bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endosomal trafficking and related genetic underpinnings as a hub in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Limone Adriana , Veneruso Iolanda , D'Argenio Valeria , Sarnataro Daniela 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGenetic studies support the amyloid cascade as the leading hypothesis for the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although significant efforts have been made in untangling the amyloid and other pathological events in AD, ongoing interventions for AD have not been revealed efficacious for slowing down disease progression. Recent advances in the field of genetics have shed light on the etiology of AD, identifying numerous risk genes associated with late‐onset AD, including genes related to intracellular endosomal trafficking. Some of the bases for the development of AD may be explained by the recently emerging AD genetic “hubs,” which include the processing pathway of amyloid precursor protein and the endocytic pathway. The endosomal genetic hub may represent a common pathway through which many pathological effects can be mediated and novel, alternative biological targets could be identified for therapeutic interventions. The aim of this review is to focus on the genetic and biological aspects of the endosomal compartments related to AD progression. We report recent studies which describe how changes in endosomal genetics impact on functional events, such as the amyloidogenic and non‐amyloidogenic processing, degradative pathways, and the importance of receptors related to endocytic trafficking, including the 37/67 kDa laminin‐1 receptor ribosomal protein SA, and their implications for neurodegenerative diseases.
Pharmacognostic standardization of Xanthium spinosum L. through scanning electron microscopy and analytical techniques
Authors: Shabana  , Barkatullah  , Nafees Muhammad 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe present study was intended to evaluate the pharmacognostic attributes including macroscopy, microscopy, physico‐chemical and phytochemical screening of the aerial part of Xanthium spinosum, belonging to family Asteraceae. Morphologically, the leaf was covered with sparsely scattered non‐glandular, multicellular hair on adaxial surface, while abaxial surface was reported with dense silvery furs. Leaf showed lamphystomatic nature bearing anomocytic stomata. Various other leaf constant values like vein islets number, vein termination number and palisade cell ratio were also observed and recorded as 4.36 ± 0.5, 3.36 ± 0.5, and 11.82 ± 2.04, respectively. Cross section of the stem showed typical dicot anatomy differentiated into a single epidermal layer followed by few rows of collenchyma cells, thin‐walled parenchyma cells followed by closed and collateral vascular bundles having prephloemic sheaths and a central pith. Light and scanning electron microscopy of the powdered drug revealed a variety of tissues and cells fragments having different measurements. Fluorescence analysis of the fine powder treated with different reagents revealed a variety of colors implying as a sign for the presence of various biochemical constituents. Highest and lowest percent extractive value was found in methanol and distilled water which were 29.10% and 9.80%, respectively. Qualitative phytochemical screening revealed the presence of various secondary metabolites like flavonoids, phenols, tannins, glycosides, phytosterols, glycosides, saponins, and coumarins, while quantitative phytochemical screening detected maximum quantity of flavonoids in chloroform followed by methanol and ethyl acetate. The aforementioned studies have been reported first time for the said species, which may be helpful for the standardization of the current taxon.
Career adaptability and mediated social network process linking achievement goal orientation to behavior
Authors: Jeong Chae‐Yun , Hong Ah Jeong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study verified the mediating effect of career adaptability and the mediating effect of social network type between achievement goal orientation and occupational engagement for college students (N = 353) in Korea. The findings showed the mediating effect of career adaptability between achievement goal and occupational engagement. The moderating effect of the social network was confirmed only in learning goal orientation and avoidance goal orientation among the subfactors of achievement goal orientation. Based on the results of the study, intervention implications for college students’ career education and counseling were discussed.
