bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TRAUMATIC DISEASE AND MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE SYNDROME IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE TRAUMA
Authors: Гридасова Е.И. 
Published: March 2022

В работе изложены этапы формирования концепции травматической болезни, рассмотрены механизмы развития полиорганной недостаточности, представлена методологическая роль использования термина «травматическая болезнь» у пострадавших с травмой.
The paper describes the stages of formation of the concept of traumatic disease; examines the mechanisms of the development of multiple organ failure, presents the methodological role of using the term "traumatic illness" in injured people.
DYNAMICS OF INDICATORS OF HYPOTHALAMO-HYPOPHYSICAL AND THYROID SYSTEM IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE CORONAVIRAL INFECTION IN THE BACKGROUND OF INTENSIVE THERAPY
Authors: Колесников А.Н. , Колесникова В.В. , Матиева Л.М. , Кварацхелия Л.Г. 
Published: March 2022

На сегодняшний день доказано, что новая коронавирусная инфекция поражает не только дыхательную, но и другие системы организма. Особого внимания заслуживает влияние ковид-инфекции на центральную нервную и эндокринную системы.
To date, it has been proven that a new coronavirus infection affects not only the respiratory, but also other body systems. The effect of covid infection on the central nervous and endocrine systems deserves special attention.
NEW PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF IMMUNODEPRESSANTS IN COVID-19 (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Колесников А.Н. , Скоробогатый Р.В. 
Published: March 2022

Острая респираторная вирусная инфекция привела к пандемии, мы столкнулись с ранее неизвестным заболеванием, поражающие преимущественно дыхательную систему с высокой летальностью. Сейчас мы его называем COVID-19. На сегодняшний момент нет эффективного лечения, врачи всего мира пытаются подобрать «ключ» к вирусной инфекции. В литературном обзоре представлены последние результаты исследований антагонистов рецепторов к IL-1 и IL-6 их положительное влияние на органы и системы организма, новые перспективы применения в терапии COVID-19 и открывает возможности для дальнейшего исследования данной группы препаратов.
Acute respiratory viral infection led to a pandemic, we are faced with a previously unknown disease, affecting mainly the respiratory system with high mortality. We now call it COVID-19. At the moment there is no effective treatment, doctors all over the world are trying to find a "key" to a viral infection. The literature review presents the latest results of studies of antagonists of receptors to IL-1 and IL-6, their positive effect on organs and systems of the body, new prospects for use in COVID-19 therapy and opens up opportunities for further research of this group of drugs.
BIOTERRORISM AND STATE STRATEGY IN THE FIELD OF CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SAFETY
Authors: Колесникова А.Г. , Максимова М.А. , Жадан Е.С. , Бевза Я.В. , Колесников Н.Е. 
Published: March 2022

В статье рассматривается проблема терроризма, его «исторические корни» и характеристики современного периода. Особое внимание уделяется такому явлению как биологический терроризм, который принял масштаб международного характера и угрожает безопасности государств. В связи с этим рассматриваются роль государства его основные направления в области биологической безопасности, которые изложены в указе Президента РФ от 11.03.2019 №97 «Об Основах государственной политики Российской Федерации в области обеспечения химической и биологической безопасности на период до 2025 года и дальнейшую перспективу»
The article examines the problem of terrorism, its "historical roots" and features of the modern period. Particular attention is paid to such a phenomenon as biological terrorism, which is taking on an international scale and threatening the security of states. In this regard, the role of the state in the field of biological safety is being considered, which is enshrined in the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 11, 2019 № 97
DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENT OF POLYTRAUMA. ORGANIZATIONAL AND TACTICAL ASPECTS
Authors: Лобанов Г.В. 
Published: March 2022

