bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of endoscopic ultrasound for pancreatic cancer from 2000 to 2016
Authors: Rustgi Sheila D. , Zylberberg Haley M. , Amin Sunil , Aronson Anne , Nagula Satish , DiMaio Christopher J. , Kumta Nikhil A. , Lucas Aimee L. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the fourth most common cause of cancer death in the United States. Previous studies have suggested a survival benefit for endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), an important tool for diagnosis and staging of PC. This study aims to describe EUS use over time and identify factors associated with EUS use and its impact on survival.
Patients and methods This was a retrospective review of the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database linked with Medicare claims. EUS use, clinical and demographic characteristics were evaluated. Chi-squared analysis, Cochran-Armitage test for trend, and logistic regression were used to identify associations between sociodemographic and clinical factors and EUS. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard ratios were used for survival analysis.
Results EUS use rose during the time period, from 7.4 % of patients in 2000 to 32.4 % in 2015. Patient diversity increased, with a rising share of older, non-White patients with higher Charlson comorbidity scores. Both clinical (receipt of other therapies, PC stage) and nonclinical factors (region of country, year of diagnosis) were associated with receipt of EUS. While EUS was associated with a survival improvement early in the study period, this effect did not persist for PC patients diagnosed in 2012 to 2015 (median survival 3 month ± standard deviation [SD] 9.8 months without vs. 4 months ± SD 8 months with EUS).
Conclusions Our data support previous studies, which suggest a survival benefit for EUS when it was infrequently used, but finds that benefit was attenuated as EUS became more widely available.
Fehlintubation mittels Larynxtubus bei der Reanimation – ein Fallbericht
Authors: Buschmann Claas T. , Blum Tilman , Preuß-Wössner Johanna , Kerner Thoralf 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungEs wird der Todesfall einer 80-jährigen Patientin, die im Rahmen eines stationären Aufenthalts eine sturzbedingte Thoraxprellung mit Ruptur einer Emphysembulla erlitt, berichtet.
Durch konsekutive Ausbildung eines Spannungspneumothorax wurde die Patientin innerhalb kurzer Zeit reanimationspflichtig. Bei den Wiederbelebungsversuchen kam es zunächst zu einer
Ösophagusperforation durch den eingeführten Larynxtubus; nach „Korrektur“ dieser Lage fand sich der Larynxtubus bei der Obduktion im Kehlkopf einliegend. Eine Pleuradekompression
war trotz eines massiv ausgeprägten Spannungspneumothorax mit ausgedehntem Weichteilemphysem nicht vorgenommen worden. Der dargestellte Fall betont einmal mehr die Notwendigkeit
eines strukturierten Vorgehens im Rahmen des Atemwegsmanagements bei der kardiopulmonalen Reanimation. So hätte jedenfalls der Spannungspneumothorax adressiert werden können. Der
Einsatz einer (sonst im klinischen Alltag nicht verwendeten) supraglottischen Atemwegshilfe sollte intensiv trainiert bzw. eventuell sogar überdacht werden.
Holstein strain affects energy and feed efficiency in a grazing dairy system
Authors: Talmón Daniel , Mendoza Alejandro , Carriquiry Mariana 
Published: January 2022