Assessing the effect of antihypertensives on plaque microbiota in patients with periodontitis and hypertension using 16S rRNA sequencing: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Kim Hyun‐Joo , Shim Kyu‐Won , Na Hee Sam , Kim Si Yeong , Yu Yeuni , Song Yuri , Lee Hyun Ah , Lee Ju Youn , Lee Jae‐Hyung , Chung Jin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundPeriodontitis is initiated or accelerated by dysbiosis of oral microorganisms. When hypertension is accompanied in periodontitis patients, changes of oral microbiota occur. Since there are no reports on antihypertensives, we assessed their effect on the oral microbial profiles of patients with periodontitis.MethodsThis study involved 95 participants divided into two groups: those with periodontitis and hypertension (P_HT), and those with periodontitis and taking medications for hypertension (P_mHT). Plaque samples were collected from the buccal, supragingival, and subgingival sites of the oral cavities of these patients. DNA was extracted, and the V3–V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA was sequenced and analyzed.ResultsThe P_HT and P_mHT groups were similar with respect to the alpha‐ and beta‐diversity as well as the dominant phyla and genera, but differed in the relative abundance of bacterial species (85 species). In the P_mHT group, the relative abundance of major periodontal pathogens was greatly increased. In particular,Tannerella forsythia,Treponema denticola, andFretibacterium fastidiosumincreased nearly three times in the linear discriminant analysis score in the supragingival plaque. Also, there was an increase in the relative abundance ofPrevotellaspp., associated with periodontitis and nitrate reduction, which was also evident in the supragingival plaque.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that antihypertensives induce dysbiotic changes in the oral microbiota of patients with periodontitis, which are associated with increases in the relative abundance of periodontal pathogens. Therefore, more active periodontal treatment and supportive periodontal therapy are required in patients taking antihypertensives.
Causes of decadal distributions of Indian summer monsoon rainfall during the last 1500 years
Authors: Wang Zhiyuan , Wang Jianglin , Shi Xiaoyi , Jia Jia , Yan Mi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the distribution of Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR) and the relationships with external forcing factors (EXFs) and internal climate variability (ICV) is crucial for improving the prediction accuracy of ISMR. Here, we explore and quantify the influence of EXFs and ICV on the distribution of ISMR at decadal timescales over the past 1500 years using the Community Earth System Model (CESM). We identified the major ICV and EXF modes of ISMR distributions in simulations from 501 to 1850 ad and 1851 to 2000
ad. The results show that ICV plays a dominant role in decadal ISMR changes during the pre‐industrial and the current periods. Simulations show east–west contrasts over the Indian subcontinent, with a center of rainfall variability in the high‐latitude regions around 28°N. The EXF mode, calculated from the leading mode of the singular value decomposition analysis, exhibits a nearly uniform increase (or decrease) in the distribution of ISMR over the study region. From 501 to 1850
ad, the signals of greenhouse gases (GHGs), and land use and land cover (LULC) in the ISMR at the decadal timescale are weak and difficult to isolate from the ICV. Our numerical analyses show that natural forcing was a dominant contribution (~64.1%) to the forced ISMR distribution. From 1851 to 2000
ad, natural forcing, GHGs and LULC all contributed to the forced ISMR distribution. GHGs represent a key external forcing factor affecting the distribution of ISMR and could explain 22.3% of the total variance. LULC and natural forcing factors contribute 17.5 and 16.4% to the total variance, respectively. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms controlling decadal variability of the Indian summer monsoon.
