bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concurrent Psychosocial Concerns and Post-Concussive Symptoms Following Pediatric mTBI: An A-CAP Study
Authors: Sparanese Sydney , Yeates Keith Owen , Bone Jeffrey , Beauchamp Miriam H , Craig William , Zemek Roger , Doan Quynh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo measure the association between psychosocial problems and persistent post-concussive symptoms (PCS) in youth who were seen in the emergency department with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) or orthopedic injury (OI).MethodsFrom a larger prospective cohort study, Advancing Concussion Assessment in Pediatrics (A-CAP), 122 child–guardian pairs who presented to the emergency department with mTBI (N = 70) or OI (N = 52) were recruited for this cross-sectional sub-study. Each pair completed 2 measures assessing PCS burden at 2 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months post-injury. At one visit, pairs concurrently completed MyHEARTSMAP, a comprehensive, psychosocial self-assessment tool to evaluate 4 domains of mental wellness.ResultsWhen measured at the same visit, children who self-reported moderate or severe Psychiatry domain concerns concurrently experienced a greater burden of cognitive symptoms (β = 5.49; 0.93–10.05) and higher overall PCS count (β = 2.59; 0.70–4.48) after adjusting for covariables, including retrospective pre-injury symptoms and injury group. Additionally, reports indicating mild Function domain severity were associated with increased cognitive (β = 3.34; 95% CI: 0.69–5.99) and somatic symptoms (β = 6.79; 2.15–11.42) and total symptom count (β = 1.29; 0.18–2.39).ConclusionIncreasing severity in multiple domains of mental health is associated with more PCS in youth. While the differences in PCS between the mTBI and OI groups appeared somewhat larger for children with more mental health concerns, the interaction was not statistically significant; larger sample sizes are needed to evaluate the moderating effect of psychosocial difficulties on post-concussion symptoms.
VLBI observations of a sample of Palomar–Green quasars – I. Parsec-scale morphology
Authors: Wang Ailing , An Tao , Cheng Xiaopeng , Ho Luis C , Kellermann Kenneth I , Baan Willem A , Yang Jun , Zhang Yingkang 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
We observed 20 Palomar–Green quasars at low redshift (z &lt; 0.5) with total flux density &gt;1 mJy, including four radio-loud quasars (RLQs) and 16 radio-quiet quasars (RQQs), using the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) at 5 GHz. 10 RQQs are clearly detected in the VLBA images, and a compact radio core is identified in eight of them, indicating the prevalence of active galactic nucleus (AGN)-related radio emission in this flux-density-limited RQQ sample. The RQQs and RLQs in our sample have a division at ∼30 mJy. The radio emission from RQQs appears to be the result of a combination of star formation and AGN-associated activities. All RQQs in our sample have a 5 GHz flux density ratio of Very Large Array (VLA) A-array to D-array $f_{\rm c} = S_{\rm A}^{\rm VLA}/S_{\rm D}^{\rm VLA}$ above 0.2. The RQQs with fa (VLBA and VLA flux density ratio $S^{\rm VLBA}/S_{\rm A}^{\rm VLA}) \gt 0.2$ versus fa &lt; 0.2 show significant differences in morphology, compactness, and total flux density. fa of RQQs is systematically lower than that of RLQs, probably due to the extended jets or relic jets of RQQs on tens to hundreds parsecs that are resolved out in VLBA images. Future larger samples, especially with the addition of milliarcsec resolution radio images of RQQs with total flux densities below 1 mJy, can test the conclusions of this paper and contribute to the understanding of the radio emission mechanism of RQQs, and the dichotomy and physical connection between RQQs and RLQs.
Taking off the edge – simultaneous filament and end core formation
Authors: Heigl S , Hoemann E , Burkert A 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Simulations of idealized star-forming filaments of finite length typically show core growth that is dominated by two cores forming at its respective end. The end cores form due to a strong increasing acceleration at the filament ends that leads to a sweep-up of material during the filament collapse along its axis. As this growth mode is typically faster than any other core formation mode in a filament, the end cores usually dominate in mass and density compared to other cores forming inside a filament. However, observations of star-forming filaments do not show this prevalence of cores at the filament ends. We explore a possible mechanism to slow the growth of the end cores using numerical simulations of simultaneous filament and embedded core formation, in our case a radially accreting filament forming in a finite converging flow. While such a set-up still leads to end cores, they soon begin to move inwards and a density gradient is formed outside of the cores by the continued accumulation of material. As a result, the outermost cores are no longer located at the exact ends of the filament and the density gradient softens the inward gravitational acceleration of the cores. Therefore, the two end cores do not grow as fast as expected and thus do not dominate over other core formation modes in the filament.
