bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small and long RNA transcriptome of whole human cerebrospinal fluid and serum as compared to their extracellular vesicle fractions reveal profound differences in expression patterns and impacts on biological processes
Authors: Michel Uwe , Shomroni Orr , Müller Barbara , Lange Peter , Salinas Gabriela , Bähr Mathias , Koch Jan Christoph 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Next generation sequencing (NGS) of human specimen is expected to improve prognosis and diagnosis of human diseases, but its sensitivity urges for well-defined sampling and standardized protocols in order to avoid error-prone conclusions.

Methods
In this study, large volumes of pooled human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were used to prepare RNA from human CSF-derived extracellular vesicles (EV) and from whole CSF, as well as from whole human serum and serum-derived EV. In all four fractions small and long coding and non-coding RNA expression was analyzed with NGS and transcriptome analyses.

Results
We show, that the source of sampling has a large impact on the acquired NGS pattern, and differences between small RNA fractions are more distinct than differences between long RNA fractions. The highest percentual discrepancy between small RNA fractions and the second highest difference between long RNA fractions is seen in the comparison of CSF-derived EV and whole CSF. Differences between miR (microRNA) and mRNA fractions of EV and the respective whole body fluid have the potential to affect different cellular and biological processes. I.e. a comparison of miR in both CSF fractions reveals that miR from EV target four transcripts sets involved in neurobiological processes, whereas eight others, also involved in neurobiological processes are targeted by miR found in whole CSF only. Likewise, three mRNAs sets derived from CSF-derived EV are associated with neurobiological and six sets with mitochondrial metabolism, whereas no such mRNA transcript sets are found in the whole CSF fraction. We show that trace amounts of blood-derived contaminations of CSF can bias RNA-based CSF diagnostics.

Conclusions
This study shows that the composition of small and long RNA differ significantly between whole body fluid and its respective EV fraction and thus can affect different cellular and molecular functions. Trace amounts of blood-derived contaminations of CSF can bias CSF analysis. This has to be considered for a meaningful RNA-based diagnostics. Our data imply a transport of EV from serum to CSF across the blood–brain barrier.
Characterization of passive permeability after low intensity focused ultrasound mediated blood–brain barrier disruption in a preclinical model
Authors: Arsiwala Tasneem A. , Sprowls Samuel A. , Blethen Kathryn E. , Fladeland Ross A. , Wolford Cullen P. , Kielkowski Brooke N. , Glass Morgan J. , Wang Peng , Wilson Olivia , Carpenter Jeffrey S. , Ranjan Manish , Finomore Victor , Rezai Ali , Lockman Paul R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Systemic drug delivery to the central nervous system is limited by presence of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Low intensity focused ultrasound (LiFUS) is a non-invasive technique to disrupt the BBB, though there is a lack of understanding of the relationship between LiFUS parameters, such as cavitation dose, time of sonication, microbubble dose, and the time course and magnitude of BBB disruption. Discrepancies in these data arise from experimentation with modified, clinically untranslatable transducers and inconsistent parameters for sonication. In this report, we characterize microbubble and cavitation doses as LiFUS variables as they pertain to the time course and size of BBB opening with a clinical Insightec FUS system.

Methods
Female Nu/Nu athymic mice were exposed to LiFUS using the ExAblate Neuro system (v7.4, Insightec, Haifa, Israel) following target verification with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Microbubble and cavitation doses ranged from 4–400 μL/kg, and 0.1–1.5 cavitation dose, respectively. The time course and magnitude of BBB opening was evaluated using fluorescent tracers, ranging in size from 105–10,000 Da, administered intravenously at different times pre- or post-LiFUS. Quantitative autoradiography and fluorescence microscopy were used to quantify tracer accumulation in brain.

