bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacological treatment of comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder in patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Hendriks S. , Goossens P. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe lifetime prevalence of comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) is approximately 20%. Guidelines for BD give adequate pharmacological treatment options when there is a ‘pure’ bipolar disorder but lack of treatment options when there is a comorbid disorder present.ObjectivesThe present study aimed to review the pharmacological treatment options for comorbid PTSD in patients with BD.MethodsLiterature research was conducted via PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library. Search terms included ‘bipolar disorder’, ‘posttraumatic stress disorder’, ‘PTSD’, ‘pharmacotherapy’ and ‘treatment’. Relevant studies were reviewed.ResultsNo randomized controlled trials have been conducted in patients with bipolar disorder and comorbid PTSD. Most studies included open-label studies and case-reports. No convincing scientific evidence for pharmacological treatment of comorbid PTSD in patients with BD was found. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are effective in the treatment of PTSD. However, SSRIs or other antidepressants are complicated due to potential induction of a manic episode or promote rapid cycling. Nevertheless, it is important to treat the bipolar patient with a mood stabilizer first before antidepressants are prescribed.ConclusionsThe findings of this study show that there is no convincing scientific evidence for the pharmacological treatment of comorbid PTSD in patients with bipolar disorder. Therefore, psychotherapy is preferable. When psychotherapy is not effective, pharmacotherapy can be considered. However, randomized controlled trials are needed to obtain scientific evidence for pharmacological treatment options.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Covid-19 pandemic and suicidal risk among adolescents
Authors: Gonçalves Cerejeira J. , Vallecillo Adame C. , Uribe S. , Santos Carrasco I. , Jiménez Aparicio T. , De Andrés Lobo C. , Queipo De Llano De La Viuda M. , Gonzaga Ramírez A. , Guerra Valera G. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the mental health of adolescents. Several descriptive studies and systematic reviews have shown an increase in suicide rates in this age group.Objectives- To present a literary review on the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the mental health and suicidal behavior of adolescents around the world. - To present data on admission rates due to suicidal behavior during the first year of the Covid-19 pandemic in a Spanish child-adolescent psychiatric hospitalization unit.Methods- We will present a literature review and a retrospective cross-sectional study on admission rates for suicidal behavior in a child-adolescent psychiatric hospitalization unit. - Admission rates for suicidal behavior during the year prior to the pandemic will be compared with rates relative to the first year of the pandemic.Results- We have found a significant increase in admission rates for suicidal behavior during the year of the pandemic. Similar results have been found in different studies and meta-analyzes. - The socio-demographic characteristics of the patients are quite similar in the two periods of time analyzed, but the reference to intra-family problems has been more frequent in the year of the pandemic.ConclusionsOur data is in line with other studies suggesting that the Covid-19 pandemic has had a strong impact on teenage suicidal behavior.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Psychoeducation of Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Ivanov M. , Bogacheva O. , Simashkova N. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe family of a child with a mental illness is a significant source for his support in harmonizing his development and achieving successful socialization.ObjectivesThe objective of the survey is to develop a psychoeducational program for parents.MethodsQuestionnaire “Parental attitude to children’s illnesses” (V.E. Kagan, I.P. Zhuravleva) Parents of 39 (22 mothers and 17 fathers) children aged from 3 to 6 with ASD - autism spectrum disorders (F84.01; F84.02; F84.11).ResultsParents of children with ASD often do not realize the morbid nature of changes in the children`s behavior and interpret them as spontaneity, pamperedness or even giftedness. Most parents underestimated the doctor’s recommendations for compliance with the treatment regime. Taking into account the parents` complaints and the difficulties of understanding the child`s problems, a psychoeducational course was developed, including 7 sessions: 1. acquaintance; 2. the concept of ASD, etiological factors, features of manifestation; 3. the role of the family in the treatment and rehabilitation process; 4. development of mental functions in children with ASD; 5. emotional development of children with ASD; formation of communication skills and social adaptation; 6. training organization and correctional and developmental classes for children with ASD; 7. summing up. The psychoeducational course is carried out in the form of group thematic seminars 7 meetings once a week for 1.5-2 hours. After completing the course, some families remain on individual psychological follow-up.ConclusionsCompleting a psychoeducational course makes it possible to fill the lack of information regarding the disease and treatment tactics, increases compliance and harmonizes parent-child relationships.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Dual Diagnosis, Double Trouble
Authors: Lopes J. , Freitas R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionMany individuals with severe mental illness (SMI) have substance use disorder comorbidity. Dual diagnosis makes the approach and management of these patients even more challenging since the lack of improvement in either pathologies can lead to a deterioration of both.ObjectivesTo illustrate, through the presentation of two cases, the clinical challenges in managing a patient with dual diagnosisMethodsClinical case presentation through retrospective review of clinical notes and non-systematic literature review on this topicResultsWe present the clinical cases of two women diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder and (poly)Substance Use Disorder since adolescence, who have a history of multiple hospitalizations due to mostly maniform symptoms. The complexity of case management is evident, both at the pharmacological level and in psychosocial intervention. This is aggravated by the difficulty in maintaining adherence to the therapeutic project and frequent relapses.ConclusionsCurrent evidence points to the beneficial effect of a combined pharmacological and psychosocial approach, which must be comprehensive, individualized and require differentiation at various levels that are difficult to achieve and make the treatment of these situations an even greater challenge.Using illustrative examples, this review draws attention to the practical difficulties in managing situations where substance use is associated with SMI.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Clarifying Definitions of „Race“, Racism, and Ethnocentrism
Authors: Küey L. 
