bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenges and Possibilities of Anti-Oppressive Social Work Practice in Prison With Women
Authors: Patricia O’Brien , Willison Judith S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter begins by identifying the gendered and racialized differences in historical efforts to reform and control women and the dominant push to punish deviant women linked to their sexuality and resistance to patriarchal institutions, accelerating their incarceration. It describes women’s pathways to criminalization and incarceration, including experiences of trauma and co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders. The chapter then details conditions in women’s prisons and the need to recognize women’s needs in custody and on release. It offers promising approaches at the individual, group, institutional, and policy levels to mitigate women’s harm during incarceration and provides examples of support for women’s restoration and recovery.
Knowledge Building for Revisioning Accountability and Restoration
Authors: Patricia O’Brien , Willison Judith S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter centers on what knowledge is needed for how to transform the criminal legal system, where that knowledge should come from, and how anti-oppressive social workers can work toward building knowledge in anti-oppressive ways. This chapter outlines anti-oppressive research methods that include measures of success determined by communities that reflect strengths-based factors such as resilience, the mechanisms of desistance from crime, and community healing. It provides examples of transformative research methods to understand and work collaboratively with incarcerated and formerly incarcerated and convicted scholars toward restoration and accountability. Anti-oppressive and participatory action research methods aimed at changing policies and creating new public safety structures are discussed.
She
Authors: Jahan Rashid 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
At the centre of Rashid Jahan's story "She" is the idea of disgust, and the discordance between belief and affect. In the story, the narrator, a young, presumably modern school teacher encounters 'She', a prostitute who is everyone's definition of ugly. While she is universally despised by everyone, the narrator, out of her humane beliefs, tries to express sympathy. Yet, even she couldn't completely overcome her disgust that stood at odds with her beliefs. She thus becomes not only a mirror to the ugliness of society as a whole, but also those who believe themselves to be better. The story reminds us that our own emotions often belie the grand ideas that we hold dear, and that believing in one's ideals is often not the same as feeling them. Translated from Urdu by Amit Julka
Spartan Hearts
Authors: Ahmad K 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Mrs. K. Ahmad's short story "Spartan Hearts" was first published in Saogat, an early twentieth-century Bengali women’s journal. In this fascinating story, she tells about the bravery and courage of the women of Sparta (ancient Greece). The references to the trans-Islamic framework of the story debunk myths about the knowledge, education, and understanding of the early Muslim women authors who, more often, are stereotyped as merely complaining of domesticity and patriarchy in Muslim societies. In “Spartan Hearts,” Ahmed describes how the women of Sparta had sturdy, adamantine hearts. When their husbands and their sons went out to war, they bade farewell to their men with these words: “You must come back victorious, or you must die fighting.” She also narrates how in the Battle of Leuctra, fought in 371 BC, the Greeks defeated the Spartans. When the news of the defeat reached the court of Sparta, the ephors conveyed the message to the families of the deceased. However, the women did not mourn the deaths of their men. The narrative ends with a question that she posits to the readers of the story.
Green Tree Stumps
Authors: Rafiq Sami 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Sami Rafiq’s “Green Tree Stumps” is set against the traditional Asian Muslim mindset in which a woman has little to say or decide as far as her life or future are concerned. Pegah, the heroine of the story has a psychic connection with the world of nature specifically the trees. The perils that nature faces in the anthropocene are quite similar to what women face in patriarchy. Both Pegah and the trees are victims of mercenary propaganda symbolised by numbers and figures and in a male-ordered world, their worth is defined by those numbers. The mango trees that are ruthlessly cut down for money are a part of her psychological make up and together they attempt to oppose the tyranny and oppression of the antropocene. Every crisis in Pegah’s life is reflected in the trees that are like a mirror of her consciousness. The outcome of the story is an interpretation of reality in terms of Pegah’s vision which is neither the anthropocene nor governed by patriarchy.
Loving, Dying
Authors: Zia Ather 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
He raised his arm, and threw something at her. She ducked. It fell into the corner without a sound. Moving swiftly, she picked the soft sweaty ball of paper, crushed around a piece of clay. She opened it, trembling. It said—“Be laghey tche balai” “I will die for you.” … She tried to write back. Nothing seemed adequate. In the end, she repeated his dear words—“Be tih lagai tche balai” (I will also die for you).
