bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eddy current and structural analysis of the beam pipe for the BRing dipole magnet
Authors: Lu J.Q. , Ma L.Z. , Yao Q.G. , You W. , Zhang X. , Chen Y.Q. , Zhao L.X. , Lv M.B. , Wu W. , Yang W.J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Fast-ramping magnets will be used in the Booster Ring
(BRing) of the High-Intensity Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF),
which is proposed by the Institute of Modern Physics (IMP), Chinese
Academy of Sciences (CAS). The dipole magnet will provide the field
quality from the injection field of 0.0496 T up to the maximum
value of 1.5786 T, with the maximum ramping rate of 12 T/s. The
ramping magnetic field induces eddy currents that give rise to eddy
loss and large force on the beam pipe, field delay and sextupole
field appear to affect the field quality provided by the BRing
dipole. An in-detail understanding of these effects is an essential
aspect of the design. Based on the finite-element analysis, a
simplified model by use uniform background magnetic field was used
to the transient simulations, eddy current and the forces on the
pipe at different times on the beam pipe were performed. This paper
presents the results obtained for the eddy loss and magnetic field
delay for different wall thicknesses. Then, mechanical design
details are presented, and also stress distribution, the deformation
in the beam pipe. The analysis results revealed that the eddy
current and thus the field delay and eddy current-induced Lorentz
force scales linearly with the derivative of the magnetic field and
the thickness of the pipe. The power losses that cause heating of
the pipe is linear with the square of the derivative of the magnetic
field and the thickness of the pipe.
Computational ghost imaging with PSF-guiding deep learning through various unknown turbid scattering media
Authors: Chen Ke , Xiao Hongyuan , Cheng Xuemin , Ziqi Gao , Wang Anqi , Hu Yao , Hao Qun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Achieving high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) imaging through scattering media is challenging. Computational ghost imaging with deep learning (CGIDL) has unique advantages for solving this challenge. However, image reconstruction cannot be guaranteed due to low correlation between real signal and training dataset, when the CGIDL is applied in different unknown scattering media. Point spread function (PSF) determines the quality of CGIDL reconstruction, linking the mathematical features of the scene and the quality of reconstruction. In this study, an innovative CGIDL technology based on the measured PSF method is proposed to improve the correlation between real signal and training dataset. When five new turbid scattering media with unknown scattering strength are introduced, classification of PSF enables high SNR imaging through various turbid scattering media.
Mosquitoes Eating Mosquitoes: HowToxorhynchites amboinensis,Psorophora ciliata, andSabethes cyaneus(Diptera: Culicidae) Capture Prey
Authors: Hancock Robert G , Boyd Taylor , MacFadden Shannon , Sowders Aaron , Foster W A , Lounibos L P 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHigh-speed microcinematography was used to elucidate the details of prey capture by the larvae of three predatory mosquito species. The obligate predators Toxorhynchites amboinensis and Psorophora ciliata exhibited a high degree of convergence as both utilize three essential elements: 1) abdominally-generated hemostatic pressure to propel the head towards the prey; 2) lateral palatal brushes (LPB) opening and fanning into anterior-directed basket-like arrangements; 3) simultaneously with the LPB-basket formation, the wide opening of sharp-toothed mandibles. Thus, LPBs and mandibles are used for prey capture by both species. The facultative predator Sabethes cyaneus utilizes a vastly different prey-capture mechanism that involves ventro-lateral body arching and scooping of prey with axially pointed siphons into the grasp of open maxillae bearing elongate apical teeth. Prey consumption, which is typically incomplete in this species, then involves the action of teeth on the mandibles which cut into the held prey. Although prey consumption is incomplete, simple experiments show that Sa. cyaneus do gain nutritionally from consuming mosquito larvae and that they do discriminate heterospecific from conspecific larvae and actively approach heterospecific mosquito prey. These findings indicate that independent evolutionary pathways have produced diverse predatory behaviors and morphologies in aquatic environments where the immature stages of mosquitoes co-occur.
Enhanced recovery after surgery recommendations for renal transplantation: guidelines
Authors: Tan Jaimee H S , Bhatia Kailash , Sharma Videha , Swamy Mruthunjaya , van Dellen David , Dhanda Raman , Khambalia Hussein 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols are now widely practiced in major surgery, improving postsurgical outcomes. Uptake of these programmes have been slow in kidney transplantation due to challenges in evaluating their safety and efficacy in this high-risk cohort. To date, there are no unified guidance and protocols specific to ERAS in kidney transplantation surgery. This paper aims to summarise current evidence in the literature and develop ERAS protocol recommendations for kidney transplantation recipients.

Methods
PubMed, Cochrane, Embase and Medline databases were screened for studies relevant to ERAS protocols in kidney transplantation, up to August 2021. A secondary search was repeated for each ERAS recommendation to explore the specific evidence base available for each section of the protocol. Randomised controlled trials, case-control and cohort studies were included. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) framework was used to evaluate the quality of evidence available and recommendations.

