bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stable High‐Dimensional Weak‐Light Soliton Molecules and Their Active Control
Authors: Qin Lu , Hang Chao , Malomed Boris A. , Huang Guoxiang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBound states of solitons, alias soliton molecules (SMs), are well known in 1D systems, while making stable bound states of multidimensional solitons is a challenging problem because of the underlying instabilities. Here, a scheme for the creation of stable (2+1)D and (3+1)D optical SMs in a gas of cold Rydberg atoms is proposed, in which electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is induced by a control laser field. It is shown that, through the interplay of the EIT and the strong long‐range interaction between the Rydberg atoms, the system gives rise to giant nonlocal Kerr nonlinearity, which in turn supports stable (2+1)D spatial optical SMs, as well as ring‐shaped soliton necklaces, including rotating ones. They feature a large size, low generation power, and can be efficiently manipulated by tuning the nonlocality degree of the Kerr nonlinearity. Stable (3+1)D spatiotemporal optical SMs, composed of fundamental or vortex solitons, with low power and ultraslow propagation velocity, can also be generated in the system. These SMs can be stored and retrieved through the switching off and on of the control laser field. The findings reported here suggest applications to data processing and transmission in optical systems.
Strategical Deep Learning for Photonic Bound States in the Continuum
Authors: Ma Xuezhi , Ma Yuan , Cunha Preston , Liu Qiushi , Kudtarkar Kaushik , Xu Da , Wang Jiafei , Chen Yixin , Wong Zi Jing , Liu Ming , Hipwell M. Cynthia , Lan Shoufeng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractResonance is instrumental in modern optics and photonics. While one can use numerical simulations to sweep geometric and material parameters of optical structures, these simulations usually require considerably long calculation time and substantial computational resources. Such requirements significantly limit their applicability in the inverse design of structures with desired resonances. The recent introduction of artificial intelligence allows for faster spectra predictions of resonance. However, even with relatively large training datasets, current end‐to‐end deep learning approaches generally fail to predict resonances with high‐quality‐factors (Q‐factor) due to their intrinsic non‐linearity and complexity. Here, a resonance informed deep learning (RIDL) strategy for rapid and accurate prediction of the optical response for ultra‐high‐Q‐factor resonances is introduced. By incorporating the resonance information into the deep learning algorithm, the RIDL strategy achieves a high‐accuracy prediction of reflection spectra and photonic band structures while using a comparatively small training dataset. Further, the RIDL strategy to develop an inverse design algorithm for designing a bound state in the continuum (BIC) with infinite Q‐factor is applied. The predicted and measured angle‐resolved band structures of this device show minimal differences. The RIDL strategy is expected to be applied to many other physical phenomena such as Gaussian and Lorentzian resonances.
Plasmonic and Photonic Enhancement of Chiral Near‐Fields
Authors: Hu Li , Sun Zhiguang , Nie Yingdong , Huang Yingzhou , Fang Yurui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA chiral near‐field with a highly contorted electromagnetic field builds a bridge to match chiral molecules and light wavelengths with large size differences. It significantly enhances the circular dichroism of chiral molecules and has great prospects in chirality sensing, detection, trapping, and other chirality‐related applications. Surface plasmons feature outstanding light‐trapping and electromagnetic‐field‐concentrating abilities. Plasmonic chiral nanostructures facilitate light manipulation to generate superchiral near‐fields. Meanwhile, the nanophotonic structures have attracted significant interest to obtain strong chiral near‐fields due to their unique electromagnetic resonant properties. During the interaction of light and chiral materials, the chiral near‐field not only bridges the light and chiral molecules but is also responsible for the optical activities. This paper reviews state‐of‐the‐art studies on generating or enhancing chiral near‐fields using plasmonic and photonic nanostructures. The principle of chiral near‐fields and the development of chiral near‐fields with plasmonic and photonic nanostructures are reviewed. The properties and applications of enhanced chiral near‐fields for chiral molecule detection, spin‐orbit angular interaction, and the generation of the chiral optical force are examined. Finally, current challenges are discussed and a brief outlook of this field is provided.
