bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Precise pose estimation of the NASA Mars 2020 Perseverance rover through a stereo‐vision‐based approach
Authors: Andolfo Simone , Petricca Flavio , Genova Antonio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVisual Odometry (VO) is a fundamental technique to enhance the navigation capabilities of planetary exploration rovers. By processing the images acquired during the motion, VO methods provide estimates of the relative position and attitude between navigation steps with the detection and tracking of two‐dimensional (2D) image keypoints. This method allows one to mitigate trajectory inconsistencies associated with slippage conditions resulting from dead‐reckoning techniques. We present here an independent analysis of the high‐resolution stereo images of the NASA Mars 2020 Perseverance rover to retrieve its accurate localization on sols 65, 66, 72, and 120. The stereo pairs are processed by using a 3D‐to‐3D stereo‐VO approach that is based on consolidated techniques and accounts for the main nonlinear optical effects characterizing real cameras. The algorithm is first validated through the analysis of rectified stereo images acquired by the NASA Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity, and then applied to the determination of Perseverance's path. The results suggest that our reconstructed path is consistent with the telemetered trajectory, which was directly retrieved onboard the rover's system. The estimated pose is in full agreement with the archived rover's position and attitude after short navigation steps. Significant differences (~10–30 cm) between our reconstructed and telemetered trajectories are observed when Perseverance traveled distances larger than 1 m between the acquisition of stereo pairs.
Using camera traps to monitor cyclic vole populations
Authors: Kleiven Eivind Flittie , Nicolau Pedro Guilherme , Sørbye Sigrunn Holbek , Aars Jon , Yoccoz Nigel Gilles , Ims Rolf Anker 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCamera traps have become popular labor‐efficient and non‐invasive tools to study animal populations. The use of camera trap methods has largely focused on large animals and/or animals with identifiable features, with less attention being paid to small mammals, including rodents. Here we investigate the suitability of camera‐trap‐based abundance indices to monitor population dynamics in two species of voles with key functions in boreal and Arctic ecosystems, known for their high‐amplitude population cycles. The targeted species—gray‐sided vole (Myodes rufocanus) and tundra vole (Microtus oeconomus)—differ with respect to habitat use and spatial‐social organization, which allow us to assess whether such species traits influence the accuracy of the abundance indices. For both species, multiple live‐trapping grids yielding capture‐mark‐recapture (CMR) abundance estimates were matched with single tunnel‐based camera traps (CT) continuously recording passing animals. The sampling encompassed 3 years with contrasting abundances and phases of the population cycles. We used linear regressions to calibrate CT indices, based on species‐specific photo counts over different time windows, as a function of CMR‐abundance estimates. We then performed inverse regression to predict CMR abundances from CT indices and assess prediction accuracy. We found that CT indices (for windows maximizing goodness‐of‐fit of the calibration models) predicted adequately the CMR‐based estimates for the gray‐sided vole, but performed poorly for the tundra vole. However, spatially aggregating CT indices over nearby camera traps enabled reliable abundance indices also for the tundra vole. Such species differences imply that the design of camera trap studies of rodent population dynamics should be adapted to the species in focus, and adequate spatial replication must be considered. Overall, tunnel‐based camera traps yield much more temporally resolved abundance metrics than alternative methods, with a large potential for revealing new aspects of the multi‐annual population cycles of voles and other small mammal species they interact with.
Tuning of Photoluminescence of Graphene Oxide Based Nanomaterials in the UV‐Visible Region: Formation of Aggregates by H‐Bonding through Water Molecules
Authors: Pyne Dinesh Kumar , Chatterjee Shovon , Pramanik Soumalya , Saha Prosenjit , Biswas Tuyan , Bali Somnath , Dutta Partha , Halder Arnab 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo investigate the interaction among the graphene oxide layers by involving surface functional groups, photoluminescence (PL) from graphene oxide (GO), and hydroxyl enriched graphene oxide (OH‐GO) in the UV‐visible region are studied. Tuning of PL is observed by varying the concentration of aqueous dispersion of OH‐GO, obtained by strong alkaline treatment on graphene oxide (GO). FTIR, Raman, XRD, and the microscopic study suggests the structural orderness of the OH‐GO compared to GO. Hydroxyl functional groups at the surface of OH‐GO facilitate the formation of aggregates through hydrogen bonds by involving solvent water molecules and the PL band in the visible region may be originated from such aggregates. With the increase in the concentration of OH‐GO in the aqueous medium, the contribution of the visible PL band is markedly increased along with the decrease in the PL band in the UV region. The time‐resolved study indicates the possibility of energy transfer from the species emitting in the UV region to the species emitting in the visible region. This energy transfer may be responsible for the marked enhancement of the visible band of the PL spectra of OH‐GO at high concentrations.
