bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The metacognitive model of rumination and depression in postpartum women
Authors: Petrošanec Maja , Brekalo Maja , Nakić Radoš Sandra 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe metacognitive model of rumination and depression (Papageorgiou & Wells, 2003, Cognitive Therapy and Research, 27, 261) postulates that beliefs that perseverative negative thinking, i.e. rumination, will help solve problems contributing to rumination. However, this activates negative beliefs about the uncontrollability and social consequences of ruminations, which exacerbate depression. The metacognitive model has been well‐supported but with some inconsistencies in specific pathways. It has also not yet been tested for postpartum depression (PPD). Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relations between the metacognitive model of rumination and depression when applied to PPD symptoms and to compare it with the cognitive model of depression.DesignThis is a cross‐sectional study.MethodPostpartum mothers (N = 603) participated in an online study in their first postpartum year. They completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Postnatal Negative Thoughts Questionnaire (PNTQ), Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS), Positive Beliefs about Rumination Scale (PBRS) and Negative Beliefs about Rumination Scale (NBRS).ResultsA path analysis revealed that the model had an excellent fit to the data. Specifically, positive beliefs about rumination predicted engagement in rumination that, in turn, predicted PPD, both directly and indirectly, through negative beliefs about uncontrollability and the social consequences of rumination. A cognitive model with ruminations as a partial mediator between negative postpartum thoughts and PPD symptoms also had a good fit.ConclusionThe findings of this study contribute to the understanding of the cognitive and metacognitive mechanisms underlying postpartum depression, which might be similar to depression in general and have important implications for treatment strategies.
Single-capture ultra-widefield guided swept-source optical coherence tomography in the management of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and associated peripheral vitreoretinal pathology
Authors: Lee Wei Wei , Muni Rajeev H 
Published: May 2022

Background/AimTo assess the utility of single-capture ultra-widefield confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope with integrated swept-source optical coherence tomography (UWF-SS-OCT) in the management of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and associated peripheral pathology.Methods138 eyes of 101 consecutive patients with RRD and/or associated peripheral pathology at a vitreoretinal practice in Toronto, Canada between December 2020 and February 2021 that had UWF-SS-OCT with interpretable scans were included. A 200 degree fundus photograph was used to navigate a built-in 100 kHz UWF-SS-OCT to image pathology with a high-density 23 mm line scan and/or volume scan. Main outcomes were the microstructural details of the RRD and/or associated peripheral pathology and longitudinal assessment of response to laser retinopexy and cryopexy with UWF-SS-OCT.Results56.5% (78/138) of eyes had prior or current RRD (6 eyes had combined retinoschisis detachment), 31.1% (43/138) had retinal tears/holes and 14.5% (20/138) had lattice degeneration. UWF-SS-OCT impacted management and was useful in determining the presence or absence of vitreoretinal traction with retinal holes or tears. It was also helpful in differentiating retinal detachment, schisis-detachment and retinoschisis in cases where it was not apparent clinically. There were also several novel findings such as vitreous adhesion at the posterior border of a retinal dialysis. UWF-SS-OCT was performed longitudinally before and immediately following laser retinopexy (n=22) and cryopexy (n=4). Microstructural changes were consistent with chorioretinal adhesion immediately following laser versus postprocedure day 6 following cryopexy.ConclusionSingle-capture UWF-SS-OCT enabled novel insights in RRD and associated peripheral vitreoretinal pathology.
Characterizations of weighted core inverses in rings with involution
Authors: Li Tingting 
Published: May 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be a unital ring with involution. The author investigates the characterizations and representations of weighted core inverse of an element in [Formula: see text] by idempotents and units. Let [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] be an invertible Hermitian element and [Formula: see text]. We prove that [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-core invertible if and only if there exists an element (or an idempotent) [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] (or [Formula: see text]) is invertible. As a consequence, for two invertible Hermitian elements [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] is weighted-[Formula: see text] with respect to [Formula: see text] if and only if there exists an element (or an idempotent) [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] (or [Formula: see text]) is invertible. These results generalize and improve conclusions in [T. T. Li and J. L. Chen, Characterizations of core and dual core inverses in rings with involution, Linear Multilinear Algebra 66 (2018) 717–730].
Using liquid phase precursor method to create a high-efficiency Ca<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>:Eu<sup>2+</sup> green-emitting phosphor
Authors: Huu Phuc Dang , Thi Dieu An Nguyen 
Published: May 2022

