bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An acetonic extract and secondary metabolites from the endolichenic fungus Nemania sp. EL006872 exhibit immune checkpoint inhibitory activity in lung cancer cell
Authors: Varlı Mücahit , Pham Huong T. , Kim Seong-Min , Taş İsa , Gamage Chathurika D. B. , Zhou Rui , Pulat Sultan , Park So-Yeon , Sesal Nüzhet Cenk , Hur Jae-Seoun , Kang Kyo Bin , Kim Hangun 
Published: September 2022

Background: Endolichenic fungi (ELF), which live the inside the lichen thallus, contain many secondary metabolites that show various biological activities. Recent studies show that lichen and ELF secondary metabolites have antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, and anticancer activities.Purpose: Here, the effects of an ELF extract and its bioactive compounds were investigated on the H1975 cell line focusing on immune checkpoint marker inhibition.Methods: An ELF was isolated from the host lichen Bryoria fuscescens (Gyelnik) Brodo and D. Hawksw and identified the species as Nemania sp. EL006872. The fungus was cultured on agar medium and acetonic extracts were obtained. Secondary metabolites radianspenes C and D, and dahliane D, were isolated from the crude extract. The biological effects of both the crude extract and the isolated secondary metabolites were evaluated in cell viability, qRT-PCR assays, flow cytometry analysis and western blotting.Results: The cell viability assay revealed that extracts from Nemania sp. EL006872 and the isolated secondary compounds had low cytotoxicity. The crude extract, radianspenes C and D, and dahliane D, suppressed expression of mRNA encoding PD-L1 and aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), and surface expression of PD-L1 protein by cells exposed to benzo[a] pyrene. Radianspenes C and D, and dahliane D, reduced expression of AhR, PD-L1, ICOSL, and GITRL proteins by H1975 lung cancer cells, as well as exerting anti-proliferative effects.Conclusion: Radianspenes C and D, and dahliane D, bioactive compounds isolated from Nemania sp. EL006872 ELF, have the potential for use as immunotherapy and immunoncology treatments.
Job satisfaction and burnout of psychiatric nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic in China—the moderation of family support
Authors: Jin Rui 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThe study aimed at investigating the state of psychiatric nurses’ job satisfaction, job burnout, and the moderating effect of family support between them in China during the COVID-19 pandemic.Materials and methodsOnline self-report questionnaires were distributed and 212 psychiatric nurses participated in the research. Pearson correlation analysis, multiple stepwise regression analysis, and simple slope test were used for data analysis.ResultsThe results showed that the status of their job satisfaction (53.67 ± 10.72) and burnout (33.62 ± 13.84) did not reach a satisfactory level and job satisfaction had a significant negative impact on job burnout. Meanwhile, family support played a negative moderating role between the two variables.ConclusionPsychiatric nurses suffered from job burnout in China during the COVID-19. Family support could have a counterproductive effect when the nurses were experiencing decreasing job satisfaction. It gave suggestions to the medical institutions and the government to improve the psychological well-being of the psychiatric nurses and even of all the medical staff.
Advances in optogenetic studies of depressive-like behaviors and underlying neural circuit mechanisms
Authors: Lin Shanshan , Du Yiwei , Xia Yujie , Xie Yumeng , Xiao Ling , Wang Gaohua 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundsThe neural circuit mechanisms underlying depression remain unclear. Recently optogenetics has gradually gained recognition as a novel technique to regulate the activity of neurons with light stimulation. Scientists are now transferring their focus to the function of brain regions and neural circuits in the pathogenic progress of depression. Deciphering the circuitry mechanism of depressive-like behaviors may help us better understand the symptomatology of depression. However, few studies have summarized current progress on optogenetic researches into the neural circuit mechanisms of depressive-like behaviors.AimsThis review aimed to introduce fundamental characteristics and methodologies of optogenetics, as well as how this technique achieves specific neuronal control with spatial and temporal accuracy. We mainly summarized recent progress in neural circuit discoveries in depressive-like behaviors using optogenetics and exhibited the potential of optogenetics as a tool to investigate the mechanism and possible optimization underlying antidepressant treatment such as ketamine and deep brain stimulation.MethodsA systematic review of the literature published in English mainly from 2010 to the present in databases was performed. The selected literature is then categorized and summarized according to their neural circuits and depressive-like behaviors.ConclusionsMany important discoveries have been made utilizing optogenetics. These findings support optogenetics as a powerful and potential tool for studying depression. And our comprehension to the etiology of depression and other psychiatric disorders will also be more thorough with this rapidly developing technique in the near future.
