bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using consumer engagement strategies to improve healthcare safety for young people: An exploration of the relevance and suitability of current approaches
Authors: Newman Bronwyn , Joseph Kathryn , McDonald Fiona E. J. , Harrison Reema , Patterson Pandora 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundConsumer engagement in health care is recognized as a critical strategy to minimize healthcare‐associated harms, however, little research has focussed on strategies to engage young people in healthcare safety. This study explores the suitability of commonly used engagement strategies, such as brochures, interactive bedside charts or apps, for young people (14–25 years) to improve their healthcare safety, with a focus on cancer care.MethodsFour qualitative online workshops were conducted (N = 19). Two workshops included young people who had experienced cancer (n = 6) and two workshops included staff who support young people who had experienced a diagnosis of cancer (n = 12). Evidence from a systematic review was used to develop case studies of existing strategies as a topic guide for the online workshops. Data were analysed using a framework method and template analysis approach.ResultsThematic analysis against the analytic framework led to the development of four principles for engagement with young people: empowerment, transparency, participatory culture and flexibility. The transition from being ‘looked after’ to young people being responsible for their own care was an integrative theme which intersected all elements of the framework.ConclusionFor service providers to engage with young people about safety issues in cancer services, the strategies employed need to be tailored to consider the transitional nature of being an adolescent or young adult. A systemic approach that incorporates flexible, tailored engagement strategies, education and empowerment of young people and healthcare providers is required to engage effectively with young people about safety in healthcare. These findings may have implications beyond cancer care.Patient or Public ContributionWorkshop content was developed with and by the CanEngage team, including the Consumer Advisory Group, who reviewed content and inform wider project priorities.
Diagnostic and prognostic significance of tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase type 5b in newly diagnosed prostate cancer with bone metastasis: A real‐world multi‐institutional study
Authors: Yamamichi Gaku , Kato Taigo , Yumiba Satoru , Tomiyama Eisuke , Koh Yoko , Nakano Kosuke , Matsushita Makoto , Hayashi Yujiro , Ishizuya Yu , Watabe Tadashi , Hatano Koji , Kawashima Atsunari , Ujike Takeshi , Ono Yutaka , Takada Tsuyoshi , Takada Shingo , Imamura Ryoichi , Nonomura Norio , Uemura Motohide 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesApproximately, 90% of men with advanced prostate cancer will develop bone metastasis. However, there have been few reports about noninvasive biomarker to detect and predict clinical outcome of bone metastasis (BM) in prostate cancer patients.MethodsWe examined 1127 patients who underwent prostate biopsy from August 2012 to June 2017. We also investigated bone turnover markers such as bone‐specific alkaline phosphatase, type I collagen cross‐linked N‐terminal telopeptide, C‐terminal pyridinoline cross‐linked telopeptide of type I collagen, and tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase type 5b (TRACP 5b).ResultsA total of 282 patients were diagnosed as prostate cancer with complete clinical data, and 34 patients with bone metastasis. Multivariate analysis revealed C‐terminal pyridinoline cross‐linked telopeptide of type I collagen, tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase type 5b, and prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) were independent biomarkers in detection of BM (p < 0.05, respectively). Furthermore, we developed predictive model formula based on tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase type 5b and PSA, for which the area under the curve was 0.95. In patients with bone metastasis, multivariate cox proportional hazards analysis revealed that this model was significantly associated with poor clinical outcome of cancer‐specific survival (p < 0.05). In validation cohort with 137 patients, we also confirmed the utility of this model for diagnosis of BM (the area under the curve = 0.95).ConclusionsOur developed formula of tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase type 5b in accordance with PSA may serve as the useful tool in diagnosis and prediction of clinical outcome for prostate cancer with bone metastasis.
