bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
lincRNA-Cox2 Functions to Regulate Inflammation in Alveolar Macrophages during Acute Lung Injury
Authors: Robinson Elektra Kantzari , Worthington Atesh , Poscablo Donna , Shapleigh Barbara , Salih Mays Mohammed , Halasz Haley , Seninge Lucas , Mosqueira Benny , Smaliy Valeriya , Forsberg E Camilla , Carpenter Susan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Our respiratory system is vital to protect us from the surrounding nonsterile environment; therefore, it is critical for a state of homeostasis to be maintained through a balance of inflammatory cues. Recent studies have shown that actively transcribed noncoding regions of the genome are emerging as key regulators of biological processes, including inflammation. lincRNA-Cox2 is one such example of an inflammatory inducible long intergenic noncoding RNA functioning to fine-tune immune gene expression. Using bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing, in addition to FACS, we find that lincRNA-Cox2 is most highly expressed in the lung and is most upregulated after LPS-induced lung injury (acute lung injury [ALI]) within alveolar macrophages, where it functions to regulate inflammation. We previously reported that lincRNA-Cox2 functions to regulate its neighboring protein Ptgs2 in cis, and in this study, we use genetic mouse models to confirm its role in regulating gene expression more broadly in trans during ALI. Il6, Ccl3, and Ccl5 are dysregulated in the lincRNA-Cox2–deficient mice and can be rescued to wild type levels by crossing the deficient mice with our newly generated lincRNA-Cox2 transgenic mice, confirming that this gene functions in trans. Many genes are specifically regulated by lincRNA-Cox2 within alveolar macrophages originating from the bone marrow because the phenotype can be reversed by transplantation of wild type bone marrow into the lincRNA-Cox2–deficient mice. In conclusion, we show that lincRNA-Cox2 is a trans-acting long noncoding RNA that functions to regulate immune responses and maintain homeostasis within the lung at baseline and on LPS-induced ALI.
Mettl14-Mediated m6A Modification Is Essential for Germinal Center B Cell Response
Authors: Huang Hengjun , Zhang Gaopu , Ruan Gui-Xin , Li Yuxing , Chen Wenjing , Zou Jia , Zhang Rui , Wang Jing , Ji Sheng-Jian , Xu Shengli , Ou Xijun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The germinal center (GC) response is essential for generating memory B and long-lived Ab-secreting plasma cells during the T cell–dependent immune response. In the GC, signals via the BCR and CD40 collaboratively promote the proliferation and positive selection of GC B cells expressing BCRs with high affinities for specific Ags. Although a complex gene transcriptional regulatory network is known to control the GC response, it remains elusive how the positive selection of GC B cells is modulated posttranscriptionally. In this study, we show that methyltransferase like 14 (Mettl14)–mediated methylation of adenosines at the position N6 of mRNA (N6-methyladenosine [m6A]) is essential for the GC B cell response in mice. Ablation of Mettl14 in B cells leads to compromised GC B cell proliferation and a defective Ab response. Interestingly, we unravel that Mettl14-mediated m6A regulates the expression of genes critical for positive selection and cell cycle regulation of GC B cells in a Ythdf2-dependent but Myc-independent manner. Furthermore, our study reveals that Mettl14-mediated m6A modification promotes mRNA decay of negative immune regulators, such as Lax1 and Tipe2, to upregulate genes requisite for GC B cell positive selection and proliferation. Thus, our findings suggest that Mettl14-mediated m6A modification plays an essential role in the GC B cell response.
A rare case report of post-Covid Mucormycosis-Aspergillosis co-infection
Authors: Singh Dharmendra , Verma Rajesh , Chauhan Jitendra , Sharma Ankita , Saraswat Satender , Kumar Sandeep 
Published: April 2022

