bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epilogue
Authors: Jażdżewska Katarzyna 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Epilogue identifies some emergent trends and lines of development in post-Platonic dialogues and points to recurrent literary strategies which affiliate these texts with broader trends of Hellenistic literature and its aesthetics. It discusses a diversity of dialogic formats, their use for philosophical and non-philosophic purposes, multiplicity of settings used, and recurrent employment of anonymous interlocutors. This section also draws attention to two traits of the post-Platonic dialogue which are characteristic of Hellenistic literature in general, namely the inclination of dialogue to interact and blend with other genres, and the employment of a broad range of mimetic practices in the form of the adaptation and transformation of Platonic scenes, themes, and motifs (here the concepts of variatio or oppositio in imitando prove useful, as they allow for appreciation of the dynamics of closeness to and distance from Platonic subtexts).
Human Rights and the Common Law of the Contract of Employment
Authors: Collins Philippa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis chapter turns to the possibility that contractual methods could be deployed to protect the human rights of individuals at work. Rather than relying on the adaptation of statutory mechanisms, could the common law principles of the contract of employment perform a new role? One possibility is that the terms of the contract of employment could be read in a manner that respects and enforces the human rights of employees. This approach, however, is found to be far from universal from a study of the cases. The chapter therefore examines the prospect that the terms implied into the contract of employment could develop in a rights-protective direction. There are two routes by which this may happen: the expansion of the existing implied obligation of mutual trust and confidence and the implication of a new term targeted specifically to the protection of fundamental rights. Based on the cautious judicial approach that is evident in the area of implied terms, it will be argued that both possibilities are unlikely to occur in the near future.
How Romantics and Victorians Organized Information
Authors: Hess Jillian M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEvery literary household in nineteenth-century Britain had a commonplace book, scrapbook, or album. Coleridge called his collection “Fly-Catchers”, while George Eliot referred to one of her commonplace books as a “Quarry,” and Michael Faraday kept quotations in his “Philosophical Miscellany.” Nevertheless, the nineteenth-century commonplace book, along with associated traditions like the scrapbook and album, remain under-studied. This book tells the story of how technological and social changes altered methods for gathering, storing, and organizing information in nineteenth-century Britain. As the commonplace book moved out of the school and into the home, it took on elements of the album. At the same time, the explosion of print allowed readers to cheaply cut-and-paste extractions rather than copying out quotations by hand. Built on the evidence of over 300 manuscripts, this study unearths the composition practices of well-known writers such as Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Sir Walter Scott, George Eliot, and Alfred Lord Tennyson, and their less well-known contemporaries. Divided into two parts, the first half of the book contends that methods for organizing knowledge developed in line with the period’s dominant epistemic frameworks, while the second half argues that commonplace books helped Romantics and Victorians organize people. Chapters focus on prominent organizational methods in nineteenth-century commonplacing, often attached to an associated epistemic virtue: diaristic forms and the imagination (Chapter Two); “real time” entries signaling objectivity (Chapter Three); antiquarian remnants, serving as empirical evidence for historical arguments (Chapter Four); communally produced commonplace books that attest to socially constructed knowledge (Chapter Five); and blank spaces in commonplace books of mourning (Chapter Six).
Quantum Stochastic Thermodynamics
Authors: Strasberg Philipp 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Processes at the nanoscale happen far away from the thermodynamic limit, far from equilibrium and are dominated by fluctuations and, perhaps, even quantum effects. This book establishes a consistent thermodynamic framework for such processes by combining tools from non-equilibrium statistical mechanics and the theory of open quantum systems. The book is accessible for graduate students and of interest to all researchers striving for a deeper understanding of the laws of thermodynamics beyond their traditional realm of applicability. It puts most emphasis on the microscopic derivation and understanding of key principles and concepts as well as their interrelation. The topics covered in this book include (quantum) stochastic processes, (quantum) master equations, local detailed balance, classical stochastic thermodynamics, (quantum) fluctuation theorems, strong coupling and non non-Markovian effects, thermodynamic uncertainty relations, operational approaches, Maxwell's demon and time-reversal symmetry, among other topics. Furthermore, the book treats a few applications in detail to illustrate the general theory and its potential for practical applications. These are single-molecule pulling experiments, quantum transport and thermoelectric effects in quantum dots, the micromaser and related set-ups in quantum optics.
