bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Religiosity and US adolescents’ well‐being: The moderating role of trait reactance
Authors: Russell Cristel Antonia , Alderman Jillian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA large body of evidence has connected religiosity and spirituality to well‐being, especially during the crucial adolescent years. This study examines whether trait reactance, a personality predisposition to resist external influences and threats to one's freedom, moderates the links between religiosity/spirituality, self‐esteem, and well‐being over the course of adolescence. We test these interactive effects with survey data from a nationally representative sample of children aged 13–17 (N = 419). Our results indicate that religiosity/spirituality is generally related to higher levels of self‐esteem and that self‐esteem positively relates to happiness. However, the relationship between religiosity/spirituality and self‐esteem changes as a function of both age and trait reactance. Among young adolescents (14 years of age), lower reactance and lower religiosity/spirituality are associated with lower self‐esteem, and among older adolescents (17 years of age), higher reactance and higher religiosity/spirituality are associated with the highest levels of self‐esteem.
Evaluating the coverage and quality of nutrition programs via a bottom‐up approach: A secondary analysis of real‐time data from an end‐user monitoring system in Ethiopia
Authors: Donzé Anne‐Sophie , Tefera Abiy , Baye Kaleab , Arnaud Stéphane , Chitekwe Stanley , Laillou Arnaud 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOver the last two decades, great efforts and investments have been made in Ethiopia to ensure that all children have equal access to nutrition services in health facilities. While quality health systems are a prerequisite for quality nutrition services, little attention has been given to the evaluation of the supply and delivery services. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the coverage and quality of the nutrition‐specific interventions delivered through the health system. Using an end‐user monitoring (EUM) system, we monitored the delivery of nutrition‐specific interventions in 500 districts, having 2514 health facilities distributed throughout Ethiopia. Data were collected through third‐party monitors between August 2020 and 2021. Roughly 90% of health facilities were performing severe acute malnutrition management in line with the national guideline/protocol, and 2/3 of the assessed facilities were delivering iron and folic acid, vitamin A supplementation and deworming. A third of the messages on AMIYCN were retained by beneficiaries. Warehouse conditions were good in 64.3% of the facilities, but only 22% had good recording practices and about half had problems related to the quality and availability of nutrition supplies. Most beneficiaries were satisfied with the nutrition supplies and service delivered at the health facility level. This study also suggests the relevance of an EUM system to assess the quality of nutrition service delivery and its related supply management, as well as to improve the implementation of nutrition interventions as a decision‐making tool.
Objective analysis of the effectiveness of facial massage using breakthrough computed tomographic technology: A preliminary pilot study
Authors: Okuda Itsuko , Takeda Mizuho , Taira Masahiro , Kobayashi Toyoaki , Inomata Ken , Yoshioka Naoki 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundFacial massage is empirically known to be associated with morphological changes, such as improvements in facial sagging. However, quantified objective evaluations of massage‐induced changes have not been performed to date. This preliminary pilot study aimed to verify the effectiveness of facial massages by using breakthrough computed tomographic technology.Materials and methodsFive healthy adult volunteers (three women and two men; age, 29–37 years) were enrolled, and computed tomography (CT) examinations using a 320 detectors‐spiral CT system known as 320‐multidetector‐row CT (MDCT) were performed before and after facial massages. Each participant performed a self‐massage twice daily for 2 weeks. Massage‐induced changes in the cheeks and the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) were analyzed by two radiologists on a workstation with a high‐accuracy imaging analysis system.ResultsAfter facial massage, the malar top became thinner by −0.8% ± 0.45% and shifted cranially and horizontally over a distance of 3.9 ± 1.94 mm. The SMAS‐height, defined as the highest vertical distance of the SMAS, increased by 2.6% ± 2.6%. The change rate in cheek thickness and SMAS‐height showed a significant correlation (r = −0.63; P < 0.05). These changes were attributed to the lifting and tightening effects of facial massage.ConclusionWe conducted a detailed analysis of the effects of facial massages by using the breakthrough CT technology. Our results provide useful information for beauty treatments and could contribute to the collection of objective scientific evidence for facial massages.
