bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paraspinal muscle characteristics on MRI in degenerative lumbar spine with normal bone density, osteopenia and osteoporosis: a case-control study
Authors: Han Gengyu , Zou Da , Liu Zexiang , Zhou Siyu , Li Wei , Gong Chunjie , Sun Zhuoran , Li Weishi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
To investigate the difference of paraspinal muscles in patients with normal bone density, osteopenia and osteoporosis.

Methods
Patients undergoing surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis were included. Thirty-eight patients with osteoporosis were matched to patients with osteopenia and patients with normal bone density in a 1:1 manner according to WHO criteria. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans and lumbar CT were performed preoperatively to measure the BMD of lumbar, femur and hip and HU values of L1-L4 respectively. The relative total cross-sectional area (rTCSA) and fat infiltration (FI) of multifidus (MF) and erector spinae (ES), and the relative functional CSA (rFCSA) of psoas major (PS) were measured at L4–5 and L5-S level on preoperative MRI.

Results
Osteoporotic patients showed lower BMI, higher MF FI and higher ES FI when compared with normal bone density group (25.57 ± 3.71 vs 27.46 ± 3.11; 0.38 ± 0.1 vs 0.32 ± 0.08; 0.33 ± 0.1 vs 0.28 ± 0.08; all adjusted p < 0.05). Both the MF FI and ES FI were significantly correlated with lumbar T-score (r = − 0.223, p < 0.05; r = − 0.208, p < 0.05) and the averaged lumbar HU value (r = − 0.305, p < 0.01; r = − 0.239, p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Osteoporosis and paraspinal muscle degeneration might interact with each other and coexist in patients with degenerative lumbar diseases. It is recommended that the paraspinal muscle degeneration should be considered simultaneously when finding a patient with low bone mass before surgery.
The use of exhaled air analysis in discriminating interstitial lung diseases: a pilot study
Authors: Plantier L. , Smolinska A. , Fijten R. , Flamant M. , Dallinga J. , Mercadier J. J. , Pachen D. , d’Ortho M. P. , van Schooten F. J. , Crestani B. , Boots A. W. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundFibrotic Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) are a heterogeneous group of chronic lung diseases characterized by diverse degrees of lung inflammation and remodeling. They include idiopathic ILD such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and ILD secondary to chronic inflammatory diseases such as connective tissue disease (CTD). Precise differential diagnosis of ILD is critical since anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs, which are beneficial in inflammatory ILD, are detrimental in IPF. However, differential diagnosis of ILD is still difficult and often requires an invasive lung biopsy. The primary aim of this study is to identify volatile organic compounds (VOCs) patterns in exhaled air to non-invasively discriminate IPF and CTD-ILD. As secondary aim, the association between the IPF and CTD-ILD discriminating VOC patterns and functional impairment is investigated.MethodsFifty-three IPF patients, 53 CTD-ILD patients and 51 controls donated exhaled air, which was analyzed for its VOC content using gas chromatograph-time of flight- mass spectrometry.ResultsBy applying multivariate analysis, a discriminative profile of 34 VOCs was observed to discriminate between IPF patients and healthy controls whereas 11 VOCs were able to distinguish between CTD-ILD patients and healthy controls. The separation between IPF and CTD-ILD could be made using 16 discriminating VOCs, that also displayed a significant correlation with total lung capacity and the 6 min’ walk distance.ConclusionsThis study reports for the first time that specific VOC profiles can be found to differentiate IPF and CTD-ILD from both healthy controls and each other. Moreover, an ILD-specific VOC profile was strongly correlated with functional parameters. Future research applying larger cohorts of patients suffering from a larger variety of ILDs should confirm the potential use of breathomics to facilitate fast, non-invasive and proper differential diagnosis of specific ILDs in the future as first step towards personalized medicine for these complex diseases.
Liquid biopsy in lung cancer: significance in diagnostics, prediction, and treatment monitoring
