bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relative contributions of actor and partner forgiveness and attachment to couples' functioning
Authors: Conradi H. J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to examine the relative contributions of actor and partner forgiveness and attachment to couples' functioning.BackgroundViolations of expectations between romantic partners are inevitable and may cause severe relationship distress. Both forgiveness and secure attachment enhance constructive emotion regulation with positive effects on relationship functioning. Although these effects have been well documented in isolation, the relative contributions of forgiveness and attachment to relationship functioning have hardly been studied. This is unfortunate, as such knowledge could inform effective interventions.MethodA large Dutch national population sample representative in terms of age and education (N = 1,014 couples) was recruited and actor and partner effects of forgiveness and attachment on relationship satisfaction and instability were examined by applying actor–partner interdependence modeling (APIM).ResultsSeparate examination showed that actor and partner forgiveness explained 14.2% of the variance of relationship satisfaction and 7.2% of instability, while attachment explained 46.7% and 18.9%, respectively. Simultaneous examination showed shrinkage of forgiveness effects, whereas attachment effects remained robust. Actor avoidance was the main predictor of both outcomes, whereas partner forgiveness displayed small to nonsignificant effects.ConclusionEffects of forgiveness on relationship satisfaction and stability are modest compared to attachment.ImplicationsThe results suggest the importance of not framing relationship problems exclusively in terms of forgiveness but also in terms of the more inclusive attachment conceptualization of emotion regulation, in order to broaden the potential impact of interventions.
Effects of cavitation jet peening treatment on the residual stress and fatigue properties of SAF2205 cruciform welded joints
Authors: Zheng Hong‐Xiang , Luo Yun , Jiang Wenchun , Zang Jingyu , Xie Xuefang , Dong Zhilong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe cruciform welded joint is a weak position of filter press to cause fatigue failure under cyclic conditions. In this study, cavitation jet peening (CJP) treatment is proposed to improve the fatigue life of SAF2205 cruciform welded joints. The effects of different CJP treatment positions on the residual stress, microstructure, and microhardness were studied. The results show that different CJP treatment positions have different on residual stresses and fatigue life. The order of the residual stress in fracture position from large to small is the fully treated specimen, untreated specimen, one‐sided treated specimen, and diagonal treated specimen, which is exactly opposite to the order of fatigue life from large to small. After the diagonal CJP treatment, the fatigue life is increased by up to 242.19%, and the residual stress at the weld toe is reduced by more than 80%. A strengthening layer with thicknesses of about 400 μm is formed.
Learning to let go: An examination of the pedagogical role of suffering in the ‘working‐through’ of metaphysics’
Authors: Witherington T. Derrick 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTWhile Louis‐Marie Chauvet’s (1942‐) theology has been widely commented upon, relatively few commentators have critically engaged Chauvet as a fundamental theologian, particularly evaluating the ‘working‐through’ of ontotheology he proposes. In approaching this, I will ask whether and how suffering has a role in this process, for, if ontotheological ways of thought are something nearly innate to human beings, then it seems likely that ‘working through’ them would be a painful process involving some existential suffering. In order to accomplish this, I will be utilising insights of the relatively uncommented upon American philosopher Jerome A. Miller, who has written of how suffering through the loss of our false self‐image is the way towards authentic humanity and transcendence. Moreover, I think Miller’s ‘pedagogy of suffering’ provides a means of connecting Chauvet’s project to a wider context of human experience rather than limiting the realm of ‘working‐through’ to the liturgical realm. However, it is Chauvet’s notion of the ethical liturgy of the neighbour which also prevents Miller’s phenomenological analysis from remaining overly abstract. Ultimately, then, this article represents a unique engagement with Chauvet’s theology in dialogue with Miller’s philosophy, which has implications for sacramental and fundamental theology, as well as pastoral practice.
Red glass in Kunckel's Ars Vitraria Experimentalis: The importance of temperature
Authors: Vilarigues Márcia , Ruivo Andreia , Hagendijk Thijs , Bandiera Mario , Coutinho Mathilda , Alves Luis C. , Dupré Sven 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe role of the melting conditions and furnaces used to the obtained final colors has always been a question raised when investigating formulations and recipes of historical glasses. The focus of the present work is the reproduction of three recipes of red enamel glass of the manuscript by Neri, L'arte vetraria (1612) following the translation and comments by Kunckel's in Ars Vitraria Experimentalis (1679). The reproductions include the production of each individual compound of the selected recipes following instructions, and the final glass production in electric and wood‐fire furnaces to assess the effect of different melting conditions. A multianalytical approach was used to fully characterize the produced samples allowing the study of the enamel chemical composition, color, crystals formations, and thermal properties. The results indicate that no significant color differences may be attributed to the melting conditions. However, it revealed that the samples produced in the electric furnace at 1200°C present a high crystallinity degree and the formation of white crystals at room temperature in a short period of time. The formation of crystals on glass is critical, and historically, to avoid it, these recipes must have been made at temperatures between 1050 and 1100°C.
