bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and maternal and child health outcomes: a scoping review of the literature from low-and-middle income countries from 2016 - 2021
Authors: Da Thi Tran Thao , Murray Linda , Van Vo Thang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy is significantly associated with negative outcomes for both mother and child. Current evidence indicates an association between low levels of social support and IPV, however there is less evidence from low-and-middle income countries (LMIC) than high-income countries. Globally, the COVID-19 pandemic has radically altered how women can access social support. Hence since 2020, studies investigating IPV and pregnancy have occurred within the changing social context of the pandemic.

Objective
This scoping review summarizes the evidence from LMICs about the effects of IPV during pregnancy on maternal and child health. The review includes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on social support as mentioned in studies conducted since 2020.

Design
Library databases were used to identify papers from 2016 to 2021. These studies reported the maternal and child health outcomes of IPV during pregnancy, and described how social support during pregnancy, and the COVID-19 pandemic, were associated with rates of IPV during pregnancy. Observational study designs, qualitative and mixed methods studies were included.

Results
Twenty - six studies from 13 LMICs were included. Half (n = 13) were cross sectional studies which only collected data at one time-point. IPV during pregnancy was significantly associated with higher odds of postpartum depression, low birth weight, preterm birth and less breastfeeding in the year after birth. Lower levels of social support increased the odds of experiencing IPV during pregnancy, whilst higher levels of social support reduced antenatal anxiety and depression in women experiencing IPV during pregnancy. Of the four studies that investigated IPV during pregnancy throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, only one compared prevalence before and after the pandemic and unexpectedly reported a lower prevalence.

Conclusions
Further research on the impact of IPV during pregnancy on maternal and child outcomes in LMICs is required, especially evidence from longitudinal studies investigating a wider range of outcomes. To date, there is limited evidence on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on IPV during pregnancy in LMICs, and this should be prioritized as the pandemic continues to affect women’s access to social support globally.
The rationale for treating uveal melanoma with adjuvant melatonin: a review of the literature
Authors: Hagström Anna , Kal Omar Ruba , Williams Pete A. , Stålhammar Gustav 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundUveal melanoma is a rare form of cancer with high mortality. The incidence of metastases is attributed to early seeding of micrometastases from the eye to distant organs, primarily the liver. Once these seeded clusters of dormant tumor cells grow into larger radiologically detectable macrometastases, median patient survival is about 1 year. Melatonin is an important hormone for synchronizing circadian rhythms. It is also involved in other aspects of human physiology and may offer therapeutic benefits for a variety of diseases including cancer.MethodsArticles involving the physiological effects of melatonin, pharmacokinetics, and previous use in cancer studies were acquired using a comprehensive literature search in the Medline (PubMed) and Web of Science databases. In total, 147 publications were selected and included in the review.ResultsMelatonin has been observed to suppress the growth of cancer cells, inhibit metastatic spread, enhance immune system functions, and act as an anti-inflammatory in both in vitro and in vivo models. Melatonin may also enhance the efficacy of cancer treatments such as immuno- and chemotherapy. Numerous studies have shown promising results for oral melatonin supplementation in patients with other forms of cancer including cutaneous malignant melanoma. Cell line and animal studies support a hypothesis in which similar benefits may exist for uveal melanoma.ConclusionsGiven its low cost, good safety profile, and limited side effects, there may be potential for the use of melatonin as an adjuvant oncostatic treatment. Future avenues of research could include clinical trials to evaluate the effect of melatonin in prevention of macrometastases of uveal melanoma.
If we build it, will they come? Perspectives on pharmacy-based naloxone among family and friends of people who use opioids: a mixed methods study
Authors: Slocum Susannah , Ozga Jenny E. , Joyce Rebecca , Walley Alexander Y. , Pollini Robin A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Expanding access to the opioid antagonist naloxone to reduce overdose mortality is a public health priority in the United States. Naloxone standing orders (NSOs) have been established in many states to increase naloxone dispensing at pharmacies, but increased pharmacy access does not ensure optimal uptake among those likely to witness an overdose. In a prior statewide purchase trial, we documented high levels of naloxone access at Massachusetts pharmacies under a statewide NSO. In this study, we characterize barriers to pharmacy-based naloxone uptake among potential opioid overdose “bystanders” (friends or family of people who use opioids) that may be amenable to intervention.

Methods
Eligible bystanders were Massachusetts residents ≥ 18 years of age, did not use illicit opioids in the past 30 days, and knew someone who currently uses illicit opioids. We used a sequential mixed methods approach, in which a series of semi-structured qualitative interviews (N = 22) were conducted April-July 2018, to inform the development of a subsequent quantitative survey (N = 260), conducted February-July 2020.

