bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation and Interpretation of a Three-dimensional Configuration of a Magnetic Cloud Flux Rope
Authors: Hu Qiang , Zhu Chunming , He Wen , Qiu Jiong , Jian Lan K. , Prasad Avijeet 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
One strong magnetic cloud (MC) with a magnetic field magnitude reaching ∼40 nT at 1 au during 2012 June 16–17 is examined in association with a preexisting magnetic flux rope (MFR) identified on the Sun. The MC is characterized by a quasi-three-dimensional (3D) flux rope model based on in situ measurements from the Wind spacecraft. The contents of the magnetic flux and other parameters are quantified. In addition, a correlative study with the corresponding measurements of the same structure crossed by the Venus Express (VEX) spacecraft at a heliocentric distance of 0.7 au and with an angular separation of ∼6° in longitude is performed to validate the MC modeling results. The spatial variation between the Wind and VEX magnetic field measurements is attributed to the 3D configuration of the structure appearing as a knotted bundle of flux. A comparison of the magnetic flux contents between the MC and the preexisting MFR on the Sun indicates that the 3D reconnection process accompanying an M1.9 flare may correspond to the magnetic reconnection between the field lines of the preexisting MFR rooted in the opposite polarity footpoints. Such a process reduces the amount of the axial magnetic flux in the erupted flux rope, by approximately 50%, in this case.
Implications of NICER for Neutron Star Matter: The QHC21 Equation of State
Authors: Kojo Toru , Baym Gordon , Hatsuda Tetsuo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The recent NICER measurement of the radius of the neutron star PSR J0740+6620, and the inferred small variation of radii from 1.4 to 2.1 M
⊙, reveal key features of the equation of state of neutron star matter. The pressure rises rapidly in the regime of baryon density n ∼ 2–4 times nuclear saturation density, n
0—the region where we expect hadronic matter to be undergoing transformation into quark matter—and the pressure in the nuclear regime is greater than predicted by microscopic many-body variational calculations of nuclear matter. To incorporate these insights into the microscopic physics from the nuclear to the quark matter regimes, we construct an equation of state, QHC21, within the framework of quark–hadron crossover. We include nuclear matter results primarily based on the state-of-the-art chiral effective field theory, but also note results of using nuclear matter variational calculations based on empirical nuclear forces. We employ explicit nuclear degrees of freedom only up to n ∼ 1.5 n
0, in order to explore the possibility of further physical degrees of freedom than nucleonic here. The resulting QHC21, which has a peak in sound velocity in ∼2–4 n
0, is stiffer than the earlier QHC19 below 2 n
0, predicting larger radii in substantial agreement with the NICER data.
Perceptions et réactions d’intervenants québécois face à la dispensation de services sociaux aux jeunes et aux familles en temps de COVID-19
Authors: Simard Marie-Claude , Pouliot Ève , Maltais Danielle , Nadeau Danielle , Collin-Vézina Delphine , Séguin-Baril Sara , Tremblay Julie , Nadeau France 
Published: July 2022

Cette étude qualitative vise à documenter les perceptions et les réactions des intervenants du réseau des services sociaux à l’enfance, jeunesse, famille face aux conséquences de la pandémie de COVID-19. Entre la 3 e et la 4 e vague de la pandémie au Québec, 11 intervenants, incluant deux gestionnaires, ont pris part à des groupes de discussion. Les résultats révèlent qu’ils ont ressenti de la peur, de la colère, de l’anxiété, des sentiments d’impuissance et d’incompétence, des tensions et ont dû faire face à une polarisation des opinions, ainsi que de la surcharge et de l’épuisement. Pour s’adapter à cette situation, ils ont employé diverses stratégies, dont la méditation et le télétravail. Ces résultats permettent de dégager cinq constats qui pourront servir à l’amélioration des pratiques et du bien-être des intervenants dans le contexte de la pandémie et en période post-pandémie.
Le travail social en France au défi de la crise sanitaire
Authors: Achard Christelle , Rullac Stéphane 
Published: July 2022

