bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A real‐world experience of subcutaneous and transvenous implantable cardiac defibrillators—comparison with the PRAETORIAN study
Authors: Khanra Dibbendhu , Hamid Abdul , Patel Peysh , Tomson John , Abdalla Ahmed , Khan Nasrin , Dowd Rory , Chandan Nakul , Osagie Christopher , Jinadu Tomilola , Velu Selvakumar , Arya Anita , Spencer Charles , Barr Craig , Petkar Sanjiv 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundPRAETORIAN is the first randomized controlled trial that demonstrated the noninferiority of subcutaneous ICD (S‐ICD) in comparison with transvenous ICD (TV‐ICD). We retrospectively reviewed electronic records of patients with ICD implanted over the past 6 years, with the primary objective to compare our real‐world single tertiary center experience with the randomized data from the PRAETORIAN study.MethodsSeventy S‐ICD patients were compared with 197 TV‐ICD patients, from July 2014 to June 2020 retrospectively, over a median period of 1304 days (296–2451 days). Primary composite endpoints included inappropriate shocks and device‐related malfunctions.ResultsPatients with S‐ICD implantation were younger than those who received TV‐ICD (mean, 49.7 years vs 63.9 years, p < .001). About 31.4% of S‐ICDs were implanted for secondary prevention, and 58.6% of S‐ICD patients had ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) with a median left ventricular ejection fraction of 32.5% (range: 10–67%). S‐ICDs and TV‐ICD had statistically similar inappropriate shocks (4.3% vs 4.6%, p = .78), device‐related complications (11.4% vs 9.1%, p = .93), and the overall primary endpoints (15.7% vs 13.7%, p = .68). The findings remained the same even after age and gender adjustments and time‐dependent analysis.ConclusionAlthough single‐center experience with a small number of S‐ICD patients, results of the PRAETORIAN study has been replicated in our real‐world experience of S‐ICD and TV‐ICD implantations across diverse etiologies, indications, and age groups confirming the comparable performance of S‐ICD and TV‐ICD when implanted in selected patients.
Influence of climate variability on wind‐sea and swell wave height extreme over the Indo‐Pacific Ocean
Authors: Kumar Prashant , Sardana Divya , Kaur Sukhwinder , PG Remya , Rajni  , Weller Evan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn the Indo‐Pacific Ocean (IPO), extreme significant wave heights (SWHs) can substantially induce coastal erosion, flooding, and devastating impacts on coastal livelihoods. This study examines the seasonal influence of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), Southern Annular Mode (SAM), and Pacific North American (PNA) pattern on extreme wind‐wave parameters. The climatic extremes are calculated utilizing ERA5 reanalysis datasets from 1979 to 2019 and a nonstationary generalized extreme value distribution. Significant increases in extreme wind‐sea (Hmax) and swell SWH (HmaxSw) response to ENSO occur over the northeast North Pacific (NP) during December–February (DJF) and western NP during June–August (JJA). The PNA influence exhibits a similar pattern to ENSO during DJF yet is inactive in JJA. Hmax and HmaxSw responses to the IOD during September–November (SON) include significant increases over the western Pacific, southern Indian Ocean (IO), and southwest tropical IO, yet decreases over the central tropical IO. The HmaxSw response to the SAM is larger than that for Hmax over the southern IPO during DJF, which extends toward the eastern Pacific in March–May (MAM). Overall, extreme wind‐sea and swell parameter responses are found to be associated with sea level pressure (SLP) and SLP gradients.
Should we believe the benefit of intravenous erythromycin in critically ill adults with gastric feeding intolerance? Reinspecting the pieces of evidence from a series of meta‐analyses
Authors: Chen Yi‐Ting , Tai Kuan‐Yu , Lai Pei Chun , Huang Yen Ta 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn critically ill adults, unachieved nutrition targets owing to feeding intolerance are associated with poor outcomes. Erythromycin, a macrolide of antibiotics, exerts its gastrointestinal prokinetic as a motilin receptor agonist and subsequently promotes bowel movement. The application of erythromycin has been mentioned in the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) guideline with a grade B recommendation and strong consensus based on significant results from a meta‐analysis of only three randomized controlled trials in a Mantel‐Haenszel random‐effects model.MethodsWe reinspected the evidence by a random‐effects model of meta‐analyses through the frequentist approach with the Hartung‐Knapp‐Sidik‐Jonkman (HKSJ) method, trial sequential analysis (TSA), and Bayesian inference.ResultsThe results analyzed by the HKSJ method showed a risk ratio (RR) of 0.50 (95% confidence interval, 0.19–1.33; I2 = 74.55%). TSA indicated the false‐positive results with insufficient cases. Bayesian inference showed a RR of 0.38 (95% credible interval, 0.04–1.62).ConclusionsThe effect of intravenous erythromycin in feeding intolerance for critically ill adults remained inconclusive, with very low certainty of evidence. Further large‐scale randomized controlled trials with increased rigor are warranted to provide a solid conclusion.
