bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of laser quenching process on surface hardness and wear performance of cylindrical slideway on the upper base of combined vibration separation equipment
Authors: Zhang Haoqiang , Juanatas Ronaldo , Niguidula Jasmin , Cai Liu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Combined vibration equipment is widely used in the separation and classification of grain, mineral and other granular materials. The cylindrical slideway on the upper part of the base of the combined vibration equipment bears all the weight of the vibrating silo and the particulate matter in the vibrating silo during the vibration process, and supports the combined vibration of the vibrating silo and the particulate matter in the vibrating silo, the cylindrical slideway on the upper part of the base is seriously worn. The vibrating silo can only vibrate horizontally and linearly along the cylindrical slide on the upper part of the base and swing back and forth around the center of the bottom surface of the cylindrical slide on the upper part of the base. It is required that the cylindrical slide on the upper part of the base has good strength and toughness, and the contact surface has a hardness of more than 35HRC to ensure wear resistance. The effect of laser surface quenching process on the surface hardness of the upper cylindrical slide of the base is studied by using the method of three factors and four levels. The experimental results show that after laser surface quenching, the minimum surface hardness and the maximum surface hardness of the upper cylindrical slide of the base are 35.6HRC and 39.6HRC, which meet the hardness requirements of vibration equipment for the slide of the base. When 1450W laser quenching power, 500mm/min laser scanning speed and 2.25mm laser spot diameter are used, the maximum surface hardness will be 39.6HRC, which is about 38.6% higher than that of the pretreated sample. The maximum section hardness of test sample 14 after laser quenching reaches 388HV, which is about 1.25 times higher than that of the matrix in the quenching areas of samples 13, 15 and 16. It is close to the matrix hardness when it is 1.6mm away from the surface. The thickness of the surface hardened layer exceeds 0.6mm, indicating that the greater the laser power, the greater the thickness of the hardened layer. In the wear test, the minimum wear amount of sample 14 is 0.0331g, which is about 25.2% of the matrix wear amount of 0.1312g. The larger the laser power is, the smaller the scanning speed and spot diameter are, which plays a positive role in promoting the reduction of sample wear. We will use the laser surface quenching process parameters of sample 14: laser power 1450W, spot diameter 2.25mm and scanning speed 500mm/min to conduct laser quenching on the upper cylindrical slide surface of the base of the combined vibration equipment in order to obtain a thicker hardened layer and higher hardness, and greatly improve the service life, safety and stability of the combined vibration equipment.
Performance inspection and defect cause analysis of girth weld of high steel grade pipeline
Authors: Xu Yan , Wu Mingchang , Nie Xianghui , Feng Zhenjun , Li Liang , Yang Fengping 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The suspected circumferential weld defects found in the pipeline inspection process were tested and studied. It was found that there was slag inclusion in the girth weld at 9 o’clock, which had not been found in the early stage or in the laboratory nondestructive testing process. The defects are most likely due to incomplete slag removal between layers and low welding wire energy. There was a root crack at the 6 o’clock position of the weld, and the crack length was 10 mm, which was close to the original film and the detection result of excavation. The misjudgment of the field rebeat and the laboratory test results may be caused by the pits in the weld cover and the bottom weld. The crack is caused by the crystal crack formed along the middle of the columnar crystal during the solidification process of backing welding due to the increase of residual stress caused by the reduction of welding layers and the group stress caused by the steel tube.
Experimental Study on Butt-joint TC4/GH4169 Dissimilar Metals Prepared by Double Laser Assisted FSW
Authors: Xu Lifeng , Wang Tao , Zhou Yan , Wang Dongsheng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
To verify validity of new method for preparing dissimilar metals with high melting point through double laser assisted friction stir welding (FSW), butt welding tests on dissimilar metals of TC4 and GH4169 were carried out by conventional FSW, single laser assisted FSW and double laser assisted FSW, respectively. Macroscopic morphology, microstructure and mechanical properties of butt-joint were analyzed. Results demonstrated that the conventional FSW surface is relatively rough, manifested by existence of many trims and rags, incomplete mixing of joint and dissimilar materials, as well as a certain proportion of pore defects. The single laser assisted FSW surface is even and smooth, manifested with few trims and rags. Compared with conventional FSW, the dissimilar material mixing is improved significantly, and there are few pores. The double laser assisted FSW surface shows the best quality, manifested by the fewest trims and rags. The mixing of dissimilar materials is further improved and the joint has good shaping, without obvious defects. Tensile strengths of joints of conventional FSW, single laser assisted FSW and double laser assisted FSW were 238 MPa, 423 MPa and 505 MPa, respectively. Laser assisted FSW has the higher tensile strength, which is attributed to the more complete material mixing and thicker layer of element diffusion. The laser preheating can decrease axial downward pressure of stirring head and radial stress of the stirring needle in the welding process significantly compared with those in conventional frictional stir welding. In particular, double laser preheating can make stresses on the stirring needle more uniform. This is conducive to mutual flowing and integration of dissimilar materials for FSW. Meanwhile, it can reduce the wearing loss between the stirring head and welding component. Double laser preheating can prolong service life of stirring heat significantly and it can improve welding speed significantly under the same rotating speed of the same stirring heat, thus enabling to increase welding efficiency.
High precision assembly test technology for space high reliability thermoelectric refrigeration system
