bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AS REDES SOCIAIS, O SISTEMA DA DÁDIVA E O PARADOXO SOCIOLÓGICO
Authors: Martins Paulo Henrique 
Published: August 2022

Neste texto, minha preocupação é de contribuir para o debate sobre redes sociais, numa perspectiva sociohistórica, procurando demonstrar que a teorização dessa idéia resulta da elaboração progressiva de um pensamento complexo e prático sobre a realidade social no interior da sociologia. Tal busca encontra-se presente em diversos momentos da construção de um pensamento sociológico antiutilitarista e humanizante que, desde fins do século XIX, vem valorizando a força da associação entre os homens como recurso explicativo poderoso dos movimentos coletivos e espontâneos, isto é, como recurso teórico de valor prático na construção de esferas públicas democráticas a partir da sociedade civil, fora das esferas do Estado e do mercado. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: redes sociais, antiutilitarismo, novos paradigmas sociológicos, teoria da dádiva. SOCIAL NETWORKS, THE GIFT SYSTEM AND THE SOCIOLOGICAL PARADOX In the following paper, my main concern is to contribute, from a socio-historic perspective, to the debate of social networks as well as to attempt to demonstrate how a recent interest on this theme emerges. In my view, it results from a search for a progressive elaboration of a complex and practical thought about social reality. This search can be found throughout the whole process of constructing an anti-utilitarian and humanizing social thought which, since the end of nineteenth century, has been stressing the positive value of human association as a powerful explicative tool for understanding collective and spontaneous social movements. This thought constitutes a theoretical resource, of a practical value, for undertaking the challenge of constructing public, democratic spheres from the forces of civil society, outside the realms of the State and the market.KEY-WORDS: social networks, anti-utilitarism, new sociological paradigms, theory of gift. LES RESEAUX SOCIAUX, LE SYSTEME DU DON ET LE PARADOXE SOCIOLOGIQUEDans ce texte, la préoccupation est de pouvoir apporter une contribution au débat concernant les réseaux sociaux, dans une perspective sociohistorique, en essayant de démontrer que la théorisation de cette idée est le résultat de l’élaboration progressive d’une pensée complexe et pratique de la réalité sociale à l’intérieur de la sociologie. On retrouvera cette préoccupation à plusieurs reprises dans la construction d’une pensée sociologique anti-utilitariste et humanisante qui, depuis la fin du XIXe siècle, met en valeur la force de l’association entre les hommes comme un moyen explicatif puissant des mouvement collectifs et spontanés, c’est-àdire comme un moyen théorique ayant une valeur pratique dans la construction des sphères publiques démocratiques, à partir de la société civile et en dehors des sphères de l’Etat et du marché. MOTS-CLÉS: réseaux sociaux, anti-utilitarisme, nouveaux paradigmes sociologiques, théorie du don. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br
COMUNIDADE, INCLUSÃO E EXCLUSÃO: uma reflexão sobre as ONGs
Authors: Soczek Daniel 
Published: August 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar algumas reflexões referentes aos conceitos de comunidade e inclusão social a partir da atuação das ONGs. Considerando as dinâmicas internas que originam e possibilitam sua perpetuação institucional e as realizações dessas organizações, sob o prisma do conceito de identidade e sua orientação para a materialização de uma proposta de recriação do conceito de comunidade, destacaremos seu importante papel em busca da eqüidade social, frente a uma sociedade complexa, passível de um processo crescente de exclusão social. Palavras-chave: ONGs, comunidade, inclusão, exclusão, democracia. Community, inclusion and exclusion: a reflection on the NGOs The aim of this article is to present some reflections on the concepts of community and social inclusion based on the work carried out by the NGOs. Taking into account the internal dynamics they originate and that make possible their institutional perpetuity as well as the achievements of those organizations according to the concept of identity and their position to materialize a proposal of recreation of the community concept , we shall point out their important part in the search of the social equity in opposition to a complex and passive society of an increasing process of social exclusion. Key words: NGOs, community, inclu-sion, exclusion, democracy. Communauté, intégration et exclusion: une réflexion sur les ONG (organisations non gouvernamentales) Le but de cet article est de présenter quelques réflexions concernant les concepts de communauté et intégration sociale basées sur les procédures des ONG. Tout en considerant les dynamiques internes créées par celles-ci et qui permettent leur perpétuité institutionelle ainsi que les réalisations de ces organisations, sous le point de vue du concept d´identité et leur orientation pour la matérialisation d´une proposition de récreation du concept de communauté, nous allons remarquer l´importance de leur rôle en ce qui concerne la recherche de l´équité sociale face à une societé complexe et passive d´un procéssus croissant d´exclusion sociale. Mots-clé: ONG, communauté, intégra-tion, exclusion, democratie. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br
