bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Connections of Steel Girders with End Plates and Partially Prestressed Bolts
Authors: Guțiu Ștefan , Moga Cătălin , Danciu Alexandra D. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The connections with end plates and bolts can be used in steel bridge structures, or joining the decking beams, which can lead to very simple and economical constructive solutions. The paper presents some theoretical aspects concerning the behavior and calculation of the end plate connections which is partially pre-tensioned by high-strength bolts, and supplementary a welded cover plate is added to the tensioned flange of the plate girder. In the case of connections subjected to tension forces, it is not recommended to prestress the bolts as much as is the case when the joints are subjected only to shear because live loads can lead to the overloading of the bolts; the overload is a function of the relative stiffness of the end plate and of the bolts. The additional welded splice at the tension flange contributes to the transfer of the large tension stresses from the extreme bolts to the welded cover plate, resulting in a significantly reduced joint assembly loading and an increased load-bearing capacity. The paper includes a numerical example highlighting the influence of the stiffness of the joint elements and of the welded splice-plate on the joint loading, considering its pre-tensioning effect from the cooling contraction of the longitudinal welding fillets.
Corporate Governance in Romania: The Board Structure an Overview of Betplus Companies
Authors: Aida Neagoe 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Corporate governance is a relatively new concept that emerged after the middle of the last century in response to financial scandals and bankruptcies of large companies in the 1990s and has become increasingly important, mainly in the present-day context of globalization and the growth of international competition, of the continuous changes of the market, of the economic and political environment, of the rapidity of the technological changes, which make that the maintenance of the balance and success of companies cannot be achieved without paying increasing attention to the way management and control is performed. The concept of corporate governance is based on internal and external mechanisms, designed to align the interests of all those involved in the company’s activity, so as to increase the value of the company and to achieve the highest possible performance, and to increase investors’ confidence through transparency, accountability and honesty. The Board of Directors is one of the most important corporate governance mechanisms, its main role is to elect and monitor the activity of managers, to ensure that they run the company in accordance with the interests of those who elected them (the shareholders), while pursuing the company’s strategy and objectives. This study presents an analysis of the Board of Directors of the companies that are part of BETPlus index of BSE, in terms of compliance with the provisions of Bucharest Stock Exchange Corporate Governance Code, but also a brief review of the main corporate regulations in Romania, highlighting the requirements related to the size and composition of the boards, requirements that the listed companies must comply with.
THE POTENTIAL OF CEPUK WOVEN FABRICS AS NUSA PENIDA'S LOCAL WISDOM IN SUPPORTING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE PANDEMIC ERA
Authors: Eddy I Wayan Tagel 
Published: May 2022

This article examines the potential of cepuk woven fabric as Nusa Penida's local wisdom in supporting sustainable development in the pandemic era. Balinese people in general are familiar with Gringsing woven fabrics, songket woven fabrics and endek woven fabrics. There is a type of cloth that comes from Tanglad Village, Nusa Penida District, Klungkung Regency, called cepuk woven fabric. The process of making cepuk woven cloth using a traditional tool called cagcag . The purpose of this study is to provide information about the history of existence, tools and materials, the manufacturing process to the decorative motifs found on cepuk woven fabrics as local wisdom of Nusa Penida. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. Data was collected using observation, interviews, and documentation methods. The results showed that the history of the existence of cepuk woven fabrics has been accepted from generation to generation and is a type of sacred cloth. Materials used: metric threads and rayon, natural dyes using tarum leaves, teak leaves, bark (jamblang, mango, kepundung/menteng, noni), and secang/sepang wood. The process of making cepuk weaving is quite complicated through several stages, and has several motifs with their respective functions.
Keywords: cepuk weaving, natural dyes, decorative motifs, meaning
Coenzyme Q-10: a potential role in alleviating long Covid-19 symptoms
Authors: Surapsari Juwalita 
Published: May 2022

