bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Staphylococci isolated from cats in Italy with superficial pyoderma and allergic dermatitis: Characterisation of isolates and their resistance to antimicrobials
Authors: Cavana Paola , Robino Patrizia , Stella Maria Cristina , Bellato Alessandro , Crosaz Odile , Fiora Sara Rebecca , Nebbia Patrizia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn cats, superficial pyoderma traditionally is considered rare and few reports are available. There is a particular lack of studies concerning Staphylococcus species associated with pyoderma in subjects affected by allergic skin diseases.Hypothesis/objectives(i) To evaluate the association between Staphylococcus spp. and superficial pyoderma in allergic cats and (ii) to characterise isolated staphylococci and analyse their antimicrobial resistance patterns.AnimalsForty‐one cats with allergic dermatitis and superficial pyoderma in Italy.Materials and MethodsSkin swabs were cultured for the isolation of Staphylococcus spp. Species identification was performed by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionisation time of flight mass spectrometry and 16S‐rRNA sequencing. Staphylococcus aureus isolates were further characterised by staphylococcal protein A gene‐typing. Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed by the disk diffusion method.ResultsStaphylococci were isolated from 36/41 cats sampled and 39 different isolates were identified. Uneven distribution of staphylococcal species was observed among different body locations. The 39 isolates were S. aureus (n = 15), S. felis (n = 10), S. pseudintermedius (n = 8) and other staphylococci (n = 6). Eight different S. aureus spa‐types associated with human clonal complexes were identified. Antimicrobial resistance was observed to penicillin (56.4%), tetracycline (46.2%), enrofloxacin (33.3%), erythromycin (28.2%), amikacin (25.6%), clindamycin (23.1%), marbofloxacin (15.4%), gentamicin (12.8%), trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole (10.3%), chloramphenicol (7.7%) and cefoxitin/oxacillin (5.1%). Fifteen isolates (38.4%) were multidrug‐resistant while meticillin resistance was associated only with S. pseudintermedius.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThese results confirm that S. aureus, S. pseudintermedius, and S. felis are frequently associated with superficial pyoderma in allergic cats. Semi‐synthetic penicillins remain a suitable first‐line treatment in this study, yet the high prevalence of antimicrobial resistant isolates suggests that antimicrobial susceptibility testing should be performed routinely.
Surgical description and outcome of ultrasound‐guided minimally invasive parathyroidectomy in 50 dogs with primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Young Kenneth M. , Degner Daniel A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the surgical technique and clinical outcome of minimally invasive parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in the dog.AnimalsFifty client‐owned dogs with PHPT that underwent minimally invasive parathyroidectomy.Study designRetrospective cohort study.MethodsAn ultrasound‐guided mini lateral approach was made via a plane established between the sternocephalicus muscle and sternohyoideus muscles to expose the thyroid gland and enlarged parathyroid gland. Abnormal parathyroid glands were removed en bloc via partial thyroidectomy. The technique for bilateral disease was similar, the skin