bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co-composting of sawdust with food waste: effects of physical properties on composting process and products quality
Authors: BELLO HADI , AJAO Jamiu Olamilekan , SADIKU Nusirat Aderinsola 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Sawdust and food waste have been part of solid organic waste causing great environmental pollution. Composting is a popular utilization method of converting waste like sawdust and food waste to sanitized and stabilized soil amendment. Unfortunately, many composting systems failed due to a dearth of information as a result of little or no scientific research focused on the effects of the physical properties of composting materials on the composting process. To fill this knowledge gap, three composting experiments of food wastes mixed with sawdust at ratio 20:80, 30:70, and 40:60 and compacted to different initial bulk densities of 15, 20, and 25 kg/m3 respectively was carried out. Physicochemical parameters monitored throughout the composting process include bulk density; porosity; particle density, temperature, moisture content; pH, and electrical conductivity (EC). The highest temperature (65.3 oC) was recorded by trial 3 while trial 1 recorded the lowest temperature (49.3 0C). A steady decrease in temperature after the thermophilic stage was observed throughout the composting process. Among trials 1, 2, and 3, the maximum pH (9.2) and EC (5.1 mS/cm) were observed in compost trial 3. Additionally, the lowest pH (5.3) and EC (1.4 mS/cm) was observed in trial 1. Moisture content ranged from 60–15%. Trial 3 had the highest percentage finest and lowest fibrosity content. A significant increase in bulk density, porosity, and particle density was observed in the three compost trials. The compost’s bulk density of (25 kg/m3) in trial 3 was observed to attained maturity and stability as compared with trials 1 and 2.
LCBDE, three ports, and primary continuous suture of common bile duct for the treatment of cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis: a retrospective study in Eastern China
Authors: Zhao Chunlong , Hu Weidong , Ge Chen , He Songbing , Zhang Zhengwei , Zhao Wanwen , Dai Zhengxing , Tang Neng , Zhang Shuo , Wang Weiguo , Gu Jiayu , Xu Zipeng , Chen Chaobo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) plus laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) in combination with choledocholithiasis is convenient in the treatment of cholelithiasis. It has the advantage of accelerated recovery. This retrospective study aimed to summarize the experience of cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis treatment via LC plus LCBDE approach in Eastern China.
Methods
Patients diagnosed with cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis between July 2019 and October 2021 at the Xishan People’s Hospital of Wuxi City were included in the study. During treatment, patients who received LC + LCBDE + primary suturing of the CBD were assigned to the LCBDE-P group, and those who received LC + LCBDE + T-tube drainage of CBD were assigned to the LCBDE-T group. The measurement data were compared between the two groups. P-values < 0.05 indicated statistical significance.
Results
A total number of 88 patients (48 females and 40 males) were divided into two groups: LCBDE-P (n = 50) and LCBDE-T (n = 38). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that LCBDE-P affected the risk-adjusted hospitalization stay (unstandardized coefficient, -5.352 days; 95% CI: -0.387 to -4.761; P < 0.001) and medical cost (unstandardized coefficient, -0.494 RMB; 95% CI: -0.712 to -0.277; P < 0.001) with significant differences. On the other hand, no significant differences were detected in the operation time, intraoperative hemorrhage, clearance rate of CBD stones, postoperative liver function, and postoperative complications (P > 0.05) between the two groups.
Conclusions
LCBDE is a safe and feasible strategy for the management of cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis. Compared to LCBDE-T, LCBDE-P is an independent factor associated with the days and medical costs during hospitalization.
Hybrid recommender system with core users selection
Authors: Jin Chenxia , Mi Jusheng , Li Fachao , Zhang Jiahuan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Recommender system plays an increasingly important role in identifying the individual’s preference and accordingly makes a personalized recommendation. Matrix factorization is currently the most popular model-based collaborative filtering (CF) method that achieves high recommendation accuracy. However, similarity computation hinders the development of CF-based recommendation systems. Preference obtained only depends on the explicit rating without considering the implicit content feature, which is the root cause of preference bias. In this paper, the content feature of items described by fuzzy sets is integrated into the similarity computation, which helps to improve the accuracy of user preference modelling. The importance of a user is then defined according to preferences, which serves as a baseline standards of the core users selection. Furthermore, core users based matrix factorization model (CU-FHR) is established, then genetic algorithm is used to predict the missing rating on items. Finally, MovieLens is used to test the performance of our proposed method. Experiments show CU-FHR achieves better accuracy in prediction compared with the other recommendation methods.
