bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and direct health cost of mental diseases in Hungary - analysis of the National Health Insurance Fund’s data
Authors: Dr. Fadgyas-Freyler P. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAccording to international publications the burden of mental diseases is considered to be significant and rising.ObjectivesScope of analysis is to present 1) patient numbers and 2) direct mental health costs from the database of the National Health Insurance Fund Hungary for patients with F00-F99 ICD code between 2015-2019.MethodsAn Oracle database was created with direct mental care costs for each patient in a given year with a three-digit ICD code and type of care (primary, specialist, prescribing) and handled via sql queries. Data on capacity and performance came from the NHIF and NSO website for 2008-2019 and were handled via Microsoft Excel.ResultsMental problems affected 3 million people (more than 30% of the population) in a five year period, though patient numbers are continuously declining. Almost half of the patients only visit a general practitioner and don’t get a prescription. There is also a drop in proportional mental spending which has fallen from 5,03% to 4,02%. This tendency is accordance with international findings. There is a dramatic fall of inpatient cases and a growing number of outpatient interventions, though we see a move from individual therapy sessions to group interventions and a decline in specialist psychotherapy sessions. We can see a shift towards more young patients both in inpatient and outpatient setting.ConclusionsThe analysis raises the question whether declining patient numbers and shrinking proportional spending are due to smaller provider capacities and unmet need or a mentally healthier population.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Clinical Factors Associated with Violence Behavior in Persons with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Case Control Study
Authors: Zavradashvili N. , Toidze O. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionStudy of clinical risk factors of violent behavior in persons with schizophrenia still remains actual in research literature. This is especially important for Georgia as ongoing mental health reform aims to shift from institutional care to community based services, which in turn requires better understanmding and management of risk of aggressive behavior in the community.ObjectivesTo study clinical risk factors for violence in persons with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) who have committed a violent act in the past and in persons with SSD who have not committed a violent act.MethodsThe survey design was retrospective case-control study. Case-control groups were defined according to the outcome (violent act in the past). We studied the impact of clinical symptoms on each person using standardized scales for assessment of the positive and negative symptoms and global level of functioning. Data were collected through patient interviews and medical records.ResultsStudy results showed that diagnosis of delusional disorder and ideas of persecution were associated with increased risk of violence (28.7% cases versus 7.5% controls); Hallucinations if presented were less severe compared with controls (2.1% vs. 7.5%). Negative symptoms were marked in cases but more severe in controls. Of cases 43,6% showed serious impairment of global functioning (vs 25,5% controls).ConclusionsStudy findings confirmed that a focus on improving controllable clinical factors, including global level of functioning, might help to prevent aggressive behavior. It is discussed that developments and implementation needs-specific services to reduce risk of violence behavior should be prioritized by mental health national strategy plan.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Experiences and attitudes of mental health care staff to the reporting of violence in the workplace in the Republic of Ireland
Authors: Fegan J. , Walsh E. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe WHO and the Violence Prevention Alliance define violence as “the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, that either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation.” The types of violence examined in this study include physical, sexual, verbal and racial as the most commonly reported manifestations of violence in the workplace.ObjectivesTo obtain the most recent statistics on violent acts perpetrated against mental health care workers in the Republic of Ireland. To capture the experiences and attitudes of staff to the reporting of this violence.MethodsThe State Claims Agency (SCA) were contacted to obtain the most up to date figures on violence against mental health care workers. An electronic survey based on the WHO’s validated questionnaire on violence was then disseminated to all acute psychiatric units nationally.ResultsThere were 6,690 episodes of violence against staff in the Mental Health Division in 2018 and 2019. The survey found, 92.4% of respondents reported verbal abuse, 30.3% recorded physical assault, 15.2% had suffered sexual violence in a 24 month period. 20.3% of study participants took no action. Of those who did, 70% felt that the incident had not been investigated properly. More than half of respondents felt that there were no consequences to the aggressor.ConclusionsFurther work is needed in the prevention of workplace violence as well as improvements in reporting and investigating of incidents when they do occur.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Evaluation of the Relationship Between Suicide Behavior and SIRT-1 Gene in Patients with Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders
