bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bread and Leaven in the Biblical and Patristic Tradition
Authors: Siecienski A. Edward 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The debate concerning the type of bread to be used at the Eucharist, that is, whether it should be leavened or unleavened, finds its basis in three distinct historical/theological questions concerning the sacrament as found in Scripture and tradition. The first involves the meaning of “leaven” and whether it should be understood as a good or bad thing. The second, and perhaps most contentious issue, was the debate surrounding the date of the Last Supper, and whether the meal Jesus shared with the apostles before his death was a Passover meal eaten with unleavened bread. The third issue, related to the second, was the practice of the undivided church and what type of bread Christians used when “they came together and devoted themselves to the apostles’ teaching and fellowship, to the breaking of bread and the prayers”.
Purgatory in the Biblical and Patristic Tradition
Authors: Siecienski A. Edward 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Catholic authors since the Middle Ages have maintained that although the word “Purgatory” itself is not present, the teaching that departed souls can be cleansed of their sins after death is “explicitly taught in Scripture … found in the writings of the early church fathers … [and] is part of the deposit of faith.” The Orthodox, while acknowledging the importance of prayers for the dead, remained unconvinced by this argument, and interpreted the writings of certain fathers (e.g., Gregory of Nyssa) on “the crucible of purifying fire” differently than their Catholic counterparts. Certain biblical texts lent themselves to this discussion, and these would become the battleground in the fight over Purgatory for the next thousand years.
How Families Resist the Carceral State and Move Toward Healing
Authors: Patricia O’Brien , Willison Judith S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter describes the long reach of criminalization and incarceration into the lives of children and their families, an impact little considered in the processes of carceral punishment. The chapter discusses some avenues for working with family members to maintain connections during incarceration and restore disrupted relationships. The chapter also examines the right to parent and resilience in families impacted by the carceral state. Anti-oppressive social workers support investing in vulnerable communities to expand educational and employment opportunities for youth and adults and to ensure access to quality medical, mental health, and substance use services that address significant drivers of criminalization.
Dear Naseem
Authors: Sufia Hossain Begum 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In a letter written to Naseem, doctor Azam confesses his love for Sara, one of his patients. He recollects how he met Sara and the memorable time he had spent with her. But, one day, Sara leaves him without saying anything. Begum Sufia Hossain’s “Dear Naseem” (translated from Bengali) which first appeared in Saogat, an early twentieth-century Bengali women’s journal, in 1934, deals with the theme of unfulfilled desires and love. From his self-chosen exile, the doctor explains the reasons for his running away and not marrying the addressee’s sister, Zubaida through a letter. The story underscores the question of “choices” that men and women have in a relationship.
Zakat
Authors: Tabassum Wajeda 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Wajeda Tabassum’s “Zakat” is a story about a Nawab from Hyderabad- Zain Yar Jung, who is known for his generosity. He falls in love with a woman from a poor family and although the parents initially do not want to marry their child to the Nawab, they are forced to eventually give in. At a gathering, when the Nawab shows off his new bride to his friends, the bride retorts saying that the Nawab has always provided for people but today she has given him her youth and beauty as zakat (charity). The story sheds light on the power dynamics that are subtly overturned by the woman and questions the various power structures that emerge within the story.
A Day in the Labour Room
Authors: Bano Jeelani 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Several female patients visit the hospital in which the narrator is on duty. She thinks about each of them: a teenage pregnant girl, a thin and frail pregnant woman who is hesitant to abort her foetus, and a dead body of a married woman – the physical and mental conditions of these patients persuade her to contemplate the status and the rights of woman in society. Narrated by a lady doctor, Jeelani Bano’s poignant short story "A Day in the Labour Room" deals with an ordinary day in the narrator's life. It focuses on themes of the physical and mental health of women and raises questions pertaining to pregnancy, abortion, and the rights of women over their bodies.
Azrael
Authors: Zuhara BM 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Every night at the hospital, Ayesha is haunted by the thoughts of her death. She imagines her negotiations with Azrael, the angle of Death. She wishes to go back to her routine life. She wants to be close to her children, her family, and not die at the hospital. BM Zuhara’s “Azrael” reflects upon the crucial role that women play in society. She depicts the life of a common woman whose worries and dreams are etched within the domestic sphere. The story also narrates the Islamic beliefs regarding death and afterlife.
