bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of risk factors and breast cancer among women treated at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a case–control study
Authors: Hassen Fatuma , Enquselassie Fikre , Ali Ahmed , Addissie Adamu , Taye Girma , Tsegaye Aster , Assefa Mathewos 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesMany factors known to increase the risk of breast cancer, such as age, family history, early menarche and late menopause are not modifiable. Modifiable factors include obesity, use of menopausal hormones and breast feeding. This study aimed to assess risk factors associated with breast cancer among women at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital.DesignFacility based case–control study.MethodsCase–control study was conducted from May 2018 to June 2019. A total of 230 cases and 230 controls participated in the study. Data were analysed using SPSS software. Multivariable logistic model based analysis was conducted to control the effect of potential confounding factors. ORs and 95% CI for the likelihood of developing breast cancer were calculated.ResultsThe odds of breast cancer was higher among women between 40 and 49 years (adjusted OR (AOR): 3.29, 95% CI 1.39 to 7.77), and being unemployed (AOR: 4.28, 95% CI 2.00 to 9.16). Regarding life style risk factors, women consuming solid oil and using wood or animal dung as source of fuel had significantly higher odds of breast cancer. In addition, the odds of breast cancer was significantly higher among postmenopausal women, women who had previous benign surgery and women with early menarche (<12 years). On the other hand, the odd of breast cancer was significantly lower among women who had moderate physical activities.ConclusionThis study showed that occupational status, consumption of solid oil, and using wood or animal dung as source of fuel, early menarche, menopausal status and previous benign breast surgery were associated with breast cancer. On the other hand, physical activity was protective factor. Therefore, there is a need to design appropriate intervention to educate women about life style change or behaviour modification to decrease their breast cancer risk.
Exploring factors influencing uptake and adherence to a home-based prehabilitation physical activity and exercise intervention for patients undergoing chemotherapy before major surgery (ChemoFit): a qualitative study
Authors: Cooper Matthew , Chmelo Jakub , Sinclair Rhona C F , Charman Sarah , Hallsworth Kate , Welford Jenny , Phillips Alexander W , Greystoke Alastair , Avery Leah 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesPreoperative exercise training can improve cardiorespiratory fitness before major surgery. However, little is known about what influences participation and adherence in high-risk patient groups. We identified barriers and facilitators to uptake, engagement and adherence to a presurgical, home-based physical activity and exercise intervention called ChemoFit delivered during chemotherapy and before major oesophagogastric surgery.DesignA qualitative study using focus group discussions and individual semi-structured interviews was conducted. All were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and data thematically analysed.SettingNorthern Oesophagogastric Unit, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Hospitals Foundation Trust.ParticipantsPatients with oesophagogastric cancer who participated in the ChemoFit intervention recruited between March 2020 and January 2021.InterventionA home-based physical activity and exercise intervention involving cardiovasular and strength exercise using resistance bands and pedometers to monitor step count. Weekly telephone calls provided feedback, support and positive reinforcement.ResultsTwenty-two participants (18 men, 4 women; aged 67±8 years old) took part in a focus group discussion (n=17) or a semi-structured interview (n=5). Fifteen themes were identified from the data generated. Participants reported that the intervention was physically and mentally beneficial, and data highlighted features of the intervention that influenced uptake and adherence. An opportunity to increase the likelihood of surviving the pending operation was reported by participants as the most salient factor to engagement, and using the intervention as a distraction from illness and taking steps to positively influence the situation were the most salient factors to adherence.ConclusionsUptake to the ChemoFit intervention was encouraged by provision of information that participation could reduce surgical risk and that participants could play an active role in risk reduction. Adherence was facilitated by the intervention being considered a positive distraction and participants being able to do something that could ultimately provide benefit. While participants reported difficulties and avoidance with some of the exercises recommended, understanding the importance of physical activity and exercise as part of their treatment regimen led to individual adaptations to intervention components to reach individual goals.Trial registration numberNCT04194463
