bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiband Polarization-Insensitive Cartwheel Metamaterial Absorber
Authors: Majeed Khalid , Niazi Shahab , Altintas Olcay , Baqir Muhammad Abuzar , Karaaslan Muharrem , Hasar Ugur Cem 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Metamaterials are specifically engineered to produce electromagnetic properties that are not available in natural materials. Multiband metamaterial (MM) absorbers achieve great research interest due to their applications in sensing, filtering, and stealth. These absorbers are mostly made of multilayered and complex geometrical structures. In this work, a single layered cartwheel shaped (CWS), polarization-insensitive MM absorber operating in the microwave band is proposed. It shows a good angular stability, and multiple absorption peaks are attained due to multiple electric and magnetic resonances. Moreover, absorption characteristics can be tuned by modifying the substrate thickness. The comparison of simulated results and measured results show good agreement with each other. This absorber would be useful for sensing and filtering applications in microwave devices.
Stat3 is a mediator for TGFβ1 regulating bromodomain protein 4 and cross-talks with Smad3 signaling and Egr-1 in hepatic stellate cell
Authors: Xu Feifan , Lu Sidan , Zhao Feifan , Pan Nachuan , Jia Xin , zhou yajun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Bromodomain protein 4 (BrD4), an epigenetic reader, functions as a global genomic regulator to direct hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and liver fibrogenesis. Our recent researches demonstrated the effect of TGFβ1, a pivotal pro-fibrotic cytokine, on BrD4 expression through Smad3/Egr1 axis in HSCs. Stat3 is widely acknowledged as a regulator of gene transcription and involved in fibrosis of many tissues. The present study was focused on the roles of Stat3, a non-canonical signaling of TGFβ1, in TGFβ1 regulating BrD4 in HSCs and examined the relationship among Stat3 signaling, Smad3 signaling, and Egr1.
Methods
Heterogeneous TGFβ1 knockout mice and thioacetamide-induced liver injury were employed. Adeno-associated virus encoding shRNA were for knockdown of gene expression in vivo. Mouse HSCs were used in vitro.
Results
Stat3 mediated TGFβ1-induced BrD4 expression in vitro and in vivo. BrD4 knockdown lessened Stat3- induced HSC activation and liver fibrosis. TGFβ1-induced Smad3 pathway activated Stat3 signaling which at least promoted Egr1 binding to BrD4 promoter for BrD4 expression. Egr1 knockdown significantly reduced the effect of Stat3 signaling on BrD4 expression and Egr1 had a positive feedback on Stat3 activation in HSCs. Moreover, an increase in BrD4 expression paralleled to Stat3 activation in activated HSCs in human cirrhotic livers. Thus, a network consisting of Stat3 signaling, Smad3 signaling, Egr1, and BrD4 emerged, which contributed to the effects of TGFβ1 on HSC activation and liver fibrosis.
Conclusions
Stat3 was another mediator for TGFβ1 regulating BrD4 and cross-talked with Smad3 and Egr-1. This report broadened the understanding of the roles of TGFβ1 in liver fibrogenesis.
Gradient Phosphatized Interphase for Ultra-Stable and Low-Temperature Zinc Metal Batteries
Authors: Wang Wei , Chen Shan , Liao Xuelong , Huang Rong , Chen Jialei , Wang Yaxin , Wang Fei , Wang Huan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In situ formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer on zinc (Zn) surface is an effective solution to suppress dendrite growth. However, the fast transport of bivalent Zn-ions within the solid interlayer remains very challenging. Herein, we engineer the SEI components and enable a superior kinetic of Zn metal under harsh conditions. Trimethyl phosphate was employed as a cosolvent, which decreases the freezing point of water and spontaneously generate a gradient ZnF2–Zn3(PO4)2 interphase. Mechanistic studies reveal the outer ZnF2 facilitates Zn2+ desolvation and inner Zn3(PO4)2 serves as channels for Zn2+ transport, contributing to long-term cycling at subzero temperatures. Impressively, the gradient SEI enables a record lifespan of symmetric Zn cells over 6000 hours (~ 8 months) at − 50 oC. Furthermore, the Zn–KVOH full cell achieves a superhigh areal capacity (9.42 mAh cm− 2) under a practical cycling condition (high cathode loading: 33.75 mg cm− 2; lean electrolyte: 6.76 µL mAh− 1), and delivers a capacity retention of 86.1% after 12000 cycles at − 50 oC. This work provides a feasible route for low-temperature aqueous Zn metal batteries.
