bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved emotion regulation following a trauma-informed CBT-based intervention associates with reduced risk for recidivism in justice-involved emerging adults
Authors: Dumornay Nathalie M. , Finegold Katherine E. , Chablani Anisha , Elkins Lili , Krouch Sotun , Baldwin Molly , Youn Soo Jeong , Marques Luana , Ressler Kerry J. , Moreland-Capuia Alisha 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveMale youth who have been involved in the juvenile legal system have disproportionate rates of trauma and violence exposure. Many justice-involved youth have untreated mental illness, with an estimated 66% of young men who are incarcerated meeting criteria for at least one mental health disorder, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and substance abuse. While Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) approaches are considered among effective evidence-based treatments for addressing and treating behavioral and emotional difficulties, male youth with a history of incarceration and youth who are at risk for (re)incarceration, violence, emotion dysregulation, and trauma face significant barriers in accessing these services.MethodsRoca, Inc. (Roca), an internationally recognized organization moving the needle on urban violence by working relentlessly with young people at the center of violence in Massachusetts and Maryland, employs a trauma-informed CBT-based skills curriculum and approach in their intervention model, to improve youths' educational, employment, parenting, and life skills opportunities, while decreasing risk for recidivism, addressing trauma and increasing skills for emotion regulation. The aim of this analysis was to assess the effectiveness of Roca's trauma-informed CBT skills curriculum on youths' emotional and behavioral outcomes. We analyzed data from over 300 participating emerging adult men from four sites in Massachusetts and one site in Baltimore, Maryland who had at least three series of data collection across multiple skills-based sessions.ResultsWe found improvements in outcomes in overall mean scores related to decreased distress about employment and education, as are expected with standard intervention approaches for justice-involved youth. Participants who show improvement in emotion regulation across engagement (approximately half the cohort), were found to have significant improvements in distress related to relationship and family functioning and self-care, and decreased substance use, along with other outcomes compared to those participants with less improvement in emotion regulation. Furthermore, improvement in different aspects of emotion regulation were associated with improved relationships, life distress, substance use, and improved prosocial thinking.ConclusionsTogether, these data suggest that adding mental health support and skills training, such as with trauma-informed CBT models, to programs for justice-involved youth may lead to significant improvements in functioning, quality of life, and mental health outcomes.
Living alone decreased calcaneus ultrasound T-score in a large Taiwanese population follow-up study
Authors: Lin Ting-Yi , Chen Szu-Chia , Geng Jiun-Hung , Tsai Hui-Ju 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundOsteoporosis is associated with many serious health conditions that have a severely negative impact on quality of life, as well as higher rates of morbidity and mortality. Due to the aging society and low birth rate in Taiwan, an increasing number of people are living alone. This longitudinal study was aimed to assess the relationship between living alone and calcaneus ultrasound T-score in a large cohort in Taiwan.MethodsA total of 118,853 participants enrolled in the Taiwan Biobank since 2008 to 2016, who had complete calcaneus ultrasound examinations were collected in the baseline study. Of these participants, 26,850 received complete follow-up measurements after a median of 4 years. The T-score (g/cm2) of the calcaneus in the non-dominant foot was measured using ultrasound. Changes in the calcaneus ultrasound T-score (ΔT-score) were calculated as follow-up T-score minus baseline T-score. We analyzed these data in 2022. We used multivariable linear regression analysis to investigate correlation between living alone with baseline T-score and ΔT-score. We also carried out separate analyses for men and women.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 49.89 ± 10.95 years, and multivariable analysis showed that living alone was significantly correlated to low baseline T-score in whole cohort (β = −0.040; p = 0.012) and women (β = −0.055; p = 0.023). Furthermore, living alone (coefficient β = −0.049; p = 0.048) was significantly correlated to a low ΔT-score after 4 years of follow-up.ConclusionIn this large population-based longitudinal study, living alone may be related to low baseline calcaneus ultrasound T-score and ΔT-score. Adopting long-term community-based care policies to increase the activity of people living alone may help to prevent osteoporosis and decrease the risk of fractures in Taiwan.
