bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An evaluation of how connectopic mapping reveals visual field maps in V1
Authors: Watson David M. , Andrews Timothy J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFunctional gradients, in which response properties change gradually across the cortical surface, have been proposed as a key organising principle of the brain. However, the presence of these gradients remains undetermined in many brain regions. Resting-state neuroimaging studies have suggested these gradients can be reconstructed from patterns of functional connectivity. Here we investigate the accuracy of these reconstructions and establish whether it is connectivity or the functional properties within a region that determine these “connectopic maps”. Different manifold learning techniques were used to recover visual field maps while participants were at rest or engaged in natural viewing. We benchmarked these reconstructions against maps measured by traditional visual field mapping. We report an initial exploratory experiment of a publicly available naturalistic imaging dataset, followed by a preregistered replication using larger resting-state and naturalistic imaging datasets from the Human Connectome Project. Connectopic mapping accurately predicted visual field maps in primary visual cortex, with better predictions for eccentricity than polar angle maps. Non-linear manifold learning methods outperformed simpler linear embeddings. We also found more accurate predictions during natural viewing compared to resting-state. Varying the source of the connectivity estimates had minimal impact on the connectopic maps, suggesting the key factor is the functional topography within a brain region. The application of these standardised methods for connectopic mapping will allow the discovery of functional gradients across the brain.Protocol registrationThe stage 1 protocol for this Registered Report was accepted in principle on 19 April 2022. The protocol, as accepted by the journal, can be found athttps://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.19771717.
The impact of severe plastic deformations obtained by hydrostatic extrusion on the machinability of ultrafine-grained Ti grade 2 intended for fasteners
Authors: Skiba Jacek , Kulczyk Mariusz , Przybysz-Gloc Sylwia , Skorupska Monika , Niczyporuk Krzysztof 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe study aimed to examine the effect of the hydrostatic extrusion (HE) process on the machinability of Ti grade 2 (Ti) in the turning process. After the deformation with true strain ɛ = 2.28, the microstructure was significantly refined to a grain size of 100 nm, resulting in an increase in the mechanical properties,UTSstrength by 190%,YSyield strength by 230%Cutting forces for Ti in the initial state and after HE were analyzed at cutting depthsap = 0.3 mm and 0.5 mm, the variables were cutting speedVc(20, 30 and 50 m/min) and feed ratef(0.08 and 0.13 m/s).The impact of the microstructure refinement in Ti after HE on the high cutting depth machinability deterioration (ap = 0.7 mm) was identified. This phenomenon is particularly noticeable at lower cutting speedsVc = 20 and 30 m/min at which cutting forces are higher. Application tests of Ti after HE showed a significantly lower susceptibility to buckling during threading. As a result of the tests carried out for the Ti in the initial state, it was not possible to achieve the tolerance of pitch diameter of the thread required by standards,d2at two of the three cutting depths tested. In turn, for the Ti after HE, the thread tolerances required by the standards were achieved for all tested cutting depths.
Changes in inflammatory biomarkers in the nasal mucosal secretion after septoplasty
Authors: Park Marn Joon , Jang Yong Ju 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDeviated nasal septum (DNS) is suggested to be associated with nonspecific inflammation of the nasal mucosa. The authors hypothesized septoplasty may reduce nasal mucosal inflammation, therefore the authors aimed to measure various inflammatory biomarkers in the nasal secretion following septoplasty. Prospectively, 17 patients undergoing elective septoplasty were included. Symptomatic changes after septoplasty were evaluated with Sino-nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) and Nasal obstruction symptom evaluation (NOSE) scores. Using acoustic rhinometry, changes of the nasal airway volume were measured. Nasal secretion was collected within 2 weeks and 3 months before and after septoplasty, respectively. The inflammatory biomarker high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α), interferon γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4), eotaxin-1, and regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and presumably secreted (RANTES) were quantified in the nasal secretion by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays or multiplex bead array assays. The patients' mean age was 30.5 ± 6.8 (ranging from 19 to 43), consisting of 15 male and 2 female patients. The median SNOT-22 and NOSE scores changed from 54 to 14 and 78 to 15, respectively, both showing a significant decrease. In acoustic rhinometry, nasal cavity volume of convex side significantly increased after septoplasty, whereas significant discrepancy of nasal airway volume between concave and convex sides became insignificant. No significant difference was noted both before and after septoplasty between the concave and convex sides in all seven biomarkers. The HMGB1, RANTES, IL-4, and TNF-α concentrations following septoplasty showed significant decrease in 34 nasal cavities of 17 patients (all p < 0.05). However, when the 17 concave and 17 convex sides were analyzed separately, the significant reduction in four biomarkers were only significant in the concave sides (all p < 0.05), but not significantly reduced in convex sides. Septoplasty may have benefited not only in normalizing the nasal airflow and symptom improvement, but also in nonspecific inflammation attenuation in the nasal airway.
