bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors of in-home unintentional injuries among 0-6-year-old children in China: a cross-sectional survey based on Bronfenbrenner’s ecological system theory
Authors: Ma Yihan , Song Juan , Hu Ming , Yang Rusi , Yang Panzi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
In-home unintentional injuries (IUIs) seriously threatened children’s safety. Three factors, including risky behaviors, parental supervision, and home environmental risks, have been identified as major causes for IUIs. Studies considering the interrelations between the three were limited and no relative studies has been carried out among Chinese children.
Objective
To fully explore the influences of behavioral, supervisory and environmental risk factors on IUIs and their associations among Chinese children on the bases of our self-developed scales.
Methods
Through stratified cluster sampling, a cross-sectional survey was conducted with 798 parents of children aged 0 ~ 6 years in Changsha, China. Social demographics and IUIs history in the past year were collected by self-administered questionnaires. Three IUI-related scales, which had been developed and validated by our team, aimed to measure risks from children behavior, parental supervision and in-home environment. Structural equation models were constructed to analyze the relationship of these factors and their influences on IUIs using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 22.0.
Results
798 parents were surveyed in total, and 33.58% of them reported with IUIs history of their children. The comparative fit index (CFI), goodness-of-fit index (GFI) and the root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) for the model of the whole children were 0.879, 0.878 and 0.069 respectively, indicating an acceptable level of model fit. Direct influences were discovered between risky behaviors and children’s IUIs. Home environmental risks indirectly exerted impacts on IUIs by the mediating effect of risky behaviors, while the significant effect of parental supervision only existed in children aged 4–6 and girls.
Conclusions
Risky behaviors played a mediating role in IUIs among children. Supervision and environmental risks affected IUIs indirectly by the exposure to risky behaviors. Parental supervision may not be able to offset the risks posed by the environmental and behavioral factors, so effective IUIs prevention strategies should focus on behavioral and environmental interventions, with appropriate supervision strategies based on the age and sex characteristics of the child.
Regulation of the p38-MAPK pathway by hyperosmolarity and by WNK kinases
Authors: Rotin Daniela , Liu Zetao , Demian Wael , Persaud Avinash , Subramanaya Arohan R. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
p38-MAPK is a stress-response kinase activated by hyperosmolarity. Here we interrogated the pathways involved. We show that p38-MAPK signaling is activated by hyperosmotic stimulation in various solutions, cell types and colonic organoids. Hyperosmolarity sensing is detected at the level of the upstream activators of p38-MAPK: TRAF2/ASK1 (but not Rac1) and MKK3/6/4. While WNK kinases are known osmo-sensors, we found, unexpectedly, that short (2 hrs) inhibition of WNKs (with WNK463) led to elevated p38-MAPK activity under hyperosmolarity, which was mediated by WNK463-dependent stimulation of TAK1 or TRAF2/ASK1, the upstream activators of MKK3/6/4. However, this effect was temporary and was reversed by long-term (2 days) incubation with WNK463. Accordingly, 2 days (but not 2 hrs) inhibition of p38-MAPK or its upstream activators ASK1 or TAK1, or WNKs, diminished regulatory volume increase (RVI) following cell shrinkage under hyperosmolarity. We also show that RVI mediated by the ion transporter NKCC1 is dependent on p38-MAPK. Since WNKs are known activators of NKCC1, we propose a WNK->NKCC1->p38-MAPK pathway that controls RVI. This pathway is augmented by NHE1. Additionally, hyperosmolarity inhibited mTORC1 activation and cell proliferation. Thus, hyperosmotic activation of p38-MAPK and WNKs is important for RVI and for cell proliferation.
