bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parametric dependence of collisional heating of highly magnetized over-dense plasma by (far-)infrared lasers
Authors: Li K. , Yu W. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Heating of over-dense plasma represents a long-standing quest in laser–plasma physics. When the strength of the magnetic field is above the critical value, a right-handed circularly polarized laser could propagate into and heat up the highly magnetized over-dense collisional plasma directly; the processes are dependent on the parameters of the laser, plasma and magnetic field. The parametric dependence is fully studied both qualitatively and quantitatively, resulting in scaling laws of the plasma temperature, heating depth and energy conversion efficiency. Such heating is also studied with the most powerful CO2 and strongest magnetic field in the world, where plasma with density of

${10}^{23}$

cm–3 and initial temperature of 1 keV is heated to around 10 keV within a depth of several micrometres. Several novel phenomena are also discovered and discussed, that is, local heating in the region of high density, low temperature or weak magnetic field.
Memória, história e analogia: Correspondências entre Walter Benjamin e Eduardo Galeano
Authors: Romero Sérgio Luiz Gusmão Gimenes , Romero Joyce Conceição Gimenes 
Published: June 2022

ResumoEste trabalho analisa comparativamente alguns aspectos convergentes da obra do pensador alemão Walter Benjamin (1892–1940) e do escritor uruguaio Eduardo Galeano (1940–2015). Apresentam-se, assim, certas afinidades entre os dois autores no que diz respeito à proposição de uma crítica à história oficial, tal como concebida a partir das classes dominantes, em prol da recuperação da memória de grupos sociais submetidos à violência e à opressão. Destacam-se, ainda, correspondências metodológicas acerca do emprego de analogias e metáforas por ambos os autores.
Redescription of the cheloniellid euarthropodTriopus draboviensisfrom the Upper Ordovician of Bohemia, with comments on the affinities ofParioscorpio venator
Authors: Van Roy Peter , Rak Štěpán , Budil Petr , Fatka Oldřich 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCheloniellida is a rare but significant clade of artiopod euarthropods, and a major component of Vicissicaudata alongside aglaspidids. The first cheloniellid to be described wasTriopus draboviensis, based on a single specimen from the Upper Ordovician Letná Formation in Bohemia. Because this specimen was believed to be missing its anterior,Triopus draboviensishas been the subject of considerable speculation regarding its affinities, with several authors combining various isolated cephalic shields with its trunk. Notwithstanding,Triopus draboviensishas eluded detailed restudy in the 150 years since its first description. Here we provide a redescription of the holotype and hitherto only known specimen ofTriopus draboviensis, and describe a recently discovered second partial specimen asTriopussp. It is shown that the holotype ofTriopus draboviensispreserves the complete cephalic shield, while the trunk reveals a likely articulating device, which may represent an apomorphy for Cheloniellida. Further information on the trunk morphology provided by the new specimen has allowed a complete reconstruction of the dorsal exoskeleton ofTriopus. An assessment is made of fossils previously suggested to represent the cephalic shield ofTriopus draboviensis; while it is shown that none of those fossils can be attributed toTriopus, it is reaffirmed thatDrabovaspis complexalikely does belong to Cheloniellida, makingDrabovaspisthe third cheloniellid genus known from the Letná Formation, afterTriopusandDuslia. A revised diagnosis for Cheloniellida is provided, and the recently described problematic euarthropodParioscorpio venatorfrom the Silurian of Wisconsin is firmly rejected from this clade.
