bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oldukça Nadir Görülen Toplum Kaynaklı Yara Yeri Enfeksiyonu Etkeni: Ralstonia pickettii
Authors: ALKAN BİLİK Özge , İNCE Fatma Meral , ÖZCAN Nida 
Published: September 2022

Ralstonia pickettii (R. pickettii), Ralstonia cinsi içerisinde en sık rastlanılan tür olup non-fermenter, aerobik, Gram-negatif bir basildir. Fırsatçı bir patojen olan bakteri, hastane ortamından ve çevresel kaynaklardan bulaşabilir. R. pickettii immunkompetan bireylerde oral flora ve üst solunum yolu florasında kommensal olarak yaşayabilirken immun-kompromize kişilerde şiddetli enfeksiyonlara neden olabilmektedir. R. pickettii ile ilgili toplum kaynaklı rapor edilmiş az sayıda vaka bildirilmişken, genellikle hastane kaynaklı enfeksiyonlar rapor edilmiştir. Bu olguda ise toplum kökenli yara yeri enfeksiyonu olan erişkin bir hasta sunulmuştur.
Alt ekstremitede seropürülan akıntılı açık lezyon şikayeti ile başvuran 69 yaşında kadın hastanın laboratuvar parametrelerinden lökosit ve nötrofil sayısı ile sedimantasyon hızı değeri normalden yüksek olarak değerlendirildi. Yara kültürü alınan hastaya sefuroksim aksetil 2 x 500 mg/gün tablet tedavisi ampirik olarak başlandı. Numuneden hazırlanan Gram boyalı preparatta bol PMNL ve gram negatif basiller görüldü, Q-skoru Q3 olarak değerlendirildi. Kültürde üremiş olan koloniler Vitek 2 Compact (bioMerieux, Fransa) otomatize sistemi ile R. pickettii olarak tanımlandı. Mikroorganizmanın antibiyotik duyarlılık testi yine aynı otomatize sistem ile çalışıldı. Suş gentamisin, amikasin, piperasilin-tazobaktam, seftazidim, sefepim, siprofloksasin ve meropeneme standart dozda duyarlı iken trimetoprim-sulfametoksazole dirençliydi. 3 gün sonra poliklinik kontrolüne gelen hastanın yarasında iyileşme gözlendiği için mevcut antimikrobiyal tedavi devam ettirildi.
Bu olgu sunumunda, R. pickettii’nin toplumdan edinilmiş yara yeri enfeksiyonlarında karşımıza çıkabileceğine dikkat çekmek istedik. Genellikle kontaminant olarak kabul edilen bazı mikroorganizmaların enfeksiyon etkeni olabileceği akılda tutulmalı, toplum kökenli R.pickettii enfeksiyonu olasılığı göz ardı edilmemelidir.
Yapılan literatür taramasında ülkemizden bildirilmiş R. pickettii’ye bağlı toplum kaynaklı yara yeri enfeksiyonuna rastlanmadı. Dolayısı ile vakamız bildiğimiz kadarıyla, Türkiye’de bildirilen R. pickettii’ye bağlı ilk toplum kaynaklı yara yeri enfeksiyonu vakasıdır.
100 Things (or so) a Ship Designer Needs to Know
Authors: Andrews David 
Published: September 2022

It is probably invidious for anyone to propose some 100 things one should know about regarding an endeavour as diverse and complicated as ship design, however we are all familiar with little books in bookshops with “100 things and artist/architect etc. should know”, often accompanied by witty cartoons. Alas the latter has not yet to be achieved in this case – perhaps readers can provide their own illustrations to many of the items or more likely add their own.
The presenter/author of this listing has provided more conventional keynotes than this to several IMDC conferences. These have included “The Fascination of Ship Design” to the 2006 IMDC at Ann Arbor and “Is Marine Design now a Mature Discipline?” to the 2012 IMDC in Glasgow. As the originator of the IMDC State of Art Reports and since 2015 the International Chair of the IMDC series of conferences, the author has sought to bring together those issues that highlight the unique nature of Ship/Marine Design. Aside from ships being our largest mobile artefacts, the process by which they are conceived and brought to fruition is as varied as there are different vessels and consequently it is hard to pin down. In a recent substantial publication, the author produced an argument that the earliest stages of the design of complex vessels were indeed sophisticated, not least in the decision making that should underlie such a process. A summary of this argument and several other publications attempting to address many of the wider aspects of the process are presented as scene setting to the just over one hundred short statements that are listed as one way to convey to current and future practitioners of this challenging “art”, as summarising “what one ought to know”.
