bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clustering as Data Mining Technique in Risk Factors Analysis of Diabetes, Hypertension and Obesity.
Authors: Ahamad Mohammed Gulam , Ahmed Mohammed Faisal , Uddin Mohammed Yousuf 
Published: February 2022

This investigation explores data mining using open source software WEKA in health care application. The cluster analysis technique is utilized to study the effects of diabetes, obesity and hypertension from the database obtained from Virginia school of Medicine. The simple k-means cluster techniques are adopted to form ten clusters which are clearly discernible to distinguish the differences among the risk factors such as diabetes, obesity and hypertension. Cluster formation was tried by trial and error method and also kept the SSE as low as possible. The SSE is low when numbers of clusters are more. Less than ten clusters formation unable to yield distinguishable information. In this work each cluster is revealing quit important information about the diabetes, obesity, hypertension and their interrelation. Cluster 0: Diabetes ? Obesity ? Hypertension = Healthy patient, Cluster 1: Diabetes ? Obesity ? Hypertension = Healthy patient, Cluster2: Diabetes ? Obesity ? Hypertension = Obesity, Cluster3: Diabetes ? Obesity ? Hypertension = Patients with Obesity and Hypertension, Cluster4: Boarder line Diabetes ? Obesity ? Hypertension = Sever obesity, Cluster5: Obesity ? Hyper tension ? Diabetes = Hypertension, Cluster6: Border line obese ? Border line hypertension ? Diabetes = No serious complications, Cluster 7: Obesity ? Hypertension ? Diabetes= Healthy patients, Cluster 8: Obesity ? Hypertension ? Diabetes= Healthy patients, and Cluster 9: Diabetes ? Hyper tension ? Obesity = High risk unhealthy patients.
An Exploratory Research on Virtual Reality and How it Affects Future of Shopping and Immerging Fields
Authors: Sharma Saurabh , Bach Christian 
Published: February 2022

As we move towards future the advancement in technology and its methodologies are taking place more frequently than imagined. In every single stream the changes are vivid prominent, whether it be Computers, Genetic engineering or Nano technology. On this run we have generated the whole new dimension of technology know as virtual reality or (VR), this investigation is focused on its related field and the impact that virtual reality persist over the future of fast growing technologies specifically on augmented reality and shopping.
Overview and Prospect of Off-Shore Floating Nuclear Power Plant in Bangladesh
Authors: Abdussami Muhammad R. , Alam Tahmid , Ferdous A.H.M Iftekharul , Rahman Galib Nakib 
Published: February 2022

“Off-shore floating nuclear power plant (OFNP)” is a new concept in the era of secured electric power generation process though the concept of “Floating Nuclear Power Plant” and “Off-shore Power Plant” is not a new concept. We have tried to give a view of the OFNP concept to immune the effect of earthquake, tsunami on the nuclear power plant for Bangladesh. A group of researchers throughout world is also doing project on this. Sitting on two mutual technology: “light-water nuclear reactors” and “offshore oil and gas drilling platform”, this concept has a lot of aspects to reduce the effect of natural disaster. This concept describes simplified construction, low environmental impact, safety of the nuclear reactor, specialized facility of decommissioning, reliable cooling system, safely transmission of the electric power. As the demand of electricity is increasing in Bangladesh due to increased number of population, the government of Bangladesh is trying to introduce the new mode of electricity generation; Nuclear power. The concept of the OFNP might be best choice in this sector due to different factors and facilities. This paper shows the prospect of OFNP in Bangladesh.
Dielectric Properties of Polymer Blends Using Least Square Method
Authors: Mahmoud Ahmed Mohammed , Nasrat Loai S. , Ibrahim Abd Allah Ahmed 
Published: February 2022

Poly vinyl chloride (PVC) is widely used in high and medium voltage cables insulation due to its low dielectric losses and its ability to improve cables properties in high temperatures. This paper aims to improve PVC electrical properties (dielectric strength) for high voltage and medium voltage cables in respect of mechanical characteristics by adding ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM). Blends of PVC with EPDM were prepared with 0%, 20%, 35%, 50%, 65%, 80%, and 100% by weight percentages concentration. The dielectric strength of the blends was tested in several conditions such as dry, wet and salty wet condition. Tensile strength test was applied to check mechanical properties of the blends. Results were analyzed using least square method in a way to determine the optimum percentage of mixing PVC/EPDM blend, which gives the best of electrical and mechanical properties under different conditions.
From Requirements Engineering to UML using Natural Language Processing – Survey Study
Authors: Dawood Omer Salih , Sahraoui Abd-El-Kader 
Published: February 2022

