bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Significance of hematologic abnormalities in COVID-19 severity among infected patients in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Amoo Olufemi S. , Onyia Ngozi , Onuigbo Tochukwu I. , Vitalis Stephanie U. , Davies-Bolorunduro Olabisi F. , Oraegbu Joy I. , Adeniji Esther T. , Obi Josephine C. , Abodunrin Olusola N. , Ikemefuna Amaka S. , Adegbola Richard A. , Audu Rosemary A. , Salako Babatunde L. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
There have been suggestions that hematologic abnormalities in COVID-19 are linked with the progression and severity of diseases and mortality. Lymphopenia, sepsis, and thrombocytopenia were highly reported in patients with COVID-19. This study investigated the significance of hematologic abnormalities in patients with COVID-19 in Lagos, Nigeria, and its potential as a diagnostic tool for COVID-19 severity.

Results
This was a retrospective observational study with a total of 340 patients with COVID-19 (236 patients included in the analysis). These patients were categorized into two groups, comprising 71 patients with severe COVID-19 (SCP) and 165 patients with non-severe COVID-19 (NSCP). The majority were males in both categories (SCP 74.6% and NSCP 63.6%). The mean ± SD ages for SCP and NSCP were 52.28 ± 16.87 and 42.44 ± 17.18 years, respectively. The SCP (52.1%) and NSCP (20.0%) had underlying health conditions. The SCP exhibited significantly higher neutrophil counts (P < 0.05) and significantly lower mean hemoglobin, red blood cell (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), and lymphocyte values (P < 0.05). Anemia and lymphocytopenia were more prominent in the SCP group than in the NSCP group (P < 0.05). Hemoglobin, RBC, PCV, and lymphocytes were inversely correlated with age-group in the SCP, while only lymphocytes and platelets were inversely correlated with age-group in the NSCP. The highest area under the ROC curve (AUC) for neutrophils was 0.739 with a sensitivity of 62.0% and specificity of 80.0%, while white blood cells had an AUC of 0.722 with a sensitivity of 73.2% and specificity of 61.2%. The AUC for neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was 0.766 with a sensitivity of 63.3% and specificity of 83.5%, while that for the platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR) was 0.695 with a sensitivity and specificity of 61.7% and 77.8%.

Conclusions
COVID-19 affected the levels of hemoglobin, RBC, PCV, and lymphocytes in the blood, and the differences were significant between the SCP and NSCP. The significant changes in neutrophil and lymphocyte counts may be useful in the prognosis and management of COVID-19 severity in hospital settings. Furthermore, NLR and PLR may be used in the prognosis and management of severe COVID-19 infection, as well as provide an objective basis for early identification and management in low-resource settings.
Chlorogenic acid attenuates pro-inflammatory response in the blood of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Lee Youngchan , Bae Chun-Sik , Ahn Taeho 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) has been shown to reduce pro-inflammation by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effect of CGA was expanded to streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The inter-relationships among oxidative stress, pro-inflammation, and cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A enzymes were also investigated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of STZ-diabetic rats.

Results
The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, increased by approximately 3.4- and 2.9-fold, respectively, and the albumin concentration decreased in the serum of STZ-induced diabetic rats compared to normal rats. The C-reactive protein (CRP) values also increased by about 3.8-fold higher, indicating that STZ induced an inflammation in the blood of STZ-diabetic rats. The expression levels and catalytic activities of CYP1A enzymes were elevated by approximately 2.2–2.5- and 4.3–6.7-fold, respectively, in the PBMC of STZ-treated rats. A decrease in the amount of PBMC-bound albumin was also observed. In contrast, the levels of cytokines and CRP in serum and the activities of CYP1A enzymes in PBMC were significantly reduced in CGA-treated diabetic rats in a CGA concentration-dependent manner. In addition, STZ-mediated elevation of ROS in serum and PBMC was decreased by the CGA administration. However, the CGA treatment did not change the enhanced blood glucose level and expression of CYP1A enzymes by STZ. STZ-mediated decrease in the levels of serum and PBMC-bound albumin was not also restored by the CGA administration.

