bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing eating disorder treatment outcomes of transgender and nonbinary individuals with cisgender individuals
Authors: Riddle Megan C. , Robertson Lee , Blalock Dan V. , Duffy Alan , Le Grange Daniel , Mehler Philip S. , Rienecke Renee D. , Joiner Thomas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to compare symptom severity of eating disorders (EDs), depression and anxiety at admission and discharge for transgender and nonbinary (TNB) individuals and cisgender adult individuals receiving treatment for EDs at higher levels of care (HLOC), adding to the limited research in this area.MethodParticipants were 25 TNB individuals and 376 cisgender individuals admitted to a HLOC ED treatment facility. Participants completed the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE‐Q), Patient Health Questionnaire‐9, and Beck Anxiety Inventory at admission and discharge.ResultsTNB individuals showed significant improvements on EDE‐Q global scores between admission and discharge (Cohen's d = 1.27), and showed similar improvements on the EDE‐Q over the course of treatment (Cohen's d = 0.06) when compared to cisgender individuals. TNB individuals had more severe depression at admission (Cohen's d = 0.61). Although depression improved over the course of treatment for both groups, TNB individuals showed less improvement (Cohen's d = 0.59). Suicidality was higher for TNB individuals on admission and discharge and did not improve significantly over the course of treatment (Cohen's d = 0.38).DiscussionThis study provides preliminary evidence that TNB and cisgender individuals show similar improvement in ED symptoms during HLOC treatment. However, TNB individuals have more severe depression and less improvement in depression compared to cisgender individuals, without improvement in suicidality. TNB individuals may benefit from care targeting depression and suicidality during ED treatment.Public Significance StatementTNB individuals have increased risk of EDs. Little research addresses how TNB individuals respond to ED treatment, which was traditionally created for cisgender individuals. We present one of the first studies examining ED treatment outcomes for TNB adults. TNB individuals showed improved ED symptoms with treatment, but less improvement in depression and their suicidality remained elevated. This suggests the need for targeted treatment.
Prognosis of cardiogenic shock secondary to culprit left main coronary artery lesion‐related myocardial infarction
Authors: Galván‐Román Francisco , Fernández‐Herrero Ignacio , Ariza‐Solé Albert , Sánchez‐Salado José Carlos , Puerto Elena , Lorente Victòria , Gómez‐Lara Josep , Martín‐Asenjo Roberto , Gómez‐Hospital Joan A. , Comín‐Colet Josep 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to assess, in patients with cardiogenic shock secondary to unprotected left main coronary artery‐related myocardial infarction (ULMCA‐related AMICS), the incidence and predictors of no recovery of left ventricular function during the admission.Methods and resultsThis was an observational study conducted at two tertiary care centres (2012–20). The main outcome measured was death or requirement for heart transplantation (HT) or left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) during the admission. A total of 70 patients were included. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was successful in 53/70 patients (75.7%). The combined endpoint of death or requirement of HT or LVAD during the admission occurred in 41/70 patients (58.6%). The highest incidence of the primary endpoint was observed among patients with profound shock and occluded left main coronary artery (LMCA) (20/23, 87%, P < 0.001). Although a successful PCI reduced the incidence of the event in the whole cohort (51.9% vs. 82.4% in failed PCI, P = 0.026), this association was not observed among this last group of complex patients (86.7% vs. 87.5% in failed PCI, P = 0.731). The predictive model included left ventricular ejection fraction, baseline ULMCA Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction flow, and severity of shock and showed an optimal ability for predicting death or requirements for HT or LVAD during the admission (area under the curve 0.865, P < 0.001).ConclusionsULMCA‐related AMICS was associated with a high in‐hospital mortality or need for HT or LVAD. Prognosis was especially poor among patients with profound shock and baseline occluded LMCA, with a low probability of recovery regardless of successful PCI.
