bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of central obesity and its associated risk factors among adults in Southeast Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Tekalegn Yohannes , Solomon Damtew , Sahiledengle Biniyam , Assefa Tesfaye , Negash Wogene , Tahir Anwar , Regassa Tadele , Mamo Ayele , Gezahegn Habtamu , Bekele Kebebe , Zenbaba Demisu , Tasew Alelign , Desta Fikreab , Atlaw Daniel , Regassa Zegeye , Nugusu Fikadu , Engida Zinash Teferu , Tesfaye Degefa Gomora , Kene Chala , Nigussie Wondu Shiferaw , Chala Dereje , Abdi Adisu Gemechu , Beressa Girma , Woldeyohannes Demelash , Rogers Heather L. , Mwanri Lillian 
Published: August 2022

Background
Obesity and overweight are known public health problems that affect populations across the world. These conditions have been associated with a wide range of chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and cancers. In Ethiopia, the literature regarding the burden of central (abdominal) obesity is scarce. This study aimed to fill this gap by assessing the prevalence and risk factors associated with central obesity among adults in Ethiopia.

Methods
From May to July 2021, a community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted on a sample of 694 adults aged ≥18 years in administrative towns of Bale zone, Southeast Ethiopia. Multi-stage sampling followed by systematic random sampling was employed to identify study participants. Waist and hip circumferences were measured using standard protocols. The World Health Organization STEPS wise tool was used to assess risk factors associated with central obesity. Bi-variable and multi-variable binary logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with central obesity. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) have been reported to estimate the strength of associations.

Results
The overall prevalence of central obesity using waist circumference was 39.01% [(95% CI: 35.36–42.76; 15.44% for men and 53.12% for women)]. Multi-variable binary logistic regression analysis revealed that female sex (AOR = 12.93, 95% CI: 6.74–24.79), Age groups: 30–39 years old (AOR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.59–4.94), 40–49 years (AOR = 7.66, 95% CI: 3.87–15.15), 50–59 years (AOR = 4.65, 95% CI: 2.19–9.89), ≥60 years (AOR = 12.67, 95% CI: 5.46–29.39), occupational status like: housewives (AOR = 5.21, 95% CI: 1.85–14.62), self-employed workers (AOR = 4.63, 95% CI: 1.62–13.24), government/private/non-government employees (AOR = 4.68, 95% CI: 1.47–14.88), and skipping breakfast (AOR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.23–0.9) were significantly associated with central obesity.

Conclusions
Abdominal obesity has become an epidemic in Bale Zone’s towns in Southeastern Ethiopia. Female sex, age, being employed were positively associated with central obesity, while skipping breakfast was a protective factor.
Prevalence, risk factors, and cardiovascular disease outcomes associated with persistent blood pressure control: The Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Tajeu Gabriel S. , Colvin Calvin L. , Hardy Shakia T. , Bress Adam P. , Gaye Bamba , Jaeger Byron C. , Ogedegbe Gbenga , Sakhuja Swati , Sims Mario , Shimbo Daichi , O’Brien Emily C. , Spruill Tanya M. , Muntner Paul 
Published: August 2022

Background
Maintaining blood pressure (BP) control over time may contribute to lower risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) among individuals who are taking antihypertensive medication.

Methods
The Jackson Heart Study (JHS) enrolled 5,306 African-American adults ≥21 years of age and was used to determine the proportion of African Americans that maintain persistent BP control, identify factors associated with persistent BP control, and determine the association of persistent BP control with CVD events. This analysis included 1,604 participants who were taking antihypertensive medication at Visit 1 and had BP data at Visits 1 (2000–2004), 2 (2005–2008), and 3 (2009–2013). Persistent BP control was defined as systolic BP <140 mm Hg and diastolic BP <90 mm Hg at all three visits. CVD events were assessed from Visit 3 through December 31, 2016. Hazard ratios (HR) for the association of persistent BP control with CVD outcomes were adjusted for age, sex, systolic BP, smoking, diabetes, and total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol at Visit 3.