Posterior Paramedian Approach—A Simple Technique to Obtain a Lateral Viewing Angle for Spinal Lesions
Authors: Chang Han Soo , Sano Fumiya , Sorimachi Takatoshi , Matsumae Mitsunori 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A wide lateral viewing angle is often necessary for spinal surgery. However, the skin and paraspinal muscles limit this angle in the traditional posterior midline approach. This article describes a simple, less-invasive approach that provides good lateral viewing angles to spinal lesions. The approach consisted of (1) a horizontal skin incision, (2) unilateral dissection and exposure of the laminae, (3) a horizontal fascial incision, and (4) application of retractors in the longitudinal direction with a minimal incision on the multifidus muscle. We successfully used this approach on 24 patients with various spinal diseases. The pathology of the lesions included nine schwannomas, five meningiomas, four ossification of ligamentum flavum (OLF), three malignant tumors, and three others. There were nine cervical, twelve thoracic, two lumbar, and one sacral lesions. We could achieve gross total removal in most cases without significant complications. The approach provided an excellent surgical field for removing ventrally located tumors with minimal cord retraction. This simple technique will be a valuable addition to the armamentarium of spine surgeons.
Evaluation of a grid-based surveillance strategy to ensure elimination and prevent reintroduction of malaria in high-risk border communities in China
Authors: Wang Duo-quan , Lu Shen-ning , Ding Wei , Wang Jia-zhi , Zhou Xing-wu , Xu Qiu-li , Sun Xiao-dong , Cotter Chris , Hsiang Michelle S , Tatarsky Allison , Gosling Roly , Lv Shan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Grid management is a grassroots governance strategy widely implemented in China since 2004 to improve the government’s efficiency to actively find and solve problems among populated regions. A grid-based strategy surveillancing high-risk groups, including mobile and migrant populations (MMPs), in the China–Myanmar border region has played an indispensable role in promoting and sustaining malaria elimination efforts by tracking and timely identification of potential importation or reintroduction of malaria among MMPs. This paper distills the implementation mechanism of the grid-based strategy for malaria surveillance and highlights the role of the grid-based strategy in the elimination and prevention of reestablishment of malaria transmission.
Novel efficiently piscine orally nano-vaccine delivery system: modified halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) preventing streptococcosis disease in Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.)
Authors: Pumchan Ansaya , Sae-Ueng Udom , Prasittichai Chaiya , Sirisuay Soranuth , Areechon Nontawith , Unajak Sasimanas 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Generally, the injection method is recommended as the best efficient method for vaccine application in fish. However, labor-intensive and difficult injecting to certain fish sizes is always considered as a limitation to the aquatic animals. To demonstrate the effectiveness of a novel oral delivery system for the piscine vaccine, the nano-delivery made from nano clay, halloysite nanotube (HNTs), and their modified forms, were loaded with killed vaccines and determined the ability of the system in releasing vaccines in the mimic digestive system. The efficaciousness of orally piscine vaccine nano-delivery was evaluated as the level of antibody production and level of disease prevention in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).
Results
Unmodified HNTs (H) and modified HNTs [HNT-Chitosan (HC), HNT-APTES (HA), and HNT-APTES-Chitosan (HAC)] were successfully harboring streptococcal bivalent vaccine; inactivated S. agalactiae, designated as HF, HAF, HCF, and HACF, respectively. The releasing of loading antigens in the mimic digestive tract demonstrated a diverse pattern of proteins releasing depending on the types of HNTs. Remarkedly, HCF could properly release loading antigens in relevance to the increasing pH buffer. The oral vaccines revealed the greatest elevation of specific antibodies to S. agalactiae serotype Ia in HCF orally administered fish and to some extent in serotype III. The efficacy of streptococcal disease protection was determined by continually feeding with HF, HAF, HCF, and HACF coated feed pellets for 7 days with a week after week program. HCF showed significant RPS (75.00 ± 10.83%) among other tested groups [HF (18.75 ± 10.83%), HAF (37.50 ± 10.83%) and HACF (18.75 ± 10.83%)]. Interestingly, the HCF-treated group exhibited noticeable efficacy similar to the bivalent vaccine injected group (RPS 81.25 ± 0.00%).
Conclusions
This novel nano-delivery system for the fish vaccine was successfully developed and exhibited appropriated immune stimulation and promised disease prevention through oral administration. This delivery system would greatly support animals’ immune stimulation which conquers the limitation in vaccine application in aquaculture systems. Moreover, this delivery system would apply to carry diverse types of biologics including DNA, RNA, and subunit protein vaccines.
