bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two distinct episodes of life-threatening hemobilia due to a lesion of common bile duct and delayed intrapancreatic arteriobiliary fistula managed by emergency pancreatoduodenal resection
Authors: Popivanov Georgi , Vladov Nicola , Penchev Dimitar , Konaktchieva Marina , Ilcheva Boriana , Kostadinov Radoslav , Nikolov Vladimir , Stefanov Daniel , Mutafchiyski Ventsislav 
Published: May 2022

Hemobilia is an extremely rare cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. It often has intermittent manifestation, which may lead to significant diagnostic delay. In 65% of the cases, the causes are iatrogenic, in 7% the cause is malignancy, in 5% - gallstones, in 8% it is inflammation (cholecystitis, parasites, reflux cholangitis), vascular abnormality is the cause in 7% (most commonly pseudoaneurysm of the hepatic artery), and pancreatic pseudocyst causes hemobilia in 1%. In almost all cases, the bleeding originates from intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts, and rarely from the pancreas.
PUBMED search with keywords “hemobilia” and “arteriobiliary fistula” found a total of 44 papers. No case with intrapancreatic arterio-biliary fistula was found. To the best of our knowledge, we present a unique case of delayed life-threatening hemobilia caused by intrapancreatic arterio-biliary fistula. It was diagnosed at the fourth admission and managed successfully by emergency Traverso-Longmire pancreatoduodenal resection. We briefly discuss the keys to a timely diagnosis and the cornerstones of the treatment.
The timely diagnosis of hemobilia depends on a high index of suspicion and careful interpretation of the symptoms. Hemodynamic stability has a crucial role in the decision-making process. Angioembolization is the cornerstone of the treatment, whereas surgery is reserved only for cases with an unstable hemodynamic or unsuccessful embolization. Surgical approach depends on the bleeding site. Although an emergency pancreatic head resection is a procedure of last resort, it can be life-saving in cases with intractable bleeding due to intrapancreatic arteriobiliary fistula.
EU Lobbying in the “Age of Zoom”: How Was Environmental Policy Impacted?
Authors: Curreli Carolina 
Published: May 2022

La pandémie à laquelle le monde est confronté a bouleversé notre société, obligeant tous les secteurs à concevoir de nouvelles approches et s’adapter à une vie en ligne. Dans le cadre d’une compétition sous-tendue par une vague potentielle de changements politiques, le secteur du lobbying environnemental a dû faire preuve de souplesse et s’ouvrir à la pratique de nouvelles méthodes. Le véritable intérêt de l’UE pour la politique environnementale s’est traduit par le « Green Deal » européen (Pacte vert pour l’Europe). Ce dossier a suscité le plus intense de lobbying au cours des premières vagues de la pandémie de COVID-19. Toutefois, l’urgence actuelle a généré de nouveaux défis, qui ont eu un impact sur l’orientation du lobbying, ainsi que sur la visibilité, les coalitions et les tactiques des organisations environnementales. Les résultats des entretiens menés pour cette analyse ont montré que la numérisation a déjà envahi notre société, de sorte que l’« ère du zoom » n’a pas entravé les activités de lobbying environnemental. À l’avenir, toutefois, le lobbying s’appuiera sur des stratégies hybrides, sans cesser de se concentrer sur les enjeux écologiques, désormais centraux pour l’UE.
Complex Systems, Fragility and Security: Challenges for the EU Governance and Its Global Partners in Climate Change and Digitalization
Authors: Lucatello Simone , Leconte Arnaud 
Published: May 2022

