bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practical Part-Specific Trajectory Optimization for Robot-Guided Inspection via Computed Tomography
Authors: Bauer Fabian , Forndran Daniel , Schromm Thomas , Grosse Christian U. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRobot-guided computed tomography enables the inspection of parts that are too large for conventional systems and allows, for instance, the non-destructive and volumetric evaluation of mechanical joining components within already assembled cars in the automotive industry. However, the typical scan time required by such setups is still significant and represents a major barrier for its industrial large-scale application. As an approach to mitigate the necessary time demand, we propose a part-specific adjustment of the acquisition trajectory. Common circular standard trajectories are inherently inefficient, since they are applied independently of the considered inspection task, while the use of acquisition orbits tailored particularly to the investigated object effectively allows a reduction of the required number of projections, which in turn has the potential to directly decrease the scan time significantly. In contrast to former simulation-guided approaches, this work is considered to be the first successful task-specific trajectory optimization being performed on a robot-based industrial CT platform and aims towards providing a first proof of concept that such methods can be practically applied in a shop floor environment. Based on representative results, a reduction of the number of required projections by approx. 55 % or an image quality improvement according to the root-mean squared error by approx. 40 % compared to the conventionally applied planar acquisition trajectory was achieved.
Style Management: Images of Global Counter-Terrorism at the United Nations
Authors: Roele Isobel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractModels of global governance abound: expert governance, networked governance, algorithmic governance, and old-fashioned juridico-political governance vie for explanatory power. This article takes up style as a way of analysing configurations of governance that do not readily fit a particular model of governance. Style is particularly revealing when it comes to deliberately unspecified or over-specified, genre-busting, and bet-hedging ways of imagining governance. The UN’s use of the phrase ‘convening power’ is a case in point. This article looks at how the UN has styled itself as a convening power in the area of counter-terrorism governance. A visual analysis of promotional materials for the UN’s Counter-Terrorism Week suggests that the UN’s self-styling as a convening power is shaped by anxieties as well as aspirations.
Overall haemostatic potential (OHP) assay can risk stratify for venous thromboembolism recurrence in anticoagulated patients
Authors: Wang Julie , Lim Hui Yin , Brook Rowena , Lai Jeffrey , Nandurkar Harshal , Ho Prahlad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAssessing the risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE), particularly when patients are anticoagulated, remains a major challenge largely due to the lack of biomarkers. Blood was sampled from adult VTE patients recruited between January 2018 and September 2020, while receiving therapeutic anticoagulation. Results were compared to 144 healthy subjects (34.7% male, median age 42 years). Overall haemostatic potential (OHP) assay, a spectrophotometric assay, was performed on platelet-poor plasma, in which fibrin formation (triggered by small amounts of thrombin (overall coagulation potential, OCP)) and fibrinolysis (by the addition of thrombin and tissue plasminogen activator (OHP)) are simultaneously measured. Results were obtained from 196 patients (52.6% male, mean age 57.1 years). Compared to healthy subjects, VTE patients displayed significantly higher OCP (39.6 vs 34.5 units, p < 0.001) and OHP (9.3 vs 6.4 units, p < 0.001) as well as lower overall fibrinolytic potential (75.6 v s81.1%, p < 0.001). All 16 VTE recurrences, including 11 unprovoked, occurred above an OCP cut-off of 40th percentile (recurrence rate 4.32/100 patient-years (100PY), 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.39–7.80, p = 0.002). Of 97 patients who subsequently discontinued anticoagulation, all unprovoked VTE recurrences (n = 9) occurred above the 40th OCP percentile (recurrence rate 9.10/100PY, 95% CI 4.74–17.49, p = 0.005) and the 40th OHP percentile (recurrence rate 8.46/100PY, 95% CI 4.40–16.25, p = 0.009). Our pilot study demonstrates that the OHP assay can detect a hypercoagulable and hypofibrinolytic state in anticoagulated VTE patients and may be able to risk stratify VTE recurrence, allowing for more individualised decision on long-term anticoagulation. Further larger prospective studies are required.
