bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between post‐traumatic stress symptoms and functional health among internally displaced people in Myanmar
Authors: Kim Go‐Un , Jung Eunyoung , Shim Mi‐So , Kim Gwang Suk 
Published: April 2022

Accessible SummaryWhat is known on the subject?

Internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Myanmar have been exposed to conflict and violence for a long time and experience physical, psychological and social problems.

Post‐traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) are more prevalent among IDPs than among general populations and refugees, and limited research is available on this topic among IDPs in Myanmar.

What the paper adds to existing knowledge?

More than one‐third of the IDPs in our sample from Myanmar camps had a high PTSS score. More than two‐thirds experienced traumatic events and left home after age 18.

The overall functional health of IDPs was poor, and the presence or absence of PTSS led to differences in the factors associated with functional health in each group.

Resilience and PTSS were associated with the functional health of IDPs in Myanmar. Further, functional health was positively correlated with levels of resilience among those relatively low in PTSS.

What are the implications for practice?

Mental health nurses need to assess IDPs’ health status and PTSS by first performing health screening at camps in Myanmar. Subsequently, tailored interventions can be provided according to individual health conditions and PTSS severity.

IDPs in Myanmar need psychological first aid to cope with the ongoing conflict and violence, and further mental health nurse training is necessary to implement this aid and tailored interventions for PTSS.