The listing is largely due to the author ‘though there are some from other practitioners of ship design that were too good to not include. The author has also found that there seems to be about seven broad categories that the statements seemed to address within the overall ”ship design” field. These are also presented for others to challenge.
An Integrated Simulation Workflow for Automated IMO Maneuverability Verification for Ship Design Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Mucha Philipp , Wheeler Miles 
Published: September 2022

Understanding vessel maneuvering characteristics is important when designing ships. Classification societies require vessels to pass pre-defined requirements for various maneuvers. Within the design process, the use of high-fidelity simulation software can be used to help understand a vessel’s characteristics. Particularly, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approaches can be used to calculate the required hydrodynamic coefficients used in indirect maneuvering calculations. However, this typically requires dozens of simulations to be run with large amount of data processing as well. This paper focuses on an automated workflow that is setup to compute all the tests required to compute the hydrodynamic coefficients required for modelling vessel trajectories while also plotting various maneuvers and comparing the vessel’s performance against IMO regulations. The workflow will determine whether or not the vessel will pass these regulations as well as determine all the required inputs to the maneuvering model. The workflow will be implemented on a pod driven twin screw vessel and a practical example will be showcased while exploring different vessel configurations.
Innovative Maritime Design Education at NHL Stenden University of Applied Sciences
Authors: Kooij Carmen , de Geus-Moussault Sietske , Koelman Herbert 
Published: September 2022

To educate ship designers of the future, NHL Stenden University of Applied Sciences aims to continuously innovate education and update the curriculum, for example looking at digitally enabled education. In agreement with this Design Based Education (DBE) has been introduced, a new educational concept. In DBE, students work on projects that are provided by industry partners with core subjects providing the required information to successfully complete the projects.
Another endeavour is the introduction of the BSc minor “Advanced Engineering Tools for ShipX”, where X is shorthand for design and operation. This course is concentrated on engineering tools and methods that have emerged in the (construction) industry over the past decades. Because quite some tools are implemented in software, the minor starts with a programming course. However, the emphasis of the minor is not on programming, but on algorithms and algorithmic thinking. For programming languages come and go, while smart algorithms remain to serve us for centuries. Additionally in the BSc, gamification is used to educate an old trade: ship stability. Students experience the primary behaviour of a raft and the forces that act upon it in virtual reality. Afterwards the theory will have to be elaborated a bit more, and the students will have to practice with calculations, but first comes the understanding and only then the math.
The master Marine Shipping Innovation focusses on maritime professionals that want to expand their knowledge and learn to innovate. Many students have several years of industry experience and bring with them their expertise and knowledge. A trade they share with their teachers who also combine their teaching job with an additional job in industry. The master offers on demand education, where students can select from a wide range of subjects to further expand their knowledge.
At traditional universities, the focus lies on fundamental research, for example, design methods and design tools. Research at universities of applied science is more practical in nature. Engineering in general and the maritime industry specifically is very practical and the application of research is of high interest to the industry. For that reason the major Marine Technology has been selected to run a pilot for a post master applied research program called a Professional Doctorate (PD). The pilot starts in 2022 and currently the implementation of this program is in full swing.
In short, this article will discuss the education innovations in both the bachelor and master programs for Marine Technology. It will discuss how the changes are implemented and what the effect is on the education. Finally it will discuss the current steps that are taken to successfully introduce the Professional Doctorate.
Impact of Ship Coatings in Ice Covered Waters
Authors: Reimer Nils 
Published: September 2022

Coatings for Ice-Going vessels as well as for Ice-Breaking vessels can significantly influence the resistance while sailing in ice-covered waters. Corresponding to the ice-breaking capability and the operational profile different coating variants can be applied. For vessels which are not or only partially sailing in ice covered waters anti fouling is an important part of the coating while vessels mainly operating in ice, the friction and abrasiveness are important factors. On the other hand yachts or other vessels requiring a smooth hull finish covering the steel structure are nowadays sailing in ice covered areas more frequently. These hulls are traditionally smoothened by filler while also new developments based on automatically applied foam are in the development phase.
