bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG avidity and their relationship with immunoglobulins (IgG and IgM) levels for primary cytomegalovirus diagnosis
Authors: Mohammad Noor J. , Al-Hmudi Hayder A. , Al. Salait Sadeq K. 
Published: May 2022

In seropositive patients, HCMV disease may occur either by reactivation of a pre-existing strain or by reinfection with a new one. This study aims to assessment of HCMV antibody titers to determine the immune status and the extent to which patients are at risk of infection and measurement of antibody avidity to HCMV and its comparison with molecular diagnosis. The total IgG and IgM using nephlometry technique were measurement. The IgG levels (Mean ± SD) of control group (804.0384±173.789) showed highly significant differences (P< 0.000) among studied groups, and had elevated mean values in comparison with KD and HD patients. Also, IgM levels (Mean ± SD) showed significantly decreased (P< 0.000) in KT patients (20.685±4.787) and HD patients (21.751±6.026) in comparison with healthy control group (129.4503±35.3807). Anti-HCMV IgM, anti-HCMV IgG and anti-HCMV IgG avidity were measured using a method elctro-chemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) by using cobas e411 device. A study conducted on HCMV IgM antibodies showed that there were a percentage of 4(16.66%) among the recent infections and a percentage of 3(12.5%) among cases of intermediate HCMV infection in KT group only, while the rest of the groups (17, 70.84%) did not show any recent infections with HCMV.
The Japanese Roboticist Masahiro Mori’s Buddhist Inspired Concept of “The Uncanny Valley” (Bukimi no Tani Genshō, 不気味の谷現象)
Authors: Borody W.A 
Published: May 2022

In 1970, the Japanese roboticist and practicing Buddhist Masahiro Mori wrote a short essay entitled “On the Uncanny Valley” for the journal Energy (Enerugi, 7/4, 33–35). Since the publication of this two-page essay, Mori’s concept of the Uncanny Valley has become part and parcel of the discourse within the fields of humanoid robotics engineering, the film industry, culture studies, and philosophy, most notably the philosophy of transhumanism. In this paper, the concept of the Uncanny Valley is discussed in terms of the contemporary Japanese cultural milieu relating to humanoid robot technology, and the on-going roboticization of human culture. For Masahiro Mori, who is also the author of The Buddha in the Robot (1981), the same compassion that we ought to offer to all living beings, and Being itself, we ought to offer to humanoid robots, which are also dimensions of the Buddha-nature of Compassion.
Technology, Unemployment & Policy Options
Authors: Marchant Gary E. , Stevens Yvonne A. , Hennessy James M. 
Published: May 2022

There is growing concern that emerging technologies such as computers, robotics and artificial intelligence are displacing human jobs, creating an epidemic of “technological unemployment.” While this projection has yet to be confirmed, if true it will have major economic and social repercussions for our future. It is therefore appropriate to begin identifying policy options to address this potential problem. This article offers an economic and social framework for addressing this problem, and then provides an inventory of possible policy options organized into the following six categories:(a) slowing innovation and change; (b) sharing work; (c) making new work; (d) redistribution; (e) education; and (f) fostering a new social contract.
Moral Enhancement and Political Realism
Authors: De Araujo Marcelo 
Published: May 2022

The possibility of morally enhancing the behavior of individuals by means of drugs and genetic engineering has been the object of intense philosophical discussion over the last few years. However, although moral enhancement may turn out to be useful to promote cooperation in some areas of human interaction, it will not promote cooperation in the domain of international relations in those areas that are critical to state security. Unlike some moral enhancement theorists, I argue that, because of the structure of the system of states, moral enhancement cannot be used to avert such major threats to humankind as terrorism and nuclear conflict. My analysis of the political implications of moral enhancement is pursued through a critical discussion of two different versions of political realism, namely human nature realism and structural realism. I conclude that, as far as major threats to the survival of humankind are concerned, moral enhancement can at most be used as a means to change the present structure of the system of states.
Introduction: The Struggle for NonHuman Personhood
Authors: Dvorsky George 
Published: May 2022

