bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Five‐year follow‐up of intracoronary autologous cell therapy in acute myocardial infarction: the REGENERATE‐AMI trial
Authors: Mathur Anthony , Sim Doo Sun , Choudry Fizzah , Veerapen Jessry , Colicchia Martina , Turlejski Tymoteusz , Hussain Mohsin , Hamshere Stephen , Locca Didier , Rakhit Roby , Crake Tom , Kastrup Jens , Agrawal Samir , Jones Daniel A. , Martin John 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimsThe long‐term outcomes of the intracoronary delivery of autologous bone marrow‐derived cells (BMCs) after acute myocardial infarction are not well established. Following the promising 1 year results of the REGENERATE‐AMI trial (despite it not achieving its primary endpoint), this paper presents the analysis of the 5 year clinical outcomes of these acute myocardial infarction patients who were treated with an early intracoronary autologous BMC infusion or placebo.Methods and resultsA 5 year follow‐up of major adverse cardiac events (defined as the composite of all‐cause death, recurrent myocardial infarction, and all coronary revascularization) and of rehospitalization for heart failure was completed in 85 patients (BMC n = 46 and placebo n = 39). The incidence of major adverse cardiac events was similar between the BMC‐treated patients and the placebo group (26.1% vs. 18.0%, P = 0.41). There were no cases of cardiac death in either group, but an increase in non‐cardiac death was seen in the BMC group (6.5% vs. 0%, P = 0.11). The rates of recurrent myocardial infarction and repeat revascularization were similar between the two groups. There were no cases of rehospitalization for heart failure in either group.ConclusionThis 5 year follow‐up analysis of the REGENERATE‐AMI trial did not show an improvement in clinical outcomes for patients treated with cell therapy. This contrasts with the 1 year results which showed improvements in the surrogate outcome measures of ejection fraction and myocardial salvage index.
π‐Extended Helical Nanographenes: Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Naphtho[1,2‐a]pyrenes**
Authors: Chalifoux Wesley A. , Sitaula Paban , Malone Ryan J. , Longhi Giovanna , Abbate Sergio , Gualtieri Eva , Lucotti Andrea , Tommasini Matteo , Franzini Roberta , Villani Claudio , Catalano Vincent J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA mild and efficient synthesis of a broad scope of substituted naphtho[1,2‐a]pyrene derivatives was accomplished in good yields using an InCl3/AgNTf2‐mediated two‐fold alkyne benzannulation reaction. HPLC enantiomeric separation was achieved and the interconversion barriers have been determined. The ECD spectra of two derivatives were recorded and interpreted through TD‐DFT calculations. Raman spectra were also recorded and predicted through DFT calculations.
Genome‐wide association studies of 27 accelerometry‐derived physical activity measurements identified novel loci and genetic mechanisms
Authors: Qi Guanghao , Dutta Diptavo , Leroux Andrew , Ray Debashree , Muschelli John , Crainiceanu Ciprian , Chatterjee Nilanjan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPhysical inactivity (PA) is an important risk factor for a wide range of diseases. Previous genome‐wide association studies (GWAS), based on self‐reported data or a small number of phenotypes derived from accelerometry, have identified a limited number of genetic loci associated with habitual PA and provided evidence for involvement of central nervous system in mediating genetic effects. In this study, we derived 27 PA phenotypes from wrist accelerometry data obtained from 88,411 UK Biobank study participants. Single‐variant association analysis based on mixed‐effects models and transcriptome‐wide association studies (TWAS) together identified 5 novel loci that were not detected by previous studies of PA, sleep duration and self‐reported chronotype. For both novel and previously known loci, we discovered associations with novel phenotypes including active‐to‐sedentary transition probability, light‐intensity PA, activity during different times of the day and proxy phenotypes to sleep and circadian patterns. Follow‐up studies including TWAS, colocalization, tissue‐specific heritability enrichment, gene‐set enrichment and genetic correlation analyses indicated the role of the blood and immune system in modulating the genetic effects and a secondary role of the digestive and endocrine systems. Our findings provided important insights into the genetic architecture of PA and its underlying mechanisms.