Results
We observed a microbubble and cavitation dose dependent increase in tracer uptake within brain after LiFUS. Tracer accumulation was size dependent, with 14C-AIB (100 Da) accumulating to a greater degree than larger markers (~ 625 Da–10 kDa). Our data suggest opening of the BBB via LiFUS is time dependent and biphasic. Accumulation of solutes was highest when administered prior to LiFUS mediated disruption (2–fivefold increases), but was also significantly elevated at 6 h post treatment for both 14C-AIB and Texas Red.

Conclusion
The magnitude of LiFUS mediated BBB opening correlates with concentration of microbubbles, cavitation dose as well as time of tracer administration post-sonication. These data help define the window of maximal BBB opening and applicable sonication parameters on a clinically translatable and commercially available FUS system that can be used to improve passive permeability and accumulation of therapeutics targeting the brain.
Long noncoding RNA LINC01132 enhances immunosuppression and therapy resistance via NRF1/DPP4 axis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Jiwei , Pan Tao , Zhou Weiwei , Zhang Ya , Xu Gang , Xu Qi , Li Si , Gao Yueying , Wang Zhengtao , Xu Juan , Li Yongsheng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as critical regulators of gene expression and play fundamental roles in various types of cancer. Current developments in transcriptome analyses unveiled the existence of lncRNAs; however, their functional characterization remains a challenge.

Methods
A bioinformatics screen was performed by integration of multiple omics data in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prioritizing a novel oncogenic lncRNA, LINC01132. Expression of LINC01132 in HCC and control tissues was validated by qRT-PCR. Cell viability and migration activity was examined by MTT and transwell assays. Finally, our results were confirmed in vivo mouse model and ex vivo patient derived tumor xenograft experiments to determine the mechanism of action and explore LINC01132-targeted immunotherapy.

Results
Systematic investigation of lncRNAs genome-wide expression patterns revealed LINC01132 as an oncogene in HCC. LINC01132 is significantly overexpressed in tumor and associated with poor overall survival of HCC patients, which is mainly driven by copy number amplification. Functionally, LINC01132 overexpression promoted cell growth, proliferation, invasion and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, LINC01132 acts as an oncogenic driver by physically interacting with NRF and enhancing the expression of DPP4. Notably, LINC01132 silencing triggers CD8+ T cells infiltration, and LINC01132 knockdown combined with anti-PDL1 treatment improves antitumor immunity, which may prove a new combination therapy in HCC.

Conclusions
LINC01132 functions as an oncogenic driver that induces HCC development via the NRF1/DPP4 axis. Silencing LINC01132 may enhance the efficacy of anti-PDL1 immunotherapy in HCC patients.
Osteophytes mediate the associations between cartilage morphology and changes in knee symptoms in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Fan Tianxiang , Chen Shibo , Zeng Muhui , Li Jia , Wang Xiaoshuai , Ruan Guangfeng , Cao Peihua , Zhang Yan , Chen Tianyu , Ou Qianhua , Wang Qianyi , Wluka Anita E. , Cicuttini Flavia , Ding Changhai , Zhu Zhaohua 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Aims
To investigate whether the associations between cartilage defects and cartilage volumes with changes in knee symptoms were mediated by osteophytes.

Methods
Data from the Vitamin D Effects on Osteoarthritis (VIDEO) study were analyzed as a cohort. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index was used to assess knee symptoms at baseline and follow-up. Osteophytes, cartilage defects, and cartilage volumes were measured using magnetic resonance imaging at baseline. Associations between cartilage morphology and changes in knee symptoms were assessed using linear regression models, and mediation analysis was used to test whether these associations were mediated by osteophytes.

Results
A total of 334 participants (aged 50 to 79 years) with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis were included in the analysis. Cartilage defects were significantly associated with change in total knee pain, change in weight-bearing pain, and change in non-weight-bearing pain after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, and intervention. Cartilage volume was significantly associated with change in weight-bearing pain and change in physical dysfunction after adjustment. Lateral tibiofemoral and patellar osteophyte mediated the associations of cartilage defects with change in total knee pain (49–55%) and change in weight-bearing pain (61–62%) and the association of cartilage volume with change in weight-bearing pain (27–30%) and dysfunction (24–25%). Both cartilage defects and cartilage volume had no direct effects on change in knee symptoms.