cgSSR marker‐based genome‐wide association study identified genomic regions for panicle characters and yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Sah Rameswar Prasad , Nayak Amrit Kumar , Chandrappa Anilkumar , Behera Sasmita , Azharudheen TP Muhammed , Lavanya G Roopa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo improve production efficiency, positive alleles corresponding to yield‐related attributes must be accumulated in a single elite background. We designed and used cgSSR markers, which are superior to random SSR markers in genome‐wide association study, to identify genomic regions that contribute to panicle characters and grain yield in this study.RESULTSAs evidenced by the high polymorphic information content value and gene diversity coefficient, the new cgSSR markers were determined to be highly informative. These cgSSR markers were employed to generate genotype data for an association panel evaluated for four panicle characters and grain yield over three seasons. For five traits, 17 significant marker–trait associations on six chromosomes were discovered. The percentage of phenotypic variance that could be explained ranged from 4% to 13%. Unrelated gene‐derived markers had a strong association with target traits as well.CONCLUSIONTrait‐associated cgSSR markers derived from corresponding or related genes ensure their utility in direct allele selection, while other linked markers aid in allele selection indirectly by altering the phenotype of interest. Through a marker‐assisted breeding approach, these marker–trait associations can be leveraged to accumulate favourable alleles for yield enhancement in rice. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Quality assurance and quality control in surgical oncology
Authors: Hardt Julia L. , Merkow Ryan P. , Reissfelder Christoph , Rahbari Nuh N. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEven though surgery has remained a key component within multi‐disciplinary cancer care, the expectations have changed. Instead of serving as a modality to free a patient of a mass at all means and at the risk of high morbidity, modern cancer surgery is expected to provide adequate tumor clearance with lowest invasiveness. This review summarizes the evidence on quality assurance in surgical oncology and gives a comprehensive overview of quality improvement tools.
Waste Recovery and Circular Economy: A Resource from Orange Peels Deriving from Production of Orange Juice
Authors: Naviglio Daniele , Montesano Domenico , Ciaravolo Martina , Savastano Alessandro , Nebbioso Viviana , Toscanesi Maria , Piccirillo Anna Maria , Gallo Monica 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the perspective of biosustainable development and renewable resource technologies, by‐products and waste from agro‐industrial sector represent a relatively cheap source of material suitable for several aims, which would reduce both the amount of waste and the related costs of disposal, while producing added‐value nutritional products. The processing waste of oranges find various fields of application, in fact in addition to their use in agriculture as a fertilizer, orange peels can be used to produce candied fruit. Moreover, in a very recent application with the aim to recover these industrial residues, a chemical process that allows the processing of orange peel waste has been developed. This process is useful for obtaining a purified cellulose suitable for spinning, thus creating a truly innovative and sustainable fabric (Orange Fiber). In this work, the orange peels from industrial processing waste are subjected to a first hydroalcoholic extraction which allowed to obtain an extract rich in essential oils that can be used in the food sector to produce liqueurs and/or aromas, but also in the cosmetic or pharmacological sectors. Subsequently, the peels after hydroalcoholic extraction are dried and this residue represents a valuable product rich in dietetic fiber useful in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical fields. Moreover, the same product can be used as fertilizer in agriculture. In light of this, citrus fruit processing waste can be considered as a sustainable and renewable energy source.
Hydration of Triethylenetetramine Based Inhibitor Film Accelerate the Chloride‐Induced Corrosion in Concrete: A Molecular Dynamics Study
Authors: Raffaini Giuseppina , Catauro Michelina , Ganazzoli Fabio , Bolzoni Fabio , Ormellese Marco 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOrganic corrosion inhibitors can be used to prevent chloride‐induced corrosion in reinforced concrete structures by improving the performance of the reinforcement. In this theoretical study Molecular Mechanics (MM) and Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations are performed in order to better understand the interaction mechanisms with the passive film present on steel, in particular considering an iron oxide hydroxide γ‐FeOOH surface, which can be subjected to chloride‐induced corrosion when covered by a hydrated triethylenetetramine (TETA, molecular structure NH2–CH2CH2–(NHCH2CH2)2–NH2) inhibitor film. MD simulations are a very useful tool because they describe at the atomistic level both the specific solid surface and the organic inhibitors molecules in the passive film in presence of chloride ions as studied in previous work and the role of water molecules explicitly considered in this new investigation. Hydration of organic TETA inhibitor film in presence of chloride ions always accelerates the corrosion process, as is known experimentally. In this theoretical work water molecules effectively induce chloride ions to adsorb more quickly on the γ‐FeOOH surface and in greater numbers than in the same simulations studied without water molecules. This TETA film cannot efficiently prevent the chloride‐induced corrosion process because it cannot exhibit a significant repulsion to chloride ions and the hydrated film accelerates the penetration of chloride into the protective film. This theoretical work is important for understanding the organic inhibitor able to form a stable hydrated film by preventing the chloride‐induced corrosion or mitigating corrosion damage of reinforced concrete.
