bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LLAMA: The low‐level abstraction for memory access
Authors: Gruber Bernhard Manfred , Amadio Guilherme , Blomer Jakob , Matthes Alexander , Widera René , Bussmann Michael 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe performance gap between CPU and memory widens continuously. Choosing the best memory layout for each hardware architecture is increasingly important as more and more programs become memory bound. For portable codes that run across heterogeneous hardware architectures, the choice of the memory layout for data structures is ideally decoupled from the rest of a program. This can be accomplished via a zero‐runtime‐overhead abstraction layer, underneath which memory layouts can be freely exchanged. We present the low‐level abstraction of memory access (LLAMA), a C++ library that provides such a data structure abstraction layer with example implementations for multidimensional arrays of nested, structured data. LLAMA provides fully C++ compliant methods for defining and switching custom memory layouts for user‐defined data types. The library is extensible with third‐party allocators. Providing two close‐to‐life examples, we show that the LLAMA‐generated array of structs and struct of arrays layouts produce identical code with the same performance characteristics as manually written data structures. Integrations into the SPEC CPU® lbm benchmark and the particle‐in‐cell simulation PIConGPU demonstrate LLAMA's abilities in real‐world applications. LLAMA's layout‐aware copy routines can significantly speed up transfer and reshuffling of data between layouts compared with naive element‐wise copying. LLAMA provides a novel tool for the development of high‐performance C++ applications in a heterogeneous environment.
Eccentric punching tests on column bases ‐ Influence of column geometry
Authors: Ungermann Jan , Schmidt Philipp , Christou Georgios , Hegger Josef 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExperimental investigations on centrically loaded column bases provide the basis for current punching shear design provisions. However, this symmetric loading condition represents an exception in daily engineering practice since usually load eccentricities occur leading to uneven shear stress distributions along the control perimeter. To account for this effect, design approaches define different factors to either increase the acting shear force or to decrease the punching shear resistance in design. New punching test results of 14 eccentrically loaded and four centrically loaded column bases now allow the evaluation of design approaches depending on different geometric boundary conditions. In this new test series, the load eccentricities were systematically graded to analyze their influence on the punching behavior. Strain measurements in the multiaxial compression zone of the concrete in the column‐footing connection reveal new insights on the punching failure of column bases. As a result, a correlation between tangential concrete strains and the reduction of punching shear strength can be recognized for increasing load eccentricities. The comparison of experimentally determined load increase factors with the design results according to Eurocode 2, Model Code 2010 and the stable version of the next generation of Eurocode 2 reveals optimization potential for deriving more advanced design provisions in the future.
Recent advances in highly integrated energy conversion and storage system
Authors: Shao Changxiang , Zhao Yang , Qu Liangti 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe vigorous development in the field of energy conversion and storage devices directly contributes to the full utilization and convenient use of clean energy. However, some drawbacks of independent energy conversion and storage devices, including unstable, insufficient energy output and dependence on external power supply, are difficult to overcome by self‐optimization, thus, hindering their further development and direct application. Coincidentally, the combination of above two devices can solve these problems, which conforms to their intrinsic needs for development. At the same time, the pursuit of portability and miniaturization also promotes the development of the power system toward a highly integrated direction. Therefore, we introduce several integration modes of energy conversion and storage systems, with emphasis on all‐in‐one power system, possessing the highest integration in this review. From the aspect of device configuration, working mechanisms and their performances, the all‐in‐one power systems based on different energy sources (e.g., mechanical, solar, thermal, and chemical energy) are discussed and analyzed. Finally, the design strategies are summarized and the potential development directions in the future are proposed. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of highly integrated energy conversion and storage system, and seeks to point out the opportunities and orientations of future research in this field.
Transnational TESOL Practitioners’ Identity Tensions: A Collaborative Autoethnography
Authors: Yazan Bedrettin , Pentón Herrera Luis Javier , Rashed Doaa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we, as three transnational TESOL practitioners (TTP), engage in a collaborative autoethnography (CAE) to examine our professional identity tensions. Theoretically, we follow the premise that the tensions we experience in our professional life can be productive experiences for identity‐oriented reflection and, as we work toward resolving these tensions, we can explore and negotiate new dimensions of our identities. Methodologically, we explore the affordances of CAE in combining internal and community dialogues to make sense of our identities, which are situated at the nexus of the personal and the cultural. Each one of us describes and analyzes one major tension that has been part of our professional identity negotiation as TESOL practitioners in the US. Addressing our research question, we conceptually argued that tensions are inevitable in our identity work and found that border‐crossing and in‐betweenness predominantly characterized our identities as TTPs. We cross borders and carve out in‐between spaces, identities, and voices for ourselves in our professional lives.
Clinical, imaging and histopathological features of concurrent malignancies in a dog: Meningoencephalitis of unknown origin and a malignant parotid gland carcinoma
Authors: Prümmer Julia Katrin , Moioli Melania , Richard Olivia Kristina , Maiolini Arianna 
Published: March 2022

