bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dental skill competitions: A strategy to improve the comprehensive learning competency of dental students measured by their self-rating
Authors: Zhu Kangqi , Feng Jianying , Zheng Pei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Due to the limitation of access to clinical experience and the difficulty of promoting teaching methods, improving the comprehensive learning competency of dental students has become increasingly challenging. In this study, we evaluate the effect of dental skill competitions on students’ comprehensive competency.
Methods
Ninety fourth-year dental students at XXX University were recruited for this study: 26 students for 2016-17, 34 students for 2017-18 and 30 students for 2018-19. Students who volunteered to participate in competitions (participation group, PG) and students who did not participate in competitions (control group, CG) were asked to rate themselves, using questionnaires, on a comprehensive competency scale (including critical thinking, professional practice competency, professional theory competency, and learning motivation). There were 45 students in each group. Students were also asked to rank their mastery of the four competencies. The students’ final scores on theoretical and practical courses were also considered as reference items.
Results
A total of ninety responses were obtained (100% response rate). The PG was statistically significantly higher than the CG in critical thinking (p = 0.037), professional practical competency (p < 0.01), and learning motivation (p = 0.03). Their final theoretical and practical scores are consistent with the statistical results of the questionnaires. In the ranking of students' competency, at the beginning of the term, CG had the least proficiency in professional theoretical competency and PG, in critical thinking and professional practical competency. At the end of the term, learning enthusiasm, and critical thinking (for CG), professional theoretical competency (for PG) were at the bottom of the list.
Conclusions
Dental skill competitions can effectively improve students' critical thinking and professional operation competency and maintain students' enthusiasm for learning. The evaluation method adopted in this study also provides an indicator of teaching evaluation.
The influence of reduced graphene oxide on the Polyamide 6 nanocomposite characteristics
Authors: Sabet Maziyar , Hosseini Seyednooroldin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Polyamide 6 (PA6) nanocomposites with electrically and thermally conductive were formulated via melt processing of PA6 and different inclusion of reduced graphene oxide (RGO). These nanocomposites showed that the small percolation threshold and the perfect formation of conductive link form with 0.5 wt% and ̴3.0 wt% of RGO respectively. Crystallization examination confirmed that RGO enabled the crystallization of PA6 structure mostly through speeding up the formation of crystal nucleus, reaching a maximum and smallest of crystal grain extent with RGO inclusion up to 2.0 wt% that approved the generation of the most unflawed crystalline matrix. With the dynamic rheological testing, frequency-independence of G’ and abruptly decrease phase angle at the small-frequency area via RGO content of 2.0 wt% specify the alteration state from liquid-state to solid-state rheological performance, and validate the development of percolation link structure with RGO in the function of a crosslinking factor. The progress of fire-retardant characteristics of PA6 was attained due to the inclusion of RGO owing to the improver in the PA6 structure. Morphological research showed that RGO was spread consistently in the PA6 structure. From the outcomes of cone calorimetry outcomes, the flame-retardant characteristics of PA6 were promoted with the addition of RGO in the PA6 structure. These tests show substantial capacity for the bulk manufacture of electrically conductive polymer/RGO nanocomposites.
Characterizing the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant shedding and duration of RT-PCR and rapid antigen test positivity on vaccinated individuals.
Authors: Luna-Muschi Alessandra , Noguera Saidy , De Paula Anderson , Cortês Marina , Larocca Carolina , Mari Julia , Guimarâes Lara , Torres Pablo , Scaccia Nazareno , Villas-Boas Lucy , Silva Almir Da , Andrade Pâmela , Teixeira Juliana , De Oliveira Victor , Tozetto-Mendoza Tania , Mendes-Correa Maria Cássia , Levin Anna S. , Sabino Ester , Costa Silvia F. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has demonstrated increased transmissibility and ability to escape natural and vaccine-induced immunity. We aimed to characterize the duration of Omicron’s shedding by comparing viral isolation to rapid antigen test (RAT) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positivity. Thus, we performed a cross-sectional study of 30 vaccinated individuals with mild COVID-19 to evaluate the ability to infect Vero cells at day 5, 7, 10 and 14 since symptoms onset. Viral growth was observed in 46% and 20% of respiratory samples at day 5 and 7, respectively, while all were negative from day 10. RAT showed 100% of sensitivity during the first 7 days of symptoms compared to viral isolation, being a better infectivity predictor than RT-PCR Ct values. In conclusion, immunocompetent vaccinated individuals with Omicron infection can still transmit the virus on the 7th day of symptoms. This data may impact decisions on end-isolation protocols for mild COVID-19.
