bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stalk Borer Control in No-Till Field Corn, 1985
Authors: Bowman J. S. , Everich R. C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This experiment was conducted on the Dan Harvey farm in Epping, NH, where an infestation of stalk borer had occurred the previous year. Both the at-planting time treatment of Furadan 15G and the foliar applications of Pounce 3.2EC at the rates and timing suggested on their labels were made by the grower with conventional equipment. The 10-acre field had not been sown to winter rye the previous fall but contained large patches of grass weeds that would harbor overwintering stalk borer eggs. The field was no-till planted on 34-inch centers to ‘Muncie Chief’ field corn on 16 May using a 4-row White no-till planter equipped with granular applicators. Furadan 15G was applied at a label rate for nematode control which was 12 oz/1000 ft row or 1.7 lb (AI)/acre. The field was planted in a circular pattern starting at 1 edge of the field. The first 16 rows received Furadan 15G directed into the seed and fertilizer opening. This was followed with 4 rows of untreated corn, and this sequence was repeated to give a total of 4 replicates of each treatment to complete the planting of the field. The corn also received 9-19-30 fertilizer at a rate of 500 lb per acre. On 22 May the field was treated with a mixture of Bicep at 2 qts per acre and Roundup at 1 qt per acre to kill the weeds. Pounce 3.2EC was applied at 6 oz per acre (0.15 lb (AI)/acre) using a low pressure (28 gal spray per acre) on 23 May to 80-ft strips running across the corn rows. Alternate 80 ft strips were left untreated. This scheme resulted in 48 × 80 ft plots treated with Pounce 3.2EC alone or left untreated to serve as checks. On 20 Jun, when the plants were in the early whorl stage, 4 replicates of each treatment were evaluated for stalk borer injury by examining 200 corn plants per replicate.
Efficacy of Miticides Against Corn Spider Mites, 1985
Authors: Buschman L. L. , Sloderbeck P. E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This experiment was conducted in furrow-irrigated corn planted at the Garden City Experiment Station in Finney County, KS. Fifteen treatments and a check were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. The plots were 4 rows wide (10 ft) and 50 ft long with a 10-ft border at the end of each plot. Most miticide treatments were applied with a high clearance sprayer using a 10-ft boom extending over 4 rows. Three hollow cone nozzles were directed at each row (1 nozzle directly over the row and 1 on each side of the row on 18-inch drop hoses). The sprayer was calibrated to deliver 20 gal of water with 30 psi of CO2 pressure. One treatment was applied using three 3/4 inch rain drop nozzles mounted on the high clearance sprayer at tassel height between the rows to simulate a chemigation application. This system was calibrated to deliver 5430 gal of water with 20 psi. The treatments were applied on 12 Aug. Mite counts were made by visually searching the leaves on 1 side of 8 flagged plants in each plot for larger mites (mostly adult females). These plants had previously been infested (1 to 2 wk pretreatment) with mites, 4 plants with TSSM from a newly established greenhouse colony, and 4 plants with Banks grass mites from an infested corn field. Pre-treatment counts were made 1-6 Aug and posttreatment counts were made 21-27 Aug. Mite samples were collected with a vacuum sampler from each of the 2 groups of flagged plants in each plot. Forty mites from each sample were selected at random and mounted for microscopic examination and species determination. The percent TSSM in each sample was then calculated. This test was designed to test these miticides against both the Banks grass mite and the TSSM; however, the plots were found to contain predominantly TSSM when the posttreatment counts were made. Therefore, the counts from all 8 plants in each plot were combined for analysis. Grain yields were determined by hand harvesting 40 row-ft from the 2 center rows in each plot 1-4 Sep. All yields were corrected to 15.5% moisture.
First Generation European Corn Borer Control, 1985
Authors: Foster David E. , Wintersteen Wendy K. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The efficacy of 5 granular insecticides for control of European corn borer were tested near Wellman, Washington County, IA. Six treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design and replicated 4 times. Plots measured 28 rows by approximately 500 yds. All treatments were aerially applied on 28 Jun when the crop was in the late whorl to early pretassel state. Weather conditions were clear with a temperature of 84°F. The wind varied from 5-8 mph from the south-southwest. The longitudinal axes of the plots were north-south. Pretreatment counts made 26 Jun, consisted of examining 10 plants at each of 10 locations with each of 4 blocks. The number of plants with shot-hole damage were recorded. Two damaged plants from each location were dissected and the number of ECB larvae recorded. Insecticide efficacy was evaluated on 31 Jul and 1 Aug by removing 20 shot-hole damaged plants from each plot, dissecting them and recording the number of ECB cavities per plant. Plants used in the efficacy evaluation were selected from the eighth row in from the east edge of each plot. Individual plants were selected by walking 20 paces down row 8, then cutting every third plant that exhibited shot-hole damage.
