bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Copper Peroxides Based Multiple Tumor Microenvironment Regulation for Enhanced Photodynamic/Chemodynamic Synergistic Therapy
Authors: Wang Meifang , Zhang Wenyin , Ding Binbin , Ma Ping'an , Lin Jun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHypoxia, overexpressed glutathione (GSH) and depletable H2O2 in tumor microenvironment (TME) are three major obstacles to the development of reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐mediated antitumor therapy. Herein, a photodynamic/chemodynamic synergistic therapeutic nanoagent, DMOS@CuO2/ICG‐HA (DCI), is synthesized based on copper peroxide (CuO2) and indocyanine green (ICG) co‐loaded disulfide‐bond‐incorporated dendritic mesoporous organosilica (DMOS), with modification of hyaluronic acid (HA). The DCI nanocomposites (NCs) can realize multiple TME regulating ability through releasing H2O2/O2 and depleting GSH under acidic condition. Besides, the released Cu2+ can contribute to T1‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in vitro and in vivo. After accumulating at the tumor sites, the DCI NCs can overcome the hypoxia and produce high level of ROS to induce cell apoptosis upon laser irradiation. Hence, the as‐prepared DCI nanoagent can realize MRI‐guided synergistic photodynamic/chemodynamic therapy with enhanced antitumor efficacy.
Co‐Substituted BiFeO3: Electronic, Ferroelectric, and Thermodynamic Properties from First Principles
Authors: Grover Shivani , Butler Keith T. , Waghmare Umesh V. , Grau‐Crespo Ricardo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBismuth ferrite, BiFeO3, is a multiferroic solid that is attracting increasing attention as a potential photocatalytic material, because the ferroelectric polarization enhances the separation of photogenerated carriers. With the motivation of finding routes to engineer the band gap and the band alignment, while conserving or enhancing the ferroelectric properties, the thermodynamic, electronic, and ferroelectric properties of BiCoxFe1−xO3 solid solutions (x = 0, 0.0625, 0.125) using density functional theory are investigated. It is shown that the band gap can be reduced from 2.9 to 2.1 eV by cobalt substitution, while simultaneously increasing the spontaneous polarization, which is associated with a notably larger Born effective charge of Co compared to Fe cations. The interaction between Co impurities is discussed, which is strongly attractive and can drive the aggregation of Co, as evidenced by Monte Carlo simulations. Phase separation into a Co‐rich phase is therefore predicted to be thermodynamically preferred, and the homogenous solid solution can only exist in metastable form, protected by slow cation diffusion kinetics. Finally, the band alignment of pure and Co‐substituted BiFeO3 with relevant redox potentials, in the context of its applicability in photocatalysis, is discussed.
Cost‐Effective H2O2‐Regeneration of Powdered Activated Carbon by Isolated Fe Sites
Authors: Chen Xu , Tian Ziqi , Yang Qihao , Zhang Linjuan , Yang Qiu , Chen Liang , Lu Zhiyi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe reuse of powdered activated carbon (PAC) vitally determines the economics and security of the PAC‐based adsorption process, while state‐of‐the‐art PAC regeneration technologies are usually unsatisfactory. Here, it is demonstrated that isolated Fe sites anchored on commercial PAC enable fast H2O2 activation to produce Fe‐based reactive oxygen species for highly efficient PAC regeneration at room temperature. Taking rhodamine B as a representative pollutant, PAC decorated with isolated Fe sites realize H2O2 based regeneration with negligible adsorption capacity degradation for 10 cycles. Moreover, in terms of the PAC loss rate, this technology is greatly superior to traditional Fenton‐based regeneration technology. Further operando experiments and theoretical calculations reveal that the high regeneration performance can be attributed to the isolated HOFeO motifs, which activate H2O2 via a nonradical reaction pathway. These findings provide a very promising strategy toward reducing the cost of H2O2‐based PAC regeneration technology.