Le modèle actuel de gouvernance mondiale se caractérise par l’interaction de plusieurs systèmes et variables non linéaires. Il en résulte un environnement complexe qui pose des défis importants à l’UE et aux autres acteurs politiques et économiques du Nord et du Sud. La fragilité, les menaces climatiques face aux menaces sécuritaires ainsi que la transformation numérique constituent un cadre mondial dans lequel l’UE et ses partenaires mondiaux doivent aller de l’avant. Dans cet article, nous analysons certains de ces systèmes de gouvernance complexes auxquels l’UE fait face. Nous soutenons qu’il devient nécessaire d’aller au-delà des approches réglementaires traditionnelles d’élaboration de règles, de conformité et de leur application ; il s’agirait surtout d’adopter de nouveaux cadres de gouvernance. Il s’agit notamment d’améliorer l’interaction entre la science et la politique, en favorisant et engageant des dialogues sur des décisions et des actions environnementales complexes, tels que l’interaction entre le changement climatique et la numérisation. Une collaboration plus efficace entre les différents secteurs, y compris le secteur privé, peut contribuer à optimiser les structures de gouvernance et à atteindre des résultats durables dans un monde aux systèmes complexes.
Refouler la défaite : le mythe de l’armée de l’air invaincue en 1940
Authors: d’Abzac-Epezy Claude 
Published: May 2022

Le mythe selon lequel l’armée de l’air française aurait remporté en mai-juin 1940 davantage de victoires sur la Luftwaffe qu’elle n’a subi de pertes et qu’elle serait donc « invaincue » naît dès le mois de juillet 1940 dans le contexte de l’attaque anglaise sur Mers el-Kébir. Malgré les démentis, ce mythe fait l’objet de croyances tenaces, car il renforce une identité positive de l’armée de l’air et des pilotes de chasse. Cette étude propose de retracer comment le mythe a pris naissance et s’est imposé pour tenter ensuite de comprendre le contexte et les raisons de la falsification historique et enfin d’en analyser les conséquences, car nier l’échec, c’est aussi s’exposer à le reproduire.
Pour un tournant écologique en psychosociologie
Authors: Faure David 
Published: May 2022

Les psychosociologues n’ont pas encore suffisamment intégré la crise écologique dans leur interventions et interrogé ses enjeux dans leurs pratiques. L’article, qui prend la forme d’un essai pour ouvrir un débat, part de l’hypothèse que cette difficulté tient principalement à un ancrage dans le courant classique des sciences humaines et sociales dont l’anthropocentrisme est aujourd’hui interrogé ; d’autre part à mettre en évidence les ressources présentes pour effectuer ce tournant. La démarche proposée part de la grille de lecture de la complexité de la réalité sociale établie dès 1966 par Jacques Ardoino, en tant que référence pour de nombreux psychosociologues. Je propose d’ajouter deux dimensions ou instances : le corps et la Terre, pour étendre le cadre de référence des analyses psychosociologiques et inviter à renouveler les références de la discipline et ouvrir sa pratique aux enjeux actuels.
Fibonacci Multichaos Algorithm for Medical Image Encryption for Transmission Through Wavelet Transform Based OFDM System and Its VLSI Realization
Authors: Ch Gangadhar , Md Habibulla , T Mahalakshmi , D Praveena , Ch SriLakshmi , K Phani Rama Krishna 
Published: May 2022

At every stage of the digital media transfer, storage, and retrieval process, sensitive images are rendered indecipherable through the use of image encryption. Germany's hospitals have relied on image encryption for years to keep patient data from being accessed by the IT personnel, stolen or left recorded into the network system that could be compromised remotely.
In order to encrypt a file manually, the process is extremely time- and effort-consuming. Automating this process while retaining high security is desirable. In this research, we present an approach for encrypting medical images that combines scientific computing with cryptography.
This algorithm uses the Fibonacci Multi Chaos Algorithm to encrypt medical images, making them more secure. Distinct wavelet transform orthogonal frequency division multiplexing is used to convey picture data in this work, which is a reliable and secure method.
Modified indwelling pleural catheter versus silver nitrate pleurodesis for the management of malignant pleural effusion
Authors: Abdelghany Mohammed F. , Essmat Khaled , El-Karn Atef Farouk , Youssif Sahar Farghly 
Published: May 2022

Background
About half of the patients suffering from malignant pleural effusion (MPE) complain of dyspnea with poor quality of life.

