bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anaesthesia Challenges during Sternal Wound Debridement
Authors: Kritika K. G. , Kapoor Poonam Malhotra , Choudhury Minati 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA 50-year-old female weighing 80 kg is posted for a deep sternal wound debridement, post mitral valve replacement (MVR), and post-CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting) (left internal mammary artery (LIMA)→left anterior descending (LAD)). She had sternal osteomyelitis and had wound debridement thrice before. She had also history of cardiac injury repair during second wound debridement.Her initial three tissue cultures showed Acinetobacter positive. Her fourth tissue culture shows Staphylococcus haemolyticus positive. Histopathology shows necrotizing granuloma. Two-dimensional Echocardiography (ECHO) shows post-MVR, no Mitral regurgitation (MR), mild Tricuspid Regurgitation (TR) (right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP)-24 + Retrograde autologous priming (RAP)), Inferior Vena Cava #x0028;IVC) 1.6 cm with respiratory collapse, no pericardial effusion, no Left atrium (LA) clot/veg, and normal biventricular function.
Disambiguating Clinical Abbreviations Using a One-Fits-All Classifier Based on Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Jaber Areej , Martínez Paloma 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground Abbreviations are considered an essential part of the clinical narrative; they are used not only to save time and space but also to hide serious or incurable illnesses. Misreckoning interpretation of the clinical abbreviations could affect different aspects concerning patients themselves or other services like clinical support systems. There is no consensus in the scientific community to create new abbreviations, making it difficult to understand them. Disambiguate clinical abbreviations aim to predict the exact meaning of the abbreviation based on context, a crucial step in understanding clinical notes.Objectives Disambiguating clinical abbreviations is an essential task in information extraction from medical texts. Deep contextualized representations models showed promising results in most word sense disambiguation tasks. In this work, we propose a one-fits-all classifier to disambiguate clinical abbreviations with deep contextualized representation from pretrained language models like Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers (BERT).Methods A set of experiments with different pretrained clinical BERT models were performed to investigate fine-tuning methods on the disambiguation of clinical abbreviations. One-fits-all classifiers were used to improve disambiguating rare clinical abbreviations.Results One-fits-all classifiers with deep contextualized representations from Bioclinical, BlueBERT, and MS_BERT pretrained models improved the accuracy using the University of Minnesota data set. The model achieved 98.99, 98.75, and 99.13%, respectively. All the models outperform the state-of-the-art in the previous work of around 98.39%, with the best accuracy using the MS_BERT model.Conclusion Deep contextualized representations via fine-tuning of pretrained language modeling proved its sufficiency on disambiguating clinical abbreviations; it could be robust for rare and unseen abbreviations and has the advantage of avoiding building a separate classifier for each abbreviation. Transfer learning can improve the development of practical abbreviation disambiguation systems.
Surface diffusion of a glassy discotic organic semiconductor and the surface mobility gradient of molecular glasses
Authors: Li Yuhui , Bishop Camille , Cui Kai , Schmidt J. R. , Ediger M. D. , Yu Lian 
Published: February 2022

Surface diffusion has been measured in the glass of an organic semiconductor, MTDATA, using the method of surface grating decay. The decay rate was measured as a function of temperature and grating wavelength, and the results indicate that the decay mechanism is viscous flow at high temperatures and surface diffusion at low temperatures. Surface diffusion in MTDATA is enhanced by 4 orders of magnitude relative to bulk diffusion when compared at the glass transition temperature Tg. The result on MTDATA has been analyzed along with the results on other molecular glasses without extensive hydrogen bonds. In total, these systems cover a wide range of molecular geometries from rod-like to quasi-spherical to discotic and their surface diffusion coefficients vary by 9 orders of magnitude. We find that the variation is well explained by the existence of a steep surface mobility gradient and the anchoring of surface molecules at different depths. Quantitative analysis of these results supports a recently proposed double-exponential form for the mobility gradient: log D(T, z) = log Dv(T) + [log D0 − log Dv(T)]exp(−z/ξ), where D(T, z) is the depth-dependent diffusion coefficient, Dv(T) is the bulk diffusion coefficient, D0 ≈ 10−8 m2/s, and ξ ≈ 1.5 nm. Assuming representative bulk diffusion coefficients for these fragile glass formers, the model reproduces the presently known surface diffusion rates within 0.6 decade. Our result provides a general way to predict the surface diffusion rates in molecular glasses.
