bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Explainable medical imaging AI needs human-centered design: guidelines and evidence from a systematic review
Authors: Chen Haomin , Gomez Catalina , Huang Chien-Ming , Unberath Mathias 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTransparency in Machine Learning (ML), often also referred to as interpretability or explainability, attempts to reveal the working mechanisms of complex models. From a human-centered design perspective, transparency is not a property of the ML model but an affordance, i.e., a relationship between algorithm and users. Thus, prototyping and user evaluations are critical to attaining solutions that afford transparency. Following human-centered design principles in highly specialized and high stakes domains, such as medical image analysis, is challenging due to the limited access to end users and the knowledge imbalance between those users and ML designers. To investigate the state of transparent ML in medical image analysis, we conducted a systematic review of the literature from 2012 to 2021 in PubMed, EMBASE, and Compendex databases. We identified 2508 records and 68 articles met the inclusion criteria. Current techniques in transparent ML are dominated by computational feasibility and barely consider end users, e.g. clinical stakeholders. Despite the different roles and knowledge of ML developers and end users, no study reported formative user research to inform the design and development of transparent ML models. Only a few studies validated transparency claims through empirical user evaluations. These shortcomings put contemporary research on transparent ML at risk of being incomprehensible to users, and thus, clinically irrelevant. To alleviate these shortcomings in forthcoming research, we introduce the INTRPRT guideline, a design directive for transparent ML systems in medical image analysis. The INTRPRT guideline suggests human-centered design principles, recommending formative user research as the first step to understand user needs and domain requirements. Following these guidelines increases the likelihood that the algorithms afford transparency and enable stakeholders to capitalize on the benefits of transparent ML.
scRNA-seq generates a molecular map of emerging cell subtypes after sciatic nerve injury in rats
Authors: Lovatt Ditte , Tamburino Alex , Krasowska-Zoladek Alicja , Sanoja Raul , Li Lixia , Peterson Vanessa , Wang Xiaohai , Uslaner Jason 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPatients with peripheral nerve injury, viral infection or metabolic disorder often suffer neuropathic pain due to inadequate pharmacological options for relief. Developing novel therapies has been challenged by incomplete mechanistic understanding of the cellular microenvironment in sensory nerve that trigger the emergence and persistence of pain. In this study, we report a high resolution transcriptomics map of the cellular heterogeneity of naïve and injured rat sensory nerve covering more than 110,000 individual cells. Annotation reveals distinguishing molecular features of multiple major cell types totaling 45 different subtypes in naïve nerve and an additional 23 subtypes emerging after injury. Ligand-receptor analysis revealed a myriad of potential targets for pharmacological intervention. This work forms a comprehensive resource and unprecedented window into the cellular milieu underlying neuropathic pain and demonstrates that nerve injury is a dynamic process orchestrated by multiple cell types in both the endoneurial and epineurial nerve compartments.
Cell-impermeable staurosporine analog targets extracellular kinases to inhibit HSV and SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Cheshenko Natalia , Bonanno Jeffrey B. , Hoffmann Hans-Heinrich , Jangra Rohit K. , Chandran Kartik , Rice Charles M. , Almo Steven C. , Herold Betsy C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHerpes simplex virus (HSV) receptor engagement activates phospholipid scramblase triggering Akt translocation to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane where its subsequent phosphorylation promotes viral entry. We hypothesize that this previously unrecognized outside-inside signaling pathway is employed by other viruses and that cell-impermeable kinase inhibitors could provide novel antivirals. We synthesized a cell-impermeable analog of staurosporine, CIMSS, which inhibited outer membrane HSV-induced Akt phosphorylation and blocked viral entry without inducing apoptosis. CIMSS also blocked the phosphorylation of 3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase 1 and phospholipase C gamma, which were both detected at the outer leaflet following HSV exposure. Moreover, vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotyped with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (VSV-S), but not native VSV or VSV pseudotyped with Ebola virus glycoprotein, triggered this scramblase-Akt outer membrane signaling pathway. VSV-S and native SARS-CoV-2 infection were inhibited by CIMSS. Thus, CIMSS uncovered unique extracellular kinase processes linked to HSV and SARS-CoV-2 entry.
Deciphering the transcriptional regulation of the catabolism of lignin-derived aromatics in Rhodococcus opacus PD630
Authors: Diao Jinjin , Carr Rhiannon , Moon Tae Seok 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRhodococcus opacus PD630 has considerable potential as a platform for valorizing lignin due to its innate “biological funneling” pathways. However, the transcriptional regulation of the aromatic catabolic pathways and the mechanisms controlling aromatic catabolic operons in response to different aromatic mixtures are still underexplored. Here, we identified and studied the transcription factors for aromatic degradation using GFP-based sensors and comprehensive deletion analyses. Our results demonstrate that the funneling pathways for phenol, guaiacol, 4-hydroxybenzoate, and vanillate are controlled by transcriptional activators. The two different branches of the β-ketoadipate pathway, however, are controlled by transcriptional repressors. Additionally, promoter activity assays revealed that the substrate hierarchy in R. opacus may be ascribed to the transcriptional cross-regulation of the individual aromatic funneling pathways. These results provide clues to clarify the molecule-level mechanisms underlying the complex regulation of aromatic catabolism, which facilitates the development of R. opacus as a promising chassis for valorizing lignin.
Sanghuangporus vaninii mixture ameliorated type 2 diabetes mellitus and altered intestinal microbiota in mice
Authors: Huang Zirui , Liu Yun , Liu Xiaoyan , Chen Kewen , Xiong Wenyu , Qiu Yuyang , He Xiaoyu , Liu Bin , Zeng Feng 
Published: October 2022

