bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility, Indications and Prognostic Significance of Selective Dissection after Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy in Middle/Low Rectal Cancer with Clinical Suspected Lateral Pelvic Lymph Node Involvement: Results of the Multicenter Lateral Node Study in China
Authors: Zhou Sicheng , Zhang Hong , Liang Jianwei , Fu Wei , Lou Zheng , Feng Bo , Yang Chiying , Xie Zhongshi , Liu Qian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: It is believed that selective lateral lymph node (LPN) dissection (LPND) with total mesorectal excision after preoperative chemoradiotherapy can reduce lateral compartment recurrence and improve survival in rectal cancer patients with LPN metastases. We evaluated the feasibility, optimal indications, and prognosis of LPND after preoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer.Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective study which included patients with rectal cancer and clinical evidence of LPN metastases (n = 466) treated across three hospitals in China. The patients who underwent the combined procedure were categorized into chemoradiotherapy (n = 155) and non-chemoradiotherapy (n = 291) groups.Results: Preoperative chemoradiotherapy significantly prolonged surgical duration (300.7 vs. 277.4 min, P <0.001). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, a post-chemoradiotherapy LPN short-axis diameter ≥7 mm and poor/mucinous/signet adenocarcinoma were independent risk factors for pathological LPN metastasis after chemoradiotherapy. Overall survival (P <0.001) and disease-free survival (P <0.001) were significantly worse in patients with LPN, which was however not an independent risk factor for survival after eliminating confounders. Multivariate prognostic analysis conducted in a subset of 40 patients with pathological LPN metastasis showed that distant metastasis, metastasis beyond the obturator or internal iliac region, and more than one LPN metastasis were independent predictor of poor overall survival.Conclusions: Chemoradiotherapy with the combined procedure is safe and feasible with acceptable morbidity. A post-chemoradiotherapy short-axis LPN diameter ≥7 mm and poor/mucinous/signet adenocarcinoma can predict pathological LPN metastasis after chemoradiotherapy. However, LPND should be carefully considered in patients with distant metastases, metastases beyond the obturator or internal iliac region, and multiple LPN involvement.
Colour Discrimination Functions of the Humming Bird Hawkmoth (Macroglosum Stellatarum) Modelled From Behavioural Choices
Authors: Garcia Jair E. , Dyer Adrian G. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The hummingbird hawkmoth (Macroglossum stellatarum) is a diurnal, visually oriented insect that has become an important animal model for comparative studies. Hawkmoths use colour information to find and identify profitable flowers, and they are major pollinators in various regions of the world. Recent research on other flower visiting animals including bees, hoverflies and birds shows that their respective colour choices for target-distractor stimuli of varying similarity can be reliably modelled using sigmoidal-type continuous functions, as postulated by von Helversen 50 years ago. We formally test if colour choices by M. stellatarum can also be reliably explained by these sigmoidal functions that are important for modelling plant-pollinator interactions in other animals. We fit multiple formulations of sigmoidal functions selecting those which best fit the observed data. We show that colour vision in hawkmoths varies across various regions of colour space. Our results are consistent with theories that colour choices are principally mediated by higher level neural processes in the animal brain, since it is at this level physiological signal modulation varies with stimulus modulation in a probabilistic fashion. These functions thus enable important insights into how to model how animals interact with colour stimuli like flowers in complex environments.
Knockdown of PYCR1 inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion in oesophageal squamous cell cancer by limiting its interaction with EGFR
Authors: Meng Yuqi , Li Zheng , Li Bin , Li Xuan , Song Tieniu , Feng Haiming , Lin Junping 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: The expression and functions of pyrroline‐5‐carboxylate reductase 1 (PYCR1) in oesophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) are obscure. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of PYCR1 in ESCC.Methods: Immunohistochemistry with a human oesophageal cancer tissue microarray was used to assessPYCR1 levels in ESCC tissues and RT-qPCR was used to measure PYCR1 in ESCC cell lines. PYCR1 was knocked down in ESCC cells by lentivirus transduction. Cell viability was measured by MTT assays, proliferation by the multiplication of green fluorescent protein-labelled cells, and migration and invasion of cells using wound-healing and Transwell assays, respectively, with and without extracellular matrix. Caspase 7/3 assays were used to assess apoptosis. In vivo functions of PYCR1 were investigated in xenograft mouse models and potential protein interactors were identified by mass spectrometry, bioinformatics, and coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP), and the results were verified by rescue experiments.Results: PYCR1 was strongly expressed in both ESCC cells and tissues and downregulation was confirmed after its knockdown. Knockdown led to reduced cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion, together with increased apoptosis. Knockdown also inhibited the growth of xenograft tumours. PYCR1 was found to coimmunoprecipitate with EGFR and rescue experiments showed that EGRF overexpression counteracted the effects of PYCR1 knockdown.Conclusions: Upregulation of PYCR1 was observed in ESCC tissues and PYCR1 knockdown reduced tumour growth by preventing the PYCR1-EGFR interaction. This suggests that PYCR1 has oncogenic functions and may be a potential target for ESCC treatment.