Alarming decline of the Great Bustard Otis tarda world population over the last two decades
Authors: ALONSO JUAN C. , PALACÍN CARLOS 
Published: June 2022

SummarySince 2005, the world population of Great Bustards Otis tarda has decreased at an annual rate of 3.23%. The current world total is estimated at 31,000–36,000 birds, 34% (range 30–38%) less than 16 years ago. The declines have been observed in nine of 17 countries with extant breeding populations, with highest values in China (-89%) and European Russia (-72%). Marked decreases have also occurred in the Iberian Peninsula, which is still the stronghold for the species with 70–75% of the world population. Within Iberia, declines are particularly alarming in Portugal (-50%), although perhaps even more concerning in Spain, where the -28% (range 25–30%) decrease implies a loss of more than 8,000 individuals. Increases have been only recorded in Germany, Austria, and at a smaller scale in Hungary (respectively, 202%, 91%, and 5%), thanks to continued and intensive conservation actions, and also in the small group breeding in Romania, likely due to dispersal from the increasing West Pannonian population. The isolated populations of Morocco and Iran are on the brink of extinction. More surveys are still needed in Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, China, and Mongolia, to confirm numbers and trends. It is urgent to reinforce conservation actions worldwide to stop negative demographic trends and ensure the survival of the species. If current trends continue, IUCN should perhaps consider whether (a) conditions are met to upgrade the species’ Red List category from globally ‘Vulnerable’ to ‘Endangered’, and (b) the two subspecies should be treated as separate conservation units and require different conservation strategies.
Seed mass, dormancy and germinability variation among maternal plants of four Arabian halophytes
Authors: Bhatt Arvind , Gallacher David J , Jarma-Orozco Alfredo , Pompelli Marcelo F. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCoastal desert vegetation of the Arabian Peninsula is almost entirely dominated by halophytes. Natural populations provide a genetic resource for ecological remediation and may also have direct economic value. High intrapopulation variation of seed traits is presumed to increase population persistence in the unpredictable climatic conditions of this hyper-arid desert. We investigated whether intrapopulation variation of seed mass, dormancy and germinability of four species was attributable to maternal individuals. Arthrocnemum macrostachyum, Halothamnus iraquensis, Haloxylon salicornicum and Seidlitzia rosmarinus are commonly distributed Arabian halophytes with differing seed weight variation. All species exhibited a higher germination when exposed daily to 12 h light, compared to seeds in darkness. A higher germination was correlated with a shorter germination time. For H. iraquensis and S. rosmarinus, a shorter germination time was negatively correlated with germination synchrony. H. salicornicum showed the highest intrapopulation variation of seed traits, followed by A. macrostachyum, S. rosmarinus and H. iraqensis. We found that individuals within populations of all the studied species showed variability in germination but the extent of variation was species-specific. The variation in seed mass and germination among the individuals of the studied species may facilitate a temporal distribution of germination, which may reduce the risk of seed bank exhaustion. The results of this study could assist conservation and management by improving the efficiency of seed collection from wild populations of these species.
Complete subgraphs in a multipartite graph
Authors: Lo Allan , Treglown Andrew , Zhao Yi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn 1975 Bollobás, Erdős, and Szemerédi asked the following question: given positive integers
$n, t, r$
with
$2\le t\le r-1$
, what is the largest minimum degree
$\delta (G)$
among all
$r$
-partite graphs
$G$
with parts of size
$n$
and which do not contain a copy of
$K_{t+1}$
? The
$r=t+1$
case has attracted a lot of attention and was fully resolved by Haxell and Szabó, and Szabó and Tardos in 2006. In this article, we investigate the
$r\gt t+1$
case of the problem, which has remained dormant for over 40 years. We resolve the problem exactly in the case when
$r \equiv -1 \pmod{t}$
, and up to an additive constant for many other cases, including when
$r \geq (3t-1)(t-1)$
. Our approach utilizes a connection to the related problem of determining the maximum of the minimum degrees among the family of balanced
$r$
-partite
$rn$
-vertex graphs of chromatic number at most
$t$
.
