bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From grammaticalization to Diachronic Construction Grammar
Authors: Gildea Spike , Barðdal Jóhanna 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe term grammaticalization originally denoted a particular outcome of language change (lexis > morphology), then got expanded to practically all studies involving language change, the processes that create such changes, and a theory modeling these. These expansions have been challenged in the literature as conceptually flawed. A usage-based analysis of the evolution of the concept culminates in the use of the term grammaticalization as a “flag” of a particular approach to linguistics. However, the theoretical premises of grammaticalization studies are entirely compatible with the premises of Diachronic Construction Grammar (DCxG). All studies within the “expanded” concept of grammaticalization can be explicitly modeled within DCxG, which provides formalism of sufficient detail to map the gradual nature of language change in cases of grammaticalization and beyond. Consequently, the most vigorous attacks on grammaticalization lose power when grammaticalization is seen as part of a larger, more complete theory of language and language change.
One health ethics: “What then must we do?”
Authors: Lindenmayer Joann M. , Kaufman Gretchen E. , Baker Liv , Coghlan Simon , Koontz Fred W. , Nieuwland Joachim , Stewart Kristin L. , Lynn William S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOne Health, as proclaimed by the United Nations Quadripartite, is “an integrated, unifying approach that aims to sustainably balance and optimize the health of people, animals, and ecosystems.” As such, it recognizes that the health of people, other animals, and nature is closely linked and interdependent. A great deal of One Health education, research, and practice is grounded in science, while ethical considerations are addressed infrequently. Yet ethical issues are inherent to each stage of One Health. They include which aspects of interdependencies to study, how to extend health and well-being beyond humans, and what trade-offs to consider when optimizing the health of people, other animals, and nature. In this article, we call for an active debate on the ethical considerations that should underpin every stage of One Health. We propose four tenets for discussion that, if adopted, could serve as springboards from which to consider how we “ought” to teach, investigate, and practice One Health.One Health Impact StatementWhile science helps us to better understand and explain how humanity’s actions affect our planet, ethics helps us evaluate those actions—past, present, and future. Working toward engaging with questions of ethics in conferences and peer-reviewed publications will help to establish guidelines for the conceptualization, design, implementation, and evaluation of One Health teaching, research, policy, and practice. Integrating ethical considerations and debate into every aspect of One Health will support a multispecies understanding of the term “One Health” and move us forward by building a common point of departure for dialogue, deliberation, and decisions inherent in One Health.
Study of temporal dissociation and atomic excitation rates in a flowing N2 DC discharge and post-discharge
Authors: Levaton J , Klein A N , Amorim J , Severo J H F 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this work, we experimentally and theoretically study mechanisms of molecular dissociation and atomic excitation occurring in a flowing nitrogen DC discharge and its post-discharge. A specific discharge experimental condition for the pink afterglow plasma occurrence in the post-discharge tube is analyzed. We employ optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and Langmuir probes to measure the reduced electric field (E/N), electron density (n
e), gas temperature (T
g) and N2(X1Σ+
g) vibrational temperature (T
v) in the positive column. OES was also employed in the post-discharge for measurements of relative densities of N(4S) and N(2D) atoms in the pink afterglow. Two well-established numerical kinetic models, one for the positive column and another one for the post-discharge, were used to calculate the rates of molecular dissociation and atomic excitation as a function of gas residence time in the positive column and also in the nitrogen post-discharge. We analyzed the role of 13 molecular dissociation mechanisms, and 8 atomic excitation mechanisms in the positive column and pink afterglow. Results demonstrate that the positive column dissociation processes are dominated by the direct electron impact mechanism in the earlier discharge gas residence times and that, for longer times, reactions between electronically excited states and N2(X1Σ+
g, v) vibrational states become the dominant dissociation mechanisms. It is also observed that dissociation processes occurring in the pink afterglow present relevant rates as compared to the same processes occurring in the positive column, demonstrating the high effectiveness of such processes in the post-discharge. The N(2D) and N(2P) excitation mechanisms are also examined. We observe that molecular dissociation and atomic excitation mechanisms strongly depend on the N2(X1Σ+
g) vibrational distribution function of the discharge and post-discharge.
Isotope shifts in cadmium as a sensitive probe for physics beyond the standard model
Authors: Ohayon B , Hofsäss S , Padilla-Castillo J E , Wright S C , Meijer G , Truppe S , Gibble K , Sahoo B K 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Isotope shifts (ISs) of atomic energy levels are sensitive probes of nuclear structure and new physics beyond the standard model. We present an analysis of the ISs of the cadmium atom (Cd I) and singly charged cadmium ion (Cd II). ISs of the 229 nm, 326 nm, 361 nm and 480 nm lines of Cd I are measured with a variety of techniques; buffer–gas-cooled beam spectroscopy, capturing atoms in a magneto-optic-trap, and optical pumping. IS constants for the D1 and D2 lines of Cd II are calculated with high accuracy by employing analytical response relativistic coupled-cluster theory in the singles, doubles and triples approximations. Combining the calculations for Cd II with experiments, we infer IS constants for all low-lying transitions in Cd I. We benchmark existing calculations via different many-body methods against these constants. Our calculations for Cd II enable nuclear charge radii of Cd isotopes to be extracted with unprecedented accuracy. The combination of our precise calculations and measurements shows that King plots for Cd I can improve the state-of-the-art sensitivity to a new heavy boson by up to two orders of magnitude.
Two-step photoionization of barium atoms through excited

