bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical purification of materials via electromagnetically induced walking
Authors: Lai Wenxi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Natural materials are always mixed with foreign matters which affect their physical or chemical properties. Here, we give an optical method for the precise purification of gaseous state materials. Principle of this method is originated from spin-orbit coupling in electromagnetically induced walking where fingerprints of atoms such as masses and optical transition wavelengths determine walking speed of the atoms. This method could be used for some hardly separable atoms and isotopes depending on the condition of atom coherent time. The present work opens a platform for applications of cold atom technology in the purification of atoms and molecules.PACS numbers: 37.10.Vz, 32.90.+a, 3.75.-b, 42.50.Ct
Apes in Lab Coats: Scientific Exploratory Behaviour in Homo sapiens
Authors: Lendrem Dennis 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study reports observations of scientists attempting to solve a standard experimental problem - DNA amplification through the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) - in a ‘virtual’ laboratory. One striking observation is that scientists employ search strategies not dissimilar to the foraging strategies of apes and other animals. While such search strategies may be appropriate when exploring two- or three-dimensional environments, they are highly unsuited to exploring the complex multi-dimensional spaces representing many scientific and technical challenges. The evolution of exploratory behaviour in Homo sapiens may represent a major obstacle to the uptake of better tools. The wider adoption of mathematical and statistical tools designed for the exploration and mapping of such spaces may be constrained by our evolutionary biology.
Density dependence on male sexual expression in metapopulations of a tropical moss: a monoicous species almost dioicous
Authors: Santos Wagner Luiz dos , Pôrto Katia , Bordin Juçara , Pinheiro Fabio 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Life-history variables such as reproductive allocation, sexual expression, sex ratio, and reproductive success, are central aspects of a species' ecology and evolution. For example, biases in male and female sex expression may play a large role in determining the viability of populations in the face of environmental pressures such as population fragmentation, climate change and habitat occupancy. Thus, in this study, we investigated reproductive traits in 10 metapopulations of Fissidens flaccidus Mitt. From each metapopulation, 30 patches were randomly selected, and samples were collected from each patch of 1cm2. A total of 20173 ramets were analyzed and classified into male, non-sporophytic female, sporophytic female, and non-sex expressing. In addition, population density in each patch was quantified. Our results showed that relative reproductive allocation in perigonia and sporophytes is greater than perichaetia. In addition, a trade-off between sexual relative reproductive allocation and asexual gemma production was observed, suggesting an important role of female ramets in asexual reproduction. The number of male ramets does not influence the reproductive success observed in each patch, and ramet density may induce male sex expression. Thus, we concluded that reproductive allocation in male function is efficient, since fewer male ramets can assure a considerable reproductive success. Furthermore, our results suggest that there may be a habitat preference between the sexes, since male ramets are found in patches with high density and mostly below female ramets, suggesting an avoidance of direct sunlight by male ramets.
Circulating CD8 + CD122 + T cells as a prognostic indicator of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Teramatsu Katsuhito , Oono Takamasa , Oyama Koki , Fujimori Nao , Murakami Masatoshi , Yasumori Sho , Ohno Akihisa , Matsumoto Kazuhide , Takeno Ayumu , Nakata Kohei , Nakamura Masafumi , Ogawa Yoshihiro 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The role of peripheral immunosuppressive cells in pancreatic cancer prognosis remains debated. The purpose of this study was to analyze the peripheral levels of CD4+ and CD8+CD122+ T cells, and establish their association with the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. Methods: Blood and tissue samples were collected from patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer (n=54), resectable pancreatic cancer (n=12), and benign pancreatic cysts (n=52) between April 2019 and January 2022 and analyzed.Results: Patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer had a larger proportion of both tumor-suppressive and tumor-promoting cells than those with benign pancreatic cysts. In addition, the proportion of peripheral CD4+ T cells positively correlated with the survival of patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer, and the proportion of peripheral CD8+CD122+ T cells was associated with early mortality (<90 days). After chemotherapy, CD8+CD122+ T cells decreased in patients who had a partial response or stable disease. Moreover, by analyzing resected specimens, we first proved that the existence of CD8+CD122+ T cells in a tumor microenvironment (TME) depends on their proportion in peripheral blood. Conclusion: Circulating CD8+CD122+ T cells can be a prognostic indicator in patients with pancreatic cancer, and may play a suppressive role against other effector T cells in the TME.
