bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stable Multi‐Wavelength Lasing in Single Perovskite Quantum Dot Superlattice
Authors: Chen Linqi , Zhou Beier , Hu Yingjie , Dong Hongxing , Zhang Ge , Shi Yifeng , Zhang Long 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSingle perovskite alloy micro‐nano structure capable of emitting multi‐wavelength tunable lasing is desirable for its potential application in highly integrated photonic devices. However, owing to the soft and dynamic crystal lattice of perovskite and the low mobility energy of halide anion, it is still a challenge to obtain alloy micro‐nano structures with a stable bandgap gradient. Herein, based on the highly ordered superlattice consisting of well‐separated individual quantum dots and precise anion exchange strategy, a single perovskite alloy superlattice is obtained with a widely tunable bandgap. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra results indicate that the stability of the bandgap difference of the alloy superlattice sample is approximately 10 times higher than that of the previously reported perovskite single‐crystal alloy nanowires. By combination of quantitative study based on confocal PL measurements and theoretical calculations, the kinetics and atomic‐scale anion exchange mechanism are analyzed, the latter being responsible for the formation of stable bandgap gradient in the alloy superlattice. Multi‐wavelength lasing is further realized in single alloy superlattice. In addition, carrier transportation dynamics reveals the energy‐transfer process in the alloy superlattice, explaining the difficulties of realizing multicolor lasing. The work provides a new approach to solving problems in the field of stable multicolor microlasers.
Hepatobiliary Tumor Organoids Reveal HLA Class I Neoantigen Landscape and Antitumoral Activity of Neoantigen Peptide Enhanced with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Wang Wenwen , Yuan Tinggan , Ma Lili , Zhu Yanjing , Bao Jinxia , Zhao Xiaofang , Zhao Yan , Zong Yali , Zhang Yani , Yang Shuai , Qiu Xinyao , Shen Siyun , Wu Rui , Wu Tong , Wang Hongyang , Gao Dong , Wang Peng , Chen Lei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNeoantigen‐directed therapy lacks preclinical models recapitulating neoantigen characteristics of original tumors. It is urgent to develop a platform to assess T cell response for neoantigen screening. Here, immunogenic potential of neoantigen‐peptides of tumor tissues and matched organoids (n = 27 pairs) are analyzed by Score tools with whole genome sequencing (WGS)‐based human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐class‐I algorithms. The comparisons between 9203 predicted neoantigen‐peptides from 2449 mutations of tumor tissues and 9991 ones from 2637 mutations of matched organoids demonstrate that organoids preserved majority of genetic features, HLA alleles, and similar neoantigen landscape of original tumors. Higher neoantigen load is observed in tumors with early stage. Multiomics analysis combining WGS, RNA‐seq, single‐cell RNA‐seq, mass spectrometry filters out 93 candidate neoantigen‐peptides with strong immunogenic potential for functional validation in five organoids. Immunogenic peptides are defined by inducing increased CD107aCD137IFN‐γ expressions and IFN‐γ secretion of CD8 cells in flow cytometry and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay assays. Nine immunogenic peptides shared by at least two individuals are validated, including peptide from TP53R90S. Organoid killing assay confirms the antitumor activity of validated immunogenic peptide‐reactive CD8 cells, which is further enhanced in the presence of immune checkpoint inhibitors. The study characterizes HLA‐class‐I neoantigen landscape in hepatobiliary tumor, providing practical strategy with tumor organoid model for neoantigen‐peptide identification in personalized immunotherapy.
A Learning‐Rate Modulable and Reliable TiOxMemristor Array for Robust, Fast, and Accurate Neuromorphic Computing
Authors: Jang Jingon , Gi Sanggyun , Yeo Injune , Choi Sanghyeon , Jang Seonghoon , Ham Seonggil , Lee Byunggeun , Wang Gunuk 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRealization of memristor‐based neuromorphic hardware system is important to achieve energy efficient bigdata processing and artificial intelligence in integrated device system‐level. In this sense, uniform and reliable titanium oxide (TiOx) memristor array devices are fabricated to be utilized as constituent device element in hardware neural network, representing passive matrix array structure enabling vector‐matrix multiplication process between multisignal and trained synaptic weight. In particular, in situ convolutional neural network hardware system is designed and implemented using a multiple 25 × 25 TiOxmemristor arrays and the memristor device parameters are developed to bring global constant voltage programming scheme for entire cells in crossbar array without any voltage tuning peripheral circuit such as transistor. Moreover, the learning rate modulation during in situ hardware training process is successfully achieved due to superior TiOxmemristor performance such as threshold uniformity (≈2.7%), device yield (> 99%), repetitive stability (≈3000 spikes), low asymmetry value of ≈1.43, ambient stability (6 months), and nonlinear pulse response. The learning rate modulable fast‐converging in situ training based on direct memristor operation shows five times less training iterations and reduces training energy compared to the conventional hardware in situ training at ≈95.2% of classification accuracy.
