bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The efficacy and safety study of the combined use of platelet-rich plasma and fractional radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of post-acne scars
Authors: Blyumina V. A. , Ostretsova M. N. , Jardali N. A. 
Published: March 2022

Introduction.So far, a large number of skin scars treating methods have been proposed and tested. The use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is currently being considered as one of the most promising approaches to skin scar treatment.Aim.Clinical efficacy and safety evaluation of complex treatment of post-acne scars using PRP.Materials and methods.An open, randomized, prospective study was conducted in parallel groups. The study included 78 patients with post-acne scars, then randomized into 2 groups. Group 1: 36 patients receiving platelet-rich plasma (PRP); group 2: 42 patients receiving complex treatment with PRP and fractional radiofrequency ablation (PRP + FRF). PRP procedures using the micro-papular technique in group 1 were carried out 5 times with an interval of 2 weeks. The combination of PRP + FRF in group 2 was performed according to the following: the first procedure – FRF, two weeks later – PRP using the micro-papular technique. Then after 2 weeks FRF was performed again, and so on. The total number of procedures of both techniques was 10.Results and discussion.As a result of the treatment, in all patients with post-acne, the clinical indicators of the severity of skin scarring changes decreased significantly, while the most noticeable dynamics were common for patients in group 2. The scars assessment using the Vancouver scale showed that 6 and 12 months after treatment, the severity of objective components and the severity of subjective sensations decreased in most patients. The severity of their own attitude to persistent defects also decreased. Analysis of the frequency of adverse reactions during treatment and in the early period showed that there were no significant intergroup differences in individual adverse reactions. The overall frequency of adverse events in the long-term period also did not significantly differ.Conclusion.The results of the study indicate that the use of PRP in the complex treatment of scarring is a clinically effective and safe method of treatment and allows you to expand the range of therapeutic approaches for scarring skin deformities.
Violation of the skin barrier in patients with allergic dermatoses: causes, consequences, possibilities of correction
Authors: Tlish M. M. , Naatyzh Z. Yu. , Kuznetsova T. G. 
Published: March 2022

The article considers the topical dermatological issue concerning the breach of the integrity of the skin’s barrier in patients with allergic dermatosis. The horny layer of the skin in such patients can be broken as a result of numerous external causes: excoriations, injuries, allergens, irritants, etc. These factors, in turn, contribute to the activation of endogenous dermal proteases and decrease in the synthesis of epidermal lipids, which leads to reduced elasticity of corneocytes, increased intercellular spaces, and facilitates access for antigenic stimulants that promote the development of inflammation. The decrease in the skin’s barrier is accompanied by the development of immune inflammation, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines that inhibit the generation of antimicrobial factors, induce hyperplasia and apoptosis of keratinocytes. The integral approach plays a leading role in the treatment of the disease due to the specifics of the pathogenesis and course of allergic dermatoses. In the practice of a dermatologist, topical glucocorticosteroids occupy an important place. With their help, it is possible to quickly cope with the symptoms of inflammation in many dermatoses.The introduction presents current literature data on the role of skin ceramides in the restoration of the epidermal barrier. It is indicated that the epidermis of patients suffering from various dermatoses is characterized by a decrease in the production and dysfunction of physiological lipids, and, therefore, is prone to an increase in the incidence of pathological skin changes. Therefore, in allergic dermatoses, it is preferable to use products containing ceramides in their composition, which reduce transepidermal moisture loss, strengthen the structures of the epidermal barrier, and allow further elimination of relapses of the disease and improve the quality of life of patients.
Effect of Propeptide Mutations on the Directed Evolution of Rhizomucor
miehei Lipase
Authors: Wang Jue , Bai Rong , Wu Na , Zhang Yumin , Hu Lili 
Published: March 2022

Background:
A series of mutants of Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RML) screened through
four rounds of directed evolution were studied. Mutants' triglyceride hydrolysis activity was
assessed, and their genes were sequenced. Results showed that mutations in the propeptide can
improve the activity of RML during evolution. Two parts of propeptide (wild-type and mutant) and
mature region were connected by molecular simulation technology.

Methods:
The spatial structure of the most positive mutants containing the mutations in the
propeptide was mainly characterized by the increase in the opening angle of the lid structure in the
mature region of RML, the enhancement of the hydrophobicity of the active center, and the triad of
the active center shifted outward.

Results:
The three indexes above explain the mechanism of propeptide mutations on the activity
change of the target protein. In addition, statistical analysis of all the mutants screened in directed
evolution showed that: (1) most of the mutants with increased activity contained mutations of the
propeptide, (2) in the later stage of directed evolution, the number of active mutants decreased
gradually, and the mutations of inactivated protein mainly occurred in the mature region, and (3) in
the last round of directed evolution, the mutations distributed in the propeptide improved the mutant
activity further. The results showed that the propeptide reduced RML's evolutionary pressure and
delayed the emergence of the evolutionary platform.

