bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Analysis of Left Ventricular Flow Dynamics in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy using vector flow mapping: Comparison with hypertensive LV hypertrophy
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Yueheng , Bai Hui , Gao Ze , Feng Wang , Liu Shanshan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and secondary hypertensive LV hypertrophy (H-LVH) differ in pathophysiology. However, the differences and mechanisms of their blood flow fields have not been well studied. This study aimed to assess energy loss (EL), circulation, vortex area, vorticity and intraventricular velocity gradient between these two hypertrophy types.
Methods
Vector flow mapping (VFM) echocardiography was performed in 35 healthy participants, 25 HCM patients, and 24 H-LVH patients. Circulation, vortex area and vorticity during atrial filling (A-filling), isovolumic contraction (IVC) and ejection period were measured, as well as intraventricular velocity gradient during the E-filling period and average energy loss (EL-ave) during one cardiac cycle for each period. Measurements were averaged over three cardiac cycles.
Results
The “absent E-filling vortex ring” phenomenon was found in 8 HCM cases (32%), with significantly increased EL-ave during the A-filling period and relatively reduced diastolic intraventricular velocity gradient between the base and the apex (Vbp) compared with patients with normal E-filling vortex ring. EL-ave during the E-filling period was weaker in HCM than in the control and H-LVH groups. From A-filling to ejection, EL-ave was obviously increased in the HCM and H-LVH groups compared to the control group. Multivariable analyses revealed that EL-ave during the E-filling period in the HCM and H-LVH groups was affected by different heart structure-related factors and had a good diagnostic efficiency in differentiating HCM from H-LVH.
Conclusion
Differences in abnormal hemodynamics observed between HCM and H-LVH are reflected in both VFM-derived parameters, especially non-physiological vortices and early filling EL, which is closely related to special morphology. EL during E-filling as a novel parameter may be may be useful in differentiating HCM from hypertensive LVH.
Using Necroptosis-Associated Genes To Predict The Immune Microenvironment And Prognosis Of Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Yi-jiang , Yang Cui , Li Yan-ling , Xu Jia-jia , Chen Min-wei , Liu Shi-xiao , Wang Xue-qi , Zheng Xiang-hui , Luo Ping , Zhang Zheng-hao , Li Run-jing , Li Rui , Shan Zhong-gui 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
PURPOSE
Bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA), the most common urinary tract malignancy, has a high recurrence rate and poor survival at late stages. Necroptosis, a form of programmed cell death, is involved in cancer development and progression, but its function in BLCA prognosis remains unclear. This study sought to investigate the role of necroptosis in the development and prognosis of BLCA.
METHODS
Clinical information and RNA expression matrix data were obtained from the databases. Survival analysis was performed to obtain survival- and necroptosis-related genes and identify any that overlapped. Consensus clustering analysis was used to create different subgroups by combining the overlapping gene expression matrix and clinical information. The tumor immune microenvironment and immune status of the different subgroups were determined using ESTIMATE, MCPcounter, and ssGSEA analysis. We performed differential analysis on the gene expression matrix of molecular subpopulations to find and screen out differentially expressed genes (DEGs). GO, KEGG, GSVA, and GSEA analyses were used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of the DEGs. Lasso Cox regression analysis was used to build a prognostic risk model and perform a pan-cancer analysis of the screened genes. The results were used to define potential roles for these genes in other cancers and assess the efficacy of the risk model.
RESULTS
Cluster analysis identified two subgroups, C1 and C2, with significantly different survival rates. ESTIMATE, MCPcounter, and ssGSEA analyses showed that high immune scores, tumor purity, and immune status were associated with poorer prognoses. GO and KEGG functional enrichment analyses indicated that DEGs were mainly focused on tumor proliferation, invasion, and immunity and GSEA analysis suggested that necroptosis may affect Toll-like receptor signaling pathways, MAPK cascade regulation of leukocyte trafficking, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathways. Lasso Cox regression analysis was used to model the prognostic risk while screening for representative necroptosis-associated genes, ANXA1, ATAD3A, and TRPC6, with high potential for survival prediction in BLCA patients. The pan-cancer analysis indicated that the three representative genes were also differentially expressed in other cancer types.
