bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrative species delimitation of Selaginella labordei and closely related species: Uncovering the mysterious identity of S. jugorum and S. tibetica, and description of a new species
Authors: Zhang Meng‐Hua , Zhang Xian‐Chun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe taxonomy of Selaginella has been historically problematic due to the indistinguishable morphological characters within species complexes. The S. labordei group contains (S. subg. Stachygynandrum) 4–7 species, distributed from the Himalayas to eastern China. The taxonomy of this group was problematic due to few collections that were available to delimitate S. jugorum and S. tibetica, and large variation of the widely distributed S. labordei in different ecological conditions. Here, we re‐evaluate the species delimitation of the S. labordei group using morphological, molecular and cytological data. A total of 55 individuals representing five species of the S. labordei group were investigated using two nuclear markers (26S rDNA, pgiC), one plastid marker (rbcL), as well as 43 plastid‐coding sequences obtained from assembled plastid genomes. Five species are recognized based on the phylogenetic analysis of nuclear genes and plastid‐coding sequences. The plastid genomes phylogeny showed a good resolution at lower taxonomic levels. All the individuals of the broadly defined S. labordei formed a monophyletic group in our analyses of different datasets. However, samples of S. chrysocaulos were strongly supported as non‐monophyletic and were divided into two clades. One clade of S. chrysocaulos is described as a new species, Selaginella parachrysocaulos sp. nov., which is a cryptic species morphologically almost indistinguishable from S. chrysocaulos but with the microspores covered by a honeycomb‐like network microstructure. The nuclear pgiC phylogeny and flow cytometry evidence indicate that some individuals of S. parachrysocaulos may be derived from polyploidization. Based on molecular and morphological evidence, S. sichuanica and S. daozhenensis are treated as synonymous to S. labordei, and S. hengduanshanicola to S. tibetica. Our results uncover the previously mysterious affinities of S. jugorum and S. tibetica, which are members of the S. labordei group.
Application of tail transmitters for tracking feral horses as an alternative to radio collars
Authors: King Sarah R. B. , Schoenecker Kathryn A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRadio collars have been used to examine the spatial ecology of all North American ungulates, but are rarely used on feral horses due to concerns that they may cause injury. Due to public concerns for animal welfare, an alternative to radio collars for tracking feral horses, particularly stallions, over the short term would be useful. We developed a method of attaching a global positioning system (GPS) transmitter to feral horse tails, and provide step by step instructions so that others may apply this method. We braided the tail and affixed a transmitter tag to the braid with epoxy, cable ties, and an attachment cord run through the braid. Between 2016 and 2017 we fitted 114 VHF or VHF‐GPS tags in the tails of free‐roaming feral horses in western Utah. From when tags were fitted to September 2020 tag retention time ranged from <1 to 36 months (n = 111, mean = 8.50 ± SD 6.39 months). We found that our braided, tail‐mounted transmitter tags can provide a viable alternative to radio collars for meeting shorter‐term data collection needs once data transmission difficulties are overcome.
Knowledge-based manufacturability assessment for optimization of additive manufacturing processes based on automated feature recognition from CAD models
Authors: Stavropoulos Panagiotis , Tzimanis Konstantinos , Souflas Thanassis , Bikas Harry 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) is a significant development of the manufacturing sector that has emerged during the last decades and tends to change the way products are designed, manufactured, and repaired, enabling unprecedented flexibility levels. The unique process mechanism of AM enables the realization of complex designs after considering design limitations, which are unique to each process mechanism and machine. These limitations, together with the lack of established AM-related knowledge, lead to the design of parts that are not fully conforming with AM buildability restrictions, resulting in failed builds. To this end, this work presents a methodology that enables to embed the AM-related knowledge and use it for an automated manufacturability assessment. The 3D model of a part is used as an input in an.stp format, and the features that are relevant for AM manufacturability are recognized from the global CAD. Then, an analysis of the manufacturability of these features according to the limitations of the process and/or machine is performed, and design changes are suggested to the user aiming to improve the process outputs. The whole methodology is implemented in a software tool with an intuitive user-interface that supports the users in the design of parts that will be made with additive manufacturing.
Stereotactic radiotherapy of nodal oligometastases from prostate cancer: a prisma-compliant systematic review
Authors: Zamagni Alice , Bonetti Mattia , Buwenge Milly , Macchia Gabriella , Deodato Francesco , Cilla Savino , Galietta Erika , Strigari Lidia , Cellini Francesco , Tagliaferri Luca , Cammelli Silvia , Morganti Alessio Giuseppe 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAndrogen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the standard treatment of metastatic prostate cancer (PCa). However, metastases-directed therapies can delay the initiation or switch of systemic treatments and allow local control (LC) and prolonged progression-free survival (PFS), particularly in patients with lymph nodes (LN) oligometastases. We performed a systematic review on stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in this setting. Papers reporting LC and/or PFS were selected. Data on ADT-free survival, overall survival, and toxicity were also collected from the selected studies. Fifteen studies were eligible (414 patients), 14 of them were retrospective analyses. A high heterogeneity was observed in terms of patient selection and treatment. In one study SBRT was delivered as a single 20 Gy fraction, while in the others the median total dose ranged between 24 and 40 Gy delivered in 3–6 fractions. LC and PFS were reported in 15 and 12 papers, respectively. LC was reported as a crude percentage in 13 studies, with 100% rate in seven and 63.2–98.0% in six reports. Five studies reported actuarial LC (2-year LC: 70.0–100%). PFS was reported as a crude rate in 11 studies (range 27.3–68.8%). Actuarial 2-year PFS was reported in four studies (range 30.0–50.0%). SBRT tolerability was excellent, with only two patients with grade 3 acute toxicity and two patients with grade 3 late toxicity. SBRT for LN oligorecurrences from PCa in safe and provides optimal LC. However, the long-term effect on PFS and OS is still unclear as well as which patients are the best candidate for this approach.
The Endocannabinoid System and Eating Behaviours: a Review of the Current State of the Evidence
Authors: Aguilera Vasquez Nathaly , Nielsen Daiva E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose of the Review
The endocannabinoid system (ENS) has emerged as an important factor in food intake and may have implications for nutrition research. The objective of the current report is to summarise the available evidence on the ENS and eating behaviour from both animal and human studies.

