bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A biomechanical comparison between cement packing combined with extra fixation and three-dimensional printed strut-type prosthetic reconstruction for giant cell tumor of bone in distal femur
Authors: Hu Xin , Lu Minxun , Zhang Yuqi , Wang Yitian , Min Li , Tu Chongqi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The most common reconstruction method for bone defects caused by giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is cement packing combined with subchondral bone grafting and extra fixation. However, this method has several limitations involving bone cement and bone graft, which may lead to poor prognosis and joint function. A titanium-based 3D-printed strut-type prosthesis, featured with excellent biocompatibility and osseointegration ability, was developed for this bone defect in our institution. The goal of this study is to comparatively analyze the biomechanical performance of reconstruction methods aimed at the identification of better operative strategy.

Methods
Four different 3D finite element models were created. Model #1: Normal femur; Model #2: Femur with tumorous cavity bone defects in the distal femur; Model #3: Cavity bone defects reconstructed by cement packing combined with subchondral bone grafting and extra fixation; Model #4: Cavity bone defects reconstructed by 3D-printed strut-type prosthesis combined with subchondral bone grafting. The femoral muscle multiple forces were applied to analyze the mechanical difference among these models by finite element analysis.

Results
Optimal stress and displacement distribution were observed in the normal femur. Both reconstruction methods could provide good initial stability and mechanical support. Stress distributed unevenly on the femur repaired by cement packing combined with subchondral bone grafting and extra fixation, and obvious stress concentration was found around the articular surface of this femur. However, the femur repaired by 3D-printed strut-type prosthetic reconstruction showed better performance both in displacement and stress distribution, particularly in terms of the protection of articular surface and subchondral bone.

Conclusions
3D-printed strut-type prosthesis is outstanding in precise shape matching and better osseointegration. Compared to cement packing and extra fixation, it can provide the almost same support and fixation stiffness, but better biomechanical performance and protection of subchondral bone and articular cartilage. Therefore, 3D-printed strut-type prosthetic reconstruction combined with subchondral bone grafting may be evaluated as an alternative for the treatment of GCTBs in distal femur.
Decidualized ovarian endometrioma mimicking malignancy in pregnancy: a case report and literature review
Authors: Yin Min , Wang Tao , Li Sijian , Zhang Xinyue , Yang Jiaxin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Ovarian endometrioma is a common gynecologic disease among reproductive-aged women. Pregnancy-related hormonal status may lead to changes of decidualization, which may resemble ovarian malignancies in sonographic appearance. Here we present a case of decidualized ovarian endometrioma clinically mimicking malignant transformation.

Case presentation
A 37-year-old pregnant woman presented to our hospital at 25 + 5 weeks of gestation with a persistent left adnexal mass that was first detected on routine ultrasound in the first trimester. Transvaginal and transabdominal ultrasound showed a cystic mass of size 8.4 × 5.8 cm in the left ovary with abundant blood flow signals in the papillary medium echo of the capsule wall and inner wall, raising concern for malignant ovarian tumor. After a multidisciplinary discussion, the patient underwent laparoscopic left salpingo-oophorectomy. The results of the frozen section revealed decidualized endometrioma and the final histopathology confirmed endometrioma with extensive decidualization. The patient’s postoperative recovery was uneventful and she was discharged on the 4th postoperative day.

