bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review of the 2021 ChinaCALL conference
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Wang Qi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper aims to provide an overview of the 2021 ChinaCALL conference. The topics range from the traditional ones of teaching, learning and assessment to the emerging fields of intelligent computer-assisted language learning (iCALL), conversational agents and language development, the reconceptualisation of teacher digital literacy, reflections upon perfunctory gamification in language learning and particularly pedagogy in the post-pandemic era. In addition, the ability of technology to facilitate language education is explored, along with its potential to foster teacher and learner well-being.
Giving birth alone due to COVID-19-related hospital restrictions compared to accompanied birth: psychological distress in women with caesarean section or vaginal birth – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Oddo-Sommerfeld Silvia , Schermelleh-Engel Karin , Konopka Marie , La Rosa Valentina Lucia , Louwen Frank , Sommerlad Sarah 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objectives
We examined the mental health of mothers after unaccompanied birth (unaccompanied group, UG) due to COVID-19-related visiting bans and compared the data with a control group with accompanied birth (AG). Additionally, a distinction was made between caesarean section (CS) and vaginal birth (VB), as existing research indicates a higher risk for mental distress after CS.

Methods
The cross-sectional study included 27 mothers in the UG and 27 matched controls (AG). Anxiety, depression, postpartum traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), and psychological well-being were assessed. Additionally, emotions and attitudes related to the restrictions were measured by self-developed items.

Results
Psychological distress was high especially in the UG (anxiety: 23%, PTSS: 34.6%, low well-being: 42.3%, depression: 11.5%). Mothers in the AG had lower psychological distress than those in the UG, but still had enhanced rates of PTSS (11.1%) and diminished well-being (22.2%). In both groups, women with CS reported higher anxiety and trauma scores and lower well-being than women with VB. Unaccompanied mothers with CS perceived visitation restrictions as less appropriate and felt more helpless, angry, worried, and frustrated about the partner’s absence than women with VB.

Conclusions
The partner’s absence during, but also after childbirth has a major impact on psychological outcomes. Particularly, higher rates of anxiety and PTSS can lead to negative consequences for mothers and their children. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to relax visitation bans and avoid unaccompanied births. Psychological treatment in obstetric units is more urgently needed than ever, especially for women with a caesarean section.
Abnormal placental villous maturity and dysregulated glucose metabolism: implications for stillbirth prevention
Authors: Siassakos Dimitrios , Bourne Isabella , Sebire Neil , Kindinger Lindsay , Whitten Sara Melissa , Battaglino Clarissa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objectives
In the UK one in 250 pregnancies end in stillbirth. Abnormal placental villous maturation, commonly associated with gestational diabetes, is a risk factor for stillbirth. Histopathology reports of placental distal villous immaturity (DVI) are reported disproportionately in placentas from otherwise unexplained stillbirths in women without formal diagnosis of diabetes but with either clinical characteristics or risk factors for diabetes. This study aims to establish maternal factors associated with DVI in relation to stillbirth.

Methods
Placental histopathology reports were reviewed for all pregnant women delivering at University College London Hospital between July 2018 to March 2020. Maternal characteristics and birth outcomes of those with DVI were compared to those with other placental lesions or abnormal villous maturation.