IMPACTO SOBRE A FECUNDIDADE DAS MUDANÇAS NOS SISTEMAS DE GÊNERO
Authors: Zavala Maria Eugenia 
Published: August 2022

Os direitos reprodutivos e sexuais, o status e o empoderamento das mulheres têm evoluído e influenciado na fecundidade latinoamericana. Alguns elementos dessas transformações têm sido analisados. No entanto essas análises o fazem de maneira parcial, fragmentada e/ou heterogênea. Neste artigo busca-se conhecer mais detalhadamente esses processos e suas interrelações, de maneira organizada e coerente. Para tanto analisou-se entrevistas biográficas, do tipo da Encuesta Demográfica retrospectiva mexicana (EDER, 1998), com histórias de vida, através das quais se examina detalhadamente os principais componentes dos sistemas de gênero no campo da família e da reprodução e junto à população de jóvens, mais representativas das evoluções em curso. Palavras-chave: sistemas de gênero, fecundidade, nupcialidade, aborto, anti-concepção, América Latina, México. IMPACT on the FERTILITY of the changes in gender systems Women’s reproductive and sexual rights, their status and empowerment have evolved and influenced Latin American fertility. Some elements of these transformations have been analyzed. Even though in a rather partial, fragmented and/or heterogeneous way. In this paper, the aim is to get to know these processes into details, as well as their interrelations, in an organized and coherent way. For this purposed, biographic interviews were made, namely the ones Publisher in the Encuesta Demográfica retrospectiva mexicana (EDER, 1998), with life histories, through which the main components of the systems of gender in the family and reproduction scope can be analyzed into details, together with the youth population, which is more representative of the ongoing evolutions. Key words: systems of gender, fertility, nuptiality, abortion, contraception, Latin América, Mexico IMPACt SUR LA FECONDITE DES CHANGEMENTS DANS LES SYSTEMES DE GENRE Les droits reproductifs et sexuels, le statut et la prise de pouvoir des femmes a évolué et influencé la fécondité latino-américaine. Certains éléments de ces transformations ont été analysés. Bien que de manière partielle, fragmentée et/ou hétérogène. Dans cet article, on essaie de connaître de manière plus détaillée, organisée et cohérente, ces processus et leurs interrelations,. Pour ce faire, on a procédé à l’analyse d’interviews biographiques du type Encuesta Demográfica retrospectiva mexicana (EDER, 1998), avec des histoires de vie au travers desquelles on examine minutieusement les principaux composants des systèmes de genre dans le champ de la famille et de la reproduction et cela, auprès de la population des jeunes, plus représen-tative des évolutions en cours. Mots-clés: systèmes de genre, fécondité, nuptialité, avortement, contraception, Amérique-Latine, Mexique. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br
HISTÓRIA DAS IDÉIAS EM NELSON WERNECK SODRÉ E JOÃO CRUZ COSTA: uma saga da consciência nacional
Authors: Côrtes Norma 
Published: August 2022

O artigo analisa duas importantes obras publicadas em fins da década de 1950 e, considerando seus modos de configurar e narrar o curso de formação das idéias nacionalistas no Brasil, identifica forte proximidade entre Nelson Werneck Sodré e João Cruz Costa. Palavras-Chave: História da inteligência brasileira, História intelectual e Filosofia no Brasil, intelectuais e idéias nacionalistas. history OF IDEAS IN Nelson Werneck Sodré AND João Cruz Costa: the saga of a national awareness The paper analyzes two important works published by late 1950’s. By taking into consideration their configurations and narration of the course for the formation of the nationalist ideas in Brazil, it identifies a strong proximity between Nelson Werneck Sodré and João Cruz Costa. Key words: Story of the Brazilian intelligencia, intellectual story and philosophy in Brazil, national ideas. HistOIRE DES IDEES DANS LES OEUVRES DE Nelson Werneck Sodré eT DE João Cruz Costa: une saga de la conscience nationale Cet article analyse deux oeuvres importantes publiées vers la fin des années 1950. La manière de configurer et de narrer la formation des idées nationalistes au Brésil permet d’identifier l’existence d’une forte proximité entre Nelson Werneck Sodré et João Cruz Costa. Mots-Clés: Histoire de l’intelligence brésilienne, Histoire intellectuelle et philosophique au Brésil, intellectuels et idées nationalistes. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br
