bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facilitators and Challenges of Integrating Experts by Experience Activity in Mental Health Services: Experiences from Finland
Authors: Kivistö Mari , Martin Marjatta , Hautala Sanna , Soronen Kari 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis qualitative study examines the facilitators and challenges of integrating Experts by Experience (EbyE) activity in mental health services in the public sector from the perspective of mental health professionals and trained EbyE. The research data consist of four focus group interviews conducted in one hospital district in Finland. In the hospital district, EbyE activity is an established working model in mental health services. The professional focus groups had 9, and the EbyE focus groups had 13 participants. The data were analysed using abductive content analysis. The experiences of professionals and EbyE emphasised the successful integration of EbyE activity. The identified facilitators of integration included an organisational culture that values EbyE activity, facilitating operating structures, and extensive implementation and utilization of EbyE activities. Despite successful integration, certain challenges were described with regard to actors and practices. The findings indicate that the hospital district has overcome many of the obstacles to the integration identified in previous studies. The findings highlight the role of effectively implemented, organised EbyE activity.
What’s in it for me? A mixed-methods study on teachers’ value creation in an inter-institutional community on open educational resources in higher education
Authors: Baas Marjon , Schuwer Robert , van den Berg Ellen , Huizinga Tjark , van der Rijst Roeland , Admiraal Wilfried 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe affordances of Open Educational Resources (OER) have resulted in various initiatives around the world, but most of them cease to exist once the initial project funding stops. Communities might be a means to create sustainable practices, yet, such communities can only function if their members perceive these communities as valuable. We applied the value creation framework of Wenger, Trayner, and De Laat to examine the value teachers ascribe to their engagement with an inter-institutional community on OER. In this community, 15 universities of applied sciences collaborated on sharing knowledge and resources across their institutional barriers. We collected data through user statistics, an online questionnaire, and semi-structured interviews. Major value creation occurred from teachers’ personal needs, with dominant immediate and potential values. Findings on applied and realized values denote that it became easier for teachers to connect with peers, and to initiate collaboration projects across institutes. The framework we used is helpful to inform actions to further promote value creation in communities on OER. Recommendations relating to communities’ aspirations, its relations with the wider organization, and adoption of OER are formulated to inform sustainable practices of inter-institutional communities.
Combining statistical methods for detecting potential outliers in groundwater quality time series
Authors: Berendrecht Wilbert , van Vliet Mariëlle , Griffioen Jasper 
Published: November 2022