Experience of Nurses in the Prevention of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Among Critically Ill Patients at Muhimbili National Hospital in Dar es Salaam
Authors: Zenas Joan , Mwakawanga Dorkasi , Ndomondo Mathew D. , Ndile Menti L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most common nosocomial infections that occur more than 48 hours after intubation and initiation of mechanical ventilation. It is associated with morbidity and mortality, increased health costs, and prolonged hospital stays. The estimated incidence of VAP globally is about 5-40% whereby in low and middle-income countries is about 47.9 per 1000 ventilator days. The prevention of VAP requires the successful implementation of VAP prevention strategies. However, there is limited literature about VAP prevention in hospitals in Tanzania. Therefore this study aimed to explore nurses’ experience in the prevention of VAP at a tertiary hospital in Tanzania.
Methods: An exploratory descriptive study design was conducted with 15 nurses who were purposefully recruited from medical and surgical ICUs. A semi-structured interview guide consisting of main questions and probes was used to collect data. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using an inductive thematic analytical approach.
Results and conclusion: Four main themes emerged; nurses’ roles in the prevention of VAP, nurses’ challenges toward care provision, nurses’ competency in implementing VAP prevention strategies, and enablers toward the implementation of VAP. The revealed prevention strategies were suctioning, early weaning, head of bed elevation of 30-45°, oral care, administration of medication, and implementation of IPC measures. The study has also revealed important barriers such are inadequate equipment, lack of VAP prevention protocols, shortage of staff, and inadequate knowledge. However, the major facilitators were responsible leadership, a quality control team, availability of IPC guidelines, and individual motivation. Therefore, we recommend that nurses update their knowledge on the prevention of VAP. Moreover, the hospital management should initiate training, prepare protocols and ensure a constant supply of equipment.
Socioeconomic Inequality in Awareness, Treatment and Control of Diabetes Among Adults in India: Evidence from National Family Health Survey of India (NFHS), 2019-2021
Authors: Maiti Suraj , Akhtar Shamrin , Upadhyay Ashish Kumar , Mohanty Sanjay K 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Diabetes is a growing epidemic and a major threat to most of the households in India. There is little evidence on awareness, treatment, and control (ATC) among adults in India is limited. We estimate the prevalence and ATC of diabetes among adults across various sociodemographic groups and states of India. We used 2,078,315 individuals aged 15 years and over from the recent fifth round of National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), 2019-21, that was carried out across all states of India. Diabetes individuals were identified as those who had random blood glucose above 140 mg/dL or taking diabetes medication or doctor diagnosed diabetes. Individuals who were measured as diabetic and (i) reported diagnosis were labelled as aware, (ii) reported taking medication for controlling blood glucose levels as treated and (iii) had measured blood glucose levels < 140 mg/dL as controlled. The estimates of diabetes prevalence, and ATC were age-sex adjusted, and disaggregated by household wealth quintile, education, age, sex, urban-rural, caste, religion, marital status, household size and state. Concentration indices was used to quantify socioeconomic inequalities and multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted differences in these outcomes. We estimated diabetes prevalence at 16.1% (15.9–16.1%). Among those with diabetes, 27.5% (27.1–27.9%) were aware, 21.5% (21.1–21.7%) were treated and 7% (6.8–7.1%) were under control. Across states of India, adjusted rates of ATC varied from 14.4% (12.1–16.8%) to 54.4% (40.3–68.4%), from 9.3% (7.5–11.1%) to 41.2% (39.9–42.6%), and from 2.7% (1.6–3.7%) to 11.9% (9.7–14.0%), respectively. Age–sex adjusted rates were lower (p < 0.001) in poorer, less educated, and social backward groups, as well as for male and residents of rural areas. Among individuals with diabetes, the richest fifth were 12.4 percentage points (pp) (11.3–13.4; p < 0.001), 10.5 pp (9.7–11.4; p < 0.001), and 2.3 pp (1.6-3.0; p < 0.001) more likely to be aware, getting treated, and having control, respectively, than the poorest fifth. The concentration index of ATC was 0.089 (0.085–0.092), 0.083 (0.079–0.085) and 0.017 (0.015–0.018) respectively. Overall, the ATC of diabetes is low in India. The ATC was much lower among adults belonging to poorer class and were less educated. Targeted intervention and management can reduce the diabetes burden in India.