Conclusions
The significant associations between cartilage morphology and changes in knee symptoms were indirect and were partly mediated by osteophytes.
A speech enhancement algorithm based on a non-negative hidden Markov model and Kullback-Leibler divergence
Authors: Xiang Yang , Shi Liming , Højvang Jesper Lisby , Rasmussen Morten Højfeldt , Christensen Mads Græsbøll 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a supervised single-channel speech enhancement method that combines Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence-based non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) and a hidden Markov model (NMF-HMM). With the integration of the HMM, the temporal dynamics information of speech signals can be taken into account. This method includes a training stage and an enhancement stage. In the training stage, the sum of the Poisson distribution, leading to the KL divergence measure, is used as the observation model for each state of the HMM. This ensures that a computationally efficient multiplicative update can be used for the parameter update of this model. In the online enhancement stage, a novel minimum mean square error estimator is proposed for the NMF-HMM. This estimator can be implemented using parallel computing, reducing the time complexity. Moreover, compared to the traditional NMF-based speech enhancement methods, the experimental results show that our proposed algorithm improved the short-time objective intelligibility and perceptual evaluation of speech quality by 5% and 0.18, respectively.
The interface between unitary hypothesis and componential approach to testing reading skills: do subjects show similar levels of performance with respect to specific reading sub-skills in tests representing both theories? Descriptive correlational study
Authors: Wanna Wendiyfraw 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn order to have a better understanding of the nature of reading behavior, it is quite essential to scrutinize the underlying assumptions of the two competing theories: the componential approach and unitary hypothesis and see how this is reflected on testing the reading skills. As a result, the current study was aimed at broadening the existing knowledge horizon by trying to identify if there was relationship in the overall scores of learners at different ability groups in Reading Sub-skills Test and reading levels in Cloze Test and showing how they differed in their performance with respect to specific reading sub-skills. So as to address the specific research objectives, tests were used to collect the required data. More specifically, these included: a cloze test to determine the subjects’ reading levels; and a reading sub-skills test to find out their performance in terms of the sub-skills at word, sentence, and discourse level. Descriptive statistics (i.e. frequencies and percentages) and correlations were used to analyze the data collected. Besides, the SPSS was used to carry out the computations and normality tests which showed that the test scores were not normally distributed. Hence, Kendall’s tau, a non-parametric test, was used to carry out correlation coefficients. In addition, the data analysis revealed that average-scorers, low-scorers, test-takers at instructional reading level, and those at frustration level had much difficulty with most of the reading sub-skills with varying degrees. Eventually, recommendations were suggested so that learners could improve their difficulties with the reading sub-skills.
Activity of daily life dependency predicts the risk of mortality in patients with COVID-19 undergoing hemodialysis: a retrospective analysis of a single center with nosocomial outbreak
Authors: Ino Jun , Iemura Fumika , Nakajima Chihiro , Kodama Mio , Kumon Saeko , Sato Keitaro , Eizumi Hitoshi , Hijikata Nobuhiro , Oshio Sadayuki , Tachibana Shingo , Nitta Kosaku , Hoshino Junichi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
We experienced a nosocomial outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from November 2020 to February 2021, during the third wave of the pandemic in Japan.

Methods
We retrospectively assessed the characteristics and data of 20 inpatients undergoing hemodialysis who were hospitalized for treatment of diseases other than COVID-19 during the COVID-19 nosocomial outbreak (“inpatient,” IP), and of 10 outpatients undergoing hemodialysis who were hospitalized for the care of COVID-19 under outpatient visits (“outpatient,” OP).

