bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase-interface-anchored cadmium single-atom catalysts for efficient methanol steam reforming
Authors: Wang Hui , zhang shunan , Zhou Haozhi , Shao Zilong , Wei Baohuan , Hu Zhen , Liang Hao , Zhang Ruonan , Liu Xiaofang , Luo Hu , Xia Lin , Sun Yuhan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Employing interface engineering to design innovative single-atom catalysts (SACs) for effective methanol steam reforming (MSR) presents an attractive yet formidable challenge. Herein, we report phase-interface confined Cd/P25 SACs, where Cd atoms are stably anchored at the phase interface between anatase (101) and rutile (110) facets. The formed Cd-O-Ti phase interface sites exhibit asymmetric geometric and electronic properties that achieve 100% methanol conversion, minimal CO selectivity (<0.1%), and sustained stability exceeding 150 hours. The H2 production rate at these interface sites was approximately 15-fold and 8-fold higher than that of anatase and rutile surface sites, respectively. Enhancing the phase interface density through atmosphere pretreatment can further increase the H2 production rate by an additional 11%. Furthermore, these powder SACs can be 3D printed into kilogram-scale monolithic catalysts, advancing practical in-situ hydrogen generation applications. We anticipate that the strategy presented here will be instrumental in the design of novel SACs and in advancing the application of MSR.
Identification and characterization of phosphorus deficiency tolerant rice genotypes in North-eastern India
Authors: Devi Sanatombi , Singh Th. Seileshkumar , Devi E. Lamalakshmi , W.S. Philanim , Roy Somnath , kumar Amit , Devanna Pramesh , Kumar Awadhesh , T Basanta Singh , Kh Rishikanta Singh , Akoijam Ratankumar Singh , laha Ramgopal , Ngangkham Umakanta 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

An essential element for healthy plant growth and development is phosphorus (P). Globally, lack of phosphorus (P) is a major factor affecting rice productivity. P insufficiency issues generally occur in iron-toxicity soils, soils with aluminium or manganese content, and acidic soils which accounts for over 80% of the area of land in North Eastern India. Also, 60–80% P of rice plants is deposited and stored in the form of phytate which also chelates the availability of Zn and Fe making them unavailable to human and monogastric animals and subsequently environmental pollution and eutrophication. To address the challenges to food and nutrition security, it is crucial to identify high P absorption ability from soil simultaneously reduced P in rice grains using available untapped plant genetic resources. In the present investigation, 96 rice germplasm were screened for phosphorous tolerance using Pup1 gene-based markers. Based on two markers (K46 and K20), only 15 genotypes (15.63%) were positive for PUP1 gene. Hydroponic treatment with low phosphorus revealed Mata Maha and Chakhao Lamhing as the most tolerant genotypes to P deficiency. The correlation analysis found that P was significantly and positively correlated with Fe (0.551) and Zinc content with Fe (0.480). The range of P content was 0.27–3.78mg/g with an average of 1.81mg/g. Intriguingly, the PUP1 gene is also significantly associated with P content in grain by enhancing the P content which is an undesirable trait. However, Insatang Makokching rice genotype showed the least P content (0.27mg/g) in grain though the presence of the positive PUP1 gene. A single nucleotide substitution (G/C) in the eight-exon position of SPDT gene altering the amino acid glycine (G) to arginine (R) in Insatang Makokching rice genotype could be the reason for lowering P content via altering the function of the SPDT protein in node I of panicles. Therefore, convergent selection of PSTOL1 and SPDT genes in rice would enhance low phosphorus tolerance while reduced P grain content ensuring rice agricultural sustainability concerning to phosphorus fertilizers.
Comparative Analysis of Elderly Hip Fractures in COVID-19 Recovered Patients and Non-Infected Patients: Surgical Intervention, Postoperative Complications, and Short-term outcomes
Authors: Yang Qianhao , Yan Yufei , Di Jianzhong , Rui Biyu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives: This study aims to compare surgical intervention, postoperative complications, and short-term outcomes of hip fracture surgery in elderly patients who have recovered from COVID-19 infection with those who have not been infected.
