bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From Hybrid Spaces to In‐between Spaces: A Journey with Contemporary Art and Situated Knowledge
Authors: Jové Glòria , Gutiérrez‐Ujaque Daniel , Bonastra Quim , Simón‐Martín Meritxell 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTheoretical knowledge taught in the classroom forms the bulk of lectures in Initial Teacher Training today. Persuaded that knowledge constructed in the community ought to permeate Teacher Training, Zeichner has developed the notion of Hybrid Space – a space for reflection, training and educational improvement where the background of academic/professional knowledge merges to create new learning opportunities, and where the voices of all participants emerge inclusively. Drawing on but also nuancing Zeichner’s Hybrid Space, this paper examines how (1) incorporating working with (in, about, through) contemporary art into our teaching, and (2) putting this pedagogical approach into play by means of situated learning contexts that work with and in the community offers the opportunity to create an innovative teaching approach. This innovation takes the form of transdisciplinary and nomadic learning inputs that operate within an in‐between space and result in unique and unrepeatable learning experiences for all the participants involved.
A comparison of clinical outcomes and cost of radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation with monitored anesthesia care versus general anesthesia
Authors: Yokokawa Miki , Chugh Aman , Dubovoy Anna , Engoren Milo , Jongnarangsin Krit , Latchamsetty Rakesh , Ghanbari Hamid , Saeed Mohammed , Cunnane Ryan , Crawford Thomas , Ghannam Michael , Liang Jackson , Keast Robert , Karpenko David , Bogun Frank , Pelosi Frank , Dubovoy Timur , Caldwell Mathew , Morady Fred , Oral Hakan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionMonitored anesthesia care (MAC) or general anesthesia (GA) can be used during catheter ablation (CA) of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, each approach may have advantages and disadvantages with variability in operator preferences. The optimal approach has not been well established. The purpose of this study was to compare procedural efficacy, safety, clinical outcomes, and cost of CA for AF performed with MAC versus GA.MethodsThe study population consisted of 810 consecutive patients (mean age: 63 ± 10 years, paroxysmal AF: 48%) who underwent a first CA for AF. All patients completed a preprocedural evaluation by the anesthesiologists. Among the 810 patients, MAC was used in 534 (66%) and GA in 276 (34%). Ten patients (1.5%) had to convert to GA during the CA.ResultsAlthough the total anesthesia care was longer with GA particularly in patients with persistent AF, CA was shorter by 5 min with GA than MAC (p < 0.01). Prevalence of perioperative complications was similar between the two groups (4% vs. 4%, p = 0.89). There was no atrioesophageal fistula with either approach. GA was associated with a small, ~7% increase in total charges due to longer anesthesia care. During 43 ± 17 months of follow‐up after a single ablation procedure, 271/534 patients (51%) in the MAC and 129/276 (47%) patients in the GA groups were in sinus rhythm without concomitant antiarrhythmic drug therapy (p = 0.28).ConclusionWith the participation of an anesthesiologist, and proper preoperative assessment, CA of AF using GA or MAC has similar efficacy and safety.
