bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-time monitoring of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis by the shadowgraph technique
Authors: Murakami Satoshi , Adachi Hiroaki , Matsumura Hiroyoshi , Takano Kazufumi , Inoue Tsuyoshi , Mori Yusuke 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) with sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and Coomassie brilliant blue (CBB) staining is widely used in protein research and requires time for electrophoresis, staining and destaining. Because the protein bands electrophoresed in the gel are invisible in most cases, the results cannot be observed until the whole process is complete. In this study, shadowgraph was applied to detect biomolecules such as proteins during electrophoresis. A simple optical system and camera-enabled real-time monitoring of migration and separation of individual protein bands in polyacrylamide gels without staining. The visibility was high enough that it was possible to visualize substances other than proteins, such as DNA. This method provides protein profiles instantly in the early stage of electrophoresis. The elimination of the staining and destaining steps will help save researchers’ time. The method is also environmentally friendly and will help reduce the generation of waste solutions containing synthetic dyes.
Transmission of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca ST53 by the Sharpshooter Cicadella viridis From Different Source Plants and Artificial Diets
Authors: Bodino Nicola , Cavalieri Vincenzo , Saponari Maria , Dongiovanni Crescenza , Altamura Giuseppe , Bosco Domenico 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The sharpshooter Cicadella viridis L. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is the most common sharpshooter in Europe and, given its xylem feeding behavior, is considered a potential vector of the plant pathogenic bacterium Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al. (Xanthomonadales: Xanthomonadaceae). We tested X. fastidiosa subsp. pauca ST53 (Xfp) transmission capabilities of C. viridis adults, namely 1) acquisition efficiency from four host plant species—periwinkle, milkwort, lavender, alfalfa—and from two artificial diets (PD3 and Xfm), 2) inoculation efficiency to periwinkle at different times post acquisition from different plant and artificial diet sources. The main European vector species—Philaenus spumarius L. (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae)—was used as a control. C. viridis was able to acquire Xfp from periwinkle, milkwort, and lavender, although with low efficiency (3–16%) and from artificial diets (23–25%). Successful inoculation on periwinkle was extremely rare, being observed only three times, following feeding on milkwort plant and PD3 artificial diet sources. Our study shows that C. viridis is not a relevant vector of Xfp, given the very low transmission rate in controlled conditions, and the inability to feed on olive. The low efficiency reported here correlates with ecological constraints of the vector (mainly monocots host plants, humid environments) that make it difficult to forecast a relevant role in dispersing X. fastidiosa, at least within the present distribution of the exotic bacterium in Europe. However, a possible role of this species in spreading Xf in other agroecosystems, e.g., vineyard and stone fruits grown in humid areas, cannot be excluded.
Mesorectal excision with or without lateral lymph node dissection for elderly patients with mid-low rectal cancer: safety and feasibility analysis
Authors: Zhou Sicheng , Mei Shiwen , Feng Bo , Yang Yingchi , Wang Xin , Wang Quan , Liu Qian ,   the Chinese Lateral Node Collaborative Group
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective
The perioperative safety and survival benefits of lateral lymph node dissection in elderly patients have been less reported. This study aimed to compare short-term and survival outcomes of total mesorectal excision and total mesorectal excision + lateral lymph node dissection in elderly patients.

Methods
A total of 444 elderly patients (≥65 years) with middle-low rectal cancer were enrolled in three institutions and divided into the total mesorectal excision + lateral lymph node dissection group (n = 110) and the total mesorectal excision group (n = 334). Eighty-three matched pairs were selected for evaluation after propensity matching. Data of 297 patients (age &lt;65 years) with middle-low rectal cancer who underwent total mesorectal excision + lateral lymph node dissection were also collected and reviewed. Clinical and pathological features, postoperative outcomes and survival data were collected and analyzed.

