bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrats commerciaux maritimes des marchands du Nord-Ouest atlantique portugais au début de l’époque moderne
Authors: Marques José , Cristina Cunha Maria , João Oliveira Silva Maria 
Published: July 2022

Il est possible que l’extension de l’espace commercial portugais et la multiplication des situations nécessitant la rédaction des contrats ayant une valeur juridique incontestable aient été rapidement accompagnés, au XVe siècle, de l’augmentation de la production documentaire. Cependant, du point de vue de la conservation documentaire, seuls des registres notariés du début de l’époque moderne ont survécu d’une façon plus ou moins systématique. Sur la base des registres des tabellions de la fin du XVIe siècle, les auteurs juridiques des actes liés au commerce national et international, ainsi que la finalité et les fonctions juridiques de ces documents sont analysés. Étant donné l’absence au Portugal d’études consacrées à la documentation commerciale, une première approche typologique des actes de commerce est ici fournie dans le cadre du système documentaire des XVe et XVIe siècles, accompagnée d’une réflexion sur certaines questions générales et fondamentales.
It is possible that along the XVth century, the extension of the Portuguese commercial space as well as the increasing number of situations requiring the drafting of contracts with legal value, went together with the increasing of the production of documents. However, from the point of view of document’s conservation, only the notarial books of the early modern period survived more or less systematically. Having the late XVIth century notarial books as a basis for work, the granters, the purpose and legal functions of acts related to national and international trade are analyzed. Given the absence in Portugal of studies devoted to commercial documentation, a first approach is taken to the typology of commercial acts within the framework of the documentary system of the XVth and XVIth centuries. This analysis is supplemented by a reflection on certain general questions and background.
Los documentos del comercio con América y los protocolos notariales de Sevilla (1500-1550)
Authors: Luisa Domínguez-Guerrero Maria , Ostos-Salcedo Pilar 
Published: July 2022

Durante el siglo XVI, debido al sistema de monopolio instaurado por los Reyes Católicos en 1503, Sevilla se convirtió en el único puerto desde el que podían partir las naves que comunicarían la Metrópoli con las nuevas tierras americanas. Fue ante los escribanos públicos de esta ciudad donde se llevaron a cabo la mayor parte de los contratos entre los distintos protagonistas del comercio con América: banqueros, mercaderes, dueños y capitanes de navíos, marineros, artesanos, etc. A través del análisis de los fondos notariales de estos escribanos públicos, este trabajo se adentra en los distintos tipos documentales que fueron empleados para el comercio americano, describiendo sus características principales y su frecuencia de aparición en los registros notariales.Along the XVIth century, due to the monopolist system established by the Catholic Monarchs in 1503, Sevilla became the only port allowed to send and receive ships travelling to the New World. Therefore, the public notaries in the city where responsible for most notarized documents made by people involved in the American trade: bankers, merchants, owners and captains of ships, sailors, artisans, etc. Through the analysis of the notarial sources from these public scribes, this paper delves on the different notarized documents used for the American commerce, describing its main characteristics and the frequency with which these documents appear in the public registers.
Misdiagnosis Features of Ancient Clinical Records Based on Apriori Algorithm
Authors: Yu Ling 
Published: July 2022

Objective:
To analyze misdiagnosis features in clinical cases of “Classified Medical Cases of Famous Physicians” and “Supplement to Classified Case Records of Celebrated Physicians.”

Materials and Methods:
Two hundred and five ancient misdiagnosed cases were analyzed in aspects of locations (exterior-interior type, qi-blood type and Zang-Fu organs type) and patterns (heat-cold type and deficiency-excess type) by Apriori Algorithm Method.

Results:
The main types of misdiagnosis in those medical casesare as follows:: Zang-Fu location misjudgment, misjudging the interior as the exterior, misjudging deficiency pattern as excess pattern, and misjudging cold pattern as heat pattern. Among them, the most outstanding type is the misjudgment of deficiency–cold pattern as excess–heat pattern.

