bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ocular Manifestations of Newly Diagnosed Acute Leukemia Patients
Authors: Mirshahi Reza , Ghassemi Fariba , Koochakzadeh Leili , Faranoush Mohammad , Ghomi Zahra , Mehrvar Azim , Mousavi Seyed Asadollah , Safaee Nodehi Seyyed Reza 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
To present primary ocular manifestations in acute leukemia.

Methods:
This cross-sectional descriptive hospital-based study evaluated all newly diagnosed leukemia patients of three referral hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2015–2016 and Mahak Hospital in Tehran in 2017. Exclusion criteria included the patients with the previous history of chemotherapy, cases of relapsing disease, and the patients with a history of ocular disease or other systemic conditions with ophthalmic manifestations.

Results:
A total of 85 patients (170 eyes) were evaluated in our study, including 29 children (34.1%) and 43 females (50.6%). The mean patient age was 37.84 ± 11.91 years in the adult group and 6.28 ± 4.70 years in the pediatric category. Ophthalmic involvement was seen in 27 patients (31.8%), including 6 pediatric patients (20.7%) and 21 adult patients (37.5%). Two patients (2.3%) had direct infiltration by leukemic cells and 76 patients (89.41%) of patients were asymptomatic. There was a correlation between ophthalmic involvement and platelet count and hemoglobin level. In patients with ocular signs, higher mortality rates were observed.

Conclusions:
At the time of diagnosis in acute leukemia patients, complete ophthalmic evaluation including dilated fundus examination is suggested as ocular involvement in these patients is common and sometimes asymptomatic. Ophthalmic involvement in leukemic patients should be identified in a timely manner, particularly in individuals with low platelet counts and hemoglobin levels, due to the potential prognostic relevance.
Intracameral Injection of Methotrexate for Treatment of Epithelial Ingrowth
Authors: Salari Farhad , Fakhraie Ghasem , Amoli Fahimeh Asadi , Zarei-Ghanavati Mehran 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:To report a case of intracameral injection of methotrexate (MTX) to treat the epithelial ingrowth that occurred following glaucoma surgery.Methods:A case report of a 40-year-old male with epithelial ingrowth after implantation of Ahmed glaucoma valve.Results:The patient was treated with 11 doses of weekly intracameral MTX (400 mg/0.1 ml). Clinical evidence of recurrence was not observed after 11 months of follow-up.Discussion:Intracameral MTX can be used as an alternative for the treatment of epithelial ingrowth.
Epidemiological Status of Thyroid Eye Disease in Central Iran
Authors: Eshraghi Bahram , Nikdel Mojgan , Abbasi Maryam 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
To focus on clinical manifestations and epidemiology of thyroid eye disease (TED) in Central Iran's population.

Methods:
In this retrospective case study, we analyzed all patients with TED who were referred to our oculoplastic clinic from 2015 to 2019. The patients' epidemiological characteristics and clinical presentation were compared between different thyroid disease groups and genders.

Results:
Overall, 383 patients (155 male; 40.5% and 228 female; 59.5%) were included. The mean age was 39.55 years (standard deviation ± 13.45, range 10–72). Most patients (89%) were hyperthyroid with the highest duration of ocular involvement among all categories (25.6 months). The most common signs on ophthalmic examinations were proptosis (80.4%), followed by eyelid retraction (72.3.0%). TED was classified as mild in 24.5%, moderate to severe in 67.6%, and sight-threatening in 7.9%. Thirty patients (7.8%) had active TED.

Conclusions:
This series with a relatively more significant number of TED cases in Central Iran found similar epidemiological and clinical characteristics of TED compared to other studies from Iran. Most of our patients were hyperthyroid, with more females compared to males. Proptosis and eyelid retraction were the most common manifestations. Most TED patients were classified as moderate to severe.
A Systematic Review on the Role of Antioxidants in Thyroid Eye Disease
Authors: Akbarian Shadi , Chaibakhsh Samira , Kashkouli Mohsen Bahmani , Karimi Nasser , Abdolalizadeh Parya , Ghahvehchian Hossein 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
To systematically review the role of antioxidants in management of patients with thyroid eye disease (TED).

Methods:
A literature search of the electronic databases was performed without restrictions on the date of publication till the end of March 2021, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Clinical trials, case–control studies, cohorts, case series, case reports, and experimental (including in vitro) studies in the English language were included. The primary outcome in human studies was improvement in severity, activity scores, and/or quality of life scores. There was a decrease in the level of H2O2-dependent oxidative stress, Hyaluronic acid release, reactive oxygen species, cell proliferation, or antifibrotic/antiproliferative actions in the in vitro studies.

