bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
eDNA-based detection of the invasive crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus in streams with a LAMP assay using dependent replicates to gain higher sensitivity
Authors: Porco David , Hermant Sylvie , Purnomo Chanistya Ayu , Horn Mario , Marson Guy , Colling Guy 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLAMP assays are becoming increasingly popular in the field of invasive species detection but are still underused in eDNA-based monitoring. Here, we propose a LAMP assay designed to detect the North American crayfish species Pacifastacus leniusculus in water samples from streams. The presence of P. leniusculus was detected through this new LAMP assay in all but one of the nine sites sampled. No correlation was found between ddPCR absolute concentration measurements and the number of LAMP-positive technical replicates. However, we showed that using dependent technical replicates could significantly enhance the detection sensitivity of the LAMP assay. Applied to other assays, it could improve sensitivity and thus allow for a more efficient use of eDNA-based LAMP assays for invasive species detection in aquatic ecosystems.
High serum concentrations of growth differentiation factor-15 and their association with Crohn’s disease and a low skeletal muscle index
Authors: Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Takeshima Fuminao , Haraguchi Masafumi , Akazawa Yuko , Matsushima Kayoko , Kitayama Moto , Ogihara Kumi , Tabuchi Maiko , Hashiguchi Keiichi , Yamaguchi Naoyuki , Miyaaki Hisamitsu , Kondo Hisayoshi , Nakao Kazuhiko 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSarcopenia comprises a low skeletal muscle index (SMI) and low muscle strength (MS) or low physical function. Many sarcopenia biomarkers have been reported. With Crohn’s disease (CD), a low SMI is predictive of intestinal complications. Therefore, many CD studies have reported that sarcopenia is defined by SMI alone. This study investigated the sarcopenia frequency by assessing the SMI and MS of Japanese patients with CD and biomarkers predicting a low SMI. We evaluated the SMI using a bioelectrical impedance analysis, handgrip strength, and C-reactive protein, albumin, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, growth differentiation factor (GDF)-8, and GDF-15 levels as biomarker candidates for 78 CD patients at our hospital. Sarcopenia and a low SMI were observed in 7.7% and 42.3% of the patients, respectively. There was a significant difference in the GDF-15 levels of the low SMI group and normal group according to the multivariate analysis (P = 0.028; odds ratio [OR], 1.001; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.000–1.002). When evaluated by sex, males exhibited a negative correlation between the GDF-15 level and SMI (Pearson’s r = − 0.414; P = 0.0031), and the multivariate analysis indicated a significant difference in the GDF-15 levels (P = 0.011; OR, 1.001; 95% CI 1.000–1.002). GDF-15 levels may indicate a low SMI with CD.
Clinical evaluation of a real-time artificial intelligence-based polyp detection system: a US multi-center pilot study
Authors: Quan Susan Y. , Wei Mike T. , Lee Jun , Mohi-Ud-Din Raja , Mostaghim Radman , Sachdev Ritu , Siegel David , Friedlander Yishai , Friedland Shai 
Published: April 2022

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) has increasingly been employed in multiple fields, and there has been significant interest in its use within gastrointestinal endoscopy. Computer-aided detection (CAD) can potentially improve polyp detection rates and decrease miss rates in colonoscopy. However, few clinical studies have evaluated real-time CAD during colonoscopy. In this study, we analyze the efficacy of a novel real-time CAD system during colonoscopy. This was a single-arm prospective study of patients undergoing colonoscopy with a real-time CAD system. This AI-based system had previously been trained using manually labeled colonoscopy videos to help detect neoplastic polyps (adenomas and serrated polyps). In this pilot study, 300 patients at two centers underwent elective colonoscopy with the CAD system. These results were compared to 300 historical controls consisting of consecutive colonoscopies performed by the participating endoscopists within 12 months prior to onset of the study without the aid of CAD. The primary outcome was the mean number of adenomas per colonoscopy. Use of real-time CAD trended towards increased adenoma detection (1.35 vs 1.07, p = 0.099) per colonoscopy though this did not achieve statistical significance. Compared to historical controls, use of CAD demonstrated a trend towards increased identification of serrated polyps (0.15 vs 0.07) and all neoplastic (adenomatous and serrated) polyps (1.50 vs 1.14) per procedure. There were significantly more non-neoplastic polyps detected with CAD (1.08 vs 0.57, p < 0.0001). There was no difference in ≥ 10 mm polyps identified between the two groups. A real-time CAD system can increase detection of adenomas and serrated polyps during colonoscopy in comparison to historical controls without CAD, though this was not statistically significant. As this pilot study is underpowered, given the findings we recommend pursuing a larger randomized controlled trial to further evaluate the benefits of CAD.