Sanghuangporus vaninii mixture ameliorated type 2 diabetes mellitus through improving body weight, fasting blood glucose, insulin-related indicators, lipid indexes, inflammatory factors, histological pathology, and intestinal microbiota.
A Scoping Review of Research Evaluating Physiological Information for Individuals With Developmental Disabilities: Augmentative and Alternative Communication Research Considerations
Authors: Holyfield Christine , O'Neill Zimmerman Tara 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:
Today, an ever-increasing number of technological advancements are becoming mainstream. As the availability of technological innovations increases, so do opportunities for evaluating any benefits of those innovations in augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) research for individuals with developmental disabilities. One innovation that has become mainstream is the use of noninvasive wearable technology to provide physiological information (e.g., heart rate, skin conductance). Such information could be valuable in AAC research, but more information about its potential feasibility and utility is needed.

Method:
A scoping review was conducted to review and report on existing research that has evaluated (a) physiological information as a communication intervention tool for individuals with developmental disabilities and (b) the relationship between physiological information from individuals with developmental disabilities and behavioral and/or environmental information in real time.

Results:
Results revealed that, while little communication intervention research has been completed, descriptive research demonstrates that physiological information from individuals with developmental disabilities gathered using wearable technology corresponds meaningfully to observable environmental and behavioral events.

