bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variability of key-performance-indicators in commercial gilthead seabream hatcheries
Authors: Kourkouta Chara , Tsipourlianos Andreas , Power Deborah M. , Moutou Katerina A. , Koumoundouros George 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSkeletal abnormalities are one of the most important key-performance-indicators (KPIs) in finfish hatcheries. Coping with the problem of skeletal abnormalities relies on the understanding of the link between the variability in the rearing conditions, and the variability in abnormalities incidence. Here, 74 seabream larval populations, from four commercial hatcheries, were examined for the presence of abnormalities and monitored with respect to the applied conditions. The inward folding of gill-cover and pugheadedness were the most frequent abnormalities present, with a mean (± SD) frequency of 11.3 ± 17.9 and 6.0 ± 7.2%, respectively. Other abnormalities were observed at very low mean rates (≤ 1%). A new abnormality type, ray-resorption syndrome, was also found. The recorded rate of normally inflated swimbladder was 92.3 ± 7.4% and mean survival rate was 25.9 ± 21.0%. Classification tree analysis indicated six rearing variables as potentially important predictors for pugheadedness, six variables for caudal-fin abnormalities and 10 variables for survival rate. Complementary genetic analysis, revealed differentiating genetic diversity and significant genetic distances among participating hatcheries, suggestive of the role of company-specific management of genetic resources in KPIs’ variability. The results are discussed with respect to their potential use in the control of skeletal abnormalities by commercial hatcheries, as well as for benchmarking among different hatcheries.
Chromosome-scale genome assembly provides insights into the molecular mechanisms of tissue development of Populus wilsonii
Authors: Li Chaofeng , Xing Haitao , Li Can , Ren Yun , Li Honglei , Wan Xue-Qin , Lian Chunlan , Mi Jia-Xuan , Zhang Shengkui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPopulus wilsoniiis an important species of sectionLeucoides, and the natural populations mainly grow in southwest China. In this study, a single genotype of wildP. wilsoniiwas sequenced and assembled at genome size of 477.35 Mb in 19 chromosomes with contig N50 of 16.3 Mb. A total of 38,054 genes were annotated, and 49.95% of the genome was annotated as repetitive elements. Phylogenetic analysis identified that the divergence betweenP. wilsoniiand the ancestor ofP. deltoidesandP. trichocarpawas 12 (3–23) Mya. 4DTv and Ks distributions supported the occurrence of the salicoid WGD event (~65 Mya). The highly conserved collinearity supports the close evolutionary relationship among these species. Some key enzyme-encoding gene families related to the biosynthesis of lignin and flavonoids were expanded and highly expressed in the stems or leaves, which probably resist the damage of the natural environment. In addition, some key gene families related to cellulose biosynthesis were highly expressed in stems, accounting for the high cellulose content ofP. wilsoniivariety. Our findings provided deep insights into the genetic evolution ofP. wilsoniiand will contribute to further biological research and breeding as well as for other poplars inSalicaceae.
Liquid-solid contact electrification when water droplets hit living plant leaves
Authors: Armiento Serena , Filippeschi Carlo , Meder Fabian , Mazzolai Barbara 
Published: October 2022

AbstractContact electrification has gained interest as a mechanism for generating charges on surfaces. It has also been shown that plant leaves generate electrification by both solid-solid and liquid-solid contact. However, it is unclear how water droplets hitting a leaf causes charging and which structural features affect this phenomenon. Here, we show how the in-situ surface structures of leaves, droplet composition, and prior ionization of the droplet influence living plant liquid-solid contact electrification on several superhydrophobic and hydrophilic living plant species. We find that the hierarchical structures responsible for self-cleaning and wetting, known as the Lotus effect, also create a specific electrification pattern. Each water droplet causes a characteristic signal in the plant tissue depending on the structure and composition of the epicuticular wax layer as well as the droplet composition. These findings give insight on how contact electrification occurs in nature, suggesting the potential for deriving new bio-based materials for sensing and energy harvesting in artificial and plant-hybrid devices.