AbstractIntroductionInternally displaced persons (IDPs) are individuals forced to leave their homes and move within their country. Post‐traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) are prevalent in this population.AimTo investigate trauma symptoms and functional health of IDPs in Myanmar and identify the factors associated with their functional health according to the presence/absence of PTSS.MethodThis cross‐sectional study included 201 IDPs who completed a questionnaire on functional health, PTSS, resilience, social support and hope. The analysis included descriptive statistics, t‐tests, Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple linear regression with interaction analyses.ResultsOver one‐third of the participants had PTSS, with low functional health scores. The greater the resilience, the better the functional health. The higher participants’ PTSS, the poorer their functional health. There was a significant interaction between resilience and PTSS.DiscussionTailored resilience‐building programs, as well as health policies and services, are needed to enhance IDPs’ functional health and help them overcome PTSS.Implications for practicePsychological first aid should be provided to minimize PTSS experienced in situations of ongoing conflict and violence. Mental health nurses should be trained to assess IDPs’ health status and tailor interventions accordingly.
Gingival crevicular fluid lipocalin‐2 and semaphorin3A in stage III periodontitis: Non‐surgical periodontal treatment effects
Authors: Ceylan Merve , Erbak Yilmaz Huriye , Narin Figen , Tatakis Dimitris N. , Saglam Mehmet 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveIdentification of biomarkers to assess individual risk and monitor periodontal health status is important. Research on lipocalin‐2 (LCN2) and semaphorin3A (Sema3A) is lacking. This study aimed to evaluate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) LCN2, Sema3A, and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) levels in periodontally healthy (H), gingivitis (G), and periodontitis (P) patients, and their changes following non‐surgical periodontal therapy.MethodsSixty systemically healthy and non‐smoker participants, diagnosed as periodontally healthy, gingivitis, and stage III grade C periodontitis, were recruited (n = 20/group). Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded and GCF samples were obtained at baseline from all groups; for group P, these were repeated one and three months following non‐surgical periodontal treatment. GCF LCN2, Sema3A, and TNF‐α levels were evaluated with enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsGCF LCN2, Sema3A, and TNF‐α total amounts were significantly higher in disease groups than group H (p < .001). Between P and G groups, only TNF‐α levels were significantly different (p < .001). Non‐surgical periodontal therapy resulted in significant improvement of all clinical parameters and significant decreases of GCF LCN2 and TNF‐α levels, at both time points, compared with baseline (p < .001). Sema3A levels remained unchanged following treatment (p > .05). LCN2 and TNF‐α levels were significantly positively correlated with clinical parameters. LCN2 (AUC [area under the curve] = 0.94) and TNF‐α (AUC = 0.98) levels were similarly accurate in differentiating between periodontal disease (whether G or P) and healthy controls.ConclusionsLCN2 and TNF‐α levels in GCF are correlated with clinical parameters and could prove useful as non‐invasive screening tools for periodontitis.
Acoustic energy and cardiac electrophysiology: Ultrasonic cardiac pacing and novel shockwave ablation catheters
Authors: Allam Chadi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSonic shockwaves (SSW) can cause cardiac pacing. This observation first came to notice with the early urologic lithotripters and later with the cumulative use of shockwaves to treat calcified coronary lesions. There have been multiple observations of cardiac pacing and tachyarrhythmias occurring during SSW delivery using the Shockwave Intravascular Lithotripsy system. The underlying mechanism of cardiac cell depolarization by SSW is still under debate. At the end of the last decade, we are witnessing this technology in electrophysiology with the WiSE‐CRT system that uses sonic waves to synchronize the ventricles and novel shockwave ablation catheters that can treat tachyarrhythmia foci with minor collateral damage.
Neither frozen–thawed seminal plasma nor commercial transforming growth factor‐β1 infused intra‐utero before insemination improved fertility and prolificacy in sows
Authors: Parrilla Inmaculada , Rodriguez‐Martinez Heriberto , Cuello Cristina , Gil María Antonia , Martinez Emilio A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSeminal plasma (SP) affects reproduction, inducing cell and molecular changes in the female genital tract. A main active component in SP is the modulatory transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β), particularly its TGF‐β1 isoform, which affects the synthesis of other cytokines as granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor, relevant for embryo development and pregnancy. This study evaluated the effect of pooled frozen–thawed SP and commercial TGF‐β1 infused during oestrus in sows post‐cervically inseminated with liquid extended semen, containing ~4 ml of residual SP, on their fertility and prolificacy. For this, 250 sows in their post‐weaning oestrus were used. Sows were randomly assigned to one of the following groups to be post‐cervically treated 30 min before insemination: (i) SP group: infused with 40 ml of SP (N = 57); ii) Group TFGß1: infused with 40 ml of BTS extender containing 3 ng/ml of porcine TGF‐β1 (N = 64); iii) BTS group: infused with 40 ml of BTS extender (N = 60); and iv) Control Group: sows catheterized but not infused prior to AI (N = 69). Farrowing rates (range: 86.7% to 91.3%) and numbers of live‐born piglets (range: range: 12.8 ± 2.9 to 13.4 ± 3.1) were not affected by any treatment compared with Controls, indicating that neither pre‐infusions of SP nor TGF‐ß1 30 min before AI influenced subsequent fertility and prolificacy.
