bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Common Upper Extremity Injuries in Pediatric Athletes
Authors: Watkins Rhonda A. , De Borja Celina , Ramirez Faustine 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The aim of this study is to review the most recent literature on common upper extremity injuries in pediatric athletes and discuss their diagnosis, management, and outcomes. We also highlight ultrasound as a tool in their evaluation.

Recent Findings
Shoulder conditions presented include little league shoulder, glenohumeral rotation deficit, acute traumatic shoulder dislocation, and multidirectional shoulder instability. Elbow conditions include capitellar OCD, medial epicondyle avulsion fracture, and medial epicondylitis. We also review scaphoid fractures and gymnast wrist. Not all physeal injuries lead to long-term growth disruption. Ultrasound has been shown to be useful in the diagnosis of scaphoid fracture, medial epicondyle avulsion fractures, and capitellar OCD. It can also be helpful in assessing risk for shoulder and elbow injuries in overhead athletes.

Summary
There is a rising burden of upper extremity injuries among pediatric athletes. Knowledge of their sport specific mechanics can be helpful in diagnosis. As long-term outcome data become available for these conditions, it is clear, proper diagnosis and management are critical to preventing adverse outcomes. We highlight many of these injuries, best practice in care, and controversies in care in hopes of improving outcomes and preventing injury for pediatric athletes.
Triangulating Surfaces with Bounded Energy
Authors: Borodzik Maciej , Szczepanowska Monika 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe show that if a closed Lipschitz surface in $${\mathbb {R}}^n$$

R

n

has bounded Kolasinski–Menger energy, then it can be triangulated with triangles whose number is bounded by the energy and the area. Each of the triangles is an image of a subset of a plane under a diffeomorphism whose distortion is bounded by $$\sqrt{2}$$

