bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutrition messaging by healthcare students - A mixed method study exploring social media usage and digital competence
Authors: Kaçar Hüsna Kaya , McCullough Fiona 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Covid-19 pandemic leads to a significant digital transformation on higher education and healthcare practices. This study aimed to investigate the level of digital competences, views and experience, social media usage and perceived barriers of digital commination for healthcare students, using a mixed method approach. One hundred and forty-three nursing and midwifery students from Amasya University (Turkey) and 54 dietetics students from European countries participated. The majority of nursing (43.5%) and midwifery (55.2%) students stated that “students should receive training at university about digital technologies in healthcare practice”. Instagram was the most frequently used social media communication channels to share healthcare/nutrition information. “Before/after posts” in social media to encourage weight loss were identified as low-quality posts by the students. Incorporating digital technologies and social media into healthcare/nutrition teaching and practice and establishing professional and ethical standards for digital nutrition communication is necessary.
Adversarial Robustness in Deep Neural Networks based on Variable Attributes Stochastic Ensemble Model
Authors: Qin Ruoxi , Wang Linyuan , Du Xuehui , Xie Pengfei , Chen Xingyuan , Yan Bin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Deep neural networks (DNN) have been shown to suffer from critical vulnerabilities under adversarial attacks. This phenomenon stimulated the creation of different attack and defense strategies similar to those adopted in cyberspace security. The dependence of such strategies on attack and defense mechanisms makes the associated algorithms on both sides appear as closely reciprocating processes, where the defense method are particularly passive in these processes. Inspired by the dynamic defense approach proposed in cyberspace to solve this endless arm race, this paper defines the model order, network structure and smoothing parameters as ensemble variable attributes and proposes a stochastic strategy to builds upon ensemble model through heterogeneous and redundancy models. The proposed method introduces the diversity and randomness characteristic to deep neural network to change the fixed correspondence gradient between input and output. The unpredictability and diversity of gradients makes it impossible for attackers to directly implement white-box attacks so as to handle the extreme transferability and vulnerability of ensemble models under white-box attacks. Experimental comparison ofASR-vs-distortion curveswith different attack scenarios shows that even the attacker with the highest attack capability cannot easily exceed the attack success rate associated with the ensemble smoothed model, especially under untargeted attacks.
A systematic review of multi-modal prehabilitation in breast cancer
Authors: Toohey Kellie , Hunter Maddison , McKinnon Karen , Casey Tamara , Turner Murray , Taylor Suzanne , Paterson Catherine 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
PurposeBreast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy in women. Prehabilitation may offer improvements in physical and psychological wellbeing among participants prior to treatment. This systematic review aimed to determine efficacy of prehabilitation in participants diagnosed with breast cancer. MethodsA systematic review was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Guidelines. Studies exploring the impact of prehabilitation in participants with breast cancer were included. Studies were assessed independently according to pre-eligibility criteria, with data extraction and methodological quality assessed in parallel. Results3184 records were identified according to search criteria, 14 articles were included. Articles comprised of quantitative randomised controlled trials (n=7), quantitative non-randomised studies (n=5), a qualitative study (n=1), and mixed method study (n=1). The majority of selected studies completed exercise programs (n=4) or had exercise components (n=2), with two focusing on upper-limb exercise. Two articles reported smoking cessation, with single studies reporting multi-modal prehabilitation (n=1), and complementary and alternative therapies (n=5). Mostly, prehabilitation improved outcomes including: physical function, quality of life, and psychosocial variables (P<0.05). The qualitative data identified preferences for multi-modal prehabilitation, compared to unimodal with interest in receiving support for longer. ConclusionsPrehabilitation for patients with breast cancer is an emerging research area that appears to improve outcomes, however ensuring adequate intervention timeframes, follow-up and population groups should be considered for future investigations. Implications for Cancer SurvivorsThe implementation of prehabilitation interventions for individuals diagnosed with breast cancer should be utilised by multidisciplinary teams to provide holistic care to patients as it has the potential to improve outcomes across the cancer care trajectory.
Fitness parameters in young football players are affected by training load and somatic-anthropometric variations
Authors: Schillaci Giacomo , Ivaldi Marco 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Purpose: Investigate fitness parameters, somatic-anthropometric parameters and training load variations in Italian elite soccer players during pre/mid and post-puberty. Methods: 36 Italian elite young soccer players (GIOVANISSIMI: 18; ALLIEVI: 18) participated in study. Their somatic-anthropometric and fitness parameters were assessed and training load (Session-RPE) was monitored during 119 days in the sporty season. Results: During the observational period meaningful variation in CMJ and 30-15IFT emerged in ALLIEVI and only in CMJ in GIOVANISSIMI. Meaningful correlations emerged between variations in CMJ and variations in numerous somatic-anthropometric parameters in ALLIEVI but only variations in ARM-GIRTH in GIOVANISSIMI. Meaningful correlations were found between variations in 30-15IFT and only variations in SUP-SKIN in ALLIEVI, training load during match in GIOVANISSIMI and ALLIEVI and training load during session training only in ALLIEVI. Conclusions: During puberty variation in fitness parameters are affected by variations in somatic-anthropometric parameters and training load parameters differently between GIOVANISSIMI and ALLIEVI. This study offers new interpretations about the effect of anthropometric and somatic parameters, as well as on training dose (volume, intensity and typology) on the variation of fitness parameters during puberty.
Anxiety and the associated factors among admitted surgical and medical patients, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Tesfaw Getachew , Siyoum Merga , Salelew Endalamaw , Minichil Woredaw 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Anxiety is a common comorbid mental health problem with different medical illnesses and it can complicate major medical health problems. Despite its impact of physical functioning, quality of life, drug adherence, use of health service resources, good health behaviors, and increasing suicidal tendencies and mortality, it is neither diagnosed nor treated. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the prevalence of anxiety and its determinants among admitted patients for the contribution of attempting optimal care for of these patients.
Method
An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among adult surgical and medical inpatients from May 13 to June 12, 2019. Systematic random sampling technique was used to recruit a total of 590 participants. Binary logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with anxiety symptoms. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to assess the strength of the association, and variables with p-value of < 0.05 was declared as statistically significant.
Result
The overall prevalence of anxiety was 62.7% with 95% CI (58.6, 66.9). In the multivariate analysis; female sex, being single, previous history of admission, and multiple medical diagnosis were factors significantly associated with anxiety symptoms.
Conclusion
