bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ProbResist: a database for drug-resistant probiotic bacteria
Authors: Dou Wanying , Abdalla Hemn Barzan , Chen Xu , Sun Changyi , Chen Xuefei , Tian Qiwen , Wang Junyi , Zhou Wei , Chi Wei , Zhou Xuan , Ye Hailv , Bi Chuyun , Tian Xuechen , Yang Yixin , Wong Aloysius 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Drug resistance remains a global threat, and the rising trend of consuming probiotic-containing foods, many of which harbor antibiotic resistant determinants, has raised serious health concerns. Currently, the lack of accessibility to location-, drug- and species-specific information of drug-resistant probiotics has hampered efforts to combat the global spread of drug resistance. Here, we describe the development of ProbResist, which is a manually curated online database that catalogs reports of probiotic bacteria that have been experimentally proven to be resistant to antibiotics. ProbResist allows users to search for information of drug resistance in probiotics by querying with the names of the bacteria, antibiotic or location. Retrieved results are presented in a downloadable table format containing the names of the antibiotic, probiotic species, resistant determinants, region where the study was conducted and digital article identifiers (PubMed Identifier and Digital Object Identifier) hyperlinked to the original sources. The webserver also presents a simple analysis of information stored in the database. Given the increasing reports of drug-resistant probiotics, an exclusive database is necessary to catalog them in one platform. It will enable medical practitioners and experts involved in policy making to access this information quickly and conveniently, thus contributing toward the broader goal of combating drug resistance.

Database URL
https://probresist.com.
A regression discontinuity analysis of the social distancing recommendations for older adults in Sweden during COVID-19
Authors: Bonander Carl , Stranges Debora , Gustavsson Johanna , Almgren Matilda , Inghammar Malin , Moghaddassi Mahnaz , Nilsson Anton , Capdevila Pujol Joan , Steves Claire , Franks Paul W , Gomez Maria F , Fall Tove , Björk Jonas ,   COVID Symptom Study Sweden, Chan Andrew T , Ourselin Sébastien , Spector Tim D , Wolf Jonathan , Kennedy Beatrice , Fitipaldi Hugo , Hammar Ulf , Maziarz Marlena , Tsereteli Neli , Oskolkov Nikolay , Varotsis Georgios , Spiliopoulos Lampros 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
This article investigates the impact of a non-mandatory and age-specific social distancing recommendation on isolation behaviours and disease outcomes in Sweden during the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic (March to July 2020). The policy stated that people aged 70 years or older should avoid crowded places and contact with people outside the household.

Methods
We used a regression discontinuity design—in combination with self-reported isolation data from COVID Symptom Study Sweden (n = 96 053; age range: 39–79 years) and national register data (age range: 39–100+ years) on severe COVID-19 disease (hospitalization or death, n = 21 804) and confirmed cases (n = 48 984)—to estimate the effects of the policy.

Results
Our primary analyses showed a sharp drop in the weekly number of visits to crowded places (−13%) and severe COVID-19 cases (−16%) at the 70-year threshold. These results imply that the age-specific recommendations prevented approximately 1800–2700 severe COVID-19 cases, depending on model specification.

Conclusions
It seems that the non-mandatory, age-specific recommendations helped control COVID-19 disease during the first wave of the pandemic in Sweden, as opposed to not implementing a social distancing policy aimed at older adults. Our study provides empirical data on how populations may react to non-mandatory, age-specific social distancing policies in the face of a novel virus.
Cognitive Impairment and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Take-Up Among the Eligible Older Americans
Authors: Zuo Dongmei , Heflin Colleen M 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) among eligible adults aged 60 and older is much lower than among the younger population, and rates continue to decline throughout the life course while at the same time the risk of cognitive impairment increases. Due to the high administrative burden associated with SNAP application processes, cognitive impairment may be associated with low uptake of SNAP among the low-income older adult population, particularly among more socially disadvantaged groups (females, Blacks, and those living alone). We provide new evidence that changes in cognitive functioning are associated with reductions in the probability of SNAP take-up among eligible older adults.