2

.
Continuing the Classification of Homogeneous Kobayashi-Hyperbolic Manifolds with High-Dimensional Automorphism Group
Authors: Herrington Elliot 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe classify all homogeneous Kobayashi-hyperbolic manifolds of dimension$$n \ge 2$$n≥2whose group of holomorphic automorphisms has dimension either$$n^2 - 7$$n2-7or$$n^2 - 8.$$n2-8.This paper continues the work of A. Isaev, who classified all such manifolds with automorphism group dimension$$n^2 - 6$$n2-6and greater.
Racial Discrimination, Black Identity, and Critical Consciousness in Spain
Authors: Cea D’Ancona M.ª Ángeles 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article analyzes the relationship of racial discrimination on the identity and critical consciousness of 1369 African and Afro-descendant respondents to the first nationwide survey conducted in Spain in 2020. The survey not only showed the scope of experiences of discrimination based on skin color but has also opened the way for testing whether these experiences of racial discrimination end up affecting the identity and critical consciousness of black people, Africans, or Afro-descendants, based on the questions included in the survey and the rejection–identification hypothesis. According to the statistical models obtained by discriminant analysis, racial discrimination helps to strengthen racial identity. Having been discriminated by skin color was the variable that most differentiated those who self-identified with their country of origin from those who did not and the second most predictive of self-recognition as a black or Afro-descendant person. But when the influences of racial discrimination on racial identity and critical consciousness were jointly analyzed, applying structural equation modeling, the latter outweighed the former: racial discrimination contributes to the awakening black activism. Less clear seems to be the influence of racial identity on critical consciousness.
The Relation Between Socioeconomic Status and Risk Attitudes: A Nuclear Accident Scenario in Sweden
Authors: Rasmussen Joel , Ewald Jens 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Nuclear power plant (NPP) disasters are complex and dreaded scenarios. However, existing recovery plans presuppose that citizens will return to live in decontaminated areas following evacuation. Research on natural disasters has shown that high socioeconomic status (SES) influences people to continue living in their homes in recovery areas. This study examines the association between SES and citizens’ risk attitudes to a radiological emergency scenario and demonstrates instead that high SES implies a greater likeliness to move away from the accident-affected area. This is substantiated by survey data of Swedish citizens’ (N = 2,291) attitudes to a scenario where an NPP accident, evacuation, and remediation occur. More specifically, the study provides statistically significant results to show that high income is associated with less worry over ionizing radiation. Still, high-income individuals also appear to be more likely to move if their neighborhood is affected by radioactive fallout than low-income individuals. Moreover, the results for education show that low education is associated with remaining in the decontamination area, and the relation between education and worry over ionizing radiation provides some support for assumptions about the “anxious middle.” Overall, this study finds that decontamination is complicated by a majority of people preferring permanent relocation as well as by indications that more resourceful citizens are generally more likely to leave the area permanently, which may impede the fulfillment of state agencies’ plans for recovery.
Research on prestressed loading strut of cable supported portal frame
Authors: Liu Shuhong , Wu Junqi , Wang Cong , Xin Yajun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this study, a novel type of loading strut device is presented, which is introduced in portal frame external prestressing reinforcement and used to constitute a cable-supported portal frame structural system. The strut device was found to be capable of elongating by rotating the middle screw and applying prestress to the steel strand in the system. In this study, the new loading strut is simulated and analyzed using the ANSYS finite element analysis software. Moreover, it is used for the reinforcement test of a practical project. During the test, the prestress load is applied through the novel strut, and the changes of strain, mid span deflection and prestress of the steel strand at the key positions before and after the reinforcement are investigated. Based on the analysis of the simulation and test results, it is found that this novel type of loading strut is simple, safe and reliable to operate, and could be employed in the cable-supported structure system without tensioning the steel strand to achieve loading.
