bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Exploitation of the Biological Profile of Novel Guanidino Xylofuranose Derivatives**
Authors: Fortuna Andreia , Gonçalves‐Pereira Rita , Costa Paulo J. , Jorda Radek , Vojáčková Veronika , Gonzalez Gabriel , Heise Niels V. , Csuk René , Oliveira M. Conceição , Xavier Nuno M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe synthesis and biological evaluation of novel guanidino sugars as isonucleoside analogs is described. 5‐Guanidino xylofuranoses containing 3‐O‐saturated/unsaturated hydrocarbon or aromatic‐containing moieties were accessed from 5‐azido xylofuranoses via reduction followed by guanidinylation with N,N′‐bis(tert‐butoxycarbonyl)‐N′′‐triflylguanidine. Molecules comprising novel types of isonucleosidic structures including 5‐guanidino 3‐O‐methyl‐branched N‐benzyltriazole isonucleosides and a guanidinomethyltriazole 3′‐O‐dodecyl xylofuranos‐5′‐yl isonucleoside were accessed. The guanidinomethyltriazole derivative and a 3‐O‐dodecyl (N‐Boc)guanidino xylofuranose were revealed as selective inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (Ki=22.87 and 7.49 μM, respectively). The latter also showed moderate antiproliferative effects in chronic myeloid leukemia (K562) and breast cancer (MCF‐7) cells. An aminomethyltriazole 5’‐isonucleoside was the most potent molecule with low micromolar GI50 values in both cells (GI50=6.33 μM, 8.45 μM), similar to that of the drug 5‐fluorouracil in MCF‐7 cells. Moreover, the most bioactive compounds showed low toxicity in human fibroblasts, further indicating their interest as promising lead molecules.
Sulfur‐Containing Silsesquioxane Derivatives Obtained by the Thiol‐ene Reaction: Synthesis and Thermal Degradation
Authors: Pakuła Daria , Przekop Robert E. , Brząkalski Dariusz , Frydrych Miłosz , Sztorch Bogna , Marciniec Bogdan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article presents the synthesis of new derivatives of octa(3‐thiopropyl)silsesquioxane (SSQ‐8SH) via thiol‐ene reaction with simple olefins bearing alkyl groups as well as methoxysilyl, substituted aryl or fluoroalkyl groups. All products were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 29Si NMR, FTIR, GPC, MALDI‐TOF‐MS, as well as thermal analysis (TGA) to confirm their structures, purity and thermal stability, and finally give some insight into their thermal degradation pathway. In some of the structures obtained, the T5% values take place at high temperatures and are close to 230 °C. The thiol‐ene reaction allowed to obtain 7 new compounds with high yield (>92 %), no by‐products and in a relatively short time (24 h). All products are characterized by high conversion >99 %. New derivatives can find potential use as modifiers of plastics to improve their certain properties for example hydrophobicity or thermo‐oxidative stability.
Successful management of pyriform sinus cyst and fistula using endoscopic electrocauterization
Authors: Kawakubo Naonori , Obata Satoshi , Yoshimaru Koichiro , Miyoshi Kina , Izaki Tomoko , Tajiri Tatsuro 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesPyriform sinus cyst (PSC) and pyriform sinus fistula (PSF) is a rare congenital malformation that arises from the third or fourth branchial structure. In our study, we describe the safety and the utility of endoscopic electrocauterization against PSC/PSF.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the records of patients who underwent endoscopic electrocauterization for PSC/PSF at our hospital. The internal opening of the fistula was identified under general anesthesia using a flexible endoscope (XQ‐260 or H‐290; Olympus, Tokyo, Japan), and the DualKnifeJ (KD‐655L; Olympus) was used to ablate the internal opening.ResultsWe experienced three PSF and three PSC patients. The postoperative course was uneventful in all cases. The patients declared no pain in the neck, and there were no cases showing recurrent nerve paralysis. Five in six cases (83%), the closure of fistula was archived in the first cauterization. One case (16.6%) required repeated cauterization. No recurrence was found during the follow‐up period ( median: 1 year) in any cases.ConclusionsOwing to its rarity in neonates, the diagnosis and treatment of PSC remains complicated and not clearly described. Complete removal of the fistula and the cyst with or without affected thyroid tissue was previously the most commonly used treatment. From our experience, we believe that endoscopic electrocauterization can be the first choice not only for PSF but also for neonatal PSC. In conclusion, endoscopic electrocauterization is feasible even for neonatal PSC. Further investigations including multicenter analyses are needed.