Interfacial Coupling SnSe2/SnSe Heterostructures as Long Cyclic Anodes of Lithium‐Ion Battery
Authors: Feng Wang , Wen Xia , Wang Yuzhu , Song Luying , Li Xiaohui , Du Ruofan , Yang Junbo , Li Hui , He Jun , Shi Jianping 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTin selenide (SnSe2) is considered a promising anode of the lithium‐ion battery because of its tunable interlayer space, abundant active sites, and high theoretical capacity. However, the low electronic conductivity and large volume variation during the charging/discharging processes inevitably result in inadequate specific capacity and inferior cyclic stability. Herein, a high‐throughput wet chemical method to synthesize SnSe2/SnSe heterostructures is designed and used as anodes of lithium‐ion batteries. The hierarchical nanoflower morphology of such heterostructures buffers the volume expansion, while the built‐in electric field and metallic feature increase the charge transport capability. As expected, the superb specific capacity (≈911.4 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1), high‐rate performance, and outstanding cyclic stability are obtained in the lithium‐ion batteries composed of SnSe2/SnSe anodes. More intriguingly, a reversible specific capacity (≈374.7 mAh g−1 at 2.5 A g−1) is maintained after 1000 cycles. The internal lithium storage mechanism is clarified by density functional theory (DFT) calculations and in situ characterizations. This work hereby provides a new paradigm for enhancing lithium‐ion battery performances by constructing heterostructures.
Unveiling Chemically Robust Bimetallic Squarate‐Based Metal–Organic Frameworks for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Kandambeth Sharath , Kale Vinayak. S. , Fan Dong , Bau Jeremy A. , Bhatt Prashant M. , Zhou Sheng , Shkurenko Aleksander , Rueping Magnus , Maurin Guillaume , Shekhah Osama , Eddaoudi Mohamed 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHere, this work reports an innovative strategy for the synthesis of chemically robust metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), and applies them as catalysts for the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). A bimetallic squarate‐based MOF (Sq‐MOF) with a zbr topology serves as an excellent platform for electrocatalytic OER owing to its open porous structure, high affinity toward water, and presence of catalytically active 1D metal hydroxide strips. By regulating the Ni2+ content in a bimetallic squarate MOF system, the electrochemical structural stability toward OER can be improved. The screening of various metal ratios demonstrates that Ni3Fe1 and Ni2Fe1 Sq‐zbr‐MOFs show the best performance for electrocatalytic OER in terms of catalytic activity and structural stability. Ni2Fe1 Sq‐zbr‐MOF shows a low overpotential of 230 mV (at 10 mA cm−2) and a small Tafel slope of 37.7 mV dec−1, with an excellent long‐term electrochemical stability for the OER. Remarkably, these overpotential values of Ni2Fe1 Sq‐zbr‐MOF are comparable with those of the best‐performing layered double hydroxide (LDH) systems and outperforms the commercially available noble‐metal‐based RuO2 catalyst for OER under identical operational conditions.
Inducing the Preferential Growth of Zn (002) Plane for Long Cycle Aqueous Zn‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Huangwei , Zhong Yun , Li Jianbo , Liao Yaqi , Zeng Jialiu , Shen Yue , Yuan Lixia , Li Zhen , Huang Yunhui 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUncontrolled growth of Zn dendrites is the main reason for the short‐circuit failure of aqueous Zn‐ion batteries. Using electrolyte additives to manipulate the crystal growth is one of the most convenient strategies to mitigate the dendrite issue. However, most additives would be unstable during cycling due to the structural reconstruction of the deposition layer. Herein, it is proposed to use 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium cation (BMIm+ ion) as an electrolyte additive, which could steadily induce the preferential growth of (002) plane and inhibit the formation of Zn dendrites. Specifically, BMIm+ ion will be preferentially adsorbed on (100) and (101) planes of Zn anodes, forcing Zn2+ ion to deposit on the (002) plane, thus inducing the preferential growth of the (002) plane and forming a flat and compact deposition layer. As a result, the Zn anode cycles for 1000 h at10 mA cm−2 and 10 mAh cm−2 as well as a high Coulombic efficiency of 99.8%. Meanwhile, the NH4V4O10||Zn pouch cell can operate stably for 240 cycles at 0.4 A g−1. The BMIm+ ion additive keeps a stable effect on the structural reconstruction of the Zn anode during the prolonged cycling.
Effects of mowing, spring precipitation, soil nutrients, and enzymes on grassland productivity
Authors: Reinhart Kurt O. , Komatsu Kim J. , Vermeire Lance T. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLittle research has assessed how the timing and intensity of grazing might affect plant biomass, available nutrients, soil extracellular enzyme activity (EEA), and how climate change might influence these responses. We tested the effect of two spring precipitation schemes (70, 100% of ambient), two mowing intensities (moderate, severe), and two mowing season treatments (June, October) on plant and soil properties. We detected an interactive effect of precipitation, mowing intensity, and mowing season on plant biomass. When plots were mowed at a moderate intensity, water reductions had irregular effects on plant biomass depending on the mowing season. Plant biomass was also 11% greater in plots mowed at moderate than at severe intensities. Most soil nutrients were unaffected by treatments except for calcium. Soil EEA was unaffected by treatments; however, the activity of a phosphorus (P)‐acquisition enzyme was more than four times greater than the activity of nitrogen (N)‐ and carbon‐acquisition enzymes. A substantial amount (adjusted R2 = .51) of plot‐to‐plot variation in plant biomass was explained by three soil properties especially an N‐acquisition enzyme and to a lesser degree by plant available P and soil pH. The grassland had a high degree of natural buffering capacity as most soil properties were resistant to shifts in 6‐yr spring precipitation and 5‐yr simulated grazing intensity and season. Grassland plant biomass varied by treatments and was seemingly limited by biogeochemical constraints especially the prevalent need to mobilize P and a secondary need to acquire N as plant biomass increased.
