bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical implications of low estimated protein intake in patients with heart failure
Authors: Streng Koen W. , Hillege Hans L. , ter Maaten Jozine M. , van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , Dickstein Kenneth , Ng Leong L. , Samani Nilesh J. , Metra Marco , Ponikowski Piotr , Cleland John G. , Anker Stefan D. , Romaine Simon P.R. , Damman Kevin , van der Meer Peter , Lang Chim C. , Voors Adriaan A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundA higher protein intake has been associated with a higher muscle mass and lower mortality rates in the general population, but data about protein intake and survival in patients with heart failure (HF) are lacking.MethodsWe studied the prevalence, predictors, and clinical outcome of estimated protein intake in 2516 patients from the BIOlogy Study to TAilored Treatment in Chronic Heart Failure (BIOSTAT‐CHF) index cohort. Protein intake was calculated in spot urine samples using a validated formula [13.9 + 0.907 * body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) + 0.0305 * urinary urea nitrogen level (mg/dL)]. Association with mortality was assessed using multivariable Cox regression models. All findings were validated in an independent cohort.ResultsWe included 2282 HF patients (mean age 68 ± 12 years and 27% female). Lower estimated protein intake in HF patients was associated with a lower BMI, but with more signs of congestion. Mortality rate in the lowest quartile was 32%, compared with 18% in the highest quartile (P < 0.001). In a multivariable model, lower estimated protein intake was associated with a higher risk of death compared with the highest quartile [hazard ratio (HR) 1.50; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03–2.18, P = 0.036 for the lowest quartile and HR 1.46; 95% CI 1.00–2.18, P = 0.049 for the second quartile].ConclusionsAn estimated lower protein intake was associated with a lower BMI, but signs of congestion were more prevalent. A lower estimated protein intake was independently associated with a higher mortality risk.
Investigating the performance and mechanism of nitrogen gas fixation and conversion to ammonia based on biocathode bioelectrochemistry system
Authors: Li Fang‐fang , Li Fei‐fei , Lin Yu , Guo Li‐jun , Zhang Lu‐lu , Li Rui , Tian Qi‐yuan , Wang Yun‐fang , Wang Ya‐wen , Zhang Xiao‐chao , Liu Jian‐xin , Fan Cai‐mei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundNowadays, microbial electrochemistry is widely used to produce valuable products (CH4, CH3CH2OH, CH3COOH, etc.) from carbon dioxide. Meanwhile, given that low‐value nitrogen (N2) is abundantly available as a feedstock for chemicals, thus ammonia (NH3) synthesis using bioelectrochemistry is still a promising technology. However, considering N2 stability and ammonium (NH4+) adsorption with a proton exchange membrane, developing suitable microbial systems for NH3 synthesis still faces challenges. Based on this, we developed a single‐chamber biocathode bioelectrochemical system for efficient NH3 production.ResultsFor the reaction system that we constructed, NH4+ production reached 6.31 mg L−1 within 10 days, and NH4+ production was positively correlated with current density. A C2H2 reduction assay further verified the activity of nitrogenase enzyme. Microbial community analysis revealed that Clostridia plays a crucial role in the N2 fixation process, and the synergistic interaction between different microorganisms favors electron transfer and an increase in NH3 production.ConclusionsThe results of a series of experiments have proved that this green and economical method can be used to efficiently generate NH4+. This reaction system not only utilizes the advantages of obtaining electrons for reduction reaction, but also improves electron transfer and avoids the shortcomings of NH4+ adsorption. Additionally, this in‐depth study of N2 fixation mechanism provides a theoretical reference for other applications of bioelectrochemical systems. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Synthesis and characterization of polyhydroxyalkanoates from soil bacterium Bacillus sp. PhNs9
