bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distresses reported by physicians and nurses toward peculiarities of patients with head and neck cancer at a university general hospital in Brazil: A qualitative study
Authors: Turato E. , Bispo A.C. , Rodrigues J.R. , Lima C.S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionContextualization: health professionals’ anguish towards the patient with head and neck cancer (HNC) permeates clinical issues: the location of the tumour, if advanced diagnosis, the psychosocial features of the patient. The perception, coming from patients as undesirable, refers to the conflict of how to deal with one’s own anguishes.ObjectivesAIM: To explore and interpret how anguish experienced by physicians and nurses are mobilized regarding to the clinical and psychosocial peculiarities of patients with HNC.MethodsStrategies: Clinical-qualitative design; semi-directed interview with open-ended questions in depth. Trigger question: “Tell me about the management of the patient with …”. Ten interviewees (06 nurses and 04 resident doctors) from a university oncology outpatient. Intentional sample. Clinical-Qualitative Content Analysis with psychodynamic concepts. Findings validated by peers at the Laboratory of Clinical-Qualitative Research at the University of Campinas, Brazil.ResultsTopics: the treatment of the speeches resulted in three emerging categories: (1) Cancer is literally on the face: self-perception of peculiarities; (2) An appalling illness: dealing with the ‘deteriorated’; (3) To naturalize without trivializing: handling with their own anguish.ConclusionsFinal considerations: The anguish of health professionals who deals with the HNC patient consists of the feelings, which are not exposed, because they are not organized and neither understood as natural feelings. It is up to them to seek neutrality to minimize the anguish present in the conflict of not manifesting thoughts considered inadequate by the patient, avoiding moral judgments and conflicts. Balint groups are recommended to attend emotional demands of health professionals.
Acceptance and commitment therapy for chronic pain: A systematic review
Authors: Ramos S. Freitas , Dias A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionChronic pain is common, costly, and associated with significant disability and negative effects on well-being and mental health. The treatment is challenging, requiring a multidisciplinary approach. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) aims to help patients in engaging in a flexible and persistent pattern of values-directed behavior while in contact with continuing pain and discomfort.ObjectivesTo provide an updated review on the efficacy of ACT for the management of chronic pain.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review based on the PubMed® and EBSCO databases up to April 2020.ResultsFifteen trials were included. The results were in favour of ACT in pain acceptance, functioning and pain intensity with small to large effect sizes. Few studies evaluated quality of life, but half of those were favourable to ACT. We also focused our analysis on ACT online interventions, considering the current demands due to the COVID-19 pandemic.ConclusionsThe current systematic review points in favour of ACT for the management of chronic pain conditions, though the studies included suffered from methodological limitations, which may have led to overestimated effects. Methodologically robust trials are required to further understand the clinical efficacy of ACT for chronic pain and which patients most benefit from this intervention.
