bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Precision Ionic Thermocouples Fabricated Using Potassium Ferri/Ferrocyanide and Iron Perchlorate
Authors: Jeon Jei Gyeong , Kim Hyeong Jun , Shin Gilyong , Han Yusu , Kim Ju Hyeon , Lee Ju Hwan , Lee Junho , Lim Hyeoncheol , Ha Seulki , Bae Minwoo , Yoon Sang‐Hee , Kang Tae June 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA thermocouple is the most widely used electrical component for cost‐effective measurement of temperature in both academia and industry. However, its low sensitivity with typically tens of microvolts per Kelvin needs to be improved to obtain precise measurements. Introduced here is an ionic thermocouple to provide the level of accuracy required of temperature measurements in medicine, precision agriculture, smart buildings, and industrial processes. Ionic conductors are utilized in place of the electrical conductors typically used in the conventional thermocouples (TCs). The ionic thermocouples (i‐TCs) are demonstrated with redox reactions of 10 × 10−3 m potassium ferri/ferrocyanide and 0.7 m iron(II/III) perchlorate, which are electrolytes used as p‐type and an n‐type elements, respectively. The voltage output of the i‐TC that is generated by a change in temperature is approximately two orders of magnitude larger than that of the conventional TC, providing almost two more significant figures in measured temperature. The i‐TC can easily be miniaturized as demonstrated for the in situ temperature measurement of the fluid flowing in the channel of a microfluidic device. A flexible and stretchable i‐TC device is also demonstrated to stably operate up to a tensile strain of 23% with no noticeable degradation in performance.
C,O‐Chelated organotin(IV) derivatives as potential anticancer agents: Synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxic activity
Authors: Someșan Adrian‐Alexandru , Vieriu Sabina‐Mădălina , Crăciun Alexandru , Silvestru Cristian , Chiroi Paul , Nutu Andreea , Jurj Ancuta , Lajos Raduly , Berindan‐Neagoe Ioana , Varga Richard A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOrganotin(IV) chemistry is nowadays in a continuous expansion due to the biological and medicinal potential found for some of these species. Within this study, the cytotoxic activity of several organotin(IV) compounds was investigated on two lung cancer cell lines (H522 and SK‐MES‐1) and on a normal lung cell line in order to have an overview of the toxicity and the selectivity of these derivatives. Moreover, the synthetic protocols, as well as the structural particularities of the novel organotin(IV) species, are also discussed. Hydrolysis of [2‐{(CH2O)2CR}C6H4]2SnPh2[R = H (1), Me (2)] withp‐toluenesulfonic acid as a proton source afford the expected derivatives [2‐(O═CR)C6H4]2SnPh2[R = H (3), Me (4)]. When hydrochloric acid is used in these reactions, a chlorine‐phenyl exchange took place in addition to the removal of the acetal fragments and the following products [2‐(O═CR)C6H4]2SnPhCl [R = H (5), Me (6)] were isolated. Treatment of5with 2 equiv of 3‐aminomethylpyridine in neat affords the imino(aryl)tin compound 2‐(3′‐PyCH2N═CH)C6H4]2SnPhCl (7). The reaction between6and potassium nicotinate allows the isolation of the organotin(IV) carboxylate [2‐{O═C (CH3)}C6H4]2SnPh[O(O)CC5H4N‐3] (8). Compounds1–8were characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy in solution, mass spectrometry, and IR spectroscopy, and their molecular structures were confirmed by X‐ray diffraction analysis. Compounds1–8were investigated for their antitumoral effects onHomo sapienslung cancer cell lines (H522 and SK‐MES‐1) and on a normal bronchial epithelial cell line, BEAS‐2B.
