bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resonant inelastic soft x-ray scattering on LaPt2Si2
Authors: John Mukkattukavil Deepak , Hellsvik Johan , Ghosh Anirudha , Chatzigeorgiou Evanthia , Nocerino Elisabetta , Wang Qisi , von Arx Karin , Huang Shih-Wen , Ekholm Victor , Hossain Zakir , Thamizhavel Arumugum , Chang Johan , Månsson Martin , Nordström Lars , Såthe Conny , Agåker Marcus , Rubensson Jan-Erik , Sassa Yasmine 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
X-ray absorption and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering spectra of LaPt2Si2 single crystal at the Si 2p and La 4d edges are presented. The data are interpreted in terms of density functional theory, showing that the Si spectra can be described in terms of Si s and d local partial density of states (LPDOS), and the La spectra are due to quasi-atomic local 4f excitations. Calculations show that Pt d-LPDOS dominates the occupied states, and a sharp localized La f state is found in the unoccupied states, in line with the observations.
Unravelling the signatures of effective spin

1/2

moments in CeVO4: magnetization and heat capacity study
Authors: Ranaut Dheeraj , Mukherjee K 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The realization of an effective spin (Jeff
) ½ state at low temperatures offers a platform to study the enthralling physics behind the disordered states in certain systems. Here, we report the signatures of magnetic ground state associated with Jeff
= ½ in CeVO4. Our studies confirm the absence of any ordering or freezing down to 1.8 K. In the low temperature region, the Curie–Weiss fit of the inverse DC susceptibility indicate towards the presence of antiferromagnetic correlations among the Ce3+ spins. The calculated value of effective moment (∼1.16