Hysteresis Induced by Incomplete Cationic Redox in Li‐Rich 3d‐Transition‐Metal Layered Oxides Cathodes
Authors: Fang Liang , Zhou Limin , Park Mihui , Han Daseul , Lee Gi‐Hyeok , Kang Seongkoo , Lee Suwon , Chen Mingzhe , Hu Zhe , Zhang Kai , Nam Kyung‐Wan , Kang Yong‐Mook 
Published: June 2022

AbstractActivation of oxygen redox during the first cycle has been reported as the main trigger of voltage hysteresis during further cycles in high‐energy‐density Li‐rich 3d‐transition‐metal layered oxides. However, it remains unclear whether hysteresis only occurs due to oxygen redox. Here, it is identified that the voltage hysteresis can highly correlate to cationic reduction during discharge in the Li‐rich layered oxide, Li1.2Ni0.4Mn0.4O2. In this material, the potential region of discharge accompanied by hysteresis is apparently separated from that of discharge unrelated to hysteresis. The quantitative analysis of soft/hard X‐ray absorption spectroscopies discloses that hysteresis is associated with an incomplete cationic reduction of Ni during discharge. The galvanostatic intermittent titration technique shows that the inevitable energy consumption caused by hysteresis corresponds to an overpotential of 0.3 V. The results unveil that hysteresis can also be affected by cationic redox in Li‐rich layered cathodes, implying that oxygen redox cannot be the only reason for the evolution of voltage hysteresis. Therefore, appropriate control of both cationic and anionic redox of Li‐rich layered oxides will allow them to reach their maximum energy density and efficiency.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Hydroboration of Alkynes with Carboranes: Facile Construction of a Library of Boron Cluster‐Based AIE‐Active Luminogens
Authors: Sun Fangxiang , Tan Shuaimin , Cao Hou‐Ji , Xu Jingkai , Bregadze Vladimir I. , Tu Deshuang , Lu Changsheng , Yan Hong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe classical aggregation‐induced emission (AIE)‐active luminogens (AIEgens) usually include two‐dimensional aromatic systems such as tetraphenylethenes, which are synthesized in several steps by using toxic additives. Here, we proposed a new molecular design strategy for the realization of AIE properties by combining three‐dimensional aromatic boron clusters of carboranes with vinyl group(s). To obtain a library of the boron cluster‐based AIEgens, a Pd‐catalyzed hydroboration of alkynes with carboranes is reported. This reaction protocol proceeds in one step under mild conditions with rapid reaction rate, excellent yields and regioselectivity. Photophysical property studies demonstrate that the facile molecular motions in solution can be inhibited in the solid state for these molecules, which leads to interesting AIE properties. This work provides not only a general design principle for AIEgens but also an efficient methodology to synthesize boron cluster‐based photo‐functional molecules.
