bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glioma-associated mesenchymal stem cells-mediated PD-L1 expression is attenuated by Ad5-Ki67/IL-15 in GBM treatment
Authors: Zhang Qing , Zhang Junwen , Wang Peiwen , Zhu Guidong , Jin Guishan , Liu Fusheng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly immunosuppressive and vascular malignant brain tumor. Current therapeutic strategies targeting tumor cells have limited efficacy because of the immunosuppressive microenvironment and vascularization. Glioma-associated mesenchymal stem cells (GA-MSCs) have been identified as important stromal components of the tumor microenvironment, owing to their contribution to tumor angiogenesis and their potential to drive glioma stem cells. However, there are no reports on the effect of oncolytic Ad5-Ki67/IL-15 on programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and angiogenesis induced by GA-MSCs.

Methods
Flow cytometry was respectively performed to detect the PD-L1 of glioma cells and programmed death protein 1 (PD-1), CD3, CD4 and CD8 in lymphocytes, as well as distribution of the cell cycle. CCK-8 assay investigated the proliferation of glioma cells and GA-MSCs in vitro. Tumor-bearing nude mice were established with U87-Luc cells and treated with the viruses, and further the IVIS spectrum was utilized to obtain luciferase images. Finally, the expression of PD-L1 in tumor tissues was also investigated using western blotting.

Results
We found that GA-MSCs had potential to induce PD-L1 upregulation and involved in vascular mimicry in vitro. Importantly, Ad5-Ki67/IL-15 reduced PD-L1 expression of glioma cells and neovascularization by targeting GA-MSCs. Furthermore, despite the presence of GA-MSCs, the virus has the ability to generate potent antitumor efficacy in vitro and vivo.

Conclusions
These findings suggest the use of oncolytic Ad5-Ki67/IL-15 targeting GA-MSCs to treat GBM, indicating potential clinical applications.
A novel hypoxic lncRNA, HRL-SC, promotes the proliferation and migration of human dental pulp stem cells through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Zeng Junkai , Chen Ming , Yang Yeqing , Wu Buling 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) are critical for pulp generation. hDPSCs proliferate faster under hypoxia, but the mechanism by which long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) regulates this process is not fully understood.

Methods
Novel lncRNAs were obtained by reanalysis of transcriptome datasets from RNA-Seq under hypoxia compared with normoxia, and a differential expression analysis of target genes was performed. Bioinformatics analyses, including gene ontology analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis and gene set enrichment analysis, were used to understand the function of key novel lncRNAs. hDPSCs were isolated from dental pulp tissue. EdU and scratch wound healing assays were used to detect the proliferation and migration of hDPSCs. qRT-PCR was used to detect changes in the RNA expression of selected genes. RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization, small interfering RNA, qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis were used to explore the function of key novel lncRNAs.

Results
We identified 496 novel lncRNAs in hDPSCs under hypoxia, including 45 differentially expressed novel lncRNAs. Of these, we focused on a key novel lncRNA, which we designated HRL-SC (hypoxia-responsive lncRNA in stem cells). Functional annotation revealed that HRL-SC was associated with hypoxic conditions and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. HRL-SC was mainly located in the cytoplasm of hDPSCs and had stable high expression under hypoxia. Knockdown of HRL-SC inhibited the proliferation and migration of hDPSCs and the expression levels of PI3K/AKT-related marker proteins. Furthermore, the AKT activator SC79 partially offset the inhibitory effect caused by the knockdown, indicating that HRL-SC promoted hDPSCs through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Conclusions
Hypoxia-responsive lncRNA HRL-SC promotes the proliferation and migration of hDPSCs through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and this understanding may facilitate the regenerative application of hDPSCs.
The healthcare inequality among middle-aged and older adults in China: a comparative analysis between the full samples and the homogeneous population
Authors: Fu Liping , Fang Ya’nan , Dong Yongqing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
In the Chinese population, the middle-aged and older adults are the two main segments that utilize a large portion of healthcare. With the fast growth of the two segments, the demands of healthcare services increases significantly. The issue related to inequality in utilization of healthcare emerges with the growth and it deserves more attention. Most existing studies discuss overall inequality. Less attention is paid to inequality among subdivisions, that is, relative inequality. This study focuses on the inequality of healthcare utilization among the homogeneous population and the inequality of the full samples in China.