Recent Findings
The literature reviewed demonstrates a clear link between the ENS and eating behaviours. Overall, studies indicate that 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) via cannabinoid receptor-1 (CNR1) binding may stimulate hunger and food intake while oleylethanolamide (OEA) may inhibit hunger. Mechanisms of these associations are not yet well understood, although the evidence suggests that there may be interactions with other physiological systems to consider. Most studies have been conducted in animal models, with few human studies available.

Summary
Additional research is warranted among human populations into the ENS and eating behaviour. Evaluation of relationships between variation in ENS genes and dietary outcomes is an important area for investigation.
Is the measurement of tissue advanced glycosylation products by skin autofluorescence associated with mortality in patients treated by peritoneal dialysis?
Authors: Vareesangthip Kornchanok , Fan Stanley , Davenport Andrew 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Advanced glycosylated end-products (AGEs) have been shown to cause cardiovascular disease, and tissue AGE accumulation can be measured by skin autofluorescence (SAF). AGEs are cleared by the kidney, and thus accumulate in dialysis patients. However, as the results of SAF measurements in peritoneal dialysis patients (PD) have been ambiguous, we examined the association between mortality and SAF.

Methods
We reviewed SAF measurements in PD patients attending a university associated PD program, along with standard measurements of dialysis adequacy and peritoneal membrane function.

Results
We studied 341 prevalent PD patients, 61.9% male, mean age 61.2 ± 16 years, and 31.4% of all patients died during a median follow-up of 27.2 (23.3–36.3) months. Patients who died were older, mean age 72 ± 10.5 years, were more often diabetic (60.7%), and had higher median SAF 3.8 (3.2–4.5) AU. On logistic regression, mortality was independently associated with age (odds ratio (OR) 1.1 (95% confidence limits 1.06–1.16), diabetes OR 10.1 (3.1–33.4), SAF OR 3.3 (1.8–6.2), all p < 0.001, and male gender OR 5.2 (1.6–17.4), p = 0.007; and negatively associated with weight OR 0.91 (0.86–0.95), p < 0..001, normalised nitrogen appearance rate (nPNA) OR 0.05 (0.01–0.4), p = 0.005 and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) OR 0.96 (0.93–0.96), p = 0.03.

Conclusions
In this observational study, SAF was independently associated with mortality. However, other factors were also associated with mortality, including age, diabetes and malnutrition which have all been reported to affect SAF measurements. Thus, the additional predictive value of measuring SAF compared to standard risk factors for mortality remains to be determined.

