bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cumulative impact neglect in processing sequential changes
Authors: Gunasti Kunter , Chen Haipeng (Allan) 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe demonstrate that decision contexts that involve sequential numerical changes over time can lead to suboptimal consumer choices in both incentivized and hypothetical studies. This is because, for such changes, an earlier outcome has a cumulative effect on the final total, which consumers tend to ignore. We document the prevalence of consumers' tendency to neglect this cumulative impact when processing sequential rent increases and price discounts as consumers focus on the naïve totals and trends formed by the consecutive price changes and choose economically inferior options. We propose a nudge that helps alert consumers about the cumulative effects and decrease their tendency to fall prey to this bias. We discuss the theoretical contributions as well as the implications for consumers, managers, and policymakers.
Fibroadipogenic progenitor cell response peaks prior to progressive fatty infiltration after rotator cuff tendon tear
Authors: Sahai Amil , Jones Derek L. , Hughes Marcus , Pu Alex , Williams Katrina , Iyer Shama R. , Rathinam Chozha , Davis Derik L. , Lovering Richard M. , Gilotra Mohit N. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFibroadipogenic progenitor (FAP) cells are implicated as a major source of fatty infiltration (FI) in murine rotator cuff (RC) injury, but FAP cell response after RC tear in a rabbit model is unknown. This study determined whether changes in FAP cell count after an RC tear predate muscle degeneration in a clinically relevant rabbit model. We hypothesized increases in FAP cell count correlate temporally with RC degeneration. New Zealand white rabbits (n = 26) were evaluated at 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks after unilateral full‐thickness tenotomy of supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendons. FI area and adipocyte size were histologically analyzed, muscle density was measured by computerized tomography, and quantification of FAP cells was measured by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. The percentage of intrafascicular adipocyte area increased over time in supraspinatus muscle samples (p = 0.03), significantly between 1‐ and 6‐week samples (p = 0.04). There were no differences in perifascicular adipocyte area percentages between time points. Peak increase in FAP cell count occurred at 1‐week (p = 0.03), with a decrease in the following weeks. There was a negative correlation between supraspinatus adipocyte area and FAP cell count (p < 0.05). On computed tomography (CT) scan, maximal decrease in muscle density was observed in the 4th to 6th weeks. In summary, FAP cell response occurred early after tenotomy and did not correlate temporally with increases in FI. This suggests that FAP cell response may predate degenerative changes, and early targeting of FAPs before adipocyte maturation could blunt FI after RC tear.
Clinical evaluation of Er,Cr:YSGG laser therapy used as an adjunct to non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis: Twelve‐month results from a pilot study
Authors: Klokkevold Perry R. , Damian Arianna , Pham Charlene , Mallya Sanjay M. , Lux Renate 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of adjunctive Er,Cr:YSGG laser therapy with scaling and root planing (SRP) as compared with SRP alone in the treatment of moderate to severe periodontitis.MethodsFifteen adults (aged 27 to 65 years) with 90 nonadjacent sites probing ≥ 5 mm were treated in split‐mouth design with SRP and laser therapy versus SRP alone. Probing pocket depth (PPD), gingival recession (GR), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque, and bleeding on probing were collected at baseline, 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Patient reported outcomes were measured to assess pain, sensitivity, and satisfaction.ResultsClinical improvements were similar for test and control sites with no statistically significant difference. At 12 months, the average PPD reduced from 6.1 to 4.2 mm for test and 6.2 to 4.3 mm for control sites. GR increased by 0.4 mm at test and control sites. CAL increased from 6.8 to 5.3 mm for test and 6.9 to 5.5 mm for control sites. Clinical outcomes were stratified by baseline PPD ( = 5, = 6 and ≥7 mm) and analyzed for number of sites that reduced (≤4 mm). No significant difference was observed when the baseline PPD was 5 or 6 mm. Test sites with baseline PPD ≥7 mm demonstrated a statistically significant difference in the percentage of reduced sites when compared with controls at nine (P = 0.001) and 12 months (P = 0.044).ConclusionsAdjunctive Er,Cr:YSGG laser therapy with SRP provides similar clinical improvement in the treatment of moderate‐severe periodontitis as SRP alone and may offer some advantage for deeper (≥7 mm) pockets.
SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA in dental biofilms: Supragingival and subgingival findings from inpatients in a COVID‐19 intensive care unit
Authors: Gomes Sabrina C. , da Fonseca Juliane G. , Miller Luísa M. , Manenti Luciane , Angst Patrícia Daniela M. , Lamers Marcelo L. , Brum Ilma S. , Nunes Luciana N. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundSaliva, salivary glands, gingival crevicular fluid, and supragingival biofilms may harbor SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA. This observational study aimed to investigate the presence and load of SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA in supragingival, and subgingival biofilms obtained from intensive care unit (ICU) patients.MethodsA convenience sample, composed of 52 COVID‐19+ participants (48.6 ± 14.8 years, 26.9% females), were evaluated for pre‐existing comorbidities, number of teeth, and periodontal data [visible plaque (VPI), bleeding on probing (BOP), periodontal probing depth (PPD), and attachment loss (AL)]. Supragingival and subgingival samples (SubDeep: four sites with the deepest PPD; SubRemain: remaining shallower sites) were analyzed by RT‐qPCR with corresponding cycle quantification (Cq). Statistical analyses considered the individual (P = 5%).ResultsTwenty‐six participants tested positive for dental biofilms (Biofilm+) with 96.2% of them being positive for subgingival samples. Pre‐existing comorbidities, number of teeth examined, VPI, PPD, AL, and BOP were similar between Biofilm+ and Biofilm‐. SubDeep PPD (3.72 ± 0.86), AL (4.34 ± 1.33), and % of BOP (66.0 ± 31.1) values were significantly greater compared to SubRemain values (2.84 ± 0.48, 3.37 ± 0.34, and 20.4 ± 24.1, respectively). Biofilm+ Cqs showed no association with the periodontal condition. Cqs from Nasopharynx/Oropharynx (Naso/Oro; n = 36) were similar between Biofilm+ and Biofilm‐ participants. Length of time since ICU intake, last Naso/Oro RT‐qPCR readings, onset of COVID‐19 symptoms, and biofilm samplings were greater for Biofilm‐.ConclusionsICU patients harbored SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA in supragingival and subgingival biofilms, irrespective of the periodontal condition, and systemic viral load. The high number of positive patients highlights the need to better understand this habit to provide adequate oral care.
Supramolecular Engineering of Alkylated, Fluorinated, and Mixed Amphiphiles
Authors: Rashmi Rashmi , Hasheminejad Hooman , Herziger Svenja , Mirzaalipour Alireza , Singh Abhishek K , Netz Roland R. , Böttcher Christoph , Makki Hesam , Sharma Sunil K , Haag Rainer 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe rational design of perfluorinated amphiphiles to control the supramolecular aggregation in an aqueous medium is still a key challenge for the engineering of supramolecular architectures. Here, the synthesis and physical properties of six novel non‐ionic amphiphiles are presented. The effect of mixed alkylated and perfluorinated segments in a single amphiphile is also studied and compared with only alkylated and perfluorinated units. To explore their morphological behavior in an aqueous medium, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy/electron microscopy (cryo‐TEM/EM) measurements are used. The assembly mechanisms with theoretical investigations are further confirmed, using the Martini model to perform large‐scale coarse‐grained molecular dynamics simulations. These novel synthesized amphiphiles offer a greater and more systematic understanding of how perfluorinated systems assemble in an aqueous medium and suggest new directions for rational designing of new amphiphilic systems and interpreting their assembly process.
