bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Malignancy and PSMA-expression of Uncertain Bone Lesions in [18F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT for Prostate Cancer- a Single Centre Experience of PET-guided Biopsies
Authors: Afshar-Oromieh Ali , Vollnberg Bernd , Alberts Ian , Genitsch Vera , Rominger Axel 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Uncertain bone lesions (UBL) with intensive radiopharmaceutical avidity are frequently observed in patients undergoing [18F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT for the detection of prostate cancer (PC). Such lesions can pose diagnostic conundrums and risk an incorrect staging. The aim of this short communication is to share the results of PET-guided biopsies of such lesions. Methods: A retrospective analysis revealed 10 patients who were referred to our department for PET-guided biopsy of UBL visible in a previous [18F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT. [18F]-PSMA-1007 PET-guided biopsy was conducted for 11 PSMA-avid bone lesions in these 10 patients. The biopsy materials were analysed for tissue typing and immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed for prostate-specific-membrane-antigen (PSMA) expression. The scans were analysed by two experienced physicians in a consensus read for clinical characteristics and radiopharmaceutical uptake of lesions. Results: 1/11 (9.1%) of the lesions biopsied was confirmed as bone metastasis of PC with intense PSMA-expression while 10/11 (90.9%) lesions were revealed to be unremarkable bone tissue without evidence of PSMA-expression at IHC. Amongst all bone lesions assessed by biopsy, eight were visually classified as being at high risk of malignancy in the PET/CT (SUVmean 12.0 ± 8.1; SUVmax 18.8 ± 13.1), three as equivocal (SUVmean 4.6 ± 2.1; SUVmax 7.2 ± 3.0) and zero as low risk. No UBL had any CT correlate. Conclusions: In this cohort biopsy revealed that a small but relevant number of UBL are true metastases. For those confirmed as benign, no PSMA-expression at IHC was observed, suggesting a non-PSMA mediated cause for intensive [18F]PSMA-1007-uptake of which the reason remains unclear. Readers must interpret such lesions with caution in order to reduce the risk of erroneous staging and subsequent treatment. PET-guided biopsy, particularly in the absence of morphological changes in the CT, can be a useful method to clarify such lesions.
Higher Versus Lower Oxygenation Strategies in The General Intensive Care Unit Population: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Authors: Wal L.I. van der , Grim C.C.A. , Westerloo D.J. van , Schultz M.J. , de Jonge E. , Helmerhorst H.J.F. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundOxygen therapy is vital in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, but it is indistinct whether higher or lower oxygen targets are favorable with regards to patient centered outcomes. Our aim was to systematically evaluate the findings of randomized controlled trials (RTCs) comparing higher and lower oxygen therapy strategies in mechanically ventilated patients.MethodsA meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis of RCTs published between 2015 and 2021 was conducted. Electronic databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science were systematically searched. Publications comparing the effects of higher or lower oxygen therapy in adult ICU patients were eligible. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. The primary outcome was mortality at day 90; secondary outcomes include serious adverse events (SAE), ICU and hospital length of stay and support-free days.ResultsWe included nine RCTs enrolling 5807 patients. No significant difference was observed for mortality at day 90. A significantly lower odds ratio (OR) was found for SAEs, favoring lower oxygenation (OR 0.86 [0.77, 0.96], P=0.009). Our meta-regression analysis shows that the effect sizes for 90-day mortality may be influenced by both the between-group difference in achieved oxygenation and the severity of hyperoxia in the higher group (ß=-0.0022, P=0.1).ConclusionIn the general ICU population, there was no significant difference in 90-day mortality between higher and lower oxygenation strategies. However, a lower incidence of serious adverse events was found for the lower oxygenation groups. These findings may have clinical implications for practice guidelines, yet it remains of paramount importance to continue conducting clinical trials, ideally comparing groups with a clinically relevant contrast for specific patient groups.Trial registrationThe protocol of this study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021286372).
