bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified Preauricular Transparotid Approach for Treating Mandibular Condylar Fractures
Authors: Arcuri Francesco , Ferri Andrea , Bianchi Bernardo , Laganà Francesco 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY We introduce a technical variant of the standard preauricular approach to treat intracapsular and condylar neck fractures: the modified preauricular transparotid approach (MPTA). The main modification, when compared with the conventional submandibular approach, is that the incision of the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) is performed directly above the parotid gland and the buccal branch of the facial nerve is dissected in a retrograde way within the parotid gland. CASE SERIES Between January 2019 and December 2020 at the Maxillofacial Departments of “Ospedale Maggiore” of Parma and “Policlinico San Martino” of Genoa 6 patients affected affected by intracapsular and condylar neck fractures underwent open reduction and internal with MPTA. Surgery was uneventful in all patients; no infections occurred in any of the cases; the mean procedure duration was 85 minutes, ranging from 75 to 115 minutes. At the 1-year follow-up, all patients had stable occlusion with a natural, well-balanced morphology of the face and adequate dynamic excursion of the mandible. CONCLUSION MPTA is particularly suited for intracapsular and condylar neck fractures Morbidity is negligible in terms of damage to the facial nerve, vascular injuries, and aesthetic deformity.
Vanadium oxide-doped laser-induced graphene multi-parameter sensor to decouple soil nitrogen loss and temperature
Authors: Yang Li , Yan Jiayi , Meng Chuizhou , Dutta Ankan , Chen Xue , Xue Ye , Niu Guangyu , Wang Ya , Du Shuaijie , Cheng Huanyu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Monitoring nitrogen utilization efficiency and soil temperature in agricultural systems for timely intervention is essential to monitor crop health, promote sustainable and precision agriculture, and reduce environmental pollution. Therefore, it is of vital significance to develop a multi-parameter sensor for effectively and accurately decoupled detection of nitrogen loss and soil temperature, which is yet to be reported. Herein, this work presents a high-performance multi-parameter sensor based on vanadium oxide (VOX)-doped laser-induced graphene (LIG) foam to completely decouple nitrogen oxides (NOX) and temperature. By exploiting the laser-assisted synthesis, the highly porous 3D VOX-doped LIG foam composite is readily obtained by laser scribing of vanadium sulfide (V5S8)-doped block copolymer and phenolic resin self-assembled films. Compared with the intrinsic LIG, the heterojunction formed at the LIG/VOX interface provides the sensor with a significantly enhanced response to NOX and an ultralow limit of detection (LOD) of 3 ppb at room temperature. Meanwhile, the sensor can accurately detect temperature over a wide linear range of 10–110℃ with a small detection limit of 0.2℃. The encapsulation of the sensor with a soft membrane further allows for temperature sensing without being affected by NOX, presenting an effective strategy to decouple nitrogen loss and soil temperature for accurate soil environmental monitoring. The sensor without encapsulation but operated at elevated temperature removes the influences of ambient relative humidity and temperature variations for accurate NOX measurements. The capability to simultaneously detect ultra-low NOX concentrations and small temperature changes paves the way for the development of future multimodal electronic devices with decoupled sensing mechanisms for health monitoring and precision agriculture.
Disability-adjusted life-years and mortality rate for colorectal cancer due to dietary risk in Middle East and North African from 1990–2019
Authors: Darbandi Mitra , Shadmani Fatemeh Khosravi , Hamzeh Behrooz , Ghalandari Mojtaba , Pasdar Yahya 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) in low-income and middle-income countries, there is an increasing trend. This study aimed to estimate the burden of CRC attributable to dietary risk in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.
Method
The GBD 2019 estimation methods were used to age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019 and over the past three decades. We evaluated the 30-year trend of DALYs and mortality rate of CRC due to dietary risk, from 1990 to 2019 by sex and age groups, in 21 countries of MENA region.
