bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of aripiprazole in an obsessive compulsive disorder case with associated motor tics
Authors: Alvarado Dafonte A. , Valverde Barea M. , Solis M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionObsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a pathology represented by thoughts, images, impulses or feelings that generate great anxiety and discomfort, as well as the development of compulsive acts and rituals that cause great dysfunction.The comorbidity of different psychiatric disorders with OCD is known, such as impulse control disorder and tic disorder.ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to describe the clinical characteristics, comorbidities and the treatment used in a patient with an OCD diagnosis and motor tics.MethodsDescription of a clinical case of motor tics associated with OCD in an adult patient.ResultsA 29-year-old man begins mental health follow-up for presenting, as a result of a choking episode, obsessive thoughts with significant emotional and behavioral repercussions, to the point of restricting his diet and losing several kilos of weight. He also manifested checks and rituals in order to avoid possible choking.Treatment with sertraline and clonazepam was started, without evidence of improvement in symptoms. Months later, bucolingual and guttural tics, difficult to control by the patient and which caused bite lesions in the mouth and tongue, were added to the described clinic. Oral aripiprazole was associated to the treatment and then prolonged- release intramuscular administration was used, achieving improvement in obsessive symptoms and motor tics.ConclusionsThe usefulness of adjuvant treatment with atypical antipsychotics has been demonstrated in adults with OCD who present an insufficient response to an SSRI. Injectable prolonged-release antipsychotics can help improve long-term prognosis by ensuring adherence.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Unhealthy fantasizing of a loved person who does not exist in reality
Authors: Nahar S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionObsessive-compulsive disorder is a disorder in which recurring, intrusive, unwanted thoughts, ideas or sensations cause them to feel driven to do something repetitively. The repetitive behaviors can significantly interfere with a person’s daily activities and social interactions. Not performing the behaviors commonly causes great distress.ObjectivesClinical trials are required for proper assessment and management of this group of patients.MethodsMrs. X, a 28 year old female coming for psychiatric consultation with the complaints of self talking, irritability and aggression, insomnia.She fantasizes a man publicly, whom she loves but he has no existence in reality. She tries to solve all kinds of problems by talking to that fantasy man. If anyone interrupts her, she becomes irritable, shouts and breaks things. But for the last 3 months she realized that its a problem. Because, she can’t eat, sleep and concentrate on her household chores for this fantasy. Even she can’t take care of her child and feeling low sexual affection for her husband. On personal history, she said that she had poor attachment with her parents.ResultsAfter thorough assessment, her consultant Psychiatrist told that she was sufering from unhealthy fantasy obsession or Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.ConclusionsIt is very important and urgent to assess and manage this group of patients, because this has a devastating impact on relationships, specially on the conjugal life. Psychoeducation about the ilness and Psychotherapy along with pharmacotherapy should be the mode of treatment.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Therapeutic potential of serotoninergic psychedelic substances in the treatment of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Rodrigues J. , Nombora O. , Ribeiro L. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionObsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a psychiatric disorder associated with suffering and disability. The serotoninergic system is implicated in the neurobiological processes of OCD and serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) are the first-line treatment. However, clinical improvement after starting SRIs can take long and patients may not fully recover. Meanwhile, recent data suggests that activation of 5-HT receptors may exert a therapeutic action in obsessional symptoms. Some psychedelics are strong 5-HT2 receptor agonists and there is a growing research interest as they can be a promising therapeutic approach to OCD.ObjectivesWe aim to provide an overview on the current evidence on the therapeutic potential of serotoninergic psychoactive substances in the treatment of OCD.MethodsNon-systematic review. Literature search in the PubMed database using the terms psychedelics and obsessive-compulsive disorder.ResultsAlthough research is currently limited to a few small studies, the ones conducted so far showed clinically meaningful acute reduction of OCD symptoms after treatment with serotoninergic psychoactive drugs, as well as possible longer-lasting benefits, particularly with psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Furthermore, substance-assisted psychotherapy with psychedelics has been showing promising results, being suitable for OCD treatment. It is important to add that, to date, studies have indicated relatively good tolerability to these drugs.ConclusionsThese promising early findings highlight the role of psychedelics in OCD treatment and the need for further research into efficacy, therapeutic mechanisms and safety, in order to determine whether these drugs may be worthy options for OCD treatment in the future.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Sexual difficulties in old age and Person-Centered Therapy: A qualitative study with older adults