Barriers to accessing health services during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland: A nationwide cross-sectional survey among 109,928 adults in Poland
Authors: Mularczyk-Tomczewska Paulina , Zarnowski Adam , Gujski Mariusz , Jankowski Mateusz , Bojar Iwona , Wdowiak Artur , Krakowiak Jan 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has significant socio-economic implications for numerous industries, including healthcare. Disruptions of essential health services were reported by nearly all countries around the world. A detailed assessment of the healthcare uptake is necessary to estimate the potential health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the population. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of barriers to accessing health services during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland as well as to identify factors associated with the disturbed access to healthcare during the pandemic.MethodsThis cross-sectional survey was carried out among Internet users in Poland using the computer-assisted web interview technique. Data were collected between October and December 2021. The questionnaire included 32 questions on sociodemographic characteristics, the COVID-19 pandemic, health status, daily habits as well as the use of healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic.ResultsData were obtained from 102928 adults, the mean age was 48.0 ± 14.2 years, and 57.2% were females. Most of the respondents had visited a doctor during the past 12 months (70.4%). Almost half of adults in Poland (49.7%) reported barriers to access health services in the past 12 months. Out of 51,105 respondents who had experienced barriers to accessing health services during the COVID-19 pandemic, only 54.3% had visited a doctor in the past 12 months. Long waiting time (39.5%) and temporary closure of healthcare facilities/transformation into a COVID-19 dedicated center (28.8%) were the most common barriers indicated by the respondents. In multivariable logistic regression, female gender, age 18–49 years, lack of higher education, living in cities between 51,000 and 200,000 residents or above 500,000 residents, and having at least one chronic disease were significantly (p &lt; 0.05) associated with higher odds of experiencing barriers to accessing health services during the COVID-19 pandemic.ConclusionsThis study confirmed that the COVID-19 pandemic has worsened access to health services in Poland. During the pandemic, new barriers to accessing health services, such as the temporary closure of healthcare facilities for non-COVID patients were revealed. Findings from this study provided patients' perspectives on barriers to accessing health services in Poland that may be used by policymakers to reduce health inequalities.
Building penetration loss measurements and modelling in the 900 and 2100 MHz band for smart meter installation
Authors: Owens David , Ansari Shuja , Cruickshank Haitham , Tafazolli Rahim , Imran Muhammad Ali 
Published: September 2022

One of the most significant applications of Internet of Things are smart meters with wireless capabilities. Smart gas and electricity meters can capture half-hourly pricing and consumption data and send automated meter readings to your energy provider, in contrast to regular meters that can only register a running total of energy used. However, the legacy regular meters were not installed with wireless connectivity in mind and are usually found in hard-to-reach places for wireless radio coverage. To understand these scenarios, this paper provides signal strength measurements conducted at the Building Research Establishment determining building penetration losses in both 900 and 2,100 MHz band. We then present a building penetration loss model using these measurements that is practical and cost effective when compared to traditional statistical propagation loss models.
Association Between the Use of Tobacco Products and Food Insecurity Among South Korean Adults
Authors: Kang Seo Young , Cho Hong-Jun 
Published: September 2022

Objectives: Food insecurity is the most basic form of human deprivation; thus, strategies to eradicate poverty should include policies to improve food insecurity. This study investigated the association between the use of tobacco products and food insecurity.Methods: We analyzed 21,063 adults from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013–2015, 2019. The OR and 95% CI for food insecurity was calculated in each category of the status of tobacco products use and sociodemographic characteristics using multivariable logistic regression analysis.Results: Of 21,063 participants, 7.3% belonged to the food insecurity group. The OR (95% CI) for food insecurity was 1.34 (1.08–1.65) among current users of any tobacco products compared with those who had never used any tobacco product. The odds for food insecurity were higher among those with secondhand smoke exposure, younger participants, those with lower household income, lower levels of education, manual workers or people without occupation, and separated/widowed/divorced participants.Conclusion: Use of any tobacco products was associated with food insecurity among South Korean adults. Tobacco control could improve food insecurity.
