bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of ketamine infusion on breathing and encephalography in spontaneously breathing ICU patients
Authors: Suleiman Aiman , Santer Peter , Munoz-Acuna Ronny , Hammer Maximilian , Schaefer Maximilian S. , Wachtendorf Luca J. , Rumyantsev Sandra , Berra Lorenzo , Chamadia Shubham , Johnson-Akeju Oluwaseun , Baedorf-Kassis Elias N. , Eikermann Matthias 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Preclinical studies suggest that ketamine stimulates breathing. We investigated whether adding a ketamine infusion at low and high doses to propofol sedation improves inspiratory flow and enhances sedation in spontaneously breathing critically ill patients.Methods: In this prospective interventional study, twelve intubated, spontaneously breathing patients received ketamine infusions at 5 mcg/kg/min, followed by 10 mcg/kg/min for 1 hour each. Airway flow, pressure, and esophageal pressure were recorded during a spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) at baseline, and during the SBT conducted at the end of each ketamine infusion regimen. SBT consisted of one-minute breathing with zero end-expiratory pressure and no pressure support. Changes in inspiratory flow at the pre-specified time points were assessed as the primary outcome. Ketamine-induced changes in gamma electroencephalogram power was the key secondary endpoint. We also analyzed changes in other ventilatory parameters respiratory timing, and resistive and elastic inspiratory work of breathing.Results: Ketamine infusion of 5 and 10 mcg/kg/min increased inspiratory flow (median, IQR) from 0.36 (0.29-0.46) L/s at baseline to 0.47 (0.32-0.57) L/s and 0.44 (0.33-0.58) L/s, respectively (p=0.013). Resistive work of breathing decreased from 0.4 (0.1–0.6) J/l at baseline to 0.2 (0.1–0.3) J/l after ketamine 10 mcg/kg/min (p=0.042), while elastic work of breathing remained unchanged. Electroencephalogram gamma power (19–44 Hz) increased compared to baseline (p<0.01).Conclusions: In intubated, spontaneously breathing patients receiving low-dose propofol, ketamine increased inspiratory flow, reduced inspiratory work of breathing, and was associated with an “activated” electroencephalographic pattern. These characteristics might facilitate weaning from mechanical ventilation.
COVIDOA: A Novel Evolutionary Optimization Algorithm Based on Coronavirus Replication Lifecycle
Authors: Khalid Asmaa M. , Hosny Khalid M. , Mirjalili Seyedali 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a novel bio-inspired optimization algorithm called Coronavirus Optimization Algorithm (COVIDOA). COVIDOA is an evolutionary search strategy that mimics the mechanism of Coronavirus when hijacking human cells. COVIDOA is inspired by the frameshifting technique used by the Coronavirus for replication. The proposed algorithm is tested using 20 standard benchmark optimization functions with different parameter values. Besides, we utilized 5 IEEE Congress of Evolutionary Computation (CEC) benchmark test functions (CECC06, 2019 Competition) and 5 CEC 2011 real-world problems to prove the proposed algorithm's efficiency. The proposed algorithm is compared to eight of the most popular and recent meta-heuristic algorithms from the state-of-the-art in terms of best cost, the average cost (AVG), corresponding standard deviation (STD), and convergence speed. The results demonstrate that COVIDOA is superior to most existing meta-heuristics.
Creating Interventions to Transition Long Lasting Insecticide Net Distribution in Ghana
Authors: Glozah Franklin , Asampong Emmanuel , Tabong Philip Teg-Nefaah , Nwameme Ada , Hornuvo Ruby , Chandi Gloria M. , Peprah Nana Yaw , Adongo Philip B. , Dako-Gyeke Phyllis 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective
Mass Long Lasting Insecticide Net (LLIN) distribution campaigns are rolled out, as a part of the Ghana Malaria Strategic plan (2021–2025) which seeks to protect at least 80% of the population at risk with effective malaria prevention interventions. Although, the mass LLIN distribution campaign indicates a comprehensive stakeholder engagement approach, it does not systematically transition into the basic primary health care structures within the Ghana Health Services. This paper presents the process and outcome of creating an innovative social intervention, which focuses on community mobilization and capacity building of Community Health Officers.
Methods
This study employed a concurrent triangulation mixed methods approach conducted across six districts in Eastern and Volta regions, Ghana. Findings were synthesized, grouped, and further distilled to guide the participatory co-creation workshops. Co-creation involved participatory learning in action technique which is a practical, adaptive research strategy which enabled diverse groups and individuals to learn, work and act together in a co-operative manner.
Results
The results suggest the establishment of a Community Health Advocacy Team (CHAT). This would be necessary in efforts aimed at transitioning LLIN distribution campaign in communities. The role of the CHAT would be centred on key elements of community/social mobilisation and capacity building, all nested in a Social and Behaviour Change Communication strategies.
Conclusion
The research team is in the process of assessing the acceptability and feasibility of the CHAT intervention with all stakeholders in the various communities. Assessment of the effectiveness of the CHAT intervention would be done at a later time.
DNA damage and its association with the plasma Malondialdehyde levels among patients with Cervical Cancer-A case control study.
Authors: G Sankaranarayanan , SSSN Rajasekhar , Chaturvedhula Latha , Adole Prashanth S 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background/Objective:The purpose of the present study was to estimate the DNA damage using comet assay in patients with cervical cancer and to find out its correlation with the oxidative stress marker (Plasma Malondialdehyde, MDA) and to compare the parameters in cases with the age-matched controls.Materials and Methods:This study included 49 cervical cancer cases and 49 age-matched controls to measure the DNA damage parameters such as Comet length, head diameter, percentage of DNA in the comet head, tail length, percentage of DNA in comet tail using comet assay technique and the oxidative stress marker (Plasma Malondialdehyde) using TBARS ELISA method.Results:The comet parameters such as Comet length, tail length, percentage of DNA in comet tail, representing the DNA damage were significantly high in the cervical cancer cases than in the age-matched controls. The comet parameters such as Head diameter, the percentage of DNA in the comet head, representing the undamaged/mild DNA damage were significantly high in age-matched controls than in cervical cancer cases. A positive correlation between the plasma MDA and the comet tail length was observed.Conclusion:The increased levels of Comet parameters and their positive association with plasma MDA indicate the high level of DNA damage in cervical cancer patients than the controls. Such a combination of comet assay and estimation of plasma MDA can be used as a predictive test along with the existing methods such as PAP smear, etc., for early detection and risk assessment of cervical cancer in individuals who belonged to the age group of 30-39 years, with parity of two to four and had a history of the early age at first pregnancy with a positive family history of cervical cancer.
AZD4547 and the Alleviation of Hepatoma Cell Sorafenib Resistance via the Promotion
of Autophagy
Authors: Feng Yun , Zhang Dan , He Gaixia , Liu Yaping , Zhao Yan , Ren Xiaoyang , Sun Huanhuan , Lu Guifang , Zhang Zhiyong , Ren Li , Yin Yan , Li Hongxia , He Shuixiang 
Published: April 2022

