bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dancing in local space: rolling hoop orbital amplification combined with local cascade nanozyme catalytic system to achieve ultra-sensitive detection of exosomal miRNA
Authors: Gao Xin , Wu Haiping , Li Yujian , Zhang Lu , Song Mingxuan , Fu Xuhuai , Chen Rui , Ding Shijia , Zeng Jiawei , Li Jia , Liu Ping 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe exosomal miRNA (exo-miRNA) derived from tumor cells contains rich biological information that can effectively aid in the early diagnosis of disease. However, the extremely low abundance imposes stringent requirements for accurate detection techniques. In this study, a novel, protease-free DNA amplification strategy, known as “Rolling Hoop Orbital Amplification” (RHOA), was initially developed based on the design concept of local reaction and inspired by the childhood game of rolling iron ring. Benefiting from the local space constructed by the DNA orbital, the circular DNA enzyme rolls directionally and interacts efficiently with the amplification element, making it nearly 3-fold more productive than conventional free-diffusion amplification. Similarly, the localized cascade nanozyme catalytic system formed by bridging DNA probes also exhibits outperformed than free ones. Therefore, a localized energized high-performance electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor was constructed by bridging cascading nanozymes on the electrode surface through DNA probes generated by RHOA, with an impressive limit of detection (LOD) of 1.5 aM for the detection of exosomal miRNA15a-5p and a stable linearity over a wide concentration range from 10− 2 to 108 fM. Thus, this work is a focused attempt at the localized reaction, which is expected to provide a reliable method for accurately detecting of exo-miRNAs.
Graphical Abstract
Development of shortened HIV-related stigma scales for young people living with HIV and young people affected by HIV in India
Authors: Marbaniang Ivan , Borse Rohidas , Sangle Shashikala , Kinikar Aarti , Chavan Amol , Nimkar Smita , Suryavanshi Nishi , Mave Vidya 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
HIV-related stigma is associated with poor quality of life and poor healthcare-seeking behaviours in young people living with HIV (YPLHIV) and young people affected by HIV (YPAHIV). India has an estimated 120,000 YPLHIV and 4 million YPAHIV, but efforts to measure HIV-related stigma in them are sparse, impeded by the lack of measuring instruments. Here, we describe the development of the Pune HIV-Stigma Scale (PHSS) and modified-PHSS to measure HIV-related stigma among YPLHIV and YPAHIV, respectively, in India.

Methods
We used data from a mental health study for YPLHIV and YPAHIV aged 15–25 years, conducted at Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College & Sassoon General Hospitals, Pune, India, between August 2018 and June 2021. Findings from multiple confirmatory factor analyses and cognitive interviews guided the development of the 12-item PHSS. The modified-PHSS was developed by confirming the structure of the PHSS for YPAHIV. Convergent validity with Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) and UCLA Loneliness scales was assessed using Spearman’s correlation coefficients.

Results
Model fit indices were good for both the PHSS (χ2 = 65.0, df = 48, p value: 0.052; root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA): 0.054; comparative fit index (CLI): 0.980; Tucker–Lewis index (TLI): 0.972; and standardized root mean square residual (SRMR): 0.067), and the modified-PHSS (χ2 = 56.9, df = 48, p value: 0.176; RMSEA: 0.045; CLI: 0.983; TFI: 0.976, and SRMR: 0.078). Spearman’s correlation coefficients indicated low to moderate convergent validity (ρ: 0.03–0.52) across different subscales of the PHSS and modified-PHSS. Cronbach’s alpha for the PHSS was 0.82 and for the modified-PHSS 0.81.

