bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary molybdenum cofactor promotes fitness by increasing Moco content and sulfite oxidase activity in the nematode C. elegans
Authors: Oliphant Kevin D. , Fettig Robin R. , Snoozy Jennifer , Mendel Ralf R. , Warnhoff Kurt 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMolybdenum cofactor (Moco) is a prosthetic group necessary for the activity of 4 unique enzymes, including the essential sulfite oxidase (SUOX-1). Moco is required for life; humans with inactivating mutations in the genes encoding Moco-biosynthetic enzymes display Moco deficiency, a rare and lethal inborn error of metabolism. Despite its importance to human health, little is known about how Moco moves among and between cells, tissues, and organisms. The prevailing view is that cells that require Moco must synthesize Moco de novo. Although, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans appears to be an exception to this rule and has emerged as a valuable system for understanding fundamental Moco biology. C. elegans has the seemingly unique capacity to both synthesize its own Moco as well as acquire Moco from its microbial diet. However, the relative contribution of Moco from the diet or endogenous synthesis has not been rigorously evaluated or quantified biochemically. We genetically removed dietary or endogenous Moco sources in C. elegans and biochemically determined their impact on animal Moco content and SUOX-1 activity. We demonstrate that dietary Moco deficiency dramatically reduces both animal Moco content and SUOX-1 activity. Furthermore, these biochemical deficiencies have physiological consequences; we show that dietary Moco deficiency alone causes sensitivity to sulfite, the toxic substrate of SUOX-1. This work establishes the biochemical consequences of depleting dietary Moco or endogenous Moco synthesis in C. elegans and quantifies the surprising contribution of the diet to maintaining Moco homeostasis in C. elegans.
The calcineurin regulator Sarah enables distinct forms of homeostatic plasticity at theDrosophilaneuromuscular junction
Authors: Armstrong Noah S. , Frank C. Andrew 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe ability of synapses to maintain physiological levels of evoked neurotransmission is essential for neuronal stability. A variety of perturbations can disrupt neurotransmission, but synapses often compensate for disruptions and work to stabilize activity levels, using forms of homeostatic synaptic plasticity. Presynaptic homeostatic potentiation (PHP) is one such mechanism. PHP is expressed at theDrosophila melanogasterlarval neuromuscular junction (NMJ) synapse, as well as other NMJs. In PHP, presynaptic neurotransmitter release increases to offset the effects of impairing muscle transmitter receptors. PriorDrosophilawork has studied PHP using different ways to perturb muscle receptor function – either acutely (using pharmacology) or chronically (using genetics). Some of our prior data suggested that cytoplasmic calcium signaling was important for expression of PHP after genetic impairment of glutamate receptors. Here we followed up on that observation. We used a combination of transgenicDrosophilaRNA interference and overexpression lines, along with NMJ electrophysiology, synapse imaging, and pharmacology to test if regulators of the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase calcineurin are necessary for the normal expression of PHP. We found that either pre- or postsynaptic dysregulation of aDrosophilagene regulating calcineurin,sarah(sra), blocks PHP. Tissue-specific manipulations showed that either increases or decreases insraexpression are detrimental to PHP. Additionally, pharmacologically and genetically induced forms of expression of PHP are functionally separable depending entirely upon whichsragenetic manipulation is used. Surprisingly, dual-tissue pre- and postsynapticsraknockdown or overexpression can ameliorate PHP blocks revealed in single-tissue experiments. Pharmacological and genetic inhibition of calcineurin corroborated this latter finding. Our results suggest tight calcineurin regulation is needed across multiple tissue types to stabilize peripheral synaptic outputs.