Cet article entend proposer une réflexion critique des impacts de la pandémie de la COVID-19 sur le travail social en France, sur une période de deux ans (mars 2020 / mars 2022). Alors que le terme même de « crise » invite à penser en termes de rupture et de bouleversement, nous postulerons que les changements constatés n’ont pas infléchi les tendances de fond qui traversent le secteur social. Les logiques de court terme, de contrepartie et d’activation qui guident la conception et la mise en œuvre des politiques publiques semblent sorties renforcées de cette période.
Evaluation of Antibacterial Potential of Syzygium cumini against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin B Strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Its Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy Analysis
Authors: Shidiki Amrullah , Vyas Ashish 
Published: July 2022

Background:
The resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus as in form of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), inducible clindamycin resistant S. aureus (iMLSB) and constitutive clindamycin-resistant S. aureus (cMLSB) are the major causes of death. An ethnobotanical survey of Syzygium cumini revealed that bioactive compounds showed effective against tested these resistant strains of S. aureus.

Methods:
The main goal of this study is to screening of phytochemicals by different biochemical tests, antimicrobial evaluation as per agar well-diffusion method and identification of chemical constituents of leaves of Syzygium cumini via liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (LCMS) technique.

Results:
The extractive yield was higher with ethanol extract (18.10 ± 0.10). Four phytoconstituents, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and tannin found in four solvent extracts except hexane. The zone of inhibition was higher in aqueous extract with ranges 17–27 mm. Twenty different chemical constituents of leaves of aqueous extract of Syzygium cumini were identified through the application of LCMS data.

Conclusion:
The Syzygium cumini of phytoconstituents showed antibacterial activity against MRSA, iMLSB, and cMLSB. Thus, it may help for the treatment of diseases caused by MRSA, iMLSB, and cMLSB.
Enhanced Antifungal Activity of Piper betle Against Candidiasis Infection Causing Candida Albicans and In silico Analysis with its Virulent Protein
Authors: Selvaraj Ganesh Kumar , Wilson Jayaraj John , Kanagaraj Nalini , Subashini Eswarapandian , Thangavel Sivakumar 
Published: July 2022

Background:
The widespread usage of synthetic chemical drugs often contributes to the development of drug resistance in the clinical pathogens along with hazardous side effects in the human side. Among those clinical pathogens, Candida albicans is a prime consideration to explore. C. albicans is wildly causing a fungal infection of oral cavity well known as candidiasis. This study is prompted to find some novel natural compounds from a medicinal plant, Piper betle against C. albicans.

Methods:
Bioactive compounds were extracted from the betel leaves using different solvents. The standard drug, fluconazole was used to check anticandidal activity of P. betle against C. albicans. Plant extracts were further characterized by the antioxidant and different scavenging assays. The biocompounds were identified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and successfully subjected to molecular docking study.

Results:
Methanol and ethanol extracts were showed potential antifungal, antioxidant, and scavenging activity against C. albicans, in comparison with control drug. Twenty-seven bioactive compounds were identified in the methanol extract of P. betle. These active bioactive compounds were docked with candidapepsin-1, a proteolytic virulent enzyme of C. albicans and compared with a control drug, fluconazole (−7.8 kcal/mol), and the effective interaction was observed with specific bioactive compound, 4-hydroxy-5-imino-3,4-dimethyl-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-imidazolidinone (−7.5 kcal/mol).

Conclusion:
The present study reveals that methanol and ethanol extract of P. betle is a potential source of natural-free radical scavenging antioxidants. These findings will be great helpful in the new drug analysis for the determination of antimicrobial biocompounds against candidiasis and other clinically related infections.
Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Gupta Gajendra Kumar , Sarkar Purnima Dey , Manyal Rohit , Rajput Mithun Singh 
Published: July 2022

Background:
The evidence from various studies showed that patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) have altered components of hemostasis such as platelet function, procoagulant, anticoagulant and fibrinolytic pathways, and modulate inflammation such as acute or chronic inflammatory state. These components may alter based on race, regions, or environment. Assessment of the hemostatic parameters in our region is imperative because the altered components so involved may give an insight as to the clinical phenotypes of Arab-Indian haplotypes we have in our setting. The objective of present study is to assess basic hemostatic and inflammatory parameters in patients with SCD during steady state at a tertiary care hospital.

