bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electronic informed consent criteria for research ethics review: a scoping review
Authors: Yusof Mohd Yusmiaidil Putera Mohd , Teo Chin Hai , Ng Chirk Jenn 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe research shows a growing trend in using an electronic platform to supplement or replace traditional paper-based informed consent processes. Instead of the traditionally written informed consent document, electronic informed consent (eConsent) may be used to assess the research subject’s comprehension of the information presented. By doing so, respect for persons as one of the research ethical principles can be upheld. Furthermore, these electronic methods may reduce potential airborne infection exposures, particularly during the pandemic, thereby adhering to the beneficence and nonmaleficence principle. This scoping review aims to identify the ethics related criteria that have been included in electronic informed consent processes and to synthesize and map these criteria to research ethics principles, in order to identify the gaps, if any, in current electronic informed consent processes.MethodsThe search was performed based on internet search and three main databases: PubMed, SCOPUS and EBSCO. PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation guideline was used to report this work.ResultsOf 34 studies that met the inclusion criteria, 242 essential original constructs were collated, and 7 concepts were derived. Digital content showed the highest percentage of collated original constructs (27%, n = 65) followed by accessibility (24%, n = 56), comprehension engagement (18%, n = 43), autonomy (14%, n = 34), confidentiality (11%, n = 25), language (5%, n = 13), and parental consent (1%, n = 2). Twenty-five new items were synthesized for eConsent criteria which may provide guidance for ethical review of research involving eConsent.ConclusionThe current study adds significant value to the corpus of knowledge in research ethics by providing ethical criteria on electronic informed consent based on evidence-based data. The new synthesized items in the criteria can be readily used as an initial guide by the IRB/REC members during a review process on electronic informed consent and useful to the future preparation of a checklist.
Using the RE-AIM framework to evaluate the implementation of scaling-up the Friendship Bench in Zimbabwe – a quantitative observational study
Authors: Verhey Ruth , Chitiyo Charmaine , Mboweni Sandra , Turner Jean , Murombo Gift , Healey Andy , Chibanda Dixon , Wagenaar Bradley H. , Araya Ricardo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to evaluate the real-world implementation of the Friendship Bench (FB) – an evidence-based brief psychological intervention delivered by community health workers (CHWs) – three years after its implementation in three city health departments in Zimbabwe. Implementation sites were evaluated according to their current performance using the RE-AIM framework making this one of the first evaluations of a scaled-up evidence-based psychological intervention in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

Methods
Using the RE-AIM guide (www.re-aim.org), the authors designed quantitative indicators based on existing FB implementation data. Thirty-six primary health care clinics (PHC) in Harare (n=28), Chitungwiza (n=4) and Gweru (n=4) were included. Among these clinics 20 were large comprehensive health care centers, 7 medium (mostly maternal and child healthcare) and 9 small clinics (basic medical care and acting as referral clinic). Existing data from these clinics, added to additionally collected data through interviews and field observations were used to investigate and compare the performance of the FB across clinics. The focus was on the RE-AIM domains of Reach, Adoption, and Implementation.

Results
Small clinics achieved 34% reach, compared to large (15%) and medium clinics (9%). Adoption was high in all clinic types, ranging from 59% to 71%. Small clinics led the implementation domain with 53%, followed by medium sized clinics 43% and large clinics 40%. Small clinics performed better in all indicators and differences in performance between small and large clinics were significant. Program activity and data quality depends on ongoing support for delivering agents and buy-in from health authorities.

Conclusion
The Friendship Bench program was implemented over three years transitioning from a research-based implementation program to one led locally. The Reach domain showed the largest gap across clinics where larger clinics performed poorly relative to smaller clinics and should be a target for future implementation improvements. Program data needs to be integrated into existing health information systems. Future studies should seek to optimize scale-up and sustainment strategies to maintain effective task-shared psychological interventions in SSA.
Innate immunity, cytokine storm, and inflammatory cell death in COVID-19
Authors: Karki Rajendra , Kanneganti Thirumala-Devi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe innate immune system serves as the first line of defense against invading pathogens; however, dysregulated innate immune responses can induce aberrant inflammation that is detrimental to the host. Therefore, careful innate immune regulation is critical during infections. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and has resulted in global morbidity and mortality as well as socio-economic stresses. Innate immune sensing of SARS-CoV-2 by multiple host cell pattern recognition receptors leads to the production of various pro-inflammatory cytokines and the induction of inflammatory cell death. These processes can contribute to cytokine storm, tissue damage, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Here, we discuss the sensing of SARS-CoV-2 to induce innate immune activation and the contribution of this innate immune signaling in the development and severity of COVID-19. In addition, we provide a conceptual framework for innate immunity driving cytokine storm and organ damage in patients with severe COVID-19. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulated by innate immunity is needed for the development of targeted modalities that can improve patient outcomes by mitigating severe disease.
Opposing effects of apoE2 and apoE4 on microglial activation and lipid metabolism in response to demyelination
Authors: Wang Na , Wang Minghui , Jeevaratnam Suren , Rosenberg Cassandra , Ikezu Tadafumi C. , Shue Francis , Doss Sydney V. , Alnobani Alla , Martens Yuka A. , Wren Melissa , Asmann Yan W. , Zhang Bin , Bu Guojun , Liu Chia-Chen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Abnormal lipid accumulation has been recognized as a key element of immune dysregulation in microglia whose dysfunction contributes to neurodegenerative diseases. Microglia play essential roles in the clearance of lipid-rich cellular debris upon myelin damage or demyelination, a common pathogenic event in neuronal disorders. Apolipoprotein E (apoE) plays a pivotal role in brain lipid homeostasis; however, the apoE isoform-dependent mechanisms regulating microglial response upon demyelination remain unclear.

