bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diameter-dependent ultrafast lithium-ion transport in carbon nanotubes
Authors: Fu Zhong-Heng , Chen Xiang , Yao Nan , Yu Le-Geng , Shen Xin , Shi Shaochen , Zhang Rui , Sha Zhengju , Feng Shuai , Xia Yu , Zhang Qiang 
Published: December 2022

Ion transport in solids is a key topic in solid-state ionics. It is critical but challenging to understand the relationship between material structures and ion transport. Nanochannels in crystals provide ion transport pathways, which are responsible for the fast ion transport in fast lithium (Li)-ion conductors. The controlled synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) provides a promising approach to artificially regulating nanochannels. Herein, the CNTs with a diameter of 5.5 Å are predicted to exhibit an ultralow Li-ion diffusion barrier of about 10 meV, much lower than those in routine solid electrolyte materials. Such a characteristic is attributed to the similar chemical environment of a Li ion during its diffusion based on atomic and electronic structure analyses. The concerted diffusion of Li ions ensures high ionic conductivities of CNTs. These results not only reveal the immense potential of CNTs for fast Li-ion transport but also provide a new understanding for rationally designing solid materials with high ionic conductivities.
Investigating the vibration response and modulation mechanism for health monitoring of wind turbine planetary gearboxes using a tribodynamics-based analytical model
Authors: Li Junjie , Tong Shuiguang , Tong Zheming , Li Hongkun , Cong Feiyun , Cheng Weihao , Dong Guangming 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In a wind turbine (WT) planetary gearbox system, the characteristics of incipient faults are difficult to recognize with increasing friction under a lack of lubrication condition. To this end, a translational–torsional coupled nonlinear tribodynamic model considering local faults is developed. A fitted time-varying transfer function is obtained using an impact experiment excited by a planet gear with a missing tooth and is further used to represent the modulation effect caused by the carrier. Using the proposed analytical model, the vibration response and modulation mechanism of the resultant signal under the coupling effect of tooth root crack and sliding friction are investigated. It is demonstrated that specific sidebands are greatly excited and the spectrum structure becomes extremely complex after the introduction of friction. Based on these results, sideband indicators are obtained to monitor the lubrication state and detect incipient faults. The experimental results based on an in-house WT drivetrain testbench are in good agreement with the simulation results.
Foreground segmentation and location of coal and gangue under complex similar background
Authors: Luo Qisheng , Wang Shuang , Guo Yongcun , He Lei , Cheng Gang , Li Xin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
To improve the foreground segmentation and location accuracy of complex coal gangue images with gray histogram distribution close to the unimodal shape, a contour detection algorithm of the grayscale fluctuation matrix is proposed. The contour and non-contour pixels of coal and gangue images are investigated, and the result indicates that the gray values of the pixels around the contour exhibit the non-uniform distribution, and the gray value changes in different directions are significantly different. Accordingly, a grayscale fluctuation matrix is built by calculating the change amplitude of pixels in different directions, and multiple features are extracted from the grayscale fluctuation matrix to realize the target contour segmentation. Furthermore, the contour is optimized using the historical and future information of the contour image, thus effectively removing numerous false contours, reproducing some hidden contours and increasing segmentation accuracy. This method has high accuracy, and the maximum error rates of the pixel area and center coordinate of contour detection are 4.404% and 3.18% respectively. This study provides a feasible solution to the edge detection and segmentation of images with similar and complex backgrounds.
Simulation study of a brain PET scanner using TOF-DOI detectors equipped with first interaction position detection
Authors: Li Yingying , Watanabe Mitsuo , Isobe Takashi , Ote Kibo , Tokui Aoi , Omura Tomohide , Liu Huafeng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objective. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance characteristics of a brain positron emission tomography (PET) scanner composed of four-layer independent read-out time-of-flight depth-of-interaction (TOF-DOI) detectors capable of first interaction position (FIP) detection, using Geant4 application for tomographic emission(GATE). This includes the spatial resolution, sensitivity, count rate capability, and reconstructed image quality. Approach. The proposed TOF-DOI PET detector comprises four layers of a 50 × 50 cerium-doped lutetium–yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO:Ce) scintillator array with 1 mm pitch size, coupled to a 16 × 16 multi-pixel photon counter array with 3.0 mm × 3.0 mm photosensitive segments. Along the direction distant from the center field-of-view (FOV), the scintillator thickness of the four layers is 2.5, 3, 4, and 6 mm. The four layers were simulated with a 150 ps coincidence time resolution and the independent readout make the FIP detection capable. The spatial resolution and imaging performance