Social class as a blessing in disguise? Beyond the deficit model in working-class and higher education studies
Authors: Luczaj Kamil 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThe overarching question of this paper is, “What are the advantages of being an upwardly mobile academic?” The extant academic research on working-class academics has usually emphasized various kinds of “deficits” of working-class academics. In this paper, the author demonstrates that although class positions can constitute a formidable burden, they can translate into specific advantages in academia.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on the narrative, phenomenological approach, which has been applied in working-class studies and higher-education research. The empirical material comprises the collection of 25 narrative interviews conducted and analyzed according to the biographical narrative interpretive method (BNIM).FindingsThis paper looks at the experience of working-class academics from a holistic perspective, including both the downsides and upsides of being an “outsider within,” or “insider without.” It uncovers four assets of a working-class background – referred to as “navigational capital,” “revolutionary potential,” “wisdom” and a distinct “working-class pedagogy.”Practical implicationsThe working-class pedagogy can be turned into support programs for working-class individuals. Their navigational capital can foster evolutionary changes and small improvements for the benefit of the entire academic community. Their revolutionary dispositions can trigger major reforms, and their unique experiences can be utilized as case studies in teaching.Originality/valueThis paper engages with the literature on the cultural mismatch and cleft habitus in the academic context. It analyzes the positive but rarely discussed aspects of being an upwardly mobile academic with a working-class background. By recognizing these unique assets, it engages with the literature on inclusive universities and can help make higher education more inclusive and sustainable.
Ownership concentration, financial reporting quality and investment efficiency: an empirical analysis of Vietnamese listed firms
Authors: Dinh Thi Ha Thu , Nguyen Cuong Cao , Gan Christopher 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships among financial reporting quality (FRQ), ownership concentration and investment efficiency (IE) of listed firms in Vietnam, an emerging market in Southeast Asia.Design/methodology/approachMultivariate regression models are estimated to test the impacts of FRQ, ownership concentration and the interaction effect of FRQ and ownership concentration on IE. Two-step system generalized method of moments (GMM) estimators are used to control for endogeneity.FindingsThe results show that ownership concentration is positively associated with the IE of Vietnamese listed firms. The results also reveal that overinvestment decreases when there is an increase in ownership concentration. In addition, the authors find that FRQ is positively associated with IE and negatively associated with overinvestment and underinvestment. Moreover, the impact of FRQ on overinvestment is weaker in firms with concentrated ownership.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that attempts to investigate the influence of ownership concentration and the interaction effect of ownership concentration and FRQ on the IE of Vietnamese listed firms. The results provide some managerial implications for Vietnamese listed firms and policymakers on how to mitigate firm-level investment inefficiency.
Consumer research during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review
Authors: Herjanto Halimin , Amin Muslim , Mahfooz Yasser 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThis study aims to extend the study of COVID-19 effects by identifying different consumer behaviors beyond panic buying during the pandemic.Design/methodology/approachA systematic review was based on Herjantoet al.’s (2020a) thematic analysis and Paulet al.’s (2021) 5W1H framework, and the authors analyzed 52 related papers.FindingsThe result findings indicated that during the COVID-19 pandemic, consumers fell into five different consumer behavior categories: health-related behaviors, consumption behaviors, ethical behaviors, behavioral intentions, and other related behaviors, and social connectedness behaviors. Findings show that consumer behaviors were increasingly complex and dynamic during the pandemic.Originality/valueThis systematic review will provide significant contributions to academia by offering general and technical insights and to practitioners by presenting guidelines on dealing with such different behaviors.
Angiotensin‐receptor blocker losartan alleviates atrial fibrillation in rats by downregulating frizzled 8 and inhibiting the activation of WNT‐5A pathway
Authors: Feng Ronghua , Wan Jinjie , He Yongsheng , Gong Hui , Xu Zeqin , Feng Jiugeng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia. Angiotensin‐receptor blocker (ARB) is related to AF treatment. This study explored the mechanism of ARB in AF. AF rat models were established by Ach‐CaCl2 mixed solution injection. Rats were treated with ARB by gavage and injected with pcDNA3.1‐based frizzled homolog 8 (FZD8) overexpression plasmids (oe‐FZD8) through the tail vein. The 12‐lead electrocardiogram was recorded by biological signal acquisition and processing system and AF duration was recorded, and atrial effective refractory period (AERP) was monitored by electrophysiology. Atrial fibrosis degree, FZD8 messenger RNA and protein levels, collagen I, collagen III, transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1), fibronectin, α smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), WBT‐5B, and p‐JNK1/2 levels, interleukin 1 β (IL‐1β) and interleukin 6 (IL‐6) levels were detected by Masson staining, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot assay, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. ACh‐CaCl2‐induced AF rats showed a large area of fused necrosis, abnormal collagen fibre proliferation, high atrial fibrosis degree, and increased atrial fibrosis area in atrial interstitium, elevated collagen I, collagen III, TGF‐β1, fibronectin, α‐SMA, IL‐1β, and IL‐6 levels, whereas these trends were averted by ARB treatment. FZD8 was highly expressed in AF rat myocardium. ARB repressed FZD8 expression, prolonged AERP and reduced AF incidence. FZD8 overexpression annulled the effects of ARB on improving AF rat myocardial fibrosis. ARB inactivated the WNT‐5A pathway by suppressing FZD8. ARB inactivated the WNT‐5A pathway by silencing FZD8, therefore, alleviating AF rat atrial fibrosis.