Authors: Patil Pritam Bajirao , Sarkar Debapriya , Poddar Kasturi , Sarkar Angana 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundSynthetic plastic pollution has increased tremendously over the past few decades. Supplanting synthetic plastics with a biodegradable alternative could save the biosphere from the drastic effects of plastic pollution. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) have been identified with the potential to become a feasible option.ResultsA bacterial strain isolated from pavement soil was investigated for its PHA production ability. The isolated strain was found to be non‐virulent, and susceptible to various antibiotics, especially cefalexin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, norfloxacin and ofloxacin. The carbohydrate utilization profile revealed that isolated bacteria can utilize different carbohydrates with a variable rate of consumption. The 16S rRNA identification revealed that the strain was related to the Bacillus genus. The produced PHA was predicted to be polyhydroxybutyrate as suggested by differential scanning calorimetry and NMR, Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopies. Moreover, the hydrophobic nature of the PHA produced was confirmed by contact angle measurement. The growth, production and substrate utilization kinetics revealed the specific growth rate of Bacillus sp. PhNs9 was 0.07 h−1, specific biomass productivity was 0.06 g L−1 h−1 and specific PHA productivity was 0.05 g L−1 h−1. The yield of PHA from biomass was found to be 0.67 g per gram of biomass.ConclusionsThe yield of PHA from the isolated strain was found to be higher than that of most earlier reports. Hence the findings of this study could catalyze the progress to completely move away from the use of synthetic plastics and replace them with an economical and sustainable solution. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Gallai–Ramsey number for K5 ${K}_{5}$
Authors: Magnant Colton , Schiermeyer Ingo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGiven a graph , the ‐colored Gallai–Ramsey number is defined to be the minimum integer such that every ‐coloring of the edges of the complete graph on vertices contains either a rainbow triangle or a monochromatic copy of Fox et al. conjectured the values of the Gallai–Ramsey numbers for complete graphs. Recently, this conjecture has been verified for the first open case, when . In this paper we attack the next case, when . Surprisingly it turns out, that the validity of the conjecture depends upon the (yet unknown) value of the Ramsey number . It is known that and conjectured that . If , then Fox et al.'s conjecture is true and we present a complete proof. If, however, , then Fox et al.'s conjecture is false, meaning that exactly one of these conjectures is true while the other is false. For the case when , we show lower and upper bounds for the Gallai–Ramsey number .
Vaccination strategy for preventing the spread of SARS‐CoV‐2 in the limited supply condition: A mathematical modeling study
Authors: Lin Yi‐Fan , Li Yuwei , Duan Qibin , Lei Hao , Tian Dechao , Xiao Shenglan , Jiang Yawen , Sun Caijun , Du Xiangjun , Shu Yuelong , Zou Huachun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTo mitigate SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission, vaccines have been urgently approved. With their limited availability, it is critical to distribute the vaccines reasonably. We simulated the SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission for 365 days over four intervention periods: free transmission, structural mitigation, personal mitigation, and vaccination. Sensitivity analyses were performed to obtain robust results. We further evaluated two proposed vaccination allocations, including one‐dose‐high‐coverage and two‐doses‐low‐coverage, when the supply was low. 33.35% (infection rate, 2.68 in 10 million people) and 40.54% (2.36) of confirmed cases could be avoided as the nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) adherence rate rose from 50% to 70%. As the vaccination coverage reached 60% and 80%, the total infections could be reduced by 32.72% and 41.19%, compared to the number without vaccination. When the durations of immunity were 90 and 120 days, the infection rates were 2.67 and 2.38. As the asymptomatic infection rate rose from 30% to 50%, the infection rate increased 0.92 (SD, 0.16) times. Conditioned on 70% adherence rate, with the same amount of limited available vaccines, the 20% and 40% vaccination coverage of one‐dose‐high‐coverage, the infection rates were 2.70 and 2.35; corresponding to the two‐doses‐low‐coverage with 10% and 20% vaccination coverage, the infection rates were 3.22 and 2.92. Our results indicated as the duration of immunity prolonged, the second wave of SARS‐CoV‐2 would be delayed and the scale would be declined. On average, the total infections in two‐doses‐low‐coverage was 1.48 times (SD, 0.24) as high as that in one‐dose‐high‐coverage. It is crucial to encourage people in order to improve vaccination coverage and establish immune barriers. Particularly when the supply is limited, a wiser strategy to prevent SARS‐CoV‐2 is equally distributing doses to the same number of individuals. Besides vaccination, NPIs are equally critical to the prevention of widespread of SARS‐CoV‐2.