were compared among the true-FIP, winner-takes-all (WTA) and front-layer FIP (FL-FIP) methods (FL-FIP selects the interaction position located on the front-most interaction layer in all the interaction layers). The National Electrical Manufacturers Association NU 2-2018 procedure was referred and modified to evaluate the performance of proposed scanner. Main results. In detector evaluation, the intrinsic spatial resolutions were 0.52 and 0.76 mm full width at half-maximum (FWHM) at 0° and 30° incident γ-rays in the first layer pair, respectively. The reconstructed spatial resolution by the filter backprojection (FBP) achieved sub-millimeter FWHM on average over the whole FOV. The maximum true count rate was 207.6 kcps at 15 kBq ml−1 and the noise equivalent count rate (NECR_2R) was 54.7 kcps at 6.0 kBq ml−1. Total sensitivity was 45.2 cps kBq−1 and 48.4 cps kBq−1 at the center and 10 cm off-center FOV, respectively. The TOF and DOI reconstructions significantly improved the image quality in the phantom studies. Moreover, the FL-FIP outperformed the conventional WTA method in terms of the spatial resolution and image quality. Significance. The proposed brain PET scanner could achieve sub-millimeter spatial resolution and high image quality with TOF and DOI reconstruction, which is meaningful to the clinical oncology research. Meanwhile, the comparison among the three positioning methods indicated that the FL-FIP decreased the image degradation caused by Compton scatter more than WTA.
Remote EPID-based dosimetric auditing using DVH patient dose analysis
Authors: Greer P B , Standen T , David R , Miri N , Bobrowski K , Lehmann J , Zwan B , Moore A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objective. The aim of this work was to develop and validate a method for remote dosimetric auditing that enables dose-volume histogram parameter comparisons of measured and planned dose in the patient CT volume. Approach. The method is derived by adapting and combining a remote electronic portal imaging (EPID) based auditing method (Virtual Epid based Standard Phantom Audit—VESPA) and a method to estimate 3D in-patient dose distributions from planar dosimetric measurements. The method was tested with a series of error-induced plans including monitor unit and multileaf collimator (MLC) positioning errors. A pilot audit study was conducted with eleven radiotherapy centres. IMRT plans from two clinical trials, a post-prostatectomy (RAVES trial) plan and a head and neck (HPV trial) plan were utilized. Clinically relevant DVH parameters for the planned dose and estimated measured dose were compared. Main results. The method was found to reproduce the induced dose errors within 0.5% and was sensitive to MLC positioning errors as small as 0.5 mm. For the RAVES plan audit all DVH results except one were within 3% and for the HPV plan audit all DVH results were within 3% except three with a maximum difference of 3.2%. Significance. The results from the audit method produce clinically meaningful DVH metrics for the audited plan and could enable an improved understanding of a centre’s radiotherapy quality.
A dynamic-static combination model based on radiomics features for prostate cancer using multiparametric MRI
Authors: Li Shuqin , Zheng Tingting , Fan Zhou , Qu Hui , Wang Jianfeng , Bi Jianbin , Lv Qingjie , Zhang Gejun , Cui Xiaoyu , Zhao Yue 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objective. To propose a new dynamic multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) radiomics method for the detection of prostate cancer (PCa), and establish a combined model using dynamic and static radiomics features based on this method. Approach. A total of 166 patients (82 PCa patients and 84 non-PCa patients) were enrolled in the study, and 31 872 mpMRI images were performed in a radiomics workflow. The whole prostate segmentation and traditional static radiomics features extraction were performed on intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI, b value of 10, 50, 100, 150, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1500 s mm−2 respectively), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) sequences respectively. Through the building of each b-value DWI model and the analysis of the static key radiomics features, three types of dynamic features called standard discrete (SD), parameter (P) and relative change rate (RCR) were constructed. And the b-value parameters used to construct dynamic features were divided into three groups (‘Df_’, ‘Db_’ and ‘Da_’): the front part (10–200 s mm−2), the back part (400–1500 s mm−2), and all (10–1500 s mm−2) of the b-values set, respectively. Afterwards, the dynamic mpMRI model and combined model construction were constructed, and the PCa discrimination performance of each model was evaluated. Main results. The models based on dynamic features showed good potential for PCa identification. Where, the results of Db_SD, Da_P and Db_P models were encouraging (test cohort AUCs: 90.78%, 87.60%, 86.3%), which was better than the commonly used ADC model (AUC of ADC was 75.48%). Among the combined models, the models using static features of T2WI and dynamic features performed the best. The AUC of Db_SD + T2WI, Db_P + T2WI and Db_RCR + T2WI model was 92.90%, 91.29% and 81.46%. Significance. The dynamic-static combination model based on dynamic mpMRI radiomics method has a good effect on the identification of PCa. This method has broad application prospects in PCa individual diagnosis management.
Doping dependence of the upper critical field in untwinned YBa2Cu3O

