bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P06-09 Data processing with the short questionnaire to assess health enhancing physical activity (SQUASH): an update
Authors: Duijvestijn Marjolein , de Hollander Ellen , van den Berg Saskia , Wendel-Vos Wanda 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
The Short Questionnaire to Assess Health Enhancing Physical Activity (SQUASH) is a widely used questionnaire, and used for monitoring prevalence rates of physical activity(PA) in the Netherlands. To provide a standardized protocol for data processing and analysis of the SQUASH, an analysis guide was published in 2004. However, since then, the compendium of Metabolic Equivalent (MET) values of PA has been updated, and new PA guidelines have been developed. The new PA guidelines differ from the old ones in terms of the appropriate amount of active time (150 minutes/week versus 5 days/week 30 minutes), decrease in cut-off point for moderate intensity (adults 18-54 years of age) and adding a bone- and muscle strengthening component. Therefore, the protocol for data processing and analysis of the SQUASH needs to be updated. In this study, results from the old and new protocol demonstrate the differences in adherence rates between the two sets of guidelines in the Netherlands for the adult population.

Methods
Data of a nationally representative sample of 6942 participants aged 18 years and older were used to calculate adherence to the old and the new PA guidelines by using the original and the updated protocol. In the new protocol, the MET-values of the activities including sports were adjusted according to the 2011 Compendium. Moderate intense activity was defined as ≥ 3.0 MET irrespective of age and the bone and muscle strengthening component was added.

Results
Adherence to the old Dutch PA guidelines is 48.1% among adults aged 18-54 years, and 74.4% among adults 55 years and older. For the new PA guidelines the adherence is 48.4% and 38.1% respectively. The large difference for adults 55 years and older is due to changes in the cut-off values for moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA and the addition of bone and muscle strengthening exercises.

Conclusions
The updated protocol for data processing and analysis of the SQUASH describes the steps to calculate the new PA guidelines in a structured way and gives researchers the opportunity to work with the data from the SQUASH in a uniform way. The SPSS syntax for data processing is available at: www.sportenbewegenincijfers.nl/methoden.
P06-15 What makes physical activity interventions work in Ireland: findings from interviews with those involved with intervention implementation
Authors: Murphy Joey 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Understanding the common facilitators and challenges experienced by those implementing physical activity (PA) interventions in Ireland is crucial for both promoting good practices and solutions to overcome such challenges in the future. The purpose of this study was to interview relevant stakeholders to identify factors associated with implementing PA interventions in Ireland.

Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with service providers, coordinators, funders, researchers and policy makers involved with selected PA interventions (N = 11) in Ireland. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) was used to guide the generation of an interview script including key questions and prompts. Prompts were identified through a short survey that was completed by participants before the interview. Interviews lasted approximately one-hour and were conducted by the same interviewer, either in person or over the phone, and recorded using a Dictaphone. All interviews were transcribed and cleaned before being analysed using NVIVO. Open coding, using the CFIR domains as a guide, was used to generate and agree on a code book to analyse all interviews. Once open coding was complete, thematic analysis was used to identify themes in the data related to implementation facilitators and challenges.

Results
Thirty-eight purposely sampled participants took part in the semi-structured interviews (26.3% service providers, 31.6% coordinators, 10.5% funders, 15.8% researchers, 15.8% policy makers). Some themes related to 1) intervention characteristics included usability, costs, fidelity and practical considerations, 2) characteristics of individuals included constraints, knowledge and attitudes, 3) inner setting included support, staffing, understanding or awareness, 4) outer setting included role responsibility, context changes, partnerships, 5) processes of implementation included advertisement, deliver and scale-up. Relationships were also noted between themes. For example, themes identified for funding and stakeholder engagement were found to influence multiple domains of the CFIR framework.

Conclusion
Findings from these interviews help to understand the complexity of implementing PA interventions in the Irish context. Furthermore, the findings can be used to aid implementation through the facilitators identified and provide solutions to common challenges experienced by those involved in implementing PA interventions. Future work will see the creation of an implementation toolkit using these findings.
P07-01 Prescription of adapted physical activity: knowledge and needs among general practitioners of Ile-de-France
Authors: Astruc Alexis , Blanchard Jean-Christophe 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Physical inactivity is the fourth leading cause of death in the world. In France, the concept of medical prescription of physical activity (PA) adapted now appears in a law which specifies the central role of the family physician since December 2016. The needs of the general practitioners (GP) about prescription of PA has not been studied.

Aim
To assess the knowledge and needs of GPs regarding the medical prescription of PA.