Results:
Out of 374 initially screened articles, 157 studies were selected, the full texts of 82 were reviewed, and 14 papers were finally included. There were 4 clinical and 10 in vitro studies from 1993 to 2018. While β-carotene, retinol, Vitamin E, Vitamin C, melatonin, resveratrol, N-acetyl-l-cysteine, and quercetin showed some efficacy in in vitro studies; allopurinol, nicotinamide, pentoxifylline, and selenium (Se) were effective in both clinical and experimental reports. Se was the only recommended antioxidant based on one high-level randomized controlled trial.

Conclusion:
While different antioxidants could potentially be effective in the management of TED, no strong recommendation for any or combination of antioxidants could be made to be implemented in the daily practice.
B-Scan Ultrasonography Findings in Unilateral Posterior Scleritis
Authors: Maleki Arash , Ruggeri Maria , Colombo Amanda , Asgari Soheila , Look-Why Sydney , Apoorva Shimy , Foster C. Stephen 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
To evaluate the B-scan ultrasound findings in unilateral posterior scleritis.

Methods:
This was a retrospective observational case series at a tertiary uveitis clinic. The study population included patients who had been diagnosed with milder forms of unilateral posterior scleritis since 2010 and had B-scan ultrasonography of that eye. The healthy eye of each patient was considered the control eye for that patient.

Results:
The average age of patients was 50.2 ± 17.8 (range, 18–67). Posterior scleritis was idiopathic in 6 (66.7%) patients and associated with rheumatoid arthritis in two and HLA-B27 ankylosing spondylitis in one patient. The thickness of the thickest area in the diseased eye was 2.08 ± 0.49 (range, 1.35–3.2) and the control eye was 1.53 ± 0.38 (range, 1.03–2.3). The difference between the symptomatic and control eye was statistically significantly different (P = 0.02). 1.7 mm was the cut-off-point on the receiver operating characteristics curve with the highest combined sensitivity and specificity of 87.5% and 88.9%, respectively. Comparing the thickness of the thickest section of the symptomatic eye of one patient with the same section in the other eye of the same patient, there was a difference of 20% or more in sclero-choroidal complex.

Conclusions:
In this study, the sclero-choroidal complex thickness higher than 1.7 mm has the highest combined sensitivity and specificity. Comparing the thickest section of the symptomatic eye of one patient with the same section in the other eye can be diagnostic.
Bilateral Central Retinal Vein Occlusion and Stevens-Johnson Syndrome Associated with Coronavirus-19
Authors: Hasani Hamidreza , Hakak-Zargar Benyamin , Poor Nami Sahar Mohammad , Khonsari Nami Mohammadian 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:To report a case of bilateral central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) associated with coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) infection.Methods:A 43-year-old man presented to the emergency department with flu-like symptoms, severe erythema, a rash on his face, and respiratory distress. He was admitted to the intensive care unit, and the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction test was positive for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 virus. The routine blood work was unremarkable. The dermatologist noted positive Nikolsky's sign, and the patient was diagnosed with Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS), which affected 18% of his body and was later confirmed by skin biopsy. Later, he reported worsening vision.Results:Ophthalmic examination and fundus fluorescein angiography showed bilateral CRVO. Despite best medical efforts, including treatment with systemic dexamethasone and remdesivir, the patient died on the 6 days of his hospitalization.Conclusion:This was a rare bilateral CRVO and SJS case in a young patient, probably caused by the COVID-19 infection.
Peine de frecuencias ópticas basado en la mezcla de cuatro ondas en una fibra óptica altamente no lineal combinado con modulación electroóptica
Authors: Saquinaula Brito José Luis , Muñoz Salcedo José , Ortiz Mata Jhonny , León Batallas Alberto 
Published: August 2022

