinical improvement with a decent recovery.
Conclusion: Pediatric COVID-19 during Delta era appeared generally more transmissible but benign. One-fifth of cases had pneumonia, but few cases needed respiratory support. Prevention remains important for disease control.
Keywords: Pediatric, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Delta, Epidemiology
Attitude of complete denture wearers to denture maintenance and recall visits
Authors: Akinboboye Bolanle Oyeyemi , Adenuga-Taiwo Olugbenga Adetokunbo , Ikusika Oluwafeyisayo Adetokunbo , Dosunmu Oluwole O. 
Published: April 2022

Background:
The demand for complete dentures will persist due to population growth and people living longer. The study assessed denture hygiene and maintenance practices over a period of 10 years.

Methods:
This was a 10-year prospective study of individuals rehabilitated with complete dentures. Data on socio-demographics, reasons for denture demand, and causes of tooth loss were retrieved before denture prescription. Data regarding denture maintenance practices, frequency and rationale for recall visits, quality of health, and patients’ perceived overall satisfaction were recorded after dentures had been in use by the participants. Data were collected over the course of review appointments and were retrieved using structured questionnaires based on the American College of Prosthodontists denture care and maintenance guidelines and the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance indicator. Retrieved data were analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics version 21. Level of statistical significance was set at P ≤ 0.05.

Results:
Forty patients with a mean age of 69.5 ± 16.7 years were enrolled in the study. About 63.2% were male, and many (57.9%) were without co-morbidities. Most (68.4%) had dentures replacing both arches. At recall, 15.8% reported brushing dentures with toothpaste and 34.2% slept with dentures. There was a low (25%) compliance with recall appointments. This was mainly (73.3%) due to lack of motivation. Most (68.4%) of participants were satisfied with their dentures.

Conclusion:
The adherence to denture hygiene guidance within the limit of this study among complete denture wearers was found to be good but there was poor adherence to the denture maintenance regime.
Stage Migration in Head-and-Neck Cancers due to Extranodal Extension
Authors: Joseph Deepa , Pandey Laxman , Pasricha Rajesh , Raut Sagar , Yanpothung Yanthan , Ibrahim Ajas , Gupta Manoj 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Extranodal extension (ENE) has been included as a factor for the staging of head-and-neck cancer (HNC) considering its prognostic value.

Aim:
The present study aimed to find out the percentage of patients with HNC getting upstaged because of ENE and their treatment outcome.

Patients and Methods:
A retrospective analysis of all patients with HNC registered in the Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India, between January 2018 and January 2019. American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) criteria were used for defining clinical and radiological ENE. The site, subsite, stage and presence of ENE were documented. The clinical outcome of all these patients was collected and analysed.

Results:
A total of 562 patients were registered with HNC. Among them 45 patients were identified to have ENE (8%). The majority of the cases were oral cavity (44.4%) and oropharyngeal tumours (26.8%). Thirty-three patients had clinically documented ENE and 11 were radiological and one patient had pathological ENE. Among those who got upstaged to N3b disease due to ENE, 29 patients (64.4%) had N2 disease as per the 7th edition AJCC. When stage grouping was considered, 28 patients (62.2%) who got upstaged had stage Isovaleric acidaemia (IVA) disease as per the AJCC 7th Edition. Twelve patients were treated with radical intent and 16 received palliative treatment and rest did not complete the treatment or defaulted. Overall, the outcomes of these patients remained poor.

Conclusion:
A significant proportion of HNC patients got upstaged when ENE was included in the staging. Patients with ENE had a poor prognosis irrespective of the treatment modality.
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
Authors: Khanikar Duncan , Shah Sandip , Garg Akanksha , Patel Kinnari , Shah Kamlesh , Raj Aishwarya , Panchal Harsha , Patel Apurva , Parikh Sonia 
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND:
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare acquired hematological disorder characterized by episodic intravascular hemolysis. Despite newer therapies such as eculizumab, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains the only curative therapy.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
An observational analytical retrospective study was conducted comprising eight PNH patients who had undergone HSCT at our center. From January 2014 to December 2020, we performed HSCT in 8 PNH patients, 5 female and 3 male, with median age of 32 years (range: 15–38 years).

