bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three-Dimensional Large Eddy Simulations and Proper Orthogonal Decomposition Analysis of Flow Around a Flexibly Supported Circular Cylinder
Authors: Janocha Marek Jan , Fabricius Lukas Philip , Yin Guang , Ong Muk Chen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulations of the flow around a cylinder undergoing vortex-induced vibration (VIV) at Re = 3900 (defined as Re = U∞D/ν, where U∞ is the inlet flow velocity, D is the diameter of the cylinder, and ν is the fluid kinematic viscosity) are performed using large eddy simulations (LES). Detailed mesh and time-step convergence studies are carried out for the flow past a stationary cylinder to obtain the optimal mesh and time-step. The validation studies are performed by comparing the present results with the previous published experimental data and numerical results to confirm feasibility of the present numerical model for predicting the wake characteristics. The numerical model is then applied to investigate the flow around a self-excited cylinder vibrating in the cross-flow direction at three different reduced velocities. The effects of the reduced velocity are analyzed based on the cross-flow vibration amplitudes, the power spectral densities of lift and drag coefficients, and the wake flow coherent structures. Different vortex shedding modes are identified and categorized using the iso-surfaces of the pressure coefficient and the Q-criterion. The dominant 3D wake flow features are extracted and discussed by carrying out the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) for flow velocities on multiple two-dimensional (2D) sampling planes in the wake region. The modes on the XY planes display a traveling-wave behavior and the modes on the XZ planes show cells of streamwise vortices, which display the three-dimensionality of the wake flow.
Discussion: “LiDAR Measurements of Wind Shear Exponents and Turbulence Intensity Offshore the Northeast United States” (Viselli, A., Faessler, N., and Filippelli, M., 2022, ASME J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng., 144(4), p. 042001)
Authors: Myrhaug Dag 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The work by Viselli et al. (Viselli, A., Faessler, N., and Filippelli, M., 2022, “LiDAR Measurements of Wind Shear Exponents and Turbulence Intensity Offshore the Northeast United States,” ASME J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng., 144(4), p. 042001) presents results on wind shear exponents and turbulence intensity obtained from the analysis of field data collected offshore the Northeast United States. This discussion is focused on the wind shear exponent that is obtained by combining the logarithmic mean wind speed profile and the power law mean wind speed profile, containing the sea surface roughness as a parameter. Here, the sea surface roughness is specified using three formulae given in terms of significant wave height and spectral wave steepness. The discussion points out how the sea surface roughness can be included in future applications of the authors' analysis method.
Application of Multi Parameter Path Length Method for Resilience (MP-PLMR) to Engineering Systems
Authors: Prasad Mahendra , Gopika V. , Andrews John 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Multi-parameter-path length method for resilience (MP-PLMR) has been proposed to determine the resilience of system multiparameter considerations. It was applied to two engineering situations: (i) Passive catalytic device for hydrogen management in nuclear power plant (NPP) and (ii) Engineered systems for hydrogen mitigation in NPP. The method involves normalizations of the system parameters, the time domain and correlation coefficient across the parameters. The path length for the transient was defined using all the parameters and their correlations. The resilience value in the two case studies depended on the number of parameters considered and correlations. System resilience without the consideration of correlation was also estimated. The difference between the correlated and uncorrelated resilience was significant. While there is no established metric against which the calculated values could be compared, these values can be used to define system effectiveness in conjunction with reliability of systems.
Patient safety culture and its determinants among healthcare professionals at a cluster hospital in Malaysia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ismail Aniza , Khalid Siti Norhani Mazrah 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo assess the baseline level and mean score of every domain of patient safety culture among healthcare professionals at a cluster hospital and identify the determinants associated with patient safety culture.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted at a cluster hospital comprising one state and two district hospitals in Malaysia. The safety culture was assessed using the Safety Attitude Questionnaire (SAQ), which is a validated questionnaire. Using proportionate stratified random sampling, 1814 respondents were recruited, and we used the independent t-test, Pearson’s χ2 test and multiple logistic regression analysis for data assessment.ResultsOnly 23.9% of the respondents had positive patient safety culture levels (SAQ score ≥75%); the overall mean score was 67.82±10.53. The job satisfaction dimension had the highest percentage of positive responses (67.0%), with a mean score of 76.54±17.77. The factors associated with positive patient safety culture were age (OR 1.03, p<0.001), gender (OR 1.67, p=0.001), education level (OR 2.51, p<0.001), work station (OR 2.02, p<0.001), participation in patient safety training (OR 1.64, p=0.007), good perception of the incident reporting system (OR 1.71, p=0.038) and a non-blaming (OR 1.36, p=0.013) and instructive (OR 3.31, p=0.007) incident reporting system.ConclusionsHealthcare professionals at the cluster hospital showed unsatisfactory patient safety culture levels. Most of the respondents appreciated their jobs, despite experiencing dissatisfaction with their working conditions. The priority for changes should involve systematic interventions to focus on patient safety training, address the blame culture, improve communication, exchange information about errors and improve working conditions.
Cardiotoxicity of adjuvant chemotherapy with trastuzumab: a Japanese claim-based data analysis
Authors: Ohtsu Hiroshi , Shimomura Akihiko , Miyazaki Sakiko , Yonemoto Naohiro , Ueda Shinichiro , Shimizu Chikako , Sase Kazuhiro 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveAdjuvant chemotherapy with trastuzumab improves the postoperative life expectancy of women with early-stage breast cancer. Although trastuzumab is reportedly cardiotoxic, quantification based on real-world evidence is lacking. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to analyse trastuzumab cardiotoxicity using a nationwide claim-based database.MethodsIn this retrospective study, we used data from a nationwide claims database (Japan Medical Data Center, Tokyo, Japan) under the universal healthcare system. Women with breast cancer who underwent initial surgery were included. Patients with recurrent or advanced-stage breast cancer, with a history of heart failure, receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy or a preoperative history of less than 6 months were excluded. Propensity score (PS) was calculated using logistic regression based on age, cardiovascular risk factors, radiotherapy and concomitant anthracyclines (AC).ResultsWe identified 12 060 eligible patients (mean age 50.8±8.56 years) between January 2010 and December 2019. After 1:2 PS matching (trastuzumab users, TZ, n=1005; non-users, NT, n=2010), Cox proportional hazards model analysis showed that the rate of heart failure development within 18 months postoperative was significantly higher in the TZ group than in the NT group (adjusted HR 2.28, 95% CI 1.38 to 3.77). Baseline cardiac evaluation in the combined AC/TZ cases was 27.2% preoperative, 66.0% pre-AC and 86.6% pre-TZ, respectively.ConclusionTrastuzumab cardiotoxicity remained relevant in the claim-based analysis adjusted for AC effects. Further collaborative studies in cardio-oncology with real-world data are warranted to improve the rate of baseline cardiovascular risk assessment in patients with cancer scheduled for cardiotoxic cancer treatment.
Analysis of risk factors of mortality in rheumatoid arthritis patients with interstitial lung disease: a nationwide, population-based cohort study in Taiwan
Authors: Ng Kooi-Heng , Chen Der-Yuan , Lin Ching-Heng , Chao Wen-Cheng , Chen Hsin-Hua 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo examine the risk and risk factors of mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with interstitial lung disease (ILD).MethodsUsing the 1997–2013 Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database, we identified 32 289 incident patients with RA by using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes from 2001 to 2013, and 214 patients developed ILD subsequently. We matched (1:10) RA-ILD with controls for sex, age, time of ILD diagnosis and disease duration. In addition, we conducted propensity score matching (PSM) (1:1) for selected comorbidities to choose RA-ILD patients and controls. Using the Cox proportional hazard model, we estimated the association of mortality with ILD for the two matched populations and assessed factors associated with mortality among 214 RA-ILD patients, shown as adjusted HRs (aHRs) with 95% CIs.ResultsIn the populations selected before and after PSM, we included 164 and 155 patients with RA-ILD and 1640 and 155 controls, respectively. ILD was associated with mortality in the population before PSM (aHR, 1.73; 95% CI 1.19 to 2.52) and in the PSM population (HR 4.38; 95% CI 2.03 to 9.43). Among 214 patients with RA-ILD, age (aHR 1.04; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.08), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (aHR 2.12; 95% CI 1.25 to 3.58), diabetes mellitus (DM) with end-organ damage and corticosteroid dose (prednisolone equivalent, mg/day) (aHR 1.09; 95% CI 1.07 to 1.11) were associated with mortality in RA-ILD.ConclusionThis population-based cohort study showed that ILD was associated with risk of mortality in patients with RA, and risk factors associated with mortality in patients with RA-ILD included age, COPD, DM with end-organ damage and average daily prednisolone dose.
Annual gatherings as an integrated knowledge translation strategy to support local and traditional food systems within and across Indigenous community contexts: a qualitative study
Authors: Valaitis Renata F. , McEachern Louise W. , Harris Sandra , Dick Tania , Yovanovich Joanne , Yessis Jennifer , Zupko Barbara , Corbett Kitty K. , Hanning Rhona M. 
Published: August 2022

