bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Oculus Rift S tracking system in room scale virtual reality
Authors: Monica Riccardo , Aleotti Jacopo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn specific virtual reality applications that require high accuracy it may be advisable to replace the built-in tracking system of the HMD with a third party solution. The purpose of this research work is to evaluate the accuracy of the built-in tracking system of the Oculus Rift S Head Mounted Display (HMD) in room scale environments against a motion capture system. In particular, an experimental evaluation of the Oculus Rift S inside-out tracking technology was carried out, compared to the performance of an outside-in tracking method based on the OptiTrack motion capture system. In order to track the pose of the HMD using the motion capture system the Oculus Rift S was instrumented with passive retro-reflective markers and calibrated. Experiments have been performed on a dataset of multiple paths including simple motions as well as more complex paths. Each recorded path contained simultaneous changes in both position and orientation of the HMD. Our results indicate that in room-scale environments the average translation error for the Oculus Rift S tracking system is about $$1.83$$

1.83

cm, and the average rotation error is about $$0.77^\circ$$

0
.

77
∘

, which is 2 orders of magnitude higher than the performance that can be achieved using a motion capture system.
Randomised one-step time integration methods for deterministic operator differential equations
Authors: Lie Han Cheng , Stahn Martin , Sullivan T. J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUncertainty quantification plays an important role in problems that involve inferring a parameter of an initial value problem from observations of the solution. Conrad et al. (Stat Comput 27(4):1065–1082, 2017) proposed randomisation of deterministic time integration methods as a strategy for quantifying uncertainty due to the unknown time discretisation error. We consider this strategy for systems that are described by deterministic, possibly time-dependent operator differential equations defined on a Banach space or a Gelfand triple. Our main results are strong error bounds on the random trajectories measured in Orlicz norms, proven under a weaker assumption on the local truncation error of the underlying deterministic time integration method. Our analysis establishes the theoretical validity of randomised time integration for differential equations in infinite-dimensional settings.
Impact and clutch nonlinearities in the seismic response of inerto-rocking systems
Authors: Zhang Y. , Thiers-Moggia R. , Málaga-Chuquitaype C. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRocking bodies can be found at all structural scales, from small museum exhibits to uplifting buildings. These structures, whose dynamic stability springs from the difficulty of mobilizing their rotational inertia, are ideal candidates for benefiting from the supplemental inertia provided by inerters. This benefit can be limited, however, if the inerter drives the structural response towards potentially undesirable motions by transferring back the kinetic energy accumulated within it at inconvenient times. To control this phenomenon, a clutching system can be employed to direct the interaction between the interter and the structure improving further its dynamic behaviour. To date, however, most of the studies dealing with clutching inerto-elastic or inerto-rocking systems under seismic excitation have adopted a rather simplistic idealisation of the clutch engagement-disengagement response. In this paper, we re-visit the impact effects on inerto-rocking structures and propose an improved mechanistic model of the clutching system. First, the effects of the inerter on the transition upon impact and the impact effects on the acceleration response of rocking blocks are analysed. Then, a set of original analytical expressions for rigid and flexible rocking structures equipped with a pair of clutched inerters are derived. The newly proposed models are used to examine the evolution of the energy dissipation in the device and the influence of key parameters like the clutch stiffness, gears play, viscous damping and dry friction on its response. We conclude by evaluating the behaviour of the detailed rocking model with clutched inerters to a set of realistic earthquake ground motions. Although important differences are observed in the evolution of energy dissipation and engagement response depending on the type and characteristics of the clutch model, largely comparable peak values of displacement are obtained. On the other hand, a more accurate representation of the clutch behaviour leads to potentially larger acceleration demands. Our analyses also show that, in general, the inclusion of the inerter results in higher coefficients of restitution, indicating lower energy dissipation during impact and that the infinite acceleration spikes predicted by Housner’s model can be ignored if impact forces are sufficiently distributed over time as to cause continuous velocity transitions, but sharp enough not to appreciably affect the rotation response.
