bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methods to Capture Proteomic and Metabolomic Signatures from Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum of Healthy Individuals
Authors: Lilley Laura M. , Sanche Steven , Moore Shepard C. , Salemi Michelle R. , Vu Dung , Iyer Srinivas , Hengartner Nicolas W. , Mukundan Harshini 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Discovery of reliable signatures for the empirical diagnosis of neurological diseases – both infectious and non-infectious – remains unrealized. One of the primary challenges encountered in such studies is the lack of a comprehensive database representative of a signature background that exists in healthy individuals, and against which an aberrant event can be assessed. For neurological insults and injuries, it is important to understand the normal profile in the neuronal (cerebrospinal fluid) and systemic fluids (e.g., blood). Here, we present a comparative multi-omic human database of of serum and cerebrospinal fluid signatures derived from a population of 30 individuals (15 males, 15 females, 23–74 years) as a first step towards establishing a comprehensive database in future. In addition to empirical signatures, we also assigned common pathways between serum and CSF. Together, our findings provide a strategy to establish a biomarker baseline against which aberrant signature profiles in individuals with neurological injuries/disease can be assessed – providing a pathway for comprehensive diagnostics and therapeutics discovery.
The Prevalence And Outcomes Of Depression In Older HIV-Positive Adults In Northern Tanzania: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Dua Damneek , Stubbs Oliver , Urasa Sarah , Rogathi Jane , Duinmaijer Ashanti , Howlett William , Dekker Marieke , Kisoli Aloyce , Mukaetova-Ladinska Elizabeta , Gray William , Lewis Thomas , Walker Richard , Dotchin Catherine , Lwezuala Bingileki , Makupa Philip , Paddick Stella-Maria 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Studies of depression and its outcomes in older people living with HIV (PLWH) are currently lacking in sub-Saharan Africa Objectives: To investigate prevalence of psychiatric disorders in PLWH aged ≥50 years in Tanzania focussing on prevalence and two-year outcomes of depression.Method: PLWH aged ≥50 were systematically recruited from an outpatient clinic and assessed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric interview (MINI). Neurological and functional impairment were assessed at year two follow-up. Results: At baseline, 253 PLWH were recruited (72.3% female, median age 57, 95.5% on cART). DSM-IV depression was highly prevalent (20.9%), whereas other DSM-IV psychiatric disorders were uncommon. At follow-up (n=162) DSM-IV depression non-significantly decreased (14.2% -11.1%) x2 :2.48 p=0.29). Baseline depression, was associated with increased functional (p=0.018), and neurological impairment (p<0.001) and negative life events (p=0.001) at follow-up, but HIV and sociodemographic factors were not.Conclusions: In this setting, depression appears highly prevalent and associated with poorer outcomes. This may be a future intervention target.
Feasibility of positron range correction in 82-Rubidium cardiac PET/CT
Authors: Jensen Malte , Bentsen Simon , Clemmensen Andreas , Jensen Jacob Kildevang , Madsen Johanne , Rossing Jonas , Laier Anna , Hasbak Philip , Kjaer Andreas , Ripa Rasmus Sejersten 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) using positron emission tomography (PET) tracers is an essential tool in investigating diseases and treatment responses in cardiology. 82Rubidium (82Rb)-PET imaging is advantageous for MPI due to its short half-life, but cannot be used for small animal research due to the long positron range. We aimed to correct for this, enabling MPI with 82Rb-PET in rats.Methods: The effect of positron range correction (PRC) on 82Rb-PET was examined using two phantoms, and in-vivo on rats. A NEMA NU-4-inspired phantom was used for image quality evaluation (%standard deviation (%SD), spill-over ratio (SOR), and recovery coefficient (RC)). A cardiac phantom was used for assessing spatial resolution. Two rats underwent rest 82Rb-PET to optimize number of iterations, type of PRC, and respiratory gating.Results: NEMA NU-4 metrics (no PRC vs PRC): %SD 0.087 vs 0.103; SOR (air) 0.022 vs 0.002, SOR (water) 0.059 vs 0.019; RC (3 mm) 0.219 vs 0.584, RC (4 mm) 0.300 vs 0.874, RC (5 mm) 0.357 vs 1.197. Cardiac phantom full-width at half maximum (FWHM) and full-width at tenth maximum (FWTM) (no PRC vs PRC): FWTM 6.73 mm vs 3.26 mm (true: 3 mm), FWTM 9.27 mm vs 7.01 mm. The in-vivo scans with respiratory gating had a homogeneous myocardium clearly distinguishable from the blood pool.Conclusion: PRC improved the spatial resolution for the phantoms and in-vivo at the expense of slightly more noise. Combined with respiratory gating, the spatial resolution achieved using PRC should allow for quantitative MPI in small animals.