Origin
Authors: Ali Semeen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Semeen Ali’s “Origins” is a story about the relationship that a granddaughter shares with her grandmother. It is a compendium of snapshot memories, that the one from the younger generation is left with. The account brings up moments from the life of her grandmother, as seen and observed, by the granddaughter, that question a lot of stereotypes that seem to circulate around women coming from a specific background and culture. It aims to also look at how a generation learns to, or at times turns into, a remnant of the dying one. That a connection is forged by bonds of familial runs deep down and how the very structures one discovers/questions regarding a generation, turn out to be the ones that one is riddled with, as one grows older. The narrative is a tribute to the author’s grandmother and turns into an inner journey of the self- trying to discover and accept/discard beliefs as well as how it becomes one of the pieces of the every growing puzzle called identity.
The Sunset
Authors: Khatun Kajol Sulema 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
March 1971. The border security forces have organised a White Flag meeting at the no man's land between India and East Pakistan. People who migrated to the other side of the border in the wake of the 1947 partition are eager to meet their relatives who were left behind. But they only have two hours to meet each other. The Bengali short story "The Sunset" by Sulema Khatun Kajol captures the sea of emotions that flood the minds and lives of villagers on this special day. It focuses on the psychological and social dimensions of the trauma of the Partition. Translated from Bengali by Arzuman Ara
Blue-Winged Girls
Authors: Tabassum Nihan Husn 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
While waiting for her boyfriend Rohit at the railway station, Razia, a Muslim girl from a conservative family, is thinking about all the possible outcomes of her decision. She has decided to run away from her home but her boyfriend hasn’t come yet. What would happen to her if he doesn’t come? Husn Tabassum Nihan’s "Blue-Winged Girls" deals with the themes of interfaith love and the status of women in contemporary society. It shows how young girls like Razia are mustering up the courage to rebel against societal norms. Translated from Hindi by Haris Qadeer
The Hindustan Times Limited: Marching Forward with a Mission
Authors: Dahiya Surbhi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Hindustan Times—the very name itself exudes a subtle hue of intoxicating patriotism, and so has been its journey (quite peculiar, to say the least) on the path of truth telling, all through the 20th-century British Raj up until the political scenario of today. As the author analyses the genesis of this behemoth which began as a Delhi-centric paper by the Akalis in 1924, and recognized the presence of Sikh patriotism, following its trail which leads into 2019, she realizes that the organization has undergone a sea of changes, which are nothing short of revolutionary. The idea behind the start of the paper was to rouse the nationalistic sentiments among the masses through its writing. The Akalis also wanted to propagate the ideals of Sikhism through the paper to draw strength and inspiration from the ideals of Sikhism, so that they stayed motivated to fight for the cause of freedom. To reflect upon this and its subsequent effects, she looks into how the media house worked as a vehicle for change that sought to loosen the iron grip of the colonizers, and how it successfully soldiered on with its rousing words until India gained independence. No one could have predicted at the time that Hindustan Times was to become one of India’s most popular English dailies. The Hindustan Times changed ownership multiple times to finally stabilize under the patronage of the Birlas, who have since been the owners of the HT Group of companies. Post-independence, the chapter chronologically follows the changing patterns the organization undertook, as audience interests became important in a market that was fast moving from a social to a monetary field. Also mentioned at length are the motivations and inspiring stories of the people at HT, who derived from the past, and managed the group’s businesses in information, education, and entertainment in print (both newspapers and magazines), radio, and digital mediums, leading them to exponential growth and multifaceted diversification. The group has grown to establish a longstanding empire that has seen innumerable changes in various segments, and the author decodes this entire process by evaluating these changes in view of including design, layout, content, ownership, distribution, circulation, technology, geo-political launches, pricing strategies, visionary leadership, and changes in ownership. Additionally, the chapter talks about the impact of digitization on Hindustan Times and how they have adapted to it by modifying their growth and business models, making references to their annual reports and financial reviews. The author, in this book, seeks to analyse this roller coaster of a journey that has been undertaken by the HT Group after talking to Shobhana Bhartia, listing down her observations regarding the same. In presenting a holistic development map of Hindustan Times to her readers, the author gives them a glimpse of how India itself has progressed over the years.
The Policy Challenges of Incarceration and Health
Authors: Schnittker Jason , Massoglia Michael , Uggen Christopher 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGiven how the relationship between incarceration and health is sustained by legal, social, political, and institutional factors, mitigating the health effects of incarceration will not be easy. This chapter outlines the challenges to reducing the consequences of incarceration for health and for improving health care delivery in and outside prisons. Because the responsibilities of the prison system formally end when a person is released, reform will require integrated and multisectoral reforms. In addition, it necessitates thinking more broadly about the needs of people in prison, including greater recognition of the challenges of mental illness, as it is now situated precariously at the intersection of medicine and criminal justice. This situation presents both an opportunity and a challenge, though some programs have been successful.
