bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sublime reason: when Isaac Asimov met Jay Forrester
Authors: Malczynski Leonard A , Lane David C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article describes an encounter between servomechanism innovator, digital computing pioneer and creator of system dynamics, Jay Forrester, and Isaac Asimov, renowned author of science fiction (including “The Foundation Trilogy” and its fictional discipline of psychohistory) and works of popular science. Their lengthy exchange took place at a workshop in 1975 and four descriptions of it are extant. What emerges in passing is a possible link between Asimov's thinking and Forrester's work on “World Dynamics”. Most notable, however, is that the encounter saw the two exchanging ideas on how to think about the future, how to bring about a desirable future, and quite what that desirable future should look like. The two had fundamental differences on key points. The paper explores the unusual interaction, drawing out the points of disagreement and agreement in the views of the two and how they applied these to thinking about the future. © 2022 The Authors. System Dynamics Review published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of System Dynamics Society.
The Benefits of an Integrated Liaison Psychiatry and Dermatology Service for Complex Dermatology Patients—A Case Series
Authors: Roberts Victoria , Chan Jonathan , Davies Jo , Angus Janet 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Psychodermatology is a specialist area which refers to the assessment and treatment of the psychosocial aspects of dermatology. This includes the management of patients with primary psychiatric disorders, psychosocial co-morbidities of existing skin disease or psychological distress caused by their skin conditions. We report the benefits and cost savings of a recent pilot of an integrated service of a consultant dermatologist and a liaison psychiatrist providing coordinated care to complex psychodermatology patients.
UEG and EAES rapid guideline: Update systematic review, network meta‐analysis, CINeMA and GRADE assessment, and evidence‐informed European recommendations on surgical management of GERD
Authors: Markar Sheraz , Andreou Alexandros , Bonavina Luigi , Florez Ivan D. , Huo Bright , Kontouli Katerina‐Maria , Low Donald E. , Mavridis Dimitris , Maynard Nick , Moss Alan , Pera Manuel , Savarino Edoardo , Siersema Peter , Sifrim Daniel , Watson David I. , Zaninotto Giovanni , Antoniou Stavros A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere are several options for the surgical management of GERD in adults. Previous guidelines and systematic reviews have compared the effects of total fundoplication versus pooled effects of different techniques of partial fundoplication.ObjectiveTo develop evidence‐informed, trustworthy, pertinent recommendations on the use of total, posterior partial and anterior partial fundoplications for the management of GERD in adults.MethodsWe performed an update systematic review, network meta‐analysis, and evidence appraisal using the GRADE and the Confidence in Network Meta‐Analysis methodologies. An international, multidisciplinary panel of surgeons, gastroenterologists, and a patient representative reached unanimous consensus through an evidence‐to‐decision framework to select among multiple interventions, and a Delphi process to formulate the recommendation. The project was developed in an online authoring and publication platform (MAGICapp), and was overseen by an external auditor.ResultsWe suggest posterior partial fundoplication over total posterior or anterior 90° fundoplication in adult patients with GERD. We suggest anterior >90° fundoplication as an alternative, although relevant comparative evidence is limited (weak recommendation). The guideline, with recommendations, evidence summaries and decision aids in user friendly formats can also be accessed in MAGICapp: https://app.magicapp.org/#/guideline/j20X4n.ConclusionThis rapid guideline was developed in line with highest methodological standards and provides evidence‐informed recommendations on the surgical management of GERD. It provides user‐friendly decision aids to inform healthcare professionals' and patients' decision making.