Conclusion:
These findings reveal the role of propeptide in the evolution of RML and provide
strategies for the molecular transformation of other lipases.
Amine-Squaramide Catalyzed Asymmetric Michael Addition of Cyclic
Diketones and β,γ-unsaturated α-keto Esters
Authors: Liu Zhi-Jing , Ma Zhi-Wei , Chen Xiao-Pei , Wang Chuan-Chuan , Liu Jun-Tao , Tao Jing-Chao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
A novel tertiary amine squaramide has been successfully developed and applied to catalyze
the asymmetric Michael addition between cyclic diketones and β,γ-unsaturated α-ketoesters. The catalyst
system performed well with a low catalyst loading of 1 mol% under mild reaction conditions. A
series of synthetically and pharmaceutically useful chiral bicyclic compounds were obtained with both
high yields (up to 97%) and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 97% ee).
Design and Synthesis of Echitamine-inspired Hybrid Analogues Containing
Thiazolidinediones as Potential Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitors
Authors: George Ginson , Auti Prashant S. , Sengupta Pracheta , Paul Atish T. 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Obesity is a multifactorial metabolic disease characterised by excessive accumulation
of triglycerides. The prevalence and morbidity rates associated with obesity are increasing tremendously,
posing a significant risk to society. Pancreatic lipase (PL) is a key enzyme responsible for the
digestion of dietary triglycerides; hence its inhibition is considered an attractive target in obesity.

Methods:
In this present work, a new series of echitamine-inspired indole-based thiazolidinedione hybrid
analogues were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their in vitro PL inhibitory potential. The nature
of inhibition has been identified by enzyme kinetic analysis, whereas in silico molecular modelling tools
(molecular docking and dynamic studies) were used for the identification of the mode of action at the
catalytic site of PL (PDB ID: 1LPB). Fluorescence quenching was used for the identification of the interaction
between the potent analogues with PL.

Results:
The condensation reaction of substituted indole derivatives with TZD in the presence of aqueous
KOH resulted in the formation of the titled analogues. Analogues 7k and 7p displayed a potential PL inhibitory
activity (IC50 = 11.36 and 11.87 μM, respectively). A competitive mode of PL inhibition was
revealed in the enzyme kinetic analysis. A static quenching mechanism was exhibited by the screened
agents on PL. The obtained MolDock scores were aligned with the in vitro PL inhibitory activity (Pearson’s
r - 0.7575, p < 0.05). Moreover, the PL-ligand complexes were stable in the dynamic conditions.

Conclusion:
Analogue 7k exerted the potential activity, and further studies might result in novel lead
molecules.
Progress and Development of Carbazole Scaffold Based as Potential Anti- Alzheimer Agents Using MTDL Approach
Authors: Kumar Nitin , Gupta Pankaj , Bansal Sahil 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:Alzheimer’s is a neurodegenerative disease (NDs) found in old age people with associated most common symptom dementia. MTDLs (Multi-Target Direct Ligand strategy) is based on a combination of two or more bioactive pharmacophores into a single molecule and this phenomenon has received a great attention in the new era of modern drug discovery and emerging as a choice to treat this complex Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In last fifteen years, many research groups designed, and synthesized new carbazole integrated molecules linked with other bioactive pharmacophores like thiazoles, carvedilol, α- naphthylaminopropan-2-ol, tacrine, ferulic acid, piperazine, coumarin, chalcones, stilbene, benzyl piperidine, adamantane, quinoline, phthalocyanines, α-amino phosphonate, thiosemicarbazones, hydrazones, etc. derivatives using MTDLs approach to confront AD. The present review entails the scientific data on carbazole hybrids as potential Anti-Alzheimer activities from 2007 to 2021 that have shown potential anti-Alzheimer activities through multiple target pathways thereby promising hope for new drug development to confront AD.
Green Synthesis of MnO2 NPs Using Blumea lacera Leaf Extract and its
Antimicrobial Study
Authors: Morbale Smita T. , Patil Satish D. 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Green synthesis of nanoparticles has emerged as an interesting and expanding
research area due to environmental friendliness, non-toxicity, cleanliness, and cost-effectiveness. Moreover,
it can be performed at room pressure and temperature. Blumea lacera is described as a valuable medicinal
plant in many vital systems of medicines. The study explored the eco-friendly green synthesis of
MnO2 NPs using Blumea lacera leaf extract.

