bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adjunctive treatment for acne vulgaris by tranexamic acid
Authors: Charoenwattanayothin Anshittha , Saiwichai Tawee , Chaichalotornkul Sirintip 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundAcne is a chronic, inflammatory skin disorder of pilosebaceous units. Tranexamic acid (TXA) acts as a plasmin inhibitor to reduce blood loss and is also used to treat rosacea due to its anti‐inflammatory effects. Some parts of the pathogenesis of rosacea are similar to inflammatory acne.ObjectivesThe study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 10% TXA serum in treating acne and its adverse effects.MethodsA randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, split‐face study was performed on 18 mild‐to‐moderate acne patients. Patients applied 10% TXA serum on one side of the face and placebo on another side twice daily for 8 weeks. Acne lesion counts and adverse effects were evaluated every 2 weeks.ResultsSignificant differences in total inflammatory acne counts were observed between TXA and placebo since Week 4 (p = 0.008). TXA mainly reduced papules and pustules, as papule counts significantly decreased since the 8th week (p = 0.046) and pustule counts significantly reduced since Week 8 (p = 0.033). Moreover, physicians also found that TXA serum reduced the redness of the skin, corresponding with the imaging from VISIA® Skin Analysis. The anti‐inflammatory effect of TXA resulted in less PIE and PIH. Adverse effects, including erythema and scaling, were treated by applying any moisturizing cream.ConclusionTopical 10% TXA can reduce inflammatory acne effectively. Adverse effects were minor and treat easily.
Choroidal thickness in patients with alopecia areata: Is it a sign for poor prognosis?
Authors: Şahin Tayfun , Öztekin Aynure 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionAlopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease which causes non‐scarring type hair loss considered to target the pigmentary system. The hair follicle may not be the only site for involvement of the disease. Iris, the ciliary body, choroid and epithelium of the retinal pigment may also be affected. The aim of the present study was to compare retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choroidal thicknesses between patients with AA and healthy controls.MethodsThe study included 44 patients with alopecia areata, and 44 healthy individuals with similar age and gender distribution. RPE and choroidal thickness measurements were performed through Spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT) (Heidelberg Spectralis® OCT).ResultsThere was not any significant difference between patients with AA and healthy individuals for RPE and choroidal thickness (p = 0.751, p = 0.725, respectively). However, the choroidal thickness (422 ± 79 μm) was significantly thinner in patients with poor prognostic criteria than other patients (371 ± 75 μm; p = 0.039).ConclusionMonitoring of choroidal thicknesses through optic coherence tomography (OCT) may provide an insight for the disease prognosis in patients with AA.
Challenges facing workstyle reform for Japanese obstetricians and gynecologists revealed from time studies
Authors: Sekine Masayuki , Nishijima Koji , Nakagawa Satoshi , Suzuki Yukio , Murakami Takashi , Kato Yasuhito , Umazume Takeshi , Tanaka Hiroaki , Komatsu Hiroaki , Doi Koutaro , Miura Kiyonori , Kudo Yoshiki , Unno Nobuya , Kimura Tadashi , Enomoto Takayuki 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimWe aimed to grasp the actual working hours of Japanese obstetricians and gynecologists (OB/GYN doctors) as accurately as possible, using the same method of the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare (MHLW).MethodsThe time study targeted OB/GYN doctors working at 10 universities nationwide including Niigata University and 21 institutions which take a role of perinatal care in Niigata prefecture. Working hours per week were calculated based on the following categories: regular and overtime work inside the hospital, work outside the hospital, self‐improvement, education, research, and others. Data on weekly working hours were converted to yearly data for analyses.ResultsA time study of 10 universities nationwide revealed that 30% of doctors work overtime for more than 1860 h even if they do not include on‐call shifts in their working hours. In 21 institutions in Niigata, physicians in Niigata University worked more overtime than other hospitals. It became clear that community health care was supported by dispatching physicians working at university. Furthermore, the results of simulations predicted the pessimistic situation of perinatal medical care in Niigata.ConclusionsOur study showed the possibility to exist much more OB/GYN doctors who work more than 1860 h of overtime work per year than the data presented by the MHLW based on nation‐wide survey in 2019. The fact that the working hours at the side jobs had a great influence on the increase in overtime work of physicians in University was the same result as the report of MHLW published in 2021.
