bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in hepatic circadian genes and liver function caused by sleep deprivation
Authors: Su Yongjun , Chen Ting , Ke Peng , Liu Shengfeng , Zheng Chengjie , Wu Han , Wu Xiaodan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background. Sleep is an essential physiological activity for human beings, while sleep deprivation (SD) has become a public health concern and causes damage to multiple organs. Circadian rhythms generated by endogenous circadian clocks play an important role in human activities and have become one of the hot spots of research in life sciences. However, there is still a lack of studies on the role of circadian genes and liver function after SD. Here we aimed to investigate the changes and relationship of circadian genes and liver function after SD, providing strategies for preventing liver injury caused by SD.Methods. Datasets GSE92913 from Gene expression omnibus (GEO) were used to explore differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Subsequently, Gene oncology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) were performed to explore the function of DEGs and differentially expressed circadian genes. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis was employed to identify important circadian genes, with their relationship determined by the Pearson correlation analysis. The transcript level and protein level of circadian genes in liver were verified. Besides, after SD, the expression of circadian genes was investigated. Moreover, CIBERSORT was performed in R software to analyze the immune environment in the liver after SD.Results. The quality of datasets GSE92913 met the criteria for further analysis. Functional analysis on DEGs showed that metabolic process and circadian rhythms in liver were significantly suppressed after SD. MCODE analysis obtained 16 most important circadian genes, most of which shared a high correlation. Seven kinds of immune cells changed after SD, such as CD4 naïve T cells and M2 macrophages. Six circadian genes exhibited a relationship with immune cells. Finally, DEGs based on Cry1, one of the most important circadian genes, showed an association with metabolic function and circadian rhythms.Conclusions. Liver metabolism and circadian rhythms are impaired after SD. Disorder of circadian genes is a factor in suppressing metabolism after SD. Also, six circadian genes play crucial roles in the immune environment. These findings provide potential strategies for the treatment of liver injury after SD.
LncRNA TUG1 contributes post-stroke NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis via miR-145a-5p/TLR4 axis
Authors: Yu Jian , Yao Meiling , Luo Ying , Li Hongjie , Liao Songjie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective: Pyroptosis, a type of programmed cell death illuminated by inflammasomes and active caspases, is implicated in post-stroke inflammation. Our previous study showed that lncRNA taurine up-regulated gene 1 (TUG1) sponging miR-145a-5p modulated microglial activation after oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). However, the role and mechanism of TUG1 on post-stroke pyroptosis is not fully clear.Methods: Photo-thrombosis stroke mice and OGD-treated BV-2 microglia were established respectively. TUG1 knockdown or overexpression was achieved by intraventricular infusion of AAV-shTUG1 in vivo, or transfection of siTUG1 and pcDNA3.1-TUG1 in vitro. Neurological function and infarction volume were evaluated. Meanwhile, pyroptosis-associated proteins (IL-1β, IL-18, NLRP3, ASC, cleaved-caspase-1 and GSDMD-N), TLR4 and p-p65/p65 as well as TUG1 and miR-145a-5p were detected 24 hours after photo-thrombosis or 4 hours after OGD by qRT-PCR, western blot and ELISA. The correlation between TUG1/miR-145a-5p/TLR4 axis and pyroptosis was explored by dual-luciferase reporter assay and functional gain-and-loss experiments. Results: Photo-thrombosis or OGD caused neural injury and upregulated pyroptosis-associated proteins, TUG1, TLR4 and p-p65 as well as downregulated miR-145a-5p, which was prevented by TUG1 knockdown in vivo and in vitro. TLR4 gene, putatively binding with miR-145a-5p by bioinformatics analysis, was found to be a direct target of miR-145a-5p with negative interactions. Furthermore, miR-145a-5p inhibitor abolished the inhibitive effects of siTUG1 on TLR4 and p-p65 as well as pyroptosis-associated proteins, whereas miR-145a-5p mimics abrogated the enhanced effects of pcDNA3.1-TUG1 on that, suggesting an involvement of TUG1/miR-145a-5p/TLR4 axis on pyroptosis.Conclusion: TUG1 contributes NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis through miR-145a-5p/TLR4 axis post stroke, providing a promising therapeutic strategy against inflammatory injury.
