bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication and application of nanosized stannic oxide for sorption of some hazardous metal ions from aqueous solutions
Authors: Eid Marwa Ahmed , Abass Mohamed Ragab , El-Kenany Wafaa Mohamed 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A batch equilibrium method was utilized to evaluate the retention of Fe(III) and Pb(II) onto stannic oxide (SnO2) nanomaterial. SnO2 was prepared by a simple precipitation method and characterized by different analytical apparatuses like FT-IR, SEM, TEM, and XRD. Scherrer’s formula and Williamson-Hall (WH) analysis were utilized to detect the crystallite size and lattice strain. The XRD and TEM data revealed that SnO2 has a nanoscale and crystalline nature. The retention study for Fe(III) and Pb(II) includes the influence of shaking time, batch factor, pH, initial concentrations, capacity, and applications. The data reveal that the maximum uptake of SnO2 was achieved at pH 2.5 and 3.7 for Fe(III) and Pb(II), respectively. SnO2 has a fast kinetic (60 min) and the reaction kinetic data obey the pseudo–second-order model. The capacity has values of 50.4 and 48.8 mg/g for Fe(III) and Pb(II), respectively. The real sample applications proved that SnO2 is an excellent sorbent for the capture of Pb(II) and Fe(III) from industrial wastewater and low-grade monazite (LGM) respectively, in addition to the capture of 59Fe radionuclide from low-level radioactive waste (LLRW).
Basic security measures for IEEE 802.11 wireless networks
Authors: Sarmiento Oscar P. , Guerrero Fabio G. , Rey Argote David 
Published: August 2022

This article presents a tutorial/discussion of three commonly-used IEEE 802.11 wireless network security standards: WEP, WPA and WPA2. A detailed analysis of the RC4 algorithm supporting WEP is presented, including its vulnerabilities. The WPA and WPA2 encryption protocols’ most relevant aspects and technical characteristics are reviewed for a comparative analysis of the three standards in terms of the security they provide. Special attention has been paid to WEP encryption by using an educational simulation tool written in C++ Builder for facilitating the understanding of this protocol at academic level. Two practical cases of wireless security configurations using Cisco networking equipment are also presented: configuring and enabling WPA-Personal and WPA2-Personal (these being security options used by TKIP and AES, respectively).
Effect of ultraviolet radiation on an asphalt mixture’s mechanical and dynamic properties
Authors: Reyes Ortíz Oscar Javier , Camacho Tauta Javier Fernando 
Published: August 2022

This research’s main goal was to determine UV radiation’s effects on a dense asphalt mixture’s mechanical and dynamic properties. Individual material components were characterised and optimum asphalt content was obtained using Marshall’s methodology. Dynamic modulus, rutting and fatigue tests were carried out using specimens previously subjected to UV radiation at different exposure times by using an aging chamber. It is worth stressing that greater UV exposure led to shorter mixture life cycles. The dynamic module increased between 90% and 132% and permanent deformation decreased by 57%, making it become a more fragile structure.
Topographical characteristics and evaluating water quality in watershed management
Authors: Tarlé Pissarra Teresa Cristina , Mazzer Rodrigues Flavia , Luna Arraes Christiano , Antonio Galbiatti João , Borges Maurício José 
Published: August 2022

Se evaluaron características topográficas y muestras de agua en un cauce de la hacienda Gloria, município Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil. Las características morfométricas del relieve y del agua fueron estudiadas en una pequeña cuenca hidrográfica, considerando zonas protegidas con bosque nativo y aquellas que presentaban uso agrícola de la tierra para ajustar la hipótesis de que el uso de ella afecta la calidad del agua y ayuda a predecir cómo se producen los cambios en este y en el local paisaje circundante. La calidad del agua fue evaluada en seis sitios y se analizaron los cambios de los parámetros físicos y químicos. Las muestras fueron recolectadas el mismo día de cada mes, durante un año, mediante un equipo de Horiba. Para determinar diferencias entre los sitios estudiados se realizó el análisis de varianza (Anova). El análisis de los datos presentó diferencias significativas de pH, conductividad eléctrica, turbidez, oxígeno disuelto y temperatura. Las características topográficas han sido influenciadas por las actividades agrícolas, impactando el medio ambiente. La escorrentía superficial es predominante en las laderas pronunciadas, sobre todo en las zonas altas de la cuenca. Los resultados indican la fragilidad de la cuenca agrícola a la exposición de contaminantes o agentes tóxicos, debido a la turbidez en el agua causada por la erosión de los suelos, la deposición de residuos agrícolas y por la escorrentía superficial.
New reliability charge incentives and structure in the Colombian electrical sector
Authors: Villareal Navarro Julio E. , Córdoba de la Rosa María Jimena 
Published: August 2022