Cosmic evolution of the incidence of active galactic nuclei in massive clusters: simulations versus observations
Authors: Muñoz Rodríguez Iván , Georgakakis Antonis , Shankar Francesco , Allevato Viola , Bonoli Silvia , Brusa Marcella , Lapi Andrea , Viitanen Akke 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
This paper explores the role of small-scale environment (&lt;1 Mpc) in modulating accretion events on to supermassive black holes by studying the incidence of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in massive clusters of galaxies. A flexible, data-driven semi-empirical model is developed based on a minimal set of parameters and under the zero-order assumption that the incidence of AGNs in galaxies is independent of environment. This is used to predict how the fraction of X-ray selected AGN among galaxies in massive dark matter haloes ($\gtrsim 3\times 10^{14}\, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$) evolves with redshift and reveal tensions with observations. At high redshift, z ∼ 1.2, the model underpredicts AGN fractions, particularly at high X-ray luminosities, $L_X(\rm 2\rm{-}10\, keV) \gtrsim 10^{44}\, erg \, s^{-1}$. At low redshift, z ∼ 0.2, the model estimates fractions of moderate luminosity AGN ($L_X(\rm 2\rm{-}10\, keV) \gtrsim 10^{43}\, erg \, s^{-1}$) that are a factor of 2–3 higher than the observations. These findings reject the zero-order assumption on which the semi-empirical model hinges and point to a strong and redshift-dependent influence of the small-scale environment on the growth of black holes. Cluster of galaxies appear to promote AGN activity relative to the model expectation at z ∼ 1.2 and suppress it close to the present day. These trends could be explained by the increasing gas content of galaxies towards higher redshift combined with an efficient triggering of AGNs at earlier times in galaxies that fall on to clusters.
The mystery in Gaia DR3 triples: occurrence rates, orientations, and eccentricities of wide tertiaries around close binaries
Authors: Hwang Hsiang-Chih 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
The formation of close binaries has been an open question for decades. A large fraction of close binaries are in triple systems, suggesting that their formation may be associated with the Kozai–Lidov mechanism. However, this picture remains under debate because the configurations of many observed triples are unlikely to trigger the Kozai–Lidov mechanism. In this paper, we use the close binary samples, including eclipsing, spectroscopic, and astrometric binaries, from Gaia Data Release 3 to investigate the mysterious connection between inner binaries and their wide tertiaries. We show that the wide tertiary (at 103–104 au) fraction increases with decreasing orbital periods of the inner binaries. The wide tertiary fraction of eclipsing binaries (a median orbital period of 0.41 d) is 2.33 ± 0.11 times higher than the field wide binary fraction. Furthermore, there is a tentative excess at ∼104 au for tertiaries of eclipsing binaries. Using the v − r angle distributions, we show that wide tertiaries have isotropic orientations with respect to the inner binaries, and the co-planar orbits can be ruled out. The inferred eccentricity distribution of wide tertiaries is consistent (&lt;1σ) with being thermal (f(e) ∝ e), similar to wide binaries at similar separations. The dynamical unfolding scenario is disfavoured because it predicts highly eccentric wide tertiaries, which is inconsistent with our findings. For the Kozai–Lidov mechanism to be effective for wide tertiaries at &gt;103 au, the initial separations of the inner binaries need to be &gt;3 au. Future theoretical investigations are needed to explore the parameter space at these large initial separations and large tertiary separations.