μ
B

) corresponds to J = ½ with gJ
∼ 1.20. Further, the field dependent magnetization curve at 2 K follows a behaviour corresponding to J= ½ Brillouin function with gJ
∼ 1.13. Magnetic field dependent heat capacity fits very well with two-level Schottky scheme. Our investigations suggest that CeVO4 can be a promising candidate to realise Jeff
= ½ properties among 3D spin systems.
Ab initio description of disorder effects in layered cathode active materials by the coherent potential approximation
Authors: Eckhardt Janis K , Risius Philipp E , Czerner Michael , Heiliger Christian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Disorder effects in alloys are usually modeled by averaging various supercell calculations considering different positions of the alloy atoms. This approach, however, is only possible as long as the portion of the individual components of the alloy is sufficiently large. Herein, we present an ab initio study considering the lithium insertion material Li1−x
[Ni0.33Co0.33Mn0.33]O2 as model system to demonstrate the power of the coherent potential approximation within the Korringa–Kohn–Rostoker Green’s function method. This approach enables the description of disorder effects within alloy systems of any composition. It is applied in this study to describe the (de-)intercalation of arbitrary amounts of lithium from the cathode active material. Moreover, we highlight that using either fully optimized structures or experimental lattice parameters and atomic positions both lead to comparable results. Our findings suggest that this approach is also suitable for modeling the electronic structure of state-of-the-art materials such as high-nickel alloys.
Simulation, fabrication, and characteristics of high-temperature, quick-response tungsten–rhenium thin-film thermocouples probe sensor
Authors: Zhang Zhongkai , Li Shuimin , Tian Bian , Liu Zhaojun , Liu Jiangjiang , Cheng Gong , Fan Xu , Fang Xudong , Zhao Na , Zhao Libo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this study, a tungsten–rhenium thin-film thermocouples (TFTCs) is fabricated via magnetron sputtering on silicon carbide ceramics. Cuboid TFTCs probe is sealed with stainless steel shell to make the TFTCs probe sensor. This sensor has an average Seebeck coefficient of 27.2 µV °C−1at 1167 °C (temperature difference). The thermal volatilization characteristics, electromotive force behavior, and response time of this tungsten–rhenium TFTC sensor are investigated. The real engine experimental results show that the TFTCs probe sensor can work normally under the high temperature and high-speed air flow environment of 4 Mach and 900 °C. In addition, the correlation between the response speed, substrate thickness, and film thickness is discussed based on simulations of the response to carbon dioxide laser pulses. As indicated by the dynamic experiment results, the laser response time is from 0.49 to 1.51 ms, which is much shorter than that of traditional armored C-type thermocouples (for tungsten–rhenium thermocouples, the response time is around 1 s). Tungsten–rhenium TFTCs probe sensor is a suitable alternative to conventional thermocouples to meet the requirements of measuring high temperatures with a quick response.
White-light emission in Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+- and Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+/Ho3+-doped α-NiMoO4 nanoparticles
Authors: Ray Schindra Kumar , Joshi Bhupendra , Hur Jin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+- and Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+/Ho3+-doped α-NiMoO4 nanoparticles were synthesized using a microwave hydrothermal method and studied for white-light emission under 980 nm laser diode excitation. White upconversion (UC) light was successfully obtained with the appropriate control of blue, green, and red emissions by successfully tuning the Er3+ and Ho3+ concentrations in Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+- and Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+/Ho3+-doped α-NiMoO4, respectively. In addition, the white color emission was shown by the CIE chromaticity coordinates of samples. The energy transfer mechanisms are explained in detail based on the emission spectra and pump power density-dependent UC luminescence intensity in rare earth (Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+ and Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+/Ho3+)-doped α-NiMoO4 nanoparticles. The results indicate that Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+- and Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+/Ho3+-doped α-NiMoO4 nanoparticles can be good candidates for white-light devices.
Atomic investigations on the tension–compression asymmetry of Al
x
FeNiCrCu (x = 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0) high-entropy alloy nanowires
Authors: Niu Yihan , Zhao Dan , Zhu Bo , Wang Shunbo , Wang Zhaoxin , Zhao Hongwei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The tension and compression of high-entropy alloy (HEA) nanowires (NWs) are remarkably asymmetric, but the micro mechanism is still unclear. In this research, the tension–compression asymmetry of Al
x
FeNiCrCu HEA NWs (x = 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0) was quantitatively characterized via molecular dynamics simulations, focusing on the influences of the NW diameter, the Al content, the crystalline orientation, and the temperature, which are significant for applying HEAs in nanotechnology. The increased NW diameter improves the energy required for stacking faults nucleating, thus strengthening AlFeNiCrCu HEA NWs. A few twins during stretching weaken the strengthening effects, thereby decreasing the tension–compression asymmetry. The increased Al content raises the tension–compression asymmetry by promoting the face-centered cubic to body-centered cubic phase transition during stretching. The tension along the [001] crystalline orientation is stronger than the compression, while the [110] and [111] crystalline orientations are entirely the opposite, and the tension–compression asymmetry along the [111] crystalline orientation is the minimum. The diversities in the tension–compression asymmetry depend on the deformation mechanism. Compressing along the [001] crystalline orientation and stretching along the [110] crystalline orientation induces twinning. Deformation along the [111] crystalline orientation only leaves stacking faults in the NWs. Therefore, the tension and compression along the [111] crystalline orientation exhibit minimal asymmetry. As the temperature rises, the tension–compression asymmetry along the [001] and [111] crystalline orientations increases, while that along the [110] crystalline orientation decreases.
Effects of Zn doping on superconducting properties of melt textured Y–Ba–Cu–O bulk superconductors
Authors: He Jinyu , Wang Yuchen , Li Wenhao , Zhu Yanhan , Liu Xiongfang , Zhou Difan , Zhang Yibing , Yao Xin , Cai Chuanbing 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Zn doping which may induce a second peak effect in YBa2Cu3O7−δ
(YBCO) has been opted as a regular technique to improve the trapped field and flux pinning stability of YBCO bulk superconductors for practical applications, such as quasi-permanent or maglev magnets. Here, the effects of Zn doping on the flux trapping performance of single domain YBCO bulk superconductors have been systematically investigated. The doping amount x varies from 0 to 1.0 mol%. We analyzed the critical transition temperature (T
c), critical current density (J
c), trapped field (B
t) and the flux relaxation at various temperatures, and measured in addition the levitation force (F
L) for comparison. The doping amount of 0.6 mol% has been proven to be the optimal value, which enhances self-field J
c by 243.3% at 30 K with an obvious secondary peak effect, resulting in great improvements in trapped field and flux stability. The holistic and local superconducting performances exhibit good agreement, demonstrating Zn-doping an effective method to improve flux pinning properties for practical applications.
The Nicaraguan Pediatric Influenza Cohort Study, 2011–2019: Influenza Incidence, Seasonality, and Transmission
Authors: Maier Hannah E , Kuan Guillermina , Gresh Lionel , Chowell Gerardo , Bakker Kevin , Lopez Roger , Sanchez Nery , Lopez Brenda , Schiller Amy , Ojeda Sergio , Harris Eva , Balmaseda Angel , Gordon Aubree 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background
Children account for a large portion of global influenza burden and transmission, and a better understanding of influenza in children is needed to improve prevention and control strategies.

