bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aplikasi Keuangan Fiskal Umar Bin Khattab Di Indonesia
Authors: Rusli Siri  , Abdullah M. Wahyuddin 
Published: September 2022

Umar memimpin dengan hasil yang gemilang, baik dikarenakan panglima maupun kebijakan khalifah. Kebijakan fiskal Umar Bin Khattab sarat dengan prinsip kemaslahatan memberi manfaat terhadap rakyatnya. Kemiskinan semakin berkurang, serta kesejahteraan pegawai terjamin. Umar Bin Khattab adalah sosok pemimpin yang mampu menggabungkan antara pengetahuan teoritis dan pengalaman praktis mengenai kekayaan Negara dalam kebijakan fiskal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriftif dengan mengumpulkan data-data baik dari buku-buku seperti buku sejarah pemikiran ekonomi Islam, jejak langkah sejarah pemikiran ekonomi Umar Bin Al Khattab, dan kitab-kitab seperti ijtihad Umar bin Khattab. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa Umar merupakan pemimpin yang menjadi panutan bukan hanya dalam pemerintahan, akan tetapi mengelola keuangan negara juga menjadi panutan. Sebab banyak pemimpin saat ini yang mengambil kebijakan fiskal tidak memihak kepada kemaslahatan umat, justru tidak banyak memperkaya dirinya dan koleganya. Berbeda dengan pemerintahan Umar. Hampir tidak ada permasalahan fiskal yang tidak dapat diselesaikan. Umar selalu mempunyai kemampuan untuk mengatasi setiap permasalahan yang muncul. Meskipun permasalahan itu sangat sulit, akan tetapi Umar selalu memiliki semangat yang tinggi dan strategi yang jitu untuk mengatasinya.
Dalam pandangan Umar, pemberian bagian zakat kepada golongan muallaf pada awalnya adalah dilakukan karena melihat yang ada pada saat itu, yaitu kondisi mental para muallaf yang masih rawan untuk dapat kembali berbuat tidak baik kepada kelompok Islam, yang saat itu juga masih dalam kondisi lemah. Oleh karenanya, kelompok ini perlu untuk diberikan. Akan tetapi menurut Umar, ketika kondisi umat Islam telah mampu mandiri dan dalam kondisi sangat kuat, maka pemberian tersebut adalah tidak perlu dilakukan, dan hal ini dilakukannya merupakan sebagai bagian dari siasat politik yang diterapkannya untuk memperkuat pemerintahan Islam saat itu. Kebijakan fiskal Umar semata-mata didasarkan pada maslahah. Kebijakan fiskal sejalan dengan Alquran dan Sunnah. Dalam memimpin, Umar meminta pendapat para sahabat yang lain ketika dihadapkan masalah yang itu memerlukan pendapat sahabat. Pemikiran Umar selangkah lebih maju dalam hal perekonomian pada era itu. Kemajuan salah satunya bidang kebijakan fiskal seperti masalah penggajian. Kebijakan mengenai gaji kepala Negara dan tentara merupakan hal yang baru. Karena pada zaman Rasul dan Abu Bakar belum pernah melakukan penggajian kepada Kepala Negara dan Tentara. Ini merupakan tanda yang menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan fiskal Islam pada zaman Umar lebih maju.
MANAJEMEN RESIKO KEPEMIMPINAN STUDI KASUS PT ASURANSI JIWA MANULIFE INDONESIA
Authors: Simalango Dameria , Suwandaru Rachman 
Published: September 2022

PT. Asuransi Jiwa Manulife adalah salah satu perusahaan jasa yang bergerak dalam bidang asuransi , dimana PT Asuransi Jiwa Manulife ini sudah melebarkan sayapnya di Indonesia dengan bekerja sama dengan beberapa perusahaan khususnya perbankan di Indonesia . Sehingga karyawan – karyawannya terdiri dari orang yang berkompeten sehingga dapat bekerja sesuai dengan visi misi perusahaan sekaligus mempunyai peran sebagai ujung tombak pemasaran asuransi. Untuk itu di butuhkan pemimpin yang mampu untuk mengkoordinir para bawahannya agar mampu mencapai visi dan misi perusahaan . Dimana pemimpin memiliki tugas dan tanggung jawab yang sangat besar dalam sebuah organisasi ataupun pekerjaannya . Pemimpin merupakan seorang yang positif dan penuh percaya diri yang memiliki visi, misi dan nilai etika yang tinggi, dengan kemampuan menyampaikan gagasan dan mampu dalam rangka mendorong dan berhubungan baik dengan orang lain. Tanpa adanya seorang pemimpin dalam organisasi , maka suatu organisasi tidak dapat tergorganisir dengan baik dan tidak akan efektif dalam pelaksanaannya . Oleh sebab itu , di butuhkan manajemen resiko yang baik , agar dalam pelaksanaannya dapat berjalan dengan baik dan mampu mengidentifikasi, mengukur, dan mengontrol berbagai risiko yang akan dihadapi
Perbedaan Literasi Keuangan Syariah Berdasarkan Gender (Studi Kasus Fakultas Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Islam Iain Palopo Angkatan 2016-2017)
Authors: Suryati Suryati , Renaldi Renaldi , HR Desi 
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan literasi keuangan syariah berdasarkan gender (Studi Kasus Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam IAIN Palopo Angkatan 2016-2017). Dengan menggunakan Uji Mann Whitney Wilcoxon dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 162 responden. Dengan teknik yang digunakan dalam pengambilan sampel adalah Purposive Sampling. Hasil analisis dengan menggunakan uji mann whitney wilcoxon menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan literasi keuangan syariah mahasiswa berdasarkan gender Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam IAIN Palopo Angkatan 2016-2017. ini mengindikasikan bahwa gender yang berbeda tidak menentukan adanya perbedaan literasi keuangan syariah mahasiswa.
