bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Super-enhancer hijacking LINC01977 promotes malignancy of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma addicted to the canonical TGF-β/SMAD3 pathway
Authors: Zhang Te , Xia Wenjie , Song Xuming , Mao Qixing , Huang Xing , Chen Bing , Liang Yingkuan , Wang Hui , Chen Yuzhong , Yu Xinnian , Zhang Zeyu , Yang Wenmin , Xu Lin , Dong Gaochao , Jiang Feng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. However, the roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) hijacked by super-enhancers (SEs), vital regulatory elements of the epigenome, remain elusive in the progression of LUAD metastasis.

Methods
SE-associated lncRNA microarrays were used to identify the dysregulated lncRNAs in LUAD. ChIP-seq, Hi-C data analysis, and luciferase reporter assays were utilized to confirm the hijacking of LINC01977 by SE. The functions and mechanisms of LINC01977 in LUAD were explored by a series of in vitro and in vivo assays.

Results
We found that LINC01977, a cancer-testis lncRNA, was hijacked by SE, which promoted proliferation and invasion both in vitro and in vivo. LINC01977 interacted with SMAD3 to induce its nuclear transport, which facilitated the interaction between SMAD3 and CBP/P300, thereby regulating the downstream target gene ZEB1. Additionally, SMAD3 up-regulated LINC09177 transcription by simultaneously binding the promoter and SE, which was induced by the infiltration of M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAM2), subsequently activating the TGF-β/SMAD3 pathway. Moreover, LINC01977 expression was positively correlated with TAM2 infiltration and SMAD3 expression, especially in early-stage LUAD. Higher chromatin accessibility in the SE region of LINC01977 was observed with high expression of TGF-β. Early-stage LUAD patients with high LIN01977 expression had a shorter disease-free survival.

Conclusions
TAM2 infiltration induced a rich TGF-β microenvironment, activating SMAD3 to bind the promoter and the SE of LINC01977, which up-regulated LINC01977 expression. LINC01977 also promoted malignancy via the canonical TGF-β/SMAD3 pathway. LINC01977 hijacked by SE could be a valuable therapeutic target, especially for the treatment of early-stage LUAD.
The central and biodynamic role of gut microbiota in critically ill patients
Authors: Wozniak Hannah , Beckmann Tal Sarah , Fröhlich Lorin , Soccorsi Tania , Le Terrier Christophe , de Watteville Aude , Schrenzel Jacques , Heidegger Claudia-Paula 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGut microbiota plays an essential role in health and disease. It is constantly evolving and in permanent communication with its host. The gut microbiota is increasingly seen as an organ, and its failure, reflected by dysbiosis, is seen as an organ failure associated with poor outcomes. Critically ill patients may have an altered gut microbiota, namely dysbiosis, with a severe reduction in “health-promoting” commensal intestinal bacteria (such as Firmicutes or Bacteroidetes) and an increase in potentially pathogenic bacteria (e.g. Proteobacteria). Many factors that occur in critically ill patients favour dysbiosis, such as medications or changes in nutrition patterns. Dysbiosis leads to several important effects, including changes in gut integrity and in the production of metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids and trimethylamine N-oxide. There is increasing evidence that gut microbiota and its alteration interact with other organs, highlighting the concept of the gut–organ axis. Thus, dysbiosis will affect other organs and could have an impact on the progression of critical diseases. Current knowledge is only a small part of what remains to be discovered. The precise role and contribution of the gut microbiota and its interactions with various organs is an intense and challenging research area that offers exciting opportunities for disease prevention, management and therapy, particularly in critical care where multi-organ failure is often the focus. This narrative review provides an overview of the normal composition of the gut microbiota, its functions, the mechanisms leading to dysbiosis, its consequences in an intensive care setting, and highlights the concept of the gut–organ axis.
uSing rolE-substitutioN In care homes to improve ORal health (SENIOR): a study protocol
Authors: McKenna Gerald , Tsakos Georgios , Watson Sinead , Jenkins Alison , Algar Patricia Masterson , Evans Rachel , Baker Sarah R. , Chestnutt Ivor G. , Smith Craig J. , O’Neill Ciaran , Hoare Zoe , Williams Lynne , Jones Vicki , Donaldson Michael , Karki Anup , Lappin Caroline , Moons Kirstie , Sandom Fiona , Wimbury Mary , Morgan Lorraine , Shepherd Karen , Brocklehurst Paul 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Dental service provision in the care home sector is poor, with little emphasis on prevention. Emerging evidence suggests that the use of Dental Care Professionals (dental therapists and dental nurses) as an alternative to dentists has the potential to improve preventive advice, the provision of care and access to services within care homes. However, robust empirical evidence from definitive trials on how to successfully implement and sustain these interventions within care homes is currently lacking. The aim of the study is to determine whether Dental Care Professionals could reduce plaque levels of dentate older adults (65 + years) residing in care homes.

