bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Aeolian Activity in the Bodélé Depression, Chad: A Dense Spatiotemporal Time Series From Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 Data
Authors: Ali Eslam , Xu Wenbin , Xie Lei , Ding Xiaoli 
Published: January 2022

There are several hotspots of dust production in the central Sahara, the Bodélé Depression (BD) in northern Chad is considered the largest source of aerosol dust worldwide, with the fastest Barchan dunes that migrate southwesterly. Less is known about the complex patterns of dune movement in the BD, especially on a short time scale. Time-series inversion of optical image cross-correlation (TSI-OICC) proved to be a valuable method for monitoring historical movements with low uncertainties, high spatial coverage, and dense temporal coverage. We leveraged ∼8 years of Landsat-8 and ∼6 years of Sentinel-2 data to capture the dune migration patterns at BD. We used TSI-OICC, creating four independent networks of offset maps from Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 images, and forming three networks by fusing data from the two sensors. We depended on the multi spatial coherence estimated from Sentinel-1 interferograms to automatically discriminate between the active and stagnant regions, which is important for the postprocessing steps. We combined the data from the two sensors in areas of overlap to assess the performance of the fusion between two sensors in increasing the temporal scale of the observations. Our results suggest that dune migration at BD is subject to seasonal and multiyear variations that differed spatially across the dune field. Seasonal variations were observed with migration slowing during the summer months. We estimated the median for velocities belonging to the same season and calculated the seasonal sliding coefficient (SSC) representing the ratio between seasonal velocities. The median SSC reached a maximum value of ∼2 for winter/summer, while the ratios were ∼1.10 and ∼1.35 for winter/spring and winter/autumn, respectively. The seasonal variability of the temporal patterns was strongly supported by the wind observations. Between (1984–1998 and 1998–2007) and (1998–2007 and 2013–2021), decelerations in dune velocities were observed with percentages of ∼4 and ∼28%, respectively, and these decelerations were supported by a deceleration in wind velocities. Inversion of time series provides dense spatiotemporal monitoring of the dune activity. The fusion between two sensors allows condensing the temporal sampling up to a weekly scale especially for locations exposed to contamination of high cloud cover or dust.
m6A-mRNA Methylation Regulates Gene Expression and Programmable m6A Modification of Cellular RNAs With CRISPR-Cas13b in Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Gan Ying , Li Aolin , Liu Jun , Wang Xiaofei , Zhang Zhenan , Li Qinhan , Ye Xiongjun , Yao Lin , Zhang Qian 
Published: January 2022

Background: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most extensive messenger RNA modification. Despite recent advances in the biological roles of m6A, its role in the development and progression of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains unclear.Methods: In this study, we gained the transcriptome-wide m6A profile and gene expression pattern in RCC and paired adjacent peritumoral tissues by meRIP-seq and RNA-seq. m6A modifications of mRNAs were validated by meRIP-qPCR in tissues, and targeted methylation or demethylation was validated by using a CRISPR-Cas13b-based tool in RCC cell lines.Results: Our findings showed that there were 13,805 m6A peaks among 5,568 coding gene transcripts (mRNAs) in adjacent tissues and 24,730 m6A peaks among 6,866 mRNAs in tumor tissues. Furthermore, m6A modification sites were usually located in the coding sequences (CDS), and some near the start and stop codons. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that coding genes had differential N6-methyladenosine sites and were enriched in kidney development and cancer-related signaling pathways. We also found that different levels of m6A modifications could regulate gene expression.Conclusion: In summary, our results provided evidence for studying the potential function of RNA m6A modification and m6A-mediated gene expression regulation in human RCC.
Case Report: Four Cases of Cortical/Brainstem Encephalitis Positive for Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Immunoglobulin G
Authors: Wang Wan , Yin Juntao , Fan Zhiliang , Kang Juxian , Wei Jia , Yin Xiaoqian , Yin Shaohua 
Published: January 2022