Methods
Data were obtained from four waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS): 2011, 2013, 2015 and 2018. First, the Concentration Index (CI) was used to measure the inequality of outpatient, inpatient and preventive care for the samples, and regression analysis was applied to decompose the contributing factors of inequality. Then SOM is introduced to identify homogeneous population through clustering and measure the inequality in three types of healthcare utilization among homogeneous population. Based on this, the difference between absolute inequalities and relative inequalities was discussed.

Results
The preventive care is shown to have the highest degree of inequality inclined to the rich and has the largest increase (CI: 0.048 in 2011 ~ 0.086 in 2018); The inequality degree in outpatient care appears to be the smallest (CI: -0.028 in 2011 ~ 0.014 in 2018). The decomposition results show that age, education, income, chronic disease and self-reported health issues help explain a large portion of inequality in outpatient and inpatient care. And the contribution of socioeconomic factors and education to the inequality of preventive care is the largest. In regards to three types of healthcare among the homogeneous population, the degree of inequality seems to be higher among group with high socioeconomic status than those with lower socioeconomic status. In particular, for the people who are in the high socioeconomic group, the degree of inequality in preventive care is consistently higher than in outpatient and inpatient care. The inequality degree of preventive care in the low socioeconomic status group varies significantly with the flexibility of their response to policies.

