bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Studies of Hydrogeophysical Potential of Groundwater Occurrences in Djohong Municipality, Adamawa Cameroon
Authors: Raouf Abdou , KASI NJEUDJANG , Yue Jianhua , Yang Haiyan , Li Fengping 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Djohong municipality is located at the border between Eastern Cameroon and Central African Republic (CAR), in the Mbere division. The region is a shelter for thousands of people fleeing the socio-political crisis in CAR and it lacks safe drinking water supply. Surface water, rainwater, and shallow groundwater wells are the main water sources. As a result, deep aquifers appear to be an affordable solution to the widespread water demand gap in the region of Djohong. Forty-nine Schlumberger vertical electrical sounding (VES) were carried out in the framework of this study with maximum current electrode spacing of 240 m. The purpose was to investigate the occurrences of groundwater and related structural elements in the study area, which hosts two refugee camps, Ngam and Borgop. Eight geoelectric profiles were realized and their geological characteristics vary from the altered part to the bedrock, with ferruginous sediments and metaconglomerates in between. The altered part is composed of topsoil, travertines, sandy clay, clayey sand, and fractured shales with different geophysical characteristics. Two aquifer systems were highlighted, respectively in the altered soils of clayey sand and low permeability fractured rocks. The upper aquifer made of clayey sand is located in Ngam camp with thickness of 5 to 15 m and resistivity of 700 – 1500 Ω.m. The lower aquifer which is considered the main aquifer is located in both camps. It is hosted in the low permeability fractured shales of the Ngam camp, with resistivity of 200 to 1000 Ω.m and thickness of 34 to 82 m. In the Borgop camp, it occurs in the fractured granitic bedrock at about 8 and 19 m deep. Structurally, the study area is controlled by several potential faults, with NE – SW strike as a whole. The present study highlighted favourable conditions reducing geological and hydrogeological limitations to provision of safe drinking water for refugees of the two camps in Djohong.
Swine Influenza Virus Triggers Ferroptosis In A549 Cells To Enhance Virus Replication
Authors: Cheng Jinghua , Tao Jie , Li Benqiang , Shi Ying , liu Huili 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Recently, Influenza A virus (IAV) has been found to induce several programmed cell death pathways that play essential roles in host defense. Indeed, cell death caused by viral infection may be a mixed pattern of cell death instead of a certain single mode. Ferroptosis is a novel form of regulated cell death (RCD) that is mainly mediated by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Basis on the proteomic data, we wonder whether IAV can cause ferroptosis in host cells.Method: In this study, a quantitative proteomics approach based on an iTRAQ combined with LC–MS/MS was used to profile expressed proteins in A549 cells infected with H1N1 SIV. Meanwhile, we measured the intracellular iron content, reactive oxygen species (ROS) release and lipid peroxidation in response to SIV infection. At last, drug experiment was used to investigate effects of ferroptosis on modulating SIV survival.Results: Bioinformatics analysis revealed several proteins closely relevant to iron homeostasis and transport are identified and ferroptosis signaling pathway are highly enriched in response to SIV infection. In our experiment, we found that aberrant expression of iron-binding proteins disrupts labile iron uptake and storage after SIV infection. Meanwhile, SIV infection inhibited system Xc−/GPX4 axis that result in GSH depletion and the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products. Notably, cell death caused by SIV as a result of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation can be partially rescued by ferroptosis inhibitor. Additionally, blockade of the ferroptotic pathway by Fer-1 treatment decreased viral titers and inflammatory response.Conclusion: This study revealed a new mode of cell death induced by IAV infection, which might improve the understanding of the underlying mechanism involved in interaction of virus and host cells.