Novel Transport Properties of the α-T3 Lattice with Uniform Electric and Magnetic Fields: the Effects of Flat Bands
Authors: Li Fu , Zhang Qingtian , Chan Kwok Sum 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We report a theoretical study of electronic transport properties of α-T3 lattice nanoribbons in the presence of uniform electric and magnetic fields. Landau levels with an unexcepted fashion are obtained in the system, and unique flat bands are observed due to the crossed electric and magnetic fields. We found that the nondispersive flat band of α-T3 lattice is distorted and split to many dispersive energy levels when electric and magnetic fields are applied. A double constriction structure of α-T3 lattice is considered to investigate the quantum transport in the flat band, and novel quantum transport properties are obtained, which shows great differences from conventional Dirac electrons. Our results show that the flat bands of α-T3 lattice can also contribute to the quantum transport properties and play an important role in the development of novel Dirac electron device.
Microscopic Mechanism of Contraction of Tension Wood G-Fiber Due to Boiling
Authors: Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Sujan K.C. , Matsuo-Ueda Miyuki , Yoshida Masato , Chen Shuoye 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Many woody eudicot plants form a secondary xylem composed of gelatinous fibers (G-fibers) called "tension wood" (TW) along the upper side of the tilted stem or branch. TW generates a large tensile growth stress in the longitudinal direction, allowing the tilted stem or a branch to develop negative-gravitropism in response to the strong gravitational stimulus. This is because the G-fibers tend to contract in the longitudinal direction as they mature. The matured G-fibers also contract upon boiling treatment in water (= hygrothermal treatment). These contractions occur in the gelatinous layer (G-layer) as an innermost layer of the G-fiber. It is still an unsolved mystery how the G-layer, which is composed of highly crystallized and longitudinally oriented cellulose microfibrils (CMFs), contracts during cell wall maturation or during hygrothermal treatment. In the present study, TW specimens of Konara oak (Quercus serrata L) were subjected to hygrothermal treatments under different temperature and time conditions, and strains due to treatment were followed. Besides, the mass loss due to hygrothermal treatment was also followed. From analyzing the obtained results, physical behavior of CMF and other non-cellulosic matrix components in the G-layer during the hygrothermal treatment was estimated. The discussion was further developed to associate hygrothermal contraction with microscopic mechanisms of the contraction of the tension wood G-fiber during maturation.
An Integrated Group Decision-making Method for Hypertension Risk Management Under Interval-valued q-rung Othopair Fuzzy
Authors: Wan Benting , Zhou Shufen , Liang Hua , Huang Xuan , Cheng YouYu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper develops a new group decision-making (GDM) method for multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) problems with unknown weights, which integrates Yager operator, CRITIC and WASPAS decision methods under interval-valued q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets (IVq-ROFS). The main contributions of this paper are concluded as below: (1) We first extend the distance measurement to interval-valued q-rung fuzzy numbers (IVq-ROFNs), and proves its properties. And we develop a new score function which is used to measure IVq-ROFNs, and the new score function overcomes the deficiencies of the existing score function. (2) We extend Yager weighted average operator (IVq-ROFYWA) and Yager weighted geometric average operator (IVq-ROFYWG) under IVq-ROFS, and we discuss the properties of IVq-ROFYWA and IVq-ROFYWG operators. (3) We propose a new method to derive expert weights of different alternatives, which can avoid the deficiency of overall decision-making perspective. And we extend deriving attribute weights method based on CRITIC under IVq-ROFS. (4) A new integrated MAGDM method is proposed. The MAGDM method integrates Yager operator, score function, distance measurement, expert weights deriving method, CRITIC method, and WASPAS method. (5) Finally, the group decision-making algorithm is used for hypertension risk management. The results are consistent with experts’ opinions. And comparing and analyzing results show that the proposed MAGDM method is effective and feasible.
