bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of O2 Diffusion Resistance without Cathode Humidification in a PEMFC
Authors: Cho Jaewoo , Park Sehkyu 
Published: February 2022

Fuel cells are power-generating devices from chemical energy by electrochemical reactions. Especially, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have a high-power density, even if they utilize polymer electrolyte and run at a low temperature.
It is generally ascribed that oxygen transport to the cathode catalyst layer (CL) greatly affect a PEMFC performance. When molecular oxygen travels from the cathode flow channel to the surface of Pt, it is gradually in three diffusion regimes: molecular diffusion (MD), Knudsen diffusion, and ionomer film diffusion.
Recently, much effort has been devoted to understanding oxygen diffusion resistance at the cathode, especially in the CL. Using the Stefan-Maxwell equation, Mashio et al.1 separated total oxygen diffusion resistance into three different oxygen diffusion that includes pressure-dependent resistance and two pressure-independent resistance, and they determined molecular diffusion resistance RMD and non-molecular diffusion resistance Rnon-MD from the experimentally measured limiting current with diluted gaseous oxygen.
Similarly, in this study, we measured limiting current to study oxygen diffusion resistance at various RHs of the anode without the cathode humidification. Fig. 1a shows total oxygen diffusion resistance RMD with increasing total pressure Ptot at the cathode. RMD increases with increasing Ptot, while it decreases with higher RH at the anode. Fig. 1b gives Rnon-MD against pressure. The value of Rnon-MD decreases with increasing RH at the anode. It is inferred from the results that i) MD is dominant at the cathode with no humidification, depending on RHs at the anode that affect water content at the cathode and ii) smaller Rnon-MD with higher RH at the anode is associated with increased sites available for oxygen diffusion possibly due to ionomer swelling.2

References

T. Mashio, A. Ohma, S. Yamamoto, K. Shinohara, ECS trans., 11(1) 529-540 (2007).

M. Schalenbach, T. Hoefner, P. Paciok, M. Carmo, W. Lueke, and D. Stolten, J. Phys. Chem. C, 119, 25145-25155 (2015)

Figure caption

Fig. 1(a) Molecular oxygen diffusion resistance RMD and (b) non-molecular oxygen diffusion resistance Rnon-MD against total pressure at various relative humidity at the anode (No humidification at the cathode).

Figure 1
Intrusive Seismic Swarms as Possible Precursors of Destructive Earthquakes on Mt. Etna’s Eastern Flank
Authors: Gambino Salvatore , Distefano Giovanni 
Published: February 2022

The Timpe Fault System (TFS) represents the source of shallow earthquakes that strike numerous towns and villages on Mt. Etna’s eastern flank. In the last 40 years, three destructive seismic events reached

I

0

=
VIII

EMS

(heavily damaging) in 1984 (October 25), 2002 (October 29), and 2018 (December 26). These events followed a few days after the occurrence of strong seismic swarms and the sudden acceleration of the eastern flank seaward. The damaging seismic events in 2002 and 2018 were associated with dike intrusions and eruptions of the volcano; however, no eruptive activity was observed at the time of the 1984 earthquakes. In this study, we investigate seismic parameters for the 1984 sequence, in order to interpret the seismicity in terms of volcanic activity. Parameters such as localization, cumulative seismic moment, and hourly occurrence frequency of the 1984 seismic swarm have been analysed and shown to have typical values of Mt. Etna’s intrusive seismic swarms. This suggests that the 1984 episode may have been an aborted intrusive magma episode that triggered similar processes (long and powerful intrusions with acceleration of the eastern flank movement and destructive earthquakes), as in 2002 and 2018. These three episodes suggest that an evaluation of some seismic parameters during future intrusive swarms may furnish indications of a possible reactivation of the TFS.
Território do significado: a cultura boliviana e a interculturalidade na rede municipal de São Paulo
Authors: Carvalho Francione Oliveira 
Published: February 2022

