bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epigenetic lockdown of CDKN1A (p21) and CDKN2A (p16) characterises the neoplastic spindle cell component of giant cell tumours of bone
Authors: Giesche Julian , Mellert Kevin , Geißler Sven , Arndt Sophia , Seeling Carolin , von Baer Alexandra , Schultheiss Markus , Marienfeld Ralf , Möller Peter , Barth Thomas FE 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGiant cell tumour of bone (GCTB) comprises the eponymous osteoclastic multinucleated giant cells eliciting bone lysis, an H3F3A‐mutated neoplastic mononucleated fibroblast‐like cell population, and H3F3A wild‐type mononucleated stromal cells. In this study, we characterised four new cell lines from GCTB. Furthermore, we compared the genome‐wide DNA methylation profile of 13 such tumours and three further cell lines with giant cell‐rich lesions comprising three H3F3B‐mutated chondroblastomas, three USP6‐rearranged aneurysmal bone cysts, three non‐ossifying fibromas, two hyperparathyroidism‐associated brown tumours as well as mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts. In an unsupervised analysis, we delineated GCTB and chondroblastomas from the other analysed tumour entities. Using comparative methylation analysis, we demonstrated that the methylation pattern of the cell lines approximately equals that of H3F3A‐mutated stromal cells in tissue. These patterns more resemble that of osteoblasts than that of mesenchymal stem cells, which argues for the osteoblast as the cell of origin of giant cell tumours of bone. Using enrichment analysis, we detected distinct hypermethylated clusters containing histone and collagen genes as well as target genes of the tumour suppressor p53. We found that the promotor regions of CDKN1A, CDKN2A, and IGFBP3 are methylated more strongly in GCTB than in the other giant cell‐containing lesions, mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts (p < 0.001). This hypermethylation correlates with the lower gene expression at the mRNA level for these three genes in the cell lines, the lack of p16 and p21 in these cell lines, and the lower expression of p16 and p21 in GCTB. Overall, our analysis reveals characteristic DNA methylation patterns of giant cell tumours of bone and chondroblastomas and shows that cell lines of giant cell tumours of bone are a valid model for further analysis of H3F3A‐mutated tumour cells. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Systematical characterization and comparison of saponins in Achyranthes bidentata Blume and its three analogous species
Authors: Wang Yingying , Yao Changliang , Wang Mengyuan , Li Jiayuan , Li Zhenwei , Zhang Jianqing , Wei Wenlong , Bi Qirui , Guo De‐an 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionAchyranthes bidentata Blume (AB) has been used for a long time and is recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 edition. It is commonly confused with Achyranthes aspera Linn (AA), Cyathula officinalis Kuan (CO) and Cyathula capitata (Wall.) Moq. (CC), belonging to the Achyranthes and Cyathula genera of the Amaranthaceae family. It is of great significance to recognize and distinguish chemical components of AB, AA, CO and CC.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to develop an analytical method for in‐depth characterization and comparison of saponins in AB, AA, CO and CC.MethodsThe extracts of AB, AA, CO and CC were analyzed by an RP × RP (C18 × Phenyl‐Hexyl) 2D LC system, eluted by acidic × ion pair mobile phases and detected by high resolution mass spectrometry. Fragmentation patterns of saponins were elucidated and proposed according to reference compounds or literature reports.ResultsAs a result, 839 saponins consisting of 81, 415, 99 and 392 components corresponding to AB, AA, CO and CC, respectively, were characterized, including 594 potentially new saponins. Meanwhile, 29 kinds of aglycones were elucidated, among which 25 were new ones. Besides, 14, 91, 37 and 174 characteristic potential quality markers with MS intensities exceeding 10,000 were found in AB, AA, CO and CC, respectively.ConclusionThis comprehensive study not only expands our knowledge of the types of saponins in Achyranthes and Cyathula, but also reveals the differences among four kinds of analogous herbs (AB, AA, CO and CC), which facilitates the quality control of these herbal medicines in the future.
