bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phylogeographic analyses of an epiphytic foliose lichen show multiple dispersal events westward from the Hengduan Mountains of Yunnan into the Himalayas
Authors: Yang Mei‐Xia , Werth Silke , Wang Li‐Song , Scheidegger Christoph 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLobaria pindarensis is an endemic species of the Himalayas and the Hengduan Mountains. Little information is available on the phylogeography genetics and colonization history of this species or how its distribution patterns changed in response to the orographic history of the Himalayas and Hengduan Mountains. Based on samples covering a major part of the species' distribution range, we used 443 newly generated sequences of nine loci for molecular coalescent analyses in order to reconstruct the evolutionary history of L. pindarensis, and to reconstruct the species' ancestral phylogeographic distributions using Bayesian binary MCMC analyses. The results suggest that current populations originated from the Yunnan region of the Hengduan Mountains in the middle Pliocene, and that the Himalayas of Bhutan were colonized by a lineage that diverged from Yunnan ca. 2.72 Ma. The analysis additionally indicates that the Nepal and Xizang areas of the Himalayas were colonized from Yunnan as well, and that there was later a second dispersal event from Yunnan to Bhutan. We conclude that the change in climate and habitat related to the continuous uplift of the Himalayas and the Hengduan Mountains in the late Pliocene and middle Pleistocene influenced the geographic distribution pattern of L. pindarensis.
Life history traits vary between geographically distinct populations in a protogynous hermaphrodite
Authors: Kolodzey Stina , Wing Stephen R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSequential hermaphroditic species, such as blue cod (Parapercis colias), are particularly vulnerable to selective harvesting as it can directly influence the sex ratio, timing of sex change, and consequentially recruitment success. We analyzed the population structure, at which males dominate the populations, and modeled fecundity of blue cod from the Marlborough Sounds in the north of New Zealand's South Island, and compared these results with previously collected data from a blue cod population in Fiordland on the southwest coast of the South Island. In addition to the geographical difference, there were differences in the time the two populations were sampled, and the fisheries management regime between regions. Within the Marlborough Sounds population, the length‐frequency distribution was skewed toward high numbers of smaller individuals with an average length of 290 ± 59 mm. In Fiordland, the average length of blue cod was 380 ± 78 mm. Larger proportions of males within each length class were observed in the Marlborough Sounds, whereas females were the dominant sex in the Fiordland population. The estimated length at which males dominate the population was significantly smaller for the Marlborough Sounds population (182 mm) than for blue cod from the Fiordland population (419 mm). Geographical and temporal differences in sampling likely played important roles in the observed life history differences, particularly in the observed differences in growth. However, when compared to length and age data from national surveys, the life history traits of both sampled populations have remained relatively stable over the past 15 years, indicating that differences in population management and fishing pressure are the most likely explanation for the observed differences in length frequency and length‐at‐sex‐change. For effective and sustainable management of species with sequential hermaphroditism, size‐sensitive management, particularly protecting larger individuals, is required to avoid declines in length structure and recruitment limitations.