Methods:
Blood samples of 95 patients with SCD during steady state attending M. Y. Hospital, Indore, India, during the period of November 2019 to March 2020 were screened for C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and platelet counts using latex enhanced immune-turbidimetric assay and hemotology analyzer, respectively, while prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) by automated coagulation analyzer.

Results:
It was observed that there is no significant difference among the mean platelet count (321.9 ± 97.63 × 109/l) of SCD patients and control groups (P = 0.69). CRP levels (6.60 ± 2.83 mg/l) were found to be significantly increased (P < 0.01) in SCD patients in comparison with their respective control. The mean PT (15.21 ± 1.58 s) and APTT values (37.69 ± 2.50 s) were found to be significantly increased (P < 0.05 for both) in SCD patient group when compared with control group.

Conclusion:
The study confirms that patients with SCD in steady state have significant prolonged coagulation indices. These can be an evidence of hypercoagulable state in SCD and may provide reference values appropriate for therapeutic target. We recommend that patients of SCD especially those with severe vaso-occlusive crises should have these hemostatic parameters as a basic test and during routine clinic follow-up for improved management.
Structural Characterization of Inclusion Complex of Stigmasterol with Alpha-Cyclodextrin using Spectroscopy and Molecular Modeling
Authors: Francy Kuruz , Kumari Johnson Prema , Roselet Simon Lizy 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Stigmasterol possesses numerous physiological effects and is used as food supplements and behaves as a pharmaceutical agent. It exhibits anticancer effects against various cancers. The usefulness of the stigmasterol is restricted due to its poor solubility. To overcome this and enhance the solubility and bioavailability of this phytosterol, molecular encapsulation is utilized to augment the desirable properties of stigmasterol. This research work aims to investigate the interaction between stigmasterol and alpha-cyclodextrin (α-CD) in aqueous solution as well as in solid state and experimentally examined by spectral techniques.

Methods:
The liquid complexes are characterized by ultraviolet (UV)-visible spectroscopy and solid inclusion complexes are characterized by Fourier transformer infrared resonance and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The thermal behavior of the complex is analyzed by differential scanning calorimeter. Phase solubility studies are done to learn the solubility of the newly synthesized complex.

Results:
Formation constant from UV-visible analysis is found to be 569 M−1 by Benesi–Hildebrand equation. The solubility constant is calculated to be 52 M−1. The results obtained prove the inclusion which is confirmed through molecular docking studies.

Conclusion:
The newly synthesized inclusion complex is a potent pharmaceutical agent in drug formulation as stigmasterol solubility is enhanced when included in the cavity of α-CD.
Antioxidant-Rich Peridialytic Granola Bar for Hemodialytic Subjects
Authors: Kumar Sudhishna , Velraja Supriya , Arambakkam Hemamalini Janardhanan 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Chronic kidney disease is an emerging major noncommunicable health problem globally. The hemodialysis procedure results with increase in lipid peroxidation and decrease in antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase with change in serum antioxidant activity. The aim of the study is to formulate an antioxidant-rich peridialytic granola bar to supplement hemodialysis patients.

Methods:
The recipe was formulated using oats, ground nuts, dehydrated papaya, flax seeds, almonds, honey, and vegetable oil. To make the supplement antioxidant-rich, dehydrated papaya, honey, and vegetable oil have been selected.

Results:
The amount of antioxidant in the analyzed peridialytic granola bar has been compared with the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for the hemodialysis patients and the quantity for supplementation has been finalized. The 80 g of peridialytic granola bar provides around 3369.6 μg of antioxidant, 15 g of protein, and 346.4 kcal of energy to meet the two-third of the recommended antioxidants and one-fourth of the protein and energy.