Oral administration of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum NR16 isolated from Kimchi ameliorates murine allergic rhinitis
Authors: Yang J. , Bae J. , Choi C.-Y. , Choi S.-P. , Yun H. S. , Chun T. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a type I hypersensitivity mediated by dominant T helper 2 (Th2) response over the Th1 response after re-exposure to a specific allergen. Currently, socio-economic cost evoked by AR is quickly increasing since the prevalence of AR is gradually increasing in all ages worldwide. Several probiotic Lactobacillus strains have been described with potential immunomodulatory effects against type I hypersensitivity such as AR. Thus, the aim of the present work was to characterize basic probiotic property and immunomodulatory role of newly isolated Lactobacillus strains from Kimchi, a traditional fermented Korean food, in AR. Among the identified strains, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum NR16 revealed to be a powerful Th1 inducer since immune cells co-cultured with NR16 produced the highest quantity of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) but secreted a low amount of IL-4 in vitro. Therefore, NR16 was selected for the following assays conducted with mice with birch pollen–induced AR. Oral administration of NR16 reduced airway hyperresponsiveness and leukocyte infiltration in lesions of mice. In conclusion, oral administration of NR16 may mitigate symptoms of AR by inducing Th1 immune response, which might rebalance Th2/Th1 ratio by decreasing Th2 cytokine production in specific lesions of mucosa.
Incidence of late severe intestinal complications after bowel atresia/stenosis
Authors: Hosokawa Takahiro , Tanami Yutaka , Sato Yumiko , Ishimaru Tetsuya , Kawashima Hiroshi , Oguma Eiji 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo determine the incidence and risk factors for late severe intestinal complications after surgical repair for intra‐abdominal congenital intestinal atresia/stenosis.MethodsWe included 51 patients who underwent surgical repair for congenital intestinal atresia/stenosis. Late severe intestinal complications included adhesive ileus, incisional hernia, or volvulus. Whether surgical intervention was urgent or not was recorded. The location of the atresia/stenosis was classified into two groups: atresia/stenosis located at the oral or anal side from the Treitz ligament. The type of atresia/stenosis was classified as low‐risk types (type I, mucosal web/II, fibrous cord/IIIa, mesenteric gap defect) and high‐risk types (IIIb, apple peel/IV, multiple atresia). We compared the incidence of late intestinal complications between the location of intestinal atresia/stenosis at the oral and anal side of Treitz ligament, and between low‐ and high‐risk types of atresia/stenosis using Fisher's exact test.ResultsEight (15.7%) had late intestinal complications, all of which occurred in patients with intestinal atresia/stenosis located on the anal side of the ligament of Treitz. Urgent surgical intervention was needed in four cases. There was a significant difference in the location of atresia/stenosis (with vs. without late intestinal complications at oral/anal side of the Treitz ligament: 0/8 vs. 24/19; P = 0.005) and the type of intestinal atresia/stenosis (with vs. without that accompanying low‐/high‐risk type: 5/3 vs. 41/2; P = 0.023).ConclusionsPhysicians should consider the presence of intestinal complications that require surgical intervention in patients undergoing surgical reconstruction for jejunal and ileal atresia/stenosis with abdominal symptoms.
On Adposition Phrases in Dagara*
Authors: Hien Alain Noindonmon 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a reanalysis of adposition phrases expressing locations in Dagara. It has been observed in the literature that locative adpositions are postpositional in Dagara, which is arguably a head‐initial language and does have a preposition as well. This paper examines the behavior of what has been analyzed as postpositions with respect to stranding, case marking, focalization, and number marking and argues that they should be analyzed as nouns heading noun phrases. In addition, it is argued that noun phrases headed by the nouns in question are accompanied by an empty preposition.