Peran Dinas Kesehatan Dalam Koordinasi Dan Pembangunan Penyediaan Air Minum Sanitasi Berbasis Masyarakat
Authors: Rusnaini Sasmita , Zulkifli Zulkifli , Darmawanto Darmawanto , Poiran Poiran , Elsyra Nova , Hamirul Hamirul 
Published: September 2022

The problem of clean water today is a concern in all regions including the Bungo Regency and this study aims to determine the role of the Health Office in the development of community-based water supply and sanitation. By using a descriptive method of qualitative approach and data collection techniques by interviewing informants as many as 17 people. With the results of the study of the Role of the Bungo District Health Office in the Regency of Bungo in evaluating the sources of community-based drinking water supply and the construction of Pamsimas. In accordance with the regulations and main tasks. There are still many community-based sources of drinking water whose quality is beyond the supervision of the Bungo District Health Office. In carrying out the implementation of supervising community-based drinking water supply the Bungo District Health Office is less than optimal, there are barriers such as inadequate human resources, with a less than optimal number of officers, facilities and infrastructure that have not supported good service. Obstacles faced by the Bungo District Health Office, there have been several attempts to overcome constraints, some of which have been carried out such as: Health Office, Applying to Bungo District Regent. In order to issue a circular letter to Rio and Lurah. Stopping Open Defecation is signed by Minister of Health, Governor and Regent, Public Works Agency, proposing additional personnel and proposing additional budget funds
Pengaruh Good Corporate Governance Terhadap Financial Reporting Quality dimoderasi oleh Ukuran Perusahaan
Authors: Perdana noor fawzi Adhitya , Carolina Yenni 
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah Good Corporate Governance yang diproksikan melalui kepemilikan institusional, kepemilikan manejerial, komisaris independen, terhadap Kualitas Pelaporan Keuangan memiliki pengaruh. Selain itu untuk menguji secara empiris apakah ukuran perusahaan dapat memoderasi hubungan GCG. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI sebanyak 44 perusahaan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kausal dengan menggunakan data sekunder. Alat analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan MRA (Moderated Analysis Regression) dengan alat bantu aplikasi SPSS. Bersumber pada hasil penelitian ini Kepemilikan Institusional, Kepemilikan Manajerial, dan Dewan Komisaris Independen dengan dimoderasi Ukuran Perusahaan secara bersamaan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Financial Reporting Quality pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2019-2020. Secara terpisah, variabel Kepemilikan Institusional, Kepemilikan Manajerial tidak berpengaruh terhadap kualitas pelaporan keuangan. Sedangkan variabel dewan komisaris independent berpengaruh terhadap kualitas pelaporan keuangan.
Optimalisasi Pembelajaran Anak Usia Dini di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Afif Nur , Nur Qowwim Agus 
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali dan memperoleh informasi tentang perubahan metode pembelajaran guru serta peran aktif orang tua dimasa pendemi covid-19. Perubahan metode mengajar dari tatap muka of line menjadi jarak jauh of line telah menyadarkan insan pendidik juga orang tua bahwa telah terjadi perubahan sistem pembelajaran secara masif. Perubahan ini jika tidak disikapi dengan bijak makan akan mereduksi makna dan hasil pendidikan yang diselenggaran dalam kuru satu sentengah tahun ini.