Couette–Poiseuille Flow in Semi-Elliptic Channels
Authors: Lopes A. v. B. , Siqueira I. R. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We present a novel analytical solution for Couette flows of incompressible Newtonian fluids in channels with a semi-elliptical cross section. The flow is steady, unidirectional, satisfies the no-slip condition at the boundaries, and is driven by the movement of the planar wall at constant velocity. The theoretical approach consists of a mapping function to rewrite the problem in an elliptical coordinate system coupled with Fourier's method for the solution of a Laplace equation with Dirichlet-type boundary conditions in the new domain. We then use our new solution together with available results for Poiseuille flows in a similar geometry (Alassar and Abushoshah, 2012, “Hagen–Poiseuille Flow in Semi-Elliptic Microchannels,” ASME J. Fluids Eng. 134(12), p. 124502) to study the so-called Couette–Poiseuille flows, where both pressure-driven and boundary-driven mechanisms act simultaneously. We present a detailed analysis of the flow field in Couette, Poiseuille, and Couette–Poiseuille flows in semi-elliptical channels with cross sections of different aspect ratios. For the latter case, we also determine the critical values of the axial pressure gradient that (i) increase the maximum flow velocity above that of the moving wall and shift its position toward the center of the channel, (ii) mark the onset of flow reversal with the emergence of a backflow region below the static wall, and (iii) eventually lead to a zero net flow rate through the channel.
Supplemental Material: Evidence for benthic oxygen production in Neoarchean lacustrine stromatolites
Authors: Wilmeth Dylan T. , al. et 
Published: April 2022

<p>Supplementary discussion of geochemical and petrographic analyses, Table S1 (EMPA analyses of oxides in Hartbeesfontein stromatolites), and Table S2 (LA-ICP-MS analyses of oxides in Hartbeesfontein stromatolites). </p>
Healthy lifestyle and life expectancy with and without Alzheimer’s dementia: population based cohort study
Authors: Dhana Klodian , Franco Oscar H , Ritz Ethan M , Ford Christopher N , Desai Pankaja , Krueger Kristin R , Holland Thomas M , Dhana Anisa , Liu Xiaoran , Aggarwal Neelum T , Evans Denis A , Rajan Kumar B 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the impact of lifestyle factors on life expectancy lived with and without Alzheimer’s dementia.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingThe Chicago Health and Aging Project, a population based cohort study in the United States.Participants2449 men and women aged 65 years and older.Main exposureA healthy lifestyle score was developed based on five modifiable lifestyle factors: a diet for brain health (Mediterranean-DASH Diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay—MIND diet score in upper 40% of cohort distribution), late life cognitive activities (composite score in upper 40%), moderate or vigorous physical activity (≥150 min/week), no smoking, and light to moderate alcohol consumption (women 1-15 g/day; men 1-30 g/day).Main outcomeLife expectancy with and without Alzheimer’s dementia in women and men.ResultsWomen aged 65 with four or five healthy factors had a life expectancy of 24.2 years (95% confidence interval 22.8 to 25.5) and lived 3.1 years longer than women aged 65 with zero or one healthy factor (life expectancy 21.1 years, 19.5 to 22.4). Of the total life expectancy at age 65, women with four or five healthy factors spent 10.8% (2.6 years, 2.0 to 3.3) of their remaining years with Alzheimer’s dementia, whereas women with zero or one healthy factor spent 19.3% (4.1 years, 3.2 to 5.1) with the disease. Life expectancy for women aged 65 without Alzheimer’s dementia and four or five healthy factors was 21.5 years (20.0 to 22.7), and for those with zero or one healthy factor it was 17.0 years (15.5 to 18.3). Men aged 65 with four or five healthy factors had a total life expectancy of 23.1 years (21.4 to 25.6), which is 5.7 years longer than men aged 65 with zero or one healthy factor (life expectancy 17.4 years, 15.8 to 20.1). Of the total life expectancy at age 65, men with four or five healthy factors spent 6.1% (1.4 years, 0.3 to 2.0) of their remaining years with Alzheimer’s dementia, and those with zero or one healthy factor spent 12.0% (2.1 years, 0.2 to 3.0) with the disease. Life expectancy for men aged 65 without Alzheimer’s dementia and four or five healthy factors was 21.7 years (19.7 to 24.9), and for those with zero or one healthy factor life expectancy was 15.3 years (13.4 to 19.1).ConclusionA healthy lifestyle was associated with a longer life expectancy among men and women, and they lived a larger proportion of their remaining years without Alzheimer’s dementia. The life expectancy estimates might help health professionals, policy makers, and stakeholders to plan future healthcare services, costs, and needs.
