bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Approach for Real In-Hand Dexterity Evaluation: Application to the RoBioSS Hand
Authors: Seguin P. , Preault C. , Vulliez P. , Gazeau J. P. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The development of flexible multidigital grippers with both adaptive grasping and in-hand manipulation capabilities remains a complex issue for human-like dexterous manipulation. After four decades of research in dexterous manipulation, many robotic hands have been developed. The evaluation of these hands remains a key challenge. The design of the hand (degree of actuation, number of fingers, and joints) does not guarantee the real behavior of the hand and its performance. For comparison and evaluation purposes, the literature often refers to a potential dexterity, but very rarely provides an evaluation of the real dexterity of these grippers. The RoBioSS hand offers a high level of dexterity with inside-hand manipulation capabilities. In order to characterize the performance of the hand with regard to the state of the art, this article proposes an approach based on the dexterity analysis. It is based on the use of a known reference object and on defined grasps and movements of the object. The results presented allow us to evaluate grasps capabilities and quality of the object's movement inside the hand.
A Modeling and Calibration Method of Heavy-Duty Automated Fiber Placement Robot Considering Compliance and Joint-Dependent Errors
Authors: Xu Xiaokang , Cheng Liang , Guo Yingjie , Li Jiangxiong , Ke Yinglin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The accuracy of industrial robots is critical in many manufacturing applications. In this case, a self-developed automated fiber placement heavy-duty robot is used for the lay-up of carbon fiber composite prepregs, which requires high positioning accuracy. The mass of the robot body and end-effector exceeds 3 tons and 1 ton, respectively, resulting in considerable deformation and other errors due to the huge size and mass. Paradoxically, the work that our robot engaged in requires high precision, and the positioning accuracy needs to be less than 0.5 mm. This paper conducts a comprehensive analysis of the robot joint error, so as to improve the accuracy of the robot. A torsional and capsize deformation model for joints is established. In addition, the capsize torque and capsize axis of joint deformation are derived to determine the transformation relationship between joint frames. Chebyshev polynomials are used to describe joint-dependent errors. The Levenberg–Marquarelt (L–M) algorithm was used to identify the error model parameters. The effects of different error factors on the positioning accuracy were compared and analyzed. The validation result shows that the proposed model describes 88.11% of the positioning error, and the average residual error of the calibration can reach 0.132 mm. The identified joint-dependent error and the compliance error are 0.296 mm and 0.240 mm, accounting for 26.67% and 21.62% of the positioning error, respectively.
Association Between Physical Performance Tests and External Load During Scrimmages in Highly Trained Youth Ice Hockey Players
Authors: Byrkjedal Per T. , Bjørnsen Thomas , Luteberget Live S. , Lindberg Kolbjørn , Ivarsson Andreas , Haukali Eirik , Spencer Matt 
Published: December 2022

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between physical performance tests and on-ice external load from simulated games (scrimmages) in ice hockey. Methods: A total of 14 players completed a physical performance test battery consisting of 30-m sprint test—run and 30-m sprint test—skate (including 10-m split times and maximum speed), countermovement jump, standing long jump, bench press, pull-ups, and trap bar deadlift and participated in 4 scrimmages. External load variables from scrimmages included total distance; peak speed; slow (< 11.0 km/h), moderate (11.0–16.9 km/h), high (17.0–23.9 km/h), and sprint (> 24.0 km/h) speed skating distance; number of sprints; PlayerLoad™; number of high-intensity events (> 2.5 m/s); accelerations; decelerations; and changes of direction. Bayesian pairwise correlation analyses were performed to assess the relationship between physical performance tests and external load performance variables. Results: The results showed strong evidence (Bayes factor > 10) for associations between pull-ups and high-intensity events (τ = .61) and between maximum speed skate and peak speed (τ = .55). There was moderate evidence (Bayes factor >3 to <10) for 6 associations: both maximum speed skate (τ = .44) and countermovement jump (τ = .44) with sprint speed skating distance, countermovement jump with number of sprints (τ = .46), pull-ups with changes of direction (τ = .50), trap bar with peak speed (τ = .45), and body mass with total distance (τ = .49). Conclusion: This study found physical performance tests to be associated with some of the external load variables from scrimmages. Nevertheless, the majority of correlations did not display meaningful associations, possibly being influenced by the selection of physical performance tests.
