bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Initial Magnetic Field Distribution in AB Stars
Authors: Farrell Eoin , Jermyn Adam S. , Cantiello Matteo , Foreman-Mackey Daniel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Stars are born with magnetic fields, but the distribution of their initial field strengths remains uncertain. We combine observations with theoretical models of magnetic field evolution to infer the initial distribution of magnetic fields for AB stars in the mass range of 1.6–3.4 M
⊙. We tested a variety of distributions with different shapes and found that a distribution with a mean of ∼800 G and a full width of ∼600 G is most consistent with the observed fraction of strongly magnetized stars as a function of mass. Our most-favored distribution is a Gaussian with a mean of μ = 770 G and standard deviation of σ = 146 G. Independent approaches to measure the typical field strength suggest values closer to 2–3 kG, a discrepancy that could suggest a mass-dependent and bimodal initial field distribution, or an alternative theoretical picture for the origin of these magnetic fields.
MEGASIM: Lifetimes and Resonances of Earth Trojan Asteroids—The Death of Primordial ETAs?
Authors: Yeager Travis , Golovich Nathan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We present an analysis of lifetimes and resonances of Earth Trojan Asteroids (ETAs) in the MEGASIM data set. Trojan asteroids co-orbit the Sun with a planet, but remain bound to the Lagrange points, L4 (60° leading the planet) or L5 (60° trailing). In the circular three-body approximation, the stability of a Trojan asteroid depends on the ratio of the host planet mass and the central mass. For the inner planets, the range of stability becomes increasingly small, so perturbations from the planets have made primordial Trojans rare. To date, there have been just two ETAs (2010 TK7 and 2020 XL5), several Mars Trojans, and a Venus Trojan discovered. The estimated lifetimes of the known inner system Trojans are shorter than a million years, suggesting they are interlopers rather than members of a stable and long-lasting population. With the largest ETA n-body simulation to date, we are able to track their survival across a wide initialized parameter space. We find that the remaining fraction of ETAs over time is well fit with a stretched exponential function that, when extrapolated beyond our simulation run time, predicts zero ETAs by 2.33 Gyr. We also show correlations between ETA ejections and the periods of the Milankovitch cycles. Though Earth’s orbital dynamics dominate the instabilities of ETAs, we provide evidence that ETA ejections are linked to resonances found in the variation of the orbital elements of many if not all of the planets.
Forward Modeling of Magnetic Field Measurements at the Bases of Stellar Coronae through Extreme-ultraviolet Spectroscopy
Authors: Liu Xianyu , Tian Hui , Chen Yajie , Li Wenxian , Jin Meng , Bai Xianyong , Yang Zihao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Measurements of the stellar coronal magnetic field are of great importance for understanding stellar magnetic activity, yet such measurements have been extremely difficult to obtain. Recent studies proposed a new method of obtaining magnetic field measurements based on the magnetic-field-induced transition (MIT) of the Fe x ion. Here we construct a series of stellar coronal magnetohydrodynamics models and synthesize several Fe x emission lines at extreme-ultraviolet wavelengths, and then diagnose the magnetic field strength at the bases of the coronae using the MIT technique. Our results show that the technique can be applied to some stars with magnetic fields more than three times higher than that of the Sun at solar maximum. Furthermore, we investigate the uncertainty of the derived magnetic field strength caused by photon counting errors and find that a signal-noise ratio of ∼50 for the Fe x 175 Å line is required to achieve effective measurements of the stellar coronal magnetic field.
A new species of the genus Siambathynella Camacho, Watiroyram &amp; Brancelj, 2011 (Crustacea, Bathynellacea, Parabathynellidae) from a Thai cave
Authors: Camacho Ana I. , Leclerc Philippe 
Published: October 2022

Siambathynella janineanasp. nov. (family Parabathynellidae) discovered in Thailand is herein described. The new species displays an exclusive character: a distinctive organ on the antennule of males. It also displays a unique combination of morphological characters, including a seven-segmented antennule and antenna, sexual dimorphism of the antennule, a one-segmented exopod on thoracopod I and a two-segmented one on thoracopods II to VII, a male thoracopod VIII without basipodial setae and with a trapezoidal outer lobe, a female thoracopod VIII with two denticles at the base of two setae, pleopods absent, a sympod of the uropod with an inhomonomous row of spines and an uropod endopod with a spinous distal process and a very large distal spine covered with setules.
This is the fifth record of Bathynellacea (family Parabathynellidae) found in caves in Thailand.
L’effet de la pandémie sur l’enseignement de l’histoire et de la citoyenneté
Authors: Heimberg Charles 
Published: October 2022