The prognostic value of clinical frailty scale and outcomes in older patients undergoing left ventricular assist device implantation
Authors: Ajibawo Temitope , Chauhan Priyank , Gopalan Radha S. , Agarwal Nimit K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesHeart failure impacts patients’ functional capabilities, ultimately leading to frailty. The use of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is acceptable as both destination therapy and bridge to transplant in heart failure management. We aim to evaluate the prognostic value of the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) on outcomes in older patients undergoing implantation of LVAD.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective chart review of patients ≥ 60 years old that underwent LVAD implantation at our medical center from May 1, 2018, to October 30, 2020. CFS was retrospectively assigned before LVAD placement and CFS scores > 4 was considered frail. Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox regression were used to analyze 1‐year survival estimates.ResultsForty percent of the cohort was classified as frail according to CFS. Thirty‐day re‐admission rates were comparable between frail and non‐frail patients (46% vs 35%; P = 0.419). 1‐year survival was lower in the frail vs non‐frail group (log rank, P = 0.017). On Cox analysis, only frailty was associated with 1‐year post‐intervention mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 5.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.131–28.212; P = 0.035).ConclusionsCFS‐defined frailty was associated with increased risk of 1‐year mortality after LVAD implantation. CFS may be a valuable tool in the frailty assessment for risk stratification of patients undergoing LVAD implantation. Multicenter studies are required to validate these findings.
Fetal skeletal dysplasia cohort of a single tertiary referral center in Istanbul, Turkey
Authors: Kalayci Tugba , Altunoglu Umut , Çorbacioglu Esmer Aytul , Avcı Şahin , Sarac Sivrikoz Tugba , Karaman Birsen , Kalelioğlu İbrahim , Has Recep , Uyguner Zehra Oya , Yüksel Atıl , Başaran Seher , Kayserili Hülya 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe report on 314 fetal cases from 297 unrelated families with skeletal dysplasia evaluated in the postmortem period from 2000 to 2017 at a single clinical genetics center in İstanbul, Turkey. The definite diagnostic yield was 40% during the prenatal period, while it reached 74.5% when combined with postmortem clinical and radiological evaluation. Molecular analyses were performed in 25.5% (n: 76) of families, and 21 novel variants were identified. Classification according to International Skeletal Dysplasia Society‐2019 revision revealed limb hypoplasia‐reduction defects group (39) as the leading one, 24.5%, then followed by FGFR3 chondrodysplasias, osteogenesis imperfecta, and decreased mineralization and polydactyly‐syndactyly‐triphalangism groups 13.6, 11.1, and 8.9%, respectively. The inheritance pattern was autosomal recessive in 54% and autosomal dominant in 42.6% of index cases. The overall consanguinity rate of the cohort was 33%. The high prevalence of ultrarare diseases along with two or more unrelated autosomal recessive entities running in the same family was noteworthy. This study highlights the pivotal role of postmortem evaluation by an experienced clinical geneticist to achieve a high diagnostic yield in fetal skeletal dysplasia cohorts. The cohort is not only a representation of the spectrum of skeletal dysplasias in a population with a high consanguinity rate but also provides an ideal research group to work on to identify the unknowns of early fetal life.
