bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Additive Manufacturing of Stainless Steel Biomedical Devices
Authors: Ury Nicholas , Firdosy Samad , Ravi Vilupanur 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Metallic alloys that are typically used for medical purposes include stainless steels, Ti-6Al-4V, and Co-Cr-Mo. This article discusses the relative merits of each of these alloys. The utilization of stainless steels in the biomedical industry, especially in relation to the additive manufacturing (AM) process, is the main focus of this article. The characteristics of various stainless steels are described subsequently, and the categories that are of relevance to the biomedical industry are identified. The types of stainless steels covered are austenitic, ferritic, martensitic, duplex, and precipitation-hardened stainless steels. The article discusses the potential benefits of AM for biomedical devices. It describes the types of AM processes for stainless steels, namely binder jet, directed-energy deposition, and laser powder-bed fusion. The article reviews the AM of austenitic, martensitic, and PH stainless steels for biomedical applications. In addition, the challenges and obstacles to the clinical use of AM parts are covered.
Microvalve Jetting of Biomaterials
Authors: Lai Jiahui , Wang Min 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Microvalve jetting, with its advantages of low cost, ease of operation, high printing speed, and ability to process living cells with high viability, has been primarily used for fabricating high-throughput drug-screening models, in vitro cellular structures for fundamental cell biology research, and cell-laden structures for regenerating tissues or organs in the human body after disease or trauma. This article provides an overview of microvalve jetting of biomaterials, including operational parameters. The jetting technologies covered are inkjet printing, microvalve jetting, and laser-assisted jetting. The parameters covered include nozzle size (nozzle inner diameter), pneumatic pressure, valve-opening time, and printing speed of microvalve jetting. Subsequently, the article discusses biomaterials for microvalve jetting in terms of biomaterial definition, required properties for a suitable biomaterial, currently used biomaterials, and cells and cellular structures. Additionally, applications of microvalve jetting in biomedical engineering are presented, which include cellular and RNA analysis, high-throughput drug screening, and tissue engineering.
Three-Dimensional Bioprinting of Naturally Derived Protein-Based Biopolymers
Authors: Griffanti Gabriele , Nazhat Showan N. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article discusses the state of the art in the 3D bioprinting field. It examines the printability of protein-based biopolymers and provides key printing parameters, along with a brief description of the main current 3D bioprinting approaches. The article presents some studies investigating 3D bioprinting of naturally derived proteins for the production of structurally and functionally biomimetic scaffolds, which create a microenvironment for cells resembling that of the native tissues. It describes key structural proteins processed in the form of hydrogels, such as collagen, silk, fibrin, and others such as elastin, decellularized matrix, and Matrigel (Corning), which are used as biomaterials.
High-Throughput Electrospinning of Biomaterials
Authors: Mikaeili Fateh , Abe Owen O. , Gouma Pelagia-Irene 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article discusses electrospinning as a method for obtaining nanofibers, some of the challenges and limitations of the technique, advancements in the field, and how it may be used in key functional applications. The key drawbacks of traditional electrospinning processes include relatively slow speed of nanofiber production, low product yield, and relatively high cost. The article also addresses novel high-throughput techniques and methods designed for the scalable synthesis of nanofibers and nanofibrous mats that are of reasonable cost.
Additively Manufactured Orthotics
Authors: Banga Harish Kumar , Kalra Parveen , Belokar R.M. , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
An ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) is a support designed to regulate the ankle's position and mobility, compensate for weakness, or rectify abnormalities. This article focuses on the biomechanical affects and mechanical properties of custom-made 3D-printed AFOs and compares them to traditionally created AFOs. Investigations in the fields of 3D scanning, 3D printing, and computer-aided design and analysis for the production of custom-made AFOs are also covered.
Binder Jet Additive Manufacturing of Biomaterials
Authors: Bose Susmita , Jo Yongdeok , Majumdar Ujjayan , Bandyopadhyay Amit 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies print three-dimensional (3D) parts through layer-by-layer deposition based on the digital input provided by a computer-aided design file. This article focuses on the binder jet printing process, common biomaterials used in this AM technique, and the clinical applications relevant to these systems. It reviews the challenges and future directions of binder-jetting-based 3D printing.
