bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of Free Fatty Acid in Frying Oils of Various Foodstuffs
Authors: Febrianto F. , Setianingsih A. , Riyani A. 
Published: March 2022

Cooking oil is one of the basic human needs as food processing media. Repeated use of cooking oil by heating at high temperature will produce free fatty acid levels. This study aim to determine the levels of free fatty acids in frying oils of various foodstuffs which were chicken, catfish, and flour with acid base titration method. The study population was frying oils of various foodstuffs of 0 up to 5th. The results of fatty acid levels in the repeated use of chiken (sample A), catfish (sample B) and flour foodstuffs shows the fatty acid levels exceed safe limits set by SNI 7709:2012. The fatty acid levels of the oil before it used was 0.24%. The increase of free fatty acid was influeced by how many the coocing oil used to frying. The highest level of fatty acid in coocing oil was reached after the fifth of friying. It happened because the level water in foodstuffs increase due to the used of coocing oil
Adsorption of Cu(II) and Zn(II) on Liquid Waste of Electroplating Home Industry using Silica based Adsorbent Prepared from Glass Waste
Authors: Saputri Y. P. , Priyambodo E. 
Published: March 2022

This study aims to (1) knowing the optimum pH and adsorption contact time of Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions in liquid waste of electroplating by silica gel prepared from glass waste, and (2) knowing the adsorption of Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions in liquid waste of electroplating by silica from glass waste. Synthesis of silica gel using sol gel method. In this method, a powder of glass waste is reacted with sodium hydroxide solution to form sodium silicate. Hydrochloric acid solution was added into the sodiumsilicate to form silica gel. Adsorption of Cu(II) and Zn(II) metal ions was done by batch method at various pH and contact time. The experiments shows that (1) the optimum pH and the optimum contact time for Cu(II) adsorption was 7 and 3 hours, therefore the optimum pH and the optimum contact time for Zn(II) was 8 and 3 hours, (2) the adsorption effectiveness of Cu(II) and Zn(II) in liquid waste of electroplating by silica from glass waste occurred in pH 7 for 3 hours were 99.9300% and 95.4200%.
Synthesis of Chitosan Sulfate From Crab (Scylla serrata) and its application as adsorbent
Authors: Salmahaminati Salmahaminati 
Published: March 2022

Synthesis of chitosan sulfate from crab (Scylla Serrata) shell and its application as Remazol Yellow FG dye adsorbent has been studied. This experiment was conducted to study the effectiveness of chitin from crab shell to be converted into chitosan sulfate and to study the adsorption of chitosan sulfate by Remazol Yellow FG dye. Isolation of chitin from crab shell was done by deproteination and demineralization process. Chitin had been converted into chitosan using demineralization process. Chitosan sulfate was made by reacting chitosan with 1 M ammonium sulfate solution. Characterizations of the chitosan are involving determination of degree of deacetylation. Functional group of chitin, chitosan and chitosan sulfate were determined by FTIR spectroscopy. The dye adsorption of chitosan sulfate was analyzed with UV-Vis spectroscopy. The result showed that rendement of chitin, chitosan and chitosan sulphate were 28.57%, 52.5% and 92%. The degree of deacetilation of chitin and chitosan were 80 – 90% and 70 – 80%. Remazol Yellow FG was adsopr 76.5%.
Sol-Gel Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon doped TiO2 based on Solanum Tuberosum Starch
Authors: Ichsani Diandari Siti Nur , Kusumawardani Cahyorini 
Published: March 2022

The carbon-doped TiO2 have been synthesized through sol-gel method using Solanum tuberosum starch as carbon source. The carbon precursor composition and reaction time were varied to study its influence to the crystal structure and electronic structure of resulted material. The C- TiO2 product was characterized by XRD, UV-Vis DRS, FTIR, and photocatalytic activity examine by methylene blue degradation. The results showed that variations in the composition of the carbon precursor and reaction time affected the characteristics of the crystal structure and photocatalyst activity of C- TiO2. The optimum variation was found in the variation of 1.5 gram carbon composition and 24 hours hydrolysis time which had the smallest particle size and lowest bandgap energy. The highest photocatalyst activity was obtained at a 24-hour reaction time variation with 59.375% percent of methylene blue degraded in the second-order reaction with a k value of 2.1351.
Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Nanopartikel Magnetit (Fe3O4) Berbasis Pasir Besi Pantai Glagah Kulon Progo dengan Metode Kopresipitasi pada Berbagai Variasi Konsentrasi NH4OH
Authors: Prasetyowati Rita , Widiawati Dede , Swastika Pinaka Elda , Ariswan Ariswan , Warsono Warsono 
Published: March 2022

