bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Archaeological identification of fragmented nuts and fruits from key Asia‐Pacific economic tree species using anatomical criteria: Comparative analysis of Canarium, Pandanus and Terminalia
Authors: Fairbairn Andrew S. , Florin S. Anna 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTThe fats, protein and carbohydrates afforded by tree nuts and fruits are key resources for communities from Southeast Asia, through Melanesia, Australia and across Oceania. They are important in long‐distance marine trade networks, large‐scale ceremonial gatherings, and are core resources in a wide range of subsistence economies, including foraging systems, horticulture and swidden agriculture. Recent archaeobotanical evidence has also shown their deep‐time importance, being amongst the earliest foods used in the colonisation of novel environments in Australia and New Guinea, as well as the later colonisation of Near and Remote Oceania. The archaeobotanical methods used to identify fruit and nut‐derived plant macrofossils have been largely limited to use of morphological characters of near whole or exceptionally preserved remains, most commonly endocarps, the hard, nutshell‐like interior layer of the fruit protecting the seed. Here we detail how anatomical characteristics of endocarps, visible in light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), can be used with surviving morphological features to identify confidently the use of key Asia‐Pacific economic trees, in this case, Canarium, Pandanus and Terminalia. Systematic anatomical description allows the identification of these important economic taxa, and separation from the remains of others such as Aleurites and Cocos, when found in a range of archaeological assemblages. This includes the often highly fragmented charred assemblages that can be recovered routinely from most sites with appropriate fine‐sieving and flotation methods. These methods provide the basis for a more representative and nuanced understanding of ancient plant use, economy and social systems operating in the region and, being particularly useful in tropical regions, will broaden the archaeobotanical database on ancient foods globally.
Operator‐informed risk assessment tool: Opportunities and barriers to support risk management practices
Authors: Lane Kaycie , Fuller Megan , Gagnon Graham 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSuccessfully implementing water safety plans (WSPs) in small, municipal drinking water systems is understudied in affluent jurisdictions where WSPs are not required by regulations. We piloted a computer‐based risk assessment survey in eight municipal water systems in Nova Scotia, Canada to evaluate the benefits and challenges of implementing risk assessment strategies in non‐WSP jurisdictions. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with water operators and managers to gather feedback on the risk assessment survey and process. Results indicated difficulties quantifying risk despite streamlining the risk identification process, resulting in key informants viewing the risk assessment as strictly diagnostic and unlikely to be integrated into operational practice if not required. We identified a need to shift water system culture from a regulatory‐based to a knowledge‐based mindset for successful risk assessment implementation. Clear lines of communication, increased understanding of risk, and commitment to improvement are critical to shifting water system culture toward a risk‐based water quality management approach.
Integrated asset management of urban water and wastewater systems
Authors: Ganjidoost Amin , Haas Carl T. , Knight Mark A. , Unger Andre J. A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a decision support system for the integrated management of water distribution and wastewater collection networks. The proposed methodology utilizes system dynamics to integrate water mains and sewers with finance and sociopolitical sectors. It enables user rate‐setting and planning of integrated water and wastewater infrastructure operational and capital works over their life‐cycle (50+ years). The integrated asset management model is implemented using data from a large‐sized utility in Southern Ontario, Canada. The result indicates that the integrated framework enables the utility to accelerate funding for capital and operational works due to the integration of the water and wastewater financial resources and improve the integrated levels of service. In practice, the proposed integrated framework empowers and encourages water utilities to manage and plan their assets in an integrated approach to enhance their water and wastewater assets' infrastructure, financial, and sociopolitical performance relative to managing them in isolation.
Optimized rapid production of recombinant secreted proteins in CHO cells grown in suspension: The case of RBD
Authors: Rosini Elena , Pollegioni Loredano 
Published: October 2022

AbstractChinese Hamster Ovary cells (CHO) have become the most common workhorse for the commercial production of therapeutic proteins, as well as for the production of recombinant proteins for biomedical research. The ability to grow at high density in suspension, the adaptability to serum free media, and the ease transfection and scale up, made CHO cell line highly productive and robust for large‐scale production. Here, we present an optimized workflow used to successfully express and purify a number of human proteins with a yield up to 5 mg/L of culture. The entire protocol, from the synthetic gene design to the assessment of purified protein quality, can be completed in 2 weeks. The established cell culture platform has been efficiently adapted to rapidly produce the receptor‐binding domain (RBD) in SARS‐CoV‐2 S protein, a protein required by many laboratories in 2020 to better understand the initial step of infection related to COVID‐19 pandemic. An overall yield of 2 mg of high quality soluble RBD per liter of culture was obtained, a production 10‐times cheaper than commercial preparations, this representing an intriguing strategy for future challenges.
