bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring prenatal care performed by nurses in primary care
Authors: Maria Silva Alves Erica 
Published: November 2022

The professional nurse has been showing in the assistance within primary care the guidelines passed during the consultation performed in the care of pregnancy in the humanized context through scientific knowledge and technical resources. The objective was to describe the importance of nursing in prenatal care performed in primary care, which has been bringing to society with emphasis on assistance and reporting the information provided during the consultation performed in prenatal care during pregnancy. The methodology used in the research was an integrative literature review of articles available in the Scielo, Lilacs, Pubmed databases published from 2016 to 2021. The results obtained in the research were divided into three categories according to the similarity where prenatal care in primary care is intended to ensure the puerperal rights from the moment of conception of the fetus until delivery being accompanied by multiprofessional health team, the contribution of prenatal care aims to cover the care of pregnant women seeking the satisfaction of these women in primary care, the guidelines passed on to pregnant women is of utmost importance for the care throughout pregnancy. It was found that in the literature according to the articles researched on prenatal care is evaluated through the use of various prenatal care during monitoring in primary care and the challenge of achieving and maintaining a satisfactory level of quality provided during the assistance to women in pregnancy of ensuring a necessary experience of welfare established by the multidisciplinary team professionals in this process maintains the efficiency of care provided to these pregnant women.

DOI: 10.56238/isevjhv1n1-001
Remdesivir: a strategy to face the COVID-19 virus
Authors: Bessa Grasiela , Alcântara de Castro Michele , Barbosa Ferreira dos Santos Ramila , De Sousa Pinto Murillo , Vieira de Moraes Filho Aroldo 
Published: November 2022

In December 2019, a new type of coronavirus was found to have emerged and the World Health Organization declared a state of public health emergency. In view of this, Remdesivir has been identified in many countries as a possible candidate for the treatment of Sars-Cov-2. Given these assumptions, this paper aims to highlight the current evidence on the mechanism of action of this drug in cells infected with COVID-19 through a literature review. Remdesivir is defined as a nucleoside analog prodrug substituted with 10-cyano. Its main function is to inhibit viral replication by competing with endogenous nucleotides for viral RNA incorporation. In a randomized double-blind study, intravenous Remdesivir had no efficacy on time to clinical improvement, mortality, or time to viral clearance in patients with severe COVID-19. In another study patients who received Remdesivir had a 10-day faster recovery compared to those who received placebo. It is concluded that one study was able to satisfactorily demonstrate the use of Remdesivir in patients with COVID-19, as patients had a short recovery time compared to placebo. However, more studies are needed to prove the efficacy of the drug to combat coronavirus.

DOI: 10.56238/isevjhv1n1-002
Comparison of Short-Term Outcomes for Standard Versus Nonstandard Induction Dosing of Infliximab for Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Nasab Arian S. , Finkler Michael , DeLozier Sarah , Sferra Thomas J. , Splawski Judy , Moses Jonathan 
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVE
Recent studies have emphasized the early use of infliximab (IFX) in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Standard dosing of 5 mg/kg/dose may not be sufficient to achieve optimal clinical outcomes. The aim of our study was to compare short-term outcomes with standard dosing of IFX to higher, nonstandard dosing of IFX for induction therapy.

METHODS
Retrospective study of 162 pediatric patients receiving either standard (5–6 mg/kg, n = 90) or nonstandard (&gt;6 mg/kg, n = 72) dosing of IFX during induction was performed. Patient demographics, clinical outcomes, and laboratory data were collected. Need for dose escalation during the first 6 months, combination therapy with immunomodulators, and steroid-free progression were investigated.

RESULTS
Clinical remission rates between the 2 groups were significantly different, with patients receiving nonstandard dosing demonstrating higher rates (58% vs 78%; p = 0.012). Use of combination therapy with immunomodulators was significantly different between standard and nonstandard groups (80% vs 48%; p &lt; 0.001). Numeric trend in need for IFX dose escalation in the first 6 months was seen between standard and nonstandard groups (54% vs 39%, respectively; p = 0.087). Post-induction IFX trough concentrations, rates of antibody development, drug discontinuation, and infusion reaction were similar.

