bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Fixture Locating Layout Design Using Comprehensive Optimised Machine Learning
Authors: Qazani Mohammad Reza Chalak , Parvaz Hadi , Pedrammehr Siamak 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Fixtures are commonly employed in production as work holding devices that keep the workpiece immobilized while machined. The workpiece's deformation, which affects machining precision, is greatly influenced by the positioning of fixture elements around the workpiece. By positioning the locators and clamps appropriately, the workpiece's deformation might be decreased. Therefore, it is required to model the fixture–workpiece system's complicated behavioural relationship. In this study, long-short term memory (LSTM), multilayer perception (MLP), and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) are three machine-learning approaches employed to model the connection between locator and clamp positions and maximum workpiece deformation throughout end milling. The hyperparameters of the developed ANFIS, MLP, and LSTM are chosen using the evolutionary algorithms, including genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), butterfly optimization algorithm (BOA), grey wolf optimization (GWO), and wolf optimization algorithm (WOA). Among developed methods, MLP optimized using BOA (BOA-MLP) reached the highest accuracy among all developed models in predicting the response surface. The developed model had a lower computational load than the final element model in calculating the response surface during the machining process. At the final step, the prementioned five evolutionary algorithms were implemented in the developed BOA-MLP to extract the optimal parameters of the fixture to decrease the deflection of the workpiece throughout the machining. The proposed method was modelled in MATLAB. The outcomes showed that the mentioned model was efficient enough compared with the previous method, such as optimized response surface methodology in the point view of 0.0441 (μm) lower workpiece deflection.
Increased seroprevalence and improved antibody responses following third primary SARS-CoV-2 immunisation: an update from the COV-AD study
Authors: Shields Adrian M , Faustini Sian E. , Hill Harriet J. , Al-Taei Saly , Tanner Chloe , Ashford Fiona , Workman Sarita , Moreira Fernando , Verma Nisha , Wagg Hollie , Heritage Gail , Campton Naomi , Stamataki Zania , Drayson Mark T. , Klenerman Paul , Thaventhiran James E. D. , Elkhalifa Shuayb , Goddard Sarah , Johnston Sarah , Huissoon Aarnoud , Bethune Claire , Elcombe Suzanne , Lowe David M. , Patel Smita Y. , Savic Sinisa , Richter Alex G. , Burns Siobhan O. , Consortium COVAD 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundPatients with primary and secondary antibody deficiency are vulnerable to COVID-19 and demonstrate diminished responses following two-dose SARS-CoV-2 vaccine schedules. Third primary vaccinations have been deployed to enhance their humoral and cellular immunity. ObjectivesTo determine the immunogenicity of the third primary SARS-CoV-2 immunisation in a heterogeneous cohort of patients with antibody deficiency. MethodsParticipants enrolled in the COV-AD study were sampled before and after their third vaccine dose. Serological and cellular responses were determined using ELISA, live-virus neutralisation and ELISPOT assays. ResultsA third primary SARS-CoV-2 vaccine significantly increased anti-spike glycoprotein antibody seroprevalence from 61.4% to 76.0%, the magnitude of the antibody response, its neutralising capacity and induced seroconversion in individuals who were seronegative after two vaccine doses. Vaccine-induced serological responses were broadly cross-reactive against the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 variant of concern, however, overall seroprevalence and antibody levels remained significantly lower than healthy controls. No differences in serological responses were observed between individuals who received the AstraZeneca ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and Pfizer BioNTech 162b2 during their initial two-dose vaccine schedule. SARS-CoV-2 infection naive participants who had received a heterologous vaccine as a third dose were significantly more likely to have a detectable T cell responses following their third vaccine dose (61.5% vs 11.1%). ConclusionThese data support the widespread use of third primary immunisations to enhance humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in individuals with antibody deficiency.