7−δ

thin films
Authors: Wahlberg Eric , Arpaia Riccardo , Kalaboukhov Alexei , Bauch Thilo , Lombardi Floriana 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We report on measurements of the doping dependence of the upper critical field

H

c
,
2

in 50 nm thick YBa2Cu3O

7
−
δ

films. The films are untwinned and are characterized by a small in-plane compressive strain. We find that the

H

c
,
2

shows a strong decrease in the underdoped region of the phase diagram, in agreement with that which has been measured in relaxed single crystals. The origin of the decrease of

H

c
,
2

in the underdoped regime is discussed within a scenario where charge density wave (CDW) order competes with superconductivity. This demonstrates the potential of using thin films to study the phase diagram of high-T

c
materials under strain, and opens up the possibility for investigating the interplay between CDW order and superconductivity tuned by strain.
Optimization of the structural and optical properties of ALD grown ZnO thin films for photocatalytic applications: thickness dependence
Authors: Shenouda S S , Saif M , Baradács E , Parditka B , Fodor T , Erdélyi Z 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Thin films of ZnO with different thicknesses (ranging from 8 to 40 nm) have been prepared by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition. Grazing incidence x-ray diffraction shows the nano-crystalline structure of the films with high degree of disorder. The films have also lattice oxygen and non-lattice oxygen where the film with 20 nm thickness has the highest percentage of the non-lattice oxygen. These films have indirect optical transitions. The energy gap increases slightly with decreasing the film thickness (2.96, 3.03 and 3.16 eV for the thicknesses 40, 20 and 8 nm, respectively). These films have strong photocatalytic activity to treat the water from the organic dyes such as Levafix Brilliant Red. The film with thickness 20 nm has the optimum photocatalytic activity and the lowest contact angle with water. The photoinduced super-hydrophilic nature of ZnO film (20 nm) renders this film suitable for antifogging application. The high photocatalytic activity and super-hydrophilicity are due to the low recombination rate of charge carriers accompanied to the excess of oxygen vacancies and the high degree of structural disorder.
Probabilities for informational free lunches in stochastic thermodynamics
Authors: Paraguassú Pedro V , Defaveri Lucianno , Duarte Queirós Sílvio M , Morgado Welles A M 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
By considering an explicit nonequilibrium model, we analyze the statistics of the irreversible work, w
irr, and the irreversible entropy production, Δ
i

