bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spiramycin antibiotic produced by Streptomyces pulveraceus, Am 52: Fermentation, Purification and biological activities
Authors: Abdel-Haliem Mahmoud E F , Amin Rashid , El-Sayed El-Sayed , Abosaty Amira Ibrahim , Aziz Athar 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We are presenting here the synthesis of specific bioactive substances that have demonstrated inhibitory effects against pathogenic microorganisms from actinomycetes strains. Ninety-two Streptomyces strains were isolated from soil sample collected from Sharkia province, Egypt. All these isolates were screened for their antimicrobial activity against Gram positive and negative bacteria. Among these 92 Streptomyces samples, the broad-spectrum strain Streptomyces sp. Am 52 was isolated from soil cultivated with wheat in Abo-Hamad and selected for compound characterization and purification. The nucleotide sequence of the 16s RNA gene (1.5 Kb) of the most potent strain evidenced 98% similarity with Streptomyces pulveraceus. From the taxonomic features, the actinomycetes isolate Am 52 matches with Streptomyces pulveraceus in the morphological, physiological and biochemical characters. Thus, it was given the suggested name Streptomyces pulveraceus, (Am 52). The active metabolite was extracted using ethyl acetate (1:1, v/v) at pH 7.0. The separation of the active ingredient and its purification was performed using both thin layer chromatography (TLC) and column chromatography (CC) techniques. The physicochemical characteristics of the purified antibacterial substance have been investigated. The study indicates a suggested empirical formula of C43H74N2O14. The minimum inhibition concentrations "MICs" of the purified antimicrobial agent were also determined. The purified antimicrobial agent was suggestive of being belonging to 16-membered Macrolide group (Spiramycin antibiotic) produced by Streptomyces pulveraceus, Am 52.
Effect of gravity on particle clustering and collisions in decaying turbulence.
Authors: Nair Vishnu , Devenish Benjamin , Reeuwijk Maarten van 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The preferential concentration of sedimenting particles in decaying homogeneous isotropic turbulence is investigated using radial distribution functions (RDF). Direct numerical simulations of polydisperse distributions of non-sedimenting and sedimenting particles of radii 10 micro metre to 55 micro metre are performed. We see a power law behaviour for the RDF in decaying turbulence and the power-law relation derived by Chun et al 2005 for the RDF of non-sedimenting particles holds for sedimenting particles as well. Empirical formulas are generated for the power-law coefficients which are shown to be functions of the Stokes number and the Taylor Reynolds number for sedimenting particles. An in-depth analysis of the turbulent kinematic collision kernel for both non-sedimenting and sedimenting collision kernels confirms that gravity enhances the collision kernel for unequal sized particles and decreases for same-sized particles. Models are created for both monodisperse and bidisperse RDFs which are combined with existing models for the relative velocities of colliding particles to predict kinematic collision kernels for both non-sedimenting and sedimenting particles. The effect on the collision kernel due to turbulence is also explored and enhancement of factors of up to three is observed with respect to the gravitational collision kernel.
A highly sensitive multiplex lateral flow immunoassay for simultaneous detection of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Typhimurium and Escherichia coli O157:H7
Authors: Zhao Dianbo , Liu Jialei , Du Juan , Liu Kai , Bai Yanhong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study, a sensitive, fast and reliable multiplex lateral flow immunoassay based on multiple PCR and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was developed. Genomic DNA of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Typhimurium and Escherichia coli O157:H7 was extracted by a simple boiling method. Three pairs of primers were designed and labeled according to specific gene fragment of the three strains for multiple PCR. The PCR products were then conjugated with AuNPs and detected by multiplex lateral flow strip, on which the test lines loaded with anti-biotin antibody, anti-FITC antibody and anti-digoxin antibody corresponding to the labels of primers, respectively. Results showed the limit of detection of L. monocytogenes, S. Typhimurium and E. coli O157:H7 in pure culture were 1.0×101 CFU mL− 1, 1.0×102 CFU mL− 1 and 1.6×102 CFU mL− 1, respectively, without culture enrichment. In addition, the lateral flow immunoassay showed good specificity, no reaction to each other or no cross-reactivity with other tested foodborne bacteria were observed. The detection took less than 4 h including PCR amplification, AuNPs conjugation and strip detection. Furthermore, the developed method was applied for the detection of food samples (chicken breast), which was verified by plate count method. The recoveries ranged from 92.7–112.1%, with the coefficient of variation less than 8.73%, revealing the feasible and reliable application of this method in practical sample. Therefore, the developed multiplex lateral flow strip is sensitive, accurate and visualized, which is applicable to simultaneous detection of the three foodborne pathogenic bacteria in food sample.
