bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
c-Myb-mediated inhibition of miR-601 in facilitating malignance of osteosarcoma via augmentation of PKMYT1
Authors: Luo Peng , Fang Jiarui , Chen Houqing , He Feng , Xiao Siying , Liu He , Zhu Shizhuang , Luo Jianzhou , Jiang Changqing 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe crosstalk between osteosarcoma (OS) development and abnormally expressed microRNA (miR)-601 is not explored explicitly. Here, we identified the downregulated miR-601 in osteosarcoma (OS) through a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of GEO Datasets. The results indicated that miR-601 was downregulated in both OS cells and tissues. The OS patients with reduced expression of miR-601 displayed worse prognosis. The results of in vitro and in vivo assay revealed that elevated miR-601 inhibited the proliferative, migratory and invasive capacities in OS cells. Mechanically, miR-601 exerted its function via targeting oncogene protein kinase membrane associated tyrosine/threonine 1 (PKMYT1) at post-transcriptional level. Moreover, miR-601 was attenuated by c-Myb at transcriptional level. Taken together, our studies reveal that miR-601 is a suppressive gene negatively correlated with malignancy of OS.
Asteltoxin inhibits extracellular vesicle production through AMPK/mTOR-mediated activation of lysosome function
Authors: Mitani Fumie , Lin Jianyu , Sakamoto Tatsuya , Uehara Ryo , Hikita Tomoya , Yoshida Takuya , Setiawan Andi , Arai Masayoshi , Oneyama Chitose 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCancer cells secrete aberrantly large amounts of extracellular vesicles (EVs) including exosomes, which originate from multivesicular bodies (MVBs). Because EVs potentially contribute to tumor progression, EV inhibitors are of interest as novel therapeutics. We screened a fungal natural product library. Using cancer cells engineered to secrete luciferase-labeled EVs, we identified asteltoxin, which inhibits mitochondrial ATP synthase, as an EV inhibitor. Low concentrations of asteltoxin inhibited EV secretion without inducing mitochondrial damage. Asteltoxin attenuated cellular ATP levels and induced AMPK-mediated mTORC1 inactivation. Consequently, MiT/TFE transcription factors are translocated into the nucleus, promoting transcription of lysosomal genes and lysosome activation. Electron microscopy analysis revealed that the number of lysosomes increased relative to that of MVBs and the level of EVs decreased after treatment with asteltoxin or rapamycin, an mTORC1 inhibitor. These findings suggest that asteltoxin represents a new type of EV inhibitor that controls MVB fate.
Factors influencing ease of whelping and its relationship with maternal behaviour and puppy perinatal mortality in commercially bred dogs
Authors: Baqueiro-Espinosa Uri , McEvoy Victoria , Arnott Gareth 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFor dog breeders, parturition is a critical stage in the reproductive cycle of the dam. Evidence in other mammals suggests that a difficult labour can influence maternal behaviour and offspring viability during the first hours postpartum. However, the effect of whelping difficulty on the onset of maternal behaviour has not yet been investigated in domestic dogs. Here we developed an ease of whelping (EoW) index in dams maintained within a Commercial dog Breeding Establishment (CBE) environment and investigated the relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic factors (breed group according to size/weight, litter size, parity, whelping season and origin of the dam), EoW, early maternal behaviour and puppy perinatal mortality. The behaviour of 30 dams was observed throughout the whelping process, starting 24 h before delivery of the first puppy until birth of the last puppy. Parturition duration, birth interval, and behaviours indicative of distress, restlessness, and general activity were scored and included in a Principal Component Analysis to construct the EoW index. Subsequently, mother–pup interactions and puppy perinatal mortality were recorded during the first 24 and 72 h postpartum respectively. Results showed that EoW was significantly affected by whelping season, litter size and origin of the dam (whether she was born and raised within the CBE or brought in). Furthermore, mothers that experienced more difficult parturitions (higher EoW score) spent more time lying in contact with their puppies during the first 24 h postpartum. Time in contact with puppies was also significantly affected by breed group. Nursing duration was significantly affected by breed group and origin of the dam. Additionally, medium-size breed (10–20 kg) puppies were significantly less likely to experience perinatal mortality than large breeds (> 20 kg). These findings are particularly relevant for the welfare of breeding dams maintained in large-scale CBEs where the staff-to-dog ratio might be insufficient to adequately manage multiple simultaneous parturitions.
