bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metformin ameliorates olanzapine-induced obesity and glucose intolerance by regulating hypothalamic inflammation and microglial activation in female mice
Authors: Suh Sang Bum , Lee Nayoung , Kim Jaedeok , Kim Saeha , Jang Sooyeon , Park Jong Kook , Lee Keunwook , Choi Soo Young , Kwon Hyung-Joo , Lee Chan Hee 
Published: October 2022

Olanzapine (OLZ), a widely used second-generation antipsychotic drug, is known to cause metabolic side effects, including diabetes and obesity. Interestingly, OLZ-induced metabolic side effects have been demonstrated to be more profound in females in human studies and animal models. Metformin (MET) is often used as a medication for the metabolic side effects of OLZ. However, the mechanisms underlying OLZ-induced metabolic disturbances and their treatment remain unclear. Recent evidence has suggested that hypothalamic inflammation is a key component of the pathophysiology of metabolic disorders. On this background, we conducted this study with the following three objectives: 1) to investigate whether OLZ can independently induce hypothalamic microgliosis; 2) to examine whether there are sex-dependent differences in OLZ-induced hypothalamic microgliosis; and 3) to examine whether MET affects hypothalamic microgliosis. We found that administration of OLZ for 5 days induced systemic glucose intolerance and hypothalamic microgliosis and inflammation. Of note, both hypothalamic microglial activation and systemic glucose intolerance were far more evident in female mice than in male mice. The administration of MET attenuated hypothalamic microglial activation and prevented OLZ-induced systemic glucose intolerance and hypothalamic leptin resistance. Minocycline, a tetracycline derivative that prevents microgliosis, showed similar results when centrally injected. Our findings reveal that OLZ induces metabolic disorders by causing hypothalamic inflammation and that this inflammation is alleviated by MET administration.
Therapeutic effect of chinese herbal medicine gu-ben-hua-shi (AESS) formula on atopic dermatitis through regulation of yes-associated protein
Authors: Jia Jinjing , Feng Luyao , Ye Siqi , Ping Ruiyue , Mo Xiumei , Zhang Yu , Li Xiong , Chen Dacan 
Published: October 2022

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and recurrent skin disease. At present, there is a lack of sufficiently effective and safe medicines that can be used for a prolonged time and reduce the recurrence of AD. The Gu-Ben-Hua-Shi (AESS) formula has been used for many years with a good clinical effect on AD but its specific treatment mechanism is unknown.Methods: The main components of AESS were analyzed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). The composition of AESS compounds in the serum from rats was analyzed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. An AD mouse model was constructed using 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene stimulation in Balb/C mice and the effect on the reduction of skin lesions and Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg balance after AESS administration were measured. The effects of AESS serum on the proliferation and apoptosis of keratinocyte cell line HaCaT and adhesion of HaCaT to human monocyte cell line THP-1 were detected in an IFN-γ/TNF-α stimulated AD-like inflammatory cell model. The effects of Yes-associated protein (YAP) expression on the therapeutic effect and a related signaling pathway were also investigated.Results: In total, 10 components were confirmed using UPLC, namely five organic acids, three flavonoids, and two chromogenic ketones. Additionally, the similarity of the three batches of samples (S1–3) was above 0.98, indicating that the formula samples have good uniformity. These 10 compounds were also detected in rat serum, suggesting that they are absorbed into rat blood as prototype components. Furthermore, AESS effectively reduced the skin lesions in the AD mouse model, regulated the Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg imbalance, improved the proliferation ability of the AD-like cell model, and inhibited HaCaT apoptosis and adhesion to THP-1 cells. It also reduced the expression of YAP in Th17 and Treg cells of the mouse spleen and increased YAP expression in the skin. The change in YAP expression in keratinocytes weakened the curative effect of AESS, and AESS exerted its effects through the NF-κB signaling pathway.Conclusion: AESS may play a role in the treatment of AD by affecting the expression of YAP. These findings can be used to promote its use as an alternative medication for prolonged use with fewer side effects.