Influence of MgO and ZnO as nano‐additives on the mechanical, microstructural and thermal performance of high‐density polyethylene
Authors: Mahmoud Mohamed E. , Khalifa Mohammed A. , Youssef Mahues R. , El‐Sharkawy Rehab M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPolymer nanocomposites have placed themselves in a highly favorable position in use in practical applications, with materials currently employed in technology related processes. This is because they have improved chemical, physical, morphological, structural, and mechanical properties compared to their polymer microcomposites counterparts or even neat polymer. In this study, two inorganic nanofillers, namely magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were separately incorporated into high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) by melt blending technique. The ZnO NPs contents in the nanocomposites were set at 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 6.0 wt%, while 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, and 8.0 wt% were used by MgO NPs. A comparative study was conducted between different features of the nanocomposites based on their compositions. Such features included mechanical properties, thermal stability, morphological, and structural properties. The as‐prepared nanocomposites were proven to be crystalline as confirmed from the XRD. Based on the SEM, both nanofillers were found homogenously dispersed in the HDPE matrix. DSC confirmed that the melting and crystallization behaviors of all nanocomposites were not significantly influenced by the addition of the nanofillers. Tensile tests were performed to determine elastic modulus, tensile stress at yield, tensile stress at break, along with tensile strain at yield values and tensile strain at break. The collected results revealed that loading 2.0 wt% ZnO NPs in the nanocomposites provided elastic modulus up to 237% compared to the pure HDPE. In the case of MgO NPs, as their loading in the nanocomposites reached 4.0 wt%, the elastic modulus increased to 160%. The tensile stress of synthesized nanocomposites increased up to 35.95 ± 2.09 MPa using 2.0 wt% ZnO NPs‐filled nanocomposites and up to 28.15 ± 0.91 using 4.0 wt% MgO NPs. Overall, the 2.0 wt% ZnO/HDPE nanocomposite presented better mechanical characteristics in comparison to other tested nanocomposites in this study.
Two‐stage screened selection designs for randomized phase II trials with time‐to‐event endpoints
Authors: Wu Jianrong , Pan Haitao , Hsu Chia‐Wei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPhase II exploratory multiarm studies that randomize among new treatments are found to be broadly useful and appear to be of value both scientifically and logistically, especially in the areas of unmet needs, for example, pediatric cancer. This multiarm design also has a faster recruitment rate because it provides patients with more treatment choices than traditional two‐arm randomized controlled trials do. In contrast to direct formal comparisons in multiarm multistage designs, for example, umbrella or platform designs, the screened selection design (SSD) recommends using a promising treatment arm by ranking according to the effect size, which often needs lesser sample sizes than the former. In this paper, the usefulness of the phase II SSD design is exemplified by three real trials. However, the existing SSD methods can only deal with binary endpoints. Motivated by the real trials in the authors' respective institutions, we propose using the two‐stage SSD and its variant for randomized phase II trials with the time‐to‐event endpoint. The proposed methods not only provide a high probability of selecting a superior treatment arm but also control the type I error rate for testing the efficacy of each treatment arm versus a common external control. Sample size calculations have been derived and simulation studies demonstrate desirable operating characteristics. The proposed design has been used for designing three real trials. An R package frequentistSSD has been developed and is freely accessible for practitioners.
Association between pesticide exposure and neurobehavioral performance of agricultural workers: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Tiwari Sujan , Sapkota Namrata , Tiwari Sagun , Sapkota Bhanu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundPesticide exposure has affected humans’ health, especially those directly in contact with a pesticide like agricultural workers. Here, we sought to see a link between pesticide exposure and cognitive impairment among male agricultural workers.MethodsWe selected 18–60 years old 100 male agricultural workers who came for their health check‐up in the hospital's out‐patient department from August 2020 to May 2021. Standardized questionnaires (German Q18 questionnaire) and WHO Neurobehavioral Core Test Battery were used to examine the neurobehavioral performance of the individuals. The data were presented in a descriptive manner and statistically examined using the chi‐square test.ResultsThe male agricultural workers’ neurobehavioral performance was 46% normal and 54% abnormal. Headaches, impaired focus, short memory, weariness, palpitation, and numbness were the most prevalent neurobehavioral impairments. The chi‐square test revealed that spraying frequency (p =.010), personal protective equipment (PPE) use (p < .001), and smoking habits (p =.006) were all linked to neurobehavioral performance, while spraying duration (p =.804), working years (p =.234), pesticide types (p =.816), and spraying time (p =.867) were not linked to neurobehavioral performance.ConclusionWe found that pesticide exposure has a certain role on neurobehavioral performance in adult male agricultural workers as more people have been affected; however, a considerable number of confounding factors might have played a significant role in giving rise to such results. The government should be concerned about farmer's neurobehavioral performance and implement different approaches to minimize the use of pesticides so that agricultural workers can work without any mental health problems.
