bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and efficacy of different tirofiban administration routes on acute ischemic stroke patients with successful recanalization: A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Guo Wenting , Xu Jiali , Ma Linqing , Ma Jin , Li Sijie , Ren Changhong , Wu Longfei , Wu Chuanjie , Li Chuanhui , Chen Jian , Duan Jiangang , Ma Qingfeng , Song Haiqing , Zhao Wenbo , Ji Xunming 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the effect of different administration routes of a low dose of tirofiban on acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with successful recanalization after endovascular treatment (EVT).MethodsThis is a cohort study that retrospectively analyzed data of patients with AIS who underwent EVT and achieved successful recanalization from a prospective registry. Eligible patients were divided into three groups according to their use of tirofiban. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance baseline bias. Safety outcomes included any intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and symptomatic ICH (sICH). Efficacy outcomes included arterial reocclusion, in‐hospital mortality, 3‐month mortality, and 3‐month functional outcomes.ResultsWe included 821 patients with 306 in the no tirofiban group, 202 in the IA + IV tirofiban group, and 313 in the IV tirofiban group. After PSM, each group included 101 patients with balanced baseline characteristics. There was no difference between the IV tirofiban group and the no tirofiban group in terms of safety and efficacy outcomes (all p > 0.05). Compared with no tirofiban, IA + IV tirofiban group did not increase ICH (30.7% vs. 37.6%, p > 0.05) and sICH (6.9% vs. 17.8%, p > 0.05) whereas reduced 3‐month mortality (14.3% vs. 28.7%, p < 0.05) and improved 3‐month modified Rankin Scale (median 3 vs. 4, p < 0.05).ConclusionsA low dose of tirofiban, regardless of their administration routes, was safe for AIS patients who achieved successful recanalization with EVT, whereas only IA + IV tirofiban improved clinical outcomes.
Downregulated ferroptosis‐related gene SQLE facilitates temozolomide chemoresistance, and invasion and affects immune regulation in glioblastoma
Authors: Yao Lei , Li Juanni , Zhang Xiaofang , Zhou Lei , Hu Kuan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractChemoresistance in patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a common reason hindering the success of treatment. Recently, ferroptosis has been reported to be associated with chemoresistance in different types of cancer, while the role of ferroptosis‐related genes in GBM have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to demonstrate the roles and mechanism of ferroptosis‐related genes in chemoresistance and metastasis of GBM. First, two candidate genes, squalene epoxidase (SQLE) and FANCD2, were identified to be associated with ferroptosis‐related chemoresistance in GBM from three temozolomide (TMZ) therapeutic datasets and one ferroptosis‐related gene dataset. Then, comprehensive bio‐informatics data from different databases testified that SQLE was significantly downregulated both in GBM tissue and cells and displayed a better prognosis in GBM. Clinical data identified lower expression of SQLE was significantly associated with WHO grade and 1p/19q codeletion. Moreover, through in vitro experiments, SQLE was confirmed to suppress ERK‐mediated TMZ chemoresistance and metastasis of GBM cells. The KEGG analysis of SQLE‐associated co‐expressed genes indicated SQLE was potentially involved in the cell cycle. Furthermore, SQLE was found to have the most significant correlations with tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes and immunomodulators. These findings highlighted that SQLE could be a potential target and a biomarker for therapy and prognosis of patients with GBM.
