bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dexmedetomidine attenuates hyperalgesia induced by brachial plexus root avulsion by restoring the GLT- 1 function via PKA signaling
Authors: Xu Xiaoying , Ren Zhiheng , Tang Ying , Zilundu Prince L. M. , Zhou Yingying , Li Wenfu , Hou Jiawei , Fu Yixin , Mai Yunlin , Huang Yu , Liaquats Zaara , Cheng Xiao , Ye Jiang-Hong , Zhou Li-Hua , Fu Rao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Chronic neuropathic pain often occurs with unclear mechanisms after brachial plexus root avulsion (BPRA) injuries. Emerging evidence suggests that the maladaptation of spinal glial glutamate transporter GLT-1 causes extracellular glutamate accumulation, contributing to central sensitization of chronic pain. Dexmedetomidine (DMET), an α2-adrenergic receptor (α2AR) agonist, widely used in the clinic as a sedative and analgesic drug, has been shown to inhibit glial activation. This study assessed DMET effects on BPRA induced pain and the possible involvement of GLT-1 regulation. Methods: The right C8 and T1 roots were avulsed to establish a lower trunk BPRA injury rat model and LPS-induced activation of rat primary cultured astrocytes. Then we used the molecular and behavioral assay combined with pharmacological manipulation to test the hypothesis that DMET attenuates the pain and neuroinflammation through restoring the GLT-1 function via PKA signaling.Results: The mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia appeared and reached the peak at 1-day post-injury (dpi) and persisted for at least 28 dpi. Notably, BPRA enhanced phosphorylated PKA levels, reduced GLT-1 expression, and caused an imbalance between anti- and proinflammatory cytokines in the affected spinal segments. Acute systemic or local DMET administration, at the un-sedative doses, demonstrated an analgesic effect. Moreover, a 3-days intrathecal DMET treatment ameliorated hyperalgesia and allodynia of BPRA injured rats by attenuating PKA phosphorylation, IL-1β, and IL-6, while restoring the levels of GLT-1, IL-4, and IL-10 in the spinal cord. Significantly, intrathecal administration of the selective PKA inhibitor H89 mimicked, but the PKA activator 8-Br-cAMP blocked DMET’s effects. Conclusion: Overall, these results suggest that PKA inactivation mediates DMET's analgesic effect for the pain induced by BPRA injury through the recovery of GLT-1 function.
An experimental study of conductivity reactivity index for assessment of cerebrovascular autoregulation in cerebral ischemic rabbits
Authors: Xu Jia , Li Haocheng , Jin Gui , Zhuang Wei , Bai Zelin , Sun Jian , Chen Mingsheng , Wang Feng , Yang Xu , Qin Mingxin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cerebrovascular autoregulation function is the mechanism ensuring the maintenance of constant cerebral blood flow by adjusting the caliber of cerebral vessels. It is important to have an effective noncontact tool for assessment and monitoring of the function in patients with acute ischemic stroke. The adjustment of intracranial arteriole caliber leads to changes in the conductivity of entire brain by relative changes in cerebral blood volume. Here, the electrical properties measurement of entire brain by magnetic induction phase shift with two contactless coils placed across the head is a valuable alternative to assess the function. Then, we proposed the correlation coefficient between spontaneous slow oscillations in arterial blood pressure and corresponding slow spontaneous oscillations in magnetic induction phase shift as a new index called conductivity reactivity index. The novel index is preliminarily confirmed the feasibility to monitor cerebrovascular autoregulation function after ischemic stroke on the animal experience. It has the potential to be used for noncontact, global, deep, bedside and real-time assessment of cerebrovascular autoregulation function of patients with cerebral ischemic stroke.
Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of the Pelvis: a single-center study of 17 cases
Authors: Deventer Niklas , Budny Tymoteusz , Gosheger Georg , Vaal Marieke , Burkhardt Jana , Deventer Nils 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND: The aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a benign, but locally aggressive cystic lesion of the bone. It usually occurs in the metaphysis of long bones of adolescents and young adults but can also affect the pelvis.METHODS: This single-center study is a retrospective review of 17 patients with primary ABCs of the pelvis. The patients were treated surgically, by polidocanol instillation and, in selected cases, transarterial embolization.RESULTS: 17 patients with the diagnosis of a primary ABC of the pelvis were included in the study. Six patients were male (35.3%) and eleven patients female (64.7%); the mean age was 17.6 (9-49) years. The mean follow-up time was 50.2 months (12-136 months). The most common location of manifestation was the pubis (6; 35.3%), followed by the ilium (6; 35.3%), the sacrum (3; 17.6%) and the ischium (2; 11.8%). Eight patients were treated by intralesional curettage with the use of adjuvants, one patient by marginal resection, seven by sequential instillation of polidocanol and one patient by simple observation. Five patients received an additional transarterial embolization. After intralesional curettage local recurrence was detected in 4/8 cases (50%). After instillation therapy six patients (85.7%) had a stable disease without recurrence, only one patient (14.3%) had a persistent disease with need of additional treatment and was therefore converted to intralesional curettage without local recurrence in the follow-up.CONCLUSIONS: Sequential instillations of polidocanol are a promising, minimally invasive treatment method for ABCs of the pelvis and can be well combined with transarterial embolization.