A new estimation method for COVID-19 time-varying reproduction number using active cases
Authors: Hasan Agus , Susanto Hadi , Tjahjono Venansius , Kusdiantara Rudy , Putri Endah , Nuraini Nuning , Hadisoemarto Panji 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe propose a new method to estimate the time-varying effective (or instantaneous) reproduction number of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The method is based on a discrete-time stochastic augmented compartmental model that describes the virus transmission. A two-stage estimation method, which combines the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) to estimate the reported state variables (active and removed cases) and a low pass filter based on a rational transfer function to remove short term fluctuations of the reported cases, is used with case uncertainties that are assumed to follow a Gaussian distribution. Our method does not require information regarding serial intervals, which makes the estimation procedure simpler without reducing the quality of the estimate. We show that the proposed method is comparable to common approaches, e.g., age-structured and new cases based sequential Bayesian models. We also apply it to COVID-19 cases in the Scandinavian countries: Denmark, Sweden, and Norway, where the positive rates were below 5% recommended by WHO.
Utility of an artificial intelligence system for classification of esophageal lesions when simulating its clinical use
Authors: Tajiri Ayaka , Ishihara Ryu , Kato Yusuke , Inoue Takahiro , Matsueda Katsunori , Miyake Muneaki , Waki Kotaro , Shimamoto Yusaku , Fukuda Hiromu , Matsuura Noriko , Egawa Satoshi , Yamaguchi Shinjiro , Ogiyama Hideharu , Ogiso Kiyoshi , Nishida Tsutomu , Aoi Kenji , Tada Tomohiro 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPrevious reports have shown favorable performance of artificial intelligence (AI) systems for diagnosing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) compared with endoscopists. However, these findings don’t reflect performance in clinical situations, as endoscopists classify lesions based on both magnified and non-magnified videos, while AI systems often use only a few magnified narrow band imaging (NBI) still images. We evaluated the performance of the AI system in simulated clinical situations. We used 25,048 images from 1433 superficial ESCC and 4746 images from 410 noncancerous esophagi to construct our AI system. For the validation dataset, we took NBI videos of suspected superficial ESCCs. The AI system diagnosis used one magnified still image taken from each video, while 19 endoscopists used whole videos. We used 147 videos and still images including 83 superficial ESCC and 64 non-ESCC lesions. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity for the classification of ESCC were, respectively, 80.9% [95% CI 73.6–87.0], 85.5% [76.1–92.3], and 75.0% [62.6–85.0] for the AI system and 69.2% [66.4–72.1], 67.5% [61.4–73.6], and 71.5% [61.9–81.0] for the endoscopists. The AI system correctly classified all ESCCs invading the muscularis mucosa or submucosa and 96.8% of lesions ≥ 20 mm, whereas even the experts diagnosed some of them as non-ESCCs. Our AI system showed higher accuracy for classifying ESCC and non-ESCC than endoscopists. It may provide valuable diagnostic support to endoscopists.
Perceived neighborhood environment, social capital and life satisfaction among older adults in Shanghai, China
Authors: Lu Nan , Wu Bei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study examined the mediator role of social capital on the association between perceived neighborhood environment and life satisfaction among older adults in urban China, and further tested the moderating effect of gender in the above paths (i.e., from neighborhood environment to life satisfaction; from neighborhood environment to social capital; from social capital to life satisfaction). We used quota sampling approach to recruit 472 respondents aged 60 years old or older in Shanghai in 2020. From the perspective of structural equation modeling, multiple group analysis was conducted to examine the proposed hypotheses. The measurement model of social capital was well established in urban Chinese community contexts. Based on the whole sample, the results of the mediation model showed that social capital played a mediation role in the association between neighborhood environment and life satisfaction. Furthermore, the results of multiple group analysis showed that the association between neighborhood environment and cognitive social capital was only significant among older women. The findings highlight the role of neighborhood environment and social capital in building age-friendly communities.
