bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early results and complication rate of the LapiCotton procedure in the treatment of medial longitudinal arch collapse: a prospective cohort study
Authors: de Cesar Netto Cesar , Ehret Amanda , Walt Jennifer , Chinelati Rogerio Marcio Kajimura , Dibbern Kevin , de Carvalho Kepler Alencar Mendes , Tazegul Tutku Erim , Lalevee Matthieu , Mansur Nacime Salomão Barbachan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Instability/collapse of the medial column has been associated with many conditions, particularly progressive collapsing foot deformity (PCFD), hallux valgus (HV), and midfoot arthritis (MA). Restoration of first ray length and sagittal plane alignment to restore the foot tripod is essential when treating these deformities. This study aimed to assess early results, healing, and complication rate of a distraction dorsal opening plantarflexion wedge allograft first tarsometatarsal joint fusion (LapiCotton Procedure) in patients with collapse/instability of the medial column.

Methods
In this prospective cohort study, we included PCFD, HV, and MA patients that underwent a LapiCotton procedure. Fusion site healing was defined by > 50% bone bridging in both interfaces between allograft wedge and host bone using weight-bearing computed tomography (WBCT) after 3 months. First ray collapse radiographic correction and minor and major complications (deep dehiscence, deep infection, and reoperation) were assessed.

Results
A total of 22 patients (22 feet) were included (11 PCFD, 6 MA, and 5 of HV patients). Mean follow-up was 5.9 months (range 3–12) and median allograft size was 8 mm (range 5–19 mm). Bone healing was observed in 91% of cases. Two minor complications (9%, both superficial dehiscence) and one major complication (4.5%, deep infection) were observed. Statistically significant improvement of the sagittal plane talus-first metatarsal angle was observed, with mean improvement of 9.4° (95% CI 6.7–12.1°; p < 0.0001).

Conclusion
In this prospective cohort study of 22 patients treated with the LapiCotton procedure for medial longitudinal arch collapse/instability, we observed a low complication rate (9% minor, 4.5% major), high healing rate after 3 months (91%), one clinically stable radiographic non-union (4.5%) and one unstable non-union (4.5%) needing reoperation. Our results demonstrate promising initial results for LapiCotton technique in treating collapse of the medial longitudinal arch in patients with PCFD, MA and HV deformities. Long-term results are needed to confirm these promising results.

Level of evidence
Level II, prospective cohort study.
The incidence, baseline predictors, and outcomes of dementia in an incident cohort of Parkinson’s disease and controls
Authors: Counsell Carl , Giuntoli Cinzia , Khan Qaisar Imran , Maple-Grødem Jodi , Macleod Angus D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
There are few long-term data on the incidence, baseline predictors, and outcomes of dementia in Parkinson’s disease (PD) from prospective community-based incident cohorts.

Methods
The PINE study prospectively identified all incident PD patients in Aberdeen along with age–sex-matched, community-based controls who consented to standardized annual life-long follow-up. Each year, a clinical expert reviewed the diagnosis of PD and the presence of dementia according to DSM-IV-based criteria. Age–sex stratified incidence rates for dementia in PD and controls were calculated and compared with hazard ratios (HR) adjusted for age, sex, education, and socioeconomic status. Cox proportional-hazard modelling was used to assess baseline predictors for PD dementia and the influence of dementia on survival and institutionalization.

Results
201 patients (mean age 72.6yrs) and 260 controls (mean age 75.4yrs) were followed for median 9.5 years. The incidence of dementia was 7.4 (PD) versus 2.1 (controls) per 100 person-years (adjusted HR 6.0, 95%CI 4.1–8.7), with a sixfold increase from under 60 to over 80 years in PD but no sex difference. Independent baseline predictors of PD dementia were older age at diagnosis, self-reported cognitive symptoms, dream enactment, lower MMSE scores, worse motor UPDRS scores, and the ApoE genotype. PD dementia increased the rates of subsequent death and institutionalization (32.0 and 26.9 per 100 person-years, respectively).