Efficacy of Insecticides Against First Generation European Corn Borer Larvae, 1985
Authors: Higgins R. A. , Moulton M. , Blodgett S. L. , Gibb T. J. , Neumann-Dye P. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Naturally infested mid-to-late whorl stage yellow field corn was treated on 14 Jun ‘85. Eighteen insecticides and 2 untreated control plots were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. All plots were composed of 4 adjacent rows, each 12 m long with 76-cm between-row spacing. Sprays w ere applied in water (20 gpa) with a carbon dioxide-powered backpack sprayer. The boom was equipped with 80 degree hollow cone tips positioned to deliver spray simultaneously through 8 nozzles across 4 rows (2 per row positioned 45 degrees from the vertical). Granular products were applied with custom-modified electric drive Nobel applicators. Band spreaders were positioned approximately 5 cm above the whorl proper and distributed products over a 20-cm band width.
Efficacy of Insecticides Against Second Generation European Corn Borer Larvae, 1985
Authors: Higgins R. A. , Moulton M. , Blodgett S. L. , Gibb T. J. , Neumann-Dye P. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Naturally infested silking stage yellow field corn was treated twice (19 Jul and 29 Jul ‘85). Eighteen insecticides and 2 untreated plots were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. All plots were composed of 4 adjacent rows, each 12 m long with 76 cm between-row spacing. Sprays were applied in water (20 gpa) with a carbon dioxide-powered system mounted above the canopy on a rickshaw-style frame. The boom was equipped with 80 degree hollow cone tips positioned to deliver spray simultaneously through 12 nozzles across 4 rows. For each row, 2 nozzles were positioned on drops and sprayed 45 degrees from the vertical into the ear zone while 1 was positioned to apply spray straight down from above the tassel. Granular products were applied with custom-modified electric drive Noble applicators. Band spreaders were positioned approximately 5 cm above the tassel and distributed products over a 20-cm band width.
Field Corn, Black Cutworm Planting-Time and Rescue Treatments, 1985
Authors: Levine Eli 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A field evaluation of registered and experimental insecticides to control artificial infestations of black cutworm larvae under 2 tillage systems (fall plow, spring disk; no-till) was conducted in Champaign, IL. Corn (Pioneer 3747) was planted in 30-inch rows at a plant population of 26100 on May 9. Sixty plots (32 plots in no-till and 28 plots in conventional till) were established by erecting 6-inch high aluminum barriers over the corn rows immediately after planting. Each plot measured 56 × 7 inches and enclosed an average of 7 corn seeds. Each plot was infested with laboratory-reared black cutworms (fourth to fifth instar) as follows: 2 larvae each on 12 and 17 May and one larva each on 21, 24, 28, 31 May and 4 Jun. All insecticides except the Lorsban 4E rescue treatment were applied on 13 May using either a CO2 sprayer equipped with a 1-nozzle wand for the liquids (Spraying Systems no. 80015E even flat fan nozzle, 3.9 ft/sec, 20 psi, 20 gal water/acre) or a Noble metering unit attached to a bicycle-wheeled applicator for the granules. In the conventionally tilled plots, Ambush, Pydrin, one of the Pounce treatments, and a pre-emergence application of Lorsban were very lightly incorporated into the upper 1 inch of soil with a hand cultivator. In both tillage experiments, the Lorsban 4E rescue treatments were applied when insect damage was first noted on 18 May (corn in spike stage) and existing cut plants were marked at application. In each tillage experiment, treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Seedlings were assessed for cutting damage daily until 17 Jun.
Control of Western Bean Cutworm, Handplots, Hale (Bonny Dam), Co, 1985
Authors: Peairs Frank B. , Pilcher Stanley D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Treatments were applied on 26 Jul ‘85 to pretassel center-pivot irrigated corn. Treatments were applied with a CO2 sprayer calibrated to deliver 11.5 gal/acre at 30 psi through 2 nozzles (8003) mounted on a 2.5-ft boom. Plots were 2 50-ft rows separated with a single buffer row and arranged in a randomized complete block design. Treatments were evaluated on 21 Aug ‘85 by counting the number of live larvae in 10 ears per plot.