Conclusions:
(1) Accurate judgment of location and differentiation of deficiency and excess patterns are the key points in diagnosing the diseases correctly. The confusion of true deficiency–cold and pseudo-excess–heat pattern should be taken seriously. (2) Data mining on ancient clinical cases offers a new methodology for assisting clinical diagnosis of traditional Chinese medicine.
Determining the frailty status in patients who apply for home health care
Authors: ERDEM SANCAK Zeynep , HAKİ Cemile , DEMİRCİ Hakan 
Published: July 2022

Background To examine the relationship between an institutionally prepared standardized patient evaluation form and the Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS) in patients receiving home health care.
Material and Methods Our prospective, observational study included 200 patients over the age of 18 who requested home health care, regardless of gender. The EFS and institutional data collection forms were applied consecutively on the same day to all patients included in the study.
Results Among the 200 individuals recruited for the study, 59% were female and 41% were male; the overall average age was 80 years. According to the EFS results, 4.5% of the patients were classified as non-frail, 6% were vulnerable, and 89.5% had varying degrees of frailty (mild, moderate and severe). There was a significant positive correlation between EFS score and age (p
Radiofrequency catheter ablation of newly diagnosed paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in a patient with mitral and aortic mechanical valves: A case study
Authors: Vu Van Ba , Ngo Thi Hai Linh , Trung Hoang Kien , Khanh Xuan Nghiem , Duc Do Thinh , Manh Nguyen Hung , Thuy Nguyen Tran , Tien Le Dung 
Published: July 2022

Background: Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with prosthetic valve is still a challenge because of the higher recurrence rate and difficult manipulation of catheters in the left atrium which may lead to higher risk of complications. We presented the first AF ablation in Vietnam of a patient who had mitral and aortic mechanical valves.
Case summary:
A 54-year-old man who had two mechanical heart valves (mitral and aortic) implanted 16 years ago was newly diagnosed with symptomatic paroxysmal AF for the past 4 months at a province general hospital. The patient was treated with amiodarone but still symptomatic and could not tolerate the medication. A referral to our centre was made for consideration of radiofrequency catheter ablation. Sinus rhythm was successfully restored after pulmonary vein isolation, cavo-tricuspid isthmus ablation, and tailor-ablation. At the last follow-up at 9-months post-ablation, the patient was still in sinus rhythm and asymptomatic.
Discussion:
Catheter ablation of AF in patients with mechanical heart valve(s) is challenging due to increased difficulty in accessing the left atrium as well as catheter manipulation and ablation inside the atrium. Nevertheless, this procedure could be safely performed in high experience centres.
Surgical therapy for early stage non small cell lung cancer: VATS versus Thoracotomy
Authors: Que Do Kim , Anh Nguyen Trung 
Published: July 2022

Objectives: Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is the common cancer and the leading cause death of cancer. Lobectomy and lymph node dissection is optimal surgical treatment method for early stage of NSCLC. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) approach is less trauma, quickly recovery, whereas those who advocate thoracotomy claim it as an ontologically superior procedure.
The aims of the study are to evaluate the role of Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery for treating the patients who have early stage of NSCLC and comparing with conventional thoracotomy.
Methods: All of patients with NSCLC in stage IA - IIB underwent lobectomy and lymph node dissection through VATS or thoracotomy are collected. Patient characteristics are compared. Operative data, complications are assessed and survived is assessed by Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazards analysis. Follow-up from 14 to 66 months.
Results: From May 2008 to August 2016, 57 patients with NSCLC stage IA - IIB underwent an attempt at VATS lobectomy and 60 patients underwent thoracotomy. There are 75 males and 42 females, mean age is 56.3, range 31 - 84. Lobectomy was performed in 106 cases and bilobectomy was performed in 11 cases. The mean operating time in VATS group is 157 minutes longer than conventional thoracotomy, which was 124 minutes. There was no statistic difference between 2 groups separated based on characteristics of patients. In 57 cases VATS, 5 cases were converted to thoracotomy. There was one death in conventional thoracotomy group. One patient had bleeding, needed to be re-operationed to control bleeding in each group. Prolonged air-leak presented in 7 cases (10.7%) in thoracotomy and 2 cases (3.8%) in VATS group. Hospitalization is 18.4 days in thoracotomy group and 12.8 days in VATS group. The 5-year OS rate was 67.8% in the VATS group and 71.6% in the thoracotomy group (p = 0.156). The 5-year DFS rate was 59.6% in the VATS group and 65.9% in the thoracotomy group (p = 0.065). Survival by Cox model was no different for VATS versus thoracotomy (hazard ratio 0.82; P = .21)
Conclusion: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is effective and safe method for surgical treatment of early stage of NSCLC. Surgery remains the primary therapy in the treatment of early-stage lung cancer. VATS was associated with less complication and shorter length of hospital stay. The 5 years survival is similar in VATS and conventional thoracotomy approach.
Selection of Exterior Wall System and MCDM Derived Decision
Authors: Štilić Anđelka , Štilić Igor 
Published: July 2022