A time to heal: microRNA and circadian dynamics in cutaneous wound repair
Authors: Fawcett Sandra , Al Kassas Raida , M Dykes Iain , Hughes Alun TL , Ghali Fawaz , Ross Kehinde 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Many biological systems have evolved circadian rhythms based on the daily cycles of daylight and darkness on Earth. Such rhythms are synchronised or entrained to 24-h cycles, predominantly by light, and disruption of the normal circadian rhythms has been linked to elevation of multiple health risks. The skin serves as a protective barrier to prevent microbial infection and maintain homoeostasis of the underlying tissue and the whole organism. However, in chronic non-healing wounds such as diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), pressure sores, venous and arterial ulcers, a variety of factors conspire to prevent wound repair. On the other hand, keloids and hypertrophic scars arise from overactive repair mechanisms that fail to cease in a timely fashion, leading to excessive production of extracellular matrix (ECM) components such as such as collagen. Recent years have seen huge increases in our understanding of the functions of microRNAs (miRNAs) in wound repair. Concomitantly, there has been growing recognition of miRNA roles in circadian processes, either as regulators or targets of clock activity or direct responders to external circadian stimuli. In addition, miRNAs are now known to function as intercellular signalling mediators through extracellular vesicles (EVs). In this review, we explore the intersection of mechanisms by which circadian and miRNA responses interact with each other in relation to wound repair in the skin, using keratinocytes, macrophages and fibroblasts as exemplars. We highlight areas for further investigation to support the development of translational insights to support circadian medicine in the context of these cells.
An Implicit–Explicit Framework for Intervention Methods in Developmental Language Disorder
Authors: Baron Lauren S. , Arbel Yael 
Published: April 2022

Purpose:
The growing interest in framing intervention approaches as either implicit or explicit calls for a discussion of what makes intervention approaches engage each of these learning systems, with the goal of achieving a shared framework. This tutorial presents evidence for the interaction between implicit and explicit learning systems, and it highlights the intervention characteristics that promote implicit or explicit learning as well as outcome measures that tap into implicit or explicit knowledge. This framework is then applied to eight common intervention approaches and notable combinations of approaches to unpack their differential engagement of implicit and explicit learning.

Conclusions:
Many intervention characteristics (e.g., instructions, elicitation techniques, feedback) can be manipulated to move an intervention along the implicit–explicit continuum. Given the bias for using explicit learning strategies that develops throughout childhood and into adulthood, clinicians should be aware that most interventions (even those that promote implicit learning) will engage the explicit learning system. However, increased awareness of the implicit and explicit learning systems and their cognitive demands will allow clinicians to choose the most appropriate intervention for the target behavior.
Integrative Review and Framework of Suggested Mechanisms in Primary Muscle Tension Dysphonia
Authors: Desjardins Maude , Apfelbach Christopher , Rubino Marianna , Verdolini Abbott Katherine 
Published: April 2022

Purpose:
Despite the high prevalence of primary muscle tension dysphonia (MTD-1), its underlying mechanisms and their interrelationships have yet to be fully identified. The objectives of this integrative review were (a) to describe and classify the suggested underlying mechanisms for MTD-1, (b) to appraise the empirical evidence supporting each of the proposed mechanisms, and (c) to summarize the information in an integrative model.

Method:
PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL were searched for all publications pertaining to muscle tension dysphonia. Papers were retained if they included theoretical or empirical data pertaining to underlying mechanisms of MTD-1. A total of 921 papers initially qualified for screening, of which 100 remained for consideration in this review. Underlying mechanisms of MTD-1 were extracted using a consensus approach.

Results:
Seven broad categories of putative mechanisms involved in MTD-1 were identified: psychosocial, autonomic, sensorimotor, respiratory, postural, inflammatory, and neuromuscular. These categories were further divided into 19 subcategories detailed in the body of this review article. Based on the reviewed evidence, our proposed integrative model presents MTD-1 as an idiosyncratic motor adaptation to physiological perturbation or perceived threat. Under this model, physiologically or psychologically aversive stimuli can instigate a series of motor adaptations at multiple levels of the nervous system, ultimately disturbing muscle activation patterns and their biomechanical outcomes. Importantly, these adaptations appear to have the potential to become chronic even after threatening stimuli are withdrawn.

