bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A machine-learning guided method for predicting add-on and switch in secondary data sources: A case study on anti-seizure medications in Danish registries
Authors: Breitenstein Peter Suhr , Mahmoud Israa , Al-Azzawi Fahed , Shakibfar Saeed , Sessa Maurizio 
Published: November 2022

Purpose: There is a lack of available evidence regarding the treatment pattern of switches and add-ons for individuals aged 65 years or older with epilepsy during the first years from the time they received their first anti-seizure medication because of the lack of valid methods. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an algorithm for identifying switches and add-ons using secondary data sources for anti-seizure medication users.Methods: Danish nationwide databases were used as data sources. Residents in Denmark between 1996 and 2018 who were diagnosed with epilepsy and redeemed their first prescription for anti-seizure medication after epilepsy diagnosis were followed up for 730 days until the end of the follow-up period, death, or emigration to assess switches and add-ons occurred during the follow-up period. The study outcomes were the overall accuracy of the classification of switch or add-on of the newly developed algorithm.Results: In total, 15870 individuals were included in the study population with a median age of 72.9 years, of whom 52.0% were male and 48.0% were female. A total of 988 of the 15879 patients from the study population were present during the 730-day follow-up period, and 988 individuals (6.2%) underwent a total of 1485 medication events with co-exposure to two or more anti-seizure medications. The newly developed algorithmic method correctly identified 9 out of 10 add-ons (overall accuracy 92%) and 9 out of 10 switches (overall accuracy 88%).Conclusion: The majority of switches and add-ons occurred early during the first 2 years of disease and according to clinical recommendations. The newly developed algorithm correctly identified 9 out of 10 switches/add-ons.
A novel mode-division (de)multiplexer with degenerate modes output for MIMO-FREE applications
Authors: Xing Huadong , Su Yingqun , Gao Yan , Li Xin , Zheng Hongjun , Bai Chenglin , Hu Weisheng , Xu Hengying 
Published: November 2022

In this study, we propose a novel three-dimensional architecture mode (de)multiplexer with degenerate modes output using a pure silica FMF ring core transmission channel, which solves the problem caused by random mode rotation and can be used in multiple-input multiple-output free (MIMO-FREE) applications such as data center application in the future. By using the pure silica FMF ring core transmission channel and larger effective refractive index difference, the performance with low loss, high extinction ratio (ER) and low crosstalk is achieved. The main channel with a few-mode fiber (FMF) ring-core structure supports the modes LP01, LP11, and LP21, and the large effective refractive index difference between each mode in the core ensures low crosstalk characteristics between the modes. Using the pure silica core channel can effectively reduce propagation attenuation and fusion loss. Our proposed MUX/DEMUX with degenerate modes output is achieved when the degenerate modes LP11a/LP11b and LP21a/LP21b are transmitted as two independent mode signals, which can be used in MIMO-FREE applications. The extinction ratios (ERs) of the degenerate modes LP11 and LP21 are kept above 31.66 dB and 24.43 dB, respectively, and the ER of mode LP01 is kept above 38.72 dB in the C band. The coupling efficiency of mode LP01 is approximately 0 dB, which is almost unchanged with the increase of the wavelength. The coupling efficiency of LP11 is higher than −3.49 dB and that of LP21 is higher than −7.24 dB in the whole C-band. At 1550 nm, the coupling efficiencies of modes LP01, LP11, and LP21 are −0.002 dB, −0.052 dB, and −0.178 dB, respectively. The coupling efficiency and ER of LP01 mode are the best, and those of the degenerate mode LP11 are always better than those of mode LP21. Our proposed MUX/DEMUX achieves low crosstalk and high ER performance and solves the problem caused by the degenerate modes rotations during transmission.
