bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insight into the Neuroprotective Effect of Genistein-3′-sodium sulfonate against Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischaemic Brain Injury in Rats by Bioinformatics
Authors: Xie Ting , Shuang Liyan , Liu Gaigai , Zhao Shanshan , Yuan Zhidong , Cai Hao , Jiang Lixia , Huang Zhihua 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Currently, therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is the only intervention approved for the treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE), but the treatment window for TH is narrow (within 6 h after birth), and its efficacy is not ideal. Thus, alternative treatments are urgently needed., Our previous studies showed that Genistein-3′-sodium sulfonate (GSS), a derivative of genistein (Gen), has a strong neuroprotective effect in ischemia stroke rats, but its role in HIE is unclear.
Methods
The HI brain injury model was established in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) neonatal rats. Following treatment with GSS, cerebral infarction, neurological function, neuron damaged were assessed 24 h after reperfusion. RNA-Seq and bioinformatics analysis were used to explore differential expression genes (DEGs) and signals, which were validated by Western blotting subsequently.
Results
In this study, we found that GSS not only significantly reduced brain infarct size of rats with HIE and alleviated nerve damage, but also inhibited neuronal loss and degeneration in neonatal rats with HIE. A total of 2170 DEGs, of which 1102 were upregulated and 1068 were downregulated, were identified in the GSS group compared with the HI group. Downregulated DEGs significantly enriched in the Phagosome, NF-κB signalling pathway, Complement and coagulation cascades, and so on. Upregulated DEGs were significantly enriched in the Pathways of neurodegeneration, Glutamatergic synapse, Calcium signalling pathway, and so on.
Conclusion
These results indicate that GSS intervenes the process of HIE-induced brain injury by participating in multiple pathways, which provided drug candidates for the treatment of HIE.
Experimental Study on the Effect of Propionibacterium and Acetic acid on Candida albicans contamination in chicken fillet stored at Chilling Conditions
Authors: Shaltout Fahim , Salem Ramadan , Eldiasty Eman , Diab Fatma 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The current experimental study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of two food additives (Propionibacterium and acetic acid) at four different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 2.5 and 5%) on Candida albicans (C. albicans) including recording their impact on the sensory characteristics of the treated chicken fillet samples in chilling conditions (4 ± 1OC). After physical and microbial examination for nine days of storage, results showed significant improvement in the sensory characteristics of the treated samples, especially with increasing the concentration of the tested additives when compared with the control untreated samples, which were spoiled on the 9th day of inoculation. Regarding the anti-C. albicans effect of the tested materials, in general, C. albicans showed a higher reduction percent with increasing the concentration of the inoculated additives; furthermore, the treated samples with 2.5% and 5.0% acetic acid, after nine days of inoculation, showed more reduction in C. albicans counts than the treated samples with Propionibacterium of the same concentration. Referring to the obtained results, Propionibacterium and acetic acid (2.5% and 5.0%) could be considered good choices for preserving and enhancing the quality of chilled chicken fillets, and may be recommended for their usage in chicken fillet preservation as safe and easily applied food additives.
The expected values and variances for degree-based topological indices in random spiro chains
Authors: Zhang Weilin , You Lihua , Liu Hechao , Fang Xiaona 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a general method of calculating the expected values and variances for degree-based topological indices in random spiro chains are obtained. Based on the general method, the explicit analytical expressions for the expected values and variances of some important degree-based topological indices in random spiro chains are presented, in which some known results are included. Besides, the expected values and variances for degree-based topological indices in random spiro chains are compared. In the end, the extremal values and the average values for degree-based topological indices of a spiro chain with n hexagons are determined.
