bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of German auch and Italian anche
Authors: Cognola Federica , Moroni Manuela Caterina , Bidese Ermenegildo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this paper we carry out a systematic comparison between the German and Italian particles
auch and anche (meaning “also”) and provide a formal account of the data couched within
the cartographic approach to syntax (Cinque 1999; Rizzi 1997; Cinque & Rizzi 2010). Based on the
available literature and on novel data, we show that in both languages this particle exhibits three main functions: (i)
additive particle; (ii) connective adverb (residual in Italian) and (iii) modal particle – which correlate with a different
syntactic status of the particle (head or maximal projection) and with a different position within the clause. When used as an
additive particle, auch/anche lexicalize a head in the lower portion of the clause and function as focalizers
(in the sense of Kayne 1998, 2005). When
they are connective adverbs, they are maximal projections hosted in a functional projection dedicated to adverbs. Finally,
when used as a modal particle auch/anche are heads found in the higher portion of the IP layer. German
auch and Italian anche are however not identical, since when used as an additive
particle, German auch, but not Italian anche, is compatible with discontinuous constructions
in which a given XP in the scope of auch can be moved to Spec,CP leaving auch within the
clause. Moreover, German auch is compatible with a variety of illocutionary types in its use as a modal
particle, whereas anche can only be used in declarative clauses. We show that the former fact follows from
asymmetries in movement options between the two languages (topics move in German but not in Italian) and the latter results
from the nature of anche as a polarity item.
Modal particles in questions and wh-sensitivity
Authors: Modicom Pierre-Yves 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This study concentrates on the use of modal particles (MPs) in non-standard questions (such as rhetorical
questions or surprise-disapproval questions), both in German and in French. For French, the items considered here as MPs are
bien, diable and donc. Their behavior in non-standard questions is interpreted in the
light of Bayer & Obenauer’s (2011) proposal for German non-standard questions.
Special attention is devoted to the “Small PrtP construction” where the particle combines with a wh-item. I
discuss the hypothesis of a specific path of pragmaticalization for particles in non-standard wh-questions
that would involve focus-sensitivity. Starting from the MP-equivalent uses of French and German focus particles
seulement and nur, I turn to bien, donc and
diable, three particles that are not subject to focus-sensitivity. All three items have other uses
outside of interrogative contexts where they either interact preferably with items denoting sets of alternatives, or where
they are used to mark the high degree of a quality or the atypicality of an entity. From these usages, I derive the semantic
value associated with each particle in non-standard questions. The conclusion is that sensitivity to scales and sets of
alternatives is very likely to play a major role in the rise of illocution-modifying particles in
wh-questions.
PP-internal particles in Dutch as evidence for PP-internal discourse structure
Authors: Trotzke Andreas , Haegeman Liliane 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Drawing on evidence from Dutch, this paper presents the new observation that discourse particles can not
only appear at the level of CP, but also inside the PP domain. In particular, we demonstrate that Dutch dan
can receive a non-temporal interpretation, and in this reading dan can appear as a functional head inside a
complex PP constituent. After having established a detailed structural analysis of this phenomenon, we look beyond Dutch and
compare the discourse function that dan has inside the PP to the role that its German cognate
denn plays at the level of CP. We conclude that both cases can be analyzed along the same lines because
they express the same abstract discourse function: Both PP-internal dan and German denn are
discourse-navigating devices that link ‘a ground’ to ‘a figure’, only differing in their semantic domains of application.