An Examination of Bookshelves in the Age of the COVID-19 Pandemic as a “Liminal Space”
Authors: Towheed Shafquat 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn the space of a few weeks in 2020, the rapid spread of the COVID-19 virus into a global pandemic has changed the way we work, live, interact and communicate with one another. One highly unexpected result of the massive rise in homeworking has been an extraordinary exposure of domestic bookshelves, which in the famous words of Amanda Hess, have become the “quarantine’s hottest accessory” (New York Times, May 1, 2020). Personal bookshelves had hitherto been jealously guarded, a marker for personal taste and shared only with the select few invited into their owners’ households and allowed to scan the titles on display. This physically delimited space has now been unleashed upon the world: where once few people could look at the books on our shelves, now theoretically, almost everyone can. The pandemic bookshelf has accidently been fashioned into the most ubiquitous liminal zone anywhere: it is the ostensibly private and personal backdrop for the staging of our public, digitally mediated, professional existence. Drawing upon theoretical perspectives from anthropology, psychology and literary theory, this chapter explores the many ways in which the private-public bookshelf has become the cultural liminal space par excellence during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Asynchronous Tools for Interaction and Collaboration
Authors: Davidson-Shivers Gayle , Rand Angela 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe shift from conventional classrooms to the use of various types of distributed education is well documented in the literature. This shift occurred over the past 30 years, if not longer. Open, distance, and digital education (or ODDE) has become ubiquitous in education and training in a variety of settings such as the military, business, higher education, and K12 schools. More recently, ODDE has seen a rise in use in other settings, such as health care organizations. Although both synchronous and asynchronous technologies are available for teaching and learning, it appears that asynchronous tools are predominant in these settings. The use of asynchronous tools is the primary focus of this chapter, with consideration of both the technologies employed and the strategies applied. The purposes are to summarize their appropriate uses in terms of collaborative learning and share any insights to guide future research and practice. The chapter begins with a brief definition of terms used in this chapter along with descriptions of the types and purposes of asynchronous tools. The chapter culminates in directions for future research as well as any improvements in ODDE practice.
Theory for Invisible Thermal Sensors: Bilayer Scheme
Authors: Xu Liu-Jun , Huang Ji-Ping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, we propose a bilayer scheme with isotropic materials to design invisible thermal sensors with detecting accuracy. Therefore, the original temperature fields in the sensor and matrix can keep unchanged. By solving the linear Laplace equation with a temperature-independent thermal conductivity, we derive two groups of thermal conductivities to realize invisible thermal sensors, even considering geometrically anisotropic cases. These results can be directly extended to thermally nonlinear cases with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity, as long as the ratio between the nonlinear thermal conductivities of the sensor and matrix is a temperature-independent constant. These explorations are beneficial to temperature detection and provide insights into thermal camouflage.
Theory for Effective Advection Effect: Spatiotemporal Modulation
Authors: Xu Liu-Jun , Huang Ji-Ping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, we introduce spatiotemporal modulation to realize thermal wave nonreciprocity. The major mechanism is the effective advection effect of spatiotemporal modulation in an open thermal system. We further analyze the phase difference between two spatiotemporally modulated parameters, which offers a tunable parameter to control nonreciprocity. We further define a rectification ratio based on the reciprocal of spatial decay rates and discuss the nonreciprocity conditions accordingly. Finite-element simulations are performed to confirm theoretical predictions, and experimental suggestions are provided to ensure the feasibility of spatiotemporal modulation. These results have potential applications in realizing thermal detection and thermal stabilization simultaneously.
Theory for Negative Thermal Transport: Complex Thermal Conductivity
Authors: Xu Liu-Jun , Huang Ji-Ping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, we coin a complex thermal conductivity whose imaginary part corresponds to the real part of a complex refractive index. Therefore, the thermal counterpart of a negative refractive index is just a negative imaginary thermal conductivity, featuring the opposite directions of energy flow and wave vector in thermal conduction and advection, thus called negative thermal transport herein. We design an open system with energy exchange and explore three different cases to reveal negative thermal transport to avoid violating causality. We further provide experimental suggestions with a solid ring structure. All finite-element simulations agree with the theoretical analyses, indicating that negative thermal transport is physically feasible. These results have potential applications such as designing the inverse Doppler effect in thermal conduction and advection.
Theory for Thermal Geometric Phases: Exceptional Point Encirclement
Authors: Xu Liu-Jun , Huang Ji-Ping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, we experimentally demonstrate that the geometric phase can also emerge in a macroscopic thermal convection-conduction system. Following Li et al. [Science 364, 170–173 (2019)], we study two moving rings with equal-but-opposite velocities, joined together by a stationary intermediate layer. We first confirm an exceptional point of velocity that separates a stationary temperature profile and a moving one. We then investigate a cyclic path of time-varying velocity containing the exceptional point, and an extra phase difference of $$\pi $$
π
appears (say, the geometric phase). These results broaden the scope of the geometric phase and provide insights into the thermal topology.
