bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular adsorbent recirculating system treatment in patients with post-hepatectomy liver failure: Long-term results of a pilot study
Authors: Gilg Stefan , Sparrelid Ernesto , Engstrand Jennie , Baumgartner Ruth , Nowak Greg , Stål Per , D’Souza Melroy , Jansson Anders , Isaksson Bengt , Jonas Eduard , Stromberg Cecilia 
Published: August 2022

Background: Post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is the leading cause of postoperative mortality following major liver resection. Between December 2012 and May 2015, 10 consecutive patients with PHLF (according to the Balzan criteria) following major/extended hepatectomy were included in a prospective treatment study with the molecular adsorbent recirculating system (MARS). Sixty- and 90-day mortality rates were 0% and 10%, respectively. Of the nine survivors, four still had liver dysfunction at 90 days postoperatively. One-year overall survival (OS) of the MARS-PHLF cohort was 50%. The present study aims to assess long-term outcome of this cohort compared to a historical control cohort. Methods: To compare long-term outcome of the MARS-PHLF treatment cohort with PHLF patients not treated with MARS, the present study includes all 655 patients who underwent major hepatectomy at Karolinska University Hospital between 2010 and 2018. Patients with PHLF were identified according to the Balzan criteria. Results: The cohort was split into three time periods: pre-MARS period ( n = 192), MARS study period ( n = 207), and post-MARS period ( n = 256). The 90-day mortality of patients with PHLF was 55% (6/11) in the pre-MARS period, 14% during the MARS study period (2/14), and 50% (3/6) in the post-MARS period ( p = 0.084). Median OS (95% confidence interval (CI)) was 37.8 months (29.3–51.7) in the pre-MARS cohort, 57 months (40.7–75.6) in the MARS cohort, and 38.8 months (31.4–51.2) in the post-MARS cohort. The 5-year OS of 10 patients included in the MARS study was 40% and the median survival 11.6 months (95% CI: 3 to not releasable). In contrast, for the remaining 21 patients fulfilling the Balzan criteria during the study period but not treated with MARS, the 5-year OS and median survival were 9.5% and 7.3 months (95% CI, 0.5–25.9), respectively ( p = 0.138)). Conclusions: MARS treatment may contribute to improved outcome of patients with PHLF. Further studies are needed. The initial pilot study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03011424).
High-dose adenosine versus saline-induced cardioplegic arrest in coronary artery bypass grafting: A randomized double-blind clinical feasibility trial
Authors: Mattila Mikko S. , Järvelä Kati M. , Rinne Timo T. , Nikus Kjell C. , Rantanen Markku J. , Siltanen Juho A.A. , Heleä Jenna-Juulia , Laurikka Jari O. 
Published: August 2022

Background and objective: In this clinical trial, we evaluated if a short-acting nucleoside, adenosine, as a high-dose bolus injection with blood cardioplegia induces faster arrest and provides better myocardial performance in patients after bypass surgery for coronary artery disease. Methods: Forty-three patients scheduled for elective or urgent coronary artery bypass grafting were prospectively recruited in two-arm 1:1 randomized parallel groups to either receive 20 mg of adenosine (in 21 patients) or saline (in 22 patients) into the aortic root during the first potassium-enriched blood cardioplegia infusion. The main outcomes of the study were ventricular myocardial performance measured with cardiac index, right ventricular stroke work index, and left ventricular stroke work index at predefined time points and time to asystole after a single bolus injection of adenosine. Conventional myocardial biomarkers were compared between the two groups at predefined time points as secondary endpoints. Electrocardiographic data and other ad hoc clinical outcomes were compared between the groups. Results: Compared with saline, adenosine reduced the time to asystole (68 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 37–100) versus 150 (95% CI = 100–210) seconds, p = 0.005). With myocardial performance, the results were inconclusive, since right ventricular stroke work index recovered better in the adenosine group (p = 0.008), but there were no significant overall differences in cardiac index and left ventricular stroke work index between the groups. Only the post-cardiopulmonary bypass cardiac index was better in the adenosine group (2.3 (95% CI = 2.2–2.5) versus 2.1 (95% CI = 1.9–2.2) L/min/m2, p = 0.016). There were no significant differences between the groups in cardiac biomarker values. Conclusions: A high dose adenosine bolus at the beginning of the first cardioplegia infusion resulted in significantly faster asystole in coronary artery bypass grafting patients but enhanced only partially the ventricular performance. EudraCT number: 2014-001382-26. https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2014-001382-26/FI
Primary inlay reverse shoulder arthroplasty has a higher rate of revision than onlay reverse shoulder arthroplasty: Analysis from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry
Authors: Gill David RJ , Gill Stephen D , Corfield Sophia , Holder Carl , Page Richard S ,   Investigation performed at AOANJRR
Published: August 2022

