bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-mydriatic fundus photography as an alternative to indirect ophthalmoscopy for screening of diabetic retinopathy in community settings: a comparative pilot study in rural and tribal India
Authors: Gajiwala Uday R , Pachchigar Swapnil , Patel Dhaval , Mistry Ishwar , Oza Yash , Kundaria Dhaval , B R Shamanna 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesThe impending and increasing prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in India has necessitated a need for affordable and valid community outreach screening programme for DR, especially in rural and far to reach indigenous local communities. The present study is a pilot study aimed to compare non-mydriatic fundus photography with indirect ophthalmoscopy for its utilisation as a feasible and logistically convenient screening modality for DR in an older age, rural, tribal population in Western India.Design and settingThis community-based, cross-sectional, prospective population study was a part of a module using Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness and DR methodology in 8340 sampled participants with ≥50 years age. In this study, the diabetics identified were screened for DR using two methods: non-mydriatic fundus photography on the field by trained professionals, that were then graded by a retina specialist at the base hospital and indirect ophthalmoscopy by expert ophthalmologists in the field with masking of each other’s findings for its utility and comparison.ResultsThe prevalence of DR, sight threatening DR and maculopathy using indirect ophthalmoscopy was found to be 12.1%, 2.1% and 6.6%, respectively. A fair agreement (κ=0.48 for DR and 0.59 for maculopathy) was observed between both the detection methods. The sensitivity and specificity of fundus photographic evaluation compared with indirect ophthalmoscopy were found to be 54.8% and 92.1% (for DR), 60.7% and 90.8% (for any DR) and 84.2% and 94.8% (for only maculopathy), respectively.ConclusionNon-mydriatic fundus photography has the potential to identify DR (any retinopathy or maculopathy) in community settings in Indian population. Its utility as an affordable and logistically convenient cum practical modality is demonstrable. The sensitivity of this screening modality can be further increased by investing in better resolution cameras, capturing quality images and training and validation of imagers.Trial registration numberCTRI/2020/01/023025; Clinical Trial Registry, India (CTRI).
Video Images about Decisions for Ethical Outcomes in Kidney Disease (VIDEO-KD): the study protocol for a multi-centre randomised controlled trial
Authors: Eneanya Nwamaka D , Lakin Joshua R , Paasche-Orlow Michael K , Lindvall Charlotta , Moseley Edward T , Henault Lori , Hanchate Amresh D , Mandel Ernest I , Wong Susan P Y , Zupanc Sophia N , Davis Aretha Delight , El-Jawahri Areej , Quintiliani Lisa M , Chang Yuchiao , Waikar Sushrut S , Bansal Amar D , Schell Jane O , Lundquist Andrew L , Tamura Manjula Kurella , Yu Margaret K , Unruh Mark L , Argyropoulos Christos , Germain Michael J , Volandes Angelo 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionOlder patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) often are inadequately prepared to make informed decisions about treatments including dialysis and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Further, evidence shows that patients with advanced CKD do not commonly engage in advance care planning (ACP), may suffer from poor quality of life, and may be exposed to end-of-life care that is not concordant with their goals. We aim to study the effectiveness of a video intervention on ACP, treatment preferences and other patient-reported outcomes.Methods and analysisThe Video Images about Decisions for Ethical Outcomes in Kidney Disease trial is a multi-centre randomised controlled trial that will test the effectiveness of an intervention that includes a CKD-related video decision aid followed by recording personal video declarations about goals of care and treatment preferences in older adults with advancing CKD. We aim to enrol 600 patients over 5 years at 10 sites.Ethics and disseminationRegulatory and ethical aspects of this trial include a single Institutional Review Board mechanism for approval, data use agreements among sites, and a Data Safety and Monitoring Board. We intend to disseminate findings at national meetings and publish our results.Trial registration numberNCT04347629.
