bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abdominal Aorta Anastomotic False Aneurysm Leading to Double Focal Vertebral Body Erosion
Authors: Rossi Umberto G. , Petrocelli Francesco , Cariati Maurizio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAnastomotic aortic false aneurysm with consequent erosion of vertebral bodies is a very rare event that needs prompt treatment. We report the case of a 71-year-old man with an aortobifemoral graft that was complicated by an uninfected proximal anastomotic pseudoaneurysm with double focal vertebral body erosion.
Stress and the Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Frontline Obstetrics and Gynecology Providers
Authors: Bogaert Kelly C. , Lieb Whitney E. , Glazer Kimberly B. , Wang Eileen , Stone Joanne L. , Howell Elizabeth A. 
Published: May 2022

Objective The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic rapidly overwhelmed global health care systems in 2020, with New York City (NYC) marking the first epicenter in the United States. High levels of stress amongst health care workers have been reported in pandemics, but less is known about stress amongst Obstetrics and Gynecology (OB/GYN) providers. We sought to describe levels of stress, anxiety, depression, and other aspects of mental health among OB/GYN health care workers during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Study Design We conducted an anonymous cross-sectional electronic survey of a wide range of OB/GYN clinicians in a large NYC hospital system in the spring of 2020. We used both original survey questions and validated screening tools to assess stress, anxiety, depression, and burnout. We calculated median scores for these tools and compared median score between provider types. We also adapted questions on pandemic-related stressors from the MERS and SARS pandemics to fit the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and OB/GYN providers.
Results A total of 464 providers met study inclusion criteria, and 163 providers completed the survey (response rate = 35.1%). Approximately 35% of providers screened positive for anxiety and 21% for depression. Scores for depression, burnout, and fulfillment varied by provider type, with nurses scoring higher than physicians (p <0.05). The majority of respondents reported stress from pandemic and OB-specific stressors, including the possibility of transmitting COVID-19 to friends and family (83.9%, [95% confidence interval or CI 78.0–89.8%]), uncertainty regarding the pandemic's trajectory (91.3% [86.7–95.8%]), and frequent policy changes on labor and delivery (72.7% [65.1–80.3%]).
Conclusion OB/GYN providers reported high levels of stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. The stress of caring for laboring patients during a pandemic may disproportionately affect nurses and trainees and highlights the need to provide interventions to ameliorate the negative impact of a pandemic on the mental health of our OB/GYN health care workers.
Key Points
The combinatory role of online ratings and reviews in mobile app downloads: an empirical investigation of gaming and productivity apps from their initial app store launch
Authors: Sällberg Henrik , Wang Shujun , Numminen Emil 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMobile app ratings and reviews are important due to their influence on consumer behavior and the financial consequences for app developers and app platform providers. This paper contributes to prior work by analyzing how rating and review information in combination impact mobile app downloads. To achieve these ends, we utilize daily panel data of 341 gaming (hedonic consumption value-oriented) and productivity (utilitarian consumption value-oriented) apps tracked for almost two years from their release in the Apple App Store. Hence, we contribute to how ratings and reviews matter for the larger majority of apps, whereas previous research has mainly focused on either ratings’ or reviews’ impact on app performance for top-ranked apps. Results of fixed-effects regression analysis reveal different combinatory impacts of text review information (polarity, subjectivity, and review length) and rating information (average rating score, volume of ratings, and dispersion of ratings) on gaming versus productivity app downloads. Important implications of the findings for app developers and platform providers, and for future research into online ratings and reviews, are discussed.
Bayesian two-part multilevel model for longitudinal media use data
Authors: Blozis Shelley A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMultilevel models are effective marketing analytic tools that can test for consumer differences in longitudinal data. A two-part multilevel model is a special case of a multilevel model developed for semi-continuous data, such as data that include a combination of zeros and continuous values. For repeated measures of media use data, a two-part multilevel model informs market research about consumer-specific likeliness to use media, level of use across time, and variation in use over time. These models are typically estimated using maximum likelihood. There are, however, tremendous advantages to using a Bayesian framework, including the ease at which the analyst can take into account information learned from previous investigations. This paper develops a Bayesian approach to estimating a two-part multilevel model and illustrates its use by applying the model to daily diary measures of television use in a large US sample.