Developing a Hospital Accreditation Surveyors Model: Delphi Study
Authors: ghazanfari  , mosadeghrad  
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Accreditation surveyors determine the quality and safety status of hospital services by inspecting facilities, equipment and supplies; reviewing documents; interviewing staff, patients and their families; analyzing performance indicators; and informing the public in the form of an accreditation score. The Iranian hospital accreditation surveyors faces several challenges. The overall aim of this study was to develop a model for Iran national hospital accreditation surveyors model according to ISQua requirements. Methods: This research uses the modified Delphi technique to develop and verify a model of Hospital Accreditation Surveyors. The first draft of the Hospital Accreditation Surveyors model was introduced through a critical review of 20 pioneer accreditation models and semi-structured interviews with 151 key informants from Public, private, semi-public, charity and military hospitals in Iran. two rounds of Delphi were conducted with 28 experts of hospital accreditation to verify the proposed model. Panel members were selected from authors of research articles and key speakers in the area of hospital accreditation, senior managers of the country’s health system, university professors in the fields of health policy and management across the country.Results: A comprehensive model for hospital accreditation surveyors in two parts of conceptual and procedural was introduced and verified in this study. In this model, a set of criteria are developed for surveyor selection in the domains of personality, attitude, qualifications, work experience, knowledge and skills, and behavior. Ways of empowering surveyors and the content of basic, advanced, and continuous training courses were identified. Deployment, compensation, and composition of accreditation teams and the tasks assigned to the surveyors are also determined. Finally, the evaluation methods of surveyor and surveyor management plan are identified.Conclusion: A comprehensive hospital accreditation surveyors model was developed and verified. Systematic thinking is one of the advantages of the proposed model for Iranian hospital accreditation surveyors. In this model, special attention is paid to the selection, training, deployment, compensation, and evaluation of surveyors. Hospital accreditation bodies can use this model to develop or revise their hospital accreditation surveyors’ models.
Subclinical High Resolution Chest CT Scan Features In Psoriasis
Authors: Samrah Shaher M. , Qarqaz Firas , Obeidat Omar , Bataineh Zineb , Ramadan Anoud , Zubaidi Ghid Al , Alwani Mustafa , Abualnaaj Dina , Za’nouneh Fares J. Abu , Zoubi Khalid Al , Samrah Randa S. , Kubbara Aahd F. , Khassawneh Basheer Y. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Although psoriasis is considered a systemic disease, no clear association has been established between psoriasis and lung diseases. Methods: Adult psoriasis patients with no known active pulmonary disease or respiratory symptoms were screened for subclinical pulmonary manifestations and possible parenchymal changes using high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scan of the chest. Patients were classified according to the severity of skin manifestations. The clinical characteristics and radiographic findings of these patients were evaluated.Results: A total of 59 patients with psoriasis were included, among which 47 (79.7%) had abnormal HRCT scan features. Micronodules were the most common detected lung lesions (66.1%), followed by interlobular septal thickening (23.7%), fibrosis (11.9%), and ground-glass opacity (6.8%). Other HRCT findings included emphysematous changes and calcified granulomas. Abnormal HRCT findings correlated with older age and duration of psoriasis but not with the severity of skin manifestations.Conclusions: Micronodules and interlobular septal thickening were the most detected lung lesions in patients with psoriasis. These findings of the pilot study highlight the possible pulmonary involvement in patients with psoriasis. Larger multicenter studies are needed to further clarify these findings.
