bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Presurgery and Postsurgery Outcomes Following Lower Extremity Torsional Osteotomies
Authors: Gagnon Marianne , Veilleux Louis-Nicolas , Bernstein Mitchell 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
Torsional osteotomies of the femur and tibia may be indicated in select individuals with a combination of increased femoral anteversion and external tibial torsion. This study aims to quantify the presurgery and postsurgery levels of pain, function and mobility, and gait patterns in patients with lower extremity torsional abnormalities (LETAs).

Methods:
Patients with LETA who underwent torsional osteotomy of the femurs and/or tibias were recruited. Before and 1 year postsurgery, participants had a gait analysis and completed patient-reported outcomes. CT torsional assessment was performed at baseline. Paired t tests and statistical parametric mapping were used to assess presurgery and postsurgery changes.

Results:
Ten participants (18 ± 2 y) completed the study. Participants had 29 ± 10 degrees of femoral anteversion and 45 ± 11 degrees of external tibial torsion. The hip rotational arc and transmalleolar axis improved towards norms following surgery. The major deviations found in the kinematic were observed in the transverse plane, and they improved towards norms postsurgery. The patient-reported outcomes were below norm presurgery but improved significantly postsurgery.

Conclusions:
Results from this study suggest that LETA can be diagnosed based on radiologic, gait, and physical abnormalities. Postsurgery results showed that torsional osteotomy alleviated pain, restored physical function, and normalized gait patterns.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV.
Pursuing Enterprise Risk Management Excellence in Emergency Preparedness
Authors: dellaBadia Simon Maxine 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Enterprise risk management (ERM) is a proactive strategy that, when effectively implemented, can support an organization in reducing risk, improving alignment, and building staff trust. An effective program includes leadership transparency and a range of initiatives focusing on regulatory and financial compliance, patient safety, overall risk reduction, information management, and the use of data in the decision-making process. An effective ERM program must include a highly functioning emergency preparedness program if it is to truly support risk reduction. Emergency preparedness is an integral component of ERM, and it is also a clear example of how proactive management within a high-reliability culture catalyzes an organization’s pursuit of excellence. Today’s healthcare challenges have shifted disaster planning from an operational requirement to a foundational imperative. Regardless of an organization’s mission, structure, or size, operational continuity depends on a culture that supports sustained readiness. An organizational planning process that includes potential disruptions to daily activities is an important factor when preparing for and responding to the unexpected. Although operational leaders cannot predict every type of event, all efforts should be made to implement a fiscally sound readiness program that achieves the desired outcomes while minimizing workflow disruptions. Leaders need to ensure that their emergency preparedness program is adaptive enough to support mission-critical components of the organization when faced with unanticipated and potentially unfavorable events. In order for the program to be effective, it is important to holistically assess its necessary elements for excellence and determine how the program should be dynamically aligned with organizational culture.
Cedars-Sinai: Addressing Workforce Risks Through a New School
Authors: Anderson Nicole 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Located in Los Angeles, a diverse and expensive city of 3.8 million residents, Cedars-Sinai Health System seeks to hire and retain a qualified workforce that reflects its patient population. Research shows that concordance of a person’s ethnicity with their clinical care team improves outcomes and reduces health disparities. Across the nation and at Cedars-Sinai, the pandemic exacerbated already existing workforce shortages and challenges to hiring, training, and retaining allied health workers. In September 2021, leaders at Cedars-Sinai began exploring ways to address these potential workforce risks to its operations. Through interviews with stakeholders and thorough analysis of Cedars-Sinai and local workforce and educational data, the decision was made to launch an allied health school. The goal of the program is to help fill the pipeline to meet the highest areas of need and provide opportunities for community members and existing Cedars staff to upgrade their skills and earning power.
Latent Profile Analysis and Related Factors of Colorectal Cancer Knowledge and Health Beliefs and Their Associations With Screening Behavior and Intention Among Urban Populations in China
Authors: Shi Bingzi , Zhang Jing , Wang Haixin , Rao Xue , Sun Yujing , Cui Wenming 
Published: February 2025

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is rising in urban China, and screening participation remains low. Understanding the influence of knowledge and health beliefs on CRC screening behaviors can inform targeted interventions.

