bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determining the features of loading the bearing structure of a multifunctional car under operating modes
Authors: Fomin Oleksij , Lovska Alyona , Lytvynenko Andrii , Sova Sergiy 
Published: July 2022

This paper substantiates the modernization and commissioning of a railroad car for high-temperature, bulk/loose cargoes in order to improve the efficiency of railroad transportation. A feature of the car is the presence of an open-type boiler, which is made of heat-resistant material. To prevent splashing of transported cargo, it is possible to use a removable cover, which is attached to the top of the boiler.
The boiler of the car was calculated for strength under the main operating modes. The vertical load on the boiler was taken into consideration while accounting for the transportation of bulk cargo, as well as longitudinal, and the effect of temperature load. The strength was calculated by the method of finite elements. It is taken into consideration that the boiler is made of composite heat-resistant material. The calculation results showed that with the considered load modes, the strength of the boiler is ensured.
The dynamic load of the boiler was mathematically modeled at car shunting. The calculation was performed in a flat coordinate system. Solving the mathematical model of the car dynamic load has established that the maximum acceleration that acts on the boiler is 36.5 m/s2.
The dynamic load of the boiler was simulated. The dislocation fields and numerical values of accelerations that act on it were determined. The maximum acceleration, in this case, is concentrated in the bottom of the boiler; it is 37.4 m/s2.
To verify the dynamic load model, the F-criterion was used for calculation. It has been established that the hypothesis about the adequacy of the model is confirmed.
The study reported here could contribute to improving the efficiency of railroad transport operation and advancing the design of multifunctional car structures.
Devising the recipe for a cake with fresh sliced pumpkin according to culinary quality indicators
Authors: Liubych Vitalii , Novikov Volodymyr , Zheliezna Valeriia , Prykhodko Vitalii , Balabak Oleksandr , Kirian Viktor , Tryhub Oleh , Bardakov Volodymyr , Kyrpa Mykola , Petrenko Vasyl 
Published: July 2022

This paper considers the influence of different quantities and shapes of fresh sliced pumpkin on the culinary quality of a cupcake. A change in the culinary quality of the cupcake depending on the amount of sliced pumpkin has been established. It was found that the cupcake's surface color and crumb depended on the amount of fresh sliced pumpkin. The shape of the slice did not change these cupcake parameters. The color of the surface of the cupcake with the addition of 5‒25 % of the sliced pumpkin was at the level of control – light yellow. When adding 30‒40 % ‒ yellow; 45‒50 % ‒ dark yellow. The cupcake's crumb color with the addition of 5‒10 % of sliced pumpkin and without it was light yellow. Adding 15‒35 % of sliced pumpkin provided for a yellow color of the crumb. With the addition of 40‒50 % of sliced pumpkin, the color was orange. The use of fresh sliced pumpkin in the amount of 25 % reliably reduces the smell and taste of the consumer evaluation of the cupcake. At the same time, the level of smell and taste was good (7 points). It should be noted that when adding 20 % fresh sliced pumpkin, the smell and taste of pumpkin in the cupcake was weak – 7 points.
Social studies have been conducted and the main criteria for cupcake buyers have been established. It was found that cupcakes are in high demand and have the prospect of being enriched with pumpkin. Among the respondents, the new product had a high probability of buying. Its price is less important in this case. It was proven that its chemical composition and culinary quality are of greatest importance when choosing a cupcake.
In the technology of cupcake production, it is necessary to add 20‒25 % of fresh sliced pumpkin of various shapes relative to the mass of the dough. The use of this amount of sliced pumpkin makes it possible to bake a cupcake with a light-yellow surface and yellow crumb. The consumable level of the cupcake is good while the smell and taste of the pumpkin in it is weak.
The recommendations provided here could be used by small-scale grain processing enterprises when baking flour confectionery products
Substantiation for the selection of parameters for ensuring electrothermal protection of solar batteries in spacecraft power systems
Authors: Hilorme Tetiana , Nakashydze Liliya , Mazurik Stanislav , Gabrinets Volodymyr , Kolbunov Vadim , Gomilko Igor 
Published: July 2022