Methods
This protocol describes a two-arm cluster-randomised controlled trial that will be undertaken in care homes across Wales, Northern Ireland and England. In the intervention arm, the dental therapists will visit the care homes every 6 months to assess and then treat eligible residents, where necessary. All treatment will be conducted within their Scope of Practice. Dental nurses will visit the care homes every month for the first 3 months and then three-monthly afterwards to promulgate advice to improve the day-to-day prevention offered to residents by carers. The control arm will be ‘treatment as usual’.
Eligible care homes (n = 40) will be randomised based on a 1:1 ratio (20 intervention and 20 control), with an average of seven residents recruited in each home resulting in an estimated sample of 280. Assessments will be undertaken at baseline, 6 months and 12 months and will include a dental examination and quality of life questionnaires. Care home staff will collect weekly information on the residents’ oral health (e.g. episodes of pain and unscheduled care). The primary outcome will be a binary classification of the mean reduction in Silness-Löe Plaque Index at 6 months. A parallel process evaluation will be undertaken to explore the intervention’s acceptability and how it could be embedded in standard practice (described in a separate paper), whilst a cost-effectiveness analysis will examine the potential long-term costs and benefits of the intervention.

Discussion
This trial will provide evidence on how to successfully implement and sustain a Dental Care Professional-led intervention within care homes to promote access and prevention.

Trial registration
ISRCTN16332897. Registered on 3 December 2021.
Italian adaptation of the Uniform Data Set Neuropsychological Test Battery (I-UDSNB 1.0): development and normative data
Authors: Conca Francesca , Esposito Valentina , Rundo Francesco , Quaranta Davide , Muscio Cristina , Manenti Rosa , Caruso Giulia , Lucca Ugo , Galbussera Alessia Antonella , Di Tella Sonia , Baglio Francesca , L’Abbate Federica , Canu Elisa , Catania Valentina , Filippi Massimo , Mattavelli Giulia , Poletti Barbara , Silani Vincenzo , Lodi Raffaele , De Matteis Maddalena , Stanzani Maserati Michelangelo , Arighi Andrea , Rotondo Emanuela , Tanzilli Antonio , Pace Andrea , Garramone Federica , Cavaliere Carlo , Pardini Matteo , Rizzetto Cristiano , Sorbi Sandro , Perri Roberta , Tiraboschi Pietro , Canessa Nicola , Cotelli Maria , Ferri Raffaele , Weintraub Sandra , Marra Camillo , Tagliavini Fabrizio , Catricalà Eleonora , Cappa Stefano Francesco 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Neuropsychological testing plays a cardinal role in the diagnosis and monitoring of Alzheimer’s disease. A major concern is represented by the heterogeneity of the neuropsychological batteries currently adopted in memory clinics and healthcare centers. The current study aimed to solve this issue.

Methods
Following the initiative of the University of Washington’s National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC), we presented the Italian adaptation of the Neuropsychological Test Battery of the Uniform Data Set (I-UDSNB). We collected data from 433 healthy Italian individuals and employed regression models to evaluate the impact of demographic variables on the performance, deriving the reference norms.

Results
Higher education and lower age were associated with a better performance in the majority of tests, while sex affected only fluency tests and Digit Span Forward.