Conclusions
Decidualized ovarian endometrioma is rare. Sonography and magnetic resonance imaging are helpful for differential diagnosis. Conservative management of expectant management and serial monitoring should be adopted if decidualized endometriosis is suspected.
Selective pressure of endocrine therapy activates the integrated stress response through NFκB signaling in a subpopulation of ER positive breast cancer cells
Authors: Semina Svetlana E. , Pal Purab , Kansara Nidhi S. , Huggins Rosemary J. , Alarid Elaine T. , Greene Geoffrey L. , Frasor Jonna 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhile estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast tumors generally respond well to endocrine therapy (ET), up to 40% of patients will experience relapse, either while on endocrine therapy or after ET is completed. We previously demonstrated that the selective pressure of tamoxifen activates the NFκB pathway in ER + patient tumors, breast cancer cell lines, and breast cancer xenograft tumors, and that this activation allows for survival of a subpopulation of NFκB + cells that contribute to cell regrowth and tumor relapse after ET withdrawal. However, the mechanisms contributing to the expansion of an NFκB + cell population on ET are unknown.MethodsHere, we utilized single-cell RNA sequencing and bioinformatics approaches to characterize the NFκB + cell population and its clinical relevance. Follow-up studies were conducted to validate our findings and assess the function of the integrated stress response pathway in breast cancer cell lines and patient-derived models.ResultsWe found that the NFκB + population that arises in response to ET is a preexisting population is enriched under the selective pressure of ET. Based on the preexisting NFκB + cell population, we developed a gene signature and found that it is predictive of tumor relapse when expressed in primary ER + tumors and is retained in metastatic cell populations. Moreover, we identified that the integrated stress response (ISR), as indicated by increased phosphorylation of eIF2α, occurs in response to ET and contributes to clonogenic growth under the selective pressure of ET.ConclusionsTaken together, our findings suggest that a cell population with active NFκB and ISR signaling can survive and expand under the selective pressure of ET and that targeting this population may be a viable therapeutic strategy to improve patient outcome by eliminating cells that survive ET. Understanding the mechanisms by which breast cancer cells survive the selective pressure of ET may improve relapse rates and overall outcome for patients with ER + breast tumors.
The People’s Trial: supporting the public’s understanding of randomised trials
Authors: Finucane Elaine , O’Brien Ann , Treweek Shaun , Newell John , Das Kishor , Chapman Sarah , Wicks Paul , Galvin Sandra , Healy Patricia , Biesty Linda , Gillies Katie , Noel-Storr Anna , Gardner Heidi , O’Reilly Mary Frances , Devane Declan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Randomised trials are considered the gold standard in providing robust evidence on the effectiveness of interventions. However, there are relatively few initiatives to help increase public understanding of what randomised trials are and why they are important. This limits the overall acceptance of and public participation in clinical trials. The People’s Trial aims to help the public learn about randomised trials, to understand why they matter, and to be better equipped to think critically about health claims by actively involving them in all aspects of trial design. This was done by involving the public in the design, conduct, and dissemination of a randomised trial.

Methods
Using a reflexive approach, we describe the processes of development, conduct, and dissemination of The People’s Trial.

Results
Over 3000 members of the public, from 72 countries, participated in The People’s Trial. Through a series of online surveys, the public designed a trial called The Reading Trial. They chose the question the trial would try to answer and decided the components of the trial question. In December 2019, 991 participants were recruited to a trial to answer the question identified and prioritised by the public, i.e. ‘Does reading a book in bed make a difference to sleep in comparison with not reading a book in bed?’ We report the processes of The People’s Trial in seven phases, paralleling the steps of a randomised trial, i.e. question identification and prioritisation, recruitment, randomisation, trial conduct, data analysis, and sharing of findings. We describe the decisions we made, the processes we used, the challenges we encountered, and the lessons we learned.

Conclusion
The People’s Trial involved the public successfully in the design, conduct, and dissemination of a randomised trial demonstrating the potential for such initiatives to help the public learn about randomised trials, to understand why they matter, and to be better equipped to think critically about health claims.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.govNCT04185818. Registered on 4 December 2019
Sociodemographic and health factors associated with the risk of financial catastrophe when informal care for patients with haematological neoplasms is replaced by formal care
Authors: del Pozo-Rubio Raúl , Ortega-Ortega Marta 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Cancer is one of the diseases with the highest incidence and mortality in the world, and one that requires greater care (formal and informal). At present, the traditional informal caregiver is disappearing. The objective is to analyse the sociodemographic and health factors associated with the possible catastrophic financial effect on households of replacing informal care by formal care for patients with blood cancer, during the different stages of treatment in Spain.

