bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Free-living protozoa (ciliophora, excavata and amoebozoa) in two water sources for human supply in the municipality of Blumenau, SC
Authors: Grott Suelen Cristina , Greinert Juliane Araújo Goulart , Castro Isabel Cristina Vidal Siqueira de , Kaufmann Vander Vander 
Published: March 2022

The knowledge of the diversity of free-living protozoa in aquatic ecosystems represents an important tool in environmental quality management. It has been widely used in studies evaluating the water quality of fresh-water sources with environmental variables. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the diversity of free-living protozoa in two water sources used as a public supply for human consumption in the municipality of Blumenau, SC, for 12 months. Water samples were collected monthly for analysis of environmental variables and for identification of organisms. In total, 39 taxa were recorded in P1 and P2, both in the readings performed on the day of collection and in the cultivation. In P1, 11 taxa were identified in the readings of the day of collection, and after reading the cultivation, 20 new taxa were recorded. P2 presented 12 taxa in the readings performed on the day of collection and 10 new taxa in the cultivations' readings. Ciliates were the most expressive group in the period, with 69.5% frequency in P1 and 66.1% in P2. The results of the environmental variables in conjunction with the survey of the free-living protozoa of P1 and P2 did not show marked differences between the points. Still, they contributed to the knowledge of the diversity of protozoa in aquatic environments.
Identificação espaço-temporal dos padrões de focos de calor no estado do maranhão
Authors: Neto Ernandes Macedo da Cunha , Bezerra Jade Cristynne Franco , Moura Marks Melo , Araujo Emmanoella Costa Guaraná , Melo Marcio Roberto da Silva , Santos Núbia de Fátima Alves dos , Borges Luciana da Silva 
Published: March 2022

O fogo no Brasil é associado a diversas etapas do setor agropecuário, sendo frequente o registro de incêndios e queimadas no país. Assim, o Maranhão, é um dos estados com maior ocorrência de focos de queimadas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a dinâmica espacial e temporal dos focos de calor no Maranhão. Os dados de focos de calor foram adquiridos no Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, enquanto os de pluviosidade com o sensor TRMM. Analisou-se os focos de calor anualmente, entre 2007 a 2019. Estes foram submetidos ao estimador de densidade Kernel no QGIS 2.18. Houve 325.940 focos no Maranhão entre 2007 a 2019, com maior incidência em 2007. A maior precipitação ocorreu entre janeiro e maio, o que coincide com a menor incidência dos focos de calor. Estes estão concentrados no centro maranhense, onde há menor precipitação. Os focos estavam entre 0-149 km de áreas de desmatamento, assentamentos, rodovias e aldeias indígenas. As áreas com maior concentração dos focos de queimadas estão localizadas no bioma cerrado, sendo a maior incidência no segundo semestre, o qual tem menor pluviosidade. Portanto, a incidência dos focos de calor é intrínseca à sazonalidade da precipitação e intensificada pela ação antrópica.
Objetos e matéria: em busca de uma possível fotograficidade singular
Authors: Fonseca Darci Raquel 
Published: March 2022

Objetos & Matéria compreende uma série de fotografias realizadas com o telefone celular, dispositivo que, usado como meio de realização e busca de uma possível poética dos objetos do cotidiano, por estar sempre à mão, disponibiliza uma proximidade com o objeto da presente pesquisa. Uma experiência que leva a pensar a articulação deste objeto cultural sem arte, na esfera da arte contemporânea. É certo dizer que o telefone celular ocupa um lugar a não ser negligenciado na comunicação e em diversos projetos artísticos atuais. Observamos que sua função primeira, a comunicação pela fala, se comparada a de produção de imagens, é hoje largamente reduzida. A tecnologia digital oferece cada vez mais condições para que o aparelho móvel possa ser usado em diversas aplicações, entre elas, a da criação artística visual. É certo também que o utilizador do dispositivo móvel se confronta com a predeterminação científica de fabricação deste objeto cultural, demandando um entendimento de condição, para que se possa contorná-la e, por conseguinte, obter a fotograficidade desejada para a foto em realização, pois é neste processo que o trabalho é determinante para o resultado esperado. Pensando com Flusser, os objetos culturais foram organizados intencionalmente, e cada um ajusta o olhar do fotógrafo em sua busca. Ainda com Flusser, o fotógrafo se esgueira entre os objetos, para evitar a intenção que neles se esconde, a fim de se emancipar de sua condição cultural. Na tentativa de transmutação dos objetos culturais da vida cotidiana para a cena artística, buscamos caminhos que os revelem mais surpreendentes do que belos. A mise en œuvre que articula os objetos sem arte no campo da arte visa uma articulação de suas realidades, a partir de conteúdos sensíveis que se encontram para além da materialidade que os constitui; esses objetos fotografados comportam algo da vida cotidiana que nos toca e que, de uma maneira ou de outra, nos emociona. Conforme diz Edgar Morin, a fotografia corteja os sentimentos. Clarividente, ela se abre no invisível. Portanto, os objetos vistos, mais do que ver, nos fazem sentir o que a representação exalta visualmente como essência. Traço da realidade, a fotografia resulta de uma excepcional conjunção do real com elementos impalpáveis que emergem do ato de representação que a faz singular.