Methods: Patients aged older than 65 years consecutively admitted hip fracture to the Trauma and Orthopedics Centre of a third-level hospital, between January and April 2023. Medical records and databases were reviewed from hospital information system. Patient information, including diagnosis, demographic characteristics, imaging data, laboratory examinations, treatments and length of hospital stay were collected. A structured follow-up assessment was conducted at 1, 3 and 6 months after hospital discharge. Mortality, rehospitalization and postoperative complication were recorded and compared.
Results: Of 312 patients with hip fracture, 252 (mean age 78 years, female 69%) were enrolled. The basic patient information and surgery-related indicators showed no significant differences between the experimental group and the control group. Similarly, COVID-19 infection did not have a significant impact on hospital stay duration or short-term complications. However, the six-month postoperative survival rate was significantly lower in the infected group compared to the non-infected group.
Conclusions and implications: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on global healthcare systems. Which may significantly affect postoperative survival compared to the non-infected group. Further research is needed to understand the long-term effects of COVID-19 on musculoskeletal health and its implications for rehabilitation in this specific patient population.
Relationship of the novel Left Ventricular–Arterial Coupling index to COVID-19 severity and all-cause mortality
Authors: Wu Lingheng , Chen Jianxiong , Zhang Mengjiao , Jin Lin , Ning Wang , Jing Ma , Luo Xianghong , Li Zhaojun , Du Liangfang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective This study sought to investigate the prognostic impact of a novel ventricular-vascular coupling index, the arterial velocity pulse index (AVI) to left ventricular global circumferential strain (GCS) ratio (AVI/GCS) in patients with COVID-19.
Methods 217 patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 were retrospectively reviewed over a 2- month period, and were stratified into two groups (mild and moderate/severe). The traditional indexes (effective arterial elastance, Ea, left ventricular end-systolic elastance, Ees, and ventricular-vascular coupling index, VVI) and the novel indexes (AVI, GCS, AVI/GCS) were acquired. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used to compare the diagnostic efficacy of the two indexes and established the optimal cut point. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the associations with AVI/GCS and all-cause mortality.
Result Among 217 patients analyzed, and 46.54% of the patients were male. The moderate/severe group showed higher values of VVI and lower AVI/GCS compared to mild group. The AVI/GCS [AUC 0.856, 95%CI 0.803-0.909] showed improvement in model discrimination compared with the other ventricular-arterial coupling indexes (Ea, Ees, VVI, AVI and GCS), with the cutoff value of -65.85.
The AVI/GCS ratio <-65.85 vs >-65.85 was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 4.801; 95% CI: 1.095-21.054).
Conclusions AVI/GCS was more effective in detecting differences in cardiovascular function, and was a strong predictor of adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
Post-fire recolonization of dry deciduous forests by lemurs in northwestern Madagascar
Authors: Rabemananjara Naina Ratsimba , Rasolozaka Misa Miaritiana , Ravolanirina Marie Odile , Marivola Rogula , Randriamiarantsoa Seheno Harilala , Rakotondravony Romule , Razafindraibe Hanta , Schüßler Dominik , Radespiel Ute 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Wildfires significantly threaten biodiversity, especially in tropical regions like Madagascar, where unique ecosystems face ongoing habitat loss and degradation. This study investigated the effects of forest fires on lemur abundance, species richness, and their ability to recolonize burnt vegetation in Ankarafantsika National Park (ANP), the largest protected dry deciduous forest in northwestern Madagascar. ANP hosts eight lemur species with one diurnal (Propithecus coquereli), two cathemeral (Eulemur mongoz, E. fulvus), and five nocturnal species (Avahi occidentalis, Lepilemur edwardsi, Cheirogaleus medius, Microcebus murinus, and M. ravelobensis). Eighteen sites with varying fire histories (1 to > 35 years post-fire) and adjacent unburnt forest parts were surveyed using diurnal and nocturnal distance sampling. Transects included burnt (700 m) and unburnt (500 m) sections. Generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) assessed the effect of fire variables such as time since the last fire, number of fires, intervals between fires, and fire severity on lemur abundance and species richness. A full lemur community was observed only in unburnt forests and areas with extended post-fire recovery (≥ 23 years). Fires negatively impacted E. fulvus and L. edwardsi, while they did not significantly affect the abundance of small nocturnal species (C. medius, Microcebus spp.). Lemur species richness was higher in unburnt zones and decreased with an increasing number of fires. These findings reveal the need for long recovery periods for lemur communities post-fire, suggest species-specific fire vulnerabilities, and demonstrate significant faunal impacts of this destructive driver of landscape transformation.
