bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theoretical Study on UV Spectrum and Active Site of Penicillin
Authors: Tianyu Tang , Wenjing Wang , Limin Lu , Li Li , Yanlin Tang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The research of frontier orbit and active site of penicillin molecule has theoretical and practical significance to better understand the physical and chemical properties of penicillin molecule, to synthesize penicillin molecule and to develop its new pharmacological properties. In this paper, based on density functional theory, the spatial structure of penicillin molecules was firstly constructed by using Gaussian View 6.0 software, and the configuration optimization and frequency calculation of penicillin molecules were performed by using Gaussian09 software at the B3LYP/ 6-311g (D, P) basis set level. On the basis of structural optimization, based on time-dependent density functional theory, 25 excited states of penicillin molecules in aqueous solution were calculated, and then the frontier orbitals and active sites of penicillin molecules were analyzed by Multiwfn3.6 software, Fukui function method and frontier orbital theory method. The UV spectrum was plotted with Origin2017 software. The results show that the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccpied molecular orbital (LUMO) of penicillin molecule are the 88th and 89th electron orbital, respectively. The maximum absorption peak of penicillin molecule UV spectrum is at 220.89nm, and its absorption mole coefficient is 6960.18L/mol/cm. It is mainly formed by the transition from the ground state S0 of the electronic state to the excited state S2, S4, S9, S11 and S12 of the electronic state, and the transition from S0 to the excited state S4 is the biggest contributor to the UV spectrum. The nucleophile site of penicillin molecule is C35 and the potentiophile site is S25.
Expression of RPL32 predicts response to anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Liu Huili , Ma Jianli , Fang Xue , Tang Dabei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Ribosomal protein 32 (RPL32) plays an important role in carcinogenesis. Previous studies have shown that RPL32 is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumor tissues. Nevertheless, the clinicopathological features and functional role of RPL32 in triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)patients treated with anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) chemotherapy are still unclear.
Methods
In order to fill this gap, we systematically analyzed the expression of RPL32 in cancer tissues of 96 TNBC patients treated with anthracycline-based NAC and the relationship between RPL32 and clinical features of TNBC. We also discussed the relationship between RPL32 expression and adriamycin resistance in TNBC cells. KM analysis was used to determine the relationship between RPL32 and DFS, DDFS and OS. Univariate and multivariate logistics analysis was used to evaluate whether RPL32 was an independent factor of pCR in TNBC patients.
Results
The IHC staining showed 30 (31.25%) RPL32 protein was located in the TNBC cytoplasm. The RPL32 expression was linked with MP grading, lymph node metastasis, and whether achieved pCR. In vitro, RPL32 up-regulation substantially augmented the ability of TNBC cells to form lines colonies. RPL32 overexpression in TNBC cells enhanced Akt phosphorylation. RPL32 overexpression was shown to be correlated to lower DFS, DDFS, and OS. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that expression of RPL32 was the independent factor associated with pCR.
Conclusion
The findings suggest that RPL32 may be a potential marker of TNBC patients' response to NAC and has clinical significance as a target for improving chemosensitivity.
Individual and community-level factors associated with under-five diarrhea in Bangladesh: Evidence from Demographic and Health Survey 2014
Authors: Kamal Moustafa , Tewabe Tilahun , Tsheten Tsheten 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective
Diarrheal disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children under five years in Bangladesh. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of diarrhea among children under five years and its associated risk factors.
Methods
Data was sourced from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS), a nationally representative study conducted in 2014. We used multilevel logistic regression models to identify factors associated with diarrheal disease.
Results
Children aged 6–11 months (OR: 2.26; 95% CI: 1.50 to 3.42), and 12–23 months (OR: 2.31; 95% CI: 1.62 to 3.31) were more likely to have diarrhoea than older children. Other significant risk factors for diarrheal infection included households without access to drinking water (OR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.88) and mothers lacking mass media access (OR: 1.32; 55% CI: 1.01 to 1.73).
Conclusions
Childhood diarrhoea in Bangladesh was associated with individual and community-level factors. Government and non-government organizations should focus on diarrhea prevention programs such as safe water supply and sanitation, personal hygiene including hand washing, and improved education and access to mass media for mothers of childbearing age.