Baseline characterization of the ARMADA (Assessing Reliable Measurement in Alzheimer's Disease) study cohorts
Authors: Karpouzian‐Rogers Tatiana , Ho Emily , Novack Miriam , Chinkers Miriam , Bedjeti Katy , Nowinski Cindy , Giordani Bruno , Gershon Richard , Weintraub Sandra 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe National Institutes of Health (NIH) Toolbox (NIHTB) provides computerized measures of cognition, emotion, sensation, and motor abilities across the lifespan. The ARMADA (Assessing Reliable Measurement in Alzheimer's Disease and Cognitive Aging) study validated the NIHTB in individuals across the cognitive aging spectrum. This article reports the characteristics of our sample of participants.MethodsParticipants were recruited across nine sites and classified clinically as cognitively normal (NC), with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or with dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT.) They completed the NIHTB at multiple time points and many had at least one Alzheimer's biomarker previously obtained.ResultsGroups differed with respect to dementia severity levels, as anticipated, but were well‐matched across many demographic characteristics.DiscussionThe ARMADA study demographics and baseline characteristics provide a suitable sample for validating the NIHTB across the cognitive aging spectrum. Other enriched samples (African American participants, Spanish NIHTB, 85+ years of age) will be reported elsewhere.Highlights
There is a need for assessments that can detect the early stages of cognitive decline in older adults.

The ARMADA (Assessing Reliable Measurement in Alzheimer's Disease and Cognitive Aging) study will validate the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Toolbox across the aging spectrum, including mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT).

Here we report the characteristics of participants.

Groups were well‐matched across most demographic characteristics, and clinical characteristics differed as expected.

ARMADA study cohorts reflect their respective clinical syndromes for validating the NIH Toolbox.
Herpes simplex virus alters Alzheimer's disease biomarkers ‐ A hypothesis paper
Authors: Goldhardt Oliver , Freiberger Robert , Dreyer Tobias , Willner Luisa , Yakushev Igor , Ortner Marion , Förstl Hans , Diehl‐Schmid Janine , Milz Esther , Priller Josef , Ramirez Alfredo , Magdolen Viktor , Thaler Markus , Grimmer Timo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionHuman herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) is discussed to induce amyloid‐β (Aβ) accumulation and neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) in cell culture and animal models. Aβ appears to be virostatic. We investigated the association between intrathecal antibodies against HSV or cytomegalovirus (CMV) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers.MethodsAβ42/Aβ40 ratio, pTau, and tTau were measured in CSF of 117 patients with early AD positive for amyloid pathology (A+) and 30 healthy controls (A‐). CSF‐to‐serum anti‐HSV1/2‐IgG antibody indices (AI‐IgGHSV1/2) and CMV (AI‐IgGCMV) were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsExclusively in HSV1‐seropositive AD, pTau was positively and significantly predicted by AI‐IgGHSV1/2 and negatively by the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio in both univariate and multivariate regression analyses. Furthermore, a significant and negative interaction between the AI‐IgGHSV1/2 and Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio on pTau was found.DiscussionThe results support the hypothesis that HSV infection contributes to AD.Highlights
HSV antibody index is positively associated with tau pathology in patients with AD.
HSV antibody index is negatively associated with cerebral FDG metabolism.
Amyloid modulates the association of HSV antibody index with CSF‐pTau.
HSV in AD offers a pathophysiological model connecting tau and amyloid.
Blood levels of MCP‐1 modulate the genetic risks of Alzheimer's disease mediated by HLA‐DRB1 and APOE for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Huang Jinghan , Stein Thor D. , Wang Yixuan , Ang Ting Fang Alvin , Tao Qiushan , Lunetta Kathryn L. , Massaro Joseph , Akhter‐Khan Samia C. , Mez Jesse , Au Rhoda , Farrer Lindsay A. , Zhang Xiaoling , Qiu Wei Qiao ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionC‐Reactive protein (CRP) and monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) are both implicated in the peripheral proinflammatory cascade and blood‒brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Since the blood CRP level increases Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk depending on the apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, we hypothesized that the blood MCP‐1 level exerts different effects on the AD risk depending on the genotypes.MethodsUsing multiple regression analyses, data from the Framingham Heart Study (n = 2884) and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative study (n = 231) were analyzed.ResultsAn elevated blood MCP‐1 level was associated with AD risk in major histocompatibility complex, Class II, DR beta 1 (HLA‐DRB1) rs9271192‐AC/CC (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.50–6.28, p = 0.002) and in APOE ε4 carriers (HR = 3.22, 95% CI = 1.59–6.53, p = 0.001). In contrast, among HLA‐DRB1 rs9271192‐AA and APOE ε4 noncarriers, blood MCP‐1 levels were not associated with these phenotypes.DiscussionSince HLA‐DRB1 and APOE are expressed in the BBB, blood MCP‐1 released in the peripheral inflammatory cascade may function as a mediator of the effects of HLA‐DRB1 rs9271192‐AC/CC and APOE ε4 genotypes on AD pathogenesis in the brain via the BBB pathways.
