bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of the German version of the patient safety climate inventory to the Austrian context
Authors: Draganović Šehad , Offermanns Guido 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesIn recent years, patient safety culture (PSC) in hospitals, including its development and measurement, has increasingly received attention in Europe. Even though several instruments have been developed for PSC measurement in European countries, there is, to date, no validated measure to assess PSC in Austria. The study at hand addresses this gap in the evidence base by psychometrically assessing the German ‘Patient Safety Climate Inventory’ (PaSKI) in terms of its potential suitability for the Austrian healthcare system. The goal is to theoretically develop and empirically verify a separate instrument for PSC measurement in Austria.SettingTen hospitals.ParticipantsHealthcare professionals (n=1202); doctors (n=142), nurse (n=645), other health workers (n=51), medical technology professions (n=170), management/administration (n=76), other (n=20), no response (n=98).Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe pretest was conducted with 101 health professionals. Psychometric evaluations, including exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, were performed with both an original version of the PaSKI and an adapted one. The original PaSKI and the newly adapted ‘Austrian Patient Safety Climate Inventory’ (A-PaSKI) were then compared.ResultsThe A-PaSKI’s factor structure developed in our study differs from the original 14-factor structure (49 items) of the PaSKI. The new instrument consists of 10 factors (30 items), comprising seven departmental factors, two hospital factors, and one outcome factor. The new instrument A-PaSKI revealed satisfactory results on the model-level and internal consistency. The confirmatory factor analysis for the A-PaSKI (χ2 (360)=1408.245, p=0.0001) showed a good model fit, and the absolute and relative fit indices showed an excellent model adjustment. The construct validity was acceptable for nine and unacceptable for one factor.ConclusionsThis is the first validation study of a standardised safety culture measure in Austrian hospitals. The Austrian version of PaSKI demonstrated good psychometric properties, with acceptable to good internal consistency and construct validity for use in Austrian hospitals.
Patient characteristics and disease burden of alopecia areata in the Danish Skin Cohort
Authors: Andersen Yuki M F , Nymand Lea , DeLozier Amy M , Burge Russel , Edson-Heredia Emily , Egeberg Alexander 
Published: February 2022