Covid-19's influence on cardiac function: a machine learning perspective on ECG analysis
Authors: Gomes Juliana Carneiro , de Santana Maíra Araújo , Masood Aras Ismael , de Lima Clarisse Lins , Santos Wellington Pinheiro dos 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: From December 2019, the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus from the Chinese city of Wuhan to the world gave rise to probably the biggest public health problem in the world: the Covid-19 pandemic. Initially seen only as a disease of the respiratory system, the scientific community soon realized that it was a disease of the blood with effects on the respiratory tract. Several works presented solutions to support the diagnosis of Covid-19 from the analysis of hematological parameters. However, considering its influence on hematological parameters, how does Covid-19 affect cardiac function? Methods: In this work, we sought to investigate how Covid-19 affects cardiac function using a machine learning approach to analyze electrocardiography (ECG) signals. We used a public database of ECG signals expressed as photographs of printed signals, obtained in the context of emergency care. This database has signals associated with abnormal heartbeat, myocardial infarction, history of myocardial infarction, Covid-19, and healthy heartbeat. We propose a system to support the diagnosis of Covid-19 based on hybrid deep architectures composed of pre-trained convolutional neural networks for feature extraction and Random Forests for classification. We investigated the LeNet, ResNet and VGG16 networks. Results: The best results were obtained with the VGG16 and Random Forest network with 100 trees, with attribute selection using particle swarm optimization. The instance size has been reduced from 4096 to 773 attributes. In the validation step, we obtained an accuracy of 94%, kappa index of 0.91, and sensitivity, specificity and area under the ROC curve of 100%. Conclusion: This work showed that the influence of Covid-19 on cardiac function is quite considerable: Covid-19 did not present confusion with any heart disease, nor with signs of healthy individuals. It is also possible to build a solution to support the clinical diagnosis of Covid-19 in the context of emergency care from a non-invasive and technologically scalable solution, based on hybrid deep learning architectures.
Neoadjuvant chemoradiation plus surgery for resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer compared to upfront surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trails
Authors: Xiang Zhi-Yong , Yang Xiao-Quan , Zhao Guang-yue , Wang Feng-jian , Liu Xin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The role of of neoadjuvant chemoradiation for resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer is controversial. We tried to compare the efficacy and safety between neoadjuvant chemoradiation plus surgery and upfront surgery for resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer Methods: We performed the relevant literature search from Embase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Wanfang and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) databases up to February 2022.We collected the related data of primary outcomes (R0-resection, negative lymph node, local recurrence, distant metastasis, grade ≥3 postoperative morbidity and mortality) and secondary outcomes (disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS)) for the analysis.Results: Four studies with 400 patients were included, while 197(49.3%) patients were in neoadjuvant chemoradiation group (neoadjuvant chemoradiation plus surgery) and 203(50.7%) patients were in upfront surgery group. Neoadjuvant chemoradiation group had better R0 resection rate (OR: 4.03, 95% CI: 2.37 to 6.86, P<0.001, chi2=1.23, P=0.75, I2=0%, Fig 2a) and negative lymph node (OR: 6.26, 95% CI: 3.64 to 10.76, P<0.001, chi2=2.30, P=0.51, I2=0%, Fig 2b) than upfront surgery group in the fixed-effects model with little heterogeneity. The other primary outcomes and secondary outcomes were similar in the two groups.Conclusion: In the treatment of resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer, neoadjuvant chemoradiation group could bring more R0 resection rates and negative lymph nodes than upfront surgery group. Neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy did not increase the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions and mortality. We speculated that neoadjuvant chemoradiation plus surgery could be a recommended treatment modality for resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer.
