bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels Are Associated With Residual Dizziness After Successful Treatment of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
Authors: Wu Yunqin , Han Kun , Han Weiwei , Fan Zhenyi , Zhou Min , Lu Xiaoxiong , Liu Xiaoxia , Li Li , Du Liwen 
Published: June 2022

Objective:Vitamin D (Vit D) regulates calcium and phosphate metabolism and helps to maintain otolith organ function. Residual dizziness (RD) is one of the most common complications after the successful treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Various theories have been suggested to explain the cause of RD, and otolith organ disorder is the most evident cause of RD. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum levels of Vit D and the occurrence of RD after the successful treatment of BPPV.MethodsA prospective study including patients who were diagnosed with de novo posterior semicircular canal-type BPPV (PC-BPPV) was conducted at our institution from May 2017 to May 2019. All the patients underwent canalith repositioning procedures and were followed up. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate the relationship between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and RD occurrence after successful BPPV treatment.ResultsIn total, 123 patients with PC-BPPV were enrolled, and 41.5% (51/123) experienced RD. The serum level of 25(OH)D was significantly lower in PC-BPPV patients with RD [median 16.2 ng/ml (IQR 12.9–22.1)] than in patients without RD [median 20.5 ng/ml (IQR 16.5–26.5)] (P = 0.001). In multivariate models comparing the prevalence of RD in the insufficient group [25(OH)D ≥ 20 to &lt;30 ng/ml], deficient group [25(OH)D &lt; 20 ng/ml] and normal group [25(OH)D ≥ 30 ng/ml], the 25(OH)D levels in the deficient group were associated with the occurrence of RD (odds ratio = 5.48, 95% confidence interval = 1.08–27.71; P = 0.04).ConclusionLow 25(OH)D levels are associated with the development of RD in patients with PC-BPPV after successful treatment. Further efforts to validate and elucidate the mechanism are needed.
Improvement of Methodology for Manual Energy Intake Estimation From Passive Capture Devices
Authors: Pan Zhaoxing , Forjan Dan , Marden Tyson , Padia Jonathan , Ghosh Tonmoy , Hossain Delwar , Thomas J. Graham , McCrory Megan A. , Sazonov Edward , Higgins Janine A. 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo describe best practices for manual nutritional analyses of data from passive capture wearable devices in free-living conditions.Method18 participants (10 female) with a mean age of 45 ± 10 years and mean BMI of 34.2 ± 4.6 kg/m2 consumed usual diet for 3 days in a free-living environment while wearing an automated passive capture device. This wearable device facilitates capture of images without manual input from the user. Data from the first nine participants were used by two trained nutritionists to identify sources contributing to inter-nutritionist variance in nutritional analyses. The nutritionists implemented best practices to mitigate these sources of variance in the next nine participants. The three best practices to reduce variance in analysis of energy intake (EI) estimation were: (1) a priori standardized food selection, (2) standardized nutrient database selection, and (3) increased number of images captured around eating episodes.ResultsInter-rater repeatability for EI, using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), improved by 0.39 from pre-best practices to post-best practices (0.14 vs 0.85, 95% CI, respectively), Bland–Altman analysis indicated strongly improved agreement between nutritionists for limits of agreement (LOA) post-best practices.ConclusionSignificant improvement of ICC and LOA for estimation of EI following implementation of best practices demonstrates that these practices improve the reproducibility of dietary analysis from passive capture device images in free-living environments.