Endocrine disruptors affect the expression of estrogen receptor genes and proteins in the white cloud mountain minnow Tanichthys albonubes (Teleostei: Cyprinidae)
Authors: Ke Chen , Meilin Chen , Guangzhi Ma , Yuqin Fan , Lin Liu , Weiting Chen 
Published: October 2022

The endocrine disruptor chemicals (EDCs) are ubiquitous in the environment, and it has raised wide public concern because of the dangers of EDCs for living organisms and the environment. In order to comparatively study the effects of EDCs [17-α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), Bisphenol A (BPA) and Nonylphenol (NP)] on the expression of estrogen receptors (ERs: erα, erβ1, and erβ2) at mRNA and protein level, total 520 adult Tanichthys albonubes were exposed to E2, EE2, BPA and NP with three concentrations respectively: EE2 (1, 5, 25 ng/l), NP (10, 50, 250 μg/l), BPA (100, 500, 2,500 μg/l) for 28 days, E2 (2, 20, 200 ng/l) being as the positive control. After treatment, the brain, eye, gill, heart, liver, gut, kidney, muscle, testis, and ovary were collected, following by the real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blot methods to detect the expression levels of erα, erβ1, and erβ2 in T.albonubes at mRNA and protein level. Our results showed that high expression of terα (t means T.albonubes), terβ1, and terβ2 were detected in liver, while terβ1 and terβ2 mainly expressed in the liver, intestine, kidney, muscle and testis. EE2, BPA, and NP treatment all up-regulated the expression of terα, terβ1, and terβ2 in the brain, liver, and testis, but with some variations. Similar to mRNA level, both TERα and TERβ were up-regulated by all the EE2, BPA, and NP treatment with dose-dependent effect. In conclusion, the responses of ERs of T.albonubes to the EDCs present measurability and susceptibility, which make it possible for T. albonubes to be an efficient biomarker to monitor and evaluate the pollution of endocrine disrupting chemicals in water environment.
Light thinning can improve soil water availability and water holding capacity of plantations in alpine mountains
Authors: Gao Yuan , He Zhibin , Zhu Xi , Chen Longfei , Du Jun 
Published: October 2022

The establishment of large-scale forest plantations in the arid and semi-arid area of the Qilian Mountains in China has effectively protected water and soil resources and enhanced carbon sequestration capacity of forest ecosystems. However, the effects of different management practices in these plantations on soil water holding capacity (SWHC) and soil water availability (SWA) are uncertain in this fragile ecosystem. Here, we investigated the effects of no thinning (NT), light thinning (LT, 20% thinning intensity), and heavy thinning (HT, 40% thinning intensity) on SWHC and SWA in different soil depths of a forest plantation, and compared them to those in a natural Picea crassifolia forest (NF). Our results revealed that at low soil water suction stage, SWHC in the plantations (LT, HT, and NT) was greater in the topsoil layer (0-40 cm) than that in the NF site, while SWHC in the subsoil layer (40-80 cm) in NF was significantly greater than that in the thinning stands. At medium and high-water suction stage, SWHC in LT and NF stands was greater than that in HT and NT. Soil water characteristic curves fitted by VG model showed that the relative change in soil water content in LT topsoil layer was the smallest and SWHC was greatest. Changes in soil physicochemical properties included higher bulk density and lower total porosity, which reduced the number of macropores in the soil and affected SWHC. The bulk density, total porosity, silt content, and field capacity were the main factors jointly affecting SWA. High planting density was the main reason for the low SWA and SWHC in NT, but this can be alleviated by stand thinning. Overall, 20% thinning intensity (light intensity thinning) may be an effective forest management practice to optimize SWHC and SWA in P. crassifolia plantations to alleviate soil water deficits.