In the field of construction practice, decisions regarding material selection frequently come down to a choice based on tradition, i.e. recommendations based on the experience of the engineers hired by an employer as designers, contractors, or energy efficiency engineers. In the presented research, in addition to the Employer, technical individuals were involved in the decision-making process. The harmonisation of Employer opinions and those of experts were obtained through NGT technique and Delphi based method, due to the fact that different criteria for a decision could represent a field of interest of an individual participant in the process. The result was determining the criteria, their strictness, and their weighted effect. As multi-criteria decision analysis has evolved into a powerful tool that assists decision-makers in generating “a cut above” choice in resolving specific cases and overcoming certain problems in the architectural and construction industry, the use of the MCDM method EDAS+ in the research ensured an exterior wall system ranking that was not influenced by experience or marketing.
Without intending to favour any manufacturer of building materials, the research presents eight exterior wall systems belonging to different categories of core materials, all with individual features, similarities, and differences.
When compared to otherwise arbitrary estimates or recommendations based on experience and the most commonly used building materials, the application of multi-criteria decision analysis in the case of exterior wall system selection for a particular 1938 Belgrade building generated more relevant selection results.
ANADOLU TÜRK ÇİNİ SANATI BAĞLAMINDA RESTORASYONDA TAMAMLAMA UYGULAMALARINA İLİŞKİN ÖRNEK ÜRETİMLER
Authors: KONAK Işılay 
Published: July 2022

İnsanoğlunun varlığına paralel gelişim gösteren pişmiş toprak ürünler, kullanılan hammaddeleri, üretim teknolojileri, uygulama teknikleri ve kullanım şekilleriyle özgünleşmiş ve bu özgünlükleriyle de bağlı bulunduğu uygarlıklara mal olmuşlardır. Bu bağlamda pişmiş toprak uygulamaların Anadolu Türk sanatındaki en önemli ürünleri çinilerdir. Çiniler, Anadolu Türk sanatında mimari eserlerin yüzeylerinde kaplama malzemesi olarak ve işlevsel günlük kullanım eşyası olarak kullanılmıştır. Çinilerin kullanım alanlarındaki farklılığa benzer olarak, üretimlerinde de farklı teknikler uygulanmıştır.
Çalışma kapsamında, Anadolu Türk çini sanatının tarihi gelişimine kısaca değinilmiş, seçilen yedi geleneksel çini tekniğinin üretim aşaması, kullanım alanları ve çinilerde zaman içinde gelişen parça-birim malzeme kayıpları türünden bozulmalar hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Ardından atölye ortamında, yedi farklı geleneksel teknikte üretilen yirmi dokuz adet çini pano üzerinde, bu bozulmalara yönelik olarak on beş farklı tamamlama uygulaması yapılmıştır. Bu uygulamalı tamamlama örnekleriyle, çinilerin özgün yapısal ve dekor özelliklerine zarar vermeden, belli oranda görsel bütünlüğe de ulaşarak korumanın mümkün olduğunun gösterilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu sayede, tarihi çini onarımlarında halihazırda tespit edilen mimetik (birebir) tamamlamaların ve dayanağı belli olmayan desen tamamlamalarının, özgün çinilerin algılanmasındaki yanıltıcı ve zarar verici etkileri irdelenmiş ve restorasyon ilkeleri bağlamında çıkarımlarda bulunulmuştur.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Hak-Hak Keperdataan Anak Dari Perkawinan Campuran Yang Tinggal Di Indonesia Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2006 Tentang Kewarganegaraan
Authors: Nahdhah Nahdhah , Norisnaniah Norisnaniah , Ulfah Maria 
Published: July 2022