Methods
This is a transversal observational epidemiological study of GPs working in the departments of Hauts-de-Seine (92) and Val-de-Marne (94) near Paris. A questionnaire was sent by mail or email. A descriptive statistical analysis was conducted to describe the main variables of interest. Then, a multivariate statistical analysis by logistic regression was conducted to look for independent factors of the feeling of competence in the prescription of adapted PA.

Results
158 physicians were included. 72.2% of GPs rated their knowledge in PA as average to very poor. The initial training in PA is estimated as unsatisfactory by 84.2% of GPs. 81.6% haven't done a postgraduate additional training in PA. A specific skill in sports medicine, the individual practice of PA as well as the speaking about PA in more than 50% of consultations are significantly associated with a feeling of competence in PA prescription (p &gt;0.01).
Among the measures favoring the prescription of PA, GPs told that they need information brochures to give to the patient (60.8%), a website of help to the prescription of PA which can be used in consultation (60.1%), or the organization of a specific training on the medical prescription of AP (50,6%).

Conclusion
The lack of training seems to be the major obstacle to the generalization of prescription of PA. The organization of training or the creation of specific tools for the attending physician seems to be promising solutions.
P08-10 Clustering of unhealthy lifestyle factors in occupational groups in the Swedish workforce
Authors: Väisänen Daniel , Kallings Lena , Hemmingsson Erik , Ekblom-Bak Elin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
The physical activity pattern of the population, as well as the tasks of different occupational groups, have changed over the past decades. Hence, studies within and between different occupational groups, and not just between white and blue collar workers, are central for current risk group analyses. The aim was to study clustering of unhealthy lifestyle factors in different occupational groups in a large sample of men and women from the Swedish working population.

Methods
72,855 individuals aged 18-75 years (41% women) from the Swedish working population who participated in a nationwide occupational health service screening between 2014-2019 were included in this cross-sectional descriptive study. Nine different occupational groups were identified based on the International Standard Classification of Occupation 2008. Exercise, diet, smoking habits and perceived health were self-reported. Cardiorespiratory fitness was estimated using a submaximal cycle test. Blood pressure and BMI was assessed through physical examination. Logistic regression modelling assessed OR (95%CI) for clustering of unhealthy lifestyle factors, defined as ‘3 of the following; low exercise, poor diet, daily smoking, poor perceived health, low fitness, high blood pressure and high BMI in the different occupational groups.

Results
The OR (95% CI) for clustering of unhealthy lifestyle factors were, compared to managers that served as reference, 1.00 (0.89-1.11) for professionals, 1.25 (1.11-1.39) for associate professionals, 1.93 (1.71-2.18) for clerical support workers, 2.40 (2.14-2.70) for service and sales workers, 1.63 (1.29-2.05) for agricultural, forestry and fishery workers, 2.23 (1.99-2.49) for craft and related trades workers, 2.52 (2.25-2.83) for plant and machine operators, and assemblers, and 2.62 (2.26-3.05) for elementary occupations. Comparing occupational groups within ‘service and sales workers’ and ‘plant and machine operators, and assemblers’, revealed significantly higher OR for professionals in care workers (OR2.92 (2.55-3.34)) and in drivers (OR 3.32(2.86-3.87)) compared to each of the main occupational groups.

Conclusion
There were large variations in clustering of unhealthy lifestyle-related factors between as well as within different white and blue collar occupations. This study suggest that targeted measures of health promotion are foremost needed in blue collar occupations, however with some white collar sub-occupations being at similar need as blue collar occupations.
P08-13 Physical activity increases social inclusion
Authors: Steffansson Marina , Pehkonen-Elmi Tuula 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Studies show that exercise improves self-esteem and improved self-esteem strengthens inclusion and prevents marginalization. Young people who have only completed primary school may incur additional costs of up to 370 000 euros for public administration over their lifetime, compared to those who educate themselves. In Pieksämäki, a physical activity intervention was developed for physically inactive young people not in education, employment or training (NEET) and it aims to improve their activity and thereby their social inclusion. The aim of the study was to evaluate the outcomes and the cost of the intervention.

Methods
The physical activity intervention includes a personal physical exercise plan, individual instruction and free access to the swimming hall and gym during the participation. Each participant gets as much guidance as they need. We present results only for three cases, because the target group was very challenging. The follow-up period was 12 months.