s, within the stochastic energetics framework. Restating the second law of thermodynamics as a function of w
irr, we introduce the explicit probability of violating the canonical form of that second law for a different set of parameters and initial conditions of the model. Moreover, we study the irreversible entropy production along the same lines, since it can be cast as a generalization of the irreversible work. From an informational perspective, our result allows one to quantify the probability of deleting information without performing work, contrarily to the Landauer’s principle, which we classify as an informational free lunch. We chose for the initial conditions cases of low information content (equilibrium) and high information content (delta distributed).
C/X/Ku triple-band all-metal slot antenna
Authors: Cheng Xiaoyu , Bi Shaofeng , Sun Yunfei , Yuan Chengwei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Most multi-band all-metal slot antennas are dual-band. Their design concept is not feasible for triple-band antennas. A triple-band all-metal slot antenna is designed using an electromagnetic band gap structure (EBG). The antenna can work at C/X/Ku-band. Simulated results are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of the design. The compact antenna expands the working frequency of an all-metal slot antenna, which is especially appealing for high-power antennas.
Reference Map Generation for Synthetic Aperture Radar Based on CycleGAN
Authors: Meng Lingyu , Xing Zhiqiang , Fu Dongning 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The real-time closed-loop simulator of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) needs to input the SAR radar reference map as the simulation target scene information in the process of simulation. However, it is difficult to obtain the scene map of SAR radar in the detection range that is realistic and consistent with the task target, and the data sets are limited. In this article, Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Networks (CycleGAN) is applied to realize the migration learning of SAR radar reference map and solve the task required of a directional generation of SAR images.
Design of a Miniaturized Cavity Bandpass Filter
Authors: Du Shanshan , Yang Qinghui , Wang Ming , Fan Xinan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A novel design of a miniaturized cavity filter structure is proposed in this paper. The filter adopts a combination of interdigital and combines coupling structures instead of the traditional filter structure to reduce the filter size while ensuring excellent performance. The size is further reduced by adding metal rectangular blocks on the filter covers to increase the capacitance between the open end of the resonant rod and the ground and the coupling between the resonant rods. The critical parameters were designed and optimized by CST Studio Suite. Consequently, a nine-stage bandpass filter was fabricated and realized at 4.75 GHz with a fractional bandwidth of 10.5% and insertion loss of less than 0.7 dB.
A Video Description Model with Improved Attention Mechanism
Authors: Huang Feiyan , Zeng Shangyou , Ke Jie , Lei Songtong , Wang JinJin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Video description generation refers to the automatic generation of text descriptions of videos by computers, which belongs to the intersection of computer vision and natural language processing. Aiming at the problem that the traditional attention mechanism has insufficient ability to extract video features, the model is complex and the description quality is not high, this paper proposes a video description model with an improved attention mechanism. The model is based on the encoder-decoder structure, uses inception-v4 as the encoder to extract features, and introduces a lightweight coordinate attention module (CA) into the attention mechanism, which improves the feature extraction effect and reduces the model complexity, and sends the extracted important feature information into the decoder long short-term memory network (LSTM) to generate the description sentence corresponding to the video. The model is validated on the MSVD dataset using various evaluation metrics (BLEU, ROUGEL, CIDEr, METEOR). The experimental results show that the improved attention mechanism of the video description model proposed in this paper has better accuracy in different performance metrics and can further improve the performance of video description.
Shift Gait: A Skeleton-Based Gait Recognition Method