Gravura e a poética do múltiplo: diálogos entre um processo de criação contemporâneo e a cultura do consumo
Authors: Ladeira Marcillene 
Published: March 2022

RESUMO: O presente artigo traz o recorte de uma fundamentação teórico-prática, na qual a palavra-imagem “múltiplo” é instaurada como um dos argumentos poéticos empregado nas obras autorais da artista-pesquisadora Marcillene Ladeira. Neste transcurso, apresenta-se a gravura como ponto de partida, pois a esta linguagem – conforme consenso à farta de pesquisadores – originalmente reserva-se tal conceituação. Em adição ao processo de construção plástica, estão a pintura e a fotografia, em retratação “do real” e submergidas em características híbridas. Como referencial de artistas e obras, empregam-se: Andy Warhol, com as obras “Brilho Box” (1964) e “Lata de sopa Campbell” (1964) e Daniel Arsham, com “Eroded Brillo Box” (2019/2020). Quanto aos autores, há destaques para: Benjamin (1955), Costella (2006), Entler (2007), Catarxo (2012) e Foster (2017). Sustenta-se que o múltiplo – entendido enquanto possibilidade de reprodução “numa espécie de linha de montagem” – permitiu estabelecer diálogos profícuos de pensamento. Em uma leitura de aproximação com a Pop, mas com uma envergadura diferenciada, as obras em discurso, transitam do imaginário do consumo para o pós-consumo, cuja poética instaurada entre “arte e meio ambiente”, sustenta-se por três conceitos operacionais chave: “liquidez”, “respeito à natureza” e “transitoriedade, enquanto seres viventes”. As relações dialógicas estabelecidas no lugar da exposição também, são evidenciadas como estratégia pessoal de produção e singularidade desse fazer, sobre a égide da interfase: múltiplo-lugar-poética.
Insight into the cryptic diversity and phylogeography of the peculiar fried egg jellyfish Phacellophora (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa, Ulmaridae)
Authors: Moura Carlos J. , Ropa Nikolai , Magalhães Bruno Ivo , Gonçalves João M. 
Published: March 2022

The fried egg jellyfish Phacellophora camtschatica (senso lato) is a morphologically peculiar and conspicuous species occurring mostly in the cold waters of the North Pacific. It is less common in the cold waters of the NW Atlantic, and occasionally has been reported in the Mediterranean, Arctic, East and South Pacific, and E, SW and NE Atlantic. However, sightings of this scyphozoan jellyfish have intensified during the past two to three decades in Macaronesia, the Iberian Peninsula and the Mediterranean. These jellyfish are known to be voracious predators of other jellies, but also of other taxa, including fish of commercial interest. Therefore, Phacellophora aggregations may threaten local fisheries, aquaculture, and local biodiversity structuring. We report the first known occurrences of Phacellophora in the Azores Islands, which apparently become more frequent in recent years of the past decade. We confirm, through DNA barcoding of COI and 16S mitochondrial markers, the genetic identity of Phacellophora occurring in the Azores (NE Atlantic). We reveal, with COI sequence data, three (potentially four) cryptic species within the Phacellophora camtschatica complex. Two Phacellophora species co-occur in the North Pacific. In the North Atlantic (and possibly in the Mediterranean) one or two distinct species exist. Three nominal species of the genus that are currently synonymized, with type localities in the N Pacific, NW Atlantic, and the Mediterranean, need reassessment. The morphotypes previously defined for the four putative species names given for Phacellophora might be eventually differentiated by the number and disposition of the marginal lappets of umbrellae. This morphologic character has to be further inspected in vouchers of the four genetic lineages of Phacellophora, to decide between the description of new species, and the resurrection of junior synonyms through the designation of neotypes with DNA Barcodes, to validate the identity of the cryptic taxa detected. More haplotype sampling is necessary across the distribution of the genus to further investigate the genetic diversity and phylogeographic history of Phacellophora. The high genetic relatedness of Phacellophora from the cold NW Atlantic and the sub-tropical shores of the Azores, revealed by 16S and COI sequence data, suggests a recent invasion, in terms of geologic time, of the temperate waters of the NE Atlantic (and possibly of the Mediterranean). The medusivorous habits of Phacellophora, and especially its predation on the mauve stinger (Pelagia spp.) which frequently blooms in Macaronesia and Mediterranean waters, could relate to the recent reports of Phacellophora in the Azores, Madeira, Canary Islands, and the Mediterranean.