How Is Caring for Grandchildren Associated with Grandparents’ Health: The Mediating Effect of Internet Use
Authors: Zhang Li , Gu Rongxing , Li An , Wang Jie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground:Prior studies showed mixed results of the association between grandchild care and grandparents’ health. This research focused on the mechanisms behind the above link by studying how internet use served as a mediator through which grandchild care impacted grandparents' health. The study aimed to draw health implications to improve health of grandparents who offer intergenerational care.Methods:Using a sample of 16,829 grandparents aged 50 through 80 from the 2018 wave of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), the study relied on the KHB method to conduct the analysis. Grandparental health were measured by self-rated health, IADL, life satisfaction and depression.Results:Overall, grandchild care had a positive effect on grandparental health. Those who engaged in grandchild care were more likely to use internet. Internet use mediated the ways in which grandchild care impacted grandparents' health. It generally promoted the positive influence of intergenerational caregiving on grandparental health. The mediating effects of watching videos and chatting through internet were most pronounced among urban grandmothers. The mediating effects of watching news were most noticeable among both urban grandmothers and grandfathers.Conclusions:These findings implied that promoting internet usage may be an effective way reducing the negative impact of intergenerational caregiving on grandparents' depression. It could also increase the positive effect of caregiving on grandparents' SRH and functional independence. The study also underscored the importance of taking rural-urban context and gender role into consideration when studying intergenerational caregiving and Chinese grandparents' health.
Individual Cognitive Remediation Therapy and Individual Emotion Skills Training for anorexia nervosa: a case series study in a paediatric ward
Authors: Marin Dario , Cogo Paola , Zanetti Rossella , Tedde Federica , Giombini Lucia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is a life-threatening eating disorder (ED), with the highest incidence in young people (YP) aged 15-19 years. The COVID-19 pandemic impacted on the increase of AN cases requiring hospitalisation.
Cognitive Remediation Therapy (CRT) and Cognitive Remediation and Emotion Skills Training (CREST) are brief interventions aimed at enhancing cognitive and emotion processing skills. They are feasible for adult and YP with AN in inpatient settings, but their use has not been yet explored in paediatric wards.
Methods: A case series study with uncontrolled repeated measures design was conducted in a paediatric ward. Eight participants received two individual one-hour long CRT and then CREST sessions a week for ten weeks. A repeated measures design, consisting of neuropsychological tests and psychometric self-report questionnaires, was conducted at three time-points.
Results: Significant differences (T0 vs T1) were found in cognitive flexibility [“Animal Sorting” t(7)=-3.208; p=0.015; “Response Set” (t(7)=-3.910; p=0.006);“Learning to learn” (t(7)=-4.259; p=0.004)]; in central coherence [“Central Coherence Index” t(7)=-2.401; p=0.047]; in executive functions [“Design” (t(7)=-3.208; p=0.015), “Semantic” (t(7)=-3.660; p=0.008), “Phonological fluency” (t(7)=-4.020; p=0.005), short-term verbal memory (t(5)=-11.00; p=<0.001) and decision making task [(HDT) t(7)=-3.826; p=0.006]. Regarding the emotion processing, significant differences were found in emotion recognition [“Theory of mind t(7)=-2.376; p=0.049] ,and self-awareness [“Noticing” t(7)=-2.220;p=0.062, and “Emotional awareness” t(7)=-2.391; p=0.048].These improvements were maintained at six-month follow-up.
