bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radar Pulse Compression with Optimized Weighting Window for SAR Receivers
Authors: Hussein Khalid F. A. , Helmy Asmaa O. , Mohra Ashraf S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel design of a software-defined matched filter (MF) for digital receivers of synthetic aperture radar (SAR). The block diagram of the proposed receiver is described in detail. The purpose of this filter is to produce a SAR pulse with higher compression ratio (CR) and lower side lobe level (SLL) than that produced by the conventional MF. The proposed design is based on the idea of time windowing of the SAR pulse to construct the transfer function of the receiver filter. The shape of the proposed time-domain window is optimized to achieve the filter design goals including the minimization of the SLL and the realization of the target value of the CR. The transmitted SAR pulse is, first, subjected to linear frequency modulation and then subjected to the optimized window. The width (time duration) of the proposed window is divided into equal time intervals. The proposed time-domain window is constructed as a sequential continuous piecewise linear segments. The instantaneous value of the time-domain window at the start of each time interval is optimized so as to achieve the optimization goals. The width of the time-domain window is shown to be proportional to the width of the compressed pulse after optimization. The number of the time intervals into which the time duration of the window is divided is shown to have a significant effect on the optimization results. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique is then applied to get the window shape that minimizes the SLL for a specific predetermined value of the pulse CR. It is shown that the iterations of the PSO are fastly convergent and that the applied algorithm is computationally efficient. Also, it is shown that the desired value of the pulse CR is achieved with accuracy of 100%. Moreover, the achieved SLLs are about − $$65\,\mathrm{dB}$$