Association of underweight status with the risk of tuberculosis: a nationwide population-based cohort study
Authors: Cho Su Hwan , Lee Hyun , Kwon Hyuktae , Shin Dong Wook , Joh Hee-Kyung , Han Kyungdo , Park Jin Ho , Cho Belong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn studies evaluating the association between body mass index (BMI) and risk of tuberculosis (TB), the data for the underweight population has been limited and results were conflicting. Our study aimed to evaluate whether being underweight increases the risk of TB using a nationwide representative sample from the Republic of Korea. A large population-based cohort study of over ten million subjects who participated in the health screening in 2010 was performed using the Korean National Health Insurance database 2010–2017. We evaluated the incidence and risk of TB by BMI category (kg/m2) for Asians using a multivariable Cox regression model, adjusting for age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, regular exercise, low-income state, and underlying hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. To evaluate the association between BMI and TB risk, the underweight population was further subdivided according to the degree of thinness. During 70,063,154.3 person-years of follow-up, 52,615 of 11,135,332 individuals developed active TB with an incidence of 0.75 per 1000 person-years. Overall, there was a log-linear inverse relationship between TB incidence and BMI, within the BMI range of 15–30 kg/m2 (R2 = 0.95). The estimated adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for incident TB in the underweight population (BMI < 18.5) was 2.08 (95% confidence intervals, CI 2.02–2.15), overweight (23 ≤ BMI < 25) was 0.56 (0.55–0.58) and obese (BMI ≥ 25) was 0.40 (0.39–0.41) relative to the normal weight population. Among the underweight population, TB risk increased as the degree of thinness increased (adjusted HR = 1.98, 1.91–2.05; 2.50, 2.33–2.68; and 2.83, 2.55–3.15, for mild, moderate and severe thinness, respectively) (p for trend < 0.001). We found a significant inverse relationship between BMI and TB incidence, which was especially profound in the underweight population. Public health strategies to screen TB more actively in the underweight population and improve their weight status may help reduce the burden of TB.
Hypoconnectivity between anterior insula and amygdala associates with future vulnerabilities in social development in a neurodiverse sample of neonates
Authors: Scheinost Dustin , Chang Joseph , Lacadie Cheryl , Brennan-Wydra Emma , Foster Rachel , Boxberger Alexandra , Macari Suzanne , Vernetti Angelina , Constable R. Todd , Ment Laura R. , Chawarska Katarzyna 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAltered resting state functional connectivity (FC) involving the anterior insula (aINS), a key node in the salience network, has been reported consistently in autism. Here we examined, for the first time, FC between the aINS and the whole brain in a sample of full-term, postmenstrual age (PMA) matched neonates (mean 44.0 weeks, SD = 1.5) who due to family history have high likelihood (HL) for developing autism (n = 12) and in controls (n = 41) without family history of autism (low likelihood, LL). Behaviors associated with autism were evaluated between 12 and 18 months (M = 17.3 months, SD = 2.5) in a subsample (25/53) of participants using the First Year Inventory (FYI). Compared to LL controls, HL neonates showed hypoconnectivity between left aINS and left amygdala. Lower connectivity between the two nodes was associated with higher FYI risk scores in the social domain (r(25) = −0.561, p = .003) and this association remained robust when maternal mental health factors were considered. Considering that a subsample of LL participants (n = 14/41) underwent brain imaging during the fetal period at PMA 31 and 34 weeks, in an exploratory analysis, we evaluated prospectively development of the LaINS-Lamy connectivity and found that the two areas strongly coactivate throughout the third trimester of pregnancy. The study identifies left lateralized anterior insula—amygdala connectivity as a potential target of further investigation into neural circuitry that enhances likelihood of future onset of social behaviors associated with autism during neonatal and potentially prenatal periods.
