bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large‐scale environmental data science with ExaGeoStatR
Authors: Abdulah Sameh , Li Yuxiao , Cao Jian , Ltaief Hatem , Keyes David E. , Genton Marc G. , Sun Ying 
Published: November 2022

AbstractParallel computing in exact Gaussian process (GP) calculations becomes necessary for avoiding computational and memory restrictions associated with large‐scale environmental data science applications. The exact evaluation of the Gaussian log‐likelihood function requires storage and operations, where is the number of geographical locations. Thus, exactly computing the log‐likelihood function with a large number of locations requires exploiting the power of existing parallel computing hardware systems, such as shared‐memory, possibly equipped with GPUs, and distributed‐memory systems, to solve this exact computational complexity. In this article, we present ExaGeoStatR, a package for exascale geostatistics in R that supports a parallel computation of the exact maximum likelihood function on a wide variety of parallel architectures. Furthermore, the package allows scaling existing GP methods to a large spatial/temporal domain. Prohibitive exact solutions for large geostatistical problems become possible with ExaGeoStatR. Parallelization in ExaGeoStatR depends on breaking down the numerical linear algebra operations in the log‐likelihood function into a set of tasks and rendering them for a task‐based programming model. The package can be used directly through the R environment on parallel systems without the user needing any C, CUDA, or MPI knowledge. Currently, ExaGeoStatR supports several maximum likelihood computation variants such as exact, diagonal super tile and tile low‐rank approximations, and mixed‐precision. ExaGeoStatR also provides a tool to simulate large‐scale synthetic datasets. These datasets can help assess different implementations of the maximum log‐likelihood approximation methods. Herein, we show the implementation details of ExaGeoStatR, analyze its performance on various parallel architectures, and assess its accuracy using synthetic datasets with up to 250K observations. The experimental analysis covers the exact computation of ExaGeoStatR to demonstrate the parallel capabilities of the package. We provide a hands‐on tutorial to analyze a sea surface temperature real dataset. The performance evaluation involves comparisons with the popular packages GeoR, fields, and bigGP for exact Gaussian likelihood evaluation. The approximation methods in ExaGeoStatR are not considered in this article since they were analyzed in previous studies.
Use of Toxicity Identification Evaluation Procedures to Clarify the Relationship Between Ammonium Concentrations and Phytoplankton Blooms in the San Francisco Bay Estuary, California, USA
Authors: Miller Jeffrey L. , Bailey Howard C. , Walker Cecilia M. , Miller Kimberley K. , Connor Valerie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Phytoplankton blooms in the northern San Francisco Bay Estuary have historically supported much of the larval fish production in the estuary. In the past, blooms were limited largely by reduced light intensities and net outflows through the system, as well as dense populations of introduced clams that continuously filter the water column. Conversely, the estuary is exposed to a wide variety of contaminants that may also impact phytoplankton growth. Interestingly, previous investigations have suggested that relatively low concentrations of ammonium may inhibit development of bloom conditions by interfering with nitrate assimilation. Given the complex dynamics of the system, with multiple factors that could potentially affect algal growth, additional data to validate this hypothesis are important to identify appropriate management options. Consequently, toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) procedures were applied to ambient water samples and monitored for 72–96 h under controlled conditions to evaluate their effects on algal growth and utilization of dissolved inorganic nitrogen. The TIE treatments specifically targeted ammonium, as well as the potential contributions of metals and nonpolar organic contaminants. Notably, all samples exhibited positive growth over the exposure period with no evidence of toxicity, and TIE treatments did not further improve growth. A subsequent 72-h study evaluated the effect of ammonium up to 12 µM at a fixed concentration of nitrate was monitored at 24-h intervals and showed no inhibition of the development of bloom conditions. Collectively, there was no evidence that ammonium interfered with growth, even at concentrations well above the range of postulated effect levels. Of additional interest, the lack of increased growth in TIE treatments targeting chelatable metals and nonpolar organics suggested that these contaminant classes were not present at inhibitory concentrations. These results demonstrate the importance of validation of cause in multistressor environments, and further clarify the roles of different factors that may limit development of bloom conditions in the estuary. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:178–190. © 2022 SETAC
Assessing the Impact of Chemical Algae Management Strategies on Anurans and Aquatic Communities