Background and Purpose:
Mucormycosis and Aspergillosis square measure the foremost frequent fungal infections caused by these filiform fungi. Coinfection is scarce and incorporates a poor prognosis. The commonest presentation of invasive fungal infection (IFI) is rhinocerebral involvement. It ordinarily affects immunocompromised patients.
Case report:
A 55-year-old post-COVID male patient with uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus developed swelling and chemosis in the left eye. In plain CT orbit, mucosal thickenings were seen in the ethmoid, sphenoid, left frontal, and left maxillary sinuses without any erosions or extensions. Nasal endoscopy showed black-brown overgrowth on the left middle turbinate. Biopsy revealed growth of both Mucor and Aspergillus. The patient was treated for Diabetic Ketoacidosis along with Amphotericin-B for anti-fungal management and showed significant improvement and is stable.
Conclusion:
It is probably the first rare case of coinfection with Mucormycosis (Rhizopus spp.) and Aspergillosis (Aspergillus flavus). Early diagnosis is a major advantage in management. The multidisciplinary approach of such cases is invaluable. The implementation of higher diagnostic methods including PCR in the diagnosis at all tertiary care facilities. A refined selection of post-COVID cases in higher numbers and cautious collection and processing of patient specimens will certainly attribute to higher chances of a definitive diagnosis and an early initiation of specific and efficient treatment.
Cross-Sectional Area Reference Values of Nerves in the Upper and Lower Extremities using Ultrasonography in the Indian Population
Authors: Sindhu DM , Huddar Akshata , Saini Jitender , Vengalil Seena , Nashi Saraswati , Bardhan Mainak , Unnikrishnan Gopikrishnan , Rajula Rahul Reddy , Kandavel Thennarasu , Bathala Lokesh , Visser Leo H. , Nalini Atchayaram 
Published: April 2022

Background and Purpose:
Cross-sectional area (CSA) is the most important parameter to study peripheral nerves by high-resolution ultrasonography. The aim was to acquire normative data of CSA of the main upper and lower limb nerves in the Indian population.

Methods:
CSA of nerves was determined in 100 healthy volunteers at 11 predetermined sites: median and ulnar at the wrist, mid-forearm, elbow; radial (spiral groove); tibial (popliteal fossa, medial malleolus); common peroneal (CPN, fibular head) and sural (lateral malleolus).

Results:
The mean age of participants was 40.7 ± 13.0 years (range: 18-79). Fifty were < 40 years of age. The mean height, weight and BMI were 161.5 ± 8.3 centimeters (range: 145—179), 58.6 ± 10.1 kilograms (range: 32-90) and 22.4 ± 3.2 kilogram/square meter (range: 14.03-30.44), respectively. The median and ulnar nerve measurements were non-uniform throughout its course, and the CSA was largest at the elbow and ulnar groove, respectively. With advancing age, there was a significant difference for median and ulnar nerves at the wrist (median P = 0.002, ulnar P = 0.009) and tibial nerve (popliteal fossa, P = 0.045, medial malleolus, P = 0.005), CPN (P = 0.047). Men had greater CSA of upper limb nerves and tibial nerves at popliteal fossa (P < 0.05) as compared to women. A positive correlation was noted with weight.

Conclusion:
It is apt for every defined population to have its own set of normative data of CSA as it varies with ethnicity, age, and the built of individuals. We provide a valuable set of CSA data for nerves in the Indian population, which can be used for comparison while investigating peripheral nerve disorders.
Are we overusing abdominal computed tomography scans in young patients referred in an emergency for acute abdominal pain?
Authors: Salerno Sergio , Terranova Maria Chiara , Anzelmo Maria Teresa , Vinci Alessia , Vernuccio Federica , Collura Giorgio , Marrale Maurizio , Re Giuseppe Lo 
Published: April 2022

PurposeThe primary objective was to assess the frequency of appropriateness of computed tomography (CT) for acute abdominal pain (AAP) in the emergency department; the secondary aim was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of ultra­sound (US) and CT in the diagnosis of the aetiology of AAP for diseases that can be diagnosed by US; and the third objective was to assess extent to which inappropriate CT examinations for AAP result in ionizing radiation exposure.Material and methodsIn this retrospective single-centre study, we included patients aged between 15 and 46 years referred to the emergency department for AAP in 2016 and submitted to abdominal CT scans, collecting a total of 586 patients. In 152 patients with the more frequent pathologies, we compared the referral reason and current guidelines of the European Society of Radiology (ESR) IGUIDE®. Then we measured and compared the sensitivity of US and CT for the identification of the aetiology of AAP for diseases whose diagnosis can be reached by US. We also recorded the mean computed tomography dose index (CTDIvol), dose length product (DLP) and its standard deviation, and we calculated the effective dose (ED) using CT-Expo® software.ResultsAccording to IGUIDE and based on the clinical suspicion of CT requests, CT examination was considered crucial in 264 (45.05%) patients. 322 patients had a referral reason for CT scan that could be considered “possibly appropriate” according Iguide criteria (4, 5, 6 scoring). Of these, 135 had an inappropriate CT request according to image findings.ConclusionsA better clinical framing and a correct interpretation of the reference guidelines could reduce unjustified exposure to ionizing radiation.
Characteristics of two tsunamis generated by successive Mw 7.4 and Mw 8.1 earthquakes in the Kermadec Islands on 4 March 2021
Authors: Wang Yuchen , Heidarzadeh Mohammad , Satake Kenji , Hu Gui 
Published: April 2022