Physiochemical and thermal characterisation of faba bean starch
Authors: Nilsson Klara , Sandström Corine , Özeren Hüsamettin Deniz , Vilaplana Francisco , Hedenqvist Mikael , Langton Maud 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe structure and physicochemical properties of starch isolated from the cotyledon and hull of faba beans and from wheat (as reference) were examined using 16 different methods. The amylose content in faba bean cotyledon and hull starch was 32% and 36%, respectively, and that in wheat starch was 21%. The faba bean cotyledon and hull starch were structurally alike both displaying C-polymorphic pattern, a similar degree of branching and similar branch chain length distributions. Wheat starch had a significantly greater prevalence of short amylopectin chains (DP < 12) and a higher degree of branching. Granules in both faba bean starches exhibited surface cracks and were more homogenous in size than the smoother wheat starch granules. Gelatinisation temperature was higher for the faba bean starches, likely as an effect of high amylose content and longer starch chains delaying granular swelling. Cotyledon starch produced pastes with the highest viscosities in all rheological measurements, probably owing to larger granules. Higher prevalence of lipids and resistant starch reduced the viscosity values for hull starch. For all starches, viscosity increased at faster heating rates. During the rheological analyses, the samples were exposed to different instruments, heating rates and temperatures ranges, differing from standard rheological procedures, which could help predict how different processing techniques effect the final starch textures.
Graphical abstract
Reliance on distraction is associated with increased avoidance behavior under approach-avoidance conflict
Authors: Walker Ebony A , Aupperle Robin L ,   Tulsa 1000 Investigators, Paulus Martin P , Ironside Maria 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe use of less effective emotional regulation strategies, such as distraction, may relate to greater reliance on avoidance behavior under conflict. Tulsa 1000 participants (n = 478) were recruited trans diagnostically and completed an approach avoidance conflict (AAC) task. Following the task, participants reported their use of distraction as an emotional regulation strategy. Quantile regression showed negative main effects of distraction and age on approach behavior under conflict. This suggests that individuals who use distraction as a regulation strategy are more likely to engage in avoidance behavior under conflict, which has treatment implications.
Mining and modelling temporal dynamics of followers’ engagement on online social networks
Authors: Vassio Luca , Garetto Michele , Leonardi Emilio , Chiasserini Carla Fabiana 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA relevant fraction of human interactions occurs on online social networks. In this context, the freshness of content plays an important role, with content popularity rapidly vanishing over time. We therefore investigate how influencers’ generated content (i.e., posts) attracts interactions, measured by the number of likes or reactions. We analyse the activity of influencers and followers over more than 5 years, focusing on two popular social networks: Facebook and Instagram, including more than 13 billion interactions and about 4 million posts. We investigate the influencers’ and followers’ behaviour over time, characterising the arrival process of interactions during the lifetime of posts, which are typically short-lived. After finding the factors playing a crucial role in the post popularity dynamics, we propose an analytical model for the user interactions. We tune the parameters of the model based on the past behaviour observed for each given influencer, discovering that fitted parameters are pretty similar across different influencers and social networks. We validate our model using experimental data and effectively apply the model to perform early prediction of post popularity, showing considerable improvements over a simpler baseline.
Regional Characterization of the Gottingen Minipig Brain by [18 F]FDG Dynamic Pet Modeling
Authors: Filomena Santarelli Maria , Elena Pasini , Carlotta Baroni , Anita De Santi Lisa , Giulia Furini , Domiziana Terlizzi , Samuele Cavaleri , Michelangelo Bertasi , Enrico Grasso , Dario Genovesi , Vincenzo Positano , Vincenzo Lionetti , Assuero Giorgetti 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To determine the best kinetic model to be applied on dynamic brain [18 F]FDG PET images by characterizing the regional brain glucose metabolism of normal Göttingen minipigs.

Methods
Nine Göttingen minipigs were scanned with a clinical PET/CT tomograph, starting from the injection of an intravenous bolus of [18 F]FDG, for about 25 min. Dynamic images were reconstructed and nine brain regions of interest (ROI), plus a vascular region, were defined and time-activity curves (TAC) were determined.
Three kinetic models were considered for fitting with experimental TACs: one-tissue compartment model 1TC, two-tissue irreversible compartment model 2TCi and two-tissue reversible model 2TC. Akaike Information Criterion was considered to evaluate the goodness of each model fitting. Regional and global kinetic parameter values were evaluated, in addition to the partition coefficient, net influx rate and retention index (RI).