Methods
To determine how apoE isoforms impact microglial response to myelin damage, 2-month-old apoE2-, apoE3-, and apoE4-targeted replacement (TR) mice were fed with normal diet (CTL) or 0.2% cuprizone (CPZ) diet for four weeks to induce demyelination in the brain. To examine the effects on subsequent remyelination, the cuprizone diet was switched back to regular chow for an additional two weeks. After treatment, brains were collected and subjected to immunohistochemical and biochemical analyses to assess the myelination status, microglial responses, and their capacity for myelin debris clearance. Bulk RNA sequencing was performed on the corpus callosum (CC) to address the molecular mechanisms underpinning apoE-mediated microglial activation upon demyelination.

Results
We demonstrate dramatic isoform-dependent differences in the activation and function of microglia upon cuprizone-induced demyelination. ApoE2 microglia were hyperactive and more efficient in clearing lipid-rich myelin debris, whereas apoE4 microglia displayed a less activated phenotype with reduced clearance efficiency, compared with apoE3 microglia. Transcriptomic profiling revealed that key molecules known to modulate microglial functions had differential expression patterns in an apoE isoform-dependent manner. Importantly, apoE4 microglia had excessive buildup of lipid droplets, consistent with an impairment in lipid metabolism, whereas apoE2 microglia displayed a superior ability to metabolize myelin enriched lipids. Further, apoE2-TR mice had a greater extent of remyelination; whereas remyelination was compromised in apoE4-TR mice.

Conclusions
Our findings provide critical mechanistic insights into how apoE isoforms differentially regulate microglial function and the maintenance of myelin dynamics, which may inform novel therapeutic avenues for targeting microglial dysfunctions in neurodegenerative diseases.
Effect of combining eight weeks of neuromuscular training with dual cognitive tasks on landing mechanics in futsal players with knee ligament dominance defect: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hamoongard Majid , Hadadnezhad Malihe , Abbasi Ali 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The performing of jump and landing in futsal simultaneous with divided attention is one of the most common mechanisms of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Neuromuscular training has effectively reduced the risk of ACL injury, but the effect of neurocognitive training has received less attention. This study investigated the effect of combining 8 weeks of neuromuscular training with dual cognitive tasks on the landing mechanics of futsal players with knee ligament dominance defects.

Methods
Thirty male futsal players (mean ± SD: age: 21.86 ± 3.27 years) with knee ligament dominance defects were purposefully identified by the tuck jump test and were randomly divided into the intervention and the control group. The intervention group performed dual task (DT) training for three weekly sessions for 8 weeks and 60 min each, while the control group only did activities of daily living. During the drop vertical jump test, 2D landing kinematics in two moments of initial contact (IC) and full flexion (FF) were assessed. Data were analyzed by means of 2 × 2 repeated measures ANOVA followed by post hoc comparison (Bonferroni) at the significance level of (α ≤ 0.05).

Results
A significant improvement was observed in the intervention group compared to the control group for the dynamic knee valgus at IC (F1,28 = 6.33; P = 0.02, ES = 0.31) and FF (F1,28 = 13.47; P = 0.003, ES = 0.49), knee flexion at IC (F1,28 = 20.08; P = 0.001, ES = 0.41) and FF (F1,28 = 13.67; P = 0.001, ES = 0.32), ankle dorsiflexion at IC (F1,28 = 37.17; P = 0.001, ES = 0.72) and FF (F1,28 = 14.52; P = 0.002, ES = 0.50), and trunk flexion at FF (F1,28 = 20.48; P = 0.001, ES = 0.59) angles. Changes in the trunk flexion at IC (F1,28 = 0.54; P = 0.47, ES = 0.03) and trunk lateral flexion at IC (F1,28 = 0.006; P = 0.93, ES = 0.00) and FF (F1,28 = 2.44; P = 0.141, ES = 0.148) angles were not statistically significant.