A cross-sectional study to assess the level of satisfaction with virtual education in Peruvian medical students
Authors: Grados-Espinoza Pamela , Zila-Velasque J. Pierre , Soriano-Moreno David R. , Regalado-Rodríguez Kateriny Margot , Sosa-Nuñez Frank , Barzola-Farfán William , Gronerth Jim , Guizado Lucia , Mejia Christian R. 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesEducation has totally changed in the context of the pandemic. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the factors associated with the level of satisfaction with virtual education in Peruvian medical students during COVID-19.MethodsAnalytical and cross-sectional study, based on an online survey of students nationwide. We use previously validated instruments to measure the level of satisfaction and stress (EPP-10-c) of students with virtual education. For the associated factors, adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated using Poisson regression.ResultsOf the 1,878 students surveyed, the median age was 21 years, 57.8% (1,086) were women, 34.8% (654) had a high level of satisfaction with virtual education and 10.7% (202) presented high levels of stress. The factors associated with a low level of satisfaction were attending the fifth year of study, the partial and non-virtual adaptation of the university to virtual education, and a high level of stress. On the other hand, the factors associated with a high level of satisfaction were the education platform used and the study method used.ConclusionSeven out of 10 students presented a low level of satisfaction with virtual education, 1 out of 10 presented a high level of stress. The factors associated with the low level of satisfaction were attending the fifth year of study, the non-virtual and partial adaptation of the university to virtual education, and the high level of stress.
Walking and taking vitamin C alleviates oxidative stress and inflammation in overweight students, even in the short-term
Authors: Zhang Qian , Guo Miao , Chen Tianyi , Cheng Huizhi , Yang Qianwen , Zhao Zhuohui , She Rong , Yang Xiaoyan , Xiao Wen , Yang Xu , Li Lijuan 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveObese or overweight is a risk factor for some chronic diseases, and oxidative stress and inflammation may be one of the molecular mechanisms leading to the persistence of these chronic diseases. Discovering interventions to alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation in the overweight/obese population, is very important for public health and health education.MethodsA two-week panel intervention study (Run 0-Run 1-Run 2) was conducted. The subjects were 77 overweight/obese undergraduates attending Dali University, with a BMI&gt;24 kg/m2. The physical indices measured at the end of each run included BMI, waist circumference, serum ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β and urinary 8-OHdG. Students were allocated to one of four intervention groups: No intervention (control); walking; taking vitamin C; and walking + taking vitamin C.ResultsThe results demonstrated (1) Walking significantly alleviated ROS levels, and this was consistent in Run 1 and Run 2; (2) During Run1, all three intervention modes reduced levels of 8-OHdG, but there was a statistically insignificant increase during Run 2; (3) No alleviating effects of the three intervention modes on TNF-α levels during Run 1 and Run 2 were observed; (4) The alleviating effects of the three intervention modes on IL-1β levels during Run 1 and Run 2 were clear.ConclusionWalking and taking vitamin C can reduce levels of ROS, 8-OHdG and IL-1β, but not TNF-α, in overweight/obese participants. These interventions may become potential preventive measures for the overweight against obese-induced oxidative stress and inflammation.
