bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formation of NaCl by radiative association in interstellar environments
Authors: Šimsová-Zámecníková M. , Soldán P. , Gustafsson M. 
Published: June 2022

Context. Radiative association is a possible way of sodium chloride (NaCl) formation in interstellar and related environments. Theoretical studies are essential since laboratory experiments are unavailable and difficult to perform.
Aims. The total rate coefficient was calculated for the formation of NaCl by radiative association at 30–750 K.
Methods. We included two contributing processes for the total rate-coefficient computation. One of them takes the nonadiabatic coupling between the two lowest 1Σ+ states, Χ1Σ+ and Β1Σ+, into account. The other one was calculated conventionally as a single channel and started in the continuum of the A1Π state. The individual rate coefficients were calculated from cross sections obtained up to 0.8 eV, which enabled us to calculate the rate coefficients up to 750 K. The cross section was also calculated for a one-state process within the Χ1 Σ+ state.
Results. The nonadiabatic coupling enhances the formation of NaCl by radiative association by two orders of magnitude at about 30 K and by around one order of magnitude at about 750 K. The single-channel process starting in the continuum of the A1 Π state starts to contribute above around 200 K. The one-state transition model, within the Χ1Σ+ state, is not an adequate approximation for collisions in 1Σ+ symmetry. Instead, these collisions are treated in the diabatic representation in the total rate-coefficient calculation.
Conclusions. The calculated total rate-coefficient function at 30–750 K can improve the astrochemical reaction networks for the CRL 2688, IRC+10216, and Orion SrcI environments, where NaCl was detected before.
Therapiekonzepte beim Schilddrüsenkarzinom
Authors: Eilsberger Friederike , Kreissl Michael C , Luster Markus , Pfestroff Andreas 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Theranostik über den Natrium-Iodid-Symporter (NIS) bietet bei differenzierten Schilddrüsenkarzinomen eine einzigartige Option. Die diagnostischen und therapeutischen Nuklide weisen eine übereinstimmende Aufnahme und Kinetik auf, sodass der NIS das wichtigste theranostische Target bei dieser Erkrankung darstellt. Radioiodrefraktäre Schilddrüsenkarzinome (RRTC) zeichnen sich durch eine verminderte/fehlende NIS-Expression aus, sodass diese Struktur als theranostisches Ziel entfällt. Auch aufgrund eingeschränkter therapeutischer Optionen gibt es Ansätze, bei RRTC über die Expression von Somatostatinrezeptoren (SSTR) oder das Prostata-spezifische-Membranantigen (PSMA) neue theranostische Targets zu generieren, jedoch lässt die aktuelle Studienlage eine endgültige Bewertung der Erfolgsaussichten noch nicht zu.
30- und 90-Tage-Letalität bei Patienten mit Lungenkarzinom im Stadium IV in Abhängigkeit der Primärtherapie
Authors: Möller Miriam , Adner Juliane , Schütte Wolfgang , Krüger Marcus 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungDie frühe Letalität nach der Therapieeinleitung bei Patienten mit Lungenkarzinom im Stadium IV stand bisher selten im Fokus wissenschaftlicher Arbeiten. Die wenige verbleibende Zeit zwischen Diagnosestellung, Therapiebeginn und Todeseintritt sowie die evtl. beeinflussenden Faktoren beschäftigen jedoch Patienten und Behandler in hohem Maße. Entsprechend ist das Ziel dieser Arbeit die 30- und 90-Tage-Letalität nach Einleitung einer First-Line-Therapie zu analysieren und mögliche Einflussfaktoren auf eine frühe Letalität zu eruieren. Hierzu wurden retrospektiv die Daten von 225 Patienten mit Lungenkarzinom im Stadium IV und Behandlung im Lungenkrebszentrum Martha-Maria Halle-Dölau und in der Lungenklinik Ballenstedt im Zeitraum vom 01.01.2017 bis zum 18.05.2020 erfasst. Therapieformen und Patientenmerkmale wurden mittels Häufigkeitsverteilung analysiert und die Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeiten durch die Kaplan-Meier-Methode geschätzt. Die Analyse der frühen Letalität aller tumorspezifisch behandelten Patienten brachte zum Zeitpunkt 30 Tage nach Therapiebeginn eine Letalität von 8,5% und nach 90 Tagen eine Rate von 23,5%. Im direkten Vergleich der unterschiedlichen Therapiegruppen fielen die Patienten mit einer Monotherapie mit Checkpointinhibitoren mit einer höheren Letalität auf (16,6% nach 30 Tagen und 44,3% nach 90 Tagen). Hingegen blieb die Letalität der Patienten der anderen Therapiegruppen bei unter 10% nach 