bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Orwell the Broadcaster
Authors: Bloom Emily C. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
George Orwell’s work as a radio producer on the BBC’s Eastern Service during the Second World War was intensely collaborative, drawing him into close contact with a dense network of fellow producers and administrators, as well as a creative pool of writers and public intellectuals from the UK, India, and across the globe. This chapter focuses on one such collaboration, his broadcast series, “Story by Five Authors,” which he characterized as an experiment in collective authorship, soliciting contributions from Inez Holden, L. A. G. Strong, Martin Armstrong, and E. M. Forster. This literary experiment on air showcases Orwell’s attempts to imagine a new space for literature in a mass media age and, necessarily, to redefine the role of the writer who would inhabit this space. In the end, Orwell deems this a “failed experiment,” one that echoes the larger failure of BBC broadcasting to India.
The parsley genome assembly and DNA methylome shed light on apigenin biosynthesis in the Apiaceae
Authors: Liu Hui , Zhang Jia-Qi , Chen Chen , Wang Ya-Hui , Xu Zhi-Sheng , Zhao Qin-Zheng , Zhang Jian , Xue Jia-Yu , Xiong Ai-Sheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Parsley (Petroselinum crispum (Mill.)) is a medicinal and edible vegetable of the Apiaceae family that is rich in apigenin. The Apiaceae family is well known for its diverse secondary metabolites. As a high-quality reference genome is lacking for parsley, the evolution and apigenin biosynthesis in Apiaceae have remained unexplored. Here, we report the chromosome-level genome sequence of parsley, consisting of 1.85 Gb that mainly arose from the expansion of long terminal repeats. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) revealed a significantly higher number of hypermethylated differentially expressed genes (hyper-DMGs) in leaf blades and petioles than in root tissues. Moreover, we identified and characterized ﻿chalcone isomerase (CHI) genes, encoding key enzymes involved in apigenin biosynthesis in parsley. We also established that the APETALA2 family transcription factor Pcrispum_6.2855 (PcAP2) binds to the (Pcrispum_11.4764) PcCHI promoter and promotes apigenin accumulation. In conclusion, our work presents a multi-omics data resource for understanding apigenin biosynthesis and its transcriptional regulation in parsley, in addition to shedding light on the evolution of parsley within the Apiaceae.
The influence of improved wheat and maize varieties on infant mortality in China
Authors: Wang Xiaobing , Liu Xinyu , Min Shi , Jin Songqing , Huang Jikun , Rozelle Scott , Feng Jieyuan , Prasanna Boddupalli M 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The diffusion of high-yielding crop varieties has been a key driver for agricultural productivity. This study examines the relationship between the adoption of high-yielding crop varieties of two staple crops—wheat and maize—and infant mortality in rural China. Using data from 1954 to 1987, we find a significant reduction in infant mortality linked to high-yielding crop varieties diffusion, an association that remains robust even after excluding the Great Famine years. We investigate potential mechanisms driving this relationship, including increased grain production, improved infant nutrition, and changes in maternal characteristics. Additionally, our analysis unveils a spectrum of heterogeneous relationships between high-yielding crop varieties adoption and infant mortality across factors such as infant gender, maternal characteristics, and policy regulation. These findings reaffirm the positive and lasting benefits of dissemination of high-yielding crop varieties for human welfare and provide valuable policy insights for developing nations grappling with food and nutritional insecurity.
Correlation Functions Involving Dirac Fields from Homotopy Algebras I: The Free Theory
Authors: Konosu Keisuke , Okawa Yuji 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We extend the formula for correlation functions of scalar field theories in terms of quantum A∞ algebras presented in arXiv:2203.05366 to incorporate Dirac fields. We use a description that is analogous to string field theory, and the formula for correlation functions takes the same form for both scalar fields and Dirac fields. We prove that correlation functions from our formula satisfy the Schwinger-Dyson equations in the free theory. The proof for interacting theories is presented in the companion paper arXiv:2305.13103 by one of the authors. We also explain the relation of our formula to the definition of correlation functions in the approach by Costello and Gwilliam based on factorization algebras.
Attribution of colorectal cancer symptoms to medications for pre-existing chronic conditions: a secondary analysis of a vignette study in England
Authors: Ricciardi Giovanni E , Pennisi Flavia , Von Wagner Christian , Smith Lauren , Kaushal Aradhna , Abel Gary A , Lyratzopoulos Georgios , Renzi Cristina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the likelihood of attributing colorectal cancer (CRC) symptoms to medications for chronic conditions.

Methods
The online vignette survey included 1287 participants aged ≥50 years, with quota sampling to recruit sufficient participants with type 2 diabetes. Participants self-reported chronic conditions and answered questions on symptom attribution and help-seeking, after reading vignettes describing new-onset rectal bleeding or change in bowel habit. Using multivariable logistic regression, we analyzed the association between specific conditions and attributing new-onset CRC symptoms to medications, controlling for demographics.