CONCLUSION
Expression of necroptosis-related genes such as ANXA1, ATAD3A, and TRPC6 correlate with the immune microenvironment of BLCA patients and have the potential for use in disease prognostics.
The tibial tunnel location would be lateral easiler by placing the tunnel under-the-ACL During transtibial Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction with remnant preservation
Authors: Zhao-lan WEI , Chao-xi Wei , Wei-lin Yi , Bao-shen Wei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background：An accurate method for precise tibial tunnel preparation and preserving remnant are believed as the key technologies of transtibial PCL reconstruction. However, there are technically difficult when creating an accurate tibial tunnel under good visualization without removing the remnant PCL fibers. We found tibial guide could through the path under-the-ACL(between the ACL and lateral femoral condyle) to posterolateral compartment at 45° Knee flexion and varus stress, while tibial guide tip can locate the insertion from the lateral of PCL and get around the PCL remnant and ACL fibers; placing tunnel inferolaterally and preserving remnant intactly will be easily at the same time .
Purpose : (1) report a modified technique for tibial tunnel preparation to place the tunnel at inferolateral position easily without remnant’s block in PCL reconstruction with remnant preservation. (2) compare tibial tunnel placement of two guide path by in vivo 3-dimensional computed tomography（3D-CT）:the path under-the-ACL（the guide insertion we recommend）and the path over-the-ACL（the guide insertion we used to）.
Methods： Tibial tunnel aperture location was analyzed by postoperative in vivo CT in 50 patients who underwent single-bundle remnant-preserving PCL reconstruction ,22 by over-the-ACL and 28 by under-the-ACL tibial guide insertion techniques by a retrospective study from 2016 to 2020 to our center. Tibial tunnel positions were measured in the medial to lateral and proximal to distal directions of the posterior proximal tibia. Stress radiography of pre- and post-operation were used to evaluate the knee stability.
Results：All patients were follow-up above 24 months. In the medial to lateral direction, the center of tibial tunnel aperture was located more laterally in the under-the-ACL group of (0.51±0.01)% than over-the-ACL group of (0.46±0.04)%（P＜0.05）. The tibial tunnel position in the proximal to distal direction, determined by absolute value and relative percentage, were similar in the 2 groups. Two groups were significantly improved the posterior laxity control compared with preoperation by stress radiography at 24 months postoperatively, and posterior tibial translation (4.00±1.03)mm in A group compared with (5.43±1.09)mm in B group（P＜0.05）.
Conclusions: Tibial tunnel apertures would be located more laterally after under-the-ACL tibial guide insertion than after over-the-ACL tibial guide insertion. There was, however, no significant difference between these techniques in distance from the joint line to the tibial tunnel aperture. Insertion under-the-ACL to the PCL stump may result in better placement of the PCL in Fanelli area.
Dioscin Restores Immunological Tolerance of CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells in Aplastic Anemia Mouse Model
Authors: Fan Liwei , Ni Runfeng , Zhang Le , Yang Wuxia , Li Meng , Li Runjie , Wang Aidi , Liu Baoshan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Aplastic anemia (AA) is an immune-mediated disease of bone marrow failure owing to activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) could negatively regulate CTLs to maintain self-tolerance and avoid excessive immune responses. This study aims to investigate the effect of Dioscin on the functions of CD4+CD25+ Tregsin the AA mouse model, which were induced by total body irradiation and allogeneic lymphocyte infusion.
Methods and Results: The collected CD4+CD25+Tregs were randomly divided into 5 groups: 1) normal control group, 2) aplastic anemia model group, 3) Dioscin group, 4) Cyclosporine A group, 5) Triptolide group. Based on flow cytometry and qRT-PCR, forkhead box P3 (Foxp3), cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) and glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor-related protein (GITR) were quantified to evaluate the function expression of CD4+CD25+ Tregs.
Conclusions: The result shows that the AA mice manifested loss of Foxp3 and CTLA4 expressions and overexpression of GITR. It also shows that compared with traditional AA medicine such as Cyclosporine A and Triptolide, Dioscin displays better efficacy in promoting Tregs differentiation by affecting CTLA4 and GITR on the surface of Tregs and restoring the expression of Foxp3.
Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy should be performed carefully for medial meniscus tear showing the anteromedial meniscofemoral ligament
Authors: Kim Young Mo , Joo Yong Bum , Song Ju-Ho , An Byung Kuk , Lee Cheol Won 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Anteromedial meniscofemoral ligament (AMMFL) has been regarded as a silent lesion that does not cause symptoms. However, clinical relevance of the AMMFL when arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM) is performed for medial meniscus (MM) tear has not been investigated. This study tried to determine whether APM for MM tear showing the AMMFL was associated with degenerative changes of the joint.
Methods
After review of 2568 patients who underwent arthroscopic surgery in 2003–2017, 10 patients who showed the AMMFL and had magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans taken ≥ 2 years after surgery were selected. Of these, 5 patients underwent APM for MM tear (M group) and the other 5 patients did not have any procedures on the MM (NM group). The degenerative changes of the medial compartment, such as chondral wear and subchondral bone marrow lesion (BML), were evaluated using MRI. Pre- and postoperative cartilage statuses and subchondral BML were assessed based on MRI Osteoarthritis Knee Score (MOAKS) criteria. The sum of cartilage and BML scores of the medial femoral condyle and tibial plateau was compared between the groups. Other related demographics and radiographic factors including the alignment were also analyzed. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the Lysholm score.
Results
The mean follow-up duration was 50.4 months (range, 28–88). During that period, significant chondral wear was noted in both the femoral condyle and tibial plateau (p = 0.011 and p = 0.042, respectively). The two groups showed significant differences in postoperative femoral and tibial cartilage statuses (p = 0.048 and p = 0.008, respectively) and the degenerative chondral change in the tibial side which was defined as the difference between preoperative and postoperative cartilage scores (p = 0.008). No differences were found in BML scores and other related factors. There were no inter-group differences in the Lysholm score either.
Conclusion
MM with the AMMFL needs special concern because APM in this circumstance could aggravate the degenerative chondral change of the medial compartment. Considering the difference between MM with the AMMFL and typical MM, surgical intervention on the former should be more carefully performed.
Genomic analysis of a new lytic Salmonella Typhimurium bacteriophage (vB_StyS-sam)
Authors: Sabzali Somaieh , Bouzari Majid 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Salmonella spp. antibiotics resistance increase is a global problem. Currently, S. Typhimurium is the world's second leading etiology of salmonellosis with resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Bacteriophages have the potential to controlling Salmonella infections. In this study, the genome of a virulens Salmonella phage (vB_StyS-sam) isolated from Toshan backwater in Gorgan city of Golestan province in Iran (N364737 E542603) was analyzed. It contained 43221 base pairs with 49.77 (G + C) content that coded 66 proteins with eight promotor sequences. Twenty-four ORFs encoded functional proteins (replication, modification, and regulation). Eight unique ORFs with no similarity with any protein in the NCBI GenBank were found in this phage. Moreover, 29 Rho-dependent terminators are located in vB_StyS-sam phage genome. An anti-CRISPER sequence was found in the genome and BLASTn indicated that the vB_StyS-sam has homology with other Salmonella phages such as vB_SenS-Ent1 and other members of Jerseyvirus phages. Phage genome did not contain any antibiotic resistance and virulence genes. Thus, we suggested vB_StyS-sam phage has the potential to be used in phage therapy.
