bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Goal-directed fluid therapy combined with dexmedetomidine precipitates neurological outcomes in patients undergoing surgery for traumatic brain injury A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Xiong Fuli , Zhang Zhiqiang , Bian Qinghu , Meng Yajing , Meng Lijiang , Gao Li , Zhang Shan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Dexmedetomidine is a new type of highly selective α2- adrenergic receptor agonist, which is commonly used in clinical anesthesia. It has been found that dexmedetomidine can protect the brain of patients with traumatic brain injury. At present, there is no report of compound dexmedetomidine for traumatic brain injury patients who receive goal-oriented liquid therapy. This study was to evaluate the effect of goal-directed fluid therapy combined (GDFT) strategy combined with dexmedetomidine on neurological outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) surgery.
Methods
One hundred-twenty patients with TBI were randomly divided into four groups: control group, GDFT group, dexmedetomidine group and GDFT with dexmedetomidine group. Perioperative transfusion volume and hemodynamics, Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) and postoperative length of hospital stay were recorded. Cerebral oxygen metabolism indexes and biomarkers for brain injury were determined.
Results
GDFT combined with dexmedetomidine decreased perioperative total transfusion volume including crystalloid and colloidal solution volume than dexmedetomidine group. Combination therapy of GDFT + dexmedetomidine decreased jugular bulb lactate than that at end of the surgery in control group, and had higher SjvO2, lower Da-jvO2 and CERO2 than that at end of the surgery in GDFT group and dexmedetomidine group. Combination therapy of GDFT + dexmedetomidine decreased serum concentrations of S100β protein and neuron-specific enolase than that at end of the surgery in GDFT group and dexmedetomidine group, and had a higher GOS and a shorter length of hospital stay than the control group.
Conclusions
Our findings indicate that GDFT combined with dexmedetomidine allows a better-optimized fluid therapy strategy and improves neurological outcomes in patients undergoing surgery for TBI.
EPAS1 protects fibroblasts from replicative senescence through telomeric stability
Authors: Zhao Bo , Li Kaiqin , Liu Gaojing , Liu Xiuyun , Chang Qing , Tu Qiu , Chen Qiongfang , Huang Xiaoyan , Hua Rong , Xu Dongming , Liu Zhen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Telomeres are nucleoprotein structures at the end of each chromosome and function to terminal protection and genomic stability maintenance. Telomeric damage and attrition is closely related to cell division disability and replicative senescence in vitro, as well as to physical aging in vivo. Exploration of valuable targets of enhancing telomeric stability and delaying the entry of senescence could benefit human health. Our study stemmed from the observation that bat (Rhinolophus sinicus) fibroblasts exhibited super abilities of telomeric protection and were much resistant to replicative senescence, compared to counterparts from mouse and human. With mRNA sequencing and overlapping analysis with TelNet database (http://www.cancertelsys.org/telnet/), we identified EPAS1, which is a well-studied oxygen response gene, as a novel telomeric protector. Bat fibroblasts kept high-level expression of EPAS1. EPAS1 directly promoted the transcription of telomeric genes TRF1, TRF2 and RAD50, and avoided telomeric attrition. We further confirmed that EPAS1 agonist M1001 stabilized telomeres and postponed senescence accumulation in major organs of mice in vivo. In summary, these results indicate that activating EPAS1 might be a valuable avenue towards extension of human health span.
Accelerated Discovery of Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts by Machine Learning
Authors: Mao Xinnan , Wang Lu , Li Youyong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Iridium oxide (IrO2) is the predominant electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with high stability in both alkaline and harsh acidic media, but its low efficiency and high cost limit its applications. In this work, we have developed a high-throughput computational strategy based on density functional theory (DFT) and employ the machine-learning (ML) techniques to extensively explore the optimal dopants in IrO2 and enhance its OER activity. Thirty-six kinds of metal dopants are considered to substitute for Ir to form binary and ternary metal oxides with different concentrations, and the most stable surface structures are selected from a total of 4,648 structures for OER activity evaluation. By using the neural network language model (NNLM), we are able to associate the atomic environment with the formation energies of crystals and adsorption free energies of OER intermediates, which is efficient for complex compounds and accurately evaluates the structural stability and electrochemical activity. A series of potential candidates have been identified as superior OER catalysts, and some of them are novel with the lowest calculated overpotential. Our strategy could efficiently explore the promising electrocatalysts, especially for evaluating complex multi-metallic compounds.