Authors: Dvorsky Courtney , Riddle Kambrie , Boone Michelle 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Pond management with chemical and biological agents that reduce overgrowth of algae is an important means of maintaining water quality in residential ponds, yet the effects on nontarget species are not fully understood. We assessed the impact of Aquashade (a common nontoxic pond dye) and copper sulfate (a toxic algaecide) on American toad (Anaxyrus americanus), northern leopard frog (Lithobates pipiens), and Cope's gray treefrog (Hyla chrysoscelis) metamorphosis in outdoor mesocosm experiments. We also evaluated the relative impact of tadpole grazing versus chemical treatment on phytoplankton and periphyton abundance. We found no significant effects of pond management treatment on anuran metamorphosis, suggesting that addition of Aquashade and copper sulfate at tested concentrations does not significantly impact anurans under these experimental conditions. Interestingly, we found that the presence of tadpoles more strongly reduced algal abundance than Aquashade or copper sulfate by significantly decreasing phytoplankton and periphyton abundance over time. The present study suggests that anuran tadpoles may be effective at maintaining water quality, and that Aquashade and copper sulfate may have minimal effects on amphibian metamorphosis. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:213–224. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Advantages of the scapular system in mandibular reconstruction
Authors: Wolter Gabrielle L. , Swendseid Brian P. , Sethuraman Shruthi , Ivancic Ryan , Teknos Theodoros N. , Haring Catherine T. , Kang Stephen Y. , Old Matthew O. , Seim Nolan B. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundFibula free flaps (FFF) are often considered the first choice for mandibular reconstruction, but scapular system free flaps (SFF) have increased in popularity due to versatility, donor site advantages, and patient factors.MethodsRetrospective chart review of patients undergoing mandibulectomy with FFF or SFF reconstruction from 2016 to 2021.ResultsHundred and seventy‐six patients (FFF n = 145, SFF n = 31) underwent the aforementioned procedures. Mean FFF operative time was 9.47 h versus 9.88 for SFF (p = 0.40). Two‐flap reconstructions required 12.65 h versus 10.09 for SFF with soft tissue (p = 0.002). Donor site complications were identified in 65.6% of FFF with skin grafting.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that SFF requires similar operative time and results in reduced donor site morbidity as compared to FFF. Supine, concurrent harvesting of SFF allows for single‐flap harvest with significantly shorter operative time. SFF could be considered a primary option for mandible reconstruction for complex defects and in select patients.
Endoscopic‐assisted total maxillectomy with precise surgical margins
Authors: Nagaoka Masato , Omura Kazuhiro , Nomura Kazuhiro , Takeda Teppei , Otori Nobuyoshi , Kojima Hiromi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn traditional open maxillectomy, identifying the posterior margin is difficult because of its deep location and bleeding from the pterygoid venous plexus. Here, we present our endoscope‐assisted total en bloc maxillectomy technique and discuss its merits and demerits compared to previously reported methods. We developed an endoscope‐assisted total en bloc maxillectomy procedure. We reviewed a series of total maxillectomies performed with and without endoscopic assistance to verify the advantages of endoscopic assistance over conventional total maxillectomy. We analyzed (1) the precision using the distance of the remaining pterygoid process, (2) the operation time, and (3) blood loss. The length of the remnant pterygoid process was significantly shorter in the endoscopic assistance group. The operation time and blood loss were not significantly different between the two groups. Endoscopic assistance makes total maxillectomy more precise without requiring additional time and is a reasonable option for total maxillectomies.
Longitudinal process of employee well‐being: Cross‐lagged relationships among domain satisfactions and subjective well‐being
Authors: Kim Sehoon 
Published: November 2022

AbstractScholars have become increasingly interested in employees' well‐being. Despite studies on the relationships among well‐being constructs, research gaps still exist from the longitudinal and within‐person perspectives. Based on top‐down and bottom‐up theories of subjective well‐being and spillover theories, this study examines the longitudinal relationships of work satisfaction, nonwork satisfaction, and subjective well‐being. A random intercept cross‐lagged panel model was used with the data of four yearly waves collected from 8624 full‐time employees. The autoregressive and cross‐lagged coefficients were not stable but rather change across time. There were strong between‐person correlations between work satisfaction, nonwork satisfaction, and subjective well‐being. At the within‐person level, the paths from subjective well‐being to work satisfaction were not significant while the paths from subjective well‐being to nonwork satisfaction were significant over the years. The cross‐lagged effects from work satisfaction and nonwork satisfaction to subjective well‐being were not significant across the years. However, the cross‐lagged relationships between work satisfaction and nonwork satisfaction were significant. Theoretical implications, practical implications, and suggestions for future research were discussed.