65

dB

, $$- 90\,\mathrm{dB}$$

-
90

dB

, $$- 114\,\mathrm{dB}$$

-
114

dB

, and $$- 133\,\mathrm{dB}$$

-
133

dB

for pulse CR of 5, 3, 2, and 1.5, respectively. Finally, for practical implementation of the introduced SAR pulse processing technique, the proposed optimized window is placed as a building block in a software-defined receiver of the SAR system.
Behandlung von Sehnenrupturen mit Stammzellen: eine aktuelle Übersicht
Authors: Schmitz Christoph , Würfel Tobias , Alt Christopher , Alt Eckhard U. 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungHintergrundOrthobiologika gewinnen sowohl in der Grundlagenforschung als auch der klinischen Forschung zur konservativen Behandlung und zur Verbesserung der Ergebnisse operativer Behandlungen von Erkrankungen und Verletzungen von Schulter und Ellenbogen einen immer größeren Stellenwert.FragestellungDer Stellenwert von Orthobiologika bei der konservativen Behandlung und zur Verbesserung der Ergebnisse operativer Behandlungen von Erkrankungen und Verletzungen von Schulter und Ellenbogen und die abgestufte Differenzierung der verschiedenen Gewebezubereitungen innerhalb der Orthobiologika bei diesen Behandlungen werden dargestellt.Material und MethodeMetaanalysen werden ausgewertet und Grundlagenarbeiten und klinische Studien diskutiert.ErgebnisseOrthobiologika lassen sich funktionell in zwei Gruppen unterteilen: zellfreie Orthobiologika und solche aus allogenen Zellen müssen funktionell zusammen diskutiert werden und deren Wirkmechanismen denen der Orthobiologika auf Basis von autologen Zellen gegenübergestellt werden. Gemäß der aktuellen Literatur scheint nur die letztgenannte Gruppe für die konservative Behandlung und zur Verbesserung der Ergebnisse operativer Behandlungen von Erkrankungen und Verletzungen der Rotatorenmanschette geeignet. Innerhalb dieser Gruppe scheinen die nicht in der Zellkultur selektierten und vervielfältigten, nicht modifizierten und nicht stimulierten „adipose derived regenerative cells“ (autologe ADRCs) allen anderen Gewebezubereitungen in Bezug auf ihre Wirksamkeit überlegen.SchlussfolgerungenAutologe ADRCs stellen eine hochinteressante neue Behandlungsmethode für Erkrankungen und Verletzungen der Rotatorenmanschette (und allgemein des Stütz- und Bewegungsapparats) dar.
Structure inversion asymmetry enhanced electronic structure and electrical transport in 2D A3SnO (A = Ca, Sr, and Ba) anti-perovskite monolayers
Authors: Alay-e-Abbas Syed Muhammad , Abbas Ghulam , Zulfiqar Waqas , Sajjad Muhammad , Singh Nirpendra , Larsson J. Andreas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAnti-perovskites A3SnO (A = Ca, Sr, and Ba) are an important class of materials due to the emergence of Dirac cones and tiny mass gaps in their band structures originating from an intricate interplay of crystal symmetry, spin-orbit coupling, and band overlap. This provides an exciting playground for modulating their electronic properties in the two-dimensional (2D) limit. Herein, we employ first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations by combining dispersion-corrected SCAN + rVV10 and mBJ functionals for a comprehensive side-by-side comparison of the structural, thermodynamic, dynamical, mechanical, electronic, and thermoelectric properties of bulk and monolayer (one unit cell thick) A3SnO anti-perovskites. Our results show that 2D monolayers derived from bulk A3SnO anti-perovskites are structurally and energetically stable. Moreover, Rashba-type splitting in the electronic structure of Ca3SnO and Sr3SnO monolayers is observed owing to strong spin-orbit coupling and inversion asymmetry. On the other hand, monolayer Ba3SnO exhibits Dirac cone at the high-symmetry Γ point due to the domination of band overlap. Based on the predicted electronic transport properties, it is shown that inversion asymmetry plays an essential character such that the monolayers Ca3SnO and Sr3SnO outperform thermoelectric performance of their bulk counterparts.
Hydrothermal Carbonization: A Pilot-Scale Reactor Design for Bio-waste and Sludge Pre-treatment
Authors: Zaccariello L. , Battaglia D. , Morrone B. , Mastellone M. L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe purpose of the paper is to illustrate the basis of the design of a pilot-scale reactor built to convert putrescent and high-water content biowaste into a stabilized product by using the Hydrothermal Carbonization process (HTC). The hydrothermal carbonization of selected biowaste has been previously studied in a bench-scale reactor to optimize the process parameters such as the temperature, reaction time, water-to-dry matter ratio and then scaled up at a scale 30 times larger. The new pilot-scale reactor has a volume of 0.1 m3 and has been designed and certified to be operated at 300 °C and 86 bar, allowing a wide range of operating conditions. The design has been structured in two steps: process design (a) and mechanical design (b). The main results of the process design step have been: the installed heat power, the method to provide and control the heating, the minimum reaction time necessary to reach a given yield. The mechanical design focused on the scalability of the reactor, the extraction of reaction products from the reactor at the end of process and increasing of reliability and safety. The designed reactor has been then built, commissioned, and operated in such a way to validate the design criteria and hypotheses. The comparison between the experimental results and the design input dataset confirmed the correctness of the design data input but highlighted that the thermal efficiency of the pilot scale plant was low so indicating the need to enhance it for the demonstrative plant.