P11,3

levels in optical dense approximation
Authors: Kosarev N I 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The kinetics of two-step photoionization of barium atoms through excited

P
1

1
,
3

levels was studied by numerical simulation method in the optically dense approximation. The first laser at wavelength

λ

1

=
553.5

nm (

λ

1

=
791

nm) pumps transition

S
0

1

↔

P
1

1

(

S
0

1

↔

P
1

3

). The second laser with

λ

2

=
266

nm (

λ

2

=
310

nm) ionizes atoms from the level

P
1

1

(

P
1

3

). The third probe laser with wavelength

λ

i

=
493.41

nm causes resonant fluorescence of barium ions. It is shown that the metastable

D
2

3

from the

D

1
,
2
,
3

3

triplet in barium is strongly populated through

P
1

1
,
3

levels. Therefore, the applying of the ionizing laser tuned to a continuum from this metastable

D
2

3

can yield a significant increase in the ionization efficiency. The laser-induced fluorescence method makes it possible to estimate the photoionization yield of barium ions with an error of up to 8%. The loading rate of the barium ion beam into the ion trap, obtained numerically, is consistent with the experimental data [Opt. Exp. 19(17), 16438 (2011)]. The deceleration of ultracold plasma recombination due to the heating of electrons in superelastic collisions for the characteristic times of a two-stage process is predicted.
Tuning the electronic properties of molybdenum di-sulphide monolayers via doping using first-principles calculations
Authors: Hussain Akhtar , Asif Qurat Ul Ain , Nabi Azeem Ghulam , Asim Hamayl , Rafique Hafiz Muhammad 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In 2D semiconductors, doping offers an effective approach for modulating their structural and electronic properties-owing to the creation of newly formed chemical bonds and bond relaxation. By means of density functional theory (DFT), we systematically explored the electronic properties of monolayer MoS2 doped with X-atoms (X comprises of metals Li, Be, Al; metalloids B, Si; non-metals (NMs) C, N, P, O and the NM atoms belonging to halogen group (F, Cl)). The bonding nature of the host structures with the doped elements have been determined using electron localization function (ELF). Phonon spectra calculations are performed to distinguish between the dynamically stable and unstable systems. The band gap of MoS2 stands divided into smaller values in a variety of magnitude depending on the dopant site and the nature of the substituted atom. The results show that halogen non-metals exhibit n-type conduction in both the (Mo- and S-rich) environments. Thus, substitutional doping of impurity atoms belonging to different groups can successfully tune the band gap of MoS2 to the desired level for its useful applications in semiconducting electronic devices in addition to other interesting information on the nature of doping, which could be adopted to dope other 2D-TMDs to tailor their electronic and optical characteristics for more efficient electronic devices.
Lorentz-covariant sampling theory for fields
Authors: Pye Jason 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Sampling theory is a discipline in communications engineering involved with the exact reconstruction of continuous signals from discrete sets of sample points. From a physics perspective, this is interesting in relation to the question of whether spacetime is continuous or discrete at the Planck scale, since in sampling theory we have functions which can be viewed as equivalently residing on a continuous or discrete space. Further, it is possible to formulate analogues of sampling which yield discreteness without disturbing underlying spacetime symmetries. In particular, there is a proposal for how this can be adapted for Minkowski spacetime. Here we will provide a detailed examination of the extension of sampling theory to this context. We will also discuss generally how spacetime symmetries manifest themselves in sampling theory, which at the surface seems in conflict with the fact that the discreteness of the sampling is not manifestly covariant. Specifically, we will show how the symmetry of a function space with a sampling property is equivalent to the existence of a family of possible sampling lattices related by the symmetry transformations.
Tracking ALMA System Temperature with Water Vapor Data at High Frequency
Authors: He Hao , Dent William R. F. , Wilson Christine 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
As the world-leading submillimeter telescope, the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observatory is now putting more focus on high-frequency observations at Band 7–10 (frequencies from 275 to 950 GHz). However, high-frequency observations often suffer from rapid variations in atmospheric opacity that directly affect the system temperature T
sys. Current observations perform discrete atmospheric calibrations (Atm-cals) every few minutes, with typically 10–20 occurring per hour for high frequency observation and each taking 30–40 s. In order to obtain more accurate flux measurements and reduce the number of atmospheric calibrations (Atm-cals), a new method to monitor T
sys continuously is proposed using existing data in the measurement set. In this work, we demonstrate the viability of using water vapor radiometer (WVR) data to track the T
sys continuously. We find a tight linear correlation between T
sys measured using the traditional method and T
sys extrapolated based on WVR data with scatter of 0.5%–3%. Although the exact form of the linear relation varies among different data sets and spectral windows, we can use a small number of discrete T
sys measurements to fit the linear relation and use this heuristic relationship to derive T
sys every 10 s. Furthermore, we successfully reproduce the observed correlation using atmospheric transmission at microwave modeling and demonstrate the viability of a more general method to directly derive the T
sys from the modeling. We apply the semi-continuous T
sys from heuristic fitting on a few data sets from Band 7 to Band 10 and compare the flux measured using these methods. We find the discrete and continuous T
sys methods give us consistent flux measurements with differences up to 5%. Furthermore, this method has significantly reduced the flux uncertainty due to T
sys variability for one data set, which has large precipitable water vapor fluctuation, from 10% to 0.7%.
Static properties and semileptonic transitions of lowest-lying double heavy baryons*
Authors: Ghalenovi Zahra , Moazzen Sorkhi Masoumeh 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The static properties and semileptonic decays of ground-state doubly heavy baryons are studied in the framework of a non-relativistic quark model. Using a phenomenological potential model, we calculate the ground-state masses and magnetic moments of doubly heavy Ω and Ξ baryons. In the heavy quark limit, we introduce a simple form of the universal Isgur-Wise function used as the transition form factor and then investigate the exclusive

