bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AS CÔNICAS E SUAS CONSTRUÇÕES GEOMÉTRICAS
Authors: Silva Sarley de Araújo , Carvalho Josimauro Borges de 
Published: February 2022

A Geometría das cónicas está presente em diversas áreas do conhecimento, seja nas engenharías, nos elementos da natureza em objetos geométricos do cotidiano. O objetivo deste trabalho e confeccionar figuras geométricas com materiais concretos como recurso pedagógico a partir da definição, com o intuito de tornar mais significativa e presente as cônicas geométricas: parábola, elipse e hipérbole na sala de aula, valorizando os saberes anteriores dos educandos, proporcionando-lhes o raciocínio geométrico e matemático. Na realização desta temática foi utilizado o método dedutivo e a pesquisa-ação. Os resultados mostram que o uso de material concreto como recurso pedagógico facilita o processo de ensino e aprendizagem em geometria das cônicas promovendo o raciocínio e o desenvolvimento do aluno. Portanto, concluí-se que as atividades com materiais manipuláveis seguindo regras matemáticas contribui na construção do conhecimento.
The Fires, Asian, and Stratospheric Transport–Las Vegas Ozone Study (FAST-LVOS)
Authors: Langford Andrew O. , Senff Christoph J. , Alvarez II Raul J. , Aikin Ken C. , Baidar Sunil , Bonin Timothy A. , Brewer W. Alan , Brioude Jerome , Brown Steven S. , Burley Joel D. , Caputi Dani J. , Conley Stephen A. , Cullis Patrick D. , Decker Zachary C. J. , Evan Stéphanie , Kirgis Guillaume , Lin Meiyun , Pagowski Mariusz , Peischl Jeff , Petropavlovskikh Irina , Pierce R. Bradley , Ryerson Thomas B. , Sandberg Scott P. , Sterling Chance W. , Weickmann Ann M. , Zhang Li 
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The Fires, Asian, and Stratospheric Transport–Las Vegas Ozone Study (FAST-LVOS) was conducted in May and June of 2017 to
study the transport of ozone (O3) to Clark County, Nevada, a marginal
non-attainment area in the southwestern United States (SWUS). This 6-week (20 May–30 June 2017) field campaign used lidar, ozonesonde, aircraft, and
in situ measurements in conjunction with a variety of models to characterize
the distribution of O3 and related species above southern Nevada and
neighboring California and to probe the influence of stratospheric
intrusions and wildfires as well as local, regional, and Asian pollution on surface
O3 concentrations in the Las Vegas Valley (≈ 900 m above sea level, a.s.l.). In this paper, we describe the FAST-LVOS campaign and present
case studies illustrating the influence of different transport processes on
background O3 in Clark County and southern Nevada. The companion paper
by Zhang et al. (2020) describes the use of the AM4 and GEOS-Chem global
models to simulate the measurements and estimate the impacts of transported
O3 on surface air quality across the greater southwestern US and
Intermountain West. The FAST-LVOS measurements found elevated O3 layers above Las Vegas on more than 75 % (35 of 45) of the sample days and show that entrainment of these layers contributed to mean 8 h average regional
background O3 concentrations of 50–55 parts per billion by volume
(ppbv), or about 85–95 µg m−3. These high background
concentrations constitute 70 %–80 % of the current US National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) of 70 ppbv (≈ 120 µg m−3 at 900 m a.s.l.) for the daily maximum 8 h average (MDA8) and will make attainment of the more stringent standards of 60 or 65 ppbv currently being considered
extremely difficult in the interior SWUS.