A relevant scientific-practical issue related to the sustainable development of outer space is the selection of optimal parameters of solar panels for the uninterrupted supply of energy in the power plants of spacecraft. It has been determined that advancing energy-efficient technologies is a prerequisite for ensuring stable space activities. The decision-making process regarding the choice of alternative options for ensuring the electrothermal protection of solar panels in the power plants of spacecraft occurs under the conditions of uncertainty and various risks.
A methodical approach to assessing the effectiveness of options for building electrothermal protection systems for solar panels in the power plants of spacecraft has been devised. The hierarchical structure of the problem about approving of the choice of electrothermal protection of solar panels has been constructed on the basis of the method of analytical hierarchical process, which makes it possible to derive a set of optimal options.
Five alternative options for electrothermal protection of solar panels have been chosen, which, unlike existing ones, take into consideration the phases of the life cycle, namely, the period of active operation. The selection of criteria for choosing the parameters of electrothermal protection of solar panels in the power installations of spacecraft has been substantiated: ensuring the smooth operation of solar panels; availability of service in emergencies; the life cycle of solar panels; the cost of solar panels; technical safety; mass-size indicators.
It is argued that the chosen optimal alternative "Solar panels with protection on the basis of self-resetting fuses" could prolong the active life cycle and, as a result, reduce the number of repairs (current and overhaul) of solar panels in space activities. Owing to the use of this option, positive results could be achieved such an increase in the active life cycle by 20 %, as well as an increase in technical safety by 24 %
Development of a method for determining the indicators of manipulation based on morphological synthesis
Authors: Yevseiev Serhii , Katsalap Vitaliy , Mikhieiev Yurii , Savchuk Vladyslava , Pribyliev Yurii , Milov Oleksandr , Pohasii Serhii , Opirskyy Ivan , Lukova-Chuiko Nataliia , Korol Ihor 
Published: July 2022

Research on the development of methods for identifying signs of hidden manipulation (destructive information and psychological impact) in text messages that are published on Internet sites and distributed among users of social networks is relevant. One of the main problems in the development of these methods is the difficulty of formalizing the process of identifying signs of manipulation in text messages of social network agents. To do this, based on morphological synthesis, it is necessary to determine relevant indicators for analyzing text messages and criteria for making a decision about the presence of signs of manipulation in text messages.
Based on morphological synthesis, a method for determining manipulation indicators in text messages was developed, taking into account the achievements of modern technologies of intelligent content analysis of text messages, machine learning methods, fuzzy logic and computational linguistics, which made it possible to reasonably determine a group of indicators for evaluating text messages for signs of manipulation.
The stages of the method include evaluating the text message at the level of perception by the indicator of text readability, at the phonetic level by the indicator of emotional impact on the subconscious, at the graphic level by the indicator of text marking intensity, and calculating the integral indicator for making a decision about the presence of manipulation in the text message.
Based on the proposed method, specialized software was developed that provided 13 % greater accuracy in evaluating messages for manipulative impact compared to the known method of expert evaluations, which reduced the influence of the subjective factor on the evaluation result
An analysis of performance of combined aerobic biofilter – granular adsorption – nano adsorption process in seaweed industrial wastewater treatment
Authors: Prayitno Prayitno , Hendrawati Nanik , Siradjuddin Indrazno , Rulianah Sri 
Published: July 2022

Wastewater of Seaweed industry contains macronutrients, alkalis, moderately biodegradable organics, and has a large volume, which it is treated using a biological process (activated sludge) followed by an adsorption process. The results of this treatment are quite effective in reducing the concentration of pollutants to reach the quality standard. However, the reuse of seaweed industrial wastewater into drinking water or process water is still not effective when using a combination of these processes.
On the other hand, biological treatment such as aerobic fixed film biofilter (AF2B) and nano adsorption has high effectiveness in reducing biodegradable organic matter (BOD, COD), bacteria, and other metals. Therefore, the reuse of seaweed industrial wastewater into drinking water can be done by combining the two types of processes. The aim of the research was to study the ability of the AF2B – Granular adsorption – nano adsorption process in reducing pollutants in seaweed industrial wastewater. The experiment is conducted by flowing wastewater continuously into a series of process an AF2B reactor, GAC, and CNTs column. By making changes to the factors that affect the performance of each process, and then measuring the pollutant concentration at the input and output of each process, so the performance of each process can be known. Data is analysed to obtain optimum condition in each process that used for design process in wastewater treatment plant. The results showed that of the AF2B/GAC process was able to reduce contaminants such as TSS, BOD, COD, NH3‑N and Chlorine by 98 %, 99 %, 97.3 %, 97.8 %, and 100 % respectively. Furthermore, in the CNTs process, all pollutants not detected until they meet drinking water quality standards
Evaluation of the effectiveness of the effect of photosensitization on the spectral characteristics of the fiber Bragg grating
Authors: Orazaliyeva Sandugash , Kadirbayeva Gulim , Chezhimbayeva Katipa 
Published: July 2022