Conclusions:
The proposed model highlights the importance of personalized rehabilitation in MTD-1 treatment. Limitations of the literature are discussed to provide guidance for future research aimed at improving our understanding of MTD-1.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.19586065
Fed‐NILM: A federated learning‐based non‐intrusive load monitoring method for privacy‐protection
Authors: Wang Haijin , Si Caomingzhe , Liu Guolong , Zhao Junhua , Wen Fushuan , Xue Yusheng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNon‐intrusive load monitoring (NILM) is essential for understanding consumer power consumption patterns and may have wide applications such as in carbon emission reduction and energy conservation. Determining NILM models requires massive load data containing different types of appliances. However, inadequate load data and the risk of power consumer privacy breaches may be encountered by local data owners when determining the NILM model. To address these problems, a novel NILM method based on federated learning (FL) called Fed‐NILM is proposed. In Fed‐NILM, instead of local load data, local model parameters are shared among multiple data owners. The global NILM model is obtained by averaging the parameters with the appropriate weights. Experiments based on two measured load datasets are performed to explore the generalization capability of Fed‐NILM. In addition, a comparison of Fed‐NILM with locally trained NILM models and the centrally trained NILM model is conducted. Experimental results show that the Fed‐NILM exhibits superior performance in terms of scalability and convergence. Fed‐NILM out performs locally trained NILM models operated by local data owners and approaches the centrally trained NILM model, which is trained on the entire load dataset without privacy protection. The proposed Fed‐NILM significantly improves the co‐modelling capabilities of local data owners while protecting the privacy of power consumers.
Prospects for a local detection of dark matter with future missions to Uranus and Neptune
Authors: Zwick Lorenz , Soyuer Deniz , Bucko Jozef 
Published: April 2022

Aims. We investigate the possibility of detecting the gravitational influence of dark matter (DM) on the trajectory of prospective Doppler-ranging missions to Uranus and Neptune. In addition, we estimate the constraints such a mission can provide on modified and massive gravity theories via extra-precession measurements using orbiters around the ice giants.
Methods. We employed Monte Carlo-Markov chain methods to reconstruct fictitious spacecraft trajectories in a simplified solar system model with varying amounts of DM. We characterise the noise on the Doppler link by the Allan deviation σA, scaled on the Cassini-era value of σACass = 3 × 10−15. Additionally, we compare the precision of prospective extra-precession measurements of Uranus and Neptune with the expected rates from simulations in the context of modifications to the inverse square law.
Results. We estimate that the prospective mission will be sensitive to DM densities of the order of ρDM ∼ 9 × 10−20(σA/σACass) kg m−3, while the 1σ bound on the expected galactic density of ρDM ∼ 5 × 10−22 kg m−3 decreases as 1.0 × 10−20(σA/σACass)0.8 kg m−3. An improvement of two to three orders of magnitude from the baseline Allan deviation would guarantee a local detection of DM. Only a moderate reduction in ranging noise is required to rule out Milgrom’s interpolating function with solar system based observations, and improve constraints the graviton mass beyond current local-based or gravitational wave-based measurements. Our analysis also highlights the potential of future ranging missions to improve measurements of the standard gravitational parameters in the solar system.
Conclusions. We believe that a ranging mission to Uranus and Neptune also presents a unique opportunity for non-planetary science. The noise improvements required to guarantee a local detection of dark matter in the early 2040s are realistic, provided they become one of the priorities during mission development.
Placental Passage of Protopine in an Ex Vivo Human Perfusion System
Authors: Spiess Deborah , Abegg Vanessa Fabienne , Chauveau Antoine , Treyer Andrea , Reinehr Michael , Oufir Mouhssin , Duong Elisa , Potterat Olivier , Hamburger Matthias , Simões-Wüst Ana Paula 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe placental passage of protopine was investigated with a human ex vivo placental perfusion model. The model was first validated with diazepam and citalopram, 2 compounds known to
cross the placental barrier, and antipyrine as a positive control. All compounds were quantified by partially validated U(H)PLC-MS/MS bioanalytical methods. Protopine was transferred from
the maternal to the fetal circuit, with a steady-state reached after 90 min. The study compound did not affect placental viability or functionality, as glucose consumption, lactate
production, and beta-human chorionic gonadotropin, and leptin release remained constant. Histopathological evaluation of all placental specimens showed unremarkable, age-appropriate
parenchymal maturation with no pathologic findings.