Trajectories of Change in Creative and Personal Factors in First‐Year Creative Arts Therapies Students
Authors: Diamant Adi , Orkibi Hod 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThere is little research on the transformational processes of creative arts therapies (CATs) students during training compared to other healthcare professions. CATs training relies on arts‐based experiential learning that can develop the therapist’s creative self‐beliefs, psychological mindedness, and perspective‐taking. This single group pre–post study examined the changes in these unstudied, yet essential, creative and personal factors in a sample of 191 CATs students in the first year of their master’s degree program in Israel. It was hypothesized that students would report a statistically significant increase in creative and personal measures from the beginning to the end of their first year of training, but this hypothesis was only partially supported. There were different development trajectories in each CATs discipline in terms of creative identity, creative self‐efficacy, psychological mindedness, and perspective‐taking. The discussion sheds light on these results by considering the domain‐specific differences between the CATs disciplines and their respective training approaches, and through follow‐up interview data collected from trainers in each CATs track. This study thus contributes to a better understanding of the trajectories of change of these attributes in CATs students. Training programs should consider these results when building curricula, to nurture the balance between students’ artistic and helping competencies.
Influence of different kinds of fatty acids on the behavior, structure and digestibility of high amylose maize starch–fatty acid complexes
Authors: Sun Shenglin , Hua Shuxian , Hong Yan , Gu Zhengbiao , Cheng Li , Ban Xiaofeng , Li Zhaofeng , Li Caiming , Zhou Jingwen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe formation of starch–lipid complexes is of interest to food processing and human nutrition. Fatty acid (FA) structure is important for the formation and structure of starch–FA complexes. However, there is limited research regarding the complexing behavior between amylose and different kinds of FAs, as well as the relationship between fine structures and digestibility of the formed complexes. This study aimed to investigate the behavior, fine structure, and digestibility of complexes formed between high amylose maize starch (HMS) and FA having various chain lengths and unsaturation degrees.RESULTSComplexes containing different FA structures showed V6III‐type crystals. Complexes containing 18‐carbon unsaturated FAs displayed significantly higher complexing index (P < 0.05) than other complexes. Complexes containing 12‐carbon FAs and 18‐carbon FAs with one unsaturation degree showed a higher degree of structural order and resistant starch (RS) content than other complexes. The 12‐carbon FAs exhibited a higher binding degree with helical cavity of amylose than other FAs. Additionally, 10‐carbon and 18‐carbon saturated FAs tended to combine with HMS outside amylose helices more than other FAs. Laser confocal micro‐Raman imaging revealed that the physically embedded 10‐carbon and 18‐carbon saturated FAs showed heterogeneous distribution in complexes, and that the complexed 18‐carbon FAs with one unsaturation degree exhibited homogeneous distribution.CONCLUSIONThe behavior, structural order and digestibility of complexes could be regulated by FA structure. The 12‐carbon FAs and 18‐carbon FAs with one unsaturation degree were more suitable for the production of HMS–FA complexes with higher structural order and RS content than other FAs. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
The ideal harvest time for seed production in maize (Zea mays L.) varieties of different maturity groups
Authors: Han Dengxu , Hu Hairui , Yang Jie , Liang Xiaoling , Ai Junmin , Abula Abulaiti , Li Mingdong , Wang Yejian , Xi Haojiang , Li Li , Gu Riliang , Wang Jianhua 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe correct time for harvesting is a key factor contributing to the production of high‐quality maize seeds. We conducted field experiments to harvest seeds at 11 developmental stages for 3 years, to investigate seed vigor traits in three early maturity maize varieties and two late maturity varieties in one location.RESULTSSignificant correlations (r = 0.72 ~ 0.89) were found among six seed‐related traits: standard germination (SG), accelerated aging germination (AAG), cold test germination (CTG), hundred‐seed weight (HSW), seed moisture content (SMC), and ≥ 10 °C accumulated temperature from pollination to harvest (AT10). Analysis of variance showed that harvest stage, year, and variety had significant effects on all traits, and harvest stage displayed the greatest effect. The responses of SG, AAG, CTG, HSW and SMC to harvest stage fitted quadratic models, and AT10 fitted a linear model. From the quadratic models, an ideal harvest time (IHT, the final date to reach maximum SG, AAG, and CTG) could be calculated for each variety. The three early maturity varieties reached their IHT at 54.94–58.44 days after pollination (DAP); the two later maturity varieties reached IHT several days later (at 59.87–59.90 DAP). The early maturity varieties consistently required less AT10 to reach the IHT than the later maturity varieties. However, all of the varieties reached the IHT at similar SMC levels of about 35%.CONCLUSIONThe later maturity varieties reached the IHT at later DAPs when they acquired more AT10 than the early maturity varieties but both reached it at similar SMC levels. