bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of hemoglobinopathies using high-performance liquid chromatography as diagnostic tool in anemic patients of tertiary care center of Western India
Authors: Singh Virender , Biswas Amit Kumar , Baranwal Ajay Kumar , Asthana Bhushan , Dahiya Tejpal 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

CONTEXT:
Hemoglobinopathies are the most common heterogeneous group of monogenetic disorder in the world and its prevalence varies with geographical regions. India is developing country and many studies show a significant burden of hemoglobinopathies in India.

AIMS:
The aim of the present study was to check the prevalence of various hemoglobinopathies in anemic subjects using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method in Pune region which has multiple ethnic population groups from all parts of India.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:
The present study was conducted at the department of IH and BT on anemic patients referred from different outpatient department and Wards of the hospital and informed consent were taken from all participants.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:
The present study included a total of 2698 individuals’ age ranging from 1.5 to 67 years. The HPLC test was performed using Bio-Rad D-10 analyzer once a week.

RESULTS:
Out of a total of 2698 cases, we found 543 (20.12%) cases with abnormal hemoglobin fractions and 2155 (79.88%) cases free from hemoglobinopathies. Out of the total hemoglobinopathies detected 250 (46%) were male and 293 (54%) were female. The major abnormality detected was beta-thalassemia trait (BTT) with 425 (15.75%) cases, followed by sickle cell disorders 58 (2.15%), HbE 38 (1.41%), hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin 6 (0.22%), HbD Punjab 13 (0.48%), HbD Iran 2 cases and 4 cases of compound heterozygous for HbS beta-thalassemia. Forty (1.48%) cases were detected as borderline with HbA2 level ranges from 3.6% to 3.9%.

CONCLUSIONS:
In our study, we found a high prevalence of hemoglobinopathies among anemic subjects. The most common disorder detected was BTT. Most of the hemoglobinopathies found in our study could be accurately quantified by HPLC which is a rapid, sensitive, and reproducible method for the detection of different hemoglobinopathies.
Epidemiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 antibodies in healthy blood donors and their follow-up
Authors: Chaurasia Rahul , Patidar Gopal Kumar , Pandey Hem Chandra , Palanisamy Suganya , Gupta Vidushi , Chopra Sapna , Coshic Poonam 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Asymptomatic/presymptomatic COVID-19 affected individuals who may appear healthy during blood donor screening can donate blood despite being infective. Most blood donors in India are relatives/friends/acquaintances of patients, who under peer pressure overlook the donor selection process, which can significantly impact the transfusion safety.

AIMS:
The prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies among blood donors was assessed, along with the possible transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 virus in transfusion recipients of blood components prepared from sero-reactive blood donors.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:
A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted among eligible blood donors from November-2020 to April 2021.

METHODS:
1500 blood donors were tested for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies. Sero-reactive donors were followed-up telephonically to inquire about risk factors prior to donation or appearance of COVID-19 related symptoms postdonation. Patients transfused with blood components from seroreactive donors were also followed up for posttransfusion symptoms suggestive for COVID-19. Descriptive analysis was done for the donor and patient follow-up data.

RESULTS:
A total of 452 (30.1%) donor were reactive, with median S/CO ratio of 2.8 (interquartile range 1.5–5.5). Risk factors such as travel, contact, or quarantine were significantly higher among reactive donors. History of diabetes and/or hypertension was associated with seroreactivity. Total 516 patients were transfused with blood components from these seroreactive donors. Three patients developed fever after transfusion, one of which was found to be PCR positive after 4 days of transfusion.

CONCLUSION:
Sero-reactivity rate among blood donors was lower than the general population. Optimum blood donor screening strategies can help decrease the possibility of blood collection from infected blood donors.
Disability associated with premenstrual dysphoric disorder
Authors: Nemani Anusha , Kampalli S. V. R. Naga Pavan Kumar , Nadukuru Nooka Raju 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), is a of emotional, behavioral, and physical symptoms that cause severe functional impairment. This prospective, observational study was performed on students to assess the prevalence, the factors associated with PMS and PMDD, and the functional impairment caused by PMDD in various aspects of life.

Methodology:
The present study was conducted on 224 consenting college students who attained menarche using standardized instruments such as the Daily Record of Severity of Problems, the Carolina Premenstrual Assessment Scoring System, and the Sheehan Disability Scale.

