bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and histopathological features of myositis in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Tiniakou Eleni , Goldman Daniel , Corse Andrea , Mammen Andrew , Petri Michelle A 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveThe objectives of this study were to compare the clinical features of patients with SLE with and without myopathy and to describe the muscle biopsy features of patients with SLE myopathy.MethodsThis nested case–control study included all subjects enrolled in the Hopkins Lupus Cohort database from May 1987 to June 2016. Subjects with elevated creatine kinase along with evidence of muscle oedema on MRI, myopathic electromyography and/or myopathic muscle biopsy features were defined as having SLE myopathy. Demographic, serological and clinical features were compared between patients with SLE with and without myopathy. Muscle biopsies were histologically classified as polymyositis, dermatomyositis, necrotising myopathy or non-specific myositis.ResultsFrom among 2437 patients with SLE, 179 (7.3%) had myopathy. African American patients were more likely to develop myositis than Caucasian patients (p<0.0001). Compared with those without myopathy, patients with SLE myopathy were more likely to have malar rash (OR 1.67, 1.22–2.29), photosensitivity (OR 1.43, 1.04–1.96), arthritis (OR 1.81, 1.21–2.69), pleurisy (OR 1.77, 1.3–2.42), pericarditis (OR 1.49, 1.06–2.08), acute confusional state (OR 2.07, 1.09–3.94), lymphopaenia (OR 1.64, 1.2–2.24), anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies (OR 1.52, 1.09–2.13), lupus anticoagulant (OR 1.42, 1–2), cognitive impairment (OR 1.87, 1.12–3.13), cataract (OR 1.5, 1.04–2.18), pulmonary hypertension (OR 1.98, 1.13–3.47), pleural fibrosis (OR 2.01, 1.27–3.18), premature gonadal failure (OR 1.9, 1.05–3.43), diabetes (OR 1.92, 1.22–3.02) or hypertension (OR 1.45, 1.06–2). Among 16 muscle biopsies available for review, the most common histological classifications were necrotising myositis (50%) and dermatomyositis (38%).ConclusionsPatients with SLE myopathy have a higher prevalence of numerous SLE disease manifestations. Necrotising myopathy and dermatomyositis are the most prevalent histopathological features in SLE myopathy.
Amalgamated duplication of Banach algebras from homological point of view
Authors: Abolghasemi M. , Javanshiri H. , Tolooei Y. 
Published: March 2022

In a paper from 2002, Zhang [Weak amenability of module extensions of Banach algebras, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 354 (2002) 4131–4151] used module extensions to construct an example of a weakly amenable Banach algebra which is not 3-weakly amenable. Following his approach, we show that for amalgamated duplication of dual Banach algebras, we are able to choose appropriate conditions for weak Connes amenability of those Banach algebras which extend the Zhang’s result in a much more general setting. Moreover, apart from the characterization of minimal idempotents, we restrict our investigation to the study of injectivity, projectivity and flatness of amalgamated duplication of Banach algebras. Particularly, it is worth mentioning that our result paves the way for studying of homological properties and weak Connes amenability of those dual Banach algebras that have a semidirect product-like structure including Lau algebras.
Dating deformation: the role of atomic-scale processes
Authors: Villa Igor M. 
Published: March 2022

Dating deformation is difficult, as textures and petrogenesis of deformed rocks are complex. Moreover, geochronometer categories are pursued by communities that often do not communicate.
Hygrochronology dates the retrograde metasomatic/metamorphic reactions caused by aqueous fluid circulation events.

Thermochronology models time-temperature histories by assuming that mineral ages can be uniquely assigned to a ‘closure temperature
T
c
’, the only process occurring in rocks being Fick's Law diffusion. Diffusion by definition produces a bell-shaped concentration profile. In contrast, patchy intra-grain isotope concentration profiles denounce aqueous retrogression, whose rate is orders of magnitude faster than diffusion.

Petrochronology is based on opposite assumptions, as the mobility of structure-forming major cations is higher than that of radiogenic Pb, Ar, and Sr. Whenever the formation of a mineral occurs at
T
<
T
c
, its apparent age dates its formation.

Nanochronology analyses samples at the nanometre-scale. These analyses illuminate atomic-scale processes, e.g. open-system transport of soluble ions along self-sealing networks of nanopores.
The key to dating deformation and producing correct, regional-sized (up to hundreds of kilometres) tectonic models is the realization that minerals consist of atoms, whose behaviour is only firmly constrained by nanometre-scale analyses.