Evaluating the congenital heart assessment tool: a quality improvement project
Authors: Smith Liz , Wray Jo , Gaskin Kerry L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground:An early warning tool, the Congenital Heart Assessment Tool (CHAT), was designed in 2012 to support parental preparation before discharge, enhancing understanding of their infant’s complex CHD, the signs of deterioration to look out for and to support decision-making at home. Acceptability and feasibility of the tool were tested during 2013–2015 in a single centre.Aim of this project:To evaluate the wider implementation across four children’s cardiac centres of the CHAT for infants with complex CHD in the community setting.Design:A four-centre collaborative mixed-methods quality improvement project funded by The Health Foundation, during 2016–2018. A plan, do, study, act cycle of improvement was employed. This article reports on the planning phases, creation of a modified tool (CHATm); and the implementation phases, including retrospective case note review using CHATm; tabletop simulation exercise using CHATm and clinical implementation of CHATm.Results:Key findings included the benefit of using CHATm simulation for practitioners; the effectiveness of CHATm in predicting amber and red triggers, indicating parental actions and escalation of concerns to professionals. Parents using CHATm found it enhanced knowledge in preparation for going home, supported decision-making, and discussions with health care professionals.Conclusion:Using the CHATm clinically identified the need to develop a structured model of assessment of parental suitability for home-monitoring programmes. A robust and nationally agreed training programme for all staff using CHATm was recommended to ensure successful and complete implementation in practice.
Segmented Communities in the Global South: Where Do IR Argentine Scholars Publish and Why?
Authors: Montal Florencia , Pauselli Gino , Yamin Patricio 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTClaims about international relations and political science more broadly becoming more globalized coexist with enduring critiques of the discipline being dominated by scholars from wealthier Western countries. This article leverages data on publication patterns between 2008 and 2020 in the Argentine IR community, which we believe is a relevant and potentially representative sample from the Global South, to show that the discipline is becoming more globalized yet also more segmented. We argue that this segmentation is a product of unequal participation in social and professional networks. The norms and information that circulate through these networks shape the inclination as well as the ability of Global South scholars to join a globalizing discipline.
Wearables in sociodrama: An embodied mixed-methods study of expressiveness in social interactions
Authors: El-Raheb Katerina , Kalampratsidou Vilelmini , Issari Philia , Georgaca Eugenie , Koliouli Flora , Karydi Evangelia , Skali Theodora (Dora) , Diamantides Pandelis , Ioannidis Yannis 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis mixed-methods study investigates the use of wearable technology in embodied psychology research and explores the potential of incorporating bio-signals to focus on the bodily impact of the social experience. The study relies on scientifically established psychological methods of studying social issues, collective relationships and emotional overloads, such as sociodrama, in combination with participant observation to qualitatively detect and observe verbal and nonverbal aspects of social behavior. We evaluate the proposed method through a pilot sociodrama session and reflect on the outcomes. By utilizing an experimental setting that combines video cameras, microphones, and wearable sensors measuring physiological signals, specifically, heart rate, we explore how the synchronization and analysis of the different signals and annotations enables a mixed-method that combines qualitative and quantitative instruments in studying embodied expressiveness and social interaction.
An Improved Triangular Form‐Based Multiple Flow Direction Algorithm for Determining the Nonuniform Flow Domain Over Grid Networks
Authors: Wu Pengfei , Liu Jintao , Han Xiaole , Feng Meiyan , Fei Junyuan , Shen Xuhui 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe naturally existing diffusive flow provides revisited values for the multiple flow direction (MFD) algorithm for digital elevation models. However, since the flow is uniformly distributed over a grid cell, existing MFD algorithms can hardly force the flow to propagate within a finite region without arbitrary dispersion. In this study, an improved Triangular Form‐based Multiple Flow Algorithm called iTFM is proposed to limit the arbitrary dispersion by considering the nonuniform flow domain in a cell. In the new algorithm, flow is routed between facets rather than cells and drained to at most two downstream facets, which forces the flow to propagate over partial subregions of a cell, so that different facets in the cell may have different contributing areas. In addition, two alternative strategies including vector split (VS) and area split (AS) are evaluated to determine the flow split ratio for the two downstream facets in this study. Then, the algorithms combining different split strategies (i.e., iTFM‐VS, iTFM‐AS) are compared with eight existing algorithms over four numerical terrains and one physical terrain. The visual and quantitative assessment results show that iTFM‐AS can provide accurate total contributing areas and predicted flow domains for numerical terrains with resolutions ranging from 1 to 20 m. Moreover, the flow domains predicted by iTFM‐AS are in high agreement with the observed domains over the physical terrain with practical resolutions. Therefore, it can be concluded that the iTFM‐AS algorithm can better and more robustly define the dispersive flow domain.