Conclusions: Individual CRT in conjunction with individual CREST is a feasible intervention for YP with AN in a paediatric ward. Studies involving larger samples and control groups in paediatric wards are warranted.
Temperature and precipitation biases in CORDEX RCM simulations over South America: possible origin and impacts on the regional climate change signal
Authors: Blázquez Josefina , Solman Silvina A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Precipitation and temperature biases from a set of Regional Climate Models from the CORDEX initiative have been analyzed with the aim of assessing the extent to which the biases may impact on the climate change signal. The analysis has been performed for the South American CORDEX domain. A large warm bias was found over central Argentina (CARG) for most of the models, mainly in the summer season. Results indicate that the possible origin of this bias is an overestimation of the incoming shortwave radiation, in agreement with an underestimation of the relative humidity at 850 hPa, variable that could be used to diagnose cloudiness. Regarding precipitation, the largest biases were found during summertime over north east of Brazil (NEB), where most of the models overestimate the precipitation, leading to wet biases over that region. This bias agrees with models’ underestimation of both the moisture flux convergence and the relative humidity at lower levels of the atmosphere. This outcome suggests that the generation of more clouds in the models may drive the wet bias over NEB. The climate change signal could be affected by these systematic errors, considering that these biases may not be stationary. For both CARG and NEB regions, models with higher warm biases project higher warming levels, mainly in the summer season. In addition, it was found that these relationships are statistically significant with a confidence level of 95%, pointing out that biases are linearly linked with the climate change signal. For precipitation, the relationship between the biases and the projected precipitation changes are only statistically significant for the NEB region, where models with larger wet biases present the highest positive precipitation changes during the warm season. As in the case of biases, the analysis of the temperature and precipitation projections over some regions of South America suggests that they could be affected by clouds. The results found in this study point out that the analysis of the bias behavior could help in a better interpretation of the climate change signal.
To what extent does ENSO rectify the tropical Pacific mean state?
Authors: Xue Manrui , Li Tim 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The role of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in modulating the mean sea surface temperature (SST) in the tropical eastern Pacific is investigated. A strategy is developed to separate the observational record from 1958 to 2010 into two groups, ENSO and non-ENSO periods. A simple analytical framework is constructed to quantitatively delineate the contributions of oceanic dynamic heating (ODH) and surface heat fluxes to rectifying the mean SST. It is found that the differences in the mean SST between the two periods are minor, despite distinctive interannual SST variabilities. Both linear and nonlinear ODH, as well as surface heat fluxes, contribute to this slight mean SST difference. Idealized oceanic model experiments in the presence and absence of ENSO are conducted. The result confirms that ENSO moderately impacts the mean SST in the equatorial eastern Pacific. Although the amplitude of the linear ODH associated with ENSO is large, its impact on the long-term mean SST is small due to the offset during El Niño and La Niña phases. The nonlinear ODH, on the other hand, has the same sign during the warm and cold episodes. However, its accumulated effect on the mean SST is small due to its weak amplitude.
Quantitative muscle MRI displays clinically relevant myostructural abnormalities in long-term ICU-survivors - a case-control study
Authors: Rehmann Robert , Enax-Krumova Elena , Meyer-Friessem Christine , Schlaffke Lara 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Long-term data on ICU-survivors reveal persisting sequalae and a reduced quality-of-life even after years. Major complaints are neuromuscular dysfunction due to ICUAW (Intensive care unit acquired weakness). Quantitative MRI (qMRI) protocols can quantify muscle alterations superiorly to standard MRI-protocols.