Mineral and trace elements in nutritious flours: total contents, in vitro bioaccessibility and its contribution to dietary intake
Authors: Souza Thaís L. , Souza Laís A. , Barbosa Isa S. , Santos Daniele Cristina M. B. , Araújo Rennan Geovanny O. , Korn Maria Graças A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The consumption of fruits, vegetables and cereals in the form of flour has been an alternative for the intake of nutrients, currently seen in society that seeks a healthier diet. Thus, the assessment of total content and bioaccessibility is important to better understand the actual intake of nutrients or contaminants present in foods. The aim of this study was to determine the total content and estimate the bioaccessible fraction of Cu, Fe, and Zn in nutritious flours by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) after microwave acid digestion. Bioaccessibility was assessed using in vitro method that takes into account the entire gastrointestinal tract (Unified Bioaccessibility Method (UBM)). The following concentration ranges, in μg g-1, were found: Ca (341 - 6275), K (2984 - 13953), P (476 - 6110), Na (<0.39 - 2995), Fe (1.4 - 167), Cu (<0.01 - 59.6) and Zn (<0.07 - 30.3). Application of principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) showed a tendency to form three groups. The bioaccessible fractions for Cu, Fe and Zn were considered low, ranging from 0.96 to 40% in the gastrointestinal phase and from 4.1 to 100 % in the gastric phase.
EEG Microstates in Major Depressive Disorder: Evidence Against Trait Markers of Illness
Authors: Bissonnette Jenna N. , Francis Ashley M. , Hull Krista M. , Leckey Jennifer , Pimer Laura , Berrigan Lindsay I. , Fisher Derek J. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Dysconnectivity between cortical networks is a core feature of major depressive disorder (MDD). Electroencephalography (EEG) derived microstates are a cost effective and time sensitive method of examining the dynamics of large-scale brain networks. Previous studies examining the four traditional microstate classes of A, B, C, and D in MDD have used mixed diagnostic samples and have displayed varied results. More recently, there have been reports of altered microstate parameters in studies where five microstate classes best fit the data. To continue the examination of this phenomenon, the current study examined five microstate classes in individuals with MDD compared to healthy controls. Although a five-microstate model best fit our data, we failed to replicate any alterations in the duration, occurrence, contribution, or transitional probabilities of any microstate class in MDD. However, the number of observed transitions varied significantly from what would be expected between microstates A, B, and E in the MDD group, suggesting abnormal connectivity between regions responsible for generating these states. There was also a significant relationship found between anxiety symptoms and the occurrence of microstate class E in our MDD sample. Potential explanations for our findings, such as illness severity and the presence of comorbid anxiety symptoms are discussed. The results provide skepticism for the utilization of microstate alterations as an independent biomarker for MDD. Future research is needed to clarify the observed relationship between anxiety symptoms and microstate class E.
TreeSp2Vec: a method for developing tree species embeddings using deep neural networks
Authors: González-Rodríguez Miguel A. , Diéguez-Aranda Ulises , Ping Zhou 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
1. In recent years, Representation Learning (RL), a subdiscipline of artificial intelligence, has proved a valuable resource in many research fields for mapping abstract categories into numeric scales as a means to boost varied quantitative modeling tasks. Despite the up-and-coming advantages that RL could imply for managing categorical data in ecological modeling, applications in ecology are still lacking. In this study, we proposed a new method for applying RL to forest ecology, labeled TreeSp2Vec, for developing tree species numeric representations (embeddings).2. Our approach entailed a supervised species classification of individual trees using as input a set of phytocentric (morphometrics and composition) and geocentric (climate, soil, and physiography) variables derived from National Forest Inventory data and environmental cartography. Species classification was carried out using deep neural networks with several fully connected layers, an intermediate embedding layer of up to 32 dimensions, and an output layer with softmax activations.3. Among the tested neural network architectures, a multi-layer perceptron with two hidden layers of 1024 units and an embedding layer of 16 units provided the best apparent and test classification performances (Matthew’s Correlation Coefficient = 0.89). Additionally, the developed latent representations (W), or embeddings, were evaluated intrinsically by estimating their correlations with supplementary species descriptors that were not included in the training dataset. The evaluation analysis revealed some significant associations that proved the generality of the embedding model. For instance, some latent dimensions (e.g., W6 and W16) helped differentiate species general features, such as conifers vs. broad-leaved species, while other dimensions (e.g., W2 and W5) were related to forest ecosystem characteristics such as competition intensity (relative spacing index) and biodiversity (Simpson index).4. We concluded that the developed embeddings provided accurate and generalizable numeric representations of the considered tree species, which can be used as a ground for further cutting-edge forest ecology modeling approaches. Moreover, our approach is easily extendable to other ecological research areas, opening a new range of artificial intelligence applications in ecology.
Weight Reduction in Aluminum Metal Matrix Composite by Adding Copper Slag as A Reinforcement
Authors: G Rakesh 
Published: June 2022