Lessons learned from the coronavirus health crisis in the nordic countries
Authors: Valdimarsdóttir U. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract BodyThe COVID-19 pandemic has had an unprecedented influence on the global economy and population health. Vigorous, well-designed studies with complete, long-term follow-up of high risk groups including COVID-19 patients, their families and frontline workers are imperative for a comprehensive understanding of the mental health impact of the pandemic. The Nordic-Baltic national registries and biobank resources provide a unique opportunity to gain critical insight into the interplay between mental and somatic health during the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVIDMENT consortium leverages an extensive research experience and infrastructure from ongoing collaborations between four Nordic countries and Estonia, including national registry resources (est. >24 million individuals) and new COVID-19 cohorts with questionnaire data (est. > 220.000 individuals), to significantly advance current knowledge of mental morbidity trajectories in the COVID-19 pandemic. This program will address the following specific aims: 1) The role of preexisting psychiatric disorders in subsequent risk and progression of a COVID-19 infection. 2) The impact of COVID-19 on short and long-term psychiatric sequel among COVID-19 patients, their families and frontline workers. 3) The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on population mental health by the varying mitigating responses and corresponding COVID-19 related mortality rates across 4 Nordic countries and Estonia. These data sources and research plan, along with preliminary results will be presented.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Borderline personality disorder and psychotic symptoms. report of two cases
Authors: Mata A. Hernández , Gómez A. Sotillos , Barandiarán M. Esparza , Coscujuela P. Marco 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionDSM-V includes near-psychotic symptoms as new criteria in borderline personality disorder (BPD). This change makes more difficult the differential diagnosis between considering psychotic symptoms as part of the BPD or as part of a comorbid psychotic disorder.ObjectivesRecognize the difficulty of the differential diagnosis in clinical practice between BPD and comorbid diagnosis of BPD with psychotic disorders, and how it can affect the patient’s outcome.MethodsPatients’ data is obtained from medical history and psychiatric interviews carried out during their hospitalizations.Results32 year-old female patient with previous diagnosis of BPD, psychotic episodes and cannabis abuse, was admitted due to paranoid ideation and aggressiveness, with massive borderline defense mechanisms (frequent displays of anger, high impulsivity, low frustration tolerance, self-destructive behavior…). Psychotic symptoms ceased two weeks after admission, and considering the patient’s individual characteristic it was believed BPD fitted more with this clinical case, although different psychotic disorders were considered. 30 year-old female patient began intensive psychiatric treatment with previous diagnosis of BPD, psychotic disorder and cannabis abuse. It was observed that the paranoid ideation and bodily experiences she suffered lasted months and were characterized by a strong belief. These two reasons were put into consideration when it was decided to judge this clinical case as a comorbid diagnosis of BPD with a psychotic disorder.ConclusionsIt is necessary to assess the difficulty of the differential diagnosis in these patients, and offer them specialized treatment depending on the diagnosis, as it can affect the patient’s outcome.
Moral disengagement and social distancing of people with a personality disorder
Authors: Heissler R. , Doubková N. , Jonáš J. , Preiss M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionPeople with personality disorders (PD) share some impairments in personality functioning (e.g. identity, intimacy, empathy) that are also associated with inner or interpersonal conflicts, and sometimes also with different strategies of moral disengagement (MD). It is unclear whether MD strategies are related to individuals with/without PD and their willingness to have social contacts with representatives of otherness (like minorities, physically handicapped, etc.).ObjectivesComparison of the differences in MD strategies and social distance to the otherness of healthy controls and people with PD, and the influence of personality functioning.MethodsMoral Disengagement Scale which measures eight MD strategies, the Semi-Structured Interview for Personality Functioning DSM-5 assessing the Self and Interpersonal functioning, and Bogardus Social Distance Scale measuring perceived social distance toward various representatives of otherness are applied in two samples (general population and personality disorders).ResultsPeople with PD showed a significantly higher propensity to use various MD strategies than healthy controls with moderate effect size (.34–.49). Moral disengagement is facilitated by different aspects of personality functioning in both samples, sharing the impairments in maintaining close relationships. Both samples differed in MD strategies connected with higher social distancing.ConclusionsPeople with PD are more prone to moral disengagement than healthy adults. MD appears to be facilitated by different aspects of personality functioning in both samples. Some representants of otherness are more related to specific MD strategies. We hypothesize that understanding of specific MD strategies used by people with PD can provide insight and explain some of their behavior.