The Impact of Component Dorsal Hump Reduction on Patient‐Perceived Nasal Aesthetics and Obstruction in Rhinoplasty
Authors: Burks Ciersten A. , Weitzman Rachel E. , Lindsay Robin W. 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate functional and aesthetic patient‐reported outcomes using validated metrics after component dorsal hump reduction (DHR) with spreader graft placement, which have not been previously reported.Study DesignProspective cohort study.MethodsThis prospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary care medical center. Participants underwent septorhinoplasty (SRP) with spreader graft placement with cosmetic, component DHR (cosmetic DHR), or SRP with spreader graft placement without dorsal hump reduction (noncosmetic, non‐DHR). The Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale and the FACE‐Q Satisfaction with Nose, Nostrils, and Social Functioning scales were administered to patients preoperatively and postoperatively (at 2, 4, 6, and/or 12 months). Pre‐ and postoperative NOSE and FACE‐Q scores were compared.ResultsA total of 226 patients underwent SRP with spreader graft placement; 113 (50.0%) with cosmetic DHR and 113 (50.0%) noncosmetic, non‐DHR (control). Patients who completed the NOSE and FACE‐Q surveys preoperatively and at least at one postoperative time point were included. Both cohorts had a statistically and clinically significant improvement in NOSE and FACE‐Q scores. There were similar improvements in NOSE scores in both cohorts. Postoperative FACE‐Q scores were higher in the cosmetic DHR cohort despite lower preoperative FACE‐Q scores when compared to the control cohort.ConclusionsAlthough there are multiple techniques for DHR, component DHR with spreader graft placement has long been considered the standard. Therefore, it is important to note the significant postoperative cosmetic and functional improvements reported by patients who have undergone this procedure to compare to newer techniques as they evolve.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 132:2157–2161, 2022
Location, location, location: When and how low price locations improve consumer price perceptions
Authors: Barone Michael J. , Coulter Keith S. , Kulow Katina , Li Xingbo (Bo) 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDoes seeing a price in a physically low (vs. high) location prompt consumers to believe that the featured product is less costly? Recent research supports this possibility by showing that low price locations trigger “down=less” metaphors which prompt price perceptions that are monetarily “low” in magnitude. Extending such work, we offer a two‐stage model to account for price location effects and examine theoretically‐relevant moderators that influence the likelihood of “down=less” metaphors being activated (Stage 1) and being mapped onto a price magnitude judgment (Stage 2). Results demonstrate that price location effects will emerge under conditions where consumers (a) experience feelings of high (vs. low) power that encourage metaphor activation and (b) possess a high (vs. low) need for structure that encourages the mapping, or transfer, of these metaphors onto a price judgment mapping. A final study shows that “down=less” metaphorical influences do not affect price magnitude judgments in the presence of factors that inhibit either metaphor activation (i.e., feelings of low power) or mapping (i.e., a low need for structure). By identifying these contingencies, this research further specifies when price location effects are likely to arise, increasing our understanding of pricing in general and this locational phenomenon in particular.
