bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
η6‐Arene(halogenidoaluminato)lanthanoid(III) Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Activity for Isoprene Polymerization
Authors: Hossain Md Elius , Guo Zhifang , Wang Jun , Deacon Glen B. , Junk Peter C. , Diether Dominic , Anwander Reiner 
Published: January 2022

Abstractη6‐Arene(iodido‐/bromido‐aluminato)lanthanoid(III) complexes, [Ln(η6‐C6H5Me)(AlI4)3] [Ln=La (1), Ce (2), Nd (3), (Gd) (4); C6H5Me=toluene], [Ln(η6‐C6H3Me3‐1,3,5)(AlI4)3] [Ln=La (5), Ce (6), Pr (7), Nd (8), Sm (9), Gd (10); C6H3Me3‐1,3,5=mesitylene], and [Ln(η6‐C6H5Me)(AlBr4)3] [Ln=La (11), Nd (12), Sm (13)] were prepared by reactions of aluminium triiodide or aluminium tribromide with the corresponding lanthanoid metals and 1,2‐diiodoethane or 1,2‐dibromoethane in an arene (toluene or mesitylene) solution (molar ratio : 6 : 2 : 3). The first X‐ray crystal structures of arene(iodidoaluminato)lanthanoid(III) complexes are reported. The lanthanoid atom is coordinated by an η6‐arene and three chelating κ(I, I′)‐tetraiodidoaluminato ligands. The tetrabromidoaluminate complexes have similar structures. The precatalyst3was treated with AlR3(R=Me oriBu) to give [Nd(η6‐C6H5Me)(AlI3R)3] speciesin situ, which were then tested for catalytic activity towards isoprene polymerization. Although the resulting polyisoprene had a desirable highcis‐1,4 content, the catalyst performance was well below known best performing systems and indicates that iodidoaluminates are the least favorable of the halogenidoaluminatolanthanoid(III) complexes.
Mitigation of PFAS in U.S. Public Water Systems: Future steps for ensuring safer drinking water
Authors: Voulgaropoulos Alexis 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe circulation and usage of per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and PFAS‐derived products, such as Teflon and aqueous film‐forming foam (AFFF), have led to PFAS being found in organisms worldwide. PFAS are emerging chemical contaminants that are toxic and take a long time to break down in the environment. PFAS can cause adverse health effects, including kidney cancer, testicular cancer, and ulcerative colitis. Studies have shown a widespread presence of PFAS in public water systems and people across the United States. The main pollution sources that contribute to PFAS in water are the chemical manufacturing industry, AFFF runoff, and landfills. With the health issues associated, and the occurrence in water systems, action should be taken to reduce PFAS in drinking water. Despite the adverse health effects associated with PFAS, the Environmental Protection Agency has not yet set enforceable limits for the chemicals in drinking water. Future actions should tackle two areas: (1) reducing the contamination at the pollution source and (2) improving the quality of PFAS contaminated drinking water. Five recommendations are suggested for key stakeholders. Contamination can be reduced by setting stricter industrial controls for waste streams, phasing out AFFF usage, and banning the majority of PFAS. Drinking water quality can be improved through setting state‐enforced maximum contaminant levels and equipping water treatment plants with adequate PFAS removal technologies. Application of these recommendations could help reduce the presence of PFAS in drinking water and ensure safer drinking water for communities across the United States.