In this study, the prevalence of anxiety among medical and surgical inpatients was found to be high. Therefore, it is better to screen any risks of anxiety, and psychological assessment tests are better to be integrated into routine hospital inpatient care to prevent anxiety.
Isolation and evaluation of brackish diatoms for the photobiological treatment of reverse osmosis concentrate
Authors: Ikehata Keisuke , Nakamura Noriaki , Kulkarni Harshad V. , Zhao Yuanyuan , Maleky Nima , Sato Shinya , Gao Han 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Recently, the use of brackish diatoms has been proposed to remove various inorganic constituents, such as dissolved silica, nutrients, calcium, and bicarbonate, to enhance the freshwater recovery in reverse osmosis (RO). In this study, nine strains of brackish diatoms isolated from water and sediment samples from several evaporation ponds in California and Arizona were examined for their ability to assimilate silica and remove other constituents from RO concentrate. In addition to two previously reported strains, namely Gedaniella flavovirens PEWL001 and Nitzschia communis PEWL002, several new isolates including Halamphora sydowii PEWL004, Nitzschia sp. PEWL008, and Halamphora sp. PEWL011 were found to remove more than 95% of silica, 95% of ammonia and orthophosphate, and more than 50% of calcium and carbonate within 6 days. Two additional G. flavovirens strains (Psetr3 and Psetr7) collected from a brackish lake in Aomori, Japan, also showed rapid dissolved silica uptake (32 mg L−1 day−1) comparable to the one isolated from an agricultural drainage water evaporation pond in the Central Valley, California. This study demonstrated that the brackish diatoms isolated from the evaporation ponds could be useful for the treatment of RO concentrate, which would possibly enable more sustainable desalination processes.
Quantitative analysis of the human intervention impacts on hydrological drought in the Zayande-Rud River Basin, Iran
Authors: Nasiri Nesar , Asghari Keyvan , Besalatpour Ali A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In a human-dominated world, access to sustainable water resources has led to complex management policies that affect hydrological droughts. Applying the best approach to assess the contribution of these human-made changes to hydrological droughts is still underexplored. In this study, the individual and joint impacts of dam and inter-basin water transfer projects are quantified for the characteristic changes of hydrological drought using a developed data-based framework and were tested in a semi-arid, data-scarce basin in central Iran. The proposed data-based framework combines the upstream–downstream comparison method and the individual–station–drought analysis. This framework could properly assess the individual and joint contributions of dam and water transfer projections to making aggravations or alleviations in hydrological drought. It identified the dam and joint impacts of the dam with water transfer by 66 and 55%, respectively, as the most effective human intervention to alleviate the duration of hydrological drought. The proposed framework gives the flexibility to form different comparative analyses by using different types of flow data to assess the impacts of human interventions. This framework is also applicable in other regions to quantify the contributions of point-based human interventions to hydrological droughts. The comprehensive knowledge of solutions to alleviate the adverse impacts of droughts can reduce the damage in water-stressed regions.
The extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from water samples with aromatic-dithiocarbamate modified magnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Ma Yurong , Niu Hongyun , Cai Yaqi , Luo Ting , Zhu Junya , Chen Meng , He Jun , Liu Zixuan , Gu Xiang , Yin Chang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Considering the urgent need for the analysis of trace-level pollutants in water samples, the pre-concentration of micropollutants in water samples has been the focus of extensive research. Among current pretreatment methods, the solid phase extraction (SPE) technique has received enormous attention because of its low cost, ease of operation and high efficiency. In this work, a new adsorbent (Fe3O4@Au@DTC NPs) was acquired through modification of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) with gold (Au) and dithiocarbamate (DTC). To investigate their application ability, the adsorbent were utilized as an SPE adsorbent to enrich polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water (PAHs, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo anthracene, benzo fluoranthene, benzo pyrene). The obtained Fe3O4@Au@DTC NPs were confirmed by transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and UV-Vis spectrum. Under optimal conditions, the calibration curves were obtained in the range of 10–500 ng L−1, while the limit of detection (LOD) ranged in 1.17–2.31 ng L−1. Furthermore, 50 mg of Fe3O4@Au@DTC NPs could extract trace PAHs from 500 mL real water samples into 1 mL eluent, and the spiked recoveries of five PAHs in river water and tap water reached 72–106% with relative standard deviations varying between 3.3–5.18%. Through the conversion of amines into DTC, we acquire desiring group modified Fe3O4 NPs, which showed great prospects in magnetic solid-phase extraction sphere and environmental field.
Analysis of The Long-Term Links Between the Money Supply and The Consumer Price Index of The Republic of Azerbaijan
Authors: Karimova U. Y. , Rustamova L. A. , Afandiyeva H. A. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose of the study.Monetary policy is one of the most effective tools of the state under the control of the central bank. It allows you to influence macroeconomic components, such as the amount of money supply, activity in the credit market and the exchange rate of the national currency. Such actions lead to an increase in the money supply and the speed of its turnover, ensuring the availability of loans. Economic growth is being stimulated, but there are also adverse consequences - inflation is accelerating. The central bank uses monetary policy more frequently to bring about the desired level of change in real economic activity. These changes significantly affect the stock market. Economic theory uses the relationship between the money supply and the consumer price index. An analysis of the impact of the money supply on the consumer price index is necessary to select the most reliable type of monetary policy in the economy, to ensure macroeconomic stability or to stimulate economic growth. The money supply not only denotes and shows the level of money in various types and forms, but is also an important indicator on which price increases, inflation, credit policy, etc. depend. The dynamics of the money supply determines the dynamics of prices. The accumulation of excess money supply in the country’s economy leads to the depreciation of the national currency. The purpose of the study is to analyze the long-term relationship between the money supply and the consumer price index of the Republic of Azerbaijan.Materials and methods.In the article to analyze the long-term links between monetary aggregates M1, M2 and the consumer price index of the Republic of Azerbaijan based on quarterly data for 2005-2018, a long-term equilibrium state model and a short-term error correction model were designed. With the help of cointegration analysis and a vector model, the long-term and short-term aspects of the links between the growth of the money supply and the increase in the price level are investigated. For the regression analysis of these models, the EViews 8 application package was used.Results. Using the various methods showed that the dynamics of M1 and M2 monetary aggregates determine the growth of the consumer price index in Azerbaijan both in the long-term and in the short-term periods.Conclusion.The analysis allows us correctly approaching the problem of modelling the inflation level and to obtain a statistically acceptable and stable model with good predictive characteristics. The fact that there is a connection in the opposite direction has been confirmed. The use of various complementary methods showed that the dynamics of monetary aggregates M1 and M2 determines the growth of the consumer price index in Azerbaijan both in the long and short term.
Low Back Pain Among Students of Medical University of Tunis
Authors: Boussaid Soumaya , Daldoul Cyrine , Rekik Sonia , Jammali Samia , Cheour Elhem , Sahli Hela , Elleuch Mohamed 
Published: August 2022