Large‐scale evaluation of physical drift and volatility of 2,4‐D choline in cotton: a four‐year field study
Authors: Hwang Jeong‐In , Norsworthy Jason K , Houston Michael M , Piveta Leonard B , Priess Grant L , Zaccaro‐Gruener Maria L , Barber L Tom , Butts Thomas R 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDCotton with resistance to 2,4‐d choline, glufosinate and glyphosate allows over‐the‐top use of these herbicides for postemergence weed control. Nontransgenic cotton is highly responsive to low rates of 2,4‐d, causing concern among farmers when the herbicide is applied near the crop. Injury to nearby cotton following application of 2,4‐d choline is sometimes blamed on volatilization of the herbicide.RESULTSA large‐scale experiment was conducted in 2018–2021 to better understand causes of damage to nearby sensitive cotton following an application of 2,4‐d choline plus glufosinate‐ammonium. The herbicides were applied to 0.4 ha in the center of a 4‐ha non‐Enlist cotton field. At 30 min after application, air samplers were established in the treated center and outside the treated area in cardinal directions. The 72‐h cumulative air concentration of 2,4‐d in the swath ranged from 3.3 to 7.1 ng m−3, and most volatile residues (5.0–25.5 ng m−3) were detected in samplers established in the downwind direction directly adjacent to the treated field. Cotton plants in three downwind transects that were covered for 30 min after application were not damaged by 2,4‐d, whereas noncovered plants along the downwind transects were injured. No cotton injury occurred outside the treated area, except in the downwind direction during application even though wind direction changed after application.CONCLUSION2,4‐d choline volatilizes, but findings show that the volatilization is not sufficient to damage cotton in the neighboring area following applications, pointing to the importance of applicators understanding wind direction/shift during the application along with proximity of sensitive crops in the downwind direction. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Designing a Novel Electrolyte Na3.2Hf2Si2.2P0.8O11.85F0.3 for All‐Solid‐State Na‐O2 Batteries
Authors: Sun Qi , Dai Lei , Tang Yongfu , sun Jun , Meng Weidong , Luo Tingting , Wang Ling , Liu Shan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSodium‐air battery has great development potential due to its high energy density and high safety. However, most previous works are based on liquid electrolyte or polymer electrolyte, which will inevitably result in safety hazards such as electrolyte leakage and sodium dendrite growth. Herein, an all‐solid‐state Na‐O2 battery based on a well‐designed NASICON‐type electrolyte Na3.2Hf2Si2.2P0.8O11.85F0.3, which has high ionic conductivity (2.39 × 10−3 S cm−1) and excellent chemical stability, is developed. Collaborating with the reasonable humidity of the atmosphere, the battery shows good cycle stability. This research demonstrates that NASICON‐type electrolyte Na3.2Hf2Si2.2P0.8O11.85F0.3 has good application potential for all‐solid‐state Na‐O2 batteries and lays a solid foundation on the material preparation and optimization for developing high‐energy sodium‐air batteries.
Chemical Properties of Composite Flat Bread and their Impact on the Glycemic Index and Digestibility Rates as Well as a Quality Assessment of Composite Flour during Storage
Authors: Jordge Jamiul Haque , Rahaman Mafizur , Rahman Md. Atikur , Kanan Kawser Alam , Akter Mst. Sorifa , Mozumder N. H. M. Rubel , Ahmed Maruf 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe study investigates the impact of partial substitution of whole wheat flour with legumes, roots, and cereal flour on the physicochemical and nutritional properties of composite flour and flat bread. The flat bread is prepared using whole wheat flour with chickpea flour, sweet potato flour, maize flour, soy flour, and cassava flour respectively in the following ratio of 100:0:0:0:0:0 (S1), 45:25:20:5: 5:0 (S2), and 40:25:20:5:5:5 (S3). The glycemic index (GI), digestion rates, glycemic load, and sensory evaluation of flat bread are also estimated. The findings show that fat content (5.45%–5.52%), fiber content (5.12%–5.21%), and carotenoid content (9.81–10.50 µg g−1) are significantly higher in composite flour and flat bread (S2 and S3), respectively, compared to control flour (S1) and control flat bread (S1). Composite flours have nonsignificant difference in physicochemical and nutritional properties during storage. Both the composite flat breads (S2 and S3) display a significantly lower glycemic response than the whole wheat flat bread (S1). Panelists accept sensory attributes of composite flat breads. This research indicates that the composite flat bread (S2) has 30.92% lower GI than whole wheat flat bread (49.06%), which could assist in the management of diabetes.