Numerical study on combined convection heat transfer flow problem in a porous corrugated enclosure
Authors: Choudhary Pankaj , Ray Rajendra K. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this study, we numerically analyzed the unsteady two‐dimensional combined convection flow problem in a porous‐corrugated enclosure whose upper wall is moving with uniform velocity associated with sinusoidal temperature distribution. The vertical sidewalls of the porous‐corrugated enclosure are kept at constant cold temperature while square‐shaped undulations at the bottom wall are discretely heated. Five different cases are considered depending on the discrete isothermal heating. In this paper, we have used the vorticity‐stream‐function formulation of the Brinkmann‐extended Darcy model to numerically simulate the momentum transfer in a porous‐corrugated enclosure. A transformation‐free higher‐order compact (HOC) scheme is used to discretize the nonlinear coupled transport equations, and an advanced iterative solver, like the hybrid‐bi‐conjugate‐gradient stabilized technique, is used to solve the system of algebraic equations generated from the numerical discretization. The present higher‐order compact scheme is fourth‐order accurate in space coordinates and second‐order accurate in the time variable. The numerically simulated results are analyzed over a range of key parameters, like Darcy number , Reynolds Number , Prandtl number , and with fixed high Grashof number , to study the effects of these leading parameters on the characteristics of heat transfer, fluid flow and isothermal distributions in the porous‐corrugated enclosure. These numerically computed results are presented in the form of streamlines, isotherms, Nusselt number plots, and so forth. Our computed results show numerous flow features which have not been studied previously.
The impact of partially absorbable midurethral slings in stress urinary incontinence surgery: A cohort study
Authors: Ng‐Stollmann Nathalie , Fünfgeld Christian , Hüsch Tanja 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the performance of retropubic midurethral slings (MUS) for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI) at a certified continence center and to identify risk factors for sling failure.MethodsThis was a single‐center cohort study including women who underwent a retropubic MUS procedure for SUI between 2012 and 2019 with a follow up of 12 months. Primary end point was cure of SUI assessed using the validated questionnaire International Consultation of Incontinence Questionnaire—Urinary Incontinence—Short Form. Univariate and multivariate analyses were applied to identify risk factors for sling failure. Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests were used as paired samples tests. The significance level was set at 5%.ResultsA total of 662 women with a median age of 65 years (interquartile range 19 years) were included in the investigation; 523 (79.0%) presented with complicated SUI. Cure was reported by 213 (32.2%) women. Independent predictors for failure were obesity, pharmacotherapy for overactive bladder, postoperative sling adjustment, and use of partially absorbable mesh, which was correlated with a 56% decrease in the odds for achieving cure.ConclusionThis investigation questions the role of partially absorbable mesh for stress urinary incontinence procedures and scrutinizes the use of implants with inadequate clinical evidence.
Native‐tissue prolapse repair: Efficacy and adverse effects of uterosacral ligaments suspension at 10‐year follow up
Authors: Cola Alice , Marino Giuseppe , Milani Rodolfo , Barba Marta , Volontè Silvia , Spelzini Federico , Manodoro Stefano , Frigerio Matteo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the 10‐year outcomes of high uterosacral ligaments suspension as a primary repair for apical prolapse and to evaluate the long‐term impact of prognostic factors.MethodsA retrospective study analyzed 10‐year follow up after repair of primary apical prolapse through high uterosacral ligament suspension. Bulging symptoms and postoperative prolapse stage II or above were considered subjective and objective recurrences, respectively. Patient Global Impression of Improvement score was used to evaluate subjective satisfaction after surgery.ResultsA total of 287 women were analyzed. Ten‐year recurrence rates were 19.1% for objective recurrence and 6.3% for subjective recurrence; surgical retreatment rate was 2.1%. Premenopausal status was related to 15‐fold increased risk of developing either objective or subjective recurrence. Conversely, anterior and posterior repair were protective factors against reoperation.ConclusionHigh uterosacral ligaments suspension is a safe and long‐lasting effective procedure for the treatment of uterovaginal prolapse even 10 years after index surgery. Premenopausal status and lack of anterior and posterior repair represented long‐term risk factors for surgical failure.
