bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical treatment of tricuspid valve dysplasia in children
Authors: Cleuziou Julie , Pringsheim Milka , Stroh Anni , Burri Melchior , Lange Rüdiger , Hörer Jürgen 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Congenital tricuspid valve dysplasia (TVD) is a rare cardiac disease, often discussed in the same way as Ebstein’s anomaly. Though the morphology of TVD is different, the clinical appearance is similar. The indication for surgical treatment depends on the morphology of the tricuspid valve (TV) and the clinical presentation.

METHODS
We reviewed all patients below 18 years of age who underwent TV repair between 2005 and 2019 and identified 9 with a TVD. The diagnosis was verified with the operative notes and patients were excluded if the septal leaflet was displaced as in Ebstein’s anomaly. The aim of the study was to describe the morphology of the TV and analyse the surgical possibilities and their results.

RESULTS
The median age at surgery was 2.3 years (5 days to 14 years), 3 patients were neonates with a duct-dependent pulmonary circulation. Morphology of the TV showed a tethering of at least 1 leaflet in all patients, a restrictive septal leaflet in 8, a large anterior leaflet in 7 and a small posterior leaflet in 4. Surgical techniques included an annuloplasty in 7 patients, a leaflet procedure in 6 patients, an edge-to-edge stitch in 5 patients and a primary Starnes procedure in 1 neonate. During a median follow-up time of 2.8 years (5 months to 15 years), 1 valve replacement and 1 conversion to univentricular palliation were necessary.

CONCLUSIONS
Unequal leaflet size and tethering are the most common features of TVD. A variety of surgical techniques is available to achieve good results beyond the neonatal period.
A Not So ‘New Dawn’ for International Economic Law and Development: Towards a Social Reproduction Approach to GVCs
Authors: Alessandrini Donatella 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article has three aims. First, it takes issue with the argument of international economic institutions according to which states need to adopt deeper trade and investment commitments to sustain value chain trade if they wish to either ‘develop’ or continue being competitive in the global economy. It scrutinizes the evidence on the basis of which this argument is formulated and finds it to be tenuous at best. It also finds that current data is unable to account for the variety of factors that contribute to so-called ‘social downgrade’ – that is, the deterioration of working and living conditions, including the presence of informal and migrant workers. Second, it draws on feminist political economy to make sense of the co-existence of ‘economic upgrade’ and ‘social downgrade’ in global value chains. Specifically, it adopts a social reproduction lens to shed a light on the increasingly relevant, but invisibilized and/or devalued, role that social reproductive labour and informal labour play in processes of trans/national value creation. Third, it argues that a social reproduction lens can offer valuable insights on international economic agreements and the impact of their provisions on the ability of states and communities to improve working and living conditions.
Using artificial intelligence to determine the influence of dental aesthetics on facial attractiveness in comparison to other facial modifications
Authors: Obwegeser Dorothea , Timofte Radu , Mayer Christoph , Eliades Theodore , Bornstein Michael M , Schätzle Marc A , Patcas Raphael 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Facial aesthetics is a major motivating factor for undergoing orthodontic treatment.

Objectives
To ascertain—by means of artificial intelligence (AI)—the influence of dental alignment on facial attractiveness and perceived age, compared to other modifications such as wearing glasses, earrings, or lipstick.

Material and methods
Forty volunteering females (mean age: 24.5) with near perfectly aligned upper front teeth [Aesthetic Component scale of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (AC-IOTN) = 1 and Peer Assessment Rating Index (PAR Index) = 0 or 1] were photographed with a standardized pose while smiling, in the following settings (number of photographs = 960): without modifications, wearing eyeglasses, earrings, or lipstick. These pictures were taken with natural aligned dentition and with an individually manufactured crooked teeth mock-up (AC-IOTN = 8) to create the illusion of misaligned teeth. Images were assessed for attractiveness and perceived age, using AI, consisting of a face detector and deep convolutional neural networks trained on dedicated datasets for attractiveness and age prediction. Each image received an attractiveness score from 0 to 100 and one value for an age prediction. The scores were descriptively reviewed for each setting, and the facial modifications were tested statistically whether they affected the attractiveness score. The relationship between predicted age and attractiveness scores was examined with linear regression models.

