bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural and predictive analyses with a mixed copula‐based vector autoregression model
Authors: Yamaka Woraphon , Gupta Rangan , Thongkairat Sukrit , Maneejuk Paravee 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this study, we introduce a mixed copula‐based vector autoregressive (VAR) model for investigating the relationship between random variables. The one‐step maximum likelihood estimation is used to obtain point estimates of the autoregressive parameters and mixed copula parameters. More specifically, we combine the likelihoods of the marginal and mixed copula to construct the full likelihood function. The simulation study is used to confirm the accuracy of the estimation as well as the reliability of the proposed model. Various mixed copula forms from a combination of Gaussian, Student's t, Clayton, Frank, Gumbel, and Joe copulas are introduced. The proposed model is compared to the traditional VAR model and single copula‐based VAR models to assess its performance. Furthermore, the real data study is also conducted to validate our proposed method. As a result, it is found that the one‐step maximum likelihood provides accurate and reliable results. Also, we show that if we ignore the complex and nonlinear correlation between the errors, it causes significant efficiency loss in the parameter estimation in terms of |Bias| and MSE. In the application study, the mixed copula‐based VAR is the best fitting copula for our application study.
Interrogating the chemical mechanism for carbon dioxide (CO2) reactivity in aqueous tertiary amine solutions: Can a simple parallel hydration reaction mechanism work?
Authors: Li Lichun , Chen Xiangcan , Zhang Geshan , Xu Meng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this study, the kinetics of CO2 absorption into tertiary amine methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) was studied intensively using both experimental and theoretical approaches. The experimental work measured the kinetics of CO2(aq) react with MDEA over a range of concentrations including dilute (0.5–10.0 mM) and concentrated (0.5–2.5 M) solutions via stopped‐flow spectrophotometric at 25.0°C. The resulting kinetic data has been theoretically evaluated using three chemical reaction mechanism variants including the complete base catalysis mechanism, the simplified base catalysis mechanism, and the parallel CO2 hydration mechanism. Results showed that the simplified base catalysis mechanism in the absence of the kinetic pathways for CO2 via hydroxide and water is insufficient to predict the measured kinetic data while the complete base catalysis mechanism and parallel hydration mechanisms can accurately predict the kinetics of CO2 absorption into MDEA solutions. In particular, the experimental data of reversibility of the hydration reactions at low pH was in poor agreement with the simplified model predicted results. Given the simplicity of the parallel hydration mechanism with no requirement for determination of rate constants of the base catalysis reaction unlike the complete base catalysis mechanism, the parallel hydration mechanism can be considered the simplest and preferred mechanism describing the reaction between tertiary amine MDEA and CO2. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Practice approaches and future trends in the personal bankruptcy system in China
Authors: Yin Huifen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn recent years, the need to enact a personal bankruptcy system has become progressively urgent in China. With increased social acceptance, the practice of personal debt solutions in local courts has been booming. The promulgation of the Personal Bankruptcy Ordinance of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone in 2021 is an important event of epoch‐making significance in China's bankruptcy legislative history. The revision of the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law 2006 has been included in the legislator's working plan. Whether a personal bankruptcy system could be introduced during the revision has become a major focus. The challenges to personal bankruptcy legislation in China include the public concern that debtors abuse the system to evade debts; the judicial pressure caused by too many cases; and the lack of an out‐of‐court mediation mechanism. The personal bankruptcy system is one of the most inconsistent legal fields in the world. China's future personal bankruptcy law will confine its discussion to the subjects of law, bankruptcy discharge period, and regulation of debtors' debt evasion. Legislators should refer to the advanced legislative experience and set up the personal bankruptcy system by combining it with China's national situation.