A Meta-Regression Analysis of Consumer Willingness to Pay for Aquaculture Products
Authors: Smetana Kerri , Melstrom Richard T. , Malone Trey 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article uses meta-regression analysis to examine variation in willingness to pay (WTP) for farm-raised seafood and aquaculture products. We measure the WTP premiums that consumers have for common product attributes and examine how WTP varies systematically across study design elements, populations of interest, and sample characteristics. Based on metadata from 45 studies, the meta-regression analysis indicates that WTP estimates differ significantly with the availability of attributes such as domestic and environmental certification, but also with sample income and gender representation.
Barriers to Care for Poststroke Visual Deficits in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Manhas Kiran Pohar , Damji Karim , Brehon Katelyn , Jiang Jennis , Faris Peter , Costello Fiona 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT:Poststroke visual impairment (VI) negatively affects rehabilitation potential and quality of life for stroke survivors. In this cross-sectional observational study, stroke survivors and providers were surveyed to quantify perspectives regarding care for poststroke VI in Alberta, Canada (n = 46 survivors; n = 87 providers). Few patients (35%) felt prepared to cope with VI at the time of discharge from acute stroke and inpatient rehabilitation settings. Less than 25% of stroke survivors, and <16% of providers, felt referral processes were adequate. 95.2% of providers and 82% of stroke survivors advocated for a provincial clinical pathway to improve care quality for poststroke VI.
A novel maturity index for assessing medical device startups
Authors: Richmond Frances J. , Zapotoczny Grzegorz , Green Brian , Lokappa Sowmya , Rudnick Katy , Espinoza Juan ,   the ICRS-CTIP Collaborative for Regulatory Research
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground:Startup companies in the healthcare sector often fail because they lack sufficient entrepreneurial, regulatory, and business development expertise. Maturity models provide useful frameworks to assess the state of business elements more systematically than heuristic assessments. However, previous models were developed primarily to characterize the business state of larger nonmedical companies. A maturity index designed specifically for startup companies in the medical product sector could help to identify areas in which targeted interventions could assist business development.Methods:A novel MedTech Startup Maturity Index (SMI) was developed by a collaborative team of academic and industry experts and refined through feedback from external stakeholders. Pediatric medical device startups associated with the West Coast Consortium for Technology & Innovation in Pediatrics (CTIP) were scored and ranked according to the SMI following semi-structured interviews. The CTIP executive team independently ranked the maturity of each company based on their extensive experiences with the same companies.Results:SMI scores for 16 companies ranged from 1.2 to 3.8 out of 4. These scores were well aligned with heuristic CTIP rankings for 14 out of 16 companies, reflected by strong correlations between the two datasets (Spearman’s rho = 0.721,P= 0.002, and Kendall’s tau-b = 0.526,P= 0.006).Conclusions:The SMI yields maturity scores that correlate well with expert rankings but can be assessed without prior company knowledge and can identify specific areas of concern more systematically. Further research is required to generalize and validate the SMI as a pre-/post-evaluation tool.
Crossing the line: Effect of border representation in perceptual dialectology
Authors: Benson Erica J. , Williams Anneli 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the effect of differing representations of state boundaries on the draw-a-map task in perceptual dialectology in a region of the United States. The typical draw-a-map survey instrument represents state borders with solid lines. Would respondents react differently to maps with dashed-line state borders? More specifically, would respondents draw more dialect areas that cross state lines on maps with dashed-line state borders versus solid-line state borders? These questions are explored through two datasets, and similarities and differences emerge. For example, respondents of both map types draw more single-state dialect areas than multistate dialect areas, and respondents with dashed-line maps draw more dialect areas on average than respondents with solid state maps. While dataset 1 showed a significant association between map type and multistate dialect area with respondents using dashed-line border maps drawing more multistate dialect areas than respondents with solid-line maps,H(1) = 5.13,P= .017, this association was not significant in dataset 2,H(1) = .06,P= .798.
