bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliable change in parent-rated scores on the Brown Attention-Deficit Disorder Scales® from pre- to post-participation in the Brain Balance® program
Authors: Jackson Rebecca , Jordan Joshua T. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe development of attention can be influenced through various nonpharmacologic approaches such as training and practice. More research is needed on these approaches in children and adolescents with attentional difficulties. To this end, we investigated the effect of 3 months of participation in the Brain Balance® (BB) program (a multimodal childhood training program) on attentional issues in children and adolescents, using the Brown Attention-Deficit Disorder Scales® (BADDS) administered as a parental questionnaire before and after program participation. At baseline, participants (N = 71; aged 4–18 years; 69% male) had BADDS scores that were approximately 1.5 standard deviations above the normative BADDS sample. A Wilcoxon test indicated that scores differed significantly from pre- to post-program, with an average decline of 7 T-score points. The probability of a BB participant improving from pre- to post-program was 81%. The Reliable Change Index (RCI) indicated that 36 participants (49.3%) observed a large enough change to meet the criteria for reliable change, 34 participants (46.6%) did not meet the criteria for reliable change, and three participants (4.1%) observed reliable deterioration. Finally, logistic regression showed that baseline BADDS scores significantly predicted reliable change, such that a one-unit increase in baseline BADDS T-score was associated with a 15% odds increase in reliable change. This suggests that children with more severe ADHD symptoms at baseline are more likely to observe a decrease in symptoms over the course of the BB program than are children with less severe symptoms. Age (but not gender) was also a significant predictor, such that younger participants were more likely to observe reliable change. These data provide evidence of statistically significant reliable change in attentional functioning in BB participants from pre- to post-program, especially for participants who are younger in age or have more pronounced attentional issues at baseline.
A knock-on deuteron imager for measurements of fuel and hotspot asymmetry in direct-drive inertial confinement fusion implosions (invited)
Authors: Rinderknecht H. G. , Heuer P. V. , Kunimune J. , Adrian P. J. , Knauer J. P. , Theobald W. , Fairbanks R. , Brannon B. , Ceurvorst L. , Gopalaswamy V. , Williams C. A. , Radha P. B. , Regan S. P. , Johnson M. Gatu , Séguin F. H. , Frenje J. A. 
Published: September 2022

A knock-on deuteron imager (KoDI) has been implemented to measure the fuel and hotspot asymmetry of cryogenic inertial confinement fusion implosions on OMEGA. Energetic neutrons produced by D–T fusion elastically scatter (“knock on”) deuterons from the fuel layer with a probability that depends on ρR. Deuterons above 10 MeV are produced by near-forward scattering, and imaging them is equivalent to time-integrated neutron imaging of the hotspot. Deuterons below 6 MeV are produced by a combination of side scattering and ranging in the fuel, and encode information about the spatial distribution of the dense fuel. The KoDI instrument consists of a multi-penumbral aperture positioned 10–20 cm from the implosion using a ten-inch manipulator and a detector pack at 350 cm from the implosion to record penumbral images with magnification of up to 35×. Range filters and the intrinsic properties of CR-39 are used to distinguish different charged-particle images by energy along the same line of sight. Image plates fielded behind the CR-39 record a 10 keV x-ray image using the same aperture. A maximum-likelihood reconstruction algorithm has been implemented to infer the source from the projected penumbral images. The effects of scattering and aperture charging on the instrument point-spread function are assessed. Synthetic data are used to validate the reconstruction algorithm and assess an appropriate termination criterion. Significant aperture charging has been observed in the initial experimental dataset, and increases with aperture distance from the implosion, consistent with a simple model of charging by laser-driven EMP.
Development of a soft x-ray (SXR) array diagnostic system on versatile experiment spherical torus (VEST)
Authors: Jang Jae Young , Lim Soobin , Kim Seongcheol , Lee M. W. , Kim Young-Gi , Sung C. , Hwang Y. S. 
Published: September 2022

A new soft x-ray (SXR) array diagnostic system has been developed on versatile experiment spherical torus (VEST) for measurements of 2D SXR emissivity profile and identification of poloidal mode structure. Through tomographic inversion techniques, 2D SXR emissivity profile can be acquired from the line-integrated SXR data, which enables the visualization of mode structure of plasma instability, such as the magnetohydrodynamics mode. The SXR array diagnostic system consists of two 20-channel arrays positioned at the middle and the top on the same poloidal plane for horizontal and vertical lines of sight, respectively. Each array of the diagnostic system uses absolute extreme ultraviolet photodiode array as the detector. To apply appropriate filters (up to four) for different energy regimes without breaking the vacuum, a filter wheel and its rotatable vacuum feed-through are installed behind the pinhole. SXR data are acquired with a digitizer at the sampling rate of up to 125 MHz. Finally, we discuss initial measurement data obtained from Ohmic plasma in VEST.
Importance of imposing gauge invariance in time-dependent density functional theory calculations with meta-generalized gradient approximations
Authors: Grotjahn Robin , Furche Filipp , Kaupp Martin 
Published: September 2022

