bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognosis-related molecular subtypes and immune features associated with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ye Jiazhou , Lin Yan , Gao Xing , Lu Lu , Huang Xi , Huang Shilin , Bai Tao , Wu Guobin , Li yon , Luo Xiaoling , Liang Rong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Bioinformatics tools were used to identify prognosis-related molecular subtypes and biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Differential expression analysis of four datasets (TCGA, GSE76427, GSE25097, and GSE14520) identified 3,330 overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the same direction in all four datasets. Those genes were involved in the cell cycle, FOXO signaling pathway, as well as complement and coagulation cascades. Based on non-negative matrix decomposition, two molecular subtypes of HCC with different prognosis were identified, with subtype C2 showing better overall survival than subtype C1. Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that 217 of the overlapping DEGs were closely associated with HCC prognosis. The subset of those genes showing an area under the curve > 0.80 was used to construct random survival forest and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator models, which identified seven feature genes (SORBS2, DHRS1, SLC16A2, RCL1, IGFALS, GNA14, and FANCI) that may be involved in HCC occurrence and prognosis. Based on the feature genes, risk score and recurrence models were constructed, while a univariate Cox model identified FANCI as a key gene involved mainly in the cell cycle, DNA replication, and mismatch repair. Further analysis showed that FANCI had two mutation sites and that its gene may undergo methylation. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis showed that Th2 and T helper cells are significantly upregulated in HCC patients compared to controls. Our results identify FANCI as a potential prognostic biomarker for HCC.
Women are at higher risk of cardiometabolic diseases with the increase of visceral fat area to skeletal muscle mass ratio compared with men in a Chinese natural population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Shi , Huang Yaping , Li Jing , Wang Xiaohe , Wang Xincheng , Zhang Yanju , Du Meiyang , Zhang Minying , Lin Jingna , Li Chunjun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Growing evidence has revealed that using BMI for assessment of obesity and cardiometabolic risk has some limitations. Visceral adiposity and skeletal muscle loss may be both correlated with cardiometabolic outcomes. This study aimed to explore the associations between the visceral fat area to skeletal muscle mass ratio (VSR) and the risk of several cardiometabolic diseases including metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia in a young and middle-aged Chinese natural population and further elucidate the differences of these associations between male and female.
Methods
A total of 5158 participants were included in this study. Body composition, anthropometrical and biochemical measurements were performed. The associations between VSR and cardiometabolic diseases were analyzed.
Results
Both in male and female, VSR was positively associated with the five cardiometabolic diseases and with the increase of VSR by one quartile, the ORs increased significantly for all the five cardiometabolic diseases (P trend<0.001). With regard to the highest versus the lowest quartile of VSR, the ORs for MAFLD, hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia were 17.23 (95% CI, 12.52–23.71), 15.47 (95% CI, 7.1-33.72), 5.12 (95% CI, 3.88–6.76), 3.16 (95% CI, 2.33–4.28) and 1.89 (95% CI, 1.42–2.51) in male, respectively. In female, the corresponding ORs were 41.15 (95% CI, 25.80-65.63), 21.62 (95% CI, 7.87–59.36), 9.64 (95% CI, 6.88–13.53), 9.34 (95% CI, 6.63–13.14) and 6.58 (95% CI, 3.45–12.56). The results of restricted cubic splines showed there were significant positive non-linear relationships between VSR and the risk of MAFLD, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia and hypertension in both sex (P for non-linearity < 0.05). The risk was relatively flat until when VSR reached 3.078 cm2/kg in men and 4.750 cm2/kg in women and started to increase rapidly afterwards. In men, however, the risk slowed down after VSR value got to around 4 cm2/kg and the curve became flat and even tended to decline.
Conclusions
VSR was positively associated with cardiometabolic diseases regardless of sex. As VSR increased, the risk of cardiometabolic diseases was significantly higher in women than in men. Women should be more alert to the risk of cardiometabolic diseases caused by the increase of VSR.
Integrated Metabolome and Transcriptome Analyses of the Effects of Elicitors Treated on Triterpene Accumulation in Sanghuangporus sanghuang
Authors: Zhou Linjiang , Zhang Xinyuan , Wang Tong , Wang Guangyuan , Zhou Liwei , Yu Hailong , Tian Xuemei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Sanghuangporus sanghuang (S. sanghuang) is a large wood-decaying mushroom that is considered a traditional Chinese herbal medicine because of its high medicinal value. The fundamental bioactive substances produced mainly include flavonoids, triterpenoids, and others. The expression of some specific genes in fungi can be effectively and selectively induced by fungal elicitors. Methods: To investigate the mechanism of fungal elicitors on the metabolites of S. sanghuang, we performed the metabolic and transcriptional profiling with elicitor treatment (ET) and without elicitor treatment (WET). A correlation analysis showed significant differences in triterpenoid biosynthetic pathways in the ET and WET groups. In addition, the structural genes associated with triterpenoids and metabolites of different triterpenoids in both groups were verified using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Results: The results displayed that three triterpenoids betulinol, betulinic acid, and 2-hydroxyoleanolic acid were detected. After the excitation treatment, the level of betulinic acid reached 2.62 times that in the WET and that of 2-hydroxyoleanolic acid increased 114.67 times that in the WET. The qRT-PCR results of the expressions of the four genes related to secondary metabolic pathways, defense gene activation, and signal transduction showed significant variations between the ET and WET groups. Conclusions: the fungal elicitors have great potential to aggregate pentacyclic triterpenoid secondary metabolites in S. sanghuang.