Catalyst‐ and Solvent‐Free Hydrophosphorylation of Aldimines with Secondary Phosphine Chalcogenides: Synthesis of Tertiary α‐Aminophosphine Oxides, Sulfides and Selenides
Authors: Arbuzova Svetlana N. , Verkhoturova Svetlana I. , Zinchenko Sergey V. , Kolyvanov Nikita A. , Chernysheva Nataliya A. , Bishimbaeva Gaukhar K. , Trofimov Boris A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSecondary phosphine chalcogenides mildly (no catalysts and solvents, 20–65 °C, 0.25–65.5 h) react with aldimines to deliver the hitherto unknown α‐aminophosphine oxides, sulfides and selenides in good to excellent yields.
Microwave‐Induced Synthesis of Pyridine Based Schiff Bases and Their Applications as Efficient Antimicrobial Textile Dyeing Agents: Experimental and Theoretical Approach
Authors: Sharma Sanyog , Dubey Gurudutt , Singh Sran Balkaran , Sharma Mansi , Kaur Varinder , Kaur Sukhraj , Bharatam Prasad V. , Hundal Geeta 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThree new pyridine‐based Schiff basesP‐2IMBT((Z)‐2‐(((pyridin‐2‐ylmethyl)imino)methyl)benzene‐1,3,5‐triol),P‐3IMBT(Z)‐2‐(((pyridin‐3‐ylmethyl)imino)methyl)benzene‐1,3,5‐triol, andP‐4IMBT2‐(((pyridin‐4‐ylmethyl)imino)methyl)benzene‐1,3,5‐triol were investigated to see if they could be employed as antimicrobial textile synthetic dyes. Adding the pyridine nucleus to these compounds improves their textile colour and therapeutic potential. Microwave‐assisted synthesis was used to synthesize these molecules, which is highly efficient, safe, cost‐effective, and ecologically benign. NMR, IR, Mass, PXRD, UV‐Vis, DFT calculations, Fluorescence, and thermogravimetric methods were used to describe all of the compounds. In experiments on wool and silk, these positional isomers,P‐2IMBT,P‐3IMBT, andP‐4IMBT, were found to be washable and offered a rich brown hue with good tonal variation. Cotton had to be pre mordanted, and this is likely a one‐of‐a‐kind cotton mordant dye. Further antimicrobial studies suggest that these compounds could be effective antibacterial agents.
Design and Synthesis of New Agents for Prostate Cancer Treatment Inspired by Steroidal CYP17 A1 Inhibitors
Authors: Zolottsev Vladimir A. , Latysheva Alexandra S. , Khan Irina I. , Pokrovsky Vadim S. , Misharin Alexander Y. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSteroid derivatives modified with nitrogen containing heterocycles attract attention as anticancer agents for prostate cancer treatment. In this study we have developed a simple and convenient procedure for preparation of 17(20)‐21‐norpregnene and androst‐16‐ene 2’‐oxazolinyl and 2’‐benzoxazolyl derivatives, based on the reaction of an appropriately modified steroidal carboxylic acid with 1,2‐amino alcohols or o‐aminophenol. Using this method we conducted synthesis a series of new steroid hybrids differing either in the structure of steroidal part, or in the structure of nitrogen containing heterocycle (23 compounds in total). Some of compounds revealed high anti‐proliferative activity in prostate carcinoma LNCaP and PC‐3 cells, exceeding that for well‐known agents abiraterone and galeterone. Oxazoline containing derivative of [17(20)]‐21‐norpregnene potently stimulated apoptosis in DU‐145 cells and inhibited the growth of tumors in DU‐145 and 22Rv1 derived xenograft models in direct comparison with abiraterone.