A Lady and Her Husband
Authors: Hasan Seemin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A prediction in a game of clairvoyance during her school days takes root in Rukhsar’s mind. Reason dictates that it has no scientific basis and no future implications are likely. However, Rukhsar harbours thoughts about the power of the unknown and unexplored and the prophesy returns to trouble her again and again throughout her growing years. Rukhsar grows into a well brought up young lady with academic brilliance to her credit. After her marriage to a London-based doctor, she visits his old, historical estate in Lucknow before departing to London. Her interactions with Chuttan Baba and Tareequn Bua transport her into a world of superstition, secrets and fearful beliefs, eclipsing the visible modernity of the estate. Rukhsar’s own, dormant anxiety, regarding the prophecy resurface to torment her once more. The challenge before her is to find a solution to the situation without upsetting either the old or the new order which coexist on the estate.
There Once Was A Mouse
Authors: Amar Shaikh Malika 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Though the mouse was little, it caused a lot of mischief in Raju’s house. Despite all the grumbling and complaining, the people in the house gradually got used to the mouse’s presence. Raju’s father began to leave grains of rice and scraps of fish from his plate near the mouse hole. One day, the mouse found a piece of ribbon and he quickly dragged it into his house. Until now he had never ventured beyond this house, had never felt the need to, but suddenly he felt he should take the ribbon and explore the world. His desire to get out of the house leads him to into trouble. Malika Amar Shaikh’s interesting story, "There Once Was a Mouse" demonstrates the complexity of relationships between humans and animals. It is also a story of love and desire.
Jagran Prakashan Limited: An Aspirational Awakening
Authors: Dahiya Surbhi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Literally speaking, Dainik Jagran personifies the awakening sun that adorns its masthead. With an ambition to reach out to the masses during the freedom movement and address citizen concerns, Jagran Prakashan began with a vision similar to what many of the aforementioned publications also foresaw: ‘to create a newspaper that would reflect the free voice of the people’. Spanning a history of seventy-five years, the group has remained consistent in their determination to meld into every changing atmosphere brought about by the dynamic markets in India. The brainchild of Puran Chandra Singh, Dainik Jagran was conceived in Jhansi, gradually moving to Kanpur and finding its true foundations, whereafter it launched in several state and regional markets. The editorial intent of the newspaper before India won independence largely consisted of peaceful demonstrations of nationalism against the Raj, reflected through the publication of songs, poetry, stories, and words by leading freedom fighters like Sarojini Naidu. At the same time, Jagran Prakashan continually equipped itself with the latest technologies and expansion strategies to score over its contemporaries.
DB Corp Limited: Capturing Language Loyalties
Authors: Dahiya Surbhi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
With a vision to strengthen the threads of a newly independent India’s cultural variety, Dainik Bhaskar was launched in the year 1958 in Bhopal. It sought to break the monotony of the expansive stronghold of English newspapers in the country, by beginning the publication of a Hindi daily. As anticipated, readers, especially from those sections that weren’t fluent in the colonial tongue, welcomed this phenomenon with open arms. With their reader-centric policy of Kendra Mein Pathak that prioritized the audience, Dainik Bhaskar became the nucleus in the media world around which the multitude of Indian vernaculars began thriving. After testing waters on its home turf, Bhaskar moved out of its home base and spread its wings across states like Punjab, Rajasthan, Bihar, Maharashtra, and Gujarat, catering to the local public in their respective languages. The group’s main agenda of product development and expansion rested on the publication of new editions, each one unique to the place it hailed from. With the approaching age of digital mediums at the turn of the millennial, the organization made its foray onto the World Wide Web with their website. In a milestone achievement, it also created a location-specific website, which became highly popular with the audiences. Simultaneously, the organization furthered its quality and quantity output, by acquiring the latest print technology machines. The light that guided the organization was its strategic intent, which primarily focused on consumer-centric policies along with visions of achieving the number one position in every place it left a footprint in. This method of a forward-looking outlook was unique to Dainik Bhaskar, and all the effort invested in making the company grow was given its due, with the corporation rising to unimaginable heights today.
The Changing Media Landscape: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow
Authors: Dahiya Surbhi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The concluding chapter lays out a recap in its entirety, reviewing the Indian media industry's glorious past, prosperous present, changing media landscape and optimistic outlook for the future Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow. It talks about all the media development during Pre-independence, Post - independence, Post Liberaliation, Post- millennium and Post- Digitisation. Further it talks about the future vision of kick starting a new upsurge of growth in the media industry and how owing to technological disruptions, fresh opportunities are being created for the competing players within the sector. India is steadily heading towards a multitude of opportunities with the hope that the sector's key functionaries will innovate, restructure, and transform their mass relevance to capture newer markets and demographics, with strategies that stem from sustainable business models and management perspectives. The future role of the media industry as a harbinger of content, business and product innovation rests upon the pursuance of this vision.