A Quantitative Analysis of Compromising Emanation from HDMI and Possibility of Information Reconstruction
Authors: Lee Euibum , Choi Dong-hoon , Nam Taesik , Yook Jong-gwan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the electromagnetic interference characteristics of the high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI), a well-known display interface, and quantitatively offers the possibility of information from the leakage in the perspective of radio communication. After analyzing the leakage characteristics, a pseudo-signal model is generated based on the characteristics and behavioral features of the software-defined radio. Subsequently, the model is utilized to investigate the performance of frame-averaging to improve the low signal-to-noise ratio of sensitive information contained in the leakage. In addition, the frame-averaging scheme is quantitatively analyzed under various environmental assumptions. Based on these contributions, the paper offers several indexes that quantitatively present meaningful information in EM leakage. Finally, the actual measurement results are compared with those of the pseudo-model to verify our work.
Predicting Ecological Impacts of the Invasive Brush-Clawed Shore Crab Under Environmental Change
Authors: Theurich Nora , Briski Elizabeta , Cuthbert Ross N. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Globally, the number of invasive non-indigenous species is continually rising, representing a major driver of biodiversity declines and a growing socio-economic burden. Hemigrapsus takanoi, the Japanese brush-clawed shore crab, is a highly successful invader in European seas. However, the ecological consequences of this invasion have remained unexamined under environmental changes — such as climatic warming and desalination, which are projected in the Baltic Sea — impeding impact prediction and management. Recently, the comparative functional response (resource use across resource densities) has been pioneered as a reliable approach to quantify and predict the ecological impacts of invasive non-indigenous species under environmental contexts. This study investigated the functional response of H. takanoi factorially between different crab sexes and under environmental conditions predicted for the Baltic Sea in the contexts of climate warming (16 and 22°C) and desalination (15 and 10), towards blue mussel Mytilus edulis prey provided at different densities. Hemigrapsus takanoi displayed a potentially population-destabilising Type II functional response (i.e. inversely-density dependent) towards mussel prey under all environmental conditions, characterised by high feeding rates at low prey densities that could extirpate prey populations — notwithstanding high in-field abundances of M. edulis. Males exhibited higher feeding rates than females under all environmental conditions. Higher temperatures reduced the feeding rate of male H. takanoi, but did not affect the feeding rate of females. Salinity did not have a clear effect on feeding rates for either sex. These results provide insights into interactions between biological invasions and climate change, with future warming potentially lessening the impacts of this rapidly spreading marine invader, depending on the underlying population demographics and abundances.
Acceptability Of Covid-19 Vaccines And Vaccination In Cameroon: Challenges And Way Forward
Authors: Tambo Ernest , Tsague Causette LM , Ebong Serge Bruno , Tchuendem Ines , Ngazoue Elodie F , Fankep Bertin , Assob Jules 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction: With unprecedented speed, several SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been developed and made accessible through bilateral and COVAX initiatives within 2 years after the first Covid-19 case report. As we strive to achieve global control with these new vaccines, old challenges arise, including the acceptability of these COVID-19 vaccines, vaccination coverage and effectiveness, vaccine hesitancy. Understanding how reluctant populations may be to Covid-19 vaccines and what factors may be causing these concerns may improve the ability of public health workers and communicators to maximize vaccine uptake.Methods: A cross-sectional, analytical study with a semi-structured questionnaire using a randomized, stratified sampling technique was conducted during this study. Data were collected using SPSS software. Categorical data related to demographic variables were presented as frequencies and proportions. Univariate and multivariate associations between independent variables and primary outcomes were tested using the T test or chi-square test, as appropriate.Results and discussion: We found a statistically significant Covid-19 vaccination acceptabilityamong health professionals (54.88%) and a low acceptability in 28-34 years old (11.78%) (P= 0.006 and OR= 0.53 (0.33 - 0.83). Of 771 male participants, only 19.71% were willing to be vaccinated with any vaccine. University education was a risk factor for non-acceptance of vaccination. The refusal of vaccination was statistically significant in non-civil servants, non-medical professionals and civil servants.COVID-19 vaccine illiteracy, infomedics, knowledge of variant type, vaccine hesitancy, low monthly income, and poverty were risk factors in the acceptability of vaccine and uptake.Infodemics linked hesitancy to Covid-19 vaccination was correlated with local beliefs on the severity and risk of Covid-19, as well as COVID-19 vaccines uncertainty,unknownvaccine safety and effectiveness on local populations. Combined efforts in defining and implementing contextual COVID-19 mass vaccination solutions and initiativesis vital to increase acceptance, trust and uptake in curbing the growing public health menace in Cameroon.