Safety and status report of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with Wilson's disease.
Authors: Han Hui , Zhao Dan , Fang Xinru , Yang Wenming , Wang Mengli , Liu Qianzhuo , Wang Luyao , Ji Zhihui , Zhang Juan , Hou Zhifeng , Hua Lei , Wang Yu , Wu Limin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective
To examine the risk of exacerbation after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with Wilson's disease.
Methods
Collect the participants' characteristics and the current status of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. To compare the vaccination rates of Wilson's disease patients in different regions of China. To analyze the subjective reasons of patients who are not vaccinated. Differences in Unified Wilson's Disease Rating Scale (UWDRS) scores between vaccinated and unvaccinated patients were analyzed using independent samples t-tests. Paired samples t-tests were used to analyze whether there were differences in UWDRS scores before and after vaccination in vaccinated patients. The risk of increased UWDRS scores was evaluated using logistic regression.
Results
Among the 554 patients with Wilson's disease included in the study, the mean age was 25 years. 368 (66.4%) received at least one dose of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. 186 (33.6%) were not vaccinated. Patients with Wilson's disease chose not to receive the vaccine mainly because of the advice of the medical center (n = 83,44.6%), fear of worsening Wilson's disease symptoms (n = 63, 33.9%), and doubts about the effectiveness and safety of the vaccine (n = 40, 21.5%). There were no significant differences in UWDRS scores between vaccinated and unvaccinated patients (P > 0.05). There were also no differences in UWDRS scores before and after vaccination (P > 0.05). Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 was not significantly associated with increased scores of UWDRS (OR = 0.924, 95% CI: 0.336–2.540, P = 0.879), hepatic subscale (OR = 0.170, 95% CI: 0.148–3.027, P = 0.603), neurological subscale (OR = 1.322, 95% CI: 0.219–7.984, P = 0.761), and psychiatric subscale (OR = 1.011, 95% CI: 0.183–5.571, P = 0.990).
Conclusion
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was not significantly associated with aggravated liver, neurological, or mental damage in patients, which provides a basis for the safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. It also provides a reference for patients with other heavy metal metabolism disorders, nervous system damage, and other similar diseases to be vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2.
Optimal Use of Advanced Practice Providers at an Academic Medical Center: A First Year Retrospective Review
Authors: Kidd Vasco Deon , Amin Alpesh , Bhatia Nitin N , Healey Denise C , Fisher Courtney , Rafiq Mojgan , Gallegos Mary Jo Angelica E. , Munoz Kathrina M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Physician Assistants/Associates (PAs) and Nurse Practitioners (NPs) together known as advanced practice providers (APPs) practice with a high degree of clinical autonomy and professional respect, and play a critical role in team-based care. Aligning APP care delivery models to promote top-of-license practice is essential to improving ambulatory capacity and bottom-line expectations at Academic Medical Centers (AMCs) in the 21st century and beyond. This administrative quality improvement study assesses the downstream impact of restructuring our APP care models to promote independent practice sessions.
Methods
Our AMC formed an APP oversight committee in April 2021 to optimize the ambulatory care model, realign APP funds flow, and set performance standards to which PAs and NPs are being held accountable. Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNAs) were excluded from this analysis.
