bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coproducing a library of videos to support families caring for children with gastrostomies: A mixed‐methods evaluation with family carers and clinicians
Authors: Page Bethan , Lee Alex C. H. , Harrop Emily J. , Beale Tania , Sharrard Alison , Yeung Nick , Vincent Charles A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionMany families now perform specialist medical procedures at home. Families need appropriate training and support to do this. The aim of this study was to evaluate a library of videos, coproduced with parents and healthcare professionals, to support and educate families caring for a child with a gastrostomy.MethodsA mixed‐methods online survey evaluating the videos was completed by 43 family carers who care for children with gastrostomies and 33 healthcare professionals (community‐based nurses [n = 16], paediatricians [n = 6], dieticians [n = 6], hospital‐based nurses [n = 4], paediatric surgeon [n = 1]) from the United Kingdom. Participants watched a sample of videos, rated statements on the videos and reflected on how the videos could be best used in practice.ResultsBoth family carers and healthcare professionals perceived the video library as a valuable resource for parents and strongly supported the use of videos in practice. All healthcare professionals and 98% (n = 42) of family carers agreed they would recommend the videos to other families. Family carers found the videos empowering and easy to follow and valued the mixture of healthcare professionals and families featured in the videos. Participants gave clear recommendations for how different video topics should fit within the existing patient pathway.DiscussionFamilies and healthcare professionals perceived the videos to be an extremely useful resource for parents, supporting them practically and emotionally. Similar coproduced educational materials are needed to support families who perform other medical procedures at home.Patient or Public ContributionTwo parent representatives attended the research meetings from conception of the project and were involved in the design, conduct and dissemination of the surveys. The videos themselves were coproduced with several different families.
Niobium oxide‐activated yttrium barium titanate nanorod structured ceramics for energy storage applications
Authors: Rallapalli Ravanamma , Kalimi Muralidhara Reddy , Nirlakalla Ravi , Reniguntla Padma Suvarna 
Published: February 2022

AbstractStructure, morphology, and electrical properties of 10 mol% of Nb2O5‐activated yttrium barium titanate (BT) Ba(60‐z)Ti(40‐x)NbzYxO3 (BTY10Nb10), barium titanate (BT), and 10 mol% of Y2O3‐activated BT were explored with calcination and sintering temperatures of 1000°C at 8 h and 1200°C at 6 h, respectively. The thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry (TG–DSC) analysis reported that the total weight loss and residual mass of BT at 1300°C were 16.8 and 83.2%, respectively. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD) pattern confirmed that BTY10Nb10 ceramics containing the BaNbO3 phase were developed. A Raman band of BT at 307 cm–1 unveiled a blue shift slightly for BTY10 to 298 cm–1 and for BTY10Nb10 to 306 cm–1. Average pore area of the ferroelectric BTY10Nb10 was found to be 6.96 nm for the total scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image area of 20.31 nm. Formation of BT nanorods analyzed from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been reported in three samples that regulate surface roughness. Moreover, Nyquist diagram of BTY10Nb10 shows two overlapping semicircles as a function of frequency. Nanorod structures led to change the morphology and surface roughness. Recoverable energy storage density and energy storage efficiency were estimated as 2.63 µJ/cm3 and 57%, and BTY10Nb10 ferroelectric showed potential for energy storage applications due to changes in surface morphology and porosity.
SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine‐related cutaneous manifestations: a systematic review
Authors: Avallone Gianluca , Quaglino Pietro , Cavallo Francesco , Roccuzzo Gabriele , Ribero Simone , Zalaudek Iris , Conforti Claudio 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTo date, over 250 million people have been reportedly infected by COVID‐19 disease, which has spread across the globe and led to approximately 5.1 million fatalities. To prevent both COVID‐19 and viral transmission, DNA‐based/RNA‐based vaccines, non‐replicating viral vector vaccines, and inactivated vaccines have been recently developed. However, a precise clinical and histological characterization of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine‐related dermatological manifestations is still lacking. A systematic review of 229 articles was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, in order to provide an extensive overview of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine‐related skin manifestations. Data on demographics, number of reported cases with cutaneous involvement, vaccine, and rash type (morphology) were extracted from articles and summarized. A total of 5941 SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine‐related dermatological manifestations were gathered. Local injection‐site reactions were the most frequently observed, followed by rash/unspecified cutaneous eruption, urticarial rashes, angioedema, herpes zoster, morbilliform/maculopapular/erythematous macular eruption, pityriasis rosea and pityriasis rosea‐like eruptions, and other less common dermatological manifestations. Flares of pre‐existing dermatological conditions were also reported. Cutaneous adverse reactions following SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine administration seem to be heterogeneous, rather infrequent, and not life‐threatening. Vaccinated patients should be monitored for skin manifestations, and dermatological evaluation should be offered, when needed.
The value of next‐generation sequencing in routine diagnostics and management of patients with cytopenia
Authors: Breinholt Marie Fredslund , Nielsen Kåre , Schejbel Lone , Fassi Daniel El , Schöllkopf Claudia , Novotny Guy Wayne , Mortensen Bo Kok , Ahmad Azhar , Høgdall Estrid , Nørgaard Peter 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionWe performed a single‐center study of real‐world health data to investigate the direct clinical consequence of targeted next‐generation sequencing (NGS) results integrated in the clinicopathological evaluation of patients with cytopenia suspected of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).MethodsThe study included 87 newly referred patients, who had a bone marrow examination, which included targeted NGS analysis. NGS was requested at the discretion of either examining pathologist or hematologist. Data were collected retrospectively from patient files including pathology reports with integrated NGS results.ResultsThe NGS results had a diagnostic impact in 67 cases (77%) when combining both histopathological and final clinical evaluation and provided prognostic value in 19 cases (22%). NGS supported a confident or tentative histopathological diagnosis in 52 cases (60%). Twenty cases (23%) had a final diagnosis of either Clonal Cytopenia of Undetermined Significance (CCUS) or Idiopathic Cytopenia of Undetermined Significance (ICUS). In 4 cases, NGS results affected the choice of principal treatment strategy, including considerations of allotransplantation. Twenty‐one patients (24%) could be discharged to primary care physician.ConclusionIn a multidisciplinary clinicopathological real‐world setting, NGS analysis of bone marrow samples from selected patients contributed substantially to the diagnostic evaluation and management of patients with cytopenia suspected of MDS. Consequently, we have now included NGS analysis in most routine bone marrow examinations from patients with MDS or unexplained cytopenia.
Identification of peripheral blood CD26+ leukemic stem cells has a potential role in the rapid diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Sharma Praveen , Sachdeva Man Updesh Singh , Naseem Shano , Sreedharanunni Sreejesh , Das Reena , Malhotra Pankaj , Varma Neelam 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundChronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematopoietic stem cell (SC) neoplasm diagnosed by the demonstration of t(9;22)(BCR‐ABL1) fusion gene. We performed a flow cytometric assay to identify CD26+ CML leukemic stem cells (LSCs) for its value as a standalone diagnostic investigation for CML and its utility for detection of residual disease in CML patients on therapy.MethodsPatients with clinical suspicion of CML/CML on follow‐up were included, and peripheral (PB) and/or bone marrow (BM) samples were utilized for flow cytometric analysis. PB and/or BM of patients with diseases other than CML were used as controls. A pre‐titrated antibody cocktail containing CD45, CD34, CD38, and CD26 MoABs was used.ResultsA total of 104 samples (63 PB and 41 BM) from 64 patients [suspected CML (n = 30), CML on follow‐up (n = 15), and non‐CML (n = 19)] were tested. CD26+ LSCs were identified in all patients with a confirmed diagnosis of CML (median = 0.07 (range 0.002%–26.79%)). None of the patients in the control group (non‐CML) and follow‐up patients with negative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) results showed the presence of CD26+ LSCs. Also, there was a strong correlation between CD26+ CML LSCs in the PB and BM (r = .917).ConclusionFlow cytometric identification of CD26+ LSCs in the peripheral blood can be a cheap, rapid, robust, and potential diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of CML compared to available testing methods. It is irrespective of BCR‐ABL1 transcript type, and its role in residual disease monitoring needs thorough investigation.