Can Beetroot Extract Influence Cardiovascular And Autonomic Recovery From The Effort In Healthy Males? A Randomized Trial
Authors: Júnior Francisco W. de Sousa , Benjamim Cicero Jonas R. , Porto Andrey A. , Guerra Camila Venancia , de Figueiredo Maria Iris L. S. , Benjamim Cicera Josilânia , Rodrigues Guilherme da Silva , Rocha Elida Mara B. , Júnior Carlos Roberto Bueno , Cavalcante Taisy C. Ferro , Garner David M. , Valenti Vitor 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction: There is no evidence that beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) extract is advantageous for the recovery of cardiovascular parameters and the autonomic nervous system (ANS) after submaximal aerobic exercise. Objective: To evaluate the effect of beetroot extract supplementation on the recovery of cardiorespiratory and autonomic parameters after a submaximal aerobic exercise session. Methods: Sixteen healthy male adults performed a cross-over, randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial. Beetroot extract (600mg) or placebo (600mg) were ingested 90 minutes before evaluation in randomized days. We evaluated systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse pressure (PP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and HR variability (HRV) indexes at Rest and during 60 minutes of recovery from submaximal aerobic exercise. Results: Beetroot extract ingestion accelerated HR, SBP, and MAP reduction after exercise and anticipated the return of vagal modulation of the heart following exercise via the HF (ms2) index. Conclusions: Beetroot extract was revealed to be effective for recovery of the cardiovascular and autonomic systems following submaximal aerobic exercise in healthy males.
Assessment of Aerobic Microbial Activity of Ash and Vegetable-Amended Digestate
Authors: Isagba Ebuwa S. , Ajieh Mike U. , Oshoma Cyprian E , Amenaghawon Andrew , Ogofure Abraham , Obatusin Victoria , Obuekwe Ifeyinwa , Tongo Isioma , Ihoeghian Newton , Edosa Valerie I.O. , Erhunmwunse Nosakhare , Brotons Alphonso Lag , Emokaro Christopher , Ezemonye Lawrence , Semple Kirk 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic wastes results in biogas and digestate production. The digestate from AD may fall short of vital nutrients required for an optimal plant growth due to feedstock quality. Thus, digestate amendment with biomass and aerobic metabolic activities becomes an essential process for nutrient enhancement. This study aimed to investigate the microbial quality of digestate amended with wood ash, and vegetable matter during treatment. Digestate from cattle rumen (CR), food waste (FW), fruit waste (FRW); and their combinations were obtained. The various digestates were amended with wood ash, vegetable matter and a blend of both. Amendment was carried out for a duration of 5 weeks and samples were analyzed weekly. Enumeration and identification of bacteria and fungi were carried on culture media. The rhizobacterial potential of the identified bacterial isolates was also investigated using standard procedures. The results showed high bacteria and fungal loading in the amended digestate from the first to the fourth week. Comparatively, cattle rumen and food waste digestate, amended with vegetable were highly significant with mean value of 0.8 and 0.6 respectively. The identified bacterial isolates, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella sp, Pseudomonas sp, Proteus sp, Enterobacter sp, Chromobacterium sp Bacillus spp. and Escherichia coli were found to be involved in solubilization of phosphate, nitrogen fixation, ammonia production and induction of indole acetic acid. Specifically, digestate amended with vegetable waste improved the soil nutrient compared to the wood ash in both bacterial and fungal load. Hence, digestate amendment is crucial for nutrient enhancement, increase in carbon level and overall, improves soil nutrient.
