bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methods and operational aspects of human‐centred design into research processes for individuals with multiple chronic conditions: A survey study
Authors: Han Hae‐Ra , Lee Ji Won , Saylor Martha Abshire , Parisi Jeanine M. , Hornstein Erika , Agarwalla Vidisha , Jajodia Anushka , Li Qiwei , Weikert Mike , Davidson Patricia M. , Szanton Sarah L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimTo examine ways in which human‐centred design was integrated into a nursing school's research processes involving individuals with multiple chronic conditions.DesignCross‐sectional survey study.MethodsThree surveys were sent out, with surveys 1 and 2 involving faculty who had worked closely with design strategists and survey 3 as a school‐wide survey eliciting experience with human‐centred design, respectively.ResultsSurvey respondents (n = 7 for surveys 1 and 2 and n = 36 for survey 3) had no or minimal experience with human‐centred design. Faculty respondents indicated it helped engaging various stakeholders, particularly in intervention development. Key lessons learned included: (1) the importance of designer involvement from study conception, (2) distinguishing a design strategist's skillset from strictly visual design, (3) challenges during the ethical review processes, and (4) sustainability of resources. The dynamic approach of human‐centred design has benefited our efforts to advance the science of caring for individuals with multiple chronic conditions.
Finding balance: understanding the energetics of time‐restricted feeding in mice
Authors: Gallop Molly R. , Tobin Selene Y. , Chaix Amandine 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOver the course of mammalian evolution, the ability to store energy likely conferred a survival advantage when food became scarce. A long‐term increase in energy storage results from an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure, two tightly regulated parameters that generally balance out to maintain a fairly stable body weight. Understanding the molecular determinants of this feat likely holds the key to new therapeutic development to manage obesity and associated metabolic dysfunctions. Time‐restricted feeding (TRF), a dietary intervention that limits feeding to the active phase, can prevent and treat obesity and metabolic dysfunction in rodents fed a high‐fat diet, likely by exerting effects on energetic balance. Even when body weight is lower in mice on active‐phase TRF, food intake is generally isocaloric as compared with ad libitum fed controls. This discrepancy between body weight and energy intake led to the hypothesis that energy expenditure is increased during TRF. However, at present, there is no consensus in the literature as to how TRF affects energy expenditure and energy balance as a whole, and the mechanisms behind metabolic adaptation under TRF are unknown. This review examines our current understanding of energy balance on TRF in rodents and provides a framework for future studies to evaluate the energetics of TRF and its molecular determinants.image
Altered sensory integration from body and language development in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Yoshimura Yuko , Hasegawa Chiaki , Tanaka Sanae , Ikeda Takashi , Yaoi Ken , Iwasaki Sumie , An Kyung‐min , Kikuchi Mitsuru 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimAlthough atypical sensory motor processing has been investigated in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), whether or not atypical sensory motor processing is related to altered language function in children with ASD remains unclear.MethodsThis study examined the relationship between sensory motor processing and language conceptual inference ability in 3–10‐year‐old children with (n = 61) and without (n = 114) ASD. Language performance was assessed using the language conceptual inference task of the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K‐ABC). Sensory processing was assessed using the Caregiver Sensory Profile.ResultsIn children with ASD, altered processing of the fine motor/perceptual factor scored by sensory profile was found to be significantly related to language conceptual inference ability in the K‐ABC, representing the integrated abilities of language comprehension and language expression, which reflect language semantic concept formation.ConclusionsFor children with ASD, the results suggest a relationship between difficulties of integrating sensory information perceived from the body adjusting fine movement and deficiencies of language semantic conceptual formation.