A proof of concept using the Ussing chamber methodology to study pediatric intestinal drug transport and age‐dependent differences in absorption
Authors: Streekstra Eva J. , Kiss Márton , van den Heuvel Jeroen , Nicolaï Johan , van den Broek Petra , Botden Sanne M. B. I. , Stommel Martijn W. J. , van Rijssel Lara , Ungell Anna‐Lena , van de Steeg Evita , Russel Frans G. M. , de Wildt Saskia N. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLittle is known about the impact of age on the processes governing human intestinal drug absorption. The Ussing chamber is a system to study drug transport across tissue barriers, but it has not been used to study drug absorption processes in children. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of the Ussing chamber methodology to assess pediatric intestinal drug absorption. Furthermore, differences between intestinal drug transport processes of children and adults were explored as well as the possible impact of age. Fresh terminal ileal leftover tissues from both children and adults were collected during surgery and prepared for Ussing chamber experiments. Paracellular (enalaprilat), transcellular (propranolol), and carrier‐mediated drug transport by MDR1 (talinolol) and BCRP (rosuvastatin) were determined with the Ussing chamber methodology. We calculated apparent permeability coefficients and efflux ratios and explored their relationship with postnatal age. The success rate for the Ussing chamber experiments, as determined by electrophysiological measurements, was similar between children (58%, N = 15, median age: 44 weeks; range 8 weeks to 17 years) and adults (67%, N = 13). Mean serosal to mucosal transport of talinolol by MDR1 and rosuvastatin by BCRP was higher in adult than in pediatric tissues (p = 0.0005 and p = 0.0091). In contrast, within our pediatric cohort, there was no clear correlation for efflux transport across different ages. In conclusion, the Ussing chamber is a suitable model to explore pediatric intestinal drug absorption and can be used to further elucidate ontogeny of individual intestinal pharmacokinetic processes like drug metabolism and transport.
Hearing about a story character's negative emotional reaction to having been dishonest causes young children to cheat less
Authors: Zhao Li , Li Yingying , Sun Wenjin , Zheng Yi , Harris Paul L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThere is extensive research on the development of cheating in early childhood but research on how to reduce it is rare. The present preregistered study examined whether telling young children about a story character's emotional reactions towards cheating could significantly reduce their tendency to cheat (N = 400; 199 boys; Age: 3–6 years). Results showed that telling older kindergarten children about the story character's negative emotional reaction towards rule violation significantly reduced cheating, but telling them about the positive emotional reaction towards rule adherence did not. These results show that children as young as age 5 are able to use information about another child's emotional reaction to guide their own moral behavior. In particular, highlighting another child's negative emotional reaction towards a moral transgression may be an effective way to reduce cheating in early childhood. This finding, along with earlier cheating reduction findings, suggests that although cheating is common in early childhood, simple methods can reduce its occurrence.
Teaching binary logistic regression modeling in an introductory business analytics course
Authors: Hoang Viet‐Ngu , Watson Justin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThere is an increasing demand to introduce Introductory Business Analytics (IBA) courses into undergraduate business education. Many real‐world business contexts require predictive analytics to understand the determinants of a dichotomous outcome; hence, IBA courses should include binary logistic regression analysis. This article provides our reflective discussions on the design of learning activities and assessments to assist business students in learning binary logistic regression in an IBA course. Data on student engagement and learning outcomes are used to shed light on the impacts of teaching logistic regression on student learning and experience. Notably, students opt to focus their assessment work more on logistic regression than on multiple regression analysis, showing the potential attraction of students toward binary logistic regression analysis. We also observed several challenges, mainly related to the use of Excel, that require special attention from instructors.
The settlers’ fortunes: Comparing tax censuses in the Cape Colony and early American republic
Authors: Fourie Johan , Garmon Frank 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEuropeans at the end of the eighteenth century had settled across the globe, from North and South America to Australia to the southern tip of Africa. While theories of institutional persistence explain the ‘reversal of fortunes’ between settled and unsettled regions, few studies consider the large differences in early living standards between settler societies. This paper uses newly transcribed household‐level tax censuses from the Dutch and British Cape Colony and the United States shortly after independence to show comparative levels of income and wealth over four decades both between the two regions and within them. Cape farmers were, on average, more affluent than their American counterparts. While crop output and livestock were more unequally distributed at the Cape, ownership of enslaved people in America was more unequal. There was little indication of an imminent reversal of fortunes.
