bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FATWA-FATWA TRANSAKSI DIGITAL: STUDI KOMPARATIF FATWA NU DAN MUHAMMADIYAH
Authors: Basywar Muhammad , Amdar Fikri Haekal 
Published: August 2022

Tulisan ini mengangkat persoalan tentang bagaimana pandangan kalangan ulama dari Nahdatul Ulama dan Muhammadiyah serta dari MUI tentang transaksi digital. Perkembangan teknologi telah memberi banyak perubahan bagi kehidupan manusia termasuk dalam bidang perekonomian. Hal ini ditandai dengan berkembangnya banyak transaksi digital yang semakin memudahkan manusia dalam urusan bayar-bayar. Dalam pandangan agama (Islam) yang juga mengatur segala aspek kehidupan manusia juga memberi banyak catatan, kritikan terhadap fenomena ini dikarenakan tak kurang juga punya sisi negatif yang cenderung merugikan manusia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi deskriptif analitis tinjauan pustaka, yaitu dengan cara mengumpulkan data kemudian memaparkan apa adanya dan disusun serta dituangkan dalam bentuk narasi dan dianalisis. Tujuan penelitian ini membandingkan fatwa-fatwa ulama dari kalangan Nahdatul Ulama dan Muhammadiyah serta ulama yang terhimpun dalam MUI tentang transaksi digital yang difokuskan pada transaksi bitcoin. Hasil penelitian ini menyajikan kesimpulan yang beragam. Dalam pandangan MUI menyebutkan bahwa Bitcoin sebagai aset untuk investasi cenderung termasuk garar yang dapat merugikan orang lain. Nilai Bitcoin yang jauh melampaui mata uang konvensional, membuat masyarakat tertarik untuk berinvestasi. Tidak ada aset pendukung, harga tidak terkontrol, serta tidak ada jaminan secara resmi. Berbada halnya dengan NU yang mengklasifikasikan bitcoin sebagai “aset virtual” dan oleh karena itu dapat digunakan sebagai alat Dagang dapat digunakan sebagai investasi. Oleh karena itu, zakat wajib bersamanya berlaku. Namun karena Bitcoin saat ini tidak diatur oleh pemerintah, maka statusnya sebagai alat perdagangan tergolong beresiko tinggi dalam hal keamanan. Selain itu, Muhammadiyah menjelaskan bahwa Hukum mata uang kripto seperti Bitcoin tergantung pada penggunaannya apakah digunakan untuk kebaikan atau kejahatan. Kripto itu bebas nilai. Kalau digunakan untuk melahirkan produk yang buruk, maka produknya haram. Kalau digunakan untuk menghasilkan yang baik maka produknya bisa tetap halal. Akan tetapi, lebih baik menghindari penggunaan mata uang kripto karena belum diakui oleh negara sebagai alat tukar, ataupun benda niaga.
OPTIMALISASI PENGELOLAAN ZAKAT DI INDONESIA
Authors: Adi Sapriadi , Ina Darliana , Ridwan Hardiyanti 
Published: August 2022

Zakat merupakan sarana komunikasi utama antara manusia dengan sesama dalambermasyarat demi terciptanya kehidupan yang harmonis dan manusiawi. penyaluran harta zakat harus di kelola dengan baik dengan tujuan bahwa pembagian zakatberjalan secara efektif dan tepat sasaran kepada para mustahiksesuai dengan kriteria yang telah ditetapkan syariah. Zakat sangat potensi di Indonesia untukmenyelesaikan permasalahan masyarakat. Namun dalam implementasinya dihadapkan kepada sejumlah permasalahan terkait pemahaman tentang pengelolaan zakat itu sendiri. Problematikan masyarakat dibagi terhadap 3 (tiga) stakeholderyaitu,Pemerintah serta Organisasi Pengelola Zakat, muzaki (pemberi zakat) dan mustahik (penerima zakat).
आगन्तुक खँगोः
Authors: श्रेष्ठ Shrestha राजित बहादुर Rajit Bahadur 
Published: August 2022