En los últimos 20 años los peines de frecuencias ópticas basados en lasers de femtosegundos representaron una revolución en el área de metrología y medidas de precisión, permitiendo medir directamente frecuencias de varias centenas de THz, así, como posibilitando el advenimiento de relojes atomicos ópticos. En este trabajo, estudiamos la generación de peines de frecuencias ópticas con base en moduladores electrópticos y fibras altamente no lineales, con el objetivo de implementar nuevas configuraciones y generar espectros con el mayor ancho de banda y alta coherencia entre las frecuencias generadas, aprovechando componentes comerciales disponibles en las comunicaciones ópticas.
Nosotros implementamos un peine de frecuencias ópticas basado en efectos no lineales a través de una fibra óptica altamente no lineal combinándolo con modulación electroóptica. Los resultados experimentales muestran un peine de frecuencias ópticas con más de 100 nm de ancho de banda centrado en 1550 nm y con 25 GHz de separación entre las frecuencias, usando dos láseres continuos.
Análisis de los sistemas centralizados de seguridad informática a través de la herramienta Alienvault Ossim
Authors: Ferruzola Gómez Enrique Colon , Bermeo Almeida Oscar Xavier , Arévalo Gamboa Lissett Margarita 
Published: August 2022

Se hace un análisis sobre el uso y la efectividad de los sistemas centralizados en la seguridad informática con el objetivo de mostrar que con esta herramienta libre podemos hacer un monitoreo de amenazas, para el efecto se hizo un estudio general de la herramienta informática utilizada para proteger información denominada ALIENVAULT OSSIM, es de código abierto y está enfocada en evaluar las vulnerabilidades de los sistemas de información y detección de intrusos, analizando cada uno de estos eventos para poder ofrecer un informe detallado de todas las operaciones monitoreadas, como funciones de recopilación, normalización y correlación de eventos. Con la finalidad de proteger sus datos y equipos los usuarios utilizan SIEM (Información de seguridad y administración de eventos) en la seguridad de red para proteger los datos accesibles a través de la misma y que puedan ser objeto de modificación, robados o mal usados, como una solución y es implementado para la dirección de gestión de amenazas y respuestas a incidentes. Afortunadamente, hay una manera de hacer uso de la gestión de SIEM, mediante la implementación de AlienVault's OSSIM (Open Source SIEM).
PANDANGAN ULAMA’ TERHADAP PERGAULAN LAKI-LAKI DAN PEREMPUAN SELAMA MASA TUNANGAN (STUDI KASUS DI DESA TUNGGAK CERME KECAMATAN WONOMERTO KABUPATEN PROBOLINGGO)
Authors: Adawiyah Robiatul 
Published: August 2022

Istilah Tunangan bagi seluruh masyarakat Indonesia sudah menjadi tradisi, khususnya bagi masyarakat desa Tunggak Cerme Kecamatan Wonomerto Kabupaten Probolnggo. Tunangan biasa dilakukan sebelu melangsungkan pernikahan. Tunangan selain sebagai tradisi juga berfungsi sebagai mediator bagi kedua pasangan yang hendak melangsungkan pernikahan dan bertujuan untuk bisa saling mengenal lebih jauh pada pasangan masing-masing. Istilah tunangan dalam Islam dikenal dengan istilah khitbah atau peminangan. Seiring berjalannya waktu dan perkembangan zaman tradisi tunangan telah mengalami banyak perubahan, khususnya di Desa Tunggak Creme. Oleh karena itu peneliti merasa tertarik untuk melihat fenomena tersebut secara lebih mendalam. Melihat pergaulan antara laki-laki dan perempuan di saat melangsungkan pertunangan yang dipandang bertengtangan degan hukum Islam. Pergaulan yang terjalin selama masa tunangan mulai berubah menjadi pergaulan yang bebas. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, dengan menggunakan paradigma definisi sosial dan menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologis. Untuk memperoleh data peneliti melakukan beberapa hal seperti observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil temuan menunjukkan bahwa fenomena pergaulan laki-laki dan perempuan di masa tunangan di Desa Tunggak Creme yang cenderung bebas dinyatakan sudah menjadi hal yang biasa. Hal tersebut tidak lepas dari peran orang tua dan ulama setempat. Sudah menjadi tangguang jawab bersama khususnya pada ulama setempat untuk menyampaikan dakwah tentang pola pergaulan kedua pasangan yang sedang menjalin hubungan pertunangan untuk lebih menjaga diri masing-masing agar tidak terjadi hal-hal yang dilarang agama. Bila perlu dapat melagsungkan pernikahan sirri untuk menjaga kesucian masing.masing.
TRANSAKSI PENGGUNAAN UANG ELEKTRONIK MENURUT SYARIAH
Authors: Salsabila Diva 
Published: August 2022