The aim of this paper is to fabricate aluminum metal matrix composite which should have less weight than aluminum and better mechanical property. Copper slag (waste from copper extraction) is taken as a reinforcement and the metal matrix composite of aluminum 95% and copper slag 5% was fabricated using the stir casting method. The particle distribution is verified by an optical microscope. Mechanical properties of the composite were calculated by conducting the tensile test, impact test, and hardness test, and the calculated values are compared with the theoretical value and aluminum. The chemical composition of the copper slag is tested and checked with literature values. The tensile strength, hardness, and impact strength of the composite is increased when compared with base metal aluminum but the weight of the composite is less.
Stem Cells and Congenital Heart Disease: The Future Potential Clinical
Therapy Beyond Current Treatment
Authors: Julian Katherine , Garg Nikita , Hibino Narutoshi , Jain Rohit 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital anomaly in newborns.
Current treatment for cyanotic CHD largely relies on the surgical intervention; however, significant
morbidity and mortality for patients with CHD remain. Recent research to explore new avenues
of treating CHD includes the utility of stem cells within the field. Stem cells have since been
used to both model and potentially treat CHD. Most clinical applications to date have focused on
hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Here, we examine the current role of stem cells in CHD and discuss
future applications within the field.
Cutaneous Hypersensitivity Reaction After Phenytoin Therapy in a Neonate:
A Case Report and Review of Literature Elucidating the Potential
Pharmacological Plausibility and Preventive Strategies
Authors: Rajendran Praveenkumar , Prabath Indumathi , Rani Jamuna 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction is a potentially life-threatening
condition reported among patients of different age groups. Phenytoin is a prototypic drug
prescribed for the treatment of a variety of seizure disorders. Allergic reaction to phenytoin therapy
in a newborn is relatively a rare clinical manifestation that is not frequently reported.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to report a suspected case of hypersensitivity reaction in a
newborn possibly due to phenytoin and the strategies to prevent these immune-mediated reactions.