The Uncertain Legal Mandate of Prison Health Care
Authors: Schnittker Jason , Massoglia Michael , Uggen Christopher 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPrisons are obligated to provide care to those in their custody. But the legal mandate behind medical treatment in prison is uncertain and far from an affirmative right to comprehensive care. It also creates challenges for those tasked with providing medical treatment to people in prison, sometimes setting the interests of the prison against those of the patient. This chapter lays out the legal foundations behind prison health care and discusses how it has evolved over time. The right to care was established in Estelle v. Gamble, but the parameters of the decision are increasingly out of step with the needs of people in prison, and prisons continue to struggle with the ambiguity of providing care in a setting of punishment.
The Effects of Incarceration on Health after Release
Authors: Schnittker Jason , Massoglia Michael , Uggen Christopher 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlthough people in prison receive treatment while they are incarcerated, the consequences of incarceration for health are very different once people are released. This chapter evaluates the long-term consequences of incarceration. There are many challenges to reintegration, and the stress of the process of reintegration can lead to long-term health problems. In addition, people released from prison face considerable stigma stemming from their criminal record. Coping with this stigma is challenging, and because of the significance of a prison record, it is very difficult to avoid altogether. Poor physical and mental health is both a long-term consequence of incarceration and an impediment to successful reintegration, and it is made possible by the environment people encounter after release.
The Effects of Incarceration on Communities
Authors: Schnittker Jason , Massoglia Michael , Uggen Christopher 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe consequences of incarceration for health stretch well beyond the health of people in prison. People released from prison return to communities, families, partners, and children, and the health of others may be jeopardized as well. Even the stigma of incarceration can spread to people close to those released from prison. This chapter discusses the social spillovers of incarceration to the health of communities, tracing the social and psychological processes that make them possible. These spillovers are also made possible by the legal environment surrounding prison health care. The COVID-19 pandemic has brought some of these issues into even sharper relief.
Battling in the Bronx
Authors: Johnson Imani Kai 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Opening with “Superheroes Among Us,” which recounts a community cypher in the Bronx, chapter 2 recognizes the imprint of New York City and specifically the South Bronx on breaking. Aspects of Hip Hop’s quintessential qualities that are captured in the warrior aesthetics of breaking are also wrapped up in life and living in New York City during the 1970s. The chapter deploys two key terms, “social choreography” and “outlaw culture,” to capture that imprint on breaking’s battling culture specifically, and how it gets lived by practitioners and shaped by their corporealities. Battling principles, as introduced by Trac2, are elaborated on in oral histories from Aby, Cartoon, Baby Love, and Kwikstep. I draw attention to the possibilities enabled by an outlaw sensibility, which I argue developed in the margins of society and intersect with Africanist aesthetics. Those sensibilities helped early practitioners navigate the cypher and everyday life in the Bronx.
Computing Machinery and Sexual Difference
Authors: Kind Amy 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn “Computing Machinery and Intelligence,” Alan Turing proposed that we can determine whether a machine thinks by considering whether it can win at a simple imitation game, one in which a machine tries to fool a neutral questioner into thinking that it is a human. Though this imitation game, now known as the Turing test, has been much discussed by philosophers of mind, what has not been much discussed are the sexed presuppositions underlying the test. Forgotten in the philosophical discussion is the fact that Turing’s imitation game is modeled on an imitation game involving two contestants of different sexes, one in which a man tries to fool a neutral questioner into thinking that he is a woman. This chapter explores the implications of this setup and outlines three different ways in which the discussion of machine intelligence has been led astray by treating the imitation of intelligence as something akin to the imitation of sex.
The Question of Personal Identity
Authors: James Susan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHow is the hierarchical and gendered opposition between mind and body at work in philosophical discussions of personal identity within the analytic tradition? This chapter focuses on the prominent tendency to center the question of what constitutes survival of a self from t1 to t2. It shows that imaginary examples of character transplant are designed to demonstrate that survival is a matter of psychological continuity, that is, continuity of psychological states like desires, intentions, beliefs, and memory, even when transplanted in another body. On these accounts, bodily continuity seems irrelevant for personhood or its survival. Drawing from feminist research on memories of bodily trauma, this chapter points out that in such cases psychological continuity can be shattered. Further, psychological continuity of personhood, especially in the case of trauma, appears to be socially constructed since a trauma victim’s sense of self can be restored only through a recognition of others.