CONCLUSIONS
Nonstandard induction dosing of IFX was associated with higher rates of clinical remission, despite similar rates of serum IFX trough concentrations. There was a numeric trend towards the standard group requiring dose escalation within the first 6 months of therapy. Patients given nonstandard dosing may achieve superior clinical outcomes compared with those on standard dosing.
Comparison of Adolescent Meningococcal B Vaccination Rates in Four Diverse Outpatient Clinics
Authors: White Taylor , Anderson Margaret , Burgess Jeni , Domachowske Joseph , Steidl Kelly 
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVE
Meningococcal disease, caused by Neisseria meningitidis, is associated with severe illness and death. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices have published recommendations for the use of meningococcal vaccines in the United States. The primary objective of this study is to compare meningococcal serogroup B vaccination rates among adolescents at 4 diverse outpatient clinics.

METHODS
In this retrospective chart review, patients between the ages of 16 and 23 years were identified by using automated dispensing cabinet records of meningococcal serogroup ACWY vaccine removal. Immunization records were reviewed to determine if meningococcal serogroup B vaccine had been administered. Patients from 2 pediatric clinics and 2 family medicine clinics were included in our analysis.

RESULTS
Two hundred sixty-five patients were identified for review and 134 patients were included in our study. Of these, 43 (32%) had received the full meningococcal serogroup B vaccine series and 32 (24%) had completed the vaccine series for both meningococcal serogroup B and meningococcal serogroup ACWY series. Most patients who had completed a meningococcal serogroup B vaccine series presented to a pediatric clinic.

CONCLUSIONS
Less than half of adolescent patients completed their meningococcal B vaccine series at 4 diverse outpatient clinics, with a greater number of patients receiving vaccinations at pediatric clinics than family medicine clinics. Our findings highlight a need for increased education to providers regarding the current meningococcal B vaccination recommendations.
Chlorpromazine as Treatment for Refractory Agitation Associated with Pediatric Delirium
Authors: Kim Shin Young , Simone Shari , Kishk Omayma A. , Graciano Ana Lia , Seung Hyunuk , Edwards Sarah 
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVE
Delirium and agitation can be devastating and prolong the length of hospitalization. As part of our continuous improvement efforts, we implemented the use of intermittent chlorpromazine therapy to target refractory agitation associated with hyperactive or mixed delirium (RAA-D). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of chlorpromazine on RAA-D and delirium symptoms as well as any adverse effects in critically ill children.

METHODS
Retrospective chart review was conducted for children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit who were treated with chlorpromazine for RAA-D from March 2017 to January 2019. The primary end point was to determine differences in Cornell Assessment for Pediatric Delirium (CAPD) and State Behavioral Scale (SBS) scores 24 hours before and after chlorpromazine administration. The secondary end points were the 24-hour cumulative dosing of narcotic and sedative agents before and after chlorpromazine administration and adverse events associated with chlorpromazine use.

RESULTS
Twenty-six patients were treated with chlorpromazine for RAA-D; 16 (61.5%) were male with a median age of 14.5 months (IQR, 6–48). The mean CAPD (n = 24) and median SBS (n = 23) scores were significantly lower 24 hours after chlorpromazine use when compared to baseline scores, 12 vs 8.9 (p = 0.0021) and 1 vs −1, (p = 0.0005) respectively. No significant adverse effects were observed.

CONCLUSIONS
Chlorpromazine use in critically ill children with RAA-D was helpful for managing symptoms without adverse events. Further investigation is needed to evaluate the use of chlorpromazine to treat RAA-D to avoid long-term use of an antipsychotic.
Risk of Inappropriately Timed Live Vaccination After Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery
Authors: Shockley Abigail N. , Israel Emily N. , Thomas Christopher A. 
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVE
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend delaying live vaccinations up to 11 months after transfusions of certain blood products due to the risk of immunoglobulins decreasing immunization efficacy. Because vaccination schedules recommend live immunizations at 12 months, infants aged 5 to 12 months who undergo cardiac surgery requiring blood products are potentially at risk for improper vaccination. The objective of this study was to identify the risk of inappropriately timed live vaccination in pediatric patients after cardiovascular surgery.

METHODS
This single-center, retrospective chart review included 345 patients 5 to 12 months of age who underwent cardiovascular surgery between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2016. Included patients received packed red blood cells (PRBCs) and/or platelets during the surgical admission and a live vaccine within the first 18 months of life. The primary endpoint was the incidence of live vaccine administration within 7 months of receiving PRBCs and/or platelets.