Published: September 2022

Human beings need social group identities. These may be based on age, sex, gender and gender identity, ethnicity, religious beliefs, language, nationality and etc. In fact, in-group identities, collaborations and reference systems have positive effects on health / mental health. But, the problematic issue is the process of Othering and Dehumanization of the group designated to be the Other. Othering, rising from imagined or the expectation of generalized differences and used to distinguish groups of people as separate from the norm reinforces and maintains discrimination. Social power relations determine the stratification of ‘them’ and ‘us’. Whether a group is to be designated as the Other and labelled with prejudice will depend on the zeitgeist of the current dominant social power. Dehumanization created many tragedies via genocide, slavery, racism, sexism, and other intolerant forms of violence. Theories, generally termed as scientific racism of late 19th. & early 20th. centuries, times of colonialism, assumed that some races are inferior to others, and that differential treatment of races is consequently justified. Such approaches led to movements of unification / purification practices which cannot be legitimate and caused vast individual and institutional racial discrimination, human rights violations and violence. As a social determinant of health, racial discrimination and ethnocentrism, a powerful force that weakens human relations, continue to afflict the health and mental health conditions of people. Albeit racial discrimination, peoples of the world also have a history of effective praxis of inclusive ways of solving conflicts of interests between in-groups and out-groups.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Couvade Syndrome: Origin, Characterization, and Frequency
Authors: Sá Couto J. , Pão Trigo M. , Da Luz B. , Rodrigues J. , Ventura Gil T. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe word couvade originated from the French verb couver, meaning to hatch, nest, or brood. Custom of Couvade or Couvade Syndrome (CS) is a poorly understood phenomenon observed since ancient times, in which the expectant father experiences somatic and psychological symptoms of pregnancy.ObjectivesDefining what is CS. Identifying possible origin. Hypothesizing causes. Identifying CS frequency.MethodsPubMed
database search, with “Couvade syndrome” keyword expression. Seven articles were selected among the best matches. Reference lists of articles were reviewed to identify additional articles.ResultsCurrently, there are several views on this phenomenon, including religious, cultural, medical, psychoanalytic, and psychological. CS is used in Psychiatry to describe somatic symptoms resembling pregnancy and/or childbirth in expecting fathers, such as weight gain, diarrhea or constipation, toothache, and headache. Lipkin and Lamb (1982) studied 300 couples from New York: they diagnosed Couvade Syndrome in 22,5% of fathers. Nevertheless, Brennan et al. (2007) found different incidence rates of CS diagnose in different areas of the world: 20% in Sweden; 25–97% in United States; 61% in Thailand; 68% in China; 35% in Russia.ConclusionsWhether CS constitutes a disease entity, or it should be considered a ritual or custom remains a matter of debate. Different rates of CS around the globe may indicate that culture plays an important role. It may be a way for fathers-to-be to cope with changes imposed by pregnancy in the mother and in the couple. Overall, it is a fascinating intersection between the physiological and psychological realms.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Study for revision of Hwa-Byung Scale: The Delphi Method
Authors: Lee S. , Kim J. , Park S.-A. , Kwan Y. , Choi S.-W. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionHwa-Byung is a mental syndrome classified as a “cultural-related syndrome” which reflects the cultural characteristics of Korea in DSM-IV. Hwa-Byung is caused by anger, which is characterized by feelings of anger or resent about unreasonable social violence and trauma. Kwon et al (2008) had developed self-report measure to assess severity of Hwa-Byung but it has several limitations to use in current clinical settings. Therefore, we investigated opinions of experts who have professionality in giving treatment of Hwa-Byung patients in the clinical settings.ObjectivesThe present study aimed to reach consent of oriental neuropsychiatrists’ opinions about the direction of revision of the Hwa-Byung scale.Methods
The Delphi method is a survey method that induces people to freely present their opinions without face-to-face processes and reaches consent through continuous feedback of survey results while ensuring anonymity. The Consensus Panel consists of 16 experts who are Oriental neuropsychiatrists and have experience in diagnosing patients with Hwa-Byung. A total of four surveys were conducted as consensus was reached on the fourth round. Each questionnaire was distributed by mail to a panel of experts and was asked to submit a response after receiving the questionnaire.ResultsThe results of the study are as follows. First, common factors for Hwa-Byung include anger, resent/blame, modify memory bias and attention bias for anger events. Second, characteristics of young Hwa-Byung patients include stress caused by social factors and excessive immersion in certain things such as drinking or smoking.ConclusionsTherefore, when revising the Hwa-Byung scale, it would be necessary to include these factors.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The impact of social media on self-esteem