Cette contribution témoigne à la fois de l’expérience de la traversée de la pandémie de covid-19 et de ses effets sur un enseignement de didactique des sciences sociales et de la citoyenneté, y compris en ce qui concerne sa contribution à la compréhension des enjeux sociétaux de la crise. Pour le présent et le passé, l’enseignement de l’histoire permet de percevoir la pandémie comme un révélateur des inégalités sociales ; de montrer l’importance d’une observation sur plusieurs échelles spatiales et temporelles ; et surtout de mettre en lien cette expérience forte de l’incertitude au présent avec des incertitudes du passé. Pour le présent et l’avenir, l’étude du déroulement et de la complexité de la pandémie contribuent au développement d’une faculté de discernement, autour de ses deux piliers étroitement imbriqués que sont les savoirs et le caractère non-prescriptif de leur construction. Alors que l’issue reste incertaine, des savoirs et une pensée critique que l’on s’approprie ont encore à produire du discernement et de l’autonomie.
La fabrique du privilège du désir
Authors: Lévy-Guillain Rébecca 
Published: October 2022

Les grandes enquêtes quantitatives ont constaté l’existence de différences sociales dans les manières de vivre le désir sexuel. Envisageant ces différences comme un foyer d’inégalités dans la sexualité, cet article cherche à comprendre comment se fabriquent de telles différences entre groupes sociaux, notamment en fonction du genre et de la classe sociale. S’appuyant sur une enquête par entretiens biographiques conduits auprès d’individus aux profils sociaux diversifiés, il envisage l’apprentissage du désir comme un parcours qui commence au cours de l’enfance et se poursuit tout au long de la vie, et qui met en jeu des expériences se déroulant dans plusieurs sphères sociales. Il montre alors que la socialisation au désir opère en transmettant un ensemble de dispositions corporelles – via la pratique répétée d’activités physiques – et de dispositions mentales – via l’incorporation instantanée ou conscientisée de cadres interprétatifs et de répertoires de significations. Ainsi, l’article établit, d’une part, que les hommes sont davantage socialisés au désir que les femmes. Il conclut, d’autre part, que la socialisation enfantine et juvénile que connaissent les femmes issues des classes populaires inscrit plus durablement des dispositions au désir que celle qui s’opère à l’âge adulte, chez les femmes appartenant aux classes moyennes et supérieures, et via l’appropriation de grilles d’analyses féministes ou psychologiques.
Des parcours migratoires aux positions économiques : ce que les migrations complexes changent à l’insertion des immigrés
Authors: Caron Louise 
Published: October 2022

Cet article interroge ce qu’une meilleure prise en compte des expériences migratoires antérieures apporte à la compréhension des processus d’intégration des immigrés dans le pays de destination. En se fondant sur les données de l’enquête « Trajectoires et Origines » (TeO) (Ined-Insee, 2008-2009), il décrit d’abord la diversité des parcours géographiques passés des immigrés en France grâce à des analyses de séquences qui mettent au jour plusieurs formes de migrations complexes (transit de courte durée, transit de longue durée, épisodes migratoires épars avant l’arrivée en France, allers-retours après l’installation en métropole). Des régressions montrent ensuite en particulier que les trajectoires marquées par des migrations de transit sont associées à des situations économiques et résidentielles plus favorables en France. Différents mécanismes explicatifs sont discutés, comme l’hypothèse de disparités dans les ressources initiales et acquises au cours de la migration. Ces analyses confirment que la spécificité des trajectoires migratoires constitue une dimension supplémentaire pertinente pour rendre compte de l’hétérogénéité des positions socioéconomiques des immigrés.
Effects of Modified Haptics on Surgical Outcomes and Rotational Stability of Toric Intraocular Lens Implantation
Authors: Osawa Ryoko , Sano Masahiko , Yuguchi Takuma , Kaiya Tadayoshi , Oshika Tetsuro 
Published: October 2022

PURPOSE:
To assess the rotational stability of a new toric intraocular lens (IOL), TECNIS toric II (toric II), which is a modified version of the TECNIS toric IOL (toric I) with frosted haptics (Johnson & Johnson).