Conclusions
Key policy recommendations include establishing a health examination card and continuously improving the fit of free preventive care with the needs of the middle-aged and older adults; developing CCB activities to avoid people’s excessive utilization in the high socioeconomic status group or insufficient utilization in the low socioeconomic status group; reasonable control of reimbursement and out-of-pocket payments.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Physicochemical characteristics of jagung bose, an ethnic staple food from East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Hamaisa Atika , Estiasih Teti , Putri Widya Dwi Rukmi , Fibrianto Kiki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractJagung bose is a typical corn-based staple meal from East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia, which requires a considerable boiling period due to its hardness. After storage for almost one year, this staple food is prepared from the pena' muti' fatu white corn variety. This study aimed to compare the physicochemical properties of jagung bose to whole corn of the pena' muti' fatu variety. Physicochemical properties analysis consisted of amino acids, functional groups, dietary fiber, proximate, crystallinity, starch granule shape, and pasting properties. In this study, the samples of jagung bose and corn of pena' muti fatu were obtained from the natives in East Nusa Tenggara. Jagung bose was prepared by pounding the kernel to remove the pericarp. The samples were ground and analyzed for physicochemical characteristics, and the data were analyzed by t test. The results showed that whole corn and jagung bose had high amylose and crystallinity and revealed an A-type starch crystal structure. The whole corn had more protein, fat, amylopectin, fiber, and ash but lower starch and amylose content than jagung bose. Starch granules of whole corn and jagung bose were polygonal shape with a smooth surface. The pericarp removal and pounding by adding some water resulted in different pasting properties. The peak, final, and breakdown viscosity and pasting and gelatinization temperatures of whole corn were higher than those of jagung bose. The setback viscosity of jagung bose was lower than that of whole corn, which meant the viscosity was maintained high during cooling. The high gelatinization temperature and crystallinity of jagung bose required a long cooking time.
The pseudobranch of jawed vertebrates is a mandibular arch-derived gill
Authors: Hirschberger Christine , Gillis J. Andrew 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTThe pseudobranch is a gill-like epithelial elaboration that sits behind the jaw of most fishes. This structure was classically regarded as a vestige of the ancestral gill arch-like condition of the gnathostome jaw. However, more recently, hypotheses of jaw evolution by transformation of a gill arch have been challenged, and the pseudobranch has alternatively been considered a specialised derivative of the second (hyoid) pharyngeal arch. Here, we demonstrate in the skate (Leucoraja erinacea) that the pseudobranch does, in fact, derive from the mandibular arch, and that it shares gene expression features and cell types with gills. We also show that the skate mandibular arch pseudobranch is supported by a spiracular cartilage that is patterned by a shh-expressing epithelial signalling centre. This closely parallels the condition seen in the gill arches, where cartilaginous appendages called branchial rays, which support the respiratory lamellae of the gills, are patterned by a shh-expressing gill arch epithelial ridge. Together with similar discoveries in zebrafish, our findings support serial homology of the pseudobranch and gills, and an ancestral origin of gill arch-like anatomical features from the gnathostome mandibular arch.
Syntaxin 7 contributes to breast cancer cell invasion by promoting invadopodia formation
Authors: Parveen Sameena , Khamari Amrita , Raju Jyothikamala , Coppolino Marc G. , Datta Sunando 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Invasion in various cancer cells requires coordinated delivery of signaling proteins, adhesion proteins, actin-remodeling proteins and proteases to matrix-degrading structures called invadopodia. Vesicular trafficking involving SNAREs plays a crucial role in the delivery of cargo to the target membrane. Screening of 13 SNAREs from the endocytic and recycling route using a gene silencing approach coupled with functional assays identified syntaxin 7 (STX7) as an important player in MDA-MB-231 cell invasion. Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRF-M) studies revealed that STX7 resides near invadopodia and co-traffics with MT1-MMP (also known as MMP14), indicating a possible role for this SNARE in protease trafficking. STX7 depletion reduced the number of invadopodia and their associated degradative activity. Immunoprecipitation studies revealed that STX7 forms distinct SNARE complexes with VAMP2, VAMP3, VAMP7, STX4 and SNAP23. Depletion of VAMP2, VAMP3 or STX4 abrogated invadopodia formation, phenocopying what was seen upon lack of STX7. Whereas depletion of STX4 reduced MT1-MMP level at the cell surfaces, STX7 silencing significantly reduced the invadopodia-associated MT1-MMP pool and increased the non-invadosomal pool. This study highlights STX7 as a major contributor towards the invadopodia formation during cancer cell invasion.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
How does mitochondrial function relate to thermogenic capacity and basal metabolic rate in small birds?
Authors: Milbergue Myriam S. , Vézina François , Desrosiers Véronique , Blier Pierre U. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
We investigated the role of mitochondrial function in the avian thermoregulatory response to a cold environment. Using black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) acclimated to cold (−10°C) and thermoneutral (27°C) temperatures, we expected to observe an upregulation of pectoralis muscle and liver respiratory capacity that would be visible in mitochondrial adjustments in cold-acclimated birds. We also predicted that these adjustments would correlate with thermogenic capacity (Msum) and basal metabolic rate (BMR). Using tissue high-resolution respirometry, mitochondrial performance was measured as respiration rate triggered by proton leak and the activity of complex I (OXPHOSCI) and complex I+II (OXPHOSCI+CII) in the liver and pectoralis muscle. The activity of citrate synthase (CS) and cytochrome c oxidase (CCO) was also used as a marker of mitochondrial density. We found 20% higher total CS activity in the whole pectoralis muscle and 39% higher total CCO activity in the whole liver of cold-acclimated chickadees relative to that of birds kept at thermoneutrality. This indicates that cold acclimation increased overall aerobic capacity of these tissues. Msum correlated positively with mitochondrial proton leak in the muscle of cold-acclimated birds while BMR correlated with OXPHOSCI in the liver with a pattern that differed between treatments. Consequently, this study revealed a divergence in mitochondrial metabolism between thermal acclimation states in birds. Some functions of the mitochondria covary with thermogenic capacity and basal maintenance costs in patterns that are dependent on temperature and body mass.
Ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation for uterine fibroids: mid-term local treatment efficiency and associated influencing factors
Authors: Li Qiu-Yan , Li Xiao-Long , Deng Er-Ya , Yu Song-Yuan , Sun Li-Ping , Zhang Hui-Li , Zhu Jing-E , Li Jia-Xin , Xu Hui-Xiong 
Published: June 2022