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
A systematic study of Surface Plasmon Enhanced Electric Field in Nanoparticle Dimers for UV Plasmonics
Authors: Juneja Soniya , Agrwal Akansha , Seth Deepti 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSurface plasmon mediated electric field enhancement in the dimer arrangement of Al, Ag and, Au nanoparticles using multipole spectral expansion (MSE) approach has been studied. MSE method has flexibility and simplicity in extending the approach to treat an arbitrary arrangement of nanoparticles by solving corresponding general eigenvalue problem. The field enhancement behavior of Al, Ag, and Au nanoparticle dimers has been investigated, covering UV–VIS spectral range. The role of embedding medium, particle–particle separation, and the metal type were studied. The resonance wavelength showed the red shift with increasing the dielectric constant of the ingrained material. The red shift with increasing particle size and the dielectric constant of embedded or ingrained medium has been studied. This study was used to design plasmonic nanoparticle dimer with resonant optical response at crucial wavelengths in UV–VIS spectral region.
In Vitro Studies on Protein Binding of Polyhydroxybutyrate Isolated from Rhodopseudomonas palustris KRPR02
Authors: Koyyati Rama , Kudle Karunakar Rao , Merugu Ramchander , Manthur Padigya Pratp Rudra 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn present research work, isolation of the biopolymer, from the novel strain of phototrophic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria Rhodopseudomonas palustris isolated from sugar industrial effluent, is reported. It is characterized and the efficacy of binding the biopolymer (PHB) with protein (BSA) is investigated. The strain Rp. KRPR02 is selected for the characterization and protein binding studies as it produced more amounts of PHB. The extracted biopolymer is confirmed as PHB by instrumental techniques such as UV–Visible spectroscopy, FTIR analysis, C13 NMR spectroscopy, and XRD analysis. The efficiency of PHB binding to BSA is evaluated and found that it can efficiently bind to BSA. Hence, it can be used for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications as drug carriers and also as nanocapsules to carry the micro‐ and macronutrients in agriculture.
Extracellular Synthesis of Mono and Bimetallic Nanocomposites from Novel Strains of Rhodopseudomonas palustris and Evaluation of Their Biomedical Applications
Authors: Koyyati Rama , Kudle Karunakar Rao , Nagati Veerababu , Merugu Ramchander , Padigya Pratp Rudra Manthur 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this present research work, mono and bimetallic nanoparticles are synthesized from “Rhodopseudomonas palustris KRPR01 and KRPR02.” The synthesized nanoparticles are confirmed by the color change and EDX analysis. Thus, from this study, the nanoparticle synthesized from these bacterial extracts seem to be a promising and effective antibacterial agent against bacterial strains and potent antioxidant and anticancer agents. It also acts as an anticoagulant because of its hemolytic activity. Microbial synthesis being very eco‐friendly and cost‐effective, can be used for the large‐scale integration of nanoparticles in nanotechnology processing industries and also useful in medicine, agriculture, etc.
Boron Nitride Nanosheets Reinforced Thermoplastics Nanocomposites for Thermal Management Applications: A Mini Review
Authors: Aparna Narava Divya , Tambe Pankaj 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this review, the synthesis methods and their characterization of boron nitride nanosheets (BNNs) are discussed along with their advantages and limitations. The BNNs functionalization using covalently and noncovalently routes are discussed. Further, the incorporation of BNNs in thermoplastics matrix nanocomposites on thermal properties in specific is discussed in detail. The influence of functionalization of BNNs using covalent and noncovalent modification routes on dispersion and thermal properties of thermoplastic matrix nanocomposites is discussed in detail. A brief roadmap for future research in the area of BNNs filled polymer nanocomposites is also discussed.
