bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Network traffic analysis through deep learning for detection of an army of bots in health IoT network
Authors: K. Geetha , S.H. Brahmananda 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
IoT has a wide range of applications in the health-care sector and has captured the interest of many academic and industrial communities. The health IoT devices suffer from botnet attacks as all the devices are connected to the internet. An army of compromised bots may form to launch a DDoS attack, steal confidential data of patients and disrupt the service, and hence detecting this army of bots is paramount. This study aims to detect botnet attacks in health IoT devices using the deep learning technique.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper focuses on designing a method to protect health IoT devices from botnet attacks by constantly observing communication network traffic and classifying them as benign and malicious flow. The proposed algorithm analyzes the health IoT network traffic through implementing Bidirectional long-short term memory, a deep learning technique. The IoT-23 data set is considered for this research as it includes diverse botnet attack scenarios.

Findings
The performance of the proposed method is evaluated using attack prediction accuracy. It results in the highest accuracy of 84.8%, classifying benign and malicious traffic.

Originality/value
The proposed method constantly monitors the health IoT network to detect botnet attacks and classifies the traffic as benign or attack. The system is implemented using the BiLSTM algorithm and trained using the IoT-23 data set. The diversity of attack scenarios of the IoT-23 data set demonstrates the proposed algorithm's competence in detecting botnet types in a heterogeneous environment.
Integrated store service quality measurement scale in omni-channel retailing
Authors: Zhang Min , Li Yiwei , Sun Lin , Moustapha Farouk Adewale 
Published: January 2022

