bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Refinement of seminorm and numerical radius inequalities of semi-Hilbertian space operators
Authors: Bhunia Pintu , Nayak Raj Kumar , Paul Kallol 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLet𝓗be a complex Hilbert space andAbe a non-zero positive bounded linear operator on𝓗. The main aim of this paper is to discuss a general method to developA-operator seminorm andA-numerical radius inequalities of semi-Hilbertian space operators using the existing corresponding inequalities of bounded linear operators on𝓗. Among many other inequalities we prove that ifS,T,X∈𝓑A(𝓗), i.e., ifA-adjoint ofS,T,Xexist, then2∥S♯AXT∥A≤∥SS♯AX+XTT♯A∥A.$$2\|S^{\sharp_A}XT\|_A \leq \|SS^{\sharp_A}X+XTT^{\sharp_A}\|_A.$$Further, we prove that ifT∈𝓑A(𝓗), then14∥T♯AT+TT♯A∥A≤18(∥T+T♯A∥A2+∥T−T♯A∥A2)≤18(∥T+T♯A∥A2+∥T−T♯A∥A2)+18cA2(T+T♯A)+18cA2(T−T♯A)≤wA2(T).$$\begin{align*} & \frac{1}{4}\|T^{\sharp_{A}}T+TT^{\sharp_{A}}\|_A\\ \leq & \frac{1}{8}\bigg( \|T+T^{\sharp_{A}}\|_A^2+\|T-T^{\sharp_{A}}\|_A^2\bigg)\\ \leq & \frac{1}{8}\bigg( \|T+T^{\sharp_{A}}\|_A^2+\|T-T^{\sharp_{A}}\|_A^2\bigg) +\frac{1}{8}c_A^2\big(T+T^{\sharp_{A}}\big)+\frac{1}{8}c_A^2\big(T-T^{\sharp_{A}}\big)\leq w^2_A(T). \end{align*}$$HerewA(⋅),cA(⋅) and ∥⋅∥AdenoteA-numerical radius,A-Crawford number andA-operator seminorm, respectively.
Synchronizing a synchronverter to an unbalanced power grid using sequence component decomposition
Authors: Quintero-Duran Michell J. , Candelo-Becerra John E. , Posada Johnny 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe synchronverter is a device used in some microgrids to perform self-synchronization and represent the behavior of a synchronous machine. However, the original control has been proposed for balanced networks, which is not present in all distribution systems. In unbalanced networks, the negative sequence may appear and generate a double frequency oscillation when delivering power or a non-symmetrical current from the inverter; thus, it must compensate unbalanced load. Therefore, this article shows that a synchronverter can be synchronized using the positive sequence even when there are voltage unbalances. The proposed strategy was simulated in the Simulink-Matlab© software, considering an unbalanced power grid with a single inverter and a load. The results confirm the effectiveness of this strategy, as the synchronverter can follow the grid frequency and the wave shape amplitude after starting the frequency droop control.
Verzeichnungskorrektur einer omnidirektionalen Kamera durch 3D-Referenzobjekte
Authors: Sigel Andre , Heinrich Andreas 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungZur Verwendung von Bildaufnahmen zu messtechnischen Zwecken werden verzeichnungsfreie Bildaufnahmen benötigt. Besteht durch die Rahmenbedingungen des Optikaufbaus keine Möglichkeit verzeichnungsarme Optiken zu verwenden, können verzeichnete Bildaufnahmen nachträglich durch Software-Algorithmen korrigiert werden. In dieser Publikation wird ein solcher Vorgang zur Korrektur radialer Verzeichnungseffekte für einen 3D-Lichtschnittsensor dargestellt. Der Kalibriervorgang wurde für einen 3D-Sensor entwickelt, findet jedoch mit Bildern in 2D statt. Die Auswahl passender Kalibrierobjekte sowie die Beschreibung der Verzeichnungseffekte durch eine entsprechende Korrekturfunktion basierend auf einer Taylor-Reihe wird in der Publikation dargestellt. Der Korrekturvorgang findet durch einen Optimierungsalgorithmus statt und wird zur Minimierung einer Gütefunktion genutzt, welche verbleibende Verzeichnungsfehler beschreibt. Der dargestellte Vorgang beinhaltet eine Verzeichnungskorrektur mit einer Genauigkeit im zweistelligen Mikrometerbereich für ein Weitwinkelobjektiv.