Progressive loss of corneal nerve fibers is associated with physical inactivity and glucose lowering medication associated with weight gain in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Ponirakis Georgios , Al‐Janahi Ibrahim , Elgassim Einas , Gad Hoda , Petropoulos Ioannis N , Khan Adnan , Ali Hamda , Siddique Mashhood A , Gul Wajiha , Ferdousi Maryam , Kalteniece Alise , Mohamed Fatima FS , Ahmed Lina HM , Dakroury Youssra , El Shewehy Abeer MM , Al‐Mohamedi Abdulrahman , AlMarri Fatema , Homssi Moayad , Qazi Murtaza , Hadid Nebras H , Al‐Khayat Fatima , Mahfoud Ziyad R , Azmi Shazli , Alam Uazman , Zirie Mahmoud A , Al‐Ansari Yousuf , Jayyousi Amin , Rigby Alan S , Kilpatrick Eric S , Atkin Stephen L , Malik Rayaz A 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAims/IntroductionLimited studies have identified risk factors linked to the progression of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in type 2 diabetes. This study examined the association of risk factors with change in neuropathy measures over 2 years.Materials and MethodsParticipants with type 2 diabetes (n = 78) and controls (n = 26) underwent assessment of clinical and metabolic parameters and neuropathy using corneal confocal microscopy (CCM), vibration perception threshold (VPT), and the DN4 questionnaire at baseline and 2 year follow‐up.ResultsParticipants with type 2 diabetes had a lower corneal nerve fiber density (CNFD), branch density (CNBD), and fiber length (CNFL) (P ≤ 0.0001) and a higher VPT (P ≤ 0.01) compared with controls. Over 2 years, despite a modest reduction in HbA1c (P ≤ 0.001), body weight (P ≤ 0.05), and LDL (P ≤ 0.05) the prevalence of DPN (P = 0.28) and painful DPN (P = 0.21) did not change, but there was a significant further reduction in CNBD (P ≤ 0.0001) and CNFL (P ≤ 0.05). CNFD, CNBD, and CNFL decreased significantly in physically inactive subjects (P < 0.05–0.0001), whilst there was no change in CNFD (P = 0.07) or CNFL (P = 0.85) in physically active subjects. Furthermore, there was no change in CNFD (P = 0.82), CNBD (P = 0.08), or CNFL (P = 0.66) in patients treated with glucose lowering medication associated with weight loss, whilst CNBD (P = 0.001) decreased in patients on glucose lowering medication associated with weight gain.ConclusionsIn participants with type 2 diabetes, despite a modest improvement in HbA1c, body weight, and LDL there was a progressive loss of corneal nerve fibers; except in those who were physically active or on glucose lowering medication associated with weight loss.
Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma procalcitonin for the diagnosis of neonatal bacterial meningitis
Authors: Dutta Sourabh , Sachdeva Naresh , Pal Arnab , Ray Pallab 
Published: June 2022

AimThere is a paucity of data on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) procalcitonin (PCT) to diagnose neonatal meningitis. We evaluated CSF PCT to diagnose bacterial meningitis among neonates with suspected sepsis.MethodsNeonates undergoing lumbar puncture (LP) as part of sepsis workup were included.Index Tests: CSF PCT, plasma PCT, CSF:plasma PCT ratio and CSF cytochemistry.Reference Standards: ‘Definite meningitis’ defined by positive CSF culture and/or gram stain and/or broad‐based primer 16S rDNA polymerase chain reaction. ‘Definite or probable’ meningitis is defined as definite meningitis or abnormal cytochemistry.ResultsOf 216 eligible neonates, 18 had ‘definite meningitis’ and 37 ‘definite or probable meningitis’. Median (Q1, Q3) CSF PCT level was significantly higher in ‘definite meningitis’ compared to ‘no definite meningitis’ (0.429 (0.123, 1.300) vs. 0.181 (0.119, 0.286) ng/mL respectively, P = 0.028). Likewise, it was significantly higher in ‘definite or probable meningitis’ compared to no meningitis (0.245 (0.136, 0.675) vs. 0.170 (0.116, 0.28), P = 0.01). The area under the receiver operator characteristics curve of CSF PCT level for definite meningitis was 0.656 and for ‘definite or probable meningitis’ 0.635. Paired comparisons of area under the receiver operator characteristics curve of CSF PCT with the other index tests showed no significant differences. Based on a priori cut‐off of 0.2 ng/mL, CSF PCT level had a sensitivity (95% confidence interval) of 67% (50, 80), specificity 58% (54, 61), LR+ 1.6 (1.1, 2.0) and LR− 0.6 (0.3, 0.9).ConclusionsHigher values of CSF PCT are associated with neonatal bacterial meningitis. However, the diagnostic performance of CSF PCT is modest and not significantly different from standard tests.
