bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Topological monopole's gauge field‐induced anomalous Hall effect in artificial honeycomb lattice
Authors: Guo Jiasen , Dugaev Vitalii , Ernst Arthur , Yumnam George , Ghosh Pousali , Singh Deepak Kumar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractVortex magnetic structure in artificial honeycomb lattice provides a unique platform to explore emergent properties due to the additional Berry phase curvature imparted by chiral magnetization to circulating electrons via direct interaction. We argue that while the perpendicularly aligned magnetic component leads to the quantized flux of monopole at the center of the Berry sphere, the in‐plane vortex circulation of magnetization gives rise to unexpected nontrivial topological Berry phase due to the gauge field transformation. The unprecedented effect signifies the importance of vector potential in multiply connected geometrical systems. Experimental confirmations to proposed hypotheses are obtained from Hall resistance measurements on permalloy honeycomb lattice. Investigation of the topological gauge transformation due to the in‐plane chirality reveals anomalous quasi‐oscillatory behavior in Hall resistance as a function of perpendicular field. The oscillatory nature of is owed to the fluctuation in equilibrium current as a function of Fermi wave‐vector , envisaged under the proposed new formulation in this article. Our synergistic approach suggests that artificially tunable nanostructured material provides new vista to the exploration of topological phenomena of strong fundamental importance.Key PointsDemonstration of gauge field flux due to vortex magnetism.Anomalous Hall effect in magnetic honeycomb lattice.Topological monopole‐induced magnetic flux.
Block preconditioners for energy stable schemes of magnetohydrodynamics equations
Authors: Zhang Guo‐Dong , Yang Min , He Yinnian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this article, we develop the first and second order unconditionally energy stable schemes for magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations and design robust preconditioners for these schemes. Inspired by operator preconditioning ideas, appropriate parameter‐dependent norms on function spaces are subtly defined to uniformly bound the bilinear and trilinear terms, which implies the uniform well‐posedness of the schemes under the newly defined norms. Then robust block preconditioners are constructed using the Riesz operators. We prove that, if time step size , the proposed preconditioners are uniformly robust with respect to physical parameters and discrete parameters. Various numerical experiments, including energy stability tests, Kelvin–Helmholtz instability and magnetic driven cavity physical benchmark problems, are presented to manifest unconditional energy stability of the schemes and robustness of our preconditioners.
Cyclotriphosphazene hyperbranched P/N/Si prepared flame retardants improve mechanical properties and flame retardancy of epoxy resins
Authors: Yu Hailong , Tian Li , Li Ting , Zhu Yingxue , Zhu Anjun , Guo Xiaoqian , Liu Kangli , Yang Baoping , Guo Junhong , Mu Bo , Cui Jinfeng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this study, a cyclotriphosphazene hyperbranched P/N/Si prepared flame retardant (HBPPSi) was synthesized, and the effects of different loadings of HBPPSi on the mechanical properties, thermal stability and flame retardancy of epoxy resin were investigated. The mechanical property studies showed that the addition of HBPPSi could effectively improve the strength and toughness of epoxy resin, in which the strength and toughness of 5% HBPPSi/EP composites were improved by 43% and 59%, respectively. Meanwhile, thermogravimetric analysis and combustion performance test analysis indicated that the loading of HBPPSi could significantly improve the carbon formation rate, flame retardancy, and smoke suppression performance of EP composites. 5% HBPPSi/EP composites achieved a V‐1 grade in the UL‐94 test, and the LOI value increased to 28.3%. Compared with the pure EP material, the maximum heat release rate (PHRR) and total smoke release (TSP) of the 5% HBPPSi/EP composite were reduced by 47% and 32%, respectively. In addition, the release of toxic smoke CO was also significantly reduced. More importantly, the mode of action of the effect of HBPPSi on the mechanical properties, flame retardant properties, and smoke suppression properties of EP materials was investigated.