Virtual Histological Staining of Label-Free Total Absorption Photoacoustic Remote Sensing (TA-PARS)
Authors: Boktor Marian , Ecclestone Benjamin R. , Pekar Vlad , Dinakaran Deepak , Mackey John R. , Fieguth Paul , Reza Parsin Haji 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Histopathological visualizations are a pillar of modern medicine and biological research. Surgical oncology relies exclusively on post-operative histology to determine definitive surgical success and guide adjuvant treatments. The current histology workflow is based on bright-field microscopic assessment of histochemical stained tissues and has some major limitations. For example, the preparation of stained specimens for brightfield assessment requires lengthy sample processing, delaying interventions for days or even weeks. Therefore, there is a pressing need for improved histopathology methods. In this paper, we present a deep-learning-based approach for virtual label-free histochemical staining of total-absorption photoacoustic remote sensing (TA-PARS) images of unstained tissue. TA-PARS provides an array of directly measured label-free contrasts such as scattering and total absorption (radiative and non-radiative), ideal for developing H&E colorizations without the need to infer arbitrary tissue structures. We use a Pix2Pix generative adversarial network (GAN) to develop visualizations analogous to H&E staining from label-free TA-PARS images. Thin sections of human skin tissue were first virtually stained with the TA-PARS, then were chemically stained with H&E producing a one-to-one comparison between the virtual and chemical staining. The one-to-one matched virtually-and chemically-stained images exhibit high concordance validating the digital colorization of the TA-PARS images against the gold standard H&E. TA-PARS images were reviewed by four dermatologic pathologists who confirmed they are of diagnostic quality, and that resolution, contrast, and color permitted interpretation as if they were H&E. The presented approach paves the way for the development of TA-PARS slide-free histological imaging, which promises to dramatically reduce the time from specimen resection to histological imaging.
Design of hACE2-Based Small Peptide Inhibitors against Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2: A Computational Approach
Authors: Dhingra Naveen , Bhardwaj Ravindra , Bhardwaj Uma , Kapoor Kapish 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
COVID-19 which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been declared pandemic in 2019. Though there is development of vaccines but there is an emergence requirement of drugs against SARS-CoV-2. In the given study small peptide inhibitors with three amino acids are designed and docked against SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus using molecular docking approach. All the designed peptides bind at the active site but the highest binding affinity was observed for HisGluAsp. Molecular dynamics indicates marked stability of the compound. The molecule has followed the druglikeiness properties and with highest probability of being absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. The proposed small peptide could be a potential target against SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus.
Discrimination of Candida nivariensis and Candida bracarensis among Candida glabrata sensu lato isolates from clinical isolates in Tunisia
Authors: slama darine , zribi manel , Babba hamouda , sakly Wahiba 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Candida nivariensis and Candida bracarensis are new species of Candida that are phenotypically similar to Candida glabrata sensu stricto, causing significant problems for their identification by traditional laboratory methods. This study used a singleplex PCR method for the rapid identification of members of the Candida glabrata species complex (Candida glabrata sensu stricto, Candida nivariensis and Candida bracarensis). Furthermore, we tried to choose an appropriate extraction method, which is an important factor for the success of the PCR approach.
Methods
A total of 163 clinical isolates cultured from urine samples, vaginal swabs, placenta, intrauterine device, and urinary catheter in patients from the Maternity and Neonatology Center of Monastir were screened. A singleplex PCR was used targeting the RPL31 gene for the discrimination between species of the Candida glabrata complex. Four different DNA extraction methods, two commercial kits (GF-1Tissue/Blood), the phenol–chloroform isoamylic method, and chelating resin, were applied to obtain and determine the most effective DNA extraction method. The DNA quantity and quality were determined using Nanodrop and PCR.
Results
The Singleplex PCR assay amplified a 1.061 bp amplicon from all 163 Candida glabrata sensu stricto isolates, thus identifying all clinical isolates in Tunisia as Candida glabrata sensu stricto. Low DNA concentrations were measured for all methods, and the results showed that with one method, PCR success was 100%. The results of DNA purity and quantity measurements show variant results.
Conclusion
Our results obtained from a collection of clinical Candida glabrata sensu lato isolates show that Candida nivariensis and Candida bracarensis are not clinically important or prevalent in Tunisia. For the extraction method, Chelex (chelating resin) turned out to be a rapid, low-cost method that can provide high-quality DNA.