Enhanced Electrocatalytic Performance of IrOx by Employing F‐Doped TiO2 as Support towards Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Li Guoqiang , Xu Xiaojie , Liu Huan , Yang Xin , Lin Meng‐Chang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractF‐doped TiO2 is developed through simple solid‐phase synthesis and innovatively employed to support IrOx nanoparticles towards acidic oxygen evolution reaction. Benefiting from the high electrical conductivity, improved electronic interaction, and well dispersing/anchoring effects of F‐TiO2, the IrOx/F‐TiO2 electrocatalyst requires only 272 mV overpotential to achieve 10 mA cm−2, accompanied with the mass activity of 320.2 A gIr−1@1.55 V. Moreover, the single cell voltages are only 1.662 V@1 A cm−2 and 1.749 V@2 A cm−2 when employing IrOx/F‐TiO2 as the anode catalyst, and operates steadily for at least 240 h. Hence, low overpotential, enhanced stability and prominent catalyst utilization are simultaneously realized.
Template‐assisted Preparation of Self‐standing 2D‐MOF Membranes for Application in Cascade Reactions
Authors: Du Yingying , Ding Chenhui , Timm Jana , Marschall Roland , Agarwal Seema 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSelf‐standing metal‐organic framework (MOF) membranes open up several application areas where their use in the powder form is either not possible or non‐sustainable. Most MOF membranes are prepared as a thin layer either on a supporting substrate or used as a composite membrane with additional supporting material. In this work, we present the preparation procedure for making highly stable, easy‐to‐handle, reusable, efficient pure MOF membranes (UiO‐66‐SO3H and UiO‐66‐NH2 membranes; thickness 240±12 μm and 265±10 μm, respectively) with hollow fiber morphology and their use in cascade reactions in one‐pot catalyzed by incompatible acid‐base in tea‐bag‐type concept. The catalytic performance of the catalyst membranes was tested by reacting benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal with three active methylene compounds. The membranes exhibited excellent catalytic activity in cascade reactions in one pot (the yield of the product was as high as 99.9 %) and can be reutilized up to 15 times without any significant loss in activity. Stable pure MOF membranes, as shown in this work, would be of interest for several other applications beyond catalysis.
On partial least‐squares estimation in scalar‐on‐function regression models
Authors: Saricam Semanur , Beyaztas Ufuk , Asikgil Baris , Shang Han Lin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractScalar‐on‐function regression, where the response is scalar valued and the predictor consists of random functions, is one of the most important tools for exploring the functional relationship between a scalar response and functional predictor(s). The functional partial least‐squares method improves estimation accuracy for estimating the regression coefficient function compared to other existing methods, such as least squares, maximum likelihood, and maximum penalized likelihood. The functional partial least‐squares method is often based on the SIMPLS or NIPALS algorithm, but these algorithms can be computationally slow for analyzing a large dataset. In this study, we propose two modified functional partial least‐squares methods to efficiently estimate the regression coefficient function under the scalar‐on‐function regression. In the proposed methods, the infinite‐dimensional functional predictors are first projected onto a finite‐dimensional space using a basis expansion method. Then, two partial least‐squares algorithms, based on re‐orthogonalization of the score and loading vectors, are used to estimate the linear relationship between scalar response and the basis coefficients of the functional predictors. The finite‐sample performance and computing speed are evaluated using a series of Monte Carlo simulation studies and a sugar process dataset.