Authors: Tan Yao , Yu Lei , Xie Datao , Tang Baoxiang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Gait recognition is a promising biometrics identification technology that is widely used in criminal investigations, surveillance systems, social security, and other fields. Most existing methods of gait recognition are appearance-based methods that use silhouettes as the input of networks to acquire gait features. However, silhouettes will be lost fine-grained spatial information. In addition, the silhouette contains other information that is not related to gait, such as dress, backpack, etc., therefore, it cannot be treated as a pure “gait” recognition. At the same time, most methods do not take into account the complexity of background extraction in the context of dynamic changes. To solve the above mentioned problems, ShiftGait, a method based on skeletal features, is proposed, which extracts body posture from RGB images using 2D pose estimator and feeds the extracted skeletal sequences into graph convolutional network to acquire the features of skeletal sequences. Finally, the extracted features are used for classification. Experiments on the CASIA-B dataset indicates that our network is superior and more robust to dressing changes.
BPSK/BOC Modulation Signal System for GPS Satellite Navigation Signals
Authors: Liu Haochen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
With the continuous research and development of the global positioning system in various countries, the requirements for the accuracy and efficiency of GPS signals are getting higher and higher. To improve the performance of GPS signal modulation, this research focuses on the BPSK modulation signal and the BOC modulation signal and introduces the basic principles and practical uses of the two modulation signals. Based on the disadvantage of weak anti-noise of BPSK modulated signal and high ambiguity of BOC modulated signal, two algorithms of signal-to-noise ratio estimation and parallel phase code acquisition are introduced in this paper. By introducing the principles and functions of the two algorithms, the improvement of the optimization algorithm for the two modulated signals is expounded. This paper introduces the working principle of the GPS signal, shows the advantages and future development prospects of the BPSK modulation signal and the BOC signal based on the GPS modulation signal, and compares the two modulation signals with the optimization algorithm. The BOC modulated signal shows superior performance. Combined with the optimization algorithm, high-precision transmission signals can be achieved, but the requirements for the receiver are high. The BPSK modulation signal combined with the optimization algorithm can meet most of the needs in life. Still, it is slightly worse than the BOC modulation signal in the face of high-precision and high-demand signal transmission.
Joint Interference Cancellation and Symbol Detection for Multistatic Backscatter System
Authors: Liu Wanxian , He Xiuli , Wang Ze , Zhao Li , Xu Hongbo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Backscatter communication is a promising passive radio technique for the green Internet of Things (IoT) due to its low cost and low power consumption. However, the limited communication range is a challenging issue because of the double fading of the backscatter link. This paper proposes a multi-static backscatter system in which multiple readers illuminate a tag simultaneously to strengthen the received backscatter signals. In this system, direct links greatly impact the backscatter links, making it difficult to recover the tag information. The interference cancellation (IC) is exploited to cancel out the interference of the direct link and improve the detection probability. Then the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm is used for symbol detection, in which latent variable is introduced to form simpler distribution, and parameters are updated based on their probability. The numerical results verify the better performance of our proposed method.
ILP-based multiperiod flow routing and scheduling method in time-sensitive network
Authors: Wang Jin , Zhou Liang , Tian Li 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Time-sensitive network (TSN) provides end-to-end data transfer with very low latency and high reliability on the basis of Ethernet. It is suitable for time-sensitive applications and will be widely used in scenarios such as autonomous driving and industrial Internet. When the existing time-sensitive flow routing and scheduling methods do not consider the shared bandwidth of the flow triggered by different cycle times, the possibility of conflict is different, which leads to the inaccuracy of the index to measure the scheduling bottleneck. This paper analyses the different cycle time-sensitive flow between the possibility of conflict, puts forward a kind of applicable to passes based on integer linear programming cycle time-sensitive traffic scheduling algorithm, according to the characteristics of the cycle time-sensitive flow carries on the preliminary classification and sorting, and developed a series of scheduling constraints, implementation is sensitive to time flow of packet scheduling. The experiment can be conducted from the three perspectives of average end-to-end delay, maximum load, and flow scheduling. The proposed routing method was compared with the existing benchmark routing algorithm evaluation. The results show that the proposed method can significantly improve the capacity of the network sensitive to time flow, reduce load scheduling by optimizing the network bottleneck at the same time, and improve the schedulability.