A 10-Year Experiences in Pediatrics with Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: Prevalence of Preterm Birth, Delivery Methods, and the Correlation Between Preterm Birth and Delivery Type with the Development of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Authors: Ashrafi Mahmoud Reza , Kahdouei Mohammadsadegh Talebi , Badv Reza Shervin , Heidari Morteza , Zamani Gholamreza , Sohrabi Behnaz , Aghaei Fatemeh , Banitaba Fatemeh Sadat , Memar Elmira Hajiesmaeil , Rezaei Zahra 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) refers to a condition where intracranial pressure increases without an identifiable cause. If left untreated, it can become life-threatening. Identifying risk factors is crucial for timely intervention and follow-up care. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of IIH in preterm children, investigate the type of delivery, and explore the relationship between delivery type, preterm birth, and increased intracranial pressure in these patients, with the goal of identifying potential risk factors for better management and follow-up.Methods: This retrospective study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tehran Children's Medical Center and included patients diagnosed with IIH referred to the center from January 2014 to January 2024. Patient records were reviewed and categorized into four groups based on the revised Friedman criteria. Neuroimaging findings, assessed by a neuroradiologist, included empty sella, globe flattening, perioptic subarachnoid space distension, and transverse venous sinus stenosis. Demographic data, clinical symptoms, gestational age (preterm vs. term), and delivery type (NVD vs. cesarean section) were documented. Inclusion criteria required elevated lumbar CSF opening pressure with no other identifiable causes of intracranial hypertension. Written consent was obtained from all participants or their guardians.Results: In this study, 119 patients (mean age: 8.91 ± 4.26 years; 22.9% female) were examined, with an average BMI of 20.37 ± 6.06. Clinical symptoms included headaches (61.3%), nausea/vomiting (34.5%), diplopia (27.7%), and blurred vision (25.2%). Preterm births accounted for 37.81%. No significant correlations were found between CSF pressure and age, gender, BMI, symptoms, gestational age, or delivery type. Patients with papilledema were significantly older (10.05 vs. 8.40 years). Neuroimaging findings included transverse venous sinus stenosis (5.04%) and other abnormalities at low frequencies.Conclusion: This study found no significant association between the type of delivery or gestational age and the development of IIH. However, IIH prevalence was higher in patients born preterm or via cesarean section. The study suggests that reducing cesarean section and preterm birth rates could help lower IIH prevalence. Increasing natural deliveries and ensuring regular follow-ups for preterm infants may further reduce IIH incidence.
