bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Kisangani Gestational Women: Prevalence and Germs Involved
Authors: Georgette Mwetaminwa Sangani , Gédéon Katenga Bosunga , Jean-Didier Bosenge-Nguma , Noël Labama Otuli , Mike-Antoine Maindo Alongo , Jean-Jeannot Juakali Sihalikyolo , Emmanuel Komanda Likwekwe , Antoine Modia O'yandjo 
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Urinary tract infection is a real public health problem. Asymptomatic bacteriuria, when not detected and treated, turns into pyelonephritis in 30 to 40% of cases, leading to both maternal and fetal complications, which would explain its high morbidity during pregnancy, especially in developing countries. Our objective is to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria and to identify the germs involved in Kisangani.
Methods: This is a descriptive, prospective, multi-site study conducted among 424 pregnant women in four health facilities in the city of Kisangani, all aged 14 to 45 years, received and followed in prenatal consultations from November 25, 2019 to June 25, 2020 and having given written informed consent to participate in the study. Cytobacteriological examination of urine was performed after collection of mid-morning urine in the laboratory of the University Clinics of Kisangani. The data collected were compiled using the Excel spreadsheet program (Microsoft, CDC, 2010) and then imported for analysis using the Epi Info software© 7.2.2.6 in its Stat Cal function.
Results: The prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria was 45.75%. Pregnant women between 20 and 34 years old had the most asymptomatic bacteriuria with 72.68%, pauci pares in 48.97% and in their second trimester of pregnancy in 61.34% of cases. 86.08% lived in a union, 60.82% were unemployed, 65.98% had secondary education, 50% had a low socioeconomic level and 48.97% had a history of cervico-vaginal infection. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were the most frequently encountered germs.
Conclusion: Asymptomatic bacteriuria is a reality among pregnant women in Kisangani. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are the most frequently encountered germs; screening and management on the basis of culture and antibiogram results are essential for maternal-fetal well-being.
Implementation of the Bologna Process Credit Value System: A Comparative Analysis of the Cameroonian and UK Universities
Authors: Vuban Joyce Afuh , Mekolle Prosper Mbelle 
Published: May 2022

The ‘external dimension’ of the Bologna Process (BP) has enhanced the scientific interest in the influence of the ‘Bologna Message’ outside Europe, with the 2006 Zgaga report focusing on the prospects of global adaptation among non-European ‘partners’. Many African countries have aligned themselves with the BP by adapting their curricular structure and qualifications in line with the European Bologna architecture geared at maintaining relationships with their ex-colonial European imperialists; for instance, Cameroon, and its ex-imperialists Britain and France. Arguably, although the BP has sparked convergence at the higher global level, many divergences occur at the lower national/institutional levels. This article compares and contrasts the implementation of the BP reform in Cameroonian and UK universities with a focus on the credit value system. It employs Bennett’s model of policy convergence as theoretical framework. Using a qualitative approach, it thematically analyses secondary data (text documents). Findings indicate that although the Cameroonian and UK HE systems converge by adopting the BP credit system, both HE systems diverge upon implementation resulting from different outcomes, problems and/or criticisms encountered. Knowledge of the findings are relevant in providing insights on the BP realities which can be informative in drawing up stocktaking reports (regarding the achievements and failures of the reform), redirect focus, assessments and facilitate future monitoring and progress of the reform within the Bologna community.
Role of Contact Tracing in COVID 19: A Tertiary Health Care Experience from South India
Authors: John Susan , Subrahmanian Suremya A. , John Sunitha Mary , Nair Shiv Kumar 
Published: May 2022

Introduction: As the cases surge in the ongoing COVID 19 pandemic, key lessons on the transmission dynamics among health care workers (HCWs) in a hospital setting through effective contact tracing will help strengthen an already overworked healthcare system.
Materials & Methodology: All HCWs who were exposed to laboratory confirmed cases of COVID 19 reported in the hospital during the period April 2020 to November 2021 were contacted. History regarding onset of symptoms, high risk and low risk contacts at the workplace from within 48 hours prior to onset of symptoms (symptomatic) or being tested positive (in asymptomatic) were enquired. Subsequently, among high risk contacts, staff turning positive following exposure were examined to ascertain factors associated with COVID 19 transmission
Results: A total of 184 staff was quarantined as high risk contacts following exposure to a COVID positive fellow worker or patient. Of this, 29.3% (54) turned positive. Factors associated with acquisition of COVID 19 disease identified were lack of use of goggles/ face shield during an aerosol generating procedure, spending excess time together during coffee breaks or in changing rooms. Vaccination, prompt reporting of symptoms and testing helped to curtail clusters through prompt contact tracing.