Results
APP productivity year-over-year (YOY) aggregate data across all School of Medicine (SOM) departments, demonstrated a 53% increase in work relative value units (wRVUs), 83% increase in payments, and 79% increase in charges from the prior fiscal year (July to June). Regarding APP ambulatory clinical effort, there was a 45% increase in the number of APP completed visits (90% return patient visits, 10% new visits). An increase in APP productivity (YOY) did not adversely impact patient satisfaction, physician compensation, or delay programmatic expansion efforts. Lastly, in a recent engagement survey, the majority of PA and NP respondents (78%) reported working either “most of the time” or “always” at the top-of- license.
Conclusion
This quality improvement study demonstrates that enhancement of PA and NP utilization through top-of-license initiatives can be achieved without jeopardizing physician compensation or performance. While we acknowledge, there are differences between healthcare institutions in terms of care delivery and compensation models, organizational culture, and distribution of clinical resources, there remains an opportunity among hospitals and health systems to optimize this critical and essential APP workforce.
Evaluation of Multi-target Drugs on the Cocaine-induced Locomotor Sensitization in Rats
Authors: Barbosa-Mendez Susana , Salazar-Juarez Alberto 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose — Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is a complex disease. Some suggest that multi-target drugs could be useful in the treatment of cocaine use disorder. Several studies have shown the efficacy of various multi-target-target drugs used in clinical studies to treat CUD; which integrate into their pharmacological profile the simultaneous NE or 5-HT receptors antagonism or agonism. However, the results of these studies have not shown results consistently. Thus, this study aimed to compare the efficacy of various multi-target drugs on cocaine-induced behavioral effects in rats.
Methods — Male Wistar rats received cocaine (10 mg/Kg; i.p.) during the induction and expression of locomotor sensitization. The MIR, PIN, FLX, RIS, TRZ, ZRP, OND, YOH, or PRZ were administered 30 minutes before cocaine. After each treatment, the locomotor activity was recorded for 30 minutes. In experiments 5 and 6, the animals were sacrificed after treatment administration. Dopamine levels were determined in the ventral striatum, the prefrontal cortex (PFc), and the ventral tegmental area (VTA) by high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) in animals treated with mirtazapine and cocaine. The quantification of c-fos immunoreactive cells was carried out by stereology analysis.
Results — In this study, we found mirtazapine generated a decrease in cocaine-induced locomotor activity of greater magnitude and duration compared to the other drugs evaluated. Also, at the optimal doses used the PIN, FLX, RIS, TRZ, ZRP, OND, YOH, or PRZfailed to attenuate long-term cocaine locomotor activation. In addition, mirtazapine decreased in the striatum, prefrontal cortex (PFc), and ventral-tegmental area (VTA) the amount of cocaine-induced extracellular dopamine and the number of cells immunoreactive to the Fos protein.
Conclusion — At the optimal doses of drugs evaluated, mirtazapine was the multi-target drug that showed the greatest long-term effects on cocaine-induced behavioral effects compared to other multi-target drugs.
Petrophysical and Textural Parameters of Calcarenitic Rocks in World Heritage Sites in Alexandria, Egypt
Authors: Hemeda Sayed 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The underground Greek and Roman monuments at Alexandria are all excavated in the plioquaternary calcarenite that constitutes the basement of the whole region. A few kilometers to the north of the city, quarries still provide this ornamental rock widely used by stone craftsmen. It is characterized by variable and high porosity (18–47%) and thus an elevated permeability, and generally bad geotechnical quality. Its chemical composition is very rich in calcium carbonates and its rough surface allows a high receptivity to the atmospheric gaseous pollutants and to hydrous marine sprays and sea water charged with various salts. The main purpose of this study is to understand influences of bulk structure of materials on water storage and transfer in order to assess durability and weathering. By analysis of linear correlations, some essential mechanisms should be underlined, which may connect the macrostructure to the microstructure of the material. A systematic method of analysis should clearly appear and emphasize the role of the structure (grain size, grain contact and pore shape) on physical and mechanical behavior. The main parameters leading to weathering should then be identified and models of correlations drawn. Correlations between the various physico-mechanical properties could ameliorate the possibilities to assess durability and weathering in the natural environment. Study of these sediments provides information about the origin, texture, distribution and composition which is used in the description of physiochemical and physio-mechanical properties. The contolloing factors in the physiochemical and physiomechanical properties of the Calcarenitic rocks are primarly composition, environment of deposition, microstructure characters, and physical properties.
