bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
English as a Foreign Language Teachers’ Techno-Cultural Awareness Levels and Self-Reported Competencies
Authors: Çakır İsmail , Kurnaz Yıldıray 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
In line with technological developments, many educational institutions offer students and teachers technical opportunities to benefit both inside and outside the schools. From the perspective of utilizing technology for a more effective language learning and teaching process, the present study aims to reveal techno-cultural awareness levels and self-reported competencies of secondary school English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers working in Turkey.

Methods:
A total of 36 secondary school teachers participated in the study, and data were collected through a questionnaire and focus group interview. The focus group interview was conducted after the quantitative data analysis so that the quantitative data results guided the focus group interviews.

Results:
The study’s findings show that participants have positive attitudes towards using technology in EFL classes However, most participants still feel they are not competent enough to utilize it for instructional purposes. In this context, all participants agree that the education they received during pre-service and in-service training offered by the Ministry of National Education (MoNE) is insufficient.

Discussion:
The results obtained from data analysis are in parallel with some other studies. According to the findings, pre-service teacher training programmes need to be developed in line with the needs and expectations of teachers and learners regarding the use of technology in language teaching. Furthermore, it is suggested that teachers should be supported with much more comprehensive in-service training programmes to keep them up-to-date. In this regard, professional development programmes based explicitly on improving teachers’ technological awareness would motivate them to teach and significantly impact their self-reported capabilities.

Limitations:
This study was limited to 36 participants working in secondary schools in the same province. Therefore, the results cannot be generalized to all language teachers. Furthermore, the data collection process was carried out using questionnaires and focus group interviews.

Conclusions:
What makes this study significant is that teachers are central to the research. From this point forth, the current study results reveal the analysis of the data obtained from a small province of Turkey. However, the study shows significant and representative results because the teachers included in the study are individuals with the same educational levels. They have graduated from different universities in Turkey, and their working environments somewhat reflect Turkey’s working environments. Considering the differences between teachers’ positive attitudes towards technology utilization in EFL classes and their capabilities, it is argued that in-service and pre-service training programmes should be reviewed to overcome these deficiencies and keep up with the new developments.
Adjustment to School as the Predictor of School Burnout in University Students
Authors: Özhan Mehmet Buğra , Boyaci Mehmet 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Burnout emerges as a common problem during the university period when social competition and expectations from the individual increase, and daily life becomes increasingly complicated due to augmenting stress factors. The aim of this study was to examine whether the school burnout of university students can be predicted significantly by adjustment to school.

Methods:
This study used a correlational survey model to investigate the burnout levels of university students in terms of their adjustment to university life. The sample of the study comprised a total of 334 students, enrolled in four different faculties of a university in Turkey. The data of this research were collected by using the “Adjustment to University Life Scale (AULS)”, “The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Form (MBI-SF)” and personal information form.

Results:
The findings obtained in this study showed that academic, social, and personal adjustment to university life among university students negatively and significantly correlated with school burnout that students experienced. In addition, personal, social and academic adjustment variables together significantly predict each of the exhaustion, cynicism and efficacy variables.

Discussion:
According to these results, academic, social, and personal adjustment to university life among university students negatively and significantly correlated with school burnout that students experienced. This situation indicates that as students’ academic, social, and personal adaptation to university life increases, they will experience less emotional burnout, become less cynical of their environment, and feel less personal inefficacy. In this context, it is thought that interventions that support adaptation to university life are an important factor that will protect students from the negative effects of burnout.

Limitations:
The sample of this study is limited to 334 participants. In addition, the findings of the study are limited to the sincere response of the participants to the instruments of the study and the qualifications of the measurement tools. In other words, this research has no claim of generalizability.

Conclusions:
According to the findings of the study, students with high adjustment to university life experience less academic burnout. In this context, both individual and group work to be conducted by the guidance and psychological counseling units of universities gain importance. It will be particularly beneficial to conduct studies for adjustment to university life, such as psycho-education, group psychological counseling, or peer guidance.
Attitudes of University Professors towards Distance Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hamida Souraya , Hazhazi Kamel , Kadri Abdelhafid 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
With the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, we wanted to study the attitudes of university professors towards distance education during the home-quarantine period.

Methods:
The sample of the study included 426 professors from 37 universities across the country. The study used the questionnaire as a tool to collect information, based on electronic distribution. Besides, the descriptive method was used to analyse the results.

Results:
Findings revealed positive trends among university professors towards distance learning during the home-quarantine period. In addition, the results indicated that distance learning can be adopted by both sexes without any additional special features. Moreover, the finding demonstrated positive attitudes towards distance learning with non-significant differences concerning their speciality. It means that professors’ speciality was not a hindrance in the distance learning process. Furthermore, the results suggested that distance learning could be one of the promising pedagogical technologies for higher education in Algeria.