Methods:
Reduction of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) using Blumea lacera leaf extract was carried
out at room temperature. The crude extract of Blumea lacera was added to metal ion reagents of specific
volume and specific concentration at ambient temperature and stirred continuously using a magnetic stirrer.
The aqueous leaf extract reduced and stabilized the KMnO4 into MnO2 NPs. The MnO2 NPs obtained
from the solution were purified and separated by repeated centrifugation using Remi cooling centrifuge
model C-24.

Results:
The biosynthesized MnO2 NPs characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy showed an absorption
peak at 400 nm. The XRD studies revealed the spherical shape of MnO2 NPs with an average particle
diameter of 20 nm. FT-IR analysis confirmed the presence of functional groups -OH, C=O, C=C, and CH
triggering the synthesis of MnO2 NPs. Vibrational mode at around 606.62 and 438.81 cm−1 supports the
occurrence of the O–Mn–O bond.

Conclusion:
The synthesized MnO2 NPs were found to be good antibacterial and antifungal agents
against bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus, B. subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli, and fungal
strains C. albicans, Aspergillus niger, and Sclerotium rolfsii.
Machine-Aided Self-diagnostic Prediction Models for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Observational Study
Authors: Zigarelli Angela , Jia Ziyang , Lee Hyunsun 
Published: March 2022

Background
Artificial intelligence and digital health care have substantially advanced to improve and enhance medical diagnosis and treatment during the prolonged period of the COVID-19 global pandemic. In this study, we discuss the development of prediction models for the self-diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) using machine learning techniques.

Objective
We aim to develop self-diagnostic prediction models for PCOS in potential patients and clinical providers. For potential patients, the prediction is based only on noninvasive measures such as anthropomorphic measures, symptoms, age, and other lifestyle factors so that the proposed prediction tool can be conveniently used without any laboratory or ultrasound test results. For clinical providers who can access patients’ medical test results, prediction models using all predictor variables can be adopted to help health providers diagnose patients with PCOS. We compare both prediction models using various error metrics. We call the former model the patient model and the latter, the provider model throughout this paper.

Methods
In this retrospective study, a publicly available data set of 541 women’s health information collected from 10 different hospitals in Kerala, India, including PCOS status, was acquired and used for analysis. We adopted the CatBoost method for classification, K-fold cross-validation for estimating the performance of models, and SHAP (Shapley Additive Explanations) values to explain the importance of each variable. In our subgroup study, we used k-means clustering and Principal Component Analysis to split the data set into 2 distinct BMI subgroups and compared the prediction results as well as the feature importance between the 2 subgroups.

Results
We achieved 81% to 82.5% prediction accuracy of PCOS status without any invasive measures in the patient models and achieved 87.5% to 90.1% prediction accuracy using both noninvasive and invasive predictor variables in the provider models. Among noninvasive measures, variables including acanthosis nigricans, acne, hirsutism, irregular menstrual cycle, length of menstrual cycle, weight gain, fast food consumption, and age were more important in the models. In medical test results, the numbers of follicles in the right and left ovaries and anti-Müllerian hormone were ranked highly in feature importance. We also reported more detailed results in a subgroup study.

Conclusions
The proposed prediction models are ultimately expected to serve as a convenient digital platform with which users can acquire pre- or self-diagnosis and counsel for the risk of PCOS, with or without obtaining medical test results. It will enable women to conveniently access the platform at home without delay before they seek further medical care. Clinical providers can also use the proposed prediction tool to help diagnose PCOS in women.
Plant biomass of grasses in active restoration grasslands shows stronger association with its eco-physiological properties than native grasslands alongside degradation
Authors: Xu Danghui , Wang Xiejun , Mou Wenbo , Zhang Ruiying , Yao Guangqian , Yuan Jianli , Fang Xiang-Wen 
Published: March 2022

Grassland degradation can affect plant eco-physiological properties and
thus influence ecosystem productivity and ecosystem function. However,
how land degradation affects the relationship between plant biomass and
eco-physiological properties of active restoration grasslands and native
grasslands in alpine meadow is less understood. A series of degraded
grasslands (non-degraded, slightly degraded, moderately degraded,
heavily degraded and extremely degraded grasslands) and a series of
active restoration grasslands (active restored grasslands with different
growth time, 5 years, 9 years, 11 years, 14 years and 17 years) were
selected to investigate the relationship between eco-physiological
properties and aboveground biomass (AGB) of grasses alongside
degradation. Results showed that the AGB, net photosynthetic rate (Pn)
and plant nitrogen (N) concentration decreased significantly with
increased levels of degradation in native grasslands. Plant
photosynthetic capacity, plant N and phosphorus (P) concentration
significantly decreased at 9th year or longer than 9 years of replanting
time in active restoration grasslands. Plant eco-physiological
properties in active restoration grasslands shows stronger association
with its AGB than native grasslands. In native grasslands, degradation
affect AGB directly and through Pn indirectly. In active restoration
grasslands, degradation affect AGB directly and through Pn, plant N and
P indirectly. Our results indicated that through improving plant
nutrients to restore degraded active grasslands may be more effective
than to restore degraded native grasslands.
Obligatory military service in Iran: 21st-century slavery that harms the health of soldiers and society.
Authors: Moghadam Mohammad Reza Shadmand Foumani 
Published: March 2022

