bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Testing the effectiveness of a new multidisciplinary cognitive rehabilitation approach for people with Multiple Sclerosis: the ReBrain protocol
Authors: Bergamaschi Valeria , Podda Jessica , Addeo Stefano , Vitiello Andrea , Giuntoli Miranda , Tacchino Andrea , Bragadin Margherita Monti , Pedullà Ludovico , Bove Marco , Brichetto Giampaolo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Cognitive impairment is common in Multiple Sclerosis (MS), occurring in up to 65% of patients. The cognitive domains affected most commonly in MS include information processing speed (often first target of progressive cognitive decline), learning and episodic and working memory. The management of cognitive impairment still relies on rehabilitative strategies, which have been reported to be effective in ameliorating cognitive domains but, even if strongly recommended for MS management and standard care, multidisciplinary treatment, including physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech and swallow therapy, neuropsychology, built on cognitive rehabilitation principles, has scarce scientific evidence. Methods and analysis: A total of 30people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) will be randomly assigned to ReBrain group and standard care group. They both consist in multidisciplinary rehabilitation protocol with two hours twice a week for 12 weeks sessions including physiotherapy, occupational therapy, neuropsychological therapy and speech and swallow therapy. ReBrain treatments follow principle of cognitive rehabilitation, combining restorative and compensatory strategies, specific exercises of executive attention stimulation and holistic approach. Evaluation scales will be assessed immediately before (baseline visit, T0), after the booster session (T1, 12 weeks after baseline visit), at three months (T2, 24 weeks after baseline visit). Discussion: ReBrain protocol may improve cognitive performance, motor control and reduce the impact of cognitive impairment on everyday activities of people with MS.Ethics committee approval: N. Registro CER Liguria: 470/2021 DB id 11839
Protective Role of Hispolon and its Derivatives in Apoptosis Induced by Exposure of Mobile Phone Radiation to Primary Culture of Cortical Neurons
Authors: Saka Vara Prasad , Vellapandian Chitra , Narayanaswamy Damodharan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The enormous advancement of technology in communication systems and vast growth in the utilization of mobile phones alarms the effects of over exposure to radiations emitted from mobile phones. This study investigated the effect of Hispolon (HIS), a biologically active polyphenol compound isolated from Inonotus hispidus and its derivates such as hispolon pyrazole (HP), hispolon mono methyl ether (HME), and hispolon monomethyl ether pyrazole (HMEP) against the deleterious effects of mobile phone radiation on primary cultured cortical neurons. Cortical neuronal cells were isolated form a day-old neonate rats, cultured, and treated with HIS and its derivatives while exposed to mobile phone (2100 MHz, 1.6 W/Kg SAR) on call answered mode for 2 hrs. Post exposure the cells were analysed for cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), apoptosis using propidium iodide (PI) assay through flowcytometry, genotoxicity through DNA ladder assay, and gene expression analysis of p53, Bcl2, and Bax. The cytotoxicity analysis indicated that pyrazole derivatives were less toxic among the treated compounds. Pyrazole derivatives such as HP and HMEP significantly decrease radiation induced ROS levels in the cells, reduced MMP, apoptosis, and DNA damage effectively, while they didn’t alter gene expression of p53, Bcl2, and Bax. From the results, it can be concluded that the antioxidative and anti-apoptotic activity of the pyrazole derivatives might be attributed to the phenolic and diketo groups present in them. Hence the pyrazole derivatives can be further evaluated their pathway of neuroprotection which may gain importance as lead molecules in the development of neuroprotective formulations.
