bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arbitrators as a Legal Profession in The Alternative Role of Dispute Resolution in Indonesia
Authors: Muhammad Iqbal Baiquni  
Published: August 2022

The profession of arbitrator in Indonesia is a profession that has bright prospects for the present and the future. Based on Article 1 point 7 of Law No. 30 of 1999 concerning Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution, the arbitrator profession is one or more persons who are chosen by the parties to the dispute or appointed by the District Court or by the arbitration institution, to give a decision regarding a particular dispute. which has been resolved by arbitration. An absolute requirement for an arbitrator is a professional, this is closely related to the ethics of the legal profession in carrying out its duties and authorities. The professional position of the Arbitrator is as a private party who is given rights and obligations, authorities and responsibilities by the state (AAPS Law No. 30 of 1999). In this paper, the author uses the juridical-normative method with a statute approximation approach or a study of legislation. This paper reviews more deeply about the Arbitrator Profession within the scope of the Legal Profession.

Profesi Arbiter di Indonesia menjadi profesi yang mempunyai prospek cerah untuk masa sekarang hingga masa mendatang. Berdasarkan Pasal 1 angka 7 UU No.30 Tahun 1999 tentang Arbitrase dan Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa, profesi arbiter merupakan seorang atau lebih yang lebih yang dipilih oleh para pihak yang bersengketa atau yang ditunjuk oleh Pengadilan Negeri atau oleh lembaga arbitrase, untuk memberikan putusan mengenai sengketa tertentu yang diserahkan penyelesaiannya melalui arbitrase. Syarat mutlak dimiliki seorang arbiter adalah profesional, hal ini berkaitan erat dalam etika profesi hukum dalam melaksanakan tugas dan wewenangnya. Kedudukan profesi Arbiter adalah sebagai pihak swasta yang diberikan hak dan kewajiban, wewenang dan tanggung jawab oleh negara (UU AAPS). Dalam tulisan ini penulis menggunakan metode yuridis-normatif dengan pendekatan statute approch atau studi perundang-undangan. Tulisan ini mengulas lebih dalam tentang Profesi Arbiter dalam ruang lingkup Profesi Hukum.
Penggunaan Sapaan Pedagang Makanan di Lingkungan Kampus
Authors: Erfiani Baroroh Hilma 
Published: August 2022

This research is a sociolinguistic study conducted in a simple scope of a campus setting. It aims at understanding the pronominal address system that is used in business conversational settings between sellers-buyers and canteen owners and their employees, as well as the responses from the speakers i.e. both the buyers and canteen employees. The theory used to achieve the goal is Brown and Gilmanâ€™s theory of pronominal address forms (1972). The analysis on the seven ways used by sellers in addressing (1) students; (2) security officers; (3) sellers from their own/same hometown; (4) sellers from different hometowns; (5) parking attendants; (6) photocopy employees; and (7) cleaning service employees, revealed that â€˜addressing by name onlyâ€™ was used to address younger people that the sellers had known already, as well as for addressing people whom they considered close, while the words â€œMasâ€ (brother), â€œMbakâ€ (sister), Ibu (madam), and Bapak (mister) were used for addressing older people as honorific titles that are deemed more respectful. The findings confirmed one of the Indonesiansâ€™ typical â€œEasternâ€ values, which is the use of specific pronominal address words in day-to-day lives.

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dalam bidang sosiolinguistik, yang dilakukan di ruang lingkup yang sederhana yaitu di lingkungan kampus. Penelitian ini berusaha mengungkapkan sistem sapaan yang digunakan pada tuturan seputar kegiatan perdagangan, antara penjual-pembeli maupun antara pemilik kantin dengan pegawainya dan respon yang diberikan oleh petutur, baik itu pembeli maupun pegawai kantin. Teori yang digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut adalah teori tutur sapa Brown dan Gilman (1972). Dari tujuh analisis penggunaan sapaan pedangang kepada (1) mahasiswa; (2) satpam; (3) sesame pedagang sedaerah; (4) sesama pedagan lain daerah; (5) petugas parkir; (6) petugas fotokopi; dan (petugas cleaning service), ditemukan panggilan â€œnamaâ€ sapaan bagi yang lebih muda karena sudah mengenal dan sebagai sapaan langsung secara akrab, dan panggilan â€œMasâ€, â€œMbaâ€, â€œIbuâ€, dan â€œBapakâ€ bagi yang lebih tua karena untuk lebih menghormati. Hal ini sejalan dengan ciri khas budaya ketimuran orang Indonesia dan kata sapaan yang digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
Synergistic Activity of Rhamnolipid Biosurfactant and Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Fungal Origin Chitosan Against Phytopathogens
Authors: Karamchandani Bhoomika M. , Maurya Priya A. , Dalvi Sunil G. , Waghmode Samadhan , Sharma Deepansh , Rahman Pattanathu K. S. M. , Ghormade Vandana , Satpute Surekha K. 