Discussion:
We conclude that the distance learning is a good alternative to the classic traditional system. Also, it facilitates the training and qualification process for the student. Moreover, professors have a positive attitude towards the distance learning process. In addition, the gender and the academic speciality do not affect the attitude among professors towards the use of distance learning.

Limitations:
The study results are only regionally generalisable because the study data were only collected in Algeria.

Conclusions:
Distance learning is a good alternative in these current circumstances. In addition, professors have a positive attitude towards the distance learning process.
Suitability of Selected Winter Cultivars of Wheat from Production of Wheat Beer
Authors: Belcar Justyna , Sekutowski Tomasz R. , Zardzewiały Miłosz , Gorzelany Józef 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The study investigated the feasibility of three winter cultivars of wheat – Elixer, Rockefeller and Gimantis, for production of wheat beer. Reference samples were produced from commercially available wheat malt. The findings showed the beer produced from commercially available wheat malt presented the best sensory and physicochemical parameters, including real final fermentation of 70.11%. The results related to the investigated wheat cultivars showed good quality properties in the beer produced from malts obtained from Gimantis cultivar (content of CO2 – 0.58%), and from Rockefeller cultivar (alcohol content - 4.62% v/v). A similar relationship was observed in the sensory assessment. The findings related to beer produced from malt of Elixer wheat cultivar showed relatively low effectiveness of the production process (69.7%) and final beer fermentation (65.52%), and at the same time high contents of polyphenols (210 mg/dm3) and antioxidant activity. Wheat malts produced from Gimantis and Rockefeller cultivars can effectively be used as a raw material in beer production; on the other hand, malt from Elixer cultivar, found with higher antioxidant contents, may be used as an additive to be applied in a small quantity in the mashing process in order to enhance the beer in terms of its potential health benefits.
Quality and Technological Properties of Flour with the Addition of Aesculus Hippocastanum and Castanea Sativa
Authors: Sikora Fryderyk , Ochmian Ireneusz , Sobolewska Magdalena 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The study of alternative food sources or ingredients that can partially replace or enrich today’s food is a perspective direction. The possibility of using horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) and chestnut (Castanea sativa) fruits in the baking industry as an admixture to wheat flour has been determined. The addition of flours from these fruits at a level of 10% increases the number of minerals in the flour mixture and also enriches the mixture in saponins, coumarins, and tannins. However, it is necessary to remove excess saponins from horse chestnut. The amylograph has shown that flour from horse chestnut fruit has optimal parameters for baking mixed bread. Farinograph tests showed that a 10% addition of ground horse chestnut to wheat flour had the best baking properties. Mixtures with 10 and 15% chestnut addition showed the best baking characteristic.
Microbiological Quality and Organoleptic Property of Meat and Fish Preserved with Oil from Dacryodes Edulis Seed
Authors: Oniyide Temitope Julianah , Ogidi Clement Olusola , Akinyele Bamidele Juliet 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The bioactive compounds contributing to aroma and natural antimicrobial potential of oil from Dacryodes edulis seed can be harnessed in food industries as food preservatives. This study therefore, reveals the preservative effect and organoleptic property of meat and fish preserved with oil from D. edulis seed. Proximate and mineral analysis of oil were carried out using standard methods. Preservative quality of oil on fish and meat was investigated at 4°C and 37°C. Organoleptic property of preserved fish and meat was determined using trained panellists. Fat, protein, carbohydrates, crude fibre, ash and moisture content of oil from D. edulis seed are 55.7%, 18.7%, 10.8%, 7.1%, 4.6% and 3.1%, respectively. Potassium (106.5 µg/g) and phosphorous (102.5 µg/g) have the relatively highest values compared (p<0.05) to other minerals like zinc, iron, calcium, magnesium, and sodium. Better preservative property of oil was observed on fried fish and meat kept at 4°C with no microbial growth. The highest microbial load (3.95 × 106 cfu/g) occurred in fresh chicken coated with oil from D. edulis seed after 7 days of preservation. Fish and meat fried with oil from D. edulis seed were well accepted (9.00) than those fried with groundnut oil (3.50). Oil from D. edulis seed is an edible oil that can be utilized as alternative vegetable oil with natural preservatives and embedded nutrients.
Differences in the Pollen Content of Varieties of Polish Honey from Urban and Rural Apiaries
Authors: Gamrat Renata , Puc Małgorzata , Gałczyńska Małgorzata , Bosiacki Mateusz , Witczak Agata , Telesiński Arkadiusz 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The value of honey as a natural food product is influenced by its pollen content, with the dominant type of pollen conferring specific medicinal properties. The present study examines the pollen spectra of 31 honeys from urban (linden, acacia, polyfloral, honeydew) and rural (rape, acacia, polyfloral, honeydew) apiaries in Poland. The pollen in content in honey ranged from 0.2 to 88 %. In total, 76 plant taxa were identified, 21 of which were assigned to forms A, B and C. Higher pollen grain content and a greater diversity of honey plant taxa were found in the urban honey, particularly polyfloral honey; this could be attributed to the rich variety of plants found in urban green areas compared to rural areas ones.
Biochemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Different Preparations from Microbial Waste of the Beer Industry
Authors: Chiseliţa Natalia , Chiseliţa Oleg , Beşliu Alina , Efremova Nadejda , Tofan Elena , Sprincean Ana , Daniliş Marina , Rotari Doina , Rotaru Ana 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this research was to evaluate the biochemical composition and antioxidant activity of different natural preparations obtained from the yeast biomass of beer industry waste. It was found that the preparations had a valuable biochemical composition, high antioxidant activities, a broad spectrum of immunoactive and essential amino acids, and that their protein and carbohydrate contents varied depending on the extraction stage and solvent. In conclusion, the varied biochemical composition, significant antioxidant and enzymatic activities, the innocuousness of Saccharomyces yeasts for living organisms, suggest that the obtained preparations can be an excellent source of biologically active substances and that their high biological activity presents a considerable potential for animal husbandry, food industry and cosmetics.
Accrual-based and cash-based earnings management in Algeria: substitution or complementary