A new cannabinoid receptor 1 selective agonist evading the 2021 “China ban”: ADB‐FUBIATA
Authors: Deventer Marie H. , Van Uytfanghe Katleen , Vinckier Inge M. J. , Reniero Fabiano , Guillou Claude , Stove Christophe P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFollowing the class‐wide ban of synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) in China, SCRAs carrying new core and linker structures, aimed at circumventing the recent Chinese generic legislation, have appeared on the recreational drug market. A very recent example is (S)‐2‐(2‐(1‐(4‐fluorobenzyl)‐1H‐indol‐3‐yl)acetamido)‐3,3‐dimethylbutanamide (ADB‐FUBIATA), which is structurally closely related to the potent SCRA ADB‐FUBICA, but carries an additional methylene in the linker region of the molecule. ADB‐FUBIATA has recently been identified in seized materials in China, Russia, the United States, and also Belgium; however, its pharmacological characteristics were unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intrinsic cannabinoid receptor (hCB1 and hCB2) activation potential of this previously unknown substance via two distinct yet similar in vitro β‐arrestin2 recruitment assays, based on the NanoLuc Binary Technology®. At CB1, a potency of 635 nM (EC50) was found, with an efficacy (Emax) of 141% relative to the reference compound CP55,940. On the other hand, ADB‐FUBIATA had almost no activity at CB2, indicative of a clear CB1 selectivity. Interestingly, this activation pattern differs markedly from that observed for ADB‐FUBICA, which was previously found to be potent and efficacious at both cannabinoid receptors. Additionally, the bioassays were applied to a seized powder containing ADB‐FUBIATA, as analytically confirmed by high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode‐array detection (HLPC‐DAD), gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC‐MS), liquid chromatography couple to time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (LC‐QTOF‐MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The EC50 and Emax values obtained for this powder were very similar to those of the ADB‐FUBIATA analytical standard, suggesting a high purity of the powder, although analytical techniques did reveal that the sample was not entirely pure.
Diets maintained in a changing world: Does land‐use intensification alter wild bee communities by selecting for flexible generalists?
Authors: Peters Birte , Keller Alexander , Leonhardt Sara Diana 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBiodiversity loss, as often found in intensively managed agricultural landscapes, correlates with reduced ecosystem functioning, for example, pollination by insects, and with altered plant composition, diversity, and abundance. But how does this change in floral resource diversity and composition relate to occurrence and resource use patterns of trap‐nesting solitary bees? To better understand the impact of land‐use intensification on communities of trap‐nesting solitary bees in managed grasslands, we investigated their pollen foraging, reproductive fitness, and the nutritional quality of larval food along a land‐use intensity gradient in Germany. We found bee species diversity to decrease with increasing land‐use intensity irrespective of region‐specific community compositions and interaction networks. Land use also strongly affected the diversity and composition of pollen collected by bees. Lack of suitable pollen sources likely explains the absence of several bee species at sites of high land‐use intensity. The only species present throughout, Osmia bicornis (red mason bee), foraged on largely different pollen sources across sites. In doing so, it maintained a relatively stable, albeit variable nutritional quality of larval diets (i.e., protein to lipid (P:L) ratio). The observed changes in bee–plant pollen interaction patterns indicate that only the flexible generalists, such as O. bicornis, may be able to compensate the strong alterations in floral resource landscapes and to obtain food of sufficient quality through readily shifting to alternative plant sources. In contrast, other, less flexible, bee species disappear.