Hybridization effect on the mechanical properties of basalt fiber reinforced ZnO modified epoxy composites
Authors: Joshi Siddharth , Hiremath Anupama , Nayak Suhas Yeshwant , Jaideep Jeppu Pramod , Thipperudrappa Sridhar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper discusses the fabrication of nano ZnO filled epoxy/basalt fiber composites and investigates the effect of such hybridization on the mechanical properties of the composites. The epoxy resin is modified by the addition of ZnO nanofiller in different wt.% (1–5 wt%). The dispersion of the nanofiller within the epoxy resin is brought about by sonication technique. The composites are fabricated through wet layup followed by curing under compression molding. To ascertain the effect of resin modification, flexural and tensile strengths are evaluated. The inter‐laminar shear strength (ILSS) is determined to identify the compatibility of the ZnO nanofiller with the epoxy and the basalt fibers. The improvement in the ILSS indicates thorough wettability being achieved between all the composite components. The addition of ZnO nanofiller improved the flexural strength, while there was no remarkable improvement in the tensile strength of the ZnO modified epoxy/baslat (BEZ) composite. Maximum improvement in the strengths is observed for BEZ2 composite with 2 wt% of ZnO nanofiller. For BEZ2 composite, the flexural and tensile strength increased by about 22% and 9.78% respectively in comparison to unfilled BEZ0 composite. The ILSS for BEZ2 composite improved by 21.74% in comparison to BEZ0 composite. In addition, more than 2 wt% addition of the ZnO nanofiller resulted in the reduction of flexural, tensile and ILSS of the composite due to agglomeration. Such agglomeration resulted in the failure of the composite due to delamination, matrix cracking and fiber fracture as observed through scanning electron microscopy images of the fractured composites.
Novel thermally insulated ultra‐lightweight fireproof and high impact resistance advanced hybrid composite
Authors: Vinodhini Jennifer , K Sudheendra , Bhowmik Shantanu , AR Srikrishnan , D. Trivedi Prakash , C. Zaveri Jaimin , Kundu Amit 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis work investigates the development of ultra‐lightweight, hybrid fireproof composite material. The composite panels are made of 2,5‐polybenizimidazole (ABPBI) a thermally stable high‐performance fiber and poly ether ketone (PEK) a high‐performance film. The surface of ABPBI fiber and PEK film were treated by nitrogen plasma to increase the adhesion characteristics. The composite was fabricated through the stacking method. The hybrid composite was developed by sandwiching silicone rubber foam between surface‐treated ABPBI/PEK composite. The entire sample was covered with surface‐treated ABPBI fiber using silicone adhesive. The hybrid composite was tested in exposure to dry ice, fire and compression tests. After exposure to fire for 10 min, negligible loss of material was noticed. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis at the interface indicated strong interfacial adhesion between the PEK matrix and the ABPBI fiber. Limiting oxygen index (LOI) of ABPBI fiber and PEK film appear to be promising in terms of fire resistivity and hence the hybrid composite of PEK/ABPBI sandwiched by silicone foam results one of the best fireproof composite. This composite also shows significant improvement of impact and compressive strength. Analysis under Ansys Fluent software also shows similar results.
High‐Entropy Cs(Pb1/3Mn1/3Ni1/3)Br3 Perovskite Nanocrystals Prepared by High Energy Ball Milling and their Luminescence Properties
Authors: Mao Hengbin , Wang Lei , Li Junhui , Jiang Xin , Xue Shiwei , Li Mingliang , Zhu Jinpeng , Fan Bingbing , Xu Tingting , Shao Gang , Xu Hongliang , Wang Hailong , Zhang Rui , Lu Hongxia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAll‐inorganic perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have been widely used in many fields due to their excellent photoelectric properties. However, the instability of their structure and the high lead content need to be solved. Herein, the concept of “High‐entropy” is introduced into NCs to prepare High‐entropy perovskite Cs(Pb1/3Mn1/3Ni1/3)Br3 NCs by high‐energy ball milling method. The effects of milling time and doping ratio of B‐site elements on the structure and performance of perovskite NCs are studied. It is found that Mn2+ and Ni2+ successfully enter the lattice of Pb2+ to form “High‐entropy” perovskite NCs. In addition, compared with Cs(Pb0.72Mn0.14Ni0.14)Br3 NCs, Cs(Pb1/3Mn1/3Ni1/3)Br3 NCs have greater luminous intensity and stability, which because of the enhancement of band gap and valence bonds. Furthermore, photoluminescence intensity at 515 nm increase obviously when Cs(Pb1/3Mn1/3Ni1/3)Br3 NCs are heated at 120 °C. This is due to the lattice distortion effect brought about by ion doping. This study is expected to provide an effective way for synthesis and stability of all‐inorganic perovskite NCs doped with more kinds of different ions. Moreover, it also lays the foundation for the introduction of “High‐entropy” into perovskite functional ceramics.