(a) Evaluating serum RBP4 as an auxiliary biomarker for CKDu diagnosis
Authors: Nanayakkara Nishantha , Swa# Hannah L F , Fernando# Buddhi N.T. , Premaratne Shakila , Alli-Shaik Asfa , Badurdeen Zeid , Gunarathne Jayantha 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
IntroductionA chronic interstitial disease, chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology (CKDu) has emerged as a notable contributor to the CKD burden in rural Sri Lanka. Most therapeutic and diagnostic approaches of CKD are focusing towards glomerular diseases, thus not fully applicable to CKDu. Serum proteins, specifically profile of markers representing different facets of a disease are rewarding in a comprehensive evaluation of a disease, hence in CKD. Our aim is to identify the role of serum retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4), a marker of proximal tubular in the diagnosis of CKDu.MethodsDefinite CKDu cases were recruited from the renal clinic, Girandurukotte & Wilgamuwa (endemic regions). Healthy controls were recruited from Mandaramnuwara (non-endemic area). The levels of RBP4 and creatinine in serum were measured. An immunoassay (ELISA) on the serum samples were performed. The stages of CKD/ CKDu were classified according to eGFR. ResultsSerum RBP4 was significantly increased in CKDu compared to CKD and healthy controls. The results showed that normalized serum RBP4 to serum creatine (S.cr) acts as competitive marker for CKDu (AUC 0.762, sensitivity 0.733) than CKD (AUC 0.584, sensitivity 0.733) when compared against healthy controls. Furthermore, RBP4:S.cr ratio showed higher discriminating power (AUC 0.743) between CKDu and CKD, suggesting RBP4: S.cr ratio as potential serum marker to differentiate CKDu from CKDu.ConclusionRBP4: S.cr ratio was identified as a plausible indicator for differentiating CKDu from CKD with >70% sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, it could be used in the evaluation of tubular interstitial involvement of CKD.
Nuclear PKM2 promotes pre-mRNA processing by binding folded RNA G-quadruplexes
Authors: Anastasakis Dimitrios , Apostolidi Maria , Rinehart Jesse , Hafner Markus 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Nuclear localization of the pyruvate kinase M2 isoform (PKM2) is widely observed in cancer and correlates with its aggressiveness, but its contribution to gene regulation and pathogenesis remains unclear. We find that PKM2 is a non-canonical RNA binding protein that specifically recognizes RNA G-quadruplex (rG4) structures and binds precursor mRNAs (pre-mRNAs) in the nucleus of human cells. Translocation of PKM2 to the nucleus increases expression of transcripts with rG4 elements close to splice sites and promotes RNA biogenesis by competing with repressive rG4 binding proteins, such as HNRNPF. PKM2 target mRNAs are also upregulated in a cancer model undergoing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and consistently drug-induced exclusion of PKM2 from the nucleus results in downregulated rG4-mRNAs and reduced migration and invasion of triple-negative breast cancer cells. We show a gene-regulatory role for rG4 formation on pre-mRNA and propose that rG4s allow for collective co-transcriptional regulation of related mRNAs by competing RBPs.
Using machine learning to evaluate the risk of venous thromboembolism for hospitalized cancer patients
Authors: Meng Lingqi , Li Xuying , Wang Lijie , Huang Xinjuan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Hospitalized cancer patients are high-risk venous thromboembolism (VTE) population. It is vital to identify the VTE risk of inpatients on admission accurately. Machine learning (ML) has advantages in data processing and model development. The article aims to develop predictive models using four ML methods to evaluate VTE risk for hospitalized cancer patients and select a model with the best performance. A retrospective cohort study was conducted for cancer patients hospitalized at Hunan Cancer Hospital between December 1, 2017 and November 30, 2020. A total of 1,100 inpatients were included in the study. There were 340 patients in the VTE group and 760 patients in the non-VTE group. The XGBoost model had the best performance for the prediction of VTE risk compared to the other three machine learning models. The AUROC value of the XGBoost model was 0.818(95%CI: 0.762, 0.870). The top five important features in the XGBoost model were D-dimer, diabetes, hypertension, pleural metastasis and hematological malignancies. Machine learning models contribute to evaluating the VTE risk in hospitalized cancer patients. They may be the practical risk stratification tools to provide a clinical reference for clinicians and nurses, especially the XGBoost model.
CYLD mediates the phenotypic transformation of pulmonary adventitial fibroblasts in congenital heart disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: zhou jingjing , Yang Ying 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Phenotypic transformation of adventitial fibroblasts (AFs) is the driving force of pulmonary vascular remodeling in congenital heart disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (CHD-PAH). In this study, we aimed to determine the role and mechanism of action of CYLD in the phenotypic transformation process of human pulmonary artery AFs (HPAAFs).
