bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum aspartate aminotransferase, a novel potential biomarker of prognosis in extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma, nasal type
Authors: Yao Ningning , Hou Qing , Liang Yu , Cao Xin , Sun Bochen , Wei Lijuan , Li Hongwei , Guo Ruyuan , Sun Ruifang , Cao Jianzhong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

BackgroundAspartate aminotransferase (AST), an indicator of liver cell damage, was related to the prognosis of certain malignant tumors. This study examined the predictive value of AST in patients with extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma (ENKTL).MethodsWe reviewed 183 cases diagnosed with ENKTL and selected 26 U/L as the optimum cut-off value of AST. We used the univariate and multivariate Cox regression to compare the different AST groups' overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).ResultsPrior to propensity score matching (PSM), Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients in the low AST subgroup had better OS and PFS than the high AST subgroup. Multivariate analysis revealed that AST was an independent indicator for prognosis. After PSM, the low AST subgroup maintained a significantly better OS and PFS than the high AST subgroup.ConclusionAST might represent a significant prognostic marker for ENKTL patients.
Construction of a novel rabbit model of ureteral calculi implanted with flowable resin
Authors: Su Hao , Liu Heng , Yang Ke , Chen Weiming , Yuan Dongbo , Wang Wei , Zhu Guohua , Hu Bin , Jiang Kehua , Zhu Jianguo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to characterize the pathophysiological changes of hydronephrosis caused by ureteral calculi obstruction in a new rabbit ureteral calculi model by implanting flowable resin.Methods: Forty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups: the calculi group and the sham control group. In the calculi group (n=20), rabbits were operated at left lower abdomen and the left ureter was exposed. Then flowable resin (flowable restorative dental materials) was injected into the left ureter using a 0.45mm diameter intravenous infusion needle. Then light-cured for 40 sec by means of a dental curing light to form calculi. In the sham control group, normal saline was injected into the ureter. Stone formation was assessed by X-ray and unenhanced CT scan after surgery. The pathophysiological changes were evaluated through anatomy, HE staining and routine blood and urine tests.Results: Ureteral calculi models were successfully constructed in 17 rabbits. In calculi group, high-density shadows were observed in the left lower abdomen on postoperative day 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th by X-ray and CT scan. Anatomy found obstruction formation of the left ureters, dilatation of the renal pelvis and upper ureter during 7 days after surgery. The renal long-diameters of the left ureters increased only on the 1st postoperative day. HE staining found ureteral and kidney damage after surgery. The serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, white blood cells and urine red blood cells were raised at day 1 after surgery. However, the indicators returned to normal at day 3, 5, and 7.Conclusions: This is a very effect, stable, low prices, and highly reproducible ureteral calculi model by implanting flowable resin. And this novel model may allow us to further understand the pathophysiology changes caused by ureteral calculi obstruction.
Effect of oregano essential oil (Lippia berlandieri Schauer) inclusion on physicochemical properties of buffalo gourd (Cucurbita foetidissima Kunth) root starch films
Authors: Hernández-Centeno Francisco , Hernández-González María , Tirado-Gallegos Juan Manuel , Rodríguez-González Claudia , Rios-Velasco Claudio , Rodríguez-Hernández Ana Margarita , Peña Haydee Yajaira López-De la , Morales-Xicohténcatl José Manuel , Zamudio-Flores Paul Baruk 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In the present assay buffalo gourd root starch (BGRS) and Mexican oregano essential oil (OEO) (which are considered alternative botanical sources) were used to obtain biodegradable films. The effect of different concentrations of OEO (0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 1.0% w/w respect to starch) on the film’s physicochemical properties vs a control sample (without OEO) was evaluated. The additive inclusion significatively impacted on optical, mechanical, permeability, thermal and morphological properties with respect to the control, mainly at OEO low concentrations (0.1 and 0.3%), due to its component’s plasticizer capacity. FTIR analysis evidenced the different degrees of material’s components mixtures integration through the possible formation of hydrogen bonds. SEM micrographies showed an appropriated components integration for 0.1 and 0.5% OEO concentrations, and according to their physicochemical properties, these films may have a greater possibility to have applications on food packing.
