bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AI-SPedia: a novel ontology to evaluate the impact of research in the field of artificial intelligence
Authors: Maatouk Yasser 
Published: September 2022

Background
Sharing knowledge such as resources, research results, and scholarly documents, is of key importance to improving collaboration between researchers worldwide. Research results from the field of artificial intelligence (AI) are vital to share because of the extensive applicability of AI to several other fields of research. This has led to a significant increase in the number of AI publications over the past decade. The metadata of AI publications, including bibliometrics and altmetrics indicators, can be accessed by searching familiar bibliographical databases such as Web of Science (WoS), which enables the impact of research to be evaluated and identify rising researchers and trending topics in the field of AI.

Problem description
In general, bibliographical databases have two limitations in terms of the type and form of metadata we aim to improve. First, most bibliographical databases, such as WoS, are more concerned with bibliometric indicators and do not offer a wide range of altmetric indicators to complement traditional bibliometric indicators. Second, the traditional format in which data is downloaded from bibliographical databases limits users to keyword-based searches without considering the semantics of the data.

Proposed solution
To overcome these limitations, we developed a repository, named AI-SPedia. The repository contains semantic knowledge of scientific publications concerned with AI and considers both the bibliometric and altmetric indicators. Moreover, it uses semantic web technology to produce and store data to enable semantic-based searches. Furthermore, we devised related competency questions to be answered by posing smart queries against the AI-SPedia datasets.

Results
The results revealed that AI-SPedia can evaluate the impact of AI research by exploiting knowledge that is not explicitly mentioned but extracted using the power of semantics. Moreover, a simple analysis was performed based on the answered questions to help make research policy decisions in the AI domain. The end product, AI-SPedia, is considered the first attempt to evaluate the impacts of AI scientific publications using both bibliometric and altmetric indicators and the power of semantic web technology.
Association of Adherence to Healthy Lifestyle Recommendations With All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Among Former Smokers
Authors: Inoue-Choi Maki , Ramirez Yesenia , Fukunaga Ami , Matthews Charles E. , Freedman Neal D. 
Published: September 2022

ImportanceThe benefits of smoking cessation are well known, but former smokers have a higher health risk than never smokers. The impact of former smokers’ engaging in other aspects of a healthy lifestyle is unclear.ObjectiveTo assess the association between adherence to evidence-based lifestyle recommendations and mortality among former smokers.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective cohort study included 159 937 participants in the National Institutes of Health–AARP Diet and Health Study of older US adults who completed the baseline and risk factor questionnaires and self-identified as former smokers. Baseline questionnaires were mailed from 1995 to 1996. Data analysis was performed from November 2020 to November 2021.ExposuresAdherence to evidence-based lifestyle recommendations was scored for body weight (scores, 0-2), diet (scores, 0-3), physical activity (scores, 0-2), and alcohol intake (scores, 0-1) recommendations, with higher scores indicating better adherence. Individual lifestyle adherence scores were summed to make a total adherence score (scores, 0-8).Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcomes were all-cause and cause-specific mortality through December 31, 2019, with a mean (SD) follow-up of 18.9 (6.3) years. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs were computed using a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model.ResultsAmong 159 937 former smokers (mean [SD] age, 62.6 [5.2] years; 106 912 [66.9%] male; 149 742 [93.6%] White), 86 127 deaths occurred. A higher total adherence score was associated with lower all-cause mortality (HR per unit increase, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.94-0.95). Compared with the lowest total adherence score category (scores, 0-2), the HRs for all-cause mortality were 0.88 (95% CI, 0.86-0.90) for scores of 3 to 4, 0.80 (95% CI, 0.79-0.82) for scores of 5 to 6, and 0.73 (95% CI, 0.71-0.75) for scores of 7 to 8. Associations were observed regardless of health status, comorbid conditions, the number of cigarettes participants used to smoke per day, years since cessation, and age at smoking initiation. When examined individually, the HRs for highest vs lowest adherence score were 0.86 (95% CI, 0.84-0.88) for body weight, 0.91 (95% CI, 0.90-0.93) for diet, 0.83 (95% CI, 0.81-0.85) for physical activity, and 0.96 (95% CI, 0.94-0.97) for alcohol intake recommendations. Participants with a higher total adherence score also had a lower risk of mortality from cancer, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disease.Conclusions and RelevanceIn a large US cohort of former smokers, better adherence to healthy lifestyle recommendations was associated with lower mortality risk. These results provide evidence that former smokers may benefit from adhering to lifestyle recommendations, as do other groups.
