bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maltol mitigates cisplatin‐evoked cardiotoxicity via inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in rodents in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Xing Jing‐Jing , Mi Xiao‐Jie , Hou Jin‐Gang , Cai En‐Bo , Zheng Si‐Wen , Wang Shi‐Han , Wang Zi , Chen Chen , Li Wei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOur current research aims to evaluate the efficiency of a flavor enhancer, maltol (produced by heating ginseng) against cisplatin‐evoked cardiotoxicity by establishing cisplatin‐induced heart injury in vivo and H9C2 rat cardiomyocyte model. The cisplatin‐treated mice at 3 mg/kg for four times on the 7th, 9th, 11th and 13th day, and in them appeared a serious cardiac damage accompanied with the increase in indicators of heart damage. Multiple exposure of 3 mg/kg for four times of cisplatin increased cardiac cells apoptosis with increased expression of Bax and cleaved‐caspase 3, and decreased expression of Bcl‐2. Interestingly, supplement of maltol at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg for 15 days significantly suppressed the cardiac disturbance. In cultured H9C2 cells, maltol enhanced PI3K/Akt expression level during cisplatin treatment, and reduced cisplatin‐induced apoptosis. Notably, inhibition of PI3K/Akt by LY294002 and HY‐10249A lessened the efficacy of maltol. In mice, maltol apparently induced PI3K/Akt in heart tissues and protected against cisplatin‐induced cardiotoxicity. In conclusion, maltol exerted the protective effects against cisplatin‐induced cardiotoxicity, at least partially by inhibiting the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in cardiomyocytes, to ease oxidative stress, and alleviate reactive oxygen species‐mediated apoptosis.
Repeated ultrasound‐guided saphenous and sciatic nerve block in a calf with tibial comminuted fracture undergoing surgical stabilisation
Authors: Ríos‐Álvarez Elena , Serra C. Iván , García de Carellán Mateo Alejandra 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA 4‐day‐old, 32 kg, male wagyu calf presented with a comminuted diaphyseal fracture of the right tibia for surgical stabilisation. The calf was premedicated with butorphanol, anaesthesia induced with ketamine, the trachea was intubated and continuous mandatory ventilation was initiated during surgery. Maintenance was with isoflurane carried in oxygen and medical air mixture. Ultrasound‐guided blocks of the sciatic and saphenous nerves were performed with lidocaine 2% before and after surgery. Rescue analgesia was not required intra‐ or postoperatively, as heart and respiratory rate remained within the normal limits. Meloxicam was the only drug administered during the postoperative period. Two days after surgery, the ultrasound‐guided block was repeated under general anaesthesia to allow the removal of an intramedullary nail and fibreglass cast placement. This case report highlights the feasibility and repeatability of ultrasound‐guided blocks of the sciatic and saphenous nerve in a neonatal calf, avoiding side effects associated with systemic opioid administration.
Developing a soil column system to measure hydrogeophysical properties of unconsolidated sediment
Authors: Bienvenue Taylor , Xie Jing , Niu Qifei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGeophysical methods have been increasingly used to characterize the Earth's critical zone (CZ) and monitor hydrological processes occurring within it. For a quantitative interpretation, geophysical studies of CZ materials are necessary, and thus require more sophisticated laboratory setups. In this study, we develop a hydrogeophysical soil column system to measure key hydraulic and electrical properties of regolith in CZs. The developed soil column system consists of two components: (a) a novel hydrogeophysical probe that measures pore water pressure and electrical potential in soils and (b) a cylindrical cell to hold soil samples. The system can be arranged to perform both saturated flow and drainage tests. The saturated flow test is similar to the traditional constant head experiment for determining the hydraulic conductivity and streaming potential coupling coefficient. The drainage tests can produce transient responses of cumulative overflow, pore water pressure, and streaming potential. These transient data can be used to estimate the sample's electrical and hydraulic properties with the coupled, stochastic hydrogeophysical inversion. A sand sample is used to demonstrate the procedures of applying this new system. The measured saturated hydraulic conductivity and streaming potential coupling coefficient of the sand are within the typical ranges of sands reported in the literature. The inversion‐estimated soil parameters can well reproduce the measured transient responses during the drainage test of the sample. Moreover, the inversion‐estimated saturated properties are in good agreement with those independently measured in the saturated flow test, showing the robustness of the developed system.