Tsc2 mutation rather than Tsc1 mutation dominantly causes a social deficit in a mouse model of tuberous sclerosis complex
Authors: Kashii Hirofumi , Kasai Shinya , Sato Atsushi , Hagino Yoko , Nishito Yasumasa , Kobayashi Toshiyuki , Hino Okio , Mizuguchi Masashi , Ikeda Kazutaka 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant disorder that is associated with neurological symptoms, including autism spectrum disorder. Tuberous sclerosis complex is caused by pathogenic germline mutations of either the TSC1 or TSC2 gene, but somatic mutations were identified in both genes, and the combined effects of TSC1 and TSC2 mutations have been unknown. Methods: The present study investigated social behaviors by the social interaction test and three-chambered sociability tests, effects of rapamycin treatment, and gene expression profiles with a gene expression microarray in Tsc1 and Tsc2 double heterozygous mutant (TscD+/−) mice. Results: TscD+/− mice exhibited impairments in social behaviors, and the severity of impairments was similar to Tsc2+/− mice rather than Tsc1+/− mice. Impairments in social behaviors were rescued by rapamycin treatment in all mutant mice. Gene expression profiles in the brain were greatly altered in TscD+/− mice more than in Tsc1+/− and Tsc2+/− mice. The gene expression changes compared with WT mice were similar between TscD+/− and Tsc2+/− mice, and the overlapping genes whose expression was altered in mutant mice compared with wild type (WT) mice were enriched in the neoplasm- and inflammation-related canonical pathways. The “signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, interferon regulatory factor 1, interferon regulatory factor 4, interleukin-2R α chain, and interferon-γ” signaling pathway, which is initiated from signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 and PDZ and LIM domain protein 2, was associated with impairments in social behaviors in all mutant mice. Limitations: It is unclear whether the signaling pathway also plays a critical role in autism spectrum disorders not caused by Tsc1 and Tsc2 mutations. Conclusions: These findings suggest that TSC1 and TSC2 double mutations cause autistic behaviors similarly to TSC2 mutations, although significant changes in gene expression were attributable to the double mutations. These findings contribute to the knowledge of genotype-phenotype correlations in TSC and suggest that mutations in both the TSC1 and TSC2 genes act in concert to cause neurological symptoms, including autism spectrum disorder.
Two Dimensional Model for Double-Sided Linear Permanent Magnet inner armature synchronous machine With Slotless Stator at on-Load in Different Patterns of Magnetization
Authors: Shirzad Ehsan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this paper is presented a two-dimension analytical model for linear permanent magnet inner armature double sided synchronous motors (LPMIADSSMs). The flux density in all areas of the proposed machine is calculated based on the sub-domain method. According to this method the machine areas is divided into eleven sub-regions as first external, first mover, first PM, first air-gap, first winding, stator, second winding, second air gap, second PM, second external and second mover which sign as FE, FR, FP, FAG, FW, S, SW, SAG, SP, SE, SR. To find the flux density equations, it is mandatory to solve the extracted Maxwell equations and apply the boundary conditions between each two sub-regions, which lead to find the unknown coefficients for flux density in each sub-region. In addition, the influences of magnetization patterns, i.e. parallel, ideal Hal Bach, 2-segment Halbach and bar magnet in the shifting direction of the flux distribution is investigated. To validate the obtained results, the proposed model results are compared with those obtained from finite element method (FEM).
Quantification of Essential Minerals and Heavy Elements in the Scalp Hair of Jordanian Children with Specific Language Impairment
Authors: Bashtawi Mahmoud Ahmad , AL-Fawares O'la , Rashaid Ayat , Alqhazo Mazin Taha 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
During the past four decades, the number of children diagnosed with specific language impairment (SLI) has been increased. The factors contribute to SLI are not completely identified; therefore, more studies consensus on the pathophysiological etiologies of this disorder is essential. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the levels of 5 essential minerals: iron (Fe), potassium (K), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), and zinc (Zn) in addition to 9 heavy metals: aluminum (Al), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), lithium (Li), lead (Pb), indium (In), and strontium (Sr) in the scalp hair samples of 39 Jordanian children diagnosed with SLI compared with their 37 healthy control children aged 4 to 7 years. Hair samples were cut, acid digested, and analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results revealed that Zn level was significantly lower in hair samples of SLI group as compared to the control group (p = 0.02). In SLI group, a significant positive correlation was noted between Zn and Mn (p = 0.04), Al and Li (p = 0.05), as well as Fe and Mn (p < 0.001). These findings would be useful for increasing the understanding of SLI etiology. More elemental studies of larger sample size could participate in future development of therapies that could decrease SLI related symptoms. Also, profiling of elements in hair could provide a nutritional tracking tool with a larger time window that guide the supplementation with essential elements for children with SLI as therapeutic tool.