Results
All modifications showed a significant effect (for all: P &lt; 0.001) on facial attractiveness. In faces with misaligned teeth, wearing eyeglasses (−17.8%) and earrings (−3.2%) had an adverse effect on facial aesthetics. Tooth alignment (+6.9%) and wearing lipstick (+7.9%) increased attractiveness. There was no relevant effect of any assessed modifications or tooth alignment on perceived age (all: &lt;1.5 years). Mean attractiveness score declined with predicted age, except when wearing glasses, in which case attractiveness was rated higher with increasing predicted age.

Conclusions
Alignment of teeth improves facial attractiveness to a similar extent than wearing lipstick, but has no discernable effect on perceived age. Wearing glasses reduces attractiveness considerably, but this effect vanishes with age.
Opportunity loss: care team job satisfaction and urgent care, emergency department, and hospital costs for patients with cardiovascular disease
Authors: Mundt Marlon P , Zakletskaia Larissa I 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study evaluates the association between primary care team job satisfaction and urgent care, emergency department, and hospital costs for their patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD).Study designElectronic health record (EHR)-extracted observational study alongside a cross-sectional health care professional survey.MethodsA total of 143 health professionals, including physicians and clinical staff, at 5 US primary care clinics participated in a cross-sectional survey about job satisfaction. Urgent care visits, emergency department visits, hospital visit days, and medical costs in the past 12 months for each care team’s panel of patients were extracted from the EHR. Three-level hierarchical modelling evaluated the link between team job satisfaction, urgent care visits, emergency department visits, hospital visit days, and medical care costs in the past 12 months for the team’s patients with diagnosed CVD.ResultsTeams with higher satisfaction with their freedom of work methods, work hours, and income were associated with fewer hospital days (odds ratio = 0.85, 0.72, and 0.81, respectively) and lower medical care costs −$474, −$650, and −$397 per patient, respectively) for their patients with CVD. Overall job satisfaction was not significantly associated with cost of care.ConclusionsHealth care employee job satisfaction in primary care is an important factor to consider in efforts to lower medical costs for patients with CVD.
The Nup2 meiotic-autonomous region relieves inhibition of Nup60 to promote progression of meiosis and sporulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Komachi Kelly , Burgess Sean M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
During meiosis, chromosomes undergo dramatic changes in structural organization, nuclear positioning, and motion. Although the nuclear pore complex has been shown to affect genome organization and function in vegetative cells, its role in meiotic chromosome dynamics has remained largely unexplored. Recent work in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae demonstrated that the mobile nucleoporin Nup2 is required for normal progression through meiosis I prophase and sporulation in strains where telomere-led chromosome movement has been compromised. The meiotic-autonomous region, a short fragment of Nup2 responsible for its role in meiosis, was shown to localize to the nuclear envelope via Nup60 and to bind to meiotic chromosomes. To understand the relative contribution these 2 activities have on meiotic-autonomous region function, we first carried out a screen for meiotic-autonomous region mutants defective in sporulation and found that all the mutations disrupt interaction with both Nup60 and meiotic chromosomes. Moreover, nup60 mutants phenocopy nup2 mutants, exhibiting similar nuclear division kinetics, sporulation efficiencies, and genetic interactions with mutations that affect the telomere bouquet. Although full-length Nup60 requires Nup2 for function, removal of Nup60’s C-terminus allows Nup60 to bind meiotic chromosomes and promotes sporulation without Nup2. In contrast, binding of the meiotic-autonomous region to meiotic chromosomes is completely dependent on Nup60. Our findings uncover an inhibitory function for the Nup60 C-terminus and suggest that Nup60 mediates recruitment of meiotic chromosomes to the nuclear envelope, while Nup2 plays a secondary role counteracting the inhibitory function in Nup60’s C-terminus.
Accuracy comparison of marine gravity derived from HY-2A/GM and CryoSat-2 altimetry data: a case study in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Guo Jinyun , Luo Hongxin , Zhu Chengcheng , Ji Hui , Li Guowei , Liu Xin 
Published: March 2022