Results
Among participants, 25% reported type 2 diabetes, 31% being overweight, 25% hypertension and 22% arthritis. Participants with diabetes, versus those without, had a higher likelihood of attributing change in bowel habit to medications [7% vs 3%; adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) 2.55, Confidence Interval (95% CI) 1.30–5.00]. This was also the case for participants reporting being overweight (7% vs 2%; aOR 2.36, 95% CI 1.25–4.44), arthritis (8% vs 3%; aOR 2.27, 95% CI 1.19–4.35), but not for hypertension. No significant association was found regarding attribution of rectal bleeding to medications.

Conclusions
Patients with common chronic conditions have a higher likelihood of attributing change in bowel habit to medications. Tailored information is needed for these patients, encouraging them to discuss any new symptom with their doctor.
Being Human: Envisioning the Future of Museum-Based Education for Health Professionals
Authors: Tackett Sean , Balhara Kamna S. , Ungaretti Toni , Yenawine Philip , Chisolm Margaret S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The arts and humanities are fundamental to health professions education and can substantially enhance clinician empathy, tolerance for ambiguity, and openness to new perspectives. Museum-based education for health professionals (MBE-HP) has particular potential to achieve these aims but remains a nascent field of practice and study. To catalyze the growth of MBE-HP, a convening of 50 individuals from the United States and Canada, including museum educators and health professions educators, administrators, researchers, and learners, as well as patrons of the arts, was held for 3 days in December 2023 in Washington, DC. Activities included 7 distinct MBE-HP experiences at 5 national museums as well as facilitated discussions. This article describes the purpose and design of this unique gathering and summarizes its key outcomes. Through their shared experiences and discussions, participants developed a definition of MBE-HP as an approach that can occur in museums, other in-person settings, and/or online, which is informed by museum-based education adapted for health professional learners and involves exploring and/or creating visual and other forms of art, as well as individual and group reflection on these activities. Participants also developed strategies to advance MBE-HP and steps that can be taken by individuals, programs, and institutions involved in health professions education, as well as changes that may influence health professions education systems, such as professional organizations’ sponsorship, private and public funding, evidence generation through research, and changes to regulations and policymaking. Museum-based education for health professionals is reaching critical mass, backed by science and supported by an increasing collection of resources for health professions educators; the definitions and strategies outlined here may be of value to stakeholders seeking to move MBE-HP into the mainstream to realize its potential to benefit learners, educators, patients, and communities.
Association Between Buprenorphine Adherence Trajectories, Health Outcomes, and Health Care Costs Among Medicaid Enrollees
Authors: Olateju Olajumoke A. , Okeke Chijioke , Shrestha Mina , Thornton Douglas 
Published: February 2025

Objectives:
To identify distinct buprenorphine adherence trajectories among patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) and evaluate their associations with health events and health care costs.

Methods:
A retrospective longitudinal cohort study was conducted using the Merative Multi-state Medicaid database. The study analyzed 12,244 Medicaid enrollees aged 18–64 years who were diagnosed with OUD and initiated buprenorphine treatment between July 1, 2017 and June 30, 2019. Group-based trajectory models were used to identify adherence patterns during the first 180 days of treatment. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the associations between adherence trajectories and time to opioid overdose, substance use disorder–related hospitalization, and all-cause hospitalization. Generalized linear models were used to compare health care costs across trajectories.

Results:
Four buprenorphine adherence trajectories were identified: completely adherent (50.8%), initially adherent with later decline (13.6%), increasing adherence with later decline (9.9%), and continuously declining nonadherence (25.8%). Compared to the completely adherent group, patients in other groups had a higher risk of opioid overdose, hospitalization and increased health care costs. The continuously declining nonadherent group demonstrated the highest risks, with an opioid overdose hazard ratio (HR) of 1.92 (95% CI, 1.46–2.39), all-cause hospitalization of HR of 1.71 (95% CI: 1.58–1.85), and substance use disorder (SUD)-related hospitalization HR of 2.01 (95% CI: 1.82–2.15). Additionally, healthcare costs were notably higher compared to the completely adherent group, with an increase of $1482.45 (95% CI: $745.45–$2756.01) in the increasing adherence with later decline group and $1698.46 (95% CI: $432.57–$3087.78) in the continuously declining nonadherence groups.

