bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A phase II open label, single arm study of hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy with chemoradiotherapy using intensity-modulated radiotherapy for newly diagnosed glioblastoma after surgery: the HSCK-010 trial protocol
Authors: Guan Yun , Pan Mingyuan , Yang Jun , Lu Qiuxia , Han Liangfu , Liu Ying , Li Jing , Zhu Huaguang , Gong Xiu , Mei Guanghai , Liu Xiaoxia , Pan Li , Dai Jiazhong , Wang Yang , Wang Enmin , Wang Xin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The most frequently diagnosed primary brain tumor is glioblastoma (GBM). Nearly all patients experience tumor recurrence and up to 90% of which is local recurrence. Thus, increasing the therapeutic ratio of radiotherapy using hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (HSRT) can reduce treatment time and may increase tumor control and improve survival. To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of the combination of HSRT and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with temozolomide after surgery in GBM patients and provide evidence for further randomized controlled trials.

Methods/design
HSCK-010 is an open-label, single-arm phase II trial (NCT04547621) which includes newly diagnosed GBM patients who underwent gross total resection. Patients will receive the combination of 30 Gy/5fx HSRT, and 20 Gy/10fx IMRT adjuvant therapy with concurrent temozolomide and adjuvant chemotherapy. The primary endpoint is overall survival (OS). Secondary outcomes include progression-free survival (PFS) rate, objective-response rate (ORR), quality of life (Qol) before and after the treatment, cognitive function before and after the treatment, and rate of treatment-related adverse events (AE). The combination of HSRT and IMRT with temozolomide can benefit the patients after surgery with good survival, acceptable toxicity, and reduced treatment time.

Trial registration
NCT04547621. Registered on 14 September 2020.
Genome-wide DNA methylation signature predict clinical benefit of bevacizumab in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Li Butuo , Jiang Chao , Xu Yiyue , Fan Xinyu , Yang Linlin , Zou Bing , Fan Bingjie , Wang Linlin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The efficacy of bevacizumab in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients is unsatisfactory, and the selection of suitable patients is still challenging. Given the epigenetic modifications can contribute to an aberrant regulation of angiogenesis and microenvironment, we investigated DNA methylation profiles to determine clinical benefit of bevacizumab in NSCLC patients.

Methods
Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling was performed in NSCLC patients treated with chemotherapy in combination with bevacizumab. Patients were divided into better prognosis group (A group) and inferior prognosis group (B group) based on their survival. The difference of methylation patterns and respective functional enrichment analysis were performed between two groups. Prognostic DNA methylation signature for bevacizumab was established with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analyses. TISIDB database was further used to infer immunological relationship for prognostic related DNA methylation.

Results
Twenty patients were included in this study, and significantly distinct methylation patterns were observed between patients with different prognosis. Related genes of different methylation regions were significantly enriched in the biological process of cell projection assembly, neutrophil mediated immunity, and pathway of VEGFA-VEGFR2 signaling pathway, neutrophil degranulation. A 10-gene DNA methylation signature for prognosis prediction was established with the C-index of 0.76. And host genes of signature were found to be related to the abundance of ActCD4, Th1, ActCD8, NKT and neutrophil cells.

Conclusion
The 10-gene DNA methylation signature could serve as a novel biomarker to predict the clinical benefit of bevacizumab therapy and improve this anti-tumor approach for NSCLC patients.
Burden, trends, and risk factors for breast cancer in China from 1990 to 2019 and its predictions until 2034: an up-to-date overview and comparison with those in Japan and South Korea
Authors: Liu Na , Yang Da-Wei , Wu Yan-Xia , Xue Wen-Qiong , Li Dan-Hua , Zhang Jiang-Bo , He Yong-Qiao , Jia Wei-Hua 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The difference in epidemiological characteristics of breast cancer (BC) across countries is valuable for BC management and prevention. The study evaluated the up-to-date burden, trends, and risk factors of BC in China, Japan and South Korea during 1990–2019 and predicted the BC burden until 2034.

Methods
Data on incident cases, deaths, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and age-standardized rate (ASR) of BC were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Trend analysis and prediction until 2034 were conducted by estimated annual percentage change and a Bayesian age-period-cohort model, respectively. Besides, the attributable burden to BC risk factors was also estimated.

Results
In 2019, the number of BC incident cases, deaths and DALYs in China were 375,484, 96,306 and 2,957,453, respectively. The ASR of incidence increased, while that of death and DALYs decreased for Chinese females and Japanese and South Korean males during 1990–2019. High body-mass-index (BMI) was the largest contributor to Chinese female BC deaths and DALYs, while alcohol use was the greatest risk factor for Japanese and South Korean as well as Chinese males. The incident cases and deaths were expected to continue increase during 2020–2034 (except for Japanese female incident cases).

