bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of Civil Aviation Communication Network in Yemen: Study, Analysis and Processing
Authors: عقبة محمد علي , أسعد عبدالرقيب عبده 
Published: June 2022

Civil Aviation Communication Network in YEMEN suffers from various problems which have negative effects on Air Traffic. As the air traffic grows, the ability to accommodate these traffic fails. This may lead to hazardous consequences. In order to enhance the quality and performance of the available network, three studies were performed. Unfortunately none of these studies was flexible enough to encounter the on-going growth of air traffic. Those studies focused on a detailed analysis of the Communication Network that included all point and air routes. The results of those studies led the researcher to find out some solutions to overcome the problems that this network is facing and enhance the performance of ground to air communication though all areas across the air space owned by Republic of Yemen. One of the solutions offered is to redistribute the available ground stations (GS). Another solution is to create new ground station in Al-Mukalla. Moreover, the researcher used simulation program (Radio Propagation and Virtual Mapping) to study all stages that Civil Aviation Communication Network have gone though. The result of this study emphasized on modifying flight levels and air routes in some points to levels higher than (FL280). Consequently, flight level (FL510) was applied to the eastern regions and the level (FL400) to part of the northern region across the borders between Yemen and Saudi Arabia.
Keywords: Communications network, Civil aviation communications systems, Flight levels, Air routes.
Sustainability of Complexes and Residential Buildings in the Architecture of Sana`a Old City and Use it in Contemporary Architecture
Authors: AlShawesh Samira Saleh Hussein 
Published: June 2022

على الرغم من تنوع وتباين مناخ اليمن والذي ينقسم إلى عدة أقاليم مناخية تشمل: المناخ الحار (الجاف والرطب)، المناخ المعتدل شبه الجاف، المناخ الصحراوي الجاف وشبه الصحراوي، إلا أن معظم عمارة المدن اليمنية التقليدية قد ساهمت إلى حد كبير في تلبية متطلبات ساكنيها وتكيفت مع بيئتها الطبيعية المحيطة. ولقد حافظت اليمن إلى حد كبير على تراثها التقليدي وعمارتها العضوية المتفردة المعتمدة على المواد المحلية المتاحة والمتلائمة مع المناخ والمحققة لراحة ساكنيها والمساهمة في إدارة استخدام المياه وتدوير مخلفاتها. وتعتبر مدينة صنعاء القديمة مثالاً حياً لإحدى أهم المدن اليمنية التقليدية والتي تتميز بطابع معماري متفرد. ويهدف البحث إلى تقييم مقومات تحقيق الاستدامة في التجمعات والمباني السكنية بمدينة صنعاء القديمة والتي تتميز ببيئة جبلية ومناخ معتدل شبه جاف أغلب شهور العام وشتاء بارد، وقد أدى هذا إلى ظهور طابع معماري خاص بمدينة صنعاء القديمة حاولت من خلاله تحقيق مقومات الاستدامة في الجانب العمراني والمعماري. ولتحقيق هدف البحث سيتم عرض وتحليل تطبيقات الاستدامة المختلفة التي تم تبنيها في مدينة صنعاء من حيث مراعاتها لظروفها المناخية وبيئتها المحيطة، وكيف استطاعت أن تلبي متطلبات ساكنيها وتحقق راحتهم. ويتناول البحث النسيج العمراني للمدينة والمعالجات المعمارية المختلفة التي تم استخدامها في التجمعات والمباني السكنية على وجه الخصوص، وموضحاً بعض سبل الاستفادة الممكنة في العمارة اليمنية الحديثة عن طريق تبني وتطوير طرق تحقيق مقومات الاستدامة المستخدمة في التجمعات والمباني السكنية في عمارة مدينة صنعاء التقليدية.
الكلمات المفتاحية: مقومات الاستدامة، التجمعات والمباني السكنية، العمارة التقليدية، مدينة صنعاء القديمة، العناصر المعمارية، العمارة الحديثة.