Objective
To identify latent profiles of CRC knowledge and health beliefs among average-risk urban adults in China and examine factors influencing profile membership.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 500 urban adults, utilizing validated questionnaires on CRC knowledge and health beliefs. Latent profile analysis identified distinct profiles, and multinomial logistic regression assessed sociodemographic predictors.

Results
Three profiles emerged: profile 1, “moderately informed and believing” (48.0%, n = 240); profile 2, “underinformed and skeptical” (18.8%, n = 94); and profile 3, “well-informed and strongly believing” (33.2%, n = 166). Unstable employment and low health literacy predicted membership in profile 2, whereas higher social support and proximity to health centers were associated with profile 3. Profile 2 negatively predicted screening behavior (β = −0.516) and intention (β = −0.786), whereas profile 3 showed positive associations (β = 0.541 and β = 0.969, respectively).

Conclusions
These findings highlight distinct CRC knowledge and health belief profiles, suggesting that tailored interventions addressing subgroup-specific gaps and barriers could enhance CRC screening engagement in urban China.

Implications for Practice
Nurses can efficiently identify at-risk populations through brief assessments of employment status, health literacy, and social support and implement targeted interventions such as patient navigation, simplified health education, and social support enhancement to improve screening uptake.
Intuitive knowing for student nurses
Authors: Ruth-Sahd Lisa A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:
“Intuitive knowing” is the ability to understand a clinical case instinctively without the need for conscious reasoning. This article examines the critical role of intuitive knowing in clinical decision-making among nurses, particularly in the context of increasingly complex patient care. Furthermore, the article offers recommendations for nursing educators to cultivate this essential skill in nursing students, ensuring they are equipped to effectively navigate the challenges of modern healthcare environments.
Osteomyelitis
Authors: Cadet Myriam Jean 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:
Osteomyelitis is characterized by inflammation of the bone tissue, typically caused by microorganisms such as bacteria. It can be challenging to treat and may lead to unnecessary antibiotic therapies. Prompt identification of osteomyelitis and implementation of effective treatments are necessary to eradicate this infection. This article discusses the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and nursing management of osteomyelitis, focusing on native bone infection.
Building empathy toward older adults using simulation
Authors: Boll Tamara , Gouwens Sarah 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:
Empathy is an important skill that needs to be taught in nursing school. This article discusses a project that evaluated the effectiveness of a geriatric simulation suit in enhancing nursing students' empathy toward older adults. In a Community Health course, 48 students participated in a hands-on simulation that replicated the physical and cognitive challenges faced by older adults.
Influence of Reader Expertise on Myocardial Infarction Detection
Authors: Martens Bibi , van der Meulen Lara R. , Crawley Richard J. , van Cauteren Yvonne J.M. , Smulders Martijn W. , Streukens Sebastian , Hendriks Babs M.F. , Houben Ivo P.L. , Gommers Suzanne , Frey Simon M. , Brandts Lloyd , Wildberger Joachim E. , Chiribiri Amedeo , Holtackers Robert J. 
Published: February 2025

Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of reader training and experience on the detection of (small) myocardial infarctions (MIs) and the assessment of ischemic scar transmurality using dark-blood late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and bright-blood LGE magnetic resonance imaging. It was hypothesized that dark-blood LGE simplifies the detection of (small) MIs for less experienced readers, compared with bright-blood LGE imaging.

