bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among healthcare workers
Authors: Wiggen Talia D. , Bohn Bruno , Ulrich Angela K. , Stovitz Steven D. , Strickland Ali J. , Naumchik Brianna M. , Walsh Sara , Smith Stephen , Baumgartner Brett , Kline Susan , Yendell Stephanie , Hedberg Craig , Beebe Timothy J. , Demmer Ryan T. 
Published: April 2022

Background
Monitoring COVID-19 infection risk among health care workers (HCWs) is a public health priority. We examined the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among HCWs following the fall infection surge in Minnesota, and before and after COVID-19 vaccination. Additionally, we assessed demographic and occupational risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods
We conducted two rounds of seroprevalence testing among a cohort of HCWs: samples in round 1 were collected from 11/22/20–02/21/21 and in round 2 from 12/18/20–02/15/21. Demographic and occupational exposures assessed with logistic regression were age, sex, healthcare role and setting, and number of children in the household. The primary outcome was SARS-CoV-2 IgG seropositivity. A secondary outcome, SARS-CoV-2 infection, included both seropositivity and self-reported SARS-CoV-2 test positivity.

Results
In total, 459 HCWs were tested. 43/454 (9.47%) had a seropositive sample 1 and 75/423 (17.7%) had a seropositive sample 2. By time of sample 2 collection, 54% of participants had received at least one vaccine dose and seroprevalence was 13% among unvaccinated individuals. Relative to physicians, the odds of SARS-CoV-2 infection in other roles were increased (Nurse Practitioner: OR[95%CI] 1.93[0.57,6.53], Physician’s Assistant: 1.69[0.38,7.52], Nurse: 2.33[0.94,5.78], Paramedic/EMTs: 3.86[0.78,19.0], other: 1.68[0.58,4.85]). The workplace setting was associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection (p = 0.04). SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among HCWs reporting duties in the ICU vs. those working in an ambulatory clinic was elevated: OR[95%CI] 2.17[1.01,4.68].

Conclusions
SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in HCW increased during our study period which was consistent with community infection rates. HCW role and setting—particularly working in the ICU—is associated with higher risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Polyphosphate nanoparticles enhance the fibrin stabilization by histones more efficiently than linear polyphosphates
Authors: Lovas Miklós , Tanka-Salamon Anna , Beinrohr László , Voszka István , Szabó László , Molnár Kinga , Kolev Krasimir 
Published: April 2022

Introduction
Beyond the three-dimensional fibrin network, the mechanical and lytic stability of thrombi is supported by the matrix of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) composed of polyanionic DNA meshwork with attached proteins including polycationic histones. Polyphosphates represent another type of polyanions, which in their linear form are known to enhance the fibrin stabilizing effects of DNA and histones. However, in vivo polyphosphates are also present in the form of nanoparticles (PolyP-NP), the interference of which with the fibrin/NET matrix is poorly characterized.

Aims
To compare the effects of linear and nanoparticulate polyphosphates, and their combinations with relevant NET components (DNA, histone H3) on fibrin formation, structure, and lysis in in vitro assays focusing on histone-polyphosphate interactions.

Methods
Transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering for stability of the PolyP-NP preparations. Turbidimetry for kinetics of fibrinogen clotting by thrombin and fibrin dissolution by tissue-type plasminogen activator/plasminogen. Scanning electron microscopy for fibrin structure. Surface plasmon resonance for strength of histone-PolyP interactions.

Results
Both linear PolyP and PolyP-NP accelerated the fibrin formation and slowed down its dissolution and these effects were strongly dependent on the number of individual PolyP particles and not on their size. Addition of DNA did not modify significantly the PolyP-NP effects on fibrin formation and lysis. Both linear and nanoparticulate PolyP counteracted the effect of histone in the acceleration of fibrinogen clotting by thrombin. PolyP-NP, but not linear PolyP enhanced the prolongation of lysis time in fibrin containing histone and caused more pronounced thickening of the fibrin fibers than the linear form. Finally, PolyP-NP bound weaker to histone than the linear form.