Resource availability drives bacteria community resistance to pathogen invasion via altering bacterial pairwise interactions
Authors: Li Mei , Pommier Thomas , Yin Yue , Cao Wenhui , Zhang Xiaohui , Hu Jie , Hautier Yann , Yang Tianjie , Xu Yangchun , Shen Qirong , Kowalchuk George A. , Jousset Alexandre , Wei Zhong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMicrobial interactions within resident communities are a major determinant of resistance to pathogen invasion. Yet, interactions vary with environmental conditions, raising the question of how community composition and environments interactively shape invasion resistance. Here, we use resource availability (RA) as a model parameter altering the resistance of model bacterial communities to invasion by the plant pathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum. We found that at high RA, interactions between resident bacterial species were mainly driven by the direct antagonism, in terms of the means of invader inhibition. Consequently, the competitive resident communities with a higher production of antibacterial were invaded to a lesser degree than facilitative communities. At low RA, bacteria produced little direct antagonist potential, but facilitative communities reached a relatively higher community productivity, which showed higher resistance to pathogen invasion than competitive communities with lower productivities. This framework may lay the basis to understand complex microbial interactions and biological invasion as modulated by the dynamic changes of environmental resource availability.
Testing equivalence of two doses of intravenous iron to treat iron deficiency in pregnancy: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Froessler Bernd , Schubert Klaus Oliver , Palm Peter , Church Richard , Aboustate Natalie , Kelly Thu‐Lan , Dekker Gus A. , Hodyl Nicolette A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo test the equivalence of two doses of intravenous iron (ferric carboxymaltose) in pregnancy.DesignParallel, two‐arm equivalence randomised controlled trial with an equivalence margin of 5%.SettingSingle centre in Australia.Population278 pregnant women with iron deficiency.MethodsParticipants received either 500 mg (n = 152) or 1000 mg (n = 126) of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose in the second or third trimester.Main outcome measuresThe proportion of participants requiring additional intravenous iron (500 mg) to achieve and maintain ferritin >30 microg/L (diagnostic threshold for iron deficiency) at 4 weeks post‐infusion, and at 6 weeks, and 3‐, 6‐ and 12‐months postpartum. Secondary endpoints included repeat infusion rate, iron status, birth and safety outcomes.ResultsThe two doses were not equivalent within a 5% margin at any time point. At 4 weeks post infusion, 26/73 (36%) participants required a repeat infusion in the 500‐mg group compared with 5/67 (8%) in the 1000‐mg group: difference in proportions, 0.283 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.177–0.389). Overall, participants in the 500‐mg arm received twice the repeat infusion rate (0.81 [SD = 0.824] versus 0.40 [SD = 0.69], rate ratio 2.05, 95% CI 1.45–2.91).ConclusionsAdministration of 1000 mg ferric carboxymaltose in pregnancy maintains iron stores and reduces the need for repeat infusions. A 500‐ mg dose requires ongoing monitoring to ensure adequate iron stores are reached and sustained.