Differentiation of the motor cost associated with cognitive tasks in Parkinson's disease: A dual‐task study
Authors: Uribe Paula , Fuentes Natalia , Álvarez‐Ruf Joel , Cornejo Isabel , Mariman Juan J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractParkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative condition associated with motor and cognitive impairments. While the execution of dual cognitive‐motor tasks imposes a cost on gait velocity, it has been barely determined if the gait deterioration depends on the specific cognitive domain involved in the dual‐task. Twenty‐four subjects (12 patients with Parkinson's disease and 12 healthy subjects) carried out a single task (gait alone) and several dual tasks where the concurrent second task was the Trail Making Test (Part A) and the six tasks of the Frontal Assessment Battery. Gait variables were measured by accelerometry via smartphone. Data analysis included analysis of variance (ANOVA) and exploratory factorial analysis. Both groups showed a similar gait performance, except for velocity, where patients exhibited a bradykinetic profile. The dual‐task during the Trail Making Test showed the highest motor cost. Frontal Assessment Battery's tasks as conceptualization, mental flexibility and motor programming showed a higher motor cost than the other tasks (sensibility to interference, inhibitory control and environmental autonomy). The factorial analysis applied to the motor costs confirmed two profiles, grouping those related to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (mental flexibility and motor programming tasks) in an independent factor. Among cognitive functions, attention is critical for gait control in Parkinson's disease and healthy elderly people. The interference posed by several executive operations suggests a specific competition in prefrontal regions that support dual tasks. Moreover, the higher cost for patients with Parkinson's disease patients emphasizes the cognitive decline and compensatory cognitive strategy for gait control related to attention and executive functions.
Integrating eco‐evolutionary dynamics and modern coexistence theory
Authors: Yamamichi Masato , Gibbs Theo , Levine Jonathan M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCommunity ecology typically assumes that competitive exclusion and species coexistence are unaffected by evolution on the time scale of ecological dynamics. However, recent studies suggest that rapid evolution operating concurrently with competition may enable species coexistence. Such findings necessitate general theory that incorporates the coexistence contributions of eco‐evolutionary processes in parallel with purely ecological mechanisms and provides metrics for quantifying the role of evolution in shaping competitive outcomes in both modelling and empirical contexts. To foster the development of such theory, here we extend the interpretation of the two principal metrics of modern coexistence theory—niche and competitive ability differences—to systems where competitors evolve. We define eco‐evolutionary versions of these metrics by considering how invading and resident species adapt to conspecific and heterospecific competitors. We show that the eco‐evolutionary niche and competitive ability differences are sums of ecological and evolutionary processes, and that they accurately predict the potential for stable coexistence in previous theoretical studies of eco‐evolutionary dynamics. Finally, we show how this theory frames recent empirical assessments of rapid evolution effects on species coexistence, and how empirical work and theory on species coexistence and eco‐evolutionary dynamics can be further integrated.
Risk factors for lameness elimination in British endurance riding
Authors: Bloom Fiona , Draper Stephen , Bennet Euan , Marlin David , Williams Jane 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundHorse welfare is a priority in the equine sport of endurance riding. Identification and reduction of risk factors associated with elimination and lameness have been the focus of research to date, however, this has centred on international competition. National federations recognise there is a need to consider risk factors for elimination at a more local level.ObjectivesDetermine current risk factors associated with horse eliminations, specifically lameness eliminations within British endurance.Study designRetrospective cohort study.MethodsData were extracted from the Endurance GB database, for open and advanced horses, competing in rides >64 km in the 2017 and 2018 competitive seasons. Variables were analysed via univariable models which informed subsequent multivariable binary logistic regression modelling. Two models were completed: (A) horse eliminated vs. not eliminated and (B) horse lame vs. not lame.ResultsOne thousand seven hundred and forty‐seven competitive starts were analysed; 542 horses were eliminated. Lameness accounted for 56.1% (n = 304) of eliminations. Multivariable analysis identified decreased odds of lameness in graded rides compared with race rides (adjusted odds ratio, OR 0.6; 95% confidence interval, CI 0.4–0.8). There were increased odds of elimination (OR 4.7, CI 3.5–6.5) and increased odds of lameness (OR 1.9, CI 1.2–3.06) when competing in FEI competitions of 2* and above, compared to rides run under national rules. Horses and riders who had not competed as a combination previously had increased odds of elimination (OR 2.2, CI 1.5–3.02).Main limitationsVariables which can influence performance such as speed, environmental and topographical conditions were not recorded in the data set. Only two seasons of data were analysed.ConclusionsCompetitive history of horses, including the number of previous starts, previous eliminations and the category of ride entered are significant in establishing the likelihood of elimination and more specifically lameness elimination in British national endurance.