Context Improving the partitioning of the energy consumed by dairy cows towards milk-solid production is a priority in grazing diary systems because energy efficiency has been associated with sustainability. Different selection criteria in the Holstein breed have led to divergent Holstein strains with different suitability to grazing systems. Aim The objective of this work was to quantify and evaluate the energy partitioning between maintenance and milk production of two divergent Holstein strains (New Zealand Holstein and North American Holstein) in a grazing system without supplementation of concentrate. Methods New Zealand Holstein and North American Holstein cows, nine of each, in mid-lactation (183 ± 37 days in milk, mean ± s.d.) were allocated in a randomised block design and evaluated under grazing conditions. The cows were managed under a daily strip-grazing system and grazed perennial ryegrass as the only source of nutrients. After an adaptation period of 14 days, heat production, retained energy in milk and metabolisable energy intake were measured over 7 days, and animal behaviour was simultaneously recorded. Key results Milk yield did not differ between Holstein strains, but fat and protein content were greater for New Zealand than North American Holstein cows; consequently, retained energy in milk was 13% greater for the former strain. Heat production did not differ between Holstein strains, but metabolisable energy intake (kJ/bodyweight0.75.day) was greater for New Zealand than North American Holstein cows, which was associated with a greater pasture dry matter intake relative to their body weight. Both feed and energy efficiency were greater for New Zealand than North American Holstein cows. Conclusions The results supported that the New Zealand Holstein strain has greater energy and feed efficiency, demonstrating that it could be more suitable to be managed under a grazing dairy system without supplementation than the North American Holstein strain. Implications The New Zealand Holstein strain may be suited to selection as a dairy cow with the capacity to fulfil energy requirements from pasture, which is a key factor to improve production efficiency of grazing dairy systems.
Cell-free DNA profiling informs all major complications of hematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Cheng Alexandre Pellan , Cheng Matthew Pellan , Loy Conor James , Lenz Joan Sesing , Chen Kaiwen , Smalling Sami , Burnham Philip , Timblin Kaitlyn Marie , Orejas José Luis , Silverman Emily , Polak Paz , Marty Francisco M. , Ritz Jerome , De Vlaminck Iwijn 
Published: January 2022

Significance
Hematopoietic cell transplantation is the gold standard treatment for many blood disorders, including blood cancers. Nonetheless, frequent post-transplant complications limit the long-term benefit of HCT. Here, we find that circulating cell-free DNA is a highly versatile analyte for monitoring of the most important complications of HCT: Graft-Versus-Host Disease, infection, graft failure and disease relapse. We show that these different therapeutic complications can be informed from a single cell-free DNA sequencing assay followed by disease-specific bioinformatic analyses. This test requires only low coverage DNA sequencing and is compatible with small volumes of blood. Cell-free DNA may improve the care of allogeneic HCT recipients by enabling earlier detection and better prediction of the complex array of complications that occur after HCT.
Engineered human antibodies for the opsonization and killing ofStaphylococcus aureus
Authors: Chen Xinhai , Schneewind Olaf , Missiakas Dominique 
Published: January 2022

SignificanceStaphylococcus aureusinvariably acquires resistance mechanisms against new antibiotics. The persistent colonization withS. aureusis the key risk factor for invasive disease and a driver for the evolution of antibiotic resistant isolates. Anti-S. aureusantibodies that could promote decolonization, prevent infection, or treat disease would alleviate the selection for drug resistance. The successful development of such antibodies is complicated by Staphylococcal protein A (SpA) in the envelope ofS. aureus. SpA captures immunoglobulins via their constant region, preventing antibodies from initiating anti-staphylococcal activities. Here, we demonstrate that therapeutic anti-S. aureusantibodies can be engineered to avoid sequestration by SpA. Such antibodies display extended half-lives and improve bacterial uptake and killing by immune cells.
‘Fact type’ complementizer in Guadeloupean Creole
Authors: Tramutoli Laura 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper aims to give account of the distribution in Guadeloupean Creole of the form of the complementizer
kè. It claims that it has a specific distribution, as it seems to appear in opposition to the zero form.
Besides a sociolinguistic component, the presence of kè is associable with the fact type semantics of the
completive event (Dixon 2006), and so do other grammatical functions and markers that
are featured in the completive clauses when kè is present, such as independent TAM markers on the verb and the
obligatory featuring of a subject form in case of subject coreference.
Politeness and pragmatic transfer in L2 pronominal address usage
Authors: Wang Yixin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study investigates how Chinese learners of Spanish, who have a T/V distinction in their first language (L1),
use the T/V address forms in Spanish as a second language (L2). Findings show that the learners rely mainly on their L1 pragmatic
knowledge to employ the T/V in the L2. Despite having relatively good grammatical control of T/V, the learners produced frequent
T/V alternation due to negative pragmatic transfer. In Chinese using V normally conveys speaker’s perception of a high-power
differential and in relationships that are borderline T or V usage, shifting from T to V can convey deference and tends to
co-occur with face-threatening or face-enhancing acts. The learners transferred from Chinese their tendency to use V to express
deference and overutilized this politeness strategy in Spanish regardless of their relationship with the addressee. This
problematic usage may generate negative social consequences and calls for pedagogical intervention.
Paradigm Change Through the Tiaki Promise
Authors: Bronwyn Hutchison 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In the face of continued environmental, social and cultural degradation, what the world needs is a paradigm shift. A change in our paradigm (deepest worldviews and mindsets) to reflect our intrinsic connection with nature and the interconnectedness between people and place. Tourism is one place in which this can start. As one of the world’s largest industries tourism touches lives across the globe. It offers potential economic, social, environmental and cultural benefits, but equally it can have a negative impact on these factors. This is particularly so when tourism follows the dominant neoliberal paradigm which seeks growth over all else. An outcome of this neoliberal approach has been poor tourist behaviour that reflects the prioritization of tourist demands and growth in tourist numbers and expenditure over all else. One response to such behaviour has been the development of destination pledges. The Tiaki Promise destination pledge sows the seed for the common cause values, such as caring for others and connection with nature, that can facilitate paradigm change.

