bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Goserelin versus Norethisterone in the Management of Menorrhagia with Uterine Fibroid
Authors: A. Rasheed Faris , N. Sulaiman Jwan , Abdul-Raheem Yousif 
Published: March 2022

Menorrhagia is common in patients with uterine fibroids, if operation needs to be delayed for a particular reason, goserelin can be used safely to reduce bleeding and the size of the tumor.The objective is to compare between goserelin acetate and norethisterone on patients with menorrhagia and uterine fibroid. A randomized controlled study conducted in Elwiya maternity teaching hospital, Baghdad from the first of November 2007 to the end of April 2009. 90 patients from the consultant outpatient clinic with menorrhagia and fibroid, and their operations were delayed for medical reason were allocated in two groups, the first group, was given 3.2 mg goserelin acetate subcutaneously monthly for 3 months and the second group was given 5 mg norethisterone orally three times daily during the attack of bleeding and 5 mg once daily, cyclically if no bleeding for 3 months. The fibroid was measured in two dimensions, using convex real-time ultrasound before treatment and three months after treatment. Haemoglobin and the number of pads used were also reported before and after treatment, also the side effects in both groups and the need for operations.The size of fibroid in two dimensions measurement was reduced from 28.24 cm2 Â± 6.14 to 12.3 cm2 Â± 3.45 in the goserelin group (P=0.0001) versus 26.56 cm2 Â± 5.96 to 25.22 cm2 Â± 5.01 in the norethisterone group (P= 0.2589). The haemoglobin level was 9.28 gm/100ml Â± 2.44 pre-treatment in the goserelin group and 11.2 gm/100ml Â± 1.88 post-treatment (P= 0.0001) versus 10.08 gm/100ml Â± 2.86, and 10.24 gm/100ml Â± 2.46 respectively in the norethisterone group (P= 0.7798). The need for operation was decreased significantly in the goserelin group. Goserelin showed better patient response and reduction in the tumor size than norethisterone in treatment of patients with menorrhagia and uterine fibroids if operation is delayed for medical or other reasons.
Key words: Goserelin, Norethisterone , Menorrhagia, Uterine Fibroid
Intracranial hypotension due to ventral thoracic dural tear secondary to osteophyte complex: resolution after transdural thoracic microdiscectomy with dural repair. Illustrative case
Authors: Kewlani Bharti , Garton Andrew L. A. , Hussain Ibrahim , Chazen J. Levi , Robbins Matthew S. , Baaj Ali A. , Greenfield Jeffrey P. 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND
Intracranial hypotension (IH) manifests with orthostatic headaches secondary to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hypovolemia. Common iatrogenic etiologies include lumbar punctures and spinal surgery. Although much rarer, structural defects such as osteophytes and herniated calcified discs can violate dural integrity, resulting in CSF leak.

OBSERVATIONS
The authors reported the case of a 32-year-old woman who presented with progressively worsening orthostatic headaches. During an extensive examination, magnetic resonance imaging of her thoracic spine revealed a cervicothoracic ventral epidural collection of CSF, prompting a dynamic computed tomography myelogram, which not only helped to confirm severe cerebral hypotension but also suggested underlying pathology of a dorsally projecting disc osteophyte complex at T2–3. Conservative and medical management failed to alleviate symptoms, and a permanent surgical cure was eventually sought. The patient underwent a transdural thoracic discectomy with dural repair, which resulted in resolution of her symptoms.