Kinetic Study of the Thermal Dehydration of SiO2 and SiO2‐ZrO2 Composites Prepared by Sol–Gel Route
Authors: Blanco Ignazio , Catauro Michelina , Cicala Gianluca , Dal Poggetto Giovanni , Tosto Claudio 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSiO2, ZrO2, and SiO2‐ZrO2 composites at different percentages of zirconia are synthesized by the sol–gel method and thermally characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to investigate the kinetics of the dehydration process. The synthesized samples are subjected to TGA and the obtained data are treated by the Kissinger method to calculate the apparent activation energy (Ea) of dehydration. The obtained kinetic parameters are discussed and compared each other and with those obtained for the pristine silica.
Strength of Contact Geometry for Multi‐material 3D‐Printed Samples
Authors: Ermolai Vasile , Sover Alexandru , Nagit Gheorghe 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFused filament fabrication is an extrusion‐based additive manufacturing technology with relatively low‐cost equipment and a great variety of materials from standard to engineering grade. Multiple extrusion systems allow for new opportunities regarding the manufacturing of multi‐color and multi‐material parts. However, regular bond formation of part's bodies provided by the slicing tool offers good results regarding the resulting product's dimensional stability but poor mechanical properties. For this reason, this paper aims to investigate if the mechanical properties of compatible polymers can be enhanced by modifying the regular flat to a flat surface with different shape interfaces and an overlap degree between them. Furthermore, for a broader understanding of the bond formation, the design of the experiment comprises two groups referring to the material blend along with their melting ranges and join geometry, which is constrained with regard to nozzle output size. The results show that the mechanical properties of multi‐material bonds can be enhanced conveniently by adding an overlap degree between mating bodies.
Wound Healing on Application of Natural and Synthetic Polymer Materials with Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Dovnar Ruslan I. , Vasil'kov Alexander Yu. , Dovnar Igor S. , Iaskevich Nikolai N. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractComparison of the healing rates of different wound types using natural and synthetic polymers, containing silver nanoparticles. Experimental purulent and aseptic wounds are created on white rats. In the course of treatment, dressings are performed daily, including photographing the wound and applying various types of nanocomposite polymer materials. Cotton gauze, which is a polysaccharide, is taken as a natural polymer. The synthetic polymer is a nonwoven hydro‐bonded polypropylene material produced by extrusion of polypropylene filaments. Silver nanoparticles used in the study are obtained by the metal‐steam synthesis method. It is found that in all animals with aseptic or purulent created wound in the first 4 days of the experiment, an increase in the area of the wound is observed with respect to the initial one, much less pronounced in the presence of silver nanoparticles in the material. On the following days of treatment, up to complete healing, the decrease in the wound area in relation to the initial one in the experimental group (with silver nanoparticles) occurs more intensively than in the control group of animals (p < 0.05). Both natural and synthetic polymeric materials coated with silver nanoparticles synthesized by metal‐steam synthesis method accelerate the healing of both experimental aseptic and purulent wounds. However, the rate of wound healing when using natural or synthetic materials differs depending on the type of wound and the presence of microbial contamination, which should be taken into account when creating a new generation of dressings.