On channel estimation and spectral efficiency for cell‐free massive MIMO with multi‐antenna access points considering spatially correlated channels
Authors: Amadid Jamal , Belhabib Abdelfettah , Khabba Asma , Zeroual Abdelouhab , Hassani Moha M'Rabet 
Published: January 2022

AbstractChannel estimation (CE) and spectral efficiency (SE) are two processes that have a major influence on system performance, especially in a more practical channel scenario with spatially correlated Rayleigh fading. During this work, we address the uplink phase CE process and the SE for spatially correlated Rayleigh fading in a cell‐free (CF) massive multiple‐input multiple‐output (M‐MIMO) network and in the conventional M‐MIMO network operating under the time‐division duplex protocol. Since practical channels are correlated spatially with Rayleigh fading; thereby, this work addresses spatially correlated Rayleigh fading channels in both networks using a combination of the exponential correlation model with large‐scale variation across the array. Moreover, this work addresses the correlated and uncorrelated channels, where the correlated one is investigated using two array arrangements, namely, a uniform linear array (ULA) and a uniform planar array (UPA). For the two networks, the CE and SE are addressed using the minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimator and the MMSE combining vector, respectively. We propose a novel array design for CF M‐MIMO using the Kronecker product of a ULA arrangement, where each access point has a UPA arrangement. In other words, we propose the covariance matrix generated by the UPA arrangement for CF M‐MIMO using the Kronecker product of the covariance matrix generated by the ULA arrangement for CF M‐MIMO. Numerical results are presented to validate our theoretical expressions, where we evaluate the performance of the MMSE estimator and MMSE combining vector, respectively, using the normalized mean square error metric and the quantity of information effectively transmitted per second.
Integrating Ecosystem Models with Long-Term Monitoring to Support Salmon Recovery
Authors: Doyle Eric G , Arterburn John E , Klett Ryan S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Okanogan summer-run Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha holding in the Similkameen River near Oroville, Washington. Photo credit: Brian Miller, Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation.
The Ecosystem Diagnosis and Treatment model (EDT) is a deterministic, life cycle-based habitat model developed to support the conservation and recovery of declining Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. and steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss in the Pacific Northwest. Originally conceived in the 1990s, the current generation of EDT is proving its value as a data synthesis and analysis platform, capable of transforming complex environmental data into useful quantitative metrics to guide decision making. Here we describe the integration of EDT with long-term research, monitoring, and evaluation in the Okanogan River in the state of Washington to support the ongoing conservation and recovery of steelhead listed under the Endangered Species Act. The lessons learned in this important Columbia River subbasin demonstrate the value of EDT as an adaptive management tool that is both effective and transferable. Modeling tools like EDT are one of many technological advances that will help resource managers identify priority habitats for conservation and restoration.
Hepatic interferon regulatory factor 8 expression suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma progression and enhances the response to anti–programmed cell death protein‐1 therapy
Authors: Wu Hongxi , Li Yan , Shi Guangjiang , Du Shijia , Wang Xiaobin , Ye Wanli , Zhang Zixuan , Chu Ya , Ma Shuqian , Wang Dajia , Li Yuan , Chen Zhen , Birnbaumer Lutz , Wang Zhuo , Yang Yong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background and Aims
Therapeutic blockade of the programmed cell death protein‐1 (PD‐1) immune checkpoint pathways has resulted in significant reactivation of T cell–mediated antitumor immunity and is a promising clinical anticancer treatment modality in several tumor types, but the durable response rate remains relatively low (15%–20%) in most patients with HCC for unknown reasons. Evidence reveals that the interferon signaling pathway plays a critical role in modulating the efficacy and sensitivity of anti–PD‐1 therapy against multiple tumor types, but the mechanisms are unclear.

Approach and Results
Using Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis based on HCC databases, we found that deceased expression of interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 8 in HCC, among all the nine IRF members that regulate interferon signals, was associated with poor prognosis of patients with HCC. Moreover, gene set enrichment analysis identified the interferon‐gamma and PD‐1 signaling signatures as the top suppressed pathways in patients with IRF8‐low HCC. Contrarily, overexpression of IRF8 in HCC cells significantly enhanced antitumor effects in immune‐competent mice, modulating infiltration of tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) and T cell exhaustion in tumor microenvironment. We further demonstrated that IRF8 regulated recruitment of TAMs by inhibiting the expression of chemokine (C‐C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20). Mechanically, IRF8‐mediated repression of c‐fos transcription resulted in decreased expression of CCL20, rather than directly bound to CCL20 promoter region. Importantly, adeno‐associated virus 8–mediated hepatic IRF8 rescue significantly suppressed HCC progression and enhanced the response to anti–PD‐1 therapy.

Conclusions
This work identified IRF8 as an important prognostic biomarker in patients with HCC that predicted the response and sensitivity to anti–PD‐1 therapy and uncovered it as a therapeutic target for enhancing the efficacy of immune therapy.