Blood MAPT expression and methylation status in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Mori Hiroaki , Yoshino Yuta , Ueno Mariko , Funahashi Yu , Kumon Hiroshi , Ozaki Yuki , Yamazaki Kiyohiro , Ochi Shinichiro , Iga Jun‐ichi , Ueno Shu‐ichi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate the expression levels and methylation status of microtubule‐associated protein tau (MAPT) in the blood of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls.MethodsFifty AD outpatients and 50 healthy contorls were enrolled. Blood samples were collected for processing of complementary DNA and genomic DNA. MAPT messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression was analyzed by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The methylation rates of four cytosine‐phosphate‐guanine (CpG) sites in the upstream region of MAPT exon1 were evaluated by the pyrosequencing method.ResultsNo significant differences in MAPT mRNA expression levels were found between AD and control subjects (AD 0.97 ± 0.49 vs. control 1.0 ± 0.64, p = 0.62). MAPT mRNA expression levels were not correlated with any other clinical characteristics or results of psychological tests. MAPT mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in AD subjects treated with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AchEIs) (n = 25) than in subjects not treated with AChEIs (n = 25) (unmedicated 0.83 ± 0.33 vs. medicated 1.12 ± 0.59, p = 0.049). The AD subjects did not differ from the control subjects in methylation rates at selected CpG sites. MAPT methylation status were not correlated with clinical characteristics, the results of psychological tests, or MAPT mRNA expression.ConclusionMAPT mRNA expression levels and methylation status in blood do not appear useful as biomarkers for AD or the examined CpG sites were not genetically significant for MAPT gene expression or AD pathology. However, AChEIs may alter MAPT mRNA expression. Further studies are needed to explore blood biomarkers that can discriminate AD patients from controls.
How do young people with a hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome understand and experience cancer survivorship? “With Li‐Fraumeni syndrome, it’s just an intermission”
Authors: Werner‐Lin Allison , Forbes Shepherd Rowan , Rising Camella J. , Thompson Ashley S. , Huelsnitz Chloe , Wilsnack Catherine , Boyd Patrick , Sleight Alix G. , Hutson Sadie , Khincha Payal P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesAdolescents and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors face unique medical and psychosocial sequalae, including chronic health conditions, late effects of treatment and fear of recurrence. The meaning of cancer survivorship may be further complicated for AYAs with hereditary cancer predisposition syndromes. This study used a patient‐centered framework to investigate how AYAs with Li‐Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) consider cancer survivorship.MethodsAn interprofessional team conducted 30 semi‐structured interviews with AYAs (aged 18–41, mean 31 years) enrolled in the National Cancer Institute's LFS Study (NCT01443468). Twenty had experienced at least one cancer diagnosis. Interview data were thematically analyzed by an inter‐professional team using interpretive description and grounded theory methods.FindingsParticipants viewed “survivorship” as a period marked by no evidence of formerly diagnosed disease. By contrast, participants felt the label “survivor” was tenuous since LFS is characterized by multiple primary malignancies and uncertainty about intervals between one diagnosis and the next. Many AYAs viewed survivorship as requiring a high degree of suffering. Though many personally rejected “survivor” identities, almost all articulated its various functions including positive, negative, and more complicated connotations. Instead, they chose language to represent a range of beliefs about survival, longevity, prognosis, and activism.ConclusionsAYAs with LFS struggle with the term “survivor” due to their multi‐organ cancer risk, short intervals between malignancies, and evolving identities. Loved ones' cancer‐related suffering informed perspectives on survivorship. Survivorship care for AYAs with cancer risk syndromes requires interprofessional interventions that address their unique biomedical and psychosocial needs.