LESSONS
Clear guidelines regarding the management strategy of IH secondary to disc osteophyte complexes are yet to be established. A thorough literature review noted only 24 reported cases between 1998 and 2019, in which 13 patients received surgery. There is a 46% symptom resolution rate with conservative management, lower than that for iatrogenic etiologies. For patients in whom conservative management failed, surgical intervention proved effective in resolving symptoms, with a success rate of 92.3%.
Magnetic resonance imaging finding of coexistence of bilateral paraclinoid aneurysms in a patient with a nonfunctioning macroadenoma, simultaneous resection, and clipping: illustrative case
Authors: Mondragón-Soto Michel G. , Villanueva-Castro Eliezer , Tovar-Romero Leoncio A. , Aragón-Arreola Jorge F. , Sangrador-Deitos Marcos V. , Cano-Velázquez Gerardo , Villanueva-Solórzano Pedro L. , Gómez-Amador Juan L. 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND
Unruptured incidental intracranial aneurysm can coexist with pituitary adenoma, however, the occurrence is extremely rare. Timely diagnosis of asymptomatic intracranial aneurysms with pituitary adenoma may lead to planning a tailored surgical strategy to deal with both pathologies simultaneously. A case of a patient who underwent transcranial resection of a pituitary adenoma with clipping of two mirror aneurysms is reported.

OBSERVATIONS
A 55-year-old female presented with deterioration of visual acuity that progressed over 1 year, as well as presence of right eyelid ptosis. Magnetic resonance imaging of the head showed the presence of an intrasellar pituitary macroadenoma. Bilateral paraclinoid aneurysms were documented to be in contact with the pituitary tumor. The patient underwent surgery with simultaneous aneurysm clipping and tumor resection through a standard pterional approach with intradural clinoidectomy. The aneurysms were successfully clipped after the tumoral debulking. After clipping, the pseudocapsule was fully resected.

LESSONS
Various treatment options are available. Although endovascular securing of the aneurysms prior to the tumor resection would be ideal, in cases in which this resource is not readily available at all times, the surgeon must be prepared to solve pathologies with an elevated level of complexity.
Coexistence of anterior cranial fossa dural arteriovenous fistula and arteriovenous malformation with the same drainage system: illustrative case
Authors: Yamamoto Daisuke , Shibahara Ichiyo , Inukai Madoka , Koizumi Hiroyuki , Hyakutake Yuri , Niki Jun , Ishima Daisuke , Usui Ryo , Kimura Ayato , Hide Takuichiro , Kumabe Toshihiro 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND
The authors report a rare case of coexistence of dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) and arteriovenous malformation (AVM), with a common trunk drainer from both DAVF and AVM in the left anterior cranial fossa (ACF) with simple DAVF in the right ACF.

OBSERVATIONS
A 63-year-old female presented with seizure. Cerebral angiography showed bilateral DAVFs in the ACF and AVM in the left frontal lobe. A dilated frontal vein acted as a simple drainer of the right DAVF. In contrast, a dilated vein with large varix was the common drainer of both the left DAVF and the AVM. During surgery, indocyanine green videoangiography was performed with direct observation. In the left ACF, the drainer occlusion of the DAVF resulted in partial shrinkage of the varix and decreased distal blood flow. Additional main feeder occlusion of the AVM could decrease the blood flow further, but not completely because of the residual pial supplies for the AVM. Finally, the nidus of the AVM with varix was removed by en bloc resection.

LESSONS
Neurosurgeons should be aware of the coexistence of DAVF and AVM with a common trunk drainer. Only simple occlusion of the drainer from DAVF is not sufficient, so removal of the AVM is essential.
The Opening and Launch of Activities of the Chemistry Laboratory at the Polytechnic Museum (Late 19th – Early 20th Century)
Authors: Nudel Alla 
Published: March 2022

This article is devoted to the history of emergence and development of the chemistry laboratory at the Moscow Museum of Applied Knowledge (Polytechnic Museum), one of the oldest laboratories in Moscow and the first of the Museum’s laboratories. Its creation was predetermined by the following important factors: rapid development of natural science in the second half of the 19th century, introduction of obligatory laboratory practice in the natural science curriculum at higher education institutions, and the fact that the Museum founders believed that laboratories had to be in place at the Museum as one of the ways of delivering its educational goals and promoting dissemination of technology knowledge. The Polytechnic Museum’s chemistry laboratory was modelled after the laboratories of Western European museums. The decisive role in the organization of the laboratory belonged to I. P. Arkhipov, chemical engineer, member of the Museum Organization Committee and director of the Museum’s technology department. In the years that followed, the renowned chemists V. V. Markovnikov and I. A. Kablukov were extensively involved in the work of the laboratory.