Outcomes with sacubitril/valsartan in outpatients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction: The ARIADNE registry
Authors: Maggioni Aldo P. , Clark Andrew L. , Barrios Vivencio , Damy Thibaud , Drozdz Jaroslaw , Fonseca Candida , Lund Lars H. , Kalus Stefanie , Ferber Philippe C. , Hussain Rizwan I. , Koch Cornelia , Zeymer Uwe ,   the ARIADNE investigators
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsARIADNE aimed to assess the association between effects of sacubitril/valsartan and no sacubitril/valsartan treatment and clinical characteristics, functional capacity, and clinical outcomes (cause‐specific mortality and hospitalizations) in outpatients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).MethodsARIADNE was a prospective European registry of 9069 patients with HFrEF treated by office‐based cardiologists or selected primary care physicians. Of the 8787 eligible for analysis, 4173 patients were on conventional HF treatment (non‐S/V group), whereas 4614 patients were either on sacubitril/valsartan treatment at enrolment or started sacubitril/valsartan within 1 month of enrolment (S/V group). We also generated a restricted analysis set (rS/V) including only those 2108 patients who started sacubitril/valsartan treatment within the month prior to or after enrolment.ResultsAt the baseline, average age of patients enrolled in the study was 68 years, and 23.9% (2099/8787) were female. At the baseline, the proportions of patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III symptoms were 30.9 (1288/4173), 42.8 (1974/4614), and 48.2% (1015/2108), in non‐S/V, S/V, and rS/V groups, respectively. After 12 months of treatment, the proportion of patients with NYHA Class III at baseline who improved to Class II was 32.0% (290/907) in the non‐S/V group vs. 46.3% (648/1399) in S/V group and 48.7% (349/717) in rS/V group. The overall mortality rate was 5.0 per 100 patient‐years. Rates of HF hospitalizations were high (20.9, 20.3, and 21.2 per 100 patient‐years in the non‐S/V, S/V, and rS/V groups, respectively). Emergency room visits without hospitalization occurred in 3.9, 3.2, and 3.9% of patients in the non‐S/V, S/V, and rS/V groups, respectively.ConclusionsThis large HFrEF European registry provides a contemporary outcome profile of outpatients with HFrEF treated with or without sacubitril/valsartan. In a real‐world setting, sacubitril/valsartan was associated with an improvement of symptoms in patients with HFrEF compared with the conventional HFrEF treatment.
N‐Iodosuccinimide (NIS) Promoted Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Disulfides Starting from Isothiocyanates Under Transition‐Metal‐Free Conditions
Authors: Yang Cheng‐Li , Xiao Hua‐Qing , Dong Zhi‐Bing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUnder transition‐metal‐free conditions, a series of unsymmetrical disulfides could be quickly and conveniently obtained by NIS (N‐Iodosuccinimide)‐promotion in one pot manner. This method features mild conditions, easy operation, short reaction time and wide substrate scopes. It's noteworthy that the desired products could be obtained in moderate to good yields from inexpensive and easily available starting materials, providing an alternative way to afford various unsymmetrical disulfides.
A deep and systematic review of the intrusion detection systems in the fog environment
Authors: Yi Lizhi , Yin Mei , Darbandi Mehdi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFog computing has arisen to complement cloud computing, offering a cost‐effective architecture to power the Internet of things. Fog computing is a network computing and service paradigm that expands cloud computing and services to the network's edge to solve the cloud's fundamental shortcomings, like a lack of location awareness, mobility, and latency. Besides, fog devices may have security issues because fog nodes are near end‐users and have limited computational power. As the linked devices in the Internet of things grow exponentially, so does the potential for cyber‐attack. Intrusion detection systems have been developed as a feasible tool for detecting and preventing harmful activity in this vein. This work used a systematic literature review to examine intrusion detection system approaches in a fog environment. By categorizing intrusion detection systems in the literature, we produce a review. An intrusion detection system's characteristic is early identification of an attack and the decrease of false alarms as a result. Some of the issues that these systems' designers will face are also discussed. Recall rate, detection rates, detection delay, and detection precision were the parameters that received the most attention. This report will serve as a roadmap for future network intrusion detection studies in fog computing.