Consulting concepts and structures for people with dementia in Germany: a protocol for a ‘grey-shaded’ scoping review
Authors: Manietta Christina , Rommerskirch-Manietta Mike , Purwins Daniel , Roes Martina 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionLiterature reviews represent an important type of study for the various professions in healthcare. The consideration and inclusion of grey literature is gaining importance in all types of reviews. However, searching for grey literature is challenging for different reasons and the search is often insufficiently transparently reported in reviews. The aim of this protocol is to describe our planned methodical approach for a scoping review with a specific focus on grey literature related to the topic of consulting according to §7a of the German Social Law, Book XI (SGB XI) for people with dementia and their relatives in Germany.Methods and analysisWe will use the following search strategies: (1) search in the German electronic databases, for example, Livivo and GeroLit (via GBV), (2) google search engines, (3) targeted websites, for example, Alzheimer’s association and (4) contact experts, for example, stakeholders of private care insurance companies who provide consulting according to §7a SGB XI. Additionally, we will conduct a search in the academic electronic databases MEDLINE (via PubMed) and CINAHL (via EBSCO). For included grey literature, we will conduct a backward citation tracking via reference lists. For included scientific articles, we will conduct a backward (via reference lists) and forward (via Google scholar) citation tracking. Each strategy will be conducted by one reviewer. Screening of the identified potentially relevant records will be conducted in Covidence by two reviewers independently. Results will be charted in a table and illustrated descriptively.Ethics and disseminationThere are no ethical concerns with conducting a scoping review. We will discuss our results regarding consulting according to §7a SGB XI for people with dementia and their relatives with a variety of stakeholders in Germany. We will disseminate the thematic results and the methodological reflection of our search approach in the form of articles in peer-reviewed and non-peer-reviewed journals.
Creating a Sport and Exercise Medicine Masters syllabus for doctors: a Delphi study
Authors: Vishnubala Dane , Iqbal Adil , Marino Katherine Rose , Salman David , Pringle Andy , Nykjaer Camilla , Bazira Peter , Finn Gabrielle 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveSport and Exercise Medicine (SEM) Masters curricula vary. This Delphi study is aimed to create a consensus curriculum for doctors undertaking SEM Masters courses.MethodsA modified Delphi survey was used. An expert panel was established of individuals deemed to have adequate knowledge of the field. The research group developed the initial draft of the curriculum by collating and reviewing previously published UK-based postgraduate SEM-related curricula. There were two phases. In phase 1 the expert group either accepted, rejected or modified each learning objective (LO). During phase 2 the expert group were asked to accept or reject each LO that did not get accepted outright previously. The research group analysed the levels of agreements and the comments given by the expert panel after each phase.ResultsThe expert panel consisted of 45 individuals, with 35 completing phase 2 (78% retention rate). Of the 136 LOs initially collated: 71 (52%) were accepted outright, 60 (44%) were altered in some way and reincluded in phase 2, and 5 (4%) were removed after phase 1. The research group added 2 (1%) new LOs on reflection over comments made by the expert panel. The final curriculum contained 133 LOs, divided into 11 subthemes.ConclusionsThe findings will better inform educators when developing SEM Masters curricula and inform students what they should look for when considering an SEM Masters. This consensus curriculum is an important step in standardising postgraduate SEM education.
Prognostic accuracy of using lactate in addition to the quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score and the National Early Warning Score for emergency department patients with suspected infection