Efficiency of attentional processes in attention network theory and autistic symptoms in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Pudło Monika , Pisula Ewa 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundAttentional impairments in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have been studied extensively, particularly in toddlers and young children. Attentional processes in teenagers with ASD are not fully understood, nor are the relationships between attentional deficits and ASD symptoms in this group.MethodThe aim of this study was to measure the attentional characteristics that attention network theory posits as being related to attention processes: alerting, orientating, and executive attention. We included 37 adolescents (aged 12–20) with ASD and Wechsler IQ in the normal range (≥70) and 37 neurotypical counterparts (NT) matched in terms of age, gender, and IQ. Symptoms of ASD were measured using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule – Second Edition (ADOS-2) and Autism Diagnostic Interview – Revised (ADI-R).ResultsThe adolescents with ASD reacted more slowly in all task conditions of the Attention Network Test and committed more errors in six of seven task conditions of this test. There were no group differences in the effects of alerting, orienting, and executive attention. We found moderate correlations of the effect of executive attention with three scales of ADOS-2 (communication, social functioning, and restricted behavior), as well as with the social scale and restricted behavior of ADI-R.ConclusionThe results indicate that adolescents with ASD performed tasks requiring alerting and orienting attention less efficiently than their counterparts in terms of correctness and reaction time. The relationships between executive attention measures and communication and social affect is discussed.
Post-traumatic growth experience of first-line emergency nurses infected with COVID-19 during the epidemic period—A qualitative study in Shanghai, China
Authors: Jiang Jinxia , Han Peng , Huang Xiangdong , Liu Yue , Shao Haiyan , Zeng Li , Duan Xia 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundIn March 2022, Shanghai, China, was hit by a severe wave of SARS-CoV-2 transmission caused by the Omicron variant strain. The medical staff was greatly infected during this period, which posed a traumatic event for them. Meanwhile, they also experience post-traumatic growth under introspection and positive change. However, the psychological coping and growth after infection with COVID-19 among medical staff have rarely been investigated.ObjectivesTo explore the process and influencing factors of post-traumatic growth among emergency nurses infected with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) so as to provide a new perspective and theoretical basis for psychological rehabilitation or intervention for medical staff who experienced traumatic events.MethodsThe study used a qualitative design based on the phenomenological approach. A purposive sampling method was used to explore the subjective feelings and post-traumatic growth among 13 first-line emergency nurses infected with COVID-19 in Shanghai, China. Semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted in June 2022. A Seven-step Colaizzi process was used for data analysis.ResultsThemes were described and extracted from the experience and insights at different stages during the fight against the virus. Three main themes, i.e., stress period, adjustment period, and growth period, as well as several sub-themes, were identified.ConclusionFirst-line emergency nurses infected with COVID-19 are a sensitive group that should be given more attention. Investigating how they achieve psychological adjustment and growth in the case of severe trauma can provide valuable references for nursing management and education in the future. Society, hospital and nursing managers should pay more attention to the PTG of nurses and establish supportive PTG strategies, which will benefit the retention rate and career development of nurses.
Post-concussive symptoms mediate the relationship between sleep problems and participation restrictions among veterans with mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Kinney Adam R. , Yan Xiang-Dong , Schneider Alexandra L. , King Samuel , Forster Jeri E. , Bahraini Nazanin , Brenner Lisa A. 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundSleep problems are common among Veterans with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and may contribute to participation restrictions. However, explanatory mechanisms underlying this relationship are poorly understood. Sleep problems are associated with post-concussive symptoms (e.g., headaches). In turn, post-concussive symptoms contribute to participation restrictions. We hypothesized that post-concussive symptom severity mediates the purported relationship between sleep problems and participation restrictions among Veterans with mTBI.Materials and MethodsThis study was a retrospective analysis of clinical data among 8,733 Veterans with mTBI receiving Veterans Health Administration outpatient care. Sleep problems (yes/no) were identified using the sleep-related item from the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI). Post-concussive symptoms were measured using remaining