Graphical abstract
Beyond Climate Isolationism: a Necessary Shift for Climate Justice
Authors: Stephens Jennie C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review explores how more transformative climate policies are emerging arguing that such policies require decision-makers to move beyond the dominant, narrow technocratic lens that I call climate isolationism.Recent FindingsClimate isolationism refers to the common framing of climate change as an isolated, discrete, scientific problem in need of technological solutions. Stemming from dominant assumptions of patriarchal white-male conceptions of privilege and power, climate isolationism has not only been ineffective in responding to the climate crisis and mobilizing transformative change but it has also resulted in climate and energy programs, policies, and priorities that exacerbate inequities and perpetuate economic and racial injustice.SummaryThis paper reviews the inadequacy and dangers of climate isolationism, explores why climate justice provides an alternative more effective framing, and calls for more intentional consideration of power and power dynamics in climate decision-making to shift from climate isolationism to climate justice.
Interpretation of Unilateral Acts in International Law
Authors: Kassoti Eva 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe article explores the question of interpretation of unilateral acts in international law both from the perspective of ascertaining their binding force (law determination) and from the perspective of ascertaining their content (content determination). It argues that the objective intention of the author to be bound is what distinguishes binding commitments of unilateral origin from non-binding ones. In turn, this involves the interpretation of a unilateral act in accordance with its content and the circumstances surrounding its making. In practice, the use of clear and specific wording in conjunction with a set of contextual indicators are indicia of the intention to create a binding unilateral commitment. Against this backdrop, the article continues by addressing the question of interpretation of unilateral acts from the standpoint of ascertaining their content. It shows that the text of the act is the primary consideration in determining its content—and that its context as well as the circumstances surrounding its making are also interpretative elements that need to be taken into account. Due to the unilateral origin of these acts the interpretative rule applicable to international agreements can only be used as a point of reference when it comes to interpreting the content of these acts. In this light, the article concludes that more practice is needed in order to elucidate the exact role and weight that should be ascribed to non-textual elements in the context of interpreting unilateral acts. At the same time, the article argues in favour of adopting a broader approach to the concept of ‘interpretation’ in international law. Viewing interpretation not merely as content determination but also as law ascertainment allows us to better assess the persuasive value of arguments in favour or against certain interpretative rules when practice is scant—as is the case with unilateral acts.
Rebel governance: a vibrant field of research
Authors: Teiner David 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis literature review provides an outline of a comparatively young academic discipline, referred to as Rebel Governance. Individual avenues of research are divided and introduced, and landmark studies are reflected upon and connected with each other. This field of research has grown steadily in recent years, and its relevance is particularly evident as it becomes increasingly visible that rebel groups exercise rule beyond the nation-state with varying degrees of ambition, success, and violence, and that spaces lacking state authority are by no means ungoverned. Following an introduction on the embeddedness of Rebel Governance in International Relations and a general overview of the entire research field, the individual research strands in Rebel Governance are presented and outlined. These include political institutions and organizational structures, the regulation of commercial production, civilian life under rebel rule, social services and legitimacy enhancement, rebel diplomacy, and symbolic governance. This division and the research presented therein results in a broad overview of an increasingly important field of research that can generate explanations for phenomena that are so far insufficiently understood and can provide policy advice for interacting with rebel groups exercising governance. Simultaneously, this review also offers a wide-ranging reflection of the different spheres of Rebel Governance that have been explored so far and can thus be used to consolidate and connect insights in order to increase the accessibilityof this field of study.
Matching and Scheduling of Student-Company-Talks for a University IT-Speed Dating Event
Authors: Ackermann Christian , Hahne Felix , Rieck Julia 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the IT-speed dating of a German university is considered, where students have talks with different companies in order to find a suitable internship. The goal is to create a good and fair matching of students and companies for these talks, based on student preferences, and to schedule the resulting talks in order to maintain the given time horizon and minimize the necessary room changes for the students. We solved the problem in two steps. First, we modeled the matching problem as an extended version of the capacitated transportation problem and solved it using a modified stepping stone method. Second, we present two approaches to solve the scheduling problem. A Monte Carlo tree search procedure generates time-constrained schedules with minimal duration, while a genetic algorithm generates longer schedules with individual pauses and fewer room changes. The approaches led to significantly more talks with valuable content, a shorter duration, and greater satisfaction of all participants.
Improving understanding and utilization of the antibiogram among medical residents
Authors: Cooper Stephen J. , Destache Christopher J. , Vivekanandan Renuga 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this quality improvement project, we sought to increase the understanding and utilization of the antibiogram among physicians in family medicine, internal medicine, and surgery residency programs at a Midwest Academic Healthcare institution. Through simple, inexpensive measures the comfort with, access to, and utilization of the antibiogram can be improved.
Survival Evaluation of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients with Cox Frailty Approach
Authors: Osmani Freshteh , Ziaee Masood 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
The survival cox analysis is becoming more popular in time-to-event data analysis. When there are unobserved /unmeasured individual factors, then the results of this model may not be dependable. Hence, this study aimed to determine the factors associated with Covid-19 patients’ survival time with considering frailty factor.

Methods:
This study was conducted at 1 of the hospitals in Iran, so that hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were included. Epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and outcome data on admission were extracted from electronic medical records. Gamma-frailty Cox model was used to identify the effects of the risk factors.