Nonlinear large deformation problem of rectangular thin plates and its perturbation solution under cylindrical bending: Transform from plate/membrane to beam/cable
Authors: He Xiao‐Ting , Ai Jie‐Chuan , Li Zheng‐Ying , Peng Dan‐Dan , Sun Jun‐Yi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Föppl‐von Kármán equations describing deformation of flexible thin plates are established on the basis of moderately large‐deflection and small rotation angle. For many years, the equations have been regarded as a classical and effective model used for the analysis of flexible thin plate problems, and at the same time, this model has also been constantly evolving and improving. The improvements for the model, however, come mainly from properties of materials perspective, but seldom from the deformation of plate perspective. In this study, we revisit Föppl‐von Kármán equations from the viewpoint of deformation concerning rotation angle. A new form for the classical equations without a small‐rotation‐angle assumption is derived, for the first time, by giving up the basic assumption that the sine function of the rotation angle equals to the first‐order derivative of the corresponding displacement, thus improving the governing equations while enhancing the nonlinearity. The abandonment of the small‐rotation‐angle assumption reveals such a fact that the second‐order derivative of displacement in classical equations originates from the curvature and twist of plates. Due to the complexity of the equations derived, its perturbation solution is obtained under cylindrical bending with two opposites fully fixed. Results indicate that via cylindrical bending, a two‐dimensional plate or membrane problem is easily associated with a one‐dimensional beam or cable problem. Results also show that the abandonment of the small‐rotation‐angle assumption will contribute to the free development of the deflection curve rotation of the plate, while at the same time, the deflection value will tend to decrease to agree with the deformation of the plate.
Zwischen Disruption und Integration: Governance von digitalen Plattformen im Personentransportsektor aus feldtheoretischer Perspektive
Authors: Pernicka Susanne , Schüßler Elke 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungIn dem Beitrag untersuchen wir die Rekonfiguration von Personentransportmärkten mit Pkw durch digitale Plattformen im Hinblick auf die Frage, ob neue Marktakteure ihre Vorstellung zur Governance dieser Märkte durchsetzen können. Hierfür entwickeln wir einen durch Pierre Bourdieus Sozialtheorie inspirierten feldtheoretischen Zugang, der die Wechselwirkung von endogenen und exogenen Kräften bei Kämpfen um die Governance von Feldern in den Blick nimmt. Empirisch führen wir einen Vergleich des Personentransportsektors mit Pkw in Wien (Österreich) und Berlin (Deutschland) durch. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass in beiden Märkten keine vollständige Disruption durch neue Akteure und Technologien stattfand. Während in Österreich (Wien) Plattformen in das Taxigewerbe eingegliedert wurden, blieben die feldspezifischen Spaltungen und Grenzkonflikte zwischen Plattformen und Mietwagenunternehmen auf der einen Seite und Taxiunternehmen auf der anderen Seite in Deutschland (Berlin) allerdings aufrecht und wurden durch Plattformen noch verstärkt. Dieses Ergebnis lässt sich vor allem durch unterschiedliche Strukturen und Praktiken der interagierenden assoziativen, politisch-administrativen und rechtlichen Felder sowie durch die resultierenden Deutungskonflikte um die Funktion von digitalen Plattformen in lokalen Taximärkten und im multiskalaren Feld der Macht erklären.
Prevalence of Chronic Pelvic Pain by Sexual Orientation in a Large Cohort of Young Women in the United States
Authors: Tabaac Ariella R. , Chwa Cindy , Sutter Megan E. , Missmer Stacey A. , Boskey Elizabeth R. , Austin S. Bryn , Grimstad Frances , Charlton Brittany M. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundSexual minority (lesbian, bisexual, mostly heterosexual) young women face many sexual and reproductive health disparities, but there is scant information on their experiences of chronic pelvic pain, including an absence of information on prevalence, treatment, and outcomes.AimThe purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of chronic pelvic pain experiences of young women by sexual orientation identity and gender of sexual partners.MethodsThe analytical sample consisted of a nationwide sample of 6,150 U.S. young women (mean age = 23 years) from the Growing Up Today Study who completed cross-sectional questionnaires from 1996 to 2007.OutcomesAge-adjusted regression analyses were used to examine groups categorized by sexual orientation identity (completely heterosexual [ref.], mostly heterosexual, bisexual, lesbian) and gender of sexual partner (only men [ref.], no partners, both men, and women). We examined differences in lifetime and past-year chronic pelvic pain symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and quality of life outcomes. Sensitivity analyses also examined the role of pelvic/gynecologic exam history and hormonal contraceptive use as potential effect modifiers.ResultsAround half of all women reported ever experiencing chronic pelvic pain, among whom nearly 90% had past-year chronic pelvic pain. Compared to completely heterosexual women, there was greater risk of lifetime chronic pelvic pain among mostly heterosexual (risk ratio [RR] = 1.30, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22–1.38), bisexual (RR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.10–1.52), and lesbian (RR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.00–1.52) young women. Additionally, compared to young women with only past male sexual partners, young women who had both men and women as past sexual partners were more likely to report chronic pelvic pain interfered with their social activities (b = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.25–1.02), work/school (b = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.17–0.93), and sex (b = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.05–1.00).Clinical ImplicationsHealthcare providers, medical education, and field-wide standards of care should be attentive to the way sexual orientation-based healthcare disparities can manifest into differential prognosis and quality of life outcomes for women with chronic pelvic pain (particularly bisexual women).Strengths & LimitationsOur study is the first to examine a variety of chronic pelvic pain outcomes in a nationwide U.S. sample across different outcomes (ie, past-year and lifetime). Though limited by sample homogeneity in terms of age, race, ethnicity, and gender, findings from this article provide foundational insights about chronic pelvic pain experiences of sexual minority young women.ConclusionOur key finding is that sexual minority women were commonly affected by chronic pelvic pain, and bisexual women face pain-related quality of life disparities.