Effect of Sonication Time on Cellulose Nanofiber Disintegration from Locally Available Rice Straw
Authors: Ratnakumar Abirami , Samarasekara Bandu A. M. P. , Amarasinghe Shantha D. A. , Karunanayake Laleen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractUltrasonication is an important step which influences the disintegration of cellulose fibers. Ultrasonic energy is generally applied to disperse the nanoparticles. Cavitation bubbles develop and grow when high‐intensity ultrasound is applied. During the collapse of these bubbles, a considerable amount of energy is released. This creates a mechanical shock wave effect thus leads to the disruption of agglomerated particles. In this research, initially cellulose is derived from locally available rice straw varieties through a three step chemical extraction and purification process. Then, high‐intensity ultrasonication process is applied for 90 min on the chemically extracted cellulose fibers at 15 min time interval and the disintegration of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) is studied. From the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, it is noticed that the high‐intensity ultrasonication process had significant effect on the disintegration of cellulose fibers. After 90 min treatment, fibrils with diameter in nanometer range are obtained whereas the lengths of the fibers are observed to be in micrometer range. Structural and thermal properties of disintegrated CNFs are also determined. From this study, it is evident that the sonication time had a greater impact on the efficiency of the disintegration of chemically extracted cellulose fibers.
Quadruple genetic variants in a sporadic ALS patient
Authors: Yilmaz Rüstem , Weishaupt Kanchi , Valkadinov Ivan , Knehr Antje , Brenner David , Weishaupt Jochen H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesDue to upcoming gene‐specific therapy approaches for ALS patients, understanding familial and sporadic ALS genetics is becoming increasingly important. In this study, we wanted to investigate underlying genetic causes for an SALS patient.MethodsWe performed ALS gene panel sequencing and subsequent segregation analysis in the family.ResultsGenetic studies suggest that a proportion of SALS cases has an oligogenic origin due to the combination of low‐effect size mutations in several ALS genes. Maximally three mutations in different ALS disease genes have been described in isolated ALS patients. Here, we report for the first time the co‐occurrence of rare nonsynonymous variants in four known ALS genes in a SALS patient (c.859G > A/p.Gly287Ser in TARDBP, c.304G > T/p.Glu102* in NEK1, c.3446C > A/p.Gly1149Val in ERBB4, and c.1015C > T/p.Arg339Trp in VEGFA). All four variants were unique for the patient, whereas up to three of these variants were detected in the unaffected family members, all older than the patient.DiscussionOur study suggests that SALS can be caused by the additive or synergistic action of low‐effect size mutations. Broader use of gene panel analysis or whole exome/genome sequencing may reveal a potentially treatable oligogenic causation in a higher percentage of SALS than previously thought.
Genetic testing of UGT1A1 in the diagnosis of Gilbert syndrome: The discovery of seven novel variants in the Chinese population
Authors: Gu Leilei , Han Yue , Zhang Donghua , Gong Qiming , Zhang Xinxin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundGenetic testing of UGT1A1 was used to facilitate the diagnosis of Gilbert syndrome, and analyze the distribution features of pathogenic variants in the Chinese population.MethodsDNA was extracted from whole blood samples of patients with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, and sequencing of the UGT1A1 gene was performed after PCR amplification. After alignment with reference sequences, the known pathogenic variants were identified, the variant spectrum was analyzed, and the pathogenicity of novel variants was predicted using online mutation prediction tools.ResultsA total of 117 patients were confirmed with Gilbert syndrome by UGT1A1 genetic diagnosis, where the most common pathogenic variants included promoter A(TA)7TAA insertion and p.Gly71Arg missense variant. Following novel variants were also identified: p.Ala61Gly, p.Tyr67Phe, p.Leu166Alafs*16, p.Arg240Lys, p.Ser306Phe, p.Arg341Gln, and p.Glu424* variants.ConclusionsGenetic testing of UGT1A1 in clinical practices could facilitate confirming Gilbert syndrome and performing differential diagnosis. The pathogenic variant spectrum in the Chinese population was similar to other Asian populations. The novel pathogenic variants identified in this study require further investigation.