Results:
A total of 360 patients with COVID-19 enrolled in the study. The median age was 74 years (IQR 61 – 83), 903 (57·7%) were men, and 661 (42·3%) were women; the mortality rate was 17%. The Cox frailty model showed that there is at least a latent factor in the model (P = 0.005). Age and platelet count were negatively associated with the length of stay, while red blood cell count was positively associated with the length of stay of patients.

Conclusion:
The Cox frailty model indicates that in addition to age, the frailty factor is a useful predictor of survival in Covid-19 patients.
Longitudinal experiences and risk factors for common mental health problems and suicidal behaviours among female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Beksinska Alicja , Shah Pooja , Kungu Mary , Kabuti Rhoda , Babu Hellen , Jama Zaina , Panneh Mamtuti , Nyariki Emily , Nyabuto Chrispo , Okumu Monica , Ngurukiri Pauline , Irungu Erastus , Kaul Rupert , Seeley Janet , Gafos Mitzy , Beattie Tara S. , Weiss Helen A. , Kimani Joshua 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundFemale sex workers (FSWs) are at high risk of mental health problems and suicide risk. Few longitudinal studies have examined risk factors for poor mental health among FSWs.MethodsMaisha Fiti is a longitudinal study among FSWs randomly selected from Sex Worker Outreach Programme clinics across Nairobi. Behavioural-biological survey data were collected at baseline (n = 1003, June–December 2019), midline (n = 366) (Jan–March 2020) and endline (n = 877) (June 2020–Jan 2021). Women reporting mental health problems were offered counselling services. Multivariable mixed logistic regression models were used to examine factors associated with mental health problems and suicidal behaviours.ResultsThere was a decline in the proportion of women reporting any mental health problem (depression and/or anxiety and/or PTSD) (baseline: 29.9%, midline: 13.3%, endline: 11.8%). There was strong evidence that any mental health problem was associated with recent hunger (aOR 1.99; 95% CI 1.37–2.88) and recent violence from non-intimate partners (2.23; 95% CI 1.55–3.19). Recent suicidal behaviour prevalence was similar across survey rounds (baseline: 10.2%; midline: 10.2%; endline: 10.4%), and was associated with recent violence from non-intimate partners (aOR 1.96; 95% CI 1.31–2.95), recent hunger (aOR 1.69; 95% CI 1.15–2.47) and having an additional employment to sex work (aOR 1.50; 95% CI 1.00–2.23).ConclusionsOur study found a decline in mental health problems but high levels of persistent suicidal behaviours among FSWs. Syndemic risk factors including food insecurity and violence were longitudinally associated with mental health problems and recent suicidal behaviours. There is a need for accessible mental health services for FSWs, alongside structural interventions addressing poverty and violence.
Jewishness without Jews? Ontological Security, Ethnonationalism, and the Social Power of Analogical Reasoning in Postcolonial Nigeria
Authors: Ejiofor Promise Frank 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhy do Igbo nationalists subscribe to the view that Igbos are one of the Lost Tribes of Israel and thus descend from Jewish people despite evidence against such genealogical and cultural ties? This problematic is largely underexplored in the copious literature on ethnonationalist agitations in Nigeria. Drawing on ontological security theory, I contend that Igbo nationalists employ the analogy of Jewishness to posit the Igbo as a unique ethnoreligious and ethnoracial group whose identity is under existential threat in postcolonial Nigeria and to draw global attention to their separatist cause. Further, I argue that although belief in the similarities between Jews and Igbos predates postcolonial Igbo nationalism – there are scores of racialist writings advanced by European colonizers in precolonial times to undermine African cultures (the so-called Hamitic hypothesis) – it was particularly invoked by Igbo nationalists during the gory Nigerian Civil War (1967–1970), a defining moment in the social construction of Igbo identity. Igbo nationalists appropriated the Jewish experience of persecution in Central and Eastern Europe to make their case for the ontological security of Igbos. Whilst this political strategy was partially successful, it did not halt the Nigerian state from extirpating Biafra. Despite the reincorporation of Biafran territory into Nigeria, Igbo nationalists still see themselves as Jews and Jewishness has mutated into something of a pristine Igbo identity in postcolonial Nigeria.
Translators to weave with the non-humans
Authors: Bonneval Karine 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
My visual artworks propose ways of being in the world—the world that humans share with non-humans. By developing projects such as breathe with a tree or listen to soil, I wish my installations to be experienced as translators. Those art projects are the result of collaborations with different teams of scientists. Together we found technological tools that could be used in art installations. These hybridizations between art and science sometimes mischievously divert technology, and instead, offer us aesthetic work with its roots deep in traditional arts and crafts knowledge. With them we can—for a moment—share time with plants, and be in dialogue with air, soil and gravity. The first project, Dendromacy, an experimental movie, was designed with a specific cooled lens thermal camera. The second one, Listening to the soil, a sounded ceramic installation started from bioacoustics recordings of the soil mega and meso-fauna.