Results
Most survey participants (77%) reported ever obtaining naloxone but few (21%) attempted to purchase it at a pharmacy. Qualitative participants revealed that barriers to utilizing the NSO included low perceived risk of overdose, which was rooted in misconceptions regarding the risks of prescription opioid misuse, denial about their loved one’s drug use, and drug use stereotypes; inaccurate beliefs about the impact of naloxone on riskier opioid use; and concerns regarding anticipated stigma and confidentiality. Many participants had engaged in mutual support groups, which served as a source of free naloxone for half (50%) of those who had ever obtained naloxone.

Conclusions
Despite high levels of pharmacy naloxone access in Massachusetts, few bystanders in our study had attempted to obtain naloxone under the NSO. Low perceived risk of overdose, misinformation, stigma, and confidentiality were important barriers to pharmacy naloxone uptake, all of which are amenable to intervention. Support groups provided a setting for addressing stigma and misinformation and provided a discreet and comfortable setting for naloxone access. Where these groups do not exist and for bystanders who do not participate in such groups, pharmacies are well-positioned to fill gaps in naloxone availability.
Association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and tooth loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ahmadinia Amir Reza , Rahebi Donya , Mohammadi Masoud , Ghelichi-Ghojogh Mousa , Jafari Alireza , Esmaielzadeh Firooz , Rajabi Abdolhalim 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundSeveral studies have assessed the relationship between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and tooth loss; however, results have been inconsistent. Therefore, the present systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies was designed to examine the association between T2D and tooth loss.MethodsThis systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Guideline. We searched all the relevant studies in international databases of Scopus, PubMed, ProQuest, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google scholar search engine until February 2022. The heterogeneity of the studies was calculated using the I2index. Measure of effect and 95% confidence interval (CI) were extracted from each study. The results of the study were analyzed using the random effects model.ResultsIn the present study, 22 eligible studies were included. Meta-analysis of unadjusted and adjusted results showed that T2D significantly increased the risk of tooth loss, and Odds Ratio (OR) unadjusted was 1.87 (95% CI: 1.62–2.13,p < 0.001), and OR adjusted was 1.20 (95% CI: 1.10–1.30,p < 0.001), respectively. Subgroup analysis based on study design for adjusted OR indicated that in the cohort study (OR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.07–1.51), in the cross-sectional study (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.06–1.23), and in the case-control study (OR: 5.10, 95% CI: 1.01–9.18) there was a significant association between T2D and tooth loss. Other subgroups analyses showed consistent results and no publication bias existed.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that T2D is associated with increased risk of tooth loss. This conclusion may provide useful evidence for correlated clinical researches.
Cross-cultural validation and psychometric testing of the Debriefing Experience Scale (DES): a cross-sectional study
Authors: Xie Ya Dian , Li Xin Yi , Liu Qian , Huang Run , Li Ting , Fang Ya Xuan , Luo Dan , Wan Yonghui , Yang Bing Xiang , Reed Shelly J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The Debriefing Experience Scale (DES) is a tool that is used to explore nursing students’ subjective experiences during a debriefing and to help determine best debriefing practices. A Chinese version of the scale has not been found; its development can enhance learning in simulation activites in Chinese healthcare education programs.

Methods
A simplified Chinese version of the DES was developed and tested using 34 Chinese undergraduate (second year) nursing students. They participated in six simulation scenarios and debriefings. Eight experts were consulted to determine the content validity of the scale. Critical ratio method, Cronbach’s alpha, intraclass correlation coefficient, correlation coefficient and factor analysis were used in testing the psychometric properties of the scale.

Results
Analysis of 200 scales showed that the simplified Chinese version of the DES had good potential in discriminatiing Chinese nursing students’ experiences of debriefing.

Conclusions
The simplified Chinese DES was effective in evaluating the experience of debriefing. A larger sample size and multicenter research is needed to confirm these findings.
Assessment of glycemia in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Hassanein Mohamed , Shafi Tariq 
Published: April 2022