Rapid nondestructive detection of peanut varieties and peanut mildew based on hyperspectral imaging and stacked machine learning models
Authors: Wu Qingsong , Xu Lijia , Zou Zhiyong , Wang Jian , Zeng Qifeng , Wang Qianlong , Zhen Jiangbo , Wang Yuchao , Zhao Yongpeng , Zhou Man 
Published: November 2022

Moldy peanut seeds are damaged by mold, which seriously affects the germination rate of peanut seeds. At the same time, the quality and variety purity of peanut seeds profoundly affect the final yield of peanuts and the economic benefits of farmers. In this study, hyperspectral imaging technology was used to achieve variety classification and mold detection of peanut seeds. In addition, this paper proposed to use median filtering (MF) to preprocess hyperspectral data, use four variable selection methods to obtain characteristic wavelengths, and ensemble learning models (SEL) as a stable classification model. This paper compared the model performance of SEL and extreme gradient boosting algorithm (XGBoost), light gradient boosting algorithm (LightGBM), and type boosting algorithm (CatBoost). The results showed that the MF-LightGBM-SEL model based on hyperspectral data achieves the best performance. Its prediction accuracy on the data training and data testing reach 98.63% and 98.03%, respectively, and the modeling time was only 0.37s, which proved that the potential of the model to be used in practice. The approach of SEL combined with hyperspectral imaging techniques facilitates the development of a real-time detection system. It could perform fast and non-destructive high-precision classification of peanut seed varieties and moldy peanuts, which was of great significance for improving crop yields.
The relationship between physical exercise and subjective well-being in Chinese older people: The mediating role of the sense of meaning in life and self-esteem
Authors: Chen Rui , Liu Yong-Feng , Huang Gao-Duan , Wu Peng-Cheng 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThis study explores the relationship between physical exercise and older people’s subjective well-being and the mediating role of a sense of meaning in life and self-esteem by using a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach, in order to provide some suggestions for improving older people’s subjective well-being.MethodsIn this study, a cross-sectional survey was conducted offline using a simple random method of collection, and the Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), the Subjective Well-being Scale (SWB), the Meaningfulness of Life Scale (MLQ), and the Self-Esteem Scale (SES) were applied to 419 older adults who participated in physical exercise from Chengdu (Qingyang District, Wuhou District, and Chenghua District), Sichuan Province, China, with the voluntary participation of the subjects. 197 males and 222 females, with a mean age of 72.49 (SD = 1.57). The study used SPSS 25.0 and Process 3.5 plug-in for statistical processing of the data, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for intra-variate consistency testing, Harman’s one-way test for common method bias testing and multiple covariance diagnosis, and finally regression analysis and Bootstrap sampling test for significance of mediating effects.ResultsPhysical exercise was able to have a positive effect on the level of subjective well-being of older adults (β = 0.0305; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.0226, 0.0384; p &lt; 0.05), and a mediation analysis of sense of meaning in life and self-esteem revealed that they were able to have independent and chained mediation effects, with four pathways: first, physical exercise directly affected subjective well-being of older adults (β = 0.0149; 95% CI: 0.0072, 0.0226; p &lt; 0.05; β = 0.0149; 95% CI: 0.0072, 0.0226; p &lt; 0.05); secondly, sense of meaning in life mediated the relationship between physical exercise and subjective well-being of older adults (β = 0.0075; 95% CI: 0.0041, 0.0115; p &lt; 0.05); thirdly, self-esteem mediated the relationship between physical exercise and subjective well-being of older adults (β = 0.0075; 95% CI: 0.0041, 0.0115; p &lt; 0.05). (β = 0.0061; 95% CI: 0.0034, 0.0094; p &lt; 0.05); fourth, a chain mediating effect of sense of meaning in life and self-esteem in the relationship between physical exercise and subjective well-being in older adults (β = 0.0021; 95% CI: 0.0010, 0.0035; p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion and prospectsAs indicated by the results, physical exercise can enhance the subjective well-being of older adults through sense of meaning in life and self-esteem, therefore, in order to be able to enhance the subjective well-being of older adults, enhancing the level of sense of meaning in life and self-esteem of older adults is an effective means.