Conclusion:
The composition of the developed bar was standardized through organoleptic evaluation. The antioxidant content of the developed product was analyzed and compared with RDA. Eighty grams, i.e., 2 numbers of peridialytic granola bar, will provide roughly around 3369.6 μg of antioxidant, 15 g of protein, and 346.4 kcal of energy. This nutritional value is equivalent to approximately 1 serving of standard commercial formulas of 50 g. The formulated antioxidant-rich peridialytic granola bar can be considered for supplementation for 4 weeks to the subjects undergoing hemodialysis to reduce their oxidative stress.
Seroprevalence and Risk Factors for Hepatitis C Virus among Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Puducherry, India
Authors: Ragunathan Latha , Kannaiyan Kavitha , Subramanian Vithiavathi , Samuel Marcella Sherin , Mahendran Murugavel 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a serious public health problem and the most significant cause of liver disease in patient receiving dialysis for a long term. The prevalence of HCV infections among dialysis patients varies markedly from country to country. Tight infection control measures implemented in developed countries have minimized the transmission rate, while the prevalence still remains high in the developing world. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence rate of HCV infection in hemodialysis patients, to describe demographic characteristics of individuals infected with HCV and to determine whether HCV-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing identifies HCV infections not detected by anti-HCV testing.

Methods:
This retrospective record-based study was carried in Aarupadai Veedu Medical College and Hospital, a Tertiary Care Center in Puducherry, A total of 258 chronic renal failure patients on hemodialysis were studied and tested for anti-HCV antibodies by 4th generation HCV TRIDOT ELISA and real time-PCR.

Results:
Anti-HCV antibodies were positive in 34 (13.2%) patients, comprising 27 (79.4%) males and 7 (20.6%) females. The majority of patients were found to be positive; between 41 and 60 age 24 (70.5%). HCV RNA was detected in 38 (14.72%) patients. The mean age of patients undergoing dialysis was 45 years. 12 (35%) had raised aspartate transaminase (AST) levels and 14 (41%) had raised alanine transaminase (ALT) levels. Gamma-glutamyl transferase was found to be raised in 25 (73.5%) of the subjects. All the 34 HCV seropositive patients were hypertensive and 33% had diabetes mellitus. 23 (67.6%) patients had undergone dialysis in more than one center.

Conclusions:
Regular screening of patients for HCV is absolute necessity for early detection of HCV infection that could result in better management of patients and also stresses on the importance of HCV RNA detection by PCR. Strict adherence to universal precautions, the use of dedicated machines along with regular surveillance for HCV in HD units will dramatically decrease the risk of transmission of HCV.
Association with Oral Microbial Alteration and Oral Disease among Patients Attending Ruhengeri Referral Hospital, Rwanda
Authors: Yadufashije Callixte , Mucumbitsi Joseph , Uwimana Marie Jeanne Umugwaneza , Muhimpundu Liliane , Mwanzia Lydia Nzisa , Ndayambaje Martin , Munyeshyaka Emmanuel , Twagirumukiza Gratien , Mala Albert Onyango 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Dental disease remains a public health concern of this era. In 2020, World Health Organization reported that 3.5 billion of oral disease occurs every year. About 2.3 billion case is attributed to dental caries while gum disease affects 10% of the global population.

Methods:
This was a case control study carried out from November 2020 to February 2021. About 120 participants were recruited, of them, 60 were oral diseased, while the remaining 60 were selected as a control group. Oral swab samples were collected with the swab stick, and put into plastic sterile container to avoid external microbial contamination. Samples were transported to INES clinical microbiology laboratory for microbial identification. chi square was performed to test for association, while odd ratios and relative risk were performed to test for pathogenic microbial fraction.

Results:
The common oral diseases were tooth decay (56.6%) and gum disease (43.4%). the most affected age range was 5-19years (53.33%), while females (63.3%) were the most affected sex. The most isolated microorganism was Lactobacillus spp (15.8%) for patients, while Staphylococcus aureus (11.2%) was the most isolate in the control group. The statistical significant association with oral microbial alteration and oral disease was observed on Streptococcus mutans (x2
=8.9, P= 0.002852), Lactobacillus spp (x2
=9.84, P=0.001708), Candida spp (x2
=5.2, P=0.02258), Staphylococcus aureus (x2
= 15.6, P= 0.000078), and Providencia spp (x2
= 6, P=0.014306). The overall oral microbial alteration (x2
=53, P< 0.00001) was statistically significant. The ratio of pathogenic microorganisms (OR=4, 95%CI:2.3786-7.062 and RR=1.477, 95%CI:1.2478-1.7153) was significantly associated with oral disease.