Canopy Homolog 2 contributes to liver oncogenesis by promoting unfolded protein response–dependent destabilization of tumor protein P53
Authors: Hong Feng , Lin Ching Ying , Yan Jingyue , Dong Yizhou , Ouyang Yuli , Kim Doyeon , Zhang Xiaoli , Liu Bei , Sun Shaoli , Gu Wei , Li Zihai 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Backgroud and Aims
Abnormalities in the tumor protein P53 (p53) gene and overexpression of mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2), a negative regulator of p53, are commonly observed in cancers. p53 destabilization is regulated by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR) in cancer. However, the mechanisms remain enigmatic. Canopy homolog 2 (CNPY2) is a key UPR initiator that primarily involved in ER stress and is highly expressed in the liver, but its functional role in regulating liver carcinogenesis is poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the role of CNPY2 in hepartocarcinogenesis through URP‐dependent p53 destabilization.

Approach and Results
Here, we showed that CNPY2 expression is up‐regulated in HCC and negatively correlated with survival rate in liver cancer patients. Deletion of Cnpy2 obliterates diethylnitrosamine (DEN)‐induced HCC in mice. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that CNPY2 binds and prevents ribosome proteins from inhibiting MDM2 and enhances the UPR activity of protein kinase RNA‐like endoplasmic reticulum kinase and inositol‐requiring transmembrane kinase endoribonuclease‐1α, leading to p53 destabilization and cell‐cycle progression. In addition, transcriptome analyses uncovered that CNPY2 is also required for DEN‐induced expression of oncogenes, including c‐Jun and fibroblast growth factor 21. Intratumoral injection of nanoparticle‐based CRISPR single‐guide RNA/CRISPR‐associated protein 9 mRNA against Cnpy2 has antitumor effects in HCC.

Conclusions
These findings demonstrate that CNPY2 is crucial for liver oncogenesis through UPR‐dependent repression of p53 and activation of oncogenes, providing insights into the design of a therapeutic target for HCC.
Contextual features in the developing hippocampus: A representational similarity analysis
Authors: Kazemi Alireza , Coughlin Christine A. , DeMaster Dana M. , Ghetti Simona 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFunctional divisions of labor in support of memory have been reported along the anterior–posterior axis of the hippocampus. However, little is known about how the developing hippocampus represents associative memories along this axis. The present research employed representational similarity analysis to ask whether developmental differences exist in the extent to which the anterior versus the posterior hippocampus represent features of the context and associative memories. Functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected during the retrieval phase of an associative recognition task from 8‐year‐olds, 10‐year‐olds, and adults (N = 58). Participants were asked to retrieve pairs of items, which were presented either in the same location as during encoding or in a flipped location. In the anterior hippocampus and only for adults, pattern similarity between the two studied pair conditions was greater than pattern similarity between studied pairs presented in the same location and novel pairs. In contrast, this difference was not significant in the posterior hippocampus. Older, but not younger, children showed a similar, albeit attenuated, similarity pattern to that of adults, but measures of patterns similarity predicted associative recognition across ages. In addition, exploratory analyses showed that similarity patterns in the adult posterior, but not anterior, hippocampus tracked the order of the runs. Overall, the results suggest functional and developmental dissociations in processing different contextual features, with the anterior hippocampus responding to salient and rapid‐changing features and the posterior hippocampus responding to slower‐changing features of the context.