नेपालभाषा लिच्छविकालसिबें न्ह्यः हे प्रचलनय्‌ वय्‌‌धुंकल । थुकिया दसुकथं लिच्छविकालीन अभिलेखय्‌ गैरसंस्कृत खँगोःत थौंतक नेपालभाषाय्‌ छेलाचोंगुयात काय्‌‌छिं । नेपाःया प्रशासनिक ज्याखँय्‌ लिच्छविकालनिसें थीथी कालखण्डय्‌ संस्कृत, मैथिली व खसभाषाया विशेष भूमिका दु । उकिं नेपालभाषाय्‌ थुकिया प्रत्यक्ष वा अप्रत्यक्ष प्रभाव लाइगु स्वाभाविक खः । आधुनिक इलय्‌ जुयाचोंगु वैज्ञानिक आविष्कार, शिक्षा, संचारया तिव्र विकास व आन्तरिक तथा पर्यटकीय व्यवसायं नं नेपालभाषाय्‌ प्रभाव लाकाचोंगु दु ।
Practical Quantitative Scanning Microwave Impedance Microscopy
Authors: Dixon-Warren St.J. , Drevniok B. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Scanning microwave impedance microscopy (sMIM) is an electrical measurement technique that can be used to determine dopant profiles in semiconductor devices. This article describes the basic setup and implementation of the method and demonstrates its use in the cross-sectional analysis of NMOS power transistors.
Failure Analysis of DC/DC Converters: A Case Study
Authors: Dhennin Jérémie 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this case study, the author describes the investigation of a defective DC-DC converter retrieved from an aircraft following the report of abnormal system behavior. Electrical testing, local probing, X-ray imaging, and cross-sectional analysis led to the discovery of cracks on several pins and in some of the solder material. The cracks were caused by different rates of thermal expansion and were remedied with the help of thermomechanical analysis, EBSD imaging, and phase map comparisons for thick and thin solder joints.
Product Circuit Validation and Failure Debug: A Semiconductor Foundry Can Help
Authors: Susanto Edy , Goh S.H. , Manlangit Edmund C. , Lam Jeffrey 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Faster time-to-production of a new product is the common goal of design houses and foundries. This article demonstrates how foundries can contribute through post silicon validation, which allows design houses to focus on more complicated issues.
Failure Mechanisms of Electromechanical Relays on PCBAs: Part II
Authors: Vogel Gert 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This is the second article in a two-part series on the causes of failure in electromechanical relays. Part I, in the February 2018 issue of EDFA, examines a variety of failures caused by the formation of oxide on contact surfaces. As the author explains, electric arcing in the presence of silicon oil or vapor creates SiO2 deposits in the contact region that build up over time. Here in Part II, the author presents examples of failures caused by nitrous gases, phosphoric acid crystals, and wax, which is often found on enameled copper wires.
Locating Failures in Current Device Nodes: EBIC/EBAC, Current Imaging, and Nanoprobing
Authors: Kleindiek Stephan , Ring Rosalinda , Schock Klaus , Rummel Andreas , Zschornack Michael , Limbecker Pascal , Meyer Andreas , Newkirk Randy , Davidson Kevin , Kemmler Matthias 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Advances in IC technology have made failure site localization extremely challenging. Through a series of case studies, the authors of this article show how such challenges can be overcome using EBIC/EBAC, current imaging, and nanoprobing. The cases involve a wide range of issues, including resistor chain defects, substrate leakage, microcracking, micro contamination, and open failures due to copper plating problems and missing vias.
Ensuring Advanced Semiconductor Device Reliability using FA and Submicron Defect Detection
Authors: Gray Dusty , Kendig Dustin , Tay Andrew A.O. , Shakouri Ali 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A noninvasive thermal imaging approach based on the thermoreflectance principle is proposed for analyzing advanced semiconductor devices. Several examples illustrate the value of this approach in detecting thermal anomalies and defects missed by other techniques.
The Power of IC Reverse Engineering for Hardware Trust and Assurance
Authors: Ganji Fatemeh , Forte Domenic , Asadizanjani Navid , Tehranipoor Mark , Woodward Damon 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Integrated circuits embedded in everyday devices face an increased risk of tampering and intrusion. In this article, the authors explain how reverse engineering techniques, including automated image analysis, can be employed to provide trust and assurance when dealing with commercial off-the-shelf chips.
Finding Shorted Components on Printed Circuit Boards by Infrared-Based Direct Current Injection Method
Authors: Zhu Zhifeng , Morris Garron K. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article explains how to find shorted components on PCB assemblies using infrared-based direct current injection, a nondestructive method that has several advantages over magnetic microscopy and voltage drop measurement techniques. An application example involving a power board failure is also provided.
State-of-the-Art High-Resolution 3D X-ray Microscopy for Imaging of Integrated Circuits
Authors: Holler Mirko , Guizar-Sicairos Manuel , Raabe Jörg 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
X-ray ptychography, as recent studies show, has the potential to bridge the gap that currently exists between conventional X-ray imaging and electron microscopy. This article covers the evolution of the technology from basic 2D imaging to computed tomography to 3D ptychographic X-ray laminography (PyXL) with zoom. To demonstrate the capabilities of PyXL, a 16-nm FinFET logic IC was mechanically polished to a thickness of 20 µm and several regions were imaged at various levels of resolution.
Challenges for System Supplier Failure Analysis on Subsystem Components
Authors: Deng Xuming , Huang Weidong , Yu Changhong , Wu Xiongjian , Xu Yang , Zhao Xiaole , Gu Qing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The failure of a white LED backlight module in a portable computer illustrates the challenges that component and system suppliers must overcome in order to determine root-cause failure mechanisms and take corrective actions that address the problem.
The Students’ ICT Skills in Producing Infographic Media and Video: Guidance and Counselling E-Project Tasks
Authors: Kurniawan Dydik , Wahyuningsih Tri 
Published: August 2022

