bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controller Cultures
Authors: D'Errico Mike 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Throughout the history of hip-hop and EDM, the process of mixing vinyl records between two turntable decks has become standard practice for DJs, enhancing the perceived “live” presence of the DJ. However, the increasing presence of software in the DJ booth has thrown into question the nature of performance within dance music communities. In an attempt to heighten the sense of physicality when working with seemingly intangible software, producers and DJs have increasingly integrated button-based hardware “controllers” into their creative workflows. This chapter makes the connection between musical controllers and video game controllers, examining how hardware peripherals have allowed musicians to physically embody the gestural affordances of software. Combining design analyses of MIDI devices and game controllers with analyses of performance techniques from electronic musicians, the chapter posits the shift from “turntablism” to “controllerism” as exemplary of trends toward the emergence of a “controller culture” more broadly.
There’s an App for That
Authors: D'Errico Mike 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In addition to altering the everyday bodily comportments and embodied relationships between individuals and technology, mobile interfaces reconfigure practices of digital labor. As the rhetoric of personal productivity continuously embeds itself into the everyday practice of ubiquitous computing, the line between individual creativity and crowdfunded, corporate labor becomes increasingly blurred. Through design analyses of mobile music-making apps, this chapter examines two parallel developments in “upgrade culture”—downloadable content (DLC) in digital games, and the app model of digital distribution. Together, these phenomena reify an ideology of technological solutionism, in which users are encouraged to consume as many digital commodities as possible for their purported abilities to solve virtually any task. In turn, companies use this ideology to encourage free labor among their consumers, who work under the guise of creativity and play within a perceptibly unrestricted virtual community.
Worlds of Sound
Authors: D'Errico Mike 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In his 1996 talk “Generative Music,” Brian Eno describes the principle that formed the basis of his philosophy of ambient music: “the idea that it’s possible to think of a system or a set of rules which once set in motion will create music for you.” With the rise of procedural generation in media design, more broadly, this desire for self-generating “environments” would seemingly materialize in the multisensory space of video games. Through an examination of “indie” games such as Minecraft, Proteus, and Fract OSC, this chapter highlights how the application of generative music across media has opened up new forms of HCI— defined here as emergent interfaces. Through analyses of sound design practices in the Unity game engine, the chapter shows how emergent interfaces encourage dynamic, relational modes of HCI in which sound heightens the players’ ethical sense of embodied self in the fragile ecology of the (virtual) world.
Deep Listening
Authors: D'Errico Mike 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Throughout the history of the recording industry, the creative practices of mixing and mastering engineers were viewed simultaneously as a dark art and a highly specialized skill set requiring years of training in critical listening. In the 2010s, the implementation of AI algorithms and deep learning techniques in mixing and mastering plug-ins made these techniques available to casual users with a single button click. This chapter surveys the emergence of automation in the creative workflows of music producers, from AI drum machines and composition algorithms to the mixing and mastering “assistants” available in iZotope’s suite of plug-ins. How have automated tools for music composition, postproduction, and distribution affected divisions of labor in the recording industry? Further, how might the ocular-centric design of software plug-ins shape the nature of musical listening, especially amid twenty-first-century debates about automation and digital surveillance?
Romanticism: The Retreat to Subjectivity
Authors: Stewart Jon 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Chapter 3 is dedicated to exploring Hegel’s considerations of religion as a reaction to some key trends found in the Romantic movement. Although Romanticism is usually understood as a critical response to the Enlightenment, it can in many ways be seen as a natural continuation of it. The chapter begins with a discussion of the notion of religion found in Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s portrayal of the nameless Savoyard priest from Book IV of Emile. The Savoyard priest rejects all forms of academic philosophy and theology. Instead, he finds the true locus of religion in the conscience of the individual. A section is dedicated to Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi’s Concerning the Doctrine of Spinoza in Letters to Herr Moses Mendelssohn from 1785. Ultimately rationalist and scientific explanations are, for Jacobi, only a second-order kind of knowing. According to Jacobi, there is a higher knowing or immediate certainty that we call ‘faith’. Hegel argues that this distinction between immediate and mediated knowledge breaks down when one begins to examine it in more detail since the two are dialectically related. An account is given of Schleiermacher’s theory of intuition and immediate feeling. Hegel believes that the Romantic movement reduces faith to something inward and subjective. By contrast, he thinks that the proper conception of faith is one that recognizes some objective external doctrine. Without this, religion reduces to a form of relativism.