Results
The rate of DALYs/100,000 due to dietary risk for CRC in 2019 was 79.71 (95% CI: 56.79, 98.44) and 65.16(95% CI: 45.86, 80.95) in men and women, respectively. The percent changes of DALYs/100,000 in men and women was 8.15% and 2.50% between 1990 and 2019, respectively. The Percent changes of ASMR in men and women were 8.32% and 3.44%, respectively. The highest DALYs and ASMR were observed in the age group of 75–79 and above for both sexes. The highest percent changes of DALYs/100,000 and ASMR was observed in Afghanistan, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan and Yemen from 1990 to 2019.
Conclusion
The DALYs and ASMR attributed to dietary risk for CRC has increased in 21 countries of the MENA regions from 1990 to 2019. Dietary modification with increasing fiber, dairy products and reducing red meat intake are highly recommended strategies in preventing CRC.
Perceptions on acceptability of the 2016 WHO ANC model among the pregnant women in Phalombe District, Malawi – a qualitative study using Theoretical Framework of Acceptability
Authors: Nyumwa Prince , Bula Agatha Kapatuka , Nyondo-Mipando Alinane Linda 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundWorld Health Organization introduced a new model of care, ‘The 2016 WHO ANC Model’ to overcome challenges encountered during the implementation of Focused Antenatal Care Approach. For any new intervention to achieve its objective, it has to be widely accepted by both the deliverers and recipients of that intervention. Malawi rolled out the model in 2019 without carrying out acceptability studies. The objective of this study was to explore the perceptions of the acceptability of 2016 WHO’s ANC model among pregnant women in Phalombe District, Malawi using the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability. MethodologyWe conducted a descriptive qualitative study between May and August 2021. We used the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability to guide the development of study objectives, data collection tools, and data analysis. We purposively conducted 21 in-depth interviews (IDIs) among pregnant women, postnatal mothers, a safe motherhood coordinator and Antenatal care (ANC) clinic midwives and two focus group discussion (FGDs) among Disease Control and Surveillance Assistants. All IDIs and FGDs were conducted in Chichewa, digitally recorded, and simultaneously transcribed and translated into English. Data were analysed manually using content analysis. ResultsThe model is acceptable among most pregnant women and they reckoned that it would help reduce maternal and neonatal deaths. The major enabling factors for the acceptability of the model were the presence of support from husbands, peers, and health care providers. The major challenge was attendance to the increased number of ANC contacts which resulted in fatigue and increased transportation cost incurred by the women. ConclusionPregnant women have accepted the model despite facing numerous challenges. There is a need to strengthen the enabling factors and address the bottlenecks in the implementation of the model. Furthermore, the model should be widely publicised so that both intervention deliverers and recipients of care implement the model as intended. These will in turn help to achieve the model’s aim of improving maternal and neonatal outcomes and creating a positive experience with health care among pregnant women and adolescent girls.
Proteolysis of Vaginally Administered Bovine Lactoferrin: Clearance, Inter-Subject Variability, and Implications for Clinical Dosing
Authors: Hopp Thomas P. , Matthews Maura-Ann H. , Spiewak Klaudyna , Athanasiou Zafeiria , Blackmore Richard S. , Gelbfish Gary A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis report describes proteolytic fragmentation and clearance of bovine lactoferrin (bLF) upon intravaginal administration in premenopausal women. Solid dose tablet formulations (MTbLF) progressed through 3 phases, Pre-dissolution, Dissolution, and Washout over a 30-hour time course. Tablets dissolved slowly, replenishing intact 80 kDa bLF in vaginal fluid (VF) as proteolysis occurred. bLF was initially cleaved approximately in half between its N- and C-lobes, then degraded into sub-fragments and small peptides. The extent of proteolysis was approximately 10–20% and concentrations of both 80 kDa bLF and smaller fragments decreased in VF with a similar time course suggesting washout and not proteolysis was the main clearance mechanism. Polyacrylamide gels, western blots, and HPLC analysis demonstrated the N-lobe 37 kDa fragment and C-lobe 43 kDa fragment were common to all subjects. These fragments possessed full sets of iron-ligand amino acids, providing iron sequestering activity in addition to that from intact bLF. Experiments with protease inhibitors inex vivoVF digests suggested an acid protease was at least partially responsible for bLF cleavage. However, digestion with commercial pepsin orin vivoin the human stomach, demonstrated distinctly different patterns of fragments compared to vaginal proteolysis. Furthermore, the 3.1 kDa antimicrobial peptide lactoferricin B was not detected in VF. This suggests pepsin-like acid proteases are not responsible for vaginal proteolysis of bLF. Despite this proteolysis, these results support bLF as a nutritional-immunity treatment for bacterial vaginosis or other vaginal conditions by maintaining an iron-depleted environment favoring lactobacilli over pathogenic species.