Reevaluating the evidence on seasonality in housing market match quality: Replication of Ngai and Tenreyro (2014)
Authors: Scrimgeour Dean 
Published: August 2022

SummaryI revisit Ngai and Tenreyro (2014)'s empirical analysis of seasonal match quality in American Housing Survey (AHS) data. Using 1999 data only, Ngai and Tenreyro show that homes purchased in the summer season are occupied longer and have fewer and less costly renovations soon after purchase, pointing to superior match quality for households who move house during the thicker summer market. However, applying the same methods to other years of the AHS substantially weakens these results. In addition, I document heaping in a key variable, the prior move month, and implement a multiple imputation correction. Ngai and Tenreyro's use of a coarsened measure of duration seems to largely overcome the biases that heaping introduces.
Factors that influenced students to matriculate at a northeastern dental school: A comparative study
Authors: Burton Jenna E. , McManus Joseph M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurpose/objectivesThere is a robust body of research on which factors dental schools consider when selecting students for acceptance, but there is considerably less research regarding what factors dental applicants consider when selecting a particular program. The aim of this investigation was to better understand which factors most influenced students to matriculate at a particular dental school and how the value of these factors has changed over time.MethodsTo answer this research question, an online survey was utilized to determine why students chose to attend Columbia University College of Dental Medicine (CUCDM). This survey was administered to students in the Class of 2023 and was compared to the responses of an identical survey that was administered to the Class of 2013. The response rate for the classes of 2013 and 2023 were 70.0% and 42.2%, respectively. Results from the Classes of 2013 and 2023 were analyzed using independent sample T‐tests.ResultsThe Class of 2013 ranked academic reputation, location, and admissions into specialty programs as the three most important factors in their selection of a dental school. The Class of 2023 ranked tuition cost, perceived patient pool, and financial aid as their three most important factors.Conclusion(s)For dental schools to continue to successfully attract and enroll students, they must understand what motivates a student to matriculate in a specific dental program. One way to accomplish this is through the use of a survey.
An evaluation of the effect of hydrofluoric acid (HF) treatment on keratins
Authors: Zhao Tao , Pan Yanhong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHydrofluoric acid (HF) is commonly used in geological and paleontological research to extract organic fossils for morphological and chemical studies. However, during HF treatment, organic matter can also be altered, which raises concerns that HF‐treated organic matter may not be representative of the original organic matter. To provide reference data for protein studies on fossils, herein, we use Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to investigate the effect of HF (21.3 M) treatment on keratins, with treatment durations ranging from 2 to 48 h. Results show that the FTIR spectra of HF‐treated samples are overall similar to that of the untreated sample, while curve fitting shows that HF treatment has led to alteration of the secondary structure in all the HF‐treated samples and the effect is time‐dependent. The 2‐ and 4‐h treatment mainly reduced the content of the random coils, α‐helix, and intermolecular β‐sheet. From 8h onwards, the content of random coils greatly increased at the expense of other structures. Our results imply that for protein detection in fossils using FTIR spectroscopy, the negative effect of HF treatment is not substantial, as the bands characteristic of proteins, that is, amide A, amide B, amide I, amide II, and amide III, are still present after the 48‐h treatment. If the target is a secondary structure, the effect of HF treatment should be considered. When HF treatment is necessary, limiting the treatment duration to less than 4h may be a choice.
Brokers betrayed: The afterlife of Afghan interpreters employed by western armies
Authors: de Jong Sara 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBrokers have long been scrutinised for their purported disloyalty, but brokers' own attachments and expectations remain largely neglected. This article contributes to scholarship by shifting from the much‐discussed betrayal by brokers, to betrayal of brokers. It maps three forms of betrayal—interpersonal, institutional and ideological—drawing on unique empirical material, including interviews with Afghan interpreters who worked for western armies. It argues that the betrayal of brokers is facilitated by conditions of reduced demand and weak social ties in an unequal global order. When brokers' remit is largely dictated by their patron, brokers stand more to lose than to gain.