Post‐prostate biopsy acute bacterial prostatitis and screening cultures using selective media: An overview
Authors: Acosta Herik , Sadahira Takuya , Sekito Takanori , Maruyama Yuki , Iwata Takehiro , Araki Motoo , Ogawa Kohei , Tsuboi Ichiro , Wada Koichiro 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe development of several culture media and the availability to isolate and treat pathogens prior to a surgical procedure give us the ability to minimize treatment‐related complications, and ultimately results in better outcomes for patients and avoidance of unwanted post‐procedure inpatient admissions. In the last decade, an increasing incidence of multidrug‐resistant Escherichia coli, especially extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase‐producing E. coli and fluoroquinolone‐resistant pathogens, has been reported. These resistant species frequently colonize the rectal flora and gain access to the systemic circulation via the rectal plexus following a prostate biopsy. The bacteria can eventually lead to life‐threatening complications, which is especially important in high‐risk patients with multiple co‐morbidities. Previously published studies have focused on the isolation of these pathogens with selective media before an invasive procedure and the potential benefits of incorporating the use of selective media as a mandatory pre‐operative step. This preventive measure will allow us to offer a tailored prophylactic treatment that benefits patients and reduces the economic burden for the hospital.
Staphylococcus aureus controls eicosanoid and specialized pro‐resolving mediator production via lipoteichoic acid
Authors: Miek Laura , Jordan Paul M. , Günther Kerstin , Pace Simona , Beyer Timo , Kowalak David , Hoerr Verena , Löffler Bettina , Tuchscherr Lorena , Serhan Charles N. , Gerstmeier Jana , Werz Oliver 
Published: February 2022

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus causes severe infections associated with inflammation, such as sepsis or osteomyelitis. Inflammatory processes are regulated by distinct lipid mediators (LMs) but how their biosynthetic pathways are orchestrated in S. aureus infections is elusive. We show that S. aureus strikingly not only modulates pro‐inflammatory, but also inflammation‐resolving LM pathways in murine osteomyelitis and osteoclasts as well as in human monocyte‐derived macrophages (MDMs) with different phenotype. Targeted LM metabololipidomics using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry revealed massive generation of LM with distinct LM signature profiles in acute and chronic phases of S. aureus‐induced murine osteomyelitis in vivo. In human MDM, S. aureus elevated cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) and microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase‐1 (mPGES‐1), but impaired the levels of 15‐lipoxygenase‐1 (15‐LOX‐1), with respective changes in LM signature profiles initiated by these enzymes, that is, elevated PGE2 and impaired specialized pro‐resolving mediators, along with reduced M2‐like phenotypic macrophage markers. The cell wall component, lipoteichoic acid (LTA), mimicked the impact of S. aureus elevating COX‐2/mPGES‐1 expression via NF‐κB and p38 MAPK signalling in MDM, while the impairment of 15‐LOX‐1 correlates with reduced expression of Lamtor1. In conclusion, S. aureus dictates LM pathways via LTA resulting in a shift from anti‐inflammatory M2‐like towards pro‐inflammatory M1‐like LM signature profiles.