A pragmatic, performance‐based approach to levee safety assessments
Authors: Rikkert Stephan Johannes Hendrikus , Kok Matthijs , Lendering Kasper , Jongejan Ruben 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFlood prone areas are often protected against flooding by an extensive network of flood defenses. To ensure their structural integrity, these flood defenses are periodically assessed. Many levees have been functioning well for decades, and have survived several relatively high hydraulic loads within their lifetime. However, information on survived load conditions is seldom included in levee safety assessments. Observed degradation from levee inspections is also not taken into account. That way, information that is useful to improve the accuracy of estimations of the actual strength of the levee remains unexploited. This study proposes a pragmatic approach to include observations of survived loads and levee degradation in the levee safety assessment. This approach consists of three steps: (1) a prior estimation of the failure probability, based on levee characteristics, (2) a posterior estimation of the failure probability, based on observed hydraulic loads, and (3) correction of the posterior failure probability estimation, based on levee inspections. In a case study, the estimated failure probabilities using this approach were much lower than when information on levee performance was not included. This study demonstrates the value of levee performance observations and how they could be included to improve levee safety assessments.
The SII reflects inflammation in acne vulgaris, but fails to determine categorical severity
Authors: Turan Çağrı , Coşansu Nur Cihan , Yüksekal Gülcan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundSystemic Immune Inflammation Index (SII; calculated by multiplying neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio and platelet count) has been investigated as a marker of inflammation.Aimwe aimed to investigate the relationship of SII with acne severity and whether it can be used as a practical method in determining categorical acne severity.Materials and MethodsAll participants (aged 15–30 years, n = 212) were prospectively evaluated with acne severity scales, including the Global Acne‐Grading System (GAGS), the Comprehensive Acne Severity Scale (CASS), and the Patient‐centered Acne Severity Scale. Patients were grouped according to GAGS: healthy individuals (n = 53), patients with mild (n = 44), moderate (n = 86), and severe acne (n = 29). Patients' hemogram data obtained simultaneously with the physical examination were used in the analysis.ResultsThe groups were statistically similar in terms of age and gender, both according to acne severity and current lesion types. The neutrophil count was significantly higher in patients with nodulocystic acne than in acne patients with non‐inflammatory lesions or healthy individuals (p: 0.022). SII was significantly higher in acne patients with nodulocystic lesions than in individuals with milder lesions, both non‐inflammatory and inflammatory (p = 0.004). SII was weakly significantly correlated with GAGS, CASS, and the number of nodulocystic lesions (r = 0.164, p = 0.018; r = 0.147, p = 0.034; r = 0.222, p = 0.001). However, none of the hemogram parameters, including SII, differed in classifying acne severity according to GAGS (p > 0.05).ConclusionsSystemic immune inflammation index may be a new and reliable inflammatory marker to reflect the severity of inflammation, especially in patients with nodulocystic acne, although it is not useful in categorizing acne severity.
Developing a visual model for predicting depression in patients with lung cancer
Authors: Xing Yanqing , Zhao Wenxiao , Duan Chenchen , Zheng Jun , Zhao Xuelian , Yang Jingyu , Sun Na , Chen Jie 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesTo investigate and analyse the prevalence of depression among patients with lung cancer, identify risk factors of depression, and develop a visual, non‐invasive, and straightforward clinical prediction model that can be used to predict the risk probability of depression in patients with lung cancer quantitatively.BackgroundDepression is one of the common concomitant symptoms of patients with lung cancer, which can increase the risk of suicide. However, the current assessment tools cannot combine multiple risk factors to predict the risk probability of depression in patients.DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodsThe clinical data from 297 patients with lung cancer in China were collected and analysed in this cross‐sectional study. The clinical prediction model was constructed according to the results of the Chi‐square test and the logistic regression analysis, evaluated by discrimination, calibration, and decision curve analysis, and visualised by a nomogram. This study was reported using the TRIPOD checklist.Results130 patients with lung cancer had depressive symptoms with a prevalence of 43.77%. A visual prediction model was constructed based on age, disease duration, exercise, stigma, and resilience. This model showed good discrimination at an AUC of 0.842. Calibration curve analysis indicated a good agreement between experimental and predicted values, and the decision curve analysis showed a high clinical utility.ConclusionsThe visual prediction model developed in this study has excellent performance, which can accurately predict the occurrence of depression in patients with lung cancer at an early stage and assist the medical staff in taking targeted preventative measures.Relevance to clinical practiceThe visual, non‐invasive, and simple nomogram can help clinical medical staff to calculate the risk probability of depression among patients with lung cancer, formulate personalised preventive care measures for high‐risk groups as soon as possible, and improve the quality of life of patients.