Objective:
Low Back Pain (LBP) is the most common musculoskeletal disorder among working adults. It is one of the most prevalent complaints among students. Medical students are among those who are most exposed to this condition; due to stress, numerous hours of studying, and the sedentary lifestyle. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of LBP among the students of Tunis Faculty of Medicine and to assess its impact on student life.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was carried out on the Tunis Faculty of Medicine students. Data were collected through an online self-administered questionnaire. Sociodemographic, person-al, and lifestyle characteristics were collected. LBP was assessed using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Health Questionnaire and Its impact using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI).

Results:
One hundred and forty-eight students were included. The mean age was 22.9 ± 2.3 years (19.64-38.21). The sex ratio was 0.29. According to the Nordic questionnaire, the point, annual and lifetime prevalence of LBP were 37.8%, 80.4%, and 90.5%, respectively. The mean ODI score was 10.32 ± 8.48 % (0-32). The ODI score was minimal in 87.3% and moderated in 12.7% of cases. The associated factors with LBP were: young age (p = 0.015), spending more than 4 hours in a sitting position (p = 0.059), second cycle of medical studies (p = 0.006), low screen projection in the am-phitheater (p = 0.029) and poor layout of the amphitheatres (p = 0.000). The feeling of depression was significantly higher among LBP students (p = 0.018). In the multivariate analysis, the factors that remained statistically significant were the second cycle of medical studies (OR= 3.41), feeling of depression (OR = 3.7), and the belief in the responsibility for the poor layout of the amphithea-ters in the genesis or maintenance of LBP (OR = 7.66).

