bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immune checkpoint inhibitors plus capecitabine and oxaliplatin in unresectable or advanced biliary tract cancer patients: A retrospective study
Authors: Zhao Jie , Guo Yongzhong , Ding Wenzhou , Han Guoyong , Jiang Chuanwei , Yang Chao , Hu Yuanchang , Zhang Long , Wu Chen , Ni Ming , Kong Xiangyi , Huang Tian , Zhang Chuanyong , Xia Yongxiang 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have recently been increasingly used in cancer treatment, whereas their clinical application in biliary tract cancer (BTC) patients is uncommon. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ICIs plus capecitabine and oxaliplatin (CAPOX) in the treatment of BTC patients.MethodsThis retrospective study reviewed 26 unresectable or advanced BTC patients who received ICIs plus CAPOX. The treatment continued until disease progression, uncontrollable adverse event (AE) occurrence, intolerable toxicity occurrence, or voluntary withdrawal.ResultsThe median treatment cycles were 5.5 [interquartile range (IQR): 3.8–8.0]. Complete response, partial response, stable disease, and progressive disease rates were 0.0%, 46.2%, 23.1%, and 30.8%, respectively. Objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 46.2% and 69.2%, correspondingly. Regarding survival, the median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 6.1 (95% CI: 4.4–7.7) months and 16.5 (95% CI: 5.0–28.0) months; moreover, the 1-year PFS and OS rates were 21.5% and 54.3%, respectively. An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score of 1–3 (vs. 0) was associated with declined DCR, PFS, and OS (all p &lt; 0.050). The most common AEs of ICIs plus CAPOX were thrombocytopenia (61.5%), neutropenia (26.9%), and reactive cutaneous capillary endothelial proliferation (RCCEP) (23.1%). Moreover, 13 (50.0%) patients suffered from grade 3–4 AEs, including thrombocytopenia (50.0%), neutropenia (7.7%), liver dysfunction (7.7%), and RCCEP (3.8%). Notably, the majority of AEs were controllable.ConclusionICIs plus CAPOX chemotherapy exhibit a good efficacy and a manageable safety profile in the treatment of patients with unresectable or advanced BTC.
Prioritizing key synergistic circulating microRNAs for the early diagnosis of biliary tract cancer
Authors: Su Fei , Gao Ziyu , Liu Yueyang , Zhou Guiqin , Gao Wei , Deng Chao , Liu Yuyu , Zhang Yihao , Ma Xiaoyan , Wang Yongxia , Guan Lili , Zhang Yafang , Liu Baoquan 
Published: October 2022

Biliary tract cancer (BTC) is a highly aggressive malignant tumor. Serum microRNAs (ser-miRNAs) serve as noninvasive biomarkers to identify high risk individuals, thereby facilitating the design of precision therapies. The study is to prioritize key synergistic ser-miRNAs for the diagnosis of early BTC. Sampling technology, significant analysis of microarrays, Pearson Correlation Coefficients, t-test, decision tree, and entropy weight were integrated to develop a global optimization algorithm of decision forest. The source code is available at https://github.com/SuFei-lab/GOADF.git. Four key synergistic ser-miRNAs were prioritized and the synergistic classification performance was better than the single miRNA’ s. In the internal feature evaluation dataset, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for each single miRNA was 0.8413 (hsa-let-7c-5p), 0.7143 (hsa-miR-16-5p), 0.8571 (hsa-miR-17-5p), and 0.9365 (hsa-miR-26a-5p), respectively, whereas the synergistic AUC value increased to 1.0000. In the internal test dataset, the single AUC was 0.6500, 0.5125, 0.6750, and 0.7500, whereas the synergistic AUC increased to 0.8375. In the independent test dataset, the single AUC was 0.7280, 0.8313, 0.8957, and 0.8303, and the synergistic AUC was 0.9110 for discriminating between BTC patients and healthy controls. The AUC for discriminating BTC from pancreatic cancer was 0.9000. Hsa-miR-26a-5p was a predictor of prognosis, patients with high expression had shorter survival than those with low expression. In conclusion, hsa-let-7c-5p, hsa-miR-16-5p, hsa-miR-17-5p, and hsa-miR-26a-5p may act as key synergistic biomarkers and provide important molecular mechanisms that contribute to pathogenesis of BTC.