NSI items. Participation restrictions were measured using the Mayo-Portland Adaptability Inventory Participation Index. We specified a latent variable path model to estimate relationships between: (1) sleep problems and three latent indicators of post-concussive symptoms [vestibular-sensory (e.g., headache)]; mood-behavioral [e.g., anxiety]; cognitive [e.g., forgetfulness]); and, (2) the three latent indicators of post-concussive symptoms and two latent indicators of participation restrictions (social and community participation [e.g., leisure activities]; productivity [e.g., financial management]). We examined the indirect effects of sleep problems upon participation restrictions, as mediated by post-concussive symptoms. Estimates were adjusted for sociodemographic factors (e.g., age), injury characteristics (e.g., blast), and co-morbid conditions (e.g., depression).Results87% of Veterans reported sleep problems. Sleep problems were associated with greater social and community participation restrictions, as mediated by mood-behavioral (β = 0.41, p &lt; 0.001) and cognitive symptoms (β = 0.13, p &lt; 0.001). There was no evidence that vestibular-sensory symptoms mediated this relationship (β = -0.01, p = 0.48). Sleep problems were associated with greater productivity restrictions, as mediated by vestibular-sensory (β = 0.16, p &lt; 0.001) and cognitive symptoms (β = 0.14, p &lt; 0.001). There was no evidence that mood-behavioral symptoms mediated this relationship (β = 0.02, p = 0.37).DiscussionFindings suggest that evidence-based sleep treatment should occupy a prominent role in the rehabilitation of Veterans with mTBI. Indirect effects of sleep problems differed when considering impact on social and community participation vs. productivity, informing individualized rehabilitative care for Veterans with mTBI.
LVAC: Learned volumetric attribute compression for point clouds using coordinate based networks
Authors: Isik Berivan , Chou Philip A. , Hwang Sung Jin , Johnston Nick , Toderici George 
Published: October 2022

We consider the attributes of a point cloud as samples of a vector-valued volumetric function at discrete positions. To compress the attributes given the positions, we compress the parameters of the volumetric function. We model the volumetric function by tiling space into blocks, and representing the function over each block by shifts of a coordinate-based, or implicit, neural network. Inputs to the network include both spatial coordinates and a latent vector per block. We represent the latent vectors using coefficients of the region-adaptive hierarchical transform (RAHT) used in the MPEG geometry-based point cloud codec G-PCC. The coefficients, which are highly compressible, are rate-distortion optimized by back-propagation through a rate-distortion Lagrangian loss in an auto-decoder configuration. The result outperforms the transform in the current standard, RAHT, by 2–4 dB and a recent non-volumetric method, Deep-PCAC, by 2–5 dB at the same bit rate. This is the first work to compress volumetric functions represented by local coordinate-based neural networks. As such, we expect it to be applicable beyond point clouds, for example to compression of high-resolution neural radiance fields.
Factors influencing treatment decisions in HIFU treatment of adenomyosis: A retrospective study
Authors: Zhong Qiao , Yang Mei-Jie , Hu Yan , Jiang Li , Yu Jing-Wen , Chen Jin-Yun , Chen Wen-Zhi 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveTo explore the influencing factors of decision-making in patients with adenomyosis, who are receiving high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment.MethodsA total of 776 patients with adenomyosis were enrolled into HIFU group (241 cases) and hysterectomy group (535 cases) according to the treatment methods. The general data, clinical symptoms, marital and childbearing history, and economic status were compared between the two groups, and factors with P &lt; 0.05 were introduced into multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine the determinants of patients choosing HIFU.ResultsThe average age of the patients in the HIFU group was 39.1 ± 5.2 years, which was lower than that in the hysterectomy group, which was 45.1 ± 3.9 years (P &lt; 0.05). The basic medical insurance for urban workers in the HIFU group was more than the hysterectomy group (P &lt; 0.05). 95.9% of the hysterectomy group had no desire to have children, compared to 60.6% of the HIFU group, the difference was significant (P &lt; 0.05). The treatment costs of HIFU group were significantly lower than that of hysterectomy group (P &lt; 0.05). The main symptoms of the two groups were dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, and secondary anemia. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that 31–40 years old, fertility desire, dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, anemia and dizziness and fatigue were the influencing factors for the decision-making of HIFU for patients with adenomyosis.Conclusion31–40 years old, fertility desire, dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, anemia and dizziness and fatigue were the influencing factors for patients to choose HIFU treatment. HIFU therapy has emerged as a new option for patients with adenomyosis as an alternative to hysterectomy.
