bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-reported versus physician-reported severity of hand eczema - Concordance analysis based on data from the German CARPE registry
Authors: Bentz Philipp , Apfelbacher Christian , Akst Wilhelm , Molin Sonja , Bauer Andrea , Elsner Peter , Mahler Vera , von Kiedrowski Ralph , Schmitt Jochen , Weisshaar Elke 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background and Objective: Self-assessment of general health status includes a variety of verifiable objective and subjective criteria and shows a significant influence on patient-related outcomes such as quality of life. The objective of this study was to investigate how patients assess the severity of their chronic hand eczema compared to physicians.Patients and method: Data for 1281 patients and their physicians from the German registry “CARPE” was available at baseline. At a 2-year follow-up, the remaining 788 cases served as a comparison. Concordance analysis was performed using Bangdiwala's B.Results:Only 16.62% (baseline) and 11.47% (follow-up) of the severity ratings showed complete concordance. The baseline shows a more pessimistic, the follow-up a more optimistic assessment from the patients compared to the physicians. Women and older patients had lower agreement. Bangdiwala's B value lies at the lower border of a substantial agreement ( B̂ω(baseline)=0.573, B̂ω(follow-up)=0.498).Conclusion:The assessment of the severity of hand eczema often differs between physician and patient. To ensure successful therapy and adherence, dermatologists should inquire about their patients' individual perception of the severity of the hand eczema, especially in older patients and women.
Calcium carbonate alleviates calcium deficiency through changes in the gut microbiota and metabolites
Authors: Liu Tianshu , Yu Hai , Wang Shuai , Li Huimin , He Xiaodong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The use of non-drug intervention for calcium deficiency has attracted attention in recent years. Although calcium carbonate is the preferred raw material for calcium supplements, the mechanism of its anti-calcium deficiency effect from the perspective of intestinal flora and metabolomics is rarely reported. In this study, we compare the abundance of intestinal flora and the expression levels of fecal and plasma metabolites in control rats fed with basic diet, low calcium fed rats, and calcium carbonate treated rats. The results revealed that compared with low-calcium rat, calcium content and bone mineral density of the midpoint and distal femur of rats in the oral calcium carbonate group were significantly improved. 16S rRNA sequencing and metabonomics analysis showed that calcium carbonate intervention altered the composition of intestinal microbiota and metabolic profiles in feces and plasma of low-calcium fed rats. Further, correlation analysis showed that selected intestinal flora were significantly correlated with metabolites enriched in feces and plasma. In conclusion, calcium carbonate intervention has the potential to reduce calcium deficiency and related symptoms, while affecting intestinal microbiota composition and metabolic characteristics in low-calcium rats. This study highlights scientific evidence for the potential effect of calcium carbonate as a calcium supplement on calcium deficiency.
The Impact of Evaluations Made by Mini-CEX on the Clinical Competency of Nursing Students
Authors: Motefakker Sanaz , Farahani Azam Shirinabadi , Nourian Manijeh , Nasiri Maliheh ,   Fateme Heydari	Fatemehy74@gmail.com Heydari
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Clinical competency is defined as one’s capabilities in terms of knowledge, attitude and practice, and is a necessity for nursing practice. Evaluation is the inseparable part of the education process, without which the quality of education could not be measured. Considering the characteristics of clinical education and its impact on the clinical competency of students, as well as the importance of making precise evaluations of them using scientific, modern and efficient approaches, this study aims to investigate the impact of the evaluation made using mini-CEX on the clinical competency of the nursing students of the School of Nursing and Midwifery Shahid Behesti University.
Methods
This is a quasi-experimental study with a control group conducted on students who were taking courses in nursing care for sick children. The students were classified into the intervention and control groups using complete enumeration. The evaluations were made using mini-CEX in the intervention group and the portfolio approach in the control group. The skills regarding mother and child training, serum therapy and pharmacotherapy were evaluated by checklists. The data was analyzed by SPSS 19 software using descriptive and analytical statistics including Chi-square test, Fisher's exact accuracy test, paired t-test, independent t-test and ANCOVA.