Three birds with one stone: a protocol for a randomised intervention study to increase participation in cervical and colorectal cancer screening among women attending breast cancer screening
Authors: Helgestad Anne Dorte Lerche , Larsen Mette Bach , Njor Sisse , Tranberg Mette , Petersen Lone Kjeld , Andersen Berit 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe participation rate is higher in breast cancer screening than in cervical cancer (CCU) and colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. In this cluster-randomised study, we aim to evaluate an intervention offering home-based CCU and CRC screening to women when attending breast cancer screening if they are overdue for CCU and/or CRC screening.Methods and analysisOn intervention days, one of the five breast cancer screening units in the Central Denmark Region will be randomly allocated to intervention, whereas the remaining units will serve as control. Women attending breast cancer screening in the intervention unit will be offered information regarding their CCU and CRC screening history, and, if overdue, they will be offered self-sampling screening kits. For CCU screening, women aged 50–64 years will be offered a vaginal self-sampling kit for human papillomavirus testing. For CRC screening, women aged 50–69 years will be offered a kit to obtain a faecal immunochemical test. Women attending the control units will receive only standard care.After the intervention, a survey will be sent to all women in the intervention and control group, asking about their experience while attending breast cancer screening.Primary outcomes will be difference in the coverage in CCU and CRC screening 6 months after intervention between the intervention and the control group, and difference in participation rates 6 months after intervention for those who were overdue for CCU and/or CRC screening at the time of the intervention.Ethics and disseminationThe project is listed in the record of processing activities for research projects in the Central Denmark Region (R. No.: 1-16-02-217-21). According to the Danish Consolidation Act on Research Ethics Review of Health Research Project, this study was not notifiable to the Committee (R. No.: 1-10-72-1-21). The findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed scientific journals.Trial registration numberNCT05022511.
Effects of a home-based Radio-Taiso exercise programme on health-related quality of life in older adults with frailty: protocol for an assessor-blind randomised controlled trial
Authors: Osuka Yosuke , Kojima Narumi , Sugie Masamitsu , Omura Takuya , Motokawa Keiko , Ueda Takuya , Maruo Kazushi , Ono Risa , Aoyama Toshihiko , Inoue Shigeru , Kim Hunkyung , Sasai Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionFew clinical trials have examined the effects of home-based exercise programmes on health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in older adults with frailty. Radio-Taiso is the most famous exercise programme in Japan. A home-based Radio-Taiso exercise programme may serve as an accessible, scalable and sustainable care intervention for older adults with frailty. The primary aim of this trial is to test whether older adults with frailty who are prescribed our home-based Radio-Taiso exercise programme will receive greater benefits for HR-QoL compared with those who are not prescribed the exercise programme. Potential mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of the programme and the effects of the programme on daily lifestyle will also be investigated.Methods and analysisThis assessor-blind randomised controlled trial will be conducted at the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology (TMIG) in Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan. From April to May 2022, 226 older adults with prefrailty or frailty according to the revised Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria will be included from a large database. After a baseline assessment in June 2022, participants will be randomly assigned to the intervention (home-based Radio-Taiso exercise and nutrition programme) or control (nutrition programme) groups at a 1:1 ratio. After intervention completion, a follow-up assessment will be conducted in September 2022. The primary outcome is the change in the mental domain of HR-QoL assessed using SF-36. Secondary outcomes include physical and role/social domains and subscales of HR-QoL, frailty phenotype, physical fitness, posture, cognition, exercise self-efficacy, depressive symptoms, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, social network, habitual energy intake, physical activity and sleep conditions.Ethics and disseminationThe Research Ethics Committee of TMIG has approved the research protocol. This trial will be conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The findings will be presented at international academic conferences and published in peer-reviewed international journals.Trial registration numberUMIN000047229.
