bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Seawater‐Corrosion‐Resistant and Isotropic Zero Thermal Expansion (Zr,Ta)(Fe,Co)2 Alloy
Authors: Li Wenjie , Lin Kun , Yan Yu , Yu Chengyi , Cao Yili , Chen Xin , Wang Chin‐Wei , Kato Kenichi , Chen Yan , An Ke , Zhang Qinghua , Gu Lin , Li Qiang , Deng Jinxia , Xing Xianran 
Published: June 2022

AbstractZero thermal expansion (ZTE) alloys as dimensionally stable materials are usually challenged by harsh environmental erosion, since ZTE and corrosion resistance are generally mutually exclusive. Here, a high‐performance alloy, Zr0.8Ta0.2Fe1.7Co0.3, is reported, that shows isotropic ZTE behavior (αl = 0.21(2) × 10−6 K−1) in a wide temperature range of 5–360 K, high corrosion resistance in a seawater‐like solution compared with classic Invar and stainless Invar, and excellent cyclic thermal and structural stabilities. Such stabilities are attributed to the cubic symmetry, the controllable magnetic order, and the spontaneously formed passive film with Ta and Zr chemical modifications. The results are evidenced by X‐ray/neutron diffraction, microscopy, spectroscopy, and electrochemistry investigations. Such multiple stabilities have the potential to broaden the robust applications of ZTE alloys, especially in marine services.
Interlayer Hopping Kinetics of Vacancies in CrI3 Layers Leading to Monolayer/Bilayer Heterostructures
Authors: Liu Hongsheng , Zhang Yanxue , Glukhova Olga E. , Zhang Gang , Wang Lu , Zhao Jijun , Gao Junfeng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract2D magnets, especially their multilayer structures exhibit promising applications in magnetic sensing and data storage due to magnetoresistance effect. Defects have significant influence on the performance of devices and are widely investigated for typical 2D magnets. However, the defects in multilayer structures are rarely studied. Here, based on density functional theory, an interesting synergy of the interlayer migration of I and Cr vacancies in bilayer CrI3 is found. Cr vacancies attract I vacancies in adjacent layers and greatly reduce the intermigration barrier of I. On the other hand, I vacancies also facilitate the interlayer migration of Cr vacancies. A monolayer/bilayer heterostructure is expected to form after annealing at about 500 K due to the fast hopping of vacancies between layers and the strong driving force for vacancies clustering. The interlayer hopping and merge of vacancies help eliminate defect states in bilayer CrI3. These results provide an atomic‐scale understanding of vacancy migration between CrI3 layers, which is important for defect engineering and applications of bilayer and multilayer CrI3.
Large Scale Exchange Coupled Metallic Multilayers by Roll‐to‐Roll (R2R) Process for Advanced Printed Magnetoelectronics
Authors: Gupta Preeti , Karnaushenko Dmitriy D. , Becker Christian , Okur Ibrahim E. , Melzer Michael , Özer Burak , Schmidt Oliver G. , Karnaushenko Daniil 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTill now application of printed magnetoelectronics is hindered by lack of large area exchange coupled metallic multilayers required to produce printable magneto‐sensory inks. Large‐scale roll‐to‐roll (R2R) fabrication process is an attractive approach owing to its capabilities for high volume, high throughput, and large area manufacturing. Precise and high performance R2R sputtering technology is developed to fabricate large area giant magnetoresistive (GMR) thin‐films stacks that contain 30 metallic bilayers prepared by continuous R2R sputtering of Co and Cu sequential on a hundred meters long polyethylene terephthalate (PET) web. The R2R sputtered Co/Cu multilayer on a 0.2 × 100 m2 PET web exhibits a GMR ratio of ≈40% achieving the largest area exchange coupled room temperature magneto‐sensitive system demonstrated to date. The prepared GMR thin‐film is converted to magnetosensitive ink that enables printing of magnetic sensors with high performance in a cost‐efficient way, which promotes integration with printed electronics. An average GMR ratio of ≈18% is obtained for 370 printed magnetic sensors. The realized precise R2R sputtering approach can also be extended to a wide range of hybrid thin‐film material systems opening up a path for new functional inks applied with printing technologies.