Methods: Using qMRI, the aim of this study was to analyse persisting myostructural abnormalities in former ICU patients compared to controls and relate them to clinical assessments. The study was conducted as a Cohort/Case-control study. Nine former ICU-patients and matched controls were recruited (7 males; 54.8y±16.9; controls: 54.3y±11.1). MRI scans were performed on a 3T-MRI including a mDTI, T2 mapping and mDixonquant sequence. T2 mapping times, fat-fraction and mean values of the eigenvalue (λ1), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) were obtained for six thigh and seven calf muscles bilaterally. Clinical assessment included strength testing, electrophysiologic studies and a questionnaire on quality-of-life (QoL).
Study groups were compared using a multivariate general linear model. qMRI parameters were correlated to clinical assessments and QoL questionnaire using Pearson´s correlation.
Results: qMRI parameters were significantly higher in the patients for fat-fraction (p<0.001), water T2 time (p<0.001), FA (p=0.047), MD (p<0.001) and RD (p<0.001). Thighs and calves showed a different pattern where T2-time was significantly higher only in calves. Correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation of muscle strength (MRC sum score) with FA and T2-time. The results were related to impairment seen in QoL-questionnaires, clinical testing and electrophysiologic studies.
Conclusion: qMRI parameters show chronic next to active muscle degeneration in ICU survivors even years after ICU therapy with ongoing clinical relevance. Therefore, qMRI opens new doors to characterize and monitor muscle changes of patients with ICUAW. Further, better understanding on the underlying mechanisms of the persisting complaints could contribute the development of personalized rehabilitation programs.
Photosynthetic complex: exciton transfer and electron-hole separation
Authors: Pudlák Michal , Pinčák Richard 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The exciton transfer in light-harvesting complex with the following
electron-hole separation in the photosynthetic reaction center dimer
is investigated theoretically. The asymmetry in the ring structure
of the LH1 antenna complex is assumed. The impact of this asymmetry
on the exciton transfer is studying. The quantum yields of the
electron-hole separation and the exciton deactivation into the
ground state have been computed. It was shown that the asymmetry
does not affect these quantum yields if the coupling between antenna
ring molecules is strong enough. Exciton kinetics are different when
the asymmetry is present, but the electron-hole separation
efficiency is similar to the symmetric case.It was also showing that
the creation of the dimer in the reaction center is advantageous to
the case of the monomeric reaction center.
Numerical computation of electrical potential on a gas evolving electrode.
Authors: COLIN Annie , Abdelghani-Idrissi Soufiane 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Electrochemical systems using a gas evolving electrode, such as metal-air batteries or electrolyzers, are confronted with recurrent problems related to gas production. Indeed, the production of gas at the surface of the electrodes causes a masking of the active surface which induces overvoltages and unstable electrical signals in time. We propose here numerical computations that take into account the spatial heterogeneity of the electrode and allow to account for the size distribution of the produced bubbles. We compare these computations to experiments on a Platinum-Carbon plate cell in the presence or absence of electrolyte flow. They reproduce the observed behavior and allow us to predict the stability of the signals. They are also a guide for the synthesis of efficient electrodes.
Air traffic control forgetting prediction based on eye movement information and hybrid neural network
Authors: Jin Huibin , Gao Weipeng , Li Kun , Chu Mingjian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Control forgetting accounts for most of the current unsafe incidents. In the research field of radar surveillance control, how to avoid control forgetting to ensure the safety of flights is becoming a hot issue which attracts more and more attention. Meanwhile, aviation safety is substantially influenced by the way of eye movement. The exact relation of control forgetting to eye movement, however, still remains puzzling. Motivated by this, a control forgetting prediction method is proposed based on Convolutional Neural Networks and Long-Short Term Memory (CNN-LSTM). In this model, the eye movement characteristics are classified in terms of whether they are time-related, and then regulatory forgetting can be predicted by virtue of CNN-LSTM. The effectiveness of the method is verified by carrying out simulation experiments of eye movement during flight control. Results show that this method, using eye movement data, can provide control forgetting prediction with remarkably high accuracy. This work tries to explore an innovative way to associate control forgetting with eye movement, so as to guarantee the safety of civil aviation.