Materials and Methods
One hundred patients referred for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for suspected ischemic scar were retrospectively included. Dark-blood LGE was performed first, followed by bright-blood LGE. Nine clinicians, grouped into three levels based on their training and experience, assessed the LGE images for the presence of MI and ischemic scar transmurality. Their assessment was subsequently compared with a European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging level 3 consultant. Reader confidence was evaluated with a 4-point Likert scale. Multilevel logistic regression was used to compare the 2 LGE methods and assess differences in myocardial infarction detection and transmurality among the 3 experience levels. Wilcoxon signed rank tests were performed to compare the reader confidence between the 2 LGE methods, whereas Friedman omnibus tests were conducted to assess differences in reader confidence among the 3 experience levels.

Results
Dark-blood LGE resulted in increased correct detection of MIs compared with bright-blood LGE for both level 1 (87.3% vs 82.7%, odds ratio [OR]: 1.55 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.94–2.54], P = 0.083) and level 2 readers (89.7% vs 83.0%, OR: 2.05 [95% CI: 1.20–3.51], P = 0.009). There was no significant difference observed between dark-blood LGE and bright-blood LGE for level 3 readers (88.7% vs 87.0%, OR: 1.20 [95% CI: 0.70–2.06], P = 0.495). Level 2 readers significantly detected more small MIs correctly when using dark-blood LGE compared with bright-blood LGE (66.7% vs 50.8%, OR: 2.40 [95% CI: 1.03–5.60], P = 0.042). All experience levels showed significantly increased confidence in presence of ischemic scar and transmurality with dark-blood LGE.