Recent change in spatial distribution of the European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis) inferred from field data and empirical models of living oysters and empty shells
Authors: Bergström Per , Thorngren Linnea , Lindegarth Mats 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMarine coastal areas are increasingly affected by human activities resulting in changes in species and habitat distributions. Understanding these patterns and its causes and consequences is important for conservation and restoration of such changing habitats. One habitat that has been heavily affected by human use are the North Sea oyster beds which once were abundant but have lost large parts of its coastal distribution due to overexploitation. Based on data of living and dead assemblages of Ostrea edulis collected using video transects, we used an ensemble modeling technique to model and predict current and recent distribution of O. edulis along the Swedish west coast where its distribution is, in relative terms, still rather unaffected. We could detect a recent change in the distribution of O. edulis along the coast which to a large extent could be attributed to a change in depth distribution, suggesting that the population of O. edulis have a slightly shallower distribution today than in the past. Although a potential mismatch between living and dead assemblages, caused by a complex combination of biological and environmental conditions, needs to be considered in the interpretations drawn, it may be a way around the lack of suitable background data in management decisions. This provides important information for management and conservation of the native oyster beds. Furthermore, this study illustrates a method for identifying recent changes in species distribution using dead assemblages of bivalves.
Factors associated with health‐related quality of life in heart failure in 23 000 patients from 40 countries: results of the G‐CHF research programme
Authors: Johansson Isabelle , Balasubramanian Kumar , Bangdiwala Shrikant , Mielniczuk Lisa , Hage Camilla , Sharma Sanjib Kumar , Branch Kelley , Zhu Jun , Kragholm Kristian , Sliwa Karen , Alla Francois , Yonga Gerald , Roy Ambuj , Orlandini Andres , Grinvalds Alex , McCready Tara , Pogosova Nana , Störk Stefan , McMurray John J.V. , Conen David , Yusuf Salim ,   on behalf of the G‐CHF Investigators
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimsTo examine clinical and social correlates of health‐related quality of life (HRQL) in patients with heart failure (HF) from high‐ (HIC), upper middle‐ (UMIC), lower middle‐ (LMIC) and low‐income (LIC) countries.Methods and resultsBetween 2017 and 2020, 23 292 patients with HF (32% inpatients, 61% men) from 40 countries were enrolled in the Global Congestive Heart Failure study. HRQL was recorded at baseline using the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ)‐12. In a cross‐sectional analysis, we compared age‐ and sex‐adjusted mean KCCQ‐12 summary scores (SS: 0–100, higher = better) between patients from different country income levels. We used multivariable linear regression examining correlations (estimated coefficients) of KCCQ‐12‐SS with sociodemographic, comorbidity, treatment and symptom covariates. The adjusted model (37 covariates) was informed by univariable findings, clinical importance and backward selection. Mean age was 63 years and 40% of patients were in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III–IV. Average HRQL was 55 SD 27. It was 62.5 (95% confidence interval [CI] 62.0–63.1) in HIC, 56.8 (56.1–57.4) in UMIC, 48.6 (48.0–49.3) in LMIC, and 38.5 (37.3–39.7) in LICs (p < 0.0001). Strong correlates (estimated coefficient [95% CI]) of KCCQ‐12‐SS were NYHA class III versus class I/II (−12.1 [−12.8 to −11.4] and class IV versus class I/II (−16.5 [−17.7 to −15.3]), effort dyspnoea (−9.5 [−10.2 to −8.8]) and living in LIC versus HIC (−5.8 [−7.1 to −4.4]). Symptoms explained most of the KCCQ‐12‐SS variability (partial R2 = 0.32 of total adjusted R2 = 0.51), followed by sociodemographic factors (R2 = 0.12). Results were consistent in populations across income levels.ConclusionThe most important correlates of HRQL in HF patients relate to HF symptom severity, irrespective of country income level.
Whole blood transcriptomic profiling identifies molecular pathways related to cardiovascular mortality in heart failure
Authors: Nath Mintu , Romaine Simon P.R. , Koekemoer Andrea , Hamby Stephen , Webb Thomas R. , Nelson Christopher P. , Castellanos‐Uribe Marcos , Papakonstantinou Manolo , Anker Stefan D. , Lang Chim C. , Metra Marco , Zannad Faiez , Filippatos Gerasimos , van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , Cleland John G. , Ng Leong L. , May Sean T. , Marelli‐Berg Federica , Voors Adriaan A. , Timmons James A. , Samani Nilesh J. 