SUMMARYThe HaiYang-2A (HY-2A) satellite was launched in August 2011, filling a gap in the field of Chinese altimetry. The application of HY-2A-measured altimeter data in gravity research needs to be studied. CryoSat-2 altimetry data play an important role in constructing global marine gravity models. Based on HY-2A and CryoSat-2 altimetry data of Level-2 plus products from March 2016 to June 2020, marine gravity anomaly models on 1′ × 1′ grids were derived by the inverse Vening–Meinesz (IVM) method over the Gulf of Mexico (80–100°W, 17–32°N). The accuracy of the altimeter-derived gravity was assessed by ship-borne gravity anomalies and the SIO V30.1 global marine gravity model. Then, integrated gravity models on 1′ × 1′ grids were constructed from the altimeter-derived gravity anomaly models by the weighted modification method and the combined altimetry data by IVM method. The results show that the accuracy of altimeter-derived marine gravity anomalies is affected by the coastline and complicated submarine topography. The accuracy of gravity anomalies derived from HY-2A is slightly lower than that derived from CryoSat-2 in the offshore region and regions containing complicated submarine topography, and is consistent with that derived from CryoSat-2 in other regions. The HY-2A-measured altimetry data play a significant role in constructing integrated gravity models. To conclude, the gravity anomalies derived from HY-2A have similar accuracy to those derived from CryoSat-2 during the same period, and HY-2A altimetry data can be used to construct high-precision global/local marine gravity models.
Cross-scale dynamic interactions in compacting porous media as a trigger to pattern formation
Authors: Hu Manman , Sun Qingpei , Schrank Christoph , Regenauer-Lieb Klaus 
Published: March 2022

SUMMARYPatterns in nature are often interpreted as a product of reaction-diffusion processes which result in dissipative structures. Thermodynamic constraints allow prediction of the final state but the dynamic evolution of the microprocesses is hidden. We introduce a new microphysics-based approach that couples the microscale cross-constituent interactions to the large-scale dynamic behaviour, which leads to the discovery of a family of soliton-like excitation waves. These waves can appear in hydromechanically coupled porous media as a reaction to external stimuli. They arise, for instance, when mechanical forcing of the porous skeleton releases internal energy through a phase change, leading to tight coupling of the pressure in the solid matrix with the dissipation of the pore fluid pressure. In order to describe these complex multiscale interactions in a thermodynamic consistent framework, we consider a dual-continuum system, where the large-scale continuum properties of the matrix–fluid interaction are described by a reaction-self diffusion formulation, and the small-scale dissipation of internal energy by a reaction-cross diffusion formulation that spells out the macroscale reaction and relaxes the adiabatic constraint on the local reaction term in the conventional reaction-diffusion formalism. Using this approach, we recover the familiar Turing bifurcations (e.g. rhythmic metamorphic banding), Hopf bifurcations (e.g. Episodic Tremor and Slip) and present the new excitation wave phenomenon. The parametric space is investigated numerically and compared to serpentinite deformation in subduction zones.
Improving receiver function imaging with high-resolution Radon transform
Authors: Zhang Quan , Chen Yunfeng , Zhang Fangxue , Chen Yangkang 
Published: March 2022