Results:
The prevalence of PMS and PMDD was 19.64% and 4.46%, respectively. disability scores and functional impairment in the study were comparable to other major mental illnesses.

Conclusion:
This study therefore emphasizes the need for identification and prompt management of PMS and PMDD so as to improve the quality of life.
Efficacy of dialectical behavior therapy-A in adolescents with dissociative disorder in India
Authors: Das Sneha , Goyal Nishant , Sayeed Neha 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
Dialectical behavior therapy-A (DBT-A) is a comprehensive, evidence-based treatment for children and adolescents. To date, there is no empirically validated research for adolescents diagnosed with dissociative disorder (DD) which implies the efficacy of DBT-A.

Methods:
This was a hospital-based, prospective, open-label trial based on purposive sampling. It was conducted on 40 adolescents diagnosed with DD. They were divided into study group (N = 20) and treatment-as-usual (TAU; N = 20). The TAU group did not receive any psychotherapy apart from medications, but in the study group, they received pharmacotherapy along with DBT-A module (20 sessions). Multidimensional Inventory of Dissociation and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire were used as outcome measures before and after the intervention and compared between the two groups.

Results:
Findings suggested improvement in the spectrum of dissociative symptoms and cognitive emotion regulations (maladaptive) in sample over 8 weeks at the postassessment phase. However, the outcome measures did not reflect significant improvement in the case of adaptive emotion regulation skills at the post-tests. Further, analyses suggested a mild-to-moderate effect size in terms of therapeutic efficacy in the study group compared to TAU.

Conclusion:
DBT-A intervention module is an effective addition to the management of adolescents diagnosed with DD.
Depression in a case of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis
Authors: Benerji Therissa , Bandla Shailaja , Parvathaneni Krishna Mohan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Venous hemorrhagic infarct due to cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is associated with poor prognosis. A 30-year-old woman was brought to the emergency room with an episode of generalized tonic–clonic seizure, diagnosed with CVST involving superior sagittal sinus and right transverse sinus, and referred to psychiatry in view of symptoms of depression. Mental state examination revealed poor eye contact, decreased personal hygiene, hopelessness, and worthlessness in thought content with a sad mood and affect. A diagnosis of organic depressive disorder was made and managed with sertraline 50 mg/day. Timely diagnosis along with methodical therapeutic management of CVST reduces mortality and morbidity. This case report highlights the importance of being familiar with varied presentations and neuropsychiatric manifestations of CVST.
Diagnostic performance of reduced field-of-view diffusion-weighted imaging-targeted biopsy in suspected prostate cancer patients: A comparison with systematic biopsy
Authors: Qi Tingyue , Cao Haiyan , Sun Hongguang , Du Fang , Feng Hao , Rong Xin , Fan Qibing , Wang Lei 
Published: September 2022

Purpose:
To clarify the diagnostic performance of reduced field-of-view (rFOV) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and compare prostate cancer (PCa) detection rates of rFOV DWI-targeted biopsy (rFOV DWI-TB) with systemic biopsy (SB).

Materials and Methods:
Ninety-eight consecutive patients with suspected PCa (mean prostate-specific antigen [PSA]: 17.85 ng/mL, range, 4-28 ng/mL) were prospectively enrolled in this study. All rFOV DWI data were carried out using PI-RADS V 2.0 assessment category. All patients underwent a 10-core SB and a further 2-4 cores of rFOV DWI-TB. The performance of rFOV DWI was analyzed, and the cancer detection rates between two methods were compared.

