bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral oxycodone self‐administration leads to features of opioid misuse in male and female mice
Authors: Slivicki Richard A. , Earnest Tom , Chang Yu‐Hsuan , Pareta Rajesh , Casey Eric , Li Jun‐Nan , Tooley Jessica , Abiraman Kavitha , Vachez Yvan M. , Wolf Drew K. , Sackey Jason T. , Kumar Pitchai Dhinesh , Moore Terrill , Gereau Robert W. , Copits Bryan A. , Kravitz Alexxai V. , Creed Meaghan C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUse of prescription opioids, particularly oxycodone, is an initiating factor driving the current opioid epidemic. There are several challenges with modelling oxycodone abuse. First, prescription opioids including oxycodone are orally self‐administered and have different pharmacokinetics and dynamics than morphine or fentanyl, which have been more commonly used in rodent research. This oral route of administration determines the pharmacokinetic profile, which then influences the establishment of drug‐reinforcement associations in animals. Moreover, the pattern of intake and the environment in which addictive drugs are self‐administered are critical determinants of the levels of drug intake, of behavioural sensitization and of propensity to relapse behaviour. These are all important considerations when modelling prescription opioid use, which is characterized by continuous drug access in familiar environments. Thus, to model features of prescription opioid use and the transition to abuse, we designed an oral, homecage‐based oxycodone self‐administration paradigm. Mice voluntarily self‐administer oxycodone in this paradigm without any taste modification such as sweeteners, and the majority exhibit preference for oxycodone, escalation of intake, physical signs of dependence and reinstatement of seeking after withdrawal. In addition, a subset of animals demonstrate drug taking that is resistant to aversive consequences. This model is therefore translationally relevant and useful for studying the neurobiological substrates of prescription opioid abuse.
Transcriptome annotation of 17 porcine tissues using nanopore sequencing technology
Authors: Li Jinghui , Guan Dailu , Halstead Michelle M. , Islas‐Trejo Alma D. , Goszczynski Daniel E. , Ernst Catherine W. , Cheng Hao , Ross Pablo , Zhou Huaijun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe annotation of animal genomes plays an important role in elucidating molecular mechanisms behind the genetic control of economically important traits. Here, we employed long‐read sequencing technology, Oxford Nanopore Technology, to annotate the pig transcriptome across 17 tissues from two Yorkshire littermate pigs. More than 9.8 million reads were obtained from a single flow cell, and 69 781 unique transcripts at 50 108 loci were identified. Of these transcripts, 16 255 were found to be novel isoforms, and 22 344 were found at loci that were novel and unannotated in the Ensembl (release 102) and NCBI (release 106) annotations. Novel transcripts were mostly expressed in cerebellum, followed by lung, liver, spleen, and hypothalamus. By comparing the unannotated transcripts to existing databases, there were 21 285 (95.3%) transcripts matched to the NT database (v5) and 13 676 (61.2%) matched to the NR database (v5). Moreover, there were 4324 (19.4%) transcripts matched to the SwissProt database (v5), corresponding to 11 356 proteins. Tissue‐specific gene expression analyses showed that 9749 transcripts were highly tissue‐specific, and cerebellum contained the most tissue‐specific transcripts. As the same samples were used for the annotation of cis‐regulatory elements in the pig genome, the transcriptome annotation generated by this study provides an additional and complementary annotation resource for the Functional Annotation of Animal Genomes effort to comprehensively annotate the pig genome.
