bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
657. COMPARISON BETWEEN GASTRIC TUBE AND COLOPLASTY IN ESOPHAGECTOMY AND ESOPHAGEAL BYPASS IN ESOPHAGEAL STENOSIS DUE TO INGESTION CORROSIVE SUBSTANCE
Authors: Seguro Francisco Carlos Bernal Da Costa , Tustumi Francisco , Szachnowicz Sergio , Ferros Lucas Sousa Maia , Silva Andrey Blaya E , Sallum Rubens Antonio Aissar , Cecconello Ivan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The treatment of ingestion of caustic agents is controversial in the literature. Surgical therapy has been shown to be the best way to proceed, but the surgical methodology has been varied according to the patient's involvement. This study aims to expose the experience of a single institution in relation to the methodology used for the surgical treatment of esophageal stenosis by ingestion of a caustic substance.
A retrospective study was carried out in which data were collected from 27 patients who underwent a surgical procedure for the treatment of esophageal stenosis due to alkali ingestion at the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo between 2010 and 2019 and their subsequent comparison between the conduits used in the surgical intervention. Fisher's test was performed to compare the groups regarding cervical leakage and post-surgical symptoms with a significance level of 5%.
Of the 27 surgical procedures for esophageal stenosis due to alkali ingestion, 12 performed gastric conduits and 15 colon conduits. When comparing the groups regarding cervical leaks, no statistically significant difference was noted (p = 0.7060). There were also no statistically significant differences regarding the presence of symptoms in the postoperative period (p &gt; 0.99...)
Surgical intervention by both gastric and colon conduits showed no differences in cervical leakage and symptom control.
Surgical intervention by both gastric and colon conduits showed no differences in cervical leakage and symptom control.
659. ORGANOAXIAL GASTRIC VOLVULUS DETERMINING GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE: A FORGOTTEN RELATION CAUSE
Authors: Szachnowicz Sergio , Bianchi Edno Tales , Navarrete João Gabriel Bom , Nunes Lucas Pinto , de Paula Daniel Meirelles 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Gastric volvulus is a rare clinical and occurs when the stomach rotates 180° in its transverse or longitudinal axis. Symptoms may range from mild abdominal pain to volvulus necrosis. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is not very often associated with abdominal gastric volvulus. Usually, the volvulus is primary and results from anatomical ligament defects. Organoaxial volvulus is the most common type and is defined by the rotation of the stomach around the Pylorus or Gastroesophageal Junction.
Two cases will be presented where the treatment of organo-axial gastric volvulus was performed by video laparoscopy. The literature revision will try to bring some aspects of the problems in missing the diagnosis of the volvulus before operation.
Two male patients, 24 and 47 years old, underwent surgery, both with extra-esophageal symptoms of GERD associated with symptoms of gastroparesis. Endoscopy, barium swallow and gastrography, manometry, pHmetry, and scintigraphy gastric emptying test were performed, showing a delayed gastric emptying time leading to reflux in both patients.
Both patients had a good evolution after surgery. The release of the gastric anatomical ligaments was performed, as well as the rotated gastric fundus. The gastric fundus was used to perform a partial fundoplication, with the stomach being fixed to the pillars and diaphragmatic surface, fixing the stomach in a normal anatomical position.
Gastric volvulus can be an unexpected cause of GERD, and the symptoms usually are refractory without surgical treatment. The appropriate surgical technique can bring good results and symptom relief to patients.
SYNPRED: prediction of drug combination effects in cancer using different synergy metrics and ensemble learning
Authors: Preto António J , Matos-Filipe Pedro , Mourão Joana , Moreira Irina S 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
In cancer research, high-throughput screening technologies produce large amounts of multiomics data from different populations and cell types. However, analysis of such data encounters difficulties due to disease heterogeneity, further exacerbated by human biological complexity and genomic variability. The specific profile of cancer as a disease (or, more realistically, a set of diseases) urges the development of approaches that maximize the effect while minimizing the dosage of drugs. Now is the time to redefine the approach to drug discovery, bringing an artificial intelligence (AI)–powered informational view that integrates the relevant scientific fields and explores new territories.

Results
Here, we show SYNPRED, an interdisciplinary approach that leverages specifically designed ensembles of AI algorithms, as well as links omics and biophysical traits to predict anticancer drug synergy. It uses 5 reference models (Bliss, Highest Single Agent, Loewe, Zero Interaction Potency, and Combination Sensitivity Score), which, coupled with AI algorithms, allowed us to attain the ones with the best predictive performance and pinpoint the most appropriate reference model for synergy prediction, often overlooked in similar studies. By using an independent test set, SYNPRED exhibits state-of-the-art performance metrics either in the classification (accuracy, 0.85; precision, 0.91; recall, 0.90; area under the receiver operating characteristic, 0.80; and F1-score, 0.91) or in the regression models, mainly when using the Combination Sensitivity Score synergy reference model (root mean square error, 11.07; mean squared error, 122.61; Pearson, 0.86; mean absolute error, 7.43; Spearman, 0.87). Moreover, data interpretability was achieved by deploying the most current and robust feature importance approaches. A simple web-based application was constructed, allowing easy access by nonexpert researchers.