Case report: Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor of the lateral ventricle in a male adolescent (case-based review and diagnostic challenges in developing countries)
Authors: Karim Akzhol , Shaikhyzada Kundyz , Suleimenova Assel , Ibraimov Bakytkali , Nurgaliev Dair , Poddighe Dimitri 
Published: October 2022

Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is a rare and highly malignant central nervous system (CNS) embryonal neoplasm: it accounts for &lt;2% of all pediatric CNS tumors and occurs mainly in infants and young children. The primary site of this tumor is usually the posterior cranial fossa. Supratentorial and, in detail, latero-ventricular location is extremely uncommon, especially in adolescents. This tumor is characterized by rapid growth and spread in cerebrospinal fluid and, therefore, it is characterized by a poor prognosis. Neurological signs and symptoms are related the location of the tumor. The radiological features of AT/RT are nonspecific. Immunohistochemical staining for loss of nuclear integrase interactor 1 (INI1) expression is considered a reliable criterion for the diagnosis of this type of tumor. AT/RT has been linked to mutations of SMARCB1 or, rarely, SMARCA4 genes, which function as tumor suppressor genes. Currently, there is no validated protocol of treatment for children with AT/RT, and multimodality treatment (consisting of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy) is considered. In this case report, we describe a 15-year-old adolescent with an AT/RT of the left lateral ventricle. Despite the late diagnosis, the multimodal therapeutic approach provided a good outcome for our patient at 21 months’ follow-up. Based on our case-based review, early diagnosis and a multimodal approach to treatment play a key role in improving the survival of patients with this diagnosis. Implementing a system supporting pathological and molecular analyses for developing countries and, in general, for non-academic centers is of primary importance to timely diagnose and treat rare tumors, such as AT/RT.
Prediction model based on preoperative CT findings for carotid artery invasion in patients with head and neck masses
Authors: Zhao Yanfeng , Bao Dan , Wang Xiaoyi , Lin Meng , Li Lin , Zhu Zheng , Zhao Xinming , Luo Dehong 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate the performance of a model in predicting carotid artery (CA) invasion in patients with head and neck masses using computed tomography (CT).MethodsThis retrospective study included patients with head and neck masses who underwent CT and surgery between January 2013 and July 2021. Patient characteristics and ten CT features were assessed by two radiologists. The patients were randomly allocated to a training cohort (n=106) and a validation cohort (n=109). Independent risk factors for CA invasion were assessed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. The predictive model was established as a nomogram using the training cohort. In addition, the calibration, discrimination, reclassification, and clinical application of the model were assessed in the validation cohort.ResultsA total of 215 patients were evaluated, including 54 patients with CA invasion. Vascular wall deformation (odds ratio [OR], 7.17; p=0.02) and the extent of encasement to the CA (OR, 1.02; p&lt;0.001) were independent predictors of CA invasion in the multivariable analysis in the training cohort. The performance of the model was similar between the training and validation cohort, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.93 (95% confidence intervals [CI], 0.88-0.98) and 0.88 (95% CI, 0.80-0.96) (p=0.07), respectively. The calibration curve showed a good agreement between the predicted and actual probabilities.ConclusionA predictive model for carotid artery invasion can be defined based on features that come from patient characteristics and CT data to help in improve surgical planning and invasion evaluation.