It's been nearly four decades since Peter Singer published Animal Liberation, the book that effectively kickstarted the modern animal rights movement. But as the public's awareness of the plight of animals has spread, and as advocacy groups have emerged in virtually all parts of the world, the reality is that very little has changed in terms of how we treat nonhuman animals and the status we afford to them. We continue to use them in our medical experiments and at increasing rates; new technologies threaten to make the situation worse, with some scientists openly advocating for the creation of genetically engineered monkeys with psychological disorders, such as schizophrenia. Animals continue to work for our pleasure, whether it be at circuses, zoos or marine parks. And the conditions under which they're forced to live in factory farms is beyond deplorable.
Editorial: Seven Years and Counting
Authors: Blackford Russell 
Published: May 2022

In January 2008, I was honored to be appointed as editor-in-chief of The Journal of Evolution and Technology. In December of that year, we published an editorial in which I set out some reflections on JET’s illustrious past and my vision for its future. Seven years later, I am still in the editorial chair, and I’m pleased with what we’ve been able to accomplish so far.
The Stoic Sage 3.0
Authors: Sorgner Stefan Lorenz 
Published: May 2022

I propose to show that any direct moral bioenhancement procedures that could be realized within a relatively short period of time are not realistic options. This does not have to worry us, however, because alternative options for promoting morality are available. Consequently, moral bioenhancement is not an option for dealing successfully with the increased potential destructiveness of contemporary technologies within a short-term framework, i.e. within this century. In what follows, I will explain why this is the case, and why, contrary to Ingmar Persson and Julian Savulescu, I think this need not worry us too much. In section 1., I will critically analyze moral bioenhancement by means of citalopram, aimed at reducing the tendency to harm others directly. I give this prominence because it could be a practical option for altering human emotions and dispositions – to my mind, it seems the most promising practical option in this field. In later sections, I will consider other means of realizing moral bioenhancement, since the first option does not do the job it is supposed to, and because Persson and Savulescu are concerned with alternative approaches.
Embodiment in Whole-Brain Emulation and its Implications for Death Anxiety
Authors: Linssen Charl , Lemmens Pieter 
Published: May 2022

The awareness of death is a central motivating force behind human activity. Their capacities for abstract and symbolic reasoning give human beings a unique foresight of their finite lifetime and forthcoming demise. Because of the overwhelming nature of this realization, we try to cope with the ensuing anxieties by means of various cognitive and existential strategies. One such strategy is to create a meaningful legacy during one’s lifetime that will outlive the single individual. Whole-brain emulation (WBE) is another approach, but is unusual because of its literal promise to abolish death. Starting from the premise that WBE is feasible and will advance to such a level that we can speak of uploaded minds, we explore the implications of an allegedly immortal existence in a computational substrate: for our embodiment in the first place, and for death anxiety in the second. We argue that uploading would change the nature of, but could ultimately never abolish, embodiment. Instead, the defining characteristic of all brains are their vital links to the bodies that contain them and their interactions with the environment that are mediated by the body. In this light, we discuss the limits of WBE’s potential to mitigate death anxieties: limits related to the (objective) probability of ceasing to exist, but also those that stem from the perception of the body as a proxy for death.
The Transhumanist Philosophy of Charles Sanders Peirce
Authors: Wilson Aaron B. , Brunson Daniel J. 
Published: May 2022

We explain how the work of Charles Sanders Peirce (1839–1914) – the founder of semiotics and of the pragmatist tradition in philosophy – contributes an epistemological, metaphysical, and ethical foundation to some key transhumanist ideas, including the following claims: technological cognitive enhancement is not only possible but a present reality; pursuing more sweeping cognitive enhancements is epistemically rational; and current humans should try to evolve themselves into posthumans. On Peirce’s view, the fundamental aim of inquiry is truth, understood in terms of a stage of ideal cognition (what he calls the “final opinion”). As current human cognitive abilities are insufficient to achieve this stage, Peirce’s views on cognition support a variety of ways in which they might be enhanced. Finally, we argue that what Peirce describes as our ethical summum bonum seems remarkably similar to what Bostrom (2005) argues to be the core transhumanist value: “the exploration of the posthuman realm.”
Combined Infiltrative Macroscopic Growth Pattern and Infiltrative Microscopic Tumor Border Status Is a Novel Surrogate Marker of Poor Prognosis in Patients With Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor
Authors: Ahn Bokyung , Kim Joo Young , Hong Seung-Mo 
Published: May 2022

Context.—
Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) are heterogeneous tumors with a wide range of malignant potential. Therefore, identification of prognostic factors is essential.