Conclusions
The interaction of PolyP with histone was a stronger modulator of fibrin formation and lysis than its interaction with DNA. In addition, the PolyP nanoparticles enhanced the thrombus stabilizing effects of histone more effectively than linear PolyP.
Marginal differences in preimplantation morphokinetics between conventional IVF and ICSI in patients with preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A): A sibling oocyte study
Authors: De Munck Neelke , Bayram Aşina , Elkhatib Ibrahim , Abdala Andrea , El-Damen Ahmed , Arnanz Ana , Melado Laura , Lawrenz Barbara , Fatemi Human Mousavi 
Published: April 2022

Objective
This study aimed to analyze the morphokinetic behaviour between conventional IVF and ICSI, in cycles with preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A).

Materials
A randomized controlled trial (NCT03708991) was conducted in a private fertility center. Thirty couples with non-male factor infertility were recruited between November 2018 and April 2019. A total of 568 sibling cumulus oocyte complexes were randomly inseminated with conventional IVF and ICSI and cultured in an Embryoscope time-lapse system. The morphokinetic behaviour of IVF/ICSI sibling oocytes was analysed as primary endpoint. As secondary endpoints, morphokinetic parameters that predict blastocysts that will be biopsied, the day of biopsy, gender and euploid outcome was assessed.

Results
When comparing IVF to ICSI, only the time to reach the 2-cell stage (t2) was significantly delayed for IVF embryos: OR: 1.282 [1.020–1.612], p = 0.033. After standardizing for tPNf (ct parameters), only Blast(tStartBlastulation-t2) remained significant: OR: 0.803 [0.648–0.994], p = 0.044. For the analysis of zygotes that will be biopsied on day 5/6 versus zygotes without biopsy, only early morphokinetic parameters were considered. All parameters were different in the multivariate model: ct2: OR: 0.840 [0.709–0.996], p = 0.045; ct6: OR: 0.943 [0.890–0.998], p = 0.043; cc2(t3-t2): OR: 1.148 [1.044–1.263], p = 0.004; cc3(t5-t3): OR: 1.177 [1.107–1.251], p<0.0001. When comparing the development between blastocysts biopsied on day 5 versus day 6, only three morphokinetic parameters were significant: cc2(t3-t2): OR: 1.394 [1.010–1.926], p = 0.044; ctBlastocyst: OR: 0.613 [0.489–0.768], p<0.0001 and ctExpandedBlastocyst: OR: 0.913 [0.868–0.960], p = 0.0004. Multivariate analysis of gender and ploidy did not reveal differences in morphokinetic behaviour.

Conclusion
Minor morphokinetic differences are observed between IVF and ICSI. Early in the development, distinct cleavage patterns are observed between embryos that will be biopsied or not.
A prospective study of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection among individuals involved in academic research under limited operations during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Pettifor Audrey , DiPrete Bethany L. , Shook-Sa Bonnie E. , Premkumar Lakshmanane , Kuczynski Kriste , Dittmer Dirk , Aiello Allison , Wallet Shannon , Maile Robert , Tan Joyce , Jadi Ramesh , Pluta Linda , de Silva Aravinda M. , Weber David J. , Kim Min , Seña Arlene C. , Jones Corbin D. 
Published: April 2022

Background
Early in the pandemic, transmission risk from asymptomatic infection was unclear, making it imperative to monitor infection in workplace settings. Further, data on SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence within university populations has been limited.

Methods
We performed a longitudinal study of University research employees on campus July-December 2020. We conducted questionnaires on COVID-19 risk factors, RT-PCR testing, and SARS-CoV-2 serology using an in-house spike RBD assay, laboratory-based Spike NTD assay, and standard nucleocapsid platform assay. We estimated prevalence and cumulative incidence of seroconversion with 95% confidence intervals using the inverse of the Kaplan-Meier estimator.

Results
910 individuals were included in this analysis. At baseline, 6.2% (95% CI 4.29–8.19) were seropositive using the spike RBD assay; four (0.4%) were seropositive using the nucleocapsid assay, and 44 (4.8%) using the Spike NTD assay. Cumulative incidence was 3.61% (95% CI: 2.04–5.16). Six asymptomatic individuals had positive RT-PCR results.