Additive Manufacturing of Medical Devices
Authors: Nakano Takayoshi , Hagihara Koji 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article provides an overview of additive manufacturing (AM) methods, the three-dimensional (3D)-AM-related market, and the medical additive manufactured applications. It focuses on the current scenario and future developments related to metal AM for medical applications. The discussion covers the benefits of using 3D-AM technology in the medical field, provides specific examples of medical devices fabricated by AM, reviews trends in metal implant development using AM, and presents future prospects for the development of novel high-performance medical devices via metal 3D-additive manufacturing.
Development of Alloy Powders for Biomedical Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Nomura Naoyuki , Zhou Weiwei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) techniques include powder-bed fusion (PBF), directed-energy deposition, binder jetting (BJ), extrusion-based desktop, vat photopolymerization, material jetting, and sheet lamination. The development of suitable powders for AM is a challenging task because of critical design parameters including chemical composition, flowability of powders, and melt surface tension. This article explains the fabrication methods of metal and novel alloy powders for medical applications. The development of zirconium alloy powder for laser-PBF is introduced as a case study.
Material Aspects of Additively Manufactured Orthopedic Implants of Titanium Alloys
Authors: Roy Abhijit , Criado Matthew , Ohodnicki John , Kuhn Howard , Kumta Prashant N. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Additive manufacturing, or three-dimensional printing technologies, for biomedical applications is rather different from other engineering components, particularly for biomedical implants that are intended to be used within the human body. This article contains two sections: "Design and Manufacturing Considerations of 3D-Printed, Commercially Pure Titanium and Titanium Alloy-Based Orthopedic Implants" and "Device Testing Considerations Following FDA Guidance" for additive-manufactured medical devices. These are further subdivided into five major focus areas: materials; design, printing, printing characteristics and parameters as well as postprinting validation; removal of the many manufacturing material residues and sterilization; physical, chemical, and mechanical assessments of the final devices; and biological considerations of all the final devices including biocompatibility.
THE NEW APPROACH TO APPLYING THE DEZERT-SMARANDACHE THEORY IN LAND-COVER CLASSIFICATION IN UAV-BASED REMOTE SENSING
Authors: Alpert Sofiia 
Published: October 2022

Nowadays UAV-based Remote Sensing gives a new opportunities for conducting scientific research in a much more detail way. Classification is one of the most important procedures in Remote Sensing tasks. This procedure can be applied in solution of numerous ecological and practical tasks, such as: forest classification, determing of soil types, exploring of oil and gas. Classification of incomplete, imprecise and high conflicting data has always been and still remains the one of most important procedures of remote sensing. In this paper the new approach to applying Dezert-Smarandache Theory in UAV-based remote sensing problems is proposed. This theory can deal with imprecise and highly conflicting information. Dezert-Smarandache Theory and its main concepts are compared with Dempster-Shafer Theory and Probability Theory. Main advantages and disadvantages of these theories were described and analyzed in this paper. The development of Dezert-Smarandache Theory arises from the necessity to overcome the limitations of Dempster-Shafer Theory and Probability Theory. Dempster-Shafer Theory deals only with exhaustive and exclusive hypotheses, that can sometimes provide wrong results of classification. But exhaustive hypotheses can potentially overlap, they can not properly identified and defined. Dezert-Smarandache Theory deals with exhaustive and not mutually exclusive hypotheses. This theory deals with all hypotheses, all intersections and unions of these hypotheses. It is shown, that Dezert-Smarandache Theory can solve classification tasks more efficiently than Probability Theory and Dempster-Shafer Theory, when we combine imprecise and high conflicting data. It is described classical Dezert-Smarandache fusion rule in this paper. It is also considered numerical example with applying Dezert-Smarandache fusion rule for classification of multispectral aerospace images. The proposed approach to applying the Dezert-Smarandache Theory in land-cover classification can be applied in different agriculture and practical tasks, ecological monitoring and searching for minerals.