Высокая летальность и организационные проблемы в оказании помощи пострадавшим с политравмой обращают внимание различных авторов во многих странах и регионах на выполнение протоколов и концепций, которые бы позволили бы улучшить раннее соответствующее лечение (Early Appropriate Care (EAC)), стратегию безопасной окончательной операции (Safe Definitive Surgery (SDS) и быстрое индивидуальное безопасное лечение (‘Prompt-Individualised Safe Management’ (PR.I.S.M.)). Новые концепции оказания помощи при политравме - еще требуют клинических доказательств. Мы доказываем концепцию «метаболической реабилитации», использование которой позволяет значительно снизить показатели смертности и инвалидности, улучшить функциональные исходы. Жизнь пострадавшего с политравмой зависит от правильного организационного подхода вначале лечим «митохондриальную бурю», которая обосновывает формирование «цитокинового шторма» и приводит к полиорганной недостаточности (травматическая болезнь). Это прежде всего мероприятия направленные на спасение жизни, восстановление метаболизма и адекватной оксигенации, как это доказывает развитие COVID-19. Несмотря на появившиеся успехи по-прежнему проблема точной диагностики и малоинвазивного лечения остается актуальной для клиник политравмы.
Providing assistance to victims with polytrauma requires the development of modern approaches to diagnosis and treatment, both organizationally and tactically. Modern principles of care lead to the understanding that a thorough study of the victim's immune status, his metabolic response to trauma, is crucial for the possibility of preserving his life for a patient with polytrauma. The concept of "metabolic rehabilitation" has been developed, which is based on the following patterns: 1) in acute and early periods with polytrauma, cardiac activity and tissue oxygenation do not suffer from a decrease in erythrocyte counts to: erythrocytes 2.8, Hb 80, Ht 32%; 2) the principle of "permissible hypotension", blood pressure (100 mm Hg) Provides adequate tissue perfusion and reduces blood loss; 3) early minimally invasive surgery (external fixation of injuries of the musculoskeletal system using the concept of “separately controlled rod”); 4) operations are accompanied by early intensive therapy with long-term artificial ventilation of the lungs; 5) SIRS operations are excluded, with the exception of "rescue" operations. The main change in Damage Control Orthopedics is the approach to the patient with polytrauma from the standpoint of the balance of diagnostic manipulations with resuscitation. The system of therapeutic measures should include: a - a general complex for the elimination of the crisis state of the basic vital functions of the body and the correction of life support systems; b - directly measures to restore the anatomical structures and functions of damaged organs and segments, depending on the specific combination and nature of the damage.
DEVELOPMENT OF ALGORITHMS TO HELP VICTIMS IN CONDITIONS OF LOCAL CONFLICTS RECEIVING HELP IN HOSPITALS OPERATING IN THE COMBAT ZONE
Authors: Колесников А.Н. , Плиев А.М. , Слепушкин В.Д. 
Published: March 2022

В проведенном открытом, рандомизированном, многоцентровом, ретроспективном исследовании, достигнута цель в виде снижения рисков и шансов летальности у пострадавших, в условиях локальных конфликтов, получающих помощь в больницах, функционирующих в зоне боевых действий, за счет усовершенствования методов диагностики шока при различных видах травматического повреждения и тактики анестезиолого-реанимационной помощи на этапах сортировки и оказания помощи.Ключевые слова: триаж, анестезиология, интенсивная терапия, транспортировка
In an open, randomized, multicenter, retrospective study, the goal was achieved in the form of reducing the risks and chances of mortality in victims, in local conflicts, receiving assistance in hospitals operating in the war zone, by improving methods for diagnosing shock in various types of traumatic injury and tactics of anesthetic and resuscitation care at the stages of triage and care.
Prevalence of Obesity and Overweight and Its Correlates among 20-40 Year Old Population in an Urban Area in Southern India
Authors: Sidenur Bhagyalaxmi , Gowrishankar  , Mupparapu Sudharani 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally, with at least 2.8 million people dying each year as a result of consequences of overweight or obesity. The study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of Overweight and obesity among 20-40 years old residing in an urban area in North Karnataka and to study the risk factors affecting overweight and obesity.
Methods: A Cross Sectional Study was done among adults aged 20-40 years in urban field practice area in North Karnataka in 2017-18. The sample size was calculated to be 207. Selection of study subjects was done using systematic random sampling. Data regarding socio-demographic profile and anthropometric measurements were collected and BMI calculated.
Results: The prevalence of overweight was 45.9% and obesity was 11.1%. Females had more prevalence of overweight (46.8%) and obesity (13.8%) as compared to males. overweight was more in sedentary workers (50%).There was a high prevalence of obesity among participants with mixed diet(82.6%) and 63.1% of participants eating junk food were overweight and 69.5% were obese. The prevalence of overweight was more among participants with class IV socioeconomic status (45.3%) followed by class III (31.6%).
Conclusion: There is a growing prevalence of overweight and obesity in urban areas that calls for an urgent need to prevent the further consequences and decrease the burden.
Comparative Acceptability of Weightbearing Physical Activity in Sporting Footwear Versus Barefoot in Habitually Shod Individuals
Authors: Than Christian A. , Seidl Laura A. , Beck Belinda R. 
Published: March 2022

