bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applying Artificial Intelligence to create risk stratification visualization for underserved patients to improve population health in a community health setting
Authors: Roosan Don , Roosan Moom R , Kim Soyoung , Law Anandi V , Sanine Christ 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Current healthcare visualizations utilize unstructured Electronic Health Record (EHR) data that lack user requirement analysis for intuitive visualizations. Since clinicians are the end-users, it is crucial to consider end users’ input to improve clinical workflow efficiency. In this paper, we developed a user-centered design through cognitive task analysis (CTA) to visualize unstructured EHR data using artificial intelligence (AI) and natural language processing (NLP). The research team conducted CTA with 8 clinicians. The interviews were transcribed, and a content analysis was performed. Themes were coded, and user requirements helped us to understand the clinical workflow. The CTA resulted in 5 different themes: 1) Gathering patient information, 2) Filtering and searching for necessary information, 3) Subjective, objective assessment, plan of the patient, 4) Visualization of unstructured EHR data, and 5) Progression of trends and comparisons in patients. The intuitive visualization dashboard utilizing unstructured EHR population data was successfully developed. Design elements included an interactive dashboard with a snapshot and basic information for all patients, filter and search keywords, and visualizations of patient trends and lab results through graphs. Finally, a system usability scale (SUS) survey was completed to assess the usability of the dashboard by 20 participants. The completed 20 SUS surveys resulted in an average score of 80.9, which concluded that the platform had a high usability. The health analytics dashboard demonstrated unstructured data containing diverse information that can support identifying underserved populations, enhance workflow efficiency and create intuitive design interface.
In-Silico Target Prediction by Ensemble Chemogenomic Model based on Multi-Scale Information of Chemical Structures and Protein Sequences
Authors: Yang Su-Qing , Zhang Liu-Xia , Ge You-Jin , Hu Jian-Xin , Shen Cheng-Ying , Lu Ai-Ping , Hou Ting-Jun , Cao Dong-Sheng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Identification and validation of bioactive small-molecule targets is a significant challenge in drug discovery. In recent years, various in-silico approaches have been proposed to expedite time- and resource-consuming experiments for target detection. Herein, we developed several chemogenomic models for target prediction based on multi-scale information of chemical structures and protein sequences. By combining the information of a compound with multiple protein targets together and putting these compound-target pairs into a well-established model, the scores to indicate whether there are interactions between compounds and targets can be derived, and thus a target prediction task can be completed by sorting the outputted scores. To improve the prediction performance, we constructed several chemogenomic models using multi-scale information of chemical structures and protein sequences, and the ensemble model with the best performance was used as our final model. The model was validated by various strategies and external datasets and the promising target prediction capability of the model, i.e., the fraction of known targets identified in the top-k (1 to 10) list of the potential target candidates suggested by the model, was confirmed. Compared with multiple state-of-art target prediction methods, our model showed equivalent or better predictive ability in terms of the top-k predictions. It is expected that our method can be utilized as a powerful computational tool to narrow down the potential targets for experimental testing.
CHEERS is reliable for online use: a randomized crossover paper versus online test-retest reliability study.
Authors: Lafave Lynne M.Z. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe creating healthy eating and active environments survey (CHEERS) is an audit tool used to assess the nutrition and physical activity environment in early childhood education and care (ECEC) centres. Availability of the tool has been limited to paper-based versions. Digital health initiatives offer improved reach and immediacy of support for community-based clients through novel technology products. In order to provide increased access to the CHEERS tool, an online version was developed. The objective of this study was to assess the reliability of an online version of CHEERS.MethodsUtilizing a randomized crossover design, ECEC educators completed either a paper-based or online-based survey and then the opposite mode with a two to three-week interval. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC, with 95% confidence interval) was used to determine the reliability between test and retest. Absolute index of reliability in the original measurement was assessed through the standard error of measurement (SEM = SD × √1-ICC). The smallest amount of change not due to inherent variation was assessed by determining minimal detectable change at the 95% confidence level (MDC95 = SEM × 1.96 ×√2; MDC95% = MDC95/mean ×100).ResultsTest-retest reliability was good to excellent for the online-based CHEERS total score (ICC = 0.86) and for each of the four subscales: food served (ICC = 0.82), healthy eating environment (ICC = 0.76), program planning (ICC = 0.76), and physical activity environment (ICC = 0.79). The SEM, MDC95, and MDC95% for the CHEERS overall score were 0.79, 2.19, and 9.6%, respectively.ConclusionsThe results of this study demonstrate that the online-based and paper-based versions of the CHEERS audit tool share comparable accuracy. The CHEERS tool can be reliably implemented in an online environment and this provides users an alternative means to complete the centre-based health assessment. The advantage of the online-based version includes user accessibility and the potential to develop a feedback response for participants using digitally collected data.