Ensuring sector reliability has always been an important issue in electrical sector policy. However, the challenge could be even greater for hydro-dependent systems (as in the Colombian system) operating in the South-American equatorial zone, since climatic shocks such as the “el niño” phenomenon usually have a very strong impact on supply, thereby leading to market disequilibrium. Such systems thus require a very specific regulatory structure to assure generation units as “backup units'' which may generate electrical energy during critical moments. This paper examines the new reliability charge developed by the Colombian Commission for Regulating Energy and Gas (CREG), its characteristics and incentive mechanisms to ensure Colombian electrical system reliability under extreme weather condition. The new system promotes sector reliability during periods of scarcity and provides a clear incentive for new investment in backup generation. However, the instrument’s design could be improved if it included an explicit penalty for those units which do not honor their firm energy commitment. The instrument could thus encourage the non-entry of units which have either low reliability levels or speculative purposes.
Developing a press for static and dynamic testing of orthopedic devices and biological tissue
Authors: Leyton Virgen Arlex , Ballén Briceño José Daniel , Moran Perafán Richard , Casanova García Fernando , Pinedo Jaramillo Carlos Rafael , García Alvarez José Jaime 
Published: August 2022

This paper describes designing and constructing a test machine having an 1,800 N capacity and maximum 3 Hz frequency which will be used in static and dynamic testing of biological tissues and orthopedic devices such as external fixers. It consists of an octagonal base with 500 mm distance between faces and a crosshead which slides between two columns (useful 350 mm opening) thus allowing changing the height (maximum 600 mm) according to the size of the specimen to be tested. A ball screw actuator is mounted over the crosshead which transforms a servomotor’s rotating movement into a lineal movement (maximum 150 mm stroke). First validations indicated that the machine performed within the design parameters. This project shows that the technology required for supporting research is possible in developing countries thereby avoiding dependence on foreign companies for supporting, maintaining and updating equipment. Some conditions were also produced for the evolution of mechanical engineering in Colombia.
Roadmapping for improving cocoa postharvest management
Authors: Sánchez Vargas Adriana del Pilar , Castellanos Domínguez Óscar Fernando , Domínguez Martínez Karen Patricia 
Published: August 2022

This article presents the methodology and results which led to preparing post-harvesting technological development strategies for cocoa management which emerged from identifying problems such as deficient cocoa quality and insufficient fermentation of the beans according to international market requirements as shown in the poor technological development in Colombia’s main cocoa producing areas. This situation led to using a technological management tool such as roadmapping orientated towards formulating strategies for the technological development of cocoa postharvest management. The methodological process so implemented involved experts’ ongoing participation in enriching and validating results whilst four phases were implemented: performance analysis, gap analysing, structuring roadmapping and formulating cocoa postharvest technological development strategies. The results obtained in this investigation were directed towards improving Colombian cocoa sector competitiveness in internal and external markets.
A software tool for teaching and training how to build and use a TOWS matrix
Authors: Mariño Ibáñez Amparo , Cortés Aldana Félix Antonio , Garzón Ruiz Luís Alejandro 
Published: August 2022