Multi‐decade national cohort identifies adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes associated with acute respiratory illness hospitalisations during the influenza season
Authors: Duque Jazmin , Howe Anna S. , Azziz‐Baumgartner Eduardo , Petousis‐Harris Helen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundDespite the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation that pregnant women be prioritised for seasonal influenza vaccination, coverage in the Western Pacific Region remains low. Our goal was to provide additional data for the Western Pacific Region about the value of maternal influenza vaccination to pregnant women and their families.MethodsWe conducted a 16‐year retrospective cohort to evaluate risks associated with influenza‐associated maternal acute respiratory infection (ARI) in New Zealand. ARI hospitalisations during the May to September influenza season were identified using select ICD‐10‐AM primary and secondary discharge codes from chapter J00–J99 (diseases of the respiratory system). Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate crude and adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsWe identified 822,391 pregnancies among New Zealand residents between 2003 and 2018; 5095 (0.6%) had ≥1 associated ARI hospitalisation during the influenza season; these pregnancies were at greater risk of preterm birth (aHR 1.50, 95% CI 1.39–1.61) and low birthweight (aHR 1.64, 95% CI 1.51–1.79) than pregnancies without such hospitalisations. We did not find an association between maternal ARI hospitalisation and fetal death (aHR 0.96, 95% CI 0.69–1.34) during the influenza season. Maternal influenza vaccination was associated with reduced risk of preterm birth (aHR 0.79, 95% CI 0.77–0.82), low birthweight (aHR 0.87, 95% CI 0.83–0.90) and fetal death (aHR 0.50%, 95% CI 0.44–0.57).ConclusionIn this population‐based cohort, being hospitalised for an ARI during the influenza season while pregnant was a risk factor for delivering a preterm or a low birthweight infant and vaccination reduced this risk.
Phosphorylation‐mediated PI3K‐Art signalling pathway as a therapeutic mechanism in the hydrogen‐induced alleviation of brain injury in septic mice
Authors: Bai Yuanyuan , Li Li , Dong Beibei , Ma Wanjie , Chen Hongguang , Yu Yonghao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOur previous studies illustrated that 2% H2 inhalation can protect against sepsis‐associated encephalopathy (SAE) which is characterized by high mortality and has no effective treatment. To investigate the underlying role of protein phosphorylation in SAE and H2 treatment, a mouse model of sepsis was constructed by caecal ligation and puncture (CLP), then treated with H2 (CLP + H2). Brain tissues of the mice were collected to be analysed with tandem mass tag‐based quantitative proteomics coupled with IMAC enrichment of phosphopeptides and LC–MS/MS analysis. In proteomics and phosphoproteomics analysis, 268 differentially phosphorylated proteins (DPPs) showed a change in the phosphorylated form in the CLP + H2 group (p < 0.05). Gene ontology analysis revealed that these DPPs were enriched in multiple cellular components, biological processes, and molecular functions. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that they were enriched in glutamatergic synapses, tight junctions, the PI3K‐Akt signalling pathway, the HIF‐1 signalling pathway, the cGMP‐PKG signalling pathway, the Rap1 signalling pathway, and the vascular smooth muscle contraction. The phosphorylated forms of six DPPs, including ribosomal protein S6 (Rps6), tyrosine 3‐monooxygenase/tryptophan 5‐monooxygenase activation protein gamma (Ywhag/14–3‐3), phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten (Pten), membrane‐associated guanylate kinase 1 (Magi1), mTOR, and protein kinase N2 (Pkn2), were upregulated and participated in the PI3K‐Akt signalling pathway. The WB results showed that the phosphorylation levels of Rps6, Ywhag, Pten, Magi1, mTOR, and Pkn2 were increased. The DPPs and phosphorylation‐mediated molecular network alterations in H2‐treated CLP mice may elucidate the biological roles of protein phosphorylation in the therapeutic mechanism of H2 treatment against SAE.