PurposeBrick-and-mortar store is an essential channel to deliver a seamless shopping experience and meet customer's dynamic needs in omni-channel retailing. This paper aims to understand customers' expectations of the integrated stores and develop a measurement scale to assess in-store service quality in omni-channel retailing.Design/methodology/approachGrounded theory methodology (GTM) is employed to obtain a clear picture of consumer expectations and preferences regarding the omni-channel brick-and-mortar integrated stores. Then, an integrated store service quality scale is proposed, refined and validated using a questionnaire survey and structural equation model (SEM).FindingsThe measurement scale is set to include seven dimensions: in-store environment, in-store technology, product information consistency, employee assistance, personalization, channel availability and instant gratification and return. The relationships among these seven dimensions and customer satisfaction and loyalty are also verified. According to SEM, product information consistency is more important for customer satisfaction while personalization contributes more to customer loyalty. The results demonstrate that by analysing the seven dimensions, retailers can better understand customers and further improve service quality.Originality/valueThis paper proposes a sufficient measurement scale for in-store service quality and fills the gap in omni-channel retailing by capturing its integration attribute.
Impact of perceived organizational support on organizational commitment of banking employees: role of work-life balance
Authors: Sheikh Aarif Mohd 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the relationship between perceived organizational support (POS) and work-life balance (WLB) in the context of the Indian banking sector and their subsequent impact on the commitment level of employees.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 617 banking employees holding different positions with a structured adapted questionnaire. The data analysis was done using structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results revealed a positive influence of POS on WLB. Moreover, this relationship has been found to be partially mediated by organizational commitment (OC).Originality/valueThis study augments the organizational behavior domain by identifying and empirically validating POS as an antecedent of WLB and OC as its consequence in the context of the Indian banking sector, where such studies are scant. The study also suggests the managerial and theoretical implications based on the findings.
Longitudinal approach to the study of corporate governance code and earnings management relationship: the case of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Grada Mohieddin Salem 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThis paper investigates whether the introduction of the 2006 corporate governance code and subsequent amendments constrain corporate earnings management (EM) practices amongst listed companies in Saudi Arabia.Design/methodology/approachAccounting and corporate governance (CG) data were collected from annual financial reports of a sample of 108 listed companies from 2007 to 2019. Absolute value of discretionary accruals was regressed against tested CG determinants provided in the CG code. The authors also employed other econometric models to check potential endogeneities.FindingsThe overall results provide evidence that the 2006/2018 Saudi Arabia corporate governance code (SACGC) does not deter EM practices in public companies.Practical implicationsRegulators and other stakeholders should make a deliberate effort to improve the Saudi CG environment by focussing on governance aspects such as board and ownership structures to ensure the independence of the board to effectively perform its statutory roles, as EM practices persist in the system.Originality/valueThis paper extends the literature on the effectiveness of CG, by providing evidence that CG code does not effectively constrain EM activities in settings where CG structures may exist, but greater importance is attached to informal relationships and other considerations than formal CG mechanisms, as these features usually work against the potentials of the principles of good CG as in the case of Saudi Arabia.
Humanoid psychological sentiments and enigma of investment
Authors: Chishti Mazhar Farid , Bashir Rizwana , Mancinelli Tanja , Hussain Rana Tanveer 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThe primary goal of this study is to look at the behavioral factors that influence an individual's decision to invest in the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX).Design/methodology/approachExisting behavioral finance theories serve as a foundation for hypotheses. Further hypotheses were investigated by disseminating questionnaire results from a number of individual Pakistani investors. Brokerage and asset management fund managers were also questioned in semi-structured interviews. The obtained data were analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences, and latent variables were identified using the structural equation model (SEM) and an asset management operating system (AMOS).FindingsIndividual investor investment decisions in the PSX are influenced by five behavioral factors: herding, market, prospect, overconfidence and gambler fallacy and anchoring-ability bias. The majority of the variables have a modest impact; however, the market component has a significant impact. Only three behavioral elements, herding, prospect and heuristic, are found to influence investment performance among the behavioral factors stated above. Heuristic habits have been discovered to have the greatest positive impact on investment performance.Practical implicationsThis study is one of the few in Pakistan that looked at the factors that influence stock investment decisions using behavioral finance. Prior research has only considered the effects of a restricted number of behavioral characteristics on Pakistani individual investors; however, this study seeks to use a whole collection of behavioral factors to examine their impacts on Pakistani individual investors.Research limitationsThe focus of the study remains on the individual investor, whereas the impact of institutional investors on investment behavior could bring different outcomes.Originality/valueThis is among the few studies that investigated the impact of cognitive factors on investment decisions in the context of Pakistan and will help policy makers, opinion makers and individuals.
How to attenuate the effects of abusive supervision on knowledge hiding: the neutralizing roles of coworker support and individual characteristics
Authors: Hao Qi , Wei Kou , Zhang Bin 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to theoretically discuss and empirically test the mediating effect of emotional exhaustion (EE) and the moderating effects of perceived coworker support (PCS) and positive affectivity (PA) in the relationship between abusive supervision (AS) and knowledge hiding (KH).Design/methodology/approachThe authors adopted a three-wave survey to collect data from eight high-tech companies in north China. The final sample of 209 available responses was analyzed with hierarchical regression analyses and bias-corrected bootstrapping methods.FindingsAS positively affected employees’ KH. EE fully mediated this positive relationship. PCS and PA attenuated the relationship between AS and EE, respectively, and the mediating effects of EE.Originality/valueFirst, the study contributes to the knowledge management and leadership literature by examining the relationship between the following two dysfunctional workplace behaviors: AS and KH. Second, the authors explicitly tested the underlying psychological mechanism in the above relationship. Third, this study specified two ways – obtaining support from coworkers and generating positive emotions – to attenuate the toxic effects of AS on victims.
The financing of uncertain future investments
Authors: Yaghoubi Mona , Keefe Michael O’Connor 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of two important financing sources, debt and cash, on a firm’s investment decisions and explores the intertemporal impact of this financing on future investment volatility.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper first reports our results using ordinary least squares (OLS) estimation and then employ an instrumental variable (IV) strategy which addresses potential endogeneity that arises from future investment volatility on current capital structure and cash levels.