Pentosan Polysulfate Induces Latent Prion Infection In Fukuoka-1 Strain Infected Cell Culture
Authors: Takatsuki Hanae , Imamura Morikazu , Mori Tsuyoshi , Atarashi Ryuichiro 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Each prion strain has its own characteristics and the efficacy of anti-prion drugs varies. Screening of prion disease therapeutics is typically evaluated by measuring amounts of protease-resistant prion protein (PrP-res). However, it remains unclear whether such measurements correlate with seeding activity, which can be evaluated by real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC). In this study, the effects of anti-prion compounds pentosan polysulfate (PPS), Congo red, and alprenolol were measured in N2a58 cells infected with Fukuoka-1 (FK1) or 22L strain. The compounds abolished PrP-res and seeding activity, except for N2a58/FK1 treated with PPS. Interestingly, the seeding activity of N2a58/FK1 was much lower in the presence of PPS, but that was maintained thereafter; indeed, when PPS was removed, seeding activity and PrP-res gradually recovered to their original levels. These results indicate that prion latent infection is induced by PPS in a strain-dependent manner. Furthermore, for protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA), the anti-prion effect of PPS decreased in FK1 compared to 22L, suggesting that the difference in effect observed between these two occurs at the level of the direct conversion. Our findings demonstrate that the advantages of RT-QuIC and PMCA can be exploited for more accurate assessment of therapeutic drug screening, reflecting strain differences.
Comparative Performance among Hamilton Crosser and Yamada Ota Hybrid Nanofluid Models in Generalized Mass Diffusion and Heat Energy across a Vertical Heated Riga Plate via Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Wang Fuzhang , Sohail Muhammad , El-Zahar Essam R. , Nazir Umar , Kumam Poom 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This research considered the utilization of revised heat and mass fluxes to study the mass, heat transport in Carreau Yasuda model past over a vertical Riga plate in the presence of heat generation /absorption and chemical reaction. Thermal and mass transportation also engaged the involvement of variable diffusion coefficient and thermal conductivity. The characteristics of Hamilton crosser and Yamada Ota models for the study of hybrid nanoparticles are discussed. The considered model is developed under boundary layer approach in Cartesian coordinates which results nonlinear coupled PDEs. The derived PDEs has been reduced to corresponding ODEs with the help of an appropriate transformation. Afterwards, transformed ODEs are solved numerically via finite element (FEM) procedure. The authenticity of FEM is shown with the help of grid independent survey and comparative study. The obtained results are in excellent agreement with the previous published data. The utilized approach is effective and highly recommended for the nonlinear problems arising in the modeling of several phenomena.
Challenges faced during clinical placement among nursing students. A mixed study conducted at highest institutions in Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia, 2020
Authors: Addisie Almaz , Cherie Amsale , Gela Debela , Ataro Bizuayehu Atinafu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The clinical learning environment is important to achieve the defined learning outcomes of the program, however nurse students face a multitude of challenges during their clinical placement.
Objectives
The objective of the study was to explore challenges experienced by nursing students during clinical placement with associated factors among highest institutions of Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia, 2020.