Information
Thanks to the ‘Good Tourism’ Blog for introducing the author to Tourism Cases
© Bronwyn Hutchison 2022
Late time cosmology in

f(R,G)

-gravity with interacting fluids
Authors: Paul B C , Chanda A , Beesham A , Maharaj S D 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Cosmological models are obtained in a f(R) modified gravity with a coupled Gauss–Bonnet (GB) terms in the gravitational action. The dynamical role of the GB terms is explored with a coupled dilaton field in two different cases (I)

f

(

R

)

=
R
+
γ

R

2

−
λ

R

3

m

s

2

δ

where γ, λ and δ are arbitrary constants and (II) f(R) = R and estimate the constraints on the model parameters. In the first case we choose GB terms coupled with a free scalar field in the presence of interacting fluid and in the second case GB terms coupled with scalar field in a self interacting potential to compare the observed Universe. The evolutionary scenario of the Universe is obtained adopting a numerical technique as the field equations are highly non-linear. Defining a new density parameter Ω
H
, a ratio of the dark energy (DE) density to the present energy density of the non-relativistic matter, we look for a late accelerating Universe. The state finder parameters Ω
H
, deceleration parameter (q), jerk parameter (j) are plotted. It is noted that a non-singular Universe with oscillating cosmological parameters for a given strength of interactions is admitted in model-I. The gravitational coupling constant λ is playing an important role. The Lagrangian density of f(R) is found to dominate over the GB terms when oscillating phase of DE arises. In model-II, we do not find oscillation of the cosmological parameters as the Universe evolves. In the presence of interaction the energy from radiation sector of matter cannot flow to the other two sectors of fluid. The range of values of the strengths of interaction of the fluids are estimated for a stable Universe assuming the primordial gravitational wave speed equal to unity.
Study of acceleration measurement in gravitational wave detection
Authors: Li Junlang , Zhang Teng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Position-meter and speed-meter interferometers have been analysed for detecting gravitational waves. Speed-meter is proposed to reduce the radiation pressure noise, which is dominant at low frequency. We introduce the concept of acceleration measurement in comparison with position and speed measurement. In this paper, we describe a general acceleration measurement and derive its standard quantum limit. We provide an example of an acceleration-meter interferometer configuration. We show that shot noise dominates at low frequency following a frequency dependence of 1/Ω2, while radiation pressure noise is constant. The acceleration-meter has even a stronger radiation pressure noise suppression than speed-meter.
Theoretical and experimental study of motion and sinking time of Saxon bowls
Authors: Jaikumar Sankar , Yang Liu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This work focuses on investigating the time of sinking of a Saxon bowl proposed by ‘International Young Physicists’ Tournament in 2020. A quasi-static model is built to simulate the motion path of the bowl and predict the sinking time subsequently. The model assumes an open axisymmetric bowl with a hole in its base. The hole is modelled as a pipe for which the flow profile is governed by a modified Bernoulli’s equation which has a coefficient of discharge (C
d) added to account for energy losses. The motion of the entire bowl is assumed to be in quasi-static equilibrium for an infinitesimal time interval to calculate the volumetric flow rate through the hole. The model is used to predict the sinking times of various bowls against independent variables—hole radius, bowl dimensions, mass of bowl, mass distribution of bowl, and coefficient of discharge—and predict the motion path of bowls of different, axisymmetric geometries. Characterisation of C