Strategies for doctor-patient information communication from the perspective of communication preference: a nationwide multi-center analysis in China
Authors: Zhang Yue , Shao Jianwen , Li Tianxi , Wang Jinfan , Tan Gangrui , Wang Mengting 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: In recent years, China has witnessed a surge in medical disputes, mostly evoked by ineffective information communication between multiple parts, such as the media. Information communication is an important link in doctor-patient relationship. Few macroscopic, multi-dimensional, and large-sample studies about doctor-patient communication information have been conducted in China. The aim of this study was to investigate the demand for information communication among Chinese doctors and patients, and to explore associated factors.Methods: The questionnaire for this study was formed through literature and interviews. Based on a national survey conducted in 2016, this study included 2727 doctors and 1781 patients in 22 cities of China.Results: Our analysis showed that the respondents recognized the roles of the network and governments in doctor-patient information communication, and the medical staff had a stronger demand for information communication than patients. Furthermore, the medical stuff admitted the function of medical committees composed of experts and scholars, while the patients paid more trust to the media and consumer associations.Conclusion: Doctor-patient information communication is highly needed for doctors and patients in China. Governments, media, Internet, medical committees, consumer associations play critical roles in doctor-patient information communication.
Novel 3D-Flower Shaped KTaO3 Nanostructures: A Perovskite with Highly Efficient Photocatalytic and H2 Generation Ability
Authors: M Praveen B , N Sumedha H , M Shashank , Teixeira Sergio R. , G Nagaraju 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Treatment of industrial wastewater is one of the biggest challenges that mankind is facing today to prevent environmental pollution and its associated adverse effects on human health. Environmentalists across the world have given a clarion call for dye degradation, wastewater treatment and their effective management in our surrounding habitats. Despite significant progress in the development of new water treatment technologies, new materials haven’t matured enough for large scale industrial applications. Hence, the development of new scalable and sustainable multifunctional materials having the potential to treat wastewater and generate energy is the need of the hour. In this direction, novel 3D-flower shaped KTaO3 (3D-F-KT) material has been synthesized using areca seed powder as a green fuel. This new material has been successfully applied for the treatment of industrial wastewater contaminated with Rose Bengal. The efficiency of the material was analysed using several parameters like catalytic loading, dye concentration, kinetic and scavenging experiments, photostability and recyclability. In addition, the material was subjected to optical studies and H2 generation, making it a highly versatile multifunctional material, exhibiting a degradation efficiency of 94% in a short span of 150 minutes and a photocatalytic H2 generation efficiency of 374 mmolg− 1 through water splitting. With an immense potential, KTaO3 presents itself as a multifunctional catalyst that can be scaled up for a variety of industrial applications ranging from wastewater treatment to energy generation and storage.
Enhance the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Through the Addition of Osteogenesis Peptide During Cell Type-based Periods
Authors: Song Yameng , Li Hongjiao , Feng Fang , Shi Jiamin , Li Jing , Wang Lu , Liao Lingzi , Xie Biyao , Ma Shengqin , Li Shengzhen , Zhang Yun , Liu Bin , Yang Yaling , Zhou Ping 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The in vitro osteogenic differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have been one of the hot topics in bone tissue engineering. Moreover, supplement of osteogenesis chemical compounds is commonly applied to improve the differentiation efficiency. However, the differentiation process of hPSCs is much more complex than adult stem cells, and the unknown effect of material addition at different stages hamper the establish of step-wise induction systems for these human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Recently, a bone forming peptide-1 (BFP-1) that derived from bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) has confirmed its excellent performance in promoting the osteogenic induction of human stem cells mainly human mesenchymal stem cells. Methods: In this study, we cultured hESCs and hiPSCs in the osteogenic induction medium for 28 days, and added BFP-1 at varying weeks. After differentiation for varying days (0, 7, 14, 21 and 28), we investigated the expression of related gene/protein markers and the differentiation efficiency by RT-PCR, immunofluorescence and alizarin red staining assay. Moreover, the expression of marker genes relating to germ layers and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was investigated at day 7, aiming to study the impact of BFP1 peptide on the lineage differentiation and osteogenic induction process of hESCs and hiPSCs.Results: Biocompatible BFP1 peptide could remarkably promote the generation of mesoderm cells and mesenchymal-like cells from hiPSCs through the enhanced epithelial-mesenchymal transition, but the effect was not found in hESCs because of cell line difference. Moreover, peptide addition could apparently up-regulate the expression of marker gene/protein in hESCs, especially the differentiation efficiency was improved by determining the optimal treatment periods. Conclusions: Our work has a great value in improving the in vitro osteogenic differentiation efficiency of hPSCs by adding functional osteogenesis compounds at specific stages and promoting the fundamental and clinical applications of osteoblast like cells.
