bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of bifacial module technologies with combined‐accelerated stress testing
Authors: Hacke Peter , Kumar Akash , Terwilliger Kent , Ndione Paul , Spataru Sergiu , Pavgi Ashwini , Choudhury Kaushik Roy , Tamizhmani Govindasamy 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn view of the increasing interest and market share of bifacial cells and modules, suitable substrates such as glass and transparent backsheets along with ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and polyolefin elastomer (POE) encapsulants were examined in combined‐accelerated stress testing (C‐AST) to evaluate and compare degradation modes. Testing with both monofacial and bifacial cells, we found that glass–glass modules with monofacial cells led to greater grid finger breakage than those with polymeric backsheets. This is attributed to previous X‐ray topography and modeling work showing higher stress in cells and interconnections in glass–glass modules than glass backsheet modules. Consistent with the objectives of C‐AST, which stresses modules at levels corresponding to the limits seen in the natural environment, we observed the UV‐fluorescence signatures of modules tested in C‐AST (considering the degradation associated with developing chromophores, moisture penetration, and photobleaching effects) to be like those in fielded modules, more so than other chamber stress testing implemented for comparison. We found light‐induced degradation (LID) in module types with regenerated (inactive) cells with C‐AST, suggesting the possibility of LID destabilization in some field conditions. We could also distinguish potential‐induced degradation (PID) on the back of the bifacial passivated emitter and rear cells (PERC) in C‐AST. Confirming with ex situ tests, we found polarization‐type PID most prevalent in glass‐glass modules with EVA as would be anticipated considering the greater leakage current through such module encapsulation. Unlike PID tests performed in the dark, which can lead to false positive PID test results, field‐representative illumination is experienced by the modules on the front and back sides while −1200 V system voltage is applied in C‐AST, supporting the conclusion that this module type with glass‐glass construction would be susceptible to PID in the field.
The N‐terminus of obscurin is flexible in solution
Authors: Mauriello Gianna E. , Moncure Grace E. , Nowzari Roujon A. , Miller Callie J. , Wright Nathan T. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe N‐terminal half of the giant cytoskeletal protein obscurin is comprised of more than 50 Ig‐like domains, arranged in tandem. Domains 18–51 are connected to each other through short 5‐residue linkers, and this arrangement has been previously shown to form a semi‐flexible rod in solution. Domains 1–18 generally have slightly longer ~7 residue interdomain linkers, and the multidomain structure and motion conferred by this kind of linker is understudied. Here, we use NMR, SAXS, and MD to show that these longer linkers are associated with significantly more domain/domain flexibility, with the resulting multidomain structure being moderately compact. Further examination of the relationship between interdomain flexibility and linker length shows there is a 5 residue “sweet spot” linker length that results in dual‐domain systems being extended, and conversely that both longer or shorter linkers result in a less extended structure. This detailed knowledge of the obscurin N terminus structure and flexibility allowed for mathematical modeling of domains 1–18, which suggests that this region likely forms tangles if left alone in solution. Given how infrequently protein tangles occur in nature, and given the pathological outcomes that occur when tangles do arise, our data suggest that obscurin is likely either significantly scaffolded or else externally extended in the cell.
New insights into phosphorus biphilicity: Stereochemistry of monocyclic aminophosphoranes formation
Authors: Mejri Alia , Fliss Outaf , Essalah Khaled , Boughdiri Mohamed Ali , Picaud Fabien , Tangour Bahoueddine , Sayari Abdelhamid 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOxidative addition of aliphatic amine on monocyclic 2‐R‐1,3,2‐dioxaphospholane (R = methyl or phenyl) leading to phosphoranes bearing a PH axial bond was investigated using a combined theoretical and experimental approach. The reaction followed first order kinetics for both reactants. The activation parameters were consistent with a concerted mechanism exhibiting stereo, enantio, and regio specificities. Systematic density functional theory studies including reactivity descriptors, structural parameters, determination of all possible phosphorane isomers, their transition states and their formation mechanisms were carried out to delineate the reaction pathway. Depending on the nature of the atom in the final apical position (H, N of the amine, or C of the methyl), three types of phosphoranes were identified. Energy profiles, using the intrinsic reaction coordinate technique for the formation of each isomer, were established. It was shown that the phosphorus biphilicity acts in three consecutive sequences, namely nitrogen nucleophilic attack leading to a supermolecule structure, nucleophilic behavior of phosphorus in the transition state zone of influence, and electrophilic approach of the nitrogen atom to complete the reaction. Phosphorane with an equatorial PH bond was found to be a kinetic product that transforms rapidly to the thermodynamically stable isomer with axial PH via two consecutive Berry pseudo‐rotations. A new tool, referred to reactive internal reaction coordinates, was introduced to represent the reaction path more clearly.