Megafauna restoration as a legal obligation: International biodiversity law and the rehabilitation of large mammals in Europe
Authors: Trouwborst Arie , Svenning Jens‐Christian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRestoring functional ecosystems in Europe inter alia requires restoring large mammal (megafauna) diversity and densities to levels well above the current downgraded state, which results from a human‐driven wave of megafauna extinctions and extirpations in the Late Pleistocene and Holocene. Combining law and natural science, we address the question to what degrees international legal instruments support or require such megafauna rewilding efforts. We provide an overview of Europe's current megafauna plus those species that would likely have been present without human interference. We categorize these species and restoration scenarios in ways that make sense from a legal perspective and identify and interpret relevant legal instruments. Our analysis indicates that Article 8(f) of the Convention on Biological Diversity requires restoring the diversity and densities of Europe's megafauna as far as possible—which is indeed quite far. Depending on the circumstances, megafauna rewilding measures can also be required or supported by various other legal instruments at global, pan‐European, European Union and other levels.
Revisiting the myth of stative progressives in world Englishes
Authors: Rautionaho Paula 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOuter Circle varieties are commonly characterized as having wider use of the stative progressive; however, studies making this claim often fail to account for regional differences in verb‐phrase density. The present study remedies the methodological problem by focusing on the progressive vs. non‐progressive alternation, subjecting the data to a series of statistical analyses. The results indicate that we need to refine the term ‘wider use’ – it is critical that it is understood in the semantic sense of referring to extension to non‐delimited contexts, as the sense ‘more frequent use of stative progressives in Outer Circle varieties’ is not confirmed. Rather, the frequency data, the attraction patterns, and the alternation patterns all indicate that Indian English (IndE) differs from the other varieties investigated, including the other Outer Circle varieties, Singaporean (SgE), and Hong Kong (HKE).
TRANSFORMATIVE CREATURES: THEOLOGY, GENDER DIVERSITY, AND HUMAN IDENTITY
Authors: Cornwall Susannah 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGender transition may be figured as part of a broader creaturely process of being partners in our own becoming. Gender transition is explored through the lenses of transformation (including comparisons with theosis and with religious conversion) and neurodiversity. Humans are transformative creatures; trans and gender‐variant people, like others, have the power to curate their own identities and are on a journey toward perfection. Our nature as humans, including our sexed and gendered nature, is not over‐and‐done‐with. In this sense, our active building and shaping of our identities and body‐stories is not a rejection of a divine blueprint for human existence, nor an exercise of illegitimate human hubris, but rather a licit creaturely form of generativity.
The Development of Triglyceride-Based Additives and Their Lubricity Properties for Low Sulfur Fossil Diesel: A Review
Authors: Firmansyah R. Arizal , Perry Burhan R. Y. , Zetra Yulfi , Prasetyoko Didik 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Reducing the sulfur content in fossil diesel is recognized to create cleaner air. One of the efforts that can be made to reduce sulfur is involving the hydrodesulfurization process in the oil refinery. However, that process is responsible for decreasing the natural lubricating compounds in fossil diesel. Then, it results in the low lubricity of fossil diesel which increases friction and wears scars on the metal surface of machinery components. Therefore, it is necessary to use additives to improve the lubricity properties of fossil diesel. Additives can be derived from vegetable oil-based triglyceride compounds (bio-additives). The primary bio-additives class studied in lubricity improver is the ester group. Many challenges need to be addressed by researchers to obtain such a bio-additive to perform better. This paper focuses on bio-additives and their lubricity properties between 1995 and 2020. We review the bio-additives class and its effect on fossil diesel lubricity, the relationship between structure and lubricity, the bio-additives synthesis route, and the lubricity testing method. Finally, the challenges and future research direction in developing lubricity bio-additives for low sulfur diesel fossil are also highlighted (including the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis and its strategies briefly), which will be an essential consideration in synthesizing new lubricity improver bio-additives for low sulfur diesel.
Study on Anti-Scuffing Load-Bearing Thermoelastic Lubricating Properties of Meshing Gears With Contact Interface Micro-Texture Morphology