Generalized problematic internet use and perfectionism in portuguese university students
Authors: Maia B. Rodrigues , Soares M.J. , Pereira A.T. , Marques M. , Carvalho F. , Macedo A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionAlthough there are several empirical studies exploring the relationship between problematic Internet use and personality traits, few had considered perfectionism.ObjectivesTo explore the association between generalized problematic Internet use and perfectionism.MethodsA sample of 433 Portuguese university students (Mage = 20.15 years, SD = 1.77, range = 18-25 years) completed the Generalized Problematic Internet Use Scale 2/GPIU and the Multidimensional Perfectionism Composite Scale – short version.ResultsGPIU total score (rs=.16**), Mood Regulation (rs=.22**), and Deficient Self-Regulation (rs=.13**) were correlated with Positive Striving factor. GPIU total score (rs=.38**), Preference for Online Social Interaction (rs=.16**), Mood Regulation (rs=.28**), Deficient Self-Regulation (rs = .33**), and Negative Consequences (rs=.41**) were significantly correlated with Evaluative Concerns factor. A one-way between groups analysis of variance was conducted to explore the relation between GPIU and perfectionism. Subjects were divided into three groups according to their GPIU risk levels (Group1:low-risk; Group2:medium-risk; Group3:high-risk). There was a statistically difference at p >.05 level in Positive Striving scores for the three risk level groups: F (2,430)=4.39, p=.013, and in Evaluative Concerns scores, F (2,430)=28.83, p=<.001. Post-hoc comparisons using the Tukey USD test, for Positive Striving, indicated that the mean score for Group1 (M=39.21, SD=8.56) was significantly different from Group3 (M=43.69, SD=9.74). Considering Evaluative Concerns, the mean score for Group1 (M=39.86, SD=11.31) was significantly different from Group2 (M=46.91, SD=11.42) and from Group3 (M=51.75, SD=8.54).ConclusionsGPIU is consistently related to maladaptive perfectionism. Future longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the bidirectional association between GPIU and perfectionism traits.
The portuguese version of the big three perfectionism scale – further validation with adults from the general population
Authors: Oliveira J. , Pereira A.T. , Araujo A. , Cabaços C. , Azevedo J. , Carvalho F. , Macedo A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionBoth original Big Three Perfectionism Scale (BTPS; Smith et al. 2016), and the Portuguese version validated with a sample of university students (Lino et al. 2018) evaluates three second-order factors (rigid, self-oriented and narcissistic perfectionism) and ten facets.ObjectivesTo confirm the BTPS three-factors-ten-dimensions’ structure in a sample of Portuguese adults from the general population.MethodsA sample of 467 adults (70.7% females; Mean age=38.44±12.27; range: 25-82) answered the BTPS Portuguese version and other validated perfectionism measures (Multidimensional Perfectionism Scales from Frost and Hewitt & Flett; Self-Presentation Perfectionism Scale). To study the temporal stability a sub-sample of 132 participants completed the BTPS again after approximately five weeks. SPSS and AMOS software was used.ResultsThe second order model presented an acceptable fit (X²/df=3.115; TLI=.811; CFI=.825; RMSEA=.067). There was also evidence of a general factor comprising all the 45 items (X²/df=3.127; TLI=.809; CFI=.823; [JA1] RMSEA=.068). The Cronbach alphas of the three factors ranged from a=.88 to a=.92; and facets had a>.70 showing a total of a=.94. Total and dimensional scores showed significant positive and moderate to high correlations with the other perfectionism measures and their test-retest correlation coefficients were r=.85 (p<0.001).ConclusionsThis study confirms the validity and reliability of the Portuguese BTPS underlying three-factors structure. Additionally, we found, for the first time, that BTPS can also be validly and reliably used to measure a global perfectionism construct. It is our intention to develop a shorter version the Portuguese BTPS in the near future.