Delta radiomics model for the prediction of progression-free survival time in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients after immunotherapy
Authors: Xie Dong , Xu Fangyi , Zhu Wenchao , Pu Cailing , Huang Shaoyu , Lou Kaihua , Wu Yan , Huang Dingpin , He Cong , Hu Hongjie 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveTo assess the validity of pre- and posttreatment computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics signatures and delta radiomics signatures for predicting progression-free survival (PFS) in stage III-IV non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients after immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy.MethodsQuantitative image features of the largest primary lung tumours were extracted on CT-enhanced imaging at baseline (time point 0, TP0) and after the 2nd-3rd immunotherapy cycles (time point 1, TP1). The critical features were selected to construct TP0, TP1 and delta radiomics signatures for the risk stratification of patient survival after ICI treatment. In addition, a prediction model integrating the clinicopathologic risk characteristics and phenotypic signature was developed for the prediction of PFS.ResultsThe C-index of TP0, TP1 and delta radiomics models in the training and validation cohort were 0.64, 0.75, 0.80, and 0.61, 0.68, 0.78, respectively. The delta radiomics score exhibited good accuracy for distinguishing patients with slow and rapid progression to ICI treatment. The predictive accuracy of the combined prediction model was higher than that of the clinical prediction model in both training and validation sets (P&lt;0.05), with a C-index of 0.83 and 0.70, respectively. Additionally, the delta radiomics model (C-index of 0.86) had a higher predictive accuracy compared to PD-L1 expression (C-index of 0.50) (P&lt;0.0001).ConclusionsThe combined prediction model including clinicopathologic characteristics (tumour anatomical classification and brain metastasis) and the delta radiomics signature could achieve the individualized prediction of PFS in ICIs-treated NSCLC patients.
Analysis of the effect of phototherapy on intestinal probiotics and metabolism in newborns with jaundice
Authors: Fan Sainan , Zhang Kun , Zhang Jiahui , Zhang Lei , Liu Lixiao , Lv Anping , Ma Yanan , Fang Xiaohui , Zheng Fang , Wu Zhimin , Zhang Jinping 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundIn clinical practice, oral probiotics are often given to children with hyperbilirubinaemia who receive phototherapy, but the exact mechanism of the action of the probiotics on hyperbilirubinaemia remains unclear. It is unclear how the effects of phototherapy on the probiotic flora in the neonatal gut, in particular.Materials and methodsFifty newborns who needed phototherapy from June 2018 to June 2020 were selected as the study subjects, and five healthy newborns in the same period were used as controls to analyse the changes in probiotic bacteria in their faeces.Results1. In the intestinal tracts of newborns, Bifidobacterium is the main probiotic strain, with a small amount of Lactobacillus. There were probiotic species changes in the neonatal intestinal microbiota after phototherapy for 24 and 48 h. The amount of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus decreased significantly (P &lt; 0.05). 2. A correlation analysis of probiotic species and bile acid metabolism indexes showed that Bifidobacterium was positively correlated with many metabolites (P &lt; 0.05), such as chenodeoxycholic acid, hyodeoxycholic acid, cholic acid, allocholic acid, and β-cholic acid. It was also negatively correlated with many metabolites (P &lt; 0.05), such as glycocholic acid, sodium, sodium tudca, and chenodeoxycholic acid. Lactobacillus was negatively correlated with metabolites (P &lt; 0.05) such as α-sodium cholate and β-cholic acid. 3. A correlation analysis between the changes in probiotics and intestinal short-chain fatty acid metabolites after phototherapy showed that acetic acid, butyric acid, caproic acid, and propionic acid decreased and were significantly correlated with Bifidobacterium (P &lt; 0.05). 4. After phototherapy, 17 metabolites changed significantly (P &lt; 0.05). This correlated with many probiotics (P &lt; 0.05). The significantly changed probiotics in this study showed a significant correlation with some intestinal metabolites (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionIt was found that phototherapy can significantly affect the intestinal probiotic flora and the metabolic indicators of newborns, which may be an important reason for the side effects of phototherapy, and also provides the theoretical basis for the provision of probiotics to newborns with jaundice.