Migration
Authors: Koczan Zsoka , Peri Giovanni , Pinat Magali , Rozhkov Dmitriy 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
International migration is an important channel of material improvement for individuals and their offspring. The movement of people across country borders, especially from less developed to richer countries, has a substantial impact in several dimensions. First, it affects the migrants themselves by allowing them to achieve higher income as a result of their higher productivity in the destination country. It also increases the expected income for their offspring. Second, it affects the destination country through the impact on labor markets, productivity, innovation, demographic structure, fiscal balance, and criminality. Third, it can have a significant impact on the countries of origin. It may lead to loss of human capital, but it also creates a flow of remittances and increases international connections in the form of trade, FDI, and technological transfers. This chapter surveys our understanding of how migration affects growth and inequality through the impact on migrants themselves as well as on the destination and origin countries.
Macroeconomic Stability, Adjustment, and Debt
Authors: Davoodi Hamid R. , Montiel Peter , Ter-Martirosyan Anna 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe chapter surveys the literature on the relationship between macroeconomic stability and inclusive growth and identify gaps in our knowledge. It examines the role of macroeconomic policies (fiscal, monetary, macroprudential, and exchange rate) and measures of inclusiveness (income inequality, consumption inequality, wealth inequality, poverty, and unemployment) across countries at different income levels. Avoiding procyclical macroeconomic policies and mitigating macroeconomic volatility should be on the agenda of all policymakers concerned with promoting inclusive growth. The emerging theory and evidence suggest a strong role for macroeconomic policies in shaping inclusive growth, both in the short-run and the long-run. The two-way relationship between the macroeconomy and inequality underscores the challenge of identifying and estimating causal relationships. Models with heterogeneous agents have much to offer in this area.
Tax Policy
Authors: Abdel-Khader Khaled , Mooij Ruud De 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This chapter discusses the theory and practice of tax design to achieve an efficient and equitable outcome in support of inclusive growth. It starts with a discussion of the key principles from tax theory to guide practical tax design. Then, it elaborates on the practice of tax policy making, thereby discussing key choices in the structure of the personal income tax on labor, capital income, wealth, the corporate income tax, and consumption taxes. The chapter concludes by highlighting the political economy considerations of the issues with concrete recommendations as to how to implement tax reform.
The Political Economy of Inclusive Growth
Authors: Dutzler Barbara , Johnson Simon , Muthoora Priscilla 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This chapter reviews the role of the political economy in inclusive growth. A key finding is that political economy forces on the demand and supply side have weakened redistribution over time and contributed to a new wave of populism. The chapter documents growing support for a rethink of the social contract to make growth more inclusive and discuss some of its broad elements.
Sharing Resource Wealth and Addressing Fragility
Authors: Pouokam Nathalie 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis chapter discusses the main challenges faced by resource-rich nations in promoting equity; describes policy tools available for managing exhaustible natural resources; and analyzes the relationship between resource wealth and state fragility. The chapter argues that human capital accumulation, innovation, and technology diffusion can help escape the trap of low growth and resource dependence that plagues so many developing countries. But to make this possible, resource-rich nations must sustain strong citizen participation in the policy making to hold governments accountable and ensure the inclusive management of resource wealth.
The Execution and Return of Writs
Authors: McGovern Jonathan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The English common law required the issue and execution of innumerable writs: official slips of parchment commanding the sheriff to take some action in the king’s name. This chapter begins with an overview of the service of writs in the Tudor period, explaining the difference between original and judicial writs, and between the delivery of writs ‘of record’ and ‘off record’. Focussing on writs pertaining to litigation in personal actions, the chapter explains the function of various common writs, including capias and distringas, and how the sheriff was required to act on them. It focusses in particular on the sheriff’s responsibility for empanelling juries in response to writs of venire facias, examining the extent to which Tudor jury panels were marred by corruption. It concludes by analysing successful and unsuccessful attempts to reform the execution of process in this period.
Police Powers, Prison Keeping, and Other Duties
Authors: McGovern Jonathan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This chapter analyses the sheriff’s police powers, including his right to arrest suspected felons, traitors, and disturbers of the peace without a warrant from a court, and his responsibility of quelling riot and disorder. It also discusses his responsibilities of keeping prisons. High sheriffs and municipal sheriffs were charged with keeping four main categories of prisoner: those arrested on suspicion of wrongdoing, those arrested on an indictment, those arrested in the course of civil proceedings, and those arrested after judgment. The chapter also discusses the sheriff’s seizure of property forfeited by felons, traitors, heretics, and (from 1587) recusants; and his duty of making proclamation in the king’s name.