Results
Eleven patients in the IP group (55%) and one in the OP group (10%) died. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that the IP group died more rapidly than the OP group (p = 0.02). Multivariate analysis among all hemodialysis patients showed that the IP group was not at risk of mortality independently; however, the activity of daily life (ADL) dependency was found to be an independent factor in increasing the risk of mortality (hazard ratio: 7.618).

Conclusion
Our findings show that the nosocomial infected group has a worse prognosis, although it is not an independent predictor for the risk of mortality. ADL dependency could predict the risk of mortality in all hemodialysis patients with COVID-19 during the third wave pandemic in Japan.
A machine learning approach to model the future distribution of e-mobility and its impact on the power grid
Authors: Eitel Paul , Stolle Peter 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIt is to be expected that there will be a shift toward electromobility with regard to private passenger cars in the coming years. This will oblige the respective power grid providers to upgrade their networks in future years. So that grid operators can plan and operate their grids to meet future needs, they have to have as complete information as possible about the loads they will be required to handle. Depending on voltage level, geographic location, general grid load, and spread of e-mobility, the situation will vary. The assumption explored in this paper is that external factors influence the distribution of EV chargers. As a second task, the impact on the power grid is simulated by means of various scenarios on the basis of this identified distribution, with the focus on low voltage (LV) grids. Sociodemographic data is used as a geographic grid to determine potential distribution. For this, machine learning methods from the field of “Species Distribution Modeling” are applied for a prospective distribution concept. Using this distribution model, the results of simulation of power grid utilization reveal vulnerabilities scattered around the networks. It is shown that e-mobility will, in the future, present a challenge for power grid operators, for which solution concepts are needed.
Performance evaluation of German smart meter infrastructure for load management through grid operators
Authors: Springmann Elisabeth , Bruckmeier Andreas , Müller Mathias 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe transition to a climate-neutral energy system involves the integration of many small components—on the generation as well as on the consumption side. Their controllability is a crucial part of running a reliable energy system, for example, to prevent or resolve grid congestions. The smart meter infrastructure enables a secure integration of these small system units in grid operator processes. The technical realization of German smart meter infrastructure is detailed in the guidelines of the German Federal Office for Information Security. It must undergo certification before being deployed. In order to assess whether the standardized German infrastructure meets the requirements for the use case, we conducted a performance analysis including the three factors “overall reliability”, “emerging data volume”, and “latency time”. The investigated use case is “Load Management through Grid Operators”. For data collection, we used log records from all participating devices along the process chain and recorded all network traffic. In total, we executed over 2000 commands within the test series and analyzed over 3.0 mio. data points. We concluded 98.2% successful power limitations for the overall reliability. The average emerging data volume is 14.97 kB when executing one command within one communication session. The latency time from the command until the reaction is on average 51 s, referring to the case of a curative power limitation and needing to establish a communication channel. Thus, the requirements for the considered use case are fulfilled, provided that the capacity of communication infrastructure is made available according to the number of controllable components.
Virtualization for performance guarantees of state estimation in cyber-physical energy systems
Authors: Hage Hassan Batoul , Narayan Anand , Brand Michael , Lehnhoff Sebastian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe strong interdependence between power systems and information and communication technologies (ICT) makes cyber-physical energy systems susceptible to new disturbances. State estimation (SE) is a vital part of energy management systems, for several monitoring, management, and control services. Failure of SE service leads to loss of situational awareness, which in turn has a detrimental impact on the grid operation. Therefore, it is essential to maintain the performance of SE service. Modern technologies such as virtualization are key drivers to provide the flexibility to reallocate, reconfigure, and manage services as a countermeasure to mitigate the impact of disturbances. This paper introduces the virtualization of SE service as a potential approach to maintain its performance in the case of disturbances. Following a review of existing approaches for maintaining the performance of the SE service, a description of the proposed approach is provided. The benefits of virtualization of SE service are demonstrated via a simulation test platform with an ICT-enriched CIGRE MV benchmark grid.
Magnetic dipole transitions in 9Be(p,γ)10B
Authors: Kabir Abdul , Khalid Muhammad , Naqvi Najam Abbas , Nabi Jameel-Un 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The proton radiative capture reactions are crucial in nuclear astrophysics. 9Be(p,γ)10B is important in stellar and primordial nucleosynthesis. In the present work, we compute the astrophysical S-factor for 9Be(p,γ)10B by employing the potential model (PM) for the magnetic transitions. Moreover, we revised the nuclear structure features and spectroscopic properties of the 10B nucleus under the PM approach.
Topic Theory in Soviet Musicology
Authors: Zavlunov Daniil 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAnglophone topic theory scholarship evinces only peripheral awareness of rich traditions of topical analysis that have existed outside its linguistic sphere. Many of the elements defining Anglophone topic theory today were present in the writings of Soviet musicologists, some dating back to the 1930s. Soviet “topic theory”—to use the term anachronistically—grew out of the method of holistic analysis (tselostnïy analiz) developed by Leo (Lev) Mazel’ and Viktor Zuckermann (Tsukkerman). Even the earliest scholarship of these theorists is peppered with references to topics, with the topical explorations embedded within broader considerations of style, history, and musical structure and discourse. By the early 1960s, a culture of topical analysis, one that emphasized topics' expressive and formal functions, was in place, and over the next decade it began to transform into a theory. The core of this essay is devoted to Mazel's and, especially, Zuckermann's understanding of topics and what they make possible in music analysis. Mazel's and Zuckermann's work stimulated the next generation of theorists—including Viktor Bobrovsky, Yevgeny Nazaykinsky, and Vyacheslav Medushevsky—to systematize and consolidate their ideas and take them in new directions. This study—part conspectus, part interpretation, and part critique—surveys the evolution of topic theory by holistic analysts and their disciples between 1930 and 1990.
Malaria prevalence in Commune 5 in Tumaco (Nariño, Colombia)
Authors: Chaparro Narváez Pablo Enrique , Jimenez-Serna Monica Marcela , Gunturiz Albarracin Maria Luz , Carrasquilla Gutierrez Gabriel 
Published: September 2022