Methods
A total of 139 patients with haematological neoplasm who underwent stem cell transplantation completed a longitudinal questionnaire during each of three treatment phases. Of this population, 88.49% received informal care. The households were classified into those where the replacement of informal care with formal care would impose a financial burden exceeding 40% of equivalent household income, versus those who would not suffer this consequence. Three logistic regression models (one for each treatment phase) were estimated and the corresponding marginal effects determined.

Results
The factors associated with a higher probability of financial catastrophe were married marital status, low education level, fair to very poor self-perceived health status, the diagnosis of leukaemia in the pre-transplant and first-year post-transplant phases and of multiple myeloma disease in the final post-transplant phase.

Conclusions
These findings reveal the need to design social policies to meet the care needs of patients with blood cancer which at present are covered by informal care. Given the foreseeable elimination of this option, these families must be protected from the financial burden incurred from the use of privately-contracted assistance.
REalist Synthesis Of non-pharmacologicaL interVEntions for antipsychotic-induced weight gain (RESOLVE) in people living with severe mental illness (SMI)
Authors: Maidment Ian D. , Wong Geoffrey , Duddy Claire , Upthegrove Rachel , Oduola Sheri , Robotham Dan , Higgs Suzanne , Ahern Amy , Birdi Gurkiran 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
People with severe mental illnesses (SMI) such as schizophrenia die on average 15 to 20 years earlier than everyone else. Two thirds of these deaths are from preventable physical illnesses such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes, which are worsened by weight gain. Antipsychotics are associated with significant weight gain. In REalist Synthesis Of non-pharmacologicaL interVEntions (RESOLVE), a realist synthesis, combining primary and secondary data, will be used to understand and explain how, why, for whom, and in what contexts non-pharmacological interventions can help service users to manage antipsychotic-induced weight gain.

Methods
A five-step approach will be used to develop guidance:
1. Developing the initial programme theory
An initial (candidate) programme theory, which sets out how and why outcomes occur within an intervention, will be developed.
2. Developing the search
The initial programme theory will be refined using academic and grey literature. The proposed initial sampling frame are as follows:
Context: people living with SMI, taking antipsychotics, different types of SMI.
Intervention: non-pharmacological interventions.
Mechanisms: triggered by the intervention.
Outcomes e.g. weight, metabolic adverse events, quality of life, adherence, burden, economic.
Searching for relevant documents will continue until sufficient data is found to conclude that the refined programme theory is coherent and plausible. Lived experience (service users) and stakeholder (practitioners) groups will provide feedback.
3. Selection, appraisal and data extraction
Documents will be screened against inclusion and exclusion criteria. The text extracted from these documents will be coded as contexts, mechanisms and their relationships to outcomes.
4. Primary data collection
Realist interviews with up to 30 service users and informal carers, and 20 practitioners will gather data to support, refute or refine the programme theory.
5. Data analysis
A realist logic of analysis will be used to develop and refine the programme theory from secondary and primary data. The analysis will aim to identify practical intervention strategies to change contexts so that key mechanisms are triggered to produce desired outcomes. Guidance will be produced based on these strategies.