Authors: Julienne Jade , Douillet Delphine , Mozziconacci Marie-Sophie , Callahan Jean-Christophe 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to determine whether: (1) the quick Sequential (Sepsis-related) Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) and National Early Warning Score (NEWS) clinical prediction tools alone, (2) modified versions of these prediction tools that integrate lactate into their scores, or (3) use of the two tools in tandem with lactate better predicts in-hospital 28-day mortality among adult EDpatients with suspected infection.MethodsFrom 1 January through 31 December 2018, this retrospective cohort study enrolled consecutive adult patients with suspected infection evaluated at two EDs in France. Patients were included if blood cultures were obtained and non-prophylactic antibiotics were administered in the ED. qSOFA, NEWS criteria and lactate measurements were recorded when patients were clinically suspected of having an infection. Two composite scores (lactate qSOFA (LqSOFA) and lactate NEWS (LNEWS)) integrating lactate were created. Diagnostic test performances for predicting in-hospital mortality within 28days were assessed for qSOFA≥2, LqSOFA≥2, qSOFA≥2 or lactate≥2 mmol/L, and for NEWS≥7, LNEWS≥7, and NEWS≥7 or lactate≥2 mmol/L.Results1003 patients were included, 130 (13%) of whom had died by day 28. Sensitivities for 28-day mortality were 50% (95%CI41% to 59%) for qSOFA≥2,69% (95% CI60% to 77%) for LqSOFA≥2,77% (95% CI69% to 84%) for qSOFA or lactate≥2 mmol/L; and 69% (95% CI60% to 77%) for NEWS≥7, 80% (95% CI72% to 86%) for LNEWS≥7, 87% (95% CI80% to 92%) for NEWS≥7 or lactate≥2 mmol/L.ConclusionLactate used in tandem with qSOFA or NEWS yielded higher sensitivities in predicting in-hospital 28-day mortality, as compared with integration of lactate into these prediction tools or usage of the tools independently.
Evaluation of time-resolved whole brain flat panel detector perfusion imaging using RAPID ANGIO in patients with acute stroke: comparison with CT perfusion imaging
Authors: Kurmann Christoph C , Kaesmacher Johannes , Cooke Daniel L , Psychogios Marios , Weber Johannes , Lopes Demetrius K , Albers Gregory W , Mordasini Pasquale 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundIn contrast to conventional CT perfusion (CTP) imaging, flat panel detector CT perfusion (FD-CTP) imaging can be acquired directly in the angiosuite.ObjectiveTo evaluate time-resolved whole brain FD-CTP imaging and assess clinically important qualitative and quantitative perfusion parameters in correlation with previously acquired conventional CTP using the new RAPID for ANGIO software.MethodsWe included patients with internal carotid artery occlusions and M1 or M2 occlusions from six centers. All patients underwent mechanical thrombectomy (MT) with preinterventional conventional CTP and FD-CTP imaging. Quantitative performance was determined by comparing volumes of infarct core, penumbral tissue, and mismatch. Eligibility for MT according to the perfusion imaging criteria of DEFUSE 3 was determined for each case from both conventional CTP and FD-CTP imaging.ResultsA total of 20 patients were included in the final analysis. Conventional relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) <30% and FD-CTP rCBF <45% showed good correlation (R2=0.84). Comparisons of conventional CTP Tmax >6 s versus FD-CTP Tmax >6 s and CTP mismatch versus FD-CTP mismatch showed more variability (R2=0.57, and R2=0.33, respectively). Based on FD-CTP, 16/20 (80%) patients met the inclusion criteria for MT according to the DEFUSE 3 perfusion criteria, in contrast to 18/20 (90%) patients based on conventional CTP. The vessel occlusion could be correctly extrapolated from the hypoperfusion in 18/20 cases (90%).ConclusionsIn our multicenter study, time-resolved whole brain FD-CTP was technically feasible, and qualitative and quantitative perfusion results correlated with those obtained with conventional CTP.
Residual mean field model of valence quarks in the nucleon
Authors: Leon Christopher , Sargsian Misak 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe develop a non-perturbative model for valence parton distribution functions (PDFs) based on the mean field interactions of valence quarks in the nucleonic interior. The main motivation for the model is to obtain a mean field description of the valence quarks as a baseline to study the short range quark–quark interactions that generate the high x tail of PDFs. The model is based on the separation of the valence three-quark cluster and residual system in the nucleon. Then the nucleon structure function is calculated within the effective light-front diagrammatic approach introducing nonperturbative light-front valence quark and residual wave functions. Within the model a new relation is obtained between the position, $$x_p$$