Objective: To investigate the mid-term local treatment efficiency of ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) for uterine fibroids (UFs) and the associated influencing factors. Methods: From July 2020 to October 2021, a total of 28 patients with 52 UFs who had undergone ultrasound-guided MWA were retrospectively included in this study. Pre-treatment clinical characteristics, conventional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) features were analyzed to explore their correlation with volume reduction ratios (VRRs) of sufficient ablation (i.e. a VRR of at least 50% at the 3 month follow-up). The patients were assessed at 1-, 3-, 6 month follow-up after MWA treatment and the assessment included VRR, adverse events, uterine fibroid symptom (UFS) and quality of life (QoL) scores, and clinical symptoms. Results: The procedures of percutaneous MWA for UFs were tolerated well and no major complications occurred in all patients. At the 1-, 3-, 6 month follow-up, the median VRRs of UFs were 30.1%, 46.9%, and 65.8%, respectively. At the 3 month follow-up, 44.4% of fibroids obtained sufficient ablation while the remaining 55.6% obtained partial ablation (i.e. a VRR of <50%). Non-enhancing area during the early phase (i.e. within 30 s after injecting contrast agent) on pre-treatment CEUS was present in 22.2% UFs, which was associated with sufficient ablation at the 3 month follow-up (p < 0.05). In addition, the relevant clinical symptoms of all patients were alleviated or removed. The UFS and QoL score after MWA decreased significantly in comparison with those after MWA (p = 0.04 and p = 0.057, respectively), indicating a remarkable improvement of clinical symptom and QoL. Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided MWA is an effective and safe method to treat patients with UFs. Non-enhancing area during the early phase on pretreatment CEUS is associated with mid-term local treatment efficiency, which might be used to predict treatment outcome. Advances in knowledge: Non-enhancing area during the early phase on pretreatment CEUS is an important factor associated with mid-term local treatment efficiency. This is the first study finding that CEUS feature can be used as a marker for the prediction of mid-term local treatment response.
Radiological findings of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with COVID-19
Authors: Kalın Sevinç , Sözeri Betül 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
To retrospectively evaluate the imaging and clinical findings of patients diagnosed with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19.

Methods:
The clinical, laboratory and radiological data of 110 patients (74 male and 36 female) diagnosed with COVID-19-related MIS-C between June 2020 and November 2021 were evaluated retrospectively. Cases with a diagnosis of MIS-C based on a positive real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test or serology results according to the WHO criteria were included in the study. All the radiological data were evaluated by a pediatric radiologist with 14 years of radiology experience.

Results:
Peribronchial thickening and hyperinflation were the most common findings on chest X-ray, while atelectasis and pleural effusion were often present in thoracic CT. Cardiac involvement was detected in 30% of the patients, mainly with valve insufficiency and systolic dysfunction, and 7.2% of these patients had sequalae findings. The most common abdominal findings were hepatosplenomegaly, mesenteric inflammation, lymphadenomegaly, thickening of the intestinal walls and free fluid. 23 of the patients had comorbidities. Neurological radiological findings observed in a total of six patients were reversible splenial lesion syndrome, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, meningitis, and cerebral edema. 37 patients were followed up in the intensive care unit and 2 of them died.

Conclusion:
Radiological findings seen in MIS-C vary according to the affected system. There is no specific radiologic finding for this disease, but radiological findings can assist in the evaluation of affected systems and guide treatment.