Home‐based e‐working under COVID‐19 pandemic conditions: Insights from corporate organizations in Ghana
Authors: Owusu‐Oware Emmanuel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic outbreak and the subsequent lockdowns and restrictions by many countries worldwide to control the spread of the virus forced several organizations to shift work to homes, aided by digital technologies. However, digital infrastructure and homeworking space, which facilitate home‐based e‐working, are constrained in the developing world. It is, therefore, crucial to understand how developing country organizations maintain business operations under pandemic situations using home‐based e‐working and the challenges it poses. This study employs interpretive qualitative research methodology with a socio‐technical perspective to explore home‐based e‐working under COVID‐19 conditions using five reputable corporate organizations in Ghana. Findings from the study show that home‐based e‐working under pandemic conditions can be seen as a business continuity strategy that requires business continuity policy and plan, digital infrastructure and platforms, and cybersecurity. The findings also identified the challenges as partial work virtualization, cybercrime, transition cost, digital divide, and home environment constraints. The findings have implications for research and organizational management in developing countries.
Lower level of IL‐28A as a predictive index of the artificial liver support system in effective treatment of patients with HBV‐ACLF
Authors: Huang Yandi , Ju Tao , Zhang Huafen , Cao Dan , Li Xuefen , Yang Jiezuan , Yan Dong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundHBV‐related acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (HBV‐ACLF) is the most common type of liver failure with high mortality. Artificial liver support system (ALSS) is an important mean to reduce the mortality of HBV‐ACLF but lacking index to assess its effectiveness. The cytokines are closely related to the prognosis of HBV‐ACLF patients with ALSS treatment, however, which is not fully understood.MethodsOne hundred forty‐two patients with HBV‐ACLF and 25 healthy donors were enrolled. The cytokine profile of peripheral blood was determined in the patients before and after ALSS treatment, and their relationship with effectiveness of ALSS treatment in HBV‐ACLF was analyzed.ResultsSerum IL‐28A levels were markedly lower in ALSS‐effective patients than those in non‐effective patients pre‐ALSS treatment. Similarly, serum IL‐6 was significantly lower in ALSS‐effective patients. Furthermore, for patients with effective treatment, serum IL‐28A levels were positively related with IL‐6 levels post‐ALSS (r = 0.2413, p = 0.0383). The ROC curve analysis showed that serum levels of IL‐28A (AUC = 0.6959 when alone or 0.8795 when combined with total bilirubin, platelet count and INR, both p < 0.0001) and IL‐6 (AUC = 0.6704, p = 0.0005) were useful indices for separating effective from non‐effective ALSS treatment of HBV‐ACLF patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that lower level of IL‐28A was independently associated with higher effective rate of ALSS treatments.ConclusionsLower level of IL‐28A is a predictive biomarker for ALSS in effective treatment of HBV‐ACLF patients and IL‐28A may be potential target for the treatment of HBV‐ACLF.
Revisiting β‐Lactams for Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections: Assessing Clinical Outcomes of Twice‐Daily Cephalexin for Empiric Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Benning Molly , Acosta Dominic , Sarangarm Preeyaporn , Walraven Carla 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe 2011 Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines for treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) recommend non–β‐lactam antibiotics for empiric therapy. However, increasing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. resistance to first‐line antibiotic therapies has necessitated the need for alternative agents. Based on local antibiogram data, cephalexin has become the preferred oral antibiotic for empiric treatment of UTIs at our institution. The purpose of this single‐center retrospective review was to assess clinical outcomes of patients discharged from the emergency department (ED) who received cephalexin for the treatment of uncomplicated UTIs. The primary outcome of this study was to assess the proportion of patients with clinical success 30 days after discharge from the ED. Patients were excluded if they were <18 years of age, received ≥10 days of cephalexin, received antibiotics for any indication other than uncomplicated UTI, received antibiotics within 60 days of their ED visit, or had structural abnormalities. A total of 264 patients were included for evaluation, and 214 patients (81.1%) met the criteria for clinical success. Overall, 28 (10.6%) patients required a change in antibiotics based on cultures and sensitivities, 18 (6.8%) patients returned for nonresolving or worsening symptoms, and 4 (1.5%) patients required both a change in antibiotics and returned for nonresolving or worsening symptoms. Short courses of twice‐daily cephalexin appear to be a safe and effective option for the empiric treatment of uncomplicated UTIs.
