bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversity and biogeochemical roles of DNA viruses in Antarctic sea ice
Authors: Liu Gang , Han Meiaoxue , Liang Yantao , McMinn Andrew , Sun Jianhua , Martin Andrew , Kenndy Fraser , Ryan Ken , Gu Chengxiang , Gao Chen , Chen Xuechao , Shao Hongbing , He Jianfeng , Sung Yeong Yik , Mok Wen Jye , Wong Li Lian , Wang Min 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Polar sea ice is one of the largest ecosystems on Earth, harboring a vast and unexplored microbial diversity, which sustains the polar ecosystems during the long dark winters. Viruses are the most abundant “life forms” in the sea and are considered the main manipulators of microorganisms. However, little is known about the viral assemblages inhabiting Antarctic sea ice and under ice seawater or their biogeochemical roles.
Results
Here we establish an Antarctic sea ice and water DNA virome (ASIWV) dataset by analyzing 11 viral metagenomes derived from sea ice and seawater from below the melting ice in spring. A total of 28,169 viral contigs were identified and classified into 17,284 nonredundant viral Operational Taxonomic Units (vOTUs). Most of vOTUs could not be classified and so are considered probably endemic to Antarctic marine environments. Compared with those from sea water, viruses from within the sea ice preferentially adopted a lysogenic infection strategy, comprising more than 20% of viruses in multiple sea ice samples. The vOTUs in sea ice and sea water were quite similar, but there was still a distinction between their relative abundances. Potential hosts of 222 vOTUs were predicted, mainly linked to the dominant bacterial classes Gammaproteobacteria and Flavobacteriia. Notably, 220 virus-encoded auxiliary metabolic genes from 28 categories were identified, suggesting that viruses mediate microbial metabolism of carbon, sulfur, nitrogen, lipids and cold adaption.
Conclusions
This study is the first to reveal the unique taxonomic characteristics of viruses from polar sea ice and the under ice seawater, provides a baseline for sea ice DNA viral assemblages, highlights an unexplored hotspot of viral diversity and enhances our understanding of the viral contribution to the regulation microbial ecology and biogeochemistry.
A capture methyl-seq protocol with improved efficiency and cost-effectiveness using pre-pooling and enzymatic conversion
Authors: Hasegawa Keita , Nakabayashi Kazuhiko , Ishiwata Keisuke , Kasuga Yoshifumi , Hata Kenichiro , Tanaka Mamoru 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective
The opportunities for sequencing-based methylome analysis of clinical samples are increasing. To reduce its cost and the amount of genomic DNA required for library preparation, we aimed to establish a capture methyl-seq protocol, which adopts pre-pooling of multiple libraries before hybridization capture and TET2/APOBEC-mediated conversion of unmethylated cytosine to thymine.
Results
We compared a publicly available dataset generated by the standard protocol of SureSelect XT Human Methyl-Seq Kit and our dataset obtained by its modified protocol that adopted sample pre-pooling and enzymatic conversion. We confirmed that the quality of DNA methylation data was comparable between the two datasets. As our protocol, EMCap, is more cost-effective and reduces the amount of input genomic DNA, it would serve as a better choice for clinical methylome sequencing.
