bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Zhan Zhuang Qigong on upper limb static tremor and aerobic exercise capacity in patients with mild-to-moderate Parkinson’s disease: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Linlin , Liu Xihua , Xi Xiaoming , Chen Yuxiao , Wang Qing , Qu Xinjie , Cao Haihao , Wang Limin , Sun Wenyu , Chen Guoming , Liu Huifen , Jiang Xiaoyu , Su Hang , Jiang Jiahui , Bi Hongyan 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionCurrently, the first choice for the clinical treatment of static tremor in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is drug therapy, however side effects are common. In recent years, the effects of physical therapy on PD has become a serious research focus. Studies have indicated that aerobic and resistance exercises alleviate PD movement disorders and improve aerobic capacity, but the effects of Qigong on PD static tremor and aerobic capacity remain unknown.Methods and analysisObjectiveTo observe the effects of Zhan Zhuang Qigong on upper limb static tremor and aerobic capacity in patients with PD, we established a rigorous randomised, parallel-controlled, assignment hidden, evaluator-blinded protocol.MethodsSeventy-two patients with PD, at the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, were recruited and randomly divided into a control (n=36) and experimental group (n=36). The intervention group received conventional medicine plus Zhan Zhuang Qigong exercises five times a week at 30 min each time, over an 8-week period. The long-term effects of Zhan Zhuang Qigong on PD was investigated after the intervention. Phyphox APP, CRST, CPET, UPDRS(II, III) were used to evaluate tremor, aerobic capacity, and motor function in groups.DiscussionWe are investigating the effects of Zhan Zhuang Qigong on upper limb static tremor and aerobic capacity in patients with PD. If positive are identified, they will add a new research direction and evidence for the clinical exploration of exercise therapy for PD.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Approval Number: 2021–025-KY). The Committee will be informed of any changes to the trial protocol, such as intervention intensity, outcome indicators and data collection. Study results will be presented as a paper at an international conference or in a journal.Trial registration numberChiCTR2100053529.
Effects and utility of an online forward triage tool during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a mixed method study and patient perspectives, Switzerland
Authors: Michel Janet , Mettler Annette , Stuber Raphael , Müller Martin , Ricklin Meret E , Jent Philipp , Hautz Wolf E , Sauter Thomas C 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveTo assess the effects (quantitatively) and the utility (qualitatively) of a COVID-19 online forward triage tool (OFTT) in a pandemic context.DesignA mixed method sequential explanatory study was employed. Quantitative data of all OFTT users, between 2 March 2020 and 12 May 2020, were collected. Second, qualitative data were collected through key informant interviews (n=19) to explain the quantitative findings, explore tool utility, user experience and elicit recommendations.SettingThe working group e-emergency medicine at the emergency department developed an OFTT, which was made available online.ParticipantsParticipants included all users above the age of 18 that used the OFTT between 2 March 2020 and 12 May 2020.InterventionAn OFTT that displayed the current test recommendations of the Federal Office of Public Health on whether someone needed testing for COVID-19 or not. No diagnosis was provided.ResultsIn the study period, 6272 users consulted our OFTT; 40.2% (1626/4049) would have contacted a healthcare provider had the tool not existed. 560 participants consented to a follow-up survey and provided a valid email address. 31.4% (176/560) participants returned a complete follow-up questionnaire. 84.7% (149/176) followed the recommendations given. 41.5% (73/176) reported that their fear was allayed after using the tool. Qualitatively, seven overarching themes emerged namely (1) accessibility of tool, (2) user-friendliness of tool, (3) utility of tool as an information source, (4) utility of tool in allaying fear and anxiety, (5) utility of tool in medical decision-making (6) utility of tool in reducing the potential for onward transmissions and (7) utility of tool in reducing health system burden.ConclusionOur findings demonstrated that a COVID-19 OFTT does not only reduce the health system burden but can also serve as an information source, reduce anxiety and fear, reduce potential for cross infections and facilitate medical decision-making.
Use of a 2-year continuing professional development programme to change Japanese physicians’ attitudes to learning primary care: a qualitative study
Authors: Seki Masayasu , Fujinuma Yasuki , Matsushima Masato , Joki Tatsuhiro , Okonogi Hideo , Miura Yasuhiko , Ohno Iwao , Hiramoto Jun 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate changes in the learning attitudes of primary care physicians.DesignQualitative study through one focus group interview with the programme’s participants. Analysis of the focus group content using the Steps for Coding and Theorization method.SettingJapan.ParticipantsEight primary care physicians who completed a 2-year continuing professional development (CPD) programme using a problem-based learning (PBL) approach, focused on acquiring the skills needed to practise as primary care physicians in the community.ResultsParticipants described positive changes in their attitudes and behaviours as a result of the training programme. These changes were grouped into three main themes: ‘changes in learning methods regarding medical practice’, ‘encounters with diverse perspectives and values, and confidence gained from those encounters’, and ‘showing one’s attitude towards learning and its influence on others’. The experienced practitioners participating in this study reported that the programme helped them apply their skills more broadly; for example, searching the literature for psychosocial aspects of practice and engaging more comfortably with diverse perspectives. They reported the positive impact of their learning on their coworkers.ConclusionA 2-year CPD programme using PBL can influence primary care physicians’ attitudes and learning-related behaviours. Further research is needed to determine which specific aspects of the programme are the most effective and whether the changes in attitudes and behaviours described affect patient care.
Cognitive functioning and work-related outcomes of non-central nervous system cancer survivors: protocol for a systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Oliveira Ana F , Fernandes Sofia , Reis Juliana D , Torres Ana , Santos Isabel M , Von Ah Diane 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionIn recent years, growing attention has been given to the study of the impact of cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) in working non-central nervous system (CNS) cancer survivors. Available literature has shown that working cancer survivors identify cognitive problems at work as very problematic and worrisome. Some reviews have discussed the association between CRCI and work-related outcomes; however, none to date have investigated this association through comprehensive systematic review with meta-analysis. Hence, this work will comprehensively summarise existing evidence from quantitative studies assessing the relationship between CRCI and work-related outcomes of adult non-CNS cancer survivors at working age.Methods and analysisThe systematic review procedures and its report will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Electronic searches in the databases Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, ProQuest, PsycINFO and CINAHL, complemented by a manual search of other relevant articles, will be performed from 2000 onwards to identify relevant publications. Two independent reviewers will assess studies for inclusion and extract data from each article using a standardised form. Studies eligible for inclusion must be quantitative, contain adult non-CNS cancer survivors with CRCI, and a measure of cognitive functioning and work-related outcomes. To assess risk of bias, the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool Studies checklists will be independently used by the two researchers. Synthesis of the included articles will be conducted using a narrative method and through meta-analysis. Meta-analysis will be reported via correlation for the association between CRCI and work-related outcomes. The cumulative evidence will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required since individual patient data will not be collected. The findings will be published in a peer-review indexed journal, presented at scientific meetings and included in a chapter of a Doctoral thesis.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020165458.
Snapshot of health-related behaviours in adults living with disabilities 1 year into the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey study
Authors: Hussain Syeda F , Heinze Nikki , Castle Claire L , Godier-McBard Lauren R , Kempapidis Theofilos , Gomes Renata S M 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesThis survey aimed to assess the status of a range of health-related behaviours 1 year after the coronavirus outbreak was declared a pandemic in adults living with disabilities comparative with those with no disabilities.DesignThis cross-sectional study reports findings from an online survey conducted in March 2021. Mann-Whitney U and Χ2 tests were used to compare a range of health behaviours including time spent self-isolating, smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise frequency and diet in adults with and without disabilities.SettingA convenience sample of UK adults was recruited through the researchers’ personal and professional networks including UK-based sight loss sector charities, social media platforms and professional forums.ParticipantsA total of 123 UK participants completed the survey.Outcome measuresCOVID-19 diagnosis, time spent self-isolating, alcohol consumption frequency, exercise frequency, change in smoking habit and eating habits.ResultsNo significant differences were found in alcohol consumption, smoking, water intake, breakfast, or fruit and vegetable intake. There were statistically significant differences in the time spent self-isolating (U=2061, p=0.001), exercise frequency (U=1171.5, p=0.005) and the amount of food eaten (χ2 (2)=9.60, p=0.008, Cramer’s V=0.281). Although the majority in both groups reported exercising three to four times per week and eating what they should, those with disabilities were more likely to eat less than they should, not exercise at all and to have been self-isolating for over 6 months than participants with no disabilities.ConclusionsThe data in this study present some key differences between the two groups, with those living with disabilities being more likely to report that they had been self-isolating for prolonged periods of time, not exercising at all, and not eating as much as they should . This raises concerns for the health and well-being of individuals with disabilities.
Early detection and treatment of acute illness in medical patients with novel software: a prospective quality improvement initiative
Authors: Burns Jonathan , Williams Dave , Mlinaritsch Danielle , Koechlin Maryna , Canning Trena , Neitzel Andrew 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveAn ageing population and rising healthcare costs place healthcare systems at risk of failure. Our goal was to develop a technology that would identify illness early, initiate action and therein improve patient care, outcomes and save healthcare resources.DesignThis was a prospective interventional quality improvement study.SettingA 40 bed medical floor in a 300 bed Canadian tertiary care regional referral hospital.ParticipantsGeneral ward patients randomly assigned to control or treatment groups. There was no cross-over or loss to follow-up.InterventionWe designed an algorithm and software programme capable of detecting the sentinel change in a deteriorating patient’s clinical condition and once detected direct early investigation and care. Study duration was 1 year.Main outcome measuresPrimary outcome was patient transfer from the general medical ward to the intensive care unit (ICU). The secondary outcome was the time needed to (1) order investigations (2) contact senior medical staff and (3) senior medical staff intervention.ResultsWe identified a decrease in the transfer of patients from the medical ward to the ICU. Over the course of the study including 273 patients (110 in the control group and 163 in the treatment group), transfers dropped from 14 to 3 with a relative risk reduction of 85.54% (95% CI 84.96 to 86.1), a number needed to treat of 9.19 (95% CI 9.01 to 9.36) and a absolute risk reduction of 10.89% (95% CI 10.7 to 11.1). We also found a statistically significant reduction in the time required to order investigations (p=0.049), contact senior medical staff (p=0.040) and senior medical staff intervention (p=0.045).ConclusionA novel algorithm and software in the hands of nursing staff identified acute illness with adequate sensitivity and specificity to dramatically reduce ICU transfers and time to clinical intervention on a medical ward.
Verification and validation of the anti-PD-L1 antibody, Clone 22C3on a laboratory-developed test
Authors: Brennan Shane , O'Neill Julie , Kennedy Susan 
Published: July 2022