UMA INTELLIGENTSIA NACIONAL: grupo de Itatiaia, IBESP e os Cadernos de Nosso Tempo
Authors: Bariani Edison 
Published: August 2022

O artigo empreende uma breve análise do Grupo de Itatiaia e do IBESP (Instituto Brasileiro de Economia, Sociologia e Política), identificando nele um determinado projeto político para o Brasil, o nascimento de um tipo peculiar de intelligentsia e possíveis continuidades com o ISEB (Instituto Superior de Estudos Brasileiros), por meio da leitura e interpretação de formulações contidas em artigos dos Cadernos do Nosso Tempo. Palavras-chave:IBESP, ISEB, intelligentsia, nacionalismo, desenvolvimento. A National Intelligentsia: Itatiaia Group, IBESP and Cadernos de Nosso Tempo This paper makes a brief analysis of the Itatiaia Group and IBESP (Brazilian Institute of Economics, Sociology and Politics) and identifies a political project for Brazil; the emergence of a unique kind of intelligentsia and its eventual continuity with ISEB (Superior Institute of Brazilian Studies), by the reading and interpretation of the papers published in Cadernos do Nosso Tempo. Key words: IBESP, ISEB, intelligentsia, nationalism, development. UNE intelligentsia naTionalE: groupe de Itatiaia, IBESP et les Carnets de Notre Temps L’article entreprendre une temporaire analyse de groupe de Itatiaia et de IBESP (Institut Brésilien de Économie, Sociologie et Politique)et identifie une determinée projet politique pour le Brésil, l’naissance hors de une type propre de intelligentsia et possibles continuités à l’ ISEB (Institut Supérieur de Études Brésiliens), à travers ressource de la lecture et interpretation hors des formulations contenée sur articles de Cadernos do Nosso Tempo. Mots-clés:IBESP, ISEB, intelligentsia, nationalisme, develóppement Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br
MUTAÇÃO DE URBANIDADE EM BUENOS AIRES
Authors: Murillo Susana 
Published: August 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar como ocorreu, em Buenos Aires, a gestão dos espaços urbanos na construção dos corpos individuais e coletivos. Essa gestão esteve ligada aos avatares do Estado, que passou de uma gestão da vida que denegava a morte, para uma gestão da morte que denega a vida. O trabalho permite concluir que a heterogeneização, a “guetificação” e a “despacificação” dos espaços urbanos geram uma vivência de insegurança, que se expressa em manifestações que avalizam medidas de força. Para o período final do século XIX e começo do XX, trabalhou-se com documentos públicos (censos, anais de higiene, teses). Para a atualidade, trabalhou-se na análise qualitativa de cem entrevistas, além de registros obtidos na participação em manifestações realizadas em Buenos Aires, durante o ano de 2005. Palavras-chave: espaços, corpos, Estado, morte, subjetividade, Buenos Aires. URBANITY MUTATION IN BUENOS AIRES Susana Murillo This paper aims at showing how the management of urban spaces took place in Buenos Aires in the construction of individual and collective bodies. This management was linked to the State avatars, shifting from a management of life that refuted death to a management of death that denies life. The paper leads to the conclusion that the heterogeneization, “ghettification” and “depacification” processes of the urban spaces generate insecurity, expressed by the manifestations that guarantee measures of strength. Public documents (census documents, hygiene proceedings and dissertations) were analyzed to cover the period between late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. At the present time, the work was carried out with the qualitative analysis of a hundred interviews, besides the records obtained with the participation in manifestations that took place in Buenos Aires during the year 2005. Key words: spaces, bodies, State, death, subjectivity, Buenos Aires. MUTATION DE L’URBANITE A BUENOS AIRES Susana Murillo L’objectif de ce travail est de montrer comment la gestion des espaces urbains pour la construction des ensembles individuels et collectifs a été faite à Buenos Aires. Cette gestion a été marquée par les avatars de l’Etat qui est passé d’une gestion de la vie qui récusait la mort à une gestion de la mort qui récusait la vie. L’étude permet d’arriver à la conclusion suivante, l’ “hétérogénéisation”, la “ghettification” et la “déespacification” des espaces urbains provoquent une ambiance d’insécurité qui s’exprime en manifestations qui cautionnent l’usage de la force. En ce qui concerne la période de la fin du XIXe, début du XXe siècle, nous avons travaillé sur des documents publics (recensements, annales d’hygiène, thèses). Pour ce qui est de l’actualité, nous avons procédé à l’analyse qualitative d’une centaine d’interviews, sans compter les enregistrements obtenus au cours de manifestions réalisées à Buenos Aires pendant l’année 2005. Mots-clés: espaces, ensembles, Etat, mort, subjectivité, Buenos Aires Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br