Knowledge-Based UML Dynamic Models Generation from Enterprise Model in Hospital Information Management Process Example
Authors: Veitaite Ilona , Lopata Audrius 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe main purpose of this paper is to present knowledge-based Enterprise model (EM) sufficiency as data repository for Unified Modelling Language (UML) models generation. UML models are one of the most usable modelling languages in system lifecycle design stage, despite the problem domain of the system. UML models can be generated from Enterprise Model by using particular transformation algorithms presented in previous researches. Generation process from Enterprise model is represented by certain Hospital Information Management process example. Generated UML dynamic Use Case, Activity, Sequence and State models of different perspectives of Hospital Information Management process prove sufficiency of stored information in Enterprise model.
An Overview of Measurement Systems and Practices in Healthcare Systems Applied to Person-Centred Care Interventions
Authors: Raposo Vítor , Antonić Darijana , Nova António Casa , Lewandowski Roman Andrzej , Melo Paulo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPerson-centred care (PCC) is an increasing international priority and a shift in health systems orientation and development. Innovative models are required across Europe to prototype healthcare based on health promotion and PCC to improve healthcare quality and costs containment. Regardless of the type of intervention, investments will be required, and it will be essential to demonstrate the value created, comparing consequences and the associated costs. Independent of PCC intervention, we must consider different decision levels and stakeholders in the process. This work aims to focus on a broader perspective of health governance on PCC implementations, considering the need and importance of measurement systems (outcomes and costs) to support and evaluate innovative health service delivery models. It is necessary to have a global view of the entire system considering, from a health governance perspective, the different decision-making levels, the multiple stakeholders and the alignment of their interests. Value-Based Healthcare (VBHC), Value for Money (VfM) and economic evaluation provide concepts, methodologies, and tools that can be used to compare costs and consequences evaluating their impact on society. We need accurate outcomes and costs measurement systems and evaluation tools that can be incorporated in an organizational environment supporting organizational learning and interaction in exchanging knowledge and experience about implementation.
Association between mothers’ fish intake during pregnancy and infants’ sleep duration: a nationwide longitudinal study—The Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS)
Authors: Sugimori Narumi , Hamazaki Kei , Matsumura Kenta , Kasamatsu Haruka , Tsuchida Akiko , Inadera Hidekuni ,   The Japan Environment Children’s Study Group, Kamijima Michihiro , Yamazaki Shin , Ohya Yukihir , Kishi Reiko , Yaegashi Nobuo , Hashimoto Koichi , Mori Chisato , Ito Shuichi , Yamagata Zentaro , Inadera Hidekuni , Nakayama Takeo , Iso Hiroyasu , Shima Masayuki , Kurozawa Youichi , Suganuma Narufumi , Kusuhara Koichi , Katoh Takahiko 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), which are an important nutrient for humans, are particularly essential to the growth and development of the central nervous system (CNS) in fetuses and infants. Consequently, sufficient n-3 PUFA intake by mothers during pregnancy is considered to contribute to CNS development in their infants. CNS development is known to be associated with sleep, but no large epidemiological studies have yet confirmed that n-3 PUFA intake during pregnancy is associated with infants’ sleep.

Methods
After exclusion and multiple imputation from a dataset comprising 104 065 records from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS), we examined 87 337 mother–child pairs for the association between mothers’ fish and n-3 PUFA intakes and risk of their infants sleeping less than 11 h at 1 year of age.