Conclusions
China had the greatest burden of BC among the three countries. Incident cases and deaths of BC were projected to increase over the next 15 years in China, particularly among Chinese males. Effective prevention and management strategies are urgently necessary for BC control in China.
Digital versus slit-beam marking for toric intraocular lenses in cataract surgery
Authors: Ding Ning , Wang Xiaozhen , Song Xudong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To compare the visual outcomes of digital and slit-beam manual marking for toric intraocular lenses (IOL) in cataract surgery.

Setting
Single-center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, China.

Design
Retrospective study.

Methods
All patients with cataracts and regular corneal astigmatism greater than 0.75 diopters (D) underwent cataract surgery and astigmatism correction between June 2019 and June 2020. To mark the target axis of the toric IOL and the location of the incision, intraoperative digital marking was used by Callisto eye image-guided system in one group, while preoperative manual slit-beam marking was used in the other group. Uncorrected and best-corrected spectacle visual acuity, refraction, toric IOL axis, total higher order aberrations, coma, spherical aberration, and trefoil were evaluated at 1, 4, and 12 weeks postoperatively.

Results
Seventy-two eyes of 58 patients were included. At 3 months after surgery, the mean residual refractive cylinder was 0.42 ± 0.45D in the digital group and 0.39 ± 0.40D in the manual group (P = 0.844). There were no significant differences between groups in spherical equivalent refraction, uncorrected and best-corrected spectacle visual acuity, or the parameters of vector analysis. All toric IOL alignment errors were within 10° of the intended axis, and among them, about 42% of eyes in the digital group and 61% of eyes in the manual group had a rotation of 0–2° (P = 0.038). Trefoil in the manual group decreased postoperatively compared with the digital group (P = 0.012). Other aberration analyses did not reveal any statistical differences between groups.

Conclusions
Accurate slit-beam manual marking and digital image-guided marking are equally effective for toric IOL alignment.
The frequency of early age-related macular degeneration and its relationship with dietary pattern in Hunan, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Lin Yanhui , Peng Ting , Li Ying , Liu Yu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeTo estimate the frequency of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) among people who underwent health examination in Hunan, China and to determine the relationship between dietary pattern and the risk of AMD.MethodsThe Questionnaire was used to collect dietary data from 56,775 study participants of ≥ 50 years old who underwent health examination at the Department of Health Management, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between January 2017 and December 2019. The diagnosis of AMD was based on the results of color fundus photography (CFP), spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and multispectral imaging (MSI). After excluding participants with incomplete records or other ocular disease that may affect the results of fundus examination, a total of 43,672 study participants were included. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the relationship between dietary pattern and the frequency of AMD.ResultsAmong the 43,672 study participants, 1080 (2.5%) had early AMD: the frequencies were 2.6% (n = 674) in men and 2.3% (n = 406) in women; the frequencies were 1.0% (n = 289), 3.6% (n = 401), 9.1% (n = 390) in 50–59, 60–69, ≥ 70 years old, respectively. And the age-standard frequency was 6.6% over the 60 years old in Hunan China. The high-salt intake increased the risk of early AMD [odds ratio (OR) = 1.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.54–1.68], whereas the intake of meat decreased the risk (OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.81–0.99).ConclusionIn Hunan China,there was a high frequency of early AMD detected through health examination over the 60 years old. And high-salt intake increases the risk of early AMD, whereas intake of meat decreases the risk. Modulating the dietary pattern and reducing the salt intake as an AMD prevention strategy warrant further study.
Perceptions of adolescents on the COVID-19 pandemic and returning to school: qualitative questionnaire survey, September 2020, England
Authors: Powell Annabel A. , Ireland Georgina , Aiano Felicity , Flood Jessica , Amin-Chowdhury Zahin , Beckmann Joanne , Garstang Joanna , Okike Ifeanyichukwu , Ahmad Shazaad , Ramsay Mary E. , Ladhani Shamez N. , Baawuah Frances 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Little is known about the views of adolescents returning to secondary school during the current COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
In September 2020, the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), formerly known as Public Health England (PHE),recruited staff and students in secondary schools to provide nasal swabs, oral fluid and blood samples for SARS-CoV-2 infection and antibody testing. Students aged 11–18 years in five London schools completed a short questionnaire about their perception of the pandemic, returning to school, risk to themselves and to others and infection control measures, and participating in school testing.