Biomineralization process of CaCO3 precipitation induced by Bacillus mucilaginosus and its potential in bacteria-based self-healing concrete
Authors: Zhai Haoran , Liu Aizhu , Yang Huiqing , Gao Dong , Liu Chunguang , Yan Wenda 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Microbial induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) is widely common in nature, which belongs to biomineralization, and has been explored carefully in recent decades. The research studied the main factors including temperature, initial pH value and Ca2+ concentration on bacterial growth and carbonic anhydrase activity by Bacillus mucilaginosus producing extracellular carbonic anhydrase, and revealed the biomineralization process of MICP by Ca2+ concentration and calcification rate in alkali environment. Meanwhile, microbial healing agent containing spores and calcium nitrate was prepared for the early age concrete cracks. The self-healing efficiency was assessed by crack closure rate, water permeability repair rate, healing depth and so on. Moreover, the precipitations generated at the crack mouth of specimens were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). After 28 d healing time of dry-wet cycles, compared with reference, the crack closure rate with the crack width up to 0.339 mm could reach 95.62%, the water permeability repair rate was 87.54%. In addition, the precipitations generated were most at the crack surface, with the increase of the crack depth, the precipitations gradually decreased. XRD analysis showed that the precipitations at the crack mouth were calcite CaCO3. Meanwhile, the self-healing mechanism of mortar cracks was discussed in detail. What’s more, the CA produced by the bacteria could accelerate the hydration of CO2 in the air, and the mineralization reaction efficiency was also high. In particular, there is no other pollution in the whole mineralization process, and the self-healing system is environmentally friendly, which provides a novel idea and method for the application of microbial self-healing concrete.
Nomogram for predicting fulminant necrotizing enterocolitis： A retrospective case-control study
Authors: Li Weibo , Zhang Chen , Li Wenli , Qin Fanyue , Gao Xiang , Xu Falin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Fulminant necrotizing enterocolitis (FNEC) is the most serious subtype of NEC and has a high mortality rate and a high incidence of sequelae. Onset prediction can help in the establishment of a customized treatment strategy. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a predictive nomogram for FNEC.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective observation to study the clinical data of neonates diagnosed with NEC (Bell stage ≥ IIB). Neonates were divided into the FNEC and NEC groups. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to construct the nomogram model. The performance of the nomogram was assessed using area under the curve, calibration analysis, and decision curve analysis.
Results: A total of 206 neonate cases were included, among which 40 (19.4%) fulfilled the definition of FNEC. The identified predictors were assisted ventilation after NEC onset; shock at NEC onset; feeding volumes before NEC onset; neutrophil counts on the day of NEC onset; and neutrophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte counts on day 1 after NEC onset. The nomogram exhibited good discrimination, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.884 (95% CI, 0.825–0.943). The predictive model was well-calibrated. Decision curve analysis confirmed the clinical usefulness of this nomogram.
Conclusion: A nomogram with a potentially effective application was developed to facilitate the individualized prediction of FNEC, with the hope of providing further direction for the early diagnosis of FNEC and timing of intervention.
Medical Informatics Research across 20 Years in China: A Structural Topic Modeling-based Analysis of Master’s Theses
Authors: Huang Wenjing , Shen Lining , Evans Richard , Liu Yi , Rui Tianqi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The establishment of the Discipline Development Consortium for Medical Informatics has ushered in a new phase of medical informatics (MI) research in China. Consequently, Chinese government, healthcare providers, and scholars, have increased their attention on the topic with the aim of improving patient care and healthcare delivery. The purpose of this study was to examine the research progress of medical informatics in China over the past 20 years using Master’s theses. Descriptive analysis was completed to identify the temporal distribution, spatial distribution, institutional distribution, specialty distribution, and advisor distribution, of the theses. A structural topic modeling-based analysis was performed to determine topic prevalence, topic correlation, associations between prolific institutions and topics, and topic trend. Our results reveal that the majority of institutions publishing theses on MI include universities with medical departments, medical universities, engineering universities, and research institutes. Most theses advisors focus on the field of medical informatics, while the sub-fields studied include software engineering, computer science, and biomedical engineering. The themes of theses can be divided into seven categories, including: electronic medical records and hospital informatics, Internet + medicine, and health information management and analysis, while new technologies, such as mHealth, Internet+, cloud computing, and big data, are growing in interest. Medical informatics in China should be established as an independent discipline to enhance research focus and to promote cross-institutional, cross-disciplinary, and cross-national collaboration between authors and institutions.