From Reality to World. A Critical Perspective on AI Fairness
Authors: John-Mathews Jean-Marie , Cardon Dominique , Balagué Christine 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFairness of Artificial Intelligence (AI) decisions has become a big challenge for governments, companies, and societies. We offer a theoretical contribution to consider AI ethics outside of high-level and top-down approaches, based on the distinction between “reality” and “world” from Luc Boltanski. To do so, we provide a new perspective on the debate on AI fairness and show that criticism of ML unfairness is “realist”, in other words, grounded in an already institutedrealitybased on demographic categories produced by institutions. Second, we show that the limits of “realist” fairness corrections lead to the elaboration of “radical responses” to fairness, that is, responses that radically change the format of data. Third, we show that fairness correction is shifting to a “domination regime” that absorbs criticism, and we provide some theoretical and practical avenues for further development in AI ethics. Using an ad hoccritical spacestabilized by reality tests alongside the algorithm, we build a shared responsibility model which is compatible with the radical response to fairness issues. Finally, this paper shows the fundamental contribution of pragmatic sociology theories, insofar as they afford a social and political perspective on AI ethics by giving an active role to material actors such as database formats on ethical debates. In a context where data are increasingly numerous, granular, and behavioral, it is essential to renew our conception of AI ethics on algorithms in order to establish new models of responsibility for companies that take into account changes in the computing paradigm.
Semi-automation of gesture annotation by machine learning and human collaboration
Authors: Ienaga Naoto , Cravotta Alice , Terayama Kei , Scotney Bryan W. , Saito Hideo , Busà M. Grazia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGesture and multimodal communication researchers typically annotate video data manually, even though this can be a very time-consuming task. In the present work, a method to detect gestures is proposed as a fundamental step towards a semi-automatic gesture annotation tool. The proposed method can be applied to RGB videos and requires annotations of part of a video as input. The technique deploys a pose estimation method and active learning. In the experiment, it is shown that if about 27% of the video is annotated, the remaining parts of the video can be annotated automatically with an F-score of at least 0.85. Users can run this tool with a small number of annotations first. If the predicted annotations for the remainder of the video are not satisfactory, users can add further annotations and run the tool again. The code has been released so that other researchers and practitioners can use the results of this research. This tool has been confirmed to work in conjunction with ELAN.
International teaching internships for future teachers: potential and challenges for learning
Authors: Mantel Carola , Kamm Esther , Bieri Buschor Christine 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInternationalisation of the higher education system continues to have a strong impact on national education policies. From an international perspective, learning to teach in globally competent and culturally responsive ways is a core element of teacher education. For this purpose, academically and practice-oriented student teacher exchange programmes have been established. It is often taken for granted that corresponding internships abroad offer positive learning experiences, but research shows that these expectations are frequently not met. This paper; therefore, investigates if and how learning takes place in multi-week international internships, what shapes, enables, limits or obstructs this learning. The investigation is based on a qualitative-hermeneutic approach with data collected from group discussions and analysed according to the documentary method. The analyses led to two ‘ideal types’: the first is based on learning from contrasts and includes sub-types in which the student teachers’ perceptions and interpretations are differentiated or distanced to a greater or lesser extent. The second ideal type, in which learning takes place through challenges, is also divided into sub-types which differ in the degree of self-efficacy experienced by the students. The paper concludes with some suggestions on how pre-service teachers can be supported so that the learning potential of their internships can be exploited more fully.
High-LD SNP markers exhibiting pleiotropic effects on salt tolerance at germination and seedlings stages in spring wheat
Authors: Hasseb Nouran M. , Sallam Ahmed , Karam Mohamed A. , Gao Liangliang , Wang Richard R. C. , Moursi Yasser S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Key message
Salt tolerance at germination and seedling growth stages was investigated. GWAS revealed nine genomic regions with pleiotropic effects on salt tolerance. Salt tolerant genotypes were identified for future breeding program.