Authors: Ruan Jiafu , Wang Xigui , Wang Yongmei , Li Chen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In the process of gear meshing, it is an inevitable trend to encounter failure cases such as contact friction thermal behavior and interface thermoelastic scuffing wear. As one of the cores influencing factors, the gear meshing contact interface micro-texture (CIMT) morphology significantly restricts the gear transmission system (GTS) dynamic characteristics. This subject intends to the contact characteristic model and interface friction dynamics coupling model of meshing gear pair with different CIMT morphologies. Considering the influence of gear meshing CIMT on the distribution type of hydrodynamic lubricating oil film, contact viscous damping, and frictional thermal load, the aforementioned models have involved time-varying meshing stiffness and static transmission error. Based on the proposed models, an example verification of meshed gear pair (MGP) is analyzed to reveal the influence of CIMT on the dynamic characteristics of GTS under a variety of micro-texture configurations and input branch power and rated speed/shaft torque conditions. Numerical simulation results indicate that the influence of CIMT on gear dynamic response (including meshing interface frictional thermal load, malicious damping, and impact vibration in the off-line direction of the action) is extremely restricted by the transient contact regularity of the meshing gear surface. Meshing gears dynamic characteristics (especially vibration and noise) can be obviously and effectively adjusted by setting a regular MGP with CIMT morphology instead of random gear surfaces.
Shock Tube and Flame Speed Measurements of 2,4,4-Trimethyl-1-Pentene: A Co-Optima Biofuel
Authors: Laich Andrew R. , Kim Gihun , Ninnemann Erik , Almansour Bader , Vasu Subith 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The combustion of 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene (diisobutylene, C8H16), which is a biofuel and a component of surrogate fuels, is examined in this work. Carbon monoxide time–histories and ignition delay times are collected behind reflected shock waves utilizing a shock tube and mid-infrared laser absorption spectroscopy. Measurements were obtained near 10 atm pressure during stoichiometric oxidation of 0.15%C8H16/O2/Ar. Simulated results from chemical kinetic models are provided, and sensitivity analyses are used to discuss differences between models for both ignition delay times and carbon monoxide formation. In addition, laminar burning speeds are obtained at 1 atm, 428 K, and equivalence ratios, phi, between 0.91 and 1.52 inside a spherical chamber facility. Measured burning speeds are found to be less than that of ethanol over the equivalence ratio span. Burning speed measurements are compared to predictions of chemical kinetic mechanisms and are in agreement for the richest conditions; however, at lean conditions, the model predicts a far slower-burning speed. The maximum burning speed occurs at an equivalence ratio of 1.08 with a magnitude of 0.70 m/s. The current work provides the crucial experimental data needed for assessing the feasibility of this biofuel and for the development of future combustion chemical kinetics models.
A Semi-Analytical Approach for Calculating Productivity Index in Vertical Flowing Well: High Gas-Oil Ratio Field Data as a Case Study
Authors: Fadairo Adesina , Ling Kegang , Rasouli Vamegh , Adeyemi Gbadegesin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The concurrent transport of hydrocarbon, water, and most times solids ensues all through the production system concerned in transporting multiphase fluid from the producing reservoir zone to the wellbore and then to surface. The flow capacity of a well can be estimated through the inflow performance relationship (IPR) that essentially depends on productivity index (PI). Productivity index is a vital and indispensable oil and gas industry tool for forecasting the deliverability and helps in economic feasibility studies of the well. The lack of a correct model for bottom-hole flowing pressure calculation has always been a challenge and results in erroneous estimate of productivity index of a production well. Numerous models on bottom-hole flowing pressure in wells have been recounted in different literatures over the years. Many of the earlier works were based on steady-state flow assumption, likewise not all the constituent terms that practically influence flow behavior of fluid in pipe were considered in derivation of the past models. In the present work, an enhanced semi-analytical model for determining well bottom-hole flowing pressure is offered where all the constituent terms practically influence flow behavior of fluid in pipe and employed in building the new model for estimating productivity index in a vertical well. This article builds a semi-analytical model for predicting flowing pressure at every flow transition period evidencing the water hammer pressure fluctuations often experienced at the start-up operation. Subsequently, the time-dependent flowing pressure obtained from the newly derived model was used to estimate the productivity index using high gas-oil ratio surface data from Niger Delta field. The result of productivity index obtained at steady-state period shows that the average prediction percentage error of the current approach is reduced to 3.78% compared to previously derived steady-state-based model by Guo et al. (2007, “A Rigorous Composite-IPR Model for Multilateral Wells,” Society of Petroleum Engineers, SPE 100923, San Antonio, TX, p. 11), Guo (2001, “Use of Wellhead-Pressure Data to Establish Well-Inflow Performance Relationship,” SPE Eastern Regional Meeting, Canton, OH, Oct., SPE 72372, p. 7), and Adesina et al. (2018, “A Realistic Model for Estimating Productivity Index of Vertical Well Using Wellhead Data,” Society of Petroleum Engineers, SPE-193506-MS) that, respectively, report as 18.59%, 5.23%, and 3.96%. The factors that influence the magnitude of water hammer pressure fluctuation at the start-up period have been identified through the derivation. The semi-analytical model improves the prediction accuracy and aids the reliability of design to avoid incidence of pipe burst due to pressure peak and serves as a tool to analyze the well performance.
Supplemental Material: Mechanism of crustal thickening and exhumation of southern Lhasa terrane during the Late Cretaceous: Evidence from high-pressure metamorphic rocks of the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis
Authors: Zhang Yanling , Yin Changqing , al. et 
Published: April 2022