Modelling of Kelvin probe surface voltage and photovoltage in dielectric-semiconductor interfaces
Authors: Bonilla Ruy Sebastian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The characterisation of dielectric-semiconductor interfaces via Kelvin probe surface voltage and photovoltage has become a widespread method of extracting the electrical properties influencing optoelectronic devices. Kelvin probe offers a versatile, contactless and vacuum-less technique able to provide useful insights into the electronic structure of semiconductor surfaces. Semiconductor theory has long been used to explain the observations from surface voltage measurements, often by making large assumptions about the characteristics of the system. In this work I report an updated theoretical treatment to model the results of Kelvin probe surface voltage and photovoltage measurements including four critical mechanisms: the concentration of charge stored in interface surface states, the charge stored in different locations of a surface dielectric thin film, the changes to effective lifetime and excess carrier density as a result of charge redistribution, and the non-uniformity of charge observed on most large scale thin film coatings used for passivation and optical improvement in optoelectronic devices. A full model is drawn and solved analytically to exemplify the role that these mechanisms have in surface voltage characterisation. The treatment in this work provides crucial understanding of the mechanisms that give rise to surface potential in semiconductors. As such this work will help the design and development of better optoelectronic devices.
Indium-gallium-zinc oxide Schottky diodes on softening substrates for rectifying bioelectronic circuits
Authors: Guerrero Edgar , Rocha-Flores Pedro Emanuel , Gutierrez-Heredia Gerardo , Cogan Stuart F , Voit Walter E , Maeng Jimin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Incorporating electronic components onto soft materials facilitates the development of compliant electronics suited for bioelectronic applications. In this work, we present indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (IGZO) Schottky diodes fabricated on a stimuli-responsive polymer that undergoes softening (i.e. orders-of-magnitude drop in modulus) upon exposure to physiological stimuli. These diodes rectify megahertz radio-frequency (RF) signals in half-wave rectification circuits across the softening of the polymer substrate and withstand mechanical and chemical stresses such as repeated folding up to 10 000 cycles and aging in a simulated physiological medium for up to two weeks. The effects of thermal annealing and ultraviolet-ozone treatment processes are evaluated using dynamic mechanical analysis and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques, showing that these processes lead to a large improvement in the interface properties of the platinum-IGZO Schottky contact while preserving the thermomechanical properties of the softening polymer substrate. The RF rectification capabilities of these diodes in softened and deformed states are particularly interesting for the next generation of soft wireless bioelectronics.
Numerical study on pressure drop characteristics for turbulent flow in conical spiral tubes
Authors: Saksena Dipak P , Lakhera Vikas J 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The study of pressure drop characteristics in a curved tube is important as it has extensive application in coiled tube heat exchangers, hydraulic and pneumatic systems. The literature review suggests that the pressure drop characteristics at the coil level as well as at local level for the curved tubes with varying curvature i. e. conical spiral tubes require further investigations. The objective of the present work is to investigate the flow resistance characteristics of turbulent fluid flow in conical spiral tubes with uniform wall temperature heating with the numerical simulation approach using ANSYS Fluent. The conical spiral tubes with different curvature and cone taper angle ranging from 10° to 60° were modelled and simulated for the Reynolds number range of 104 to 105. The CFD results reveal that the total pressure drop and the local cross-flow pressure loss coefficient increased with Reynolds number, cone taper angle and curvature ratio. The results also show that the friction factor and the cross-flow coefficient increased significantly in the tube at a cone taper angle of 60° due to an enhancement in the secondary flow and hence the pressure loss. For the given curvature radius and tube diameter of the conical spiral tube there exists an optimum Reynolds number at which the dimensionless cross-flow pressure coefficient has an optimum value. A correlation to predict the friction factor as a function of Reynolds number and cone taper angle is proposed for the turbulent flow in conical spiral tubes. For the usual practically applicable curvature ratio of less than 0.1 in curved tubes, the pressure drop prediction using the proposed correlation is found to be within ±10% of the numerical simulation results.