Arthroscopic Anatomical Acromioclavicular Joint Reconstruction using a Button Device and a Semitendinosus Graft
Authors: Maia Dias Carlos , Leite Maria João , Ribeiro da Silva Manuel , Granate Pedro , Manuel Teixeira José 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo report a new technique for anatomical acromioclavicular (AC) joint reconstruction.MethodsIn order to minimize such complications, the authors describe a new anatomical and biological AC joint repair. This technique aims to provide greater stability by using two anatomically placed clavicular tunnels and a combined construct with a double endobutton cortical fixation for primary stabilization, and to be biologically advantageous by using an autologous semitendinosus (ST) tendon graft. Additionally, the coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction is complemented with an AC joint cerclage and capsular reinforcement, which will protect the biological construction in its initial stage of healing.ResultsThis technique provides adequate primary and secondary biomechanical stability by passing both a semitendinosus autogenous graft and a double endobutton device, through anatomically placed and small diameter clavicle holes, without the need for coracoid drilling. Our technique showed encouraging results regarding pain resolution, range of motion, and function. At final follow‐up we experienced excellent results with average pain score of 1.6, and average ROM of 159° of forward flexion, 160° of abduction, 68° of external rotation, and internal rotation level at T11. Postoperative function also showed great improvements with average ASES of 85 points, an average Constant Score of 87 and a Subjective Shoulder Value of 89 points. This technique also achieved perfectly acceptable radiographic results, with an average coracoclavicular distance increase of 0.8 mm. Regarding complications, our sample showed one case of AC join subluxation, two cases of internal saphenous nerve injury, and two partial graft tears at the suture‐button interface, with none of these requiring surgical revision.ConclusionThis technique is advantageous in treatment of acromioclavicular joint dislocation and can be performed in both the subacute and chronic setting.
Genome‐wide identification and characterization of aquaporins in mangrove plant Kandelia obovata and its role in response to the intertidal environment
Authors: Guo Zejun , Ma Dongna , Li Jing , Wei Mingyue , Zhang Ludan , Zhou Lichun , Zhou Xiaoxuan , He Shanshan , Wang Lin , Shen Yingjia , Li Qingshun Quinn , Zheng Hai‐Lei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAquaporins (AQPs) play important roles in plant growth, development and tolerance to environmental stresses. To understand the role of AQPs in the mangrove plant Kandelia obovata, which has the ability to acquire water from seawater, we identified 34 AQPs in the K. obovata genome and analysed their structural features. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that KoAQPs are homologous to AQPs of Populus and Arabidopsis, which are evolutionarily conserved. The key amino acid residues were used to assess water‐transport ability. Analysis of cis‐acting elements in the promoters indicated that KoAQPs may be stress‐ and hormone‐responsive. Subcellular localization of KoAQPs in yeast showed most KoAQPs function in the membrane system. That transgenic yeast with increased cell volume showed that some KoAQPs have significant water‐transport activity, and the substrate sensitivity assay indicates that some KoAQPs can transport H2O2. The transcriptome data were used to analyze the expression patterns of KoAQPs in different tissues and developing fruits of K. obovata. In addition, real‐time quantitative PCR analyses combined transcriptome data showed that KoAQPs have complex responses to environmental factors, including salinity, flooding and cold. Collectively, the transport of water and solutes by KoAQPs contributed to the adaptation of K. obovata to the coastal intertidal environment.
Desiccation of the leaf mesophyll and its implications for CO2 diffusion and light processing
Authors: Momayyezi Mina , Borsuk Aleca M. , Brodersen Craig R. , Gilbert Matthew E. , Théroux‐Rancourt Guillaume , Kluepfel Daniel A. , McElrone Andrew J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLeaves balance CO2 and radiative absorption while maintaining water transport to maximise photosynthesis. Related species with contrasting leaf anatomy can provide insights into inherent and stress‐induced links between structure and function for commonly measured leaf traits for important crops. We used two walnut species with contrasting mesophyll anatomy to evaluate these integrated exchange processes under non‐stressed and drought conditions using a combination of light microscopy, X‐ray microCT, gas exchange, hydraulic conductance, and chlorophyll distribution profiles through leaves. Juglans regia had thicker palisade mesophyll, higher fluorescence in the palisade, and greater low‐mesophyll porosity that were associated with greater gas‐phase diffusion (gIAS), stomatal and mesophyll (gm) conductances and carboxylation capacity. More and highly‐packed mesophyll cells and bundle sheath extensions (BSEs) in Juglans microcarpa led to higher fluorescence in the spongy and in proximity to the BSEs. Both species exhibited drought‐induced reductions in mesophyll cell volume, yet the associated increases in porosity and gIAS were obscured by declines in biochemical activity that decreased gm. Inherent differences in leaf anatomy between the species were linked to differences in gas exchange, light absorption and photosynthetic capacity, and drought‐induced changes in leaf structure impacted performance via imposing species‐specific limitations to light absorption, gas exchange and hydraulics.