Results
We identified six eligible studies with a total of 1225 participants. All studies found a reduction in length of hospital stay without affecting readmission rates. The evidence behind specific pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative interventions included in current ERAS protocols are reviewed and discussed.

Conclusion
Compared to other surgical specialties, the evidence base for ERAS in kidney transplantation remains lacking, with further room for research and development. However, significant improvements to patient outcomes are already possible with application of the currently available evidence. This has shown that ERAS in kidney transplantation surgery is safe and feasible, with improved postoperative outcomes.
Increased intra-abdominal haemorrhage after thoracic endovascular aortic replacement in patients with concomitant blunt aortic injuries and abdominal trauma: a National Trauma Data Bank analysis
Authors: Lu Yu-Chieh , Yu Sheng-Yueh , Fu Chih-Yuan , Bajani Francesco , Bokhari Marissa , Mis Justin , Poulakidas Stathis , Bokhari Faran 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The role of thoracic endovascular aortic replacement (TEVAR) in patients with concomitant blunt thoracic aortic injury (BTAI) and blunt abdomen trauma (BAT) was evaluated using nationwide real-world data. The risk of post-TEVAR abdominal haemorrhage was studied.

METHODS
Patients with BTAI and BAT in the National Trauma Data Bank were retrospectively studied. Propensity score matching was used to evaluate the effect of TEVAR in delayed abdominal surgeries for haemostasis and the delayed need for blood transfusion. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the independent risk factors for delayed intra-abdominal haemorrhage in these patients.

RESULTS
A total of 928 concomitant BTAI and BAT patients were studied (TEVAR versus non-TEVAR, 206 vs 722). After a well-balanced propensity score matching analysis, patients who received TEVAR had significantly more delayed abdominal surgeries for haemostasis (7.7% vs 4.5%, standardized mean difference = 0.316) and delayed need for blood transfusion (11.6% vs 7.1%, standardized mean difference = 0.299) than those who did not. The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that TEVAR increased the need for delayed abdominal surgeries (odds ratio = 2.026, P = 0.034). Among the patients who underwent TEVAR, the patients with delayed abdominal surgeries for haemostasis had a significantly higher proportion of severe abdominal injury (abdominal Abbreviated Injury Scale score of 4 or 5) than patients without delayed abdominal surgeries for haemostasis (31.6% vs 15.5%, P = 0.038).

CONCLUSIONS
Patients with concomitant BTAI and BAT had a higher risk of intra-abdominal haemorrhage after TEVAR, especially patients with severe abdominal trauma.
Orthodontic treatment quality evaluated by partially automated digital IOTN and PAR index determination: a retrospective multicentre study
Authors: Coenen Franziska A , Bartz Jenny R , Niederau Christian , Craveiro Rogerio B , Knaup Isabel , Wolf Michael 
Published: October 2022

Summary

Background
Orthodontic therapy aims to treat misaligned teeth and jaws to improve dental occlusion as well as the function and aesthetics of the masticatory system. Continuous data collection to check treatment quality is of great importance for the constant optimization of orthodontic care.

Objective
The aim of this retrospective multicentre cohort study was to systematically determine the outcome and quality of orthodontic treatment by applying the internationally established Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) and Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index in multiple clinical settings for a representative number of patient cases.

Materials and methods
A total of 1509 consecutive orthodontic patient cases (treatment completion between January 2018 and December 2020) from three representative orthodontic centres (University clinic, city office, small town office) were analysed in a multicentre study. The pre- and post-treatment casts were scanned, digitally measured, and partially automatically evaluated using the IOTN and PAR indices.

Results
A statistically significant improvement in occlusion was observed for medically necessary treatment of IOTN grades 4 and 5 in 97.30 per cent of the analysed cases and for treatment-requiring grades 2 and 3 in 94.08 per cent of the analysed cases. The average percentage PAR improvement was 76.51 per cent. 72.50 per cent of cases showed improvement of more than 70 per cent. The mean PAR index score was reduced from 28.19 ± 9.49 to 6.22 ± 5.41 points.