Use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and the risk for sudden cardiac arrest and for all-cause death in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Eroglu Talip E , Coronel Ruben , Zuurbier Coert J , Blom Marieke , de Boer Anthonius , Souverein Patrick C 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Aims
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) are antidiabetic agents that can have direct cardiac effects by impacting on cardiac ion transport mechanisms that control cardiac electrophysiology. We studied the association between SGLT-2i use and all-cause mortality and the risk of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods
Using data from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink, a cohort study among patients initiating a new antidiabetic drug class on or after January 2013 through September 2020 was conducted. A Cox regression with time-dependent covariates was performed to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) of SCA and all-cause mortality comparing SGLT-2is with other second- to third-line antidiabetic drugs. Stratified analyses were performed according to sex, diabetes duration (&lt;5 or ≥5 years), and the presence of cardiovascular disease.

Results
A total of 152 591 patients were included. Use of SGLT-2i was associated with a reduced HR of SCA when compared with other second- to third-line antidiabetic drugs after adjustment for common SCA risk factors, although this association marginally failed to reach statistical significance [HR: 0.62, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.38–1.01]. The HR of all-cause mortality associated with SGLT-2i use when compared with other second- to third-line antidiabetics was 0.43 (95% CI: 0.39–0.48) and did not vary by sex, diabetes duration, or the presence of cardiovascular disease. SGLT-2i use remained associated with lower all-cause mortality in patients without concomitant insulin use (HR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.50–0.63).

Conclusion
SGLT-2i use was associated with reduced all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. The association between use of SGLT-2i and reduced risk of SCA was not statistically significant.
The road to a transcatheter edge-to-edge repair: patient experiences leading up to the procedure and in the early recovery period
Authors: Adhami Nassim , Rozor Mihaela , Percy Celeste , Achtem Leslie , Johnston Sylvia , Nathoo Naureen , Pak Melissa , Polderman Jopie , Lauck Sandra B 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Aims
Mitral valve transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) is a minimally invasive treatment option for patients with severe symptomatic mitral regurgitation who are at increased risk for cardiac surgery and are receiving optimal medical therapy. Little is known about patients’ perspectives on their journey of care, including their experiences leading up to treatment and their early recovery period. The aim of this study was to explore patients’ experiences of their journey to TEER and their perspectives on early recovery.

Methods and results
We conducted a qualitative study using interpretive description. A purposive sample of 12 patients from a purposive sample, 3–6 monthspost-TEER procedure, were recruited from a tertiary hospital. The median age of the patients was 79 years, with seven males and five females. Data collection included semi-structured interviews over the phone. Data analysis followed an iterative process and utilized thematic analysis. There were four central themes highlighting the experiences of the patients leading up to their procedure: (i) escalating challenges with everyday life; (ii) plummeting losses; (iii) choosing and readiness to proceed with TEER; and (iv) the long and uncertain waiting time. The theme-improved health status highlights the experiences of patients in their early recovery.

Conclusion
Patients’ experiences of waiting for TEER are complex and involve multifaceted challenges related to their worsening cardiac symptoms and navigating the healthcare system. Therefore, care pathways must be put in place to provide continuity of care and support.
Performance of high-resolution impact and vibration sources for underground seismic exploration of clay formations at the scale of a rock laboratory
Authors: Wawerzinek Britta , Lüth Stefan , Esefelder Roman , Giese Rüdiger , Krawczyk Charlotte M 
Published: July 2022

SUMMARY
Low permeability, high retention capacity and self-sealing ability are advantageous characteristics that are attributed to argillaceous rocks. In contrast, other properties of clay, such as internal heterogeneities, strong attenuation and anisotropic behaviour, pose major challenges for underground exploration techniques. Although with regard to the underground storage of nuclear waste, the seismic exploration in the underground itself is of great importance to fill the gap between surface and borehole investigations. Furthermore, to prevent destruction of the host rock during exploration this demands low to non-invasive techniques. To approach these issues, a seismic survey was carried out in the Mont Terri Underground Rock Laboratory (Switzerland) using a gallery-based acquisition with an operating range up to several decametres. The seismic campaign included three-component borehole sensors and two different seismic source types (pneumatic impact and magnetostrictive vibroseis source). An executed source comparison analysed the characteristics of the different source types, for example frequency or amplitude behaviour of the generated wavefield, to assess their performance under similar conditions at the meso scale and to reveal their strengths and weaknesses in clay. Based on these findings, we performed traveltime and reflection analyses that demonstrate their potential to characterize clay formations and to map internal structures.