Results
Multiple logistic regression analysis with the lowest quintile used as a reference revealed odds ratios for the second through fifth quintiles of 0.81 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.76–0.87), 0.81 (95% CI 0.76–0.87), 0.78 (95% CI 0.72–0.84), and 0.82 (95% CI 0.76–0.88) for fish intake (p for trend < 0.001) and 0.90 (95% CI 0.84–0.97), 0.88 (95% CI 0.81–0.94), 0.88 (95% CI 0.82–0.95), and 0.93 (95% CI 0.86–0.998) for n-3 PUFA intake (p for trend = 0.04).

Conclusions
Low fish intake during pregnancy may increase the risk of infants sleeping less than 11 h at 1 year of age. This relationship may have been mediated by maternal n-3 PUFA intake and infant neurodevelopment, but further evidence from interventional and other studies is needed to determine the appropriate level of fish intake during pregnancy.

Trial registration
The Japan Environment and Children’s Study, https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000035091 (Registration no. UMIN000030786).
Influence of Silicon Forms on Nutrients Accumulation and Grain Yield of Wheat Under Water Deficit Conditions
Authors: Salem Emad M. M. , Kenawey Mohammed K. M. , Saudy Hani Saber , Mubarak Manal 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWheat productivity is severely hampered by drought, owing to its negative impacts on crop growth and development. For obtaining better yield, the impacts of drought should be ameliorated. Therefore, the current study scrutinizes the potential of different silicon (Si) forms to minify the drought-associated reduction in yield and the changes in nutrients accumulation. In a strip plots design based on randomized complete block arrangement using 3 replicates, two field experiments were carried out in 2019/20 and 2020/21 seasons. Three silicon (Si) forms (potassium silicate, calcium silicate, and aluminum silicate), in addition to the control (tap water) were sprayed. Also, three irrigation regimes were applied as ratio of crop evapotranspiration (60, 80 and 100%, denoted Irr60, Irr80 and Irr100, respectively). Findings clarified that application of aluminum silicate in both seasons, in addition to calcium silicate in the second season recorded the maximum accumulation of Si in wheat plants. Supplying wheat plants with different forms of Si reduced zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) and increased Si compared to the control (no Si application). Irr100 possessed increase in accumulation of Si in plant tissues greater than Irr80 or Irr60. Significant increases in all agronomic traits of wheat were obtained owing to spraying any Si form compared to the control. The differences between potassium silicate, calcium silicate, and aluminum silicate were not significant in flag leaf greenness (SPAD value), grains weight spike−1, weight of 1000 grains, and grain yield ha−1 in 2020/21 season. Irr100 was the effective treatment for enhancing SPAD value, spike length, grains weight spike−1, weight of 1000 grains, and grain yield ha−1. When irrigation water was reduced by 20% (Irr80), the lowest reduction in grain yield was obtained with potassium silicate compared to other forms of Si. It could be concluded that since lower accumulation of Si in plant tissues under water deficit than well-watered was recorded, the spraying of Si is great of importance to be applied under drought stress.
Wavelet adaptive proper orthogonal decomposition for large-scale flow data
Authors: Krah Philipp , Engels Thomas , Schneider Kai , Reiss Julius 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is a powerful classical tool in fluid mechanics used, for instance, for model reduction and extraction of coherent flow features. However, its applicability to high-resolution data, as produced by three-dimensional direct numerical simulations, is limited owing to its computational complexity. Here, we propose a wavelet-based adaptive version of the POD (the wPOD), in order to overcome this limitation. The amount of data to be analyzed is reduced by compressing them using biorthogonal wavelets, yielding a sparse representation while conveniently providing control of the compression error. Numerical analysis shows how the distinct error contributions of wavelet compression and POD truncation can be balanced under certain assumptions, allowing us to efficiently process high-resolution data from three-dimensional simulations of flow problems. Using a synthetic academic test case, we compare our algorithm with the randomized singular value decomposition. Furthermore, we demonstrate the ability of our method analyzing data of a two-dimensional wake flow and a three-dimensional flow generated by a flapping insect computed with direct numerical simulation.