It has been known for more than a decade that the gauge variance of the kinetic energy density τ leads to additional terms in the magnetic orbital rotation Hessian used in linear-response time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT), affecting excitation energies obtained with τ-dependent exchange–correlation functionals. While previous investigations found that a correction scheme based on the paramagnetic current density has a small effect on benchmark results, we report more pronounced effects here, in particular, for the popular M06-2X functional and for some other meta-generalized gradient approximations (mGGAs). In the first part of this communication, this is shown by a reassessment of a set of five Ni(II) complexes for which a previous benchmark study that did not impose gauge invariance has found surprisingly large errors for excitation energies obtained with M06-2X. These errors are more than halved by restoring gauge invariance. The variable importance of imposing gauge invariance for different mGGA-based functionals can be rationalized by the derivative of the mGGA exchange energy integrand with respect to τ. In the second part, a large set of valence excitations in small main-group molecules is analyzed. For M06-2X, several selected n → π* and π→π⊥* excitations are heavily gauge-dependent with average changes of −0.17 and −0.28 eV, respectively, while π→π‖* excitations are marginally affected (−0.04 eV). Similar patterns, but of the opposite signs, are found for SCAN0. The results suggest that reevaluation of previous gauge variant TDDFT results based on M06-2X and other mGGA functionals is warranted.
Phylogeny, classification and biogeography of
Authors: Batty Erin L. , Holmes Gareth D. , Murphy Daniel J. , Forster Paul I. , Neal Will C. , Bayly Michael J. 
Published: September 2022