Endoperoxides Compounds for Highly Efficient Cancer Treatment under Hypoxia
Authors: Wei Li , Zhang Zhishang , Kumar Ashish , Banerjee Samya , Huang Huaiyi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) for cancer treatment has garnered tremendous attention with its promising non‐invasiveness, low side effects, and spatiotemporal selectivity. However, the hypoxic microenvironment in solid tumours remains a serious resistant factor to reducing the effects of PDT. Endoperoxides are successfully utilized as the chemical storage or supplier of singlet oxygen (1O2), the active substance for PDT in materials and other domains. Recent reports indicated that this type of compound could remarkably enhance the therapeutic effects of PDT under hypoxia. This concept mainly introduces a few representative endoperoxides and the outlook of their potent application for treating hypoxic cancer cells.
Chemical Synthesis of an Octasaccharide Derivative Related to Group B StreptococcusCell‐Wall Polysaccharide
Authors: Sun Chongzhen , Liu Zhaojun , Zeng Wuxian , Ma Xiaolin , Wang Guirong , Gu Guofeng 
Published: October 2022

Comprehensive SummaryGroup B Streptococcus (GBS) is the major pathogen that causes invasive infectious diseases in neonates and infants. The development of preventive and therapeutic strategies against GBS infection has been becoming the most pressing subject worldwide. Group B carbohydrate (GBC), the group B‐specific polysaccharide that distinguishes GBS with other streptococci species, has been identified as an attractive antigen for diagnosis and vaccine development because of its highly conservative tetra‐antennary structure. In this paper, a highly convergent [3 + 5] glycosylation strategy for efficient synthesis of an octasaccharide derivative related to GBC oligosaccharide unit II has been developed. In this synthesis, each glycosylation reaction was efficiently constructed with glycosyl imidates, especially trifluoroacetimidate, as donors, and each glycosidic bond was stereoselectively controlled via the neighboring group participation effect of acyl group on the 2‐O‐position of imidate donors or the solvent effect of Et2O. Furthermore, the aminoethylphosphate group was smoothly installed on the 6‐O‐position of d‐glucitol residue using the phosphoramidite method. After global deprotection, the target octasaccharide was successfully obtained from d‐glucitol in 29 steps with an overall yield of 1.37%. The free amino group installed on the aminoethylphosphate spacer of the target molecule enables its modification with functionalized biomolecules for further biological studies.
Design of Improved Antidiabetic Drugs: A Journey from Single to Multitarget Agents
Authors: Tassopoulou Vassiliki‐Panagiota , Tzara Ariadni , Kourounakis Angeliki P. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMultifactorial diseases exhibit a complex pathophysiology with several factors contributing to their pathogenesis and development. Examples of such disorders are neurodegenerative (e. g. Alzheimer's, Parkinson's) and cardiovascular diseases (e. g. atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, diabetes II). Traditional therapeutic approaches with single‐target drugs have been proven, in many cases, unsatisfactory for the treatment of multifactorial diseases such as diabetes II. The well‐established by now strategy of multitarget drugs is constantly gaining interest and momentum, as a more effective approach. The development of pharmacomolecules able to simultaneously modulate multiple relevant‐to‐the‐disease targets has already several successful examples in various fields and has, as such, inspired the design of multitarget antidiabetic agents; this review highlights the design aspect and efficacy of this approach for improved antidiabetics by presenting several examples of successful pharmacophore combinations in (multitarget) agents that modulate two or more molecular targets involved in diabetes II, resulting in a superior antihyperglycemic profile.