Conclusion
We developed the first scales to measure HIV-related stigma among YPLHIV and YPAHIV in India. These concise scales can facilitate measurement of HIV-related stigma more frequently in research studies. We recommend that they be tested in different Indian languages.
IGF2BP1-regulated expression of ERRα is involved in metabolic reprogramming of chemotherapy resistant osteosarcoma cells
Authors: He Qing , Hao Peng , He Gang , Mai Hantao , Liu Wenzhou , Zhang Weiqiong , Zhang Kelin , Zhong Guifang , Guo Ruilian , Yu Changzhi , Li Yang , Wong Chipiu , Chen Qian , Chen Yantao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDoxorubicin (Dox) is the standard treatment approach for osteosarcoma (OS), while acquired drug resistance seriously attenuates its treatment efficiency. The present study aimed to investigate the potential roles of metabolic reprogramming and the related regulatory mechanism in Dox-resistant OS cells. The results showed that the ATP levels, lactate generation, glucose consumption and oxygen consumption rate were significantly increased in Dox-resistant OS cells compared with parental cells. Furthermore, the results revealed that the increased expression of estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) was involved in metabolic reprogramming in chemotherapy resistant OS cells, since targeted inhibition of ERRα restored the shifting of metabolic profiles. Mechanistic analysis indicated that the mRNA stability, rather than ERRα transcription was markedly increased in chemoresistant OS cells. Therefore, it was hypothesized that the 3ʹ-untranslated region of ERRα mRNA was methylated by N6-methyladenine, which could further recruit insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) to suppress mRNA decay and increase mRNA stability. IGF2BP1 knockdown downregulated ERRα and reversed the metabolic alteration of resistant OS cells. Additionally, the oncogenic effect of the IGF2BP1/ERRα axis on Dox-resistant OS cells was verified by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Clinical analysis also revealed that the expression levels of IGF2BP1 and ERRα were associated with the clinical progression of OS. Collectively, the current study suggested that the IGF2BP1/ERRα axis could regulate metabolic reprogramming to contribute to the chemoresistance of OS cells.
What is polypharmacy in people living with HIV/AIDS? A systematic review
Authors: Danjuma Mohammed Ibn-Mas’ud , Khan Safah , Wahbeh Farah , Naseralallah Lina Mohammad , Jumbo Unwam E. , Elzouki Abdelnaser 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPolypharmacy in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is a rising morbidity that exacts hefty economic burden on health budgets in addition to other adverse clinical outcomes. Despite recent advances, uncertainty remains around its exact definition in PLWHA. In this systematic review and Meta-analysis, we explored relevant databases (PUBMED, EMBASE, CROI) for studies evaluating polypharmacy in PLWHA from January 2000 to August 2021 to ascertain the exact numerical threshold that defines this morbidity. Two independent reviewers extracted and reviewed relevant variables for analyses. The review included a total of 31 studies involving n = 53,347 participants with a mean age of 49.5 (SD ± 17.0) years. There was a total of 36 definitions, with 93.5% defining polypharmacy as the concomitant use of 5 or more medications. We found significant variation in the numerical definition of polypharmacy, with studies reporting it as “minor” (N = 3); “major” (N = 29); “severe” (N = 2); “excessive” (N = 1); and “higher” (N = 1). Most studies did not incorporate a duration (84%) in their definition and excluded ART medications (67.7%). A plurality of studies in PLWHA have established that polypharmacy in this cohort of patients is the intake of ≥ 5 medications (including both ART and non-ART). To standardize the approach to addressing this rising morbidity, we recommend incorporation of this definition into national and international PLWHA treatment guidelines.
Identification of stage-related and severity-related biomarkers and exploration of immune landscape for Dengue by comprehensive analyses
Authors: Xiong Nan , Sun Qiangming 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
At present, there are still no specific therapeutic drugs and appropriate vaccines for Dengue. Therefore, it is important to explore distinct clinical diagnostic indicators.

Methods
In this study, we combined differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis, weighted co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and Receiver Operator Characteristic Curve (ROC) to screen a stable and robust biomarker with diagnosis value for Dengue patients. CIBERSORT was used to evaluate immune landscape of Dengue patients. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis and Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were applied to explore potential functions of hub genes.