Sintesis dan karakterisasi nanopartikel magnetit (Fe3O4) yang berbasis pasir besi Pantai Glagah, Kulon Progo telah berhasil dilakukan. Sintesis magnetit (Fe3O4) dilakukan dengan metode kopresipitasi pada berbagai variasi konsentrasi larutan pengendap NH4OH (10%, 15%, 20%, dan 25%). Karakterisasi XRD, SEM EDS, dan VSM dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi larutan pengendap NH4OH terhadap struktur mikro dan sifat kemagnetan bahan magnetit (Fe3O4). Berdasarkan hasil XRD, variasi konsentrasi larutan pengendap NH4OH tidak mempengaruhi nilai parameter kisi dan struktur kristal sampel Fe3O4 yang terbentuk, tetapi mempengaruhi ukuran kristal yang terbentuk. Hasil SEM EDS menunjukkan bahwa struktur morfologi permukaan sampel 2 (Fe3O4 dengan konsentrasi larutan pengendap NH4OH 15%) cukup homogen serta memiliki komposisi kimia bahan yang terdiri dari Fe sebanyak 49,33%, O sebanyak 27,90% dan sisanya merupakan unsur pengotor. Hasil VSM menunjukkan bahwa sampel 2 (NH4OH 15%) memiliki magnetisasi saturasi (Ms) = 25,7 emu/g, magnetisasi remanen (Mr) = 0,06 emu/g, dan medan koersivitas (Hc) = 0,023 T. Sedangkan sampel 4 (NH4OH 25%) memiliki nilai magnetisasi saturasi (Ms) = 23,6 emu/g, magnetisasi remanen (Mr) = 2,02 emu/g, dan medan koersivitas (Hc) = 0,019 T. Kedua sampel tersebut tergolong soft magnetic material.
Sistem Kriptografi Stream Cipher Berbasis Fungsi Chaos untuk Keamanan Informasi
Authors: Sahid Sahid , Dhoruri Atmini , Lestari Dwi , Ratna Sari Eminugroho , Fauzan Muhammad 
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menerapkan Fungsi chaos Logistic Map dalam meningkatkan keamanan pengiriman informasi. Fungsi chaos memiliki tingkah laku yang sangat kompleks, irregular dan random di dalam sebuah sistem yang deterministik. Chaos mempunyai sifat yang kacau atau acak, perubahan sedikit saja akan membangkitkan bilangan yang berbeda, hal ini berguna dalam membangkitkan kunci. Fungsi chaos Logistic Map akan digunakan untuk membangkitkan kunci. Selanjutnya, digunakan fungsi sinus berosilasi tinggi untuk meningkatkan keacakan bilangan. Dalam menentukan pembangkit kunci akan digunakan protokol perjanjian kunci stickel. Selanjutnya pembangkit kunci akan di proses menggunakan fungsi chaos Logistic Map dikombinasikan dengan fungsi sinus berosilasi tinggi dan akan diperoleh kunci yang akan digunakan untuk enkripsi serta dekripsi. Pada proses enkripsi dilakukan perhitungan dengan rumus 15Ci=Ki+Pi" mod 256, sedangkan proses dekripsi dilakukan perhitungan dengan rumus 15Ci=Ki-Pi" mod 256, dengan 15Ci" adalah Ciphertext, 15 Pi" adalah Plaintext, serta 15Ki " adalah Kunci. Dengan menggunakan Logistic Map dan fungsi sinus pada pembangkit kunci diperoleh sifat chaos yang tinggi untuk nilai parameter tertentu, bersifat chaos hanya pada beberapa iterasi awal, selanjutnya error berkaitan dengan nilai 15xi=0" . Untuk nilai-nilai parameter yang lain diperoleh barisan kunci yang konvergen setelah beberapa iterasi.
STUDI KUALITATIF DAMPAK AKTIVITAS HARIAN TERHADAP PERFORMA FISIK ATLET FUTSAL PADA INDIVIDU SUKU TULEHU
Authors: Juniarsyah Agung Dwi , Anugrah Sendy Mohamad , Mulyawan Rizki , Ihsani Sri Indah , Winata Bagus 
Published: March 2022

AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan mengukur karakteristik aktivitas yang dilakukan oleh suku Tulehu dalam aktivitas kesehariannya di saat usia mereka 15-20 tahun, yang dikaitkan dengan performa fisik mereka. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Terdapat 7 subjek dari total populasi yang tergabung dalam futsal Maluku Depok Club, yang berusia 20-23 tahun. Memiliki kriteria inklusi dimana setiap individu merupakan asli suku Tulehu Maluku, terdaftar sebagai anggota futsal Maluku Depok club dan berlatih selama 6 bulan, tumbuh dan berkembang di Maluku pada rentang usia 15 – 20 tahun dan bersedia mengikuti wawancara pada penelitian. Sedangkan kriteria eksklusi dalam penelitian ini adalah: Individu bukan asli suku Tulehu Maluku dan tidak pernah tinggal (tumbuh dan berkembang) di Maluku. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah Suku Tulehu dapat lebih mendominasi performa dikarenakan aktivitas fisik yang dilakukan oleh pemuda Tulehu sehari-hari ketika mereka tumbuh dan berkembang (di rentang usia 15-20 tahun). QUALITATIVE STUDY OF EFFECTS OF DAILY ACTIVITIES TOWARD PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE IN FUTSAL FROM TULEHU ETHNIC PLAYERS AbstractThis study measures the characteristics of activities carried out by the Tulehu tribe in their daily activities at the age of 15-20 years, thus affecting their physical performance. The research method using descriptive qualitative. There are 7 subjects from a total population are members of the Maluku Depok Club futsal, aged 20-23 years. Inclusion criteria was individual is a native of Tulehu Maluku, registered as a member of the Maluku Depok futsal club and practiced for 6 months, growing and developing in Maluku at the age range of 15-20 years and willing to take interviews in research. While the exclusion criteria in this study are individuals are not native to the Tulehu ethnic group of Maluku and have never lived (grown and developed) in Maluku. The conclusion is Tulehu tribe dominate more than others because of physical activities did by youth Tulehu when they grow and develop (at vulnerable ages 15-20 years).
Pengembangan model outdoor games activities pada pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani olahraga dan kesehatan Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Setyawan Hendra 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan outdoor games activities pada pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani olahraga dan kesehatan yang layak digunakan sebagai materi pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani olahraga dan kesehatan Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan langkah-langkah sebagai berikut: (1) pengumpulan informasi di lapangan, (2) menganalisis informasi yang telah dikumpulkan, (3) mengembangkan produk awal, (4) validasi ahli dan revisi, (5) uji coba skala kecil dan revisi, (6) uji coba skala besar dan revisi, dan (7) pembuatan produk final. Uji coba skala kecil dilakukan terhadap 66 orang siswa. Uji coba skala besar dilakukan terhadap 132 orang siswa. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu; (1) pedoman wawancara, (2) skala nilai, (3) pedoman observasi permainan, (4) pedoman observasi keefektifan permainan, (5) pedoman observasi terhadap guru pelaku uji coba, dan (6) rubrik penilaian siswa. Teknik analisis data dengan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian berupa tiga model permainan yang layak dan efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani olahraga dan kesehatan pada Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA), hal ini dibuktikan dengan perolehan persentase sebesar 100% dari data hasil kuesioner skala nilai, observasi model permainan, observasi keefektifan permainan, dan observasi guru pelaku uji coba. The development of outdoor games activities model in the learning of sport and health physical education AbstractsThis study aims at producing outdoor activity game models for physical education, sport and health which are proper to be used for physical education, sport and health learning at Senior High School. This educational research and development was carried out following the steps of developing research, consisting of: (1) collecting information, (2) information analysis, (3) developing initial product, (4) expert validation and revision, (5) preliminary field test and revision, (6) main field test and revision, and (7) making the final product. The small field try out is done for the students with the total number of students 66. The big field try out is done for the students with the total number students 132. The data instruments collecting which were used were: (1) interview guide, (2) rating scale, (3) observation guide for games observation, (4) observation guide for games effectiveness, and (5) observation guide for perpetrator teachers, (6) scoring rubric for measuring student’s work. The data were analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis and qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of the study in the form of three models of the game are proper and effective to be used in physical education, sport and health at Senior High School, this is proved by percentage result about 100% from score scale questioner data, game model observation, and observation for the offender trial teacher.
Persepsi siswa terhadap pembelajaran daring mata pelajaran pendidikan jasmani olahraga dan kesehatan pada masa pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Komarudin Komarudin , Prabowo Mardianto 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa positif Persepsi Siswa terhadap Pembelajaran Daring dalam Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga dan Kesehatan di SMA N 1 Bintan Timur pada Pandemi Covid-19 Tahun 2020. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen angket dan teknik analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif dengan rumus persentase. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 308 dengan menggunakan teknik Proporsional Random Sampling sehingga penentuan jumlah sampel 15% ini berjumlah 47 siswa. Validitas sebesar 0,585 dan reliabilitas sebesar 0,816 maka instrumen dalam penelitian ini dinyatakan reliabel. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian secara keseluruhan disimpulkan bahwa Persepsi Siswa terhadap Pembelajaran Daring dalam Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga dan Kesehatan di SMA N 1 Bintan Timur pada Pandemi covid-19 Tahun 2020 masuk dalam kategori sangat positif persentase 6,38%, kategori positif persentase 21,27%, kategori sedang persentase 42,56%, kategori negatif persentase 23,40%, dan kategori sangat negatif persentase 6,38%. Sehingga dapat dikatakan persepsi siswa SMA N 1 BINTAN Timur kategori sedang. Student's perception of online learning in sports and health education study in the Covid-19 pandemic AbstractsThe research aims to find out how positive it is The Perception of Students on Online Learning in The Subject of Sports and Health Education at SMA N 1 Bintan Timur on Covid-19 Pandemic 2020. The type of research is a quantitative descriptive study with a survey method. A questionnaire instrument is used as a data collection technique and descriptive statistic with a percentage formula is used as a data analysis technique in this study. The number of population in this study is 308 using Proportional Random Sampling technique so that the determination of the number of 15% sample is 47 students. The instrument in this research considered as reliable one since the validity is 0.585 and the reliability is 0.816. According to the result of the whole research, we can conclude that The Perception of Students on Online Learning in the Subject of Sports and Health Education at SMA N 1 Bintan Timur on Covid-19 Pandemic 2020 have few categories which vary from the very positive category with 6.38%, the positive category with 21.27%, the average category 42.56%, the negative category 23.40%, and the very negative category 6.38%. Hence, the conclusion of the perception of at SMA N 1 Bintan Timur is in the average category.
CANGGU: PELABUHAN SUNGAI MASA MAJAPAHIT ABAD XIV – XVI
Authors: Sanjoyo Mawardi Purbo 
Published: March 2022