single-port thoracoscopic removal of an azygos vein aneurysm: a case report and literature review
Authors: YI YAO , Hu Qiuxia , Xie Xiaoyang , Liu caiyang , Lei Yu , Li Xiaoliang , Wang Yi , Liu Gaohua , Yang yanhui , Luo Lei , Li Ji 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background:Azygos vein aneurysms (AVAs) are extremely rare. The majority of patients have no obvious clinical symptoms and are found by physical examination or by chance. There are limited clinical treatment experience that can be referred and there are no clear guidelines or research evidence to guide the standard of surgical and interventional therapy. Here, we report a patient with idiopathic AVA whose three-dimensional reconstruction of the tumor was completed before surgery. On the basis of three-dimensional reconstruction, the single-port thoracoscopic resection of AVA was successfully completed and reported for the first time. The previous reported cases were summarized to provide experience for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with AVAs.Case presentation:A 56-year-old man was transferred to our hospital due to "dysphagia". The diagnosis of AVA was performed after further completed enhanced computed tomography, gastroscopy, fiberoptic bronchoscopy, and three-dimensional reconstruction. Due to the patient had symptoms of dysphagia and the AVA had the risk of rupture, the patient received single-port thoracoscopic surgery. After the operation, his dysphagia disappeared. The postoperative pathology confirmed hemangioma. The patient was discharged on the three day after surgery without any complications. Conclusions:AVAs are rare. Preoperative three-dimensiona reconstruction is of great significance for surgeon to clear disease diagnosis, formulate the surgical plans, avoid damage the surrounding vital organs, and reduce intraoperative bleeding. Despite thoracoscopic surgery to remove AVA is difficult and has a high risk of bleeding, more minimally invasive single-port thoracoscopic surgery is also safe and effective for the treatment of AVAs.
Retrospective Study of hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy Combined with whole brain radiotherapy for Patients with Brain Metastases
Authors: Xie Xie , Peng Hong-Hua , Zhang Xi , Pan Yu-Liang , Zhang Zhen , Cao Pei-guo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background and purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (HFSRT) combined with whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) in patients with brain metastases (BMs).Materials and methods: From May 2018 to July 2020, 50 patients (111 lesions) received HFSRT (18Gy/3F) +WBRT (40Gy/20F). The RECIST 1.1 and RANO-BM criteria were used to evaluate treatment efficacy. Five prognostic indexes (RPA, GPA, SIR, BS-BM, and GGS) were applied. The primary endpoint was intracranial local control (iLC). Secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and the safety of treatment.Results: Intracranial objective response rates (iORR) using the RECIST 1.1 and RANO-BM criteria were 62.1% and 58.6%, respectively. The iLC rate was 93.1%, the 6- and 12-month iLC rates were 90.8% and 57.4%, respectively. The median intracranial progression-free survival (iPFS) was not reached (range 0−23 months). The 6-, 12-, and 24-month OS rates were 74.2%, 58.2%, and 22.9%, respectively. The KPS score showed statistical significance in univariate analysis of survival. The 6, 12, and 24 month OS rates for patients with KPS ≥70 were 83.8%, 70.5%, and 29.7%, respectively. The median survival time (MST) for all patients and for patients with KPS ≥70 were 13.6 and 16.5 months, respectively. Sex, KPS score, and gross tumor volume were significant factors in the multivariate analysis of survival. OS was significantly associated with RPA, SIR, BS-BM, and GGS classes. No acute toxicities of grade 3 or higher were noted.Conclusion: HFSRT combined with WBRT is a safe and effective local treatment modality for BM patients.