Carbon emission assessment in China based on comprehensive model
Authors: He Zhaowei , gou yanfeng , liu wenjing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Carbon emissions are an important research topic of ecological security, which has a significant impact on the realization of "dual carbon" strategy. With the methods of the STIRPAT model, LMDI factor decomposition, and Tapio decoupling, the status of China's carbon emissions was analyzed based on the data in the past 10 years, and the trend of China's carbon emissions was evaluated from 2020 to 2030. The study finds that: (1) The growth momentum of carbon emissions has slowed down, but the overall trend of carbon emissions is positive; (2) Economic scale and energy intensity are the core factors affecting carbon emissions, while industrial structure, population size, and energy structure have limited influence on carbon emissions; (3) China's economic development and carbon emissions are in a weak decoupling state, but the overall decoupling trend is good, and all factors are making efforts to decouple in a positive direction. The study deepens the understanding of carbon emissions, and the following countermeasures are formed: (1) Firming the implementation of the "dual carbon" strategy to effectively intervene the carbon emissions in China; (2) Highlighting the high-quality economic development to strengthen the positive effect of economic scale on carbon emissions; (3) Improving the energy utilization rate to enhance the inhibitory effect of energy intensity on carbon emissions; (4) Innovating a new development model to strengthen the systematic planning of factors affecting carbon emissions.
Short-term exposures to PM10 and PM2.5 and lung cancer hospitalization risk in Shenzhen, China: A Double Negative Controls Study
Authors: Yang Zhao , Liang He , Deng Wei , Ji Yong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Few studies assess the short-term exposure to particulate matter (PM), including inhalable particles with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 F or less (PM10) and fine PM with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 e or less (PM2.5), on lung cancer hospitalization risk, especially in developing countries. This study examines whether short-term exposures to PM10 and PM2.5 affect lung cancer hospitalization risk in Shenzhen, China. We evaluated short-term PM-lung cancer hospitalization associations using cancer hospital-based data during 2018-2019 in Shenzhen, China. Daily data on air pollutants and weather conditions were collected from publicly available online resources. We estimated the corresponding associations based on a double negative control design after adjusting for unmeasured confounding. Two-pollutant models were fitted to examine the robustness of associations. On average, per 10 w increase in weekly mean PM10 concentration was associated with an 0.25 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.04-0.45) higher lung cancer hospitalization risk. The corresponding increase in lung cancer hospitalization risk for the same increase in PM2.5 was 0.36 (95% CI 0.13-0.61). These detrimental effects remained after adjusting for sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide and became stronger among males and those aged <75 years. No delayed effects were observed. Significant unmeasured confounding effects were also observed.
Systemic amyloidosis journey from diagnosis to outcomes: a twelve-year real-world experience of a single center in a middle-income country
Authors: Szor Roberta Shcolnik , Fernandes Fabio , Lino Angelina Maria Martins , Mendonça Leonardo Oliveira , Seguro Fernanda Salles , Feitosa Valkercyo Araujo , Castelli Jussara Bianchi , Jorge Lecticia Barbosa , Alves Lucas Bassolli de Oliveira , Neves Precil Diego Miranda de Menezes , Souza Evandro de Oliveira , Cavalcante Livia Barreira , Malheiros Denise , Kalil Jorge , Martinez Gracia Aparecida , Rocha Vanderson 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Systemic amyloidosis is caused by the deposition of misfolded protein aggregates in tissues, leading to progressive organ dysfunction and death. Epidemiological studies originate predominantly from high-income countries, with few data from Latin America. Due to the non-specific clinical manifestations, diagnosing amyloidosis is often challenging and patients experience a long journey and delay in diagnosis. This study aimed to assess clinical and laboratory characteristics, the diagnostic journey, and outcomes of patients with biopsy-proven systemic amyloidosis diagnosed between 2009 and 2020 at a university referral center in a middle-income Latin American country. Patients´ medical records were retrospectively reviewed. Results: One hundred and forty-three patients were included. The median age at diagnosis was 60 years and 54% were male. Until the diagnosis, most of the patients (52%) were seen by at least 3 specialists, the main ones being: general practitioners (57%), nephrologists (45%), and cardiologists (38%). The most common manifestations were renal (54%) and cardiac (41%) disorders, and cachexia was seen in 36% of patients. In 72% of the cases, ≥ 2 biopsies were required until the final diagnosis. The median time from symptoms onset to diagnosis was 10.9 months, and most patients (75%) had ≥ 2 organs involved. The following subtypes were identified: AL (68%), ATTR (13%), AA (8%), AFib (4%), and inconclusive (7%). The median OS of the entire cohort was 26.7 months. Compared to the non-AL subgroup, AL patients had reduced survival [median OS of 18.5 months versus 74.3, respectively (p < 0.001)], and among them, patients with advanced cardiac stage had the worst outcome [median OS 8.6 months versus 52.3 for stage III versus I-II, respectively (p < 0.001)]. AL subtype, cardiac involvement, and ECOG ≥ 2 were identified as independent risk factors for reduced survival. Conclusions: Systemic amyloidosis is still an underdiagnosed condition and the delay in its recognition leads to poor outcomes. Medical education, better diagnostic tools, improvement in access to therapies, and establishment of referral centers may improve patient outcomes in middle-income countries.