Discussion
This realist synthesis aims to develop guidance for service users and practitioners on the most appropriate interventional strategies to manage and limit antipsychotic weight gain.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO: CRD42021268697
Optimal bounds for Seiffert-like elliptic integral mean by harmonic, geometric, and arithmetic means
Authors: Zhang Fan , Qian Weimao , Xu Hui Zuo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this article, we present the optimal bounds for a special elliptic integral mean in terms of the harmonic combinations of harmonic, geometric, and arithmetic means. As consequences, several new bounds for the complete elliptic integral of the second kind are discovered, which are the improvements of many previously known results.
Treating PTSD with Imagery Rescripting in underweight eating disorder patients: a multiple baseline case series study
Authors: ten Napel-Schutz Marieke C. , Vroling Maartje , Mares Suzanne H. W. , Arntz Arnoud 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundEating disorder patients with posttraumatic stress disorder have worse treatment results regarding their eating disorder than patients without posttraumatic stress disorder. Many eating disorder patients with co-morbid posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms are not treated for posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms during an underweight state. We propose that treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder is possible for underweight patients and that their trauma symptoms decrease with the use of Imagery Rescripting. We also investigated whether treatment of trauma influences eating disorder pathology in general and the process of weight gain specifically.MethodTen patients in clinical treatment (BMI 14–16.5) participated. A multiple baseline design was used, with baseline varying from 6 to 10 weeks, a 6-week treatment phase, a 3-week follow-up period and a 3-month follow-up measurement. Data were analysed with mixed regression.ResultsEvidence was found that Imagery Rescripting had strong positive effects on posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms without interfering with eating disorder treatment. Positive effects were also found on a range of secondary emotional and cognitive measures.ConclusionImagery Rescripting of traumatic memories is a possible and safe intervention for underweight eating disorder patients. It also had positive clinical effects.Trial registrationNetherlands trial register (NTR) Trial NL5906 (NTR6094). Date of registration 09/23/2016.https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/5906.
A community partnership to evaluate the feasibility of addressing food insecurity among adult patients in an urban healthcare system
Authors: Scher Katherine , Sohaki Aaron , Tang Amy , Plum Alexander , Taylor Mackenzie , Joseph Christine 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundFood insecurity (FI) is a significant public health problem. Possible sequelae of prolonged food insecurity include kidney disease, obesity, and diabetes. Our objective was to assess the feasibility of a partnership between Henry Ford Health System (HFHS) and Gleaners Community Foodbank of Southeastern Michigan to implement and evaluate a food supplementation intervention initiated in a hospital outpatient clinic setting.MethodsWe established a protocol for using the Hunger Vital Signs to screen HFHS internal medicine patients for food insecurity and established the data sharing infrastructure and agreements necessary for an HFHS-Gleaners partnership that would allow home delivery of food to consenting patients. We evaluated the food supplementation program using a quasi-experimental design and constructing a historical comparison group using the electronic medical record. Patients identified as food insecure through screening were enrolled in the program and received food supplementation twice per month for a total of 12 months, mostly by home delivery. The feasibility outcomes included successful clinic-based screening and enrollment and successful food delivery to consenting patients. Our evaluation compared healthcare utilization between the intervention and historical comparison group during a 12-month observation period using a difference-in-differences (DID) analysis.ResultsOf 1691 patients screened, 353 patients (20.9%) met the criteria for FI, of which 340/353 (96.3%) consented, and 256/340 (75.3%) were matched and had data sufficient for analysis. Food deliveries were successfully made to 89.9% of participant households. At follow-up, the intervention group showed greater reductions in emergency department visits than the comparison group, −41.5% and −25.3% reduction, respectively. Similar results were observed for hospitalizations, −55.9% and −17.6% reduction for intervention and control groups, respectively. DID regression analysis also showed lower trends in ED visits and hospitalizations for the intervention group compared to the comparison group.ConclusionsResults suggest that community-health system partnerships to address patient-reported food insecurity are feasible and potentially could reduce healthcare utilization in these patients. A larger, randomized trial may be the next step in fully evaluating this intervention, perhaps with more outcomes (e.g., medication adherence), and additional covariates (e.g., housing insecurity and financial strain).