Keberhasilan Majapahit menjadi kerajaan besar tidak lepas dari proses pemanfaatan kondisi alam. Secara geografis, Majapahit yang terletak di pedalaman memungkinkannya menjadi kerajaan agraris dengan limpahan hasil alam sebagai komoditi utamanya. Disamping itu, lambat laun Majapahit juga mampu menjadi kerajaan maritim yang kuat dengan mengoptimalkan fungsi sungai sebagai jalur perdagangan dari pedalaman menuju hilir (pesisir). Majapahit membuat pelabuhan-pelabuhan dagang di sepanjang aliran sungai untuk memaksimalkan kegiatan dagang. Salah satu pelabuhan sungai yang penting pada masa Majapahit adalah Pelabuhan Canggu. Letak pelabuhan Canggu di masa Majapahit, pada masa kini dapat diidentikkan dengan Desa Canggu di Kecamatan Jetis Mojokerto. Pelabuhan ini tidak berdiri sendiri, ada beberapa pelabuhan penopang lain, di antaranya Pelabuhan Bubat yang sekarang dapat diidentikkan dengan Desa Tempuran, Kecamatan Sooko Mojokerto, dan Pelabuhan Terung yang terletak di Dusun Terung Kecamatan Krian, Sidoarjo. Sementara itu, Pelabuhan Canggu mempunyai fungsi yang beragam diantaranya sebagai pangkalan militer, pelabuhan dagang, bahkan pelabuhan bea cukai. Berdasarkan fungsinya sebagai pelabuhan sungai, Canggu mampu menjadi salah satu penopang kemakmuran Majapahit. Kata Kunci: Pelabuhan, Sungai, Majapahit
CoGNIT Automated Tablet Computer Cognitive Testing in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment: Feasibility Study
Authors: Behrens Anders , Berglund Johan Sanmartin , Anderberg Peter 
Published: March 2022