Published: August 2022

Phytopathogens pose severe implications in the quantity and quality of food production by instigating several diseases. Biocontrol strategies comprising the application of biomaterials have offered endless opportunities for sustainable agriculture. We explored multifarious potentials of rhamnolipid-BS (RH-BS: commercial), fungal chitosan (FCH), and FCH-derived nanoparticles (FCHNPs). The high-quality FCH was extracted from Cunninghamella echinulata NCIM 691 followed by the synthesis of FCHNPs. Both, FCH and FCHNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, DLS, zeta potential, FTIR, SEM, and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA). The commercial chitosan (CH) and synthesized chitosan nanoparticles (CHNPs) were used along with test compounds (FCH and FCHNPs). SEM analysis revealed the spherical shape of the nanomaterials (CHNPs and FCHNPs). NTA provided high-resolution visual validation of particle size distribution for CHNPs (256.33 ± 18.80 nm) and FCHNPs (144.33 ± 10.20 nm). The antibacterial and antifungal assays conducted for RH-BS, FCH, and FCHNPs were supportive to propose their efficacies against phytopathogens. The lower MIC of RH-BS (256 μg/ml) was observed than that of FCH and FCHNPs (&gt;1,024 μg/ml) against Xanthomonas campestris NCIM 5028, whereas a combination study of RH-BS with FCHNPs showed a reduction in MIC up to 128 and 4 μg/ml, respectively, indicating their synergistic activity. The other combination of RH-BS with FCH resulted in an additive effect reducing MIC up to 128 and 256 μg/ml, respectively. Microdilution plate assay conducted for three test compounds demonstrated inhibition of fungi, FI: Fusarium moniliforme ITCC 191, FII: Fusarium moniliforme ITCC 4432, and FIII: Fusarium graminearum ITCC 5334 (at 0.015% and 0.020% concentration). Furthermore, potency of test compounds performed through the in vitro model (poisoned food technique) displayed dose-dependent (0.005%, 0.010%, 0.015%, and 0.020% w/v) antifungal activity. Moreover, RH-BS and FCHNPs inhibited spore germination (61–90%) of the same fungi. Our efforts toward utilizing the combination of RH-BS with FCHNPs are significant to develop eco-friendly, low cytotoxic formulations in future.
Mapping knowledge structure and themes trends of biodegradable Mg-based alloy for orthopedic application: A comprehensive bibliometric analysis
Authors: Zheng Zitian , Xu Wennan , Xu Yanan , Xue Qingyun 
Published: August 2022

Background: Since Lambotte and Payr first studied Mg-based alloys for orthopedics in 1900, the research of this field has finally ushered in vigorous development in the 21st century. From the perspective of quantitative analysis, this paper clearly demonstrated the global research trend from 2005 to 2021 by using bibliometrics and scientometric analysis.Methods: We obtained the publications from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. The bibliometric and scientometric analysis was conducted by using R software, CiteSpace software, VOSviewer software, Pajek software and Microsoft Excel program.Results: In total, 1921 publications were retrieved. It can be found that the number of publications is gradually increasing year by year. We can find that the most prolific countrie, institution and researcher are China, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Zheng Yufeng, respectively. The most influential journals in this field are Acta Biomaterialia and Biomaterials, with 16,511 and 12,314 total citations, respectively. By conducting the co-cited documents-based clustering analysis, 16 research hotspots and their representative studies have been identified. Besides, by conducting analysis of keywords, we divided the keyword citation bursts representing the development of the field into three stages.Conclusion: The number of researches on the biodegradable Mg-based alloys increased sharply all over the world in the 21st century. China has made significant progress in biodegradable Mg-based alloy research. More focus will be placed on osteogenic differentiation, fabrication, graphene oxide, antibacterial property, bioactive glass and nanocomposite, which may be the next popular topics in the field.