Case Report:
An early term newborn on the 4th day of life developed erythematous rashes over the
abdominal region following phenytoin treatment for recurrent generalized tonic-clonic seizures.
Prenatal history was uneventful except for the mother had preeclampsia during the third trimester
of pregnancy. The suspected phenytoin was replaced with phenobarbitone to control seizure
episodes. Subsequently, the rashes disappeared. The baby had also suffered from skin
discolouration after phototherapy. Radiological investigations and cerebrospinal fluid culture were
performed to detect the etiology of seizures.

Conclusion:
Hypersensitivity reaction to phenytoin in newborns is a rare clinical entity but may
lead to serious lethal complications. Thus, stringent clinical monitoring of patients on phenytoin
therapy is mandatory, especially in the pediatric population.
Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients with Renal Failure: Saviour or Succourer
Authors: Varghese Benoy , Rajagopalan Arul , Arunachalam Jegan , Prasath Arun , Durai Rakesh 
Published: June 2022

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in critically ill patients with renal failure, with many requiring renal replacement therapies. Unfortunately, many of them are too critically ill to tolerate intermittent hemodialysis. In the setting of limited resources, we did bedside acute intermittent peritoneal dialysis for critically ill COVID-19 patients with hemodynamic instability with or without ventilator support admitted to our intensive care unit.

Objective:
The aim of the study was to determine the outcome of intermittent peritoneal dialysis in critically ill COVID-19 patients.

Methods:
Our retrospective observational study included 91 patients with critically ill SARS-CoV2 infection and renal failure admitted to the intensive care unit of our hospital from July 2020 to September 2021, who underwent acute intermittent peritoneal dialysis.

Results:
The demographic, laboratory, and treatment parameters were compared between survivors and non-survivors. Variables, like increased mean age (49.88 vs. 59.07 years), presence of diabetes mellitus (36.4% vs. 63.8%), increased lung involvement (57.3% vs. 75.0%), mechanical ventilation (15.2% vs. 70.7%), systolic (84.3 vs. 77.5 mm of Hg) and diastolic (59.09 vs. 42.93 mm of Hg) blood pressures, were associated with poor outcomes. The use of hypertonic PD (63.6% vs. 37.9%), better urea reduction ratios (44.33 vs. 39.84), and increased PD cycles (66.52 vs. 44.26) were associated with a better outcome. Complications, like haemorrhage and peritonitis, occurred in 10.9%.

Conclusion:
PD is a cost-effective bedside RRT that can be considered an effective option in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Good urea clearance, hemodynamic stability, and minimal resource requirements are also the features that favour peritoneal dialysis.
Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the COVID-19-Impact on Quality of Life Scale
Authors: Ökten Çiğdem , Gezgin Yazıcı Havva 
Published: June 2022

The objective of this study was to adapt the COVID-19-Impact on Quality of Life (COV19-QoL) scale for Turkish individuals and to determine its validity and reliability.
Materials and Methods. This methodological study was conducted between December 25, 2020 and January 10, 2021. The research was conducted online and included 485 participants who completed a socio-demographic questionnaire, the COV19-QoL scale and the Duke Health Profile (DUKE) on Google Forms. Back translation was used for the Turkish version of the COV19-QoL scale. Language and content validity of the scale were found to be acceptable.
Results. Ten experts were consulted regarding content validity of the scale. The results, item content validity of 0.95 and scale content validity of 0.95, indicated excellent content validity. Explanatory factor analysis found one principal structure with a total variance of 59.449%. The Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency coefficient was 0.86 for the scale. A statistically significant moderate negative correlation was found between the participants’ COV19-QoL scale score and their general health score on the DUKE (r = − 0.384; p < 0.01).
Conclusions. This study found that the Turkish version of the COV19-QoL scale is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Turkish population’s quality of life.
Sharing intelligence culture
Authors: Cline Lawrence 
Published: June 2022