RESULTS
Of the 345 included patients, 67% (n = 230) were inappropriately vaccinated after receiving platelets and/or PRBCs during cardiac surgery.

CONCLUSIONS
Infants who undergo cardiac surgery between the ages of 5 and 12 months are at risk for inappropriate live vaccination timing. A clinically significant percentage of pediatric patients who received blood products during a cardiac surgical admission later received live vaccines at times that were inconsistent with AAP, ACIP, and CDC recommendations. Future interventions aimed at educating providers and patients may be warranted.
Ocular Biomarkers for Alzheimer Disease Dementia
Authors: Costanzo Eliana , Lengyel Imre , Parravano Mariacristina , Biagini Ilaria , Veldsman Michele , Badhwar AmanPreet , Betts Matthew , Cherubini Antonio , Llewellyn David J. , Lourida Ilianna , MacGillivray Tom , Rittman Timothy , Tamburin Stefano , Tai Xin You , Virgili Gianni 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceSeveral ocular biomarkers have been proposed for the early detection of Alzheimer disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), particularly fundus photography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and OCT angiography (OCTA).ObjectiveTo perform an umbrella review of systematic reviews to assess the diagnostic accuracy of ocular biomarkers for early diagnosis of Alzheimer disease.Data SourcesMEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO were searched from January 2000 to November 2021. The references of included reviews were also searched.Study SelectionSystematic reviews investigating the diagnostic accuracy of ocular biomarkers to detect AD and MCI, in secondary care or memory clinics, against established clinical criteria or clinical judgment.Data Extraction and SynthesisThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline checklist was followed and the Risk Of Bias in Systematic reviews tool was used to assess review quality.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe prespecified outcome was the accuracy of ocular biomarkers for diagnosing AD and MCI. The area under the curve (AUC) was derived from standardized mean difference.ResultsFrom the 591 titles, 14 systematic reviews were included (median [range] number of studies in each review, 14 [5-126]). Only 4 reviews were at low risk of bias on all Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews domains. The imaging-derived parameters with the most evidence for detecting AD compared with healthy controls were OCT peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (38 studies including 1883 patients with AD and 2510 controls; AUC = 0.70; 95% CI, 0.53-0.79); OCTA foveal avascular zone (5 studies including 177 patients with AD and 371 controls; AUC = 0.73; 95% CI, 0.50-0.89); and saccadic eye movements prosaccade latency (30 studies including 651 patients with AD/MCI and 771 controls; AUC = 0.64; 95% CI, 0.58-0.69). Antisaccade error was investigated in fewer studies (12 studies including 424 patients with AD/MCI and 382 controls) and yielded the best accuracy (AUC = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.70-0.88).Conclusions and RelevanceThis umbrella review has highlighted limitations in design and reporting of the existing research on ocular biomarkers for diagnosing AD. Parameters with the best evidence showed poor to moderate diagnostic accuracy in cross-sectional studies. Future longitudinal studies should investigate whether changes in OCT and OCTA measurements over time can yield accurate predictions of AD onset.
Silica
Authors: Perry Carole C 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe element silicon (Si) is used by all living organisms either in molecular processes or in the formation of the mineral silica. The mineral is found in single‐cell organisms (e.g. radiolarian, diatoms, dinoflagellates and algae) through molluscs (e.g. limpets) to higher plants and primitive animals such as sponges. It is formed from an environment that is undersaturated with respect to Si and under conditions of around neutral pH and low temperature,c. 4–40 °C. The mineral can be formed both intra‐ or extracellularly and specific biochemicals involved with mineral deposition include lipids, proteins (including posttranslationally modified proteins), long‐change polyamines and carbohydrates. Knowledge of the complete genome for some species is providing opportunities to uncover the precise mechanisms of element uptake, transport, and deposition. The properties of biosilica (structure at the nano and micro scale, porosity, and surface chemistry) can be used to solve environmental, energy and health problems.Key ConceptsSilicon is an essential element for many if not all organisms.A range of biomolecules are used to control and regulate silica precipitation in the natural environment.The presence of biogenic silica confers functional properties which may include structural/mechanical support and/or defence against environmental stresses.Biogenic silica can be used to solve environmental, energy and health problems due to its porosity and tunable surface chemistry.Orthosilicic acid in the diet of animals has been suggested to lead to improved bone health.Much remains unknown concerning how the element is transported, concentrated, and spatially organised within organisms.