Discrimination and calibration of a prediction model for mortality is decreased in secondary transferred patients: a validation in the TraumaRegister DGU
Authors: Halvachizadeh Sascha , Störmann P J , Özkurtul Orkun , Berk Till , Teuben Michel , Sprengel Kai , Pape Hans-Christoph , Lefering Rolf , Jensen Kai Oliver 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionThe Revised Injury Severity Classification II (RISC II) score represents a data-derived score that aims to predict mortality in severely injured patients. The aim of this study was to assess the discrimination and calibration of RISC II in secondary transferred polytrauma patients.MethodsThis study was performed on the multicentre database of the TraumaRegister DGU. Inclusion criteria included Injury Severity Score (ISS)≥9 points and complete demographic data. Exclusion criteria included patients with ‘do not resuscitate’ orders or late transfers (>24 hours after initial trauma). Patients were stratified based on way of admission into patients transferred to a European trauma centre after initial treatment in another hospital (group Tr) and primary admitted patients who were not transferred out (group P). The RISC II score was calculated within each group at admission after secondary transfer (group Tr) and at primary admission (group P) and compared with the observed mortality rate. The calibration and discrimination of prediction were analysed.ResultsGroup P included 116 112 (91%) patients and group Tr included 11 604 (9%) patients. The study population was predominantly male (n=86 280, 70.1%), had a mean age of 53.2 years and a mean ISS of 20.7 points. Patients in group Tr were marginally older (54 years vs 52 years) and a had slightly higher ISS (21.5 points vs 20.1 points). Median time from accident site to hospital admission was 60 min in group P and 241 min (4 hours) in group Tr. Observed and predicted mortality based on RISC II were nearly identical in group P (10.9% and 11.0%, respectively) but predicted mortality was worse (13.4%) than observed mortality (11.1%) in group Tr.ConclusionThe way of admission alters the calibration of prediction models for mortality in polytrauma patients. Mortality prediction in secondary transferred polytrauma patients should be calculated separately from primary admitted polytrauma patients.
Impact of regulatory safety notices on valproate prescribing and pregnancy outcome among women of child-bearing potential in Scotland: a population-based cohort study
Authors: McTaggart Stuart , MacColl Gavin , Gronkowski Karen , Wood Rachael , Leach John Paul , Bennie Marion 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo examine the impact of Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) safety alerts on valproate prescribing among women aged 14–45 years in Scotland and examine trends in pregnancies exposed to valproate.DesignPopulation-based cohort study.Participants21 983 women of all ages who received valproate between January 2011 and December 2019.MethodsAll valproate prescriptions issued to women in Scotland between January 2011 and December 2019 were identified and prevalence/incidence rates per 10 000 population derived. The impact of regulatory safety alerts on prescribing was analysed using Joinpoint models. Linked pregnancy records for January 2011 to September 2019 were identified and annual rates of pregnancy per 1000 valproate-treated women aged 14–45 years were calculated for each pregnancy outcome: live birth, stillbirth, miscarriage and termination.ResultsAnnual prevalent and incident rates of valproate prescribing declined in women aged 14–45 years between 2011 and 2019 from 40.5 to 18.3 per 10 000 population (54.8% reduction) and 7.9 to 1.3 per 10 000 population (83.5% reduction), respectively. Statistically significant changes occurred around the times of the MHRA safety alerts. The number of valproate-exposed pregnancies conceived each year fell from 70 in 2011 to 20 in 2018, a 71.4% reduction, and the number of live births fell from 52 to 14, a 73.0% reduction. Expressed as a rate this was a 46.4% decrease from 15.3 to 8.2 per 1000 valproate-treated women aged 14–45 years in 2011 and 2018, respectively. Live birth was the most common pregnancy outcome.ConclusionThis study demonstrates, for the first time, the capabilities of national data sets to identify drug exposure and derive pregnancy outcome at scale across Scotland. Building on this as part of an evolving national/UK surveillance capability will continue efforts to minimise in-utero exposure to valproate; enabling ongoing surveillance to understand better long-term outcomes, and to inform better provision of health and wider support services.