Towards dsRNA‐integrated protection of medical Cannabis crops: considering human safety, recent‐ and developing RNAi methods, and research inroads
Authors: Willow Jonathan , Silva Ana I. , Taning Clauvis Nji Tizi , Smagghe Guy , Veromann Eve 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOwing to the expanding industry of medical Cannabis, we discuss recent milestones in RNA interference (RNAi)‐based crop protection research and development that are transferable to medical Cannabis cultivation. Recent and prospective increases in pest pressure in both indoor and outdoor Cannabis production systems, and the need for effective nonchemical pest control technologies (particularly crucial in the context of cultivating plants for medical purposes), are discussed. We support the idea that developing RNAi tactics towards protection of medical Cannabis could play a major role in maximizing success in this continuously expanding industry. However, there remain critical knowledge gaps, especially with regard to RNA pesticide biosafety from a human toxicological viewpoint, as a result of the medical context of Cannabis product use. Furthermore, efforts are needed to optimize transformation and micropropagation of Cannabis plants, examine cutting edge RNAi techniques for various Cannabis–pest scenarios, and investigate the combined application of RNAi‐ and biological control tactics in medical Cannabis cultivation. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
On input‐to‐state stability Lyapunov functions for mechanical systems
Authors: Aleksandrov Alexander , Efimov Denis , Dashkovskiy Sergey 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFor two canonical models of mechanical systems with disturbances presented by Rayleigh‐ and Liénard‐type equations, several designs of Lyapunov functions are investigated. Under given restrictions, the existence of these functions implies global or local input‐to‐state stability property for the systems. The proposed stability conditions are constructive, which is demonstrated in applications.
Environmental sustainability in South Africa: Understanding the criticality of economic policy uncertainty, fiscal decentralization, and green innovation
Authors: Udeagha Maxwell Chukwudi , Muchapondwa Edwin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSouth Africa, like most developing nations, is confronted with choosing between the need to advance their economy and the need to protect the environment. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN‐SDGs‐7, 11, 12 & 13) provide a strong foundation for this investigation. To this end, the current research investigates the combined impacts of economic policy uncertainty, fiscal decentralization, and green innovation on environmental sustainability for the instance of South Africa with yearly frequency data from 1960 to 2020. The current research leverages on dynamic ordinary least squares, fully modified ordinary least squares, and canonical cointegration regression. The Maki cointegration test shows how the variables being evaluated have an equilibrium connection across the time period under review. Empirical findings support the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) framework. These findings imply that, in the first stages of economic expansion, ecological environment is being sacrificed for economic progress (scale stage). Based on the EKC hypothesis, long‐term quadratic economic growth reduces emissions by 0.162% whereas a 1% rise in economic growth increases emissions by 0.791%. Similar to this, long‐term economic globalization and economic policy uncertainty impair ecological sustainability, whereas long‐term fiscal decentralization and green innovation raise it in South Africa. These results have broad environmental repercussions. The present investigation supported environmental stick measures and investment in initiatives on a fundamental change from fossil‐fuel energy consumption base to renewables. The final portion highlights further insights.
Temperature dependence of the work function in barium fluoride ultra‐thin films on semiconductors for hybrid thermionic converters studied by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy
Authors: Bolli Eleonora , Mezzi Alessio , Kaciulis Saulius , Serpente Valerio , Bellucci Alessandro , Trucchi Daniele M. 
Published: December 2022

Thin films based on barium fluoride (BaFx) have demonstrated the capability to reduce the work function of photovoltaic (PV) anodes in hybrid thermionic devices for the conversion of thermal‐to‐electrical energy. Because PV anodes integrated in thermionic converters can operate at temperatures higher than room temperature, in this study, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) were used to investigate the temperature dependence up to 300°C of the chemical and physical properties of BaFx thin‐films, deposited on gallium arsenide and silicon, that represent possible candidates for PV anodes. A correlation between chemical composition and work function reduction by 0.5 ± 0.1 eV for the thin films on both GaAs and Si has been found as a function of temperature from room temperature to 300°C. According to XPS analyses, this effect can be ascribable to the thermal desorption of the first contaminated layers of BaFx coatings.