Corn Rootworm Control with Nematodes, 1983
Authors: Peters Leroy L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
* These experiments were conducted in Buffalo County, NE. Experiment 1 was center pivot sprinkler irrigated with 4 replications; Experiment 2 was furrow irrigated with three replications. The entomophagous nematodes, Neoaplectana carpocapsae Weiser (Breton Strain), in Experiment 1 were applied at the rate of 70 million nematodes per acre in liquid fertilizer at time of planting on 5 May. In Experiment 2, 50 million nematodes per acre were applied at planting in liquid fertilizer on 11 May. Granular insecticides were applied at planting time by the cooperating farmer in an 18-cm band. Entomophagous and plant pathogenic nematodes were counted by Dr. Eric Kerr, U-N-Panhandle Research and Extension Center, from 2.5 × 20-cm soil samples taken on 14 Jul. Roots were evaluated on 19 Jul on a 1 to 6 damage scale (1 = no damage; 6 = 3 or more nodes of roots destroyed). In Experiment 1 corn was hand harvested from three, 6-m long sections of row within each treatment. The yield data for Experiment 2 was obtained by the cooperating farmer who harvested corn with a combine from 16 rows, 402 m long.
Chemigated and Aerially-Applied Insecticides for Control of First Generation Eurpoean Corn Borer, Wray, Co, 1985
Authors: Pilcher Stanley D. , Peairs Frank B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Aerial treatments were applied on 1 Jul ‘85 with an AgCat G164 A-600 aircraft at 105 mph. The liquid treatment was applied at 2 gal/acre and 25 psi through 20 Whorljet 1/8 B5 nozzles mounted on a 32-ft boom. The granules were applied with a High Volume Transland 4017 granule spreader. The chemigated treatments were applied on 2 Jul ‘85 through a Zimmatic sprinkler with low angle Rainbird nozzles using a Pulsafeeder Hydracone R-l pump. Once-refined soybean oil was used in the insecticide + oil treatments. Treatments were evaluated on 25 Jul ‘85 by dissecting 4 groups of 10 plants per treatment and counting the number of live 3rd-5th stage larvae and cavities per plant.
Cultivation Treatments for Control of European Corn Borer, Wray, Co, 1985
Authors: Pilcher Stanley D. , Peairs Frank B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Treatments were made on 27 Jun ‘85 to 38-44 inch center-pivot irrigated corn. Insecticides were metered with Noble electric units through 7-inch spreaders mounted on a tool bar held 52 inch above the ground. Applications were made at 3 mph. Plots were single 200-ft rows arranged in a randomized complete block design replicated 4 times. Treatments were evaluated on 6 Jul ‘85 by selecting 5 plants/plot which showed leaf feeding damage, dissecting the plants and counting the number of live 3rd-5th stage larvae and cavities.
Effect of Lannate in Varying Volumes of Finished Spray on Control of Fall Armyworm And Yield in Late-Planted Field Corn, 1985
Authors: Pless C. D. , Shamiyeh N. R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Field corn ‘Pioneer 3147’ was planted on 14 Jun at the Tobacco Experiment Station, Greeneville. Seven in-whorl treatments were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Plots were 20 ft × 4 rows with 5-ft alleys between blocks. Rows were 38 inches apart. Plant population was 25 plants/20 row ft. Lannate insecticide (0.45 lb Al/acre) was applied in 6 different finished spray volumes (3-30 gal/acre) on 17 Jul when 94% of the plants were infested with 3.35 larvae/plant. Sprays were applied using different nozzle sizes with a 2.5-gal compressed CO2 sprayer at a constant tank pressure of 30 psi. Dead larvae were counted on 18 Jul and percent mortality was determined. Newly damaged whorls were counted on 25 and 31 Jul. Ensilage yield was determined on 8 Oct at 52.38% moisture.
In-Whorl Treatments for Fall Armyworm Control in Late-Planted Field Corn, 1985
Authors: Pless C. D. , Shamiyeh N. B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Pioneer 3147’ corn was planted on 14 Jun at the Tobacco Experiment Station, Greeneville. Sixteen insecticide treatments were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Plots were 30 ft × 4 rows with 5-ft alleys between blocks. Rows were 38 inches apart with a population of 37 plants/30 row ft Insecticides were applied on 17 Jul when 94% of the plants were infested with an average of 3.45 larvae/plant. Liquid formulations were applied with a 2.5-gal compressed CO2 sprayers at 30 psi and 30 gal/acre. Granular insecticides were applied with shaker jars. Newly damaged whorls were counted on 31 Jul. Ensilage yield was measured on 8 Oct at 52.38% moisture.
