bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Albumin to Globulin ratio, Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio, and Globulin levels do not outperform ESR or CRP when diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection
Authors: Jiao Jing-bo , Huang Jin-cheng , Chen Xiao , Jin Yi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the relative performance of clinical readouts including serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), globulin (GLB) levels, the albumin to GLB ratio (A/G), and the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) when diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection (PJI).

Methods
Clinical data was collected from 115 individuals diagnosed in our department between January 2017 and December 2020 with either chronic PJI (29 female, 24 male; median age 71.00 years [range, 41–94 years]) or aseptic loosening (30 female, 32 male; median age 68.50 years [range, 34–85 years]). Patient demographic data were compared, and the relative sensitivity and specificity of preoperative GLB, ESR, CRP, NLR, and A/G values as predictors of PJI diagnosis were assessed.

Results
Median globulin levels in the PJI and aseptic groups were 31.700 g/L (interquartile range [IQR], 28.400—35.300) and 26.600 g/L (IQR, 24.375—30.550), respectively (p < 0.001). The median A/G values in the PJI and aseptic groups were 1.150 (IQR, 0.960—1.255) and 1.510 (IQR, 1.265—1.670), respectively (p < 0.001). The median NLR values in the PJI and aseptic groups were 2.510 (IQR, 1.900—3.335) and 1.850 (IQR, 1.425 to 2.362), respectively (p < 0.001). The median ESR values in the PJI and aseptic groups were 53.000 mm/h (IQR, 35.000—76.500) and 16.000 mm/h (IQR, 7.000—33.000), respectively (p < 0.001). Median CRP levels in the PJI and aseptic groups were 24.890 mg/L (IQR, 10.595—54.095) and 2.245 mg/L (IQR, 0.865—8.6075), respectively (p < 0.001). Area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) values for CRP, ESR, GLB, A/G, and NLR were 0.841 (95% confidence interval, 0.761–0.903), 0.850 (0.771–0.910), 0.747 (0.658–0.824), 0.779 (0.692–0.851), and 0.708 (0.616–0.789), respectively. When GLB > 26.6 g/L, A/G < 1.32, and NLR > 2.1 were utilized as threshold values to diagnose PJI, GLB and A/G were found to exhibit superior sensitivity (90.57%, 81.13%) to that observed for CRP (71.70%) and ESR (79.25%), but the specificity of these two metrics (GLB: 51.61%, A/G: 72.58%) was significantly reduced relative to that for CRP (87.10%) or ESR (75.81%). ROC analyses further revealed that NLR did not exhibit significant advantages in sensitivity (73.58%) or specificity (70.97%) relative to CRP or ESR.

Conclusion
Globulin levels, NLR values, and A/G values do not outperform ESR or CRP levels when used to diagnose PJI.
Development of a model of interprofessional support interventions to enhance brace adherence in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis: a qualitative study
Authors: Provost Myriam , Beauséjour Marie , Ishimo Marie-Claire , Joncas Julie , Labelle Hubert , Le May Sylvie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Brace treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is recognized as effective if the brace is worn as prescribed (20 to 23 hrs/day). Because of its negative biopsychosocial impact on adolescent patients’ quality of life, brace adherence is a common problem (average bracewear of 12 hrs/day). The purpose of this paper is to develop an interprofessional support intervention model to enhance brace adherence in adolescents with scoliosis.

Methods
We enrolled 9 health professionals working with braced patients to participate in individual interviews. Interview guides were built following the Information-Motivation-Strategy Model (DiMatteo et al., Health Psychol Rev 6:74-91, 2012) and the Interprofessional Care Competency Framework (Education UoTCfI, Toronto Acad Health Sci Network, 2017). Thematic analysis was performed to identify the most relevant concepts for designing the intervention model. A panel of 5 clinical experts was recruited to review and validate the intervention model.

Results
Participants suggested educational, motivational, functional, psychological and interprofessional teamwork strategies to improve the support provided to patients and parents and potentially increase brace adherence. Using the emerging themes and their relationships, we designed an Interprofessional Adherence Support (IPAS) intervention model that identifies the actors, activities, structure and intended impacts of the intervention. According to the expert panel, the IPAS model is highly relevant to respond to the brace adherence problem and has potential for implementation in practice.