Initially the laboratory played an auxiliary role and was only used to prepare demonstration experiments; later on, the scope of its functions broadened. In the course of the time, the laboratory became increasingly involved in the Museum’s overall work, one of the main lines of which was the acquisition of museum items.

After the Polytechnic Museum moved to its own building, the chemistry laboratory was organized and equipped like the most advanced European laboratories. With necessary instruments and equipment in place, it could provide space and necessary conditions for the experimental and research work to those interested. By the early 20th century the works at the chemistry laboratory were mostly associated with the Museum’s instructional and educational activities as well as with the formation of its collections. Research was conducted at the laboratory only sporadically. The Museum’s chemistry laboratory also acted as a resource and methodology center for educational work, where new demonstration experiments in chemistry were developed and the methodologies for conducting these experiments were honed.
Instagram as A Media to Enhance Writing Skill of Students in Langsa
Authors: Nurmala Sari Nonnie , Afrida Nina 
Published: March 2022

This research is carried out to investigate how the uses of Instagram application to improve students’ writing skill. The participant of this research is three students of seventh semester from English Department of IAIN Langsa in academic Years 2020/2021 who have been selected through purposive sampling based on certain characteristics. In here, there are 3 students. This research used qualitative method to gain the data; observation and documentation. Based on the results, they used Instagram features; photo and video sharing and social network to share their mind and daily activity on it. Therefore, they can use it to find many accounts that they wanted. And then, the researcher found that the participants searched and followed several educational accounts that contain learning English content. Concequently, the participants’ writing ability improve after they convey their ideas on Instagram. As the result, they were able to practice and apply what they have learnt before in writing English caption actively on their Instagram accounts. It also can be proven from their writing score which participant 1 obtained 83 score, participant 2 obtained 87 score and participant 3 obtained 62 score in writing English in the manner of using proper grammar, spelling, punctuation, appropriate content, appropriate vocabulary, and conveying clear information.
SOCIAL MOVEMENT RESISTANCE AGAINST THE STATE SOCIAL CASE STUDY: PTPN DAMAK MALIHO, BANGUN PURBA DISTRICT, 2008-2009.
Authors: Ansyari Harahap Andry , Malik Rahman 
Published: March 2022

The study is about the Resistance movement against the state social case study PTPN Damak Maliho in ancient 2008-2009. The main discussion is between peasants’ groups with PTPN IV at deli Serdang district, Damak Maliho, and the role of peasants’ groups in reversion land rights. The conclusion is that the root of the problem is a scramble for the land of 198 ha state of the community with PTPN IV in Damak Maliho, Bangun Purba's District, Deli Serdang is a state of each other claims of land between the village community with PTPN IV of 198 acres of land. Second, the strategy is taken by leaders the base states peasants’ village Damak Maliho to demand land rights by occupying the land. Third, analysis Karl Marx saw the result of this research concluded that countries' indecisiveness in seeing the conflicts causes losses to peasants.
ФОРМУВАННЯ МЕРЕЖЕВОГО ІНСТРУМЕНТАРІЮ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ ВІЙНИ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ АГРЕСІЇ РОСІЇ ПРОТИ УКРАЇНИ)
Authors: Bradov V. 
Published: March 2022