A class of 5D Hamiltonian conservative hyperchaotic systems with symmetry and multistability
Authors: Dong Qing , Zhou Shihua , Zhang Qiang , Kasabov Nikola K. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Conservative chaos systems have been investigated with some special advantages. Taking symmetry as a starting point, this study proposes a class of fifive-dimensional(5D) conservative hyperchaotic systems by constructing a generalized Hamiltonian conservative system. The proposed systems can have diffffe ent types of coordinate-transformation and time-reversal symmetries. Also, the constructed systems are conservative in both volume and energy. The constructed systems are analyzed, and their conservative and chaotic properties are verifified by relevant analysis methods, including the equilibrium points, phase diagram, Lyapunov exponent diagram, bifurcation diagram, and two-parameter Lyapunov exponent diagram. An interesting phenomenon, namely, that the proposed systems have multistable features when the initial values are changed, is observed. Furthermore, a detailed multistable characteristic analysis of two systems is performed, and it is found that the two systems have difffferent numbers of coexisting orbits under the same energy. In addition, this type of system can also exhibit the coexistence of infifinite orbits of difffferent energies. Finally, the National Institute of Standards and Technology tests confifirmed that the proposed systems can produce sequences with strong pseudo-randomness.
Low Complexity Detector Based on Geometric Approximation for the Differential Schemes of Generalized Spatial Modulation
Authors: Jose Deepak 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Generalized spatial modulation (GSM) has come up as a spectrally efficient transmission scheme for high data rate applications as the information bits are transmitted in multiple dimensions by the selective activation of the transmit antennas, unlike the conventional schemes employing phase and amplitude-based modulations alone. Differential schemes for modulation are essential for receivers having strict energy and processing power constraints since these schemes do not require frequent channel estimation at the receiver. Differential schemes for GSM improve the spectral efficiency in comparison with conventional differential schemes for spatial modulation (SM) with only a nominal increase in the number of transmit antennas. However ML-based detectors require intensive processing at the receiver. In this paper, a simplified detector based on geometric approximation of the received signal is proposed for the differential schemes of GSM. Firstly, the two-stage detector selects a reduced set of candidates for the transmit antenna combinations based on the correlation with the received signal. A joint detection is performed with the l2 -norm minimization approach, on the reduced sets of antenna combinations, along with the modulated symbols lying in the vicinity of the dominant eigenvector of the received signal, to detect the transmitted symbol. The proposed detector has a significant reduction in complexity along with a comparable error performance with respect to the optimal detector.
High Co-expression of Immune Checkpoint Receptors PD-1, CTLA-4, LAG-3, TIM-3 and TIGIT on Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Mollavelioglu Baran , Aktas Esin Cetin , Cabioglu Neslihan , Abbasov Aykhan , Onder Semen , Emiroglu Selman , Tükenmez Mustafa , Muslumanoglu Mahmut , Igci Abdullah , Deniz Gunnur , Ozmen Vahit 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
High expression of immune checkpoint receptors (ICRs) in the tumor microenvironment regulates the anti-tumor response. In this study, the differential expression of ICRs on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in patients with early-stage breast cancer were investigated. The study included 32 patients who underwent surgery with a diagnosis of early-stage breast cancer between September 2018 and March 2020. TIL isolation was performed using a MACS tumor separation device and tumor separation kit. PD-1, CTLA-4, LAG-3, TIM-3, and TIGIT expression of cytotoxic T and natural killer (NK) cells on TILs and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) were determined by flow cytometry. Patients with a high Ki-67 index, high TIL density, and HER-2 positivity were more likely to have increased CD16+CD56dim NK cells on TILs. Patients with T2 tumors were more likely to have increased expression of PD-1, LAG-3 and TIGIT on tumor-infiltrating CD8+ cytotoxic T cells than those with T1 tumors. PD-1, CTLA-4, TIGIT, LAG-3, and TIM-3 expression of CD8+ T and CD16−CD56bright NK cells in TILs showed significant positive correlations with each other. PD1+CD8+, TIGIT+CD16+ and CTLA-4+CD56+ cells in PBLs and TILs were found to be negatively correlated, whereas only TIM-3+ expression of CD8+ T and CD16+CD56dim cells in PBLs and TILs showed positive correlations. Our results suggest that CD16+CD56dim NK cells on TILs may play a major role in the immune response against HER2-positive or highly proliferating breast tumors in patients with early-stage breast cancer. Furthermore, various ICRs were found to be highly co-expressed with each other on TILs, including PD-1, CTLA-4, LAG-3, TIM-3, and TIGIT. These receptors may synergistically suppress the response to the tumor, which may trigger immune escape mechanisms in the early stage of carcinogenesis. However, ICR expressions other than TIM3 on PBLs were not found to accompany their counterparts on TILs.