Conclusion:
LBP in medical students is multifactorial across both personal and college-life domains.
Gut-Brain Axis and Neurological Disorders-How Microbiomes Affect our
Mental Health
Authors: Bhatia Nirav Yogesh , Jalgaonkar Manjiri Prabhakar , Hargude Anuja Balu , Sherje Atul P. , Oza Manisha Jignesh , Doshi Gaurav Mahesh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
The gut microbiota is an essential part of the gastrointestinal tract and recent research, including
clinical and preclinical studies, shed light on the interaction between the gut and the brain. A
rising amount of evidence strongly proves the involvement of gut microbes in brain function and their
contribution in altering behavior, mood, and ultimately in the pathogenesis of certain neurological
conditions. The gut microbiota produces and modulates neurotransmitters such as GABA, serotonin,
dopamine, glutamate, etc. Furthermore, there is a presence of a biological link between the microbiota,
immune signaling, and CNS suggesting that microbial metabolites could regulate both neurological
and immunological activities in the brain. Thus, this review focuses on the bidirectional communication
between the gut and brain, its impact and role in the modulation of various neurological disorders,
such as schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, etc., and attempts to explore the underlying mechanism for
the same. The article also discusses studies involving germ-free mice, studies on the effects of faeces
transfer of microbiota, and research involving gut microbiota composition in animal models. The effects
of probiotics and prebiotics on neurological disorders are also discussed, along with the clinical
studies for each of them. In a nutshell, extensive studies are required to explore this bidirectional
communication between the gut and brain, which might help researchers develop new therapeutic targets
in treating neurological disorders and increase our understanding of the gut-brain axis.
Transbuccal vs. Intraoral Approach using an Angulated Screwdriver in Fixation of a Mandibular Angle Fracture
Authors: Elsayed Shadia Abdel-Hameed , Reda Hanan Mohamed , Awadd Maiada Mohammed , Mourad Samah Ibrahim , Shokeir Hanan MR , Elsayed Emad Hussein , Al-Moraissi Essam A 
Published: August 2022

Objectives:
This study aimed to evaluate surgical stability and cosmetic outcomes in patients with mandibular angle fractures (MAFs) using an angled screwdriver (ASD) versus transbuccal trocar (TBT) for single locking plate fixation.

Methods:
A prospective cohort clinical study was done on 44 male patients (88%) and 6 (12% females patients with MAFs, categorized into 2 groups. Group A patients were treated with strictly intraoral vestibular incision using an angulated screwdriver; group B was treated with TBT. Both groups placed a single locking 2.0 mm mini-plates at the inferior border. The main outcome variables were the perioperative complication rate.

Results:
There were no statistical differences between both groups regarding postoperative wound dehiscence, screw or/and plate looseness, infection rate, and inferior dental nerve injury. The study (ASD) approach took 28.10±3.3minutes, while the TBT approach took 37.40±1.75minutes, indicating a highly significant difference in operating time (P=0.001). Post-operative edema had decreased significantly in the ASD group.

Conclusion:
According to the present results, a strictly intraoral approach for ASD enabled stable fixation of MAFs using a single mini-locking plate. This can significantly reduce operation time and postoperative edema and prevent extraoral scarring.