Conclusion
The incidence of dementia in PD is high, increases markedly with age, is increased in those with baseline subjective cognitive symptoms as well as other established risk factors, and is associated with high rates of death and institutionalization.
Sodium retention in nephrotic syndrome is independent of the activation of the membrane-anchored serine protease prostasin (CAP1/PRSS8) and its enzymatic activity
Authors: Essigke Daniel , Bohnert Bernhard N. , Janessa Andrea , Wörn Matthias , Omage Kingsley , Kalbacher Hubert , Birkenfeld Andreas L. , Bugge Thomas H. , Szabo Roman , Artunc Ferruh 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExperimental nephrotic syndrome leads to activation of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) by proteolysis and promotes renal sodium retention. The membrane-anchored serine protease prostasin (CAP1/PRSS8) is expressed in the distal nephron and participates in proteolytic ENaC regulation by serving as a scaffold for other serine proteases. However, it is unknown whether prostasin is also involved in ENaC-mediated sodium retention of experimental nephrotic syndrome. In this study, we used genetically modified knock-in mice withPrss8mutations abolishing its proteolytic activity (Prss8-S238A) or prostasin activation (Prss8-R44Q) to investigate the development of sodium retention in doxorubicin-induced nephrotic syndrome. Healthy Prss8-S238A and Prss8-R44Q mice had normal ENaC activity as reflected by the natriuretic response to the ENaC blocker triamterene. After doxorubicin injection, all genotypes developed similar proteinuria. In all genotypes, urinary prostasin excretion increased while renal expression was not altered. In nephrotic mice of all genotypes, triamterene response was similarly increased, consistent with ENaC activation. As a consequence, urinary sodium excretion dropped in all genotypes and mice similarly gained body weight by + 25 ± 3% in Prss8-wt, + 20 ± 2% in Prss8-S238A and + 28 ± 3% in Prss8-R44Q mice (p = 0.16). In Western blots, expression of fully cleaved α- and γ-ENaC was similarly increased in nephrotic mice of all genotypes. In conclusion, proteolytic ENaC activation and sodium retention in experimental nephrotic syndrome are independent of the activation of prostasin and its enzymatic activity and are consistent with the action of aberrantly filtered serine proteases or proteasuria.
The role of cerclage wiring in the management of subtrochanteric and reverse oblique intertrochanteric fractures: a meta-analysis of comparative studies
Authors: Hantouly Ashraf T. , Salameh Motasem , Toubasi Ahmad A. , Salman Loay A. , Alzobi Osama , Ahmed Abdulaziz F. , Ahmed Ghalib 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeSubtrochanteric and reverse oblique intertrochanteric fractures are challenging and often difficult to reduce. While intramedullary nailing (IMN) is considered the standard treatment, achieving anatomic reduction prior to fixation is essential. This study aimed to assess the impact of cerclage wiring with IMN on the outcomes and complication rate in treating subtrochanteric and reverse oblique intertrochanteric fractures.MethodsThis meta-analysis was conducted in line with PRISMA guidelines. The primary outcome was the time to union. The secondary outcomes were operative time, blood loss, quality of reduction, reduction alignment (if in varus), complications and reoperations. PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched till July 2021. Articles that compared intramedullary nailing (IMN) versus intramedullary nailing and cerclage wiring (IMN-C) in the treatment of subtrochanteric and reverse oblique intertrochanteric fractures were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale.ResultsThis meta-analysis included 415 patients with subtrochanteric and reverse oblique intertrochanteric fracture from six comparative studies. Our findings showed that IMN-C was significantly associated with higher mean duration of surgery and blood loss. However, IMN-C had significantly lower mean time to union compared to IMN alone. In addition, IMN-C had lower pooled prevalence of varus reduction and overall complications.ConclusionThis study showed that the use of cerclage wiring is associated with lower time to union, lower prevalence of varus reduction and overall complications. Therefore, cerclage wiring augmentation is a safe technique with low complication rate and may be advised whenever open reduction is needed in the management of subtrochanteric and reverse oblique intertrochanteric fractures.