In the paper process of moving from software requirements to UML diagrams has been studied. It shows the importance of this process and discusses many comparative studies in the field. A questionnaire related to the study was distributed worldwide to many research groups, academia, and industry to know the current status of using requirement management tools, knowledge of using UML in software development, frequently used UML diagrams, and the methodology used to generate UML diagrams from requirements. The paper emphasises that there is a need to do some important research in the area of requirements NLP to obtain UML diagrams, and generalize process of using automatic or semi-automatic methodology to generate UML diagrams from requirements.
Removal of Chromium from Waste Water Using Yam Peel Activated Carbon
Authors: Utsev Terlumun Joseph , Onah M. O. 
Published: February 2022

The paper examined the use of yam peel to develop an adsorbent material with good surface characteristics for the removal of chromium (vi) from waste water. Activated carbons were produced from yam peel under varying conditions; temperature, time and preparation sequence in order to determine the optimum conditions. It's efficiency on the adsorption of chromium from waste water was investigated through batch adsorption studies using direct reading spectrophotometer. Samples of yam peels, 100g each were carbonized under varying temperatures of 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500ºC ,with varying carbonization time of 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 minutes. The result revealed that 80% of chromium was removed at 200ºC and 40 minutes as the optimum carbonization temperature and time respectively. Effect of preparation sequence was equally evaluated, i.e. raw (powdered form), carbonization without activation, activation with (ZnCL2) before carbonization and activation after carbonization with (ZnCL2) and their adsorbing capacities under an initial concentration of 0.05mg/l were obtained to be 20, 100,100 and 60% respectively. Further increase in concentration results in 100% chromium removal for activation before carbonization and 80% for carbonization without activation. Hence, yam peel activated carbon is recommended for the removal of chromium from wastewater using activation before carbonization procedure at the above optimum conditions.
Economic Assessment of a PV/Diesel/Battery Hybrid Energy System for a Non-Electrified Remote Village in Nigeria
Authors: Bukar Abba Lawan , Modu Babangida , Gwoma Zainab Musa , Mustapha Musa , Buji Abdulrahman Babagana , Lawan Musa Baba , Tijjani Ibrahim , Benisheik Umar Ali , Bukar Adam , Mai Kalli Baba 
Published: February 2022

Nigeria has a large number of remote areas that are not being electrified, this is because the power generated is less than the demand of the country. Garundole village is a typical example, with a population of about 270 is not connected to the main grid. Currently load shedding is being practiced by the Power Holding Company of Nigeria (PHCN) to dispatch the power being generated. Moreover, majority of the people leaving in these remote villages depend mostly on diesel power generator. Thus, there is a need to have an independent generating station for such kind of remote village to ease the living conditions of its inhabitants. This paper therefore, reports the economic assessment of PV/diesel/battery hybrid off-grid energy system as an alternative solution to these remote villages. In this regard, three different system configurations is being be studied and analyzed using HOMER optimization software to carry out the economic analysis of the systems and its technical feasibility. The systems include; standalone diesel generator, hybrid PV/diesel with battery storage and hybrid PV/diesel without battery storage. The result obtained from the study shows that a hybrid PV/diesel with a backup battery has the potential capabilities of replacing diesel powered generator used by individual households independently.
Alternative Air-Conditioning Options for Developing Countries
Authors: Kashif Muhammad , Sultan Muhammad , Khan Zahid Mahmood 
Published: February 2022

