bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
225 Male Hypogonadism Significantly Increases the Risk of Perinatal Birth Complications: Retrospective Analysis of US Claims Data
Authors: Hernandez-Vegas E , Hotaling J , Horns J , Paudel N , Crump J , Gross K , Pastuszak A , Patel D 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Hypogonadism is common in men with male factor infertility and hormone therapies may improve semen parameters and pregnancy rates in affected men. However, compared to paternal factors such as advanced age, male infertility or obesity, it is uncertain whether hypogonadism itself impacts perinatal birth outcomes and complications.

Objective
This study evaluates the association between male hypogonadism and perinatal birth complications in the United States.

Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of the IBM MarketScan™ Commercial Claims and Encounters database between 2011-2017. We identified birth records using birth or pregnancy-related major diagnostic categories associated with persons age 0. Fathers were considered to be adult (&gt; 18) male individuals with the same family identifier as the neonates listed as either the primary insurance beneficiary or spouse. Birth records were excluded if there was no family identifier or the father was unable to be linked. For each birth, we recorded whether they were preterm, diagnosed as low birth weight, or diagnosed with birth defects. For the fathers linked with each birth record, we determined paternal age, hypogonadism status, geographic region, and other associated comorbidities. Births were stratified based on whether the father had hypogonadism or not and we performed univariate tests for variation. Additionally, we conducted a multivariate logistic model of birth complication (preterm, low weight, or growth defect) against father's age, hypogonadism status, and paternal comorbidities.

Results
Between 2011 and 2017, paternal hypogonadism was found in 3.97% of fathers among 468,546 birth records. In contrast, no paternal hypogonadism was found in 96.03% of fathers among 468,546 birth records. Overall, our study reveals that paternal hypogonadism is positively associated with perinatal birth complications (odds ratio (OR) 1.10; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.13). Additionally, low birth weight was found in 46, 96% of birth among 196,607 birth records with paternal hypogonadism, follow by preterm birth with 7.64% of birth among 26,886 birth records with paternal hypogonadism.

Conclusions
Male hypogonadism was associated with a statistically significant increase in perinatal birth complications. However, these results should be interpreted with caution because patients with male hypogonadism are also likely to have male infertility. For hypogonadism to be considered as a separate risk factor for perinatal birth complications further investigation will be needed.

Disclosure
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241 Salvage of Infected Penile Prosthesis using Novel High-Pressure Pulse Irrigation System Adapted to Urological Use in Conjunction with a new Antimicrobial Solution
Authors: Shteynshlyuger A , Rabinowitz D 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Infection of a penile implant is a catastrophic event necessitating removal of the infected device. Removal of an infected implant is associated with significant morbidity, including penile fibrosis with associated shortening. Delayed reimplantation is associated with difficulty or maybe technically impossible. Mulcahy salvage protocol with modifications is the preferred approach when possible. Adequate irrigation is a challenge given the ‘deep-in-a-hole’ surgical anatomy where the implants are placed. In addition, there is no agreed-upon irrigant that is ideal for irrigation infected wounds.

Objective
We describe adaptation and modification of orthopedic high-pressure irrigation system for use in the salvage of penile prosthesis. In addition, we describe novel use in urology of a hypochlorous washing solution capable of removing microorganisms, disrupting biofilm, while being non-cytotoxic and skin-neutral.

Methods
Stryker Interpulse Pulsed Lavage System generating 15 pounds per square inch (PSI) of pressure was adapted for urological use in deep cavities using 16F red rubber Bard urethral catheter. Infected implant in a high-risk multiple comorbidities vasculopath was successfully salvaged without complications.

Results
Successful salvage of an infected penile prosthesis with a novel adaptation of existing high-pressure irrigation system. Demonstrated safely of use of antibiotic solution for penile irrigation.