Modifiable predictors of health literacy in working-age adults - A rapid review and meta-analysis
Authors: Singh Hunny , Kolschen Jonathan , Samkange-Zeeb Florence , Brand Tilman , Zeeb Hajo , Schüz Benjamin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Health literacy comprises the ability to identify, obtain, interpret and act upon health information. Low health literacy is a major risk factor for hospitalizations, use of emergency care and premature mortality among others. Known risk factors for low health literacy such as lower educational attainment, migration history and chronic illnesses overlap with those for long-term unemployment – in itself a risk factor for low health literacy. These factors are difficult to address in interventions to support health literacy. Therefore, the objective of this review is to identify potentially modifiable predictors of HL in populations potentially affected by long-term unemployment.
Methods
Rapid review (PROSPERO registration number: 290873) in Pubmed and SCOPUS including quantitative studies on potentially modifiable predictors of health literacy in working-age populations following PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews. Where possible, reported effect sizes were transformed into r, and random-effects meta-analyses were conducted where appropriate to pool effect sizes for the association between modifiable predictors and health literacy.
Results
In total, 4765 titles and abstracts were screened, 114 articles were assessed in full-text screening, and 54 were included in the review. 41 effect sizes were considered for 9 different meta-analyses. Higher language proficiency, higher frequency of internet use, using the internet as a source of health information more often, being more physically active, more oral health behaviours, watching more health-related TV and a good health status were significantly associated with higher health literacy. Significant heterogeneity suggests between-study differences.
Conclusions
Improving language proficiency and/or providing information in multiple and simplified languages, together with reliable and accessible health information on the internet and in linear media are potentially promising targets to improve health literacy levels in working-age populations.
Histological and histomorphometrical evaluation of Bio-Oss, Cerabone, and i-PRF for bone regeneration in critical bone defects: An in vivo study
Authors: Boia Juliana Ribeiro de Albuquerque , Soares Lélio Fernando Ferreira , Passos Gustavo Patrício , Neves Juliana dos Santos , Mariano Ronaldo Célio , Junior Noé Vital Ribeiro 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the bone regeneration performance of the xenografts Bio-Oss and Cerabone, isolated and associated with i-PRF, in critical bone defects in rat calvaria. Materials and Methods: Surgical defects were performed and filled with different materials, according to the referred groups: clot (CG), autogenous bone (AG), Bio-Oss (BO), Cerabone (CB), i-PRF homogenous (i-PRF), Bio-Oss associated with i-PRF (BOPRF) and Cerabone associated with i-PRF (CBPRF). The animals were euthanized for histological and histomorphometric analysis after 4 and 8 weeks. Statistical analysis for bone neoformation assessment was performed by ANOVA and complemented by Tukey's test. Results: The AG group exhibited the highest mean for bone neoformation (37.83 ± 7.96) in this study. Among the bone substitutes, CBPRF group (18.79 ± 5.98) exhibited highest means (p<0.05) compared to BO group (10.20 ± 2.82) and CG group (6.96 ± 3.29). i-PRF group (17.07 ± 4.95), BOPRF group (16.86 ± 6.14), BO group (10.20 ± 2.82), and CB group (16.15 ± 4.72) were not significant among them (p>0.05). Conclusions: According to the results obtained in this study, it was observed that Cerabone® and Bio-Oss®, associated with i-PRF, exhibited a satisfactory applicability to fill critical defects, favoring the bone regeneration process. Clinical Relevance: To the authors' best knowledge, no study in the literature has been found so far, in animals or humans, that compares and associates the materials cited in this study.
The Use of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques to Assess Proprioceptive Impairments of the Upper Limb after Stroke
Authors: Hossain Delowar , Scott Stephen , Cluff Tyler , Dukelow Sean 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Proprioception is commonly impaired after stroke. Robotic tools precisely measure multiple attributes of position sense and create large datasets. Previously, we quantified individual performance based on single measured robotic parameters and an overall task score in an arm position matching (APM) task. In the present manuscript, we used machine learning and deep learning techniques to classify whether individuals had a stroke or not based on their robotic APM task performance.