Pancreatic and duodenal injuries: Experience at a single trauma centre
Authors: Pang Mark Alexander Yet Fee , Fischer Nicholas J 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background:Pancreatic and duodenal injuries are uncommon due to a relative protection by their posterior anatomical position and have an incidence of less than 1% of all hospital admissions for trauma. Auckland City Hospital (ACH) is a tertiary referral hospital in New Zealand with Trauma and Hepatopancreatobiliary units and admits approximately 384 patients with major trauma per year, predominantly from blunt mechanisms. This study is used to assess the incidence, diagnosis and clinical management of pancreatic and duodenal injuries in trauma patients at a single trauma centre. Method:A retrospective study was undertaken using data from a prospectively collected trauma registry. Inpatient notes including all patients admitted from 2007 to 2020 were reviewed. Pancreatic and duodenal injuries were graded using the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) organ injury scale (OIS) grading system. Investigations including radiology and biochemistry and clinical management were noted.Results:A total of 45 trauma patients admitted to Auckland City Hospital had sustained pancreatic or duodenal injuries, during a period in which approximately 380 patients per year were admitted with major trauma. Six patients had combined pancreaticoduodenal injuries, 16 had duodenal and 23 had pancreatic injuries. Grade I organ injuries were the most common in pancreatic (19/29) and duodenal injuries (9/22). The majority of patients underwent laparotomy (33/45) for associated haemodynamic instability. All organ specific indications for surgery occurred in Grade II and higher injuries. 10/45 patients were managed non-operatively, of which the majority had Grade I or II organ injuries (9/45). 3/45 patients died.Conclusion:The incidence of pancreaticoduodenal injuries is rare (45 patients in 13 years) and in keeping with trauma literature. In our series, haemodynamically stable patients with Grade I - II pancreatic and Grade I - II (non-laceration type) duodenal injuries did not require operative management. Endoscopic pancreatic stenting may facilitate selective non-operative management in some patients with pancreatic duct injury or complications.
Energy Aware Data Harvesting Strategy Based on Optimal Node Selection for Extended Network Lifecycle in Smart Dust
Authors: D Rajesh 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Smart Dust environment face additional challenges as a result of the use of movable Smart Dust basestation(BS), despite its benefits. The main point of contention is the BS positioning updates to the smart dust nodes. Each smart object ought to be aware of the BS location so that it can send its data to the BS. According to the prevailing Flooding approach, the moveable BS must continuously distribute its location throughout the network in order to inform smart dust nodes about the BS location. In every case, visit positioning upgrades from the BS can result in maximal power usage as well as enhanced network breakdowns. Different sorts of routing architectures can be used to reduce BS position updating. A routing strategy based on the movable BS is successful if it preserves the network network's power consumption and latencies to a minimum. The study's main goal is to develop an energy-efficient routing mechanism focused on adaptive movable BS modification. In the Smart Dust Head (SDH) establishing the inferred surroundings, the most latest movable BS location will be preserved. As a result, rather than soliciting SDH in the environment, the location of the BS is propagated to the smart dust nodes located at the sectors in integrated networking. By transmitting request information to the nearest sector, the remaining SDH can find the most current BS location. The message's recipient is determined based on the information gathered. The best fuzzy related clustering algorithm will be used to accomplish this. The Enhanced Oppositional grey wolf optimization (EOGWO) methodology can be used to perform the improvement. Optimum network throughput, low latency, and other metrics are used to assess performance. To enhance productivity, the findings will be analyzed and compared to previous routing methodologies.
Perceptions, Intentions, and Actual Use of a Recreational Nicotine Gum
Authors: Olson Cheryl K. , Sherwood Neil , Berkane Maia , Gilligan Karin , McKinney Willie J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND
This is the first study of perceptions, intentions, actual use, and quitting behaviors among adult users and nonusers of LUCY® Chew and Park, a recreational nicotine gum product that is not a nicotine replacement therapy (NRT).
METHODS
Data were collected from a Qualtrics online panel (N = 1,000) of non-users recruited based on smoking status, and from current and former LUCY users (N = 500). In addition to descriptive cross-sectional analyses, logistic regression was used to estimate the probability of intent to try and of product appeal among groups of different smoking status.