Conclusions:
Almost half of Medicaid beneficiaries with OUD exhibited varying degrees of nonadherence to buprenorphine within 180 days of treatment initiation. This nonadherence was associated with adverse clinical outcomes and increased health care costs. Health care providers should consider adherence challenges when designing therapeutic interventions with buprenorphine.
Analysis of industry payments among orthopedic fellowship program directors in the United States
Authors: Vallee Emily K. , Lucasti Christopher , Scott Maxwell M. , Tamweber Zachary , Graham Benjamin C. , Chipman Danielle E. , Ryan Thomas J. , Hawayek Bradley J. , Patel Dil V. , Binkley Matthew T. , Duquin Thomas R. 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Orthopedic fellowship directors play a crucial role in shaping patient care approaches of fellowship trainees under their guidance. Given the influence fellowship directors have over surgeons-in-training practices, their financial conflicts of interest are of notable significance.

Methods:
A list of 566 orthopedic fellowship program directors in the United States was compiled. Program directors from the following subspecialties were included: adult hip and knee, sports medicine, hand, spine, trauma, foot and ankle, pediatric orthopedics, shoulder and elbow, and musculoskeletal oncology. Demographic information was obtained from public physician profiles. General payments, research payments, associated research funding, and ownership interest data were collected using Open Payments. Descriptive statistics and independent samples t-tests were employed in the investigation.

Results:
The 566 directors collected a total of 57,610,923.47 USD in general payments in 2021 with a median of 7,180.56 USD. Fellowship directors specializing in shoulder and elbow earned significantly greater than sports medicine (75,580.42 USD v. 8,006.10 USD, P=0.031), hand (1,200.00 USD, P=0.012), spine (22,296.72 USD, P=0.048), trauma (6,104.73 USD, P=0.046), foot and ankle (38,584.57 USD, P=0.046), pediatric orthopaedics (1,480.46 USD, P=0.016), and musculoskeletal oncology (348.09 USD, P=0.011) directors. The top 5% of earners (n=28/566) accounted for 61.5% of the total value. Royalties accounted for 74.6% (43,004,029.50 USD) of the total value exchanged, followed by consulting at 13.7% (7,894,319.64 USD).

Conclusions:
Orthopedic fellowship directors receive considerable payments from the medical industry. We strongly encourage transparent conversations about these associations with trainees, aiming to offer positive models of physician-industry collaborations.
Novel Minimally Invasive Approach for Arthrodesis in Distal Interphalangeal Joint Using Microscope
Authors: Hachisuka Hiroki , Okuhara Atsushi , Munemori Masaru , Ishibashi Shigeki , Adachi Nobuo 
Published: February 2025

Summary:
Arthrodesis is a definitive treatment for osteoarthritis of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint. The surgical approach is generally performed from the dorsal side of the DIP joint using a Y- or H-shaped incision. However, this approach can lead to relatively noticeable scarring and dorsal tissue complications. We introduced a microsurgery technique to address patients’ desire for cosmetic improvement in addition to pain relief. In our modified approach, a small 1.5-cm skin incision was made along the mid-lateral line of the finger. This approach allows for a safer and faster synovectomy, osteophyte resection, and osteotomy in a limited surgical field. The joint was fixed by using a headless screw. In this article, we describe the application of this method for DIP arthrodesis. Our study included 12 women with a mean age of 63 years (51–83 y) and a mean follow-up period of 6 months (3–12 mo). All patients expressed satisfaction with the results. Bone union was successfully achieved in all fingers, leading to the resolution of pain without complications. The average postoperative score on the short version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire was 0. These findings suggest that the microsurgical approach is a minimally invasive and effective method for treating DIP arthrodesis.
Exploring performance profiles of home health care agencies: A two-stage analytical approach
Authors: Kilinc Mehmet Serdar , Kirac Emre 
Published: February 2025

Background
Public reporting of home health care agencies' performance metrics, including patient satisfaction, care processes, and health outcomes, aims to inform customer decisions and encourage agencies to improve the quality of services. However, there is limited research that examines the heterogeneous performance of home health care agencies.

Purposes
The aim of this study was to analyze the performance of home health care agencies by identifying distinct subgroups of agencies with similar performance profiles and describing the relationships between agency characteristics and such subgroups.

Methodology/Approach
We propose a two-stage analytical approach employing unsupervised machine learning methods. First, clustering analysis is applied to performance measures, allowing the partitioning of agencies into homogeneous subgroups based on similarities in performance. Then, association rule mining is used to uncover the relationships between cluster assignments and agency characteristics.

Results
The two-stage analytical approach identified four clusters with significantly different performance profiles and agency characteristics: cost-efficient agencies with high patient satisfaction (Cluster 1), high-cost agencies with high-quality care (Cluster 2), urban agencies with low patient satisfaction (Cluster 3), and small agencies with low-quality care (Cluster 4).

