bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human ARHGEF9 intellectual disability syndrome is phenocopied by a mutation that disrupts collybistin binding to the GABAA receptor α2 subunit
Authors: Hines Dustin J. , Contreras April , Garcia Betsua , Barker Jeffrey S. , Boren Austin J. , Moufawad El Achkar Christelle , Moss Stephen J. , Hines Rochelle M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntellectual disability (ID) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that can arise from genetic mutations ranging from trisomy to single nucleotide polymorphism. Mutations in a growing number of single genes have been identified as causative in ID, including ARHGEF9. Evaluation of 41 ARHGEF9 patient reports shows ubiquitous inclusion of ID, along with other frequently reported symptoms of epilepsy, abnormal baseline EEG activity, behavioral symptoms, and sleep disturbances. ARHGEF9 codes for the Cdc42 Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor 9 collybistin (Cb), a known regulator of inhibitory synapse function via direct interaction with the adhesion molecule neuroligin-2 and the α2 subunit of GABAA receptors. We mutate the Cb binding motif within the large intracellular loop of α2 replacing it with the binding motif for gephyrin from the α1 subunit (Gabra2-1). The Gabra2-1 mutation causes a strong downregulation of Cb expression, particularly at cholecystokinin basket cell inhibitory synapses. Gabra2-1 mice have deficits in working and recognition memory, as well as hyperactivity, anxiety, and reduced social preference, recapitulating the frequently reported features of ARHGEF9 patients. Gabra2-1 mice also have spontaneous seizures during postnatal development which can lead to mortality, and baseline abnormalities in low-frequency wavelengths of the EEG. EEG abnormalities are vigilance state-specific and manifest as sleep disturbance including increased time in wake and a loss of free-running rhythmicity in the absence of light as zeitgeber. Gabra2-1 mice phenocopy multiple features of human ARHGEF9 mutation, and reveal α2 subunit-containing GABAA receptors as a druggable target for treatment of this complex ID syndrome.
Social determinants of health: does socioeconomic status affect access to staging imaging for men with prostate cancer
Authors: Kelly Brian D. , Perera Marlon , Bolton Damien M. , Papa Nathan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSocioeconomic status (SES), race and geographical factors are known to impact prostate cancer management and outcomes. We aimed to assess these factors with regard to access to novel imaging in prostate cancer. Using the Prostate Cancer Outcomes Registry of Victoria (PCOR-Vic) we identified 5256 men diagnosed with prostate cancer via biopsy. Following the introduction of government rebate, the access to MRI improved with respect to SES. Access to PET imaging remains poor with respect to SES and geographical location in the absence of Federal funding. Further improvements for men with low SES and regional areas to access PET staging.
Switchable ultra-broadband terahertz wave absorption with VO2-based metasurface
Authors: Mou Nanli , Tang Bing , Li Jingzhou , Dong Hongxing , Zhang Long 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMetamaterial absorbers (MMAs) offer a novel and flexible method to realize perfect absorption in specific frequencies, especially in the THz range. Despite the exotic abilities to manipulate light, most previously reported MMAs still suffer from limited bandwidth and tunability. Here we present a thermally switchable terahertz (THz) metasurface that exhibits ultra-broadband absorption and high-transmission characteristics at different ambient temperatures. Our simulations demonstrate that at room temperature the structure is highly transparent. When the ambient temperature reaches 358 K, the proposed design exhibits an ultra-broadband absorption from 0.398 to 1.356 THz with the absorptivity maintaining above 90% and the relative absorption bandwidth reaches up to 109.2%. The structure is demonstrated to be insensitive to the incident angle. Moreover, the bandwidth of such a structure can easily be expanded or reduced by cascading or removing the rings, providing high scalability in practical applications. Such a thermally switchable THz metasurface may have potential applications in various fields, such as optical switching, THz imaging, modulating and filtering.
