bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Air Pollution on Incidence and Mortality of Lung Cancer: A nationwide analysis of China
Authors: Dai Jing , Zhou Yunhua , Chen Hui 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Atmospheric pollution is a global public health problem. Although more and more evidence shows that air pollution will increase the risk of lung cancer, the evidence is still insufficient and more suspicious. We aim to use national cancer registration data and air quality data to assess the association between air pollution exposure and lung cancer incidence and mortality in China.
Methods
The study is a comparative study using open source data. The data of incidence and mortality of lung cancer were released by China National Cancer Center, grouped by region, gender and age. The data of air pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, NO2, SO2) were published by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China. By establishing single-factor and multi-factor linear regression models of air pollutants and lung cancer incidence and mortality, the relationship of them was quantitatively analyzed.
Results
In China, the incidence and mortality of lung cancer increase with age, males are significantly higher than females, urban are slightly higher than rural, central and west are slightly higher than east. Single-factor and multi-factor linear regression analysis showed that there was a linear correlation between air pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, SO2) and the incidence and mortality of male lung cancer, and the mortality of female lung cancer. There was no linear correlation between NO2 and the incidence and mortality of lung cancer in male and female. PM10(PM2.5) has a greater impact on male lung cancer incidence than SO2, PM10(PM2.5) has the same impact on male lung cancer mortality as SO2, and SO2 has a greater impact on female lung cancer mortality than PM10(PM2.5) .
Conclusions
The increased risk of lung cancer and death is related to air pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, SO2). The control measures to reduce air pollution may reduce the incidence and mortality of lung cancer in the future.
Effects of antimicrobial peptides on non-specific immunity responses and gut microbes of tsinling lenok trout (Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis)
Authors: Ma Fang , Ma Ruilin , Zhao Lei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are an important component of non-specific immunity and play a key role in cellular host defense against pathogens and tissue damage infections. We investigated the effects of AMP supplementation on the antioxidant capacity, non-specific immunity and intestinal microbiota of tsinling lenok trout. Different diets (CT, A120, A240 and A480) containing graded levels of AMP peptides (0, 120 mg kg− 1, 240 mg kg− 1, 480 mg kg− 1) were feed to 240 fish for 8-weeks. Our study findings showed that the activity of total antioxidant capacity (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), lysozyme (LZM), catalase (CAT) and acid phosphatase (ACP) in the A240 and A480 group were higher than that in the CT group (P < 0.05). Malondialdehyde (MDA) content in AMP group was significantly lower than that in CT group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, we harvested the midgut and applied next-generation sequencing of 16S rDNA. The results showed that the abundance of Halomonas in AMP group was significantly lower than that in CT group. Functional analysis showed that the abundance of chloroalkane and chloroalkene degradation pathway increased significantly in AMP group. In conclusion, AMP enhanced the antioxidant capacity, non-specific immunity, and intestinal health of tsinling lenok trout.
An Improved Physics-Informed Neural Network Based on a New Adaptive Gradient Descent Algorithm for Solving Partial Differential Equations of Nonlinear Systems
Authors: Liu Yuhao , Li Xiaojian , Liu Zhengxian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are becoming more and more popular for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) of nonlinear systems. Due to the advantage of low computational cost, the gradient descent algorithm coupled with the weighted objectives method is usually used to optimize loss functions in the PINN training. However, the interaction mechanisms between the gradients of loss functions are not fully clarified, leading to poor performances in loss functions optimization such as low efficiency and non-convergence. For this, an adaptive gradient descent algorithm (AGDA) is proposed, and then validated by analytical PDEs and Navier-Stokes equations. Firstly, the interaction mechanisms of loss functions gradients in the PINN training based on the traditional Adam optimizer are analyzed. The main factors responsible for the poor performances of the Adam optimizer are identified. Based on the interaction mechanisms, a new AGDA optimizer is developed for the PINN training by two steps: 1) balancing the magnitude difference of loss functions gradients; 2) eliminating the gradient directions conflict. Then, three types of PDEs (elliptic, hyperbolic and parabolic) and three twodimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are selected to validate the proposed algorithm. It is found that the AGDA optimizer can achieve higher training accuracy with fewer iterations, and can improve the training efficiency of the analytical PDEs by 5~6 times and the multi-parameter NavierStokes equations by 1.4 times. Also, the AGDA optimizer is more robust as it performs better than the traditional Adam optimizer in dealing with the parabolic heat conduction equation and the unsteady Navier-Stokes equation.
Increased energy sequestration in Nicotiana tabacum overexpressing UGPase and SPP genes in mesophyll.
Authors: Rakoczy M. , Podkowinski Jan , Figlerowicz M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Transgenic Nicotiana tabacum with cDNA coding for uridine diphosphate glucose and sucrose phosphate phosphatase from Hordeum vulgare expressed from chrysanthemum rubisco small subunit promoter shows high expression of these transgenes in young leaves and low in roots. Although the activity of this promoter decreased during leaves development, even in fully developed leaves it was over 10 times higher than the expression of the native genes of these enzymes. The plants overexpressing the transgenes grew faster and started the generative phase earlier than the control plants, without any disturbances in leaves, flower and seed development. The dry weight of the transgenic plants at the end of the generative phase was slightly higher than in the control group and showed a greater proportion of carbohydrates. The content of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose was higher in the transgenic plants than in the control plants, and similar differences showed the energy value of these plants. A comparison of the energy value sequestered in the aerial part of these plant showed that the transgenic plants stored up to 18% more energy than the control plants. Mesophyll-specific overexpression of the transgenes showed beneficial effects - faster plants growth and higher accumulation of energy in the transgenic plants than in the controls. This effect was achieved in N. tabacum, a plant without specific storage organs or tissues. The use of a promoter directing expression of transgenes into mesophyll cells allowed to increase the efficiency of the selected metabolic pathway - photosynthesis-dependent sucrose synthesis.
Application of New Double Integral Transform (Laplace- ARA Transform) to Integral-Differential Equations
Authors: Sedeeg Abdelilah , Zubair Sulima , Adam Zahra , Ahmed Shams , Mahgob Mohand 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The major objective of this paper is to propose a novel double Laplace – ARA transforms (DL-ARAT). We employ this transform to prove the convolution, existence and other relevant theorems as well as derivatives properties. Subsequently, this method is applied to solve some illustrative integral- differential equations. This approach was shown to be a powerful and efficient means to tack integral- differential equations.
MiR-20a-5p, miR-29a, miR-let7e, and miR-155 serum exosomal microRNAs analyses as potential biomarkers in pulmonary tuberculosis and non-tuberculosis
Authors: Javadi Alireza , Shamaei Masoud , Tabarsi Payam , Ainy Elaheh , Kazemi Bahram 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background

