bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved survival and higher rates of surgical resection associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in children as compared to young adults
Authors: Commander Sarah Jane , Cerullo Marcelo , Arjunji Neha , Leraas Harold J. , Thornton Steven , Ravindra Kadiyala , Tracy Elisabeth T. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHepatocellular adenocarcinoma (HCC) is the second most common primary hepatic malignancy in children with a 5‐year overall survival of 30%. Few studies have examined the similarities and differences between pediatric and adult HCC. This article aims to examine the relationship between tumor characteristics, treatments and outcomes in pediatric and adult patients with HCC. The 2019 National Cancer Database was queried for patients with HCC. Patients were stratified by age: pediatric <21 years (n = 214) and young adults 21 to 40 (n = 1102). Descriptive statistics and chi square were performed. The mean age at diagnosis was 15.5 years (SD 5.6) in the pediatric and 33 years (5.3) in the adult group. Children had a comparable rate of metastasis (30% vs 28%, P = .47) and increased fibrolamellar histology (32% vs 9%). Surgical resection was more common in children compared to adults (74% vs 62%, P < .001), children also had more lymph nodes examined (39% vs 19%, P < .001), positive lymph nodes (35% vs 17%, P = .02) and surgical resection when metastasis were present at diagnosis (46% vs 18%, P < .001). The 1‐, 3‐ and 5‐year overall survival was higher for pediatric patients than adults (81%, 65%, 55%, vs 70%, 54%, 48%). Despite higher prevalence of fibrolamellar histology, greater number of positive lymph nodes and comparable rates of metastasis at diagnosis, children with HCC have improved overall survival compared to adults. Age did not significantly contribute to survivorship, so it is likely that the more aggressive surgical approach contributed to the improved overall survival in pediatric patients.
The structure of menopausal syndrome: Using network analysis to understand unique symptomatic relationships
Authors: Zhao Di , Lv Gaorong , Qi Meiling , Xie Zihui , Zhang Yunxue , Zhou Miao , Wang Qing , Li Ping 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the network structure underlying the symptoms of menopausal syndrome and to identify the central and bridge symptoms of menopause among middle‐aged women.MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional survey study conducted in the Chinese community with a total of 1829 women aged 40–65 years. The Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) was used to assess the menopausal syndrome, including somato‐vegetative, psychological, and urogenital subdomains. The network analysis was performed to determine the central and bridge symptoms of menopause.ResultsIn the network of menopausal symptoms, anxiety, vaginal dryness, depressive mood, and irritability were the most central symptoms. Depressive mood, anxiety, and vaginal dryness were also detected as the bridge symptoms. The estimated network between the symptoms had good stability (CS‐strength = 0.75 and CS‐edge = 0.75).ConclusionThe present network analysis provided unique insights into the inner structure of menopausal symptoms. Psychological symptoms should be considered as the core symptoms in developing relevant interventions to improve the health and well‐being of middle‐aged women.
Safe abortion: A retrospective study of negative pressure suction in abortion under the monitoring of ultrasound
Authors: He Xi‐Feng , Du Xiu‐Ping , Qiao Cui‐Feng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo observe the effectiveness of ultrasound monitoring during negative pressure suction for abortion.MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed patients with abortion who underwent negative pressure suction, excluding 23 cases with incomplete information and missing interviews, leaving a total of 200 patients included in the study. They were divided into an ultrasound group (n = 100) and a non‐ultrasound group (n = 100) based on whether ultrasound monitoring was used. The ultrasound group was applied negative pressure suction under ultrasound monitoring, and the non‐ultrasound group was applied traditional negative pressure suction. The operative time and complications were assessed after the treatment.ResultsThe operative time in the ultrasound group was 3.19 ± 0.62 min and in the non‐ultrasound group was 6.35 ± 1.20 min, revealing a significantly shorter operative time in the ultrasound group than in the non‐ultrasound group (P < 0.05). There was one case of uterine residual in the ultrasound group. There were eight cases with uterine residuals, four cases with intrauterine adhesions, one case with missed aspiration, and one case with perforation of the uterus in the non‐ultrasound group. The complication rate in the ultrasound group was less than that in the non‐ultrasound group (P < 0.05).ConclusionUltrasound‐monitored negative pressure suction has obvious advantages over ordinary negative pressure suction in that it can shorten operation time, reduce operative complications, and ensure a safe and effective abortion.