In vivo imaging of the GnRH pulse generator reveals a temporal order of neuronal activation and synchronization during each pulse
Authors: Moore Aleisha M. , Coolen Lique M. , Lehman Michael N. 
Published: February 2022

SignificanceHypothalamic oscillators that generate pulsatile patterns of hormone secretion represent a fundamental physiological feature regulating homeostatic systems. How individual cells within these neural ensembles generate and coordinate episodic activity and resultant pulse secretion is unknown. Recently, arcuate KNDy (kisspeptin/neurokinin B/dynorphin) cells were identified as a critical component of the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulse generator required for reproduction. Using in vivo calcium imaging of KNDy neurons in freely moving mice, we reveal that, prior to each GnRH pulse, individual KNDy cells demonstrate synchronized activity with striking temporal order, with subsets of cells behaving as “leaders” or “followers.” Future work to distinguish these novel subpopulations and define mechanisms underlying the temporal ordering of cellular synchronization may provide avenues to regulate pulse secretion.
Resettlement and Regeneration: The Pafuri Camp Joint-venture Lodge, Kruger National Park, South Africa
Authors: Spenceley Anna 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This case describes how the Makuleke community reclaimed formal ownership over their land in the Kruger National Park through a land restitution process in South Africa. On the basis that the land could only be used for conservation, the Makuleke formed agreements with private operators to build and operate joint-venture tourism lodges. These generated income, employment and empowered people that had previously been forcibly removed from land by the state.

Information
Snyman, S. and Spenceley, A. (2019) Private Sector Tourism in Conservation Areas in Africa, CABI
© CAB International 2019
Dispersion of organic exciton polaritons—a novel undergraduate experiment
Authors: Rozenman Georgi Gary , Peisakhov Aron , Zadok Nir 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We report on an innovative and simple way to perform an experiment which utilizes the properties of a quantized electromagnetic field coupled to Frenkel excitons in organic materials, forming exciton–polaritons (EP). We present an optical setup, which allowed to perform precise measurements of transmission of organic optical cavities at different angles of incidence and to study the dispersion relation of EP. We provided the full theoretical background of EP and demonstrated that the experimental results are in good agreement with theoretical predictions. Furthermore, we extracted the strong coupling strength and the excitonic–photonic weights of organic cavity samples.
Magnetic docking stations for remotely powered light emitting diodes
Authors: Helseth L E , Wen H Z 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Light emitting diodes (LEDs) are efficient light sources which due to low power consumption often are considered for demonstrations of wireless energy transmission. It is often not only necessary to power these light sources wirelessly, but also to ensure that they conveniently dock at the correct position as effortlessly as possible without the need for chemical adhesives or mechanical attachment. In the current work a passive magnetic docking system which aids attachment of wirelessly powered LEDs is proposed. The system utilizes electromagnetic induction of nearby coils to power the LED. The spatial range of the magnetostatic interactions is controlled by the specific magnet arrangement used, such that the light is turned on either before or after docking is initiated. The constant and time-varying magnetic fields occupy the same volume, thus allowing the presenter to demonstrate the difference between magnetostatic interactions locking the LED in place and electromagnetic induction turning the LED on. It is demonstrated that the proposed system works well for light signaling in salt water, and may find use in wireless underwater communication.