Conclusion: Judicious use of Personal Protective Equipments (PPE) with universal masking, vaccination, hand hygiene and following social distancing helps control of COVID 19 transmission in hospitals. Health Care workers especially of the non clinical sector must be well trained in infection control practices & PPE usage. Active surveillance and dynamic contact tracing effectively identifies as well as increases awareness in high risk areas that curtails COVID 19 clusters within the hospital.
Determining the Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management and Panchagavya Spray on Yield and Economics of Rice in India
Authors: Sindhu Veluri Sree , Singh Rajesh , Indu Thakur 
Published: May 2022

A field study was conducted during Kharif 2021 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P), India. The soil texture of the experimental plot was sandy loam, with a pH of 7.8, low organic carbon (0.35 percent), available N (243 kg/ha), available P (20.10 kg/ha), and available K (105 kg/ha). The Study was laid out in Randomized Block Design, with nine treatments consists of viz., 1 : (RDF 50% + FYM 5t/ha) +P1 -3%, 2 : (RDF 50% + FYM 5t/ha) +P2 - 6%, 3 : (RDF 50% + FYM 5t/ha) +P3 - 9%, 4: (RDF 75% +FYM 5t/ha) + P1 - 3%, 5 : (RDF 75% + FYM 5t/ha) + P2 -6%, 6 : (RDF75% + FYM 5t/ha) + P3- 9%, 7 : (RDF 100% +FYM 5t/ha) + P1 -3%, 8 : (RDF 100% + FYM 5t/ha) +P2- 6%, 9 : (RDF 100% + FYM 5t/ha) + P3 - 9% and were replicated thrice. Results obtained that there was significant increase in yield parameters viz., Number of panicles /hill (12.53), Number of grains/hill (118.13), Panicle length (32.13 cm), Test weight (24.27 g),Grain yield (6.28 t/ha), Straw yield (7.91t/ha) and Harvest index (44.25%) were recorded with the application of (RDF 100% + FYM 5t/ha) + P2-6%.The maximum Gross return (169650.00 INR/ha), Net return (115561.00 INR/ha) and B:C ratio (2.14) is recorded in treatment with (RDF 100% + FYM 5t/ha) +P2-6%. Therefore, it is concluded that the application of (RDF 100% + FYM 5t/ha) +P2-6% was more productive and economically feasible.
Hysteroscopic Finding in Patients with Secondary Infertility at Tanta University Hospitals
Authors: Kabeil Enas Gamal , Ageez Mai Nabil , Algergawy Adel Elsayed , Freikha Ahmed Hussein Abu 
Published: May 2022

Background: About 7.5% of married couples experience infertility. It has been reported that an abnormal uterine finding occurs in approximately 40% of infertile women. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of Hysteroscopy in diagnosing the abnormalities of the uterine cavity among female having secondary infertility at Tanta University Hospitals.
Methods: This study was conducted on 80 women referred for diagnostic hysteroscopy due to secondary infertility. All patients were subjected to complete history taking, clinical examination and routine laboratory investigation. Patients also were subjected to vaginal speculum examination, ultrasound, hysteroscopic examination and hysteroscopic septum resection, hysteroscopic myomectomy.
Results: The mean age of the included cases was 31.46 ± 6.07 years, and their median age was 30 years with range 19 and 40 years. The highest percentage of the included cases were in the age group between 19 and 30 years (56.25%) followed by the age group between 31 and 40 years (53,75%). There were 41 housewives (51.3%) and the remaining 39 (48.7%) were working. The highest percentage of the cases came from rural areas (61.3%) and 38.7% from urban areas.
Conclusions: Our data are an additional argument to suggest hysteroscopy as part of investigation in infertile woman. Routine diagnostic hysteroscopy and ultrasound should be part of an infertility workup secondary infertility. Obesity is associated with hormonal derangement which are responsible for infertility weight loss should be considered as a first line treatment.