AimsThe first aim of this study is to compare and validate the performance of the programmed death receptor ligand 1 (PD-L1) IHC 22C3 pharmDx assay kit processed via Dako Omnis platform with the Dako Autostainer Link 48. The second aim is to examine the concordance of scoring by pathologists using the same immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay on the Dako Omnis platform and the Dako Autostainer Link 48.MethodsFourty-seven formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tumour were stained with the PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx assay kit processed via the Dako Autostainer Link 48 and the Dako Omnis platform. Combined positive score (CPS) was ascribed by two scoring pathologists, with discordant cases provided with an agreed score.ResultsFirst, identical staining patterns were identified. Second, high agreement of PD-L1 scores when a CPS cut-off of 1 was implemented illustrated an overall agreement of 94%, positive agreement of 100% and negative agreement of 88%. Finally, results highlight an intraexaminer concordance of 89% and interexaminer concordance of 85% and 92%.ConclusionsIn conclusion, we propose to open for discussion the deconstruction of the current practice of a compulsory companion diagnostic test (CDT) for a particular PD-L1 immunohistochemical assay. The implementation of laboratory developed tests as an alternative to the CDT poses as a novel and readily available method to surmount limitations posed to pathology laboratories.
IdyllaEGFRassay on extracted DNA: advantages, limits and place in molecular screening according to the latest guidelines for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients
Authors: Khalifa Emmanuel , Chapusot Caroline , Tournier Benjamin , Sentis Julie , Marion Estelle , Remond Alicia , Aubry Manon , Pioche Célia , Bergeron Anthony , Primois Charlotte , Blanchard Larry , Millière Alice , Boucheix Marlène , Léger Yannick , Bairrao Marine , Brouste Véronique , Martin Laurent , Soubeyran Isabelle 
Published: July 2022