Methods
To examine the incidence and transmission of influenza we conducted a prospective community-based study of children aged 0–14 years in Managua, Nicaragua, between 2011 and 2019. Participants were provided with medical care through study physicians and symptomatic influenza was confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Wavelet analyses were used to examine seasonality. Generalized growth models (GGMs) were used to estimate effective reproduction numbers.

Results
From 2011 to 2019, 3016 children participated, with an average of ∼1800 participants per year and median follow-up time of 5 years per child, and 48.3% of the cohort in 2019 had been enrolled their entire lives. The overall incidence rates per 100 person-years were 14.5 symptomatic influenza cases (95% confidence interval [CI]: 13.9–15.1) and 1.0 influenza-associated acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) case (95% CI: .8–1.1). Symptomatic influenza incidence peaked at age 9–11 months. Infants born during peak influenza circulation had lower incidence in the first year of their lives. The mean effective reproduction number was 1.2 (range 1.02–1.49), and we observed significant annual patterns for influenza and influenza A, and a 2.5-year period for influenza B.

Conclusions
This study provides important information for understanding influenza epidemiology and informing influenza vaccine policy. These results will aid in informing strategies to reduce the burden of influenza.
Risk Factors for Ebola Virus Persistence in Semen of Survivors in Liberia
Authors: Dyal Jonathan , Kofman Aaron , Kollie Jomah Z , Fankhauser John , Orone Romeo , Soka Moses J , Glaybo Uriah , Kiawu Armah , Freeman Edna , Giah Giovanni , Tony Henry D , Faikai Mylene , Jawara Mary , Kamara Kuku , Kamara Samuel , Flowers Benjamin , Kromah Mohammed L , Desamu-Thorpe Rodel , Graziano James , Brown Shelley , Morales-Betoulle Maria E , Cannon Deborah L , Su Kaihong , Linderman Susanne L , Plucinski Mateusz , Rogier Eric , Bradbury Richard S , Secor W Evan , Bowden Katherine E , Phillips Christi , Carrington Mary N , Park Yeon-Hwa , Martin Maureen P , Aguinaga Maria del Pilar , Mushi Robert , Haberling Dana L , Ervin Elizabeth D , Klena John D , Massaquoi Moses , Nyenswah Tolbert , Nichol Stuart T , Chiriboga David E , Williams Desmond E , Hinrichs Steven H , Ahmed Rafi , Vonhm Benjamin T , Rollin Pierre E , Purpura Lawrence J , Choi Mary J 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background
Long-term persistence of Ebola virus (EBOV) in immunologically privileged sites has been implicated in recent outbreaks of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in Guinea and the Democratic Republic of Congo. This study was designed to understand how the acute course of EVD, convalescence, and host immune and genetic factors may play a role in prolonged viral persistence in semen.

Methods
A cohort of 131 male EVD survivors in Liberia were enrolled in a case-case study. “Early clearers” were defined as those with 2 consecutive negative EBOV semen test results by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) ≥2 weeks apart within 1 year after discharge from the Ebola treatment unit or acute EVD. “Late clearers” had detectable EBOV RNA by rRT-PCR &gt;1 year after discharge from the Ebola treatment unit or acute EVD. Retrospective histories of their EVD clinical course were collected by questionnaire, followed by complete physical examinations and blood work.

Results
Compared with early clearers, late clearers were older (median, 42.5 years; P &lt; .001) and experienced fewer severe clinical symptoms (median 2, P = .006). Late clearers had more lens opacifications (odds ratio, 3.9 [95% confidence interval, 1.1–13.3]; P = .03), after accounting for age, higher total serum immunoglobulin G3 (IgG3) titers (P = .005), and increased expression of the HLA-C*03:04 allele (0.14 [.02–.70]; P = .007).