Results
CD38 and Plasma cells have excellent Area Under the Curve (AUC) in distinguishing clinical stages for Dengue patients, and activated memory CD4+ T cells and Monocytes have good AUC for this function. ZNF595 has acceptable AUC in discriminating dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) from dengue fever (DF) in whole acute stages. Analyzing any serotype, we can obtain consistent results. Negative inhibition of viral replication based on GO, KEGG and GSEA analysis results, up-regulated autophagy genes and the impairing immune system are potential reasons resulting in DHF.

Conclusions
CD38, Plasma cells, activated memory CD4+ T cells and Monocytes can be used to distinguish clinical stages for dengue patients, and ZNF595 can be used to discriminate DHF from DF, regardless of serotypes.

Graphical abstract
Application of the sliding window method and Mask-RCNN method to nuclear recognition in oral cytology
Authors: Mitate Eiji , Inoue Kirin , Sato Retsushi , Shimomoto Youichi , Ohba Seigo , Ogata Kinuko , Sakai Tomoya , Ohno Jun , Yamamoto Ikuo , Asahina Izumi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
We aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted oral cytology method, similar to cervical cytology. We focused on the detection of cell nuclei because the ratio of cell nuclei to cytoplasm increases with increasing cell malignancy. As an initial step in the development of AI-assisted cytology, we investigated two methods for the automatic detection of cell nuclei in blue-stained cells in cytopreparation images.

Methods
We evaluated the usefulness of the sliding window method (SWM) and mask region-based convolutional neural network (Mask-RCNN) in identifying the cell nuclei in oral cytopreparation images. Thirty cases of liquid-based oral cytology were analyzed. First, we performed the SWM by dividing each image into 96 × 96 pixels. Overall, 591 images with or without blue-stained cell nuclei were prepared as the training data and 197 as the test data (total: 1,576 images). Next, we performed the Mask-RCNN by preparing 130 images of Class II and III lesions and creating mask images showing cell regions based on these images.

Results
Using the SWM method, the highest detection rate for blue-stained cells in the evaluation group was 0.9314. For Mask-RCNN, 37 cell nuclei were identified, and 1 cell nucleus was identified as a non-nucleus after 40 epochs (error rate:0.027).

Conclusions
Mask-RCNN is more accurate than SWM in identifying the cell nuclei. If the blue-stained cell nuclei can be correctly identified automatically, the entire cell morphology can be grasped faster, and the diagnostic performance of cytology can be improved.
Efficacy of cognitive remediation on activities of daily living in individuals with mild cognitive impairment or early-stage dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tulliani Nikki , Bissett Michelle , Fahey Paul , Bye Rosalind , Liu Karen P. Y. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Instrumental activities of daily living are essential for ageing well and independent living. Little is known about the effectiveness of cognitive remediation on instrumental activities of daily living performance for individuals with mild cognitive impairment or early-stage dementia. The objective of this study was to evaluate the immediate and long-term carryover effects of cognitive remediation on improving or maintaining instrumental activities of daily living performance in older adults with mild cognitive impairment and early-stage dementia.

Methods
Randomized controlled trials published from 2009 to 2022 were identified in OvidSP versions of MEDLINE and Embase, EBSCO versions of CINAHL and PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. A narrative synthesis of the findings was reported on the outcomes of the included studies. Relevant data was extracted and analysed using R software’s ‘metafor’ package with a random effect model with 95% CI.

Results
Thirteen studies, totalling 1414 participants, were identified in the narrative analysis. The results of meta-analysis, inclusive of 11 studies, showed that cognitive remediation elicited a significant improvement in the instrumental activities of daily living performance (SMD: 0.17, 95% CI 0.03–0.31). There was insufficient evidence of any lasting effect.