Limitations of assuming internal mixing between different aerosol species: a case study with sulfate geoengineering simulations
Authors: Visioni Daniele , Tilmes Simone , Bardeen Charles , Mills Michael , MacMartin Douglas G. , Kravitz Ben , Richter Jadwiga H. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Simulating the complex aerosol microphysical processes in a comprehensive Earth system model can be very computationally intensive; therefore many models utilize a modal approach, where aerosol size distributions are represented by observation-derived lognormal functions, and internal mixing between different aerosol species within an aerosol mode is often assumed. This approach has been shown to yield satisfactory results across a large array of applications, but there may be cases where the simplification in this approach may produce some shortcomings. In this work we show specific conditions under which the current approximations used in some modal approaches might yield incorrect answers. Using results from the Community Earth System Model v1 (CESM1) Geoengineering Large Ensemble (GLENS) project, we analyze the effects in the troposphere of a continuous increasing load of sulfate aerosols in the stratosphere, with the aim of counteracting the surface warming produced by non-mitigated increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations between 2020–2100. We show that the simulated results pertaining to the evolution of sea salt and dust aerosols in the upper troposphere are not realistic due to internal mixing assumptions in the modal aerosol treatment, which in this case reduces the size, and thus the settling velocities, of those particles and ultimately changes their mixing ratio below the tropopause. The unnatural increase of these aerosol species affects, in turn, the simulation of upper tropospheric ice formation, resulting in an increase in ice clouds that is not due to any meaningful physical mechanisms. While we show that this does not significantly affect the overall results of the simulations, we point to some areas where results should be interpreted with care in modeling simulations using similar approximations: in particular, in the evolution of upper tropospheric clouds when large amounts of sulfate are present in the stratosphere, as after a large explosive volcanic eruption or in similar stratospheric aerosol injection cases. Finally, we suggest that this can be avoided if sulfate aerosols in the coarse mode, the predominant species in these situations, are treated separately from other aerosol species in the model.
Comment on “Short-cut transport path for Asian dust directly to the Arctic: a case Study” by Huang et al. (2015) in Environ. Res. Lett.​​​​​​​
Authors: Ranjbar Keyvan , O'Neill Norm T. , Aboel-Fetouh Yasmin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The suggestion of Huang et al. (2015) on the climatological-scale transport
of Asian dust to the Arctic appears to be an important and worthwhile
assertion. It is unfortunate that the authors undermined, to a certain
degree, the quality of that assertion by a misinterpretation of the critical
24 March 2010​​​​​​​ Arctic event (which was chosen by the authors to illustrate
their generalized, climatological-scale Arctic transport claim). They
attempted to characterize that key event using AERONET/AEROCAN retrievals
taken a day later and misinterpreted those largely cloud-dominated
retrievals as being representative of Asian dust while apparently not
recognizing that the coarse-mode aerosol optical depth retrievals on the previous day were actually coherent with their Arctic transport hypothesis.
Homogenized century-long surface incident solar radiation over Japan
Authors: Ma Qian , Wang Kaicun , He Yanyi , Su Liangyuan , Wu Qizhong , Liu Han , Zhang Youren 
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Surface incident solar radiation (Rs) plays a key role in climate change on Earth. Rs can be directly measured, and it shows substantial variability on decadal scales, i.e. global dimming and brightening. Rs can also be derived from the observed sunshine duration (SunDu) with reliable accuracy. The SunDu-derived Rs has been used as a reference to detect and adjust inhomogeneity in the observed Rs. However, both the observed Rs and SunDu-derived Rs may have inhomogeneity. In Japan, SunDu has been measured since 1890, and Rs has been measured
since 1961 at ∼100 stations. In this study, the observed Rs and SunDu-derived Rs were first checked for inhomogeneity independently using the statistical software RHtests. If confirmed by the metadata of these observations, the detected inhomogeneity was adjusted based on the
RHtests quantile-matching method. Second, the two homogenized time series
were compared to detect further possible inhomogeneity. If confirmed by the
independent ground-based manual observations of cloud cover fraction, the
detected inhomogeneity was adjusted based on the reference dataset. As a
result, a sharp decrease of more than 20 W m−2 in the observed
Rs from 1961 to 1975 caused by instrument displacement was detected and adjusted. Similarly, a decline of about 20 W m−2 in SunDu-derived
Rs due to steady instrument replacement from 1985 to 1990 was detected and adjusted too. After homogenization, the two estimates of Rs agree well. The homogenized SunDu-derived Rs show an increased at a rate of 0.9 W m−2 per decade (p<0.01) from 1961 to 2014, which was
caused by a positive aerosol-related radiative effect (2.2 W m−2 per decade) and a negative cloud cover radiative effect (−1.4 W m−2 per decade). The brightening over Japan was the strongest in spring, likely due to a significant decline in aerosol transported from Asian dust storms. The observed raw Rs data and their homogenized time series used in this study are available at https://doi.org/10.11888/Meteoro.tpdc.271524 (Ma et al., 2021).