Conclusions
The I-UDSNB offers a valuable and harmonized tool for neuropsychological testing in Italy, to be used in clinical and research settings.
Exploring awareness of obstetric fistula in Eastern and Northern Nigeria: perceived causes, symptoms, and availability of treatment services
Authors: Nwala Emmanuel Kelechi , Nwaigwe Charles , Sripad Pooja , Warren Charlotte E. , Ishaku Salisu , Kongyamba Solomon 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Evidence suggests that there are approximately two female genital fistula cases per 1000 women of reproductive age in sub-Saharan Africa. It is estimated that more than 200,000 women are affected by fistula in Nigeria, primarily due to obstetric causes. Awareness has been indicated as a risk factor for the development of obstetric fistula. This study explored the awareness of obstetric fistula such as causes, symptoms, and availability of and access to treatment services in southeastern and northwestern Nigeria.

Methods
An exploratory qualitative study design was used to conduct this research in Kano and Ebonyi states in northern and eastern Nigeria, respectively. A total of six (6) focus group discussions were conducted with three categories of participants: women who were successfully repaired and discharged (n = 2), community-married men (n = 2), and women (n = 2). Forty-four (44) In-depth interviews were conducted three categories of participants: 18 with women with fistula who were either awaiting repair or had been repaired; 6 family member caregivers accompanying fistula patients, and 20 health service providers at fistula repair centers. We developed a data analysis plan based on the emerging themes. The transcripts and field notes were imported into QSR Nvivo version 11 and coded accordingly. Content and thematic analysis was run by inductively drawing themes based on the elicited information from participants.

Results
There was lack of knowledge of obstetric fistula and its causes among married men and women in the community, caregivers, and some patients were unaware of what caused their fistula for years. In this study, none of the community men and women nor caregivers correctly identified the causes and symptoms of a fistula or knew where to seek treatment. Knowledge about fistula was more common among women who had undergone repairs. Some repaired women attributed the cause of fistula to the providers who attended to them during delivery.

Conclusions
Findings reveal a widespread lack of awareness of obstetric fistula onset and awareness of the availability of repair services at the community level. There is an urgent need to explore multi-pronged strategies for increasing awareness of obstetric fistula and available treatment services among women and other community members.
Improvement plans on the operation of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee: focusing on the case of Seoul National University
Authors: Ahn Na , Park Jaehak , Ihm Jungjoon , Roh Sangho 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) became compulsory in 2008 by the Animal Protection Act in Korea. Seoul National University (SNU), which conducts 5% of Korea’s total animal protocol reviews and uses 10% of national laboratory animal usage, has been influential in the review of animal protocols and management of animal facilities. This study was undertaken to suggest the operational improvement of the IACUC. It focused on the case of SNU.

Results
The methodological framework consists of a qualitative approach. In particular, this study is focused on the grounded theory approach and sixty people were surveyed through purposeful sampling. Through this study, we found that various practical educations are necessary such as: (1) education for researchers on how to write a protocol, (2) standardization of screening criteria for various animal experiments by presenting various cases, (3) training on a detailed understanding of relevant laws and policies. In particular, an integrated management system, making it possible to share information among the related committees, would be essential for smoother operation of the IACUC.