Authors: Liu Xin , Zhao Benhua , Li Rongjun , Xiao Meng , Wang Shuai , Zhang Bin , Fan Yufeng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Space Thermoelectric cooler is a key component of cryogenic equipment, which is used for high efficiency refrigeration of spacecraft in orbit. Its assembly state directly determines the refrigeration effect and service life. At the same time, it is characterized by high brittleness and low strength. In the assembly to low temperature equipment, thermoelectric cooler is required to be closely connected with internal and external components to achieve seamless connection and efficient heat transfer. At the same time, it is necessary to prevent the damage caused by large compressive stress caused by excessive assembly load, so as to meet the purpose of long life, high reliability and stable operation. The stiffness curve of thermoelectric refrigerator was obtained by measuring the component displacement when the pressure was applied under the simulated thermoelectric refrigerator assembly state, which was used as the guiding parameter to guide the thermoelectric refrigerator assembly. Meanwhile, the damage of thermoelectric refrigerator under different pressure loads was checked. Explore the variation law of displacement under different preload of refrigeration components. Finally, the high precision assembly is realized by unified combination of thermoelectric refrigerator and structural components of refrigeration assembly to meet the requirements of high efficiency, high reliability and long life refrigeration of space cryogenic equipment.
The microstructure and tensile property changes of S31042 steel after long time service
Authors: Jin Xiao , Xia Xianxi , Zhu Baoyin , Zhao Yanfen , Duan Peng , Liang Jun , Du Jinfeng , Zhou Chao , Zhang Guodong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Ultra-supercritical power generation technology is one of the main solutions to the many contradictory problems of carbon emissions and environmental protection in coal-fired power plants. S31042 austenitic heat-resistant steel has become a typical material for high-temperature components used in ultra-supercritical units because of its good high-temperature creep properties and high-temperature corrosion resistance. In this study, typical characterization techniques such as SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), TEM (transmission electron microscopy), and EBSD (Electron Backscattered Diffraction) were used to observe the microstructure of S31042 austenitic heat-resistant steel, while the room-temperature tensile and high-temperature tensile properties of the material were tested under the corresponding conditions. The results show that the grain of S31042 heat-resistant steel after service is the same as that of the non-service samples, which is still twinned austenite. The room-temperature tensile properties and high-temperature tensile properties of S31042 after long service were almost unchanged.
Modified Waterborne Polyacrylate for Cotton Fiber Printing Development of prepolymer
Authors: Li Luowei , Lv Xiaodan , Chen Yanning , Huang Tingting , He Jiahong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper, polyacrylate (PA) was modified by waterborne polyurethane (WPU) to synthesize waterborne polyurethane-acrylate coating material. The structural changes of each component before and after modification, emulsion performance, film performance and printing performance were studied. The effects of raw material ratio and process conditions on application performance of printing emulsion were explored. The results showed that under the conditions of drying temperature and time of 150 °C and 3 min, the optimal formula was resin coating (WPU : PA=4 : 6), mixed solvent, deionized water and pigment content of 25 %, 15 %, 45 % and 15 %, respectively. The obtained emulsion was stable, the water absorption and solvent resistance of the film were good, and the rubbing fastness of printing could reach 4–5 grade. The structural analysis showed that the polyacrylate emulsion was synthesized, and the modified emulsion had the composite structure of WPU/PA.
Effect of different Si addition on oxidation resistance of titanium aluminum coating at 900 °C
Authors: Liang Jing , Gao Yunfei , Liu Ye , Chen Suiyuan , Liu Changsheng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The Ti-6Al-4V substrate was used as the laser cladding material, and the fiber laser was used to scan and form a titanium-aluminum composite coating in situ. Ti5Si3 reinforcing phase is formed in situ by the reaction between Si and Ti in the base material, the oxidation behavior of 50 h at a high temperature of 900 °C was studied by adding different amounts of Si (0, 1.25, 2.5, 3.75 and 5 mol.%). The experimental results show that the mass gain of TC4 high temperature oxidation (50 h at 900 °C) is 120mg/cm2, and the titanium aluminum coating with different contents of Si decreases to 60, 45, 42, 30 and 40mg/cm2. The addition of Si (3.75 mol.%) in the coating greatly increases the oxidation resistance at high temperatures. The addition of Si inhibits the affinity of Ti and O elements, resulting in the Ti5Si3/γ-TiAl composite coating producing more Al2O3 at high temperatures, which is more dense than the Al2O3 produced by the loose Ti-6Al-4V substrate of TiO2. Under the condition of high temperature oxidation at 900 °C for 50 hours, the oxidation resistance of TiAl-3.75Si is the best at high temperature.
Facile synthesis of Co3O4 nanoparticles with different morphology for efficient water oxidation in alkaline media
Authors: Li Zhengsheng , Guo Ruitang , Lin Zhidong , Ji Xiangyin , Yuan Ye , Hong Longfei , Pan Weiguo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Hydrogen production from water electrolysis is an important measure to achieve clean and sustainable energy in the future. Oxygen evolution reaction is a half-reaction of water electrolysis process, and its efficiency has a great influence on the overall reaction. The morphology of the catalyst has a great influence on the catalytic performance of the catalyst for oxygen evolution, but the mechanism of the effect of the morphology on the activity is still unclear. Therefore, the influence of the catalyst morphology on the catalytic activity needs to be studied urgently. Co3O4 is widely used in oxygen evolution reactions. Therefore, we took three Co3O4 with different morphologies as the research objects to study the effect of morphology on the oxygen evolution activity of Co3O4. The results show that among the three different morphologies of cobalt tetroxide, the Co3O4 with porous sheet morphology exhibits the best oxygen evolution activity (η10 = 1.54 V in 1 M KOH). The reason for the better activity of cobalt tetroxide with the morphology of the hollow sheet may be due to its larger specific surface area and more active sites, which reduces the reaction electron transfer barrier. Our work sheds new light on the design of novel oxygen evolution electrocatalysts.
An experimental study on aviation kerosene pool fire flame and thermal radiation
Authors: Wei Ruichao , Wang Baowei , He Qize , Lian Liping , Huang Shenshi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this study, small-scale aviation kerosene pool fire experiments were carried out. The experiments were conducted by measuring the flame temperature and plume temperature on the axis by thermocouples and obtaining 50% of the flame intermittency height from the images taken by the camera. Using the Heskestad’s model, the fitting result of flame height and pan size was obtained. Moreover, the surface emission power of aviation kerosene flame was calculated based on the cylindrical flame theory. The experimental data in this paper will contribute to studies of aviation kerosene fire simulations.
