bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What are the common areas of risk and their characteristics found in intermediate care from an occupational therapy perspective? A scoping review
Authors: Newman Craig , Whitehead Phillip , Thomson Mary 
Published: April 2022

Introduction Engaging with risk is a certain and unavoidable part of occupational therapy. Intermediate care services are mostly accessed by older people with complex needs, yet little is known in the literature about the extent, type and nature of risk involved in these services. Method A scoping review was systematically conducted to map the common areas of risk (risk domains) from an occupational therapy perspective. Thematic analysis was conducted in order to identify the risk characteristics related to the literature reviewed. Results 25 journal articles were identified and arranged into 10 risk domains: Falls, discharge, practice errors, activities of daily living, pressure care, frailty management, patient handling, loneliness, nutritional care and language barriers. Three risk characteristics were identified: (1) Risk awareness and identifying risk, (2) decision-making under risk and (3) improving safety. Conclusion Occupational therapists play a diverse role in migrating risk for older people which is not fully explored beyond addressing deficits in functional ability and hazardous environments. The process of how risk is controlled and reconciled with occupation and how positive risk-taking is facilitated are implicit and not directly addressed within the literature reviewed. The findings reveal gaps in knowledge and provide a foundation for further research.
Prognostic value of high FOXO3a expression in patients with solid tumors: A meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Wang Chao , Tu Xiaohong , Jiang Yufen , Jiao Panpan , Deng Xiaohong , Xie Yuancai , Zhang Long 
Published: April 2022

Background FOXO3a (previously termed FKHRL1), plays an evolutionarily conserved role in the control of biological process, including DNA damage, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation. However, the role of FOXO3a in tumors remains controversial. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the prognostic value of FOXO3a expression in patients with solid tumors. Methods A systematic literature search of the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases was performed. Eligible publications on FOXO3a and cancer prognosis were collected and screened according to the eligibility criteria. The combined odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the prognostic value of FOXO3a. Stata 12.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 4058 patients from 21 articles on a variety of solid tumors were included. Meta-analysis showed that the increased FOXO3a expression level was associated with longer overall survival (HR = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.46–0.85). The pooled ORs indicated high expression level of FOXO3a in tumors was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (OR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.30–0.71), TNM stage (OR = 0.37; 95% CI: 0.25–0.54), tumor differentiation (OR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.26–0.80), distant metastasis (OR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.32–0.61), and age (OR = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.08–1.51). However, we did not observe a significant correlation between the high expression of FOXO3a and sex or tumor size. Conclusions The high expression level of FOXO3a was associated with better clinical outcomes in solid tumors. FOXO3a may therefore serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and a promising molecular target.
Preparation and properties of 4-aminobenzoic acid-modified polyvinyl chloride/titanium dioxide and PVC/TiO2 based nanocomposites membranes
Authors: Ahmad Nafees , Mahmood Tariq 
Published: April 2022

In this work, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and 4-aminobenzoic acid (4ABA) modified PVC and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocomposites were prepared by solution blending method. TiO2 was added to PVC (0.5 g) at 0.01, 0.03, 0.05 and 0.1 g. PVC matrix was modified using 4-aminobenzoic acid (4ABA). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to confirm the modification of PVC with 4ABA. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images depicted homogeneous morphology of modified PVC/TiO2 nanocomposites. XRD results confirmed the formation of PVC/TiO2 nanocomposites. Moreover, the thermal decomposition temperature T10 (10 Wt. % weight loss) of non-modified PVC was 189°C however, modified PVC nanocomposites membranes had 196°C with similar TiO2 content. Furthermore, modified PVC-TiO2 with 0.05 g loading showed homogenous morphology with higher hydrophilicity as determined by porosity, solvent content, and shrinkage ratio. Modified PVC/TiO2 membrane with a lower contact angle (32°) could be used for water purification purposes. These studies suggest that optimum modifier concentration improved the interaction between PVC and TiO2.
Effects of teriflunomide treatment on cognitive performance and brain volume in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis: Post hoc analysis of the TEMSO core and extension studies
Authors: Sprenger Till , Kappos Ludwig , Sormani Maria Pia , Miller Aaron E , Poole Elizabeth M , Cavalier Steven , Wuerfel Jens 
Published: April 2022