Conclusions
In-vivo studies show significantly greater effectiveness of high-pressure pulsed salvage irrigation compared to bulb syringe irrigation. We present a practical, accessible, and effective modification of an existing high-pressure irrigation syringe for use in deep cavities, proximal and distal penile shaft. In addition, we report safe use of a new antimicrobial irrigant, hypochloric acid, for salvage of infected penile prosthesis.

Disclosure
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121 Factors Associated With Inflatable Penile Prosthesis Underutilization After Prostate Cancer Treatment
Authors: Abdelmalek G , Warren C , Shen C , Shah T , Lulla T , Schaefer E , Zhou S , Fried D , Helemer D , Sadeghi-Nejad H 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Penile Prosthesis (IPP) is an effective treatment for men with ED that significantly improves quality of life but is likely being underutilized in men who were treated for prostate cancer (Pca).

Objective
To better characterize the utilization of IPP treatment after Pca therapy, we explored the relationship between timing of ED diagnosis (before vs after treatment), treatment modality (radiation vs. prostatectomy), and various sociodemographic factors in a national cohort.

Methods
We performed a retrospective review of SEER-Medicare patients who were diagnosed with local/regional Pca between 2006 and 2011.Using ICD9/CPT/HCPCS codes, we created a subset of patients who were diagnosed with ED 12 months prior to their Pca treatment, until 5 years after. Chi-square/Wilcoxon tests were used to detect significant differences between the use of IPP among those with ED prior to Pca treatment compared to after. In addition, various sociodemographic factors were examined.

Results
Of the 31,854 patients in our cohort, 14,482 (45.5%) were diagnosed with ED within 12 months prior to Pca diagnosis or 5 years after diagnosis. Among those diagnosed with ED prior to treatment (4366, 30.1%), 119 (2.7%) received IPP while among the 10,116 patients (69.9%) with ED diagnosis after treatment, 232 (2.3%) received IPP. Among patients with ED, factors decreasing the likelihood of receiving an IPP were diagnosis of ED prior to Pca treatment (OR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.06-1.66), relationship status of single (OR=1.88, 95% CI: 1.28-2.77) or divorced/separated (OR=2.13, 95% CI: 1.46-3.10), and identifying as Non-Hispanic Black (OR=1.72, 95% CI:1.24-2.37) or Hispanic (OR=1.81, 95% CI: 1.22-2.67) as compared to Non-Hispanic White men. Factors decreasing the likelihood of receiving an IPP were being treated with radiation therapy as opposed to prostatectomy (OR=0.38, 95% CI: 0.29-0.49), and increased age (OR=0.75 95% CI: 0.63-0.88).

Conclusions
Although more men have their ED treated with an IPP if they received their diagnosis prior to Pca treatment (2.7% vs. 2.3%), IPPs appear to be underutilized in all patients with ED after Pca therapy. This data suggests that factors (i.e. prior ED diagnosis, being single, Black or Hispanic) outside of the typically accepted medical indications may influence IPP selection as a treatment option for ED. Conversely, counseling pertaining to IPP surgery after Pca treatment may be lacking in men with newly diagnosed ED, married men, white men, older men, and men who received radiation therapy. More thorough evaluation of these demographic factors is warranted.

Disclosure
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125 Extrinsic Compression of Inflatable Penile Prosthesis Secondary to Prone Positioning for COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Case Series of Two Patients
Authors: Roadman D , Anderson L , Tsambarlis P 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Complications of extrinsic compression on an inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) due to prone positioning for COVID-19 pneumonia have not been described. Patients with an IPP present a unique challenge for managing compression injuries secondary to proning due to the dependent position of the penis and ability of the device to restrict blood flow to the distal penis when externally compressed for long periods of time. We present two patients with previous IPP placement who experienced glans and penile ischemia secondary to extrinsic compression of the penis from proning, who were monitored conservatively and avoided urgent explantation.

Objective
To describe two patients with IPPs who were intubated and proned for COVID-19 pneumonia who experienced IPP-related complications due to pressure injury, one of whom survived for follow-up.

