bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Fermented Shallot Skin on The Growth Of Muscle Plants (Brassica Juncea)
Authors: Waris Waris , Hasanah Hasni Ummul , Hasanah Raudhatul 
Published: March 2022

Shallot skin is a kitchen waste that contains good nutrients for plant growth. Shallot skin contains calcium, phosphorus, and iron. The fermented shallot skin has nutrients N-total 1.29%, C-organic 17.32%, P2O5-total 0.46%, K2O-total 0.70%, and so on. This study aims to determine the effect of shallot skin fermentation on the growth of mustard (Brassica juncea) plants. This research was conducted using a Randomized Block Design method consisting of 6 treatments and 4 replications, including; P0 (without fertilizer as negative control), P1 (inorganic fertilizer as positive control), P2 (25 gr), P3 (50 gr), P4 (75 gr), and P5 (100 gr). The observed growth parameters include; plant height, number of leaves, wet weight, and leaf area of ​​mustard plants. The data obtained were analyzed using Anova analysis at a 95% confidence level, then further tested with Duncan's test. The results of this study showed that the application of organic fertilizer from the fermented shallot skin had a significant effect on the parameters of plant height, number of leaves, and wet weight, but had no significant effect on leaf area of ​​mustard plants. Treatment of organic fertilizer from shallot skin at a dose of 25 grams can replace the application of inorganic fertilizer (urea) on all parameters, except for leaf area.
Kolaborasi Motherly Leadership dan Pembelajaran Daring Terhadap Peningkatan Capaian Perkembangan AUD dan Kepuasan Wali Murid AUD di Jawa Timur
Authors: Epriliyana Nike Norma , Chandra Ratnasari Dwi Ade , Noviyanti Ade Irma 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini terinspirasi dari kegiatan pembelajaran daring yang dilakukan sejumlah lembaga PAUD/TK/RA/IGRA selama pandemi Covid – 19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana kolaborasi antara kepemimpinan motherly leadership kepala sekolah dan kegiatan pembelajaran daring yang diselenggarakan guru, akan dapat mempengaruhi tingkat capaian perkembangan AUD dan kepuasan wali murid AUD. Penelitian Deskriptif kuantitatif ini menggunakan analisis jalur. Responden berjumlah 350 yang terdiri dari guru dan wali murid pada 50 lembaga PAUD/TK/RA/IGRA yang tersebar di Jawa Timur yang terdiri dari Kabupaten Jember, Kabupaten Lumajang, Kabupaten Bondowoso, Kabupaten Situbondo dan Kabupaten Probolinggo. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui angket yang disebar secara online. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa secara kuantitatif, variabel motherly leadership (X1) berpengaruh secara langsung terhadap capaian perkembangan AUD (Z) yang ditunjukkan dengan t = 0,986; sig.000. Variabel pembelajaran daring (X2) berpengaruh secara langsung terhadap capaian perkembangan AUD yang ditunjukkan dengan t = 0,955; sig. = 0,000. Variabel motherly leadership (X1) berpengaruh secara langsung terhadap kepuasan wali murid AUD (Y) yang ditunjukkan dengan t = 0,805; sig.000. Variabel pembelajaran daring (X2) berpengaruh secara langsung terhadap kepuasan wali murid AUD (Y) yang ditunjukkan dengan t = 0,776; sig.000. Variabel capaian perkembangan AUD (Z) berpengaruh secara langsung terhadap kepuasan wali murid AUD (Y) yang ditunjukkan dengan t = 0,779; sig.000.
Pengaruh Dana Zakat, Infaq dan Shodaqoh (ZIS) Terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan Sebagai Variabel Intervening Tahun 2015-2019
Authors: Novalia Debi , Sumantri Rinol , Panorma Maya 
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine the relationship between Zakat, Infaq and Shodaqoh Funds on Indonesian Economic Growth and Poverty Levels in the 5 year period, namely between 2015-2019. This study uses quantitative methods with multiple linear regression analysis. Determination of the number of samples using non-probability sampling with saturated samples, that the entire population is used as a sample. The data used are secondary data. The results of this study indicate that the distribution of Zakat, Infaq, Shadaqah Funds has a negative effect on the Poverty Level, the magnitude of the influence of ZIS Fund Distribution on the Poverty Level = -0.023 or -2.3% with a significance level of 0.057> α = 0.05, while the distribution of ZIS funds has a positive effect on Economic growth. The magnitude of the influence of Economic Growth = 0.247 or 24.70% with a significance level of 0.047 <α = 0.05. Poverty level has a negative effect on economic growth. The magnitude of the influence of the poverty rate on economic growth = -0.020 or -2% with a significance level of 0.023 <α = 0.05. Poverty Level mediates the influence of the ZIS Fund on Economic Growth. economic growth in the aggregate. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara Dana Zakat, Infaq dan Shodaqoh terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia dengan Tingkat Kemiskinan dalam kurun waktu 5 tahun yakni antara 2015-2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan analisi regresi linier berganda. Penentuan jumlah sampel menggunakan non probability sampling dengan sampel jenuh, bahwa seluruh populasi dijadikan sebagai sampel. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Penyaluran Dana Zakat, Infaq, Shadaqah berpengaruh negatif terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan, besar pengaruh Penyaluran Dana ZIS terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan = -0.023 atau -2.3% dengan angka signifikansi 0.057 > α = 0.05, sedangkan Penyaluran Dana ZIS berpengaruh Positif terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi. Besarnya pengaruh Pertumbuhan Ekonomi = 0.247 atau 24.70% dengan angka signifikansi 0.047< α = 0.05. Tingkat Kemiskinan berpengaruh negatif terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi. Besarnya pengaruh Tingkat Kemiskinan terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi = -0.020 atau -2% dengan angka signifikansi 0.023 < α = 0.05. Tingkat Kemiskinan memediasi pengaruh antara Dana ZIS terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi. pertumbuhan ekonomi secara agregat.
Update on intrathecal management of cerebral vasospasm: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Grossen Audrey A. , Ernst Griffin L. , Bauer Andrew M. 
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) accounts for a relatively small portion of strokes but has the potential to cause permanent neurological deficits. Vasospasm with delayed ischemic neurological deficit is thought to be responsible for much of the morbidity associated with aSAH. This has illuminated some treatment options that have the potential to target specific components of the vasospasm cascade. Intrathecal management via lumbar drain (LD) or external ventricular drain (EVD) offers unique advantages in this patient population. The aim of this review was to provide an update on intrathecal vasospasm treatments, emphasizing the need for larger-scale trials and updated protocols using data-driven evidence.