A Highly Fluorescent cis‐Stiff‐Stilbene
Authors: Hsu Ying‐Feng , Hong Jyun‐Wei , Yang Jye‐Shane 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBecause of the ultrafast C=C bond torsion and electrocyclic reaction in the excited state, cis‐stilbenes are generally nonfluorescent (Φf <10−4) in common solvents at ambient temperature. The known examples of highly fluorescent cis‐stilbenes are limited to those with the C=C configuration structurally locked. Herein we report a novel cis‐stiff‐stilbene c‐2 a that displays a high fluorescence quantum efficiency up to 0.47 in acetonitrile (MeCN) without sacrificing the photoisomerization ability. Through comparison with the corresponding aminostilbene c‐1 and positional isomer c‐2 b, the fluorescence turn‐on for c‐2 a takes root in two structural origins: namely, a rigid stilbene backbone that suppresses the cis→dihydrophenanthrene (DHP) photocyclization and a non‐twisted meta‐N,N‐dimethylamino (DMA) substituent that slows down the cis→trans photoisomerization. The corresponding trans isomers t‐1, t‐2 a, and t‐2 b are also investigated to gain insights into the meta‐DMA effect in stiff‐stilbene.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of adamantinoma‐like Ewing sarcoma: An unusual parotid tumor
Authors: Kakkar Aanchal , Bharati Vandna , Pulimala Shijitha , Kumar Rajeev , Bhalla Ashu Seith 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAdamantinoma‐like Ewing sarcoma (ALES) is a histological subtype of Ewing sarcoma that demonstrates the morphological and immunohistochemical features of the latter, harbors the EWSR1::FLI1 gene fusion, and additionally demonstrates complex epithelial differentiation on morphology and immunohistochemistry. Accurate preoperative diagnosis has potential to inform management and improve patient outcome. Cytomorphology of ALES is not well documented, with available reports showing a spectrum of features. An aspirate from a 30‐year‐old male with a swelling in right parotid region, interpreted elsewhere as acinic cell carcinoma (ACC), was submitted to us for review. Smears showed dispersed cells and loosely cohesive clusters with scant cytoplasm and large nuclei with focal nuclear molding, prompting a diagnosis of malignant neoplasm, possibly neuroendocrine carcinoma. Cytoplasmic vacuoles and tigroid background were present focally, the former of which had possibly led to interpretation as ACC. No material was available for ancillary tests. Parotidectomy revealed features of ALES. The cytological features of ALES in the parotid overlap with several basaloid and round blue cell neoplasms that are more common at this site. ALES should be considered in all salivary gland aspirates with isomorphic small round or basaloid cells, with or without the presence of squamous differentiation. Rosettes, cytoplasmic vacuoles, and a tigroid background are subtle morphological clues to the diagnosis, which if suspected on cytomorphology, can be confirmed using ancillary techniques.
Amino acids at position 5 in the peptide/MHC binding region of a public virus‐specific TCR are completely inter‐changeable without loss of function
Authors: Huisman Wesley , de Gier Melanie , Hageman Lois , Shomuradova Alina S. , Leboux Didier A.T. , Amsen Derk , Falkenburg J.H. Frederik , Jedema Inge 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAnti‐viral T‐cell responses are usually directed against a limited set of antigens, but often contain many T cells expressing different T‐cell receptors (TCRs). Identical TCRs found within virus‐specific T‐cell populations in different individuals are known as public TCRs, but also TCRs highly‐similar to these public TCRs, with only minor variations in amino acids on specific positions in the Complementary Determining Regions (CDRs), are frequently found. However, the degree of freedom at these positions was not clear. In this study, we used the HLA‐A*02:01‐restricted EBV‐LMP2FLY‐specific public TCR as model and modified the highly‐variable position 5 of the CDR3β sequence with all 20 amino acids. Our results demonstrate that amino acids at this particular position in the CDR3β region of this TCR are completely inter‐changeable, without loss of TCR function. We show that the inability to find certain variants in individuals is explained by their lower recombination probability rather than by steric hindrance.
Trichloroisocyanuric Acid (TCCA): A Suitable Reagent for the Synthesis of Selanyl‐benzo[b]chalcogenophenes
Authors: Blödorn Gustavo B. , Duarte Luis Fernando B. , Roehrs Juliano A. , Silva Márcio S. , Neto José S. S. , Alves Diego 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA new approach for the synthesis of 3‐organoselanyl‐benzo[b]chalcogenophenes promoted by trichloroisocyanuric acid is reported. The reaction was carried out with electrophilic selenium species which were generated in situ by the reaction between trichloroisocyanuric acid and diorganyl diselenides using ethanol as solvent. The developed method uses mild reaction conditions and was efficient for the synthesis of different 3‐organoselanyl‐benzo[b]chalcogenophenes in a good to excellent yields. Analysis of 77Se NMR spectroscopy indicates that the electrophilic PhSeCl was formed in situ and a plausible reaction mechanism was proposed.