Background: In post hoc analyses of Teriflunomide Multiple Sclerosis Oral study (TEMSO; NCT00134563), teriflunomide 14 mg significantly reduced brain volume loss (BVL) versus placebo in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective: In this post hoc analysis of TEMSO and its long-term extension (NCT00803049), we examined the relationship between teriflunomide’s effects on BVL and cognition. Methods: We analyzed data from 709 patients who received teriflunomide 14 mg in TEMSO or its extension. The change in cognitive performance, assessed using the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test 3 (PASAT-3), was measured in subgroups stratified by BVL over 2 years (least BVL: ⩽ 0.52%; intermediate BVL: >0.52%–2.18%; most BVL: >2.18%). BVL, MRI lesions, and relapses over 2 years were evaluated as potential mediators of the effect of teriflunomide on cognition. Results: Teriflunomide 14 mg significantly improved PASAT-3 Z-scores versus placebo through year 2. In the least- and intermediate-BVL groups, significant improvements in PASAT-3 Z-score were demonstrated versus the most-BVL group over 3 years in the extension. According to the mediation analysis, 44% of the teriflunomide effect on cognition was due to effects on BVL at year 2. Conclusion: Teriflunomide improves cognition largely through its effects on BVL. Accelerated BVL earlier in the disease course may predict cognitive outcomes. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00134563, NCT00803049
Mucosal healing and quality of life in therapeutic goals of ulcerative colitis: occurrence and related factors of functional bowel disorder-like symptoms
Authors: Lin Lihui , Wang Tianqi , Lu Yaming , Chen Peng , Zhang Yingfan , Zu Xiaoman , Chen Baili , Mao Ren , Feng Rui , Cui Yi , Zhang Shenghong , He Yao 
Published: April 2022

Background: Mucosal healing (MH) is considered the preferred therapeutic target for ulcerative colitis (UC). Impaired quality of life (QoL), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like symptoms, and functional bowel symptoms have been reported in several inactive patients with UC. This study aims to assess the occurrence of functional bowel disorders (FBD)-like symptoms and QoL in UC patients with MH, and to explore the factors related to FBD-like symptoms. Methods: UC patients with MH (Mayo endoscopic score, MES = 0 or 1) were required to complete the Rome IV diagnostic questionnaire, the 32-item version of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ-32), the 36-item short form healthy survey questionnaire (SF-36), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). UC patients who did not achieve MH (MES > 1) completed the IBDQ-32, the SF-36, and the HADS. Community-dwelling healthy controls (HCs) completed the SF-36 and the HADS. Results: Among the 119 UC patients with MH recruited, 45.4% reported functional bowel symptoms; functional constipation-like symptom (13.4%) was the most prevalent, followed by IBS-like symptom (10.9%), and functional diarrhea-like symptom (10.0%). The IBDQ-32 and SF-36 scores were significantly lower in MH patients with FBD-like symptoms than in those without FBD-like symptoms. Disease duration [odds ratio (OR): 1.022; p < 0.001], body mass index (BMI; OR: 0.726; p < 0.001) were independent predictors of FBD-like symptoms in UC patients with MH. Combining these two factors could attain area under the curve [0.786; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.701–0.856, p < 0.001] to predict FBD-like symptoms in MH patients. Conclusion: A number of UC patients with MH had accompanying FBD-like symptoms and significantly impaired QoL. Disease duration, BMI could predict the occurrence of FBD-like symptoms.
Antireflux mucosal intervention (ARMI) procedures for refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yeh Jen-Hao , Lee Ching-Tai , Hsu Min-Hung , Lin Chi-Wen , Hsiao Po-Jen , Chen Chien-Lin , Wang Wen-Lun 
Published: April 2022