Authors: Bilal Kimouche 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Managers are often employed many alternatives for earnings management following their objectives or the financial reporting objectives; the commonly used are the accrual-based and cash-based earnings management. The literature reveals that managers adopt the two strategies in different ways, suggesting a mixed relationship between them. Hence, this study investigates the relationship between the two strategies of earnings management in Algeria, whether it is a substitute or complementary. The study included 30 Algerian companies during 2011-2019, so a total of 270 firm-year observations were employed. Accrual-based earnings management was measured through the modified-Jones model, while cash-based earnings management was measured through the abnormal cash flows model. According to the results, Algerian companies engage more in accrual-based earnings management and employ the two strategies as substitutes, which explains the strong and negative effect of accrual-based on cash-based earnings management. We argue that companies engage first in accrual-based earnings management, and then they shift towards cash-based earnings management due to auditors’ scrutiny. Furthermore, we found a positive and a medium effect of return on equity on cash-based earnings management, which reflects the managers’ desire to adjust operating cash flows consistent with the reported earnings. Finally, the results indicated that company ownership, company listing, and the nature of financial statements do not affect cash-based earnings management.
Is the effect of public debt on inflation symmetric or asymmetric? Evidence from the Gambia
Authors: Aimola Akingbade U. , Odhiambo Nicholas M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Several studies have identified the impact of total public debt on inflation. These studies are based on the assumption of a symmetric relationship between these variables. However, because different governments react to changes in total public debt (positive or negative) differently, this study employed the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) technique to investigate the nature of the link between total public debt and inflation in the Gambia for the period from 1978 to 2019. The results indicate an asymmetric relationship between total public debt and inflation, irrespective of whether the analysis was conducted in the short run or long run. The coefficient of a positive shock in total public debt is statistically significant in the short run and in the long run, suggesting the inflationary effect of positive variation in total public debt in the Gambia. On the other hand, the effect of a negative shock is not statistically significant in the short run or in the long run. These findings reinforce the need for government to approach increase in public debt with caution to minimise volatility in inflation. Overall, this study provides a fresh insight into the optimal estimation technique for testing the public debt–inflation nexus through a nonlinear approach.
Development of an Adaptive Genetic Algorithm to Optimize the Problem Of Unequal Facility Location
Authors: Budi Hendrik Setia , Elveny Marischa , Zhuravlev Pavel , Jalil Abduladheem Turki , Al-Janabi Samaher , Alkaim Ayad F. , Saleh Marwan Mahmood , Shichiyakh Rustem Adamovich , Sutarto  
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The problem of unequal facility location involves determining the location of a set of production equipment whose dimensions are different, as well as the interrelationships between each of them. This paper presents an efficient method for optimizing the problem of unequal facility layouts. In this method, the genetic algorithm is improved and developed into an adaptive genetic algorithm. In this algorithm, the mutation operator is applied only when the similarity of chromosomes in each population reaches a certain level. This intelligence prevents jumps in situations where they are not needed and reduces computational time. In order to measure the performance of the proposed algorithm, its performance is compared with the performance of conventional genetic algorithms and refrigeration simulators. Computational results show that the adaptive genetic algorithm is able to achieve higher-quality solutions.
Optimizing the Multi-Level Location-Assignment Problem in Queue Networks Using a Multi-Objective Optimization Approach
Authors: Syah Rahmad , Elveny Marischa , Soerjati Enni , Guerrero John William Grimaldo , Jowad Rawya Read , Suksatan Wanich , Aravindhan Surendar , Voronkova Olga Yuryevna , Mavaluru Dinesh 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Using hubs in distribution networks is an efficient approach. In this paper, a model for the location-allocation problem is designed within the framework of the queuing network in which services have several levels, and customers must go through these levels to complete the service. The purpose of the model is to locate an appropriate number of facilities among potential locations and allocate customers. The model is presented as a multi-objective nonlinear mixed-integer programming model. The objective functions include the summation of the customer and the waiting time in the system and the waiting time in the system and minimizing the maximum possibility of unemployment in the facility. To solve the model, the technique of accurate solution of the epsilon constraint method is used for multi-objective optimization, and Pareto solutions of the problem will be calculated. Moreover, the sensitivity analysis of the problem is performed, and the results demonstrate sensitivity to customer demand rate. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the proposed model is able to greatly summate the customer and the waiting time in the system and reduce the maximum probability of unemployment at several levels of all facilities. The model can also be further developed by choosing vehicles for each customer.
Designing a Green Supply Chain Transportation System for an Automotive Company Based On Bi-Objective Optimization
Authors: Syah Rahmad , Nasution Mahyuddin. M , Shol Vladimir Vladimirovich , Kireeva Natalia , Jalil Abduladheem Turki , Chen Tzu-Chia , Aravindhan Surendar , Abood Emad Salaam , Alkaim Ayad F. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Recently, due to the increasing awareness of communities regarding environmental issues and environmental regulations, companies have evolved to provide products with lower prices and better quality to retain and attract customers. Economics should also pay attention to environmental goals. Therefore, it is essential to provide a supply chain model that can consider both economic and environmental objectives. In this paper, the green direct supply chain network is presented to an automotive company, including five suppliers, primary warehouses, manufacturing plants, distributors, and sales centers. The objectives of this model are to minimize the total cost of construction, transportation, and the amount of carbon dioxide emissions during forwarding network transportation at all levels. The proposed model is also drawn using the weight method, which is one of the methods for solving multi-objective problems, and the solution of the model part. Ultimately, it has been discussed how much the automobile company should focus on reducing carbon dioxide so that managers can determine the best solutions from the Pareto border according to their organization’s priorities, which can be environmental or financial.
Duality Notions in Real Projective Plane
Authors: Coghetto Roland 
Published: July 2022