A Phase Ib/II Study of Sabizabulin, a Novel Oral Cytoskeleton Disruptor, in Men with Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer with Progression on an Androgen Receptor–targeting Agent
Authors: Markowski Mark C. , Tutrone Ronald , Pieczonka Christopher , Barnette K. Gary , Getzenberg Robert H. , Rodriguez Domingo , Steiner Mitchell S. , Saltzstein Daniel R. , Eisenberger Mario A. , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
Sabizabulin, an oral cytoskeleton disruptor, was tested in a phase Ib/II clinical study in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

Patients and Methods:
The phase Ib portion utilized a 3+3 design with escalating daily oral doses of 4.5–81 mg and increasing schedule in 39 patients with mCRPC treated with one or more androgen receptor–targeting agents. Prior taxane chemotherapy was allowed. The phase II portion tested a daily dose of 63 mg in 41 patients with no prior chemotherapy. Efficacy was assessed using PCWG3 and RECIST 1.1 criteria.

Results:
The MTD was not defined in the phase Ib and the recommended phase II dose was set at 63 mg/day. The most common adverse events (&gt;10% frequency) at the 63 mg oral daily dosing (combined phase Ib/II data) were predominantly grade 1–2 events. Grade ≥3 events included diarrhea (7.4%), fatigue (5.6%), and alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase elevations (5.6% and 3.7%, respectively). Neurotoxicity and neutropenia were not observed. Preliminary efficacy data in patients treated with ≥1 continuous cycle of 63 mg or higher included objective response rate in 6 of 29 (20.7%) patients with measurable disease (1 complete, 5 partial) and 14 of 48 (29.2%) patients had PSA declines. The Kaplan–Meier median radiographic progression-free survival was estimated to be 11.4 months (n = 55). Durable responses lasting &gt;2.75 years were observed.

Conclusions:
This clinical trial demonstrated that chronic oral daily dosing of sabizabulin has a favorable safety profile with preliminary antitumor activity. These data support the ongoing phase III VERACITY trial of sabizabulin in men with mCRPC.
Next-Generation CAR T-cell Therapies
Authors: Young Regina M. , Engel Nils W. , Uslu Ugur , Wellhausen Nils , June Carl H. 
Published: April 2022

Summary:CD19- and B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)–directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have enabled unprecedented responses in a subset of refractory patients with B-cell and plasma cell malignancies, leading to their approval by the FDA for the treatment of leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma. These “living drugs” can become part of a synthetic immune system, persisting at least a decade in some patients. However, despite this tremendous impact, significant unmet treatment needs remain for patients with hematologic malignancies and solid cancers. In this perspective, we highlight recent innovations that advance the field toward production of a more potent and universal cellular immunotherapy of the future. Next-generation CAR T cells will incorporate advances in gene engineering and synthetic biology to enhance functionality and persistence, and reduce treatment-associated toxicities. The combination of autologous CAR T cells with various allogeneic cell treatment strategies designed to target the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment will broaden the impact of future CAR T-cell therapies.