Transient evolution of the relative size distribution of earthquakes as a risk indicator for induced seismicity
Authors: Ritz Vanille A. , Rinaldi Antonio P. , Wiemer Stefan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInduced earthquakes pose a substantial challenge to many geo-energy applications, and in particular to Enhanced Geothermal Systems. We demonstrate that the key factor controlling the seismic hazard is the relative size distribution of earthquakes, the b-value, because it is closely coupled to the stress conditions in the underground. By comparing high resolution observations from an Enhanced Geothermal System project in Basel with a loosely coupled hydro-mechanical-stochastic model, we establish a highly systematic behaviour of the b-value and resulting hazard through the injection cycle. This time evolution is controlled not only by the specific site conditions and the proximity of nearby faults but also by the injection strategy followed. Our results open up new approaches to assess and mitigate seismic hazard and risk through careful site selection and adequate injection strategy, coupled to real-time monitoring and modelling during reservoir stimulation.
IGF2BP2 serves as a core m6A regulator in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Hu Yuan , Chen Jiexin , Liu Muyuan , Feng Qin , Peng Hanwei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Methylation of N6 adenosine (m6A) plays a crucial role in the development and progression of cancers. Its modification is regulated by three types of m6A-related regulators (methyltransferases (writers), demethylases (erasers), and RNA-binding proteins (readers)). Till now, the functions and roles of these regulators in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) remain largely unexplored. Therefore, we utilized the open HNSC dataset in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), four different cell lines, and our HNSC patient samples (n=40) to explore the clinical significance of 19 m6A regulators, and selected the most significant prognosis-related regulator. Authentic analyses based on online websites were also used in the study (Oncomine, UALCAN, Kaplan–Meier plotter, Human Protein Atlas (HPA), cBioPortal, LinkedOmics, String, etc.). From the results, general overexpression of m6A regulators was observed in pan-cancer, especially in HNSC. IGF2BP2 was recognized as the hub m6A regulator, which was an independent, unfavorable prognostic factor in HNSC. Its mRNA and protein expression in HNSC were significantly up-regulated. Gene mutation types of IGF2BP2 in HNSC (32%) were mainly mRNA High or Amplification, which represented the high expression of IGF2BP2. And these mutations were associated with a poor prognosis. In functional analysis, IGF2BP2 was negatively correlated to tumor immune infiltration in HNSC. Finally, HMGA2 might interact with the IGF2BP2 in HNSC. In conclusion, IGF2BP2 serves as a core m6A regulator among all regulators in HNSC, which has a high expression and predicts the poor prognosis of HNSC patients independently. IGF2BP2 might bring a new direction for HNSC treatment in the future.
Informational Masking and Listening Effort in Speech Recognition in Noise: The Role of Working Memory Capacity and Inhibitory Control in Older Adults With and Without Hearing Impairment
Authors: Stenbäck Victoria , Marsja Erik , Hällgren Mathias , Lyxell Björn , Larsby Birgitta 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:
The study aimed to assess the relationship between (a) speech recognition in noise, mask type, working memory capacity (WMC), and inhibitory control and (b) self-rated listening effort, speech material, and mask type, in older adults with and without hearing impairment. It was of special interest to assess the relationship between WMC, inhibitory control, and speech recognition in noise when informational maskers masked target speech.

Method:

A mixed design was used. A group (
N
= 24) of older (
M
age
= 69.7 years) individuals with hearing impairment and a group of age normal–hearing adults (
M
age
= 59.3 years,
SD
= 6.5) participated in the study. The participants were presented with auditory tests in a sound-attenuated room and with cognitive tests in a quiet office. The participants were asked to rate listening effort after being presented with energetic and informational background maskers in two different speech materials used in this study (i.e., Hearing In Noise Test and Hagerman test). Linear mixed-effects models were set up to assess the effect of the two different speech materials, energetic and informational maskers, hearing ability, WMC, inhibitory control, and self-rated listening effort.

Results:
Results showed that WMC and inhibitory control were of importance for speech recognition in noise, even when controlling for pure-tone average 4 hearing thresholds and age, when the maskers were informational. Concerning listening effort, on the other hand, the results suggest that hearing ability, but not cognitive abilities, is important for self-rated listening effort in speech recognition in noise.