AimDespite a significant improvement in the number of studies on myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-immunoglobulin G (IgG)-associated disorder (MOGAD) over the past few years, MOG-IgG-associated cortical/brainstem encephalitis remains a relatively uncommon and less-reported presentation among the MOGAD spectrum. This study aimed to report the clinical course, imaging features, and therapeutic response of MOG-IgG-associated cortical/brainstem encephalitis.MethodsData of four patients who suffered from cortical encephalitis with epileptic seizures and/or brainstem encephalitis during the course of the disease were retrospectively collected and analyzed.ResultsIn this study, three male patients and one female patient, with a median age of onset of 21 years (ranging 20–51 years) were enrolled. An epileptic seizure was the main symptom of cortical encephalitis in these patients, while the manifestations of brainstem encephalitis were diverse. Cranial MRI demonstrated abnormal signals in unilateral or bilateral cortical or brainstem. Cerebrospinal fluid studies showed normal or mildly elevated leukocyte counts and protein levels, and a cell-based assay detected positive MOG-IgG in the serum of all patients. Two patients were misdiagnosed at the first attack, and both experienced a relapse. All of them accepted the first-line immunotherapy after a confirmed diagnosis and had a good outcome.ConclusionEarly suspicion of MOG-IgG-associated encephalitis is necessary for any patient with sudden onset of seizures or symptoms of brainstem damage, especially with lesions on unilateral/bilateral cortical or brainstem on brain MRI.
Altered Neurovascular Coupling in Unilateral Pulsatile Tinnitus
Authors: Li Xiaoshuai , Xu Ning , Dai Chihang , Meng Xuxu , Qiu Xiaoyu , Ding Heyu , Zeng Rong , Lv Han , Zhao Pengfei , Yang Zhenghan , Gong Shusheng , Wang Zhenchang 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveAltered cerebral blood flow (CBF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) have been reported in pulsatile tinnitus (PT) patients. We aimed to explore regional neurovascular coupling changes in PT patients.Materials and MethodsTwenty-four right PT patients and 25 sex- and age-matched normal controls were included in this study. All subjects received arterial spin labeling imaging to measure CBF and functional MRI to compute ReHo. CBF/ReHo ratio was used to assess regional neurovascular coupling between the two groups. We also analyzed the correlation between CBF/ReHo ratio and clinical data from the PT patients.ResultsPT patients exhibited increased CBF/ReHo ratio in left middle temporal gyrus and right angular gyrus than normal controls, and no decreased CBF/ReHo ratio was found. CBF/ReHo ratio in the left middle temporal gyrus of PT patients was positively correlated with Tinnitus Handicap Inventory score (r = 0.433, p = 0.035).ConclusionThese findings indicated that patients with PT exhibit abnormal neurovascular coupling, which provides new information for understanding the neuropathological mechanisms underlying PT.
A Computed Tomography Nomogram for Assessing the Malignancy Risk of Focal Liver Lesions in Patients With Cirrhosis: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Wu Hongzhen , Wang Zihua , Liang Yingying , Tan Caihong , Wei Xinhua , Zhang Wanli , Yang Ruimeng , Mo Lei , Jiang Xinqing 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThe detection and characterization of focal liver lesions (FLLs) in patients with cirrhosis is challenging. Accurate information about FLLs is key to their management, which can range from conservative methods to surgical excision. We sought to develop a nomogram that incorporates clinical risk factors, blood indicators, and enhanced computed tomography (CT) imaging findings to predict the nature of FLLs in cirrhotic livers.MethodA total of 348 surgically confirmed FLLs were included. CT findings and clinical data were assessed. All factors with P &lt; 0.05 in univariate analysis were included in multivariate analysis. ROC analysis was performed, and a nomogram was constructed based on the multivariate logistic regression analysis results.ResultsThe FLLs were either benign (n = 79) or malignant (n = 269). Logistic regression evaluated independent factors that positively affected malignancy. AFP (OR = 10.547), arterial phase hyperenhancement (APHE) (OR = 740.876), washout (OR = 0.028), satellite lesions (OR = 15.164), ascites (OR = 156.241), and nodule-in-nodule architecture (OR =27.401) were independent predictors of malignancy. The combined predictors had excellent performance in differentiating benign and malignant lesions, with an AUC of 0.959, a sensitivity of 95.24%, and a specificity of 87.5% in the training cohort and AUC of 0.981, sensitivity of 94.74%, and specificity of 93.33% in the test cohort. The C-index was 96.80%, and calibration curves showed good agreement between the nomogram predictions and the actual data.ConclusionsThe nomogram showed excellent discrimination and calibration for malignancy risk prediction, and it may aid in making FLLs treatment decisions.
Construction and Validation of a Clinical Predictive Nomogram for Improving the Cancer Detection of Prostate Naive Biopsy Based on Chinese Multicenter Clinical Data
Authors: Tao Tao , Wang Changming , Liu Weiyong , Yuan Lei , Ge Qingyu , Zhang Lang , He Biming , Wang Lei , Wang Ling , Xiang Caiping , Wang Haifeng , Chen Shuqiu , Xiao Jun 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivesProstate biopsy is a common approach for the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) in patients with suspicious PCa. In order to increase the detection rate of prostate naive biopsy, we constructed two effective nomograms for predicting the diagnosis of PCa and clinically significant PCa (csPCa) prior to biopsy.Materials and MethodsThe data of 1,428 patients who underwent prostate biopsy in three Chinese medical centers from January 2018 to June 2021 were used to conduct this retrospective study. The KD cohort, which consisted of 701 patients, was used for model construction and internal validation; the DF cohort, which consisted of 385 patients, and the ZD cohort, which consisted of 342 patients, were used for external validation. Independent predictors were selected by univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis and adopted for establishing the predictive nomogram. The apparent performance of the model was evaluated via internal validation and geographically external validation. For assessing the clinical utility of our model, decision curve analysis was also performed.ResultsThe results of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) (P&lt;0.001, OR:2.102, 95%CI:1.687-2.620) and prostate imaging-reporting and data system (PI-RADS) grade (P&lt;0.001, OR:4.528, 95%CI:2.752-7.453) were independent predictors of PCa before biopsy. Therefore, a nomogram composed of PSAD and PI-RADS grade was constructed. Internal validation in the developed cohort showed that the nomogram had good discrimination (AUC=0.804), and the calibration curve indicated that the predicted incidence was consistent with the observed incidence of PCa; the brier score was 0.172. External validation was performed in the DF and ZD cohorts. The AUC values were 0.884 and 0.882, in the DF and ZD cohorts, respectively. Calibration curves elucidated greatly predicted the accuracy of PCa in the two validation cohorts; the brier scores were 0.129 in the DF cohort and 0.131 in the ZD cohort. Decision curve analysis showed that our model can add net benefits for patients. A separated predicted model for csPCa was also established and validated. The apparent performance of our nomogram for PCa was also assessed in three different PSA groups, and the results were as good as we expected.ConclusionsIn this study, we put forward two simple and convenient clinical predictive models comprised of PSAD and PI-RADS grade with excellent reproducibility and generalizability. They provide a novel calculator for the prediction of the diagnosis of an individual patient with suspicious PCa.
FORMATION OF SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS OF YOUTH: INTERRELATION OF CIVIL AND ETHNO-CULTURAL IDENTITIES (SOCIO-PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS)
Authors: Нанаева Б. Б. , Сулейманова Р. Р. 
Published: January 2022