Differential modulation of the bacterial endophytic microbiota of Festuca arundinaceae (tall fescue) cultivars by the plant-growth promoting strain Streptomyces albidoflavus UYFA156
Authors: Battistoni Federico , Jauri Patricia Vaz , Santos Cecilia de los , Fernández Belén , Sotelo José 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
PurposeThis work explores the effect of inoculation of the plant growth-promoting endophyte Streptomyces albidoflavus UYFA156 on the endophytic microbiota of its host, Festuca arundinaceae SFRO Don Tomás, and of another cultivar, Tacuabé, in which no growth promotion is observed.MethodsIn vitro growth inhibition of fourteen bacterial endophytes from both cultivars was tested in dual cultures. Then, bacterial endophytic DNA was extracted from seeds and 7 and 30 days old plants of both cultivars with and without inoculation, with three replicates of each treatment. The V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced through Ion Torrent and sequences were analyzed with R packages.ResultsDiversity and composition in the seeds, along plant development, and in response to inoculation varied significantly. In 7 days old uninoculated plants, endophytic bacterial diversity was lower in cultivar SFRO Don Tomás than Tacuabé. However, upon inoculation, diversity in the cultivar SFRO Don Tomás increased significantly, approximately two-fold, with respect to uninoculated plants. On the other hand, no differences in diversity were observed in cultivar Tacuabé. Furthermore, microbiota composition varied significantly in plants of the cultivar SFRO Don Tomás upon inoculation, whereas this did not occur in Tacuabé plants. ConclusionGrowth promotion by the endophyte S. albidoflavus UYFA156 is accompanied by an early effect in bacterial microbiota diversity and composition associated with F. arundinaceae plants. These results encourage further explorations about the relationship between bacterial community modulation and plant growth promotion upon bacterial endophyte inoculation.
Case analysis of hepatotoxicity caused by vancomycin
Authors: Wu Jiayao , Zhou Yulu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: To analyze the characteristics and clinical manifestations of liver injury caused by vancomycin, and to provide reference for clinical medication. Methods: Patients with liver function injury who received vancomycin treatment in the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University and Hunan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from 2016 to 2021 were selected for retrospective analysis of their general situation, course of vancomycin, dose, liver function index, severity of liver injury, combined medication, etc. Results: Of the 4562 patients who received vancomycin, 17 patients were finally included, with an incidence rate of 0.37%. There were 12 males (70.6%) and 5 females (29.4%); age 17-84, average 45.41±20.405. All patients were evaluated with Naranjo’s score, score ≥3. The dosage, time and plasma concentration of vancomycin in patients were analyzed, 9 patients (52.94%) had abnormal liver function when they received vancomycin at the initial dose of 1g Q12h. 14 patients (82.35%) with liver injury were combined with 2 ~ 4 drugs, and severe liver injury occurred in patients who combined with 2 drugs. Occurrence time of liver injury was 2-12 days after the initiation of vancomycin, average 4.53±2.401 days, 16 patients (94.1%) showed abnormal liver function within 7 days after medication, and 2 patients with grade 3-4 liver injury all showed abnormal within 3 days after medication. Only 4 of the 17 patients (23.53%) had vancomycin blood concentration within the normal range, and no correlation was found between blood concentration and severity of liver injury. The correlation between the severity of liver injury and vancomycin was analyzed, none of the patients had allergies such as rash, 2 patients (11.76%) had jaundice and fatigue occurred in 5 patients (29.41%); the remaining 10 patients (58.82%) had no symptoms related to liver injury. All 17 patients showed abnormal AST/ALT, and 9 patients also showed abnormal bilirubin; 15 patients (88.24%) liver injury severity was grade 1, indicating mild hepatic impairment, and no correlation between liver injury severity and creatinine was observed. Among the 17 patients, 1 patient received no intervention, 4 patients stopped taking vancomycin after developing liver damage, and 1 patient reduced dose; 11 patients (64.7%) were treated with hepatinica. Conclusion: Although the study concluded that the incidence of liver injury was not high, the liver toxicity of vancomycin should still be paid attention to and the liver function indicators should be monitored during the clinical use of vancomycin.