Conclusions
These results suggest that CGA could be used to treat type 1 diabetes-induced inflammation.
Thermal photonics with broken symmetries
Authors: Liu Tianji , Guo Cheng , Li Wei , Fan Shanhui 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNanophotonic engineering provides an effective platform to manipulate thermal emission on-demand, enabling unprecedented heat management superior to conventional bulk materials. Amongst a plethora of nanophotonic structures, symmetries play an important role in controlling radiative heat transfer in both near-field and far-field. In physics, broken symmetries generally increase the degree of freedom in a system, enriching the understanding of physical mechanisms and bringing many exciting opportunities for novel applications. In this review, we discussed the underlying physics and functionalities of nanophotonic structures with broken geometrical symmetries, engineered mode symmetries, and broken reciprocity for the control of thermal emission. We overview a variety of physical phenomena and interesting applications, and provide the outlook for future development.
Elastic buckling of simply supported stiffened steel plates with circular opening
Authors: Hassan Maha M. , Mahmoud Sara I. , Serror Mohammed H. , Hassan Ahmed F. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSteel plates are used as the main components of steel elements in many structures. Openings in steel elements may exist for maintenance or inspection purposes in addition to creating paths for different fixtures such as air conditioning, pipes, and facilities. The structural performance of plates with openings is different from that of solid plates when subjected to axial compressive load. Openings affect local buckling, lateral torsional buckling, and shear of plates. Adding stiffeners around openings is a common engineering practice to strengthen plates. However, different design codes and guides provide estimates of the flexural and shear capacity of beams with no clear formulas for the influence of such openings on axial buckling strength. In this study, a parametric study has been performed using general-purpose finite element software, ANSYS, in order to study the effect of using stiffeners around circular opening in simply supported axially loaded plates on the elastic buckling behavior. Different parameters were considered including the aspect ratio of the plate, opening diameter, opening position in both horizontal and vertical directions, and stiffener’s dimensions. The results of the extensive parametric study are used to propose an empirical design formula considering the different studied parameters.
A public health milestone: China publishes new Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Guidelines
Authors: Chen Sitong , Ma Jiani , Hong Jintao , Chen Cheng , Yang Yanxiang , Yang Zhen , Zheng Peixuan , Tang Yiling 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPhysical inactivity has long been a global public health issue. In response to this, China published new Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Guidelines for Chinese People in 2021 (PASBG 2021). This is a milestone in China’s public health, behavioural epidemiology and an important contribution to the Healthy China 2030 initiative. This commentary summarises the contents and highlighted the significance of the new guidelines. The new Chinese PASBG provide foundations for population-based estimates of healthy behaviours, strategies addressing physical inactivity and messages designed to encourage people to be more active. While the contents of the PASBG 2021 are mostly consistent with the World Health Organisation physical activity guidelines, it is unclear on what evidence they are based, and whether this included research in Chinese people. Physical activity research in China is very limited and it is urgently needed to advance national-based physical activity research in China in accordance with the behavioural epidemiology framework. The development of new PASBG is only the first step, now it is what is done to communicate and disseminate, provide opportunities and supportive environments that will make a difference to physical activity levels in China. As such, we hope the PASBG 2021 will not only become a document for educating Chinese people to move more, but also an impetus for improving population health research.
The simplest multilayer network of Rulkov neuron maps: A dynamical analysis under different neuronal interactions
Authors: Vivekanandhan Gayathri , Mirzaei Simin , Mehrabbeik Mahtab , Rajagopal Karthikeyan , Jafari Sajad 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Dynamical map-based networks have been considered in many scientific fields due to their exciting behaviors while they are of low computational costs and more flexibility. Hence, map-based neuronal networks can be preferable for studying the behavior of brain neurons due to their speed and simplicity. Synchronization, cluster synchronization, and chimera are three essential collective behaviors of neurons that have been noticed in many studies. The simplest multilayer neuronal network, capable of exhibiting synchronization, cluster synchronization, and chimera, is a two-layer network with two neurons in each layer. Considering the dynamics of the Rulkov map as the nodes' dynamics of the two-layer network, this paper aims to detect the regions of different collective behaviors of the network under different types of intralayer interactions: chemical synapses, electrochemical synapses, electrical synapses, and inner linking functions. In all cases, the interlayer neurons interact through chemical synapses. It is revealed that the considered network can exhibit different neuronal collective behaviors, such as complete synchronization, cluster synchronization, chimera, and asynchronization.
Graves Disease and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization
Authors: Xian Wei , Wu Dide , Liu Boyuan , Hong Shubin , Huo Zijun , Xiao Haipeng , Li Yanbing 
Published: December 2022