Development and characterization of starch‐based films added ora‐pro‐nobis mucilage and study of biodegradation and photodegradation
Authors: Oliveira Natália Leite , de Oliveira Ana Carolina Salgado , Silva Sergio Henrique , Rodrigues Adrise Aparecida , Borges Soraia Vilela , de Oliveira Juliano Elvis , de Resende Jaime Vilela 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOra‐pro‐nobis mucilage (MOPN) was incorporated into starch films to improve their mechanical, chemical, and retrogradation properties. Films were made in four MOPN content (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%) by casting. Films with added MOPN presented antioxidant capacity varying from 3.9% to 23.3%. Chemical cross‐links between starch and MOPN were observed in Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum, resulting in a reinforced network with the greater young modulus (0.02 Pa, control‐film, to 2.20 Pa, 30%‐MOPN), higher tensile strength (1.34 Pa, control‐film, to 4.38 Pa, 30%‐MOPN), and reduction in elongation (250.32%, control‐film, to 6.55%, 30%‐MOPN). Water vapor permeability did not differ statistically between films. In assays photodegradation, higher MOPN content exhibited less shrinkage of films over time and more loss mass in films during 28 days. FTIR spectrum showed that the films increased crystalline regions during storage, which resulted in stronger aggregation between aligned helices. In addition, water molecules were released which allowed a better alignment of the starch chains. Starch‐based films added MOPN can alternatively be used as active biodegradable packaging since it is able to form cohesive, flexible films and with antioxidant action. Furthermore, MOPN, especially 30% addition, reduces drastic changes in mechanical properties over time.
Insight into the Cycling Behaviour of Metal Anodes, Enabled by X‐ray Tomography and Mathematical Modelling
Authors: Rossi Francesca , Mancini Lucia , Sgura Ivonne , Boniardi Marco , Casaroli Andrea , Kao Alexander Peter , Bozzini Benedetto 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis work tackles the methodological challenge of rationalizing symmetric‐cell cycling data from a materials‐science perspective, through experiment replication, mathematical modelling, and tomographic imaging. Specifically, we address Zn electrode cycling in alkaline electrolyte with and without adding tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB). This additive is known from literature, but its practical impact is jeopardized by lack of in‐depth understanding of its behaviour. Electrochemical testing was carried out at practically relevant current densities and the effect of variations of operating conditions was taken into account. The physical chemistry underlying cell potential profiles, has been modelled mathematically, accounting for: electrokinetics, mass‐transport, electrode shape change and passivation. In particular, we disclosed an unexpected joint effect of TBAB and current density on passivation time: tomography allowed to rationalise this behaviour in terms of precipitate morphology.
Facile Fabrication of PBS/CNTs Nanocomposite Foam for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
Authors: Luo Jingyun , Yin Dexian , Yu Kejing , Zhou Hongfu , Wen Bianying , Wang Xiangdong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn order to reduce the pollutants of environment and electromagnetic waves, environment friendly polymer foams with outstanding electromagnetic interference shielding are imminently required. In this paper, a kind of electromagnetic shielding, biodegradable nanocomposite foam was fabricated by blending poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) followed by foaming with supercritical CO2. The crystallization temperature and melting temperature of PBS/CNTs nanocomposites with 4 wt % of CNTs increased remarkably by 6 °C and 3.1 °C compared with that of pure PBS and a double crystal melting peak of various PBS samples appeared in DSC curves. Increasing the CNT content from 0 to 4 wt % leads to an increase of approximately 3 orders of magnitude in storage modulus and nearly 9 orders of magnitude in enhancement of electrical properties. Furthermore, CNTs endowed PBS nanocomposite foam with adjustable electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding property, giving a specific EMI shielding effectiveness of 28.5 dB cm3/g. This study provides a promising methodology for preparing biodegradable, lightweight PBS/CNTs foam with outstanding electromagnetic shielding properties.
A Study on Characterization and Prevention of Shadows in Cast Mono‐Crystalline Silicon Ingots
Authors: Zhou Naigen , Liu Shilong , Zhou Panbing , Lei Qi , Zhou Lang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDark shadow areas often appear in infrared images of cast monocrystalline silicon (CMC‐Si) ingots. In this work, the formation of shadow and how to avoid it by optimizing the growth process are analyzed. The analysis of scanning electron microscopy & energy dispersive spectroscopy show that the shadows in CMC‐Si are caused by dispersed SiC particles. These particles will further induce a great number of dislocations, subgrain boundaries, and strip‐shaped grains, which decrease the quality and the minority carrier lifetime of CMC‐Si. In addition, an optimized process has proposed and successfully produced a silicon ingot without any shadows. By comparing the traditional and optimized processes, the shadow formation mechanism is studied and found preventing shadow formation by keeping the liquid phase temperature gradient smooth, the maximum crystal growth rate is not more than 1.1 cm h−1 and reducing the value of GL/V below 0.235.