Conclusions:
Speech-in-noise recognition is more dependent on WMC for older adults in informational maskers than in energetic maskers. Hearing ability is a stronger predictor than cognition for self-rated listening effort.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21357648
A 3D graph convolutional networks model for 2D skeleton‐based human action recognition
Authors: Weng Libo , Lou Weidong , Shen Xin , Gao Fei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWith the popularity of cameras, the application of action recognition is more and more extensive. After the emergence of RGB‐D cameras and human pose estimation algorithms, human actions can be represented by a sequence of skeleton joints. Therefore, skeleton‐based action recognition has been a research hotspot. In this paper, a novel 3D Graph Convolutional Network model (3D‐GCN) with space‐time attention mechanism for 2D skeleton data is proposed. Three‐dimensional graph convolution is employed to extract spatiotemporal features of skeleton descriptor that is composed of joint coordinates, frame differences and angles. Meanwhile, different joints and different frames are given different attention to achieve action classification. A zebra crossing pedestrian dataset named ZCP is also provided, which simulates possible pedestrian actions on the zebra crossing in real scenes. Experimental evaluation is carried out on ZCP dataset and NTU RGB+D dataset. Experimental results show that our method is better than current 2D‐based methods and is comparable with 3D methods.
Single source self‐balanced switched‐capacitor multilevel inverter with reduced number of semiconductors
Authors: Amani Mohammad , Azari Milad Niaz , Rezanejad Mohammad 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRecently, the demand for switched‐capacitor converters has increased due to the use of a low voltage input source. This article aims to improve some weak points of these inverters, such as the high number of elements by presenting a novel single‐source high step‐up multi‐level inverter topology. The proposed inverter consists of a switched‐capacitor cell with self‐balancing capability. The proposed converter uses a low voltage DC source to charge a series of capacitors stage by stage to increase the amplitude of the capacitors multiple times the input voltage. These capacitors which work as asymmetrical sources can generate a high‐amplitude AC output voltage level and hence reduce the number of DC sources and semiconductors which leads to the simplicity of structure. Since the proposed converter is using low voltage single DC source it can be used in a renewable energy application. Another aspect of this converter is producing negative levels in the output voltage without using a high‐voltage full‐bridge inverter and reducing the number of components. To verify the proposed multi‐level inverter operation, a 9‐level prototype is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and implemented in the laboratory. The simulation and test result of the inverter confirm the validity of the proposed scheme.
The influence of flux rope heating models on solar prominence formation
Authors: Brughmans N. , Jenkins J. M. , Keppens R. 
Published: October 2022

Context. Prominences are cool, dense clouds suspended within the solar corona. Their in situ formation through the levitation-condensation mechanism is a textbook example of the thermal instability, where a slight energy imbalance leads to a runaway process resulting in condensed filamentary structures embedded within the concave-up portions of a flux rope. The detailed interplay between local radiative losses and the global heating of the solar corona is investigated here for prominence-forming flux rope structures.
Aims. We begin by exploring the influence of two classes of commonly adopted heating models on the formation behaviour of solar prominences. These models consider either an exponential variation dependent on height alone, or local density and magnetic field conditions. We highlight and address some of the limitations inherent to these early approximations by proposing a new, dynamic 2D flux rope heating model that qualitatively accounts for the 3D topology of the twisted flux rope field.
Methods. We performed 2.5D grid-adaptive numerical simulations of prominence formation via the levitation-condensation mechanism. A linear force-free arcade is subjected to shearing and converging motions, leading to the formation of a flux rope containing material that may succumb to thermal instability. The eventual formation and subsequent evolution of prominence condensations was then quantified as a function of the specific background heating prescription adopted. For the simulations that consider the topology of the flux rope, reduced heating was considered within a dynamically evolving ellipse that traces the flux rope cross-section. This ellipse is centred on the flux rope axis and tracked during runtime using an approach based on the instantaneous magnetic field curvature.
Results. We find that the nature of the heating model is clearly imprinted on the evolution and morphology of any resulting prominences: one large, low-altitude condensation is obtained for the heating model based on local parameters, while the exponential model leads to the additional formation of smaller blobs throughout the flux rope which then relocate as they tend towards achieving hydrostatic equilibrium. Finally, a study of the condensation process in phase space reveals a non-isobaric evolution with an eventual recovery of uniform pressure balance along flux surfaces.