AbstractReliable assessment of glycemia is central to the management of diabetes. The kidneys play a vital role in maintaining glucose homeostasis through glucose filtration, reabsorption, consumption, and generation. This review article highlights the role of the kidneys in glucose metabolism and discusses the benefits, pitfalls, and evidence behind the glycemic markers in patients with chronic kidney disease. We specifically highlight the role of continuous glucose monitoring as an emerging minimally invasive technique for glycemic assessment.
Theoretical analysis of wake/sleep changes in brain solute transport suggests a flow of interstitial fluid
Authors: Thomas John H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractClearance of protein waste products from the brain is accomplished by a combination of advection and diffusion in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and interstitial fluid (ISF). In the glymphatic model, there is a flow of ISF in the interstitial space, and both advection and diffusion occur there. Such a flow of ISF would be slow and difficult to detect directly, and its existence has proved controversial. Waste clearance has been shown to occur mainly during sleep, during which the volume of the interstitial space increases substantially due to ISF emitted from astrocytes. Here I show that this volume increase of the interstitial space, by itself, should lead to a slight reduction of diffusive transport, due to dilution of the waste solute, but to a significant increase in flow rate and advective transport, due to lowered hydraulic resistance. Thus, a flow of ISF together with the observed volume increase of the interstitial space might provide an important mechanism contributing to the enhanced clearance during sleep.
Diagnostic utility of antigen detection rapid diagnostic tests for Covid-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ghasemi Somaye , Harmooshi Narges Nazari , Rahim Fakher 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The early detection of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection to improve disease management becomes the greatest challenge. Despite the high sensitivity of RT-PCR, not only it was reported that 20–67% of infected patients had false-negative results. Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are widely used as a point-of-care test for SARS-CoV-2 detection in pharyngeal and blood specimens. It’s more appealing since it’s less time-consuming, doesn’t seem to be as expensive, and doesn’t need any specific training, but the poor sensitivity is the major limitation. Several reports indicated the rapid test of blood and pharyngeal samples has the same sensitivity as the RT-PCR, but some reports have lower sensitivity, especially in asymptomatic patients.

Methods
In the present survey, we investigate the eligible studies for the sensitivity and specificity of rapid tests and explore the factors that influence the result to help better diagnose COVID-19 infection. 20 studies met the inclusion criteria which imposed 33 different tests.

Results
Our findings showed the type of sample, the type of assay, the time of sampling, and the load of virus influence on the sensitivity of RDTs.

Conclusion
This research extends our knowledge of how to improve the sensitivity of RDTs to better diagnose the infected patients to address the controlling COVID-19 pandemic.
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate ameliorates hepatic damages by relieve FGF21 resistance and promotion of FGF21–AMPK pathway in mice fed a high fat diet
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Yin Ruili , Lang Jianan , Fu Ying , Yang Longyan , Zhao Dong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered to be one of the most common chronic liver diseases across worldwide. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) derived from extract of green tea and is well known for beneficial effects on anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor activity. The present study aimed to implore its underlying mechanism for protective effect of NAFLD.MethodsMice were fed either high fat diet (HFD) or chow diet with or without EGCG treatment in HFD group, for up to 16 weeks. Histopathology, expression of lipid and glucose metabolism and lipogenesis-related gene expression were assessed. Primary mouse hepatocytes were treated with free fatty acids combined with different doses of EGCG for 48 h, expression of lipid and lipogenesis-related gene expression were assessed.ResultsThe results showed that EGCG attenuated HFD- and FFA-induced lipid accumulation in vivo and in vitro. EGCG can decrease the oxidative stress and promote Nrf2 level. Meanwhile EGCG alleviated FGF21 resistance and elevated FGFR/AMPK expression, which suggested an unrecognized mechanism of EGCG in ameliorating NAFLD.ConclusionsEGCG attenuated hepatocytes damage and dysfunction in NAFLD by alleviating FGF21 resistance and improve FGFR/AMPK pathway, mitigating oxidative stress. Our studies verified that EGCG may become a promising drug to treat or relieve NAFLD.
Brain pathological changes during neurodegenerative diseases and their identification methods: How does QSM perform in detecting this process?
Authors: Nikparast Farzaneh , Ganji Zohreh , Danesh Doust Mohammad , Faraji Reyhane , Zare Hoda 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe presence of iron is essential for many biological processes in the body. But sometimes, for various reasons, the amount of iron deposition in different areas of the brain increases, which leads to problems related to the nervous system. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is one of the newest magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based methods for assessing iron accumulation in target areas. This Narrative Review article aims to evaluate the performance of QSM compared to other methods of assessing iron deposition in the clinical field. Based on the results, we introduced related basic definitions, some neurodegenerative diseases, methods of examining iron deposition in these diseases, and their advantages and disadvantages. This article states that the QSM method can be introduced as a new, reliable, and non-invasive technique for clinical evaluations.
Graphical abstract
Analysis of human brain tissue derived from DBS surgery
Authors: Kangas Salla M. , Teppo Jaakko , Lahtinen Maija J. , Suoranta Anu , Ghimire Bishwa , Mattila Pirkko , Uusimaa Johanna , Varjosalo Markku , Katisko Jani , Hinttala Reetta 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of human brain tissue is hindered by the availability of fresh samples from living patients. Postmortem samples usually represent the advanced disease stage of the patient. Furthermore, the postmortem interval can affect the transcriptomic and proteomic profiles. Therefore, fresh brain tissue samples from living patients represent a valuable resource of metabolically intact tissue. Implantation of deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes into the human brain is a neurosurgical treatment for, e.g., movement disorders. Here, we describe an improved approach to collecting brain tissues from surgical instruments used in implantation of DBS device for transcriptomics and proteomics analyses.