Stress Sensing by Ratiometric Mechanoluminescence: A Strategy Based on Structural Probe
Authors: Yang Xiuxia , Cheng Yao , Xu Ju , Lin Hang , Wang Yuansheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFeatured with specific relationship between luminescence intensity and stress, mechanoluminescence (ML) has shown great application potential in stress sensing. However, the uncertainty in acquisition of absolute ML intensity may cause significant error in ML‐intensity‐based stress sensing. A ratiometric ML scheme has been recently proposed as an alternative solution to circumvent such problem. In this paper, a novel strategy based on a lanthanide structural probe is demonstrated to realize the ratiometric ML for stress sensing, where the stress‐induced change in local site symmetry leads to the establishment of the relationship between the ML asymmetry ratio of the structural probe and the applied stress. This strategy offers a brand‐new design solution toward ratiometric ML aiming at improving the reliability of stress sensing.
Artificial intelligence in marketing: A meta‐analytic review
Authors: Mehta Pooja , Jebarajakirthy Charles , Maseeh Haroon Iqbal , Anubha Anubha , Saha Raiswa , Dhanda Komal 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study synthesizes the artificial intelligence literature into a Meta‐analytic framework based on the theory of reasoned action and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2, and examines concrete relationships between the constructs of this framework. This meta‐review also performed a moderation analysis to investigate the possible reasons for inconsistent findings across studies. The findings suggest that three methodological moderators (sample type, gender dominance, and publication type), and one contextual moderator (level of country's technology advancement) lead to inconsistencies in the relationships between study constructs. Academically, this review synthesizes the artificial intelligence literature and resolves inconsistencies in the literature and also adds constructs to both theory of reasoned action and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2. Practically, this meta‐analysis offers multiple implications for businesses interested in enhancing customer adoption of artificial intelligence. Especially, companies can increase customers' adoption of artificial intelligence by making it more user‐friendly, and advantageous and by adding pleasing features to it.
Bacteriocin‐phage interaction (BaPI): Phage predation of Lactococcus in the presence of bacteriocins
Authors: Rendueles Claudia , Escobedo Susana , Rodríguez Ana , Martínez Beatriz 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBacteriophages infecting dairy starter bacteria are a leading cause of milk fermentation failure and strategies to reduce the risk of phage infection in dairy settings are demanded. Along with dairy starters, bacteriocin producers (protective cultures) or the direct addition of bacteriocins as biopreservatives may be applied in food to extend shelf‐life. In this work, we have studied the progress of infection of Lactococcus cremoris MG1363 by the phage sk1, in the presence of three bacteriocins with different modes of action: nisin, lactococcin A (LcnA), and lactococcin 972 (Lcn972). We aimed to reveal putative bacteriocin‐phage interactions (BaPI) that could be detrimental and increase the risk of fermentation failure due to phages. Based on infections in broth and solid media, a synergistic effect was observed with Lcn972. This positive sk1‐Lcn972 interaction could be correlated with an increased burst size. sk1‐Lcn972 BaPI occurred independently of a functional SOS and cell envelope stress response but was lost in the absence of the major autolysin AcmA. Furthermore, BaPI was not exclusive to the sk1‐Lcn972 pairing and could be observed with other phages and lactococcal strains. Therefore, bacteriocins may facilitate phage predation of dairy lactococci and their use should be carefully evaluated.