In-Whorl Treatments for Fall Armyworm and Second Brood European Corn Borer, 1985
Authors: Shamiyeh N. B. , Pless C. D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Pioneer 3147’ corn was planted on 16 Jun and 2 Jul at the Highland Rim Experiment Station, Springfield, TN. Fourteen treatments were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Plots were 30 ft × 4 rows with 5-ft alleys between blocks. Rows were spaced 40 inches apart with 45 plants/30 row ft. The 2 middle rows were evaluated for whorl damage. One row was harvested for ensilage yields. Liquid formulations were applied using 2.5-gal compressed CO2 sprayers at 30 psi and 30 gal/acre. Granular insecticides were applied with shaker jars. In the first planting, 1 insecticide application was made on 17 Jul when plants were infested with an average of 5.60 larvae/plant. Ensilage yield was determined on 25 Sep at 53.95% moisture. In the second planting, the first insecticide application was made on 23 Jul when plants were infested with 2.69 larvae/plants; the second on 1 Aug with 2.45 larvae/plant and the third on 15 Aug with 11.4 larvae/plant. Stalk feeding counts were based on the number of basal tunnels/ 45 plants. Ensilage yield was measured on 16 Oct at 60% moisture.
Control of the Gray Garden Slug on Corn, 1985
Authors: Shelton A. M. , Wilsey W. T. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Field and greenhouse trials were conducted simultaneously. All corn seeds used were treated with Captan. The ‘Magnum’-treated seeds were obtained directly from Gustafson. Field. Corn was planted in an RCB design with 3 replicates of each treatment on 19 Jun at the Robbins Entomology Farm near Geneva, NY. Plots consisted of 10 corn plants, each plant spaced 1 ft apart. When corn was 2-4 inches high, plants were infested (3 Jul) with slugs (1/plant) collected from a neighboring plot. The bare ground around the plants was covered with a layer of straw to enhance the habitat for slugs. Two days after infestation plants were examined, and since little injur) was apparent, 5 more mid-sized slugs/plot were added. On 8 Jul plants were examined for the presence of slugs and feeding injury. Greenhouse. The 3 treatments of corn used were planted into 10-inch azalea pots on 8 Jul with 1 plant/pot and 6 pots/treatment. When plants were 3-4 inches high, 5 mid-sized slugs were placed on each seedling and allowed to feed. After 48 h the number of feeding sites, and live and dead slugs were recorded.
Susceptibility of Western Corn Rootworm Adults From Illinois to Carbofuran, Terbufos and Fmc 67825, 1985
Authors: Staetz C. A. , Findlay C. A. , Lew A. C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Adult beetles were collected from nine separate locations in northern Illinois from fields with organophosphate, carbamate and mixed insecticide use histories as well as from an untreated field on 25-27 Jul. Control problems had been reported for the organophosphate fields. The beetles were caged, provided with fresh corn silk, and treated within 24h at the FMC Research Farm at Champaign, IL. Individual beetles were topically treated with 1.0 microliter of acetone: insecticide solution (technical grade) on the ventral abdomen using a Burkard microapplicator. At least 4 or 5 dosages were of carbofuran, terbufos, or FMC 67825 were used to determine 24h LD50‘s. Each test was replicated twice (10 beetles per replication) and the tests were repeated 2 or 3 times on separate days. Beetles were considered dead if they did not move or regain a standing position 24h after treatment. Dosage-mortality data were calculated by a logit analysis program and the LD50‘s corrected for beetle weight.