Graphical Abstract
Priority queueing system with many types of requests and restricted processor sharing
Authors: D’Apice Ciro , Dudin Alexander , Dudin Sergey , Manzo Rosanna 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA priority queueing model with many types of requests and restricted processor sharing is considered. A novel discipline of requests admission and service is proposed. This discipline assumes restriction of the bandwidth (capacity) of the server and the number of requests that can receive service in the system at the same time. This discipline is some kind of realistic hybrid of the traditional discipline of service in a multi-server system and the discipline of the limited processor sharing. The requests of the highest priority can push out from the service the low priority requests. Therefore, the important problem is fitting of the number of requests that can receive service at the same time to the bandwidth of the server. This problem is solved via construction and analysis of a multi-dimensional Markov chain describing operation of the system under any fixed set of the system parameters.
Co-expression of High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in the prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Li Lingzhao , Beeraka Narasimha M. , Xie Linsen , Dong Li , Liu Junqi , Wang Lei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEsophageal cancer is a malignant type of cancer with a high mortality rate. The aim of this study is to determine co-expression patterns of High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in ESCC (esophageal squamous cell carcinoma) conditions and their prognostic role in cancer progression. The expression of HMGB1 and RAGE in ESCC tissues has been analyzed using qRT–PCR and Western blotting. Co-localized expression patterns of HMGB1 and RAGE in ESCC tissues were determined using immunohistochemistry and analyzed for clinical-pathological parameters. Overall survival was performed based on co-expression of HMGB1 and RAGE proteins. A higher expression pattern of HMGB1, and RAGE was observed at mRNA and protein level in the ESCC group compared to the adjacent tissue group. Expression of HMGB1 was significantly correlated with lymph node, metastasis, lymphatic invasion, and venous invasion (p < 0.05). RAGE expression exhibited a significant correlation with venous invasion. Overall survival was significantly shorter (P < 0.05) in the patients with co-expression of HMGB1 and RAGE compared to the patients without co-expression. A significant difference in the overall survival was evident between the patients with co-expression of HMGB1 and RAGE and the patients without coexpression. HMGB1 and RAGE expression patterns were associated with aggressive metastatic characteristics of ESCC. The co-expression of HMGB1 and RAGE was correlated with shorter survival times. Results concluded the co-expression patterns of HMGB1 and RAGE exhibited a prognostic relevance in ESCC conditions.
Magnetic supported activated carbon obtained from walnut shells for bisphenol-a uptake from aqueous solution
Authors: Uzosike A. O. , Ofudje E. A. , Akiode O. K. , Ikenna C. V. , Adeogun A. I. , Akinyele J. O. , Idowu M. A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis work investigated the usability of activated carbon walnut shell (ACWS) and magnetic activated carbon walnut shell (MACWS) for Bisphenol-A (BPA) elimination from aqueous solution. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to study the chemistry of the adsorbents. Batch sorption studies at different temperatures, contact time, adsorbent dosage, pH and varied Bisphenol-A concentrations were performed, while pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetics models were deployed to investigate the kinetic data. Equilibrium parameters were computed using the Dubinin–Radushkevich, Freundlich, Temkin and Langmuir isotherms, while Box–Behnken design was used to optimize the adsorption factors. FT-IR report showed the existence of O–H, C=O, C–O and C=C stretches in both adsorbents and Fe–O in MACWS, while XRD revealed an amorphous morphology. BPA removal by ACWS and MACWS with correlation coefficient (R2) > 0.9 showed that the pseudo-first-order kinetic model was the most appropriate for explaining the kinetic data. Judging from the values of the maximum adsorption capacity (115.85 and 166.67 mg/g for ACWS and MACWS, respectively), it can be inferred that the Langmuir isotherm best describes the equilibrium results. Thermodynamic investigation showed the process of Bisphenol-A uptake to be spontaneous and endothermic with entropy change (∆So) values of 0.033 and 0.039 kJ/mol for ACWS and MACWS, respectively. The data obtained from the kinetics, isotherm and equilibrium studies revealed that ACWS and MACWS adsorbents were effective for the treatment of Bisphenol-A.
A highly sensitive wearable pressure sensor capsule based on PVA/Mxene composite gel