Ca triplet metallicities and velocities for 12 globular clusters toward the galactic bulge
Authors: Geisler D. , Parisi M. C. , Dias B. , Villanova S. , Mauro F. , Saviane I. , Cohen R. E. , Moni Bidin C. , Minniti D. 
Published: October 2022

Context. Globular clusters (GCs) are excellent tracers of the formation and early evolution of the Milky Way. The bulge GCs (BGCs) are particularly important because they can reveal vital information about the oldest in situ component of the Milky Way.
Aims. Our aim is to derive the mean metallicities and radial velocities for 13 GCs that lie toward the bulge and are generally associated with this component. This region is observationally challenging because of high extinction and stellar density, which hampers optical studies of these and similar BGCs, making most previous determinations of these parameters quite uncertain.
Methods. We used near-infrared low-resolution spectroscopy with the FORS2 instrument on the VLT to measure the wavelengths and equivalent widths of the CaII triplet (CaT) lines for a number of stars per cluster. We derived radial velocities, ascertained membership, and applied known calibrations to determine metallicities for cluster members, for a mean of 11 members per cluster. Unfortunately, one of our targets, VVV-GC002, which is the closest GC to the Galactic center, turned out not to have any members in our sample.
Results. We derive mean cluster RV values to 3 km s−1, and mean metallicities to 0.05 dex. We find general good agreement with previous determinations for both metallicity and velocity. On average, our metallicities are 0.07 dex more metal-rich than those of Harris (2010, arXiv:1012.3224), with a standard deviation of the difference of 0.25 dex. Our sample has metallicities between −0.21 and −1.64, and the values are distributed between the traditional metal-rich BGC peak near [Fe/H] −0.5 and a more metal-poor peak around [Fe/H] −1.1, which has recently been identified. These latter are candidates for the oldest GCs in the Galaxy, if blue horizontal branches are present, and include BH 261, NGC 6401, NGC 6540, NGC 6642, and Terzan 9. Finally, Terzan 10 is even more metal-poor. However, dynamically, Terzan 10 is likely an intruder from the halo, possibly associated with the Gaia-Enceladus or Kraken accretion events. Terzan 10 is also confirmed as an Oosterhoff type II GC based on our results.
Conclusions. The CaT technique is an excellent method for deriving mean metallicities and velocities for heavily obscured GCs. Our sample provides reliable mean values for these two key properties via spectroscopy of a significant number of members per cluster for this important yet previously poorly studied sample of BGCs. We emphasize that the more metal-poor GCs are excellent candidates for being ancient relics of bulge formation. The lone halo intruder in our sample, Terzan 10, is conspicuous for also having by far the lowest metallicity, and casts doubt on the possibility of any bona fide BGCs at metallicities below about −1.5.
À propos du colloque « Pour une recherche et une innovation responsables » : une analyse aux niveaux macro, micro et méso
Authors: Louafi Sélim 
Published: October 2022

Un colloque intitulé « Pour une recherche et une innovation responsables » s’est tenu le 15 janvier 2021. Organisé par un groupe de travail interinstitutionnel (universités, instituts de recherche, grandes écoles), il visait à réinterroger le rôle et les pratiques de la recherche. Les tables rondes couvraient des thèmes liés à la fois aux finalités sociétales de la recherche pour un meilleur alignement avec les défis du développement durable, aux défis concrets de la gestion de sites et des comportements individuels et collectifs pour diminuer le coût environnemental et sociétal de la conduite des travaux de recherche et enfin aux défis d’apprentissage et de gouvernance de la recherche et de l’innovation pour que les savoirs viennent accompagner des changements de pratiques à l’échelle de l’ensemble des acteurs concernés. Ce texte propose de relire cette conférence à la lumière d’une grille d’analyse macro/micro/méso qui offre un moyen d’appréhender les différents niveaux d’action qui ont été évoqués pendant cette conférence, parfois au sein d’une même table ronde. Le niveau macro a surtout été couvert dans les deux premières tables rondes qui ont fait émerger le constat que les normes globales qui désormais guident la recherche ont fortement évolué. Il a souvent été fait référence au niveau micro pour parler de la multiplication d’initiatives prises par les chercheurs, individuellement ou collectivement, pour diminuer l’impact de leurs recherches sur l’environnement. Le niveau méso est finalement celui qui a le plus occupé les débats avec une série d’instruments, d’outils et d’initiatives pris par différentes organisations pour essayer à l’échelle de collectifs plus larges, de prendre en charge certains défis, gérer d’éventuelles tensions entre injonctions contradictoires venant du niveau macro et ainsi aider à faire bouger les lignes et à engager davantage la recherche vers des pratiques responsables.