Results
At Visit 1, 1,226 of 1,604 participants (76.4%) with hypertension had controlled BP. Overall, 48.9% of participants taking antihypertensive medication at Visit 1 had persistent BP control. After multivariable adjustment for demographic, socioeconomic, clinical, behavioral, and psychosocial factors, and access-to-care, participants were more likely to have persistent BP control if they were <65 years of age, women, had family income ≥$25,000 at each visit, and visited a health professional in the year prior to each visit. The multivariable adjusted HR (95% confidence interval) comparing participants with versus without persistent BP control was 0.71 (0.46–1.10) for CVD, 0.68 (0.34–1.34) for coronary heart disease, 0.65 (0.27–1.52) for stroke, and 0.55 (0.33–0.90) for heart failure.

Conclusion
Less than half of JHS participants taking antihypertensive medication had persistent BP control, putting them at increased risk for heart failure.
Psychological and financial impacts of COVID-19-related travel measures: An international cross-sectional study
Authors: McDermid Pippa , Sooppiyaragath Soumya , Craig Adam , Sheel Meru , Blazek Katrina , Talty Siobhan , Seale Holly 
Published: August 2022

Background
The impact of COVID-19 international travel restrictions has to date, not been fully explored, and with the ongoing threat that new variants could potentially restrict movement further, it is important to consider the impacts that travel restrictions have on community members. This study aimed to evaluate the psychological and financial impact of COVID-19 travel restrictions on those separated from their partners or immediate families, as well as temporary visa holders who were unable to migrate.

Methods
Between 4 November 2021 to 1 December 2021, we executed a cross-sectional online survey targeting three specific groups; (1) those stranded from their partners; (2) those stranded from immediate families; and (3) temporary visa holders unable to migrate or cross international borders. We collected data on respondents’ demographic profile; the nature of COVID-19-related travel impacts; depression, anxiety, and stress levels (using the validated DASS-21); and finally, data on respondents financial, employment and accommodation situation.

Results
1363 respondents located globally completed the survey. 71.2% reported financial stress, 76.8% (x¯=11.57, SD = 5.94) reported moderate-to-extremely severe depression, 51.6% (x¯=6.80, SD = 5.49) moderate-to-extremely severe anxiety, and 62.6% (x¯=11.52, SD = 5.55) moderate-to-extremely severe stress levels. Statistically significant factors associated with moderate-to-extremely severe depression, anxiety, and stress included being female, chronic illness, and experiencing financial stress. Employment during COVID-19 –specifically essential services workers or unemployed—was associated with higher levels of anxiety and stress, with only essential workers being a predictor of higher stress severity. Factors that provided psychological protection included being older and having children.

Conclusion
This study is one of the first to explore the impact COVID-19-related international travel restrictions have had on the financial status and psychological health of affected individuals. It highlights the significant human cost associated with the restrictions and identifies psychologically vulnerable populations. These results will help the design of targeted health and social policy responses.
Pregnancy and delivery after spine fracture or surgery: A nationwide population-based register study in Finland
Authors: Vaajala Matias , Kuitunen Ilari , Nyrhi Lauri , Ponkilainen Ville , Kekki Maiju , Huttunen Tuomas , Mäntymäki Heikki , Mattila Ville 
Published: August 2022

Background
The incidences of spine fractures and fusion surgeries have increased. A few studies have reported an increased rate of caesarean sections (CS) in women who have undergone spine surgery but have not reported on the health of neonates.

Objective
We report the incidence of spine fractures, spine fracture surgeries and fusion surgery for other reasons and the effect of these injuries and procedures on later pregnancy outcomes in Finland.

Methods
Data on all fertile-aged women (1998–2018) who had undergone spine fracture or spine fusion surgery were retrieved from the Care Register for Healthcare and combined with data from the National Medical Birth Register. Women with spine fracture or spine surgery before pregnancy were compared with women without previous spine fracture or surgery. We calculated incidences of spine fracture, spine fracture surgery and fusion surgery for other reasons with 95% confidence intervals (CI). We used multivariable logistic regression to evaluate CS and neonatal health. Results are reported as adjusted odds ratios (AOR).