CoS2/MoS2 Hollow Heterostructure as High‐efficiency Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Xiong Jiabin , Cao Zhenyu , Wang Huicheng , Ban Dingding , Zhou Ziqing , Li Yanqiang , Chen Siru 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDeveloping high‐efficiency bifunctional electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) to realize low‐cost water splitting is the premise for large‐scale production of hydrogen. The catalytic activity of an electrocatalysts greatly depends on its composition and structure. In this work, we report the preparation of hollow CoS2/MoS2 heterostructure using ZIF‐67 as the precursor. The ratio of Co and Mo are optimized to maximize the synergy of CoS2 and MoS2, due to their specific catalytic activity for OER and HER. The optimized CoS2/MoS2 exhibits good bifunctional catalytic activity in view of its low overpotentials for HER (170 mV) and OER (270 mV), as well as small cell voltage of 1.66 V for overall water splitting. This work provides a facile strategy to controllable fabrication of efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for renewable energy applications.
Nickel Supported on Multilayer Vanadium Carbide for Dry Reforming of Methane
Authors: Huang Nongfeng , Su Tongming , Qin Zuzeng , Ji Hongbing 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA multilayer vanadium carbide MXene (m‐V2C) was used as a robust oxy‐carbide support to prepare a series of Ni/m‐V2O3‐V2C catalysts with various Ni amounts by an impregnation method and used for dry reforming of methane (DRM). The results show that the Ni addition increases the catalyst alkalinity, and the interaction between the Ni metal and m‐V2C increases with increasing Ni amount. Ni/m‐V2O3‐V2C with a Ni amount of 13 wt% showed optimal CH4 and CO2 conversions of 94 % and 89 %, respectively. In addition, 13Ni/m‐V2O3‐V2C exhibits excellent catalytic stability and anti‐coking ability in a 90‐hour stability test, which is attributed to the strong metal‐support interaction. In situ DRIFTS analysis showed that methane activated on the Ni particles generates CHx and H, while CO2 interacts with m‐V2O3‐V2C to form carbonates on Ni/m‐V2O3‐V2C; carbonate species come into contact with methane pyrolysis products and quickly form formate species, which are further decomposed into CO.
Effect of sewage on compressive strength and geometric texture of the surface of concrete elements
Authors: Witkowska‐Dobrev Joanna , Szlachetka Olga , Malarski Maciej , Czajkowska Justyna , Miturski Maciej , Nowak Piotr , Dohojda Marek 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the results of a study on the compressive strength, weight loss, surface roughness, elemental analysis and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) measurement after 270 days of seasoning concrete cubes measuring 100 × 100 × 100 mm in solutions of sewage from the post‐grit chamber as well as sewage from the activated sludge chamber in three different environments, that is, acidic, neutral, and alkaline. The value of the compressive strength of the samples stored in the tested environments varied depending on the type of the tested wastewater and its pH in relation to the control sample. The most influence on compressive strength was acidic environment—the decrease was approximately 12.7% in the post‐grit chamber and 9.5% in the activated sludge chamber. Samples which had been seasoned in the post‐grid chamber were characterized by UPVs ranging from 4805.3 to 4864.6 m/s. Samples seasoned in an activated sludge chamber achieved UPVs ranging from 4689.7 to 4778.9 m/s. The average relative error between the compressive strength values calculated from the ultrasonic method according formula (3) and the measured values does not exceed 4%. The conclusions from the 3D measurements of roughnesses show that parameters Ra, Rz, Sa, and Sq are the most reliable in assessing the roughness intensity of corrosion damage of concrete caused by sewage. Elemental analysis proved that in the acidic pH solution of sewage from the post‐grit chamber, the presence of calcium was not identified at any of the points tested.