LncRNA DUXAP8 Induces Breast Cancer Radioresistance by Modulating the PI3K/AKT Pathway and the EZH2-E-Cadherin/RHOB Pathway
Authors: Lei Changjiang , Li Shaoting , Fan Ying , Hua Li , Pan Qingyun , Li Yuan , Yang Rui , Long Zhixiong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundRadiation resistance poses a major clinical challenge in breast cancer (BC) treatment, but little is known about how long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) may regulate this phenomenon. We aimed to explore the role and possible mechanisms of lncRNA DUXAP8 in radiotherapy resistance of BC. Methods We used gain-of-function and loss-of-function assays to examine the impact of DUXAP8 on the radiosensitivity of BC cells. We performed RNA immunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays to determine the potential mechanisms of DUXAP8. Results Here, we reported that DUXAP8 was highly expressed in radioresistant BC tissues, and high expression of DUXAP8 was associated with poor prognosis. We found that the overexpression of DUXAP8 promoted radioresistance, while inhibition of DUXAP8 expression increased radiosensitivity. Further studies revealed that DUXAP8 enhanced the radioresistance of BC cells by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway and by repressing the expression of E-cadherin and RHOB through interaction with EZH2. Moreover, DUXAP8 depletion significantly improved the radiosensitivity of BC in vivo. Conclusions Together, our work demonstrates for the first time, the ability of DUXAP8 to promote radiation resistance through modulating the PI3K/AKT pathway and the EZH2-E-cadherin/RHOB pathway.
A Mechanism Study Of Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate On Oil Recovery: Effect Of Branched Chain Structure
Authors: Wang Shiyan , Guo Huiying , Wang Bei , Liu Sai , Yuan Shundong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The effects of the branched structures of SDBS molecules on oil recovery are investigated by molecular dynamics method. The relative density of oil molecules shows that SDBS molecule with benzene ring located near the center of alkyl chain has the best effect on oil displacement. Dynamic trajectories show that the water and SDBS molecules gradually occupy the calcite surface and replace the oil droplets. In this process, more water molecules gather nearby the polar groups of SDBS, indicating that the polar group has a significant effect on the water infiltration and the formation of water channels. Contact angle between SDBS molecule and calcite surface indicates that compared to straight chains, the branched structure tends to spread on the calcite interface. Moreover, adsorption energies of the simulation systems further prove that as the aromatic ring is closer to the middle of the alkyl chain, the oil displacement effect is better.
A universal approach to predicting resilience of complex systems
Authors: Xu Mengkai , Radhakrishnan Srinivasan , Jin Xiaoning , Kamarthi Sagar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Perturbations in networked dynamical complex systems could cause cascading failures, consequently instability, and eventually collapse of the systems. In this work, we derive a set of formulations that help us understand the mechanism of high-dimensional interactions among components and uncover the principles that control the dynamics of interacting components. Our formulation reduces the system’s high dimensional dynamics to a parsimonious resilience function of a parameter that solely depends on the topology but effectively captures the complex interaction structure. The experimental results demonstrate that the formulation can accurately predict the resilience loss brought about by perturbations and identify the tipping point where the systemic collapse occurs. These predictive results can be used for enhancing a complex system’s ability to withstand perturbations and avert catastrophic collapses. The study highlights the topological properties that can be used as principles for improving the resilience of ecosystems, biological systems, economic systems and technological infrastructures.
Split northern westerlies during the Little Ice Age
Authors: Shen Chuan-Chou , Chiang John , Trouet Valerie , Michel Véronique , Tsai Hsien-Chen , Valensi Patricia , Spötl Christoph , Starnini Elisabetta , Zunino Marta , Chien Wei-Yi , Sung Wen-Hui , Chien Yu-Tang , Chang Ping , Korty Robert , Hu Hsun-Ming 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The Little Ice Age (LIA) was the coldest period of the past millennium, characterized by high-density volcanism, low solar activity, and increased Northern Hemisphere sea-ice cover. Past studies of LIA circulation changes over the North Atlantic sector have typically referenced the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), though recent studies have noted that LIA climate patterns appear to be possess complexity not captured by an NAO analog. Here, we present a new precipitation-sensitive stalagmite record from northern Italy that covers the past 800 years at high resolution. Combined with terrestrial and marine records in the North Atlantic realm, we show that in the early LIA (1470-1610 C.E.), a multi-decadal scale atmospheric blocking over northern Europe split the westerlies away from central and northern Europe, and towards the Arctic and the Mediterranean. This enhanced blocking results in a cold and dry climate over central and northern Europe, and wetter conditions over the Mediterranean. The LIA atmospheric blocking could be caused by the concurrent sea-ice reduction in the Arctic and the Spörer solar minimum. With ongoing ice melting in the northern high latitudes and decreasing solar irradiance in the coming years, the early LIA may potentially serve as an analog for European hydroclimatic conditions in the coming decades.