The Adaptive Force of Healthy Young Women Is Influenced by Emotionally Affective Imaginations
Authors: Schaefer Laura V , Dech Silas , Wolff Lara L , Bittmann Frank N 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Emotionally affective imaginations influence the Adaptive Force (AF) in healthy participants as was recently shown. The AF describes the neuromuscular holding capacity, suggested to be especially vulnerable for interfering inputs. The present study investigated the influence of neutral, pleasant, and unpleasant food imaginations on the manually assessed AF objectified by a handheld device of elbow and hip flexors in 12 healthy participants with improved design. Muscle lengthening started on a significantly lower maximal isometric AF (AFisomax) during unpleasant vs. neutral/pleasant imaginations (AFisomax/AFmax = 59 ± 22 % vs. 98 ± 5 %, p < 0.001), whereby oscillations (AFosc) occurred mainly after AFisomax (AFosc/AFisomax= 188 ± 121 % vs. 75 ± 16%). Thus, healthy participants show an impaired holding function due to negative imaginations. Assuming this leads to joint destabilization, musculoskeletal complaints might result. It could support understanding the causal chain of linked pain and mental issues. A case example (current stress vs. positive imaginations) will be presented, underpinning the hypothesis this approach might support psychomotor diagnostics and therapeutics.
Elucidating the genetic effect of vitamin D on mesenchymal stem cell differentiation in vitro
Authors: Saedi Ahmed Al , Debruin Danielle A , Hayes Alan , Kremer Richard , Duque Gustavo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The active form of vitamin D (1, Alpha 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3; [1α,25(OH)2D3]) is associated with multiple cellular processes, including bone formation. Severe vitamin D deficiency (as defined by serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D <30nmol/L) typically results in growth retardation, rickets and osteomalacia. Conversely, 1α,25-(OH)2D3 treatment demonstrates anabolic effects on bone, which could be explained via its action on differentiating mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). This study investigated the effect of 1α,25-(OH)2D3 on osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of human MSCs (hMSC). We examined 12,000 human genes and expressed sequence tags on the array Human Genome U95A via Affymetrix DNA array. We confirmed genes with higher and lower expression by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. We found that differentiating hMSC treated with 1α,25-(OH)2D3 exhibited a significantly higher expression of distinct osteogenic genes (CYP24A1, DSP, FBLN2, HYAL3, MN1 and TBCD) and adipogenic genes (Fibulin 2 [FBLN2], DSP and G0S2) when compared to undifferentiating hMSCs. In addition, FBLN2 showed a significantly higher expression when treated with 1α,25-(OH)2D3 in both adipogenic and osteogenic conditions. Meanwhile, CYP24A1, which is associated with 1α,25-(OH)2D3 degradation, had reduced expression in adipogenic compared to osteogenic and MSCs growth media. In summary, our gene array analysis identified a direct effect of 1α,25-(OH)2D3 on a set of genes required for hMSCs differentiation, thus improving our understanding of the effect of the active form on vitamin D on bone metabolism.
Fiscal policy, uncertainty and output growth in Uganda: 1980-2020
Authors: SSEBULIME KURAYISH , Mukisa Ibrahim , Muvawala Joseph 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Does uncertainty necessarily change the way in which fiscal policy affects output growth in Uganda? We provide an empirical response to this fundamental question using the latest datasets and a rigorous econometric practice. Fiscal policy is often manipulated in many countries as one of the means to provide counter-cyclical stimulus over the cycle of uncertainties. Indeed, fiscal policy operations frequently vary with uncertainty sequence and this introduces bidirectional interactions between fiscal policy, uncertainty and output growth. Using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model, we show that tax revenue and expenditure are the most affected fiscal policy measures in the presence of uncertainty, while borrowing is the least affected both in the short and long-run. Therefore, unless government macroeconomic frameworks fully incorporate economic uncertainties into projections, the fragility of rising global and domestic uncertainty is bound to cause large and significant divergencies between the anticipated and the actual growth outturn. We therefore recommend the need to use borrowing avenue in the most optimal means to stimulate and sustain growth. While tax revenues have proved to spur growth both in the short and the long-run, the impact is bound to shrink in the face of uncertainty.
