bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Individual Variable Speed Limit Trajectory Control Considering Stochastic Arriving Patterns
Authors: Li Qianwen , Yao Handong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Connected vehicles enabled by communication technologies have the potential to improve traffic mobility and enhance roadway safety such that traffic information can be shared among vehicles and infrastructure. Fruitful speed advisory strategies have been proposed to smooth connected vehicle trajectories for better system performance with the help of different carfollowing models. Yet, there has been no such comparison about the impacts of various carfollowing models on the advisory strategies. Further, most of the existing studies consider a deterministic vehicle arriving pattern. The resulting model is easy to approach yet not realistic in representing realistic traffic patterns. This study proposes an Individual Variable Speed Limit (IVSL) trajectory control problem at a signalized intersection and investigates the impacts of three popular car-following models on the IVSL. Both deterministic and stochastic IVSL models are formulated, and their performance is tested with numerical experiments. Results show that, compared to the benchmark (i.e., without speed control), the proposed IVSL strategy with a deterministic arriving pattern achieves significant improvements in both mobility and fuel efficiency across different traffic levels with all three car-following models. The improvement of the IVSL-Gipps’ model is the most remarkable. When the vehicle arriving patterns are stochastic, the IVSL improves travel time, fuel consumption, and system cost by 8.95%, 19.11%, and 11.37%, respectively, as compared to the benchmark without speed control.
Relationships between the fecundity of two bark beetle pests and the presence of antagonist
Authors: Resnerova Karolina , Schovánková Jolana , Horák Jakub , Holuša Jaroslav 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Although previous research has documented the occurrence of antagonists of bark beetles, the studies have only evaluated individual antagonists and have not assessed the overall effect of all antagonists on adult beetles. In this study, we determined which antagonists were associated with reduction in the fecundity and maternal gallery lengths of two important species of bark beetles: Ips typographus on spruce and I. cembrae on larch. We evaluated these relationships under natural conditions by collecting maternal females in galleries and dissecting and examining their internal organs. The antagonists in the I. typographus hemolymph had the most significant negative associations with fecundity and gallery length. These antagonists were mainly nematodes and parasitoids in the hemocoel. In contrast, a positive association was found between gregarine presence and I. typographus fecundity. No antagonist was found that was likely to significantly alter I. cembrae fecundity or maternal gallery length. Our study provides the first comprehensive assessment of antagonists that may have the potential to reduce the fecundity and thereby reduce the outbreaks of these bark beetles.
Optimization of Immune Receptor-Related Hypersensitive Cell Death Response Assay Using Agrobacterium-Mediated Transient Expression in Tobacco Plants
Authors: Huh Sung Un 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe study of the regulatory mechanisms of evolutionarily conserved Nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) resistance (R) proteins in animals and plants is of increasing importance due to the understanding of basic immunity and the value of various crop engineering applications of NLR immune receptors. The importance of temperature is also emerging when applying NLR to crops responding to global climate change. In particular, studies of pathogen effector recognition and autoimmune activity of NLRs in plants can quickly and easily determine their function in tobacco using agro-mediated transient assay. However, there are conditions that should not be overlooked in these cell death-related assays in tobacco. ResultsEnvironmental conditions play an important role in the immune response of plants. The system used in this study was to establish conditions for optimal hypertensive response (HR) cell death analysis by utilizing the paired NLR RPS/RRS1 autoimmune and AvrRps4 effector recognition system. The most suitable greenhouse temperature for growing plants was fixed at 22°C. In this study, RPS4/RRS1-mediated autoimmune activity, RPS4 TIR domain dependent cell death, and RPS4/RRS1-mediated HR cell death upon AvrRps4 perception significantly inhibited under conditions of 65% humidity. The HR is strongly activated when the humidity is below 10%. In addition, the leaf position of tobacco is important for the HR cell death. Position #4 of the leaf from the top in 4-5 weeks old tobacco plants showed the most effective HR cell death. ConclusionsAs genome sequencing of various crops continues, different types of NLRs and their functions will be studied. At this time, if we optimize the conditions for evaluating NLR-mediated HR cell death, it will help to more accurately identify the function of NLRs. In addition, it will be possible to contribute to crop development in response to global climate change through NLR engineering.