MEMS ultrasonic transducers for safe, low-power and portable eye-blinking monitoring
Authors: Sun Sheng , Wang Jianyuan , Zhang Menglun , Ning Yuan , Ma Dong , Yuan Yi , Niu Pengfei , Rong Zhicong , Wang Zhuochen , Pang Wei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEye blinking is closely related to human physiology and psychology. It is an effective method of communication among people and can be used in human–machine interactions. Existing blink monitoring methods include video-oculography, electro-oculograms and infrared oculography. However, these methods suffer from uncomfortable use, safety risks, limited reliability in strong light or dark environments, and infringed informational security. In this paper, we propose an ultrasound-based portable approach for eye-blinking activity monitoring. Low-power pulse-echo ultrasound featuring biosafety is transmitted and received by microelectromechanical system (MEMS) ultrasonic transducers seamlessly integrated on glasses. The size, weight and power consumption of the transducers are 2.5 mm by 2.5 mm, 23.3 mg and 71 μW, respectively, which provides better portability than conventional methods using wearable devices. Eye-blinking activities were characterized by open and closed eye states and validated by experiments on different volunteers. Finally, real-time eye-blinking monitoring was successfully demonstrated with a response time less than 1 ms. The proposed solution paves the way for ultrasound-based wearable eye-blinking monitoring and offers miniaturization, light weight, low power consumption, high informational security and biosafety.
Mating pair stabilization mediates bacterial conjugation species specificity
Authors: Low Wen Wen , Wong Joshua L. C. , Beltran Leticia C. , Seddon Chloe , David Sophia , Kwong Hok-Sau , Bizeau Tatiana , Wang Fengbin , Peña Alejandro , Costa Tiago R. D. , Pham Bach , Chen Min , Egelman Edward H. , Beis Konstantinos , Frankel Gad 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBacterial conjugation mediates contact-dependent transfer of DNA from donor to recipient bacteria, thus facilitating the spread of virulence and resistance plasmids. Here we describe how variants of the plasmid-encoded donor outer membrane (OM) protein TraN cooperate with distinct OM receptors in recipients to mediate mating pair stabilization and efficient DNA transfer. We show that TraN from the plasmid pKpQIL (Klebsiella pneumoniae) interacts with OmpK36, plasmids from R100-1 (Shigella flexneri) and pSLT (Salmonella Typhimurium) interact with OmpW, and the prototypical F plasmid (Escherichia coli) interacts with OmpA. Cryo-EM analysis revealed that TraNpKpQIL interacts with OmpK36 through the insertion of a β-hairpin in the tip of TraN into a monomer of the OmpK36 porin trimer. Combining bioinformatic analysis with AlphaFold structural predictions, we identified a fourth TraN structural variant that mediates mating pair stabilization by binding OmpF. Accordingly, we devised a classification scheme for TraN homologues on the basis of structural similarity and their associated receptors: TraNα (OmpW), TraNβ (OmpK36), TraNγ (OmpA), TraNδ (OmpF). These TraN-OM receptor pairings have real-world implications as they reflect the distribution of resistance plasmids within clinical Enterobacteriaceae isolates, demonstrating the importance of mating pair stabilization in mediating conjugation species specificity. These findings will allow us to predict the distribution of emerging resistance plasmids in high-risk bacterial pathogens.
YouTube Dataset on Mobile Streaming for Internet Traffic Modeling and Streaming Analysis
Authors: Loh Frank , Wamser Florian , Poignée Fabian , Geißler Stefan , Hoßfeld Tobias 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAround 4.9 billion Internet users worldwide watch billions of hours of online video every day. As a result, streaming is by far the predominant type of traffic in communication networks. According to Google statistics, three out of five video views come from mobile devices. Thus, in view of the continuous technological advances in end devices and increasing mobile use, datasets for mobile streaming are indispensable in research but only sparsely dealt with in literature so far. With this public dataset, we provide 1,081 hours of time-synchronous video measurements at network, transport, and application layer with the native YouTube streaming client on mobile devices. The dataset includes 80 network scenarios with 171 different individual bandwidth settings measured in 5,181 runs with limited bandwidth, 1,939 runs with emulated 3 G/4 G traces, and 4,022 runs with pre-defined bandwidth changes. This corresponds to 332 GB video payload. We present the most relevant quality indicators for scientific use, i.e., initial playback delay, streaming video quality, adaptive video quality changes, video rebuffering events, and streaming phases.