Properties, Synthesis, and Device Applications of 2D Layered InSe
Authors: Dai Mingjin , Gao Caifang , Nie Qianfan , Wang Qi‐Jie , Lin Yen‐Fu , Chu Junhao , Li Wenwu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVan der Waals layered indium selenide (InSe) is an emerging star of the 2D semiconducting materials because of its excellent fundamental properties, such as ultrahigh carrier mobility, layer‐tunable bandgap, large elastic deformability, and rich polytypes. In addition, 2D layered indium selenide has demonstrated outstanding device performance including photodetector, field‐effect transistor, memory and synapse, mechanical and gas sensor, which has offered a new chance to next‐generation electrical and optoelectronic devices. This review presents a comprehensive summary of recent progress in 2D layered indium selenide. The novel fundamental properties and synthetic methods are summarized. Also, the indium selenide‐based state‐of‐the‐art electronic/optoelectronic devices, such as a functional field‐effect transistor, photodetector, and mechanical and gas sensors are systematically summarized. The techniques to enhance the performances of devices are also discussed. Finally, a brief discussion on the challenges and future opportunities as a guideline for this field is provided.
Skin‐Interfaced Deep‐Tissue Sensing Patch via Microneedle Waveguides
Authors: Liu Yihan , Menon Rahul , Putcha Arjun , Huang Ke , Bonilla Leonardo , Vora Rohan , Li Junye , Zhang Lin , Wang Yihang , Fletcher Lauren , Lassiter Anna , Huang Chuqi , Buse John B. , Cheng Ke , Bai Wubin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractContinuous, real‐time monitoring of biomarkers associated with local regions of the body can enhance both temporal and dimensional accuracy of proactive treatment to acute syndromes for critical illnesses, especially peripheral artery diseases. Conventional health monitors often face grand challenges in leveraging deep‐tissue sensing capability with a safe and compatible biointerface. Optical‐based noninvasive monitors may lack the ability to detect oximetry under subcutaneous fatty tissue due to the light scattering and absorption; implantables offer targeted sensing at depth, but may induce infection and inflammation. This report puts forward a wireless, wearable deep‐tissue sensing patch by incorporating biocompatible microneedle waveguides at the sensing interface, to bypass the light extinction in epidermic and dermic tissue and enable the tracking of oximetry at muscular tissue. The sensing patch provides multiple physiological measurements at the sensing area, including tissue oximetry, pulse oximetry, heart pulsation, and respiratory activities with a wireless platform for uninterrupted data advertising and processing to enable real‐time diagnostic analysis. The mechanical and thermal characterizations of the sensing patch with the microneedle waveguides validate the durable and safe operation at the skin interface. In vivo study with animal models of hindlimb ischemia demonstrates the high sensitivity and timely response of the sensing patch as muscle tissue hypoxia emerges.
Robust Self‐Standing Single‐Ion Polymer Electrolytes Enabling High‐Safety Magnesium Batteries at Elevated Temperature
Authors: Ge Xuesong , Song Fuchen , Du Aobing , Zhang Yaojian , Xie Bin , Huang Lang , Zhao Jingwen , Dong Shanmu , Zhou Xinhong , Cui Guanglei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs) have great potential in the field of high‐temperature specialized batteries owing to the superior thermostability and lower propensity for dendrite formation of Mg metal anodes. And the development of Mg2+‐conducting electrolytes that can operate stably under elevated temperature conditions (>100 °C) is the key to high‐temperature RMBs. Here, a robust self‐standing single‐ion polymer electrolyte (SSPE) enabling high‐safety RMBs working at elevated temperature is presented. This SSPE exhibits an expanded electrochemical stability window of 4.8 V (vs Mg2+/Mg), a remarkable Mg2+‐ion transference number of 0.79, and a highly reversible Mg plating/stripping performance. This rationally designed SSPE enables home‐made Mo6S8//Mg batteries with superior high‐temperature (up to 150 °C) performance and significantly improved safety characteristics under abuse conditions. This design concept for a robust SSPE provides a promising path to high‐safety specialized RMBs operating at the elevated temperature, which also offers a new path for the development of functionalized electrolytes.