Methods
Two male patients, ages 68 and 74 years, who developed penile injury following proning for COVID-19 pneumonia. The first patient presented with skin breakdown of the ventral aspect of the penis and scrotum without exposed implant. The second patient presented with a pale and dusky glans.

Results
The first patient was managed by scrotal elevation with bacitracin application to the wound twice daily. There was no surgical intervention or debridement of the penile and scrotal wounds. The patient was then followed on an outpatient basis without need for explantation at 4-months from initial consultation (Figure 1). He underwent a CT of the abdomen and pelvis as well as a CT Urogram as an outpatient that confirmed appropriate positioning of all components of the device without evidence of underlying infection. On exam, the penile prosthesis was well-positioned and cycled normally, with a freely mobile pump within the scrotum. The second patient expired during hospitalization from COVID-19 respiratory failure, but was monitored for six days without glans necrosis (Figure 2) once external pressure was removed.

Conclusions
Patients with IPPs who require prone positioning are a unique population that are at risk for extrinsic compression injury of the penis. In contrast to ischemia related to instrinsic compression, such as with the sliding technique, which results in glans necrosis and necessitates urgent explantation, conservative treatment and serial examination in the setting of external compression from prone intubation was a viable and safe option to immediate explantation in these patients. Prevention, in the form of proper padding and minimization of external compression, remains paramount as we obtain more long term data from this unique patient population.

Disclosure
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135 Impedance Rates for Novel Bipolar Radiofrequency Sealing Tool for Transdermal Vasectomy: A Rabbit Model
Authors: Hakky TS , Labrecque M , Marmar J , Henry GD 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Radiofrequency ablation functions by delivering thermal energy within a tissue resulting in coagulative necrosis and seals vessels. This tool has been successfully applied to other areas of the body.

Objective
We evaluate the safety and efficacy of radiofrequency ablation in transdermal vasectomy in rabbits. This was done by examining impedance rates through the tissue and its effect on wound healing.

Methods
Two groups of 5 male New Zealand white rabbits were given IV sedation and local anesthetic and subsequent transdermal bilateral partial vasectomy using a high lateral scrotal approach. We isolated the vas with a novel insulated clamp fitting the U-shape electrode of the sealing tool (Figure 1). All tissue layers were removed enbloc. In Group 1 (n=5), the device was set at 60 watts for 20 seconds. In the second group (n=5), the size of the U-shape electrode was reduced and the device was set at 40 and 60 watts using thermal sensors with impedance alarms to shut off if there was excessive energy. All 10 rabbits underwent a semen analysis, wound evaluation, post-mortem biopsies and histology was performed.

Results
We sacrificed 4 of the 5 (80%) of Group 1 rabbits due to poor wound healing due to excessive tissue damage, and all of Group 2 healed and survived. All rabbits had a negative semen analysis and on histology had occluded vas deferens. Impedance energy levels were variable and stopped at a predetermined level. We found that a 5 second interval is optimal for vas ligation. (Figure 1)

Conclusions
The novel transdermal bipolar radiofrequency ablation tool successfully occludes the vas deferens in the rabbit model. Impedance alarms with a predetermined Ohms level was reached at 5 seconds. This energy transfer rate and duration is paramount for wound healing. Future studies are needed before its application in humans.