METHODS
A search of PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, and Cochrane databases included the search terms (subarachnoid hemorrhage) AND (vasospasm OR delayed cerebral ischemia) AND (intrathecal OR intraventricular OR lumbar drain OR lumbar catheter) for 2010 to the present. Next, a meta-analysis was performed of select therapeutic regimens. The primary endpoints of analysis were vasospasm, delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI), cerebral infarction, and functional outcome.

RESULTS
Twenty-nine studies were included in the analysis. There were 10 studies in which CSF drainage was the primary experimental group. Calcium channel antagonists were the focus of 7 studies. Fibrinolytics and other vasodilators were each examined in 6 studies. The meta-analysis included studies examining CSF drainage via LD (n = 4), tissue plasminogen activator in addition to EVD (n = 3), intraventricular nimodipine (n = 2), and cisternal magnesium (n = 2). Results showed that intraventricular nimodipine decreased vasospasm (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.37–0.94; p = 0.03). Therapies that significantly reduced DCI were CSF drainage via LD (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.25–0.88; p = 0.02) and cisternal magnesium (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.07–1.02; p = 0.05). CSF drainage via LD was also found to significantly reduce the incidence of cerebral infarction (OR 0.35, 95% 0.24–0.51; p < 0.001). Lastly, functional outcome was significantly better in patients who received CSF drainage via LD (OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.39–4.21; p = 0.002).