SUMMARY
The receiver function (RF) method is one of the most widely used passive seismic approaches for imaging subsurface structures from shallow sedimentary basins to the deep Earth’s interior. RF is typically computed with a deconvolution operation that enables separating structural response from source–time function embedded in teleseismic wavefields. However, seismic recordings of temporary arrays are often contaminated with strong random noise and even amplitude bias due to poor installation conditions. Both factors can cause instability to deconvolution and severely degrade the accuracy, thereby the imaging quality, of the RF method. This underscores the importance of effective denoising algorithms in RF processing. In this study, we explore the application of high-resolution Radon transform (RT) to improve the conventional RF imaging workflow. Contrary to the commonly implemented post-processing (i.e. after deconvolution) noise suppression schemes, we introduce the RT to data pre-processing (i.e. before deconvolution). This method seeks a sparse representation of teleseismic wavefields in the τ–p domain by iteratively solving a least-squares minimization problem with the conjugate gradient algorithm. Synthetic test with a 2-D step-Moho model shows that non-linear phase arrivals including incoherent noise and diffraction energy are effectively removed in resulting RFs, with the signal-to-noise ratio increased by as much as ∼8 dB. Real data experiments using the Hi-CLIMB network in the Tibetan Plateau demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed workflow in regularizing the wavefield and improving the coherence of converted phases across the recording array. Consequently, imaging results of common conversion point stacking using a single and a group of teleseismic events both recover subtle converted phases from the Moho and potential lithospheric discontinuities that are otherwise obscured by noise arising from the conventional processing workflow. This study highlights the necessity of wavefield regularization in the RF method and calls for improved data processing techniques in array-based seismic imaging.
Cottonwood Leaf Beetle Control, 1974
Authors: Morris Robert C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Ten trees were randomly selected in a 1.62-ha plantation of 3-year-old cottonwoods growing on Sharkey clay soil at Stoneville, Miss. Each tree was examined for C. scripta adults, larvae, pupae, and egg masses on May 24, 1974. On June 4, Dursban was aerially sprayed on the entire area at a rate of 46.75 1/ha of spray containing 280 g ai/ha (1/4 lb/A). Polyethylene drop cloths 2.75 m square had been split to the center and placed around each tree to catch dying and dead insects, and a mortality count was made 24 hours after spraying.
Western Black-Headed Budworm Laboratory Spray Tests, 1974-75
Authors: Robertson Jacqueline L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Laboratory spray chamber tests of 12 insecticides were conducted in 1974 and 1975. Five dosages of each insecticide were tested in each of 3 to 5 replications. These were prepared by serial dilution of stock solutions freshly re-formulated for each replication. The western black-headed budworm larvae were maintained on western hemlock foliage and were used in bioassays from 1 to 7 days after their receipt from Ketchikan, Alaska, in July of both years. The insects were second to fifrh instars when received. In 1974, they were held at 4°C pre- and post-spray, while in 1975 they were held at 18°C. For spray treatment, 1-3 flushing branch lets of western hemlock containing 5-20 insects were placed in a filter paper lined glass petri dish (20 x 100 mm). The filter paper was changed for each concentration of each insecticide to prevent pre-spray contamination of insects or foliage. The insecticides were applied in a stainless steel laboratory spray chamber using a fine Potter spray nozzle for atomization. Dosage was determined by colorimetric analysis. Approximately 1 gallon/acre was applied. After spray, the insects and foliage were placed in sterile plastic petri dishes. The filter paper was moistened to maintain foliage turgidity during the post-spray holding period. Since Orthene and TH-6040 tend to be slower acting, their effects were rallied after 10 days. No fresh foliage was provided for either holding periods. Data were subjected to probit analysis.
Western Spruce Budworm, Bioactivity of Mexacarbate During Long-Term Storage
Authors: Page Marion , Robertson Jacqueline L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Mexacarbate spray concentrates, stored unrefrigerated, were bioassayed yearly against the western spruce budworm from 1967 to 1972 by the topical application method to determine stoage life. Each field sample was serially diluted in acetone and compared to a freshly formulated laboratory standard. Sixth insfar larvae were collected from a non-diapausing laboratory colony and treated with an ISCO model M microapplicator equipped with a 1/4 cc tuberculin syringe. The dose rate was 1 ul/lOO mg body wt. The larval weight range was 70 to 110 mg with an average weight of 80 mg. Mortality observations were made 7 days after application. Data were analysed by the log-dose probit method.