A CIDADE NAS CIÊNCIAS SOCIAIS
Authors: Vasconcelos Pedro de Almeida 
Published: August 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é o de destacar, de forma sintética, a contribuição dos geógrafos, assim como a dos demais autores de ciências sociais, no progressivo entendimento das questões urbanas ao longo de quase dois séculos, desde o ano de 1810 até 2005. O texto é dividido em seis partes, correspondendo aos seis períodos selecionados: (i) o pré-acadêmico; (ii) o da institucionalização das ciências sociais; (iii) aquele compreendido entre as duas guerras mundiais; (iv) o dos “30 anos gloriosos”; (v) o marcado pelo início da crise atual; e, finalmente, (vi) o período atual. O artigo conclui com uma discussão sobre a dificuldade de tratar o debate atual sobre as cidades por campos disciplinares separados. Palavras-chave: cidades; questão urbana; geografia; ciências sociais. THE CITY OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES Pedro de Almeida Vasconcelos In this paper, we synthesizes the contribution of social sciences authors, particularly, the geographers, to the progressive understanding of urban issues over two centuries, from 1810 to 2005. The text is divided in six parts corresponding to the six chosen periods of time: (i) the pre-academic period; (ii) the institutionalization of social sciences; (iii) the between two wars period; (iv) the “30 glorious years”, (v) the beginning of the present crisis and (vi) the present. Finally, we conclude with a discussion on the difficulty to separate by discipline, authors that are taking part of the present debate on cities. Key words: cities, urban issues, geography, social sciences. LA VILLE DES SCIENCES SOCIALES Pedro de Almeida Vasconcelos Dans cet article, nous faisons une synthèse sur la contribution des auteurs de sciences sociales, surtout les géographes, à la compréhension progressive des questions urbaines, au long de presque deux siècles, de 1810 à 2005. Le texte est divisé en six parties correspondant aux six périodes choisies: (i) la periode pré-académique; (ii) celle de l´institutionnalisation des sciences sociales; (iii) la période de l´entre-deux-guerres; (iv) la des “30 années glorieuses”; (v) celle marqué par le début de la crise actuelle et enfin, (vi) la période actuelle. Nous concluons par une discussion sur la difficulté de séparer, par champ disciplinaire, les auteurs qui traitent du débat actuel sur les villes. Mots-clé: villes, question urbaine, géographie, sciences sociales. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br
GRUPOS DE EXTERMÍNIO E ACCOUNTABILITY EM ÂMBITO MUNICIPAL
Authors: Lemos-Nelson Ana Tereza 
Published: August 2022

Este trabalho apresenta uma avaliação do problema dos grupos de extermínio contemporâneos no Brasil a partir da análise de documentos oficiais como processos, relatórios de CPIs e relatórios de Corregedorias de Polícia e Ministérios Públicos estaduais. Demonstra que tradições institucionais informais - como o patrimonialismo, e formais - como os regimes de exceção, tiveram um papel na gradual transformação que esses grupos experimentaram ao longo de séculos. Assim, milícias patrimoniais e esquadrões da morte desembocaram no fenômeno atual que atinge a maior parte do país. Apresenta ainda suas raízes municipais e os problemas que geram para a consolidação de políticas públicas federais que implementem o Estado de Direito. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: violência, grupos de extermínio, políticas públicas, direitos humanos, polícia.KILLER VIGILANTE GROUPS AND ACCOUNTABILITY AT MUNICIPAL LEVEL Ana Tereza Lemos-Nelson This paper presents an evaluation of the killer vigilante groups in present day Brazil based on the analysis of official documents such as criminal law suits, Congress hearings, and Internal Affairs departments and State Attorneys reports. It shows that informal institutional traditions – such as patrimonialism – and formal – as dictatorship situations – had a role to play in the gradual transformation those vigilante groups had through the centuries. Thus did private militiae and “death squads” become the present nationwide phenomenon. It presents yet these group’s municipal roots and the problems they generate to consolidate federal public policies that enforce human rights. KEYWORDS: violence, killer vigilante groups, public policies, human rights, police.GROUPES D’EXTERMINATION ET ACCOUNTABILITY AU NIVEAU DE LA MUNICIPALITÉ Ana Tereza Lemos-Nelson Ce travail présente une évaluation du problème des groupes contemporains d’extermination au Brésil réalisée à partir de l’analyse de documents officiels tels que des procès, des rapports de CPIs (Commissions