Conclusions
The performance of SYNPRED rivals that of the existing methods that tackle the same problem, yielding unbiased results trained with one of the most comprehensive datasets available (NCI ALMANAC). The leveraging of different reference models allowed deeper insights into which of them can be more appropriately used for synergy prediction. The Combination Sensitivity Score clearly stood out with improved performance among the full scope of surveyed approaches and synergy reference models. Furthermore, SYNPRED takes a particular focus on data interpretability, which has been in the spotlight lately when using the most advanced AI techniques.
Introduction
Authors: Schwenzer Ingeborg , Muñoz Edgardo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter introduces the applications and interpretations of uniform laws such as the 1980 United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Good (CISG). It notes how the second edition of Global Sales and Contract Law (GSCL) used the functional comparative approach to ensure that the issue is without any dogmatic intricacies. Additionally, the chapter lists the abbreviations pertaining to civil codes, commercial codes, codes of obligation, and sale of goods Acts. The work aims to consider as many of the world’s jurisdictions as possible through the use of case studies instead of listing every possible narrative for each jurisdiction text.
Contract and the Law
Authors: Schwenzer Ingeborg , Muñoz Edgardo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter explains the law applicable to a sales contract. It is a prerequisite to determining the applicable law in line with the contract and nature of the transaction. One of the issues over the matter is the content and extent of obligations between both parties. Religious values or norms could impact the specificity of nuanced international sales laws. On the other hand, international commercial arbitration requires separate consideration as the survey of modern business practice identified its preferred method of dispute resolution. Almost all international commercial arbitral laws give parties the authority to choose the law viable for the contract.
General Remarks on Validity
Authors: Schwenzer Ingeborg , Muñoz Edgardo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter explores the notion of validity. In the context of the CISG, matters of validity can be understood as those where a contract is considered as void ab initio. Validity is a tool used to serve different policy objectives at different times. Contracts declared as an absolute nullity are mostly for the protection of the legal system as a whole, while relative nullity protects the interests of a party rather than the broader legal system. Additionally, a contract valid only with ratification is essentially void until it receives ratification. The chapter tackles the uniform projects’ approach to validity.
Mistake and Error
Authors: Schwenzer Ingeborg , Muñoz Edgardo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter tackles common law misinterpretation. It regards mistakes as one of the most difficult contract law topics as it overlaps between other doctrines. A discrepancy between the way the contract has been legally interpreted and the way one party understood the contract is needed to ensure a party could rely on the contract mistake. Mistakes have been a vital concept within civil law jurisdictions, whereas its relative importance within the common law has varied considerably over time and location due to the possibility of misinterpretations. Common law jurisdictions recognize three types of misrepresentation: innocent, negligent, and fraudulent.
Pre-Contractual Duties
Authors: Schwenzer Ingeborg , Muñoz Edgardo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter tackles pre-contractual duties which depend on what stance a legal system takes towards the general principle of good faith. The principle of good faith and fairness differs in how it influences the construction and interpretation of contractual rights and duties. All legal systems, which recognize a principle of good faith, acknowledge that parties assume a certain degree of responsibility to protect the legal interests of the other party during negotiation. The degree of responsibility range from information duties, honesty, and confidentiality. Additionally, the principle of freedom also gives the power to break off contract negotiations.
General Remarks on Seller’s Obligations
Authors: Schwenzer Ingeborg , Muñoz Edgardo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter explores the obligations of sellers. It starts with the characteristic obligations of sellers such as delivering goods to the buyer, transfer of title, and sales contracts. In the absence of contractual stipulations, it is vital to turn to the default provisions. Civil law jurisdictions do not typically comprehensively corral the obligations of the seller in one particular part of the civil code or code of obligations. However, common law systems are typically structured differently, and thus it is easier to find nearly all obligations of the seller in a single piece of legislation. The chapter expounds on the additional obligations of sellers such as sources and documentation.
Transfer of Title by a Non-Owner
Authors: Schwenzer Ingeborg , Muñoz Edgardo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter explains the transfer of title by a non-owner. Buyers looking into reselling their purchased goods will be placed under sales contracts as sellers. In a commercial environment, buyers demand that their reliance on becoming the owner or authorized reseller be protected. Situations involving the sale of goods encumbered with third party rights are discussed separately in the context of legal defects. The state of awareness of buyers differs among legal systems. Nemo Dat rule, on the other hand, favors the rights of the original owner which is employed by common law legal systems. The chapter includes the protections of bona fide recipients as well.
