bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic and Binge Alcohol Ingestion Increases Truncated Oxidized Phosphatidylcholines in Mice Lungs Due to Increased Oxidative Stress
Authors: Appolonia Corynn N. , Wolf Kaelin M. , Zawatsky Charles N. , Cinar Resat 
Published: May 2022

Heavy alcohol drinking has negative health effects in multiple organs. It predisposes lungs to inflammatory conditions associated with acute lung injury and increased incidence of pneumonia and sepsis, which may lead to death due to acute respiratory distress syndrome in some individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD). In general, rodent models of alcohol exposure either do not recapitulate multiple organ injuries as seen in humans or require longer duration to establish tissue injury and inflammation. The recently introduced NIAAA model of alcohol-induced liver injury, characterized by a marked increase in steatosis and liver damage with 10 days of a liquid diet containing 5% ethanol followed by a single ethanol binge (5 g/kg). Therefore, we employed this model to explore the status of surfactant phospholipids, oxidative stress, tissue injury markers and inflammatory cytokines in lungs. In lungs of C57BL/6J mice, the alcohol feeding significantly increased levels of the surfactant phospholipid dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) as well as the truncated oxidized phosphatidylcholines palmitoyl oxovaleryl phosphatidyl-choline (POVPC), palmitoyl glutaryl phosphatidyl-choline (PGPC), palmitoyl oxo-nonanoyl phosphatidyl-choline (ALDO-PC), and palmitoyl azelaoyl phosphatidyl-choline (PAzePC) at 9 h post-binge. Additionally, gene expression of the enzymes catalyzing lipid oxidation, such as arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (Alox15), prostaglandin synthase 2 (Ptgs2), Cytochrome P450 2E1 (Cyp2E1) and NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1) were significantly increased. Furthermore, ethanol increased levels of the inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-17 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In conclusion, the NIAAA alcohol feeding model might be suitable to study alcohol-induced lung injury and inflammation.
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus is Well Adapted to Withstand Intestinal Stressors and Modulate the Gut Epithelium
Authors: Glover Janiece S. , Browning Brittney D. , Ticer Taylor D. , Engevik Amy C. , Engevik Melinda A. 
Published: May 2022

Background: The gastrointestinal tract has been speculated to serve as a reservoir for Acinetobacter, however little is known about the ecological fitness of Acinetobacter strains in the gut. Likewise, not much is known about the ability of Acinetobacter to consume dietary, or host derived nutrients or their capacity to modulate host gene expression. Given the increasing prevalence of Acinetobacter in the clinical setting, we sought to characterize how A. calcoaceticus responds to gut-related stressors and identify potential microbe-host interactions.Materials and Methods: To accomplish these aims, we grew clinical isolates and commercially available strains of A. calcoaceticus in minimal media with different levels of pH, osmolarity, ethanol and hydrogen peroxide. Utilization of nutrients was examined using Biolog phenotypic microarrays. To examine the interactions of A. calcoaceticus with the host, inverted murine organoids where the apical membrane is exposed to bacteria, were incubated with live A. calcoaceticus, and gene expression was examined by qPCR.Results: All strains grew modestly at pH 6, 5 and 4; indicating that these strains could tolerate passage through the gastrointestinal tract. All strains had robust growth in 0.1 and 0.5 M NaCl concentrations which mirror the small intestine, but differences were observed between strains in response to 1 M NaCl. Additionally, all strains tolerated up to 5% ethanol and 0.1% hydrogen peroxide. Biolog phenotypic microarrays revealed that A. calcoaceticus strains could use a range of nutrient sources, including monosaccharides, disaccharides, polymers, glycosides, acids, and amino acids. Interestingly, the commercially available A. calcoaceticus strains and one clinical isolate stimulated the pro-inflammatory cytokines Tnf, Kc, and Mcp-1 while all strains suppressed Muc13 and Muc2.Conclusion: Collectively, these data demonstrate that A. calcoaceticus is well adapted to dealing with environmental stressors of the gastrointestinal system. This data also points to the potential for Acinetobacter to influence the gut epithelium.