Authors: Li Wen , Liu Ji-Bin , Hou Li-Kun , Yu Fei , Zhang Jie , Wu Wei , Tang Xiao-Mei , Sun Feng , Lu Hai-Min , Deng Jing , Bai Jie , Li Juan , Wu Chun-Yan , Lin Qin-Lu , Lv Zhong-Wei , Wang Gao-Ren , Jiang Geng-Xi , Ma Yu-Shui , Fu Da 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPrimary lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. Approximately 60% of lung cancer patients have distant metastasis at the initial diagnosis, so it is necessary to find new tumor markers for early diagnosis and individualized treatment. Tumor markers contribute to the early diagnosis of lung cancer and play important roles in early detection and treatment, as well as in precision medicine, efficacy monitoring, and prognosis prediction. The pathological diagnosis of lung cancer in small biopsy specimens determines whether there are tumor cells in the biopsy and tumor type. Because biopsy is traumatic and the compliance of patients with multiple biopsies is poor, liquid biopsy has become a hot research direction. Liquid biopsies are advantageous because they are nontraumatic, easy to obtain, reflect the overall state of the tumor, and allow for real-time monitoring. At present, liquid biopsies mainly include circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor DNA, exosomes, microRNA, circulating RNA, tumor platelets, and tumor endothelial cells. This review introduces the research progress and clinical application prospect of liquid biopsy technology for lung cancer.
Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of the extracellular vesicles derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on osteoarthritis via M2 macrophages
Authors: Li Kanglu , Yan Guohua , Huang Hanji , Zheng Mingjun , Ma Ke , Cui Xiaofei , Lu Dejie , Zheng Li , Zhu Bo , Cheng Jianwen , Zhao Jinmin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative illness that greatly impacts the life quality of patients. Currently, the therapeutic approaches for OA are very limited in clinical. The extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from different mesenchymal stem cells displayed a prominent therapeutic effect on OA. But most EVs have limited resources and the risks of host rejection, immunological response, and etc. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) hold the advantages of easy availability, minimal immune rejection, and excellent immunomodulatory effects, although hUCMSCs-EVs have seldom been applied in OA. Herein, we investigated the potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of hUCMSCs-EVs on the treatment of OA. In our results, the treatment of hUCMSCs-EVs promoted the polarization of M2-type macrophages and the expression of anti-inflammation-related cytokines (IL-10). Notably, the supernate of M2 macrophages induced by hUCMSCs-EVs inhibited the level of inflammation-associated factors in OA chondrocytes caused by IL-1β. Further, injection of hUCMSCs-EVs in the articular lumen ameliorated progression of OA and exerted chondroprotective potential based on the OA joint model created by the surgical transection of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACLT). In addition, we found five highly enriched miRNAs in hUCMSCs-EVs, including has-miR-122-5p, has-miR-148a-3p, has-miR-486-5p, has-miR-let-7a-5p, and has-miR-100-5p by High-throughput sequencing of miRNAs, with targeted genes mainly enriched in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Furthermore, we also detected the protein abundance of hUCMSCs-EVs using liquidation chromatography with tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) analysis. Thus, our study indicates that hUCMSCs-EVs can alleviate cartilage degradation during the OA progression, mechanically may through delivering key proteins and modulating the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway mediated by miRNAs to promote polarization of M2 macrophage, exhibiting potent immunomodulatory potential. The current findings suggest that hUCMSCs-EVs might serve as a new reagent for the therapy of OA.
Graphical Abstract
Mechanism of MyD88S mediated signal termination
Authors: Pustelny Katarzyna , Kuska Katarzyna , Gorecki Andrzej , Musielak Bogdan , Dobosz Ewelina , Wladyka Benedykt , Koziel Joanna , Czarna Anna , Holak Tad , Dubin Grzegorz 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
A universal adaptor protein, MyD88, orchestrates the innate immune response by propagating signals from toll-like receptors (TLRs) and interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R). Receptor activation seeds MyD88 dependent formation of a signal amplifying supramolecular organizing center (SMOC)—the myddosome. Alternatively spliced variant MyD88S, lacking the intermediate domain (ID), exhibits a dominant negative effect silencing the immune response, but the mechanistic understanding is limited.

Methods
Luciferase reporter assay was used to evaluate functionality of MyD88 variants and mutants. The dimerization potential of MyD88 variants and myddosome nucleation process were monitored by co-immunoprecipitation and confocal microscopy. The ID secondary structure was characterized in silico employing I-TASSER server and in vitro using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and circular dichroism (CD).