A Divisive Intellectualist Leader
Authors: Urciuoli Emiliano R. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Initially, the article concentrates on a major change in ancient Mediterranean religions that can be understood as an “intellectualization of religion.” Focusing on the text-based practices of early Christian religious specialists, it looks at this phenomenon as a facet of an urban religion rather than an inherent quality of early Christ religion. The article goes on to address heterarchy, i.e., the tendency toward a nonhierarchical arrangement of power, as a further element that characterizes city life as well as relations among cities. Not linearly ranked and topographically fractionated, the first urban Christ groups also constituted heterarchical formations shaped by the assorted types of power coalescing in urban environments. Zooming in on the imperial city of Carthage in the mid-3rd century, the article then analyzes the intersection of the two phenomena. It demonstrates the effects that the enforcement of a textually designed and conceptually sophisticated project of Church order produced on the Christ networks by arguing that, in urban contexts characterized by a host of powers, authority claims, and forms of capital, Cyprian’s intellectualized religion contributed to breaking apart existing coalescences of people united by religion.
Contested Hierarchies
Authors: Wagner Simone 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Early modern cities often harbored several different religious communities. To date, few studies of religion and history have focused on the ranking of religious communities in premodern cities with special regard to social order and the concept of heterarchy. This article focuses on a conflict of precedence between the monasteries of Kreuzlingen and Petershausen in the 17th and 18th centuries, relating especially to religious processions in the city of Constance. Efforts by courts to rank the monasteries displayed hierarchical as well as heterarchical elements. The spatial conditions of the processions made it necessary that monastic communities processed successively. This gave the impression of a clear hierarchical monastic order in the city and stimulated competition between the different communities. However, as this article argues, based on an analysis of lawsuits and related materials, in practice a clear ranking could not be achieved. Courts made contradictory decisions regarding the ranking. The monasteries derived their authority from different conflicting sources such as constitutional status, customary rights, institutional history, and religious lifestyle. Urbanity helped create the need for monasteries to compete with each other and at the same time contributed to a situation characterized by both hierarchy and heterarchy simultaneously.
To Whom to Pray?
Authors: Nicolas Andrea 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The article discusses Booranticha, a sacrificial ritual among Oromo and some Amhara for the well-being of the family, its herds, and possessions, which is performed once a year by husband and wife in many farming households of central Ethiopia. During the ritual, food offerings are made and a higher spiritual being, also called Booranticha, is addressed in prayer. Contestation through monotheism, particularly by the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, however, has led to some major linguistic and performative shifts concerning which divinity is being addressed in the offering, and how the ritual is performed. The article suggests that competition in religiously pluralist settings may constitute a major initializing and catalyzing factor for new exegetical propositions about the nature of the divine. Such conceptualization of contestation as a “trigger” for change invites a closer look at the relationship between religiously pluralist settings, the shaping of moral discourses and the evolvement of new hermeneutic interpretations in sacrificial performances.
Transformative Agreements at Cambridge University Press
Authors: Hill Mandy 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Like the majority of established publishers, Cambridge University Press (CUP) is in the middle of a major transformation, shifting from pay-to-read to pay-to-publish models; and it has embraced transformative agreements (TA s) as a key lever to support this journey. Importantly, they are seen as a key stepping stone, not a destination or the only route, to full open access (OA). Implementing TA s has required huge change internally and necessitated a new kind of collaboration with librarians. As a publisher with a strong emphasis on humanities and social sciences publishing, CUP sees TA s as providing a route to OA for all of its journals and as ensuring no subject area is disadvantaged by the transformation. The shift to OA does come with challenges; a key one is author equity and how to ensure that in eliminating the financial barriers to read content, no new barriers to publication are created.
At Home in Bookshops
Authors: Noël Sophie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Although protected by the law on fixed prices for books, independent bookshops in France have struggled to maintain their market share against bookselling giants such as Amazon and the chains. In trying to do so, they have developed a rhetoric based on the singularity of the experience in physical shops, stressing a sense of intimacy akin to that associated with the domestic sphere. Their being independent – no matter how slippery the notion – has also been a key argument. Using Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of symbolic goods, this paper aims to show that this strategy has been effective in singling out something that ‘only’ independent retail can provide, something that proves particularly attractive to certain categories of customers. The article draws on semi-structured interviews carried out with owners of small and medium-sized independent bookshops, together with observation during events and debates, to provide some insight into a key element of physical bookshops’ resilience.