Two targets that play a role in the immune microenvironment of breast cancer
Authors: Wang Li-Ning , Zhou Ya-Qing , Li Yue-Xuan , Zhang Qing , Wang Lu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Breast cancer (BRCA) is a malignancy that occurs in breast epithelium or ductal epithelium. The progression of BRCA is greatly influenced by the tumor microenvironment (TME). Studies have shown that Pachymic acid (PA) had an inhibitory effect on the proliferation and metastasis of BRCA cells and could also enhance immunity. We planned to use the methods of network pharmacology and bio-information analysis to clarify the role of this molecule in the TME of BRCA and its target. We predicted the potential targets of PA. In addition, by comparing the cancer profiles in the The Tumor Genome Atlas (TCGA) genome with normal profiles, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained. At the intersection of predicted targets and DEGs were 16 important genes. Enrichment analysis and survival analysis were performed on these genes. Two hub genes were found in combination with the RNA-seq expression and protein expression in T cell subsets by Immunohistochemical analysis. Finally, we used the GSE42568 data to construct a risk prediction model and obtained independent prognostic indicators. And we identified two PA targets that played a role in the TME, thus providing new ideas for research on BRCA.
Global Burden of Tuberculosis From 1990 to 2019
Authors: Chen Yuqian , Liu Jin , Zhang Qianqian , Wang Qingting , Chai Limin , Wang Yan , Li Danyang , Qiu Yuanjie , Chen Huan , Wang Jian , Xie Xinming , Li Manxiang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundTuberculosis especially drug resistance tuberculosis is the most pervasive infectious diseases worldwide. Studies examining the scope, variation and influence factor of the worldwide burden of tuberculosis and drug resistance status are lacking.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, epidemiologic data were gathered using the Global Health Data Exchange query tool, covering persons of all ages with tuberculosis in 204 countries and 21 regions from January 1, 1990, to December 31, 2019; data analysis was completed on December 1, 2022. All participants met the Global Burden of Disease Study inclusion criteria. We analyzed the incidence, mortality and variation trends and influence factor of drug-susceptible and drug-resistant tuberculosis at global, regional and national levels using data from 1990 to 2019.ResultsOutcomes included incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) by drug-resistance type. Measures were stratified by region, country and socio-demographic index (SDI). The estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) and age-standardized rates (ASR) were calculated to evaluate the temporal trends. We also provide the association of age-standardized incidence rates of tuberculosis and the incidence proportion of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) with SDI.ConclusionWe found the incidence, deaths and DALYs for tuberculosis appeared to decrease annually, but the increasing incidence and deaths of drug-resistant tuberculosis in all SDI quintiles raises notable points, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This study suggests an increasing global burden of tuberculosis. And the geographic disparities may provide support for tuberculosis health care planning and resource allocation.
Genetic differences between populations of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella from different geographic regions in India inferred from mitochondrial COI gene sequence
Authors: Sharma Kuldeep , Mahla M. K. , Jain Devendra , S Ramesh Babu , Saini V. P. , Ojha M. L. , Ahir K. C. , Singh Beerendra , Kumar Vijay , Kumar Sandeep , Jagawat Swati , Cheema Rupinder Singh 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
A Study on the Shh-related signal factor in mouse embryonic palatal process by dexamethasone and vitamin B12
Authors: He Wei , Feng Wenxuan , Chen Jingjing , Wang Shilin , Song Qinggao , Wang Fang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective To explore the regulatory relationship between Shh-related signal pathway cytokines and cell cycle regulator, and primary cilia depolymerization factors, especially in the pregnant mice treated with dexamethasone and its antagonist vitamin B12 during the palatogenesis phase. Methods C57BL/6J pregnant mice received intraperitoneal injections of saline (blank control group), dexamethasone (dexamethasone group), vitamin B12 (vitamin B12 group), or vitamin B12+dexamethasone (dexamethasone + vitamin B12 group), at a critical period of palatal development during pregnancy. Fusion of the palatal process was observed in each group of mice at embryonic days 13.5 and 17.5. The differences in Smo, Ptch1, Cyclin D1, and Aurora-A expression were quantified by Western blot. Results Dexamethasone delayed the development of the embryonic palatal process, which resulted in cleft palate. Meanwhile, vitamin B12 intervention restored the development progress of the embryonic palatal process to a certain extent. Western blot results showed downregulated expression of Ptch1, Aurora A, and Cyclin D1 in the dexamethasone group, compared to the control group (P<0.01); no significant change in the expression of Smo was observed (P>0.05). Compared to the dexamethasone group, the expression of Ptch1, Aurora A, and Cyclin D1 in the dexamethasone + vitamin B12 group was upregulated (P < 0.01), but no difference in Smo expression was observed (P>0.05). No significant difference in the expression of each target protein was found between the vitamin B12 group and the control group (P>0.05). Conclusion Dexamethasone suppressed Shh downstream signal transmission and primary cilia depolymerization in the embryonic palatal shelf of mice, thereby inhibiting the expression of Cyclin D1 and reducing the proliferation of mouse embryonic palatal cells. Vitamin B12 antagonized the inhibitory effect of dexamethasone by upregulating the expression of related factors.