incision was made on midline and moved laterally to develop the above‐mentioned plane of dissection. Age, sex, breed, bodyweight, ultrasound findings, histopathological diagnosis, surgical time, preoperative clinical signs, and clinical outcome were extracted from the records for descriptive statistics.ResultsA total of 62 glands were surgically removed, including 17 hyperplastic glands (17/62, 27.4%), 34 adenomas (34/62, 54.8%), and two carcinomas (2/62, 3.2%). Hypercalcemia resolved shortly after surgery in 44 dogs (44/45, 97.8%). One dog had recurrent hypercalcemia (1/45, 2.2%), one dog had persistent hypercalcemia (1/45, 2.2%), two dogs had permanent hypocalcemia requiring life‐long calcitriol supplementation (2/45, 4.4%), and one dog died from clinical hypocalcemia (1/45, 2.2%).ConclusionMinimally invasive parathyroidectomy was associated with a low morbidity and led to favorable outcomes in 44/45 dogs in this series.Clinical significanceThe results of this study supports the use of minimally invasive parathyroidectomy to treat PHPT in dogs.
Bio‐efficacy of different post‐emergence herbicides in mungbean
Authors: Nath Chaitanya P. , Kumar Narendra , Hazra Kali K. , Praharaj Chandra S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWeeds result in a significant yield loss in mungbean (Vigna radiata[L.] R. Wilczek). However, post‐emergence (POST) herbicides are limited in mungbean for broad‐spectrum weed control. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacies of different herbicides in mungbean to find a suitable broad‐spectrum POST herbicide. Nine herbicides, weed‐free check, and unweeded control treatments were tested in a randomised block design with three replications for two consecutive years. Among the tested herbicides, clodinafop‐propargyl + sodium‐acifluorfen 122.5 g a.i. ha−1applied at 15 days after sowing (DAS) reduced the broad‐leaved weed dry weight at 35 DAS and harvest by 55.8% and by 58.6% (p < 0.05) compared with the unweeded control respectively. Notably, it minimised the total weed dry weight by 23.1%–30.3% compared with the recommended herbicide pendimethalin 1 kg a.i. ha−1– quizalopfop‐p‐ethyl 100 g a.i. ha−1(p ≤ 0.05). Clodinafop‐propargyl + sodium‐acifluorfen had higher weed control index (58.2% at 35 DAS and 62.1% at harvest) over the remaining tested herbicides. Unweeded controls resulted in 51% yield loss compared with the clodinafop‐propargyl + sodium‐acifluorfen that did not differ from pendimethalin − quizalofop‐p‐ethyl for seed yield of mungbean. Decreasing order of treatment efficacy on mean grain yield across two years comprised the weed‐free check, clodinafop‐propargyl + sodium‐acifluorfen and pendimethalin − quiza‐lofop‐p‐ethyl, imazethapyr + imazamox, tembotrione, and topramezone. [Correction added on 10 November 2022, after first online publication: In the preceding sentence, changes have been made to the article content to improve clarity in this version.] Application of clodinafop‐propargyl + sodium‐acifluorfen led to the greatest increase in soil microbial biomass carbon, indicating higher levels of soil biological and rhizospheric activity. We suggest that clodinafop‐propargyl + sodium acifluorfen is a suitable broad‐spectrum option for weed management of mungbean.
Particle‐swarm based modelling reveals two distinct classes of CRHPVN neurons
Authors: Lameu Ewandson L. , Rasiah Neilen P. , Baimoukhametova Dinara V. , Loewen Spencer P. , Bains Jaideep S. , Nicola Wilten 
Published: October 2022