Sex Differences at Early Old Stage in Glycolipid Metabolism and Fatty Liver in Offspring Prenatally Exposed to Chinese Great Famine
Authors: Zhang Yumeng , Pu Jianhong , Ding Yi , Wu Lei , Yin Yongxiang , Sun Mingya , Gu Ying , Zhang Daiyi , Zhang Ze , Zheng Qiutong , He Qinyuan , Xu Ting , He Yun , Su Hongyu , Zhou Xiuwen , Li Lingjun , Ye Yang , Li Jingyang , Xu Zhice 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundAbout 50 years ago, Chinese Great Famine (CGF) affected the entire population in China, and its long-term influence on the offspring has attracted significant attention for research. However, information on possible metabolic differences between sexes is limited. This study explored whether there might be sex differences in the risks of development of glucolipid metabolic dysfunction and fatty liver following prenatal exposure to CGF.Materials and MethodsThere were 11,417 subjects around 55 years of age (6,661 women and 4,756 men). They were divided as the exposed group in which the fetal stage was in CGF, and the unexposed group included those born after CGF. Analysis focused on comparisons between sexes.ResultsCompared to the unexposed group, the BMI and triglyceride (P &lt; 0.05) in men were higher in exposed group, while waist circumference and blood sugar (P &lt; 0.05) in the exposed women were significantly higher. With the ages being properly balanced, the risks of glycolipid metabolic dysfunction were significantly higher in both men and women in the exposed than in the unexposed group (P &lt; 0.001). Prenatal exposure to CGF significantly increased risks of abnormal BMI (P &lt; 0.001, 95% CI: 2.305–2.93), blood sugar (P &lt; 0.05, 95% CI: 1.050–1.401), triglycerides (P &lt; 0.05, 95% CI: 1.006–1.245), and fatty liver (P &lt; 0.001, 95% CI: 1.121–1.390) in men, and increased risks of abnormal blood sugar (P &lt; 0.05, 95% CI: 1.024–1.689) and positive urine sugar (P &lt; 0.05, 95% CI: 1.062–6.211) in women. Height and body weight were either the same or higher in the exposed subjects compared with the unexposed ones, regardless of sexes.ConclusionThis study is the first to identify sex differences in the long-term effects of CGF on metabolism and fatty liver. Importance of the findings include the benefits of prescribing medicine for the early prevention of certain diseases for each sex before aging based on the differences revealed. This study also shows “catch-up growth” in the offspring prenatally exposed to CGF as possible mechanisms underlying the long-term effects.
Personalized Nutrition Intervention Improves Health Status in Overweight/Obese Chinese Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kan Juntao , Ni Jiayi , Xue Kun , Wang Feijie , Zheng Jianheng , Cheng Junrui , Wu Peiying , Runyon Matthew K. , Guo Hongwei , Du Jun 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundOverweight and obesity increase the risk of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Personalized nutrition (PN) approaches may provide tailored nutritional advice/service by focusing on individual's unique characteristics to prevent against NCDs.ObjectiveWe aimed to compare the effect of PN intervention with the traditional “one size fits all” intervention on health status in overweight/obese Chinese adults.MethodsIn this 12-week randomized controlled trial, 400 adults with BMI ≥24 kg/m2 were randomized to control group (CG, n = 200) and PN group (PNG, n = 200). The CG received conventional health guidance according to the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents and Chinese DRIs Handbook, whereas the PNG experienced PN intervention that was developed by using decision trees based on the subjects' anthropometric measurements, blood samples (phenotype), buccal cells (genotype), and dietary and physical activity (PA) assessments (baseline and updated).ResultsCompared with the conventional intervention, PN intervention significantly improved clinical outcomes of anthropometric (e.g., body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, waist circumference) and blood biomarkers (e.g., blood lipids, uric acid, homocysteine). The improvement in clinical outcomes was achieved through behavior change in diet and PA. The subjects in the PNG had higher China dietary guidelines index values and PA levels. Personalized recommendations of “lose weight,” “increase fiber” and “take multivitamin/mineral supplements” were the major contributors to the decrease of BMI and improvement of lipid profile.ConclusionWe provided the first evidence that PN intervention was more beneficial than conventional nutrition intervention to improve health status in overweight/obese Chinese adults. This study provides a model of framework for developing personalized advice in Chinese population.Chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR1900026226).