Disclosure
Yes, this is sponsored by industry/sponsor: Signati
Clarification: Industry initiated, executed and funded study
Any of the authors act as a consultant, employee or shareholder of an industry for: Signati
Effects of Stigma on the Relationship Between Perceived Social Support and Sexual Satisfaction Among Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Zhang Yuxin , Zhao Jie , Jiang Nan , Wang Ting , Cao He , Wang Quqing , Wei Xiaomin , Wang Jiwei , Yu Jinming 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundSexual satisfaction is one of the issues faced by breast cancer survivors (BCSs).AimThis study aims to explore the mediation of stigma in the relationship between perceived social support (PSS) and sexual satisfaction among breast cancer survivors.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 918 BCSs in Shanghai Cancer Rehabilitation Club. Data were collected using an online questionnaire including questions on sociodemographic characteristics, health status, PSS, stigma and sexual satisfaction of participants. The bootstrap method was used to test the significance of the simple mediation model.OutcomesThe simple mediation of stigma was found significant in the relationship between PSS and sexual satisfaction.ResultsStigma plays an intermediary role in the relationship between 2 dimensions of PSS (family and friends) and sexual satisfaction, but not in the relationship between the dimension of other significant people of PSS and sexual satisfaction.Clinical TranslationIt is important to reduce stigma when improving the sexual satisfaction of BCSs from the perspective of PSS.Strengths & LimitationsThe mediating role of stigma in the relationship between PSS and sexual satisfaction among BCSs has been shown for the first time. Study limitations include limitations in the representativeness of population by the study sample and the cross-sectional study design.ConclusionsStigma mediates the relationship between PSS and sexual satisfaction, which needs to be eliminated in intervention practice.
A Dilemma for Higher-Level Suspension
Authors: TAL EYAL 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIs it ever rational to suspend judgment about whether a particular doxastic attitude of ours is rational? An agent who suspends about whether her attitude is rational has serious doubts that it is. These doubts place a special burden on the agent, namely, to justify maintaining her chosen attitude over others. A dilemma arises. Providing justification for maintaining the chosen attitude would commit the agent to considering the attitude rational—contrary to her suspension on the matter. Alternatively, in the absence of such justification, the attitude would be arbitrary by the agent's own lights, and therefore irrational from the agent's own perspective. So, suspending about whether an attitude of ours is rational does not cohere with considering it rationally preferable to other attitudes, and leads to a more familiar form of epistemic akrasia otherwise.
Post-Acute Level Of Consciousness scale revised (PALOC-sr): adaptation of a scale for classifying the level of consciousness in patients with a prolonged disorder of consciousness
Authors: Eilander Henk J. , van Erp Willemijn S. , Driessen Daniëlle M F. , Overbeek Berno U H. , Lavrijsen Jan C M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjective:To present an updated version of the ‘Post-acute Level Of Consciousness scale’ (PALOC-s), in accordance with the latest scientific insights.Methods:Within the context of a research project, 20 years ago, the PALOC-s was developed for the purpose of following the development of the level of consciousness of young unconscious patients participating in a rehabilitation program. Meanwhile, the understanding of the behavior related to different levels of consciousness has developed and terminology has changed, resulting in the need to revise the PALOC-s. With the preservation of the original description of the eight hierarchical levels of PALOC-s, adaptations are made in the terminology and grouping of these levels.Results and conclusion:This manuscript presents the revised version of PALOC-sr, which is suitable for use in clinical practice. The validation of this scale is recommended for its optimal use in future (international) research projects.
Computing quantities of interest and their uncertainty using Bayesian simulation
Authors: Murr Andreas , Traunmüller Richard , Gill Jeff 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWhen analyzing data, researchers are often less interested in the parameters of statistical models than in functions of these parameters such as predicted values. Here we show that Bayesian simulation with Markov-Chain Monte Carlo tools makes it easy to compute these quantities of interest with their uncertainty. We illustrate how to produce customary and relatively new quantities of interest such as variable importance ranking, posterior predictive data, difficult marginal effects, and model comparison statistics to allow researchers to report more informative results.
Interactive effects between input and output technical inefficiencies