The improvement of periodontal tissue regeneration using a 3D‐printed carbon nanotube/chitosan/sodium alginate composite scaffold
Authors: Suo Lai , Wu Hongshan , Wang Puyu , Xue Zhijun , Gao Jing , Shen Jing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPeriodontal disease is a common disease in the oral field, and many researchers are studying periodontal disease and try to find some biological scaffold materials to make periodontal tissue regenerative. In this study, we attempted to construct a carbon nanotube/chitosan/sodium alginate (CNT/CS/AL) ternary composite hydrogel and then prepare porous scaffold by 3D printing technology. Subsequently, characterizing the materials and testing the mechanical properties of the scaffold. Additionally, its effect on the proliferation of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) and its antibacterial effect on Porphyromonas gingivalis were detected. We found that CNT/CS/AL porous composite scaffolds with uniform pores could be successfully prepared. Moreover, with increasing CNT concentration, the degradation rate and the swelling degree of scaffold showed a downward trend. The compressive strength test indicated the elastic modulus of composite scaffolds ranged from 18 to 80 kPa, and 1% CNT/CS/AL group had the highest quantitative value. Subsequently, cell experiments showed that the CNT/CS/AL scaffold had good biocompatibility and could promote the proliferation of hPDLCs. Among 0.1%–1% CNT/CS/AL groups, the biocompatibility of 0.5% CNT/CS/AL scaffold performed best. Meanwhile, in vitro antibacterial experiments showed that the CNT/CS/AL scaffold had a certain bacteriostatic effect on P. gingivalis. When the concentration of CNT was more than 0.5%, the antimicrobial activity of composite scaffold was significantly promoted, and about 30% bacteria were inactivated. In conclusion, this 3D‐printed CNT/CS/AL composite scaffold, with good material properties, biocompatibility and bacteriostatic activity, may be used for periodontal tissue regeneration, providing a new avenue for the treatment of periodontal disease.
Scale use and abuse: Towards best practices in the deployment of scales
Authors: Haws Kelly L. , Sample Kevin L. , Hulland John 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGiven that consumer researchers and other social scientists often operate with latent constructs that are not directly observable, sound measurement practices are essential for the continual development of scientific knowledge. An abundance of validated and reliable scales to measure constructs of interest exists within the literature. However, once these measures are introduced, how are they subsequently utilized? In this article, we focus on the deployment of measurement scales and the critical underlying issues consumer behavior and marketing researchers should consider. We discuss recent practices in scale deployment and specifically scale modification (through changes in wording, length, and dimensionality). Building from this perspective, we provide recommendations for best practices in the usage, adaptation, validation, and reporting of previously introduced scales.
SYNGR2 serves as a prognostic biomarker and correlates with immune infiltrates in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Li Bin , Ren Mei‐Yu , Chen Yu‐Zhen , Meng Yu‐Qi , Song Tie‐Niu , Su Zhi‐Peng , Yang Bo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundSynaptogyrin‐2 (SYNGR2) plays an important role in regulating membrane traffic in non‐neuronal cells. However, the role of SYNGR2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear.MethodsAll original data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases and integrated via R 3.5.3. SYNGR2 expression was explored in the TCGA and GEO databases. The correlations between SYNGR2 and cancer immune characteristics were analyzed via the TIMER and TISIDB databases.ResultsIn general, SYNGR2 was predominantly overexpressed and had reference values in the diagnosis and prognostic estimation of ESCC. Upregulated SYNGR2 was associated with poorer overall survival, disease‐specific survival and T stage in ESCC. Mechanistically, we identified hub genes that included a total of 38 SYNGR2‐related genes, which were tightly associated with the protein polyubiquitination pathway in ESCC patients. SYNGR2 expression was negatively related to the infiltrating levels of T helper cells. SYNGR2 methylation was positively correlated with the expression of chemokines (CCL2 and CXCL12), chemokine receptors (CCR1 and CCR2), immunoinhibitors (CXCL12 and TNFRSF4) and immunostimulators (CSF1R and PDCD1LG2) in ESCC.ConclusionSYNGR2 may be used as a biomarker for determining prognosis and immune infiltration in ESCC.