The highest seismic velocities are found in the carbonate-rich sandy facies (vPmax = 4000 m s−1, vSmax = 2050 m s−1), slower velocities are found in the sandy facies (vPmax = 3720 m s−1, vSmax = 1840 m s−1) and the slowest velocities are found in the shaly facies (vPmax = 3220 m s−1, vSmax = 1480 m s−1). The seismic velocity anisotropy is larger within the shaly facies (AvP = 23 per cent, AvS = 32 per cent) compared to the sandy facies (AvP = 9 per cent, AvS = 12 per cent) and it is more pronounced for S-waves than P-waves. Thus, non-invasive meso-scale seismic techniques are suited to characterize the Opalinus Clay in great detail.
An approach to enhance topic modeling by using paratext and nonnegative matrix factorizations
Authors: Flores-Garrido Marisol , García-Velázquez Luis Miguel , López-Vázquez Julieta Arisbe 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGiven the growing expansion in the development and use of computational methods in humanities research, it is necessary to propose methodologies that properly explore the questions posed by different disciplines, considering the locality of both data and the process behind its generation. In the present work, we explore the problem of automatically identifying the main topics in collections of Nahua discourses known as huehuetlahtollis. Each document in the collections is introduced through an extended title, and it is a natural question if enhancing the role of title terms during the unsupervised learning process could enrich results. Aiming at explainability, we consider a model based on nonnegative matrix factorizations (NMF). An overview of the historical process behind the composition of the explored corpora suggests that titles reflect the point of view of the collection’s compiler in manners that justify viewing the paratext as a supplementary source on the material. Therefore, we propose a bi-objective NMF scheme that appropriately reflects the a priori knowledge on the corpus, linking and combining the information of titles and content to improve the accuracy in identifying topic groups and relevant terms within a corpus. By comparing three different schemes against the labels assigned by an expert, we show that our model better reflects the nature of data, translating into higher accuracy. Finally, we present some insights on the studied corpora derived from our analysis of identified relevant terms.
The impact of galactic feedback on the shapes of dark matter haloes
Authors: Chua Kun Ting Eddie , Vogelsberger Mark , Pillepich Annalisa , Hernquist Lars 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
We quantify the impact of galaxy formation on dark matter halo shapes using cosmological simulations at redshift z = 0. Using magnetohydrodynamic simulations from the IllustrisTNG project, we focus on haloes of mass $10^{10\!-\!14} \, \rm M_{\odot }$ from the 50 Mpc (TNG50) and 100 Mpc (TNG100) boxes and compare them to dark matter-only (DMO) analogues and other simulations, e.g. Numerical Investigation of a Hundred Astrophysical Objects (NIHAO) and Evolution and Assembly of GaLaxies and their Environments (EAGLE). We further quantify the prediction uncertainty by varying the feedback models using smaller 25 ${\rm Mpc}\, h^{-1}$ boxes. We find that (i) galaxy formation results in rounder haloes compared to DMO simulations, in qualitative agreement with past results. Haloes of mass ${\approx }2\times 10^{12} \, \rm M_{\odot }$ are most spherical, with an average minor-to-major axial ratio of $\langle s \rangle$ ≈ 0.75 in the inner halo, an increase of 40 per cent compared to their DMO counterparts. No significant difference is present for low-mass $10^{10} \, \rm M_{\odot }$ haloes; (ii) stronger feedback, e.g. increasing galactic wind speed, reduces the impact of baryons; (iii) the inner halo shape correlates with the stellar mass fraction, explaining the dependence of halo shapes on feedback models; and (iv) the fiducial and weaker feedback models are most consistent with observational estimates of the Milky Way halo shape. At fixed halo mass, very diverse and possibly unrealistic feedback models all predict inner shapes closer to one another than to the DMO results. Because of the large halo-to-halo variation in halo shape, a larger observational sample is required to statistically distinguish different baryonic prescriptions.