CONCLUSIONS
The authors’ results showed that intrathecal therapy is a safe and feasible option following aSAH. It has been shown to attenuate cerebral vasospasm, reduce the incidence of DCI, and improve clinical outcome. The authors support the use of intrathecal management in the prevention and rescue management of cerebral vasospasm. More randomized controlled trials are warranted to determine the best combination of pharmaceutical agents and administration route in order to formulate a standardized treatment approach.
Methodological assessment of guidelines for the diagnosis and management of cerebral vasospasm using the AGREE-II tool
Authors: Tasiou Anastasia , Brotis Alexandros G. , Tzerefos Christos , Lambrianou Xanthoula , Fountas Kostas N. 
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE
Rupture of an intracranial aneurysm is the most common cause of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage. Despite the recent advances in its early detection, diagnosis, and proper treatment, the outcome of patients experiencing aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) remains poor. It is well known that cerebral vasospasm is the most troublesome complication of aSAH, while delayed cerebral ischemia related to cerebral vasospasm constitutes the major cause of unfavorable outcomes in patients with aSAH. The need for evidence-based guidelines is of great importance for the prevention, early detection, and efficient management of aSAH-induced vasospasm. Moreover, guidelines provide young physicians with a valuable tool for practicing defensible medicine. However, the methodology, clinical applicability, reporting clarity, and biases of guidelines must be periodically assessed. In this study, the authors sought to assess the reporting clarity and methodological quality of published guidelines and recommendations.

METHODS
A search was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The search terms used were “clinical practice guidelines,” “recommendations,” “stroke,” “subarachnoid hemorrhage,” and “vasospasm” in all possible combinations. The search period extended from 1964 to September 2021 and was limited to literature published in the English language. All published guidelines and recommendations reporting on the diagnosis and management of vasospasm were included. Studies other than those reporting guidelines and recommendations were excluded. The eligible studies were evaluated by three blinded raters, employing the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation II (AGREE-II) analysis tool.

RESULTS
A total of 10 sets of guidelines were evaluated in this study. The American Heart Association/American Stroke Association issued guidelines found to have the highest methodological quality and reporting clarity, followed by the European Stroke Organization guidelines and the English edition of the Japanese guidelines issued by the Japanese Society on Surgery for Cerebral Stroke. The interrater agreement was moderate in the current analysis.

CONCLUSIONS
These findings support the idea that improvement of currently existing guidelines is feasible in the following domains: the rigor of guidelines and recommendations development, clinical applicability, editorial independence, and stakeholder involvement. Furthermore, periodic updating of published guidelines requires improvement in the future.
Cardiac arrest in spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage and associated outcomes
Authors: Feldstein Eric , Dominguez Jose F. , Kaur Gurkamal , Patel Smit D. , Dicpinigaitis Alis J. , Semaan Rosa , Fuentes Leanne E. , Ogulnick Jonathan , Ng Christina , Rawanduzy Cameron , Kamal Haris , Pisapia Jared , Hanft Simon , Amuluru Krishna , Naidu Srihari S. , Cooper Howard A. , Prabhakaran Kartik , Mayer Stephan A. , Gandhi Chirag D. , Al-Mufti Fawaz 
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE
The authors sought to analyze a large, publicly available, nationwide hospital database to further elucidate the impact of cardiopulmonary arrest (CA) in association with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) on short-term outcomes of mortality and discharge disposition.

METHODS
This retrospective cohort study was conducted by analyzing de-identified data from the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample (NIS). The publicly available NIS database represents a 20% stratified sample of all discharges and is powered to estimate 95% of all inpatient care delivered across hospitals in the US. A total of 170,869 patients were identified as having been hospitalized due to nontraumatic SAH from 2008 to 2014.

RESULTS
A total of 5415 patients (3.2%) were hospitalized with an admission diagnosis of CA in association with SAH. Independent risk factors for CA included a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index score, hospitalization in a small or nonteaching hospital, and a Medicaid or self-pay payor status. Compared with patients with SAH and not CA, patients with CA-SAH had a higher mean NIS Subarachnoid Severity Score (SSS) ± SD (1.67 ± 0.03 vs 1.13 ± 0.01, p < 0.0001) and a vastly higher mortality rate (82.1% vs 18.4%, p < 0.0001). In a multivariable model, age, NIS-SSS, and CA all remained significant independent predictors of mortality. Approximately 18% of patients with CA-SAH survived and were discharged to a rehabilitation facility or home with health services, outcomes that were most predicted by chronic disease processes and large teaching hospital status.