Background Two classes of primary reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA), inlay (in-rTSA), and onlay (on-rTSA) were compared to determine differences in rates of revision. Methods Between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2020, all primary in-rTSA or on-rTSA procedures were compared from a large national arthroplasty registry by cumulative percentage revision (CPR). Kaplan–Meier estimates of survivorship and hazard ratios from Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age, gender, glenosphere size, and humeral fixation determined any associations to the risk of revision. Results Of the 14,807 in-rTSA and 6590 on-rTSA procedures, the CPR at seven years was 4.9%. There was an increased risk of revision for in-rTSA vs on-rTSA ( p = 0.039) when adjusted for age, gender, glenosphere size, and humeral fixation. Glenosphere size <38 mm adjusted for age and gender ( p = 0.016) increased the revision risk. Revision for instability/dislocation occurred more often for in-rTSA vs on-rTSA ( p < 0.001) in the first three months. Males had a higher rate of revision than females for in-rTSA (3months+, p = 0.001) and for on-rTSA ( p < 0.001). Discussion Care should be taken when considering in-rTSA particularly in males, and if preoperative planning suggests a small (<38 mm) glenosphere. Level of evidence Level III, therapeutic study. Original article.
Assessment of Knowledge Regarding Risks and Benefits of the Use of Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants
Authors: Valery Jose Raul , Marar Ahmad , Pujalte George , Ward Cynthia , Abdelmoneim Yousif M. , Fitzgerald Patrick J. , Mwakyanjala Edson , Harris Dana M. , Murray Loren , Heckman Michael G. , White Launia J. , Stancampiano Fernando 
Published: August 2022

Background: Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOAC) have replaced vitamin K antagonist (VKA) oral anticoagulants as the first-line treatment option for stroke prevention in high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation. With VKA therapy, disease and treatment-related knowledge is associated with improved adherence and outcomes. There is concern that due to the lack of need for ongoing visits for laboratory monitoring in patients on NOACs, there is less opportunity for education, leading to poor disease- and treatment-related knowledge in this patient group. Methods: One hundred ninety-nine (199) patients presenting to 2 primary care clinics on NOAC therapy were surveyed regarding atrial fibrillation and their knowledge regarding NOACs. Chart review was completed to determine patient characteristics and data obtained was compared with survey results to determine the accuracy of the survey responses. Results: Patients with a lower degree of NOAC knowledge tended to be older ( P < .001), have higher Charlson Comorbidity Index scores ( P = .001), use apixaban more often ( P = .008), and have been on NOACs for a shorter time period ( P = .007). Conclusions: There is an opportunity to improve NOAC-related knowledge in patients with atrial fibrillation. When developing educational interventions, patient characteristics associated with poor knowledge should be considered. Based on our results, these are patients who are older, more medically complex, are on apixaban, and have been on NOAC therapy for a shorter duration.
The Impact of Work Environment on Nurses’ Compassion: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Naseri Sepideh , Ghafourifard Mansour , Ghahramanian Akram 
Published: August 2022