Minimally invasive sacroiliac fusion, a case series, and a literature review
Authors: Amer Mohammad H. , Elnahal Walid A. , Khaled Sherif A. , Abdel-Kader Khaled F.M. , Cass Michael A. , Gibbs James , Stott Philip M. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Non-autoimmune sacroiliac joint pain contributes to nearly a quarter of low back pain patients. Non-surgical management fails to satisfy patients. A new minimally invasive technique for sacroiliac stabilization has been introduced, defying the traditional rules of fusion. The results outside explanatory trials and in day-to-day practice have not been reported. Materials and methods: This case series includes 20 patients diagnosed with chronic sacroiliac pain resistant to conservative management for at least 6 months. The diagnosis was confirmed with a positive sacroiliac injection. Patients underwent stabilization using the iFuse® implant. Patients were followed up for a minimum of one year. The primary outcome was the functional outcomes, assessed using VAS, ODI, and SF36. Secondary procedure rates, complication rates, and radiological assessments of fusion were collected as secondary outcomes. Results: At one year, the mean VAS score improved from 81.25 ± 10.7 SD preoperatively to 52.5 ± 26.8, p-value 0.0013. The mean ODI improved from 54.8 ± 11.21 SD preoperatively to 41.315 ± 15.34, P value = 0.0079. The mean PCS and MCS of SF36 improved by 17 and 20 points, respectively. Only 55% of patients achieved the MCID for the VAS score. 35% of the cohort had secondary procedures. Discussion: Minimally invasive sacroiliac fusion resulted in an improvement in mean functional scores with a wide dispersion. Patients not achieving MCID are patients with either a malpositioned implant, an associated lumbar pathology, or an inaccurate diagnosis. Our results are underwhelming compared to similar work but are still better than conservative cohorts in comparative studies. Conclusion: Minimally invasive sacroiliac fusion can be used successfully in select patients. Attention to diagnosis and surgical technique can improve the reproducibility of results.
Clinical Benefits of the Utrecht Questionnaire for Aesthetic Outcome Assessment in Rhinoplasty: An Update
Authors: Maldonado-Chapa Felix , Datema Frank R. , van Zijl Floris V.W.J. , Bran Gregor , Flores-Torres Oscar A. , Stapleton-Garcia Pedro , Filipović Boris , Lohuis Peter J.F.M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPresently, there is no consensus on which patient-reported outcome measurement (PROM) instrument is best suited to assess the aesthetic outcomes of rhinoplasty. In this regard, at least seven different validated PROMs are available from the literature, each one with advantages and disadvantages.In this article, we review the development, validation, international translation, and clinical application of the Utrecht Questionnaire (UQ). The UQ was developed in 2009 with the idea to be a short and practical tool for the rhinoplasty surgeon to assess the aesthetic outcomes of rhinoplasty. The questionnaire was then validated in 2013. Body image in relation to nasal appearance is quantified with five simple questions on a 5-point Likert scale and a Visual Analogue Scale score. We discuss how the UQ can easily be incorporated and become an important asset in a rhinoplasty practice. Practical benefits, such as its role in the shared decision-making process, patient expectations management, identification of unsuitable patients, avoiding revision surgery, and the evaluation of the surgeon's personal performance curve, are exemplified. Currently, the UQ has been translated and validated in four languages, providing scientific opportunities to generate and compare international data for advances in rhinoplasty. We describe some of the significant scientific contributions of leaders in the field of rhinoplasty that used the UQ.