RESULTS
Among non-users, smokers with and without intentions to quit showed high intention to try LUCY (odds ratios 15.6 [95% CI 9.3, 27.6] and 9.8 [95% CI 5.8, 17.3] respectively compared to former smokers), and never-smokers showed low intention to try. Most former and never-smokers did not find any of the three LUCY flavors appealing; there was no evidence that flavors appealed more to young adults than to older adults. Never-smokers perceived far greater health risks from LUCY use compared to smokers. Among product users, two-thirds (61.6%) had vaped regularly, and half (49.8%) had smoked cigarettes regularly before initiating use; 43.4% of the latter indicated they began use “to help me quit smoking.” Only 0.6% of young adult users (aged 21–30) had not used tobacco products previously. Half of the user sample had previously used NRT gum; flavors and taste were the most-mentioned difference. One-third of current users who had smoked regularly prior to using LUCY said they would return to smoking if LUCY were not available.
CONCLUSIONS
LUCY does not appear to attract tobacco nonusers; results for young adults suggest minimal appeal to youth. LUCY was used primarily by male and female smokers and vapers wishing to quit or reduce use of those products; many found NRT gum an unappealing alternative due to taste and/or product image. LUCY flavors seem to enhance appeal to tobacco users, whereas never-smokers viewed LUCY as unappealing and a health risk. These results suggest that a non-NRT nicotine gum may help some users of higher-risk nicotine products reduce or quit use of those products.
The antimicrobial study of the prepared Cu-MOF incorporated with diatomite
Authors: abdelmoaty alaa , El-Beih Ahmed A. , Hanna Adli A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This work is concerned with the studies of the bioactivities of the prepared Cu-MOF compound and its modification with diatomite. This work aims to preparation and characterization of Cu-MOF nano-particles and evaluation against some organisms. Otherwise, the structure of the Cu-MOF was modified and the effects of modification on the bioactivity were investigated. Cu-MOF/diatomite was prepared and their characterizations by using different methods were carried. The characterization by flourier transforms Infrared red (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD),transmission electron microscope (TEM)andthermal degradation analysis (TGA) indicate that Cu-MOF incorporated onto the diatomite unit. The thermogravimetric studies, also showed that as the diatomite particles coated with the organic fragments prevent their thermal decomposition at low temperature. The antimicrobial of Cu-MOF/diatomite was studied by using the agar diffusion technique; it is found that incorporated Cu-MOF onto diatomite increases the bioactivity of Cu-MOF.
4D Modeling of Precipitable Water Vapor to Assess Flood Forecasting by Using GPS Signals
Authors: Sorkhabi Omid Memarian , Djamour Yahya 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Every year the government and people suffer from the cost of damages caused by natural disasters such as hurricanes and floods. Thanks to Global Positioning System (GPS) permanent station data, today it is possible to determine the amount of Water Vapor (WV) very accurately and reliably. GPS signals pass through different layers of the atmosphere, such as the ionosphere and troposphere, and therefore they are delayed. A significant part of the delay is due to the troposphere, which is one of the serious sources of error in GPS. In this research, by using 5 GPS permanent stations located in the Arasbaran region, in northwest of Iran, the Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) is evaluated in order to show the capacity of this method in forecasting the October 2012 flood over the region. The results showed that the amount of PWV in the atmosphere had increased by 2 mm a few hours before the flood, which could be used as a forecast indicator. The Tikhonov regularization for tropospheric tomography covering the GPS stations region was also performed for latitude and altitude components for 3 consecutive days: the day before the flood, the flood day, and the day after the flood. A high amount of PWV was observed in the troposphere on the day before the flood, and especially on the flood day. During the study period, the results from tomography and the radiosonde were in good agreement, with a significance correlation of around 0.95. Also, the values of PWV obtained from GPS and MODIS-NIR do not have an absolute error more than 4.4 mm over the 8 days from 8 October 2012 to 15 October 2012.