Expression and T cell regulatory action of the PD‐1 immune checkpoint in the ovary and fallopian tube
Authors: Johnson Joshua , Kim So‐Youn , Sam Peter Ka , Asokan Rengasamy , Cari Evelyn Llerena , Bales Elise S. , Luu Thanh‐Ha , Perez Lauren , Kallen Amanda N. , Nel‐Themaat Liesl , Polotsky Alex J. , Post Miriam D. , Orlicky David J. , Jordan Kimberly R. , Bitler Benjamin G. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractProblemImmune cell trafficking and surveillance within the ovary and fallopian tube are thought to impact fertility and also tumorigenesis in those organs. However, little is known of how native cells of the ovary and fallopian tube interact with resident immune cells. Interaction of the Programmed Cell Death Protein‐1 (PD‐1/PDCD‐1/CD279) checkpoint with PD‐L1 is associated with downregulated immune response. We have begun to address the question of whether PD‐1 ligand or its receptors (PD‐L1/‐L2) can regulate immune cell function in these tissues of the female reproductive tract.Method of studyPD‐1 and ligand protein expression was evaluated in human ovary and fallopian tube specimens, the latter of which included stages of tubal cell transformation and early tumorigenesis. Ovarian expression analysis included the determination of the proteins in human follicular fluid (HFF) specimens collected during in vitro fertilization procedures. Finally, checkpoint bioactivity of HFF was determined by treatment of separately‐isolated human T cells and the measurement of interferon gamma (IFNγ).ResultsWe show that membrane bound and soluble variants of PD‐1 and ligands are expressed by permanent constituent cell types of the human ovary and fallopian tube, including granulosa cells and oocytes. PD‐1 and soluble ligands were present in HFF at bioactive levels that control T cell PD‐1 activation and IFNγ production; full‐length checkpoint proteins were found to be highly enriched in HFF exosome fractions.ConclusionThe detection of PD‐1 checkpoint proteins in the human ovary and fallopian tube suggests that the pathway is involved in immunomodulation during folliculogenesis, the window of ovulation, and subsequent egg and embryo immune‐privilege. Immunomodulatory action of receptor and ligands in HFF exosomes is suggestive of an acute checkpoint role during ovulation. This is the first study in the role of PD‐1 checkpoint proteins in human tubo‐ovarian specimens and the first examination of its potential regulatory action in the contexts of normal and assisted reproduction.
Extrinsic outflow graft flow obstruction in patients with HeartMate3 LVAD
Authors: Ajello Silvia , Pieri Marina , Bertoglio Luca , Altizio Savino , Nardelli Pasquale , Scandroglio Anna Mara 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBlood flow obstruction at the level of the outflow graft is a rare but severe complication of LVAD support. We present a series of five patients supported with HeartMate3 LVAD (Abbott Labs, Chicago, IL) that developed an outflow graft obstruction after 607–1250 days of support, during prolonged antithrombotic therapy. Three patients presented with severe symptoms of heart failure, were treated with endovascular stenting and experienced full recovery. Preoperative computed tomography angiography and intraoperative angiography together with intravascular ultrasound provided diagnosis and guided treatment. In two patients, outflow obstruction was an occasional finding at imaging without heart failure symptoms and a “watchful waiting” approach was adopted: delayed treatment in one of them was futile. This late adverse event is peculiar for its pathophysiology and not yet discussed among the mechanical circulatory support community.
Increased duration and similar outcomes of V‐V ECLS in patients with COVID‐19 ARDS compared to non‐COVID ARDS: Single center experience
Authors: Benedetto Maria , Piccone Giulia , Baiocchi Massimo , Cerchierini Elisa , Adversi Marco , Rossi Agostino , Dell'Olio Alessio , Di Luca Daniela , Castelli Andrea , Ranieri V. Marco , Tonetti Tommaso 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundVeno‐venous extracorporeal life support (V‐V ECLS or V‐V ECMO) has been adopted as a rescue support in severe cases of COVID‐19 ARDS. Initial reports on the use of V‐V ECLS in COVID‐19 patients reported very high mortality rates (57%–94%), but subsequent studies showed much lower rates (30%–40%). The aim of this study is to analyze demographic features, clinical course and outcomes of COVID‐19 treated with V‐V ECLS during the Italian ‘third wave’, in which the alpha variant was prevalent in the country.MethodsSingle‐center, retrospective observational study conducted at the ECLS referral center of a teaching hospital in Italy from January 1st, 2021 and October 31st, 2021.ResultsBetween January and October 2021, 18 consecutive adult patients who underwent V‐V ECLS for severe ARDS due to COVID‐19 were enrolled. Thirteen patients (72.2%) were male, and their median age was 50 years; the median P/F ratio before V‐V ECLS initiation was 43 mm Hg (IQR, 40; 56), and the median RESP score was 0.5 (IQR, −2.25; 1.0). The mortality rate at 90 days was 55.6, compared to 55.7% in non‐COVID patients in our center (p > 0.05); the median duration of ECLS was 29 days (IQR, 11; 32), compared to 10 days (IQR, 8; 15), in non‐COVID patients (p = 0.004). Incidence of complications was high.ConclusionsIn patients with COVID‐19 ARDS receiving V‐V ECLS, unadjusted mortality was similar to pre‐pandemic V‐V ECLS cases, while the duration of ECLS was almost three times longer and with frequent complications. This could be partly explained by the selection of very sick patients at the baseline that evolved to multiorgan failure during the course of ECLS.