Archaeological Survey Supported by Mobile GIS
Authors: Fábrega-Álvarez Pastor , Lynch Julieta 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn recent years, digital technologies applied to archaeology have led to considerable changes in fieldwork. However, the use of mobile GIS for fieldwork has not been widespread, especially in countries where GIS is not yet entrenched within the field of archaeology. Over the last decade, the technological context associated with mobile GIS has changed. In this text, these changes are discussed based on a case study developed in Catamarca (Argentina), in which the possibilities of a more generalized use of mobile GIS—based on free, open, and available resources (software, data, devices)–are discussed. This article assesses the main problems faced and describes the basic steps taken to implement a field recording system based on mobile GIS.
YouTube as Historical Process
Authors: Emmitt Joshua 
Published: May 2022

OverviewYouTube is now a common public face for archaeology and history. Professionals and amateurs alike make videos, whether it be for monetary gain, outreach, or a combination of the two. The YouTube channel Ghost Town Living is no exception. It features the town's current owner, Brent Underwood, modifying the “abandoned” mining town of Cerro Gordo into a tourist destination. During this process, as is documented in his videos, it becomes clear that Underwood is not only conserving the town but also transforming it into an amalgam of California's mining history. In doing so and by presenting it on YouTube, Underwood is sharing the heritage of Cerro Gordo with the public. Although Underwood is not an archaeologist and is not pretending to be one, some of the methods employed are far from “best practice.” Despite this, I argue that perhaps the overall goals and processes of Underwood should be encouraged to some degree, and in this case, that they do more good than harm for the “preservation” of Cerro Gordo.
Unprecedented levels of ultrafine particles, major sources, and the hydrological cycle
Authors: Junkermann Wolfgang , Hacker Jorg 
Published: May 2022

AbstractUltrafine particles (UFP) acting as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) are the driving force behind changing rainfall patterns. Recently observed weather extremes like floods and drought might be due to changing anthropogenic UFP emissions. However, the sources and budgets of anthropogenic primary and secondary particles are not well known. Based on airborne measurements we identified as a major contribution modern fossil fuel flue gas cleaning techniques to cause a doubling of global primary UFP number emissions. The subsequent enhancement of CCN numbers has several side effects. It’s changing the size of the cloud droplets and delays raindrop formation, suppressing certain types of rainfall and increasing the residence time of water vapour in the atmosphere. This additional latent energy reservoir is directly available for invigoration of rainfall extremes. Additionally it’s a further contribution to the column density of water vapour as a greenhouse gas and important for the infrared radiation budget. The localized but ubiquitous fossil fuel related UFP emissions and their role in the hydrological cycle, may thus contribute to regional or continental climate trends, such as increasing drought and flooding, observed within recent decades.
Design and modelling of a new three winding coupled inductor based high step‐up DC–DC converter for renewable energy applications
Authors: Hashemzadeh Seyed Majid , Hosseini Seyed Hossein , Babaei Ebrahim , Sabahi Mehran 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a new three winding coupled inductor (TWCI) based DC–DC converter with high voltage gain capability. Continuous input current with low ripple, low number of components, simple structure, high efficiency, and common ground between input and output ports make it suitable for renewable energy applications such as photovoltaic (PV) systems. Voltage multiplier cells (VMCs) are utilized to enhance the output voltage and reduce the voltage stress across the power switch. The voltage gain can be adjusted by the duty cycle of the power switch and turns ratio of the TWCI. Thus, a flexible voltage gain is obtained, and there is no need for a higher duty cycle. On the other hand, the proposed converter has only one power switch with reduced voltage stress and low ON‐state resistance. Therefore, a low‐rated power switch can be used, which decreases the cost and volume of the presented converter. Operation principles, steady‐state analysis, and comparison with other similar structures are provided. To frequency behaviour investigation, modelling and dynamic analysis are presented. Additionally, the effect of the proposed converter's parameters on the frequency response is evaluated. Finally, experimental results are presented to prove the effectiveness of the suggested converter.
