bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New biomarker: the gene HLA-DRA associated with low-grade glioma prognosis
Authors: Chen Desheng , Yao Jiawei , Hu Bowen , Kuang Liangwen , Xu Binshun , Liu Haiyu , Dou Chao , Wang Guangzhi , Guo Mian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Low-grade gliomas (LGG) are WHO grade II tumors presenting as the most common primary malignant brain tumors in adults. Currently, LGG treatment involves either or a combination of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Despite the knowledge of constitutive genetic risk factors contributing to gliomas, the role of single genes as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers is limited. The aim of the current study is to discover the predictive and prognostic genetic markers for LGG.

Methods
Transcriptome data and clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We first performed the tumor microenvironment (TME) survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier method. An analysis was undertaken to screen for differentially expressed genes. The function of these genes was studied by Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. Following which a protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed and visualized. Univariate and multivariate COX analyses were performed to obtain the probable prognostic genes. The key genes were selected by an intersection of core and prognostic genes. A clinical correlation analysis of single-gene expression was undertaken. GSEA enrichment analysis was performed to identify the function of key genes. Finally, a single gene-related correlation analysis was performed to identify the core immune cells involved in the development of LGG.

Results
A total of 529 transcriptome data and 515 clinical samples were obtained from the TCGA. Immune cells and stromal cells were found to be significantly increased in the LGG microenvironment. The top five core genes intersected with the top 38 prognostically relevant genes and two key genes were identified. Our analysis revealed that a high expression of HLA-DRA was associated with a poor prognosis of LGG. Correlation analysis of immune cells showed that HLA-DRA expression level was related to immune infiltration, positively related to macrophage M1 phenotype, and negatively related to activation of NK cells.

Conclusions
HLA-DRA may be an independent prognostic indicator and an important biomarker for diagnosing and predicting survival in LGG patients. It may also be associated with the immune infiltration phenotype in LGG.
Microbiomes of the Sydney Rock Oyster are acquired through both vertical and horizontal transmission
Authors: Unzueta-Martínez Andrea , Scanes Elliot , Parker Laura M. , Ross Pauline M. , O’Connor Wayne , Bowen Jennifer L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe term holobiont is widely accepted to describe animal hosts and their associated microorganisms. The genomes of all that the holobiont encompasses, are termed the hologenome and it has been proposed as a unit of selection in evolution. To demonstrate that natural selection acts on the hologenome, a significant portion of the associated microbial genomes should be transferred between generations. Using the Sydney Rock Oyster (Saccostrea glomerata) as a model, we tested if the microbes of this broadcast spawning species could be passed down to the next generation by conducting single parent crosses and tracking the microbiome from parent to offspring and throughout early larval stages using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. From each cross, we sampled adult tissues (mantle, gill, stomach, gonad, eggs or sperm), larvae (D-veliger, umbo, eyed pediveliger, and spat), and the surrounding environment (water and algae feed) for microbial community analysis.ResultsWe found that each larval stage has a distinct microbiome that is partially influenced by their parental microbiome, particularly the maternal egg microbiome. We also demonstrate the presence of core microbes that are consistent across all families, persist throughout early life stages (from eggs to spat), and are not detected in the microbiomes of the surrounding environment. In addition to the core microbiomes that span all life cycle stages, there is also evidence of environmentally acquired microbial communities, with earlier larval stages (D-veliger and umbo), more influenced by seawater microbiomes, and later larval stages (eyed pediveliger and spat) dominated by microbial members that are specific to oysters and not detected in the surrounding environment.ConclusionOur study characterized the succession of oyster larvae microbiomes from gametes to spat and tracked selected members that persisted across multiple life stages. Overall our findings suggest that both horizontal and vertical transmission routes are possible for the complex microbial communities associated with a broadcast spawning marine invertebrate. We demonstrate that not all members of oyster-associated microbiomes are governed by the same ecological dynamics, which is critical for determining what constitutes a hologenome.
Some psychiatric comorbidity among patients with substance abuse disorder related to pregabalin
Authors: Ibrahim Abdallah Saad , Bayomy Reem Hassan , Hussein Ramadan Abdelbr , Yousef Usama Mahmoud , Elazab Waleed Eleraky 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Pregabalin abuse is increasing worldwide and frequently comorbid with another psychiatric disorders including generalized anxiety, major depression, personality disorders, and suicide. Eighty-three patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for substance abuse disorders related to pregabalin were identified from the addiction clinic of El Khanka Psychiatric Hospital in Egypt for this observational cross-sectional study. We aimed to assess clinical characteristics of substance abuse disorder related to pregabalin, suicidal ideation, and psychiatric comorbidities associated with them. All participants were subjected to semi-structured interview designed to collect and identify the sociodemographic data and patterns of substances use, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV axis I disorders to diagnose comorbid major depression and generalized anxiety, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV axis II disorders for diagnosis of borderline and antisocial personality disorders, Addiction Severity Index, Beck Depressive Inventory, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, and Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation and urine screening test for pregabalin and other substances.