<p><strong><em>The purpose</em></strong><em> of the article is to determine the peculiarities of the formation of Internet resources with anti-Ukrainian propaganda content in the media space of Donbas and their use as a tool of information aggression by the Russian Federation in eastern Ukraine.</em></p><p><strong><em>Research methodology.</em></strong><em> Methods used: monitoring, grouping of disparate data, generalization – to determine the totality and features of the Internet resources formation in the media space of the temporarily occupied part of Donbas; content analysis – to determine the characteristics of these resources content; expert method – to determine audience orientation of these resources.</em></p><p><strong><em>Results.</em></strong><em> The peculiarities of the Internet resources formation with anti-Ukrainian propaganda content in the structure of the media space of the region, which were later used by the aggressor country to influence specific audiences, are determined. The number and diversity of the created sites of «ministries and departments, state funds of the Donetsk People’s Republic (DPR)» were provided by «administrative» decisions and instructions of the occupying power. The quantitative indicator of segment formation was also influenced by the paternalistic approach of so-called «DPR» to operation of «public movements» of the corresponding orientation in the Network. The formation of the propaganda pool was also due to openly manipulative actions with the administration of group communication platforms on social networks. The main condition for the functioning of the created Internet resources was and is the non-alternative anti-Ukrainian orientation of their content, fulfilling the role of propaganda mouthpieces.</em></p><p><strong><em>The novelty</em></strong><em> of the study is in determining the peculiarities of the practice of forming a network segment of the «DPR» media sphere as a tool for disseminating propaganda content.</em></p><p><strong><em>Practical meaning.</em></strong><em> The obtained results can be used during further research of the media space transformation processes of the region in the conditions of external information aggression.</em></p><p><strong><em>Key words:</em></strong><em> information aggression, Internet resources, propaganda content.</em></p>
УКРАЇНСЬКІ СОЦІАЛЬНІ МЕРЕЖІ: СТАН ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ДЛЯ ЗМІ
Authors: Mudra I. 
Published: March 2022

<p><strong><em>The purpose</em></strong><em> of the study is to determine whether Ukrainian social networks are a promising market for Ukrainian media.</em></p><p><strong><em>Research methodology.</em></strong><em> During the research, general scientific methods were used: generalization, synthesis, analysis, abstraction, typology</em><em> </em><em>–</em><em> </em><em>which made it possible to analyze Ukrainian social networks, as well as to explore their prospects for the promotion of media content.</em><em> </em><em>To search for Ukrainian social networks, the author used the Google search engine, Wikipedia and mentions in media publications. We were able to find and analyze 14 existing Ukrainian social networks.</em></p><p><strong><em>Results</em></strong><strong><em>.</em></strong><em> Social networks are a promising and popular market for the promotion of journalistic content. After all, on one platform you can gather a billion audiences who came in search of content</em><em>,</em><em> and the media are the ones who can meet their need for information. Ukrainian social networks cannot compete with global communication platforms, but despite this, they are promising for the promotion of media content.</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>N</em></strong><strong><em>ovelty.</em></strong><em> Social networks are now at the peak of their popularity</em><em>, they have a billion audience. </em><em>Therefore, they are a promising area for business. All leading companies and mass media promote their products there. Ukraine and domestic mass media are no exception. Social networks are an integral part of the distribution of Ukrainian media content.</em><em> </em><em>The media has long seen prospects on social media to promote content and increase traffic to the site. That is why the leading Ukrainian mass media use the most popular social platforms to attract the audience – Facebook, Youtube, FB</em><em> </em><em>Messenger, Instagram, TikTok, Telegram, Twitter, and Pinterest. But together with the leading social networks in Ukraine, our Ukrainian social platforms for communication are created and work, which are designed for the local audience and exclusively for Ukrainians. They do not have such a large audience and it is difficult for them to compete with social giants. Less popular social networks are a promising platform for promoting </em><em>own </em><em>business because the algorithms of Ukrainian social networks are not as commercialized as those of popular giants. Therefore, they can be a promising platform for development. </em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>Key</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong><strong><em>words:</em></strong><em> social networks, Ukrainian social networks, platform for communication, content promotion, mass media.</em></p>
ФЕНОМЕН МЕДІАКОНТИНУУМУ
Authors: Porpulit O. 
Published: March 2022