Aufwärtskonversion von blauem Licht zu UVB‐Strahlung, Lösungsmittelsensibilisierung und anspruchsvolle Bindungsaktivierungen durch einen Benzol‐Annihilator
Authors: Zähringer Till J. B. , Moghtader Julian A. , Bertrams Maria‐Sophie , Roy Bibhisan , Uji Masanori , Yanai Nobuhiro , Kerzig Christoph 
Published: November 2022

AbstractViele energetisch anspruchsvolle Photoreaktionen benötigen schädliches UV‐Licht aus ineffizienten Lichtquellen. Die Umwandlung von niederenergetischem sichtbarem Licht in hochenergetische Singulett‐Zustände über die Aufwärtskonversion durch Triplett‐Triplett‐Annihilierung (TTA‐UC) könnte eine Lösung bieten, um solche Reaktionen unter milden Bedingungen durchzuführen. Wir präsentieren den ersten Annihilator mit einem Emissionsmaximum im UVB‐Bereich, der in Kombination mit einem organischen Sensibilisator für die Aufwärtskonversion von blauem Licht zu UVB geeignet ist. Der angeregte Singulett‐Zustand des Annihilators wurde erfolgreich als Energiedonor in einer nachgelagerten FRET‐Aktivierung von aliphatischen Carbonylen eingesetzt. Die bislang weitestgehend unbekannte UC‐FRET‐Reaktionssequenz wurde mittels Laserspektroskopie direkt untersucht und in mechanistischen Bestrahlungsexperimenten eingesetzt, um die Machbarkeit von anspruchsvoller Norrish‐Chemie zu demonstrieren. Unsere Ergebnisse liefern eindeutige Beweise für eine neuartige durch blaues Licht angetriebene Aktivierungsstrategie von Substrat‐ oder Lösungsmittelmolekülen, die im Zusammenhang mit der Entwicklung von nachhaltigen Systemen zur Umwandlung von Licht in chemische Energie von hoher Relevanz ist.
Reactable versus soluble DOPO derivatives in poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) composites: Flame retardance, mechanical properties and morphology
Authors: Long Lijuan , Xu Wenjing , Xu Tao , Xu Guomin , Xiang Yushu , Shan Chunyan , He Min , Qin Shuhao , Yu Jie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFlame retardant poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene adipate‐co‐ terephthalate) (PLA/PBAT) composites containing 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐ phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO) derivatives (phosphorus‐containing diol compound of DOPO‐HQ, and bis DOPO phosphonates of DIDOPO) were systematically and comparatively investigated. Results showed that the different structures of the two derivatives with reactable or soluble characteristics display different effects. DIDOPO endows a higher limiting oxygen index and a better UL‐94 rating for PLA/PBAT composites compared with DOPO‐HQ. Compared with that of PLA/PBAT, the peak heat release rate of PLA/PBAT/DIDOPO‐12.5 is 8.4% lower and that of PLA/PBAT/DOPO‐HQ‐12.5 is 30.6% lower. The flame retardant mechanism of the main gaseous and minor condensed phases is evident for the flame retardant PLA/PBAT composites. In comparison, DIDOPO displays a greater flame inhibition effect, and DOPO‐HQ shows better barrier and protective functions in PLA/PBAT composites. Besides, the elongation at break of the composites with DOPO‐HQ is slightly superior to that of PLA/PBAT/DIDOPO. After the introduction of flame retardant, the blends show dispersed particles with size reduction relative to those of PLA/PBAT. This work provides a guidance to design PLA composites with simultaneously improved flame retardancy and toughness.
Thermo‐mechanical recycling of climbing ropes: A case study on a closed loop process for PA6
Authors: du Maire Philippe , Deckert Matthias , Johlitz Michael , Öchsner Andreas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGlobal warming has increasingly drastic consequences, especially in the Alps but also in the rest of the world. To reduce greenhouse gases, widespread recycling of plastic waste is becoming an essential necessity. This research investigates a possible recycling process for old climbing ropes made out of polyamide 6. Old climbing ropes were collected and processed with a twin screw extruder to fabricate recycled granulate. Investigating different shredding techniques showed that pretreatment with liquid nitrogen or water and liquid nitrogen are proven to be insufficient. A good shredding was achieved using a shredding‐granulator. Tensile test specimens had been fabricated out of the recycled granulate using an injection moulding process. The tensile tests showed a sufficient material quality and higher tensile strength than the virgin polyamide 6 used for the comparison. Tensile strength and Young's modulus increased, whereas the elongation at break decreased. A previous cleaning of the old ropes showed slightly better material properties of the recycled granulate.