bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of placebo effect in clinical trials on chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Authors: Morozov Andrey , Bazarkin Andrey , Babaevskaya Diana , Taratkin Mark , Kozlov Vasily , Suvorov Aleksandr , Spivak Leonid , McFarland Jonathan , Russo Giorgio I. , Enikeev Dmitry ,   EAU‐YAU Sexual and Reproductive Health Working Group
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundIt is a common practice to control efficacy of pharmacological treatment with a placebo group. However, placebo itself may affect subjective and even objective results. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the placebo effect on symptoms of CP/CPPS to improve future clinical trials.MethodsA search at three databases (Scopus, MEDLINE, and Web of Science) was conducted to identify double‐blind placebo‐controlled clinical trials on the treatment of CP/CPPS published until April 2021. The primary outcome – National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH‐CPSI) score. Secondary outcomes: Qmax, PVR, IPSS, and prostate volume.ResultsA total of 3502 studies were identified. Placebo arms of 42 articles (5512 patients, median 31 patients) were included in the systematic review. Systematic review identified positive changes in the primary endpoint, meta‐analysis of 10 articles found that NIH‐CPSI total score results were significantly influenced by placebo, mean difference −4.2 (95% confidence interval [CI]: −6.31, −2.09). Mean difference of NIH‐CPSI pain domain was −2.31 (95% CI: −3.4, −1.21), urinary domain −1.12 (95% CI: −1.62, −0.62), quality of life domain −1.67 (95% CI: −2.38, −0.96); p < 0.001 for all. In case of the objective indicator – Qmax, there were three articles included in the meta‐analysis. Qmax mean change from baseline was 0.68 (95% CI: −0.85, 2.22, p = 0.38). Systematic review showed no significant changes in pain, measured by VAS or other scores, IPSS and PVR.ConclusionsPlacebo significantly affected the subjective parameters (NIH‐CPSI) and limitedly affected various other measurements of pain (visual analog scale, McGill pain questionnaire). There was no long‐term effect on IPSS and objective measurements (Qmax, PVR). This study can be used in further clinical trials to develop general rules of CPPS treatment assessment.
A gain‐tuning method for almost disturbance decoupling problems of nonlinear systems with zero dynamics
Authors: Liu Xiaoping , Wang Zhengqi , Wang Wilson 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a gain‐tuning method for almost disturbance decoupling problems of nonlinear systems with zero dynamics is developed. Firstly, a linear subsystem is formed by linearizing the nonlinear system. Then, a linear matrix inequality can be formed for the linear subsystem. After that, a linear state‐feedback controller can be obtained by solving the linear matrix inequality. A nonlinear state‐feedback controller can be obtained for the original nonlinear system by using backstepping design method. Another linear state‐feedback controller can be derived by linearizing the nonlinear state‐feedback controller. Finally, the backstepping gains can be solved by equating the two linear controllers. The detailed derivations of the method are provided. Some comparisons with the existing techniques are discussed. Moreover, the designed method is verified by simulations and some comparisons are made accordingly.
Novel Epoxidation/Oxygenation Method toward Bioactive Cephalostatins Using Common Alkaline Metals
Authors: Nawasreh M. M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCephalostatins (e. g. cephalostatin 1) are a class of natural products that exert extraordinary antitumor activity with the presence of a significant number of oxygen atoms either in etheric, alcoholic, or epoxydic form. Here, we describe a novel epoxidation method of ▵14,15 bond of the symmetrical bis‐steroidal pyrazine (BSP) (the diketone 2) using only grounded lithium metal in dry THF. This chemo and regioselective method which forms an environmentally begin solved one of the major challenges that overcome the N‐oxide formation in BSP's. The epoxidized products underwent a regioselective reduction with sodium borohydride NaBH4 yielding 15α‐hydroxy derivatives. Interestingly, the triol derivative 5 was found to exert a powerful activity against the three selected cancer cell lines: K562, MCF‐7, and DU‐145 using MTT assay (average GI50<0.1 μM). Noteworthy, the BSP 7 (with vicinal‐diol functionality) was obtained when the epoxidized derivatives 4 was treated with sodium metal in dry THF.
Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of Extracellular Vesicles for Biomedical Applications Using Multifunctional Magnetic Nanomaterials
Authors: Yang Letao , Patel Kapil D. , Rathnam Christopher , Thangam Ramar , Hou Yannan , Kang Heemin , Lee Ki‐Bum 
Published: February 2022