Sexual Ideology and Phenomenological Description
Authors: Butler Judith 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter argues that Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenological philosophy is an invaluable resource for feminism since it enables us to affirm the bodily nature of purportedly mental phenomena without turning to naturalism, a philosophical position that in practice is plagued with normative presumptions that are both harmful and mistaken. Following Merleau-Ponty, the chapter notes that naturalistic accounts of sexual difference and sexual desire partake in an obvious category mistake: they attempt to explain first-person experiential phenomena purely with reference to third-person scientific studies of the objective body. However, even Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenological description is not immune to the naturalistic tendency to inadvertently entrench cultural ideas in scientific or philosophical explanations of intentionality. That he can only conceive of “normal” or nonpathological sexual desire in terms of a male subject who is necessarily aroused by a female object is indicative of the pitfalls of his method.
Norms and Neuroscience
Authors: Jacobson Anne J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCognitive neuroscience can offer us new explanations of episodes human behavior that, unlike many explanations traditionally available, do not draw on questionable past theories arising from cultures and traditions that are in fact patriarchal. At the same time, feminists have had a number of reasons for regarding it suspiciously as, among other things, reductive and dehumanizing. In this chapter, new work on borderline personality disorder provides an illustrative example of the first. It is also used in an extended argument against the second. Cognitive neuroscience is interested principally in explaining how creatures function well in their niches. It is replete with covert references to values and interests. The chapter draws an important distinction between cases in which culture creates new conditions for old functions to be realized and those where it creates new functions.
Against Physicalism
Authors: Scheman Naomi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis chapter argues that one of the main reasons for the prominence of physicalism in the philosophy of mind is an unquestioning faith in individualism, which is the notion that mental events, states, and processes conceived as particulars in abstraction from social context constitute the foundation of any psychological explanation. Given this faith, the reasonableness of the physicalist project—where the mental is taken to supervene on the locally physical—seems irresistible. By contrast, this chapter brings to the fore the irreducibly social nature of our mental lives by acknowledging the role of social practices and their patterns of salience in shaping not only the meaning but even the identity of our beliefs, desires, and emotions. The chapter ultimately argues that physicalism is committed to an impossible metaphysics, since thinking of beliefs, desires, and emotions as real physical particulars evacuates their meaning and their very identity, which are partially crafted by social context.
Sexual Orientations
Authors: Díaz-León E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Talk about sexual orientations is widespread in our society and our culture, but very few analytic philosophers have paid attention to questions about the nature of sexual orientations, such as what sexual orientations are and what “sexual orientation” means. This chapter examines the main theories that are available in the recent and growing literature on this issue, including behaviorism, ideal and ordinary versions of dispositionalism, structuralism, and views according to which sexual orientations are mental states such as sexual desires. It discusses several objections to these views, and develops and defends a new version of the view that characterizes sexual orientations in terms of sexual desires.
Equanimity and the Loving Eye
Authors: McRae Emily 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe subject of this chapter is loving attention, a way of paying attention to others that is motivated by care, respect, and kindness. This way of attending, integral to Mahayana Buddhist philosophy of mind and ethics, is also central to many influential feminist conceptions of moral perception. Drawing on both traditions, the chapter offers an account of loving attention and considers two challenges to that account: the accuracy problem and the cultivation problem. In response to the latter problem—how it is possible to develop loving attention and what that development might entail—the chapter argues that the Buddhist moral psychological and epistemological skills of equanimity and mindfulness help construct a more compelling account of the cultivation of loving attention. These skills, especially equanimity, are necessary components for understanding how one could change from an unloving, arrogant perceiver to someone who can lovingly attend to others.
“A Romping Girl”
Authors: Evans Christopher H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter describes the early life of Frances Willard through the age of seventeen. Emerging from a family steeped in the evangelical currents of the early-nineteenth-century Second Great Awakening, Willard largely grew up in the frontier regions of the Northwest Territory, encompassing the future states of Ohio and Wisconsin. In addition to exploring the impact of her largely rural upbringing, the chapter examines the relationships Willard formed with her parents, Josiah Willard and Mary Hill Willard, and her siblings, Oliver and Mary. It also highlights the intellectual influences that shaped her childhood and adolescence, including the religious perfectionism of Charles Finney, as well as the Transcendentalism of Ralph Waldo Emerson. These influences shaped Willard’s desire to get an education, as well as underscored her early commitments to issues of women’s equality.