Fault permeability from stochastic modeling of clay smears
Authors: Saló-Salgado Lluís , Davis Steven , Juanes Ruben 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn normally consolidated, shallow (depth &lt;~3 km) siliciclastic sequences, faults develop clay smears. Existing models include the dependence of permeability on the clay fraction, but improved predictions of fault permeability should account for uncertainty and anisotropy. We introduce PREDICT, a methodology that computes probability distributions for the directional components (dip-normal, strike-parallel, and dip-parallel) of the fault permeability tensor from statistical samples for a set of geological variables. These variables, which include geometrical, compositional, and mechanical properties, allow multiple discretizations of the fault core to be populated with sand and clay smears, which can be used to upscale the permeability to a coarser scale (e.g., suitable for reservoir modeling). We validated our implementation with experimental data and applied PREDICT to several stratigraphic sequences. We show that fault permeability is controlled by the clay smear configuration and, crucially, that it typically exhibits multimodal probability distributions due to the existence of holes. The latter is a unique feature of our algorithm, which can be used to build fault permeability scenarios to manage and mitigate risk in subsurface applications.
Patient-specific tracheal stoma plug improves quality of life for tracheostomy patients
Authors: VanKoevering Kyle K , Brennen Julia , Fenberg Rachel , Dolphin Sam , von Windheim Natalia , Matrka Laura , de Silva Brad , Spector Matthew E , Chinn Steven B , Choi Philip , Zhao Songzhu , Casper Keith A , Green Glenn E 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveDespite being life-saving, tracheostomies carry numerous social, functional and quality of life (QOL) drawbacks. The aim of this study was to design and test the use of small, discrete, customised tracheostomy stoma plugs in patients who are not tracheostomy-dependent during the day, with the overall goals to demonstrate the feasibility of creating these patient-specific devices and obtain preliminary results of impact on QOL.MethodsWe developed and evaluated a novel patient-specific ‘stoma plug’ to improve the lives of those with tracheostomies who did not have a daytime ventilation requirement. The stoma plug was designed and manufactured using three-dimensional printing for each subject. Measurements of the patient’s fistula were obtained in the clinic and the features of the stoma plug were created to match the fistula and trach tube dimensions. Patients were monitored for any changes in their eligibility status and for complications associated with using the ‘stoma plug’. A survey questionnaire examining multiple QOL domains was performed predevice and at 1 and 6 months of use.ResultsDevices were designed and produced for 35 patients enrolled across two institutions. The survey results demonstrate statistically significant improvement in quality-of-life scores (p<0.05) in all six domains queried (Overall QOL, voice strength, voice clarity, water tolerance, swallowing and breathing) with substantial improvements in social isolation and skin irritation reported.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that a patient specific device can be created to ameliorate many of the drawbacks associated with a tracheostomy tube, with the potential to revolutionise tracheostomy care.
