bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of midterm outcomes of patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture undergoing primary repair vs. augmented repair with a gastrocnemius turn-down flap
Authors: Yang Shuai , Shi Weili , Yan Wenqiang , Ao Yingfang , Guo Qinwei , Yang Yuping 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background

To explore and compare the midterm outcomes in patients undergoing primary repair vs. augmented repair with a gastrocnemius turn-down flap for acute Achilles tendon rupture.

Methods

From April 2012 to April 2018, the clinical data of 113 patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture who were treated with primary repair or augmented repair with a gastrocnemius turn-down flap by the same surgeon were retrospectively reviewed. The patients’ preoperative and postoperative scores on the visual analog scale (VAS), American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle⁃Hindfoot (AOFAS) hindfoot score, the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment⁃Achilles (VISA-A), the Achilles tendon total rupture score (ATRS), and the Tegner Activity Scale were examined and compared. The postoperative calf circumference of the involved side was measured. A Biodex isokinetic dynamometer was used to evaluate the plantarflexion strength on both sides. The time to return to life and exercise as well as the strength deficits in both groups were recorded. Finally, the correlation analyses between patient characteristics and treatment details with clinical outcomes were conducted.

Results

In total, 72 patients were included and completed the midterm follow-up. The 45 and 27 patients who were treated with primary repair and augmented repair were assigned to group A and B, respectively. The mean follow-up time was 51.3 months. No serious postoperative complications were reported. No significant between-group differences in any outcomes were observed. It was found that female sex was correlated with poorer VISA-A score (P < 0.01), complete paratendon closure was correlated with higher AOFAS score (P = 0.03), and short leg cast was correlated with higher ATRS score (P = 0.02).

Conclusions

Augmented repair with a gastrocnemius turn-down flap provided no advantage over primary repair for the treatment of acute Achilles tendon rupture. After surgical treatment, females tend to had poorer outcomes, while complete paratendon closure and short leg cast contribute to better results.