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (e.g., exosomes) carrying various biomolecules (e.g., proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids) have rapidly emerged as promising platforms for many biomedical applications. Despite their enormous potential, their heterogeneity in surfaces and sizes, the high complexity of cargo biomolecules, and the inefficient uptake by recipient cells remain critical barriers for their theranostic applications. To address these critical issues, multifunctional nanomaterials, such as magnetic nanomaterials, with their tunable physical, chemical, and biological properties, may play crucial roles in next‐generation extracellular vesicles (EV)‐based disease diagnosis, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. As such, one aims to provide cutting‐edge knowledge pertaining to magnetic nanomaterials‐facilitated isolation, detection, and delivery of extracellular vesicles and their associated biomolecules. By engaging the fields of extracellular vesicles and magnetic nanomaterials, it is envisioned that their properties can be effectively combined for optimal outcomes in biomedical applications.
Experimental investigation on salt frost scaling of textile‐reinforced concrete
Authors: Konzilia Julian , Egger Matthias , Feix Jürgen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWith the aim of reducing life cycle costs and dead weight, there are various concepts for replacing bridge pavements and sealants with high‐performance concrete. The corrosion resistance of textile reinforcements allows the realization of thin reinforcement layers that fulfill this objective. However, the textile‐reinforced concrete used as a road surface must meet the particular requirements relating to frost resistance and, specifically, scaling. An investigation on an existing structure indicated the influence of textile reinforcements on frost resistance. Therefore, the present investigations focus on the frost scaling of different combinations of a carbon reinforcement and fine‐grained concrete. For this purpose, a multistage research design is used. First, the influence of the reinforcement and the concrete mix on the capillary porosity is investigated. The capillary porosity of concrete is directly related to its resistance to freeze–thaw scaling. This resistance is examined using the slab‐test method. Finally, the influence of the frost exposure on the pull‐off strength, which is crucial for the strengthening of structures, is determined.
An accurate hyperelasticity‐based plate theory and nonlinear energy‐based micromechanics for impact and shock analyses of compliant particle‐reinforced FG hyperelastic plates
Authors: Shariyat Mohammad , Abedi Soudabeh 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe current article is devoted to the nonlinear dynamic and impact response analyses of rectangular incompressible neo‐Hookean hyperelastic plates with uniform/nonuniform transverse distributions of stiff elastic reinforcing particles. The nonlinear finite element governing equations are derived by using the principle of minimum total potential energy and solved by an updating scheme that uses the Runge‐Kutta time integration and penalty methods. The impact energy expressions are written for the integrated plate‐indenter system. The novelties of the article are: (i) realistic modeling the energy absorption of a particle‐reinforced nonlinear hyperelastic matrix based on the volume fractions of the constituent phases instead of using wrong Voigt‐type models or impractical predefined gradation coefficients, (ii) considering non‐uniform distributions of the reinforcing particles, (iii) using a highly accurate asymmetric (all the available theories are symmetric) infinite‐order plate theory, (iv) including the inherent hyperelastic nature of the material in the definition of the parameters of the plate theory, (v) considering the thickness changes of the plate, (vi) including von Karman's kinematic nonlinearity, (vii) analyzing both the dynamic and impact behaviors, (viii) proposing an adaptive algorithm to match the description of the displacement field with the load/stress variations, (ix) updating not only the stiffness but also the mass matrix within the time steps, (x) incorporation of the nonlinear boundary conditions by the penalty method, and (xi) performing time‐dependent analyses instead of the natural frequency analyses. Results reveal the drastic effects of the volume fraction of the reinforcing particles on the dynamic responses and report the impact responses of the FG hyperelastic plates, for the first time.
No differences in histopathological degenerative changes found in acute, trauma-related rotator cuff tears compared with chronic, nontraumatic tears
Authors: Aagaard Knut E. , Björnsson Hallgren Hanna Cecilia , Lunsjö Karl , Frobell Richard 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Acute trauma-related rotator cuff tears are
believed to have better healing potential than chronic tears due to less degenerative changes of the tendons. However, the histopathological condition of tendons from trauma-related tears is not well investigated. The purpose of this study was to explore specific histopathological features in tendons from acute trauma-related full-thickness rotator cuff tears and to compare them to findings in tendons from nontraumatic, chronic tears.