Conclusion
We designed an interprofessional support intervention model based on professional perspectives in response to the brace adherence problem in adolescents with scoliosis. Plans for implementation of the IPAS model at our scoliosis clinic are under development and considered essential for improving brace treatment outcomes.
Effection of monoplanar pedicle screw on facet joint degeneration in thoracolumbar vertebral fractures
Authors: Ye Bin , Ye Zhengxu , Yan Ming , Huang Peipei , Tu Zhipeng , Wang Zhe , Luo Zhuojing , Hu Xueyu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes and effect on instrument-related facet joints between fixed-axis pedicle screw (FAPS) and monoplanar pedicle screw (MPPS).

Methods
816 pedicle screws of 204 patients with thoracolumbar vertebral fractures (TLVF) who underwent internal fixation surgery were analyzed in this retrospective study. All patients were divided into two groups (FAPS and MPPS). Preoperative, immediate postoperative, and 12–18-months postoperative CT and X-ray, and clinical data, including demographics, preoperative and immediate postoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), blood loss (BL), operation time (OT) and hospital stay time (HST), were collected. Facet joint violation and degeneration grade were evaluated by CT according to Babu’s criteria and Weishaupt’s criteria respectively, and preoperative, immediate postoperative and 12–18-months postoperative anterior body compression index (ABCI) were measured by X-ray.

Results
Postoperative VAS of two groups was lower than preoperative VAS (p < 0.05). BL, OT, and HST were less in MPPS than FAPS, and the difference was statistically significant in BL and HST (p < 0.05) but no in OT (p > 0.05). Immediate postoperative and 12–18-months postoperative ABCI were significantly higher than preoperative (p < 0.05), and the difference of ABCI between immediate postoperative and 12–18-months postoperative were not significant in two groups (p > 0.05). Total violation rate (VR) was about 1.35% (11/816) and FAPS had a lower VR than MPPS, but no significant (p > 0.05). Weishaupt’s criteria revealed that average class (AC) was 0.69 in FAPS and 0.67 in MPPS, and the distribution of degenerated facet joints in two groups did not differ preoperatively (p > 0.05). In 12–18 months postoperatively, AC was significantly higher in FAPS than in MPPS, and the distribution of degenerated facet joints in two groups was significantly different (p < 0.05). The comparison of cranial to caudal joints in two groups revealed that cranial joints had more severe degeneration than caudal joints.

Conclusions
The findings suggested that both MPPS and FAPS were effective for patients with TLVF, but MPPS by percutaneous may be a better choice to avoid adjacent segment degeneration, especially the surgery-involved facet joints degeneration.
Aneurysmal bone cyst of the pelvis and sacrum: a single-center study of 17 cases
Authors: Deventer Niklas , Budny Tymoteusz , Gosheger Georg , de Vaal Marieke , Burkhardt Jana , Deventer Nils 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a benign, but locally aggressive cystic lesion of the bone. It usually occurs in the metaphysis of long bones of adolescents and young adults but can also affect the pelvis.

Methods
This single-center study is a retrospective review of 17 patients with primary ABCs of the pelvis. It examines the importance of polidocanol instillations as minimally invasive treatment option for ABCs of the pelvis compared to intralesional curettage or marginal resection.

Results
Seventeen patients with the diagnosis of a primary ABC of the pelvis were included in the study. Six patients were male (35%) and 11 patients female (65%); the mean age was 18 (9-49) years. The mean follow-up time was 50 months (12-136 months). The most common location of manifestation was the pubis (6; 35%), followed by the ilium (6; 35%), the sacrum (3; 18%) and the ischium (2; 12%). Eight patients were treated by intralesional curettage with the use of adjuvants, one patient by marginal resection, seven by sequential instillation of polidocanol and one patient by simple observation. Five patients received an additional transarterial embolization. After intralesional curettage local recurrence was detected in 4/8 cases (50%). After instillation therapy six patients (86%) had a stable disease without recurrence, only one patient (14%) had a persistent disease with need of additional treatment and was therefore converted to intralesional curettage without local recurrence in the follow-up.