Methods
Lentiviral transduction was used to knock down CYLD and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). The Cell counting kit-8 assay, a transwell chamber assay, and flow cytometry were used to evaluate cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis, respectively. RT-PCR, western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunofluorescence staining assays were used to analyze the expression of proinflammatory cytokines as well as extracellular matrix (ECM), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and SM22α production, while dihydroethidium staining served to detect the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Results
CYLD knockdown not only attenuated the production of proinflammatory cytokines, ECM, α-SMA, and SM22α in HPAAFs stimulated with TGF-β1 but also reduced cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis resistance. Mechanistically, CYLD knockdown significantly enhanced the activation of Nrf2, which likely accounted for the decrease in ROS formation.
Conclusions
Phenotypic transformation of HPAAFs is cross-regulated by CYLD and TGF-β1 through modulation of Nrf2 activation, thus serving as a potential therapeutic target in CHD-PAH.
A computational modeling of primary-microRNA expression
Authors: Zheng Hansi , Wang Saidi , Li Xiaoman , Hu Haiyan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in gene regulation. Most studies so far focus on mature miRNAs, which leaves many gaps in our knowledge in primary miRNAs (pri-miRNA). To fill these gaps, we attempted to model the expression of pri-miRNAs in 1829 primary cell types and tissues in this study. We demonstrated that the expression of their associated mRNAs could model the expression of the pri-miRNAs well. These associated mRNAs are different from their corresponding target mRNAs and are enriched with specific functions. The majority of the associated mRNAs of a miRNA are shared across conditions, although a fraction of the associated mRNAs are condition-specific. Our study shed new light on the understanding of miRNA biogenesis and general gene transcriptional regulation.
Short-term impact of switching from erythropoiesis-stimulating agents and roxadustat to daprodustat among patients undergoing hemodialysis
Authors: Iseri Ken , Mizobuchi Masahide , Aoki Shugo , Kuroiwa Risa , Terado Narumi , Yoshida Shunsuke , Imase Atsuko , Fujiwara Yasurou , Kanamori Naoaki , Makuuchi Mikio , Honda Hirokazu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Daprodustat is a novel oral agent for renal anemia. This retrospective study examined 124 maintenance patients undergoing HD who had shifted from erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) or roxadustat to daprodustat (4mg daily). Anemia control, iron metabolism markers, and doses of daprodustat within 3 months after the shifting therapies were assessed. We used multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine the factors associated with the use of high doses of daprodustat 3 months after. The serum hemoglobin level significantly decreased after shifting therapies. Similarly, the proportion of patients who achieving a hemoglobin level within the appropriate range was also significantly lower, and median doses of daprodustat gradually increased. A significant increase in the serum iron, total iron-binding capacity, and transferrin saturation levels were found, but the serum ferritin level did not differ during the study period. Multivariate regression analysis showed that diabetes, a low Hb level, and use of high doses of ESA/roxadustat were independent predictors for the use of high doses of daprodustat 3 months after shifting therapies. We concluded that renal anemia control may worsen after shifting to daprodustat. Patients with diabetes, a low Hb level at baseline, and those receiving high doses of ESA/roxadustat may require high doses of daprodustat.
Intelligent Control Strategy of Electro-hydraulic Drive System for Raising Boring Power Head
Authors: Zhang JUN , Wang Chao Fan , Wang Lei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The power head is the key part of the rock breaking work of the raise boring machine. Because the power head cannot adjust speed in time with the change of complex rock stratum, it leads to high failure rate, low work efficiency and even accidents, so it is urgent to improve the controllability of the power head. In this paper, the electro-hydraulic coupling mathematical model of the power head is established by using the characteristic equations of dynamics and hydraulic components, and the control strategy of the fractional electro-hydraulic drive system of the power head is proposed; Genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) and whale algorithm (WOA) are used to adjust the parameters of FOPID, so as to improve the control effect of electro-hydraulic system; The results show that the step response of WOA-FOPID control strategy is also better than that of genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). It can reach a stable state in 0.02 seconds, and the overshoot is only 0.12137%; The test verifies the correctness of the adaptive control and simulation results of the power head, which can effectively improve the adaptability of the power head to complex coal seams.