Effects of exercise on muscle reinnervation and plasticity of spinal circuits in rat sciatic nerve crush injury models with different numbers of crushes
Authors: Minegishi Yuki , Nishimoto Junji , Uto Minori , Ozone Kaichi , Oka Yuichiro , Kokubun Takanori , Murata Kenji , Takemoto Hidenori , Kanemura Naohiko 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroduction/AimsMotor function recovery is frequently poor after peripheral nerve injury. The effect of different numbers of nerve crushes and exercise on motor function recovery is unknown. We aimed to examine how different numbers of crushes of the rat sciatic nerve affects muscle reinnervation and plasticity of spinal circuits and the effect of exercise intervention.MethodsSingle and multiple sciatic nerve crush models with different numbers of crushes were created in rats. Treadmill exercise was performed at 10 m/min for 60 min, five times a week. Muscle reinnervation and synaptic changes in L4‐5 motor neurons were examined by immunofluorescence staining. Behavioral tests were the sciatic functional index (SFI) and the pinprick tests.ResultsThe percentage of soleus muscle reinnervation was not significantly increased by the presence of exercise in single or multiple crushes. Exercise after a single crush increased the contact of motor neurons with VGLUT1‐containing structures (Exercised vs. Unexercised, 12.9% vs. 8.7%; p < .01), but after multiple crushes, it decreased with or without exercise (8.1% vs. 8.6%). Exercise after a single crush significantly improved SFI values from 14 to 24 days, and exercise after multiple crushes from 21 to 35 days (all p < .05). The pinprick test showed no difference in recovery depending on the number of crushes or whether or not exercised.DiscussionDifferent numbers of sciatic nerve crushes affect muscle reinnervation and motor neuron synaptic changes differently, but motor function recovery may improve with exercise regardless of the number of crushes.
Thermal Tolerance and Temperature-Dependent Feeding Behavior of F1 Gulf and Atlantic Coast Striped Bass Strains
Authors: Kenter Linas W. , Berlinsky David L. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
To evaluate the pond culture potential of purebred Striped Bass Morone saxatilis, the thermal stress tolerance and associated feeding behavior of Atlantic coast (Delaware River; DE) and Gulf of Mexico (Florida; FL) strains (~1.0–1.6 kg) were evaluated. In the first experiment, critical thermal maxima (CTmax) temperatures were determined by gradually increasing the water temperature of individual fish that were housed in 311-L insulated containers (0.3°C/min) and determining when the fish experienced loss of equilibrium (n = 6/strain). The results indicated that the fish from the FL strain had a higher CTmax value (36.7 ± 0.32°C) than did those from the DE strain (35.7 ± 0.57°C). In the second experiment, feeding behavior and feed consumption were evaluated during simulated summer temperature fluctuations by increasing the water temperature from 26°C to 34°C by 2°C every 2 d (n = 30 fish/strain). Feed consumption decreased inversely with temperature in both strains until a mortality event occurred at 34°C. The results suggest that there are physiological adaptations to elevated temperatures among Striped Bass strains and they may be suitable for pond culture if feeding is restricted at high temperatures (&gt;30°C).
Analysis of physician recipients of recognition awards from the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation by Race and Ethnicity
Authors: Jumreornvong Oranicha , Henson Philip , Haque Abid , Sanchez Ashley N. , Samaan Angela , Nehrbass Elena , Silver Julie K. , Escalon Miguel X. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundMedical society recognition awards are important resources for physicians in advancing their careers. There is a need to better understand the representation of physician recipients by race and ethnicity, especially in women with intersectional identities.ObjectiveTo assess the proportions of American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (AAPM&R) award recipients by race and ethnicity and the intersection of gender.DesignCross‐sectional and retrospective study.Setting and MethodsOne hundred seven (n = 107) published online physician award recipients from 2011 to 2020 were categorized by race, ethnicity, and gender by two independent researchers. There was 100% interrater agreement on race and gender and 95% on ethnicity. Data were analyzed with descriptive analysis and multilinear regression.Main Outcome MeasurementsAwards given to physicians coded by race (White/Caucasian, Asian, and Black/African American), ethnicity (Hispanic/Latino), and the intersection of gender with race and ethnicity were analyzed. The primary comparator was proportions by race, ethnicity, and gender of academic physicians in physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) using Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) data. A secondary aim was recipients’ proportions compared to AAMC benchmarks for all practicing physiatrists.ResultsThere were no significant differences in representation of award recipients by race or ethnicity compared to the primary comparator of their percentages in academic PM&R. Notably, 96.3% of awards were given to physicians identified as being in or having been in academic medicine. Secondary analysis of award recipients to all practicing physiatrists revealed significant underrepresentation of recipients who were coded as (1) White/Caucasian women, Asian men and women, Black/African American men and women (p = .016), and (2) Hispanic/Latino men and women (p = .028).ConclusionsThis is a novel study assessing race and ethnicity in physician recognition awards presented by a medical society. No significant disparities were found among recipients as compared to representation in academic PM&R. However, there were significant disparities when compared to all practicing physiatrists. These findings deserve further investigation and consideration as medical societies strive to equitably support all members.