Association between smoking habits and dental care utilization and cost using administrative claims database and specific medical check-up data
Authors: Kawamura Kahori , Doi Takashi , Kano Keita , Matsui Masanori , Hattori Yuka , Onishi Fukutaro , Fukata Hirotsuka , Miyake Tatsuro 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background:
This study aims to evaluate the association between smoking habits and dental care utilization and cost in individuals registered with the Japan Health Insurance Association, Osaka branch.
Methods:
We used the administrative claims database and specific medical check-up data included 226,368 participants who visited dental institutions, underwent dental examination and underwent specific medical check-up with smoking data from April 2016 to March 2017. We calculated propensity scores with age, gender, exercise, eating habits, alcohol intake, and sleep. According to propensity score matching, 62,573 participants were selected for each group. We also compared dental care utilization with the total cost of each procedure.
Results:
Compared to non-smokers, smokers were younger, with a higher proportion of males. Smokers tended to skip breakfast, have dinner just before bed, and drink alcohol. After adjustment for potential confounding factors with propensity score matching, the median annual dental costs (38,790 (JPY) (Interquartile range (IQR): 19,220 − 71,065)) were significantly higher among smokers than non-smokers (34,530 (JPY) (IQR: 17,960 − 61,420)) (P < 0.001). We calculated the total number of disease codes, and differences between smokers and non-smokers Pulpitis, missing teeth, and periapical periodontitis were coded in smokers, while inlay detachment, caries, and dentine hypersensitivity were coded in non-smokers.
Conclusion:
The annual dental cost was significantly higher among smokers than non-smokers. The disease codes in smokers consisted of progressive dental caries, missing teeth, and uncontrolled acute inflammation that necessitated the use of medications. It is suggested that smokers tend to visit the dentist after their symptoms become severe.
The Effectiveness of Atrial Fibrillation Special Clinic on Oral Anticoagulants Use for High Risk Atrial Fibrillation Patient Managed in the Community
Authors: LAU Ka Man , CHEN Catherine Xiao Rui , LEUNG To Fung , LI Yim Chu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: There are service gaps existed in atrial fibrillation (AF) management in Hong Kong with relatively low utilization of oral anticoagulants. The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical effectiveness of Atrial Fibrillation Special Clinic (AFSC) by evaluating its impact on the oral anticoagulants use and the control of modifiable cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in high risk AF patients.Method: This was a quasi-experimental, pre-test/post-test study in public primary care clinics. Participants included high risk AF patients with CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥2, had been followed up (FU) for one year at 5 AFSCs of Kowloon Central Cluster (KCC) of the Hospital Authority of Hong Kong from 01 August, 2019 to 31 October, 2020. Our primary outcomes were 1) total number of patients agreed for novel oral anticoagulant (NOAC) treatment after recruitment at AFSC, and 2) modifiable CVD risk factors control including blood pressure (BP), Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) if diabetic and low-density lipoprotein-c (LDL-c) level, compared at baseline and after one year FU. Our secondary outcomes were drug-related adverse events, major bleeding and non-major bleeding episodes, stroke or systemic embolism events, Accident and Emergency Department attendance or hospitalisation episodes, survival and mortality rates after one year FU.Results: Among the 299 high risk AF patients included in the study, significant increase in NOAC utilization was observed from 58.5% to 82.6% after FU in AFSC (P <0.001). Concerning the CVD risk factors control, the average diastolic BP level was significantly reduced (P=0.009) and the satisfactory BP control rate in non-DM patients was significantly improved after one year FU (P=0.049). However, the average HbA1c and LDL-c level remained static. The annual incidence rate of ischaemic stroke/systemic embolism was 0.4%, intra-cranial haemorrhage was 0.4%, major bleeding episode was 3.2% and all-cause mortality was 4.3%, all of which were comparable to the literatures. Conclusion: AFSC is effective in enhancing NOAC use and maintaining optimal modifiable CVD risk factors control among high risk AF patients managed in primary care setting, therefore may reduce AF-associated morbidity and mortality in the long run.