Strategic planning is currently being used by most companies; it analyses current and expected future situations, determines company orientation and develops means or strategies for achieving their stated missions. This article is aimed at reviewing general considerations in strategic planning and presenting a computational tool designed for building a TOWS matrix for matching a company’s opportunities and threats with its weaknesses and, more especially, its strengths. The software development life cycle (SDLC) involved analysis, design, implementation and use. The literature about strategic planning and SWOT analysis was reviewed for making the analysis. The software only automates an aspect of the whole strategic planning process and can be used for improving students and staff training in SWOT analysis. This type of work seeks to motivate interdisciplinary research.
Influence of cassava genotype and composite flours’ substitution level on rheological behaviour during bread-making
Authors: Henao Osorio Sergio , Aristizábal Galvis Johanna 
Published: August 2022

Given increasing dependence on imported wheat, studies have been carried out in Colombia regarding the use of composite wheat-cassava flour in bread-making. A project was carried out from 1986-1991 in which different cassava genotypes, harvest ages, substitution levels and bread acceptability were evaluated. However, these studies did not have any effect on the baking sector because a constant supply of high quality, high volume and reasonably-priced cassava flour was lacking. Based on these studies, this work was aimed at determining the influence of three industrial cassava market genotypes (CMC-40, HMC-1, MCOL-1505), using four wheat-cassava flour composite substitution levels (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%) regarding the rheological and fermentative characteristics of dough in bread-making. Farinogram, alveogram, amylogram and falling number index analysis were analysed. Specific volume and acceptability of three types of bread (common, mold and hamburger) were evaluated. It was determined that composite flours had higher fiber and reduced sugar content than the wheat flour pattern, thereby increasing water absorption and available sugar content during fermentation. Dough development time for the composite flours was half the average required for wheat flour and the tolerance index was higher; its stability became reduced due to increased substitution levels and its firmness increased due to a rise in water absorption. Falling number values came within an acceptable range (250- 400 s). The specific volume of all bread having 5% and 10% substitution was higher than that for the pattern. The best general acceptability was assigned to common and mold type bread from all varieties and substitution levels.
Synthesising highly reactive tin oxide using Tin(II)2- ethylhexanoate polynucleation as precursor
Authors: Montenegro Hernández Alejandra , Rodríguez Páez Jorge Enrique 
Published: August 2022

Tin oxide is a widely used compound in technological applications, particularity as a catalyst, gas sensor and in making varistors, transparent conductors, electrocatalytic electrodes and photovoltaic cells. An ethylhexanoate tin salt, a carboxylic acid and poly esterification were used for synthesising highly reactive tin oxide in the present study. Synthesis was controlled by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and recording changes in viscosity. The tin oxide characteristics so obtained were determined using FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SnO2 dust synthesised and heat-treated at 550°C yielded high density aggregates, having greater than 50 μm particle size. This result demonstrates the high reactivity of the ceramic powders synthesised here.
The behaviour of a historic masonry arch bridge regarding dynamic loads
Authors: Ospina Yesid Mauricio , Paredes López Jairo Andrés , Galindo Díaz Jorge Alberto 
Published: August 2022

This article describes the analysis of a historic brick arch bridge constructed in Colombia during the 18th century for predicting its behavior in response to loads produced by seismic activity and determining its vulnerability. Two studies were carried out prior to the seismic analysis to obtain basic information regarding the structure's overall behavior (modal analysis and linear static analysis), both stemming from a three-dimensional model constructed by the finite elements method. Seismic excitation was simulated in the conditions proposed by 1998 Colombian seismic-resistant norms (NSR-98). The results obtained agreed with the bridge's history and with its response to earthquakes; the comparison between seismic loads and the resistance capacity of the materials constituting the structure confirms the vulnerability of these types of constructions regarding localised damage and the possibility of collapse. The results suggest that this procedure can be applied to other historic structures in Colombia.
Investigation of the relationship between university students' mobile gaming motivations and loneliness levels
Authors: Öz Nazlı Deniz , Üstün Ferhat 
Published: August 2022

