bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hubungan ASI Eksklusif dan Enuresis Primer pada Anak
Authors: Hasibuan Syahreza , Ramayani Oke Rina , Lubis Munar , Siregar Rosmayanti , Siregar Beatrix 
Published: July 2022

<p>Enuresis adalah keluarnya air kemih yang tidak disadari dan berulang pada anak berusia 5 tahun atau lebih yang diharapkan sudah dapat mengendalikan proses berkemihnya. Istilah enuresis primer dipakai untuk anak yang belum pernah berhenti mengompol sejak bayi. Salah satu penyebab enuresis primer adalah keterlambatan maturasi sistem saraf pusat. ASI merupakan nutrisi yang ideal untuk bagi perkembangan sistem saraf. Pemberian ASI eksklusif menunjukkan manfaat besar dalam perkembangan visual, kognitif, dan neurologis anak sehingga berperan dalam mencegah enuresis pada anak. Hal ini didukung oleh beberapa penelitian yang melaporkan hubungan antara pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan enuresis pada anak.</p><p>Enuresis is repeated involuntary discharge of urine in children 5 years of age or older expected to be able to control the micturition. Primary enuresis is when children 5 years of age or older still bed-wetting. One of the causes of primary enuresis is delayed maturation of the central nervous system. Exclusive breastfeeding has beneficial effect in visual, cognitive, and neurological development in children; it may have a role in preventing enuresis. Several studies report the correlation between exclusive breastfeeding and enuresis prevention in children.</p><p> </p>
Penerapan Pengkajian Mutu Produk (PMP) atau Product Quality Review (PQR) untuk Menghasilkan Obat Berkualitaspada Era Digitalisasi
Authors: Ningrum Maulidya Cahya , Ananta Rusli 
Published: July 2022

<p>Pada era Industri 4.0 kualitas menjadi parameter utama dalam menjaga eksistensi industri farmasi. Industri farmasi harus menghasilkan obat berkualitas sesuai tujuan penggunaannya. Produk obat yang bermutu, aman, dan tidak menimbulkan risiko dapat diwujudkan dengan penerapan aspek Cara Pembuatan Obat yang Baik (CPOB). Salah satu aspek CPOBadalah penerapan Product Quality Review (PQR). PQR adalah evaluasi berkala terhadap semua obat terdaftar, termasuk produk ekspor, untuk membuktikan konsistensi proses, kesesuaian dengan konsistensi bahan awal, bahan pengemas, dan produk jadi, serta untuk melihat tren dan mengidentifikasi perbaikan yang diperlukan untuk produk dan proses. Konsep digitalisasi saat ini memungkinkan untuk menunjang pengumpulan data dan dokumen yang dibutuhkan untuk penyusunan PQR menggunakan teknologi informasi yang lebih canggih. Konsep digitalisasi pada prinsipnya memberdayakan peran digitalisasi manufaktur dan jaringan suplai yang melibatkan integrasi informasi dari berbagai sumber dan lokasi. Pemanfaatan informasi digital tersebut digunakan untuk menggerakkan manufaktur dan distribusi fisik. Artikel ini mengkaji PQR serta pentingnya penerapan PQR bagi industri farmasi untuk menghasilkan produk berkualitas secara konsisten di era revolusi industri 4.0.</p><p>Quality becomes the main parameter in maintaining the existence of a pharmaceutical industry 4.0. Pharmaceutical industry must produce drugs suitable for their purpose. Production of drug with good quality, safe, efficacious, according to the requirements of marketing authorization document, and do not expose risk to patients can be realized by adhering to Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP). One aspect of GMP is to implement Product Quality Review (PQR). PQR is a periodic evaluation on all registered drugs, including export products, to prove the consistency of processes, compliance with the consistency of raw materials, packaging materials and finished products, to observe trends and to identify improvements needed for products and processes. Digitalization concept is possible to support the collection of data and documents needed for PQR preparation by more sophisticated information technology. The concept empowers the role of digitalization of manufacturing and supply networks which involves the integration of information from various sources and locations. Utilization of digital information can be used to drive manufacturing and physical distribution. This article reviews PQR and the importance of applying PQR in pharmaceutical industry to produce quality products consistently in the era of industrial revolution 4.0.</p><p> </p>
Sindrom Mona Lisa
Authors: Renita Sanyasi Rosa De Lima 
Published: July 2022