Metal‐free Cascade Radical Cyclization of N‐Methylacrylyl‐2‐phenylbenzimidazole: Construction of Aryldifluoromethylated Benzimidazole[2,1‐a]iso‐Quinoline‐6(5H)‐ketone
Authors: Chen Zhiwei , Huang Xiaoxiao , Sun Jie , Liu Yanmin , Li Ziwei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA facile and effective metal‐free decarboxylative cyclization of N‐methacryloyl‐2‐phenylbenzimidazole with arylthio (oxy) difluoroacetic acids or α,α‐aryldifluoroacetic acids was proposed to prepare a series of aryldifluoromethylated benzimidazole[2,1‐a]iso‐quinoline‐6(5H)‐one derivatives in medium to good yields with good functional group tolerance, readily available raw materials and simple operation. In addition, experimental studies showed that the CF2 group of arylthiodifluoroacetic acids plays a crucial role in this conversion.
Identification of a cobalt(IV)–oxo intermediate as an active oxidant in catalytic oxidation reactions
Authors: Malik Deesha D. , Lee Yong‐Min , Nam Wonwoo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe report the catalytic oxidation of organic substrates by a cobalt complex, [CoIII(TAML)]− (TAML = tetra‐amido macrocyclic ligand), and meta‐chloroperbenzoic acid (m‐CPBA) under the mild reaction conditions and the identification of a cobalt(IV)–oxo intermediate, [CoIV(TAML)(O)]2−, as an active oxidant in the catalytic oxidation reactions. In the hydroxylation of cyclohexane, cyclohexanol is the sole product and the hydroxylation reaction occurs via an oxygen non‐rebound mechanism. Kinetic isotope effect value of 3.1, obtained in the oxidation of cyclohexane‐h12/d12, indicates that a hydrogen atom abstraction from cyclohexane by the cobalt(IV)–oxo complex is the rate‐determining step. The catalytic oxidation of cyclohexene prefers the C═C bond epoxidation to the C–H bond activation, yielding cyclohexene oxide as a sole product. In the epoxidation of cis‐ and trans‐stilbenes, cis‐ and trans‐stilbene oxides, respectively, are yielded stereoselectively. The present study reports a highly selective catalytic oxidation of organic substrates by a cobalt complex and m‐CPBA and the involvement of a cobalt(IV)–oxo intermediate as an active oxidant in the catalytic oxidation reactions.
Conceptual assessment of HRQOL among Japanese non‐metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) patients
Authors: Nishimura Kazuo , Shiota Masaki , Eto Masatoshi , Satoh Takefumi , Stroupe Angela , Seo Caroline , Uzumcu Alyssa , Ledesma Dianne Athene 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe study objectives were to understand how patients view the quality of life in non‐metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC), including unmet needs and what patients consider most important in treatment outcomes. A gap analysis was conducted on existing patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) measures versus what is missing from the patient perspective, to guide future development of PRO‐based real‐world evidence for nmCRPC in Japan. A conceptual model for nmCRPC Japanese patients’ HRQOL was also created.MethodsThis non‐interventional, qualitative study consisted of a targeted literature review, PRO instrument review, and interviews with 20 nmCRPC patients and five treating physicians. Triangulation of the gap analysis, evidence from the targeted review of the literature, and qualitative interview findings were employed to assess the comprehensiveness of current nmCRPC and HRQOL measures.ResultsSymptoms most reported by patients were frequent urination (70%), nocturia (65%), and general pain (65%). Others reported included lack of strength (30%). HRQOL impacts most reported were anxiety (45%) and worry (50%) about their diagnosis. Additional impacts mentioned were weight changes, loss of sleep, difficulty walking, loss of appetite, and difficulty traveling and seeking toilets in public.The gap analysis revealed 31 symptoms and 33 impacts not covered in existing prostate cancer‐specific PRO instruments. Patients mentioned musculoskeletal symptoms such as fractures, leg pain, cramps, numbness, and loss of leg bone strength. Impacts not previously discussed in the literature or in outcome measures were feelings of self‐consciousness around diagnosis, stigma around illness, and the impact on mobility including traveling.ConclusionKey results reveal pain and urinary symptoms are the most experienced by Japanese nmCRPC patients. The diagnosis and treatment of disease leads to significant impacts in patient lives. Analysis revealed that symptoms and life impacts are missing in the current literature and outcome measures. Testing and debriefing of specific items could further substantiate these dimensions.