Background: Endoscopic treatments are increasingly being offered for refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Three procedures have similar concepts and techniques: antireflux mucosectomy (ARMS), antireflux mucosal ablation (ARMA), and antireflux band ligation (ARBL); we have collectively termed them antireflux mucosal intervention (ARMI). Here, we systematically reviewed the clinical outcomes and technical aspects. Methods: The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from inception to October 2021. The primary outcome was the clinical success rate. The secondary outcomes were acid exposure time, DeMeester score, need for proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), endoscopic findings, and adverse events. Results: Fifteen studies were included. The pooled clinical success rate was 73.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 69%–78%) overall, 68.6% (95% CI = 62.2%–74.4%) with ARMS, 86.7% (95% CI = 78.7%–91.9%) with ARMA, and 76.5% (95% CI = 65%–85.1%) with ARBL. ARMI resulted in significantly improved acid exposure time, DeMeester score, and degree of hiatal hernia. Furthermore, 10% of patients had dysphagia requiring endoscopic dilatation after ARMS or ARMA, and ARMS was associated with a 2.2% perforation rate. By contrast, no bleeding, perforation, or severe dysphagia was noted with ARBL. Severe hiatal hernia (Hill grade III) may predict treatment failure with ARMA. Conclusions: The three ARMI procedures were efficacious and safe for PPI-refractory GERD. ARMA and ARBL may be preferred over ARMS because of fewer adverse events and similar efficacy. Further studies are necessary to determine the optimal technique and patient selection.
The Importance of Lumbar Curve Flexibility and Apical Vertebral Rotation for the Prediction of Spontaneous Lumbar Curve Correction in Selective Thoracic Fusion for Lenke Type 1 and 2 C Curves: Retrospective Cohort Study with a Mean Follow-Up of More than 10 years
Authors: Kaya Ozcan , Kara Deniz , Gok Halil , Kahraman Sinan , Sanlı Tunay , Karadereler Selhan , Enercan Meric , Hamzaoglu Azmi 
Published: April 2022