Encapsulation of berberine decorated ZnO nano-colloids into injectable hydrogel using for diabetic wound healing
Authors: Yin Xuechen , Fan Xiangyi , Zhou Zipeng , Li Qi 
Published: August 2022

Chronic wound healing in diabetic patients had been considered a major clinical challenge, so there was an urgent need to establish more effective treatment methods. In this study, we prepared berberine-modified ZnO nano-colloids hydrogel (ZnO-Ber/H) and evaluated its wound healing performance in a diabetic rat. The prepared ZnO-Ber/H had excellent moisturizing, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress abilities. In vitro, ZnO-Ber/H could effectively up-regulate antioxidant stress factors (Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1) by 4.65-fold, 2.49-fold, 2.56-fold, respectively. In vivo experiments have shown that ZnO-Ber/H could effectively improve the wound healing rate (92.9%) after 15 days of treatment. Meanwhile, the ability of anti-oxidative stress had also been verified in vivo. ZnO-Ber/H down-regulated inflammatory factor (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) by 72.8%, 55% and 71% respectively, up-regulated vascular related factors VEGF and CD31 by 3.9-fold and 3.2-fold by Western blot. At the same time, ZnO-Ber/H could promote the expression of EGFR and FGFR, thereby affecting the generation of new epithelial tissue. Based on extensive characterization and biological evaluation, ZnO-Ber/H was expected to be a potential candidate for promoting diabetic wound healing.
Alterations in the vaginal microbiota of patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes
Authors: Yan Chunmei , Hong Fanzhen , Xin Gang , Duan Shuhong , Deng Xiaohui , Xu Yongping 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundPreterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) is a common pregnancy complication. Yet, the main cause of PPROM remains poorly understood. In this study, we used 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology to identify the differences in vaginal microbiota between pregnant women with PPROM and those who delivered at term.MethodsVaginal samples were collected from 48 patients with PPROM and 54 age- and gestational age-matched pregnant women who delivered at term (controls). The vaginal microbiota of the two groups was compared using 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the V3-V4 regions.ResultsThe vaginal microbial composition of the PPROM group was significantly different from that of the control group. Our results showed that the diversity of vaginal microbiota in patients with PPROM increased compared with controls. The relative abundance of Lactobacillus iners, Gardnerella vaginalis, Prevotella bivia, Ochrobactrum sp., Prevotella timonensis, and Ureaplasma parvum were more abundant in patients with PPROM, while Lactobacillus crispatus and Lactobacillus gasseri were more abundant in controls. Ochrobactrum sp., Prevotella timonensis, and Gardnerella vaginalis, could serve as biomarkers for PPROM. Finally, we proposed several metabolic pathways, including PWY-6339, PWY-6992, and PWY-7295.ConclusionPPROM is characterized by vaginal microbial dysbiosis. The dysbiotic vaginal microbiota signatures in patients with PPROM include a higher bacterial diversity, decreased autochthonous bacteria, and increased pathogenic bacteria. These results may be beneficial for developing biomarkers for screening and early diagnosis of PPROM and may provide effective preventative treatments.