Results
A questionnaire was completed by 64% (297/462) of participants. Students were generally not anxious at all (19.7%; 58/294) or not really anxious (40.0%; 114/295) about returning to school, although 5.4% (n = 16/295) were extremely nervous. Most students were very worried about transmitting the virus to their family (60.2%; 177/294) rather than to other students (22.0%; 65/296) or school staff (19.3%; 57/296), or catching the infection themselves (12.5%; 37/296). Students were more likely to maintain physical distancing in the presence of school staff (84.6%; 247/292) and in public places (79.5%; 233/293) but not when with other students (46.8%; 137/293) or friends (40.8%; 120/294). A greater proportion of younger students (school years 7–9; 11–14-year-olds) reported not being anxious at all than older students (school years 12–13; 16–18-year-olds) (47/174 [27.0%] vs 3/63 [4.8%]; p = 0.001). Younger students were also less likely to adhere to physical distancing measures and wear face masks. Most students reported positive experiences with SARS-CoV-2 testing in schools, with 92.3% (262/284) agreeing to have another blood test in future visits.

Conclusions
Younger students in secondary schools were less concerned about catching and transmitting SARS-CoV-2 and were less likely to adhere to protective measures. Greater awareness of the potential risks of SARS-CoV-2 transmission between secondary school students potentially leading to increased risk of infection in their teachers and their household members may increase adherence to infection control measures within and outside schools.
Acute pancreatitis in 60 Iranian children: do pediatricians follow the new guidelines in diagnosis and management of acute pancreatitis?
Authors: Soti Khiabani Mahsa , Mohammadi Mahya Sadat , Ghoreyshi Seyyed Amirreza , Rohani Pejman , Alimadadi Hosein , Sohouli Mohammad Hassan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The incidence of acute pancreatitis in children is increasing, but causes and diagnostic and therapeutic methods are various in different centers. The aim of this study was to investigate the common causes and routine diagnostic and therapeutic methods of acute pancreatitis in children in a pediatric gastrointestinal referral center and its accordance with existing guidelines.

Methods
In this retrospective, cross-sectional study, a total of 60 children with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis, were studied.

Results
The most common causes of acute pancreatitis were systemic and metabolic diseases and medications. CT scan was performed for 36% of patients, but 31% of patients, for whom a CT scan was performed had no clear indication of CT scan. Only half of the patients received fluid 1.5 times their maintenance in the first 24 h. Antibiotic therapy was performed for 48% of patients but medical indications for antibiotic treatment were found in only 34% of cases. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the relative incidence of acute pancreatitis was increased.

Conclusions
In children with systemic and metabolic disease and using anticonvulsant drugs, it is important to consider the incidence of this disease. In clinical education, the risks of radiation due to unnecessary CT scans and inappropriate prescription of antibiotics need to be emphasized. More research should be done to study the association between COVID-19 and acute pancreatitis.
Comparison of the relative sensitivity of two dimensional personality models to the psychopathological symptoms: the section III DSM-5 maladaptive traits versus affective temperaments
Authors: Komasi Saeid , Hemmati Azad , Rezaei Farzin , Rahmani Khaled , Miettunen Jouko , Amianto Federico , Hopwood Christopher J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) and Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A) are tools designed for personality dispositions for mental health symptoms. The present study was conducted to compare these models in terms of their relative sensitivity to the symptoms of personality disorders (PDs) and non-personality disorders (NPDs).

Methods
Subjects in this cross-sectional study were 1232 (805 female; 63.5%) community samples in western Iran. Data were collected using the PID-5, the TEMPS-A, the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90-R), and the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire (PDQ-4). Correlations and Regression models were used to examine associations between traits and symptoms.

Results
Maladaptive traits assessed by the PID-5 were more strongly associated with PD symptoms, whereas affective temperaments measured by the TEMPS-A were more strongly associated with NPD symptoms.