Behavior of Rubberized Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tube Under Axial Loading
Authors: Al-Shwaiter Abdullah , Al-Gaboby Ziyad 
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the behavior of rubberized concrete-filled steel tube (RuCFST)analytically by using ABAQUS 6.12-1 software for square columns under axial loading. Twelve specimens modeled with various variables which are rubber content as replacement percentage from natural aggregate (0%, 5% and 15%), tube thickness (3mm and 6mm) and columns’ length (1.5m and 3.0m). The results showed an adoption model of RuCFST columns subjected to axial force in elastic and plastic properties of steel and concrete gives a good agreement between numerical and references experimental results. Also, the results showed a reduction in column capacity with increasing rubber content. In contrast, the results showed an increase in the columns’ compression capacity with increasing the thickness from 3 to 6mm. In addition, columns’ lengths have no significant effect on compression capacity, although the corresponding shortening increased with increase column’s length.
Keywords: Rubberized concrete, Infilled steel tube, Finite element, Axial loading and ABAQUS.
Study and Analysis of an Electrical Energy Saving Strategies and Gas Emissions Reduction for a Private Hospital Building in Yemen
Authors: عبد الجليل علي العبيدي  
Published: June 2022

Hospital buildings consume high energy more than other buildings in the commercial buildings sector as there is a continuous demand for power supplies. Energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced in the buildings sector by using various energy saving methods. In this study, on-sight visiting for energy audit has been conducted at a private hospital in Sana’a - Yemen to record all data relevant to energy consumption by equipment, machines, and all other mechanical systems. Different energy saving scenarios were using to estimate the potential of energy saving such as using high-efficiency lighting devices, raising the thermostat set point temperature for air conditioners, using high-efficiency motors (HEM) with a different load ratio, and using variable speed motors (VSM). Results indicated that energy consumption for the hospital was 4,061.8 Megawatthourper year whereas energy intensity was 232 kWh/m2. It is found that about 150.32 megawatt-hours of annual energy saving is achieved by using HEM and 689.72 Megawatt-hour per year by raising the set point of air conditioners thermostat to 26 °C. In addition, 1513 megawatt-hours per year of energy can be saved by reducing the VSM speed to 60% whereas95.8 megawatt-hours per year is estimated by adopting 100% load of HEM. The economic study of energy saving strategies was found that the use of HEM is not economically viable, while the use of VSM with large capacity motors is better from economic and environmental points of view.
Keywords: Hospital building, energy consumption, Energy index, Energy saving, Emission reduction
Str Locus Mutations In Paternity Case
Authors: Youngest Racy , Saamia Vira , Oktaviani Dwi Ana , Aritonang Setia Betaria , Wiranatha I Made , Rofiq Irfan 
Published: June 2022

DNA analysis is widely applied in solving forensic cases, especially Short Tandem Repat (STR) because of its advantages. In identifying the individual, the National Police compared the individual's DNA with that of his parents. Each anal has a pair of DNA fragments of which half are inherited by the father and the remainder by the mother according to Mendel's Law of Segregation. In this study, we compared DNA typing between the child and the mother with the help of PCR extracted by the Chelex method to find the mother fragment and obtain the father fragment. A child is the biological child of the alleged father if he or she has less than 2 exclusion STR loci. The results of this study revealed that all paternal fragments from the child were identical to the DNA fragments of the alleged father, except for one locus, namely CSF1PO which had a mutation. Mutations in the STR locus lower the paternity index, although it can still be concluded that the child is the biological child of the alleged father.

Keywords: Paternity Test, DNA, STR, Mutation
SUPERIMPOSED ALLOGENIC AND BIOLOGICAL CONTROLS ON SILICICLASTIC ARCHITECTURE: AN EARLY MISSISSIPPIAN (VISEAN) EXAMPLE FROM TROPICAL LAURUSSIA
Authors: MCMAHON WILLIAM J. , PIERIK HARM JAN , SHILLITO ANTHONY P. , SALESE FRANCESCO , VAN DER KWAAK BART , PARSONS DANIEL R. , KLEINHANS MAARTEN. G. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
The sedimentary-stratigraphic record is regularly considered only in the context of regional climate, tectonic configuration, and sea-level. In this study we provide examples of how biotically influenced autogenic processes may come to be overprinted on these extrinsic, allogenic controls. A sedimentological analysis is given for the Mississippian (Visean) siliciclastic strata which crop out in counties Donegal and Mayo in NW Ireland. Eleven sedimentary facies record deposition of dominantly clastic and humic organic sediments which accumulated in alluvial, fluvial, estuarine, and fully marine environments. The preserved architecture of the sedimentary deposits is shown to be dependent on local autogenic dynamics, processes that were in turn modified or entirely controlled by biota (“biosphere signatures”). Sedimentological criteria, specifically the type and distribution of preserved biosphere signatures, suggests deposition occurred in a dominantly wet, humid environment in keeping with Laurussia's proposed equatorial position but potentially at odds with previous suggestions of seasonal aridity. The humid climate and resultant perennially active water conduits facilitated the widespread preservation of inclined heterolithic stratification (IHS). Allogenic and autogenic processes are ultimately linked, with external factors such as sea-level, tectonics, and climate all impacting the spatial distribution, abundance and prevailing forms of biota. The flooding of the Laurussian continent is accompanied by a shift from plant-induced to animal-induced biosphere signatures basinwards of the estuary funnel. In this way, the interplay between allogenic and autogenic processes is recorded at sedimentary outcrop through the capacity of extrinsic forcings to influence the rates and locations of intrinsic life-sediment interactions.
