bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry, Ultrasonography, and Anthropometry Methods to Estimate Muscle Mass and Muscle Quality in Older Adults
Authors: Schemes Márcio Beck , Bach Simone de Azevedo , Machado Carlos Leonardo Figueiredo , Neske Rodrigo Rabuski , Schneider Cláudia Dornelles , Pinto Ronei Silveira 
Published: June 2022

Decreased muscle quality (MQ) may explain functional capacity impairments during aging. Thus, it is essential to verify the interaction between MQ and functional capacity in older adults. We investigated the relationship between MQ and functional capacity in older adults (n = 34; 66.3 ± 4.6 year). MQ was estimated by maximum strength of knee extensors normalized to thigh muscle mass. Maximum strength was assessed on an isokinetic dynamometer (peak torque), while dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), ultrasonography, and anthropometry were used to determine thigh muscle mass. Functional capacity was verified by 30-s sit to stand and timed up and go tests. Significant correlations were found between MQ assessed by DXA with 30-s sit to stand (r = .35; p < .05) and timed up and go (r = −.47; p < .05), and MQ assessed by anthropometry with timed up and go (r = −.41; p < .05), but not between MQ assessed by ultrasonography with functional capacity (p > .05). No significant relationship between muscle mass with functional capacity was observed. Thus, MQ assessed by DXA and MQ assessed by anthropometry may partially explain functional capacity in older adults. Interestingly, muscle mass alone did not explain performance in functional tests in this population.
Feasibility of a Novel Video Game-Based Electromyography Biofeedback System in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Krepkovich Eileen , Kaur Mandeep , Mangum L. Colby , Saliba Susan , Lichter Matthew , Olowin Aaron , Richardson Neal , Hart Joseph 
Published: June 2022

Context: A novel virtual game system Knee Biofeedback Rehabilitation Interface for game-based home therapy (KneeBright) was developed for strength training using integrated electromyography biofeedback of the quadriceps muscle to control the game. The study aimed to compare the KneeBright and electromyography biofeedback interface among patients with knee osteoarthritis. Design: Controlled before and after design. Methods: Nineteen patients with knee osteoarthritis took part in this laboratory-based study. Exercise sessions took place on 2 separate days. During session 1, participants used a conventional electromyography biofeedback system while performing 3 sets of lower body exercises with emphasis on maximal muscle activation, endurance, and precision. During session 2, participants used the KneeBright game to match the exercise sets in the first session. For both sessions, knee extension torque during the isometric muscle activation exercises and time to voluntary additional exercise were recorded. Patient engagement was assessed using the technology acceptance model and System Usability Score questionnaires. Results: The peak knee extension torque produced during the control exercise session and the KneeBright exercise session were positively correlated. Knee extension torque generated during KneeBright game exercise sessions was increased by an average of 25% compared to the control sessions (2.14 vs 1.77 N·m/kg, P = .02). The mean technology acceptance model score for the KneeBright system was 3.4/5 and the mean System Usability Score was 79, both indicating positive patient engagement. Conclusions: Patients using the KneeBright game produced greater knee torque than patients using the conventional system, had positive levels of engagement, and exercised longer with the KneeBright game.
Correlation Analysis of CML, sRAGE, and esRAGE and the Measure of Atherosclerosis of Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Liu Wenjun , Ji Yuqiang , Zhang Weiwei , Fang Fei , Cai Qin , Li Ying 
Published: June 2022

Objective. To investigate the correlation between CML, sRAGE, and esRAGE and the measure of atherosclerosis of coronary heart disease. Methods. From June 2019 to December 2021, there were 100 patients in all suffering from coronary heart disease (CHD) selected as the observation group. On the basis of Gensini score, they were divided into mild group (Gensini score < 12 points), moderate group (12 points ≤ Gensini score ≤60 points), and severe group (Gensini score > 60). Apart from that, 50 normal people staying in our hospital for physical examination were chosen as the control group in the meantime. N in each group was detected and compared ε-Carboxymethyl lysine (CML), soluble advanced glycation end product receptor (sRAGE), and endogenous secretory advanced glycation end product receptor (esRAGE). Pearson correlation coefficient was adapted to assay the relevance between CML, sRAGE, and esRAGE, as well as the degree of atherosclerosis in CHD. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to during the evaluation of the diagnosis of CML, sRAGE, and esRAGE, as well as their combined detection of severe atherosclerosis in CHD. Results. In contrast with the control group, the level of serum CML together with sRAGE in the observation group was considerably elevated, while the level of esRAGE appeared in a downward trend (