Transcriptomic Analysis of Hepatitis B Infected Liver for Prediction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk
Authors: Karaoglu Diren Arda , Canlı Secil Demirkol , Simsek Cem , Gure Ali Osmay 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Hepatocellular cancer (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer related mortality worldwide and chronic hepatitis B virus infection (CHB) has been a major risk factor for HCC development. Pathogenesis of HBV related HCC has been a major focus revealing the interplay of a multitude of intracellular signaling pathways, yet the precise mechanisms and their implementations to clinical practice remains to be elucidated. This study utilizes publicly available transcriptomic data from livers of CHB patients in order to identify a population with a higher-risk of malignant transformation. We thus identified a novel list of genes which can generate clear transcriptomic sub-groups among HBV infected livers. The GSEA of one of the groups, which we named “PCI-U”, showed increased expression of cell cycle related genes and enrichment of liver cancer gene-sets in GSEA analysis, in addition an increased level of M1 macrophages, T cell infiltration and inflammation. We suggest that patients with a PCI-U signature be followed closely, as we predict such patients might have a higher chance of malignant transformation.
Effects of hygrothermal and salt mist ageing on the properties of epoxy resins and their composites
Authors: Wang Baoming , Ci Shengzong , Di Chengrui , Yu Junwei , Zhu Bo , Qiao Kun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Epoxy resins have a wide range of outdoor applications wherein they are affected by ageing. In this study, the ageing of epoxy resins and their carbon fibre reinforced composites was artificially accelerated under hygrothermal and salt mist conditions. The moisture penetration along the depth, water absorption, appearance, hardness, the density of the epoxy resins, and the variation pattern of impact strength and tensile strength of the epoxy-based composites were investigated. The ageing mechanisms were explored using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Both the ageing modes had essentially similar influences on the properties of the resins and their composites and did not significantly affect the chemical structure, thermal decomposition properties, and microstructure of the epoxy resin, with physical adsorption of water primarily observed during the ageing process. Though the water penetration rate in salt mist ageing was slightly higher than that in hygrothermal ageing in the early ageing stage, it was essentially the same in the later stage. The absorbed water during the ageing process caused micro-cracks at the interface between the fibres and the resin weakening the interfacial strength and reducing the mechanical properties of the composites.
Electrical Analysis of Logical Proof: an Exploratory Eeg Study of Logically Valid/invalid Inference
Authors: Francisco Salto , Carmen Requena , Paula Alvarez-Merino , Víctor Rodríguez , Jesús Poza , Roberto Hornero 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction. Logically valid deductive arguments are clear examples of abstract recursive computational procedures on propositions or on probabilities. However, it is not known if the cortical time-consuming inferential processes in which logical arguments are eventually realized in the brain are in fact physically different from other kinds of inferential processes.Methods. In order to determine whether an electrical EEG discernible pattern of logical deduction exists or not, a new experimental paradigm is proposed contrasting logically valid and invalid inferences with exactly the same content (same premises and same relational variables) and distinct logical complexity (propositional truth-functional operators). Electroencephalographic signals from 19 subjects (24.2 ± 3.3 years) were acquired in a two-condition paradigm (100 trials for each condition). After the initial general analysis, a trial-by-trial approach in beta-2 band allowed to uncover not only evoked but also phase asynchronous activity between trials. Results showed that (i) deductive inferences with the same content evoked the same response pattern in logically valid and invalid conditions, (ii) mean response time in logically valid inferences is 61.54% higher, (iii) logically valid inferences are subjected to an early (400ms) and a late reprocessing (600ms) verified by two distinct beta-2 activations (p-value < 0,01, Wilcoxon signed rank test). In conclusion, we found evidence of a subtle but measurable electrical trait of logical validity. Results put forward the hypothesis that some logically valid deductions are recursive or computational cortical events.
Clinicopathological and prognostic value of Lysyl oxidase expression in gastric cancer: a meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Jia Zirui , Gao Jiacheng , Wang Yuhang , Zhou Tingting , Zhang Xiangwen , Zu Guo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background:
The association between the expression of Lysyl oxidase (LOX) and its clinicopathological parameters and prognosis in patients with gastric cancer (GC) is still disputed. We performed this meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis to clarify the relationship between the expression and methylation level of LOX with its clinicopathological parameters and prognostic value.