<p>Pendahuluan: Sindrom Mona Lisa (SM) merupakan paralisis nervus fasialis idiopatik pada wanita hamil atau wanita post partum. SM sering terkait dengan hipertensi gestasional, superimposed preeklamsia, preeklamsia, dan sindrom HELLP. Faktor risiko independen SM adalah hipertensi kronik dan obesitas. Beberapa hipotesis patofisiologi SM meliputi: kondisi immunocompromised, reaktivasi virus herpes, edema interstisial yang memicu edema perineural dan kompresi nervus fasialis di kanal fasialis os temporal, dan hiperkoagulasi yang memicu trombosis pembuluh darah yang mensuplai nervus fasialis, Tanda dan gejala SM sama dengan Bell’s palsy (BP). Tatalaksana meliputi penggunaan tetes air mata artifisial atau penutup mata, kortikosteroid, dan/atau antiviral. Prognosis SM baik, khususnya pada kasus inkomplit.</p><p>Background: Mona Lisa Syndrome (MS) is an idiopathic facial nerve paralysis in pregnancy and post partum. MS is correlated to gestational hypertension, superimposed preeclamsia, preeclamsia, and HELLP syndrome.Independent risk factors are chronic hypertension and obesity. Several hypothesis on MS pathophysiology, including: immunocompromised status that lead to herpes virus reactivation, interstitial edema that lead to perineural edema and compressing facial nerve at the facial canal, and hypercoagulability status that lead to thrombosis in arteries supplying facial nerve. Signs and symptoms of MS are similar to Bell’s palsy. Prognosis of MS is good, especially in incomplete paralysis. MS treatment including artificial tears or eye patch, corticosteroid, and/or antiviral.</p><p> </p>
Potensi Suplemen dalam Tatalaksana COVID-19
Authors: Febriana Lydia 
Published: July 2022

<p>Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan pandemi penyakit baru; berbagai studi dilakukan untuk menemukan terapi yang tepat. Beberapa suplemen juga diteliti potensinya dalam upaya pencegahan ataupun terapi adjuvan COVID-19, antara lain: vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin B kompleks, zinc, selenium, n-asetilsistein, quercetin, dan melatonin.</p><p>Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new disease pandemic. Several studies are being conducted to find effective therapeutic options. Several supplements are also recommended for their potential in preventing and as adjuvant therapy for COVID-19, including: vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin B complex, zinc, selenium, n-acetylcysteine, quercetin, and melatonin.</p><p> </p>
Suplementasi Vitamin D pada Tatalaksana Obesitas
Authors: Dwi Permanasari Putri Sakti 
Published: July 2022

<p>Kadar vitamin D serum memiliki korelasi terbalik dengan massa jaringan adiposa; makin tinggi IMT dan massa lemak tubuh seseorang, kadar vitamin D serumnya makin rendah. Sebaliknya defisiensi vitamin D dapat menurunkan respons terapi penurunan berat badan. Suplementasi vitamin D pada terapi obesitas perlu dipertimbangkan untuk menjaga kadar vitamin D serum tetap optimal, sehingga terapi penurunan berat badan dapat optimal. Beberapa rekomendasi organisasi berdasarkan pertimbangan para ahli dapat menjadi acuan pemberian suplementasi vitamin D pada kondisi obesitas.</p><p>Serum vitamin D levels have an inverse correlation with adipose tissue mass; the higher a person's BMI and body fat mass, the lower serum vitamin D level. Conversely, vitamin D deficiency can reduce the response to weight loss therapy. Vitamin D supplementation in obesity therapy needs to be considered to maintain optimal serum vitamin D levels in order to more effective weight loss therapy. Recommendations from several organizations based on expert considerations can be used as a reference for vitamin D supplementation in obese conditions.</p><p> </p>
Perkembangan Metode Kontrasepsi di Indonesia
Authors: Afifah Nurullah Fitri 
Published: July 2022