Integrated knowledge translation (IKT) and community-based participatory research (CBPR) are recognized as effective approaches when Indigenous and non-Indigenous partners work together to focus on a common goal. The “Learning Circles: Local Healthy Food to School” (LC:LHF2S) study supported the development and implementation of Learning Circles (LC) in 4 Canadian Indigenous communities with the goal of improving local, community-based healthy food systems. Critical to the research process were annual gatherings (AG) where diverse stakeholders (researchers, Indigenous community members, and partners) visited each community to share knowledge, experiences, and provide support in the research process. Using a qualitative, descriptive method, this paper explores how the AG supported IKT across partners. Yearly interviews involving 19 total participants (with some participating multiple times across the 4 gatherings) elicited their AG experiences in supporting local LC:LHF2S. Three themes with multiple sub-themes were identified: (a) setting the stage for IKT (importance of in-person gatherings for building relationships across partners, learning from each other), (b) enabling meaningful engagement (aligning research with Indigenous values, addressing tensions and building trust over time, ensuring flexibility, and Indigenous involvement and leadership), and (c) supporting food system action at the local level (building local community engagement and understanding, and integrating support for implementation and scale-up of LC). This paper provides useful and practical examples of the principles of Indigenous-engaged IKT and CBPR in action in healthy, local, and traditional food initiatives. AG are a valuable IKT strategy to contribute to positive, transformative change and ethical research practice within Indigenous communities.
The impact of land conversion from boreal forest to agriculture on soil health indicators
Authors: Benalcazar P. , Diochon A.C. , Kolka R. , Schindelbeck R.R. , Sahota T. , McLaren B.E. 
Published: August 2022