Breast awareness mobile apps for health education and promotion for breast cancer
Authors: Yusuf Azlina , P. Iskandar Yulita Hanum , Ab Hadi Imi Sairi , Nasution Arryana , Lean Keng Soon 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundLack of knowledge, poor awareness, and attitude are barriers to breast cancer (BC) screening participation. The ubiquitous usage of mobile phones makes it a perfect platform for delivering interventions to increase knowledge and awareness in screening, a strategy for early identification of BC. However, although numerous applications for BC prevention are available on major mobile phone platforms, relatively few have been tested in scientific studies to determine their efficacy.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the efficacy of BrAware Apps in increasing the knowledge of BC risk factors, awareness of warning signs and confidence in breast self-examination (BSE) among women in northeast peninsular Malaysia.MethodsA quasi-experimental pre and post-test research design were conducted with 41 women participants in Kelantan, Malaysia, before and after using the BrAware apps. Participants were given an online, adapted Breast Cancer Awareness Measure questionnaire. Post-test was 2 months after using the BrAware apps. Comparison using paired T-tests were conducted to evaluate the change in knowledge of risk factors, warning signs awareness and confidence level for BSE.ResultsThe mean age of women was 39.71(SD = 8.80). The participants' mean knowledge score of BC warning signs differs before using BrAware (mean 70.62, SD 11.74) and after using the BrAware app (mean 79.83, SD 10.15) at the &lt;0.001 level of significance.ConclusionsThe BrAware mobile app had a positive effect in increasing the women's knowledge of risk factors of BC, warning signs awareness and confidence level for BSE. It can be concluded that the mobile app may be an adjunct in educating women on BC.
“Blood lead level among battery factory workers in low and middle-income countries: Systematic review and meta-analysis”
Authors: Olana Ararso Tafese , Kumie Abera , Abegaz Teferi 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionLead is one of the most health-hazardous causes of acute and chronic poisoning at workplaces. A limited study was conducted on the blood lead concentration among battery factory workers in low and middle-income countries. Therefore, this study will improve workplace health and safety conditions of workers in this sector and serve as baseline data for further studies in this segment of the working setup.ObjectiveThis review aims to identify the pooled mean blood lead level among battery factory workers in low and middle-income countries.MethodsThe search methods considered the following electronic bibliographic databases: google scholar, PubMed, and other gray literature. A funnel plot and Begg test were used to see the publication bias. The heterogeneity of studies was checked using I-square statistics with a cut of point 75% and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) quality assessment tool was applied to ensure the quality of the included articles. A random-effect model was applied to pool the blood lead level intoxication. The sub-group analysis and Meta-regression analysis were conducted by country and year of publication to control heterogeneity and to show variation. We included the articles published from 2000 to 2021 year in the English language.ResultsThrough the search strategies, 135 articles were identified and 43 full-text articles were selected for evaluation, and finally, eighteen (18) articles fit the inclusion criteria. From the 18 studies included in the meta-analysis, the mean pooled blood lead level of workers was 37.996 μg/dl (95% CI: 30.680–45.312) which is higher than the threshold limit value set by American conference of governmental industrial hygienists (20 μg/dl). In subgroup analysis by year in the random effect model, the pooled mean of blood lead level from 2006 to 2011= 43.20 μg/dL (35.91–50.50), 2012–2015 = 37.78 μg/dl (25.23–50.29), and 2016–2020 = 36.53 μg/dl (19.44–53.62).ConclusionsThis review showed that the pooled mean blood lead level of workers exposed to lead battery factories was (37.996 μg/dl) which is above the threshold limit value (20 μg/dl). Therefore, attention should be given by employers, government, and researchers to improve the health of working populations exposed to lead exposure in low and middle-income countries through the provision of occupational health and safety services like periodical medical checkups, treatments, and provision of training and adequate and appropriate personal protective equipment.Systematic review registration: Identifier: CRD42022322827.