PurposeAlopecia areata (AA) is a common disorder of patchy hair loss which carries a substantial psychological burden for patients. The current understanding of AA prevalence, disease course and burden is limited, and further research is needed to improve patient care. This prospective cohort of AA patients within the Danish Skin Cohort was established to provide data that can serve as a tool in future studies of for example, AA epidemiology and disease burden.ParticipantsA total of 1494 patients with dermatologist-verified AA were included in the cohort. Patients were invited and included through electronic or phone-based questionnaires. Information regarding demographics, biometrics, lifestyle factors, skin type, AA onset and development, health-related quality of life and self-reported severity assessment was collected.Findings to dateThe mean (SD) age of AA onset was 32.7 (17.6) years. The mean body mass index and history of cigarette smoking was comparable with the general population. The majority (92.5%) of participants were Caucasian. In total, 72.4% of patients received their diagnosis by a physician within a year after onset of symptoms, and 66.9% reported to still have symptoms of AA within the past year. A total of 12% reported to have a first-degree family member with AA. In total, 31.4% of patients were missing all or nearly all hairs on their scalp, 32.2% had no or barely no eyelashes and 36.2% had no or barely no eyebrow hairs. Overall, most patients (55.7%) did not experience irritated eyes, but 30% reported slight eye irritation and 47.2% reported no damage to finger nails or toenails.Future plansObservational studies regarding comorbidities, psychosocial burden of AA and efficacy of pharmacological interventions will be carried out and additional data will be linked from nationwide registries of routinely collected data. Furthermore, follow-up survey data will be added for longitudinal analyses.
First clinical multicenter experience with the new Pipeline Vantage flow diverter
Authors: Vollherbst Dominik F , Cekirge H Saruhan , Saatci Isil , Baltacioglu Feyyaz , Onal Baran , Koc Osman , Rautio Riitta , Sinisalo Matias , Tomasello Alejandro , Vega Pedro , Martínez-Galdámez Mario , Lynch Jeremy , Mendes Pereira Vitor , Bendszus Martin , Möhlenbruch Markus A 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundFlow diversion is an innovative and increasingly used technique for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. New flow diverters (FDs) are being introduced to improve the safety and efficacy of this treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of the new Pipeline Vantage (PV) FD.MethodsPatients with intracranial aneurysms treated with the PV at 10 international neurovascular centers were retrospectively analyzed. Patient and aneurysm characteristics, procedural parameters, complications, and the grade of occlusion were assessed.Results60 patients with 70 aneurysms (5.0% with acute hemorrhage, 90.0% located in the anterior circulation) were included. 82 PVs were implanted in 61 treatment sessions. The PV could be successfully implanted in all treatments. Additional coiling was performed in 18.6%, and in-stent balloon angioplasty (to enhance the vessel wall apposition) in 24.6%. Periprocedural technical complications occurred in 24.6% of the treatments, were predominantly FD deployment problems, and were all asymptomatic. The overall symptomatic complication rate was 8.2% and the neurological symptomatic complication rate was 3.3%. Only one symptomatic complication was device-related (perforator artery infarctions leading to stroke). After a mean follow-up of 7.1 months, the rate of complete aneurysm occlusion was 77.9%. One patient (1.7%) died due to aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage which occurred before treatment, unrelated to the procedure.ConclusionsThe new PV FD is safe and feasible for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. The short-term occlusion rates are promising but need further assessment in prospective long-term follow-up studies.
Optimal location for continuous catheter analgesia among the femoral triangle, proximal, or distal adductor canal after total knee arthroplasty: a randomized double-blind controlled trial
Authors: Lee Bora , Park Sang Jun , Park Kwan Kyu , Kim Hee Jung , Lee Yong Suk , Choi Yong Seon 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundPain management after total knee arthroplasty is essential to improve early mobilization, rehabilitation, and recovery. Continuous adductor canal (AC) block provides postoperative analgesia while preserving quadriceps strength. However, there have been inconsistencies regarding the optimal location for continuous catheter block. We compared continuous femoral triangle, proximal AC, and distal AC blocks for postoperative analgesia after total knee arthroplasty.MethodsPatients undergoing unilateral total knee arthroplasty were randomly assigned to three groups: femoral triangle, proximal AC, or distal AC. The surgeon performed periarticular local anesthetic infiltration. After surgery, an ultrasound-guided perineural catheter insertion procedure was performed. The primary endpoint was pain scores at rest in the morning on the first postoperative day. Secondary endpoints included pain scores at rest and during activity at other time points, quadriceps strength, and opioid consumption.ResultsNinety-five patients, 32 in the femoral triangle group, 31 in the proximal AC group, and 32 in the distal AC group, completed the study. Analysis of the primary outcome showed no significant difference in pain scores among groups. Secondary outcomes showed significantly lower pain scores at rest and during activity in the distal AC group than in the femoral triangle and proximal AC groups in the morning of the second postoperative day. Quadriceps strength and opioid consumption did not differ among groups.ConclusionsContinuous femoral triangle, proximal AC, and distal AC blocks in the setting of periarticular local anesthetic infiltration provide comparable postoperative analgesia after total knee arthroplasty.Trial registration numberNCT04206150.
Wood energy quality of Eucalyptus spp. clones established under different soil types in the Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: Silva Macksuel Fernandes da , Lima Pedro Augusto Fonseca , Novaes Evandro , Sette Carlos Roberto , Vale Ailton Teixeira do 
Published: February 2022