Magnetoactive electrospun hybrid scaffolds based on poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐trifluoroethylene) and magnetite particles with varied sizes
Authors: Botvin Vladimir V. , Surmeneva Maria A. , Mukhortova Yulia R. , Belyakova Elizaveta O. , Wagner Dmitriy V. , Chelobanov Boris P. , Laktionov Pavel P. , Sukhinina Ekaterina V. , Pershina Alexandra G. , Kholkin Andrei L. , Surmenev Roman A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe development of functional magnetoactive materials fabricated in the form of electrospun scaffolds is of paramount importance for modern medicine and pharmaceuticals. To precisely control the morphology and magnetic properties of the composite magnetoactive scaffolds, the electrospinning conditions, incorporation method of magnetic particles into the polymer solution to avoid agglomeration, and the shape/size of the particles should be thoroughly studied. In this study, hybrid magnetoactive scaffolds based on poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF‐TrFE)), doped with either unmodified magnetite (Fe3O4) or magnetite particles modified with oleic acid (Fe3O4/OA), have been fabricated by electrospinning. Modification of magnetite particles by oleic acid results in the formation of nanosized particles in comparison with submicron‐sized Fe3O4 particles (37 vs. 329 nm), which reveal a greater affinity to P(VDF‐TrFE) due to their hydrophobic surface. Composite scaffolds prepared using 30 wt% polymer solution with 8 wt% Fe3O4 and Fe3O4/OA reveal saturation magnetization values of 9.14 and 5.8 emu/g, respectively. The saturation magnetization of composite scaffolds agrees well with the saturation magnetization of the initial magnetites. Considering the better dispersion of Fe3O4/OA in the polymer solution, a series of composite scaffolds with 4 and 12 wt% concentrations of magnetite have been studied. Cytotoxicity tests demonstrated that all the fabricated composite scaffolds are nontoxic to human cells. Variation of magnetite particles content in the polymer fibers enables to obtain composite scaffolds with tailored saturation magnetization, which can be potentially used as perspective magnetoactive and magnetoelectric materials for biomedical application.
Experimental Investigation on the Influence of Confining Pressure on Thermal Aged CMDB Propellant
Authors: Li Hui , Liu Jia‐ming , Chen Xiong , Wang Ting‐yu , Li Chun‐lei , Wang Shi‐xin , Xu Jin‐sheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWith the purpose of investigating the influences of aging time and confining pressure on the mechanical properties of a composite modified double‐based (CMDB) propellant, uniaxial tension tests of the propellant with various accelerated aging times were conducted under various confining pressure conditions (relative atmospheric pressure 0, 0.5±0.05, 2±0.05 and 6±0.05 MPa). The stress‐strain behaviors at various experimental conditions were analyzed. The results show that stress‐strain curves can be divided into three stages, the initial tensile stage, the elastic stage, and the damage growth stage. Additionally, the key mechanical parameters (e. g., the maximum tensile strength) show a strong dependence on aging time and confining pressure. The ultimate strain decreases with increasing aging time, while the tensile strength first decreases and later increases with aging time. It was observed that the maximum tensile strength and elastic modulus of the CMDB propellant decrease with confining pressure. Furthermore, the damage evolution curves can be divided into two stages. The later nonlinearity of the stress‐strain curves is mainly induced by the initiation and propagation of macro‐cracks. It is believed that these findings will help to accurately analyze the structural integrity of CMDB propellant grains during ignition pressurization loading after a long storage time.
Thermal Decomposition Performance of CL‐20‐Based Ultraviolet Curing Propellants
Authors: Gao Yu‐chen , Li Manman , Yang Wei‐tao , Hu Rui , Zhang Yu‐cheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPhotocuring formulas were designed for 3D printing technology used in forming propellants, explosives, and pyrotechnics. Thermal performance is an essential part of the comprehensive performance of this kind of formula. In this paper, a formula consisting of epoxy acrylic resin (EA) as binder and hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL‐20) as the energetic additive was developed and printed by material extrusion 3D printing technology. The thermal decomposition behavior was investigated by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method. Furthermore, the decomposition kinetics was calculated and analysed based on Kissinger‐Akahira‐Sunose (KSA) method. In addition, species and contents of gaseous products during decomposition were measured using the DSC‐TG‐FTIR‐MS method. The results from these several techniques were discussed comprehensively. It was shown that the resin binder has great effects on the decomposition of CL‐20. It was found that the interaction between resin and CL‐20 led to two exothermic processes in the decomposition of the compound. Also, there was no overlap in the activation energy between the two processes, with 149.23 kJ/mol for the first process and 164.41 kJ/mol for the second process.