Wildlife friendly fence designs and elk fence crossing behavior
Authors: Visscher Darcy R. , Macleod Ian , Janzen Michael , Visser Kaitlyn , Lekas Sander , Vujnovic Ksenija , Vujnovic Dragomir 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFencing is a ubiquitous feature of our agricultural landscape. Fences necessarily have the potential to reduce habitat connectivity for resident ungulate populations. Unsuccessful fence crossings have the potential to cause injury or death to wildlife, as well as resulting in damage to the fence in terms of time and maintenance costs. Wildlife friendly fence designs may provide landowners and ungulate managers the opportunity to mitigate risks associated with wildlife crossings. Using remote cameras (n = 12) along the perimeter fence of the Wainwright Dunes Ecological Reserve, Alberta, we quantified and compared elk crossing behaviors at standard 4 strand fences and gates as well as 3 strand fences and gates both with experimentally modified top and bottom strand heights. We found that wildlife friendly designs promoted behavioral options for elk of various demographic classes to cross fences. Our results suggest that the number of strands and the height of the top and bottom strand are important determinants for animals deciding to cross over, through, or under fences. While difficult or problematic crossings were primarily determined by how the individual crossed and made up a proportionally small number of crossings, the sheer volume of crossings we observed suggests that any modification which increases fence permeability to elk will likely result in less damage to fences and the crossing individuals.
A low‐pressure compressed air insecticide applicator to manage plague on prairie dog colonies using all‐terrain vehicles
Authors: Tripp Daniel W. , Sullivan Amy E. , Sack Danielle A. , Emslie Alexis C. , Drake Maximilian K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVector control is an important tool for plague management in native wildlife such as prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.) and black‐footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes). Given the success of previous prototype high‐pressure air (HPA) dusters, we developed a low‐pressure air (LPA) duster that can be mounted on and powered via all‐terrain vehicle (ATV). We describe the duster prototype and compare performance to commercially available dusters and previous high‐pressure air dusters. In 2021, we infused 0.05% deltamethrin (dust) into black‐tailed prairie dogs burrows (C. ludovicianus) in Larimer County, Colorado. We then captured prairie dogs and compared flea abundance and prevalence on a site dusted with prototype LPA dusters to a non‐dusted site. The mean amount of dust (g) dispensed per burrow was higher using the LPA duster ( = 6.37, 95% CI = 6.24–6.50) from ATVs when compared to HPA prototypes ( = 5.39, 95% CI = 5.27–5.52, P ≤ 0.01) and the commercial dusters used previously ( = 5.29, 95% CI = 5.05–5.50). Low‐pressure air and HPA dusters had shorter operating time than the commercial dusters (1 second per burrow versus  = 7.69, 95% CI = 7.42–7.95, P ≤ 0.01). Mean flea abundance and prevalence of flea infestation in 2021 was lower on the site dusted with prototype LPA dusters ( = 0.13 fleas, 95% CI = 0.00–0.31, prevalence = 0.065) than on a non‐dusted site ( = 8.61 fleas, 95% CI = 6.05–11.17, P ≤ 0.01, prevalence = 1.0). The LPA dusters offer several advantages over previous duster designs, including continuously generated low‐pressure compressed air, a durable build, and efficient operation from ATVs. Future work should focus on calibration at higher doses of dust and assessment of larger air tanks and more durable fuse systems. Accurate and efficient equipment along with quality control monitoring are vital to the ongoing success of vector control as a plague management tool.
Teaching Transformative Service Learning
Authors: Schank Christoph , Halberstadt Jantje 
Published: December 2022

AbstractService learning describes an increasingly established form of teaching and learning at universities combining academic learning with real-world problem solving. While traditional approaches work within existing social systems and, in the worst case, reproduce and perpetuate social problems, critical and transformative approaches aim at systemic changes in social practice, while showing their potential to address sustainability entrepreneurial competences that are key for (future) agents of transformation. This understanding of service learning challenges students and lecturers, and requires a structured, well-thought-out pathway. Our chapter introduces transformative service learning as a promising approach for entrepreneurship (oriented) education. The argumentation for it is competence-oriented while focusing on the abilities that can promote sustainable development. In addition, the chapter addresses the role of the lecturer, which to date has been rarely and very unsystematically examined. The paper also proposes the specific service learning IOOI tool that aims to support lecturers, especially in the early stages of service learning courses, and help streamline programs.