AimsIdylla epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a fast and fully automated mutation assay that is easy to implement. However, under the Biocartis-recommended technical conditions, tissue sections are directly introduced into the cartridge, at the risk of exhausting the tumour sample. In this study, we evaluate the performance of IdyllaEGFRon extracted DNA and discuss its place within the global non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) screening strategy.Methods577 comparative tests between IdyllaEGFRon extracted DNA and next-generation sequencing (NGS) were performed across two centres.ResultsPreanalytical thresholds were established (20% tumour cell content, 50 ng DNA input) and challenged prospectively in routine practice. 16.8% of samples referred for screening were considered non eligible for IdyllaEGFRtesting. Due to discordant by design cases, IdyllaEGFRsensitivity was 86.9% for currently actionableEGFRmutations. IdyllaEGFRspecificity was 100% in first-line screening. NGS was always feasible on the same DNA.ConclusionIdyllaEGFRon extracted DNA is feasible and enables tumour material to be saved compared with tissue section use. It is not necessary to replace the analytical thresholds of the Biocartis algorithm. Due to both the limits of the mutational repertoire and the high increase of targetable genes in NSCLC, the use of IdyllaEGFRshould be restricted to clinical emergency situations accompanied by NGS.
Spontaneous clearance of asymptomatic anogenital and pharyngeal Neisseria gonorrhoeae: a secondary analysis from the NABOGO trial
Authors: Teker Buhari , de Vries Henry , Heijman Titia , van Dam Alje , Schim van der Loeff Maarten , Jongen Vita Willemijn 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionSpontaneous clearance of asymptomatic Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) does occur, but data are scarce. We aimed to assess spontaneous clearance among patients with asymptomatic anal, pharyngeal, vaginal and urethral NG infections who participated in the New AntiBiotic treatment Options for uncomplicated GOnorrhoea (NABOGO) trial. In addition, we assessed the determinants associated with spontaneous clearance.MethodsThe NABOGO trial (Trial registration number: NCT03294395) was a randomised controlled, double-blind, single-centre trial assessing non-inferiority of ertapenem, gentamicin and fosfomycin to ceftriaxone for treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhoea. For asymptomatic NABOGO participants, we collected pre-enrolment and enrolment visit samples before trial medication was given. Spontaneous clearance was defined as a positive pre-enrolment nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) result, followed by a negative NAAT at enrolment. We compared the median time between pre-enrolment and enrolment visits for patients who cleared spontaneously and for those who did not. Determinants of spontaneous clearance were assessed using logistic regression.ResultsThirty-two of 221 (14.5%) anal NG infections cleared spontaneously, 17 of 91 (18.7%) pharyngeal, 3 of 13 (23.1%) vaginal and 9 of 28 (32.1%) urethral NG infections. The median time between the pre-enrolment and enrolment visit was longer for patients who cleared their pharyngeal infection spontaneously compared with those who did not (median 8 days (IQR=7–11) vs 6 days (IQR=4–8), p=0.012); no determinants of clearance at other sites were identified. Overall, patients with more days between the pre-enrolment and enrolment visit were more likely to clear spontaneously (adjusted OR=1.06 per additional day, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.12). No association between location of NG infection and spontaneous clearance was found.ConclusionsA significant proportion of asymptomatic patients cleared their NG infections spontaneously. Given these results, treatment of all NG infections after a one-time NAAT may be excessive, and more research on the natural history of NG is needed to improve antibiotic stewardship.
Effect of high-intensity interval training and high-intensity resistance training on irisin and fibroblast growth factor 21 in men with overweight and obesity
Authors: Haghighi Amir Hossein , Hajinia Morteza , Askari Roya , Abbasian Sadegh , Goldfied Gary 
Published: July 2022