Obsidian and mafic volcanic glasses from the Philippines and Vietnam found in the Paris Museum Australasian tektite collection
Authors: Rochette P. , Bezaeva N. S. , Beck P. , Debaille V. , Folco L. , Gattacceca J. , Gounelle M. , Masotta M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDuring the systematic magnetic susceptibility survey of the Paris Museum Australasian tektite collection, we identified three previously overlooked occurrences of volcanic glass that resembles tektites, based on anomalous magnetic properties, high water content, the presence of microcrystals, and anomalous chemical composition. These occurrences are from the Phu Yen province in south‐central Vietnam (two rhyolitic glass fragments) and from the Philippines: one from northern Luzon Island (a basaltic rounded etched glass), one from Santa Mesa near Manilla (a dozen small rounded rhyolitic gravels). The two occurrences in the Philippines are quite similar to previously described volcanic glasses from the nearby Pagudpod and Nagcarlan localities, respectively. The rhyolitic glass specimens from the Phu Yen province are the first documentation of a geological occurrence of obsidian in Vietnam. This work is a warning note that glass samples with anomalous properties found among tektite collections may correspond to volcanic pseudotektites instead of real tektites with anomalous composition. The basaltic glass sample from the Philippines locally shows microcrystalline quench textures previously unknown in natural samples. These findings may also be of interest for archeologists involved in glass artifacts sourcing.
Did U.S. Governments Violate Individual Human Rights? A Thomistic Response to COVID-19 Government Mandates
Authors: Moats Nathaniel A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn response to the COVID-19 pandemic, some Americans have claimed that U.S. governments have superseded their jurisdiction and violated individuals’ human rights in the use of government mandates. Many citizens and politicians have also claimed that governments are utilizing the pandemic as a smoke screen to take individual rights away from citizens to gain further power. In light of such claims, I provide a Thomistic response to argue that state and local political authorities’ use of public health mandates were other-regarding in seeking to protect the common good in an unprecedented health crisis. Further, I argue that the characterization of individual rights atomized from community has led to an improper understanding of political authorities, individual rights, and our duties to our communities. Rejecting the reductive, skeptical, individualistic, and atomistic views that many Americans have engendered, I provide a Thomistic political orientation that more adequately helps us think about political authorities’ and citizens’ responsibilities within our political communities.
Thiamine metabolism genes in diatoms are not regulated by thiamine despite the presence of predicted riboswitches
Authors: Llavero‐Pasquina Marcel , Geisler Katrin , Holzer Andre , Mehrshahi Payam , Mendoza‐Ochoa Gonzalo I. , Newsad Shelby A. , Davey Matthew P. , Smith Alison G. 
Published: June 2022

Summary

Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), an essential co‐factor for all species, is biosynthesised through a metabolically expensive pathway regulated by TPP riboswitches in bacteria, fungi, plants and green algae. Diatoms are microalgae responsible for c. 20% of global primary production. They have been predicted to contain TPP aptamers in the 3′UTR of some thiamine metabolism‐related genes, but little information is known about their function and regulation.

We used bioinformatics, antimetabolite growth assays, RT‐qPCR, targeted mutagenesis and reporter constructs to test whether the predicted TPP riboswitches respond to thiamine supplementation in diatoms. Gene editing was used to investigate the functions of the genes with associated TPP riboswitches in Phaeodactylum tricornutum.

We found that thiamine‐related genes with putative TPP aptamers are not responsive to supplementation with thiamine or its precursor 4‐amino‐5‐hydroxymethyl‐2‐methylpyrimidine (HMP), and targeted mutation of the TPP aptamer in the THIC gene encoding HMP‐P synthase does not deregulate thiamine biosynthesis in P. tricornutum. Through genome editing we established that PtTHIC is essential for thiamine biosynthesis and another gene, PtSSSP, is necessary for thiamine uptake.

Our results highlight the importance of experimentally testing bioinformatic aptamer predictions and provide new insights into the thiamine metabolism shaping the structure of marine microbial communities with global biogeochemical importance.
RE‐SURVEY OF THE ANCHORAGE AT MARONITSAROUKKAS, CYPRUS: DEFINING AND VIEWING A LATE BRONZE AGE COASTSCAPE
Authors: Atkins Carrie E. , Manning Sturt W. 