AbstractParotid gland tumours are rare in dogs. In this report, a 7‐year‐old, female, spayed bearded collie was presented for a subacute onset of neurological signs. A meningoencephalitis of unknown origin affecting the cerebellum diagnosed 10 months before had successfully been treated with prednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil. Head CT and MRI showed a right‐sided retropharyngeal mass invading the caudal fossa and compressing the cerebellum and brainstem, adjacent to a second lesion involving the right parotid gland. Postmortem examination revealed a malignant parotid gland carcinoma with intracranial extension, occipital bone infiltration and metastasis to the lungs and the right medial retropharyngeal lymph node. The cerebellum was unremarkable. This is the first report describing detailed imaging features of a malignant parotid gland carcinoma developed in a dog previously diagnosed with a meningoencephalitis of unknown origin.
Ciclosporin‐induced psoriasiform‐lichenoid dermatosis, footpad hyperkeratosis and gingival hyperplasia in a West Highland white terrier dog
Authors: Makri Nikoleta , Philbey Adrian W. , Gow Deborah J 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA 6‐year‐old, male neutered, West Highland white terrier presented with gingival hyperplasia and footpad hyperkeratosis 5 months after starting 5 mg/kg ciclosporin once daily. Following cessation of this therapy, the footpad lesions were resolved, while the gingival hyperplasia remained. Two weeks following the re‐introduction of ciclosporin, multiple raised, focal crusted papules and plaques along the dorsum, flanks and lateral aspect of all limbs were evident. The dog also developed footpad hyperkeratosis. Punch biopsies of the skin from these lesions confirmed psoriasiform‐lichenoid dermatosis. Cessation of the ciclosporin therapy allowed resolution of the nodules within 4 weeks. Haematological and biochemical analyses to assess for systemic disease and to investigate liver function were normal. Gingival hyperplasia was still present 4 weeks after stopping therapy. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of a dog presented with multiple rare ciclosporin‐induced adverse effects: psoriasiform‐lichenoid dermatosis, footpad hyperkeratosis and gingival hyperplasia.
Expansion and evaluation of two coupled root–shoot models in simulating CO2 and H2O fluxes and growth of maize
Authors: Nguyen Thuy Huu , Langensiepen Matthias , Hueging Hubert , Gaiser Thomas , Seidel Sabine J. , Ewert Frank 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLeaf water pressure head (Ψleaf) and more specifically its critical thresholds (Ψthreshold) characterize stomatal control of transpiration, particularly for C4 plants, but this physiological process has rarely been integrated into dynamic crop models at the field scale. We further extended two coupled models with Feddes root water uptake (RWU) and Couvreur RWU models by adding the C4 photosynthesis model in order to be applicable to a maize (Zea mays L.) crop growing under field conditions. The Feddes RWU model relates RWU and plant stress directly to the root zone water hydraulic potential, whereas the Couvreur model explicitly represents hydraulic signals between soil and stomata. Model performance was evaluated with a comprehensive dataset including stomatal conductance, Ψleaf, sap flow, gross assimilation rate (GAR), soil water content (SWC), dry biomass, and leaf area index (LAI) from a two‐season maize experiment under contrasting environments and water regimes. For the Couvreur model, the RWU and dry biomass were more sensitive to the root hydraulic conductance parameters than to Ψthreshold and root growth parameters. The agreement index (I) for the Couvreur model after calibration was 0.91, 0.80, 0.81, and 0.69 for biomass, LAI, RWU, and GAR, respectively. The Feddes model performed similarly for the same metrics. The Feddes model simulated accurately the plant water stress in the first 45 d of the growing season, whereas the Couvreur model inaccurately predicted water stress, which resulted in lower agreement with observations (i.e., RMSEs of biomass simulated by Feddes and Couvreur model averaged from four validated plots were 0.171 and 0.214 kg m–2, respectively). The Feddes model showed the potential to be used for maize under water stress whereas the Couvreur model needs to be further evaluated and improved with an adequate estimation of root hydraulic conductance. A dynamic parameterization of normalized root system conductance and/or more accurate assimilate allocation to the roots, especially under drought stress, should be considered in order to apply this model in future studies to maize.