Authors: Kallingal Nithusha , Maurya Muni Raj , Sajna M. S. , Yalcin Huseyin Cagatay , Ouakad Hassen M. , Bahadur Issam , Al-Maadeed Somaya , Sadasivuni Kishor Kumar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWearable sensors have drawn considerable interest in the recent research world. However, simultaneously realizing high sensitivity and wide detection limits under changing surrounding environment conditions remains challenging. In the present study, we report a wearable piezoresistive pressure sensor capsule that can detect pulse rate and human motion. The capsule includes a flexible silicon cover and is filled with different PVA/MXene (PVA-Mx) composites by varying the weight percentage of MXene in the polymer matrix. Different characterizations such as XRD, FTIR and TEM results confirm that the PVA-Mx silicon capsule was successfully fabricated. The PVA-Mx gel-based sensor capsule remarkably endows a low detection limit of 2 kPa, exhibited high sensitivity of 0.45 kPa−1 in the ranges of 2–10 kPa, and displayed a response time of ~ 500 ms, as well as good mechanical stability and non-attenuating durability over 500 cycles. The piezoresistive sensor capsule sensor apprehended great stability towards changes in humidity and temperature. These findings substantiate that the PVA/MXene sensor capsule is potentially suitable for wearable electronics and smart clothing.
Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) mediated improved oral bioavailability of thymoquinone: optimization, characterization, pharmacokinetic, and hepatotoxicity studies
Authors: Rathore Charul , Hemrajani Chetna , Sharma Abhishek Kumar , Gupta Piyush Kumar , Jha Niraj Kumar , Aljabali Alaa A. A. , Gupta Gaurav , Singh Sachin Kumar , Yang Jen-Chang , Dwivedi Ram Prakash , Dua Kamal , Chellappan Dinesh Kumar , Negi Poonam , Tambuwala Murtaza M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThymoquinone (TQ) is an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective compound obtained from the black seed oil of Nigella sativa. However, high hydrophobicity, instability at higher pH levels, photosensitivity, and low oral bioavailability hinder its delivery to the target tissues. A self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) was fabricated using the microemulsification technique to address these issues. Its physicochemical properties, thermodynamic stability studies, drug release kinetics, in vivo pharmacokinetics, and hepatoprotective activity were evaluated. The droplet size was in the nano-range (< 90 nm). Zeta potential was measured to be −11.35 mV, signifying the high stability of the oil droplets. In vivo pharmacokinetic evaluation showed a fourfold increase in the bioavailability of TQ-SNEDDS over pure TQ. Furthermore, in a PCM-induced animal model, TQ-SNEDDS demonstrated significant (p < 0.05) hepatoprotective activity compared to pure TQ and silymarin. Reduction in liver biomarker enzymes and histopathological examinations of liver sections further supported the results. In this study, SNEDDS was demonstrated to be an improved oral delivery method for TQ, since it potentiates hepatotoxicity and enhances bioavailability.
Graphical abstract
Mobile primary healthcare for post-COVID patients in rural areas: a proof-of-concept study
Authors: Stallmach Andreas , Katzer Katrin , Besteher Bianca , Finke Kathrin , Giszas Benjamin , Gremme Yvonne , Abou Hamdan Rami , Lehmann-Pohl Katja , Legen Maximilian , Lewejohann Jan Christoph , Machnik Marlene , Moshmosh Alsabbagh Majd , Nardini Luisa , Puta Christian , Stallmach Zoe , Reuken Philipp A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionPost-COVID syndrome is increasingly recognized as a new clinical entity after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients living in rural areas may have to travel long with subjectively great effort to be examined using all necessary interdisciplinary tools. This problem could be addressed with mobile outpatient clinics.MethodsIn this prospective observational study, we investigated physical fitness, fatigue, depression, cognitive dysfunction, and dyspnea in patients with post-COVID syndrome in a mobile interdisciplinary post-COVID outpatient clinic. Upon referral from their primary care physician, patients were offered an appointment at a mobile post-COVID outpatient clinic close to their home.ResultsWe studied 125 patients (female,n = 79; 63.2%) in our mobile unit. All patients reported symptoms lasting for more than 12 weeks after acute infection. 88.3% and 64.1% of patients reported significant impairment in physical and mental quality of life. Patients reported a median of three symptoms. The most frequently reported symptoms were fatigue (86.4%), cognitive dysfunction (85.6%), and dyspnea (37.6%). 56.0% of patients performed at < 2.5th percentile at the 1 min sit-to-stand test compared to age- and sex-matched healthy controls, and 25 patients (20.0%) exhibited a drop in oxygen saturation. A questionnaire given to each patient regarding the mobile unit revealed a very high level of patient satisfaction.ConclusionThere is an increasing need for high-quality and locally available care for patients with post-COVID syndrome. A mobile post-COVID outpatient clinic is a new concept that may be particularly suitable for use in rural regions. Patients’ satisfaction following visits in such units is very high.
Familial Predisposition to Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis
Authors: Hasani Sara , Feller Julian A. , Webster Kate E. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Having a family history of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury has been investigated in the literature but few studies have focused on this factor specifically or reported their outcomes by sex.