Methods:
We applied odds ratios (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) to study the associations between LOX expression and clinicopathological parameters and overall survival (OS) in GC patients. In addition, association analysis of promoter methylation levels and expression of LOX with its prognostic value was performed using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and four Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. The PRISMA 2020 checklist was used to guide the data extraction and analysis.
Results:
This analysis includes seven clinical studies with a total of 1435 GC patients. LOX expression was related to lymph node metastasis and tumor distant metastasis in GC patients, but not to gender, tumor differentiation, Lauren classification, or tumor depth of invasion. Patients with GC grouped in high-expression of LOX had a much worse OS than those in low-expression. In addition, TCGA and four GEO datasets with 1279 samples were included in the bioinformatics analysis. The bioinformatics analysis showed that patients with high LOX levels had poor OS; low levels of methylation at some cg sites in the LOX gene were strongly related to poor OS and PFS; and methylation levels of LOX are negatively correlated with advanced tumor stage. The conclusion from comprehensive DNA methylation and gene expression analysis supports LOX as a specific diagnostic and prognosis biomarker in GC.
Conclusion:
LOX expression was related to lymph node metastasis, tumor distant metastasis and poor prognosis in GC. Low methylation levels were related to advanced tumor stage and poor prognosis in GC. Integrative analysis supports LOX as a specific diagnostic and prognosis biomarker in GC.
Design and double-stage optimization of synchronous reluctance motor for electric vehicles
Authors: Bekiroglu Erdal , Esmer Sadullah 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this study, a high-power synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) was designed for the traction motor of electric vehicle (EV) and its double-stage optimization was performed. Genetic algorithm and sensitivity analysis methods were used to obtain the best design parameters of the SynRM. Double-stage optimization was carried out to minimize the torque ripple and obtain the targeted torque, speed, and power values of the SynRM. In the first stage, the genetic algorithm method was used to improve the design parameters of the stator and rotor. With the improved stator and rotor design parameters obtained using this optimization technique, it was observed that the torque ripple decreased. In the second stage, the sensitivity analysis method was used. In this method, the effect of changing the skew angle of the stator on the torque ripple was investigated. The magnetic and performance analyses of the designed motor were examined in the optimization process. Analyses were made by ANSYS Maxwell using the finite element method (FEM). It has been observed that the targeted torque, power, speed, efficiency, and torque ripple minimization values are successfully achieved when the performance analysis of the motor is performed using the best stator and rotor parameters obtained through optimization. The results showed that SynRM produces high torque and high power with high efficiency and low torque ripple over a wide speed range. It has been revealed that it is quite proper to use the designed SynRM as a traction motor of new generation electric vehicles.
Marine carbon cycling and sequestration is extremely sensitive to zooplankton grazing in biogeochemical models
Authors: Rohr Tyler , Richardson Anthony , Lenton Andrew , Chamberlain Matthew , Shadwick Elizabeth 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Zooplankton grazing regulates marine carbon cycling by constraining phytoplankton populations and the subsequent transfer of carbon to depth and higher trophic levels. Yet, without robust in-situ data to constrain them, the grazing formulation in state-of-the-art climate models varies largely. We present a new metric to compare how fast zooplankton are assumed to graze in 10 state-of-the-art (CMIP6) biogeochemical models and find they differ by nearly 2 orders of magnitude, implying an ocean populated exclusively with everything from slow-grazing krill to rapidly-grazing ciliates. We use a global, coupled ocean-biogeochemistry model to test the sensitivity of marine carbon cycling to this uncertainty and find the Net Primary Production (NPP) and export efficiency collapse across the range of plausible values. Even when tuned to identical NPP by increasing phytoplankton growth rates, export and secondary production remain extremely sensitive to grazing, likely biasing predictions of future climate states and food security.