Research on a new designed upward turning comb of escalator
Authors: Feng Shuangchang , Chen Jie , Shen Wenhao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Escalator is an important transportation method for people in their daily life. The comb fixed at the entrance and exit is an important component of the escalator. Its function is to facilitate the transportation of passengers and prevent the escalator from being damaged by foreign matters to a certain extent. In order to avoid harm to passengers caused by the comb, the end of the comb should be made of easily broken material traditionally such as plastic and aluminum to ensure that the object can be released when clamped. This greatly increases the loss of comb and the repair time of maintenance personnel and leaves potential safety hazards. The article researches a new designed upward turning comb of escalator. The device comprises comb plate, mounting base, guide rod, spring, comb teeth, rotating shaft, upper baffle, chute, notch, mounting hole, long hole, guide hole, lower baffle, positioning block and arc push block. Compared with the prior technology, this new comb has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, repeated use, difficult to damage.
Analysis of stator rotor of rotating traveling wave ultrasonic motor
Authors: Cai Yi , Han Jingzhen , Li Yongfu , Liu Yang , He Guangteng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
As a new type of energy exchange device, the operation characteristics of ultrasonic motor is a hot issue in current research. In this paper, the thermo-electro-mechanical coupling model of the stator and rotor of the rotary traveling wave ultrasonic motor is constructed by finite element software. The frequency and amplitude of the working mode of the stator and rotor of the ultrasonic motor under different temperature conditions are studied, and the influence of the piezoelectric ceramic lamination on the working state of the ultrasonic motor is discussed. The following conclusions are drawn: with the increase of temperature, the resonant frequency of the working mode of the ultrasonic motor B09 decreases and the amplitude increases slightly; piezoelectric ceramic delamination can improve the amplitude-frequency characteristics of stator and rotor. Considering comprehensively, the superposition of two layers of piezoelectric ceramic plates is the most suitable structure.
Taking 2oo3 as an example to study the improvement of Markov model considering periodic function test
Authors: Chen Peng , Lin Qinbei , Han XueFeng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In order to make the safety instrumented system meet the functional safety requirements of the classification in a longer period of time, and considering the model incompleteness of the original Markov model, we propose to add the consideration of periodic functional testing to the original Markov model for modeling. The results show that the PFDavg of the safety instrumented system with periodic functional testing is lower than that of the safety instrumented system without periodic functional testing, and the Markov model with periodic functional testing is more comprehensive and more consistent with the engineering reality.
Research and Implementation of Containerization for Virtual Instrumentation Measurement
Authors: Guo Wang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The instrumentation measurement system has fruitful achievements in various fields with cloud computing technology. However, the instrumentation cloud needs more PaaS (Platform-as-a-Service) capabilities to improve development and IT operations efficiency by expanding distributed measurement systems. In recent years, container and cloud-native technology growth have brought developing chances for instrumentation cloud. We propose a novel container and instrumentation communication architecture to apply container technology to virtual instrumentation. Firstly, we analyze the critical technologies of Container-Instrumentation communication architecture and give the solution of its implementation. Secondly, we develop and deploy the web backend and frontend to visualize measurement data with Kubernetes. Finally, completing the IV sweep measurement on the web demonstrates the feasibility of building the measurement system in a cloud-native way. So, the container-instrumentation architecture provides practical significance for constructing measurement systems and improving the instrumentation cloud capabilities with cloud-native architecture in the future.
Bias error in measurement of complex flow regime with ultrasonic flowmeter
Authors: Wang Zhili , Chen Qiutong , Li Danxun , Liu Shangwu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Ultrasonic flowmeters are widely used for flow measurement. We proposed a theoretical model to quantify the measurement error caused by the deviation of ultrasonic propagation trajectory in complex flow regimes. The three-dimensional ultrasonic propagation model is based on the assumption of ray acoustics. The results show that the trajectory offset of ultrasonic waves and velocity measurement errors in a three-dimensional non-uniform flow field is of the first order of the Mach number. Unlike gas flow, the Mach number of open channel flow is small, and the velocity measurement error of open channel ultrasonic flowmeter can be safely ignored.
Towards optical data transmission for high energy physics using silicon photonics
Authors: Prousalidi T. , Bulling A. , Court M. , Detraz S. , Lalović M. , Marcon L. , Olanterä L. , Orfanelli S. , Sandven U. , Scarcella C. , Sigaud C. , Soós C. , Troska J. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Future upgrades of CERN experiments will require low power optical data links to support ever-increasing data-rates at ever-higher radiation levels. Silicon photonics is a CMOS optoelectronic technology compatible with these requirements. We present the results of an optical transceiver proof of concept based on a silicon photonics integrated circuit coupled to existing radiation tolerant electronic ASICs.
Editorial announcements and information — ICFA Beam Dynamics Newsletter No. 83
Authors: Cai Y. , Piot P. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This is a general information article of the ICFA Beam Dynamics Newsletter No. 83. It contains two forewords from the Editor-in-Chief and the issue editor, a workshop and conference report section, a recent doctoral theses section, along with a forthcoming beam dynamics events section.
Optimization landscape in the simplest constrained random least-square problem
Authors: Fyodorov Yan V , Tublin Rashel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We analyze statistical features of the ‘optimization landscape’ in a random version of one of the simplest constrained optimization problems of the least-square type: finding the best approximation for the solution of a system of M linear equations in N unknowns: (
a