The study sees, there is still a lack of student ICT skills in producing a multimedia platform to support guidance and counselling services. This mixed method aimed to analyze the ICT skills of students from the department dept. of Guidance and Counselling in producing interesting, effective, and efficient infographic media and video as well as evaluation materials for lecturers in correcting the shortcomings of the lecture process. Using saturated total sampling technique of 76 students’ from class of 2020 this present study focuses on Infographic Design, Video, and Material. Data collection were based in the form of documentation include e-infographic project tasks, video tasks, infographic assessment sheets, and video assessment sheets which analyzed using descriptive statistics in the form of average values and percentages, which are then converted to qualitative data. The results of the assessment obtained for infographic design (3.53 ), materials in the appropriate category (3.78), and for video (4.00). Media that has been created by students in the form of Infographics and videos provides one of the solutions in providing guidance and counselling services during the Covid-19 pandemic or in the new normal situation. Therefore this study highlighted the excellence in-making skills of students or candidates for Guidance and counseling of Mulawarman University in creating infographic media and videos are very important in supporting and providing guidance and counselling services as their career path in the future.
Uma Agenda de Investigação nas Humanidades Azuis: Exploração dos Ambientes Aquáticos e os 4 Oceanos em Épocas Pré-Industrialização
Authors: Brito Cristina 
Published: August 2022

