bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing GPs’ antibiotic prescribing decisions to a clinical prediction rule: an online vignette study
Authors: Nurek Martine , Hay Alastair D , Kostopoulou Olga 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundThe ‘STARWAVe’ clinical prediction rule (CPR) uses seven factors to guide risk assessment and antibiotic prescribing in children with cough (Short illness duration, Temperature, Age, Recession, Wheeze, Asthma, Vomiting).AimTo assess the influence of STARWAVe factors on GPs’ unaided risk assessments and prescribing decisions.Design and settingClinical vignettes administered to 188 UK GPs online.MethodGPs were randomly assigned to view 32 (out of a possible 64) vignettes online depicting children with cough. The vignettes comprised the seven STARWAVe factors, which were varied systematically. For each vignette, GPs assessed risk of deterioration in one of two ways (sliding-scale versus risk-category selection) and indicated whether they would prescribe antibiotics. Finally, GPs saw an additional vignette, suggesting that the parent was concerned. Mixed-effects regressions were used to measure the influence of STARWAVe factors, risk-elicitation method, and parental concern on GPs’ assessments and decisions.ResultsSix STARWAVe risk factors correctly increased GPs’ risk assessments (bssliding-scale≥0.66, odds ratios [ORs]category-selection≥1.75,Ps≤0.001), whereas one incorrectly reduced them (short illness duration:bsliding-scale−0.30, ORcategory-selection0.80,P≤0.039). Conversely, one STARWAVe factor increased prescribing odds (temperature: OR 5.22,P<0.001), whereas the rest either reduced them (short illness duration, age, and recession: ORs≤0.70,Ps<0.001) or had no significant impact (wheeze, asthma, and vomiting:Ps≥0.065). Parental concern increased risk assessments (bsliding-scale1.29, ORcategory-selection2.82,P≤0.003) but not prescribing odds (P= 0.378).ConclusionGPs use some, but not all, STARWAVe factors when making unaided risk assessments and prescribing decisions. Such discrepancies must be considered when introducing CPRs to clinical practice.
Prognostic factors for persistent fatigue after COVID-19: a prospective matched cohort study in primary care
Authors: König Benthe H , van Jaarsveld Cornelia HM , Bischoff Erik WMA , Schers Henk J , Lucassen Peter LBJ , Olde Hartman Tim C 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundPersistent fatigue after COVID-19 is common; however, the exact incidence and prognostic factors differ between studies. Evidence suggests that age, female sex, high body mass index, and comorbidities are risk factors for long COVID.AimTo investigate the prevalence of persistent fatigue after COVID-19 in patients with a mild infection (managed in primary care) during the first wave of the pandemic and to determine prognostic factors for persistent fatigue.Design and settingThis was a prospective cohort study in Dutch general practice, combining online questionnaires with data from electronic health records.MethodPatients who contacted their GP between March and May 2020 and were diagnosed with COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic were included. Patients were matched to controls without COVID-19 based on age, sex, and GP practice. Fatigue was measured at 3, 6, and 15 months, using the Checklist of Individual Strength.ResultsAll the participants were GP attendees and included 179 with suspected COVID-19, but who had mild COVID and who had not been admitted to hospital with COVID, and 122 without suspected COVID-19. Persistent fatigue was present in 35% (49/142) of the suspected COVID-19 group and 13% (14/109) of the non-COVID-19 group (odds ratio 3.65; 95% confidence interval = 1.82 to 7.32). Prognostic factors for persistent fatigue included low education level, absence of a partner, high neuroticism (using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised-Short Form), low resilience, high frequency of GP contact, medication use, and threatening experiences in the past. The latter three factors appeared to be prognostic factors for persistent fatigue specifically after COVID-19 infection.ConclusionGP patients with COVID-19 (who were not admitted to hospital with COVID) have a fourfold higher chance of developing persistent fatigue than GP patients who had not had COVID-19. This risk is even higher in psychosocially vulnerable patients who had COVID-19.
Structural design of BaSi2 solar cells with a-SiC electron-selective transport layers
Authors: Du Rui , Aonuki Sho , Hasebe Hayato , Kido Kazuki , Takenaka Haruki , Toko Kaoru , Mesuda Masami , Suemasu Takashi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Sputter-deposited polycrystalline BaSi2 films capped with a 5 nm thick a-SiC layer showed high photoresponsivity. This means that the a-SiC layer functions as a capping layer to prevent surface oxidation of BaSi2. Based on the measured absorption edge, the electron affinity of the a-SiC layer, and the work function of the TiN layer, the a-SiC is considered to act as an electron transport layer (ETL) for the BaSi2 light absorber layer/a-SiC interlayer/TiN contact structure in a BaSi2 solar cell. Using a 10 nm thick p+-BaSi2 layer as a hole transport layer, we investigated the effect of the BaSi2/a-SiC layered structure on the device performance of a BaSi2-pn homojunction solar cell by a one-dimensional device simulator (AFORS-HET v2.5). The a-SiC ETL effectively separates photogenerated carriers and allows transport of electrons while blocking holes to achieve an efficiency of 22% for a 500 nm thick BaSi2 light absorber layer.
PENERAPAN WEB SCRAPING DESKRIPSI PRODUK MENGGUNAKAN SELENIUM PYTHON DAN FRAMEWORK LARAVEL
Authors: Kusumo Stephen 
Published: December 2022