Iron Acetate Solution Prepared from Steel Wool and Vinegar for Ebonizing Wood
Authors: Thompson Robert Q. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Woodworkers darken wood by reacting iron in solution with tannins in the wood to form blue-black phenolate complexes, a process called ebonizing. According to the literature, the darkness and color are controlled by the tannin concentration (higher, darker) and the counterion of iron (acetate, darker). Iron acetate is not readily available, so woodworkers prepare it in the woodshop by reacting steel wool and vinegar. This reaction was studied. Products were ferrous acetate Fe(CH3COO)2.4H2O (and H2) and subsequently basic iron acetate [Fe3O(C2H3O2)​6(H2O)3](CH3COO) by air oxidation, giving a red-colored solution. Both inorganic phosphate and air (O2) were required for maximal reaction rate. A volume of 85 mL of distilled white vinegar per gram of super fine (#0000) aged steel wool provided a final reaction mixture with fully dissolved steel and no precipitated products. Maximal darkening of cherry and red oak wood with minimal application of iron solution was attained by applying a 0.125 M iron acetate solution at a rate of 1 mL per 125 cm2 of wood surface. A protocol for creating and using an iron acetate ebonizing solution is described and was demonstrated to be a much-improved version of the one currently promoted in the woodworking literature.
Survival Prediction in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Khalili Hosseinali , Rismani Maziyar , Nematollahi Mohammad Ali , Masoudi Mohammad Sadegh , Asadollahi Arefeh , Taheri Reza , Pourmontaseri Hossein , Valibeygi Adib , Roshanzamir Mohamad , Alizadehsani Roohallah , Niakan Amin , Andishgar Aref , Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful , Acharya U. Rajendra 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Predicting treatment outcomes in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients is challenging worldwide. The present study aimed to achieve the most accurate machine learning algorithms to predict the outcomes of TBI treatment by evaluating demographic features, laboratory data, imaging indices, and clinical features. We used data from 3347 patients admitted to a tertiary trauma centre in Iran from 2016 to 2021. After the exclusion of incomplete data, 1653 patients remained. We used machine learning algorithms such as Random Forest (RF) and Decision Tree (DT) with ten-fold cross-validation to develop the best prediction model. Our findings reveal that among different variables included in this study, the motor component of the Glasgow Coma Scale, condition of pupils, and condition of cisterns were the most reliable features for predicting in-hospital mortality, while the patients’ age takes the place of cisterns condition when considering the long-term survival of TBI patients. Also, we found that the RF algorithm is the best model to predict the short-term mortality of TBI patients. However, the generalized linear model (GLM) algorithm had the best performance (with an accuracy rate of 82.03 ± 2.34) in predicting the long-term survival of patients. Our results showed that using appropriate markers, and machine learning algorithms can provide a reliable prediction of TBI patients’ survival in the short- and long-term with reliable and easily accessible features of patients.
Utility of Diffusion Weighted Imaging-Based Radiomics Nomogram to Predict Pelvic Lymph Nodes Metastasis in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Liu Xiang , Tian Jingyi , Wu Jingyun , Zhang Yaofeng , Wang Xiangpeng , Zhang Xiaodong , Wang Xiaoying 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Preoperative pelvic lymph node metastasis (PLNM) prediction can help clinicians determine whether to perform pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND). The purpose of this research is to explore the feasibility of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-based radiomics for preoperative PLNM prediction in PCa patients at the nodal level.