d was done by draining a bowl filled with water and measuring the time taken to do so. Experimental verification was completed through measuring sinking times of 3D printed hemispherical bowls of the different variables in water. Motion tracking of bowls with different geometries was done using computational pixel tracking software to verify the model’s predictive power. Data from experiments for sinking time against the variables corroborate with the model to a great degree. The motion path tracked, matched the modelled motion path to a high degree for bowls of different shapes, namely a hemisphere, cylinder, frustum, and a free-form axisymmetric shape. The work is poised for an undergraduate level of readership.
Enhanced field emission performance of Si nanopillars coated with LaB6 hats fabricated by microspheres lithography
Authors: Fan Haodong , Wang Xiaoju , Zha Linhong , Qi Kangcheng , Gu Zengjie 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
LaB6 nanofilm is coated on the top surface of silicon nanopillars forming a field emission array (FEA). Such a structure will be referred to subsequently as a ‘LaB6 hat-coated Si-FEA’. The electron emission mechanism of the LaB6 hat-coated Si-FEA is analyzed by OPERA simulation software. It reveals that the electron emission mainly depends on the LaB6 film edge. Moreover, the LaB6 hat-coated Si-FEA sample is prepared by microsphere lithography, and the field emission properties are tested. The results show that when the anode voltage is 850 V, the field emission current density reaches 458 mA cm−2, which is in good agreement with the simulation results. This work demonstrates that the field emission cathodes with low cost, high integration and high current can be realized by using LaB6 as emitter material combined with microsphere lithography technology.
A computational study of the interaction of oxygenates with the surface of rutile TiO2(110). Structural and electronic trends
Authors: Rohmann C , Idriss H 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A variety of OH containing molecules in their different modes of adsorption onto the rutile TiO2(110) are studied by means of density functional theory. A special focus is given to ethanol, ethylene glycol and glycerol. The different species were analyzed with respect to the adsorption energy, work function, and atomic Bader charges. Our results show that dissociated adsorption is favored in all cases. Within these modes, the strongest binding is observed in the case of bidentate fully dissociated adsorption, followed by bidentate partially dissociated then the monodentate dissociated modes. The dependence is also noted upon charge transfer analysis. Species adsorbing with two dissociated OH groups show a negative charge which is roughly twice as large compared to those exhibiting only one dissociated group. In the case of molecular adsorption, we find a small positive charge on the adsorbate. The change in work functions obtained is found to be negative in all studied cases. We observe a trend of the work function change being more negative for glycerol (3 OH groups) followed by ethylene glycol (2 OH groups) and the remaining alcohols (1 OH group), thus indicating that the number of OH groups present is an important factor in regards to work function changes. For the complete series of adsorbates studied (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, hydrogen peroxide and formic acid) there is a linear relationship between the change in the work function and the adsorption energy for the molecular adsorption mode. The relationship is less pronounced for the dissociated adsorption mode for the same series.
Effect of Rashba and Dresselhaus spin–orbit coupling on supercurrent rectification and magnetochiral anisotropy of ballistic Josephson junctions
Authors: Baumgartner C , Fuchs L , Costa A , Picó-Cortés Jordi , Reinhardt S , Gronin S , Gardner G C , Lindemann T , Manfra M J , Faria Junior P E , Kochan D , Fabian J , Paradiso N , Strunk C 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSimultaneous breaking of inversion- and time-reversal symmetry in Josephson junction (JJ) leads to a possible violation of theI(φ) = −I(−φ) equality for the current–phase relation. This is known as anomalous Josephson effect and it produces a phase shiftφ0in sinusoidal current–phase relations. In ballistic JJs with non-sinusoidal current phase relation the observed phenomenology is much richer, including the supercurrent diode effect and the magnetochiral anisotropy (MCA) of Josephson inductance. In this work, we present measurements of both effects on arrays of JJs defined on epitaxial Al/InAs heterostructures. We show that the orientation of the current with respect to the lattice affects the MCA, possibly as the result of a finite Dresselhaus component. In addition, we show that the two-fold symmetry of the Josephson inductance reflects in the activation energy for phase slips.