Smart Phone Addiction Characteristics and Development Mechanism of Deaf or Hard-of-Hearing Students: a Mediating Effect Interpretive Model
Authors: guan wenjun , tao yuhong , liu chen , liu jingjing 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The overuse of smart phone may cause addiction, however, the deaf or hard-of-hearing addicts haven’t gained enough attention. The purpose of this study is to address the characteristics of mobile phone addiction of students who are deaf or hard-of-hearing( hereafter DHH), and to explore the possible formation mechanism of mobile phone addiction of Chinese DHH students through a mediating model. The data were collected by recruiting 570 Chinese DHH students in junior high schools, senior high schools and universities to finish questionnaires of Mobile Phone Addiction Index, Perceived Discrimination Questionnaire and Sense of Security Questionnaire. The results show that: (1) 47.4% of DHH students have mobile phone addiction tendency; (2) the degree of mobile phone addiction of girls is significantly higher than that of boys; (3) the degree of mobile phone addiction of DHH students who can successfully communicate with ordinary people is significantly lower than that of those who can communicate at an acceptable dis-fluency and those who suffer apraxia; (4) there is a significant positive correlation between the discrimination perception of DHH students and their mobile phone addiction; (5) the sense of security plays a complete mediating role between the perception of discrimination and mobile phone addiction of DHH students. It shows that some deaf or hard-of-hearing people may have obvious problems of smart phone addiction. The perception of discrimination is the possible cause of smart phone addiction of the DHH people, and plays an indirect role through the sense of security. In conclusion, this study proposes a possible explanatory model of mobile phone addiction in DHH people, which can provide reference for early intervention in the prevention and intervention of mobile phone addiction in DHH people. Public Significance Statement: The research has put forward an explaining model for Chinese DHH students’ smart phone addiction,which may offer suggestions towards this phenomenon’s early intervention.
Breastfeeding duration and its effective factors in mothers with children aged 30-36 months in Kerman province, Iran
Authors: Mirafzali Sedigheh , Sari Ali Akbari , Alizadeh Somayeh , Iranpour Abedin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction
: Complete cessation of breastfeeding (CCB) at the right time is as important as starting breastfeeding, as well as identifying the factors that affect the duration of breastfeeding, so that breastfeeding promotion programs focus on these causes, to increase mothers' ability and desire to breastfeed. This study aimed to determine the time of CCB and its related factors.
Methods
This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in Iran in 2020. This study was performed at all health centers and health homes affiliated to kerman University of Medical Sciences, kerman, Iran. A total of 802 urban and rural mothers with children aged from 30 to 36 months completed the questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed by Cronbach's alpha of 85%. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16.
Results
The mean time of breastfeeding was 19.23 ± 7.09 and the median was 22-month-year. About 41% of children were breastfed until 24-month-year. There was a significant relationship between the time of cessation of breastfeeding with contraception, number of households, place of residence, and weight at 6-month-year at the level of 0.05.
Conclusion
Duration of breastfeeding is influenced by some demographic and cultural factors. The timing of the CCB is near to the suggestions of the World Health Organization (WHO) and religious teachings.
Improvement of set yogurt shelf life and quality by protective edible layers incorporated with Lactobacillus plantarum
Authors: Kalantarmahdavi Mahboubeh , Salari Amir , Khanzadi Saeid 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this study, layers were designed to protect yogurt using sourdough powder, wheat flour, and gelatin incorporated with Lactobacillus plantarum. The antimicrobial and antifungal (against Aspergillus terreus) characteristics of designed layers were investigated in vitro. After yogurt preparation, designed layers were placed on the surface of samples and stored at 4°C for 21 days. The physical and microbial properties and susceptibility to the growth of A. terreus in samples were assessed. For sensory evaluation, samples mixed with layers and yogurt without layers were evaluated. The in vitro antimicrobial and antifungal results indicated that the bacterial gelatin layer had the largest inhibitory zone, and the bacterial sourdough layer had the maximum inhibition growth against A. trreus. The viability of L. plantarum in the sourdough layer remained more than 106 CFU/g after two weeks on the yogurt. The designed layers could reduce the syneresis and pH of yogurt during storage in all cases. The sourdough and wheat flour layers could prevent fungal growth for at least 7 days. The taste of yogurt mixed with the bacterial wheat flour layer received the highest score, while the taste of the yogurt that had been protected with the sourdough layer was better than other samples.
A mALBI-Child-Pugh based nomogram for predicting post-hepatectomy liver failure grade B – C in patients with huge hepatocellular carcinoma: a multi-institutional study
Authors: Xu Ming-Hao , Xu Bin , Zhou Chen-Hao , Xue Zhong , Chen Zhao-Shuo , Xu Wen-Xin , Huang Cheng , Zhu Xiao-Dong , Zhou Jian , Fan Jia , Sun Hui-Chuan , Shen Ying-Hao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective
Post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is a severe complication in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who underwent hepatectomy. This study aims to develop a nomogram of severe PHLF in patients with huge HCC (diameter ≥ 10 cm).
Methods
We retrospectively collected clinical information of 514 and 97 patients who underwent hepatectomy for huge HCC at two medical centers between 2016 and 2021. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to screen independent factors of PHLF grade B-C, which were visualized as a nomogram.