Conclusion
This study contributes to understanding agency performance in the U.S. home health care industry. By identifying distinct subgroups of agencies and understanding the factors influencing their performance, we can enhance home health care services' overall quality and effectiveness.

Practice Implications
Our study uncovered diverse performance profiles and associated characteristics among home health care agencies, highlighting the need for tailored strategies and targeted interventions to improve the quality of care across clusters. Health care administrators and policymakers should consider cluster-specific recommendations.
Anonymity and employee engagement in creativity: A field experiment with nurses and patient care services staff
Authors: Jung Olivia S. , McCree Paula , Nadel Hiyam M. 
Published: February 2025

Background
Nurses and patient care services staff are promising sources of creative ideas for improving care delivery, but hierarchical barriers can hinder engagement in creativity.

Purpose
We examined engagement in creativity among nurses and patient care services staff, particularly the support staff (e.g., medical assistants, unit coordinators) who sit low in the professional hierarchy. We tested whether the opportunity to give creative input anonymously increased engagement.

Methodology/Approach
An innovation contest at a hospital invited over 8,500 nurses, health professionals, and support staff to share improvement-oriented ideas. We conducted a field experiment, where a randomly assigned group of employees was told that idea submission would be anonymous, whereas another group was told that name and role would be attached to ideas. Engagement in creativity meant viewing the contest platform and submitting an idea.

Results
Support staff were less likely to view the platform and submit an idea compared to other roles. With the promise of anonymity, support staff became more likely to view the platform, but not to submit ideas.

Conclusion
Although innovation contests offer a structured process for soliciting creative ideas, simply implementing them may not result in widespread engagement, particularly among low-level employees. The promise of anonymity did increase interest in creativity among these employees, but it was not enough to motivate idea submission.

Practice Implications
Managers will need to pay attention to employee' hierarchy-driven beliefs about engaging in creativity when implementing mechanisms that solicit employees' creative input. The promise of anonymity may not be an effective motivator for creativity.
Estimating the Association Between Outdoor Temperature and Acute Kidney Injury Using Alternative Case Definitions
Authors: Rabin Benjamin , D’Souza Rohan , Weil E. Jennifer , Chang Howard H. , Ebelt Stefanie , Scovronick Noah 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective: To improve estimates of the association between acute kidney injury (AKI) and ambient heat exposure through better case ascertainment and by isolating community-acquired AKI.

Methods: We conducted a case-crossover study using data on AKI-related emergency department (ED) visits in Atlanta. Daymet meteorology was used to assess exposure. We compared effect estimates for seven approaches (definitions) for identifying AKI.

Results: There were between 5,868 and 64,269 AKI cases depending on the definition. Higher temperatures were associated with AKI for all case definitions. Associations were strongest for cases with an ICD-coded AKI as a primary diagnosis (OR 1.15, 95%CI 1.01 – 1.31). We also observed significant (p < 0.05) heat associations among cases identified using lab results but without an ICD-coded AKI diagnosis.

Conclusion: Many AKI cases are not diagnosed; these cases are associated with heat.
AI Job substitution risks, digital self-efficacy and mental health among employees
Authors: Zhao Hairong , Wu Peiguan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
AI becomes increasingly integrated into the workplace, its associated job substitution risks for employees are more evident, resulting in significant repercussions for their well-being. This study tries to elucidate the effects of AI-driven job substitution risks on employees' mental health.

Methods
Data was collected through questionnaires and structural equation modeling was used to analyze the relationships between variables.

Results
The job substitution risk of AI and Digital self-efficacy can positively influence job insecurity, which in turn adversely affects mental health. And job substitution risks of AI can amplify the negative impact of digital self-efficacy on job insecurity.

Conclusions
it provides an in-depth exploration of the specific processes and mechanisms through which AI-driven job substitution impacts employees' mental health. Practically, it offers insights for the implementation of AI and strategies to safeguard employee mental health.
Effects of Social Networking Service-Based Exercise Therapy on Reducing Non-Specific Low Back Pain and Improving Productivity in Workers: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mikayama Shirou , Tomonaga Ryo , Jiang Ying , Yamato Hiroshi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of exercise therapy using social networking services (SNS) to reduce non-specific low back pain (NLBP) among healthcare and transportation workers.

Methods
A total of 40 participants, 20 in the control group and 20 in the intervention group were enrolled in the study. The intervention group received exercise therapy after answering questions regarding NLBP and classifying it into seven categories. The intervention group was asked to perform therapeutic 15-minute exercises suitable for each type of NLBP, as demonstrated by a physical therapist, the first author of this paper, through YouTube, three times a week for 8 weeks.

Results
The results revealed that the SNS-based exercise therapy was significantly effective in reducing NLBP (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Exercise therapy utilizing SNS effectively improved NLBP among healthcare and transportation workers.