Efficacy of the growing rod technique on kyphotic early-onset scoliosis
Authors: Cao Jiang , Zhang Xuejun , Cao Jun , Gao Rongxuan , Guo Dong 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveTo explore the application of the growing rod (GR) technique in the treatment of kyphotic early-onset scoliosis (KEOS) and analyze its surgical efficacy and safety.MethodsThe clinical data of 30 children with KEOS who received GR treatment at our department between January 2016 and December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 18 cases with normal kyphosis (normal kyphosis group) and 12 cases with excessive kyphosis (excessive kyphosis group). Both groups received GR treatment, and all patients received anteroposterior and lateral spine X-ray examinations before, after the initial surgery, and at the final follow-up. The surgical conditions and imaging parameters of the two groups were compared, and the complications were recorded.ResultsThere was no statistical difference in the Cobb angle of the major curve, apical vertebral translation (AVT), and trunk shift (TS) between the two groups before, after the first surgery, and at the final follow-up (P&gt; 0.05). The Cobb angle of the major curve, the AVT, and the TS in both groups after the first surgery were lower than before the first surgery (P&lt; 0.05), but there was no statistical difference between the two groups (P&gt; 0.05). At the final follow-up, there were increases in both the Cobb angle and the AVT (P&lt; 0.05), while the TS decreased in comparison with findings after the first surgery (P&lt; 0.05). Before and after the first surgery and at the final follow-up appointment, there was a statistical difference in the degree of thoracic kyphosis (TK) between the two groups (P&lt; 0.05), while there was no statistical difference in terms of lumbar lordosis (LL), the proximal junctional angle (PJA), and the distal junctional angle (DJA) (P&gt; 0.05). After the first surgery, TK and LL showed a significant moderate response in both groups (P&lt; 0.05), while there was no significant difference in TK, LL, PJA, and DJA compared with the results at the final follow-up (P&gt; 0.05).ConclusionsThe use of the GR technique can improve kyphosis in KEOS treatment.
Effects of CYP2C19 genetic polymorphisms on the cure rates of H. pylori in patients treated with the proton pump inhibitors: An updated meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Xianghong , Zhang Zhongqiu , Lu Fang , Xiong Mengqiu , Jiang Liping , Tang Ke , Fu Min , Wu Yu , He Bangshun 
Published: October 2022

Background: The cure rates of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) treatment using a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) are gradually decreasing due to antibiotic resistance, poor compliance, high gastric acidity, and cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) polymorphism, and the effects of PPI depend on metabolic enzymes, cytochrome P450 enzymes. The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine whether CYP2C19 polymorphisms affect H. pylori cure rates in patients treated with different proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) according to stratified analysis.Materials and methods: The literature was searched with the key words “H. pylori” and “CYP2C19” in PubMed, CNKI, and Wanfang up to 31 May 2022, and the studies were limited to clinical observational or randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Finally, seven RCTs and 29 clinical observational studies met the inclusion criteria and were used for the meta-analysis via STATA version 16.Results: The cure rates were significantly different between genotypes of homozygous extensive metabolizers (EM) and poor metabolizers (PM) (OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.47–0.71) and between EM and heterozygous extensive metabolizers (IM) (OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.59–0.86), but not between IM and PM. Moreover, there was a significantly lower H. pylori cure rate in EM subjects than that in IM subjects when treated with omeprazole (66.4% vs. 84.1%), lansoprazole (76.1% vs. 85.6%), but not rabeprazole, esomeprazole, or pantoprazole. In addition, there was a significantly lower H. pylori cure rate in EM subjects than that in IM subjects when treated with a PPIs for 7 days (77.4% vs. 82.1%), but not 14 days (85.4% vs. 90.0%).Conclusion: Carriers of CYP2C19 loss-of-function variant alleles (IM and PM) exhibit a significantly greater cure rate of H. pylori than noncarriers (EM) regardless of other factors (84.7% vs. 79.2%). In addition, pantoprazole- and rabeprazole-based quadruple therapy for H. pylori treatment is less dependent on the CYP2C19 genotype and should be prioritized in Asian populations with H. pylori.