Desde a implementação do Mercosul vemos o fluxo de imigrantes sul-americanos aumentar tanto nas regiões de fronteira como nas grandes cidades brasileiras, caso da capital paulista. A globalização das sociedades contemporâneas também ressignifica o sentido da cidadania, pois as cidades tornam-se palimpsestos de referências e pertencimentos. Diferentes possibilidades de ser passam a conviver no mesmo território, abrindo fendas para a problematização sobre o próprio conceito de território, que deixa de ficar encerrado no espaço físico. Ao produzir significados a partir do espaço, os homens produzem cultura, identidade e estabelecem um campo de poder. Podemos nomear um “território do significado” (CARVALHO, 2011), que indo além da noção geográfica de delimitação e ocupação do espaço, dialoga com as estruturas de sentimentos, experiências, crenças e valores que produzem o reconhecimento e o pertencimento aos grupos. Este artigo resultado da pesquisa de Pós-Doutoramento no Diversitas Núcleo de Estudos das Diversidades, Intolerâncias e Conflitos da USP sob a supervisão da Profª Drª Zilda Márcia Grícoli Iokoi traz uma reflexão sobre a presença dos alunos estrangeiros na Rede Municipal de São Paulo, com destaque para os de origem boliviana matriculados na EMEF Infante Dom Henrique, localizada no bairro do Pari. Durante 16 meses o pesquisador acompanhou o cotidiano da escola e participou do Projeto Escola Apropriada: educação, cidadania e direitos humanos, que nesse texto é apresentado e discutido.
Leitura Menor
Authors: Mostafa Solange Puntel 
Published: February 2022

Três abordagens sobre o processo de leitura são apresentados: abordagem psicanalítica, abordagem fenomenológica e por último a esquizoanálise. Apresenta a criação do conceito filosófico ‘leitura menor’ mencionando tentativas anteriores de entender a leitura e a leitura em grupo (bibliometria) fora dos quadros da psicanálise e da fenomenologia hermenêutica. O processo de leitura visto pela psicanálise compreende a leitura como um processo catártico, acrescido de outras categorias psicanalíticas como introspeção ou projeção. Contrapondo-se à psicanálise surge a fenomenologia hermenêutica da estética da recepção, sendo ambas as abordagens populares no Brasil em várias áreas que tratam da leitura, como Letras, Psicologia ou Biblioteconomia. Enfatiza-se nesta reflexão a terceira abordagem trazida pela Filosofia da Diferença de Gilles Deleuze como mais uma opção a ser contemplada pelos estudiosos do tema.
Audiovideonota: o audiovisual como registro de um processo de criação em percurso
Authors: Silva Daniel Rojas da 
Published: February 2022

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo contextualizar a metodologia abordada na documentação de processo criativo de uma obra audiovisual. Baseados na metodologia de pesquisa autoetnográfica, observamos os registros audiovisuais captados como documentos de processo da criação específica. Relacionamos esta forma de registro ao modo fílmico dos filmes-diários, atentando à obra do cineasta Jonas Mekas, mais especificamente a seu curta ‘Song of Avignon’ (1998) e como seus filmes retratam e comprovam sua vida e seus processos. A partir de Lúcia Gouvea Pimentel refletimos sobre a criação em arte como possibilidade metodológica de pesquisa e com Cecília Salles referenciamos o processo de criação relatado e seus dispositivos às características comuns a tal instância da criação, assim caracterizando a pesquisa como estudo de caso do método escolhido como meio de registro.
Cardiovascular Effectiveness of Sodium‐Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐1 Receptor Agonists in Older Patients in Routine Clinical Care With or Without History of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases or Heart Failure
Authors: Htoo Phyo T. , Buse John , Cavender Matthew , Wang Tiansheng , Pate Virginia , Edwards Jess , Stürmer Til 
Published: February 2022

Background
Randomized trials demonstrate the cardioprotective effects of sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RA). We evaluated their relative cardiovascular effectiveness in routine care populations with a broad spectrum of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) or heart failure (HF).

Methods and Results
We identified Medicare beneficiaries from 2013 to 2017, aged >65 years, initiating SGLT2i (n=24 747) or GLP‐1RA (n=22 596) after a 1‐year baseline. On the basis of diagnoses during baseline, we classified patients into: (1) no HF or CVD, (2) HF but no CVD, (3) no HF but CVD, and (4) both HF and CVD. We identified hospitalized HF and atherosclerotic CVD outcomes from drug initiation until treatment changes, death, or disenrollment. We estimated propensity score–weighted 2‐year risk ratios (RRs) and risk differences, accounting for measured confounding, informative censoring, and competing risk. In patients with no CVD or HF, SGLT2i reduced the hospitalized HF risk compared with GLP‐1RA (propensity score–weighted RR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.43–0.96). The association was strongest in those who had HF but no CVD (RR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.25–0.85). The combined myocardial infarction, stroke, and mortality outcome risk was slightly higher for SGLT2i compared with GLP‐1RA in those without CVD or HF (RR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.09–1.56). The association was favorable toward SGLT2i in subgroups with a history of HF.