Development of a Nationally Agreed Core Clinical Dataset for Childhood Onset Uveitis
Authors: Solebo Ameenat Lola , Kellett Salomey , Rahi Jugnoo , Pattani Reshma , Edelsten Clive , Dick Andrew D. , Denniston Alastair ,   The Pediatric Ocular Inflammation UNICORN Study Group
Published: June 2022

BackgroundChildhood onset uveitis comprises a group of rare inflammatory disorders characterized by clinical heterogeneity, chronicity, and uncertainties around long term outcomes. Standardized, detailed datasets with harmonized clinical definitions and terminology are needed to enable the clinical research necessary to stratify disease phenotype and interrogate the putative determinants of health outcomes. We aimed to develop a core routine clinical collection dataset for clinicians managing children with uveitis, suitable for multicenter and national clinical and experimental research initiatives.MethodsDevelopment of the dataset was undertaken in three phases: phase 1, a rapid review of published datasets used in clinical research studies; phase 2, a scoping review of disease or drug registries, national cohort studies and core outcome sets; and phase 3, a survey of members of a multicenter clinical network of specialists. Phases 1 and 2 provided candidates for a long list of variables for the dataset. In Phase 3, members of the UK's national network of stakeholder clinicians who manage childhood uveitis (the Pediatric Ocular Inflammation Group) were invited to select from this long-list their essential items for the core clinical dataset, to identify any omissions, and to support or revise the clinical definitions. Variables which met a threshold of at least 95% agreement were selected for inclusion in the core clinical dataset.ResultsThe reviews identified 42 relevant studies, and 9 disease or drug registries. In total, 138 discrete items were identified as candidates for the long-list. Of the 41 specialists invited to take part in the survey, 31 responded (response rate 78%). The survey resulted in inclusion of 89 data items within the final core dataset: 81 items to be collected at the first visit, and 64 items at follow up visits.DiscussionWe report development of a novel consensus core clinical dataset for the routine collection of clinical data for children diagnosed with non-infectious uveitis. The development of the dataset will provide a standardized approach to data capture able to support observational clinical studies embedded within routine clinical care and electronic patient record capture. It will be validated through a national prospective cohort study, the Uveitis in childhood prospective national cohort study (UNICORNS).
Management of Inedible Airway Foreign Bodies in Pediatric Rigid Bronchoscopy: Experience From a National Children's Regional Medical Center in China
Authors: Xu Bin , Wu Lei , Bi Jing , Liu Jia , Chen Cao , Lin Lexi , Chen Chao , Qiu Fei , Shang Shiqiang 
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study is to analyze the characteristics of inedible airway foreign bodies in pediatric rigid bronchoscopy to facilitate the improvement of management and technology. This retrospective analytical study was performed from January 2017 to June 2020. All admissions of pediatric patients (age&lt;18 years) with foreign-body aspiration diagnosis codes ([ICD]-10:T17 300, T17 400, T17 500 and T17 900) and procedure codes (33.7801) were extracted. Age, sex, preoperative history and imaging data, surgical records, length of hospital stay, reoperations and postoperative complications were included. Data were analyzed with SPSS 20. A total of 1237 patients were hospitalized and underwent rigid bronchoscopy. Forty-five (3.6%) patients with inedible foreign bodies in the airway were confirmed. There were no significant differences in sex, time of onset and length of hospital stay between the inedible and edible foreign body groups, except for age and a definite history of foreign body aspiration (P = 0.000). Coughing, wheezing and fever were the common clinical symptoms in all patients. The following were the common locations of inedible foreign bodies: right bronchus (22/45), left bronchus (18/45), trachea (3/45) and larynx (2/45). The most frequent inedible foreign bodies were parts of a pen (15/45), a light-emitting diode (7/45) and plastic parts of toys (6/45). Vocal cord injury and a laryngeal web were observed in one case each.ConclusionRigid bronchoscopy is the method of choice for the removal of inedible foreign bodies. Adequate preoperative assessment to rely on CT scans, skillful operation techniques to avoid damaging and active management of postoperative complications are important for the success of the procedure.
Segmental Frequency Modulated Probe for Non-Local Effect Reduction in a Pulse-Coded Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analyzer
Authors: Li Zonglei , Zhou Yin , Ye Jia , Hua Zexi , Yan Lianshan 
Published: June 2022

Non-local effect is an important issue for a pulse-coded Brillouin optical time domain analyzer. Segmental frequency modulated probe, with a dedicated frequency step of half the natural Brillouin linewidth of the sensing fiber, is proposed to solve this issue. It can provide a wideband Brillouin gain as well as loss in the frequency band of the pump to alleviate pump distortions and thus non-local effects. This method can narrow the bit interval towards a level limited by the time of the Brillouin gain transition due to frequency switching, resulting in a bit interval as short as 900 ns for a 225 MHz frequency scanning range. A hot spot at the far fiber end is successfully detected even the probe power reaches −3 dBm under a cumulated Brillouin gain of 267.4%.