Objective
We aimed to systematically review family history as a risk factor for sustaining a primary ACL injury and the impact it has on ACL graft rupture or contralateral ACL injury in male and female individuals.

Methods
A literature search was completed in seven databases from inception until March 2021 to investigate primary and subsequent ACL injuries in those with a family history of ACL injury. Articles were screened by prespecified inclusion criteria, and the methodological quality of each study was determined. Study results were combined using an odds ratio (OR) meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis was also completed by sex for primary ACL injury, as well as by graft rupture and contralateral ACL injury for subsequent ACL injuries.

Results
Twelve studies were acquired for systematic review and meta-analysis. Four studies that investigated primary ACL injury, seven that investigated ACL graft and/or contralateral ACL ruptures and one study that investigated both primary and subsequent ACL injury. Having a family history of ACL injury increased the odds of injury across all outcomes. Those with a family history had a 2.5 times greater odds for sustaining a primary ACL injury (OR 2.53 [95% confidence interval [CI] 1.96–3.28, p < 0.001)]. There was no significant difference of injury odds for primary ACL injury when analysed by sex. Family history of ACL injury was found to increase the odds of subsequent ACL injury by 2.38 (95% CI 1.64–3.46, p < 0.001) and was significant for both graft ruptures (OR 1.80 [95% CI 1.20–2.71, p = 0.005]) and contralateral ACL injuries (OR 2.28 [95% CI 1.28–4.04, p = 0.005]). When compared directly, the odds of sustaining a graft rupture versus a contralateral ACL injury were similar for those with a family history. Outcomes were not frequently reported by sex for subsequent ACL injuries.

Conclusions
Having a family history of ACL injury more than doubles the odds of sustaining a primary or subsequent ACL injury. However, if a family history of ACL injury is present, the sex of the athlete does not increase the risk for primary injury nor is there a difference in the risk for a subsequent graft rupture compared to a contralateral ACL injury.

Clinical Trial Registration
PROSPERO: CRD42020186472.
Non-verbal social communication in individuals with eating disorders: an ethological analysis in experimental setting
Authors: Monteleone Alessio Maria , Cascino Giammarco , Ruzzi Valeria , Marafioti Niccolò , Marone Luigi , Croce Nanni Roberta , Troisi Alfonso 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Evidence that social difficulties promote the development and the maintenance of eating disorders (EDs) derive from self-reported data and only partially from experimental tasks. This study objectively assessed non-verbal behaviors of individuals with EDs in a psycho-social stress scenario.

Methods
Thirty-one women suffering from EDs (13 with anorexia nervosa and 18 with bulimia nervosa) and 15 healthy women underwent the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), the paradigm of psycho-social stress, and were videotaped. Throughout the procedure, anxiety feelings were measured by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory state subscale and saliva samples were collected to evaluate cortisol levels. Non-verbal behaviors were analyzed through the Ethological Coding System for Interviews and were compared between study samples through multivariate analysis of variance. Multivariate regression analyses were performed to assess the association between anxiety, cortisol and behavioral responses to TSST.

Results
Women with EDs showed reduced submissiveness, flight (cutoff from social stimuli) and gesture compared to healthy peers during TSST. Submissiveness and flight behaviors were negatively associated with stress-induced anxiety, while TSST-induced anxiety and cortisol increases were positively associated with looking at the other’s face behavior in participants with EDs. In this population, cortisol reactivity was also positively associated with submissiveness and negatively with gesture.

Conclusion
Women with EDs showed a hostile and freezing response to acute psycho-social stress: reduced submissiveness and flight may represent strategies to manage social anxiety. These findings confirm that the non-verbal behavior assessment provides complementary information to those derived from traditional measurements and suggests research and clinical implications.

Level of evidence I
Evidence obtained from experimental study.