Impact of having a child on physical activity in the UK: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Northcote Matthew , Foster Charlie , Pulsford Richard , Spotswood Fiona 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThroughout the life course, there are major life transitions that are associated with reduced physical activity, which may have further implications for health and well-being. Having a child is one such transition that has been identified as a critical transformative experience and window for intervention. We will conduct a scoping review of available evidence exploring the impact of having a child on physical activity in the UK.Methods and analysisWe will use best-practice methodological frameworks to map key concepts and available evidence, summarise and disseminate findings to stakeholders, and identify knowledge gaps. A three-step search strategy will identify primary research studies, including reviews, from published and grey literature, exploring the impact of having a child on physical activity in the UK, from the preconception period, throughout pregnancy, the postpartum period, and into parenthood. An initial limited search will identify relevant reviews, from which keywords and index terms will be extracted. We will conduct searches of CINAHL, Embase, Medline, PsycINFO and Web of Science to identify relevant articles written in English from inception to February 2022. Two reviewers will independently screen titles and abstracts of identified studies for inclusion and chart data, with a third reviewer resolving any conflicts. Backwards citation tracking will identify any additional studies. We will conduct numerical and thematic analysis to map data in tabular and diagrammatic format and provide a description of findings by theme.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for this scoping review. We will disseminate findings to stakeholders through publications, conferences, social media platforms and in-person communications. Consultations with key stakeholders, with their unique expertise and perspectives, will provide greater insight. We will establish the main priorities for future research to inform the research questions of subsequent studies.Scoping review registrationOpen Science Framework (https://osf.io/gtqa4/) DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/GTQA4.
Cross-sectional questionnaire study of the experiences of community pharmacists in Northern Ireland during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic: preparation, experience and response
Authors: Patterson Susan M , Cadogan Cathal , Barry Heather E , Bennett Kathleen E , Hughes Carmel 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesTo examine the views and experiences of community pharmacists in Northern Ireland (NI) regarding changes in community pharmacy practice/processes in preparation for, and response to, the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignCross-sectional telephone-administered questionnaire.Setting and participantsGeographically stratified representative sample of 130 community pharmacists in NI between March and May 2021.Outcome measuresCommunity pharmacists’ responses to questions focusing on their preparation, experience and response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive analysis was conducted including frequencies and percentages. Free-text comments were summarised using thematic analysis.ResultsOne hundred and thirty pharmacists completed the questionnaire. Pharmacists responded comprehensively to implementing infection control measures, for example, management of social distancing in the shop (96.2%), making adjustments to premises, for example, barriers/screens (95.4%), while maintaining medicines supply (100.0%) and advice to patients (93.1%). Newly commissioned services were provided, for example, emergency supply service (93.1%), influenza vaccination for healthcare workers (77.7%) and volunteer deliveries to vulnerable people (54.6%). Pharmacists were least prepared for the increased workload and patients’ challenging behaviour, but the majority (96.9%) reported that they felt better prepared during the second wave. Pharmacists agreed/strongly agreed that they would be able to re-establish normal services (87.7%), were willing to administer COVID-19 vaccines (80.7%) and provide COVID-19 testing (60.8%) in the future.ConclusionsCommunity pharmacists remained accessible and maintained supply of essential medicines and advice to patients throughout the pandemic. Provision of modified and additional services such as vaccination reinforced the clinical and public health role of pharmacy