Designing and testing of a health-economic Markov model to assess the cost-effectiveness of treatments for Bipolar disorder: TiBipoMod
Authors: Kleijburg Anne , Lokkerbol Joran , Regeer Eline J. , Geerling Bart , Evers Silvia M. A. A. , Kroon Hans , Wijnen Ben 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundBipolar disorder is an often recurrent mood disorder that is associated with a significant economic and health-related burden. Increasing the availability of health-economic evidence may aid in reducing this burden. The aim of this study is to describe the design of an open-source health-economic Markov model for assessing the cost-effectiveness of interventions in the treatment of Bipolar Disorders type I and II, TiBipoMod.MethodsTiBipoMod is a decision-analytic Markov model that allows for user-defined incorporation of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for the treatment of BD. TiBipoMod includes the health states remission, depression, (hypo)mania and death. Costs and effects are modeled over a lifetime horizon from a societal and healthcare perspective, and results are presented as the total costs, Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALY), Life Years (LY), and incremental costs per QALYs and LYs gained.ResultsFunctionalities of TiBipoMod are demonstrated by performing a cost-utility analysis of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) compared to the standard of care. Treatment with MBCT resulted in an increase of 0.18 QALYs per patient, and a dominant incremental cost-effectiveness ratio per QALY gained for MBCT at a probability of being cost-effective of 71% when assuming a €50,000 willingness-to-pay threshold.ConclusionTiBipoMod can easily be adapted and used to determine the cost-effectiveness of interventions in the treatment in Bipolar Disorder type I and II, and is freely available for academic purposes upon request at the authors.
Real-time location systems technology in the care of older adults with cognitive impairment living in residential care: A scoping review
Authors: Haslam-Larmer Lynn , Shum Leia , Chu Charlene H. , McGilton Kathy , McArthur Caitlin , Flint Alastair J. , Khan Shehroz , Iaboni Andrea 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionThere has been growing interest in using real-time location systems (RTLS) in residential care settings. This technology has clinical applications for locating residents within a care unit and as a nurse call system, and can also be used to gather information about movement, location, and activity over time. RTLS thus provides health data to track markers of health and wellbeing and augment healthcare decisions. To date, no reviews have examined the potential use of RTLS data in caring for older adults with cognitive impairment living in a residential care setting.ObjectiveThis scoping review aims to explore the use of data from real-time locating systems (RTLS) technology to inform clinical measures and augment healthcare decision-making in the care of older adults with cognitive impairment who live in residential care settings.MethodsEmbase (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), APA PsycINFO (Ovid) and IEEE Xplore databases were searched for published English-language articles that reported the results of studies that investigated RTLS technologies in persons aged 50 years or older with cognitive impairment who were living in a residential care setting. Included studies were summarized, compared and synthesized according to the study outcomes.ResultsA total of 27 studies were included. RTLS data were used to assess activity levels, characterization of wandering, cognition, social interaction, and to monitor a resident’s health and wellbeing. These RTLS-based measures were not consistently validated against clinical measurements or clinically important outcomes, and no studies have examined their effectiveness or impact on decision-making.ConclusionThis scoping review describes how data from RTLS technology has been used to support clinical care of older adults with dementia. Research efforts have progressed from using the data to track activity levels to, most recently, using the data to inform clinical decision-making and as a predictor of delirium. Future studies are needed to validate RTLS-based health indices and examine how these indices can be used to inform decision-making.