Method
A mixed method approach composed of cross sectional study and phenomenological method employed from February 15, to April 30, 2020 on 179 third- and fourth-year undergraduate nursing students selected using simple random sampling for the quantitative study and seven purposively selected students for qualitative study. Self-administered questionnaire and recording of telephone interview used to collect quantitative and qualitative data respectively. Logistic regression analysis carried out to identify the independent predictors, whereas the qualitative data analyzed using interpretation of the voice recorded during telephone interview, extracting significant statements, formulating meanings, and coding, categorizing into clusters of themes using the content analysis approach and using ATLAS ti.Version 7.5.16 software.
Result
the prevalence of challenge among nursing students was found to be 29 (16.9%).Consequently, in bivariate logistic regression, students’ religion, residence, entrance year, learning institution and substance use were found to have association with challenge among nursing student. However, in multivariable analysis only substance use and learning institution found to have significant association. Furthermore statistically significant negative moderate correlation between students total challenge score and their overall competency score were identified [r= -0.672, P value = < 0.001].In qualitative content regards student Nurses factors, lack of role model, instructors responsibilities, inadequate support structure & communication, lack of equipment and college responsibility were emerged.
Conclusion
It is essential to plan and improve students’ clinical supervision and support at clinical setting by their instructors and staff nurses to create skillful nursing students and minimize their challenge. Therefore there should be adequate orientation and ongoing follow-up for students before internship by principal instructors.
Synthesis and evaluation of composite TiO 2 @ ZnO quantum dots on hybrid nanostructure perovskite solar cell
Authors: Pezhooli Negin , Maleki Ali , Hasti Farzam , Rahimi Jamal 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This research is an interdisciplinary study aimed at helping the environment and producing clean energy. Therefore, one of the goals of this research towards the field of nanotechnology is the application of nanotechnology in the preparation of solar cells and the provision of optimal and efficient cells. Perovskite solar cells are of particular importance because of the high efficiencies that they have achieved in recent years. The use of quantum dots has also played an important role in the efficiency of these cells and their efficiency. The TiO2@ZnO nanocomposite was selected and synthesized for this study. The application of this nanocomposite with different ratios of TiO2 and ZnO quantum dots was investigated and their efficiency was determined. Although the efficiency of the fabricated cell was reported to be about 5% in a solar cell made of TiO2@ZnO composite, the efficiency can be increased by optimizing conditions such as the optimal location for these cells or by compositing with other materials.
Mechanical and Surface Characterization of Sisal Fiber (Agave Sisalana) After Cold Glow Discharge Oxygen Plasma Treatment
Authors: gupta upendra sharan , Tiwari Sudhir , Sharma Uttam 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Agave sisalana is a rosette-forming succulent plant farmed primarily for its fibers, Sisal is utilized in cordage primarily along with its toughness, longevity, stretchability, propensity towards particular colorants and saltwater tolerance Sisal fibers have just low compactness, are readily available, and are sustainable and environmentally friendly, although they have inherent drawbacks, including hydrophilicity with performance variability. Even though these composites have been natural fiber-reinforced, their composite structure including chemical characteristics attributable to mechanical characteristics has always been associated with a better. The application of cold glow discharge oxygen treatment on sisal fibers was investigated in this study. Unidirectional Sisal fibers had been surface treated with cold glow discharge plasma oxygen throughout this research, as well as the impact on mechanical properties would always be investigated. To increase the combination of sisal fiber with epoxy resin, oxygen plasma treatments were employed to enhance the characteristics of sisal fibers at varied cold glow discharge plasma energies 80W, as well as 120 W for 30 minutes. Oxygen plasma modification employing cold glow discharge once compared to an untreated sisal fiber-reinforced epoxy laminate, 80W(30min.) of sisal fiber offered the sisal fiber reinforced epoxy composite (SFREC) with well almost 76.92 % substantially greater interlaminar shear strength, 56.94 % comparatively stronger flexural strength, 76.41 % relatively improved larger elongation break, and 58.56 % tremendously greater tensile strength. The morphological characteristics of cold glow discharge were examined employing FT-IR spectroscopy and (XRD). Oxygen plasma-treated sisal fibers performed better than untreated sisal fibers in terms of surface structure. Sisal fibers have been exploited for engineering applications after becoming surface-treated, rendering them an appealing and competitive material that contributes to the world's objective of supporting self-sustaining and biodegradable natural materials.