Philotheca sect. Erionema includes 14 species from eastern Australia and one from south-western Australia. We conducted a phylogenetic analysis of the section, including samples of all species, using sequences of the ITS and ETS regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Results were broadly congruent with a previous analysis based on morphological and flavonoid data. The analysis is consistent with the monophyly of the section and supports the monophyly of six species represented by multiple samples. Philotheca verrucosa (A. Rich.) Paul G. Wilson was resolved as paraphyletic with respect to P. freyciana Rozefelds but with poor support. Philotheca glasshousiensis, P. myoporoides and P. myoporoides subsp. myoporoides were clearly polyphyletic, including separate geographic clades and the classification of each of these taxa requires revision. In particular, disjunct northern populations of P. glasshousiensis probably represent a distinct species, the five subspecies of P. myoporoides could be treated as separate species and at least two other distinct groups that are currently included under the circumscription of subsp. myoporoides could be treated as species. The phylogeny revealed deeply divergent, geographically overlapping clades in eastern Australia and substantial distances (up to 900 km) between sister taxa. We infer that biogeography of the group has been shaped largely by vicariant differentiation of taxa.
Mockery and poetic satire
Authors: Chaves Thomas David F. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In a multilingual state, there is virtually no “linguistic” need to self-translate since both writers and their readers are bi- or trilingual. However, poetic self-translation has had a long and established history in the Philippines, brought about initially during the Spanish conquest in the 16th century, whose early writers were called “ladinos” (bilingual), following mainland Spanish tradition. Originally devotional in nature, self-translated poetry gradually acquired new and more secular configurations across time, especially during the American period (1898–1942) and the Philippines’ subsequent independence after WW II. While various language pairs have been utilized, today’s self-translated poetry revolves around English and a local regional language, notably Tagalog (Filipino) and Cebuano, in either direction. The main motivation for self-translation is sociological, that is, to establish one’s professional capital (in the Bourdieu sense), since many of these poets are well-established and have loyal readership, and to mark them off from those poets who write in one preferred language, and who form the majority.
One characteristic of this self-translated poetry is the cultivation of political satire, humorous and trenchant at the same time, especially protesting the abuses of two repressive regimes and commenting on persistent social ills such as economic injustice and gender inequality. Humor is ordinarily difficult to pull off in translation, especially when addressing “two” cultures simultaneously – yet Filipino self-translators seem to suffer no such challenges. This is made all the more laudable because many of these poets employ Venuti’s “domesticating” or Nida’s “faithful” strategies, and that because wordplay is the basis of much of this humor, something next-to-impossible for translation purposes. This paper therefore explores the specific modes or solutions applied in the unenviable task by four poets. These are Federico Licsi Espino, Jr. (Spanish-English), Jose Lacaba, Jr. (Tagalog-English), Eric Gamalinda (Tagalog-English) and Marjorie Evasco (Cebuano-English), all poets who write mainly in English as their base (a result of the continuing prestige of this colonial legacy), but who have successfully written political satire bilingually in a nation torn between elite-oriented democracy and repressive authoritarianism throughout much of its 75-year independent history.
Acoustic wave amplification with thin film silicon bonded on lithium niobate
Authors: Ghosh Siddhartha 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Signal processing with the use of acoustic waves is an important technology for various functions in radio frequency (RF) systems, including matched filtering in congested parts of the frequency spectrum. In order to generate long time delays on chip required for these applications, the acoustoelectric effect offers the ability to counter acoustic propagation losses while also generating inherent non-reciprocity. In this work, we demonstrate an approach to directly bond thin film silicon from 200 mm commercial silicon on insulator wafers on X-cut lithium niobate substrates with the use of plasma surface activation. The resulting delay line devices at 410 MHz demonstrate amplification of Rayleigh waves, with a peak non-reciprocal contrast between forward and reverse traveling waves of over 25 dB mm−1 under continuous direct current bias conditions. The demonstrated process can extend the functionality of traditionally passive piezoelectric RF microsystems.
Quantitative evaluation and removal of periodic error caused by ghost reflections in a double-path homodyne interferometer
Authors: Hori Yasuaki 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper discusses periodic error caused by ghost reflections in a double-path homodyne interferometer, which is difficult to be removed by so-called Heydemann’s method due to its unique frequency. The mechanism of the periodic error is represented by a theoretical equation established focusing on the number of round trips of a measurement light path. Based on the theory, it was found that specific periodic errors are caused by the measurement light reflected on one surface of an optical element. To evaluate the presence and removal of the periodic error, the self-evaluation method, which was extended to include ghost reflections, was applied. Experimental evidence shows that a wedge provided on that surface prevents unwanted reflections and reduces the periodic error to approximately 2 pm.
Comparison of single-lead and multi-lead ECG for QT variability assessment using autoregressive modelling
Authors: El-Hamad Fatima , Baumert Mathias 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objective. Beat-to-beat fluctuations in the QT interval—QT variability (QTV)—have been shown to vary amongst the different ECG leads. This study aims to compare the utility of single and multi-lead ECG to disentangle the mechanisms contributing to QTV. Approach. Twelve-lead ECG was analysed in 57 coronary artery disease patients before and after an elective percutaneous transluminal coronary angiography (PTCA) procedure. QT, RR and respiration time series were extracted. QTV was decomposed into contributions by heart rate, respiration and QTV independent of heart rate and respiration using parametric autoregressive modelling. Signal-to-noise ratio, model goodness-of-fit, mean QT, corrected QT, QT variability and RR variability were also computed. Results from two single leads (Lead II and V5) and three one-dimensional representations of 12-lead ECG (principal component analysis (PCA), vector magnitude (VM), and root mean square of the 8 independent leads of the standard 12 leads (RMS8)) were compared during resting conditions, before and after PTCA, and between patients with myocardial infarction and those without. Main results. At baseline, mean QT and corrected QT were significantly lower in VM and RMS8 compared to single leads. While overall QT variability was not different between the leads, QT independent of heart rate and respiration was significantly lower in VM and RMS8. Following PTCA, changes in these variables were similar in all leads. Differences between patients with MI and those without MI were consistent in all leads. Significance. Despite the differences in some QTV components amongst various leads, single-lead ECG could be sufficient for analyzing QTV in populations with pathological cardiovascular conditions compared to those without, or for quantification of intervention effects.
A junctionless dual-gate MOSFET-based programmable inverter for secured hardware applications using nitride charge trapping
Authors: Karmakar Ananya , Mukherjee Adrija , Dhar Swastik , Sen Dipanjan , Chanda Manash 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this paper we investigate a junction-less dual-gate metal–oxide–semiconductor field effect transistor (JL-DG-MOSFET)-based programmable inverter with an oxide–nitride–oxide (SiO2/Si3N4/SiO2) gate stack, which offers short-/long-term memory as well as logic functionalities depending on charge trapping in the nitride layer. It has been shown that the pulsing interval plays a pivotal role in deciding the short-term plasticity/long-term plasticity window based on the charges trapped/detrapped at/near the oxide–nitride interface. Moreover, we have demonstrated a JL-DG-MOSFET-based complementary metal–oxide–semiconducor inverter with a programmable switching threshold and propose a scheme for secure key generation for authentication. The intra-Hamming distance among the 21 keys generated by the programmable inverter is also depicted to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed framework. This will eliminate the physical separation between the logic and memory and can offer attractive solutions for silicon-based low-power neuromorphic computing and hardware security.
Analytic investigation of the compatibility condition and the initial evolution of a smooth velocity field for the Navier–Stokes equation in a channel configuration
Authors: Nagy Péter Tamás , Kiss Márton , Paál György 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A partial differential equation has usually a regular solution at the initial time if the initial condition is smooth in space, fulfills the governing equations and is compatible with the boundary condition. In the case of the Navier–Stokes equation, the initial velocity field must also be divergence–free. It is common belief that the initial condition is compatible with the boundary condition if the initial condition fulfills the boundary condition but this is not sufficient. Such a field does not necessarily fulfill the full compatibility condition of the Navier–Stokes equation. If the condition is violated, the solution is not regular at the initial time (