This study assesses the potential selection of efficient air-conditioning (AC) and cooling systems in order to avoid excess power consumption, mitigation of harmful refrigerants generated by the existing AC systems. Several varieties of active and passive air-conditioning systems i.e. heating ventilating air-conditioning (HVAC), vapor compression air-conditioning (VCAC) conventional direct evaporative cooling (DEC) and indirect evaporative cooling (IEC) and desiccant air-conditioning (DAC) systems are under practice for the cooling and dehumidification. The storage of agricultural products mainly based on product individual characteristics i.e. respiration rate, transpiration rate and moisture content of that product. Variant ambient air conditions and the type of application are the main parameters for the choice of air-conditioning system to get optimum performance. The DAC system subsidize the coefficient of performance (COP) in humid regions, coastal ranges of developing countries e.g. Karachi and Gawadar (Pakistan) with hot humid climatic conditions. In similar way, hottest regions of the country such as Sibbi, Jacobabad and Multan perform better results when incorporates with M-cycle evaporative cooling system. Variation in ambient air conditions directly affect the cooling load and the choice of sustainable air-conditioning system
Thermodynamic – Informational Paradigm in the Context of the Formation of a Mathematical Model of Transient Processes in an Open System
Authors: Ismailov Bahram Israfil 
Published: February 2022

In this article the theoretical substantiation on the developed mathematical model of the analysis of transient processes of interacting heterogeneous hyperchaotic systems of fractional order is given. The model represents a thermodynamically spectrum of the dimensions of Poincare’s return time. The thermodynamic category in open system is the entropy of Tsallis in fractional space.
Internet of Things in Automated Production
Authors: Mendes Cleiton , Osaki Raphael , Da Costa Cesar 
Published: February 2022

Industry 4.0 is being presented as the fourth industrial revolution in which intelligent machines, advanced sensors, and smart logistic networks and suppliers will be connected to the internet of things. Such an intelligent network would create a cyber-physical system that scan store all of the supply chain data in the cloud and allow access to these data through different devices connected to the internet. Thus, the factory of the future could be established. This project proposes the creation of a manufacturing cell at the shop floor level based on the concepts of Industry 4.0. The effects on production of industry 4.0 emerging with this mind is very important. Therefore, the impacts in production of industry 4.0 are examined in this paper.
Improvement The Mechanical Properties of Styrene Butadiene Rubber By Using Silica Fume
Authors: Salman Ali Abed 
Published: February 2022

Styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) is considered to be one of the greatest important polymeric materials used as a bond, so we discussed in this study to improve its properties .This study covers the effect of silica fume on mechanical properties of styrene butadiene rubber reinforced with silica fume. The composites were prepared with (1 to 3 wt. %) of silica fume particles .The results had indicated that the tensile strength and flexural strength are improved by (11.6% and 13.5%) respectively at 2 wt% and the hardness is improved by (9.3%) at 3wt%.
Cost and Efficiency Analysis of PV Transformer-Less Inverter Topology to Grid Connection
Authors: Noor Shahreen , Khan Md. Noman Habib , Al Woadud K.M. Abdul 
Published: February 2022

Photovoltaic (PV) inverters bear a part and parcel role due to cost and power efficiency where it can be used either in Transformer based system or Transformer-less system. Both system even though the renewable energy which is fully Environmental friendly, however some limitations such as bulky system, maintenance cost increasing indicate for avoiding the Transformer based inverter. In contrast, Transformer -less inverter topology is recovering the TRX based issue and to reduce the overall system cost size with high efficiency. In this paper, Transformer -based inverters have been discussed as well as Transformer –less (TRX) inverter topologies and main focusing part is the cost analysis of TRX inverter topology to grid connection and the different marking process of PV-TRX Inverter Topology to Grid Connection has been shown as well as comparison will be shown with Bangladesh.
Influence of Extrusion-Cooking Conditions on Corn Pasta Quality
Authors: El-Bialee Nazeer , Saad AbdelGawad Mohammed , El-Didamony Mohamed Ibrahim , Zahran Gamal 
Published: February 2022