<p>Indonesia merupakan negara berpenduduk keempat terbanyak di dunia. Indonesia berupaya menurunkan TFR hingga 2,1 pada tahun 2025 dan menurunkan laju pertumbuhan penduduk (LPP) hingga di bawah 1,2%, antara lain dengan metode kontrasepsi. Kontrasepsi modern dibedakan menjadi kontrasepsi hormonal dan non-hormonal. Dibandingkan dengan jenis kontrasepsi hormonal lainnya, kontrasepsi injeksi dan pil adalah yang paling banyak digunakan dengan jumlah pengguna meningkat setiap tahun. Saat ini telah dikembangkan metode kontrasepsi koyo dengan microneedle berisi levonorgestrel yang diharapkan memiliki efikasi baik, efek samping minimal, mudah digunakan, tidak menghasilkan limbah tajam dan dapat digunakan jangka panjang.</p><p>Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world. Indonesia projects to reduce its TFR to 2.1 by 2025 and reduce annual population growth rates to below 1.2%, with among other methods is the use of contraception. Modern contraceptives are divided into hormonal and non-hormonal contraception. Compared to other hormonal contraceptives, injectable contraceptives and pills are the most widely used with increasing users. A patch contraceptive method with microneedle containing levonorgestrel has been currently developed and expected to have good efficacy, minimal side effects, easy to use, does not produce sharp waste and can be used long term.</p><p> </p>
Terapi Kortikosteroid Sistemik untuk Sindrom Steven Johnson (SSJ)- Nekrolisis Epidermal Toksik (NET) di RSUD DR Moewardi, Surakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Novi Diana Eka Devinta , Tri Irfanti Rakhma , Rahma Alfina , - Frieda , Nugraha Wibisono , Eko Irawanto Muhammad 
Published: July 2022

<p>Latar belakang :Sindrom Steven Johnson (SSJ) dan nekrolisis epidermal toksik (NET) adalah manifestasi reaksi alergi obat paling berat dan mengancam jiwa yang dimediasi sel T. Salah satu terapi SSJ-NET yaitu kortikosteroid sistemik. Tujuan : Mengetahui pola terapi kortikosteroid sistemik di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta periode Januari 2014-Desember 2018. Metode : Penelitian deskriptif retrospektif atas data rekam medis pasien SJS-NET di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta periode Januari 2014-Desember 2018. Hasil : Didapatkan 80 pasien SJS-NET, usia terbanyak 46-65 tahun (39%), lebih banyak laki-laki (52%). Diagnosis SSJ paling banyak (61%) dibandingkan SSJ overlap NET (24%) maupun NET (15%) dengan keterlibatan mukosa mulut terbanyak (64%). Penyakit penyerta terbanyak adalah diabetes melitus (18 %). Penyebab SSJ-NET terbanyak diduga lebih dari satu obat (44%). Terapi kortikosteroid sistemik berupa injeksi metilprednisolon dengan rata-rata dosis 65 mg/hari dan lama perawatan 10 hari. Simpulan :Kortikosteroid sistemik merupakan terapi semua kasus SSJ-NET di RSUD dr. Moewardi Surakarta.</p><p>Background: Steven Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are the severest primarily T-cell mediated manifestation and life threatening drug reaction. Systemic corticosteroid is used for SJS-TEN management. Objective: To study the pattern of systemic corticosteroid therapy for SJS-TEN in Dr.Moewardi General Hospital Surakarta Januari 2014-December 2018. Method: A descriptive retrospective study on medical record data of SJS-TEN patients hospitalized at Dr.Moewardi General Hospital Surakarta between January 2014 and December 2018. Results: From a total 80 SJS–TEN patients in this study, 39% was 46-65 year-old, male (52%). The most frequent diagnosis was SJS (61%) followed by SJS overlap TEN (24%) and TEN (15%), mostly with mucosal mouth involvement (64%). The most frequent comorbidities was DM (18%). More than one drug were related to SJS-TEN (44%). Therapy for all cases was systemic corticosteroids with an average dose of methylprednisolone 65 mg per day in 10 days. Conclusion :Systemic corticosteroids was used in all cases of SSJ-NET in Dr.Moewardi General Hospital Surakarta.</p><p> </p><p> </p>
Penghambat Immune Checkpoint untuk Terapi Kanker
Authors: Lawrenti Hastarita 
Published: July 2022

<p>Kanker merupakan penyakit yang ditandai dengan pertumbuhan sel-sel abnormal tubuh. Terapi konvensional seperti pembedahan, kemoterapi, dan radioterapi masih menghadapi masalah kekambuhan karena sisa sel maligna dan/atau metastasis tumor. Imunoterapi merupakan terobosan dalam terapi kanker, dengan menggunakan sistem imun tubuh untuk menginduksi respons anti-tumor. Penghambat <em>immune checkpoint</em> seperti penghambat PD-1 atau PD-L1 telah diindikasikan dan direkomendasikan untuk banyak jenis kanker. Kejadian tak diinginkan terkait imun dapat diatasi secara simtomatik.</p><p> </p><p>Cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled growth of abnormal body cells. Conventional anti-cancer treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are still encountered relapse due to residual malignant cells and/or tumor metastases. Immunotherapy is a breakthrough for cancer treatment; it utilizes body’s immune system to induce anti-tumor response. Immnue checkpoint inhibitors such as PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitor have been indicated and recommended for many cancers. Immune related adverse events are well controlled by symptomatic treatment. </p>
Peran Suplementasi Vitamin D sebagai Terapi Tambahan pada Neuropati Diabetik: Sebuah Telaah Literatur
Authors: Wijaya Vincent Ongko , Pinzon Rizaldy Taslim , Paramitha Dessy 
Published: July 2022