Abstract
With 20% of the irrigated land worldwide affected by it, salinity is a serious threat to plant development and crop production. While wheat is the most stable food source worldwide, it has been classified as moderately tolerant to salinity. In several crop plants; such as barley, maize and rice, it has been shown that salinity tolerance at seed germination and seedling establishment is under polygenic control. As yield was the ultimate goal of breeders and geneticists, less attention has been paid to understanding the genetic architecture of salt tolerance at early stages. Thus, the genetic control of salt tolerance at these stages is poorly understood relative to the late stages. In the current study, 176 genotypes of spring wheat were tested for salinity tolerance at seed germination and seedling establishment. Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) has been used to identify the genomic regions/genes conferring salt tolerance at seed germination and seedling establishment. Salinity stress negatively impacted all germination and seedling development parameters. A set of 137 SNPs showed significant association with the traits of interest. Across the whole genome, 33 regions showed high linkage disequilibrium (LD). These high LD regions harbored 15 SNPs with pleiotropic effect (i.e. SNPs that control more than one trait). Nine genes belonging to different functional groups were found to be associated with the pleiotropic SNPs. Noteworthy, chromosome 2B harbored the gene TraesCS2B02G135900 that acts as a potassium transporter. Remarkably, one SNP marker, reported in an early study, associated with salt tolerance was validated in this study. Our findings represent potential targets of genetic manipulation to understand and improve salinity tolerance in wheat.
Leaf rolling dynamics for atmospheric moisture harvesting in wheat plant as an adaptation to arid environments
Authors: Merrium Sabah , Ali Zulfiqar , Tahir Muhammad Hammad Nadeem , Habib-ur-Rahman Muhammad , Hakeem Sadia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPlant species surviving in the arid regions have developed novel leaf features to harvest atmospheric water. Before the collected water evaporates, it is absorbed and transported for storage within the tissues and move toward the root zone through the unique chemistry of leaf structures. Deep insights into such features reveal that similarities can be found in the wheat plant. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the leaf rolling dynamics among wheat genotypes and their relationships with moisture harvesting and its movement on the leaf surface. For this purpose, genotypes were characterized for leaf rolling at three distinct growth stages (tillering, booting, and spike emergence). The contact angle of leaf surface dynamics (adaxial and abaxial), water budget, and morphophysiological traits of genotypes were measured. The results indicate that leaf rolling varies from inward to twisting type among genotypes and positively affected the water use efficiency and soil moisture difference at all growth stages under normal and drought conditions. Results of wetting property (hydrophilic < 90°) of the leaf surface were positively associated with the atmospheric water collection (4–7 ml). The lower values of contact angle hysteresis (12–19°) also support this mechanism. Thus, genotypes with leaf rolling dynamics (inward rolled and twisted) and surface wettability is an efficient fog harvesting system in wheat for interception and utilization of fog water in drought-prone areas. These results can be exploited to develop self-irrigated and drought-tolerant crops.
Development and Measurement of the Treatment Perceptions Survey (TPS) for Clients with Substance Use Disorders
Authors: Teruya Cheryl , Joshi Vandana , Urada Darren , Trabin Tom , Iturrios-Fourzan Isabel , Huang Yu-Chuang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractStatistical reliability of the Treatment Perceptions Survey (TPS) questionnaire was examined using data from 19 California counties. The 14-item TPS was designed for clients receiving substance use disorder services at publicly funded community-based programs. The TPS is being used for evaluation of the State’s 1115 Medicaid Waiver, external quality review of county-based systems of care, and quality improvement efforts. The survey addresses four domains of access to care, quality of care, care coordination, and general satisfaction that each include multiple items, plus a single item focused on self-reported outcome. Reliability test results of the four domains as composite measures were statistically significant. General satisfaction ratings were the best predictor of self-reported outcome in a path analysis model, followed by ratings of care coordination and quality of care. Separate analyses of TPS data from clients receiving specialty mental health services suggest the questionnaire can also be used reliably in mental health settings.
Fun moments or consequential experiences? A model for conceptualising and researching equitable youth outcomes from informal STEM learning
Authors: Archer Louise , Calabrese Barton Angela M. , Dawson Emily , Godec Spela , Mau Ada , Patel Uma 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWhile there are many different frameworks seeking to identify what benefits young people might derive from participation in informal STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) learning (ISL), this paper argues that the sector would benefit from an approach that foregrounds equity and social justice outcomes. We propose a new model for reflecting on equitable youth outcomes from ISL that identifies five key areas: (1) Grounded fun; (2) STEM capital; (3) STEM trajectories; (4) STEM identity work; and (5) Agency+ . The model is applied to empirical data (interviews, observations and youth portfolios) collected over one year in four UK-based ISL settings with 33 young people (aged 11–14), largely from communities that are traditionally under-represented in STEM. Analysis considers the extent to which participating youth experienced equitable outcomes, or not, in relation to the five areas. The paper concludes with a discussion of implications for ISL and how the model might support ongoing efforts to reimagine ISL as vehicle for social justice.
HIV Testing Autonomy: The Importance of Relationship Factors in HIV Testing to People in Lusaka and Chongwe, Zambia
Authors: Kasoka Kasoka , Weait Matthew 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn recent times, informed consent has been adopted worldwide as a cornerstone to ensure autonomy during HIV testing. However, there are still ongoing debates on whether the edifice on which informed consent requirements are grounded, that is, personal autonomy, is philosophically, morally, and practically sound, especially in countries where HIV is an epidemic and/or may have a different ontological perspective or lived reality. This study explores the views of participants from Zambia. In-depth and focus group discussions were conducted at various locations in Lusaka and Chongwe, Zambia. Participants came from various demographics, including people living with HIV (PLHIV), healthcare professionals and workers, policymakers, pregnant women, churchgoers, teachers, rural-based persons, and police officers. Data were manually analysed by conducting inductive and deductive thematic analyses. Results show that participants were not in favour of HIV policies that promote personal autonomy at the expense of pursuit of the common good. Participants viewed interdependence, not autonomy, as an essential characteristic of being human. The participants’ views have a realistic potential to provide a contextual and appropriate ethical, respectful, and realistic foundation for HIV testing policies.
The decisive factor of hollow spherical network morphology of Nd1-xCexCo1-yCuyO3±δ perovskites towards soot oxidation
Authors: Uppara Hari Prasad , Singh Sunit Kumar , Labhsetwar Nitin Kumar , Murari Mudiyaru Subrahmanya , Dasari Harshini 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe perovskites Nd1-xCexCo1-yCuyO3 (x = 0–0.05, y = 0–0.1) have been synthesized using PVP-assisted sol–gel method and applied for soot oxidation reactions. XRD technique reveals the formation of orthorhombic phase with crystal volume of around ~ 214 Å3 and crystal size of ~ 25–40 nm. The interconnected nanoparticles with hollow spherical network morphology of particles are observed for the samples NdCoO3 (NC1) and Nd0.98Ce0.02Co0.95Cu0.05O3 (NC2) with particle sizes of around 300–500 nm. The samples experienced a charge transfer from ligand (O2−) to cobalt cation in UV region (210–260 nm) and also observed broad absorption bands in the visible region (380–600 nm). In addition, the bandgap energy of NC2 showed the lowest value (4.21 eV); as well as surface morphological advantage promoted the transport of surface-chemisorbed oxygen species in the inner and outer surface of catalysts surface due to the reducibility of the catalyst with the soot $$\left( {\frac{{{\text{O}}_{2}^{{{\text{x}} - }} }}{{{\text{O}}_{2}^{{{\text{x}} - }} + {\text{O}}^{2 - } }} = 0.90} \right)$$