Land Quality Index for Paddy (Orzya sativa L.) Cultivation Area based on Deep Learning Approach using Geographical Information System and Geostatistical Techniques
Authors: Senyer Nurettin , Akay Hasan , Odaba¸sOdaba¸s Mehmet Serhat , Dengiz Orhan , Sivarajan Saravanan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Many fields in Turkey have suitable ecological conditions for rice production and its per hectare yield is usually above the global average. However, because of such as unstable fertilization, lack of nutrients, and irrigation, the production amount cannot meet the consumption amount when soil properties are not considered. This case entails Republic of Turkey to be a rice-importing country. The present study was conducted to on a 1,763-hectare field in the province of C ¸ orum, Osmancık district, 1 Springer Nature 2022 L A T E X template Land Quality Index based on DL using GIS and Geostatistical Techniques which is one of the most significant rice fields in Turkey. The main purpose of this study is to determine land quality classes for rice (Oryza sativa L.) production based on Geographic Information System (GIS) and the deep learning approach. Deep learning is a popular technique for image processing and data analysis with procuring results and great potential. This technique has recently been used extensively in precision agriculture applications. In the study, Feedforward Neural Networks (FNN), a basic deep learning model, was used. It is used 15 different physicochemical properties (pH, EC, lime, OM, depth, slope, HI, HA, clay, silt, sand, N, P, K, and Zn). Using this parameters soil types was classified and regression analysis (index, efficiency, NAI, and SQI) was performed by deep learning. In the study, using the index, efficiency, NAI, and SQI soil parameters as network outputs caused different performance levels in models. Therefore, different models were suggested for each network output. R2 values are at an acceptable level for predicting parameters (index: 91.14%, efficiency: 87.50%, NAI: 87.54%, and SQI: 87.54%). A success rate of 88% is achieved in classifying ”class” information. It has been shown that deep learning can be used successfully in predicting soil parameters and identifying land quality classes. In addition, identified land quality classes have been confirmed by field study. As regards research results, a significant positive relationship was found between land quality classes and yield using Statistical methods. In addition, according to field validation study, rice yield was significantly affected by the land quality classes which was at a p < 0.001 level. The highest product yield was achieved in (7197 kg ha −1 in S1 class), (5032 kg ha −1 in S2 class), and then (3572 kg ha −1 in S3 class).