Results
We show that MyD88S is recruited to the nucleating SMOC and inhibits its maturation by interfering with incorporation of additional components. Biophysical analysis suggests that important functional role of ID is not supported by a well-defined secondary structure. Mutagenesis identifies Tyr116 as the only essential residue within ID required for myddosome nucleation and signal propagation (NF-κB activation).

Conclusions
Our results argue that the largely unstructured ID of MyD88 is not only a linker separating toll-interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) homology domain and death domain (DD), but contributes intermolecular interactions pivotal in MyD88-dependent signaling. The dominant negative effect of MyD88S relies on quenching the myddosome nucleation and associated signal transduction.
Three-dimensional printing models increase inter-rater agreement for classification and treatment of proximal humerus fractures
Authors: Cocco Luiz Fernando , Aihara André Yui , Lopes Flávia Paiva Proença Lobo , Werner Heron , Franciozi Carlos Eduardo , dos Reis Fernando Baldy , Luzo Marcus Vinicius Malheiros 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundProximal humerus fractures (PHF) are frequent, however, several studies show low inter-rater agreement in the diagnosis and treatment of these injuries. Differences are usually related to the experience of the evaluators and/or the diagnostic methods used. This study was designed to investigate the hypothesis that shoulder surgeons and diagnostic imaging specialists using 3D printing models and shoulder CT scans in assessing proximal humerus fractures.MethodsWe obtained 75 tomographic exams of PHF to print three-dimensional models. After, two shoulder surgeons and two specialists in musculoskeletal imaging diagnostics analyzed CT scans and 3D models according to the Neer and AO/OTA group classification and suggested a treatment recommendation for each fracture based on the two diagnostic methods.ResultsThe classification agreement for PHF using 3D printing models among the 4 specialists was moderate (global k = 0.470 and 0.544, respectively for AO/OTA and Neer classification) and higher than the CT classification agreement (global k = 0.436 and 0.464, respectively for AO/OTA and Neer). The inter-rater agreement between thetwo shoulder surgeonswere substantial. For the AO/OTA classification, the inter-rater agreement using 3D printing models was higher (k = 0.700) than observed for CT (k = 0.631). For Neer classification, inter-rater agreement with 3D models was similarly higher (k = 0.784) than CT images (k = 0.620). On the other hand, the inter-rater agreement between thetwo specialistsin diagnostic imaging was moderate. In the AO/OTA classification, the agreement using CT was higher (k = 0.532) than using 3D printing models (k = 0.443), while for Neer classification, the agreement was similar for both 3D models (k = 0.478) and CT images (k = 0.421). Finally, the inter-rater agreement in the treatment of PHF by the 2 surgeons was higher for both classifications using 3D printing models (AO/OTA—k = 0.818 for 3D models and k = 0.537 for CT images). For Neer classification, we saw k = 0.727 for 3D printing models and k = 0.651 for CT images.ConclusionThe insights from this diagnostic pilot study imply that for shoulder surgeons, 3D printing models improved the diagnostic agreement, especially the treatment indication for PHF compared to CT for both AO/OTA and Neer classifications On the other hand, for specialists in diagnostic imaging, the use of 3D printing models was similar to CT scans for diagnostic agreement using both classifications.Trial registrationBrazil Platform under no. CAAE 12273519.7.0000.5505.
Recommended daily allowance-based contribution of household’s own agricultural production to food and nutrition security in Karamoja sub-region of Uganda
Authors: Muggaga Christopher , Basil Mugonola , Okello-Uma Ipolto , Kaaya Archileo Natigo , Taylor David , Ongeng Duncan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn Uganda, agriculture is the main pathway for dietary intake among the households. Karamoja sub-region, located in Northeastern part of Uganda is the most food insecure in the country. Although agriculture contributes greatly to Uganda’s food systems, there is inadequate evidence for household energy and nutrient intake from agricultural production in the sub-region. Karamoja sub-region is typical because crop production has increasingly become part of the agricultural system in a largely semi-arid environment, predominantly occupied in pastoralism. Therefore, a cross-sectional study of 520 participants investigated the contribution of household’s own agricultural production to dietary intake, seeking to answer whether or not own agricultural production translates into adequate