Methods
In a prospective cohort study, 62 previously asymptomatic patients [14 women, median age 61 years (range 42–75)] with trauma-related full-thickness rotator cuff tears were consecutively included. Arthroscopic repair was performed within 30 (median, IQR 25–37) days after the injury. During surgery, tissue biopsies were harvested from the supraspinatus tendons in 53 (86%) of the patients. In addition, similar biopsies were harvested from 10 patients undergoing surgery for chronic tears without history of trauma. All tissue samples were examined by a well-experienced pathologist under light microscope. Tendon degeneration was determined using the Bonar score whereas immunostaining was used for proliferation (Ki67), inflammation (CD45), apoptosis (p53) and haemosiderin staining to study traces of bleeding.

Results
The median (IQR) Bonar score for the acute trauma-related biopsies was 10.5 (7.5–14.5) compared to 11 (5–12.8) for the control group with no statistically significant difference between the groups. No statistically significant between-group difference was found for the inflammatory index whereas tendons from patients with trauma-related full-thickness rotator cuff tears had statistically significantly higher apoptosis [3.1 (0.5–8.9) vs. 0.1 (0–1.5), p = 0.003] and proliferation [4.0 (1.8–6.9) vs. 0.4 (0–2.0), p = 0.001) indices than those undergoing surgery for chronic tears. Positive haemosiderin staining was found in 34% of tissue samples from patients with trauma-related tears compared to 10% in the control group (n.s).

Conclusion
This study suggests that there is no difference with regard to degenerative changes between supraspinatus tendons harvested from patients with acute, trauma-related rotator cuff tears and patients with nontraumatic, chronic tears.

Level of evidence
II.
Outcomes after primary and repeat thermal ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma with or without liver transplantation
Authors: Serbanescu-Kele Apor de Zalán Christiaan M. C. , Ruiter Simeon J. S. , van den Berg Aad P. , Pennings Jan Pieter , de Jong Koert P. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Thermal ablation (TA) is an established treatment for early HCC. There is a lack of data on the efficacy of repeated TA for recurrent HCC, resulting in uncertainty whether good oncologic outcomes can be obtained without performing orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTx). This study analyses outcomes after TA, with a special focus on repeat TA for recurrent HCC, either as a stand-alone therapy, or in relationship with OLTx.

Methods
Data from a prospectively registered database on interventions for HCC in a tertiary hepatobiliary centre was completed with follow-up until December 2020. Outcomes studied were rate of recurrence after primary TA and after its repeat interventions, the occurrence of untreatable recurrence, OS and DSS after primary and repeat TA, and complications after TA. In cohorts matched for confounders, OSS and DSS were compared after TA with and without the intention to perform OLTx.

Results
After TA, 100 patients (56·8%) developed recurrent HCC, of whom 76 (76·0%) underwent up to four repeat interventions. During follow-up, 76·7% of patients never developed a recurrence unamenable to repeat TA or OLTx. OS was comparable after primary TA and repeat TA. In matched cohorts, OS and DSS were comparable after TA with and without the intention to perform OLTx.

Conclusions
We found TA to be an effective and repeatable therapy for primary and recurrent HCC. Most recurrences can be treated with curative intent. There are patients who do well with TA alone without ever undergoing OLTx.