30 Tagen und unter 23,3% nach 90 Tagen. Als Prädiktoren für eine höhere frühe Letalität konnten ein schlechter Allgemeinzustand, eine fortgeschrittene Tumorerkrankung, eine Polymetastasierung sowie die positive Raucheranamnese eruiert werden. Dagegen bestand kein relevanter Unterschied der Letalität zwischen den unterschiedlichen Tumorentitäten, dem Geschlecht sowie dem PD-L1- und Mutationsstatus. Mit dieser Analyse konnte eine sehr hohe, mit anderen Untersuchungen vergleichbare frühe Letalität bei Patienten mit Lungenkarzinom nachgewiesen werden. Relevante Unterschiede zwischen den Therapieformen verdeutlichen die Wichtigkeit einer individuellen Patientenselektion zu den jeweiligen Therapieoptionen und die rasche Entscheidung zu einer Therapieeinleitung.
Implementing Best Practices to Redesign Workflow and Optimize Nursing Documentation in the Electronic Health Record
Authors: Lindsay Mary R. , Lytle Kay 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground Documentation burden associated with electronic health records (EHR) is well documented in the literature. Usability and functionality of the EHR are considered fragmented and disorganized making it difficult to synthesize clinical information. Few best practices are reported in the literature to support streamlining the configuration of documentation fields to align clinical workflow with EHR data entry elements.Objective The primary objective was to improve performance, reduce duplication, and remove nonvalue-added tasks by redesigning the patient assessment template in the EHR using best practice approaches.Methods A quality improvement approach and pre-/postdesign was used to implement and evaluate best approaches to redesign standardized flowsheet documentation workflow. We implemented standards for usability modifications targeting efficiency, reducing redundancy, and improving workflow navigation. The assessment type row was removed; a reassessment section was added to the first three flowsheet rows and documentation practices were revised to document changes from the initial assessment by selecting the corresponding body system from the dropdown menu. Vendor-supplied timestamp data were used to evaluate documentation times. Video motion-time recording was used to capture click and scroll burden, defined as steps in documentation, and was analyzed using the Keystrok Level Model.Results This study's results included an 18.5% decreased time in the EHR; decrease of 7 to 12% of total time in flowsheets; time savings of 1.5 to 6.5 minutes per reassessment per patient; and a decrease of 88 to 97% in number of steps to perform reassessment documentation.Conclusion Workflow redesign to improve the usability and functionality decreased documentation time, redundancy, and click burden resulting in improved productivity. The time savings correlate to several hours per 12-hour shift which could be reallocated to value-added patient care activities. Revising documentation practices in alignment with redesign benefits staff by decreasing workload, improving quality, and satisfaction.
Bare Magnetite-Promoted Oxidative Hydroxylation of Arylboronic Acids and Subsequent Conversion into Phenolic Compounds
Authors: Kim Seung-Hoi , Cho Hyun-A , Lee Yong-Ki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe simple combination of readily available, recoverable, and recyclable magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles and an environmentally friendly oxidant (H2O2) induced the effective functional group transformation of arylboronic acids into their corresponding phenols under mild conditions. Moreover, subsequent treatment of the reaction intermediate with appropriate electrophiles was accomplished in a one-pot system, leading to the formation of halophenols and phenolic derivatives.
The Pathway of Female Couples in a Fertility Clinic
Authors: Brandão Pedro , Ceschin Nathan , Gómez Victor Hugo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective The present study aims to describe the main characteristics of female couples resorting to a fertility clinic, to understand whether these patients have clear previous plans concerning procreation and how they end up completing their family planning, and to briefly describe the main outcomes of the recepción de ovocitos de pareja (ROPA, in the Spanish acronym: in English, reception of partner's oocytes) method.
Methods This is a descriptive retrospective study of the pathway and outcomes of female couples in a fertility clinic during a 2-year period.