Real-time large-area imaging of the corneal subbasal nerve plexus
Authors: Allgeier Stephan , Bartschat Andreas , Bohn Sebastian , Guthoff Rudolf F. , Hagenmeyer Veit , Kornelius Lukas , Mikut Ralf , Reichert Klaus-Martin , Sperlich Karsten , Stache Nadine , Stachs Oliver , Köhler Bernd 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe morphometric assessment of the corneal subbasal nerve plexus (SNP) by confocal microscopy holds great potential as a sensitive biomarker for various ocular and systemic conditions and diseases. Automated wide-field montages (or large-area mosaic images) of the SNP provide an opportunity to overcome the limited field of view of the available imaging systems without the need for manual, subjective image selection for morphometric characterization. However, current wide-field montaging solutions usually calculate the mosaic image after the examination session, without a reliable means for the clinician to predict or estimate the resulting mosaic image quality during the examination. This contribution describes a novel approach for a real-time creation and visualization of a mosaic image of the SNP that facilitates an informed evaluation of the quality of the acquired image data immediately at the time of recording. In cases of insufficient data quality, the examination can be aborted and repeated immediately, while the patient is still at the microscope. Online mosaicking also offers the chance to identify an overlap of the imaged tissue region with previous SNP mosaic images, which can be particularly advantageous for follow-up examinations.
Neural network approaches for solving Schrödinger equation in arbitrary quantum wells
Authors: Radu A. , Duque C. A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this work we approach the Schrödinger equation in quantum wells with arbitrary potentials, using the machine learning technique. Two neural networks with different architectures are proposed and trained using a set of potentials, energies, and wave functions previously generated with the classical finite element method. Three accuracy indicators have been proposed for testing the estimates given by the neural networks. The networks are trained by the gradient descent method and the training validation is done with respect to a large training data set. The two networks are then tested for two different potential data sets and the results are compared. Several cases with analytical potential have also been solved.
A unique pre-endothelial layer at the posterior peripheral cornea: ultrastructural study
Authors: Akhtar Saeed , Samivel Ramachandran , Smedowski Adrian , Alkanaan Aljoharah , Masmali Ali , Kirat Omar , Khan Adnan Ali , Almubrad Turki 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study was conducted to investigate the ultrastructure of a unique structures at the anterior side of the endothelium of the posterior peripheral cornea and compare their inner fibers to those of the limbus and sclera. The unique structures at the anterior side of endothelium was referred as a pre-endothelial (PENL) structures in the present manuscript. Ten anonymous-donor human corneoscleral rims (leftover after corneal transplants) were processed for electron microscopy. Semi-thin sections were examined using an Olympus BX53 microscope, and ultrathin sections were studied using a JOEL 1400 transmission electron microscope. A unique PENL structures was identified at the posterior peripheral cornea at a radial distance of approximately 70–638 µm, from the endpoint of Descemet’s membrane. The PENL thinned out gradually and disappeared in the center. The contained an electron-dense sheath with periodic structures (narrow-spacing fibers), wide-spacing fibers, and numerous microfibrils. Typical elastic fibers were present in the sclera and limbus but were not observed in the PENL. This study revealed the existence of a new acellular PENL, containing unique fibrillar structures that were unseen in the corneal stroma. From the evidence describe in this paper we therefore suggest that PENL is a distinct morphological structure present at the corneal periphery.
Adult mosquito predation and potential impact on the sterile insect technique
Authors: Bimbilé Somda Nanwintoum Séverin , Maïga Hamidou , Mamai Wadaka , Bakhoum Thierno , Wallner Thomas , Poda Serge Bèwadéyir , Yamada Hanano , Bouyer Jérémy 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe sterile insect technique is a promising environmentally friendly method for mosquito control. This technique involves releasing laboratory-produced sterile males into a target field site, and its effectiveness may be affected by the extent of adult mosquito predation. Sterile males undergo several treatments. Therefore, it is vital to understand which treatments are essential in minimizing risks to predation once released. The present study investigates the predation propensity of four mantis species (Phyllocrania paradoxa, Hymenopus coronatus, Blepharopsis mendica, Deroplatys desiccata) and two gecko species (Phelsuma standingi, P. laticauda) on adult Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus and Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes in a laboratory setting. First, any inherent predation preferences regarding mosquito species and sex were evaluated. Subsequently, the effects of chilling, marking, and irradiation, on predation rates were assessed. The selected predators effectively preyed on all mosquito species regardless of the treatment. Predation propensity varied over days for the same individuals and between predator individuals. Overall, there was no impact of laboratory treatments of sterile males on the relative risk of predation by the test predators, unless purposely exposed to double the required sterilizing irradiation dose. Further investigations on standardized predation trials may lead to additional quality control tools for irradiated mosquitoes.