Fractionated Gamma Knife Radiosurgery Combined with Ommaya Reservoir Implantation for Large Cystic Brain Metastases.
Authors: Noda Ryuichi , Akabane Atsuya , Kawashima Mariko , Oshima Akito , Tsunoda Sho , Segawa Masafumi , Inoue Tomohiro 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Large cystic brain metastases are relatively rare and are not good candidates for stereotactic radiosurgery. Stereotactic aspiration followed by Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) is a reasonable and effective management strategy. However, even with aspiration, the target lesion tends to exceed the dimensions of an ideal target for stereotactic radiosurgery. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of frameless fractionated GKRS (f-GKRS) for large cystic brain metastases with cyst aspiration using Ommaya reservoir implantation. Methods: Between May 2018 and April 2021, eight consecutive patients with nine lesions were treated with f-GKRS in five or ten sessions after cyst aspiration. The aspiration was repeated as needed throughout the treatment course to maintain the cyst size and shape. The patient characteristics, radiologic tumor response, and clinical course were reviewed using medical records. The mean follow-up duration was 10.2 months (2–28 months). Results: The mean pre-GKRS volume and maximum diameter were 16.7 mL (5–55.8 mL) and 39.0 mm (31–79 mm), respectively, and the mean tumor volume reduction achieved by aspiration was 55.4%. The tumor volume decreased for all lesions, and symptoms were alleviated in all patients. The median overall survival was 10.0 months, and the estimated one-year survival rate was 41.7% (95% CI: 10.9–70.8%). The local tumor control rate was 100%. No irradiation-related adverse events were observed. Conclusions: Ommaya reservoir implantation and aspiration followed by frameless f-GKRS is a less invasive, effective, and safe method, and should be considered as a management option for large cystic brain metastases.
ICS approach for Implementing Data Logging in Agent Interaction Systems from Remote Locations
Authors: S Manikandan , M Chinnadurai 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Design a complex Agent Interaction system by behavior, operations and method for monitoring Data Logging in Remote Location can be tedious and time consuming. The simulation environments are desired factor and platform for investigating complex agent systems. Such environments are used to conduct various experiments on a variety of information such as localization, perception, communication and knowledge representation. Many of these systems are transferred the information to the agent by intelligent behavior and data logging procedure. We build an intelligent agent to measure the data logging from various remote locations by getting log information by using own objectives, operations, relationships and knowledge. The four methods are used to collect or process data logging from various locations. i. Number of request is injected from various effects based on time period. ii. The intelligent behavior are noticed based on constraints and limit characteristics. iii. Each log is climbed based on time factor and behavioral operations and the logs are recorded. iv. Both the numbers of nodes are traversed and variation of each node relationship collected. By utilizing the comparison in each location values are monitored by different cases. The relationship betweeneach climbed information are collected and estimated by using tracking control agents and simulation results are provided to verify effective implementation.
Molecular Detection of CCR5 D32 Allele Gene Among Discordant HIV- Infected Couples in Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Authors: Danboyi Daniel Abba 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

Discordance is a situation where one partner is HIV positive while the other remains negative within couples and the CCR5 D32 gene is the mutant variant of the CCR5 wt. fusion protein which confers resistance to HIV infection. The research was conducted for molecular detection of CCR5 D32 allele gene in discordant HIV- infected couples in Kaduna State Nigeria. The objective of the research was to establish the incidence of discordance among HIV infected couples in Kaduna state and to determine the frequency of CCR5 D32 mutant allele gene among discordant HIV- infected couples. Existing literature has it that HIV discordance is low in several communities and CCR5 mutation is very rare in Africa; this underscores the need to establish the real situation in Nigeria.
Methods

A total of 158 couples and 317 individuals were recruited for the survey using a Stratified sampling technique. The 23Local Government Areas of Kaduna State were divided into 3 strata (senatorial Zones). These respondents accessed treatment at 9 HIV treatment centers in 9 Local Government Areas of the 23Local Government Areas of Kaduna State. Blood test was conducted to confirm their HIV status and ensure they were discordant couples. Blood samples of negative partners were analyzed using Primers of CCR5 gene in the molecular laboratory.