One Tricks, Hero Picks, and Player Politics: Highlighting the Casual-Competitive Divide in the Overwatch Forums
Authors: Blamey Courtney 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this chapter I investigate the developer’s moderation of Overwatch by analyzing the game’s official Blizzard forum discussions (2016–2019). The moderation put in place by Blizzard allows players to address, for instance, toxicity by reporting or avoiding players, while also rewarding positive play experiences. By analyzing the player discourse around these moderation systems, the data gathered yields a rift between casual and competitive players, resulting in conflicts in what players might expect and want from their play experiences. I conclude that varying expectations and standards of play feed into a community’s conflicts alongside the failure of moderation in curtailing unwanted behaviors.
The Player’s Interpretative Agency and the Developer’s Disruptive Powers: How Blizzard Enforces Authorial Intention in Overwatch
Authors: Blom Joleen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDue to constant internet connection many games nowadays require developers of games such as Overwatch to alter the structure of their video games directly and frequently. This chapter argues that, because of such modern technologies, Blizzard is able to change the meaning of the game content whenever it wants so that players are constantly forced to follow the changing authorial intention if they wish to continue playing the game. An illustrative example of game content to which authorial intention is applied are the Overwatch’s heroes, where the players’ interpretations of the characters as game pieces and fictional beings are systematically outplayed by the developer. This chapter thus demands to critically re-evaluate our perception of the author’s influence over the interpretation of a cultural product.
“KKona where’s your sense of patriotism?”: Positioning Nationality in the Spectatorship of Competitive Overwatch Play
Authors: Siitonen Marko , Ruotsalainen Maria 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis chapter analyzes the discursive construction of nationality and ethnicity in the context of the Overwatch World Cup 2019 and especially among the discussions of the world cup’s spectators on the live-streaming platform Twitch. Drawing on the positioning theory and the concept of banal nationalism, our study demonstrates how esports fans are active negotiators and co-creators of the esports discourse. The analysis illustrates what kind of role nationality and ethnicity take in this environment, in other words what they come to mean for those participating in the discourses defining them.
Albanian Context
Authors: Danaj Ermira 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis chapter aims to present the migration framework and the situation of women in Albania. The first section briefly reviews the socio-economic conditions of Albania during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, which I separate into two main periods: before and after 1991. I take the year 1991 as the official end of the mono-party political system, also known as the communist era or regime, as it is also the year when the country’s first multiparty elections happened. I explain how, in this context, migration became one of the leading forces transforming Albanian society. The second section of this chapter focuses on the history of migration in Albania, limited to the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Here, I also discuss the research site, the city of Tirana. The third section presents the situation of women in Albania, focusing on some central matters that support the analysis in this research.
Education as a Platform for Migration – Young Women Migrating to the ‘Big City’ on Their Own
Authors: Danaj Ermira 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis chapter analyses the experiences of young women from various villages and cities across Albania who migrated to Tirana to study. Here, ‘on their own’ refers to single women who moved to and lived in Tirana by themselves while their parents and siblings stayed in their city or village of origin. Upon their graduation, which had happened within at least three years at the time of the research in 2012, they did not return to their native communities. Below, I introduce briefly the eight young women who migrated to Tirana to study.
Surface charges in Chern-Simons gravity with $$ T\overline{T} $$ deformation
Authors: He Miao , He Song , Gao Yi-hong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The $$ T\overline{T} $$
T