A two-gene strategy increases iron and zinc concentrations in wheat flour, improving mineral bioaccessibility
Authors: Harrington Sophie A , Connorton James M , Nyangoma Natasha I M , McNelly Rose , Morgan Yvie M L , Aslam Mohamad F , Sharp Paul A , Johnson Alexander A T , Uauy Cristobal , Balk Janneke 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Dietary deficiencies of iron and zinc cause human malnutrition that can be mitigated by biofortified staple crops. Conventional breeding approaches to increase grain mineral concentrations in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) have had only limited success, and our understanding of the genetic and physiological barriers to altering this trait is incomplete. Here we demonstrate that a transgenic approach combining endosperm-specific expression of the wheat VACUOLAR IRON TRANSPORTER gene TaVIT2-D with constitutive expression of the rice (Oryza sativa) NICOTIANAMINE SYNTHASE gene OsNAS2 significantly increases the total concentration of zinc and relocates iron to white-flour fractions. In two distinct bread wheat cultivars, we show that the so called VIT-NAS construct led to a two-fold increase in zinc in wholemeal flour, to ∼50 µg g−1. Total iron was not significantly increased, but redistribution within the grain resulted in a three-fold increase in iron in highly pure, roller-milled white flour, to ∼25 µg g−1. Interestingly, expression of OsNAS2 partially restored iron translocation to the aleurone, which is iron depleted in grain overexpressing TaVIT2 alone. A greater than three-fold increase in the level of the natural plant metal chelator nicotianamine in the grain of VIT-NAS lines corresponded with improved iron and zinc bioaccessibility in white flour. The growth of VIT-NAS plants in the greenhouse was indistinguishable from untransformed controls. Our results provide insights into mineral translocation and distribution in wheat grain and demonstrate that the individual and combined effects of the two transgenes can enhance the nutritional quality of wheat beyond what is possible by conventional breeding.
Comprehensive and reliable sonographic assessment and scoring system for inflammatory lesions of the paediatric ankle
Authors: Vega-Fernandez Patricia , De Ranieri Deirdre , Oberle Edward , Clark Matthew , Bukulmez Hulya , Lin Clara , Shenoi Susan , Thatayatikom Akaluck , Woolnough Leandra , Benham Heather , Brunner Emily , Henrickson Michael , Pratt Laura R , Proulx-Gauthier Jean-Philippe , Janow Ginger , Cassedy Amy , Ting Tracy V , Roth Johannes 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objective
The clinical decision-making process in paediatric arthritis lacks an objective, reliable bedside imaging tool. The aim of this study was to develop a US scanning protocol and assess the reliability of B-mode and Doppler scoring systems for inflammatory lesions of the paediatric ankle.

Methods
As part of the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) US group, 19 paediatric rheumatologists through a comprehensive literature review developed a set of standardized views and scoring systems to assess inflammatory lesions of the synovial recesses as well as tendons of the paediatric ankle. Three rounds of scoring of still images were followed by one practical exercise. Agreement among raters was assessed using two-way single score intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC).

Results
Of the 37 initially identified views to assess the presence of ankle synovitis and tenosynovitis, nine views were chosen for each B-mode and Doppler mode semi-quantitative evaluation. Several scoring exercises and iterative modifications resulted in a final highly reliable scoring system: anterior tibiotalar joint ICC: 0.93 (95% CI 0.92, 0.94), talonavicular joint ICC: 0.86 (95% CI 0.81, 0.90), subtalar joint ICC: 0.91 (95% CI 0.88, 0.93) and tendons ICC: 0.96 (95% CI 0.95, 0.97).

Conclusion
A comprehensive and reliable paediatric ankle US scanning protocol and scoring system for the assessment of synovitis and tenosynovitis were successfully developed. Further validation of this scoring system may allow its use as an outcome measure for both clinical and research applications.
Non-Synonymous, Synonymous, and Non-Coding Nucleotide Variants Contribute to Recurrently Altered Biological Processes During Retinoblastoma Progression
Authors: Stachelek Kevin , Harutyunyan Narine , Lee Susan , Beck Assaf , Kim Jonathan , Xu Liya , Berry Jesse L. , Nagiel Aaron , Reynolds C. Patrick , Murphree A. Linn , Lee Thomas C. , Aparicio Jennifer G. , Cobrinik David 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRetinoblastomas form in response to biallelicRB1mutations orMYCNamplification and progress to more aggressive and therapy-resistant phenotypes through accumulation of secondary genomic changes. Progression-related changes include recurrent somatic copy number alterations and typically non-recurrent nucleotide variants, including synonymous and non-coding variants, whose significance has been unclear. To assess synonymous and non-coding variant contributions to recurrently altered processes, we identified altered genes and over-represented variant gene ontologies in 168 exome or whole-genome-sequenced retinoblastomas and 12 tumor-matched cell lines. In addition to initiatingRB1mutations,MYCNamplification, and established retinoblastoma SCNAs, the analyses revealed enrichment of variant genes related to diverse biological processes including histone monoubiquitination, mRNA processing (P) body assembly, and mitotic sister chromatid segregation and cytokinesis. Importantly, inclusion of non-coding and synonymous variants increased the enrichment significance of each over-represented biological process term. To assess the effects of such mutations, we performed functional tests of 3’ UTR variants ofPCGF3(a BCOR-binding component of Polycomb repressive complex I) andCDC14B(a regulator of sister chromatid segregation) and a synonymous variant ofDYNC1H1(a regulator of P-body assembly).PCGF3andCDC14B3’ UTR variants impaired gene expression whereas a base-editedDYNC1H1synonymous variant altered protein structure and stability. Compared to tumors, retinoblastoma cell lines had a partially overlapping variant gene spectrum and enrichment for p53 pathway mutations. These findings reveal potentially important differences in retinoblastoma cell lines and antecedent tumors and implicate synonymous and non-coding variants, along with non-synonymous variants, in retinoblastoma oncogenesis.