Child–parent relationship during the Wuhan COVID‐19 lockdown: Role of changes in preschool children's daily routines
Authors: Tan Tony Xing , Wang Joy Huanhuan , Wang Peng , Huang Yu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe examined the impact of the strict lockdown on 130 preschool‐age children's daily routines and how their routine changes from pre‐lockdown were related to child–parent relationship quality during the lockdown.BackgroundTo contain the spread of the COVID‐19, the city of Wuhan underwent a strict 76‐day lockdown, during which children's routines were drastically altered, yet families did not have a frame of reference to use to determine how changes in children's routines would be related to their family dynamics.MethodParents provided survey data on the amount of time their children spent daily on learning, screen devices, play and exercise, and nighttime sleep before, during, and after the lockdown. The also described general family functioning, child–parent closeness, and child–parent conflict during the lockdown.ResultsThe lockdown led to changes in all four routines, but all returned to pre‐lockdown level after the lockdown was lifted. Regression analyses showed that decrease in play and exercise time was related to less child–parent closeness, and decrease in learning time and increase in nighttime sleep time were related to more child–parent conflict.ConclusionFindings suggested changes in the children's play and exercise time, learning time, and nighttime sleep time were related to negative child–parent relationship (i.e., less closeness or more conflict), but favorable general functioning was a protective factor.ImplicationsOur study highlighted family resilience in restoring the children's routines after the lockdown, as well as family vulnerability during the lockdown, as changes in three of the four routines examined were linked to negative child–parent relationship.
Geographic range size, water temperature, and extrinsic threats predict the extinction risk in global cetaceans
Authors: Chen Chuanwu , Jefferson Thomas A. , Chen Bingyao , Wang Yanping 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDespite the fact that cetaceans provide significant ecological contributions to the health and stability of aquatic ecosystems, many are highly endangered with nearly one‐third of species assessed as threatened with extinction. Nevertheless, to date, few studies have explicitly examined the patterns and processes of extinction risk and threats for this taxon, and even less between the two subclades (Mysticeti and Odontoceti). To fill this gap, we compiled a dataset of six intrinsic traits (active region, geographic range size, body weight, diving depth, school size, and reproductive cycle), six environmental factors relating to sea surface temperature and chlorophyll concentration, and two human‐related threat indices that are commonly recognized for cetaceans. We then employed phylogenetic generalized least squares models and model selection to identify the key predictors of extinction risk in all cetaceans, as well as in the two subclades. We found that geographic range size, sea surface temperature, and human threat index were the most important predictors of extinction risk in all cetaceans and in odontocetes. Interestingly, maximum body weight was positively associated with the extinction risk in mysticetes, but negatively related to that for odontocetes. By linking seven major threat types to extinction risk, we further revealed that fisheries bycatch was the most common threat, yet the impacts of certain threats could be overestimated when considering all species rather than just threatened ones. Overall, we suggest that conservation efforts should focus on small‐ranged cetaceans and species living in warmer waters or under strong anthropogenic pressures. Moreover, further studies should consider the threatened status of species when superimposing risk maps and quantifying risk severity. Finally, we emphasize that mysticetes and odontocetes should be conserved with different strategies, because their extinction risk patterns and major threat types are considerably different. For instance, large‐bodied mysticetes and small‐ranged odontocetes require special conservation priority.