Objective.—
To systematically assess the significance of tumor border, a well-known prognostic indicator in other cancers, in PanNETs.

Design.—
We evaluated the macroscopic growth pattern (expansile [Exp] versus infiltrative [Inf]) and the microscopic tumor border (pushing [Pus] versus Inf) of 203 surgically resected PanNETs and compared them with other clinicopathologic factors.

Results.—
Based on macroscopic growth pattern, 83 cases had Exp patterns whereas 84 had Inf patterns. According to microscopic tumor border, 122 PanNETs had Pus borders whereas 81 had Inf borders. Combining macroscopic growth pattern and microscopic tumor border, 65 PanNETs had Exp/Pus, 34 had Inf/Pus, 18 had Exp/Inf, and 50 had Inf/Inf status. PanNETs with Inf/Inf status were associated with higher tumor grade, pT classification, and American Joint Committee on Cancer stage grouping; lymph node metastasis; and lymphovascular and perineural invasions (all P &lt; .001). Patients with PanNET having Inf/Inf status had significantly shorter overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS; all P &lt; .001). Further, using multivariate analysis, Inf/Inf status was identified as an independent poor prognostic factor of OS (P = .02) and RFS (P = .03).

Conclusions.—
In summary, combined Inf/Inf status was observed in approximately 25% of PanNETs and was associated with aggressive biological behavior and short OS and RFS. Therefore, assessing combined macroscopic growth pattern and microscopic tumor border can provide additional information regarding survival and recurrence in PanNET patients.
Memorial técnico de criação de luz para o espetáculo de dança ENTRE
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Marçal de Souza e 
Published: May 2022

Espetáculo de dança estreado em março de 2012 pela MIMULUS Cia de Dança, localizada na cidade de Belo Horizonte no estado de Minas Gerais. http://mimulus.com.br/espetaculo-entre-mimulus-cia-de-danca/
Reconsideración de la herencia en Ernst Bloch
Authors: Salmerón Infante Miguel 
Published: May 2022

Ernst Bloch's work reflects on the revolution and the need to take advantage of cultural legacy content with an emancipatory sense. In Heritage of our times, written during the period of the Weimar Republic, the author places special emphasis on three aspects of cultural heritage to reconsider. Namely: the genuine concept of the Third Reich, the epic theater of Brecht and expressionism.
This article examines the three mentioned aspects of reconsideration of heritage by Bloch.
La obra de Ernst Bloch reflexiona sobre la revolución y la necesidad de aprovechar contenidos del legado cultural emancipadoramente. En Herencia de esta época, texto escrito durante el periodo de la República de Weimar, el autor incide en tres aspectos de la herencia cultural a reconsiderar. A saber: el concepto genuino de Tercer Reich, el teatro épico de Brecht y el expresionismo. Este artículo examina los tres citados focos de reconsideración del concepto de herencia por parte de Bloch.
La obra de Ernst Bloch reflexiona en torno a la revolución y a la necesidad de aprovechar contenidos del legado cultural con un sentido emancipador. En Herencia de esta época, escrito llevado a cabo durante el periodo de la República de Weimar, el autor hace especial hincapié en tres aspectos de la herencia cultural a reconsiderar. A saber: el concepto genuino de Tercer Reich, el teatro épico de Brecht y el expresionismo.
Este artículo examina los tres citados focos de reconsideración de la herencia por parte de Bloch.
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of fibrillin (FBN) gene family in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: Sun Huiru , Ren Min , Zhang Jianing 
Published: May 2022

Background
Fibrillin (FBN) proteins are widely distributed in the photosynthetic organs. The members of FBN gene family play important roles in plant growth and development, and response to hormone and stresses. Tomato is a vegetable crop with significantly economic value and model plant commonly used in research. However, the FBN family has not been systematical studied in tomato.