Background:
This study is part of a larger research effort to explore the molecular mechanism of hepatocellular
carcinoma, reduce drug resistance and seek new targets.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to investigate the effect and mechanism of fibroblast growth factor receptor
inhibitor AZD4547 on Sorafenib-resistant hepatoma cells.

Methods:
First, we constructed a Sorafenib-resistant hepatoma cell line Huh7R. Different groups of Huh7R cells were
treated with Sorafenib, AZD4547, Sorafenib combined with AZD4547, and normal saline. The cell viability was detected
by Cell Counting Kit-8. Then Fibroblast growth factor receptor and Toll-like receptor 4 were detected by Western
blot, as well as the LC3 II/I, Beclin1, and P62. In addition, we used the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine to
identify the mechanism of AZD4547 combined with Sorafenib for inducing Sorafenib-resistant hepatoma cell death.

Results:
We find that AZD4547 combined with Sorafenib significantly inhibited the viability of Sorafenib-resistant
hepatoma cell Huh7R. As for its mechanism, AZD4547 was able to inhibit fibroblast growth factor receptor activity,
promote autophagy and regulate immunity. AZD4547 increased LC3 II/I, Beclin1, and Toll-like receptor 4 proteins,
and decreased P62 protein level in Huh7R cells significantly when given in combination with sorafenib. Furthermore,
3-methyladenine inhibited autophagy and reversed the killing effect of the combination of AZD4547 and Sorafenib on
Huh7R cells.