In the zone: Work at the intersection of trade and migration
Authors: Gordon Jennifer 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Trade and immigration are generally described as separate dimensions of globalization. This Article challenges that story by focusing on settings where states and private actors are bringing the two together to achieve disparate economic and policy goals. In one of the two sets of cases analyzed here, governments in the Global South are seeking to increase trade through the use of migrant labor, attracting transnational firms to export manufacturing zones by importing lower-cost workers from other countries. In the other, policymakers in the Global North are seeking to decrease immigration through the use of trade by investing in export processing zones in migrant origin countries, on the theory that more trade, and the employment it creates, will deter onward migration to the Global North.
I use these contexts as the starting point for a reconsideration of core ideas in trade and migration policy and theory. In the first set of cases, governments are constructing a comparative advantage in labor from whole cloth, by bringing in workers from other countries on terms that restrict their freedom and subject them to exploitation at work. This challenges the usual description in the trade literature of labor cost as a natural phenomenon based on local wage and productivity levels, and thus a legitimate source of advantage in trade. Meanwhile, transnational firms that locate production in such export processing zones sidestep the ordinary choice between benefiting from global wage differentials by moving work overseas or by hiring migrant workers. Instead, they do both simultaneously, a strategy I term “double labor arbitrage.” I explore the ways in which the construction of comparative advantage and double labor arbitrage operate together to extract additional value from workers for the benefit of states and corporations. With regard to the second set of cases, I draw on recent empirical economic scholarship to challenge the argument that more trade will decrease emigration. More profoundly, I question the normative justification for these proposals, given the treatment of workers in the zones. Although proposed as a “solution” to immigration, I argue that they are much more likely to deepen the problems that drive it.
Immigration and trade law do not bar any of the developments I analyze here. The question is whether they should. This Article—the first step in a larger project—launches that inquiry.
Blas as sites for the meso-level dynamics of institutionalization: A cross-sectoral comparison
Authors: Kurlander Yahel , Cohen Avinoam 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this Article we seek to shift the focus from the texts of bilateral labor agreements (BLAs) to the context of their emergence and materialization. We argue that to study BLAs and evaluate their consequences and potential relevance, they must be read from the perspective of processes of institutionalization that shape the paths of different agreements. In Israel, a cross-sectoral comparison of the agricultural and construction sectors reveals that different agreements did not follow the same path and institutionalization process. The Israel-Thailand agreements for the agricultural sector and the agreements regulating migration to the construction sector did not generate similar dynamics of institutionalization. In both sectors, BLAs transformed recruitment practices and led to a sharp decrease of illicit migration costs extracted in the process. Yet due to differences in the structure of the sectors and the expected skill level of workers, significant variations remain, most notably in the effect of BLAs on the permit and quota system and in the rise of paths to import labor outside BLAs. Based on this cross-sectoral comparison, we offer in this Article a grounded analytical perspective for examining and evaluating BLAs in context. In discussing our suggestions, we will project our analysis to the more recent agreement covering the live-in care sector that is currently the largest employing sector of guest-workers in Israel.
Bilateral agreements, precarious work, and the vulnerability of migrant workers in Israel
Authors: Kushnirovich Nonna , Raijman Rebeca 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We examine the short-term and long-term impact of bilateral agreements on migrant workers’ vulnerability during their employment in Israel. To do so, we developed the Vulnerability Index of Migrant Workers based on five dimensions: poor working conditions, poor living conditions, poor safety conditions, low wages, and dependence on migration costs.
We focus on migrant workers arriving in Israel from two different countries (China and Thailand), employed in two different sectors of the economy (construction and agriculture, respectively). Data was gathered through a survey conducted among workers arriving from both countries before and after the implementation of the bilateral agreements.