Conclusions
If various levels of education and the integrated management system are established, it will be possible to enhance the excellence of researchers and to better manage the operation of the IACUC.
Effect of doping concentration of tunnel junction on I-V characteristics of photovoltaic power converter
Authors: Huo Wenxue , Zhou Hang , Du Chunhua 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Tunnel junction is the crucial part for photovoltaic power converters, especially for those with the multi-junction structure. In this research, through changing growing temperature and the ratio of V-III precursor, four single-junction photovoltaic power converters with tunnel junction of different doping concentrations are fabricated. The I-V characteristics of four samples are measured, and also their power conversion efficiency and fill factors are calculated. It was found that the I-V curves of the samples exhibited significant differences as the doping concentration increased. Within an appropriate range, the photovoltaic power converter with higher doping concentration exhibits higher power conversion efficiency. However, when the doping concentration is too high, a reverse barrier appears inside the tunnel junction, manifesting as a “stair” I-V curve. This barrier will result in a reduction in device efficiency. This work provides important guidance for designing the doping concentration of tunnel junctions and fabricating high-performance photovoltaic power converters.
The centriolar satellite protein Cfap53 facilitates formation of the zygotic microtubule organizing center in the zebrafish embryo
Authors: Willekers Sven , Tessadori Federico , van der Vaart Babet , Henning Heiko H. , Stucchi Riccardo , Altelaar Maarten , Roelen Bernard A. J. , Akhmanova Anna , Bakkers Jeroen 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
In embryos of most animal species, the zygotic centrosome is assembled by the centriole derived from the sperm cell and pericentriolar proteins present in the oocyte. This zygotic centrosome acts as a microtubule organizing center (MTOC) to assemble the sperm aster and mitotic spindle. As MTOC formation has been studied mainly in adult cells, very little is known about the formation of the zygotic MTOC. Here, we show that zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos lacking either maternal or paternal Cfap53, a centriolar satellite protein, arrest during the first cell cycle. Although Cfap53 is dispensable for sperm aster function, it aids proper formation of the mitotic spindle. During cell division, Cfap53 colocalizes with γ-tubulin and with other centrosomal and centriolar satellite proteins at the MTOC. Furthermore, we find that γ-tubulin localization at the MTOC is impaired in the absence of Cfap53. Based on these results, we propose a model in which Cfap53 deposited in the oocyte and the sperm participates in the organization of the zygotic MTOC to allow mitotic spindle formation.
Assessment of endocytic traffic and Ocrl function in the developing zebrafish neuroepithelium
Authors: Williams Daniel M. , Gungordu Lale , Jackson-Crawford Anthony , Lowe Martin 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Endocytosis allows cells to internalise a wide range of molecules from their environment and to maintain their plasma membrane composition. It is vital during development and for maintenance of tissue homeostasis. The ability to visualise endocytosis in vivo requires suitable assays to monitor the process. Here, we describe imaging-based assays to visualise endocytosis in the neuroepithelium of living zebrafish embryos. Injection of fluorescent tracers into the brain ventricles followed by live imaging was used to study fluid-phase or receptor-mediated endocytosis, for which we used receptor-associated protein (RAP, encoded by Lrpap1) as a ligand for low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) receptors. Using dual-colour imaging combined with expression of endocytic markers, it is possible to track the progression of endocytosed tracers and to monitor trafficking dynamics. Using these assays, we reveal a role for the Lowe syndrome protein Ocrl in endocytic trafficking within the neuroepithelium. We also found that the RAP-binding receptor Lrp2 (encoded by lrp2a) appears to contribute only partially to neuroepithelial RAP endocytosis. Altogether, our results provide a basis to track endocytosis within the neuroepithelium in vivo and support a role for Ocrl in this process.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Real-time image-sharing to educate a patient with lymphoedema on self-care: a case study
Authors: Dai Misako , Yamashita Shuji , Okazaki Mutsumi , Kimori Keiko , Sanada Hiromi , Sugama Junko 
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Compression therapy is important in oedema control in lymphoedema. However, some patients have difficulties starting compression therapy because standard self-care education does not enable them to fully understand lymphoedema and recognise it as their problem. To overcome this, real-time image-sharing education, using a combination of indocyanine green lymphography (ICG) and ultrasonography, may be used to educate patients. In this case study, real-time image-sharing education promoted decision-making and behaviour change in a patient with lower extremity lymphoedema so she would wear elastic stockings. Case: A 51-year-old woman with a BMI of 31.7 kg/m2 and secondary lower extremity lymphoedema following cervical cancer surgery did not adhere to self-care instructions regarding wearing elastic stockings for 5 years. The oedema worsened, her limb circumference increased and she had two episodes of cellulitis within a year. Because the patient had a negative attitude towards elastic stockings, real-time image-sharing education was used to promote recognition of illness using ICG and an understanding of the condition of lymphoedema using ultrasonography. After the images were shared and explained, the patient discussed her recognition and understanding of lymphoedema, then decided to use compression stockings. She continued to wear them for 4 months, and her limb circumference decreased. Conclusion: Real-time image-sharing education using ICG and ultrasonography as self-care support for a lymphoedema patient who would not start compression therapy could result in behavioural changes and the patient starting and continuing to wear elastic stockings.
Technique for improving polarization conversion performance
Authors: Li Yupeng , Zeng Li , Zhang Haifeng 
Published: August 2022