Perkembangan kegiatan jual-beli barang pada pasar online dapat berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan perdagangan elektronik (E-Commerce). Banyak situs-situs E-Commerce yang menawarkan produk dengan harga dan deskripsi yang berbeda. Dalam melakukan pengolahan data produk dalam sebuah pasar online (Marketplace) tentunya akan menghabiskan waktu yang tidaklah sedikit bila memiliki data produk yang sangat banyak. Keterbatasan waktu dalam mengelola data produk dapat diatasi dengan menggunakan proses web scraping. Web scraping adalah proses pengambilan sebuah dokumen semi-terstruktur dari internet dengan tujuan untuk mengambil data atau informasi secara keseluruhan atau sebagian dari halaman berupa website dengan bahasa markup seperti HTML atau XHTML untuk kepentingan yang lain. Dengan permasalahan tersebut maka dilakukan perancangan system menggunakan selenium dan framework laravel untuk mengambil data maupun melakukan edit data agar menjadi lebih efisien dalam mengatur data produk yang dimiliki. Hasil dari penerapan web scraping adalah pengguna dapat mengambil data informasi berupa deskripsi produk dengan cepat dan tepat pada situs e-commerce dan e-marketplace yaitu Shopee dengan menggunakan penyimpanan database MySQL.
Confidence judgments are associated with face identification accuracy: Findings from a confidence forced-choice task
Authors: Jeckeln Géraldine , Mamassian Pascal , O’Toole Alice J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractConfidence is assumed to be an indicator of identification accuracy in legal practices (e.g., forensic face examination). However, it is not clear whether people can evaluate the correctness of their face-identification decisions reliably using confidence reports. In the current experiment, confidence in the correctness of the perceptual decision was measured with a confidence forced-choice methodology: Upon completion of two perceptual face-identity matching trials, the participants were asked to compare the two decisions and to select the trial on which they felt more confident. On each face-identity matching trial, participants viewed three face images (two same-identity images, one different-identity image) and were instructed to select the image of the different identity. In order to measure the extent to which difficulty level informs confidence decisions, we selected face-image triads using item-difficulty estimates extracted from psychometric modeling applied in a prior study. The difference in difficulty between the paired face-image triads predicted the proportion of high-confidence judgments allocated to the easier trial of the pair. Consistent with the impact of difficulty monitoring on confidence judgments, performance was significantly more accurate on trials associated with higher confidence. Overall, the results suggested that people reliably evaluate the correctness of their perceptual face-identity matching decisions and use trial difficulty to evaluate confidence.
RUANG KOMUNAL SEBAGAI RUANG PUBLIK SEBAGAI WADAH AKTIFITAS WARGA KAMPUNG ASEMPAYUNG SURABAYA
Authors: Hastorahmanto Prabani , Trisjanti Lucia , Putra Heristama , Setiawan Ferdinard , Febriyanti Nurul , Andika Andreas , Marcelino Fransiskus , Andeng  , Setiawan Ruth , Widodo Eric 
Published: December 2022