The evaluation of wood energy quality of Eucalyptus clones planted in different edaphoclimatic conditions is fundamental to promote the sustainable expansion of energy forests to traditionally non-forest regions. This study aimed to evaluate the wood energy characteristics (proximate analysis, elemental analysis, higher heating value, basic and energy densities) from five Eucalyptus spp. clones planted in Latosol and Haplic Plinthosol soils in the Brazilian Cerrado (Savannah), considered a traditionally non-forest region. The wood basic and energetic densities are influenced by genotype (clone) but not influenced by the soil type (site). The higher heating value and the proximate analysis showed a significant effect of interaction between clone and soil type. Thus, for these wood energy variables, the clones behave differently depending on the growing location (soil type). Our results indicate that the clone with Eucalyptus cloeziana genes has the greatest energy potential because of the best wood quality: low ash (0.11%–0.09%), nitrogen contents (0.24%–0.31%), higher basic density (490.60–487.22 kg·m−1), and energy density (9720.5–9589.1 MJ·m−1), for soil types Latosol and Plinthosol.
Oficina de leitura e escrita para estudantes da Educação de Jovens e Adultos: a relevância da biblioteca escolar como recurso pedagógico
Authors: Azevedo Anderson L. 
Published: February 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um relato de experiência sobre o desenvolvimento da Oficina de Leitura e Escrita para estudantes da Educação de Jovens e Adultos, na Biblioteca Emília Bustamante da Escola Politécnica de Saúde Joaquim Venâncio, da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Para tanto, apresentam-se primeiramente um panorama do analfabetismo no Brasil, de acordo com informações do IBGE em 2019, e as determinações da LDBEN para mitigar essa defasagem social. Em seguida, são apresentados os conceitos da EJA, a importância da leitura e da escrita e a definição de biblioteca escolar. Por último, são analisados os relatos da professora de língua portuguesa, do coordenador do curso e dos bibliotecários que acompanharam o desenvolvimento da Oficina e os resultados obtidos. De acordo com esses profissionais, observou-se que os alunos participantes apresentaram avanços no desempenho dentro e fora da sala de aula, com melhora significativa na interpretação de textos, escrita e até na dicção. Como conclusão, a experiência comprova a importância da leitura e da escrita na vida em sociedade do indivíduo e a relevância da biblioteca escolar como recurso pedagógico no desenvolvimento da capacidade de letramento e na formação de um sujeito crítico, que busca expandir suas experiências existenciais de acordo com sua realidade e vivências.
Nitroxyl Donor CXL-1020 Lowers Blood Pressure by Targeting C195 in Cyclic Guanosine-3’,5’-Monophosphate-Dependent Protein Kinase I
Authors: Kamynina Alisa , Guttzeit Sebastian , Eaton Philip , Cuello Friederike 
Published: February 2022

Background:
We previously demonstrated that nitroxyl causes vasodilation, at least in part, by inducing the formation of an intradisulfide bond between C117 and C195 in the high affinity cyclic guanosine monophosphate-binding site of PKGI (cyclic guanosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase I). The aim of this study was to determine whether nitroxyl donors lower blood pressure via this novel PKGI activation mechanism in vivo.

Methods:
To determine this, a C195S PKGI knock-in mouse model was generated that ubiquitously and constitutively expresses a mutant kinase resistant to nitroxyl-induced intradisulfide activation.

Results:

Knock-in and wild-type littermates did not differ in appearance, body weight, in PKGI protein expression or blood gas content. Organ weight was similar between genotypes apart from the cecum that was significantly enlarged in knock-in animals. Mean arterial pressure and heart rate monitored in vivo over 24 hours by radio-telemetry revealed neither a significant difference between genotypes at baseline nor during angiotensin II–induced hypertension or sepsis. CXL-1020, a clinically relevant nitroxyl donor, did not lower blood pressure in normotensive animals. In contrast, administering CXL-1020 to hypertensive wild-type mice reduced their blood pressure by 10±4 mm Hg (
P
=0.0184), whereas the knock-in littermates were unaffected.