Paraoxonase and arylesterase activity of serum PON-1 enzyme in psoriatic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bassu Stefania , Mangoni Arduino A. , Satta Rosanna , Argiolas Dario , Carru Ciriaco , Zinellu Angelo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHuman serum paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) is a critical antioxidant defense system against lipid oxidation. Decreased PON-1 activity has been associated with systemic oxidative stress in several disease states. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of plasma/serum concentrations of PON-1 paraoxonase and arylesterase activity in psoriasis, a chronic immune-mediated and inflammatory skin disease. The electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched from inception to November 2021. In total, 14 studies in 691 psoriatic patients and 724 healthy controls were included in the meta-analysis. Serum paraoxonase activity was significantly lower in psoriatic patients (SMD = − 2.30, 95% CI − 3.17 to − 1.42; p < 0.001); however, no significant between-group differences were observed in serum arylesterase activity (SMD = − 0.34, 95% CI − 0.11 to 0.80; p = 0.14). The pooled SMD values were not substantially altered in sensitivity analysis. There was no publication bias. In conclusion, our meta-analysis has shown that serum paraoxonase, but not arylesterase, activity is significantly lower in psoriasis, suggesting an impaired antioxidant defense in these patients.
Feature tracking cardiovascular magnetic resonance reveals recovery of atrial function after acute myocarditis
Authors: Schneider J. N. , Jahnke C. , Cavus E. , Chevalier C. , Bohnen S. , Radunski U. K. , Riedl K. A. , Tahir E. , Adam G. , Kirchhof P. , Blankenberg S. , Lund G. K. , Müllerleile K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFollow-up after acute myocarditis is important to detect persisting myocardial dysfunction. However, recovery of atrial function has not been evaluated after acute myocarditis so far. Thirty-five patients with strictly defined acute myocarditis underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR, 1.5 T) in the acute stage at baseline (BL) and at 3 months follow-up (FU). The study population included 13 patients with biopsy-proven “cardiomyopathy-like” myocarditis (CLM) and 22 patients with “infarct-like” (ILM) clinical presentation. CMR feature tracking (FT) was performed on conventional cine SSFP sequences. Median LA-GLS increased from 33.2 (14.5; 39.2) at BL to 37.0% (25.2; 44.1, P = 0.0018) at FU in the entire study population. Median LA-GLS also increased from 36.7 (26.5; 42.3) at BL to 41.3% (34.5; 44.8, P = 0.0262) at FU in the ILM subgroup and from 11.3 (6.4; 21.1) at BL to 21.4% (14.2; 30.7, P = 0.0186) at FU in the CLM subgroup. Median RA-GLS significantly increased from BL with 30.8 (22.5; 37.0) to FU with 33.7% (26.8; 45.4, P = 0.0027) in the entire study population. Median RA-GLS also significantly increased from 32.7 (25.8; 41.0) at BL to 35.8% (27.7; 48.0, P = 0.0495) at FU in the ILM subgroup and from 22.8 (13.1; 33.9) at BL to 31.0% (26.0; 40.8, P = 0.0266) at FU in the CLM subgroup. Our findings demonstrate recovery of LA and RA function by CMR-FT strain analyses in patients after acute myocarditis independent from clinical presentation. Monitoring of atrial strain could be an important tool for an individual assessment of healing after acute myocarditis.