Authors: Von Humboldt S. , Ribeiro-Gonçalves J.A. , Low G. , Leal I. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSexual well-being (SWB) of the older population can be significantly influenced by age (1) and sexual difficulties (2).ObjectivesThrough qualitative research, this study focused on sexual themes that affect the SWB addressed by the older people in person-centered therapy.MethodsTwenty-five older adults, aged between 65 and 82 years and residents on the community participated in this study.ResultsThe results revealed eight main themes for these participants: Absence of a partner, family interference, dissatisfaction with the body, cleanliness and body care, problems in sexual function, physical violence, problems in sexual communication and fear of contracting sexually transmitted diseases. The most discussed themes were the absence of a partner, problems with sexual function and dissatisfaction with the body.ConclusionsThis study highlights the importance of exploring the sexual difficulties that the older population feels in relation to their SWB. 1.von Humboldt S et al. Sexual expression in old age: How older adults from different cultures express sexually? Sex Res Social Policy. 2020;1-15. 2.von Humboldt S et al. Are older adults satisfied with their sexuality? Outcomes from a cross-cultural study. Educ Gerontol. 2020;46:284-293.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
BDNF and cognitive function in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Sidenkova A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative pathology that develops mainly in elderly and senile people. Disruption of BDNF transport or suppression of its production appears to be typical for people of old age. Objective: To investigate the influence of Alzheimer’s disease on the secretion of brain factors and correlate with neuropsychological profiles.Objectives12 men (2) and women (10) with Alzheimer’s disease were examined. The average age of the subjects was 76.25 + 4.89. Methods: MMSE, ADAS-COG, laboratory - BDNF was performed using the G7611 BDNF Emax (R) ImmunoAssaySystem 5 x 96 wells, BDNF Emax® Immunological test.Methods2 patients have mild dementia, 8 patients have moderate dementia, 2 patients have severe dementia. The average age of patients with mild dementia was 72.0 + 1.0. The average MMSE score is 16.7 + 3.4.ResultsCorrelation analysis showed a close relationship between a pronounced decrease in memory in memory tests (ADAS-COG) and a pronounced decrease in blood BDNF content (r = 0.676). A close statistically significant relationship was found between a low result of the recognition test and a low blood BDNF content (r = 0.598).ConclusionsWe assume that blood BDNF is a marker of pathologically accelerated aging of the central nervous system, since low test results for mnestic function are an indicator of severe degeneration in Alzheimer’s disease.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The good compliance is an opportunity to avoid pathological brain aging
Authors: Sidenkova A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPreservation of health, increase in life expectancy determine the need to improve the effectiveness of medical recommendations, which, despite the success of pharmacology, are insufficient for reasons related to the low level of compliance with these recommendations by patients.ObjectivesParticipants of the study-148 employees of medical institutions: 12 men, 136 women, their age ranged from 27 to 74 years.MethodsDespite the absence of signs of decompensation of concomitant pathology, representatives of the subgroups took a different amount of concomitant therapy. Using the scale of assessment of drug compliance, it was found that compliance is most reduced in the subgroup of 41-50 years. In this subgroup, a comprehensive decrease in compliance across the “behavioral”, “emotional”, and “cognitive” domains was detected in 87.8% of cases, while in the younger subgroup partial non-compliance was 32.4%, in the older subgroup - 74.5%ResultsAn analysis of the states of cognitive functions in 52 representatives of the middle age subgroup with low compliance rates showed that, unlike other representatives of the same subgroup, their indices for a number of neuropsychological tests are close to the results of more adult participants in the study.Individuals demonstrating low compliance with quite favorable CNS resources are at risk for the formation of pathological aging.ConclusionsCompliance is considered as Compliance is considered as a control mechanism for preventing normal aging into pathological by regulating risk factors that are dangerous for the brain and associated with the formation of dementiaDisclosureNo significant relationships.
What we know about Auditory Charles Bonnet Syndrome?
Authors: Moreno Menguiano C. , Garcia Sánchez F. , Vazquez Vazquez J.J. , Gutiérrez Rodríguez M.M. , Corral Y Alonso M.D.L.A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionCharles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) is defined like visual hallucinations found in individuals who are not necessarily mentally ill, who have visual impairment and no cognitive deficits. Although CBS make reference to visual hallucinations, in this case we are going to deal about Auditory Charles Bonnet Syndrome (aCBS), a very infrequent condition that consists in the presentation of musical hallucinations in patients with sensorineural hearing loss and which etiology is not clearly due to a psychiatric condition.ObjectivesReview the scientific literature available on aCBS to see how much we know about this syndrome.MethodsReview of available literature sources were obtained through electronic search in PubMed database.ResultsMusical hallucination is a complex form of auditory hallucinations. The most common of these are idiopathic and they present in elderly patients with deafness or impaired audition, which suggests a deterioration of cerebral function. The pathophysiologic mechanism is not understood. These patients tend to have intact reality tests. The time course is variable. In those cases in which it is possible, treating the hearing loss can lead to a significant improvement of the symptom. However, when every this strategies are insufficient, pharmacological treatments can be considered.Conclusions- aCBS is an uncommon condition characterized by the presence of complex auditory hallucinations that mainly affect elderly patients with hearing loss. - In most cases there is no previous psychiatric history. - The etiology and pathophysioplogic are not well defined. - There is no etiological treatment. We can use pharmacological and no pharmacological methods of treatment.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Women with Lived Experience in the Perinatal Period: What do they want from Their Doctors?