P

< 0.05). The level of serum CML and sRAGE was directly proportional to the measure of atherosclerosis in CHD, while the level of esRAGE was inversely proportional to the measure of atherosclerosis in CHD (

P

< 0.05). That is to say that serum CML and sRAGE were positive in matter of the measure of atherosclerosis in CHD, while esRAGE negatively appertains to the measure of atherosclerosis in CHD (

P

< 0.05). Serum CML, sRAGE, and esRAGE could effectively diagnose severe atherosclerosis in CHD, and the combined detection sensitivity (89.79%), specificity (77.16%), accuracy (86.12%), positive predictive value (86.63%), negative predictive value (88.59%), and area under ROC curve (AUC) (0.924) were higher (

P

< 0.05). Conclusion. CML and sRAGE, as well as esRAGE, are bound up with the degree of atherosclerosis in CHD, which is conducive to clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Aberrant Expression and Potency as a Cancer Immunotherapy Target of Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein Family, Livin/ML-IAP in Lung Cancer
Authors: Hariu Hiroyuki , Hirohashi Yoshihiko , Torigoe Toshihiko , Asanuma Hiroko , Hariu Midori , Tamura Yasuaki , Aketa Katsuyuki , Nabeta Chika , Nakanishi Katsuya , Kamiguchi Kenjiro , Mano Yoshinori , Kitamura Hiroshi , Kobayashi Junichi , Tsukahara Tomohide , Shijubo Noriharu , Sato Noriyuki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCD8+ CTLs have an essential role in immune response against tumor. Although an increasing number of tumor-associated antigens that can be recognized by CTLs have been identified from human tumors, a limited number of tumor-associated antigens is known in lung cancer. In addition, because some of them are expressed in noncancerous tissues, there exist limitations in their application to tumor immunotherapy. Livin/ML-IAP is one of recently identified inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family, which is overexpressed in melanoma cells. In this report, we show that Livin/ML-IAP is aberrantly expressed in many lung cancer cell lines and primary lung cancer tissues, whereas it is not detectable in normal tissues, including lung by reverse transcription-PCR methods. To identify HLA-A24-restricted T-cell epitopes of Livin/ML-IAP, eight peptides were selected from the amino acid sequence of this protein and screened for their binding affinity to HLA-A24. It was revealed that Livin7 peptide (amino acid sequence, KWFPSCQFLL) had the highest affinity to HLA-A24. By stimulating peripheral blood lymphocytes of HLA-A24-positive lung cancer patients with Livin7 peptide in vitro, the peptide-specific CTLs were successfully induced from four of five patients with Livin/ML-IAP-positive lung cancer but not from any of four patients without Livin/ML-IAP expression in their cancer tissues. Furthermore, the CTLs induced by Livin7 peptide showed cytotoxicity against Livin/ML-IAP+ lung cancer cell lines in an HLA-A24-restricted manner. Our data suggest that Livin/ML-IAP may be an excellent target antigen in immunotherapy for lung cancer and Livin7 peptide may serve as a potent peptide vaccine for HLA-A*2402+/Livin+ lung cancer patients.
Fas Ligand–Positive Membranous Vesicles Isolated from Sera of Patients with Oral Cancer Induce Apoptosis of Activated T Lymphocytes
Authors: Kim Jeong Whun , Wieckowski Eva , Taylor Douglas D. , Reichert Torsten E. , Watkins Simon , Whiteside Theresa L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjective: In patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma, a high proportion of T cells in the tumor undergo apoptosis, which correlates with Fas ligand (FasL) expression on tumor cells. The present study was done to identify mechanisms responsible for apoptosis of T cells seen in the peripheral circulation of these patients.Methods: Sera of 27 patients, normal donor sera, and supernatants of cultured normal or tumor cells were fractionated by size exclusion chromatography and ultracentrifugation to isolate microvesicles. The presence of microvesicle-associated FasL was studied by Western blots, blocking with anti-Fas reagents, and immunoelectron microscopy. Biological activities of microvesicles were tested including the ability to induce apoptosis of Jurkat and T-cell blasts. Semiquantitative analysis of FasL in microvesicles was correlated with caspase-3 activity, DNA