Globally, as of mid August 2021 there have been more than 200 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 reported to WHO. About 80% of COVID-19 cases are asymptomatic and mild, and most of the cases resolved within 2-4 weeks. While severe pneumonia and critical multi-organ failure occurs in 15% and 5% respectively, and can last for 3-6 weeks. The post-COVID symptoms, initially referred to as ‘long COVID’ or ‘long-haul COVID’, are now collectively referred to as ‘post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection” (PASC).
Short-term effects of passive listening to an Indian musical scale on blood pressure and heart rate variability among healthy individuals – A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Kunikullaya U. Kirthana , Vijayadas  , Kunnavil Radhika , Goturu Jaisri , Prakash Vadagenahalli S. , Murthy Nandagudi Srinivasa 
Published: May 2022

Objectives:
Listening to music is entertaining but also has different health benefits. Music medicine involves passive listening to music, while music therapy involves active music-making. Indian music is broadly classified into Hindustani and Carnatic music, each having its system of musical scales (ragas). Scientific studies of Indian music as an intervention are meagre. The present study determines the effect of passive listening to one melodic scale of Indian music on cardiovascular electrophysiological parameters.

Materials and Methods:
After informed consent, healthy individuals aged 18–30 years of either gender were recruited and randomly divided into two groups (n = 34 each). Group A was exposed to passive listening to the music intervention (Hindustani melodic scale elaboration [Bhimpalas raga alaap]), while Group B received no intervention except for a few natural sounds (played once in every 2 min). Blood pressure (BP, systolic, SBP; diastolic, DBP) and electrocardiogram in Lead II were recorded with each condition lasting for 10 min (pre, during and post). Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis was done. Data were analysed using SPSS 18.0 version and P ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.

Results:
In Group A, the SBP did not change during the intervention but increased mildly after the intervention (P = 0.054). The DBP increased in both the groups during the intervention, significant in Group A (P = 0.009), with an increase of 1.676 mmHg (P = 0.012) from pre-during and 1.824 mmHg (P = 0.026) from pre-post intervention. On HRV analysis, mean NN interval increased and HR reduced in both the groups, but was significant only in Group B (P = 0.041 and 0.025, respectively). In Group A, most of the HRV parameters were reduced during music intervention that tended to return toward baseline after the intervention, but the change was statistically significant for total power (P = 0.031) and low frequency (P = 0.013); while in Group B, a consistent significant rise in parasympathetic indicators (SDNN, RMSSD, total power and HF [ms2]) over 30 min was observed.

Conclusion:
Unique cardiovascular effects were recorded on passive listening to a particular Indian music melodic scale. The scale, raga Bhimpalas, produced a mild arousal response. This could be due to attention being paid to the melodic scale as it was an unfamiliar tune or due to the features of this melodic scale that led to an arousal or excitation response. In contrast, the control group had only a relaxation response. Exploring electrophysiological effects of different genres, melodic scales and their properties after familiarising with the music may thus be illustrative.
The Formulation and Validation of a Conceptual Framework for the Transition from E-government to M-government
Authors: Alharmoodi Badir Yousif Rafee , Lakulu Muhammad Modi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The proliferation of mobile devices has spurred many nations across the globe to make the necessary transition from e-government to m-government to provide better services to their citizens more flexibly, transcending temporal and geographical barriers. However, making such transitions is fraught with numerous challenges that may impede a smooth transition of these services. To make matters worse, there is a lack of conceptual frameworks to which relevant stakeholders can refer. Against this backdrop, this study was carried out to formulate and validate a conceptual framework to guide the transition of services from e-government to m-government in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). This study was based on qualitative approach involving a survey in which 15 academicians from reputable universities in the UAE were selected to seek their opinions on the conceptual framework of the study. The research instrument used in this study constituted a survey questionnaire consisting of two parts. The first part sought to gather personal information of the participating experts, namely gender, age, educational level, working experience, and fields of expertise. The second part aimed to elicit their opinions regarding the appropriateness of five constructs and their components used for the formulation of the conceptual framework of the study, namely IT Infrastructure, IT Skills, Security and Privacy, Knowledge of Operating Standard and Protocols, and Operating Frameworks, each of which was rated along a spectrum of agreement based on 4-point Likert-type scales, ranging from ‘1’ (Strongly Disagree) to ‘4’ (Strongly Agree). This part consisted of 25 items, with each construct being rated by five items. The survey questionnaire was pilot-tested involving four experts in the field of mobile communication. The analysis of experts’ opinions were analyzed based on the Fuzzy Delphi Method, showing that IT Infrastructure and Security and Privacy were deemed highly valid, closely followed by the remaining constructs, namely IT skills, Operational Frameworks, and Knowledge of Standards and Protocols. Likewise, all of their components were also deemed highly valid. The above findings strongly suggest that all the five constructs as well as their components are crucial aspects that may have significant impacts on the transition of services from e-government to m-government in the UAE. From the practical standpoint, the validated conceptual framework help provide a greater insight into the understanding of potential challenges that relevant stakeholders have to face as they embark on making such an ambitious transition. However, more studies are required to examine the usability of the proposed conceptual framework for the transition of services from e-government to m-government from the perspective of practitioners working in the related fields.
Phytopathogenic micromycetes of oats under the conditions of the Irkutsk region
Authors: Razina А. А. , Dyatlova О. G. 
Published: May 2022