Prevalence and pattern of soft‐tissue rheumatism in a rural community in South‐South Nigeria: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Agbebaku Folasade , Emorinken Airenakho , Agbebaku Solomon 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundSoft tissue rheumatism arises from the pathology of periarticular structures. They are marked by pain and disability. Epidemiological studies in sub‐Saharan Africa are sparse. This study aimed to determine the epidemiology of soft‐tissue rheumatism in a rural community in South‐South Nigeria.MethodsThis was a community‐based, cross‐sectional study conducted from February to July 2017 in South‐South Nigeria among 319 participants using the Community Oriented Program for the Control of Rheumatic Diseases (COPCORD) methodology. Participants aged 18 years and older were included in the study. Subjects reporting positive musculoskeletal pain were examined for specific soft tissue rheumatism. The diagnosis was based on established criteria.ResultsThe mean age of the study population was 48.87 ± 19.58 years. The prevalence of soft‐tissue rheumatism was 11.0% (35/319). Soft tissue rheumatism was more prevalent in females (24, 68.6%) than in males (11, 31.4%). The most common form of soft‐tissue rheumatism diagnosed was adhesive capsulitis (20.0%), closely followed by rotator cuff tendinitis (14.3%), carpal tunnel syndrome (14.3%), and plantar fasciitis (14.3%). Age (p = 0.06), body mass index (p = 0.034), and dyslipidemia (p = 0.028) were significantly associated with the prevalence of soft‐tissue rheumatism. A significant disability index (HAQ‐DI ≥ 1) was recorded in 40.0% of participants with soft tissue rheumatism. Twelve (34.3%) participants with soft‐tissue rheumatism attributed the disorder to their work, and 74.3% used hospital‐prescribed medications for treatment.ConclusionSoft‐tissue rheumatism is associated with a significant disability affecting activities of daily living. Factors associated with its prevalence include increasing age and obesity.
Eurasian wanderer: an island sabre‐toothed cat (Felidae, Machairodontinae) in the Far East
Authors: Tsai Cheng‐Hsiu , Tseng Zhijie Jack 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMachairodontinae, including the famous Smilodon and Homotherium, was an iconic Pleistocene carnivore lineage that occupied a critical ecological palaeo‐niche and is thought to have had a profound impact on ice‐age ecosystem structure. Recent ancient molecular studies on Homotherium suggest a wider distribution than that inferred from the fossil record, highlighting a need for additional fieldwork, fossil collection, and research in understudied geographic regions. After the original publication 80 years ago that identified a Pleistocene carnivore fossil as Felis sp. in Taiwan, here we revise its identification and demonstrate the presence of the large machairodontine cat, cf. Homotherium sp., in the Pleistocene of Taiwan, suggesting the eastern‐most occurrence of this lineage in Eurasia. Our results also emphasize the importance of fossil curation and in‐depth research in elucidating regional hidden diversity and lost ecosystem structure for the understanding faunal turnover and the origin of modern biodiversity.