Exploring the dynamics of a synthetic riverine bacterial community
Authors: Bonal Mathias , Goetghebuer Lise , Joseph Clémence , Gonze Didier , Faust Karoline , George Isabelle F. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The dynamics of a community of four planktonic bacterial strains isolated from river water was followed in R2 broth for 72 h in batch experiments. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and flow cytometry analyses were combined to monitor the change in abundance of each individual strain in bi-cultures and quadriculture. Two interaction networks were constructed that summarise the impact of the strains on each other’s growth rate in exponential phase and carrying capacity in stationary phase. The networks agree on the absence of positive interactions, but also show differences, implying that ecological interactions can be specific to particular growth phases. Janthinobacterium sp. was the fastest-growing strain and dominated the co-cultures. However, its growth rate was negatively affected by the presence of other strains 10 to 100 times less abundant than Janthinobacterium sp. In general, we saw a positive correlation between growth rate and carrying capacity in this system. In addition, growth rate in monoculture was predictive of carrying capacity in co-culture.
Strategies to minimise and monitor biases and imbalances by arm in surgical cluster randomised trials: evidence from ChEETAh, a trial in seven low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Omar Omar 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Cluster randomised controlled trials (cRCT) present challenges regarding risks of bias and chance imbalances by arm. This paper reports strategies to minimise and monitor biases and imbalances in the ChEETAh cRCT. Methods: ChEETAh was an international cRCT (hospitals as clusters) evaluating whether changing sterile gloves and instruments prior to abdominal wound closure reduces surgical site infection at 30 days postoperative. ChEETAh planned to recruit 12,800 consecutive patients from 64 hospitals in seven low-middle income countries. Eight strategies to minimise and monitor bias were pre-specified: (1) minimum of 4 hospitals per country; (2) pre-randomisation identification of units of exposure (operating theatres, lists, teams or sessions) within clusters; (3) minimisation of randomisation by country and hospital type; (4) site training delivered after randomisation; (5) dedicated ‘warm-up week’ to train teams; (6) trial specific sticker and patient register to monitor consecutive patient identification; (7) monitoring characteristics of patients and units of exposure; (8) low-burden outcome-assessment.Results: This analysis includes 10,686 patients from 70 clusters. The results aligned to the eight strategies were: (1) 6 out of 7 countries included >4 hospitals; (2) 87.1% (61/70) of hospitals maintained their planned operating theatres (82% [27/33] and 92% [34/37] in the intervention and control arms); (3) minimisation maintained balance of key factors in both arms; (4) post-randomisation training was conducted for all hospitals; (5) the ‘warm-up week’ was conducted at all sites, and feedback used to refine processes; (6) the sticker and trial register were maintained, with an overall inclusion of 98.1% (10686/10894) of eligible patients; (7) monitoring allowed swift identification of problems in patients inclusion and key patient characteristics were reported: malignancy (20.3% intervention vs 12.6% control), midline incisions (68.4% vs 58.9%), elective surgery (52.4% vs 42.6%); (8) 0.4% (41/9187) of patients refused consent for outcome assessment.Conclusion: cRCTs in surgery have several potential sources of bias that include varying units of exposure and the need for consecutive inclusion of all eligible patients across complex settings. We report a system that monitored and minimised risks of bias and imbalances by arm, with important lessons for future cRCTs within hospitals.