Development of a Novel Vital-Signs-Based Infection Screening Composite-Type Camera With Truncus Motion Removal Algorithm to Detect COVID-19 Within 10 Seconds and Its Clinical Validation
Authors: Unursaikhan Batbayar , Amarsanaa Gereltuya , Sun Guanghao , Hashimoto Kenichi , Purevsuren Otgonbat , Choimaa Lodoiravsal , Matsui Takemi 
Published: June 2022

Background:To conduct a rapid preliminary COVID-19 screening prior to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test under clinical settings, including patient’s body moving conditions in a non-contact manner, we developed a mobile and vital-signs-based infection screening composite-type camera (VISC-Camera) with truncus motion removal algorithm (TMRA) to screen for possibly infected patients.Methods:The VISC-Camera incorporates a stereo depth camera for respiratory rate (RR) determination, a red–green–blue (RGB) camera for heart rate (HR) estimation, and a thermal camera for body temperature (BT) measurement. In addition to the body motion removal algorithm based on the region of interest (ROI) tracking for RR, HR, and BT determination, we adopted TMRA for RR estimation. TMRA is a reduction algorithm of RR count error induced by truncus non-respiratory front-back motion measured using depth-camera-determined neck movement. The VISC-Camera is designed for mobile use and is compact (22 cm × 14 cm × 4 cm), light (800 g), and can be used in continuous operation for over 100 patients with a single battery charge. The VISC-Camera discriminates infected patients from healthy people using a logistic regression algorithm using RR, HR, and BT as explanatory variables. Results are available within 10 s, including imaging and processing time. Clinical testing was conducted on 154 PCR positive COVID-19 inpatients (aged 18–81 years; M/F = 87/67) within the initial 48 h of hospitalization at the First Central Hospital of Mongolia and 147 healthy volunteers (aged 18–85 years, M/F = 70/77). All patients were on treatment with antivirals and had body temperatures &lt;37.5°C. RR measured by visual counting, pulsimeter-determined HR, and BT determined by thermometer were used for references.Result:10-fold cross-validation revealed 91% sensitivity and 90% specificity with an area under receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.97. The VISC-Camera-determined HR, RR, and BT correlated significantly with those measured using references (RR:r= 0.93,p&lt; 0.001; HR:r= 0.97,p&lt; 0.001; BT:r= 0.72,p&lt; 0.001).Conclusion:Under clinical settings with body motion, the VISC-Camera with TMRA appears promising for the preliminary screening of potential COVID-19 infection for afebrile patients with the possibility of misdiagnosis as asymptomatic.
Effects of Meteorological Factors and Atmospheric Pollution on Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in Urumqi Region
Authors: Ren Fang-rong , Abodurezhake Yakup , Cui Zhe , Zhang Miao , Wang Yu-yu , Zhang Xue-rong , Lu Yao-qin 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundHand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a febrile rash infection caused by enteroviruses, spreading mainly via the respiratory tract and close contact. In the past two decades, HFMD has been prevalent mainly in Asia, including China and South Korea, causing a huge disease burden and putting the lives and health of children at risk. Therefore, a further study of the factors influencing HFMD incidences has far-reaching implications. In existing studies, the environmental factors affecting such incidences are mainly divided into two categories: meteorological and air. Among these studies, the former are the majority of studies on HFMD. Some scholars have studied both factors at the same, but the number is not large and the findings are quite different.MethodsWe collect monthly cases of HFMD in children, meteorological factors and atmospheric pollution in Urumqi from 2014 to 2020. Trend plots are used to understand the approximate trends between meteorological factors, atmospheric pollution and the number of HFMD cases. The association between meteorological factors, atmospheric pollution and the incidence of HFMD in the Urumqi region of northwest China is then investigated using multiple regression models.ResultsA total of 16,168 cases in children are included in this study. According to trend plots, the incidence of HFMD shows a clear seasonal pattern, with O3 (ug/m3) and temperature (°C) showing approximately the same trend as the number of HFMD cases, while AQI, PM2.5 (ug/m3), PM10 (ug/m3) and NO2 (ug/m3) all show approximately opposite trends to the number of HFMD cases. Based on multiple regression results, O3 (P = 0.001) and average station pressure (P = 0.037) are significantly and negatively associated with HFMD incidences, while SO2 (P = 0.102), average dew point temperature (P = 0.072), hail (P = 0.077), and thunder (P = 0.14) have weak significant relationships with them.