Die Auswirkungen der COVID-19-Pandemie auf die Versorgungsqualität von therapienaiven PatientInnen mit neovaskulärer altersbedingter Makuladegeneration unter
intravitrealer Aflibercept-Therapie
Authors: Angermann Reinhard , Franchi Alexander , Frede Katharina , Rettenwander Julia , Rettenwander Tanja , Neyer Julia , Stattin Martin , Kralinger Martina , Zehetner Claus 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Fragestellung Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Versorgungsqualität von therapienaiven PatientInnen mit neovaskulärer altersbedingter Makuladegeneration (nAMD), die vor der Pandemie der
Coronavirus-Krankheit 2019 (COVID-19) eine intravitreale Aflibercept-Therapie erhielten, mit PatientInnen zu vergleichen, die während der Pandemie dieselbe Therapie erhielten.
Methode Es wurden von 297 therapienaiven PatientInnen u. a. die bestkorrigierte Sehschärfe (BCVA) als Logarithmus des minimalen Auflösungswinkels (logMAR) und die anatomischen
Ergebnisse bei Diagnosestellung und bei jeder Nachuntersuchung erfasst. Therapienaive PatientInnen, bei denen mindestens 24 Monate vor dem 1. pandemiebedingten Lockdown eine Therapie
begonnen und die somit ausschließlich vor der Pandemie (n = 123) behandelt wurden, wurden mit PatientInnen verglichen, die innerhalb von 12 Monaten vor dem 1. Lockdown die Therapie starteten
und somit während der Pandemie (n = 174) behandelt wurden. Es wurden beide Gruppen über einen Zeitraum von 2 Jahren beobachtet.
Resultate In der Gruppe, die vor der COVID-19-Pandemie behandelt wurde, blieb die Sehschärfe, verglichen zum Ausgangswert (0,58 ± 0,41 logMAR) bis zum Ende des Beobachtungszeitraums
(0,54 ± 0,34 logMAR) stabil (p = 0,228). Der BCVA von PatientInnen, die während der COVID-19-Pandemie behandelt wurden, verschlechterte sich von 0,56 ± 0,35 bei Therapiestart zu
0,79 ± 0,43 logMAR (p = 0,010) zum Ende des Beobachtungszeitraums. Im Vergleich zu den PatientInnen, die vor der COVID-19-Pandemie behandelt wurden, zeigte die Gruppe, die während der
Pandemie behandelt wurde, eine signifikant schlechtere Sehschärfe nach 6 Monaten (p = 0,041), 12 Monaten (p = 0,040), 18 Monaten (p = 0,024), 21 Monaten (p = 0,035) sowie nach 24 Monaten
(p = 0,004). Darüber hinaus erhielt die während der COVID-19-Pandemie behandelte Gruppe im 2. Behandlungsjahr im Vergleich zur Gruppe, die vor der COVID-19-Pandemie behandelt wurde, weniger
Aflibercept-Injektionen (3,94 ± 1,9 vs. 3,30 ± 1,6; p = 0,007) und weniger Nachsorgeuntersuchungen (2,71 ± 1,2 vs. 2,16 ± 0,9; p < 0,001).
Schlussfolgerung PatientInnen mit nAMD, die während der COVID-19-Pandemie behandelt wurden, hatten eine signifikant schlechtere Visusentwicklung über einen Beobachtungszeitraum von 2
Jahren als PatientInnen, die vor der Pandemie behandelt wurden. Der erschwerte Zugang zur Versorgung könnte auf die Einschränkungen zurückzuführen sein, die aufgrund der COVID-19-Pandemie
auferlegt wurden.