Spatial density estimate of the snow leopard,Panthera uncia, in the Central Tibetan Plateau, China
Authors: BIAN Xiaoxing , LIANG Xuchang , WECKWORTH Byron , JYAL Dorje , HULL Vanessa , YANG Le 
Published: September 2022

AbstractKnowledge of large carnivore population abundance is essential for wildlife management and conservation, but these data are often difficult to obtain in inherently low‐density species. In particular, the snow leopard,Panthera uncia, an enigmatic cat occupying remote mountains in Central Asia, has received insufficient assessments of its population abundance because of logistical and methodological challenges. Here, we aimed to develop a robust density estimation of snow leopards based on 81 days of camera trapping within a contiguous and previously unsurveyed 1950 km2area of habitat on the Tibetan Plateau (Mayue Township, Shenzha County, Tibet Autonomous Region, China). By applying spatially explicit capture–recapture models, we produced an estimate of 1.40 (95%CI: 1.06–1.84) individuals per 100 km2. Results also suggested sex‐specific variation in the range of movement around activity centers, with male (N= 10, σ = 4.02) movement considerably greater than female (N= 8, σ = 1.84) movement. The findings can serve as a reliable baseline reference for assessing the population trends of this endangered felid species with future estimates. This study will provide context to contribute toward a better understanding of ecological factors shaping the distribution and abundance of snow leopards and the related conservation measures needed to sustain their long‐term survival on the Tibetan Plateau.
trans‐Cinnamaldehyde‐encapsulated zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 nanoparticle complex solutions to inactivate Escherichia coli O157:H7 on fresh spinach leaves
Authors: Yang Xiaoying , Castell‐Perez Maria Elena , Moreira Rosana G. , Sevimli‐Yurttas Zeynep 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study synthesized and characterized ZIF‐8 nanoparticles encapsulated with trans‐cinnamaldehyde oil (TC) and evaluated their antimicrobial effectiveness against Escherichia coli O157:H7 on fresh spinach leaves. The antimicrobial activity of different mass ratios of TC‐encapsulated ZIF‐8 against E. coli O157:H7 (ATCC 43895) strain was assessed and the best mass ratio of 1:2 TC to ZIF‐8 identified. Spinach leaves were treated with (1) 0.5TC@ZIF‐8_PL nanoparticle complexes solution, (2) 200 ppm chlorine, (3) free TC, and (4) sterilized distilled water (control). All sample groups were rinsed for 1 min, dried in a biosafety cabinet, weighted, and packed in sterilized Whirl‐pkTM Stand‐Up sampling bags, and stored at 4°C for 15 days for shelf life studies. Samples were dipped into a solution of nanoparticles and another group was sprayed. The quality of spinach samples was assessed by monitoring changes in moisture content (MC), water activity (Aw), color, pH, texture (firmness and work), vitamin C content, total carotenoid, and chlorophyll content. Spinach leaves treated with 0.5TC@ZIF‐8_PL had less (p < 0.05) water, total chlorophyll, and total carotenoid losses, with minimal changes in pH. However, treatment did not prevent the color degradation (p > 0.05) and adversely affected spinach firmness. The spinach samples treated with 200 ppm chlorine and free TC had higher (p < 0.05) total chlorophyll degradation than the samples treated with the nanoparticles. The mass ratio of TC‐encapsulated ZIF‐8 must be readjusted to reduce potential toxicity issues while maintaining the antimicrobial properties.Practical ApplicationZeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) nanoparticle complex can be used to encapsulate natural antimicrobials to inhibit growth of pathogens on fresh produce. A 2‐log reduction in populations of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on fresh spinach leaves was achieved using trans‐cinnamaldehyde at low concentrations. The results can be used to embed the compounds into polymeric films for antimicrobial packaging applications.