Dual-regulated mechanism of EZH2 and KDM6A on SALL4 modulates tumor progression via Wnt/β-catenin pathway in gastric cancer
Authors: Ren Lei , deng Hong , Jiang Yu , Liu Chunfeng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The molecular mechanism underlying the progression of gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear, the overexpression level of SALL4 has been demonstrated in many cancers and participated in tumorigenesis, however, it is still ambiguous for the expression and function of SALL4 in GC, especially its upstream mechanistic modulators.Method: Analysis of discrepant gene expression in GC and normal gastric tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Cultured GC cell lines were treated with siEZH2 and siKDM6A and checked for their influences on SALL4, the transduction molecules of KDM6A/EZH2-SALL4-β-catenin signaling were quantified in the GC cells.Results: Here, we showed that only SALL4 levels of SALL family members were upregulated in nonpaired and paired GC tissues than those in corresponding normal tissues and were associated with its histological types, pathological stages, TNM stages, and overall survival from the TCGA dataset. SALL4 level was elevated in GC cells compared to normal gastric epithelial cell line (GES-1) and was correlated to cancer cell progression and invasion through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in GC, which levels would be separately upregulated or downregulated by KDM6A or EZH2.Conclusion: We first proposed and demonstrated that SALL4 promoted GC cell progression via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which was mediated by the dual regulation of EZH2 and KDM6A on SALL4. This mechanistic pathway in gastric cancer represents a novel targetable pathway.
Blood-CSF-barrier permeability in tuberculous meningitis and its association with clinical, MRI and inflammatory cytokines
Authors: Shukla Ruchi , Kalita Jayantee , Haldar Rudrashish , Misra Usha K 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective: Blood -cerebrospinal fluid (B-CSF) barrier disruption in tuberculous meningitis (TBM) may be mediated by inflammatory cytokines and may determine clinico–radiological severity and outcome. We report B-CSF permeability in TBM and its relationship with inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6), clinical severity, MRI changes and outcome.Methods: Fifty-five TBM patients with a median age of 26 years were included. Their clinical, CSF and MRI findings were noted. Severity of meningitis was graded into stages I to III. Cranial MRI was done and presence of exudates, granuloma, hydrocephalus and infarctions was notes. B-CSF permeability was assessed by a ratio of CSF albumin to serum albumin (Qalb).Concentration of TNF- α, IL-1β and IL-6 in CSF was measured by CBA. Results: The Qalb in the patients was more than mean+2.5 SD of controls. In TBM, Qalb correlated with TNF- α (r=0.36; p=0.01), CSF cells (r=0.29; p=0.02) and exudate on MRI (0.18 ± 0.009 Vs 0.13 ± 0.008; p=0.04). There was however no association of Qalb with demographic variables, stage, tuberculoma, infraction and hydrocephalus. At 6 months, 11(20%) died, 10(18.2%) had poor and 34(61.8%) had good recovery. Conclusion: B-CSF permeability in TBM correlated with TNF-α, CSF pleocytosis and exudates but not with severity of meningitis and outcome.
DNA methylation as a potential mediator of the association between indoor air pollution and neurodevelopmental delay in a South African birth cohort
Authors: Feil Dakotah , Abrishamcar Sarina , Christensen Grace M. , Vanker Aneesa , Koen Nastassja , Kilanowski Anna , Hoffman Nadia , Wedderburn Catherine J. , Donald Kirsten A. , Kobor Michael S , Zar Heather J , Stein Dan J , Hüls Anke 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Exposure to indoor air pollution during pregnancy has been linked to neurodevelopmental delay in toddlers. Epigenetic modification, particularly DNA methylation (DNAm), may explain this link. In this study, we employed three high-dimensional mediation analysis methods (HIMA, DACT, and gHMA) followed by causal mediation analysis to identify differentially methylated CpG sites and genes that mediate the association between indoor air pollution and neurodevelopmental delay. Analyses were performed using data from 142 mother-child pairs from a South African birth cohort, the Drakenstein Child Health Study. DNAm from cord blood was measured using the Infinium MethylationEPIC and HumanMethylation450 arrays. Neurodevelopment was assessed at age 2 years using the Bayley Scores of Infant and Toddler Development, 3rd edition across four domains (cognitive development, general adaptive behavior, language, and motor function). Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 10µm or less (PM10) was collected inside participants’ homes during the second trimester of pregnancy.