Modeling the spatial and temporal dynamics of land‐based polar bear denning in Alaska
Authors: Patil Vijay P. , Durner George M. , Douglas David C. , Atwood Todd C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlthough polar bears (Ursus maritimus) of the Southern Beaufort Sea (SBS) subpopulation have commonly created maternal dens on sea ice in the past, maternal dens on land have become increasingly prevalent as sea ice declines. This trend creates conditions for increased human–bear interactions associated with local communities and industrial activity. Maternal denning is a vulnerable period in the polar bear life cycle, and den disturbance could lead to den abandonment, cub mortality, and negative population impacts. We used published long‐term data to parameterize a Bayesian hierarchical model of annual land den abundance during 2000–2015, in 4 regions of northern Alaska, USA, with current or potential future oil and gas activity. We also estimated long‐term (1982–2015) shifts in the spatial distribution of land dens within and among regions using kernel density estimation and assessed the influence of local and regional sea ice and snow conditions on den site selection using a random forest resource selection function. Our objectives were to quantify current den distribution and abundance, test for distributional shifts over time, and investigate if those shifts could be attributed to environmental variables related to den habitat. We estimated that between 2000 and 2015, the SBS contained a median 123 dens in a typical year, of which 68 occurred on land. The region between the Colville and Canning rivers, where most current oil and gas activity occurred, also contained the largest fraction of land dens. Overall, land dens were disproportionately concentrated on barrier islands and on land within 30 km of the coast. The probability of dens occurring on land varied from 1982–1999 to 2000–2015 in all regions, and the overall distribution of land dens shifted west between those periods. This regional‐scale change in den distribution was predictable based on spatial and temporal heterogeneity in snow and sea ice conditions within 50 km of individual den locations. Land denning is likely to become increasingly common with continued sea ice loss, and our results and modeling framework could be used to design additional mitigation strategies for reducing the risk of incidental take due to den disturbance.
Intranasal Corticosteroid Treatment on Recovery of Long‐Term Olfactory Dysfunction Due to COVID‐19
Authors: Hosseinpoor Masoumeh , Kabiri Mona , Rajati Haghi Mohsen , Ghadam Soltani Toktam , Rezaei Alireza , Faghfouri Atiyeh , Poustchian Gholkhatmi Zahra , Bakhshaee Mehdi 
Published: August 2022

Background and AimsOlfactory dysfunction is a recognized manifestation in patients infected with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19). This investigation aimed to assess the effect of mometasone furoate intranasal spray on the improvement of smell dysfunction in post‐COVID‐19 patients.Materials and MethodsThis randomized placebo‐controlled trial included 80 non‐hospitalized adult patients who had persistent anosmia or severe microsmia for more than 4 weeks due to COVID‐19 infection. The participants were randomly allocated to the intervention or placebo group to receive mometasone furoate nasal spray or sodium chloride intranasal spray during 4 weeks of follow‐up, respectively. The patients' olfactory dysfunction was assessed in terms of visual analog scale (VAS), and smell test score according to the modified version of the University of Pennsylvania smell identification test for the Iranian population.ResultsA total of 70 participants completed the follow‐up period and were analyzed in this study. By comparing the olfactory scores including smell test and VAS scores, no significant differences were found between case and control groups at baseline, 2, and 4 weeks intervals. However, the change of both olfactory scores at pre to post‐treatment intervals and 2–4 weeks was significantly higher in the mometasone group relative to the placebo group. At post‐treatment, the frequency of anosmia was 22.9% reduced in the case group compared to the control group.ConclusionOverall, there was no significant difference in olfactory dysfunction between the two groups during follow‐up. However, based on the significant between‐group difference in terms of olfactory scores changes, it seems that the nasal corticosteroids may be a positive effect on the recovery process of patients who received more than 2 weeks.Level of Evidence2 Laryngoscope, 132:2209–2216, 2022