On the parametrizations for the dissipation rate of the mean turbulence kinetic energy in stable conditions
Authors: Schiavon Mario , Barbano Francesco , Brogno Luigi , Leo Laura Sandra , Tampieri Francesco , Sabatino Silvana Di 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Observations acquired in the stable surface layer during two field experiments (The The Mountain Terrain Atmospheric Modeling and Observations Program and the Climate Change Tower Integrated Project) are considered to test different parametrizations of the dissipation rate of mean turbulence kinetic energy (TKE). Particular attention is dedicated to the effect of the submeso motions on these parametrizations. The analysis shows that TKE-based formulations are particularly prone to the submeso effect, whilst better results are obtained if the vertical velocity variance is considered. In the latter case, stability must be taken into account explicitly in Mellor-Yamada type parametrizations but not in shear-based formulations.
Radiation caries impacts morbidity and mortality outcomes in head and neck cancer survivors
Authors: Palmier Natália Rangel , Prado-Ribeiro Ana Carolina , Mariz Bruno Augusto , Rodrigues-Oliveira Letícia , Paglioni Mariana Pauli , Napimonga Juliana Trindade , Pedroso Caique Mariano , Morais-Faria Karina , Oliveira Maria Cecília Querido , Filho Aljomar José Vechiato , Brandão Thaís Bianca , Santos-Silva Alan Roger 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Radiation caries (RC) is a highly prevalent chronic complication of head and neck radiotherapy (HNRT) and a challenge for clinicians and patients. The present study aimed to assess the impact of RC on the morbidity and mortality outcomes of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients.
Methods: Patients were divided into 3 groups: RC (n=20), control (n=20) and edentulous (n=20). Information regarding the number of appointments, dental procedures, osteoradionecrosis (ORN), prescriptions, and hospital admissions werecollected. Mortality outcomes were assessed through disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates.
Results: RC patients required more dental appointments (p<0.001), restorations (p<0.001), extractions (p=0.001), and antibiotic and analgesic prescriptions (p<0.001). Kaplan–Meier subgroup analyses showed a significantly impaired risk of ORN in RC compared to edentulous patients (p=0.015). RC presented lower DFS rates (46.5 months) than the control and edentulous groups (53.5 and 52.8 months, respectively).
Conclusion: RC impacts morbidity outcomes for cancer survivors due to increased demand for medication prescriptions, multiple specialized dental appointments, invasive surgical treatments, risk of ORN, and hospital admissions.
Disease characteristics of 70 patients with Kimura disease
Authors: Zhang Wenhui , Zhai Yaling , Tian Huijuan , Sun Shuaigang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective
To analyze the disease characteristics of patients with Kimura disease (KD) and provide reference for clinical practice.
Methods
Laboratory data of 70 patients with KD diagnosed based on pathology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from August 2012 to December 2021 were collected. Clinical manifestations, renal involvement, treatments, and risk factors for recurrence were analyzed.
Results
Among the 70 patients, 61 were male and 9 were female; 61.4% of patients (43/70) had focal masses only in the head and neck region and 30.0% (21/70) had masses not restricted to the head and neck; 52.9% (37/70) had pruritus. The proportion of eosinophils in peripheral blood was elevated in 80.0% of patients (56/70), and the level of serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E was increased in 96% (24/25). Renal damage was a complication in 21.8% of patients (12/55). Serum albumin and total protein levels were significantly lower in patients with as compared to those without renal impairment. Of the 70 patients, 37 had disease recurrence following treatment (surgical resection, oral corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, radiotherapy, or combinations thereof). Risk factors for KD recurrence were percentage of eosinophils in peripheral blood ≥ 20%, maximum diameter of masses ≥ 3 cm, and masses at multiple sites (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
KD is a systemic disease involving multiple organs, especially the kidney. A better understanding of disease pathogenesis can lead to the development of effective treatments that improve the prognosis of patients.