There were many cases derived from transnational marriages. For an instance, many Indonesian international students have married their spouses from the country where they are studying. Transnational marriage is prone to future conflicts, especially regarding the status of the children. The civil rights of children from a transnational married couple living in Indonesia are regulated on Act No. 12/2006 on Citizenship (Citizenship Act). This research is pure legal research that is carried out by examining previous literature. From this study, it was found that the status of children born from transnational families according to the Citizenship Act is based on bloodlines following the father. If the father is a foreign citizen, the child will also be a foreign citizen. On contrary, if the father is an Indonesian citizen, the legal status of the child is also as an Indonesian citizen, from here the role of the mother becomes neglected. Furthermore, Citizenship Act guarantees that the children have the right to determine or choose citizenship after the age of 18 years, the child is required to choose one nationality. Legal protection for children born from transnational marriages is the right to choose their nationality.
Tindak Pidana Pencemaran Laut Akibat Tumpahan Di Balikpapan Dalam Perspektif Hukum Pidana Lingkungan
Authors: Abdi Yulianor 
Published: July 2022

The Panamanian-flagged ship MV Ever Judger, whose captain and the crew were all Chinese nationals, crashed into a pipeline belonging to PT Pertamina Refinery Unit 5 Balikpapan, breaking the pipe and dragging the ship, causing contamination of the sea by the oil. Because of this incident, we are interested in discussing: (1) How is the criminal responsibility for the perpetrators of the marine pollution due to oil spills? (2) Who is responsible for the oil spill case in Balikpapan? This research uses normative research methods. The results and discussion concluded: First, criminal liability is not only applied for individuals in that Ship but also to the corporations. Second, the application of the law regarding criminal acts of environmental pollution contains in-laws and regulations relating to environmental protection and management. The criminal provisions regarding environmental pollution exist in chapter XV regarding the criminal provisions of Act 32/2009. Regarding criminal sanctions for criminal acts of environmental pollution contained in Article 97 to Article 120 of Act 32/2009.
Unprecedented summer hypoxia in southern Cape Cod Bay: an ecological response to regional climate change?
Authors: Scully Malcolm E. , Geyer W. Rockwell , Borkman David , Pugh Tracy L. , Costa Amy , Nichols Owen C. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract. In late summer 2019 and 2020 bottom waters in southern Cape Cod Bay (CCB) became depleted of dissolved oxygen (DO), with documented benthic
mortality in both years. Hypoxic conditions formed in relatively shallow water where the strong seasonal thermocline intersected the sea floor, both
limiting vertical mixing and concentrating biological oxygen demand (BOD) over a very thin bottom boundary layer. In both 2019 and 2020, anomalously
high sub-surface phytoplankton blooms were observed, and the biomass from these blooms provided the fuel to deplete sub-pycnocline waters of DO. The
increased chlorophyll fluorescence was accompanied by a corresponding decrease in sub-pycnocline nutrients, suggesting that prior to 2019 physical
conditions were unfavorable for the utilization of these deep nutrients by the late-summer phytoplankton community. It is hypothesized that
significant alteration of physical conditions in CCB during late summer, which is the result of regional climate change, has favored the recent
increase in sub-surface phytoplankton production. These changes include rapidly warming waters and significant shifts in summer wind direction, both
of which impact the intensity and vertical distribution of thermal stratification and vertical mixing within the water column. These changes in
water column structure are not only more susceptible to hypoxia but also have significant implications for phytoplankton dynamics, potentially
allowing for intense late-summer blooms of Karenia mikimotoi, a species new to the area. K. mikimotoi had not been detected in CCB
or adjacent waters prior to 2017; however, increasing cell densities have been reported in subsequent years, consistent with a rapidly changing
ecosystem.
Contrasting projections of the ENSO-driven CO2 flux variability in the equatorial Pacific under high-warming scenario
Authors: Vaittinada Ayar Pradeebane , Bopp Laurent , Christian Jim R. , Ilyina Tatiana , Krasting John P. , Séférian Roland , Tsujino Hiroyuki , Watanabe Michio , Yool Andrew , Tjiputra Jerry 
Published: July 2022