Cognitive and Neuropsychiatric Features of COVID-19 Patients After Hospital Dismission: An Italian Sample
Authors: Cian Veronica , De Laurenzis Alessandro , Siri Chiara , Gusmeroli Anna , Canesi Margherita 
Published: May 2022

Background and AimsRecent studies suggest cognitive, emotional, and behavioral impairments occur in patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, studies are limited to case reports or case series and, to our knowledge, few of them have control groups. This study aims to assess the prevalence of neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric impairment in patients after hospitalization.MethodsWe enrolled 29 COVID+ patients (M/F: 17/12; age 58.41 ± 10.00 years; education 11.07 ± 3.77 years, 2 left handers) who needed hospitalization but no IC, about 20 days post-dismission, and 29 COVID− healthy matched controls. Neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric assessments were conducted via teleneuropsychology using the following tests: MMSE, CPM47, RAVLT, CDT, Digit-Span Forward/Backward, Verbal fluencies; BDI-II, STAI. People with previous reported cognitive impairment and neurological or psychiatric conditions were excluded. Clinical and demographics were collected. Comparison between groups was conducted using parametric or non-parametric tests according to data distribution (T-test, Mann Withney-U test; Chi-square goodness of fit). Within COVID+ group, we also evaluated the correlation between the cognitive and behavioral assessment scores and clinical variables collected.ResultsAmong COVID+, 62% had at least one pathological test (vs. 13% in COVID−; p = 0.000) and significantly worst performances than COVID− in RAVLT learning (42.55 ± 10.44 vs. 47.9 ± 8.29, p = 0.035), RAVLT recall (8.79 ± 3.13 vs. 10.38 ± 2.19, p = 0.03), and recognition (13.69 ± 1.47 vs. 14.52 ± 0.63, p = 0.07). STAI II was higher in COVID− (32.69 ± 7.66 vs. 39.14 ± 7.7, p = 0.002). Chi-square on dichotomous values (normal/pathological) showed a significant difference between groups in Digit backward test (pathological 7/29 COVID+ vs. 0/29 COVID−; p = 0.005).ConclusionsPatients COVID+ assessed by teleneuropsychology showed a vulnerability in some memory and executive functions (working memory, learning, delayed recall, and recognition). Intriguingly, anxiety was higher in the control group. Our findings therefore confirm the impact of COVID-19 on cognition even in patients who did not need IC. Follow-up is needed to evaluate the evolution of COVID-19-related cognitive deficit.Clinical Trial Registration[ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT05143320].
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 1 Gene Methylation and Panic Disorder Severity: Making the Connection by Brain Gray Matter Volume
Authors: Wu Huiqin , Zhong Yuan , Xu Huazhen , Ding Huachen , Yuan Shiting , Wu Yun , Liu Gang , Liu Na , Wang Chun 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to test the hypothesis that the relationship between glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 1 gene methylation and severity of clinical symptoms of panic disorder (PD) is mediated by the effect of GAD1 gene methylation on gray matter volume (GMV) and the effect of GMV on PD.MethodsPanic disorder (n = 24) patients were recruited consecutively from the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University through outpatient and public advertising, eligible healthy controls (HCs) (n = 22) were recruited from public advertising. We compared GMV and GAD1 gene methylation in PD and HCs to estimate the differences, and on the basis of the relationship between gray matter volumes and GAD1 gene methylation in PD patients was evaluated, the role of GMV as a mediator of GAD1 gene methylation and PD clinical symptoms was analyzed.ResultsPanic disorder patients had significantly lower methylation in the GAD1 promoter region on Cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CPG) 7 than HCs (t = 2.380, p = 0.021). Pearson correlation analysis found a significant negative association between cg171674146 (cg12) site and clinical severity (n = 24, r = −0.456, p = 0.025). Compared to HCs, patients with PD had decreased gray matter volumes in several brain regions, which were also associated with PD severity. Left postcentral gyrus (PoCG) GMV mediated the association between cg12 methylation and PD severity, and there was a significant mediation effect of right angular gyrus (ANG) gray matter volumes on the relationship between cg12 methylation and PD severity.LimitationNo direct results can be derived for methylation patterns in different brain regions; the study is cross-sectional; relatively small size.