Conclusions:
Oxidation of C195 in PKGI contributes to the antihypertensive effects observed in response to nitroxyl donors, emphasising the potential importance of nitroxyl donors in pathological scenarios when cyclic guanosine monophosphate levels are reduced and insufficient to activate PKGI.
Allostasis as a core feature of hierarchical gradients in the human brain
Authors: Katsumi Yuta , Theriault Jordan E. , Quigley Karen S. , Barrett Lisa Feldman 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper integrates emerging evidence from two broad streams of scientific literature into one common framework: (a) hierarchical gradients of functional connectivity that reflect the brain’s large-scale structural architecture (e.g., a lamination gradient in the cerebral cortex); and (b) approaches to predictive processing and one of its specific instantiations called allostasis (i.e., the predictive regulation of energetic resources in the service of coordinating the body’s internal systems). This synthesis begins to sketch a coherent, neurobiologically inspired framework suggesting that predictive energy regulation is at the core of human brain function, and by extension, psychological and behavioral phenomena, providing a shared vocabulary for theory building and knowledge accumulation.
Cuticle ultrastructure differences among the four adult forms of Deladenus nitobei (Tylenchomorpha: Allantonematidae)
Authors: Ekino Taisuke , Yoshiga Toyoshi , Kanzaki Natsumi 
Published: February 2022

Summary
Deladenus nitobei, a hexatylinid species, is a parasite of the wood wasp Sirex nitobei and a fungal feeder, i.e., the nematode parasitises the wasp to be carried to a new environment (a dead tree) where it propagates after feeding on Amylostereum areolatum, a fungus mutualistically associated with the wasp. The complex life history involves four adult forms: mycophagous male, mycophagous female, insect-infective female, and insect-parasitic female. To understand the morphological strategies of D. nitobei, the cuticle ultrastructure of the four adult forms was observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The structures were compared with those of other hexatylinid species, particularly Fergusobia spp. TEM revealed that the insect-infective females of D. nitobei have a more developed cuticle compared with mycophagous males and females, whereas insect-infective females of Fergusobia do not. The developed cuticle enables D. nitobei infective females to move actively and easily penetrate the host cuticle using their hypertrophied stylet. In terms of parasitic stage, the cuticle structure was typical of an insect-parasitic stage, as in Fergusobia, although with some differences. A remnant cuticle is not found in Fergusobia yet retained in D. nitobei. These structural differences imply that D. nitobei is in the middle of evolving transepidermal nutrient acquisition from per os acquisition, whereas Fergusobia is near the end of this evolutionary trend.
Redescription of Ransomnema bravoae Sánchez-Velázquez, 1981 (Ransomnematoidea: Ransomnematidae) from Anadenobolus putealis Loomis, 1969 (Diplopoda: Rhinocricidae) from Mexico
Authors: Mejia-Madrid Hugo H. 
Published: February 2022