Influence of source electrode metal work function on polar gate prompted source hole plasma in arsenide/antimonide tunneling interfaced junctionless TFET
Authors: Sharma Samriti , Chaujar Rishu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Numerous studies have explored the impact of control gate and polar gate (PG) on the retention of hole and electron charge plasma to induce the source and channel region polarity in junctionless tunnel field effect transistor (JLTFET). However, PG is not the only one responsible for the retention of hole plasma in the p+ prompted source but the hole plasma near the interface of source electrode metal (SEM) and p+ prompted source (SEM/S) is influenced by the choice of SEM work function too. This paper features a comprehensive investigation of the mutual significance of PG and SEM work function on p+ prompted source to study key analog characteristics of arsenide/antimonide tunneling interfaced hetero-material JLTFET (HJLTFET), which is unexplored in the literature otherwise. We have considered three metals—W (4.55 eV), Mo (4.65 eV), and Pd (5.3 eV) as the source electrodes in HJLTFET. For SEM work function lesser than p+ prompted source (W and Mo), the Schottky contact is formed by the depletion of hole plasma near SEM and p+ prompted source interface. This results in the immediate current inhibition at source to channel interface caused by an undesired movement of electrons en route to the Schottky interface. The Schottky tunneling phenomenon is considered by implementing the universal Schottky tunneling (UST) model to study the underestimated drain current of HJLTFET. However, the UST model becomes inconsequential for SEM work function higher than p+ prompted source (Pd) as hole plasma is preserved by the ohmic contact formation.
The effect of plasma discharge on methane diffusion combustion in air assisted by an atmospheric pressure microwave plasma torch
Authors: Li Shou-Zhe , Niu Yu-Long , Cao Shu-Li , Zhang Jiao , Zhang Jialiang , Li Xuechen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
An atmospheric pressure air microwave plasma torch is employed to assist methane diffusion combustions using a combination of a combustor and burner. Experimentally, the effect of the air microwave plasma on combustion is investigated with respect to the flame morphology and the variation of gas components in the exhaust with the fuel equivalence ratio φ or the methane flow rate by comparing plasma-assisted combustion (PAC) and natural combustion (NC) without plasma application. The combustion degree of CH4 in PACs is found to be much enhanced in rich fuel combustion than in NC in both types of burners, which is measured by Fourier transformation infrared spectrometer (FTIR). In PACs, with the use of an air microwave plasma torch, the radicals originating from excitation, ionization, and dissociation of N2 and O2 and the high gas temperature induced in the plasma discharge play an important role in assisting the combustion.
Rational design of Fe-doped K0.8Ti1.73Li0.27O4@rGO as a high-rate and long-cycle-life anode for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Hou Lijuan , Zhang Limin , Zang Jinhao , Shen Weixia , Zhang Taiyi , Huang Xiaowen , Yuan Huiyu , Kong Dezhi , Wang Ye , Li Xinjian , Xu Tingting 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
K0.8Ti1.73Li0.27O4 (KLTO) is an important titanium-based anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and is expected to become an alternative to carbonaceous materials on account of its nontoxicity, low cost, and high safety performance. However, it suffers from poor specific capacity at high charge–discharge rates due to its low conductivity and obstructed Li-ion diffusion. In this work, an Fe-doped KLTO@rGO (Fe-KLTO@rGO) composite prepared by following a simple electrostatic assembly process and its high-rate and long-cycle-life-performance as an anode in LIBs is obtained. The Fe-KLTO@rGO composite sample has an excellent specific capacity of 330 and 105 mAh g−1 at a current density of 1 C (1 C = 175 mA g−1) and 50 C, respectively. In addition, the Fe-KLTO@rGO composite sample can carry out a long cycle of 3000 cycles at a rate of 50 C, and the specific capacity remains at 127 mAh g−1.
Large area, rapid, and protein-harmless protein–plasma-polymerized-ethylene coating with aerosol-assisted remote atmospheric-pressure plasma deposition
Authors: Yang Chu-Hao , Hsiao Chun-Ping , Chang Jerry , Lo Hsin-Yu , Cheng Yun-Chien 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Our goal is to establish a remote-plasma-based aerosol-assisted atmospheric-pressure plasma deposition (RAAPD) system for depositing protein–plasma-polymerized-ethylene coatings. The method of RAAPD is using plasma to polymerize ethylene and add protein aerosol at downstream region to coat protein–plasma-polymerized-ethylene on substrate. We investigated effects of different mixing, mesh, deposition distance, gas flow, voltage, and frequency. Results showed that downstream-mixing method reduced heat effects on protein. The optimal coating was achieved when using mesh, at a close deposition distance, with high flow rate of protein aerosol, and under high voltage. Compared with current methods, impacts of RAAPD include reducing effects of plasma generated heat, reactive species, and UV on protein, and deposition will not be limited by electrode area and substrate material.