Level of evidence

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.
Understanding information about COVID-19: how sources’ reliability and level of understanding influenced adherence to sanitary measures in Canada
Authors: Courdi Clémentine , Ali Sahar Ramazan , Pelletier-Dumas Mathieu , Stolle Dietlind , Dorfman Anna , Lina Jean-Marc , Lacourse Éric , Sablonnière Roxane de la 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Previous studies have highlighted the importance of promoting health literacy and minimizing misinformation to encourage higher adherence to key sanitary measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study explores how one’s understanding of information and sources’ reliability can hinder adherence to sanitary measures implemented by the Canadian government. Data was collected from a representative sample of 3,617 Canadians, following a longitudinal design of 11 measurement times from April 2020 to April 2021. Overall, a low level of understanding was associated with membership in lower adherence trajectories to sanitary measures. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) showed it was between 3 and 34 times more likely for participants with low understanding to be in the lowest adherence trajectory. Information sources’ reliability also showed a significant effect on adherence trajectories for social distancing and staying home (AOR: between 1.5 and 2.5). These results are discussed considering future policy implications.
Loss-of-function of gynoecium-expressed phospholipase triggers haploid induction
Authors: Jang Jin Hoon , Seo Hae Seong , Widiez Thomas , Lee Ok Ran 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Pollen-specific phospholipase A-mediated in vivo haploid induction system was functionally well conserved in numerous monocots. However, no functional orthologous gene has been identified in dicots plants. Here, we show that loss-of-function of gynoecium-expressed phospholipase AII (pPLAIIγ) triggers haploid plants in Arabidopsis, at an average rate of 1.46%. Reciprocal crosses demonstrate that haploid plants are triggered from the female side and not from the pollen, and the haploid plants carry the maternal genome.
Cerebral hyperperfusion phenomenon in secondary medium vessel occlusion after M1 distal occlusion
Authors: Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Miyamoto Junichi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We report a case of spontaneous secondary medium vessel occlusion (MeVO) concomitant with cerebral hyperperfusion phenomenon (CHP) detected by preoperative computed tomography perfusion (CTP). MeVO is the occlusion of the M2, M3, A2, A3, P2 or P3 segment. MeVOs are increasingly recognized as a target for endovascular treatment in acute ischemic stroke patients. However, there is little data on cerebral perfusion in MeVO compared with large vessel occlusion (LVO). In MeVOs, secondary MeVOs (sMeVOs) occur due to thrombus migration or fragmentation spontaneously or iatrogenically after large vessel occlusion (LVO). It has been reported that infarcts can be seen outside the territory of the occluded vessel in some sMeVOs patients, which is known as MeVO with discrepant infarcts. However, there are no reports regarding CHP outside the territory of the occluded vessel in patients with sMeVO. CHP can occur outside the territory of spontaneously recanalized artery in patients with sMeVO, and it can support the diagnosis of sMeVO.
CDK13-related disorder: a deep characterization of speech and language abilities and addition of 33 novel cases
Authors: Morgan Angela , Morison Lottie , Reyk Olivia van , Forbes Elana , Rouxel Flavien , Faivre Laurence , Bruinsma Fiona , Vincent Marie , Jacquemont Marie-Line , Dykzeul Natalie , Geneviève David , Amor David 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Speech and language impairments are central features of CDK13-related disorder. While pathogenic CDK13 variants have been associated with childhood apraxia of speech (CAS), a systematic characterisation of communication has not been conducted. Here we examined speech, language, non-verbal communication skills, social behaviour and health and development in 41 individuals with CDK-13 related disorder (male = 22, median-age 7 years 1 month, range 1–25 years; 33 novel). Most participants used augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) in early childhood (24/41). CAS was common (14/22). Performance varied widely across intellectual ability, social behaviour and expressive language skills, with participants ranging from within average through to the severely impaired range. Receptive language was significantly stronger than expressive language ability. Social motivation was a relative strength. In terms of broader phenotype, a quarter had one or more of: renal, urogenital, musculoskeletal and cardiac malformations, vision impairment, ear infections and/or sleep disturbance. All had gross and fine motor impairments (41/41). Other conditions included mild-moderate intellectual disability (16/22) and autism (7/41). No genotype-phenotype correlations were found. Recognition of CAS, a rare speech disorder, is required to ensure appropriately targeted therapy. The high prevalence of speech and language impairment underscores the importance of tailored speech therapy, particularly early access to AAC supports.