Gluten free products remain the cornerstone for celiac patients. Insufficiency, poverty and little offered about gluten free products (quality and quantity) represented a high obstacle for Egyptian celiac patients. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to modify a single screw extruder to produce gluten–free pasta (GFP) (tagliatelle type). The GFP was made from corn flour under screw rotation speed (N) of 10, 25 and 50 rpm at 40, 65, 90 and 115 ºC of barrel temperature (BT). Extruder performance was evaluated as specific mechanical energy (SME) and expansion ratio (Er). The cooking quality of GFP as optimum cooking time (OCT), cooked yield (CY), swelling (Sw), cooking losses (CL) and sensory characteristics (appearance, colour, taste, mouth feel and overall acceptability) were evaluated. The better results of the GFP sensory evaluation were obtained at BT= 80 ºC, N =25 rpm and Er ? 1.38 with OCT ? 3.3 min, CY= 196%, Sw = 210% and CL= 16.3%. All parameters were given a direct proportion with processing variables N and BT, except CL. Furthermore, it can be predicted cooking properties values for GFP by SME value using the following equation; SME » 1.8675 (Er) + 0.8037 » 0.0608 (OCT)1.5984 » 8×10-17 (CY)6.7878 » 2×10-9 (Sw)3.494 » -0.0306 (CL) + 0.7877.
Properties of Different Mortars and their Effect on the Flexural Strength of Low Density Block Walls
Authors: Ahmed Ash , Kamau Jhon 
Published: February 2022

Mortar for masonry is important because it provides the linkage between masonry units so enabling the composite to behave as a single material. The type of mortar used determines the flexural and compressive strength of the masonry so in this paper, a range of mortars are examined and their effects on the flexural strength of low density block walls determined. These include traditional designation (iii) (1 cement : 1 lime : 6 sand), designation (iv) (1 cement : 1 lime : 9 sand) mortars as defined in BS 5628, and two thin layer mortars. The conventional mortars were formed using both 42.5N or 32.5N PC to BS EN 197 in order to ascertain the difference these two cements have on the properties of mortar. The thin layer mortars show remarkably high compressive strength. The characteristic flexural strength of low density aircrete wallettes incorporating both these conventional and thin layer mortars was verified. The wallettes were tested in accordance with British and European standards. The flexural strength of aircrete wallettes was derived from the strength of small specimens tested to destruction under four-point loading. The strengths of the wallettes are high with impressive repeatability with the maximum strength being reached for thin layer wallettes within 7 days curing time. In general the strengths of both conventional mortar and thin layer mortar wallettes compare favourably to values reported in the standards.
Comparative Analysis of Physico-Chemical Parameters of Borehole, Pond and Well Water in Kashere Metropolis
Authors: Gidado Abdulkadir A. , Halliru Ibrahim , Kendeson Christiana Anawuese , Abdullahi Yusuf 
Published: February 2022

In a bid to ascertain the quality of water for human consumption in Kashere Metropolis, essential physico-chemical parameters were evaluated on samples of drinking water obtained from boreholes, pond and wells located at densely populated areas, labelled as: Kashere cattle market Pond, KP; Kashere cottage Hospital Borehole, HB; Kashere Market Borehole, MB; Federal University, Kashere (FUK) campus Borehole, CB; Kashere cottage Hospital Well, HW; Kashere Market Well, MW and FUK campus Well, CW. Standard procedure for the determination of chemical and physical characteristics of the water samples were used. The results of the investigated parameters in the samples were as follows: ?H 6.61?7.96, Turbidity 0.0?2568 FTU, Electrical Conductivity 60.5?1151 Mhocm-1, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) 25.9?518.0 mgL-1, Ca 0.0033?0.5446 ppm, Mg 0.0793?1.2215 ppm, Cd 0.0010?0.0030 ppm, Zn 0.0024?0.l054 ppm, Pb 0.0002?0.0026 ppm and Fe 0.0044?0.5649 ppm. Except for the concentration of Fe (in CB; 0.5649 ppm), all the analyzed minor and major cations in the water samples were in very low concentration and below the permissible limits of WHO standard guidelines values for drinking water. It is recommended that, water from the pond should be properly treated before consumption due to its high turbidity. Also periodic assessment of the quality of drinking water from these water sources should be conducted, to ascertain that they are not contaminated by either or both organic and inorganic pollutants.
Hourly Prediction of Building Energy Consumption: An Incremental ANN Approach
Authors: Shabani Aulon , Zavalani Orion 
Published: February 2022