Community pharmacists workforce readiness to deliver vaccination services: A cross‐sectional study from Jordan
Authors: Alnahar Saja A. , Gkountouras Georgios , Darwish Rula M. , Bates Ian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study assesses Jordanian community pharmacists’ readiness and willingness to deliver vaccination services in their practice sites. Between February and April 2021, a self‐administered online questionnaire was distributed via social media, WhatsApp messages, and personal communication. The questionnaire targeted practicing community pharmacies. Descriptive and inferential data analysis was carried out. A total of 403 community pharmacists participated in the study. Almost 146 (36%) community pharmacists reported vaccinating patients in their practice sites. However, readiness assessment revealed that only 54 (13.4%) pharmacists received the required training and qualifications. Moreover, 33 (8.2%) study participants worked in adequately equipped and designed community pharmacies. Overall, surveyed participants held positive attitudes toward their involvement in vaccination services: 260 (64.5%) pharmacists were willing to vaccinate patients, and 227 (65.0%) out of unready, unqualified, participants were willing to get needed training and qualifications. According to study participants, regulatory and professional bodies (Ministry of Health, Jordan Pharmacists Association) are influential in supporting pharmacist‐vaccinators. Among the investigated factors, organizational structure and employment status were significantly associated with pharmacists’ readiness to deliver vaccination. This study revealed that further work is needed to increase pharmacists’ and pharmacies’ readiness to deliver vaccination services and that regulators should follow a more active approach in highlighting the importance of training and the impact of training in patients’ safety and satisfaction.
An analytical review for the estimation of montelukast sodium
Authors: Anant Arjun , Saha Moumita , Dhiman Shubham , Singh Priti , Kurmi Balak Das , Gupta Ghanshyam Das , Asati Vivek 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMontelukast is a highly potent and selective receptor antagonist of cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLT1) used in chronic asthma and vasoconstriction reduction and also used in allergies, swelling, hay fever, and shortness of breath. For the measurement of montelukast sodium in biological and pharmaceutical samples, there are different asynchronous and concurrent analytical methods, such as high‐performance thin layer chromatography, UV spectroscopy, capillary electrophoresis, high‐performance liquid chromatography, and liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry, have been developed. The pathogenesis of asthma, mechanism of action, and various analytical methods for the detection of montelukast sodium and its combination of dosage forms and biological samples have been described in the present review. Ranjan et al. suggested the reverse phase high‐performance liquid chromatography approach for estimating montelukast in rabbit plasma and found the best limit of detection result of 1.0 ng/mL. Ezzeldin et al. developed a liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry system for the simultaneous detection of combinations of montelukast, gliclazide, and nifedipine. The authors conclude that the studies described in the present manuscript will assist researchers in choosing a simple, rapid, and responsive method for the analysis of montelukast sodium and its combinations.
Development of a sample preparation procedure using an iron‐based metal‐organic framework for the extraction of pesticides from fruit juices by dispersive micro solid‐phase extraction followed by their preconcentration by dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction
Authors: Pezhhanfar Sakha , Farajzadeh Mir Ali , Hosseini‐Yazdi Seyed Abolfazl , Afshar Mogaddam Mohammad Reza 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFor the first time, this research aims to develop a MIL‐53 (Fe)‐based dispersive micro solid‐phase extraction method prior to dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction for the extraction and preconcentration of some pesticides and their analysis using a gas chromatography–flame ionization detector. For performing the extraction procedure, MIL‐53 (Fe) was added to an aqueous solution containing the analytes and vortexed to be dispersed in the solution and adsorb the analytes. After centrifugation, the analytes loaded on the adsorbent were eluted using acetonitrile. Then, μL‐level of carbon tetrachloride, as an extractant, was mixed with the obtained acetonitrile phase and injected into deionized water. One microliter of the sedimented phase after centrifugation was injected into the separation system. Satisfactory analytical results such as wide linear ranges, high enrichment factors (250–380), reasonable extraction recoveries (50–76%), and low limits of detection (0.63–2.05 μg L−1) and quantification (2.11–6.83 μg L−1) were obtained. Using only 5.0 mg MIL‐53 (Fe) as the sorbent, 0.5 mL acetonitrile as the elution/disperser solvent, and 40 μL carbon tetrachloride as the extractant makes the analytical approach so precious. Also, using a green metal, iron, as the central ion of the metal‐organic framework is another beneficial aspect of the research.