Phase separation-mediated condensation of N protein-deaminase complex promotes SARS-CoV-2 mutagenesis
Authors: Huang Xingxu , Li Zhean , Luo Lingling , Ju Xiaohui , Huang Shisheng , Liu Jia , Zhang Pumin , Chi Tian , Ma Peixiang , Huang Cheng , Ding Qiang , Zhang Yu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants poses enormous challenges to the prevention and control of COVID-19 with alterations in antigenicity, transmissibility and pathogenicity. The rapid evolution of RNA viruses could be caused by high mutation frequencies during replication, arising by replication errors, intergenomic recombination or even host deaminases. We sought to understand whether host deaminases are involved in SARS-CoV-2 mutation, and how they orchestrate host deaminases to trigger this process. Herein, we provided the experimental evidence that APOBEC and ADAR deaminases act as the driving forces for SARS-CoV-2 mutagenesis. Mechanistically, SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein, which is responsible for packaging viral genomic RNA, complexes with host deaminases to facilitate viral RNA mutation. Moreover, N protein employs deaminases-involved condensates to further promote viral RNA mutation. Mutant N protein with F17A substitution, defective in entry of deaminases-involved RNA granules, leads to the decreased mutation of viral RNA, confirming the function of N protein-deaminase condensates on RNA editing. Our study sheds light on the novel mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 mutation during host-virus arms race.
Role of exogenous elicitors in canola plant defense against cabbage aphid by regulating physiological balance and secondary metabolite biosynthesis
Authors: Shahrokhi Mahdieh , Yali Maryam Pahlavan , Bozorg-Amirkalaee Maryam 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Induced resistance in plants can be manipulated by the application of elicitors. In this research, the effects of salicylic acid (SA), chitosan, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), Serenad Aso (Bacillus subtilis QST713), and integrated application of these elicitors were studied on the induced resistance of canola to the cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae L. (Hem: Aphididae). In the field experiments (during 2019 and 2020), the number of B. brassicae attracted to canola plants treated with different inducers was significantly lower compared to control plants. The lowest population density of this aphid was observed under treatments of SA + GABA and SA + chitosan. Moreover, the positive effect of the integrated application of SA and chitosan/GABA on canola growth parameters was significantly obvious in our study. The highest amounts of glucosinolates and total phenol were recorded in SA + GABA treatment. The contents of energy resources (sugar, lipid, and glycogen) of B. brassicae were lowest when fed on plants treated with SA integrated with GABA /chitosan. Furthermore, the activity of catalase, esterase, peroxidase, and glutathione S- transferase enzymes was the lowest on SA + GABA and SA + chitosan treatments. We concluded that these elicitors cause resistance induction of canola plants to the cabbage aphid. These findings especially suggested that SA integrated with GABA /chitosan on canola plants act successfully for reducing the B. brassicae population and can be considered in integrated management programs of this aphid.
A research on PM2.5 transmission mode based on motif analysis
Authors: Wang Dan , Wang Qian , Li Cuiping 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
PM2.5 has had a huge impact on human health and global climate. With accurate modeling ofthe transmission mode of PM2.5, the government can formulate and implement more preciseenvironmental policies to control PM2.5 emissions, thereby generating co-benefits in multiple fields.We select 93 cities including the three provinces of Northeast China, Shandong Province, HenanProvince, Shanxi Province and Jing-Jin-Ji region as examples. Higher-order organization of complexnetworks are applied to our study. The data we use contains meteorological conditions of wind speedand wind direction, social factor of region’s GDP (Gross Domestic Product), as well as geographicdistance and PM2.5 concentrations. To our knowledge,it is the first work to include GDP in the analysisof PM2.5 transmission. By the motif analysis method, the major potential PM2.5 pollution victims areidentified in each cluster. In the region including Shandong, Henan and Shanxi Province, Xingyang isvulnerable to pollution in PM2.5 transport. In the Jing-Jin-Ji region, Beijing and Tianjin are vulnerableto pollution. In addition, we also found that Shijiazhuang, Handan and Baoding, as the gathering placeof large-scale industries, are the main contributors of pollution transmission, which provides us witha strong guidance to control the pollution.
A Deep learning based patient care application for skin cancer detection
Authors: Dong Hanlin , Farid Farnaz 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Melanoma is one of the deadliest skin cancer. It can, however, be cured with a high success rate if found in the early stage. With the recent development in Artificial Intelligence (AI), there has been an increase in the research of Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) models for melanoma detection. However, such deployments are primarily trial-based and still waiting to gain wider acceptance from the practitioners. One of the primary reasons for such lower acceptance lies in the inherent approach and ethical concerns. To this end, our study designs a Deep Learning based recommendation application for the patients to advise whether they need to see a dermatologist based on provided skin lesion image. The traditional AI-based melanoma classifiers tend to be developed based on bulk image training and hence would classify images on an individual level. However, they neglect that a single skin lesion is merely a part of the patient. Thereby this research considers the contextual information between different lesions on the same patient. It produces a personalized patient classification rather than focusing on lesion level prediction. Several models are developed using ML and DL techniques, such as transfer learning and deep neural networks. These models are then tested on a real melanoma dataset with the true label provided. External benchmark is also established from recent similar studies using the same dataset. The best classifier achieves an 81.6% Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUROC) score using the patient's unique biological features.