Bio-fabrication of bio-inspired silica nanomaterials from Bryophyllum pinnatum leaf for agricultural applications
Authors: Sankareswaran M , Periakaruppan Rajiv , Sasivarnam M. , Danaraj Jeyapragash , Dhanasekaran Sugapriya , Abomughaid Mosleh Mohammad 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Green chemistry approach was employed to synthesize Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) using aqueous extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum leaf as capping agents. The physicochemical properties of formed nanoparticles were successfully completed through sophisticated characterization methods such as UV-Visible absorbance spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscope, Energy Dispersive X-Ray, Zeta Potential Analysis and Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis. All the characterization results were indicating that the spherical morphology, amorphous nature with an average size of 24 nm of nanoparticles formed. FT-IR results highlighted the key bioactive compounds that could be responsible for capping and reduction to formation of SiNPs. As synthesized SiNPs shows excellent stability with negative zeta potential value − 32 mV. The biomolecules from B. pinnatum were successfully working for the formation of SiNPs with spherical shape. Moreover, to assess agricultural application of green synthesized SiNPs was carried out by seed germination assay on Vigna radiata. The seed germination assay confirms that the low concentration of SiNPs enhances the seed germination. Meanwhile, the higher concentration of the SiNPs inhibits the seed germination, shoot and root formation. SiNPs at optimum concentration could be used in the agriculture field as nano growth promoters.
dePression, ANxiety, and acaDEMIC Performance in COVID-19: Pandemic. A Cross-sectional Study.
Authors: Camacho Francisco Jose Barbosa , Limón Olaya Moramay Romero , Peña Juan Carlos Ibarrola , Mena Yolanda Lorelei Almanza , Belmontes Kevin Josue Pintor , López Veronica Alexandra Sánchez , Ciociano Jonathan Matias Chejfec , Ramírez Bertha Georgina Guzmán , Fernández José Héctor Sapién , Ruvalcaba Mario Jesús Guzmán , Hinojosa Rodrigo Nájar , Rodriguez Itzel Ochoa , Valadez Tania Abigail Cueto , Valadez Andrea Estefanía Cueto , Orozco Clotilde Fuentes , Flores Ana Olivia Cortés , Ackerman Roberto Carlos Miranda , Cardona Guillermo Alonso Cervantes , Guevara Gabino Cervantes , Ojeda Alejandro González 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Depression and anxiety are common after months of social isolation, and they can have a negative impact on anyone's quality of life if they are not treated promptly and appropriately. The purpose of this study was to determine whether undergraduate and graduate students preferred classroom or online classes and to determine whether the existence of sadness or anxiety connected to the COVID-19 pandemic changed their view of their academic achievement. A cross-sectional design was used in this investigation. To determine the presence of mental health disorders in undergraduate and graduate students, we employed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) depression screening scale and the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) anxiety screening scale. We examined whether these diseases changed students' perceptions of their academic success using the Academic Self-Concept Scale (ASCS). 610 students responded to the survey. When questioned about their preferred class type, 581 students (95.2 percent) said that they preferred classroom classes. The average score on the Academic Self-Concept Scale was 2.760.35. PHQ-9 mean scores were 11.946.90, while GAD-7 mean scores were 10.305.66. The intensity of depression and anxiety had a significant effect on Academic Self-Concept Scale scores (p0.001 and p0.05, respectively). The findings indicate that students in a typical circumstance do not face difficulty transitioning from classroom-based instruction to online delivery.