Results A total of 129 couples were treated. Only one third of the couples had no condition potentially affecting fertility or advanced age. Most couples were decided to undergo artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization and the majority kept their plans, as opposed to 38% of the couples who decided to the ROPA method (lesbian shared in vitro fertilization) who changed plans. Live birth rates per treatment (including frozen embryo transfers) for artificial insemination, 58% for in vitro fertilization, 80% for treatments with donated oocytes or embryos, and 79% for ROPA. Four in five couples achieved live births.
Conclusion The present study highlights the importance of a thorough medical workup in same-sex couples resorting to assisted reproduction. Despite the higher-than-expected rates of fertility disorders, the outcomes were good. Most couples end up in a single parented method. Furthermore, the results of the ROPA method are reassuring.
Structural and electrical properties of thick κ-Ga2O3 grown on GaN/sapphire templates
Authors: Polyakov A. Y. , Nikolaev V. I. , Pechnikov A. I. , Stepanov S. I. , Yakimov E. B. , Scheglov M. P. , Shchemerov I. V. , Vasilev A. A. , Kochkova A. A. , Chernykh A. V. , Chikiryaka A. V. , Pearton S. J. 
Published: June 2022

Thick (23 µm) films of κ-Ga2O3 were grown by Halide Vapor Phase Epitaxy (HVPE) on GaN/sapphire templates at 630 °C. X-ray analysis confirmed the formation of single-phase κ-Ga2O3 with half-widths of the high-resolution x-ray diffraction (004), (006), and (008) symmetric reflections of 4.5 arc min and asymmetric (027) reflection of 14 arc min. Orthorhombic κ-Ga2O3 polymorph formation was confirmed from analysis of the Kikuchi diffraction pattern in electron backscattering diffraction. Secondary electron imaging indicated a reasonably flat surface morphology with a few (area density ∼103 cm−2) approximately circular (diameter ∼50–100 µm) uncoalesced regions, containing κ-Ga2O3 columns with in-plane dimensions and a height of about 10 µm. Micro-cathodoluminescence (MCL) spectra showed a wide 2–3.5 eV band that could be deconvoluted into narrower bands peaked at 2.59, 2.66, 2.86, and 3.12 eV. Ni Schottky diodes prepared on the films showed good rectification but a high series resistance. The films had a thin near-surface region dominated by Ec − 0.7 eV deep centers and a deeper region (∼2 µm from the surface) dominated by shallow donors with concentrations of ≤1016 cm−3. Photocurrent and photocapacitance spectra showed the presence of deep compensating acceptors with optical ionization energies of ∼1.35 and 2.3 eV, the latter being close to the energy of one of the MCL bands. Deep level transient spectroscopy revealed deep traps with energies near 0.3, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, and 1 eV from the conduction band edge. The results show the potential of HVPE to grow very thick κ-Ga2O3 on GaN/sapphire templates.
Light absorption enhancement in ultrathin perovskite solar cells using plasmonic light trapping and bionic anti-reflection coating
Authors: Jiang Weiwen , Chen Xi 
Published: June 2022

Perovskite solar cells have attracted much attention due to their easy fabrication, low cost, and high photoelectric conversion efficiency. To reduce pollution, the absorption layer thickness of perovskite solar cells should be reduced. Moreover, the ultrathin layer can effectively depress the electron–hole recombination in the process of carrier transfer. However, the light absorption of the ultrathin perovskite solar cell is not satisfactory. The promising pathways to design absorption-enhanced ultrathin perovskite solar cells are plasmonic light trapping and anti-reflection coating. In this paper, we propose a design for the light absorption enhancement of ultrathin solar cells with a 100 nm perovskite layer through the integration of plasmonic structure arrays and moth-eye textured anti-reflection coatings. Due to the plasmonic scattering and the antireflection effect, an optimized light absorption enhancement of 41% has been achieved, compared with a 100 nm blank layer. In this case, a silver cylindrical array with a radius of 100 nm, a height of 120 nm, and a coverage of 12% is embedded into the rear-side hole transport layer. Inverted pyramids of the moth-eye textures with a base length of 180 nm and a depth of 125 nm are located on the front surface of the antireflection coating and further improve the perovskite light absorption. The absorbance of the 100 nm layer is dramatically raised to 72.51%, which is comparable to that of a 300 nm perovskite layer (72.86%). The simulation results pave the way for the realization of environmental-friendly and high-performance perovskite optoelectronic devices.