AbstractQuality control of large-scale monitoring networks requires the use of automatic procedures to detect potential outliers in an unambiguous and reproducible manner. This paper describes a methodology that combines existing statistical methods to accommodate for the specific characteristics of measurement data obtained from groundwater quality monitoring networks: the measurement series show a large variety of dynamics and often comprise few (< 25) measurements, the measurement data are not normally distributed, measurement series may contain several outliers, there may be trends in the series, and/or some measurements may be below detection limits. Furthermore, the detection limits may vary in time. The methodology for outlier detection described in this paper uses robust regression on order statistics (ROS) to deal with measured values below the detection limit. In addition, a biweight location estimator is applied to filter out any temporal trends from the series. The subsequent outlier detection is done in z-score space. Tuning parameters are used to attune the robustness and accuracy to the given dataset and the user requirements. The method has been applied to data from the Dutch national groundwater quality monitoring network, which consists of approximately 350 monitoring wells. It proved to work well in general, detecting outliers at the top and bottom of the regular measurement range and around the detection limit. Given the diversity exhibited by measurement series, it is to be expected that the method does not give 100% satisfactory results. Measured values identified by the method as potential outliers will therefore always need to be further assessed on the basis of expert knowledge, consistency with other measurement data and/or additional research.
On the privacy of mental health apps
Authors: Iwaya Leonardo Horn , Babar M. Ali , Rashid Awais , Wijayarathna Chamila 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAn increasing number of mental health services are now offered through mobile health (mHealth) systems, such as in mobile applications (apps). Although there is an unprecedented growth in the adoption of mental health services, partly due to the COVID-19 pandemic, concerns about data privacy risks due to security breaches are also increasing. Whilst some studies have analyzed mHealth apps from different angles, including security, there is relatively little evidence for data privacy issues that may exist in mHealth apps used for mental health services, whose recipients can be particularly vulnerable. This paper reports an empirical study aimed at systematically identifying and understanding data privacy incorporated in mental health apps. We analyzed 27 top-ranked mental health apps from Google Play Store. Our methodology enabled us to perform an in-depth privacy analysis of the apps, covering static and dynamic analysis, data sharing behaviour, server-side tests, privacy impact assessment requests, and privacy policy evaluation. Furthermore, we mapped the findings to the LINDDUN threat taxonomy, describing how threats manifest on the studied apps. The findings reveal important data privacy issues such as unnecessary permissions, insecure cryptography implementations, and leaks of personal data and credentials in logs and web requests. There is also a high risk of user profiling as the apps’ development do not provide foolproof mechanisms against linkability, detectability and identifiability. Data sharing among 3rd-parties and advertisers in the current apps’ ecosystem aggravates this situation. Based on the empirical findings of this study, we provide recommendations to be considered by different stakeholders of mHealth apps in general and apps developers in particular. We conclude that while developers ought to be more knowledgeable in considering and addressing privacy issues, users and health professionals can also play a role by demanding privacy-friendly apps.
Simulation of photon recycling in ultra-thin solar cells
Authors: Aeberhard Urs 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA comprehensive quantum-kinetic simulation framework considering both the optical confinement and the electronic effects of finite size and strong built-in fields is introduced to assess the impact of photon recycling on the photovoltaic performance of ultra-thin absorber solar cells. The radiative recombination accounts for the actual photon density of states that is modified by cavity effects and plasmonic resonances, and via coupling to a quantum transport formalism, the impact of photon recycling is propagated from rigorous wave optical simulation of secondary photogeneration directly into a modification of the current–voltage characteristics of the full photovoltaic device. The self-consistent microscopic treatment of the interacting electronic and optical degrees of freedom in a functional device context elucidates the impact on photovoltaic performance of nanoscale device design in terms of band profiles and contact layers by revealing their effect on the radiative rates and currents. As an example, plasmonic losses related to metallic reflectors are identified in both, emission and re-absorption, and partial mitigation is achieved via dielectric passivation or detaching of the reflector.
Fast data-driven model reduction for nonlinear dynamical systems
Authors: Axås Joar , Cenedese Mattia , Haller George 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe present a fast method for nonlinear data-driven model reduction of dynamical systems onto their slowest nonresonant spectral submanifolds (SSMs). While the recently proposed reduced-order modeling method SSMLearn uses implicit optimization to fit a spectral submanifold to data and reduce the dynamics to a normal form, here, we reformulate these tasks as explicit problems under certain simplifying assumptions. In addition, we provide a novel method for timelag selection when delay-embedding signals from multimodal systems. We show that our alternative approach to data-driven SSM construction yields accurate and sparse rigorous models for essentially nonlinear (or non-linearizable) dynamics on both numerical and experimental datasets. Aside from a major reduction in complexity, our new method allows an increase in the training data dimensionality by several orders of magnitude. This promises to extend data-driven, SSM-based modeling to problems with hundreds of thousands of degrees of freedom.
Oil and renewable energy returns during pandemic
Authors: Horky Florian , Mutascu Mihai , Fidrmuc Jarko 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe explore the global interactions between oil and renewable energy returns during the Covid-19 pandemic between July 2019 and June 2020. Moreover, we reflect on market stress and global economic activity. In order to deal with challenges generated by exogenous shocks coming from financial, economic or pandemic areas, a battery of advanced time–frequency domain methods is applied, ranging from wavelet transformation and wavelet coherency to wavelet cohesion. The main finding shows that pandemic disease is veritable glue for the oil energy–renewable energy nexus, validating their coupling effect. Additionally, the emerging connection between renewable and financial developments is evidenced during the pandemic crisis, although the connection between oil and financial developments is still stronger. Finally, both renewable energy and oil markets have comparably strong relationships with the general global economic activity. The policy implications should follow direct adjustments in the renewable energy area, and subsidiary to cover the behaviour of agents on the capital markets.
Double image stress point bounding surface model for monotonic and cyclic loading on anisotropic clays
Authors: Dejaloud Hesam , Rezania Mohammad 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, an anisotropic non-associative constitutive model, based on the well-established critical state soil mechanics framework, is developed for the natural and reconstituted clays subjected to monotonic and cyclic loadings. A robust non-elliptical yield surface is implemented in the model which enables it to capture a wide variety of yield stress points. In addition to a realistic soil stiffness simulation, the employed flexible plastic potential surface equips the proposed model to predict a more accurate coefficient of earth pressure at rest. The model uses a combination of conventional volumetric and comprehensive rotational hardening rules to control the evolution of the yield surface caused by plastic strain increments. The adopted rotational hardening rule uses the concept of governing plastic strain increment which not only ensures the existence of the equilibrium state of anisotropy but also takes the effect of plastic strains at different constant stress ratios into account more sensibly. The proposed model is enhanced with a novel double-image stress point bounding surface plasticity type theory to capture nonlinear behaviour inside the yield surface, and also to simulate the cyclic responses. The detailed model formulation is discussed in both triaxial stress space and the $$e-\mathrm{ln}\, p$$