Hyporthodus griseofasciatus (Perciformes: Epinephelidae), a new species of deep‐water grouper from the west coast of Australia
Authors: Moore Glenn I. , Wakefield Corey B. , DiBattista Joseph D. , Newman Stephen J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA new species of deep‐water epinephelid fish is described from the west coast of Australia based on 14 specimens, 99–595 mm standard length. Hyporthodus griseofasciatus sp. nov. is endemic to Western Australia from Barrow Island to Two Peoples Bay in depths of 76–470 m. It has a series of eight grey bands alternating with eight brown bands along the body and the soft dorsal, soft anal and caudal fin margins are pale cream to white. It is distinguished from its nearest congener, H. ergastularius, by the presence of a star‐like pattern of radiating lines on the head versus an overall brownish colour in the latter as well as significant differences in the quantitative analyses of 25 morphological characters. The two species have allopatric distributions on either side of the Australian continent. H. griseofasciatus is distinguished from H. octofasciatus by several grey bands being distinctly narrower than other grey bands (vs. all grey bands subequal in the latter) and the presence of broad white margins on the dorsal, caudal and anal fins (vs. narrow or absent in the latter). Some scale counts appear to also differ. Analyses of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 sequences revealed reciprocally monophyletic clades with fixed differences and genetic distances typical of recently diverged species of fishes.
Understanding influence and action in Learning and Action Alliances: Experience from the Newcastle Blue‐Green vision
Authors: O'Donnell Emily C. , Snelling Andrea M. , Lamond Jessica E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe Learning and Action Alliance (LAA) framework is increasingly valued as an approach to facilitate social learning and action by enabling collaboration within and between organisations, breaking down barriers to information sharing and facilitating co‐development of innovative visions to address key environmental and societal challenges. While the social learning potential of LAAs has been documented in detail, the role of ‘action’ is relatively unexplored and there is little research into how LAAs might evolve over time to ensure longevity. Here, we explore the key achievements and limitations of the Newcastle LAA (established in 2014) through interviews with 15 LAA members. We find that interpretations of the concept of ‘action’ influences perceptions of the LAA's success. We update the structural framework of the LAA and expand the implementation phase to better reflect the agents of change that impact the LAAs' ability to apply their vision to demonstration projects. Finally, we explore the longevity of the Newcastle LAA and conclude that after running for 8 years, there may be a cyclical nature to whole‐group visioning and a move towards greater intra‐organisational learning. This demonstrates a shift in the primary role of the LAA over time, from learning towards greater influence and action.
Outcomes of 1‐MCP combined with aerosolization of ε‐polylysine antimicrobials on storage quality of flat peach
Authors: Shao Limei , Jia Xiaoyu , Zhang Peng , Li Chunyuan , Li Jiangkuo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFruit decay and deterioration in overall quality are the main problems of preserving peaches after they are harvested. In this article, the outcomes of 1‐MCP combined with polylysine atomization on Xinjiang flat peaches were evaluated. Distilled water atomization treatment, 1,000 mg/L polylysine atomization treatment for 10 min and 1,000 mg/L polylysine atomization treatment for 20 min were employed. Results showed that the combined treatment using 1‐MCP and polylysine helped to delay the fruit decay rate, respiration, ethylene production, respiration intensity, organic acids, soluble solids, hardness, and microorganisms. Furthermore, reactive oxygen metabolism of O2− and OH− was inhibited. A combined treatment can effectively improve the antioxidant capacity during almond storage, and thus improve shelf life. Therefore, 1‐MCP combined with polylysine atomization treatment is necessary to control fruit rotting and to extent the storage life.