Dancing Global Hip Hop
Authors: Johnson Imani Kai 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Chapter 4 draws our attention to the ways that difference is dealt with discursively—displaced onto conversations about moves—and negotiated alongside tradition or “foundation” among breakers around the world. In contrast to an idealized multiculturalism that elides difference, breakers’ own articulations of their relationships to the dance hearken back to the culture’s Africanist qualities, which help to bring breaking’s transnational scenes “on the one.” With insights from Q Rock, Frostalino, Hanifa Queen, Profo Won, and Rokafella, this chapter explores how the everyday ways that breakers negotiate differences in race, ethnicity, gender, and nationality can tell us something important about the on-the-ground tensions that can play out in coalitional political projects that share a similar set of differences. It opens with “Circles or Cyphers,” an account of a circle that was not a cypher in Germany.
Playfulness, “World”-Traveling, and Loving Perception
Authors: Lugones María 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter considers the ontological implications of encountering varying levels of intelligibility when one traverses social structures, such as when one immigrates to a new culture or works in a place with people of a different economic class than one’s own. This chapter terms this phenomenon “world-traveling,” which the chapter understands as the shift in self-experience that occurs when an oppressed person moves from an environment where she is readily perceived as an active subject to one where she is perceived as a passive instrument of others’ wills and desires. Such a situation opens on an ontological paradox because it seems that the same person is capable of possessing two contradictory attributes at the same time. The chapter explains how this paradoxical situation could obtain by arguing that attributes of consciousness are world-dependent. It concludes that the self is actually “a plurality of selves” and that the structure of subjectivity is neither unitary, universal, nor ahistorical.
Enactivism and Gender Performativity
Authors: Butnor Ashby , MacKenzie Matthew 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe enactivist paradigm of embodied cognition represents a powerful alternative to Cartesian and cognitivist approaches in the philosophy of mind. On this view, the body plays a constitutive role in the integrated functioning of perception, affect, and other cognitive processes. Enactivism shares many of the central themes of feminist theory, and is extended to apply to social and political concerns. Following a discussion of the key components of the enactive approach, this chapter applies it to explain more complex social manifestations, specifically gender performance and its reproduction through time. By employing Judith Butler’s notion of performativity, the chapter argues that gender, as one marker of social identity and difference, emerges through processes of embodied and embedded sense-making as articulated by enactive theory. More attention to embodied and embedded values allows for the interruption and transformation of histories of oppressive practices and opens the door to more liberatory possibilities.
“Moral Horticulture”
Authors: Evans Christopher H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter examines Frances Willard’s career as president of the Evanston College for Ladies and as dean of the Woman’s College of Northwestern University between 1871 and 1874. The chapter examines Willard’s leadership as a college administrator and how she sought to craft a distinctive model of women’s higher education. Her time at the college also introduced her to important reformers who later became Woman’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) colleagues, including Mary Livermore. While poor finances forced the college to merge with Northwestern University, Willard became embroiled in a conflict with Northwestern’s president: her former fiancé, Charles Fowler. Willard’s years as a college president and dean highlight themes of what she called “moral horticulture,” stressing women’s piety and their unique leadership attributes—themes she would later adapt in the WCTU.
“Wanderer on the Face of the Earth”
Authors: Evans Christopher H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter discusses the beginning of Frances Willard’s work in the woman’s temperance movement, in 1874 and 1875. It highlights the impact of the Woman’s Crusade of 1873–1874, started by a group of Hillsboro, Ohio, women led by Eliza Thompson. These women inaugurated months-long campaigns across the country whereby women led public protests designed to close saloons, getting proprietors to sign “the pledge” to abstain from selling alcoholic beverages. These campaigns led temperance women to hold an organizational meeting at the Chautauqua Institution in western New York, leading to the founding of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) in November 1874. The chapter discusses Willard’s early “gospel temperance” work with the WCTU and highlights her relationship with the WCTU’s first president, Annie Wittenmyer.
The Origins and Ends of Music
Authors: McDonald Christie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Shortly before his death, Proust wrote that A la recherche du temps perdu would one day be understood as a monument to Montaigne’s Essays and Jean-Jacques’s Confessions. Is it not curious, then, that of all the literary, philosophical, and artistic references in the novel, the two great lacunae are Montaigne and Rousseau, both of whom mixed autobiography with philosophical and social reflection? In fact, Proust’s discussion of Wagner contains a covert reference to Rousseau who, like Proust, shared a fascination with both life writing and music. The Rousseau-Proust musical connection lies in their focus on sensations, temporal understanding, and memory. Proust’s counter to Rousseau is indebted to the original musical sense of “counter” that sings as an accompaniment to a melody and that works as both engagement and response.