Dual specificity phosphatase 22 relates to skin lesion degree and biologics history, while its longitudinal elevation during treatment reflects better outcome in psoriasis patients
Authors: E Cailing , Fang Yong , Wu Shixing , Meng Zudong , Qin Guifang , Yang Jiaoli 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundDual specificity phosphatase 22 (DUSP22) plays an important role in the regulation of immune and inflammation, but its correlation with clinical features and treatment outcome in psoriasis patients is still unclear. This study was to investigate the longitudinal change of DUSP22 with time, as well as its association with disease activity and treatment response in psoriasis patients.MethodsTotally, 120 psoriasis patients, 50 patients with other skin inflammations as disease controls (DCs), and 50 health controls (HCs) were recruited. Serum samples were collected from psoriasis patients at baseline, month (M)1, M3, and M6 after initiation of etanercept‐based treatment as well as from DCs and HCs after enrollment to assess DUSP22 level by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsDUSP22 was lower in psoriasis patients than in HCs and DCs (both p < 0.001). Besides, in psoriasis patients, DUSP22 was associated with lower psoriasis area severity index (PASI) score (p = 0.001) and systemic biological treatment history (p = 0.023), but not with other demographics, disease characteristics, or treatment history (all p>0.05). In addition, DUSP22 was increased with time (p < 0.001) in total patients. Moreover, DUSP22 at M3 (p = 0.004) and M6 (p < 0.001) was higher in response patients than in non‐response patients evaluated by PASI 75. Additionally, DUSP22 at M3 (p < 0.001) and M6 (p = 0.003) was also increased in response patients compared with non‐response patients evaluated by PASI 90.ConclusionDUSP22 decreases and negatively correlates with disease activity, while its longitudinal elevation with time reflects satisfactory treatment response in psoriasis patients.
Impact on NK cell functions of acute versus chronic exposure to extracellular vesicle‐associated MICA: Dual role in cancer immunosurveillance
Authors: Vulpis Elisabetta , Loconte Luisa , Peri Agnese , Molfetta Rosa , Caracciolo Giulio , Masuelli Laura , Tomaipitinca Luana , Peruzzi Giovanna , Petillo Sara , Petrucci Maria Teresa , Fazio Francesca , Simonelli Lucilla , Fionda Cinzia , Soriani Alessandra , Cerboni Cristina , Cippitelli Marco , Paolini Rossella , Bernardini Giovanni , Palmieri Gabriella , Santoni Angela , Zingoni Alessandra 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNatural killer (NK) cells are innate cytotoxic lymphocytes that play a key role in cancer immunosurveillance thanks to their ability to recognize and kill cancer cells. NKG2D is an activating receptor that binds to MIC and ULBP molecules typically induced on damaged, transformed or infected cells. The release of NKG2D ligands (NKG2DLs) in the extracellular milieu through protease‐mediated cleavage or by extracellular vesicle (EV) secretion allows cancer cells to evade NKG2D‐mediated immunosurveillance. In this work, we investigated the immunomodulatory properties of the NKG2D ligand MICA*008 associated to distinct populations of EVs (i.e., small extracellular vesicles [sEVs] and medium size extracellular vesicles [mEVs]). By using as model a human MICA*008‐transfected multiple myeloma (MM) cell line, we found that this ligand is present on both vesicle populations. Interestingly, our findings reveal that NKG2D is specifically involved in the uptake of vesicles expressing its cognate ligand. We provide evidence that MICA*008‐expressing sEVs and mEVs are able on one hand to activate NK cells but, following prolonged stimulation induce a sustained NKG2D downmodulation leading to impaired NKG2D‐mediated functions. Moreover, our findings show that MICA*008 can be transferred by vesicles to NK cells causing fratricide. Focusing on MM as a clinically and biologically relevant model of tumour‐NK cell interactions, we found enrichment of EVs expressing MICA in the bone marrow of a cohort of patients. All together our results suggest that the accumulation of NKG2D ligands associated to vesicles in the tumour microenvironment could favour the suppression of NK cell activity either by NKG2D down‐modulation or by fratricide of NK cell dressed with EV‐derived NKG2D ligands.
Change in posttraumatic stress disorder–related thoughts during treatment: Do thoughts drive change when pills are involved?