Whole-exome Sequencing in deceased fetuses with ultrasound anomalies: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Huang Wei , Zhu Xiaofan , Sun Gege , Gao Zhi , Kong Xiangdong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Whole-exome sequencing (WES) is an effective method in the prenatal setting for identification of the underlying genetic etiology of fetal ultrasound abnormalities. To investigate the diagnostic value of WES in fetuses with ultrasound abnormalities that resulted in fetal demise or pregnancy termination.
Methods: 61 deceased fetuses with ultrasound abnormalities and normal copy number variation Sequencing (CNV-seq) were retrospectively collected. Proband-only or trio-WES were performed on the products of conception.
Result: Collectively, 28 cases were positive with 39 variants (10 pathogenic, 22 likely pathogenic and 7 variants of uncertain significance) of 18 genes, and the overall diagnostic rate was 45.9% (28/61), of which 39.2% (11/28) were de novo variants. In addition, 21 variants in 11 genes among the positive cases had not been previously reported. The diagnostic yield for definitive findings for trio analysis was 55.9% (19/34) compared to 33.3% (9/27) for singletons. The most common ultrasound abnormalities were skeletal system abnormalities 39.2% (11/28), followed by multiple system abnormalities (17.9%, 5/28) and genitourinary abnormalities (17.9%, 5/28).
Conclusion: Our results support the use of WES to identify genetic etiologies of ultrasound abnormalities and improve understanding of pathogenic variants. The identification of disease-related variants provided information for subsequent genetic counseling of recurrence risk and management of subsequent pregnancies.
Improved explicit formulation of bedload transport using a novel multi-level multi-model data-driven ensemble approach
Authors: Riahi-Madvar Hossien , Gholami Mahsa , Gharabaghi Bahram 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEstimation of bedload transport in rivers is a very complex and important river engineering challenge needs substantial additional efforts in pre-processing and ensemble modeling to derive the desired level of prediction accuracy. This paper aims to develop a new framework for the formulation of bedload transport in rivers using multi-level Multi-Model Ensemble (MME) approach to derive improved explicit formulations hybridized with multiple pre-processed-based models. Three pre-processing techniques of feature selection by Gamma Test (GT), dimension reduction by principal component analysis (PCA), and data clustering by subset selection of maximum dissimilarity (SSMD) are utilized at level 0. The multi-linear regression (MLR), MLR-PCA, artificial neural network (ANN), ANN-PCA, Gene expression programming (GEP), GEP-PCA, Group method of data handling (GMDH) and GMDH-PCA are used to develop individual explicit formulations at level 1, and the inferred formulas are hybridized with the MME approach at level 2 by Pareto optimality. A newly revised discrepancy ratio (RDR) for error distributions in conjunction with several statistical and graphical indicators were used to evaluate the strategy's performance. Results of MME showed that the proposed framework acted as an efficient tool in explicit equation induction for bedload transport (i.e., 33–96% reduction of RMSE; 2–29% increase of R2, 2-138% increase of NSE and 38–98% reduction of RAE in testing step in comparison with the best individual model) and clearly outperformed estimations made by other models. The current study highlights the importance of pre-processing and multi-modelling techniques in deep learning models to encounter the challenges of function finding for complex bedload transport estimations in multiple observed datasets.
Climate Apartheid: Politics Around Climate Change Inflicted Inequalities
Authors: JOHN JOMILIN 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Inequality is often referred to as the phenomenon of unequal or unjust distribution of resources, wealth, opportunities, etc. among members of a given society. On the other hand, another set of inequalities exists that limit the human potential and the overall welfare of people. The government of various countries has raised these issues on national and international platforms and has come together to formulate policies, laws, and legislation to curb the same. Gender inequality, inequality of income and wealth, etc. have always dominated modern politics but the advent of Covid-19 has deepened existing inequalities hitting especially the poorest and the most vulnerable communities the hardest. Among the newly emerging forms of inequalities, the inequalities caused by climate change are the most consequential and pernicious. Even though global economic growth has lifted millions out of extreme poverty and reduced inequalities among nations, unbridled climate change threatens to set back that progress by damaging poverty eradication efforts worldwide and disproportionately affecting the poorest regions and people. In such a world, the government, policymakers, international organizations have a crucial role to play. Studies in recent times have shown how climate change is creating a rift between developed and developing nations and the importance of the principle of ‘common but differentiated responsibilities’ formalized by the UNFCCC. However, very less focus is on how climate change inflicted inequalities is affecting global politics, the role of governments in tackling the same, and how these changes themselves alter the nature and state of governance. The paper seeks to study and critically analyze the inequalities caused by climate change and its future impacts with a major focus on Asia and