В статье раскрывается сложный процесс становления современного гражданского общества в России, сопряженного с переходом страны от авторитарной организации политической жизнедеятельности к демократическому обществу, а также наметившиеся позитивные тенденции. Подчеркивается стратегическое значение формирования гражданского самосознания молодого поколения в реализации его творческого потенциала в интересах страны. На основе анализа ментальных характеристик одного из народов Северного Кавказа - чеченцев, показано, что в условиях современных социокультурных трансформаций гражданская идентичность проявляет себя в развитии политической культуры, правовом сознании, исторической памяти, патриотизме и осознании своей принадлежности к российскому сообществу народов. Учитывая включенность молодежи в общественную и культурную жизнь многонациональной страны, задача решается исходя из концепции, утвердившейся в современном обществоведении, о доминантной роли этнической идентичности, ценностей гуманизма и нравственности, составляющих ее основу.
The article reveals the complex process of formation of modern civil society in Russia, coupled with the transition of the country from the authoritarian organization of political life to a democratic society, as well as the emerging positive trends. The strategic importance of the formation of civic consciousness of the younger generation in the realization of its creative potential in the interests of the country is emphasized. Based on the analysis of the mental characteristics of one of the peoples of the North Caucasus - the Chechens, it is shown that in the conditions of modern socio-cultural transformations, civil identity manifests itself in the development of a politic culture, legal consciousness, historical memory, patriotism and awareness of its belonging to the Russian community of peoples. Taking into account the inclusion of models in the social and cultural life of a multinational country, the task is solved on the basis of the concept established in modern social science, about the dominant role of ethnic identity, the values of humanism and morality that form its basis.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN OPTIMAL METHODFOR CAPTURE OF AEROSOL SULFUR IN THE PROCESS OF DIRECT HYDROGEN SULFUR OXIDATION
Authors: Цамаева П. С. , Эльмурзаев А. А. , Колесник А. П. 
Published: January 2022