Theory for Thermoelectric Effect Control: Transformation Nonlinear Thermoelectricity
Authors: Xu Liu-Jun , Huang Ji-Ping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTemperature-dependent (nonlinear) transformation thermotics provides a powerful tool for designing multifunctional, switchable, or intelligent metamaterials in diffusion systems. However, its extension to multiphysics remains studied, in which the temperature dependence of intrinsic parameters is ubiquitous. Here, we theoretically establish a temperature-dependent transformation method for controlling multiphysics. Taking thermoelectric transport as a typical case, we prove the form invariance of its temperature-dependent governing equations and formulate the corresponding transformation rules. Our finite-element simulations demonstrate robust thermoelectric cloaking, concentrating, and rotating performance in temperature-dependent backgrounds. We further design two practical applications with temperature-dependent transformation: an ambient-responsive cloak-concentrator thermoelectric device that can switch between cloaking and concentrating; an improved thermoelectric cloak with nearly-thermostat performance inside. Our theoretical frameworks and application designs may provide guidance for efficiently controlling temperature-related multiphysics and enlighten subsequent intelligent multiphysical metamaterial research.
Atypical induction of HIF-1α expression by pericellular Notch1 signaling suffices for the malignancy of glioblastoma multiforme cells
Authors: Lee Jungwhoi , Kim Eunsoo , Chong Kyuha , Ryu Seung-Wook , Kim Chungyeul , Choi Kyungsun , Kim Jae-Hoon , Choi Chulhee 
Published: October 2022

AbstractContact-based pericellular interactions play important roles in cancer progression via juxtacrine signaling pathways. The present study revealed that hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), induced even in non-hypoxic conditions by cell-to-cell contact, was a critical cue responsible for the malignant characteristics of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells through Notch1 signaling. Densely cultured GBM cells showed enhanced viability and resistance to temozolomide (TMZ) compared to GBM cells at a low density. Ablating Notch1 signaling by a γ-secretase inhibitor or siRNA transfection resensitized resistant GBM cells to TMZ treatment and decreased their viability under dense culture conditions. The expression of HIF-1α was significantly elevated in highly dense GBM cells even under non-hypoxic conditions. Atypical HIF-1α expression was associated with the Notch1 signaling pathway in both GBM and glioblastoma stem cells (GSC). Proteasomal degradation of HIF-1α was prevented by binding with Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD), which translocated to the nuclei of GBM cells. Silencing Notch1 signaling using a doxycycline-inducible Notch1 RNA-interfering system or treatment with chetomin, a HIF pathway inhibitor, retarded tumor development with a significant anti-cancer effect in a murine U251-xenograft model. Using GBM patient tissue microarray analysis, a significant increase in HIF-1α expression was identified in the group with Notch1 expression compared to the group without Notch1 expression among those with positive HIF-1α expression. Collectively, these findings highlight the critical role of cell-to-cell contact-dependent signaling in GBM progression. They provide a rationale for targeting HIF-1α signaling even in a non-hypoxic microenvironment.