Currently, fiber Bragg gratings obtained on the basis of photoinduced optical fibers doped with a high concentration of germanium oxide are used as highly sensitive sensors.
However, it is worth noting a significant drawback – the manufacturing technology of optical fibers doped with germanium is expensive.
When recording Bragg gratings in a standard telecommunication fiber, where the molar concentration of germanium in the fiber core is from 3 % to 5 %, interference occurs due to very low and insufficient light sensitivity. Thus, an important role is played by solving the problem of low photosensitivity of standard telecommunication fibers for recording Bragg gratings.
This paper presents the results of studies of the spectral characteristics of fiber Bragg gratings based on standard telecommunication fibers pre-saturated with hydrogen to increase photosensitivity. According to the results obtained, it was found that under the action of UV radiation in the presence of hydrogen, the photosensitivity of the fiber increases and the Bragg wavelength shift is associated with the saturation of the fiber with hydrogen, the effective modulation amplitude of the induced refractive index is equal to 1.2 with a refractive index of 1.438. This work proves that the VBR recorded in the S pre-saturated in hydrogen for 12 days is characterized by increased photosensitivity.
The experimental results obtained make it possible to use a Bragg fiber array based on a standard telecommunications optical fiber saturated with hydrogen in the field of telecommunications, seismology, engineering geology as fiber-optic sensors of pressure, deformation, temperature, rotation and rotation, including in extreme environmental conditions
Development of apparatus for frying semi-finished meat cut
Authors: Zahorulko Andrii , Zagorulko Aleksey , Liashenko Bogdan , Mikhaylov Valeriy , Budnyk Nina , Kainash Alla , Bondar Mariana , Skoromna Oksana , Ibaiev Eldar 
Published: July 2022

A model of the apparatus for frying chopped semi-finished meat products has been designed, which is distinguished by the technique of heat supply by replacing metal-intensive and inertial heaters with inertia-free ones with a uniform distribution of the temperature field by a film resistive electric heater of radiative type. For condensing juice-containing vapors in functionally closed media, plate coil liquid coolers with Peltier elements are used. At the temperature of the heating surfaces of 180 °C, the cold side of the Peltier element provides a coolant temperature of up to 10 °C. The proposed solution could improve the competitiveness of the device, which is explained by the established technical and operational indicators.
The improved device over 300 s provides a temperature in the center of a product of 90 °C, and on surface layers ‒ 130 °C, which characterizes the culinary readiness of meat products. When making samples conventionally, the surface layer warms up to 120 °C, and the central layer – to 72 °C, at the temperature of the contact surface of 160 °C over 180 s with crust formation. In addition, the difference between the opposite layers of the control sample is 85 °C, which confirms the uneven heating during frying in the conventional way, which is explained by the need to use auxiliary operations for turning the product. The heating time to operating temperature was reduced by 88.6 %, specific heat consumption was decreased by 43.0, and productivity by 14.8 %, with full culinary readiness of products, compared with the conventional device.
The increase in the resource efficiency of the apparatus for frying meat products was confirmed, which is achieved by the implementation of the proposed design and hardware solutions to ensure the competitiveness of the apparatus that will make it possible to prepare original meat products
Determining the strained state of prefabricated metal corrugated structures of a tunnel overpass exposed to the dynamic loading from railroad rolling stock
Authors: Kovalchuk Vitalii , Koval Maksym , Onyshchenko Artur , Kravets Ivan , Bal Olena , Markul Ruslan , Vikhot Svitlana , Petrenko Oleksiy , Rybak Roman , Milyanych Andriy 
Published: July 2022