Mycobacteria could invade the host’s immune system to survive and persist in the host through different mechanisms such as the expression modulation of microRNAs (miRNAs). MicroRNA is a small, non-coding oligonucleotide that regulates gene expression and transcription. MiRNAs' differential expressions in disease phenomena can serve as biomarkers. The expression level of serum-derived exosomal miRNAs from mycobacteria patients could result to enhance monocyte cell apoptosis. This study tries to evaluate four serum-derived exosomal miRNAs as a potential mycobacterial biomarker.

Methods

Serum-derived exosomes were purified from serum samples of 55 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis or non-tuberculosis and 30 healthy controls. The expression level of Hsa-miR-20a-5p, Hsa-miR-29a, Hsa-miR-let7e, and Hsa-miR-155 was evaluated using qRT-PCR.

Results

In TB patients, the expression level of miR-20a-5p, miR-29a, and miR-let7e were significantly increased (p ≤ 0.0001), but the miR-155 expression level decreased. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis determined effective diagnostic biomarkers of miRNAs with an AUC = 0.6933 for miR-20 (p ≤ 0.01), AUC = 0.6011 for miR-29a (p ≤ 0.17), AUC = 0.7322 for miR-let7e: (p ≤ 0.002), and AUC = 0.7456 for miR-155 (p ≤ 0.001) for active tuberculosis. The expression of miR-let7e, 20a, and 29a in M. avium vs. Mtb was upregulated (P ≤ 0.01, P ≤ 0.0001, and P ≤ 0.0001, respectively), same as miRs let7e and 20a expression which was increased in M. abscessus vs. Mtb (P ≤ 0.0001 and P ≤ 0.002, respectively).