Adipose tissue browning is a physiological process that increases energy expenditure and may combat against obesity and its related risk factors. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and irisin, hormones affected by exercise that also affect adipose tissue browning, have not been widely studied with regard to exercise type and duration. This study compared the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and high-intensity resistance training (HIRT) on irisin and FGF21 in men living with overweight and obesity. After completing a training program three times weekly for 8 weeks, participants’ serum levels of irisin and FGF21 were significantly increased in the HIIT and HIRT groups compared with the control group ( p < 0.05). Additionally, body fat percentage and body weight in both training groups were significantly reduced in comparison with the control group ( p < 0.05). Thus, HIIT and HIRT programs may be used as a feasible modality to promote favourable changes in body composition and irisin and FGF21, factors critical for browning white adipose tissue in men living with overweight and obesity.
Approximating compact objects in bootstrapped Newtonian gravity: use of the canonical potential
Authors: Casadio Roberto , Kuntz Iberê , Micu Octavian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe consider compact objects in a classical and non-relativistic generalisation of Newtonian gravity, dubbed bootstrapped Newtonian theory, which includes higher-order derivative interaction terms of the kind generically present in the strong-field regime of gravity. By means of a field redefinition, the original bootstrapped Newtonian action is written in a canonical Newtonian form with non-linear source terms. Exact analytic solutions remain unattainable, but we show that perturbative solutions of the canonical theory can be efficiently used to derive approximate descriptions of compact objects. In particular, using the canonical potential, we can more directly and generally show that the Arnowitt–Deser–Misner mass differs from the (Newtonian) proper mass due to the non-linear couplings in the theory. A few examples of sources with different density profiles are explicitly reanalysed in this framework.
Positronium microwave spectroscopy using Ramsey interferometry
Authors: Babij T. J. , Cassidy D. B. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We describe an experimental arrangement suitable for performing microwave spectroscopy measurements of the positronium (Ps) $$n=2$$