energy and nutrient intake.ResultsOwn food production did not meet energy and nutrient requirements, contributed disproportionately among the districts to household cumulated annual RDAs. This was reflected in the higher proportion of households in Moroto not attaining the cumulative annual RDA (energy: 100.0; protein 100.0; iron 86.5; and zinc 100.0%) than in Abim (energy: 81.6; protein 53.3; iron 23.7; and zinc 59.9%). Overall in Karamoja sub-region, the total energy and nutrients required by the household and supplied from their agricultural production were 15,589.7 ± 10,230.6 and 4226.0 ± 3980.1 kcal/day for energy, 317.6 ± 202.6 and 154.4 ± 153.7 g/day for proteins, 49.5 ± 30.8 and 50.2 ± 47.6 mg/day for iron, and 52.7 ± 32.6 and 25.4 ± 24.5 mg/day for zinc. Inter-household distribution of the absolute difference between energy and selected nutrients required by the household and that derived from own agricultural production showed deficits in household energy and nutrients needs. Further, polygamy, subsistence farming by spouse, lack of formal education by spouse positively predicted energy and nutrient supplied from own agricultural produce while lack of formal education negatively predicted energy nutrients supplied from agricultural produce. Increase in household size increased energy and nutrient required from agricultural production.ConclusionOwn agricultural production contributes limitedly to household energy and nutrient needs in the sub-region. There are great variations in the households’ capacity to derive energy and nutrients from own agricultural produce in Karamoja sub-region. Polygamy, subsistence farming, education and household size predicted energy and nutrients required from and supplied by agricultural production.
A review of diversity of bees, the attractiveness of host plants and the effects of landscape variables on bees in urban gardens
Authors: Rahimi Ehsan , Barghjelveh Shahindokht , Dong Pinliang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe world's growing population and growing need for food have increased attention to urban agriculture around the world. Most crops grown in urban environments need bees for pollination. However, little is known about bee populations in urban areas and little attention has been paid to the function of these pollinators in cities. Therefore, studying the ecology of pollinating bees in urban gardens and green roofs contributes greatly to urban agriculture. In this study, the results of 87 articles related to the presence of bees in gardens and urban farms were summarized in three general sections. The first part deals with issues, such as the diversity of bees in urban gardens, dominant species in these areas, their nesting type, origin, specialty, and sociality. The second part examines the attractiveness of host plants in urban gardens and farms and their origin for bees. The third section examines the effects of landscape and local variables effects on the presence of bees in urban farms and gardens.ResultsOur data showed that urban environments, especially urban gardens, contain a high diversity of bees, which honeybees and bumblebees are the most dominant species in these environments. The results of the second part showed that native plants were more attractive to bees than non-native plants. In the third section, most studies have shown the negative role of urbanization on the presence of bees. On the other hand, many studies have shown that the presence of green spaces or other farms and gardens around the studied gardens have a positive effect on the presence of pollinators.ConclusionUrban environments have a high diversity of plants and bees that provides a good opportunity to increase agricultural production in these environments. Planting native plants and creating artificial nests for solitary bees and bumblebees can help attract more bees to urban environments. Converting lawns into floral resources or carrying out agricultural activities around green spaces can also effectively help to increase agricultural production in the city.
Novel dihydroartemisinin derivative Mito-DHA5 induces apoptosis associated with mitochondrial pathway in bladder cancer cells
Authors: Xiao Linfan , Xu Cangcang , Lin Peiyu , Mu Lingli , Yang Xiaoping 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Bladder cancer is the second most common genitourinary malignancy and the eleventh most common cancer worldwide. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a first-line antimalarial drug, has been found to have potent antitumor activity. In our previous study, a novel dihydroartemisinin derivative Mito-DHA5 synthesized in our laboratory has a stronger anti-tumor activity than DHA. In this study, we investigated the apoptotic effect of Mito-DHA5 on bladder cancer T24 cells and molecular mechanisms underlying.