Nanostructures and Nanotechnologies for the Detection of Extracellular Vesicle
Authors: Ye Siyuan , You Qing , Song Shuya , Wang Huayi , Wang Chen , Zhu Ling , Yang Yanlian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLiquid biopsy has been taken as a minimally invasive examination and a promising surrogate to the clinically applied tissue‐based test for the diagnosis and molecular analysis of cancer. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry complex molecular information from the tumor, allowing for the multicomponent analysis of cancer and would be beneficial to personalized medicine. In this review, the advanced nanomaterials and nanotechniques for the detection and molecular profiling of EVs, highlight the advantages of nanotechnology in the high‐purity isolation and the high‐sensitive and high‐specific identification of EVs, are summarized. An outlook on the clinical application of nanotechnology‐based liquid biopsy in the diagnosis, prognostication, and surveillance of cancer is also provided. It provides information for developing liquid biopsy based on EVs by discussing the advantages and challenges of functionalized nanomaterials and various nanotechnologies.
Tailoring Interfacial Charge Transfer for Optimizing Thermoelectric Performances of MnTe‐Sb2Te3 Superlattice‐Like Films
Authors: Sang Hao , Wang Wei , Wang Zhengzhou , Hong Min , Zhang Cheng , Xie Sen , Ge Haoran , Yan Fan , Wang Zhaohui , Ouyang Yujie , Liu Yong , Wu Jinsong , Liu Wei , Tang Xinfeng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInterfacial charge transfer has a vital role in tailoring the thermoelectric performance of superlattices (SLs), which, however, is rarely clarified by experiments. Herein, based on epitaxially grown p‐type (MnTe)x(Sb2Te3)y superlattice‐like films, synergistically optimized thermoelectric parameters of carrier density, carrier mobility, and Seebeck coefficient are achieved by introducing interfacial charge transfer, in which effects of hole injection, modulation doping, and energy filtering are involved. Carrier transport measurements and angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) characterizations reveal a strong hole injection from the MnTe layer to the Sb2Te3 layer in the SLs, originating from the work function difference between MnTe and Sb2Te3. By reducing the thickness of MnTe less than one monolayer, all electronic transport parameters are synergistically optimized in the quantum‐dots (MnTe)x(Sb2Te3)12 superlattice‐like films, leading to much improved thermoelectric power factors (PFs). The (MnTe)0.1(Sb2Te3)12 obtains the highest room‐temperature PF of 2.50 mWm−1K−2, while the (MnTe)0.25(Sb2Te3)12 possesses the highest PF of 2.79 mWm−1K−2 at 381 K, remarkably superior to the values acquired in binary MnTe and Sb2Te3 films. This research provides valuable guidance on understanding and rationally tailoring the interfacial charge transfer of thermoelectric SLs to further enhance thermoelectric performances.
Functional Blood–Brain Barrier Model with Tight Connected Minitissue by Liquid Substrates Culture
Authors: Liu Nian , Zhu Yuanbo , Yu Kang , Gu Zeming , Lv Shang , Chen Yuewei , He Chaofan , Fu Jianzhong , He Yong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe functional blood–brain barrier (BBB) model can provide a reliable tool for better understanding BBB transport mechanisms and in vitro preclinical experimentation. However, recapitulating microenvironmental complexities and physiological functions in an accessible approach remains a major challenge. Here, a new BBB model with a high‐cell spatial density and tightly connected biomimetic minitissue is presented. The minitissue, pivotal functional structure of the BBB model, is fabricated by a novel and easy‐to‐use liquid substrate culture (LSC) method, which allows cells to self‐assemble and self‐heal into macrosized, tightly connected membranous minitissue. The minitissue with uniform thickness can be easily harvested in their entirety with extracellular matrix. Attributed to the tightly connected minitissue formed by LSC, the fabricated BBB biomimetic model has 1 to 2 orders of magnitude higher transendothelial electric resistance than the commonly reported BBB model. It also better prevents the transmission of large molecular substances, recapitulating the functional features of BBB. Furthermore, the BBB biomimetic model provides feedback regarding BBB‐destructive drugs, exhibits selective transmission, and shows efflux pump activity. Overall, this model can serve as an accessible tool for life science or clinical medical researchers to enhance the understanding of human BBB and expedite the development of new brain‐permeable drugs.