Cetuximab-Based vs Carboplatin-Based Chemoradiotherapy for Patients With Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Sun Lova , Candelieri-Surette Danielle , Anglin-Foote Tori , Lynch Julie A. , Maxwell Kara N. , D’Avella Christopher , Singh Aditi , Aakhus Erin , Cohen Roger B. , Brody Robert M. 
Published: September 2022

ImportanceCetuximab-based and carboplatin-based chemoradiotherapy (CRT) are often used for patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer who are ineligible for cisplatin. There are no prospective head-to-head data comparing cetuximab-based and carboplatin-based regimens for radiosensitization.ObjectiveTo compare survival with cetuximab-based and carboplatin-based CRT in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study included US veterans who received a diagnosis of HNSCC between January 2006 and December 2020 and were treated with systemic therapy and radiation. Data cutoff was March 1, 2022 and data analysis was conducted from April-May 2022.ExposuresCisplatin, cetuximab, or carboplatin-based systemic therapy as captured in VA medication data and cancer registry.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOverall survival by systemic therapy was estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods. We used propensity score and inverse probability weighting to achieve covariate balance between cetuximab-treated and carboplatin-treated patients and used Cox regression to estimate cause-specific hazard ratios of death associated with carboplatin vs cetuximab. We also performed subgroup analyses of patients with oropharynx vs nonoropharynx primary sites.ResultsA total of 8290 patients (median [IQR] age, 63 [58-68] years; 8201 men [98.9%]; 1225 [15.8%] Black or African American and 6424 [82.6%] White individuals) with nonmetastatic HNSCC were treated with CRT with cisplatin (5566 [67%]), carboplatin (1231 [15%]), or cetuximab (1493 [18%]). Compared with cisplatin-treated patients, patients treated with carboplatin and cetuximab were older with worse performance status scores and higher comorbidity burden. Median (IQR) overall survival was 74.4 (22.3-162.2) months in patients treated with cisplatin radiotherapy (RT), 43.4 (15.3-123.8) months in patients treated with carboplatin RT, and 31.1 (12.4-87.8) months in patients treated with cetuximab RT. After propensity score and inverse probability weighting, carboplatin was associated with improved overall survival compared with cetuximab (cause-specific hazard ratio, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.78-0.93; P = .001). This difference was prominent in the oropharynx subgroup.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of a US veteran population with HNSCC undergoing treatment with CRT, almost a third of patients were ineligible to receive treatment with cisplatin and received cetuximab-based or carboplatin-based radiosensitization. After propensity score matching, carboplatin-based systemic therapy was associated with 15% improvement in overall survival compared with cetuximab, suggesting that carboplatin may be the preferred radiosensitizer, particularly in oropharynx cancers.
Association of Intraoperative Frozen Section Controls With Improved Margin Assessment During Transoral Robotic Surgery for Human Papillomavirus–Positive Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Yu Alice C. , Afework David D. , Goldstein Jeffrey D. , Abemayor Elliot , Mendelsohn Abie H. 