GRP genes in potato genome and their expression response to phytohormone and Ralstonia solanacearum
Authors: Luo Yongping , Wang Cong , Yang Rujie , Liu Hongliang , Suo Yanyun , Gao Gang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCell wall glycine‐rich proteins (GRPs) play important roles in plant growth and development, as well as in the effective prevention of plant diseases. Although members of the GRP family have been identified in several plants, a comprehensive analysis of GRPs has not been reported in Solanaceae plants. In this study, 43 GRPs were identified from Solanum tuberosum (named StGRPs), Solanum lycopersicum, Capsicum annuum and Nicotiana attenuata. The comparative study of these GRPs showed that they were conservative in physical properties, structures of genes and motifs. The expression patterns of Solanum tuberosum StGRPs under biotic and abiotic stress were analysed and presented very diverse profiles in responding to ABA, IAA, GA3, high salinity, pathogen and heat stress. Some StGRPs were preferentially and specifically expressed during the development of petioles and tubers, in which the expression of StGRPs was more sensitive to ABA confirmed by qRT‐PCR analysis. The strongly up‐regulated expression of StGRP1 induced by Ralstonia solanacearum indicated the positive role involved in the resistance against the bacterial wilt pathogen. Tissue localization analyses by Digoxin/fluorescence in situ hybridization indicated that the expression of StGRP1 was vascular‐specific and associated with cell wall thickening in vascular bundles and interfascicular fibres after R. solanacearum inoculation. These findings may provide a new insight into the roles of GRPs in adaptation to diverse stresses and in resistance to R. solanacearum in potatoes.
Population genomics of an emergent tri‐species hybrid zone
Authors: Natola Libby , Seneviratne Sampath S. , Irwin Darren 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIsolating barriers that drive speciation are commonly studied in the context of two‐species hybrid zones. There is, however, evidence that more complex introgressive relationships are common in nature. Here, we use field observations and genomic analysis, including the sequencing and assembly of a novel reference genome, to study an emergent hybrid zone involving two colliding hybrid zones of three woodpecker species: red‐breasted, red‐naped, and yellow‐bellied sapsuckers (Sphyrapicus ruber, S. nuchalis, and S. varius). Surveys of the area surrounding Prince George, British Columbia, Canada, show that all three species are sympatric, and Genotyping‐by‐Sequencing identifies hybrids from each species pair and birds with ancestry from all three species. Observations of phenotypes and genotypes of mated pairs provide evidence for assortative mating, though there is some heterospecific pairing. Hybridization is more extensive in this tri‐species hybrid zone than in two di‐species hybrid zones. However, there is no evidence of a hybrid swarm and admixture is constrained to contact zones, so we classify this region as a tension zone and invoke selection against hybrids as a likely mechanism maintaining species boundaries. Analysis of sapsucker age classes does not show disadvantages in hybrid survival to adulthood, so we speculate the selection upholding the tension zone may involve hybrid fecundity. Gene flow among all sapsuckers in di‐species hybrid zones suggests introgression probably occurred before the formation of this tri‐species hybrid zone, and might result from bridge hybridization, vagrancies, or other three‐species interactions.
Desirable Difficulty: Theory and application of intentionally challenging learning
Authors: Nelson Adin , Eliasz Kinga L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractContextHealth professions trainees must acquire a vast amount of clinical knowledge and skills, and a deliberate instructional design approach is needed to provide trainees with effective learning strategies. One powerful yet counterintuitive strategy that facilitates long‐term learning is incorporating intentional difficulties during the learning process. Difficulties that require more effort from learners may impede short‐term learning but are ultimately beneficial for long‐term learning and are therefore termed Desirable Difficulties.ObjectivesIn this cross‐cutting edge paper, we describe the Desirable Difficulty effect from three theoretical perspectives originating in different fields, discuss common evidence‐based Desirable Difficulty strategies used in Health Professions Education and explore emerging research that could further optimise Desirable Difficulty‐enhanced learning for health professions trainees.MethodsWe synthesise theory and research from psychology, cognitive science and Health Professions Education literatures to further the understanding and application of Desirable Difficulties. We introduce three theoretical perspectives that provide a comprehensive overview of the theoretical underpinnings of the Desirable Difficulty effect: the New Theory of Disuse, the Challenge Point Framework and Cognitive Load Theory. We then illustrate how three common Desirable Difficulty strategies in medical education research—retrieval practice, spaced practice and interleaved practice—can be understood through these theoretical lenses. Finally, we provide relevant examples from the literature and explore emerging research in this area.ConclusionsThis paper summarises the theory and empirical research on Desirable Difficulties during the learning process, from explaining what they are and why they may be effective to how they have been applied in different contexts. We argue that providing educators and trainees with a comprehensive theoretical and applied understanding of Desirable Difficulty will promote deliberate instructional design decisions and lead to more effective learning.