Can sonographic fetal head circumference measurement help predict obstetric anal sphincter injury?
Authors: Ortega Marcus V. , Kim Youngwu , Leung Katherine , Weinstein Milena , Leftwich Heidi K. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether sonographic fetal head circumference (sfHC) size assessed by ultrasound prenatally could help predict OASIS.MethodsThis study is a retrospective cohort study between 2005 and 2016. Antenatal sfHC assessment, maternal demographics, and labor and delivery data were abstracted and compared in women with and without OASIS.ResultsOf 2057 pregnant women that had sfHC assessment, 121 (5.8%) had OASIS. In the unadjusted analysis, sfHC above the 90th centile was associated with OASIS (odds ratio [OR] 1.12; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.23; P = 0.015). When adjusted for gestational age at delivery, maternal age, race, prolonged second stage, body mass index, infant gender, and intrapartum oxytocin use, sfHC above the 90th centile remained significantly associated with OASIS (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.00–1.27, P = 0.050).ConclusionIn our cohort, sfHC above the 90th centile was associated with a greater risk of OASIS. As OASIS significantly impacts both short‐term and long‐term health outcomes, such as perineal pain, dyspareunia, and urinary and fecal incontinence, sfHC could be an additional prenatal marker to help clinicians counsel pregnant women about the risk of OASIS.
Maternal and perinatal complications according to maternal age: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Saccone Gabriele , Gragnano Elisabetta , Ilardi Bernadette , Marrone Vincenzo , Strina Ida , Venturella Roberta , Berghella Vincenzo , Zullo Fulvio 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the risk levels for maternal and perinatal complications at > 40, > 45 and > 50 years old compared with younger controls.MethodsElectronic databases were searched from their inception until March 2021. We included studies reporting pregnancy outcome in pregnant women aged 40, 45, and 50 years or older compared with controls at the time of delivery. Case reports and case series were excluded. The primary outcome was the incidence of stillbirth. Meta‐analysis was performed using the random effects model of DerSimonian and Laird, to produce summary treatment effects in terms of relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity was measured using I2 (Higgins I2). Subgroup analyses in women older than 45 years and in those older than 50 years were performed.ResultsTwenty‐seven studies, including 31 090 631 women, were included in the meta‐analysis. The overall quality of the included studies was moderate to high. Most of the included studies were retrospective cohort studies (21/27), four were population‐based studies, and two were cross‐sectional studies. Women aged ≥40 years had significantly higher risk of stillbirth (RR 2.16, 95% CI 1.86–2.51), perinatal mortality, intrauterine growth restriction, neonatal death, admission to neonatal intensive care unit, pre‐eclampsia, preterm delivery, cesarean delivery, and maternal mortality compared with women younger than 40 years old (RR 3.18, 95% CI 1.68–5.98). The increased risks for maternal mortality were 42.76 and 11.60 for women older than 50 years and for those older than 45 years, respectively, whereas those for stillbirth were 3.72 and 2.32. The risk of stillbirth and cesarean delivery was significantly higher in women >45 years compared with those aged 40–45 years, and in those aged >50 years compared with those aged 45–50 years. The risk of maternal mortality was significantly higher in women aged >50 years compared with those aged 40–45 (RR 60.40, 95% CI 13.28–274.74).ConclusionThe risk of stillbirth, cesarean delivery, and maternal mortality increases with advancing maternal age. The risk ratios for maternal mortality were 3.18, 11.60, and 42.76 in women older than 40, older than 45, and older than 50 years, respectively. These data should be used when women with advanced maternal age are counseled regarding their risk in pregnancy.Systematic Review RegistrationThe review was registered with the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (registration No.: CRD42020208788).