Results
Compared with the total mesorectal excision group, the operation time of patients in the total mesorectal excision + lateral lymph node dissection group was significantly longer (277.6 vs. 171.4 min, P &lt; 0.001), and the estimated blood loss was significantly more (119.6 vs. 57.5 ml, P = 0.014). Although there was no significant difference in overall complications (24.1% vs. 14.4%, P = 0.115) and grade 3–5 complications (9.6% vs. 7.2%, P = 0.576) between the two groups, the incidence of urinary retention (10.8% vs. 2.4%, P = 0.029) was higher in the total mesorectal excision + lateral lymph node dissection group. Two groups of patients achieve a similar 3-year overall survival (92.8% vs. 85.4%, P = 0.195) and 3-year disease-free survival (81.5% vs. 73.0%, P = 0.625). In addition, we compared long-term outcomes in 110 elderly patients with total mesorectal excision + lateral lymph node dissection and 297 non-elderly patients with total mesorectal excision + lateral lymph node dissection, and the results showed that 3-year (89.2% vs. 80.9%, P = 0.546) and disease-free survival (76.4% vs. 70.4%, P = 0.346) were similar between elderly and non-elderly patients.

Conclusions
Although urinary retention is closely related to the implementation of lateral lymph node dissection in elderly patients, total mesorectal excision with lateral lymph node dissection could be performed safely with accepted overall and grade 3–5 postoperative complications in elderly patients with rectal cancer. Moreover, elderly patients with clinical lateral lymph node metastasis can also benefit from lateral lymph node dissection as well as younger patients. Prospective studies with large sample sizes are needed to verify our results further.
Neuropathological findings in COVID-19: an autopsy cohort
Authors: Eschbacher Kathryn L , Larsen Rachel A , Moyer Ann M , Majumdar Ramanath , Reichard Robert Ross 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The literature regarding the neuropathological findings in cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection, which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is expanding. We identified 72 patients who died of COVID-19 (n = 48) or had recovered shortly before death (n = 24) and had autopsies performed at our institution (49 males, 23 females; median age at death 76.4 years, range: 0.0–95.0 years). Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 was performed (n = 58) in multiple brain regions. In cases the assay was successfully completed (n = 50), 98.0% were negative (n = 49) and 2% were indeterminate (n = 1). Most histologic findings were typical of the patient age demographic, such as neurodegenerative disease and arteriolosclerosis. A subset of cases demonstrated findings which may be associated with sequelae of critical illness. We identified 3 cases with destructive perivascular lesions with axonal injury, one of which also harbored perivascular demyelinating lesions. These rare cases may represent a parainfectious process versus sequelae of vascular injury. The lack of detectable SARS-CoV-2 by ddPCR or significant histologic evidence of direct infection suggests that active encephalitis is not a feature of COVID-19.
A Retrospective Case-Control Study on the Diagnostic Values of Hemostatic Markers in Hypertensive Disorder of Pregnancy
Authors: Sun Qiujin , Lu Yifan , Zhong Junhui , Yang Xianchun , Zhong Lu , Zhang Wenwen , Weng Yanhua , Xu Zhengwen , Zhai Yanhong , Cao Zheng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the following hemostatic markers in hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP): tissue-type plasminogen activator and inhibitor-1 complex (tPAI-C), thrombomodulin, thrombin-antithrombin complex, plasmin inhibitor-plasmin complex, D-dimer, and fibrinogen degradation products.

Methods
A total of 311 individuals diagnosed with HDP and 187 healthy controls (HC) of matched gestational age were admitted, including 175 subjects with gestational hypertension, 94 with mild preeclampsia, and 42 with severe preeclampsia.

Results
Compared with those of the HC group, the plasma concentrations of all the hemostatic markers continuously increased with the clinical severity of the hypertensive disorder, regardless of their statistical significance. In the receiver operating characteristic analysis, tPAI-C displayed the best discrimination performance.

Conclusion
The tPAI-C level was consistently and significantly elevated across the different HDP groups when compared with the HC group, suggesting aggravated fibrinolysis disorder increasing with the severity of the HDP.