Methods
Participants performed an APM task in the Kinarm exoskeleton robot that produced 12 parameters to quantify multiple attributes of position sense. We first quantified impairment in individual parameters and overall task score by determining if participants with stroke fell outside of the 95% cut-off score of control (normative) values. Then, we applied five machine learning algorithms: Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Random Forest with Hyperparameters Tuning, and Support Vector Machine; and a deep learning algorithm: Deep Neural Network, to classify individual participants as to whether or not they had a stroke based only on robotic assessment results using a 10-fold cross-validation approach.
Results
We recruited 429 participants with neuroimaging confirmed stroke (< 35 days post-stroke) and 465 healthy controls. Depending on the APM parameter, we observed that 10.9–48.4% of stroke participants were impaired. Using the overall task score, 44% were impaired. The mean performance metrics of machine learning and deep learning models were: accuracy 82.4%, precision 85.6%, recall 76.5%, and F1 score 80.6%. All machine learning and deep learning models displayed similar classification accuracy; however, the Random Forest model had the highest numerical accuracy (83%). Our models showed high sensitivity and specificity (AUC = 0.89) in classifying individual participants based on their performance in the APM task. We also found that variability was the most important feature of classifying performance in the APM task.
Conclusion
Our machine learning and deep learning models displayed similar classification accuracy. Each model classified more participants correctly as stroke or control than classification of impairment based on individual parameters or overall task score using a cut-off score. Machine learning and deep learning techniques may provide opportunities to better understand proprioceptive impairments after stroke.
Diagnostic guidance for patients with persistent pulmonary abnormalities after COVID-19 infection: the potential benefit of 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT
Authors: Sviridenko Anna , Boehm Anna , Santo Gianpaolo Di , Uprimny Christian , Nilica Bernhard , Fritz Josef , L.Giesel Frederik , Haberkorn Uwe , Sahanic Sabina , Decristoforo Clemens , Tancevski Ivan , Widmann Gerlig , Loeffler-Ragg Judith , Virgolini Irene 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related pneumonia challenges clinical practice. We explore the potential diagnostic benefit of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in order to establish the underlying inflammatory or fibrotic repair processes in prolonged structural lung abnormalities in COVID-19 patients.Methods: Six post-COVID-19 patients suspected for pulmonary fibrosis were scheduled for dual tracer PET/CT with 18 F-FDG (fluorodeoxyglucose) and 68Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI)-46. The uptake of 68 Ga FAPI-46 in the involved lung was compared to a control group of nine non COVID-19 patients. Clinical data and PET/CT imaging were collected and analysed.Results: PET/CT revealed in all six pulmonary impaired patients the reduced glucose avidity on 18 F-FDG and clear positivity on 68 Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT in comparison to the control group. Conclusion: Indicating fibrotic repair mechanisms, 68 Ga-FAPI PET/CT may enhance non-invasive clinical diagnostic performance, drive therapeutic interventions, and facilitate therapeutic response monitoring in patients with long-term CT-abnormalities after severe COVID-19.
Low-temperature Argon Plasma Jet with Cascading Electrode Technique for Biological Applications
Authors: Ghomi Hamid , Seyfi Pourya , Keshavarzi Maryam , Zahedi Saeed , Khademi Ahmad 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this study, the design, performance, and characteristics of a low-temperature argon plasma jet with cascading electrode technique (APJCE) are presented. APJCE is designed based on a tip-ring structure with a cascading ring. The effect of plasma jet driven by repetitive high-voltage microsecond pulses in APJCE structure was measured qualitatively in local surface temperature detection system. Then, by applying the generated plasma jet to biological surface and measuring and characterizing the electrical parameters, we obtained a plasma jet, which is electrically and thermally in the cold plasma regime. Simulation of the electric field distribution in the nozzle also yielded similar results to the experimental results. Finally, by cascading electrodes, we were able to guide the plasma column to the nozzle output so that the plasma temperature in four centimeter of the nozzle output is 37℃. The resulting plasma jets were studied by atomic emission spectroscopy and the intensity of the spectral lines of the atmospheric argon plasma jet spectra was obtained as a final experimental result at the output.