The study revealed that after the implementation of bilateral agreements, the working, living and safety conditions of migrant workers remained poor or even worsened. For Thai workers, there was a slight improvement in the working and living conditions in the short term after the bilateral agreement, but they worsened in the long run. The total Index of Vulnerability of both groups showed improvement due to the dramatic decrease in dependence on migration costs, despite the deterioration in some working and living conditions and the reduction in migrant workers’ relative wages.
Role of graphene-oxide and reduced-graphene-oxide on the performance of lead-free double perovskite solar cell
Authors: Nowsherwan Ghazi Aman , Hussain Syed Sajjad , Khan Mohsin , Haider Sabah , Akbar Isha , Nowsherwan Nadia , Ikram Saira , Ishtiaq Sabahat , Riaz Saira , Naseem Shahzad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Lead-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have sparked considerable interest in the optoelectronics research community and gained recognition in recent years due to their practical use in solar energy. The primary obstacles in producing PSCs are stability and toxicity due to the immersion of organic-cation and lead in perovskite material. This study presents an electrical simulation of a caesium–indium-based lead-free hybrid PSC using SCAPS-1D software. Spiro-MeOTAD is a typical hole transport material (HTM) used in PSC, although it has not always been suggested because of its high design cost and stability constraints. This study aims to evaluate the performance of lead-free double perovskite material as an absorber layer along with different hole transport materials (HTM). We discovered that the lead-free double perovskite combined with graphene-oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) produces the best results. Furthermore, the light-harvesting layer and HTM layer has optimized via thickness, defects, doping concentration, and temperature. The improved PSC structure achieves power conversion efficiency (PCE) of more than 24%, and the results of the optimized PSC have compared to the results of the experimentally implemented PSC. This work also used C–V measurements on the optimized structure to determine the device contact potential and doping concentration. The optimized results suggest a feasible future route for creating lead-free PSC with high productivity and free from stability or toxicity issues.
Back and forth? The role of labour market resources and segments for work-related exits from and returns to welfare benefit receipt in Germany
Authors: Lietzmann Torsten , Hohmeyer Katrin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe German economy has witnessed a stable upswing in the last decade. At the same time, receipt of welfare benefits did not decline substantially. In a dualised labour market and a welfare system under an activation paradigm (Unemployment Benefit II), many (former) welfare recipients face instable and lowpaid employment opportunities. Hence, returns to benefit receipt are rather common. Using administrative data and hazard rate models, we study the determinants of stable exits from welfare to employment focussing on the labour market segment after exit. Employment-related exits are slightly more common and significantly more stable than other exits. Labour market resources are associated with quicker employment-related exits, but not always with longer self-sufficiency. The stability of exits is also related to the economic sector and the type of employment. The results indicate that in addition to encouraging leaving welfare receipt, measures promoting good and sustainable employment are needed.
New finds of naked amoebae
Authors: Patsyuk M. K. 
Published: August 2022

Findings of naked amoebae in various habitats of Ukraine and other territories are presented. Saccamoeba sp., Thecamoeba similis (Greeff, 1891) Lepşi, 1960, Vexillifera bacillipedes Page, 1969, Vannella lata Page, 1988, Acanthamoeba sp., Willaertia magna De Jonckheere, Dive, Pussard & Vickerman, 1984 were identified based on morphological data and molecular genetic research methods. All these species of amoebae are characterized according to our own observations and measurements and the published data. The amoebae we found belong to three classes (Tubulinea, Discosea, Heterolobosea), six orders (Euamoebida, Thecamoebida, Dactylopodida, Vannellida, Centramoebida, Schizopyrenida), six families (Hartmannellidae, Thecamoebidae, Vexilliferidae, Vannellidae, Acanthamoebidae, Vahlkampﬁidae) and six genera (Saccamoeba, Thecamoeba, Vexillifera, Vannella, Acanthamoeba, Willaertia). W. magna was the least common in water bodies of different regions of Ukraine; Saccamoeba sp., V. bacillipedes in the studied water bodies are either uncommon species or occupy the middle position in terms of frequency of occurrence In the water bodies of Ukraine T. similis, V. lata, Acanthamoeba sp. are both the least common and the most common species, or occupy the middle position in terms of frequency of occurrence. The following ecological groups of naked amoebae have been identified in relation to temperature: eurythermal, psychrophilic stenothermal, thermophilic stenothermal. In relation to the concentration of dissolved oxygen in water: euryoxidic and stenooxidic. Three species of amoebae can withstand either a wide range of values of organic substances dissolved in water, or belong to stenobiont species. The recorded amoebae belong to monotactic (Saccamoeba sp.), striate (T. similis), dactylopodial (V. bacillipedes), fan-shaped (V. lata), acanthopodial (Acanthamoeba sp.) and eruptive (W. magna) morphotypes.