Results
343, 171, and 97 HCC patients were included in the training cohort, internal validation cohort, and external validation cohort, with probabilities of PHLF grade B – C of 15.1%, 12.9%, and 22.7%, respectively. Pre-operative modified albumin-bilirubin (mALBI) grade (p < 0.001), Child-Pugh class (p = 0.044), international normalized ratio (INR) (p = 0.006), cirrhosis (p = 0.002) and intraoperative blood loss (p = 0.004) were found to independently associate with PHLF grade B – C in the training cohort. All five independent factors were used to establish the nomogram model. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve for the nomogram in predicting PHLF grade B – C reached 0.823 and 0.740 in the internal validation cohort and external validation cohort, respectively. After grouping the patients into different risk groups according to the optimal cut-off value, patients in the high-risk group experienced significantly higher frequency of PHLF grade B – C than those in the low-risk group, both in the training cohort and in the validation cohort (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
The proposed noninvasive nomogram based on mALBI-Child-Pugh and three other indicators achieved optimal prediction of PHLF grade B-C in patients with huge HCC.
OSBPL Family Genes serves as a potential biomarker for poor prognosis in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Peng Bosen , Zhou Xuebing , Yang Chunyu , Chen Dan , Han Longzhe , Ren Xiangshan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Renal cell carcinoma is one of the most malignant tumors originated from urinary tubular epithelia system and renal parenchyma, among which we can see kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) most frequently in clinic. Furthermore, members of oxysterol-binding protein-like (OSBPL) gene family play an important coordinating role in intercellular communication and lipid flow. Recently, it has been reported that OSBPL is highly expressed in some cancers and promotes the occurrence, metastasis and invasion of cancer cells.Methods: We used Oncolnc, cBioportal and other databases to analyze the data related to OSBPL family genes in patient with KIRC, such as the prognostic values of OSBPL gene family members for KIRC, and the possible mechanism of regulatory of OSBPL in the development and occurrence of KIRC.Results: In patients with KIRC, we found that the expressions of OSBPL5 and OSBPL7 are highly upregulated. TIMER 2.0 analyses showed that OSBPL expression is connected with the infiltration of multiple immune cells.Conclusion: Our study show that OSBPL gene family members especially OSBPL5 and OSBPL7 may have an important influence in KIRC and serve as a potential biomarker for poor prognosis and their expression is related to immune cell infiltration.
Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the adaptability of Sophora davidii under low phosphorus stress
Authors: Chen Keke , Wang Lei-ting , Sun Hang , Zhao Li-Li , Wang Pu-Chang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The lack of phosphorus in the soil is one of the important factors restricting the healthy growth of Sophora davidii in karst areas, and improving the absorption of phosphorus is of great significance to the growth and utilization of S. davidii. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can form a mutualistic symbiotic relationship with plants, which can relieve stress and promote the growth of host plants. A sand culture method was used in this study. S. davidii seedlings inoculated with AMF and without AMF (NAM) were used as research materials under three phosphatase treatments, P0.5 (0.5 mmol/L), P0.25 (0.25 mmol/L), and P0 (0 mmol/L), to investigate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the growth, morphology, physiology, endogenous hormone contents and accumulation of N and P elements in S. davidii seedlings. The results showed that under NAM, the plant height, growth rate, aboveground dry weight and chlorophyll content were significantly decreased under low phosphorus stress. Under low phosphorus stress (P0.25) intensity, S. davidii showed increased root dry weight, root shoot ratio, total root length, root surface area, root tip number, and root hair number, an increased content of osmotic adjustment substances such as proline, soluble sugar and soluble protein, increased activity of protective enzymes such as acid phosphatase and catalase, and increased hormone contents to adapt to the low phosphorus stress. However, when the low phosphorus stress intensity increased to P0, the regulatory effect was severely weakened. Inoculation with AMF promoted the growth of the aboveground parts of S. davidii; although it decreased the growth of the root system and root biomass, it significantly increased the total root length, root tip number and growth rate under P0 stress and increased chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, proline, soluble sugar, soluble protein, and IAA contents, and acid phosphatase and superoxide dismutase activities. The roots of S. davidii and AMF engage in symbiosis, improving root morphology, promoting the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus by seedlings, and maintaining the N:P balance of leaves, thereby maintaining a higher biomass of S. davidii under low phosphorus stress and relieving the low phosphorus stress on seedlings. Our results demonstrated that AMF inoculation is useful for the promotion and cultivation of S. davidii in the karst area of Southwest China under low phosphorus stress conditions. Therefore, in the process of ecological restoration and forage improvement using S. davidii on acidic soil in the karst region of Southwest China, inoculation with AMF may be a good strategy to stabilize S. davidii yields.