Spectral engineering of integrated photonic filters using mode splitting in silicon nanowire integrated standing-wave resonators
Authors: Moss David J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Mode splitting induced by coherent optical mode interference in coupled resonant cavities is a key phenomenon in photonic resonators that can lead to powerful and versatile filtering functions, in close analogy to electromagnetically-induced-transparency, Autler-Townes splitting, Fano resonances, and dark states. It can not only break the dependence between quality factor, free spectral range, and physical cavity length, but can also lead to group delay response and mode interactions that are useful for enhancing light-material interaction and dispersion engineering in nonlinear optics. In this work, we investigate mode splitting in standing-wave (SW) resonators implemented by cascaded Sagnac loop reflectors (CSLRs) and demonstrate its use for engineering the spectral profile of integrated photonic filters. By changing the reflectivity of the Sagnac loop reflectors (SLRs) and the phase shifts along the connecting waveguides, we tailor mode splitting in the CSLR resonators to achieve a wide range of filter shapes for diverse applications including enhanced light trapping, flat-top filtering, Q factor enhancement, and signal reshaping. We present the theoretical designs and compare the performance of CSLR resonators with three, four, and eight SLRs fabricated in silicon-on-insulator nanowires. We achieve high performance and versatile filter shapes via diverse mode splitting that agree well with theory. The experimental results confirm the effectiveness of our approach towards realizing integrated multi-functional SW filters for flexible spectral engineering.
Development of the methodological approaches for the attitude control system of the Earth remote sensing satellite in the conditions of the onboard equipment partial failures
Authors: Zheliabov Petro , Lapkhanov Erik 
Published: October 2022

The spacecraft controllability of the angular motion is possible only with operability of the attitude and orbit control system (AOCS) of the spacecraft, sensors, actuators and the spacecraft power system. However, there is a rather significant probability of failure of this equipment during the operation of the spacecraft. This is especially observed after half of the spacecraft's lifetime or because of emergency situations. There is a problem which is connected with providing the maximum performance of the AOCS in case of partial failures of their actuators (reaction wheels (RW), magnetorquer rods (MGTR), etc.).
Thus, the purpose of this work is the development and synthesis of special algorithms for spacecraft angular motion control in the emergency situations which are connected with RWs partial failures and restrictions of onboard electricity consumption. The approach of synthesis of this control algorithms is based on using mobile control methods which allow to reserve RWs by MGTRs. There are different variants of control loops depending on MGTRs turning on combinations. There were proposed two types of control switching functions: time-periodic and switching by deviation. Also was proposed a methodology of controller synthesis using these switching functions.
Using this methodology and computer simulation, it was shown the possibility of providing angular nadir orientation and stabilization of the spacecraft with maximum 1−1.5 deg error in case of time-periodic switching functions implementation. Switching by deviation allows to reduce onboard electricity consumption for 25−30 % comparing with using time-periodic switching. However, the accuracy of stabilization significantly lower in case of switching by deviation. Considering these estimates, the corresponding methodological recommendations were formulated for use switching functions depending on emergency
Ultrasonography (USG) as an adjuvant diagnostic aid in fascial space infections
Authors: Reshi Asif Muzaffer , Bhat Mohd Younis , Shah Ajaz Ahmad 
Published: October 2022

The aim: to evaluate the efficiency of USG as an adjuvant diagnostic aid in fascial space infections and help draw a treatment plan as per the diagnosis made by USG examination
Materials and methods: 60 patients having odontogenic superficial fascial space infection of the maxillofacial region were included. All of the patients included in our study were properly examined clinically with proper work up done, ordering different radiographs necessary to ascertain odontogenic cause most patients diagnosed with cellulitis were given medical line of treatment, and those with abscess were subjected to incision and drainage. Informed consent was obtained from all the participants involved in the study.
Results: in this study, total of 60 patients were studied. Out of 60 patients of odontogenic facial space infections, 24 were male and 36 were female. Buccal space was the most common space involved (24;40 %) followed by submandibular space (9;15.0 %) than Canine space (6;10 %). In a total of 60 cases, clinical diagnosis of cellulitis was made in 18 cases (30 %) and that of abscess in 42 patients (70.0 %).