Honeybee Iflaviruses Pack Specific tRNA Fragments from Host Cells in Their Virions
Authors: Šimonová Anna , Romanská Veronika , Benoni Barbora , Škubník Karel , Šmerdová Lenka , Procházková Michaela , Spustová Kristina , Moravčík Ondřej , Gahurova Lenka , Pačes Jan , Plevka Pavel , Cahová Hana 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Picornavirales include viruses that infect vertebrates, insects, and plants. It was believed that they pack only their genomic mRNA in the particles; thus, we envisaged these viruses as excellent model systems for studies of mRNA modifications. We used LC–MS to analyze digested RNA isolated from particles of the sacbrood and deformed wing iflaviruses as well as of the echovirus 18 and rhinovirus 2 picornaviruses. Whereas in the picornavirus RNAs we detected only N6‐methyladenosine and 2’‐O‐methylated nucleosides, the iflavirus RNAs contained a wide range of methylated nucleosides, such as 1‐methyladenosine (m1A) and 5‐methylcytidine (m5C). Mapping of m1A and m5C through RNA sequencing of the SBV and DWV RNAs revealed the presence of tRNA molecules. Both modifications were detected only in tRNA. Further analysis revealed that tRNAs are present in form of 3’ and 5’ fragments and they are packed selectively. Moreover, these tRNAs are typically packed by other viruses.
Lessons from research and evaluation on faculty as change agents of teaching and campus reform
Authors: Bragg Debra D. , Eddy Pamela L. , Iverson Ellen R. , Hao Yi , O'Connell Kristin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis chapter presents research and evaluation results on the SAGE 2YC project's intentional focus on a cycle of change rooted in modeling evidence‐based pedagogies and facilitating change in teaching and leadership among faculty peers on multiple levels. Based on five years of qualitative and quantitative data involving 40 community colleges and 80 full‐time and adjunct STEM faculty, results showed that faculty change agents increased their use of evidence‐based teaching and faculty leadership roles. Changes in pedagogy contributed to improved course completion rates and reduced equity gaps between demographically diverse student groups. Carefully honed professional development strategies offered valuable lessons on supporting faculty learning, scaffolding and sharing lessons learned among faculty peers, and faculty leadership of campus reforms.
Artificial intelligence‐based multiobjective optimization of reverse osmosis desalination pretreatment using a hybrid ZnO‐immobilized/photo‐Fenton process
Authors: Joy Varghese Manappallil , Feroz Shaik , Dutta Susmita 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe performance of desalination plants predominantly depends on the enhancement of membrane productivity through the effective removal of organic foulants from saline water prior to the membrane process. This research evaluates the performance of the ZnO‐immobilized solar nanophotocatalytic process integrated with Fe2+/H2O2 system for the removal of organics from reverse osmosis (RO) feed seawater. Machine‐learning and response surface methodology (RSM) models were used for optimizing the performance of such a hybrid system in terms of five input factors: initial TOC (mg/L), pH, H2O2 dosage (g/L), Fe2+ dosage (mg/L) and solar irradiation time (minutes). Both machine‐learning and RSM regression models were optimized using nondominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA‐III) for estimating optimum organic degradation performance in terms of residual Fe2+, total organic carbon (TOC) removal and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal. The response values obtained from the experimental run conducted at the optimum settings of ANN‐NSGA‐III was found to be TOC removal = 81.4%, COD removal = 77.4% and residual Fe2+ = 1.95 mg/L. The pilot‐scale solar nanophotocatalytic reactor optimized in the present research is worthy of being upscaled for wide application in desalination plants.
The many roles of dystroglycan in nervous system development and function
Authors: Jahncke Jennifer N. , Wright Kevin M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe glycoprotein dystroglycan was first identified in muscle, where it functions as part of the dystrophin glycoprotein complex to connect the extracellular matrix to the actin cytoskeleton. Mutations in genes involved in the glycosylation of dystroglycan cause a form of congenital muscular dystrophy termed dystroglycanopathy. In addition to its well‐defined role in regulating muscle integrity, dystroglycan is essential for proper central and peripheral nervous system development. Patients with dystroglycanopathy can present with a wide range of neurological perturbations, but unraveling the complex role of Dag1 in the nervous system has proven to be a challenge. Over the past two decades, animal models of dystroglycanopathy have been an invaluable resource that has allowed researchers to elucidate dystroglycan's many roles in neural circuit development. In this review, we summarize the pathways involved in dystroglycan's glycosylation and its known interacting proteins, and discuss how it regulates neuronal migration, axon guidance, synapse formation, and its role in non‐neuronal cells.