Interest
Authors: Schwenzer Ingeborg , Muñoz Edgardo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter explores the concept of interest. The concept of interest and its justification has been under scrutiny and dispute from philosophical, religious, and moral perspectives. Contractual agreements on the obligation to pay interest are enforced in the vast majority of legal systems. Additionally, the rate of interest is included in the obligation. Legal systems display a significant degree of uniformity where the parties go beyond the limits of their freedom to fix a contractual interest rate. Both parties are required to go under default provisions if they failed to have an agreement on paying interest.
Thermal stabilisation of the short DNA duplexes by acridine-4-carboxamide derivatives
Authors: Kostelansky Filip , Miletin Miroslav , Havlinova Zuzana , Szotakova Barbora , Libra Antonin , Kucera Radim , Novakova Veronika , Zimcik Petr 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The short oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) probes are suitable for good discrimination of point mutations. However, the probes suffer from low melting temperatures. In this work, the strategy of using acridine-4-carboxamide intercalators to improve thermal stabilisation is investigated. The study of large series of acridines revealed that optimal stabilisation is achieved upon decoration of acridine by secondary carboxamide carrying sterically not demanding basic function bound through a two-carbon linker. Two highly active intercalators were attached to short probes (13 or 18 bases; designed as a part of HFE gene) by click chemistry into positions 7 and/or 13 and proved to increase the melting temperate (Tm) of the duplex by almost 8°C for the best combination. The acridines interact with both single- and double-stranded DNAs with substantially preferred interaction for the latter. The study of interaction suggested higher affinity of the acridines toward the GC- than AT-rich sequences. Good discrimination of two point mutations was shown in practical application with HFE gene (wild type, H63D C &gt; G and S65C A &gt; C mutations). Acridine itself can also serve as a fluorophore and also allows discrimination of the fully matched sequences from those with point mutations in probes labelled only with acridine.
Direct hOGG1-Myc interactions inhibit hOGG1 catalytic activity and recruit Myc to its promoters under oxidative stress
Authors: Bangalore Disha M , Tessmer Ingrid 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The base excision repair (BER) glycosylase hOGG1 (human oxoguanine glycosylase 1) is responsible for repairing oxidative lesions in the genome, in particular oxidised guanine bases (oxoG). In addition, a role of hOGG1 in transcription regulation by recruitment of various transcription factors has been reported. Here, we demonstrate direct interactions between hOGG1 and the medically important oncogene transcription factor Myc that is involved in transcription initiation of a large number of genes including inflammatory genes. Using single molecule atomic force microscopy (AFM), we reveal recruitment of Myc to its E-box promoter recognition sequence by hOGG1 specifically under oxidative stress conditions, and conformational changes in hOGG1-Myc complexes at oxoG lesions that suggest loading of Myc at oxoG lesions by hOGG1. Importantly, our data show suppression of hOGG1 catalytic activity in oxoG repair by Myc. Furthermore, mutational analyses implicate the C28 residue in hOGG1 in oxidation induced protein dimerisation and suggest a role of hOGG1 dimerisation under oxidising conditions in hOGG1-Myc interactions. From our data we develop a mechanistic model for Myc recruitment by hOGG1 under oxidising, inflammatory conditions, which may be responsible for the observed enhanced gene expression of Myc target genes.
Geographic encoding of transcripts enabled high-accuracy and isoform-aware deep learning of RNA methylation
Authors: Huang Daiyun , Chen Kunqi , Song Bowen , Wei Zhen , Su Jionglong , Coenen Frans , de Magalhães João Pedro , Rigden Daniel J , Meng Jia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
As the most pervasive epigenetic mark present on mRNA and lncRNA, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation regulates all stages of RNA life in various biological processes and disease mechanisms. Computational methods for deciphering RNA modification have achieved great success in recent years; nevertheless, their potential remains underexploited. One reason for this is that existing models usually consider only the sequence of transcripts, ignoring the various regions (or geography) of transcripts such as 3′UTR and intron, where the epigenetic mark forms and functions. Here, we developed three simple yet powerful encoding schemes for transcripts to capture the submolecular geographic information of RNA, which is largely independent from sequences. We show that m6A prediction models based on geographic information alone can achieve comparable performances to classic sequence-based methods. Importantly, geographic information substantially enhances the accuracy of sequence-based models, enables isoform- and tissue-specific prediction of m6A sites, and improves m6A signal detection from direct RNA sequencing data. The geographic encoding schemes we developed have exhibited strong interpretability, and are applicable to not only m6A but also N1-methyladenosine (m1A), and can serve as a general and effective complement to the widely used sequence encoding schemes in deep learning applications concerning RNA transcripts.