Unintended Consequences of An Analog Fix in A Digital Era: Transport Ventilators Associated with Significantly Longer Duration of Intubation for Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Durrance Richard Jesse , Johnson Keely , Dhamra Umaima , Davila-Molino Manuel , Ricker Sawyer , Sheth Nirali , Papademetrio Demetrius , Astua Alfredo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background:The first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic heavily impacted New York City, and stretched healthcare resources to the limits. The sudden spike in acutely ill patients with respiratory failure required the mobilization of the national stockpile of ventilators and a multitude of providers without expert ventilator training to meet the needs of patients. These ventilators do not display easily interpretable parameters of the ventilator-patient interaction, which could have a negative impact on patient care.Methods:A retrospective review of all adult patients admitted for at least 24 hours and requiring mechanical ventilation at a heavily impacted urban hospital in New York City during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic was undertaken. The type of ventilator (standard vs transport – or limited in display) was evaluated with respect to mortality, hospital length of stay, and factors associated with prolonged intensive care management of acute respiratory distress syndrome (sedation, analgesia, paralytics). Regression analysis was performed to evaluate for confounding factors.Results:From March 2, 2020 through May 9, 2020, 313 patients were included. Overall mortality was 84%. When compared to standard ventilators, patients placed on transport ventilators had significantly longer length of stay (17 days vs 9 days, p = 0.001), more days intubated (11 days vs 5 days, p = 0.007), longer duration of prone-positioning (5 days vs 3 days, p = 0.05), a greater need for sedation / analgesia (p < 0.001), and greater need for vasopressor support (p = 0.002). No difference in mortality (p = 0.41), barotrauma (p = 0.29), successful extubation (p = 0.77) or tracheostomy (p = 0.36) was observed.Conclusions:The lack of proper ventilation equipment is associated with prolonged hospitalization and critical illness. Given the economic and human burden that results from prolonged acute-care, it would benefit both patients and the healthcare system to recognize the infrastructure requirements required to respond to health crises of the future.
Benzyladenine Effects On Polyamine Contents And Proteomic Profiles During In Vitro Shoot Development And On Ex Vitro Rooting In Dalbergia Nigra (Vell.) Allemão Ex Benth. (Fabaceae)
Authors: Pessanha Lidia dos Santos , Aragão Victor Paulo Mesquita , de Oliveira Tadeu dos Reis , de Sousa Kariane Rodrigues , Silveira Vanildo , Santa-Catarina Claudete 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Dalbergia nigra is an endangered species from the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest, and in vitro propagation can be applied for the conservation of this species. The aim of this study was to establish in vitro propagation and ex vitro rooting in D. nigra and evaluate the alterations in polyamines (PAs) and protein profiles during shoot development. The effect of MS and WPM culture media on in vitro germination was tested (%). For shoot induction, explants of apical and cotyledonary nodal segments from 45-day-old seedlings were inoculated in WPM culture medium supplemented with benzyladenine (BA; 0, 2.5 and 5 μM). Shoots obtained in vitro without and with 2.5 μM BA were rooted ex vitro with different concentrations (0, 100 and 500 μM) of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The best growth of seedlings was obtained in WPM culture medium. Treatment with 2.5 μM BA significantly increased the length of shoots by increasing free putrescine contents and the accumulation of proteins associated with shoot elongation, such as aspartate aminotransferase, elongation factor, calreticulin-3, and cell division cycle protein 48. Ex vitro rooting was obtained in all treatments of IBA, and the use of auxin was not necessary. The BA used for shoot multiplication significantly affected rooting, reducing the induction and number of roots but increasing the length of roots. This study showed the relevance of cytokinin, PAs and proteomic profiles on in vitro shoot development, as well as the auxin and cytokinin balance on ex vitro rooting in D. nigra.
Approximate solutions of the biochemical reaction kinetics model for methane production from anaerobic digestion process of cellulose using sigmoid-weighted neural networks
Authors: Fard Saeed Panahian , Pouramini Jafar , Hafshejani Akram Safari 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Anaerobic digestion process is a spreading rapidly biotechnology for conversion of various organic wastes into bioenergy. This process can be modelled as a biochemical reaction kinetics. This approach is useful for analysis of the process. For this reason, efficient numerical methods are needed to solve this type of model. The main contribution of this study is to solve the biochemical reaction kinetics model for methane production from anaerobic digestion process of cellulose. This model provides a system of ordinary differential equations. For solving this system, a method is designed based on the universal approximation capability of a three layer feedforward sigmoidweighted neural networks with Adam optimization algorithm. This method is illustrated with numerical simulations. Moreover, the classical numerical methods such as Runge-Kutta method (RK45) and sigmoid neural networks are presented to show that all methods yield similar results.
Brief Overview of Dietary Intake, Gut Microbiota, Metabolic Markers and Research Opportunities in Sample of Egyptian Women
Authors: Hassan Nayera Elmorsi , Shebini Salwa M. El , El-Masry Sahar A , Ahmed Nihad H. , Kamal Ayat N. , Ismail Ahmed , Alian Khadija M , Mostafa Mohammed I , Selim Mohamed , Afify Mahmoud A.S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Back ground: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a phenotype caused by interaction of host intrinsic factors such as genetics and gut microbiome, and extrinsic factors such as diet and lifestyle. Aim: To demonstrate the interplay of intestinal microbiota with obesity, MetS markers and some dietary ingredients among sample of Egyptian women. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 115 Egyptian women; 82 obese (59 without MetS and 23 with MetS) and 33 normal weight ones. Anthropometric assessment, 24 hours dietary recall, laboratory evaluation of liver enzymes (AST and ALT), leptin, short chain fatty acids (SCFA), C-reactive protein (CRP), fasting blood glucose (FBS), insulin and lipid profile, in addition to fecal microbiota analysis were done. Results: The obese women with MetS had the highest significant values of anthropometric and biochemical parameters, and consumed diet high in calories, protein, fat and carbohydrate, low in fiber and micronutrients. Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes was the abundant bacteria among different gut microbiota, with low Firmicutes/ Bacteroidetes Ratio, and insignificant differences between the 3groups. Firmicutes/ Bacteroidetes Ratio significantly correlated positively with total cholesterol and LDL-C and negatively with SCFA. Conclusion: The dietary factor, dysbiosis and the metabolic product short chain fatty acids have been implicated in causing metabolic defects.