Radiotherapy with continued EGFR‐TKIs for oligoprogressive disease in EGFR‐mutated non‐small cell lung cancer: A real‐world study
Authors: Hu Chunhong , Wu Sixuan , Deng Renfang , Wu Yuanqiang , Pan Yue , Shu Long , Wu Fang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundEpidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐mutated non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) develops resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Here, we evaluated the efficacy of radiotherapy and continuation of TKIs in patients with advanced NSCLC with oligoprogression after EGFR‐TKIs.MethodsFrom January 2011 to January 2019, 33 patients with EGFR‐mutated NSCLC on TKIs were treated by radiotherapy and continuation of TKIs for oligoprogressive disease. The primary endpoints were median progression‐free survival 1 (mPFS1), mPFS2, and median overall survival (mOS). PFS1 was measured from the start of EGFR‐TKIs therapy to the oligoprogression of the disease. PFS2 was measured from the date of oligoprogression to the further progression of the disease, while OS was calculated from oligoprogression to death from any cause or was censored at the last follow‐up date.ResultThe mPFS1, mPFS2, and mOS were 11.0 (95% CI, 4.4–17.6), 6.5 (95% CI, 1.4–11.6) and 21.8 (95% CI, 14.8–28.8) months, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that EGFR mutation type (p = 0.024), radiotherapy method (p = 0.001), and performance status (p = 0.017) were significantly correlated with PFS2. Univariate analysis showed that sex (p = 0.038), smoking history (p = 0.031), EGFR mutation type (p = 0.012), and radiotherapy method (p = 0.009) were significantly correlated with OS. Multivariate analysis suggested that radiotherapy method (p = 0.001) and performance status (p = 0.048) were prognostic factors for PFS2, and radiotherapy method (p = 0.040) was a prognostic factor for OS.ConclusionRadiotherapy with continued TKIs is effective for EGFR‐mutated NSCLC with oligoprogression, and it should be conducted as soon as possible. T790M+ patients have higher sensitivity to radiotherapy, and patients with good performance status and stereotactic body radiation therapy have better PFS2 and OS.
Pandemic‐resilient target setting in colorectal cancer screening for vulnerable older population
Authors: Shibata Toshiaki , Shinjo Daisuke , Takahashi Junichi , Fushimi Kiyohide 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundColorectal cancer screening (CRCS) needs to be pandemic‐resilient to avoid long‐lasting shutdowns; however, realistic participation target remains unelucidated. This study aimed to identify the lowest acceptable participation rate in CRCS during a pandemic, focusing on vulnerable older populations who require urgent intervention.MethodsThis nationwide cross‐sectional study included 80,946 inpatients aged 70–85 years who were first diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) after 70 years of age, between April 1, 2014 and March 31, 2019, in Japan. To evaluate the association between area‐level CRCS participation rate and individual early CRC detection, a multilevel logistic regression model was constructed. The mandatorily implemented screening rates were converted to the total screening rate equivalents (TSREs), which reflect the remaining contributions of voluntarily provided screenings.ResultsEarly detections during stages 0–I were significantly observed when primary screening rate was ≥38% (TSRE) and combined follow‐up rate was ≥85%. For early detection during Tis–T1, primary screening rate ≥ 38% (TSRE) and combined follow‐up rate ≥ 90% were necessary. For follow‐up rates ≥70% or ≥75%, there were cases where missed detection of Tis–T1 were observed.ConclusionThe results indicate that, even during pandemic, CRCS should achieve a primary screening rate of 38% and follow‐up rate of 85% for vulnerable older populations. These values, lower than the current desirable rates, suggest the maximum possible compromise in balancing the resources between cancer screening and pandemic measures. Moreover, they also indicate the minimum target for shifting to fecal immunochemical test‐focused program. Further explorations with varied CRCS settings are necessary for verification.