Easy way to produce iron-doped titania nanoparticles via the solid-state method and investigation their photocatalytic activity
Authors: Rosa Domenico , D’Agostino Francesca , Bavasso Irene , Bracciale Maria Paola , Palma Luca Di 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study focuses on the synthesis of iron-modified TiO2 nanoparticles “via solid-state” method with different iron content (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 wt%) using commercial titania Degussa P25 and TiO2 synthesized (sTiO2) via microemulsion method. The samples were characterized by SEM, BET and UV-Vis-DRS. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated in terms of methylene blue (MB) degradation in aqueous solution under visible radiation and under different conditions (pH, catalyst dosage, pollutant initial concentration, irradiance). The tests showed a big difference between sTiO2 and Degussa 25. The sTiO2 with an iron load of 1 wt% has been proven to be the best photocatalyst. This behavior is attributed to the Fe3+ species in sTiO2 crystal lattice whose presence decreases the bandgap.
High-rate decoupled water electrolysis system integrated with α-MoO3 as a redox mediator with fast anhydrous proton kinetics
Authors: Ma Zihan , Lu Xiaofei , Park Sunghyun , Shinagawa Tatsuya , Okubo Masashi , Takanabe Kazuhiro , Yamada Atsuo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Hydrogen is a promising alternative to fossil fuels that can reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Decoupled water electrolysis system using a reversible proton storage redox mediator, where the oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction are separated in time and space, is an effective approach to produce hydrogen gas with high purity, high flexibility, and low cost. To realize a fast hydrogen production in such a system, a redox mediator capable of releasing proton rapidly is required. Herein, α-MoO3, with an ultrafast proton transfer property that can be explained by a dense hydrogen bond network in the lattice oxygen arrays of HxMoO3, was examined in this work as a high-rate redox mediator for fast hydrogen production in acidic electrolytes. The α-MoO3 redox mediator shows both a large capacity of 204 mAh g-1 and fast hydrogen production at a current rate of 1 A cm-2 (100 A g-1), outperforming most of the previously reported solid-state redox mediators.
Genome-wide analysis of Caffeic Acid O-Methyltransferase (COMT) gene family in rice(Oryza sativa L.): identification, expression analysis and response to drought stress
Authors: Liang Shaoming , Xu Shanbin , Qu Di , Yang Luomiao , Wang Jingguo , Liu Hualong , Xin Wei , Li Peng , Wang Yinglin , zou Detang , Zheng Hongliang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background Plant lignin plays a crucial role in plant stress resistance, and Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) is one of the core enzymes involved in lignin synthesis. However, there is no systematic study on the rice COMT gene family. Methods and results We identified 33 COMT genes containing Methyltransferase-2 domain in the rice genome using bioinformatic methods. Using cis-acting element analysis, we found that the rice COMT genes contain multiple drought-inducible MYB-binding site (MBS)-acting elements related to drought induction and hypothesized that the rice COMT genes are related to drought stress. The RNA level data and qRT-PCR showed that rice COMT genes were highly expressed in leaves and stems, the expression of OsCOMT21/5/2/17/19 increased and that of OsCOMT31/16/21 decreased under drought stress. Protein interaction networks are related to gene classification. Targeting miRNAs and gene ontology annotation revealed that OsCOMTs may also be involved in other abiotic stress responses. We also studied the 3D structure of OsCOMTs proteins. Conclusion Our study contributes to the analysis of the biological function of rice COMT genes, which may provide information for future rice breeding and editing of the rice genome.