Detailed knowledge of the service durability including the abrasiveness as well frictional coefficient can significantly influence the selection of the optimal paint for the targeted operational profile. To evaluate these effects and to gain a wider knowledge about ice and hull interaction test capabilities are extended during the research project “MegaYachtSchaum” in HSVA’s ice laboratory. The new developed test capabilities for frictional resistance and ice compression tests are presented and described in detail. First tests analyses using the automated test execution and evaluation setup ” are presented. Findings generated by the newly implemented post processing tool will be discussed and conclusions about applicability of the newly developed test capabilities are given based on the example case. Furthermore the new test capabilities for ice friction and compression tests will be discussed based on their future assistance to select the most suitable hull coating for each trade.
Comparative Analysis of Vision Screening Guidelines in the United States
Authors: Brown Nathan J. , Musser VI John A. 
Published: September 2022

Aims: To assess current school vision screening guidelines of states spread across different regions of the United States to inform quality guideline parameters and help combat preventable pediatric vision loss.
Study Design: Cross-sectional comparative analysis.
Methodology: States were first ordered alphabetically and then selected using an online random number generator (Alphabet Inc., Mountain View, California). States were selected until 13 available screening guidelines were identified. Each guideline was assessed using a 10-point multi-factorial scoring criteria detailed in Table 1. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) were calculated for each scoring criteria using Microsoft® Excel (version 16.63.1, Redmond, WA).
Results: Most state guidelines included what ages to screen (84.62%, 11/13), how to screen (84.62%, 11/13), and how to follow-up with students to arrange (92.31%, 12/13) and confirm eye care delivery (76.92%, 10/13). Sadly, only the minority of state guidelines described at least two main causes of amblyopia (46.15%, 6/13), and a less than one-third of school nurse vision screening guidelines discussed the window of time to save vision in amblyopia (30.77%, 4/12). Worse yet, very few nurse vision screening guidelines explained that subjectively a child can’t tell you if they are at risk of developing amblyopia (15.38%, 2/13), or included two treatments for amblyopia (7.69%, 1/13) in the vision screening educational program.
Conclusion: This study found that most of the assessed vision screening guidelines outlined the process of screening and follow-up but failed to emphasize why screening is important, causes, and treatment options for amblyopia. Gaps in these training guidelines may contribute to delayed recognition and treatment for amblyopia¾the leading cause of irreversible pediatric vision loss. Further improvements to vision screening guidelines are needed for school nurses and paraprofessional staff in the majority of the states evaluated.
Extracellular Vesicles in Tissue Engineering: Biology and Engineered Strategy
Authors: Pan Ziyin , Sun Weiyan , Chen Yi , Tang Hai , Lin Weikang , Chen Jiafei , Chen Chang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs), acting as an important ingredient of intercellular communication through paracrine actions, have gained tremendous attention in the field of tissue engineering (TE). Moreover, these nanosized extracellular particles (30–140 nm) can be incorporated into biomaterials according to different principles to facilitate signal delivery in various regenerative processes directly or indirectly. Bioactive biomaterials as the carrier will extend the retention time and realize the controlled release of EVs, which further enhance their therapeutic efficiency in tissue regeneration. Herein, the basic biological characteristics of EVs are first introduced, and then their outstanding performance in exerting direct impacts on target cells in tissue regeneration as well as indirect effects on promoting angiogenesis and regulating the immune environment, due to specific functional components of EVs (nucleic acid, protein, lipid, etc.), is emphasized. Furthermore, different design ideas for suitable EV‐loaded biomaterials are also demonstrated. In the end, this review also highlights the engineered strategies, which aim at solving the problems related to natural EVs such as highly heterogeneous functions, inadequate tissue targeting capabilities, insufficient yield and scalability, etc., thus promoting the therapeutic pertinence and clinical potential of EV‐based approaches in TE.