Effect of Multiple Cycles of Gelatinization and Fermentation in Chinese Strong-Flavor Baijiu on Sorghum Starch
Authors: Zong Xuyan , Wen Lei , Mou Tingting , Wang Yanting , Li Li 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The property changes of sorghum starch during multiple cycles of gelatinization fermentation were studied. This study simulated strong-flavor Baijiu’s gelatinization and fermentation process (The sorghum as raw material, the distillers' grains as control). The results showed that the starch content of the same batch of sorghum after five cycles of gelatinization and fermentation was 9.98% (Cannot continue to be used for fermentation), and about 60% of the starch was consumed in the first three cycles of gelatinization and fermentation. The gel properties of sorghum starch gradually decreased during fermentation but slightly increased after gelatinization. After five cycles of gelatinization and fermentation, the sorghum starch has a uniform size and thin and small fragment structure. At the same time, sorghum starch does not form new groups. The recrystallization of starch caused by multiple cycles of gelatinization and fermentation increased the onset gelatinization temperature (from 61.6 to 114.4 °C), peak gelatinization temperature (from 78.5 to 139.5 °C), and gelatinization enthalpy (from 7.980 to 17.121 J/g) of sorghum starch. The crystalline structure of sorghum starch changed from the initial type A to type A+V, type A+B+V, and finally to type B.
A2A adenosine receptor agonist reduced MMP8 expression in healthy M2-like macrophages but not in macrophages from ankylosing spondylitis patients
Authors: sadatpour Omid , Ebrahimi Mohammad Taha , Akhtari Maryam , Ahmadzadeh Nooshin , Vojdanian Mahdi , Jamshidi Ahmadreza , Farhadi Elham , Mahmoudi Mahdi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease that mostly affects different joints of the body. Macrophages are the predominant cells that mediate disease progression by secreting several pro-inflammatory mediators. Different receptors are involved in macrophages' function including the adenosine receptors (AR). We wanted to assess the effect of applying A2A adenosine receptor agonist (CGS-21680) on the gene expression of inflammatory mediators including bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP)-2, 4 and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-3, 8, 9, and 13 on the macrophages from AS patients compared to healthy macrophages.
Methods
Monocytes were removed from the whole blood of 28 individuals (AS patients and healthy controls in a 1:1 ratio). Macrophages were generated using macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), and flow cytometry was used to confirm surface markers. CGS-21680 was used to treat cells that had been differentiated. SYBR green real-time PCR was used to examine gene expression.
Results
Activating A2AAR diminished MMP8 expression in healthy macrophages while it cannot reduce MMP8 expression in patients’ macrophages. The effect of A2AAR activation on the expression of BMP2 and MMP9 reached statistical significance neither in healthy macrophages nor in the patients' group. We also discovered a significant positive connection between MMP8 expression and patient scores on the Bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index (BASFI).
Conclusion
Due to the disability of A2AAR activation in the reduction of MMP8 expression in patients' macrophages and the correlation of MMP8 expression with BASFI index in patients, these results represent defects and dysregulations in the related signaling pathway in patients' macrophages.
A Nanozyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Aflatoxin B1 detection with High Sensitivity and Excellent Reproducibility
Authors: Peng Shuang , Li Kai , Wang Yi-xuan , Li Lin , Cheng Yun-Hui , Xu Zhou 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The nanozyme-linked immunosorbent assay (NLISA) has attracted increasing attention for detecting mycotoxin due to its excellent specificity and low-cost. However, the dispersion of most nanozymes is not desirable, which usually leads to poor reproducibility of detection. Herein, we generated a novel porous Iron-Porphyrin-Zr-MOF NanoPCN-223(Fe) with outstanding dispersion and superior peroxidase-like activity. The excellent dispersion and catalytic performance of NanoPCN-223(Fe) was exploited to establish an enhanced dispersion MOF-linked immunosorbent assay (Ed-MOFLISA) to detect aflatoxin B1 in real food samples. The optimized Ed-MOFLISA displayed a broad quantitative range from 0.05 to 10 ng/mL and a limit of detection of 0.003 ng/mL. The recovery of spiked peanut milk and soy milk ranged from 91.22–97.63%. Intra-assay and inter-assay coefficient of variation values ranged from 0.78 to 3.85%, demonstrating the outstanding reproducibility and accuracy of Ed-MOFLISA. The findings indicate the suitability of novel NanoPCN-223(Fe) with enhanced dispersion for NLISA in food safety analyses.