Results:
The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for detecting PCa with rFOV DWI were 85.11%, 92.16%, 90.91%, and 87.04%, respectively. Area under curve for rFOV DWI was 0.886. In the digital rectal examination (DRE) normal and PSA ≥ 10 ng/mL subgroups, the PCa detection rates were statistically greater for rFOV DWI-TB than for SB (both P < 0.05). The mean Gleason score of cancers detected by rFOV DWI-TB was significantly higher than that detected by SB (P < 0.05). In addition, the detection rate for rFOV DWI-TB cores was significantly better than for SB cores (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
RFOV DWI allowed for good diagnostic performance in patients suspected of PCa. It may be useful for clinically significant PCa detecting.
Neuroendocrine carcinoma of ovary: Hitherto rare entity in primary ovarian tumors
Authors: Osama Md A. , Rao Seema , Bhardwaj Punita , Mediratta Geeta , Bhalla Sunita , Badwal Sonia 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) of the female genital tract are extremely uncommon. These tumors can be broadly divided into well differentiated (carcinoid) and poorly differentiated NEN (small cell and large cell carcinomas). Occurrence of neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) in ovary has rarely been reported. These high-grade malignant tumors have a fulminant clinical course with a short period of survival, even when diagnosed at an early stage. We hereby report two cases of primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the ovary.
Epidemiological features of COVID-19 in Iran
Authors: Tavakolifard Negah , Moeini Mina , Haddadpoor Asefeh , Amini Zahra , Heidari Kamal , Rezaie Mostafa 
Published: September 2022

Background:
The first confirmed case of COVID-19 in Iran was reported in February 2019. The current study aimed to investigate the epidemiological aspects of COVID-19 disease in Isfahan province and evaluate the chances of infection and death in the population.

Materials and Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 21,203 confirmed cases of COVID-19, based on the polymerase chain reaction test, referred to outpatient facilities from February 2019 to July 2020 in Isfahan province are studied. Disease incidence, mortality, and case fatality rate, as well as odds ratio (OR) of infection and death, were calculated and analyzed using SPSS version 20.

Results:
The highest incidence of the disease was within the age group of 30–39 years 4911 (23.9%) and males 11,561 (54.5%). Mortality in people over 80 years (207 [32.9%]), men (370 cases [58.7%]), diabetics (182 cases [28.9%]), and people with cardiovascular disease (165 people [26.2%]) was more. In multivariate analysis, patients with a cancer diagnosis had the highest OR of death (OR = 4.03 confidence interval [CI]: 2.56–6.35) (P < 0.001), followed by those with immune deficiency disease (OR = 2.46 CI: 1.07–5.63) (P = 0.03). As the number of comorbidities increased, the risk of death increased in the total population, so that in patients with more than 4 underlying diseases, compared to the group without disease, the chance of death increased 6.33 times.

Conclusion:
This study showed that people with cancer and chronic respiratory disease had a higher chance of COVID-19 infection. People over the age of 60, people with cancer, and immunodeficiency also had a higher chance of COVID-19 mortalityW.
The efficacy of hemodialysis on paraquat poisoning mortality
Authors: Eizadi-Mood Nastaran , Jaberi Danial , Barouti Zahra , Rahimi Alireza , Mansourian Marjan , Dorooshi Gholamali , Sabzghabaee Ali Mohammad , Alfred Sam 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Paraquat (PQ) poisoning is a serious public health concern, especially in developing countries, due to its easy access and lack of awareness of potential harms. No effective treatment has been reported yet. Conventional hemodialysis (HD) is still used in many centers for excreting PQ or reducing acute kidney injury, but there is no consensus on its efficacy. Therefore, we aimed to review the HD efficacy in PQ poisoning mortality.

Materials and Methods:
We searched Web of Science, PubMed, Excerpta Medical Database, Google Scholar, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Knowledge, Pro-Quest, ScienceDirect, Springer, Clinical Key, Scientific Information Database, Magiran, and Iran-doc, in publications before January 1, 2020. We compared patients who underwent HD (Group 1) with those who did not (Group 2). The outcome was considered mortality/survival. The data were analyzed by Comprehensive Meta-analysis Software.

Results:
This systematic review and meta-analysis included five studies with a combined total of 203 patients. The patients in the Group 1 had higher mortality than Group 2 (odds ratio, 2.84; 95% confidence interval: 1.22–6.64; P = 0.02). There was no evidence of publication bias (P value for Egger's test = 0.833).