Semakin bertambahnya tahun maka kemajuan teknologi juga semakin berkembang. Mulai banyak kecanggihan pada dunia teknologi yang salah satunya yaitu terkait dengan alat pembayaran. Pada zaman modern terbitlah uang yang digunakan untuk transaksi dalam perdagangan. Yang pada mulanya orang-orang terdahulu menggunakan cara barter, yaitu dengan saling tukar menukar jasa dengan jasa atau jasa dengan barang. Namun dengan seiringnya kepesatan pada tahun ke tahun muncul yang dinamakan uang elektonik ( electronic money/ e money). Di Indonesia uang elektronik ini diterbitkan oleh suatu bank atau bisa lembaga yang menerbitkan e-money tersebut. Uang elektronik yang diterbitkan bank diataranya berupa iSaku, LinkAja, Go-pay, OVO dan flash BCA. Inovasi pada dunia perekonomian yang berkaitan dengan alat tukar menukar atau jual beli ini sangat menguntungkan dan efisien. Uang elektronik sama seperti fungsi uang pada umumnya, yaitu sebagai alat untuk melakukan transaksi.
IMPLEMENTASI WAWASAN EKONOMI SYARI'AH PADA KEGIATAN EKONOMI MAHASISWA
Authors: Luayyin Reza Hilmy , Syahrin Muhammad Alfi , Janan Tuhfatul , Ambarwati Agniz Ruri 
Published: August 2022

Each student has different level of understanding. Most of them have different knowledge, especially in mastering science of sharia economics. Sharia economics is very different, of course, from conventional economics. A lot of them better understand or are more familiar with conventional-based economic terms. Sharia economics or the study of mu'amalah still feels unusual to them. The problems that occur to students STAI Muhammadiyah Probolinggo show that there are differences in attitudes and behavior in implementing sharia economic activities with mastery of sharia economic material in class. This study examines extent of insight and mastery of sharia economics in sharia economics students in each of their economic activities. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method, which is a method that aims to describe the nature of something that is ongoing in time the research conducted and examines the causes of a symptom. The data collection technique obtained by the author is through observation and interview techniques. This research data obtained from the first semester of Islamic economics students. The results showed that students had a high enthusiasm and curiosity in learning and mastering economics, eager to try something new, especially in the field of Islamic economics, most of them wanted to carry out more Islamic economic activities, although some still use Islamic economics, conventional, wants to be more active and learn deeper about sharia economic norms, values, and principles has good economic insight because they understand that conventional banks considered to have a threat of usury in them even though they are still selected, have insight and knowledge about Sharia economics and able to apply it in their daily activities, They still not mastered Islamic economics related to more technical matters, such as analyzing business risk and business management. Meanwhile, the students' implementation of sharia economic insight that carried out by students is going well, it can be seen from the variety of sharia-based business, inviting the closest family to do business of sharia-based and starting to carry out activities in sharia banking. Students are also able to show the implementation of basic insights and understanding of high sharia economics because they are able to refrain from spending wealth just for pleasure but the orientation is for their own benefit.
EKSPLORASI ETNOMATEMATIKA PADA MASJID AGUNG KOTA PROBOLINGGO
Authors: Rofiq Abdur , Damayanti Ratna , Janan Tuhfatul , Sitaresmi Pratiwi Dwi Warih , Nuryami Nuryami 
Published: August 2022

Pembelajaran matematika berbasis budaya (Etnomatematika) menjadi salah satu metode belajar matematika melalui budaya kearifan lokal di masyarakat. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan objek-objek geometri matematika yang ada pada bangunan Masjid Agung Kota Probolinggo yang merupakan salah satu masjid terbesar di Kota Probolinggo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan etnografi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara metode observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan arsitektur yang dimiliki masjid Agung Kota Probolinggo memiliki etnomatematika yang berkaitan dengan konsep geometri matematika meliputi segitiga, segienam, persegi, persegi panjang, lingkaran, balok dan tabung.
ANALISIS AKAD SALAM DAN IJON MENURUT HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH
Authors: Arifin Mohammad , Luayyin Reza Hilmy , Syahrin Muhammad Alfi 
Published: August 2022