Published: May 2022

AimsChronic heart failure (CHF) is a systemic syndrome with a poor prognosis and a need for novel therapies. We investigated whether whole blood transcriptomic profiling can provide new mechanistic insights into cardiovascular (CV) mortality in CHF.Methods and resultsTranscriptome profiles were generated at baseline from 944 CHF patients from the BIOSTAT‐CHF study, of whom 626 survived and 318 died from a CV cause during a follow‐up of 21 months. Multivariable analysis, including adjustment for cell count, identified 1153 genes (6.5%) that were differentially expressed between those that survived or died and strongly related to a validated clinical risk score for adverse prognosis. The differentially expressed genes mainly belonged to five non‐redundant pathways: adaptive immune response, proteasome‐mediated ubiquitin‐dependent protein catabolic process, T‐cell co‐stimulation, positive regulation of T‐cell proliferation, and erythrocyte development. These five pathways were selectively related (RV coefficients >0.20) with seven circulating protein biomarkers of CV mortality (fibroblast growth factor 23, soluble ST2, adrenomedullin, hepcidin, pentraxin‐3, WAP 4‐disulfide core domain 2, and interleukin‐6) revealing an intricate relationship between immune and iron homeostasis. The pattern of survival‐associated gene expression matched with 29 perturbagen‐induced transcriptome signatures in the iLINCS drug‐repurposing database, identifying drugs, approved for other clinical indications, that were able to reverse in vitro the molecular changes associated with adverse prognosis in CHF.ConclusionSystematic modelling of the whole blood protein‐coding transcriptome defined molecular pathways that provide a link between clinical risk factors and adverse CV prognosis in CHF, identifying both established and new potential therapeutic targets.
Examining the relationship between autistic spectrum disorder characteristics and structural brain differences seen in anorexia nervosa
Authors: Halls Daniel , Leppanen Jenni , Kerr‐Gaffney Jess , Simic Mima , Nicholls Dasha , Mandy William , Williams Steven , Tchanturia Kate 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCortical differences have been reported in Anorexia Nervosa (AN) compared with healthy controls (HC); however, it is unclear if Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) characteristics are related to these cortical differences. The aim of this study was to examine if structural measures were correlated to ASD traits in AN. In total 184 female participants participated in the study; 57 acutely underweight AN participants (AAN), 59 weight‐restored participants (WR) and 68 HC. Participants underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging as well as completing the Autism Diagnostic Observation schedule, second edition to examine ASD characteristics. Group differences in curvature, gyrification, surface area, thickness, global grey matter and white matter were measured. Correlation and regression analysis were conducted to examine the relationship between cortical measures and ASD characteristics. Two decreased gyrification clusters in the right post central and supramarginal gyrus and decreased global grey matter were observed in the AAN group compared to HC and WR. No correlations between ASD traits and structural measures existed. Our results suggest structural differences seen in individuals with AN do not appear to be related to ASD characteristics.
Towards a new semantic middleware for service description, discovery, selection, and composition in the Internet of Things
Authors: Berrani Samir , Yachir Ali , Djamaa Badis , Mahmoudi Said , Aissani Mohamed 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) allows the integration of everyday devices such as tags, sensors, and actuators into the Internet. IoT also provides handy and automatic techniques to interoperate ad‐hoc, heterogeneous, and mobile networks and simplify data sharing among devices by abstracting their capabilities as services. Nevertheless, the large number and heterogeneity of encompassed networks/devices and the diversity of the offered resources/services make the IoT service description, discovery, selection, and composition a challenging task. To deal with these issues, we introduce, in this article, a semantic middleware for IoT applications based on service composition. Such a solution supports the semantic description of IoT resources, including services and user requests, and provides a modular, end‐to‐end, and loosely coupled request resolution process that comprises a context‐aware service discovery, a semantic service selection, and an automatic lightweight service composition. The proposal is illustrated and extensively evaluated on a restricted smart‐city scenario. Obtained results show that the proposed service discovery, selection, and composition sub‐processes improve the scalability of equivalent state‐of‐the‐art solutions by around 15, 20, and 40, respectively.