Conclusions
Readily available dark-blood LGE can assist less experienced readers in correctly detecting and assessing (small) MIs compared with conventional bright-blood LGE. Regardless of experience level, dark-blood LGE improves reader confidence in assessing the presence and transmurality of MIs.
An introduction to propensity score analysis in acute care surgery research: Methodology and pitfalls
Authors: Garwe Tabitha , Zakhary Bishoy L. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
Observational studies assessing causal effects of interventions are subject to indication (selection) bias, which may be difficult to eliminate using traditional multivariable techniques. When properly specified, propensity score–adjusted analysis may offer an advantage over traditional regression by ensuring that investigators explicitly assess comparability of baseline prognostic factors between the treated and untreated. However, it is important to note that the effectiveness of a propensity score–adjusted analysis depends on the variables selected for the model and the analytic approach. Noninclusion of important prognostic factors and model misspecification among other errors may in fact increase bias; thus, in performing propensity score analysis, these errors must be minimized as much as possible or assessed using sensitivity analysis to ensure validity.
Geographic and age-related variations in mutational processes in colorectal cancer
Authors: Díaz-Gay Marcos , dos Santos Wellington , Moody Sarah , Kazachkova Mariya , Abbasi Ammal , Steele Christopher D , Vangara Raviteja , Senkin Sergey , Wang Jingwei , Fitzgerald Stephen , Bergstrom Erik N , Khandekar Azhar , Otlu Burçak , Abedi-Ardekani Behnoush , de Carvalho Ana Carolina , Cattiaux Thomas , Penha Ricardo Cortez Cardoso , Gaborieau Valérie , Chopard Priscilia , Carreira Christine , Cheema Saamin , Latimer Calli , Teague Jon W , Mukeriya Anush , Zaridze David , Cox Riley , Albert Monique , Phouthavongsy Larry , Gallinger Steven , Malekzadeh Reza , Niavarani Ahmadreza , Miladinov Marko , Erić Katarina , Milosavljevic Sasa , Sangrajrang Suleeporn , Curado Maria Paula , Aguiar Samuel , Reis Rui Manuel , Reis Monise Tadin , Romagnolo Luis Gustavo , Guimarães Denise Peixoto , Holcatova Ivana , Kalvach Jaroslav , Vaccaro Carlos Alberto , Piñero Tamara Alejandra , Świątkowska Beata , Lissowska Jolanta , Roszkowska-Purska Katarzyna , Huertas-Salgado Antonio , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Shiba Satoshi , Sangkhathat Surasak , Chitapanarux Taned , Roshandel Gholamreza , Ashton-Prolla Patricia , Damin Daniel C , de Oliveira Francine Hehn , Humphreys Laura , Lawley Trevor D. , Perdomo Sandra , Stratton Michael R , Brennan Paul , Alexandrov Ludmil B 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTColorectal cancer incidence rates vary geographically and have changed over time. Notably, in the past two decades, the incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer, affecting individuals under the age of 50 years, has doubled in many countries. The reasons for this increase are unknown. Here, we investigate whether mutational processes contribute to geographic and age-related differences by examining 981 colorectal cancer genomes from 11 countries. No major differences were found in microsatellite unstable cancers, but variations in mutation burden and signatures were observed in the 802 microsatellite-stable cases. Multiple signatures, most with unknown etiologies, exhibited varying prevalence in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Russia, and Thailand, indicating geographically diverse levels of mutagenic exposure. Signatures SBS88 and ID18, caused by the bacteria-produced mutagen colibactin, had higher mutation loads in countries with higher colorectal cancer incidence rates. SBS88 and ID18 were also enriched in early-onset colorectal cancers, being 3.3 times more common in individuals diagnosed before age 40 than in those over 70, and were imprinted early during colorectal cancer development. Colibactin exposure was further linked toAPCdriver mutations, with ID18 responsible for about 25% ofAPCdriver indels in colibactin-positive cases. This study reveals geographic and age-related variations in colorectal cancer mutational processes, and suggests that early-life mutagenic exposure to colibactin-producing bacteria may contribute to the rising incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer.
Shared and distinct pathways from anxiety disorder and depression to cardiovascular disease: a UK Biobank prospective cohort study
Authors: Nakada Shinya , Celis-Morales Carlos , Pell Jill P , Ho Frederick K 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAimsAlthough anxiety and depression increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, no studies have examined their underlying mechanisms systematically, particularly contrasting the difference between the two of them. Our study aimed to examine the extent to which lifestyle, physical and metabolic factors mediate the associations of anxiety and depression with incident CVD.