Computation of backwater effects in surface waters of lowland catchments including control structures – an efficient and re-usable method implemented in the hydrological open-source model Kalypso-NA (4.0)
Authors: Hellmers Sandra , Fröhle Peter 
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Backwater effects in surface water streams and on
adjacent lowland areas caused by mostly complex drainage and flow control
structures are not directly computed with hydrological approaches yet. A
solution to this weakness in hydrological modelling is presented in this
article. The developed method enables transfer of discharges into water
levels and calculation of backwater volume routing along streams and adjacent
lowland areas by balancing water level slopes. The implemented and evaluated
method extends the application of hydrological models for rainfall–runoff
simulations of backwater-affected catchments with the advantages of (1)
modelling complex flow control systems in tidal backwater-affected lowlands,
(2) less effort to parameterise river streams, (3) directly defined input
factors of driving forces (climate change and urbanisation) and (4) runtime
reduction of 1 to 2 orders of magnitude in comparison to coupled
hydrodynamic models. The developed method is implemented in the open-source
rainfall–runoff model Kalypso-NA (4.0). Evaluation results show the
applicability of the model for simulating rainfall–runoff regimes and
backwater effects in an exemplary lowland catchment (Hamburg, Germany) with
a complex flow control system and where the drainage is influenced by a
tidal range of about 4 m. The proposed method is applicable to answer a wide
scope of hydrological and water management questions, e.g. water balances,
flood forecasts and effectiveness of flood mitigation measures. It is
re-usable to other hydrological numerical models, which apply conceptual
hydrological flood-routing approaches (e.g. Muskingum–Cunge or
Kalinin–Miljukov).
Complexity analysis of interior point methods for convex quadratic programming based on a parameterized Kernel function
Authors: Boudjellal Nawel , Roumili Hayet , Benterki Djamel 
Published: February 2022

The kernel functions play an important role in the amelioration of the computational complexity of algorithms. In this paper, we present a primal-dual interior-point algorithm for solving convex quadratic programming based on a new parametric kernel function. The proposed kernel function is not logarithmic and not self-regular. We analysis a large and small-update versions which are based on a new kernel function. We obtain the best known iteration bound for large-update methods, which improves signicantly the so far obtained complexity results. Thisresult is the rst to reach this goal.
The First-Century Inscription of Quintus Sulpicius Maximus: An Initial Catalog of Lexical Parallels with the New Testament
Authors: Wright Brian J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study is an examination of a first-century funerary monument. The study begins by describing the monument, supplying the bilingual inscription, and offering an English translation. From there, the study examines the monument in relation to the NT by way of lexical parallels. I argue that the broad lexical overlap between this inscription and the NT enhances our understanding of lexicography in the first century AD, while possibly shedding light on many important words, passages, and larger portions of the canonical NT. By offering a modest collection of parallels, this study also highlights the importance of incorporating additional types of evidence for understanding the socioreligious environment during the time of the NT.