Conclusions:
Future AAC research incorporating wearable technology to gather physiological information is warranted. Such research could evaluate potential benefits such as preempting challenging behavior with communication opportunities, signaling readiness for language learning, indicating AAC feature preferences, and expanding methodological approaches.
Prosodic Development During the Early School-Age Years
Authors: Kallay Jeffrey E. , Dilley Laura , Redford Melissa A. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:This study used a cross-sequential design to identify developmental changes in narrative speech rhythm and intonation. The aim was to provide a robust, clinically relevant characterization of normative changes in speech prosody across the early school-age years.Method:Structured spontaneous narratives were elicited annually from 60 children over a 3-year period. Children were aged 5–7 years at study outset and then were aged 7–9 years at study offset. Articulation rate, prominence spacing, and intonational phrase length and duration were calculated for each narrative to index speech rhythm; measures of pitch variability and pitch range indexed intonation. Linear mixed-effects (LME) models tested for cohort-based and within-subject longitudinal change on the prosodic measures; linear regression was used to test for the simple effect of age-in-months within year on the measures.Results:The LME analyses indicated systematic longitudinal changes in speech rhythm across all measures except phrase duration; there were no longitudinal changes in pitch variability or pitch range across the school-age years. Linear regression results showed an increase in articulation rate with age; there were no systematic differences between age cohorts across years in the study.Conclusions:The results indicate that speech rhythm continues to develop during the school-age years. The results also underscore the very strong relationship between the rate and rhythm characteristics of speech and so suggest an important influence of speech motor skills on rhythm production. Finally, the results on pitch variability and pitch range are interpreted to suggest that these are inadequate measures of typical intonation development during the school-age years.
Phonation Threshold Pressure as a Unique Outcome Measure of Phonatory Physiology Changes Following Submucosal Saline Injection for Vocal Fold Scarring
Authors: Ramanathan Pradeep , Yao Theresa Jingyun , Goding George S. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:
This study aimed to describe the utility of phonation threshold pressure (PTP) measurement as an additional outcome measure for changes in vocal fold vibration secondary to submucosal saline injection in the case of an individual with idiopathic vocal fold scarring.

Method:
An 8-week program of voice therapy, followed by submucosal saline infusion, was administered, using multiple outcome measures to assess voice quality, effort, and function in a 38-year-old woman with idiopathic bilateral vocal fold scarring. Transoral rigid video-endoscopy with stroboscopy in conjunction with the Stroboscopy Evaluation Rating Form provided measures of the vibratory characteristics of the vocal folds (amplitude, mucosal wave, nonvibratory portion, edge smoothness, and straightness). Auditory-perceptual measures were obtained using the Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice. Acoustic measures included jitter (%local), shimmer (%local), harmonics-to-noise ratio (dB), and Cepstral Spectral Index of Dysphonia. Additionally, PTP was measured 1 day prior to, and 1 month after, saline infusion.

Results:
Acoustic, auditory-perceptual, and stroboscopic variables suggested minimal change to the vibratory properties of the vocal folds in response to submucosal saline infusion for the treatment of vocal fold scarring. PTP measurements across the patient's frequency range, however, revealed a marked decrease post infusion. This was consistent with the patient's report of improved functioning and her request for repeat saline infusion.

Conclusion:
These results are consistent with the possibility of using PTP as an independent means of quantifying changes in phonatory physiology across the frequency range in patients with vocal fold scarring.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21313725
Get Out of Your Silo: A Qualitative Examination of an Interprofessional Undergraduate Course
Authors: Pfeiffer Danika L. , Pavelko Stacey L. , Bronaugh Dannette 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:
Interprofessional collaboration in schools is fundamental to the success of all students. The purpose of this exploratory study is to examine the impact of an innovative one-credit-hour undergraduate course on students' knowledge of the Interprofessional Education Collaborative's (IPEC) core competencies for interprofessional practice.

Method:
Nine undergraduate students from communication sciences and disorders, inclusive early childhood education, and elementary education majors participated in two focus groups (one at the beginning and one at the end of the course). The researchers used a directed content analysis approach to analyze the data in terms of frequency and depth of the students' descriptions of the IPEC core competencies.

Results:
Two main findings emerged: (a) participants discussed the roles and responsibilities for collaborative practice (RR) and interprofessional teamwork and team-based practice (TT) competencies more frequently at the end of the course, and (b) participants discussed the RR, TT, and interprofessional communication practices competencies in a greater level of depth at the end of the course.