Findings
This paper finds firms with low levels of debt or high levels of cash experience higher future investment volatility, and the probability of large future investment increases with high cash levels. This study’s findings are economically important; for example, a one-standard-deviation increase from the mean of debt ratio implies an approximate 7.8% decrease in future investment volatility; and a one-standard-deviation increase from the mean of a firm’s cash level leads to a 47% increase in the probability of a large investment in the next year.

Originality/value
The findings of this study help firms understand the impact of their present financing decisions on the plausibility of their future investments. This paper contributes to the literature by making both novel and confirmatory findings. This paper was structured to include confirmatory findings for two reasons. First, this paper uses different methods to construct investment volatility and the related investment spike. Second, and more importantly, the hypotheses are interrelated and communicate how firms plan for and execute against uncertain future investments. Growth options are ephemeral, and the hypotheses structure provides a guideline for how a firm finances future growth options.
Adapted guided self-help booklets for supporting the well-being of people with intellectual disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic: an evaluation of impact
Authors: Maguire Roseann , Pert Carol , Baines Susannah , Gillooly Amanda , Hastings Richard P. , Hatton Chris , Dagnan Dave , Jahoda Andrew 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
The COVID-19 pandemic meant that it became impossible for many individuals with intellectual disability to access specialist mental health support. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a set of guided self-help resources adapted for delivery on an outreach basis.

Design/methodology/approach
The use and impact of the resources were evaluated through: data about downloads and requests for printed materials; interviews with individuals who used the resources; webinars with organisations; family members and support workers who had delivered the resources and an online survey with individuals who had delivered the resources.

Findings
The resources had considerable reach, with over 12,555 printed copies requested from across Scotland. The materials were perceived to be relevant and useful, helping individuals to talk about difficulties and to be aware that others were facing similar challenges.

Originality/value
The findings highlight the potential long-term value of guided self-help resources to help promote well-being that can be delivered on an outreach basis by family members and social care organisations.
Biogeography of Southern Ocean prokaryotes: a comparison of the Indian and Pacific sectors
Authors: Sow Swan L. S. , Brown Mark V. , Clarke Laurence J. , Bissett Andrew , van de Kamp Jodie , Trull Thomas W. , Raes Eric J. , Seymour Justin R. , Bramucci Anna R. , Ostrowski Martin , Boyd Philip W. , Deagle Bruce E. , Pardo Paula C. , Sloyan Bernadette M. , Bodrossy Levente 
Published: January 2022