In Silico Diversity analysis of Indian Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L. Lam) genotypes using Simple Sequence Repeats
Authors: Sur Partha Pratim , Tarafdar Jayanta , Karmakar Nilima , Chakravarty Gayacharan , Roy Sanjoy Guha 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Eighty two genotypes of sweet potato of Indian collection were subjected for molecular characterization. Different 31 SSR markers were employed for population study of the genotypes with a total of 70 alleles and an average PIC value of 0.47. The SAHN dendrogram based on UPGMA clustering method depicted total 6 sub clusters where the highest K values for different genetically distinct populations interpreted was 5. POPGENE structure revealed the smallest group of total seven genotypes with highest genetic purity from genotypes of the states, West Bengal and Telengana collections. Factorial analysis majorly differentiated the genotypes between two groups of eastern to middle and collections from southern part of India.
Archaeobotanical evidence reveals the early history of the sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) usage in China
Authors: Ma Tian , Zhou Yijing , Sheng Pengfei , Jiang Hongen 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Although archaeobotanical data of sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) recovered from the sites in China had increased in recent years, the early history of human usage ways of this plant has received less attention. In this study, we collated and reevaluated all published macro-botanical data of lotus from China during 9000 − 1100 BP. The present findings suggest that Neolithic rice growers living in the middle and lower Yangtze and Yellow River basins had made extensive use of lotus roots and seeds as a supplementary starch-based food for subsistence. Furthermore, the medicinal and cultural use of the sacred lotus appears to have developed with the rise of China’s urban aristocracy from the mid-Warring States to the Late Tang Dynasty period. Our study provides the basis for further telling the story of the Chinese people’s long-term interaction with the plants of sacred lotus.
Considering the Impact of Sustainable Development Goals on Economic Boost-trip; a case from Pakistan’s Economy
Authors: Sohail Hafiz M. , Ullah Mirzat , Sohag Kazi , Rehman Faheem Ur 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This research study examines the impact of sustainable development goals indexes like education, infrastructure, foreign direct investment (FDI), and green energy transitions on economic growth. We used three decades annual time series data for the above indexes from period 1990 to 2020. We use the principal components analysis and vector error correction model (VECM) econometric techniques to investigate the statistical significancy of above employed indexes to study the effect both in long and short term. More especially, to examine the short-term effect of SDGs we used the NARDL approach to study the real-time effect. Considering the long-term coefficients on the economy of the country, the results primarily reveal that the education, foreign direct investment, and infrastructure is playing a significant positive role in the economic growth of Pakistan. Similarly, in short-term the foreign direct investment, infrastructure, and green energy transition coefficients are significant positive related to sustainable development goals. However, the education found as unsubstantial as cotribitive as other variables. The granger causality test is employed to estimate the causal association between the selected parameters. The estimated outcomes find the unidirectional causality from education and green energy transition towards economic growth, and education is found with in relation to infrastructure. Additionally, bidirectional causal relationship is found between FDI and infrastructure towards economic growth which shows that the increase in foreign investment have the potential to boost the economic growth. Finally, all the examined indexes are considered as important sources towards the economic growth.JEL classifications: F43; Q01; C23; N35
Intestine-derived α-synuclein initiates and aggravates pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease in Drosophila
Authors: Liu Wei , Lim Kah-Leong , Tan Eng-King 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Synucleinopathies, the aberrant aggregation of α-Synuclein (α-Syn), are key pathological features of Parkinson’s disease (PD), but the precise role of intestinal α-Syn in the progression of PD remains largely elusive. In a number of genetic PD Drosophila models, α-Syn is frequently ectopically expressed in the neural system to investigate the pathobiology of PD.
Method
Life span, survival, immunofluorescence and climbing were carried out to evaluate the progress of intestinal PD flies, in which human α-Syn was overexpressed in Drosophila guts. Immunofluorescence, Western blotting and ROS staining were employed to assess the effects of intestinal α-Syn on intestinal dysplasia. High-throughput RNA and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, quantitative RT‐PCR, immunofluorescence, and ROS staining were performed to determine the molecular mechanism of the PD pathogenesis.