Combined model of topside ionosphere and plasmasphere derived from radio-occultation and Van Allen Probes data
Authors: Prol Fabricio S. , Smirnov Artem G. , Hoque M. Mainul , Shprits Yuri Y. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the last years, electron density profile functions characterized by a linear dependence on the scale height showed good results when approximating the topside ionosphere. The performance above 800 km, however, is not yet well investigated. This study investigates the capability of the semi-Epstein functions to represent electron density profiles from the peak height up to 20,000 km. Electron density observations recorded by the Van Allen Probes were used to resolve the scale height dependence in the plasmasphere. It was found that the linear dependence of the scale height in the topside ionosphere cannot be directly used to extrapolate profiles above 800 km. We find that the dependence of scale heights on altitude is quadratic in the plasmasphere. A statistical model of the scale heights is therefore proposed. After combining the topside ionosphere and plasmasphere by a unified model, we have obtained good estimations not only in the profile shapes, but also in the Total Electron Content magnitude and distributions when compared to actual measurements from 2013, 2014, 2016 and 2017. Our investigation shows that Van Allen Probes can be merged to radio-occultation data to properly represent the upper ionosphere and plasmasphere by means of a semi-Epstein function.
Estimating the critical shear stress for incipient particle motion of a cohesive soil slope
Authors: Yuan Xingyu , Ye Fei , Fu Wenxi , Wen Lina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe critical shear stress is a vital reference indicator for soil erosion. Soil erosion will occur when soil slope suffers from a exceed shear stress, and then causing soil loss and destruction of soil structure. In this work, an equation was proposed based on the force equilibrium of a single particle to estimate the critical shear stress for incipient particle motion of a cohesive soil slope. This formula is characterized by its physical significance, and the critical shear stress for incipient slope soil motion can be easily calculated when the soil properties and the slope angle are known. Moreover, the seepage-runoff coupled model and the excess shear stress equation are introduced in this paper. Two parameters, namely the weight of rushed soil particles and the discharge of water, must be measured in the scouring tests. Through linear regression, the tested τc-values were obtained to validate the τc-values calculated by the formula derived from the critical shear stress. In addition, two other formulas were compared with the derived formulas, which considered more parameters with physical significance. Finally, the influence of all parameters on the critical shear stress was analyzed: the porosity of the soil, the specific gravity of the soil and the slope gradient had less influence on the critical shear stress; the critical shear stress was negatively influenced by the particle diameter and positively influenced by the internal friction angle of the soil.
Differing coronavirus genres alter shared host signaling pathways upon viral infection
Authors: Cruz-Pulido Diana , Ouma Wilberforce Zachary , Kenney Scott P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCoronaviruses are important viral pathogens across a range of animal species including humans. They have a high potential for cross-species transmission as evidenced by the emergence of COVID-19 and may be the origin of future pandemics. There is therefore an urgent need to study coronaviruses in depth and to identify new therapeutic targets. This study shows that distant coronaviruses such as Alpha-, Beta-, and Deltacoronaviruses can share common host immune associated pathways and genes. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the transcription profile of epithelial cell lines infected with swine acute diarrhea syndrome, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, or porcine deltacoronavirus, showed that DEGs within 10 common immune associated pathways were upregulated upon infection. Twenty Three pathways and 21 DEGs across 10 immune response associated pathways were shared by these viruses. These 21 DEGs can serve as focused targets for therapeutics against newly emerging coronaviruses. We were able to show that even though there is a positive correlation between PDCoV and SARS-CoV-2 infections, these viruses could be using different strategies for efficient replication in their cells from their natural hosts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of comparative host transcriptome analysis across distant coronavirus genres.