Quantitative analysis of heat release during coal oxygen-lean combustion in a O2/CO2/N2 atmosphere by TG-DTG-DSC
Authors: Shi Jingdong , Su Hetao , Li Yunzhuo , Huang Zijun , Wang Yiru , Gao Lintao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHeat release of coal combustion in an oxygen-lean and multi-gas environment is a common phenomenon, coalfield fires caused by it can lead to serious environmental destruction and loss of coal resources. Simultaneous thermal analysis experiments for Bulianta (BLT, high-volatile bituminous coal) and Yuwu coal (YW, anthracite) in 21vol.%O2/79vol.%N2 and 15vol.%O2/5vol.%CO2/80vol.%N2 were carried out to study the law of heat release. Based on the TG-DTG-DSC curves, the combustion characteristic parameters were analyzed. Decreasing O2 concentration caused a significant reduction of local reactivity and further the decreasing maximum heat release rate for low-rank coal, while increasing CO2 concentration caused a significant thermal lag effect and further the increasing maximum heat release rate for high-rank coal. The relationship between the heat release rate and the reaction rate constant was quantitatively analyzed. At the increasing stage of the heat release rate, the heat release rate of the two coals increased conforming to ExpGro1 exponential model. At the decreasing stage of the heat release rate, the heat release rate of YW coal decreased exponentially with the reaction rate constant, while the heat release rate of BLT coal decreased linearly. Regardless of the atmospheres, the conversion rates corresponding to maximum heat release rate of BLT and YW coal were about 0.80 and 0.50, respectively, indicating that the coal rank played a dominant role. The results are helpful to understand the heat release process of coal oxygen-lean combustion in O2/CO2/N2.
Matamatas Chelus spp. (Testudines, Chelidae) have a remarkable evolutionary history of sex chromosomes with a long-term stable XY microchromosome system
Authors: Viana Patrik F. , Feldberg Eliana , Takagui Fábio Hiroshi , Menezes Sabrina , Vogt Richard C. , Ezaz Tariq 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe genusChelus, commonly known as Matamata is one of the most emblematic and remarkable species among the Neotropical chelids. It is an Amazonian species with an extensive distribution throughout Negro/Orinoco and Amazonas River basins. Currently, two species are formally recognized:Chelus orinocensisandChelus fimbriataand although it is still classified as "Least Concern" in the IUCN, the Matamatas are very appreciated and illegally sold in the international pet trade. Regardless, little is known regarding many aspects of its natural history. Chromosomal features forChelus, for instance, are meagre and practically restricted to the description of the diploid number (2n = 50) forChelus fimbriata, and its sex determining strategies are yet to be fully investigated. Here, we examined the karyotype ofChelus fimbriataand the newly describedChelus orinocensis, applying an extensive conventional and molecular cytogenetic approach. This allowed us to identify a genetic sex determining mechanism with a micro XY sex chromosome system in both species, a system that was likely present in their most common recent ancestorChelus colombiana. Furthermore, the XY system found inChelus orinocensisandChelus fimbriata, as seen in other chelid species, recruited several repeat motifs, possibly prior to the split of South America and Australasian lineages, indicating that such system indeed dates back to the earliest lineages of Chelid species.
Renoprotective effects of ferric citrate in a mouse model of chronic kidney disease
Authors: Hanudel Mark R. , Czaya Brian , Wong Shirley , Jung Grace , Chua Kristine , Qiao Bo , Gabayan Victoria , Ganz Tomas 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn chronic kidney disease, ferric citrate has been shown to be an effective phosphate binder and source of enteral iron; however, the effects of ferric citrate on the kidney have been less well-studied. Here, in Col4α3 knockout mice—a murine model of progressive chronic kidney disease, we evaluated the effects of five weeks of 1% ferric citrate dietary supplementation. As expected, ferric citrate lowered serum phosphate concentrations and increased serum iron levels in the Col4α3 knockout mice. Consistent with decreased enteral phosphate absorption and possibly improved iron status, ferric citrate greatly reduced circulating fibroblast growth factor 23 levels. Interestingly, ferric citrate also lessened systemic inflammation, improved kidney function, reduced albuminuria, and decreased kidney inflammation and fibrosis, suggesting renoprotective effects of ferric citrate in the setting of chronic kidney disease. The factors mediating possible ferric citrate renoprotection, the mechanisms by which they may act, and whether ferric citrate affects chronic kidney disease progression in humans deserves further study.
