bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 Mortality Risk Prediction using Clinical and Laboratory Examination: Machine Learning Approach for Implementation
Authors: Barough Siavash Shirzadeh , Safavi-Naini Seyed Amir Ahmad , Siavoshi Fatemeh , Tamimi Atena , Ilkhani Saba , Akbari Setareh , Ezzati Sadaf , Hatamabadi Hamidreza , Pourhoseingholi Mohamad Amin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background and Aim: We aimed to propose a mortality risk prediction tool to facilitate COVID-19 patient management and allocation for the frontline physician on admission day.
Methods: We used a dataset of confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to three general hospitals in Tehran. Clinical and laboratory values on admission were gathered. Different machine learning methods were used to assess the risk of in-hospital mortality, including logistic regression, k-nearest neighbor (KNN), gradient boosting classifier, random forest, support vector machine, and deep neural network (DNN). Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and Boruta feature selection methods were used for feature selection. The proposed model was selected using the area under the receiver operator curve (AUC). Furthermore, a dataset from the fourth hospital was used for external validation.
Results: 5320 hospitalized COVID-19 patients were enrolled in the study with a mean age of 61.6± 17.6 years and a fatality rate of 17.24% (N=917). All methods showed fair performance with AUC>80%, except for the KNN method. The feature selection method selected ten laboratories and eight clinical features. Our proposed DNN and LASSO feature selection methods showed AUC scores of 83.4% and 82.8% in internal and external validation, respectively. Furthermore, our imputer worked fairly when two out of ten laboratory parameters were missing (AUC=81.8%).
Conclusion: We worked intimately with healthcare professionals to provide a tool that can solve real-world needs. Our proposed model showed promising results and confirms the potential of ML methods for use in clinical practice as a decision-support system. Future studies are warranted to investigate barriers to the implementation of ML tools.
Alcohol Consumption and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Effects on Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Zheng Tingting , Wang Xuan , Kamili Kamila. , Luo Chaodi , Hu Yi , Wang Danni , Wang Boxiang , Gao Pengjie , Tian Gang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multisystem disease which is regarded as a separate risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD).Moderate alcohol consumption has been shown to reduce all-cause mortality in patients with NAFLD. Participants of ten rounds of the continuous National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES:1998-2018) were included in this study. Participants with an HSI score more than 36 were considered to have NAFLD, which was determined using the Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI) model. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate the effects of moderate alcohol consumption on CKD in both male and female populations. Subgroup analysis was performed after classifying patients with NAFLD by using the Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index.There were 17040 participants that qualified to take part in the study.The logistic regression analysis model showed that moderate alcohol consumption was a protective factor for CKD in male NAFLD patients, with an unadjusted OR: 0.37 (0.22,0.65), and P <0.001. After further adjustment for diabetes mellitus, ALT, AST, AKP, BUN, UA, HSI, TC and HDL-c, the association persisted. However, the association was not significant in female patients with NAFLD. Among men with low-fiber-risk, moderate alcohol consumption remained a protective factor for CKD (OR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.12-0.84, P=0.02), but the association was not significant in the high-fiber-risk group. Interestingly, patients with NAFLD who were at high risk of fibrosis showed a significant trend in favor of consuming more than or equal to 1.4 drinks per day (OR = 0.34, 95% CI 0.13-0.87, P=0.03).In female patients, both moderate alcohol consumption and excessive alcohol consumption were not significantly associated with CKD in either the low-risk group or the high-risk group. Taken together, moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a lower prevalence of CKD in men with NAFLD.
Impact of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) on pregnancy and newborn outcome
Authors: Sero Leyla , Okur Nilufer , Tunçel Duygu , Talay Mehmet Nur , Aydın Mustafa Fırat 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19); It was more devastating in people with comorbidities such as advanced age and immunodeficiency. Another group affected by COVID-19 was pregnant women. Immunological changes during pregnancy and conditions such as gestational diabetes and preeclampsia that occur during pregnancy also have effects on the fetus.
Objective: We aimed to analyze the effects of PCR-proven COVID-19 infection during pregnancy on fetus and newborn.