Results
The main finding of our study was the increasing incidence (156%) of spine fusion surgeries for other reasons in fertile-aged women. A total CS rate (including elective and unplanned CS) in the spine fracture group was 19.7% (AOR 1.26, CI 1.17–1.34), in fusion surgery for other reasons group 25.3% (AOR 1.37, CI 1.30–1.49) and 15.9% in the control group. The rate for neonates requiring intensive care in the spine fracture group was 12.2% (AOR 1.18, CI 1.08–1.29), in fusion surgery for other reasons group 13.6% (AOR 1.12, CI 1.02–1.23) and 10.0% in the control group.

Conclusions
The incidence of fusion surgery for other reasons increased during our study period. The rate of CS was higher in women with preceding spine fracture or fusion surgery. Our results suggest that vaginal delivery after fractures of the spine is both possible and safe for mother and neonate.
Patient-reported factors associated with avoidance of in-person care during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results from a national survey
Authors: Arnetz Bengt B. , Goetz Courtney , vanSchagen John , Baer William , Smith Stacy , Arnetz Judith E. 
Published: August 2022

Background
There has been a substantial decline in in-person care in inpatient and outpatient settings during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Avoidance of needed in-person care may contribute to an avoidable decline in patient health and an increase in mortality. While several systems and behavioral theories have been put forward to explain the decline, there is a lack of studies informed by patients’ own experiences. The current study applied a socio-ecological model encompassing patient, environmental, and institutional-related variables to examine patient-reported factors associated with avoidance of in-person care.

Methods
Between October and December 2020, a total of 3840 persons responded to a nationwide online questionnaire that was administered using ResearchMatch and Facebook. Self-reported avoidance of in-person care among those who needed it was the main outcome. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with avoidance of needed care.

Findings
Out of a total of 3372 respondents who reported that they needed in-person care during the early phase of the pandemic, 257 (7.6%) avoided it. Patient-related variables associated with avoiding needed care included younger age (odds ratio (OR), 1.46, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.94, p<0.01; <45 y/o vs 45+), inability to afford care (OR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.17 to 2.34, p<0.01), and greater COVID-related stress (OR = 1.36, CI 1.01 to 1.83, p<0.05). More frequent discussions about COVID with family and friends was the only significant environment-related avoidance of care variable (OR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.01–1.91, p < .05). Institution-related care avoidance variables included a negative patient healthcare experience rating (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.38 to 2.42, p<0.001), poor awareness of the institution’s safety protocol (OR = 1.79, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.51, p<0.01), and low ratings of the institution’s effectiveness in communicating their safety protocol (OR = 3.45, 95% CI 1.94 to 6.12, p<0.001). The final model predicted 11.9% of the variance in care avoidance.

Conclusions
These results suggest that care avoidance of in-person care during the initial phase of the pandemic was influenced by a patient’s demographics as well as environmental and healthcare institutional factors. Patients’ previous experiences and their awareness of healthcare systems’ safety protocols are important factors in care avoidance.
The Effect of Intellectual Capital and Innovative Work Behavior on Business Performance
Authors: Almaududi Ausat Abu Muna , Widayani Anna , Rachmawati Ika , Latifah Nunuk , Suherlan Suherlan 
Published: August 2022