Introduction Compassionate care is considered as the main part of the nurses’ identity and a core component of nursing care. One clinical environment where patients experience a lot of pain and nurses play a vital role in delivering care is the intensive care unit (ICU). Objective Considering the importance of compassionate care in intensive care units, this study aimed to assess the relationship between the work environment and nurses’ compassion in intensive care units. Methods In this cross-sectional survey, a total of 235 nurses were randomly selected from the intensive care units of four educational hospitals of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences from January to March 2021. Data were collected by demographic questionnaire, the Sussex-Oxford Compassion for Others Scale (SOCS-O) and the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI). Results The results showed that there was a significant and inverse relationship between the patient per nurse ratio and the mean score of nurses’ compassion ( P < .05). Moreover, Pearson correlation coefficient showed that the mean total score of the nursing work index had a significant positive relationship with the mean score of the compassion for others (r = 0.16, P = .016). Conclusion Health care managers and leaders should pay more attention to the promotion of nurses’ working environments and they should remove the organizational barriers of compassionate care delivery.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant outcomes in adults with inherited myeloid malignancies
Authors: Saygin Caner , Roloff Gregory , Hahn Christopher N. , Chhetri Rakchha , Gill Saar , Elmariah Hany , Talati Chetasi , Nunley Emma , Gao Guimin , Kim Aelin , Bishop Michael , Kosuri Satyajit , Das Soma , Singhal Deepak , Venugopal Parvathy , Homan Claire C. , Brown Anna , Scott Hamish S. , Hiwase Devendra , Godley Lucy A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThere is increasing recognition that pathogenic germ line variants drive the development of hematopoietic cancers in many individuals. Currently, patients with hereditary hematologic malignancies (HHMs) receive similar standard therapies and hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) approaches as those with sporadic disease. We hypothesize that patients with myeloid malignancies and deleterious germ line predisposition variants have different posttransplant outcomes than those without such alleles. We studied 472 patients with myeloid neoplasms, of whom 26% had deleterious germ line variants and 34% underwent HSCT. Deleterious germ line variants in CHEK2 and DDX41 were most commonly seen in American and Australian cohorts, respectively. Patients with deleterious germ line DDX41 variants had a higher incidence of severe (stage 3-4) acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) (38%) than recipients with deleterious CHEK2 variants (0%), other HHM variants (12%), or patients without such germ line variants (9%) (P = .002). Importantly, the use of posttransplant cyclophosphamide reduced the risk of severe acute GVHD in patients receiving HSCT for deleterious germ line DDX41-associated myeloid neoplasms (0% vs 53%, P = .03). Based on these results, we advocate the use of posttransplant cyclophosphamide when individuals with deleterious germ line DDX41 variants undergo allogeneic HSCT for myeloid malignancies, even when transplantation has been performed using wild-type donors.
Intensiveversusshort face-to-face smoking cessation interventions: a meta-analysis
Authors: Rasmussen Mette , Lauridsen Susanne Vahr , Pedersen Bolette , Backer Vibeke , Tønnesen Hanne 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of intensive smoking cessation interventions (ISCIs) directly compared with shorter interventions (SIs), measured as successful quitting.MethodMedline, Embase, the Cochrane Library and CINAHL were searched on 15 October 2021. Peer-reviewed randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of adult, daily smokers undergoing an ISCI were included. No setting, time or language restrictions were imposed. Risk of bias and quality of evidence was assessed using the Cochrane tool and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation, respectively. Meta-analyses were conducted using a random-effects model.Results17 550 unique articles were identified and 17 RCTs evaluating 9812 smokers were included. 14 studies were conducted in Europe or the USA. The quality of the evidence was assessed as low or moderate. Continuous abstinence was significantly higher in ISCIs in the long term (risk ratio 2.60, 95% CI 1.71–3.97). Direction and magnitude were similar in the short term; however, they were not statistically significant (risk ratio 2.49, 95% CI: 0.94–6.56). When measured as point prevalence, successful quitting was still statistically significant in favour of ISCIs, but lower (long term: 1.64, 1.08–2.47; short term: 1.68, 1.10–2.56). Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results.ConclusionISCIs are highly effective compared to SIs. This important knowledge should be used to avoid additional morbidity and mortality caused by smoking.
Acute abdomen due to anaphylactic intestinal edema associated with systematic mastocytosis: a case report
Authors: Takagishi Tomoko , Miki Katsuhiko , Imashuku Shinsaku , Takagishi Katsushige 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Among various anaphylactic conditions resulting in acute abdomen, mast cell activation disorders, although rare, are included in the differential diagnosis.