<p><strong><em>The purpose of the study</em></strong><em> is to formulate the definition of the concept of «media continuum» in the perspective of social and communication priorities of the XXI century. The realization of the outlined goal led to the formulation and solution of the following tasks: 1) to analyze the semantic content of the terms «media space», «mass media space» and derivatives; 2) to outline the scientific reception of the concepts of «chronotope» and «continuum».</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>Research methodology</em></strong><em>. In the course of the research a number of methods were used: the method of analysis – to highlight the essential characteristics of the categories </em><em>«media space», «mass media space», «chronotope», «continuum»; method of synthesis – to outline the semantic nodes of the interdisciplinary perspective of the study of such categories as «space» and «time»; axiomatic method – to use a number of notions, concepts as fixed axioms and postulates; deduction method – to articulate an integrated vision of the media continuum concept.</em><strong><em></em></strong></p><p><strong><em>Results.</em></strong><em> Based on research traditions of interpretation of the concept of continuum as a continuous formation in the disciplines of the social communication cycle, given the emphasis of scientists on the fundamental, essential role of new media in modeling and formatting space and time, taking into account the conditionality of everyday position of the individual, who is with others in the same time-space, has the opportunity to control the visual and sound environments within the </em><em>«electronic system» and, thus, participates in simultaneous and joint work – we consider it appropriate to denote unity, «reunification of space and time» of the latest social communication practices, information and communicative interaction to use the term media continuum as a flexible space-time model of sensory-symbolic reality, which, in turn, is inspired by socio-cultural, information and communication, technological, exterritorial new media.</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>Novelty</em></strong><em>. The term «media continuum» is introduced into scientific circulation, structured in accordance with spatial and temporal landmarks and social communication priorities of the present, taking into account the intensification of technological innovations, saturation of social meanings, etc.</em></p><p><strong><em>Practical significance.</em></strong><em> Awareness of «reunion of space and time» in modern days, the actualization of the time parameter allows to determine the basic parameters of the professional mediator <strong>with</strong> and <strong>in</strong> the format of the media continuum.</em></p><p><strong><em>Key words:</em></strong><em> media space, mass media space, chronotope, media continuum.</em></p>
МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ДЕФІНІЦІЇ «СОЦІАЛЬНО-КОМЕРЦІЙНА РЕКЛАМА»
Authors: Cheksturina V. , Shvets D. 
Published: March 2022

<p><strong><em>The aim of the article.</em></strong><em> Scientific work is aimed at the theoretical substantiation of the relevance of the introduction of the definition of «socio-commercial advertising» in scientific circulation.</em></p><p><strong><em>Research methodology</em></strong><strong><em>. </em></strong><em>The method of terminological analysis is used, the theoretical basis of the research is based on socio-cultural (the reflection of social values, cultural codes in advertising messages was studied) and system approaches (specificity of dynamic system – advertising communication process is determined). Among the general scientific methods the comparative method was used. The study compared social and commercial advertising.<strong></strong></em></p><p><strong><em>Results.</em></strong><em> In the conditions of oversaturation of the market with advertising products, research on search of innovative formats of advertising messages, development of new approaches to creation of advertising content which will be positively perceived by the target audience becomes actual. Recently, there has been a trend that global brands have begun disguising commercial advertising as social advertising. Such advertising is better perceived by people, gets more publicity and discussion. Commercial advertising takes new forms and aims not only to promote the brand but also to promote social values.</em></p><p><em>Selected specific features of socio-commercial advertising. The use of research results will help to optimize the strategy of communication activities of the enterprise, improve the image as a socially responsible business, and will promote further promotion of socially significant concepts.</em></p><p><strong><em>Novelty.</em></strong><em> It is proposed to introduce the definition of «socio-commercial advertising» into scientific circulation.</em></p><p><strong><em>Practical significance.</em></strong><em> The means of social and commercial advertising aimed at improving the advertising processes of enterprises are proposed.</em></p><p><strong><em>Key words:</em></strong><em> method, social advertising, commercial advertising, socio-commercial advertising, social motive.</em></p>