Rupture process of the 2021 M7.4 Maduo earthquake and implication for deformation mode of the Songpan-Ganzi terrane in Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Yue Han , Shen Zheng-Kang , Zhao Zeyan , Wang Teng , Cao Bonan , Li Zhen , Bao Xuewei , Zhao Li , Song Xiaodong , Ge Zengxi , Ren Chunmei , Lu Weifan , Zhang Yong , Liu-Zeng Jing , Wang Min , Huang Qinghua , Zhou Shiyong , Xue Lian 
Published: June 2022

SignificanceThe Songpan-Ganzi terrane lies in the central-east of the Tibetan Plateau, which was considered a stable block in some tectonic models. Its deformation mode is of crucial importance for understanding the evolutionary history and seismic hazard of the plateau. The recent Maduo earthquake occurred inside the terrane. We resolve a bilateral rupture process with distinct super- and subshear rupture modes for this event. We also find that pervasive folding structures that are aligned by shear deformation in the current Songpan-Ganzi terrane are responsible for the seismic wave anisotropy and shear strain orientation in its upper crust. Its deformation mode can be classified as distributed simple shear, which receives shear loads from side walls and produces internal earthquakes.
Atomic view of the HIV-1 matrix lattice; implications on virus assembly and envelope incorporation
Authors: Samal Alexandra B. , Green Todd J. , Saad Jamil S. 
Published: June 2022

Significance
The assembly of immature HIV-1 particles is initiated by targeting of the Gag polyproteins to the plasma membrane (PM). Gag binding to the PM is mediated by the N-terminally myristoylated matrix (myrMA) domain. Formation of a Gag lattice on the PM is obligatory for the assembly of immature HIV-1 and envelope (Env) incorporation. The structure of the myrMA lattice presented here provided insights on the molecular factors that stabilize the lattice and hence favor Env incorporation. Our data support a mechanism for Gag binding to the PM during the assembly of immature particles and upon maturation. These findings advance our understanding of a critical step in HIV-1 assembly.
Language and culture wars
Authors: Erdocia Iker 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe far right has launched its own particular crusade against gender-neutral language (GNL). In this article, I examine how the parties Rassemblement National, in France, and Vox, in Spain, instrumentalise discursively their opposition to GNL as part of their overall political strategy of confronting social change. By using a culture war framework, I critically analyse the connections between the polarised representations of language and those of other fronts of cultural conflict that the far right directs against adversary groups. I show that both political parties have co-opted language into the culture wars they pursue on other fronts, albeit with significant differences. I argue that in addition to the idea of a single overall struggle based on moral differences and cultural cleavages, culture wars are also to be understood as interconnected fronts in different spheres of contention that the far right strategically exploits.
Self-Focusing of Gaussian Laser Beam in an Axially Magnetized Plasma
Authors: Nikam P. P. , Pawar V. S. , Patil S. D. , Takale M. V. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A well established parabolic equation approach to study the evolution of self-focusing of Gaussian laser beam in underdense, magnetized plasma has been presented. The uniform external magnetic field is assumed to be applied along (forward) as well as opposite (reverse) to the direction of propagation of laser beam. The nonlinear differential equation governing dimensionless beam-width parameter is derived under WKB and paraxial approximations. It is observed that forward (reverse) magnetic field increases (decreases) the self-focusing of Gaussian laser beam as compared to the unmagnetized case of reference.
Review of Cobalt Oxide (CoO) thin films prepared by various techniques
Authors: Himanshu  , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
It is reviewed that for fulfilling the demands of portable devices like phones, watches, low-cost energy storage system etc, cobalt oxides and their composite play a very promising role. Recently, nanotechnology has great application toward gay to-day life. This paper reviews the various deposition techniques for cobalt thin films such as chemical spray pyrolysis, atomic layer deposition, metal organic chemical vapor deposition, plasma atomic layer deposition, facile spray pyrolysis technique, spin coating techniques and reactive pulsed magnetron sputtering. Cobalt oxides are semiconductors and this material is very useful in electronic, optical and catalytic applications. In this review paper, various methods for formation of thin films were discussed. Number of properties such as structural, electrochemical and morphological of these prepared films was studied. It was observed that annealing temperature has great intense effect on thickness of films. This paper also discussed the characterization technique carried by researcher such as UV-spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM). It was concluded that cobalt metallic films have great contribution toward new technological applications.