Photocatalytic CO2‐to‐Syngas Evolution with Molecular Catalyst Metal‐Organic Framework Nanozymes
Authors: Stanley Philip M. , Su Alice Y. , Ramm Vanessa , Fink Pascal , Kimna Ceren , Lieleg Oliver , Elsner Martin , Lercher Johannes A. , Rieger Bernhard , Warnan Julien , Fischer Roland A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSyngas, a mixture of CO and H2, is a high‐priority intermediate for producing several commodity chemicals, e.g., ammonia, methanol, and synthetic hydrocarbon fuels. Accordingly, parallel sunlight‐driven catalytic conversion of CO2 and protons to syngas is a key step toward a sustainable energy cycle. State‐of‐the‐art catalytic systems and materials often fall short as application‐oriented concurrent CO and H2 evolution requires challenging reaction conditions which can hamper stability, selectivity, and efficiency. Here a light‐harvesting metal‐organic framework hosting two molecular catalysts is engineered to yield colloidal, water‐stable, versatile nanoreactors for photocatalytic syngas generation with highly controllable product ratios. In‐depth fluorescence, X‐ray, and microscopic studies paired with kinetic analysis show that the host delivers energy efficiently to active sites, conceptually yielding nanozymes. This unlocked sustained CO2 reduction and H2 evolution with benchmark turnover numbers and record incident photon conversions up to 36%, showcasing a highly active and durable all‐in‐one material toward application in solar energy‐driven syngas generation.
Natural Shaping of Acellular Dermal Matrices for Implant‐Based Breast Reconstruction via Expansile Kirigami
Authors: Lee Young‐Joo , Kanchwala Suhail K. , Cho Hyesung , Jolly Jason Christopher , Jablonka Eric , Tanis Michael , Kamien Randall D. , Yang Shu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo complete a successful and aesthetic breast reconstruction for breast cancer survivors, tissue reinforcing acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) are widely utilized to create slings/pockets to keep breast implants or autologous tissue transfer secured against the chest wall in the desired location. However, ADM sheets are 2D and cannot completely cover the entire implant without wrinkles. Here, guided by finite element modeling, a kirigami strategy is presented to cut the ADM sheets with locally and precisely controlled stretchability, curvature, and elasticity. Upon expansion, a single kirigami ADM sheet can conformably wrap the implant regardless of the shape and size, forming a natural teardrop shape; contour cuts prescribe the topographical height and fractal cuts in the center ensures horizontal expandability and thus conformability. This kirigami ADM can provide support to the reconstructed breast in the desired regions, potentially offering optimal outcomes and patient‐specific reconstruction, while minimizing operative time and cost.
An Efficient Blue‐Emission Crystalline Thin‐Film OLED Sensitized by “Hot Exciton” Fluorescent Dopant
Authors: Yang Jingjie , Zheng Wantao , Hu Dehua , Zhu Feng , Ma Yuguang , Yan Donghang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCrystalline thin‐film organic light‐emitting diodes (C‐OLEDs) can achieve a large light emission and a low Joule‐heat loss under low driving voltage due to the high carrier mobility of the crystalline thin films. However, it is urgent for the C‐OLEDs to improve their external quantum efficiency (EQE). Here, a novel strategy is proposed using a doped “hot exciton” material to sensitize a high PLQY blue emitter in C‐OLEDs. Benefiting from the capability of the “hot exciton” material harnessing triplet/singlet excitons, the C‐OLED exhibits an efficiency breakthrough with a maximum EQE of 6.2%, a much enhanced blue photon output with pure blue emission Commission International de L'Eclairage (CIE) (0.14, 0.15), a low turn‐on/operation voltage of 2.6 V(@1 cd m−2)/3.8 V (@1000 cd m−2), and a maximum power efficiency (PE) of 9.4 lm W−1. This work unlocks the potential of C‐OLEDs for achieving high photon output with high EQE.