Outer membrane vesicles of Porphyromonas gingivalis trigger NLRP3 inflammasome and induce neuroinflammation, tau phosphorylation, and memory dysfunction in mice
Authors: Gong Ting , Chen Qi , Mao Hongchen , Zhang Yao , Ren Huan , Xu Mengmeng , Chen Hong , Yang Deqin 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundPorphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), the keystone pathogen in chronic periodontitis, is reported to initiate Alzheimer’s disease pathologies in preclinical studies. However, the specific mechanisms and signaling pathways acting on the brain still need to be further explored. Outer membrane vesicles are derived from Gram-negative bacteria and contain many virulence factors of bacteria. We hypothesized that outer membrane vesicles are an important weapon of Porphyromonas gingivalis to initiate Alzheimer’s disease pathologies.MethodsThe outer membrane vesicles of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg OMVs, 4 mg/kg) or saline were delivered to 14-month-old mice by oral gavage every other day for eight weeks. Behavioral alterations were assessed by the open field test, Morris water maze, and Y-maze test. Blood–brain barrier permeability, neuroinflammation, tau phosphorylation, and NLRP3 inflammasome-related protein were analyzed.ResultsPg OMVs impaired memory and learning ability of mice and decreased tight junction–related gene expression ZO-1, occludin, claudin-5, and occludin protein expression in the hippocampus. Pg OMVs could be detected in the hippocampus and cortex three days after oral gavage. Furthermore, Pg OMVs activated both astrocytes and microglia and elevated IL-1β, tau phosphorylation on the Thr231 site, and NLRP3 inflammasome–related protein expression in the hippocampus. In in vitro studies, Pg OMV (5 µg/ml) stimulation increased the mRNA and immunofluorescence of NLRP3 in BV2 microglia, which were significantly inhibited by the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950. In contrast, the tau phosphorylation in N2a neurons was enhanced after treatment with conditioned media from Pg OMV-stimulated microglia, which was attenuated after pretreatment with MCC950.ConclusionsThese results indicate that Pg OMVs prompt memory dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and tau phosphorylation and trigger NLRP3 inflammasome in the brain of middle-aged mice. We propose that Pg OMVs play an important role in activating neuroinflammation in the AD-like pathology triggered by Porphyromonas gingivalis, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation is a possible mechanism.
A nomogram risk prediction model for no-reflow after primary percutaneous coronary intervention based on rapidly accessible patient data among patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and its relationship with prognosis
Authors: Liu Yehong , Ye Ting , Chen Ke , Wu Gangyong , Xia Yang , Wang Xiao , Zong Gangjun 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundNo-reflow occurring after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) can increase the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). The present study aimed to construct a nomogram prediction model that can be quickly referred to before surgery to predict the risk for no-reflow after PCI in STEMI patients, and to further explore its prognostic utility in this patient population.MethodsResearch subjects included 443 STEMI patients who underwent primary PCI between February 2018 and February 2021. Rapidly available clinical data obtained from emergency admissions were collected. Independent risk factors for no-reflow were analyzed using a multivariate logistic regression model. Subsequently, a nomogram for no-reflow was constructed and verified using bootstrap resampling. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the discrimination ability of the nomogram model and a calibration curve was used to assess the concentricity between the model probability curve and ideal curve. Finally, the clinical utility of the model was evaluated using decision curve analysis.ResultsThe incidence of no-reflow was 18% among patients with STEMI. Killip class ≥2 on admission, pre-operative D-dimer and fibrinogen levels, and systemic immune–inflammation index (SII) were independent risk factors for no-reflow. A simple and quickly accessible prediction nomogram for no-reflow after PCI was developed. This nomogram demonstrated good discrimination, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.716. This nomogram was further validated using bootstrapping with 1,000 repetitions; the C-index of the bootstrap model was 0.706. Decision curve analysis revealed that this model demonstrated good fit and calibration and positive net benefits. Kaplan–Meier survival curve analysis revealed that patients with higher model scores were at a higher risk of MACE. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that higher model score(s) was an independent predictor of MACE (hazard ratio 2.062; P = 0.004).ConclusionsA nomogram prediction model that can be quickly referred to before surgery to predict the risk for no-reflow after PCI in STEMI patients was constructed. This novel nomogram may be useful in identifying STEMI patients at higher risk for no-reflow and may predict prognosis in this patient population.
Risk factors for COVID-19 case fatality rate in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A nationwide retrospective cohort study of 235,248 patients in the Russian Federation
Authors: Shestakova M. V. , Vikulova O. K. , Elfimova A. R. , Deviatkin A. A. , Dedov I. I. , Mokrysheva N. G. 