Free extended anterolateral thigh myocutaneous flap versus combined pedicled pectoralis major–latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps in deep and extensive sternal wound reconstruction
Authors: Wee Shyun‐Jing , Hsu Shao‐Yun , Shih Pin‐Keng , Chen Jian‐Xun , Chang Chang‐Cheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe combined pedicled pectoralis major‐latissimus dorsi (PM–LD) and free extended anterolateral thigh (ALT) myocutaneous flaps provide well‐vascularized tissues for extensive sternal wound reconstruction. However, the outcomes and postoperative complications between the two surgical techniques are different. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of these two reconstructive options.MethodsThis single‐center, retrospective study was conducted between August 2011 and May 2019. Forty‐four patients diagnosed with deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) and presented with grade four complications (sternal instability and necrotic bone tissue) were enrolled. Two reconstructive strategies, namely, combined pedicled PM–LD (n = 24) and free extended ALT (n = 20) myocutaneous flaps, were used according to the patients' hemodynamics. Data including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), hospital stay, follow‐up, defect/flap size, number of surgical procedures before reconstruction, duration from the last debridement to flap coverage, comorbidities, and postoperative complications, were obtained for statistical analysis.ResultsThe mean defect size in the combined PM–LD myocutaneous flap group was 188.4 (5*17–10*23) cm2, and the mean flap size was 150.0 (8*12–15*15) cm2 and 205.0 (8*15–10*25) cm2 in PM and LD flap, respectively. The mean defect size in the free extended ALT myocutaneus flap group was 202.5 (6*16–10*21) cm2, and the mean flap size was 285.2 (9*30–12*25) cm2. No significant differences were observed between the free extended ALT and the combined pedicled PM–LD myocutaneous flaps in relation to age, gender, BMI, hospital days, follow‐up, defect size, preoperative procedures, and comorbidities, except for the average operative time (443.2 ± 31.2 vs. 321.3 ± 54.3 mins, p = .048). The combined pedicled PM–LD myocutaneous flap had significantly more donor site complications, including seroma (21% vs. 0%, p = .030), bilateral nipple–areolar complex asymmetry (100% vs. 0%, p < .0001), and skin graft loss with infection (33% vs. 0%; p = .044) than the free extended ALT myocutaneous flap.ConclusionThe free extended ALT and the combined pedicled PM–LD myocutaneous flaps were both feasible and effective options for sternal wound reconstruction. Our findings suggested that the free extended ALT myocutaneous flap may be a better alternative for a comprehensive and extensive reconstruction of sternal wounds. Further studies based on these findings can be conducted.
Miniaturized square fractal ring patch unit cell for active reflective metasurface in C‐ and X‐bands
Authors: Kim Yongjune , Lee Sun‐Gyu , Kim Jongyeong , Lee Jeong‐Hae 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA miniaturized dual‐band reflective metasurface unit cell is presented based on a square fractal copper‐ring patch combined with a PIN diode. Its structure is optimally designed via the genetic algorithm to achieve phase differences of the reflection coefficients between on and off states of the PIN diode at both C‐ and X‐bands center frequencies. The accuracy of the proposed dual‐band metasurface unit cell is verified by comparing simulations with measurements inside the C‐ and X‐bands rectangular waveguides. The proposed miniaturized metasurface unit cell could improve the radiation efficiency of the dual‐band reflective metasurface antenna by enabling fine quantization of the phase distribution and mitigating the mutual couplings among different states of the unit cells.
Rational design for high bioorthogonal fluorogenicity of tetrazine‐encoded green fluorescent proteins
Authors: Tang Longteng , Bednar Riley M. , Rozanov Nikita D. , Hemshorn Marcus L. , Mehl Ryan A. , Fang Chong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe development of bioorthogonal fluorogenic probes constitutes a vital force to advance life sciences. Tetrazine‐encoded green fluorescent proteins (GFPs) show high bioorthogonal reaction rate and genetic encodability but suffer from low fluorogenicity. Here, we unveil the real‐time fluorescence mechanisms by investigating two site‐specific tetrazine‐modified superfolder GFPs via ultrafast spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. Förster resonance energy transfer is quantitatively modeled and revealed to govern the fluorescence quenching; for GFP150‐Tet with a fluorescence turn‐on ratio of ∼9, it contains trimodal subpopulations with good (P1), random (P2), and poor (P3) alignments between the transition dipole moments of protein chromophore (donor) and tetrazine tag (Tet‐v2.0, acceptor). By rationally designing a more free/tight environment, we created new mutants Y200A/S202Y to introduce more P2/P1 populations and improve the turn‐on ratios to ∼14/31, making the fluorogenicity of GFP150‐Tet‐S202Y the highest among all up‐to‐date tetrazine‐encoded GFPs. In live eukaryotic cells, the GFP150‐Tet‐v3.0‐S202Y mutant demonstrates notably increased fluorogenicity, substantiating our generalizable design strategy.Key points
Ultrafast spectroscopy reveals FRET in action and inhomogeneous populations with different transition dipole moment alignments.