Exploring the diversity of conceptualizations of nature in East and South-East Asia
Authors: Droz Layna , Chen Hsun-Mei , Chu Hung-Tao , Fajrini Rika , Imbong Jerry , Jannel Romaric , Komatsubara Orika , Lagasca-Hiloma Concordia Marie A. , Meas Chansatya , Nguyen Duy Hung , Sherpa Tshering Ongmu , Tun San , Undrakh Batkhuyag 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article sheds light on the diversity of meanings and connotations that tend to be lost or hidden in translations between different conceptualizations of nature in East and South-East Asia. It reviews the idea of “nature” in Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, Filipino, Tagalog, Cebuano, Lumad, Indonesian, Burmese, Nepali, Khmer, and Mongolian. It shows that the conceptual subtleties in the conceptualization of nature often hide wider and deeper cosmological mismatches. It concludes by suggesting that these diverse voices need to be represented in global reports on sustainability, which can be fostered by the direct involvement of experts from diverse traditions of thought who have access and interpretative knowledge of sources in languages other than English. To take into consideration the diversity of conceptualizations of nature can lead to better decisions about sustainability and improve the acceptability and efficiency of environmental policies in each local context, as well as internationally. Solutions and policies on the ground must be designed based on the local conceptual and cultural frames.
Generation of sub-100 fs electron pulses for time-resolved electron diffraction using a direct synchronization method
Authors: Takubo Kou , Banu Samiran , Jin Sichen , Kaneko Misaki , Yajima Wataru , Kuwahara Makoto , Hayashi Yasuhiko , Ishikawa Tadahiko , Okimoto Yoichi , Hada Masaki , Koshihara Shinya 
Published: May 2022

To investigate photoinduced phenomena in various materials and molecules, ultrashort pulsed x-ray and electron sources with high brightness and high repetition rates are required. The x-ray and electron’s typical and de Broglie wavelengths are shorter than lattice constants of materials and molecules. Therefore, photoinduced structural dynamics on the femtosecond to picosecond timescales can be directly observed in a diffraction manner by using these pulses. This research created a tabletop ultrashort pulsed electron diffraction setup that used a femtosecond laser and electron pulse compression cavity that was directly synchronized to the microwave master oscillator (∼3 GHz). A compressed electron pulse with a 1 kHz repetition rate contained 228 000 electrons. The electron pulse duration was estimated to be less than 100 fs at the sample position by using photoinduced immediate lattice changes in an ultrathin silicon film (50 nm). The newly developed time-resolved electron diffraction setup has a pulse duration that is comparable to femtosecond laser pulse widths (35–100 fs). The pulse duration, in particular, fits within the timescale of photoinduced phenomena in quantum materials. Our developed ultrafast time-resolved electron diffraction setup with a sub-100 fs temporal resolution would be a powerful tool in material science with a combination of optical pump–probe, time-resolved photoemission spectroscopic, and pulsed x-ray measurements.
Mask wearing in community settings reduces SARS-CoV-2 transmission
Authors: Leech Gavin , Rogers-Smith Charlie , Monrad Joshua Teperowski , Sandbrink Jonas B. , Snodin Benedict , Zinkov Robert , Rader Benjamin , Brownstein John S. , Gal Yarin , Bhatt Samir , Sharma Mrinank , Mindermann Sören , Brauner Jan M. , Aitchison Laurence 
Published: May 2022

Significance
We resolve conflicting results regarding mask wearing against COVID-19. Most previous work focused on mask mandates; we study the effect of mask wearing directly. We find that population mask wearing notably reduced SARS-CoV-2 transmission (mean mask-wearing levels corresponding to a 19% decrease in R). We use the largest wearing survey (n = 20 million) and obtain our estimates from regions across six continents. We account for nonpharmaceutical interventions and time spent in public, and quantify our uncertainty. Factors additional to mask mandates influenced the worldwide early uptake of mask wearing. Our analysis goes further than past work in the quality of wearing data–100 times the size with random sampling–geographical scope, a semimechanistic infection model, and the validation of our results.