Results
To evaluate the outcomes we used three subjective measures, 3X10D® (survey-self-evaluation tool), the Abilitator®, and 15D (HRQoL, the health-related quality of life instrument). The 3X10D® showed that life as a whole and self-esteem improved in two cases. In all three cases managing in daily activities improved. However, the Abilitator® showed slight improvement in wellbeing and clear improvement in physical functioning in all three cases. We obtained 15D results only from two cases. In one case HRQoL decreased slightly and in the other one it increased significantly. The employment status of these three cases changed. In the beginning there was an unemployed person, a person having only 9-year basic education and a drop-out from vocational education. After the intervention the unemployed person was working, and the other two were studying. Depending on the number of visits to the physical exercise instructor and other physical activities the costs of the intervention varied between 1042 and 1215 euros.

Conclusions
Based on the results physical functioning and self-esteem improved and that can lead to stronger social inclusion. Although the three individuals underwent intensive individual instruction, the costs were low compared to the costs of social exclusion reported in earlier researches.
P08-16 Neighborhood walkability and older people's participation in leisure activities
Authors: Tuomola Essi-Mari , Keskinen Kirsi , Rantanen Taina , Portegijs Erja 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
The neighborhood environment may enhance or restrict older people's opportunities to participate in leisure activities, and thus impact quality of life. Walkability depicts the environment's suitability for walking to different destinations. Little is known concerning about the relation between environment walkability and participation in leisure activities. Our purpose was to study whether neighborhood's objective and perceived walkability were related to participation in various leisure activities outside the home.

Methods
Cross-sectional data of LISPE consisted of 848 community-dwelling people aged 75-90 living in the municipalities of Jyväskylä and Muurame, Finland. Participants' home addresses were geocoded, and walkability index (mixed land-use, street connectivity, and population density) was calculated using geographic information system and categorized into tertiles. From a checklist, participants chose all infrastructure-based facilitators present in their neighborhood, which draw them to outdoor mobility (e.g., good lighting, services close); the sum of these was used as an indicator of perceived walkability. Participation in leisure activities outside the home was self-reported based on frequency and classified as participation (yes/no) in group activities (≥1x/week), physical activity (≥1x/week), and non-group cultural and other activities (≥1x/month). For each leisure activity type, logistic regression models were conducted for walkability index and perceived walkability separately. Analyses were adjusted age, sex, years of education, weekly car use, walking difficulties, and number of chronic conditions.

Results
Logistic regression showed that the older people who lived in areas with high walkability index were more likely to participate in cultural and other activities activity at least once a month (OR = 1.64, 95% Cl = 1.14-2.36) and less likely to participate in physical activity at least once a week (OR = 0.61, 95% Cl = 0.39-0.94, fully adjusted model) than older people living in areas with low walkability index. Older people reporting higher perceived walkability participated more often in physical activity than those who reported lower walkability (OR = 1.14, 95% Cl = 1.05-1.23).

Conclusions
Living in the area of high walkability enhanced participation in cultural activities and decreased participation in physical activity. However, higher perceived walkability may motivate older people to be physically active. Environment which offers good infrastructure for outdoor mobility provides opportunities to participate in specific leisure activities.
P09-04 Sedentary time measured by GT3X+ accelerometry and its variation with grade level and gender among children and adolescents in Morocco
Authors: El Hamdouchi Asmaa , El Harchaoui Imane , Benjeddou Kaoutar , El Menchawy Imane , Safsaf Naima , Saeid Naima , El Kari Khalid , Elmzibri Mohammed , Baddou Issad , Aguenaou Hassan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Sedentary behavior (SB) in children is related to different health outcomes such as overweight and cardio-metabolic diseases. These negative effects have been widely supported by evidence. However, no data on sedentary time (ST) among Moroccan children has been available, yet. Therefore, the present study examined gender and grade differences in objectively measured sedentary behavior in a sample of Moroccan primary school children and adolescents.

Methods
In total, 172 Moroccan children/adolescents aged between 8 to 14 years old (mean age = 10.92 ± 1.55 years; 49.4% were boys) completed the survey. School grade, gender, height, and weight were collected by questionnaires and ST objectively measured using a tri-axial accelerometer (GTX3+). Study required at least 3 valid weekdays and 1 weekend day with? 600 min/day total wear time. Two-way analysis of covariance and logistic regression analyses, adjusted for BMI z-score and accelerometer wear time, were used to examine gender and grade differences in ST.

Results
Mean time spent in SB was 535.93 ± 87.15 min/day or ∼ 62.94% of the average daily accelerometer wear time of 851.45 ±51.35.min/day with statistical differences between weekend and week days (471.357 ± 127.73 minutes/day vs. 559.7661± 90.75 minutes/day; p &gt; 0.001). Adolescents (11-14y) were more involved in sitting tasks when compared to the early grades (8-10y). 550.011±88.827 vs. 521.845±83.602 respectively; p &gt; 0.001.