Clinical characteristics of 10 Chinese patients with melorheostosis and identification of a somatic MAP2K1 variant in one case
Authors: Han Xiaojun , Xu Yang , Wei Zhanying , Wang Chun , Yue Hua , Zhang Zhenlin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundMelorheostosis (MEL) is an exceptionally rare sclerosing bone dysplasia with asymmetrically exuberant bone formation and soft tissue lesions in a segmental distribution. We aimed to summarize the clinical characteristics of Chinese MEL patients and identify their pathogenic cause.MethodsIn total, 10 Chinese MEL patients were recruited, and clinical manifestations and radiological characteristics were recorded. Sanger sequencing of the LEMD3 gene was performed on peripheral blood samples of all patients, while the exome sequencing of matched peripheral blood, melorheostotic bone, and skin lesion samples was conducted on one patient who provided affected bone and skin tissues. Micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT) was also used to scan the melorheostotic bone tissue.ResultsWe found the average age of the 10 MEL patients was 29.5 years (range 11–40 years), and the major symptoms were bone pain, restricted movement, and bone deformity. The lesions sites were mainly located in femur (8/10), tibia (8/10), fibula (6/10), and foot (7/10), the next was pelvis (4/10), and the last were patella (1/10), hand (1/10) and spine (1/10). Radiological examinations showed a mixture of hyperostosis consisting of classic “dripping candle wax,” “osteoma‐like,” or “myositis ossificans‐like” patterns in most patients. No germline pathogenic variants in the LEMD3 gene were found in all patients, but a disease‐causing somatic variant of MAP2K1 (c.167A > C, p.Gln56Pro) was detected in melorheostotic bone from one patient. Moreover, the micro‐CT analysis showed increased porosity in the melorheostotic bone with somatic MAP2K1 variant.ConclusionThis is a summary of the clinical characteristics of Chinese MEL patients and we first identify the somatic MAP2K1 variant in Chinese patients. Our findings validate the molecular genetic mechanism of MEL and broaden its phenotype spectrum in the Chinese population.
Identification of l‐Tryptophan by down‐field 1H MRS: A precursor for brain NAD+ and serotonin syntheses
Authors: Nanga Ravi Prakash Reddy , Elliott Mark A. , Swain Anshuman , Wilson Neil , Swago Sophia , Soni Narayan Datt , Witschey Walter R. , Reddy Ravinder 
Published: August 2022

PurposeTo explore the presence of new resonances beyond 9.4 ppm from the human brain, down‐field proton MRS was performed in vivo in the human brain on 6 healthy volunteers at 7 T.MethodsTo maximize the SNR, a large voxel was placed within the brain to cover the maximal area in such a way that sinus cavities were avoided. A spectrally selective 90° E‐BURP pulse with an excitation bandwidth of 2 ppm was used to probe the spectral chemical shift range between 9.1 and 10.5 ppm. The E‐BURP pulse was integrated with PRESS spatial localization to obtain non‐water‐suppressed proton MR spectra from the desired spectral region.ResultsIn the down‐field proton MRS obtained from all of the volunteers scanned, we identified a new peak consistently resonating at 10.1 ppm. Protons associated with this resonance are in cross‐relaxation with the bulk water, as demonstrated by the water saturation and deuterium exchange experiments.ConclusionBased on the chemical shift, this new peak was identified as the indole (–NH) proton of l‐tryptophan (l‐TRP) and was further confirmed from phantom experiments on l‐TRP. These promising preliminary results potentially pave the way to investigate the role of cerebral metabolism of l‐TRP in healthy and disease conditions.