Effects of white mulberry powder fortification on antioxidant activity, physicochemical, microbial and sensorial properties of yogurt produced from buffalo milk
Authors: Sheikh Sania , Siddique Farzana , Ameer Kashif , Ahmad Rabia Shabbir , Hameed Aneela , Ebad Asma , Mohamed Ahmed Isam A. , Shibli Sahar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects of sun‐dried white mulberry fruit powder (WMFP) at addition levels of 2%, 4%, and 6% for enhancing nutritional value and improving the quality of yogurt during refrigerated storage. Results showed that the highest (p < .05) antioxidant activity of 54.53 ± 0.15% was observed in 6% WMFP‐added yogurt samples. Highest pH of 4.53 ± 0.08 was observed in control. Significantly highest (p < .05) acidity (1.12 ± 0.02%) was recorded in the yogurt with 6% WMFP‐added yogurt samples on 28th day. Moreover, the addition of WMFP elevated the total soluble solids up to 20.05 ± 0.02 °Brix and water‐holding capacity up to 55.06 ± 0.34% and lessened the syneresis value (22.92 ± 0.25) in 6% yogurt samples. 2% WMFP‐added yogurt sample was given the highest sensory score in terms of overall acceptability by the panelists (8.00 ± 0.00). Thus, it was concluded that fruit powder of white mulberry can be used to improve physicochemical and sensory properties of fortified yogurt. WMFP addition to yogurt enhanced its antioxidant potential and physicochemical quality. The study introduces white mulberry‐enriched yogurt and suggests the food industries to launch this product in the market.
Systematic and Bibliometric Analysis of Magnetite Nanoparticles and Their Applications in (Biomedical) Research
Authors: Fleming Charlotte L. , Golzan Mojtaba , Gunawan Cindy , McGrath Kristine C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRecent reports show air pollutant magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Considering various field applications of MNPs because of developments in nanotechnology, the aim of this study is to identify major trends and data gaps in research on magnetite to allow for relevant environmental and health risk assessment. Herein, a bibliometric and systematic analysis of the published magnetite literature (n = 31 567) between 1990 to 2020 is completed. Following appraisal, publications (n = 244) are grouped into four time periods with the main research theme identified for each as 1990–1997 “oxides,” 1998–2005 “ferric oxide,” 2006–2013 “pathology,” and 2014–2020 “animal model.” Magnetite formation and catalytic activity dominate the first two time periods, with the last two focusing on the exploitation of nanoparticle engineering. Japan and China have the highest number of citations for articles published. Longitudinal analysis indicates that magnetite research for the past 30 years shifted from environmental and industrial applications, to biomedical and its potential toxic effects. Therefore, whilst this study presents the research profile of different countries, the development in research on MNPs, it also reveals that further studies on the effects of MNPs on human health is much needed.
Advances in research project IBUMECO2: project and process description, methodology, and goals expected
Authors: Gallego Fernández Luz M. , Estévez Esmeralda Portillo , Baena‐Moreno Francisco M. , Vilches Arena Luis F. , Rubia Benito Navarrete 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, the research project IBUMECO2 is presented for the first time. This project rises as a need to implement negative emissions technologies and circular economy approaches in our current energy production system. The overall goal of the project is the integration of CO2 capture and utilization in biogas upgrading plants in combination with membrane technology for solvent regeneration. The integration of CO2 capture and utilization in biogas upgrading plants is pivotal for two main reasons: (1) it allows to obtain biomethane, a potential substitute of natural gas; (2) the utilization of the CO2 contained in biogas makes the idea a negative emission technology. The implementation of membrane technology for solvent regeneration makes the process affordable and includes it in a circular economy framework. In this paper, the project and the process are deeply described, including potential technological improvements identified by a state‐of‐the‐art, the methodology and goals expected. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CD8+ T cell memory is sustained in mice by hepatic stellate cells
Authors: Chen Yi‐Ting , Su Yu‐Chia , Or Yee‐Ern , Cheng Chin‐Fu , Kung John T. 
Published: September 2022

Background and Aims:
Long‐lasting immunological memory is the ultimate goal of vaccination. Homeostatic maintenance of memory CD8+ cytotoxic T cells (MemCD8TCs) is thought to be mediated by IL‐15/IL‐15R heterodimer (15HD)‐expressing myeloid cells. Nonmyeloid hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) also express 15HD, but their role in maintaining MemCD8TC homeostasis is unknown.