Published: August 2022

The aimTo study the association of demographic, clinical, and laboratory factors and the use of glucose-lowering drugs and anti-coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccination with the COVID-19-related case fatality rate (CFR) in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients.MethodsThis study is a nationwide observational cohort study based on the data from the National Diabetes Register (NDR) that is the database containing online clinical information about the population with DM. The outcomes (death or recovery) for COVID-19 were registered in 235,248 patients with DM [type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), n = 11,058; type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), n = 224,190] from March 20, 2020, until November 25, 2021. The unadjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to estimate the risk factors for CFR. Then the ranging of significant factors was performed and the most vulnerable groups of factors for the lethal outcome were chosen.ResultsThe CFR due to COVID-19 was 8.1% in T1DM and 15.3% in T2DM. Increased CFR was associated with the male population [OR = 1.25 (95% CI: 1.09–1.44) in T1DM and 1.18 (95% CI: 1.15–1.21) in T2DM], age ≥65 years [OR = 4.44 (95% CI: 3.75–5.24) in T1DM and 3.18 (95% CI: 3.09–3.26) in T2DM], DM duration ≥10 years [OR = 2.46 (95% CI: 2.06–2.95) in T1DM and 2.11 (95% CI: 2.06–2.16) in T2DM], body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 [OR = 1.95 (95% CI: 1.52–2.50)] in T1DM, HbA1c ≥7% [OR = 1.35 (95% CI: 1.29–1.43)] in T2DM. The atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) were associated with higher CFR in T1DM but not in T2DM. The pre-COVID-19 glucose-lowering therapy in T2DM was differently associated with CFR (OR): 0.61 (95% CI: 0.59–0.62) for metformin, 0.59 (95% CI: 0.57–0.61) for dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4 inhibitors), 0.46 (95% CI: 0.44–0.49) for sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, 0.38 (95% CI: 0.29–0.51) for glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (arGLP-1), 1.34 (95% CI: 1.31–1.37) for sulfonylurea (SU), and 1.47 (95% CI: 1.43–1.51) for insulin. Anti-COVID-19 vaccination was associated with a lower fatality risk in both DM types: OR = 0.07 (95% CI: 0.03–0.20) in T1DM and OR = 0.19 (95% CI: 0.17–0.22) in T2DM.ConclusionsThe results of our study suggest that increased COVID-19-related fatality risk in both T1DM and T2DM patients associated with the male population, older age, longer DM duration, and absence of anti-COVID-19 vaccination. In T2DM, pre-COVID-19 glucose-lowering therapy with metformin, DPP-4 inhibitors, SGLT2 inhibitors, and arGLP-1 had a positive effect on the risk of death. The most vulnerable combination of risk factors for lethal outcome in both DM types was vaccine absence + age ≥65 years + DM duration ≥10 years.
Prevalence and risk factors of vascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Results from discover Middle East and Africa cohort
Authors: Hafidh Khadija , Malek Rachid , Al-Rubeaan Khalid , Kok Adri , Bayram Fahri , Echtay Akram , Rajadhyaksha Viraj , Hadaoui Ahmed 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundWe evaluated the prevalence of vascular complications and associated risk factors in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) initiating second-line glucose-lowering therapy from the Middle East and Africa (MEA) cohort of the 3-year prospective DISCOVER study involving 15,992 patients in 38 countries.MethodsBaseline cross-sectional data collected from healthcare settings were used to assess micro and macrovascular complications prevalence as crude and age- and sex-standardised. The multi‐variable analysis assessed factors associated with these complications.ResultsOf 3,525 enrolled patients (mean age: 54.3 ± 10.8 years), &gt;40% had hypertension and hyperlipidaemia. Metformin monotherapy was the first-line therapy in 56.5%, followed by metformin+sulphonylurea (20.3%). Crude and standardised prevalence of microvascular complications were 17.7% and 16.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 16.77‐16.98) and macrovascular complications were 10.7% and 8.7% (95% CI, 8.59–8.76). Factors significantly (p&lt;0.05) associated with micro and macrovascular complications (odds ratios [95% CI]) were age (1.24 [1.12–1.39] and 1.58 [1.35–1.84]), male sex (1.33 [1.04‐1.70] and 1.71 [1.22–2.40]), hyperlipidaemia (1.33 [1.07-1.65] and 1.96 [1.46-2.63]) and hypertension (1.75 [1.40–2.19] and 2.84 [2.07-3.92]).ConclusionA substantial burden of vascular complications with prominent risk factors in the MEA cohort calls for early preventive interventions.