Aortic thoracic neuromodulation in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Paolisso Pasquale , Dagan Amir , Gallinoro Emanuele , De Colle Cristina , Bertolone Dario Tino , Moya Ana , Penicka Martin , Degrieck Ivan , Vanderheyden Marc , Bartunek Jozef 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe inadequacy of medical therapies for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is driving the development of device‐based solutions targeting underlying pathophysiologic abnormalities. The maladaptive autonomic imbalance with a reduction in vagal parasympathetic activity and increased sympathetic signalling contributes to the deterioration of cardiac performance, patient fitness, and the increased overall morbidity and mortality. Thoracic aortic vagal afferents mediate parasympathetic signalling, and their stimulation has been postulated to restore autonomic balance. In this first‐in‐man experience with chronic stimulation of aortic vagal afferents (Harmony™ System, Enopace, Israel), we demonstrate improved left atrial remodelling and function parallel with improved left ventricular performance. The observed favourable structural and functional cardiac changes remained stable throughout the 1 year follow‐up and were associated with improved symptoms and physical fitness. The current experience warrants further validation of the endovascular stimulation of aortic thoracic afferents as a new interventional approach for device‐based treatment in HFpEF.
Risk factors for pre‐heart failure or symptomatic heart failure based on NT‐proBNP
Authors: Aoki Shoko , Yamagishi Kazumasa , Kihara Tomomi , Tanaka Mari , Imano Hironori , Muraki Isao , Shimizu Yuji , Hayama‐Terada Mina , Umesawa Mitsumasa , Sankai Tomoko , Okada Takeo , Kitamura Akihiko , Kiyama Masahiko , Iso Hiroyasu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsEvidence on the risk factors for incident heart failure in Asia has been limited. We sought to identify the risk factors for pre‐heart failure or symptomatic heart failure, based on N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP), in the Japanese general population.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study based on the Circulatory Risk in Communities Study involving 5335 Japanese individuals whose NT‐proBNP levels were measured between 2010 and 2015. Of these, 2768 people aged between 30 and 69 years who undertook annual cardiovascular risk surveys at least once between 1990 and 2000 were retrospectively eligible to be participants in this study. We performed multivariable logistic regression analyses to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of pre‐heart failure or symptomatic heart failure defined as NT‐proBNP >400 pg/mL or as having a diagnosis of heart failure and taking medication for heart failure for several cardiovascular risk factors (body mass index, blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, total cholesterol, triglyceride, smoking status, drinking status).ResultsWe identified 85 cases of heart failure. The multivariable ORs (95% CIs) were 5.70 (2.70–12.0) for body mass index of 27–29.9 kg/m2 and 5.91 (2.19–16.0) for ≥30 kg/m2 compared with 21–22.9 kg/m2; 2.49(1.01–6.13) for systolic blood pressure of ≥160 mmHg vs. <130 mmHg; 2.87(1.23–6.68) for diastolic blood pressure of ≥100 mmHg vs. <80 mmHg; 5.16(2.14–12.4) for diabetes vs. non‐diabetes; and 2.24 (0.92–5.49) for current smokers of ≥20 cigarettes/day vs. never smokers. The multivariable ORs (95% CIs) of the number of risk factors, defined as the sum of four risk factors (obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and current smoker) was 6.80 (3.69–12.5) for ≥2 risk factors vs. no risk factors.ConclusionsThe accumulation of these risk factors was associated with a graded higher risk of pre‐heart failure or symptomatic heart failure.
Acicular Nickel on Carbon Nanofiber as Electrochemical Sensor Electrode for the Rapid Detection of Aqueous and Gaseous Formaldehyde at Room Temperature
Authors: Chai Ai‐Wen , Wang Cheng‐Chien , Chen Chuh‐Yung 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe rapid and straightforward detection of formaldehyde (FA) in the environment is crucial for preventing the accidental inhalation of FA and limiting skin exposure to FA. In this study, we developed a simple nickel‐based electrocatalytic electrode on carbon nanofibers (CNFs−Ni), which is suitable for rapidly detecting FA at room temperature. Centrifugal electrospinning was used to obtain polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers, which was subsequently stabilized and carbonized to fabricate the CNFs. Carbonization of the CNFs occurred at various temperatures (Tc=1200, 1300, 1400, and 1500 °C). PAN CNFs served as a highly conductive template for electroless plating under a magnetic field of 500 G to grow acicular nickel. The amperometric responses of the CNFs−Ni to aqueous FA were then measured. A lab‐built amperometric gas sensor (CNFs−Ni 1–8), which comprised CNFs with a reduced Ni loading, was used as the electrode for detecting gaseous FA. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and chronoamperometry were used to evaluate the sensitivities of the electrodes. Within the linear range of 0.05–91.5 mM, the CNFs1400‐Ni electrode was highly sensitive for detecting aqueous FA (2592 μA mM−1 cm−2), as evidenced by the fast response time (6 s). At a low concentration of gaseous FA (0.5 ppm), the laboratory‐built FA gas sensor was stable (98.3 %) and had a fast response time (5 s) after 9 h of continuous operation.