Como podemos contar uma história humana num mundo mais-do-que-humano? Como se percebem as influências e consequências para pessoas e sociedades do mundo natural e físico que as envolve e do qual dependem para sobreviver, sem esquecer os vários agenciamentos envolvidos e interligados? E como o fazemos no mundo líquido, fluído, azul e profundo dos oceanos e águas costeiras do planeta? A problemática é histórica, mas reflete-se também na atualidade e futuro das sociedades humanas e sua relação e dependência dos ecossistemas e recursos dos mares e oceanos. Nesta nota científica abordo o valor das humanidades para o conhecimento histórico dos oceanos e o seu contributo para aumentar a literacia para os oceanos. Uso o caso de estudo da história natural e exploração de manatins com vista a perceber áreas de distribuição no passado e apresento o projeto interdisciplinar e colaborativo ‘4-Oceans’ e sua agenda de investigação. Para tal, revejo brevemente a história ambiental de manatins e pessoas no Atlântico da época moderna e refiro-me à importância de considerar os seres humanos como agentes ecológicos e outras espécies animais como co-construtores das narrativas históricas.
Risk of primary Sjogren’s Syndrome following human papillomavirus infections: a nationwide population-based cohort study
Authors: Chen Huang-Hsi , Ma Kevin Sheng-Kai , Dong Chen , Chang Wen-Jung , Gao Kuan-Rong , Perng Wuu-Tsun , Huang Jing-Yang , Wei James Cheng-Chung 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionViral infection is an exogeneous factor for primary Sjogren’s syndrome (pSS). This study investigated the association between human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and pSS through a nationwide population based cohort study.MethodsPatients with HPV infections between January, 1999 and December, 2013 were included. The incidence of new-onset pSS in patients with HPV infections and non-HPV controls were derived. The multiple Cox regression model derived the risk of pSS in patients with HPV infections. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed to validate the association.ResultsDuring a follow-up period of 12 years, the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of pSS in patients with HPV infections was significantly higher than that in non-HPV controls (aHR=1.64, 95% CI=1.47-1.83, P&lt;0.001). The risk of pSS increased with age and the risk increased by 2.64-fold (95% CI= 2.37-2.93) for those older than 45 years. The significant association between HPV infections and the risk of pSS persisted in the sensitivity analysis restricted in HPV infections that lasted over 12 months (aHR=1.63, 95%CI=1.45-1.83, P&lt;0.0001). Subgroup analyses revealed that both male (aHR=1.83, 95%CI=1.47-2.28, P&lt;0.0001) and female (aHR=1.58, 95%CI=1.40-1.79, P&lt;0.0001) patients with HPV infections and HPV-infected patients aged between 16 and 45 years (aHR=1.60, 95%CI=1.34-1.91, P&lt;0.0001) and over 45 years (aHR=1.67, 95%CI=1.46-1.91, P&lt;0.0001) were associated with a significantly greater risk of pSS.ConclusionPatients with HPV infections presented with a significantly higher risk of pSS, regardless of age and sex.
Effect of indobufen vs. aspirin on platelet accumulation in patients with stable coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention: An open-label crossover study
Authors: Shi Qiu-Ping , Luo Xing-Yu , Zhang Bin , Wang Xin-Gang , Zhao Jing , Xie Qiu-Fen , Liu Jia-Hui , Liu Yao-Kun , Jiang Jie , Zheng Bo 
Published: August 2022

Purpose: This study compared the effect of indobufen with that of aspirin on platelet function in patients with stable coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods: Patients with stable coronary heart disease who had undergone PCI and received dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin 100 mg + clopidogrel 75 mg once daily) for at least 12 months were allocated to receive indobufen 100 mg twice daily + clopidogrel 75 mg once daily, clopidogrel 75 mg once daily alone, indobufen 100 mg twice daily alone, and aspirin 100 mg once daily alone for 1 month each in an open-label crossover manner. Platelet function was assessed by using the rates of arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation (AA-PAR) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation (ADP-PAR) measured by light transmission aggregometry, the platelet reactivity index measured by vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (PRI-VASP), and the plasma and urinary thromboxane B2 (TXB2) concentrations recorded at baseline and during each treatment phase.Results: Of 56 patients enrolled, 52 completed the study. The AA-PAR was lower in the indobufen alone group than in the aspirin alone group [5.21% (3.39, 7.98) vs. 5.27% (4.06, 6.60), p = 0.038], while biologically, a difference of 0.06% may represent no significant difference; there was no significant between-group difference in the plasma [531.16 pg/ml (203.89, 1035.06) vs. 373.93 pg/ml (194.04, 681.71), p = 0.251] or urinary [3951.97 pg/ml (2006.95, 6077.01) vs. 3610.48 pg/ml (1664.60, 6247.61), p = 0.717] TXB2 concentration. When the aspirin + clopidogrel group and indobufen + clopidogrel group were compared, similar results were found for AA-PAR [3.97% (3.05, 5.12) vs. 3.83% (3.10, 5.59), p = 0.947] and both plasma [849.47 pg/ml (335.96, 1634.54) vs. 455.41 pg/ml (212.47, 1489.60), p = 0.629], and urinary [4122.97 pg/ml (2044.96, 7459.86) vs. 3812.81 pg/ml (1358.95, 6021.07), p = 0.165] TXB2 concentrations. ADP-PAR was lower in the clopidogrel alone group than in the indobufen alone group (47.04% ± 16.89 vs. 61.7% ± 10.50, p &lt; 0.001), as was PRI-VASP (66.53% ± 18.06 vs. 77.72% ± 19.87, p = 0.002).Conclusion: These findings suggest that indobufen has antiplatelet effects similar to those of aspirin in patients with stable coronary heart disease after PCI, and may be an alternative for patients with aspirin intolerance after coronary stenting.
تطور زراعة وإنتاج الفاكهة في الأردن 1980-2019
Authors: شتات فهمي عبدالفتاح 
Published: August 2022