The suitability of physical and chemical properties of rocks for land reclamation in different subzones of the Ukrainian Steppe
Authors: Havryushenko Oleksandr O. , Mytsyk Oleksandr O. , Kharytonov Mykola M. , Honchar Natalia V. , Babenko Mykhailo G. , Pashova Valentyna T. , Tkalich Yuriy I. 
Published: August 2022

The study of the properties of disturbed soils and rocks makes it possible to establish the parameters of the natural fertility of the studied substrates, to detect limiting factors, and to determine a set of restoration measures. The tested overburden rocks with the largest stratigraphic share of the open-pit quarries of the Nikopol manganese and Kerch iron ore deposits were loamy-like loess (Quaternary) and grey-green clay (Neogene). There is a certain parametric relationship between texture, density, porosity, the structural and physical state of different models of artificial reclaimed profiles. The composition and properties of rocks of edaphic structures of technosoils differ according to zonal natural and climatic conditions of the subzones of the Ukrainian Steppe. Loess-like loam and grey-green clay of the Kerch iron ore deposit are distinguished by a higher bulk density, lower porosity, and wilting moisture compared to samples from the Nikopol manganese ore basin. The use of the rotor complex leads to mechanical destruction and an increase in the content of small particles of rocks. Self-compacting processes occur to a large extent in multilayer structures. This pattern is observed at the boundary of the backfill differentiated in texture layers of technosoils. This indicates the existence of a barrier that prevents the relationship of edaphic properties between substrata stratums. Optimal ratio of clay minerals provides a rather high capacity of grey-green clay for water absorption. The model of technosoil composed of grey-green clay differs in a larger number of water-resistant micro-aggregates. The best conditions for land reclamation are connected with including grey-green clay in two- and three-layer constructions of technosoils, providing a waterproofing effect.
An enhanced fat extraction from Pycnanthus angolensis (African nutmeg) seeds using cellulase from Aspergillus niger strain BC23
Authors: Chiwetalu Marius Obiwanne , Ossai Emmanuel Chekwube , Enechi Osmond Chukwuma , Ugwu Christian Nnabuchi , Ozogwu Vincent E.O. , R. Okpala Charles Odilichukwu , Njoku Obioma Uzoma 
Published: August 2022

A promising extraction method for obtaining fat from Pycnanthus angolensis seeds through Aspergillus niger strain BC23 enzyme pretreatment and particle size reduction is presented in this work. The employed A. niger enzyme was produced from corn bagasse waste material, which served as the only source of carbon. P. angolensis seeds were dried, pulverized and subsequently sieved into two different particle sizes of 1.0 mm and 1.4 mm. This was followed by enzyme pretreatment prior to fat extraction. Results demonstrated that while the peak enzyme activity (121.036 U/mL) occurred on day 4 of fermentation, the maximum cellulase activity could be achieved at 60% saturation of ammonium sulfate purification. Compared with the results of water-treated and untreated seed samples, the fat yield, free fatty acid and iodine values of the enzyme-treated seed samples were considerably higher (P < 0.05). As peroxide value was less in the enzyme-assisted extracted fat, which pointed to a good-quality oil, the decreased refractive index suggested peak unsaturation. Despite considerable differences (P < 0.05) in refractive indices, fat’s specific gravity matched (P > 0.05) when enzyme-treated, water-treated and untreated samples were compared. On the whole, size reduction of P. angolensis seeds pretreated with A. niger cellulase enzyme to improve both fat quality and yield implied it as a useful inventory for confectionary as well as cosmetic industries.