In this paper, a novel technology based on the addition of air through-hole structures (ATSs) is proposed to optimize the performance of polarization conversion. Based on the tree-shaped resonator (patch), the working band can be moved and widened by adding the ATS with a certain radius. Among them, in terms of a theorem, angular stability, parameters, and so on, the detailed analysis of the metasurface whose ATS radius is 5 µm is presented. Apart from this, to highlight the superiority and the role of the ATS, the metasurface without ATS is also discussed identically as above. To be specific, due to the addition of ATS, the two original narrowbands, which are operating at 0.725–1.013 THz and 1.225–1.423 THz (polarization conversion rate

>

90

%

), are widened into a complete broadband (0.90–1.86 THz). In this case, the metasurface with ATS possesses a relative bandwidth of 69.6%. When the linearly polarized wave is irradiated vertically on the metasurface, the electric field orientation of the wave is converted by 90° from the

x

axis to the

y

axis. Therefore, the metasurface holds promising applications in radar, communications, and so on.
Photo-thermal modeling of laser–phosphor interaction in laser lighting
Authors: Yan Meng , Gong Mali , Ma Jianshe 
Published: August 2022

In laser lighting, the heat generated in a phosphor has a great impact on the optical and thermal properties of the phosphor-converted white laser diode (PC-WLD), which is hard to be calculated and measured precisely. We, therefore, propose a photo-thermal modeling of laser–phosphor interaction in laser lighting (PTML) to simulate the illumination energy and temperature distribution of a phosphor. PTML consists of two parts: the modified Monte Carlo method (MCM) and the numerical calculation method based on the three-dimensional heat conduction equation. With full consideration of light scattering, fluorescence reabsorption, and thermal quenching effect, PTML is able to simulate the absorbed energy and temperature distribution inside a phosphor. Experiments with transparent and scattering Ce:YAG phosphor samples are carried out to validate this method. The results show that the difference between the PTML simulated and experimental light transmission energy (laser and fluorescence) is less than 10%. The temperature difference between the PTML simulation and experiment is less than 1.5°C when the laser irradiates on the Ce:YAG single crystal at pump power 1420 mW. Moreover, this method also has potential application in the photo-thermal interaction between bio-tissue and lasers.
Hybrid fiber–THz fronthaul supporting up to 16384-QAM-OFDM with the delta-sigma modulation
Authors: Zhang Lu , Chen Zefeng , Zhang Hongqi , Yang Zuomin , Wu Yixin , Yu Xiongbin , Pang Xiaodan , Bobrovs Vjaceslavs , Ozolins Oskars , Yu Xianbin 
Published: August 2022

With the progress of high-capacity radio access networks, ultra-dense small cells are rapidly being deployed in urban areas. As a result, the deployment of a large number of optical fibers in urban areas becomes a severe issue. In this Letter, we propose a hybrid fiber–terahertz (THz) mobile fronthaul system supporting flexible and high-order wireless signal transmission with the delta-sigma modulation. The photonic THz transmission is used as the seamless extension of fiber-based fronthaul in small cells. A 20-Gbit/s digital fiber–THz fronthaul system is experimentally demonstrated to validate the proposed scheme, with 10-km optical fiber transmission and 300-GHz wireless relay. Carrier aggregation of up to 10 40-MHz and 60-MHz 5G-new radio (5G-NR) channels at the radio carrier frequency of 3.9 GHz is reported. The design of quantization noise suppressed delta-sigma modulation enables the system to transmit orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation up to 16384 order quadrate amplitude modulation (QAM) mapping with the error vector magnitude (EVM) below 0.5%.