Tumor growth inhibition modeling to support the starting dose for dacomitinib
Authors: Fostvedt Luke K. , Nickens Dana J. , Tan Weiwei , Parivar Kourosh 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDacomitinib is a second‐generation, irreversible EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor for first‐line treatment of patients with metastatic non‐small cell lung cancer and EGFR‐activating mutations. A high rate of dose reductions in the pivotal trial led to an observed inverse exposure‐response (ER) relationship with the primary end points. Three ER models were developed to determine if the starting dose from the pivotal trial, 45 mg once daily (q.d.) dose, is appropriate: a longitudinal logistic regression model for adverse event‐related dose changes, a Claret tumor growth inhibition (TGI) model, and a Cox model for progression‐free survival (PFS) based on the TGI model predictions. This analysis included 266 patients taking dacomitinib with a starting dose of 45 mg (N = 250) or 30 mg (N = 16) q.d. The ER relationships with the time‐varying exposure metrics, most recent maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and average concentration (Cavg) from the first dose, were established for the dose reduction and TGI models, respectively. The TGI model characterized the tumor inhibition over time with constant growth rate (kL = 0.0012 years−1) and highly variable kill rate (kD = 1.002 years−1/[μg/L]θcavg, coefficient of variation [CV] = 89%) and drug resistance (λ = 14.47 years−1, CV = 96%) leading to prolonged tumor shrinkage. The ER relationship was characterized using an exposure parameter with a power parameterization (θcavg = 0.454, p < 0.0001). The Cox model found that baseline tumor size (p = 0.0166) and week 8 tumor shrinkage rate (p = 0.0726) were the best predictors of PFS. Simulations of dose reductions and drug interruptions on tumor shrinkage over time showed greater and more prolonged tumor shrinkage with a starting dose of 45 mg q.d.
Reflecting on Andy Grieve's influence and innovation: A personal perspective
Authors: Smith Mike K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThroughout his career, Andy Grieve has developed and implemented many novel methods and has been involved in trial design and analysis for many trials that have broken new ground in the statistics field. His record of innovation is clear, but it is the way that he also applies these innovations in practice, reaches pragmatic solutions to problems and then shares and disseminates those findings that mark him out as a true leader in the statistical field. In this short article, I will discuss my own views of Andy's innovation, pragmatism and influence and how it has left its mark in my own career.
Wogonoside attenuates liver fibrosis by triggering hepatic stellate cell ferroptosis through SOCS1/P53/SLC7A11 pathway
Authors: Liu Guofang , Wei Can , Yuan Siyu , Zhang Zhe , Li Jiahao , Zhang Lijun , Wang Guokai , Fang Ling 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWogonoside (WG) is a flavonoid chemical component extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis, which exerts therapeutic effects on liver diseases. Ferroptosis, a novel form of programmed cell death, regulates diverse physiological/pathological processes. In this study, we attempted to investigate a novel mechanism by which WG mitigates liver fibrosis by inducing ferroptosis in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). A CCl4‐induced mouse liver fibrosis model and a rat HSC line were employed for in vivo and in vitro experiments, both treated with WG. Firstly, the levels of the fibrotic markers α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) and α1(I)collagen (COL1α1) were effectively decreased by WG in CCl4‐induced mice and HSC‐T6 cells. Additionally, mitochondrial condensation and mitochondrial ridge breakage were observed in WG‐treated HSC‐T6 cells. Furthermore, ferroptotic events including depletion of SLC7A11, GPX4 and GSH, and accumulation of iron, ROS and MDA were discovered in WG‐treated HSC‐T6 cells. Intriguingly, these ferroptotic events did not appear in hepatocytes or macrophages. WG‐elicited HSC ferroptosis and ECM reduction were dramatically abrogated by ferrostatin‐1 (Fer‐1), a ferroptosis inhibitor. Importantly, our results confirm that SOCS1/P53/SLC7A11 is a signaling pathway which promotes WG attenuation of liver fibrosis. On the contrary, WG mitigated liver fibrosis and inducted HSC‐T6 cell ferroptosis were hindered by SOCS1 siRNA and pifithrin‐α (PFT‐α). These findings demonstrate that SOCS1/P53/SLC7A11‐mediated HSC ferroptosis is associated with WG alleviating liver fibrosis, which provides a new clue for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
Analysis of Wilson‐Hilferty distribution under progressive Type‐II censoring