AbstractContextBoth Graves disease (GD) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are common autoimmune diseases that severely damage a patient’s quality of life. Previous epidemiological studies have suggested associations between GD and IBD. However, whether a causal relationship exists between these 2 diseases remains unknown.ObjectiveTo infer a causal relationship between GD and IBD using bidirectional 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR).MethodsWe performed bidirectional 2-sample MR to infer a causal relationship between GD and IBD using genome-wide association study summary data obtained from Biobank Japan and the International Inflammatory Bowel Disease Genetic Consortium. Several methods (random-effect inverse variance weighted, weighted median, MR-Egger regression, and MR-PRESSO) were used to ensure the robustness of the causal effect. Heterogeneity was measured based on Cochran's Q value. Horizontal pleiotropy was evaluated by MR-Egger regression and leave-one-out analysis.ResultsGenetically predicted IBD may increase the risk of GD by 24% (odds ratio [OR] 1.24, 95% CI 1.01-1.52, P = .041). Crohn disease (CD) may increase the risk of GD, whereas ulcerative colitis (UC) may prevent patients from developing GD. Conversely, genetically predicted GD may slightly increase the risk of CD, although evidence indicating that the presence of GD increased the risk of UC or IBD was lacking. Outlier-corrected results were consistent with raw causal estimates.ConclusionOur study revealed a potentially higher comorbidity rate for GD and CD. However, UC might represent a protective factor for GD. The underlying mechanism and potential common pathways await discovery.
Ccn2a-FGFR1-SHH signaling is necessary for intervertebral disc homeostasis and regeneration in adult zebrafish
Authors: Rayrikar Amey Y. , Wagh Ganesh A. , Santra Manas K. , Patra Chinmoy 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is the primary cause of back pain in humans. However, the cellular and molecular pathogenesis of IVD degeneration is poorly understood. This study shows that zebrafish IVDs possess distinct and non-overlapping zones of cell proliferation and cell death. We find that, in zebrafish, cellular communication network factor 2a (ccn2a) is expressed in notochord and IVDs. Although IVD development appears normal in ccn2a mutants, the adult mutant IVDs exhibit decreased cell proliferation and increased cell death leading to IVD degeneration. Moreover, Ccn2a overexpression promotes regeneration through accelerating cell proliferation and suppressing cell death in wild-type aged IVDs. Mechanistically, Ccn2a maintains IVD homeostasis and promotes IVD regeneration by enhancing outer annulus fibrosus cell proliferation and suppressing nucleus pulposus cell death through augmenting FGFR1-SHH signaling. These findings reveal that Ccn2a plays a central role in IVD homeostasis and regeneration, which could be exploited for therapeutic intervention in degenerated human discs.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF COPING STRATEGIES WITH STRESS OF STUDENTS IN DIFFERENT LEARNING CONDITIONS DURING THE PANDEMIC
Authors: Dyachuk Anna A. , Shpakou Andrei I. , Bocharova Julia Ju. , Klimatckaia Liudmila G. 
Published: December 2022

The purpose of study is to highlight the differences in students’ appeal to coping strategies in various forms of implementation of the educational process in the context of different anti-epidemic approaches during the pandemic.
Materials and Methods. The materials of the empirical study obtained on a selection of students of pedagogical and medical universities of Krasnoyarsk and Grodno are presented. 1356 students of 2–4 courses aged 18–26 years were interviewed in February 2021. The repertoire of coping strategies was studied using standardized questionnaire methods.
Results. The results of the study demonstrate that there are differences in the choice of coping strategies by students depending on the learning conditions and anti-epidemiological measures. In most cases the students from two countries demonstrate active cognitive coping strategies, turning to the past to anticipate possible difficulties and premeditation. At the same time, significant differences are noted in active cognitive coping strategies and acceptance or denial of a situation. The analysis of the coping strategies use has been made with the consideration of the students’ gender and professional training. The similarity of the general direction of coping behavior among young men and women has been revealed, with differences in the strategies for their implementation, depending on the assessment of the situation, their capabilities and resources. It has been highlighted that the students’ professionalization has a strong influence on how and in what ways they perceive a stressful situation. Thus, the students of pedagogical profiles are the most vulnerable group in coping with a stressful situation of learning during the pandemic.
Miasto jako książka
Authors: Kosmacz Agata 
Published: December 2022