Advances in knowledge:
Since there are few studies with a limited number of patients in the literature, data on this subject are limited. We aimed to contribute to the literature with our large patient data.
‘Sunshine’, ‘angels’ and ‘rainbows’: language developed by mothers bereaved by perinatal loss
Authors: Wheeler Lucie , Fragkiadaki Eva , Clarke Victoria , DiCaccavo Antonietta 
Published: June 2022

Background A perinatal loss is a life-changing event that can have psychological consequences for a mother both after the loss and in a subsequent pregnancy. Aims This qualitative study aimed to examine mothers' lived experiences of the holistic journey of perinatal loss and subsequent pregnancy. Methods Qualitative data were collected via online surveys (n=40) and face-to-face semi-structured interviews (n=5), then analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results Under the overarching theme ‘finding the words: language, labels and legitimate distress', three themes were developed that captured the ways in which participants used language to challenge societal silence and legitimise the personhood of their loss, while creating a community of support. Conclusions Midwives play a key role in women's experiences during the perinatal journey after a loss. The language used can either validate or be dismissive of distress. The researchers recommend midwives adopt labels developed by rather than for bereaved parents in order to provide empathic care.
Understanding early complementary food practice in rural Indonesia: a qualitative study
Authors: Anggraeni Mekar Dwi , Setiyani Rahmi , Kartikasari Aprilia , Rahmawati Eni , Fatoni Amin 
Published: June 2022

Background Almost all cases of stunting occur in developing countries and could be prevented through exclusive breastfeeding. However, as a result of cultural beliefs, early complementary food practices are widely practiced in Indonesia. This study explored cultural beliefs related to early complementary food practices in rural areas of Indonesia. Methods This ethnographic study involved 16 key and six general participants. Data were collected via focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, observations, and field notes, and then thematically analysed. Results Four themes emerged: reasons for early complementary feeding, the idea of ‘the sooner the better’, types of complementary food and influencing people. Conclusions Using policymakers to provide culturally sensitive and evidence-based health information involving grandmothers and traditional birth attendants may help prevent early complementary feeding and improve exclusive breastfeeding rates.
Receipt of a combined economic and peer support intervention and clinical outcomes among HIV-positive youth in rural Rwanda: A retrospective cohort
Authors: Barnhart Dale A. , Uwamariya Josée , Nshimyumuremyi Jean Népomuscène , Mukesharurema Gerardine , Anderson Todd , Ndahimana Jean d’Amour , Cubaka Vincent K. , Hedt-Gauthier Bethany 
Published: June 2022

Introduction
To combat poor clinical outcomes among HIV-positive youth, Partners In Health/Inshuti Mu Buzima (PIH/IMB) implemented Adolescent Support Groups (ASGs), which combined peer support and group-based economic incentives to promote treatment adherence, economic empowerment, and viral suppression. This study assesses the association between ASG membership and clinical outcomes among HIV-positive youth living in rural Rwanda.

Methods
We constructed a retrospective cohort using PIH/IMB’s electronic medical record (EMR) system. ASG members were matched to control youth within strata defined by health facility, year of birth, and whether the patient had enrolled in HIV services as a pediatric patient, as a PMTCT mother, or through another route. Our 12-month outcomes of interest were a) death-free retention in care, b) death-free retention with active follow-up, c) ≥80% adherence to appointment keeping, and d) viral load suppression (<20 copies/ml). We used generalized linear mixed models to estimate odds ratios for the association between ASG participation and each outcome. To mitigate possible unmeasured confounding, we additionally included participant data from the previous year and conducted a difference-in-difference analysis for each outcome to assess whether ASG members experienced greater changes compared to control youth over a similar period.

Results
Two-hundred sixty ASG members were identified in the EMR and matched to 209 control youth for analysis. After 12 months of follow-up, ASG members had similar outcomes to the control youth in terms of death-free retention (93% vs. 94%), death-free retention with active follow-up (79% vs. 78%), ≥80% adherence to appointment keeping (42% vs. 43%), and viral suppression (48% vs. 51%). We did not observe any significant associations between ASG participation and clinical outcomes in crude or adjusted models, nor did ASG members experience greater improvements than control youth in our difference-in-difference analysis.

Conclusions
The ASG program did not improve retention, appointment adherence, or viral suppression among HIV positive youth in rural Rwanda. Challenges implementing the intervention as designed underscore the importance of incorporating implementation strategies and youth perspectives in program design. This population remains vulnerable to poor clinical outcomes, and additional research is needed to better serve youth living with HIV.