Simultaneous Repair of Bilateral Inguinal Hernia under Local Anaesthesia
Authors: Lord Ian , Athisayaraj Thomas , Olugbemi Mojolaoluwa , Sebastian Boby , Coveney Eammon 
Published: October 2022

Open repair of inguinal hernias is a recognised standard approach to groin hernia repairs. Furthermore, this approach is uniquely suited to repair under local anaesthesia (LA). LA repair of unilateral Inguinal hernia (IH) is widely reported in the literature as a safe, well tolerated, and effective operation. However, there is minimal evidence in literature on simultaneous repair of bilateral inguinal hernias under local anaesthesia. This approach is a useful tool in patients with bilateral IH who are unfit for or choose to avoid general anaesthesia (GA). We report our experience with simultaneous repair of bilateral inguinal hernias under local anaesthetic.
Methods: We reviewed prospectively collected data of patients with bilateral inguinal hernias for whom simultaneous repair under LA was performed between 2009 – 2019. Data was collected for patient demographics, post-operative visual analogue pain score (VAS), operating time, volume of local anaesthetic used, patient satisfaction and complication rates. All patients had a Lichtenstein's hernioplasty using a buffered local anaesthetic mixture made up of 30ml 0.5% Bupivacaine with adrenaline, 20 ml 2% Lignocaine with adrenaline, 50 ml of 0.9% Saline and 6 ml of 8.6% Sodium Bicarbonate. In each patient, both procedures were performed sequentially as a day case operations.
Results: In total, 24 patients were included in the study with male preponderance (92%) and only two were females. Their ages ranged 35 - 81 years. Their BMI varied from 18 – 30 , with a mean of 24.The average operating time was 66.8 minutes (ranging 38 - 120 minutes, median 60 min). The mean pain score was 24, on a VAS 0-100 scale (range 4 - 50, median 25) with patient satisfaction scores (0-100 scale) varying from 50-100 (Median 90, Mean 88.1).
Conclusion: We conclude that successful simultaneous repair of bilateral inguinal hernia under local anaesthetic can be performed safely in a timely fashion, with minimal patient discomfort and high satisfaction rate. This approach should be considered as a viable alternative in the tailored approach to repairing IHs0 and offered to patients not deemed suitable for elective general anaesthesia with the advantage of addressing both groin hernias during the same operating session.
Systematic versus cognitive targeted biopsy: evaluation of parameters related to clinically significant prostate cancer and comparison of detection rates
Authors: Ersöz Cevper , İlktaç Abdullah , Kalkan Senad , Kayalı Yunus , Akbulut Habib , Toprak Hüseyin , Doğan Bayram 
Published: October 2022

Objective: This study aims to compare the clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) detection rates of cognitive targeted biopsy (CTB) and systematic biopsy (SB) and to reveal the factors affecting csPCa detection rates. Material and Methods: Patients diagnosed with localized prostate cancer between 2016-2019 were evaluated retrospectively. Patients who underwent SB and concomitant CTB were recorded. The number of cores taken from the index lesion in CTB, age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, Gleason score, International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade, Prostate Imaging and Data Reporting System (PIRADS) score, the diameter of index lesion, and digital rectal examination (DRE) findings was recorded. We also studied whether there was a concordance between the localization of the lesion on MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) and the localization of the nodule detected on DRE. Results: Eighty patients were included in the study. csPCa was detected in 55 (68.7%) patients with SB, whereas CTB alone detected csPCa in 35 (43.7%) patients (p<0,01). SB missed 2 patients with csPCa, but 35% of the men with csPCa would be missed by CTB. Detection rates of csPCa in SB and CTB were significantly higher in patients with a concordance between DRE and mpMRI (p= 0.012 and p<0.01, respectively). In patients who had csPCa in CTB, significant differences were detected in the mean age, prostate volume, PSA, lesion diameter, number of cores, and PIRADS score (p=0.005, p=0.02, p=0.005, p=0.003, p=0.017, and p=0.002, respectively) Conclusion: SB maintains its importance in the diagnosis of csPCa. CTB can be preferred in patients with larger lesions. Keywords: Prostate cancer, prostate biopsy, magnetic resonance imaging, targeted biopsy
Does YouTube videos have reliable information on Penile Doppler Ultrasonography?