Prediction of Electric Fields Induced by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Brain using a Deep Encoder-Decoder Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Tashli Mohannad , Alam Muhammad Sabbir , Gong Jiaying , Lewis Connor , Peterson Carrie L. , Eldardiry Hoda , Atulasimha Jayasimha , Hadimani Ravi L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTranscranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive, effective, and safe neuromodulation technique to diagnose and treat neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, the complexity and heterogeneity of the brain composition and structure pose a challenge in accurately determining whether critical brain regions have received the right level of induced electric field. Numerical computation methods, like finite element analysis (FEA), can be used to estimate electric field distribution. However, these methods need exceedingly high computational resources and are time-consuming. In this work, we developed a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) encoder-decoder model to predict induced electric fields, in real-time, from T1-weighted and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based anatomical slices. We recruited 11 healthy subjects and applied TMS to the primary motor cortex to measure resting motor thresholds. Head models were developed from MRIs of the subjects using the SimNIBS pipeline. Head model overall size was scaled to 20 new size scales for each subject to form a total of 231 head models. Scaling was done to increase the number of input data representing different head model sizes. Sim4Life, a FEA software, was used to compute the induced electric fields, which served as the DCNN training data. For the trained network, the peak signal to noise ratios of the training and testing data were 32.83dB and 28.01dB, respectively. The key contribution of our model is the ability to predict the induced electric fields in real-time and thereby accurately and efficiently predict the TMS strength needed in targeted brain regions.
Mechanical force induces DRP1-dependent asymmetrical mitochondrial fission for quality control
Authors: Liu Xiaoying , Xu Linyu , Song Yutong , Li Xinyu , Wong Cheuk-Yiu , Chen Rong , Feng Jianxiong , Chow Hei-Man , Yao Shuhuai , Gao Song , Liu Xingguo , Duan Liting 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMitochondria are membrane-bound organelles that perform diverse critical biological functions. They undergo constant fission and fusion, which are important for mitochondrial inheritance, functions, and quality control. While tremendous efforts have identified many factors governing mitochondria dynamics, emerging evidence indicates the involvement of various intracellular or extracellular mechanical cues. However, how mechanical stress directly modulates mitochondrial dynamics remains largely unknown. Here utilizing an optogenetic mitochondria-specific mechanostimulator to apply pulling forces to intracellular mitochondria, we find that mechanostimulation can promote mitochondrial fission, with sustained mechanostimulation triggering fission more effectively than transient one. Asymmetrical fission can occur at different sub-mitochondrial sites after force-induced mitochondrial elongation. Such force-induced fission is dependent on DRP1 and involves the wrapping of ER tubules. Moreover, mechanical force generates mitochondrial fragments without mtDNA which recruit Parkin proteins. Our results prove the mechanosensitivity and mechanoresponsiveness of mitochondria and reveal the role of mechanical cues in directly regulating mitochondrial dynamics.