Key Points
• Recurrent HCC after primary TA can often be treated effectively with repeat TA. Survival after repeat TA is comparable to primary TA.
• In matched cohorts, outcomes after TA with and without subsequent waitlisting for OLTx are comparable.
• There are patients who do well for many years with primary and repeat TA alone; some despite multiple recurrences.
Broaching-to prevention in real-time using momentary state feedback control focusing on the saddle point in the system
Authors: Maniyappan Sreenath , Umeda Naoya 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFor realizing real-time broaching-to prevention in regular waves, the momentary state feedback control in the vicinity of the saddle point of the dynamical system is newly proposed, based on the previous work (Maniyappan in J Mar Sci Technol, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00773-020-00743-4). This is an extension of the concept of OGY (Ott, Grebogi, and Yorke) (Ott in Phys Rev Lett 64:1196–1199, 1990) algorithm by applying momentary state feedback using the linear-quadratic regulator (LQR) only when the ship approaches a saddle point. It was numerically confirmed in regular waves that controlling the surging in a wave downslope during broaching-to enables to change the broaching to a periodic motion at lower Froude number. At higher Froude numbers, broaching-to prevention is achieved by undergoing stable surf-riding near the wave trough in lower heading angles. The robustness of the controller towards modeling uncertainties and limitation of the observed variables are also confirmed by using a controller model that ignores the nonlinear terms in the calm-water manoeuvring forces and the longitudinal position of the ship to waves.
Water status in the Canary Islands related to energy requirements
Authors: Santamarta Juan C. , Rubiales Ignacio Calvo , Rodríguez-Martín Jesica , Cruz-Pérez Noelia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA review of the methods of obtaining water in the Canary Islands (Spain) is presented, dividing the islands into two groups: the eastern islands and the western islands. This division is due to the different origins of water resources, with western islands using mainly underground sources, while the eastern ones main source is seawater desalination. Water sources define the way in which water is obtained, as well as the energy expenditure to obtain it. In this review, the energy consumption of different methods of drinking water collection is studied, as well as the resources that make up the energy mix in the Canary Islands. In addition, a projection is made for drinking water consumption and energy consumption related to water use in the archipelago up till the year 2035, in order to observe the expected trends in these sectors.
Evaluation of immature granulocyte parameters in myeloid neoplasms assayed by Sysmex XN hematology analyzer
Authors: Lu Qifeng , Li Ying , Li Tian , Hou Tingting , Zhao Yajuan , Feng Shu , Yang Xixian , Zhu Mengyu , Shen Yajuan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractImmature granulocytes (IGs) have significance for the diagnosis of myeloid neoplasms (MNs). The current study aims to use a hematology analyzer to evaluate the accuracy of IG parameters in MNs. Blood specimens from 388 patients with MN, 524 with non-hematological neoplasms (non-HNs), including 109 patients with inflammation and 68 undergoing G-CSF administration, and 500 healthy control subjects were analyzed. IG parameters was assayed by Sysmex XN-9000 (XN) and compared with manual assessments. A high level of agreement between IG% derived from XN and manual measurements for MN patients (r = 0.828, p < 0.0001) was revealed but only a moderate correlation for acute myeloid leukemia patients (AML; r = 0.597; p < 0.0001). Bland–Altman bias analysis was conducted, and the results showed that differences in IG% from XN and manual analysis for MN patients were considered clinically insignificant. ROC analysis demonstrated a good performance of IG# (AUC = 0.842) and IG% (AUC = 0.885) assessed by XN for MN patients with cut-off values of 0.200 × 109/L and 1.95%, respectively. IG parameters from Sysmex XN analyzer are helpful for screening of MNs even though granulocyte morphological abnormalities may interfere with IG parameter accuracy.
Enhancing Coordination for Effective Management of Oil Spill Pollution in South Africa