Trends in Late Mortality and Life Expectancy After Autologous Blood or Marrow Transplantation Over Three Decades: A BMTSS Report
Authors: Bhatia Smita , Dai Chen , Landier Wendy , Hageman Lindsey , Wu Jessica , Schlichting Elizabeth , Siler Arianna , Funk Erin , Hicks Jessica , Lim Shawn , Balas Nora , Bosworth Alysia , Te Hok Sreng , Francisco Liton , Bhatia Ravi , Salzman Donna , Goldman Frederick D. , Forman Stephen J. , Weisdorf Daniel J. , Wong F. Lennie , Armenian Saro H. , Arora Mukta 
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE We determined trends in life expectancy and cause-specific late mortality after autologous blood or marrow transplantation (BMT) performed over a 30-year period, using the BMT Survivor Study. METHODS We constructed a cohort of 4,702 individuals with hematologic neoplasms who lived ≥ 2 years after autologous BMT performed between 1981 and 2014 at three transplant centers. The end of follow-up was April 19, 2021. The primary exposure variable was autologous BMT performed in four eras: 1981-1999; 2000-2005; 2006-2010; and 2011-2014. Vital status and cause of death were obtained from National Death Index Plus program and Accurinct databases. RESULTS The median age at BMT was 53 years (range, 0-78 years), 58.7% were male, 67.8% were non-Hispanic White, and 28.3% had undergone transplantation between 2011 and 2014. Autologous BMT recipients experienced a 7-year reduction in life expectancy. The adjusted hazard of 5-year all-cause mortality declined over the four eras (reference: 1981-1999; hazard ratio [HR]2000-2005 = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.94; HR2006-2010 = 0.64; 95% CI, 0.51 to 0.79; HR2011-2014 = 0.56; 95% CI, 0.45 to 0.71; Ptrend < .001), as did years of life lost (5.0 years to 1.6 years). The reduction in all-cause mortality was most pronounced among those transplanted for Hodgkin lymphoma or plasma cell dyscrasias, but was not observed among those transplanted for non-Hodgkin lymphoma or those conditioned with total-body irradiation. We also observed a decline in late deaths because of infection ( Ptrend < .0001; primarily for BMTs before 2006) and subsequent neoplasms ( Ptrend = .03; confined to decline in therapy-related myeloid neoplasm–related mortality) but not because of cardiovascular or renal disease. CONCLUSION Late mortality among autologous BMT recipients has declined over a 30-year period. However, ongoing efforts are needed to mitigate development of infections, subsequent neoplasms, and cardiovascular and renal disease to further reduce late mortality.
Atorvastatin Entrapped Noisome (Atrosome): Green Preparation Approach for Wound Healing
Authors: Abootorabi Shidrokh , Akbari Jafar , Saeedi Majid , Seyedabadi Mohammad , Ranaee Mohammad , Asare-Addo Kofi , Nokhodchi Ali 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe present study aimed to formulate atorvastatin niosome (Atrosome) through an ultrasonic technique and to determine its contribution to the extent of wound healing in an animal model. The optimized Atrosome formulation (Atrosome-2) was stable at 4 °C for 3 months. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), ATR-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis revealed that atorvastatin (ATR) was well encapsulated within the niosomes either in a stabilized amorphous form or a molecularly dispersed state. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force microscope (AFM) confirmed the spherical nature of the Atrosomes. The optimized formulation showed polydispersity index, particle size, drug encapsulation efficiency (EE%), and zeta potential of 0.457 ± 0.05, 196.33 ± 6.45 nm, 86.15 ± 0.58 %, and − 20.73 ± 0.98 mV, respectively. ATR release from the Atrosome gel followed the first-order kinetic model and showed no cytotoxicity in the in vitro cytotoxicity test. Cell viability (human foreskin fibroblast cell line) was nearly 99%. An excision wound model was also applied in male Wistar rats to examine the in vivo efficacy of the optimized formulation, followed by investigating malondialdehyde (MDA, an end-product of lipid peroxidation), superoxide dismutase (SOD, an endogenous antioxidant), hydroxyproline levels, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in skin tissue samples. MDA significantly decreased in the Atrosome gel group after 21 days, while GPx, SOD, and hydroxyproline levels demonstrated an increase. According to histological results, rats receiving Atrosomes were treated effectively faster when compared to the other formulation used.