The Research of Declining Factor and a New Model of Decline Rate for Gas Well Production in Low Permeability Reservoir
Authors: Wang Hua , Wu Yong , Fu Yu , Zhang Yunjun 
Published: October 2022

The decline rate of gas wells varies with production time and is related to reservoir and working system. A typical single well numerical model of low permeability gas wells is established. The variation law of decline rate and its main influencing factors are studied by single factor analysis method. The results show that there are two stages of rapid and slow decline for the decline rate of gas wells, and the decline rate tends to be stable after the gas wells entering the decline period of 2–3 years; the decline rate increases with the increase of permeability, gas saturation and wellhead pressure, and decreases with the increase of porosity and well-controlled reserves; the decline rate in late production does not change with the change of reservoir thickness, initial production allocation and formation pressure. Then the decline rate model is and Then the decline rate model and the non-linear model of each factor are established by using response surface method are used to predict the decline rate quickly and accurately. According to the prediction model, the larger the well-controlled reserves, the smaller the permeability and the smaller the decline rate. In order to reduce production decline rate in gas well production process, it is suggested that the influence of various parameters on production decline rate should be considered comprehensively, and the well-controlled reserves of gas well should be increased as far as possible.
Nitric oxide promotes energy metabolism and protects mitochondrial DNA in peaches during cold storage
Authors: Ren Yuanyuan , Zhu Shuhua 
Published: October 2022

The mitochondria are important organelles related to energy metabolism and are susceptible to oxidative damage. In this experiment, peaches (Prunus persica) were treated with distilled water (as the control), 15 μmol L−1 of nitric oxide (NO), and 20 μmol L−1 of carboxy-PTIO (NO scavenger). The changes in mitochondrial physiological indicators, energy metabolism process, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage and repair were quantified. Compared with the control, NO treatment reduced mitochondrial oxygen consumption and the reactive oxygen species content, increased mitochondrial respiration control rate, and promoted energy metabolism by influencing the activities of citrate synthase, aconitase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and α‐ketoglutarate dehydrogenase in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and ATPase activity in peach mitochondria. NO treatment also maintained the relative copy number of mtDNA and the relative amplification of long PCR in peaches, decreased the level of 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine, and upregulated the expression of PpOGG1, PpAPE1, and PpLIG1. These results indicated that exogenous NO treatment (15 μmol L−1) could reduce mtDNA oxidative damage, maintain mtDNA molecular integrity, and inhibit mtDNA copy number reduction by reducing the reactive oxygen species content, thereby promoting mitochondrial energy metabolism and prolonging the storage life of peaches at low temperatures.
Contemporary and dynamic effects of socio-economic factors on physical (in)activity: Does intensity matter?
Authors: García-Witulski Christian M. 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveThis paper identifies varying contemporary and dynamic effects of socio-economic factors on individuals' decisions to allocate their time to physical activities when the intensity of these activities comes into play.MethodsBased on repeated cross-sectional data sourced from the Argentinean National Risk Factor Surveys of 2005, 2009, and 2013, we developed 18 fictitious cohorts to set up a pseudo panel. To address endogeneity problems, four econometric specifications were estimated: OLS, Heckman two-stage model, fixed- and random-effects models.ResultsWe find that changes in the opportunity cost of time are highly significant and provide shifts in individuals' decisions regarding the allocation of their time to physical activity consumption. When considering the intensity at which physical activities are consumed, increased income impacts less, suggesting that individuals faced with a wage increase reduce the time of consumption but increase its intensity. An interesting finding is that employed people consume more physical activity than inactive individuals. This indicates that the substitution effect produced by an increase in the wage rate is less than the income effect. Additionally, the increase in the coefficient of employed persons is greater when the intensity factor is considered, indicating that for employed individuals a trade-off between time and intensity is generated. We also found that higher levels of education increase the probability of participating in physical activities, but decrease the time spent in such activities. Furthermore, there are heterogeneous impacts on physical activity consumption between males and females, which can be observed in the strong effect of household production for women with at least one child. Finally, such impacts remain in a variety of estimated specifications.ConclusionsThese results may be useful in order to suggest some tools for the design of interventions that are aimed at increasing participation in physical activities.