AbstractElectrophysiological recordings can provide detailed information of single neurons’ dynamical features and shed light on their response to stimuli. Unfortunately, rapidly modelling electrophysiological data for inferring network‐level behaviours remains challenging. Here, we investigate how modelled single neuron dynamics leads to network‐level responses in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), a critical nucleus for the mammalian stress response. Recordings of corticotropin releasing hormone neurons from the PVN (CRHPVN) were performed using whole‐cell current‐clamp. These, neurons, which initiate the endocrine response to stress, were rapidly and automatically fit to a modified adaptive exponential integrate‐and‐fire model (AdEx) with particle swarm optimization (PSO). All CRHPVN neurons were accurately fit by the AdEx model with PSO. Multiple sets of parameters were found that reliably reproduced current‐clamp traces for any single neuron. Despite multiple solutions, the dynamical features of the models such as the rheobase, fixed points, and bifurcations, were shown to be stable across fits. We found that CRHPVN neurons can be divided into two subtypes according to their bifurcation at the onset of firing: CRHPVN‐integrators and CRHPVN‐resonators. The existence of CRHPVN‐resonators was then directly confirmed in a follow‐up patch‐clamp hyperpolarization protocol which readily induced post‐inhibitory rebound spiking in 33% of patched neurons. We constructed networks of CRHPVN model neurons to investigate the network level responses of CRHPVN neurons. We found that CRHPVN‐resonators maintain baseline firing in networks even when all inputs are inhibitory. The dynamics of a small subset of CRHPVN neurons may be critical to maintaining a baseline firing tone in the PVN.
imageKey points
Corticotropin‐releasing hormone neurons (CRHPVN) in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus act as the final neural controllers of the stress response.
We developed a computational modelling platform that uses particle swarm optimization to rapidly and accurately fit biophysical neuron models to patched CRHPVN neurons.
A model was fitted to each patched neuron without the use of dynamic clamping, or other procedures requiring sophisticated inputs and fitting algorithms. Any neuron undergoing standard current clamp step protocols for a few minutes can be fitted by this procedure
The dynamical analysis of the modelled neurons shows that CRHPVN neurons come in two specific ‘flavours’: CRHPVN‐resonators and CRHPVN‐integrators. We directly confirmed the existence of these two classes of CRHPVN neurons in subsequent experiments.
Network simulations show that CRHPVN‐resonators are critical to retaining the baseline firing rate of the entire network of CRHPVN neurons as these cells can fire rebound spikes and bursts in the presence of strong inhibitory synaptic input.
Beam-Based Lattice Topology Transition With Function Representation
Authors: Letov Nikita , Fiona Zhao Yaoyao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A lattice structure is a porous periodic structure with unit cells organized according to a pattern. Lattice structures are lightweight parts that are commonly produced by additive manufacturing techniques. Lattice structures require their topology defined, which effectively defines the connectivity of their unit cell. Many of these topologies are beam based, i.e., their unit cell is represented by a network of nodes connected with beams. Such lattice structures require a geometric modeling tool capable of generating their solid model. This article presents a method to support the topology transition for beam-based lattice structures by controlling the geometric parameters of topologies. This control is made possible with the function representation of the geometry. This work also analyzes how suitable different beam-based lattice topologies are to support the transition. A few case studies are carried out to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method.
Modeling Flexible Multi-Body Systems Within the Udwadia–Kalaba Framework, a Lumped Parameter Approach
Authors: Yap Edward J. H. , Rezgui Djamel , Lowenberg Mark H. , Neild Simon A. , Rahman Khosru 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
It is common practice within multi-body dynamic (MBD) modeling to assume that individual bodies are rigid however this can be an oversimplification especially when slender bodies are present resulting in inaccurate estimations of the system's natural frequencies and overall behavior. To address this shortfall, we extend the Udwadia–Kalaba (U–K) MBD formulation in this paper to model flexible multibody systems for purposes of exploring system natural frequencies. To model the flexibility, a lumped parameter approach is proposed, which in this work idealizes a flexible beam as a series of discrete rigid elements connected by torsional springs. In the U–K formulation, a mechanical system can also be discretized into rigid elements and adapted. This is viewed as a benefit for incorporating a lumped parameter approach within the U–K formulation to model flexible multibody systems. A flexible crank-slider mechanism is introduced and modeled within the Udwadia–Kalaba formulation to capture the dynamics of flexibility through linkage compliance. The model is validated against an alternatively formulated MBD model and system natural frequencies and mode shapes numerically predicted. Results of the study show the effectiveness and potential of extending the application of the Udwadia–Kalaba formulation by using a lumped parameter approach to dynamically model flexible multibody systems.
Tawaf – cleansing our souls: A model of supervision for Muslims
Authors: Akhter Selina 
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION: Cultural supervision with Māori (tangata whenua) in social work has been a focus of practice in Aotearoa New Zealand. New approaches to address the cultural needs of Māori social workers and those of other cultural backgrounds have been developed. This article portrays a model of cultural supervision for Muslim social workers in Aotearoa.APPROACH: The broader methodological structure of this reflective account is a kaupapa Māori framework and Rangahau (a Wānanga response to research). Rangahau is the traditional Māori methodology of inquiry utilising mātauranga Māori and āhuatanga Māori – traditional Māori bodies of knowledge from the context of a Māori world view. Critical self-reflection and use of reflective journals are used as methods of the rangahau.FINDINGS: A model of supervision is presented which is tawaf, a ritual of haj – one of the pillars of Islam. Muslims (who follow Islam as a religion) perform haj (pilgrimage) to receive hedayet (spiritual guidance) to cleanse their nafs (soul). In this model, the phases of tawaf have been applied to structure and guide social work supervision sessions designed for Muslim social workers. Some important values of Islam such as tawbah, sabr, shukr, tawakkul, and takwa, have been integrated into the model as every action of Muslims is value-based. The model combines both nafs and a value-based approach in supervision.IMPLICATIONS: Tawaf represents the Islamic worldview and aims to deconstruct and reconstruct supervisees’ practice and assumptions. This will be used in the context of cultural supervision with Muslim social workers by Muslim supervisors.
The role of contextual knowledge through the eyes of a resettlement social worker
Authors: Fitzgerald Hawa 
Published: October 2022