An ultrasonography‐based approach for tissue modelling to inform photo‐therapy treatment strategies
Authors: Kallepalli Akhil , Halls James , James David B. , Richardson Mark A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCurrently, diagnostic medicine uses a multitude of tools ranging from ionising radiation to histology analysis. With advances in piezoelectric crystal technology, high‐frequency ultrasound imaging has developed to achieve comparatively high resolution without the drawbacks of ionising radiation. This research proposes a low‐cost, non‐invasive and real‐time protocol for informing photo‐therapy procedures using ultrasound imaging. We combine currently available ultrasound procedures with Monte Carlo methods for assessing light transport and photo‐energy deposition in the tissue. The measurements from high‐resolution ultrasound scans are used as input for optical simulations. Consequently, this provides a pipeline that will inform medical practitioners for better therapy strategy planning. While validating known inferences of light transport through biological tissue, our results highlight the range of information such as temporal monitoring and energy deposition at varying depths. This process also retains the flexibility of testing various wavelengths for individual‐specific geometries and anatomy.
Immunomodulatory properties of nanostructured systems for cancer therapy
Authors: Comparetti Edson J. , Ferreira Natalia N. , Ferreira Leonardo M. B. , Kaneno Ramon , Zucolotto Valtencir 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBased on statistical data reported in 2020, cancer was responsible for approximately 10 million deaths. Furthermore, 17 million new cases were diagnosed worldwide. Nanomedicine and immunotherapy have shown satisfactory clinical results among all scientific and technological alternatives for the treatment of cancer patients. Immunotherapy‐based treatments comprise the consideration of new alternatives to hinder neoplastic proliferation and to reduce adverse events in the body, thereby promoting immune destruction of diseased cells. Additionally, nanostructured systems have been proven to elicit specific immune responses that may enhance anti‐tumor activity. A new generation of nanomedicines, based on biomimetic and bioinspired systems, has been proposed to target tumors by providing immunomodulatory features and by enabling recovery of human immune destruction capacity against cancer cells. This review provides an overview of the aspects and the mechanisms by which nanomedicines can be used to enhance clinical procedures using the immune modulatory responses of nanoparticles (NPs) in the host defense system. We initially outline the cancer statistics for conventional and new treatment approaches providing a brief description of the human host defense system and basic principles of NP interactions with monocytes, leukocytes, and dendritic cells for the modulation of antitumor immune responses. A report on different biomimetic and bioinspired systems is also presented here and their particularities in cancer treatments are addressed, highlighting their immunomodulatory properties. Finally, we propose future perspectives regarding this new therapeutic strategy, highlighting the main challenges for future use in clinical practice.
Methylglyoxal induces ambience for cancer promotion in HepG2 cells via Warburg effect and promotes glycation
Authors: Sruthi C R , Raghu K. G. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMethylglyoxal (MGO) is a toxic, highly reactive metabolite derived mainly from glucose and amino acids degradation. MGO is also one of the prime precursors for advanced glycation end products formation. The present research was performed to check whether MGO has any role in the promotion of cancer in HepG2 cells. For this, cells were incubated with MGO (50 µM) for 24 h and subjected to various analyses. Aminoguanidine (200 µM) was positive control. The various biochemical and protein expression studies, relevant to the MGO detoxification system, oxidative stress, and glycolysis were performed. MGO caused the reduction of expression of GLO 1 (27%) and GLO 2 (11%) causing weakening of the innate detoxification system. This is followed by an increase of RAGE (95%), AGEs or methylglyoxal adducts. We also observed hypoxia via estimation of oxygen consumption rate and surplus reactive oxygen species (ROS) (24%). To investigate the off‐target effect of MGO we checked its effect on glucose transport, and its associated proteins. Glucose uptake was found to increase (15%) significantly with overexpression of GLUT 1 (35%). We also found a significant increase of glycolytic enzymes such as hexokinase II, phosphofructokinase 1, and lactate dehydrogenase along with lactate production. Observation of surplus ROS and enhanced glycolysis led us to check the expression of HIF 1α which is their downstream signaling pathway. Interestingly HIF 1α was found to increase significantly (35%). It is known that enhanced glycolysis and oxidative stress are catalysts for the overexpression of HIF 1α which in turn creates an ambience for the promotion of cancer. Aminoguanidine was able to prevent the adverse effect of MGO partially. This is the first study to show the potential of MGO for the promotion of cancer in the non‐tumorigenic HepG2 cells via the Warburg effect and glycation.