Ruang publik terpadu sebagai ruang komunal di Kampung Asem Payung merupakan program pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh Program Studi Arsitektur untuk menyediakan ruang yang aman dan nyaman untuk berbagai jenis kegiatan sosial bagi warga. Persoalannya, tidak ada ruang publik untuk aktivitas seperti warga dan aktivitas anak-anak. Metode penulisan yang digunakan adalah observasi lokasi secara langsung untuk melihat keadaan dengan diawali wawancara langsung dengan Ketua RT setempat. Hasil yang didapatkan dari kegiatan pengabdian dalam masyarakat ini adalah masterplan dan wujud dari ruang publik yang terbuka dengan saling terintegrasi yang prosesnya dilakukan dengan cara diskusi secara berkelompok dengan para warga. Rencana ini nantinya akan menjadi sebagai usulan pengajuan ruang publik terpadu agar bisa diwujudkan dan dapat menambahkan ruang untuk terjadinya aktivitas sosial untuk para warga agar dapat berkegiatan. Karena selama ini tidak ada tempat yang memadai sehingga ketika terjadinya aktivitas tersebut dapat mengganggu akses penggunaan jalan.
Fast Multipole Method for Gravitational Lensing: Application to High-magnification Quasar Microlensing
Authors: Jiménez-Vicente J. , Mediavilla E. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We introduce the use of the fast multipole method (FMM) to speed up gravitational lensing ray tracing calculations. The method allows very fast calculation of ray deflections when a large number of deflectors, N
*, are involved, while keeping rigorous control on the errors. In particular, we apply this method, in combination with the inverse polygon mapping (IPM) technique, to quasar microlensing to generate microlensing magnification maps with very high workloads (high magnification, large size, and/or high resolution) that require a very large number of deflectors. Using FMM-IPM, the computation time can be reduced by a factor of ∼105 with respect to standard inverse ray shooting (IRS), making the use of this algorithm on a personal computer comparable to the use of standard IRS on GPUs. We also provide a flexible web interface for easy calculation of microlensing magnification maps using FMM-IPM (see https://gloton.ugr.es/microlensing/). We exemplify the power of this new method by applying it to some challenging interesting astrophysical scenarios, including clustered primordial black holes and extremely magnified stars close to the giant arcs of galaxy clusters. We also show the performance/use of FMM to calculate ray deflection for a halo resulting from cosmological simulations composed of a large number (N ≳ 107) of elements.
STITCH: A Subgrid-scale Model for Energy Buildup in the Solar Corona
Authors: Dahlin J. T. , DeVore C. R. , Antiochos S. K. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The solar corona routinely exhibits explosive activity, in particular coronal mass ejections and their accompanying eruptive flares, which have global-scale consequences. These events and their smaller counterparts, coronal jets, originate in narrow, sinuous filament channels. The key processes that form and evolve the channels operate on still smaller spatial scales and much longer timescales, culminating in a vast separation of characteristic lengths and times that govern these explosive phenomena. In this article, we describe implementation and tests of an efficient subgrid-scale model for generating eruptive structures in magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) coronal simulations. STITCH—STatistical InjecTion of Condensed Helicity—is a physics-based, reduced representation of helicity condensation: a process wherein small-scale vortical surface convection forms ubiquitous current sheets and pervasive reconnection across the sheets mediates an inverse cascade of magnetic helicity and free energy, thereby forming the filament channels. We have developed a formalism, STITCH, that abstracts these complex processes into a single term in Ohm’s law and the induction equation that directly injects tangential magnetic flux into the low corona. We show that our approach is in very good agreement with a full helicity condensation calculation that treats all of the dynamics explicitly, while enabling substantial reductions in temporal duration and spatial resolution. In addition, we illustrate the flexibility of STITCH at forming localized filament channels and at energizing complex surface flux distributions that have sinuous boundaries. STITCH is simple to implement and computationally efficient, making it a powerful technique for physics-based modeling of solar eruptive events.
Discovery of a Double Sequence of Blue Straggler Stars in the Core-collapsed Globular Cluster NGC 6256
Authors: Cadelano Mario , Ferraro Francesco R. , Dalessandro Emanuele , Lanzoni Barbara , Pallanca Cristina , Saracino Sara 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We used a combination of high-resolution optical images acquired with the Hubble Space Telescope and near-IR wide-field data to investigate the stellar density profile and the population of blue straggler stars (BSSs) in the Galactic globular cluster NGC 6256, with the aim of probing its current stage of internal dynamical evolution. We found that the inner stellar density profile significantly deviates from a King model, while it is well reproduced by a steep cusp with a power-law slope α
cusp = −0.89, thus implying that the cluster is currently in the post-core-collapse (PCC) phase. This is also confirmed by the very high segregation level of the BSS population measured through the