Authors: Chamsi F.Z. , Katir I. , Korchi A. , Belbachir S. , Ouanass A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe Social media have gained tremendous popularity over the past decade, these sites have occupied a major part of people’s lives, especially young people. Many teenagers use tik tok, instagram, snapchat and facebook, to build relationships, connect with the world, share and acquire knowledge and information, and build their personalities, their effects are not limited. to that, comparisons made using social networking sites have led people to have a drop in self-esteem, with all the complications that can cause (anxiety disorders, depression and the anxiety disorder , etc.)ObjectivesAssessment of the impact of social media on the self-image, of young subjects in the Moroccan contextMethodsCross-sectional study with a descriptive and analytical aim, using a questionnaire and a satisfaction scale to assess the impact of social media on the self-image of young subjects in the Moroccan context. bibliographic research to objectify several studies on this subjectResults
our results are close to the results of the literature. Sample of 200 young peoples was selected based on the confidence level of 80%. In order to test the hypothesis each respondent was given a questionnaire which tested their selfesteem and enquired the amount of time they spent on Facebook, instagram, tik tok, snapchat.Conclusionssocial networks are a way to communicate information, ideas of ways of life. this communication includes harmful effects on the social behavior of young peopleDisclosureNo significant relationships.
Cold water swimming as an add-on treatment for depression. A feasibility study
Authors: Hjorth P. , Løkke A. , Jørgensen N. , Jørgensen A. , Rasmussen M. , Sikjaer M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionIn Denmark, about 14% of patients with depression develops treatment resistant depression (TRD) in the following year after the first hospital contact. Possible explanations for TRD include lack of adequate clinical effect of pharmacological treatment and reluctance to treatment due to unacceptable side effects. Cold water swimming (CWS), also known as winter swimming, describes swimming outdoors - mainly during the winter season in cold to ice-cold water on a regular basis. Many winter swimmers believe that exposure to cold water is beneficial for their health. However, evidence of health effects have been anecdotal or based on results from small sample-size studies. The availably studies report that winter swimming abolishes general tiredness, boosts self-esteem and improves mood and/or general well-being.ObjectivesTo test if it is possible for patients with depression to participate in two weekly sessions of CWS and to measure the effects of CWS on general well-being and depression among the participating patients.MethodsAll psychiatric in- and outpatients from the department of psychiatry at Little Belt Hospital, Vejle with a diagnose of depression are eligible for inclusion. CWS-sessions will include a dip in an inlet - and if desired a short swim for a few minutes – depending on individual preferences. The CWS sessions will take place at the local inlet at a recreational area with sauna and changing facilities available.ResultsThe study starts in October 2021 and we expect to have results by April 2022.ConclusionsConclusion: Awaiting.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
A Case Report of Anorexia Nervosa - the “perfect“ woman
Authors: Viseu M. , Oliveira A. , Barbosa Pinto M. , Sousa R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAnorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating behavior disorder characterized by intense fear of gaining weight or persistent behavior that interferes with weight gain, with caloric intake restriction and secondary loss of body weight. It can affect up to 4% of women during their lifetime and is responsible for one of the highest mortality rates from psychiatric disorders.ObjectivesReview of the literature and exposure of a case report of AN in a woman with high level of stress at work.MethodsCase report and nonsystematic review using databases such as PubMed and UpToDate.ResultsCaucasian woman, 31-year-old, PhD in biology, who works in a multinational company. No personal or family history of psychiatric disorder. She was observed in the psychiatry emergency department, due to low weight, caloric restriction and intense physical exercise, maladaptive personality traits related to perfectionism and control were found. She began follow-up with a multidisciplinary team, but there was a need for hospitalization due to clinical deterioration with BMI of 11. After 6 months, she continued to follow up at the consultations and, despite refusing psychotropic drugs, she maintains psychotherapy and presents clinical improvement (BMI - 17).Conclusions
Eating behavior disorders are chronic and difficult to treat diseases that are more frequent among people subject to high levels of stress. This case represents a restrictive AN in a woman with multiple risk factors: athlete, perfectionist, with stressful work and life events and restricted interpersonal and affective relationships.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Investigating the relationship between mental health, resilience and self-compassion among Greek unemployed people