Personal support and its impact on the mental health of first‐generation and transfer students
Authors: Mikell Jamie Gilbert , Davis William J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFirst‐generation college students (FGCS) face unique challenges compared to non‐first‐generation peers. Lack of personal, emotional, financial, or psychological support may create difficulties adapting to college. The focus on affordability in higher education and lowering the cost of a bachelor's degree has also made the transfer process an essential part of degree completion for many, with only 41% of transfer students pursuing a bachelor's degree will achieve that goal. Research has made the connection that diminished personal support from parental figures may impact the mental health of FGCS transfer students, leading to higher dropout, lower retention, and lower degree completion rates. Students who experienced increased personal support might experience fewer mental health issues, resulting in a higher chance of degree completion. Future research implications include prioritizing support systems and mental health services to aid FGCS and transfer students lacking personal support in degree completion.
Instructional design for transfer students
Authors: Stanford Morgan , DeCicco Tracey , Cox Heather , Bergantz Letitia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAt Athens State University, every student is a transfer student. As an institution that enrolls mostly non‐traditional students, faculty and instructional designers understand the importance of accommodating the unique instructional needs of each student in order for them to have a seamless transition into the environment of an upper‐level institution. The diversity of each student's educational experiences can make streamlining instruction a bit challenging. Athens State faculty, in conjunction with instructional design staff, use a specific set of processes and tools to design, develop, and teach courses that are effective, engaging, and most importantly, student centered.
Transfer friendliness at Athens State University
Authors: Bowden Elizabeth 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAthens State University is an upper‐division university that serves junior and senior undergraduate students, as well as graduate students. 100% of the students enrolled transfer from another institution. The sustainability of ASU requires policies and procedures that make the transfer process seamless and foster student success. As funding for public higher education becomes more competitive at the state level, public institutions are becoming more reliant on tuition, therefore embracing policies including a transfer‐friendly approach that positively affects student persistence and retention is a necessity. This section examines the concept of transfer friendliness at Athens State University. Also provided are recommendations for managing transfer‐friendly policies in a post‐COVID‐19 environment at a public university.
Comparison of the Effective Isotropic Radiated Power Parameter in CYGNSS v2.1 and v3.0 Level 1 Data and Its Impact on Soil Moisture Estimation
Authors: Setti Paulo T. , Dam Tonie van 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) is the measured radiated power of an antenna pointed in a specific direction. For the Global Positioning System (GPS), the EIRP is a function of the transmitted power and the gain of the transmitting antenna. It is a fundamental observation used for estimating surface reflectivity that can be used to estimate near-surface soil moisture. Most investigations of GPS EIRP for soil moisture used level 1 version 2.1 data from the eight satellites of the Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) mission. The newer version 3.0 introduces a dynamic EIRP calibration algorithm with the variations in GPS transmit power being tracked using the direct signal power measured by the navigation receivers. In this paper we compare the estimated EIRP from versions 2.1 and 3.0 for the year of 2020. We correlate the estimated surface reflectivity with reference soil moisture observations from the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission provided on a 9x9 km grid using the bistatic radar equation for coherent reflections. The correlation of CYGNSS with SMAP is slightly improved using version 3.0 versus 2.1 with average of 0.10 and maximum of 0.30. The advantage of version 3.0 was most noticeable in areas where soil moisture retrieval is challenging, such as the arid and densely vegetated regions of the world.
Islands and the de Sitter entropy bound
Authors: Teresi Daniele 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The de Sitter (dS) entropy bound gives the maximal number of e-folds that non-eternal inflation can last before violating the thermodynamical interpretation of dS space. This semiclassical argument is the analogue, for dS space, of the Black-Hole information paradox. We use techniques developed to address the latter, namely the island formula, to calculate semiclassically the fine-grained entropy as seen by a Minkowskian observer after inflation and find that this follows a Page-like curve, never exceeding the thermodynamic dS entropy. This calculation, performed for a CFT in 2D gravity, suggests that the semiclassical expectation should be modified in such a way that the entropy bound might actually not be present.