<p>Pendahuluan.Neuropati diabetik merupakan salah satu komplikasi diabetes melitus dengan prevalensi hingga 50%. Penelitian terdahulu telah menunjukkan hubungan antara vitamin D terhadap regenerasi akson dan mielinisasi saraf. Beberapa studi juga telah melaporkan potensi suplementasi vitamin D sebagai terapi neuropati diabetik. Telaah literatur ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi efek suplementasi vitamin D terhadap neuropati diabetik. Metode. Pencarian<br />literatur dilakukan di PubMed dengan mengikuti pedoman PRISMA. Artikel dipilih berdasarkan kata kunci yang tersedia, proses skrining abstrak dan ekstraksi data sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Setiap studi yang terpilih akan ditabulasi dan dinilai kualitasnya menggunakan rating OCEBM. Hasil. Pencarian literatur mendapatkan 4 studi prospektif suplementasi vitamin D sebagai terapi neuropati diabetik dengan total 375 pasien. Hasil analisis sistematis menunjukkan bahwa pada semua studi terdapat perbaikan signifikan luaran klinis (nyeri, pemeriksaan fisik) pada pasien neuropati diabetik di akhir studi. Selain itu, didapati pula<br />perbaikan parameter laboratorium berupa peningkatan kadar vitamin D dan penurunan nilai HbA1c di akhir masa studi dibandingkan dengan awal terapi.<br />Simpulan. Suplementasi vitamin D sebagai terapi tambahan pada pasien neuropati diabetik bermanfaat memperbaiki tingkat nyeri dan luaran klinis lainnya<br />termasuk parameter laboratorium.</p><p> </p><p>Introduction Diabetic neuropathy is one of the complications of diabetes with 50% prevalence of up to 50%. A previous study shows a correlation between vitamin D with axon regeneration and nerve myelinization. There are also several reports on the potential of vitamin D supplements as a diabetic neuropathy treatment. This literature review is to identify the vitamin D supplementation effect for on diabetic neuropathy. Method. The literature search was conducted on PubMed according to PRISMA guidelines. Articles were chosen according to the available keywords. Abstract screening and data extraction were according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Selected studies will be tabulated and assessed for quality according to the OCEBM rating criteria. Result. The literature search resulted in 4 prospective studies of vitamin D supplementation as a treatment for diabetic neuropathy with a total of 375 patients. A systematic analysis in all studies showed a significant improvement in clinical outcomes (pain, physical examination) of diabetic neuropathy patients at the end of the study. There were<br />also improvements in several laboratory parameters such as an increase in vitamin D levels and a decrease in HbA1c at the end of the study period compared to the beginning of the treatment. Conclusion. Vitamin D supplementation as adjunctive therapy in diabetic neuropathy patients is beneficial in improving pain levels and other clinical outcomes, including laboratory parameters.</p>
Efek Suplementasi Vitamin D terhadap Perbaikan Klinis dan Laboratorium Pasien Penyakit Hati Kronik
Authors: Dewiastuti Marlina , Herardi Ryan 
Published: July 2022