fragmentation, cytochrome c release, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and TCR-ζ chain expression in lymphocytes.Results: FasL-positive (FasL+) microvesicles were detected in sera of 21 of 27 patients. Microvesicles contained 42 kDa FasL. These microvesicles induced caspase-3 cleavage, cytochrome c release, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduced TCR-ζ chain expression in target lymphocytes. Biological activity of the FasL+ microvesicles was partially blocked by ZB4 anti-Fas monoclonal antibody. Microvesicle-associated FasL levels correlated with the patients' tumor burden and nodal involvement.Conclusion: Sera of patients with active oral squamous cell carcinoma contain FasL+ microvesicles, which induce the receptor and mitochondrial apoptotic pathways in Jurkat and activated T cells.
Aberrant Methylation and Silencing of theBNIP3Gene in Colorectal and Gastric Cancer
Authors: Murai Masafumi , Toyota Minoru , Suzuki Hiromu , Satoh Ayumi , Sasaki Yasushi , Akino Kimishige , Ueno Masako , Takahashi Fumihiko , Kusano Masanobu , Mita Hiroaki , Yanagihara Kazuyoshi , Endo Takao , Hinoda Yuji , Tokino Takashi , Imai Kohzoh 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBNIP3 protein is a proapoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family that is expressed in hypoxic regions of tumors. To examine its role in the progression of gastrointestinal cancer, we examined the expression and DNA methylation status of BNIP3 gene in a panel of colorectal and gastric cancer cell lines. BNIP3 was not expressed in 14 of the 24 cell lines tested, and its absence was not caused by gene mutation or by altered expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1, a key transcription factor that regulates BNIP3 expression. On the other hand, methylation of the 5′ CpG island of BNIP3 was closely correlated with silencing the gene. Moreover, treating methylated cells with the methyltransferase inhibitor 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine restored hypoxia-induced expression of BNIP3 mRNA and protein, which in turn led to cell death. Aberrant methylation of BNIP3 was also detected in 66% of primary colorectal and 49% of primary gastric cancers, but not in normal tissue samples collected from areas adjacent to the tumors. Apparently, epigenetic alteration of BNIP3 is a frequent and cancer-specific event, which suggests that inactivation of BNIP3 likely plays a key role in the progression of some gastrointestinal cancers and that it may be a useful molecular target for therapy.
Quantitative Analysis of Melanoma-Induced Cytokine-Mediated Immunosuppression in Melanoma Sentinel Nodes
Authors: Lee Jonathan H. , Torisu-Itakara Hitoe , Cochran Alistair J. , Kadison Alan , Huynh Young , Morton Donald L. , Essner Richard 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Melanoma sentinel nodes (SN) show evidence of immunosuppression prior to tumor metastasis. Interleukin (IL)-10 and IFN-γ can induce dendritic cells (DC) that express immunosuppressive enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). The goals of this study are to evaluate the role of melanoma in SN immunosuppression and to assess reversibility of SN immunosuppression by a cytokine therapy.
Experimental Design: Fifty-seven clinical stage I/II melanoma patients underwent wide local excision and sentinel lymphadenectomy (WLE/SL), with removal of non-SN. In 21 patients, nodal RNA was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR for expression levels of IL-2, IL-10, IL-12, IFN-γ, and IDO genes. Among the remaining 36 patients, 15 received peritumoral injection of recombinant human granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) 2 to 5 days prior to WLE/SL. Lymph nodes (LN) from these 36 patients were assessed for T-cell area, DC area, and DC density.
Results: Of 21 patients whose nodal RNA was analyzed, 13 had residual melanoma at the primary site or a tumor-positive SN. In these patients, expression levels of IL-10 (P = 0.05), IFN-γ (P &lt; 0.05), and IDO (P = 0.06) were dramatically higher in SNs than non-SNs. This difference was not evident in the 8 patients without residual melanoma or SN metastasis. Of the 36 patients whose LNs were examined for histologic features, the 15 patients who received rhGM-CSF had significantly higher SN values of T-cell area, DC area, and DC density than those who did not receive rhGM-CSF.