Rational protein design of two new superfolder GFP mutants with record‐high fluorogenicity.
Bioimaging application of the designed bioorthogonal protein mutant in live eukaryotic cells.
The preparation of rigid hybrid silicone resins by combining carbon nanomaterial loading nanoparticles
Authors: Guan Shengjie , Wu Fan , Wu Qian , He Zhichao , Jiang Jing , Huang Yudong , Liu Li 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA series of carbon nanotubes and graphene loading nanoparticles (Mo, Ru, and Pt) were synthesized by the ethylene glycol reduction, in addition, the nanomaterials went through the silanization process by (3‐aminopropyl)triethoxysilane in order to obtain the perfect consistency and dispersibility. The characterization results were then exhibited by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy tests. Furthermore, the nanomaterials modified silicone resins were obtained by combining methyl phenyl silicone resins, nanocarbon material and HOOBt. The differential scanning calorimetry, sol–gel time and thermogravimetric analysis tests showed the preferable improvement of heat‐resistant quality. Then the silicone resin matrix composites were manufactured by molding process and went through a thermal decomposition process. The ILSS, bending strength and modulus results showed that the hybrid modified silicone resin composites had the leading trend (361.4 MPa, 190.3 MPa, 13.5 GPa, etc.) at all temperature stages. This experimental scheme of carbon nanomaterial loading nanoparticles and hybrid modified silicone resins would have a competitive advantage in exotic material field.
Experimental analysis with grey relational analysis–analytic hierarchy process‐based hybrid optimization to analyze the effect of graphene nanoparticle reinforced ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene/n‐HAp for hip joint
Authors: Singh Ranjeet Kumar , Gangwar Swati , Singh Dhirendra Kumar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUltra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is utilized in hip joints because of its high impact strength, outstanding fracture resistance, near‐zero moisture absorption, superior chemical inertness, and lower coefficient of friction than other polymers. However, because of the high melt viscosity of UHMWPE, the melt state approach gives unsatisfactory mechanical strength results. In this research, composite materials are fabricated by heat‐assisted compression molding having graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) used as a filler material in a composition of (UHMWPE + 5 wt% hydroxyapatite nanoparticles) at three different wt% ages (i.e., 0, 1, 2, and 3 wt%). Here mechanical characteristics such as flexural, compression, and impact strength measurements according to ISO standards and SEM analysis are used to determine the aggregation of n‐HAp and GNP in UHMWPE. According to the authors' experimental results, biocomposite (with UHMWPE + 5 wt n‐HAp + 1 wt% GNP) has the lowest surface roughness value and excellent mechanical characterization compared to other compositions for hip joint. Flexural and compression strength improve by 25% and 40%, respectively, compared to pure UHMWPE. The multi‐objective optimization based on GRA‐AHP gives a better result at 5 wt% of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and 1 wt% graphene nanoparticle reinforced in UHMWPE compared to other alternative materials.
Two‐dimensional chromatography in screening of bioactive components from natural products
Authors: Xiang Haiping , Xu Ping , Qiu Huiyun , Wen Weiyi , Zhang Ailian , Tong Shengqiang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionScreening and analysis of bioactive components from natural products is a fundamental part of new drug development and innovation. Two‐dimensional (2D) chromatography has been demonstrated to be an effective method for screening and preparation of specific bioactive components from complex natural products.ObjectiveTo collect details of application of 2D chromatography in screening of natural product bioactive components and to outline the research progress of different separation mechanisms and strategies.MethodologyThree screening strategies based on 2D chromatography are reviewed, including traditional separation‐based screening, bioactivity‐guided screening and affinity chromatography‐based screening. Meanwhile, in order to cover these aspects, selections of different separation mechanisms and modes are also presented.ResultsCompared with traditional one‐dimensional (1D) chromatography, 2D chromatography has unique advantages in terms of peak capacity and resolution, and it is more effective for screening and identifying bioactive components of complex natural products.ConclusionScreening of natural bioactive components using 2D chromatography helps separation and analysis of complex samples with greater targeting and relevance, which is very important for development of innovative drug leads.