Authors: Uçak E. , Aydin M. , Koçak N. , Altınbaş K. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSchizophrenia is a mental disorder with a high risk of suicide, which is one of the leading causes of early death in schizophrenia patients.ObjectivesIt was aimed to examine the relationship between the SIRT1 gene and suicidal behavior in patients with schizophrenia, to identify specific polymorphisms and to provide individual protective approaches by predicting suicidal behavior.Methods100 patients with schizophrenia were included in our study. The SIRT1 gene was analyzed using the whole exome sequencing method, and 22 SNPs were identified. In addition, participants’ socio-demographic, psychiatric history, and suicidal behavior evaluation form data were recorded. A comparison was made between the two groups according to suicidal behavior.ResultsWhen sociodemographic and psychiatric history of the participants were compared in terms of suicidal behavior, no significant difference was found. SIRT1 gene SNP; rs2236318; (TT genotype), rs10997870 (GG genotype) was associated about 4 times increased risk in suicidal behavior; rs41299232 (CC genotype) 3.7 times; rs7896005 (AA genotype) with 3.4 times also. Although rs201230502 (TC genotype) and rs36107781 (TC genotype) were more common in the group with suicidal behavior, they lost their significance in regression analysis due to the low number of cases.ConclusionsOur study showed that schizophrenia has many risks that increase suicidal behavior , but clinical and sociodemographic data are insufficient to predict suicidal behavior. Considering the inheritability of the disease and the effect of genetics on behavior, SIRT1 gene SNP; (rs2236318, rs10997870, rs41299232, rs7896005, rs201230502 and rs36107781) genotypes were found to be associated with suicidal behavior in schizophrenia patients.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Endocrine biomarkers related to sleep-wake cycle and sleep disturbances in patients with bipolar disorder: A systematic review
Authors: Gonzalez-Blanco L. , Moya Lacasa C. , Jiménez-Fernández S. , Valtueña M. , Martinez-Cao C. , García Fernández A. , Saiz P.A. , Garcia-Portilla M.P. , Bobes J. , Gutierrez Rojas L. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSleep and circadian disturbances have been widely studied in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) (Duarte Faria et al., 2015; Gonzalez, 2014). However, there is no clear evidence about the role of peripheral biomarkers of circadian cycle in this population.ObjectivesThis systematic review aims to identify potential endocrine biomarkers of circadian rhythm in blood and study their relationship with sleep problems in BD.MethodsAn electronic search of Pubmed and PsycoInfo databases were performed. It includes articles about the topic from 1991 to 2021. The search strategy was: (“Peripheral biomarkers” OR “biological markers” OR biomarker OR cortisol OR melatonin OR orexin OR hypocretin) AND (blood OR serum OR plasma) AND (“sleep-wake” OR “circadian rhythm” OR sleep OR insomnia) AND “bipolar”.Results92 records were obtained after excluding duplicates. Only five studies met the inclusion criteria (n = 499; BD = 125; unipolar depression = 148; schizophrenia = 80; controls = 146). The endocrine parameters analyzed were: cortisol (3 studies), melatonin (1 study) and orexin-A (1 study). Overall, no significant associations between these biomarkers and sleep disturbances, assessed with subjective (psychometric evaluation) and/or objective (polysomnography) measures, were detected.ConclusionsThis systematic review highlights the lack of studies that explores the role of endocrine biomarkers related to circadian function in the pathophysiology of sleep disturbances in BD.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Effect of risperidone on the cravings of patients with methamphetamine use disorder
Authors: Hassan N. , Nazir S. , Sharif U. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionMethamphetamine associated psychosis has increased globally because of the increased usage of the substance. The use of risperidone is noted to reduce the cravings of methamphetamine in patients who have methamphetamine use disorder. This becomes relevant because the number of patients who are being treated with MAP tends to have high relapse rates. MAP is being treated with different antipsychotics and the treatment protocol is made usually for alleviating the symptoms, a formal treatment regimen for patients with MAP is yet to be developed (Chiang et al 2018; Srisurapanont 2021; Edwards and Mooney 2014)ObjectivesThe purpose of this review is to highlight the use of risperidone in reducing the cravings of methamphetamine in patients who have methamphetamine use disorderMethodsPubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science literature databases were screened and filtered.With established Inclusion and exclusion criteria, obtained a total of 15578 hits which was refined to 133articles. A total of 10papers were reviewed in detailResultsMultiple clinical trials have shown that risperidone was effective in lowering drug cravings in methamphetamine use disorder. Along with the effects on craving, risperidone has also been studied for its effect on positive symptoms in patients with MAP (Samei 2016). Risperidone was noted to be effective in reducing positive symptoms.ConclusionsRisperidone can be effectively used in the acute setting for psychosis and future cravings in the patients. Considering the limited clinical trials and research on risperidone and the cravings of methamphetamine use disorder, studies are needed with longer follow-ups and more samples in the future.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Psychoactive substance use among medical residents in Tunisia