A

rh

+

parameter. We also found that the distribution of BSSs in the color–magnitude diagram is characterized by a collimated blue sequence and a red more sparse component, as already observed in three other PCC clusters. A comparison with appropriate collisional models demonstrates that the vast majority of the BSSs lying along the collimated blue sequence is consistent with a generation of coeval (1 Gyr old) stars with different masses originated by an event that highly enhanced the collisional rate of the system (i.e., the core collapse). This study confirms that the segregation level of BSSs is a powerful dynamical diagnostic also of star cluster in a very advanced stage of dynamical evolution. Moreover, it pushes forward the possibility of using the morphology of BSSs in a color–magnitude diagram as a tracer of the core-collapse and subsequent dynamical evolutionary phases.
X-Ray Spectroscopic Evidence of Charge Exchange Emission in the Disk of M51
Authors: Zhang 张 Shuinai 水乃 , Wang Q. Daniel , Sun Wei , Long Min , Sun 孙 Jia 佳 , Ji Li 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In the disks of spiral galaxies, diffuse soft X-ray emission is known to be strongly correlated with star-forming regions. However, this emission is not simply from a thermal-equilibrium plasma and its origin remains greatly unclear. In this work, we present an X-ray spectroscopic analysis of the emission from the northern hot spot; a region with enhanced star formation off the nucleus of M51. Based on the high spectral resolution data from XMM-Newton/Reflection Grating Spectrometer (RGS) observations, we unambiguously detect a high G ratio (

3.2

−
1.5

+
6.9

) of the O vii Heα triplet. This high G ratio is also spatially confirmed by oxygen emission-line maps from the same data. A physical model consisting of a thermal plasma and its charge exchange (CX) with neutral cool gas gives a good explanation for the G ratio and the entire RGS spectra. This model also gives a satisfactory characterization of the complementary Chandra ACIS-S data, which enables a direct imaging of the diffuse emission, tracing the hot plasma across the galaxy. The hot plasma has a similar characteristic temperature of ∼0.34 keV and an approximately solar metallicity. The CX contributes ∼50% to the diffuse emission in the 0.4–1.8 keV band, suggesting an effective hot/cool gas interface area about five times the geometric area of the M51 disk. Therefore, the CX appears to play a major role in the soft X-ray production and may be used as a powerful tool to probe the interface astrophysics, important for studying galactic ecosystems.
On the Local Structure of Stochastic Parker Spirals in the Solar Wind
Authors: Bian N. H. , Li Gang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We present a Langevin model describing the local structure of the interplanetary magnetic field lines. It is established on the basis of the analysis of the Lagrangian properties of strong Alfvénic turbulence, which provides a new perspective on the critical balance condition. The model is consistent with the

k

∥

−
2

spectrum of magnetic fluctuations derived from in situ measurements. We show that the magnetic field line diffusivity at the spacecraft position can be inferred from the wavelet analysis of one-point measurements of the fluctuating magnetic fields in the solar wind independently of the three-dimensional nature of the anisotropy.
Influence of Neutrino–Nuclear Reactions on the Abundance of 74Se
Authors: Song N. , Zhang S. , Li Z. H. , Li G. X. , Gao Z. C. , Wang H. K. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The p-nuclei are supposed to be produced in different astrophysical processes, such as rapid-proton capture, photonuclear reaction, and neutrino-induced reaction. To date, their abundance cannot be reasonably explained. In the present work, the cross sections of the 74Ge (ν