k
,
x
) = b

k
, k = 1, …, M on the N-sphere x
2 = N. We treat both the N-component vectors
a

k
and parameters b

k
as independent mean zero real Gaussian random variables. First, we derive the exact expressions for the mean number of stationary points of the least-square loss function in the overcomplete case M > N in the framework of the Kac-Rice approach combined with the random matrix theory for Wishart ensemble. Then we perform its asymptotic analysis as N → ∞ at a fixed α = M/N > 1 in various regimes. In particular, this analysis allows to extract the large deviation function for the density of the smallest Lagrange multiplier λ
min associated with the problem, and in this way to find its most probable value. This can be further used to predict the asymptotic mean minimal value

E

min

of the loss function as N → ∞. Finally, we develop an alternative approach based on the replica trick to conjecture the form of the large deviation function for the density of

E

min

at N ≫ 1 and any fixed ratio α = M/N > 0. As a by-product, we find the compatibility threshold
α
c < 1 which is the value of α beyond which a large random linear system on the N-sphere becomes typically incompatible.
One more time on the helicity decomposition of spin and orbital optical currents
Authors: Aiello Andrea 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The helicity representation of the linear momentum density of a light wave is well understood for monochromatic optical fields in both paraxial and non-paraxial regimes of propagation. In this note we generalize such representation to nonmonochromatic optical fields. We find that, differently from the monochromatic case, the linear momentum density, aka the Poynting vector divided by c
2, does not separate into the sum of right-handed and left-handed terms, even when the so-called electric–magnetic democracy in enforced by averaging the electric and magnetic contributions. However, for quasimonochromatic light, such a separation is approximately restored after time-averaging. This paper is dedicated to Sir Michael Berry on the occasion of his 80th birthday.