Epigenetic pathways in PTSD
Authors: Klengel T. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract BodyNonhuman primates (NHPs) are critical for translational research due to their close genetic, physiological, and behavioral similarity to humans. In particular, higher brain functions depend on brain regions and neural circuits that evolved differently between primates and rodents. Thus, NHPs are a strong translational model system to investigate the pathophysiology and relevant biological correlates of mental disorders. This talk will focus on translational approaches leveraging NHP models to advance our understanding of environmentally induced epigenetic changes in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Environmental factors including early life stress significantly contribute to risk and resilience for psychiatric disorders including PTSD. However, human studies are often confounded, and it remains challenging to identify robust epigenetic signals in clinical populations even in large studies. We investigate the natural spectrum of behavioral phenotypes in rhesus macaques to complement human studies with a focus on stress and fear. This talk will present data on epigenetic signatures of fear and the effects of early life stress in rhesus monkeys and their relationship to human studies.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
PTSD in jewish holocaust survivors’ as a risk factor in the development of mental health conditions in their offspring
Authors: Cooper S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionTransgenerational transmission of trauma (TTT) describes the residual ‘presence of the past’ through generations. This phenomenon has an established evidence base with Holocaust survivors (HS) and their offspring, who are hypothesised to be at a greater risk of psychiatric conditions. This advanced literature review explores the relationship between Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in survivors and mental health conditions (MHC) in survivor’s offspring.ObjectivesThe objective is to review the literature, looking for evidence of TTT and exploring the mechanisms of action of such phenomenon.MethodsAn advanced search was performed in three databases; Medline, Ovid PsycInfo and the Yehuda Schwarzbaum Online library using the following search terms; (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder OR PTSD) AND (Holocaust OR Shoah) AND (Offspring OR Children)’. 190 articles were identified and a following 163 were excluded. 26 studies were reviewed.ResultsParental PTSD is circumstantially influential in parenting and attachment quality. Unfavourable attachments in offspring are associated with psychiatric conditions. Furthermore, poor health behaviour can be transmitted; for example, poor diet is an independent risk factor for depression. Psychopathology may pass intergenerationally; parental PTSD increases the risk of developing PTSD in response to one’s trauma. Parental PTSD can also result in impaired cortisol function and epigenetic changes.ConclusionsPTSD in HS is an important risk factor for development of MHC in offspring. However, this does not mean all offspring develop MHC. The variability in offspring proneness to psychiatric conditions may reflect specific vulnerabilities. Further research is pertinent for an understanding of TTT. The poster will discuss clinical value.
New insights on affective morbidity and childhood maltreatment
Authors: Kumari V. 
Published: February 2022

Childhood maltreatment (physical, sexual or emotional abuse, and physical or emotional neglect, by a parent, caregiver or other adult) is a major problem of global significance. Children who suffered maltreatment of any kind are known to experience a range of mental health problems, including depression, anxiety, psychosis, substance abuse, eating disorders, suicidal symptomatology and personality disorder. These problems often emerge in childhood and last through adulthood to old age. Furthermore, people with a history of childhood maltreatment show a worse-than-usual response to standard treatment approaches to improve their mental health. There is growing evidence that emotional abuse, one of the most prevalent forms of childhood maltreatment, may have the most wide-ranging impact of all maltreatment types on mental health outcomes as it appears to be a transdiagnostic risk factor for several psychiatric disorders, and found to me more strongly associated with development of affective disorders than physical abuse or neglect. There is a need to move beyond simple association studies and shift the research focus on sophisticated multimodal studies to fully understand the psychobiological mechanisms underlying affective morbidity, as well as the protective factors that might promote resilience, in the face of (specific forms of) childhood maltreatment.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Anticipating transitions in mental health in at-risk youth: A large-scale diary study into early warning signals
Authors: Schreuder M. , Wigman J. , Smit A. , Hartman C. , Wichers M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionTransitions in mental health, such as the onset or sudden progression of psychopathology, are difficult to foresee. If mental health behaves like other complex systems, drops in mental health may be anticipated by early warning signals (EWS), which manifest in the dynamics of time series data.ObjectivesThis study aimed to establish the sensitivity and specificity of EWS as personalized risk markers for sudden drops mental health.MethodsIndividuals (N=122, mean age 23.6 ±0.7 years, 57% males) at increased risk for psychopathology completed daily questionnaires on mental states for six consecutive months. Transitions in mental health were identified by change point analyses. EWS, operationalized as rising trends in the autoregressive coefficient of 36 negative mental states, were identified using generalized additive models.ResultsEWS were found for 59% of individuals with a drop in mental health, and for 47% without such a drop (sensitivity: 0-.12; specificity: .88-1). There were considerable individual differences in the prevalence, strength, and timing of EWS.ConclusionsEWS might be informative of impeding transitions, yet they are also highly conservative. Present findings may inspire future research into the prerequisites for detecting EWS in the context of mental health, for instance with respect to the stability of pre- and post-transition phases, the magnitude of transitions, and the timescale at which EWS manifest. An improved understanding of the dynamics that govern psychopathology could ultimately allow us to determine whether a specific individual at a specific moment in time is at risk for a sudden onset or progression of mental health problems.