Results
Of the 752 placental histopathology reports reviewed, 11 (1.5%) were reported as diagnostic of DVI. Eighty cases were sampled for clinical record analysis. All women with DVI had normal PAPP-A (>0.4 MoM), normal uterine artery Doppler studies (UtA-PI) and were normotensive throughout pregnancy. Nearly one in five babies (2/11, 18.5%) with DVI were stillborn and 70% had at least one high glucose test result in pregnancy despite no formal diagnosis of diabetes.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that the mechanism underlying stillbirth in DVI likely relates to glucose dysmetabolism, not sufficient for diagnosis using current criteria for gestational diabetes, resulting in placental dysfunction that is not identifiable before the third trimester. Relying on conventional diabetes tests, foetal macrosomia or growth restriction, may not identify all pregnancies at risk of adverse outcomes from glucose dysmetabolism.
Supply Chain Organizing as a Worker-led Strategy for Trade: A Case Study of Unite the Union
Authors: Waterman Andrew , Norman Ben 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Global trade is often understood by trade union officials to be an abstract policy-level issue without a direct role for workers or shop floor influence. As the UK establishes an independent trade policy in the wake of Brexit, this article explores the concept of strategic supply chain organizing as the basis for a shop steward-led strategy to counter the industrial impact of trade. Based on interviews with Unite shop stewards and work with the union’s Research Department, this article explores efforts within Unite the Union, the largest private and public sector trade union in the UK and Ireland, to advance such a strategy through the union’s activist shop stewards and democratic structures. While considering the limitations of existing union approaches to trade issues as well as the challenges of developing such a strategy within the context of a large multisector trade union, the article puts forward a methodology of applied industrial research rooted in the principles of workers’ inquiry and supply chain solidarity. Taken together, the article considers the potential for new collaboration between the union’s shop stewards within supply chains to more fully realize their latent collective industrial power.
Recent developments in tensile properties of friction welding of carbon fiber-reinforced composite: A review
Authors: Asmael Mohammed , Safaei Babak , Kalaf Omer , Zeeshan Qasim , Aldakheel Fadi , Nasir Tauqir , Yang Zhicheng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this review article, the joining of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composite with metallic materials by using friction welding techniques was discussed and the effects of process parameters on the weld properties were evaluated. Major parameters involved in this process were plunge depth (PD), dwell time, joining time, and tool rotational speed. A successful friction joint of carbon fiber-reinforced poly composite laminate (CF-PPS)-metal was formed with an interlayer film of additional polyphenylene sulfide. In addition, a detailed overview of the friction techniques was discussed, such as friction stir spot welding (FSSW), friction stir welding (FSW), and refill friction stir spot welding (RFSSW). In this current work, we had focused on the parameters, process, and their development during friction welding of similar and dissimilar metals with CFRP joint. Regarding the FSSW review, the best tensile shear load was 7.1 kN obtained from AA5182 and CFRP at a rotational speed of 3,000 rpm and 5 s welding time. The thickness for AA5182 and CFRP are 1.2 and 3 mm, respectively. The most efficient parameters are rotational speed, PD, dwell time, and shoulder penetration depth. In addition, the heat generated during the process parameters, its influence on mechanical and microstructure properties along with the possible defects and internal cracks of the similar and dissimilar welded joints will be reviewed and discussed.
Understanding the role of media and food labels to disseminate food related information in Lebanon
Authors: Boustani Nada Mallah , Cardoso Ana Paula , Guiné Raquel P. F. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Today’s consumers are becoming more aware of what they consume and the implications that a proper diet can have for their health. This work aimed to understand how Lebanese people get information about foods, and which communication media they consider the most appropriate. Also, the attitudes toward food labelling were assessed. This was a cross-sectional study undertaken by means of a questionnaire survey on a sample of 258 Lebanese participants. Data analysis used statistical tools such as T-test and ANOVA with post hoc to test possible group differences or Cronbach’s alpha to assess internal scale reliability. The results showed that radio was the first choice as a media tool used by Lebanese people for gathering food information (29.1%), followed by hospitals (23.3%), and the participants also considered that these are the most appropriate means to communicate information (28.3 and 22.5%, respectively). Regarding the Lebanese behaviour on nutrition labelling, nearly half of the participants (44.6%) very frequently or always check the food labels but some showed no interest in the components and the fibres they contain. Reliability analysis showed that the items used to assess the food labelling scale have a very high internal consistency (α = 0.847). So, the Lebanese people tend to rely on radio for information about food and the labels are considered as important source of information as well. Nevertheless, Lebanese don’t consult the nutritional composition as often as desirable in order to adjust their purchases or compare to different items, aimed at healthier food choices. So in order to inform Lebanese people about related food rich in fibres and to instigate their purchasing intentions, the producing companies must rely on marketing campaigns through radio and on labels not just the information in nutritional composition.
Triazine based chemical entities for anticancer activity
Authors: Gangasani Jagadees Kumar , Yarasi Siwaswarup , Naidu Vegi Ganga Modi , Vaidya Jayathirtha Rao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Triazine is a six-membered aromatic nitrogen heterocyclic moiety that was extensively investigated because of its biological properties and, in particular anticancer potentials. Kinases play a crucial role in cancer cell proliferation and metabolism. Triazine derivatives show anticancer activity by inhibiting the lipid kinases like phosphoinositide 3-kinases, mammalian target of rapamycin, receptor tyrosine kinases, like focal adhesion kinase, cyclin-dependent kinases, Rho-associated protein kinases, p21-activated kinases, carbonic anhydrases, enolase inhibitors, microtubules inhibitors, and histone deacetylases. The present chapter highlights the synthesis of triazine-based derivatives, their characterization, evaluation of anticancer properties, and their journey towards possible medicine for cancer.
„Vulnerable Gruppen“ und ihre Bedeutung für die ethische Begründung gesundheitsbezogener Maßnahmen
Authors: Inthorn Julia 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Vulnerabilität einer Gruppe wird häufig als Begründung für gesundheitsbezogene Maßnahmen zum Schutz dieser Gruppe angeführt. Der Beitrag untersucht verschiedene Verständnisse von Vulnerabilität und deren Bedeutung für die ethische Begründung und Abwägung von Maßnahmen.
Zuckersteuer - staatlicher Paternalismus oder wichtige Public Health-Maßnahme?
Authors: Schaller Katrin 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Das Überangebot an Zucker trägt zur Entstehung von Übergewicht bei. Eine Zuckersteuer hat das Potenzial, die Menschen zu einer geringeren Zuckeraufnahme zu motivieren und damit Übergewicht vorzubeugen. Gegner einer solchen Steuer bewerten diese als einen paternalistischen Eingriff in die Entscheidungsfreiheit der Konsumierenden. Die vorliegende wissenschaftliche Evidenz spricht für den Einsatz einer Zuckersteuer, zumal der Schutz der Gesundheit der Bevölkerung zu den Aufgaben des Staates gehört.
Humanität, Gesundheit und Verantwortung in der Arbeitswelt
Authors: Hien Wolfgang 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ausgehend vom Aufklärungspostulat, dass jedem menschlichen Wesen Menschenwürde und Gesundheit zusteht, wird der industriell etablierte Utilitarismus kritisiert. Dies wird am Beispiel eines krebserzeugenden Stoffes an einem Arbeitsplatz der chemischen Industrie exemplifiziert. In Fortführung des Kantschen Gedankens wird für eine Verantwortungsethik im Sinne einer persönlichen moralischen Verpflichtung plädiert, die dem Konflikt mit vorherrschenden Rechtfertigungsmustern nicht aus dem Weg geht.
Resilience and specialization – How German regions weathered the Great Recession
Authors: Hundt Christian , Grün Lennart 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper takes an explorative approach for analyzing the economic development of German Spatial Planning Regions during and after the Great Recession covering the period from 2007 to 2017. Specifically, we are interested in the relation between the short- and the mid-term resilience of regions and in the role of the underlying economic structure in this regard. For this purpose, we categorize regions by their GDP per capita growth in the resistance and recovery phase and then characterize the resulting region types by their average structural characteristics and track their performance through the renewal and reorientation phase.
Our analysis reveals that, in general, larger shares of manufacturing, higher degrees of export orientation and specialization, and lower shares of public sector services are associated with weaker resilience and stronger recovery capacity. In addition, we observe a catch-up effect of regions with at least either an above-average resistance or recovery compared to regions with both weak resistance and slow recovery. However, we do not find a substantial reorientation effect because, in the case of Germany, the advantages of regional economic specialization still outweigh its potential disadvantages.
Remaining Creep Life Prediction Method for In-Service Boiler Pipe Weldment Using Small Scale Specimen
Authors: Yaguchi Masatsugu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The author proposes a remaining creep life prediction method for weldment of Grade 91 steel using a small specimen taken not from the weldment but from the base metal. Analysis of creep data obtained from long-term used steels indicates that the shape of the master rupture curve given by the Larson-Miller parameter remains almost the same regardless of the heat-to-heat variation of the creep life of the steels, and the life of each steel can be expressed by the parallel displacement of the master rupture curves along the abscissa direction. Therefore, we can estimate the life of used steels with only one datum even if it is obtained with a short-time creep test. This approach of extrapolation is effective for the proposed method because the number of test specimens taken from the pipe is at most two or three in power plants in Japan. The results of investigation of the relationships among creep strength, deformation, and ductility suggest that the creep deformation property primarily determines the creep life of the materials used in this study. Finally, the proposed method is applied to the in-service boiler pipe weldment of Grade 91 steel, and its features are described in comparison with the conventional life assessment method.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Printing and Dyeing Wastewater by F-N/TiO2/AC and F-N/TiO2/MAC Composite Photocatalysts
Authors: Lu Yu , Chen Zhen , Zhu Yingying , Xia Zhenguo , Chen Geng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A fluorine/nitrogen-co-doped titania/activated carbon (F-N/TiO2/AC) composite has been prepared through an immersion–hydrothermal method. Magnetic activated carbon (MAC) has been prepared through a chemical coprecipitation method and used to assemble the analogous composite F-N/TiO2/MAC. The characterization results show that F-N/TiO2/MAC contains a certain amount of magnetic ferrous oxide material, and the presence of magnetic ferrous oxide material will not affect the crystalline shape of TiO2. F-N/TiO2/MAC is a weak magnetic material, and it could be conveniently recycled by applying a strong magnetic field. Methyl orange solution has been used as a target to assess the photocatalytic degradation and recycling performances of the composites. Results show that the adsorption of methyl orange on the photocatalysts follows a pseudo second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption rate of F-N/TiO2/AC is higher. In the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange pseudo first-order reaction kinetics study, the k value of F-N/TiO2/MAC was 0.00497 min−1, which was higher than that of F-N/TiO2/AC. Even though the adsorption performance of F-N/TiO2/MAC is not as good as that of F-N/TiO2/AC, its photocatalytic degradation performance is superior. Overall, the two composite materials show roughly the same removal efficiencies for methyl orange, reaching 100 % for F-N/TiO2/AC and 98.9 % for F-N/TiO2/MAC. In terms of recycling performance, the magnetic property of F-N/TiO2/MAC makes it easier to recover from mixed solutions.
Unidades fraseológicas y competencia comunicativa: las frases hechas
Authors: Quintanilla Anglas Rómulo F. 
Published: March 2022