This paper reports the analysis of prospects for the use of prefabricated metal corrugated structures in the body of the embankment of a railroad track in the form of a tunnel overpass in order to pass road vehicles and railroad rolling stock.
A technique of inertial dynamic tests of the deformed state of a tunnel overpass from prefabricated metal corrugated structures during the passage of railroad rolling stock is given, by measuring accelerations at the top and on the sides of overpass structures.
An algorithm is proposed for processing the acceleration signal for assessing the strained state of metal corrugated structures of a tunnel overpass under the action of dynamic load from railroad transport.
Experimental dynamic measurements of accelerations arising at the top and on the sides of a tunnel overpass during the passage of passenger and freight railroad rolling stock were carried out. The maximum value of accelerations arising at the top of a tunnel overpass during the passage of a freight train was 7.99 m/s2, and when passing a passenger train – 6.21 m/s2; the maximum accelerations that occur on the sides were 2.63 m/s2 and 1.77 m/s2.
It is established that the maximum deformations of metal corrugated structures of the top of a tunnel overpass, when passing freight and passenger trains are, respectively, 1.63 mm and 1.11 mm. The maximum strains of metal corrugated structures on the sides of an overpass are 1.07 mm and 0.48 mm.
The value of relative deformations in the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the structures of a tunnel overpass under the action of dynamic loads from the railroad rolling stock has been found. The relative vertical strains of an overpass amounted to 0.020 %; horizontal – 0.012 %.
The practical significance of this work is that with the help of the devised procedure for measuring accelerations, it is possible to assess the strained state of metal corrugated structures under the influence of dynamic loads from the railroad rolling stock
Analysis of the impact of personnel competency on uncertainty during calibration
Authors: Eremenko Vladymir , Mokiichuk Valentyn , Pashchenko Nataliia , Samoilichenko Olha , Priadko Olga 
Published: July 2022

The object of this study is the assessment of total uncertainty during calibration in terms of assessing the component due to the competence of the personnel. The problems addressed here related to the lack of regulatorily-defined decision criteria regarding the materiality of the impact of the study component; improvement of existing statistics that would minimize errors of the first and second kinds to make a decision on the impact of personnel competence on uncertainty during calibration. A brief interpretation of the results obtained regarding errors of the first and second kinds and insufficient power of En, the statistics, which are most often used by calibration laboratories, alternative statistics are explained by violation of the conditions of their use. The proposed method based on the modified En-statistics shows the power of more than 95 % and the absence of parcels of the first and second kinds. This is due to the developed modification, which makes it possible to take into consideration the maximum permissible uncertainty. The peculiarity is the flexibility of the formula since the maximum permissible uncertainty is chosen according to metrological rules for the selection of standards. It differs for various measuring instruments; a specialist can be allowed to calibrate a less accurate measuring equipment tools and is not allowed to have high-precision ones. The scope of use of the obtained results can be certified calibration laboratories. This procedure will make it possible to obtain reliable data to devise internal methods for assessing uncertainty during calibration. The conditions for the practical use of the proposed method of assessing the impact of personnel based on the modified En-statistics in calibration laboratories are the presence of calibration methods that largely depend on the competence of the personnel, such as measurement of linear and mechanical quantities
Preparation of aurum chloride complex and its use for industrial acetylene hydration catalyst process
Authors: Kokhan Ivan , Kudryavtsev Sergey , Merzhyievskyi Danylo 
Published: July 2022

The use of a modern homogeneous metal complex catalyst for the hydration of acetylenes is being investigated. The process is relevant both for the industry of basic organic synthesis and for the perfume industry. The analysis of existing processes used in industry for the production of acetaldehyde was carried out. Significant shortcomings of existing processes are revealed: low environmental friendliness and high energy consumption. To solve this problem, the reaction of hydration of an acetylene compound was studied using a modern homogeneous catalyst based on gold, which is not toxic. The study was conducted by selecting aliquots during the reaction. Using the 1H NMR spectroscopy method, the conversion values of phenylacetylene were calculated for the time values corresponding to the moments of aliquot sampling. The reaction order with respect to phenylacetylene was calculated and the reaction constant under the reaction conditions was calculated. When reacting in the presence of the proposed catalyst, a conversion of phenylacetylene of 86.96 % is achieved in 3 hours. The data obtained provide grounds for carrying out the process of catalytic hydration of acetylenes, namely phenylacetylene, with the production of acetophenone, which is important for use in the perfume industry. The data obtained can be applied to the process of hydration of acetylene with the formation of acetaldehyde, which is widely used in the industry of basic organic synthesis. For the process of catalytic hydration of acetylene compounds, a hardware design is proposed, a gas-liquid reactor with a changing hydrodynamic situation, which, together with the product separation column, is combined into a single installation. Using an optimized method, a catalyst based on gold chloride was synthesized from a gold alloy.