WOOD JAMS OR BEAVER DAMS? PLIOCENE LIFE, SEDIMENT AND LANDSCAPE INTERACTIONS IN THE CANADIAN HIGH ARCTIC
Authors: DAVIES NEIL S. , GOSSE JOHN C. , ROUILLARD ALEXANDRA , RYBCZYNSKI NATALIA , MENG JIN , REYES ALBERTO V. , KIGUKTAK JARLOO 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTDuring the mid-Pliocene (Zanclean, ca. ∼ 3.9 Ma), parts of the Canadian High Arctic experienced mean annual temperatures that were 14–22°C warmer than today and supported diverse boreal-type forests. The landscapes of this vegetated polar region left behind a fragmented sedimentary record that crops out across several islands in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago as the Beaufort Formation and correlative strata. Paleoecological information from these strata provides a high-fidelity window onto Pliocene environments, and prominent fossil sites yield unparalleled insights into Cenozoic mammal evolution. Significantly, many of the strata reveal evidence for life-sediment interactions in a warm-climate Arctic, most notably in the form of extensive woody debris and phytoclast deposits. This paper presents original field data that refines the sedimentological context of plant debris accumulations from the anactualistic High Arctic forests, most notably at the ‘Fyles Leaf Beds' and ‘Beaver Pond' fossil-bearing sites in the ‘high terrace deposits' of central Ellesmere Island. The former is a remarkably well-preserved, leaf-rich deposit that is part of a complex of facies associations representing lacustrine, fluvio-deltaic and mire deposition above a paleotopographic unconformity. The latter yields tooth-marked woody debris within a peat layer that also contains a rich assemblage of vertebrate and plant fossils including abundant remains from the extinct beaver-group Dipoides. Here we present sedimentological data that provide circumstantial evidence that the woody debris deposit at Beaver Pond could record dam-building in the genus, by comparing the facies motif with new data from known Holocene beaver dam facies in England. Across the Pliocene of the High Arctic region, woody debris accumulations are shown to represent an array of biosedimentary deposits and landforms including mires, driftcretions, woody bedforms, and possible beaver dams, which help to contextualize mammal fossil sites, provide facies models for high-latitude forests, and reveal interactions between life and sedimentation in a vanished world that may be an analogue to that of the near-future.
LARGE WOODY DEBRIS ACCUMULATIONS IN THE LATE PENNSYLVANIAN TROPICS—EVOLUTIONARY SIGNAL OR TECTONO-CLIMATIC ARCHIVE?