Study Design: Data from pregnant women with COVID-19 symptoms or a history of contact with people with COVID-19 who were infected with PCR-proven COVID-19 virus between December 2019 and October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical and laboratory data of pregnant women were analyzed. Death data associated with -19 were evaluated. Clinical and laboratory findings of newborns related to COVID-19 and mortality data related to COVID-19 were recorded.
Results: 327 pregnant women whose births were terminated by continuing their follow-up in our hospital were evaluated. 185 (56.6%) of the pregnant women had at least one COVID-19-related symptom. Thoracic computed tomography of ten cases included COVID-19 findings. Fifty-three (16.2%) pregnant women were over 35 years old. No significant difference was found between pregnancy over 35 years of age and maternal death. The rate of hospitalization in the intensive care unit of mothers with diabetes was statistically higher (p=0.034). The mortality rate was higher in preeclamptic mothers (p=0.029).
A total of 34 infants died; 21 died in the intrauterine period and 13 died in the postnatal period. 5 of the neonatal deaths were due to COVID-19.
Conclusion: While COVID-19 infection in pregnancy seriously affects mortality and morbidity in pregnant women, it also causes mortality and morbidity on the fetus.
Surviving the COVID-19 Pandemic: Navigating the Recovery of Breast Imaging Services in a Safety-Net Hospital
Authors: Porembka Jessica H. , Seiler Stephen J. , Ozcan Berat Bersu , Evans W. Phil , Tiro Jasmin , Dogan Basak E. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of COVID-19 on county safety-net breast imaging services and describe the steps taken to actively manage and mitigate delays.
Methods: This was an IRB exempt retrospective review of our county-safety net Breast Imaging practice analyzed for 4 distinct time-periods: 1) “Shut-down period”: March 17, 2020 to May 17, 2020; 2) “Phased reopening”: May 18, 2020 to June 30, 2020; 3) “Ramp-up”: July 1, 2020 to September 30, 2020; and 4) “Current state”: October 1, 2020 to September 30, 2021. These time-periods were compared to identical time-periods 1 year prior.
Results: Our safety-net practice sustained significant volume losses during the first 3 time-periods with a 99% reduction in screening mammography in the shut-down period. Cancers diagnosed decreased by 17% in 2020 (n=229) compared to 2019 (n=276). By implementing multiple initiatives that targeted improved access to care, including building community-hospital partnerships and engagement through outreach events, a community education roadshow and community health, we were able to recover and significantly exceed our pandemic screening volumes by 48.1% (27,279 vs 18,419) from October 1, 2020 to September 30, 2021 compared to the identical time-period 1-year prior, and exceed our pre-pandemic screening volume by 17.4% (27,279 vs 23,234) compared to the identical time-period 2-years prior.
Conclusion: We present a roadmap for community outreach and optimized navigation, which helped maintain patient engagement and continue breast imaging services to low-income and minoritized women, as a guide for other safety-net practices.
Genetic dissection of root architecture in Ethiopian sorghum landraces
Authors: Bantte Kassahun , Menamo Temesgen Matiwos , Borrell Andrew K. , Mace Emma , Jordan David R. , Tao Yongfu , Hunt Colleen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The root system architecture (RSA) of crop plants influences adaptation to water-limited conditions and determines the capacity of a plant to access soil water and nutrients. Four key root traits (number, angle, length and dry mass) were evaluated in a diversity panel of 1,171 Ethiopian sorghum landraces using purpose-built root chambers. Significant genetic variation was observed in all studied root traits, with nodal root angle ranging from 16.4° to 26.6°, with a high repeatability of 78.9%. Genome wide association studies (GWAS) identified a total of 22 genomic regions associated with root traits which were distributed on all chromosomes except chromosome SBI-10. Among the 22 root genomic regions, 15 co-located with RSA trait QTL previously identified in sorghum, with the remaining seven representing novel RSA QTL. The majority (85.7%) of identified root angle QTL also co-localized with QTL previously identified for stay-green in sorghum. This suggests that the stay-green phenotype might be associated with root architecture that enhances water extraction during water stress conditions. The results open avenues for manipulating root phenotypes to improve productivity in abiotic stress environments via marker-assisted selection.