Methods
The preoperative MR images of 1116 pathologically confirmed lymph nodes (LNs) from 84 PCa patients were enrolled. The subjects were divided into a primary cohort (67 patients with 192 positive and 716 negative LNs) and a held-out cohort (17 patients with 43 positive and 165 negative LNs) at a 4:1 ratio. Two preoperative pelvic lymph node metastasis (PLNM) prediction models were constructed based on automatic LN segmentation with quantitative radiological LN features alone (Model 1) and combining radiological and radiomics features (Model 2) via multiple logistic regression. The visual assessments of junior (Model 3) and senior (Model 4) radiologists were compared.
Results
No significant difference was found between the area under the curve (AUCs) of Models 1 and 2 (0.89 vs. 0.90; P = 0.573) in the held-out cohort. Model 2 showed the highest AUC (0.83, 95%CI: 0.76, 0.89) for PLNM prediction in the LN subgroup with a short diameter ≤ 10 mm compared with Model 1 (0.78, 95%CI: 0.70, 0.84), Model 3 (0.66, 95%CI: 0.52, 0.77), and Model 4 (0.74, 95%CI: 0.66, 0.88). The nomograms of Models 1 and 2 yielded C-index values of 0.804 and 0.910, respectively, in the held-out cohort. The C-index of the nomogram analysis (0.91) and decision curve analysis (DCA) curves confirmed the clinical usefulness and benefit of Model 2.
Conclusions
A DWI-based radiomics nomogram incorporating the LN radiomics signature with quantitative radiological features is promising for PLNM prediction in PCa patients, particularly for normal-sized LNM.
A nomogram to predict the individual outcomes of spindle cell sarcoma originated in limbs
Authors: Sun Menghao , Ji Xiaoxiao , Hong Jianqiao , Li Congsun , Wang Jie , Yan Shigui , Shi Mingmin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background Spindle cell sarcoma is a relatively rare type of sarcoma that mostly originates in soft tissues, but it tends to grow rapidly, and its clinical treatment is a major challenge. From previous reports in the literature, this type of sarcoma has a high proportion of cases affecting the limbs, and research on this topic has potential clinical value. The present study developed a nomogram to effectively predict the survival of patients and analyse the independent prognostic factors of primary limb spindle cell sarcoma.Methods The clinical information of 748 primary limb spindle cell sarcoma patients was obtained from the SEER database. After applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 542 patients were included in our study, and they were divided into a training group and a validation group at a ratio of 2:1. The X-tile program was used to determine the best cut-off point for age and tumour size. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine independent prognostic factors, and the training group data were used to construct a nomogram to predict patients’ overall survival and cancer-specific survival. The training cohort data were used for internal verification of the nomogram, and the validation cohort data were used for external verification of the nomogram. The C index was used to calculate the predictive performance of the nomogram. Additionally, we built an online forecasting website.Results The primary limb spindle cell sarcoma has high proportion of all spindle cell sarcoma, and it may have potential associations with pathologic fractures, then marital status, age, historic stage, tumour size and surgical type were identified as five independent prognostic factors, and combined with these factors, a nomogram was constructed for predicting 5-year and 10-year overall survival rates and cancer-specific survival rates. The overall survival rate and tumour-specific survival rate prediction internal validation consistency index (C index) was 0.824 (95% CI 0.794-0.854) and 0.854 (95% CI 0.825-0.883), while the externally validated C index was 0.765 (95% CI 0.706-0.824) and 0.766 (95% CI 0.700-0.832), respectively. Additionally, in order to make the nomogram more convenient and accurate, an online website was created where after entering basic clinical information. The website can help clinicians provide guidance to patients who have these rare sarcomas.Conclusions The nomogram constructed for primary limb spindle cell sarcoma can predict the survival of these patients.
Association between masseter muscle sarcopenia and postoperative pneumonia in patients with esophageal cancer
Authors: Kamada Teppei , Ohdaira Hironori , Ito Eisaku , Takahashi Junji , Nakashima Keigo , Nakaseko Yuichi , Suzuki Norihiko , Yoshida Masashi , Eto Ken , Suzuki Yutaka 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Sarcopenia affects the swallowing and chewing muscles, such as the masseter muscle. However, the significance of masseter muscle atrophy in pneumonia remains unclear. We investigated the effects of masseter muscle sarcopenia (MMS) on postoperative pneumonia in patients with esophageal cancer.