Results
Both 2TCi and 2TC models turned out to be good choices for the next analysis. Parameter values were very similar between the different brain regions, with similar values to when the brain as a whole is considered (kinetic parameters mean values, from 2TCi model: K1 = 1.0 ml/g/min, k2 = 0.49 min− 1, k3 = 0.034 min− 1, K1/k2 = 2.14ml/g, Ki =0.069 ml/g/min; from 2TC model: K1 = 1.10 ml/g/min, k2 = 0.54 min− 1, k3 = 0.058 min− 1, k4 = 0.039 min− 1, K1/k2 = 2.18 ml/g, Ki = 0.10 ml/g/min; RI mean ± sd: 0.147 ± 0.037 min− 1), with the exception of the cerebellum (mean values from the 2TCi model: K1 = 0.52 ml/g/min, k2 = 0.56 min− 1, k3 = 0.025 min− 1, K1/k2 = 0.98ml/g, Ki=0.022 ml/g/min; from 2TC model: K1 = 0.54 ml/g/min, k2 = 0.61 min− 1, k3 = 0.044 min− 1, k4 = 0.038 min− 1, K1/k2 = 0.95ml/g, Ki=0.032 ml/g/min; RI mean ± sd: 0.071 ± 0.018 min− 1).

Conclusion
The two-tissue model is able to describe the regional brain metabolism in Göttingen minipigs. Compared to the 2TCi model, in the 2TC model the k4 micro-parameter was also evaluated. This led to adjustments of the other microparameters, especially k3 and consequently the net influx rate Ki. For healthy minipigs, the glucose metabolism was similar in all of the brain regions analyzed, with the exception of the cerebellum, where the FDG uptake was lower.
Insights into genome evolution, pan-genome, and phylogenetic implication through mitochondrial genome sequence of Naegleria fowleri species
Authors: Aurongzeb Muhammad , Rashid Yasmeen , Habib Ahmed Naqvi Syed , Muhammad Talha Malik Hafiz , Kamran Azim Muhammad , Hassan Syed Shah , Yasir Muhammad , Karim Asad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn the current study, we have systematically analysed the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence of Naegleria fowleri (N. fowleri) isolate AY27, isolated from Karachi, Pakistan. The N. fowleri isolate AY27 has a circular mtDNA (49,541 bp), which harbours 69 genes (46 protein-coding genes, 21 tRNAs and 2 rRNAs). The pan-genome analysis of N. fowleri species showed a Bpan value of 0.137048, which implies that the pan-genome is open. KEGG classified core, accessory and unique gene clusters for human disease, metabolism, environmental information processing, genetic information processing and organismal system. Similarly, COG characterization of protein showed that core and accessory genes are involved in metabolism, information storages and processing, and cellular processes and signaling. The Naegleria species (n = 6) formed a total of 47 gene clusters; 42 single-copy gene clusters and 5 orthologous gene clusters. It was noted that 100% genes of Naegleria species were present in the orthogroups. We identified 44 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the N. fowleri isolate AY27 mtDNA using N. fowleri strain V511 as a reference. Whole mtDNA phylogenetic tree analysis showed that N. fowleri isolates AY27 is closely related to N. fowleri (Accession no. JX174181.1). The ANI (Average Nucleotide Identity) values presented a much clear grouping of the Naegleria species compared to the whole mtDNA based phylogenetic analysis. The current study gives a comprehensive understanding of mtDNA architecture as well as a comparison of Naegleria species (N. fowleri and N. gruberi species) at the mitochondrial genome sequence level.
A practical test of the link between perceived identifiability and prosociality with two field studies
Authors: Seetahul Yashvin , Greitemeyer Tobias 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCovering the face with masks in public settings has been recommended since the start of the pandemic. Because faces provide information about identity, and that face masks hide a portion of the face, it is plausible to expect individuals who wear a mask to consider themselves less identifiable. Prior research suggests that perceived identifiability is positively related to prosocial behavior, and with two pre-registered field studies (total N = 5706) we provide a currently relevant and practical test of this relation. Our findings indicate that mask wearers and non-wearers display equivalent levels of helping behavior (Studies 1 and 2), although mask wearers have a lower level of perceived identifiability than those without a mask (Study 2). Overall, our findings suggest that claims that face masks are related to selfish behavior are not warranted, and that there is no practical link between perceived identifiability and prosocial behavior.