Authors: Masmoudi R. , Chaari I. , Mejdoub Y. , Sallemi R. , Feki I. , Masmoudi J. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionRecent studies in the word found an increase of substance use among medical students.ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of substance use and associated factors among medical residents in Tunisia.MethodsIt was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study among medical residents from the 4 medical faculties of Tunisia. A questionnaire was created from Google Forms and was published on the social network Facebook. We asked about the current consumption of different psychoactive substances. We used the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to identify depressive symptoms.ResultsThe sample included 241 residents. The female sex was predominant (83.4%, n = 201). The average age was 28.18 (± 2.13) years. Among these residents, 27.8% (n = 67) currently consume at least one psychoactive substance and 71% (n = 171) had depressive symptoms. The substances consumed by residents were: tobacco 18.7% (n = 45), alcohol 18.7% (n = 45), cannabis 6.2% (n = 15) , amphetamine 3.3% (n = 8), sleeping pills (without medical prescription) 2.9% (n = 7), hallucinogens 2.9% (n = 7), cocaine 2.1 % (n = 5) and inhaled solvents 0.4% (n = 1).The use of at least one psychoactive substance was significantly associated with male sex (p = 0.01), the presence of financial problems (p = 0.08), lack of religiosity (p <0.001), feeling of life dissatisfaction (p = 0.01), uncertainty about life events (p = 0.05) and the presence of depression (p = 0.018).ConclusionsPsychoactive substance use has become a growing problem among residents in Tunisia. The associated factors should attract attention to identify these subjects.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Psychopathological and clinical-typological aspects of youth chronic endogenous depression
Authors: Kaleda V. , Migalina V. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionYouth ontogenesis contributes significantly to depressive disorders, causing pronounced atypia, a high level of comorbid pathology. A long-term depressive state lead can to persistent, adverse consequences.ObjectivesTo study the clinical, psychopathological and psychometric features of youth chronic endogenous depression (UCED).Methods62 patients of the age 16-25 were examined clinically and psychopathologically; the patients were first hospitalized from 2017 to 2020 for a chronic depressive state with non-psychotic mental disorders (ICD-10: F31, F32, F33, F34, F21 keys) lasting more than two years. Psychometric assessment was done by HDRS, SOPS, and SANS.ResultsUCED are characterized by a pronounced atypia with a predominance of symptoms for negative affectivity with apathy, anhedonia, physical and mental asthenia, depressive devitalization. In contrast with non-chronic youth depressions, cognitive disorders, motor inhibition, a large proportion of comorbid pathology are presented in the chronic ones. Depending on the prevalence of additional psychopathological disorders, 2 types were distinguished: Type I – depression with a clear-cut affective psychopathological structure (54.8%, 34 patients); Type II - depression with the symptoms of other than affective registers (45.2%, 28 patients). Psychometric assessment on the HDRS scale, in the sub-scale “negative symptoms” of the SOPS scale, in the sub-scale “anhedonia-associality” of the SANS scale showed a greater severity of psychopathological symptoms in type II depression (p<0.05).ConclusionsThe obtained data confirm the differences between UCED and non-chronic youth depressions and demonstrate the aggravating effect of symptoms of the non-affective spectrum on the severity of UCED and the level of negative affectivity.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Could the mood disorder symptoms can be predict by metabolic disturbances?
Authors: Rog J. , Futyma-Jędrzejewska M. , Juchnowicz D. , Karpiński R. , Karakula-Juchnowicz H. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionDespite the huge progression in depression treatment, many individuals do not achieve full recovery. Studies demonstrated alternatives from neurotransmitter targets which are promising to predict and manage illness.ObjectivesThis study aimed to select metabolic factors linked to the severity of depression symptoms.Methods66 patients (36% males) with episode of depression from part of SANGUT study were assessed for laboratory biomarkers (insulin, glucose, ALT, AST, lipid profile, cortisol, hs-CRP), anthropometric measurements (BMI, body composition, WHR ratio) and severity of subjective depressive (BDI scale) and stress (PSS-10 scale) symptoms.ResultsMaximum accuracy for differentiating mood symptoms was achieved by the combination of triglycerides (cut-off point > 101 mg/dl) and HDL cholesterol (cut-off point <=48 mg/dl). For differentiating stress symptoms the combination of cholesterol LDL (cut-off point > 108.35 mg/dl) and hs-CRP (cut-off point <=1.55 mg/dl) were most accurate. In the regression analysis model, total; LDL and HDL cholesterol, adjusting for HOMA-ir, cortisol, hs-CRP, triglycerides, age and body fat content were independently related to mood symptoms severity and explain 23.4% variability. Stress symptoms were related to cortisol, hs-CRP levels and WHR ratio adjusted for age, duration of illness, LDL cholesterol, and body fat content. The following model explains 19% variability of symptoms severity.ConclusionsIn patients with mood disorders, more attention should be paid to metabolic changes, predicting intensified depression traits. The results indicate lifestyle changes as an available to all patients tool for depression management.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Relationship between psychopathic traits and ability emotional intelligence in a sample of incarcerated males