Conclusions:
These results suggest that a one-credit-hour course has the potential to enhance undergraduate students' knowledge of the IPEC core competencies in relation to school-based collaboration. Additional learning experiences for undergraduate students could include observations of co-teaching in schools, practicum experiences in which students have the opportunity to engage in co-teaching, and additional coursework on collaboration and teamwork.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21313722
Graduate Audiology Education and Student Perspectives on Over-the-Counter Hearing Aid Devices
Authors: Ramkissoon Ishara 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:
While hearing care professions recently submitted commentary about proposed regulatory guidelines for over-the-counter (OTC) hearing aids, educational considerations were not highlighted much. This article examines audiology education regarding OTC devices, specifically addressing how graduate curricula may incorporate the topic and examining graduate audiology students' perspectives on proposed OTC regulations.

Graduate audiology curricula include a wide breadth of core classes and several specialized courses. The topic of OTC devices may fit well within graduate coursework focused on Professional Issues, Public Health, or Practice Management. This article presents the curricular option implemented at a mid-Atlantic university, including a brief course description, module overview for the OTC topic, and two related assignments. Graduate audiology training with a public health focus will generally address the core functions, assessment, policy, and assurance, which facilitates a topic such as OTC devices. This educational framework also optimized the examination of graduate students' views by qualitative analysis of assignment responses (
n
= 21) from audiology students. Thematic analysis of data revealed four themes with respective subthemes and categories. Major themes are examined in a discussion highlighting the perspectives of audiology graduate students.

Conclusions:
Regular teaching course audits facilitate curricular changes and may incorporate professional topics that are new, controversial, and/or in the development phase to optimize audiology curricular transformation. Analyzing student perspectives on current topics, such as OTC devices, provided an avenue for immersing public health audiology concepts into graduate training with an overall goal to improve equity and inclusion in clinical practice. The topic of OTC devices was appropriate for educating future audiologists.
Aspect based sentiment analysis using multi‐criteria decision‐making and deep learning under COVID‐19 pandemic in India
Authors: Dutta Rakesh , Das Nilanjana , Majumder Mukta , Jana Biswapati 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has a significant impact on the global economy and health. While the pandemic continues to cause casualties in millions, many countries have gone under lockdown. During this period, people have to stay within walls and become more addicted towards social networks. They express their emotions and sympathy via these online platforms. Thus, popular social media (Twitter and Facebook) have become rich sources of information for Opinion Mining and Sentiment Analysis on COVID‐19‐related issues. We have used Aspect Based Sentiment Analysis to anticipate the polarity of public opinion underlying different aspects from Twitter during lockdown and stepwise unlock phases. The goal of this study is to find the feelings of Indians about the lockdown initiative taken by the Government of India to stop the spread of Coronavirus. India‐specific COVID‐19 tweets have been annotated, for analysing the sentiment of common public. To classify the Twitter data set a deep learning model has been proposed which has achieved accuracies of 82.35% for Lockdown and 83.33% for Unlock data set. The suggested method outperforms many of the contemporary approaches (long short‐term memory, Bi‐directional long short‐term memory, Gated Recurrent Unit etc.). This study highlights the public sentiment on lockdown and stepwise unlocks, imposed by the Indian Government on various aspects during the Corona outburst.
Sampled‐data synchronization of singular Markovian jump system: Application to DC motor model
Authors: Wang Linqi , Chen Guoliang , Yang Te , Xia Jianwei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSampled‐data synchronization problem for singular Markovian jump systems (SMJSs) subject to aperiodic sampled‐data control is investigated. Firstly, via constructing mode‐dependent one‐sided loop‐based Lyapunov functional (LBLF) and two‐sided LBLF, two different stochastically admissible conditions are suggested for error SMJSs with aperiodic sampled‐data. It is guaranteed that the slave system is stochastically synchronized to the master system on the basis of the proposed stochastically admissible conditions. Secondly, two corresponding mode‐dependent aperiodic sampled‐data controller design approaches are provided for error SMJSs based on two different conditions, separately. Finally, the validity of these approaches is demonstrated by a direct current (DC) motor model. It also demonstrated that the two‐sided LBLF method possesses a larger upper bound of sampled‐data period than the one‐sided LBLF method.
Analysis of the metal sheets formability at single point incremental forming process
Authors: Rusu Gabriela-Petruţa , Oleksik Valentin Ştefan , Breaz Radu Eugen , Dobrotă Dan , Popp Ilie Octavian 
Published: October 2022