METHODS:
A total of 101 eyes of 101 patients who had been treated with phacoemulsification and toric IOL implantation were included. Before and 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after surgery, uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuity were measured. Preoperative corneal astigmatism and postoperative manifest refractive astigmatism at 1 day and 1 month were analyzed. At 1 day and 1 month postoperatively, the amount of IOL axis misalignment from the intended orientation, tilt, and decentration were measured using anterior segment optical coherence tomography.

RESULTS:

Fifty-one eyes received the toric I IOL and 50 eyes received the toric II IOL. Toric I IOLs showed a significantly larger amount of axis misalignment than toric II IOLs at both 1 day (9.6 ± 7.6° vs 5.4 ± 4.8°,
P
= .003) and 1 month (9.1 ± 7.8° vs. 4.7 ± 4.2°,
P
= .003) postoperatively.The proportion of eyes with misalignment greater than 10° was significantly larger with toric I than toric II IOLs (
P
< .001). There were no significant differences between IOLs in the amount of residual astigmatism, UDVA, CDVA, and amount of tilt and decentration at 1 day and 1 month postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONS:
The TECNIS toric II IOL with frosted haptics has significantly improved rotational stability compared to its previous model.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2022;38(10):648–653.]
An Experimental Laboratory Study Using the Miyake-Apple Posterior View Technique to Investigate the Dynamics Between Capsular Bags and Different IOL Models
Authors: Zhang Lu , Schickhardt Sonja , Auffarth Gerd U. 
Published: October 2022

PURPOSE:
To evaluate the dynamics between capsular bags and different intraocular lens (IOL) models in human cadaver eyes using the Miyake-Apple posterior view technique.

METHODS:
In an in vitro laboratory study, human cadaver eyes were prepared according to the Miyake-Apple posterior view technique. Five IOLs from each of the six groups (Avansee 1P [Simonvision], Avansee 3P [Simonvision], CT Lucia [Carl Zeiss Meditec], Acrysof [Alcon Laboratories, Inc], RayOne [Rayner], and CT Asphina [Carl Zeiss Meditec]) were implanted into capsular bags with different diameters. The empty capsular bag diameter and capsular bag diameter with an IOL in it were evaluated based on the Miyake-Apple view pictures. Posterior capsule striae were observed and compared between groups. The arc of contact between IOLs and the capsular equator was noted. Correlations between the empty capsular bag diameter and the capsular bag diameter with IOL, as well as between the empty capsular bag diameter and the arc of contact, were examined. With the Avansee 3P as a reference, the area deviation of the haptics of IOL models with looped haptics was compared.

RESULTS:

The capsular bag diameter with IOL inside and the arc of contact were proportional to the empty capsular bag diameter. The RayOne, Avansee 3P, and CT Lucia showed a longer arc of contact. Posterior capsule striae were observed in the Avansee 1P (1, 20%), Avansee 3P (5, 100%), Acrysof (1, 20%), and RayOne (2, 40%). Areas of deviation were 0.38 mm
2
(Avansee 1P), 0.24 mm
2
(CT Lucia), 0.34 mm
2
(Acrysof), and 0.31 mm
2
(RayOne), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
Different IOL models showed varied characteristics in terms of capsular bag fitting and arc of contact. Understanding these dynamics is critical to optimizing postoperative outcomes.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2022;38(10):654–660.]
Accuracy of Intraocular Lens Calculation Formulas for the Four-Flanged Fixation Technique in Eyes With No Capsular Support
Authors: Dubinsky-Pertzov Biana , Mahler Ori S. , Hecht Idan , Shemer Asaf , Or Lior , Gazit Inbal , Pras Eran , Einan-Lifshitz Adi 
Published: October 2022

PURPOSE:
To assess the refractive prediction error of four intraocular lens (IOL) calculation formulas in eyes that have undergone scleral fixation using the four-flanged technique.

METHODS:
This was a retrospective cohort analysis of patients who underwent scleral fixation using the four-flanged technique at the Shamir Medical Center between 2020 and 2021. Refractive prediction errors for four IOL prediction formulas (Barrett Universal II, Holladay 1, SRK/T, and Kane) were obtained by subtracting the predicted spherical equivalent from the postoperative spherical equivalent. Mean arithmetic refractive prediction error and mean absolute error were calculated and compared.