Pilot study of home phototherapy for neonatal jaundice monitored in maternity ward during the enforced Italy-wide COVID-19 national lockdown
Authors: Zanardo Vincenzo , Guerrini Pietro , Sandri Andrea , Ramon Clara Maria , Severino Lorenzo , Garani Gianpaolo , Mesirca Paolo , Straface Gianluca 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose In Italy, where neonatal jaundice treatment is required, it is largely carried out in hospitals. However, it is possible to safely administer home phototherapy (HPT). We report our pilot centre’s experience of HPT and its potential benefits during the COVID-19 enforced national lockdown. Methods This is an observational study performed at the Policlinic Abano Terme, a suburban hospital that covers a large catchment area near the Euganean Hills in Northeast Italy with around 1,000 deliveries per year. HPT was started after regular nursery discharge, and the mothers brought the neonates back to the hospital maternity ward each day to check infants’ bilirubin levels, weight, and general state of health, until it was deemed safe to stop. The efficacy of HPT in bilirubin reduction, hospital readmission rates, and parental satisfaction were evaluated.Results 30 infants received HPT. In 4 of these infants HPT was associated with total serum bilirubin (TSB) between 75th and 95th percentile (high- intermediate-risk zone) and in 26 infants HPT was associated with TSB >95th percentile (high-risk zone) of the Bhutani nomogram. Among these 30 infants, 27 (90%) completed the HPT with a progressive decrease of TSB levels with 4 neonates requiring a second course and 3 infants requiring a third course of 24-hour HPT. 3 (10%) neonates failed HPT and were readmitted after one 24-hour phototherapy course. No abnormalities of breastfeeding, body weight (defined as >10% decrease), temperature, nor COVID infections were detected following HPT consultation in the neonatal ward. Home treatment efficacy with varying degrees of parental satisfaction occurred in all but 3 cases that involved difficulties with the equipment and inconsistent lamp manipulation practices. Conclusions Our pilot study suggests that HPT for neonatal jaundice can be carried out effectively and with parental satisfaction as supported by daily back bilirubin monitoring in the maternity ward during the enforced COVID-19 national lockdown in Italy.
Temperature effects on root exudation in mature beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forests along an elevational gradient
Authors: Leuschner Christoph , Tückmantel Timo , Meier Ina C 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Aims: Root exudation is an important process with presumed large impact on soil biological activity and nutrient cycling. Recent advances in in situ-measurement techniques have enabled deeper insights into the impact of tree root exudation on rhizosphere processes, but the abiotic and biotic controls of exudation rate remain poorly understood. We explored the temperature dependence of exudation of mature beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) trees.Methods: We measured fine root exudation in seven beech forests along an elevational gradient (310-800 m a.s.l.) and related C-flux rates to prevailing and mean summer temperatures (MST), soil moisture, soil chemistry, and root morphological traits. Results: Average mass-specific exudation (averaged over all sampling dates) ranged from 12.2 µg C g-1 h-1 to 21.6 µg C g-1 h-1 with lowest rates measured at highest elevations and peak rates at mid elevation (490 m). Regression analyses showed a highly significant positive effect of prevailing air and soil temperature on exudation rates (p <0.01) with an average increase by 2 µg C g-1 h-1 per 1 °C temperature increase, identifying temperature as the most influential factor among the tested climatic, edaphic and root morphological parameters. Relations to soil moisture, mean annual precipitation, topsoil N concentration (all negative), and specific root length and soil pH (positive) were less tight, the relation to MST insignificant. Conclusions: Root exudation of beech trees is to a considerable extent controlled by prevailing temperature, whereas the dependence on the site’s average summer temperature is weak.