Filtering-based preconditioner for accelerated high-dimensional cone beam CT image reconstruction
Authors: Wettenhovi Ville-Veikko , Hietanen Ari , Niinimäki Kati , Vauhkonen Marko , Kolehmainen Ville 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Model-based image reconstruction algorithms are known to produce high-accuracy images but are still rarely used in cone beam computed tomography. One of the reasons for this is the computational requirements of model-based iterative algorithms, as it can take hundreds of iterations to obtain converged images. In this work, we present a measurement space-based preconditioner applied to the primal-dual hybrid gradient (PDHG) algorithm. The method is compared with the regular PDHG, FISTA, and OS-SART algorithms, as well as to a PDHG algorithm where the step-size parameters are adaptively computed. All tested algorithms utilize subsets for acceleration. The presented filtering-based preconditioner can obtain convergence in 10 iterations with 20 subsets, compared to a hundred or more iterations required by the other tested methods. The presented method is also computationally fast and has only a 15% increase in computation time per iteration compared to PDHG without the preconditioner.
Effect of Esg Performance on Portfolio Performance – a Study of Portfolios of Nifty-indexed Stocks in India
Authors: Rajan Rajeev , Sivakumar N. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Environmental Social and Governance (ESG) based investing has gained traction in the current times. In order to become popular and gain acceptance, it would be useful to show that portfolios comprising stocks of companies with higher ESG scores provide superior risk adjusted returns in comparison to portfolios created out of stocks of corporates with lower ESG scores. The current paper attempts to study this, using portfolios constructed out of stocks comprising the NIFTY index in the Indian capital market. Using a quantile approach, the study compares the risk adjusted returns of portfolios using three measures namely Sharpe ratio, Treynor ratio and Jensen’s alpha for a period of nine years from 2014-15 to 2022-23. The results show that on the overall, portfolios with stocks of companies with higher ESG ratings provide higher risk-adjusted returns compared to portfolios with stocks of companies with lower ESG scores.
JEL Classification Code: G110
Geospatial based assessment of Groundwater Potential Zones using MIF technique in a watershed of Malwa region, Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: M. Priyamvada , Awasthi M. K. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Water is a major natural resource and a key constituent of all living beings. Water is available in two introductory forms i.e. surface water and groundwater. One of the most important accumulated resources in the world is groundwater, which is inversely distributed around the world. To boost the groundwater-recharge is one of the primary hydrological parameters for assessment, budgeting, management, and modelling of ground water resources. Although information and data regarding recharge rate is vital for recharge assessment of any region, determination of this parameter is not easy and straigntforward. The current study has been conducted in northwest part of Madhya Pradesh. The Neemuch and Mandsaur district comes under semi-arid zones and faces the problem of scarcity of water annually. Thus study aims to assess the groundwater recharge zones using an integrated approach of remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS). The parameters considered for identifying the groundwater potential zone of geology, slope, drainage density, soil, geomorphology and lineament density. These thematic maps were generated using the SRTM DEM, Sentinel-2 Imaginary and Survey of India (SOI) toposheets of scale 1:50000 and integrated them to identify the groundwater potential of the study area. Appropriate weightage factors were assigned for each class of these parameters. For the various geomorphic units, weightage factors were assigned based on their capability to store ground-water using multi-influencing factor (MIF). This procedure was repeated for all the other layers and resultant layers were re-classified. After reclassification, the layers were then united to demarcate zones as very good, good, moderate, poor and very poor. The assessment of groundwater potentiality information using RS & GIS could be used for effective identification of suitable locals for birth of potable water for rural populations.
Spatial Analysis and Visualization of School Enrollment in Somaliland: A Poisson regression model
Authors: Alin Abdirahman Osman 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study examines the spatial distribution and determinants of primary school enrollment in Somaliland for the 2021/2022 academic year, using a Poisson regression model to analyze regional disparities and their relationship with school availability. The gross enrollment ratio (GER) stands at 34.03%, while the net enrollment ratio (NER) is significantly lower at 25.28%, highlighting challenges in enrolling children within the official school-age group. Results reveal substantial regional disparities in enrollment, with Maroodi-Jeex and Togdheer emerging as regions with the highest enrollments due to better access to urban educational infrastructure. Conversely, rural areas like Hawdand Xaysimo exhibit low enrollment rates, emphasizing challenges such as remoteness and limited school resources.