Methods
Using panel data from the Health and Retirement Study, we estimate linear probability fixed-effects models to assess the effect of cognitive decline on the likelihood of SNAP participation among eligible adults aged 60 and older, controlling for observed characteristics that change over time as well as individual, time, and state fixed effects.

Results
Reduced levels of cognitive functioning that rise to the classification of dementia were strongly associated with reductions in the probability of SNAP take-up among eligible older adults. Results were particularly salient for females and those living alone.

Discussion
One barrier to SNAP take-up among older adults may be cognitive impairment with the size of effect differing by gender and living arrangement. Policymakers may want to consider initiatives to increase SNAP participation among older adults, including a focus on further simplification of eligibility and recertification processes that reduce administrative burden.
Infective endocarditis in pregnant women without intravenous drug use: a multicentre retrospective case series
Authors: Escolà-Vergé Laura , Rello Pau , Declerck Charles , Dubée Vincent , Rouleau Fréderic , Duval Xavier , Habib Gilbert , Lavie-Badie Yoan , Martin-Blondel Guillaume , Porte Lydie , Bouiller Kevin , Goehringer François , Selton-Suty Christine , Lamas Cristiane da Cruz , Nacinovich Francisco , Issa Nahema , Richaud Clémence , Hammoudi Nadjib , Barranco Francisco José , Almirante Benito , Tattevin Pierre , Fernández-Hidalgo Nuria 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To describe the clinical features and outcomes of infective endocarditis (IE) in pregnant women who do not inject drugs.

Methods
A multinational retrospective study was performed at 14 hospitals. All definite IE episodes between January 2000 and April 2021 were included. The main outcomes were maternal mortality and pregnancy-related complications.

Results
Twenty-five episodes of IE were included. Median age at IE diagnosis was 33.2 years (IQR 28.3–36.6) and median gestational age was 30 weeks (IQR 16–32). Thirteen (52%) patients had no previously known heart disease. Sixteen (64%) were native IE, 7 (28%) prosthetic and 2 (8%) cardiac implantable electronic device IE. The most common aetiologies were streptococci (n = 10, 40%), staphylococci (n = 5, 20%), HACEK group (n = 3, 12%) and Enterococcus faecalis (n = 3, 12%). Twenty (80%) patients presented at least one IE complication; the most common were heart failure (n = 13, 52%) and symptomatic embolism other than stroke (n = 4, 16%). Twenty-one (84%) patients had surgery indication and surgery was performed when indicated in 19 (90%). There was one maternal death and 16 (64%) patients presented pregnancy-related complications (11 patients ≥1 complication): 3 pregnancy losses, 9 urgent Caesarean sections, 2 emergency Caesarean sections, 1 fetal death, and 11 preterm births. Two patients presented a relapse during a median follow-up of 3.1 years (IQR 0.6–7.4).

Conclusions
Strict medical surveillance of pregnant women with IE is required and must involve a multidisciplinary team including obstetricians and neonatologists. Furthermore, the potential risk of IE during pregnancy should never be underestimated in women with previously known underlying heart disease.
Preliminary Reference Interval for 5-Alpha Reductase in Normal Male Children and Its Association with Hypospadias
Authors: Khanna Sanat , Raman Shankar , Badwal Sonia , Vinu Balraam K V 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
5-alpha reductase (5-AR) enzyme is responsible for conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in humans, which subserves various functions. The aim of the study was to establish a normal reference interval (RI) for blood levels of the enzyme 5-AR.

Methods
We conducted a prospective study on 150 boys, 75 of whom underwent circumcision for various benign conditions or for religious reasons (Group A/controls) and 75 suffering from hypospadias of variable severity (Group B/cases). The plasma levels of 5-AR were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in all 150 boys and correlated with the severity of hypospadias.