Bronchoalveolar lavage of ventilator‐associated pneumonia patients for antibiotic resistance and susceptibility test
Authors: Ahmadinejad Mojtaba , Mohammadzadeh Sanaz , Pak Haleh , Hashemiyazdi Seyedehhamideh , Soltanian Ali , Rahimi Mahsa , Ahmadinejad Izadmehr 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsVentilator‐associated pneumonia is highly prevalent nosocomial infection among patients under mechanical ventilation. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is effective in identifying the type of pathogen involved and determine the course of antibiotic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of different pathogens involved in ventilator‐associated pneumonia (VAP) and associated antibiotic resistance and sensitivity pattern.MethodsIn this descriptive cross‐sectional study, patients admitted to the intensive care unit under mechanical ventilation at Shahid Madani Educational and Medical Center in Karaj during 2018 and 2020 were included. BAL samples were obtained from the patients. Demographic data, duration of hospitalization, duration of mechanical ventilation, and antibiotic susceptibility and resistance tests were recorded for all the patients.ResultsAmong 335 patients included in the study, 215 (64.2%) were males. The mean age of the patients was 55.06 ± 14.90 years. The most common pathogens reported were Acinetobacter baumannii (40%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (21.2%), and Staphylococcus aureus (13.4%). The mean age of the patients, gender, duration of mechanical ventilation, and duration of hospitalization were not associated with the type of pathogen, P > .05, respectively.ConclusionBAL of these patients indicated that various pathogens are responsible for VAP, and can vary from patient to patient. Antibiotic resistance and susceptibility pattern of these pathogens vary and therefore is important in determining the course of the treatment.
The impact of product and labour market reform on growth: Evidence for OECD countries based on local projections
Authors: de Haan Jakob , Wiese Rasmus 
Published: January 2022

SummaryWe examine the impact of labour and product market reforms on economic growth in 25 OECD countries between 1985 and 2013, and tests whether this impact is conditioned by the fiscal policy stance. Our local projection results suggest that controlling for endogeneity of reforms (by the Augmented Inverse Probability Weighted estimator) and fiscal policy is crucial. Our results show that product market reforms mostly cause slight negative growth, except when implemented during periods of neutral fiscal policy. Labour market reforms hurt growth under tight and neutral fiscal policy, but are conducive to economic growth if introduced during periods of expansionary fiscal policy.
Real estate agents' influence on housing search
Authors: Hong Seung‐Hyun 
Published: January 2022

SummaryThis paper investigates different mechanisms for real estate agents’ influence in housing search. Using residential listing data, I find descriptive evidence suggesting an important role of agents’ influence in the listing stage, during which agents may influence home sellers to set lower initial listing prices. To quantify the impact of this mechanism, I develop a structural model for the home seller's problem particularly in the listing stage, while accounting for other mechanisms. The estimated model shows that agents' influence in the listing stage is consequential, explaining about 60% of the difference in sales price premiums between agent‐owned and client‐owned listings.
Three dimensional confocal photoacoustic dermoscopy with an autofocusing sono‐opto probe
Authors: Ma Haigang , Wang Zhiyang , Zuo Chao , Huang Qinghua 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPhotoacoustic dermoscopy (PAD) is uniquely positioned for the diagnosis and assessment of dermatological conditions because of its ability to visualize optical absorption contrast in vivo in three dimensions. In this Letter, we developed a 3D confocal PAD (3D‐CPAD) equipped with an autofocusing sono‐opto probe to facilitate the reconstruction of high‐spatial‐resolution imaging of skin with multilaminate structures in depth direction. The autofocusing sono‐opto probe integrated a 10‐mm electrowetting‐based varifocal lens to automatically control the acoustic and optical confocal length, and an annular ultrasonic detector with a mid‐frequency of ~32.8 MHz is coaxially configured for receiving photoacoustic signals. Using this sono‐opto probe, the acoustic and optical confocal length‐shifting range from ~7 to 43 mm with high image contrast and spatial resolution in the 3D image reconstruction. Autofocusing property tests and 3D human skin in vivo imaging were carried out to demonstrate the imaging capability of the 3D‐CPAD for potential clinical foreground in noninvasive biopsies of skin disease.