Reactive Direct Bonding of Digital Light Process Components
Authors: Moritzer Elmar , Driediger Christine 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA major restriction in additive manufacturing is the limited build volume of the printers. If components with larger dimensions are to be manufactured additively, the STL‐file is often split up into smaller files and manufactured in several jobs and joined afterwards. A frequently used joining process is adhesive bonding. High strength and durability of bonded joints can be achieved with chemically curing adhesives. In chemically cured adhesives, monomers or oligomers are present, which react as a function of time, temperature, and pressure to form a polymeric adhesive layer. One‐component systems do not react without activation. Triggers for the reaction can be water, the absence of oxygen, radiation (e.g., UV light), or heat. In the Digital Light Processing (DLP), the component is also built up via a chemical reaction. This is triggered, layer by layer, by UV light and is comparable to the reaction of a UV curing adhesive. Directly after manufacturing, the DLP components are not fully cured. This can be used for a reactive direct bonding of the DLP components without any additional adhesives. In this study, a procedure is developed for reactive direct bonding and the strength of the bonding joint is investigated. Different resins are considered and also a suitability for material combinations is investigated. The results of this study show that reactive direct bonding of DLP components is possible and that high bond strengths can be achieved.
Production of PLA‐Milled Carbon Fibers (MCF) filled filaments for Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) printing
Authors: Tosto Claudio , Pergolizzi Eugenio , Vitiello Libera , Filippone Giovanni , Cicala Gianluca 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPolylactide (PLA) filaments for fused filament fabrication (FFF) printing with high content of milled carbon fibers (MCF, average length of 1000 nm) are produced. The selected MCF are obtained from commercial sources that derives them from pyrolysis of carbon fibers composites. Twin‐screw extruder equipped with volumetric and side feeders are used to melt mix different content of MCF (i.e., from 10 to 30 wt%) prior to filament extrusion. The produced reinforced filaments are used for 3D printing specimens that are characterized in terms of their thermomechanical properties. Higher mechanical properties compared to commercial reinforced filaments are obtained with the filament modified with 30 wt% of MCF.
Effect of Shear on Structural Organization of Various Recombinant Spidroins
Authors: Sharikov Roman V. , Tenchurin T. Kh. , Belousov S. I. , Streltsov D. R. , Davydova L. I. , Yastremsky E. V. , Bogush V. G. , Chvalun S. N. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo follow the structural reorganization of spidroin during its spinning, the rheological behavior of low‐concentration solution of recombinant spidroins rS1/9 and rS2/12 is studied on different stages of separation, purification, and lyophilization. It is shown that spidroin solutions with concentration of 1 mg mL−1 appear to be structured liquids with yield stress around value 0.2 Pa. Distribution of hydrodynamic radii of spidroins reveals two peaks due to presence of single particles and aggregates both. Their ability for spidroin transformation from micellar to fibrillar structure under shear stress is demonstrated. Studying rheological behavior of recombinant spidroin solutions and their supramolecular organization is necessary to select the optimal spinning parameters to produce fibrous materials with required physicochemical properties.
Research of Continuous Carbon Fiber Content in Porous Composite Structures Produced by Using Additive Manufacturing Technology
Authors: Maqsood Nabeel , Rimašauskas Marius 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) is a process of fabricating 3D parts layer upon layer until the final product is manufactured. This technology is employed in the engineering applications mainly in aerospace, automobile, medical implants, and textile, etc. In nowadays, most of the composite parts are fabricated using AM technologies due to easy production process, relatively high accuracy of produced parts, less material wastage, huge range for material selection, and economic factors. During the production of composite materials, reinforcement content plays an important role in defining the strength, stiffness, and other properties of the composite structure. In this study, porous continuous carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite (CCFRPC) structures are fabricated using fused deposition modeling (FDM) extrusion based technology. Porous CCFRPC structures are additively manufactured using two types of infill patterns (grid and triangular) printed at three different infill densities levels (20%, 40%, and 60%). After the fabrication process, the content of continuous carbon fiber (CCF) in the composite is calculated and estimated using dissolution method. For the dissolution ASTM D 3171 standard procedure is used in order to define carbon fiber content in porous structures. The results show that triangular infill pattern contains more reinforcement content (CCF) compared to grid infill pattern. Moreover, higher reinforcement content in the structure is observed when infill density of the specimen is increasing.