End of life in patients attended by pediatric palliative care teams: What factors influence the place of death and compliance with family preferences?
Authors: Cantero Maria José Peláez , Asencio Jose Miguel Morales , Mingorance Álvaro Navarro , Rodriguez Aurora Madrid , Tolmo Ángela Tavera , Sánchez Olga Escobosa , Alba Ricardo Martino 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Each year more than 8 million children worldwide require specialized palliative care, yet there is little evidence available in pediatrics on the characteristics of the end of life in this context. Our aim is analyse the characteristics of patients who die in the care of specific pediatric palliative care teams.
Methods
Ambispective, analytical observational, multicenter study between 1 January and 31 December 2019. 14 specific pediatric palliative care teams participated.
Results
164 patients, most of them suffering from oncologic, neurologic and neuromuscular processes. The follow-up time was 2.4 months. The parents voiced preferences in respect of place of death for 125 of the patients (76.2%). The place of death for 95 patients (57.9%) was the hospital and 67 (40.9%) was home. The existence of a palliative care team for over 5 years is more likely to be related to families voicing preferences and their fulfillment. Longer follow-up times by pediatric palliative care teams were observed in families with whom preferences regarding place of death were discussed and in patients who died at home. Patients who did not receive home visits, when the pediatric palliative care team did not provide full care and when preferences regarding place of death were not discussed with parents were more likely to die in hospital.
Conclusions
Advance planning of end-of-life care is one of the most important aspects of pediatric palliative care. The provision of services by the teams and the follow-up time are related with parents expressed preferences and the place of death.
Traits and anthocyanin genetic characteristics of the progeny of crosses between white 2 azalea 'Rhododendron hybridum Hot' and pink Rhododendron pulchurum 'Wan Xia'
Authors: Jiang Baoxin , Wang Qinghao , Yang Guoxia , Xie Xiaohong , Farooq Muhammad Ahsan Farooq Muhammad Ahsan , Zhou Weijun , Wu Yueyan , Jia Yonghong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Rhododendron is a world-famous ornamental flower with an abundance of genetic resources for producing different flower color varieties through breeding. However, the lack of genetic knowledge involved mechanisms behind the flower color formation have hindered the breeding process. In this study, a cross was made between the female pink Rhododendron pulchurum 'WanXia' and the male white 'Rhododendron hybridum Hot'. A total of 61 hybrid progenies with four different flower colors including white, pink, rose and red were produced and analyzed to identify the inheritance pattern of flower color as well as their genetic diversity in the whole group. The results of the combined qualitative and quantitative trait analysis disclosed that the germplasm resources in the hybrid progeny plants were genetically enriched, which can provide an excellent germplasm for screening and breeding new Rhododendron varieties. The anthocyanin-3-O-glucoside (Cy3G) contents of hybrid progeny petals were measured using high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). The total anthocyanin (TA) contents were calculated by first developing a linear equation (y=36.52x-59.18, R2=0.998) with anthocyanin-3-O-glucoside (Cy3G) specimens. The results revealed that TA was positively and significantly correlated with the color parameter a* values as the flower color of the hybrid progeny was gradually deepened from white to red. The value of parameter L* was gradually decreased, while a*, C* and TA contents were gradually increased. L* displayed to be both significantly and negatively correlated with a*, C*and TA contents. From the trait characteristics of each progeny plants, it was observed that No.52 Pink azalea has the highest pedicel length and petal number, while No.37 Red 2 azalea has the highest corolla lobe length, corolla lobe width and TA content. Our findings indicate that it may be feasible to breed Rhododendron varieties with new flower colors based on width and TA content. In conclusion, our outcomes propose that there is probability to produce Rhododendron varieties with new flower colors by crossing and screening hybrid progenies.
Feeling alone in pandemic lockdown. Psychological correlates of perceived loneliness in college students before and during the COVID-19 stay-at-home period: A longitudinal study
Authors: Conti Chiara , Lanzara Roberta , Rosa Ilenia , Müller Markus M. , Porcelli Piero 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Loneliness is increasingly acknowledged as a serious public health issue. This longitudinal study aimed to assess the extent to which psychological distress and alexithymia can predict loneliness among Italian college students before and one year after the COVID-19 outbreak.