Conclusion
The present data demonstrate that orthodontic treatment is efficient in inducing significant improvement of malocclusions in general and has a high success rate with severe dysgnathia.
Culturomic-, metagenomic-, and transcriptomic-based characterization of commensal lactic acid bacteria isolated from domestic dogs using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for aging
Authors: Kang An Na , Mun Daye , Ryu Sangdon , Jae Lee Jeong , Oh Sejong , Kyu Kim Min , Song Minho , Oh Sangnam , Kim Younghoon 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In tandem with the fast expansion of the pet-economy industry, the present aging research has been noticing the function of probiotics in extending the healthy lifetime of domestic animals. In this study, we aimed to understand the bacterial compositions of canine feces and isolating lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as commensal LAB as novel potential probiotics for the use of antiaging using Caenorhabditis elegans surrogate animal model. Under an anaerobic, culturomic, and metagenomic analysis, a total of 305 commensal LAB were isolated from diverse domestic dogs, and four strains, Lactobacillus amylolyticus, L. salivarius, Enterococcus hirae, and E. faecium, made prominence as commensal LAB by enhancing C. elegans life span and restored neuronal degeneration induced by aging by upregulating skn-1, ser-7, and odr-3, 7, 10. Importantly, whole transcriptome results and integrative network analysis revealed extensive mRNA encoding protein domains and functional pathways of naturally aging C. elegans were examined and we built the gene informatics basis. Taken together, our findings proposed that a specific gene network corresponding to the pathways differentially expressed during the aging and selected commensal LAB as potential probiotic strains could be provided beneficial effects in the aging of domestic animals by modulating the dynamics of gut microbiota.
Exploring the Past to Inform the Future to Optimize the Pharmacokinetics of Vancomycin in Children With Severe Burn Injuries
Authors: Sherwin Catherine M , Tran Nam K , Sullivan Kevin , Wead Stephanie , Birnbaum Angela K , Avachat Charul , Healy Daniel P , Kagan Richard J 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSepsis remains one of the leading causes of death among pediatric patients with burn injuries. Despite limited vancomycin pharmacokinetic (PK) information within this population, it is widely used to treat severe burn injuries. Those with severe burns are at risk of nephrotoxicity, with an incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) over 50%. Delivering an effective vancomycin dose and avoiding unnecessary toxicity is essential for improved patient outcomes. This was a retrospective analysis of 115 children aged 0.2 months to 18 years with severe burns, &gt;10% total body surface area. Vancomycin was given via intravenous infusion; blood samples were drawn between 6- and 12-hour postinfusion. A population pharmacokinetic model was developed using nonlinear mixed-effect modeling (Monolix, version 2016R1). A one-compartment model described a steady-state volume of distribution (V), dependent on weight. Vancomycin clearance (CL) was influenced by age and estimated creatinine clearance (CrCL). The study population’s (median age = 4 years, median weight = 20 kg, median total body surface area (%TBSA) = 40%) median V and CL were calculated to be 1.25 L/kg (95% CI, 1.04–1.46) and 0.15 L/h/kg (95% CI, 0.126–0.165), respectively. The PK model was explicitly developed to characterize the impact of physiological changes in children under 18 years of age and the percentage of the burn surface area using limited data. The analysis determined that weight, age, and estimated CrCL were important covariates in predicting vancomycin PK with high variability in CL and V.
Public health opportunities resulting from sufficient HPV vaccine supply and a single-dose vaccination schedule
Authors: Kreimer Aimée R , Cernuschi Tania , Rees Helen , Brotherton Julia M L , Porras Carolina , Schiller John 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Many countries with the highest burdens of cervical cancer have not yet offered human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines to most of their age-eligible girls, who as adults also have limited or no access to effective cervical cancer screening or treatment. There are now 2 complementary developments that could make HPV vaccines more accessible and affordable: 1) the current and projected increases in HPV vaccine supply; and 2) the permissive recommendation for single-dose HPV vaccination schedules. This change in policy paired with the healthier HPV vaccine supply is an incredible opportunity to facilitate rapid access and expansion of HPV vaccination. Female adolescent vaccination including multiage cohorts must be prioritized. In the coming decades, this is the most cost-effective approach to avert millions of projected cervical cancer cases, which account for most HPV-related cancers globally.
Dialectica logical principles: not only rules
Authors: Trotta Davide , Spadetto Matteo , de Paiva Valeria 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Gödel’s Dialectica interpretation was designed to obtain the consistency of Peano arithmetic via a proof of consistency of Heyting arithmetic and double negation. In recent years, proof theoretic transformations (the so-called proof interpretations) based on Gödel’s Dialectica interpretation have been used systematically to extract new content from proofs and so the interpretation has found relevant applications in several areas of mathematics and computer science. Following our previous work on ‘Gödel fibrations’, we present a (hyper)doctrine characterization of the Dialectica, which corresponds exactly to the logical description of the interpretation. To show that, we derive the soundness of the interpretation of the implication connective, as expounded on by Spector and Troelstra, in the categorical model. This requires extra logical principles, going beyond intuitionistic logic, namely Markov Principle and the Independence of Premise principle, as well as some choice. We show how these principles are satisfied in the categorical setting, establishing a tight (internal language) correspondence between the logical system and the categorical framework. We make sure that this tight correspondence extends to the use of the principles above, instead of the weaker rules we had proved earlier on. This tight correspondence should come handy not only when discussing the traditional applications of the Dialectica but also when dealing with newer uses in modelling games or concurrency theory.