Authors: Dey Sanku , Elshahhat Ahmed 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA new re‐parameterize form of the Wilson‐Hilferty distribution for data modelling with increasing, decreasing and bathtub shape hazard rates has been considered. This paper takes into account the estimation for the unknown model parameters, reliability function and hazard function based on two frequentist methods and Bayesian method of estimation using Type‐II progressively censored data. In frequentist method, besides conventional likelihood based estimation, another competitive method, known as maximum product of spacing (MPS) method is proposed to estimate the model parameters, reliability function and hazard function as an alternative approach to the common likelihood method. In Bayesian paradigm, we have also considered the MPS function as an alternative to the traditional likelihood function and both are also discussed under the Bayesian set up for unknown parameters, reliability function and hazard function. Moreover, for all considered unknown quantities, the approximate confidence intervals under the proposed frequentist approaches as well as the Bayes credible intervals are constructed. Extensive Monte‐Carlo simulation studies are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed estimates with respect to various criteria quantities. Furthermore, we discuss an optimal progressive censoring plan among different competing censoring plans using three optimality criteria. Finally, to show the applicability of the proposed methodologies in a real‐life scenario, an engineering dataset is analysed.
Designing a longitudinal clinical trial based on a composite endpoint: Sample size, monitoring, and adaptation
Authors: Schoenfeld David A. , Ramchandani Ritesh , Finkelstein Dianne M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLongitudinal clinical trials are often designed to compare treatments on the basis of multiple outcomes. For example in the case of cardiac trials, the outcomes of interest include mortality as well as cardiac events and hospitalization. For a COVID‐19 trial, the outcomes of interest include mortality, time on ventilator, and time in hospital. Earlier work by these authors proposed a non‐parametric test based on a composite of multiple endpoints referred to as the Finkelstein‐Schoenfeld (FS) test (Finkelstein and Schoenfeld. Stat Med. 1999;18(11):1341–1354.). More recently, an estimate of the treatment comparison based on multiple endpoints (related to the FS test) was proposed (Pocock et al. Eur Heart J. 2011;33(2):176–182.). This estimate, which summarized the ratio of the number of patients who fared better vs worse on the experimental arm was coined the win ratio. The aim of this article is to provide guidance in the design of a trial that will use the FS test or the win ratio. The issues that will be considered are the sample size, sequential monitoring, and adaptive designs.
Der TK Elevator Testturm in Rottweil – Herausforderungen bei der Ausführung der weltweit höchsten Membranfassade
Authors: Moritz Karsten , Höreth Frank 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDer vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt einige der Herausforderungen bei der Ausführung der bis dato höchsten Membranfassade der Welt. Denn die Montage der 16.000 m2 großen Membran‐Stahlkonstruktion am nackten Betonschaft bis in eine Höhe von 246 m weicht deutlich vom business as usual im Membranbau ab. Das Unternehmen Taiyo Europe GmbH hat sich gemeinsam mit seiner Auftraggeberin, der Ed. Züblin AG, diesen Herausforderungen gestellt und dabei bautechnisches Neuland betreten.
Hot‐dip galvanizing of high‐strength hot‐finished hollow sections
Authors: Pinger Thomas , Müller Thomas , Kaucke Christoph , Straetmans Boris , Wessel Waldemar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe galvanizability of high‐strength, hot‐finished hollow sections was investigated as part of a test programme. Here, square sections made of steel grades ranging from 355 to 620 MPa were galvanized using two processes: a classic, quasi‐rare zinc melt and a zinc‐5 % aluminium alloy. To determine the influence of galvanizing on the material properties, samples were taken from the galvanized specimens, tensile tests and Charpy‐V‐tests were performed on them, and the results were compared with those in the ungalvanized initial state. Furthermore, we investigated the optical and microstructural characteristics of the zinc coatings, as well as possible cracking due to liquid metal embrittlement (LME). The results show that the two galvanizing processes used in the test programme produce no negative effect, but rather tend to have a positive effect on the mechanical properties of the steels tested. In all cases, stable zinc coatings are formed that exhibit the expected characteristics. Cracking as a result of LME could not be detected.
