bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What is a smart office environment? An exploratory study from a user perspective
Authors: Tuzcuoğlu Deniz , de Vries Bauke , Yang Dujuan , Sungur Aslı 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the meaning of smart office environments from a user perspective by investigating user preferences and expectations.

Design/methodology/approach
Eleven semi-structured interviews with the users after moving into a smart office building of a Dutch Municipality and an observation as complementary data were conducted. The data were analysed based on the grounded theory and thematic analysis, combining a reflexive approach to the literature review.

Findings
Two main themes were revealed addressing user expectations and preferences for smart office environments: “enhanced interaction” with the social and physical office environment and “sense-making” of the smart concept (or smartness). Within these themes, basic and smart office aspects were identified and classified based on their association with smart office concepts or technology.

Practical implications
The findings reveal the meaning of the smart office concepts from a user perspective by highlighting the importance of user experience on enhanced interaction and sense-making of the smart office concept, equipped with basic and smart aspects.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to qualitatively examine drivers underlying the meaning of smart office concepts from a user point of view. Organisations, environmental psychologists, designers and managers can use the findings of this study to develop guidelines for a successful smart office design.
Assessing the digitalisation level of the Tanzanian apparel industry: Industry 4.0 perspectives
Authors: Nhelekwa Lucas B. , Mollel Joshua Z. , Taifa Ismail W.R. 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
Industry 4.0 has an inimitable potential to create competitive advantages for the apparel industry by enhancing productivity, production, profitability, efficiency and effectiveness. This study, thus, aims to assess the digitalisation level of the Tanzanian apparel industry through the Industry 4.0 perspectives.

Design/methodology/approach
A mixed-methods-based approach was deployed. This study deployed semi-structured interviews, document review and observation methods for the qualitative approach. For the quantitative approach, closed-ended questionnaires were used to ascertain the digitalisation levels and maturity level of the textiles and apparel (T&A) factories and small and medium-sized textile enterprises in Tanzania. The sample size was 110, with participants engaged through the purposive sampling technique.

Findings
Industry 4.0 frameworks evolved into practices mainly since 2011 in several service and manufacturing industries globally. For Tanzania, the findings indicate that the overall maturity level of the T&A industries is 2.5 out of 5.0, demonstrating a medium level of adoption. Thus, the apparel industries are not operating under the industry 4.0 framework; they are operating within the third industrial revolution – Industry 3.0 – framework. For such industries to operate within the fourth industrial revolution – Industry 4.0 – that is only possible if there is significantly well-developed industrial infrastructure, availability of engineering talent, stable commercial partnerships, demand from the marketplace and transactional relationship with customers.

Research limitations/implications
This study’s limitations include: firstly, Industry 4.0 is an emerging area; this resulted in limited theoretical underpinnings in the Tanzanian perspectives. Secondly, the studied industries may not suffice the need to generalise the findings for the entire country, thus needing another study.

Originality/value
Although Industry 4.0 conceptual frameworks have been on trial in several industries since 2011, this is amongst the first empirical research on Industry 4.0 in the Tanzanian apparel industry that assesses the digitalisation levels.
The state of digital records preservation in South Africa’s public sector in the 21st century: a literature review
Authors: Matlala Mpubane Emanuel , Ncube Thandukwazi Richman , Parbanath Steven 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
This study aims to assess the status of the digital records preservation practices in the South African public sector at the national department level. It set out to establish to what extent digital preservation policies have been implemented in South Africa’s public sector, to determine the related skills and competency of public sector staff, and to make any necessary recommendations of the basis of the results.

Design/methodology/approach
A content review of Southern Africa literature dealing with the preservation of digital records, its importance and related factors over the past 20 years was conducted.

Findings
The current state of preservation of South African digital records suggests serious consequences of existing knowledge and training gaps. Addressing those gaps may provide the knowledge needed to support new ways of working. Records management professionals in the South African public sector at the national department level are currently ill-equipped to adequately preserve digital records. This complicates the application of tools offered by the information and communication technologies that have resulted in increased creation of digital records.

Research limitations/implications
The study was limited to only the public sector of South Africa.

Practical implications
The study makes practical implications concerning the policy framework for improving the state of digital preservation in South Africa so as to ensure long-term preservation of digital records. For instance, government departments are recommended to formulate and implement in-house policy frameworks, guidelines and plans that address digital preservation of records.

Social implications
Sufficient funding and resource allocation ought to be provided to advance electronic records management programmes. In addition, the formulation of proper strategies needed to preserve digital records should incorporate technological tools and media software in the existing operations for the creation, capturing, appraising and preserving of digital records.