Effect of Temperature on the Dimensional Accuracy of Irreversible Hydrocolloid Material at Different Storage Time Intervals
Authors: Talpur Paras , Gul Waheed , Kohro Muslim , Memon Rizwan , Syed Maria , Soomro Sidra 
Published: May 2022

Aims: In this competitive arena, dentists are inevitably searching for dimensionally more stable and accurate material to produce precise, effective prosthesis. Amongst many impression materials used on a day-to-day basis, irreversible hydrocolloid impression materials are most commonly utilized due to easy manipulation, hydrophilic nature, elastic recovery, accuracy and cost-effectiveness. The main objective of this study was to observe the effect of temperature and storage time on the accuracy of an irreversible hydrocolloid material.
Study Design: Experimental and in-vitro study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Prosthodontics and Research Medical Centre, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, February 2019 to July 2019.
Methodology: Total one hundred and five impressions cast models were made using irreversible hydrocolloid impression material (Hygedent) from ideal maxillary dentoform model. There were three temperatures (25°C,35°C and 45°C) and two storage timings (15 minutes and 25 minutes) along with one control group (immediate pouring). Measurements were taken utilizing digital Vernier Caliper. On each cast, two measurements were recorded in a linear manner including anteroposterior (AP) and Cross arch (CA).
Results: Results revealed that there is a significant difference between anteroposterior dimensional changes of distance from Mesial surface of maxillary right central incisor to distal surface of maxillary right first molar and cross-arch dimensional changes of distance from distal surface of maxillary right first molar to distal surface of maxillary left first molar at different storage temperatures and time intervals. This indicates that the dimensions are increasing directly as storage time and temperature increases which might be because of shrinkage of material due to increase in time of pouring. Shrinkage causes material to pull it towards the tray and increase the dimensions.
Conclusion: This study concluded that the best results could be obtained with immediate pouring at 25°C temperature as compared to other observed temperatures.
Comparison of Effects of Azadirachta indica Mouth Rinse on Streptococcus mutans and P. gingivilis
Authors: Kamran Fatimah , Iqbal Uzma Anam , Naseem Syeda Bisma , Israr Syeda Noor , Nazrah-E-Zahrah . , Ashar Faizan 
Published: May 2022

Background: Leaves of Azadirachta indica have been studied vastly to observe their pharmacological properties. The leaves of the Neem tree and the constituents present in the leaves have reported antibacterial, antihyperglycaemic, immunomodulatory, antiulcer, antimalarial, antifungal, antiviral, antimutagenic, and anticarcinogenic properties. Conventional mouthwashes, containing chlorhexidine, used for their antimicrobial effect against bacteria in the oral cavity have certain adverse effects including alteration in taste, tartar formation and staining of teeth, restoration, and sometimes tongue. Hence the study was aimed to analyze the antimicrobial activity of Azadirachta indica mouth rinse against Streptococcus mutans and P. gingivilis colonies.
Methodology: It was an in-vivo preclinical experimental study conducted at Baqai Medical and Dental College Karachi., from February 2022 to March 2022. The calculated sample size was n =60. The participants were given an envelope for group randomization. The organisms were grown on appropriate media and extract was prepared and diluted. The extract was diluted in distilled water at 1:4 (Extract: Distilled water) concentration. Study participants were instructed to not brush their teeth before sampling. Study participants were divided into three groups (negative control, positive control, Neem tree extract rinse group) each group had 20 participants. Diluted neem tree extract was given to the experimental group for rinses, distilled water was given to the negative control group and positive controls were given a standard commercially available mouth rinse. The next sample of plaque was collected after two hours to observe the effects of neem tree leaves extract on bacterial colonies.
Results: The growth of colonies was calculated on growth media plates in samples collected before rinsing and samples that were taken after the rinsing. The pre and post samples showed a significant (p-value <0.05) decrease in the number of colonies in the positive control group (conventional rinse) and neem leaf extract group. The intragroup comparison of negative and positive control showed a significant difference in the number of colonies and the same was observed with the neem leaf extract rinse. However, the positive control and the Neem leaves extract comparison was insignificant.
Conclusion: The Azadirachta indica leaf extract has better or equal efficacy against oral microflora when compared with the standard chlorhexidine containing conventional mouth wash.
Harmonic Scalpel versus Electrocautery: An Experience of Modified Radical Mastectomy at Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Munir Ambreen , Khan Ramsha , Bhatti Aisha Masroor , Bukhari Sorath , Jalees Urham , Sangrasi Maira , Shah Syed Zulfiquar Ali , Tagar Kanwal Ahmed 
Published: May 2022

Background: The harmonic scalpel, commonly used in laparoscopic surgery, now has promise for MRM dissection. The harmonic scalpel's high frequency mechanical vibrations cut and coagulate intraoperatively at the same time, generating less heat injury than electrocautery.