Human acute microelectrode array recordings with broad cortical access, single-unit resolution and parallel behavioral monitoring
Authors: Eisenkolb Viktor M. , Held Lisa M. , Utzschmid Alexander , Lin Xiao-Xiong , Krieg Sandro M. , Meyer Bernhard , Gempt Jens , Jacob Simon N. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHuman single-unit studies currently rely on neurosurgical procedures that provide only limited brain coverage and on recording devices that do not integrate easily into established surgical routines. Here, we report reliable and robust acute multi-channel recordings with broad cortical access using planar microelectrode arrays (MEA) implanted intracortically in awake brain surgery. We provide a comprehensive characterization of extracellular neuronal activity acquired intraoperatively in tumor patients with large open craniotomies. MEA implantation was fast, safe and yielded high-quality signals at the microcircuit, local field potential level, and at the cellular, single-unit level. Recording from parietal association cortex, a region previously unexplored in human single-unit studies, we demonstrate applications on these complementary spatial scales and describe travelling waves of oscillatory activity as well as single-neuron and neuronal population responses during numerical cognition including operations with uniquely human number symbols. Intraoperative MEA recordings are practicable and can be scaled up to explore cellular and microcircuit mechanisms of a wide range of human brain functions.
Multi-omics Analysis Identifies IgG2b Class-Switching with ALCAM-CD6 Co-Stimulation in Lymph Nodes During Advanced Inflammatory-Erosive Arthritis
Authors: Kenney H. Mark , Rangel-Moreno Javier , Peng Yue , Chen Kiana L. , Bruno Jennifer , Embong Abdul , Pritchett Elizabeth , Fox Jeffrey I. , Quataert Sally , Muthukrishnan Gowrishankar , Wood Ronald W. , Korman Benjamin D. , Anolik Jennifer H. , Xing Lianping , Ritchlin Christopher T. , Schwarz Edward M. , Wu Chia-Lung 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDefective lymphatic drainage and B-cell translocation into joint-draining lymph node sinuses are pathogenic phenomena in patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this lymphatic dysfunction remain poorly understood. Here, by utilizing spatial and single-cell transcriptomics in tumor necrosis factor transgenic (TNF-Tg) mice, we characterized functional genomic changes in popliteal lymph nodes (PLNs) of “Early” and “Advanced” RA to determine the mechanisms orchestrating B-cell differentiation. We first show thatIghg2bexpression localized to Marco+sinuses and negatively correlated with bone volumes in ipsilateral joints. We further reveal that Advanced PLNs exhibited a concomitant accumulation of iron-laden macrophages and T-cells. Mechanistically, crosstalk between ALCAM+macrophages and CD6+T-cells was identified as a co-stimulatory pathway promoting IgG2b class-switching. These findings were validated by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, ELISPOT, and clinical correlates. Collectively, we propose that ALCAM-CD6 co-stimulation activates T cells, initiating IgG2b class-switching and plasma cell differentiation in RA flare.
Ancestry-related differences in chromatin accessibility and gene expression ofAPOE4are associated with Alzheimer disease risk
Authors: Celis Katrina , Muniz Moreno Maria DM. , Rajabli Farid , Whitehead Patrice , Hamilton-Nelson Kara , Dykxhoorn Derek M. , Nuytemans Karen , Wang Liyong , Dalgard Clifton L. , Flanagan Margaret , Weintraub Sandra , Geula Changiz , Gearing Marla , Bennett David A. , Schuck Theresa , Jin Fulai , Pericak-Vance Margaret A. , Griswold Anthony J. , Young Juan I. , Vance Jeffery M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundEuropean local ancestry (ELA) surroundingAPOE4is associated with a higher risk for Alzheimer Disease (AD) compared to African local ancestry (ALA). We previously demonstrated significantly higherAPOE4expression in ELA vs ALA in the frontal cortex ofAPOE4/4AD patients. Differences in chromatin accessibility could contribute to these differences inAPOE4expression.MethodsWe performed single nuclei Assays for Transposase Accessible Chromatin sequencing (snATAC-seq) and single nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) from frozen frontal cortex of six ALA and six ELA AD patients, all homozygous for local ancestry andAPOE4.ResultsWe demonstrated thatAPOE4, including its promoter area, has greater chromatin accessibility in ELA vs ALA astrocytes. This increased accessibility in ELA astrocytes extended genome wide. Genes with increased accessibility and expression in ELA in astrocytes were enriched for synaptic function, cholesterol processing and astrocyte reactivity.ConclusionOur results suggest that increased chromatin accessibility ofAPOE4in astrocyte with the ELA contributes to the observed elevatedAPOE4expression, corresponding to the increased AD risk in ELA vs ALAAPOE4/4carriers.