Процессы переработки сероводородсодержащих газов сопровождаются получением множества проблем. В данной статье проводится исследование процесса улавливания сероводорода из попутных нефтяных газов в присутствии растворителей. Процессы прямого окисления сероводорода на опытных образцах промышленных установок требуют создания эффективных процессов выделения серы и водорода из продуктов реакции. Полученные экспериментальные данные позволяют рассчитать соотношение растворимости элементарной и аэрозольной серы в органических растворителях. Результаты исследований показали, что органические растворители можно успешно использовать для создания технологии абсорбции аэрозольной серы, выявлен ряд положительных моментов применения органических растворителей, а также достичь степень улавливания до 95%.
The processes of processing hydrogen sulfide-containing gases are accompanied by many problems. This article investigates the process of capturing hydrogen sulfide from associated petroleum gases in the presence of solvents. The processes of direct oxidation of hydrogen sulfide on prototypes of industrial plants requires the creation of efficient processes for the separation of sulfur and hydrogen from the reaction products. The experimental data obtained make it possible to calculate the ratio of the solubility of elemental and aerosol sulfur in organic solvents. The research results have shown that organic solvents can be successfully used to create a technology for the absorption of aerosol sulfur, a number of positive aspects of the use of organic solvents have been identified, as well as to achieve a collection rate of up to 95%.
NANOTECHNOLOGIES AND NANOMATERIALS
Authors: Баснукаев И. Ш. , Исламов А. А. , Мусостова Д. Ш. 
Published: January 2022

На современном этапе развития науки и техники отдельной областью становится изучение нанотехнологий и наноматериалов. Частицы, имеющие размер от 1 до 100 нанометров, придают материалам новые свойства, позволяющие увеличить эффективность их применения практически во всех практических сферах. При помощи нанотехнологий создаются композиционные материалы на полимерной и металлической основах. Эти материалы имеют уникальные свойства, и их широкое применение приведет к технологической революции, которая изменит все жизненно важные области деятельности человека. В данной статье приводится общий обзор нанотехнологий и наноматериалов, рассматриваются перспективы их использования в современном мире.
At the present stage of the development of science and technology, the study of nanotechnology and nanomaterials is becoming a separate area. Particles ranging in size from 1 to 100 nanometers give materials new properties that allow increasing the efficiency of their application in almost all practical areas. Composite materials based on polymer and metal bases are created with the help of nanotechnology. These materials have unique properties, and their widespread use will lead to a technological revolution that will change all vital areas of human activity. This article provides a general overview of nanotechnology and nanomaterials, discusses the prospects for their use in the modern world
APPLICATION OF BIM TECHNOLOGIES IN THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE 1-st FLOOR HALL OF THE GSTOU BUILDING No. 2
Authors: Успанова А. С. , Алиев С. А. 
Published: January 2022