CONCLUSIONS
In the largest study of its kind, CA at onset was found to complicate roughly 3% of spontaneous SAH cases and was associated with extremely high mortality. Despite this, survival can still be expected in approximately 18% of patients.
Electroencephalography for detection of vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a retrospective analysis and systematic review
Authors: Scherschinski Lea , Catapano Joshua S. , Karahalios Katherine , Koester Stefan W. , Benner Dimitri , Winkler Ethan A. , Graffeo Christopher S. , Srinivasan Visish M. , Jha Ruchira M. , Jadhav Ashutosh P. , Ducruet Andrew F. , Albuquerque Felipe C. , Lawton Michael T. 
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE
Good functional outcomes after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) are often dependent on early detection and treatment of cerebral vasospasm (CVS) and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). There is growing evidence that continuous monitoring with cranial electroencephalography (cEEG) can predict CVS and DCI. Therefore, the authors sought to assess the value of continuous cEEG monitoring for the detection of CVS and DCI in aSAH.

METHODS
The cerebrovascular database of a quaternary center was reviewed for patients with aSAH and cEEG monitoring between January 1, 2017, and July 31, 2019. Demographic data, cardiovascular risk factors, Glasgow Coma Scale score at admission, aneurysm characteristics, and outcomes were abstracted from the medical record. Patient data were retrospectively analyzed for DCI and angiographically assessed CVS. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and odds ratio for cEEG, transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCDS), CTA, and DSA in detecting DCI and angiographic CVS were calculated. A systematic literature review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines querying the PubMed, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Web of Science, and Embase databases.

RESULTS
A total of 77 patients (mean age 60 years [SD 15 years]; female sex, n = 54) were included in the study. Continuous cEEG monitoring detected DCI and angiographically assessed CVS with specificities of 82.9% (95% CI 66.4%–93.4%) and 94.4% (95% CI 72.7%–99.9%), respectively. The sensitivities were 11.1% (95% CI 3.1%–26.1%) for DCI (n = 71) and 18.8% (95% CI 7.2%–36.4%) for angiographically assessed CVS (n = 50). Furthermore, TCDS detected angiographically determined CVS with a sensitivity of 87.5% (95% CI 71.0%–96.5%) and specificity of 25.0% (95% CI 7.3%–52.4%). In patients with DCI, TCDS detected vasospasm with a sensitivity of 85.7% (95% CI 69.7%–95.2%) and a specificity of 18.8% (95% CI 7.2%–36.4%). DSA detected vasospasm with a sensitivity of 73.9% (95% CI 51.6%–89.8%) and a specificity of 47.8% (95% CI 26.8%–69.4%).

CONCLUSIONS
The study results suggest that continuous cEEG monitoring is highly specific in detecting DCI as well as angiographically assessed CVS. More prospective studies with predetermined thresholds and endpoints are needed to assess the predictive role of cEEG in aSAH.
PENGARUH JENIS MEDIA TANAM DAN PUPUK CAIR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN TOMAT ( Lycoppersium esculentum Mill.)
Authors: Sefia Fitriani , Kurniastuti Tri , Puspitorini Palupi 
Published: March 2022

Penalitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Media Tanam dan Pupuk Cair Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Tomat Lycoppersium esculentum Mill. Varietas Corona terhadap Pupuk Cair Ratu Biogen. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 2 faktor dan 4 Level. Faktor utama yaitu : Tanah, Sekam, dan arang sekam.Tampa Pupuk Organi Cair (X0), 2 Ml/ Liter(X1), 4 Ml/ Liter(X2), 6Ml/ Liter(X3). Para meter yang di amati meliputi tinggi tanaman, diameter batang tanaman, luas daun tanaman, jumlah daun tanaman, kulitas buah, jumlah buah, berat buah. Data analisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA), jika berpengaruh dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNJ). Hasil penelitian berdasarkan hasil analisis ragam menunjukan bahwa : 2) perlakuan pemnerian median dan pupuk cair (MX) berpengaruh Nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman Tomat meliputi semua parameter pengamatan yaitu mulai tinggi tanaman, Diameter batang tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, jumlah cabang, berat buah, dan jumlah buah, Kualitas Buah. Kosentrasi pemberian pupuk organic cair dengan media arang sekam , tanah (M3). Pupuk Organik Cair 2 Ml/ liter. Merupakan kosentrasi yang terbaik dengan menghasilkan nilai rata-rata tinggi pada semua parameter. Nilai terendah pada semua para meter di tunjukan dari kosentrasi tanpah Pupuk Organik Cair ( Tampah pupuk oraganik cair).
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN JAGUNG TERHADAP APLIKASI BIOCHAR PADA LAHAN KERING DENGAN DUA SISTEM IRIGASI
Authors: Soedradjad Raden , Soeparjono Sigit 
Published: March 2022