Conclusions
DT training compared to the control group improved landing mechanics in futsal players with knee ligament dominance defects.
Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials using the IRCT website with ID number IRCT20210602051477N1 prospectively registered on 20/06/2021.
Defb19 regulates the migration of germ cell and is involved in male fertility
Authors: Jin Jing , Li Xiaofeng , Ye Mei , Qiao Feng , Chen Hao , Fok Kin Lam 
Published: November 2022

Abstractβ-defensins are small antimicrobial peptides that play essential roles in male fertility. Although several members of the β-defensin family are preferentially expressed in the testis, their involvement in spermatogenesis remains elusive. In this study, we have characterized the expression and function of Defb19 in mouse testis. Our results showed that Defb19 is expressed in both Sertoli cells and germ cells. Overexpression of Defb19 in the 15P-1 Sertoli cell line decreases the expression of cell junction molecules and promotes the matrix adhesion and migration of Sertoli cells. Recombinant DEFB19 and conditioned medium of Defb19-overexpressed 15P-1 cells promote the migration of GC2-spd spermatocyte cell line. Knockout of Defb19 in mouse by CRISPR/Cas9 resulted in male subfertility with testicular and epididymal atrophy. A marked increase in apoptosis and a significant decrease in the sperm count were observed in the KO mice. Together, our study has uncovered an important role of Defb19 in male fertility by regulating the migration of both the Sertoli cells and the germ cells. Our study has shed new light on the functions of β-defensins in the testis.
Rapid evidence synthesis to enable innovation and adoption in health and social care
Authors: Norman Gill , Wilson Paul , Dumville Jo , Bower Peter , Cullum Nicky 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The rapid identification and adoption of effective innovations in healthcare is a known challenge. The strongest evidence base for innovations can be provided by evidence synthesis, but this is frequently a lengthy process and even rapid versions of this can be time-consuming and complex. In the UK, the Accelerated Access Review and Academic Health Science Network (AHSN) have provided the impetus to develop a consistently rapid process to support the identification and adoption of high-value innovations in the English NHS.

Methods
The Greater Manchester Applied Research Collaboration (ARC-GM) developed a framework for a rapid evidence synthesis (RES) approach, which is highly integrated within the innovation process of the Greater Manchester AHSN and the associated healthcare and research ecosystem. The RES uses evidence synthesis approaches and draws on the GRADE Evidence to Decision framework to provide rapid assessments of the existing evidence and its relevance to specific decision problems. We implemented this in a real-time context of decision-making around adoption of innovative health technologies.

Results
Key stakeholders in the Greater Manchester decision-making process for healthcare innovations have found that our approach is both timely and flexible; it is valued for its combination of rigour and speed.
Our RES approach rapidly and systematically identifies, appraises and contextualises relevant evidence, which can then be transparently incorporated into decisions about the wider adoption of innovations. The RES also identifies limitations in existing evidence for innovations and this can inform subsequent evaluations. There is substantial interest from other ARCs and AHSNs in implementing a similar process. We are currently exploring methods to make completed RES publicly available. We are also exploring methods to evaluate the impact of using RES as more implementation decisions are made.

Conclusions
The RES framework we have implemented combines transparency and consistency with flexibility and rapidity. It therefore maximises utility in a real-time decision-making context for healthcare innovations.
Exploring firm-specific deterrents of innovation in micro and small enterprises in Ethiopia
Authors: Ayinaddis Samuel Godadaw 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe paper aims to analyze firm-specific deterrents of innovation in Bahirdar city MSEs in Ethiopia. In order to attain the objective of the study, both descriptive and explanatory research method is used. In this paper, the data were drawn from 310 MSEs firms which were selected by using a simple random sampling technique. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics which include mean, standard deviation, and binary logistic regression model. From the model summary, independent variables that were incorporated under the current study, contributed 69.6% of the deterrents of innovation in MSEs as represented by the Nagelkerke R-square. This means that those variables explain about 69.6% of the deterrents of innovation of MSEs, whereas other factors not covered in this study contributed 30.4% to the deterrents of innovation. The results have revealed that research and development are the most critical deterrent factor affecting technological innovation of MSEs at a 1% level of significance. Besides, cost of innovation and firm size factors are the next important deterrent factors affecting technological innovation of the enterprises, followed by human resource factors. Contrarily, variables such as organizational culture and perceived risk factors have not been statistically significant and less likely to affect innovation of MSEs in the current study. The government and other stakeholders need to work hard to encourage innovation among MSEs by providing support, including an increased supply of credit, training, technology support, and provision of micro and small enterprise information services.
Nitrogen, manganese, iron, and carbon resource acquisition are potential functions of the wild rice Oryza rufipogon core rhizomicrobiome
Authors: Chang Jingjing , Tian Lei , Leite Marcio F.A. , Sun Yu , Shi Shaohua , Xu Shangqi , Wang Jilin , Chen Hongping , Chen Dazhou , Zhang Jianfeng , Tian Chunjie , Kuramae Eiko E. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The assembly of the rhizomicrobiome, i.e., the microbiome in the soil adhering to the root, is influenced by soil conditions. Here, we investigated the core rhizomicrobiome of a wild plant species transplanted to an identical soil type with small differences in chemical factors and the impact of these soil chemistry differences on the core microbiome after long-term cultivation. We sampled three natural reserve populations of wild rice (i.e., in situ) and three populations of transplanted in situ wild rice grown ex situ for more than 40 years to determine the core wild rice rhizomicrobiome.