Conclusion

In conclusion, circulating exosomal microRNA MiR-20, miR-let7e, and miR-155 have diagnostic potential for active pulmonary tuberculosis. Furthermore, the study facilitates the development of potential biomarkers of pulmonary tuberculosis and non-tuberculosis.
Transport of micron-sized polyethylene particles in confined aquifer: Effects of size, ageing, and confining pressure
Authors: Chen Xin , Wan yong , Jia Jia , Xue Qiang , Wu Chenxi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Contamination of groundwater by microplastics (MPs) is increasingly reported and draw growing attention due to their potential risks. To understand how MPs migrate into the groundwater, many previous works have investigated the transport of MPs using man-made microspheres of few microns or smaller as models. However, MPs observed in the environment are more diverse in size, shape, and types, which may have different migration behaviors. In this work, transport of irregular shaped polyethylene (PE) particles in sand packed column was studied. Small MPs (22-37 μm) generally have a high mobility than large MPs (44-74 μm) but can also be affected by aging. Ageing decreased the hydrophobicity of the MPs and increased their surface negative charge, which could have facilitated the transport of MPs. However, the physical barrier of space in the porous medium might have a greater influence on the transport of the MPs. The retention of the MPs was enhanced with the increase in pressure due to compression that decreased pore size. Results from this study showed that MPs of environmental features can also be transported in the groundwater but the processes could be governed by different factors from that of man-made plastic microspheres.
Exploring the mechanism of LncRNA CASC15 affecting hepatocellular carcinoma through miRNA
Authors: Cai Qingshan , Wu Dongyang , Shen Yueling , Li Shudong , Liu Liyou , Zheng Jianxing , Liu Dong , Li Yong , Chen Xiaonan , Wang Limin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to determine the potential mechanisms through which long noncoding (Lnc) RNA cancer susceptibility candidate 15 (CASC15)affects hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Methods: We retrieved HCC RNA-seq and clinical information from the UCSC Xena database. The differential expression (DE) of CASC15 was detected. Overall survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves. Molecular function and signaling pathways affected by CASC15 were determined using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Associations between CASC15 and the HCC microenvironment were investigated using immuno-infiltration assays. A differential CASC15-miRNA-mRNA network and HCC-specific CASC15-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network were constructed.
Results: The overexpression of CASC15 in HCC tissues was associated with histological grade, clinical stage, pathological T stage, poor survival, more complex immune cell components, and 12 immune checkpoints. We identified 27 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs and 270 DE mRNAs in the differential CASC15-miRNA-mRNA network, and 10 key genes that were enriched in 12 cancer-related signaling pathways. Extraction of the HCC-specific CASC15-miRNA-mRNA network revealed that IGF1R, MET, and KRAS were associated with HCC progression and occurrence.
Conclusion: Our bioinformatic findings confirmed that CASC15 is a promising prognostic biomarker for HCC, and elevated levels in HCC are associated with the tumor microenvironment. We also constructed a disease-specific CASC15-miRNA-mRNA regulatory ceRNA network that provides a new perspective for the precise indexing of patients with elevated levels of CASC15.
Detection of Normal Force, Bending, and Torsion Using MEMS Tactile Sensor Embedded in Flexible Sheet
Authors: Okako So , Nambu Taisei , Abe Takashi , Sohgawa Masayuki 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The control of human motion depends heavily on tactile sensation; hence it is important to understand this sensation digitally in the analysis of motion such as grasping. When representing tactile sensation digitally, a sensor that converts the grip force, bending, and torsion generated during grasping into data is necessary. In this study, an ultra-small tactile sensor was embedded in a flexible elastomer sheet, and its response to applied force, bending, and twisting was measured and investigated. As a result, it is demonstrated that this sensor can be used to obtain responses not only to force but also to the amount and direction of bending and torsion.
Hypercapnia and severe hyperkalemia following robot-assisted endoscopic thyroid surgery: A case report
Authors: Xu Chang , Wu Zhifang , Yin Anqi , Zhang Lidong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Robot-assisted thyroidectomy has been widely performed because it has many advantages, such as less invasiveness and better cosmesis. Due to the need to inject carbon dioxide (CO2) into the neck skin during the operation, the incidence of subcutaneous emphysema and hypercapnia is increased. Thalassemia, which is a type of haemolytic anaemia caused by the lack of globin chain synthesis, causes damage, instability and fragility of the erythrocyte membrane and can easily lead to haemolysis and hyperkalaemia due to changes in pH. Hypercapnia is a complication of endoscopic surgery, but severe hyperkalaemia is rare that we suspect it may be related to the patient's history of thalassemia. Here, we report this case and analyse the possible causes described in the literature to improve the anesthetic management of patients undergoing thyroidectomy or thalassemia in the future.
Clinical features: A 30-year-old man who was scheduled for robot-assisted thyroidectomy received general anaesthesia. Ninety minutes after CO2 injection, his end-expiratory carbon dioxide (PetCO2) suddenly increased to 45 mmHg, and arterial blood gas analysis (ABG) showed serious abnormalities. He developed severe hypercapnia and hyperkalemia during the operation. The patient gradually recovered after hyperventilation and sodium bicarbonate treatment.
Conclusion: Hypercapnia and subcutaneous emphysema are severe complications of robot-assisted endoscopic thyroid surgery. Anesthesiologists should conduct an ABG right away and make a diagnosis immediately when facing this crisis. Patients with thalassemia, which easily leads to haemolysis and hyperkalemia due to changes in pH, should carefully select endoscopic surgery requiring CO2.
Quality And Reliability Analysis Of Combined Intracavernous Injection And Stimulation Test Videos On The Youtube Platform
Authors: Cil Gokhan , yilmaz mehmet , sahin yusuf 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective: In this study, we evaluated how reliable and high-quality content YouTube videos about ICI provide for healthcare professionals or patients in daily life, using a scoring system as well as validated scoring.
Material and Methods: In March 2022, YouTube was searched using the keywords "intracavernous injection, penile injection, ICI and combined intracavernous injection and stimulation" and the videos opened in the first 10 pages were listed according to their relevance. We found total 66 videos, after excluding non-English language content of less than 2 minutes or duplicate videos with no audio or subtitles from the study total 36 videos were excluded. Each video was evaluated by two evaluators with a validated Global Quality Score (GQS) and a checklist assessment tool created specifically for this topic by 3 andologs. analyzed by. In addition, the video power index (VPI) obtained from the view ratio X, such as like the ratio/100 formula was used for video quality evaluation.
Results: When videos were uploaded, the median duration on platform 695.50 (range 165-4175) median video length was 300 (range 120-1020). While the main source of loading videos was health information sites (n=16; 53.3%), this was followed by academic (n=8; 26.7%) and health professionals (n=6; 20%) videos. While 86.7% of the videos were high quality, 13.3% were considered low quality. The median GQS, check list score and VPI were 3 (range 1-4), 5 (range 2-7) and 32.5 (range 0.33-1762.12), respectively. Videos produced by the academic channel had higher GQS and checklist scores (p values 0.07 and 0.013, respectively). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of the VPI (p=0.338). Spearman's correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the check list score and GQS (r=0.857, p<0.001).
Discussion: Combined intracavernous injection and stimulation test videos on YouTube generally have high quality content, but academically sourced videos offer better quality and reliable content for healthcare professionals. Considering that today patients use the internet as their first source of reference, the content and reliability level of the products uploaded by healthcare professionals on this platform should be increased.
Differential genomic effects of four nano-sized and one micro-sized CeO 2 particles on HepG2 cells
Authors: Thai Sheau-Fung , Jones Carlton P. , Robinette Brian L. , Ren Hongzu , Vallanat Beena , Fisher Anna , Kitchin Kirk T. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