Relationships between climate change perceptions and climate adaptation actions: policy support, information seeking, and behaviour
Authors: van Valkengoed A. M. , Perlaviciute G. , Steg L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPeople are increasingly exposed to climate-related hazards, including floods, droughts, and vector-borne diseases. A broad repertoire of adaptation actions is needed to adapt to these various hazards. It is therefore important to identify general psychological antecedents that motivate people to engage in many different adaptation actions, in response to different hazards, and in different contexts. We examined if people’s climate change perceptions act as such general antecedents. Questionnaire studies in the Netherlands (n = 3,546) and the UK (n = 803) revealed that the more people perceive climate change as real, human-caused, and having negative consequences, the more likely they are to support adaptation policy and to seek information about local climate impacts and ways to adapt. These relationships were stronger and more consistent when the information and policies were introduced as measures to adapt to risks of climate change specifically. However, the three types of climate change perceptions were inconsistently associated with intentions to implement adaptation behaviours (e.g. installing a green roof). This suggests that climate change perceptions can be an important gateway for adaptation actions, especially policy support and information seeking, but that it may be necessary to address additional barriers in order to fully harness the potential of climate change perceptions to promote widespread adaptation behaviour.
Generalizability and effect measure modification in sibling comparison studies
Authors: Sjölander Arvid , Öberg Sara , Frisell Thomas 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSibling comparison studies have the attractive feature of being able to control for unmeasured confounding by factors that are shared within families. However, there is sometimes a concern that these studies may have poor generalizability (external validity) due to the implicit restriction to families that are covariate-discordant, i.e., those families where at least two siblings have different levels of at least one of the covariates (exposure or confounders) under investigation. Even if this selection mechanism has been noted by many authors, previous accounts of the problem tend to be brief. The purpose of this paper is to provide a formal discussion of the implicit restriction to covariate-discordant families in sibling comparison studies. We discuss when and how this restriction may impair the generalizability of the study, and we show that a similar generalizability problem may in fact arise even when all families are covariate-discordant, e.g. even if the exposure is continuous so that all siblings have different exposure levels. We show how this problem can be solved by using a so-called marginal between-within model for estimation of marginal exposure effects. Finally, we illustrate the theoretical conclusions with a simulation study.
Seasonal variation in productivity, chemical composition and nutrient uptake of Ulva spp. (Chlorophyta) strains
Authors: Jansen Henrice M. , Bernard Miriam S. , Nederlof Marit A. J. , van der Meer Ingrid M. , van der Werf Adrie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Applications of
seaweeds require the supply of uniform biomass, yet performance of Ulva is generally characterised by a wide variation across study sites and seasons, as well as among species or strains. This study aimed to determine the variation in growth, biochemical composition and nutrient uptake of five Ulva strains collected in the Eastern Scheldt estuary (the Netherlands) and cultivated under standardised outdoor conditions from July to November. Surprisingly, only two strains performed well (maximum 291 ± 95 and 570 ± 122 kg FW ha−1 day−1 for VEE and YER strain), one strain showed slow growth (maximum 155 ± 91 kg FW ha−1 day−1 for SCH strain), and the last two strains (JAC and KOM) did not grow at all. Chemical composition was only determined for the well-performing strains. For most of the parameters, strong seasonality was observed; growth, crude fat (0.4–1.3%), ash (16–25%) and starch (3–11%) decreased, whereas fibres (37–45%) and proteins (7–22% crude; 6–18% true) increased. To evaluate the bio-remediation potential, nutrient uptake of YER, VEE and SCH strains was determined from in- and outflowing water (453–2027 µmol DIN; 4–101 µmol PO4 kg FW h−1). Highest rates were observed for the SCH strain which was not in accordance with growth nor composition, suggesting that nutrients were not (all) directed towards vegetative growth. This study demonstrates a large variation in performance between different Ulva strains collected in relatively close proximity and thereby highlights the importance to test a variety of local seaweed strains prior to commercial farming.
In vivo and in vitro postovulatory aging: when time works against oocyte quality?