Methods
Antitumor activity in vitro was evaluated by MTT, wound healing and cloning formation assays. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was detected by JC-1 probe and ROS levels were measured by specific kit. The expression of caspase-3, cleaved-caspase3, mitochondrial Cyt-C, Bcl-2, Bax and PARP in T24 cells was evaluated by Western blotting.

Results
The results showed that Mito-DHA5 reduced cell viability with an IC50 value of 3.2 µM and induced T24 cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner, increased the production of ROS and decreased MMP. Mito-DHA5 could down-regulate the expression of Bcl-2, mitochondrial Cyt-C, Caspase-3, PARP and up-regulate the expression of Bax and cleaved Caspase-3.

Conclusions
These data suggested that Mito-DHA5 had a potent inhibitory effect on T24 bladder cancer cell growth and induced these cells apoptosis associated with mitochondrial pathway.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and its antibacterial activity using fungus Talaromyces purpureogenus isolated from Taxus baccata Linn.
Authors: Sharma Ankush , Sagar Anand , Rana Jagriti , Rani Reena 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe present study is focused on the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) utilizing endophytic fungus Talaromyces purpureogenus, isolated from Taxus baccata Linn. Extracellular extract of Talaromyces purpureogenus has shown occurrence of secondary metabolites viz. terpenoids and phenols. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis showed the presence of 16 compounds. Techniques like Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, field emission gun scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction were employed to characterize the synthesized AgNPs. UV–Vis spectroscopy showed sharp peaks at 380–470 nm which indicates the presence of metallic silver. FTIR analysis showed the presence of various functional groups like phenols, hydroxyl groups, and primary amines. In DLS, Z-average size and PdI of synthesized AgNPs were 240.2 r.nm and 0.720 respectively, with zeta potential − 19.6 mV. In FEG-SEM and HRTEM the spherical AgNPs showed diameter in the range of 30–60 nm. In EDS analysis the weight percent of Ag is 67.26% and atomic percent is 43.13%. From XRD analysis the size of AgNPs was found to be 49.3 nm with face-centered cubic crystalline nature of fungal synthesized AgNPs. These nanoparticles have shown significant antibacterial activity against tested strains viz. Listeria monocytogenes (13 ± 0.29 mm), Escherichia coli (17 ± 0.14 mm), Shigella dysenteriae (18 ± 0.21 mm) and Salmonella typhi (14 ± 0.13 mm). These synthesized AgNPs have shown effective free radical scavenging activity against 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. The present study showed that the endophytic fungus Talaromyces purpureogenus can be used as a prominent source to synthesize AgNPs by using biological, ecofriendly, and in a non-toxic way accompanied by antibacterial and antioxidant properties which further can reduce the harvesting pressure faced by Taxus baccata.
Graphical Abstract
Potential roles of vitamin D binding protein in attenuating liver injury in sepsis
Authors: Xiao Kun , Zhang Du-Chao , Hu Ye , Song Li-Cheng , Xu Jian-Qiao , He Wan-Xue , Pan Pan , Wang Yu-Wei , Xie Li-Xin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
In sepsis, vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) has been shown to be low-expressed. The current study examined the relationship between serum VDBP level and liver injury in sepsis patients, as well as in a mouse model for sepsis and in cultured liver epithelial cell line exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Methods
The human study included 78 sepsis patients and 50 healthy volunteers. Sepsis patients were categorized into sepsis survivor group (n = 43) and sepsis non-survivor group (n = 35) based on 28-day mortality for data analysis. Adult male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Serum samples were collected on day 1, 3, 5 and 7 to determine the levels of VDBP, 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D3], 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D3], interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Potential protective effects of VDBP overexpression against LPS-induced liver damage were examined in cultured THLE2 cells.

Results
Serum levels of VDBP, 25(OH)D3, and 1,25(OH)2D3 were significantly lower in sepsis patients vs. the healthy control (P < 0.001), as well as in the sepsis non-survivor group vs. the sepsis survivor group (P < 0.001, P = 0.0338, or P = 0.0013, respectively). Lower serum VDBP level was associated with higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score (r = − 0.2565, P = 0.0234) and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (r = − 0.3522, P = 0.0016), but lower serum albumin (ALB, r = 0.4628, P < 0.001) and total protein (TP, r = 0.263, P = 0.02). In CLP mice, there was a 5-day period of serum VDBP reduction, followed by return towards the baseline on day 7. VDBP was also decreased in LPS-treated THLE2 cells (P < 0.001). VDBP overexpression reduced LPS-induced THLE2 damage. Reduced damage was associated with decreased oxidative stress and inactivation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathway.

Conclusion
VDBP may be protective against sepsis-induced liver injury.