Background: Perceived acceptability of barefoot use has largely been ignored in the literature despite its importance to long-term implementation and behavior change. This study aimed to compare the acceptability of undertaking weightbearing physical activities in regular running shoes versus barefoot in habitually shod individuals.
Methods: Healthy young men and women were recruited from the Gold Coast. Participants completed six activities (ie, lunges, walking, jogging, sidestep, vertical jump, and hop) in shod and barefoot conditions then answered questions pertaining to level and source of discomfort, ease of performance, and acceptability. Indices of bone quality were measured from their dominant calcaneus by quantitative ultrasound.
Results: Seventeen healthy male (n = 8) and female (n = 9) university students participated in the study (age, 26.59 ± 7.26 years; body mass index, 23.08 ± 3.58 kg/m2). Men were taller, heavier, and had higher broadband ultrasound attenuation than women (P < .05). For “no” discomfort, “very easy” ease of performance, and a “good amount” or “very good amount” of acceptability, the shod condition demonstrated response rates of 87.25%, 55.88%, and 72.55%, respectively. The barefoot condition demonstrated rates of those responses of 62.75%, 39.22%, and 48.03%, respectively, and reported more ball-of-foot, forefoot, heel, and plantar skin locations as sources of discomfort during activity than in the shod condition. The group vertical jump height was higher barefoot than shod (44.88 ± 8.44 cm and 43.25 ± 8.76 cm, respectively; P < .05), but no difference was seen for the hop. Men jumped and hopped higher than women under both footwear conditions (P < .05).
Conclusions: Participants initiating barefoot weightbearing exercise may experience slightly greater discomfort and less ease of performance in the initial transition from the shod condition, but may perform better in vertical jump. Whether those differences in experience persist over the long term will require longitudinal studies.
A new Amazonian species of Allobates Zimmermann & Zimmermann, 1988 (Aromobatidae) with a trilled advertisement call
Authors: Silva Leandro A. , Marques Ricardo , Folly Henrique , Santana Diego J. 
Published: March 2022

Background
Currently, 58 species are assigned to the genus Allobates, with 70% of its diversity described just in the last two decades, with many additional species likely unnamed. The continuous description of these new species represents a fundamental step for resolving the taxonomy and ensuring the future conservation of the genus.

Methods
Using molecular, acoustic, and morphological evidences, we describe a new species of Allobates from Teles Pires River region, southern Amazonia, and provide accounts on the population of A. tapajos found sympatrically with the new species.

Results
The new species is distinguished from its congeners by the coloration of thighs, venter, dorsum, and dark lateral stripe. It has four types of calls, with advertisement calls formed by relatively long trills with a mean duration of 2.29 s ± 0.65, mean of 39.93 notes ± 11.18 emitted at a mean rate of 17.49 ± 0.68 notes per second, and mean dominant frequency of 5,717 Hz ± 220.81. The genetic distance between the new species and its congeners in a fragment of the 16S mitochondrial fragment ranged between 13.2% (A. carajas) to 21.3% (A. niputidea). The sympatric Allobates population fits its morphology and acoustic with the nominal A. tapajos, but presents a relatively high genetic distance of nearly 6.5%, raising questions on the current taxonomy of this species.
Damping the Impact of Intraspecific Variability of Whorl Growth-rate on the Range of Intraspecific Variation of Adult Shell-size in Gastropods with Determinate Growth: Evidence of a Finely-tuned Regulating Process
Authors: Béguinot Jean 
Published: March 2022