Authors: Paralikas T. , Vagiatis K. , Gouva M. , Malliarou M. , Kotrotsiou S. , Theofanidis D. , Kotrotsiou E. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
Unemployment is considered to be one of the most stressful life events that a person may experience. There are a plethora of studies that highlighted the negative effects of unemployment on people’s overall mental health and well-being. Yet, psychological resilience and self-compassion contribute positively in coping with stressful situations and seem to be particularly supportive mechanisms when one is confronted with unemployment.ObjectivesThis study intended to investigate the relationships between resilience, self-compassion and mental health in Greek unemployed people and the contribution of specific sociodemographic characteristics in this ‘equation’.MethodsThe study followed a survey design where a sample of 345 Greek unemployed participants completed an online questionnaire, examining the variables under study.ResultsAccording to the findings, people who reported being unemployed for more than six months showed decreased levels of mental health. Also, the unemployed with higher levels of resilience and self-compassion reported statistically significant higher levels of mental health and vice versa. Finally, self-compassion and psychological resilience were found to be statistically positive related to each other and are predictive factors of mental health with which they are statistically negative related.ConclusionsThe results of this study may contribute to the implementation of interventions aiming at improving mental health and the overall well-being of people affected by long-term unemployment.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Depression and quality of life in Tunisian institutionalized elderly subjects
Authors: Jabeur M. , Gassab L. , Hamdane F. , Amemou B. , Zaafrane F. , Gaha L. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionDepression in the elderly is common and closely interrelated with the deterioration of the quality of life, especially in the institutionalized elderly.ObjectivesIn this work, we propose to determine the prevalence of depression in the elderly in institution, to assess their quality of life and to evaluate the correlations between depression and the quality of life.MethodsOur study concerned 30 elderly subjects institutionalized at the retirement home(Sousse, Tunisia). Three validated Arabic version scales were used: The 30-item GDS (Geriatric Depression Scale), the MMSE (Mini Mental State Examination) and the SF36 (assessing the quality of life).ResultsThe mean age of our population was 75±7.3 years, the sex ratio was 1.73. The prevalence of depression was 37%. The elderly had a cognitive impairment in 16.7%. The mean global SF36 score were 11.2, attesting an altered quality of life in all our subjects: the mental component (9.43) were more altered than the physical one (13.03). No correlation between depression and quality of life was found. Depression was significantly correlated with the presence of a medical history (p=0.05). Depression had a negative and statistically significant correlation with the physical score of SF36 (r=-0.41, p=0.02) and tended towards significance for the “general health” dimension of SF36 (r=-0.32, p=0.08).ConclusionsOur study shows a high frequency of depression in the institutionalized elderly as well as a deterioration in their quality of life. Depression is strongly linked to deterioration in physical condition.Our results underline the influence of somatic diseases as a major risk factor for depression in the elderly.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Dynamics of Psychopathological Disorders and Changes in the Functional Activity of Neutrophils in Mercury Intoxication
Authors: Labunskiy D. , Podsevatkin V. , Kiryukhina S. , Kolmykova N. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe overall goal was to determine the degree of mental, neuromuscular and statodynamic functions disorders resulting from toxic effect of mercury and its compounds, to study relationship between the degree of loss of professional ability to work as a result of occupational disease with the presence of complications due to concomitant diseases.ObjectivesThe relevance of studying the degree of violations of the main indicators of vital activity due to the toxic effect of mercury and its compounds is due to the persisting high level of loss of professional ability to work, and in some cases, and disability of this contingent. Analysis of indicators of primary and repeated disability due to occupational diseases showed that a sufficiently high number of persons recognized as disabledюMethodsWe studied the dynamics of psychopathological disorders: violation of the emotional sphere, thinking, perception, attention, volitional activity and cognitive functions. The functional and metabolic activity of segmented neutrophils in the peripheral blood of 42 patients, men and women aged 43 to 64 years, and 22 healthy donors were studied.ResultsLong-term exposure to chronic industrial mercury intoxication led to persistent disorders of mental functions, suppression of phagocytic activity of neutrophils up to 42.3+-4.7 per cent and inhibition of the reaction with nitro blue cytosol 4.2+-0.1 per cent..ConclusionsThe revealed violations of the emotional-volitional sphere and cognitive mental functions are possibly associated with the suppression of nonspecific cellular reactions of microphages. Violations of neuroimmune interactions in mercury intoxication require further study.DisclosureNo significant relationships.