A short‐distance harmonic suppression method for position detection based on linear hall‐effect sensors
Authors: Luo Ciyong , Qu Bo , Zhao Junfeng , Wang Chaolong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAccurate position signals are essential for a vector control system. To obtain accurate position signals, high‐precision position sensors such as optical encoder and resolver are employed. However, they are usually restricted by the environmental condition and cost. Linear Hall‐effect sensors, possessing tiny size, light weight and low cost, are usually used to detect position signals. However, the position signals detected by linear Hall‐effect sensors in low cost conditions always contain a large part of high‐order harmonics, which will decrease the validity and reliability of sensor measurement. In this paper, to eliminate the influence of harmonics, a short‐distance harmonic suppression method without any low‐pass filter is proposed. The proposed method utilises three linear Hall‐effect sensors displaced a certain electrical angle to dissolve the position signal. Through simulation analysis and experimental verification, the proposed method has been proven to be effective in suppressing the third‐order and fifth‐order harmonics.
Hybrid mapping algorithm based on 1‐DCM and Lorenz
Authors: Yan Wen , Jingming Su , Yan Hong , Pingshun Gong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA hybrid chaotic mapping algorithm(HCM) based on 1‐DCM (one‐dimensional chaotic map) and Lorenz is proposed to address the security issues of low‐dimensional chaotic systems and the complexity of high‐dimensional chaotic systems. Firstly, the color images are divided into three high 4‐bit planes (BP) and low 4‐bit planes. By optimizing the parameters and structure of trigonometric function, the new arcsine‐sine (AS) function is designedto generate the 1‐DCM and permutation matrix, which is constructed to change the plane position and pixel position of the high 12BP to obtain the scrambling plane, which is encrypted by Lorenz chaotic system to produce the selfencryption matrix, with which the low 12BP is encrypted to generate the low bit encryption planes. Then, the ciphertext image is obtained by combining the high bit scrambling plane and low bit encryption plane. The SHA function is also used as the chaotic system's parameter generator, which improves the correlation between plaintext images and the key and resists selective plaintext attacks. The simulation results show that by modularizing the image's high and low bit planes, the encryption process is simplified and improved. The security and reliability of color image transmission are also improved.
Constraint estimation in three‐diode solar photovoltaic model using Gaussian and Cauchy mutation‐based hunger games search optimizer and enhanced Newton–Raphson method
Authors: Premkumar Manoharan , Jangir Pradeep , Kumar Chandrasekaran , Sundarsingh Jebaseelan Somasundaram David Thanasingh , Alhelou Hassan Haes , Madurai Elavarasan Rajvikram , Chen Huiling 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe reliability of the photovoltaic models is strongly reliant on their parameters, which are primarily determined by the optimization algorithm and the objective function. As a result, obtaining the parameters under different environmental conditions is critical for increasing their performance, reliability and significantly lowering cost. Many optimization techniques are reported to address this problem based on the complexity. As a result, an enhanced version of the recently reported Hunger Games Search Optimizer (HGSO) method called Gaussian and Cauchy Mutation‐based HGSO (GCMHGSO) algorithm for defining the requirements of the Three‐Diode equivalent Model (TDeM) by utilizing multiple representations in the algorithm along with an efficient objective function. The Cauchy mutation increases the exploration ability, and Gaussian mutation increases the exploitation ability of the basic HGSO. Furthermore, an Enhanced Newton–Raphson Method (ENRM) is presented to effectively solve the behaviour of the current–voltage relation of the TDeM. The robust optimization is also considered to demonstrate the impact of the measurement error. Comparing the GCMHGSO‐ENRM to other competitors reveals that the proposed GCMHGSO‐ENRM can accurately find the best solution, and its effectiveness is verified in many statistical parameters. It is found that the GCMHGSO‐ENRM algorithm is stable and robust compared to other competitors.