Abstract. On 4 March 2021, two tsunamigenic earthquakes (Mw 7.4 and Mw 8.1) occurred successively within 2 h in the Kermadec Islands, offshore New Zealand. We examined sea level records at tide gauges located at ∼100 to ∼2000 km from the epicenters, conducted Fourier and wavelet analyses as well as numerical modeling of both tsunamis. Fourier analyses indicated that the energy of the first tsunami is mainly distributed over the period range of 5–17 min, whereas it is 8–32 min for the second tsunami. Wavelet plots showed that the oscillations of the first tsunami continued even after the arrival of the
second tsunami. As the epicenters of two earthquakes are close to each other
(∼55 km), we reconstructed the source spectrum of the second tsunami by using the first tsunami as the empirical Green's function. The main spectral peaks are 25.6, 16.0, and 9.8 min. The results are similar to those calculated using tsunami-to-background ratio method and are also consistent with the source models.
Assessing the effectiveness and the economic impact of evacuation: the case of the island of Vulcano, Italy
Authors: Bonadonna Costanza , Asgary Ali , Romerio Franco , Zulemyan Tais , Frischknecht Corine , Cristiani Chiara , Rosi Mauro , Gregg Chris E. , Biass Sebastien , Pistolesi Marco , Menoni Scira , Ricciardi Antonio 
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Evacuation planning and management represent a key aspect of volcanic
crises because they can increase people's protection as well as minimize
potential impacts on the economy, properties and infrastructure of the
affected area. We present an agent-based simulation tool that assesses the
effectiveness of different evacuation scenarios using the small island of
Vulcano (southern Italy) as a case study. Simulation results show that the
overall time needed to evacuate people should be analysed together with the
percentage of people evacuated as a function of time and that a simultaneous
evacuation on Vulcano is more efficient than a staged evacuation. For
example, during the touristic (high) season between July and August, even
though the overall duration is similar for both evacuation strategies, after
∼ 6 h about 96 % of people would be evacuated with a
simultaneous evacuation, while only 86 % would be evacuated with a staged
evacuation. We also present a model to assess the economic impact of
evacuation as a function of evacuation duration and of the starting period with
respect to the touristic season. It reveals that if an evacuation lasting 3 to 6 months was initiated at the beginning or at the end of the touristic
season (i.e. June or November), it would cause a very different economic
impact on the tourism industry (about 78 %–88 % and 2 %–7 % of the total
annual turnover, respectively). Our results show how the assessment of
evacuation scenarios that consider human and economic impact carried out in
a pre-disaster context helps authorities develop evacuation plans and make
informed decisions outside the highly stressful time period that
characterizes crises.
Analisis kemandirian keuangan daerah, pertumbuhan ekonomi dan tingkat kemiskinan masyarakat di kabupaten kotawaringin barat
Authors: Arafah Neya , Neneng Sunaryo , Marpaung Karmen 
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kemandirian keuangan daerah terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi dan tingkat kemiskinan masyarakat daerah di Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder time series tahun 2009 – 2018 dianalisis menggunakan model analisis jalur (Path Analysis). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kemandirian Keuangan daerah Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat berada pada kategori rendah. Kemandirian keuangan secara langsung mempunyai pengaruh postitif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi dan mempunyai pengaruh negatif terhadap tingkat kemiskinan. Secara tidak langsung kemandirian keuangan daerah mempunyai pengaruh negatif terhadap tingkat kemiskinan masyarakat Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat. Perlu peran pemerintah daerah Kotawaringin Barat untuk mendorong peningkatan pedapatan daerah dan penggunaan dari pendapatan pemerintah berupa belanja lebih difokuskan pada program pengentasan kemiskinan yang berbasis kearifan lokal
Immediate tooth extraction, placement of a tapered implant, and provisionalization in the esthetic zone
Authors: Bali Vikram , Singh Aman , Bhalla Pritish 
Published: April 2022