Conclusions
Older age, decreased illness severity, elevated total serum IgG3 and HLA-C*03:04 allele expression may be risk factors for the persistence of EBOV in the semen of EVD survivors. EBOV persistence in semen may also be associated with its persistence in other immunologically protected sites, such as the eye.
Effective primary care attenuates the association between frailty and hospital admission in old age: the ELSI-Brazil
Authors: Silva Silvia L A , Macinko James , Lima-Costa Maria Fernanda , Torres Juliana L 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background
Frailty is a multidimensional syndrome leading to a higher hospitalization. However, few studies explicitly analyze whether measures of effective primary care modify the relationship between frailty and hospital admission.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included data from the second wave of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil), a representative community-based study with older adults aged 50 years and over, conducted in 2019–2021. Self-reported hospital admission in the past 12 months was the outcome. Frailty included the 5 phenotypic criteria: weight loss, exhaustion, low physical activity, weakness, and slowness. The effective primary care index included 12 attributes indicators, continuously. Statistical analyzes comprised logistic regression.

Results
Among the 7,436 study participants, frailty (odds ratio [OR] 2.17; 95% confidence intervals [95% CI] 1.31–3.62) and effective primary care index (OR 1.10; 95% CI 1.03–1.16) were positively associated with higher hospitalization. Interaction revealed that while effective primary care was positively associated with hospitalization, this association was different among frail older adults (OR 0.80; 95% CI 0.65–0.99). After stratification by frailty status, positive association with hospitalization remained only among prefrail and nonfrail individuals. The predicted probability of hospitalization tended to decrease along with higher primary care index values among frail older adults and became similar to prefrail/nonfrail at the highest end of the scale.

Conclusions
Effective primary care decreases the likelihood of hospital admission among frail older adults. Interventions for delaying frailty should be initiated in primary care along with policies to strengthen primary care’s organizational and provider/team-level attributes.
Site-specific variations in air-to-ground coupled seismic arrivals from the 2012 October 16 explosion at Camp Minden, Louisiana, United States
Authors: Wills Gemma , Nippress Alexandra , Green David N , Spence Peter J 
Published: May 2022

SUMMARY
Air-to-ground coupled seismic arrivals, resulting from infrasound interacting with the ground surface, can be identified on seismometers co-located with microbarometers. Dense networks of co-located sensors provide detailed spatial information about the infrasonic wavefield, allowing investigation of infrasonic propagation and an assessment of the variability in air-to-ground coupling mechanisms. Signals generated by an explosion at Camp Minden, Louisiana, United States, on 2012 October 16 were recorded across the eastern United States on the USArray Transportable Array. 233 infrasound signals were identified at distances of up to 1566 km from the source, with 105 of these sites, at distances of up to 1147 km from the source, recording above-noise air-to-ground coupled seismic arrivals in the 2–4 Hz passband (chosen to maximise seismic arrival signal-to-noise ratios). The spatially dense infrasound recordings allowed a unique investigation of the azimuthal variation in infrasound amplitudes, showing that stratospheric arrival amplitudes increased by a factor greater than 4 between the edge and centre of the stratospheric propagation duct. Air-to-ground coupling coefficients, calculated as the ratios of temporally coincident peak-to-trough seismic and infrasound time-domain amplitudes, span over two orders of magnitude ([9.0 × 10−8, 5.0 × 10−5] ms−1 Pa−1). Sites exhibiting high coupling coefficients are predominantly located on alluvial sediments that support the generation of air-to-ground coupled Rayleigh waves, resulting in poor coherence between the seismic and infrasonic waveforms. In contrast, sites exhibiting low coupling coefficients are predominantly located on chemically weathered bedrock and only support direct coupling, leading to high coherence between air-to-ground coupled seismic and infrasonic recordings. The Camp Minden explosion observations, and a consideration of expected seismic noise and air-to-ground coupled arrival amplitudes, suggest that co-located pairs of seismometers and microbarometers are likely to record signals from small (tens of tons) explosions at distances of over 1000 km under favourable propagation conditions. Co-located deployments may therefore provide a cost-effective method for augmenting current state-of-the-art infrasound array networks, by providing a higher spatial density of recordings; this may assist in correctly associating recorded signals with, and estimating the location of, source events.
Mirroring in production? Early evidence from the scale-up of Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs)
Authors: Alochet Marc , MacDuffie John Paul , Midler Christophe 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe mirroring hypothesis is central to modularity theory, positing isomorphism between technical interdependencies of a product and organizational arrangements. When a product’s design becomes more modular, a full mirroring response would change both its manufacturing and its supply chain. We evaluate this prediction for Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs), observing whether automakers have mirrored the modular BEV architecture in either internal production processes, external sourcing arrangements, or both. Our data from 19 automakers show that, to date, BEVs are manufactured in their assembly plants alongside conventional internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). New automakers with fully BEV plants utilize essentially the same production process. Furthermore, automakers make—or ally to make—key Electric Vehicle (EV) systems, rather than outsourcing them. We discuss the implications of this partial mirroring for modularity theory and ask whether these arrangements will persist once BEV sales surpass ICEVs.
Impulse Control Disorders by Dopamine Partial Agonists: A Pharmacovigilance-Pharmacodynamic Assessment Through the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System
Authors: Fusaroli Michele , Raschi Emanuel , Giunchi Valentina , Menchetti Marco , Rimondini Giorgini Roberto , De Ponti Fabrizio , Poluzzi Elisabetta 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background
The dopaminergic partial agonism of the so-called third-generation antipsychotics (TGAs; aripiprazole, brexpiprazole, cariprazine) is hypothesized to cause impulse control disorders (ICDs). Relevant warnings by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) were posted on aripiprazole (2016) and brexpiprazole (2018). Our study investigated the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System and the pharmacodynamic CHEMBL database to further characterize TGA-induced ICDs.