Climate change is creating opportunities for agricultural expansion northward into the boreal forest. Converting forested land to agricultural land generally results in significant losses of organic matter (OM), which can impact soil health (SH). The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of land conversion on indicators of SH and to use the Comprehensive Assessment for Soil Health (CASH) framework to integrate measures of these indicators into a score to evaluate land conversion effects. Total carbon and nitrogen were also measured in this study. Soils (0–5 and 5–15 cm) were collected from six dairy farms near Thunder Bay, ON, that included a mature forest, a field converted from forest to agriculture <10 years ago and a field converted from forest to agriculture >50 years ago. Land conversion resulted in significant declines in permanganate oxidizable carbon, wet aggregate stability, soil respiration, and concentrations of OM, autoclave citrate extractable protein, total nitrogen, and total carbon. Lower CASH scores in the soils converted to agriculture are interpreted to represent a decline in SH but the scores, along with soil organic matter (SOM) concentrations, remain high (CASH = 80; OM = 6%). There was no effect of time since conversion, suggesting that any degradation to SH happens quickly and is closely tied to declines in SOM.
Mass-balance threshold matching of geoelectric and seismic data: a case study from Ketzin
Authors: Weinzierl Wolfgang , Ganzer Merlin , Rippe Dennis , Lüth Stefan , Schmidt-Hattenberger Cornelia 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Seismic and geoelectric methods are used as complementary tools for the identification of fluid/gas effects in underground storage and production scenarios. Both methods present a different resolution. Seismic data tend to be acquired by much more dense geometrical layouts, and geoelectric acquisition as a potential field method shows information integrated over spatial distances. We present results matching seismic and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) results from two repeat surveys performed during CO
2
storage operations at the Ketzin pilot site in Germany. The approach is based on data acquired in 2009 and 2012 at different stages of total injected CO
2
volume. Masses are obtained from the averaged change in acoustic impedance and are compared to masses inferred from inverted electrical resistivities. Archie's equation is used to obtain saturations from the ERT models. The sensitivity of the background resistivity,
R
0
, as a relevant parameter in determining the mass of injected CO
2
is analysed. A specific threshold analysis based on seismic thickness by bin has been applied to investigate the matching of seismically and ERT obtained masses. Both mass estimates match comparatively well, but show inherent sensitive parameters and their corresponding impact as temporal and spatial uncertainties that may cause mass differences for the areas of investigation.
Subsurface flow batteries: concept, benefits and hurdles
Authors: Waltham D. , Holt K. B. , Kuenzel S. , Basu A. , Lecoeur N. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Storage of flow-battery electrolytes in aquifers is a novel concept for storing electrical energy in the subsurface. Flow batteries operate by electrochemical transformations of electrolytes, rather than of electrodes, and their energy capacity can therefore be increased indefinitely by using larger electrolyte tanks. Saline aquifers may be the cheapest way to provide large-scale storage for this purpose. Storage would be within high-porosity, high-permeability reservoirs sealed by impermeable layers but – in contrast to hydrocarbon, H
2
or CO
2
storage – electrolytes would be trapped in lows (rather than highs) of such formations as a consequence of their high density compared to natural brines.