Efficiency of Inhaled Cannabidiol in Cannabis Use Disorder: The Pilot Study Cannavap
Authors: Cleirec Grégoire , Desmier Esther , Lacatus Cristina , Lesgourgues Simon , Braun Anais , Peloso Claire , Obadia Chanaëlle 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionCannabidiol (CBD), the second most prevalent cannabinoid found in cannabis, is considered to be safe for use. Studies suggest that CBD may be of benefit in treating cannabis use disorder (CUD). In clinical practice, CBD is already being used by patients who are trying to reduce or stop their cannabis consumption. The aim of this study was to assess the potential of CBD inhaled using a vaping device in CUD.MethodsThis was an exploratory, observational, non-randomized, open-label study conducted at an Addiction Support and Prevention Center in Paris. The primary endpoint was a reduction of at least 50% in the reported number of joints consumed daily at 12 weeks. The participants were given an electronic cigarette along with liquid containing CBD. Nicotine at 6 mg/ml could be added in case of co-consumption of tobacco. They were assessed once a week and the CBD liquid dose was adjusted based on withdrawal signs and cravings (33.3, 66.6 or 100 mg/mL).ResultsBetween November 2020 and May 2021, 20 patients were included and 9 (45%) completed the follow-up. All of the participants used tobacco, and were provided a liquid with nicotine. At 12 weeks, 6 patients (30%) had reduced their daily cannabis consumption by at least 50%. The mean number of joints per day was 3, compared to 6.7 at baseline. The mean amount of CBD inhaled per day was 215.8 mg. No symptomatic treatment for cannabis withdrawal was prescribed. Mild adverse effects attributable to CBD and not requiring the prescription of any medicines were reported in a few patients.ConclusionThis research provides evidence in favor of the use of CBD in CUD. It also highlights the benefits of inhalation as the route of CBD administration in patients who use cannabis: inhalation can allow users to self-titrate CBD based on their withdrawal symptoms and cravings. This study illustrates the interest of proposing an addictological intervention targeting at the same time tobacco and cannabis dependence in users who are co-consumers. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial is needed to assess the efficacy of inhaled CBD in CUD.Study registration number (IDRCB) issued by the ANSM (Agence nationale de sécurité du médicament et des produits de santé—French National Agency for Medicines and Health Products Safety): 2018-A03256-49. This study received IEC approval from the CPP Sud-Ouest et Outre-Mer 1 (South-West and Overseas 1 IEC) on 15/06/2020 (CPP 1-19-041/ID 3012).
Using Digital Platform Approach to Reduce Salt Intake in a Sample of UAE Population: An Intervention Study
Authors: Jarrar Amjad H. , Al Dhaheri Ayesha S. , Lightowler Helen , Cheikh Ismail Leila , Al-Meqbaali Fatima , Bataineh Mo'ath F. , Alhefeiti Aseilah , Albreiki Maithah , Albadi Nouf , Alkaabi Salama , Thondre Pariyarath S. 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading causes of mortality globally, accounting for more deaths than all other causes combined. World Health Organization launched its initiative in 2013 to reduce the intake of salt, the number of countries that have national sodium reduction strategies reached to 89 countries in 2017. In 2020, a study conducted in UAE showed more than 65% of the population exceeded WHO recommendations for salt intake. This study aimed to measure effectiveness of using digital platform approach to deliver educational materials to facilitate salt reduction in a sample of UAE population.MethodsA controlled parallel intervention study was conducted in 2020. A sample of 121 participants completed the study and fulfilled the inclusion criteria with female to male ratio of (0.95:1.05). Participants were distributed randomly into three groups Control group, WhatsApp group, and Electronic Brochures group. Educational materials were distributed among participants of WhatsApp and Electronic brochures groups for 6-weeks. 24-h urinary excretion for sodium, potassium and creatinine, were measured in addition to KAP questionnaire and physical activity on two occasions at baseline and endpoint after 10-weeks (6-weeks of educational intervention).ResultsBoth intervention groups showed a reduction in sodium with 278 mg (p &lt; 0.001) for WhatsApp group (n = 41) and 169 mg (p &lt; 0.018) for Electronic brochures group (n = 41), while Control group didn't show any significant change. Moreover, the percentage of participants exceeding WHO recommendation of sodium intake was significantly reduced at the end of intervention, (p = 0.004). WhatsApp group was more efficient in the percentage of reduction of participants exceeding WHO recommendation compared with baseline, with p = 0.023. A significant reduction in the practice toward adding salt during cooking, use of table salt, adding salt before tasting the foods and use of chicken stocks for both intervention groups was noted with p &lt; 0.05. Intervention groups showed a significant improvement (p &lt; 0.001) in Food and Health related knowledge after 6-weeks of intervention.ConclusionThe digital platform approach such as WhatsApp and Electronic Brochure were effective in salt reduction. This study proves that UAE population is ready to reduce salt intake with appropriate education materials and easy delivery approach.
Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Therapy for Drug-Induced Gingival Overgrowth: A Report of Two Case Series
Authors: Liu Yumei , Peng Qian , Liu Binjie , Wang Zhibin , Cao Qiong 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundDrug-induced gingival overgrowth is common but neglected in patients with systemic disease medications until it seriously affects the quality of life.MethodsInitial periodontal treatment, combined with water laser surgery, was performed sequentially in two cases.ResultsThe therapeutic effect was good, and there was no recurrence along with good oral hygiene.ConclusionWater laser equipment surgery, as well as initial periodontal treatment, required that surgeons are trained specifically. A tool was devised for various oral diseases, and it was safer, more efficient and more comfortable than others.
How parents and children evaluate emollients for childhood eczema: a qualitative study
Authors: Sutton Eileen , Shaw Alison RG , Ridd Matthew J , Santer Miriam , Roberts Amanda , Baxter Helen , Williams Hywel C , Banks Jonathan 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundEczema affects one in five children in the UK. Regular application of emollients is routinely recommended for children with eczema. There are four main emollient types, but no clear evidence of which is best. The current ‘trial and error’ approach to find suitable emollients can be frustrating for parents, children, and clinicians.AimTo identify how parents and children experience and evaluate emollients.Design and settingQualitative interview study, nested within a primary care trial of emollients (Best Emollients for Eczema [BEE] trial).MethodSemi-structured interviews with children with eczema and their parents were conducted. Participants were purposively sampled on emollient type (lotion, cream, gel, or ointment), age, and eczema severity.ResultsForty-four parents were interviewed, with children participating in 24 of those interviews. There was no clear preference for any one emollient type. The strongest theme was the variation of experience in each of the four types. Participants focused on thickness and absorbency, both positively and negatively, to frame their evaluations. Effectiveness and acceptability were both considered when evaluating an emollient but effectiveness was the primary driver for continued use. For some, participating in the trial had changed their knowledge and behaviour of emollients, resulting in use that was more regular and for a longer duration.ConclusionThere is no one emollient that is suitable for everyone, and parents/children prioritise different aspects of emollients. Future research could evaluate decision aids and/or tester pots of different types, which could enable clinicians and parents/children to work collaboratively to identify the best emollient for them.
Healthy life expectancy of people over age 65: results of the Russian epidemiological study EVCALIPT
Authors: Папанова Е.К. , Воробьева Н.М. , Котовская Ю.В. , Ткачева О.Н. , Овчарова Л.Н. , Селезнева Е.В. 
Published: May 2022

Состояние здоровья населения является важным показателем не только общего благополучия населения, но имеет и практическую значимость, так как определяет расходы на обеспечение ухода за пожилыми людьми, социальную и медицинскую помощь. В исследовании представлена оценка ожидаемой продолжительности жизни лиц старше 65 лет и сопоставление полученных результатов с данными выборочных обследований населения в России и странах Европы. Также приводится оценка ожидаемой продолжительности жизни без ограничений базовой и инструментальной активности.
Population health is an important indicator of the general well-being of the population, and it has it’s practical significance, as it determines the costs of providing care, social and medical assistance for the elderly. The study presents an assessment of healthy life expectancy indicators of people over age 65 based on the results of the Russian epidemiological study EVCALIPT and a comparison of this results with data from other surveys in Russia and European countries.
Influence of age of patients with bronchopulmonary pathology on low-molecular DNA concentration in blood plasma
Authors: Васильева И.Н. , Иванов С.Д. 
Published: May 2022

Цель работы - определение концентрации низкомолекулярной ДНК (нмДНК) плазмы крови (нмДНК) у пациентов с ХОБЛ и хроническим необструктивным бронхитом (ХНБ) двух возрастных групп - 34-59 и 60-80 лет. Уровень нмДНК у здоровых доноров, больных ХНБ и здоровых родственников больных ХОБЛ в этих возрастных группах достоверно не различался. По сравнению с донорами, концентрации нмДНК у больных ХОБЛ были значительно ниже. Вместе с тем, у больных 34- 59 лет c ХОБЛ уровень нмДНК был снижен более чем в 5 раз по сравнению с величиной биохимического показателя у одновозрастных здоровых родственников, но к 60-80 годам у больных значения биохимического параметра повышались и достоверно не различались в обследованных возрастных группах. Редукция нмДНК при ХОБЛ отражала сниженную системную апоптозную активность в организме больных. Значимые различия концентрации нмДНК у пациентов 34-59 лет с ХОБЛ и ХНБ в состоянии ремиссии могут быть использованы для дифференциальной диагностики развития этих патологических процессов. До 60-80 лет доживают больные ХОБЛ, у кого уровень нмДНК достигает такового у здоровых одновозрастных родственников, что может свидетельствовать об участии эпигенетических механизмов в процессе старения.