Results
The 5-AR levels in Group A ranged from 14.6 to 17.3 ng/mL. The enzyme levels decreased in value with increasing severity of hypospadias in Group B (P-value &lt;0.01 - statistically significant). The levels of the enzyme in this group ranged from 0.6 ng/mL (in the most severe variety of hypospadias) to 11.5 ng/mL (mild variety of hypospadias).

Conclusions
There is no record of RI values of 5-AR in the literature. The RI of 5-AR needs to be determined by conducting more studies globally. Its levels falls considerably with clinical severity of hypospadias, reinforcing the importance of the enzyme in the development of male external genitalia.
Reflections on Indirect (Co-)Perpetration through an Organization
Authors: Orozco López Hernán Darío , Silva Santaularia Natalia 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article deals with the question of the attribution of criminal responsibility to leaders of large criminal organizations for crimes which were committed by their subordinates in compliance with their orders. It presents a critical assessment of Roxin’s theory of indirect perpetration through an organized apparatus of power, as well as of the International Criminal Court’s theory of indirect co-perpetration through an organized structure of power. Both theories have serious shortcomings and, in addition, fail to conceptually capture the greater responsibility of the leaders of the organization vis-à-vis the executors. Thus, this article presents an outline of a typological system of the influence over the crime, which constitutes an alternative system of criminal participation and offers a better solution to the problem of criminal responsibility of the members of an organized apparatus of power.
Genetic modification of PIN genes induces causal mechanisms of stay-green drought adaptation phenotype
Authors: Borrell Andrew K , Wong Albert C S , George-Jaeggli Barbara , van Oosterom Erik J , Mace Emma S , Godwin Ian D , Liu Guoquan , Mullet John E , Klein Patricia E , Hammer Graeme L , McLean Greg , Hunt Colleen , Jordan David R 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The stay-green trait is recognized as a key drought adaptation mechanism in cereals worldwide. Stay-green sorghum plants exhibit delayed senescence of leaves and stems, leading to prolonged growth, a reduced risk of lodging, and higher grain yield under end-of-season drought stress. More than 45 quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with stay-green have been identified, including two major QTL (Stg1 and Stg2). However, the contributing genes that regulate functional stay-green are not known. Here we show that the PIN FORMED family of auxin efflux carrier genes induce some of the causal mechanisms driving the stay-green phenotype in sorghum, with SbPIN4 and SbPIN2 located in Stg1 and Stg2, respectively. We found that nine of 11 sorghum PIN genes aligned with known stay-green QTL. In transgenic studies, we demonstrated that PIN genes located within the Stg1 (SbPIN4), Stg2 (SbPIN2), and Stg3b (SbPIN1) QTL regions acted pleiotropically to modulate canopy development, root architecture, and panicle growth in sorghum, with SbPIN1, SbPIN2, and SbPIN4 differentially expressed in various organs relative to the non-stay-green control. The emergent consequence of such modifications in canopy and root architecture is a stay-green phenotype. Crop simulation modelling shows that the SbPIN2 phenotype can increase grain yield under drought.
Add-on effectiveness of methotrexate or iguratimod in patients with rheumatoid arthritis exhibiting an inadequate response to Janus kinase inhibitors: The ANSWER cohort study
Authors: Ebina Kosuke , Hirano Toru , Maeda Yuichi , Okita Yasutaka , Etani Yuki , Hirao Makoto , Yamamoto Wataru , Hashimoto Motomu , Murata Koichi , Onishi Akira , Jinno Sadao , Hara Ryota , Son Yonsu , Amuro Hideki , Kotani Takuya , Shiba Hideyuki , Katayama Masaki , Yamamoto Keiichi , Kumanogoh Atsushi , Okada Seiji , Nakata Ken 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives
This multicenter, retrospective study evaluated the effectiveness of add-on methotrexate (MTX) or iguratimod (IGU) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis exhibiting an inadequate response to Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis).