Conclusions
Prevalence and incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections were low; however, differences in target antigens of serological tests provided different estimates. Future research on appropriate methods of serological testing in unvaccinated and vaccinated populations is needed. Frequent RT-PCR testing of asymptomatic individuals is required to detect acute infections, and repeated serosurveys are beneficial for monitoring subclinical infection.
Effects of Complex Vs. Compound Training on Competitive Throwing Performance
Authors: Thomas Kyriazis , Spyridon Methenitis , Nikolaos Zaras , Angeliki-Nikolleta Stasinaki , Giorgos Karampatsos , Giorgos Georgiadis , Gerasimos Terzis 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Thomas, K, Spyridon, M, Nikolaos, Z, Angeliki-Nikolleta, S, Giorgos, K, Giorgos, G, and Gerasimos, T. Effects of complex vs. compound training on competitive throwing performance. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2022—The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of complex (CPX; strength and power exercises in pairs) vs. compound (CPD; strength and power exercises in different days) training on competitive track and field throwing performance. Ten well-trained throwers (7 male throwers and 3 female throwers) followed a 34-week periodized training program including 2 preparation periods. During the winter 4-week, precompetition phase, athletes were randomly assigned to CPX or CPD groups, while the opposite assignment was performed during the spring precompetition phase (counterbalanced design). Before and after each training period competitive track and field throwing performance, shot put throws, snatch, squat and bench press 1 repetition maximum (1RM), vertical jumps, rate of force development (RFD), and body composition were evaluated. Competitive track and field throwing performance increased significantly by 5.4 ± 2.9% and 1.9 ± 1.7%, after CPX and CPD, respectively, with a significant difference between groups (p < 0.001). Shot put throws and 1RM strength in bench press increased similarly after both programs (p < 0.05), but vertical jumps increased only after CPX training. CPX induced greater increases in 1RM strength in snatch and squat, RFD, and lean body mass compared with CPD (p < 0.005). The linear combination of training-induced changes in RFD 150ms, 1RM in squat, snatch, and total lean mass explained the 80% of the percentage increase in competitive track and field throwing performance (p = 0.007). These results suggest that 4 weeks of CPX training during the precompetition period induce greater increases in competitive track and field throwing performance, 1RM strength, power, and RFD compared with CPD training.
Single cell variability of CRISPR‐Cas interference and adaptation
Authors: McKenzie Rebecca E , Keizer Emma M , Vink Jochem N A , van Lopik Jasper , Büke Ferhat , Kalkman Vera , Fleck Christian , Tans Sander J , Brouns Stan J J 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWhile CRISPR‐Cas defence mechanisms have been studied on a population level, their temporal dynamics and variability in individual cells have remained unknown. Using a microfluidic device, time‐lapse microscopy and mathematical modelling, we studied invader clearance in Escherichia coli across multiple generations. We observed that CRISPR interference is fast with a narrow distribution of clearance times. In contrast, for invaders with escaping PAM mutations we found large cell‐to‐cell variability, which originates from primed CRISPR adaptation. Faster growth and cell division and higher levels of Cascade increase the chance of clearance by interference, while slower growth is associated with increased chances of clearance by priming. Our findings suggest that Cascade binding to the mutated invader DNA, rather than spacer integration, is the main source of priming heterogeneity. The highly stochastic nature of primed CRISPR adaptation implies that only subpopulations of bacteria are able to respond quickly to invading threats. We conjecture that CRISPR‐Cas dynamics and heterogeneity at the cellular level are crucial to understanding the strategy of bacteria in their competition with other species and phages.
Consumo de Helecho Macho (Pteridium caudatum) e inocuidad láctea en bovinos de Coto-Brus, Puntarenas
Authors: Burgos-Álvarez Daniela , Chacón-Villalobos Alejandro , Villalobos-Villalobos Luis A. 
Published: April 2022