ALMOST THEOREMS OF HYPERARITHMETIC ANALYSIS
Authors: SHORE RICHARD A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTheorems of hyperarithmetic analysis (THAs) occupy an unusual neighborhood in the realms of reverse mathematics and recursion theoretic complexity. They lie above all the fixed (recursive) iterations of the Turing Jump but below ATR
$_{0}$
(and so
$\Pi _{1}^{1}$
-CA
$_{0}$
or the hyperjump). There is a long history of proof theoretic principles which are THAs. Until Barnes, Goh, and Shore [ta] revealed an array of theorems in graph theory living in this neighborhood, there was only one mathematical denizen. In this paper we introduce a new neighborhood of theorems which are almost theorems of hyperarithmetic analysis (ATHAs). When combined with ACA
$_{0}$
they are THAs but on their own they are very weak. We generalize several conservativity classes (
$\Pi _{1}^{1}$
, r-
$\Pi _{2}^{1}$
, and Tanaka) and show that all our examples (and many others) are conservative over RCA
$_{0}$
in all these senses and weak in other recursion theoretic ways as well. We provide denizens, both mathematical and logical. These results answer a question raised by Hirschfeldt and reported in Montalbán [2011] by providing a long list of pairs of principles one of which is very weak over RCA
$_{0}$
but over ACA
$_{0}$
is equivalent to the other which may be strong (THA) or very strong going up a standard hierarchy and at the end being stronger than full second order arithmetic.
Adding Insult to Injury: The Justification Frame in Official Narratives of Officer-Involved Killings
Authors: Burch Traci 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article identifies the justification frame as a common narrative used by public officials to justify the use of lethal force by police. Officials deploy the justification frame to obfuscate the use of force or claim that victims posed a threat to officers in order to justify civilian deaths. I examine initial statements given in the aftermath of officer-involved deaths in 2016, focusing on incidents where an on-duty officer used force against victims who did not pose a threat when they were killed. I find that elements of the justification frame appear frequently in the explanations issued after these incidents. Statements about Black decedents are more likely to deploy the justification frame.
Biographies of Labor Activists: Trajectories, Daringness, and Challenges
Authors: Fortes Alexandre , Schmidt Benito Bisso 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis comment discusses three topics. First, John French's biography of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva is located in the broader trajectory of the production of biographical narratives of activists under the auspices of the historiography of the labour movement. Second, French's daring gesture of comparing the trajectories of Lula and August Bebel, who lived in such different contexts, and the impact of this in terms of a more sophisticated understanding of labour history in Brazil is discussed. Finally, we look at some of the challenges faced by writers of biographies of working-class leaders, notably in relation to the intersectionality between class, race, and gender.
Be Explicit: Identifying and Addressing Misaligned Goals in Collaborative Research Teams
Authors: Haas Nicholas 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTThe misalignment of goals among researchers, external organizational partners (OPs), and study participants is thought to pose a challenge to the successful implementation of collaborative research projects. However, the goals of different collaborative team members almost never are elicited, making identification of misalignment and its potential consequences a difficult task. In this evaluation of a United Nations Nonviolent Communication Program conducted in Bangladesh, the Maldives, and Sri Lanka, I collected qualitative and quantitative data on OPs’ and study participants’ expected program impacts. I find that there are differences in OP and participant goals and that misalignment appears to bear some responsibility for participant dissatisfaction with the program. I also observe evidence that as the program progressed, participants’ expected program impacts began to more closely approximate those of the OPs. I conclude with thoughts on the benefits of explicitly measuring research team goals and expectations and addressing their misalignment.
Total body irradiation using volumetric modulated arc therapy, experience of a cancer hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Sadaf Tabinda , Rashid Asma , Imam Bokhari Waqas , Samuel Eileen , Shahid Aqueel , Mukhtar Raheel , Zafar Umair , Iqbal Khalid 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
To report the planning parameters, efficacy and toxicity of total body irradiation using volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT).