PALE‐GREEN LEAF 1, a rice cpSRP54 protein, is essential for the assembly of the PSI‐LHCI supercomplex
Authors: Gao Peng , Xia Haoqiang , Li Qiang , Li Zongzhu , Zhai Chun , Weng Lin , Mi Hualing , Yan Song , Datla Raju , Wang Hua , Yang Jun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlthough photosynthetic multiprotein complexes have received major attention, our knowledge about the assembly of these proteins into functional complexes in plants is still limited. In the present study, we have identified a chlorophyll‐deficient mutant, pale‐green leaf 1 (pgl1), in rice that displays abnormally developed chloroplasts. Map‐based cloning of this gene revealed that OsPGL1 encodes a chloroplast targeted protein homologous to the 54‐kDa subunit of the signal recognition particle (cpSRP54). Immunoblot analysis revealed that the accumulation of the PSI core proteins PsaA and PsaB, subunits from the ATP synthase, cytochrome, and light‐harvesting complex (LHC) is dramatically reduced in pgl1. Blue native gel analysis of thylakoid membrane proteins showed the existence of an extra band in the pgl1 mutant, which located between the dimeric PSII/PSI‐LHCI and the monomeric PSII. Immunodetection after 2D separation indicated that the extra band consists of the proteins from the PSI core complex. Measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence at 77 K further confirmed that PSI, rather than PSII, was primarily impaired in the pgl1 mutant. These results suggest that OsPGL1 might act as a molecular chaperone that is required for the efficient assembly and specific integration of the peripheral LHCI proteins into the PSI core complex in rice.
Degradation analysis with nonlinear exponential‐dispersion process: Bayesian offline and online perspectives
Authors: Ding Yi , Zhu Rong , Peng Weiwen , Xie Min 
Published: August 2022

AbstractExponential‐dispersion (ED) process has been recently introduced and demonstrated as a promising degradation model, which can include classical Wiener, gamma, and inverse Gaussian (IG) processes as special cases. However, most related studies are based on offline and point estimation methods, which limit their capability for uncertainty quantification and online update inference. In this paper, nonlinear ED process models equipped with Bayesian offline and online inference methods are presented. Tweedie ED process models are studied for degradation analysis with accelerated factors and unit‐to‐unit variability. Bayesian offline method based on NO‐U‐Turn sampler (NUTS) algorithm and Bayesian online method based on particle filter are developed, respectively. The offline method is presented to enhance the ED process based degradation analysis with uncertainty quantification. The online method is developed for the applications with limited storage and computing resources, for which degradation observations are analyzed on‐the‐fly with improved efficiency. Effectiveness and characteristics of the proposed methods are demonstrated through a simulation study and two case studies.
Can one‐time calibration of measured soil hydraulic input parameters yield appropriate simulations of RZWQM2?
Authors: Shahadha Saadi Sattar , Wendroth Ole 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAgricultural system models can help quantify soil water dynamics, crop evapotranspiration, and crop growth with a high temporal resolution to enhance soil and crop management. Simplifying the process of model calibration and validation is an important aspect for crop model use. The objective of this study was to explore the capability of using the Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM2) with soil hydraulic property input parameters (SHPIPs) identified once under a given crop for other crops without recalibrating. A field experiment with soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], corn (Zea mays L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and fallow soil was conducted from 2015 to 2017. The soil hydraulic property parameter calibration process was evaluated. Four model scenarios of calibrating measured SHPIPs for soybean, corn, wheat, and fallow soil were created. The RZWQM2 simulation results showed high sensitivity to the model inputs of the SHPIPs. Model input parameters of bulk density, field capacity, permanent wilting point, and saturated hydraulic conductivity showed a large effect on model simulations. Model inputs of soil water content θ at field capacity and permanent wilting point showed high impact on water holding capacity and crop development, whereas the model input parameters of saturated hydraulic conductivity and bulk density yielded a high effect on soil water dynamics. All model scenarios presented satisfactory results with regard to soil water dynamics, evapotranspiration, crop growth, and mineral nitrogen, indicating that, for a particular field, RZWQM2 calibrated for one season performs well for other seasons without recalibration.