Results
Generalized joint attribute modeling (GJAM) identified a total of 44 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) composing the core wild rice rhizomicrobiome, including 35 bacterial ASVs belonging to the phyla Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, and Nitrospirae and 9 fungal ASVs belonging to the phyla Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Rozellomycota. Nine core bacterial ASVs belonging to the genera Haliangium, Anaeromyxobacter, Bradyrhizobium, and Bacillus were more abundant in the rhizosphere of ex situ wild rice than in the rhizosphere of in situ wild rice. The main ecological functions of the core microbiome were nitrogen fixation, manganese oxidation, aerobic chemoheterotrophy, chemoheterotrophy, and iron respiration, suggesting roles of the core rhizomicrobiome in improving nutrient resource acquisition for rice growth. The function of the core rhizosphere bacterial community was significantly (p < 0.05) shaped by electrical conductivity, total nitrogen, and available phosphorus present in the soil adhering to the roots.

Conclusion
We discovered that nitrogen, manganese, iron, and carbon resource acquisition are potential functions of the core rhizomicrobiome of the wild rice Oryza rufipogon. Our findings suggest that further potential utilization of the core rhizomicrobiome should consider the effects of soil properties on the abundances of different genera.
Medical considerations in the care of transgender and gender diverse patients with eating disorders
Authors: Riddle Megan C. , Safer Joshua D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTransgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals are at increased risk for the development of eating disorders, but very little has been published with regards to the unique aspects of their medical care in eating disorder treatment. Providing gender affirming care is a critical component of culturally competent eating disorder treatment. This includes knowledge of gender affirming medical and surgical interventions and how such interventions may be impacted by eating disordered behaviors, as well as the role of such interventions in eating disorder treatment and recovery. TGD individuals face barriers to care, and one of these can be provider knowledge. By better understanding these needs, clinicians can actively reduce barriers and ensure TGD individuals are provided with appropriate care. This review synthesizes the available literature regarding the medical care of TGD patients and those of patients with eating disorders and highlights areas for further research.
The relationship of parenting style and eating behavior in preschool children
Authors: Leuba Anaëlle L. , Meyer Andrea H. , Kakebeeke Tanja H. , Stülb Kerstin , Arhab Amar , Zysset Annina E. , Leeger-Aschmann Claudia S. , Schmutz Einat A. , Kriemler Susi , Jenni Oskar G. , Puder Jardena J. , Munsch Simone , Messerli-Bürgy Nadine 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Eating behavior represents individual appetitive traits which are related to the individual’s regulation of food intake. Eating behavior develops at an early age. There is some evidence that parenting styles might impact on the child’s eating behavior. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of different dimensions of positive and negative parenting styles with the child’s eating behavior at a critical age period of the child’s early development.

Methods
Parents of 511 preschool children (aged 2–6 years) completed the Children Eating Behavior Questionnaire and the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire.

Results
Analyses revealed that different dimensions of negative parenting styles were associated with eating behavior of the child. In details, inconsistent parenting showed a consistent association with eating behavior of a child (i.e. higher emotional eating, higher food responsiveness, higher food fussiness, higher satiety responsiveness and more enjoyment of food), whereas corporal punishment was associated with more emotional overeating and more food responsiveness but less satiety responsiveness. Further, powerful implementation was related to higher food responsiveness and less enjoyment of food and low monitoring was associated with higher emotional overeating and more slowness in eating. There was no such consistent association of positive parenting and eating behavior.

Conclusions
More negative parenting styles were associated with eating behavior which is more often related to potential weight problems in a long term, whereas positive parenting did not show such a consistent relationship with eating behavior. Negative parenting should be in the focus of prevention and treatment of eating behavior problems in young children.
Trial registration: ISRCTN41045021 (06/05/2014).