Methods
Samples were extracted from guide tubes and recording electrodes used in routine DBS implantation procedure to treat patients with Parkinson’s disease, genetic dystonia and tremor. RNA sequencing was performed in tissues extracted from the recording microelectrodes and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) performed in tissues from guide tubes. To assess the performance of the current approach, the obtained datasets were compared with previously published datasets representing brain tissues.

Results
Altogether, 32,034 RNA transcripts representing the unique Ensembl gene identifiers were detected from eight samples representing both hemispheres of four patients. By using LC-MS, we identified 734 unique proteins from 31 samples collected from 14 patients. The datasets are available in the BioStudies database (accession number S-BSST667). Our results indicate that surgical instruments used in DBS installation retain brain material sufficient for protein and gene expression studies. Comparison with previously published datasets obtained with similar approach proved the robustness and reproducibility of the protocol.

Conclusions
The instruments used during routine DBS surgery are a useful source for obtaining fresh brain tissues from living patients. This approach overcomes the issues that arise from using postmortem tissues, such as the effect of postmortem interval on transcriptomic and proteomic landscape of the brain, and can be used for studying molecular aspects of DBS-treatable diseases.
Magnetic petrology of pumice fall deposits of the 1783 eruption of Asama volcano, Japan
Authors: Kanamaru Tatsuo , Furukawa Kuniyuki , Zhao Xiangyu , Suganuma Yusuke 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMagnetic petrological investigations were conducted on the pumice fall deposits of the 1783 eruption of Asama volcano to examine relationships between bulk magnetic properties and petrological features related to the magmatic and volcanic processes of the eruption. The magnetic properties of the deposits agree with the mineralogical investigation, indicating the existence of titanomagnetite and pyrrhotite as magnetic minerals in the deposits. Although most magnetic properties are common over depositional units, mass-specific magnetic susceptibility decreases as the eruption progressed, implying a change in titanomagnetite abundance. This is consistent with a previously proposed binary magma mixing model and is because of the increasing mafic endmember component without titanomagnetite. Our results demonstrate that magnetic petrology can be a useful tool for investigating volcanic and magmatic processes.
Graphical Abstract
Equivalent outcomes of ACL revision with over-the-top single and double-bundle reconstruction using hamstring tendon compared to anatomical single and double-bundle reconstruction
Authors: Kamei Goki , Nakamae Atsuo , Ishikawa Masakazu , Nakata Kyohei , Nekomoto Akinori , Tsuji Shunya , Hashiguchi Naofumi , Adachi Nobuo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
In revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), our procedure of choice is the over-the-top route (OTTR) for cases where it is difficult to use a primary bone tunnel or to create a new bone tunnel due to the enlargement or malposition of the bone tunnel. Depending on the condition of the primary bone tunnel, we choose single (bone tunnel or OTTR) or double (bone tunnel or anteromedial (AM) bundle: OTTR /posterolateral (PL) bundle: bone tunnel) for femoral fixation. This study showed the results of single and double OTTR revision ACLR using the hamstring tendon.

Methods
Seventy-eight patients, who underwent revision ACLR using the hamstring tendon and who could be followed up for more than 2 year, were included in this study. The methods of revision ACLR were single in 54 cases (bone tunnel: 24 cases; OTTR method: 30 cases) and double in 24 cases (bone tunnel: 16 cases; OTTR for AM bundle and bone tunnel for PL bundle: eight cases). The cause of re-injury, the meniscus and cartilage injury, the reconstruction method, and the Lysholm score, Lachman test, Pivot-shift test, and the side-to-side difference in the tibial anterior translation were evaluated before and after surgery.

Results
There was no statistically significant difference in the Lyshom score, Lachman / Pivotshift test and side-to-side difference anterior translation of the tibia between the four groups.

Conclusions
The clinical results of single and double OTTR revision ACLR are equivalent to those of anatomic single and double bone tunnel procedures.