All patients were subjected to the USG examination in which cellulitis was diagnosed in 24 cases (40 %) and abscess in 36 cases (60 %).
Conclusion: USG could be considered to be a valuable adjuvant to clinical examination in patients with fascial space infection and help in delivering better treatment, after intervention 34 cases were found to be abscess while USG found 36 cases hence clearly proving the superiority of USG in diagnosis of abscess than clinical examination.
It has its own advantages like minimal cost, repeated examinations, and readily available in especially in developing countries where people could not easily afford better imaging modalities
Complexity of adoption and diffusion of ecological sanitation technology: a review of literature
Authors: Banamwana Celestin , Musoke David , Ntakirutimana Theoneste , Buregyeya Esther , Ssempebwa John , Maina Gakenia W. , Tumwesigye Nazarius M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Ecological sanitation (Ecosan) technology was introduced to improve sanitation through the reuse of excreta resources, particularly in developing countries. However, the adoption of Ecosan technology is low which makes its diffusion complex, especially in diverse spatial and socio-cultural contexts. This review of literature aimed to use the innovation theory to identify the issues that make the process of adoption of Ecosan technology complex. A total of 105 published studies were reviewed. Of these, only 34 studies were analyzed and grouped according to the complexity of the diffusion of ecological sanitation technology using the five stages of innovation diffusion conceptual model identified by Everett Rogers namely: knowledge, persuasion, decision, implementation, and confirmation. The studies revealed the existence of diverse complexities of adoption, such as lack of sanitation policy, phobia against the use of Ecosan by-products, lack of technical support, and safety issues. In addition, poor practical knowledge, illiteracy, high capital cost, disgust with human excreta, religious taboos, and cultural boundaries were also found to hinder the smooth diffusion of Ecosan technology in various geographical settings. The scale-up of Ecosan technology, therefore, needs to focus on addressing these barriers and adopting implementation best practices.
Integrated behaviour change intervention for sustainable community development: a KAP study of WASH in district Gujrat, Pakistan
Authors: Afzal Afzaal , Javed Muqaddas , Jabeen Tahira 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Behaviour change interventions are fundamental to achieve sustainability in communities through the identification of new, and strengthening the existing positive practices. It is considered central to the quest for a sustainable future and solves multidimensional community problems, which require large scale shifts in human behaviour with regard to their health, socio-physical activities and long held habits. In this context, the study examines the role of integrated behaviour change interventions for sustainable community development by exploring the direct and mediating impacts through knowledge attitude and practice (KAP) of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH). The primary data was collected from district Gujrat (Pakistan) through stratified random sampling to explore the impacts of KAP of WASH and its relationship with child health and sustainable community development. The hypotheses of the study were tested with smartPLS software. Findings of the overall sample of the study have revealed that integrated behaviour change interventions have significant impacts on KAP, WASH practices in daily life, child health (CH) and sustainable community development (SCD). Furthermore, the relationships among variables are positively significant and have direct and mediating impacts on sustainable community development.
Removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions by nZVI-loaded sludge-derived biochar: performance and mechanism
Authors: Yu Chaoyang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
With the rapid development of highland railways in China, a large amount of heavy metal wastewater was inevitably generated during the manufacturing process of alloy materials required for railway construction. In this paper, pyrolysis of municipal sludge was followed by ball milling to obtain ball milling sludge-derived biochar (SDBC), and then nZVI-loaded SDBC materials (nZVI@SDBC) were prepared by liquid-phase reduction. The effects of different factors on the Cr(VI) removal were investigated. The maximum Cr(VI) adsorption capacity of nZVI@SDBC(2:1) was 178.05 mg/g. The Cr(VI) removal process could be fitted by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The Cr(VI) removal mechanism mainly included complexation, reduction, electrostatic interaction, and coprecipitation. The Cr(VI) removal by nZVI@SDBC(2:1) was maintained at over 90% after five replicate experiments. nZVI@SDBC(2:1) was capable of removing most of the Cr(VI) from real electroplating wastewater. The cost of using nZVI@SDBC(2:1) to remove 1 m3 of actual wastewater is approximately 325.7162 USD/m3. This work provided a new idea for the solution of Cr(VI)-containing wastewater from the production of railway materials.