Conclusion:
The inhibition of fibroblast growth factor receptor activity by AZD4547 can significantly enhance autophagy
and immune response, as well as promote the death of Sorafenib-resistant hepatoma cells.
Effect of Magnesium Status on Microalbuminuria in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Raeesi Vajehallah , Samarghandian Saeed , Rezaei Maryam , Khazaei Reza , Mohaqiq Zabihullah , Farkhondeh Tahereh 
Published: April 2022

Background:
There are several controversies regarding the association between serum
magnesium depletion and microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients.

Objective:
Therefore, this study aimed to assess serum magnesium concentrations in Type 2 diabetic
patients with microalbuminuria and normoalbuminuria in Birjand, Iran, in 2019.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 25 type 2 diabetes patients with microalbuminuria were
enrolled as the case group and 25 type 2 diabetes patients with normoalbuminuria as the control
group. Both groups were matched for age, sex, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Blood samples
were obtained for serum magnesium measurement.

Results:
Our findings showed no significant difference between serum magnesium concentration
in the case and control groups (mean serum magnesium concentration for case group: 2.34 ± 0.35
mg/dl and control group: 2.27 ± 0.33 mg/dl). Pearson correlation coefficient analysis did not show
any correlation between serum magnesium levels and urine albumin levels in patients with microalbuminuria
versus patients with normoalbuminuria (r = 0.06, p = 0.67).

Conclusion:
This study did not indicate a correlation between serum magnesium concentrations
and microalbuminuria in Type 2 diabetic patients.
Severe DILI in a Patient under Polypharmacy Including Rosuvastatin:
Diagnostic Challenges and Lessons from a Case Report Assessed Using the
Updated RUCAM Algorithm
Authors: Díaz-Orozco Luis , Quiroz-Compean Fernando , Aquino-Matus Jorge , Teschke Rolf , Méndez-Sánchez Nahum 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and the causative drug in patients under
polypharmacy medication represent a challenging diagnosis.

Case Report:
A 73 years old multimorbid man receiving polypharmacy, including rosuvastatin
among other drugs, presented with high values of alanine aminotransferase (950 U/L) and
aspartate aminotransferase (702 U/L), associated with a normal value of alkaline phosphatase (46
U/L), which turned out as DILI due to the hepatocellular injury type with an R-value of 29.8 as
calculated from liver test values. Causality for each drug was assessed using the updated RUCAM
(Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method) prospectively. Causality for rosuvastatin and
diltiazem was highly probable based on a RUCAM score of 9, but no reports of DILI caused by
diltiazem were found. In addition, the causality grade for other drugs included in the patient’s
medication was “probable” based on a RUCAM score of 6 to 8. The patient experienced a
favorable outcome after discontinuation of all medication.

Discussion:
The medication history, as well as the prospective and proactive causality evaluation
by the updated RUCAM, helped establish the diagnosis of severe DILI by two highly suspected
causative drugs, considering also several drugs with a “probable” causality grade in this case.
Statins may cause direct damage to the liver, interact with other drugs, and enhance the
susceptibility to DILI caused by commonly safe drugs. Conclusion: In this case, the DILI was
caused by rosuvastatin as evidenced by a high score in the updated RUCAM, but a large number
of comedications may have a co-triggering effect.
The effect of diabetes exercise on the quality of life of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Maulida Nur Rachmawati , Prajitno Jongky Hendro , Sulistiawaty Nuniek Nugraheny 
Published: April 2022