Findings:
The results of the independent t-test and ANCOVA showed that the mean score of clinical competency in the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Considering the improvement of clinical competency in the intervention group, it is recommended to use mini-CEX for the evaluation of students.
Definitive airway management during ongoing chest compressions – direct vs. video laryngoscopy for establishment of a safe airway during resuscitation (DAMOCLES-I) A randomized manikin study
Authors: Steffen Richard , Hischier Simon , Roten Fredy-Michel , Huber Markus , Knapp Jürgen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
During cardiac arrest, management of the patient’s airway by tracheal intubation is the gold standard. However, minimizing interruptions to chest compressions is of high priority. Video laryngoscopy has been shown to improve the first-pass success rate for with tracheal intubation in emergency airway management. We aimed to compare first-pass success rate and time to successful intubation during uninterrupted chest compression using video laryngoscopy and direct laryngoscopy.
Methods
A total of 28 anaesthetists and 28 anaesthesia nurses with varied clinical and anaesthesiological experience were recruited for the study. All participants performed a tracheal intubation on a manikin simulator during ongoing chest compressions by a mechanical resuscitation device. Stratified randomisation (physicians/nurses) was performed, with one group using direct laryngoscopy and the other using video laryngoscopy.
Results
First-pass success rate was 100% (95% CI: 87.9% − 100.0%) in the video laryngoscopy group and 67.8% (95% CI: 49.3% − 82.1%) in the direct laryngoscopy group [difference: 32.2% (95% CI: 17.8% − 50.8%), p < 0.001]. The median time for intubation was 27.5 seconds (IQR: 21.8–31.0 seconds) in the video laryngoscopy group and 30.0 seconds (IQR: 26.5–36.5 seconds) in the direct laryngoscopy group (p = 0.019).
Conclusion
This manikin study demonstrates that tracheal intubation under ongoing chest compressions has a higher first-pass success rate and shorter time to successful intubation with video laryngoscopy compared to direct laryngoscopy. Experience in airway management and professional group were not significant predictors.
Classification of Fruits using Deep Learning Algorithms
Authors: Mirra K. B. , R Rajakumari 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Classification of variety of fruits is an important framework in agriculture field for import and export. Many algorithms were employed for classification of fruits. To remove the noises from the images Gaussian filter is applied during the pre-processing. Bunch of fruits are classified into different classes such as apple, orange and banana. Also their quality is taken into account for preventing health hazards. In this work, the various combinations of fruits are classified into proper variety and after that the quality of the fruit is checked as whether it is defect or non-defect. For the first part, Convolutional Neural Network, AlexNet and MobileNetV2 are employed. MobileNetV2 achieved 100% accuracy for fruit type classification. In the second part, the same kind of fruits are fed into classifier for quality checking. The above said classifiers are used for defect classification also. For defect classification, MobileNetV2 gives 99.89% accuracy for orange and 100% for apple.
Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy in Diabetic Macular Edema: Real-Life Outcomes from a Multicenter Study in Turkey over 36 months
Authors: Durukan Ali Hakan , Unlu Nurten , Onen Mehmet , Alp Mehmet Numan , Yeşiltaş Yağmur Seda , Kalayci Defne , Acar Mehmet Akif , Sekeroglu Mehmet Ali , Citirik Mehmet , Altintas Ayse Gul Kocak , Hazirolan Dicle , Kucukevcilioglu Murat , Ozdal Pinar Cakar , Toklu Yasin , Bicer Tolga , Ugurlu Nagihan , Budakoglu Ozlem , Yazar Zeliha , Zeki Nil İrem Uçgun , Serdar Kurtuluş , Doguizi Sibel , Erol Yasemin Ozdamar , Atilgan Cemile Ucgul , Yorgun Mucella Arikan , Soba Dilek Ozcelik , Berker Nilufer , Baskan Ceyda , Yilmaz Esra Safak 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to report the visual and anatomical outcomes of intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment for diabetic macular edema (DME) in a real-world clinical setting from Turkey over 36 months.Methods: This is a retrospective, multicenter (7 cites) study. The medical records of 1072 eyes (both previously treated and naive eyes) of 706 consecutive patients with visual impairment due to center-involving DME treated with intravitreal anti-VEGF injections between April 2007 and February 2017, were reviewed. The eyes were divided into mutually exclusive three groups based on the duration of follow-up (12, 24, or 36 months). Primary outcome measures were changes in visual acuity (VA) and central macular thickness (CMT) from baseline to final visit in each cohort, frequency of visits, and intravitreal anti-VEGF injections. As secondary endpoints, VA outcomes were assessed in subgroups stratified by baseline VA [<70 ETDRS letters and ≥ 70 ETDRS letters] and loading dose status of anti-VEGF injections.Results: VA increased by a mean of 8.2 letters (12-month cohort, p<0.001), 5.3 letters (24-month cohort, p<0.001), and 4.4 letters (36-month cohort, p=0.017) at final visits. The eyes with <70 VA letters achieved more significant VA improvement at final visits in all cohorts compared with eyes with >70 VA letters (p<0.001). The mean decreases in CMT from baseline to last visits at 12-, 24-, and 36- month cohorts were -100.5, -107.7, and -114.3 µm, respectively (p<0.001). The mean number of injections given were 4.6, 2.3, and 1.8 during years 1 to 3, respectively. Patients who received loading dose showed greater VA gains than those who did not in all follow-up cohorts.Conclusion: Our study revealed that anti-VEGF treatment improved VA and CMT over a follow-up of 36 months. Although these real-life VA outcomes following anti-VEGF therapy for DME were similar to other real-life studies, they were inferior to those noted in randomized controlled trials, mainly due to undertreatment.
Entropic Principal Component Analysis using Cauchy Schwarz divergence
Authors: Nakao Eduardo , Levada Alexandre 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Dimensionality reduction has been explored to address the curse of dimensionality in high dimensional datasets of modern pattern recognition applications. In pattern recognition tasks, it is important to quantify how distinct two data samples are. Unsupervised metric learning serves for this purpose. In dimensionality reduction, a more adequate metric for a given dataset is implicitly learned. Principal Component Analysis is still the most used dimensionality reduction algorithm. Several modifications of this method have already been proposed as other algorithms belonging to the nonlinear class as well. However, all of them somehow rely on the Euclidean norm, which is known to fail in high dimensions and to be sensitive to outliers. So, in this paper, a new entropic approach was proposed, where the neighborhood of a data sample was mapped to an entropic space, where a stochastic divergence replaces the Euclidean. This approach was adopted to compute a new entropic covariance matrix that does not use inner product to estimate correlation between two features. A data sample neighborhood was mapped into an univariate Gaussian distribution and the statistical distance used was the Cauchy-Schwarz divergence. This new matrix was supplied to Principal Component Analysis classic algorithm. We compared the new method with existing linear and nonlinear algorithms. Using several real datasets, the comparison was made under two perspectives: cluster analysis and classification. Using a statistical test, it was possible to conclude that the new approach led to significant better results in both perspectives in comparison to all other algorithms considered.
Nematicidal activity of volatile organic compounds produced by Bacillus altitudinis AMCC 1040 against Meloidogyne incognita
Authors: Zhou Bo , Ye Lin , Wang Jian-Yu , Liu Xiao-Fang , Guan Qi , Dou Nong-Xiao , Li Jian , Zhang Qian , Gao Yan-Ming , Wang Min , Li Jian-She 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The application of nematicidal microorganisms and their virulence factors provides more opportunities to control root-knot nematodes. Bacillus altitudinis AMCC 1040, previously isolated from suppressive soils, showed significant nematicidal activity, and in this study, nematicidal substances produced by Bacillus altitudinis AMCC 1040 were investigated. The results of the basic properties of active substances showed that these compounds have good thermal stability and passage, are resistant to acidic environment and sensitive to alkaline conditions. Further analysis showed that it is a volatile component. Using HS-SPME-GC/MS, the volatile compounds produced by Bacillus altitudinis AMCC 1040 were identified and grouped into four major categories: ethers, alcohols, ketone, and organic acids, comprising a total of eight molecules. Six of them possess nematicidal activities, including 2,3-butanedione, acetic acid, 2-isopropoxy ethylamine, 3-methylbutyric acid, 2-methylbutyric acid and octanoic acid. Our results further our understanding of the effects of Bacillus altitudinis and its nematicidal metabolites on the management of Meloidogyne incognita and may help to find less toxic nematicides for root knot nematodes control.