Sequence-dependent synergistic effect of aumolertinib-pemetrexed combined therapy on EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung carcinoma with pre-clinical and clinical evidence
Authors: Ao Luyao , Fang Shencun , Zhang Kexin , Gao Yang , Cui Jiawen , Jia Wenjing , Shan YunLong , Zhang Jingwei , Wang Guangji , Liu Jiali , Zhou Fang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Inevitably developed resistance of the third-generation ﻿epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) limited its clinical benefit on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Upfront combination therapy is promising to prevent this resistance. Compelling clinical evidence indicated the failure of third-generation EGFR TKIs combined with either immunotherapy or antiangiogenic agents. In comparison, combined treatment of third-generation EGFR TKIs and chemotherapy might be a favorable choice. Herein, we systematically analyzed and compared the effects of pemetrexed and a novel third-generation EGFR TKI aumolertinib combined in different sequences, ﻿subsequently revealed the potential mechanisms and proved the optimal combination ﻿schedule with clinical retrospective study.Methods: Three combination schedules involving pemetrexed and aumolertinib in different sequences were developed. Their inhibition effects on cell proliferation and metastasis were firstly compared upon three human NSCLC cell lines in vitro, by cell counting kit-8, colony formation, wound healing and transwell assays respectively. Further evaluation in vivo was proceeded upon H1975 and HCC827 xenograft model. Gene and protein expression were detected by Q-PCR and western blot. Drug concentration was determined by LC-MS/MS. VEGF secretion was determined by ELISA. Tumor vessel was visualized by immunofluorescence. Lastly, a clinical retrospective study was raised with 65 patients’ data.Results: The combination of pemetrexed and aumolertinib exhibited a sequence-dependent and EGFR mutant-dependent synergistic effect in vitro and in vivo. Only treatment with aumolertinib following pemetrexed (P-A) exhibited synergistic effect with stronger anti-tumor growth and anti-metastasis ability than monotherapy and also other combination sequences. This synergism could exclusively be observed in H1975 and HCC827 but not A549. Pathway analysis showed that P-A significantly enhanced the suppression of EGFR pathway. In addition, our results intriguingly found an obvious reduction of VEGF secretion and the accompanying normalization of the intratumor vessel, consequently increasing intratumoral accumulation of pemetrexed in P-A group. Finally, the clinical retrospective study verified the synergistic effect of P-A combination by significantly superior tumor response than aumolertinib monotherapy.Conclusions: Aumolertinib-pemetrexed combined therapy is promising for EGFR mutant NSCLC but only in right administration sequence. P-A could become an advantageous combination strategy in clinical with synergistic inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis.
A Real-Time Polyp Detection System with Clinical Application in Colonoscopy Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Krenzer Adrian , Banck Michael , Makowski Kevin , Hekalo Amar , Fitting Daniel , Troya Joel , Sudarevic Boban , Zoller Wolfram G. , Hann Alexander , Puppe Frank 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is still a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The best method to prevent CRC is a colonoscopy. During this procedure, the colonoscopist searches for polyps. However, there is a potential risk of polyps being missed by the examiner. Here the automated detection of polyps helps assist the examiner during coloscopy. In the literature, there are already publications examining the problem of polyp detection. Nevertheless, most of these systems are only used in the research context and do not attain clinical application. Therefore, we introduce a system scoring best on current benchmarks and implementing it fully for clinical-ready applications. Methods: To create the polyp detection system (ENDOMIND-Advanced), we combined our own collected data from different hospitals and practices in Germany with open-source data sets to create a data set with over 500.000 annotated images. Furthermore, we show different techniques for training a CNN on polyp detection that involves preprocessing, data augmentation and hyperparameter optimization. Additionally, we developed a post-processing technique based on video detection to work in real-time with a stream of images. This allows us to leverage the incoming stream context of the endoscope while maintaining real-time performance. Furthermore, the polyp detection system is integrated into a prototype ready for application in clinical interventions. Results: First, we show that our polyp detection system is state of the art by evaluating it on the CVC-VideoClinicDB benchmark with a F1-score of 90.24%. We compare the polyp detection system to the best system in the literature and achive better results in speed and accuracy. Additionally, we show its performance on our own data and introduce a new metric called the time to the first detection. This metric is given in seconds and shows how long AI systems need to detect a polyp for the first time. Finally, we further elaborate on the explainability of our system by showing heatmaps of the neural network explaining neural activations. Conclusion: Overall we introduce a fully assembled real-time system for polyp detection with application in clinical practice and show that the system outperforms current systems on benchmark data sets with real-time performance.