Objective
The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of silver nitrate pleurodesis (SNP) via tube thoracostomy and modified indwelling pleural catheter (IPC) in the management of patients complaining of recurrent symptomatic MPE.

Patients and methods
This two-arm, nonblinded interventional study (randomized controlled trial) was conducted between April 2018 and October 2019. In all, 45 patients were involved in this study and were randomly divided into two groups. Group I (SNP via tube thoracostomy, SNP group) including 21 patients and group II (modified IPC, IPC group) including 24 patients.

Findings
All enrolled patients had either moderate or massive pleural effusions. The majority of cases (61.9% of the SNP group and 69.6% of the modified IPC group) had successful pleurodesis. Mean hospital stay was significantly lower among the modified IPC group in comparison to the SNP group. The modified IPC group had a significantly higher chest pain score and higher dyspnea score at 1-month postprocedure in comparison to the SNP group.

Interpretation
SNP via intercostal tube and modified IPC pleurodesis for the management of recurrent symptomatic MPE were nearly equally effective with a high success rate and low tolerable complications. Both methods were safe and inexpensive in the achievement of pleurodesis. Modified IPC pleurodesis had the advantage of a single-day procedure and shorter hospital stay.
Assessment of different diagnostic modalities for the detection of ventilator-associated pneumonia
Authors: El-Shinnawy Olfat Mostafa , Abd El-Hadi Mohamed M. , Rashed Heba G. , Mahmoud Nermeen A. , Mahmoud Sahar R. 
Published: May 2022

Background
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the common causes of nosocomial infection. The diagnosis of VAP is subject to marked interobserver variability. The clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS) is simple, easily applicable and affordable, but may lead to overestimation and unnecessary use of antibiotics and hence microbiological resistance. However, at least 48 h are needed for definitive diagnosis using the microbiological methods, which may lead to delay in starting treatment. The best diagnostic method for the diagnosis of VAP remains unclear. Therefore, there is a great need for a definitive and simple method for the early detection of VAP.

Aim
This study aimed to assess the accuracy of different diagnostic tests for the early detection of VAP.

Results
In terms of the microbiological diagnosis of VAP, we isolated the same organism by protected endotracheal aspirate (EA) and bronchoalveolar lavage in about 76% of patients. The diagnostic performance of CPIS combined with EA gram stain was better than use of CPIS alone, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.81. The VAP lung ultrasound score (VPLUS) had a sensitivity and specificity of 70% at cutoff point more than 2, with an AUC of 0.71. Combining CPIS with VPLUS yielded the best diagnostic performance, with the sensitivity and specificity being nearly 85% at CPIS more than or equal to 8+VPLUS more than or equal to 2, AUC 0.92.

Conclusions
LUS is a very promising tool that aids in the diagnosis of VAP based on identification of specific sonographic features. However, it cannot replace microbiological sampling. The combination of clinical or ultrasound findings with gram stain yielded the best diagnostic performance.
Adenosine deaminase activity in serum and pleural fluid of patients with tuberculosis and those without tuberculosis
Authors: Salam Hany M. , Abdel-Hamid Hossam M. , Mostafa Yasser M. 
Published: May 2022

Background
Adenosine deaminase (ADA) has been considered as a marker for cell-mediated immunity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of ADA as a biomarker in diagnosis of pleural effusion in tuberculosis (TB).

Patients and methods
Forty patients from Abbasia Chest Hospital who were suspected to have exudative pleural effusion and prepared for pleural biopsy were enrolled in the study. ADA in pleural fluid and serum was measured for all of them, and then data were reported and analyzed.