Parlementaires d’Enquêtes) et des rapports des Tribunaux Correctionnels et des Ministères Publics des Etats. On y démontre que des traditions institutionnelles informelles - comme le patrimonialisme - et formelles - comme les régimes d’exception - ont eu une influence sur la transformation progressive de ces groupes tout au long des siècles. C’est ainsi que des milices patrimoniale et des escadrons de la mort en sont arrivés à constituer le phénomène actuel qui s’étend sur une grande partie du pays. On y montre aussi les racines municipales de ces groupes ainsi que les problèmes qu’ils engendrent pour la consolidation des politiques publiques fédérales qui permettent la mise en place l’Etat de Droit. MOTS-CLÉS: violence, groupes d’extermination, politiques publiques, droits de l’homme, police.Publicação Online do Caderno CRH:http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br
Content Analysis of the Corporate Social Responsibility Practices of 9 Major Cannabis Companies in Canada and the US
Authors: Wakefield Tanner , Glantz Stanton A. , Apollonio Dorie E. 
Published: August 2022

ImportanceThe cannabis industry has sought to normalize itself and expand its markets in the 21st century. One strategy used by companies to generate positive public relations is corporate social responsibility (CSR). It is critical to understand these efforts to influence the public and politicians given the risks of increased cannabis use.ObjectivesTo analyze cannabis industry CSR behaviors, determine their characteristics, and compare their practices with those of the tobacco industry.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis qualitative study of CSR activities conducted between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2021, evaluated 9 of the 10 largest publicly traded cannabis companies in the US and Canada. Data were collected from August 1 to December 31, 2021. The 10th company was excluded because it engaged in cannabis-based pharmaceutical sales but not CSR. A systematic review of corporate websites and Nexis Uni was performed, resulting in collection of 153 news articles, press releases, and Web pages. Charitable and philanthropic actions were included. Themes were identified and interpreted using modified grounded theory.Main Outcomes and MeasuresCSR activities and spending.ResultsNine major cannabis companies in the US and Canada engaged in CSR activities that encouraged increased consumption and targeted marginalized communities. Companies claimed these activities would mitigate the harms of cannabis prohibition, promote diversity, expand access to medical cannabis, and support charitable causes. They developed educational programs, sustainability initiatives, and voluntary marketing codes and used strategies similar to those used by tobacco companies to recruit public interest organizations as allies.Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that cannabis companies developed CSR strategies comparable to those used by the tobacco industry to influence regulation, suggesting that cannabis companies should be included when addressing commercial determinants of health.
Nestboxes augment seabird breeding performance in a high‐density colony: Insight from 15 years of monitoring data
Authors: Burke Brian , O'Connell Darren P. , Kinchin‐Smith David , Sealy Síofra , Newton Stephen F. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe provision of artificial nest structures is used in the conservation of a broad range of bird groups including raptors, owls, ducks, passerines and seabirds, with varying degrees of success.Artificial nestboxes have been provided to increase the density and breeding success of Roseate Tern pairs at colonies in north‐west Europe and the eastern seaboard of the USA and Canada, but their effect on breeding productivity has never been comprehensively quantified.Using 15 years of monitoring data, based on daily nest monitoring visits, we carried out a comparative analysis of the breeding performance of Roseate Tern pairs utilizing artificial nestboxes with those in open nests, on Rockabill Island (Ireland), to evaluate the effectiveness of nestbox installation as a conservation measure.Nestboxes were used ahead of open sites early in the season, likely by the experienced breeding pairs. Hatching success and fledging success were higher for pairs in nestboxes compared with those in open nest sites. Earlier clutches were more successful than later ones, independent of the effects of nest site type.The results of this study show definitively that Roseate Terns nesting in nestboxes perform better than those using open nest sites at their largest European colony and that nestboxes are chosen ahead of other sites, likely by the experienced breeding pairs. We recommend the continued and expanded use of nestboxes to help maximize the densities and breeding performance of the Roseate Tern.