Thematic collection:
This article is part of the Isotopic Dating of Deformation collection available at:
https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/isotopic-dating-of-deformation
Object Intersection Captures on Interactive Apps to Drive a Crowd-sourced Replay-based Compiler Optimization
Authors: Mpeis Paschalis , Petoumenos Pavlos , Hazelwood Kim , Leather Hugh 
Published: March 2022

Traditional offline optimization frameworks rely on representative hardware, software, and inputs to compare different optimizations on. With application-specific optimization for mobile systems though, the idea of a representative testbench is unrealistic while creating offline inputs is non-trivial. Online approaches partially overcome these problems but they might expose users to suboptimal or even erroneous code. Therefore, our mobile code is poorly optimized, resulting in wasted performance and energy and user frustration.

In this article, we introduce a novel compiler optimization approach designed for mobile applications. It requires no developer effort, it tunes applications for the user’s device and usage patterns, and it has no negative impact on the user experience. It is based on a lightweight capture and replay mechanism. Our previous work [
46
] captures the state accessed by any targeted code region during its online stage. By repurposing existing OS capabilities, it keeps the overhead low. In its offline stage, it replays the code region but under different optimization decisions to enable sound comparisons of different optimizations under realistic conditions. In this article, we propose a technique that further decreases the storage sizes without any additional overhead. It captures only the intersection of reachable objects and accessed heap pages. We compare this with another new approach that has minimal runtime overheads at the cost of higher capture sizes. Coupled with a search heuristic for the compiler optimization space, our capture and replay mechanism allows us to discover optimization decisions that improve performance without testing these decisions directly on the user. Finally, with crowd-sourcing we split this offline evaluation effort between several users, allowing us to discover better code in less time.

We implemented a prototype system in Android based on LLVM combined with a genetic search engine and a crowd-sourcing architecture. We evaluated it on both benchmarks and real Android applications. Online captures are infrequent and introduce ~5 ms or 15 ms on average, depending on the approach used. For this negligible effect on user experience, we achieve speedups of 44% on average over the Android compiler and 35% over LLVM -O3. Our collaborative search is just 5% short of that speedup, which is impressive given the acceleration gains. The user with the highest workload concluded the search 7

\( \times \)

faster.
Release of IFNγ by Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells Remodels Bone Marrow Immune Microenvironment by Inducing Regulatory T Cells
Authors: Corradi Giulia , Bassani Barbara , Simonetti Giorgia , Sangaletti Sabina , Vadakekolathu Jayakumar , Fontana Maria Chiara , Pazzaglia Martina , Gulino Alessandro , Tripodo Claudio , Cristiano Gianluca , Bandini Lorenza , Ottaviani Emanuela , Ocadlikova Darina , Piccioli Milena , Martinelli Giovanni , Colombo Mario Paolo , Rutella Sergio , Cavo Michele , Ciciarello Marilena , Curti Antonio 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
The stromal and immune bone marrow (BM) landscape is emerging as a crucial determinant for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Regulatory T cells (Treg) are enriched in the AML microenvironment, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly elucidated. Here, we addressed the effect of IFNγ released by AML cells in BM Treg induction and its impact on AML prognosis.

Experimental Design:
BM aspirates from patients with AML were subdivided according to IFNG expression. Gene expression profiles in INFγhigh and IFNγlow samples were compared by microarray and NanoString analysis and used to compute a prognostic index. The IFNγ release effect on the BM microenvironment was investigated in mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)/AML cell cocultures. In mice, AML cells silenced for ifng expression were injected intrabone.

Results:
IFNγhigh AML samples showed an upregulation of inflammatory genes, usually correlated with a good prognosis in cancer. In contrast, in patients with AML, high IFNG expression was associated with poor overall survival. Notably, IFNγ release by AML cells positively correlated with a higher BM suppressive Treg frequency. In coculture experiments, IFNγhigh AML cells modified MSC transcriptome by upregulating IFNγ-dependent genes related to Treg induction, including indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1). IDO1 inhibitor abrogated the effect of IFNγ release by AML cells on MSC-derived Treg induction. In vivo, the genetic ablation of IFNγ production by AML cells reduced MSC IDO1 expression and Treg infiltration, hindering AML engraftment.