Background and Study Aim. The aim of this study is to determine the mobile game motivations and loneliness levels of university students and to evaluate the relationship between them.
Material and Methods. In the study, the "Mobile Game Motivation Scale" developed by Üstün ve Öz and the "UCLA Loneliness Scale" developed by Russell et al and adapted to Turkish culture by Demir were used as data collection tools. 365 (Nwomen:140; Nmen:225) university students participated in the study on a voluntary basis. SPSS package program was used in the analysis of the data, and it was tested with parametric tests.
Results. As a result of the study, in favor of men in all Mobile Game Motivaton Scale and sub-dimensions according to gender, significant differences were found in the loneliness scale against those who have a higher income level than their monthly income. It can be said that the game motivation increases as the game playing time and weekly free time increase. In addition, a low level of positive correlation was found with Mobile Games Motivation Scale and UCLA Loneliness Scale.
Conclusions. The researchers conducted their studies on the concept of 'motivation', which is considered to be a major deficiency in studies in the field of social internet in general and mobile games in particular, and 'loneliness', which is accepted as a universal problem, and reached generalizable results on generation Z undergraduate students. The researchers presented a different perspective to the literature by examining the relationship between 'loneliness' and the structure they created through the sub-dimensions of Mobile Games Motivation Scale 'developmental tasks', 'escape and competition' and 'mobile flow'.
Cytokine responses to small sided games in young soccer players
Authors: Böge Veysel , Suleyman Patlar , Bekir Mehtap 
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study was to determine of cytokine responses to small-sided games (SSG) in young soccer players
This study included fourteen male soccer players (14.5± 0.6 years). Soccer players are divided into 2 groups as 3x3 and 4x4 groups. 3x3 group players played 2x6x1 minutes small-sided games in 25x20 m area and 3x6x2 minutes small-sided games in 30x25 m area for 4x4 group players. Blood samples were collected at baseline [pre-training (PRE)] and at immediately after the exercise [post-training (POST)] to measure Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor (Tnf-α), and Lactate (La) parameters. And also Heart Rate (HR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) determined both PRE and POST.
In the study, POST levels of La, IL-6, Tnf-α, HR, and RPE both in 3x3 group and in 4x4 group were found to be significantly higher than PRE (P<0.05). When the POST parameters of both groups were examined, only the Tnf-α level increased significantly in the 4x4 group (p<0.05), while no difference was found in the other parameters (p>0.05).
SSG which is acutely applied in young soccer players, both 3x3 group and 4x4 group is are similar. However with a more players can increase tnf-α released and this can effect performance as negatively in young soccer players.
EN PRENSA Urbanización del suelo en cuencas hidrográficas de la metrópoli de Guadalajara, México: entropía por escurrimientos superficiales.EN PRENSA
Authors: Flores Vilchez Fernando , Rojas Hernández Jaime Andrei , González Pérez Mario Guadalupe , Rodríguez Rodríguez Jesús 
Published: August 2022