Methods
We downloaded and pre-processed the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System up to December 2020. We adapted Bradford Hill criteria to assess each TGA’s —and secondarily other antipsychotics’—causal role in inducing ICDs (pathological gambling, compulsive shopping, hyperphagia, hypersexuality), accounting for literature and disproportionality. ICD clinical features were analyzed, and their pathogenesis was investigated using receptor affinities.

Results
A total of 2708 reports of TGA-related ICDs were found, primarily recording aripiprazole (2545 reports, 94%) among the drugs, and gambling (2018 reports, 75%) among the events. Bradford-Hill criteria displayed evidence for a causal role of each TGA consistent across subpopulations and when correcting for biases. Significant disproportionalities also emerged for lurasidone with compulsive shopping, hyperphagia, and hypersexuality, and olanzapine and ziprasidone with hyperphagia. Time to onset varied between days and years, and positive dechallenge was observed in 20% of cases. Frequently, co-reported events were economic (50%), obsessive-compulsive (44%), and emotional conditions (34%). 5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor type 1a agonism emerged as an additional plausible pathogenetic mechanism.

Conclusions
We detected an association between TGAs and ICDs and identified a new signal for lurasidone. ICD characteristics are behavior specific and may heavily impact on life. The role of 5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor type 1a agonism should be further explored.
Characterization of an MDR Lactobacillus salivarius isolate harbouring the phenicol-oxazolidinone-tetracycline resistance gene poxtA
Authors: Zhu Yao , Yang Wenlin , Schwarz Stefan , Xu Qiu , Yang Qin , Wang Lingli , Liu Siguo , Zhang Wanjiang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To characterize the oxazolidinone resistance gene poxtA in a Lactobacillus salivarius isolate of pig origin.

Methods
L. salivarius isolate BNS11 was investigated for the presence of mobile oxazolidinone resistance genes by PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by broth microdilution. Transfer experiments were conducted to assess horizontal transferability of the gene poxtA. WGS was carried out using a combination of Oxford Nanopore MinION/Illumina HiSeq platforms. The presence of translocatable units (TUs) carrying resistance genes was studied by PCR assays and subsequent sequence analysis.

Results
L. salivarius isolate BNS11 was positive for poxtA. WGS showed that it harboured two gene copies each of the poxtA and the fexB genes, which were located on the broad-host-range Inc18 plasmid pBNS11-37kb and in the chromosomal DNA, respectively. The plasmid-borne poxtA gene together with the genes fexB, vat(E) and erm(C) were located in an MDR region on plasmid pBNS11-37kb. Analysis of the genetic context showed that an approx. 11 kb poxtA-fexB fragment was integrated into the chromosomal DNA and two novel IS elements ISLasa1 and ISLasa2 were identified in this inserted fragment. PCR assays revealed that five different IS1216E-based TUs carrying the resistance genes poxtA, fexB, vat(E) or erm(C) were formed.

Conclusions
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the transferable oxazolidinone resistance gene poxtA in the genus Lactobacillus. In addition, the presence of IS1216E-based TUs will contribute to the persistence and accelerate the dissemination of resistance genes, including poxtA.