The results of phytopathological examination of grain batches of oat zoned varieties Rovesnik and Egorych grown in different areas of the Irkutsk region and harvested in 2015-2016 and in 2020-2021 have been presented. Infestation with micromycetes was determined by the wet chamber method according to GOST 12044-93. The weather conditions during the growing years of the examined oat batches were warm and characterized by a deviation of moisture during the growing season from the norm which led to plants weakening and the reinforced development of phytopathogenic micromycetes. A high ubiquitous occurrence of fungi from the genus Alternaria has been established. In 2015 the infestation of oat cultivar with Rovesnik fungi from the genus Alternaria ranged from 20 tо 36 %, and that grown in 2016 – from 44 tо 83 %. The variety Egorych in 2016 was infested from 43 tо 91%. In the batches harvested in 2020 and 2021, irrespective to a cultivar, the infestation was from 70 tо 100 % and from 60 tо 98 %, correspondingly. Bipolaris spp. was observed in all the analyzed batches of oat variety Rovesnik in the harvests of 2015 and 2016 with a varying infestation range of 3-12 % and 4-37 %, respectively. The cultivar Egorych harvested in 2016 had the infestation level from 3 tо 87 %. In the harvests of 2020 and 2021, single batches free from Bipolaris spp. were found, but most of them had a degree of infestation, regardless of a variety, of 7-40 % and 3-45 %, respectively, in 2020 and 2021. The occurrence of phytopathogens of the genus Fusarium spp. did not depend on the variety, but it differed greatly in years. In the grain of most batches harvested in 2015-2016, the infestation with micromycetes Fusarium spp. was within the range of 1-24 %, and in the harvest of 2020-2021 the batches with very high infestation with this pathogen prevailed – 23-93 % and 20-67 %, respectively. Single batches were free of Fusarium spp.
BASIC HOPE AND EXISTENTIAL ANXIETY AMONG ADULTHOOD GENERATIONS
Authors: Gawda Barbara 
Published: May 2022

Purpose. This study attempts to show the level of basic hope and existential anxiety among younger adults/emerging adulthood and middle adult generations. Basic hope is seen as a positive feeling playing a fundamental motivational role in the regulation of human behavior. It has been pointed out that hope is a prospective emotion that, contrary to fear/anxiety, is directed toward the future. Existential anxiety is thought to be inversely related with hope which means that existential anxiety is associated with unresolved intra-psychic conflicts. Methods. A sample of 139 younger and adult participants from the general population was examined. They represented three stages of adulthood: emerging adulthood (59), early adulthood (28), middle adulthood (52). They completed two self-measure questionnaires focused on basic hope (Basic Hope Inventory – 12 by Trzebiński and Zięba) and existential anxiety (Existential Anxiety Questionnaire by Weems and associates). Results. The results indicate that the younger generation/emerging adulthood displays a higher level of existential anxiety and lower level of basic hope than other adult generations. Young people who feel higher existential anxiety do not believe that their future will be positive. Adult women display a higher level of basic hope than men while the level of existential anxiety is similar in both women and men Conclusions. The results document developmental characteristics of the stage named emerging adulthood. At this stage of development, people are particularly vulnerable, full of fear for their future, they have to make important decisions about their education, professional decisions, and close interpersonal relationships. As their hope is low and existential anxiety is high they do not perceive their future positively.
Simulation of thermochemical processes in Aspen Plus as a tool for biorefinery analysis
Authors: Sierra Jimenez Valentina , Ceballos Marín Carlos  M. , Chejne Janna Farid 
Published: May 2022