Results

The results showed that more women 105(33.12%) were HIV positive, and the HIV discordance prevalence for Kaduna State determined at 0.2%. The results also showed from gel electrophoresis, that the frequency of CCR5 D32 allele gene in the population was 1.3%, and there was no correlation between HIV discordance and CCR5 D32 allele gene- they both occur independently.
Conclusions

Low incidence of CCR5 D32 gene (1.3%) was discovered within the population studied. However, high presence of this gene variant in the population would have been a starting point in the research for the ultimate goal of finding a final solution in the treatment of HIV- AIDS. It is hereby recommended that more research be conducted in other states of Nigeria, and other African countries to ascertain the present status of the frequency of CCR5 D32 allele gene.
Accuracy and Social Incentives Shape Belief in (Mis)Information
Authors: Rathje Steve , Bavel Jay Van , Linden Sander van der 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Liberals and conservatives are divided in their judgements about the accuracy of true and false news. Yet it is unclear whether this partisan divide reflects genuine differences in knowledge, or whether it can be overcome if people are motivated to be accurate. Across three experiments (n = 2,381), we motivated participants to be accurate by giving them a small financial incentive to provide correct responses about the veracity of news headlines. This incentive improved accuracy and reduced partisan bias in belief in news headlines – especially for conservative participants. Increasing social motivations, however, decreased accuracy. Replicating prior work, conservatives were substantially less accurate than liberals at discerning true from false headlines. Yet, this gap between liberals and conservatives closed by 60% when conservatives were motivated to be accurate. Altogether, these findings suggest that many instances of belief in (mis)information may reflect a lack of motivation to be accurate instead of a simple lack of knowledge.
Determining The Natural Radiation Level And Gamma Absorption Coefficient Of İkizdere Obsidian
Authors: DURAN Selcen UZUN , Küçükömeroğlu Belgin , Çiriş Ali , Ersoy Hakan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In the present work, natural radionuclide levels and mass attenuation coefficient of obsidian samples taken from Rize İkizdere region were investigated. The mass attenuation coefficient (μ ρ-1) is investigated experimentally and theoretically for 14 İkizdere obsidian rocks. The mass attenuation coefficients of the samples were measured experimentally at photon energies of radioisotopes 133Ba (81 keV, 302 keV, 356 keV), 137Cs (662 keV), Theoretically, the simulation results of μ ρ-1 using XCOM code was compared with experimental results. In addition, elemental analyzes of obsidian samples were made. Average 238U, 232Th and 40K activities were determined as 93±9, 67±7, 1027±19 Bq m-3, respectively. The absorption coefficient of obsidian at 356 and 662 keV energies is not much different from other rocks.
Probing elastic anisotropy of human skin in vivo with light using non-contact acoustic micro-tapping OCE and polarization-sensitive OCT
Authors: Kirby Mitchell A. , Tang Peijun , Liou Hong-Cin , Kuriakose Maju , Pitre John J. , Pham Tam N. , Ettinger Russell , Wang Ruikang K. , O'Donnell Matthew , Pelivanov Ivan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Skin broadly protects the human body from undesired factors such as ultraviolet radiation and abrasion and helps conserve body temperature and hydration. Skin’s elasticity and its level of anisotropy are key to its aesthetics and function. Currently, however, treatment success is often speculative and subjective, and is rarely based on skin’s elastic properties because there is no fast and accurate non-contact method for imaging of skin’s elasticity. Here we report on a non-contact and non-invasive method to image and characterize skin’s elastic anisotropy. It combines acoustic micro-tapping optical coherence elastography (AµT-OCE) with a nearly incompressible transversely isotropic (NITI) model to quantify skin’s elastic moduli. In addition, skin sites were imaged with polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) to help define the fiber orientation. Forearm skin areas were investigated in five volunteers. Results clearly demonstrate elastic anisotropy of skin in all subjects. AµT-OCE has distinct advantage over competitive techniques because it provides objective, quantitative characterization of skin’s elasticity without contact, which opens the door for broad translation into clinical use. Finally, we demonstrate that a combination of multiple OCT modalities (structural OCT, OCT angiography, PS-OCT and AµT-OCE) may provide rich information about skin and can be used to characterize scaring.