Social capital, information sharing, ambidexterity, and performance for technology park firms in Turkey
Authors: Wasti Syeda Nazli , Terzi Hilal , Kerti Feyza 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSmall and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) in uncertain emerging markets tend to pursue exploitation at the expense of exploration. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether social capital can alleviate this imbalance by supporting the firms' ambidexterity, and thus the performance of such firms. Using survey data from high‐tech SMEs in Turkish technoparks, Phase 1 of the study tests a mainstream serial mediation model, where the social capital–performance relationship is mediated by information sharing and ambidexterity dimensions (exploration and exploitation). The results show that rather than merely forming structural social capital linkages, firms also need to develop relational social capital for higher ambidexterity and performance. Phase 2 of the study elaborates on these findings through interviews with 12 technopark firm managers regarding information sharing, collaborations, and innovative activities. The findings in this phase provide strong evidence that low generalized trust in the Turkish context plays an inhibiting role in the process from social capital to firm performance.
Tracheal resection and anastomosis in a dog with an osteochondroma
Authors: Behrens Kristen N. , Turley Kelsey A. , Mouser Pamela J. , Casale Sue A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA 2‐month‐old golden retriever was presented with a history of intermittent wheezing and inspiratory stridor. Previous thoracic radiographs revealed the presence of a discrete opacity partially obscuring the trachea at the level of the thoracic inlet. Through tracheoscopy, a smooth, broad‐based intratracheal mass was visualised just past the thoracic inlet that made up about 80% of the tracheal diameter. Histological examination of biopsies obtained during this procedure was consistent with tracheal osteochondroma. The mass was removed by resection and anastomosis of the trachea through a cervical approach. Histopathology of the excised mass confirmed the prior diagnosis of osteochondroma. Re‐evaluation and repeat thoracic radiographs 6 months postoperatively showed complete resolution of clinical signs and no evidence of recurrent disease. This case demonstrates that tracheal resection and anastomosis can be a viable and curative surgical procedure for some masses, including osteochondromas, within the trachea.
Ten Recommendations for an Effective Model for Regulating Truth in Political Advertising and Conclusion
Authors: Hill Lisa , Douglass Max , Baltutis Ravi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe conclude by making ten recommendations in light of the foregoing discussion. These recommendations are intended to ensure that our ideal-type model is capable of fulfilling four general goals; first, it should be acceptable to the public as well as the political class in order to ensure bi- and, ideally, multi-party support; second, it should allow complaints to be handled in a timely manner; third, it should be capable of withstanding constitutional challenge, not only to ensure that it is not invalidated but also that it is not stifling good faith political speech; and fourth, it should be able to deal effectively with the problem of false campaign statements without producing too many unwanted and unintended consequences such as: the cynical use of injunctions against candidates for political purposes; vexatious litigation; the strategic use of false campaign statements with the intention of absorbing the pecuniary penalty as a ‘routine campaign expense’; ‘dragged-out’ litigation; ex-post rulings by the Supreme Court; unjust prosecution; mischievous flooding of trivial litigation for the sole purpose of distracting the Commission from its primary responsibility; and the perception that the regulator is too restrictive in its assessments.
The Effects of False Campaign Statements
Authors: Hill Lisa , Douglass Max , Baltutis Ravi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this chapter we explore the short- and long-term effects of false election information on electoral and other democratic processes from both a theoretical and empirical perspective. We examine the supply and demand side of the mis- and disinformation stories, drawing on the literature in behavioural economics and psychology to explain the underlying mechanisms at play in the demand side (consumers) and the motivations on the supply side (producers). We show that, due to the high stakes and unavoidably competitive nature of modern elections on the one hand, and perverse financial incentives within the information market on the other, election mis- and disinformation will be difficult to combat without a legal remedy.