Uniform antibacterial cylindrical nanoparticles for enhancing the strength of nanocomposite hydrogels
Authors: Li Zehua , Pearce Amanda K. , Du Jianzhong , Dove Andrew P. , O'Reilly Rachel K. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCrystallization‐driven self‐assembly (CDSA) was employed for the preparation of monodisperse cationic cylindrical nanoparticles with controllable sizes, which were subsequently explored for their effect on antibacterial activity and the mechanical properties of nanocomposite hydrogels. Poly(ɛ‐caprolactone)‐block‐poly(methyl methacrylate)‐block‐poly[2‐(tert‐butylamino) ethyl methacrylate] (PCL‐b‐PMMA‐b‐PTA) triblock copolymers were synthesized using combined ring‐opening and RAFT polymerizations, and then self‐assembled into polycationic cylindrical micelles with controllable lengths by epitaxial growth. The polycationic cylinders exhibited intrinsic cell‐type‐dependent antibacterial capabilities against gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria under physiological conditions, without quaternization or loading of any additional antibiotics. Furthermore, when the cylinders were combined into anionic alginate hydrogel networks, the mechanical response of the hydrogel composite was tunable and enhanced up to 51%, suggesting that cationic polymer fibers with controlled lengths are promising mimics of the fibrous structures in natural extracellular matrix to support scaffolds. Overall, this polymer fiber/hydrogel nanocomposite shows potential as an injectable antibacterial biomaterial, with possible application in implant materials as bacteriostatic agents or bactericides against various infections.
Thermal, Viscosimetric and Thermomechanical Combined Assessment of Mixture Modelled Composite Fuels for Hybrid Propulsion
Authors: Péres de Araújo Emmanuel , José Maschio Leandro , Henrique Gouvêa Leonardo , Gustavo Ferroni Pereira Luís , Vieira Ricardo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractParaffin‐based fuels have received attention in hybrid propulsion studies towards their regression rate assessment, although little efforts have been dedicated to a consistent selection of their formulations. This work deals with melting enthalpy, dynamic viscosity, and linear thermal expansion characterization of novel low‐density polyethylene‐macrocrystalline paraffin‐ammonium nitrate composite fuels, followed by model fitting under mixture modeling principles and subsequent optimization through the desirability method. This approach allowed a better understanding of the raw materials’ roles and provided a trade‐off formulation, which was satisfactorily produced and characterized in a confirmatory experiment, thus making it a suitable candidate for further regression rate measurements.
Non‐organ confined stage and upgrading rates in exclusive PSA high‐risk prostate cancer patients
Authors: Hoeh Benedikt , Flammia Rocco S. , Hohenhorst Lukas , Sorce Gabriele , Chierigo Francesco , Tian Zhe , Saad Fred , Gallucci Michele , Briganti Alberto , Terrone Carlo , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Graefen Markus , Tilki Derya , Kluth Luis A. , Mandel Philipp , Becker Andreas , Chun Felix K.H. , Karakiewicz Pierre I. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe pathological stage of prostate cancer with high‐risk prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels, but otherwise favorable and/or intermediate risk characteristics (clinical T‐stage, Gleason Grade group at biopsy [B‐GGG]) is unknown. We hypothesized that a considerable proportion of such patients will exhibit clinically meaningful GGG upgrading or non‐organ confined (NOC) stage at radical prostatectomy (RP).Materials and methodsWithin the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2010–2015) we identified RP‐patients with cT1c‐stage and B‐GGG1, B‐GGG2, or B‐GGG3 and PSA 20–50 ng/ml. Rates of GGG4 or GGG5 and/or rates of NOC stage (≥ pT3 and/or pN1) were analyzed. Subsequently, separate univariable and multivariable logistic regression models tested for predictors of NOC stage and upgrading at RP.ResultsOf 486 assessable patients, 134 (28%) exhibited B‐GGG1, 209 (43%) B‐GGG2, and 143 (29%) B‐GGG3, respectively. The overall upgrading and NOC rates were 11% and 51% for a combined rate of upgrading and/or NOC stage of 53%. In multivariable logistic regression models predicting upgrading, only B‐GGG3 was an independent predictor (odds ratio [OR]: 5.29; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.21–14.19; p < 0.001). Conversely, 33%–66% (OR: 2.36; 95% CI: 1.42–3.95; p = 0.001) and >66% of positive biopsy cores (OR: 4.85; 95% CI: 2.84–8.42; p < 0.001), as well as B‐GGG2 and B‐GGG3 were independent predictors for NOC stage (all p ≤ 0.001).ConclusionsIn cT1c‐stage patients with high‐risk PSA baseline, but low‐ to intermediate risk B‐GGG, the rate of upgrading to GGG4 or GGG5 is low (11%). However, NOC stage is found in the majority (51%) and can be independently predicted with percentage of positive cores at biopsy and B‐GGG.