The normative underpinnings of Ireland’s proposed regulation of assisted human reproduction
Authors: Bracken Lydia 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Assisted human reproduction (AHR) challenges traditional understandings of family relationships. Yet, the Irish legislature remains focused on normative constructions of the family and has relied on this understanding as the basis to determine the sort of legal family relationships that it will accommodate in AHR under the Health (Assisted Human Reproduction) Bill 2022. The result is a Bill that adopts a binary view of reproduction that fails to align with broader legal and social developments. The Bill is also exclusionary as it seeks to limit access to AHR treatment to those families that replicate (or have the potential to replicate) the sexual family form. This article examines the normative underpinnings of the 2022 Bill by analysing the gendered language that is used to refer to different aspects of the reproductive process and by critiquing the provisions that restrict access to AHR treatment for certain intending parents. The article challenges the entrenchment of the sexual family in the legal imagination, arguing that there is a need to rethink the approach adopted in the 2022 Bill to ensure that the proposed legislation will accommodate the diverse range of families who will seek to rely on its provisions.
Hubble tensions: a historical statistical analysis
Authors: López-Corredoira Martín 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Statistical analyses of measurements of the Hubble–Lemaître constant H0 (163 measurements between 1976 and 2019) show that the statistical error bars associated with the observed parameter measurements have been underestimated – or the systematic errors were not properly taken into account – in at least 15–20 per cent of the measurements. The fact that the underestimation of error bars for H0 is so common might explain the apparent discrepancy of values, which is formally known as the Hubble tension. Here we have carried out a recalibration of the probabilities with this sample of measurements. We find that thexσ deviation is indeed equivalent in a normal distribution to the xeqσ deviation in the frequency of values, where xeq = 0.83x0.62. Hence, a tension of 4.4σ, estimated between the local Cepheid–supernova distance ladder and cosmic microwave background (CMB) data, is indeed a 2.1σ tension in equivalent terms of a normal distribution of frequencies, with an associated probability P(&gt;xeq) = 0.036 (1 in 28). This can be increased up to a equivalent tension of 2.5σ in the worst of the cases of claimed 6σ tension, which may occur anyway as a random statistical fluctuation.
The discovery of three hot Jupiters, NGTS-23b, 24b, and 25b, and updated parameters for HATS-54b from the Next Generation Transit Survey
Authors: Jackson David G , Watson Christopher A , de Mooij Ernst J W , Acton Jack S , Alves Douglas R , Anderson David R , Armstrong David J , Bayliss Daniel , Belardi Claudia , Bouchy François , Bryant Edward M , Burleigh Matthew R , Casewell Sarah L , Costes Jean C , Eigmüller Phillip , Goad Michael R , Gill Samuel , Gillen Edward , Günther Maximilian N , Hawthorn Faith , Henderson Beth A , Jackman James A G , Jenkins James S , Lendl Monika , Kendall Alicia , McCormac James , Moyano Maximiliano , Nielsen Louise D , Osborn Ares , Sefako Ramotholo R , Smith Alexis M S , Tilbrook Rosanna H , Turner Oliver , Udry Stéphane , Vines Jose I , West Richard G , Wheatley Peter J , Worters Hannah 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We report the discovery of three new hot Jupiters with the Next Generation Transit Survey (NGTS) as well as updated parameters for HATS-54b, which was independently discovered by NGTS. NGTS-23b, NGTS-24b, and NGTS-25b have orbital periods of 4.076, 3.468, and 2.823 d and orbit G-, F-, and K-type stars, respectively. NGTS-24 and HATS-54 appear close to transitioning off the main-sequence (if they are not already doing so), and therefore are interesting targets given the observed lack of hot Jupiters around sub-giant stars. By considering the host star luminosities and the planets’ small orbital separations (0.037–0.050 au), we find that all four hot Jupiters are above the minimum irradiance threshold for inflation mechanisms to be effective. NGTS-23b has a mass of 0.61 MJ and radius of 1.27 RJ and is likely inflated. With a radius of 1.21 RJ and mass of 0.52 MJ, NGTS-24b has a radius larger than expected from non-inflated models but its radius is smaller than the predicted radius from current Bayesian inflationary models. Finally, NGTS-25b is intermediate between the inflated and non-inflated cases, having a mass of 0.64 MJ and a radius of 1.02 RJ. The physical processes driving radius inflation remain poorly understood, and by building the sample of hot Jupiters we can aim to identify the additional controlling parameters, such as metallicity and stellar age.