Pharmacogenetics of lethal opioid overdose:
Study protocol and preliminary findings
Authors: Mueller Daniel , Magarbeh Leen , Gorbovskaya Ilona , Wells Richard , Jhirad Reuven , Foll Bernard Le 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
There has been a worldwide substantial increase in accidental lethal opioid-overdose (ALOO). In this project, we will examine the role of genetic variation in opioid metabolism, transport, or opioid receptors, in contributing to opioid-related overdose deaths by 1) comparing the frequency of those variants to a corresponding reference population and exploring sex differences; 2) investigating the association between the metabolizer type (i.e., CYP2D6 poor metabolizers) and plasma concentrations; and 3) generating a series of polygenic risk scores (PRS) for predicting ALOO by using summary statistics from several large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of phenotypes relevant to opioid use disorder. This sample is currently being collected; however, we have analyzed the frequency of CYP2B6*4, CYP2B6*9 and OPRM1 A118G variants in methadone-only fatalities (n = 41). Findings showed a higher frequency of impaired CYP2B6 metabolism in males compared to females (p = 0.009, chi sq = 9.455), which suggests a potential genetic risk factor for lethal overdose in males.
Ileal neuroendocrine tumors detected during screening or diagnostic colonoscopy – case series and comparison of tumor characteristics.
Authors: Narayani Raj , Narayani Kaden 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors are the most common type of small bowel malignancy observed. Ileal tumors are often found in patients undergoing ileal intubation during colonoscopy. Our aim was to compare ileal neuroendocrine tumor characteristics when discovered during screening versus diagnostic colonoscopy.
Methods: We reviewed all ileal neuroendocrine tumor cases from 2005-2021. We recorded patient age, gender, colonoscopy indication at diagnosis, timing of prior colonoscopy (if ever performed) and whether ileal intubation was performed, tumor size and stage after resection, and disease-free survival.
Results: Twenty-eight ileal neuroendocrine tumor cases were diagnosed at colonoscopy. Fifteen patients were having initial screening or surveillance. The remaining 13 were having diagnostic evaluation of symptoms, abnormal CT imaging, or abnormal stool test results. A prior colonoscopy was performed within the preceding 10-year period in 14 cases, and of these, 8 did not include terminal ileum intubation. Tumor size ranged from 0.5 to 3.7 cm and mean size was nearly identical in screening and diagnostic groups (1.7 vs 1.9 cm). Lymph nodes were involved in 25 of 28 patients. At diagnosis, 2 patients had distant metastases. Mean survival-to-date was similar for both groups as well (85 vs 88 months).
Conclusion: Nearly all ileal neuroendocrine tumors discovered during colonoscopy were associated with nodal metastasis at the time of diagnosis. Most, however, have enjoyed prolonged survival. No significant difference in tumor size, stage, or survival was observed between patients having screening versus diagnostic colonoscopy. Our findings support performing routine ileal intubation during colonoscopy for all indications.
Synchronising the Implementation of Simultaneous General Elections with the National Development Planning 2025 – 2045
Authors: Dirkareshza Rianda 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Simultaneous general elections have a lousy tendency by several people but do not see a large future impact on national development planning in 2025–2045. The purpose of this article is to present a new perspective on viewing simultaneous general elections by linking national development planning as a future impact on public welfare. This research is qualitative by using a statute approach in comparing laws and regulations that change in each period of simultaneous general elections and synchronising laws and regulations with national development planning. The conceptual approach is the basis for the author to conceptualise the synchronisation of simultaneous general elections to national development planning in the RPJPN 2025–2045. The research results from this article show three outlines: First, the impact of simultaneous general elections results in harmony in the implementation of national development planning. Second, synchronising simultaneous general elections to national development planning eliminates the disparities between regions that occur in Indonesia. Third, the synchronisation results, as discussed, will produce a gradual welfare state in 2025–2045.