Case presentation
This report describes a 63-year-old Caucasian man who was brought to the emergency room with sudden onset abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea, with breathing difficulty, and with facial swelling after quarrelling with an acquaintance. Computed tomography showed edematous and swollen intestines, consistent with splenomegaly. Physical findings included maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis. He also had a long history of repeated episodes of anaphylaxis requiring occasional epinephrine auto-injector administration; however, the precise cause of anaphylaxis was previously undetermined. Blood tests showed high serum concentrations of soluble IL-2R and tryptase, suggesting mast cell-related disease. Subsequent biopsies of his bone marrow and cutaneous rash confirmed the diagnosis of systemic mastocytosis (SM).

Conclusion
SM was diagnosed in a patient with acute abdomen who visited the emergency room.
Delayed access to feed early post-hatch affects the development and maturation of gastrointestinal tract microbiota in broiler chickens
Authors: Proszkowiec-Weglarz Monika , Miska Katarzyna B. , Ellestad Laura E. , Schreier Lori L. , Kahl Stanislaw , Darwish Nadia , Campos Philip , Shao Jonathan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe first two weeks of post-hatch (PH) growth in broilers (meat-type birds) are critical for gut development and microbiota colonization. In the current broiler production system, chicks may not receive feed and water for 24 to 72 h due to variations in hatching time and hatchery management. Post-hatch feed delay affects body weight, feed efficiency, mortality, and gut development. The goal of this study was to investigate changes in the microbiome in broiler chickens early PH and the effect of delayed access to feed on the microbiota.ResultsChicks either received feed and water immediately after hatch or access to feed was delayed for 48 h to mimic commercial hatchery settings (treatment, TRT). Both groups were sampled (n = 6) at -48, 0, 4 h, and 1 (24 h), 2 (48 h), 3 (72 h), 4 (96 h), 6 (144 h), 8 (192 h), 10 (240 h), 12 (288 h) and 14 (336 h) days PH. Ileal (IL) and cecal (CE) epithelial scrapings (mucosal bacteria, M) and digesta (luminal bacteria, L) were collected for microbiota analysis. Microbiota was determined by sequencing the V3-V4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA and analyzed using QIIME2. The microbiota of early ileal and cecal samples were characterized by high abundance of unclassified bacteria. Among four bacterial populations (IL-L, IL-M, CE-L, CE-M), IL-M was the least affected by delayed access to feed early PH. Both alpha and beta diversities were affected by delayed access to feed PH in IL-L, CE-M and CE-L. However, the development effect was more pronounced. In all four bacterial populations, significant changes due to developmental effect (time relative to hatch) was observed in taxonomic composition, with transient changes of bacterial taxa during the first two weeks PH. Delayed access to feed has limited influence on bacterial composition with only a few genera and species affected in all four bacterial populations. Predicted function based on 16S rRNA was also affected by delayed access to feed PH with most changes in metabolic pathway richness observed in IL-L, CE-L and CE-M.ConclusionsThese results show transient changes in chicken microbiota biodiversity during the first two weeks PH and indicate that delayed access to feed affects microbiota development. Proper microbiota development could be an important factor in disease prevention and antibiotic use in broiler chickens. Moreover, significant differences in response to delayed access to feed PH between luminal and mucosal bacterial populations strongly suggests the need for separate analysis of these two populations.
Major complications after percutaneous biopsy of native or transplanted liver in pediatric patients: a nationwide inpatient database study in Japan
Authors: Kurakawa Kayo Ikeda , Okada Akira , Bessho Kazuhiko , Jo Taisuke , Ono Sachiko , Michihata Nobuaki , Kumazawa Ryosuke , Matsui Hiroki , Fushimi Kiyohide , Yamaguchi Satoko , Yamauchi Toshimasa , Nangaku Masaomi , Kadowaki Takashi , Yasunaga Hideo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aim
Although major complication rates following percutaneous liver biopsy (PLB) have been reported to be higher in children than in adults, scarce data are available regarding pediatric patients stratified by native and transplanted liver. We aimed to assess the factors associated with major complications after percutaneous biopsy of native or transplanted liver using a nationwide inpatient database.