Authors: Esheba Muna , Serletis Apostolos 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper derives a new set of results that provide corrective measures of overall technical inefficiency that either have been ignored or wrongly assumed in the literature. Using directional distance functions, we argue that overall technical inefficiency is not only a function of input and output technical inefficiencies as previous studies claim but also of the interaction between them. The derivation of the interactive effects between input and output technical inefficiencies (IEIOs) solves the arbitrary decomposition of overall technical inefficiency into input and output components. We also show that the IEIO depends on the choice of the directional vector and whether quantities and prices are taken into consideration. Using exogenous and endogenous directional vectors, we prove these results theoretically and empirically using the US commercial banking data set. Using Bayesian estimation with the monotonicity conditions imposed at each observation, we estimate input and output technical inefficiencies separately using directional input and output distance functions with the three commonly used directional vectors; the unit value, the observed input−output, and the optimal directional vectors. The overall technical inefficiency is estimated using systems of equations to incorporate the interactive effect equation and to address the endogeneity of inputs and outputs. Consistent with the theoretical results, we find significant evidence of the IEIO which has a negative effect on the overall technical inefficiency. This result is robust to alternative directional vectors and model specifications, suggesting that the adjustability of both inputs and outputs is required for the improvement of the efficiency of the US commercial banks.
Nutrition programmes for individuals living with disadvantage in supported residential settings: a scoping review
Authors: Vaiciurgis Verena T , Charlton Karen E , Clancy Annabel K , Beck Eleanor J 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjective:Health inequities such as chronic disease are significantly higher among individuals living with disadvantage compared with the general population and many are reported to be attributable to preventable dietary risk factors. This study provides an overview of the current nutrition interventions for individuals living with extreme disadvantage, in supported residential settings, to develop insights into the development and implementation of policies and practices to promote long-term nutritional health and well-being.Design:A scoping review searched Scopus, ProQuest, CINAHL Plus, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases using the terms ‘resident’, ‘nutrition’, ‘disadvantage’, ‘intervention’ and their synonyms, with particular emphasis on interventions in residential settings.Setting:Residential services providing nutrition provision and support.Participants:People experiencing extreme disadvantage.Results:From 5262 articles, seven were included in final synthesis. Most interventions focused on building food literacy knowledge and skills. Study designs and outcome measures varied; however, all reported descriptive improvements in behaviour and motivation. In addition to food literacy, it was suggested that interventions need to address behaviour and motivations, programme sustainability, long-term social, physical and economic barriers and provide support for participants during transition into independent living. Socio-economic issues remain key barriers to long-term health and well-being.Conclusions:In addition to food literacy education, future research and interventions should consider utilising an academic-community partnership, addressing nutrition-related mental health challenges, motivation and behaviour change and a phased approach to improve support for individuals transitioning into independent living.
Past the Precipice? Projected Coral Habitability Under Global Heating
Authors: Kalmus P. , Ekanayaka A. , Kang E. , Baird M. , Gierach M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCoral reefs are rapidly declining due to local environmental degradation and global climate change. In particular, corals are vulnerable to ocean heating. Anomalously hot sea surface temperatures (SSTs) create conditions for severe bleaching or direct thermal death. We use SST observations and CMIP6 model SST to project thermal conditions at reef locations at a resolution of 1 km, a 16‐fold improvement over prior studies, under four climate emissions scenarios. We use a novel statistical downscaling method which is significantly more skillful than the standard method, especially at near‐coastal pixels where many reefs are found. For each location we present projections of thermal departure (TD, the date after which a location with steadily increasing heat exceeds a given thermal metric) for severe bleaching recurs every 5 years (TD5Y) and every 10 years (TD10Y), accounting for a range of post‐bleaching reef recovery/degradation. As of 2021, we find that over 91% and 79% of 1 km2reefs have exceeded TD10Y and TD5Y, respectively, suggesting that widespread long‐term coral degradation is no longer avoidable. We project 99% of 1 km2reefs to exceed TD5Y by 2034, 2036, and 2040 under SSP5‐8.5, SSP3‐7.0, and SSP2‐4.5 respectively. We project that 2%–5% of reef locations remain below TD5Y at 1.5°C of mean global heating, but 0% remain at 2.0°C. These results demonstrate the importance of further improving ecological projection capacity for climate‐vulnerable marine and terrestrial species and ecosystems, including identifying refugia and guiding conservation efforts. Ultimately, saving coral reefs will require rapidly reducing and eliminating greenhouse gas emissions.