Abortion mobilities
Authors: Engle Olivia 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAbortion mobilities emerged within political geography and the reproductive mobilities scholarship to address extant theoretical and empirical gaps in these fields. This paper seeks to highlight and assess the abortion mobilities scholarship to date. Starting with a working definition of abortion mobilities, this paper argues for the relevance of abortion to political geography and outlines three key themes in political geography that abortion mobilities address: borders, states and anti‐genderism, intersectional politics and reproductive justice, and activism and abortion pills.
A chemo‐mechanical coupled constitutive model applied to the oxidation simulation of SiC/SiC composite
Authors: Bian Jie , Chen Xihui , Sun Zhigang , Niu Xuming , Yao Xubo , Wu Weijing , Song Yingdong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHerein, a chemo‐mechanical coupled constitutive and failure model is proposed to predict the tensile behavior of SiC/SiC composites under oxidizing environments. The diffusion of O2 through the oxide scale and the oxidation reaction of SiC/O2 are modeled and implemented in finite element software, through a user‐defined element. Numerical validation studies and tests are conducted on a domestic SiC fiber. An orthotropic constitutive model for reinforcements, which considers modulus reduction due to oxidation damage, and a continuum damage model associated with O2 diffusion along the micro‐cracks in the SiC matrix are subsequently presented. The developed framework is used to simulate the mechanical behavior and oxidation process of a single fiber SiC/SiC composite.
The mediating role of psychological needs on the relationship between perceived organizational support and work engagement
Authors: Ni Yun‐xia , Wu Dan , Bao Yun , Li Ji‐ping , You Gui‐ying 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimTo examine the mediating effect of basic psychological needs on the relationship between perceived organizational support and work engagement among nurses.BackgroundThe satisfaction of basic psychological needs is crucial for breeding and sustaining individuals’ intrinsic motivation. Little is known about the underlying motivational mechanisms that explain the relationship among perceived organizational support, basic psychological needs, and work engagement in a nursing context.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional online survey. A sample of 858 nurses from 12 hospitals was surveyed on their perceived organizational support, basic psychological needs, and work engagement. Structural equation models and bootstrapping methods were used to examine the hypotheses. STROBE reporting guidelines were utilized.ResultsPerceived organizational support was positively associated with basic psychological needs and work engagement. Basic psychological needs were positively associated with work engagement. Basic psychological needs mediated the relationship between perceived organizational and work engagement.ConclusionPerceived organizational support may enhance work engagement by fulfilling the basic psychological needs of nurses.Implications for nursing and nursing policyBasic psychological needs deserve more attention in nursing organizations. Managers should seek optimal strategies to fulfill nurses’ needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness to stimulate their intrinsic motivation to enhance work engagement.
The versatility of tensor fascia lata allografts for soft tissue reconstruction
Authors: Park Tae Hwan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this retrospective study was to introduce our successful use of tensor fascia lata allograft to reconstruct various soft tissue defects. Since May 2021, we have applied tensor fascia lata allografts in eight cases. A frozen type of fascia of 0.6 mm thickness was used in all cases, and allografts were covered by vascularized soft tissue. We used tensor fascia lata allograft in eight cases to cover the infected wounds, donor site closure, and pedicle protections. These were abdominal wall and back reconstructions following rectus muscle and latissimus dorsi muscle harvest, coverage of infected spine wound after posterior fusion, pressure ulcer reconstruction, and pedicle protection of free and pedicle flaps. The follow‐up periods were from one to 14 months. None of the cases showed wound problems after initial reconstruction using tensor fascia lata allografts. Tensor fascia lata allograft could be an excellent cost‐effective surgical option comparable to autologous tissue grafts. Level of evidence: IV.