The HST large programme on NGC 6752 – IV. The White Dwarf sequence
Authors: Bedin L R , Salaris M , Anderson J , Scalco M , Nardiello D , Vesperini E , Richer H , Burgasser A , Griggio M , Gerasimov R , Apai D , Bellini A , Libralato M , Bergeron P , Rich R M , Grazian A 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We present our final study of the white dwarf cooling sequence (WD CS) in the globular cluster NGC 6752. The investigation is the main goal of a dedicated Hubble Space Telescope large program, for which all the observations are now collected. The WD CS luminosity function (LF) is confirmed to peak at mF606W ≃ 29.3 ± 0.1, consistent within uncertainties with what has been previously reported, and is now complete down to mF606W ≃ 29.7. We have performed robust and conclusive comparisons with model predictions that show how the theoretical LF for hydrogen envelope WD models closely follow the shape of the empirical LF. The magnitude of the peak of the observed LF is matched with ages between 12.7 and 13.5 Gyr, consistent with the cluster age derived from the main sequence turn off and subgiant branch. We also find that the impact of multiple populations within the cluster on the WD LF for mF606W below 27.3 is negligible, and that the presence of a small fraction of helium envelope objects is consistent with the data. Our analysis reveals a possible hint of an underestimate of the cooling time-scales of models in the magnitude range 28.1 &lt; mF606W &lt; 28.9. Finally, we find that hydrogen envelope models calculated with a new tabulation of electron conduction opacities in the transition between moderate and strong degeneracy provide WD ages that are too small in comparison to the main sequence turnoff age.
Updated analysis of an unexpected correlation between dark matter and galactic ellipticity
Authors: Winters D M , Deur A , Zheng X 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We investigate a correlation between the dark matter content of elliptical galaxies and their ellipticity ϵ that was initially reported in 2014. We use new determinations of dark matter and ellipticities that are posterior to that time. Our data set consists of 237 elliptical galaxies passing a strict set of criteria that selects a homogeneous sample of typical elliptical galaxies. We find a relation between the mass-to-light ratio and ellipticity ϵ that is well fitted by M/L = (14.1 ± 5.4)ϵ, which agrees with the result reported in 2014. Our analysis includes 135 galaxies that were not in the 2014 analysis, and includes data sets with refined versions of previous methods. The consistency between the present and 2014 analyses reduces the possibility that the initial observation of the correlation came from approximations in the methods used to estimate dark matter content or lower resolution data, thereby lending support to a physical origin.
S-PLUS DR1 galaxy clusters and groups catalogue using PzWav
Authors: Werner S V , Cypriano E S , Gonzalez A H , Mendes de Oliveira C , Araya-Araya P , Doubrawa L , Lopes de Oliveira R , Lopes P A A , Vitorelli A Z , Brambila D , Costa-Duarte M , Telles E , Kanaan A , Ribeiro T , Schoenell W , Gonçalves T S , Menéndez-Delmestre K , Bom C R , Nakazono L 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We present a catalogue of 4499 groups and clusters of galaxies from the first data release of the multi-filter (5 broad, 7 narrow) Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS). These groups and clusters are distributed over 273 deg2 in the Stripe 82 region. They are found using the PzWav algorithm, which identifies peaks in galaxy density maps that have been smoothed by a cluster scale difference-of-Gaussians kernel to isolate clusters and groups. Using a simulation-based mock catalogue, we estimate the purity and completeness of cluster detections: at S/N &gt; 3.3, we define a catalogue that is 80 per cent pure and complete in the redshift range 0.1 &lt; z &lt; 0.4, for clusters with M200 &gt; 1014 M⊙. We also assessed the accuracy of the catalogue in terms of central positions and redshifts, finding scatter of σR = 12 kpc and σz = 8.8 × 10−3, respectively. Moreover, less than 1 per cent of the sample suffers from fragmentation or overmerging. The S-PLUS cluster catalogue recovers ∼80 per cent of all known X-ray and Sunyaev-Zel’dovich selected clusters in this field. This fraction is very close to the estimated completeness, thus validating the mock data analysis and paving an efficient way to find new groups and clusters of galaxies using data from the ongoing S-PLUS project. When complete, S-PLUS will have surveyed 9300 deg2 of the sky, representing the widest uninterrupted areas with narrow-through-broad multi-band photometry for cluster follow-up studies.