More investment, including on scientific staff, is necessary to catalog, DNA barcode and monitor jellyfish dynamics more accurately worldwide.
Level of Mediations on Pain and Satisfaction Level of Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Javaid Ayesha , Gull Mah , Tasleem Iqra 
Published: March 2022

The main objective of the study was to analyse the level of mediations on pain and satisfaction level of patients undergoing abdominal surgery. This cross sectional study was conducted at Fatima Jinnah Medical University Lahore. The study was performed with 124 patients undergoing abdominal surgery under general anesthesia aged 18-65, with no diagnosis of cancer, no chronic pain, hospitalized for at least 24 hour following the surgical procedure, undergoing elective surgery and agreeing to participate. The data was collected from 124 patients with mean age 18 to 40 years. The data was collected from both genders. Of a total of 124 abdominal-surgery patient subjects, 58.1% were male, 94.3% were married, 61.3% had undergone surgery, and 41.1% had undergone total gastrectomy. Among the 124 participants, 47 were included in the control group, 36 in experimental group. Regarding their general characteristics, no significant differences in any aspects were observed. It is concluded that preoperative nursing intervention for pain has positive effects for patients undergoing abdominal surgery.
Multiscale Hierarchical Architecture‐Based Bioactive Scaffolds for Versatile Tissue Engineering
Authors: Ma Hongshi , Yang Chen , Ma Zhenjiang , Wei Xiaoyue , Younis Muhammad Rizwan , Wang Hanbo , Li Wentao , Wang Zhiyong , Wang Wenhao , Luo Yongxiang , Huang Peng , Wang Jinwu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractArtificial construction from tendon to bone remains a formidable challenge in tissue engineering owing to their structural complexity. In this work, bioinspired calcium silicate nanowires and alginate composite hydrogels are utilized as building blocks to construct multiscale hierarchical bioactive scaffolds for versatile tissue engineering from tendon to bone. By integrating 3D printing technology and mechanical stretch post‐treatment in a confined condition, the obtained composite hydrogels possess bioinspired reinforcement architectures from nano‐ to submicron‐ to microscale with significantly enhanced mechanical properties. The biochemical and topographical cues of the composite hydrogel scaffolds provide much more efficient microenvironment to the rabbit bone mesenchymal stem cells and rabbit tendon stem cells, leading to ordered alignment and improved differentiation. The composite hydrogels markedly promote in vivo tissue regeneration from bone to tendon, especially fibrocartilage transitional tissue. Therefore, such calcium silicate nanowires/alginate composite hydrogels with multiscale hierarchical structures have potential application for tissue regeneration from tendon to bone. This work provides an innovative strategy to construct multiscale hierarchical architecture‐based scaffolds for tendon/bone engineering.
Rapidly and Repeatedly Reprogrammable Liquid Crystalline Elastomer via a Shape Memory Mechanism
Authors: Chen Guancong , Jin Binjie , Shi Yunpeng , Zhao Qian , Shen Youqing , Xie Tao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRealization of muscle‐like actuation for a liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) requires mesogen alignment, which is typically achieved/fixed chemically during the synthesis. Post‐synthesis regulation of the alignment in a convenient and repeatable manner is highly desirable yet challenging. Here, a dual‐phase LCE network is designed and synthesized with a crystalline melting transition above a liquid crystalline transition. The crystalline phase can serve as an “alignment frame” to fix any mechanical deformation via a shape memory mechanism, leading to corresponding mesogen alignment in the liquid crystalline phase. The alignment can be erased by melting, which can be the starting point for reprogramming. This strategy that relies on a physical shape memory transition for mesogen alignment permits repeated reprogramming in a timescale of seconds, in stark contrast to typical methods. It further leads to unusual versatility in designing 3D printed LCE with unlimited programmable actuation modes.