Authors: Dolman C. , Howard L. , Jones I. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionBest practice requires the treating physician to understand the needs and hopes of his/her patient, particularly in relation to pregnancy and childbirth preferences. This is even more necessary for women with Severe Mental Illness (SMI) because of the complicated decisions they face balancing the need to continue medication in pregnancy to prevent relapse against any possible harm to the foetus. Objectives: To explore what women themselves view as most important when discussing pregnancy and childbirth with psychiatrists and what barriers there are to a) having a meaningful conversation and b) achieving optimum outcomes. Qualitative methods were used to analyse the data from in-depth interviews with 21 women, recruited from a South London NHS organisation (76%) and the UK’s national bipolar charity (24%). The views of 25 health professionals, including 19 psychiatrists, were also collected and analysed. Results: Many themes emerged but principally women wanted: information, continuity of care, better training for health professionals, to co-produce a detailed care plan, access to a Mother and Baby Unit, peer support and more research on medications in pregnancy. Conclusions: This study highlighted the importance of understanding women’s needs and fears and giving them the necessary information to make the difficult decisions that face them. Such understanding is likely to lead to more positive therapeutic relationships and better long-term outcomes.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
BREAST CANCER: the educational level of patients correlated with the level of procrastination
Authors: Tabugan C.D. , Bredicean A.-C. , Giurgi-Oncu C. , Cristina O. , Zsolt P. , Hogea L. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionEven if breast cancer is a severe pathology that can cause the death of a person, nowadays there are effective screening methods that could help us to discover in due time the tumor formation and thus be able to benefit from conservative breast surgery.ObjectivesEvaluating the feasible relationship between the noted levels of procrastination and the educational level of subjectsMethodsThe analyzed group comprises a number of 152 female subjects (n=152). They were divided in three subgroups: subgroup I(26) composed of women with lower education, subgroup II(66), women with medium education level and subgroup III(60), women with higher education. A socio-demographic questionnaire and the Tuckman Procrastination Scale have been applied.ResultsComparing the three subgroups, the levels of procrastination were similar. Low levels of procrastination were most common in all three subgroups: in the subgroup I 57,69%, in the subgroup II 56,06% and in the subgroup III 53,33%. Average procrastination levels were observed in 34,61% of women in subgroup I, 42,42% of women in subgroup II and 45% of women in subgroup III. Concerning high levels of procrastination we can affirm that they involve a small number of subjects. Measuring the degree of connection between the two variables, we obtained as a result r=0.13, which means a very weak, non-existent correlation.ConclusionsThe study revealed that there is no relationship between the level of education and the levels of procrastination that include postponing the presentation to the doctor.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
A Qualitative Research to Examine Experiences of Turkish Women with Breast Cancer
Authors: Yastibaş C. , Dirik G. , Yilmaz-Karaman İ.G. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionBreast cancer is a serious public health problem and one out of every 4 women diagnosed with cancer is breast cancer. Although the survival rate has increased due to advances in diagnosis and treatment, getting a cancer diagnosis is a highly stressful life event and seriously affects the lives of patients.ObjectivesTherefore, the aim of this qualitative study is to explore the experiences of women with breast cancer.MethodsData were gathered using semi-structured forms, in-depth interviews with 7 patients aged between 29 and 64 who had been diagnosed with breast cancer in 2017 and after. All interviews were tape-recorded and the themes have resulted in analyzing the content of the recorded data.ResultsIt has been determined that women have difficulties in getting information from healthcare professionals, emotional supports from their partners and family members, dealing with losses in roles and femininity, and coping with intrusive thoughts. However, it has been highlighted that women have experienced some positive changes in certain areas such as deeper interpersonal relationships with others, appreciating health and life.ConclusionsAs a result of the study, it has been thought that it is important to reduce the distress level of women with breast cancer related to their needs and difficulties and to encourage their positive changes. Besides, working in cooperation with healthcare professionals responsible for their treatment will be beneficial to reduce the distress level of the women.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
“Let’s face it… it’s futile”: Experiences of futility among nurses who provide care to patients with borderline personality disorder