Air quality in Germany as a contributing factor to morbidity from COVID-19
Authors: Koch Susanne , Hoffmann Christina , Caseiro Alexandre , Ledebur Marie , Menk Mario , von Schneidemesser Erika 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The SARS-CoV-2 virus has been spreading in Germany since January 2020, with regional differences in incidence, morbidity, and mortality. Long-term exposure to air pollutants as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen monoxide (NO), ozone (O3), and particulate matter (<10µm PM10, < 2.5µm PM2.5,) has a negative impact on respiratory functions. We analyze the association between long-term air pollution and the outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infections in Germany.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in Germany on county-level, investigating the association between long-term (2010-2019) air pollutant exposure and COVID-19 incidence, morbidity, and mortality rate during the first outbreak of SARS-CoV-2. We used negative binominal models, including adjustment for risk factors (age, sex, days since first COVID-19 case, population density, socio-economic and health parameters). Results: After adjustment for risk factors in the tri-pollutant model (NO2, O3, PM2.5) an increase of 1µg/m³ NO2 was associated with an increase of the need for intensive care due to COVID-19 by 4.2% (95% CI 1.011–1.074), and mechanical ventilation by 4.6% (95% CI 1.010–1.084). A tendency towards an association of NO2 with COVID-19 incidence was indicated, as the results were just outside of the defined statistical significance (+1.6% (95% CI 1.000 -1.032)). Long-term annual mean NO2 level ranged from 4.6µg/m³ to 32µg/m³.Conclusions: Our results indicate that long-term NO2 exposure may have increased susceptibility for COVID-19 morbidity in Germany. The results demonstrate the need to reduce ambient air pollution to improve public health. Trial registration number and date of registration: not applicable
Efficacy of single-position oblique lateral interbody fusion combined with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in treating degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis: a cohort study
Authors: Zhang Hai-hong , Cheng Peng , Zhang Xiao-bo , Zhao Qi-ming 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the surgical outcomes of single-position oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) combined with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (PPSF) in treating degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS).Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 85 patients with DLS who met the inclusion criteria from April 2018 to December 2020. According to the need to change their position during the operation, the patients were divided into a single-position OLIF group (27 patients) and a conventional OLIF group (58 patients). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hospitalization days, instrumentation accuracy and complication rates were compared between the two groups. The visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were used to evaluate the clinical efficacy. The surgical segment's intervertebral space height (IDH) and lumbar lordosis (LL) angle were used to evaluate the imaging effect. Results: The hospital stay, nail placement accuracy, and complication incidence were similar between the two groups (P>0.05). The operation time and intraoperative blood loss in the single-position OLIF group were less than those in the conventional OLIF group (P<0.05). The postoperative VAS, ODI, IDH and LL values were significantly improved (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions: Compared with conventional OLIF, single-position OLIF combined with PPSF is also safe and effective, and it has the advantages of a shorter operation time and less intraoperative blood loss.
Simulation and Experimental Study on Metal Microstructure of Meniscus-Confined Electrodeposition
Authors: Xu Jinkai , Xu Zhenming , Ren Wanfei , Zou Zhaoqiang , Wang Xue 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Meniscus-confined electrodeposition (MCED), as one of multi-functional additive manufacturing methods for micro-sensor manufacturing and flexible electrical interconnection, has great potential in future miniaturized communication devices. At present, however, the understanding of the multi-physical field processes involved in this method, such as electrodeposition, fluid dynamics, mass and heat transfer, is limited, and the deposition forming process has not yet been well explained. In this work, the manufacturing process of metal microstructure used by MCED was studied, and the contour features of the microstructure were characterized. Simultaneously, based on the law of liquid phase mass transfer in microzone, the theoretical model of MCED process is established, the important role of Marangoni effect in evaporation process is revealed, and the effect of evaporation process on MCED is analyzed and discussed. Besides, the effect of evaporation process on the dynamic process of deposition is further proved by simulation analysis. The additive manufacturing equipment based on MCED was built to manufacture metal microstructure. Furthermore, the effects of evaporation on the morphology, roundness, vertical angle and chemical composition of deposited metal microstructure were analyzed experimentally. These results provide a promising platform for the direct fabrication of nanocircuit interconnections, micro sensors and micro antennas.
Few-atom-layer metallene quantum dots as a new paradigm toward ampere-level CO2 electroreduction to liquid product
Authors: Zhang Min , Zhou Shenghua , Wei Wenbo , Ma Dong-Dong , Han Shu-Guo , Li Xiaofang , Wu Xin-Tao , Xu Qiang , Zhu Qi-Long 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) toward commodity chemicals and fuels powered by the renewable electricity presents an enticing prospect, in which the emerging metallenes as catalysts have aroused great interest. Herein, we firstly report the synthesis of a kind of tiny metallene quantum dots (QDs), stanene QDs (Sn-ene QDs), with a few-atom-layer feature and rich edge centers via a fast electrochemical self-reconstruction from the easily-scalable monolayer SnFe-based Prussian blue analogue nanosheets. Remarkably, such Sn-ene QDs with plentiful highly-active sites afford a superior CO2RR activity, delivering the industry-compatible current densities up to 1000 mA cm‒2 with near-unity selectivity for formate production in a flow cell, and are ultrastable to continuously operate in a wide pH range. The operando ATR-IR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations further deciphered that the rich edge centers of Sn-ene QDs hold a much higher reactivity and the residual cyano ligands with electron-withdrawing nature coordinated to the Sn atoms favor the stabilization of the CO2RR intermediate. This work could provide a bright prospect of the metallene QDs as a new paradigm for heterogeneous catalysis.