An in-situ conductometric apparatus for physicochemical characterization of solutions and in-line monitoring of separation processes at elevated temperatures and pressures
Authors: Yoon Tae Jun , Riglin Jacob D , Sharan Prashant , Currier Robert P , Maerzke Katie A , Findikoglu Alp T 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Specific conductance and frequency-dependent resistance (impedance) data are widely utilized for understanding the physicochemical characteristics of aqueous and non-aqueous fluids and for evaluating the performance of chemical processes. However, the implementation of such an in-situ probe in high-temperature and high-pressure environments is not trivial. This work provides a description of both the hardware and software associated with implementing a parallel-type in-situ electrochemical sensor. The sensor can be used for in-line monitoring of thermal desalination processes and for impedance measurements in fluids at high temperature and pressure. A comparison between the experimental measurements on the specific conductance in aqueous sodium chloride solutions and the conductance model demonstrate that the methodology yields reasonable agreement with both the model and literature data. A combination of hardware components, a software-based correction for experimental artifacts, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculations used in this work provide a sound basis for implementing such in-situ electrochemical sensors to measure frequency-dependent resistance spectra.
Weak fault feature extraction of rolling element bearings based on ensemble tunable Q-factor wavelet transform and non-dominated negentropy
Authors: Gu Xiaohui , Yang Shaopu , Liu Yongqiang , Liu Zechao , Hao Rujiang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTunableQ-factor wavelet transform (TQWT) has been proven to be usable in the fault diagnosis of rolling element bearings; however, its performance is heavily dependent on the selection of theQ-factor for decomposition and the optimal subband for reconstruction. In this paper, a novel method based on ensemble TQWT and non-dominated negentropy is proposed for weak repetitive transient extraction. Firstly, the vibration signal is decomposed with couples ofQ-factors and redundancies to match the fault-induced oscillatory behaviors. Then, negentropy is utilized to evaluate the square envelopes and square envelope spectra of all subband signals from impulsiveness and cyclostationarity, respectively. After that, Pareto filtering is performed to search for the non-dominated set, and the knee point in the Pareto front is drawn on a distance metric for decision-making of the optimal subband. Finally, single branch reconstruction of the optimal subband is conducted to identify the fault characteristics for diagnosis. The effectiveness of the proposed non-dominated negentropy in weak fault feature extraction of rolling element bearings is verified by both simulation and experimental case studies. Furthermore, comparative studies also demonstrate its superiority over three peer ensemble TQWT methods.
Numerical simulation of microstructure evolution of high-purity tantalum during rolling and annealing
Authors: Li Wei , Liang Chen , Zhang Xudong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this study, a unified model of thermoplastic deformation and the corresponding microstructure evolution for tantalum with high purity was first proposed by introducing the state variable equations of recrystallization fraction, average grain size, and grain growth. The subroutine of microstructure evolution model was programmed for embedding into the finite element simulation of tantalum plates upon rolling and annealing, and the parameters of microstructure evolution were obtained by fitting the experimental data. Our simulation results reveal the correlations among the microstructures, rolling reduction, annealing temperature and time. Based on these findings, a guideline for optimizing the microstructure of tantalum is proposed.