Un recurso comunicativo, cada vez más frecuente, es el empleo de unidades fraseológicas, especialmente de las llamadas frases hechas. La presencia de estas unidades se destaca por su cantidad y frecuencia en la comunicación oral coloquial frente a otras unidades farseològicas, como las metáforas o las paremias (refranes, proverbios, dichos, citas, sentencias, adagios, aforismos, eslóganes) que suelen ocurrir, sobre todo, en situaciones más formales.El español que se habla en el Perú se encuentra matizado con estas unidades de valor lèxico que, a pesar de las estructuras complejas y fijas que presentan, forman parte de estructuras mayores como la oraciòn, dentro de las cuales cumplen funciones sintácticas y semánticas muy importantes. Son expresiones que añaden matices semánticos de carácter enfático, expresivo y de precisión, acordes con la intención comunicativa de los hablantes usuarios.Dada la importancia que tiene la fraseología en la comunicación, sería saludable que las autoridades educativas consideren su estudio dentro de los programas escolares, lo cual sería un aporte valioso que coadyuvaría a superar las deficiencias comunicativas que muestan los estudiantes en ese nivel.
Las metáforas de los analistas políticos y diplomáticos: desde la perspectiva cognitiva
Authors: Escobar Zapata Emérita 
Published: March 2022