It is commonly known that social workers are required to possess wide-ranging knowledge. Furthermore, a multi-dimensional approach to social work knowledge is required to help social workers make decisions in their practice. Thus, for many social workers, it is almost impossible to emphasise only one dimension of knowledge over others. One area of social work that is of particular interest is resettlement for former refugees. The knowledge required for social workers practising in refugee resettlement must include contextual knowledge of both local and global contexts. This article is a reflection from a resettlement social worker, who shares her own practice journey in working with former refugees in Aotearoa New Zealand. As part of this reflection, the social worker shares her experience in utilising different types of knowledge to inform decision-making processes in her practice. She hopes this article can encourage further reflections in our social work practice with former refugees to become more culturally sensitive, effective and contextual to each social work scenario.
Diaphragm electrical activity during weaning of nasal high-flow therapy in preterm infants
Authors: Naples Rebecca , Fenton Alan C , Brodlie Malcolm , Harigopal Sundeep , O'Brien Chris 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveTo determine whether electrical activity of the diaphragm (Edi) changes with weaning nasal high-flow (HF) therapy in preterm infants according to a standardised protocol.DesignProspective observational cohort study.SettingNeonatal intensive care unit.PatientsPreterm infants born at <32 weeks gestation, receiving nasal HF as part of routine clinical care.InterventionsInfants recruited to the study had their HF weaned according to set clinical criteria. Edi was measured using a modified gastric feeding tube serially from baseline (pre-wean) to 24-hours post-wean.Main outcome measuresChange in Edi from baseline was measured at four time points up to 24 hours after weaning. Minimum Edi during expiration, maximum Edi during inspiration and amplitude of the Edi signal (Edidelta) were measured. Clinical parameters (heart rate, respiratory rate and fraction of inspired oxygen) were also recorded.ResultsForty preterm infants were recruited at a mean corrected gestational age of 31.6 (±2.7) weeks. Data from 156 weaning steps were analysed, 91% of which were successful. Edi did not change significantly from baseline during flow reduction steps, but a significant increase in diaphragm activity was observed when discontinuing HF (median increase in Edideltaimmediately post-discontinuation 1.7 µV (95% CI: 0.6 to 3.0)) and at 24 hours 1.9 µV (95% CI: 0.7 to 3.8)). No significant difference in diaphragm activity was observed between successful and unsuccessful weaning steps.ConclusionsA protocolised approach to weaning has a high probability of success. Edi does not change with reducing HF rate, but significantly increases with discontinuation of HF from 2 L/min.
Tripartite antigen-agnostic combination immunotherapy cures established poorly immunogenic tumors
Authors: Borchmann Sven , Selenz Carolin , Lohmann Mia , Ludwig Hanna , Gassa Asmae , Brägelmann Johannes , Lohneis Philipp , Meder Lydia , Mattlener Julia , Breid Sara , Nill Marieke , Fassunke Jana , Wisdom Amy J. , Compes Anik , Gathof Birgit , Alakus Hakan , Kirsch David , Hekmat Khosro , Büttner Reinhard , Reinhardt H. Christian , Hallek Michael , Ullrich Roland T. 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundSingle-agent immunotherapy has shown remarkable efficacy in selected cancer entities and individual patients. However, most patients fail to respond. This is likely due to diverse immunosuppressive mechanisms acting in a concerted way to suppress the host anti-tumor immune response. Combination immunotherapy approaches that are effective in such poorly immunogenic tumors mostly rely on precise knowledge of antigenic determinants on tumor cells. Creating an antigen-agnostic combination immunotherapy that is effective in poorly immunogenic tumors for which an antigenic determinant is not known is a major challenge.MethodsWe use multiple cell line and poorly immunogenic syngeneic, autochthonous, and autologous mouse models to evaluate the efficacy of a novel combination immunotherapy named tripartite immunotherapy (TRI-IT). To elucidate TRI-ITs mechanism of action we use immune cell depletions and comprehensive tumor and immune infiltrate characterization by flow cytometry, RNA sequencing and diverse functional assays.ResultsWe show that combined adoptive cellular therapy (ACT) with lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytokine-induced killer cells, Vγ9Vδ2-T-cells (γδ-T-cells) and T-cells enriched for tumor recognition (CTLs) display synergistic antitumor effects, which are further enhanced by cotreatment with anti-PD1 antibodies. Most strikingly, the full TRI-IT protocol, a combination of this ACT with anti-PD1 antibodies, local immunotherapy of agonists against toll-like receptor 3, 7 and 9 and pre-ACT lymphodepletion, eradicates and induces durable anti-tumor immunity in a variety of poorly immunogenic syngeneic, autochthonous, as well as autologous humanized patient-derived models. Mechanistically, we show that TRI-IT coactivates adaptive cellular and humoral, as well as innate antitumor immune responses to mediate its antitumor effect without inducing off-target toxicity.ConclusionsOverall, TRI-IT is a novel, highly effective, antigen-agnostic, non-toxic combination immunotherapy. In this study, comprehensive insights into its preclinical efficacy, even in poorly immunogenic tumors, and mode of action are given, so that translation into clinical trials is the next step.
The Terreneuvian MacCodrum Brook section, Mira terrane, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada: age constraints from ash layers, organic-walled microfossils, and trace fossils
Authors: Barr Sandra M. , White Chris E. , Palacios Teodoro , Jensen Sören , van Rooyen Deanne , Crowley James L. 
Published: October 2022