Real Analysis and Infinity
Authors: Sedaghat Hassan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Perfection is a fiction. In cooking we demand minute traces of herbs and spices to add flavour. All technologies are similar since only when we add impurities do the materials meet our needs. This is true for everything from making Stone Age tools to semiconductors, steel, glass optical fibres etc. In chemistry, impurities can speed up reactions (catalysis), in biology we call them enzymes. Without imperfections there would be neither evolution nor personal individuality. With understanding we have exploited imperfections to our advantage and enjoy technological benefits. When we fail to recognize our own faults, we revert to human failings of oppression, warfare, ill health and destruction of the planet. No previous science is required as the concepts are basically simple. Nevertheless, the book gives deep and useful insights into what is possible in technology. Recognizing and addressing human imperfections is far harder, but absolutely essential or we will destroy ourselves.
Kant's Will at the Crossroads
Authors: Timmermann Jens 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
What happens when human beings fail to do as reason bids? This book is an attempt to address this age-old question within Kant’s mature practical philosophy, i.e. the practical philosophy that emerged with the watershed discovery of autonomy in the mid-1780s. As always, Kant is good for a surprise. There is, it is argued, not one answer but two: he advocates Socratic intellectualism in the realm of prudence whilst defending an anti-intellectualist or volitional account of immoral action. This ‘hybrid’ theory of practical failure is more than a philosophical curiosity. There are ramifications for Kant’s theory of practical reason as a whole. In particular, the hybrid account emphasizes the divide between pure and empirical practical rationality to the extent that the latter, while containing practically relevant propositions, no longer counts as a branch of practical reason at all. Hypothetical and categorical imperatives exemplify two entirely distinct kinds of normativity. In fact, the dichotomy between pure and empirical determining grounds of the will goes hand in hand with many other dualisms and dichotomies that, whether we like them or not, continue to define Kant’s mature ethical thought.
Introduction
Authors: Timmermann Jens 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This chapter provides a first glimpse of the proposed ‘hybrid’ Kantian model of practical failure. It represents a combination of Socratic intellectualism and a more Aristotelian account of akrasia in the two spheres of Kantian agency, prudence and morals. The second Critique’s famous ‘gallows example’ is used to exemplify the hybrid theory. Moreover, the two sources of what Kant calls ‘practical interest’—the moral law and the agent’s own happiness—are sharply distinguished.
Instrumental Imperatives
Authors: Timmermann Jens 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The fourth chapter examines the nature of instrumental imperatives in Kant. Instrumental rationality arises when sensibility devolves practical authority to reason; it has no dignity in its own right. There is, accordingly, no single principle of practical reason called ‘the’ hypothetical imperative, just a plurality of individual instrumental principles whose authority depends on the end one intends to pursue. ‘True’ means–ends irrationality is impossible. The distinction between analytic and synthetic practical principles is discussed, as are the limitations of instrumental rationality. Strictly speaking, instrumental imperatives are practical propositions, but they do not count as an expression of practical reason; and, if so, instrumental rationality cannot be used, against the sceptic, as a stepping stone to full or moral agency. Moreover, it is shown that, appearances notwithstanding, instrumental reason has a role to play not only as the ‘servant of inclination’ but also as a servant of morality.
Trading goods, trading words
Authors: Coulmas Florian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTrade is one of the principal engines connecting the peoples of the world, if not the most momentous one. It involves the dissemination of goods along with knowledge, ideas, values and norms, overcoming various difficulties and obstacles in the process, of which the language barrier is not the least taxing. Merchants are keenly aware of the linguistic diversity of the world and have since old developed strategies for not letting it interfere with business, strategies they adjust to exigencies. This chapter examines three historical models of how commerce impacts language, trade on the Silk Roads, the creation of the Mediterranean Lingua Franca, and the linguistic effects of the Dutch East India Company’s globe-spanning transactions.
General Conclusions
Authors: Jenart Cedric 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The final chapter draws together and reiterates the research findings of the book. The overarching insight framing the conclusion and arising from this monograph as a whole is ‘convergence from divergence’. Despite a wide variety of ways to outsource rulemaking powers and to legally frame such possibilities (divergence), there is a remarkable impetus towards similar techniques, limits, and safeguards (convergence). This chapter illustrates how seeming divergences ultimately converge by comparing for the countries researched the results in the light of the status of their constitutions, their institutional systems of democratic governance, and their approach to international law. Ultimately, the chapter recommends that lawmakers and courts in all of the countries researched treat autonomous public, private, and hybrid actors as a constitutional category. Moreover, nation-states should consider adopting a constitutional or statutory provision which actualizes the findings presented here in relation to both research hypotheses. Finally, the author suggests a good practice approach based on pairing each technique of outsourcing (delegation, referral, and reception) with the appropriate motive for outsourcing (independence, expertise, and stakeholder input).