Adenom der ekkrinen Drüsen bei einer Katze
Authors: Lombardo Mara Sophie , Bärsch Christiane , Hewicker-Trautwein Marion , Puff Christina 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungTumoröse Entartungen der ekkrinen Drüsen sind bei Hunden und Katzen sehr selten beschrieben. In den meisten Fällen handelt es sich um maligne Neoplasien, während nur Einzelfälle von ekkrinen Adenomen bekannt sind. Im vorliegenden Fall handelte es sich um eine 1 Jahr alte, weiblich-kastrierte Katze, die mit einer Umfangsvermehrung am Ballen der rechten Vordergliedmaße vorgestellt wurde. Diese wies einen Durchmesser von ca. 2 cm auf, der innerhalb der folgenden 2 Monate auf 4 cm zunahm. Die Umfangsvermehrung war zu letzterem Zeitpunkt ulzeriert. Nach chirurgischer Exzision erfolgten eine histologische sowie eine immunhistochemische Untersuchung. Die Umfangsvermehrung stellte sich lichtmikroskopisch als gut abgegrenzte, noduläre Masse dar, die einerseits aus in Läppchen angeordneten Zellen, die tubuläre und azinäre Strukturen bildeten, bestand und andererseits großflächige, chondroide Metaplasien aufwies. Bei den erstgenannten Zellen handelte es sich um iso- bis hochprismatische Zellen mit großen, runden bis ovalen Zellkernen, die relativ prominente Nukleoli besaßen. Es wurde bis zu einer Mitose pro Gesichtsfeld in der 400-fachen Vergrößerung in dieser Population festgestellt. Die neoplastischen Zellen exprimierten Panzytokeratin AE1/AE3, wohingegen Thyroid Transcription Factor 1 (TTF1) nicht detektiert wurde. Aufgrund der histologischen und immunhistochemischen Befunde wurde die Diagnose eines Adenoms der ekkrinen Drüsen gestellt.
Differences in Clinical Aspects Between Subacute Thyroiditis Associated with COVID-19 Vaccines and Classical Subacute Thyroiditis
Authors: Topaloğlu Ömercan , Tekin Sakin , Topaloğlu Seda Nur , Bayraktaroglu Taner 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSubacute thyroiditis (SAT) developed after SARS-CoV-2 vaccines has been less studied. We aimed to compare classical SAT and SAT developed after SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in the context of clinical aspects. Adults with SAT detected in 90 days of COVID-19 vaccination (CoronaVac or Pfizer/BioNTech) were grouped as Vac-SAT. Those with a history of SARS-CoV-2 or upper respiratory tract infection in 6 months before the vaccination, or vaccination with another antiviral vaccine after COVID-19 vaccination were excluded. Those with SAT detected before COVID-19 pandemic were grouped as Classical-SAT. Of total (n=85), female/male (54/31) ratio and age [43 (23–65)] were similar in Vac-SAT (n=23) and Classical-SAT (n=62). Duration between vaccine and SAT was 45 (7–90) days, and similar in CoronaVac-SAT (n=5) and BioNTech-SAT (n=18). SAT-duration was 28 (10–150) days, and higher in Vac-SAT than in Classical-SAT (p=0.023). SAT was developed after the 1st dose vaccine in minority in CoronaVac-SAT (n=2) and BioNTech-SAT (n=3) (p=0.263). Previous LT4 use, and TSH elevation after resolution were more frequent in Vac-SAT than in Classical-SAT (p=0.027 and p=0.041). We included a considerable number of patients with SAT occurred after COVID-19 vaccines. We cannot provide clear evidence regarding the association of COVID-19 vaccines with SAT. SAT associated with CoronaVac or BioNTech seems unlikely to be occurred after the 1st dose, and to have a longer duration, more likely to be associated with previous LT4 use and lead TSH elevation after resolution than Classical-SAT. TSH should be followed-up after the resolution of SAT detected after COVID-19 vaccination.