Development of fluoride materials for neutron detection
Authors: Kawaguchi Noriaki , Kato Takumi , Nakauchi Daisuke , Yanagida Takayuki 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We have studied various lithium containing fluoride materials as neutron scintillators for the last 15 years. Fluoride scintillator samples were prepared by melt growth techniques and their scintillation properties were investigated under thermal neutron irradiation. Developed fluoride scintillators show non-hygroscopicities and full-absorption peaks in the pulse height spectra under thermal neutron irradiation. The highest light yield among the samples was approximately 40000 photons/neutron. Several fluoride materials can be used as a non-hygroscopic neutron scintillators.
The Control over Perception of Mass Violence through Strategic Labelling
Authors: Budianto Lilian 
Published: October 2022

This paper examines the creation and use of names that refer to a mass violence in Indonesia that occurred in May 1998 in several cities. The media has dubbed the event the May 1998 riots. Alternative names have been widely used and each represents either a different portrayal of the event or social political stance towards the event. Using discourse analysis, this paper will demonstrate how the choice of names affects presentation of the event, recognition of what actually happened and the identification of parties involved, both the perpetrator and the victim. The labels assigned by the media to the event serve to promote certain points of view, shape social narrative and influence readers’ understanding of political violence. This paper found that the use of May 1998 as the token has blurred the nature of the event that is arguably politically motivated and downplayed the violence suffered by a particular group targeted during the riots.
Abstrak
Tulisan ini meneliti penggunaan nama untuk peristiwa kekerasan massa di Indonesia yang terjadi pada bulan Mei 1998 di beberapa kota. Media massa pada umumnya menggunakan nama Kerusuhan Mei 1998 untuk merujuk pada peristiwa tersebut. Beberapa nama alternatif juga dipergunakan secara luas dan masing-masing nama merepresentasikan gambaran atau pandangan sosial politis yang berbeda terhadap peristiwa tersebut. Penulis akan menggunakan analisa diskursus untuk menunjukkan bagaimana penamaan berpengaruhterhadap presentasi peristiwa, pengakuan atas apa yang terjadi dan pengidentifi kasian pihak-pihak yang terlibat, baik sebagai pelaku maupun korban. Label yang diberikan oleh media massa terhadap peristiwa tersebut berperan dalam membentuk narasi sosial dan mempengaruhi pemahaman pembaca akan kejadian tersebut. Tulisan ini menemukan bahwa penggunaan Mei 1998 sebagai penanda pada penamaan telah mengaburkan peristiwa yang dilatarbelakangi unsur politis tersebut dan juga menyampingkan kekerasan yang dialami oleh kelompok tertentu selama kerusuhan.
Influence of directional wave spreading on a WEC device
Authors: Faraggiana Emilio , Chapman John , Masters Ian 
Published: October 2022

Wave Energy Converter (WEC) performance is generally sensitive to the wave direction. So, it is important to include the effect of multi-directional waves in numerical modelling. A realistic representation of ocean waves should account for wave height and directional spreading parameters specific to the WEC deployment location. A high quality generalised directional distribution is dependent on the wave direction and frequency. Here we compare the power produced, the wave field, and the motion of the WaveSub device for different frequency-directional distribution cases. Directional spreading has been modelled using different model distributions such as the uniform cosine fourth, Mitsuyasu, Hasselman and Donelan-Banner. The hydrodynamic coefficients are computed for all wave directions using Nemoh. Then, the WEC-Sim code has been extended to add the capability to simulate different user selected frequency-directional spreading. The excitation force applied to each hydrodynamic body is updated to account for the effect of the directional spectrum. Results show that power produced is generally 10-20% lower than a single direction case. The motion of the device demonstrates the introduction of sway, roll, and yaw for the directional spreading simulations while the resultant wavefield is more uniform compared to the non-directional case. Computational time is significantly lower than comparable CFD approaches and this makes this method particularly effective.