Progenitor cell‐derived basophils: A novel barcoded passive degranulation assay in allergic diseases
Authors: Wu Jiakai , Bahri Rajia , Tsoumani Marina , Semic‐Jusufagic Aida , Murray Clare S. , Custovic Adnan , Guibas George V. , Bennett Miriam , Wang Ran , Gauvreau Gail , Cusack Ruth , Mills Clare , Bulfone‐Paus Silvia , Simpson Angela 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundEffector cells assays provide an overall measure of responsiveness to allergen, but the lack of reliable and high‐throughput assays limits the clinical utility. We aimed to develop a high‐throughput basophil activation test based on human progenitor cell‐derived basophils (PCB) and investigate the role of PCB activation test (PCBAT) in allergic diseases.MethodsProgenitor cell‐derived basophils were differentiated from CD34+ progenitor cells and sensitized with sera from subjects sensitized to cat, peanut or atopic controls. Sensitized PCBs were stimulated with increasing concentrations of the corresponding allergens in vitro. Degranulation was assessed by measuring CD63 expression using flow cytometry. The correlations between PCBAT and clinical allergy were assessed.ResultsFollowing passive sensitization of the mature PCBs with serum and allergen stimulation, an allergen specific dose‐dependent increase in CD63 expression was observed. Sera from subjects sensitized to cat (n = 35, of which 17 subjects had clinical reactivity quantified using inhaled allergen challenge), peanut allergic (n = 30, of which 15 subjects had clinical reactivity validated using double blind, placebo controlled food challenges [DBPCFC]), peanut‐sensitized but tolerant subjects (n = 5) were used to sensitize PCBs. PCBAT area under the curve (AUC) correlated with sIgE (r2 = .49, p = .001) in subjects sensitized to cat (sIgE ≥ 0.35KU/L). The provocation concentration of inhaled cat allergen (PC20) correlated with PCBAT AUC (r2 = .33, p = .016). In subjects sensitized to peanut, PCBAT AUC was highly correlated with sIgE to Ara h 2 (r2 = .59, p < .0001). Peanut threshold cumulative dose during DBPCFC was negatively correlated with PCBAT AUC (r2 = .57, p = .001) and IgE to Ara h1 (r2 = .55, p = .007), but not with sIgE to whole peanut or Ara h2. All peanut‐sensitized but tolerant subjects showed no reaction to peanut on PCBAT.ConclusionProgenitor cell‐derived basophils activation test is a high‐throughput assay, which correlates with clinical allergy and may confer a powerful alternative tool in allergy testing.
Adverse reactions to cosmetics reported to the Chongqing adverse drug reaction monitoring centre system in China
Authors: Wang Sha , Jiang Yang , Lyu Jing , Li Jiajia , Diao Qingchun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundCosmetic adverse reactions (CARs) are becoming widespread in China. However, a comprehensive analysis of data is lacking.ObjectiveTo analyse the clinical characteristics of patients with reported adverse reactions to cosmetics in Chongqing, China.MethodsCases with CARs reported to the Chongqing Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Centre System from 2017 to 2021 were analysed.ResultsA total of 23 245 cases were identified, of which 94.5% were women. Contact dermatitis (84.3%) was the most common diagnosis of CARs, followed by acne (3.1%). The most frequently reported clinical signs were erythema (70.1%), followed by papules (35.5%). The majority of CARs were reported to be due to ordinary cosmetics (87.9%), of which 81.0% were skin care products and 7.1% were makeup products. Cosmetics with special functions constituted 12.2%, of these, skin whitening (54.0%) and sunscreen (28.0%) products were most frequently reported.ConclusionOur results suggest that adverse reactions to cosmetics are of concern in China, and dermatologists should actively identify and diagnose CARs. In addition, we should establish a convenient and effective model for collecting, reporting, and evaluating CARs.