Approach and Results:
We engineered a genetically engineered mouse in which IL‐15R complementary DNA (cDNA) had been inserted in‐frame with lecithin‐retinol acyltransferase gene and bred onto an IL‐15R‐KO (15R‐KO) genetic background (L15R) that expressed IL‐15R in HSCs at normal levels, but not in other liver cells. Outside of the liver of L15R mice, IL‐15R expression was found in a number of organs, but not in dendritic cells and macrophages. The low IL‐15R expression in the bone marrow (BM) of L15R mice was eliminated by the reconstitution of lethally‐irradiated L15R mice with 15R‐KO BM to generate L15RC mice. Because MemCD8TC maintenance is mediated by 15HD, not empty IL‐15R, 15HD content in L15R mice was determined and found for liver, lung, kidney, and heart. L15R and L15RC mice developed and maintained long‐lasting, systemic antigen‐specific MemCD8TCs that were efficacious against tumor growth and Listeria monocytogenes infection in an antigen‐specific manner. Among the four organs with 15HD content, liver‐associated MemCD8TCs were different from those found in the lung, kidney, and heart in two ways: (1) they were quantitatively the most numerous, and (2) they appeared uniquely in the form of clusters in a specialized structure, sinusoidal niches of the liver.

Conclusions:
The liver, the largest organ of the body, is endowed with the capability of effectuating long‐lasting functional cytotoxic T cell memory.
Experimental study on heat transfer augmentation in a double pipe heat exchanger utilizing jet vortex flow
Authors: Jawarneh Ali M. , Al‐Widyan Mohamad , Al‐Mashhadani Zain 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper examines experimentally the effect of jet vortex technology on enhancing the heat transfer rate within a double pipe heat exchanger by supplying the heat exchanger with water at different vortex strengths. A vortex generator with special inclined holes with different inlet angles was designed, manufactured, and integrated within the heat exchanger. In this study, four levels of Reynolds number for hot water in the annulus (Reh) were used, namely, 10,000; 14,500; 18,030; and 19,600. Similarly, four levels of Reynolds number for cold water in the inner tube (Rec) were used, namely, 12,000; 17,500; 22,500; and 29,000. As for the inlet flow angle (θ), four different levels were selected, namely, 0°, 30°, 45°, and 60°. The temperature along the heat exchanger was measured utilizing 34 thermocouples installed along the heat exchanger. It was found that increasing the inlet flow angle (θ) and/or the Reynolds number results in an increase in the local Nusselt number, the overall heat transfer coefficient, and the ratio of friction factor. It is revealed that the percentage increase in the average Nusselt number due to swirl flow compared to axial flow was 10%, 40%, and 82% for an inlet flow angle of 30°, 45°, and 60°, respectively.
Measuring population‐level cure patterns for cancer patients in the United States
Authors: Xia Changfa , Yu Xue Qin , Chen Wanqing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWhile the life expectancy of cancer survivors has substantially improved over time in the United States, the extent to which cancer patients are cured is not known. Population‐level cure patterns are important indicators to quantify cancer survivorships. This population‐based cohort study included 8978,721 cancer patients registered in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) databases between 1975 and 2018. The primary outcome was cure fractions. Five‐year cure probability, time to cure and median survival time of uncured cases were also assessed. All four measures were calculated using flexible parametric models, according to 46 cancer sites, three summary stages, individual age and calendar year at diagnosis. In 2018, cure fractions ranged from 2.7% for distant liver cancer to 100.0% for localized/regional prostate cancer. Localized cancer had the highest cure fraction, followed by regional cancer and distant cancer. Except for localized breast cancer, older patients generally had lower cure fractions. There were 38 cancer site and stage combinations (31.2%) that achieved 95% of cure within 5 years. Median survival time of the uncured cases ranged from 0.3 years for distant liver cancer to 10.9 years for localized urinary bladder cancer. A total of 117 cancer site and stage combinations (93.6%) had increased cure fraction over time. A considerable proportion of cancer patients were cured at the population‐level, and the cure patterns varied substantially across cancer site, stage and age at diagnosis. Increases in cure fractions over time likely reflected advances in cancer treatment and early detection.