Mechanical thrombectomy for vertebral and basilar artery occlusions: Our institutional experience with 17 patients
Authors: Yu Xu , Richad Seidu A. , Fuhua Ye , Jianfeng Jiang , Xinmin Zhou , Min Wu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Acute ischemic stroke of the posterior circulation as a result of vertebrobasilar artery occlusions are often associated with severe morbidity and mortality rates. Vertebrobasilar artery occlusions retrieval via mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is a new treatment modality for occlusive strokes. Nevertheless, factors associated with good outcome have not been investigated adequately. Thus, our study focuses on factors associated with good prognosis. Method: We retrospectively analyzed a series of 17 patients with acute vertebral artery occlusions (VAOs) and basilar artery occlusions (BAOs) treated via mechanical thrombectomy. In all patients, information such as sex and age, time from admission to onset of femoral artery access, number of thrombus removed, time of femoral artery access to recanalization, pre- and post -operative National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), pre- and post-operative thrombolysis in cerebral infarction as well as modified Rankin Scale were documented and analyzed.Results: Our analysis comprised of 11 patients with BAOs and 6 patients with VAOs. We achieved 70.6 % recanalization rate with over all good prognosis of 58.8% at 90 days. Statistically, there was significant improvement in outcome comparing the NIHSS before operations to the NIHSS one week after the operations (t=2.735, P=0.008). Nevertheless, we did not find any significant correlation between time from admission to onset of femoral artery puncture, time from femoral artery puncture to recanalization and prognosis.Conclusion: Lower NIHSS score before MT could be a good prognostic factor. An average time of about 5.5 hours from patients’ arrival to recanalization with 70.6 % recanalization rate with over all good prognosis of 58.8% at 90 days means that, patients who operations are carried out within 5 hours still have hope for recanalization compared to initial 1.5 hours average time for recanalization.
Bio-inspired electronic fingerprint PUF device with single-walled carbon nanotube network surface mediated by M13 bacteriophage template
Authors: Jeong Jae-Seung , Lee Gyo Sub , Lee Ki-Young , Ju Hyunsu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Human fingerprints are randomly created during fetal activity in the womb, resulting in unique and physically irreproducible fingerprint patterns that are applicable as a biological cryptographic primitive. Similarly, stochastically knitted single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) network surfaces exhibit inherently random and unique electrical characteristics that can be exploited as a physical unclonable function (PUF) in the authentication. In this study, filamentous M13 bacteriophages are used as a biological gluing template to create a random SWNT network surface with mechanical flexibility, with electrical properties determined by random variation during fabrication. The resistance profile between two adjacent electrodes was mapped for these M13-mediated SWNT network surfaces, with the results demonstrating a unique resistance profile for each M13-SWNT device, similar to that of human fingerprints. Randomness and uniqueness measures were evaluated as respectively 50.5% and 50% using generated challenge–response pairs. Min-entropy for unpredictability evaluation of the M13-WNT based PUFs resulted in 0.98. Our results showed that M13-SWNT random network exhibits cryptographic characteristics when used in a bio-inspired PUF device.
Racial Disparities in Incidence and Survival of Young Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Analysis
Authors: Jang Min Kyeong , Doorenbos Ardith Z. , Park Chang , Gadi Vijayakrishna K , Hong Susan , Hamlish Tamara 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Disparities in breast cancer mortality between Black and white women have been well documented. Few studies, however, have examined the interaction of race and clinical characteristics among young breast cancer survivors. This study aimed to enhance the understanding of racial disparities in survival probabilities specific to the young breast cancer population.Methods: We extracted Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Research Data for 2000 to 2017 for breast cancer, females, and age 20 to 44 years. We applied Kaplan-Meier curves, Cox proportional hazard regression, and marginal effects analysis after Cox regression. Results: We analyzed data from 93,491 young breast cancer cases. Notably, compared to non-Hispanic Whites (NHW), non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB) showed significantly higher predicted hazard ratio (HR) values regardless of cancer subtype or stage. NHB with triple-negative subtype had an HR of 11.238 (p=.026) compared to NHW counterparts; NHB with Her2-/HR+ subtype had an HR of 16.599 (p<.001). NHB showed significantly worse cancer-specific survival probabilities than NHW across all stages, with the largest difference in stage IV, with an HR of 95.890 (p=0.001) for NHB compared to NHW. Conclusions: Our findings revealed that young NHB breast cancer survivors had significantly lower cancer-specific survival probabilities than NHW survivors, even given the same tumor biology and stage, with the lowest survival probabilities among NHB with Her2-/HR+ subtype and higher cancer stage. These findings document significant disparities in survival among young breast cancer survivors and point to avenues for clinical interventions to improve outcomes for all young survivors.