U–Pb and Re–Os geochronology of the Yundukala Au–Cu–Co deposit in East Junggar, NW China: Constraints on the timing of mineralization and ore‐bearing rocks
Authors: Yang Fuquan , Geng Xinxia , Zhang Hanqing , Li Ning , Yang Chengdong , Zhang Zhenlong , Li XiaoZhuang 
Published: September 2022

East Junggar is an important part of the Central Asia Orogenic Belt and has developed a multi‐epoch and multi‐type metallogenic system. Yundukala is a recently discovered large intrusion‐related Au–Cu–Co deposit. The No. 1 main mineralization zone mainly occurs in the contact area between fine‐grained diorite and basalt. Massive and vein mineralization have developed there, but the ore‐bearing stratum, ore‐bearing intrusive rocks, and metallogenic ages are not clear. Zircon SHRIMP U–Pb dating of the porphyritic diorite and fine‐grained diorite yields ages of 416.1 ± 3.9 Ma and 411.1 ± 7.5 Ma, respectively. The dioritoid intruded into the ore‐bearing stratum, indicating that this formation is part of the Early Palaeozoic strata rather than the Middle Devonian Beishan Formation. The Re–Os isochron age of the chalcopyrite in the massive mineralization is 402.6 ± 5.2 Ma; thus, the massive mineralization is related to fine‐grained diorite and formed in the Early Devonian. Six sulphides and four sulphides from the vein mineralization yield Re–Os isochron ages of 352.8 ± 1.8 Ma and 354 ± 23 Ma, respectively, and the limited vein mineralization was formed during 353–354 Ma. The massive and vein mineralizations in the Yundukala deposit were formed in the Early Devonian and Early Carboniferous.
Silmitasertib plus gemcitabine and cisplatin first‐line therapy in locally advanced/metastatic cholangiocarcinoma: A Phase 1b/2 study
Authors: Borad Mitesh J. , Bai Li‐Yuan , Richards Donald , Mody Kabir , Hubbard Joleen , Rha Sun Young , Soong John , McCormick Daniel , Tse Emmett , O'Brien Daniel , Bayat Ahmad , Ahn Daniel , Davis S. Lindsey , Park Joon Oh. , Oh Do‐Youn 
Published: September 2022

Background and Aims:
This study aimed to investigate safety and efficacy of silmitasertib, an oral small molecule casein kinase 2 inhibitor, plus gemcitabine and cisplatin (G+C) versus G+C in locally advanced/metastatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Approach and Results:
This work is a Phase 1b/2 study (S4‐13‐001). In Phase 2, patients received silmitasertib 1000 mg twice daily for 10 days with G+C on Days 1 and 8 of a 21‐day cycle. Primary efficacy endpoint was progression‐free survival (PFS) in the modified intent‐to‐treat population (defined as patients who completed at least one cycle of silmitasertib without dose interruption/reduction) from both phases (silmitasertib/G+C n = 55, G+C n = 29). The response was assessed by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors v1.1. The median PFS was 11.2 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.6, 14.7) versus 5.8 months (95% CI, 3.1, not evaluable [NE]) (p = 0.0496); 10‐month PFS was 56.1% (95% CI, 38.8%, 70.2%) versus 22.2% (95% CI, 1.8%, 56.7%); and median overall survival was 17.4 months (95% CI, 13.4, 25.7) versus 14.9 months (95% CI, 9.9, NE) with silmitasertib/G+C versus G+C. Overall response rate was 34.0% versus 30.8%; the disease control rate was 86.0% versus 88.5% with silmitasertib/G+C versus G+C. Almost all silmitasertib/G+C (99%) and G+C (93%) patients reported at least one treatment emergent adverse event (TEAE). The most common TEAEs (all grades) with silmitasertib/G+C versus G+C were diarrhea (70% versus 13%), nausea (59% vs. 30%), fatigue (47% vs. 47%), vomiting (39% vs. 7%), and anemia (39% vs. 30%). Twelve patients (10%) discontinued treatment because of TEAEs during the study.