Originality/value
This study offers informed recommendations to address the challenges of preserving digital records in South Africa so that future losses may be avoided and allow readers to see changes over the 20-year period.
Development of efficiency analysis for I-beam steel section with web opening via numerical method
Authors: De´nan Fatimah , Hashim Nor Salwani , Mahinder Singh Amarpreet Kaur 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
Due to the enormous increase in economic development, structural steel material gives an advantage for the construction of stadiums, factories, bridges and cities building design. The purpose of this study is to investigate the behaviour of bending, buckling and torsion for I-beam steel section with and without web opening using non-linear finite element analysis.

Design/methodology/approach
The control model was simulated via LUSAS software with the four main parameters which included opening size, layout, shape and orientation. The analysis used a constant beam span which is 3.5 m while the edge distance from the centre of the opening to the edge of the beam is kept constant at 250 mm at each end.

Findings
The analysis results show that the optimum opening size obtained is 0.65 D while optimum layout of opening is Layout 1 with nine web openings. Under bending behaviour, steel section with octagon shapes of web opening shows the highest yield load, yield moment and thus highest structural efficiency as compared to other shapes of openings. Besides, square shape of web opening has the highest structural efficiency under buckling behaviour. The lower buckling load and buckling moment contribute to the higher structural efficiency.

Originality/value
Further, the square web opening with counter clockwise has the highest structural efficiency under torsion behaviour.
Relation of leaf terpene contents to terpene emission profiles in Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica)
Authors: Saito Takuya , Kusumoto Norihisa , Hiura Tsutom 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPlants protect themselves against various stresses by using volatile terpenes, which are also key precursors of climate‐relevant constituents in the atmosphere. Conifers store terpenes in storage pools, which serve as emission sources. However, how leaf terpene contents influence the quantity and composition of emissions is uncertain. Here, we examined whether they explain the profile of terpene emissions by using the measurements of 6 monoterpenes and 2 diterpenes stored in and emitted from the same branches of 10 local populations in Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica), a common conifer in Japan. We estimated partial pressures of terpenes from leaf terpene contents by using a thermodynamic algorithm. The estimates correlated well with emissions of monoterpenes, suggesting the release of monoterpenes from the storage pools. High tree‐to‐tree variations in emissions of individual terpenes did not correlate with variations in concentrations of corresponding terpenes in leaves. Diterpenes (ent‐kaurene and phyllocladene) were emitted in most cases when individual trees held corresponding diterpenes, suggesting a linkage between emissions and storage pools, but the emissions were not explained by the algorithm owing to their low vapor pressure.
Never ‘one‐size‐fits‐all’: Mick Marchington's unique voice on voice, from micro‐level informality to macro‐level turbulence
Authors: Budd John W. , Johnstone Stewart , Lamare J. Ryan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMick Marchington's contributions to employee voice, participation, and involvement are broad and deep. This scholarship is consistently distinguished by a rejection of ‘one‐size‐fits‐all’ approaches in favour of complex, multi‐layered understandings. We reflect on some of Marchington's key contributions to employee voice, participation, and involvement, with an emphasis on the importance of internal actors who are conditioned by diverse internal and external influences. We also illustrate the lasting importance of this approach by applying it to the COVID‐19 health crisis currently unfolding.
Accuracy of electronic apex locators using heat‐treatedNi‐Tifile
Authors: Heo Kang‐Young , Hwang Ho‐Keel , Jo Hyoung‐Hoon 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study investigated the accuracy of two electronic apex locators (DentaPort and Bingo) using heat‐treated nickel‐titanium files. The true root canal length of 30 single‐rooted teeth was determined using K files. Next, the electronically measured length was determined using two nickel‐titanium files (ProGlider and HyFlex EDM Glide Path File) with two electronic apex locators at the ‘APEX’ marks. The accuracy of the electronic apex locator was evaluated by comparing the true root canal length and electronically measured length for each measurement. There was no significant difference between the measurements with two nickel‐titanium files, and all differences between true root canal length and electronically measured length were within ±0.5 mm regardless of the type of nickel‐titanium files or electronic apex locators. Based on the results, the heat treatment of the nickel‐titanium files showed no adverse effects on the working length determination using electronic apex locators.