Sailing the Ocean of Complexity
Authors: Succi Sauro 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This books explores the enchanting role played by free energy in unveiling the complexity which inhabits the interface between physics and biology. In particular, it illustrates the guiding power of modern incarnations of free energy in steering the navigation of biological systems across an otherwise unsailable ocean of combinatorial complexity, with specific reference to two fundamental biological processesL DNA translocation and protein folding. The book develops unfolds through four major parts. Part I provides an account of the general organizing principles of complex systems, with specific focus on the physics-biology interface. Part II discusses the science of change, Thermodynamics, first in its historical developments, then its modern developments into the biological and also cosmological framework. Part III deals with the wondrous scenarios opened up by free-energy as it meets with the modern tools of statistical physics, ultradimensional landscapes, order parameters and rugged landscapes Finally, Part IV discusses the deep connections between Time and Complexity, in particular the idea that Time can possibly be experienced only by systems beyond a given threshold of complexity. We conclude with some considerations on the awareness of the finiteness of time and its impact on the complexity of the human condition.
Implicit Learning
Authors: Reber Arthur S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This chapter presents a broad-based overview of the history of implicit learning and related functions. It focuses on the work of Arthur S. Reber, who carried out the first experiments in the middle 1960s (hence the subtitle of the volume) examining the process by which knowledge of a complexly structured domain, in this case an artificial grammar, comes to be acquired without awareness of either the process or the products of learning. In addition, it outlines how these studies slowly became highly cited ones and how they link up with a variety of other domains in the social sciences. Importantly, it delves into how the study of the cognitive unconscious fits within classic models of evolutionary biology and blends easily with the cellular basis of consciousness, a recently proposed theory by Reber that ties together implicit functions with the origins of minds, arguing that feelings, awareness, and sentience are an inherent feature of all life.
From the Cognitive to the Collective
Authors: Brauner Elisabeth 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The idea of a collective unconscious has fascinated psychology, philosophy, and science fiction for a long time. However, closer examination reveals conceptual problems. How can we theoretically define and practically operationalize a process that simultaneously affects social entities yet remains inaccessible to the consciousness whether at the individual or at the collective level? Ideas originating in cognitive and social psychology, group research, and organizational theory help us develop a conceptualization of a collective consciousness, as well as a collective unconscious, that will allow empirical examinations of these phenomena. Using the construct of transactive memory systems from group research as well as various types of knowledge as defined by cognitive psychology, the chapter proposes that organizational functioning is an implicit activity of all combined organizational processes lacking cognitive awareness by individual actors. Collective practice, implicit organizational learning, and implicit metaknowledge are key to an understanding of a collective or organizational unconscious.
Perspectives on the Cognitive Unconscious
Authors: Damasio Antonio 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Small and simple organisms such as bacteria, behave more or less intelligently from the standpoint of their survival. The actions they adopt have “different values” or “valences” depending on how successful they are relative to maintaining life. And yet, “valenced” actions do not need to be “conscious” actions. Nothing whatsoever suggests that the problems those organisms face, the actions they take, or their results, can be represented inside their organisms let alone experienced in some form of mental state. Valences do not need to be experienced to produce their results. Covert, nonconscious intelligences are part of an early stage in the evolution of living organisms and do not require nervous systems to operate. At a later stage, when nervous systems are present, valenced options for actions can be experienced as homeostatic feelings, thus introducing an evolutionary novelty: conscious life regulation, based on subjective knowledge concerning the life state.
Sowing the Sacred
Authors: Barba Lloyd Daniel 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Sowing the Sacred traces the development of Mexican Pentecostalism in the context of migrant labor in California’s industrial agriculture from the 1920s to the 1960s. During this time period, many believed Pentecostalism to be a distasteful new sect rife with cultish and fanatical tendencies; U.S. growers thought that Mexicans were not fit to be citizens and were a mere workforce; and industrial agriculture was celebrated for feeding American families, but its exploitation of workers was largely ignored. Contrary to the image of farmworkers as culturally vacuous, lacking creative genius, and mere bodies of labor in a vertiginous cycle of migrant labor in California’s industrial agricultural system, this book argues that Pentecostal farmworkers from La Asamblea Apostólica de la Fe en Cristo Jesús carved out a robust socio-religious existence in these conditions and in doing so produced a vast record of cultural vibrancy. Sowing the Sacred queries what stories are portrayed about racialized Mexican workers and their religious life if we examine the photographs taken by the farmworkers themselves. The oral histories, photographs, and material from new archival collections tell an intimate story of sacred-space making in the form of mapping out churches, outdoors baptisms in grower-controlled waterways, building houses of worship in the fields, artistic creations of handmade goods and decor, and the role of historical memory in telling these stories.