e
-
ln

p

plane, and the important features of the model are elaborately explored. The capabilities of the model are also demonstrated by an extensive sensitivity analysis. In the end, the model is used to carry out simulations of monotonic and cyclic element tests on different clays and the results are compared with the available experimental data.
Base resistance of super-large and long piles in soft soil: performance of artificial neural network model and field implications
Authors: Huynh Thien Q. , Nguyen Thanh T. , Nguyen Hoang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study aims to examine the performance of artificial neural network (ANN) model based on 1137 datasets of super-large (1.0–2.5 m in equivalent diameter) and long (40.2–99 m) piles collected over 37 real projects in the past 10 years in Mekong Delta. Five key input parameters including the load, the displacement, the Standard Penetration Test value of the base soil, the distance between the loading point and pile toe, and the axial stiffness are identified via assessing the results of field load tests. Key innovations of this study are (i) use of large database to evaluate the effect that random selection of training and testing datasets can have on the predicted outcomes of ANN modelling, (ii) a simple approach using multiple learning rates to enhance training process, (iii) clarification of the role that the selected input factors can play in the base resistance, and (iv) new empirical relationships between the pile load and settlement. The results show that the random selection of training and testing datasets can affect significantly the predicted results, for example, the confidence of prediction can drop under 80% when an averageR2 > 0.85 is required. The analysis indicates predominant role of the displacement in governing the base resistance of piles, providing significant implication to practical designs.
Präventive Verhaltensweisen zum Schutz vor einer Infektion mit SARS-CoV-2 bei Menschen mit gesundheitlicher Vulnerabilität
Authors: Schaedel Lara , Dadaczynski Kevin 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Trotz gesundheitlicher Risiken, die für alle Menschen von SARS-CoV‑2 („severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2“) ausgehen, weisen Bevölkerungsgruppen mit gesundheitlicher Vulnerabilität ein erhöhtes Gefährdungsprofil auf. Zu den Risikogruppen für schwere COVID-19-Verläufe („coronavirus disease 2019“) gehören Personen ab 50 Jahren, Raucher*innen, adipöse Personen sowie Menschen mit bestimmten Vorerkrankungen. Gerade für diese Bevölkerungsgruppe ergibt sich ein erhöhter Schutzbedarf. Inwiefern sich das Schutzverhalten von Personen mit hoher im Vergleich zu Personen mit geringer gesundheitlicher Vulnerabilität unterscheidet, ist bislang wenig untersucht.