Association between proteinuria and retinal vein occlusion in individuals with preserved renal function: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Fujita Asahi , Hashimoto Yohei , Okada Akira , Obata Ryo , Aihara Makoto , Matsui Hiroki , Yasunaga Hideo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the association between proteinuria and the incidence of retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in individuals with preserved renal function.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study from 2005 to 2020 using the JMDC Claims Database, a large database of health check‐ups and administrative claims in Japan. Individuals who underwent annual health check‐ups were included. Participants were classified into three groups based on the protein concentration in their urine: negative (≤10 mg/dl), trace (10–30 mg/dl) and positive (≥30 mg/dl). We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for the development of RVO using Cox regression analyses with adjustment for baseline characteristics by the matching weights calculated from the multiple propensity scores. The cumulative incidence of RVO between the weighted groups was calculated using the Kaplan–Meier estimator.ResultsThere were 1 635 212 eligible participants, among whom 2360 developed RVO. The mean follow‐up period was 1036 ± 951 days. The adjusted HRs for RVO were 1.10 (95% confidence interval 0.92–1.33) and 1.46 (1.19–1.78) in the groups with trace and positive proteinuria compared with negative proteinuria respectively. The cumulative incidence rates of RVO at 7 years were 0.40%, 0.43% and 0.55% in the groups with negative, trace and positive proteinuria, respectively.ConclusionPositive proteinuria was independently associated with an increased incidence of RVO in individuals with preserved renal function. Proteinuria may be a novel risk factor for RVO development.
New temporal concepts of acculturation in immigrant youth
Authors: Titzmann Peter F. , Lee Richard M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAcculturation unfolds over time, but research on acculturation often does not account for developmental processes. Recent studies introduced several novel temporal concepts of acculturation processes to understand more fully how immigrant youth adapt to new cultural contexts. In this review, we describe these new temporal concepts of acculturation: Acculturative timing refers to youth's age at time of migration (chronological timing), the actual start of acculturative changes (which may occur before or after physical migration, also called transition timing), and the deviation in acculturative change from peers and relevant others from the same cohort and context (relative timing). Acculturation tempo is the duration of acculturation processes from start to a defined end. Acculturation pace is the speed at which acculturation occurs. Acculturation synchrony describes whether adaptation unfolds at the same or different times across different spheres of life. We also present empirical evidence for the predictive utility of the new temporal concepts and provide methodological guidelines on how to measure and assess these concepts.
Melatonin alleviates vascular endothelial cell damage by regulating an autophagy‐apoptosis axis in Kawasaki disease
Authors: Zheng Yuanzheng , Huang Saihua , Zhang Jialing , Hou Jia , Wu Fang , Wang Wenji , Han Xiao , Gui Yonghao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesMelatonin has been reported to be an appropriate candidate for mitigating various cardiovascular injuries, owing to its versatility. This study aimed to explore the role of melatonin in Kawasaki disease (KD)‐associated vasculitis and its underlying mechanisms.Material and MethodsThe role of melatonin was evaluated in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs), peripheral blood mononuclear cells from KD patients, human THP1 cell line in vitro, and a Candida albicans water‐soluble fraction (CAWS)‐induced KD mouse model in vivo. Cell proliferation assay, cell apoptosis assay, cell co‐culture, RNA extraction, RNA sequencing, reverse transcription quantitative PCR, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), transwell assay, western blot, dual‐luciferase reporter assay, and autophagic flux assay were performed to investigate the function and regulatory mechanisms of melatonin in vitro, while haematoxylin and eosin staining, Verhoeff's van Gieson staining, ELISA, and immunohistochemical analysis were performed to detect the effect of melatonin in vivo.ResultsMelatonin suppressed cell apoptosis directly reduced the expression of endothelial cell damage markers in HCAECs, and alleviated vasculitis in the CAWS‐induced KD mouse model. Mechanistically, melatonin promoted autophagy by activating the melatonin/ melatonin receptor (MT)/cAMP‐response element binding protein (CREB) pathway and upregulating the expression of autophagy‐related gene‐3, thereby suppressing cell apoptosis in an autophagy‐dependent manner. Additionally, melatonin decreased the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in macrophages and indirectly reduced the immunopathological damage of HCAECs.ConclusionsThis study revealed that melatonin protects vascular endothelial cells in KD, by suppressing cell apoptosis in an autophagy‐dependent manner and reducing the immunopathological damage mediated by macrophages.
ccr7 affects both morphogenesis and differentiation during early Xenopus embryogenesis