Helping patients master core conflictual relationship themes in psychotherapy
Authors: Grenyer Brin F. S. , Marceau Ely M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAn important component of case formulation is to understand the patient's difficulties in the context of their relationships. The Core Conflictual Relationship Theme (CCRT) method provides a clinical guide for understanding the narratives of relationship conflicts told during therapy. We follow the case of Barbara, a 60 year old with a long history of chronic shyness. Her narratives follow a common CCRT: she wishes to feel safe, but fears that others are out to get her, which makes her withdraw. These patterns have pervasively repeated themselves in the past, present, and across different relationships (self, family, partners, colleagues). The therapist responds carefully by creating safety, tolerating her fears, and working to overcome these CCRT patterns, thus reducing her impulse to withdraw from treatment. Psychotherapists from many theoretical orientations can learn how patients mastering these repetitive negative CCRTs can lead to more adaptive relationship patterns that improve their mental health.
Motivational dynamics in basic needs profiles: Toward a person‐centered motivation approach in engineering education
Authors: Bombaerts Gunter , Vaessen Bram 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhile educators strive for optimal student motivation to enhance the quality of learning for all, different students attending the same course can have different needs. Person‐centered approaches on basic needs profiles, categorizing individuals into groups with similar motivational profiles, have the potential to inform the relationship between different variables per cluster and to support instructional design sensitive to student differences. However, they are still absent in engineering education research (EER).Purpose/HypothesisThis gap is addressed by analyzing the basic psychological needs of engineering students as potential mediators during a mandatory, first‐year course on the ethics and history of technology. The aims are thus to (1) determine whether distinct basic needs profiles can be identified and (2) investigate how students' motivation differed and evolved during the course for the different basic needs profiles.Design/MethodsTwo‐step cluster analyses, MANOVA, andt‐test analyses were conducted using the data collected from 1864 students with digital questionnaires completed at three points within a semester of a course.ResultsWe construed four student profiles from the survey data based on the distinct roles of competence and autonomy, with post hoc tests showing relationships between meaningful differences in evaluation of course elements, motivation, course appreciations, and motivation dynamics.ConclusionsThe person‐centered approach is promising in engineering education design to answer differences in students' basic needs to improve the quality of learning for all. We showed that the person‐centered approach could also add important insights complementary to the variable‐centered approach in EER on dynamics of motivation for learning.
Quantification of the NA dependent change of shape in the image formation of a z‐polarized fluorescent molecule using vectorial diffraction simulations
Authors: Ströhl Florian , Bruggeman Ezra , Rowlands Christopher J. , Wolfson Deanna L. , Ahluwalia Balpreet S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe point spread function of a fixed fluorophore with its dipole axis colinear to the optical axis appears donut‐shaped when seen through a microscope, and its light distribution in the pupil plane is radially polarized. Yet other techniques, such as photolithography, report that this same light distribution in the pupil plane appears as a solid spot. How can this same distribution lead to a spot in one case but a donut in the other? Here, we show how the tube lens of the system plays a critical role in determining this shape. Using a vectorial treatment of image formation, we simulate the relative contributions of both longitudinal and radial components to the image of a dipole emitter and thus show how the donut (typically reported for z‐polarized single molecule fluorescence microscopy) transforms into a solid spot (as commonly reported for photolithography) as the numerical aperture of the tube lens increases. We find that the transition point occurs around 0.7 NA, which is significantly higher than used for most microscopy systems and lower than for common photolithography systems, thus resolving the seeming paradox of dipole shape.