Conclusions
Sequential instillations of polidocanol are a promising, minimally invasive treatment method for ABCs of the pelvis and can be well combined with transarterial embolization.
Fatty liver index for hyperuricemia diagnosis: a community-based cohort study
Authors: Qu Jianchang , Dou Jingtao , Wang Anping , Liu Yingshu , Lin Lu , Chen Kang , Zang Li , Mu Yiming 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Studies have demonstrated the relationship between the fatty liver index (FLI) and metabolism, while few research reported its relationship with hyperuricemia (HUA). This study aimed to predict HUA by determining the relationship between the baseline FLI and HUA events and by validating the FLI–HUA correlation through follow-up.

Methods
This study was a community-based cohort study involving 8851 adults in China. We performed anthropometric assessments and analyzed baseline and follow-up blood samples. HUA was defined as a uric acid level of > 420 µmol/L (7 mg/dL).

Results
Patients with HUA had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus, lipid metabolism disorders, and hypertension and higher FLI values than those with normal uric acid levels (P < 0.001). Serum uric acid was positively correlated with the FLI (r = 0.41, P < 0.001); the diagnostic cut-off value of FLI for the diagnosis of HUA was 27.15, with a specificity of 70.9% and sensitivity of 79.6%. FLI was an independent risk factor for HUA, with a 1.72-, 2.74-, and 4.80-fold increase in the risk of developing HUA with increasing FLI quartile levels compared with the FLI at quartile level 1 (P < 0.001). After a mean follow-up of 4 years, as the FLI values increased compared with the FLI at quartile level 1, the risk of new-onset HUA increased by 3.10-, 4.89-, and 6.97-fold (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
There is a higher incidence of metabolic abnormalities in HUA populations, and FLI is an independent factor that may contribute to HUA development. Therefore, FLI is a potential tool to predict the risk of developing HUA.
Anti-inflammatory effects of lavender and eucalyptus essential oils on the in vitro cell culture model of bladder pain syndrome using T24 cells
Authors: Horváth Adrienn , Pandur Edina , Sipos Katalin , Micalizzi Giuseppe , Mondello Luigi , Böszörményi Andrea , Birinyi Péter , Horváth Györgyi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Interstitial cystitis (IC) has a chronic chemical irritation and inflammation of non-bacterial origin in the bladder wall leading to various severe symptoms. There is evidence that chronic inflammation is significantly associated with abnormal urothelial barrier function, epithelial dysfunction. This is the underlying cause of urothelial apoptosis and sterile inflammation.

Method
The anti-inflammatory effects of lavender and eucalyptus essential oils (EOs) and their main components (linalool and eucalyptol) were investigated in the T24 human bladder epithelial cell line on TNFα stimulated inflammation, at 3 types of treatment schedule. The mRNA of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8) were measured by Real Time PCR. Human IL-8 ELISA measurement was performed as well at 3 types of treatment schedule. The effects of lavender and eucalyptus EOs and their main components were compared to the response to NFκB inhibitor ACHP (2-amino-6-[2-(cyclopropylmethoxy)-6-hydroxyphenyl]-4-(4-piperidinyl)-3-pyridinecarbonitrile).

Result
There is no significant difference statistically, but measurements show that lavender EOs are more effective than eucalyptus EO. Long time treatment (24 h) of both lavender EO and linalool showed higher effect in decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression than ACHP inhibitor following TNFα pre-treatment. Moreover, both lavender EOs were found to be significantly more effective in decreasing IL-8 secretion of T24 cells after TNFα pre-treatment compared to the ACHP NFκB-inhibitor.