Miasto jako książka to próba znalezienia takiego języka wizualnego dla opisu miasta, który trafnie scharakteryzowałby różnorodność spojrzeń na współczesny Szczecin. Przy budowaniu metodologii badawczej posłużono się kategoriami zaproponowanymi przez Deyana Sudjica. Rodzinne miasto autorki stało się wzorem tych opisywanych w Języku miast polem eksperymentów formalnych, inicjujących powstający cykl prac. W warstwie merytorycznej źródłem wiedzy był przetłumaczony na język polski siedemnastowieczny druk Paula Frideborna Opis miasta Szczecina, którego oryginalny łaciński tekst posłużył przy konstruowaniu prezentowanych prac.
Dziewięć obiektów z cyklu Satzspiegel ma te same proporcje wymiarów zewnętrznych oraz szaroniebieski kolor okładki. Wykonane są w różnych technikach graficznych i typograficznych oraz rodzajach oprawy. Formalnie dotykają one zagadnień projektowych związanych ze złotym podziałem oraz spiralą wzrostu. W trzech z nich został użyty zaprojektowany specjalnie na potrzeby tych książek krój liter Friedeborn. Zawartość symboliczna to z kolei próba zmierzenia się z tematem miasta, chęć zamiany intymnych przestrzeni stron książki w ekstrawertyczną przestrzeń spektaklu. Zewnętrzną przestrzeń miejską starano się natomiast odtworzyć na kartach ich wewnętrznego teatru.
Cultural influences on adherence to cardiac rehabilitation programmes: perspectives from South Asian healthcare professionals
Authors: Ahmed Farhin , Eberhardt Judith , van Wersch Anna , Ling Jonathan 
Published: December 2022

Background/Aims Health disparities concerning uptake of and adherence to cardiac rehabilitation post-myocardial infarction have been observed in patients with coronary heart disease from a South Asian background. Healthcare professionals from a South Asian background can provide insight into the influential cultural factors affecting cardiac rehabilitation adherence. The aim of the study was to explore cultural factors impacting adherence to cardiac rehabilitation post-myocardial infarction from the perspective of healthcare professionals from a South Asian background. Methods A qualitative thematic approach using semi-structured interviews was employed with 15 participants (8 men and 7 women) recruited from various healthcare settings. The participants were from a range of health professions, including a physiotherapist, general practitioner, nurse, surgeon, physiologist, cardiologist and pharmacist. Results Four themes were identified from the interviews: familiarity: influence of practitioners' own cultural background; Western vs Eastern medical philosophy: generation and gender influences; engaging with existing services: changing patients' attitudes and perceptions; and modifying practitioner–patient communication: encouraging patient responsibility. All themes related to health beliefs that patients from a South Asian background were perceived to hold. Conclusions Previous research has suggested that there is a need to tailor health services towards people from a South Asian background. However, the focus should also simultaneously be on changing patients' perceptions of their own health and to consider providing outpatients with the support to develop the necessary skills to implement lifestyle changes towards improving cardiac rehabilitation uptake and adherence.
High-precision demodulation method for the cobweb FBG sensor network
Authors: Jiang Hong , Wang Chenyang , Zhao Yihan , Tang Rui 
Published: December 2022