Objective: To compare the outcome of modified radical mastectomy using harmonic scalpel versus electrocautery at tertiary care teaching hospital.
Methodology: The randomized controlled trial was conducted from 12th September 2018 11th March 2019 at Department of Surgery, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Science, Jamshoro. A total of 128 patients with infiltrating ductal carcinoma undergoing modified radical mastectomy, 20 to 50 years of age were included. Chronic Hepatitis, diabetes, and neo-adjuvant treatment patients were excluded. Modified radical mastectomy employing harmonic scalpel for Group A and electrocautery for Group B. Postoperative problems such as seroma development, postoperative hematoma, marginal necrosis, lymphedema, and wound infection were also observed.
Results: The mean age of women in group A was 39.81 ± 6.73 years and in group B was 39.45 ± 6.60 years. Mean duration of disease was 5.41 ± 1.91 months. The frequency of seroma formation in harmonic scalpel group as 7.81% vs 26.56% in electrocautery group, p=0.005), frequency of pain is 53.13% vs 68.75% respectively, p=0.070, frequency of hematoma is 1.56% vs 17.19% respectively, p=0.002), frequency of marginal necrosis was 0.0% vs 7.81% respectively, p=0.023), lymphedema 3.13% vs 14.06% respectively, p=0.027) and wound infection 17.19% vs 35.94% respectively, p=0.016.
Conclusion: This research indicated that harmonic scalpel is superior to electrocautery in modified radical mastectomy.
Problems, Common Beliefs and Procedures on the Use of Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling in Business Research
Authors: Putra Wawas Bangun Tegar Sunaryo 
Published: May 2022

Partial least squares structural equation modeling (commonly referred to as PLS-SEM) was not developed without reason. PLS-SEM was developed as an alternative to covariance-based SEM, allowing researchers to conduct exploratory research. In addition, PLS-SEM is considered capable of providing flexibility related to data characteristics, model complexity, and model specifications. Undoubtedly, PLS-SEM is the most frequently used method in many fields of business research. However, many researchers use PLS-SEM incorrectly and even expect more without understanding the basic structural equation modeling method. For this reason, this article will discuss various types of problems and general beliefs about the use of PLS-SEM in business research. In addition, this article can be used as a reference to make it easier for applied researchers to decide what methods, techniques, and tools will be used to complete their research. In addition, at the end of this article, we will discuss how PLS-SEM can be applied to develop theory in business research through a series of technical introductions taking into account user needs. Subsequently, this article will be equipped with a systematic procedure that discusses the evaluation flow of each PLS-SEM test through illustrations with a notated model using SmartPLS.
Designing a Redox Heterojunction for Photocatalytic “Overall Nitrogen Fixation” under Mild Conditions
Authors: Xia Pengfei , Pan Xiancheng , Jiang Shenlong , Yu Jiaguo , He Bowen , Ismail Pir Muhammad , Bai Wei , Yang Jingjing , Yang Lan , Zhang Huanhuan , Cheng Ming , Li Huiyi , Zhang Qun , Xiao Chong , Xie Yi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAmmonia and nitrates are the most fundamental and significant raw ingredients in human society. Till now, industrial synthetic ammonia by Haber–Bosch process and industrial synthetic nitrates by the Ostwald process have encountered increasingly serious challenges, i.e., high energy consumption, high cost, and environment‐harmful gas emissions. Therefore, developing alternative approaches to achieve nitrogen fixation to overcome the inherent deficiencies of the well‐established Haber–Bosch and Ostwald processes has fascinated scientists for many years, especially the simultaneous formation of ammonia and nitrate directly from N2 molecules, which has been rarely studied. Herein, a heterojunction‐based photocatalytic system is designed to successfully achieve “overall nitrogen fixation,” a sustainable and simultaneous conversion of N2 molecules into ammonia and nitrate products under mild conditions. In this heterojunction, interfacial charge redistribution (ICR) promotes selective accumulations of photogenerated electrons and holes in the CdS and WO3 components. As a result, N2 molecules can be activated and reduced to ammonia products with yields of 35.8 µmol h−1 g−1 by a multi‐electron process, and synchronously oxidized into nitrate products with yields of 14.2 µmol h−1 g−1 by a hole‐induced oxidation coupling process. This work provides a novel insight and promising approach to realize artificial nitrogen fixation under mild condition.