Coming out for another
Authors: Wang Ping-Hsuan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study adopts three-level narrative positioning to analyze the construction of the closet and integrate the identity- and desired-centered approaches to language and sexuality. In two coming-out narratives, the same-sex desiring Indian immigrants in the U.S. portray their heterosexually married counterparts as ‘deceiving and hiding’. In their recounts (level 1), the narrators position themselves opposite these story characters to create an ‘open and honest’ self. In the interaction (level 2), they evoke shared cultural knowledge with the interviewer regarding the pressure from family. Against the socio-historical context (level 3), the narrators’ outness is accentuated through such authenticating conditions as one’s marital status and nationality. Such coming-out binarism reinforces a normativity that validates ‘out’ homosexuality while/by discrediting its ‘closeted’ form. The theoretical integration highlights the interviewer’s role in coming-out research and illustrates the exclusionary force of coming out that reconfigures same-sex desires into hierarchized, intelligible sexual identities.
Radiative transfer simulations for in-situ particle size diagnostic in reactive, particle growing plasmas
Authors: Kobus Julia , Petersen Andreas , Greiner Franko , Wolf Sebastian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
When considering particles produced in reactive plasmas, their basic properties, such as refractive index and grain size often need to be known. They can be constrained both ex-situ, e.g. by microscopy, and in-situ by polarimetry, i.e. analyzing the polarization state of scattered light. Polarimetry has the advantage of temporal resolution and real-time measurement, but the analysis is often limited by the assumption of single scattering and thus optically thin dust clouds. This limits the investigation of the growth process typically to grain sizes smaller than about 200 nm. Using 3D polarized radiative transfer simulations, however, it is possible to consider multiple scattering and to analyze the properties of dense particle clouds. We study the impact of various properties of dust clouds on the scattering polarization, namely the optical depth of the cloud, the spatial density distribution of the particles, their refractive index as well as the particle size dispersion. We find that ambiguities can occur regarding optical depth and spatial density distribution as well as regarding refractive index and particle size dispersion. Determining the refractive index correctly is especially important as it has a strong impact on the derived particle sizes. With this knowledge, we are able to design an in-situ diagnostics strategy for the investigation of the particle growth process based on radiative transfer simulations which are used to model the polarization over the whole growth process. The application of this strategy allows us for the first time to analyze the polarization measured during a growth experiment in a reactive argon-acetylene plasma for particle radii up to 280 nm.
Automatic optimal camera exposure time control for digital image correlation
Authors: Pan Bing , Zhang Xiaoying , Lv Yang , Yu Liping 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We present a method that can automatically determine the optimal camera exposure time for high-quality deformation measurement with digital image correlation (DIC) techniques. The proposed method needs to capture a series of surface images of a test sample at its reference state with different camera exposure times. The relationship between the mean intensity gradients (MIGs) and average grayscales of these images reveals that the best quality (i.e. maximum MIG) of a speckled sample surface always corresponds to a certain average grayscale. Thus, the proposed method can serve two purposes in DIC practice. First, at the initial state, the camera exposure time can be adjusted automatically to obtain a reference image with the best speckle pattern quality. Second, by adjusting the camera exposure time to make the average grayscale of an image close to the predetermined optimal value, the proposed method can adaptively output high-quality deformed images with an almost constant speckle pattern quality, regardless of serious ambient light variations. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method can automatically obtain stable and high-quality speckle pattern images, thus delivering better DIC measurement compared with regular DIC techniques using a fixed camera exposure time. Because the present automatic camera exposure time control method allows a nonprofessional operator to consistently obtain high-quality speckle pattern images that warrant high-accuracy DIC measurements, it is therefore suggested that the present method should be used as a routine practice in practical DIC applications.