Transformative Encounters: A Narrative Review of Involving People Living With HIV/AIDS in Public Health Teaching
Authors: Namer Yudit , Drüke Florian , Razum Oliver 
Published: June 2022

Objectives: To collate the experiences of involvement of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in academic public health teaching to inform future public health education models involving people affected by long-term effects of other pandemics. Our goal is to describe interventions in a way that makes them accessible to potential public health teachers hoping to adapt patient involvement paradigms in their teaching of chronic illness brought on by infectious diseases.Methods: Narrative review based on a literature search in PubMed and Google Scholar up to September 2021. Fifteen articles that contained a description of a health educational intervention on HIV/AIDS that actively involved PLWHA were included.Results: Interventions either involved PLWHA as teachers and program/curriculum developers or incorporated experiential elements in which students have genuine contact with PLWHA. Creating safe spaces, recognizing PLWHA as experts, relating to each other differently were common transformative elements.Conclusion: Involving PLWHA in public health teaching have transformative and empowering outcomes, both for PLWHA and for learners. This finding should inform new teaching programs that will address the long-term effects of other pandemics such as COVID-19.
Electronic origin of phase stability in Mg–Zn–Y alloys with a long-period stacking order
Authors: Tsumuraya Takao , Momida Hiroyoshi , Oguchi Tamio 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The origin of the phase stability of 18R Mg–Zn–Y alloys with a long-period stacking order (LPSO) is studied using first-principles calculations. We calculate the heat of formation as a function of the number of Zn vacancies to discuss the role of Zn atoms. The calculated convex hull indicates that the Zn atoms in the LPSO alloys are stable even if they number about half of the Y atoms. The bonding state with Zn p orbitals leads to the stability of the LPSO structure because the partial density of states of Mg nearest to the solute cluster forms a valley structure.
Validasi Curah Hujan Data TerraClimate dengan Data Pengamatan BMKG di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Suryanto Joko , Faisol Arif 
Published: June 2022

Estimasi curah hujan memanfaatkan data hujan bentuk grid merupakan alternatif untuk memperoleh data hujan yang terbatas karena sedikitnya pengamatan pada wilayah yang luas. TerraClimate menyediakan data curah hujan bulanan dalam bentuk grid dengan resolusi spasial dan temporal yang tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi akurasi data TerraClimate dalam mengestimasi curah hujan bulanan di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Penelitian menggunakan data curah hujan TerraCLimate dan penakar hujan dari Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG) periode tahun 1996 - 2020 (25 tahun) pada 8 stasiun meteorologi yang tersebar di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Uji konsistensi data curah hujan bulanan TerraClimate dan data BMKG dilakukan menggunakan metode Rescaled Adjusted Partial Sums (RAPS). Akurasi data TerraClimate ditentukan menggunakan nilai Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), persen bias (PBIAS) dan koefisien korelasi Pearson (R). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai MAE berkisar antara 58 – 106 mm, nilai RMSE antara 93,3 – 133,8 mm, nilai PBIAS antara 0,45% – (-12,2%), dan koefisien korelasi antara 0,47 – 0,71. Nilai rerata PBIAS diperoleh 1,89% dan koefisien korelasi data TerraClimate secara keseluruhan 0,62 yang menunjukkan data TerraClimate mempunyai akurasi sangat baik dengan tingkat korelasi yang kuat.