O

2

x
-

O

2

x
-

+

O

2
-

=
0.90

. Furthermore, XPS results evidenced the higher content of Co2+ cation upon substitution of Ce/Cu into NC1, which successively formed more amount of Oβ-oxygen species. Remarkably, the perovskite NC2 showed the lowest soot oxidation temperature (T50% = 434 °C) among the investigated perovskites. Besides, the spherically networked morphology of NC2/NC1 samples also decided the soot oxidation process.
Acceptance of cosmetic surgery in adolescents: The effects of caregiver eating messages and objectified body consciousness
Authors: Őry Fanni , Láng András , Meskó Norbert 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCosmetic procedures are aimed at enhancing clients’ attractiveness by modifying their physical appearance. Women prefer cosmetic surgery more than men do, due to the ideal of leanness advertised by the media. Female adolescents, undergoing an emotionally unstable developmental stage, are particularly responsive to unrealistic beauty standards. The more they internalize cultural norms, the more they objectify their bodies. Young people’s views on their bodies are essentially influenced by the feedback received from their parents and other adults. The present study explored the impact of caregiver eating messages and objectified body consciousness on the acceptance of cosmetic surgery among Hungarian female students aged 14 to 19 years (M = 16.79, SD = 1.245). Self-report scales used to collect data in four secondary schools. The expected associations were tested with path analysis. Caregiver eating messages generally had an indirect positive impact on the acceptance of cosmetic surgery that was mediated by the shame component of objectified body consciousness. A direct impact was only shown by critical/restrictive caregiver messages and by the shame component of objectified body consciousness. The other two components of objectified body consciousness were unrelated to the acceptance of cosmetic surgery. In sum, caregiver messages on female adolescents’ appearance and eating habits have a formative role on their attitudes towards cosmetic surgery. Such messages predict their proneness to view their bodies as objects serving to meet certain beauty standards. The more they endorse such views, the more they are willing to consider cosmetic surgery to enhance their appearance.
Opinion mining from machine translated Bangla reviews with stacked contractive auto-encoders
Authors: Bodini Matteo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn the last years, online users have been sharing more and more opinions, reviews, and comments on the web. Opinion mining is the automatic process of getting the subject of such opinions, and recently it has been attracting great commercial and academic interest. Several methods were presented for performing opinion mining in Bangla language, however they reported limited performance. In the present article, we considered the only two publicly datasets available for opinion mining in the Bangla language. We machine translated the datasets into the English language and we preprocessed them by extracting textual frequency based features. Then, we designed two stacked contractive auto-encoders based architectures to perform opinion mining in Bangla language, one for each dataset. The classifiers were trained on the machine translated version on the two datasets in a stacked learning fashion. The proposed classifiers achieved improved performance, with respect to accuracy ($$\ge 96\%$$

≥
96
%

), precision ($$\ge 93\%$$

≥
93
%

), recall ($$\ge 94\%$$

≥
94
%

), and F1 score ($$\ge 94\%$$

≥
94
%

), reported in the past state of the art works. Furthermore, the experimental results showed that both the machine translation procedure and the stacked learning frameworks improved the final classification performance.