Autologous matrix induced chondrogenesis (AMIC) as revision procedure for failed AMIC in recurrent symptomatic osteochondral defects of the talus
Authors: Migliorini Filippo , Schenker Hanno , Maffulli Nicola , Eschweiler Jörg , Lichte Philipp , Hildebrand Frank , Weber Christian David 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAutologous matrix induced chondrogenesis (AMIC) is a bone marrow stimulating technique used for the surgical management of chondral defects of the talus. The present study evaluated the clinical outcomes and imaging of AMIC as revision procedure for failed AMIC surgery for osteochondral defects of the talus. Forty-eight patients with symptomatic osteochondral defects who received a revision AMIC were evaluated after a minimum of two years follow-up. Patients with previous procedures rather than AMIC, those who required additional surgical procedures (e.g. ligament repair or deformity correction), or those who had evidence of kissing, bilateral, or multiple lesions were excluded. Outcome parameters included the Visual Analogic Scale (VAS), Tegner Activity Scale, the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Score (AOFAS), and the Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue (MOCART) score. All patients were followed by an assessor who was not involved in the clinical management. 27 patients were enrolled in the present study. The mean age of the patient was 34.9 ± 3.1 years, and the mean BMI 27.2 ± 5.1 kg/m2. The mean defect surface area was 2.8 ± 1.9 cm2. The mean follow-up was 44.3 ± 21.4 months. The mean hospital length of stay was 4.4 ± 1.4 days. At final follow-up, the mean VAS score was 4.1 ± 3.1, the mean Tegner 3.5 ± 1.6, the mean AOFAS 58.8 ± 20.6. The preoperative MOCART score was 22.1 ± 13.7 points, the postoperative MOCART score was 42.3 ± 27.9 points (+ 20.2%; P = 0.04), respectively. 30% (8 of 27 patients) experienced persistent pain and underwent a further chondral procedure. Concluding, AMIC could be a viable option as revision procedure for failed AMIC in recurrent symptomatic osteochondral defects of the talus. The PROMs indicated that patients were moderately satisfied with the procedure, and the MOCART score demonstrated a significant improvement from baseline to the last follow-up. A deeper understanding in prognostic factors and patient selection is critical to prevent failures.
Development and characterization of DNA aptamer against Retinoblastoma by Cell-SELEX
Authors: Maradani Bhavani Shankar , Parameswaran Sowmya , Subramanian Krishnakumar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRetinoblastoma (RB) is the most common paediatric intraocular tumour. The management of RB has improved the survival and vision with recent advances in the treatment. Improved therapeutic approaches focussing on targeting tumours and minimizing the treatment-associated side effects are being developed. In this study, we generated a ssDNA aptamer against RB by cell-SELEX and high-throughput sequencing using Weri-RB1 cell line as the target, and Muller glial cell line Mio-M1 as the control. Three aptamers were selected based on the number of repetitions in NGS and phylogenetic relationship and evaluated by flow cytometry to assess their binding affinity and selectivity. The dissociation constant, Kd values of three selected aptamers were found to be in the nanomolar range. Aptamer VRF-CSRB-01 with the best binding affinity and a Kd value of 49.41 ± 7.87 nM was further characterized. The proteinase and temperature treatment indicated that VRF-CSRB-01 targets surface proteins, and has a good binding affinity and excellent selectivity under physiological conditions. The aptamer VRF-CSRB-01 was stable over 72 h in serum and 96 h in cerebral spinal fluid and vitreous. With the high affinity, specificity, stability and specific recognition of clinical RB tumours, VRF-CSRB-01 aptamer holds potential for application in diagnosis and targeting RB.