A dual compensation strategy based on multi-model support vector regression for tool wear monitoring
Authors: Zhang Kun , Zhu Hongtao , Liu Dun , Wang Guoning , Huang Chuanzhen , Yao Peng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Tool wear monitoring is essential in precision machining and helps to ensure processing quality. Although numerous data-driven methods have been proposed for tool wear monitoring, most of them build global models that ignore local wear characteristics and the changeable working conditions. This study proposes a dual-compensation (DC) strategy based on multi-model support vector regression (MSVR) to improve estimation accuracy and model maintenance. By dividing the original samples into two clusters with the K-means algorithm, the DC strategy develops a separate SVR model for each cluster. Test samples are classified using the decision function and input into the corresponding model. Finally, the predicted value obtained by MSVR is corrected by system error compensation and nearest bias updating, which is improved to adapt to milling environments. In addition, the database is updated after each process. Two groups of milling experiments were conducted to validate the improved strategy in comparison with other methods. The results show that multi-model SVR improves performance by more than 28.7% and has better generalization ability. The root mean square error value decreases from 0.1109 to 0.0392, a 64.7% reduction, with our complete strategy. The DC strategy based on multi-model support vector regression (DCMSVR) can achieve high prediction accuracy in variable working conditions due to its high estimation accuracy and adaptability.
Plasma diagnosis of an unclosed E × B drift thruster with a visible ionization zone
Authors: Zhang Guangchuan , Ren Junxue , Tang Haibin , Zhang Zhe , Fu Yifeng , Zhang Zhongkai , Cao Jinbin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The traditional annular closed-loop E × B drifting Hall thruster is limited by its compact structure. Two-dimensional (2D) distribution of the plasma parameters inside the discharge channel cannot be accurately measured, thus directly hindering further understanding of the discharge process. In this paper, we propose to employ an unclosed E × B drift thruster with a visible (UDTv) ionization zone to conduct research into the effects of the crossed electric field and magnetic field on the plasma distribution inside the discharge channel. Experiments showed that the UDTv presented discharge similar to a Hall thruster, especially the low-frequency oscillation related to the discharge voltage. A 2D symmetrically crescent-shaped distribution of plasma inside the channel with a hollow zone located near the maximum of the magnetic field was clearly captured by optical imaging and an emission spectrometer. Correlation between the location of the maximal magnetic gradient and the 2D ionization zone configuration was verified. A decreased magnetic mirror effect at the location of the maximum magnetic field enhanced the electron–wall interaction, inducing near-wall conduction and secondary electron emission. The electron temperature presented a canyon distribution, resulting in a bimodal configuration of the plasma density. Increased flowrate lowered the ionization inside the channel and transformed the plasma distribution into a unimodal structure because of enhanced electron conduction and the lower electron temperature. Generally, the ability to capture the correlation between 2D plasma distribution and the magnetic field inside the discharge channel was successfully demonstrated, thus proposing new ideas for further research into the internal plasma of Hall thrusters.
Optimized photoelectric conversion properties of PbS
x
Se1−x
-QD/MoS2-NT 0D–1D mixed-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures
Authors: Cai Biao , Zhao Yipeng , Xu Degao , Ouyang Gang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Zero-dimensional (0D)–one-dimensional (1D) mixed-dimensional van der Waals (MvdW) heterostructures have shown great potential in electronic/optoelectronic applications. However, addressing the interface barrier modulation and charge-transfer mechanisms remain challenging. Here, we develop an analytic model to illustrate the open-circuit voltage and charge-transfer state energy in PbS
x
Se1−x
-quantum dots (QDs)/MoS2-nanotube (NT) 0D–1D MvdW heterostructures based on atomic-bond-relaxation approach, Marcus theory and modified-detailed balance principle. We find that the band alignment of PbS
x
Se1−x
-QDs/MoS2-NT heterostructures undergoes a transition from type II to type I, and the threshold of size is around 5.6 nm for x = 1, which makes the system suitable for various devices including photocatalytic device, light-emission device and solar cell under different sizes. Our results not only clarify the underlying mechanism of interfacial charge-transfer in the heterostructures, but also provide unique insight and new strategy for designing multifunctional and high-performance 0D–1D MvdW heterostructure devices.