AntecedentesLa malaria urbana es un problema de salud pública en Colombia y aún existe desconocimiento sobre sus características epidemiológicas, las cuales son clave para la implementación de medidas de control. La presencia de casos de malaria urbana y el diagnóstico de la enfermedad son algunos de los desafíos que enfrentan los programas de eliminación de la malaria. El objetivo de esta investigación fue estimar la prevalencia de malaria, explorar factores asociados y detectar genespfhrp2/3, en la zona urbana de Tumaco entre julio y diciembre de 2019.MétodosSe realizó un estudio de prevalencia utilizando un muestreo probabilístico aleatorio estratificado. Se administraron encuestas estructuradas y se tomaron muestras de sangre y se examinaron mediante microscopía óptica, pruebas de diagnóstico rápido (RDT) y reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR). Se utilizó un modelo de regresión logística para explorar los factores asociados.ResultadosSe encuestó a 1.504 personas que vivían en 526 hogares. La prevalencia global fue del 2,97% (IC 95%: 2,1 - 4,3%). Fue mayor en varones, en el grupo de edad de 10 a 19 años y en casos asintomáticos. La prevalencia de la amplificación depfhrp2fue del 2,16 % (IC del 95 %: 1,6 - 2,9 %). Los hogares con tres o más personas tenían un mayor riesgo de infección por paludismo (odds ratio ajustado [ORa] 4,05; intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%: 1,57-10,43). Todos los casos se debieron aP.falciparum.ConclusionesLa prevalencia de malaria urbana fue baja. Las estrategias para eliminar la malaria en áreas urbanas deben ajustarse considerando el acceso al diagnóstico temprano, la infección asintomática y las PDR utilizadas para detectar la presencia del genpfhrp2.