تركزت زراعة أشجار الفاكهة حتى نهاية السبعينيات من القرن الماضي في وادي الأردن حيث ان الزراعة مروية، وقد شملت الحمضيات والموز بالدرجة الأولى. وفي المناطق المرتفعة، اعتمدت زراعة أشجار الفاكهة (زيتون، عنب، لوز، برقوق، تين وغيرها) على مياه الأمطار في حين اقتصرت الزراعة المروية في المناطق المرتفعة على الأراضي المحيطة بالأودية التي بها ينابيع (وادي جرش، وادي السلط، سيل الزرقاء، وادي الريان، وادي موسى وغيرها) إذْ زرعت أشجار الفاكهة في بساتين مختلطة تضم عدة أنواع مثل التين و الرمان و التوت بمساحات صغيرة نسبياً، وأدى تحسن مستوى المعيشة وما رافقه من زيادة الطلب على أنواع الفاكهة التقليدية وغير التقليدية في مطلع الثمانينات الى تشجيع القطاع الخاص لضخ رؤوس أموال كبيرة للاستثمار في زراعة أشجار الفاكهة ورغبة العديد من مزارعي الخضروات الانتقال إلى زراعة أشجار الفاكه، مما ادى إلى تحول كبير في مساحة وإنتاج محاصيل الفاكهة، وشمل هذا التحول أنواع وأصناف الفاكهة والأصول المطعمة عليها تلك الأصناف وكثافة الزراعة والطرق المتبعة في تربية وتقليم أشجار الفاكهة و عمليات قطف الثمار و تداولها، وفي مجال الزيتون تم إدخال المعاصر الحديثة متعددة خطوط الإنتاج ذات الكفاءة العالية في استخلاص الزيت من الثمار. وفي مجال الري تم الانتقال من الري التقليدي بالأحواض إلى الري بالتنقيط مما ساعد في توفير مياه الري، وأدى هذا التحول أيضا الى استعمال التسميد بواسطة نظام التسميد بالري (Fertigation) مما ساعد في زيادة كفاءة عمليات التسميد. وأما أهم محاصيل الفاكهة التي شهدت تحولاً جذرياً في المساحة والإنتاج فمنها الدراق والنكتارين في مناطق البادية والنخيل في وادي الأردن والتفاح في منطقة الشوبك. ولقد ساهمت العديد من المؤسسات مثل وزارة الزراعة والمركز الوطني للبحوث الزراعية ونقل التكنولوجيا وكليات الزراعة في الجامعات الأردنية ونقابة المهندسين الزراعيين والتلفزيون الأردني إلى جانب القطاع الخاص في وضع حجر الأساس لهذا التحول واستمراره حتى يومنا هذا
Wavefront aberration in the reconstructed images of holograms on DMDs
Authors: SON JUNG YOUNG , LEE Beom-Ryeol , Son Wookho , Heo Gwanghee , Venkel Tetiana 
Published: August 2022