Comparative performance of hybrid generations reveals potential application of F2 hybrids in upland cotton
Authors: Chen Liangliang , Tang Huini , Zhang Xuexian , Qi Tingxiang , Guo Liping , Shahzad Kashif , Wang Hailin , Qiao Xiuqin , Zang Rong , Zhang Meng , Wu Jianyong , Xing Chaozhu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Heterosis has greatly improved productivity of cotton crop. However, major constraint for large-scale promotion of F1 hybrid cotton is artificial emasculation and pollination. This study through comparative evaluation of hybrid generations proposed potential utilization of F2 hybrids to improve upland cotton production.Aims：The current study aimed to compare F1 and F2 hybrids and combine with the breeding practice of strong hybrid cotton to select the best combination of heterosis, provide reference for the feasibility of parental selection and utilization of F2 heterosis in China.Methods:We analyzed eight upland cotton varieties and made crosses according to NCⅡ incomplete diallel cross breeding design in two cotton belts of China.Results: The results showed that Variance analysis revealed significant differences for agronomic, yield and fiber quality in both generations and environments. The broad-sense heritability of agronomic and yield traits were relatively higher than quality traits. Furthermore, narrow sense heritability of some traits was higher in F2 than F1 generation under both cotton belts. Overall, parental lines Zhong901, ZB, L28, and Z98 were observed with maximum combining ability while combinations with strong special combining ability were ZB ×DT, SJ48 ×Z98, L28 ×Z98, and ZB ×851. The yield traits heterosis was predominant in both generations. However, the level of heterosis was altered with trait, hybrid combination, generation, and environment. Interestingly, L28×Z98 performed outstandingly in Anyang. Its lint yield was 24.8% higher in F1 and 11.6% in F2 than that of the control Ruiza816. The performance of SJ48 × Z98 was excellent in Alar which showed 36.5% higher LY in F1 and 10.9% in F2 than control Zhongmiansuo 49. Further results revealed most hybrid combinations had shown low level of heterosis for agronomic and fiber quality traits in both generations. Comparatively, ZB ×DT and L28×Z98 showed hybrid vigor for multiple traits in both generations and cotton belts. Moreover, lint yield can be improved independently in both cotton belts in these combinations.Conclusions: Through comparative analysis of variance, combining ability, and heterosis in F1 and F2 hybrids under different cotton belts, this study proposed potential utilization of F2 hybrids to improve upland cotton productivity in China.
QTL Analysis for Soybean (Glycine Max L. Merr.) Seed Storability in High-Temperature Storage Conditions
Authors: Jiamtae Pakanan , Hashiguchi Masatsugu , Lelapiyamit Intouch , Harada Kyuya , Gondo Takahiro , Tanaka Hidenori , Akashi Ryo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr. ) seeds are highly sensitive to the environmental conditions experienced in storage. The objectives of this study were to identify QTLs for soybean seed storability by evaluating seed viability and seed vigor and investigating candidate genes for these traits in detected QTL regions. These objectives will aid in developing soybean cultivars with a high capacity for storability. The seeds of 109 and 90 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between Misuzudaizu and Moshidou Gong 503 in 2010 and 2019, respectively, were used to evaluate seed viability by a germination test and seed vigor by an accelerated aging test, after storage under two temperature conditions (25 °C and 35 °C) for six months. Seed viability and seed vigor of Moshidou Gong 503 were higher than those of Misuzudaizu in both temperature conditions. The average seed viability and seed vigor of RILs decreased when stored at the higher temperature. A total of five QTLs were found for the two traits, seed viability and seed vigor, located in chromosomes A2, C2, and D1b. The Misuzudaizu alleles decreased seed viability and seed vigor at all detected QTLs. Most QTLs in this study were found near loci controlling seed viability, maturity, germination, seed hardness, and seed surface micromorphology, indicating that seed storability is related to these traits. In addition, two new QTLs were found that are associated with seed storability.