Structural, Optical, Charge-Transport, and Dielectric Properties of Double-Perovskite La2Co1−zFezMnO6 (z = 0, 0.2–1.0)
Authors: Hussain Ghulam , Batool Shanta , Zheng Yuruo , Li Shuyi , Wang Xiawa 
Published: September 2022

A series of double-perovskite La2Co1−zFezMnO6 (z = 0, 0.2–1.0) ceramics were synthesized using a well-established sol–gel method. The series of samples with a monoclinic phase and a P21/n symmetry were characterized by XRD, FTIR, conductivity, and capacitance measurement to extract charge-transport and dielectric characteristics at room temperature. The obtained IR spectra fitted well with the Lorentz oscillator model to calculate the damping factor, optical frequency, and oscillator strength and compared with the theory, which gave better agreement. The calculated activation energies from the Arrhenius plot supported the semiconducting nature of all samples. The temperature and frequency-dependent dielectric parameters, such as the real part (εr′), imaginary part (ε″) of the dielectric constant, dielectric loss (tanδ), and ac-conductivity (σac) were extracted. The dielectric constant (εr′, ε″) and dielectric loss (tanδ) were enhanced at a low frequency, while the ac-conductivity (σac) displayed higher values at higher frequencies. The enhancement in the dielectric parameters with increasing iron concentrations arose due to the higher surface volume fraction of iron (Fe3+) ions than the cobalt (Co3+) ions. The radius of the Fe3+ (0.645 Å) was relatively higher than the Co3+ ions (0.61 Å), significantly influenced by the grains and grain boundaries, and enhanced the barrier for charge mobility at the grain boundaries that play a vital role in space charge polarization.
System Architecture and Planetary Obliquity: Implications for Long-term Habitability
Authors: Vervoort Pam , Horner Jonathan , Kane Stephen R. , Kirtland Turner Sandra , Gilmore James B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the search for life beyond our solar system, attention should be focused on those planets that have the potential to maintain habitable conditions over the prolonged periods of time needed for the emergence and expansion of life as we know it. The observable planetary architecture is one of the determinants for long-term habitability as it controls the orbital evolution and ultimately the stellar fluxes received by the planet. With an ensemble of n-body simulations and obliquity models of hypothetical planetary systems, we demonstrate that the amplitude and period of the eccentricity, obliquity, and precession cycles of an Earth-like planet are sensitive to the orbital characteristics of a giant companion planet. A series of transient, ocean-coupled climate simulations show how these characteristics of astronomical cycles are decisive for the evolving surface conditions and long-term fractional habitability relative to the modern Earth. The habitability of Earth-like planets increases with the eccentricity of a Jupiter-like companion, provided that the mean obliquity is sufficiently low to maintain temperate temperatures over large parts of its surface throughout the orbital year. A giant companion closer in results in shorter eccentricity cycles of an Earth-like planet but longer, high-amplitude, obliquity cycles. The period and amplitude of obliquity cycles can be estimated to first order from the orbital pathways calculated by the n-body simulations. In the majority of simulations, the obliquity amplitude relates directly to the orbital inclination whereas the period of the obliquity cycle is a function of the nodal precession and the proximity of the giant companion.