Revisiting the [C ii] 158 μm line-intensity mapping power spectrum from the EoR using non-uniform line-luminosity scatter
Authors: Murmu Chandra Shekhar , Olsen Karen P , Greve Thomas R , Majumdar Suman , Datta Kanan K , Scott Bryan R , Leung T K Daisy , Davé Romeel , Popping Gergö , Ochoa Raul Ortega , Vizgan David , Narayanan Desika 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Detecting the line-intensity mapping (LIM) signal from the galaxies of the epoch of reionization is an emerging tool to constrain their role in reionization. Ongoing and upcoming experiments target the signal fluctuations across the sky to reveal statistical and astrophysical properties of these galaxies via signal statistics, e.g. the power spectrum. Here, we revisit the [C ii]$_{158 \, \mu \text{m}}$ LIM power spectrum under non-uniform line–luminosity scatter, which has a halo-mass variation of statistical properties. Line–luminosity scatter from a cosmological hydrodynamic and radiative transfer simulation of galaxies at $z$ = 6 is considered in this study. We test the robustness of different model frameworks that interpret the impact of the line-luminosity scatter on the signal statistics. We use a simple power-law model to fit the scatter and demonstrate that the mean luminosity–halo mass correlation fit cannot preserve the mean intensity of the LIM signal (hence the clustering power spectrum) under non-uniform scatter. In our case, the mean intensity changes by ∼48 per cent compared to the mean correlation fit in contrast to the general case with semi-analytical scatter. However, we find that the prediction for the mean intensity from the most-probable fit can be modelled robustly, considering the generalized and more realistic non-uniform scatter. We also explore the possibility of diminishing luminosity bias under non-uniform scatter, affecting the clustering power spectrum, although this phenomenon might not be statistically significant. Therefore, we should adopt appropriate approaches that can consistently interpret the LIM power spectrum from observations.
Realistic H i scale heights of Milky Way-mass galaxies in the FIREbox cosmological volume
Authors: Gensior Jindra , Feldmann Robert , Mayer Lucio , Wetzel Andrew , Hopkins Philip F , Faucher-Giguère Claude-André 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Accurately reproducing the thin cold gas discs observed in nearby spiral galaxies has been a long standing issue in cosmological simulations. Here, we present measurements of the radially resolved H i scale height in 22 non-interacting Milky Way-mass galaxies from the FIREbox cosmological volume. We measure the H i scale heights using five different approaches commonly used in the literature: fitting the vertical volume density distribution with a Gaussian, the distance between maximum and half-maximum of the vertical volume density distribution, a semi-empirical description using the velocity dispersion and the galactic gravitational potential, the analytic assumption of hydrostatic equilibrium, and the distance from the midplane which encloses ≳60 per cent of the H i mass. We find median H i scale heights, measured using the vertical volume distribution, that range from ∼100 pc in the galactic centres to ∼800 pc in the outskirts and are in excellent agreement with recent observational results. We speculate that the presence of a realistic multiphase interstellar medium, including cold gas, and realistic stellar feedback are the drivers behind the realistic H i scale heights.
Superscattering of water waves
Authors: Qin Zijian , Qian Chao , Shen Lian , Wang Xiaoping , Kaminer Ido , Chen Hongsheng , Wang Huaping 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Inspired by the concept of superscattering in optics, we for the first time theoretically predict and experimentally demonstrate the superscattering phenomenon in water waves. The subwavelength superscatterer is constructed by multi-layered concentric cylinders with an inhomogeneous depth profile. The superscatterer breaks the long-held single-channel scattering limit by several times and thus significantly enhances the total scattering strength. The underlying mechanism originates from the near degeneracy of the resonances of multiple channels. We fabricate the superscatterer prototype and experimentally measure the near-field patterns, which are consistent with theoretical prediction and numerical simulation. Our study opens a new avenue to strengthen water-wave scattering and deepen the understanding in water waves, which can be useful for ocean energy harvesting and harbor protection.