Relationship between Viscosity and Resistance of Oil Film: A New Way to Investigate the Controllable Friction between Charged Interfaces Lubricated by Ionic Lubricating Oil
Authors: Zhang Caixia , Chen Junmin , Liu Mengmeng , Wang Fei , Zheng Yaqi , Cheng Yanhong , Liu Zhifeng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntelligent lubricating materials can control the coefficient of friction between interfaces in response to external stimuli. Considering that mechanical transmission parts are mostly used in oil‐based lubrication environments, the lubrication performance and electrical regulation mechanism of poly‐α‐olefin‐50 (PAO50), a lubricating oil, containing 1‐octyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([OMIm]PF6), an ionic liquid (IL), are investigated in this study. Friction tests on a universal micro‐tribometer under current stimulation show that ionic lubricating oil has an excellent lubrication performance and electrical responsiveness. By changing the current strength, ion content, and the load, the reasons behind the change in the coefficient of friction are investigated. Ion aggregation results in an increase in the viscosity of the lubricating oil film, which leads to an increase in the coefficient of friction. Moreover, the real‐time resistance value of the oil film is obtained through a self‐built voltage acquisition device. The mechanism of the electronic control of friction is verified by analyzing the influence of the change in ion distribution on the resistance of the oil film. There is a correlation between the resistance and viscosity of the oil film. The results of this study may be significant in guiding research on the intelligent control of friction under oil‐based lubrication.
Visible‐Light‐Induced Photoredox 1,1‐Dichloromethylation of Alkenes with Chloroform
Authors: Cheng Yingjie , Qu Zhonghua , Chen Shiru , Ji Xiaochen , Deng Guo‐Jun , Huang Huawen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA photoredox 1,1‐dichloromethylation of alkenes with the readily available bulk chemical chloroform was described, furnishing a variety of 1,1‐dichloroalkane products selectively. Furthermore, this transformation could proceed smoothly on gram‐scale, and the obtained products could transform into diverse γ‐lactam derivatives with simple treatment. Mechanistically, the single electron transfer (SET) with excited photocatalyst and subsequent deprotonation of triethylamine generates the key α‐aminoradical intermediate, which enables selective Cl‐atom transfer of chloroform. The specific selectivity, broad substrate scope, as well as the mild reaction conditions make this strategy especially attractive.magnified image
Enhanced Versatility of Table‐Top X‐Rays from Van der Waals Structures
Authors: Huang Sunchao , Duan Ruihuan , Pramanik Nikhil , Boothroyd Chris , Liu Zheng , Wong Liang Jie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractVan der Waals (vdW) materials have attracted much interest for their myriad unique electronic, mechanical, and thermal properties. In particular, they are promising candidates for monochromatic, table‐top X‐ray sources. This work reveals that the versatility of the table‐top vdW X‐ray source goes beyond what has been demonstrated so far. By introducing a tilt angle between the vdW structure and the incident electron beam, it is theoretically and experimentally shown that the accessible photon energy range is more than doubled. This allows for greater versatility in real‐time tuning of the vdW X‐ray source. Furthermore, this work shows that the accessible photon energy range is maximized by simultaneously controlling both the electron energy and the vdW structure tilt. These results will pave the way for highly tunable, compact X‐ray sources, with potential applications including hyperspectral X‐ray fluoroscopy and X‐ray quantum optics.
Farm‐level impacts of the CAP post‐2020 reform: A scenario‐based analysis
Authors: Petsakos Athanasios , Ciaian Pavel , Espinosa Maria , Perni Angel , Kremmydas Dimitrios 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe analyze the farm‐level economic and environmental impacts of the post‐2020 reform of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union, examining six scenarios constructed around the budget allocated to eco‐schemes and the stringency of enhanced conditionality. Results suggest that the CAP post‐2020 can improve environmental performance but at a cost for farms. Enhanced conditionality appears to play a greater role than eco‐schemes in delivering environmental improvements. The new CAP provides the Member States ample options to choose among different measures. The optimal policy mix will depend on the balancing of income support versus environmental performance that reflects policy priorities.