Glucose as a risk factor for periodontitis in kidney transplantation patients
Authors: Young-Min Shin , Mun Kwang Ho 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Various factors including diabetes and oxidative stress are associated with periodontal inflammation. In patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD), accumulation of uremic toxin leads to various systemic abnormalities, including cardiovascular disease, metabolic abnormalities, and infection. Even after kidney transplantation (KT), various factors are known to be associated with inflammation. Our study, therefore aimed to study risk factors associated with of periodontitis in KT patients.Methods: Patients, who visited Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea, since 2018, and diagnosed of periodontal disease were selected. As of November 2021, 923 participants, with full data including hematologic factors were studied. Results: From 923 KT patients, 30 were diagnosed with periodontal disease. Fasting glucose levels were higher in patients with periodontal disease, while total bilirubin levels were lower. When divided by fasting glucose levels, high glucose level showed increase of periodontal disease with odds ratio (OR) of 1.031 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.004-1.060). After adjusting for confounders, results were significant with OR 1.032 (95% CI 1.004-1.061). Conclusions: Our study have shown that KT patients, of whom uremic toxin clearance has been revolted, are yet at risk of periodontitis by other factors, such as high blood glucose levels.
Effect of Attention and Triplet loss on Chart Classification: A study on Noisy Charts and Confusing Chart Pairs
Authors: Thiyam Jennil , Singh Sanasam Ranbir , Kumar Prabin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Charts are powerful tools for visualizing and comparing data. With the increase in the presence of various chart types in scientific documents in electronic media, the development of automatic chart classification system is becoming an important task. Existing studies on chart classification fail to address the presence of noise in charts, and confusing chart class pairs. Motivated by the above observations, in this paper, we propose an attention and triplet loss based deep CNN framework to address the above issues. From various experimental results over four datasets, it is evident that the proposed framework can effectively handle noises in the chart and confusing chart samples, and outperforms its counterparts.
Biological insights and technical obstacles during rapid at-line single-cell analysis of algal cultures based on label-free flow cytometry
Authors: Sandmann Michael , Rading Michael 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The potential of label-free flow cytometry (FC) for bioprocess monitoring was determined for its application to model cultures of Chlamydomonas. A theoretical approach based on Lorenz-Mie theory revealed that the storage compounds within algal cells, specifically lipid bodies and starch granules, are the most important contributors to the commonly used wideangle light scattering signal in FC devices. As a result of cellular growth dynamics, a pronounced nonlinearity appeared in the FC data which resulted in distorted chlorophyll and wide-angle scatter distributions. In relation to the nonlinearity, the potential of label-free FC as a tool to follow trajectories of cellular development was determined and revealed high cellto-cell heterogeneity for cellular chlorophyll amount and the wide-angle light scattering signal, showing a spread of about one order of magnitude. Over the developmental cycle, a linear correlation was observed between mean values of the distributions of cellular chlorophyll amount and the wide-angle light scattering signal. Surprisingly, on the singlecell level a relatively low but dynamic correlation over time was observed. Additionally, the mother cells within the cell population differentiated into two subpopulations. In conclusion, nonparallel development of the algal cells was revealed, which expands the view about synchronicity in algal cultures.