The twenty-first century is a century of knowledge, discovery, and innovation, with rapid advances in science and information technology marking significant developments. The level of competitiveness within organizations is increasing. This truth motivates entrepreneurs to grow in order for their businesses to thrive. The major goal of this research is to examine how intellectual capital and innovative work behavior affect business performance in SMEs. The author then explains the three constructions' conceptual structure. To further understand the relationship between variables, quantitative methods based on Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Partial Least Squares (PLS) variance were used. Participants were chosen from SMEs in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, via an online questionnaire. The findings of this research show that intellectual capital and creative work behavior have a positive and significant effect on business performance. SMEs can use intellectual capital to define expected performance and as a tool to evaluate performance to develop employees who will be able to meet the needs of SMEs in the future. Furthermore, it demonstrates that SMEs, not just large corporations, can attain high-performance levels throughÂ synchronizing intellectual capital and innovative work behavior.
Modulation of blood pressure regulatory genes in the Agtrap‐Plod1 locus associated with a deletion in Clcn6
Authors: Klemens Christine A. , Dissanayake Lashodya V. , Levchenko Vladislav , Zietara Adrian , Palygin Oleg , Staruschenko Alexander 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe AGTRAP‐PLOD1 locus is a conserved gene cluster containing several blood pressure regulatory genes, including CLCN6, MTHFR, NPPA, and NPPB. Previous work revealed that knockout of Clcn6 on the Dahl Salt‐Sensitive (SS) rat background (SS‐Clcn6) resulted in lower diastolic blood pressure compared to SS‐WT rats. Additionally, a recent study found sickle cell anemia patients with mutations in CLCN6 had improved survival and reduced stroke risk. We investigated whether loss of Clcn6 would delay the mortality of Dahl SS rats on an 8% NaCl (HS) diet. No significant difference in survival was found. The ability of Clcn6 to affect mRNA expression of nearby Mthfr, Nppa, and Nppb genes was also tested. On normal salt (0.4% NaCl, NS) diets, renal Mthfr mRNA and protein expression were significantly increased in the SS‐Clcn6 rats. MTHFR reduces homocysteine to methionine, but no differences in circulating homocysteine levels were detected. Nppa mRNA levels in cardiac tissue from SS‐Clcn6 rat in both normotensive and hypertensive conditions were significantly reduced compared to SS‐WT. Nppb mRNA expression in SS‐Clcn6 rats on a NS diet was also substantially decreased. Heightened Mthfr expression would be predicted to be protective; however, diminished Nppa and Nppb expression could be deleterious and by preventing or blunting vasodilation, natriuresis, and diuresis that ought to normally occur to offset blood pressure increases. The conserved nature of this genetic locus in humans and rats suggests more studies are warranted to understand how mutations in and around these genes may be influencing the expression of their neighbors.
Neuroprotective and metabotropic effect of aerobic exercise training in female patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Cokar Dilek , Polat Mine Gulden , Timurtas Eren , Sertbas Yasar , Sogut İbrahim 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objectives
We aimed to evaluate the effects of acute and chronic aerobic exercise on cognitive function and depression levels in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and the changes in related neurotrophic and metabotropic factors.

Methods
Sixteen female patients (age=57.5 ± 7.3) diagnosed with T2DM were included. A and B sections of the Trail Making Test (TMT) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used to assess executive function and depression states. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), irisin, total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were analyzed in blood. Aerobic exercise intensity was applied at 50–70% of the maximal heart rate for 40 min/day, three days weekly on the treadmill. All evaluations were repeated after one exercise session, a 12-week exercise program, and after one year for follow-up.

Results
TMT-A (p=0.001) and TMT-B (p=0.002) values were increased following both acute and chronic exercise. BDI scores were decreased after long-term exercise (p=0.031). Measurement of metabolic parameters revealed positive changes in HDL cholesterol (p=0.044), TAS (p=0.005), and OSI (p=0.009) values ​​after chronic period exercise. No significant difference was found in BDNF (p=0.271), NGF (p=0.230), and irisin (p=0.101) values ​​after acute or chronic exercise, on the other hand.

Conclusions
Although aerobic exercise training had a positive effect on metabolic and cognitive outcomes, this effect was independent of neurotrophic and metabotropic factors. Regular and long-term aerobic exercise training has protective and regulatory functions in T2DM.
Ethics, moral practices and age-related social issues in late 18th-century medical discourse
Authors: Lonati Elisabetta 
Published: August 2022

The second half of the eighteenth-century is particularly interesting for the study of medicine, and medical practice. The professional role of physicians, their social function, and their moral duties necessarily became a key issue for the period under scrutiny, and for decades to come. Medical ethics and moral practices, as well as philanthropic attitudes, constituted a relevant topic in medical writing: John Gregory (1724–73; Edinburgh University) and Thomas Percival (1740–1804; Manchester Infirmary) were the pioneers of medical ethics ‘in the making’. The aim of this study is to investigate the lexis of medical ethics and moral practices and its impact at textual and discourse levels. In other words, how the lexicalisation of values and principles shapes and frames the discourse on medical ethics, and on the social identity of target people-patients of all ages (old, young, middle-aged), as well as potentially age-related discriminatory practices between the 1770s and 1800s.
Pengembangan Indikator Bromofenol Biru dan Metil Merah pada Label Pintar sebagai Sensor Kematangan Buah Tomat
Authors: Rahayu Rofiko Nuning , Purnamasary Indah , Nugraha Ari Satia 
Published: August 2022