The aim of the work was to determine the concentration of low-molecular-weight plasma DNA (lmDNA) in patients with COPD and chronic non-obstructive bronchitis (CnonB) of two age groups - 34-59 and 60-80 years. The levels of lmDNA in healthy donors, patients with CnonB, healthy relatives of patients with COPD did not differ, while the concentration of lmDNA in patients with COPD was significantly lower. In COPD patients aged 34-59 years, the level of lmDNA was reduced by more than 7 times, and in COPD patients who survived to 60-80 years, it was 3 times lower compared to the value of this biochemical indicator in healthy donors of the same age. The reduction of lmDNA reflected a reduced systemic apoptotic activity in the body of patients with COPD. A significant difference in the concentration of lmDNA in patients with COPD and CnonB in remission can be used for differential diagnosis of the development of these pathological processes. An increase in the low level of lmDNA in COPD patients during aging may indicate the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in life extension.
Motivational interviewing of older patients to participate in self-management programs for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Куколь Л.В. , Обрезан А.Г. , Пупышев А.В. 
Published: May 2022

Цель работы - создание методики отбора пожилых пациентов с высокой степенью мотивации к управлению своим заболеванием при ХОБЛ. Разработан алгоритм оценки мотивации пациента, состоящий из двух шагов - мотивационного интервью и расчета мотивационного потенциала (МП). Интервью проводили с использованием анкеты, состоящей из четырех блоков. МП рассчитывают как сумму вкладов влияния блоков с выбранными весовыми коэффициентами. Результаты оценки МП позволяют стратифицировать пациентов для участия в программах самоуправления на три психотипа: мотивированные (МП≥0,5), немотивированные (МП≤0,25) и неопределившиеся (0,25<МП<0,5). Для определения МП были проинтервьюированы 144 пациента с ХОБЛ: 111 мужчин (средний возраст - 68,5±4,6 года) и 33 женщины (средний возраст - 71,2±3,4 года), min - 60 лет, max - 75 лет; средняя продолжительность заболевания - 5,48±1,2 года. У 117 пациентов была III стадия ХОБЛ, у 27 - II. Получено, что значение МП, равное 0,5 и более, имеют 49 (34 %) пациентов, МП 0,25-0,5 - 76 (52,8 %), а 19 (13,2 %) отнесены к немотивированным пациентам (МП≤0,25). Предложенный алгоритм оценки МП отличается простотой отбора пожилых пациентов для реализации программ самоуправления при ХОБЛ.
The aim of this work is to create a methodology for the selection of older patients with a high degree of motivation to manage their disease in COPD. An algorithm for assessing the patient’s motivation has been developed, consisting of 2 steps: a motivational interview and a calculation of motivational potential (MP). The interview is conducted using a questionnaire consisting of 4 blocks. Motivational potential is calculated as the sum of the influence contributions of blocks with selected weighting coefficients. The results of the MP potential assessment allow stratifying patients for participation in self-management programs into 3 psychotypes: motivated (MP≥0,5), unmotivated (MP≤0,25) and undecided (0,25≤MP≤0,5). To determine MP, 144 patients with COPD were interviewed: 111 men, mean age 68,5±4,6; women - 33, mean age 71,2±3,4 (minimum - 60 years, maximum - 75 years). The average duration of the disease was 5,48±1,2 years. 117 patients had stage 3 COPD, 27 patients had stage 2. It was found that 49/34 % of patients have MT of 0.5 or more, 76/52,8 % have 0,25 to 0,5, and 19/13,2 % are unmotivated patients (MT<0,25). The proposed algorithm for assessing the motivational potential is distinguished by the simplicity of selecting elderly patients for the implementation of self-management programs in COPD.