Conclusion:
Although HD did not affect the survival of patients, other variables such as the amount of ingested PQ, poisoning severity, the time between PQ ingestion and the start of HD, duration, and times of HD sessions may influence the results regarding mortality.
Clinical characteristics of COVID-19-infected cancer patients, Isfahan, Iran
Authors: Sharifi Mehran , Vaseghi Golnaz , Nasirian Maryam , Arabzadeh Saeedeh , Pourhadi Marjan , Hajiahmadi Somayeh , Shariati Laleh , Javanmard Shaghayegh Haghjooy 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Cancer patients, as a highly vulnerable population, are receiving a great deal of attention in the current crisis of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). To date, shreds of evidence are not sufficient to the description of COVID-19 outcomes in patients with cancer. This study was performed to evaluate the demographic and clinical characteristics and subsequent outcomes of COVID-19 in cancer patients.

Materials and Methods:
A hospital-based study was conducted involving 66 cancer patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 from January 15, 2020, to December 21, 2020, in Isfahan, Iran. The clinical information was collected by interview and medical records. The statistical analyses were performed to describe categorical variables as well as mean, standard deviation, median, and the interquartile range for quantitative variables.

Results:
In our study, 66 cancer patients with confirmed COVID-19 (age: 17–97 years; 50% female) were included. Leukemia and bone marrow cancer with a frequency of 25.7% were the most common types of cancer among them. Cancer patients mostly complained of fever, cough and fatigue, and shortness of breath. Among 76.9% of patients discharged from the hospital with relative recovery, 23% died; the most common cause of death was acute respiratory distress syndrome. Age, gender, and type of cancer did not affect cancer mortality. COVID-19 had no potential effect to increase the risk of side effects of anticancer therapies.

Conclusion:
The results of our studies revealed that cancer is an important risk factor for the higher rate of mortality in patients with COVID-19. These findings could help physicians for the management, treatment, and supportive care of COVID-19 cancer patients.
Total hip arthroplasty revision etiologies
Authors: Teimouri Mehdi , Motififard Mehdi , Lalehzar Sahar Sadat , Hatami Saeed , Raeisi Sina 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Complications after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) are the most common reason for revision. Due to the high prevalence of revision surgery, we investigated the frequency of postprimary THA complications and related risk factor revision surgery.

Materials and Methods:
This is a cohort study that was performed in 2011–2019 on all patients who underwent primary THA surgery re-admitted to the Kashani and Saadi Hospital affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Science, Iran, due to some complications after THA. Demographic and basic data were collected from patient's medical documents. Harris hip score (HHS) was calculated for all patients 6 months after the last surgery. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software version 21. Appropriate statistical tests were conducted to compare the results between the study groups.

Results:
Among 1260 patients who underwent primary THA, 1006 of them entered the study after applying the exclusion criteria. Thirty nine patients were under revision, 53.8% had prosthesis infection, 56.4% had instability, 6% had aseptic loosening, and 30.8% had periprosthetic fracture. Odds ratio for the above complications were 45.5, 45, 6.4, and 15.5, respectively. HHS postoperatively was also significantly (P < 0.001) higher in patients without revision. No correlation between gender or surgeon experience and revision was detected; however wound discharge (P < 0.001), body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.003), and Infection during hospitalization (P < 0.001) affect revision rate significantly. All four postsurgery complications, i.e., instability, postoperative prothesis infections, periprosthetic fractures, and aseptic loosening, significantly increased the risk of revision (P < 0.001, for all).

Conclusion:
Instability, prosthetic infections, periprosthetic fractures, and aseptic loosening were the most common causes for increasing revision rates after THA, respectively. Higher BMI, persistent wound discharge, and nosocomial infections during the first hospitalization also increased the rate of revision after primary THA.
Sensory Stimulation for Patients With Disorders of Consciousness Following a Traumatic Brain Injury (June 2013–October 2020)
Authors: Weaver Jennifer A. , Cogan Alison M. , Watters Kelsey 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Systematic Review Briefs provide a summary of the findings from systematic reviews developed in conjunction with the American Occupational Therapy Association’s Evidence-Based Practice Program. Each Systematic Review Brief summarizes the evidence on a theme related to a systematic review topic. This Systematic Review Brief presents findings from the systematic review on the effectiveness of sensory stimulation interventions to improve arousal and awareness in people with disorders of consciousness following a TBI.
Variabilidade da vazão na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Araguaia influenciada pela precipitação em anos extremos e desmatamento
Authors: Gomes Dênis José Cardoso , Nascimento Max Miler Menezes , Pereira Fabianne Mesquita , Dias Gustavo Francesco de Morais , Meireles Rafael Ribeiro , Souza Luis Gelisson Nascimento de , Picanço Ailson Renan Santos , Ribeiro Hebe Morganne Campos 
Published: September 2022