Los compuestos antinutricionales contenidos en plantas pueden asociarse con una afectación a través del consumo de sus productos derivados, tanto en la salud animal como en la humana. El ptaquilósido presente en helechos Pteridium caudatum (L.) Maxon es un ejemplo. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar evidencia de consumo de Pteridium por bovinos lecheros y cuantificar el contenido de ptaquilósido presente en leche. Se evaluaron dos fincas lecheras ubicadas en Coto Brus, Puntarenas, entre enero y julio de 2019. Los hatos en ambas fincas contaban con patrón multirracial predominante con cruces de raza Holstein, Jersey y Simbrah. Se determinó una producción de biomasa en los potreros de pastoreo de 1,4-2,3 ton MS/ha para Brachiaria humidicola y 1,7-1,9 ton MS/ha de forraje Brachiaria brizantha; con suelos de tipo andisol un pH de 6,3; acidez de 0,13 cmol(+)/L y 0,15 cmol(+)/L; CICE de 12,52 cmol(+)/L y 9,48 cmol(+)/L; y con un porcentaje de cobertura del helecho Pteridium caudatum (L) Maxon de 15-19% y 13-15%, en las fincas 1 y 2 respectivamente. En ambas fincas, el ganado mostró una preferencia de consumo del helecho en estados fenológicos tempranos, etapas en las que los contenidos de ptaquilósido son mayores (253-1138 mg/Kg/MS), expresados como pterosina B. El contenido de ptaquilósido encontrado en leche (0,39-0,91 mg/L) en este estudio, es evidencia indirecta del consumo por parte de los animales. La presencia de Pteridium en potreros pastoreados por vacas en producción debe controlarse para evitar su potencial transferencia a productos lácteos.
Serum fetuin-A level is independent of Helicobacter pylori postinfection status in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Márkus Bernadett , Temesszentandrási György , Vörös Krisztián , Jakab László , Fekete Béla , Farkas Henriette , Prohászka Zoltán , Masszi Tamás , Kalabay László 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori is a common pathogen causing gastric inflammation and malignancy. Fetuin-A is a multifunctional protein that is involved in the regulation of calcification, insulin resistance and inflammation. Reports on serum levels of fetuin-A in acute H. pylori infection are contradictory. We intended to see whether H. pylori post-infection status has a long-term effect on serum fetuin-A levels in a well-characterized series of systemic lupus erythematosus cases.
In this cross-sectional study 117 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus were enrolled. Helicobacter infection status and serum fetuin-A concentration were determined by ELISA and radial immunodiffusion, respectively. H. pylori positive patients had higher serum fetuin-A concentration than negative ones: 517 (456–603) vs. 476 (408–544) mg L−1, median (25–75% percentiles), P = 0.020. No other parameters differed between these groups. During univariate regression analysis fetuin-A levels were associated with Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), White blood cell count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), serum total protein, albumin, and the SLEDAI index at the time of diagnosis but only serum albumin remained a significant determinant in multivariate regression study.
The Colombian Constitutional Court from a Prodemocratic Reading
Authors: Agudelo Agudelo Carlos Alberto 
Published: April 2022

This article has four parts. The first one shows the reception of the “Countermajoritarian Difficulty” (CMD) in Colombia, it is to say, how the tension between judges an democracy,a constitutional topic created by Alexander Bickel in America, was received. The second part explains the answer that constitutional judges in Colombia gave to the tension with thedemocratic principle by promoting dialogical rulings. The third one describes, in a general way, the LGTBI movement in Colombia and dialogues it generated in the Constitutional Court to achieve the protection of their rights against majorities. Finally, in the fourth part, some jurisprudence lines of the Colombian Court are shown to demonstrate how it promotes, collaborates, and aids democracy when this is not granted by the representatives.
Supremacía constitucional en el derecho comparado
Authors: González Quintero Rodrigo , Sarmiento Lamus Andrés , Guzmán Gómez Camilo 
Published: April 2022