Did Jehu Destroy Baal from Israel? A Contextual Reading of Jehu's Revolt
Authors: King Andrew M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract2 Kings 10:28 says unequivocally, “and so Jehu destroyed Baal from Israel.” This declaration has factored significantly into several reconstructions of Israelite religion in the 9th-8th centuries BCE. Some scholars argue that an established Baal cult was wholly absent from Israel following Jehu's purge. These scholars must then reinterpret the Baal polemics of Hos 2 as indicating something other than religious defection. This approach, however, misses important contextual data when considered within a broader ancient Near Eastern setting. This article argues that the Jehu narrative employs several stereotyped motifs present in Assyrian Royal Inscriptions (divine election, characterization of the enemy, chaos vs. order, exaggerated rhetoric and violence) as an understood means of legitimizing Jehu's reign. When these factors are identified, the rhetorical nature of the biblical author's language comes into focus. Thus, a face-value reading misses important textual indicators. Though Jehu dealt a major blow to the established Baal cult in the 9th century BCE, the language of the text accounts for its continuation.
The Past as Threat and Hope: Reading Joshua with Numbers
Authors: Wray Beal Lissa M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn the narrative of the Transjordanian altar in Josh 22, a perceived threat against Israel is presented and overcome. The chapter is literarily connected to Num 13–14 and 32. While historical-critical methods might attribute such connections to a Priestly source, this article works with the canonical text and a literary method to explore these intertextual connections. Extending the exploration throughout the book of Joshua, it demonstrates these literary resonances contribute to significant themes in Joshua. This article addresses two questions: how Num 13–14 and 32 shape the message of Josh 22 and the book's epilogue (chs. 22–24) and whether Num 13–14 and 32 function similarly in Joshua as they do in Numbers. It concludes that Num 13–14 and 32 profoundly shape the message of Josh 22 and Joshua's epilogue, showing Israel's future is open to hope of promises fulfilled, as well as the possibility of failure and sin.
How Facilitating Trade would Benefit Trade in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Seck Abdoulaye 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Despite a significant trade expansion that has been above the world average in the recent period, Sub-Saharan Africa still remains relatively marginalized in the world trading system. This paper sets out to analyze the extent to which various elements of the trade cost landscape in the sub-continent may have contributed to shape trade patterns both within the region and with the outside world. Different trade facilitation measures such as border efficiency, physical infrastructure, regulatory environment, information and communication technology, and the World Bank's Logistics Performance Index are related to bilateral trade flows in a gravity framework. The study finds, based on the Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood estimation, that raising (raising) the quality of the trading environment of (the subcontinent) the sub-continent to the level of the world average would generate significant export gains that amount to reducing bilateral geographical distance by between 1.7 to 10.1 percent or cutting ad valorem tariff by between 1.4 and 10.2 percentage-points. The extent of the gains varies greatly across the trade facilitation measures, commodity sectors, export destinations, as well as which trading partner undertakes the corresponding reforms. These results offer a strong basis for designing targeted trade facilitation reforms that would improve Africa's international trade position in the wake of the recent success of WTO's trade negotiations.
The Comparative African Economics of Inclusive Development and Military Expenditure in Fighting Terrorism
Authors: Asongu Simplice , Tchamyou Vanessa , Asongu Ndemaze , Tchamyou Nina 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study investigates the role of inclusive human development and military expenditure in fighting terrorism in 53 African countries for the period 1998-2012. The empirical evidence is based on contemporary, non-contemporary and instrumental variable Fixed Effects regressions. Inclusive development is not a sufficient condition for the fight against terrorism whereas military expenditure can be effectively employed to mitigate the phenomenon. Significant negative effects are established only when endogeneity is accounted for by means of non-contemporary and instrumental-variables approaches. Hence, the policy effectiveness of employed tools is contingent on whether they are engaged proactively (i.e. non-contemporarily) or not. From the findings, the propensity of military expenditure to fight transnational terrorism is higher in: (i) middle income countries vis-à-vis their low income counterparts; (ii) oil-rich countries compared to oil-poor countries and (iii) Christian-dominated countries vis-à-vis their Islam-oriented counterparts. Furthermore military expenditure is also more effective at combating domestic and transnational terrorism in: (i) North African countries vis-à-vis their sub-Saharan Africa counterparts; (ii) landlocked countries compared to countries that are open to the sea and (iii) politically-stable countries vis-à-vis their politically-unstable counterparts. Contributions to the comparative economics are discussed. Practical and theoretical contributions are also provided.