Iron status and the risk of sepsis and severe COVID-19: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Mohus Randi Marie , Flatby Helene , Liyanarachi Kristin V. , DeWan Andrew T. , Solligård Erik , Damås Jan Kristian , Åsvold Bjørn Olav , Gustad Lise T. , Rogne Tormod 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObservational studies have indicated an association between iron status and risk of sepsis and COVID-19. We estimated the effect of genetically-predicted iron biomarkers on risk of sepsis and risk of being hospitalized with COVID-19, performing a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. For risk of sepsis, one standard deviation increase in genetically-predicted serum iron was associated with odds ratio (OR) of 1.14 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–1.29, P = 0.031). The findings were supported in the analyses for transferrin saturation and total iron binding capacity, while the estimate for ferritin was inconclusive. We found a tendency of higher risk of hospitalization with COVID-19 for serum iron; OR 1.29 (CI 0.97–1.72, P = 0.08), whereas sex-stratified analyses showed OR 1.63 (CI 0.94–2.86, P = 0.09) for women and OR 1.21 (CI 0.92–1.62, P = 0.17) for men. Sensitivity analyses supported the main findings and did not suggest bias due to pleiotropy. Our findings suggest a causal effect of genetically-predicted higher iron status and risk of hospitalization due to sepsis and indications of an increased risk of being hospitalized with COVID-19. These findings warrant further studies to assess iron status in relation to severe infections, including the potential of improved management.
Genome editing using a versatile vector-based CRISPR/Cas9 system in Fusarium species
Authors: Shinkado Sota , Saito Hiroki , Yamazaki Masaya , Kotera Shunsuke , Arazoe Takayuki , Arie Tsutomu , Kamakura Takashi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFusarium species include important filamentous fungal pathogens that can infect plants, animals, and humans. Meanwhile, some nonpathogenic Fusarium species are promising biocontrol agents against plant pathogens. Here, we developed a genome editing technology using a vector-based CRISPR/Cas9 system for Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol). This optimized CRISPR/Cas9 system, harboring an endogenous U6 small nuclear RNA promoter for the expression of single-guide RNA and an endogenous H2B nuclear localization signal for the localization of Cas9, enabled efficient targeted gene knock-out, including in the accessory chromosomal regions in Fol. We further demonstrated single crossover-mediated targeted base editing and endogenous gene tagging. This system was also applicable for genome editing in F. oxysporum f. sp. spinaciae and F. commune without any modifications, suggesting that this CRISPR/Cas9 vector has a potential application for a broad range of researches on other Fusarium species.
Une expérience d'enseignement de l'IoT
Authors: Chemla Jean-Paul , Lescieux Matthieu , Riera Bernard , Emprin Fabien 
Published: September 2022

L'Internet des objets est en constante croissance aussi bien dans le grand public que dans l'industrie. Cela regroupe beaucoup de disciplines et de thématiques, de la propagation d'onde aux tableaux de bords en passant par les réseaux, les protocoles, la programmation de micro-contrôleurs et la gestion d'énergie.
La formation proposée ici se concentre sur la mise en oeuvre de communication wifi à l'aide de micro-contrôleurs et du protocole MQTT ainsi que sur la programmation orientée événements avec le logiciel Node-RED.
Approches thermodynamiques globale et locale appliquées à un cycle reversible triangulaire à transformation « infinitherme »
Authors: Nagels Maxime , Anakkar Abdelkader , Guelzim Abdelhalim 
Published: September 2022

L’enseignement de la thermodynamique peut se faire selon deux approches. L’approche globale reposant sur une variation finie des fonctions d’état et l’approche locale utilisant l’écriture différentielle. Lors de la réforme des programmes de CPGE en 2014-2015 l’approche globale a été privilégiée en première année alors que l’approche différentielle a été repoussée en seconde année. L’objet de cet article est de montrer que l’approche globale peut amener des résultats paradoxaux à première vue. Alors que l’approche locale n’apparait pas seulement comme un complément de l’approche globale ; mais elle est un apport essentiel à la résolution des problèmes de thermodynamique.