Results
A total of 29 CpG sites and 4 genes (GOPC, RP11-74K11.1, DYRK1A, RNMT) were identified as significant mediators of the association between PM10 and cognitive neurodevelopment. The estimated proportion mediated (95%-confidence interval) ranged from 0.29 [0.01,0.86] for cg00694520 to 0.54 [0.11,1.56] for cg05023582.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that DNAm may mediate the association between prenatal PM10 exposure and cognitive neurodevelopment. DYRK1A and several genes that our CpG sites mapped to, including CNKSR1, IPO13, IFNGR1, LONP2, and CDH1, are associated with biological pathways implicated in cognitive neurodevelopment and three of our identified CpG sites (cg23560546 [DAPL1], cg22572779 [C6orf218], cg15000966 [NT5C]) have been previously associated with fetal brain development. These findings are novel and add to the limited literature investigating the relationship between indoor air pollution, DNAm, and neurodevelopment, particularly in low- and middle-income country settings and non-white populations.
Topological indices of general relativity and Yang-Mills theory in four-dimensional space-time
Authors: Kurihara Yoshimasa 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This report investigates general relativity and the Yang-Mills theory in four-dimensional space-time using the common mathematical framework, the Chern-Weil theory for principal bundles. The whole theory is described owing to the fibre bundle with the GL(4) symmetry, a model of the space-time, and twisting several principal bundles with the gauge symmetry that are a model of force and matter fields.We introduce the Hodge-dual connection in addition to the principal connection into the Lagrangian to make gauge fields have dynamics independent from the Bianchi identity. The duplex superstructure appears in the bundle when a Z2-grading operator exists in a total space of the bundle in general. The Dirac operator appears in the secondary superspace using the one-dimensional Clifford algebra. Thus, it provides topological indices owing to the Atiyah-Singer index theorem. We introduce a novel method, namely the theta-metric space, to discuss topological indices in the hyperbolic space-time manifold. The theta-metric treats the Euclidean and Minkowski spaces simultaneously and defines the topological index in the Minkowski space-time.In this framework, we show several examples of topological indices appearing in the field theory and clarify the physical significance of these indices in the Minkowski space-time.
Usefulness of PIVKA-II for Monitoring After Liver Transplantation in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: LÓPEZ FRANCISCO VILLALBA , SÁENZ LUIS FRANCISCO , LORENCIO MARIA ISABEL SÁNCHEZ , GARCÍA VIRGINIA DE LA ORDEN , VELASCO JOSÉ ANTONIO NOGUERA , BERNARDO CARMEN GARCÍA , MAZO ALBERTO BAROJA , ROMERO PABLO RAMÍREZ 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
the high morbidity and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has encouraged the search for new biomarkers to be used alongside alpha-foetoprotein (AFP) and imaging tests. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical contribution of protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) for HCC monitoring after liver transplantation (LT) and compare it with AFP, a routinely used tumour marker.
Methods
a total of 46 HCC patients (Milan criteria) were enrolled in this study. Serum levels of PIVKA-II and AFP were measured before transplantation and at 1, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years after transplantation. Clinical features were determined for all the patients that were included.
Results
significant correlations were found between PIVKA-II expression levels and some clinicopathological features, such as tumour size and number of pre-transplant transarterial chemoembolizations (TACEs). Serum levels of PIVKA-II and AFP decreased significantly after LT and increased in patients with tumour recurrence. Combined determination of pre-transplant PIVKA-II and AFP levels improved the predictive ability of each biomarker separately for post-transplant recurrence.
Conclusions
serum PIVKA-II levels were associated with tumour size and with the number of pre-transplant TACEs suggesting that this biomarker may play an important role in predicting disease severity. Furthermore, monitoring PIVKA-II levels in HCC transplant recipients reflects the tumor early recurrence after transplantation and could be used, complementing AFP and imaging tests, as a novel biomarker of this pathology.