Lobularity rather than hyperechoic foci/stranding on endoscopic ultrasonography is associated with more severe histological features in chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Inomata Noriko , Masuda Atsuhiro , Yamakawa Kohei , Takenaka Mamoru , Tsujimae Masahiro , Toyama Hirochika , Sofue Keitaro , Sakai Arata , Kobayashi Takashi , Tanaka Takeshi , Yamada Yasutaka , Ashina Shigeto , Gonda Masanori , Abe Shohei , Masuda Shigeto , Uemura Hisahiro , Kohashi Shinya , Nagao Kae , Harada Yoshiyuki , Miki Mika , Nakano Ryota , Shiomi Hideyuki , Kanzawa Maki , Itoh Tomoo , Fukumoto Takumi , Kodama Yuzo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and AimEndoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) findings of the pancreatic parenchyma, such as hyperechoic foci/stranding and lobularity, may be associated with the severity of chronic pancreatitis (CP). However, the correlation between parenchymal EUS findings and histology remains unclear. We designed a large‐scale retrospective study analyzing over 200 surgical specimens to elucidate the association between parenchymal EUS findings and histological features.MethodsClinical data of 221 patients with pancreatobiliary tumors who underwent preoperative EUS and pancreatic surgery between January 2010 and November 2020 were reviewed to investigate the association between parenchymal EUS findings and histological features at the pancreatic body. None of these patients met the definition of CP.ResultsOf the 221 patients, 87 (39.4%), 89 (40.2%), and 45 (20.4%) had normal EUS findings, hyperechoic foci/stranding without lobularity, and hyperechoic foci/stranding with lobularity, respectively. In the multivariate analyses, parenchymal EUS findings significantly correlated with histological CP findings of fibrosis, inflammation, and atrophy (hyperechoic foci/stranding without lobularity vs hyperechoic foci/stranding with lobularity, odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 4.1 [2.2–7.9] vs 31.3 [9.3–105.6], Ptrend < 0.001; 3.9 [1.9–8.2] vs 21.8 [8.0–59.4], Ptrend < 0.001; and 4.0 [2.0–7.8] vs 22.9 [7.0–74.5], Ptrend < 0.001, respectively). Further, a trend toward higher histological grade was observed in the following order: normal findings, hyperechoic foci/stranding without lobularity, and hyperechoic foci/stranding with lobularity.ConclusionsEndoscopic ultrasonography findings of the pancreatic parenchyma may be associated with the histological conditions in CP, such as pancreatic fibrosis, inflammation, and atrophy. Lobularity reflects more severe histological conditions than does hyperechoic foci/stranding.
Automated evaluation of ASPECTS from brain computerized tomography of patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Scavasine Valéria Cristina , Ferreti Lucas Andrade , da Costa Rebeca Teixeira , Leitao Cleverson Alex , Teixeira Bernardo Correa , Zétola Viviane de Hiroki Flumignan , Lange Marcos Christiano 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and PurposePrecise evaluation of brain computerized tomography (CT) is a crucial step in acute ischemic stroke evaluation. Electronic Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (E‐ASPECTS) helps in the selection of patients who may be eligible for thrombolysis. This paper seeks to assess the performance of emergency physicians (EPs) in the evaluation of ASPECTS scores with and without the use of E‐ASPECTS and to compare their results with neuroradiologists.MethodsA total of 116 patients were selected. Initially, two EPs and two neuroradiologists evaluated the admission nonenhanced CT without E‐ASPECTS. Then, after 30 days, they re‐evaluated the images using E‐ASPECTS. Sensitivity, specificity, Matthew's correlation coefficients (MCC), and receiver operating characteristic curves were generated for analysis before and after the software use.ResultsEps’ performances improved when they used E‐ASPECTS, with their results closer to those obtained by neuroradiologists. In the initial evaluation, MCC values for the two EPs were –0.01 and 0.04, respectively. After the software assistance, they obtained 0.38 and 0.43, respectively, which was closer to the scores obtained by the neuroradiologists (0.53 and 0.39, respectively).DiscussionThis is the first study that has specifically compared neuroradiologists’ and EPs’ performances before and after using E‐ASPECTS. E‐ASPECTS assisted and improved the evaluation of the images of patients with acute ischemic stroke.ConclusionArtificial intelligence in the emergency room may increase the number of patients treated with tissue‐type plasminogen activators.