We investigate a range of electrochemical, geochemical, microbiological and engineering hurdles that must be overcome if subsurface flow batteries are to become a practical technology. No insurmountable problems were found but further laboratory studies are needed. Our economic assessment suggests that subsurface flow batteries should be more cost effective than hydrogen-based power-to-gas approaches for discharge/charge timescales of around 1 day but that hydrogen will be cheaper for longer-term storage. Hence, meeting future energy-storage needs may involve a combination of both approaches.
The Association between Physical Exercise during Pregnancy and Maternal and Neonatal Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Wang Yangling , Wu Liangjiao , Wu Xiaomei , Zhou Changna 
Published: August 2022

Objective. To explore the effect of exercise during pregnancy on the maternal and neonatal health outcomes. Methods. Eligible papers were systematically retrieved from PubMed, Embase, OVID, and ScienceDirect. Two researchers independently extracted the primary endpoints from the included literature. Random-effect model or fixed-effect model were utilized to generate and compute relative risk and mean difference, as appropriate. Publication bias was quantified and assessed using the funnel plot with Egger’s test. Results. This study included 13 literatures with a total of 3047 pregnant women with gestational weeks more than 10 weeks. The incidence of vaginal delivery was significantly higher in the intervention group than that in the control group (28.7% vs 23.3%,

P
<
0.001

). The differences of duration of the first stage and second stage of labor between the interventional group and control group were both statistically insignificant (mean difference: 27.92, 95% CI: − 70.60, 14.7,