To improve the demodulation accuracy and speed of the cobweb fiber Bragg grating (FBG)
sensor network, a demodulation algorithm based on a one-dimensional
(1D) dilated convolutional neural network (CNN) combined with improved
wavelet adaptive threshold de-noising is proposed. The improved
wavelet adaptive threshold de-noising algorithm is used to de-noise
several highly overlapping sensing signals for accurately measuring
optical fiber sensing signals. Using a well-trained 1D dilated CNN
model achieves extremely low signal demodulation errors, even with
highly overlapping signals. Experiments show that the demodulation
scheme improves the detection accuracy of the cobweb FBG sensor
network and shortens detection time. Determination of the peak
wavelengths of the four highly overlapping sensing signals achieves a
root-mean-square error of better than 0.10 pm and
an average demodulation time of 15.2 ms.
Ultra-short polarization beam splitter based on rhombic structure dual-core photonic crystal fiber with a central hole filled nematic liquid crystal
Authors: Xu Yanan , Yuan Jinhui , Qu Yuwei , Qiu Shi , Zhou Xian , Yan Binbin , Wang Kuiru , Sang Xinzhu , Yu Chongxiu 
Published: December 2022

In this paper, an ultra-short polarization beam splitter (PBS) based on a rhombic structure dual-core photonic crystal fiber (RS-DC-PCF) with a central hole filled nematic liquid crystal (NLC) is proposed. For the RS-DC-PCF, the air holes of different sizes are arranged in a rhombic lattice, and the NLC (E7) is introduced to enhance the birefringence. The full vector–finite element method is used to investigate the coupling and propagation characteristics of the PBS. Moreover, the effects of different structure parameters on the coupling lengths (

C
L

x

,

C
L

y

) and coupling length ratio in the

x

-polarization and

y

-polarization directions and the preparation tolerances of different air hole diameters are investigated. And the effects of the temperature and molecule angle of the NLC (E7) on the extinction ratio (ER) are also analyzed. The simulation results show that the ultra-short splitting length of the optimized RS-DC-PCF PBS is 58 µm, the ER is higher than 20 dB in the wavelength range of 1.306 to 1.641 µm, and the bandwidth is up to 335 nm, covering most of the

O

+

E

+

S

+

C

+

L

communication bands.
Reginald Rose and the Journey of 12 Angry Men, Phil Rosenzweig (2021)
Authors: Welch Rosanne 
Published: December 2022

Review of: Reginald Rose and the Journey of 12 Angry Men, Phil Rosenzweig (2021)
New York: Fordham University Press, 315 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-82329-774-0, h/bk, $18.96
ISBN 1531502962, p/bk, $19.99
ISBN 978-0-82329-774-0, e-book, $12.99
Influence of type 2 sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibitors (dapagliflozin) on the indicators of total mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes (CARDIA-MOS study, Moscow)
Authors: Antsiferov M. B. , Demidov N. A. , Balberova M. A. , Lobanova O. V. , Mudrikova I. G. , Gusenbekova D. G. 
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: The widespread use in clinical practice of drugs with cardio- and nephroprotective properties, in particular, sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), is based on the results of large-scale international randomized trials. Meanwhile, there are no data demonstrating the possibility of the influence of these drugs on mortality rates in real clinical practice in Russian patients. To study this issue, a CARDIA-MOS study was conducted on a population of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in Moscow.AIM: To study the effect of SGLT2i on the total mortality of patients with T2DM in Moscow.MATERIALS AND METHODS: To assess the frequency of different outcomes, two samples of patients were formed according to predetermined criteria: 1) patients who started therapy with SGLT2i (dapagliflozin) in 2017; 2) a control group of patients corresponding to the main group in terms of key indicators: age, duration of T2DM, presence of cardiovascular diseases, use of insulin therapy, HbA1c level.RESULTS: Firstly, an analysis of the data of 499 patients who started treatment with dapagliflozin in 2017, as well as 499 patients in the control group (n = 998) was made. The baseline characteristics of the patients were generally comparable. Pre-study SBP and HbA1c were worse in the dapagliflozin group. The use of dapagliflozin was associated with a 39% reduction in the relative risk of death from all causes (RR 0.614, 95% CI 0.417–0.903, p = 0.013), led to a decrease in HbA1c levels by 0.8% (from 8.5 to 7.7%, p<0.001) for 48 months. observations. The safety profile of dapagliflozin was comparable to that of the control groupCONCLUSION: The use of dapagliflozin in the treatment of patients with T2DM can reduce overall mortality and improve glycemic control.