Patient-centric synthetic data generation, no reason to risk re-identification in the analysis of biomedical pseudonymised data
Authors: Guillaudeux Morgan , Rousseau Olivia , Petot Julien , Bennis Zineb , Dein Charles-Axel , Goronflot Thomas , Karakachoff Matilde , Limou Sophie , Vince Nicolas , Wargny Matthieu , Gourraud Pierre-Antoine 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Anonymization is crucial in the era of big data analysis. While nearly all computational methods operate on pseudonymised personal data, re-identification remains a risk. With personal health data, this re-identification risk may be considered a double-crossing of patients’ trust. Herein, we present a new method to generate synthetic data of individual granularity while holding on to patients’ privacy. Developed for sensitive biomedical data, the method is patient-centric as it uses a local model to generate random new synthetic data, called an “avatar”, for each initial sensitive individual. This method is applied to real health data in a clinical trial related to HIV-infected patients (AIDS clinical trial; N=2139, 26 variables, example 1) and the Wisconsin Breast Cancer Diagnosis (WBCD; N=683, 1 10 variables, example 2) observational study to evaluate the protection it provides while retaining the original statistical information. In the light of distance-based privacy metrics, each individual produces an avatar that is on average indistinguishable from 12 other generated avatars for the AIDS clinical trial and 24 for the WBCD observational study. Data transformation via the Avatar method preserved the evaluation of the treatment’s effectiveness for example 1 (original hazard ratio 𝐻𝑅 = 0. 49 (95% CI, 0.39 - 0.63) vs avatar 𝐻𝑅 = 0. 47 (95% CI, 0.37 - 0.60)) and the classification properties for example 2 (original 𝐴𝑈𝐶 = 99. 46 (𝑠𝑡𝑑 = 0. 25) vs avatar 𝐴𝑈𝐶 = 99. 84 (𝑠𝑡𝑑 = 0. 12)). Thanks to the Avatar method, modern-era data analysis should no longer pose a re-identification risk. Avatars enable the creation of value from pseudonymised data analyses by tackling the risk of a privacy breach.
Determinants of sanitation and hygiene status among food and drink establishments in Fiche town, Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Chane Samuel , Sebsibe Israel , Adibaru Birhanu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Poor sanitary conditions of food and drink establishments are the major causes for the occurrence of foodborne illness. The aim of this study was to assess the sanitation and hygiene status and its determinants among food and drink establishments in Fiche town. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the predictor variables. A total of 422 catering establishments were assessed. In the present study, 49.8 and 71.8% of the establishments were involved in undesirable practices of disposing liquid and solid waste in open fields, respectively. The present study showed that 11.6 and 15.6% of catering establishments used three-compartment washing facilities for dish and glass, respectively. Presence of trained staff about food hygiene (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 4.84, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.91–8.03), being licensed (AOR = 3.07, 95% CI 1.41–6.67), regulatory inspection (AOR = 2.74, 95% CI 1.60–4.68), and service year of establishments (AOR = 3.02, 95% CI 1.43–6.35) were the determinant factors. The sanitary conditions of catering establishments in the study area were poor. Therefore, concerned regulatory bodies should routinely inspect the food and drink establishments to strengthen the standards of establishments to satisfactory sanitary situations.
The effectiveness of a water resource tax policy in improving water-use efficiency: a quasi-natural experiment-based approach
Authors: Mu Lan , Zhang Xiaoyan , Cheng Sen , Song Peisong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Comprehensively improving the efficiency of water resource utilization is not only an urgent need to resolve the prominent contradiction between water supply and water demand but also an inevitable requirement to promote the harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. The compulsory water resource tax is considered to be a powerful tool for resolving the worldwide water crisis and improving water resource utilization efficiency (WRUE). Based on a quasi-natural experiment of water resource tax policy in China, this study used panel data for 30 provinces (municipalities) from 2011 to 2019 to evaluate the impact of water resource tax policies on WRUE through a multistage difference-in-difference model. The results showed that the water resource policy can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of water resources by optimizing the allocation of resources. In addition, the analysis of the spatial heterogeneity showed that the policy of the water resource tax has a stronger lifting effect on improving water resource-use efficiency in eastern China than that in the central and western regions. This research provided insights into China's water policies that can be used to better manage natural resources.