The Cost Effectiveness of Family Planning Services in Uganda
Authors: Ssewanyana Sarah , Kasirye Ibrahim 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAlthough Uganda has devoted an increasing amount of resources to health interventions, funding for reproductive health services as well as general health sector remains inadequate. This study examines the cost effectiveness of four family planning interventions, namely, oral contraception, female sterilization, injectables, and condoms. Using the 2006 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey and the Uganda National Household Survey data we estimate cost effectiveness ratios in relation to the number of births averted for women aged 15-49 years. We find that only one out of five women using some form of contraceptive and a quarter of the women using contraceptives rely on traditional methods that are less effective in preventing child births. With regard to efficiency, we find that injectables are the most cost effective intervention. Nonetheless, we do not recommend solely targeting women in the reproductive age category with this particular method of contraception without due regard to differences in physiology and socioeconomic characteristics.
Household Economic Well-being and Child Health in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Mwisha-Kasiwa Janvier 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the effects of economic wellbeing of households on child health in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) using data from the Demographic and Health Survey for 2014. A series of econometric tools are used to estimate the effects. The control function approach is shown to be the most appropriate estimation method. The results show that an increase in household economic wellbeing reduces child malnutrition. It is also found that younger children are more likely to be underweight, and that birth weight is a significant determinant of nutritional status up to age five. The main policy implication of the paper is that creation of jobs and other economic opportunities would enhance child health in DRC via improvements in living conditions.
Determinants of Neonatal and Under-five Mortality in Kenya: Do Antenatal and Skilled Delivery Care Services Matter?
Authors: Machio Phyllis Mumia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Kenya lags behind its East Africa partners in reducing childhood mortality. Childhood mortality can be prevented or reduced if women have access to quality care during conception, pregnancy, and in intra-partum and post-natal periods. In Kenya, few women use adequate antenatal care services and many still deliver at home. Using the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey data, this study investigates the effects of adequate use of antenatal and skilled delivery care services on neonatal and under-five mortality. Two-stage residual inclusion and control function approaches are used. The main finding is that adequate antenatal care and skilled assistance during delivery reduce neonatal and under-five mortality. Thus, policies that promote use of maternal health services such as increasing women's education and reducing average distances to health facilities should be implemented.
Persistence of Child Malnutrition in Malawi: Explanations from Demographic and Health Surveys
Authors: Kumchulesi Grace 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Although improvement of children's nutrition in Malawi has long been a key policy issue, child malnutrition problem in the country remains serious. This paper set out to understand why child malnutrition in Malawi has remained persistently high over the years. The study focuses on child stunting and underweight. Datasets from Malawi's DHS for 1992, 2000, 2004 and 2010 were used to investigate this problem. The main finding is that stunting was most prevalent in 2000 and 2004 but child underweight was prominent throughout the period. The reason for this persistence is that the factors that contribute to child malnutrition did not change significantly since 1992. Policies that can change this situation are suggested.
A Model for Gender Analysis with Informal Production and Financial Sectors
Authors: Bayraktar Nihal , Fofack Hippolyte 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper presents an Overlapping Generations Model of economic development for gender and growth analysis in a low-income country environment. In addition to the formal sector the model considers informal production, which in the absence of barriers to entry, accounts for an increasingly large share of aggregated output in Sub-Saharan Africa. The model also accounts for financial market imperfections and its disproportionately larger adverse effects on women's access to credit. Policy experiments derived from an application of the model to Burkina Faso yield interesting results. In particular, a reduction in the cost of borrowing, increased women's bargaining power and higher public spending on education are growth-enhancing. Empirical evidence from the model shows that these policies are also welfare-enhancing and growth-inclusive as they tend to narrow gender gaps in economic well-being and strengthen women's economic empowerment.