Authors: Gómez-Leal R. , Megías-Robles A. , Sánchez-López M.T. , Fernández-Berrocal P. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe study of psychopathic traits has increased in recent years, given the impact that these traits have on our society.ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the relationship between psychopathy traits and ability emotional intelligence by examining the sub-dimensions of both constructs in a sample of incarcerated males.MethodsA total of sixty-three incarcerated adult males (Mage = 37.51) were assessed for psychopathy traits and emotional intelligence levels through the 34-item Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-III (SRP-III) and the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) respectively.ResultsThe results revealed that the incarcerated population is characterized by low EI and high psychopathic traits (explained by the scores obtained on the criminal tendencies sub-dimension). Moreover, participants scoring lower in ability EI were more likely to score higher on the callous affect sub-dimension of psychopathy. We also observed an indirect negative effect of ability EI on erratic lifestyle, criminal tendencies and interpersonal manipulation sub-dimensions through the mediating role of callous affect.ConclusionsThese findings offer a better understanding of the relationship between psychopathy traits and ability emotional intelligence and provide empirical support for the need to implement intervention programs in penitentiary centers based on EI training, which could help to reduce antisocial and disruptive behaviours and facilitate future reintegration into society.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Trait anxiety mediates between emotion dysregulation and core psychopathology in borderline personality disorder
Authors: Kot E. , Grzegorzewski P. , Kostecka B. , Radoszewska J. , Kucharska K. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionFindings from previous studies have implicated various forms of emotion dysregulation (EDys), including difficulties in emotion regulation, as important for the development and maintenance of borderline personality disorder (BPD). In addition, comorbid anxiety and depressive psychopathology has been found to contribute to the severity of BPD symptoms in this disorder.ObjectivesThis study aimed at extending extant research on the above issues by testing the mediational role of comorbid psychopathology (i.e., trait anxiety and depressive symptoms) in the relationship between EDys (specifically, difficulties in emotion regulation) and BPD symptoms in BPD patients.Methods64 BPD female inpatients completed the Emotion Dysregulation Scale, STAI, CESD–R, and BPD Checklist.ResultsBPD symptoms were statistically significantly and strongly positively associated to EDys (rs = .55, p < .001) and to trait anxiety (rs = .52, p < .001). EDys and trait anxiety predicted the severity of BPD symptoms, R2 = 0.41, F(2, 61) = 20.90, p < .001. The examination of the indirect effect revealed a significant mediation, in which the association between EDys and BPD symptoms was mediated by trait-anxiety, B = 0.37, SE = 0.18, 95% CI = [0.10, 0.78]. However, the direct effect of EDys on BPD symptoms remained significant, B = 0.81, SE = 0.24, 95% CI = [0.32, 1.30].ConclusionsThe severity of BPD symptoms is associated with EDys and with trait anxiety. Moreover, our findings show that the latter partially mediates the link between EDys and BPD symptoms, which suggests that trait anxiety may contribute to the severity of BPD symptoms.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Relationship between type A personality and coronary heart disease
Authors: Saadi W. , Gorgi M. , Fouel N. , Haloui N. , Belaguide W. , Abdelghaffar W. , Bouzid M.I. , Rafrafi R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSince the work of R.H. Rosenman and Meyer Friedman in 1959, a correlation has been established between type A behavioral patterns and the occurrence of coronary heart disease. Type A personality has been found to be more of a coronary risk factor than a poor prognostic factor once coronary disease has set in. Subsequent studies have not supported such a relationship.ObjectivesThe objective of our work was to investigate the association between type A personalities and coronary heart disease.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study involving a sample of 200 patients recruited at the Mohamed Tahar Maâmouri Hospital in Nabeul. Our sample was composed of 100 coronary patients hospitalized or followed as outpatients in the cardiology department and 100 controls hospitalized or followed as outpatients in the general surgery or orthopedics department respectively. The study was conducted between April 15 and June 30, 2014. Personality type A was assessed according to the Bortner questionnaire.ResultsAfter performing a binary logistic regression to adjust for the associations looked for, and taking into account confounding factors, we did not observe a statistically significant association between type A personality and coronary pathology (p=0.123). In addition, type A personality was significantly associated with the following factors: diabetes (p=0.040), hypertension (p=0.049), and age <49 years (p=0.002) in coronary heart disease.ConclusionsFuture large-scale, multicenter, longitudinal studies with follow-up over time of patients would be necessary to consolidate our findings.DisclosureNo significant relationships.