Although research on incremental forming process began a few decades ago, it is still a process in development phase. Single point incremental forming is a simple process and the deformation of the sheet blank is done with the help of a punch that follows a known toolpath.
In the case of this process, one important aspect is the prediction of material failure. To achieve this with the help of a finite element analysis, a series of experiments were performed to determine the forming limit diagram. In this paper, an attempt has been made to determine the forming limit diagram for the AA1050 aluminum alloy. The experiments were performed with the help of an industrial robot, KUKA KR 210-2, thus the part can be measured with an optical measuring instrument obtaining the major and minor strain from forming limit diagram.
The Effect of Problematic Smartphone Use on Physical Activity Level
and Musculoskeletal Pain
Authors: Unver Fatma , Buke Meryem 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to examine the effects of problematic
smartphone use on physical activity level and musculoskeletal pain.
Methods Two hundred eighty university students (185 female; 95 male; mean
age: 20.84±2.37 years) were included in the study. The International
Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to determine the level of physical
activity. Problematic smartphone use was determined using the Smartphone
Addiction Scale-Short Form (SAS-SF) and musculoskeletal pain using the Nordic
Musculoskeletal System Questionnaire.
Results When SAS-SF scores were examined, it was seen that 31.8%
(89 people) of the participants had problematic smartphone use. A moderate
negative correlation was found between problematic smartphone use and physical
activity level (p=0.0001; r=−0.419). Neck
(p=0.017) and back pain (p=0.040) severity was higher in people
with problematic smartphone use.
Conclusions The findings show that problematic smartphone use has negative
effects on both physical activity level and pain severity. For this reason,
problematic smartphone use should be questioned in university students with neck
and back pain.
A Practical and Economical Route to (S)-Glycidyl Pivalate
Authors: Cardoso Flavio S. P. , Snead David R. , Noble Jeffrey M. , Chang Le , Chen Dan , Wang Binglin , Dominey Raymond N. , Cook Daniel W. , Burns Justina M. , Stringham Rodger W. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAn efficient method to prepare enantiopure (S)-glycidyl pivalate from (R)-epichlorohydrin and pivalic acid is reported. This work provides an alternative to the synthesis of this important building block from readily available and inexpensive materials.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone-Induced Dyskinesia and Probable Sudden Unexpected Death in an Infant with Early Infantile Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy—Infantile Epileptic Spasm Syndrome Overlap
Authors: Das Suman , Roy Uma Sinha , Biswas Atanu , Chakraborty Uddalak 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA 2.5-month-old infant with global developmental delay, initially had generalized tonic spasms followed by appearance of infantile spasms from 4.5 months of age. Thus, he had evolution from early infantile developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (EIDEE) to infantile epileptic spasm syndrome (IESS). Neuroimaging and screening of inborn errors of metabolism were normal, but sleep electroencephalogram showed suppression-burst pattern. Treatment with intramuscular injections of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) was associated with significant control of infantile spasms, but was followed by development of right hemichoreiform movements 2 days later. Upon continuing ACTH treatment, the dyskinesia generalized, prompting us to stop it and shift to vigabatrin which resulted in partial control of his spasms. Whole-exome sequencing revealed an autosomal dominant heterozygous variation of uncertain significance in the NPRL3 gene. At 6 months of age, he suffered of a probable sudden unexpected death, without any notable illness. The case is unique because both the phenomena—ACTH-induced dyskinesia and probable sudden unexpected death in infancy—are rarely described in the EIDEE-IESS continuum.