Rapid growth of buildings energy consumption puts the focus to improve energy efficiency by building engineers and operators. Energy management through forecasting approaches using machine-learning algorithms is an increasing research domain. Most of algorithms focus on predicting energy consumption when a considerable amount of past-observed data exist. In this paper, we focus on the case when small amount of available data exist and the amount of data increases incrementally by time. Artificial Neural Networks used as the learning algorithm take as the training data mini batches of different sizes. Algorithm is evaluated on different batch sizes and compared to baseline learner.
Crystal growth, Dielectric and Thermal Studies on N-Methyl-4-Nitroaniline: Isophthalic Acid Molecular Adduct Crystals
Authors: Lakshmi Ravikumar , Prabukanthan P. 
Published: February 2022

Organic compound N-methyl-4-nitroaniline isophthalic acid (NMNAIPA) needle shaped single crystals with a dimension of 4x1x1 cm3 were grown by slow evaporation technique in methanol as solvent at ambient temperature. The grown single crystals have been analyzed through powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR), carbon NMR (13CNMR), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Raman spectra and UV-Vis spectra. Based on powder XRD patterns, the as-grown NMNAIPA single crystal was a good crystalline in nature. The various planes of reflection have been identified from the powder XRD pattern. It belongs to the monoclinic crystal system. The presences of functional groups were identified from FT-IR and Raman spectra. UV-Vis-NIR spectral analysis showed 74% transmission in the visible region for NMNAIPA crystal. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the as-grown NMNAIPA single crystal was studied as a function of frequency and temperature. Thermo gravimetric (TG) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) techniques were carried out to characterize the thermal behavior and stability of as-grown NMNAIPA single crystal. It has thermal stability around 421 K. The nonlinear optical (NLO) activity test using a pulsed Nd:YAG laser confirms the generation of second harmonics and it shows 1.25 times relatively greater than KDP.
Performance Analysis of Permutation Matrix Zero Cross Correlation Code for SAC-OCDMA Systems
Authors: Nisar Kottakkaran Soopy , Sarangal Himali , Thapar Simrandeep Singh , Qutubuddin Mohammed , Rahmath Mohammed 
Published: February 2022

SAC-OCDMA systems are picking up prominence because of their property of low Multiple Access Interference (MAI). This paper deals with zero cross-correlation (ZCC) by considering permutation matrices (PM). The properties and performance analysis of PM-ZCC code are given in this study. The obtained results have shown that PM-ZCC code can achieve better BER for more number of users. In PM-ZCC code, the code length is neither too short nor too long which is the good property of encoder-decoder design structure.
Delineating Drought Risk Areas Using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems– A Case Study of Western Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea
Authors: Korada Nicholas , Sekac Tingneyuc , Jana Sujoy Kumar , Pal Dilip Kumar 
Published: February 2022

In the highlands of Papua New Guinea, rain-fed subsistence farming has been the main source of food and small cash earnings for the majority of the rural population. Consequently, as a result of elongated period of drought, reduction in food and water supply bring forth starvation / malnutrition led sickness and death, especially when authorities fail to intervene because inaccessibility and remoteness of the highly dissected terrain, as a result relief and basic services don’t reach the hungry mouth on time. Such conditions were reported recently in many parts of Papua New Guinea especially prevalent in coastal regions and uplands of the highlands region. In this study, GIS and Remote Sensing (RS) technology were employed in highlighting and demarcating potential drought risk zones in Western Highlands Province. Basically, several environmental factors like; soil types, NDVI, rainfall, terrain, population demography and surface temperature were prepared and integrated in GIS environment through multi-criteria evaluation techniques where risk areas were identified. The final output generated from factors integration were then assessed and reclassified to indicate levels of drought risk zones from Low, Medium and High. Hence, several built-up areas where then marked on each risk zones in an attempt to highlight the location, distribution and accessibility in respect to the risk areas identified.
Re-Reflection Effect On Shock Waves in Two-Phase Flows through a Tube of Variable Cross-Section
Authors: Pandey Kanti 
Published: February 2022

In present paper Re-reflection effect on shock –waves in two-phase flows through a tube of variable cross-section is considered when particle volume fraction appeared as an additional variable .It is concluded that re-reflected effects reduce the cross sectional area .For two-phase flows when equilibrium is eventually established , presence of particle volume fraction , further reduce the cross – sectional area. One dimensional area relation for a non – uniform , steady flow ahead of a shock is obtained and concluded that all the results are valid for the case when direction of the shock motion and the gas flow ahead of the shock is same . In preparation of graphs Mathematica 7 is used .