Classic psychedelics and alcohol use disorders: A systematic review of human and animal studies
Authors: Calleja‐Conde Javier , Morales‐García Jose Angel , Echeverry‐Alzate Víctor , Bühler Kora Mareen , Giné Elena , López‐Moreno Jose Antonio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractClassic psychedelics refer to substances such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, ayahuasca, and mescaline, which induce altered states of consciousness by acting mainly on 5‐HT2A receptors. Recently, the interest of psychedelics as pharmacological treatment for psychiatric disorders has increased significantly, including their use on problematic use of alcohol. This systematic review is aimed to analyse the last two decades of studies examining the relationship between classic psychedelics and alcohol consumption. We searched PubMed and PsycInfo for human and preclinical studies published between January 2000 to December 2021. The search identified 639 publications. After selection, 27 studies were included. Human studies (n = 20) generally show promising data and seem to indicate that classic psychedelics could help reduce alcohol consumption. Nevertheless, some of these studies present methodological concerns such as low number of participants, lack of control group or difficulty in determining the effect of classic psychedelics in isolation. On the other hand, preclinical studies (n = 7) investigating the effect of these compounds on voluntary alcohol consumption are scarce and show some conflicting data. Among these compounds, psilocybin seems to show the most consistent data indicating that this compound could be a potential candidate to treat alcohol use disorders. In the absence of understanding the biological and/or psychological mechanisms, more studies including methodological quality parameters are needed to finally determine the effects of classic psychedelics on alcohol consumption.
Measuring aerosols in the operating theatre and beyond using a real‐time sensor network
Authors: Hecker J. G. , He J. , Rochlin R. , Brannen C. , Teng S. , Glenn K. , Novosselov I. 
Published: September 2022

SummaryThe ability to measure and track aerosols in the vicinity of patients with suspected or confirmed COVID‐19 is highly desirable. At present, there is no way to measure and track, in real time, the sizes, dispersion and dilution/disappearance of aerosols that are generated by airway manipulations such as mask ventilation; tracheal intubation; bronchoscopy; dental and gastro‐intestinal endoscopy procedures; or by vigorous breathing, coughing or exercise. We deployed low‐cost photoelectric sensors in five operating theatres between surgical cases. We measured and analysed dilution and exfiltration of aerosols we generated to evaluate air handling and dispersion under real‐world conditions. These data were used to develop a model of aerosol persistence. We found significant variation between different operating theatres. Equipment placement near air vents affects air flows, impacting aerosol movement and elimination patterns. Despite these impediments, air exchange in operating theatres is robust and prolonged fallow time before theatre turnover may not be necessary. Significant concentrations of aerosols are not seen in adjoining areas outside of the operating theatre. These models and dispersion rates can predict aerosol persistence in operating theatres and other clinical areas and potentially facilitate quantification of risk, with obvious and far‐reaching implications for designing, evaluating and confirming air handling in non‐medical environments.
An algorithm for the management of traumatic abdominal wall hernia based on a 9‐year review
Authors: Wong Jessica , Peng Calvin , Shakerian Rose , Knowles Brett , Thomson Ben , Read David J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundTraumatic abdominal wall hernia (TAWH) is a rare consequence of blunt abdominal trauma, usually in the setting of multitrauma, with little consensus or guidelines for management. We present a case series of patients with traumatic herniae over a 9‐year period and a suggested management algorithm.MethodRetrospective review of all patients with TAWH from 1st January 2011 to 31st December 2019 at a Level 1 adult Major Trauma Centre. Clinical presentation, surgical intervention and complications and recurrence were analysed.ResultsForty‐seven patients were found to have TAWH, 0.5% of all major trauma admissions. Thirty (63.8%) were repaired, 12 acutely, 11 semi‐acute and 7 delayed. All but 1 (fall>3 m) were transport associated, with a median Injury Severity Score (ISS) of 29. Follow‐up data for operative cases were available for all but one (97%). Seven (23.3%) cases had a recurrence, more common in the acute repair group (33.3%) compared to semi‐acute (18.2%), and elective group (14.3%).ConclusionTAWH is a rare but potentially serious consequence of blunt abdominal trauma. This series has favoured earlier repair for anterior TAWH, or all those undergoing a laparotomy for other reasons, and elective repair for lumbar or lateral TAWH that do not require a laparotomy for other conditions. We present our preferred algorithm for management, accepting that there are many available strategies in this heterogeneous group of injuries. Loss of follow up and recurrence are a concern, and clinicians are encouraged to develop processes to ensure that TAWH are not a ‘forgotten hernia’.