RESULTS:
Twenty-three eyes of 23 patients were included in the analysis. The Akreos AO60 IOL (Bausch & Lomb, Inc) was implanted in 9 eyes and the BunnyLens HP IOL (Hanita Lenses) in 14 eyes. Mean age was 72.84 ± 13.2 years. All formulas produced myopic mean arithmetic refractive prediction error. Mean arithmetic refractive error and mean absolute error were equal in absolute number. Mean arithmetic refractive prediction errors were −0.72 diopters (D) for Barrett Universal II, −0.61 D for Holladay 1, −0.77 D for SRK/T, and −0.94 D for Kane formulas. The refractive outcome differed significantly from the predicted refraction in all formulas. There were no statistically significant differences in prediction errors between the formulas.

CONCLUSIONS:
Refractive outcomes of the four-flanged fixation technique produced myopic results compared to the predicted refraction for all formulas tested. This suggests that the effective lens position is more anterior than in-the-bag IOL implantation.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2022;36(10):668–673.]
Short-term Evaluation of Visual Quality, Amplitude of Accommodation, and Stereoacuity Between Patients With Moderate-to-High Myopia Who Underwent ICLV4c Implantation and SMILE
Authors: Long Yan , Li XiuYi , Zhou Tianan , Ye Bei , Guo DongYu , Shen Ye 
Published: October 2022

PURPOSE:
To compare the visual quality, accommodation, and stereoacuity between patients with a myopia magnitude of −3.00 to −8.50 diopters (D) who underwent ICLV4c (STAAR Surgical) implantation and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

METHODS:
The visual quality parameters, amplitude of accommodation (AMP), and stereoacuity were compared between and within the ICLV4c and SMILE groups (40 eyes/group) with a mean spherical equivalent (SE) of −6.14 D. Differences in these parameters before and after surgery were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 software (SPSS, Inc).

RESULTS:

Modulation transfer function (MTF) cut-off increased significantly by 3.24 cycles/degree (
t
= −2.111,
P
= .041) and AMP decreased significantly by 1.66 D (
t
= 7.519,
P
< .001) from baseline to 3 months after surgery in the ICLV4c group. However, the MTF cut-off was significantly lower (
t
= 2.123,
P
= .037) and the AMP was significantly better (
t
= −3.605,
P
= .001) in the SMILE group than in the ICLV4c group at 3 months postoperatively. Other parameters such as Objective Scatter Index, Strehl ratio, and Optical Quality Analysis System (Visiometrics) under different contrast values did not show significant changes (
P
> .05). Stereoacuity did not improve significantly, except in a patient with anisometropia (2.50 D) in the ICLV4c group.

CONCLUSIONS:
The ICLV4c implantation yielded a better visual quality but worse AMP than did SMILE in patients with a myopia magnitude of −3.00 to −8.50 D in the short term.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2022;38(10):632-640.]
Operations research and the application of advanced managerial techniques - An introduction
Authors: Bocker H. J. 
Published: October 2022