Results and insights from a phase I clinical trial of Lomecel‐B for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Brody Mark , Agronin Marc , Herskowitz Brad J. , Bookheimer Susan Y. , Small Gary W. , Hitchinson Benjamin , Ramdas Kevin , Wishard Tyler , McInerney Katalina Fernández , Vellas Bruno , Sierra Felipe , Jiang Zhijie , Mcclain‐Moss Lisa , Perez Carmen , Fuquay Ana , Rodriguez Savannah , Hare Joshua M. , Oliva Anthony A. , Baumel Bernard 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHypothesisWe hypothesized that Lomecel‐B, an allogeneic medicinal signaling cell (MSC) therapeutic candidate for Alzheimer's disease (AD), is safe and potentially disease‐modifying via pleiotropic mechanisms of action.Key PredictionsWe prospectively tested the predictions that Lomecel‐B administration to mild AD patients is safe (primary endpoint) and would provide multiple exploratory indications of potential efficacy in clinical and biomarker domains (prespecified secondary/exploratory endpoints).Strategy and Key ResultsMild AD patient received a single infusion of low‐ or high‐dose Lomecel‐B, or placebo, in a double‐blind, randomized, phase I trial. The primary safety endpoint was met. Fluid‐based and imaging biomarkers indicated significant improvement in the Lomecel‐B arms versus placebo. The low‐dose Lomecel‐B arm showed significant improvements versus placebo on neurocognitive and other assessments.InterpretationOur results support the safety of Lomecel‐B for AD, suggest clinical potential, and provide mechanistic insights. This early‐stage study provides important exploratory information for larger efficacy‐powered clinical trials.
Metal‐Corrole‐Based Porous Organic Polymers for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Reactions
Authors: Lei Haitao , Zhang Qingxin , Liang Zuozhong , Guo Hongbo , Wang Yabo , Lv Haoyuan , Li Xialiang , Zhang Wei , Apfel Ulf‐Peter , Cao Rui 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntegrating molecular catalysts into designed frameworks often enables improved catalysis. Compared with porphyrin‐based frameworks, metal‐corrole‐based frameworks have been rarely developed, although monomeric metal corroles are usually more efficient than porphyrin counterparts for the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). We herein report on metal‐corrole‐based porous organic polymers (POPs) as ORR and OER electrocatalysts. M‐POPs (M=Mn, Fe, Co, Cu) were synthesized by coupling metal 10‐phenyl‐5,15‐(4‐iodophenyl)corrole with tetrakis(4‐ethynylphenyl)methane. Compared with metal corrole monomers, M‐POPs displayed significantly enhanced catalytic activity and stability. Co‐POP outperformed other M‐POPs by achieving four‐electron ORR with a half‐wave potential of 0.87 V vs. RHE and reaching 10 mA cm−2 OER current density at 340 mV overpotential. This work is unparalleled to develop and explore metal‐corrole‐based POPs as electrocatalysts.
Reaction Rate Acceleration of Cooperative Catalytic Systems: Metal Nanoparticles and Lewis Acids in Arene Hydrogenation
Authors: Miyamura Hiroyuki , Kobayashi Shū 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEmploying two distinct catalysts in one reaction medium synergistically is a powerful strategy for activating less reactive substrates. Although the approach has been well‐developed in homogeneous conditions, it remains challenging and rare in heterogeneous catalysis, especially under gas‐liquid‐solid multiphase reaction conditions. Here, we describe the development of cooperative and synergistic catalyst systems of heterogeneous Rh‐Pt bimetallic nanoparticle catalysts, Rh‐Pt/DMPSi‐Al2O3, and Sc(OTf)3 in the liquid phase for the hydrogenation of arenes under very mild conditions. Dramatic rate acceleration was achieved with cooperative activation. Remarkably, more challenging substrates that contained strong electron‐donating groups and sterically hindered substituents were smoothly hydrogenated. Mechanistic insights into the cooperative activation of an aromatic substrate by heterogeneous metal nanoparticles and a soluble Lewis acid was obtained by kinetic studies and by direct observation of 1H and 45Sc NMR spectra.