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif naratif, model ini peneliti ambil agar dapat memotret dan mendeskripsikan fakta dan temuan yang dipadukan dengan berbagi literatur yang sesuai dengan judul penelitian. Dengan pendekatan ini diharapkan peneltitian ini dapat menggambarkan secara objektif tentang optimalisasi pembelajaran anak usia dini dimasa pandemi covid-19.
Association of Residual Ductal Carcinoma In Situ With Breast Cancer Recurrence in the Neoadjuvant I-SPY2 Trial
Authors: Osdoit Marie , Yau Christina , Symmans W. Fraser , Boughey Judy C. , Ewing Cheryl A. , Balassanian Ron , Chen Yunn-Yi , Krings Gregor , Wallace Anne M , Zare Somaye , Fadare Oluwole , Lancaster Rachael , Wei Shi , Godellas Constantine V. , Tang Ping , Tuttle Todd M , Klein Molly , Sahoo Sunati , Hieken Tina J. , Carter Jodi M. , Chen Beiyun , Ahrendt Gretchen , Tchou Julia , Feldman Michael , Tousimis Eleni , Zeck Jay , Jaskowiak Nora , Sattar Husain , Naik Arpana M. , Lee Marie Catherine , Rosa Marilin , Khazai Laila , Rendi Mara H. , Lang Julie E. , Lu Janice , Tawfik Ossama , Asare Smita M. , Esserman Laura J. , Mukhtar Rita A. 
Published: September 2022

ImportancePathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer strongly correlates with overall survival and has become the standard end point in neoadjuvant trials. However, there is controversy regarding whether the definition of pCR should exclude or permit the presence of residual ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).ObjectiveTo examine the association of residual DCIS in surgical specimens after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer with survival end points to inform standards for the assessment of pathologic complete response.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThe study team analyzed the association of residual DCIS after NAC with 3-year event-free survival (EFS), distant recurrence-free survival (DRFS), and local-regional recurrence (LRR) in the I-SPY2 trial, an adaptive neoadjuvant platform trial for patients with breast cancer at high risk of recurrence. This is a retrospective analysis of clinical specimens and data from the ongoing I-SPY2 adaptive platform trial of novel therapeutics on a background of standard of care for early breast cancer. I-SPY2 participants are adult women diagnosed with stage II/III breast cancer at high risk of recurrence.InterventionsParticipants were randomized to receive taxane and anthracycline-based neoadjuvant therapy with or without 1 of 10 investigational agents, followed by definitive surgery.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe presence of DCIS and EFS, DRFS, and LRR.ResultsThe study team identified 933 I-SPY2 participants (aged 24 to 77 years) with complete pathology and follow-up data. Median follow-up time was 3.9 years; 337 participants (36%) had no residual invasive disease (residual cancer burden 0, or pCR). Of the 337 participants with pCR, 70 (21%) had residual DCIS, which varied significantly by tumor-receptor subtype; residual DCIS was present in 8.5% of triple negative tumors, 15.6% of hormone-receptor positive tumors, and 36.6% of ERBB2-positive tumors. Among those participants with pCR, there was no significant difference in EFS, DRFS, or LRR based on presence or absence of residual DCIS.Conclusions and RelevanceThe analysis supports the definition of pCR as the absence of invasive disease after NAC regardless of the presence or absence of DCIS.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01042379.
Neurocompositional computing: From the Central Paradox of Cognition to a new generation of AI systems
Authors: Smolensky Paul , McCoy Richard Thomas , Fernandez Roland , Goldrick Matthew , Gao Jianfeng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWhat explains the dramatic progress from 20th‐century to 21st‐century AI, and how can the remaining limitations of current AI be overcome? The widely accepted narrative attributes this progress to massive increases in the quantity of computational and data resources available to support statistical learning in deep artificial neural networks. We show that an additional crucial factor is the development of a new type of computation. Neurocompositional computing adopts two principles that must be simultaneously respected to enable human‐level cognition: the principles of Compositionality and Continuity. These have seemed irreconcilable until the recent mathematical discovery that compositionality can be realized not only through discrete methods of symbolic computing, but also through novel forms of continuous neural computing. The revolutionary recent progress in AI has resulted from the use of limited forms of neurocompositional computing. New, deeper forms of neurocompositional computing create AI systems that are more robust, accurate, and comprehensible.