The Islamic Republic of Iran is one of few countries that still has an
active obligatory military service for 24 months. As far as we know,
this is the first study that reviewing Iran obligatory military service,
its health and life hazards for soldiers and compare it with slavery.
According to “National Law for Military Service in the Islamic
Republic of Iran” , all male citizens of the Islamic Republic of Iran
are obliged to perform military service during war and peace for 24
months. for this purpose and make sure male will join the service,
limitation established that deprecate nearly all the citizenship rights
if the males refuse to join the army. However, the harmful effects of
the current form of military service during the service that put the
health of soldiers in high danger can continue after the service, is the
other side of this service. in addition, it has a close pattern with
slavery in the 18 century that required a
significant revise based on a voluntary method that could significantly
improve both the morale of soldiers and the socio-economical state of
the country.
Keywords: soldiery, depression, health, human right, slave
Association Between High-Deductible Health Plans and Engagement in Routine Medical Care for Type 2 Diabetes in a Privately Insured Population: A Propensity Score–Matched Study
Authors: Wu You M. , Huang Jie , Reed Mary E. 
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVEHigh-deductible health plans (HDHPs) are increasingly more common but can be challenging for patients to navigate and may negatively affect care engagement for chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes. We sought to understand how higher out-of-pocket costs affect participation in provider visits, medication adherence, and routine monitoring by patients with type 2 diabetes with an HDHP.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSIn a retrospective cohort of 19,379 Kaiser Permanente Northern California patients with type 2 diabetes (age 18–64 years), 6,801 patients with an HDHP were compared with those with a no-deductible plan using propensity score matching. We evaluated the number of telephone and office visits with primary care, oral diabetic medication adherence, and rates of HbA1c testing, blood pressure monitoring, and retinopathy screening.RESULTSPatients with an HDHP had fewer primary care office visits compared with patients with no deductible (4.25 vs. 4.85 visits per person; P &lt; 0.001), less retinopathy screening (49.9% vs. 53.3%; P &lt; 0.001), and fewer A1c and blood pressure measurements (46.7% vs. 51.4%; P &lt; 0.001 and 93.2% vs. 94.4%; P = 0.004, respectively) compared with the control group. Medication adherence was not significantly different between patients with an HDHP and those with no deductible (57.4% vs. 58.6%; P = 0.234).CONCLUSIONSHDHPs seem to be a barrier for patients with type 2 diabetes and reduce care participation in both visits with out-of-pocket costs and preventive care without out-of-pocket costs, possibly because of the increased complexity of cost sharing under an HDHP, potentially leading to decreased monitoring of important clinical measurements.
Pengaruh Karakteristik Dewan Direksi terhadap Kinerja Bank Syariah
Authors: 14 Rizki Audio , Serly Vanica 
Published: March 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of the characteristics of the board of directors on the performance of Islamic banks. This study examines the characteristics of the board of directors in proxy Size of the board of directors, remuneration of the board of directors, frequency of board of directors meetings, age of the board of directors, educational background of the board of directors. This study uses a sample of Islamic banking registered with the OJK from 2015-2016. The results of this study found that the remuneration of the board of directors has a positive effect on the performance of Islamic banks, while the size of the board of directors, the frequency of board of directors meetings, the age of the board of directors, the educational background of the board of directors does not affect the performance of Islamic banks.
Pengaruh Kompleksitas Daerah, Ukuran Pemerintah Daerah dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi terhadap Kelemahan Sistem Pengendalian Internal Pemerintah Daerah
Authors: Andesti Melia , Agustin Henri 
Published: March 2022

The review is conducted with the purpose of acquiring empirical evidence related the effect of complexities of local goverment, the local size goverment and economic growth to internal control weakness. The population of this reseacrh are local goverment in Aceh and Sumatera Utara Province of 2017-2019. The sample were determined by using purposive sampling methode. Based on predetermined criteria, 156 local goverments hae been selected as samples.the kind of information use is secondary data from the report of local goverment finances from the audit board of BPK, and Gross Domestic Regional Product (PDRB) report. This reseacrh was carried out using multiple linear regression analysis with help of software SPSS version 25. The afterefects of this reseacrh showed that complexities of local goverment has a significant positive effect on internal control weakness, the local size goverment has a significant negative effect on internal control weakness. Meanwhile economic growth has not siginificant effect on internal control weakness.