Organic Small Molecule Contrast Agent for Targeted Photoacoustic Imaging of Patient‐Derived Brain Tumors
Authors: Wu Min , Xiao Kai , Liu Xingang , Yang Yudan , Song Gousheng , Xiao Gelei , Liu Qing , Yuan Jian , Liu Bin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTraditional glioblastoma (GBM) cell lines do not maintain the heterogeneity of the original tumor, cell interactions, and therapy response, thus limiting their investigation in GBM theranostics. Herein, a kind of GBM tumor‐targeting nanoparticles (NPs) TCFNP@iRGD are designed and constructed, which are generated by photoacoustic (PA) contrast agent 2‐(3‐cyano‐4,5,5‐trimethylfuran‐2(5H)‐ylidene) malononitrile (TCF)‐OH through facile nanoprecipitation and decorated with an active targeting ligand iRGD. Their potential in GBM detection via PA imaging on glioma patient‐derived cells intracranial xenograft models is evaluated for the first time. Excellent tumor‐specific PA mapping performance of GBM is realized by TCFNP@iRGD, demonstrating its promising potential in the clinical diagnosis of GBM.
Tailored Ordered Structures with Functional Units of Distorted [NbO6] and Antiparallel [GeO4] for Enhanced Birefringence in Germanate Crystal
Authors: Zhao Wenli , Jiao Jinmiao , She Yuheng , Liang Fei , Ye Ning , Hu Zhanggui , Wu Yicheng , Li Conggang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGermanate oxides have been scarcely studied as promising birefringent crystals due to the inherently weak optical anisotropy. Here, a property improvement strategy with synergetic electron distribution and lattice vibration optimization is proposed by introducing tailored functional units of distorted [NbO6] octahedra and antiparallel [GeO4] motifs in germanates. A prospective Cs3Nb5GeO16 (CNGO) crystal exhibits a breakthrough of experimental birefringence (0.19 at 532 nm), the largest value among the available germanate oxides, as well as a wide transparent window and excellent thermal stability up to 1265 °C. Combined density functional theory (DFT) and dipole moment calculations are performed to unveil the underlying physical mechanism of structure–property relationship. These attributes forebode the great potential of CNGO for manipulating polarized light and open a new avenue for innovating birefringent materials with desirable performances.
Cobalt‐Catalyzed Hydrolysis/C−H Thiolation Cascade Reaction of N‐Aryl Thiocarbamoyl Fluorides with Water: Access to 3‐Alkyl‐2(3H)‐Benzothiazolones
Authors: Yu Miao , Zhen Long , Jiang Liqin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA cobalt‐catalyzed cascade reaction of N‐aryl thiocarbamoyl fluorides and water has been developed, providing access to 3‐alkyl‐2(3H)‐benzothiazolones in 48–83% yields. This protocol for 3‐alkyl‐2(3H)‐benzothiazolones precludes bad‐smell and toxic reagents. Mechanistic studies suggest that the transformation proceeds through hydrolysis followed by dehydrogenative coupling to form C−S bond involving a radical process.magnified image
Spatially Confined Face‐Selective Growth of Large‐Area 2D Organic Molecular Crystals in a Supramolecular Gel for Highly Efficient Flexible Photodetection
Authors: Shen Chaowen , Han Pan , Zheng Zhi , Jiang Wenhe , Gao Sheng , Hua Chunxia , Chen Cheng Lung , Xia Fan , Zhai Tianyou , Liu Kaiqiang , Fang Yu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract2D organic molecular crystals (2DOMCs) are promising materials for the fabrication of high‐performance optoelectronic devices. However, the growth of organic molecules into 2DOMCs remains a challenge because of the difficulties in controlling their self‐assembly with a preferential orientation in solution‐process crystallization. Herein, fullerene is chosen as a model molecule to develop a supramolecular gel crystallization approach to grow large‐area 2DOMCs by controlling the perfect arrangement on the {220} crystal plane with the assistance of a gelated solvent. In this case, the gel networks provide tuneable confined spaces to control the crystallization kinetics toward the growth of dominant crystal faces by their inhibiting motions of solvent or solute molecules to enable the growth of perfect crystals at appropriate nucleation rates. As a result, a large‐area fullerene 2DOMC is produced successfully and its corresponding device on a flexible substrate exhibits excellent bendable properties and ultra‐high weak light detection ability (2.9 × 1011 Jones) at a 10 V bias upon irradiation with 450 nm incident light. Moreover, its photoelectric properties remain unchanged after 200 cycles of bending at angles of 45, 90, and 180°. These results can be extended to the growth of other 2DOMCs for potentially fabricating advanced organic (opto)electronics.