Purpose: This clinical report describes an immediate tooth extraction, followed by placement and pro- visional restoration of a dental implant in the prepared socket of a left maxillary central incisor. Materials and Methods: The tooth was extracted with minimal hard and soft tissue trauma and without flap reflection. A flapless, transmucosal surgical approach was used to prepare the socket and insert a tapered implant. The implant was immedi ately restored with a provisional abutment and crown without occlusal contacts. Results: During the period of provisional progressive loading, no significant soft tissue contraction was observed related to noninvasive operating techniques and the immediate insertion of the provisional restoration. The patient exhibited no clinical or radiologic complications through 8 months of clinical moni toring after loading. Conclusion: The Pivot Morse Line® implant and all-ceramic restoration provided the patient with immediate esthetics, function, and comfort without any complications during the postloading follow-up period.
La discursivización de "mira" y "pues" en la documentación judicial hispánica (siglos XVI y XVII)
Authors: Gutiérrez Maté Miguel , Fernández Bernaldo de Quirós María 
Published: April 2022

Este artículo tiene en cuenta una dicotomía básica, desarrollada por Koch en varios trabajos, entre reglas idiomáticas y reglas discursivas dentro de lo que desde Coseriu se ha considerado el nivel histórico-idiomático del lenguaje, para dar cuenta desde un enfoque variacional de los rasgos lingüísticos presentes en los fragmentos "orales" en estilo directo que se insertan en la documentación judicial hispánica de los siglos XVI y XVII. Los textos analizados corresponden a actas inquisitoriales y autos indianos, hallados en el Archivo Histórico Nacional de Madrid y el Archivo General de Indias de Sevilla, respectivamente, cuya localización dispersa a lo largo del dominio variacional del español, en los planos geográfico y cronológico, no impide que, desde un punto de vista concepcional, se puedan considerar conjuntamente.
En esta ocasión estudiamos dos marcadores del discurso de diferente naturaleza, mira y pues, que se asemejan por su carácter marcadamente conversacional y su empleo recurrente en estos fragmentos. Como mostramos en la parte final del trabajo, llegan a usarse para estructurar una conversación reproducida, indicar la toma o cambio de turno conversacional o señalar "frontera" de estilo directo.
Manejo de Catéteres Doble J Calcificados en el Hospital General “Dr. Antonio Lenin Fonseca”, de Enero –Junio 2017.
Authors: P. Chávez MR Carlos Andrés 
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: describir desenlaces y manejo en pacientes con catéter doble J calcificado en el Hospital Escolar "Dr. LENIN ANTONIO FONSECA". MANAGUA-NICARAGUA, en el período de enero a junio de 2017.
Material y Métodos: descriptivo, observacional, transversal. estudio donde se tomaron en cuenta todos los pacientes con catéter ureteral calcificado atendidos en el departamento de urología ambulatoria de la Escuela Hospitalaria "Dr. Antonio Lenin Fonseca", de enero a junio de 2017.Se captaron un total de 14 pacientes con stent ureteral permanente J departamento de urología de área calificada ambulatoria Hospital Escuela Antonio Lenin Fonseca en el período mencionado, que según la distribución por sexo, 12 eran hombres y 2 mujeres, con una edad promedio de 52 años y un promedio de uso de endoprótesis ureteral permanente durante 12 meses.
Resultados: Al colocarlos en el sistema los grados de calcificación doble catéter J calcificado (sistema de graduación de stent ureteral FECal), uno encontrado en I, 1 grado, grado II, 2 grado III, 5 grado IV y 5 grado V; endoscópicamente (ureterolitotripsia) y en una operación extracción doble stent J se logra un total de 12 pacientes, solo dos pacientes tuvieron falta de resolución en el primer proceso, por lo que se realiza un segundo procedimiento con la combinación del procedimiento endoscópico percutáneo y obteniendo resultados satisfactorios , solo dos pacientes presentaron complicaciones después del procedimiento quirúrgico (pielonefritis enfisematosa y bacteriemia), que fueron manejados y controlados adecuadamente.
Conclusiones: La calcificación del catéter ureteral doble J es una complicación grave en el uso de estos dispositivos, es importante vigilar de cerca a los pacientes en alto riesgo litogénico.
La gestión de la experiencia endo urológica posibilita la resolución exitosa en un solo momento, incluso en calcificaciones severas.
La presencia de un sistema de clasificación y protocolo de administración de catéteres ureterales calcificados estandariza cómo se aborda este fenómeno; sin embargo, debido al acceso limitado a todas las opciones de manejo en nuestra institución, se debe individualizar el plan a seguir en cada paciente.
Cancer Testicular de Senos Endodérmicos en Lactante.
Authors: Brañas Jurado Javier Alejandro , Petersen Juárez Erick Stanley , Salazar Monterroso Carlos Brisbane , Pérez Chun Sergio Guillermo , Orozco Roberto , Gramajo Marisol , Fortuny Alina 
Published: April 2022