semileptonic decay widths and branching fractions for

baryon transitions. Our obtained results are in agreement with other theoretical predictions.
Axial chiral vortical effect in a sphere with finite size effect*
Authors: Yang Shu-Yun , Fang Ren-Hong , Hou De-Fu , Ren Hai-Cang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We investigate the axial vortical effect in a uniformly rotating sphere subject to finite size. We use the MIT boundary condition to limit the boundary of the sphere. For massless fermions inside the sphere, we obtain the exact axial vector current far from the boundary that matches the expression obtained in cylindrical coordinates in literature. On the spherical boundary, we find both the longitudinal and transverse (with respect to the rotation axis) components with magnitude depending on the colatitude angle. For massive fermions, we derive an expansion of the axial conductivity far from the boundary to all orders of mass, whose leading order term agrees with the mass correction reported in literature. We also obtain the leading order mass correction on the boundary, which is linear and stronger than the quadratic dependence far from the boundary. The qualitative implications on the phenomenology of heavy ion collisions are speculated.
Towards practical Quantum Credit Risk Analysis
Authors: Dri Emanuele , Giusto Edoardo , Aita Antonello , Montrucchio Bartolomeo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In recent years a CRA (Credit Risk Analysis) quantum algorithm with a quadratic speedup over classical analogous methods has been introduced [1]. We propose a new variant of this quantum algorithm with the intent of overcoming some of the most significant limitations (according to business domain experts) of this approach. In particular, we describe a method to implement a more realistic and complex risk model for the default probability of each portfolio’s asset, capable of taking into account multiple systemic risk factors. In addition, we present a solution to increase the flexibility of one of the model’s inputs, the Loss Given Default, removing the constraint to use integer values. This specific improvement addresses the need to use real data coming from the financial sector in order to establish fair benchmarking protocols.
Although these enhancements come at a cost in terms of circuit depth and width, they nevertheless show a path towards a more realistic software solution. Recent progress in quantum technology shows that eventually, the increase in the number and reliability of qubits will allow for useful results and meaningful scales for the financial sector, also on real quantum hardware, paving the way for a concrete quantum advantage in the field.
The paper also describes experiments conducted on simulators to test the circuit proposed and contains an assessment of the scalability of the approach presented.
Characterization of Quantum Grade Interconnects
Authors: Ferguson R , Hall S.R.G , Smith J , Pitwon R , Lee B 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Quantum grade interconnects, which includes quantum grade optical fibre links and Quantum Photonic Integrated Circuits (QPICs), are rapidly developing components central to the successful development of the Quantum Internet and Quantum Key Distribution (QKD). These interconnects will present new metrological challenges that need to be addressed to ensure key support of future scientific and industrial development. Potential metrological solutions evolving alongside associated standardisation will ensure success and reliability of this advanced technology and provide key support to future scientific research and industrial manufacturing.
Metrology Challenges in Quantum Key Distribution
Authors: Gui Y , Unnikrishnan D , Stanley M , Fatadin I 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The metrology of the QKD devices and systems grows increasingly important in recent years not only because of the needs for conformance and performance testing in the standardization, but more importantly, imperfect implementation of the devices and systems or deviations from the theoretical models, which could be exploited by eavesdropper, should be carefully characterised to avoid the so-called side channel attack. In this paper, we review the recent advances in many aspects of the QKD metrology in both fibre based QKD and free space QKD systems, including a cutting edge metrology facility development and application, traceable calibration methods, and practical device characterising technologies, all of which have been contributed by the metrology communities and relative institutions.
Role of temporary thermostat adjustments as a fast, low-cost measure in reducing energy imports