Results
Here, we investigate the potential role of intestinal α-Syn in PD pathogenesis using a Drosophila model. We found that intestinal α-Syn alone recapitulates many features of PD-associated synucleinopathies, including impaired life span, loss of dopaminergic neurons, and progressive motor defects. Intestine-derived α-Syn disrupts intestinal homeostasis and accelerates the onset of intestinal ageing. Moreover, intestinal expression of α-Syn induces dysbiosis, while microbiome depletion is efficient to restore intestinal homeostasis and ameliorate the progression of PD. We elucidate the underlying mechanism by which intestinal α-Syn triggers reactive oxygen species (ROS), and eventually leads to activation of the DUOX-ROS-JNK pathway. In addition, α-Syn from both guts and brains synergizes to accelerate the progress of PD.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that intestinal expression of α-Syn generates PD-like etiology, and induces dysbiosis that aggravates the progress of PD through the DUOX-ROS-JNK pathway in Drosophila, providing useful insights into the underlying etiology and pathogenesis of PD.
Investigation and prediction of central cracking in cross wedge rolling
Authors: Zhou Xianyan , Sun Chaoyang , Wang Baoyu , Jiang Jun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Central cracking refers to the formation of internal cavities in cross wedge rolling (CWR) products. It occurs in various materials such as aluminium/titanium alloys, steels and plasticine at room or elevated temperatures, driven by different central cracking mechanisms. However, these mechanisms are still elusive, and a unified central cracking predictive model is absent due to the complex stress states within the workpiece, including triaxial stress states, cyclic loading and severe shear effects. In this study, the underlying fracture mechanisms were revealed, and a robust unified damage model with sound physical meanings was developed using a lab-scale CWR physical model and finite element models. The physical model with the plasticine billets was built, allowing the CWR dies with different geometries rapidly 3D printed and the billets with various ductility efficiently manufactured. The central cracking transiting from brittle to ductile fracture was experimentally observed for the first time using specifically designed plasticine/flour composite samples at varying ductility. The corresponding physics-based central cracking predictive model was proposed and validated quantitatively with 60 groups of CWR tests and compared with ten existing damage models/fracture criteria. This study effectively solves the long-lasting central cracking problem in the CWR industry and enhances the scientific understanding of fracture mechanics in complex engineering applications.
Clinical Characteristics, Management Strategies and Outcomes of Patients with Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism in the Real World
Authors: Yamashita Yugo , Morimoto Takeshi , Kadota Kazushige , Takase Toru , Hiramori Seiichi , Kim Kitae , Oi Maki , Akao Masaharu , Kobayashi Yohei , Toyofuku Mamoru , Inoko Moriaki , Tada Tomohisa , Chen Po-Min , Murata Koichiro , Tsuyuki Yoshiaki , Nishimoto Yuji , Sakamoto Jiro , Togi Kiyonori , Mabuchi Hiroshi , Takabayashi Kensuke , Kato Takao , Ono Koh , Kimura Takeshi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
There is a paucity of data on management strategies and clinical outcomes after recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE).
Method
In a multicenter registry enrolling 3027 patients with acute symptomatic VTE, the current study population was divided into the following 3 groups: 1) First recurrent VTE on anticoagulation therapy (N = 110); 2) First recurrent VTE off anticoagulation therapy (N = 116); and 3) No recurrent VTE (N = 2801).
Results
Patients with first recurrent VTE on anticoagulation therapy more often had active cancer (45%, 25%, and 22%, P < 0.001). Among 110 patients with first recurrent VTE on anticoagulation therapy, 84 patients (76%) received warfarin at recurrent VTE with the median prothrombin time-international normalized ratio (PT-INR) value at recurrent VTE of 1.6, although patients with active cancer had a significantly higher median PT-INR value at recurrent VTE compared with those without active cancer (2.0 versus 1.4, P < 0.001). Within 90 days after recurrent VTE, 23 patients (20.9%) on and 24 patients (20.7%) off anticoagulation therapy died.
Conclusions
Active cancer was a major cause of recurrent VTE during anticoagulation therapy as a patient-related factor, while sub-optimal intensity of anticoagulation therapy was a major cause of recurrent VTE during anticoagulation therapy as a treatment-related factor, particularly in patients without active cancer.