Discussion
Cognitive remediation is effective in improving instrumental activities of daily living performance immediately post-intervention in older adults with mild cognitive impairment and early-stage dementia. It appears that individualized interventions with a short duration, such as 10 hours, might be beneficial.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42016042364
Developing and evaluating a pollination systems knowledge assessment in a multidisciplinary course
Authors: Jimenez P. Citlally , Golick Doug , Couch Brian A. , Dauer Jenny M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough pollinators play an integral role in human well-being, their continued global decline reflects the need to provide and evaluate general pollinator knowledge to promote their conservation. Enhancing learners’ understanding of the complexity inherent in pollination systems within the science classroom may help them make more informed decisions regarding pollinator conservation actions. By measuring conceptual understanding of pollination systems, science educators can identify learners’ knowledge needs and inform their teaching in science classrooms. Based on previously developed theoretical frameworks describing pollination systems knowledge, we created and evaluated a new instrument to assess pollination systems and conservation actions knowledge. The Pollination Systems Knowledge Assessment (PSKA) is a multiple-true–false instrument containing 18 question stems and 70 accompanying T–F items encompassing three organizational components of pollination knowledge regarding (1) plant structures, (2) pollinator structures and behaviors, and (3) pollination systems function and pollinator conservation.ResultsWe refined the PSKA based on expert discussions, think-aloud interviews, and pilot testing before and after presenting a wild pollinator conservation unit within a postsecondary science literacy course. The PSKA elucidated learners’ misconceptions and revealed discriminating items from the three organizational components of pollination systems knowledge.ConclusionsThe PSKA may aid educators in exploring learners’ conceptual understanding, identifying areas of misconceptions, and refining educational programming aimed at improving learners’ pollination systems knowledge.
Effect of short-term educational intervention on complementary feeding index among infants in rural Bangladesh: a randomized control trial
Authors: Rahman Aminur , Bhuiyan Mohammad Badrul , Das Sumon Kumar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundTimely, adequate and appropriate Complementary Feeding (CF) is essential for the growth and cognitive development of infants, but until today, evidence-based information is scarce in terms of impact evaluation of CF index (CFI). The study aimed to examine the effect of the short-term intervention of promoting CF practices on the nutritional status of infants in rural Bangladesh.MethodsAn educational-intervention study followed a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design (NCT03024710). Mothers and family members in the intervention arm received intensive counselling on CF through community health workers (CHWs), whereas existing healthcare services were received in the comparison arm. The study was carried out in the rural Matlab sub-district of Bangladesh between April 2011 and March 2013. In the specified study areas among 360 mother-infant pairs systematically assigned into intervention group and comparison group. Short-term educational intervention on CF was provided for the intervention group and existing services were un-intervened for the comparison group. The outcome of interventions was evaluated after the implementation period using Generalized equation estimation model.ResultsAt baseline, the study participants were not different except mean height (p = 0.04), weight-for-age Z score (WAZ) (p = 0.03) and religion (p = 0.04) in between two groups. The mean CFI was significantly higher at intervention area than the comparison and higher category of CFI (score 10 or more) was significantly higher at intervention area than comparison. After adjustment, one-unit CFI increased height-for-age z score by 0.07 units and decreased WAZ by 0.13 units in the intervention group but not significantly changed observed at comparison group.ConclusionGuided short-term nutritional intervention and developed CFI indicated a significantly better score in intervention area than comparison groups and would be a well adaptable tool for future studies.Trial registrationThe trial was registered (NCT03024710) at clinical trial registration website. Date of registration: 1/19/2017.Name of the registry:Clinical Trial.gov.Date of registration:19/1/2017 (retrospective registered).URL of trial:https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03024710
Protocol of trans-Tasman feasibility randomised controlled trial of the Younger Women’s Wellness After Breast Cancer (YWWACP) lifestyle intervention
Authors: Sharples K. , Vear N. K. , Porter-Steele J. , Anderson D. J. , Moeke-Maxwell T. H. , Laing B. B. , Young L. , Bailey T. G. , Benge S. , Huang Y. , Crowley E. , Day R. , Cartwright R. , Findlay M. , Porter D. , Kuper M. , Campbell I. , McCarthy A. L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Younger women (defined as those < 50 years who are likely pre-menopausal at time of diagnosis) with breast cancer often experience persistent treatment-related side effects that adversely affect their physical and psychological wellbeing. The Women’s Wellness After Cancer Program (WWACP) was adapted and piloted in Australia to address these outcomes in younger women. The aims of this feasibility study are to determine (1) the potential to translate the Younger WWACP (YWWACP) intervention to a broader population base in Aotearoa/New Zealand and Australia, and (2) the potential for success of a larger, international, phase ΙΙΙ, randomised controlled trial.