Authors: TRÜMPER STEFFEN , MENCL VÁCLAV , OPLUŠTIL STANISLAV , NIEMIROWSKA SANDRA , RÖßLER RONNY 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTBy colonizing drylands, plants fundamentally changed continental deposition and, thus, intensified the interaction between life and sediments. Fossil large woody debris in epiclastic strata is a key archive of this environmental turnover, although its interpretation remains challenging due to taphonomic biases. We review voluminous fluvial red-bed successions with sizeable silicified trunks that characterize Middle Pennsylvanian–lower Permian strata of east-central Europe. The stratigraphic occurrence, petrography, architecture of the deposits, and the preservation and nature of the fossil wood are discussed in the context of the tectono-climatic and vegetational evolution of the central-Pangean low latitudes. The log-bearing successions are assigned to five distinct, regionally traceable stratigraphic levels between the middle Moscovian and early Asselian. Up to 20 m long, mostly decorticated trunk fragments occur isolated in more or less feldspathic channel deposits, the architectures and dimensions of which point to large-scale river systems with highly variable discharge. Wood anatomy and floodplain adpression-fossils show that the trunks were derived from cordaitaleans, conifers, and arborescent sphenopsids in more diverse, gymnosperm-dominated dryland floras. The fossil record is biased towards successions formed in large-catchment river systems and, thus, does not accurately document the genuine nature of plant-distribution patterns. Rather, the strata show that large woody debris preservation depended on fluvial style and hydrological regime, hence turning the woody deposits into climate archives. The strata elucidate the climate development in equatorial Pangea, paralleling the acme of the Late Paleozoic Ice Age.
Evaluation of the results of pansharpening multispectral images
Authors: Golub Y. I. 
Published: June 2022

When processing digital images obtained by remote sensing of the Earth, various methods are used to increase their resolution. However, in this case, some distortions of a different nature may appear on the images. For example, luminance distortion (color, contrast, sharpness) and geometric (object boundary deformations). Developers of automated image processing systems face the task of choosing from dozens of methods the one that introduces the least visually noticeable distortions, i.e. creates images of the best quality.In this article, the following problem was solved: to determine the functions for assessing the quality of images formed as a result of multispectral satellite image pansharpening. The pansharped image cannot be compared with the template one, since it does not exist. To assess quality of such images, we proposed to use the so-called no-reference evaluation measures.The article briefly describes methods for synthesizing a new high-resolution color image from four images of Earth remote sensing. Functions for calculating quantitative estimates of the quality of the resulting images are discussed. Results of some space image pansharpening by different methods are presented. Graphs of these assessments of image quality are constructed. To evaluate panchromatic fusion results, the following non-reference quality scores are recommended: FISH, LOCC, LOEN, NATU, SHAR, and WAVS. The clearest boundaries and natural colors of objects were demonstrated by the P+XS pansharpening algorithm based on a linear combination of spectral channels.
One-Year Retention of Gait Speed Improvement in Stroke Survivors After Treatment with a Wearable Home-Use Gait Device
Authors: Darcy Brianne , Rashford Lauren , Tsai Nancey T. , Huizenga David , Reed Kyle B. , Bamberg Stacy J.M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A majority of stroke survivors experience gait impairments, some of which persist into the chronic phase of stroke. Treatment with the iStrideTM gait device has been shown to improve symmetry, gait speed, and functional balance for chronic stroke survivors with hemiparetic gait impairments. In this study, we examine the long-term gait speed changes up to twelve months after treatment with the gait device. Eighteen individuals (mean 56.7 years, range 44-77 years) at least one-year post-stroke (mean 59.7 months, range 13-308 months) participated in this single group, before-after study with multiple follow-ups. Participants completed approximately 12, 30-minute treatment sessions with the gait device in their home environment. Gait speed was measured using the Ten-Meter Walk Test at a comfortable pace at baseline and five follow-up sessions after the treatment period: one week, one month, three months, six months, and twelve months. Gait speed changes were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA from baseline to each follow-up time frame, comparison to the minimal clinically important difference threshold, evaluation of gait speed classification changes, and subjective questionnaires. Results showed that participants retained more than a 0.21 m/s gait speed improvement compared to baseline at all post-treatment time frames, p<0.01. Additionally, 94% of participants improved their gait speed beyond the minimally clinically important difference during one or more post-treatment measurements, and 88% of participants subjectively reported a gait speed improvement. These study findings indicate that treatment with the gait device may result in meaningful, long-term gait speed improvement for chronic stroke survivors with hemiparetic gait impairments.