Authors: Sökmen Doğukan , Sökmen Bedriye Koyuncu , Sertkaya Zülfü , Keskin Emin Taha 
Published: October 2022

Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of YouTube videos about penile doppler ultrasonography (PDU), a diagnostic tool for erectile dysfunction. Material and Methods: Videos on YouTube were searched using the term “Penile Doppler Ultrasonography”. The most related 48 videos were included in to study. For each video, uploader type (physician, patient, or YouTuber), target group (physicians or non-physicians), video duration, upload date, daily view count, the total number of views, and the number of likes and comments were recorded. The reliability and quality of the content of these videos included in the study were evaluated using JAMA, DISCERN, and GQS scores. Results: The physicians uploaded all of the videos used in the study. It was shown that 27 (56%) of the videos were prepared for physicians, and the remaining videos were prepared for non-physicians. All the videos had general information about the PDU, 32 (67%) videos gave theoretical information, and 23 (48%) videos gave information about the application of the PDU. When the videos were examined according to the target group, it was shown that the videos prepared for physicians had a longer duration (p=,001) but had a lower number of comments and views (p=,012 and p=.046, respectively). In addition, when the video content quality and reliability were examined, the average JAMA score was 2.5, the GQS score was 3.44, and the DISCERN score was 52.2. It was found that the quality and reliability scores were statistically higher in the videos prepared for physicians (p<0.05). Conclusion: As a source of knowledge about health care, YouTube is frequently used by doctors and other people (including patients). High-quality information is very important for both physicians and individual patients. In this study, we showed that videos uploaded by physicians had reliable content, but these high-quality videos had longer duration and lower view count. In order to improve the quality of PDU-related videos, physicians should upload high-quality videos, and YouTube algorithms should direct patients to high-quality videos. Keywords: penile, doppler, ultrasonography, YouTube
mRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA expression profiles in a new aortic dissection murine model induced by hypoxia and Ang II
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Ma Xiaozhu , Mei Shuai , Ji Yueping , Wang Dong , He Liqun , Sun Dating , Yan Jiangtao 
Published: October 2022

Background and aimsAortic dissection (AD) is a cardiovascular emergency with degeneration of the aortic media. Mounting evidence indicates obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) as an independent risk factor for AD development with unknown mechanisms. This study aims to establish a stable murine model of OSA-related AD (OSA-AD) and uncover the potential changes in gene transcripts in OSA-AD.Materials and methodsApoE–/–mice were exposed to the chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) system combined with Ang II administration to establish the OSA-AD model. Pathological staining was performed to exhibit the physiological structure of the mouse aorta. The SBC mouse ceRNA microarray was used to identify significantly differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs, DE long-non-coding RNAs (DElncRNAs), and DE circular RNAs (DEcircRNAs) in OSA-AD tissues. Subsequently, bioinformatics analysis, including Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG), and protein–protein interaction (PPI) analyses, were performed to evaluate the function of the significantly differentially expressed transcripts (DETs). The hub genes were confirmed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).ResultsApoE–/–mice exposed to CIH and Ang II showed a high ratio of aortic accident (73.33%) and significant aortic diameter dilatation (1.96 ± 0.175 mm). A total of 1,742 mRNAs, 2,625 lncRNAs, and 537 circRNAs were identified as DETs (LogFC ≥ 1.5 or ≤ –1.5,P&lt; 0.05). GO and KEGG analyses demonstrated that the differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) were most enriched in cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, inflammation, and hypoxia-related terms, which are closely related to aortic structural homeostasis. The PPI network contained 609 nodes and 934 connections, the hub genes were highlighted with the CytoHubba plugin and confirmed by qRT-PCR in AD tissues. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that thecis-regulated genes of DElncRNAs and circRNAs-host genes were enriched in aortic structural homeostasis-related pathways.ConclusionOur findings help establish ade novoOSA-AD animal model using ApoE–/–mice. Many DEmRNAs, DElncRNAs, and DEcircRNAs were screened for the first time in OSA-AD tissues. Our findings provide useful bioinformatics data for understanding the molecular mechanism of OSA-AD and developing potential therapeutic strategies for OSA-AD.