Conclusion
The present findings highlighted the practical utility of both the PID-5 and TEMPS-A indicating risk for psychopathology, but also suggest a distinction between PDs and NPDs in terms of underlying personality dispositions.
Household-level sanitation in Ethiopia and its influencing factors: a systematic review
Authors: Novotný Josef , Mamo Biruk Getachew 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundWithin the past two decades, Ethiopia has achieved one of the fastest reductions of open defecation worldwide. This change can be attributed to the implementation of a national sanitation strategy that focused on facilitating community demand for latrine adoption and use of basic self-constructed latrines but less on other preconditions of hygienic sanitation. Recognition of sanitation by policymakers also catalyzed primary research in this area. As such, the synthesis of the available evidence is both warranted and possible. In this article, we thus decided to assess available primary evidence on the household-level sanitation in Ethiopia and its influencing factors.MethodsWe searched primary studies that present findings on the role of factors influencing household-level sanitation outcomes in Ethiopia. We typologically classified sanitation outcomes analyzed in identified literature and computed pooled estimates for the most prevalent ones (measures of latrine availability and use). We characterized thematic types (themes and sub-themes) of influential sanitation drivers and used network analysis to examine the relational patterns between sanitation outcomes and their influencing factors.FindingsWe identified 37 studies that met our inclusion criteria—all but one published after 2009. The general latrine coverage pooled across 23 studies was 70% (95% CI: 62–77%), the share of improved latrines pooled across 15 studies was 55% (95% CI: 41–68%), and latrine use pooled across 22 studies was 72% (95% CI: 64–79%). Between-study heterogeneity was high, and no time trends were identified. The identified sanitation outcomes were classified into eight types and factors reported to influence these outcomes were classified into 11 broader themes and 43 more specific sub-themes. Factors around the quality of latrines represented the most frequent sub-theme of consequential drivers. We found that the available research focused predominantly on outcomes concerning the initial adoption and use of basic latrines, emulating the main focus of national sanitation strategy. By contrast, research on drivers of the sustainability of sanitation change and, in particular, on the upgrading of latrines, has been rare despite its urgency. There is a high need to redirect the focus of sanitation research in Ethiopia towards understanding these factors on both the demand and supply side.
Environmentally related gender health risks: findings from citizen science cross-sectional study
Authors: Grazuleviciene Regina , Andrusaityte Sandra , Rapalavicius Aurimas , Dėdelė Audrius 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundPublic engagement in the research of environmental epidemiological problems is becoming an important measure to empower citizens to identify the local environmental and health problems and to explain different environmental exposures affect estimates for males and females. This HORIZON2020 CitieS-Health Kaunas Pilot study examines the relationship between urban built and social environment, health behaviors, and health in men and women.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 1086 18–74-year-old participants residing in 11 districts of Kaunas city, Lithuania. Using GIS, we measured traffic flow, noise, NO2, PM2.5, PM10, and greenness NDVI for the participants’ home addresses, determined participants’ perceptions of environmental quality, linked this information with personal sociodemographic data, and used multivariate logistic regression to assess the associations with health issues (physician-diagnosed chronic disease and self-rated general health) in men and women.ResultsMen and women similar rated the quality of the neighborhood environment, except for air pollution and satisfaction with the public transport in the district. The traffic-related health associations were stronger for women than for men. The prevalence of poor health increased with the increasing age of men and women, yet no significant differences between gender health risks were found in the total sample. Perceived air pollution, irregular visits to green space, and chronic diseases were consistently associated with poor health risks in men and women, yet part-time jobs and low income had a higher impact on women’s poor health.ConclusionsQuality of the built neighborhood, air pollution, irregular visits to the green space, and chronic disease had a joint effect on the magnitude of the prevalence of poor health in men and women. Our results suggest that decreasing air pollution and improving the urban built neighborhood supporting citizens’ physical activity in green spaces, might reduce health risks for all.
Differences in comprehending and acting on pandemic health risk information: a qualitative study using mental models
Authors: Berg Siv Hilde , Shortt Marie Therese , Thune Henriette , Røislien Jo , O’Hara Jane K. , Lungu Daniel Adrian , Wiig Siri 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
A worldwide pandemic of a new and unknown virus is characterised by scientific uncertainty. However, despite this uncertainty, health authorities must still communicate complex health risk information to the public. The mental models approach to risk communication describes how people perceive and make decisions about complex risks, with the aim of identifying decision-relevant information that can be incorporated into risk communication interventions. This study explored how people use mental models to make sense of scientific information and apply it to their lives and behaviour in the context of COVID-19.

Methods
This qualitative study enrolled 15 male and female participants of different ages, with different levels of education and occupational backgrounds and from different geographical regions of Norway. The participants were interviewed individually, and the interview data were subjected to thematic analysis. The interview data were compared to a expert model of COVID-19 health risk communication based on online information from the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. Materials in the interview data not represented by expert model codes were coded inductively. The participants’ perceptions of and behaviours related to health risk information were analysed across three themes: virus transmission, risk mitigation and consequences of COVID-19.

Results
The results indicate that people placed different meanings on the medical and scientific words used by experts to explain the pandemic (e.g., virus transmission and the reproduction number). While some people wanted to understand why certain behaviour and activities were considered high risk, others preferred simple, clear messages explaining what to do and how to protect themselves. Similarly, information about health consequences produced panic in some interviewees and awareness in others.

Conclusion
There is no one-size-fits-all approach to public health risk communication. Empowering people with decision-relevant information necessitates targeted and balanced risk communication.