Big data promises and obstacles: Agricultural data ownership and privacy
Authors: Wilgenbusch James Charles , Pardey Philip G. , Bergstrom Aaron 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe year 2022 marks the ten‐year anniversary of the White House's Big Data Research and Development Initiative. While this initiative, and the others it spawned, helped to advance the many facets of data intensive research and discovery, obstacles and challenges still exist. If left unaddressed these obstacles will persist and at a minimum limit the potential of what can be achieved by harnessing the many new ways to collect, analyze, and share data and the insights that can be drawn from them. The opportunities and challenges related to Big Data in agriculture touch on all aspects of the general research data lifecycle; from instruments used to gather data, to advanced digital platforms used to store, analyze, and share data, and the innovative insights from using advanced computational methods. The eight papers included in this special issue were chosen in part because they highlight both the challenges and the opportunities that come from all stages of the data lifecycle common across agricultural research and development. These papers grew out of several workshops made possible by the support of the Midwest Regional Big Data Hub, which is sponsored by the National Science Foundation.
Super Light‐Sensitive Photosensitizer Nanoparticles for Improved Photodynamic Therapy against Solid Tumors
Authors: Zhao Jie , Yang Yuguang , Xu Xia , Li Hongyan , Fei Jinbo , Liu Yilin , Zhang Xiaoming , Li Junbai 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective method for superficial cancer treatment. However, the limited light intensity in tissues, tumor hypoxia, and the low accumulation efficiency of photosensitizers (PSs) in tumors are still major challenges. Herein, we introduce super light‐sensitive PS nanoparticles (designated HR NPs) that can increase singlet oxygen (1O2) production and improve PS accumulation in tumors. HR NPs have the ability to produce a large amount of 1O2 under ultralow power density light (0.05 mW cm−2) irradiation. More significantly, HR NPs have a long circulating time in tumor‐bearing mice and can accumulate in tumors with high efficiency. When irradiated by light with a suitable wavelength, the nanoparticles exhibit excellent antitumor efficacy. This work will make it possible to cure solid tumors by PDT by enhancing the therapeutic effects.
Three‐Dimensional Electrochromic Soft Photonic Crystals Based on MXene‐Integrated Blue Phase Liquid Crystals for Bioinspired Visible and Infrared Camouflage
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Yang Yanzhao , Xue Pan , Valenzuela Cristian , Chen Yuanhao , Yang Xiao , Wang Ling , Feng Wei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDeveloping bioinspired camouflage materials that can adaptively change color in the visible and infrared (IR) regions is an intriguing but challenging task. Herein, we report an emerging strategy for fabricating dynamic visible and IR camouflage materials by the controlled in situ growth of novel photopolymerizable blue phase liquid crystals with cubic nanoarchitectures onto highly aligned MXene nanostructured thin films. The resulting MXene‐integrated 3D soft photonic crystals exhibit vivid structural colors and reversible switching between a bright colored state and a dark black state under a low DC electric field. As an illustration, proof‐of‐concept pixelated devices that allow for pixel‐controllable electrochromism are demonstrated. Furthermore, a free‐standing electrochromic flexible film of such 3D soft photonic crystals is fabricated, where visible electrochromism and thermal camouflage are enabled by leveraging the superior electrothermal conversion and low mid‐IR emissivity of MXene nanomaterials.
Unusual Quartet‐Doublet Phosphorescence from the Phosphaethynyl Radical, CP
Authors: Ganesan Elavenil , Custer Thomas , Lawzer Arun‐Libertsen , Guillemin Jean‐Claude , Kołos Robert 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe report the first detection of phosphorescence from the phosphaethynyl radical. This rare instance of quartet‐doublet emission, studied here in solid argon, is presumably promoted by efficient intersystem crossing from the originally photoexcited doublet (B2Σ+) to the adjacent second quartet state, 14Δ. Vibronic progressions were traced for the a4Σ+‐X2Σ+ and a4Σ+‐A2Пi systems from their origins up to (v′=0)→(v′′=5) and (v′=0)→(v′′=2) bands, respectively. The measured phosphorescence lifetime is 108 ± 3 ms.