Summary
Ransomnema bravoae from the intestine of the endemic rhinocricid, Anadenobolus putealis, from Mexico, is redescribed. This species was originally described from the spirobolid Hiltonius carpinus from Morelos State, Mexico. A redescription is presented and a neotype proposed due to the loss of the type material. Ransomnema bravoae can be distinguished from all other described species of Ransomnema by the presence of a cervical expansion extending from the base of the buccal cone to approximately the last one-third of the muscular pharynx and is offset by a slight constriction at the termination point, the presence of broad lateral alae beginning at the cervical expansion termination and terminating at the phasmids, the size and distribution of the male caudal papillae, and the size of the spicules, the right spicule being 3-4 times longer than the left. Ransomnema bravoae resembles R. alatum and R. bursatum in the presence of lateral alae but differs markedly in their distribution along the body. The right spicule is within the size range of that of R. longispiculum. Males of R. bravoae possess the usual papillal composition of the genus and are very similar to that of R. christiei in that the last pair of papillae is arranged in tandem. It is similar to species where males possess three precloacal papillae placed on lateral protuberances, showing morphological affinities to Caribbean species R. artigasi and R. habanense from Cuba.
The Recognition of the Special Relationship of Indigenous Peoples with their Environment under International Law
Authors: Renglet Charlotte 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Indigenous peoples are amongst the most affected by climate change. Its effects threaten the very survival of their cultural identity which revolves around a strong connection to their ancestral lands and natural resources. Indigenous peoples have thus played a prominent role in the recent development of international human rights-based climate litigation. Against this background, this paper examines their specific status and legal tools in this regard. It first recalls how they obtained the recognition of their special relationship with their natural environment as well as specific environmental rights under international law, both in specific instruments of protection of indigenous peoples’ rights and under general human rights law. After emphasizing their significant role in advancing environmental protection under international human rights law, the article then enquires whether the recognised environmental component of indigenous peoples’ fundamental rights might allow them to develop stronger substantive legal arguments in human rights-based climate litigation.
Dialectic as Ostension Towards the Transcendent: Language and Mystical Intersubjectivity in Plotinus’ Enneads
Authors: Haig Albert R. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The theory of language that underlies Plotinus’ Enneads is considered in relation to his broader metaphysical vision. For Plotinus, language is neither univocal nor equivocal, but is something in-between, incapable of precisely describing reality, but nonetheless not completely useless. Propositional knowledge expressed discursively represents an imperfect shadow of reality which is defective in relation to the pure apprehension of Intellect. Passages in Plotinus which relate language to the sensible world are examined and it is argued that, although it plays a useful role in relating the sensible world to Intellect, discursive reason is nonetheless intrinsically inferior to both as a mode of representation. Plotinus holds that the inadequacy of language is “global” in character; language cannot describe any aspect of reality precisely, from the mundane to the transcendent. Language as a whole is an inferior image or imitation of the world as a whole. Therefore, the flaws in our linguistic representations cannot all be untangled or conceptually unpacked by means of language. There are passages in the Enneads which hint at an underlying semantic holism. Plotinus’ theory implies that apparent verbal contradictions which occur in different contexts might nonetheless still represent the optimal linguistic description of a reality that strictly speaking is ineffable. Therefore, discursive logical deduction is not always reliable, and needs to be subordinated to a vision of Intellect. True philosophical reasoning (dialectic) represents ostension towards the transcendent. Those who are sufficiently liberated to attain to an apprehension of the Forms, thereby come to inhabit the same “higher world”, involving a shared mystical intersubjectivity, which can be expressed linguistically, but only in an approximate manner. Plotinus’ theory presents a potential way out of the nihilistic impasse into which contemporary philosophy has arguably become enmeshed.
Tigray’s Complex Emergency, Expulsions and the Aspirations of the Responsibility to Protect
Authors: D’Costa Bina 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article observes that with the intensification of humanitarian crisis in Tigray and the Horn of Africa region, an important question re-emerges: how could the international community, in cooperation with national and local actors, provide protection to vulnerable civilian populations against state repression? How could this be even possible when international practitioners face the threat of expulsions and the local human rights groups face possible retaliation. The violent civil war raging in Tigray once again reveals that the responsibility to protect (R2P) norm often encounters a paradox – state sovereignty vs international community’s responsibility.
British Military Assistance to Help Establish Abu Dhabi’s Air Force, 1967–1971
Authors: Yates Athol 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Britain has long provided military assistance to help develop and support the local armed forces of its dominions, colonies and other parts of its Empire. This was not done out of benevolence but as part of Britain’s efforts to encourage its partners to be responsible for their own security. This article describes an unusual case of such assistance, which was provided to help establish Abu Dhabi’s air force in the 1967–1971 period. The Abu Dhabi ruler’s decision to only engage contract officers, rather than seconded officers, had a profound effect on the shape of the military assistance provided by Britain. Unlike most training, advising, assisting and mentoring missions, Britain provided no training nor mentoring, and only limited advice. Its greatest contribution was assistance with the recruitment for Abu Dhabi of both soon-to-retire and already retired British officers. These findings have relevance for current British doctrine on military assistance, notably in relation to the more effective use of contract officers.