Political Limits
Authors: McPherson David 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This chapter explores the importance of limits in the political domain, starting with a discussion of the bonds and bounds of political community. It takes on the cosmopolitan outlook that rejects patriotism, which involves loyalty to one’s country and fellow citizens. Patriotism, it is contended, is important not only because it meets the human need for belonging but also, relatedly, because it enables democratic self-government and distributive justice. The second section argues against egalitarian views of distributive justice (with a focus on luck egalitarianism) and in favor of a sufficientarian view, where what matters is that everyone has enough. This sufficientarian view embraces the limiting virtue of contentment and with this a politics of imperfection, and so the third section argues against utopianism, including what is called “ideal theory” in political philosophy. The fourth and final section discusses the importance of the limiting virtue of moderation in politics and, in connection with this, the importance of limiting government. Many of the most important pursuits in life, it is contended, lie outside of the political domain, and politics should make space for these pursuits.
Willing Pain in Harriet Jacobs’s Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl
Authors: Constantinesco Thomas 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This chapter explores how Harriet Jacobs’s Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl (1861) exposes the problematic function of pain in the disciplinary apparatus of slavery and in the constitution of Black subjectivity. It considers how Jacobs illuminates the contradiction of slavery’s biopolitical power, which treated enslaved men and women as both possessing and not possessing a will. As property, the chapter shows, enslaved people had no will, only a body that did not belong to them; as legal persons, they were granted a negative will of criminal intent, which returned them to their commodified body, experienced through the pain of forced labor and corporeal punishment. The chapter demonstrates however that, rather than seeking to escape from body to will, Jacobs’s journey from enslavement to emancipation takes the form of a looping structure, whereby she comes to will her own pain of body and mind through her escape in the “loophole of retreat” she finds in her grandmother’s garret. It further argues that the narrativization of her pain complicates the equivalence between literacy and liberation that underwrites slave narratives, as much as it challenges the conventions of sentimentalism that Incidents nevertheless deploys. It eventually makes the claim that, by willing pain as a paradoxical source of agency, Jacobs’s narrative reveals how pain is integral both to the reappropriation of embodied selfhood and to the familial and social bonds she strives to recover after her flight from enslavement.
Anti-Methodism and Theological Controversy in Eighteenth-Century England
Authors: Lewis Simon 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
John Wesley and George Whitefield are remembered as founders of Methodism, one of the most influential movements in the history of modern Christianity. Characterized by open-air and itinerant preaching, eighteenth-century Methodism was a divisive phenomenon, which attracted a torrent of printed opposition, especially from Anglican clergymen. Yet most of these opponents have been virtually forgotten. Anti-Methodism and Theological Controversy in Eighteenth-Century England is the first large-scale examination of the theological ideas of early anti-Methodist authors. By illuminating a very different perspective on Methodism, Simon Lewis provides a fundamental reappraisal of the eighteenth-century Church of England and its doctrinal priorities. For anti-Methodist authors, attacking Wesley and Whitefield was part of a wider defence of ‘true religion’, which demonstrates the theological vitality of the much-derided Georgian Church. This book, therefore, places Methodism firmly in its contemporary theological context, as part of the Church of England’s continuing struggle to define itself theologically.
Epilogue and Conclusion
Authors: Lewis Simon 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This chapter stresses the importance of history. Far from viewing Methodism as an innovative movement, anti-Methodist authors associated John Wesley and George Whitefield’s ministries with the past. There was, however, no single conception of the past which united the theologically diverse range of authors who attacked Methodism. Thus, there was no homogeneous definition of ‘Methodism’ on which opponents could agree. This disparity was a product of the fierce contests over the doctrinal makeup of the eighteenth-century Church of England. For orthodox divines, attacking Methodism formed merely part of a wider defence of ‘true religion’—an agenda that also underpinned their attacks on deism and Dissent. As has been shown throughout this book, the various doctrinal concerns about Methodism—such as antinomianism and schism—should not be viewed in isolation from the various socio-political objections that were posed to Wesley and Whitefield. Nevertheless, these evangelical leaders shared many of their orthodox opponents’ doctrinal priorities, thus illuminating the theological vitality of the Georgian Church.
‘Strange passages in divers suits’
Authors: Peacey Jason 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This chapter traces the first era of the Warrens Court dispute, from the 1560s to 1615, during which it was passed down through successive generations of litigants who laid claim to the inheritance of lands leased from the master of the free grammar school in Wotton-under-Edge. It pieces together fragmentary evidence to map the legal moves made by both sides, demonstrating how arguments changed when circumstances altered and new disputants became involved; how it proved possible to contest both substantive issues as well as the manner in which litigation was undertaken; and how both sides found sufficient grounds for confidence regarding the chances of success.