Maternal Knowledge and Breastfeeding Practices in Infants
Authors: Cardoso Isabella Barreto , Azevedo Luana Rebeca do Nascimento , Antunes Tainá , Santos Aline Beltrame dos , Masquio Deborah Cristina Landi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The study aimed to investigate maternal knowledge and breastfeeding practices in infants. This was a cross-sectional study, which involved 41 mothers of infants up to 2 years of age, users of one school, in the city of São Paulo. A questionnaire with closed questions was applied, containing: sociodemographic data, infant data, information on the practice of breastfeeding, maternal knowledge and previous guidance received on breastfeeding. Most of the mothers interviewed were between 30 and 39 years old, are married and have an extra-domestic occupation. It was noted that 100% of infants received breast milk for some period, 53.7% received infant formula and 12% had already received cow's milk. About 65.8% of mothers received previous guidance on breastfeeding. Most of the interviewees knew the recommended time of exclusive breastfeeding and the total duration of breastfeeding. The main reasons reported for early weaning were low milk production and return to work. Most of the mothers interviewed were aware of the benefits, recommendations and practices of breastfeeding and, for the most part, practiced them. However, mothers also showed to believe in beliefs and taboos on the subject.
The Determinant Factors that Hinders Urban Planning Implementation in Nekemte Town: The Case of 2008 Structure Plan
Authors: Negeri Mulatu Dinsa , Guta Mulugeta Soruma , Erena Sitotew Haile 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Urban structure plan is widely used plan in the process of urbanization and rapid urban spatial expansion. However, rapidly growing urban centers of Ethiopia are facing challenges to implement their structure plan within the time horizon. Thus, this study aims to investigate the determinant factors that hinder structure plan implementation in Nekemte town. Questionnaire survey, interview, observation and land use survey were used to collect data. Descriptive data analysis and regression model were used to analyze the data. The main findings of the study show that all identified factors: lack of active participation, lack commitment, political instability and lack of sufficient budget significantly contribute for the failure of structure plan implementation at P-value of 0.05. The regression analysis further indicated that, lack of community participation; − 0.0499 coefficients is the most determining factors and followed by customary land tenure and lack of awareness − 0.0489 and − 0.0468 coefficients respectively. Hence, future structure plan implementation endeavors of Nekemte city must be underpinned by inculcating Community participation and awareness of structure plan required to implement the plan to the expected level. Furthermore, use of modern technology like GIS and appropriate man power are also equally recommended to enhance structure plan implementation of Nekemte city.
A Preliminary Study of the Value of Personality Assessment in Medical School Admissions within the United States
Authors: Eveland Peter , Wilhelm Sabrina , Wong Stephanie , Prado Lissett G. , Barsky Sanford H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Allopathic medicine faces a daunting challenge of selecting the best applicants because of the very high applicant / matriculant ratio. The quality of graduates ultimately reflects the quality of medical practice. Alarming recent trends in physician burnout, misconduct and suicide raise questions of whether we are selecting the right candidates. The United States lags far behind the United Kingdom and Europe in the study of non-cognitive tests in medical school admissions. Although more recently, medical schools in both the United Kingdom, Europe and the United States have begun to use situational judgement tests such as CaSPER and the SJT, recently developed by the AAMC and that these tests are, in a sense non-cognitive in nature, direct personality tests per se have not been utilized. Although personality is one indelible component of the human condition, we have historically used, in the admissions process within the US, knowledge, reasoning and exam performance, all of which can be improved with practice.Methods: A popular personality measurement used over the past two decades within the US in business and industry, but not medical school has been the NEO-PI-R Test. This test has not been utilized in allopathic medicine probably because of the paucity of exploratory retrospective and validating prospective studies. The hypothesis which we tested was whether NEO-PI-R traits exhibit consistency between two institutions and whether their values show promise in predicting academic performance. Results: Our retrospective findings indicated both interinstitutional consistencies and both positive and negative predictive values for certain traits whose correlative strengths exceeded traditional premed metrics (MCAT, GPA, etc.) for early academic performance.Conclusions: Our exploratory studies should catalyze larger and more detailed confirmatory studies designed to validate the importance of personality traits not only in predicting early medical school performance but also later performance in one’s overall medical career.