Authors: Goto Toshiyasu , Michiue Tatsuo , Shibuya Hiroshi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractChemokines play important roles in early embryogenesis, including morphogenesis and cell differentiation, before the immune system is established. We characterized Xenopus laevis CC‐type chemokine receptor 7 S (ccr7.S) to clarify its role during early development. ccr7 transcripts were detected ubiquitously in early embryos. Dorsal overexpression of ccr7.S inhibited gastrulation, and ccr7.S mRNA‐injected embryos had short axes and widely opened neural folds. Because the Keller sandwich explants of the injected embryos elongated well, ccr7.S might affect cell migration, but not convergent extension movements. Ventral ccr7.S overexpression induced secondary axes and chrd.1 upregulation in gastrula‐stage embryos. Animal cap assays showed increased expression of neural and cement gland marker genes at later stages. Ccr7.S knockdown reduced chrd.1 expression and inhibited gastrulation at the dorsal side. Our findings suggest that ccr7.S plays important roles in morphogenetic movement and cell differentiation.
Ad maiorem Dei gloriam: Numeracy levels in the Guarani Jesuit missions
Authors: Gómez‐i‐Aznar Èric 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis work provides data on human capital for the Guarani Jesuit missions during the eighteenth century. Based on the age heaping methodology, the results of a large sample (over 3600 observations) suggest that the knowledge of numerical skills in these missions was exceptional. A comparison with other regions and locations with different institutional frameworks, religious or otherwise, or led by other religious orders, confirms the exceptionality of the Guarani Jesuit missions. The model of these missions, based on productive self‐sufficiency and egalitarian and cohesive social organisation, as well as respect for the pre‐existing culture exemplified by their Guaranisation and adaptation to the Guarani world view and language, could explain their successful educational performance and the intergenerational transmission of human capital beyond the disappearance of the Jesuit missions after 1767.
Statins as antiepileptogenic drugs: Analyzing the evidence and identifying the most promising statin
Authors: Hufthy Yousif , Bharadwaj Mahima , Gupta Shubhi , Hussain Delwar , Joseph Prince Josiah Sajanthan , Khan Alizah , King Jessica , Lahorgue Pieter , Jayawardena Ovin , Rostami‐Hochaghan Danial , Smith Chloe , Marson Anthony , Mirza Nasir 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMany brain insults and injuries are “epileptogenic”: they increase the risk of developing epilepsy. It is desirable to identify treatments that are “antiepileptogenic”: treatments that prevent the development of epilepsy, if administered after the occurrence of an epileptogenic insult. Current antiepileptic drugs are not antiepileptogenic, but evidence of antiepileptogenic efficacy is accumulating for a growing number of other compounds. From among these candidate compounds, statins are deserving of particular attention because statins are reported to be antiepileptogenic in more published studies and in a wider range of brain insults than any other individual or class of compounds. Although many studies report the antiepileptogenic effect of statins, it is unclear how many studies provide evidence that statins exhibit the following two essential features of a clinically viable antiepileptogenic drug: the drug must exert an antiepileptogenic effect even if it is initiated after the epileptogenic brain insult has already occurred, and the antiepileptogenic effect must endure even after the drug has been discontinued. In the current work, we interrogate published preclinical and clinical studies, to determine if statins fulfill these essential requirements. There are eight different statins in clinical use. To enable the clinical use of one of these statins for antiepileptogenesis, its antiepileptogenic effect will have to be established through future time‐ and resource‐intensive clinical trials. Therefore, it is desirable to review the published literature to determine which of the statins emerges as the most promising candidate for antiepileptogenic therapy. Hence, in the current work, we also collate and analyze published data—clinical and pre‐clinical, direct and indirect—that help to answer the question: Which statin is the most promising candidate to take forward into an antiepileptogenesis clinical trial?
Dual nature of mouse periderm structure, function and fate
Authors: Panteleyev Andrey A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe periderm is the outer layer of embryonic skin, which is essential for the development of the epidermis and the establishment of its barrier function. In humans, the periderm is a monolayer and is shed prenatally. The structure and fate of the mouse periderm remain puzzling. Using electron microscopy of mouse skin between the embryonic day 14.5 and the postnatal Day 2, we have assessed the periderm structure and its shedding patterns. In contrast to human periderm, the mouse periderm appears to be bilayered, comprising a presumably absorptive outer periderm with numerous microvilli and an inner periderm packed with specific (glycogen‐containing?) granules. The desmosomes between the inner periderm and the underlying epidermis are scarce, and they are totally absent between the inner and the outer periderm. The inner and outer periderms in mice are shed at different stages of development: the outer periderm is shed in utero in conjunction with barrier acquisition (E16‐18), while the inner periderm is retained postnatally. We assume that the bilayered structure of the mouse periderm and the postnatal retention of its inner layer represent the evolutionary adaptations in ancestral rodents which helps altricial newborns of their extant descendants to cope with acute dehydration right after birth and/or provides a substrate for proper bacterial colonization of newborn skin.