Methods: A convenience sample of 177 psychology college students were recruited. Loneliness (UCLA), alexithymia (TAS-20), anxiety symptoms (GAD-7), depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), and somatic symptoms (PHQ-15) were assessed before the COVID-19 outbreak and one year after the spread of COVID-19 worldwide.
Results: After controlling for baseline covariation, lonely students showed significantly higher levels of psychological distress and alexithymia over time. Feelings of loneliness one year after pandemic-related, forced stay-at-home were significantly and independently predicted at 41% by depression and alexithymic traits both before and one year after the lockdown period.
Conclusions: College students with higher levels of depression and alexithymic traits both before and one year after the lockdown were more at risk of suffering from perceived loneliness and may constitute the target sample for psychological support and intervention.
Spectroscape: Real-time Query and Visualization of a Spectral Archive of Millions of Tandem Mass Spectra
Authors: Lam Henry , Wu Long , Hoque Ayman 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In proteomics, spectral archives organize the enormous amounts of publicly available peptide tandem mass spectra by similarity, offering opportunities for error correction and novel discoveries. Here we adapted an indexing algorithm developed by Facebook for organizing online multimedia resources to tandem mass spectra, and achieved practically instantaneous retrieval and spectrum clustering of approximate nearest neighbors in a large spectral archive. An interactive web-based graphical user interface enables the user to view a query spectrum in its clustered “neighborhood,” which facilitate contextual validation of peptide identifications and exploration of the dark proteome.
A conceptual framework to develop a patient-reported questionnaire on the cystic fibrosis care pathway in France: the ExPaParM collaborative study
Authors: Pougheon Dominique , Fanchini Agathe , Lombrail Pierre , Rault Gilles , Chansard Audrey , Breton Nicolas Le , Frenod Cecile , Milon Fanny , Heymes-Royer Christine , Segretain David , Silber Marion , Therouanne Sophie , Haesebaert Julie , Llerena Cathy , Michel Philippe , Reynaud Quitterie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background:
The objective of the study was to elaborate a conceptual framework related to the domains of patient experience along the cystic fibrosis (CF) pathway from the patients and parents of children with CF to inform the design of a patient-reported experience questionnaire.
Method:
A collaborative research group including patients and parents with clinicians and academic researchers was set up. They identified the situations along the CF pathway from diagnosis to paediatric care, transition to adult care and adult follow-up, transfer to transplant centres and follow-up after transplantation. Participants were recruited by partner CF centres in metropolitan France and overseas departments. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, transcribed verbatim and subjected to an inductive analysis conducted in duos of researchers/co-researchers using NVivo®. The conceptual framework was discussed with the research group and presented to the CF centres during two video conferences. The protocol obtained a favourable opinion from the Ethics Evaluation Committee of INSERM (IRB00003888 - no. 20–700).
Results:
The analysis led to a conceptual framework composed of domains of the CF journey, each divided into several items. 1/ CF care: Management of care by the CF centre team; in-hospital care; quality of care in the community; therapeutic education and self-management support; at-home care; new therapies and research; procreation; 2/ Transplant care: management of transplant and CF care; coordination with other specialties; education and self-management support; at-home care; procreation; new therapies and research; 3/ Turning points along the journey : diagnosis of CF, transition to adult care, transfer to transplantation; 4/ Social life with CF: housing, employment and education, social relations, social welfare and family finances. The number of patients included and the diversity of situations made it possible to achieve a sufficient richness and saturation of codes by domain to develop patient experience questionnaires.
Conclusion:
This conceptual framework, resulting from the participants’ experience, will inform the design of a patient-reported experience tool, whose construct will be tested during the next phase of the ExPaParM project to assess its fidelity, intelligibility, and ability to report patient experience of the CF journey.