Authors: Rauch Sheila A.M. , Kim H. Myra , Venners Margaret R. , Porter Katherine E. , Norman Sonya B. , Simon Naomi M. , Rothbaum Barbara O. , Tuerk Peter W. , Acierno Ronald E. , Bui Eric , Powell Corey , Smith Erin R. , Goetter Elizabeth , McSweeney Lauren B. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPosttraumatic negative thoughts about one's self and the world are related to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity and change in cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT), but little is known about this association when CBT is delivered with medication. The current study presents a planned comparison of changes in negative posttraumatic thoughts during (a) prolonged exposure (PE) plus pill placebo (PE+PLB), (b) sertraline plus enhanced medication management (SERT+EMM), and (c) PE plus sertraline (PE+SERT) as part of a randomized clinical trial in a sample of 176 veterans. Lagged regression modeling revealed that change in posttraumatic negative thoughts was associated with PTSD symptom change in the conditions in which participants received sertraline, ds = 0.14–0.25, ps = 0.04–.001). However, contrary to previous research, the models that started with symptom change were also statistically significant, d = 0.23, p < .001, for the lagged effect of symptoms on negative thoughts about self in the SERT+EMM condition, indicating a bidirectional association between such thoughts and PTSD symptoms. In the PE+PLB condition, no significant association between posttraumatic thoughts and PTSD symptoms emerged in either direction. These results suggest that the previously demonstrated role of change in posttraumatic thoughts leading to PTSD symptom reduction in PE may be altered when combined with pill administration, either active or placebo.
Depressive symptoms among recent Latinx immigrants in South Florida: The role of premigration trauma and stress, postimmigration stress, and gender
Authors: Vazquez Vicky , Rojas Patria , Cano Miguel Ángel , De La Rosa Mario , Romano Eduardo , Sánchez Mariana 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn the past decade, recent Latinx immigrants (RLIs) from South and Central America have arrived in the United States seeking asylum from countries affected by war, political upheaval, and high crime and poverty rates. The premigration stress and trauma they experience are further compounded by postimmigration stress due to discrimination, lack of access to health care, and financial instability. Evidence suggests RLIs who experience such stress and trauma have an increased risk of developing depressive symptoms. We examined the combined effect of premigration stress and trauma and postimmigration stress on postimmigration depressive symptoms; we also explored the moderating effect of gender. Hierarchical multiple regression and moderation analyses were conducted on a cross‐sectional sample of 540 young adult RLIs (age range: 18–34 years, 50.2% men) in South Florida. Higher levels of postimmigration stress, β = .37, p < .001, were associated with increased postimmigration depressive symptoms. No significant associations emerged between premigration stress and trauma and postimmigration depressive symptoms. Moderation analyses revealed no significant interaction effect of gender. Post hoc analyses indicated that country/region of origin moderated the relation between postimmigration stress and depressive symptoms such that the association was stronger among Venezuelan, β = 1.51, p < .001; other South American, β = 1.06, p < .001; and Central American/Mexican RLIs, β = 1.38, p < .001, compared with Caribbean RLIs, β = .45, p = .122. These findings suggest that interventions focused on addressing postimmigration stress early in the immigration process can potentially lower subsequent depressive symptoms among RLIs.
Pain at the Cochlear Implant Site Requiring Device Removal in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Shearer A. Eliot , Wang Alicia , Lawton Maranda , Lachenauer Catherine , Brodsky Jacob R. , Poe Dennis , Kenna Margaret , Licameli Greg 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivesIdiopathic pain at the cochlear implant (CI) site outside of the immediate postoperative period is an uncommon occurrence but may necessitate device explantation. Our objective was to describe the clinical course for pediatric patients with CI site pain who ultimately required device explantation.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.MethodsWe performed a retrospective database review of CIs performed at a tertiary referral center for pediatric cochlear implantation. We specifically evaluated pediatric patients who presented with pain at or near the CI device site and ultimately required explantation.ResultsFifteen patients (16 CIs) had pain at or near the CI site requiring device explantation. Cultures taken during site exploration or device explantation identified bacteria in 86% and 81% of procedures, respectively. Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus non‐aureus were the most commonly identified organisms.ConclusionsThe majority of patients with idiopathic pain in this cohort ultimately requiring CI explantation had chronic bacterial colonization.Level of Evidence4 (Case series) Laryngoscope, 132:2044–2049, 2022
Deep Eutectic Solvent—A Novel Additive to Induce Gamma Crystallization and Alpha‐to‐Gamma Phase Transition of PVDF
Authors: Yuan Muhua , Wang Haijun , Li Huihui , Yuan Chunlei , Wang Tong , Yang Haibo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAdding additives is the most convenient and effective way to induce polar poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) crystals which exhibit excellent ferroelectronic, piezoelectric, and dielectric properties. In this work, a kind of environmentally friendly additive, deep eutectic solvent (DES), is introduced to induce the crystallization of polar phases and accelerate theα‐to‐γphase transition, which enables the fraction ofγ(γ′)‐phase crystals to exceed 90% in the PVDF/DES composite containing only 1 wt% DES. The ion–dipole interaction between PVDF and hydrogen bond acceptor in DES induces the polar molecular conformation, thus bringing about the formation of polar phase crystals. However, hydrogen bond donor promotes the dispersion of hydrogen bond acceptor in PVDF matrix, contributing to the flexibility of the composites.