Authors: Di Nisio Valentina , Antonouli Sevastiani , Damdimopoulou Pauliina , Salumets Andres , Cecconi Sandra ,   On behalf of SIERR
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn mammalian species an optimal fertilization window during which successful fertilization occurs. In the majority of mammals estrus marks ovulation time and coincident with mating, thereby allowing the synchronized meeting in the fallopian tubes, between freshly ejaculated sperm and freshly ovulated oocytes. Conversely, women do not show natural visual signs of ovulation such that fertilization can occur hours later involving an aged oocyte and freshly ejaculated spermatozoa. During this time, the oocyte undergoes a rapid degradation known as “postovulatory aging” (POA). POA may become particularly important in the human-assisted reproductive technologies, as the fertilization of retrieved mature oocytes can be delayed due to increased laboratory workload or because of unforeseeable circumstances, like the delayed availability of semen samples. This paper is an updated review of the consequences of POA, either in vivo or in vitro, on oocyte quality with particular attention to modifications caused by POA on oocyte nuclear, cytoplasmic, genomic, and epigenetic maturation, and embryo development.
Abyssal current and water mass in the Main Gap and an adjacent Small Gap of the Emperor Seamount Chain
Authors: Yanagimoto Daigo , Miyamoto Masatoshi , Oka Eitarou , Nakano Toshiya , Takatsuki Yasushi , Tsujino Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFrom 2016 to 2017, we conducted 1-year mooring current observation at the widest, deepest gap, widely known as the Main Gap, and a narrower, shallower gap just south of the Main Gap, called the Small Gap in this study, in the Emperor Seamount Chain, which divides the Northwest Pacific Basin (NWPB) from the Northeast Pacific Basin. We also conducted two hydrographic sections with a conductivity–temperature–depth sensor and a lowered acoustic Doppler current profiler around the two gaps in 2012 and 2016. At the Main Gap, the abyssal current flowed east–northeastward at a statistically significant mean velocity of 1.3–2.4 cm s−1, while the current was dominated by tidal and inertial variability with a magnitude of 3–4 cm s−1. At the Small Gap, the abyssal current had an eastward mean velocity of 9.4 cm s−1, accompanied by mesoscale variability with a magnitude of 7 cm s−1. These eastward currents carried abyssal water below a depth of 5000 m, which came from the northern part of the NWPB, with a volume transport of 1.6 × 106 m3 s−1 through the Main Gap and 0.5 × 106 m3 s−1 through the Small Gap. Cold, saline, oxygen-rich Lower Circumpolar Deep Water, which occupied the south of the zonal seamount range at 37°N, called the S–E Seamounts in this study, was found near the seafloor north of the S–E Seamounts to the west of the Small Gap; however, it did not extend to the Main Gap or to the east of the Small Gap.
Future changes of hot extremes in Spain: towards warmer conditions
Authors: Lorenzo M. N. , Alvarez I. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOne of the most relevant effects of climate change is its influence on the frequency and intensity of extreme events. The analysis and understanding of these events are of great importance due to the probability of causing environmental and social damage. In this study, we investigate changes in extreme hot temperature events over Spain for the near future (2021–2050) in relation to a control period (1971–2000) by using regional climate model simulations from the EURO-CORDEX project. The projection results show a significant increase in the number of extremely warm temperatures throughout the area. A significant strong increase in warm days and warm nights is projected over the domain. Simulations also project more frequent summer days and tropical nights over most parts of the region. The most significant increase in relation to the present climatology corresponds to warm nights, while simulations corresponding to tropical nights project the smallest changes.
Methodological Individualism: Still a Useful Methodology for the Social Sciences?
Authors: Neck Reinhard 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper explains the role of methodological individualism as a methodology for the social sciences by briefly discussing its forerunners in economics and sociology, especially in the works of Carl Menger and Max Weber, followed by some comments on Karl Popper’s and other critical rationalists’ contributions as well as rational choice theories. Some recent arguments against methodological rationalism are then provided, including counterarguments, mainly based on exemplary work by economists and sociologists. This paper proposes a scheme for analyses using (weak) methodological individualism, in particular, arguing that evolutionary approaches to the explanation of economic and other social phenomena that accord with methodological individualism suggest that it is a successful and progressive methodology for economics and sociology.