National memory in exile: The case of the Georgian émigré community, 1921–2018
Authors: Kekelia Elene 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the construction and role of national memory in exile through the intersection of nationalism and memory studies. Building on descriptions of the Georgian émigré memory, its comparison with the Soviet Georgian identity and its travelling trajectory, this study illustrates the potential of subaltern national exilic memory. My research data on prominent Georgian émigrés are juxtaposed with a recent historical study of the internal diaspora of prominent Georgians in the Soviet Union. This is a story of postcolonial intellectuals and nationalist elites who acted as a carrier group in 1921, advocating internationally against the suffering of Soviet Georgians. Exiles produced an alternative account, comprised of four counternarratives, to that of the Soviet Union. These identified narratives constitute a stored memory that became an available past for Georgia. The safeguarded émigré memory was negotiated, recovered, used for centennial celebrations in 2018 and finally reintegrated into the national body.
Impact of phosphate binders on quality of life in dialysis patients: Results from the prospective Dutch nOcturnal and hoME dialysis Study To Improve Clinical Outcomes study
Authors: Colombijn Julia M. T. , Vonk Sanne , Cornelis Tom , Boorsma Siska , Krekels Marielle M. E. , Abrahams Alferso C. , van Jaarsveld Brigit C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundPhosphate binders cause high pill burden for dialysis patients, complicate medication regimens, and have unpleasant taste and large size which may affect patients' quality of life. This study explores the association between phosphate binder pill burden and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in dialysis patients.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional multi‐centre cohort study in 21 Dutch dialysis centres. Phosphate binder pill burden was extracted from electronic patient records. Primary outcome was HRQoL measured with the Short Form 12 physical and mental component summary scores (PCS and MCS). Secondary endpoints were severity of gastro‐intestinal symptoms, itching, dry mouth, and mental health symptoms, measured with the Dialysis Symptom Index.ResultsOf 388 included patients, aged 62 ± 16 years, 77% underwent haemodialysis. PCS scores were comparable for patients with and without phosphate binders. Patients using 1–3 pills reported lower scores for decreased appetite (β −0.5; 95%CI −0.9 to −0.2), implying better appetite, than patients without phosphate binders. Patients using 4–6 pills also reported lower scores for decreased appetite (β −0.5; 95%CI −0.8 to −0.1) and for itching (β −0.5; 95%CI −0.9 to −0.1). Patients using >6 pills reported lower MCS (β −2.9; 95%CI −6.2–0.4) and higher scores for feeling nervous (β 0.6; 95%CI 0.1–1.1) and feeling sad (β 0.4; 95%CI 0.0–0.9).ConclusionPhosphate binder pill burden is not associated with physical quality of life. A higher pill burden is associated with better appetite and less itching. Patients using >6 pills per day report lower mental quality of life and felt nervous and sad more often.
Epigenetic modulation of visceral nociception
Authors: Zhou QiQi , Verne George Nicholas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEpigenetics is a process that alters gene activity or phenotype without any changes in the underlying DNA sequence or genotype. These biological changes may have deleterious effects and can lead to various human diseases. Ongoing research is continuing to illuminate the role of epigenetics in a variety of pathophysiologic processes. Several categories of epigenetic mechanisms have been studied including chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation, histone modification, and non‐coding RNA mechanisms. These epigenetic changes can have a long‐term effect on gene expression without any underlying changes in the DNA sequences. The underlying pathophysiology of disorders of brain‐gut interaction and stress‐induced visceral pain are not fully understood and the role of epigenetic mechanisms in these disorders are starting to be better understood. Current work is underway to determine how epigenetics plays a role in the neurobiology of patients with chronic visceral pain and heightened visceral nociception. More recently, both animal models and human studies have shown how epigenetic regulation modulates stress‐induced visceral pain. While much more work is needed to fully delineate the mechanistic role of epigenetics in the neurobiology of chronic visceral nociception, the current study by Louwies et al., in Neurogastroenterology and Motility provides additional evidence supporting the involvement of epigenetic alterations in the central nucleus of the amygdala in stress‐induced visceral hypersensitivity in rodents.