Indonesia memiliki lahan kering seluas 144,47 juta hektar dan 76% diantaranya berada di dataran rendah (< 700 mdpl), serta berpotensi untuk ditanami tanaman pangan. Pengembangan lahan kering dapat dilakukan melalui penerapan rekayasa biologi tanah dan pengelolaan air untuk mendukung keberlanjutan agroekosistem. Biochar dalam tanah akan menyediakan tempat hidup dan sumber energi bagi mikroorganisme. Sedangkan air berperan dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan mikroorganisme dan tumbuhan. Percobaan dilakukan di Desa Kandang, Kecamatan Kapongan, Situbondo pada musim kemarau 2020. Perlakuan aplikasi biochar terdiri atas 1.000 kg Biochar per hektar dan (200 kg biochar + 800 kg biochar kompos) per hektar; sedangkan sistem irigasi terdiri atas irigasi permukaan dan sprinkler. Tanaman Jagung ditanam secara zig-zag dengan jarak tanam 25x12,5x75 cm dan dalam satu lubang diisi satu biji. Variabel percobaan yang diamati meliputi laju pertumbuhan relatif (g/hari), kadar klorofil daun (µmol/m2), tinggi tanaman (cm), dan berat kering tanaman (g). Efek menguntungkan dari aplikasi Biochar dalam kondisi air terbatas adalah meningkatnya Water Holding Capacity (WHC) dan aktivitas mikroorganisme. Dengan demikian, tanaman Jagung akan mampu menyerap air dan nutrisi secara optimal dan tanaman Jagung tumbuh lebih baik. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa aplikasi Biochar dan sistem irigasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung di Lahan Kering.

Kata kunci: biochar, kompos, jagung, irigasi.
Perilaku Pencegahan Anak di Besuki Raya dalam Menanggapi Ancaman yang Dirasakan Dari Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Septiyono Eka Afdi , Rahmawati Iis , Ningrum Sukma 
Published: March 2022

AbstrakCOVID-19 adalah penyakit menular yang menyerang sistem pernapasan yang disebabkan oleh infeksi virus corona. Virus ini dapat menyebabkan gangguan ringan pada sistem pernapasan, infeksi paru-paru berat, hingga kematian. COVID-19 dapat menyerang siapa saja, terutama anak-anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali pengalaman anak-anak dalam pencegahan COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk menggali pengalaman anak. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah sepuluh anak yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Hasil yang diperoleh ada lima tema yaitu Perceived Severity, Perceived susceptibility, Perceived Benefit, Perceived Bariers, dan Health Motivation. Dalam penelitian ini, perilaku preventif yang dilakukan oleh anak adalah menjaga jarak, memakai masker, mencuci tangan, dan mengkonsumsi vitamin dan makanan bergizi. Diharapkan perawat dapat memotivasi agar anak dapat melakukan perilaku preventif agar tidak tertular COVID-19.Â Kata kunci: COVID-19, preventif, qnakÂ AbstractCOVID-19 is an infectious disease that attacks the respiratory system caused by infection with the coronavirus. This virus can cause mild disorders of the respiratory system, severe lung infections, and even death. COVID-19 can affect anyone, especially children. This research aims to explore children's experiences in preventing COVID-19. This study uses qualitative methods to explore the children's experiences. The participants in this study were ten children who were selected through the purposive sampling technique.. The results obtained are that there are five themes, namely, Perceived severity, Perceived susceptibility, Perceived Benefits, Perceived barriers, and Health Motivation. In this research, preventive behaviors carried out by children were to maintain distance, wear masks, wash their hands, and consume vitamins and nutritious foods. It is hoped that nurses can motivate so that children can carry out preventive behaviors not to become infected with COVID-19.Â Keywords: COVID-19, preventive, children