Methods
Forty-five patients were treated with new additional MTX (n = 22) or IGU (n = 23) and followed for 6 months. Patients’ background is as follows: age, 59.2 years; disease activity score of 28 joints with C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP), 3.4; clinical disease activity index, 15.7; biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD)-switched cases, 77.8%; first JAKi cases, 95.6%; and JAKi treatment: tofacitinib (n = 25), baricitinib (n = 17), upadacitinib (n = 2), and peficitinib (n = 1) for 9.6 months.

Results
Thirty-five patients continued the combination therapy for 6 months without a significant change in concomitant glucocorticoid or other conventional synthetic DMARDs. DAS28-CRP (MTX, 3.6 to 2.6, p &lt; 0.05; IGU, 3.3 to 2.1, p &lt; 0.001) and clinical disease activity index (MTX, 16.7 to 8.8, p &lt; 0.05; IGU, 14.6 to 6.5, p &lt; 0.01) improved significantly from baseline. Using the 2019 European League Against Rheumatism criteria, 45.4% (MTX) and 39.1% (IGU) achieved moderate or good response and 40.9% (MTX) and 39.1% (IGU) achieved American College of Rheumatology 20% improvement criteria.

Conclusions
Adding MTX or IGU to inadequate responders of JAKi can be considered as a complementary treatment.
The serum immunoglobulin G titres against Porphyromonas gingivalis as a predictor of clinical response to 1-year treatment with biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis patients: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kobayashi Tetsuo , Ito Satoshi , Murasawa Akira , Ishikawa Hajime , Tabeta Koichi 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives
The aim is to evaluate the relevance of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) titres against periodontopathic bacteria to predict the clinical response to 1-year treatment with biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.

Methods
Data were collected from 50 RA patients who had received conventional synthetic DMARDs, corticosteroids, or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs before (baseline) and after 1-year treatment with bDMARDs in a retrospective cohort study. Changes in rheumatologic conditions were compared between the two groups for low and high baseline IgG titres against Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans according to their median measurements.

Results
Twenty-five patients with low anti-P. gingivalis IgG titres showed significantly greater decreases in changes in the Clinical Disease Activity Index and swollen joint count than 25 patients with high anti-P. gingivalis IgG titres (p = .04 for both). Bivariate and multivariate analyses revealed a significantly positive association of baseline anti-P. gingivalis IgG titres with Clinical Disease Activity Index changes (p = .02 and p = .002). However, post-treatment rheumatologic conditions were comparable between 25 patients each in the low and high baseline anti-A. actinomycetemcomitans IgG titre groups.

Conclusions
Baseline serum anti-P. gingivalis IgG titres are predictive of the clinical response to 1-year treatment with bDMARDs in RA patients.
Saving Brown Women from Brown Men? “Refugee Women”, Gender and the Racialised Politics of Protection
Authors: Crawley Heaven 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
White feminist scholarship in the Global North has drawn attention to the challenges facing women seeking protection under international refugee law (IRL). Whilst these efforts have improved outcomes for some women, they have largely failed to reconfigure the ways in which gendered experiences of persecution are conceptualised and represented. Drawing on postcolonial feminist scholarship, this article suggests that white feminist scholars have been largely complicit in a script that essentialises the experiences of women originating from the Global South. Where gender is taken into account, women from the Global South are typically understood and represented through a neo-imperial frame as disempowered, helpless “victims”, or as “Exotic Others” who need to be rescued from their “backward” cultures. The framing of “Refugee Women” as a homogenous and undifferentiated category ignores the complex intersections of race and gender shaping both women’s experiences and the racialised politics of protection. Moreover, because white feminist approaches have a colonial “blind spot”, they ignore the ways in which the international refugee regime is deeply entangled with the history of colonialism. In so doing, they replicate and reinforce racialised representations of Black and Muslim men as perpetrators of violence against women.
Effects of DNA template preparation on variability in cell-free protein production
Authors: Romantseva Eugenia , Alperovich Nina , Ross David , Lund Steven P , Strychalski Elizabeth A 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
DNA templates for protein production remain an unexplored source of variability in the performance of cell-free expression (CFE) systems. To characterize this variability, we investigated the effects of two common DNA extraction methodologies, a postprocessing step and manual versus automated preparation on protein production using CFE. We assess the concentration of the DNA template, the quality of the DNA template in terms of physical damage and the quality of the DNA solution in terms of purity resulting from eight DNA preparation workflows. We measure the variance in protein titer and rate of protein production in CFE reactions associated with the biological replicate of the DNA template, the technical replicate DNA solution prepared with the same workflow and the measurement replicate of nominally identical CFE reactions. We offer practical guidance for preparing and characterizing DNA templates to achieve acceptable variability in CFE performance.
La sécurité sur les marchés financiers de l’espace OHADA
Authors: Mouhouain Salifou 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The growth of the Member States of OHADA would be difficult if security was not a guiding principle in their financial markets. And so, the CEMAC and UEMOA authorities have taken measures to prevent and address the risks of financial market transactions, namely abuse and default. Thus, on the preventive side, controls are instituted to prevent abuses as well as a guarantee of the default. On the curative side, proceedings and indemnities are provided in case of abuse and, outcome of position and compensation for the victims to provide a guarantee against default.
OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY FINDINGS IN CHOROIDAL MELANOMA-ASSOCIATED SUBRETINAL FLUID
Authors: Guner Melis Kabaalioglu , Ferenchak Kevin , Olsen Timothy W. , Dalvin Lauren A. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
To report optical coherence tomography findings of choroidal melanoma with subretinal fluid (SRF).