The optical refractometry using transport-of-intensity equation
Authors: Gritsenko I V , Kovalev M S , Stsepuro N G , Gulina Yu S , Krasin G K , Gonchukov S A , Kudryashov S I 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A development of a method for measuring the refractive index of optical media based on the transport-of-intensity equation (TIE) is proposed. The method requires only a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) camera, which registers intensity distributions in several planes. The obtained intensity distributions are used to solve the TIE, known as a non-interferometric and deterministic method of measuring the phase of a light wave. Simple physical relations connecting the phase of the light wave that has passed through an optical medium and its refractive index allows to determine the latter. The results of the experiment confirm the applicability of the proposed method to the problems of optical refractometry.
Divertor plasma behaviors with neon seeding at different locations on EAST with ITER-like divertor
Authors: Meng L.Y. , Wang L. , Wang H.Q. , Deng G.Z. , Si H. , Li K.D. , Xu G.S. , Yuan Q.P. , Guo H.Y. , Eldon D. , Garofalo A.M. , Leonard A.W. , Hyatt A. , Humphreys D. , Gong X.Z. , Liu J.B. , Xu J.C. , Liang R.R. , Zhong F.B. , Lin X. , Duan Y.M. , Zang Q. , Zhang L. , Ding F. , Yang Z.S. , Zhang B. , Zhang T. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
For the problem of excessively high divertor heat flux, active impurity seeding is an effective method to radiate the plasma energy reaching the divertor and thus achieve the divertor detachment. Neon is a very effective radiation impurity on many current tokamaks, which is also a candidate species to be applied on ITER. In the EAST 2019 experimental campaign, a series of experiments were performed by seeding a mixture of neon and deuterium (Ne-D2) for detachment and core-edge-divertor integration in H-mode plasmas. The divertor partial detachment with high-confinement core plasma has been achieved by using Ne-D2 seeding in EAST with ITER-like tungsten divertor. Both the plasma stored energy and H
98,y2 > 1.1 are maintained, with the divertor electron temperature, heat flux and the surface temperature near the strike point being all significantly reduced. The differences between Ne-D2 seeding at the scrape-off layer (SOL) upstream and downstream have been experimentally investigated in detail. It is found that impurity seeding at SOL downstream is more beneficial to reducing the divertor electron temperature and peak heat flux. By comparison with experiments using divertor D2 fueling, it is further demonstrated that gas seeding in the SOL downstream will enrich more particles near the strike point, while the seeding in the SOL upstream will influence the entire outer target more evenly. Furthermore, in most of the experiments, gas seeding does not cause obvious toroidal asymmetry in the divertor plasma. However, when D2 is injected in an amount similar to that used to build the plasma, it causes the particle flux near the gas-puff to increase locally, i.e., much more than that at the toroidal location far from the gas-puff location. It is a competition between particle source and transport. When the particle source is stronger, it will naturally increase the local particles. In addition, dedicated experiments with different poloidal distances between impurity seeding and strike point on the radiation ability were carried out. Both experimental results and SOLPS simulation show that the seeding close to the strike point is more conducive to neon ionization and energy radiation.
Au-ion irradiation effects on microstructure and deuterium permeation resistance of Al/Al2O3 coating
Authors: Zhang Wei , Deng Jiuguo , Zhu Changda , Zhong Yilong , Yang Jian , Xin Hongyang , Liu Guiliang , Tang Rui , Feng Kaiming , Liu Ning , Yang Jijun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Al/Al2O3 coating with a total thickness of approximately 3 μm was irradiated by 6 MeV Au-ions with the damage level from 13 to 39 dpa at room temperature. The results showed that the surface roughness of the Al/Al2O3 coating decreased with increasing irradiation damage levels. As the irradiation damage level is up to 39 dpa, the crystallinity of the Al2O3 layer is enhanced, and the irradiation-induced defects such as voids and dislocations appeared in the Al/Al2O3 coating. The decreased hardness and the deterioration of deuterium permeation resistance are strongly associated with the changed microstructure. The underlying mechanism for the evolution of the microstructure and properties induced by Au-ion irradiation is discussed.