Supercooling with stepwise algorithm preserves the freshness of salmon and olive flounder during extended storage
Authors: Park Dong Hyeon , Lee SangYoon , Byeon Yeong Mi , Kim Eun Jeong , Choi Mi-Jung 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Supercooling storage reduces the temperature of a product by lowering its freezing point without phase transition and may extend its shelf life. However, it is difficult to maintain the supercooled state of food as it is thermodynamically metastable. A slow cooling rate and minimal fluctuation are essential for achieving stable supercooling storage. Therefore, a stepwise algorithm was adopted for supercooling storage in this study. Salmon and olive flounder were stored at 3°C (refrigeration), -18°C (freezing), and − 2°C (supercooling) for 12 days. Samples were maintained in a supercooled state and unfrozen during the storage period. Samples stored after the supercooling treatment were superior with respect to drip loss and water holding capacity (WHC) compared to frozen samples, regardless of the type of sample. WHC and total volatile basic nitrogen values of olive flounder was higher than those in salmon owing to the higher water and protein content in olive flounder than in salmon. Moreover, the supercooled samples inhibited the increase in trimethylamine and volatile basic nitrogen levels. Microbial growth was slow. Thus, a stepwise algorithm for stable supercooled storage was achieved, which effectively preserved fish quality better than freezing and refrigeration storage.
Multiplexed measurement of binding- and neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 variants in 12.000 post-vaccine sera
Authors: Tran Trung , Vaage Eline , Mehta Adi , Chopra Adity , Kolderup Anette , Anthi Aina , König Marton , Nygard Gro , Lind Andreas , Muller Fredrik , Nissen-Meyer Lise-Sofie , Magnus Per , Trogstad Lill-Iren , Mjaaland Siri , Søraas Arne , Midtvedt Karsten , Åsberg Anders , Barratt-Due Andreas , Medhus Asle , Høivik Marte , Lundin Knut , Karlsen Randi , Dahle Reidun , Danielsson Karin , Thomassen Kristine , Kro Grete , Cox Rebecca , Zhou Fan , Langeland Nina , Aukrust Pal , Holter Jan , Melum Espen , Åvitsland Tone , Wiencke Kristine , Munthe Ludvig , Grodeland Gunnveig , Andersen Jan Terje , Vaage John , Lund-Johansen Fridtjof 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Diagnostic assays currently used to monitor the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines measure levels of antibodies to the receptor-binding domain of ancestral SARS-CoV-2 (RBDwt). However, the predictive value for protection against new variants of concern (VOCs) has not been firmly established. Here, we used bead-based arrays and flow cytometry to measure binding of antibodies to spike proteins and receptor-binding domains (RBDs) from VOCs in 12,000 sera. Effects of sera on RBD-ACE2 interactions were measured as a proxy for neutralizing antibodies. The samples were obtained from healthy individuals or patients on immunosuppressive therapy who had received two to four doses of COVID-19 vaccines and from COVID-19 convalescents. The results show that anti-RBDwt titers correlate with the levels of binding- and neutralizing antibodies against the Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Epsilon and Omicron variants. The benefit of multiplexed analysis lies in the ability to measure a wide range of anti-RBD titers using a single dilution of serum for each assay. The reactivity patterns also yield an internal reference for neutralizing activity and binding antibody units per milliliter (BAU/ml). Results obtained with sera from vaccinated healthy individuals and patients confirmed and extended results from previous studies on time-dependent waning of antibody levels and effects of immunosuppressive agents. We conclude that anti-RBDwt titers correlate with levels of neutralizing antibodies against VOCs and propose that our method may be implemented to enhance the precision and throughput of immunomonitoring.