One‐class classification‐based monitoring for the mean and variance of time series
Authors: Lee Sangyeol , Lee Sangjo , Kim Chang Kyeom 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study develops a statistical process control (SPC) chart that simultaneously monitors the mean and variance of general location‐scale time series models. Integrating the one‐class classification (OCC) technique (the support vector data description (SVDD) particularly), we formulate a nonlinear boundary to enclose in‐control observations for detecting structural anomalies. The control limits obtained from SVDD can capture a more sophisticated structural change and are also controllable. We particularly propose a control chart formulated using location‐scale residuals. This further enhances our ability to detect shifts in the mean, variance, and various model parameters. The proposed OCC control chart is compared with some traditional charts and is validated by conducting simulations under various circumstances. Moreover, we consolidate applicability in a real data analysis by demonstrating its functionality with the S&P 500 index.
Losses, Many‐Body Correlations, and Universality in Ultracold Molecules
Authors: He Mingyuan , Lv Chenwei , Zhou Qi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRecent experimental developments have allowed physicists to freeze molecules' motion down to an ultracold temperature regime where quantum effects become profound. Furthermore, each molecule can be precisely prepared at chosen internal states and the mutual interactions between molecules are also highly tunable. As such, ultracold molecules have emerged as a powerful platform in multiple disciplines across physics and chemistry. Meanwhile, a grand challenge exists as to how losses of molecules depend on a quantum many‐body environment. In this article, the recent experimental and theoretical progress of exploring losses of ultracold molecules is reviewed. Since the conventional theoretical scheme of treating isolated pairs of molecules is no longer applicable to the quantum degenerate regime that has been reached in recent experiments, an alternative framework of universal relations between two‐body losses and many‐body correlations has been established. Regardless of microscopic parameters ranging from the temperature and the particle number to the interaction strength, these universal relations always hold. This approach unfolds a simple universality behind complex loss processes of many‐body systems and provides physicists and chemists with a new tool to explore ultracold molecules.
The challenge of differentiating tuberculous meningitis from bacterial meningitis
Authors: Kurihara Momoko , Kuroki Tomonori , Nomura Yushi , Katsube Otohiro , Umetsu Takafumi , Numao Toshio , Shimizu Taro , Sugiyama Kumiya 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a rare but important differential diagnosis in patients with impaired consciousness. Here, we describe a case of TBM in an 83‐year‐old Japanese woman who presented to a local hospital with fever and decreased consciousness of 20 days' duration (from day −40). She was started on treatment for bacterial meningitis due to an increased cerebrospinal fluid cell count, but her condition did not improve. She was transferred to a second hospital on suspicion for cholecystitis, then to a university hospital when consciousness did not improve and finally to us at a fourth hospital. On day −2, diffuse granulation was seen in both lung fields on chest computed tomography, sputum Mycobacterium test was positive and adenosine deaminase was elevated in spinal fluid. We diagnosed TBM secondary to miliary tuberculosis and started treatment with steroids and anti‐tuberculous drugs (day 0). However, her level of consciousness did not improve and she died at a sanatorium on day 178. Delayed treatment of TBM has a prognostic impact and should be kept in mind as a differential diagnosis for impaired consciousness.