Sleep macro- and microstructure in breast cancer survivors
Authors: Perrier J. , Duivon M. , Clochon P. , Rehel S. , Doidy F. , Grellard J. M. , Segura-Djezzar C. , Geffrelot J. , Emile G. , Allouache D. , Levy C. , Polvent S. , Viader F. , Eustache F. , Joly F. , Giffard B. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractComplaints of sleep disturbance are prevalent among breast cancer (BC) patients and are predictors of quality of life. Still, electrophysiological measures of sleep are missing in patients, which prevents from understanding the pathophysiological consequences of cancer and its past treatments. Using polysomnography, sleep can be investigated in terms of macro- (e.g. awakenings, sleep stages) and micro- (i.e. cortical activity) structure. We aimed to characterize sleep complaints, and macro- and microstructure in 33 BC survivors untreated by chemotherapy and that had finished radiotherapy since at least 6 months (i.e. out of the acute effects of radiotherapy) compared to 21 healthy controls (HC). Compared to HC, BC patients had a larger number of awakenings (p = 0.008); and lower Delta power (p < 0.001), related to sleep deepening and homeostasis; greater both Alpha (p = 0.002) and Beta power (p < 0.001), related to arousal during deep sleep; and lower Theta power (p = 0.004), related to emotion regulation during dream sleep. Here we show that patients have increased cortical activity related to arousal and lower activity related to sleep homeostasis compared to controls. These results give additional insights in sleep pathophysiology of BC survivors and suggest sleep homeostasis disruption in non-advanced stages of BC.
Etablierung eines standardisierten Untersuchungsverfahrens zur sonographischen Darstellung und Beurteilung des skapholunären Bandes
Authors: Handschak Tino , Hofmann Gunther , Braunschweig Rainer , Tamouridis Georgios , Siemers Frank 
Published: February 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Der Ultraschall ist in der Diagnostik der skapholunären Bandläsion (SL-Band) noch nicht etabliert. Ziel war es, ein standardisiertes Untersuchungsverfahren zur Darstellung und Kriterien zur Beurteilung des SL-Bandes zu entwickeln.
Patienten und Methoden: Es wurden prospektiv 40 Patienten (70 Hände) sonographisch untersucht und mit Arthroskopie oder Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) verglichen. Betrachtet wurden die Darstellbarkeit desSL-Bandes, der SL-Abstand im Seitenvergleich sowie ein Methodenvergleich von MRT und Arthroskopie zur Sonographie durchgeführt. Geprüft wurde auf Unterschiede und Übereinstimmung. Es wurden Cut-off-Werte für den SL-Abstand für eine Läsion bestimmt und alle Parameter zur Erstellung eines Scores verwendet.
Ergebnisse: Ein intaktes Band erscheint als hyperechogene, fibrilläre Struktur und zeigt bei Verletzung Banddiskontinuitäten oder einen hypoechogenen Raum. Ein intaktes Band war dorsal in 89,6 % und palmar in 83,3 % darstellbar. Der Abstand für ein intaktes Band betrug dorsal/Mitte/palmar 5/2/5,1 mm (Bereich 3,2–6,7/0,9–4/3,1–7,8 mm), bei Läsion 6,4/3/6,3 mm (5–9,4/2–6,2/4–9,3 mm). Linke und rechte Hand unterschieden sich bei intaktem Band maximal um 2,1/1,1/1,8 mm, im Mittel um 0,4/0,2/0,2 mm und bei Verletzung um 1,2/0,9/1,1 mm. Radial- und Ulnarduktion zeigten physiologische, z. T. jedoch unvorhersehbare Abstandswerte. Als Cut-off-Werte für eine Läsion wurden dorsal (Sensitivität/Spezifität) 5,05 mm (0,95/0,60), Mitte 1,95 mm (1/0,62) und palmar 6,15 mm (0,55/0,85) ermittelt. Der erstellte sonographische SL-Band-Score besitzt eine hohe AUC (Area under the curve) von 0,93, eine Sensitivität von 85 % und eine Spezifität von 90 %.