The Internal Proper Motion Kinematics of NGC 346: Past Formation and Future Evolution
Authors: Sabbi E. , Zeidler P. , Marel R. P. van der , Nota A. , Anderson J. , Gallagher J. S. , Lennon D. J. , Smith L. J. , Gennaro M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We investigate the internal kinematics of the young star-forming region NGC 346 in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). We used two epochs of deep F555W and F814W Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys observations with an 11 yr baseline to determine proper motions and study the kinematics of different populations, as identified by their color–magnitude diagram and spatial distribution characteristics. The proper motion field of the young stars shows a complex structure with spatially coherent patterns. NGC 346’s upper main sequence and pre-main sequence stars follow very similar motion patterns, with the outer parts of the cluster being characterized both by outflows and inflows. The proper motion field in the inner ∼10 pc shows a combination of rotation and inflow, indicative of inspiraling motion. The rotation velocity in this regions peaks at ∼3 km s−1, whereas the inflow velocity peaks at ∼1 km s−1. Subclusters and massive young stellar objects in NGC 346 are found at the interface of significant changes in the coherence of the proper motion field. This suggests that turbulence is the main star formation driver in this region. Similar kinematics observed in the metal-poor NGC 346 and in the Milky Way’s star-forming regions suggest that the differences in the cooling conditions due to different amounts of metallicity and dust density between the SMC and our galaxy are too small to alter significantly the process of star cluster assembly and growth. The main characteristics of our findings are consistent with various proposed star cluster formation models.
Ram Pressure Stripping of the Multiphase ISM: A Detailed View from TIGRESS Simulations
Authors: Choi Woorak , Kim Chang-Goo , Chung Aeree 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Ram pressure stripping (RPS) is a process that removes the interstellar medium (ISM) quickly, playing a vital role in galaxy evolution. Previous RPS studies have treated the ISM as single-phase or lack the resolution and physical processes to properly capture the full multiphase ISM. To improve this simplification, we introduce an inflowing, hot intracluster medium (ICM) into a self-consistently modeled ISM in a local patch of star-forming galactic disks using the TIGRESS framework. Our simulations reveal that the workings of RPS are not only direct acceleration of the ISM by ICM ram pressure but also mixing-driven momentum transfer involving significant phase transition and radiative cooling. The hot ICM passes through the low-density channels of the porous, multiphase ISM; shreds the cool ISM; and creates mixing layers. The ICM momentum is transferred through the mixing layers while populating the intermediate-temperature gas and radiating thermal energy away. The mixed gas extends beyond galactic disks and forms stripped tails that cool back unless the ICM fluxes are large enough to prevent cooling until they escape the simulation domain. The mixing-driven momentum transfer predicts that the more ICM mixes in, the faster the ISM moves, resulting in the anticorrelation of outflow velocity and gas metallicity of the stripped ISM. The compression of the ISM disks due to the ICM ram pressure enhances star formation rates up to 50% compared to the model without ICM. With the ICM ram pressure higher than the disk anchoring pressure, star formation is quenched within ∼100 Myr.
Toward Understanding the B[e] Phenomenon. IX. Nature and Binarity of MWC645
Authors: Nodyarov A. S. , Miroshnichenko A. S. , Khokhlov S. A. , Zharikov S. V. , Manset N. , Klochkova V. G. , Grankin K. N. , Arkharov A. A. , Efimova N. , Klimanov S. , Larionov V. M. , Rudy R. J. , Puetter R. C. , Perry R. B. , Reva I. V. , Omarov C. T. , Kokumbaeva R. I. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We present the results of optical and near-IR spectroscopy and multicolor photometry of the emission-line star MWC 645, which exhibits the B[e] phenomenon. The presence of positionally variable absorption lines of a cool star detected for the first time indicates that the object is a binary system. Using a combination of the photometric and spectroscopic data as well as the Gaia EDR3 distance (D = 6.5 ± 0.9 kpc), we disentangled the components’ contributions and estimated their surface temperatures and luminosities (18, 000 ± 2000 K and 4250 ± 250 K, log L/L
⊙ = 4.0 ± 0.5 and 3.1 ± 0.3 for the hot and cool components, respectively). Quasi-cyclic short-period (months) and long-period (∼4 yr) photometric variations were detected in both optical and near-IR regions, and are most likely due to variable circumstellar extinction. Our analysis suggests that MWC 645 is a member of the FS CMa group. The object’s properties can be described by an evolutionary model of a close binary system that currently undergoes a nonconservative mass transfer between intermediate-mass stars (e.g., 7 M
⊙ + 2.8 M
⊙).