Three Decades of Post‐Communist Fertility Transition in a Subnational Context: The Case of Slovakia
Authors: Šprocha Branislav , Bleha Branislav , Nováková Gabriela 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFertility transition is taking place in all post‐communist countries. Not many studies have been conducted at the subnational level to prove the universal nature of this transition or, on the contrary, the diversity of regional trajectories. This study attempts to reveal whether the same explanatory schemes can be applied to fertility transformation mechanisms on a regional as well as a national level. Using a principal component analysis and a cluster analysis, significant spatial differences were found. A rather unique finding is that while there is some convergence in terms of intensity, fertility tempo is a major factor for diversity. This study tries to explain regional differences and, their changes over time. Some economic factors are identified as being important for explaining spatial differences in the fertility quantum and – alongside some cultural factors – in the fertility tempo as well.
Perineal hernia repair in dorsal recumbency in 23 dogs: Description of technique, complications, and outcome
Authors: Tobias Karen M. , Crombie Kathryn 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo describe repair of perineal hernias in dogs positioned in dorsal recumbency.Study designRetrospective case series.Sample populationTwenty‐three dogs with perineal hernias treated by herniorrhaphy, with or without adjunctive procedures.MethodsMedical records from 2016 to 2020 were reviewed for technique description and animal outcomes, and owners and referring veterinarians were contacted for follow‐up information.ResultsInternal obturator muscle transposition (IOMT) was performed in 22 dogs, and polypropylene mesh repair was performed in one dog. Transection of the internal obturator tendon was feasible in all dogs undergoing IOMT. Eighteen dogs underwent abdominal pexy procedures, castration, or both during the same anesthetic period. No intraoperative complications were noted. Postoperative complications were noted in the hospital in 14 dogs and after release in 11. Incisional infection/drainage and persistent urinary incontinence were reported in four and two dogs, respectively. Hernias reoccurred in four dogs and tended to be more common in dogs that had undergone previous herniorrhaphies (p = .053). Recurrence rates were lowest in dogs that had no prior hernia repair or organ pexy (p = .035).ConclusionPerineal hernia repair was feasible in dorsal recumbency. Complication and recurrence rates of perineal herniorrhaphy in dorsal recumbency were similar to those reported for dogs undergoing the procedure in sternal recumbency.Clinical significancePositioning of patients for perineal hernia repair can be dictated by surgeon preference. Perineal hernia repair in dorsal recumbency allows a single‐stage abdominal and perineal approach without repositioning.
Modelling changing sensitivity to alternating temperatures during induction of secondary dormancy in buried Polygonum aviculare L. seeds to aid in managing seedbank behaviour
Authors: Malavert Cristian , Batlla Diego , Benech‐Arnold Roberto L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSeed dormancy is a common attribute of many weed species in temperate habitats that controls the seasonality of weed emergence from soil seedbanks. For some weed species, it is not enough to reduce seed dormancy, as germination can only proceed after exposure to dormancy termination factors (i.e. light and alternating temperatures). Sensitivity to alternating temperatures in Polygonum aviculare seeds increases during dormancy release. However, it is not known whether this sensitivity is lost during dormancy induction. The aim of this study was to investigate and quantify the changes in dormancy level of P. aviculare seeds during secondary dormancy induction, as measured by changes in sensitivity to alternating temperatures driven by the soil temperature. To achieve these objectives, seeds were stratified at 5°C until obtaining a minimum dormancy level. The seeds were then buried in pots and induced into secondary dormancy by storing them at 10, 15, 20 and 25°C for different time periods. During storage, seeds were exhumed periodically and exposed to different cycle‐doses of 10/24°C (12 h/12 h) (0, 1, 3, 5 and 15 cycles) to test germination. Our results showed that the high sensitivity to alternating temperatures achieved during primary dormancy release, decreased during secondary dormancy induction with a rate that is temperature dependent. These changes in sensitivity to alternating temperatures were quantified as a function of the accumulation of thermal time, which was calculated over a base temperature of 7.9°C. Coupling the present model with a previous one to assess changes in sensitivity to alternating temperatures during dormancy release, allowed us to develop a model for the prediction of cyclic changes in sensitivity to alternating temperature in relation to the thermal environment experienced by the seeds during burial. We present this model as a valuable tool for managing the weed seedbank through different agronomic practices.