Schlussfolgerung: Die Parameter erlauben, v. a. kombiniert als Score, eine Aussage zur Intaktheit des SL-Bandes. Die Sonographie kann somit als Diagnostikum und Screeningmethode für eine SL-Bandläsion empfohlen werden und sollte als Routineinstrument etabliert werden. Perspektivisch muss durch große Fallzahlen eine Überprüfung und Anpassung der Kriterien erfolgen.
Discontinuation of Postoperative Prophylactic Antibiotics for Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery
Authors: Dastagirzada Yosef , Benjamin Carolina , Bevilacqua Julia , Gurewitz Jason , Sen Chandra , Golfinos John G. , Placantonakis Dimitris , Jafar Jafar J. , Lieberman Seth , Lebowitz Rich , Lewis Ariane , Pacione Donato 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Postoperative prophylactic antibiotic usage for endoscopic skull base surgery varies based on the institution as evidence-based guidelines are lacking. The purpose of this study is to determine whether discontinuing postoperative prophylactic antibiotics in endoscopic endonasal cases led to a difference in central nervous system (CNS) infections, multi-drug resistant organism (MDRO) infections, or other postoperative infections.
Methods This quality improvement study compared outcomes between a retrospective cohort (from September 2013 to March 2019) and a prospective cohort (April 2019 to June 2019) after adopting a protocol to discontinue prophylactic postoperative antibiotics in patients who underwent endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEAs). Our primary end points of the study included the presence of postoperative CNS infection, Clostridium difficile (C. diff), and MDRO infections.
Results A total of 388 patients were analyzed, 313 in the pre-protocol group and 75 in the post-protocol group. There were similar rates of intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak (56.9 vs. 61.3%, p = 0.946). There was a statistically significant decrease in the proportion of patients receiving IV antibiotics during their postoperative course (p = 0.001) and those discharged on antibiotics (p = 0.001). There was no significant increase in the rate of CNS infections in the post-protocol group despite the discontinuation of postoperative antibiotics (3.5 vs. 2.7%, p = 0.714). There was no statistically significant difference in postoperative C. diff (0 vs. 0%, p = 0.488) or development of MDRO infections (0.3 vs 0%, p = 0.624).
Conclusion Discontinuation of postoperative antibiotics after EEA at our institution did not change the frequency of CNS infections. It appears that discontinuation of antibiotics after EEA is safe.
A Photochemical Microfluidic Reactor for Photosensitized [2+2] Cycloadditions
Authors: Laraia Luca , Bargum Martin , Krell-Jørgensen Mikkel , Nielsen Martin , Qvortrup Katrine 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHere we report a microfluidic system for photochemical cycloadditions fabricated using silicon micro processing technologies. The system was optimized to yield residence times of just a few minutes for a range of photochemical [2+2]-cycloaddition reactions facilitated using high power UV-LEDs at 375 nm and triplet photosensitizers, which removed the need for the low wavelengths typically required for these types of transformations. Adducts using different excitable olefins with different linear, carbocyclic, and heterocyclic coupling partners were explored to demonstrate the feasibility of performing photochemistry in microflow in an academic research environment. Finally, a reaction leading to a novel dihydrooxepin-2(3H)-one scaffold and a mechanistic proposal for its formation are reported.
Crowd evacuation of pairs of pedestrians
Authors: Yano Ryosuke 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The crowd evacuation of pairs of pedestrians (i.e. pairs consisting of a parent and a child) is numerically investigated. Here, it is assumed that all pedestrians have their own partners, and move randomly inside the bounded domain of the right-hand room as an initial state. All pedestrians start their evacuations after they contact their partners. The evacuations are completed by the transfer of all the pairs from the right-hand room to the left-hand room through an exit. A frozen swarm tends to appear in the right-hand room as the total number of pedestrians increases. The frozen swarm moves without changing its form, unless it is dissolved by a strong collision with a pair of pedestrians that comes back from the left-hand room by accident. Finally, the evacuation speed also depends on the area of the Escape Zone, whereas an obstacle placed in front of an exit also changes the speed of the evacuation in accordance with the type of motion of the children.