Nous illustrons ces aspects par l’étude d’un cycle thermodynamique particulier présentant une portion de droite de type P = mV + b. La transformation, associée à cette portion affine, peut être qualifiée de transformation infinitherme dans la mesure où chaque point de la portion correspond à une valeur de température différente.
La sociologie de l’alimentation comme piste pour lutter contre les maladies chroniques et les inégalités sociales de santé
Authors: Lebredonchel Louis , Lemarchand Frédérick , Fardet Anthony 
Published: September 2022

Face à la croissante prévalence des maladies chroniques (phénomène aussi appelé « transition épidémiologique »), notre santé est intrinsèquement liée à notre relation avec l’environnement. Elle ne dépend plus seulement de soins, mais aussi et surtout de sa prévention. L’alimentation est une interaction quotidienne avec l’environnement, elle peut soit contribuer à prévenir des maladies chroniques, soit les favoriser. Si s’alimenter représente un pouvoir d’agir au quotidien sur notre santé, ce pouvoir se retrouve contraint par des facteurs socioéconomiques, ainsi que largement influencé par des facteurs culturels. Les plus précaires sont les plus affectés par les maladies chroniques, tout en ayant une alimentation susceptible de contribuer à leur développement. La sociologie de l’alimentation peut aider à élaborer une prévention adaptée, via l’étude des représentations alimentaires de ces populations.
Kritische Prüfung der Evidenz dauerhaft aufgenommener psychosozialer digitaler Gesundheitsanwendungen in das Verzeichnis für erstattungsfähige digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen des BfArM
Authors: Wolff Lara Luisa , Rapp Michael , Mocek Anja 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungDigitale Gesundheitsanwendungen (DiGA) als psychosoziale therapeutische Interventionen bringen großes Potenzial mit sich, da sie nachweislich einen medizinischen Nutzen oder patient*innenrelevante Struktur- und Verfahrensverbesserungen in der Versorgung bewirken. Ihre Anwendung als konservative Erstlinien- oder Begleittherapie wird von den gesetzlichen Krankenkassen erstattet. Um dauerhaft in das Verzeichnis für erstattungsfähige DiGA des Bundesinstituts für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte (BfArM) aufgenommen zu werden, muss ein patient*innenrelevanter Nutzen einer DiGA wissenschaftlich nachgewiesen werden. Ziel dieses Beitrags war die kritische Prüfung der Evidenz von dauerhaft aufgenommenen DiGA mittels der Methode des Critically Appraised Topic. Insgesamt ergab sich ein qualitativ hochwertiges Bild der Studienlage. Alle Studien zum Nachweis eines patient*innenrelevanten Nutzens erfüllten mindestens zwei Drittel der Evaluationskriterien.
Die aufsuchende Behandlung „Bremen ambulant vor Ort (BravO)“
Authors: Briel Denis , Schulz Maike , Schaper Oliver , Reimer Jens 
Published: September 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Bisherige gesetzliche Grundlagen zur Förderung aufsuchender Behandlung schwer psychisch Erkrankter bringen Einschränkungen in der Umsetzung mit sich. Mit ‚Bremen ambulant vor Ort (BravO)‘ wurde ein Konzept zur aufsuchenden Behandlung auf Grundlage der Bundespflegesatzverordnung geschaffen.
Methodik Rahmenbedingungen und Konzept von BravO werden dargestellt, Behandlungskennzahlen wurden für den Zeitraum 01.10.2019–30.09.2021 ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse 20 vollstationäre Behandlungsplätze wurden aufgegeben und die finanziellen sowie personellen Ressourcen äquivalent BravO zur Verfügung gestellt. Es wurden 298 Patienten bzw. 392 Fälle durch BravO behandelt. Die Behandlungsdauer lag bei 36 Tagen (Median), die Anzahl der Tage mit Leistungserbringung bei 21 Tagen (Median). 74,7 % wiesen eine Diagnose aus den Gruppen F2 und F3 auf.
Schlussfolgerung Die Implementierung von BravO in die Routineversorgung konnte erfolgreich umgesetzt werden. BravO ermöglicht eine flexible Behandlung psychisch schwer Erkrankter im häuslichen Umfeld abseits bisheriger Modelle.