Improved Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decompositions with Adaptive Noise of Global, Hemispherical and Tropical Temperature Anomalies, 1850-2021
Authors: Coleman Charles David 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
ICEEMDAN, a variant of Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), is used to extract temperature cycles with periods from half a year to multiple decades from the \nobreak{HadCRUT5} global temperature anomaly data. The residual indicates an overall warming trend. The analysis is repeated for the Southern and Northern Hemispheres as well as the Tropics, defined as areas lying at or below 30 degrees of latitude. Multiannual cycles explain the apparently anomalous pause in global warming starting around 2000. The previously identified multidecadal cycle is found to be the most energetic and to account for recent global warming acceleration, beginning around 1993. This cycle's amplitude is found to be more variable than by previous work. Moreover, this variability varies by latitude. Sea ice loss acceleration is proposed as an explanation for global warming acceleration.
Upcycling yield trial data using a weather-driven crop growth model
Authors: Shimono Hiroyuki , Abe Akira , Kim Chyon , Sato Chiashi , Iwata Hiroyoshi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Numerous breeding efforts have improved crop yields by screening new high-yield cultivars through yield trials in multiple environments. However, the accumulated data from these trails has not been effectively upcycled to guide future breeding programs because of the strength of the genotype by environment (G × E) interaction. Here, we propose a new method that accounts for these interactions by using a weather-driven crop growth model; the recorded yields of each cultivar were expressed using a unique linear regression in response to the potential yield (Yp) calculated by a weather-driven crop growth model. We call this approach the YpCGM method. We applied this method to 72 510 independent datasets from yield trials of paddy rice that used 237 core cultivars (n = 20 to 6342 field trials) measured at 110 locations in Japan during the 38 years from 1980 to 2017. The 237 core cultivars were selected from a pedigree matrix of 14 032 Japanese cultivars by using the k-medoids method (k = 200 clusters), and the genomic information for 91 800 single-nucleotide polymorphisms was obtained. The genotypic coefficients of yield-ability and yield-plasticity differed among the 237 cultivars, with values ranging from 2.5 to 7.3 t/ha and from –0.23 to +0.95, respectively. Genomic prediction validated the values of these two parameters by leave-one-out cross-validation based on the pedigree and genome information. Our study represents a novel “big data” method for managing and generalizing G × E interactions using a crop growth model supported by large amounts of field data.
Laser-based Powder Bed Fusion of Ti-6Al-4V Powder modified with SiO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Emminghaus Nicole , Bernhard Robert , Hermsdorf Jörg , Kaierle Stefan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In laser-based powder bed fusion of metals (PBFLB/M) residual oxygen in the processing atmosphere is regarded as disruptive and disadvantageous for the manufacturing process and the resulting component properties. A novel approach to eliminate residual oxygen is to add small amounts of silane to the argon process gas. Silane eliminates residual oxygen and forms SiO2 nanoparticles, which in turn can be incorporated into the powder during the process. It is therefore necessary to evaluate the influence of these nanoparticles admixed to the metal powder. In this work, Ti-6Al-4V powder was modified with pyrogenic SiO2 nanoparticles generated by the reaction of a silane argon gas mixture with ambient air. Modified and unmodified powder was analyzed and processed using statistically designed experiments. An increase of flow rate according to DIN EN ISO 4490 (from 33.3 to 32.5 s/50 g) and increase of apparent density according to DIN EN ISO 3923 (from 2.52 to 2.58 g/cm3) could be observed after powder modification. No statistically significant effects of the modification on roughness, porosity and hardness were found. The results demonstrate that powder modification using silane can lead to enhanced flowability without affecting the PBF-LB processing window of Ti-6Al-4V.
Fibroblast growth factor-8(FGF-8) upregulates gelatinases expression in chondrocytes through nuclear factor-κB p65
Authors: Huang Hongcan , Xie Jing , Wei Jieya , Xu Siqun , zhang demao , Zhou Xuedong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background Fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF-8), as a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGFs), exerts pleiotropic effects in bone development and homeostasis. Studies have reported that FGF-8 is expressed in osteoarthritis and promotes disease progression. Here I attempt to investigate the effect of FGF-8 on the gelatinase (MMP-2 and MMP-9) expression of cultured chondrocytes. Methods and Results Gelatin zymography was performed to evaluate the activation of gelatinases. Western blot was employed to investigate the expression of the gelatinases and also NF-κB p65 signaling pathways, and the activation of NF-κB p65 signaling wa confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. According to our findings, recombinant FGF-8 increased the production and activation of gelatinases in primary chondrocytes. The activation of NF-κB signaling, which resulted in acetylated p65 accumulating in the cell nucleus, regulated FGF-8-induced gelatinase production. We further found that NF-κB inhibitors, BAY 11-7082, could inhibit up-regulation of gelatinase induced by FGF-8. Conclusions FGF-8 enhanced the expression and activation of gelatinases from cultured chondrocytes of mouse. FGF-8 may participate in the degradation of cartilage and exacerbation of osteoarthritis by promoting expression of gelatinases.