Published: June 2022

SummaryDirectly offshore from the Late Cypriot (LC) site of MaroniTsaroukkason the south‐central coast of Cyprus lie the remains of an anchorage with stone anchors, LC ceramics, and stone blocks. Initially surveyed in 1995–96, the anchorage was re‐surveyed from 2017–19 to investigate and document fully the underwater site and to develop accurate underwater survey recording methodologies for defining this coastscape interaction zone. The site was surveyed by measuring finds into an established grid and using a computer‐controlled camera system for photogrammetry. The results expand the known extent of the anchorage, include newly documented archaeological remains, and challenge us to re‐conceptualize the area. In addition to anchors and pottery representative of maritime use, the presence of unfinished anchors and LC IA ceramic assemblages in the western part of the site indicates a LC coastal region likely once terrestrial that is now submerged, forming part of a newly identified coastscape locale.
Effects of task load, spatial attention, and trait anxiety on neuronal responses to fearful and neutral faces
Authors: Schindler Sebastian , Richter Theresa Sofie , Bruchmann Maximilian , Busch Niko A. , Straube Thomas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThere is an ongoing debate on how different components of the event‐related potential (ERP) to threat‐related facial expressions are modulated by attentional conditions and interindividual differences in trait anxiety. In the current study (N = 80), we examined ERPs to centrally presented, task‐irrelevant fearful and neutral faces, while participants had to solve a face‐unrelated visual task, which differed in difficulty and spatial position. Critically, we used a fixation‐controlled experimental design and ensured the spatial attention manipulation by spectral analysis of the EEG. Besides the factors emotion, spatial attention, and perceptual load, we also investigated correlations between trait anxiety and ERPs. While P1 emotion effects were insignificant, the N170 was increased to fearful faces regardless of load and spatial attention conditions. During the EPN time window, a significantly increased negativity for fearful faces was observed only during low load and spatial attention to the face. We found no significant relationship between ERPs and trait anxiety, questioning the hypothesis of a general hypersensitivity toward fearful expressions in anxious individuals. These results show a high resistance of the N170 amplitude increase for fearful faces to spatial attention and task load manipulations. By contrast, the EPN modulation by fearful faces index a resource‐dependent stage of the ERP, requiring both spatial attention at the location of faces and low load of the face‐irrelevant task.
Measuring representative volume elements from high‐resolution grain‐scale strain fields
Authors: B. Vieira Renato , Lambros John 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMost crystalline materials present a highly heterogeneous response at the microscale, which can be affected by both internal factors (such as microstructural parameters) and external factors (such as loading). Relating microscale inhomogeneities to the macroscale response of a material requires the use of homogenisation techniques, usually based on the concept of a representative volume element (RVE)—the smallest volume of material that represents the global average response. In this work, we present a new and robust experimental method of measuring the size of a strain‐based RVE from high‐resolution grain‐scale strain fields obtained using digital image correlation (DIC). The proposed method is based on the statistical (stereological) nature of the RVE, which has been widely adopted in numerical studies, and involves dividing a strain field into randomly selected regions of varying sizes and statistically analysing the distributions of average strains within them. To validate the new method, we generate a large number of synthetic strain fields from a fractional Gaussian noise algorithm. The proposed stereological method is shown to be capable of producing reliable RVE measurements from a very large range of possible microscale strain fields while at the same time being robust in that it can produce RVE measurement results even in cases where other existing methods may be unable to do so. The proposed method has a low field‐of‐view requirement, only needing a field‐of‐view about 1.2 times as large as the RVE to produce reliable measurements. In addition, the stereological method offers significant flexibility since its statistical nature allows for control over how strict the RVE measurement should be in each case.