Conclusion:
Oral microbial alteration contributes to oral disease. Early detection of oral microbial alteration, and oral diseases are recommended.
A cross-sectional study on the seroprevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody in patients with cancer from central Kerala
Authors: George Geomcy , Varghese Sangeetha Merrin , Jose Manju Rosy , Mateethra George Chandy , Sachu Arun , Saji Feba Mary 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Patients with cancer are vulnerable to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Given the rising number of COVID-19 cases and relaxation of stringent COVID-19 protocols, assessment of the level of protective immunity to COVID-19 in patients with cancer has assumed importance.

Objectives:
Our primary objective was to evaluate the seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies in patients with cancer.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted a cross-sectional study on 100 patients with solid tumors attending our Oncology Department at the Believers Church Medical College, Kerala, India, between December 2020 and June 2021. Seroprevalence was assessed using the VITROS® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG test (Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics, Rochester, NY, USA). Additionally, we assessed the factors associated with seropositivity and collected data regarding the general experience of patients with cancer during the pandemic.

Results:
The median age of the participants was 62 years (IQR, 53 - 69.8); 52 (52%) were males. The seroprevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies was 11% (95% CI, 4.8–17.1). Age < 50 years was the only factor that was significantly associated with a higher rate of COVID-19 antibodies (77% vs 8.9% in patients ≥ 50 years; P = 0.007), and sex, smoking, and the use of alcohol did not show any association. The majority (77/100, 77%) of the patients were worried about contracting COVID-19 infection; some even deferred cancer-directed treatment because of the fear of visiting health care settings.

Conclusion:
Low seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in unvaccinated patients with cancer is a matter of concern as it indicates that many of these patients are still vulnerable to infection. There is an urgent need to continue implementing strict safety measures in oncology centers and to encourage widespread COVID-19 vaccination to prevent the uncontrolled spread of COVID-19 among patients with cancer. (Funded by the institution, Believers Church Medical College, Kerala)
Postoperative radiotherapy with concomitant temozolomide plus anlotinib for newly diagnosed glioblastoma
Authors: Chen Yuanyuan , Dong Baiqiang , Liu Guihong , Sun Pengfei , Li Meihua , Yang Xuejun , Feng Shiyu , Wang Liang , Hua Yonghong , Zhao Ming , Liu Yanhui , Ran Juntao , Qiao Li , Lu Xueguan , Jiang Hao , Mao Deqiang , Wu Junxin , Li Xianming , Zheng Wei , Liu Zhigang , Lin Song , Deng Meiling , Yang Qunying , Guo Chengcheng , Li Jing , Chen Zhong-ping 
Published: July 2022

Background and Aim:
Postoperative radiotherapy with concomitant temozolomide (TMZ) followed by ≤ six cycles of adjuvant TMZ chemotherapy (Stupp regimen) is the standard treatment for newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM); however, its effectiveness is limited. Anlotinib inhibits both tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation by targeting multiple kinases, and showing promising results in preclinical GBM models. We designed a Phase II trial to assess the efficacy and safety of the Stupp regimen plus anlotinib.

Methods
/

Design:
This is a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial with an expected 150 patients randomly assigned 1:1 ratio to receive TMZ-based radiochemotherapy with anlotinib (Stupp regimen + anlotinib) or placebo (Stupp regimen + placebo). Postoperative patient recruitment will begin in July 2021, the analysis of primary outcome measures will be completed in July 2023, and the study will finish in July 2024. Major eligibility criteria include histologically confirmed newly diagnosed GBM and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score ≤2. Other criteria for inclusion include age ≥18 years and lack of significant comorbidity. In this study, the primary endpoint will be the median progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints include 1-year overall survival rate, PFS at 6 months, overall response rate, duration of response, disease control rate, quality of life, and toxicity. The protocol has received approval from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Ethics Committee (Approval No. B2021-073-01; approved on April 19, 2021).

Discussion:
Updated treatment modalities are required for newly diagnosed GBM. Our proposed treatment modality of the Stupp regimen combined with anlotinib therapy are waiting conclusion.

Trial Registration:
This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov under identifier NCT04959500 on July 13, 2021.