Alert system of fisherman for secure navigation
Authors: Anandh BA. , Sakthivel R , Shankar Ganesh A , Kaviya A 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In day-to-day life we hear news about fisherman caught and even kill by naval infantry forces of other country for crossing the international borders. The proposed system can be used by the fisherman to safeguard them with the help of Global Positioning System (GPS) module based alerting system. The system uses the GPS device to get the current location i.e., latitude and longitude values of the boat and is continuously compared with the pre-set values in controller unit. As a result of this, the system alerts by buzzer sound before five hundred meter range and when the boat is near to international borders the speed of the boat is reduced. If the shipper refused to stop the boat and continues further the system alerts the fisheries by voice alarm. At the same time the control unit stops the boat from moving further and the present location is transmitted to the coastguards with the help of RF Transceiver. This is achieved when the boat is before 200 hundred meter range to of the international borders. If the boat tries to cross the international border or the boat is taken over by other countryman naval forces, the location of the boat is transmitted to coastguard port office continuously. This system also has hijack switch and when the switch is pressed it convey the hijack information and the current location to the coastguards continuously.
Design and Characteristics of various types of gas sensors for hydrogen sulfide gas detection - A Review
Authors: Sheoran Jyoti , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper reviews the sensor design and the gas sensing characteristics such as stability, sensitivity, response time, range of operation etc. to detect and monitor highly toxic gas such as hydrogen sulfide. This gas is responsible for many deaths in the industrial environments and flaura and fauna of a region. The comparison between the gas sensors can be done on the basis of operating range of gas concentration and working principle. Also the various limitations of each gas sensor has been discussed. From this study the best possible materials that give best possible characteristics for the hydrogen sulfide gas sensor fabrication have been identified. Using this knowledge, a highly sensitive and selective gas sensor that will have industrial uses too will be fabricated.
Tunable thermochromism in V2O5 films deposited by cathodic vacuum arc method by tailoring the oxygen deficiency
Authors: Neema S. , Abhijith A R , Panwar O. S. , Srivastava A. , Rana A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Theromochromism and electrochromic coatings have promising applications in smart windows, IR sensors, and bio-medical devices. In this paper, we report the growth of vanadium oxide films using cathodic vacuum arc method for thermochromic application. Successive annealing of the as grown film shows the formation of yellow color V2O5 films. The color of the as grown films suggest the growth of highly disordered black VxOy film which after annealing gets converted into yellow V2O5 as confirmed by the X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray analysis was used to investigate the morphology and chemical composition of V2O5 phase. Although, the films gets completely converted into the stable phase after annealing but heating cycling of temperature significantly changes the color of the films in a reversible manner that confirms the thermochromic behavior. We propose a breathing of oxygen (tailoring of Oxygen within the films) responsible for such reversible change in the color. These studies open new pathways for investigating these films to electrochromic properties by locally heating the materials through electric current (through Joule heating) and change the optical properties.
Study of co-pyrolysis process of biomass and plastic polymers for bio-oil production and upgradation: A review
Authors: Bisen D , Chouhan A P S , Sharma V 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Current study highly motivated to use the solid wastes (biomass and plastic wastes) for clean energy production by using the thermo-chemical conversion process such as pyrolysis. The products of the pyrolysis are bio-oil, charcoal and pyro-gases. This technique can be provided the promising option on the clean energy production as well as reduction of the carbon level and greenhouse gases from the environment and it also promotes the Savach Bharat Abhiyan. The conventional pyrolysis process has some disadvantage such as produced bio-oil has some impurities such as water content, less heating value, high viscosity becausetar content and high ash content. All these properties of the bio-oil fuel can’t be upgraded by using the conventional pyrolysis process but these impurities can be removed by using the co-pyrolysis technique. Co-pyrolysis technique can be enhanced the fuel quality by upgrading the fuel such as heating value, reduction of tar content and ash contents and this study also covers the upgradation and improvement of the fuel quality.