Adsorptive Remediation of Hazardous Crystal Violet Dye using Ni1‐xZnxFe2O4 Magnetic Nanocomposites
Authors: Said Abd El‐Aziz A. , Abu‐Sehly Abdel‐Hamid A. , Mahmoud Amera Z. , Ahmed Haiam , Goda Mohamed N. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCrystal violet (CV) dye is one of the most poisonous colors primarily produced in the textile industry. In the current study, the co‐precipitation assisted ultrasonic radiation method was used to synthesized Ni1‐xZnxFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles for the CV dye removal from aqueous solutions. The adsorbents were characterized by vibrating specimen magnetometer (VSM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), High resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and nitrogen sorption analysis. XRD confirmed the successful synthesis of Ni1‐xZnxFe2O4 single phase with a characteristic diffraction (311) peak at 2θ=35.5°. XPS analysis proved the successful substitution of Ni2+ by Zn2+ ions in the spinel structure. N2 sorption revealed that, the prepared adsorbent exhibited a mesoporous structure of slit shaped and narrow entrances, especially at high annealing temperatures. Results revealed that the magnetic Ni0.1Zn0.9Fe2O4 nano adsorbent offered a maximum adsorption capacity of 473.9 mg g−1 at pH 10.0, which is significantly greater than that of the other noted for CV removal. In addition, ferromagnetic nature was observed by Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 with a saturation magnetization value of 60.1 emg/g. Equilibrium and kinetic studies demonstrated that, the adsorption is of chemical nature and controlled with pore and film diffusion. Finally, we concluded that Ni1‐xZnxFe2O4 can be utilized as a potential magnetic composite for the purification of CV contaminated water.
Dramatic Size‐dependence of Rhn+ Clusters in Reacting with Small Hydrocarbons: Rh3+ Cluster Catalysis for Dehydrogenation
Authors: Jia Yuhan , Geng Lijun , Zhang Hanyu , Luo Zhixun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe report a joint experimental and theoretical study of the gas‐phase reactions between rhodium clusters Rhn+ (n=1–24) and small hydrocarbons. It is found that most Rhn+ clusters react with CH4 to form absorption products Rhn(CH4)1,2+ but Rh3+ reacts to form carbide indicative of complete dehydrogenation; Rh2+ reacts with CH4 to form partial dehydrogenation products Rh2CH2+ and Rh2C2H6+. The distinctive reactivity of Rh3+ is also found for the reactions with C2H2, C2H4 and C2H6, where the complete dehydrogenation product Rh3C2+ is also formed. Analysis of reaction kinetics demonstrates that the cooperation of three Rh atoms plays a key role in the dehydrogenation reaction. Notably, Rh3+ bears a large HOMO‐LUMO gap and reasonable stablity, and the roughly equal contribution of electrostatic and orbital interactions provide advantages to form two symmetric Rh−H−C hydrogen bridge bonds which promote the synergic cluster catalysis for hydrogen atom transfer and C−H bond dissociation. The efficient dehydrogenation mediated by an Rh3+ cluster opens a window to design new catalysts for C−H activation.
Facile Synthesis of Regenerative Framework Adsorbent for Organic Dyes: Experimental and Artificial Neural Modeling Studies
Authors: Jyoti Bora Hridoy , Paul Chayan , Sen Sarma Neelotpal , Kalita Anamika 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe primary challenge in the design and synthesis of materials having higher affinity, rapid uptake, and superior adsorption capacity is to achieve the balance between performance and economy for real‐world application. The present study unfolded the synthesis of a regenerative framework adsorbent employing greener condition, that shows excellent performance with an ultrahigh adsorption capacity and 99 % removal efficiency for a range of water polluting contaminants, i. e., organic dyes of industrial importance. A pseudo‐second‐order kinetics model shows a favorable fit for the adsorption process. The maximum adsorption capacity calculated by the Langmuir isotherm was found to be highest among many reports in the minimum concentration range, which directly indicates its outstanding efficiency even at lower contaminant concentration. The framework has good reusability and remarkable adsorption performance after being used for several repeated cycles. Consequently, the adsorption behavior of real effluent sample is also investigated using the current system. Additionally, artificial intelligence based on artificial neural network modeling has been executed successfully to estimate and model process parameters of dye removal by adsorption technique which results in mutual correlation between lab‐based techniques and neural based modeling for solving environmental concerns.