The Heresy of Jacob Frank
Authors: Michaelson Jay 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Heresy of Jacob Frank: From Jewish Messianism to Esoteric Myth is the first monograph on the religious philosophy of Jacob Frank (1726–1791), who, in the wake of the false messiah Sabbetai Zevi, led the largest mass apostasy in Jewish history. Based on close readings of Frank’s late teachings, recorded in 1784 and 1790, The Heresy of Jacob Frank presents Frank as an original and prescient figure at the crossroads of tradition and modernity, reason and magic. Frank’s worldview combines an antinomian, skeptical rejection of religious law with a supernatural, Western Esotericist myth of immortal beings, magic, and worldly power. Frank’s goal was alchemical in nature, culminating in physical transformation, power, and immortality, and his messiah was a syncretic female figure known as the Maiden, whose characteristics draw on Kabbalah, magic, and the veneration of the Black Virgin of Częstochowa, where Frank was imprisoned for twelve years. Sexual ritual, apparently tightly limited and controlled by the sect, was not a libertine bacchanal but a transgressive enactment of the messianic reality, a corporealization of what would later become known as spirituality. While Frank was undoubtedly a manipulative, even abusive leader whose sect mostly disappeared from history, his ideology anticipated themes that would become predominant in the Haskalah, early Hasidism, and even contemporary “New Age” Judaism. And his unbelievable, winding journey from Sabbatean heretic to eighteenth-century charlatan- alchemist-spy is perhaps even more remarkable than the radical theology he preached.
Introduction
Authors: Michaelson Jay 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The introduction to The Heresy of Jacob Frank introduces the religious philosophy of Jacob Frank (1726–1791), a once-notorious messianic heretic who led the largest mass apostasy in Jewish history. While scholars have often dismissed Frank’s teachings as purely opportunistic, manipulative, or even sinister, in fact Frank was an original and prescient figure at the crossroads of tradition and modernity, reason and magic. He rejected religion on quasi-humanistic, rationalistic grounds, but in its place wove a bizarre myth of magical beings and the pursuit of immortality. The introduction next summarizes the eight chapters of the book. Chapter 1 is devoted to Frank’s actual life, and to the quite different character of “Jacob Frank” described in Frank’s teachings. Chapter 2 discusses Frankist antinomianism, that is, his principled rejection of religious law, and chapter 3 presents Frank’s materialist worldview and worldly conception of redemption. Chapter 4 discusses his occult quest for immortality, and chapter 5 discusses the role that sexual liberation and transgression played (and were rumored to play) in the Frankist sect, including veneration of the female messiah and the liberation of sensuality. The final three chapters situate Frank in the contexts of Jewish mysticism and messianism (chapter 6), Western Esotericism (chapter 7), and later movements of Jewish rationalism and spirituality which he anticipated (chapter 8). While Frank was undoubtedly a manipulative leader whose sect mostly disappeared from history, his ideology anticipated transformations in religion that would become predominant in the 20th and 21st centuries.
“I tell you everything and tell you nothing”
Authors: Michaelson Jay 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Chapter 1 introduces two Jacob Franks: one historical, one largely fictional. The first, born Yankiev Liebowicz in 1726, first dabbled in trade, then made his way to Salonica, the center of Sabbatean activity, where he quickly became a charismatic leader. Returning north, he became one of many heretical, charismatic preachers in 1750s Podolia, and eventually, the most notorious Jewish apostate of his day. Yet even after conversion, Frank’s sectarian activity continued, causing him to be imprisoned from 1759 to 1772. Following release, Frank lived as a faux-noble charlatan, active in Western esotericist networks, until he died in 1791. The second Jacob Frank is a character in hundreds of fantastic tales: both boor and prophet, trickster and “holy fool,” frustrated failure and world-historic figure. His autohagiography is more myth than history, questioning the boundaries of “high” and “low” religious discourse and satirizing religion itself.
“We don’t need the books of Kabbalah”
Authors: Michaelson Jay 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
To the extent he is known today, Jacob Frank is understood to be a false messiah preaching Kabbalah and Sabbateanism. Chapter 6 shows that, at least in the period of ZSP’s dictation, this is not the case. First, Frank does not declare himself the messiah, though he predicted imminent apocalypse. The Maiden is the messiah, not Frank, who seeks immortality and power. Second, Frank explicitly rejects Kabbalah and Sabbateanism, ridiculing them for their ineffectualness. Kabbalistic language or symbolism appears in fewer than fifty dicta out of over 2,500 in ZSP. And the view that Frankism is a continuation of Sabbateanism obscures more than it reveals. While Frankism begins from a Sabbatean framework, and returned to it after Frank’s death, it inverts the Sabbatean emphasis on faith and the unseen; for Frank, faith in the invisible is ridiculous, and the manifest is all he trusts.