x
p

, of the peak of $$xq_V(x)$$

x

q
V

(
x
)

distribution of the valence quark and the effective mass of the residual system, $$m_R$$

m
R

, in the form: $$x_{p} \approx {1\over 4} (1-{m_R\over m_N})$$

x
p

≈

1
4

(
1
-

m
R

m
N

)

at starting $$Q^2$$

Q
2

. This relation explains the difference in the peak positions for d- and u-quarks through the expected difference of residual masses for valence d- and u-quark distributions. The parameters of the model are fixed by fitting the calculated valence quark distributions to the phenomenological PDFs. This allowed us to estimate the overall mean field contribution in baryonic and momentum sum rules for valence d- and u-quarks. Finally, the evaluated parameters of the non-perturbative wave functions of valence 3q-cluster and residual system can be used in calculation of other quantities such as nucleon form factors, generalized partonic and transverse momentum distributions.
Curved accretion disks around rotating black holes without reflection symmetry
Authors: Chen Che-Yu , Yang Hsiang-Yi Karen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRotating black holes without equatorial reflection symmetry can naturally arise in effective low-energy theories of fundamental quantum gravity, in particular, when parity-violating interactions are introduced. Adopting a theory-agnostic approach and considering a recently proposed Kerr-like black hole model, we investigate the structure and properties of accretion disk around a rotating black hole without reflection symmetry. In the absence of reflection symmetry, the accretion disk is in general a curved surface in shape, rather than a flat disk lying on the equatorial plane. Furthermore, the parameter $$\epsilon $$
ϵ
that controls the reflection asymmetry would shrink the size of the prograde innermost stable circular orbits, and enhance the efficiency of the black hole in converting rest-mass energy to radiation during accretion. The retrograde innermost stable circular orbits are stretched but the effects are substantially suppressed. In addition, we find that spin measurements based on the gravitational redshift observations of the disk, assuming a Kerr geometry, may overestimate the true spin values if the central object is actually a Kerr-like black hole with conspicuous equatorial reflection asymmetry. The qualitative results that the accretion disk becomes curved and the prograde innermost stable circular orbits are shrunk turn out to be generic in our model when the reflection asymmetry is small.
Multiferroic properties of GdFe0.9M0.1O3 (M = Ag1+, Co2+ and Cr3+) nanoparticles and evaluation of their antibacterial activity
Authors: Ateia Ebtesam E. , Hussein B. , Singh Charanjeet , Arman M. M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMultifunctional nanoparticles NPs with material composition GdFe0.9M0.1O3; M = Ag, Co, and Cr have successfully been synthesized using the citrate auto-combustion technique. The single phase of the orthorhombic perovskite structure is ratified from the XRD data. The structural, magnetic, and thermoelectric power of the samples along with the results of antibacterial activities are reported in the present manuscript. The variation in the magnetization is argued in view of the strength and type of exchange interaction as well as buckling of the < BO6 > octahedron. The super exchange interaction between the Fe–O–Fe and the Cr–O–Cr and the randomness of Cr ions in the host lattice site are the main reasons behind the weak ferromagnetism obtained from GdFe0.9Cr0.1O3. Ferroelectricity and antiferromagnetism have a dissimilar origin and appear independently. The origin of antiferromagnetism is the spin canting of the B ions. However, the origin of the ferroelectric properties is the hybridization between B cations and O2− anion. The use of silver metal particles as antibacterial agents is noteworthy due to their advantages in terms of chemical stability, efficacy and long-term durability. These advantages can be extended by considering the relatively low toxicity of these particles to the human body compared to other inorganic metals.
Storage and retrieval of microwave pulse in a crystal of molecular magnets based on four-wave-mixing
Authors: Chen Jing , Liu Na , Shan Chuanjia , Li Hong , Liu Jibing 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we consider a crystal of molecular magnets interacting with four alternating magnetic fields. When a DC magnetic field applies to molecular magnets, the energy levels of molecular magnets can be recognized as a four-level system. We consider four wave mixing process in the crystal of molecular magnets, By solving the Schrödinger equation, the analytic solutions of the probe and mixing magnetic fields are obtained. We have also numerically investigated the dynamical evolution of the probe and mixing magnetic fields. The results show that probe and mixing filed periodically oscillate in the crystal of molecular magnets medium. By adjusting the frequency detuning and the intensity of the coupled magnetic fields, the storage and retrieval of microwave field can be achieved in molecular magnets. In the end, the second-order correlation function is calculated and the anti-bunching effect can be achieved in this magnetic medium.
Estradiol (E2) Reduction Adversely Affect the Embryo Quality and Clinical Outcomes of In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo transfer (IVF-ET)
Authors: Cheng Jing , Yang Shuangqing , Ma Huaqing , Liang Yingxiu , Zhao Junzhao 
Published: April 2022