Background
Early diagnosis of cognitive disorders is becoming increasingly important. Limited resources for specialist assessment and an increasing demographical challenge warrants the need for efficient methods of evaluation. In response, CoGNIT, a tablet app for automatic, standardized, and efficient assessment of cognitive function, was developed. Included tests span the cognitive domains regarded as important for assessment in a general memory clinic (memory, language, psychomotor speed, executive function, attention, visuospatial ability, manual dexterity, and symptoms of depression).

Objective
The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of automatic cognitive testing with CoGNIT in older patients with symptoms of mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods
Patients older than 55 years with symptoms of MCI (n=36) were recruited at the research clinic at the Blekinge Institute of Technology (BTH), Karlskrona, Sweden. A research nurse administered the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) and the CoGNIT app on a tablet computer. Technical and testing issues were documented.

Results
The test battery was completed by all 36 patients. One test, the four-finger–tapping test, was performed incorrectly by 42% of the patients. Issues regarding clarity of instructions were found in 2 tests (block design test and the one finger-tapping test). Minor software bugs were identified.

Conclusions
The overall feasibility of automatic cognitive testing with the CoGNIT app in patients with symptoms of MCI was good. The study highlighted tests that did not function optimally. The four-finger–tapping test will be discarded, and minor improvements to the software will be added before further studies and deployment in the clinic.
Searching for HIV and AIDS Health Information in South Africa, 2004-2019: Analysis of Google and Wikipedia Search Trends
Authors: Okunoye Babatunde , Ning Shaoyang , Jemielniak Dariusz 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundAIDS, caused by HIV, is a leading cause of mortality in Africa. HIV/AIDS is among the greatest public health challenges confronting health authorities, with South Africa having the greatest prevalence of the disease in the world. There is little research into how Africans meet their health information needs on HIV/AIDS online, and this research gap impacts programming and educational responses to the HIV/AIDS pandemic.ObjectiveThis paper reports on how, in general, interest in the search terms “HIV” and “AIDS” mirrors the increase in people living with HIV and the decline in AIDS cases in South Africa.MethodsData on search trends for HIV and AIDS for South Africa were found using the search terms “HIV” and “AIDS” (categories: health, web search) on Google Trends. This was compared with data on estimated adults and children living with HIV, and AIDS-related deaths in South Africa, from the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, and also with search interest in the topics “HIV” and “AIDS” on Wikipedia Afrikaans, the most developed local language Wikipedia service in South Africa. Nonparametric statistical tests were conducted to support the trends and associations identified in the data.ResultsGoogle Trends shows a statistically significant decline (P<.001) in search interest for AIDS relative to HIV in South Africa. This trend mirrors progress on the ground in South Africa and is significantly associated (P<.001) with a decline in AIDS-related deaths and people living longer with HIV. This trend was also replicated on Wikipedia Afrikaans, where there was a greater interest in HIV than AIDS.ConclusionsThis statistically significant (P<.001) association between interest in the search terms “HIV” and “AIDS” in South Africa (2004-2019) and the number of people living with HIV and AIDS in the country (2004-2019) might be an indicator that multilateral efforts at combating HIV/AIDS—particularly through awareness raising and behavioral interventions in South Africa—are bearing fruit, and this is not only evident on the ground, but is also reflected in the online information seeking on the HIV/AIDS pandemic. We acknowledge the limitation that in studying the association between Google search interests on HIV/AIDS and cases/deaths, causal relationships should not be drawn due to the limitations of the data.