Influence of hot-air drying on drying kinetics and some quality parameters of sliced chicken breast meat
Authors: Demiray Engin , Ergezer Haluk , Özünlü Orhan , Gökçe Ramazan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The present study investigated the influence of different drying temperatures (50, 60, and 70ºC) on the drying kinetics, drying rate, color, lipid oxidation, and protein oxidation of sliced chicken breast meat. In addition, color degradation, lipid oxidation, and protein oxidation kinetics during drying were also studied. The drying process takes place in a decreasing rate period at every drying temperature. Among the four tested kinetic models, the Page model showed the best fit to the experimental drying data. TBARS value was found to be lower due to the shortening of the drying time at high drying temperatures. Second-order and first-order kinetic models were fitted to lipid and protein oxidation respectively. Lipid oxidation occurs twice as fast as protein oxidation due to activation energy results. As the drying temperatures increased, the lightness values ​​of the samples did not change, while the redness, yellowness, and browning index values ​​increased, also whiteness index values decreased depending on the prolongation of the time.
Corrosion of the Fe-25Ni-15Cr superalloy under combined effects of marine atmospheric exposure and high temperature oxidation
Authors: Yang Yange , Sun Quanxiang , Zhang Bo , Zhang Dechuang , Lin Jianguo , Wang Fuhui 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Corrosion of the Fe-25Ni-15Cr under the combined effects of marine atmospheric exposure and the subsequent high-temperature oxidation was investigated in the present work. The results indicated that high-temperature oxidation rate of the superalloy after field exposure was significantly accelerated due to the deposited salts and corrosion products. The oxidation kinetic process of the superalloy was clearly divided into two stages, resulting in changes in morphology, structure and composition of the oxide film. And also, the spontaneous passive state of the superalloy was changed to active dissolution by high–temperature oxidation, indicating a substantial deterioration in corrosion resistance. A degradation model for superalloy under the combined effects of electrochemical corrosion and high temperature oxidation was proposed.
Root distribution and traits in a young alley-cropping system: impacts on soil carbon storage, nutrient dynamics and microbial activity
Authors: Siegwart Lorene , Jourdan Christophe , Piton Gabin , Sugihara Sohs , Meersche Karel Van den , Bertrand Isabelle 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
In alley-cropping systems, the root distributions and traits of the annual and perennial vegetation are poorly known, although they are recognized as factors fostering soil carbon (C) stocks through annual root C inputs and by impacts on microbial activity. This study aimed to evaluate the potential contribution of roots from the understory vegetation strip (UVS) and the crop to top- and subsoil C stocks (0-100 cm) in a 3-year-old alley-cropping system.
Methods
Root biomass, chemical composition, functional traits and anatomical structure were assessed in parallel to a characterization of soil physico-chemical and microbiological properties, including enzymatic activity, at different depths and locations perpendicular to the tree line, reflecting the effect of the distance to the tree.
Results
The root biomass and traits were heterogeneous in the young alley-cropping system due to the presence of different plant species and the heterogeneity of the soil mineral N content according to the location perpendicular to the tree line. The soil microbiological properties and organic C stocks did not vary horizontally at this stage of agroforestry, but the tight link between root stoichiometry and microbial extracellular enzymatic activities suggested a differentiation of the soil properties in the following years.
Conclusion
Altogether, our results suggested that increasing the root biomass in topsoil in agroforestry systems can positively contribute to increasing soil organic C stocks, but in deeper soil layers, an increase in litter inputs with high C:N could accentuate microbial N limitations and limit soil C storage.
To Analyse the Effectiveness of Remote Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring Based on Internet in Late Pregnancy During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zhou Shuguang , Jin Qinqin , Jiang Xiya , Bingbing Wang , Yao Hui , Yang Yinting , Ying Jie , Tian Lu , Zhang Weiyu , Zhu Yuting , Chen Guo , Cao Wujun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
AIM. To evaluate the consistency of pregnancy outcomes and related clinical monitoring indicators in high and low risk group under two different monitoring methods during COVID-19 pandemic.Methods. The study was conducted among 765 primipara after a gestational age 32 weeks in Anhui Medical University Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital (January 2020 —December 2020). The subjects were randomly divided into two groups by their wishes.The control group (n=384) received traditional fetal heart monitoring, and the experimental group (n=381) received remote fetal heart monitoring. To evaluate the consistency of pregnancy outcomes and related clinical monitoring indicators in different groups under two different monitoring methods.Results. It was found that there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of pregnancy outcome (including mode of delivery, postpartum hemorrhage, etc.) and neonatal outcome (including preterm birth rate, neonatal weight, neonatal Apgar score, etc.) (p>0.05). It should also be noted that the difference in the scores of HADS-A and HADS-D between the two groups was statistically significant (p<0.05) and the EPDS score results were statistically different. Meanwhile, there was a statistically significant difference in the total cost of labor and delivery between two groups (p<0.05) and total time spent on labor and delivery between the two groups (p<0.05).Conclusions. Remote Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring Based on Internet is an innovative, acceptable, and effective reduced-frequency prenatal examination model. Compared to routine prenatal examination, Remote Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring Based on Internet resulted in higher patient satisfaction and lower prenatal stress. Besides, Remote Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring Based on Internet compared with the traditional fetal heart monitoring does not affect the pregnancy outcomes of pregnant women with different high-risk factors, maternal accept degree is high, and to reduce the medical resources pressure. It is an effective and feasible way for self-monitoring of pregnancies in late pregnancy during the pandemic of COVID-19 and is worthy of clinical application.