The Poisson regression analysis underscores a significant positive association between the number of schools and total enrollment (p<2e-16), with each additional school contributing an approximate 0.88% increase in enrollment. However, urban schools show a negative relationship with total enrollment, suggesting complex dynamics in urban-rural resource allocation. Exceedance probability analysis identifies high-demand regions, such as Maroodi-Jeex and Togdheer, as areas requiring immediate intervention to address resource shortages. Discrepancies between actual and predicted enrollment further highlight the influence of unaccounted demographic and socioeconomic factors.
This study underscores the critical role of educational infrastructure in shaping enrollment patterns across Somaliland. The findings provide actionable insights for policymakers to address regional disparities by improving access to schools in underserved rural areas and optimizing resource allocation in high-demand regions in Somaliland. The study's methodology and results contribute to broader discussions on educational equity and access in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Identification of cuproptosis-related gene CDKN2A as a molecular diagnostic target in gastric carcinoma based on transcriptomic data
Authors: Chen Guo , Zhang Wenli , Wei Di , Li Zeng , Lu Jun , Liu Wenying , Wang Lei , Lu Zifan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Gastric Carcinoma (GC) is the world’s third-highest cause of death by cancer. Cuproptosis is a newly discovered programmed cell death dependent on overload copper-induced mitochondrial respiration dysregulation. We speculated this regulatory cell death (RCD) mechanism might serve as a potential prognostic predictors and therapy for GC patients. The expression and mutation patterns of 12 cuproptosis-related genes were systematically evaluated in the GC training group. Through unsupervised clustering analysis and developing a cuproptosis-related scoring system, we further explored the relationship between cuproptosis and GC progression, prognosis, immune cell infiltration, and immunotherapy. Molecular docking was used to screen the drugs which had the best binding affinity with cuproptosis target proteins. CCK8, invasion and migration assay were used to explore the anticancer effect of the drug which binging to the cuproptosis target protein and then verify it in nudes. Our results revealed three genes (CDKN2A, GLS, and MTF1) have predictive value for the prognosis. Patients from low-CRG score group were characterized by higher immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint expression. Via molecular docking, CCK8, invasion and migration assay, saquinavir had the best binding affinity with CDKN2A,which could inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and migration of gastric carcinoma cells in vitro. Ani-mal experiment showed that saquinavir treated group had smaller volume and weight tumors. Our results confirmed the essential function of cuproptosis in regulating the progression, prognosis, immune cell infiltration, and response to immunotherapy. CDKN2A as the potential target for gastric carcinoma showed the anticancer effect in vitro and vivo.
High prevalence of EGFR R479K polymorphism in Head and Neck Cancer Patients of Indian origin and is associated with poor prognosis
Authors: Ghosh Arjita , Moorthy Anbalagan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
The Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene, is one of the most altered gene reported across various cancers. EGFR is host to several single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), like R497K. R497K is a common SNP of EGFR found in codon 497, which effects the function of the gene. HNSCC is one of the most commonly afflicted cancer found in Indian population.The current study was done to screen Indian patients suffering from Head and Neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), for this R497K SNP of EGFR. The study was performed to check the prevalence of this SNP in Indian population, and to correlate that data to the survival rates of the cohort.
Method
To screen this SNP, from HNSCC patients (n = 50), genomic DNA was extracted and polymerase chain reaction coupled with restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique was applied for screening. We re-confirmed our PCR-RFLP data with Sanger sequencing. We then used Kaplan-Meier statistical analysis to corelate between our SNP data to the survival rates of our patients.
Results
Our study found, that in our cohort 84% carried this SNP, and only 16% were wild type. Our study reports decreased survival months in both overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) observed in the patients carrying the R497K polymorphism compared to the wild type patients.
Conclusion
Our study, hence concludes that the SNP R497K of EGFR gene has high prevalence in our Indian study population, which corelates with poor prognosis for HNSCC.