Infants’ sense of approximate numerosity: Heritability and link to other concurrent traits
Authors: Viktorsson Charlotte , Lindskog Marcus , Li Danyang , Tammimies Kristiina , Taylor Mark J. , Ronald Angelica , Falck‐Ytter Terje 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe ability to perceive approximate numerosity is present in many animal species, and emerges early in human infants. Later in life, it is moderately heritable and associated with mathematical abilities, but the etiology of the Approximate Number System (ANS) and its degree of independence from other cognitive abilities in infancy is unknown. Here, we assessed the phenotypic specificity as well as the influence of genetic and environmental factors on the ANS in a sample of 5‐month‐old twins (N = 514). We found a small‐to‐moderate but statistically significant effect of genetic factors on ANS acuity (heritability = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.33), but only when differences in numerosity were relatively large (1:4 ratio). Non‐verbal ability assessed with the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) was found to be heritable (0.47; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.57) and the phenotypic association between ANS acuity and non‐verbal ability performance was close to zero. Similarly, we found no association between ANS acuity and general attention during the task. An unexpected weak but statistically significant negative association between ANS acuity and scores on the receptive language scale of the MSEL was found. These results suggest that early ANS function may be largely independent from other aspects of non‐verbal development. Further, variability in ANS in infancy seems to, to some extent, reflect genotypic differences in the population.Highlights
Assessing 514 infant twins with eye tracking, we found that infants' sense of approximate numerosity is heritable and not positively associated with concurrent attentional, cognitive or motor abilities.
These results have implications for our understanding of development of mathematical ability and the link between cognitive abilities early in postnatal life.
Education and employment as young adults living with spina bifida transition to adulthood in the USA: A study of the National Spina Bifida Patient Registry
Authors: Liu Tiebin , Ouyang Lijing , Walker William O. , Wiener John S. , Woodward Jason , Castillo Jonathan , Wood Hadley M. , Tanaka Stacy T. , Adams Richard , Smith Kathryn A. , O'Neil Joseph , Williams Tonya R. , Ward Elisabeth A. , Bowman Robin M. , Riley Catharine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimTo describe the education and employment transition experience of young adults with spina bifida (YASB) and investigate factors associated with employment.MethodWe queried education and employment data from the US National Spina Bifida Patient Registry from 2009 to 2019. We applied generalized estimating equations models to analyze sociodemographic and disease‐related factors associated with employment.ResultsA total of 1909 participants (850 males, 1059 females) aged 18 to 26 years contributed 4379 annual visits. Nearly 84% had myelomeningocele and, at last visit, the median age was 21 years (mean 21 years 5 months, SD 2 years 10 months). A total of 41.8% had at least some post‐high school education, and 23.9% were employed. In a multivariable regression model, employment was significantly associated with education level, lower extremity functional level, bowel continence, insurance, and history of non‐shunt surgery. This large, national sample of YASB demonstrated low rates of post‐secondary education attainment and employment and several potentially modifiable factors associated with employment.InterpretationSpecific sociodemographic, medical, and functional factors associated with employment are important for clinicians to consider when facilitating transition for YASB into adulthood. Additional research is needed to understand the impact of cognitive functioning and social determinants of health on transition success in YASB.What this paper adds

There were low education attainment and employment rates in a large sample of young adults with spina bifida.
Specific sociodemographic, medical, and functional factors are associated with employment.
Some employment‐associated factors, such as continence and self‐management skills, are modifiable.
Characteristics and pathogenesis of Koebner phenomenon
Authors: Zhang Xiaolin , Lei Li , Jiang Ling , Fu Chuhan , Huang Jinhua , Hu Yibo , Zhu Lu , Zhang Fan , Chen Jing , Zeng Qinghai 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Koebner phenomenon, also known as isomorphic reaction, refers to the development of secondary lesions with the same clinical manifestations and histopathological characteristics as the primary lesions in normal skin after trauma or other stimuli. The triggering factors of Koebner phenomenon include physical trauma, chemical stimulation, mechanical stress, iatrogenic stimulation and pathogenic infection. Vitiligo, psoriasis and lichen planus are considered true Koebner phenomenon. Recent studies have shown that immunological disorders, oxidative stress, defective melanocyte adhesion and growth factor deficiency are the main pathological mechanisms of vitiligo Koebner phenomenon. In psoriasis, triggers may drive skin inflammation to induce a psoriatic phenotype through multiple signalling pathways and thereby cause Koebner phenomenon in susceptible individuals. Significantly, keratinocytes mediate the occurrence of Koebner phenomenon in psoriasis through mechano‐induced signalling pathways after sensing mechanical signals and explains the high frequency of psoriasis lesions on the extensor side of the elbow and knee joints. On the contrary, TRPA1‐driven mechano‐transduction, autoimmunity and actinic damage are the underlying mechanisms of Koebner phenomenon in lichen planus. In this review, we have summarized the current understanding of the characteristics and pathogenesis of Koebner phenomenon.