The Effects of Melatonin Intake on Biomarkers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Subjects with Breast Cancer: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Hashemi Fatemeh , Mousavi Noushin , Manouchehri-Ardakani Reza , Pourhanifeh Mohammad Hossein , Matini Amir Hassan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: To our knowledge, data on the effects of melatonin supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in subjects with breast cancer are scarce. This research was done to assess the effects of melatonin supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in subjects with breast cancer. Methods: This randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted on 40 subjects diagnosed with breast cancer aged >25 years old. Subjects were randomly assigned into two groups to take either melatonin (n=20) or placebo (n=20) for 24 weeks. Inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers were quantified at baseline and after the 24-week intervention. Results: After the 24-week intervention, compared with the placebo, melatonin supplementation significantly increased plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (+21.3±26.2 vs. -6.3±34.5 mmol/L, P=0.007), and decreased plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations (-0.2±0.3 vs. +0.1±0.2 µmol/L, P=0.002). We did not observe any significant effect of melatonin supplementation on other biomarkers of oxidative stress. Conclusions: Overall, melatonin intake for 24 weeks in patients with breast cancer had beneficial effects on TAC and MDA levels, but did not affect other biomarkers of oxidative stress.
Sustainable oxygen evolution electrocatalysis in aqueous 1 M H2SO4 with earth abundant, nanostructured Co3O4
Authors: Yu Jiahao , Garcés Felipe Andrés , González-Cobos Jesús , Peña-Diaz Maria , Rogero Celia , Giménez Sixto , Spadaro Maria Chiara , Arbiol Jordi , Barja Sara , Galan-Mascaros Jose Ramon 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Earth-abundant electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) able to work in acidic working conditions are elusive. While many first-row transition metal oxides are competitive in alkaline media, most of them just dissolve or become inactive at high proton concentrations where hydrogen evolution is preferred. Only noble metal catalysts, such as IrO2, are fast and stable enough in acidic media. Herein, we report the excellent activity and long-term stability of Co3O4-based anodes in 1 M H2SO4 (pH 0.3) when processed in a partially hydrophobic carbon-based protecting matrix. These Co3O4@C composites reliably drive O2 evolution a 10 mA cm−2 current density for > 40 hours without appearance of performance fatigue, and are the first of their kind to pass benchmarking protocols without incorporating noble metals. Our strategy opens a new venue towards fast, energy efficient acid-media water oxidation electrodes.
Determination of Streptomycin Residue in Imported and Locally Produced Honey in Kosovo
Authors: Rama Adem , Haziri Imer , Miftari Iliriana , Zuka Afërdita , Zhuri Blend , Latifi Arlind , Hasani Drilon , Latifi Fatgzim 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the occurrence of streptomycin residues of locally produced and imported honey collected from individual apiaries and retail markets during 2017 from six different regions (Gjilan, Mitrovica, Peja, Prizren, Prishtina, and Ferizaj) in Kosovo. In the present study, 155 honey samples have been qualitatively screened by enzyme-linked receptor-binding assays (ELISA). A descriptive statistic is used to provide the basic features of the sample and measure. In total, 45 (29%) samples were positive, while 110 (71%) were negative. Streptomycin residues were found in a considerable number of local honey samples, 34 out of 131 (25.9%), and imported honey, 11 out of 24 samples (45.8%), respectively. None of the positive samples has exceeded e maximum residue levels (MRL) stated by the European Union (EU) regulations. ELISA analysis demonstrated that streptomycin residues lie between 2.1–9.8 ng/mL. Regarding the regional distribution of the positive samples, most of them were from Ferizaj and Prizren Region. Based on these results, competent authorities should establish and maintain continuous honey monitoring programs to ensure Kosovo consumers', risk-free honey. Besides, there is a pressing need for additional research to accurately assess other aspects of this problem and identify effective corrective actions designed to reduce honey bee contaminants.