Methode
Es wurde eine onlinebezogene Querschnittstudie mit einem „convenience sample“ von n = 210 in Deutschland lebenden Personen im Alter ab 18 Jahren realisiert. Es wurden subjektive Selbsteinschätzungen zur Anwendung von Infektionsschutzmaßnahmen sowie der eigenen Informationssuche und -zufriedenheit bezüglich der Pandemie und der COVID-19-bezogenen Gesundheitskompetenz (GK) erfasst. Die Analyse erfolgte uni-, bi- sowie multivariat, wobei für alle Analysen ein Signifikanzlevel von p < 0,05 festgelegt wurde.

Ergebnisse
Über alle erhobenen Schutzverhaltensweisen hinweg weisen die Befragten eine insgesamt hohe Compliance (84 %) auf. Während das Tragen einer Maske (96 %) und das Vermeiden von privaten Reisen und Händeschütteln (95 %) die höchste Zustimmung erhielten, berührten 47 % der Befragten ihr Gesicht häufig mit ungewaschenen Händen. Jüngere (35 % bis 29 Jahre) sowie Personen mit eingeschränkter Gesundheitskompetenz (28 %) zeigen sowohl in den bivariaten und multivariaten Analyse signifikant häufiger ein weniger ausgeprägtes Schutzverhalten. Hingegen ließen sich differenziert nach Anzahl gesundheitlicher Risikofaktoren keine Unterschiede im präventiven Schutzverhalten feststellen

Schlussfolgerung
Es konnte ein hohes Niveau der Anwendung von präventiven Schutzmaßnahmen bei Befragten dieser Studie ermittelt werden. Sowohl in den uni- als auch bi- und multivariaten Analysen ist die gesundheitliche Vulnerabilität nicht mit einem stärker ausgeprägten Schutzverhalten assoziiert. Insbesondere für Personen mit eingeschränkter coronaspezifischer Gesundheitskompetenz sind Defizite im Infektionsschutz erkennbar, weshalb die zielgruppenspezifische Aufklärung weiter priorisiert werden muss.
Die Kindergartenuntersuchung: eine Bestandsaufnahme zur Umsetzung in Deutschland
Authors: Weyers Simone , Götz Simon , Kreffter Katharina 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Um die Entwicklung der Kinder möglichst früh einschätzen und fördern zu können, gewinnen Kindergartenuntersuchungen an Bedeutung. Sie werden jedoch nicht flächendeckend durchgeführt und es gibt keinen Überblick über die verschiedenen Verfahren.

Fragestellung
Ziel der Arbeit war es, herauszuarbeiten, wie Kindergartenuntersuchungen in Deutschland umgesetzt werden.

Material und Methoden
Es wurden eine Überblicksrecherche und eine systematische Literaturrecherche sowie problemzentrierte Interviews (n = 8) mit relevanten Akteurinnen und Akteuren durchgeführt, die durch die vorangestellten Recherchen identifiziert worden waren.

Ergebnisse
Es existiert eine Vielzahl an Begriffen und Instrumenten, gesetzlichen Grundlagen, kommunalen Kooperationsformen und Verfahrensweisen mit den Ergebnissen. Kindergartenuntersuchungen sind meist in ein Gesamtkonzept eingebettet, mit dem Eltern ins Fördersystem vermittelt werden.

Schlussfolgerung
Das Zusammenspiel wissenschaftlicher Auseinandersetzung, gesetzlicher Legimitation und fachlichen Austausches kann helfen, die Kindergartenuntersuchungen zu stärken und die kindliche Entwicklung frühzeitig zu beurteilen.
Alloy Design for Additive Manufacturing: Early-Stage Oxidation of Nickel-Based Superalloys
Authors: Ghoussoub Joseph N. , Utada Satoshi , Pedraza Fernando , Dick-Cleland William J. B. , Tang Yuanbo T. , Reed Roger C. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This body of work aims to inform alloy design for additive manufacturing by investigating the early-stage oxidation behavior of Ni-based superalloys processed by laser-powder bed fusion. The oxidation of 14 Ni-based superalloys—some novel and some heritage—at 1000 °C for 24 hours is studied through thermo-gravimetric analysis. The mass gain, oxide layer thickness, oxide scale composition, and