Relationship of biglycan and decorin expression with clinicopathological features and prognosis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Liu Miaomiao , Wang Wei , Piao Songlin , Shen Yuchen , Li Zhengmiao , Ding Wentong , Li Jichen , Saiyin Wuliji 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study focused on investigating relation between biglycan (BGN) and decorin (DCN) expression and prognostic outcome for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cases.Material and MethodsBGN and DCN mRNA and protein expression was detected by qRT‐PCR and Western‐blotting (WB) assays from 31 OSCC samples as well as healthy samples. This work harvested 101 paraffin‐embedded OSCC together with 30 healthy samples, and conducted immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for assessing pathological changes. Association of DCN with BGN within OSCC was explored by Spearman's analysis. Survival rate was explored by Kaplan–Meier (KM) approach. Multivariate analysis was conducted by Cox regression.ResultsWB and qRT‐PCR results showed BGN up‐regulation (p < 0.001, p < 0.0001) whereas DCN down‐regulation (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001) with fresh OSCC tissues; the expression of BGN and DCN associated with the OSCC histopathological grade. IHC results suggested elevated BGN level (p < 0.0001) whereas DCN down‐regulation (p < 0.0001) with paraffin embedded OSCC tissues. The expression of BGN and DCN associated with histopathologic grades and tumor stage of OSCC. The result of Spearman's analysis demonstrated significant association between the expression of BGN and DCN in OSCC. Survival analysis revealed that patients with higher BGN/lower DCN level showed poor overall survival (OS) as well as tumor‐specific survival (TSS). Multivariate analysis proved that BGN and DCN independently predicted the prognosis of OS and TSS.ConclusionBGN and DCN expression levels can be adopted for predicting OSCC prognostic outcome.
Homework Stress and Learning Disability: The Role of Parental Shame, Guilt, and Need Frustration
Authors: Katz Idit , Alesi Marianna , Moè Angelica 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUsing a cross‐sectional design, this study examined the relationships between parental guilt, shame, need frustration, and homework stress in students with learning disabilities (LD) and typically developing students (TD) and their parents. One hundred and eight parent‐child dyads (54 LD, 54 TD) completed questionnaires to assess homework stress, parental need frustration, guilt, and shame. Parents of students with LD reported more stress, need frustration, shame, and guilt than parents of TD students. For the LD group, shame mediated the association between parental need frustration and parental and child stress whereas guilt mediated the association between parental need frustration and parental stress. The theoretical and practical implications for lessening homework stress for students with LD and their parents are discussed.
The stringent starvation protein SspA modulates peptidoglycan synthesis by regulating the expression of peptidoglycan synthases
Authors: Lou Jie , Cai Jingxiao , Hu Xiao , Liang Yanqun , Sun Yijuan , Zhu Yiling , Meng Qiu , Zhu Tingheng , Gao Haichun , Yu Zhiliang , Yin Jianhua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe peptidoglycan (PG) layer of bacterial cells is essential for maintaining the cell shape and survival of cells; therefore, the synthesis of PG needs to be spatiotemporally controlled. While it is well established that PG synthesis is mediated posttranslationally through interactions between PG synthases and their cognate partners, much less is known about the transcriptional regulation of genes encoding these synthases. Based on a previous finding that the Gram‐negative bacterium Shewanella oneidensis lacking the prominent PG synthase exhibits impaired cell wall integrity, we performed genetic selections to isolate the suppressors. We discovered that disrupting the sspA gene encoding stringent starvation protein A (SspA) is sufficient to suppress compromised PG. SspA serves as a transcriptional repressor that regulates the expression of the two types of PG synthases, class A penicillin‐binding proteins and SEDS/bPBP protein complexes. SspA is an RNA polymerase‐associated protein, and its regulation involves interactions with the σ70‐RNAP complex and an antagonistic effect of H‐NS, a global nucleoid‐associated protein. We also present evidence that the regulation of PG synthases by SspA is conserved in Escherichia coli, adding a new dimension to the current understanding of PG synthesis and its regulation.
Why can't we predict traits from the environment?
Authors: Anderegg Leander D. L. 
Published: October 2022

SummaryPlant functional traits are powerful ecological tools, but the relationships between plant traits and climate (or environmental variables more broadly) are often remarkably weak. This presents a paradox: Plant traits govern plant interactions with their environment, but the environment does not strongly predict the traits of plants living there. Unpacking this paradox requires differentiating the mechanisms of trait variation and potential confounds of trait–environment relationships at different evolutionary and ecological scales ranging from within species to among communities. It also necessitates a more integrated understanding of physiological and evolutionary equifinality among many traits and plant strategies, and challenges us to understand how supposedly ‘functional’ traits integrate into a whole‐organism phenotype in ways that may be largely orthogonal to environmental tolerances.