Published: September 2022

ImportanceIntraoperative margin assessment is an important technique for ensuring complete tumor resection in malignant cancers. However, in patients undergoing transoral robotic surgery (TORS) for oropharyngeal carcinomas, tissue artifact may provide pathologic uncertainty.ObjectiveTo assess the benefit of providing frozen section control samples (“positive tumor biopsies”) for use during intraoperative margin assessment for patients undergoing TORS for human papillomavirus (HPV)-16–positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this cohort study, patients receiving curative-intent TORS for biopsy-proven HPV-16–positive OPSCC performed by a single attending surgeon (A.H.M.) at Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center from 2017 to 2021 were included in a retrospective data analysis. Exclusion criteria included HPV-negative status, participation in clinical trials, and tumors of unknown primary origin.Main Outcomes and MeasuresSurvival outcomes investigated included overall and disease-free survival. Adverse pathologic outcomes measured included occurrence of nondiagnostic margins and margin reversal from frozen to fixed pathology.ResultsOf the 170 patients included (mean [SD] age, 61.8 [9.9] years; 140 [82%] male), 50% of patients (n = 85) received a frozen section control. Use of a frozen section control was associated with statistically significantly improved sensitivity of intraoperative margin assessment, from 82.8% to 88.9% (difference, 6.1%; 95% CI, 3.9%-8.3%). Eleven percent (n = 18) of all tumors evaluated exhibited at least 1 nondiagnostic intraoperative margin, and 11% (n = 18) experienced margin reversal from frozen to fixed pathology. In patients with nondiagnostic margins, use of frozen section controls was associated with statistically significantly reduced time spent in the operating room (Cohend, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.12-2.14).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, frozen intraoperative margins assessed during TORS resections of HPV-16–positive OPSCC were diagnostically challenging. Adverse pathologic outcomes, such as margin status reversal from positive on frozen pathology to negative on formal analysis, were common. Providing intraoperative frozen section control biopsies may offer clarity in cases with nondiagnostic margins, reducing the need for additional sampling and time spent in the operating room.
Two‐Photon Polymerized Shape Memory Microfibers: A New Mechanical Characterization Method in Liquid
Authors: Minnick Grayson , Safa Bahareh Tajvidi , Rosenbohm Jordan , Lavrik Nickolay V. , Brooks Justin , Esfahani Amir M. , Samaniego Alberto , Meng Fanben , Richter Benjamin , Gao Wei , Yang Ruiguo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTwo‐photon polymerization (TPP) is widely used to create 3D micro‐ and nanoscale scaffolds for biological and mechanobiological studies, which often require the mechanical characterization of the TPP fabricated structures. To satisfy physiological requirements, most of the mechanical characterizations need to be conducted in liquid. However, previous characterizations of TPP fabricated structures are all conducted in air due to the limitation of conventional micro‐ and nanoscale mechanical testing methods. In this study, a new experimental method is reported for testing the mechanical properties of TPP‐printed microfibers in liquid. The experiments show that the mechanical behaviors of the microfibers tested in liquid are significantly different from those tested in air. By controlling the TPP writing parameters, the mechanical properties of the microfibers can be tailored over a wide range to meet a variety of mechanobiology applications. In addition, it is found that, in water, the plasticly deformed microfibers can return to their predeformed shape after tensile strain is released. The shape recovery time is dependent on the size of microfibers. The experimental method represents a significant advancement in mechanical testing of TPP fabricated structures and may help release the full potential of TPP fabricated 3D tissue scaffolds for mechanobiological studies.
Association of serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D with metabolic disturbances in adolescents
Authors: Kaneva Anastasiya M. , Potolitsyna Natalya N. , Bojko Evgeny R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesData concerning the association of vitamin D with metabolic disturbances in adolescents are contradictory. The aim of this study was to identify metabolic abnormalities in adolescents with 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) deficiency and to determine informative indices for the early detection of these metabolic disturbances.MethodsA cross‐sectional observational study including 90 adolescents aged 13–15 years was carried out during the winter. Anthropometric measures were collected. Fasting blood samples were assessed for the following parameters: serum 25(OH)D, lipids, and glucose.ResultsThe majority of the study adolescents had low 25(OH)D concentration. The prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency (<12 ng/ml) and insufficiency (12–20 ng/ml) in adolescents was 34.4% and 55.6%, respectively. Among the metabolic disturbance, hypo‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterolemia prevailed in the adolescents, while hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hyperglycemia were rare. 25(OH)D status showed an association with the metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS‐IR, r = −0.40; p < .001), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol level (r = 0.31; p = .003), atherogenic index of plasma (r = −0.30; p = .004) and body mass index (r = −0.23, p = .032). There were no significant correlations between 25(OH)D level and other lipid or glucose levels. The degree of hypovitaminosis D affects METS‐IR values.Conclusions25(OH)D deficiency in the studied adolescents had not yet manifested serious metabolic diseases. Of all the analyzed parameters, METS‐IR was most strongly associated with 25(OH)D level and can be considered a useful marker of early metabolic disturbances in adolescents with 25(OH)D deficiency.