Proust’s Intermittent Seriality, or What Is a Literary Event?
Authors: Bray Patrick 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Proust’s monumental novel has often been described as the last great French novel of the nineteenth century, the heir to Balzac’s and Zola’s massive novel series. The fact that Proust’s novel inherits many technical aspects from these writers but marks a departure from them has been interpreted as the shift to French modernism or as the turning point between the novel of the nineteenth century and that of the twentieth century. Proust’s novel’s intermittences, in style, structure, and theme, create their own patterns, and so the seriality of In Search of Lost Time may, in the end, have nothing to do with what came before it or what comes after it, but in how its internal ruptures and repetitions require us to read it again and again—this book that is never the same, lacking in internal coherence, this book that reflects time passing with each successive reading.
Swann’s Medical Philosophy
Authors: Moran Richard 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
At one point in the midst of his agonies of obsessive jealousy over Odette, Swann is described as coming to a realization about his love and his suffering that is both philosophical and therapeutic, and which will be part of his equipment for living ever afterward. The description of romantic love as a “malady” is perhaps as old as Western literature itself, but it has several layers of significance in the novel. Swann’s attainment of a medical perspective on his love and jealousy reframes it as a disease whose reality concerns him alone, has its origin only in himself, and not as a form of relatedness to something or someone outside of himself. This medical philosophy holds much in common with the philosophical pessimism popular in Proust’s day, a philosophy which held that emotional disturbances like jealousy should be viewed as an internal disease that would eventually run its course.
Isolating the Normative Power
Authors: Liberto Hallie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Chapter 2 begins by employing the mechanistic approach described in Chapter 1. First, it distinguishes between three kinds of moral powers that are all sometimes called “permissive consent.” The scope of the discussion is limited to just one of these—the moral power through which an individual can revoke permission throughout the period that spans the scope of their consent. The chapter calls this authority-retaining permissive consent. It goes on to distinguish between three different types of moral grounding for the authority that gives rise to consent-sensitive duties. It again narrows the subject of investigation to that authority grounded in domains of entitlement—domains wherein the relationship between an individual and the features of the domain give rise to the individual’s entitlement. The chapter calls this moral power authority-retaining permissive consent. I present a very limited theory of rights to employ throughout the book: domain rights.
The Question of Dynamics
Authors: Liberto Hallie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Chapter 3 describes the existing answer to the question: what happens at the metaphysical level to a moral right when we exercise the moral power of mere permissive consent? The chapter calls this the question of dynamics. The widespread answer in the literature is: we consent by waiving our rights. The chapter explains why this answer is descriptively inaccurate or misleading and has led to some conceptual problems that have plagued the philosophy of consent. It argues that these inaccuracies are responsible for a problem that Susan Brison and other feminists have identified, wherein philosophers tend to describe rape as “sex-minus-consent.” The chapter offers an alternative answer to the question of dynamics that is both descriptively accurate and avoids the theoretical concerns of the feminists. It also describes the varieties of authority to which one might be entitled over the behavior of another person in one’s own domain.
Invasive Wrongdoing
Authors: Liberto Hallie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Chapter 4 characterizes the two central wrongings involved in the violations of domain rights. One wronging is called the “Divergence Strike,” and is characterized by a deprivation suffered by the domain right-holder—a deprivation consisting in the setbacks to her interests that are attributable to the divergence between the violator’s behavior in her domain and the scope of the right-holder’s consent regarding the violator’s behavior. It discusses the various metrics by which we can measure the divergence and argues that the extent of the violation and its severity hinges on these measurements. The second, central wronging is called the “Standing Strike” because it is characterized by the way a rights violation creates a mismatch between a right-holder’s actual, moral standing and her effective moral standing. In describing this mismatch, the chapter appeals to the varieties of effective authority described in Chapter 3.
How Consent is Rendered
Authors: Liberto Hallie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Chapter 5 asks: what human behavior counts as permissive consent? How can an individual block another person’s behavior from constituting a Divergence Strike and a Standing Strike, the wrongings described in Chapter 4? The chapter proposes two methods of rendering consent. A domain right-holder can render consent through a process called Effective Signaling. This requires a right-holder to launch a signal that they believe enables the other person to enter or act within the domain respectfully. Next, the chapter describes a rendering process called “procurement.” This requires a right-holder to steer another into their own domain—not by affecting the other’s practical deliberations, but through physical force or manipulation that bypasses the other’s rational deliberation. Neither consent-rendering process requires a domain right-holder to engage in successful communication. However, neither consent-rendering process happens entirely in the private mind of the consenter—as some theorists hold.