3-D Localization of machines and tools based on deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Zhu Ruikai , Lu Ziqiang , Sun Kai , Yao Liangan , Yang Aisheng , Jiao Xianhong , Shen Zhou 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In view of the importance of obtaining the position information of machines and tools in the collection and safety control of incoming and outgoing information of power equipment, a wireless three-dimensional positioning method based on deep reinforcement learning DRL is proposed. Modeling is based on the signal non-line-of-sight(NLOS) propagation model, which will be based on measurement. The process of target location features such as angle (AOD), angle of arrival (AOA) and time of arrival (TOA) is modeled as Markov decision process, and the target location features are taken as input and processed in DRL framework. Finally, the repeated training deep Q-network(DQN) algorithm is used for predictive positioning. The simulation results show that the advantages of using DRL in wireless positioning are verified.
A novel power transformer on-line setting impedance protection
Authors: Wang Shuyang , Liu Jiaqi , Wang Xingguo , Li Bin , Guo Yarong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
As the backup protection of adjacent lines, transformer impedance protection needs to be strictly coordinated with line distance protection in impedance setting and time setting. The traditional transformer impedance protection has the problems of heavy workload and difficult coordination in setting and coordination. An on-line self-setting transformer impedance protection scheme was proposed, which impedance setting values and time setting values were no longer required, and can automatically cooperate with the line protection of the same scheme with the subordinate line. The algorithm proposed in this paper was incorporated into the actual protection device, and a closed-loop simulation environment was built together with RTDS. The applicability and reliability of the proposed scheme are verified by the closed-loop simulation experiment of the protection device.
Research on Electromagnetic Force of Transformer in Different Short-circuit Modes
Authors: Luo Xiaoxiao , Wang Qian , Xiao Qianbo , Sheng Zhiping , Yan Yangtian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
When a short-circuit fault occurs on a power transformer, the windings of the transformer under the combined action of the short-circuit current and the leakage magnetic field, which is easy to deform the winding or damage the insulation of the transformer. Therefore, it is necessary to research on the force of the transformer under short-circuit situation, analyze and calculate the size and distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic force in different short-circuit modes. Based on the structural parameters of a transformer with a rated capacity of 200kVA, a three-dimensional model of a three-phase transformer is established by finite element simulation software. The axial and radial electromagnetic forces of windings in different short-circuit modes are analyzed by this model, comparing and analyzing the experimental results. In the simulation model, It can be known that the electromagnetic force of voltage zero-crossing closing phase when three-phase short-circuit occurs on low-voltage winding is basically the same as that of short-circuit phase electromagnetic force when single-phase short-circuit occurs. The analysis results have a certain reference value for improving transformer short-circuit withstand ability.
Design of the Wind Turbine Gearbox Fault Diagnosis System Based on LabVIEW
Authors: Li Wenhui , Lian Xun , Yang Jiajun , Du Wenjun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In the research history of the wind turbine gearbox fault diagnosis, artificial neural network plays an important role. However, due to the shortcomings of single neural network, the accuracy of fault diagnosis is not high. The fault diagnosis system of wind turbine gearbox based on LabVIEW was designed to monitor the speed, the power, the oil temperature of the bearing, the pressure, the vibration signal etc. Mathematical morphology was used to preprocess the collected data, such as filtering, and then four different neural networks used for primary diagnosis. The diagnosis results of each network were smoothed by mathematical morphology operation for the final diagnosis result. The experimental results show that the system has an excellent human-computer interaction interface to analyze and diagnose its operational status. The application of mathematical morphology combined with the multi-neural network in the fault diagnosis of wind turbine gearbox is conducive to reducing the uncertainty. It can correctly diagnose the fault type and improve the accuracy in the case of fault characteristics which are similar.
Ultra-wideband indoor dynamic target positioning system
Authors: Wan Weixiong , Li Xiaodong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In order to realize the precise positioning of personnel and goods, indoor ultra-wideband dynamic target positioning system needs to be researched. Based on UWB positioning technology, an indoor dynamic target positioning system is developed. Combined with Exynos4412 platform, the extended Kalman particle filter algorithm is used to complete the experimental verification of indoor personnel positioning, and the positioning accuracy of indoor target personnel reaches decimeter level. It provides assistance for indoor personnel tracking and cargo real-time control, and provides a good interface of human-computer interaction to realize the real-time positioning of indoor dynamic targets.