Conclusions:
Silmitasertib/G+C demonstrated promising preliminary evidence of efficacy for the first‐line treatment of patients with locally advanced/metastatic cholangiocarcinoma.
Sediment sources and delivery of Norwegian mountain rivers in a changing climate
Authors: Bogen Jim 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe projected climate change for Norway through the 21st century predicts that the temperature will increase significantly. Events with heavy rainfall will be more intense and occur more frequently. Rain floods will increase in magnitude and also occur more frequently. Extreme flooding and heavy rain will significantly impact the sediment dynamics in rivers. In the mountain areas, floods are often associated with erosion, transport and deposition of coarse sediment along the streams. These processes are related to bed load transport and pose a hazard in addition to the elevated water discharge and have to be included in management plans for river basins. This article studies the bed load delivery from sources that contribute the most to the sediment budget in the Gudbrandsdalslågen river basin during the large magnitude floods in 2011 and 2013. More than 100 debris slides and debris flow were triggered in the tributary river Veikleåi by the heavy rain and snowmelt during these floods. The volume of the contribution from debris flows and erosion and deposition of the river bed was determined by subtracting digital elevation models acquired during repeated airborne LIDAR surveys. In the river Dørja the supply of sediment from a number of debris flows caused extensive aggradation and channel changes. In their new position, lateral erosion by these channels triggered slides on the adjacent slopes. The contributing volumes of debris flows, lateral erosion, and river bed erosion and deposition were determined from the LIDAR surveys. Relations obtained from studies of sediment transport in modern glacier rivers were used to obtain estimates of the ratio of bed load versus suspended load derived from the Pleistocene moraine deposits. Several monitoring stations using conventional methods for measuring bed load and suspended load recorded very large volumes of sediment delivery during both of the extreme floods. The results of the study may be used to identify necessary locations for check‐dams and erosion protection works in order to adapt to climate change.
On (in)validating environmental models. 2. Implementation of a Turing‐like test to modelling hydrological processes
Authors: Beven Keith , Lane Stuart , Page Trevor , Kretzschmar Ann , Hankin Barry , Smith Paul , Chappell Nick 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPart 1 of this study discussed the concept of using a form of Turing‐like test for model evaluation, together with eight principles for implementing such an approach. In this part, the framing of fitness‐for‐purpose as a Turing‐like test is discussed, together with an example application of trying to assess whether a rainfall‐runoff model might be an adequate representation of the discharge response in a catchment for predicting future natural flood management scenarios. It is shown that the variation between event runoff coefficients in the record can be used to create some limits of acceptability that implicitly take some account of the epistemic uncertainties arising from lack of knowledge about errors in rainfall and discharge observations. In the case study it is demonstrated that the model used cannot be validated in this way across all the range of observed discharges, but that behavioural models can be found for the peak flows that are the subject of interest in the application. Thinking in terms of the Turing‐like test focusses attention on the critical observations needed to test whether streamflow is being produced in the right way so that a model is considered as fit‐for‐purpose in predicting the impacts of future change scenarios. As is the case for uncertainty estimation in general, it is argued that the assumptions made in setting behavioural limits of acceptability should be stated explicitly to leave an audit trail in any application that can be reviewed by users of the model outputs.
On (in)validating environmental models. 1. Principles for formulating a Turing‐like Test for determining when a model is fit‐for purpose
Authors: Beven Keith , Lane Stuart 
Published: September 2022

AbstractModel invalidation is a good thing. It means that we are forced to reconsider either model structures or the available data more closely, that is to challenge our fundamental understanding of the problem at hand. It is not easy, however, to decide when a model should be invalidated, when we expect that the sources of uncertainty in environmental modelling will often be epistemic rather than simply aleatory in nature. In particular, epistemic errors in model inputs may well exert a very strong control over how accurate we might expect model predictions to be when compared against evaluation data that might also be subject to epistemic uncertainties. We suggest that both modellers and referees should treat model validation as a form of Turing‐like Test, whilst being more explicit about how the uncertainties in observed data and their impacts are assessed. Eight principles in formulating such tests are presented. Being explicit about the decisions made in framing an analysis is one important way to facilitate communication with users of model outputs, especially when it is intended to use a model simulator as a ‘model of everywhere’ or ‘digital twin’ of a catchment system. An example application of the concepts is provided in Part 2.
Estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from Iran's gas flaring by using satellite data and combustion equations
Authors: Shojaei S. Mohammad , Vahabpour Amir , Saifoddin Amir Ali , Ghasempour Roghayeh 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In addition to the waste of resources and economic losses, environmental damage by gas flaring is widespread and significant. Since flaring the associated gas gives no added value in exchange for its pollution and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, it could be identified as a top priority for mitigation. Iran is the third gas flaring country after Russia and Iraq among those facing this issue, and is responsible for 12.1% of the world's gas flaring. While the necessity of developing a method for the precise estimation of flaring GHG emissions is clear, especially for evaluating the result of countries' efforts to meet their nationally determined contribution target, there are huge uncertainties and discrepancies in the values of emission factors among various data sources due to the lack of actual measurements of the volume and diversity of the composition of flare gas. This study aimed to fill the gap in providing authentic data on Iran's gas flaring GHG and air pollutant emissions by developing a model based on satellite data on flare volumes, gas compositions, and combustion equations. Our results revealed that based on 2021 data on flaring volume, Iranian gas flares are emitting approximately 50 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent to the atmosphere annually, which could be reduced to 43 by only enhancing the flares' efficiency. It accounted for 5.5%–6% of the total GHG emissions of the country. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:735–748. © 2022 SETAC.
Circulating immune markers and risks of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes: A pooled analysis
Authors: Rhee Jongeun , Birmann Brenda M. , De Roos Anneclaire J. , Epstein Mara M. , Martinez‐Maza Otoniel , Breen Elizabeth C. , Magpantay Larry I. , Levin Lynn I. , Visvanathan Kala , Hosgood H. Dean , Rohan Thomas E. , Smoller Sylvia W. , Bassig Bryan A. , Qi Lihong , Shu Xiao‐Ou , Koh Woon‐Puay , Zheng Wei , Yuan Jian‐Min , Weinstein Stephanie J. , Albanes Demetrius , Lan Qing , Rothman Nathaniel , Purdue Mark P. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlthough prediagnostic circulating concentrations of the immune activation markers soluble CD27 (sCD27), sCD30 and chemokine ligand‐13 (CXCL13) have been associated with non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) risk, studies have been limited by sample size in associations with NHL subtypes. We pooled data from eight nested case‐control studies to investigate subtype‐specific relationships for these analytes. Using polytomous regression, we calculated odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) relating study‐specific analyte tertiles to selected subtypes vs controls (n = 3310): chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL; n = 623), diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL; n = 621), follicular lymphoma (FL; n = 398), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL; n = 138), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL; n = 82) and T cell lymphoma (TCL; n = 92). We observed associations with DLBCL for elevated sCD27 [OR for third vs first tertile (ORT3) = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.6‐3.1], sCD30 (ORT3 = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.6‐2.5) and CXCL13 (ORT3 = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.8‐3.0). We also observed associations with sCD27 for CLL/SLL (ORT3 = 3.3, 95% CI = 2.4‐4.6), MZL (ORT3 = 7.7, 95% CI = 3.0‐20.1) and TCL (ORT3 = 3.4, 95% CI = 1.5‐7.7), and between sCD30 and FL (ORT3 = 2.7, 95% CI = 2.0‐3.5). In analyses stratified by time from phlebotomy to case diagnosis, the sCD27‐TCL and all three DLBCL associations were equivalent across both follow‐up periods (<7.5, ≥7.5 years). For other analyte‐subtype comparisons, associations were stronger for the follow‐up period closer to phlebotomy, particularly for indolent subtypes. In conclusion, we found robust evidence of an association between these immune markers and DLBCL, consistent with hypotheses that mechanisms related to immune activation are important in its pathogenesis. Our other findings, particularly for the rarer subtypes MZL and TCL, require further investigation.