Peripheral mononuclear cells composition in platelet-rich fibrin in canines with chronic conditions
Authors: Jasineviciute Indre , Grigas Juozas , Ziukaite Gintare , Pautienius Arnoldas , Razukevicius Dainius , Zymantiene Judita , Stankevicius Arunas 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a hot research topic because of its regenerative effect in humans. However, data reporting about its application in companion animals is lacking . The aim of the study was to supplement currently available data on PRF cell composition in canine patients by isolating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), namely T cells, matured B cells, monocytes and macrophages, and adapting current protocols of cell flow cytometry for PRF analysis. Canine patient population was divided into three subgroups: animals with periodontitis only, animals with neoplasia and periodontitis, and healthy controls. Individual clinical parameters of the patients and evaluation of the wound healing quality were included in the research. In the present study, canine PRF cell composition was analyzed for the first-time using cell flow cytometry protocol. A higher proportion of PBMC cells related to wound healing (CD3+, CD3+CD4+CD8-, CD14+) were found in the PRF of control, periodontitis and neoplasia groups compared to the respective blood samples which implies a positive outcome associated with clinical PRF usage in canine patients. Proportions of monocytes and macrophages were higher in PRF samples compared to blood of healthy patients and periodontitis affected patients, however, inflammatory and neoplastic processes have no effect on proportion distribution of PBMC.
Continuous Single-Sign-On (CSSO) method for authentication and authorization in microservices architectures
Authors: MARTIN AZANGUEZET QUIMATIO BENOIT , AUVARIQUE NDANTENG TCHAKOUNTÉ , FIDÈLE TSOGNONG , NKENLIFACK MARCELLIN JULIUS 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In order to maintain a competitive edge, companies have adopted the microservices architecture to enable them to quickly add new functionality and application integrations. This is an architectural design pattern that consists of structuring a computer application into different autonomous services, which can be deployed and managed independently of each other. To secure access to the different services, most microservices applications delegate this function to an identity server which ensures authentication and authorization. However, the security offered by identity servers is subject to two essential flaws. The principle of single sign-on (SSO), which consists of authenticating once to access all the system's services, can quickly extend the scope of an identity theft attack to all these services. The access control implemented by these identity servers remains based on the principle of trusting the administrators. And so, any compromise of the administrator account would contribute to putting the system out of control. To overcome these security flaws in microservices we propose an approach based on continuous authentication mechanism called Continuous - Single - Sign - On (CSSO), which allows to authenticate a user throughout his session and not only at the connection time. This work finds its application in microservices and cloud security.CCS CONCEPTS • Security and Privacy• Software and its engineering • Information Systems
To Be Powerful Without the Means of Power
Authors: Bottiroli Silvia , Piazza Livia Andrea 
Published: April 2022

This article inquires into the tension between power as restriction and power as empowerment, as investigated by means of performance in two works: aCORdo by Alice Ripoll and Azdora by Markus Öhrn. These works, which offer a glimpse of the possible shifts from ‘power over’ to ‘power to,’ are put into dialogue with feminist thinkers Luisa Muraro and Rosi Braidotti. Their concepts of authority as a way ‘to be powerful without the means of power’ and of potentia as ‘the capability of enduring and resisting’ are oriented to think power as oriented to the construction of possibilities and relationships. The two performances give to these concepts a body marked by a specific identity: the poor man of colour and the industrious housewife. Yet, rather than setting at the centre the bodies themselves, the works complexify the relationships around them. Through the theatre device, they flip around a set of relations between fixed identities and open them up to often unnoticed ways of performing power and authority, embed their transformation process in a radical relationality, and set the conditions for the experience of an affirmative potentia.