Inhomogeneous Kinetic Alfvén Waves in the Near-Sun Solar Wind
Authors: Malaspina David M. , Chasapis Alexandros , Tatum Peter , Salem Chadi , Bale Stuart D. , Bonnell John W. , Dudok de Wit Thierry , Goetz Keith , Pulupa Marc , Halekas Jasper , Whittlesey Phyllis , Livi Roberto , Case Anthony W. , Stevens Michael L. , Larson Davin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Intervals of intense electromagnetic, broadband plasma waves are reported in the near-Sun solar wind. These waves are identified as kinetic Alfvén waves (KAWs), based on comparison between data and theory for their observed electric- to magnetic-field ratio, and magnetic compressibility, as a function of frequency. In contrast to KAW observations at 1 au, KAWs in the near-Sun solar wind are found to be spatially inhomogeneous, preferentially occurring where the ambient magnetic field experiences strong deviations from the Parker spiral direction, including during magnetic switchbacks and clusters of switchbacks. To the extent that turbulent fluctuations in the solar wind at small scales are characterized as KAWs, the observations reported here create an expectation that KAW-driven particle heating should also be inhomogeneous in the near-Sun solar wind, being strongest in regions of intense KAWs. Finally, a discrepancy between KAW observation and theory is identified at frequencies two decades above the frequency where kinetic effects begin to manifest, and possible origins of this discrepancy are considered.
Prevention and risk assessment of cardiovascular events in a population of patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Olszewski Robert , Ćwiklińska Klaudia , Maślińska Maria , Kwiatkowska Brygida 
Published: September 2022

Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory, often relapsing disease that is frequently associated with other diseases of similar pathogenesis. The multi-morbidity in the psoriasis population significantly impedes both diagnosis and implementation of appropriate preventive measures. However, the common denominator for this group of diseases is the inflammatory process that initiates the appearance of subsequent symptoms and health consequences, most of which can be avoided or alleviated by modifying the patient’s lifestyle and incorporating appropriate treatment. Health consequences associated with systemic inflammation include cardiovascular incidents and other cardiometabolic diseases. <br />
This article was based on available publications on the onset, incidence, and prevention of cardiovascular disease in the psoriasis patient population.
Strong influence of trees outside forest in regulating microclimate of intensively modified Afromontane landscapes
Authors: Aalto Iris Johanna , Maeda Eduardo Eiji , Heiskanen Janne , Aalto Eljas Kullervo , Pellikka Petri Kauko Emil 
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Climate change is expected to have detrimental consequences on
fragile ecosystems, threatening biodiversity, as well as food security of
millions of people. Trees are likely to play a central role in mitigating
these impacts. The microclimatic conditions below tree canopies usually
differ substantially from the ambient macroclimate as vegetation can buffer
temperature changes and variability. Trees cool down their surroundings
through several biophysical mechanisms, and the cooling benefits occur also
with trees outside forest. The aim of this study was to examine the effect
of canopy cover on microclimate in an intensively modified Afromontane
landscape in Taita Taveta, Kenya. We studied temperatures recorded by 19
microclimate sensors under different canopy covers, as well as land surface
temperature (LST) estimated by Landsat 8 thermal infrared sensor. We
combined the temperature records with high-resolution airborne laser
scanning data to untangle the combined effects of topography and canopy
cover on microclimate. We developed four multivariate regression models to
study the joint impacts of topography and canopy cover on LST. The results
showed a negative linear relationship between canopy cover percentage and
daytime mean (R2=0.65) and maximum (R2=0.75) temperatures.
Any increase in canopy cover contributed to reducing temperatures. The
average difference between 0 % and 100 % canopy cover sites was 5.2 ∘C in mean temperatures and 10.2 ∘C in maximum
temperatures. Canopy cover (CC) reduced LST on average by 0.05 ∘C per percent CC. The influence of canopy cover on microclimate was shown to vary
strongly with elevation and ambient temperatures. These results demonstrate
that trees have a substantial effect on microclimate, but the effect is
dependent on macroclimate, highlighting the importance of maintaining tree
cover particularly in warmer conditions. Hence, we demonstrate that trees
outside forests can increase climate change resilience in fragmented
landscapes, having strong potential for regulating regional and local
temperatures.