Myocardial infarction and stroke subsequent to urinary tract infection (MISSOURI): protocol for a self-controlled case series using linked electronic health records
Authors: Reeve Nicola F , Best Victoria , Gillespie David , Hughes Kathryn , Lugg-Widger Fiona V , Cannings-John Rebecca , Torabi Fatemeh , Wootton Mandy , Akbari Ashley , Ahmed Haroon 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThere is increasing interest in the relationship between acute infections and acute cardiovascular events. Most previous research has focused on understanding whether the risk of acute cardiovascular events increases following a respiratory tract infection. The relationship between urinary tract infections (UTIs) and acute cardiovascular events is less well studied. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine whether there is a causal relationship between UTI and acute myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke.Methods and analysisWe will undertake a self-controlled case series study using linked anonymised general practice, hospital admission and microbiology data held within the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) Databank. Self-controlled case series is a relatively novel study design where individuals act as their own controls, thereby inherently controlling for time-invariant confounders. Only individuals who experience an exposure and outcome of interest are included.We will identify individuals in the SAIL Databank who have a hospital admission record for acute MI or stroke during the study period of 2010–2020. Individuals will need to be aged 30–100 during the study period and be Welsh residents for inclusion. UTI will be identified using general practice, microbiology and hospital admissions data. We will calculate the incidence of MI and stroke in predefined risk periods following an UTI and in ‘baseline’ periods (without UTI exposure) and use conditional Poisson regression models to derive incidence rate ratios.Ethics and disseminationData access, research permissions and approvals have been obtained from the SAIL independent Information Governance Review Panel, project number 0972. Findings will be disseminated through conferences, blogs, social media threads and peer-reviewed journals. Results will be of interest internationally to primary and secondary care clinicians who manage UTIs and may inform future clinical trials of preventative therapy.
Mindfulness for internet use disorder: a study protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fendel Johannes Caspar , Schmidt Stefan 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionInternet use disorder (IUD) is on the rise and is associated with detrimental health consequences. Growing evidence suggests that mindfulness—either as a trait or cultivated in mindfulness-based programmes (MBPs)—is promising in preventing and treating IUD. With this systematic review and meta-analysis, we will examine (1) the association between trait mindfulness (TM) and IUD and (2) the effectiveness of MBPs in reducing IUD.Methods and analysisIn October 2022, we will screen Medline, PsycINFO, PSYINDEX, CINAHL, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials without language or publication date restrictions. We will conduct backward and forward citation searches of included studies and relevant reviews. We will include studies that evaluate either (1) the association between TM and IUD or (2) the effectiveness of MBPs in reducing IUD. Two reviewers will independently screen records, select and extract data, and rate the risk of bias. In total, we will conduct three meta-analyses: a first meta-analysis will be on the correlation between TM and IUD, a second meta-analysis will be on between-group data examining the effectiveness of MBPs in reducing IUD in randomised controlled trials (RCTs), and a third meta-analysis will be on within-group pre-postdata examining the effectiveness of MBPs in reducing IUD in all kinds of intervention studies. For the second and third meta-analyses, the primary outcome will be changes in IUD. We will explore moderators and sources of between-study heterogeneity and pursue a narrative synthesis of results. We will use the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system to assess the overall quality of evidence across intervention studies.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required. Results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at (inter)national conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022350071.
Ranked Document Retrieval in External Memory
Authors: Shah Rahul , Sheng Cheng , Thankachan Sharma , Vitter Jeffrey 
Published: September 2022