<p>Sekitar 844 juta penduduk dunia menderita penyakit hati kronik yang dapat berkembang menjadi sirosis hati. Komplikasi penyakit hati kronik adalah keadaan malnutrisi dan defisiensi antara lain defisiensi vitamin D. Vitamin D merupakan vitamin larut dalam lemak yang disintesis di hati, sehingga penyakit hati berkaitan dengan defisiensi vitamin D, padahal vitamin D memiliki peran dalam pencegahan progresivitas penyakit hati. Beberapa penelitian mencoba suplementasi<br />vitamin D untuk perbaikan klinis dan laboratorium, serta mengurangi risiko kematian akibat penyakit hati. Telaah sistematis laporan kasus berbasis bukti ini tidak mendapatkan perbedaan hasil klinis antara suplementasi vitamin D dan plasebo, namun tidak ada efek samping serius pada suplementasi vitamin D. EASL menyarankan pemeriksaan kadar vitamin D dan suplementasi pada pasien dengan defisiensi vitamin D.</p><p> </p><p>Around 844 million people worldwide have a chronic liver disease, which can progress to liver cirrhosis. Complications of chronic liver disease such as malnutrition and deficiency states, including vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin synthesized in the liver, whereas vitamin D has a role in preventing the progression of liver disease. Several studies investigated vitamin D supplementation for clinical and laboratory improvement and reducing mortality from liver disease. This systematic review resulted in no clinical difference between vitamin D supplementation and placebo-treated subjects, but no serious side effects of vitamin D supplementation were observed.</p>
Ten-Year Review of Paediatric Endocrine Disorders at Uniosun Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
Authors: Oluwayemi I O , Oyedeji O A , Adeniji E O , Afolabi A A , Ayeni T O 
Published: July 2022

Background: Paediatric endocrinology is a nascent subspecialty in Nigeria.Previous reports suggest a poor awareness of paediatric endocrine disorders resulting in late presentation, missed diagnosis and unnecessary death.
Objectives: The study aims to report the prevalence of paediatric endocrine disorders at UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital (UTH) and to provide essential information to enhance early presentation and management.
Methods: This is a 10-year retrospective study of all children managed for paediatric endocrine disorders at UTH from March 2010 to March 2020. Relevant data were extracted from patients' records, entered into and analyzed with SPSS.
Results: Forty (0.42%) of 9,520 new consultations at UTH paediatric specialist clinic during the study period had endocrine disorders. There were 13 males and 27 females (M:F=1:2), with ages ranging from 1 month to 15.5years and 23 (57.5%) of them were under the age of 5 years. The four most common endocrine disorders were Rickets (45%), Diabetes (15%), Thyroid disorders (15%) and disorders of puberty (12.5%). There was a progressive yearly increase in the number of paediatric endocrine cases seen. At the time of this report, 34 (85%) of the patients were alive and doing very well, 5 (12.5%) has been lost to follow up and 1 (2.5%) mortality was recorded.
Conclusion: Rickets, diabetes, thyroid disorders and disorders of puberty are the four leading paediatric endocrine disorders seen at UTH. Attrition is a notable challenge in paediatric endocrine disorders. Reasons for attrition and ways to terminate these challenges need to be identified and put into practice.
Keywords: Diabetes; Nigeria; Paediatric; Rickets; awareness; endocrine disorders.
Haematological Changes Associated with Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Individuals with and without Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Fasola F A , Babalola O A , Odaibo G N , Odetunde A , Alamukii N A , Ajayi D , Akpa O , Brown B J , Babalola C P , Falusi A G 
Published: July 2022

Background: Hepatitis B virus infection, a major public health problem that primarily affects the liver, may cause reduction in the levels of haemoglobin, haematocrit and in the extreme, could cause aplastic anaemia. The haematological characteristics could be detected with a complete blood count which could provide invaluable information for diagnosis and management of the disease.
Aim: To determine the effect of HBV infection on the blood count of individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD) and apparently normal healthy (Non-SCD).
Setting: Non-SCD participants were recruited from the community while SCD patients in steady state were recruited from SCD routine clinics.
Methods: The study was a cross - sectional study carried out on 1017 non-SCD and 1017 SCD individuals. Haematology Autoanalyzer was used to determine the complete blood count. Granulocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (GLR), platelet to white blood cell count ratio (PWR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were calculated. ELISA for HBsAg and HBV core antigen IgM antibodies were used to identify participants with HBV.
Results: The non- SCD individuals infected with HBV had significantly higher WBC (7.51 ± 5.8 X109/L)) compared to a WBC (6.1 ± 3.4 X109/L) in uninfected individuals (p =0.001). PWR for HBV negative (49.9±28.6) was higher than that for HBV positive participants (41.4±17.6) (p=0.034). Mean platelet volume (MPV) of 9.93 ± 1.1fl in SCD individuals with HBV was significantly higher than 8.30 ± 0.95fl in SCD individuals without HBV (p=.001).
Conclusions: PWR and MPV may be useful as surrogate marker for detection of HBV disease progression in apparently normal healthy non - SCD and SCD populations to institute prompt appropriate ancillary investigation and treatment.
Keywords: Hepatitis B virus infection; Non-sickle celldisease; blood count; haematologicalparameters; sickle cell disease.