Controlling isolation system of initial combustion engines
Authors: Wen Mingyao , Nguyen Vanliem 
Published: January 2022

To evaluate the effect of the engine vibration on the vehicle's ride comfort and improve the vehicle's ride comfort, three types of engine’s isolation systems including the traditional rubber mount (TRM), hydraulic mount (HM), and semi-active HM controlled by the PID control (SHM) are proposed. A dynamic model of the inline 4-cylinder engine is established to determine the excitation force of the engine. By the combination of the random excitation of the vehicle floor affecting the engine isolation system, the isolating performance of the TRM, HM, and HM is then simulated and evaluated on isolating the engine vibration and improving the vehicle’s ride comfort. Both the root mean square (RMS) values of the engine acceleration response (aRMSe) and isolation force (FRMS) of engine isolation systems are given as the objective functions. The research results show that the engine vibration combined with the excitation of the road surface roughness significantly affects the vehicle’s ride comfort. By using the SHM, both the engine acceleration and isolation force are significantly reduced in comparison with the TRM. Especially, the values of the aRMSe and FRMS are remarkably decreased by 9.32 % and 9.69 % in comparison with the TRM. Thus, to improve the vehicle's ride comfort and reduce the effect of the engine's vibration on the ride comfort, the engine isolation system used by the TRM needs to be replaced by using the SHM.
Influence of floating support on the dynamic characteristics of compound planetary gear set
Authors: Zhang Haibo , Shang Huajian , Yang Chao 
Published: January 2022

Due to a large number of components, complex meshing relations and high requirements for assembly accuracy, the dynamic characteristic of compound planetary gear, such as vibration, impact, periodic motion and load sharing, are more easily affected by internal excitation than those of simple planetary gear set and parallel shafting gear set. To improve the load sharing behavior and the resistance of Chaos motions in the compound planetary gear set, in this work, by introducing the floating support into the center gear and planet gear, a lumped-parameter dynamic model of the compound planetary gear set is built based on the lumped parameter method and Lagrange kinematics equation. The steady response is calculated by numeric method to investigate the influence of floating support from different components on loading sharing behavior and periodic motion. The results indicate that, the increase of the floating value of all components improves the instantaneous load-sharing behavior, and single floating of planet gear reduces the load sharing behavior. To avoid the system being in quasi-periodic motion and Chaos motions under the condition of floating support, the input speed should be avoided away from the range of 3201 r/min-5069 r/min.
Evaluation of process condition impact on copper and lead ions removal from water using goethite incorporated nanocomposite ultrafiltration adsorptive membranes
Authors: Hossaini-Zahed Seyedeh-Soghra , Khanlari Samaneh , Bakhtiari Omid , Tofighy Maryam Ahmadzadeh , Hadadpour Soheil , Rajabzadeh Saeid , Zhang Pengfei , Matsuyama Hideto , Mohammadi Toraj 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) adsorptive membrane incorporated with nanosize-goethite (α-FeO(OH)) hydrous metal oxide particles (GNPs), prepared with optimal flux and Cu(II) removal in the previous study, was used to evaluate the process parameter on the Cu(II) removal. Box-Behnken Design (BBD) based on the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to evaluate the impact of Cu(II) feed solution characteristics such as pH, initial concentration of metal ion, and transmembrane pressure (TMP) on copper removal efficiency. The outcomes indicated that the RSM optimization technique could be utilized as an applicable method to find the optimum condition for the maximum Cu(II) removal with slight variance compared with the experimentally measured data. The effect of each process parameter and the coupling effect of parameters on the Cu(II) removal was assessed. Finally, the optimum condition of pH, Cu(II) concentration, and transmembrane pressure (TMP) to obtain high copper removal efficiency was decided. In the optimum condition of the Cu(II) removal, the removal of lead (Pb(II)) metal ion was evaluated by the same membrane.