High prevalence of obesity among women in urban Haiti: Findings from a population-based cohort
Authors: Dade Eliezer , Metz Miranda , Pierre Jean Lookens , Rouzier Vanessa , Sufra Rodney , Fox Elizabeth , Preval Fabyola , St-Preux Stephano , Zephir Jean Ronald , Ariste Wilson , Rasul Rehana , Sabwa Shalom , Roberts Nicholas , Deschamps Marie Marcelle , Severe Patrice , Fitzgerald Daniel , Pape Jean William , Yan Lily Du , McNairy Margaret L. 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionObesity is associated with increased risk of non-communicable diseases and death and is increasing rapidly in low- and middle-income countries, including Haiti. There is limited population-based data on body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) and associated risk factors in Haiti. This study describes BMI and WC, and factors associated with obesity using a population-based cohort from Port-au-Prince.MethodsBaseline sociodemographic and clinical data were collected from participants in the Haiti CVD Cohort Study between March 2019 and August 2021. Weight was categorized by BMI (kg/m2) with obesity defined as ≥30 kg/m2. Abdominal obesity was defined using WC cutoffs of ≥80 cm for women and ≥94 cm for men based on WHO guidelines. Sociodemographic and behavioral risk factors, including age, sex, educational attainment, income, smoking status, physical activity, fat/oil use, daily fruit/vegetable consumption, and frequency of fried food intake were assessed for their association with obesity using a Poisson multivariable regression.ResultsAmong 2,966 participants, median age was 41 years (IQR: 28–55) and 57.6% were women. Median BMI was 24.0 kg/m2 (IQR: 20.9–28.1) and 508 (17.1%) participants were obese. Women represented 89.2% of the population with BMI ≥30 kg/m2. A total of 1,167 (68.3%) women had WC ≥80 cm and 144 (11.4%) men had WC ≥94 cm. BMI ≥30 kg/m2 was significantly more prevalent among women than men [PR 5.7; 95% CI: (4.3–7.6)], those 40–49 years compared to 18–29 years [PR 3.3; 95% CI: (2.4–4.6)], and those with income &gt;10 USD per day compared to ≤1 USD [PR 1.3; 95% CI: (1.0–1.6)]. There were no significant associations with other health and behavioral risk factors.DiscussionIn Haiti, women have an alarming 6-fold higher obesity prevalence compared to men (26.5 vs. 4.3%) and 89.2% of participants with obesity were women. Abdominal obesity was high, at 44.3%. Haiti faces a paradox of an ongoing national food insecurity crises and a burgeoning obesity epidemic. Individual, social, and environmental drivers of obesity, especially among women, need to be identified.
Richard Taruskin and Us
Authors: Ковнацкая Людмила 
Published: October 2022

Это эссе - попытка запечатлеть Ричарда Тарускина таким, как его помнит автор: не только блестящим ученым, но и замечательным человеком.
This essay attempts to capture Richard Taruskin as the author remembers him: not only a brilliant scientist but also a wonderful person.
In Memory of Professor Taruskin
Authors: Савенко Светлана 
Published: October 2022

Некролог посвящен памяти Ричарда Тарускина (1945-2022) - ключевой фигуры современного музыковедения. В тексте даются выдержки из биографии ученого, а также цитаты из переписки с автором.
This obituary is dedicated to the memory of Richard Taruskin-the key figure of modern musicology. The text gives excerpts from the biography of Taruskin, as well as fragments from correspondence with the author.
“The Bach Bow”: An Ingenious Discovery or a Beautiful Legend?
Authors: Текучева Алеся 
Published: October 2022

В статье идет речь о так называемом баховском смычке. Еще в эпоху романтизма музыканты задавались вопросом, каким образом нужно играть полифонические сочинения И. С. Баха для скрипки соло: возможности инструмента не позволяли исполнять все звуки аккорда в соответствии с длительностями, указанными в нотном тексте. В начале XX века А. Шеринг пришел к мысли, что во времена Баха существовал смычок иной конструкции, предполагавший звучание на скрипке протянутых аккордов. Теорию Шеринга горячо поддержал А. Швейцер, включив описание смычка в свою монографию о Бахе. По мнению ученых, знаменитые сонаты и партиты для скрипки соло композитор сочинил с расчетом именно на такой смычок. Оригинальные идеи музыковедов восприняли скрипачи и, адаптировав теоретически описанную конструкцию к практическому использованию, представили публике столь необычное исполнение произведений Баха. Обращаясь к трактатам XVII-XVIII веков, освещая историю появления и дальнейшего усовершенствования смычка, анализируя качество звучания и неудобства, с которыми сталкиваются скрипачи, а также сопоставляя слышимый результат с рукописным текстом, автор статьи приходит к выводу, что теория, согласно которой в баховскую эпоху существовал особый смычок, безосновательна, а ее практическое применение в барочном исполнительстве, в отличие от современного искусства, вряд ли можно считать оправданным: его использование целесообразно ограничить кругом современных сочинений, авторы которых сознательно ориентируются на возможности разработанного в 1989 году М. Бахом изогнутого смычка.