The MacCodrum Formation is a classical “lower” Cambrian unit in southeastern Cape Breton Island stratigraphy, described since the 1800s. The age of this formation and its correlation with other Avalonian Cambrian units in eastern Newfoundland and southern New Brunswick have remained uncertain through numerous revisions. Here we present U-Pb CA-TIMS ages from an ash bed in the basal part of the MacCodrum Formation in its type-section on MacCodrum Brook that fix the maximum time of deposition at 531.86 ± 0.34 Ma. Organic-walled microfossils sampled throughout the MacCodrum Formation type-section yield acritarch taxa identifying the Asteridium– Comasphaerdium Zone, whereas the first acritarchs of the Skiagia– Fimbriaglomerella Zone appear in the overlying Canoe Brook Formation in other sections. The radiometric age and acritarch zonation place the MacCodrum Formation in the upper Fortunian, Cambrian Stage 2. Among trace fossils in the MacCodrum Formation, the meandering trace fossil Didymaulichnus dailyi comb. nov. is of particular note and morphologically identical to the type material from the lower part of the Ratcliffe Brook Formation in New Brunswick. The new radiometric and biostratigraphic data presented here provide the first firm constraints on the age of the MacCodrum Formation and enable more precise correlation with sections in southern New Brunswick and eastern Newfoundland.
Compatibility of big bang nucleosynthesis in some modified gravities
Authors: Sultan Abdul Malik , Jawad Abdul 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper is devoted to investigate the implications of Einstein-Aether and modified Hořava–Lifshitz theories of gravity to the formation of light elements in the early universe named as big bang nucleosynthesis. We choose different models from these theories for a detailed investigation of big bang nucleosynthesis epoch and compare it with the observational bounds. That is, we compare the deviation of freeze-out temperature $$T_{_f}$$

T

f

with the $$\Lambda $$
Λ
CDM paradigm and use observational bounds on $$\left| \frac{\Delta T_{_f}}{T_{_f}}\right| $$

Δ

T

f

T

f

to inspect constraints on the involved free parameters of these models. We apply Chi-square test on the Hubble parameter H in each model to analyze the compatibility of model parameters with the observations and find consistent results. We find that chosen models of Einstein-Aether gravity and modified Hořava–Lifshitz gravity can satisfy big bang nucleosynthesis constraints and thus constitute a viable cosmology since they can be source for dark energy sector and late-time accelerated expansion.
Superintegrability for ($$\beta $$-deformed) partition function hierarchies with W-representations
Authors: Wang Rui , Liu Fan , Zhang Chun-Hong , Zhao Wei-Zhong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe construct the ($$\beta $$β-deformed) partition function hierarchies withW-representations. Based on theW-representations, we analyze the superintegrability property and derive their character expansions with respect to the Schur functions and Jack polynomials, respectively. Some well known superintegrable matrix models such as the Gaussian hermitian one-matrix model (in the external field),$$N\times N$$N×Ncomplex matrix model,$$\beta $$β-deformed Gaussian hermitian and rectangular complex matrix models are contained in the constructed hierarchies.