Conclusions
SGLT2i reduced the cardiovascular risk versus GLP‐1RA in patients with a history of HF but no CVD. Atherosclerotic CVD events were less frequent with GLP‐1RA in those without prior CVD or HF.
Association of Physical Activity and Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Outcomes in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Jung Mi‐Hyang , Yi Sang‐Wook , An Sang Joon , Youn Kwan‐Hyun , Yi Jee‐Jeon , Han Seongwoo , Ihm Sang‐Hyun , Jung Hae Ok , Youn Ho‐Joong , Ryu Kyu‐Hyung 
Published: February 2022

Background

To investigate the dose‐response association between physical activity and lower respiratory tract infection (
LoRI
) outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Methods and Results

Using the Korean National Health Insurance data, we identified individuals aged 18 to 99 years (mean age, 62.6±11.3 years; women, 49.6%) with cardiovascular disease who participated in health screening from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2012 (n=1 048 502), and were followed up until 2018 for mortality and until 2019 for hospitalization. Amount of physical activity was assessed using self‐reported questionnaires and categorized into 5 groups: 0 (completely sedentary), <500, 500 to 999, 1000 to 1499, and ≥1500 metabolic equivalents of task min/wk. After controlling for various confounders, adjusted hazard ratios (95% CIs) were 1.00 (reference), 0.74 (0.70–0.78), 0.66 (0.62–0.70), 0.52 (0.47–0.57), and 0.54 (0.49–0.60) for LoRI mortality, and 1.00 (reference), 0.84 (0.83–0.85), 0.77 (0.76–0.79), 0.72 (0.70–0.73), and 0.71 (0.69–0.73) for LoRI hospitalization among those engaging in physical activity of 0, <500, 500 to 999, 1000 to 1499, and ≥1500 metabolic equivalents of task min/wk, respectively. Assuming linear association between 0 and 2000 metabolic equivalents of task min/wk, each 500–metabolic equivalents of task min/wk increase of physical activity was associated with reduced LoRI mortality and hospitalization by 22% and 13%, respectively. The negative association was stronger in the older population than in the younger population (
P
for interaction <0.01).

Conclusions
In patients with cardiovascular disease, engaging in even a low level of physical activity was associated with a decreased risk of mortality and hospitalization from LoRI than being completely sedentary, and incremental risk reduction was observed with increased physical activity.
Redescriptions of two parasitic copepod species from the rudis rattail, Coryphaenoides rudis (Pisces, Macrouridae) from Taiwan
Authors: Cheng Yu-Rong , Liu Wei-Cheng , Chiang Wei-Chuan , Ho Hsuan-Ching , Chang Chih-Wei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Two parasitic copepods, Lateracanthus quadripedis Kabata & Gusev, 1966 and Parabrachiella annulata (Markevich, 1940) (Lernaeopodidae), were found on a deep-sea rudis rattail, Coryphaenoides rudis Günther, 1878 (Macrouridae) collected from the Xingang fishing port in Chenggong Town, Taitung County, in south-eastern Taiwan. Lateracanthus quadripedis was found attached to the walls of the branchial cavity of the fish, whereas P. annulata was collected from the body surface. This paper also provides a full description of these two copepod species to elucidate possible geographical variations in their morphology. Remarkably, our specimens of both copepods are more similar to those from the Galápagos Islands than to those from the Aleutian-Deep or Japan.
First record of Abludomelita klitinii (Amphipoda, Melitidae) from Japan
Authors: Tomikawa Ko , Sonoda Takeshi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Abludomelita klitinii Labay, 2016, which was originally described from the southwestern shelf of Sakhalin Island, was for the first time found in Japan. The Japanese population differs from the original description by the setation of the maxillae 1 and 2. A key to the Japanese species of Abludomelita is provided.
Tropiąc fakty. "Parweniusz z rodowodem" Jarosława Górskiego
Authors: Karwacka-Pastor Dorota 
Published: February 2022