Water in crystal contacts: retention of bridging waters
Authors: Gallagher Travis , Gilliland Gary L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
In 3 well-refined crystal structures of subtilisin BPN' ih different space groups, crystal contact hydration was compared. The structures are: lsup, space group C2, resolution 1.6 A, with 194 waters; 2stl, P212121,
resolution 1.8 A, with 154 waters, and lsub, P21, resolution 1.75 A, with 200 waters. Of 106 bridging water sites,
approximately 50% retain the water in the absence of the crystal contact, suggesting that bound water may serve
as a template for crystal contact formation. Bridging waters that are retained on both surfaces must overlap when
the contact forms, eliminating one water in a condensation reaction. In such cases, the water sites are geometric
determinants of the contact. Specific examples are described in the C2 crystal structure.
Synthesis of cyclic disulfide peptides: comparison of oxidation methods
Authors: Eichler Jutta , Houghten Richard A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Seven cyclic disulfide peptides (oxytocin, salmon calcitonin 1-10, CTP, crustacean cardioactive peptide, somatostatin 3-14, [C2•6]-P-endorphin 1-6 and endothelin-P 3-11) were synthesized on soli<:1 phase and cyclized either on the resin, simultaneously with the cleavage from the resin, or in solution after cleavage, using eight different oxidation methods. The purities of the crude peptides were compared in order to evaluate the efficacy of the different oxidation methods with respect to the peptide sequences.
SH-Group in the active site of u-galactosidase from trjchoderma reese/
Authors: Npustroev Kirill N. , Eneyskaya Elena V. , Protasenya Stepan V. , Kachurin Anatoly M. , Savel'ev Andrew N. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Modifications of an SH-group in active site of u-galactosidase from T. reesei by PHMB and Hg2+ inactivate the enzyme while following treatment with thiols activity is recovered. Galactose and substrates delay such recovery. This effect was utilized to compare affinity of substrates and galactose to native and inactive forms of the enzyme. It was concluded that the SH-group is important for binding of substrates in the active site.
Identification of the isoforms and subisoforms of rabbit liver metallothionein using electrospray mass spectrometry
Authors: Blanc J.C. Yves Le , Presta Anthony , Veinot John , Gibson Dean , Siu K.W. Michael , Stillman Martin J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
A cartridge-based, chromatographic method is reported for the isolation of isoform 2a of rabbit liver zinc metallothionein that reduces the time of key steps by SO-fold and is scaleable from analytical (<5 ppb zinc) to preparative (I00's ppm zinc) levels. Electrospray mass spectra are reported that unambiguously identify for the first time the presence of each of the 6 subisoforms of rabbit liver metallothionein. These data show that MT 2a elutes with minor fractions of 2b and 2c, whereas MT I a elutes with major fractions of 2d and 2e.
Diversity of equilibrium compact forms of denatured globular proteins
Authors: Uversky Vladimir N. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
The problem of the variety of the equilibrium denatured forms of globular proteins is considered. The crucial observation is emphasized that the molten globule is not the only equilibrium intermediate of a given protein. The structural properties of a protein molecule in different intermediate conformations are described. An im­ portant fact is emphasized that among several compact denatured forms only the molten globule represents a distinct phase state of a protein molecule.
Synthetic peptide as inhibitors of human complement activation
Authors: Kapil Arona , Kundu Bijoy , Khare Sanjay K. , Shukla Manisha 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Several structurally diverse hexapeptides related to IgE have been evaluated for their ability to inhibit complement activation by using hemolytic assay. Out of the compounds tested, four hexapeptides exhibited total suppression of human complement.