A buffalo rumen-derived probiotic (SN-6) could effectively increase Simmental growth performance by regulating fecal microbiota and metabolism
Authors: Yang Shumin , Luo Ji , Chen Yingying , Wu Rui , Liu Huazhen , Zhou Zutao , Xiao Yuncai , Shi Deshi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Microorganisms play a key role in rumen digestion which are often used as probiotics to promote growth in ruminants. However, it's unclear which bacteria play an important role and how they do it. This study focused on the growth-promoting effects of the buffalo-derived probiotic SN-6 and examined its effects on the fecal flora and metabolism in Simmental, analyzing the impact of altered intestinal flora on host metabolism to elucidate the underlying probiotic mechanisms.Results: Three bacterial strains, Bacillus pumilus (SN-3), Bacillus paralicheniformis (SN-6) and Bacillus altitudinis (SN-20) with multiple digestive enzymes secretion capability were isolated from the rumen of healthy Buffalo, SN-6 exhibited outstanding among the three strains. SN-6 secreted cellulase, laccase and amylase, and had potent inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 and Escherichia coli K99. In addition, SN-6 exhibited strong tolerance to artificial gastric juice, intestinal juice and high temperature. Antibiotic resistance test, virulence gene test and mouse toxicity test confirmed the safety of SN-6. SN-6 significantly increased the average daily weight gain of Simmental (p<0.01), and affects the fecal microbiota structure and fecal metabolomic patterns of Simmental. There was a remarkable difference in the β diversity of fecal microflora between SN-6 and control groups (p<0.05). Further, SN-6 significantly increased the abundance of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Bifidobacterium, Blautia and Cellulolyticum and decreased the relative abundance of Monoglobus, norank_f_Ruminococcacea. Moreover, SN-6 feeding significantly enriched fecal metabolites to maintain intestinal homeostasis and strengthen intestinal barrier function (i.e., 3-Indoleacrylic acid, Kynurenic acid). Finally, the microbial and metabolic function analysis indicated that SN-6 would enhance amino acid metabolism (mainly tryptophan metabolism) and lipid metabolism pathways.Conclusions: SN-6 exerted beneficial effects by targeting the gut microbiota and host metabolism (mainly tryptophan metabolism). Our findings reveal the effect of SN-6 on Simmental microbiota and metabolism, and provide a new reference for the research on Bacillus regulating ruminant gut microbiota and metabolism.
A dual-domain image encryption algorithm based on a seven-dimensional hyperchaos and dynamic wavelet decomposition
Authors: Liang Zhongyue , Qin Qiuxia , Zhu Weiming , Zhou Changjun , Liu Shuang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In order to ensure the safe and reliable transmission of images on public channels, this paper proposes a dual-domain image encryption algorithm based on a seven-dimensional hyperchaos and dynamic wavelet decomposition. It is worth mentioning that the existing encryption algorithms generally use spatial encryption, which still has shortcomings in encryption security and execution efficiency. However, the combination of dynamic wavelet decomposition and scrambling and diffusion operations is adopted in our algorithm to realize the combination of spatial and frequency domain encryption. Compared with the existing algorithm, this not only ensures the security of the encryption algorithm, but also ensures the robustness and operating efficiency of the encryption, and at the same time reduces the risk of being attacked. First, divide the original image into blocks, use a random number sequence to control the block scrambling process, and generate a scrambling matrix; Then by calculating the Hamming distance related to the plaintext, dynamically selecting the wavelet type, performing wavelet decomposition, and generating a wavelet coefficient matrix; Re-input the plaintext image to the SHA-512 algorithm to generate the initial value of the seven-dimensional hyperchaos. The chaotic system generates the chaotic key matrix through iteration; Then the scrambling matrix is dynamically rotated, and then the Zigzag transform is used to generate the key matrix; Finally, the wavelet coefficient matrix, the chaotic key matrix, and the key matrix are subjected to bitwise XOR operation to realize the diffusion of pixel values and obtain the final encrypted image. Simulation experiments and performance analysis experiments can show that this algorithm can effectively encrypt and decrypt images, and has good encryption and decryption quality. And compared with existing encryption algorithms, it has better security, robustness, operational efficiency and the ability to resist various attacks.