Results
Of the 40 patients included in the study, most of the 20 patients with TB pleurisy were diagnosed mainly by thoracoscope (16/20), whereas the rest four cases were diagnosed by sonar-guided biopsy. The other 20 patients, diagnosed as non-TB pleural effusion (6/20), mesothelioma (8/20), pneumonia, and adenocarcinoma (6/20). There were significant statistical difference between both groups regarding age, total leukocyte count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and tuberculin skin test, whereas no significant association regarding sex, clinical presentation, and radiological finding within any groups. ADA in effusion, serum, and index had a significant statistical difference between the two groups, with cutoff point value in effusion and serum of ∼31.4 and 29.5 U/l, respectively, and 1.1 for the index, with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of ∼100, 90, 90, 100, and 95%, respectively, for ADA in effusion and serum, whereas for the index of ∼80, 65, 69, 76, and 73%, respectively.

Conclusion
Serum and pleural fluid ADA level significantly increases in patients with TB pleural effusion than non-TB pleural effusion with higher sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy in prediction.
Clinical Profile and Diagnosis of Tracheal Bronchus Among Patients Undergoing Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy in a Tertiary Level Health Facility
Authors: Shivashankaran Sanjeev , Prakash Sourabh M. , Shyvin K. S. , Kesavan Sreelakshmi , Chetambath Ravindran 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Tracheobronchial anomalies are rare clinical entities and often asymptomatic in nature. Some patients may experience symptoms such as cough, recurrent pneumonia, or hemoptysis. Tracheal bronchus is one of the rarer forms of tracheobronchial anomalies, which may be seen during routine bronchoscopy. Knowledge and understanding of tracheal bronchus is important for diagnosing symptomatic patients and performing certain procedures, including bronchoscopy and endotracheal intubation.

Objective:
The objective is to study the clinical profile, diagnosis, and management of tracheal bronchus detected during routine bronchoscopy in a tertiary care setting.

Methods:
This study was a retrospective analysis of hospital data of patients undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy for 2 years in a tertiary care setting.

Results:
There were 150 bronchoscopies performed during the period. A total of 42 anomalies were detected in 35 (23.33%) patients. Three patients had tracheal bronchus (2%).

Conclusions:
This retrospective study evaluated the presence of tracheal bronchus among patients who underwent bronchoscopy in a tertiary care hospital in Kerala, India. This study revealed that tracheal bronchus was present in 2% of all bronchoscopies done during that period.
A Preliminary Study on Learners’ Perception on Out of Class Autonomous Vocabulary Learning Strategies
Authors: Nayan Surina , Mohd Rawian Rafizah 
Published: May 2022

The current study tries to explore learners’ perception of out of class autonomous vocabulary learning strategies. The respondents were from one tertiary institution in Malaysia from the Diploma in Plantation and Industrial Management program. Questionnaires were distributed via the google classroom platform to 30 students because of the covid 19 pandemic where classes were conducted online. Data gathered were analysed using descriptive analysis based on percentages. Online distance learning (ODL) has taken place during this pandemic. Findings show the three most preferred ways to find meanings of the unknown words outside of class time are checking the meanings of the words, reviewing the new learnt words and encouraging themselves to speak in English using the words. On the other hand, the least preferred strategy is going to the access center or library or consulting online sources. As the findings show, it is vital for learners to be autonomous since some courses will still be conducted on-line even when the cases of covid 19 reduce later. By being autonomous learners will not depend a lot on lecturers and activities conducted in the classroom as time spent in the classroom is limited.
FORMATION OF NARROW-BAND N-TYPE OPTICAL RESONANCE IN VAPORS OF POTASSIUM ATOMS
Authors: Sargsyan A. 
Published: May 2022