NH4Br‐Promoted Single‐Step and Transition‐Metal‐Free Conversion of Aldehydes to Nitriles in Ammonia Water
Authors: Wang Jin , Yang Xiao‐Qin , Li Na , Wang Li.‐Li 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA green and general method for the direct transformation of aldehydes to nitriles was developed. This method features a broad scope of substrates including aromatic, heterocyclic, and aliphatic aldehydes, by using I2/NH4Br in aqueous ammonia. Readily available aldehydes can be smoothly converted to corresponding nitriles in one‐step under open air at room temperature for 1–12 hours. This protocol is transition‐metal‐free and could be applied for the synthesis of various key cyano (CN)‐containing molecules.
A Facile Highly Selective Anti‐Markovnikov Hydroamination of Vinyl Pyridines by Free Radical Oxidation
Authors: Du Yue‐Yue , Jiang Bo , Han Guo‐Zhi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we report a new and facile protocol for anti‐Markovnikov hydroamination of vinyl pyridines under mild condition. In the presence of organic peroxide, pyridylethylation of a wide variety of aryl/alkyl amines with different substituent and electronic characteristics by intermolecular anti‐Markovnikov hydroamination was successfully carried out. Furthermore, moderate to excellent yields were obtained along with high selectivity through condition optimization. The highest yield of target product can reach 93 % in gram‐scale reaction. On the basis, we proposed a kind of aza‐Michael‐type free radical addition mechanism, which was well supported by deuterium labeling studies and reference experiments.
Thermodynamic Evaluation on Alkoxyamines of TEMPO Derivatives, Stable Alkoxyamines or Potential Radical Donors?
Authors: Qian Bao‐Chen , Zhang Lu , Zhang Gao‐Shuai , Fu Yan‐Hua , Zhu Xiao‐Qing , Shen Guang‐Bin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this work, the bond dissociation energy (BDE) values, including BDE(O−X) and BDE(N−O), for 129 alkoxyamines (XRT) of TEMPO derivatives were predicted, and the evaluations on stabilities of alkoxyamines, reactivities of alkoxyamines as radical donors and reactivity of TEMPO as various radical scavenger are well compared and discussed based on the predicted BDE values from the view of thermodynamic driving forces. Without a doubt, the wide and valuable BDE values are helpful for chemists better understand the thermodynamic properties and kinetic behaviors of alkoxyamines and TEMPO in chemical reactions and drug metabolism in vivo and promoting the rapid development and application of novel alkoxyamines.
Construction and Functionalization of a Clathrin Assembly for a Targeted Protein Delivery
Authors: Kim Hong‐Sik , Bae Jin‐Ho , Kim Gijeong , Song Ji‐Joon , Kim Hak‐Sung 
Published: December 2022

AbstractProtein assemblies have drawn much attention as platforms for biomedical applications, including gene/drug delivery and vaccine, due to biocompatibility and functional diversity. Here, the construction and functionalization of a protein assembly composed of human clathrin heavy chain and light chain for a targeted protein delivery, is presented. The clathrin heavy and light chains are redesigned and associated with each other, and the resulting triskelion unit further self‐assembled into a clathrin assembly with the size of about 28 nm in diameter. The clathrin assembly is dual‐functionalized with a protein cargo and a targeting moiety using two different orthogonal protein–ligand pairs through one‐pot reaction. The functionalized clathrin assembly exhibits about a 900‐fold decreased KD value for a cell‐surface target due to avidity compared to a native targeting moiety. The utility of the clathrin assembly is demonstrated by an efficient delivery of a protein cargo into tumor cells in a target‐specific manner, resulting in a strong cytotoxic effect. The present approach can be used in the creation of protein assemblies with multimodality.