Methods
In this study, 14 FBN genes were identified in tomato genome by Pfam and Hmmer 3.0 software. ExPASy, MEGA 6.0, MEME, GSDS, TBtools, PlantCARE and so on were used for physical and chemical properties analysis, phylogenetic analysis, gene structure and conserved motifs analysis, collinearity analysis and cis-acting element analysis of FBN family genes in tomato. Expression characteristics of SlFBNs in different tissues, fruit shape near isogenic lines (NILs), Pst DC3000 and ABA treatments were analyzed based on transcriptome data and quantitative Real-time qPCR (qRT-PCR) analysis.

Results
The SlFBN family was divided into 11 subgroups. There were 8 FBN homologous gene pairs between tomato and Arabidopsis. All the members of SlFBN family contained PAP conserved domain, but their gene structure and conserved motifs showed apparent differences. The cis-acting elements of light and hormone (especially ethylene, methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and abscisic acid (ABA)) were widely distributed in the SlFBN promoter regions. The expression analysis found that most of SlFBNs were predominantly expressed in leaves of Heinz and S. pimpinellifolium LA1589, and showed higher expressions in mature or senescent leaves than in young leaves. Expression analysis of different tissues and fruit shape NILs indicated SlFBN1, SlFBN2b and SlFBN7a might play important roles during tomato fruit differentiation. All of the SlFBNs responded to Pst DC3000 and ABA treatments. The results of this study contribute to exploring the functions and molecular mechanisms of SlFBNs in leaf development, fruit differentiation, stress and hormone responses.
Demographic and dietary responses of small mammals to high severity fire
Authors: Dickman Christopher R. , Happold David C. D. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Populations of many animal species decline after fire, with some individuals killed during the fire and others succumbing to impoverished conditions in the post-fire environment. For individuals that survive a fire, an ability to exploit scarce resources in the burnt landscape is particularly important. In this study, we compared the numbers, survival and diets of three species of small mammal at two sites in tall open-forest in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. The first site was subjected to a high severity experimental fire in February 1980, while the second nearby site was unburnt and served as a control. Relative numbers and survival of the Agile Antechinus (Antechinus agilis) and Mainland Dusky Antechinus (A. mimetes) declined post-fire and remained lower than in the control site until spring 1980 when populations at both sites crashed following the post-mating death of males. These patterns reversed for A. mimetes in 1981 and 1982 and for A. agilis in 1982, with numbers and survival then being higher in the burnt than in the control site. Relative numbers of the Bush Rat (Rattus fuscipes) increased in a similar manner in both sites until the end of the study after 29 months, and monthly survival remained high throughout. The diets of the three species were similar between the control and burnt site before the fire. In the four months post-fire the diets of the two Antechinus species in the burnt site contained fewer ground-dwelling invertebrates compared with the control, whereas the dietary diversity of R. fuscipes in the burnt site increased due to increased consumption of food groups such as grasses and ferns that otherwise were seldom eaten. The dietary diversity of all species was similar between the two sites 12–16 months post-fire. The results suggest that the fire had short-term effects on the two species of Antechinus, most likely by depleting populations of their prey, while the demography of R. fuscipes was scarcely affected by fire owing to its ability to switch food groups within its already omnivorous diet. Dietary flexibility may be an important but often overlooked mechanism facilitating species’ persistence in post-fire environments.
Annexin A2 versus Alpha-Fetoprotein in Diagnosing Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Diagnostic Meta-Analysis
Authors: Thokerunga Erick , Ahmed Abdullahi Omar , Rogious Mbasani 
Published: May 2022