En la presente investigación nos proponemos hacer un estudio de las expresiones metafóricas escuchadas y creadas en el entorno de los políticos y diplomáticos, a raíz de los hechos ocurridos el 11 de setiembre del 2001 (11-S), cuya responsabilidad recayó sobre al grupo terrorista Al-Qaeda. El modelo teórico a utilizar es el de la semántica cognitiva desarrollada por George Lakoff y Mark Johnson (1980, 1995, 1999, 2001, 2004), Lakoff y Turner (1989), Lakoff (1993,1996), Turner y Fauconnier (1995). Este modelo es ideal para reconstruir los esquemas conceptuales subyacentes en las metáforas o sus imágenes esquemáticas, creadas a partir de la interacción entre la mente humana, el cuerpo y la experiencia perceptivo-sensorial o la comprensión del mundo, valiéndose del mecanismo de la categorización. Asimismo, interesa explicar la función que cumplen estos recursos semánticos en las conversaciones o intercepciones que llevan a cabo estos actores políticos. Las fuentes de consulta para los datos las constituyen, en primer lugar, el libro titulado: “Bush en guerra” del analista político Bob Woodward (2002); en segundo lugar, “Hegemonía y Supervivencia” de Noam Chomsky (2003, 2004) y, finalmente, la información proveniente de la prensa escrita internacional.
Archpriest Avvakum and Patriarch Nikon: Life and ministry through the eyes of Old Believers
Authors: Bubnov Nikolay Yu. 
Published: March 2022