Results
Forty-seven percent of the studied group had generalized anxiety disorder, 74.7% had major depression disorder, some patients had both major depression and generalized anxiety disorders, 78.3% had borderline personality disorder, 37.3% had antisocial personality disorder, and some patients had both borderline and antisocial personality disorders. There was a statistically significant increase in suicidal ideation among subjects with major depression, generalized anxiety, previous suicidal attempts, and borderline personality disorder.

Conclusions
There is a high comorbidity between pregabalin abuse and major depression disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, borderline personality disorder, and antisocial personality disorder. These psychiatric comorbidities were associated with high risk of suicidal ideations.
Consensus evidence-based clinical practice recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia
Authors: El Miedany Yasser , Gadallah Naglaa , Mohasseb Diaa , Gaballah Nahla M. , El Zohiery Abeer K. , Hassan Mohammed , El Gaafary Maha , Hassan Waleed , Mortada Mohamed , Eissa Mervat , Tabra Samar Abdelhamed , Foad Nermeen , El Nouby Fatma H. , Saber Sally , Galal Salwa 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Because of the subjective character of symptoms, absence of a diagnostic test, modest response to treatments, and, at times, patient reports of important functional disability, fibromyalgia remains a challenge for the treating health care professionals in the standard clinical practice. The aim of this study was to develop an up-to-date consensus and evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for a treat-to-target management of fibromyalgia. Fifteen key clinical questions were identified by a scientific committee according to the Patient/Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes (PICO) approach. A literature review team performed a systematic review to summarize the evidence advocating the benefits and harms of available pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapies for fibromyalgia. Subsequently, recommendations were formulated. The level of evidence was determined for each section using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine (CEBM) system. A 3-round Delphi process was conducted with 16 experts. All rounds were conducted online. A consensus was achieved on the direction and the strength of the recommendations.

Results
An online questionnaire was sent to an expert panel who participated in the three rounds (response rate 100%). At the end of round 3, a total of fifteen recommendation items, categorized into 10 sections to address the main fibromyalgia categories, were obtained. Agreement with the recommendations (ranks 7–9) ranged from 85 to 100%. Consensus was reached (i.e., ≥ 80% of respondents strongly agreed or agreed) on the wording of all the 15 clinical standards identified by the scientific committee. An algorithm for the management of fibromyalgia has been suggested.