A survey on datasets for fairness‐aware machine learning
Authors: Le Quy Tai , Roy Arjun , Iosifidis Vasileios , Zhang Wenbin , Ntoutsi Eirini 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAs decision‐making increasingly relies on machine learning (ML) and (big) data, the issue of fairness in data‐driven artificial intelligence systems is receiving increasing attention from both research and industry. A large variety of fairness‐aware ML solutions have been proposed which involve fairness‐related interventions in the data, learning algorithms, and/or model outputs. However, a vital part of proposing new approaches is evaluating them empirically on benchmark datasets that represent realistic and diverse settings. Therefore, in this paper, we overview real‐world datasets used for fairness‐aware ML. We focus on tabular data as the most common data representation for fairness‐aware ML. We start our analysis by identifying relationships between the different attributes, particularly with respect to protected attributes and class attribute, using a Bayesian network. For a deeper understanding of bias in the datasets, we investigate interesting relationships using exploratory analysis.This article is categorized under:
Commercial, Legal, and Ethical Issues > Fairness in Data Mining
Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Data Concepts
Technologies > Data Preprocessing
Clinical magnetic hyperthermia requires integrated magnetic particle imaging
Authors: Healy Sean , Bakuzis Andris F. , Goodwill Patrick W. , Attaluri Anilchandra , Bulte Jeff W. M. , Ivkov Robert 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMagnetic nanomaterials that respond to clinical magnetic devices have significant potential as cancer nanotheranostics. The complexities of their physics, however, introduce challenges for these applications. Hyperthermia is a heat‐based cancer therapy that improves treatment outcomes and patient survival when controlled energy delivery is combined with accurate thermometry. To date, few technologies have achieved the needed evolution for the demands of the clinic. Magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) offers this potential, but to be successful it requires particle‐imaging technology that provides real‐time thermometry. Presently, the only technology having the potential to meet these requirements is magnetic particle imaging (MPI), for which a proof‐of‐principle demonstration with MFH has been achieved. Successful clinical translation and adoption of integrated MPI/MFH technology will depend on successful resolution of the technological challenges discussed.This article is categorized under:Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic DiseaseDiagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging
Bildgebung in der gelenkerhaltenden Hüftchirurgie
Authors: Meier M. K. , Lerch T. D. , Hanke M. S. , Tannast M. , Steppacher S. D. , Schmaranzer F. 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungInstabilität und Impingement stellen die Hauptpathomechanismen dar, die bereits bei jungen Patienten durch erhöhten mechanischen Stress zu chondrolabralen Schäden, schmerzhafter Bewegungseinschränkung und frühzeitiger Coxarthrose führen können. Ziele der gelenkerhaltenden Chirurgie an der Hüfte sind die Korrektur der knöchernen Deformitäten und chondrolabraler Schäden sowie die Wiederherstellung der Gelenkfunktion. Voraussetzung dafür ist die Identifikation der ursächlichen Pathologien an der Hüfte, welche zudem in Kombination auftreten können. Die dezidierte Röntgen- und Magnetresonanzbildgebung der knöchernen Morphologie und der degenerativen Gelenkbinnenläsionen liefern einen essenziellen Beitrag für die Behandlungsindikation und die Behandlungsplanung. Der vorliegende Artikel soll einen kurzen Überblick über die Hüftdeformitäten mit deren Prävalenz, Pathomechanismus und indizierter Therapie sowie detaillierte Empfehlungen über die spezifische radiologische Abklärung geben.