Tracing Facts: Parweniusz z rodowodem [A Parvenu with a Pedigree] by Jarosław GórskiParweniusz z rodowodem [A Parvenu with a Pedigree] is a biography of Tadeusz Dołęga-Mostowicz, the most popular Polish writer of the interwar period. Jarosław Górski deals with the black legend of the writer, rumours and sensational hearsay about his life, which has been spread for years and which, as the biographer proves, has not been confirmed by facts. Górski carries out a thorough verification of vast source material and shows the writer’s figure in a new, surprising way. His study provides a fresh insight not only into Mostowicz’s life, but also into his art. Tropiąc fakty. Parweniusz z rodowodem Jarosława GórskiegoParweniusz z rodowodem to biografia najpopularniejszego pisarza dwudziestolecia międzywojennego, Tadeusza Dołęgi-Mostowicza. Jarosław Górski rozprawia się z czarną legendą pisarza, z plotkami i sensacyjnymi pogłoskami krążącymi latami na temat życia Mostowicza, które – jak udowadnia biograf – nie miały potwierdzenia w faktach. Górski dogłębnie weryfikuje ogromny materiał źródłowy i ukazuje postać pisarza w nowy, zaskakujący sposób. Jest to świeże spojrzenie nie tylko na życie, ale i twórczość Mostowicza.
Space–Time Variability of Summer Hydroclimate in the U.S. Prairie Pothole Region
Authors: Abel Benjamin D. , Rajagopalan Balaji , Ray Andrea J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) experiences considerable space–time variability in temperature and precipitation, and this variability is expected to increase. The PPR is sensitive to this variability—it plays a large role in the water availability of the region. Thousands of wetlands in the region, sometimes containing ponds, provide habitats and breeding grounds for various species. Many wildlife management decisions are planned and executed on subseasonal-to-seasonal time scales and would benefit from knowledge of seasonal conditions at longer lead times. Therefore, it is important to understand potential driving mechanisms and teleconnections behind space–time climate variability in the PPR. We performed principal component analysis on summer precipitation of the southeastern PPR (SEPPR) to determine the leading principal components (PCs) of variability. These PCs were used to establish teleconnections to large-scale climate variables and indices. They were also used to determine potential mechanisms driving the precipitation variability. There were teleconnections to Pacific and Atlantic Ocean sea surface temperatures (SST) resembling the Pacific decadal oscillation and El Niño–Southern Oscillation, low 500-hPa heights over the western United States, and the Palmer drought severity index over the SEPPR. A large-scale low pressure region over the northwestern United States and a pattern like the Great Plains low-level jet, observed in the 500- and 850-hPa heights and winds, are a potential mechanism of the precipitation variability by increasing precipitation during wet PC1 years. These findings can inform management actions to maintain and restore wildlife habitat and the resources used for those actions in the PPR.
Radiological Analysis of the Facial Recess: Impact on Posterior Tympanotomy Difficulty During Pediatric Cochlear Implantation
Authors: Elzayat Saad , Mandour Mahmoud , Elfarargy Haitham H. , Lotfy Rasha , Soltan Islam , Lotfy Ashraf , Margani Valerio , Covelli Edoardo , Monini Simonetta , Barbara Maurizio 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesWe analyzed several radiological features of the facial recess to correlate them with the intraoperative findings to highlight the most reliable predictors of posterior tympanotomy difficulty.Study DesignRetrospective observational cohort study.SettingMulticenter study at tertiary referral institutions.MethodsWe included 184 pediatric patients who underwent cochlear implantation through the posterior tympanotomy approach. The correlation was attempted between 8 radiological features in the preoperative high‐resolution computed tomography scan and intraoperative surgical difficulty.ResultsPosterior tympanotomy was straightforward in 136 (73.9%) patients. In contrast, it was challenging in 48 (26.1%) patients. The facial recess was aerated in 74.5% of patients. The mean (SD) posterior tympanotomy depth was 3.98 (0.867) mm. The mean (SD) chorda‐facial angle was 27.67° (3.406°). The mean (SD) chorda‐facial to stylomastoid length was 3.898 (0.6304) mm. The mean (SD) facial nerve second genu angle was 94.54° (6.631)°. Deep‐unaerated facial recess wall was associated with the most difficulty. There was a statistically significant difference in the unchallenging and challenging posterior tympanotomy groups regarding the surgical duration (P <. 0001).ConclusionsAccording to this analytic study, the chorda‐facial angle, the facial recess aeration, and the chorda‐facial to stylomastoid length were respectively the strongest preoperative radiological predictors of the surgical difficulty of posterior tympanotomy during cochlear implantation. Chorda‐facial angle <25.5° was associated with difficult posterior tympanotomy. The oblique parasagittal cut was essential for the radiological analysis of the facial recess.
Ten-Year Outcomes After Hip Arthroscopy in Patients With Femoroacetabular Impingement and Borderline Dysplasia
Authors: Beals Tim R. , Soares Rui W. , Briggs Karen K. , Day Hannah K. , Philippon Marc J. 
Published: February 2022