Conclusion
The lavender EOs may be suitable for use as an adjunct to intravesical therapy of IC. Their anti-inflammatory effect could well complement glycosaminoglycan-regenerative therapy in the urinary bladder after appropriate pharmaceutical formulation.
Exploring reasons for MD-PhD trainees’ experiences of impostor phenomenon
Authors: Chakraverty Devasmita , Cavazos Jose E. , Jeffe Donna B. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundAcceptance into U.S. MD-PhD dual-degree programs is highly competitive, and the lengthy training program requires transitioning between multiple phases (pre-clinical-, PhD-research-, and clinical-training phases), which can be stressful. Challenges faced during MD-PhD training could exacerbate self-doubt and anxiety. Impostor phenomenon is the experience of feeling like a fraud, with some high-achieving, competent individuals attributing their successes to luck or other factors rather than their own ability and hard work. To our knowledge, impostor phenomenon among MD-PhD trainees has not been described. This study examined impostor phenomenon experiences during MD-PhD training and reasons trainees attributed to these feelings.MethodsIndividuals in science and medicine fields participated in an online survey that included the 20-item Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS); higher scores (range 20–100) indicate more frequent impostor phenomenon. Some respondents who reported experiencing impostor phenomenon also voluntarily completed a semi-structured interview, sharing experiences during training that contributed to feelings of impostor phenomenon. Interview transcripts were coded and analysed using the constant comparative method and analytic induction to identify themes.ResultsOf 959 survey respondents (students and professionals in science and medicine), 13 MD-PhD students and residents completed the survey, nine of whom (five male, four female; four white, five other race-ethnicity) also completed an interview. These participants experienced moderate-to-intense scores on the CIPS (range: 46–96). Four themes emerged from the interview narratives that described participants’ experiences of IP: professional identity formation, fear of evaluation, minority status, and, program-transition experiences. All reported struggling to develop a physician-scientist identity and lacking a sense of belonging in medicine or research.ConclusionsImpostor experiences that MD-PhD participants attributed to bias and micro-aggressions in social interactions with peers, faculty, and patients challenged their professional identity formation as physician-scientists. It is important to further examine how MD-PhD-program structures, cultures, and social interactions can lead to feelings of alienation and experiences of impostor phenomenon, particularly for students from diverse and underrepresented populations in medicine.
Long noncoding RNA Ftx regulates the protein expression profile in HCT116 human colon cancer cells
Authors: Jia Ruzhen , Song Lulu , Fei Zhiqiang , Qin Chengyong , Zhao Qi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) five prime to Xist (Ftx) is involved in distant metastasis in colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to investigate Ftx alteration-induced proteomic changes in the highly metastatic CRC cell line HCT116.

Methods
Tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomics analysis was performed to detect the differential protein expression in Ftx-overexpressing and Ftx-silenced HCT116 cells. The differentially expressed proteins were classified and characterized by bioinformatics analyses, including gene ontology (GO) annotation, GO/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway/protein domain enrichment analyses, as well as hierarchical clustering. A total of 5471 proteins were quantified, and the proteins with |fold change|≥ 1.2 and p < 0.05 were identified as differentially expressed proteins in response to Ftx overexpression or silencing.

Results
The bioinformatics analyses revealed that the differentially expressed proteins were involved in a wide range of GO terms and KEGG signaling pathways and contained multiple protein domains. These terms, pathways, and protein domains were associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis in CRC.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that the alteration of Ftx expression induces proteomic changes in highly metastatic HCT116 cells, suggesting that Ftx and its downstream molecules and signaling pathways could be potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for metastatic CRC.
Differential roles of the Wip1–p38–p53 DNA damage response pathway in early/advanced-stage ovarian clear cell carcinomas
Authors: Xu Chenyang , Minaguchi Takeo , Qi Nan , Fujieda Kaoru , Suto Asami , Itagaki Hiroya , Shikama Ayumi , Tasaka Nobutaka , Akiyama Azusa , Nakao Sari , Ochi Hiroyuki , Satoh Toyomi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is one of the most lethal types of ovarian cancer. Early-stage OCCC can be cured by surgery; however, advanced-stage disease shows poor prognosis due to chemoresistance unlike the more common high-grade serous carcinoma.

Methods
We explored the differential roles of the Wip1–p38–p53 DNA damage response pathway in respective early- or advanced-stage OCCC by immunohistochemistry of Wip1, phospho-p38, p53, and phospho-p53 from consecutive 143 patients.