An asymmetric SIMP dark matter model
Authors: Ho Shu-Yu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we construct the first asymmetric strongly interacting massive particles (SIMP) dark matter (DM) model, where a new vector-like fermion and a new complex scalar both having nonzero chemical potentials can be asymmetric DM particles. After the spontaneous breaking of a U(1)D dark gauge symmetry, these two particles can have accidental ℤ4 charges making them stable. By adding one more complex scalar as a mediator between the SIMP DM, the relic density of DM is determined by 3 → 2 and two-loop induced 2 → 2 annihilations in this model. On the other hand, the SIMP DM can maintain kinetic equilibrium with the thermal bath until the DM freeze-out temperature via the new gauge interaction. Interestingly, this model can have a bouncing effect on DM, whereby the DM number density rises after the chemical freeze-out of DM. With this effect, the prediction of the DM self-interacting cross section in this model can be consistent with astrophysical observations, and the ratio of the DM energy density to the baryonic matter energy density can be explained by primordial asymmetries. We also predict the DM-electron elastic scattering cross section that can be used to test this model in future projected experiments.
In vivo biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of sotrovimab, a SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibody, in healthy cynomolgus monkeys
Authors: Aweda Tolulope A. , Cheng Shih-Hsun , Lenhard Stephen C. , Sepp Armin , Skedzielewski Tinamarie , Hsu Chih-Yang , Marshall Shelly , Haag Heather , Kehler Jonathan , Jagdale Prabhas , Peter Alessia , Schmid Michael A. , Gehman Andrew , Doan Minh , Mayer Andrew P. , Gorycki Peter , Fanget Marie , Colas Christophe , Smith Brenda , Maier Curtis C. , Alsaid Hasan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Sotrovimab (VIR-7831), a human IgG1κ monoclonal antibody (mAb), binds to a conserved epitope on the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD). The Fc region of VIR-7831 contains an LS modification to promote neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn)–mediated recycling and extend its serum half-life. Here, we aimed to evaluate the impact of the LS modification on tissue biodistribution, by comparing VIR-7831 to its non-LS-modified equivalent, VIR-7831-WT, in cynomolgus monkeys.

Methods
89Zr-based PET/CT imaging of VIR-7831 and VIR-7831-WT was performed up to 14 days post injection. All major organs were analyzed for absolute concentration as well as tissue:blood ratios, with the focus on the respiratory tract, and a physiologically based pharmacokinetics (PBPK) model was used to evaluate the tissue biodistribution kinetics. Radiomics features were also extracted from the PET images and SUV values.

Results
SUVmean uptake in the pulmonary bronchi for 89Zr-VIR-7831 was statistically higher than for 89Zr-VIR-7831-WT at days 6 (3.43 ± 0.55 and 2.59 ± 0.38, respectively) and 10 (2.66 ± 0.32 and 2.15 ± 0.18, respectively), while the reverse was observed in the liver at days 6 (5.14 ± 0.80 and 8.63 ± 0.89, respectively), 10 (4.52 ± 0.59 and 7.73 ± 0.66, respectively), and 14 (4.95 ± 0.65 and 7.94 ± 0.54, respectively). Though the calculated terminal half-life was 21.3 ± 3.0 days for VIR-7831 and 16.5 ± 1.1 days for VIR-7831-WT, no consistent differences were observed in the tissue:blood ratios between the antibodies except in the liver. While the lung:blood SUVmean uptake ratio for both mAbs was 0.25 on day 3, the PBPK model predicted the total lung tissue and the interstitial space to serum ratio to be 0.31 and 0.55, respectively. Radiomics analysis showed VIR-7831 had mean-centralized PET SUV distribution in the lung and liver, indicating more uniform uptake than VIR-7831-WT.

Conclusion
The half-life extended VIR-7831 remained in circulation longer than VIR-7831-WT, consistent with enhanced FcRn binding, while the tissue:blood concentration ratios in most tissues for both drugs remained statistically indistinguishable throughout the course of the experiment. In the bronchiolar region, a higher concentration of 89Zr-VIR-7831 was detected. The data also allow unparalleled insight into tissue distribution and elimination kinetics of mAbs that can guide future biologic drug discovery efforts, while the residualizing nature of the 89Zr label sheds light on the sites of antibody catabolism.
Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Between Low‐ and High‐Risk Groups of Early Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Intraoperative Radiotherapy in Addition to External Beam Radiation: A Multi‐Centre Prospective Study
Authors: Mosiun J. A. , See Mee‐Hoong , Teoh Li‐Ying , Danaee Mahmoud , Lai Lee‐Lee , Ng Char‐Hong , Yip Cheng‐Har , Teh Mei‐Sze , Taib Nur Aishah Md , Bustam Anita , Malik Rozita Abdul , Saad Marniza , Jamaris Suniza , Ung Ngie‐Min 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is a paucity of data on the use of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) with low‐energy X‐rays in Malaysian women with early breast cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical, cosmetic, and patient‐reported outcomes in low‐ and high‐risk early breast cancer patients treated with breast conserving surgery (BCS) and IORT.MethodologyPatients suitable for BCS who were treated with IORT between January 2016 and June 2019 from three centres were analysed. They were divided into low‐risk and high‐risk groups based on the risk of recurrence according to the TARGeted Intraoperative radioTherapy (TARGIT) A and B study criteria. Outcomes of interest included local recurrence, wound complications, and radiation toxicity, with a subset analysed for cosmetic and patient‐reported outcomes.ResultsWithin a median follow‐up of 31 months, there were 104 and 211 patients in the low‐ and high‐risk groups, respectively. No significant difference was observed in local recurrence rates (low‐risk, 1.0% vs. high‐risk, 1.4%; p = 1.000). Both cohorts exhibited low frequencies of severe wound complications ranging between 1.4 and 1.9%. No major radiation toxicities were reported in either group. In the subgroup analysis, low‐risk patients had significantly better mean scores in the subscales of inframammary fold and scar. Based on the BREAST‐Q patient‐reported outcomes questionnaire, seven out of nine parameters were scored similarly between both groups with no significant difference.ConclusionThis study showed that the use of IORT in both low‐ and high‐risk early breast cancers is efficacious and safe with low recurrence rates and an acceptable toxicity profile.
Characterization of exposure–response relationships of ipatasertib in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer in the IPATential150 study
Authors: Kotani Naoki , Wilkins Justin J. , Wade Janet R. , Dang Steve , Sutaria Dhruvitkumar S. , Yoshida Kenta , Sundrani Sameer , Ding Hao , Garcia Josep , Hinton Heather , Sane Rucha , Chanu Pascal 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The exposure–response relationships for efficacy and safety of ipatasertib, a selective AKT kinase inhibitor, were characterized using data collected from 1101 patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer in the IPATential150 study (NCT03072238).

Methods
External validation of a previously developed population pharmacokinetic model was performed using the observed pharmacokinetic data from the IPATential150 study. Exposure metrics of ipatasertib for subjects who received ipatasertib 400 mg once-daily orally in this study were generated as model-predicted area under the concentration–time curve at steady state (AUCSS). The exposure–response relationship with radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) was evaluated using Cox regression and relationships with safety endpoints were assessed using logistic regression.

Results
A statistically significant correlation between ipatasertib AUCSS and improved survival was found in patients with PTEN-loss tumors (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.92 per 1000 ng h/mL AUCSS, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.87–0.98, p = 0.011). In contrast, an improvement in rPFS was seen in subjects receiving ipatasertib treatment (HR: 0.84, 95% CI 0.71–0.99, p = 0.038) but this effect was not associated with ipatasertib AUCSS in the intention-to-treat population. Incidences of some adverse events (AEs) had statistically significant association with ipatasertib AUCSS (serious AEs, AEs leading to discontinuation, and Grade ≥ 2 hyperglycemia), while others were associated with only ipatasertib treatment (AEs leading to dose reduction, Grade ≥ 3 diarrhea, and Grade ≥ 2 rash).

Conclusions
The exposure–efficacy results indicated that patients receiving ipatasertib may continue benefiting from this treatment at the administered dose, despite some variability in exposures, while the exposure–safety results suggested increased risks of AEs with ipatasertib treatment and/or increased ipatasertib exposures.