Study Design Retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected data. Objective Lumbar flexibility(LF) is generally defined with preoperative side bending films;it is not clear what percentage of LF predicts the spontaneous lumbar curve correction (SLCC) at long term follow up. Aim of this study was to find out cut-off value of preoperative LF,apical vertebra rotation(AVR) and apical vertebral translation(AVT);which may predict more than 50%SLCC. Methods Patients with Lenke 1C&2C curves,treated with posterior STF,with a minimum 10 years follow up were included.The patients who had more than 50% SLCC(Group A) or less than 50% (Group B) were compared in terms of LF,AVR and AVT to understand a cut-off value of those parameters.Statistically, Receiver Operating Characteristic(ROC) test was used. Results Fifty five AIS patients (54F, 1M) with mean age 14 (11-17) were included to study.Thoracic curve correction rate was 75%;lumbar curve correction rate was 59% at the latest follow up.Group A included 45(82%) patients at the latest follow up.Three patients (5%) showed coronal decompensation at early postop and 2 of them became compensated at f/up.ROC analyses showed 69% flexibility as the cut-off value for SLCC ( P < .01).The difference between groups in terms of preop mean AVRs was significant ( P = .029) (Group A = 1.9; Group B = 2.4). Conclusion In Lenke 1C&2C curves,whenever LF on the preoperative bending x-ray is greater than 70% ( P < .01)and AVR is equal or less than grade 2,STF provides satisfactory clinical and radiological SLCC with more than mean 10 years f/up.This flexibility rate and apical vertebral rotation can be helpful in decision making for successful STF.
Early-life respiratory tract infections and the risk of school-age lower lung function and asthma: a meta-analysis of 150 000 European children
Authors: van Meel Evelien R. , Mensink-Bout Sara M. , den Dekker Herman T. , Ahluwalia Tarunveer S. , Annesi-Maesano Isabella , Arshad Syed Hasan , Baïz Nour , Barros Henrique , von Berg Andrea , Bisgaard Hans , Bønnelykke Klaus , Carlsson Christian J. , Casas Maribel , Chatzi Leda , Chevrier Cecile , Dalmeijer Geertje , Dezateux Carol , Duchen Karel , Eggesbø Merete , van der Ent Cornelis , Fantini Maria , Flexeder Claudia , Frey Urs , Forastiere Fransesco , Gehring Ulrike , Gori Davide , Granell Raquel , Griffiths Lucy J. , Inskip Hazel , Jerzynska Joanna , Karvonen Anne M. , Keil Thomas , Kelleher Cecily , Kogevinas Manolis , Koppen Gudrun , Kuehni Claudia E. , Lambrechts Nathalie , Lau Susanne , Lehmann Irina , Ludvigsson Johnny , Magnus Maria Christine , Mélen Erik , Mehegan John , Mommers Monique , Nybo Andersen Anne-Marie , Nystad Wenche , Pedersen Eva S.L. , Pekkanen Juha , Peltola Ville , Pike Katharine C. , Pinot de Moira Angela , Pizzi Costanza , Polanska Kinga , Popovic Maja , Porta Daniela , Roberts Graham , Santos Ana Cristina , Schultz Erica S. , Standl Marie , Sunyer Jordi , Thijs Carel , Toivonen Laura , Uphoff Eleonora , Usemann Jakob , Vafeidi Marina , Wright John , de Jongste Johan C. , Jaddoe Vincent W.V. , Duijts Liesbeth 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundEarly-life respiratory tract infections might affect chronic obstructive respiratory diseases, but conclusive studies from general populations are lacking. Our objective was to examine if children with early-life respiratory tract infections had increased risks of lower lung function and asthma at school age.MethodsWe used individual participant data of 150 090 children primarily from the EU Child Cohort Network to examine the associations of upper and lower respiratory tract infections from age 6 months to 5 years with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC, forced expiratory flow at 75% of FVC (FEF75%) and asthma at a median (range) age of 7 (4–15) years.ResultsChildren with early-life lower, not upper, respiratory tract infections had a lower school-age FEV1, FEV1/FVC and FEF75%(z-score range: −0.09 (95% CI −0.14– −0.04) to −0.30 (95% CI −0.36– −0.24)). Children with early-life lower respiratory tract infections had a higher increased risk of school-age asthma than those with upper respiratory tract infections (OR range: 2.10 (95% CI 1.98–2.22) to 6.30 (95% CI 5.64–7.04) and 1.25 (95% CI 1.18–1.32) to 1.55 (95% CI 1.47–1.65), respectively). Adjustment for preceding respiratory tract infections slightly decreased the strength of the effects. Observed associations were similar for those with and without early-life wheezing as a proxy for early-life asthma.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that early-life respiratory tract infections affect development of chronic obstructive respiratory diseases in later life, with the strongest effects for lower respiratory tract infections.
Interstitial lung disease incidence and mortality in the UK and the European Union: an observational study, 2001–2017