n
=
2

fine structure using Ramsey interferometry. Simulations are presented concerning the production of energetic $$2\,^3S_1$$

2

3

S
1

Ps atoms from a Xe gas cell, and their subsequent interactions with a pair of waveguides in which coherent microwave radiation fields are applied. We conclude that for realistic experimental parameters, optimized using a Monte Carlo simulation, a gas cell length of 10 cm with a gas pressure of 0.5 Pa and a positron beam energy of 40 eV, count rates on the order of 50 Hz should be possible.

Graphical abstract
Study of the effect of thermal radiation on singularities in presence of viscous holographic Ricci dark energy and modified Chaplygin gas
Authors: Sultana Sanjeeda , Chakraborty Gargee , Chattopadhyay Surajit 
Published: July 2022

This work reports the effect of thermal radiation on singularities in the presence of holographic Ricci dark energy (HRDE) with generalized IR cut-off. The Eckart approach has been considered to initiate the study. The density of HRDE, which is a just particular cases of general Nojiri–Odintsov (NO) HDE [S. Nojiri and S. D. Odintsov, Unifying phantom inflation with late-time acceleration: Scalar phantom-non-phantom transition model and generalized holographic dark energy, Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 38(8) (2006) 1285–1304], in non-interacting and non-viscous case has been reconstructed and it is found that with the passage of cosmic time t, it is decreasing. The Equation of State (EoS) parameter of HRDE in non-interacting and viscous scenario, the EoS parameter of modified Chaplygin gas (MCG) in a non-interacting and non-viscous scenario and the EoS parameter of MCG in an interacting and non-viscous scenario have been reconstructed and studied. There is a chance of Type I, Type II, Type III, Type IV and [Formula: see text]-singularities for the conditions we obtained. For the effect of thermal radiation of inhomogeneous viscous fluid in an interacting scenario, there is a scope of avoidance of Big-Rip Singularity.