N-acetyl-cysteine administration during foetal life improves social behaviour and restores hippocampal bdnf levels in adolescent mice prenatally exposed to a high-fat diet
Authors: Musillo C. , Berry A. , Collacchi B. , Pieroni E. , Lepre M. , Creutzberg K. , Begni V. , Riva M.A. , Cirulli F. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionMaternal obesity may affect foetal programming representing a risk for adult mental health. Oxidative stress and inflammation associated with maternal obesity can alter the maturation of neuronal circuits affecting behaviour and mood.ObjectivesWe investigated the emotional phenotype of male and female mouse offspring born from a high-fat diet (HFD) fed dams. We also tested the efficacy of N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC – an antioxidant) in preventing the negative effects of HFD. We focused on adolescence, an age of main vulnerability for the onset of psychopathology.MethodsFemale C57BL/6N mice were fed HFD for 13 weeks and, after 5 weeks, were also exposed to NAC (1 g/kg b.w.) via drinking water, until delivery. The neurodevelopment of offspring was assessed through the homing test. Emotionality was assessed in 35-45-day-old adolescent mice through elevated-plus-maze (EPM) and social interaction tests (SIT). Transcriptomic analysis of hippocampal tissue were performed to identify mechanisms of action of both HFD and NAC.ResultsNAC was effective in moderating body weight gain in HFD-fed dams. Neither HFD or NAC affected offspring development. Regardless of sex, prenatal HFD reduced exploration and decreased sociability, in EPM and SIT respectively. Prenatal HFD decreased hippocampal levels of BDNF in female offspring. Prenatal NAC administration prevented social anxiety and restored BDNF levels in the HFD group.ConclusionsData indicate long-term effects of maternal obesity on dams’ weight, offspring’s behaviour and hippocampal BDNF levels. These effects may be mediated by changes in oxidative stress as NAC was effective as a preventive agent. ERANET-NEURON-JTC 2018 (Mental Disorders) Project “EMBED”.
Emotional intelligence as a factor in the efficient self-regulation of functional states under work strain
Authors: Zlokazova T. , Kuznetsova A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionSelf-regulation of emotions is viewed as one of the key skills in various socionomic professions (Kuznetsova & Titova, 2016; Spencer & Spencer, 2008), including psychology. Emotional intelligence (EI) can be seen as a vital competence for counseling psychologists, as well as a factor in an efficient human functional state’s (HFS) self-regulation under stressful work conditions.ObjectivesThis study aims to assess the EI level in psychologists involved in a long-term relief programme for people affected by an industrial accident, and to reveal interrelations between EI and the efficiency of acquisition of new self-regulation skills.MethodsThe training course was designed for psychologists (n=15) in order to develop new stress-management counseling skills. It included: progressive relaxation, ideomotor and visualization exercises; autogenic formulae. Data were obtained from HFS evaluation questionnaires (Leonova, Zlokazova, Kachina & Kuznetsova, 2013), and the EI inventory (Manoylova, 2004).ResultsThe mean EI level was high among the psychologists, although there were variations. Data confirmed rapid progress in the acquisition of self-regulation skills, and demonstrated a prolonged effect of stress (p=0,052) and fatigue (p<0,001) reduction (Friedman’s test). The EI level showed correlations (Spearman’s test) with HFS measures: by the end of the course psychologists with a higher EI reported higher psychological comfort (p<0,05) and lower acute fatigue (p<0,01) after relaxation exercises.ConclusionsAlthough the sample size was small, the data, obtained from described above unique group of counseling psychologists, helped reveal the link between EI and efficient HFS self-regulation.