Conclusions: Our data provide molecular evidence of cytokine-mediated SN immunosuppression that is associated with presence of melanoma. Furthermore, SN immunosuppression can potentially be reversed by a cytokine therapy.
Serum Levels of an Isoform of Apolipoprotein A-II as a Potential Marker for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Malik Gunjan , Ward Michael D. , Gupta Saurabh K. , Trosset Michael W. , Grizzle William E. , Adam Bao-Ling , Diaz Jose I. , Semmes O. John 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: We recently showed that protein expression profiling of serum using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF MS) has potential as a diagnostic approach for detection of prostate cancer. As a parallel effort, we have been pursuing the identification of the protein(s) comprising the individual discriminatory “peaks” and evaluating their utility as potential biomarkers for prostate disease.
Experimental Design: We employed liquid chromatography, gel electrophoresis and tandem mass spectroscopy to isolate and identify a protein that correlates with observed SELDI-TOF MS mass/charge (m/z) values. Immunodepletion, immunoassay, and Western analysis were used to verify that the identified protein generated the observed SELDI peak. Subsequent immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expression of the proteins in prostate tumors.
Results: An 8,946 m/z SELDI-TOF MS peak was found to retain discriminatory value in each of two separate data sets with an increased expression in the diseased state. Sequence identification by liquid chromatography-MS/MS and subsequent immunoassays verified that an isoform of apolipoprotein A-II (ApoA-II) is the observed 8,946 m/z SELDI peak. Immunohistochemistry revealed that ApoA-II is overexpressed in prostate tumors. SELDI-based immunoassay revealed that an 8.9-kDa isoform of ApoA-II is specifically overexpressed in serum from individuals with prostate cancer. ApoA-II was also overexpressed in the serum of individuals with prostate cancer who have normal prostate-specific antigen (0-4.0 ng/mL).
Conclusions: We have identified an isoform of ApoA-II giving rise to an 8.9K m/z SELDI “peak” that is specifically overexpressed in prostate disease. The ability of ApoA-II to detect disease in patients with normal prostate-specific antigen suggests potential utility of the marker in identifying indolent disease.
The Relationship between Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutations and Clinicopathologic Features in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancers
Authors: Tokumo Masaki , Toyooka Shinichi , Kiura Katsuyuki , Shigematsu Hisayuki , Tomii Kunitoshi , Aoe Motoi , Ichimura Kouichi , Tsuda Toshihide , Yano Masaaki , Tsukuda Kazunori , Tabata Masahiro , Ueoka Hiroshi , Tanimoto Mitsune , Date Hiroshi , Gazdar Adi F. , Shimizu Nobuyoshi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Recent studies reported that clinical responsiveness to gefitinib was associated with somatic mutation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene in non–small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). Here, we investigated the relationship between EGFR mutation and clinicopathologic features.
Experimental Design: EGFR mutational status of 120 NSCLCs was determined mainly in EGFR exons 18 to 21 by direct sequence and correlated with clinicopathologic parameters.
Results: EGFR mutations were present in 38 cases (32%) and the majority of mutations were in-frame deletions of exon 19 (19 cases) and a missense mutation in exon 21 (18cases). EGFR mutations were frequently associated with adenocarcinoma (P &lt; 0.0001), never smoker (P &lt; 0.0001), and female gender (P = 0.0001). Of interest, increasing smoke exposure was inversely related to the rate of EGFR mutation (P &lt; 0.0001). Multivariate analysis showed that smoking and histology were independent variables. Furthermore, gender difference was observed for the mutational location (P = 0.01) dominance of exon 19 for males and exon 21 for females. Twenty-one cases were treated with gefitinib and found that EGFR mutation was significantly related to gefitinib responsiveness (P = 0.002). In addition, median survival times of patients with and without EGFR mutations treated with gefitinib were 25.1 and 14.0 months, respectively. Patients with EGFR mutations had approximately 2-fold survival advantage; however, the difference was not significant.