Conclusions
These recommendations provide an updated consensus on both the non-pharmacological and the pharmacological treatments of fibromyalgia. The provided strategies to reach optimal treat-to-target outcomes in common clinical scenarios are based on a combination of evidence and expert opinions. Best treatment decisions should be tailored to each individual patient situation.
The eradication of pea weevil Bruchus pisorum (L.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) from New Zealand
Authors: Voice David G. , MacLellan Rory , Russell Adrian , Goulden Dave , Lawrie Ivan , Baker Greg , Teulon David A. J. , Kean John M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPea weevil (Bruchus pisorum (L.), Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) is a major cosmopolitan pest of pea crops and is established in most pea growing areas of the world. Pea weevil has been detected several times in New Zealand, but these incidents never resulted in an established population. Establishment occurred in 2016, when pea weevil was detected in stored and field peas in the Wairarapa region of the North Island. After due consideration, including initial delimiting surveys and analysis of potential pathways, the Ministry for Primary Industries (MPI), in consultation with industry and community interests, decided to attempt eradication. The eradication programme utilised a range of tactics including a regionalised pea growing ban, movement restrictions for pea plant material, pea trap crops managed with insecticides and herbicides, and physical pea plant destruction to prevent regrowth. Trap crops played a dual role for local surveillance and beetle destruction. A national survey for pea weevil was also undertaken. The eradication programme was implemented under national New Zealand legislation (including a Controlled Area Notice) and an awareness raising media campaign. The initial pea weevil infestation was found over an area of approximately 115,000 ha. National surveillance resulted in no pea weevil detections outside of the Wairarapa Controlled Area. In the first year of the eradication programme (spring 2016–2017), the pea weevil population was reduced by 99.1%. Zero detections of pea weevil were found in the spring of 2018 and 2019, confirming eradication, and the planting ban and movement restrictions were lifted in 2020. This paper details what appears to be the first documented eradication of pea weevil anywhere in the world and explores the technical challenges, options, and tactics which eventually led to this successful eradication.
Hormonal Crosstalk Between Thyroid and Breast Cancer
Authors: Halada Stephen , Casado-Medrano Victoria , Baran Julia A , Lee Joshua , Chinmay Poojita , Bauer Andrew J , Franco Aime T 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDifferentiated thyroid cancer and breast cancer account for a significant portion of endocrine-related malignancies and predominately affect women. As hormonally responsive tissues, the breast and thyroid share endocrine signaling. Breast cells are responsive to thyroid hormone signaling and are affected by altered thyroid hormone levels. Thyroid cells are responsive to sex hormones, particularly estrogen, and undergo protumorigenic processes upon estrogen stimulation. Thyroid and sex hormones also display significant transcriptional crosstalk that influences oncogenesis and treatment sensitivity. Obesity-related adipocyte alterations—adipocyte estrogen production, inflammation, feeding hormone dysregulation, and metabolic syndromes—promote hormonal alterations in breast and thyroid tissues. Environmental toxicants disrupt endocrine systems, including breast and thyroid homeostasis, and influence pathologic processes in both organs through hormone mimetic action. In this brief review, we discuss the hormonal connections between the breast and thyroid and perspectives on hormonal therapies for breast and thyroid cancer. Future research efforts should acknowledge and further explore the hormonal crosstalk of these tissues in an effort to further understand the prevalence of thyroid and breast cancer in women and to identify potential therapeutic options.
Developing an African medical and health professions student regional elective exchange program: approaches and lessons learned
Authors: Nawagi Faith , Iacone Anna , Seeling Justin , Mukherjee Snigdha 
Published: May 2022

Background:Given the significant gap in International Medical Elective (IME) opportunities for African health professions students, the Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates and the Foundation for Advancement of International Medical Education and Research (ECFMG|FAIMER) launched an African regional elective exchange program through the Global Educational Exchange in Medicine and the Health Professions (GEMx) in 2016. This paper provides an overview of the development of the GEMx program, the pillars of successful implementation, and lessons learned.Methods:The authors conducted a longitudinal qualitative study utilizing in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document review. Common categories were identified and incorporated into a matrix to create themes. Data were analysed using the manifest content approach guided by a literature review.Results:The key pillars for the successful implementation of the GEMx Africa regional elective exchange program included: the commitment from African training institutional networks and their member institutions, the GEMx Charter (multilateral agreement), GEMx web-based application system, GEMx Africa Regional Coordination Center in Kampala, Uganda, and ECFMG mini-grants.Conclusions:Through the development of successful partnerships across the continent, the GEMx regional elective exchange program contributed towards bridging a long-existing gap of inadequate opportunities for African health professions students to enhance their global exposure and strengthen their knowledge and skills.
Modelling and mathematical optimisation of wastewater treatment in food industries
Authors: Rodriguez-Perez Santiago , Cabeza Sanchez Alvaro , Lopez-Abelairas María 
Published: May 2022