Rethinking authentic assessment: work, well-being, and society
Authors: McArthur Jan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article seeks a deeper understanding of the concept of authentic assessment which ensures it does not become another educational buzzword, slowly diminishing in real meaning. I consider the origins of the term in the US schooling sector, and how it has developed over time, and in different countries, to today focus in higher education largely on real world tasks. There is, however, I argue, a common conflation of real world with the world of work. Little of this literature actually engages with the rich philosophical debates on authenticity, and in this article, I suggest that this deeper understanding of authenticity can enable us to build on existing work on authentic assessment to develop a more holistic and richer concept that will be more beneficial to individual students and to the larger society of which they are part. I argue that we should move from thinking in terms of either the so-called real world, or the world of work, to focus our justification for authentic assessment on its social value (which encompasses but is not limited to its economic value). To achieve this aim, I suggest we move from simply focusing on the authentic task to considering why that task matters? This then enables a shift from the student in isolation to the student as a member of society. Senses of achievement can become richer, thus enhancing the students’ sense of self, self-worth, and well-being.
Valence, Instrumentality, Expectancy, and Ability as Determinants of Faking, and the Effects of Faking on Criterion-Related Validity
Authors: Dunlop Patrick D. , Holtrop Djurre , Ashby Liam M. , Bharadwaj Anupama , Donovan John J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe investigated individual differences in faking in simulated high-stakes personality assessments through the lens of expectancy (VIE) theory, using a novel experimental paradigm. Three hundred ninety-eight participants (MTurk) completed a “low-stakes” HEXACO personality assessment for research purposes. Three months later, we invited all 398 participants to compete for an opportunity to complete a genuine, well-paid, one-off MTurk job, and 201 accepted. After viewing the selection criteria, which described high levels of perfectionism as critical for selection, these participants completed the HEXACO personality assessment as part of their applications (“high-stakes”). All 201 participants were then informed their applications were successful and were invited to complete the performance task, with 189 accepting the offer. The task, which involved checking text data for inconsistencies, captured two objective performance criteria. We observed faking on measures of diligence and perfectionism. We found that perceived job desirability (valence) was the strongest (positive) determinant of individual differences in faking, along with perceived instrumentality and expectancy. Honesty-humility was also associated with faking however, unexpectedly, the association was positive. When all predictors were combined, only perceived job desirability remained a significant motivational determinant of faking, with cognitive ability also being a positive predictor. We found no evidence that cognitive ability moderated the relations of motivation and faking. To investigate the role of faking on predictive validity, we split the sample into those who had faked to a statistically large extent, and those who had not. We found that the validity of high-stakes assessments was higher amongst the group that had faked.
Biofortification of major crop plants with iron and zinc - achievements and future directions
Authors: Stangoulis James C. R. , Knez Marija 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBiofortification is a long-term strategy of delivering more iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) to those most in need. Plant breeding programs within the CGIAR and NARS have made major advances in Fe- and Zn-dense variety development and there have been successful releases of new biofortified varieties. Recent research effort has led to a substantial improvement in our knowledge of Fe and Zn homeostasis and gene regulation, resulting in the identification of candidate genes for marker assisted selection. International cooperation between the agricultural and nutrition community has been strengthened, with numerous implementation and partnership strategies developed and employed over the years. The evidence on the effectiveness of Fe and Zn biofortified crops is slowly building up and the results are encouraging. Biofortification continues to be scaled out and further work is required to reach the general aim of eradicating the hidden hunger of Fe and Zn deficiency in the world’s population and ensuring nutritional security.