Carnation, Two Spotted Spidermite Control; Florida
Authors: Poe S. L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Carnation cuttings, set through 6X8 wire mesh in raised 3 ft wide beds of Leon sand ammended with peat, were grown under 25% natural saran shade cloth similar to commercial production. Plants were set and losses reset the first week of February. Weekly treatments by M-45 fungicide was applied for disease control. Populations of spidermites were allowed to develop until March 27 when acaricides were applied with a compressed air hand sprayer. Plots consisted of 36 plants or 12 sq ft of bed; each treatment was replicated 6 times. Samples consisted of 5 leaves/plot taken from the lower portions of the plant. Mites and eggs were counted under 10 x magnification on March 29, April 12, 24 and May 9. Five flowers were pulled from stems in each plot, placed in plastic bags, and mites extracted by shaking the flower heads in warm detergent water.
Taxus, Black Vine Weevil Control, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, 1975
Authors: Nielsen D.G.N , Steinhauer J. R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A nursery planting of 12-yr-old intermedia taxus near Lancaster, Pennsylvania, heavily infested with black vine weevil larvae (range = 1-78, x = 32/ft3 of soil) was chosen for insecticide evaluation. The soil types in this area are characterized as Letort silt loam and Conesroga silt loam. The plants were growing in a block of 4 rows 42 inches apart consisting of ca. 110 plants/row. We divided the block into 11 sections, each measuring 30 ft x 19 ft. On July 22, 1975, one of 9 treatments was applied to each section using a modified hand-held, rotary grass seed spreader. The experimental area received 1 inch of irrigation water from overhead sprinklers immediately after treatment. Plants were observed August 8 for phytotoxicity. Treatment effectiveness was evaluated November 12-19 by examining cubic foot samples of soil from beside each of 3 plants in each of 3 rows/section for larvae.
Taxus, Grape Mealybug Control, Ohio, 1975
Authors: Nielsen D.G. , Balderston C. P. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A plantation of Taxusmedia cultivars in Lake County, Ohio, was used to evaluate efficacy of selected insecticides against a dense infestation of grape mealybug. Plants were uniform 18 inches tall, 12 inches wide canopy, planted 12 inches within and 40 inches between rows. Alternate 40-plant rows were sprayed in order to provide buffer zones between treatments. An unsprayed 15' buffer zone was also maintained between the remainder of the taxus block and the experimental area. Soil was clean cultivated fine sand. A Myers Baronet wheelbarrow hydraulic sprayer at 200 psi was used to apply 10 gallons of finished spray to each treatment row June 9, 1975, under sunny skies (75°F, light breeze). This volume was more than adequate to achieve thorough drenching of plant foliage and stems. Granular systemics were applied June 4, by hand broadcasting in a 1 ft wide band on each side of the row. Heavy rains the following day watered-in the granular insecticides. Mealybugs were in early instars at the time of application. Treatment effectiveness was evaluated June 16 by collecting ten 10 cm twigs (new growth) from each of 4 plants per treatment (= row). Twigs were examined with a binocular scope to locate living mealybugs.
Orthene Phytotoxicity Tests Indiana, 1975
Authors: Schuder Donald L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
On May 19 the Orthene liquid drench (CC-3829) was evaluated for possible phytotoxicity to a series of foliage plants in the greenhouses at the State Soldier’s Home. The temperature was 96°F and the R.H. was 100%. The sky was bright and sunny. The material was applied at the rate of 10 lb per acre (2.2 ml per gallon water, 222 ml of this solution per 6 inch pot), and the experiment replicated five times.
Bluegrass Seed Fields,

Chionodes

Psiloptera

Control; Washington, 1975
Authors: Oetting Ronald 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Infested bluegrass seed fields were selected to study insecticides for the control of Chionodespsiloptera (Gelechiidae) larvae. This is a locally very important root and crown feeding insect similar in habit and damage to sod webworms. Treatments were applied on 1/100th acre treatment areas in randomized blocks, the number of replications governed by the size of the infested area (Field 1 - 4 repl, Field 2 and 3-2 repl). A hand sprayer was used to apply sprays at 25 psi and 50 gal/acre. Granules were applied with a cyclone type hand spreader. Soil was Green Bluff silt loam in fields 1 and 2 and Garrison gravely loam in field 3. Field 1 and 2 were nonirrigated and field 3 was under irrigation. Post-treatment samples were not collected in fields 1 and 2 until fall rainfall occurred. Insects were sampled by removing 6 soil cores, 4 in. diam and depth from a 5 sq ft central representative area for both pre- and posttreatment sampling. Pesticides were applied after burning of grass stubble. Treatment dates were: Field 1 = Sep 29'75, Field 7 = Sep 24'75 and Field 3 = Sep 16'75.