RESULTS:
Seven patients had pancytopenia, associated with marrow hypocellularity. One patient presented with a thrombotic episode. Seven had matched sibling donor (MSD) transplant and one underwent haploidentical transplant. The median time from diagnosis to transplant was 7 months (range: 1–38 months). All received reduced intensity conditioning (RIC): Flu-Bu-Cy-A TG for MSD transplants and Flu-A TG-Post Cy in haploidentical transplants. Median CD34+ stem cell dose was 5.5 × 106/kg (range 3.4–5.8 × 106/kg). All had successful engraftment. Acute graft versus host disease (GVHD) Grade I–III occurred in six patients. Chronic GVHD occurred in two patients. One patient succumbed to Grade III liver GVHD. Rest seven patients are alive till date and transfusion independent. The overall survival was 87.5% at a median of 26 months.

CONCLUSIONS:
HSCT is the only curative therapy for PNH. With the use of RIC, the outcomes of PNH patients can be improved. The incidence of GVHD is high with RIC regimens but can be managed with prompt immunosuppression.
Do Mock Medical Licensure Exams Improve Performance of Graduates? Experience from a Saudi Medical College
Authors: Al-Sheikh Mona Hmoud , Albaker Waleed , Ayub Muhammed Zeeshan 
Published: April 2022

Background:
All medical graduates in Saudi Arabia are required to pass a Saudi Medical Licensure Exam (SMLE) to be able to practice and/or enroll in postgraduate training. Mock exams are a useful preparatory tool, but no study from Saudi Arabia has assessed its impact on performance in the actual licensure examinations.

Objectives:
To evaluate the impact of a series of mock SMLEs with immediate personalized feedback on graduate scores and their performance in the actual SMLE.

Methods:
This retrospective study included medical students who graduated in the 2019-20 academic year from Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia, and undertook mock SMLE exams offered in August 2020. Three mock exams were constructed using the SMLE blueprint and were offered to graduates 1 week apart. Immediately after each exam, a personalized learning outcomes achievement report was sent to each graduate. Exam reliability was measured by the Kuder–Richardson formula, and were 87%, 94%, and 96% for the first, second, and third exam, respectively.

Results:
A total of 71, 70, and 61 students completed the first, second, and third exams, respectively. Across the three mock exams, the mean (±SD) score showed an increasing trend, from 87.6 (±33.4; range: 28–191) in the first test to 93.5 (±45.6, range 15–204) in the second and 96 (±42.6; range: 25–203) in the third. Forty graduates completed all three mock exams; of these, the scores of 25 (62.5%) students significantly improved in both the second and third exams compared to the prior test (P = 0.002). A nonsignificant positive correlation was found between the average mock and the actual SMLE scores for whom data were available (r = 0.29; P = 0.27).

Conclusion:
The performance of graduates improved in subsequent mock exams, and there was a nonsignificant positive correlation between the mock and actual SMLE exam results. This study presents the usefulness of using mock exams as a preparatory tool for licensure examinations in Saudi Arabia.
association of intravenous antispasmodics (hyoscine-N butyl bromide) injection with obstetric lacerations at vaginal delivery
Authors: Adıyeke Mehmet , Yıldırım Karaca Suna 
Published: April 2022

Aim: To study whether hyoscine-N butyl bromide injection affects the incidence of obstetric lacerations at vaginal birth.
Materials and methods: This retrospective cohort study consists of 15806 term pregnant women who undergone vaginal delivery, in Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir between January 2018 and December 2020. Patients who received intravenous injection of Hyoscine-N-butylbromide during the active period of labor were compared with those who did not in terms of the incidence of obstetric laceration.
Results: The data of a total of 9216 deliveries meeting the study criteria were analyzed. Hyoscine-N-butylbromide was used in 4014 of these deliveries(HBD), and it was not used in 5202 of these deliveries. In both primigravid and multigravid patients in the HBD group, the first stage of delivery was found to be shorter than in patients who did not receive spasmolytics(p <0.001).There was no difference between the groups in terms of the second stage of labor. Intravenous injection of Hyoscine-N-butylbromide in the active phase of labor significantly reduced 1st and 2nd degree obstetric lacerations in primigravid patients, but had no effect on 3rd and 4th degree obstetric lacerations.
Conclusion: Hyoscine-N-Butylbromide shortens the active phase of labor and reduces minor obstetric lacerations in primigravid women.