Adaptive fault‐tolerant decentralized tracking control of switched stochastic uncertain nonlinear systems with time‐varying delay
Authors: Cui Di , Zou Wencheng , Guo Jian , Xiang Zhengrong 
Published: September 2022

SummaryIn this article, an adaptive neural fault‐tolerant decentralized tracking control problem is investigated for switched stochastic large‐scale uncertain nonlinear systems, in which time‐varying delay and unknown control coefficient are under consideration. By incorporating the quadratic Lyapunov function and Lyapunov Krasovskii function into the backstepping approach, an adaptive neural fault‐tolerant decentralized control strategy is proposed, which ensures that signals in the closed‐loop system are stable in probability and the tracking error converges to a small neighborhood of the origin under arbitrary switching. At last, to verify the presented strategy is feasible, a simulation example is given.
Brain Microenvironment Responsive and Pro‐Angiogenic Extracellular Vesicle‐Hydrogel for Promoting Neurobehavioral Recovery in Type 2 Diabetic Mice After Stroke
Authors: Jiang Yixu , Wang Ruiqi , Wang Cheng , Guo Yiyan , Xu Tongtong , Zhang Zhijun , Yang Guo‐Yuan , Xu He , Tang Yaohui 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStroke patients with diabetes have worse neurological outcomes than non‐diabetic stroke patients, and treatments beneficial for non‐diabetic stroke patients are not necessarily effective for diabetic stroke patients. While stem cell‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) show potential for treating stroke, the results remain unsatisfactory due to the lack of approaches for retaining and controlling EVs released into the brain. Herein, a glucose/reactive oxygen species dual‐responsive hydrogel showing excellent injectability, biocompatibility, and self‐healing capability is introduced as an EVs‐loading vehicle and an intelligent EVs sustained releasing system in the brain. These EVs‐hydrogels are developed via crosslinking of phenylboronic acid‐modified hyaluronic acid and Poly vinyl alcohol, and fusion with neural stem cell‐derived EVs. The results show EVs are stably incorporated into the hydrogels and can be controllably released in response to the brain microenvironment after stroke in type 2 diabetic mice. The EVs‐hydrogels exert an excellent angiogenic effect, increasing the migration and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In addition, injection of EVs‐hydrogels into the ischemic mouse brain enhances EVs retention and facilitates sustained release, promotes angiogenesis, and improves neurobehavioral recovery. These results suggest such a microenvironment responsive and sustained release EVs‐hydrogel system offers a safe, and efficient therapy for diabetic stroke.
Molecular Regulation of Perylenediimide and Fluorene‐Based Cathode Interfacial Materials for Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wu Tao , Wang Daizhe , Jiang Xingjian , Ge Xianxian , Guo Fengyun , Ye Tengling , Gao Shiyong , Zhang Yong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs), n‐doping fullerene electron transport layers (ETLs) have been found to prepare high efficiency devices due to their excellent performance in electrochemistry, film formability, and surface passivation. Herein, two cathode interface layers (CILs) 2PDI‐FN and 2PDIT‐FN are prepared with dimethylamino functional groups and PDI units. The addition of thiophene makes the 2PDIT‐FN conjugated framework coplanar and enhances the effect of dimethylamino functional groups, which give 2PDIT‐FN with higher electrical conductivity, electron mobility, self‐doping property, and film formability. Moreover, dopant N‐DMBI can further enhance these advantages of 2PDIT‐FN. Consequently, a peak power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.44% is achieved with 2PDIT‐FN(+) as CIL, much higher than 18.77% of 2PDI‐FN(+) one, which is only 17.71% and 19.06% for 2PDI‐FN and 2PDIT‐FN‐based one, respectively. The significant improvement in device efficiency is due to reduced defect density, lower dark current, larger recombination resistance, and better surface morphology, which improves charge transport and collection at the PC61BM/Ag interface. In a word, this molecular design approach with molecular configuration regulation and functional groups provides a direction for the preparation of cathode interface materials to achieve high performance of PSCs.
Super‐Mossian Dielectrics for Nanophotonics
Authors: Doiron Chloe F. , Khurgin Jacob B. , Naik Gururaj V. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHigh refractive index dielectrics enable nanoscale integration of optical components with practically no absorption loss. Hence, high index dielectrics are promising for many emerging applications in nanophotonics. However, the lack of a complete library of high index dielectric materials poses a significant challenge to understanding the full potential for dielectric nanophotonics. Currently, it is assumed that the absorption edge and the sub‐bandgap refractive index of a semiconductor exhibit a rigid trade‐off, popularly known as the Moss rule. Thus, the Moss rule appears to set an upper limit on the refractive index of a dielectric for a given operating wavelength. However, there are many dielectric materials that surpass the Moss rule, referred to here as super‐Mossian dielectrics. Here, the general features of super‐Mossian dielectrics and their physical origin are discussed to facilitate the search for high index dielectrics. As an example, iron pyrite, an outstanding super‐Mossian material with index nearly 40% higher than the Moss rule prediction, is developed. The local dielectric resonances in iron pyrite nanoresonators are experimentally observed, and the impact of super‐Mossian materials on nanophotonics is demonstrated.