Revisiting Lebedev’s one-century old experiment
Authors: Cheng Shangcong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOne hundred years ago, world-famous scientist A. A. Lebedev performed a set of classical measurements on annealed optic crown glasses. He found that these glasses exhibited characteristic endothermic effects in a particular temperature range. To explain these phenomena, Lebedev proposed a hypothesis that the glasses contain tiny quartz crystals. This initial hypothesis was quickly disapproved, and the origin of the endothermic effect of glasses remains an unsolved puzzle. This work uses recently proposed nanoflake model of silica glass structure to explain the endothermic effect of various glasses. The new model differs from the popular continuous random network theory in that it emphasizes the medium-range ordering structure of glasses. According to the nanoflake based theory, the endothermic effect of glasses is caused by the transition from ordered one-dimensional structures into disordered structure in glasses. The new theory also predicts that the temperature range of the endothermic effect is dependent on both glass composition and cooling rates during glass formation.
Smoking remains associated with education after controlling for social background and genetic factors in a study of 18 twin cohorts
Authors: Silventoinen Karri , Piirtola Maarit , Jelenkovic Aline , Sund Reijo , Tarnoki Adam D. , Tarnoki David L. , Medda Emanuela , Nisticò Lorenza , Toccaceli Virgilia , Honda Chika , Inui Fujio , Tomizawa Rie , Watanabe Mikio , Sakai Norio , Gatz Margaret , Butler David A. , Lee Jooyeon , Lee Soo Ji , Sung Joohon , Franz Carol E. , Kremen William S. , Lyons Michael J. , Derom Catherine A. , Vlietinck Robert F. , Loos Ruth J. F. , Tynelius Per , Rasmussen Finn , Martin Nicholas G. , Medland Sarah E. , Montgomery Grant W. , Brandt Ingunn , Nilsen Thomas S. , Harris Jennifer R. , Tyler Jessica , Hopper John L. , Magnusson Patrik K. E. , Pedersen Nancy L. , Dahl Aslan Anna K. , Ordoñana Juan R. , Sánchez-Romera Juan F. , Colodro-Conde Lucia , Rebato Esther , Zhang Dongfeng , Pang Zengchang , Tan Qihua , Silberg Judy L. , Maes Hermine H. , Boomsma Dorret I. , Sørensen Thorkild I. A. , Korhonen Tellervo , Kaprio Jaakko 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe tested the causality between education and smoking using the natural experiment of discordant twin pairs allowing to optimally control for background genetic and childhood social factors. Data from 18 cohorts including 10,527 monozygotic (MZ) and same-sex dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs discordant for education and smoking were analyzed by linear fixed effects regression models. Within twin pairs, education levels were lower among the currently smoking than among the never smoking co-twins and this education difference was larger within DZ than MZ pairs. Similarly, education levels were higher among former smoking than among currently smoking co-twins, and this difference was larger within DZ pairs. Our results support the hypothesis of a causal effect of education on both current smoking status and smoking cessation. However, the even greater intra-pair differences within DZ pairs, who share only 50% of their segregating genes, provide evidence that shared genetic factors also contribute to these associations.
Cushion: A proactive resource provisioning method to mitigate SLO violations for containerized microservices
Authors: Zhou Dacheng , Chen Hongchang , Shang Ke , Cheng Guozhen , Zhang Jianpeng , Hu Hongchao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDeploying microservices in container‐based cloud environments increases the agility of resource scaling. However, the delay in autoscaling for microservices caused by container cold start results in response time service‐level objectives (SLO) violations under burst workloads. This paper proposes Cushion, a proactive resource provisioning method for containerized microservices to mitigate SLO violations caused by burst workloads, which promptly schedules workloads to reserved container instances when workloads suddenly increase and meanwhile steadily scales the container instances according to the SLOs of the microservices. Cushion was evaluated through prototype‐based experiments in a containerized testbed using a benchmark microservice and four web workload traces by comparing it against existing methods. The experimental results show 9.12x times lower SLO violations, 23.75% higher throughput with 24.35% more CPU usage, and 4.85% more memory usage compared to the baseline methods.