Methods
In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed the data of 86 patients who underwent esophagectomy for stage I–III esophageal cancer at our hospital between March 2013 and October 2021. The primary endpoint was postoperative pneumonia within 3 months of surgery. MMS was defined as a (1) masseter muscle index (MMI) that was less than the sex-specific cohort median value and (2) sarcopenia diagnosed using the L3-psoas muscle index (L3-PMI).
Results
Postoperative pneumonia was noted in 27 (31.3%) patients. In multivariate analysis, FEV1.0<1.5 L (odds ratio, OR:10.7; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.49–76.2; p = 0.018), RLNP (OR: 4.99; 95%CI: 1.40–17.7; p = 0.013), and MMS (OR: 7.13; 95%CI: 1.23–41.1; p = 0.028) were independent risk factors for postoperative pneumonia. The overall survival was significantly worse in patients with pneumonia (log-rank: p = 0.01) than in those without pneumonia.
Conclusions
Preoperative MMS may serve as a predictor of postoperative pneumonia in patients with esophageal cancer.
Choroidal thickness as a possible predictor of non-response to intravitreal bevacizumab for macular edema after retinal vein occlusion
Authors: Aljundi Wissam Dr. , Gradinger Florian Mr. , Langenbucher Achim Prof. , Sideroudi Haris Mrs. , Seitz Berthold Prof. , Abdin Alaa Din Dr. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
To evaluate outcomes of intravitreal bevacizumab treating macular edema (ME) after retinal vein occlusion (RVO) following PRN (pro re nata) regimen and investigate potential predictors of non-response. Retrospective analysis of 126 treatment-naive eyes with ME after RVO. Eyes were treated initially with bevacizumab intravitreal injections (IVIs) of 1.25 mg/ml. Therapy was switched in case of non-response. Outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT), which were recorded over 4 years of treatment. BCVA improved significantly during first 2 years. CMT decreased significantly during the 4-year follow-up period. Switching was required in 42 eyes (33%). 34 eyes (26.9%) were switched to intravitreal steroids, while 8 eyes (6.3%) were switched to other anti-VEFG due to diagnosed glaucoma. Switching occurred after 12.4±8.3 months after an average of 8±4.1 bevacizumab IVIs. Compared with the treatment-responsive group, the treatment-unresponsive group had significantly worse BCVA, higher CMT and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) at baseline. Treatment with intravitreal bevacizumab following PRN regimen showed significant functional and anatomic improvement in patients with ME after RVO. A therapy switching was required in more than one third of eyes. Higher SFCT at baseline could be considered as predictor for non-response to such therapy.
Riemann-Hilbert problems and soliton solutions for the reverse space-time nonlocal Sasa-Satsuma equation
Authors: Zhang Wen-Xin , Liu Yaqing , Chen Xin , Zeng Shijie 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the reverse space-time nonlocal Sasa-Satsuma equation is introduced from the coupled SasaSatsuma system via the specific solution constraint. Soliton and multisolitons solutions of the reverse spacetime nonlocal Sasa-Satsuma equation are derived through the following steps: 1) The inverse scattering transform method of the coupled Sasa-Satsuma system is carried out, and then the solutions for the system are obtained through solving the established Riemann-Hilbert problems; 2) The symmetry relations of discrete eigenvalues and eigenvectors for the reverse space-time nonlocal Sasa-Satsuma equation are analyzed under the specific solution constraint; 3) Based on the symmetry constraints, the one-soliton and two-soliton solutions are derived, and their dynamics is investigated. Finally, asymptotic analysis of two-soliton solutions for the reverse space-time nonlocal Sasa-Satsuma equation is used to study. The results shown some interesting physical feature and mathematical properties, which might be useful to comprehend nonlocal nonlinear system.2010 MSC: 35Q51, 37K40