Finding the ‘sweet spot’ between customisation and workflows when optimising ePrescribing systems: a multisite qualitative study
Authors: Heeney Catherine , Malden Stephen , Sheikh Aziz 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesThe introduction of ePrescribing systems offers the potential to improve the safety, quality and efficiency of prescribing, medication management decisions and patient care. However, an ePrescribing system will require some customisation and configuration to capture a range of workflows in particular hospital settings. This can be part of an optimisation strategy, which aims at avoiding workarounds that lessen anticipated safety and efficiency benefits. This paper aims to identify ePrescribing optimisation strategies that can be translated into hospitals in different national settings. We will explore the views of professionals on the impact of configuration and customisation on workflow.DesignThis paper draws on 54 qualitative interviews with clinicians, pharmacists and informatics professionals with experience of optimising ePrescribing systems in eight hospital sites and one health system, in four different countries. Interview transcripts were analysed using an inductive thematic analysis.SettingSecondary and tertiary care hospitals in the UK, USA and mainland Europe.ParticipantsFifty-four healthcare workers with expertise in clinical informatics.ResultsFive identified themes following thematic analysis showed that optimisation of ePrescribing systems can involve configuration and/or customisation. This can be a strategy to combat workarounds and to respond to local policy, safety protocols and workflows for particular patient populations. However, it can result in sites taking on responsibility for training and missing out on vendor updates. Working closely with vendors and other users can mitigate the need for extensive system modification and produce better outcomes.ConclusionsModifying an ePrescribing system remains key to enhancing patient safety, and better captured workflow remains key to optimisation. However, we found evidence of an increasingly cautious approach to both customisation and configuration among system users. This has led to users seeking to make less changes to the system.
Associations between inflexible job conditions, health and healthcare utilisation in England: retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Moss Charlie , Munford Luke Aaron , Sutton Matt 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesTo estimate the strength of association between having an inflexible job and health-related quality of life and healthcare utilisation; and to explore heterogeneity in the effects by gender, age and area-level deprivation.DesignRetrospective cross-sectional study.SettingSeven waves of the English General Practice Patient Survey between 2012 and 2017.Participants1 232 884 people aged 16–64 years and in full-time employment. We measured job inflexibility by inability to take time away from work during usual working hours to seek medical care.Primary and secondary outcome measuresHealth-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5L); number of months since the respondent last saw a general practitioner (GP) or nurse; use of out-of-hours general practice in the past 6 months. We used regression analyses to estimate the strength of association between outcomes and having an inflexible job, adjusting for person and area-level characteristics.ResultsOne-third of respondents reported job inflexibility. The probability of job inflexibility was higher at younger ages and in more deprived areas. Job inflexibility was associated with lower EQ-5D-5L utility scores of 0.017 (95% CI 0.016 to 0.018) for women and 0.016 (95% CI 0.015 to 0.017) for men. Women were more affected than men in the mental health domain. The reduction in health-related quality of life associated with having an inflexible job was greater for employees who were older or lived in more deprived areas. Having an inflexible job was associated with a longer time since the last visit to their GP of 0.234 (95% CI 0.201 to 0.268) months for women and 0.199 (95% CI 0.152 to 0.183) months for men.ConclusionsInequalities in the prevalence of inflexible jobs contribute to inequalities in health. One mechanism may be through reduced access to healthcare. Policymakers and employers should ensure that all employees have sufficient job flexibility to protect their health.
Factors influencing injury or death due to traumatic events in Afghanistan’s crisis-affected populations: a cross-sectional nationwide study
Authors: Noh Jin-Won , Lee Lena J , Kim Kyoung-Beom , Cha Jiho , Kwon Young Dae 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveAfghanistan, with one of the world’s largest refugee populations, suffers an enormous burden of injury resulting in loss of life. This study aims to identify the epidemiology of injuries or death in the crisis-affected populations across Afghanistan and to investigate factors associated with injuries or deaths due to traumatic events.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingThis study analysed Whole Afghanistan Assessment 2019 data. This survey geographically covered all 34 accessible provinces in Afghanistan.Participants31 343 displaced and shock-affected households in Afghanistan.Primary and secondary outcome measuresInjury or death of household members due to traumatic events.Results2561 (8.2%) reported at least one household member had been injured or deceased because of a significant conflict or natural disaster in the past year. Households experienced significant events such as active conflict or violence (prevalence ratio, PR=5.575, p<0.001), earthquake (PR=3.118, p=0.004), flood (PR=1.534, p=0.008) and avalanche or heavy snowfall (PR=3.450, p<0.001) were significantly associated with injury or death. The likelihood of injury or death was significantly higher for long-distance households than for households living within a 5 km radius of the nearest healthcare facilities (6–10 km: PR=1.402, p=0.030; >10 km: PR=1.560, p=0.020).ConclusionThe study provides an epidemiological profile of injuries or death in crisis-affected populations across Afghanistan. Results also suggest that certain factors place the crisis-affected populations in Afghanistan at high risk for injuries or death, which can inform the development of surveillance and prevention programmes, the monitoring of patterns over time and the formulation of healthcare policies.