Africa. The global climate politics and how it changed the nature of state and governance. Comparing the policies and steps taken by the government of India and other countries to mitigate these climate change inflicted inequalities under the United Nations SDG 10: “Reduce inequality within and among countries” and SDG 13: “Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts”. Finally discussing how to reduce these inequalities targeting the necessity of contriving policies based on deeper analyses of the concrete circumstances of a country. Following the promise of 'leaving no one behind', people-centered approaches are at the core of our response. To conclude, the vicious cycle of climate change, political inaction, and inequality need to be broken if momentous steps to preserve the Earth and the dignity of its human inhabitants are to ever prosper. The need of the hour is to understand that awareness without the ability to hold corporations, countries, and individuals accountable will not result in major action on climate change-inflicted inequalities. Above all, we need to restore our trust in collective action through government, politics, and other means.
Simulation of an Infiber Sensor Structure Obtained by Optical Breakdown.
Authors: Konin Yuri Alexandrovich , Starikova Victoria Alexandrovna , Grachev Nikita Alexandrovich , Petrov Andrey Anatolievich 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The paper considers a quasi-periodic structure of microcavities formed under the fiber fuse effect in optical fiber, which can be used as a sensing element for an optical sensor based on a Fabry-Perot interferometer or an optical radiation scatterer with improved parameters of flexibility and robustness. Mathematical modelling of the radiation propagation and reflection on the microcavities of the in-fiber structure will make it possible to predict the characteristics of the sensors to be developed. The modelling was performed in the COMSOL Multyphysics package, Electromagnetic Waves unit, Frequency Domain. A section of SMF-28e single-mode fiber with microcavities placed in the core and whose dimensions were measured in the course of empirical investigation was examined. To solve the problem, a system of equations describing the propagation of a plane electromagnetic wave in matter was compiled. The results showed that the calculated reflection spectrum qualitatively coincides with the measured value but does not describe it with high accuracy. This can be attributed to the fact that the model does not take into account the intermodal interference in the fiber and does not have an introduced melt zone around the microcavities, as such a melt zone has a complex refractive index distribution and composition.
Homozygous loss-of-function variants in FILIP1 cause autosomal recessive arthrogryposis multiplex congenita
Authors: Schnabel Franziska , Schuler Elisabeth , Al-Maawali Almundher , Chaurasia Ankur , Syrbe Steffen , Al-Kindi Adila , Bhav Gandham SriLakshmi , Shukla Anju , Altmüller Janine , Nürnberg Peter , Banka Siddharth , Girisha Katta M , Li Yun , Wollnik Bernd , Yigit Gökhan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita forms a broad group of clinically and etiologically heterogeneous disorders characterized by congenital joint contractures that involve at least two different parts of the body. Neurological and muscular disorders are commonly underlying arthrogryposis. Here, we report five affected individuals from three independent families sharing an overlapping phenotype with congenital contractures affecting shoulder, elbow, hand, hip, knee and foot as well as scoliosis, reduced palmar and plantar skin folds, microcephaly and facial dysmorphism. Using exome sequencing, we identified homozygous truncating variants in FILIP1 in all patients. FILIP1 is a regulator of filamin homeostasis required for the initiation of cortical cell migration in the developing neocortex and essential for the differentiation process of cross-striated muscle cells during myogenesis. In summary, our data indicate that bi-allelic truncating variants in FILIP1 are causative of a novel autosomal recessive disorder and expand the spectrum of genetic factors causative of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita.
ZIF-8-doped Au/PEDOT nanocomposite as an effective electrochemical sensing platform for simultaneous detection of catechin and sunset yellow in tea beverage
Authors: Li Junhong , Huang Hui , Deng Lu , Xie Shuqian , Xu Jingkun , Yue Ruirui , Duan Xuemin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a novel composite based on gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), and ZIF-8 has been prepared through the hydrothermal method and used as a promising electrochemical sensing platform for simultaneously detect the catechin (CA) and sunset yellow (SY). In the Au/PEDOT/ZIF-8 composite, PEDOT can not only conduct electricity but also fix Au NPs to boost the sensing performance, and ZIF-8 is added to improve the overall structural properties of the composite. Under optimized conditions, the dual-detection system of this proposed electrochemical sensing platform demonstrated excellent performance for simultaneous detection of CA and SY, with a low limit of detection (LOD, S/N = 3) of 0.1 µM for CA in the linear range of 0.3 ~ 1 µM (R2 = 0.9986) and 1 ~ 50 µM (R2 = 0.9975), the LOD of 1 µM for SY in the range of 3 ~ 25 µM (R2 = 0.9964), respectively. In addition, Au/PEODT/ZIF-8 sensing platform has been successfully applied to simultaneously detect CA and SY in tea drink, indicating the promising application prospect of the Au/PEDOT/ZIF-8 sensing platform in food safety for rapid and field detection.