Biotemplated Shell Micromotors for Efficient Degradation of Antibiotics via Enhanced Peroxymonosulfate Activation
Authors: Wang Ke , Ma Enhui , Wang Hong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSelf‐propelled magnetic MnO2@pollen micromotors have been developed as active heterogeneous catalysts of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation for efficient degradation of antibiotics. The MnO2 nanosheets (NSs) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) are constructed on hollow pollens with small openings, endowing the natural materials with multifunctional properties. MnO2 NSs can decompose H2O2 to provide propulsion for micromotor movement, and also cooperate with Fe3O4 NPs to activate PMS to produce active free radicals SO4·−. Together with the OH· generated by Fe3O4 NPs and H2O2, the prepared micromotor catalyst can realize the degradation of tetracycline (TC) within several minutes. The self‐propulsion and abundant bubble formation cause effective fluid mixing and intensification of mass transfer, making up the low diffusivity defect of traditional heterogeneous catalysts. Moreover, the magnetic properties lay a foundation for the long‐range magnetic control and reutilization of heterogeneous catalysts, avoiding wastage and secondary contamination. The proposed self‐propelled pollen micromotors provide a highly efficient, economic, and environmentally friendly platform for the degradation of antibiotics.
Synchronous Disintegration of Ferroptosis Defense Axis via Engineered Exosome‐Conjugated Magnetic Nanoparticles for Glioblastoma Therapy
Authors: Li Boyan , Chen Xin , Qiu Wei , Zhao Rongrong , Duan Jiazhi , Zhang Shouji , Pan Ziwen , Zhao Shulin , Guo Qindong , Qi Yanhua , Wang Wenhan , Deng Lin , Ni Shilei , Sang Yuanhua , Xue Hao , Liu Hong , Li Gang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most fatal central nervous system tumors and lacks effective or sufficient therapies. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered method of programmed cell death and opens a new direction for GBM treatment. However, poor blood–brain barrier (BBB) penetration, reduced tumor targeting ability, and potential compensatory mechanisms hinder the effectiveness of ferroptosis agents during GBM treatment. Here, a novel composite therapeutic platform combining the magnetic targeting features and drug delivery properties of magnetic nanoparticles with the BBB penetration abilities and siRNA encapsulation properties of engineered exosomes for GBM therapy is presented. This platform can be enriched in the brain under local magnetic localization and angiopep‐2 peptide‐modified engineered exosomes can trigger transcytosis, allowing the particles to cross the BBB and target GBM cells by recognizing the LRP‐1 receptor. Synergistic ferroptosis therapy of GBM is achieved by the combined triple actions of the disintegration of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase and the glutathione peroxidase 4 ferroptosis defense axis with Fe3O4 nanoparticle‐mediated Fe2+ release. Thus, the present findings show that this system can serve as a promising platform for the treatment of glioblastoma.
Regulation of Nucleotide Metabolism with Nutrient‐Sensing Nanodrugs for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Wang Xinye , Su Wen , Jiang Yongbin , Jia Fuhao , Huang Wenping , Zhang Jie , Yin Yue , Wang Hai 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe continual growth of tumor cells requires considerable nutrient consumption. Methotrexate (MTX) is used to treat certain types of cancer by blocking the DNA and RNA productions through interfering one‐carbon metabolism and de novo purine and pyrimidine synthesis. However, treatment of MTX may cause many serious adverse effects, which hamper its clinical application. Herein, the authors synthesize ferrous ions, histidine, and MTX assembled nanoparticles (FHM) to deliver MTX at tumor site and enhance the sensitivity of tumor cells to MTX with histidine catabolism. Furthermore, fasting‐mimicking diet (FMD) is applied to intervene in the one‐carbon metabolism and enhance the cytotoxicity of MTX. Meanwhile, FMD treatment can significantly augment the cellular uptake and tumor accumulation of FHM nanoparticles. Due to the triple inhibitions of the one‐carbon metabolism, the proliferation of tumor cells is strongly disturbed, as which is highly replying on DNA and RNA production. Taken together, a 95% lower dose of MTX adopted in combined therapy significantly inhibits the growth of two types of murine tumors without evident systemic toxicity. This strategy may provide a promising nucleotide metabolism‐based nanomedicine for cancer therapy.