Background: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) remains widely used for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) despite its low sensitivity and specificity. Recently, Annexin A2, a highly expressed protein in HCC and almost undetectable in normal liver cells has been studied as a potential alternative.
Objective: To synthesize evidence for the diagnostic accuracy of annexin A2 as an alternative to AFP in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Methods: PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (chkd-cnki) databases were searched without time constraints up to 2022. Meta-analysis was conducted using Meta-Disc software.
Results: 6 studies were meta-analyzed. The pooled sensitivity and specificity for Annexin A2 were 84% [95% CI :( 80 – 87)], and 78% [95% CI :( 71 – 84)] respectively, while AFP was 70% [95% CI :( 66 – 74)] and 79% [95% CI :( 72 – 85)] respectively. The pooled diagnostic odds ratio was 20.35 [95% CI :( 9.76 – 42.42)] for Annexin A2, and 9.71 [95% CI :( 5.27 – 17.88)] for AFP. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.88 for Annexin A2 and 0.82 for AFP.
Conclusions: Annexin A2 is significantly more sensitive than AFP for HCC diagnosis but less specific. A combination of Annexin A2 and AFP could improve accuracy.
Academic Interest and Self-esteem as Correlates of Secondary School Students’ Academic Achievement in English Language in Nigeria
Authors: A. Akuezuilo, J. , U. Mbachu, C. , I. Akunne, L. 
Published: May 2022

Aims: This study examined academic interest and self-esteem as correlates of secondary school students’ academic achievement in English language in Nigeria.
Study Design: Correlational survey
Place and Duration of Study: Anambra State, Nigeria, conducted between December 2021 and March 2022.
Method: The accessible population for this study comprises 18,297 senior secondary school two SS2 students from 261 secondary schools situated in the six education zones in Anambra state, the sampling technique adopted was the proportionate stratified random sampling technique. This was use to select 2,160 SS 2 students. The instruments adopted for data collection are: students’ academic interest scale, self-esteem scale and students’ academic achievement scores in English language. Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression Analysis were statistical tools adopted for data analysis.
Results: Table 1, 2 and 3 revealed a moderate positive relationship between secondary school students’ academic interest, self-esteem jointly with their academic achievement in English language. Similarly, hypothesis in Table 4, 5 and 6 reports that at 0.05 level of significance and 2158df, the t-test statistic value 15.95 with a Pvalue of 0.00 is less than 0.05, hence the second hypotheses is rejected. This implies that the relationship existing between self-esteem and academic achievement of secondary school students in English language in Anambra State is significant. Furthermore, at 0.05 level of significance 3df numerator and 2045df denominator, the F statistics value 314.12, with Pvalue of 0.00 is less than 0.05, the third null hypothesis is rejected. This goes to show that the relationship existing among secondary school students’ academic interest and self-esteem jointly with academic achievement in English language is significant.
Conclusion: This study concludes that the joint relationship existing among academic interest, self-esteem jointly with the academic achievement of secondary school students in English language was reported to be moderate and also positive. This implies that the coefficient was close to 1.00 (perfect relationship). Justifying this, it could be likened to the fact that students only spend 45 to 90 minutes per day in school with each teacher, so it is nearly impossible for them to unconsciously transmit all of the knowledge they need to get to them within that time frame. So therefore, there is need for parents as well to fulfil their first job, which is to be a teacher to their children. In the same vein, the relationship existing among secondary school students’ academic interest and self-esteem jointly with academic achievement in English language is statistically significant.
Varicella-Zoster Meningoencephalitis in a Patient Exposed to HIV/AIDS: A Case Report
Authors: Santos Michele Paula Dos , Soares Carolina Boeira , Giacomet Livia , Loro Leonardo Bongiovani , Gomes Luane Pereira , Maman Raquel Silveira de , Lima Barbara Adelmann De , Merten Fernanda Bercht , Costa Bartira Ercilia Pinheiro Da , Baron Miriam Viviane 
Published: May 2022

Aims: To report an unusual case of herpes zoster meningoencephalitis in an immunocompetent patient exposed to HIV/AIDS.
Presentation of Case: The present report deals with an immunocompetent patient who was diagnosed with meningoencephalitis caused by Herpes Zoster, an opportunistic infection that presented complications.
Discussion: Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a pathogenic human herpes virus that causes chickenpox as a primary infection, after which it becomes latent in the peripheral ganglia. Later, the virus can be reactivated spontaneously or after a series of triggers to cause herpes zoster. Chickenpox and its complications are more severe in immunosuppressed patients.
Conclusion: An unusual case of varicella-zoster meningoencephalitis in an immunocompetent patient that deserves to be shared with colleagues.