e
, e
−) 74As reaction are calculated with the theoretical and experimental B(GT) values, respectively. The abundance ratios between 74Se and 74Ge produced from the neutrino process (ν-process) are estimated based on the simple hypothesis for core-collapse supernova explosions. The results show that the upper limit of the 74Se and 74Ge abundance ratio resulting from the ν-process is about 36% of the value in the solar system.
A Scheme of Full Kinetic Particle-in-cell Algorithms for GPU Acceleration Using CUDA Fortran Programming
Authors: Xiong Q. Y. , Huang S. Y. , Yuan Z. G. , Jiang K. , Wei Y. Y. , Xu S. B. , Zhang J. , Wang Z. , Lin R. T. , Yu L. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The emerging computable devices, graphical processing units (GPUs), are gradually applied in the simulations of space physics. In this paper, we introduce an approach that implements full kinetic particle-in-cell simulations on GPU architecture devices using the CUDA Fortran language programming for the first time. Using the latest high-performance computing NVIDIA GPUs, this program, which follows the second-order leap-frog iteration method, can speed up the computing process by a factor of 150–285 on a single device compared with the time cost of running with a single core of an Intel Xeon Gold processor. Our scheme improves fast accessibility to the simulation results and provides valuable assistance in studying the physical process.
CORINOS. I. JWST/MIRI Spectroscopy and Imaging of a Class 0 Protostar IRAS 15398–3359
Authors: Yang Yao-Lun , Green Joel D. , Pontoppidan Klaus M. , Bergner Jennifer B. , Cleeves L. Ilsedore , Evans II Neal J. , Garrod Robin T. , Jin Miwha , Kim Chul Hwan , Kim Jaeyeong , Lee Jeong-Eun , Sakai Nami , Shingledecker Christopher N. , Shope Brielle , Tobin John J. , van Dishoeck Ewine F. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The origin of complex organic molecules (COMs) in young Class 0 protostars has been one of the major questions in astrochemistry and star formation. While COMs are thought to form on icy dust grains via gas-grain chemistry, observational constraints on their formation pathways have been limited to gas-phase detection. Sensitive mid-infrared spectroscopy with JWST enables unprecedented investigation of COM formation by measuring their ice absorption features. Mid-infrared emission from disks and outflows provide complementary constraints on the protostellar systems. We present an overview of JWST/Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) Medium Resolution Spectroscopy (MRS) and imaging of a young Class 0 protostar, IRAS 15398−3359, and identify several major solid-state absorption features in the 4.9–28 μm wavelength range. These can be attributed to common ice species, such as H2O, CH3OH, NH3, and CH4, and may have contributions from more complex organic species, such as C2H5OH and CH3CHO. In addition to ice features, the MRS spectra show many weaker emission lines at 6–8 μm, which are due to warm CO gas and water vapor, possibly from a young embedded disk previously unseen. Finally, we detect emission lines from [Fe ii], [Ne ii], [S i], and H2, tracing a bipolar jet and outflow cavities. MIRI imaging serendipitously covers the southwestern (blueshifted) outflow lobe of IRAS 15398−3359, showing four shell-like structures similar to the outflows traced by molecular emission at submillimeter wavelengths. This overview analysis highlights the vast potential of JWST/MIRI observations and previews scientific discoveries in the coming years.
If Dark Matter is Fuzzy, the First Stars Form in Massive Pancakes
Authors: Kulkarni Mihir , Visbal Eli , Bryan Greg L. , Li Xinyu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Fuzzy dark matter (FDM) is a proposed modification for the standard cold dark matter (CDM) model motivated by small-scale discrepancies in low-mass galaxies. Composed of ultralight (mass ∼ 1022 eV) axions with kiloparsec-scale de Broglie wavelengths, this is one of a class of candidates that predicts that the first collapsed objects form in relatively massive dark matter halos. This implies that the formation history of the first stars and galaxies would be very different, potentially placing strong constraints on such models. Here we numerically simulate the formation of the first stars in an FDM cosmology, following the collapse in a representative volume all the way down to primordial protostar formation including a primordial nonequilibrium chemical network and cooling for the first time. We find two novel results: first, the large-scale collapse results in a very thin and flat gas “pancake”; second, despite the very different cosmology, this pancake fragments until it forms protostellar objects indistinguishable from those in CDM. Combined, these results indicate that the first generation of stars in this model are also likely to be massive and, because of the sheet morphology, do not self-regulate, resulting in a massive Population III starburst. We estimate the total number of first stars forming in this extended structure to be 104 over 20 Myr using a simple model to account for the ionizing feedback from the stars, and should be observable with the James Webb Space Telescope. These predictions provide a potential smoking gun signature of FDM and similar dark matter candidates.