t
=

0
+

). This issue has been known for a while but not in the full breadth of the engineering fluid dynamics community. In this paper, a practical calculation method is presented for checking the compatibility condition. Furthermore, a smooth initial condition is presented in a periodic channel flow that violates the compatibility condition and has therefore no smooth solution at the initial instant. The calculations were performed in an analytical framework. The results for a channel configuration show that in the absence of wall–normal velocity the condition is always fulfilled and the problem has a regular solution. If the wall–normal velocity component is non-zero, the condition is usually not fulfilled but exceptional cases, fulfilling the compatibility condition can be generated with optimization methods. The generation procedure of such a field is useful to provide correct initial conditions for such time-dependent numerical flow simulations, where the very first instances are important from an engineering point of view. The presented methods can provide insight about the applicability of the chosen initial conditions.
Shift-curvature, SGD, and generalization
Authors: Bradley Arwen V , Gomez-Uribe Carlos A , Vuyyuru Manish Reddy 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A longstanding debate surrounds the related hypotheses that low-curvature minima generalize better, and that stochastic gradient descent (SGD) discourages curvature. We offer a more complete and nuanced view in support of both hypotheses. First, we show that curvature harms test performance through two new mechanisms, the shift-curvature and bias-curvature, in addition to a known parameter-covariance mechanism. The shift refers to the difference between train and test local minima, and the bias and covariance are those of the parameter distribution. These three curvature-mediated contributions to test performance are reparametrization-invariant even though curvature itself is not. Although the shift is unknown at training time, the shift-curvature as well as the other mechanisms can still be mitigated by minimizing overall curvature. Second, we derive a new, explicit SGD steady-state distribution showing that SGD optimizes an effective potential related to but different from train loss, and that SGD noise mediates a trade-off between low-loss versus low-curvature regions of this effective potential. Third, combining our test performance analysis with the SGD steady state shows that for small SGD noise, the shift-curvature is the dominant of the three mechanisms. Our experiments demonstrate the significant impact of shift-curvature on test loss, and further explore the relationship between SGD noise and curvature.
Orientation dependence of electronic properties of antimony selenide nanowires
Authors: Vadapoo Rajasekarakumar , Krishnan Sridevi , Yilmaz Hulusi , Marin Carlos 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We present a comprehensive DFT study of size-dependent atomic and electronic properties of antimony selenide (Sb
2
Se
3) nanowires in three main crystallographic directions. Our calculations show a significant enhancement in the band gap of wires oriented in [100] and [010] directions due to confinement effects, however the band gap of [001] oriented wires is reduced with respect to bulk. We attribute this anomaly in band gap reduction to the surface reconstructions in these nanostructures. These surface reconstructions are similar to the polyhedral distortions observed in bulk Sb
2
Se
3 under high pressure leading to the insulator-metal transition related to the topological insulating states and then at lower temperature (8K) to superconductivity.
Simulating the efficacy of vaccines on the epidemiological dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in a membrane computing model
Authors: Campos Marcelino , Sempere José M , Galán Juan C , Moya Andrés , Cantón Rafael , Llorens Carlos , Baquero Fernando 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMembrane computing is a natural computing procedure inspired in the compartmental structure of living cells. This approach allows mimicking the complex structure of biological processes, and, when applied to transmissible diseases, can simulate a virtual ‘epidemic’ based on interactions between elements within the computational model according to established conditions. General and focused vaccination strategies for controlling SARS-Cov-2 epidemics have been simulated for 2.3 years from the emergence of the epidemic in a hypothetical town of 10320 inhabitants in a country with mean European demographics where COVID-19 is imported. The age and immunological-response groups of the hosts and their lifestyles were minutely examined. The duration of natural, acquired immunity influenced the results; the shorter the duration, the more endemic the process, resulting in higher mortality, particularly among elderly individuals. During epidemic valleys between waves, the proportion of infected patients belonging to symptomatic groups (mostly elderly) increased in the total population, a population that largely benefits from standard double vaccination, particularly with boosters. There was no clear difference when comparing booster shots provided at 4 or 6 months after standard double-dose vaccination. Vaccines even of moderate efficacy (short-term protection) were effective in decreasing the number of symptomatic cases. Generalized vaccination of the entire population (all ages) added little benefit to overall mortality rates, and this situation also applied for generalized lockdowns. Elderly-only vaccination and lockdowns, even without general interventions directed to reduce population transmission, is sufficient for dramatically reducing mortality.