Dual effect of nifedipine on pregnant human myometrium contractility: Implication of TRPC1
Authors: Yart Lucile , Frieden Maud , Konig Stéphane , Cohen Marie , Martinez de Tejada Begoña 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNifedipine, an L‐type voltage‐gated Ca2+ channel (L‐VGCC) blocker, is one of the most used tocolytics to treat preterm labor. In clinical practice, nifedipine efficiently decreases uterine contractions, but its efficacy is limited over time, and repeated or maintained nifedipine‐based tocolysis appears to be ineffective in preventing preterm birth. We aimed to understand why nifedipine has short‐lasting efficiency for the inhibition of uterine contractions. We used ex vivo term pregnant human myometrial strips treated with cumulative doses of nifedipine. We observed that nifedipine inhibited spontaneous myometrial contractions in tissues with high and regular spontaneous contractions. By contrast, nifedipine appeared to increase contractions in tissues with low and/or irregular spontaneous contractions. To investigate the molecular mechanisms activated by nifedipine in myometrial cells, we used the pregnant human myometrial cell line PHM1‐41 that does not express L‐VGCC. The in vitro measurement of intracellular Ca2+ showed that high doses of nifedipine induced an important intracellular Ca2+ entry in myometrial cells. The inhibition or downregulation of the genes encoding for store‐operated Ca2+ entry channels from the Orai and transient receptor potential‐canonical (TRPC) families in PHM1‐41 cells highlighted the implication of TRPC1 in nifedipine‐induced Ca2+ entry. In addition, the use of 2‐APB in combination with nifedipine on human myometrial strips tends to confirm that the pro‐contractile effect induced by nifedipine on myometrial tissues may involve the activation of TRPC channels.
Drug–Drug Interactions in People Living With HIV at Risk of Hepatic and Renal Impairment: Current Status and Future Perspectives
Authors: Cottura Nicolas , Kinvig Hannah , Grañana‐Castillo Sandra , Wood Adam , Siccardi Marco 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDespite the advancement of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), drug–drug interactions (DDIs) remain a relevant clinical issue for people living with HIV receiving ART. Antiretroviral (ARV) drugs can be victims and perpetrators of DDIs, and a detailed investigation during drug discovery and development is required to determine whether dose adjustments are necessary or coadministrations are contraindicated. Maintaining therapeutic ARV plasma concentrations is essential for successful ART, and changes resulting from potential DDIs could lead to toxicity, treatment failure, or the emergence of ARV‐resistant HIV. The challenges surrounding DDI management are complex in special populations of people living with HIV, and often lack evidence‐based guidance as a result of their underrepresentation in clinical investigations. Specifically, the prevalence of hepatic and renal impairment in people living with HIV are between five and 10 times greater than in people who are HIV‐negative, with each condition constituting approximately 15% of non‐AIDS‐related mortality. Therapeutic strategies tend to revolve around the treatment of risk factors that lead to hepatic and renal impairment, such as hepatitis C, hepatitis B, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. These strategies result in a diverse range of potential DDIs with ART. The purpose of this review was 2‐fold. First, to summarize current pharmacokinetic DDIs and their mechanisms between ARVs and co‐medications used for the prevention and treatment of hepatic and renal impairment in people living with HIV. Second, to identify existing knowledge gaps surrounding DDIs related to these special populations and suggest areas and techniques to focus upon in future research efforts.
Design, synthesis, and antitumor activity of novel sorafenib derivatives
Authors: Hou Mi , Zou Ya‐Yu , Fan Si‐Li , Li Xiao‐Qin , Shao Li‐Hui , Li Zhu‐Rui , Chen Dan‐Ping , Wang Zhen‐Chao , Ouyang Gui‐Ping 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNew series of 18 compounds were synthesized using sorafenib derivatives as parent structure and p‐aminoacetophenone as raw materials. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed on the basis of 1H, 13C NMR and HRMS (Supporting Information). Their antitumor activities against human lung adenocarcinoma cells A549 (A549), prostate cancer cells PC‐3 (PC‐3), human chronic myeloid leukemia cells (K562), and human liver cancer cells (HepG2) in vitro were evaluated, using Sorafenib as a positive control drug. Bioactivity assays indicated that these compounds showed good antitumor activities toward tested four cancer cell lines. In particular, compound 7n showed potent inhibitory activity with IC50 of 7.39 ± 1.51 μM toward K562. The mechanism and the apoptosis inducing effect of 7n against k562 cell line were studied. The results showed that compound 7n blocked K562 cells in G2/M phase to induce cell apoptosis with a concentration and time‐dependent manner.