The development of tools for the synthesis, design, and optimization of biorefineries requires deep knowledge of the thermochemical processes involved in these schemes. For this project, three models from scientific literature were implemented to simulate the processes: fast pyrolysis in a fluidized bed, fixed-bed, and fluidized-bed gasification using the Aspen PlusTM software. These models allow the user to obtain performance, consumption, and cost parameters necessary for the design and optimization of biorefineries schemes. The fast pyrolysis model encompasses a detailed description of biomass decomposition and kinetics of the process (149 reactions). In the fixed-bed gasification process, seven reactions that model the process have been integrated into two equilibrium reactors that minimize the Gibbs free energy. The model used for fluidized bed gasification considers both hydrodynamic and kinetic parameters, as well as a kinetic model that considers the change in the combustion reaction rate of biomass with oxygen leading to a change in temperature. Due to the complexity and detail of all these models, it was necessary to use FORTRAN subroutines and iterative Excel macros linked to Aspen PlusTM. Finally, the results of each simulation were validated with data from the model sources, as well as experimental results from the literature.
Penggunaan metode inkuiri untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar Ips di kelas IV
Authors: Baidi Baidi 
Published: May 2022

<p>Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh adanya kenyataan di lapangan pembelajaran di kelas IV Sekolah Dasar (SD) belum menggunakan metode inkuiri. Berdasarkan pengamatan peneliti di UPT SDN 04 Silaut Kecamatan Silaut bahwa guru kelas IV SD mengajarkan IPS masih dengan cara yang sama seperti berceramah dengan arti kata pembelajaran terfokus pada guru dan siswa tidak aktif dalam pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendePenelitian Tindakan Kelaskan dan mendapatkan informasi tentang pembelajaran IPS dengan menggunakan metode Inkuiri untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS yang meliputi(1) perencanaan, (2) pelaksanaan yang terdiri dari kegiatan awal, kegiatan inti, dan kegiatan akhir, dan (3) hasil belajar.</p>Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan rancangan penelitian tindakan. Rancangan penelitian ini meliputi (1) perencanaan, (2) pelaksanaan (3) pengamatan, dan (4) refleksi. Kegiatan penelitian meliputi (1) kegiatan refleksi awal yang terdiri dari studi pendahuluan, serta penyusunan rancangan, (2) kegiatan pelaksanaan penelitian yang terdiri dari tahap pelaksanaan tindakan, tahap pengamatan, dan tahap refleksi, dan (3) kegiatan refleksi. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, dilakukan secara kolaboratif antara peneliti dan guru. Data penelitian ini berupa informasi tentang data hasil tindakan yang diperoleh dari hasil pengamatan, hasil observasi aktivitas guru dan siswa, tes awal dan tes akhir pembelajaran. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV SD terteliti yang berjumlah 25 orang. Setelah data terkumpul data disesuaikan dengan teknik kualitatif. Hasil penelitian siklus I tes awal rata-rata nilai siswa 5,4 dan pada tes akhir rata-rata siswa mencapai 7,24, sedangkan tes akhir siklus II nilai rata-rata siswa meningkat menjadi 8,38. Berdasarkan hasil dan temuan peneliti, disarankan kepada guru kelas IV UPT SDN 04 Silaut Kecamatan Silaut dalam pembelajaran Masalah Sosial menggunakan Metode Inkuiri
PERFORMA RENANG IKAN BAWAL (Colossoma macropomum) PADA SUHU AIR YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Mawardi Wazir , Virlydianty Novita , Sondita Muhammad Fedi Alfiadi , Purwangka Fis 
Published: May 2022