‘Given to superstitious uses’
Authors: Peacey Jason 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This chapter completes the second part of the narrative of the Warrens Court dispute, from 1615 to 1662, the phase in which contestation revolved more obviously around the fate of a grammar school that had been founded in 1384. It was the school that owned the Warrens Court estate, and it was eventually alleged that control of the estate formed part of an attempt to ‘suppress’ a charitable institution. Making the school the centrepiece of litigation raised controversial issues, relating to chantry lands, ‘concealed’ lands, and ‘charitable uses’, and threw up increasingly contentious claims about the behaviour of those involved. This ensured that disputation reached Parliament and the crown, and became increasingly public and acrimonious, eventually escalating into a libel case before Star Chamber, and reverberating throughout the civil wars and Interregnum.
‘A huntsman after broken titles’
Authors: Peacey Jason 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This chapter turns to the behaviour of Benjamin Crokey, examining surviving evidence about his attitude, strategies, and tactics, as well as the claims made about his lack of legal ability—and indeed sanity—by John Smyth. It suggests that, whether or not he lacked legal acumen, Crokey certainly demonstrated a capacity to behave in an entrepreneurial fashion, as petitioner, lobbyist, and pamphleteer, and that, while his conduct certainly perplexed some contemporaries, its logic can also be appreciated. What certainly emerges is that Crokey was prompted to reflect upon the judicial and political systems that he encountered, and that his approach to disputation needs to be understood in relation to his sense of what was ‘right’, and to his concern over the likelihood of being able to secure ‘justice’ from the legal system.
‘For your sake I sent this down’
Authors: Peacey Jason 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This chapter focuses upon the reverberations of one of the dispute’s most important episodes, when Benjamin Crokey and his associates distributed copies of one of his pamphlets to MPs, peers, and officials at Westminster, before distributing them more widely—if selectively—around London and the West Country. Utilising evidence from John Smyth’s forensic investigation, it refines our appreciation of the strategies and tactics of both men, in terms of Crokey’s ability to undertake an audacious publicity campaign from within prison, and Smyth’s ability to use his wealth and influence to collate evidence with which to construct a libel case, as well as Crokey’s ability to frustrate legal proceedings by exploiting sympathy in Parliament. Overall, this chapter provides a dramatic case study of the use and power of print in early modern England.
Separation of powers ≠ presidentialism
Authors: Ganghof Steffen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe separation of powers between executive and assembly is often conflated with the presidential form of government, as if one could not be had without the other. Prevalent typologies in political science facilitate this conflation because they limit themselves to dichotomies or trichotomies. This chapter evaluates forms of government along two separable analytical dimensions: the separation of powers and executive personalism, that is, “the degree to which the power of the executive is constitutionally focused on a single human being.” It distinguishes six basic forms of government and highlights how three of them can be understood as efforts to reap some or all of the benefits of the powers separation while limiting executive personalism: elected prime-ministerial government in Israel (from 1992 to 2001), assembly-independent government in Switzerland, and semi-parliamentary government in Australia. Semi-parliamentary government is unique in achieving powers separation without any executive personalism.
Why we need the concept of semi-parliamentary government
Authors: Ganghof Steffen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis chapter specifies and defends the concept of semi-parliamentary government. It provides an operational definition of semi-parliamentarism and identifies the cases that fall under it. It shows that existing typologies in political science disregard this unique constitutional structure because they neglect how directly elected second chambers relate to the executive. The chapter also compares how well the cases that fall under the operational definition express the underlying logic of constitutional design. Finally, the chapter generalizes the analysis—and hence an ideal-typical definition of semi-parliamentarism—in two ways. First, it shows how semi-parliamentary government could balance fundamentally different visions of majority formation: partisan and individualist visions, electoral and sortitionist visions, democratic and epistocratic visions. Second, it explains why semi-parliamentary government does not require two separate chambers.
Are some forms of government more democratic than others?
Authors: Ganghof Steffen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis chapter explains the normative approach of the book and clarifies the distinction between instrumentalist and proceduralist evaluations of political institutions. It defends a minimalist form of proceduralism, which highlights the comparative evaluation of institutional schemes, as well as potential conflicts between horizontal and vertical equality. Based on these conceptual clarifications, the chapter rejects the idea that presidentialism is inherently more democratic in virtue of the direct election of the chief executive. It also rejects the notion that pure parliamentarism is inherently more egalitarian than semi-parliamentarism in virtue of giving all assembly members equal formal power over the cabinet.