Kunststofftechnik: Thermischen Abbau erkennen
Authors: Binder Wolfgang H. , Funtan Alexander 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPolymere Werkstoffe altern in ihren Anwendungen, etwa in Elektromotoren. Diese lassen sich mit der Zeit nur noch eingeschränkt verwenden. Sensorsysteme detektieren solche Schäden und helfen, Fehlfunktionen zu vermeiden, indem sie notwendige Reparaturen anzeigen.
Prozesstechnik: Kesselkaskaden
Authors: Ehrensberger Christian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEinem Prozess Ausgangsstoffe kontinuierlich zuzuführen und Produkte ebenso zu entnehmen, statt Charge für Charge zu produzieren, bietet Vorteile. Kontinuierliche Prozesse brauchen dazu eine andere Analysentechnik, und oft ist es besser, beide Methoden zu kombinieren.
A previously undescribed cranial surgery technique in the Carpathian Basin 10th century CE
Authors: Kis Luca , Tihanyi Balázs , Király Kitty , Berthon William , Spekker Olga , Váradi Orsolya Anna , Nagy Réka , Neparáczki Endre , Révész László , Szabó Árpád , Pálfi György , Bereczki Zsolt 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the authors give a new insight to the indication and preparation of trepanations through the analysis of a newly discovered case of 10th‐century‐CE surgical trepanation found in the material of Sárrétudvari‐Poroshalom. We also intend to outline the implications of this particular case to the general methodology of trepanation research. We estimated basic anthropological data (sex and age‐at‐death) and performed analyses of paleopathological and activity‐related lesions. Computed tomography, radiocarbon, and genetic analyses were also conduced. Beside other prior traumas, two codependent lesions were detected on the right parietal bone with no sign of healing. In this lesion complex, an original sharp force trauma was observable surrounded by two curved, intentionally created furrows, which can be interpreted as attempted surgical trepanation presumably performed with a U‐shaped gouge. The results of the analysis of activity‐related changes and archeological examination corroborate the assumption that the injuries described on the skull may have been, indeed, acquired during activities connected to military lifestyle, and the individual may have been a high‐ranking military leader in his community. This unique case has paramount importance providing more detailed knowledge of past medical practices. The application of U‐shaped gouge has not been formerly documented in the literature, which opens a new perspective both in the osteological investigation of these interventions and the archeological research concerning ancient medical technology. Our results may suggest a possible mode of tool use, and aid future reconstruction attempts concerning the hypothesized 10th‐century‐CE trepan from Tiszaeszlár–Bashalom.
Development of Starch Nanoparticle from Mango Kernel in Comparison with Cereal, Tuber, and Legume Starch Nanoparticles: Characterization and Cytotoxicity
Authors: Nain Vikash , Kaur Maninder , Sandhu Kawaljit Singh , Thory Rahul , Sinhmar Archana 
Published: January 2022

AbstractStarch nanoparticles (SNPs) are developed from mango kernel starch and are compared with wheat, potato, mungbean, and water chestnut starch nanoparticles. The synthesized SNPs are investigated for their thermal properties, particle size, degree of relative crystallinity and cytotoxicity. The average particle size of SNPs from different botanical sources range from 100 to 514 nm. Mango kernel starch nanoparticles show the highest particle size. Starch nanoparticles from all botanical sources show X‐ray diffraction (XRD) patterns similar to their native counterpart starches. SNPs from wheat, mango kernel, and water chestnut show A‐type XRD patterns but the relative crystallinity of SNPs is observed to be higher as compared to native starches. From the thermogravimetric analysis, it is observed that degradation temperature for 10% loss weight vary significantly. The study reveals that mango kernel SNPs show good biocompatibility with human HeLa cell lines as compared to all other sources except water chestnut SNPs.