Se presenta caso poco frecuente en paciente de sexo masculino de 1 año y 2 meses, que inicia con aumento de volumen de testículo izquierdo, el cual se diagnóstica por ultrasonido con presencia de masa testicular izquierda, por lo que fue llevado a sala de operaciones para orquiectomía radical. En estudios posteriores anatomopatológicos reportan neoplasia testicular de senos endodérmicos.
Las neoplasias testiculares de células germinales son derivados de células germinales primordiales, las cuales en inicios de la vida embrionaria realizan migración desde el sistema nervioso central primitivo hasta su localización posterior a nivel de las gónadas. Son tumores de causa desconocida y representan el 95% de tumores testiculares.7 Estos también son conocidos como carcinoma embrionario infantil o del saco vitelino, se presentan con mayor frecuencia en lactantes y niños hasta los 3 años y con mucho menor frecuencia hasta los 5 años, tienen una incidencia de 6 por cada 100,000, en varones y con predominio en raza blanca (relación 5:1).8 Para su diagnóstico se debe de tomar en cuenta los aspectos: clínico, que se realiza con el hallazgo de una masa testicular o intraescrotal sólida, principalmente sin presencia de dolor y de consistencia firme, bien definida y móvil a la palpación; sérico con la realización y determinación de pruebas de alfa feto proteína, hormona gonadotropina coriónica y lactato deshidrogenasa, de suma importancia para nuestra valoración pronóstica y respuesta al tratamiento establecido; radiológico, el estudio principal de mucha utilidad es el ultrasonido que nos permite valorar dimensiones del testículo y de la tumoración, así como características del testículo contralateral; los estudios tomográficos de pelvis y tórax son de apoyo para clasificar su estadiaje y valorar tratamiento; por último, histológico, la confirmación del tumor se da por resultado de patología. La literatura reporta rango de sobrevivencia que se relaciona con la edad, sin embargo, hay rangos de sobrevivencia del 96% posteriores a la quimioterapia. Este tipo de neoplasias de células germinales son de tipo muy agresivo y capaces de producir metástasis extensas; sin embargo, por los avances científicos y la evolución en los tratamientos médicos, el pronóstico ha mejorado debido a su manejo multidisciplinario.
Green Light Láser XPS Tratamiento de HPB para Pacientes Tratados en un solo Centro por un solo Cirujano del 2015 al 2017: Descripción de técnica Quirúrgica y Experiencia Inical.
Authors: González Salas Mario 
Published: April 2022

Propósito: Valorar la eficacia postoperatoria del tratamiento en pacientes con antecedente de HPB con el sistema Green Light Láser XPS (GL XPS)a 180 watts y describir nuestra técnica operatoria del GL XPS.
Justificación: La hiperplasia prostática benigna (HPB) es la causa más común de sintomatología del tracto urinario inferior (STUI) en hombres con edades posteriores a los 40 años. Siendo la cirugía un arma fundamental para el tratamiento definitivo de este padecimiento (1,3).
Metodología: Revisión retrospectiva de los expedientes de pacientes intervenidos con diagnóstico de HPB mediante foto vaporización de próstata (PVP) Green Light Láser XPS (GL XPS) por el Dr. Mario González en el Hospital La California. La revisión comprendió todos los expedientes de pacientes desde enero del año 2015 hasta diciembre de 2017.
Resultados: De los 250 casos realizados hasta el momento, en total se incluyeron 146 en el estudio, cuya media de edad fue de 66.3 años (rango de 44-86). Se demostró una diminución significativa en cuanto a al international prostate symptom score (IPSS) pre operatorio y post operatorio en todos los pacientes (tabla 1). La media post operatorio fue de 17.6 IPSS y post operatorio 3.3 puntos respectivamente. El promedio de disminución del tamaño de la glándula post operatorio fue de 34.2 gramos. Los resultados de las complicaciones y reintervenciones están en periodo de recopilación de información.
Conclusiones: La PVP con GL XPS con vaporización a 180 watts resultó ser un método seguro y reproducible con una curva de aprendizaje corta. Presenta una tasa de complicaciones y re intervenciones no superior al ser comparada a RTUP bipolar (2).