The Roles of APOBEC-mediated RNA Editing in SARS-CoV-2 Mutations, Replication and Fitness
Authors: Kim Kyumin , Calabrese Peter , Wang Shanshan , Qin Chao , Rao Youliang , Feng Pinghui , Chen Xiaojiang S. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
During COVID-19 pandemic, mutations of SARS-CoV-2 produce new strains that can be more infectious or evade vaccines. Viral RNA mutations can arise from misincorporation by RNA-polymerases and modification by host factors. Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 sequence from patients showed a strong bias toward C-to-U mutation, suggesting a potential mutational role by host APOBEC cytosine deaminases that possess broad anti-viral activity. We report the first experimental evidence demonstrating that APOBEC3A, APOBEC1, and APOBEC3G can edit on specific sites of SARS-CoV-2 RNA to produce C-to-U mutations. However, SARS-CoV-2 replication and viral progeny production in Caco-2 cells are not inhibited by the expression of these APOBECs. Instead, expression of wild-type APOBEC3 greatly promotes viral replication/propagation, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 utilizes the APOBEC-mediated mutations for fitness and evolution. Unlike the random mutations, this study suggests the predictability of all possible viral genome mutations by these APOBECs based on the UC/AC motifs and the viral genomic RNA structure.
Is primary anastomosis a safe procedure? Comparison between primary anastomosis without diverting stoma and Hartmann’s procedure for colorectal perforation: A single- center, retrospective study
Authors: omoto ryosuke , Takeyama Hiroshi , Noura Shingo , Suzuki Yozo , Odagiri Kazuki , Yanagimoto Yoshitomo , Yamashita Masafumi , Shimizu Junzo , Imamura Hiroshi , Iwazawa Takashi , Tomita Naohiro , Dono Keizo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundHartmann’s procedure (HP) has been performed for colorectal perforation to avoid the risk of anastomotic leakage. Few reports have compared the safety between primary anastomosis without diverting stoma (PAWODS) and HP for colorectal perforation, and whether PAWODS or HP should be performed has remained controversial. We aimed to investigate the feasibility and safety of performing PAWODS in comparison to HP for colorectal perforation.Methods We retrospectively collected the data of 97 consecutive patients with colorectal perforation who underwent surgery from April 2010 to December 2020. PAWODS and HP were performed in 51 and 46 patients, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to compare the clinical characteristics and postoperative outcomes of patients treated with PAWODS with those treated with HP . ResultsIn the multivariate analysis, low serum albumin (hazard ratio [HR]=3.49 [95%CI=1.247-9.757] P=0.017) and left-sided colon and rectum perforation (HR=16.8 [95%CI=1.792-157.599] P=0.014) were significantly associated with the decision to perform HP. There was significant difference in the mortality of the two groups (PAWODS vs. HP: 0% vs. 8.7%; P=0.047). The severe morbidity rate (Clavien-Dindo III-V) was significantly higher in the HP group (PAWODS vs. HP: 10% vs. 30%; P=0.020). In the PAWODS group, anastomotic leakage occurred in 5 of 51 patients (9.8%), 4 (8.7%) of whom required re-operation.ConclusionsIn appropriately selected patients, PAWODS could be safely performed with an acceptable rate of anastomotic leakage. The serum albumin level and site of perforation may be simple and useful factors for guiding decision-making on the surgical procedure.
Intrusion Detection Using Rule Based Approach in RPL Networks
Authors: Muniyal Balachandra , Belavagi Manjula C 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
To satisfy the growing need of wireless sensor networks in areas of defence, Internet of Things, health care, environmental monitoring, and so on., IETF has proposed a new Routing Protocol for Low power and Lossy networks which works with IPv6. The nodes of these network are placed in vulnerable environments and critical,sensitive information is transferred between them based on the application. Hence, the security of such a network is very important. Intrusion Detection System plays an important role in providing security to such types of networks, which is computationally costly owing to the limited resources of sensor nodes. By considering the capabilities of wireless sensor networks, an intrusion detection model is designed using Logistic Regression, Gaussian Naive Bayes, Artificial Neural Networks, Support Vector Machine and Random Forest and analyzed on IEEE-IoT-IDS, WSN-DS, and simulated data. Based on the analysis, suitable machine learning algorithm is selected for rule generation. Later, multiple attacks are identified using Rule Based Approach (RBA). For the efficient utilization of the sensor node s energy, the rule based algorithm executes at the base station. Experimental results show that the proposed method gives good results in the identification of multiple intrusions.