Conclusions:
IFNγ release by AML cells induces an immune-regulatory program in MSCs and remodels BM immunologic landscape toward Treg induction, contributing to an immunotolerant microenvironment.
See related commentary by Ferrell and Kordasti, p. 2986
DNA-PK Inhibition and Radiation Promote Antitumoral Immunity through RNA Polymerase III in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Wang Weiwei , McMillan Matthew T. , Zhao Xinyi , Wang Zhuwen , Jiang Long , Karnak David , Lima Fatima , Parsels Joshua D. , Parsels Leslie A. , Lawrence Theodore S. , Frankel Timothy L. , Morgan Meredith A. , Green Michael D. , Zhang Qiang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Targeting the DNA damage response in combination with radiation enhances type I interferon (T1IFN)-driven innate immune signaling. It is not understood, however, whether DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), the kinase critical for repairing the majority of radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks in cancer cells, is immunomodulatory. We show that combining radiation with DNA-PK inhibition increases cytosolic double-stranded DNA and tumoral T1IFN signaling in a cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)- and stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-independent, but an RNA polymerase III (POL III), retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), and antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS)-dependent manner. Although DNA-PK inhibition and radiation also promote programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, the use of anti–PD-L1 in combination with radiation and DNA-PK inhibitor potentiates antitumor immunity in pancreatic cancer models. Our findings demonstrate a novel mechanism for the antitumoral immune effects of DNA-PK inhibitor and radiation that leads to increased sensitivity to anti–PD-L1 in poorly immunogenic pancreatic cancers.

Implications:
Our work nominates a novel therapeutic strategy as well as its cellular mechanisms pertinent for future clinical trials combining M3814, radiation, and anti-PD-L1 antibody in patients with pancreatic cancer.
Vascular Dysfunction of COVID-19 Is Partially Reverted in the Long-Term
Authors: Zanoli Luca , Gaudio Agostino , Mikhailidis Dimitri P. , Katsiki Niki , Castellino Niccolò , Lo Cicero Lorenzo , Geraci Giulio , Sessa Concetto , Fiorito Letizia , Marino Francesca , Antonietta Di Rosolini Maria , Colaci Michele , Longo Antonio , Montineri Arturo , Malatino Lorenzo , Castellino Pietro , Aparo Paola , Arena Andrea , Barchitta Martina , Castelletti Federica , Di Noto Martina , Di Pino Antonino , Giarrusso Ornella , Isaia Ivan , Lentini Paolo , Magnano San Lio Paola , Manuele Rosa , Marino Elisa , Morale Walter , Sciuto Alice , Scuto Salvatore Sebastiano , Xourafa Anastasia , Zocco Sabrina 
Published: March 2022

Background:
COVID-19 is characterized by severe inflammation during the acute phase and increased aortic stiffness in the early postacute phase. In other models, aortic stiffness is improved after the reduction of inflammation. We aimed to evaluate the mid- and long-term effects of COVID-19 on vascular and cardiac autonomic function. The primary outcome was aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV).

Methods:
The cross-sectional Study-1 included 90 individuals with a history of COVID-19 and 180 matched controls. The longitudinal Study-2 included 41 patients with COVID-19 randomly selected from Study-1 who were followed-up for 27 weeks.

Results:

Study-1: Compared with controls, patients with COVID-19 had higher aPWV and brachial PWV 12 to 24 (but not 25–48) weeks after COVID-19 onset, and they had higher carotid Young’s elastic modulus and lower distensibility 12 to 48 weeks after COVID-19 onset. In partial least squares structural equation modeling, the higher the hs-CRP (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) at hospitalization was, the higher the aPWV 12 to 48 weeks from COVID-19 onset (path coefficient: 0.184;
P
=0.04). Moreover, aPWV (path coefficient: −0.186;
P
=0.003) decreased with time. Study-2: mean blood pressure and carotid intima-media thickness were comparable at the end of follow-up, whereas aPWV (−9%;
P
=0.01), incremental Young’s elastic modulus (−17%;
P
=0.03), baroreflex sensitivity (+28%;
P
=0.049), heart rate variability triangular index (+15%;
P
=0.01), and subendocardial viability ratio (+12%;
P
=0.01×10
−4
) were significantly improved. There was a trend toward improvement in brachial PWV (−6%;
P
=0.14) and carotid distensibility (+18%;
P
=0.05). Finally, at the end of follow-up (48 weeks after the onset of COVID-19) aPWV (+6%;
P
=0.04) remained significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 than in control subjects.