Os extremos climáticos e a dinâmica de uso e cobertura do solo podem acarretar alterações na vazão dos rios. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a vazão do rio Araguaia sob os efeitos de anos extremos associada à dinâmica do uso do solo na bacia hidrográfica do rio Araguaia no período de 1981 a 2019. O produto do uso e cobertura do solo foi baseado na classificação do Projeto MapBiomas, importado da plataforma Google Earth Engine. Os dados de precipitação e vazão medidas foram obtidos da Agência Nacional de Águas, enquanto a precipitação estimada se baseou nos dados Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data. A climatologia da precipitação apresentou os menores valores (1.464,9–1.720,4 mm) no setor centro-sul, e os maiores (1.720,4–2.014,6 mm) montantes pluviais foram vistos ao norte. Contudo, identificou-se nos cinco postos pluviométricos alta variabilidade de precipitação, com destaque para os anos extremos. Tais anos chuvosos e secos foram marcados por grande diferença na disponibilidade hídrica. Houve intensa redução dos biomas amazônico e cerrado em 31.641,8 e 42.618,9 km², respectivamente, principalmente em decorrência da expansão de 18.936,1 km² das atividades de agricultura e 47.494 km² de pasto. A variabilidade fluviométrica apresentou tendência de diminuição, principalmente nos últimos 15 anos. Ações públicas como intensificação de políticas ambientais, monitoramento com enfoque nas áreas mais comprometidas e estratégicas, como a cabeceira do rio Araguaia, podem minimizar os impactos causados por extremos climáticos e desmatamento.
Prohibition of interest and gambling in the Islamic economic system
Authors: Yousufi Waqar , Ghazi Dr. Shahnaz 
Published: September 2022

The Prophet admonished riba (usury) in its all methods in his farewell Pilgrimage speech. The article examines the rules of interest (usury) and Maysir (gambling) and how it fits within the realm of Islamic finance , as it is described in the Holy Qur’an and as it is demonstrated by the Prophet in his Sunnah . Following verses of the Qur’an and its interpretations through the hadiths of Prophet are also described in the article. Referring to an argument saying the modernists claim that what is prohibited in Qur’an is the form of interest (usury) and Maysir (gambling) mentioned to the then prevailing practice of lending in the pre-Islamic era, the authors confidently ruled out the logic saying that any increase over and above the principal should be riba (usury) and Maysir (gambling) and as such it is prohibited. The modernists also raised some controversial issues like-‘difference between riba (usury) and maysir (gambling) ‘individual and institutional riba’. All these titles are defeated with satisfactory Shari`ah references. While answering the issues specified earlier, the authors categorically explored the inborn beauties of Islamic Banking and finance as well as disclosed the differences between Islamic and Conventional economy system. The authors, in a nut shell, stress on the point in this paper that any form of riba and maysir is strictly avoided in the Islamic society and Islamic economy System.
Assessment of the acceptable length of right internal jugular central venous catheters for Indian population
Authors: Niveditha Niveditha , Sunil B V , Bhat Sonal , Kamath Shaila 
Published: September 2022

Background: Central venous catheters have been used in various lengths based on the height of the patient or predetermined lengths. This study compared the different lengths of right IJV central venous catheters to determine the better length for average heights of Indian population. Patients and Methods: This was a prospective observational study done on 148 patients with average heights of Indian population (160±10cm) who are scheduled for right IJV central venous catheters are a part of this study. The patients are divided into 3 group (10,13,15 cm). Three different lengths of catheters are inserted. An anteroposterior chest X-ray was taken for the patients and carina was taken as the acceptable landmark. The outcome measured between the three groups is need for repositioning. Statistical analysis was done using Chi square test, Fisher’s exact test. Results: 10 cm catheters were considered acceptable in terms of less incidence of repositioning and statistically significant with p value of 0.0001(H S) with respect to other lengths (13,15cm) for heights of average Indian population. (160±10 cm). Conclusion: From our study, we concluded that 10 cm CVC catheters are acceptable in cannulating right IJV for an average Indian height adult patients (160±10 cms).