Conclusions: We show that EGFR mutations were significantly related to histology and smoke exposure and were a strong predictive factor for gefitinib responsiveness in NSCLC.
Slug Expression in the E-cadherin Preserved Tumors Is Related to Prognosis in Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Uchikado Yasuto , Natsugoe Shoji , Okumura Hiroshi , Setoyama Tetsuro , Matsumoto Masataka , Ishigami Sumiya , Aikou Takashi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The expression of E-cadherin correlates with the development, progression, and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Slug, a member of the snail family of transcriptional factors, is a newly identified suppressive transcriptional factor of E-cadherin. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the clinical significance of E-cadherin and Slug expression in ESCC.
Experimental Design: Immunohistochemistry was used to investigate the expression of E-cadherin and Slug proteins in 203 patients with ESCC. The relationships between expression of these proteins and clinicopathologic factors, including prognosis, were analyzed.
Results: Positive expression of E-cadherin and Slug was observed in 43% and 48% of cases, respectively. The tumors with reduced E-cadherin expression or positive Slug expression invaded deeper, had more lymph node metastasis, and had more lymphatic invasion than the tumors with preserved E-cadherin expression or negative Slug expression. Slug expression significantly correlated with reduced E-cadherin expression. Sixty-seven of the 98 (68.4%) tumors with positive Slug expression had reduced E-cadherin expression (P = 0.0011). Patients with reduced E-cadherin expression or positive Slug expression had poor clinical outcomes. In the preserved E-cadherin group, the 5-year survival rate was better for patients who were negative for Slug expression than for those who were positive for Slug expression (P = 0.035). Multivariate analysis indicated that E-cadherin expression and Slug expression were not independent prognostic factors.
Conclusions: Evaluation of not only the expression of E-cadherin but also the co-expression of E-cadherin and Slug in preserved E-cadherin group is useful for predicting malignant properties of ESCC.
The L1 Cell Adhesion Molecule Is Induced in Renal Cancer Cells and Correlates with Metastasis in Clear Cell Carcinomas
Authors: Allory Yves , Matsuoka Yasuko , Bazille Céline , Christensen Erik Ilsø , Ronco Pierre , Debiec Hanna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurpose: The L1 cell adhesion molecule is overexpressed in many human carcinomas. The objectives of the study were to provide a comprehensive description of L1 distribution in human kidney and to establish the prognostic relevance of L1 expression in renal cell carcinomas (RCC).Experimental Design: Using two antibodies to the extracellular part and the cytoplasmic domain, respectively, we first compared L1 expression in normal kidney and renal tumors of diverse histopathologic origin, then we studied L1 expression together with tumor stage, grade, molecular prognostic biomarkers, and metastatic behavior.Results: In normal kidney, L1 immunoreactive with both antibodies was expressed in all epithelial cells originating from the ureteric bud except for intercalated cells. In renal tumors, L1 was mainly detected in those originating from cells that do not express L1 in the normal kidney [i.e., 33 of 72 clear cell RCC (ccRCC) and 25 of 88 papillary RCC (papRCC)]. Both in ccRCC and papRCC, L1 reacted only with the antibody to the extracellular domain, suggesting that the protein was truncated. In these carcinomas, L1 expression was strongly correlated with Ki-67 proliferation index (ccRCC, P = 0.0059; papRCC, P = 0.0039), but only in ccRCC, the presence of L1 was associated with the risk of metastasis (P = 0.0121). This risk was higher if cyclin D1 was concurrently absent in tumor cells (P &lt; 0.0001). The L1+/cyclin D1− profile was an independent prognostic factor of metastasis occurrence in multivariate analysis (P = 0.0023).Conclusion: We have found a combination of markers that can serve to identify a subgroup of high-risk patients with ccRCC that may require more aggressive therapies.