The current paper describes the work carried out in the Horizon 2020 AFTERLIFE project – "Advanced Filtration TEchnologies for the Recovery and Later conversIon of relevant Fractions from wastEwater" – (Grant Agreement no. 745737) which focuses on bioprocess modelling and optimisation using computational tools. The project addresses the development of a flexible, cost- and resource-efficient process framed in the zero-waste and circular economy approach for the recovery and valorisation of the relevant fractions from wastewater. The first step of such a process is an initial step consisting of a cascade of membrane filtration units to separate the total solids in sewage. Then, the concentrates recovered in each unit will be treated to obtain high-pure extracts and metabolites or to be converted into value-added biopolymers (polyhydroxyalkanoates). Moreover, the outflow of the process is an ultra-pure water stream that can be directly reused. Following a holistic approach, the design and optimisation of the AFTERLIFE process will improve performance and reduce the costs associated with wastewater treatment by maximising the value recovery. The paper focuses on the work done developing and implementing computational tools to model and optimise the design of the process. A framework for modelling-based optimisation has been developed. The applied optimisation approach is not computationally demanding and can be systematically applied to different processes. Finally, a use case establishing a scenario for testing the developed framework is described. The defined process model and optimisation methodology were applied to simulate the treatment of wastewater from the fish processing industry. The performance of the optimisation tool is analysed considering the simulation results.
Does Investor Gender Matter for the Success of Female Entrepreneurs? Gender Homophily and the Stigma of Incompetence in Entrepreneurial Finance
Authors: Snellman Kaisa , Solal Isabelle 
Published: May 2022

Female support of other women has been put forth as a remedy to the gender gap across many domains. Yet the potential costs associated with gender homophily are not well understood. We propose that homophily aggravates negative gender bias in evaluation. Focusing on the context of entrepreneurship, we theorize that future investors will discount a female entrepreneur’s competence as the key factor in an early-stage investment decision, when the investment comes from a female investor. Consequently, female-backed female entrepreneurs may struggle to raise additional funds from new investors. In a field study of venture-backed startups, we find that firms with female founders who received funding from female rather than male VCs are two times less likely to raise additional financing. We find no equivalent investor gender effect for male-founded firms. In an experimental study, we find that pitches by female-backed female entrepreneurs receive lower evaluations compared with all other pitches, and that this is driven by perceptions of entrepreneur competence. Our findings suggest that well-intentioned calls for women to invest in women not only place an undue burden on female investors, but may also undermine the long-term success of female entrepreneurs. Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1594 .
La cerámica en verde y negro: Los orígenes de una tradición historiográfica.
Authors: SERRA VIVES Neus 
Published: May 2022

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo presentar los orígenes del coleccionismo y de los estudios histórico-artísticos en torno a la cerámica medieval española decorada en verde y negro. Aunque estos pioneros esfuerzos se han visto en gran medida superados, puesto que respondían al espíritu de un momento ya caduco, su revisión reúne noticias dispersas, a veces ya olvidadas, y facilita una aproximación global sobre la que poder construir nuevos discursos sobre este tema centenario.
Palabras clave: coleccionismo, historiografía, cerámica medieval, verde y negro, Paterna, Manresa.
CystiHuman: A model of human neurocysticercosis
Authors: Bonnet Gabrielle , Pizzitutti Francesco , Gonzales-Gustavson Eloy A. , Gabriël Sarah , Pan William K. , Garcia Hector H. , Bustos Javier A. , Vilchez Percy , O’Neal Seth E. ,   for the Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru
Published: May 2022

Introduction
The Taenia solium tapeworm is responsible for cysticercosis, a neglected tropical disease presenting as larvae in the body of a host following taenia egg ingestion. Neurocysticercosis (NCC), the name of the disease when it affects the human central nervous system, is a major cause of epilepsy in developing countries, and can also cause intracranial hypertension, hydrocephalus and death. Simulation models can help identify the most cost-effective interventions before their implementation. Modelling NCC should enable the comparison of a broad range of interventions, from treatment of human taeniasis (presence of an adult taenia worm in the human intestine) to NCC mitigation. It also allows a focus on the actual impact of the disease, rather than using proxies as is the case for other models.

Methods
This agent-based model is the first model that simulates human NCC and associated pathologies. It uses the output of another model, CystiAgent, which simulates the evolution of pig cysticercosis and human taeniasis, adding human and cyst agents, including a model of cyst location and stage, human symptoms, and treatment. CystiHuman also accounts for delays in the appearance of NCC-related symptoms. It comprises three modules detailing cyst development, seizure probability and timing, and intracranial hypertension/hydrocephalus, respectively. It has been implemented in Java MASON and calibrated in three endemic villages in Peru, then applied to another village (Rica Playa) to compare simulation results with field data in that village.

Results and discussion
Despite limitations in available field data, parameter values found through calibration are plausible and simulated outcomes in Rica Playa are close to actual values for NCC prevalence and the way it increases with age and cases with single lesions. Initial simulations further suggest that short-term interventions followed by a rapid increase in taeniasis prevalence back to original levels may have limited impacts on NCC prevalence.