Spectral Chebyshev method coupled with a high order continuation for nonlinear bending and buckling analysis of functionally graded sandwich beams
Authors: Mesmoudi Said , Askour Omar , Rammane Mohammed , Bourihane Oussama , Tri Abdeljalil , Braikat Bouazza 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe main objective of the present work is to couple the spectral Chebyshev differential quadrature method (SCDQM) to the high order continuation method (HOCM) which was proposed in previous works with several discretization techniques. This new approach (SCDQM‐HOCM) is proposed to analyze the nonlinear bending and buckling analysis of functionally graded sandwich beams. The originality of this work consists also to use a beam model which taken into account the nonlinear term neglected in several works of the literature. This term makes it possible to have the buckling and bending problems by using the classical Timoshenko model and to handle the boundary conditions that several works could not to take into account. A strong form of nonlinear equations is established based on the first order shear deformation theory of beams with the von‐Kármán kinematic hypothesis. Regarding functionally graded materials (FGM), two typical types are investigated: sandwich beam with FGM faces and ceramic core (Type‐A), and sandwich beam with FGM core and uniform faces (Type‐B). The accuracy and efficiency of the SCDQM‐HOCM compared with finite element method coupled with high order continuation method (FEM‐HOCM) are illustrated on numerical examples of the FGM beams and then the FG sandwich beams. Furthermore, a parametric study is led to carry out the influence of different skin‐core‐skin thickness ratios, span‐to‐height ratio, and volume fraction on the bending and buckling behavior of FG sandwich beams subjected to different loadings and various boundary conditions.
A novel nanofibrous film with antibacterial, antioxidant, and thermoregulatory functions fabricated by coaxial electrospinning
Authors: Dai Tianliang , Qin Zhuofan , Wang Shuoshuo , Wang Lina , Yao Juming , Zhu Guocheng , Guo Baochun , Militky Jiri , Venkataraman Mohanapriya , Zhang Ming 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOrdinary packaging film only has the functions of storing food and transporting food, while the external environment can affect the storage period of food. In this study, a common degradable material, polylactic acid (PLA), was chosen as the base material, and the material was endowed with antibacterial function by adding curcumin (Cur). Coaxial electrostatic spinning technology has a unique advantage in the preparation of core‐sheath structured fibers, and a PLA/Cur/n‐octadecane (OD) phase change thermoregulation fiber was prepared by selecting OD as the core material, which gives the fiber film thermoregulation function. The fiber structure, mechanical properties, and thermal properties were characterized. The antibacterial activity of the composite films against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was investigated. The temperature regulation function of the composite film was evaluated, and the unique core‐sheath structure endowed the fiber film with a temperature regulation function. The storage of bananas was studied in which to explore the effect on food preservation. The composite films showed excellent bactericidal as well as antioxidant properties and successfully delayed the warming phenomenon.
Intercropping maize with brachiaria can be a double‐edged sword strategy
Authors: Flausino Bruno F. , Machado Carolina F.M. , Silva José Hiago C. , Ronchi Cláudio P. , Pimentel Marco Aurélio G. , Gontijo Lessando M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDIntercropping is commonly implemented as a way of promoting sustainable agriculture. Some of the benefits of intercropping include improving resource‐use efficiency and soil quality as well as promoting pest control. As for pest control, intercropping can often engender pest repellency/confusion and promote natural biological control. Nevertheless, intercropping is not always a win–win strategy for pest management, with chances of sometimes either favoring or hampering pests and their natural enemies. Brazilian farmers commonly row‐intercrop maize with brachiaria with the intent of forming a grass pasture for the feeding of livestock after maize harvest. However, very little is known about whether this intercropping can influence key pests and natural enemies in the maize agroecosystem. The overall aim of this study was to investigate how multiple groups of maize pests and natural enemies respond in terms of temporal abundance to this intercropping.RESULTSDefoliation caused by caterpillars was higher in the intercropping treatment. Intercropping appeared to promote Dalbulus maidis while hampering aphids and Diabrotica speciosa. In general, the abundance of natural enemies was favored by intercropping. There was a reduction in maize productivity (i.e. fresh weight) in the intercropping treatment. Most results were season dependent.CONCLUSIONWe believe that by considering together the pros and cons of intercropping maize and brachiaria in terms of pest management and soil conservation/fertility, the benefits of implementing this intercropping shall still outweigh its potential challenges. Nevertheless, the results and ensuing recommendations should be considered under the context of time and arthropod species. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.