Topographic factors drive natural understory revegetation in burned areas
Authors: He Zhixue , Wang Lei , luo jun , Zhang Bin , Deng Qingchun , Liu Hui , Yang Haiqing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Fire is an important disturbance factor in forest ecosystems which has important influence on vegetation succession. To reveal the natural recovery characteristics of understory vegetation after subtropical forest fire and its response to topographic factors, typical subtropical forests were selected for our study area (Xide County, China). Based on quadrat surveys and correlation analyses, the main results of this study were as follows. (1) Within four months after a fire, 71 species, 52 genera, and 20 families gained, representing rapid recoveryafter a fire. (2) Different burning intensities had different effects on vegetation diversity restoration. the Margalef index was the most sensitive, increasing by 5.44 and 5.16 in lightly and severely burned areas respectively. (3) Elevation and slope were significantly correlated with the diversity and distribution characteristics of understory vegetation in burned area. This study is helpful to understand the characteristics of short-term natural recovery of sub-forest vegetation after small-scale fire in subtropical forests, and identify the relationships between revegetation and topographic factors in burned areas. Thereby providing a scientific basis for related ecological restoration.
Understanding the multilevel determinants of clinicians’ imaging decision-making: Setting the stage for de-implementation of low-value imaging
Authors: Hwang Soohyun , Birken Sarah A. , Nielsen Matthew E. , Elston-Lafata Jennifer , Wheeler Stephanie B. , Spees Lisa P. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: De-implementation requires understanding and targeting multilevel determinants of low-value care. The objective of this study was to identify multilevel determinants of imaging for prostate cancer (PCa) and asymptomatic microhematuria (AMH), two common urologic conditions that have contributed substantially to the approximately $30 billion spent annually on unnecessary imaging in the US. Methods: We used a convergent mixed-methods approach involving survey and interview data. Using a survey, we asked 33 clinicians (55% response rate) to indicate their imaging approach to 8 clinical vignettes designed to elicit responses that would demonstrate guideline-concordant/discordant imaging practices for patients with PCa or AMH. A subset of survey respondents (N=7) participated in semi-structured interviews guided by a combination of two frameworks that offered a comprehensive understanding of multilevel implementation determinants. We analyzed the interviews using a directed content analysis approach. We then identified themes to better understand the differences and similarities in the imaging determinants across the two clinical conditions. Results: Survey results showed that the majority of clinicians chose guideline-concordant imaging behaviors for PCa, guideline-concordant imaging intentions were more varied for AMH. Imaging decisions for both PCa and AMH were often driven by national guidelines from major professional societies. However, when clinicians felt that guidelines were inadequate, they reported that their decision-making was influenced by their knowledge of recent scientific evidence, past clinical experiences, and the anticipated benefits of imaging (or not imaging) to both the patient and the clinician. In particular, clinicians referred to patients’ anxiety and uncertainty which were, at times, resolved through more intensive diagnostic imaging. Patients’ clinical factors also informed clinicians’ imaging decisions. For AMH patients, clinicians additionally expressed concerns regarding legal liability risk. Conclusions: Our study identified comprehensive multilevel determinants of imaging to inform development of de-implementation interventions to reduce low-value imaging, which we found useful for identifying determinants of de-implementation. De-implementation interventions should be tailored to address the contextual determinants that are specific to each clinical condition.
Prevalence and characteristics of tarsal coalition in East Asians: what are the differences compared to Caucasians?
Authors: Park Jeong Jin , Seok Hyun Gyu , Woo In Ha , Park Chul Hyun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Previous studies have reported a prevalence of tarsal coalition of 1–13%. Calcaneonavicular coalition is known as main anatomical type, and the bilateral occurrence of tarsal coalition is known to be 50–60%. These are the results of studies on Caucasians, there have been few studies targeting large number of East Asians so far. We hypothesized that the prevalence and characteristics of tarsal coalition in East Asians might differ from those in Caucasians. The medical records of 839 patients who underwent bilateral computed tomography on foot and ankle in our hospital from January 2012 to April 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. The overall prevalence was 6.0%, talocalcaneal coalition was the most common anatomical type. The overall bilateral occurrence was 56.5%, talocalcaneal coalition had the highest bilateral occurrence (76.0%) among anatomical types. Isolated union of the posterior facet was the most common subtype of talocalcaneal coalition (43.2%). Talocalcaneal coalition had a significantly higher proportion of coalition-related symptomatic patients than calcaneonavicular coalition (p = 0.019). Our study showed a similar trend to other East Asian studies, confirming the existence of racial differences. The possibility of tarsal coalition in foot and ankle patients in East Asians should always be considered, and bilateral examination is essential for diagnosis.