Summary
In this article, we check with the Mizar system [1], [2], the converse of Desargues’ theorem and the converse of Pappus’ theorem of the real projective plane. It is well known that in the projective plane, the notions of points and lines are dual [11], [9], [15], [8]. Some results (analytical, synthetic, combinatorial) of projective geometry are already present in some libraries Lean/Hott [5], Isabelle/Hol [3], Coq [13], [14], [4], Agda [6], . . . .
Proofs of dual statements by proof assistants have already been proposed, using an axiomatic method (for example see in [13] - the section on duality: “[...] For every theorem we prove, we can easily derive its dual using our function swap [...]2”).
In our formalisation, we use an analytical rather than a synthetic approach using the definitions of Leończuk and Prażmowski of the projective plane [12]. Our motivation is to show that it is possible by developing dual definitions to find proofs of dual theorems in a few lines of code.
In the first part, rather technical, we introduce definitions that allow us to construct the duality between the points of the real projective plane and the lines associated to this projective plane. In the second part, we give a natural definition of line concurrency and prove that this definition is dual to the definition of alignment. Finally, we apply these results to find, in a few lines, the dual properties and theorems of those defined in the article [12] (transitive, Vebleian, at_least_3rank, Fanoian, Desarguesian, 2-dimensional).
We hope that this methodology will allow us to continued more quickly the proof started in [7] that the Beltrami-Klein plane is a model satisfying the axioms of the hyperbolic plane (in the sense of Tarski geometry [10]).
Relationship between the Riemann and Lebesgue Integrals
Authors: Endou Noboru 
Published: July 2022

Summary
The goal of this article is to clarify the relationship between Riemann and Lebesgue integrals. In previous article [5], we constructed a one-dimensional Lebesgue measure. The one-dimensional Lebesgue measure provides a measure of any intervals, which can be used to prove the well-known relationship [6] between the Riemann and Lebesgue integrals [1]. We also proved the relationship between the integral of a given measure and that of its complete measure. As the result of this work, the Lebesgue integral of a bounded real valued function in the Mizar system [2], [3] can be calculated by the Riemann integral.