El concepto de supremacía de la Constitución es hoy el elemento esencial del constitucionalismo contemporáneo, el cual es resultado de importantes evoluciones en el tiempo y se ha visto reforzado en muchos países con la creación del control de constitucionalidad. Sin embargo, esta noción tiene contenidos variables en función de cada tradición y de cadasistema jurídico, de manera que no es una cuestión resuelta. Un análisis desde el derecho comparado permite abarcar la supremacía de la Constitución desde ópticas diversas y estudiar sus diferentes elementos para darle un contorno más certero a esta. Específicamente, este artículo hace un análisis jurisprudencial que permite establecer las aracterísticaspropias de este concepto en diferentes sistemas jurídicos y mostrar su actualidad e importancia.
A randomised control trial to compare comfort, rate of injury and speed whilst running using prefabricated orthotics inserted into running shoes versus running with no additional orthotics inside the running shoe
Authors: Ampat George , Rhodes Samantha , Sims Jonathan , Ismail Shaik Ashraf Bin Shaik 
Published: April 2022

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Running is one of the most accessible and most popular sports globally. However, an increase in popularity has been followed by an increase in running-related injuries. An orthotic is a device fitted into the shoe for the proposed function of improving cushioning, sensory feedback, and comfort whilst also reducing the incidence of running-related injuries. The current study was a randomised control trial to assess the injury incidence, performance and comfort of runners using a prefabricated orthotic, compared to runners not using a prefabricated orthotic.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> One hundred and six runners will be randomised either into the intervention group or the control group. The intervention group will be supplied with prefabricated orthotics and the control group won’t be supplied with orthotics. Data will be collected regarding running-related injuries, distance run, time spent running and comfort during running. The study will span eight weeks. The first two and last two weeks will collect injury-related data only. Weeks three, four, five and six will collect both running and injury-related data. Participants must supply data from at least ten runs and eight injury reports. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Running with orthotics has been shown to provide cushioning and improved proprioception, thereby decreasing the incidence of running-related injuries, improving performance, and increasing comfort. This paper aims to present a scientifically sound protocol to add to the existing knowledge surrounding the use of orthotics for runners.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Trial Registration:</strong> This trial was registered in May 2021 (NCT04901442).</p>
Study of clinical outcome of single intra-articular injection of artificial hyaluronic acid preparation in patients with grade III and grade IV knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Choudhary Sumedh , Ghoti Santosh 
Published: April 2022

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Knee<strong> </strong>osteoarthritis (OA) is problematic in elderlies. Intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid (HA) has been used with good results in patients with early OA, but evidence to recommend their use in late stages is insufficient. The aim of the study was to analyse whether intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid preparation can provide relief in patients with grade III and grade IV knee OA.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This observational study was conducted over 2 years amongst patients with late knee arthritis. On standing radiographs, patients were categorized- group 1 with stage III and group 2 with stage IV knee OA. Standardized technique was employed in all participants for single shot intra-articular hylan-GF-20 injection. Clinical outcomes were evaluated at 3, 6 and 12 months.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Group 1 patients showed significant improvement in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) scores at 3, 6 and 12 months (p&lt;0.05). In group 2, improvement was noted in WOMAC score for pain and function at 3 months (p&lt;0.05). There was no significant improvement in functional and total WOMAC score at 6 and 12 months (p&gt;0.05). Results for the new OA research society international (OARSI) responder criteria measures for proposition D reflected that, 94.87% and 25% patients were responder and 5.13% and 75% of patients were non-responder in group 1 (grade III) and group 2 (grade IV) respectively at the end of 6 months.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In patients with grade III and grade IV knee OA, a single intra-articular injection of HA preparation (Hylan GF-20) showed pain relief for medium and short duration respectively. TKA remains the mainstay of management.</p><p> </p>
The need for academic writing: An online in-service training for academicians
Authors: Ihtiyaryer Begüm , Alci Bülent 
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate an in-service training on academic writing for research assistants at a private university in İstanbul, Turkey. Based on the steps of curriculum development, and online 9-hour in-service academic writing training was designed. Twelve research assistants participated in the training. The embedded mixed method design was applied to conduct the research. An academic-writing task was implemented as a pre-test and a post-test. The relation between the two tasks was analysed via the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. During the sessions, interview forms were used to gather data regarding the effectiveness of the program, and content analysis was used to analyse it. At the end of the training, the participants were asked to fill in the program-evaluation form. The data were analysed via descriptive analysis. As a result, it was seen that there was a significant difference between the pre- and post-writing tasks and the program was effective in teaching academic writing.
Keywords: academic writing; in-service training; online; research assistants.