The ranked (or top-
k
) document retrieval problem is defined as follows: preprocess a collection

{T
1
,T
2
,… ,T
d
}

of
d
strings (called documents) of total length
n
into a data structure, such that for any given query
(P,k)
, where
P
is a string (called pattern) of length
p ≥ 1
and
k ∈ [1,d]
is an integer, the identifiers of those
k
documents that are most relevant to
P
can be reported, ideally in the sorted order of their relevance. The seminal work by Hon et al. [FOCS 2009 and Journal of the ACM 2014] presented an
O(n)
-space (in words) data structure with
O(p+k
log
k)
query time. The query time was later improved to
O(p+k)
[SODA 2012] and further to
O(p/
log

σn+k
)

[SIAM Journal on Computing 2017] by Navarro and Nekrich, where
σ
is the alphabet size. We revisit this problem in the external memory model and present three data structures. The first one takes
O(n)
-space and answer queries in
O(p/B
+ log

B
n + k/B+

log
*
(n/B)
) I/Os, where
B
is the block size. The second one takes
O(n
log
*
(n/B)
) space and answer queries in optimal
O(p/B
+ log

B
n + k/B)

I/Os. In both cases, the answers are reported in the unsorted order of relevance. To handle sorted top-
k
document retrieval, we present an
O(n
log
(d/B))
space data structure with optimal query cost.
FAM171B as a Novel Biomarker Mediates Tissue Immune Microenvironment in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Qu Lai-Hao , Luo Wen-Juan , Yan Zhi-Guo , Liu Wen-Pan 
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to uncover potential diagnostic indicators of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), evaluate the function of immune cells in the pathogenesis of the disease, and find innovative treatment targets and medicines with the potential to enhance prognosis. Gene Expression Omnibus was utilized to acquire the PAH datasets. We recognized differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and investigated their functions utilizing R software. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operators, and support vector machines were used to identify biomarkers. The extent of immune cell infiltration in the normal and PAH tissues was determined using CIBERSORT. Additionally, the association between diagnostic markers and immune cells was analyzed. In this study, 258DEGs were used to analyze the disease ontology. Most DEGs were linked with atherosclerosis, arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and lung disease, including obstructive lung disease. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that compared to normal samples, results from PAH patients were mostly associated with ECM-receptor interaction, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, the Wnt signaling pathway, and focal adhesion. FAM171B was identified as a biomarker for PAH (

area

under

the

curve
=
0.873

). The mechanism underlying PAH may be mediated by nave CD4 T cells, resting memory CD4 T cells, resting NK cells, monocytes, activated dendritic cells, resting mast cells, and neutrophils, according to an investigation of immune cell infiltration. FAM171B expression was also associated with resting mast cells, monocytes, and CD8 T cells. The results suggest that PAH may be closely related to FAM171B with high diagnostic performance and associated with immune cell infiltration, suggesting that FAM171B may promote the progression of PAH by stimulating immune infiltration and immune response. This study provides valuable insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of PAH.
الأثر المتخيَّل والتأويل: ”إرَم ذات العِماد“ في الخطاب الأدبيّ العربيّ أنموذجًا
Authors: Al Kaabi (ضياء عبد الله خميس الكعبي Dheya Abdullah Khamis 
Published: September 2022

المستخلص
تستقصي هذه المقاربة النقديّة الثقافيّة التأويليّة تمثيلات إرَم ذات العِماد في المتخيَّل الثقافيّ العربيّ وامتداداتها منذ القديم إلى الحديث بوصفها ”أثرًا“ خاضعًا للتأويل. يندرج هذا الأثر في سياقات متعدّدة ومتناقضة: مدينة اللعنة والعِقاب الإلهيّ، ومدينة التِّيه الأسطوريّة، وسرديّات المدينة اللامرئيّة، والمدينة/اليوتوبيا، وغيرها من التمثيلات الثقافيّة التي ارتبطت بها‫.‬
لقد كشفت هذه المقاربة عن تعدّد دلالات تأويل إرَم ذات العِماد في مصنّفات الثقافة العربيّة القديمة بين التلقّي الوعظيّ المرتهن لقراءات بعض المفسّرين في ربط إرَم ذات العِماد بالعقاب الإلهيّ، والتلقّي الاستعاديّ التمجيديّ لسرديّات اليمن الكبرى، والتلقّي النقديّ التاريخيّ الذي يسائل المتخيَّل ويحيله إلى مرجعيّاته التاريخيّة. في حين خضعت إرَم ذات العِماد في الخطاب الأدبيّ الحديث إلى تأويلات متنوّعة بتعدّد المرجعيّات الأدبيّة والثقافيّة لكلٍّ من: جبران خليل جبران (ت 1931م)، ونسيب عريضة (ت 1946م)، وبدر شاكر السيّاب (ت 1964م)، وأدونيس‫.‬