Agreement between an expert-rated mini job exposure matrix of occupational biomechanical exposures to the lower body and technical measurements or observation: a method comparison study
Authors: Korshøj Mette , Svendsen Susanne Wulff , Hendriksen Peter Fjeldstad , Gupta Nidhi , Holtermann Andreas , Andersen Johan Hviid , Dalbøge Annett , Frost Poul 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesInvestigating the agreement between an expert-rated mini job exposure matrix (JEM) of lower body exposures and technical measurements of worktime spent standing/walking and observation-based estimates of time spent kneeling/squatting and total load lifted per workday.MethodsWe chose 16 job titles from the 121 job groups in the lower body JEM and included them in the mini JEM. New expert ratings for the mini JEM were performed by the same five occupational physicians who performed the ratings for the lower body JEM. For each job title and type of exposure, the exposure estimates were a mean of the five independent ratings. Technical measurements of standing/walking for all 16 job titles, and for 8 job titles workplace observations were performed of kneeling/squatting and total load lifted per workday. Data were collected from September to December 2015 and supplemented by data from the NOMAD and DPhacto studies collected between 2011 and 2013. All data were collected in Denmark. Agreement between expert-based and measured/observed lower body exposures by job titles was evaluated using Spearman’s rank correlation, Bland-Altman plots evaluated systematic deviations and limits of agreement (LoA).ResultsStanding/walking showed a rank correlation of 0.55, kneeling/squatting 0.83 and total load lifted per workday 0.71. The mini JEM estimates did not systematically deviate from the technical measurements/observations for time spent standing/walking (mean difference 0.20 hours/workday, LoA −1.63, 2.03 hours/workday) and kneeling/squatting (mean difference −0.35 hours/workday, LoA −1.21, 0.51 hours/workday). For total load lifted per workday, the mini JEM systematically overestimated the exposures compared with the observations (mean difference −909 kg/workday, LoA −3000, 1147 kg/workday).ConclusionsThere was moderate to very high agreement between an expert-rated mini JEM of standing/walking, kneeling/squatting, and lifting exposures and corresponding technical measurements/observations. This method comparison study supports the use of the expert-based lower body JEM in large-scale occupational epidemiological studies.
Empirical rescue treatment ofHelicobacter pyloriinfection in third and subsequent lines: 8-year experience in 2144 patients from the European Registry onH. pylorimanagement (Hp-EuReg)
Authors: Burgos-Santamaría Diego , Nyssen Olga P , Gasbarrini Antonio , Vaira Dino , Pérez-Aisa Ángeles , Rodrigo Luís , Pellicano Rinaldo , Keco-Huerga Alma , Pabón-Carrasco Manuel , Castro-Fernandez Manuel , Boltin Doron , Barrio Jesus , Phull Perminder , Kupcinskas Juozas , Jonaitis Laimas , Ortiz-Polo Inmaculada , Tepes Bojan , Lucendo Alfredo J , Huguet José María , Areia Miguel , Jurecic Natasa Brglez , Denkovski Maja , Bujanda Luís , Ramos-San Román June , Cuadrado-Lavín Antonio , Gomez-Camarero Judith , Jiménez Moreno Manuel Alfonso , Lanas Angel , Martinez-Dominguez Samuel Jesús , Alfaro Enrique , Marcos-Pinto Ricardo , Milivojevic Vladimir , Rokkas Theodore , Leja Marcis , Smith Sinead , Tonkić Ante , Buzás György Miklós , Doulberis Michael , Venerito Marino , Lerang Frode , Bordin Dmitry S , Lamy Vincent , Capelle Lisette G , Marlicz Wojciech , Dobru Daniela , Gridnyev Oleksiy , Puig Ignasi , Mégraud Francis , O'Morain Colm , Gisbert Javier P 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the use, effectiveness and safety ofHelicobacter pyloriempirical rescue therapy in third and subsequent