Phase-field simulation on the interaction of oxygen vacancies with charged and neutral domain walls in hexagonal YMnO3
Authors: Yang Chao , Sun Enwei , Liu Zhen , Zhang Xingru , Qi Xudong , Cao Wenwu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A three-dimensional model of the interaction between the charged or neutral domain walls and oxygen vacancies in the hexagonal manganite YMnO3 was proposed, and simulated using Landau–Ginzburg–Devonshire (LGD) theory, dynamic diffusion equation and Maxwell’s equation. The calculation proves that stiffness anisotropic factors can adjust the domain wall state and ultimately affect the distribution of oxygen vacancies. The head-to-head domain wall corresponds to low oxygen vacancy density, and the tail-to-tail domain wall corresponds to high oxygen vacancy density. The electrostatic field generated by the bound charge is the key factor leading to the change of oxygen vacancy distribution. Finally, e-index law N
d = ae

b*dP/dz
can fit the relationship between the oxygen vacancy concentration and the polarization gradient along z direction. Our theory provides a new way to modulate the distribution of oxygen vacancies through domain wall morphology in hexagonal YMnO3.
Redox-mediated C–C bond scission in alcohols adsorbed on CeO2−
x
thin films
Authors: Lykhach Yaroslava , Johánek Viktor , Neitzel Armin , Skála Tomáš , Tsud Nataliya , Beranová Klára , Mysliveček Josef , Brummel Olaf , Libuda Jörg 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The decomposition mechanisms of ethanol and ethylene glycol on well-ordered stoichiometric CeO2(111) and partially reduced CeO2−x
(111) films were investigated by means of synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy, resonant photoemission spectroscopy, and temperature programmed desorption. Both alcohols partially deprotonate upon adsorption at 150 K and subsequent annealing yielding stable ethoxy and ethylenedioxy species. The C–C bond scission in both ethoxy and ethylenedioxy species on stoichiometric CeO2(111) involves formation of acetaldehyde-like intermediates and yields CO and CO2 accompanied by desorption of acetaldehyde, H2O, and H2. This decomposition pathway leads to the formation of oxygen vacancies. In the presence of oxygen vacancies, C–O bond scission in ethoxy species yields C2H4. In contrast, C–C bond scission in ethylenedioxy species on the partially reduced CeO2−x
(111) is favored with respect to C–O bond scission and yields methanol, formaldehyde, and CO accompanied by the desorption of H2O and H2. Still, scission of C–O bonds on both sides of the ethylenedioxy species yields minor amounts of accompanying C2H4 and C2H2. C–O bond scission is coupled with a partial recovery of the lattice oxygen in competition with its removal in the form of water.
Soft representation of the square-well and square-shoulder potentials to be used in Brownian and molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Sandoval-Puentes Miguel A , Torres-Carbajal Alexis , Zavala-Martínez Arantza B , Castañeda-Priego Ramón , Méndez-Alcaraz José M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The discrete hard-sphere (HS), square-well (SW), and square-shoulder (SS) potentials have become the battle horse of molecular and complex fluids because they contain the basic elements to describe the thermodynamic, structural, and transport properties of both types of fluids. The mathematical simplicity of these discrete potentials allows us to obtain some analytical results despite the nature and complexity of the modeled systems. However, the divergent forces arising at the potential discontinuities may lead to severe issues when discrete potentials are used in computer simulations with uniform time steps. One of the few routes to avoid these technical problems is to replace the discrete potentials with continuous and differentiable forms built under strict physical criteria to capture the correct phenomenology. The match of the second virial coefficient between the discrete and the soft potentials has recently been successfully used to construct a continuous representation that mimics some physical properties of HSs (Báez et al 2018 J. Chem. Phys.