An N-type optical resonance formed in the Л-system of potassium atoms (D1 lines) using two CW narrow-band lasers, a spectroscopic cell with a length of 1.5 cm which contains vapors of potassium atoms, and a buffer neon gas with a partial pressure of 20 Torr has been investigated. It is shown that the N-type resonance splits into three equidistant components in a longitudinal magnetic field. A comparison of the N-type resonance parameters formed in the vapors of cesium and rubidium atoms has been presented. It is found that when the N-type resonance is formed, the initial and final levels are the lower ground levels
Fg = 1, 2.
ANALYSIS OF THE PRODUCTS OF THE L-CYSTEINE REACTION WITH Fe(III) COMPOUNDS IN AN ACIDIC MEDIUM
Authors: Berestova T. V. , Nizametdinova L. А. , Lusina О. V. , Lobov А. N. , Mustafin А. G. 
Published: May 2022

The interaction of the L-cysteine solution with iron(III) compounds of FeCl3, Fe2(SO4)3, Fe(NO3)3 was studied in an acidic medium (pH 2). It was shown that the reaction proceeded 30 minutes with the formation of L-cystine (21–40%) as the main product. It was found that the L-cysteine reaction with FeCl3 leads to the formation of the L-cysteine sulfinic acid in the solution as a by-product. The products of the L-cysteine reaction
with Fe(III) compounds were interpreted by IR and NMR spectroscopy.
VERTICAL PURE ELECTRONIC OPTICAL TRANSITION AND SEMICONDUCTOR DIRECT BAND GAP
Authors: Tolkachev V. A. 
Published: May 2022

It is shown that the method of determining the frequency of pure electronic transition from molecular diffuse vibrational spectra is applicable for the estimation of a semiconductor direct band gap. This method is used to determine the direct band gap between the valence band and the photoconductivity band from the
photoconductivity spectrum.
Development of the NACE “MR-01-75” and NACE “TM-01-77” Standards, Part II: Accelerated Material Qualification Testing in Sour Environments at Near Atmospheric Pressure
Authors: Sherar Brent W.A. , Caldwell Eric , Ellis Peter F. , Kane Russell D. 
Published: May 2022

This paper is Part II of a two-part series intended to narrate the history, some of which has been forgotten over time, leading up to the publication of the first Material Requirement (MR-01-75) standard prepared by NACE and its subsequent auxiliary standards. Previously, Part I described the field observations and discussed the metallurgical factors that were being investigated by the historical NACE T-1B and 1F committees to support the development of a sour service materials standard. In Part II, we focus on the rationale behind the use of accelerated laboratory test procedures designed to differentiate metallurgical behavior in sour environments. The original sulfide stress cracking test methodologies would later be codified as a Test Method in NACE TM-01-77 (1977). A review of the historical events culminating in NACE MR-01-75 and NACE TM-01-77 provides a technical basis for the historical use of NACE solution A (5 wt% NaCl + 0.5 wt% acetic acid) to evaluate metallurgical factors, and the origins of several common SSC NACE Test Methods still used today: Methods A (tensile), B (three-point bent beam), and C (C-ring). The accelerated laboratory test results, in combination with parallel field trials (performed in advance of the first NACE MR-01-75 publication), supported the ≤22 Rockwell C (22 HRC) hardness limit for carbon and low alloy steels in sour environments containing ≥0.05 psia H2S partial pressure. As the oil and gas industry continues to innovate and mature, it was imperative to maintain knowledge of the origins of the NACE MR-01-75 and TM-01-77 standards and their intended purposes.
Comparative effect of Gong’s mobilization and Spencer technique to manage frozen shoulder
Authors: Prasanth Sindhura K. , Sudhan Mohana M Aparna , Sreedharan Sreejesh. M. , Subbarayalu Arun Vijay , P Shahul Hameed 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionPhysical therapy plays a significant role in managing frozen shoulder (FS), and it includes applying manual mobilization techniques to reduce pain, restore the extensibility of the shoulder capsule and increase range of motion (ROM). Objective: To compare the effectiveness of Gong's mobilization (GM) and Spencer technique (ST) in reducing pain, functional disability, and improving shoulder ROM on FS patients.MethodsA pre-and-post-test experimental study design was adopted, where thirty patients (<i>n</i> = 30) diagnosed with unilateral FS were selected and randomized into two groups of 15 using a simple random technique. Subjects in experimental group 1(EG-I) received ST technique and ultrasound therapy (US), with Codman’s pendular exercise (CPE). Whereas experimental group II (EG-II) received GM technique and US, with CPE. The intervention lasted five days and consisted of one session every day. Three variables were assessed to study the treatment effectiveness both at the pre-intervention and at the end of the first week: (i) pain intensity as measured by the Visual Analogue Scale; (ii) shoulder ROM as measured by a goniometer (abduction, flexion, and medial rotation (MR)); and (iii) functional disability as measured by SPADI (Shoulder Pain Disability Index).ResultsThe EG-II showed a better reduction in pain intensity (mean difference (MD) of 0.87), SPADI (MD of 7), and increase in shoulder ROM (MD: 'abduction': 15.76; ‘Flexion’: 15.67; ‘MR’: 10.33) than the EG-I at 0.05 levels of significance.ConclusionsGong’s mobilization was found to be more effective than Spencer's technique with ultrasound therapy and CPE in treating patients with FS.
Maudhui Yaliyotumiwa katika Utunzi wa Michezo ya Kuigiza kuhusu Ukimwi Katika Mashindano ya Sanaa za Shule za Upili.
Authors: Michael Kiguta  
Published: May 2022