We are preventing some dementias now—But how? The Potamkin lecture
Authors: Hachinski Vladimir ,   the Dementia Prevention/Brain Health Initiative
Published: September 2022

AbstractMost dementias are untreatable and their prevalence is increasing around the world. However, the incidence of dementia is declining in some countries. We need to find out urgently why and how and apply the lessons promptly and widely.Given the multiplicity and variability of environmental, socioeconomic, and individual risk and protective factors, the approach needs to be comprehensive, customized to work in a particular setting, and cost effective, to justify the needed funding. Stroke, heart disease, and dementia share the same major preventable risk and protective factors and pose risks for each other. Preventing them together might result in efficiencies and economies of scale.Prevention can best occur in existing actionable population health units through established leaders in government, non‐governmental organizations, and the community, around a positive message of promoting brain health as the key to health, productivity, and well‐being.
Structure, properties, and antibacterial behavior of nickel oxide reinforced natural rubber nanocomposites for flexible electronic applications
Authors: Parvathi K. , Ramesan M. T. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, different contents of nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles were inserted into natural rubber (NR) using an industrial compounding technique to improve its process ability, mechanical, thermal stability, conductivity, dielectric constant, antibacterial and optical properties. The Fourier transform infrared spectra of composites showed the characteristic band of NiO at 495 cm−1 indicating the presence of nanoparticles in NR. The insertion of NiO into rubber showed a decrease in bandgap energy than pure NR. The crystalline peaks of nanoparticles in the rubber matrix were confirmed through X‐ray diffraction pattern. The nano size distribution and surface morphology from HR‐TEM and FE‐SEM showed that the nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed throughout the elastomer matrix. The glass transition temperature and thermal stability of the nanocomposites were significantly enhanced by the reinforcement of NiO into the NR matrix. The vulcanization time was greatly reduced with the use of filler, lowering the cost of manufacturing rubber products for the market. The AC conductivity, dielectric properties, tensile strength, tear, heat build‐up, hardness, oil resistance, and antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli of nanocomposites were greatly increased, whereas the elongation‐at‐break, abrasion loss and resilience were decreased with the addition of nanoparticles to the natural rubber.
Crack growth rate determination of highly dispersible silica filled NR/SBR blends along with material parameters around the crack tip
Authors: Bhattacharyya Anandarup , Mishra Nitish , Dolui Tuhin , Chanda Jagannath , Ghosh Prasenjit , Mukhopadhyay Rabindra 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBased on the viscous energy dissipation parameter around the crack tip, several intrinsic factors tend to govern the dissipation factor which in turn leads to the characteristic crack growth mechanism of the rubber vulcanizate. Herein, the crack growth behavior of different filled natural rubber (NR), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), and NR/SBR blends was studied. It was deciphered that the 80/20 NR‐SBR (NSS) compound exhibited the lowest crack growth (dc/dn) value at all strain percentages which was in good accordance with its highest viscous energy dissipation as observed from the DMA (strain sweep) results. Also, from the theoretical calculations, dissipated energy per unit volume for NSS was 4.73 MPa, which was the highest out of all the compounds. This led to a decrement in crack growth. The lowest intensity peak in tan δ versus temperature curve, 6.5% decrement in ΔE'(storage modulus), and almost 44% decrement in ΔG’ (Payne Effect) indicates higher polymer‐filler interaction and lower filler‐filler disintegration respectively, as compared to 100 NR (NRS). The results from optical microscopy and scanning electron microscope suggested that NSS exudes the smallest crack deviation and extent of crack growth with lesser filler agglomerates making NSS the best fatigue‐resistant compound.