Two distinct trajectories of clinical and neurodegeneration events identified in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Zhou Cheng , Wang Linbo , Cheng Wei , Lv JinChao , Guan Xiaoujun , Guo Tao , Wu Jingjing , Zhang Wei , Gao Ting , Liu Xiaocao , Bai Xueqin , Wu Haoting , Cao Zhengye , Gu Luyan , Chen Jingwen , Wen Jiaqi , Huang Peiyu , Xu Xiaojun , Zhang Baorong , Feng Jianfeng , zhang Min-Ming 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background Increasing evidence suggests that Parkinson's disease (PD) may have distinct spatial and temporal progression patterns. We aimed to disentangle the distinct trajectories of clinical and neurodegeneration events of PD by using a novel data-driven Subtype and Stage Inference (SuStaIn) model.Methods We enrolled 201 PD patients and 118 healthy controls with comprehensive olfactory, autonomic function, cognitive, sleep, emotional tests, and multimodality MRI scanning (T1-weighted imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, and neuromelanin-sensitive imaging). The volume and mean diffusivity of cortical/subcortical regions, the signal of substantia nigra (SN) and locus coeruleus (LC) were then obtained. Above features were input into SuStaIn model to identify PD subtypes with distinct progress trajectories. An independent dataset with 151 PD patients and 57 healthy controls was used to validate our findings. Finally, the differences in clinical, imaging, biochemical profiles, levodopa treatment response, and longitudinal prognosis between PD subtypes were assessed. Results We identified two distinct PD subtypes: subtype 1 with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD), autonomic dysfunction, SN and LC degeneration as early manifestations and cognitive impairment, limbic degeneration as advanced manifestation; while subtype 2 with cognitive impairment, SN and limbic degeneration as early manifestation, and RBD, LC degeneration as advanced manifestations. The two subtypes were successfully validated in the independent dataset. In addition, we found that subtype 1 showed poorer levodopa response and longitudinal prognosis when compared with subtype 2.Conclusion We demonstrated two PD subtypes with distinct clinical and neurodegeneration trajectories, which are consistent with the recently proposed “body-first” and “brain-first” hypothesis. Meanwhile, the distinct treatment response and prognosis between two subtypes provided new insights into the underlying disease biology and may be useful for ﻿personalized treatment ﻿for individuals with different subtypes of PD.
Changes in masticatory performance during the retention period following extraction and non-extraction orthodontic treatment
Authors: Lee¹ Song-Hyun , Fang¹ Mei Ling , Choi¹ Yoon-Jeong , Yu¹ Hyung-Seog , Kim² Jeehwan , HU³ Kyung-Seok , Lee Kee-Joon 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate changes in masticatory performance (MP) during the retention period after extraction and non-extraction treatment and compare it with MP in the subjects with normal occlusion.
Materials and Methods
Adult patients who had completed orthodontic fixed appliance treatment comprised the extraction and non-extraction treatment groups, and those with normal occlusion comprised the control group. Their mixing ability (MA), maximum bite force (MBF), and occlusal contact area (OCA) were recorded immediately after the fixed appliance was removed and at 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year post-treatment. The MA was measured by the two-color chewing gum MA test using ViewGum software, and the MBF and OCA were measured using Dental Prescale II system.
Results
MA immediately after orthodontic treatment was lower than that in the normal occlusion group but showed a time-dependent gradual increase during a 1-year retention period (P < 0.01). The MA at 1 month post-treatment was not significantly different between the three groups (P > 0.05). The MA showed a significant correlation with the MBF and OCA (P < 0.01).
Conclusions
The MP immediately after orthodontic treatment was lower than that in the normal occlusion group but increased gradually, with levels comparable to those of the normal occlusion group at 1 month post-treatment. Further, extraction did not affect the MP after orthodontic treatment.
Clinical Relevance:
No other study has evaluated the changes in MP during the retention period after orthodontic treatment. The findings show that compared with MBF and OCA, the patients’ MP improved faster to levels found in normal occlusion.