A efecto de considerar los escenarios actuales en materia de urbanización, toma de decisiones sectoriales e implementación de planes y programas de intervención urbanoterritorial, se contrastaron las condiciones geomorfológicas de la sub-cuenca ColomosAtemajac en la metrópoli de Guadalajara en México en los periodos de 2012 y 2019, con el objetivo de determinar la variación del caudal y su relación con el proceso de urbanización y disminución de áreas de bosque y pradera. Para ello, se procesaron datos obtenidos in situ en el sistema de información geográfica Qgis; además, se utilizaron ecuaciones y métodos estándarizados en hidrología para el cálculo de los parámetros necesarios en la elaboración de hidrogramas de precipitación. Se encontró, que en 2012 se tenían 18.39km2 de bosque, 10.4 km2 de pradera y 5.7 km2 de cobertura urbanizada, y para 2019, el bosque decendió a 18.38 km2; la pradera a 9.4 km2 y la cobertura urbanizada se incrementó a 6.8 km2. La información fue conceptualizada desde el modelo sistémico EntropíaHomeostasis-Negentropía; una derivación ampliada del modelo Presión-Estado-Respuesta de la Organización para la Cooperación y Desarrollo Económico. El ejercicio concluye, que la actual infraestructura hidráulica no satisface los regímenes de caudales y los escurrimientos superficiales superan la capacidad de retención y transporte; por tanto, anualmente terminan inundándose no sólo las mismas zonas urbanas, sino nuevas zonas que han sustituido su cobertura de suelo.
Diseases of pulp-periodontal complex associated with different directions between systems disorders
Authors: Ashurov Gayur G. , Imomova Farkhunda Z. , Karimov Safarakhmad M. 
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND: Caries complications (pulpitis and periodontitis) alongside caries remained the most widespread pathology on dentistry dispensary acceptance. This is a study of the disease structure of the pulp and periodontal for dentistry patients with intersystem disorders.
AIM: To improve the treatment methods of pulp-periodontal defeats for patients with between system disorders
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective study included 568 dispensaries of the cards using the casual sample dentistry patient with different directions between system disorders (main group), and 570 dispensaries of the cards patient without somatic pathology (group of the comparison) primarily addressing employees of therapeutic dentistry department. Patients with between systems disorders were chosen following the World Health Organization recommendation, defining the given group as a contingent on the high risk for dentistry level health estimation of somatic patients.
RESULTS: Among examined contingent, the prevalence of pulp inflammation was determined in 209 (36.8%) events of 568 addresses. Prevalence of chronic periodontitis was determined in 183 (32.2%) events of 586 addresses.
CONCLUSIONS: The interconnection pulp-periodontal disease complex analysis discovered the reliable correlation between pulpitis and periodontitis between the compared groups.
Uso Racional de Medicamentos para COVID-19 na Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Tritany Rafael Fernandes , Tritany Érika Fernandes 
Published: August 2022

Até momento, a falta de alternativa terapêutica eficaz para tratamento da COVID-19 tem favorecido o uso, em todos os níveis de atenção em saúde, de diversos medicamentos off-label, mesmo sem evidências de sua eficácia e o controle dos riscos que possam gerar à saúde dos indivíduos, podendo configurar práticas de saúde iatrogênicas. Na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), por ser a principal porta de entrada para casos leves e intermediários de COVID-19, o debate e articulação de estratégias que promovam o Uso Racional de Medicamentos é central. Assim, pretendemos discutir sobre as consequências do uso off-label de medicamentos, as contribuições dos serviços farmacêuticos e da prevenção quaternária à APS no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19. Nesse contexto, intervenções não farmacológicas individuais e comunitárias são de suma importância, bem como a implementação de estratégias de educação em saúde à população e educação permanente aos profissionais de saúde, com vistas a elucidar os riscos inerentes ao uso de medicamentos sem evidências científicas e qualificar as prescrições na perspectiva do uso racional de medicamentos no contexto da APS.
Implantação de um serviço de teletriagem para atendimento de casos suspeitos de COVID-19: relato de experiência
Authors: Tomasi Cristiane Damiani , Arent Camila Orlandi , Generoso Lisiane Tuon , Da Rosa Maria Inês , Ceretta Luciane Bisognin , Ceretta Renan Antonio 
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: O objetivo desse artigo é apresentar um relato de experiência sobre a implantação de um serviço de teletriagem para orientação da população sobre COVID-19. Métodos: O Programa SOS UNESC – Covid-19 é um serviço ofertado pela Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, localizada em Criciúma/SC. Consiste em um serviço de triagem referenciada virtual, que utiliza uma plataforma de mensagens instantâneas para tirar dúvidas e dar encaminhamentos adequados às demandas relacionadas a COVID-19 à população da região sul catarinense. Resultados: Durante o período entre 23 de março a 14 de maio de 2020 foram realizados 1.337 autoatendimentos e atendimentos por residentes e/ou médicos, prestados a mais de 20 cidades catarinenses. Além disso, tem estabelecido um canal de comunicação com a comunidade, transmitindo informações com credibilidade e segurança. Conclusões: O uso da tecnologia se mostra eficiente ao ofertar informação correta e segura à população. É uma ferramenta importante para manutenção da população em suas casas, com acesso a profissionais de saúde, permitindo-lhes decidir com segurança a necessidade de procura de um serviço de saúde presencialmente. Ferramentas como o SOS UNESC COVID-19 apoiam a gestão do cuidado e enfrentamento da pandemia.