Ontology-based rumor identification system using social network data
Authors: Sarfraz Amber , Ahmad Adnan , Zeshan Furkh , Ahmed Sohaib 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
With the tremendous expansion of online social networks (OSNs) such as Twitter and Facebook, have become not only one of the utmost effective modes for viral advertising. But also, the main source of news among people nowadays. Besides these encouraging features, however, comes the risk of rumor dissemination. Due to the enormous users of OSN, there is a considerable challenge to proficiently contain the viral spread of rumors. In addition, because of a huge number of news on OSN, the manual detection of rumors is not possible. So, we need an auto-detection and authentic knowledge sharing method in a machine-readable as well as the human-readable format for OSN. In this regard, several researchers, doing research in this domain. But no method deals with uniform, authentic, and machine-readable as well as human-readable knowledge sharing among OSN users. To address this issue, ontology-based systems can be used because ontology-based systems deal with all such kinds of issues very effectively. However, for effective categorization of OSN posts, ontology-based systems should consider roles, rating, confidence level, location, and post categorization while decision making about OSN posts. Whereas, several ontology-based methods presented for rumors verification, consider only a few requirements resulting in low accuracy of authenticated posts. Experimental results verify that the proposed ontology-based approach can produce accurate results according to human understanding.
Clinical Features of and Risk Factors for Infection in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Xie Yan , Lin Yiping 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
To explore the infection characteristics of patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA) and related risk factors for infection.
Methods
This was a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 648 hospitalized patients with RA, related risk factors for infection and infection sites, pathogens, and drug resistance patterns. The chi-square test 、Mann-Whitney U test and binary logistic-regression analysis were used to identify risk factors.
Results
A total of 648 patients with RA had 182 cases of infection, and the infection rate was 28.09%. Common infections were pneumonia(19.60%), urinary tract infections(5.25%), and upper respiratory tract infections(5.09%). Gram-negative bacteria ranked first in terms of pathogen composition (67.57%), and the main pathogenic bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus was the main pathogenic bacteria species among the gram-positive bacteria. The proportion of resistant isolates was relatively high, and the gram-negative bacteria had a relatively high sensitivity to penicillins/cephalosporins + β-lactamase inhibitors, aminoglycosides, and carbapenems. The risk factors included older age (P = 0.020), a long disease duration (P = 0.004), smoking (P = 0.016), hypoproteinaemia (P = 0.010),and the use of corticosteroids (P < 0.01).The use of nonbiologic disease-modifying antirheumaic drugs(DMARDs) was negatively associated with infection(P = 0.006).
Conclusions
Our results indicate that the most common infection sites in patients with RA were the respiratory and urinary tracts. Gram-negative bacteria were the common pathogens. RA patients with older age, a long disease duration, smoking, hypoproteinaemia, and long-term use of corticosteroids were prone to infection. Nonbiologic DMARDs use was significantly associated with a decreased risk for infection. The proportion of drug-resistant infections in patients with RA was relatively high.
Poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase inhibitors have efficacy in a fraction of platinum-resistant ovarian cancer patients
Authors: Zhang Mingjun , Lee Siyu , Fei Xichang , Wang Tao , Zheng Yuting , Dai Haiming 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUD：Platinum-based chemotherapies are widely used as first line treatments for ovarian cancer after debulking surgery. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) have also been approved for the treatment of some types of ovarian cancer, such as ovarian cancer with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations or deletions. Both platinum and PARPi treatments have been shown to relate to homologous recombination deficiency. However, whether PARPis are efficient in platinum-resistant patients is still unclear. METHODS：In this study, we enrolled 36 ovarian cancer patients who received treatments of both platinum and PARPis and analyzed the demographic, clinical, and pathological data. RESULTS：The results indicated that the patients who are sensitive to platinum had better responses to PARPis (P=0.004**, 99%CI: 0.002-0.005). PARPis show efficacy in a fraction of platinum resistant patients. Moreover, the earlier usage of PARPis was associated with a lower risk of death (P=0.006**, 95%CI: 0.66-0.630). CONCLUSIONS：Platinum-resistant patients were less responsive to PARPis. PARPis are also options for platinum-resistant patients.