Ultrasound‐based radiomics in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome: The influence of regions of interest delineation method on mode
Authors: Lyu Shuyi , Zhang Yan , Zhang Meiwu , Jiang Maoqing , Yu Jianjun , Zhu Jiazhen , Zhang Baisong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn the recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms have been used to accurately diagnose musculoskeletal diseases. However, it is not known whether the particular regions of interest (ROI) delineation method would affect the performance of the AI algorithm.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of ROI delineation methods on model performance and observer consistency.MethodsIn this retrospective analysis, ultrasound (US) measures of median nerves affected with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) were compared to median nerves in a control group without CTS. Two methods were used for delineation of the ROI: (1) the ROI along the hyperechoic medial edge of the median nerve but not including the epineurium (MN) (ROI1); and (2) the ROI including the hyperechoic epineurium (ROI2), respectively. The intra group correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to compare the observer consistency of ROI features (i.e. the corresponding radiomics parameters). Parameters α1 and α2 were obtained based on the ICC of ROI1 features and ROI2 features. The ROC analysis was used to determine the area under the curve (AUC) and evaluate the performance of the radiologists and network. In addition, four indices, namely sensitivity, specificity, positive prediction and negative prediction were analyzed too.ResultsA total of 136 wrists of 77 CTS group and 136 wrists of 74 control group were included in the study. Control group was matched to CTS group according to the age and sex. The observer consistency of ROI features delineated by the two schemes was different, and the consistency of ROI1 features was higher (α1 ˃ α2). The intra‐observer consistency was higher than the inter‐observer consistency regardless of the scheme, and the intra‐observer consistency was higher when chose scheme one. The performances of models based on the two ROI features were different, although the AUC of each model was greater than 0.8.The model performed better when the MN epineurium was included in the ROI. Among five artificial intelligence algorithms, the Forest models (model1 achieved an AUC of 0.921 in training datasets and 0.830 in testing datasets; model2 achieved an AUC of 0.967 in training datasets and 0.872 in testing datasets.) obtained the highest performance, followed by the support vector machine (SVM) models and the Logistic models. The performances of the models were significantly better than the inexperienced radiologist (Dr. B. Z. achieved an AUC of 0.702).ConclusionDifferent ROI delineation methods may affect the performance of the model and the consistency of observers. Model performance was better when the ROI contained the MN epineurium, and observer consistency was higher when the ROI was delineated along the hyperechoic medial border of the MN.
Beneficial effects of enriched environment on behavior, cognitive functions, and hippocampal brain‐derived neurotrophic factor level following postnatal serotonin depletion in male rats
Authors: Saadati Hakimeh , Ghaheri Safa , Sadegzadeh Farshid , Sakhaie Nona , Abdollahzadeh Maryam 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe neurotransmitter serotonin (5‐HT) is one of the most important modulators of neural circuitry and has a critical role in neural development and functions. Previous studies indicated that changes in serotonergic system signaling in early life critically impact mental health, behavior, the morphology of hippocampal neurons, and cognitive functions across the lifespan. The enriched environment (EE) has indicated beneficial effects on behavior and cognitive functions in the developmental period of life, but its impacts on cognitive impairments and behavioral changes following postnatal serotonin depletion are unknown. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the influences of the EE housing (postnatal days [PNDs] 21–60) following postnatal serotonin depletion (by para‐chlorophenylalanine [PCPA], 100 mg/kg, s.c, in PNDs 10–20) on anxiety‐related behaviors, cognitive functions, and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA expression in the hippocampus of male rats. Memory and behavioral parameters were examined in early adulthood and after that, the hippocampi of rats were removed to determine the BDNF mRNA expression by PCR (PNDs 60–70). The findings of the present work indicated that adolescent EE exposure alleviated memory impairment, decreased BDNF levels, and anxiety disorders induced by experimental depletion of serotonin. Overall, these results indicate that serotonergic system dysregulation during the developmental periods can be alleviated by adolescent EE exposure.
Medicinal plant‐associated rhizobacteria enhance the production of pharmaceutically important bioactive compounds under abiotic stress conditions
Authors: Vaghela Nishtha , Gohel Sangeeta 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInterest in cultivating valuable medicinal plants to collect bioactive components has risen extensively over the world to meet the demands of health care systems, pharmaceuticals, and food businesses. Farmers commonly use chemical fertilizers to attain maximal biomass and yield, which have negative effects on the growth, development, and bioactive constituents of such medicinally important plants. Because of its low cost, environmentally friendly behavior, and nondestructive impact on soil fertility, plant health, and human health, the use of beneficial rhizobial microbiota is an alternative strategy for increasing the production of useful medicinal plants under both standard and stressed conditions. Plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) associated with medicinal plants belong to the genera Azotobacter, Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Brevibacterium, Burkholderia, Exiguobacterium, Pseudomonas, Pantoea, Mycobacterium, Methylobacterium, and Serratia. These microbes enhance plant growth parameters by producing secondary metabolites, including enzymes and antibiotics, which help in nutrient uptake, enhance soil fertility, improve plant growth, and protect against plant pathogens. The role of PGPR in the production of biomass and their effect on the quality of bioactive compounds (phytochemicals) is described in this review. Additionally, the mitigation of environmental stresses including drought stress, saline stress, alkaline stress, and flooding stress to herbal plants is illustrated.