The hyporheic zone as an invertebrate refuge during a fine sediment disturbance event
Authors: Milner Victoria S. , Jones J. Iwan , Maddock Ian P. , Bunting George C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSubsurface sediments offer an important refuge that support the survival and persistence of river invertebrates during adverse surface conditions. Access to refuges for invertebrates varies with differing hydrological and substrate characteristics, especially the proportion of fine sediment. This study examines whether substrate characteristics influence the use of the hyporheic zone as an invertebrate refuge during a fine sediment disturbance event. We used 12 outdoor stream mesocosms to examine the vertical migration of benthic and hyporheic invertebrates to fine sediment loading. Each mesocosm was filled with coarse or experimentally colmated sediments. After 69 days, a fine sediment pulse of three varying fine sediment concentrations was added to the stream mesocosms. Both before and after the fine sediment pulse, a distinct gradient in the abundance and richness of hyporheic invertebrates was apparent with depth. Hyporheic abundance and taxonomic richness decreased at 5 cm and increased at 18 cm during fine sediment loading, indicating vertical migration of invertebrates from the benthic to hyporheic zone. Our study provides support for the hyporheic zone as a refuge for benthic invertebrates during fine sediment disturbance events. We also found evidence that movement pathways within subsurface sediments were still accessible and permitted bidirectional migration of individuals between the benthic and hyporheic zone in the coarse and colmated sediments during fine sediment loading. Understanding how increased fine sediment deposition affects streambed porosity will be increasingly important with ongoing climate change and anthropogenic sedimentation.
Ameliorative potential of vitamin C and E against Roundup‐glyphosate induced genotoxicity triggering apoptosis in caprine granulosa cells
Authors: Bhardwaj Jitender Kumar , Mittal Meenu , Saraf Priyanka , Sharma Sanjeev 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe present study was aimed to investigate the genotoxic and apoptotic effects of glyphosate (GLP) in Roundup formulation along with mitigation of two potent antioxidants that is, vitamin C and E in caprine granulosa cells in vitro. The entire work was done in a dose and time dependent manner where different concentrations of GLP (0.1, 2.0, and 4.0 mg/ml) in Roundup and antioxidants (0.5 and 1.0 mM) were employed to culture of granulosa cells for exposure durations of 24, 48, and 72 h. Analysis of GLP‐induced geno‐toxicity was accomplished by using single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay) assay. Results have shown increased incidences of DNA fragmentation, evidenced by presence of different types of comets (Type 1–Type 4) in Roundup‐GLP‐ exposed groups in contrast to the control group (Type 0 comet). However, mitigation by both vitamin C and E was significant (p < .05) in combating the GLP‐induced genotoxicity in granulosa cells in a concentration‐ and time‐dependent manner. The results of our study provide a clear indication of the ameliorative actions of vitamin C and E against Roundup‐GLP‐induced genotoxicity that instigate apoptosis in ovarian granulosa cells of caprine.
Biofortification of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with iron and zinc: Achievements and challenges
Authors: Huertas Raul , Karpinska Barbara , Ngala Sophia , Mkandawire Bertha , Maling'a Joyce , Wajenkeche Elizabeth , Kimani Paul M. , Boesch Christine , Stewart Derek , Hancock Robert D. , Foyer Christine H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMicronutrient deficiencies (hidden hunger), particularly in iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), remain one of the most serious public health challenges, affecting more than three billion people globally. A number of strategies are used to ameliorate the problem of micronutrient deficiencies and to improve the nutritional profile of food products. These include (i) dietary diversification, (ii) industrial food fortification and supplements, (iii) agronomic approaches including soil mineral fertilisation, bioinoculants and crop rotations, and (iv) biofortification through the implementation of biotechnology including gene editing and plant breeding. These efforts must consider the dietary patterns and culinary preferences of the consumer and stakeholder acceptance of new biofortified varieties. Deficiencies in Zn and Fe are often linked to the poor nutritional status of agricultural soils, resulting in low amounts and/or poor availability of these nutrients in staple food crops such as common bean. This review describes the genes and processes associated with Fe and Zn accumulation in common bean, a significant food source in Africa that plays an important role in nutritional security. We discuss the conventional plant breeding, transgenic and gene editing approaches that are being deployed to improve Fe and Zn accumulation in beans. We also consider the requirements of successful bean biofortification programmes, highlighting gaps in current knowledge, possible solutions and future perspectives.