Authors: Papathanasiou C. , Stylianidis S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionResearch studies suggest that mental health nurses hold negative attitudes towards patients diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD).ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to explore mental health nurses’ experiences and attitudes towards BPD patients in Greece, using a qualitative approach.MethodsData were collected through two audio-recorded focus group discussions. The participants were twelve nurses who work in two General Hospital Psychiatric Units –one in Athens and one regional– and have direct clinical experience with BPD patients. The audio recordings were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis in the context of grounded theory.ResultsOne overarching theme and three main themes were identified. The overarching theme that emerged was: “Futility”, which refers to feelings that the provision of nursing care to BPD patients is devoid of purpose and meaning. The main themes were: “Uncertainty”, which refers to the absence of valid causal explanations for mental disorders and on the perplexity of the BPD psychopathology; “Frustration”, which refers to challenges and barriers to providing care to BPD patients; “Unsupportiveness”, which refers to a complex mental health system, where there is a lack of guidance and goal orientation. Of significance are the nurses’ feelings of frustration and futility creating a sense of being burdened and leading to negative attitudes and behaviours towards BPD patients.ConclusionsUnderstanding treatment goals from the recovery model perspective and developing guidelines to help nurses revisit the concept of medical futility, may improve care to BPD patients.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Borderline personality disorder and decision-making capacity
Authors: Garcia Lazaro F. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionBorderline personality disorder is characterized by a pattern in which instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image and affections prevails, and intense impulsivity present in the early stages of adulthood and with altered functionality in several contexts.ObjectivesEstablish what functions may be altered in crisis situations in borderline personality disorder.Point out what legal tools we have available in situations in which the will is altered in borderline personality disorder.Reflect on borderline personality disorder and its relationship with substance use.MethodsRegarding a clinical case with a 25-year-old patient with a diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder and a history of use in a pattern of dependence (opioids, cannabis, cocaine) who is admitted to a hospital for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures secondary to pathology to which it is denied, determining the absence of the capacity to give consent. A systematic review of the existing bibliography on borderline personality disorder, substance use disorder and decision-making capacity has been carried out using as key words: borderline personality disorder decision-making capacity.ResultsThe presence of anxious symptoms, affective instability, feelings of emptiness and hopelessness as well as impulsivity can give rise to scenarios in which the decision-making capacity is impaired, being necessary to resort to legal means that allow us to prioritize the well-being of the patient.ConclusionsThe decision-making capacity can be altered in crisis situations in borderline personality disorder, having legal tools at hand that allow us to carry out actions to preserve the physical state of patients.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Traumatic brain injury, antisocial personality disorder and alcohol
Authors: De Andrés Lobo C. , Jiménez Aparicio T. , Vallecillo Adame C. , Queipo De Llano De La Viuda M. , Gonzaga Ramírez A. , Guerra Valera G. , Santos Carrasco I. , Gonçalves Cerejeira J. , Fernández Lozano M. , Rodríguez Rodríguez B. , Navarro Barriga N. , Mateos Sexmero M.J. , De Uribe Viloria N. , Medina Ojeda G. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionTraumatic brain injury (TBI) can cause changes in the personality and behaviors. History of TBI has been associated with violent behavior and substance abuse.ObjectivesPresentation of a clinical case of a patient with antisocial personality traits who suffered a TBI and abuses alcohol.MethodsWe conducted a bibliographic review by searching for articles published the last 5 years in PubmedResultsWe present the case of a 48-year-old male patient with a history of myoclonic epilepsy, who suffered a TBI in a car crash. During his stay at ICU antisocial and borderline personality traits were found. When he came to consultations, he presented signs of alcohol intoxication (verbiage with hasty and dysarthric speech, and psychomotor incoordination). He acknowledges daily alcohol intake, although he minimizes it. During the interview he is irritable, prone to anger when contradicted and boasts of episodes of heteroaggressiveness and violence that he has carried out in the past. He reports morning sickness and tremors, but does not accept that they may be due to alcohol withdrawal. There is no motivation for change.ConclusionsIt has been determined that history of TBI is more frequent in individuals with antisocial personality. TBI has been linked to violent behaviors, poor inhibitory control, engaging in illegal acts and higher rates of substance abuse. However, the causal relationship between antisocial behavior and TBI has yet to be clarified, as the available evidence does not show which comes first. More research is needed in the future that takes into account the temporal sequence of events.DisclosureNo significant relationships.