First Generation European Corn Borer Control in Southeast Pennsylvania, 1985
Authors: Starner Van R. , Grice Todd A. , Pryor T. W. (Bill) 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This commercial field test was conducted in cooperation with Ed and Jim Ranck of Noble Oak Farms near Nine Points, PA, in eastern Lancaster County. A conventionally-tilled 6-acre field, which was soybeans in 1984, was planted on 30-inch centers with ‘DK587’ field corn on 19 Apr ‘85 with no soil insecticide. When corn was at the 10-12 leaf stage (38-inch extended leaf height), scouting for first generation European corn borer “shot-hole” feeding damage (20 consecutive plants in each of 8 randomly selected areas of the field) indicated that 83% of the plants were infested. Larvae were first and second costar with an average 5.6 larvae/plant, determined by dissecting the last infested plant within each 20-consecutive-plant sample and counting larvae. On 7 Jun ‘85, Lorsban 15G at 6.5 lb/acre (1.0 lb (AI)/acre) was applied using a small-plot Gandy air-spred granular applicator (compliments of Gandy Corp) pulled behind a tractor. Granules were applied directly over the whorls with 4 rows treated the length of the field (about .25 mile) and replicated 6 times. Treated strips were separated by 4-row non-treated strips. On 10-11 Jul ‘85 the effectiveness of the treatments was evaluated by dissecting 5 consecutive plants from 4 random sample sites within each treated strip and 6 non-treated strips, and counting the no. of live corn borer larvae, pupae and empty tunnels caused by borer feeding. A yield evaluation was made on 26 Sep ‘85 by commercially harvesting, with the farmers‘ 4-row combine, about 520 ft of each 4-row treated and non-treated strip near one end of the field (for ease of harvesting and weighing). Grain from each strip was weighed separately (using a weigh wagon furnished by Dekalb-Pfizer Seed Co.), and % moisture was determined with a moisture tester at the field.
Apple, Summer Acaricide Evaluation, 1985
Authors: Hogmire Henry W. , Crim Larry 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Acaricides were applied to single-row plots of 32-year-old trees on 26 Jun. Appli-cation was with a Swanson DA400PT024 airblast sprayer delivering 935 1/ha at a travel speed of 3.86 k/hr. Treatment effect on European red mite was determined by sampling 20 leaves from the periphery of each of 5 trees, removing mites with a mite-brushing machine and counting active stages with a binocular microscope. The effect of acaricides on Stethorus punctum was evaluated by counting the number of adult and larval stages observed during a 3-minute period while walking around the tree periphery.
Effect of Selected Early Treatments on Flowering, June Bollworms, and the Early Pest/Predator Complex, 1985
Authors: Burris Gene , Graves J. B. , Pavloff A. M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The test was conducted for determination of early insecticide treatment effects on cotton and the pest/predator complex that occurs in May and Jun. Cotton was planted on 16 Apr in 40 inch rows. Plots were 8 rows × 95 ft replicated 4 times. Insecticides were applied with a high-clearance sprayer equipped with a CO2 system for spraying small plots, delivering 3 gal/acre with 2 X-4 hollow cone nozzles/row. Early season treatments were started at pinhead square stage of cotton and applied 4 times, on 28 May, 3, 10, and 25 Jun. White flowers/95 row ft were counted on 19, 24, and 26 Jun. Sweep net data were collected by making 25 sweeps/plot 31 May and 4 Jun. Other insecticides applied for major pest and/or secondary insect control were: 16 Apr; Temik + Terraclor Super-X 0.75 + 0.25 + 1.0 lb Al/acre, 5 Jul; Pydrin (2.4EC) + Fundal (4E) 0.05 + 0.125, 25 Jul; Baythroid (2E) 0.03, 6 Aug; Curacron (6E) + Galecron (4E) 0.75 + 0.125, 12 Aug; Guthion (2L) 0.25, 25 Aug; Baythroid (2E) 0.033. On 5 Sep the test was defoliated with Folex + Dropp 1.2 + 0.1 and Prep 1.0 was applied on 11 Sep. Four rows from each plot were harvested on 18 Sep with a 2 row John Deere picker, equipped with a sacking device. Yields were converted to lb seedcotton/acre.
Effect of Selected Insecticides on Plant Bugs, Cotton Fleahoppers and Beneficial Insects, 1985
Authors: Leonard B. R. , Graves J. B. , Pavloff A. M. , Burris G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘DPL 41’ cotton was planted on a Tensas silty clay loam 10 Apr at Helena Plantation, Waterproof, LA. Cotton seed was commercially treated with Orthene (75SP 6.4 oz (AI)/100 lb) and planted at the rate of 12 lb/acre. Terrachlor Super × (Terrachlor 1.0 lb + Terrazole 0.25 lb (AI)/acre) was applied in-furrow as a systemic fungicide behind the planter. Nitrogen 90 lb/acre was sidedressed 18 May. Five insecticide treatments were replicated 3 times in a complete random design. Each treatment consisted of approximately 15 acres with no fewer than 200 rows/plot. All treatments were applied 5 Jun with a John Deere Hi-Cycle 6000 ground sprayer with 2 Teejet X-6 nozzles per row calibrated to deliver 5 gal finished spray/acre. Insects were sampled with a standard insect sweep net (15-inch dia) at 4 locations in each plot with 25 sweeps at each location.