Going beyond simplicity: Using machine learning to predict belief in conspiracy theories
Authors: Brandenstein Nils 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPublic and scientific interest in why people believe in conspiracy theories (CT) surged in the past years. To come up with a theoretical explanation, researchers investigated relationships of CT belief with psychological factors such as political attitudes, emotions, or personality. However, recent studies have put the robustness of these relationships into question. In the present study, a prediction‐based analysis approach and machine learning models are deployed to detect and remedy poor replicability of CT belief associations. The analysis of a representative dataset with 2025 UK citizens supports the assumption that the current simplicity of the field's analysis routine, exhibiting high sample‐specificity and neglecting complex associations of psychological factors with CT belief, may obscure important relationships. The results further point towards key components of conspiratorial mindsets like general distrust and low socio‐political control. Important implications for building a coherent theory of CT belief are derived.
All‐solid‐state Fluoride Ion‐selective Electrode using LaF3 Single Crystal with Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) as Solid Contact Layer
Authors: Yamada Tetsuya , Kanda Kaito , Yanagida Yasuko , Mayanagi Gen , Washio Jumpei , Takahashi Nobuhiro 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAn all‐solid‐state fluoride ion‐selective electrode (ISE) was prepared using LaF3 single crystal with poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) as the solid contact layer. In contrast to polymer‐based ISEs, crystalline membrane‐based ISEs have not been used for all‐solid‐state device, thereby prohibiting the integration of ISEs on a chip. The all‐solid‐state fluoride ISE developed in this study exhibited superior sensitivity (−56.0±0.9 mV/dec) and selectivity compared to those of conventional inner filling solution ISE. The effects of PEDOT as a solid contact layer were analyzed using chronopotentiometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, which revealed that PEDOT promoted electrode stability. The all‐solid‐state device can miniaturize the fluoride ISE and facilitate environmental, industrial, agricultural, and physiological monitoring.
Evaluation of cyclodextrin‐ and cyclofructan‐based chiral selectors for the enantioseparation of psychoactive substances in capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Ioannou Katerina A. , Christou Atalanti , Stavrou Ioannis J. , Schmid Martin G. , Kapnissi‐Christodoulou Constantina P. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDuring this study, a simple and easy‐to‐prepare electrophoretic method was developed for the enantioseparation of amphetamine and cathinone derivatives. Different types of β‐cyclodextrin and cyclofructan‐based chiral selectors (CSs), both native and derivatized, were utilized, and the most effective ones, in terms of resolution and analysis time, were identified. In addition, several electrophoretic parameters, such as background electrolyte concentration and pH, and CS concentration, were examined to optimize the separation conditions. Under the optimal electrophoretic conditions, 10 psychoactive substances were enantiomerically separated using 1 mM sulfated cyclofructan‐6 (SCF‐6) for the amphetamine derivatives and 1 mM sulfated cyclofructan‐7 (SCF‐7) for the cathinone derivatives dissolved in an aqueous solution of 20‐mM monobasic sodium phosphate at pH 2.5, a temperature of 25°C, and an applied voltage of 25 kV. In addition, the method was validated by estimating the intra‐ and interday precision.
Implanting MoS2 quantum dots on MgB2 nanosheets for lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Zhu Xiao‐Dong , Han Caidi , Zhang Jinhao , Mi Wanliang , Qin Yingtai , Gao Jian , Wu Jinting , Zou Ji‐Jun , Yang Xiaoxuan , Zhang Yong‐Chao , Wu Gang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAs a new generation of high‐efficiency energy storage devices, lithium–sulfur (Li–S) battery attract increasing attention. However, slow conversion kinetics of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and severe shuttle effect are bottlenecks. Developing efficient sulfur host materials to suppress the shuttling of LiPSs and accelerate their conversion kinetics is a general strategy to enhance the performance of Li–S batteries. Herein, MoS2 quantum dots (QDs)@MgB2 nanosheet was synthesized using a simple liquid‐phase mixing method. The MoS2 QDs not only inhibit the stacking of MgB2 nanosheets but also expose more unsaturated metal active sites, which can effectively improve the adsorption of LiPSs, accelerate its catalytic conversion and suppress its shuttle effect. Moreover, MgB2 nanosheets can be used as polypropylene (PP) separator modifier. The battery using MoS2 QDs@MgB2 as the sulfur host material and MgB2@PP as the separator has high rate capability and excellent stability. In addition, the discharge‐specific capacity shows a good application prospect.image