Exploring the socioeconomic determinants of water security in developing regions
Authors: Nkiaka Elias 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe objectives of this study are two fold: first, to develop a composite water security metric to assess water security at a national scale, and second, to explore the determinants of water security at the same scale in three developing regions – Africa, Asia-Pacific and Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). The water security index (WSI) was developed using three biophysical (water availability, climate risk and ecosystem vitality) and two socioeconomic (water accessibility and integrated water resources management) variables. Five independent variables (governance, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, percentage of urban population, official development assistance for water and sanitation services (ODA-WSS) and female primary school completion rate) were used to explore the determinants of water security. Results show that &gt;90% of countries in Africa and the Asia-Pacific regions are water-insecure, whereas most countries in LAC are water-secure except Haiti, Guatemala and Nicaragua. Statistical analyses show that GDP per capita, female primary school completion rate and governance are the key determinants of water security. This study provides empirical evidence on the link between female primary school completion rate and water security. Results further show a strong correlation between water security and ODA-WSS in the region with a higher ODA-WSS per capita than in regions with a low ODA-WSS per capita. This suggests that increasing ODA-WSS per capita may enhance water security in developing regions.
Comparative Study on Synthesis and Biological, Pharmaceutical Applications of Aromatic Substituted Chalcones
Authors: Borge Vikas V. , Patil Raju M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:Chalcones(1, 3, diaryl-2-propen-1-ones) are prominent compounds and therefore, various procedures have been worked out for their synthesis. This review highlights the synthesis and pharmacological properties of chalcone derivatives. Chalcones are flavonoids that have been studied extensively for their medicinal and biological properties. These chalcone derivatives have shown important antimalarial, anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antituberculosis, anticonvulsant, antileishmanial, and anti-HIV properties. The new structural classes of compounds may prove to be lead molecules and good candidates for future investigations.
Does Maternal High-dose Vitamin D Supplementation During Pregnancy
Increase Linear Growth Among Infants at One Year? - A Systematic
Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Halima Oumma , Islam Saiful , Nowar Abira , Rahman Tanjina 
Published: April 2022

Background:
In pregnancy, maternal vitamin D deficiency has been associated with
adverse birth outcomes worldwide and has become a major public health concern. However, the
linkage between maternal prenatal vitamin D status and post-natal linear growth, particularly in
infancy, is inconclusive and ambiguous.

Objective:
This study aims to systematically identify, appraise, and synthesize available evidence
regarding the effect of maternal vitamin D supplementation on infants’ linear growth at one year.

Methods:
A systematic electronic search of Medline and Embase databases was undertaken from
the OVID platform. The risk of bias in the selected studies was assessed using the risk of bias
(RoB) tool introduced and recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration.

Results:
A quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis) was determined using RevMan. After screening,
only two studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria, comprising a total of 93 infants: (296 from
mothers receiving vitamin D and 297 from mothers receiving placebo). One RCT found a 0.8 cm
gain in length whereas the second RCT found infants to be 0.23 cm shorter compared to their
placebo counterparts. A meta-analysis also could not detect a significant difference in length.
However, the pooled result favored infants (0.19 cm taller) born to mothers receiving prenatal
vitamin D.