Netzhaut-Glaskörper-Chirurgie bei Glaukom
Authors: Unterlauft Jan Darius , Schawkat Megir , Zinkernagel Martin 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Glaukome gehen mit einem Untergang von retinalen Ganglienzellen und deren Axonen einher, die sich vornehmlich in der Netzhaut befinden. Die vitreoretinale- und die Glaukomchirurgie
überschneiden sich bei bestimmten Krankheitsbildern in einem nicht geringen Ausmaß. Ziel des vorliegenden Übersichtsartikels ist es, diese Krankheitsbilder darzustellen und
Behandlungsstrategien und die jeweiligen Wirkungsweisen gesammelt aufzuzeigen. Im Rahmen des vorliegenden Artikels werden die Themen malignes Glaukom/Aqueous Misdirection Syndrome,
Netzhautchirurgie bei Aderhautamotio und expulsive Aderhautblutung, postoperative Blebitis und Endophthalmitis nach Glaukomoperation und Vitrektomie nach Glaukomoperation zusammen
beschrieben und die bestehenden Therapiepfade beim Management von auftretenden Komplikationen aufgezeigt. Insgesamt sind die Bereiche Glaukom- und Netzhaut-Glaskörper-Chirurgie eng
miteinander verbunden. Kollegen beider Subspezialitäten sollten Kenntnisse über diese sie beide betreffenden Krankheitsbilder haben.
Copper-Mediated Direct Aromatic ortho-C–H Cyanation by AIBN
Authors: Qian Peng-Cheng , Cheng Jiang , Zhou Aijun , Wang Zhenlian , Chen Fan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe have developed a copper-mediated chelation-assisted direct aromatic ortho-C–H cyanation that uses AIBN as a safe cyanation reagent. The substrate scope included indoles, pyrroles, a carbazole, and a thiophene.
External-Ligand-Free, Nickel-Catalyzed Alkenylation of N-Sulfonylamines with Internal Alkynes
Authors: Li Jia-Yue , Li Lun , Shi Hang , Lin Yun-Zhi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAllylic amines were synthesized via a nickel-catalyzed coupling reaction between various N-sulfonylamines and internal alkynes. The catalytic reaction was by-product-free and proceeded without the need for additional oxidant/reductant or activating reagent. As improvements over established methods, the present approach avoids the need for an external ligand, which increases the value of the approach with respect to atom economy, and it uses bench-stable Ni(II)Br2(dme) instead of Ni(0)(COD)2 as the source of the nickel catalyst. Mechanistic studies revealed that a catalytic amount of a strong base (i.e., KO
t
Bu) was essential for the formation of active Ni(0) catalyst, which, along with an imine intermediate, then initiated the catalytic cycle.
Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Authors: Jagtap Nitin , Reddy D. Nageshwar , Tandan Manu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLower gastrointestinal (LGI) bleeding indicates bleeding from colon or anorectum. Typically, patients with LGI bleeding present with bright red blood per rectum or hematochezia, although rarely they can present with melena as well. Alternatively, LGI bleeding is also defined as bleeding from a source within potential reach of a colonoscope, that is, colon and terminal ileum. LGI bleedings have more favorable outcomes than upper GI (UGI) bleeding and less common than UGI bleeding. Any patient presenting with GI bleeding should undergo a detailed history and physical examination for clues that may suggest source and possible etiology. Colonoscopy remains the most widely used and preferred instrument of choice for both diagnosis and therapy. This review will discuss in brief the causes, triaging, and role of colonoscopy in the management of LGI bleeding.
The Relationship between Contralateral Suppression of Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emission and Unmasking of Speech Evoked Auditory Brainstem Response
Authors: Kalaiah Mohan Kumar , Mishra Keshav , Shastri Usha 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction Several studies have shown that efferent pathways of the auditory system improve perception of speech-in-noise. But, the majority of investigations assessing the role of efferent pathways on speech perception have used contralateral suppression of otoacoustic emissions as a measure of efferent activity. By studying the effect of efferent activity on the speech-evoked auditory brainstem response (ABR), some more light could be shed on the effect of efferent pathways on the encoding of speech in the auditory pathway.
Objectives To investigate the relationship between contralateral suppression of transient evoked otoacoustic emission (CSTEOAE) and unmasking of speech ABR.
Methods A total of 23 young adults participated in the study. The CSTEOAE was measured using linear clicks at 60 dB peSPL and white noise at 60 dB sound pressure level (SPL). The speech ABR was recorded using the syllable /da/ at 80 dB SPL in quiet, ipsilateral noise, and binaural noise conditions. In the ipsilateral noise condition, white noise was presented to the test ear at 60 dB SPL, and, in the binaural noise condition, two separate white noises were presented to both ears.
Results The F0 amplitude of speech ABR was higher in quiet condition; however, the mean amplitude of F0 was not significantly different across conditions. Correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between the CSTEOAE and the magnitude of unmasking of F0 amplitude of speech ABR.
Conclusions The findings of the present study suggests that the efferent pathways are involved in speech-in-noise processing.