Burden of atrial fibrillation and its attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2019: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study 2019
Authors: Xu Shangbo , Chen Yangbo , Lin Rui , Huang Weipeng , Zhou Haoyue , Lin Yongjian , Xu Mingwei 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundUnderstanding the pattern and trend of the atrial fibrillation (AF) burden are essential for developing effective preventive strategies. The purpose of this study was to estimate AF burdens and risk factors in 204 countries and territories between 1990 and 2019.Materials and methodsData were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2019, including incidence, death, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and the attributable risk factors. In order to quantify changes in the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized death rate (ASDR), and age-standardized DALY rate between 1990 and 2019, the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was used. Also, AF burden was assessed in relation to the Socio-demographic Index (SDI).ResultsGlobally, there were 4,720,324 incident cases, 117,038 deaths and 8,393,635 DALYs in 2019. There were no significant changes in ASIR, ASDR, or age-standardized DALY rates from 1990 to 2019. Although the burden and trend of AF varied in different regions and countries, the ASIR, ASDR and age-standardized DALY rate were positively correlated with SDI. Furthermore, the burden of AF was higher in males and elderly. The age-standardized DALY rate worldwide was primarily attributable to high systolic blood pressure, followed by high body-mass index, alcohol use, smoking, diet high in sodium and lead exposure.ConclusionAF remained a major public health challenge worldwide, with substantial variation at regional and national levels. There is an urgent need to increase public awareness about AF risk factors and to bring about cost-effective interventions for AF in order to reduce its future burden.
Environmental fate of cefquinome: Adsorption and degradation
Authors: Qiu Jicheng , Yang Yuxin , Kong Jingyuan , Cao Yuying , Liu Yu , Sun Feifei , Cao Xingyuan 
Published: October 2022

Cefquinome (CEQ), the fourth generation of cephalosporins, has been widely used in practice for the treatment of bacterial infections due to its broad antimicrobial spectrum, stability, and stronger antibacterial activity. However, the wide use of CEQ can cause an environmental risk via animal excretion. In the current study, the environmental fate of CEQ was investigated. The migration rate of CEQ from soil to the aquatic environment was approximately 60%. The half-life (T1/2) of CEQ degradation in the water ranged from 0.96 to 13.75 d. Our results showed that the temperature, illumination, and pH had an effect on the degradation rate, and the rate of CEQ degradation was significantly accelerated under high temperatures. CEQ was more stable in acidic environments than in alkaline. E-isomer of CEQ and △3-isomer of CEQ were the major degradation metabolites identified by UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS. The product ion m/z 293.041 was the typical fragment ion for E-isomer of CEQ, and m/z 201.044 and m/z 152.016 were the typical fragment ion for △3-isomer of CEQ. The degradation metabolites exhibited lower antibacterial activity, simultaneously, the toxicity of the E-isomer of CEQ should pay more attention to.
Association of toll-like receptors polymorphisms with COPD risk in Chinese population
Authors: Sun Shulei , Shen Yuehao , Feng Jing 
Published: October 2022

Background: Previous studies have reported that the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are related with the progress of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We aimed to explore the association of TLRs single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and COPD risk.Methods: 170 COPD patients and 181 healthy controls were enrolled in this case-control study. MassARRAY platform was used for genotyping seven tagging SNPs (TLR2: rs3804100, rs4696480, rs3804099; TLR3: rs3775290, rs3775291, rs5743305; TLR9: rs352140) of TLRs. The correlations between the SNPs and COPD risk were determined using logistic regression.Results: We found that the rs3775291 of TLR3 significant decreased the risk of COPD (TT versus CC: non-adjusted OR = 0.329, 95% CI = 0.123–0.879, p = 0.027). In the genetic models analysis, the rs3775291 was associated with a decreased effect of COPD based on the recessive model (TT versus CC/CT: non-adjusted OR = 0.377, 95% CI = 0.144–0.988 p = 0.047). The rs4696480 of TLR2 gene was associated with a decreased risk of COPD after adjustment by age and gender (TA versus AA: adjusted OR = 0.606, 95% CI = 0.376–0.975, p = 0.039).Conclusion: Our study showed that genetic variants in TLRs were associated with risk of COPD. The rs3775291 and rs4696480 may act as a potential biomarker for predicting the risk of COPD in Chinese population.