Morphological and histological variations of human placenta in pregnancies affected with preeclampsia and gestational diabetes – A review
Authors: Vinod P Tanvi , Pushpalatha K  , Anusree K S  
Published: August 2022

The placenta is a transitory organ that is situated between the mother and the foetus. This vital organ which has nutritional, endocrine and immunologic functions so as to maintain pregnancy and promote fetal development. Several factors are related to the proper functioning of the placenta including foetal and maternal blood flow, appropriate nutrients, expression and function of receptors and transporters, and also the morphology of the placenta itself. Gestational hypertension and gestational diabetes are among the most frequent obstetric disorders during pregnancy. Pregnancies complicated with one or both of these disorders are also associated with adverse consequences for the mother and infant (both acute and long-term). Preeclampsia being one of the toxemias of pregnancy is a condition of increased blood pressure accompanied by proteinuria, edema or both. Various changes like increased syncytial knots, cytotrophoblastic cell proliferation, villous stromal fibrosis and fibrinoid necrosis was observed in placenta from preeclamptic cases. Diabetes mellitus can be defined as a chronic disorder marked by high blood glucose levels and a disruption in fat and protein metabolism. In pregnancies affected by diabetes mellitus also several changes occur like placental size, increased glycogen deposits, increased volume of intervillous space and terminal villi, fibrinoid areas, and glycogen deposits compared to others.All these changes may result in functional changes in this organ thus limiting the wellbeing of the developing foetus. Therefore, this review as a whole gives an overview of morphological changes at macroscopic and histological levels seen in the placenta from gestational diabetes and preeclampsia.
Instructional strategies that foster reading skills of learners with intellectual disability: A scoping review
Authors: Jacob Udeme Samuel , Pillay Jace 
Published: August 2022

Effective learning and classroom interaction depend on learners’ reading skills. In essence, reading is the cornerstone of academic success. Thus, functional literacy enhances learners' abilities irrespective of their intellectual abilities. Learners with intellectual disability will have an improved ability to understand and apply the information learnt to real-life situations. This scoping review aimed to examine instructional strategies adopted to foster the reading skills of learners with intellectual disabilities. A database search of relevant studies revealed 522 academic papers. Only six articles met the inclusion criteria for an in-depth analysis of studies on the use of instructional strategies to improve reading skills among learners with intellectual disabilities. The study included in this review used six strategies to improve reading skills. Furthermore, all strategies except phonics-based instruction effectively enhanced reading skills. Based on these findings, we recommend that workshops be organized for professionals providing services to learners with intellectual disabilities on the advantages of applying appropriate instructional strategies to develop reading skills among learners with intellectual disability. Moreover, larger sample sizes are required in future studies to draw generalizable conclusions.
Key words: fostering; learners; instructional strategies; intellectual disability; reading skills
Macroeconomics E-book development: The role of literacies in blended learning
Authors: Suparno Suparno , Saptono Ari , Febriantina Susan , Narmaditya Bagus Shandy , Disman Disman 
Published: August 2022

Having literacies in economics and financial will be beneficial to enhancing individual and family well-being. The purpose of this research aims to produce an e-book on economic literacy. To achieve the purpose, this study adopted a research and development method. Media is developed through student analysis, state objectives, determine goals, choosing methods, media and materials, which require student participation, evaluation and revision. Product development was validated by material experts, media experts, and piloted on a limited scale. The results of this study indicate that the e-book as learning media is effective in contextual economic learning. Also, it is perceived as easy to use for self-study, and it effectively supports blended learning. However, the findings also noted that many students choose traditional classroom learning instead of using blended learning. Further researchers can develop e-book learning media that supports blended learning in other difficult subjects with limited time and access to learning.

Keywords: Economic Literacy, Macroeconomics, E-book, Blended Learning, Research Development