Tingkah laku ikan sangat diperlukan dalam perikanan tangkap karena dapat dijadikan dasar dalam menilai dan mengembangkan metode penangkapan ikan dan alat penangkapan ikan. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkah laku ikan adalah suhu perairan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkah laku ikan, khususnya ketahanan renang ikan bawal pada suhu yang berbeda. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari-Agustus 2019 di laboratorium tingkah laku ikan Departemen Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Perikanan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Peralatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini akuarium, flume tank, alat tulis, stopwatch, flash disk, kamera, tripod, scoopnet, chiller, heater, pH meter, termometer, timbangan, meteran. Jenis data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini adalah kecepatan dan ketahanan renang ikan pada air dengan suhu 20°C, 27°C dan 35°C. Penelitian eksperimen diterapkan untuk melihat pengaruh suhu air terhadap ketahanan renang ikan bawal (Colossoma macropomum). Peningkatan frekuensi kibasan sirip ekor ketika ikan berenang pada air bersuhu lebih tinggi diperkirakan tidak terlalu efektif dalam meningkatkan kecepatan renang. Ketahanan renang ikan ketika berenang pada kecepatan 2-3 BL/s menurun dengan adanya peningkatan suhu.
Kata kunci: ikan bawal, kecepatan renang, ketahanan renang, suhu air
Improving Skill of SPSS Software For Biology 3rd Year Students of Samara University in 2021: Action Research
Authors: Asfaw Aragaw , Hailu Abdu , Awol Hussen 
Published: May 2022

SPSS helped revolutionize research practices in the social sciences. Students in Department of Biology think that SPSS statistical software is very difficult for them, because SPSS statistical software is viewed as a hard science than Biology which is viewed as a soft science. The main aim of this action research is to improve the skill of SPSS software’ in the case of biology of third year Biology section A students at the Samara University in 2021. Among all 46, 35 students were included since they are present on the day of training class. The data from the student’s questionnaire were tabulated and analyzed using descriptive statistical method. For the purpose of analyzing the collected data SPSS version 20 software was used. From the summary statistics of the total 35 students the proportion of male and female students is 5(14.3%) and 30(85.7%) respectively. The residence of the student majority 22 (62.9%) comes from rural areas. Of students 23 (65.7%) are motivated for their future research works to use it for statistical data analysis and graphics. There is high demand SPSS training programs for students as it is mandatory for data analysis. Software training programs like SPSS should be proposed on the curriculum to improve the skill of the students.
MENINGKATKAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE JIGSAW
Authors: Pasandaran Rio Fabrika , Basir Fahrul , Suciati Indah 
Published: May 2022

Komunikasi matematis merupakan komponen penting dalam mendukung pencapaian hasil belajar matematika peserta didik di sekolah. Esensi komunikasi matematis adalah proses penyampaian gagasan matematika baik secara lisan maupun tulisan, dari satu bentuk ke bentuk yang lain. Perubahan bentuk-bentuk simbol, gambar, diagram, tabel yang mewakili proses mental setiap peserta didik akan dibentuk menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw (sebagai perlakuan). Tipe Jigsaw diyakini memiliki kontribusi positif terhadap perkembangan komunikasi matematis. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMPN 5 Palopo, dengan metode eksperimen dan desain One - Group Pretest Posttest Design. Komunikasi matematis peserta didik sebelum diberikan perlakuan berada pada kategori rendah dengan skor rata-rata 43,90 dan setelah diberikan perlakuan berada pada kategori sedang dengan skor rata-rata 75,31. Secara inferensial, melalui uji statistik One-Sample Test diperoleh nilai signikansi sebesar 0.001 < 0.05. Disimpulkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan komunikasi matematis peserta didik secara signifikan melalui model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Jigsaw.
Trade Liberalization in Nepal: Analysis of Its Impact
Authors: Kharel Khom Raj , Upadhyay Yadav Mani , Adhikari Dipak Bahadur 
Published: May 2022

The objective of this study is to examine the impact of trade liberalization on Nepalese economy over the period 1990-2018. As per studies, trade liberalization increases the areas and size of foreign trade. Nepal has introduced the economic and trade liberalization policy in mid-1980s and started to liberalize its trade and investment after 1990s. After the adoption of economic liberalization, the flow of foreign trade, economic growth of Nepal has been significantly increasing. The impact of trade liberalization on economy is measured in terms of economic growth, trade tax, industrial GDP and ratio of trade tax to total size of trade of Nepal by applying simple and multiple regression models. In Simple regression model, four equations show a positive correlation between INGDP and import, export, total trade, EOI inflation rate.