Many species among shelled gastropods – either land snails or marine snails – exhibit determinate growth and, therefore, are expected to implement some regulating process aiming at limiting the impact on the final (adult) shell-size of the (possibly excessive) intraspecific variability in the rate of shell-development. Indeed, a usually more or less limited range of variation is allowed for adult shell-size, in those species having determinate growth. Mollusks are expected to be no exception in this respect and, up to now, the occurrence of such a regulating process has actually been reported systematically, despite a still too limited number of investigations. Yet, the question remained of the ability of this regulatory process to finely adjust the end of the final development of both body and shell (specifically in term of the final number of whorls), so as to limit the variations in adult shell-size, despite the amplitude of intraspecific variability in shell development rate.
I provide here preliminary empirical evidence for such a “finely tuned” regulating process – the strength of which is mirrored by the degree of “Gouldian” negative covariance between whorl growth-rate and the number of whorls at adulthood. As expected, the strength of the regulating process reveals systematically increasing (i) with the amplitude of the intraspecific variability in shell development-rate and (ii) with the narrowness of the range of variation allowed for the adult shell-size (narrowness which depends upon the identity of the particular species under consideration). In addition to the already reported usual occurrence of this regulating process among shelled gastropods, its “finely tuned” character provides here still further evidence as regards its major importance in controlling the species-specific adult body mass, and this even for typically soft-bodied animals.
Trace Element Levels and Socio-Demography of Pre-Teen Nigerians with Homozygous Sickle Cell Disorder
Authors: Shittu K. O. , Egbeleke F. A. , Iyanda A. A. 
Published: March 2022

Objectives: Homozygous sickle cell disorder (SCD) children are known to have abnormal anthropometric parameters which mostly have been linked with altered zinc status. Alteration in trace element status which occurs from interaction between essential and non-essential elements has not been well studied in SCD. Therefore, the aim of the study is to relate concentrations of Zn, Cd, and Pb with anthropometric parameters. Moreover, it will be established if correlation (interaction) exists between zinc and these two non-essential elements.
Methods: Twenty-seven SCD patients and 25 age and sex-matched children with hemoglobin genotype HbAA served as test and control groups respectively. Anthropometric parameters and information on demography, dietary zinc status and socio-economic status were obtained. The plasma and red cells obtained from 5 mL of blood were used to determine zinc and heavy metal (Pb, Cd) levels respectively by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Data were analyzed using Student`s t-test, Chi- square test, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. P< 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: There were significant differences in the mean values of mid-upper-arm circumference, weight and BMI. On the other hand, there were no significant differences in mean values of head circumference, height and the trace elements in test and control groups. No association between trace elements and BMI as well as between dietary zinc content and socio-economic status was observed.
Conclusion: the result of the study suggests there is no correlation between the toxic metals and zinc, and it seems that toxic metals play no role in abnormal BMI that is a common feature of SCD.
Wine Production from Banana (Musa sapientum) Using Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) Isolated from Grape (Vitis vinifera)
Authors: Ezemba C. C. , Archibong E. J. , Okeke C. A. 
Published: March 2022

This research was carried out to produce wine from banana (Musa sapientum) pulp using yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) isolated from grape (Vitis vinifera).The fermentation of the banana wine lasted for 21 days. Physico-chemical parameters were determined during fermentation using standard procedures. Liquor of the fermenting must was removed for every 48 hours from the fermentor for analysis of pH, titratable acidity, specific gravity and reducing sugar using standard procedures. The results from the experiment showed that specific gravity of the wine was observed to reduce drastically as the fermentation progressed. The pH of the banana wine during fermentation increased from 4.16-4.22 at day to the last day while the titrable acidity (% w/v tartaric acid) of the banana wine produced increased from 1.05-1.77. The alcohol content of the wine increased with time. The specific gravity values were observed to range from 1.266 to 1.184 kg/m3 which gradually decreased throughout the period of fermentation. At the end of the fermentation, alcohol content was observed to be 9%. The flavour and taste were appreciable, overall point obtained was 4.8. This study showed that the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolated from the grape have a good fermentative report with acceptable wine which suggested that it could be use banana wine production, its products or other industrial application.
Frequency of Intestinal Parasitic Infestation among Children from Tertiary Care Center in Rural Sindh
Authors: Yousfani Ezzat Ara Memon , Zafar Mehwish , Irshad Faisal , Soomro Rasheed Ahmed , Tagar Sarang , Kaleem Muhammad 
Published: March 2022