Physical inactivity and obesity are some of the main risk factors for diabetes mellitus (DM). The presence of DM might result in impaired quality of life (QoL). Our study aimed to firstly determine the association between diabetes exercise status and the QoL in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients and secondly to explore other factors associated with QoL among T2DM patients. This was an observational study with cross-sectional design of T2DM patients in dr. Trimurti primary health care (PHC) from January – December 2019. The subjects were recruited consecutively then categorized into treatment group (who performed diabetes exercise program) and control group (who did not perform diabetes exercise program). then observed as in the exercise group (who performed diabetes exercise program) and in the non-exercise group (who did not perform diabetes exercise program). The dependent variable was the QoL and was collected through a modified questionnaire made from 30 questions. The maximum score for QoL was 120 (all 4 on the Likert scale) and the score results were categorized as poor if the score was 96.5 and good if the score was 96.5. Meanwhile, other data (comorbidities, exercise status, glycaemic status) were obtained through medical records. A total of 60 adult T2DM patients were recruited, consisting of 30 subjects each in the non-exercise and exercise groups. Male subjects, aged 65 years, had bachelor's degrees, retired, married, had very high income, had no comorbidities, and exercised independently every week tended to have good QoL. In the exercise group, the majority of subjects (60%) performed diabetes exercise every two weeks and the majority (90%) had random blood glucose levels 200 mg/dL. The chi-square test revealed a significant associaton between participation in diabetes exercise and QoL in T2DM subjects. Participation in diabetes exercise is associated with good QoL and better glycemic control in T2DM patients.
DETERMINAN KOMPONEN INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA DI KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN MADURA 2010-2017
Authors: Anggita Dian , Riyanto Wahyu Hidayat 
Published: April 2022

The human development index is one of the measuring tools used to assess the quality of human development in an area by looking at the effects of physical conditions in the form of welfare and health and non-physical, namely education. The purpose of this study is to analyze mean years school (MYS) and per capita expenditure on the human development index in Madura Islands district from 2010 to 2017. The data used in this study is a secondary data obtained from Badan Pusat Statistik using the methods of data collection that is used is the study of documenting. The analytical tool used in this study is the panel data multiple regression method with the Fixed Effect Model (FEM). The results showed that the variable mean years school (MYS) and per capita expenditure had a positive and significant effect on the human development index in Madura Islands district. Variable mean years school (MYS) has a greater effect on the human development index in the madura islands district than the variable per capita expenditure.The human development index is one of the measuring tools used to assess the quality of human development in an area by looking at the effects of physical conditions in the form of welfare and health and non-physical, namely education. The purpose of this study is to analyze mean years school (MYS) and per capita expenditure on the human development index in Madura Islands district from 2010 to 2017. The data used in this study is a secondary data obtained from Badan Pusat Statistik using the methods of data collection that is used is the study of documenting. The analytical tool used in this study is the panel data multiple regression method with the Fixed Effect Model (FEM). The results showed that the variable mean years school (MYS) and per capita expenditure had a positive and significant effect on the human development index in Madura Islands district. Variable mean years school (MYS) has a greater effect on the human development index in the madura islands district than the variable per capita expenditure.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEMISKINAN DI WILAYAH TAPAL KUDA TAHUN 2012-2018
Authors: Hidayatullah Annasrul , Arifin Zainal , Suliswanto Muhammad Sri Wahyudi 
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of Gross Domesticl Product (GDP), Human Development Index (HDI) and Minimum Wages on poverty in the Tapal Kuda area. The regression analysis used in this study is panel data with the model used is Fixed Effect. In this study using quantitative types and types of secondary data obtained from the publication of the Central Bureau of Statistics. The results showed that the variables of GDP and HDI had a negative and significant effect on poverty. While the minimum wage variable has a positive and significant effect on poverty in the Tapal Kuda area.
In-silico Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination and Toxicity profile of 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid (ODA) from Moringa oleifera
Authors: Parvathi K. , Kandeepan C. , Sabitha M. , Senthilkumar N. , Ramya S. , Boopathi NM. , Ramanathan L. , Jayakumararaj R. 
Published: April 2022