Relative importance of processing deficits in seven sensory modalities in predicting quantitative autistic traits in adults
Authors: Bang Peter , Igelström Kajsa 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Atypical sensory processing measured by self- or parent-report co-segregates with quantitative autistic traits (QAT) and has potential endophenotypic properties relevant to the mechanisms of autism. However, it is not known whether this association reflects a generalized sensory dysfunction or combinations of modality-specific mechanisms. Collinearity between QAT and modality-specific sensory scales limits the use of multiple regression to determine relative importance. Therefore, we combined a Bayesian variable selection method with dominance analysis to obtain a more nuanced understanding of potential modality-specific associations.
Methods
We recruited two independent cohorts of adults online to complete the Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire and the Glasgow Sensory Questionnaire (N = 592 in total). Subscale scores were derived for social, communicative, and rigid QAT and for the visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory, gustatory, proprioceptive, and vestibular sensory modalities. For each QAT, we performed a stochastic search variable selection (SSVS) procedure on the sensory modality subscales to test which sensory modalities predicted QAT while controlling for uncertainty in the other variables. Dominance analysis was then applied to the models identified by the SSVS to evaluate the relative importance of sensory modalities in predicting QAT.
Results
Only auditory scores reliably predicted all three QAT. The proprioceptive scale, which included motor and interoceptive deficits, specifically predicted communicative QAT. The tactile scale, which included touch sensitivity and atypical pain/temperature processing, specifically predicted social QAT.
Limitations:
The findings must be interpreted in light of limitations of the Glasgow Sensory Questionnaire. For example, associations between QAT and visual, olfactory, gustatory, or vestibular modalities might appear if measured in a different way. The study relied on self-report by anonymous participants, which precluded clinical evaluation of sensory difficulties. It is also important to note that the modalities found to lack associations with QAT are nevertheless known to be clinically significant in autism.
Conclusions
Auditory processing deficits, such as noise sensitivity, strongly predicted all QAT, whereas other sensory modalities did not. Thus, auditory processing could be further studied as a potential sensory endophenotype for autism. The results also indicate potential roles for tactile dysfunction in atypical social interaction and proprioceptive/motor dysfunction in pragmatic language.
A novel nested-qPCR assay for detection of Babesia duncani infection in hamsters and humans
Authors: Wang Yanbo , Zhang Shangdi , Wang Jinming , Rashid Muhammad , Wang Xiaorong , Liu Xinyue , Yin Hong , Guan Guiquan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Babesia duncani is a causative pathogen for human babesiosis, transmitted by tick bite, blood transfusion, and pregnancy. As an important haemo protozoan disease, diagnostic assay of this pathogen is not available and its detection is neglected during transfusion and utilization of blood products.
Methods
In this study, primers and probes were designed in variable regions of B. duncani 18S rRNA gene. A novel molecular approach, nested quantitative polymerase chain reaction (nested-qPCR), was developed to specifically detect DNA of B. duncani in blood samples from hamster and human. Comparative analyses of our established technique with previously reported nested-PCR and microscopy were conducted using experimentally infected and clinical samples.
Results
The newly optimized diagnostic technique showed no cross reaction with other zoonotically important Babesia spp. such as Babesia microti, Babesia divergens, Babesia crassa, and Babesia motasi Hebei. The detection limit of nested-qPCR was approximately 1 copy of plasmid in a total of 20 µl volume or 1 infected red blood cells in 200 µl of whole blood. The specificity and sensitivity of this method are 100% and 98.6%, respectively. Comparative analyses revealed that nested-qPCR showed relatively higher efficacy and specificity for detecting B. duncani than microscopic examination and nested-PCR. Investigation of 492 specimens from patients of tick bite from Gansu Province, China presents no B. duncani infection.
Conclusions
In this study, we provide a novel diagnostic assay for determining B. duncani infection and investigating its prevalence in specific areas.