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients with uninterrupted vitamin K antagonists
Authors: Robert Pierre , Akodad Mariama , Lattuca Benoit , Gandet Thomas , Macia Jean‐Christophe , Schmutz Laurent , Delseny Delphine , Piot Christophe , Leclercq Florence , Cayla Guillaume 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundBridging of vitamin K antagonist (VKA) with heparin is usually not promoted during interventional or surgical procedures related to increased risk of bleeding and thrombotic events but this strategy has not been evaluated during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).PurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the rate of major bleeding and vascular complications after TAVI performed in patients with uninterrupted VKA.MethodsFrom January 2016 to October 2017, consecutive patients who underwent TAVI with uninterrupted VKA (International Normalized Ratio [INR] between 1.5 and 3.5) were prospectively included in a monocentric registry. TAVI was performed according to current guidelines and a 50 U/kg bolus of heparin was injected at the beginning of the procedure for all patients. Vascular and bleeding complications were assessed using the Valve Academic Research Consortium 3 (VARC3) and the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) definitions at a 30‐day follow‐up.ResultsA total of 88 patients were included with a median age of 84 years (81.8–87.0), 42% being female. The median society of thoracic surgeons score was 5.1 (4.1–7.5), the median CHADS2‐VASc was 5.5 (5–6) and 60.2% had a chronic kidney failure. Median INR at the time of implantation was 2.1 (1.8–2.6). The main VKA indication was atrial fibrillation. Transfemoral access was used in 88.6% of the patients. Major bleeding (BARC ≥ 3b) occurred in five patients (5.7%) and major vascular complications occurred in seven patients (8.0%). At 1 month follow‐up, major bleeding (BARC ≥ 3) or vascular complications occurred in 10 patients (11.4%). In patients with major bleeding peripheral arterial disease (RR = 10.95; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.63–73.75; p = 0.014) and carotid access (RR = 8.56; 95% CI 1.19–1.51; p = 0.033) were more common. INR > 2.5 was significantly associated with vascular complications (RR = 7.14; 95% CI 1.29–39.63; p = 0.025). At 30 days, mortality and stroke rates were 2.3% and 4.5%, respectively.ConclusionTAVI with uninterrupted VKA treatment seems feasible and safe with a low risk of major bleeding and vascular complications in this first single‐center experience. Particular caution is advocated in high body mass index patients and to keep INR < 2.5.
Structural Engineering of Nitrogen‐Doped MoS2 Anchored on Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes towards Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Li He , Xie Fei , Snyders Rony , Bittencourt Carla , Li Wenjiang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMolybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has emerged as an attractive non‐noble‐metal electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), but its performance is limited by scarce active sites and poor conductivity. Herein, we construct a hetero‐structure of nitrogen‐doped MoS2 ultrathin nanosheets anchored on nitrogen‐doped multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (N−MoS2/N−CNTs) using urea as N‐doping reagent. It is demonstrated that the N species can expand the interlayer spacing of MoS2 and in‐situ substitute the S atoms in MoS2 lattices to create more structural defects, enabling highly exposed basal plane/edge sites. Simultaneously, N species in CNTs favor the interface coupling between N−MoS2 and N−CNTs, which can maintain structural stability and accelerate electron/proton reaction kinetics. Consequently, N−MoS2/N−CNTs exhibits the in‐depth enhancement of HER activity with a low onset potential (77 mV), small Tafel slope (40.5 mV dec−1) and excellent cycling stability. Furthermore, the essential relationship between the N‐doping concentration and HER activity of N−MoS2/N−CNTs was demonstrated.
Reconstitution of muscle cell microtubule organization in vitro
Authors: Nadkarni Ambika V. , Heald Rebecca 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSkeletal muscle differentiation occurs as muscle precursor cells (myoblasts) elongate and fuse to form multinucleated syncytial myotubes in which the highly‐organized actomyosin sarcomeres of muscle fibers assemble. Although less well characterized, the microtubule cytoskeleton also undergoes dramatic rearrangement during myogenesis. The centrosome‐nucleated microtubule array found in myoblasts is lost as the nuclear membrane acquires microtubule nucleating activity and microtubules emerge from multiple sites in the cell, eventually rearranging into a grid‐like pattern in myotubes. In order to characterize perinuclear microtubule organization using a biochemically tractable system, we isolated nuclei from mouse C2C12 skeletal muscle cells during the course of differentiation and incubated them in cytoplasmic extracts prepared from eggs of the frog Xenopus laevis. Whereas centrosomes associated with myoblast nuclei gave rise to radial microtubule arrays in extracts, myotube nuclei produced a sun‐like pattern with microtubules transiently nucleating from the entire nuclear envelope. Perinuclear microtubule growth was suppressed by inhibition of Aurora A kinase or by degradation of RNA, treatments that also inhibited microtubule growth from sperm centrosomes. Myotube nuclei displayed microtubule motor‐based movements leading to their separation, as occurs in myotubes. This in vitro assay therefore recapitulates key features of microtubule organization and nuclear movement observed during muscle cell differentiation.