Efficient prediction of thermal history in wire and arc-directed energy deposition combining machine learning and numerical simulation
Authors: Le Van Thao , Bui Manh Cuong , Pham Thinh Quy Duc , Tran Hoang Son , Tran Xuan Van 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Among metallic additive manufacturing technologies, wire and arc-directed energy deposition (WADED) is recently adopted to manufacture large industrial components. In this process, controlling the temperature evolution is very important since it directly influences the quality of the deposited parts. Typically, the temperature history in WADED can be obtained through experiments and/or numerical simulations, which are generally time-consuming and expensive. In this research, we developed a robust surrogate model (SM) for predicting the temperature history in WADED based on the combination of machining learning (ML) and finite element (FE) simulation. The SM model was built to predict the temperature history in the WADED of single weld tracks. For this purpose, FE model was first developed and validated against experiments. This validated FE model is then used to generate the data to train the ML modes based on the feed-forward neural network (FFNN). The trained SM model can fast and accurately predict the temperature history in the cases which were not previously used for training with a very high accuracy of more than 99% and in a very short time with only 38 s (after being trained) as compared with 5 h for a FE model. The trained SM can be used for studies that require a large number of simulations such as uncertainty quantification or process optimization.
Partial least squares enhance multi-trait genomic prediction of potato cultivars in new environments
Authors: Ortoiz Rodomiro , Reslow Fredrik , Montesinos-López Abelardo , Huicho José , Perez-Rodriguez Paulino , Montesinos-López Osval , Crossa Jose 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
It is of paramount importance in plant breeding to have methods dealing with large numbers of predictor variables and few sample observations, as well as efficient methods for dealing with high correlation in predictors and measured traits. This paper explores in terms of prediction performance the partial least squares (PLS) method under uni-trait (UT) and multi-trait (MT) prediction of potato traits. The first prediction was for tested lines in tested environments under a five-fold cross-validation (5FCV) strategy and the second prediction was for tested lines in untested environments (herein denoted as leave one environment out cross validation, LOEO). There was a good performance in terms of predictions (with accuracy mostly > 0.5 for Pearson’s correlation) the accuracy of 5FCV was better than LOEO. Hence, we have empirical evidence that the UT and MT PLS framework is a very valuable tool for prediction in the context of potato breeding data.
Machine learning prognosis model based on patient-reported outcomes for chronic heart failure patients after discharge
Authors: Tian Jing , Yan Jingjing , Han Gangfei , Du Yutao , Hu Xiaojuan , He Zixuan , Han Qinghua , Zhang Yanbo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) can be obtained outside hospitals and are of great significance for evaluation of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). The aim of this study was to establish a prediction model using PROs for out-of-hospital patients.
Methods: CHF-PRO were collected in 941 patients with CHF from a prospective cohort. Primary endpoints were all-cause mortality, HF hospitalization, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). To establish prognosis models during the two years follow-up, six machine learning methods were used, including logistic regression, random forest classifier, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), light gradient boosting machine, naive bayes, and multilayer perceptron. Models were established in four steps, namely, using general information as predictors, using four domains of CHF-PRO, using both of them and adjusting the parameters. The discrimination and calibration were then estimated. Further analyze were performed for the best model. The top prediction variables were further assessed. The Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) method was used to explain black boxes of the models. Moreover, a self-made web-based risk calculator was established to facilitate the clinical application.
Results: CHF-PRO showed strong prediction value and improved the performance of the models. Among the approaches, XGBoost of the parameter adjustment model had the highest prediction performance with an area under the curve of 0.754 (95% CI: 0.737 to 0.761) for death, 0.718 (95% CI: 0.717 to 0.721) for HF rehospitalization and 0.670 (95% CI: 0.595 to 0.710) for MACEs. The four domains of CHF-PRO, especially the physical domain, showed the most significant impact on the prediction of outcomes.
Conclusions: CHF-PRO showed strong prediction value in the models. The XGBoost models using variables based on CHF-PRO and the patient’s general information provide prognostic assessment for patients with CHF. The self-made web-based risk calculator can be conveniently used to predict the prognosis for patients after discharge.
Clinical Trial Registration: URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx; Unique identifier: ChiCTR2100043337.