P
=
0.20

; mean difference: 0.63, 95% CI: − 4.47, 5.74,

P
=
0.81

). In addition, there were no significant differences with regard to gestational age at delivery (

mean

difference
=
−
0.23

, 95% CI: − 1.29, 0.83,

P
=
0.67

), Apgar score (

mean

difference
=
0.06

, 95% CI: − 0.13, 0.26,

P
=
0.53

), and birth weight (

mean

difference
=
−
23.78

, 95% CI: − 60.66, 13.11,

P
=
0.21

) between the 2 groups. Women in the intervention group were more likely to experience vaginal delivery than the control group (

RR
=
1.27

, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.55,

P
=
0.01

). Conclusions. Physical exercise during pregnancy could improve the incidence of natural labor.
Reframing the Public Humanities: The Tensions, Challenges & Potentials of
a More Expansive Endeavor
Authors: Berkowitz Carin , Gibson Matthew 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This essay assesses the so-called crisis in the humanities from the vantage point of the state humanities councils, looking at the richness and increasing diversity of public humanities work happening outside the academy. The essay posits that the humanities are flourishing in a variety of public spaces, where voices outside the academy are more effectively questioning what it means to commemorate the past and build in community and meaning through that process. But even with such work thriving, the humanities face challenges. Some of those challenges are related to definitional and communications issues in and between both the academic and public sectors. Other challenges are related to access and allocation of resources. While this essay does not pretend to have “answers “ to these perennial issues, it suggests that both the academy and the public might benefit from and create more lasting and relevant impact from bridge-building that marries the expertise and knowledge from both communities.
Opening the Humanities to New Fields & New Voices
Authors: Sánchez George J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This essay explores efforts to enact effective “public humanities” among humanities practitioners as the “public” in the United States is changing profoundly. In particular, it explores the creation of the Boyle Heights Museum in East Los Angeles as an attempt to bridge the gap in historical practice and outreach between an immigrant and Latino community with a team of faculty, doctoral, and undergraduate students from the University of Southern California. Building four historical exhibitions in the Boyle Heights community, this team is a reflection of the growing awareness of the need to establish new institutional practices in archiving and historical presentations that reach new immigrant communities. New PhD students are in search of approaches to historical training, publishing, and output that engage with these new publics. Our own survival in the humanities fields is increasingly dependent on reaching these publics and creating this diversity of the humanities.
Creating Knowledge with the Public: Disrupting the Expert/Audience
Hierarchy
Authors: Meringolo Denise D. , Boot Lee , Johnson Denise Griffin , O'Neill Maureen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This essay provides both a philosophy and a case study to define, analyze, and explore community-centered public history practice. In its ideal form, community-centered public history practice strives for equity and inclusion. It is service-oriented. It is often future-focused. On the ground, in real time, community-centered public history practice requires constant recalibration, humility, and active collaboration that can be challenging for academically trained scholars to fully embrace. The coauthors share their experiences and impressions in order to highlight both the difficulty and the value of this work.
The Case for Bringing Experiential Learning into the
Humanities
Authors: Balleisen Edward J. , Chin Rita 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Drawing on innovative programs at the University of Michigan and Duke University, this essay explores an important trend in humanistic education: the provision of opportunities for experiential learning, whether for undergraduates or graduate students. Avenues for applied humanistic research, such as research-based internships and courses structured around collaborative, client-inflected research projects, provide numerous benefits. In addition to cultivating teamwork, leadership, and communications skills, such experiences build intellectual confidence, expand horizons, and foster motivation to pursue additional research challenges. Although humanistic experiments with experiential learning now abound across higher education, pedagogical conservatism among faculty has slowed the pace of change, with pilots often occurring outside the frameworks of standard curricular structures. We call on departments in the humanities and interpretive social sciences to embrace the promise of engaged, public-facing scholarly endeavor, and to make collaborative research a core feature of curricular expectations for students at all levels.