Effects of classification, feature selection, and resampling methods on bankruptcy prediction of small and medium‐sized enterprises
Authors: Papíková Lenka , Papík Mário 
Published: September 2022

SummarySmall and medium‐sized enterprises are the pillars of an economy, and their poor performance has a negative impact on living standards of population and country development. This study analyzes real‐life data of 89,851 small and medium‐sized enterprises, out of which 295 have declared bankruptcy. The analysis is performed via 27 financial ratios. The study framework combines seven classifications and three resampling and seven feature selection methods. Out of all classification methods applied, CatBoost has achieved the best results for all combinations of resampling and feature selection methods. CatBoost surpassed the results of other classification methods for the area under curve parameter, achieving a value of 99.95%. The application of resampling methods on different classification models has not identified a statistically significant level of improvement in any of the resampling methods. This finding has also been observed for feature selection methods. Based on these findings, we assume that individual resampling and feature selection methods do not improve model performance compared with the original imbalanced sample's results. Our results suggest that, even though the data sample may be significantly imbalanced with a minority of bankrupt companies, most classification algorithms can handle this imbalance and achieve interesting results. Moreover, our findings provide broad practical application for all stakeholders who could need to detect bankrupting companies.
In Silico Modeling for Ex Vivo Placental Transfer of Morphine
Authors: Ho Harvey , Zhang Shengjie , Kurosawa Ken , Chiba Koji 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMorphine may be administered in pregnant women as an analgesic agent. The transplacental pharmacokinetics (PK) of morphine varies during pregnancy because of physiological and metabolic changes. In this work, we use a multi‐compartment model to simulate ex vivo human placental transfer studies of morphine. The computational model is based on a recently published model for metformin with both passive and active transport kinetics. Modifications were made to incorporate morphine‐specific transfer parameters. Parameters for the PK models were determined via the nonlinear regression method. In addition, the Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) method was used for the global parameter analysis of the model. Simulation results show good agreement between the model and observed fetal and maternal morphine concentrations. In addition, the lower efflux of morphine from fetal to maternal plasma reflects reduced P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) transport as pregnancy progresses, which leads to slower clearance of morphine in the maternal plasma. The LHS analysis also indicates the more significant roles played by the passive diffusion parameters than the active transport parameter on the fetal/maternal morphine concentrations. In conclusion, we used an in silico model to investigate the transplacental properties of morphine and to predict the in vivo transplacental properties of morphine when PK parameters change.
The Use of Pregnancy Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling for Renally Cleared Drugs
Authors: Coppola Paola , Kerwash Essam , Cole Susan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPhysiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling (PBPK) could be used to predict changes in exposure during pregnancy and possibly inform medicine use in pregnancy in situations where there are currently no available clinical data. The Medicines and Healthcare Product Regulatory Agency has been evaluating the available models for a number of medicines cleared by the kidney. Models were evaluated for ceftazidime, cefuroxime, metformin, oseltamivir, and amoxicillin. Because the passive renal process contributes significantly to the renal elimination of these drugs and changes of the process during pregnancy have been implemented in existing pregnancy physiology models, simulations using these models can reasonably describe the pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime changes during pregnancy and appears to generally capture the changes in the other medicines; however, there are insufficient data on drugs solely passively cleared to fully qualify the models. In addition, in many cases, active transport processes are involved in a drug's renal clearance. Knowledge of changes in renal transport functions during pregnancy is emerging, and incorporation of such changes in current physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling software is a work in progress. Filling this gap is expected to further enhance predictive performance of the models and increase the confidence in predicting pharmacokinetic changes in pregnant women for other renally cleared drugs.