Spinning black holes magnetically connected to a Keplerian disk
Authors: El Mellah I. , Cerutti B. , Crinquand B. , Parfrey K. 
Published: April 2022

Context.Accreting black holes (BHs) may be surrounded by a highly magnetized plasma threaded by an organized poloidal magnetic field. Nonthermal flares and power-law spectral components at high energy could originate from a hot, collisionless, and nearly force-free corona. The jets we often observe from these systems are believed to be rotation-powered and magnetically driven.Aims.We study axisymmetric BH magnetospheres, where a fraction of the magnetic field lines anchored in a surrounding disk are connected to the event horizon of a rotating BH. For different BH spins, we identify the conditions and sites of magnetic reconnection within 30 gravitational radii.Methods.With the fully general relativistic particle-in-cell codeGRZeltron, we solve the time-dependent dynamics of the electron–positron pair plasma and of the electromagnetic fields around the BH. The aligned disk is represented by a steady and perfectly conducting plasma in Keplerian rotation, threaded by a dipolar magnetic field.Results.For prograde disks around Kerr BHs, the topology of the magnetosphere is hybrid. Twisted open magnetic field lines crossing the horizon power a Blandford-Znajek jet, while open field lines with their footpoint beyond a critical distance on the disk could launch a magneto-centrifugal wind. In the innermost regions, coupling magnetic field lines ensure the transfer of significant amounts of angular momentum and energy between the BH and the disk. From the Y point at the intersection of these three regions, a current sheet forms where vivid particle acceleration via magnetic reconnection takes place. We compute the synchrotron images of the current sheet emission.Conclusions.Our estimates for jet power and BH–disk exchanges match those derived from purely force-free models. Particles are accelerated at the Y point, which acts as a heat source for the so-called corona. It provides a physically motivated ring-shaped source of hard X-rays above the disk for reflection models. Episodic plasmoid ejection might explain millisecond flares observed in Cygnus X-1 in the high-soft state, but are too fast to account for daily nonthermal flares from Sgr A*. Particles flowing from the Y point down to the disk could produce a hot spot at the footpoint of the outermost closed magnetic field line.
Galapagos-2/Galfitm/Gama – Multi-wavelength measurement of galaxy structure: Separating the properties of spheroid and disk components in modern surveys
Authors: Häußler Boris , Vika Marina , Bamford Steven P. , Johnston Evelyn J. , Brough Sarah , Casura Sarah , Holwerda Benne W. , Kelvin Lee S. , Popescu Cristina 
Published: April 2022

Aims. We present the capabilities of Galapagos-2 and Galfitm in the context of fitting two-component profiles – bulge–disk decompositions – to galaxies, with the ultimate goal of providing complete multi-band, multi-component fitting of large samples of galaxies in future surveys. We also release both the code and the fit results to 234 239 objects from the DR3 of the GAMA survey, a sample significantly deeper than in previous works.
Methods. We use stringent tests on both simulated and real data, as well as comparison to public catalogues to evaluate the advantages of using multi-band over single-band data.
Results. We show that multi-band fitting using Galfitm provides significant advantages when trying to decompose galaxies into their individual constituents, as more data are being used, by effectively being able to use the colour information buried in the individual exposures to its advantage. Using simulated data, we find that multi-band fitting significantly reduces deviations from the real parameter values, allows component sizes and Sérsic indices to be recovered more accurately, and – by design – constrains the band-to-band variations of these parameters to more physical values. On both simulated and real data, we confirm that the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of the two main components can be recovered to fainter magnitudes compared to using single-band fitting, which tends to recover ‘disks’ and ‘bulges’ with – on average – identical SEDs when the galaxies become too faint, instead of the different SEDs they truly have. By comparing our results to those provided by other fitting codes, we confirm that they agree in general, but measurement errors can be significantly reduced by using the multi-band tools developed by the MEGAMORPH project.
Conclusions. We conclude that the multi-band fitting employed by Galapagos-2 and Galfitm significantly improves the accuracy of structural galaxy parameters and enables much larger samples to be be used in a scientific analysis.