United States (U.S.) civilian and military intelligence services increasingly have engaged with local intelligence services, either in an advisory role or direct coordination or liaison. In many cases, the intelligence officers have tended to try to remake the local intelligence services in the image of U.S. intelligence structures and procedures, with these efforts rather futile in most cases. One factor that has led to considerable frustration and potential failure has been a lack of understanding of the culture of local intelligence systems. Understanding both the subtleties of an area’s social norms and mores, and the bureaucratic and historical cultures of other intelligence services remain critical factors in long-term success. Using case studies of environments in which established intelligence services have worked with emergent intelligence agencies, this paper examines the requirements for incorporating both larger cultural approaches and detailed knowledge of other intelligence bureaucracies.
Comforting the Information and Economic Environment of the Enterprise within the Framework of the Strategic Management Paradigm
Authors: Veretyokhin A. V. 
Published: June 2022

Relevance. To be successful, enterprises need a comfortable information and economic environment. The importance of state regulatory policy increases to achieve a favorable business climate. This is due to the limited resources of some Russian businesses and COVID-19 impact.The purpose is within the framework of the paradigm of strategic management, consider the activities to create favorable information and economic conditions for enterprises.Objectives: analyze information and economic systems to support enterprises as a management result to ensure a comfortable business environment.Methodology. The author uses methods: posteriori analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, classification and data visualization.Results. In the context of digital transformation, the relationship and mutual influence of favorability and informativeness are clearly manifested in the enterprise environment. The strategic management of economically developed countries confirms the possibility of simultaneous implementation of the state development strategic goals: "comfortable business environment" and "informatized society". This experience should be taken into account in regional management when setting goals, developing and implementing appropriate comfort measures. In this study, the author examines the enterprise comfort environment within the strategic management paradigm framework on the example of the Republic of Crimea. Two separate systems of enterprise support exist in the Republic of Crimea. The available regional information resources are not convenient enough.Conclusion. The goals of operational management on the comfort of the business environment and the digitalization of the economy are fundamentally interconnected at the regional level. Their achievement is a single process.
Efecto de la progesterona plasmática en la competencia para el desarrollo embrionario in vitro de vacas Bos taurus taurus y Bos taurus indicus
Authors: Narváez Bedoya Héctor Javier , Da Silva Fontes Reginaldo , Campos de Carvalho Bruno , Varella Serapião Raquel , Oliveira Clara Slade , Dos Reis Camargo Agostinho Jorge 
Published: June 2022

Diversos estudios han comprobado que la progesterona tiene un efecto directo en la calidad ovocitaria y el desarrollo inicial embrionario. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la concentración de la progesterona (P4) plasmática en el desarrollo de embriones in vitro en vacas de raza Bos taurus taurus (Holstein) y Bos taurus indicus (Gyr). Se utilizaron vacas Holstein y Gyr multíparas, presincronizadas con la aplicación de dos dosis de D-cloprostenol con intervalo de once días. Posteriormente, se distribuyeron en uno de tres grupos experimentales inducidos a diferentes niveles plasmáticos de progesterona. El grupo control fue sincronizado utilizando únicamente D-cloprostenol sin progesterona exógena, el grupo progesterona baja recibió un implante auricular de norgestomet de segundo uso y al grupo progesterona alta se le aplicaron dos implantes auriculares de norgestomet nuevos. Los resultados evidencian que la concentración plasmática de progesterona fue significativamente diferente (P < 0,05) tanto para las vacas Holstein (0,22 ± 0,15, 2,23 ± 0,17 y 5,32 ± 0,22 ng/mL) como para las vacas Gyr (0,24 ± 0,19, 2,05 ± 0,17, 4,85 ± 0,20 ng/mL) entre los grupos control, progesterona baja y progesterona alta, respectivamente. Las vacas Gyr presentaron diferencia (P < 0,05) en la tasa de clivaje del grupo progesterona baja en relación con los grupos control y progesterona alta (87,9 % ± 0,11 vs 77,5 % ± 0,13 y 76,4 % ± 0,10, respectivamente) y en la variable tasa de blastocistos del grupo progesterona baja (48,3 % ± 0,16) en relación con el grupo control (35,8 % ± 0,10) y el grupo progesterona alta (30,4 % ± 0,20). Se concluye que la progesterona tuvo efecto sobre el desarrollo embrionario en vagas de raza Gyr, el cual no se evidenció en las vacas de raza Holstein.