Objective. The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of decreased serum estradiol (E2) levels during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) on in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF). Methods. The clinical data of 300 IVF-ET cycles with patients were analyzed retrospectively. According to the presence of falling E2 level during the COH, we divided all subjects into two groups: the E2 levels fall group (n = 120, group A) and the control group (n = 180, group B). In group A, there were 57 patients with falling E2 with drug dosage reduction. The other 63 patients experienced the decreased E2 level spontaneously. The clinical and laboratory variables in the groups were compared. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were carried out in order to evaluate the predict value of E2 level on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration on IVF outcomes. Results. Duration and total dosage of gonadotropin (Gn) used were statistically more in group A than in group B (

P

< 0.001). The high-quality embryo rate was significantly lower in group A (

P

= 0.048). Women in group A had lower clinical pregnancy rate (

P

= 0.029), live birth rate (

P

< 0.001), ongoing pregnancy rate (

P

= 0.001), and higher early abortion rates (

P

= 0.008) than group B. Women with spontaneously falling E2 group had a higher BMI index than those in the drug dosage reduction group (

P

= 0.001). More dosage and longer duration of Gn in spontaneously falling E2 group than in the drug dosage reduction group (

P

< 0.01). There were no differences in clinical outcomes between the two types of E2 decreased groups. Results from ROC showed an E2 level <1987.5 pg/ml on the hCG day might predict early abortion in this study. The sensitivity was 58.4% and the specificity was 78.9%. In addition, an E2 level >2020 pg/ml on the hCG day might be an index to predict live birth. The sensitivity was 57.0% and the specificity was 61.7%. Conclusions. Reduction of E2 during COH might adversely affect the clinical pregnancy, early abortion, and ongoing pregnancy of IVF-ET.
BRCA1-Associated RING Domain-1 (BARD1) Loss and GBP1 Expression Enhance Sensitivity to DNA Damage in Ewing Sarcoma
Authors: Maurer Lisa M. , Daley Jessica D. , Mukherjee Elina , Venier Rosemarie E. , Julian Claire M. , Bailey Nathanael G. , Jacobs Michelle F. , Kumar-Sinha Chandan , Raphael Haley , Periyapatna Nivitha , Weiss Kurt , Janeway Katherine A. , Mody Rajen , Lucas Peter C. , McAllister-Lucas Linda M. , Bailey Kelly M. 
Published: April 2022

Ewing sarcoma is a fusion oncoprotein–driven primary bone tumor. A subset of patients (∼10%) with Ewing sarcoma are known to harbor germline variants in a growing number of genes involved in DNA damage repair. We recently reported our discovery of a germline mutation in the DNA damage repair protein BARD1 (BRCA1-associated RING domain-1) in a patient with Ewing sarcoma. BARD1 is recruited to the site of DNA double stranded breaks via the PARP protein and plays a critical role in DNA damage response pathways including homologous recombination. We thus questioned the impact of BARD1 loss on Ewing cell sensitivity to DNA damage and the Ewing sarcoma transcriptome. We demonstrate that PSaRC318 cells, a novel patient-derived cell line harboring a pathogenic BARD1 variant, are sensitive to PARP inhibition and by testing the effect of BARD1 depletion in additional Ewing sarcoma cell lines, we confirm that BARD1 loss enhances cell sensitivity to PARP inhibition plus radiation. In addition, RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that loss of BARD1 results in the upregulation of GBP1 (guanylate-binding protein 1), a protein whose expression is associated with variable response to therapy depending on the adult carcinoma subtype examined. Here, we demonstrate that GBP1 contributes to the enhanced sensitivity of BARD1-deficient Ewing cells to DNA damage. Together, our findings demonstrate the impact of loss-of function mutations in DNA damage repair genes, such as BARD1, on Ewing sarcoma treatment response.Significance:This work provides preclinical support for the inclusion of pediatric patients with advanced Ewing sarcoma and pathogenic germline variants in BARD1 in future clinical trials testing novel agents inducing DNA damage/targeting DNA damage repair.