Segregación y atracción de capital humano en Colombia
Authors: Ramos Ruiz José Luis , Polo Otero José Luis , De la Puente Sierra Pedro , Vega Cárcamo Jean 
Published: April 2022

Durante la última década, el número de individuos con alto nivel educativo en las principales ciudades de Colombia ha aumentado. En el presente documento, se busca evidencia acerca de la divergencia en la acumulación de capital humano entre algunas ciudades del Caribe colombiano y otras ciudades como Bogotá, Medellín, Cali, Bucaramanga y Cúcuta. A través del análisis estadístico y econométrico de medidas de segregación y atracción de capital humano, se encontró que para el Caribe colombiano hay evidencia de una convergencia en la acumulación de capital humano, lo cual contradice los planteamientoshechos por Christopher Berry y Edward Glaeser en su investigación del año 2005.
Mechanics Modeling of Electrodes for Wireless and Bioresorbable Capacitive Pressure Sensors
Authors: Deng Yujun , Huang Yonggang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Bio-implantable pressure sensors are of great significance for many life-threatening clinical applications that require real-time monitoring of the internal pressure of the human body. Wireless and bioresorbable capacitive pressure sensors overcome the shortcomings of the traditional, resistance-based pressure sensors (e.g., leading to infections and restrictions of natural body motion movements), but they have low sensitivity. One effective way to improve the sensitivity is to increase the volume of the dielectric (air) cavity. Analytic models are established in this paper for the deformation of the electrodes in the wireless and bioresorbable capacitive pressure sensor, and the models show explicitly the sensitivity dependence on the sensor geometry and material properties. The models show that the pressure increase in the air cavity overwhelms the bending stiffness of the electrodes, therefore dominating the deflection of the electrode in capacitors. The traditional strategy to reduce the initial separation between electrodes is not suitable. Instead, increasing the initial volume of the air cavity provides an effective strategy to improve the sensitivity of the bio-implantable wireless pressure sensors.
Effect of Binders on Punch Force of Anodized Aluminum Alloy Sheet With Solid Lubrication Coatings
Authors: Tu J. S. , Li Y. H. , Wang Y. , Zhan S. P. , Jia D. , Duan H. T. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Studying the mechanism of binder is important for improving the coating formation process of solid lubricants. Two-component polyurethane (PU), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), and styrene-butadiene styrene (SBS) copolymer were selected as binders for polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) solid lubricant. The influence of solid lubricant coating prepared with different binders on the stamping properties of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy was compared and analyzed using the cupping test. A lubrication model was developed based on the results. Due to the difference in the molecular structure of the binders, the prepared solid lubricants have different characteristics and affect the dispersion of lubricant coating and its performance. When the content of PTFE reaches 15 wt% and the coating thickness is 10 µm, the anodic aluminum alloy sheet with PVB coating has the smallest punch force.
Cavitation Characterization of Fluid Machinery Based on Cyclostationary Analysis: Part 2—Cavity Development Evaluation by Modulation Intensity
Authors: Wu Kelin , Wu Chengshuo , Wu Peng , Cao Linlin , Ye Haojie , Wu Dazhuan , Antoni Jérôme 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In the previous paper, the high potential of the spectral correlation to identify cavity type has been demonstrated. This paper dedicates its efforts to cavity development evaluation and shows how the proposed modulation intensity indicators can achieve this goal. First, the signal model of cavitating impeller is established, and detailed cyclostationary analysis is implemented. Then, modulation intensity indicators—absolute carrier power level (AP), relative carrier power level (RP), and characteristic modulation components ratio (CMCR), are designed to evaluate cavitation degree. The AP proves to be useful in measuring the early developing cavitation, the CMCR is capable of detecting the key turning point from the early developing cavitation to the fully developed cavitation, and the RP can reflect cavitation degree from the view of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In summary, these indicators solidly complement each other, thus their combination provides an efficient solution to cavitation characterization. Lastly, the diagnosis strategies of qualitative detection by carrier distribution in Part 1 and quantitative characterization by modulation intensity in Part 2 are promising to be generalized to more scenarios.