Conclusion:
The quality of overall evidence for the outcome ‘infant length at 1 year’-as
assessed using the GRADE approach was low. Maternal high-dose vitamin D supplementation
during pregnancy increases linear growth in infants at 12 months of age, but, this increase is very
small and not statistically significant.
Graphene-based Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Sensing of Hydrazine: A Short Review
Authors: Singh Manorama , Bhardiya Smita R. , Rai Ankita , Rai Vijai K. 
Published: April 2022

Background:Hydrazine is a well-known hepatotoxic, mutagen, and carcinogen. It adversely affects not only the liver, DNA, and kidney but the central nervous system also. As per the record of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the United States, the optimum concentration of it has been permitted in sewage and industrial and agricultural effluents is 0.1 ppm. Therefore, monitoring hydrazine concentration is essential at the trace level. This review focuses on the preparation, characterization, and application of graphene-based nanomaterials for the development of electrochemical sensors for hydrazine sensing.Methods:Several literature reports over the last decade, i.e., 2010 to 2021, have been tried to summarize the development of different electrochemical sensors using graphene-based nanomaterials for the detection of hydrazine in water and other environmental samples. The performance of several reported modified electrodes has been reviewed in terms of limit of detection, linear range, selectivity, etc.Results:Graphene-based nanomaterials/nanocomposites offer a new path toward the development of high-performance electrochemical sensors due to their greater active surface area and good electron transference property. Furthermore, these nanostructures have defects in edges, and they can be expected to show more reactivity towards chemical species compared to pristine graphene. However, these novel graphene nanostructures have been scantily explored in the development of electrochemical sensors.Conclusion:The review presents that graphene-based nanomaterials offer excellent electrocatalytic and electrochemical behavior toward hydrazine detection. The performance of fabricated electrochemical sensors has been compared in terms of linear range, limit of detection, stability, and sensitivity. Still, no commercialized electrochemical sensor is available and there is enough scope to synthesize an efficient graphene-based nanomaterial to develop a portable and on-site electrochemical sensor for hydrazine detection.
Sustainable and Renewable Nano-biocomposites for Sensors and Actuators: A Review on Preparation and Performance
Authors: Ramesh Manickam , Rajeshkumar Lakshminarasimhan , Balaji Devarajan , Bhuvaneswari Venkateswaran 
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND:Nano-materials derived from sustainable and biodegradable polymers, are the most attractive materials among the researchers. Polymeric nano-biocomposites (PNBCs) are a specific class of materials derived by combining nanosized fillers with polymer materials and the most commonly used nano-fillers were hydroxyapatite, organic or inorganic metal nanoparticles, clays and so on.METHODS:Many of the recent researches rendered its focus towards the utilization of biopolymer based hydrogel materials for the fabrication of analyte sensors and electrode modifiers owing to their high permeability nature and faster, mobilization of electrons. Such biopolymer hydrogelutilize newer printing methods in electrode prototyping, which renders portable, flexible, and advanced bioelectronics sensor with high performance characteristics. Few researchers have also stated the use of polyaniline reinforced biocomposites for the fabrication of electro-chemical sensors and actuators because of their advantageous properties, which makes them a potential material choice for electronics applications.RESULTS:Nano-particles of polyaniline were proved to improve the detection limit and sensitivity of the sensor even when used for recognizing a single molecules. Bionanocomposites possess excellent thermo-mechanical properties in the designed nanocomposite, even at low nanoparticle concentrations. In fact, these materials have high hardness and stability, giving rise to excellent mechanical characteristics. Furthermore, the incorporation of nanoparticles into a biopolymeric matrix enhanced its electrical conductivity, barrier properties, and consistency. Also, the powerful interaction between biopolymers and functional groups of nanoparticles increased the strength of bio-nanocomposites.CONCLUSION:Nanobiocomposites based biosensors were found to possess high specificity, sensitivity, and wider target spectrum. Current review deals with the use of sustainable and renewable biocomposites for the preparation of biosensors and actuators, their properties like sensitivity, limit of detection, advantages over the synthetic material and environmental hazards.