$$\gamma ^\prime $$

γ
′

depletion zone size are measured. The influence of the alloy composition on these variables is assessed in order to elucidate how increasingly processable and oxidation resistant alloys can be developed. The alloy compositions with Al content greater than 9 at. pct form continuous Al2O3 scales at 1000 °C and display markedly lower parabolic rate constants, mass gain, oxide layer thickness, and

$$\gamma ^\prime $$

γ
′

depletion zone size. The alloys of lesser Al content have reduced oxidation resistance and formed oxide scales of predominantly Cr2O3. Alloys with Ti content of 2.7 at. pct and greater formed Ti-rich oxide phases in their oxide scales as well as TiN subscale. A trade-off between alloy processability and oxidation resistance is identified, dictated by the deleterious effect of Al content on the ductility dip and the benefit of Al for oxidation resistance. A property space along the pareto front is highlighted which is ideal for having oxidation resistance and processability.
Therapeutic Potency of Ginger, Garlic, and Pomegranate Extracts Against Cryptosporidium parvum-Mediated Gastro-Splenic Damage in Mice
Authors: EL-Shewehy Dina M. M. , Elshopakey Gehad E. , Ismail Amira , Hassan Shimaa S. , Ramez Amany M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Cryptosporidium parvum is a protozoan parasite infecting most mammalian hosts and causing major health issues. The present study investigated the efficacy of ginger (Zingiber officinale), garlic (Allium sativum), and pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel extracts on the development and progression of experimental cryptosporidiosis in mice.

Methods
Eighty-two mice were assigned to 6 groups: control, infected non-treated, metronidazole (MTZ), ginger, garlic, and pomegranate. The control group topically received no treatments. The infected non-treated group was experimentally infected by 104C. parvum oocysts per mouse using a stomach tube. The MTZ group was infected with C. parvum oocysts combined with MTZ (50 mg/kg b.w./day). The ginger, garlic, and pomegranate groups daily received different plant extracts at doses of 100 mg/kg BW, 50 mg/kg BW, and 3 gm/kg BW, respectively, followed by infection with C. parvum oocysts. All treatments were applied orally one day after the infection for continuous 30 days.

Results
Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations for P53 and caspase-3 expressions in stomach and spleen tissues showed that MTZ and garlic-treated mice had a more significant effect on infected mice.

Conclusion
The garlic extract was found to exert a more pronounced effect on infected mice compared with the other treatments as well as to improve health. Garlic extracts, therefore, represent an effective and natural therapeutic alternative for the treatment of cryptosporidiosis with low side effects and without drug resistance.
Prevalence and risk factors for hospital-acquired anemia in internal medicine patients: learning from the “less is more” perspective
Authors: Villani Rosanna , Romano Antonino Davide , Rinaldi Roberta , Sangineto Moris , Santoliquido Mariateresa , Cassano Tommaso , Serviddio Gaetano 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHospital-acquired anemia is defined as a new-onset anemia in hospitalized patients who have a normal hemoglobin level at admission. Its prevalence is unknown and most studies published on this topic have been conducted in intensive care unit patients with limited applicability to less acute settings, such as internal medicine wards. We conducted a retrospective study and enrolled 129 patients who were admitted to an Internal Medicine Unit between October 2021 and February 2022. The median value of phlebotomy during hospitalization was 46 ml (IQR 30–72 ml), whereas the median length of hospital stay was 9 days (IQR 5–13 days). The median value of hemoglobin reduction was −0.63 g/dl (p < 0.001) and the maximum value of drop in hemoglobin value was −2.6 g/dl. All patients who experienced a phlebotomy > 85 ml had a hemoglobin reduction > 0.6 g/dl. 20.9% of patients developed anemia during the hospital stay (7% moderate and 13.9% mild). No cases of severe anemia were observed. The volume of blood drawn during the hospital stay and the Hb value on admission were the only two variables statistically associated with the development of anemia, whereas gender, age, and chronic diseases, such as diabetes, history of cancer, or heart failure, were not. Strategies, such as elimination of unnecessary laboratory tests and the use of smaller tubes for blood collection, are needed to reduce the volume of iatrogenic blood loss and avoid blood wastage occurring during hospitalization in internal medicine patients.