Galaxy cluster aperture masses are more robust to baryonic effects than 3D halo masses
Authors: Debackere Stijn N B , Hoekstra Henk , Schaye Joop 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Systematic uncertainties in the mass measurement of galaxy clusters limit the cosmological constraining power of future surveys that will detect more than 105 clusters. Previously, we argued that aperture masses can be inferred more accurately and precisely than 3D masses without loss of cosmological constraining power. Here, we use the Baryons and Haloes of Massive Systems (BAHAMAS) cosmological, hydrodynamical simulations to show that aperture masses are also less sensitive to changes in mass caused by galaxy formation processes. For haloes with $m_\mathrm{200m,dmo} \gt 10^{14} \, h^{-1} \, \mathrm{M_\odot }$, binned by their 3D halo mass, baryonic physics affects aperture masses and 3D halo masses similarly when measured within apertures similar to the halo virial radius, reaching a maximum reduction of $\approx 3 \, \mathrm{per\, cent}$. For lower mass haloes, $10^{13.5} \lt m_\mathrm{200m,dmo} / h^{-1} \, \mathrm{M_\odot }\lt 10^{14}$, and aperture sizes $\sim 1 \, h^{-1} \, \mathrm{cMpc}$, representative of weak lensing observations, the aperture mass is consistently reduced less ($\lesssim 5 \, \mathrm{per\, cent}$) than the 3D halo mass ($\lesssim 10 \, \mathrm{per\, cent}$ for m200m). The halo mass reduction evolves only slightly, by up to 2 $\mathrm{per\, centage}$ points, between redshift 0.25 and 1 for both the aperture mass and m200m. Varying the simulated feedback strength so the mean simulated hot gas fraction covers the observed scatter inferred from X-ray observations, we find that the aperture mass is consistently less biased than the 3D halo mass, by up to $2 \,$$\mathrm{per\, centage}$ points at $m_\mathrm{200m,dmo} = 10^{14} \, h^{-1} \, \mathrm{M_\odot }$. Therefore, aperture mass calibrations provide a fruitful path to reduce the sensitivity of future cluster surveys to systematic uncertainties.
DSIF modulates RNA polymerase II occupancy according to template G + C content
Authors: Deng Ning , Zhang Yue , Ma Zhihai , Lin Richard , Cheng Tzu-Hao , Tang Hua , Snyder Michael P , Cohen Stanley N 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The DSIF complex comprising the Supt4h and Supt5h transcription elongation proteins clamps RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) onto DNA templates, facilitating polymerase processivity. Lowering DSIF components can differentially decrease expression of alleles containing nucleotide repeat expansions, suggesting that RNAPII transit through repeat expansions is dependent on DSIF functions. To globally identify sequence features that affect dependence of the polymerase on DSIF in human cells, we used ultra-deep ChIP-seq analysis and RNA-seq to investigate and quantify the genome-wide effects of Supt4h loss on template occupancy and transcript production. Our results indicate that RNAPII dependence on Supt4h varies according to G + C content. Effects of DSIF knockdown were prominent during transcription of sequences high in G + C but minimal for sequences low in G + C and were particularly evident for G + C-rich segments of long genes. Reanalysis of previously published ChIP-seq data obtained from mouse cells showed similar effects of template G + C composition on Supt5h actions. Our evidence that DSIF dependency varies globally in different template regions according to template sequence composition suggests that G + C content may have a role in the selectivity of Supt4h knockdown and Supt5h knockdown during transcription of gene alleles containing expansions of G + C-rich repeats.