Abstract. The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) widely modulates the global carbon cycle. More specifically, it alters the net uptake of carbon in the tropical ocean. Indeed, over the tropical Pacific less carbon is released by oceans during El Niño, while the opposite is the case for La Niña. Here, the skill of Earth system models (ESMs) from the latest Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) to simulate the observed tropical Pacific CO2 flux variability in response to ENSO is assessed. The temporal amplitude and spatial extent of CO2 flux anomalies vary considerably among models, while the surface temperature signals of El Niño and La Niña phases are generally well represented. Under historical conditions followed by the high-warming Shared Socio-economic Pathway (SSP5-8.5) scenarios, about half the ESMs simulate a reversal in ENSO–CO2 flux relationship. This gradual shift, which occurs as early as the first half of the 21st century, is associated with a high CO2-induced increase in the Revelle factor that leads to stronger sensitivity of partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) to changes in surface temperature between ENSO phases. At the same time, uptake of anthropogenic CO2 substantially increases upper-ocean dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentrations (reducing its vertical gradient in the thermocline) and weakens the ENSO-modulated surface DIC variability. The response of the ENSO–CO2 flux relationship to future climate change is sensitive to the contemporary mean state of the carbonate ion concentration in the tropics. We present an emergent constraint between the simulated contemporary carbonate concentration with the projected cumulated CO2 fluxes. Models that simulate shifts in the ENSO–CO2 flux relationship simulate positive bias in surface carbonate concentrations.
Evaluation of basal melting parameterisations using in situ ocean and melting observations from the Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica
Authors: Rosevear Madelaine , Galton-Fenzi Benjamin , Stevens Craig 
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Ocean-driven melting of Antarctic ice shelves is causing accelerating loss of grounded ice from the Antarctic continent. However, the ocean
processes governing ice shelf melting are not well understood, contributing to uncertainty in projections of Antarctica's contribution to sea
level. Here, we analyse oceanographic data and in situ measurements of ice shelf melt collected from an instrumented mooring beneath the centre of
the Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica. This is the first direct measurement of basal melting from the Amery Ice Shelf and was made through the novel
application of an upward-facing acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP). ADCP data were also used to map a region of the ice base, revealing a
steep topographic feature or “scarp” in the ice with vertical and horizontal scales of ∼ 20 and ∼ 40 m, respectively. The
annually averaged ADCP-derived melt rate of 0.51 ± 0.18 m yr−1 is consistent with previous modelling results and glaciological
estimates. There is significant seasonal variation around the mean melt rate, with a 40 % increase in melting in May and a 60 % decrease in
September. Melting is driven by temperatures ∼ 0.2 ∘C above the local freezing point and background and tidal currents, which
have typical speeds of 3.0 and 10.0 cm s−1, respectively. We use the coincident measurements of ice shelf melt and oceanographic forcing
to evaluate parameterisations of ice–ocean interactions and find that parameterisations in which there is an explicit dependence of the melt rate
on current speed beneath the ice tend to overestimate the local melt rate at AM06 by between 200 % and 400 %, depending on the choice of
drag coefficient. A convective parameterisation in which melting is a function of the slope of the ice base is also evaluated and is shown to
underpredict melting by 20 % at this site. By combining these new estimates with available observations from other ice shelves, we show that
the commonly used current speed-dependent parameterisation overestimates melting at all but the coldest and most energetic cavity conditions.