A standard solid-state reaction (SSR), a new fluid phase preparatory method utilizing LPP-SiO2(sol), and a water-based soluble silicone compound were employed to manufacture green Eu2+-based Ca2SiO4 phosphors liquid phase precursor (LPP-WSS). The generated phosphors feature large excitation spectra in the range of 225–450 nm and a strong green emission reaches the peak value at 502 nm owing to a 4f65d1→4f7(8S7/2) transition of Eu2+. These samples burned at 1100 1C produce the highest luminous intensity. The luminous properties of phosphors, which are manufactured by the liquid phase precursor LPP-WSS technique, were investigated at the range of 0.1-5.0 mol percent of Eu2+, with the maximum emission density observed at the value of 3.0 mol percent of Eu2+. The phosphors produced by the LPP-WSS technique exhibited a more uniform phase dispersion and higher luminous strength than those produced using the other procedures, according to a detailed report based on numerous characterizations. As a result, Ca2SiO4:Eu2+ has an indisputable possibility in white light-emitting diodes WLEDs and fluorescent lighting.
Impact of Racial Disparities in Preoperative Cardiovascular Evaluation and Surgical Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Authors: Ibrahim Kaitlyn D. , Tragesser Lauren A. , Soans Rohit , Haddad Abdullah , Eddy Vikram J. , McComb Joseph , Keane Martin G. , Whitman Isaac R. 
Published: May 2022

Background
We investigated preoperative referral patterns, rates of cardiovascular testing, surgical wait times, and postoperative outcomes in White versus Black, Hispanic, or other racial or ethnic groups of patients undergoing metabolic and bariatric surgery.

Methods and Results

This was a single center retrospective cohort analysis of 797 consecutive patients undergoing metabolic and bariatric surgery from January 2014 to December 2018; 86% (n=682) were Black, Hispanic, or other racial or ethnic groups. White versus Black, Hispanic, or other racial or ethnic groups had similar baseline comorbidities and were referred for preoperative cardiovascular evaluation in similar proportion (65% versus 68%,
P
=0.529). Black, Hispanic, or other racial or ethnic groups of patients were less likely to undergo preoperative cardiovascular testing (unadjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.56; 95% CI, 0.33–0.95;
P
=0.031; adjusted for Revised Cardiac Risk Index OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.35–0.996;
P
=0.049). White patients had a shorter wait time for surgery (unadjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.7; 95% CI, 0.58–0.87;
P
=0.001; adjusted HR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.56–0.95;
P
=0.018). Reduction in body mass index at 6 months was greater in White patients (12.9 kg/m
2
versus 12.0 kg/m
2
,
P
=0.0289), but equivalent at 1 year (14.9 kg/m
2
versus 14.3 kg/m
2
,
P
=0.330).

Conclusions
White versus Black, Hispanic, or other racial or ethnic groups of patients were referred for preoperative cardiovascular evaluation in similar proportion. White patients underwent more preoperative cardiac testing yet had a shorter wait time for surgery. Early weight loss was greater in White patients, but equivalent between groups at 12 months.
Effects of Sodium Nitroprusside Administered Via a Subdural Intracranial Catheter on the Microcirculation, Oxygenation, and Electrocortical Activity of the Cerebral Cortex in a Pig Cardiac Arrest Model
Authors: Lee Hyoung Youn , Jung Yong Hun , Mamadjonov Najmiddin , Jeung Kyung Woon , Kim Min Chul , Lim Kyung Seob , Jeon Chang‐Yeop , Lee Youngjeon , Kim Hyung Joong 
Published: May 2022

Background
Postischemic cerebral hypoperfusion has been indicated as an important contributing factor to secondary cerebral injury after cardiac arrest. We evaluated the effects of sodium nitroprusside administered via a subdural intracranial catheter on the microcirculation, oxygenation, and electrocortical activity of the cerebral cortex in the early postresuscitation period using a pig model of cardiac arrest.

Methods and Results

Twenty‐nine pigs were resuscitated with closed cardiopulmonary resuscitation after 14 minutes of untreated ventricular fibrillation. Thirty minutes after restoration of spontaneous circulation, 24 pigs randomly received either 4 mg of sodium nitroprusside (IT‐SNP group) or saline placebo (IT‐saline group) via subdural intracranial catheters and were observed for 5 hours. The same dose of sodium nitroprusside was administered intravenously in another 5 pigs. Compared with the IT‐saline group, the IT‐SNP group had larger areas under the curve for tissue oxygen tension and percent changes of arteriole diameter and number of perfused microvessels from baseline (all
P
<0.05) monitored on the cerebral cortex during the 5‐hour period, without severe hemodynamic instability. This group also showed faster recovery of electrocortical activity measured using amplitude‐integrated electroencephalography. Repeated‐measures analysis of variance revealed significant group–time interactions for these parameters. Intravenously administered sodium nitroprusside caused profound hypotension but did not appear to increase the cerebral parameters.