A green approach for the catalyst‐free synthesis of imidazole‐bearing pyrazole moiety using PEG‐400 as an efficient recyclable medium as potential anti‐tubercular and anti‐microbial agents
Authors: Panchani Nayankumar M. , Kapadiya Khushal M. , Joshi Hitendrakumar S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPolyethylene glycol‐400 (PEG‐400) is a recyclable and rapid reaction medium for synthesizing a new series of 4‐(3‐[substitutedphenyl]‐4,5‐dihydro‐1‐phenyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐5‐yl)‐1H‐imidazoles in two‐step procedures by condensation of 1H‐imidazole‐4‐carbaldehyde and various acetophenones to form chalcones followed by base‐catalyzed cyclization employing phenyl hydrazine in a catalyst‐free approach. The way of projected approach provides easy work‐up, less reaction time, avoids metal‐based and toxic catalysts, high yield, and reduces the use of carcinogenic organic solvents. The synthesized scaffolds have been screened for their anti‐microbial and anti‐tubercular activity against a set of pathogens.
Synthesis of novel indole‐oxadiazole molecular hybrids by a regioselective C‐3 sulfenylation of indole with 1,3,4‐oxadiazole‐2‐thiols using iodine‐dimethyl sulfoxide and their anticancer properties
Authors: Dutta Kartik , Majumdar Ananda Guha , Kushwah Nisha , Wadawale Amey P. , Patro Birija S. , Ghosh Sunil K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNovel indole‐oxadiazole molecular hybrids have been synthesized by a regioselective C‐3 sulfenylation of indoles with 1,3,4‐oxadiazole‐2‐thiols for the first time using iodine as a catalyst and DMSO as a co‐oxidant. No other regioisomeric products were formed when the 3‐position of the indole is substituted. The method is mild and highly efficient with good substrate tolerance in both components. The indole‐oxadiazole hybrid compounds are tested for their antiproliferative activities against human breast carcinoma cell line MCF‐7 and a set of hybrids is identified as having moderate growth inhibition with IC50(10–25 μM). The indole‐oxadiazole hybrid3gcshowed the most significant cell proliferative activity against the MCF‐7 cell line with IC5010 μM.
Thunderstorm days over Argentina: Integration between human observations of thunder and the world wide lightning location network lightning data
Authors: Bertone Fiorela , Nicora Gabriela , Vidal Luciano 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStorms are one of nature's most dangerous phenomena; therefore, knowing their spatial distribution and evolution over time is of great interest for the protection of society, as well as for climate change adaptation strategies. The measurement of Thunderstorm days (Td) was one of the first tools used to monitor storms. The advent of automatic detection networks on the surface has allowed us to advance in the understanding and characterization of the electrical activity in the atmosphere, locating in real‐time electrical discharges and providing information over previously unrecorded regions. This work focuses on the integration of human observations at conventional meteorological stations and the data provided by the WWLLN surface discharge detection network in Argentina. The calibration methodology applied determined a mean human thunderstorm detection radius of 21 km which allowed the elaboration of isokeraunic maps for the period 2008–2017 for the region of interest. The spatial distribution of storms yielded the highest values of Td in the Argentine Northwest region with values above 100 Td·year−1 followed by a relative maximum in the Argentine Northeast with 80 Td·year−1 and the Sierras de Córdoba with 50 Td·year−1.
Changes in rainfall patterns in southern Brazil over 1961–2020 period detected by rain gauge data
Authors: Pittol Martini Luiz Carlos 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLong‐term instrumental climate records are a major source of data for historical trends and extreme event analysis. Time series analysis of several rain gauges shows that the mid‐latitudes of Brazil experienced an increase in both annual and extreme rainfall over the last 60 years (1961–2020). The annual time series shows a significant upward trend, while changes in the frequency and intensity of heavy rainfall indicate a shortening of the recurrence interval for extreme precipitation events. In support of these results, the standardized precipitation index (SPI) also shows a positive trend for rainfall anomalies. Thus, the flood risk is higher at present than a few decades ago, while drought intensity is lower for both short and long monthly intervals used for the SPI calculation. The 60‐year instrumental rainfall data for southern Brazil shows that the amount of rainfall and changes in intensity could be higher than climate projections from models based on a broader spatial scale.