Methods
Using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database, we retrospectively identified pediatric patients who underwent PLB between 2010 and 2018. We described major complication rates and analyzed factors associated with major complications following PLB, stratified by native and transplanted liver.

Results
We identified 3584 pediatric PLBs among 1732 patients from 239 hospitals throughout Japan during the study period, including 1310 in the native liver and 2274 in the transplanted liver. Major complications following PLB were observed in 0.5% (n = 18) of the total cases; PLB in the transplanted liver had major complications less frequently than those in the native liver (0.2% vs. 1.0%, p = 0.002). The occurrence of major complications was associated with younger age, liver cancers, unscheduled admission, anemia or coagulation disorders in cases with native liver, while it was associated with younger age alone in cases with transplanted liver.

Conclusions
The present study, using a nationwide database, found that major complications occurred more frequently in pediatric cases with native liver and identified several factors associated with its major complications.
Evaluation of the broth microdilution plate methodology for susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Peru
Authors: Puyén Zully M. , Santos-Lázaro David , Vigo Aiko N. , Coronel Jorge , Alarcón Miriam J. , Cotrina Vidia V. , Moore David A. J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable, preventable and curable disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Peru is amongst the 30 countries with the highest burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) worldwide. In the fight against drug-resistant tuberculosis, the UKMYC6 microdilution plate was developed and validated by the CRyPTIC project. The objective of the study was to evaluate the use of the broth microdilution (BMD) plate methodology for susceptibility testing of drug-resistant MTB strains in Peru.

Methods
MTB strains isolated between 2015 and 2018 in Peru were used. 496 nationally-representative strains determined as drug-resistant by the routine 7H10 Agar Proportion Method (APM) were included in the present study. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 13 antituberculosis drugs were determined for each strain using the UKMYC6 microdilution plates. Diagnostic agreement between APM and BMD plate methodology was determined for rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol, ethionamide, kanamycin and levofloxacin. Phenotypes were set using binary (or ternary) classification based on Epidemiological cut-off values (ECOFF/ECV) proposed by the CRyPTIC project. Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) was performed on strains with discrepant results between both methods.

Results
MIC distributions were determined for 13 first- and second-line anti-TB drugs, including new (bedaquiline, delamanid) and repurposed (clofazimine, linezolid) agents. MIC results were available for 80% (397/496) of the strains at 14 days and the remainder at 21 days. The comparative analysis determined a good agreement (0.64 ≤ k ≤ 0.79) for the drugs rifampicin, ethambutol, ethionamide and kanamycin, and the best agreement (k > 0.8) for isoniazid and levofloxacin. Overall, 12% of MIC values were above the UKMYC6 plate dilution ranges, most notably for the drugs rifampicin and rifabutin. No strain presented MICs higher than the ECOFF/ECV values for the new or repurposed drugs. Discrepant analysis using genotypic susceptibility testing by WGS supported half of the results obtained by APM (52%, 93/179) and half of those obtained by BMD plate methodology (48%, 86/179).

Conclusions
The BMD methodology using the UKMYC6 plate allows the complete susceptibility characterization, through the determination of MICs, of drug-resistant MTB strains in Peru. This methodology shows good diagnostic performances for rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol, ethionamide, kanamycin and levofloxacin. It also allows for the characterization of MICs for other drugs used in previous years against tuberculosis, as well as for new and repurposed drugs recently introduced worldwide.