Современное проектирование невозможно представить без программных комплексов, призванных повысить эффективность строительного производства. Технологии ВIM в строительной отрасли привлекают все больше пользователей ввиду их универсальности, возможности адаптации к любым видам проектных работ в строительстве, больших возможностей интеграции с другими участниками проекта. ГГГНТУ им. акад. М. Д. Миллионщикова ведет активную работу по внедрению в учебный процесс программных продуктов Archicad, Autodesk 3ds Max, Revit для подготовки специалистов, обладающих навыками работы в данных программах. Применение современных ВIM не только в образовательном процессе, но и на практике дает возможность более тесного ознакомления инструментами данных программ. В данной статье рассмотрены возможности применения ВIM в ходе реконструкции холла первого этажа второго учебного корпуса Университета, позволившие выявить наиболее оптимальные методы проектирования в целях повышения качества производства работ.
Modern design cannot be imagined without modern application programs designed for the efficiency of construction production. BIM technologies in the construction industry are attracting more and more users due to their versatility, the ability to adapt to any type of design work in construction, and great opportunities for integration with other project participants.GSTOU them. acad. M. D. Millionshchikova is actively working on introducing Archicad, Autodesk 3ds Max, Revit software products into the educational process to train specialists with the skills to work in these programs. The use of modern VIM not only in the educational process, but also in practice makes it possible to better familiarize with the tools of these programs. This article discusses the possibilities of using BIM during the reconstruction of the hall of the first floor of the second academic building of the University, which made it possible to identify the most optimal design methods in order to improve the quality of work.
The investigation of low melt fl ow index polyetheretherketone crystallization kinetics in isothermal mode
Authors: Solovyev A. A. , Lyashenko E. Yu. , Komolov M. B. , Yakovleva K. A. 
Published: January 2022

The crystallization kinetics of low melt fl ow index polyetheretherketone has been investigated. The purpose of the work was obtaining the parameters of the crystallization kinetics, which allow infl uencing the properties of the products obtained during the processing of polyetheretherketone into thick-walled products.The considered material was PEEK-5G grade polyetheretherketone with low melt fl ow index. The study of the process was carried out by the method of diff erential scanning calorimetry in isothermal mode.The processing of experimental data was performed using Kolmogoff-Avrami equation, the activation energy of the process – using Kissinger one.The parameters of the process were calculated: the nucleation and growth rates of crystalline structures, the activation energy of the process. The temperature range for the crystallization of polyetheretherketone in the technological process of obtaining thickwalled products has been established.
High-resolution two-dimensional solid-state beam scanner module based on vertical-cavity-surface-emitting laser array
Authors: Li Ruixiao , Hu Shanting , Gu Xiaodong , Koyama Fumio 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We realized electrical 2D beam scanning with a field of view of 64° × 14° and resolution points number of >9000 (450 × 20) by fabricating a linear array of beam scanners integrated with an electro-thermally tunable surface-grating vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser and assisting with a cylindrical lens. It is expected to cover the field of view of 108° × 40° with resolution points number of >49 000 (780 × 64) by enlarging the full diffraction angle of the diffractive optical element and integrating more scanners in the array. The total module size could be managed in 1 cm scale thanks to the omission of external light sources and simply stacked optics.
Kajian Streetscape Koridor Jalan Pemuda Blora
Authors: WULANNINGRUM SINTIA DEWI 
Published: January 2022

Koridor di Jalan Pemuda Blora merupakan koridor utama di Kabupaten Blora, pada koridor Jalan Pemuda terdapat fungsi perdagangan dan jasa, fungsi perkantoran, hunian, pelayanan umum dan khusus, serta terdapat deretan bangunan-bangunan lama, peninggalan kolonial dan arsitektur Cina. Akan tetapi, bangunan peninggalan Belanda, serta arsitektur Cina yang tersisa dalam ruang koridor tersebut belum terintegrasi dengan penataan streetscape. Metode penelitian yang dipakai adalah kualitatif deskriptif, untuk mengidentifikasi koridor di Jalan Pemuda dan menganalisis streetscape koridor di Jalan Pemuda. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengidentifikasi streetscape Jalan Pemuda, serta untuk menganalisis kualitas fisik eksisting pada koridor Jalan Pemuda. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, menunjukkan bahwa eksisting streetscape di koridor Jalan Pemuda masih kurang layak seperti kurangnya tempat sampah, tidak adanya bangku, kurangnya guiding blok dan signages nama toko yang menutupi fasad.