<p>Table S1: Selected microprobe analyses for garnet-bearing amphibolite samples. Table S2: Bulk compositions of garnet-bearing amphibolite for phase equilibria modelling. Table S3: Th-U-Pb data of metamorphic zircons of garnet-bearing amphibolite samples. Table S4: REE contents (ppm) in zircon of garnet-bearing amphibolite sample. </p>
Supplemental Material: Sedimentology of the latest Permian to Early Triassic in the terrestrial settings of the North China Basin: Low-latitude climate change during a warming-driven crisis
Authors: Ji Kaixuan , Tong Jinnan , al. et 
Published: April 2022

<p>Figure S1: Sedimentary logs of the sections at Baode, Xuecun and Haojiajin in Shanxi Province, Ordos Basin, developed in the uppermost part of the Sunjiagou Formation and base of the Liujiagou Formation. Figure S2: Field photographs of the Huagedaling section, Jiyuan County, Luoyang City, Henan Province. Figure S3: Log and field photographs of the Xiewan section, Yima City, Henan Province. Figure S4: Log and field photographs of the Sugou section, Dengfeng City, Henan Province. Figure S5: Channel sand bodies of FA3, Sunjiagou Formation. Arrows point the channels. Figure S6: Field photos of Qishuihe section, Shaanxi Province. Figure S7: Log and field photographs of FA5, Liujiagou Formation, Yuntouling section, Yuzhou City, Henan Province. Table S1: Channel dimensions of FA2. </p>
Associations between initial American Board of Internal Medicine certification and maintenance of certification status of attending physicians and in-hospital mortality of patients with acute myocardial infarction or congestive heart failure: a retrospective cohort study of hospitalisations in Pennsylvania, USA
Authors: Norcini John J , Weng Weifeng , Boulet John , McDonald Furman , Lipner Rebecca S 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo determine whether internists’ initial specialty certification and the maintenance of that certification (MOC) is associated with lower in-hospital mortality for their patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or congestive heart failure (CHF).DesignRetrospective cohort study of hospitalisations in Pennsylvania, USA, from 2012 to 2017.SettingAll hospitals in Pennsylvania.ParticipantsAll 184 115 hospitalisations for primary diagnoses of AMI or CHF where the attending physician was a self-designated internist.Primary outcome measureIn-hospital mortality.ResultsOf the 2575 physicians, 2238 had initial certification and 820 were eligible for MOC. After controlling for patient demographics and clinical characteristics, hospital-level factors and physicians’ demographic and medical school characteristics, both initial certification and MOC were associated with lower mortality. The adjusted OR for initial certification was 0.835 (95% CI 0.756 to 0.922; p<0.001). Patients cared for by physicians with initial certification had a 15.87% decrease in mortality compared with those cared for by non-certified physicians (mortality rate difference of 5.09 per 1000 patients; 95% CI 2.12 to 8.05; p<0.001). The adjusted OR for MOC was 0.804 (95% CI 0.697 to 0.926; p=0.003). Patients cared for by physicians who completed MOC had an 18.91% decrease in mortality compared with those cared for by MOC lapsed physicians (mortality rate difference of 6.22 per 1000 patients; 95% CI 2.0 to 10.4; p=0.004).ConclusionsInitial certification was associated with lower mortality for AMI or CHF. Moreover, for patients whose physicians had initial certification, an additional advantage was associated with its maintenance.