SummaryWe investigated the Southern Ocean (SO) prokaryote community structure via zero‐radius operational taxonomic unit (zOTU) libraries generated from 16S rRNA gene sequencing of 223 full water column profiles. Samples reveal the prokaryote diversity trend between discrete water masses across multiple depths and latitudes in Indian (71–99°E, summer) and Pacific (170–174°W, autumn‐winter) sectors of the SO. At higher taxonomic levels (phylum‐family) we observed water masses to harbour distinct communities across both sectors, but observed sectorial variations at lower taxonomic levels (genus‐zOTU) and relative abundance shifts for key taxa such as Flavobacteria, SAR324/Marinimicrobia, Nitrosopumilus and Nitrosopelagicus at both epi‐ and bathy‐abyssopelagic water masses. Common surface bacteria were abundant in several deep‐water masses and vice‐versa suggesting connectivity between surface and deep‐water microbial assemblages. Bacteria from same‐sector Antarctic Bottom Water samples showed patchy, high beta‐diversity which did not correlate well with measured environmental parameters or geographical distance. Unconventional depth distribution patterns were observed for key archaeal groups: Crenarchaeota was found across all depths in the water column and persistent high relative abundances of common epipelagic archaeon Nitrosopelagicus was observed in deep‐water masses. Our findings reveal substantial regional variability of SO prokaryote assemblages that we argue should be considered in wide‐scale SO ecosystem microbial modelling.
Evaluating the belt and road initiative effects on trade and migration: Evidence from the East African community
Authors: Dumor Koffi , Li Yao , Yongkai Ma , Ampaw Enock Mintah , Dumor Hafez Komla 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper uses the new panel data structural gravity equations to examine the impact of China's Belt and Road Initiative in two dimensions, namely trade and migration on participating countries. By leveraging the Poisson pseudo‐maximum likelihood estimator with fixed‐effects to address both endogeneity and omitted variables, our results highlighted the importance of accounting for the regional economic integration in Africa, Europe, and Asia. The model assesses 65 countries, including 30 sub‐Saharan economies from the period 2000–2018. The findings of our study indicate that migration has a significant impact on the flow of bilateral trade. We also observed that the East African Community regional trade agreements have a significant negative effect on intra‐blocs trade under the Belt and Road Initiative. Therefore, a comprehensive policy agenda needs to be developed to enhance migration and trade‐promoting policies among the participating economies of Africa to engender African growth from a win‐win perspective.
Fear and fainting in Luanda: paranoid politics and the problem of interpretative authority in Angola
Authors: Schubert Jon 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article unpacks the events and reactions surrounding a mysterious ‘fainting wave’ that swept through Angolan middle and high schools from early 2011 on. By attending to the historicity and materiality of the fainting wave, the article investigates why the strong conviction took root of a dark political intentionality behind this inexplicable phenomenon, and why this conspiratorial interpretation prevailed over alternative explanations of a more psychological or spiritual bent. Through this, the article contributes to disaggregating the seemingly monolithic, neo‐authoritarian Angolan state. More importantly, it points to the limitations of analyses pivoting on an idea of opposing rationalities, while at the same time demonstrating how historically attuned, deep ethnography can help us overcome the limits of more ‘scientistic’ psychological explanations.
LGBTQ2S+ childbearing individuals and perinatal mental health: A systematic review
Authors: Kirubarajan Abirami , Barker Lucy C. , Leung Shannon , Ross Lori E. , Zaheer Juveria , Park Bomi , Abramovich Alex , Yudin Mark H. , Lam June Sing Hong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe perinatal period may uniquely impact the mental health and wellbeing of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and Two‐Spirit (LGBTQ2S+) childbearing individuals.ObjectivesTo characterise and synthesise the experiences of LGBTQ2S+ childbearing individuals regarding perinatal mental health, including symptomatology, access to care and care‐seeking.Search strategyWe conducted and reported a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines of eight databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE‐OVID, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science: Core Collection, Sociological Abstracts, Social Work Abstract, and PsycINFO) from inception to 1 March 2021.Selection criteriaOriginal, peer‐reviewed research related to LGBTQ2S+ mental health was eligible for inclusion if the study was specific to the perinatal period (defined as pregnancy planning, conception, pregnancy, childbirth, and first year postpartum; includes miscarriages, fertility treatments and surrogacy).Data collection and analysisFindings were synthesised qualitatively via meta‐aggregation using the Joanna Briggs Institute System for the Unified Management, Assessment and Review of Information (JBI SUMARI), and the