Methods:
From July 2019 till May 2021, nine patients treated with VMAT-based total body irradiation as a part of the myeloablative regimen for homologous stem cell transplant were evaluated. The CT acquisition, planning parameters, doses to target volume and critical structures were evaluated retrospectively.

Results:
Median age was 24 with median height 172 cm. Average Mean Lung dose was 9·5 Gy, mean dose to kidney was kidney dose 8·4 Gy, planning target volume (PTV) 95% was 98 % and mean heterogeneity index of PTV was 1·2 all patients. Total fraction delivery time including setup was 3·1 h while beam on time was 23 min. Main toxicity observed was mucositis and fatigue, while no Grade 3 or more acute radiation toxicity was observed.

Conclusion:
At our institution, high dose TBI performed with multi-isocentric VMAT is now a standard procedure. Though it is cumbersome and time-consuming process but VMAT offers an advantage of increased dose homogeneity in the target volume with reduction in doses to critical organs especially lungs and kidneys in comparison to standard source to skin distance technique, longer follow-up time is necessary to evaluate our method and long-term toxicity.
Multi-degrees-of-freedom soft robotic ankle-foot orthosis for gait assistance and variable ankle support
Authors: Thalman Carly M. , Hertzell Tiffany , Debeurre Marielle , Lee Hyunglae 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the design, modeling, analysis, fabrication, and experimental characterization of the soft robotic ankle-foot orthosis (SR-AFO), which is a wearable soft robot designed for ankle assistance, and a pilot human study of its use. Using two novel pneumatically powered soft actuators, the SR-AFO is designed to assist the ankle in multiple degrees-of-freedom during standing and walking tasks. The flat fabric pneumatic artificial muscle (ff-PAM) contracts upon pressurization and assists ankle plantarflexion in the sagittal plane. The multi-material actuator for variable stiffness (MAVS) aids in supporting ankle inversion/eversion in the frontal plane. Analytical models of the ff-PAM and MAVS were created to understand how the changing of the design parameters affects tensile force generation and stiffness support, respectively. The models were validated by both finite element analysis and experimental characterization using a universal testing machine. A set of human experiments was performed with able-bodied participants to evaluate: (a) lateral ankle support during quiet standing, (b) lateral ankle support during walking over compliant surfaces, and (c) plantarflexion assistance during push-off in treadmill walking. Group results revealed increased lateral ankle stiffness during quiet standing with the MAVS active, reduced lateral ankle deflection while walking over compliant surfaces with the MAVS active, and reduced muscle effort in ankle platarflexors during 40–60% of the gait cycle with the dual ff-PAM active. The SR-AFO shows promising results in providing lateral ankle support and plantarflexion assistance with able-bodied participants, which suggests a potential to help restore the gait of impaired users in future trials.
Cardiomyocyte-specific knockout of ADAM17 ameliorates left ventricular remodeling and function in diabetic cardiomyopathy of mice
Authors: Xue Fei , Cheng Jing , Liu Yanping , Cheng Cheng , Zhang Meng , Sui Wenhai , Chen Wenqiang , Hao Panpan , Zhang Yun , Zhang Cheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAngiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has proven beneficial in attenuating diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) but has been found to be a substrate of a disintegrin and metalloprotease protein-17 (ADAM17). However, whether ADAM17 plays a role in the pathogenesis and intervention of DCM is obscure. In this study, we created cardiomyocyte-specific knockout of ADAM17 (A17α-MHCKO) mice, and left ventricular dimension, function, pathology and molecular biology were assessed in ADAM17fl/fl control, A17α-MHCKO control, ADAM17fl/fl diabetic and A17α-MHCKO diabetic mice. Both differentiated H9c2 cells and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) were used to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of ADAM17 on DCM. The results showed that protein expression and activity of ADAM17 were upregulated whereas the protein expression of ACE2 was downregulated in the myocardium of diabetic mice. Cardiomyocyte-specific knockout of ADAM17 mitigated cardiac fibrosis and cardiomyocyte apoptosis and ameliorated cardiac dysfunction in mice with DCM. Bioinformatic analyses detected a number of genes enriched in metabolic pathways, in particular the AMPK signaling pathway, expressed differentially between the hearts of A17α-MHCKO and ADAM17fl/fl diabetic mice. The mechanism may involve activated AMPK pathway, increased autophagosome formation and improved autophagic flux, which reduced the apoptotic response in cardiomyocytes. In addition, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) might act as an upstream mediator of upregulated ADAM17 and ADAM17 might affect AMPK signaling via α1 A-adrenergic receptor (ADRA1A). These results indicated that ADAM17 activity and ACE2 shedding were enhanced in DCM, which was reversed by cardiomyocyte-specific ADAM17 knockout. Thus, inhibition of ADAM17 may provide a promising approach to the treatment of DCM.
High-content imaging of human hepatic spheroids for researching the mechanism of duloxetine-induced hepatotoxicity
Authors: Liu Juan , Li Ruihong , Zhang Tingting , Xue Rui , Li Tingting , Li Zheng , Zhuang Xiaomei , Wang Qi , Chen Yu Ann , Dong Jiahong , Zhang Youzhi , Wang Yunfang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDuloxetine (DLX) has been approved for the successful treatment of psychiatric diseases, including major depressive disorder, diabetic neuropathy, fibromyalgia and generalized anxiety disorder. However, since the usage of DLX carries a manufacturer warning of hepatotoxicity given its implication in numerous cases of drug-induced liver injuries (DILI), it is not recommended for patients with chronic liver diseases. In our previous study, we developed an enhanced human-simulated hepatic spheroid (EHS) imaging model system for performing drug hepatotoxicity evaluation using the human hepatoma cell line HepaRG and the support of a pulverized liver biomatrix scaffold, which demonstrated much improved hepatic-specific functions. In the current study, we were able to use this robust model to demonstrate that the DLX-DILI is a human CYP450 specific, metabolism-dependent, oxidative stress triggered complex hepatic injury. High-content imaging analysis (HCA) of organoids exposed to DLX showed that the potential toxicophore, naphthyl ring in DLX initiated oxidative stress which ultimately led to mitochondrial dysfunction in the hepatic organoids, and vice versa. Furthermore, DLX-induced hepatic steatosis and cholestasis was also detected in the exposed EHSs. We also discovered that a novel compound S-071031B, which replaced DLX’s naphthyl ring with benzodioxole, showed dramatically lower hepatotoxicities through reducing oxidative stress. Thus, we conclusively present the human-relevant EHS model as an ideal, highly competent system for evaluating DLX induced hepatotoxicity and exploring related mechanisms in vitro. Moreover, HCA use on functional hepatic organoids has promising application prospects for guiding compound structural modifications and optimization in order to improve drug development by reducing hepatotoxicity.