Canadian Evangelicalism
Authors: Flatt Kevin N. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Evangelicalism came to Canada with American and British settlers and missionaries beginning in the 1760s. In a society of newcomers with Protestant heritages but few established religious institutions, evangelicalism was able to spread rapidly, with Baptists and Methodists taking the lead in the Maritimes and Upper Canada, respectively. Canadian Protestants in this period were divided about several interrelated doctrinal and practical issues, making two poles distinguishable, with radical evangelicals on one end of the spectrum. Evangelicals held a range of views, however, and learned to channel early revivalism into disciplined institutional patterns. By the 1820s, most Protestants in Canada were converging toward a broad evangelical consensus. In keeping with the interpretations of Charles Taylor and other scholars, early evangelicals were able to outpace other religious groups (like the state-supported Anglicans) in Canada’s emerging “Age of Mobilization” partly because of their nimble structures and voluntarist ethos.
Particular Baptists
Authors: Haykin Michael A. G. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
During the first few decades of the long eighteenth century, the English Particular Baptist community found itself in the grip of a seemingly inexorable decline, the reasons for which included doctrinal, social, and cultural issues. While there were significant sectors of spiritual vitality, especially in the West Country as a result of the impact of Bristol Baptist Academy, widespread revival did not come until the final three decades of the century. Links with the earlier Evangelical Revival that had been largely concentrated within Anglicanism, a movement of prayer for spiritual awakening that began in 1784, the influence of the writings of the American divine Jonathan Edwards, and the theology of Andrew Fuller led to significant renewal that gave birth to the modern missionary movement.
Print Culture
Authors: Whelan Timothy 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The study of print culture and the history of the book in the eighteenth century has benefited significantly in the past three decades from studies that have placed varying degrees of emphasis on the three key components of print culture—author, publisher, and reader—and their interwoven relationships. This scholarship has also spurred new research on the literary and print culture of evangelical Anglicans, Methodists, Quakers, Calvinistic Methodists, Baptists, Moravians, and Independents in Great Britain and America, including specific studies related to the transatlantic nature of the printing histories of Philip Doddridge and Jonathan Edwards. This chapter seeks to further this discussion by exploring three areas of eighteenth-century evangelical print culture in England: the interplay between readers, writers, and producers with informal and formal sources; the ecclesiastical/topographical reconstruction of reading/selling communities of chapel-goers and neighboring (and usually like-minded) booksellers; and the interaction of these two elements in the publishing history of one representative text, Samuel James’s An Abstract of the Gracious Dealings of God with Several Eminent Christians (1760).
Samson Occom, Joseph Johnson, and New England Native American Evangelicalism
Authors: Wyss Hilary E. , Trujillo Anthony 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Samson Occom and his son-in-law, Joseph Johnson, were arguably two of the most enmeshed Indigenous figures of early New England’s missionary circles and produced radically nativist spaces and languages within and beside the discourses of White evangelical religion. Highly visible through their writings and their relationships with prominent evangelical figures, this chapter explores the deep investments Occom and Johnson made in education, religion, and politics in New and Old England while also gesturing toward the silences obscuring Indigenous peoples in English records and in the colonial imagination. Passionately convinced that Christianity had something real and important to offer their Native kin, these Mohegan men spent their lives traversing the Northeast, the Atlantic world, and the precarious terrain between Native and colonial spaces. By foregrounding these Indigenous figures rather than the Euro-American religious leaders and missionaries in religious histories of the Northeast especially among Native nations, the authors propose a reorientation for New England’s evangelical movement, putting Indigeneity and the Indigenous figures who left an indelible mark on the Native and colonial religious landscape of the eighteenth century at the center.
Role of the Physical Therapist in Cystic Fibrosis Care
Authors: Stanford Gemma , Daniels Tracey , Brown Catherine , Ferguson Katie , Prasad Ammani , Agent Penny , Gates Alison , Morrison Lisa 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In looking back on 2020 and 2021, this Perspective reflects on the monumental impacts of the rollout of cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator highly effective modulator therapies and the COVID-19 pandemic on the management of CF. Advancements in the clinical management of people with CF have been both enormous and rapid, and physical therapists specializing in the care of people with CF have been at the forefront of driving this evolution in care. This year sees the 30th anniversary of the UK Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Cystic Fibrosis and, as is inevitable in reaching such milestones, thoughts have turned to origins, role, impacts, and the future. With the changing demographics of the population of people with CF after the introduction of highly effective modulator therapies, potentially with fewer secondary complications, the future role of the physical therapist who specializes in CF is in question. This Perspective reflects on and highlights the role of physical therapy within CF and provides insights into how physical therapists and respiratory therapists can evolve their roles to ensure relevance for the future.