Reduced‐dimension MVDR beamformer based on sub‐array optimization
Authors: Liu Tuanning , Liu Wenqiang , Zhou Yuanping , Fan Kesong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA reduced‐dimension minimum variance distortionless response based on sub‐array optimization beamformer (SAMVDR) is proposed for large array systems or some hardware performance constrained scenarios. The SAMVDR allows to weigh between convergence rate and computational complexity by selecting the sizes of the sub‐arrays. It is worth noting that, employing a sub‐array strategy, the SAMVDR allows for computing the matrix inversion with flexibly choosing the size of the matrix. When the size of each sub‐array is 1, namely single weight optimization MVDR (SWMVDR), the SAMVDR avoids matrix inversion. So the SWMVDR is easiest to implement in system than other sizes of sub‐arrays in the SAMVDR. It is found that the SAMVDR has manageable computational complexity and fast convergence rate, which is verified by theoretical analysis and simulation results. Importantly, the output performance of the SAMVDR is very close to auxiliary vector (AV) scheme, and the SWMVDR has lower computational cost than the AV. In addition, the SAMVDR can be applied to parallel systems with higher tracking speed.
Leaf gas exchange and water relations of the woody desiccation-tolerant Paraboea rufescens during dehydration and rehydration
Authors: Fu Pei-Li , Zhang Ya , Zhang Yong-Jiang , Finnegan Patrick M , Yang Shi-Jian , Fan Ze-Xin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Desiccation-tolerant (DT) plants can withstand dehydration to less than 0.1 g H2O g−1 dry weight. The mechanism for whole-plant recovery from severe dehydration is still not clear, especially for woody DT plants. In the present study, we evaluated the desiccation tolerance and mechanism of recovery for a potentially new woody resurrection plant Paraboea rufescens (Gesneriaceae). We monitored the leaf water status, leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and root pressure of potted P. rufescens during dehydration and rehydration, and we investigated the water content and chlorophyll fluorescence of P. rufescens leaves in the field during the dry season. After re-watering from a severely dehydrated state, leaf maximum quantum yield of photosystem II of P. rufescens quickly recovered to well-watered levels. Leaf water status and leaf hydraulic conductance quickly recovered to well-watered levels after re-watering, while leaf gas exchange traits also trended to recovery, but at a slower rate. The maximum root pressure in rehydrated P. rufescens was more than twice in well-watered plants. Our study identified P. rufescens as a new DT woody plant. The whole-plant recovery of P. rufescens from extreme dehydration is potentially associated with an increase of root pressure after rehydration. These findings provide insights into the mechanisms of recovery of DT plants from dehydration.
Transection of Pitanguy’s Midline Ligament to Avoid Supratip Depression in Closed-Approach, Low-Septal-Resection Dorsal Preservation Rhinoplasty
Authors: Erdal Ayhan Işık , Genç İbrahim Giray 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Supratip depression is a common complication after preservation rhinoplasty.

Objectives
This aim of this paper was to present a simple surgical maneuver to prevent supratip depression.

Methods
Thirty-six patients who underwent closed-approach, low-septal-resection dorsal preservation rhinoplasty between January and June 2021 were included in this retrospective study. Depending on the operation performed on Pitanguy’s midline ligament, the patients were divided into 2 groups as follows: (1) a group in which Pitanguy’s midline ligament was transected (transection group); and (2) a group in which Pitanguy’s midline ligament was preserved (preservation group). Standardized postoperative 6-month lateral-view photographs were scanned for the presence of supratip depression or pollybeak deformity. The Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation (ROE) scale was applied at 6 months.

Results
Supratip depression was observed in 4 patients in the preservation group (n = 16), but was not observed in any of the patients in the transection group (n = 20; P &lt; 0.05). There was no pollybeak deformity in either group. With respect to the Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation scores and number of satisfied patients, no statistically significant difference was found between the transection and preservation groups (P &gt; 0.05).

Conclusions
Transecting Pitanguy’s midline ligament reduces the likelihood of supratip depression and does not affect the likelihood of pollybeak deformity in closed-approach, low-septal-resection dorsal preservation rhinoplasty.

Level of Evidence: 4