Conclusions:
COVID-19-related arterial stiffening involves several arterial tree portions and is partially resolved in the long-term.
Robot-Assisted Training as Self-Training for Upper-Limb Hemiplegia in Chronic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Takebayashi Takashi , Takahashi Kayoko , Amano Satoru , Gosho Masahiko , Sakai Masahiro , Hashimoto Koichi , Hachisuka Kenji , Uchiyama Yuki , Domen Kazuhisa 
Published: March 2022

Background:This study aimed to examine whether robotic self-training improved upper-extremity function versus conventional self-training in mild-to-moderate hemiplegic chronic stroke patients.Methods:Study design was a multi-center, prospective, randomized, parallel-group study comparing three therapist-guided interventions (1-hour sessions, 3×/wk, 10 weeks). We identified 161 prospective patients with chronic, poststroke, upper-limb hemiplegia treated at participating rehabilitation centers. Patients were enrolled between November 29, 2016, and November 12, 2018 in Japan. A blinded web-based allocation system was used to randomly assign 129 qualifying patients into 3 groups: (1) conventional self-training plus conventional therapy (control, N=42); (2) robotic self-training (ReoGo-J) plus conventional therapy (robotic therapy [RT], N=44); or (3) robotic self-training plus constraint-induced movement therapy (N=43). Primary outcome: Fugl-Meyer Assessment for upper-extremity. Secondary outcomes: Motor Activity Log-14 amount of use and quality of movement; Fugl-Meyer Assessment shoulder/elbow/forearm, wrist, finger, and coordination scores; Action Research Arm Test Score; Motricity Index; Modified Ashworth Scale; shoulder, elbow, forearm, wrist, and finger range of motion; and Stroke Impact Scale (the assessors were blinded). Safety outcomes were adverse events.Results:Safety was assessed in 127 patients. An intention-to-treat full analysis set (N=121), and a per-protocol set (N=115) of patients who attended 80% of sessions were assessed. One severe adverse event was recorded, unrelated to the robotic device. No significant differences in Fugl-Meyer Assessment for upper-extremity scores were observed between groups (RT versus control: −1.04 [95% CI, −2.79 to 0.71],P=0.40; RT versus movement therapy: −0.33 [95% CI, −2.02 to 1.36],P=0.90). The RT in the per-protocol set improved significantly in the Fugl-Meyer Assessment for upper-extremity shoulder/elbow/forearm score (RT versus control: −1.46 [95% CI, −2.63 to −0.29];P=0.037).Conclusions:Robotic self-training did not improve upper-limb function versus usual self-training, but may be effective combined with conventional therapy in some populations (per-protocol set).Registration:URL:https://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr; Unique identifier: UMIN000022509.
Proximal femoral replacement for non-neoplastic conditions: a systematic review on current outcomes
Authors: Di Martino Alberto , Pederiva Davide , Bordini Barbara , Di Carlo Gabriele , Panciera Alessandro , Geraci Giuseppe , Stefanini Niccolò , Faldini Cesare 
Published: March 2022

AbstractProximal femoral replacement (PFR) is a well-established treatment for neoplasia of the proximal femur. The use of this surgical technique for non-neoplastic conditions has increased over the years. We carried out a systematic review of the literature to study the indications, complications, and functional results when PFR is used for non-neoplastic conditions. Twenty-seven studies were included in the review with a total of 828 PFRs with a mean follow-up of 50 months (range 1–225 months). The main indications were infection (28%), periprosthetic fracture (27%), aseptic loosening (22%), and fracture (16%). The rate of reoperation was 20.3% overall. The overall revision rate was 15.4%. The main complications were dislocation (10.2%) and infection (7.3%). After 2010, the rates of reoperation (25.5% versus 18.2%), loosening (9.4% versus 3.2%), and dislocation (15.7% versus 7.9%) were lower than before 2010. The 30-day mortality ranged from 0% to 9%. The hip function scores improved post-surgery. In conclusion, the use of PFR in non-neoplastic conditions remains a marginal tool, associated with low direct mortality and high complication rates, but we expect its use to increase in the near future.
Distribution and pathogenic diversity in Fusarium udum Butler isolates: the causal agent of pigeonpea Fusarium wilt
Authors: B. M Ravikumara , G Ramanagouda , Naik M. K. , Telangre Rameshwar , Sharma Mamta 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Fusarium wilt (Fusarium udum Butler), an important soil-borne disease of pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.)], causes significant yield losses across the major pigeonpea production regions. Widespread and high diversity in F. udum hampers the breeding for pigeonpea wilt resistance. The study aimed to elucidate the pathogenic diversity and distribution of F. udum variants in major pigeonpea growing regions of India.