Tumor cell-secreted soluble uPAR functions as a neutrophil chemoattractant to promote triple-negative breast cancer metastasis
Authors: liu xia , LI Dong , hemati hami , Younhee Park , Taftaf Rokana , zhang youbin , Liu Jinpeng , Cristofanilli Massimo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Accumulating evidence have demonstrated that circulating tumor cell (CTC) clusters have higher metastatic ability than single CTCs, and correlates with worse cancer patient’s outcomes. The heterotypic CTC clusters such as neutrophil-CTC clusters recently were identified in both cancer mouse models and cancer patients, leading to more efficient metastasis formation compared with homotypic CTC clusters. However, the mechanism by which neutrophils are associated with CTCs remains elusive. In this study, we found that the intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells mediates their binding with CD11b+ neutrophils, and CD11b deficiency inhibited TNBC metastasis In vivo. Additionally, CD11b mediated H2O2 production of neutrophils. Further studies indicated that ICAM-1 promotes uPAR secretion, which functions as a chemoattractant for neutrophils. Knockdown of uPAR in ICAM-1+ TNBC cells reduced lung-infiltrating neutrophils, and lung metastasis. The bioinformatics analysis showed uPAR is highly expressed in TNBCs, which positively correlates with higher neutrophil infiltration and negatively with breast cancer patient’s survival. Together, our findings discover a novel chemoattractant role of suPAR in TNBC metastasis, and provides a rationale for targeting ICAM-1-uPAR-CD11b axis to block CTC-neutrophil cluster formation, and its-mediated metastasis.
A Secure Data Fragmentation Scheme Based on Pseudo-Entropy
Authors: Liu Dan , Lin Weitao , Wang Wei , Wang Xin , Hu Qian , Hou Wanxin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The typical fragmentation schemes divide the data into continuous segments, causing an uneven amount of information in the segments, resulting in a threat to the security of the overall scheme after obtaining part of the leaked information posed by an adversary with mighty computing power. To combat such attacks, we propose a pseudo-entropy-based fragmentation scheme (PEFS), which further reduces the probability of the adversaries predicting the remaining information from partially leaking information and can prevent the eavesdroppers from colluding to form a more powerful attack. Considering the current situation that fragmentation schemes lack a unified theoretical model, we proposed a data fragmentation security model, and its provable security is verified. At the same time, this paper establishes a set of security level evaluation methods for multi-channel data fragmentation transmission and demonstrates the effectiveness of the fragmentation level evaluation methods from a theoretical point of view. Further, we propose a fragmentation scheme evaluation algorithm, and through the comparison experiment with the traditional continuous fragmentation scheme shows that the fragmentation scheme based on pseudo-entropy has universality and superiority in actual transmission scenarios.
Prediction of coal mine gas emission based on hybrid machine learning model
Authors: Bi Shenghao , Shao Liangshan , Qi Zihan , Wang Yanbin , Lai Wenzhe 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Coal mine gas accident is one of the most significant threats to the safe mining process in coal mines, so it is very important to accurately predict coal mine gas emission. To improve the accuracy of coal mine gas emission prediction, a hybrid machine learning prediction model combining random forest (RF) algorithm, improved gray wolf optimizer (IGWO) algorithm and support vector regression (SVR) algorithm is proposed. Thirty groups of actual measured gas emission data from a coal mine are selected as samples, and the latter five groups are used as test sets. Firstly, the RF algorithm is used to screen 13 influencing factors of coal mine gas emission, and finally six influencing factors are selected as the input variables of the prediction model; Secondly, the IGWO algorithm is obtained by improving the GWO algorithm with a nonlinear convergence factor and a DLH search strategy; Finally, the IGWO algorithm is used to optimize the SVR algorithm to establish the RF-IGWO-SVR model, and the model is compared with other models to verify its superiority. The results show that the average relative error of the RF-GWO-SVR model is 1.55%, and this result is better than other comparative models, which indicates that the model can effectively improve the prediction accuracy of coal mine gas emission and provide a new model for coal mine gas emission prediction.