Methods:
Single-center, retrospective review of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in treatment-naive choroidal melanoma with associated SRF presenting between July 2009 and August 2021.

Results:
Of 236 included patients, choroidal melanoma was small (n = 98, 41.5%), medium (n = 99, 41.9%), or large (n = 39, 16.5%). The most common optical coherence tomography feature was ellipsoid zone loss/disruption (n = 174, 73.7%), with unique features of bacillary layer detachment (n = 67, 28.4%), and heterogenous (n = 72, 30.5%) or homogenous (n = 48, 20.3%) subretinal hyperreflective material. Comparison (small vs. medium vs. large) revealed greater SRF extent with increasing tumor size (SRF ≥2 quadrants: 6.1% vs. 27.2% vs. 67.7%, P < 0.001). Ellipsoid zone disruption was less common in small tumors (52.0% vs. 86.9% vs. 94.9%, P < 0.001). Bacillary layer detachment was more common in medium tumors (16.3% vs. 40.4% vs. 28.2%, P < 0.001) and, compared with eyes without bacillary layer detachment, was associated with more SRF (minimal SRF vs. SRF ≥1 quadrant: likelihood ratio 18.8, P < 0.001) and more frequent heterogenous subretinal hyperreflective material (58.2% vs. 19.5%, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Optical coherence tomography features of choroidal melanoma–associated SRF vary by tumor size, with greater SRF extent in larger tumors, less ellipsoid zone disruption in small tumors, and more bacillary layer detachment in medium tumors.
REPRODUCTIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY
Authors: Park Jong G. , Xu Christine L. , Boyd Allison , Aghajanova Lusine , Mahajan Vinit B. , Wood Edward H. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
To propose a working framework for patients with inherited eye diseases presenting to ophthalmologists who are interested in assisted reproductive technology and preimplantation genetic testing.

Methods:
Retrospective chart review and case series of three families with inherited eye diseases who successfully underwent preimplantation genetic testing, in vitro fertilization, and birth of unaffected children.

Results:
Preimplantation genetic testing was performed for three families with different inherited eye diseases, which included autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa, autosomal recessive achromatopsia, and X-linked Goltz syndrome. Preimplantation genetic testing led to the identification of unaffected embryos, which were then selected for in vitro fertilization and resulted in the birth of unaffected children.

Conclusion:
A close collaboration between patients, families, ophthalmologists, reproductive genetic counselors, and reproductive endocrinology and infertility specialists is the ideal model for taking care of patients interested in preimplantation genetic testing for preventing the transmission of inherited eye diseases.