Durvalumab plus tremelimumab for the treatment of advanced neuroendocrine neoplasms of gastroenteropancreatic and lung origin: the phase II DUNE trial (GETNE 1601)
Authors: Capdevila Jaume , Hernando Jorge , Teule Alex , Lopez Carlos , Garcia-Carbonero Rocío , Benavent Marta , Custodio Ana , Garcia-Alvarez Alejandro , Cubillo Antonio , Alonso Vicente , Carmona-Bayonas Alberto , Alonso-Gordoa Teresa , Crespo Guillermo , Jimenez-Fonseca Paula , Blanco Montserrat , Viudez Antonio , Casta Adelaida La , Sevilla Isabel , Segura Angel , Llanos Marta , Landolfi Stefania , Nuciforo Paolo , Manzano Jose Luis 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Single immune checkpoint blockade in advanced neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) shows limited efficacy; dual checkpoint blockade may improve treatment activity. Dune is a non-randomized controlled multicohort phase II clinical trial evaluating durvalumab plus tremelimumab activity and safety in advanced NENs.
This study included 123 patients presenting between 2017 and 2019 with typical/atypical lung carcinoids (Cohort (C) 1), G1/2 gastrointestinal (C2), G1/2 pancreatic (C3) and G3 gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) (C4) NENs; who progressed to standard therapies. Patients received 1500 mg durvalumab and 75 mg tremelimumab for up to 13 and 4 cycles (every 4 weeks), respectively. The primary objective was the 9-month (m) disease control rate (DCR) for C1-3 and 9-m overall survival (OS) rate for C4.
Median follow-up was 16.5 m; 9-m DCR was 25.9%/35.5%/25% for C1, 2, and 3 respectively. The 9-m OS rate for C4 was 36.1%. Benefit in C4 was observed regardless of differentiation and Ki67 levels. PD-L1 combined scores did not correlate with treatment activity. Safety profile was consistent with that of prior studies.
In conclusion, durvalumab plus tremelimumab was safe in NENs and showed modest survival benefit in G3 GEP-NENs; with one-third of these patients experiencing a prolonged OS.
in-situ observation of the decomposition process of woodchips in subcritical- and supercritical water by neutron imaging
Authors: Yoshida Koji , Abe Jun , Matsumoto Yoshihiro , MIshima Kenji 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
in-situ observation of the decomposition process of woodchips (cedar and Quercus acutissima) in subcritical- and supercritical water was performed by neutron imaging experiment. The woodchips and D2O were sealed into a stainless tube, and the tube was heated up to 500ºC by a block heater designed for neutron imaging. The neutron imaging experiment was performed in BL22 RADEN of J-PARC MLF. The decomposition processes of the woodchips in D2O solvent were visualized clearly in time-lapse images. The outside of woodchips was partially broken at 300ºC. The woodchips have a porous structure at 450ºC, and D2O penetrates the pores. The skeleton of the woodchips remains even at 500ºC. These results will be useful for the development of biomass processing technology using high-temperature and high-pressure water.
On the Utility of the Thermal-Pseudo Mechanical Model’s Residual Stress Prediction Capability for the Development of Friction Stir Processing
Authors: Balusu Kranthi , Choi Kyoo Sil , Das Hrishikesh , Samanta Avik , Upadhyay Piyush , Jana Saumyadeep , Soulami Ayoub 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates the thermal-pseudo mechanical (TPM) model’s residual stress prediction capability for its utility in developing friction stir processing (FSP). Specifically, two FSP tests under different processing conditions were conducted, and the corresponding simulations were carried out to verify if the TPM model can predict residual stresses for various tool radii and workpiece materials. The model was successful in predicting residual stresses for one of the tests but failed to work for the other test. Further simulations under different FSP conditions prove that the TPM model works for cast aluminum alloys in addition to wrought aluminum alloys. However, there is only a range of tool radii for which the TPM model is applicable, and the large FSP tool used is the reason for the model’s failure on one of the tests. As a solution, this paper suggests modifications to the TPM model based on calibration to the FSP test temperatures. The calibrated TPM model still cannot predict the effect of the tool radii on the residual stresses; however, the effect on residual stresses due to changes in the process parameters, such as the tool traverse & rotation speeds and the clamping conditions, can be predicted.