Identification of a tobacco-smoking induced mutation signature with biological and clinical significance in bladder cancer
Authors: Meng Xiang-Yu , Li Shuo , Shi Ming-Jun , Liu Wei-Huang , Chen Hao , Song Jian , Radvanyi Francois , Bernard-Pierrot Isabelle , Wang Fubing , Wang Xing-Huan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Tobacco-smoking is a known risk factor for bladder cancer (BCa). However, a typical tobacco-smoking induced mutation signature, COSMIC SBS4, established in lung and head-and-neck cancer, has not yet been virtually found in BCa. Methods: De novo mutation signature extraction was performed. Association of SBS4-like signature with tobacco-smoking and clinicopathologic and molecular features were analyzed with statistical and bioinformatics analysis. The role of AHR/CYP1A in BaP-induced carcinogenic effects was functionally investigated in RT4 and T24 cell lines. Results: We identified a mutation signature resembling the COSMIC SBS4 in a cohort of whole exome sequenced BCa tumors, with moderate contribution to the overall mutation load. Its relationship with tobacco-smoking was demonstrated given its transcriptional strand bias and association with tobacco-smoking history and other proven tobacco-induced mutation signatures, DBS2 and ID3. Load of this signature showed anti-correlation with APOBEC mutagenesis, enrichment in luminal unstable and depletion in stroma-rich molecular subtypes, and association with patients’ prognosis, tumor grade, tumor proliferation, immune infiltration, inflammation, IFN-response, and urothelial versus squamous differentiation. We computationally identified and functionally validated AHR/CYP1A axis as a pivot of tobacco-induced carcinogenesis in BCa. We proposed a hypothetic mechanistic model of tobacco toxicants-related BCa development and evolution in summary of the findings. Conclusions: A tobacco-smoking induced mutation signature with important biological and clinical significance is present in BCa. As a direct measurement of chronic tobacco genotoxic effects, it can be used for further investigations on BCa etiology and clinical management. AHR/CYP1A axis is essential in tobacco-induced carcinogenic process of BCa, which can be a potential target in BCa prevention and treatment.
Concordance between indirect fibrosis and steatosis indices and their predictors in subjects with overweight/obesity
Authors: Gaggini Melania , Vigna Luisella , Piazza Salvina Di , Gori Francesca , Tirelli Amedea Silvia , Bamonti Fabrizia , Maltinti Maristella , Napolitano Filomena , Chatzianagnostou Kiriazoula , Vassalle Cristina 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The non-invasive assessment of steatosis/fibrosis tried to overcome some of periprocedural risk of liver biopsy; for this several indices of steatosis and fibrosis in liver have been proposed. Aim: to evaluate concordance of non invasive fibrosis and steatosis indices in a large population of adult subjects at risk of NAFLD, and their relationship with different clinical and biochemical parameters.Methods: Indices of steatosis (fatty liver index-FLI), NAFLD liver fat score-NLFS)) and fibrosis (Fibrosis 4 (FIB-4), BARD, BAAT and FORN) were calculated in 1145 outpatients with overweight or obesity at risk for T2D and NAFLD. Indices were correlated with clinical variables.Results: Concordance between tests occurred in 81% of the overall values between FLI and NLFS, but was lower when comparing the other fibrosis scores (FIB-4 vs FORN 72%, FIB-4 vs BARD 36%, BARD vs FORN 46%, BARD vs BAAT 58%, FIB-4 vs BAAT 46%, BAAT vs FORN 62%). Each index was differently correlated with anthropometric, clinical and laboratory variables .Conclusion: Indices evaluated retain low concordance, clinicians should be aware of these differences between steatosis/fibrosis scores when expressing a differential liver disease diagnosis or assessing the progression of a known liver disease.Level of EvidenceLevel V, descriptive research.