OsTGAL1 suppresses the resistance of rice to bacterial blight disease by regulating the expression of salicylic acid glucosyltransferase OsSGT1
Authors: Li Dongyue , Zhou Jie , Zheng Chao , Zheng Ersong , Liang Weifang , Tan Xiaojing , Xu Rumeng , Yan Chengqi , Yang Yong , Yi Keke , Liu Xiuli , Chen Jianping , Wang Xuming 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMany TGA transcription factors participate in immune responses in the SA‐mediated signaling pathway in Arabidopsis. This study identified a transcription factor OsTGAL1, which is induced upon infection by Xoo. Overexpression of OsTGAL1 increased the susceptibility of rice to Xoo. Plants overexpressing OsTGAL1 could affect the expression of many SA signaling‐related genes. OsTGAL1 was able to interact with the promoter of OsSGT1, which encodes a key enzyme for SA metabolism. The transcript of OsSGT1 was induced by Xoo and this responsive expression was further increased in plants overexpressing OsTGAL1. OsSGT1 knockout lines had enhanced resistance to Xoo, and knocking out OsSGT1 in plants overexpressing OsTGAL1 blocked the susceptibility caused by OsTGAL1. Altered expression levels of several OsPRs in all the transgenic plants demonstrated that SA‐mediated signaling had been affected. Furthermore, we identified an oxidoreductase of CC‐type glutaredoxin, OsGRX17, which interacted with OsTGAL1. OsGRX17 reduced the regulation of OsTGAL1 on OsSGT1, and this may be due to its redox modulation. Thus, our results demonstrate that OsTGAL1 negatively regulates resistance to Xoo by its effects on SA metabolism via the activation of OsSGT1, which provides valuable targets for plant breeders in developing new cultivars that are resistant to Xoo.
Multiple brace root phenotypes promote anchorage and limit root lodging in maize
Authors: Hostetler Ashley N. , Erndwein Lindsay , Reneau Jonathan W. , Stager Adam , Tanner Herbert G. , Cook Douglas , Sparks Erin E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPlant mechanical failure (lodging) causes global yield losses of 7%−66% in cereal crops. We have previously shown that the above‐ground nodal roots (brace roots) in maize are critical for anchorage. However, it is unknown how brace root phenotypes vary across genotypes and the functional consequence of this variation. This study quantifies the contribution of brace roots to anchorage, brace root traits, plant height, and root lodging susceptibility in 52 maize inbred lines. We show that the contribution of brace roots to anchorage and root lodging susceptibility varies among genotypes and this contribution can be explained by plant architectural variation. Additionally, supervised machine learning models were developed and show that multiple plant architectural phenotypes can predict the contribution of brace roots to anchorage and root lodging susceptibility. Together these data define the plant architectures that are important in lodging resistance and show that the contribution of brace roots to anchorage is a good proxy for root lodging susceptibility.
Explaining Why the Computer Says No: Algorithmic Transparency Affects the Perceived Trustworthiness of Automated Decision‐Making
Authors: Grimmelikhuijsen Stephan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAlgorithms based on Artificial Intelligence technologies are slowly transforming street‐level bureaucracies, yet a lack of algorithmic transparency may jeopardize citizen trust. Based on procedural fairness theory, this article hypothesizes that two core elements of algorithmic transparency (accessibility and explainability) are crucial to strengthening the perceived trustworthiness of street‐level decision‐making. This is tested in one experimental scenario with low discretion (a denied visa application) and one scenario with high discretion (a suspicion of welfare fraud). The results show that: (1) explainability has a more pronounced effect on trust than the accessibility of the algorithm; (2) the effect of algorithmic transparency not only pertains to trust in the algorithm itself but also—partially—to trust in the human decision‐maker; (3) the effects of algorithmic transparency are not robust across decision context. These findings imply that transparency‐as‐accessibility is insufficient to foster citizen trust. Algorithmic explainability must be addressed to maintain and foster trustworthiness algorithmic decision‐making.