The article is devoted to a comparative examination of important historical and literary sources reflecting the attitude of Old Believers to the leaders of two opposing ideological currents of the era of church reform in Russia: the autobiographical Life of Archpriest Avvakum and the anonymous “Decorated Tale” (or “anti-life”) of Patriarch Nikon, written by Old Believers in the 18th century. This consideration makes it possible to assess the position of the Old Believers in resolving the issue of true faith, true priesthood, attitude towards the Church and secular authority. The heroes of the two considered non-canonical Old Believer “lives” go to their goal and achieve it, resorting to the help of miraculous otherworldly forces — light (divine) and dark (antichrist), entering into direct communication with them, like the New Testament apostles or ancient prophets.
Image of the Solovetsky monastery on the Old Believers’ and “Niconian” icons
Authors: Buzykina Yulia N. 
Published: March 2022

The image “The Hermitage of the Solovky Miracle Workers” appeared in Russian icon painting in the middle of the 16th century and developed over the course of 17th — 18th centuries. The article examines similarities and differences between the Old Believers’ and ‘Nikonian’ versions of the Solovetsky monastery on the example of icons represented at the exhibition “Me Avvakum Archpriest, I believe so” which held in the Museum of Russian icon in 2021. From the end of the 17th to 19th centuries two versions of the image of Solovetsky monastery which could be confidently associated with both the official Church and clearly Old Believers’ communities have survived. On the “Nikonian” icons the image of the monastery is close to its actual appearance to the time of creating of an icon, icon painters use coeval engravings actively. The Old Believers either ignored references to the real appearance of the monastery or preferred to focus on the iconography of the 17th century. They also used engravings but used to adopt those samples to their specific requirements: the cathedral could have a hipped roof, the crosses on all domes were strictly eight-pointed, the blessing gestures of the saints and the inscriptions retained the Old Believer features.