149 164907). In this paper, we report an extension of this idea to construct soft representations of the discrete SW and SS potentials. We assess the accuracy of the resulting soft potential by studying structural and thermodynamic properties of the modeled systems by using extensive Brownian and molecular dynamics computer simulations. Besides, Monte Carlo results for the original discrete potentials are used as benchmark. We have also implemented the discrete interaction models and their soft counterparts within the integral equations theory of liquids, finding that the most widely used approximations predict almost identical results for both potentials.
An enhanced variational mode decomposition based on correntropy and a periodicity-assisted log-cycligram for bearing fault diagnosis
Authors: Liu Chuliang , Tan Jianping 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Variational mode decomposition (VMD) outperforms other decomposition methods in extracting fault-related modes. However, the major issue in the practical application of VMD is how to determine some key parameters appropriately, especially the mode number. To overcome this problem, an enhanced VMD is presented in this paper. A powerful tool, the rate of change of correntropy, is applied to estimate the mode number precisely. Then, the target mode is selected by a periodicity-assisted log-cycligram rather than conventional kurtosis. The advantages of the enhanced VMD are exposed by applying it to the experimental data collected from two different bearing test benches. Compared with the conventional fast kurtogram and empirical mode decomposition method, the enhanced VMD can extract the target fault mode from the collected vibration signal with strong background noise.
New traceability chain for spectral irradiance measurement at LNE-Cnam
Authors: Valin Mai Huong , Obein Gaël , Rougie Bernard , Valin Thierry , Truong Daniel , Vissiere Alain , Bourson Frédéric 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
LNE-Cnam has changed its traceability chain for measuring the spectral irradiance of a light source. This facility allows calibration of spectral irradiance of a standard lamp based on a comparison with a high temperature blackbody (HTBB). The reference spectral irradiance is determined by measuring the temperature of the HTBB with a filter radiometer calibrated against our radiant flux reference. This traceability scheme differs from the one used in our former setup, which was mainly based on the International Temperature Scale, ITS-90. Both principles are used in National Measurement Institutes. Our facility uses well known methods adapted to our best capabilities as well as a particular development in optical arrangement and filter radiometer calibration. Thanks to this new measurement setup, our spectral irradiance reference is now traceable to radiometric reference, i.e. our cryogenic radiometer. We have extended our measurement capability to cover the spectral range from 250 nm to 2500 nm. We have simplified the process by reducing the number of benches (three in one) and the number of operations, and we have designed a compact measuring setup through the use of a rotating integrative sphere. This allows us to reduce by at least a factor two our measurement uncertainties over almost the entire spectral range. With this new measurement facility, France participates in the ongoing CCPR k1.a key comparison. This is a key comparison of the Consultative Committee of Photometry and Radiometry for Spectral irradiance from 250 nm to 2500 nm of tungsten halogen lamps. This communication shows the method used, and its validation.
Conductivity measurement using 3D printed re-entrant cavity resonator
Authors: Mohammed Ali Musa , Wang Yi , Skaik Talal , Li Sheng , Attallah Moataz 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A technique for measuring effective conductivity of conductor materials using 3D printed re-entrant cavity resonator is proposed. An analytical formula for the extraction of the effective conductivity has been derived in relation to energy stored in the volume of the cavity geometry. A method of resonant cavity characterisation of material based on microwave losses is utilised for the measurements. The approach offers a simplified analytical method and also supports the measurements of sample with arbitrary thickness. Samples produced from three different manufacturing processes of computer numerical control (CNC) and 3D printing, made of aluminium, copper and stainless steel were measured to demonstrate the method. The 3D printed and copper coated polymer sample is considered as reference material for the measurements. The measured results have shown that the copper coated polymer sample have similar conductivity with that CNC copper. This signifies the good finishing, low surface roughness and quality of copper coating used in 3D printed polymer device.