Authors: Sabela-Rikhotso Phindile Tiyiselani Zanele , van Niekerk Dewald , Nemakonde Livhuwani David 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAlthough multi-sectoral coordination in disaster risk management has been progressing in South Africa for over two decades, there has been limited commitment to an integrated regime in managing marine oil spill incidents. Poor incident management persists despite the availability of data, protocols, legislation, and resources housed in different government and private sector entities. This study identified practices that enhance a coordination process for the effective management of oil spill pollution. A grounded theory approach is applied to the coordination issue, which is characterized by an interactive process of simultaneously considering theoretical grounding during our empirical research. Empirical evidence includes observations of 47 meetings and three oil spill exercises with 79 delegates from 32 different organizations, which supports the coordination process of instituting a national Incident Management System for marine oil spills in South Africa. An additional 44 individual open-ended questionnaires supplement this earlier body of evidence for data triangulation and validation. Analysis of development of the Incident Management System process revealed that, when designing a novel long-term project that is reliant on a shared vision from multiple organizations, enhanced coordination and collaboration for successful implementation is dependent on the following practices: (1) obtaining political commitment, (2) bridging knowledge gaps, and (3) sharing resources.
Neural network for modeling the capture of lead and cadmium ions from wastewater using date palm stones
Authors: Faisal A. A. H. , Nassir Z. S. , Rashid H. M. , Al-Hashimi O. A. , Shubbar A. , Saleh B. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe current theoretical and experimental study was to thoroughly examine the capability of date stones for scavenging cadmium and lead ions from simulated wastewater. Three layers-artificial neural network (ANN) with 115 batch tests proved that the best conditions achieved the highest sorption efficiency (>63% for Cd(II) and > 91% for Pb(II)) where time 1 h, pH 5–6, dosage 5 g/100 mL, speed 100 rpm and temperature 25 °C. A satisfactory matching between the measurements and the ANN outputs was recognized with coefficient of determination greater than 99%. The ANN has also revealed throughout the sensitivity analysis that the initial pH and contact time with importance of 25 and 39% for cadmium and lead ions respectively were considered to be the most influential parameters in the removal process. Among Langmuir, Freundlich, and ANN models, the latter one was well fitted the sorption data. This model was substituted in solute transport equation to describe the spatial and temporal distribution of metal ions through the packed column. From the breakthrough curves, the well agreement between the theoretical and measurements (Willmott’s index almost greater less than 0.97), the date stones sorbent have had greater tendency to sorb lead ions than that of cadmium ones.
The Composition and Growth Mechanism of Coexisting 4M2 and 4A8 Biotite Polytypes from Rhyolite of Long Valley Caldera, California
Authors: Xi Jiaxin , Yang Yiping , Ma Lingya , He Hongping , Xu Huifang , Zhu Jianxi , Wei Jingming 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPolytypism is common in micas, and the frequency of polytype occurrence is believed to be related closely to the crystallization conditions and chemical compositions of the corresponding fluids and melts. Coexisting multiple standard and complex/disordered polytypes in igneous rocks generally reflect a complicated magma evolution history. The purpose of the current study was to clarify the origin of coexisting biotite polytypes and their growth mechanism. Micro-X-ray diffraction (μXRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to investigate Fe-rich biotite phenocrysts in rhyolite from the Long Valley Caldera, California, USA. The μXRD analyses characterized various polytypes, and TEM observations revealed that common polytypes (e.g. 1M, 2M1, and 3T) and rare polytypes (e.g. 4M2 and 4A8) coexist within biotite monocrystals. The two 4-layer polytypes of Fe-rich biotite, 4M2 and 4A8, were identified via selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) and high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (HRSTEM) at the atomic resolution, with unique stacking sequences ([0222] for 4M2 and [0022¯] for 4A8). Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) results showed differences in their chemical compositions, especially Fe and K. The 4A8 polytype is reported for the first time. The present study suggested that environmental changes, such as rapid cooling and inhomogeneous compositional distribution, led to chemical and structural oscillations and complex nucleation of the two 4-layer polytypes. Screw dislocations producing spiral growth enhance polytype stability and form ordered long-period/complex polytypes. These results are useful to understand the origin of long-period/complex polytypes and the intergrowths of diverse polytypes formed in non-equilibrium crystallization environments.