Variations in July extreme precipitation in Henan Province and the related mechanisms
Authors: Qianrong Ma , Rui Hu , Yongping Wu , Jie Zhang , Rong Zhi , Guoling Feng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractExtreme precipitation in July across Henan Province and the possible mechanisms involved were investigated. The precipitation in Henan reaches its maximum in July. During 1979–2021, the precipitation in July changed weakly, but the intensity (R99p) and frequency (R99f) of extreme precipitation showed certain increasing trends, with a significant increase in northern Henan. The proportion of extreme precipitation in total precipitation exhibited a significant upward trend. Wavelet analysis results showed that the extreme precipitation in Henan mainly has a 2–3‐year periodicity, and remarkable interannual variation. Furthermore, nearly 80% of the July extreme precipitation events within the magnitude of 50–100 mm occurred 2–3 times. The first two empirical orthogonal function modes of July R99p exhibited a quasi‐monopole pattern (EOF1) and meridional dipole pattern (EOF2), respectively. Further analysis revealed that EOF1 and EOF2 were related to the Silk Road teleconnection pattern (SRP) and the East Asia/Pacific teleconnection pattern (EAP). Circulation factors influenced the interannual variation of R99p, especially in recent years. Furthermore, the associated sea surface temperature anomalies over the Western Pacific and Indian Ocean can intensify the eastward extension of the South Asian high and westward strengthening of the western Pacific subtropical high, which further impacted the SRP and EAP pattern and enhanced the increment of extreme precipitation in Henan Province.
Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Image‐Based Radiomics for the Diagnosis of Achilles Tendinopathy in Skiers
Authors: Wang Likun , Wen Dehui , Yin Yanlin , Zhang Peinan , Wen Wen , Gao Jun , Jiang Zekun 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesOur study aimed to develop and validate an efficient ultrasound image‐based radiomic model for determining the Achilles tendinopathy in skiers.MethodsA total of 88 feet of skiers clinically diagnosed with unilateral chronic Achilles tendinopathy and 51 healthy feet were included in our study. According to the time order of enrollment, the data were divided into a training set (n = 89) and a test set (n = 50). The regions of interest (ROIs) were segmented manually, and 833 radiomic features were extracted from red, green, blue color channels and grayscale of ROIs using Pyradiomics, respectively. Three feature selection and three machine learning modeling algorithms were implemented respectively, for determining the optimal radiomics pipeline. Finally, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), consistency analysis, and decision analysis were used to evaluate the diagnostic performance.ResultsBy comparing nine radiomics analysis strategies of three color channels and grayscale, the radiomic model under the green channel obtained the best diagnostic performance, using the Random Forest selection and Support Vector Machine modeling, which was selected as the final machine learning model. All the selected radiomic features were significantly associated with the Achilles tendinopathy (P < .05). The radiomic model had a training AUC of 0.98, a test AUC of 0.99, a sensitivity of 0.90, and a specificity of 1, which could bring sufficient clinical net benefits.ConclusionsUltrasound image‐based radiomics achieved high diagnostic performance, which could be used as an intelligent auxiliary tool for the diagnosis of Achilles tendinopathy.