Conclusions
Sodium nitroprusside administered via a subdural intracranial catheter increased post–restoration of spontaneous circulation cerebral cortical microcirculation and oxygenation and hastened electrocortical activity recovery in a pig model of cardiac arrest. Further studies are required to determine its impact on the long‐term neurologic outcomes.
Biased Competition between Targets and Distractors Reduces Attentional Suppression: Evidence from the Positivity Posterior Contralateral and Distractor Positivity
Authors: Kerzel Dirk , Huynh Cong Stanislas 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The biased competition account claims that competition between two stimuli increases when they are close together compared with when they are far apart. The reason is that nearby stimuli are more likely to be represented in the same receptive fields, requiring top–down or bottom–up biases to resolve the ambiguity. Consistent with biased competition, previous research showed that an index of attentional enhancement, the N2pc component, was attenuated when two targets were close together. In contrast, it is unclear whether distractor processing would also be attenuated when the distractor is close to the target. To answer this question, we used the additional singleton paradigm where a target is sometimes accompanied by a more salient, but entirely irrelevant, distractor. In the conditions of interest, the distance between the target and the distractor was systematically manipulated whereas the eccentricity to central fixation was always the same. The results showed that two indices of attentional suppression, the positivity posterior contralateral and distractor positivity components, were attenuated when the distractor was close to the target. Consistent with biased competition, attentional suppression of distractors was inhibited when the distance between target and distractor was short. The reduced attentional suppression of distractors with nearby targets may contribute to the increased behavioral interference with close distractors.
Etudes de genre et population fictionnelle des Mille et une nuits : nouvelle approche
Authors: Chraïbi Aboubakr 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Feminist approaches and gender studies are among the most notable works devoted to the Thousand and One Nights. Šahrazād monopolizes the attention and is treated as a monolithic character, there are in fact several Šahrazāds, depending on the textual version considered. The one who learns history and has three children (ZER) is not the same as the one who learns medicine and has no children (G/Kayseri). On the other hand, Šahrazād would benefit from being reintegrated into her universe beside the other characters: in the Nights, a story can occur with male protagonists (The Second Shaykh) and be repeated with female protagonists (The Eldest Lady), or feature characters who biologically change their gender, through metamorphosis or, in their appearance, through disguise. Such behavioral variations can affect the entire population of the Nights, which new work proposes to approach in the manner of demographers, as has been practiced for illustrated albums (Brugeilles, Cromer, and Cromer) and as Françoise Lavocat’s research on the French novel shows. Now, with some adjustments (Katz; van Renterghem), it seems possible to transpose this type of approach to medieval Arabic literature and more particularly to the Thousand and One Nights.
Sponsorship and Negotiation for Women Otolaryngologists at Midcareer: A Content Analysis
Authors: Farlow Janice L. , Mott Nicole M. , Standiford Taylor C. , Dermody Sarah M. , Ishman Stacey L. , Thompson Dana M. , Malloy Kelly M. , Bradford Carol R. , Malekzadeh Sonya 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo explore challenges and opportunities for supporting midcareer women otolaryngologists in the areas of negotiation and sponsorship.Study DesignQualitative approach using semistructured interviews.SettingOnline multi‐institutional interviews.MethodsThis study was performed from June to August 2021. Women otolaryngologists representing diverse subspecialties, training, and practice environments were recruited via a purposive criterion‐based sampling approach. Semistructured interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed via an inductive‐deductive approach to produce a thematic content analysis.ResultsAmong the 12 women interviewees, who represented 7 subspecialties, the majority were Caucasian (58%) and in academic practice (50%). The median residency graduation year was 2002 (range, 1982‐2013). Participants expressed several challenges that women otolaryngologists face with respect to negotiation, including the absence of systematic formal negotiation training, gendered expectations that women experience during negotiations, and a perceived lack of power in negotiations. Obstacles to effective sponsorship included difficulty in the identification of sponsors and the influence of gender and related systemic biases that hindered sponsorship opportunities.ConclusionNotable gender disparities exist for negotiation and sponsorship in the midcareer stage for women otolaryngologists. Women start at a disadvantage due to a lack of negotiation training and access to sponsors, which is exacerbated by systemic gender bias and power differentials as women advance in their careers. This study highlights opportunities to improve negotiation and sponsorship for women, with the goal of promoting a more diverse workforce.
A successful hybrid deep learning model aiming at promoter identification
Authors: Wang Ying , Peng Qinke , Mou Xu , Wang Xinyuan , Li Haozhou , Han Tian , Sun Zhao , Wang Xiao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The zone adjacent to a transcription start site (TSS), namely, the promoter, is primarily involved in the process of DNA transcription initiation and regulation. As a result, proper promoter identification is critical for further understanding the mechanism of the networks controlling genomic regulation. A number of methodologies for the identification of promoters have been proposed. Nonetheless, due to the great heterogeneity existing in promoters, the results of these procedures are still unsatisfactory. In order to establish additional discriminative characteristics and properly recognize promoters, we developed the hybrid model for promoter identification (HMPI), a hybrid deep learning model that can characterize both the native sequences of promoters and the morphological outline of promoters at the same time. We developed the HMPI to combine a method called the PSFN (promoter sequence features network), which characterizes native promoter sequences and deduces sequence features, with a technique referred to as the DSPN (deep structural profiles network), which is specially structured to model the promoters in terms of their structural profile and to deduce their structural attributes.