Background: The role of hip arthroscopy in the treatment of patients with borderline hip dysplasia is controversial and evolving. Purpose: To evaluate outcomes at a minimum 10-year follow-up in patients who underwent hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement in a hip with borderline dysplasia. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: All hips that underwent labral repair between June 2006 and March 2009 for femoroacetabular impingement with borderline dysplasia were included if they had a lateral center-edge angle of 20° to 25°, had primary hip arthroscopy for the diagnosis of femoroacetabular impingement, and were aged 18 to 70 years. Patients were excluded if they had previous hip surgery, avascular necrosis, or fracture. Kaplan-Meier survivorship was performed, with survivorship defined as avoidance of conversion to total hip arthroplasty (THA). Results: A total of 45 patients met the inclusion criteria, and 38 were contacted at a minimum 10 years postoperatively (84%; mean ± SD, 12 ± 1.3 years). There were 23 women and 15 men with an average age of 41 ± 9.6 years (range, 25-69). Twenty patients were ≥40 years of age. In this patient cohort, survivorship was 87% at 5 years and 79% at 10 years for conversion to THA. Of the 38 patients included, 9 were converted to THA (24%), and 3 required revision hip arthroscopy (7%). Patient age, Tönnis grade, microfracture of cartilage lesions, and Tönnis angle >15° were associated with conversion to THA. No statistically significant differences were found between those who underwent conversion to THA and those who did not regarding lateral center-edge angle, Sharp angle, or alpha angle. Significant improvements were seen at follow-up of 12 years (range, 10-13) for the modified Harris Hip Score (58 to 83; P = .002), Hip Outcome Score–Activities of Daily Living (70 to 87; P = .003), Hip Outcome Score–Sport (47 to 76; P = .004), and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (31 to 10; P = .001). At follow-up, >80% maintained the minimal clinically important difference for the Hip Outcome Score (Activities of Daily Living and Sport) with no differences between patients aged <40 and ≥40 years. Conclusion: Risk factors for conversion to THA after hip arthroscopy in the borderline dysplastic hip included older age, higher Tönnis grades, grade 4 chondral lesions that were microfractures, and Tönnis angle >15°. In those patients who did not convert to THA, improvement in outcome measures was seen at 10 years. Careful patient selection is critical to the success of this procedure.
Protective effect of rosuvastatin pretreatment against acute myocardial injury by regulating Nrf2, Bcl-2/Bax, iNOS, and TNF-α expressions affecting oxidative/nitrosative stress and inflammation
Authors: Sultan Faheem , Kaur Rajdeep , Tarfain Najeeb U , Mir Arshad H , Dumka Vinod K , Sharma Suresh K , Singh Saini Simrat P 
Published: February 2022

Cardiovascular disorders are the leading cause of death globally. Rosuvastatin is a member of statins (inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase) with many pleiotropic properties. This study investigated cardioprotective effects of rosuvastatin in isoprenaline-induced myocardial injury. Male rats were given rosuvastatin (1, 5, or 10 mg/kg, oral) daily for 1 week and on seventh and eighth day isoprenaline (150 mg/kg, subcutaneous) was given to induce cardiac injury. On ninth day, rats were euthanized and different samples were harvested for analysis. Isoprenaline administration resulted in increased cardiac mass, increased cardiac injury marker levels (cTnI, CK-MB, ALT, and AST), increased lipid/protein oxidation, and increased cardiac nitrite levels. It also decreased superoxide dismutase, CAT, GST, and glutathione reductase activities, and total antioxidant activity. Isoprenaline also increased TNF-α and IL-6 levels. Decreased mRNA expression of Nrf2 and Bcl-2 along with increased mRNA expression of Bax, eNOS and iNOS genes was observed in isoprenaline treated animals. Histopathological evaluations of rosuvastatin pre-treated groups showed reduction of myocardial necrosis. Pretreatment with rosuvastatin (5 and 10 mg/kg) reduced many of these pathological changes. The current study showed that rosuvastatin significantly reduces myocardial injury induced by isoprenaline.