Dissecting the Domains of Parkinson's Disease: Insights from Longitudinal Item Response Theory Modeling
Authors: Luo Sheng , Zou Haotian , Stebbins Glenn T. , Schwarzschild Michael A. , Macklin Eric A. , Chan James , Oakes David , Simuni Tanya , Goetz Christopher G. ,   Parkinson Study Group SURE‐PD3 Investigators
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundLongitudinal item response theory (IRT) models previously suggested that the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS‐UPDRS) motor examination has two salient domains, tremor and nontremor, that progress in time and in response to treatment differently.ObjectiveApply longitudinal IRT modeling, separating tremor and nontremor domains, to reanalyze outcomes in the previously published clinical trial (Study of Urate Elevation in Parkinson's Disease, Phase 3) that showed no overall treatment effects.MethodsWe applied unidimensional and multidimensional longitudinal IRT models to MDS‐UPDRS motor examination items in 298 participants with Parkinson's disease from the Study of Urate Elevation in Parkinson's Disease, Phase 3 (placebo vs. inosine) study. We separated 10 tremor items from 23 nontremor items and used Bayesian inference to estimate progression rates and sensitivity to treatment in overall motor severity and tremor and nontremor domains.ResultsThe progression rate was faster in the tremor domain than the nontremor domain before levodopa treatment. Inosine treatment had no effect on either domain relative to placebo. Levodopa treatment was associated with greater slowing of progression in the tremor domain than the nontremor domain regardless of inosine exposure. Linear patterns of progression were observed. Despite different domain‐specific progression patterns, tremor and nontremor severities at baseline and over time were significantly correlated.ConclusionsLongitudinal IRT analysis is a novel statistical method addressing limitations of traditional linear regression approaches. It is particularly useful because it can simultaneously monitor changes in different, but related, domains over time and in response to treatment interventions. We suggest that in neurological diseases with distinct impairment domains, clinical or anatomical, this application may identify patterns of change unappreciated by standard statistical methods. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Design and analysis of multilayer multipermittivity circularly polarized DRA for ultra‐wideband applications
Authors: Sani Md. Muzammil , Chowdhury Rakesh , Chaudhary Raghvendra Kumar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this article, a circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna is designed with ultra‐wideband (UWB) features. The structure comprises a cross‐shaped multilayer multipermittivity (MLMP) rectangular dielectric resonator, a chimney‐shaped patch, and an air gap between the ground plane and the dielectric resonator (DR). To obtain the UWB, the upper layer of DR is rotated around the z‐axis. The proposed antenna has measured UWB bandwidth of around 179.4% (0.8–14.8 GHz) below −10 dB, with three bands of 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of 97.8% (1.0–2.8 GHz), 38% (5.65–8.3 GHz), and 20% (12.1–14.8 GHz), respectively. The average gain of the proposed antenna is 5.64 dBi, which is consistent with the hardware measurements. The proposed antenna is suitable for covering the ultra high frequency (UHF) to Ku microwave frequency band.
Volumetric multiphase ventilation imaging based on four‐dimensional computed tomography for functional lung avoidance radiotherapy
Authors: Huang Yu‐Hua , Ren Ge , Xiao Haonan , Yang Dongrong , Kong Feng‐Ming (Spring) , Ho Wai Yin , Cai Jing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeCurrent computed tomography (CT)‐based lung ventilation imaging (CTVI) techniques derive a static ventilation image without temporal information. This research aims to develop a four‐dimensional CT (4DCT)‐based multiphase dynamic ventilation imaging framework capable of recovering the entire ventilation process throughout the breathing cycle for functional lung avoidance radiotherapy (FLART).MethodsA total of 15 free‐breathing thoracic 4DCT scans of lung or esophageal cancer patients were collected from the public datasets. The lung region of each phase image was first delineated, and then the mask‐free isotropic total variation image registration algorithm was used to derive the deformation vector fields between the end‐expiration (EE) phase and other phases. As a surrogate of ventilation, the voxel‐wise local expansion ratio of each phase relative to the EE phase was estimated using the parameterized Integrated Jacobian Formulation method in the EE phase coordinate. Lastly, the dynamic ventilation images were generated by warping these phase‐specific local expansion distributions with a same geometry into their respective breathing phases. Quantitative analysis, including interphase Spearman correlation coefficients, voxel‐wise, and regional‐wise expansion/contraction tracking, were performed to indirectly validate the proposed method.ResultsThe proposed method maintains the physiological meaning of ventilation on each phase and enables to recover the dynamic lung ventilation process. The mean interphase Spearman correlations ranged between 0.23 ± 0.20 and 0.93 ± 0.04 and decreased near the EE phase. Only 26.2% (2.59E + 6 out of 9.89E + 6) of lung voxels exhibited the same expansion/contraction pattern as the global lung. Qualitative and quantitative evaluations of the interphase ventilation distribution difference show that ventilation spatiotemporal heterogeneities generally exist during respiration.ConclusionsIn contrast to conventional CTVI metrics, our method enables to extract additional phase‐resolved respiration‐correlated information and reflects the generally existed ventilation spatiotemporal heterogeneities. Subsequent studies with quantitative phase‐by‐phase cross‐modality evaluations will further explore its potential to deepen our understanding of lung function and respiration mechanics and also to facilitate more accurate implementation of FLART.