Practices and Procedures in Clinical Pediatric Exercise Laboratories in North America
Authors: Teson Kelli M. , Watson Jessica S. , Mays Wayne A. , Knecht Sandy , Curran Tracy , Rebovich Paul , Williams David D. , Paridon Stephen M. , White David A. 
Published: April 2022

Interinstitutional differences in clinical pediatric exercise laboratory (CPEL) practices may affect patient care and efficacy of multicenter research. Purpose: To describe current practices/procedures in CPELs and explore differences in CPELs employing exercise physiologists to those that do not. Methods: A 40-item survey was distributed to CPELs in North America focusing on (1) staffing; (2) exercise stress testing (EST) volumes, reporting, and interpretation; and (3) EST procedures/protocols. Results: Of the 55 responses, 89% were in the United States, 85% were children’s hospitals with university affiliation, and 58% were cardiology specific. Exercise physiologists were employed in 56% of CPELs, and 78% had master’s degrees or higher. Certifications were required in most CPELs (92% emergency life-support, 27% professional, and 21% clinical). Median volume was 201 to 400 ESTs per year, 80% used treadmill, and 10% used cycle ergometer as primary modalities. Ninety-three percent of CPELs offered metabolic ESTs, 87% offered pulmonary function testing, 20% used institution-specific EST protocols, and 72% offered additional services such as cardiac/pulmonary rehabilitation. CPELS staffing exercise physiologists performed higher volumes of ESTs (P = .004), were more likely to perform metabolic ESTs (P = .028), participated in more research (P < .001), and provided services in addition to ESTs (P = .001). Conclusions: Heterogeneity in CPELs staffing and operation indicates need for standardization.
Natural Vibrations of Micropolar Elastic Flexible Plates and Shallow Shells
Authors: Sargsyan A. H. , Sargsyan S. H. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A mathematical model representing the dynamics of geometrically nonlinear (flexible) micropolar elastic thin plates in Cartesian and curvilinear coordinates is constructed (the approach is generalized to the case of micropolar flexible shallow shells as well). The model is developed under the assumption that the elastic deflection of a plate is comparable with the plate thickness but is small compared to the characteristic plate size in plan. Based on the given model of micropolar elastic flexible plates, the problem on free vibrations is solved for rectangular and circular plates and shallow shells. Effective manifestations of characteristic features of a micropolar material are considered in comparison with the corresponding classical material.
Painful ulcerations: the sole clinical sign of mixed cryoglobulinaemia secondary to marginal zone lymphoma
Authors: Gan Christian , Howard Matthew David , Mulcahy Anthea , Yazdabadi Anousha 
Published: April 2022

A man in his 70s with background vascular disease presented with 7 months of painful non-resolving lower leg ulcers with eschar and petechiae, left lower ear lobe ulceration and dusky inflammation of the right ear. He demonstrated good bilateral pedal pulses and no peripheral oedema. No lymphadenopathy was palpated.Biopsy suggested leucocytoclastic vasculitis on chronic stasis changes. Blood investigations showed elevated rheumatoid factor and mixed polyclonal IgG and monoclonal IgM cryoglobulins. He was diagnosed with mixed cryoglobulinaemia, and consequent conducted flow cytometry revealed CD5 +marginal zone lymphoma with elevated serum free light chains and kappa/lambda ratio.One-month following rituximab and chlorambucil therapy, the patient’s pain had much improved, ear ulcers had healed and several leg ulcers had reduced in width and depth. The petechial eruption had also resolved.