Living with cryptoglandular anal fistula: a qualitative investigation of the patient's experience through semi-structured patient interviews
Authors: Iqbal Nusrat , Machielsen Astrid J. H. M. , Breukink Stephanie O. , Woodcock Rebecca , Kane Gillian , Alrubaiy Laith , Grossi Ugo , Kimman Merel L. , Tozer Phil J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Cryptoglandular anal fistula continues to be a subject of extensive surgical research due to the lack of effective and enduring treatments, some of which incur risks to continence and quality of life. However, the patient experience of disease has seldom been reported. The aims of this study are to understand the impact of living with a fistula and the treatment outcomes that are valued by patients.

Methods
Patients with cryptoglandular anal fistula were recruited using purposive sampling from two tertiary referral centres in the UK and the Netherlands. Patients underwent semi-structured interviews that were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Dutch transcripts were translated into English and underwent independent, thematic analysis using open coding by two study team members to identify common themes and sub-themes.

Results
Twenty interviews were conducted before saturation was reached (11 male, median age 49, Interquartile range 39–55 years). Four broad themes emerged, covering the physical symptoms of fistula, the patient journey towards understanding the condition, life impact, and treatment. Several inter-related sub-themes were found, reflecting the extensive impact and adjustment that the disease entails.

Conclusion
The impact of cryptoglandular anal fistula extends beyond the physical symptoms of pain and discharge, requires significant readjustment, and often negatively impacts psycho-social wellbeing. These aspects of disease should receive greater attention in future assessment of treatment and quality of life.
AI and the Social Sciences: Why All Variables are Not Created Equal
Authors: Greene Catherine 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article argues that it is far from trivial to convert social science concepts into accurate categories on which algorithms work best. The literature raises this concern in a general way; for example, Deeks notes that legal concepts, such as proportionality, cannot be easily converted into code noting that ‘The meaning and application of these concepts is hotly debated, even among lawyers who share common vocabularies and experiences’ (Deeks in Va Law Rev 104, pp. 1529–1593, 2018). The example discussed here is recidivism prediction, where the factors that are of interest are difficult to capture adequately through questionnaires because survey responses do not necessarily indicate whether the behaviour that is of interest is present. There is room for improvement in how questions are phrased, in the selection of variables, and by encouraging practitioners to consider whether a particular variable is the sort of thing that can be measured by questionnaires at all.
The Role of Just World Beliefs in Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mariss Antonia , Reinhardt Nina , Schindler Simon 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study investigated whether people’s personal belief in a just world (BJW) is linked to their willingness to physically distance themselves from others during the COVID-19 pandemic. Past research found personal BJW to be positively related to prosocial behavior, justice striving, and lower risk perceptions. If social distancing reflects a concern for others, high personal BJW should predict increased interest in social distancing. If social distancing reflects a concern for one’s personal risk, high personal BJW should predict decreased interest in social distancing. Results of a pre-registered internet-based study from Germany (N = 361) indicated that the higher people’s personal BJW, the more they generally practiced social distancing. This association still occurred when controlling for empathy, another significant predictor of social distancing. There were no mediation effects of empathy and risk perception. The findings extend knowledge on the correlates of social distancing in the COVID-19 pandemic which could be used to increase compliance among citizens.
Structuralist approaches to Bohmian mechanics
Authors: Lorenzetti Lorenzo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLam and Esfeld have argued that, within Bohmian mechanics, the wave function can be interpreted as a physical structure instantiated by the fundamental particles posited by the theory. Further, to characterize the nature of this structure, they appeal to the framework of Ontic Structural Realism (OSR), thereby proposing a structuralist interpretation of Bohmian mechanics. However, I shall point out that OSR denotes a family of distinct views, each of which maintains a different account about the relation between structures and objects, and entails a different kind of ontology. Thus, in this paper I will show how to articulate the structuralist approach to Bohmian Mechanics accordingly to the different standard versions of OSR, and I will evaluate these alternatives. Moreover, I will propose a novel and sui generis kind of structuralist interpretation of Bohmian Mechanics, based on the framework of metaphysical coherentism.