Cities and neuroscience research: A systematic literature review
Authors: Ancora Leonardo A. , Blanco-Mora Diego Andrés , Alves Inês , Bonifácio Ana , Morgado Paulo , Miranda Bruno 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundCities are becoming the socio-economic hubs for most of the world’s population. Understanding how our surroundings can mentally affect everyday life has become crucial to integrate environmental sustainability into urban development. The present review aims to explore the empirical studies investigating neural mechanisms underlying cognitive and emotional processes elicited by the exposure to different urban built and natural spaces. It also tries to identify new research questions and to leverageneurourbanismas a framework to achieve healthier and sustainable cities.MethodsBy following the PRISMA framework, we conducted a structured search on PubMed, ProQuest, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. Only articles related to how urban environment–built or natural–affects brain activity through objective measurement (with either imaging or electrophysiological techniques) were considered. Further inclusion criteria were studies on human adult populations, peer-reviewed, and in English language.ResultsSixty-two articles met the inclusion criteria. They were qualitatively assessed and analyzed to determine the main findings and emerging concepts. Overall, the results suggest that urban built exposure (when compared to natural spaces) elicit activations in brain regions or networks strongly related to perceptual, attentional, and (spatial) cognitive demands. The city’s-built environment also triggers neural circuits linked to stress and negative affect. Convergence of these findings was observed across neuroscience techniques, and for both laboratory and real-life settings. Additionally, evidence also showed associations between neural social stress processing with urban upbringing or current city living–suggesting a mechanistic link to certain mood and anxiety disorders. Finally, environmental diversity was found to be critical for positive affect and individual well-being.ConclusionContemporary human-environment interactions and planetary challenges imply greater understanding of the neurological underpinnings on how the urban space affects cognition and emotion. This review provides scientific evidence that could be applied for policy making on improved urban mental health. Several studies showed that high-quality green or blue spaces, and bio-diverse urban areas, are important allies for positive neural, cognitive, and emotional processes. Nonetheless, the spatial perception in social contexts (e.g., city overcrowding) deserves further attention by urban planners and scientists. The implications of these observations for some theories in environmental psychology and research are discussed. Future work should take advantage of technological advancements to better characterize behavior, brain physiology, and environmental factors and apply them to the remaining complexity of contemporary cities.
Exposure to environmental occupational constraints and all-cause mortality: Results for men and women from a 20-year follow-up prospective cohort, the VISAT study. Be aware of shift-night workers!
Authors: Esquirol Yolande , Huo Yung Kai Samantha , Carles Camille , Marquié Jean-Claude , Fernandez Audrey , Bongard Vanina , Ferrières Jean 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveTo determine the predictive value of the large panel of occupational constraints (OC) on all-cause mortality with a 20-year follow-up, in general population of workers.MethodsIn VISAT prospective cohort study, 3,138 workers (1,605 men; 1,533 women) were recruited during the periodic work health visits conducted by occupational physicians. OC (physical, organizational, psychological and employment categories) were collected through self-questionnaires. Exposure durations of each OC were divided by tertile distribution. Cox-regression models were performed to analyze the associations between all-cause mortality and each OC first separately and simultaneously in a single model.ResultsThe mortality rates were higher among exposed participants to most of OC compared to those unexposed. Being exposed and longer exposure increased the risks of all-cause mortality for exposures to carrying heavy loads, loud noise, working more than 48 h/week, starting its first job before 18 years old although these risks became non-significant after adjustments for cardiovascular risk factors. Shift work and night work confirmed a high risk of mortality whatever the adjustments and notably when the other occupational exposures were taking into account, with, respectively: HR: 1.38 (1.01–1.91) and 1.44 (1.06–1.95). After adjustments being exposed more than 13 years to a work requiring getting-up before 5:00 a.m. and more than 16 years in rotating shift work significantly increased the risk of mortality by one and a half.ConclusionThe links between each OC and all-cause mortality and the role of individual factors were stressed. For night-shift workers, it is urgent to implement preventive strategies at the workplace.
Dawning public health services dogma: An indigenous Southwest Chinese perspective in managing hypertension-with or without the “BPHS”?