Development of an ultrasensitive molecularly imprinted poly‐(ortho‐phenylenediamine) based sensor for the determination of melamine adulteration in milk and infant formula
Authors: Heydarian‐Dehkordi Negin , Saei‐Dehkordi Seyyed Siavash , Izadi Zahra , Ghasemi‐Varnamkhasti Mahdi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA sensitive molecularly imprinted poly‐(ortho‐phenylenediamine) electrochemical sensor was fabricated for selective melamine detection in milk and infant formula. The pencil graphite electrode (PGE) was modified by deposition of Au nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) on its surface. The fabrication of the electrode in various stages was monitored using cyclic voltammetry. The immobilized RGO, MIP, and gold nanoparticles on the PGE surface were morphologically characterized by field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Under the optimized conditions, the linear range and the limit of detection (LOD) were 10–17–10–8 M and 2.64 × 10–16 M (S/N = 3), respectively. The prepared sensor exhibited a good reproducibility and repeatability response. The recovery range of melamine‐spiked milk and infant formula was 92.7%–103.9% and 93.5%–105.8%, respectively. The sensor could apply successfully for melamine determination in milk and infant formula samples.
Option pricing with state‐dependent pricing kernel
Authors: Tong Chen , Hansen Peter Reinhard , Huang Zhuo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe introduce a new volatility model for option pricing that combines Markov switching with the realized generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) framework. This leads to a novel pricing kernel with a state‐dependent variance risk premium and a pricing formula for European options, which is derived with an analytical approximation method. We apply the Markov‐switching Realized GARCH model to Standard and Poor's 500 index options from 1990 to 2019 and find that investors' aversion to volatility‐specific risk is time‐varying. The proposed framework outperforms competing models and reduces (in‐sample and out‐of‐sample) option‐pricing errors by 15% or more.
Analyst rating matters for index futures
Authors: Han Liyan , Wei Xinbei , Yan Sen , Zhang Qunzi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAnalyst recommendations convey valuable market‐wide information which implies analyst rating should generate reliable predictability for future market returns. This paper examines the predictive regressions which forecast the S&P 500 index futures return and volatility with lagged text‐based analyst rating index (TAR index). Empirical evidence shows that the TAR index generates superior in‐sample predictability. This substantial predictability remains after controlling the business cycles, macroeconomic factors, and economic conditions. Also, the TAR index outperforms the prevailing mean out‐of‐sample and generates significant economic performance. Notably, the TAR index also delivers consistent predictive gains on the volatility of index futures returns.
Prevalence, clinical features, and risk factors of delusions in patients with delirium
Authors: Tachibana Masako , Inada Toshiya , Ichida Masaru , Ozaki Norio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesDelirium may be divided into multiple subtypes with different pathological factors. This study aimed to focus on the delirium subtype in which delusions are conspicuous and explore its prevalence, clinical characteristics, and risk factors.MethodsThe subjects were 601 delirium cases referred to the department of psychiatry over 5 years at a general hospital. The Delirium Rating Scale‐Revised‐98 was used to assess the delusions in patients with delirium, and the features of delusions (delusional form, object, and content) were examined. Multiple regression analysis was applied to determine whether individual factors were associated with the delusions.ResultsA total of 78 patients with delirium experienced delusions (13.0%). Most were classified as delusion of reference, such as persecution or poisoning, and 84.3% of patients believed that the persecutors were medical staff members. Older age (p < 0.001), female gender (p < 0.001), and living alone (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with delusions in patients with delirium.ConclusionsThe content of delusions was rooted in the distress caused by the patients' medical situation, and the features and risk factors of the delusions suggested a formal similarity with late paraphrenia and “lack‐of‐contact paranoia.” Psychological interventions that consider the isolation, anxiety, and fear behind delusions may be necessary in the care and treatment of these patients.