This article clarifies the phenomenon of the Bach bow. The question of how to play Bach's polyphonic works for solo violin goes back to the era of Romanticism. The design of the standard violin bow makes it incapable of playing simultaneous chords indicated in Bach's scores. Musicologist Arnold Schering first suggested at the beginning of the 20th century that there had been a special bow with a widely-curved wood piece to play all four strings of the violin simultaneously. Albert Schweitzer supported this new theory and described Bach bow construction in his monograph. According to these musicologists, Bach's famous violin solo sonatas and partitas were composed specifically for this type of bow. Violinists accepted these ideas and made the transition from the theoretical model of the curved bow to performing practice possible. After analysing several treatises of the 17th-18th centuries, the history and development of the Bach bow, sound quality as well as the inconveniences faced by the violinists and also after comparing the audible result with Bach's manuscripts, the author of this article proves the Bach bow theory to be unfounded and the Bach bow itself inappropriate for performing baroque music-in contrast to modern art: it would be appropriate to restrict the use of this device to the range oF modern compositions whose authors consciously focus on the possibilities of the curved bow developed in 1989 by M. Bach.
Music and Poetry in Dialogue: Pauline Viardot and Ivan Turgenev
Authors: Редепеннинг Доротея 
Published: October 2022

В статье рассматриваются песни Полины Виардо, имеющие несколько вариантов текста на разных языках; определяется роль, которую сыграл Иван Тургенев в композиторском творчестве певицы, а также обосновывается гипотеза о влиянии музыки Виардо на выполненные для нее Тургеневым поэтические переводы. В качестве необходимого контекста излагается информация о художественном кружке, сложившемся в Баден-Бадене в 1860-е годы вокруг семьи Виардо и Тургенева, а также об изданиях песен Виардо в России, Германии и Франции. Специфические требования Тургенева к переводу текстов песен выясняются путем анализа его переписки с Фридрихом фон Боденштедтом. Заключительный раздел статьи содержит подробный разбор взаимодействия музыки и слова в двух песнях Виардо: «Синица» на стихи Тургенева и «In der FrChe» на стихи Эдуарда Мёрике («На заре» в переводе Тургенева). Как показывает автор статьи, Виардо удалось тонкими музыкальными приемами подчеркнуть экзистенциальные глубины стихотворения Тургенева, оставшиеся без внимания его переводчиков на немецкий и французский языки. В то же время Тургенев, переводя миниатюрный шедевр Мёрике, не просто вдохновлялся музыкой Виардо, но принял под впечатлением от нее важные художественные решения, которые помогли ему эксплицировать христианские смыслы, заложенные немецким поэтом, и создать конгениальное оригиналу произведение.
The article examines the songs by Pauline Viardot, which have several versions in different languages, determines the role Ivan Turgenev played in the musical compositions by the singer, and substantiates the hypothesis of the influence of Viardot's music on the poetic translations made for her by Turgenev. As a necessary context, the information is provided about the artistic circle that developed in Baden-Baden in the 1860s around the Viardot family and Turgenev, as well as about the publications of Viardot's songs in Russia, Germany and France. Turgenev's specific requirements for the translation of song lyrics are clarified by analysing his correspondence with Friedrich von Bodenstedt. The final section of the article contains a detailed analysis of the interaction of music and poetry in two songs by Viardot: “The Tit” (“Sinitsa,” in Turgenev's text) and “In der Frühe” by Eduard Mörike (“Na zare,” in Turgenev's translation). As shown by the author, Viardot succeeded in using subtle musical devices to emphasize the existential depths of Turgenev's poem, which were ignored by its translators in German and French. At the same time, when translating Mörike's miniature masterpiece, Turgenev was not only inspired by Viardot's music, but under its influence, he made important artistic decisions that helped him explicate the Christian dimension of the original and create a congenial work.