Authors: Pang Linhong , Kottu Lakshme , Guo Zihong , Shi Yi , Ferdous Misbahul , Zhao Yajing , Tang Mingjing , Liu Wei , Fang Jiayu , Fu Hongchen , Wu Xia , Ma Min , Wang Huadan , Merkus Daphne , Duo Lin 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundTo alleviate the rising mortality burden due to hypertension and other non-communicable diseases, a new public health policy initiative in 2009 called the Basic Public Health Services (BPHS). Program was introduced by the Chinese government. The goal of the study is to assess the feasibility and impact of a nationwide health care service—the “BPHS”.MethodsFrom January to December 2021, a stratified multistage random sampling method in the survey was conducted to select 6,456 people from 8 cities/districts in Yunnan Province, China, who were above the age of 35 years. 1,521 hypertensive patients were previously aware of their high blood pressure status were matched to the BPHS program database based on ID number and then further divided into BPHS group and non-BPHS (control) group. The results of the current study are based on their responses to a short structured questionnaire, a physical examination, and laboratory tests. The association between BPHS management and its effect on the control of hypertension was estimated using multivariable logistic regression models. We evaluated the accessibility and efficacy of BPHS health care services by analyzing various variables such as blood pressure, BMI, lifestyle modification, anti-hypertensive drugs taken, and cardiovascular risk factors.ResultsAmong the 1,521 hypertensive patients included in this study, 1,011 (66.5%) were managed by BPHS programme. The multivariable logistic regression model demonstrated that the BPHS facilitated hypertension control (OR = 1.640, 95% CI: 1.237–2.175). A higher proportion of participants receiving lifestyle guidance from the BPHS management showed lowering of total cholesterol. In comparison to the non-BPHS group, those under BPHS management adhered better to antihypertensive medications either single drug (54.3%) or in combination (17.3%) of drugs. Additionally, we also noticed that urban areas with centralized and well-established digital information management system had better hypertension treatment and control.ConclusionsNearly two-thirds of the hypertensive patients in Yunnan Province were included in BPHS management. The impact of the national BPHS program was evident in lowering risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, promoting healthy lifestyles, lowering blood pressure, increasing medication adherence, and the better control rate of hypertension.
Proximity matrix indicates heterogeneity in the ability to face child malnutrition and pandemics in Brazil: An ecological study
Authors: Miguel Camila Botelho , da Silva Arianny Lima , Trindade-da-Silva Carlos Antônio , Abreu Melissa Carvalho Martins de , Oliveira Carlo José Freire , Rodrigues Wellington Francisco 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundAmong the social inequalities that continue to still surpasses the basic rights of several citizens, political and environmental organizations decisively “drag” the “ghost” of hunger between different countries of the world, including Brazil. The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the difficulties encountered in fighting poverty, which has led Brazil to a worrying situation regarding its fragility in the fight against new pandemics.ObjectivesThe present study aims to estimate, compare, and report the prevalence of mortality due to child malnutrition among the macro-regions of Brazil and verify possible associations with the outcome of death by COVID-19. This would identify the most fragile macro-regions in the country with the greatest need for care and investments.MethodsThe prevalence of mortality was determined using data from the federal government database (DataSus). Child malnutrition was evaluated for the period from 1996 to 2017 and COVID-19 was evaluated from February to December 2020. The (dis)similarity between deaths from malnutrition and COVID-19 was evaluated by proximity matrix.ResultsThe North and Northeast regions have above average number of deaths than expected for Brazil (p &lt; 0.05). A prospective analysis reveals that the distribution of the North and Northeast macro-regions exceeds the upper limit of the CI in Brazil for up to the year 2024 (p &lt; 0.05). The proximity matrix demonstrated the close relationship between deaths from COVID-19 and malnutrition for the Northern region followed by the Northeast region.ConclusionsThere are discrepancies in frequencies between macro-regions. Prospective data indicate serious problems for the North and Northeast regions for the coming years. Therefore, strategies to contain the outcome of health hazards must be intensified in the macro-regions North and Northeast of the country.