Methods
This bi-national, randomised, single-blinded controlled trial involves two main study sites in Aotearoa/New Zealand (Kōwhai study) and Australia (EMERALD study). Young women aged 18 to 50 years who completed intensive treatment (surgery, chemotherapy, and/or radiotherapy) for breast cancer in the previous 24 months are eligible. The potential to translate the YWWACP to women in these two populations will be assessed according to several feasibility outcomes. These include examining intervention accessibility, acceptability and uptake; intervention sustainability and adherence; the prevalence components of the intervention in the control group; intervention efficacy; participants’ perception of measurement burden; the effectiveness of planned recruitment strategies; and trial methods and procedures. The studies collectively aim to enrol 60 participants in the intervention group and 60 participants in the control group (total = 120 participants).

Discussion
Ethical approval has been received from the Southern Health and Disability Ethics Committee (Kōwhai ref: 19/STH/215), and UnitingCare Human Research Ethics Committee (EMERALD ref: 202103). This study will provide important data on the feasibility of the refined YWWACP in the trans-Tasman context. This study will account for and harmonise cross-country differences to ensure the success of a proposed international grant application for a phase ΙΙΙ randomised controlled trial of this program to improve outcomes in younger women living with breast cancer.

Trial registration
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): Kōwhai ACTRN12620000260921, registered on 27 February 2020. EMERALD ACTRN12621000447853, registered on 19 April 2021.
Co-designing a cancer care intervention: reflections of participants and a doctoral researcher on roles and contributions
Authors: Tanay Mary Anne Lagmay , Armes Jo , Oakley Catherine , Sage Lesley , Tanner Deb , Roca Jose , Bryson Liz , Greenall Barbara , Urwin Lauren , Wyatt Toni , Robert Glenn 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Patient and Public Involvement is most usually framed in the context of designing, conducting and/or disseminating research. Participatory methods such as Experience-Based Co-Design (EBCD) further allow service users to directly engage in developing, testing and implementing interventions and services alongside healthcare staff. This paper aims to explore how participants in an EBCD project came—over time—to perceive their role and involvement in co-designing a cancer care intervention.

Methods
The findings are based on our reflections, a research diary, email correspondence and fieldnotes from co-design events. Co-design participants who attended most of the ten co-design events took part through written reflections or audio-recorded video calls. Ten reflective pieces were collected from clinicians (n = 4), PPI group members/patient participants (n = 4), a doctoral researcher (n = 1) and a visual illustrator (n = 1). Inductive data analysis of participant reflections was carried out using reflexive thematic analysis. Meeting fieldnotes, email correspondence and the researcher’s diary were deductively analysed using the initial themes generated from this inductive analysis.

Results
Five main themes were identified: (1) changing perception of roles during the co-design process, (2) defining a ‘co-designer’, (3) engagement and ownership, (4) role of the research facilitator in maintaining momentum, and (5) perceived benefits of involvement.

Conclusion
Our findings show the changing perceptions of roles and contributions among participants over time. Patients typically described their role as co-designers in terms simply of sharing their experiences. In contrast, clinicians perceived themselves as co-designers because they were working with patients who were actively involved in decision-making. Levels of engagement were affected by several factors such as time and facilitation, but most participants came to view themselves as co-owners of the intervention. Overall, participants perceived their involvement as a positive experience with clinicians also reporting wider positive impacts on their clinical practice.