Hierdie artikel is bedoel as 'n inleiding tot Operasionele Navorsing en die toepassing van Gevorderde Bestuurstegnieke, 'n gebied wat omskryf kan word as die toepassing van wetenskaplike, spesifiek kwantitatiewe metodes, op bestuursprobleme.In hierdie veld is daar 'n verskeidenheid tegnieke beskikbaar, baie waarvan nog betreklik onbekend is by bestuur. Sommige word reeds as standaard-tegnieke beskou, en andere mag hulle in die ontwikkeling- of verbeteringstadium bevind.'n Artikel soos hierdie is dus in ooreenstemming nie slegs met die ontwikkeling van akademiese navorsing in die veld nie, maar ook met 'n steeds groeiende vraag na kwantitatiewe ontleding in die sakepraktyk.Die moderne bestuurder tree in 'n toenemend komplekse omgewing op waar kwantitatiewe metodes 'n alledaagse verskynsel is. Hy kan dus nie die veld en sy probleme slegs aan deskundiges oorlaat nie. Die bestuurder moet weet wanneer kwantitatiewe metodes betroubaar en van waarde is. Hy moet 'n basiese begrip he van hulle aard en rol, hulle koste-voordeel-verhoudinge, asook hulle beperkinge. Dit behoort horn die nodige vertroue in te boesem om die aanbevelings van die spesialis na waarde te skat in die besluitnemingsproses.In hierdie veld is daar 'n verskeidenheid tegnieke beskikbaar, baie waarvan nog betreklik onbekend is by bestuur. Sommige word reeds as standaard-tegnieke beskou, en andere mag hulle in die ontwikkeling- of verbeteringstadium bevind.'n Artikel soos hierdie is dus in ooreenstemming nie slegs met die ontwikkeling van akademiese navorsing in die veld nie, maar ook met 'n steeds groeiende vraag na kwantitatiewe ontleding in die sakepraktyk.Die moderne bestuurder tree in 'n toenemend komplekse omgewing op waar kwantitatiewe metodes 'n alledaagse verskynsel is. Hy kan dus nie die veld en sy probleme slegs aan deskundiges oorlaat nie. Die bestuurder moet weet wanneer kwantitatiewe metodes betroubaar en van waarde is. Hy moet 'n basiese begrip he van hulle aard en rol, hulle koste-voordeel-verhoudinge, asook hulle beperkinge. Dit behoort horn die nodige vertroue in te boesem om die aanbevelings van die spesialis na waarde te skat in die besluitnemingsproses.
Psychiatric and neuropsychiatric issues in persons with COVID-19 infection: A case-control online study from India–Neorealist study
Authors: Vaishnav Mrugesh , Grover Sandeep , Vaishnav Parth , Sharma Kamal , Avasthi Ajit 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Many studies across the globe have evaluated the adverse mental health consequences of COVID-19 in patients who suffered from COVID-19 infection. However, a comparative study of persons who suffered from COVID-19 infection and those who witnessed the COVID-19 infection in their close relatives is lacking.

Aims and Objectives:
This study aims to compare the psychiatric morbidity in persons who suffered from COVID-19 infections, and those who witnessed the illness in one of their close relatives.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional online survey, 2,964 adult participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) Scale, Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCS-19), Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS), The Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) and a self-designed questionnaire to evaluate other neuropsychiatric complications.

Results:
Compared to the close relatives who had witnessed COVID-19 infection, participants who developed COVID-19 infection had a significantly higher prevalence of depression (34.6%), anxiety disorder (32.3%), and fear of COVID-19 infection (18.8%), which was significantly higher than that noted in close relatives. However, BRS coping score was not significantly different between the two groups. Overall, about one-third of the participants who developed COVID-19 infection had depression and one-third had anxiety disorders. One-fifth of the participants reported high fear, post-traumatic symptoms, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, whereas one-sixth reported other neuropsychiatric manifestations.

Conclusion:
Patients who suffered from COVID-19 have a higher prevalence of depression, anxiety, and fear as compared to those to witnessed COVID-19 in relatives.
Evaluation of Aortic Root Dilation in Adult Patients after Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Parsaee Mozhgan , Rezaeefar Atieh , Khajali Zahra , Khesali Hamideh , Bidkhori Mohammad , Soleimani Abbas 
Published: October 2022

Background and Aim:
Aortic root dilation is one of the common complications in patients with a history of tetralogy of Fallot total correction (TFTC). We evaluate the frequency of aortic root dilation in adult TFTC patients and analyze probable risk factors related to the dilated aortic root.

Materials and Methods and Results:
We reviewed echocardiography images of 146 adult TFTC patients who admitted at Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center from 1383 to 1399 in an observational retrospective cohort study. Sinus of Valsalva (SOV) was measured in parasternal long-axis view. Aortic root dilation was determined by two definitions. When we adjusted SOV diameter for body surface area and sex, the frequency of aortic root dilation was 68%, with a mean SOV diameter of 3.5 ± 0.7 cm and when we used absolute diameter ≥4 cm for dilated SOV, 22% showed aortic root dilation. By multivariate logistic regression analysis, male sex (odds ratio (OR) = 3.47, P = 0.003), age at the time of TFTC (OR = 1.06, P = 0.009), and aortic regurgitation (OR = 3.97, P = 0.003) were associated with increased adds of dilated aortic root. Three patients underwent aortic surgery, including one case of type A aortic dissection.

Conclusion:
Although aortic root dilation was common, aneurysmal dilation and adverse events were not so frequent. Serial evaluation of all segments of the ascending aorta, including the aortic root, is important but not more frequent than previously suggested.