Quality of Life in Post‐Surgical Hypoparathyroidism (PoSH) in Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
Authors: Hillary Sarah L. , Chooi Je Ern , Wadsley Jonathan , Newell‐Price John D. , Brown Nicola J. , Balasubramanian Saba P. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundPost‐surgical hypoparathyroidism (PoSH) is often long term, with significant associated morbidity and ongoing treatment. A recent systematic review found impaired quality of life (QoL) in patients with PoSH, despite stable treatment. Most studies did not include an appropriate control arm and further studies were recommended, taking into account underlying disease and comorbidities. This study aims to compare QoL in patients with PoSH with appropriate control groups.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional observational study using the general quality of life SF‐36 tool and a hypocalcaemia symptom score (HcSS) to assess QoL in patients with PoSH and controls (who had similar surgery but without PoSH). Participants were identified from two patient groups (the Butterfly Thyroid Cancer Trust and the Association for Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Disorders) and a single tertiary centre in the UK.ResultsFour hundred and thirty‐nine responses (female n = 379, PoSH n = 89) were included with a median (range) age of 52 (19–92) years. Reported dates of surgery ranged from 1973 to 2019. HcSS scores showed significantly more associated symptoms in patients with PoSH than those without (p < 0.001). Although there was no overall difference in QoL between groups, patients with PoSH consistently had lower scores (p = 0.008) in the energy/fatigue subdomain of the SF‐36.ConclusionPatients with PoSH reported significantly more fatigue and loss of energy compared to appropriately matched controls, but overall QoL was not significantly different. Standardised QoL measures may not be sensitive enough to highlight the impact on QoL in these patients. A disease‐specific tool may be required.
Establishing Peer Consensus About the Use of Long‐Term Biosynthetic Absorbable Mesh for Hernia (Grades 2–3) as the Standard of Care
Authors: Morales‐Conde Salvador , Berrevoet Frederick , Jorgensen Lars Nannestad , Marchi Domenico , Ortega‐Deballon Pablo , Windsor Alistair 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundStandard synthetic and biologic meshes, often used in hernia repair, have commonly been used and each have their strengths but associated drawbacks. Long‐term biosynthetic absorbable (LTBA) mesh has been developed to combine the strengths of synthetic and biologic meshes without the associated weaknesses. As a newer type of mesh, the supporting evidence base is still growing, and their optimum use has yet to be defined. This consensus was initiated to provide insight into those situations where a LTBA might be considered the Standard of Care in ventral hernia repair grades 2–3 (original classification, 2010) of the Ventral Hernia Working Group.MethodsA steering group of expert surgeons identified 35 statements, based around the evidence supporting LTBA, surgical technique, patients type most suitable for LTBA, risk–benefit of LTBA, patient and surgeon considerations, LTBA value. Surgeons involved in hernia repair received an online survey to assess consensus with these statements. Consensus was defined as high if ≥ 70% and very high if ≥ 90% of respondents agreed. Statements that had not achieved consensus agreement were revised and these were then issued for a subsequent round. Finally, 34 statements were included.ResultsTwo hundred fifty‐five surgeons were involved. Fourteen statements (41%) achieved very high consensus, 24 achieved consensuses (≥ 70–< 90%), whilst one (3%) just failed to achieve consensus with an agreement score of 69%.ConclusionsExpert consensus opinion about the use of LTBA for hernia (Grades 2–3) as the Standard of Care was achieved. Based on the consensus scores, the steering group derived eleven keys.
Label‐Free Enhancement of Adrenal Gland Visualization Using Near‐Infrared Autofluorescence for Surgical Guidance
Authors: Thomas Giju , Kiernan Colleen M. , Willmon Parker A. , Haugen Ezekiel , Luckenbaugh Amy N. , Barocas Daniel A. , Baregamian Naira , Mahadevan‐Jansen Anita , Solόrzano Carmen C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundDuring adrenalectomy, surgeons have traditionally relied on their subjective visual skills to distinguish adrenal glands (AGs) from retroperitoneal fat and surrounding structures, while ultrasound and exogenous contrast agents have been employed for intraoperative AG visualization, all of which have their limitations. We present a novel label‐free approach that uses near‐infrared autofluorescence (NIRAF) detection, which demonstrates potential for enhanced intraoperative AG visualization and efficient tumor resection during adrenalectomies.MethodsPatients undergoing adrenalectomy or nephrectomy were enrolled for this feasibility study. NIRAF emitted beyond 800 nm was detected in vivo from AGs and surrounding tissues during open adrenalectomies or nephrectomies. NIRAF was also measured ex vivo in excised AGs following robotic adrenalectomies. NIRAF images of tissues were captured using near‐infrared (NIR) camera systems, whereas NIRAF intensities were recorded concurrently using fiber‐optic probe‐based NIR devices. Normalized NIRAF intensities (expressed as mean ± standard error) were analyzed and compared.ResultsAmong the 55 enrolled patients, NIRAF intensity was elevated significantly for AGs versus retroperitoneal fat and other structures. NIR images of AGs also revealed a distinct demarcation of NIRAF between adrenal cortex and other periadrenal structures. NIRAF intensity in AGs was decreased markedly in malignant adrenal tumors, while benign adrenal cortical tumors and healthy adrenal cortex exhibited the strongest NIRAF levels.ConclusionsOur preliminary findings indicate that NIRAF detection could be a promising label‐free technology to enhance intraoperative AG visualization and holds immense potential for effective tumor demarcation during cortical‐sparing adrenalectomies or adrenal‐conserving surgeries.