Authors: Salciccioli Justin D. , Marshall Dominic C. , Goodall Richard , Crowley Conor , Shalhoub Joseph , Patel Preya , Molyneaux Philip L. 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo compare the trends in age-standardised incidence and mortality from interstitial lung diseases (ILD) in the UK and the European Union (EU).MethodsThis was an observational study using data obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study on residents of the UK and of the 27 EU countries. The main outcome measures were ILD age-standardised incidence rates per 100 000 (ASIR), age-standardised death rates per 100 000 (ASDR) and mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs), which are presented for men and women separately for each country for the years 2001–2017. Trends were analysed using joinpoint regression analysis.ResultsIn 2017, the median incidence of ILD was 7.22 (IQR 5.57–8.96) per 100 000 population for men and 4.34 (IQR 3.36–6.29) per 100 000 population for women. In 2017, the median ASDR attributed to ILD was 2.04 (IQR 1.13–2.71) per 100 000 population for men and 1.02 (0.68–1.37) per 100 000 population for women. There was an overall increase in ASDR during the observation period, with a median increase of +20.42% (IQR 5.44–31.40) for men and +15.44% (IQR −1.01–31.52) for women. Despite increases in mortality over the entire observation period, there were decreasing mortality trends in the majority of countries at the end of the observation period (75% for men and 86% for women).ConclusionOver the past two decades, there have been increases in the incidence and mortality of ILD in Europe. The most recent trends, however, demonstrate decreases in mortality from ILD in the majority of European countries for both men and women. These data support the ongoing improvements in the diagnosis and management of ILD.
Clinical response to biologicals for severe asthma: any relevance for sex in different age ranges?
Authors: Benoni Roberto , Panunzi Silvia , Batani Veronica , Moretti Francesca , Fuggini Stefano , Todesco Mattia , Senna Gianenrico , Poli Albino , Vianello Andrea , Caminati Marco 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundWhether sex can influence the clinical response to biological treatment in patients with severe asthma has not been fully addressed.Aims and methodsThe aim of this study was to investigate in patients with severe asthma undergoing biological treatment the individual evolution of lung function measurements and patient-reported asthma control scores over a 12-month follow-up period, in relation to patients’ sex, in different age ranges. Second, the change in the administered dose of oral corticosteroids (OCS) before and after 12 months of treatment was investigated.Results64 patients (58% female and 42% male) with a median age of 52 years were enrolled in the study. There were no relevant differences between sexes in terms of lung function, patient-reported asthma control, exacerbation rate and daily OCS dose within the study timeframe. A separate sub-analysis by biological treatment confirmed the same finding. Stratifying individuals by age, we showed that older men had lower lung function parameter values (forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) % predicted and FEV1/forced vital capacity index) than older women, whereas an opposite trend was observed in terms of Asthma Control Test score. No other relevant differences were detected after age stratification.ConclusionAccording to our findings, sex does not act as a determinant of treatment response to biologicals in people with severe asthma. Although to be confirmed in larger studies, our data suggest that neither sex nor age should limit biological treatment prescription, once the eligibility criteria for that therapy are satisfied.
The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus among women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis of longitudinal studies
Authors: Yan Qingzi , Qiu Dan , Liu Xiang , Xing Qichang , Liu Renzhu , Hu Yixiang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have shown that polycystic ovary syndrome is a predictor of gestational diabetes mellitus, but we do not know exactly how many polycystic ovary syndrome patients may develop gestational diabetes mellitus. Currently, the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus among women with polycystic ovary syndrome varies greatly across studies, ranged from 4.12% to 59.50%. Besides, many factors have been found to be related to the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus among women with polycystic ovary syndrome, but the results among different studies are not consistent. The possible causes of inconsistencies between the current estimates were unclear. This review aimed at exploring the pooled incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus among women with polycystic ovary syndrome, summarizing possible causes of the inconsistencies in the current estimates, try to provide a reference for prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus and polycystic ovary syndrome in the future.

Methods
Systematic searches of different databases (including EMBASE, Web of Science, MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, CNKI and PubMed) were conducted for studies published until 31 May 2021. Statistical analyses were performed using R software, the pooled incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus among polycystic ovary syndrome patients was combined using random effects model. Cochrane’s “Tool to Assess Risk of Bias in Cohort Studies” was used for quality assessment.

Results
Twenty-two longitudinal studies were included. A total of 24,574 women with polycystic ovary syndrome were identified in the 22 articles, of which 4478 were reported with gestational diabetes mellitus. The pooled incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus among women with polycystic ovary syndrome was 20.64%, with a 95% CI of 14.64% to 28.30%. In the meta-regression model, several variables including age, area, quality score and sample size were suggested as significant sources of heterogeneity, accounted for 77.57% of the heterogeneity across studies.

Conclusions
Evidence in this review suggests that gestational diabetes mellitus were common among women with polycystic ovary syndrome. More research is needed to found effective interventions for preventing gestational diabetes mellitus among women with polycystic ovary syndrome.