Results
The roving survey was conducted in major pigeonpea-growing states of India to collect the F. udum isolates. Pathogenic variability of 60 F. udum isolates which are selected from diverse geographical locations and pathogenicity test were performed against 11 pigeonpea host differentials cultivars [ICP 8858, ICP 8859, ICP 8862, ICP 8863, ICP 9174, C 11, BDN 1, BDN 2, LRG 30, ICP 2376 and Bahar (ICP 7197)]. The current study indicated distribution of F. udum isolates into nine variants (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8). Variant-2 and 3 were found to be widespread and predominant in most pigeonpea producing regions. Variant-7 (Karnataka) and Variant-8 (Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra) were found highly virulent, as most of the host differentials were susceptible to these variants. Three host differential cultivars namely ICP 9174, BDN-2 and Bahar (ICP 7197) were found resistant to most of the F. udum isolates.

Conclusion
The present study generated significant information in terms of variants of F. udum which could be used further for the deployment of location-specific wilt resistant cultivars for optimized disease-management strategies. Study is also useful for development of broad-based wilt resistant cultivars to curtail the possible epidemics.
Immortal time bias for life-long conditions in retrospective observational studies using electronic health records
Authors: Tyrer Freya , Bhaskaran Krishnan , Rutherford Mark J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Immortal time bias is common in observational studies but is typically described for pharmacoepidemiology studies where there is a delay between cohort entry and treatment initiation.

Methods
This study used the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) and linked national mortality data in England from 2000 to 2019 to investigate immortal time bias for a specific life-long condition, intellectual disability. Life expectancy (Chiang’s abridged life table approach) was compared for 33,867 exposed and 980,586 unexposed individuals aged 10+ years using five methods: (1) treating immortal time as observation time; (2) excluding time before date of first exposure diagnosis; (3) matching cohort entry to first exposure diagnosis; (4) excluding time before proxy date of inputting first exposure diagnosis (by the physician); and (5) treating exposure as a time-dependent measure.

Results
When not considered in the design or analysis (Method 1), immortal time bias led to disproportionately high life expectancy for the exposed population during the first calendar period (additional years expected to live: 2000–2004: 65.6 [95% CI: 63.6,67.6]) compared to the later calendar periods (2005–2009: 59.9 [58.8,60.9]; 2010–2014: 58.0 [57.1,58.9]; 2015–2019: 58.2 [56.8,59.7]). Date of entry of diagnosis (Method 4) was unreliable in this CPRD cohort. The final methods (Method 2, 3 and 5) appeared to solve the main theoretical problem but residual bias may have remained.

Conclusions
We conclude that immortal time bias is a significant issue for studies of life-long conditions that use electronic health record data and requires careful consideration of how clinical diagnoses are entered onto electronic health record systems.
A comparative analysis on characteristics and mortalities of four key transmission populations on antiretroviral therapy: a retrospective cohort study in Northwest China
Authors: Feng Shuo , Zhu Zirong , Yang Pengju , Jin Juan , Tuo Huihui , Wang Ning , Bai Ruimin , Sun Yan , Song Liumei , Zhang Xiu , Wang Shengbang , Duan Qiqi , Huang Yingjian , Zheng Yan , Xu Songhua 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
This study explored disparities in characteristics and mortalities among four major transmission groups on antiretroviral therapy in northwest China as well as the survival impact of each transmission route.

Methods
We first examined disparities in demographics and clinical characteristics of the four transmission populations. Kaplan Meier analysis was subsequently conducted to compare survival rates among all groups. At last, Cox proportional hazards regression model was employed to analyze the survival impact of a transmission route among seven main categories of survival factors associated with all-cause mortalities.

Results
Survival analysis showed significant differences in all-cause, AIDS- and non-AIDS-related deaths among four HIV populations (all P < 0.05). Using homosexuals as the reference, Cox proportional hazards model further revealed that the risk of all-cause death for blood and plasma donors was significantly higher than that of the reference (aHR: 5.21, 95%CI: 1.54–17.67); the risk of non-AIDS-related death for heterosexuals (aHR: 2.07, 95%CI: 1.01–4.20) and that for blood and plasma donors (aHR: 19.81, 95%CI: 5.62–69.89) were both significantly higher than that of the reference.

Conclusions
Significant disparities were found in characteristics and mortalities among the four transmission groups where mortality disparities were mainly due to non-AIDS-related death. Suggestions are provided for each group to improve their survivorship.