The Role and Effect of Multimodal Prehabilitation Before Major Abdominal Surgery: A Systemic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Jain Sneha Rajiv , Kandarpa Vasundhara Lakshmi , Yaow Clyve Yu Leon , Tan Winson JianHong , Ho Leonard Ming Li , Sivarajah Sharmini Su , Ng Jia Lin , Chong Cheryl Xi Zi , Aw Darius Kang Lie , Foo Fung Joon , Koh Frederick Hong Xiang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundFor patients undergoing abdominal surgery, multimodal prehabilitation, including nutrition and exercise interventions, aims to optimize their preoperative physical and physiological capacity. This meta‐analysis aims to explore the impact of multimodal prehabilitation on surgical and functional outcomes of abdominal surgery.
MethodsMedline, Embase and CENTRAL were searched for articles about multimodal prehabilitation in major abdominal surgery. Primary outcomes were postoperative complications with a Clavien–Dindo score ≥3, and functional outcomes, measured by the 6‐Minute Walking Test (6MWT). Secondary outcome measures included the quality‐of‐life measures. Pooled risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated, with DerSimonian and Laird random effects used to account for heterogeneity.
ResultsTwenty‐five studies were included, analysing 4,210 patients across 13 trials and 12 observational studies. Patients undergoing prehabilitation had significantly fewer overall complications (RR = 0.879, 95% CI 0.781–0.989, p = 0.034). There were no significant differences in the rates of wound infection, anastomotic leak and duration of hospitalization. The 6MWT improved preoperatively in patients undergoing prehabilitation (SMD = 33.174, 95% CI 12.674–53.673, p = 0.005), but there were no significant differences in the 6MWT at 4 weeks (SMD = 30.342, 95% CI − 2.707–63.391, p = 0.066) and 8 weeks (SMD = 24.563, 95% CI − 6.77–55.900, p = 0.104) postoperatively.ConclusionsAs preoperative patient optimization shifts towards an interdisciplinary approach, evidence from this meta‐analysis shows that multimodal prehabilitation improves the preoperative functional capacity and reduces postoperative complication rates, suggesting its potential in effectively optimizing the abdominal surgery patient. However, there is a large degree of heterogenicity between the prehabilitation interventions between included articles; hence results should be interpreted with caution.
Clustering tropical cyclone genesis on ENSO timescales in the Southwest Pacific
Authors: Tu’uholoaki Moleni , Espejo Antonio , Singh Awnesh , Damlamian Herve , Wandres Moritz , Chand Savin , Mendez Fernando J. , Fa’anunu ‘Ofa 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTropical cyclones (TCs) as a natural hazard pose a major threat and risk to the human population globally. This threat is expected to increase in a warming climate as the frequency of severe TCs is expected to increase. In this study, the influence of different monthly sea surface temperature (SST) patterns on the locations and frequency of tropical cyclone genesis (TCG) in the Southwest Pacific (SWP) region is investigated. Using principal component analysis and k-means clustering of monthly SST between 1970 and 2019, nine statistically different SST patterns are identified. Our findings show that the more prominent ENSO patterns such as the Modoki El Niño (i.e., Modoki I and Modoki II) and Eastern Pacific (EP) El Niño impact the frequency and location of TCG significantly. Our results enhance the overall understanding of the TCG variability and the relationship between TCG and SST configurations in the SWP region. The results of this study may support early warning system in SWP by improving seasonal outlooks and quantification of the level of TC-related risks for the vulnerable Pacific Island communities.