Epacadostat Plus Pembrolizumab and Chemotherapy for Advanced Solid Tumors: Results from the Phase I/II ECHO-207/KEYNOTE-723 Study
Authors: Powderly John D , Klempner Samuel J , Naing Aung , Bendell Johanna , Garrido-Laguna Ignacio , Catenacci Daniel V T , Taylor Matthew H , Lee James J , Zheng Fred , Zhou Feng , Gong Xiaohua , Gowda Hema , Beatty Gregory L 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Epacadostat, an oral, selective inhibitor of IDO1, has shown activity when administered with pembrolizumab. We evaluated the addition of chemotherapy to epacadostat and pembrolizumab in patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors. One proposed mechanism of resistance to PD-1 checkpoint inhibition is through immunosuppression mediated by L-kynurenine. IDO1, indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 is the rate-limiting enzyme catalyzing the conversion of L-tryptophan to L-kynurenine. If IDO1 is a mechanism of tumor escape from checkpoint inhibition, then addition of an IDO1 inhibitor with a PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor could enable tumor response to immunotherapy.

Methods
Patients received one of 7 tumor-appropriate chemotherapy regimens. Pembrolizumab 200 mg was infused intravenously every 3 weeks. Epacadostat 100 mg was administered orally twice daily. The primary objectives of phase I were determining safety/tolerability and defining the maximum tolerated or pharmacologically active dose of epacadostat. Phase II of the study was designed to enroll efficacy-expansion cohorts and to assess changes in the tumor and tumor microenvironment via mandatory-biopsy cohorts.

Results
A total of 70 patients were enrolled. Twelve patients were enrolled in the phase II mandatory-biopsy cohorts. Due to early study closure, efficacy expansion did not enroll. Grades 3 and 4 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) occurred in 78.6% of patients. Neutropenia and disease progression were the only grades 3 and 4 TEAEs reported in ≥10.0% of patients. One treatment-related death was reported. The ORR was 31.4% across all treatment groups.

Conclusion
The combination of epacadostat 100 mg bid with pembrolizumab and chemotherapy had an acceptable safety profile. This regimen showed antitumor activity across multiple types of advanced or metastatic solid tumors (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03085914).
Through an Australian Lens: Exploring the Impact of Body-Worn Cameras on Police–Community Relations
Authors: Davies Amanda 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
As the police and law enforcement community globally continue to increase the implementation of body-worn cameras (BWCs), there is a building body of knowledge as to the advantages and disadvantages of this tool for policing. Corresponding to the more widespread use of BWCs by police officers is an increase in the areas and level of scrutiny that are caught in the cascading impact of their use. One of the much-lauded potential benefits for the BWCs was the expectation of building positive relationships between officers and the citizens of the community they police. This paper presents findings from a comprehensive research evaluation of the Australian New South Wales Police Force BWC initiative. The findings from the study related to understanding the perspective of the impact of BWCs on the relationship between community members and police officers are presented and discussed. The findings indicate a high level of optimism and positive experience with the impact of the use of BWCs, specifically as it relates to change of behaviour and transparency and accountability of police and members of the public. The study offers a contribution to understanding the role of BWCs in progressing police legitimacy, from both the public and police perspectives in a 21st-century democratic society.
Reproductive Development of Male Rats Exposed In Utero to Stress and/or Sertraline
Authors: Quiarato Lozano Ana Flávia , Marques Tavares Bruna , Villela e Silva Patrícia , Franco de Barros Jorge Willian , De Grava Kempinas Wilma 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Despite increased prescription of sertraline during pregnancy, little is known about its action on reproductive development. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact that stress, associated or not with sertraline, causes on the reproductive development of male rats. Pregnant Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 16/group): CO—received filtered water; SE—received 20 mg/kg sertraline; ST—submitted to restraint stress and received filtered water; SS—submitted to restraint stress and received sertraline. The treatment was carried out from gestational days (GDs) 13–20. The animals were euthanized on GD 20 (n = 8/group), postnatal day (PND) 45 (n = 8/group), and PND 110 (n = 8/group). The testes and epididymis were analyzed histologically, and immunohistochemistry was performed on the testes by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and the Wilms tumor protein (Wt1). Sperm quality was also analyzed on PND 110. The evolution of body weight, anogenital distance (AGD), and puberty installation day were also verified. Statistical analysis: 2-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis test (p ≤ .05). Fetal testes presented a large number of acidophilic cells in the sertraline-exposed groups. The SS group also showed a decrease in the nuclear volume of Leydig cells. This same group showed low expression of PCNA and Wt1, decreased weight of the testes and epididymis, lower AGD, and delayed puberty installation. The adulthood groups exposed to sertraline presented alterations in sperm morphology and motility. The results demonstrated that prenatal exposure to sertraline compromises the development of the rat reproductive system.