<p>Wavefronts of the reconstructed images from holograms displayed on both rhomb and square pixel type DMDs are visually identified with a color phase map obtained with a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor to show wavefront aberration induced by DMDs’ unique pixel structure and working principle. The wavefronts of different holograms show very similar color phase maps to each other. But the phase maps reveal clearly the presence of the aberration and indicate that the square pixel DMD which has around two times bigger in dimension compared with the rhomb reveal that its wavefronts are aberrated more than those of the rhomb. In addition to this revelation, they also informs that the aberration is appearing along the DMDs’ pixel rotation directions. This aberration makes the reconstructed images to be blurred and distorted. But when the phase maps are compensated by that of the reflected beam from the On-states of the DMD surfaces without any hologram loading, the reconstructed images becomes more distinguished and identified for both DMDs </p>
A Data-Driven and Personalized Symmetry Controller for Robotic Ankle-Foot Prostheses
Authors: Prasanna Christopher , Realmuto Jonathan , Anderson Anthony , Rombokas Eric , Klute Glenn K. 
Published: August 2022

<p>People with unilateral transtibial amputation generally exhibit asymmetric gait, likely due to inadequate prosthetic ankle function. This results in compensatory behavior, leading to long-term musculoskeletal impairments (e.g., osteoarthritis in the joints of the intact limb). Powered prostheses can better emulate biological ankles, however, control methods are over-reliant on able-bodied data, require extensive amounts of tuning by experts, and cannot adapt to each user’s unique gait patterns. This work directly addresses all these limitations with a personalized and data-driven control strategy. Our controller uses a virtual setpoint trajectory within an impedance-inspired formula to adjust the dynamics of the robotic ankle-foot prosthesis as a function of gait phase. A single sensor measuring thigh motion is used to estimate the gait phase in real time. The virtual setpoint trajectory is modified via a data-driven iterative learning strategy aimed at optimizing ankle kinematic symmetry. The controller was experimentally evaluated on two people with transtibial amputation. The control scheme successfully increased ankle angle symmetry about the two limbs by 25.3% when compared to the passive condition. In addition, the symmetry controller significantly increased peak prosthetic ankle power output at push-off by 0.52 W/kg and significantly reduced biomechanical risk factors associated with osteoarthritis in the intact limb. This research demonstrates the benefits of personalized and data-driven symmetry controllers for robotic ankle-foot prostheses. </p>
الطريقة الأسية لحل مشكلة النقل مع تطبيق عملي
Authors: حمادة عفراء عباس 
Published: August 2022

إن مشكلة النقل هي اسلوب رياضي مهم في عملية اتخاذ القرار المناسب في نقل كمية من السلع من مصادر تصنيعها إلى مراكز طلبها بأقل كلفة الممكنة.
في هذا البحث تم عرض انموذج لمشكلة النقل ، وحل هذا الانموذج باستعمال الطريقة الاسية لإيجاد الحل الأمثل لمشكلة النقل , وتعتبر هذه الطريقة من الطرق الحديثة والمهمة لأصحاب القرار الاقتصادي والخدمي للمنشآت الانتاجية، ولغرض مقارنة النتائج باستخدام برنامج (WIN.QSB) , وتم تطبيق الطريقة الاسية لحل مشكلة نقل منتوج النفط الاسود من المستودعات إلى المحافظات الطالبة للمنتج مصافي الوسط ، وتم التوصل الى نتائج جيدة في تقليل كلف النقل ، وبعد تطبيق الطريقة الاسية جاءت بكلفة كلية (113225) دينار ، اما نتائج طريقة حل البرمجة الخطية بلغت ( 111075 ) دينار.

Transportation problem is an important mathematical method in the decision-making process in transferring the quantity of goods from the sources of manufacturing to the centers requested at the lowest possible cost.
In this research, a model was presented for the transport problem, and this model was solved by using the exponential method to find the optimal solution for the transport problem. This method is considered as a modern and important method for economic and service decision makers for the production facilities. For the purpose of comparing the results using WIN.QSB, To solve the problem of transferring the black oil product from the warehouses to the governorates requesting the product of the intermediate refineries, good results were achieved in reducing the cost of transport. After the implementation of the exponential method came at a total cost of (113225) ID. The results of the method of solving the linear programming amounted to (111075) ID.