9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid (ODA) a carboxylic acid composed of 18 carbon atoms and three cis double bonds. ODA is a plant derived essential fatty acid indispensable to the human system. ODA refers to many different structural and conformational isomers, that differ in the position of the double bonds along the backbone and on whether they are in cis ('Z') or trans ('E') conformation. It has been well established that ODA can only be outsourced from food and then converted into eicosa-pentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosa-hexaenoic acid (DHA) in the human system. However, this metabolic process is highly limited and the rate of conversion is influenced by several factors such as dose, gender, and disease. Studies suggest that ODA is associated with reduced risk of fatal ischemic heart disease. Further, higher intake may reduce the risk of sudden death among prevalent myocardial infarction in patients consistent with induced antiarrhythmic effect. ODA significantly reduces blood clots. Traditional usage of ODA is attributed to its cardiovascular-protective, anti-cancer, neuro-protective, anti-osteoporotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative properties. Recent pharmacological indicate that ODA has anti-metabolic syndrome, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-obesity, neuro-protective, and more specifically involved in the regulation of gut-micro-floral functionalities. Studies, both experimental and clinical trials indicate that ODA has anti-metabolic syndrome effects. In short, ODA is potentially used to treat many diseases, but in-depth ADMET studies are required to firmly re-establish its clinical efficacy and market potential.
Keywords: ADMET; Moringa oleifera; Secondary Metabolites; Natural Products (NPs); Bioactive Substances; Octadecatrienoic acid (ODA); Eicosa-Pentaenoic Acid (EPA); Docosa-Hexaenoic Acid (DHA)
Oxygen, Hyperbaric Oxygen and Ozone as Therapeutic Agents in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: literature Review
Authors: Eltahir Manal Abdalla 
Published: April 2022

Medical consideration in the surgical specialities such as Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, in the form of prescribing medications for some diseases, preoperative preparation, post operative care and follow up, is an important and integrated part in management of surgical patients,
Oxygen as the drug plays key role in treatment of surgical patient, and contributes strongly in treatment of major trauma, shock, sepsis; perioperative and postoperative considerations and in patients with various other medical comorbidities.
in this review we discussed the oxygen therapy as well as hyperbaric Oxygen in addition to the Oxygen with the 3 atoms, namely Ozone, in oral and Maxillofacial Surgery speciality.
Keywords: O2 supplement, adjunctive therapy, HBO, OZONE, osteonecrosis, Medication related necrosis
Phenytoin Induced Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms: A rare paediatric case report
Authors: Pattanshetti Aishwarya , Bali Prasad N. 
Published: April 2022

Purpose: Dress Syndrome (Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms) is a severe adverse drug reaction characterised by rash, fever, lymphadenopathy, and organ involvement. It is a severe, one-of-a-kind adverse medication reaction. DRESS is the most rarely seen severe adverse drug reaction, and it affects approximately 1 in a thousand to 1 in a ten thousand patients who take the drug. It is found that the mortality rate is nearly 10 %. The main objectives include - learn the importance of DRESS syndrome, recognize the signs and symptoms of DRESS, to know what diagnostic studies are indicated and to provide accurate treatment.
Methods: The case of 11-year-old girl who came with history of head injury and was given phenytoin to treat it. Later she came with a complaint of numerous urticated papules and plaques on her trunk, neck, both upper and lower limbs, and febrile since 4days. And we used the Regi SCAR scoring system that grades DRESS cases as ‘no’, ‘possible’, ‘probable’ or ‘definite’ groups for diagnostic criteria of DRESS. And we also applied Naranjo’s causality assessment scale in the following case study.
Results and conclusion: In the initial recognition of DRESS syndrome and the immediate withdrawal of offending drugs and continuing with a supportive therapy and corticosteroids as needed. Systemic corticosteroids can reduce symptoms of hypersensitivity reactions.
Keywords: Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms, Phenytoin, Exfoliation of Skin, Corticosteroids.
A Short Review of New Drugs for Heart Failure: Omecamtiv Mecarbil and Vericiguat
Authors: Laksono Sidhi , Pratama Ahmad Pandu , Halomoan Reynaldo , Andra Cut Aryfa 
Published: April 2022

Heart failure is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Although developments of therapeutic agents have shown benefit and have improved the patients’ condition, there is only a slight decreased of mortality rate throughout the years. This condition becomes a reason to develop efficient drugs which can further improve the condition and reducing the mortality significantly. New therapeutic agents have been proposed and studied. Among them is cardiac myosin activator, such as omecamtiv mecarbil. This drug will increase the binding of myosin head to the actin and therefore form a stronger contraction. Omecamtiv mecarbil is beneficial due to its mechanism which not related to higher oxygen consumption and less adverse events. Another promising drug is vericiguat, a soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulator. This drug enhances the binding of nitric oxide to sGC and therefore increasing cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) production. cGMP important in regulating physiological processed in the cardiovascular system. In this review, we will discuss about the current evidence about these novel agents.
Keywords: heart failure, novel agent, omecamtiv mecarbil, vericiguat, management