ConQual approach.Main resultsOur systematic search included 26 eligible studies encompassing 1199 LGBTQ2S+ childbearing participants. Using the JBI SUMARI approach, we reported 65 results, which we synthesised as six key findings. The studies described unique considerations for LGBTQ2S+ individuals’ perinatal mental health, including heteronormativity, cisnormativity, isolation, exclusion from traditional pregnancy care, stigma, and distressing situations from the gendered nature of pregnancy. Many participants described a lack of knowledge from healthcare providers related to care for LGBTQ2S+ individuals. In addition, LGBTQ2S+ individuals described barriers to accessing mental healthcare and gaps in health systems. Strategies to improve care include provider education, avoidance of gendered language, documentation of correct pronouns, trauma‐informed practices, cultural humility training and tailored care for LGBTQ2S+ people.ConclusionsPregnancy, postpartum, and the perinatal period uniquely impacts the mental health and wellbeing of LGBTQ2S+individuals, largely due to systems‐level inequities and exclusion from perinatal care. Healthcare providers should implement the identified strategies to improve perinatal care and address inequities.
New PET/CT criterion for predicting lymph node metastasis in resectable advanced (stage IB‐III) lung cancer: The standard uptake values ratio of ipsilateral/contralateral hilar nodes
Authors: Kameyama Komei , Imai Kazuhiro , Ishiyama Koichi , Takashima Shinogu , Kuriyama Shoji , Atari Maiko , Ishii Yoshiaki , Kobayashi Akihito , Takahashi Shugo , Kobayashi Mirai , Harata Yuzu , Sato Yusuke , Motoyama Satoru , Hashimoto Manabu , Nomura Kyoko , Minamiya Yoshihiro 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the present study was to use surgical and histological results to develop a simple noninvasive technique to improve nodal staging using preoperative PET/CT in patients with resectable lung cancer.MethodsPreoperative PET/CT findings (pStage IB–III 182 patients) and pathological diagnoses after surgical resection were evaluated. Using PET/CT images to determine the standardized uptake value (SUV) ratio, the SUVmax of a contralateral hilar lymph node (on the side of the chest opposite to the primary tumor) was measured simultaneously. The I/C‐SUV ratio was calculated as ipsilateral hilar node SUV/contralateral hilar node SUV. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were then used to analyze those data.ResultsBased on ROC analyses, the cutoff I/C‐SUV ratio for diagnosis of lymph node metastasis was 1.34. With a tumor ipsilateral lymph node SUVmax ≥2.5, an IC‐SUV ratio ≥1.34 had the highest accuracy for predicting N1/N2 metastasis; the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy of nodal staging were 60.66, 85.11, 84.09, 62.5 and 71.29%, respectively.ConclusionsWhen diagnosing nodal stage, a lymph node I/C‐SUV ratio ≥1.34 can be an effective criterion for determining surgical indications in advanced lung cancer.
A force‐measuring device combined with ultrasound‐based elastography for assessment of the uterine cervix
Authors: Thomsen Christine Rohr , Jensen Maria Strandbo Schmidt , Leonhard Anne Katrine , Mortensen Tanja Østerlund , Bor Pinar , Sandager Puk , Hinge Mogens , Uldbjerg Niels 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionIn this feasibility study, we hypothesize that the evaluation of cervical biomechanical strength can be improved if cervical length measurement is supplemented with quantitative elastography, which is a technique based on conventional ultrasound elastography combined with a force‐measuring device. Our aims were to: (a) develop a force‐measuring device; (b) introduce a cervical elastography index (CEI) and a cervical strength index (CSI; defined as cervical length × CEI); (c) evaluate how these indexes assess the cervical softening that takes place during normal pregnancy; and (d) how these indexes predict the cervical dilatation time from 4 to 10 cm.Material and methodsAn electronic force‐measuring device was mounted on the handle of the transvaginal probe, allowing for force measurement when conducting elastography. The study group concerned with normal cervical softening included 44 unselected pregnant women. Outcomes were CEI and CSI at different gestational ages. The study group for labor induction included 26 singleton term pregnant women admitted for labor induction. Outcome was defined as cervical dilatation time from 4 to 10 cm. Elastography measured the changes in mean gray value (intensity) during manual compressions. Region of interest was set within the anterior cervical lip.ResultsWe found that the mean of all variables regarding cervical softening decreased from early to late pregnancy: ie cervical length from 34 to 29 mm, CEI from 0.17 to 0.11 N, and CSI from 5.9 to 3.1 N mm. Moreover, the cervical dilatation time during labor induction was associated with CEI, although not statistically significantly (area under the ROC curve of 0.67), but not with the Bishop score, the cervical length, or the CSI.ConclusionsWe propose that quantitative elastography based on changes in the intensity of the B‐mode ultrasound recording, in combination with a force‐measuring device on the handle of the vaginal probe, deserves further investigation as an approach for evaluation of cervical biomechanical strength.