Manusia tidak terlepas dari pergaulan yang mengatur hubungan manusia dalam segala kebutuhannya atau yang biasa disebut dengan muamalah. Kegiatan yang melibatkan manusia dengan manusia atau dengan yang lain yang bersifat duniawi disebut juga sebagai kegiatan muammalah, mempelajari al-mu'amalah adalah suatu kewajiban bagi setiap manusia.Kegiatan bermuammalah ummat manusia didunia ini telah diatur oleh islam, begitupun dengan transaksi jual beli yang dilakukan oleh semua orang demi mencukupi kebutuhannya sehari-hari. Untuk memberikan kedamaian, kesejahteraan dan keamanaan bagi setiap ummat manusia dalam melakukan transaksi jual beli, Islam memberikan koridor atau hukum ekonomi syariah untuk mengatur kegiatan tersebut.Jual Beli Salam adalah salah satu solusi untuk melakukan transaksi jual beli yang tujuannya dibayar diawal dan barang yang dibeli diserahkan pada lain waktu dengan ketentuan yang telah disepakati sebelumnya. Dalam akad salam ini telah juga diatur syarat syarat dan rukun sah nya akad salam, dari metode pembayaran, jenis barang atau obyek, spesifikasi harus dijelaskan rinci, kualitas dan kuantitas juga perlu disampaikan tanpa adanya hal yang samar. Keywords : Salam, Ijon, sharia economic law
KONSEP MAHAR DALAM KOMPILASI HUKUM ISLAM RELEVANSINYA DENGAN AL QUR’AN DAN AS SUNNAH
Authors: Ainul Yaqin Muhammad , Tirmidzi Tirmidzi 
Published: August 2022

The dowry is of the virtue of Islam in protecting and honoring women by sharing the rights they ask for in a marriage in the form of a dowry, the size which is formalized with the agreement of both parties, the research procedure uses normative, sourced from the syari'ah district, this research focuses on the process Research in the city of Probolinggo literature, judging from the results of this study dowry in KHI and al-qur'an as well as the Sunnah at this time is suitable, from scholars such as the Malik Imam and Shafiiyyah agree that there is no optimal in offering dowries and there are also comments in it
TUJUAN ATURAN POLIGAMI DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG NO. 1 TAHUN 1974 TENTANG PERKAWINAN
Authors: Khiyaroh Khiyaroh 
Published: August 2022

Abstrak Kajian ini membahas tentang aturan poligami di dalam atran Undang-Undang No.1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan. Fokus kajian dalam tulisan yaitu tentang alasan, tujuan dan tingkat ketercapain aturan poligami setelah disahkan dan diberlakukan di Indonesia. Poligami menjadi isu yang selalu diperdebatan dari masa ke-masa. Poligami di Indonesia sudah dilakukan sejak sebelum Indonesia merdeka. Hal ini disebabkan tidak adanya aturan secara tegas yang mengatur tentang perkawinan di Indonesia. Poligami yang dilakukan secara sewenang-wenang menjadikan hak-hak perempuan menjadi terdiskriminasi dan menjadikan anak-anak dan isteri terlantar. Tulisan ini merupakan tulisan hukum normatif dengan pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan historis untuk mengetahui nilai-nilai sejarah yang menjadi latar belakang terbentuknya aturan Undang-Undang perkawinan. Sehingga dengan mengetahui latar belakang atau alasan dibuatnya aturan tentang poligami diharapkan dapat meminimalisir kasus-kasus yang terjadi dalam keluarga dan salah satunya yaitu poligami. Tulisan ini menggunakan teori perlindungan hukum dengan tujuan dapat menjawab rumusan masalah berupa tujuan dari adanya aturan poligami. Dengan adanya aturan tentang poligami dalam Undang-Undang perkawinan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan status wanita dengan melindungi hak-hak isteri dalam keluarga. Selain itu untuk mempertegas aturan poligami sehingga poligami tidak dilaksanakan secara sewenang-wenang. Kata Kunci : Aturan, Poligami, Tujuan. AbstracThis study discusses the rules of polygamy in the rules of Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage. The focus of the study in writing is about the reasons, objectives and the level of achievement of the rules of polygamy after being passed and enforced in Indonesia. Polygamy is an issue that has always been debated from time to time. Polygamy in Indonesia has been carried out since before Indonesia's independence. This is due to the absence of explicit rules governing marriage in Indonesia. Polygamy which is carried out arbitrarily makes women's rights discriminated and leaves children and wives neglected. This paper is a normative legal writing with the approach used, namely the historical approach to find out the historical values that are the background of the formation of the marriage law rules. So that by knowing the background or reasons for making rules about polygamy is expected to minimize the cases that occur in the family and one of them is polygamy. This paper uses the theory of legal protection with the aim of answering the formulation of the problem in the form of the objective of the existence of polygamy rules. With the existence of regulations on polygamy in the Marriage Law it is expected to improve the status of women by protecting the rights of wives in the family. In addition to emphasizing the rules of polygamy so that polygamy is not carried out arbitrarily. Keywords: Rules Polygamy, Purpose,