Online closed‐loop real‐time tES‐fMRI for brain modulation: A technical report
Authors: Mulyana Beni , Tsuchiyagaito Aki , Misaki Masaya , Kuplicki Rayus , Smith Jared , Soleimani Ghazaleh , Rashedi Ashkan , Shereen Duke , Bergman Til Ole , Cheng Samuel , Paulus Martin P. , Bodurka Jerzy , Ekhtiari Hamed 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRecent studies suggest that transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) can be performed during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The novel approach of using concurrent tES‐fMRI to modulate and measure targeted brain activity/connectivity may provide unique insights into the causal interactions between the brain neural responses and psychiatric/neurologic signs and symptoms, and importantly, guide the development of new treatments. However, tES stimulation parameters to optimally influence the underlying brain activity may vary with respect to phase difference, frequency, intensity, and electrode's montage among individuals. Here, we propose a protocol for closed‐loop tES‐fMRI to optimize the frequency and phase difference of alternating current stimulation (tACS) for two nodes (frontal and parietal regions) in individual participants. We carefully considered the challenges in an online optimization of tES parameters with concurrent fMRI, specifically in its safety, artifact in fMRI image quality, online evaluation of the tES effect, and parameter optimization method, and we designed the protocol to run an effective study to enhance frontoparietal connectivity and working memory performance with the optimized tACS using closed‐loop tES‐fMRI. We provide technical details of the protocol, including electrode types, electrolytes, electrode montages, concurrent tES‐fMRI hardware, online fMRI processing pipelines, and the optimization algorithm. We confirmed the implementation of this protocol worked successfully with a pilot experiment.
A new synthetic cathinone: 3,4‐EtPV or 3,4‐Pr‐PipVP? An unsuccessful attempt to circumvent the German legislation on new psychoactive substances
Authors: Pulver Benedikt , Riedel Jan , Westphal Folker , Luhn Steven , Schönberger Torsten , Schäper Jan , Auwärter Volker , Luf Anton , Pütz Michael 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSynthetic cathinones comprise psychostimulants with desired effects like euphoria, increased vigilance, appetite suppression, and—mainly depending on certain structural features—entactogenic properties. 3,4‐EtPV (1‐(bicyclo[4.2.0]octa‐1,3,5‐trien‐3‐yl)‐2‐(pyrrolidin‐1‐yl)pentan‐1‐one) was first mentioned in an online drug forum in September 2021, where its imminent synthesis was announced. The goal was to produce a legal alternative to the phenylethylamines already banned by the German NpSG. In February and June 2022, two samples labeled with the name and molecular structure of 3,4‐EtPV were analyzed. The molecular structure of the obviously mislabeled compound was elucidated and comprehensively characterized within the ADEBAR project. The synthetic cathinone identified differed from the declared 3,4‐EtPV by a 3,4‐propylene bridge instead of a 3,4‐ethylene bridge and a piperidine ring instead of a pyrrolidine ring. The short name 3,4‐Pr‐PipVP (3,4‐propylene‐2‐(1‐piperidinyl)valerophenone) was suggested as a semisystematic name in collaboration with the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. Herein, the results of the analyses are discussed and will enable forensic laboratories to update their databases quickly and identify 3,4‐Pr‐PipVP confidently. 3,4‐Pr‐PipVP is already scheduled under the German NpSG. This study highlights that there are ongoing efforts to deliberately circumvent generic definitions given, for example, in the German NpSG and that (unintentional?) mislabeling can be an issue. The end user purchasing substances online can never be sure that the material actually supplied will be the one ordered, and he might receive an illicit drug instead of an uncontrolled one. Furthermore, the purity is always unknown, creating health risks due to unexpected effects and potencies.