Results
The HMPI was applied to human, plant and Escherichia coli K-12 strain datasets, and the findings showed that the HMPI was successful at extracting the features of the promoter while greatly enhancing the promoter identification performance. In addition, after the improvements of synthetic sampling, transfer learning and label smoothing regularization, the improved HMPI models achieved good results in identifying subtypes of promoters on prokaryotic promoter datasets.

Conclusions
The results showed that the HMPI was successful at extracting the features of promoters while greatly enhancing the performance of identifying promoters on both eukaryotic and prokaryotic datasets, and the improved HMPI models are good at identifying subtypes of promoters on prokaryotic promoter datasets. The HMPI is additionally adaptable to different biological functional sequences, allowing for the addition of new features or models.
Hypoxia classifier for transcriptome datasets
Authors: Puente-Santamaría Laura , Sanchez-Gonzalez Lucia , Ramos-Ruiz Ricardo , del Peso Luis 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMolecular gene signatures are useful tools to characterize the physiological state of cell populations, but most have developed under a narrow range of conditions and cell types and are often restricted to a set of gene identities. Focusing on the transcriptional response to hypoxia, we aimed to generate widely applicable classifiers sourced from the results of a meta-analysis of 69 differential expression datasets which included 425 individual RNA-seq experiments from 33 different human cell types exposed to different degrees of hypoxia (0.1–5%$$\hbox {O}_{2}$$

O
2

) for 2–48 h. The resulting decision trees include both gene identities and quantitative boundaries, allowing for easy classification of individual samples without control or normoxic reference. Each tree is composed of 3–5 genes mostly drawn from a small set of just 8 genes (EGLN1, MIR210HG, NDRG1, ANKRD37, TCAF2, PFKFB3, BHLHE40, and MAFF). In spite of their simplicity, these classifiers achieve over 95% accuracy in cross validation and over 80% accuracy when applied to additional challenging datasets. Our results indicate that the classifiers are able to identify hypoxic tumor samples from bulk RNAseq and hypoxic regions within tumor from spatially resolved transcriptomics datasets. Moreover, application of the classifiers to histological sections from normal tissues suggest the presence of a hypoxic gene expression pattern in the kidney cortex not observed in other normoxic organs. Finally, tree classifiers described herein outperform traditional hypoxic gene signatures when compared against a wide range of datasets. This work describes a set of hypoxic gene signatures, structured as simple decision tress, that identify hypoxic samples and regions with high accuracy and can be applied to a broad variety of gene expression datasets and formats.
Comparative genomics of the Western Hemisphere soft tick-borne relapsing fever borreliae highlights extensive plasmid diversity
Authors: Kneubehl Alexander R. , Krishnavajhala Aparna , Leal Sebastián Muñoz , Replogle Adam J. , Kingry Luke C. , Bermúdez Sergio E. , Labruna Marcelo B. , Lopez Job E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundTick-borne relapsing fever (TBRF) is a globally prevalent, yet under-studied vector-borne disease transmitted by soft and hard bodied ticks. While soft TBRF (sTBRF) spirochetes have been described for over a century, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms facilitating vector and host adaptation is poorly understood. This is due to the complexity of their small (~ 1.5 Mb) but fragmented genomes that typically consist of a linear chromosome and both linear and circular plasmids. A majority of sTBRF spirochete genomes’ plasmid sequences are either missing or are deposited as unassembled sequences. Consequently, our goal was to generate complete, plasmid-resolved genomes for a comparative analysis of sTBRF species of the Western Hemisphere.ResultsUtilizing aBorreliaspecific pipeline, genomes of sTBRF spirochetes from the Western Hemisphere were sequenced and assembled using a combination of short- and long-read sequencing technologies. Included in the analysis were the two recently isolated species from Central and South America,Borrelia puertoricensisn. sp. andBorrelia venezuelensis, respectively. Plasmid analyses identified diverse sequences that clustered plasmids into 30 families; however, only three families were conserved and syntenic across all species. We also compared two species,B. venezuelensisandBorrelia turicatae, which were isolated ~ 6,800 km apart and from different tick vector species but were previously reported to be genetically similar.ConclusionsTo truly understand the biological differences observed between species of TBRF spirochetes, complete chromosome and plasmid sequences are needed. This comparative genomic analysis highlights high chromosomal synteny across the species yet diverse plasmid composition. This was particularly true forB. turicataeandB. venezuelensis,which had high average nucleotide identity yet extensive plasmid diversity. These findings are foundational for future endeavors to evaluate the role of plasmids in vector and host adaptation.