Conclusion
ST increases between ages 11 and 14 years. On week days children and adolescents spent sitting longer than at weekends. Girls and adolescents were identified as potential risk groups. This report on ST presents valuable information for designing and implementing interventions to decrease time spent in SB among children during class time.
Acknowledgements
This study was performed with the support of the International Atomic Energy Agency (CRP E4.30.24; RAF 6042).
P09-06 Getting a grip on sitting behaviour
Authors: Duijvestijn Marjolein , van den Berg Saskia , Wendel-Vos Wanda 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Sedentary time (sitting) has been associated with adverse cardio-metabolic consequences. The general recommendation is to interrupt long periods of sitting. In order to successfully develop interventions and policies to decrease sedentary behaviour, high-risk groups as well as the context of sitting should be identified. The aim of this study was to investigate sedentary behaviour among (subgroups of) the Dutch population and to identify in which domains most sedentary time was spent.

Methods
Data from the 2017 Dutch national Health Interview Survey was used, which includes a nationally representative sample of 8,441 Dutch citizens aged 4 years and older. Sedentary time on an average day was assessed using an adjusted version of the Marshall questionnaire. Sitting domains were defined as: 1) traveling, 2) at work, 3) at school or studying 4) watching television, 5) using a computer/smartphone at home, and 6) otherwise. Total sedentary time was analysed stratified by age, sex and level of education with ANOVA and Bonferroni correction.

Results
On average the Dutch population accumulates 9,0 hours/day of sedentary time. Overall, participants accumulated most sedentary time while watching television (2.2 hours/day) followed by sitting at work and other activities (both 1.7 hour/day). Significant differences (p &gt; 0.001) were found by sex, age group and level of education. Men reported slightly more sedentary hours than women (9.2 vs. 8.8 hours/day). With respect to age groups, adolescents (12-17 years old) reported the highest, whereas children (4-11 years old) reported the lowest sedentary hours (10.1 vs. 7.3 hours/day). Finally, sedentary hours were high for higher educated people (9.7 vs. 8.2 hours/day in lower educated people). Adolescents accumulated most sedentary time at school or during studying (4.0 hours/day), higher educated people accumulated most sedentary time at work (3.4 hours/day).

Conclusions
Our study showed that in general Dutch people spend a lot of time sedentarily, especially adolescents and higher educated people. Most sedentary times was spent while watching television, at school or during studying, and at work. Therefore interventions aiming to decrease sedentary behaviour in the home environment, the occupational as well as the educational setting are of importance to implement.
P10-01 Acceptability of videoconferencing physical activity intervention among elderly in rural areas: qualitative study
Authors: Hayotte Meggy , Thérouanne Pierre , Vuillemin Anne , Van Hoye Aurélie , d'Arripe-Longueville Fabienne , Seytor Laure-Anne 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Elderly's sustainable engagement in an active lifestyle is a complex phenomenon, implying a plurality of physical, psychological and environmental barriers and facilitators. One of the key factors limiting physical activity (PA) in rural area is the lack of accessibility to PA offers. The use of videoconferencing is a promising solution in terms of acceptability and efficiency to promote PA. However, the acceptability (initial stage of the technology adoption process) of the videoconferencing is still underexplored, as well as its role in promoting PA in rural areas. The purpose of this study was to explore, through the perceptions of the elderly and policymakers, the mechanisms of acceptability of the development of PA interventions using videoconferencing for elderly living in rural areas.

Methods
Elderly (n = 10) and policymakers (n = 12) from 11 different rural town of the South of France participated in the study. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted, where a video presentation of PA interventions using videoconferencing was played as support. The interview guide assessed the acceptability of this type of intervention through the following themes: (1) perceptions of benefits, (2) barriers, and (3) intentions of use.

Results
Preliminary results showed shared perceptions between elderly and policymakers for barriers (e.g., lack of real social ties, lack of technological equipment) and benefits (e.g., breaking loneliness, overcome weather conditions). However, intentions of use are heterogeneous according to individual characteristics (e.g., “young” elderly between 60 to 65 years are more favourable to the use of technologies) and the specificity of towns (e.g., in the smallest towns with less than 500 people, elderly are less inclined to change their habits).

Conclusions
This study showed that the development of videoconferencing PA intervention could be accepted by elderly living in rural areas, taking into account some conditions (e.g., offer as punctual and non-regular use, set up individual support for the use of technology). Additional quantitative studies should be conducted for a more comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing the videoconferencing PA intervention acceptability in rural areas.