CRNDE interference inhibits colorectal cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and promotes apoptosis
Authors: Wang Xiao , Wang Li , Wu Quanxin , Cai Keyin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE) interference on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Lovo, HCT-116, COLO 205, HT-29, SW480, and NCM460 cells were screened by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction after transfection with CRNDE-interference vectors or miR-320a mimics. The levels of APPL1, Bax, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase-3 were determined by western blotting. Cell proliferation was evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8. Apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry and cell migration and invasion were assessed using a transwell assay. The relationships between CRNDE and miR-320a levels and between APPL1 and miR-320a levels were determined by luciferase reporter assay. The expression levels of CRNDE and APPL1 were significantly higher in HCT-116 cells than in Lovo, COLO 205, HT-29, SW480, or NCM460 cells (P < 0.05). miR-320a overexpression and CRNDE interference significantly decreased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion (P < 0.05), but significantly increased apoptosis (P < 0.05). miR-320a overexpression or CRNDE interference significantly increased the number of cells in the G0-G1 phase, compared to the control treatment and empty vector transfection, while decreasing the number of cells in the G2-M phase. miR-320a overexpression and CRNDE interference significantly increased the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins (P < 0.05). miR-320a inhibited luciferase activity in HCT-116 cells transfected with the wild-type CRNDE 3′-UTR (P < 0.05) or the APPL1 3′-UTR (P < 0.05). Thus, CRNDE interference inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells and promoted apoptosis. The mechanism was related to the CRNDE/miR-320a/APPL1 axis.
Sex differences in electrophysiological properties and voltage-gated ion channel expression in the paraventricular thalamic nucleus following repeated stress
Authors: Bhatnagar Seema , Corbett Brian F. , Urban Kimberly , Luz Sandra , Arner Jay , Yan Jason 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Habituation to repeated stress refers to a progressive reduction in the stress response following multiple exposures to the same, predictable stressor. We previously demonstrated that the posterior division of the paraventricular thalamic nucleus (pPVT) nucleus regulates habituation to 5 days of repeated restraint stress in male rats. Compared to males, female rats display impaired habituation to 5 days of restraint. To better understand how activity of pPVT neurons is differentially impacted in stressed males and females, we examined the electrophysiological properties of pPVT neurons under baseline conditions or following restraint. We report here that spontaneous excitatory post-synaptic current (sEPSC) amplitude was increased in males, but not females, following restraint. Further, resting membrane potential of pPVT neurons was more depolarized in males. This may be partially due to reduced potassium leakage in restrained males as input resistance was increased in male, but not female, rats 24 hours following 1 or 5 days of 30-minute restraint. Reduced potassium efflux during action potential firing also occurred in males following a single restraint as action potential half-width was increased following a single restraint. Restraint had limited effects on electrophysiological properties in females, although the mRNA for 10 voltage-gated ion channel subunits was altered in the pPVT of female rats. We hypothesize that restraint-induced changes in pPVT activation promote habituation in males. These findings are the first to describe a sexual dimorphism in stress-induced electrophysiological properties and voltage-gated ion channel expression in the pPVT. These results may explain, at least in part, why habituation to 5 days of restraint is disrupted in female rats.
Rapid on fast resolution of multi-grain mixed broken particles combined with optimization algorithm and VIS-hyperspectral imaging technology
Authors: Lei Yu , Hu Xinjun , Zhang Jiahong , Yan Songcai , Xue Qinyuan , Ma Xiaoyan , Tian Jianping , Chen Manjiao , Huang Dan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this study, the optimization algorithm was combined with the visible light hyperspectral imaging technology to distinguish the multi-grain broken grain varieties and determine their mixing ratio. The Otsu method combined with the watershed algorithm was used to extract the ROI spectral reflectance of the sample particles, DBSCAN-MD was used to remove outliers, IVSO-CARS was used to extract the characteristic wavelength, establish four identification models (PNN, GRNN, BPNN, RBFNN) based on full wavelength and characteristic wavelength. Then input three sets of mixed samples from the outside to verify the effect of the BPNN model trained by 7 different kernel functions. The results show that the BPNN model trained with the One Step Secant function has the best effect, and the average recognition accuracy of the three groups of samples is 99%. Therefore, this method can realize the rapid identification and research of multigrain and multigrain, and determine the mixing ratio.