The novel on-package color indicator label has been fabricated based on bromophenol blue and a mixture between bromophenol blue and methyl red, and tests have been conducted to assess the ripeness of tomatoes (Lycopersicum commune). Bromophenol blue (BPB) and a mixture between bromophenol blue and methyl red (MM) were immobilized onto the Whatman paper membrane via the adsorption method. The BPB and mixture between BPB and MM/ Whatman paper membrane as color indicator work based on pH decrease as the volatile organic compounds. They are produced gradually in the package headspace during the development of tomato fruit. Subsequently, the combination indicator between bromophenol blue and methyl red changes from purple to red foul conditions, while the bromophenol blue indicator changes from blue to yellow foul conditions that can be seen visually. The results showed the color indicator can be used to determine the maturity conditions of tomatoes (Lycopersicum commune) at room temperature and chiller temperature. Furthermore, there are also changes in several parameters (pH, texture, weight loss, sensory evaluation) that are commonly used for the ripeness characteristics of tomatoes (Lycopersicum commune). Therefore, this indicator can be used for visual monitoring of the maturing of the tomatoes in packaging.
El trabajo digital. Análisis de la economía de plataformas en Cuba y Ecuador
Authors: Diaz Campo Eduardo , Morales Sornoza Alexandra , Antúnez Sánchez Alcides 
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: el artículo analiza desde la doctrina del Derecho del Trabajo, al trabajo 3.0 en el contexto de la economía colaborativa en la plataforma web 2.0, a partir del reconocimiento en el texto constitucional de 2019, al empresario privado como actor económico en la actualización del modelo económico y social cubano, como su contextualización en el ordenamiento jurídico ecuatoriano. Metodología: desde las ciencias sociales a partir de la revisión bibliográfica realizada, el uso del análisis-síntesis, inducción-deducción, la comparación jurídica, y el histórico permitieron analizar el trabajo 3.0 en la nación cubana. Resultados: se demostró que el trabajo 3.0 realizado por el trabajador digital ha revolucionado la manera tradicional del Derecho al Trabajo en la relación jurídica laboral, con la presencia de notas de la laboralidad, la ajenidad, la dependencia, la autonomía, en esta relación jurídica laboral. Necesitado de actualización desde la teoría y la normativa jurídica desde el Derecho Laboral en el ordenamiento jurídico cubano y ecuatoriano.
Contribuciones: la carrera de Derecho, tributará en la actualización de contenidos en la materia del Derecho Laboral, para que los operadores jurídicos se actualicen como operadores jurídicos en la asistencia legal a los empresarios privados.
Differences in the Physical Workload of Technicians and Managers in the Maintenance and Repair Division
Authors: Wardaya Innaha Ilma , Athqia Ais Assana , A. Wahyudiono Y. Denny 
Published: August 2022

Introduction: PT. PAL Indonesia (Persero) is a state-owned company in the shipping industry. For running the production cycle, PT. PAL Indonesia (Persero) has several divisions. One of them is the Maintenance and Repair Division. This division involves workers with positions as technicians and managers who have different tasks and functions. These differences will result in unequal physical workloads. The purpose of this study is to analyze the differences in the physical workload of technicians and managers of the Maintenance and Repair Division of PT. PAL Indonesia (Persero). Methods: This study used an analytic observational method with a cross sectional design. The independent variable used in this research was the position of workers consisting of managers and technician staff. Meanwhile, the dependent variable was a physical workload. The research respondents were 24 technicians and 6 managers. Data were obtained through questionnaires and calorimeters to measure calorie needs. Results: The technicians were aged 20 - 33 years old (62.5%), and the managers were aged 48 - 61 years (83.3%). Technicians' nutritional status was categorized as normal, as many as 21 people and the nutritional status of managers was overweight, as many as 4 people. The physical workload of technicians was in the medium category, as many as 22 people and 5 managers had a moderate physical workload. Conclusion: There was no difference in the physical workload of technicians and managers of the Maintenance and Repair Division. This is because PT. PAL Indonesia (Persero) has implemented cooperation in job completion.