Pregnancy and childbirth in women with bleeding disorders: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Young Ashli , Lim Ming Y. , Sanders Jessica , Branch D. Ware , Simonsen Sara E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionReproductive‐age women with bleeding disorders (BDs) are underdiagnosed and understudied, despite their increased risk for adverse health outcomes and pregnancy complications.AimThis study examines pregnancy outcomes and obstetric complications of Utah women with BDs.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study utilized linked birth records and clinical billing data from two large Utah healthcare systems. Utah residents who had their first birth at > 20 weeks gestation (2008–2015) and who received non‐emergent care within either system before delivery were included (n = 61 226). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine relationships between BDs and neonatal and obstetric outcomes.ResultsA total of 295 women (.48%) were included in the BD study population. Women with BDs had significantly increased odds of preterm birth (aOR 1.85, 95% CI 1.32–2.60), Caesarean delivery (aOR 1.38, 95% CI 1.06–1.79), postpartum blood transfusion (aOR 2.55, 95% CI 1.05–6.22), unplanned postpartum hysterectomy (aOR 33.96, 95% CI 7.30–157.89) and transfer to an intensive care unit (aOR 18.18, 95% CI 7.17–46.08). All of the women with BDs who experienced these serious complications were not diagnosed with a BD until the year of their first birth. Additionally, those with BDs were more likely to experience maternal and infant mortality.ConclusionWomen with BDs had an increased risk for preterm birth, Caesarean delivery, blood transfusion, unplanned hysterectomy, intensive care unit admission, maternal and infant mortality. Those who were not diagnosed with a BD before the year of their first birth were at an increased risk for serious pregnancy complications.
Public understanding and awareness of and response to monkeypox virus outbreak: A cross‐sectional survey of the most affected communities in the United Kingdom during the 2022 public health emergency
Authors: Paparini Sara , Whitacre Ryan , Smuk Melanie , Thornhill John , Mwendera Chikondi , Strachan Sophie , Nutland Will , Orkin Chloe 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesOur objective was to examine the public response to public health and media messaging during the human monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak in the UK, focusing on at‐risk communities.MethodsA co‐produced, cross‐sectional survey was administered in June and July 2022 using community social media channels and the Grindr dating app. Basic descriptive statistics, logistic regression, and odds ratio p values are presented.ResultsOf 1932 survey respondents, 1750 identified as men, 88 as women, and 64 as gender non‐conforming. Sexual identity was described as gay/lesbian/queer (80%), bisexual (12%), heterosexual (4%), and pansexual (2%); 39% were aged <40 years; 71% self‐identified as White, 3% as Black, 8% as Asian, 2%as LatinX, and 11% as ‘Mixed or Other’ heritage groups. In total, 85% were employed and 79% had completed higher education. A total of 7% of respondents identified themselves as living with HIV. Overall, 34% reported limited understanding of public health information, 52% considered themselves at risk, 61% agreed that people with MPXV should isolate for 21 days, 49% reported they would first attend a sexual health clinic if symptomatic, 86% reported they would accept a vaccine, and 59% believed that MPXV originated from animals. The most trusted sources of information were healthcare professionals (37%), official health agencies (29%), and mainstream media (12%).ConclusionsVaccine acceptability was very high, yet the understanding and acceptance of public health information varied. Social determinants of health inequalities already shaping the UK landscape risk were compounded in this new emergency. Engagement with structurally disadvantaged members of affected communities and better dissemination of public health messaging by trusted healthcare professionals are essential for the public health response.