treatment lines in Europe.DesignInternational, prospective, non-interventional registry of the clinical practice of European gastroenterologists. Data were collected and quality reviewed until October 2021 at Asociación Española de Gastroenterología-Research Electronic Data Capture. All cases with three or more empirical eradication attempts were assessed for effectiveness by modified intention-to-treat and per-protocol analysis.ResultsOverall, 2144 treatments were included: 1519, 439, 145 and 41 cases from third, fourth, fifth and sixth treatment lines, respectively. Sixty different therapies were used; the 15 most frequently prescribed encompassed >90% of cases. Overall effectiveness remained <90% in all therapies. Optimised treatments achieved a higher eradication rate than non-optimised (78% vs 67%, p<0.0001). From 2017 to 2021, only 44% of treatments other than 10-day single-capsule therapy used high proton-pump inhibitor doses and lasted ≥14 days. Quadruple therapy containing metronidazole, tetracycline and bismuth achieved optimal eradication rates only when prescribed as third-line treatment, either as 10-day single-capsule therapy (87%) or as 14-day traditional therapy with tetracycline hydrochloride (95%). Triple amoxicillin-levofloxacin therapy achieved 90% effectiveness in Eastern Europe only or when optimised. The overall incidence of adverse events was 31%.ConclusionEmpirical rescue treatment in third and subsequent lines achieved suboptimal effectiveness in most European regions. Only quadruple bismuth-metronidazole-tetracycline (10-day single-capsule or 14-day traditional scheme) and triple amoxicillin-levofloxacin therapies reached acceptable outcomes in some settings. Compliance with empirical therapy optimisation principles is still poor 5 years after clinical practice guidelines update.Trial registration numberNCT02328131.
Changes in aortic valve replacement procedures in Denmark from 2008 to 2020
Authors: Graversen Peter Laursen , Butt Jawad Haider , Østergaard Lauge , Jensen Andreas Dalsgaard , Warming Peder Emil , Strange Jarl Emanuel , Møller Christian H , Schou Morten , De Backer Ole , Køber Lars , Fosbøl Emil Loldrup 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionSince 2007, transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has emerged as another treatment strategy for severe symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS) compared with surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). The objectives were to compare annual rates of aortic valve replacement (AVR) procedures performed in Denmark in the era of TAVI and to assess proportion of AVRs stratified by age with use of age recommendations presented in current guidelines.MethodsUsing Danish nationwide registries, we identified first-time AVRs between 2008 and 2020. Patients who were not diagnosed with AS prior to AVR were excludedResultsThe rate of AVRs increased by 39% per million inhabitants from 2008 to 2020. TAVI has steadily increased since 2008, accounting for 64.2% of all AVRs and 72.5% of isolated AVRs by 2020. Number of isolated SAVRs decreased from 2014 and onwards. The proportion of TAVI increased significantly across age groups (<75 and ≥75 years of age, ptrend<0.001), and TAVI accounted for 91.5% of isolated AVR procedures in elderly patients (aged ≥75 years). Length of hospital stay were significantly reduced for all AVRs during the study period (ptrendall<0.001).ConclusionsThe number of AVRs increased from 2008 to 2020 due to adaptation of TAVI, which represented 2/3 of AVRs and more than 70% of isolated AVRs. In elderly patients, the increased use of AVR procedures was driven by TAVI, in agreement with the age recommendations in current guidelines; however, TAVI was used more frequently in patients aged <75 years, accompanied by a flattening use of SAVR.