Multi‐objective materialized view selection using flamingo search optimization algorithm
Authors: Srinivasarao Popuri , Satish Aravapalli Rama 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA materialized view selection in data warehouse management is important to speed up query processing. The data presented in data warehouses is generally stored as a set of materialized views. The major challenge is determining which views to materialize and satisfy the response time with reduced cost functions. This paper proposed an effective multi objective cost model based flamingo search algorithm for materialized view selection in data warehouse design. The multiple view processing plan structure of the data warehouse describes the search space of problem in order to select the optimal materialized views. The proposed model evaluates a multi‐objective optimization problem based on the cost functions resulting from materialization. The multiple objective functions of the proposed model are maintenance costs, current query processing costs, response cost and previous query processing costs. This model selects the top‐k views for materialization by satisfying the mentioned multi‐objective functions. The experimental results are simulated using the TPC‐H dataset. The efficacy of proposed model is measured by comparing the obtained results of the proposed model with various existing approaches.
A Clinician’s Guide to Performance Outcome Measurements
Authors: Mayhew Anna G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe role of the clinical evaluator in delivering measurements of motor performance is a key one. Good assessment enables effective management and in the trial setting enables partners to be confident in the reliability of their motor endpoints as a true reflection of the compound’s efficacy. Here we explore how Rasch analysis enhances more traditional evaluations of reliability and validity in the evaluation of performance using practical examples to explain why and discuss the importance of the role of clinicians in the interpretation and decision-making process when using Rasch analysis. The North Star Ambulatory Assessment designed for use in ambulant Duchenne muscular dystrophy illustrates the role of these methods. The role of the clinician is to ensure that wherever we assess a patient—in clinic, at home or via video link—the measured value and clinical meaning can be understood and potentially equated in relationship to other similar scales conducted in an alternative forum. Our ability to interact with and be aware of the individual at the heart of all these assessments means we are uniquely placed to ensure best care is given.
Advancing the Metrological Agenda in the Social Sciences
Authors: Linacre John Michael 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFor over 100 years social scientists have been measuring their subjects on scales regarded as linear. An early example is “The Thorndike Scale for Handwriting of Children” (Thorndike EL. The Thorndike Scale for Handwriting of Children. Bureau of Publications – Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, (1912)), where it is said that “The unit of the scale equals approximately one-tenth of the difference between the best and worst of the formal writings of 1000 children in Grades 5–8.” Though the construction of linear scales in social science has become more rigorous, an early feature continues. Each measurement scale represents a unique perspective on the target variable. Measurement scales for the same or similar target variables are rarely connected. This chapter describes how measurement units for similar scales can be aligned so that measures become independent of the specifics of the situation on which they are based.
Equating Measuring Instruments in the Social Sciences: Applying Measurement Principles of the Natural Sciences
Authors: Andrich David , Surla Dragana 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe concept of measurement in which the magnitude of a property is quantified in a common unit relative to a specified origin is a deep abstraction. This chapter shows the application of measurement in a social science context where the motivation is transparency and equity rather than the advancement of scientific laws. However, to achieve these, the realization of measurement needs to be no less rigorous than it is in the advancement of scientific laws. Rasch measurement theory provides the basis for such rigor. The context in this chapter is competitive selection into universities in Western Australia based on a summary performance on a series of instruments which assess achievement in a range of discipline areas. Such selection tends to determine life opportunities; therefore to ensure consistency and fairness, performances on different instruments need to be transformed into measurements which are in the same, explicit unit relative to a specified origin. Because the illustrative context is complex, it is considered that the Rasch measurement theory applied in this chapter could be applied to a range of social contexts where assessments on different instruments need to be transformed to measurements in a common unit referenced to a common origin and where the focus is on making decisions at the person level.
Crafting the Methods to Test Hypotheses
Authors: Hiebert James , Cai Jinfa , Hwang Stephen , Morris Anne K , Hohensee Charles 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIf you have carefully worked through the ideas in the previous chapters, the many questions researchers often ask about what methods to use boil down to one central question: How can I best test my hypotheses? The answers to questions such as “Should I do an ethnography or an experiment?” and “Should I use qualitative data or quantitative data?” are quite clear if you make explicit predictions for what you will find and fully develop rationales for why you made these predictions. Then you need only worry about how to find out in what ways your predictions are right in what ways they are wrong. There is a lot to know about different research designs and methods because these provide the tools you can use to test your hypotheses. But as you learn these details, keep in mind they are means to an end, not an end in themselves.