Results
High Wip1 expression correlated with positive p53 (p=0.011), which in turn correlated with low nuclear phospho-p38 expression (p=0.0094). In the early stages, positive p53 showed trends toward worse overall survival (OS) (p=0.062), whereas in the advanced stages, high Wip1 correlated with worse OS (p=0.0012). The univariate and multivariate analyses of prognostic factors indicated that high Wip1 was significant and independent for worse OS (p=0.011) in the advanced stages, but not in the early stages. Additionally, high Wip1 showed trends toward shorter treatment-free interval (TFI) in the advanced stages, but not in the early stages (p=0.083 vs. 0.93). Furthermore, high Wip1 was significantly associated with positive p53 only in the patients with shorter TFI (<6 months), but not in those with longer TFI (≥6 months) (p=0.036 vs. 0.34).

Conclusions
Wip1 appears to play a crucial role for the prognosis of OCCC through chemoresistance specifically in the advanced stages, implicating that Wip1 possibly serves as a reasonable therapeutic target for improving chemoresistance and poor prognosis of advanced-stage OCCC.
Frequency of complete remission after standard 3+7 induction therapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Shireen Iram , Komal Sumra , Ansari Abida Mateen , Meraj Lubna 
Published: April 2022

Objectives: To find the frequency of complete remission rate after standard 3+7 induction therapy in patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) among different clinicopathological groups.
Methods: Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to collect data from July 2016 to Jan 2017, conducted at Department of Oncology, Jinnah Hospital Lahore. Sample size of 50 cases was calculated with 95% confidence level, 14% margin of error and taking expected percentage of complete remission (CR) 57% in AML patients after 3+7 induction therapy.
Results: Out of 46 patients, majority had AML-M2. AML- Not Otherwise Specified (NOS) disease. Most common pathological presentation was Total Leucocyte Count (TLC) of <50,000/mm3 (60%) as compared to patients with hyperleukocytosis i.e., TLC >50,000/mm3 (40%). Twenty-two percent had low Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) level involvement and 78% had high LDH level involvement. As compared to target of 57 %, complete response was observed in 54% patients, (p<0.02) with better results in younger age group, male patients with low LDH and TLC level.
Conclusion: It was concluded that 3+7 induction chemotherapy has 54% CR rates in patients with AML. Whereas, in AML-M5, AML-M6, AML-NOS patients especially, with high LDH and TLC and patients with advanced age, CR rate is low and needs more aggressive treatment.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5249
How to cite this:Shireen I, Komal S, Ansari AM, Meraj L. Frequency of complete remission after standard 3+7 induction therapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5249
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Macrosomia predictors and pregnancy outcomes in Gestational Diabetes patients: An observational study from Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Parveen Nuzhat , Iqbal Naveed , Batool Asma , Mahmoud Tariq , Ali Syeda 
Published: April 2022

Objectives: To determine the prevalence, risk factors for macrosomia and pregnancy outcome in women with gestational diabetes (GDM).
Methods: In this prospective observational study, we included the data of 161 pregnant females diagnosed with GDM. The study was conducted from December 1st, 2020 to June 30, 2021, at the Maternity and Children Hospital (MCH) of Hail, Saudi Arabia. The data regarding risk factors of macrosomia was obtained from each patient. The patients were followed till the delivery of the baby. The data regarding the prevalence of fetal macrosomia and its associated outcomes was noted.
Results: The prevalence of fetal macrosomia was 19.8%. Maternal obesity (OR 4.87), poorly controlled diabetes (OR 3.3), previous history of good-sized baby (OR 2.30), previous history of congenital abnormalities (OR 7.2) were the significant risk factors of fetal macrosomia. The prevalence of maternal and fetal complications was high among pregnancies complicated by fetal macrosomia. The prevalence of fetal macrosomia and other fetal complications was high in poorly controlled GDM patients in comparison to optimal control GDM patients.
Conclusion: Fetal macrosomia is a common complication among GDM patients. Maternal obesity and poorly controlled diabetes are the common modifiable maternal factors contributing to macrosomia.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5809
How to cite this:Parveen N, Iqbal N, Batool A, Mahmoud T, Ali S. Macrosomia predictors and pregnancy outcomes in Gestational Diabetes patients: An observational study from Ha’il, Saudi Arabia. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5809
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.