Sorghum Association Panel whole‐genome sequencing establishes cornerstone resource for dissecting genomic diversity
Authors: Boatwright J. Lucas , Sapkota Sirjan , Jin Hongyu , Schnable James C. , Brenton Zachary , Boyles Richard , Kresovich Stephen 
Published: June 2022

SUMMARYAssociation mapping panels represent foundational resources for understanding the genetic basis of phenotypic diversity and serve to advance plant breeding by exploring genetic variation across diverse accessions. We report the whole‐genome sequencing (WGS) of 400 sorghum (Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench) accessions from the Sorghum Association Panel (SAP) at an average coverage of 38× (25–72×), enabling the development of a high‐density genomic marker set of 43 983 694 variants including single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (approximately 38 million), insertions/deletions (indels) (approximately 5 million), and copy number variants (CNVs) (approximately 170 000). We observe slightly more deletions among indels and a much higher prevalence of deletions among CNVs compared to insertions. This new marker set enabled the identification of several novel putative genomic associations for plant height and tannin content, which were not identified when using previous lower‐density marker sets. WGS identified and scored variants in 5‐kb bins where available genotyping‐by‐sequencing (GBS) data captured no variants, with half of all bins in the genome falling into this category. The predictive ability of genomic best unbiased linear predictor (GBLUP) models was increased by an average of 30% by using WGS markers rather than GBS markers. We identified 18 selection peaks across subpopulations that formed due to evolutionary divergence during domestication, and we found six Fstpeaks resulting from comparisons between converted lines and breeding lines within the SAP that were distinct from the peaks associated with historic selection. This population has served and continues to serve as a significant public resource for sorghum research and demonstrates the value of improving upon existing genomic resources.
Energy Assessment and Economic Study of Solar Floor Heating System in Different Climates in Morocco
Authors: Oubenmoh S. , Allouhi A. , Sebbar E. H. , Saadani R. , Jamil A. , Ait Mssad A. , Rahmoune M. , Bentaleb M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Currently, the development of energy production projects in the building sector using alternative energy sources such as solar energy is growing rapidly. This increasing technological progress to achieve the needs of comfort and safety can be considered a major priority, particularly with concerns about energy shortages and current environmental issues threatening not only human well-being but ecosystems as well. The present research aims to provide a comprehensive model for enhancing the energetic performance of rural Moroccan houses, by exploring solar radiant heating systems. The evaluation of the solar floor heating system is carried out by trnsys to evidence the effect of various design parameters on performance indexes of the system concerning six Moroccan cities, which representatively correspond to the Moroccan climatic zoning. The examined analyses cover the effect of the collector area, storage tank volume, and mass flowrate in the solar loop and the building heating loop. Moreover, how the variation of thickness and piping material affect the performances was discussed as well. The major finding of this work is optimizing the system performance gives the possibility to meet adequately the heating load. The energetic analysis shows the system's adaptability to the Moroccan climate, whose solar fraction is around 65% and 87%. For most of the examined sites, it was observed that the demand for auxiliary energy is limited from October to May. The economic investigations revealed that payback periods of the examined system ranged between 7 and 13 years. Besides, the energy and economic outcomes of such systems in Morocco, they are capable to mitigate the huge amount of CO2 emissions as compared to conventional heating systems.
Generative Inverse Design of Aerodynamic Shapes Using Conditional Invertible Neural Networks
Authors: Warey Alok , Raul Vishal , Kaushik Shailendra , Han Taeyoung , Chakravarty Rajan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Conditional invertible neural networks (cINNs) were used for generative inverse design of aerodynamic shapes for a given aerodynamic performance target. The methodology was used to generate two-dimensional (2D) airfoil shapes for a target lift coefficient and three-dimensional (3D) vehicle shapes for a low drag vehicle given an aerodynamic drag coefficient target. Training data for both cases were generated for the forward process i.e., aerodynamic performance as a function of design variables that define the airfoil or vehicle shape, using design of experiments (DOE) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Due to the structure of the cINNs, the inverse process was learned implicitly, i.e., samples from latent space were transformed back to the design variables. The designs generated by the trained cINN model were simulated under identical conditions to check if they met the desired aerodynamic performance target. The distribution of design variables conditioned on a performance target learned by the cINN model was compared to the distribution in the training data. cINNs provide an easy-to-use tool to generate new designs that meet the desired aerodynamic performance, thereby, reducing the iteration time between aerodynamicists and stylists. In case of vehicle shape generation, since all generated vehicle shapes meet the aerodynamic performance target, the designer can select the shapes that do not conflict with other design constraints such as the interior volume, comfort, styling, and various safety requirements.