The objective of this research was to perform a genomics study of five cerium oxide particles, 4 nano and one micrometer-sized particles which have been studied previously by our group with respect to cytotoxicity, biochemistry and metabolomics. Human liver carcinoma HepG2 cells were exposed to between 0.3 to 300 ug/ml of CeO2particles for 72 hours and then total RNA was harvested. Fatty acid accumulation was observed with W4, X5, Z7 and less with Q but not Y6. The gene expression changes in the fatty acid metabolism genes correlated the fatty acid accumulation we detected in the prior metabolomics study for the CeO2particles named W4, Y6, Z7 and Q, but not for X5. In particular, the observed genomics effects on fatty acid uptake and fatty acid oxidation offer a possible explanation of why many CeO2particles increase cellular free fatty acid concentrations in HepG2 cells. The major genomic changes observed in this study were sirtuin, ubiquitination signaling pathways, NRF2-mediated stress response and mitochondrial dysfunction. The sirtuin pathway was affected by many CeO2particle treatments. Sirtuin signaling itself is sensitive to oxidative stress state of the cells and may be an important contributor in CeO2particle induced fatty acid accumulation. Ubiquitination pathway regulates many protein functions in the cells, including sirtuin signaling, NRF2-mediated stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction pathways. NRF2-mediated stress response and mitochondrial were reported to be altered in many nanoparticles treated cells. All these pathways may contribute to the fatty acid accumulation in the CeO2particle treated cells.
Phenome-wide association network demonstrates close connection with individual disease trajectories from the HUNT study
Authors: Hall Martina , Skinderhaug Marit K. , Almaas Eivind 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Disease networks offer a potential road map of connections between diseases. Several studies have created disease networks where diseases are connected either based on shared genes or Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) associations. However, it is still unclear to which degree SNP-based networks map to empirical co-observed diseases within a different, general, adult study population spanning over a long time period.
Methods: We create a SNP-based disease network (PheNet) from a large population using the UK biobank phenome-wide association studies. Importantly, the SNP-associations are unbiased towards much studied diseases, adjusted for linkage disequilibrium, case/control imbalances, as well as relatedness. We map the PheNet on to significantly co-occurring diseases in the Norwegian HUNT study population, and further, identify consecutively occurring diseases with significant occurrence independent of age and gender in the PheNet.
Results: We find that the overlap between the networks are far larger than expected, where most diseases tend to link to diseases of the same category and some categories are more linked to each other than expected by chance. Considering the ordering of consecutively occurring diseases in the HUNT data, we find that many diabetic disorders and cardiovascular disorders are subsequent the diagnostication of obesity and overweight, and cardiovascular disorders that often tend to be observed subsequent to other diseases are associated with higher mortality rates.
Conclusions: The HUNT sub-PheNet showing both genetically and co-observed diseases offers an interesting framework to study groups of diseases and examine if they, in fact, are comorbidities and pinpoint exactly which mutation(s) that constitute shared cause of the diseases. This could be of great benefit to both researchers and clinicians studying relationships between diseases.