Utafiti huu ulilenga kutambua maudhui yaliyotumiwa katika utunzi wa michezo ya kuigiza kuhusu ukimwi katika mashindano ya sanaa za shule za upili. Maeneo ya utafiti yalitokana na uchunguzi wa michezo miwili, ambayo ilikuwa: Chozi (2001) na Majuto (2001). Tulitumia michezo kama sampuli iliyowakilisha michezo yote ya Kiswahili iliyokuwa na mada kuhusu ukimwi. Uteuzi ulitokana na sababu kuwa ulihusu vipengele vya kimsingi kama vile: uhusika, mandhari, jukwaa, kitendo, ploti, lugha maleba na jumuiya. Utafiti huu ulikuwa wa kimaktabani ulitumia hadhira tuli ya kimaandishi. Data zilizokusanywa kutoka nakala za michezo ziliainishwa kupitia vigezo mbalimbali vya matumizi ya maudhui. Makala hii ilibaini kuwa watunzi walitumia maudhui mbalimbali kukuza mada ya ukimwi. Baadhi ya maudhui ambayo yalitumiwa yalikuwa ya: mila na utamaduni, uhafidhina, asasi za ndoa, utabaka, utamauushi, uana, malezi, ufuska, uzinzi na kadhalika. Maudhui ulitumiwa kubeba ujumbe kuhusu ukimwi. Utafiti huu ulipendekeza kuwa maudhui yaliyojadiliwa yangefaa kuwa katika tajriba ya vijana ya kila siku, maudhui ya ukimwi yangelijadiliwa bila kutumia mbinu ya kitanzia, ingekuwa bora kama tamthilia zingelijadili jinsi ya kuishi na waathiriwa wa ukimwi badala ya kuwatenga kama ilivyokuwa katika tamthilia ya Majuto, tamthilia ingetumika kwa njia ya ushawishi kuhusu ugonjwa wa ukimwi badala ya kulaumu na kukemea, mtunzi angeonyesha kuwa maafa si suluhu la matatizo bali ni kutorokea hali ngumu kwa njia ya kifantasia, ingekuwa bora kwa mtunzi kumuondoa katika tamthilia nzima kwa kuwa alifanaya kazi ya mtunzi iwe na udhaifu kisha kulihitajika watunzi wengi wa shule za upili wajitokeze ili tamthilia itumike vilivyo kama chombo mahsusi cha upashanaji wa ujumbe dhidi ya ukimwi.