Seasonal fluctuations in Babesia bigemina and Rhipicephalus microplus in Brangus and Nellore cattle reared in the Cerrado biome, Brazil
Authors: Martins Kauê Rodriguez , Andreotti Renato , Higa Leandro de Oliveira Souza , Bonatte-Junior Paulino , Duarte Pâmella Oliveira , Barros Jacqueline Cavalcante , Garcia Marcos Valério , Csordas Bárbara Guimarães , Zimmerman Namor Pinheiro 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Rhipicephalus microplus (Ixodida: Ixodidae, Canestrini, 1888) is a tick that causes great economic and health losses related to the cattle industry and is the main vector of Babesia bigemina (Piroplasmidae: Babesidae, Smith & Kilborne, 1893). B. bigemina is responsible for a tick-borne disease known as babesiosis that can cause hemolytic anemia, fever, and death. This study investigated the relationship between the number of ticks per animal and the number of B. bigemina cbisg gene copies in the blood of Brangus and Nellore cattle reared without acaricidal treatment in the Brazilian Cerrado over a one-year period.Methods: The ticks on 19 animals (9 Brangus and 10 Nellore cattle) were counted every 18 days, and blood was collected every 36 days for 12 months. Serological samples were analyzed with iELISA. Genomic DNA (gDNA) was analyzed by PCR and qPCR. The PCR products were sequenced by the Sanger method.Results: These two breeds showed similar weight development and no clinical signs of babesiosis. Statistically significant differences (p< 0.05) were observed in the number of ticks and the number of B. bigemina cbisg gene copies between the breeds.Conclusion: No babesiosis clinical signs were observed, and no correlation between the number of ticks and the number of circulating copies of cbisg was observed.
Thermobalancing therapy with Dr Allen's Device improves health-related quality of life in patients with kidney stone disease – A randomised clinical trial
Authors: Allen Simon , Akram Muhammad , Kamal Shahid , Rashid Abid , Adjani Ariana , Malik Akram , Khalil Muhammad , Sherwani Rehan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the efficacy of Dr Allen’s Therapeutic Device in improving quality of life in patients with nephrolithiasis.Materials and Methods: A randomized, interventional, parallel group study was conducted investigating 54 patients aged 18-60 years with nephrolithiasis. 29 of the 54 patients were randomised (1:1) into a treatment group of 15 patients (Group 1) and a control group of 14 patients. The remaining 25 (Group 2) were treated but not randomised as they had stones larger than 10 mm. Both treatment groups used Dr Allen’s Device for 6 months. Their quality of life was measured using the Wisconsin Stone Quality of Life Questionnaire (WISQoL) at regular intervals and compared between the groups. The change in size of the kidney stones was also measured and compared. The trial was registered at the World Health Organisation via the German Clinical Trials Registry (DRKS00009367).Results: Thermobalancing therapy with Dr Allen's Device for Kidney Treatment showed a significant improvement in HRQoL across all domains of the WISQoL and a significant reduction in size of kidney stones in both treatment groups (p<0.001). There was no significant change in stone size in the control group. Conclusions: The use of Thermobalancing therapy with Dr Allen's Device for Kidney Treatment is effective in both dissolving kidney stones as well as improving quality of life.
Longer Duration of Prenatal Treatment and Intravenous Specific Drug Can Reducing Mortality of Pregnant Patient With Idiopathic Pulmonary Artery Hypertension: An Observational Case Series
Authors: Mingwang Jia , Changhong Shi , Mingmei Xiong , Guangyuan Liao , Dunjin Chen , Yichun Wang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Pulmonary hypertension has a high mortality rate in pregnant women, especially idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension. To better understand this disease, we performed a retrospective chart review of pregnant idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension patients admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University between June 2016 and May 2021.Methods: The medical records were reviewed to identify all pregnant women with IPAH between 2010 and 2016. Obstetric data include prenatal, sub partum, and postpartum characteristics were collected in the study. We divided patients into survival and non-survival groups and compared the two groups' differences.Results: Hospital length of predelivery was longer in the survival group (61.00[42.00, 102.00] vs 4.00[2.75, 14.00], P=0.02), and the falling value of PAP (admission - delivery)was higher in the survival group than non-survival group (4.00[0.00, 16.75] vs 0.00[0.00, 0.00], P=0.03) . There were significant differences in Treprostinil (P=0.01), ICU stays (P<0.01), and hospital length of stay (P<0.01) between the survival and non-survival groups.Conclusions: Prenatal treatment duration and reduction of PAP are essential in reducing mortality. The application of intravenous specific drugs also plays a vital role in the prognosis of patients.