Aims: To determine the frequency of parasitic infestation among children in our setup.
Study Design: Observational study
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the department of Pediatric Medicine and Department of Pathology, Suleman Roshan Medical College and Hospital, Tando Adam, Pakistan from 17th October 2020 to 30th May 2021.
Methods: A total of 2412 consecutive patients aged between 5 to 12 years, who attended the outpatient department for the complain of abdominal pain, diarrhea or dysentery, the clinically anemic cases, patients having history of occult blood (black stools) were included in the study. The demographic and clinical details of all the cases were collected on a structured proforma designed for the study. All the patients were investigated for stool examination. The patients already having negative stool report for parasite were excluded from the study. Microscopic examination of the fecal smear in normal saline was performed for the detection of any helminth or protozoal infection. The data collected was statistically analyzed and the results were tabulated.
Results: 1316 (54.6%) samples were found positive for helminth or protozoal infection, and 1490 parasites were detected from a total of 2412 stool specimens collected and analyzed. Majority of the children were female 1344 (55.7%). The highest parasitosis (70.3%) was more common among 9-10 years age group. Abdominal pain was the main presenting complaint. The Entamoeba histolytica was most common protozoa in both male and female (24.6%), while helminthic infection like Ascaris lumbricoides was most common parasite detected in 47.2% of samples but more prevalent in male cases.
Conclusion: The present study reveals a high frequency of parasitosis in our setup. Entamoeba histolytica was the commonest protozoa and Ascaris lumbricoides was the most frequent helminthic infection, abdominal pain being the main presenting complaint.
Effect of Pristine Soil Addition and Cow Dung Treatment on the Community Structure Post Bioremediation
Authors: S. Baranu Barisiale , Ogugbue Chimezie J. , Okpokwasili Gideon C. 
Published: March 2022

The pollution of crude oil on agricultural soil has become a menace in the world today. The ecologically friendly approach of restoring this polluted soil back to its original state is pertinent. In this study, 1000 g of crude oil polluted soil was amended with 12.5g of cow dung and 500 g of unpolluted soil, 1000 g of polluted soil with crude oil without cow dung amendment, and 1000 g of unpolluted soil without crude oil and cow dung amendment was the control. The setup was monitored for their physicochemical parameters such as total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (Ec), and total nitrogen. The microbiological characterization for viable and culturable was done for total heterotrophic bacteria (THB) and hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria (HUB) while non-culturable but viable characterization was done using metagenomics-shotgun analysis to compare the changes in community structure before, during, and after remediation. The THB observed in the samples were 1.9 x 107, 1.3 x 103, 4.0 x 106, 3.58 x 108, 2.15 x 109 while HUB was 1.6 x 103, 1.0 x 101, 1.67 x 103, 2.5 x 104, and 3.55 x 104 respectively for A (unpolluted soil), B (polluted soil without 1.67 x 103, 2.5 x 104, and 3.55 x 104 respectively for A (unpolluted soil), B (polluted soil without treatment), J1 (month 1), J2 (month 2), and J3(month 3). Over 90 % removal of the TPH was achieved by the treatment. The molecular characterization showed that Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum identified in the pristine soil, but Actinobacteria were the most dominant in the soil with treatment. Nitrogen-fixing Bradirhizobium elkanii was found to be 0.66%, 5.11%, 10.43% before pollution, during natural attenuation, and with unpolluted soil addition with cow dung amendment. Denitrifying Nocardiodes daejeonensis and Nocardiodes terra were identified at 0.1 and 2.0% respectively only three (3) months after the end of the bioremediation treatment.