T
¯

deformed 2D CFTs correspond to AdS3 gravity with Dirichlet boundary condition at finite cutoff or equivalently a mixed boundary condition at spatial infinity. In this work, we use the latter perspective and Chern-Simons formalism of AdS3 gravity to construct the surface charges and associated algebra in $$ T\overline{T} $$
T

T
¯

deformed theories. Starting from the Bañados geometry, we obtain the Chern-Simons gauge fields for the $$ T\overline{T} $$
T

T
¯

deformed geometry, which are parametrized by two independent charges. With help of the mixed boundary condition, the residual gauge symmetries of the deformed gauge fields and the associated surface charges were obtained respectively. The charge algebra turns out to be a non-linear deformed Virasoro algebra, which was obtained in different way by applying the cutoff perspective. Finally, we propose a way to construct the time-independent charges from these surface charges and they satisfy the field-dependent Virasoro algebra.
Probing Lorentz Invariance Violation with atmospheric neutrinos at INO-ICAL
Authors: Sahoo Sadashiv , Kumar Anil , Agarwalla Sanjib Kumar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe possibility of Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV) may appear in unified theories, such as string theory, which allow the existence of a new space-time structure at the Planck scale (Mp∼ 1019GeV). This effect can be observed at low energies with a strength of ∼ 1/Mpusing the perturbative approach. In the minimal Standard Model extension (SME) framework, the neutrino mass-induced flavor oscillation gets modified in the presence of LIV. The Iron Calorimeter (ICAL) detector at the proposed India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO) offers a unique window to probe these LIV parameters by observing atmospheric neutrinos and antineutrinos separately over a wide range of baselines in the multi-GeV energy range. In this paper, for the first time, we study in detail how the CPT-violating LIV parameters (aμτ, aeμ, aeτ) can alter muon survival probabilities and expectedμ−andμ+event rates at ICAL. Using 500 kt·yr exposure of ICAL, we place stringent bounds on these CPT-violating LIV parameters at 95% C.L., which are slightly better than the present Super-Kamiokande limits. We demonstrate the advantage of incorporating hadron energy information and charge identification capability at ICAL while constraining these LIV parameters. Further, the impact of the marginalization over the oscillation parameters and choice of true values of sin2θ23on LIV constraints is described. We also study the impact of these LIV parameters on mass ordering determination and precision measurement of atmospheric oscillation parameters.
Orders of vanishing and U(1) charges in F-theory
Authors: Raghuram Nikhil , Turner Andrew P. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Many interesting questions about F-theory models, including several concerning the F-theory swampland, involve massless matter charged under U(1) gauge symmetries. It is therefore important to better understand the geometric properties of F-theory models realizing various U(1) charges. We propose that, for F-theory models described by elliptic fibrations in Weierstrass form, the U(1) charge of light matter is encoded in the orders of vanishing of the section components corresponding to the U(1) gauge symmetry. We give specific equations relating the U(1) charges to the orders of vanishing that seem to hold for both U(1)-charged singlets and for matter additionally charged under a simply-laced nonabelian gauge algebra. Our formulas correctly describe properties of F-theory models in the prior literature, and we give an argument that they should describe the orders of vanishing for arbitrarily high U(1) charges. They also resemble formulas for the p-adic valuations of elliptic divisibility sequences developed by Stange [1]. These proposals could serve as a U(1) analogue of the Katz-Vafa method, allowing one to determine U(1) charges without resolution. Additionally, they predict geometric information about F-theory models with general U(1) charges, which may be useful for exploring the F-theory landscape and swampland.
Identifying Spatial Patterns and Ecosystem Service Delivery of Nature-Based Solutions
Authors: Guerrero Paulina , Haase Dagmar , Albert Christian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCompared to technical infrastructure, nature-based solutions, NBS, strive to work with nature and to move beyond business-as-usual practices in order to address societal challenges such as flood risks. This research aims to spatially identify possible NBS areas and evaluate the areas capacity to provide selected ecosystem services, ES, for the Lahn river landscape in Germany. The research follows the functional landscape approach using hydromorphological landscape units, HLU, based on specific biophysical spatial criteria, such as slope, to then identify locations which may be considered suitable for NBS. The current ES delivery of these possible NBS areas is then evaluated. The three ES assessed are carbon storage, nutrient retention and recreation. We then undertake a geospatial comparison analysis to show the spatial relationships and patterns that emerge in regards to the ES configuration of the distinct NBS apt areas. Results show the HLU method serves to delineate and identify areas where NBS may exist or be implemented. The data depicts a distinct spatial pattern for each possible NBS space and complementary ES delivery. This explorative method is a useful spatial approach that can support NBS implementation and serve to investigate the multiple benefits NBS provide. The use of ecosystem services to compare and understand NBS is a viable prospect that must, however, be cautiously, locally and scientifically approached. Noticeable limitations regarding ES assessment remain, as available methods are often insufficiently inclusive of natural ecosystem processes and functions. Further research should assess a broader spectrum of NBS and their delivery of ES.
Selective effects of focusing on spatial details in episodic future thinking for self-relevant positive events
Authors: Hallford D. J. , Cheung S. , Baothman G. , Weel J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMental simulations of positive future events increase their detail/vividness and plausibility, with effects on cognitive-affective processes such as anticipated and anticipatory pleasure. More recently, spatial details have been distinguished as important in increasing detail and elaborating mental scene construction. Building on this research, this study (N = 54; M age = 26.9) compared simulations of positive, self-relevant future events spatial details (i.e. people, objects, sequences of actions) with simulations focused on content details. Cross-sectionally at baseline, spatial details uniquely predicted phenomenological characteristics of future events, including anticipatory pleasure. The guided simulations increased detail and vividness, mental imagery, and pre-experiencing in both conditions. The content simulation condition did not increase content details relative to the spatial simulation condition, however, the inverse was true. Relatedly, overall detail and vividness were higher in the spatial condition, as was perceived control. The findings are discussed in relation to future thinking and mental health.