Surface feature and material removal in ultrasonic vibration assisted slot-milling of Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy
Authors: Chang Baoqi , Yi Zhaoxi , Cao Xiaobing , Duan Ji-an 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The continuous optimization of processing technology and evaluation methods is an important way to achieve high processing quality and processing efficiency for difficult-to-process materials. To solve the problem of frequent defects on the slot, the ultrasonic vibration assisted slot-milling (UVASM) technology was developed for processing titanium alloy. Simultaneously, comparative experiments were carried out between UVASM and conventional slot-milling (CSM), in terms of surface features of slot bottom and slot sidewall, cutting force, tool trajectory, chip morphology, and micro-hardness. The results show that uniform vibration micro-texture could significantly improve surface topography of slot bottom in UVASM, while numerous tool feed trajectories and observable machining defects detract from the surface quality in CSM. The UVASM can greatly reduce material spalling and edge breakage, thereby maintaining a smooth and regular edge profile of slot sidewall. The tool tips trajectories of two machining methods are highly corresponding to the machining textures of the slot sidewall surface. There is a high-frequency and small-amplitude force fluctuation signal on the axial force waveform in UVASM, which can reduce the instantaneous maximum milling force and milling force in the stable stage by 8.7% and 12.2%, respectively. The UVASM has a better chip breaking effect and surface anti-scratch effect and the UVASM can obtain higher surface micro-hardness and deeper plastic deformation layer than those of CSM. In summary, the multi-dimensional evaluation of slot processing status has been completed and the processing quality of the slot has been improved.
Identify the regulatory network of LncRNA HAR1A in neurological development by RNA-Sequencing and bioinformatics analysis.
Authors: Zhang Luting , Lin Sheng Mou , Li Nan , Huang Kailing , Shen ShuHan , Zheng Zhouxia , Shi Xiaoshun , Chen Allen , Sun Jimei , Kong JingYin , Chen Min 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: LncRNA HAR1A, which is explicitly expressed in Cajal-Retzius neurons (CRs), has been reported to be related to the development of the human brain. As one of the human accelerated regions (HARs) gene, it plays an important role in central neural evolution. Dysregulation of lncRNA HAR1A was associated with many central nervous system diseases. Methods:We cloned human gene HAR1A into the EF-1α promoter vector to make the transgenic mice. To observe the changes in memory and cognitive ability of mice, we conducted the Morris water maze (MWM) test and step-down passive avoidance test. RNA-seq analysis was performed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of the experiment and control group. Systematic bioinformatic analysis was used to confirm the pathway and function that the DEGs enriched in. 523 human gene expression datasets were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) for Co-expression analysis. Through Co-expression analysis, we obtained the Protein-Protein Interactions Network (PPI-Net) and enrichment pathways of LncRNA HAR1A's co-expression genes in human. Results:The memory and cognitive ability of the transgene mice were significantly improved. Results of GO analysis showed that cerebral cortex development is the most significant function related to HAR1A in brain development. DEGs enriched in this function included Lhx2, Emx2, Foxg1, Nr2e1, Emx1. They all play an important role in the regulation of CRs' function. "Cellular response to calcium ion" exhibited the highest rich factor in the Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. Core genes in the PPI-Net were SNAP25, GRIN1, SYN1, DLG4, CAMK2A. SNAP25, SYN1 relate to synaptic function. GRIN1, DLG4 and CAMK2A relate to synapse formation. GO and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of DEGs and HAR1A 's Co-expressed genes in 523 human gene expression datasets show that synapse, axon guidance, synaptic signaling and ligand-receptor interaction are significant.Conclusions:Overexpress HAR1A will improve the memory and cognitive ability of the transgene mice. The possible mechanism is HAR1A affects brain development by regulating CRs' function. Moreover, HAR1A may be involved in ligand-receptor interaction, Axon guidance and synapse formation, which are important for brain development and evolution. Cellular response to calcium may play an important role in those process.