Authors: Vulic N , Sulzer M , Rüdisüli M , Orehounig Kristina 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Efforts to combat climate change involve long-term plans to reduce the energy demand and increase the share of locally generated renewable energy. However, a sudden change in the geopolitical situation may require an even more rapid response to reduce energy imports through energy-efficiency improvements. In the building sector, retrofits to the building envelope and heating systems are effective, yet time- and cost-intensive to improve energy efficiency. A fast, low-cost measure to address this need is to lower the temperature set-points in building heating systems to within comfortable limits. Here, we show the impact of reducing the temperature set-point by 1 °C on heating demand at different scales—building, regional, and national—using demand simulation of 240 Swiss building archetypes and clustering-based upscaling methods. We demonstrate a nearly 6% reduction in the residential space heating demand at the national level, about a third of which is met with natural gas. More importantly, the presented approach highlights potential implications of the proposed measure across a national residential building stock, considering differences in climate and building archetypes, as well as their spatial distribution.
Health care for older adults in Europe: how has it evolved and what are the challenges?
Authors: Stuck Andreas E , Masud Tahir 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Geriatric medicine has evolved to an accepted specialty in 23 European countries. Despite much heterogeneity of postgraduate geriatric curricula, European societies have succeeded in defining a common core curriculum with a list of minimum training requirements for obtaining the specialty title of geriatric medicine. Geriatricians play a leading role in finding solutions for the challenges of health care of multimorbid older patients. One of these challenges is the demographic shift with the number of adults aged 80 years and older in Europe expected to double by 2050. Although geriatric units will play a role in the care of frail older patients, new care models are needed to integrate the comprehensive geriatric assessment approach for the care of the vast majority of older patients admitted to non-geriatric hospital units. Over the last few years, co-management approaches have been developed to address this gap. Innovative models are also in progress for ambulatory care, prevention and health promotion programs, and long-term care. Efforts to implement geriatric learning objectives in undergraduate training, and the generation of practice guidelines for geriatric syndromes may help to improve the quality of care for older patients.
Illusion of flight? Absence, evidence and the age of winged insects
Authors: Schachat Sandra R , Goldstein Paul Z , Desalle Rob , Bobo Dean M , Boyce C Kevin , Payne Jonathan L , Labandeira Conrad C 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe earliest fossils of winged insects (Pterygota) are mid-Carboniferous (latest Mississippian, 328–324 Mya), but estimates of their age based on fossil-calibrated molecular phylogenetic studies place their origin at 440–370 Mya during the Silurian or Devonian. This discrepancy would require that winged insects evaded fossilization for at least the first ~50 Myr of their history. Here, we examine the plausibility of such a gap in the fossil record, and possible explanations for it, based on comparisons with the fossil records of other arthropod groups, the distribution of first occurrence dates of pterygote families, phylogenetically informed simulations of the fossilization of Palaeozoic insects, and re-analysis of data presented by Misof and colleagues using updated fossil calibrations under a variety of prior probability settings. We do not find support for the mechanisms previously suggested to account for such an extended gap in the pterygote fossil record, including sampling bias, preservation bias, and body size. We suggest that inference of an early origin of Pterygota long prior to their first appearance in the fossil record is probably an analytical artefact of taxon sampling and choice of fossil calibration points, possibly compounded by heterogeneity in rates of sequence evolution or speciation, including radiations or ‘bursts’ during their early history.
Social Capital, Mutual Aid and Desistance: A Theoretically Integrated Process Model
Authors: Albertson Katherine , Albertson Kevin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Positive social capital-building outcomes were identified in a longitudinal evaluation of a veteran-specific initiative supporting desistance from crime and substance misuse. A secondary analysis of the qualitative data generated is presented here. We identify three transformational subjective re-alignments across the veteran cohort who sustained their engagement in the mutual aid initiative. These re-alignments are linked to the mobilization of bonding, bridging and linking sources of social capital. We directly align mutual aid practice dynamics with the micro-, meso- and macro-level distinctions highlighted in relational desistance explanatory frameworks. Our analysis provides new insights into the relationship between social capital building and desistance. We present a theoretically informed social capital-building process model highlighting the generalizability of our findings to wider (ex-) offender populations.