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted using UK Biobank. Anxiety, depression, and incident CVD were ascertained through linkage to hospital and death records. A causal mediation analysis was performed for anxiety and depression separately examining multiple potential lifestyle, physical, and metabolic mediators. Cox proportional hazard models and log-linear models were used to derive indirect effect estimates and proportions mediated.ResultsA total of 254,695 participants were included. Both anxiety (HR 1.62, 95% CI 1.15–2.13) and depression (HR 2.15, 95% CI 1.75–2.64) were associated with CVD after adjusting for sociodemographic confounders. The strongest mediators were current smoking and higher waist-hip ratio which accounted for 12.2% and 12.8% of the excess risk from anxiety, and 17.2% and 13.8% from depression, respectively. The strongest metabolic mediators were systolic blood pressure for anxiety (10.2%) and CRP (10.7%) for depression. Systolic blood pressure was the weakest mediator for depression (4.0%).ConclusionsLifestyle and physical pathways to incident CVD may be common to both anxiety and depression, but shared metabolic pathways seem unlikely. Our findings inform which risk factors to target among people with anxiety or depression in order to reduce their higher risk of developing CVD.What is already known on this topicAnxiety disorder and depression are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.Some mechanisms were suggested for depression (e.g., obesity and inflammation) but there was no systematic investigation of pathways especially in comparing depression and anxiety disorder.What this study addsOur study showed that whilst smoking and central obesity were common mediators of both anxiety disorder and depression, systolic blood pressure was more specific to anxiety disorder and C-reactive protein to depression.How this study might affect research, practice or policyOur findings inform how best to target prevention strategies to reduce the higher risk of cardiovascular disease among people with established anxiety disorder or depression.
Type 2 diabetes polygenic risk score demonstrates context-dependent effects and associations with type 2 diabetes-related risk factors and complications across diverse populations
Authors: Guo Boya , Cai Yanwei , Kim Daeeun , Smit Roelof A.J. , Wang Zhe , Iyer Kruthika R. , Hilliard Austin T , Haessler Jeffrey , Tao Ran , Broadaway K Alaine , Wang Yujie , Pozdeyev Nikita , Stæger Frederik F. , Yang Chaojie , Vanderwerff Brett , Patki Amit D. , Stalbow Lauren , Lin Meng , Rafaels Nicholas , Shortt Jonathan , Wiley Laura , Stanislawski Maggie , Pattee Jack , Davis Lea , Straub Peter S. , Shuey Megan M. , Cox Nancy J. , Lee Nanette R. , Jørgensen Marit E. , Bjerregaard Peter , Larsen Christina , Hansen Torben , Moltke Ida , Meigs James B. , Stram Daniel O. , Yin Xianyong , Zhou Xiang , Chang Kyong-Mi , Clarke Shoa L. , Guarischi-Sousa Rodrigo , Lankester Joanna , Tsao Philip S , Buyske Steven , Graff Mariaelisa , Raffield Laura M. , Sun Quan , Wilkens Lynne R. , Carlson Christopher S. , Easton Charles B. , Liu Simin , Manson JoAnn E. , Marchand Loïc L. , Haiman Christopher A. , Mohlke Karen L. , Gordon-Larsen Penny , Albrechtsen Anders , Boehnke Michael , Rich Stephen S. , Manichaikul Ani , Rotter Jerome I. , Yousri Noha A. , Irvin Ryan M. ,   The biobank at the Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine,   VA Million Veteran Program,   The Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) study, Gignoux Chris , North Kari E. , Loos Ruth J.F. , Assimes Themistocles L. , Peters Ulrike , Kooperberg Charles , Raghavan Sridharan , Highland Heather M. , Darst Burcu F. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPolygenic risk scores (PRS) hold prognostic value for identifying individuals at higher risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, further characterization is needed to understand the generalizability of T2D PRS in diverse populations across various contexts. We characterized a multi-ancestry T2D PRS among 244,637 cases and 637,891 controls across eight populations from the Population Architecture Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) Study and 13 additional biobanks and cohorts. PRS performance was context dependent, with better performance in those who were younger, male, with a family history of T2D, without hypertension, and not obese or overweight. Additionally, the PRS was associated with various diabetes-related cardiometabolic traits and T2D complications, suggesting its utility for stratifying risk of complications and identifying shared genetic architecture between T2D and other diseases. These findings highlight the need to account for context when evaluating PRS as a tool for T2D risk prognostication and potentially generalizable associations of T2D PRS with diabetes-related traits despite differential performance in T2D prediction across diverse populations.
Stress-responsive transcription factor families are key components of the core abiotic stress response in maize
Authors: Pardo Anna C.H. , Pardo Jeremy D. , VanBuren Robert 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAbiotic stresses, including drought, salt, heat, cold, flooding, and low nitrogen, have devastating impacts on agriculture and are increasing in frequency globally due to climate change. Plants can experience multiple abiotic stresses simultaneously or sequentially within a single growing season, and combinatorial stresses elicit shared or overlapping molecular and physiological responses. Here, we searched for core stress responsive genes in maize across diverse abiotic stressors through meta-analysis of public RNAseq data. Our analysis revealed significant heterogeneity in gene expression across datasets due to factors such as tissue type, genotype, and experimental conditions, which we mitigated through batch correction. Using nearly 1,900 RNAseq samples with both traditional set operations and a novel random forest machine learning approach, we identified a core set of 744 stress-responsive genes across the six stresses. These core genes are enriched in transcription factors, including stress-responsive families such as AP2/ERF-ERF, NAC, bZIP, HSF, and C2C2-CO-like. Co-expression network analysis demonstrated that these core TFs are co-expressed with stress-specific peripheral genes, supporting their role in regulating both generalized and stress-specific responses. Our results suggest that maize employs a conserved yet flexible transcriptional strategy to respond to abiotic stresses, with core TFs acting as potential regulators of both universal and stress-specific pathways. These findings provide a valuable resource for understanding stress tolerance mechanisms and for guiding future breeding and engineering efforts to enhance maize resilience under climate change.