Common Metals as Electrodes for Leak‐Free Organic Light‐Emitting Devices Using Extraordinary Thick Phosphotungstic Acid Buffer Layers
Authors: Ohisa Satoru , Oono Taku , Miyakawa Masashi , Shimizu Takahisa , Tsuzuki Toshimitsu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractElectrical leakage is one of the fatal faults associated with thin‐film devices (TFDs) including organic light‐emitting devices (OLEDs). To prevent electrical leakage, highly smooth electrodes are required to avoid the concentration of the electric field at local points. However, this requires the use of expensive electrode substrates. Here, OLEDs using inexpensive, aluminum‐foil‐based electrode substrates with an extremely high surface roughness are fabricated. A low leakage current is realized by incorporating extraordinary thick buffer layers of phosphotungstic acid (PWA) exhibiting the negative differential resistance (NDR) property. In its pristine state, PWA exhibits a high electrical resistance. However, upon applying electric current, the resistance is significantly decreased, resulting in increased conductivity and expression of NDR property, owing to the formation of conductive filaments and charge‐storage effects. The OLEDs produced with PWA achieve a low‐driving voltage and high external quantum efficiency simultaneously. Aluminum‐foil‐based OLEDs with a light‐emission area of 64 cm2 are fabricated. They emit steady luminescence even in crumpled and torn states. To the best of authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of a large‐area OLED exhibiting steady luminescence in such deformed states.
Nanoheating and Nanoconduction with Near‐Field Plasmonics: Prospects for Harnessing the Moiré and Seebeck Effects in Ultrathin Films
Authors: Bello Frank Daniel , Clarke Daniel D. A. , Tarasenko Illya , Donegan John F. , Hess Ortwin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNear‐field plasmonics is a burgeoning field that has unlocked several opportunities related to quantum information processing, single‐molecule spectroscopy, and cavity quantum electrodynamics. All of which require the adept control of light, heat, and charges on the nanoscale. In particular, nanoresonators and near‐field transducers (NFTs) have the ability to subdiffract light well below the classical diffraction limit by coupling a photon mode to a plasmonic mode. Herein, advantage is taken of a nanoscale plasmonic light source produced by an NFT and the subsequent “hot spot” created by its relatively high intensity. It is theoretically demonstrated how the light, heat, and current produced can be manipulated when incident on layers of black phosphorous (BP), a highly abundant material with electric and thermal conductivity values comparable to graphene. Moiré physics of two films rotated relative to one another, along with the Seebeck effect for which temperature gradients show the possibility to induce electrical voltages (milli‐Volts) without a metallic contact, is specifically investigated. It is found that these methods can effectively regulate the temperature distribution and its values by roughly 101–102 K, crucial to the functionality of many nanodevices, and furthermore manipulate the directional flow of current; advantageous for electrical switching and output steering of energy.
Low‐Loss Anisotropic Image Polaritons in van der Waals Crystal α‐MoO3
Authors: Menabde Sergey G. , Jahng Junghoon , Boroviks Sergejs , Ahn Jongtae , Heiden Jacob T. , Hwang Do Kyung , Lee Eun Sung , Mortensen N. Asger , Jang Min Seok 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOrthorhombic molybdenum trioxide (α‐MoO3), a newly discovered polaritonic van der Waals crystal, is attracting significant attention due to its strongly anisotropic mid‐infrared phonon‐polaritons. At the same time, coupling of polariton with its mirror image in an adjacent metal gives rise to a significantly more confined image mode. Here, monocrystalline gold flakes—an atomically flat low‐loss substrate for mid‐infrared image polaritons—are employed to measure the full complex‐valued propagation constant of the hyperbolic image phonon‐polaritons in α‐MoO3 by near‐field probing. The anisotropic dispersion is mapped and the damping of the polaritons propagating at different angles to the crystallographic directions of α‐MoO3 is analyzed. These experiments demonstrate the strongly confined image phonon‐polaritons in α‐MoO3 exhibiting intrinsic limiting lifetime of 4.2 ps and a propagation length of 4.5 times the polariton wavelength, owing to the negligible substrate‐mediated loss. Furthermore, it is shown that the image modes with positive group velocity have simultaneously larger momentum and lifetime compared to their counterparts on a dielectric substrate, while the image modes with negative group velocity possess a smaller momentum. These results spotlight the hyperbolic image phonon‐polaritons as a superior platform for unconventional light manipulation at the nanoscale.