Effect of multiple spatial scale characterization of land use on water quality
Authors: Li Hongran , Zhao Binjie , Wang Dezhi , Zhang Kerong , Tan Xiang , Zhang Quanfa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Land-use in uplands is an important factor affecting water quality in its respective catchment, and its influences at the different spatial scales and configurations warrant further investigation. Here, we selected 26 catchments in the upper Han River (China) and sampled the surface water at the outlet of each catchment in four seasons during 2019. Multivariate statistics were used to identify the relationships between land use characteristics in uplands and water quality in river system. The results indicated that organic pollution (CODMn), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), ions concentration (EC), nutrient (i.e., NH+ 4-N, NO- 3-N and dissolved phosphorus (DP) in rivers displayed significant seasonal variations. Stepwise regression revealed that landscape metrics such as Patch Density (PD), Landscape Shape Index (LSI), and Splitting Index (SPLIT) were important factors influencing water quality in rivers regardless of their spatiality and seasonality. Urban was the most frequently appeared land-use type in the best prediction models, and forest area showed a negative correlation with water quality parameters in most cases. Overall, the influence of land-use on river water quality was slightly higher at reach scale than at catchment and riparian scales. Also, nutrients (i.e., NH+ 4-N, NO- 3-N, and DP) in rivers were primarily impacted by the land use characteristic at catchment and riparian scales. Overall, our results suggested that multi-scale explorations would help to achieve a fully understanding on the impacts of land use on river water quality.
Optimization and Kinetics Studies of Biodiesel Synthesis from Jatropha Curcas Oil Under the Application of Eco-Friendly Microwave Heating Technique: An Environmentally Benign and Sustainable Bio-Waste Management Approach
Authors: Amesho Kassian T.T. , Lin Yuan-Chung , Chen Chin-En , Cheng Pei-Cheng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study attempts to synthesize biodiesel as a green liquid fuel from Jatropha curcas oil utilizing waste eggshell (WES) as an effective and excellent sustainable source of the heterogeneous catalyst under the application of environmental benign microwave heating technique. After preparing the CaO-based catalyst, diverse characterization techniques such as XRD, EDS, SEM, FITR, and BET were employed for measurements. Under different optimized conditions, a considerable high biodiesel yield of 91.7% was attained while employing the following reaction conditions; methanol to oil ratio (MTOR) of 9:1, 5 wt% catalyst loading, 165 min reaction time with a microwave power of 800 W, and a 65°C reaction temperature. The developed catalyst had significantly retained its reusability up to the 5th cycle of reuse. The catalysed transesterification process's activation energy (Ea) of 9.58 kJ/mol demonstrated that the reaction is chemically controlled. The physico-chemical properties of the Jatropha curcas oil (JCO) biodiesel were studied in accordance with international standards such as ASTM D6751 and EN14214, among others. Therefore, the waste eggshell has been utilized as a renewable base heterogeneous catalyst for novel biodiesel synthesis from JCO, which can be applied in diesel engines to lessen air pollution, specifically pollutant emissions from diesel vehicles. The results of this study are not for academic purposes only. They can also serve as models for industrial biodiesel production by exploiting bio-waste as catalysts and non-edible oils as feedstocks in microwave heating systems as environmentally friendly chemistry systems. In addition, our study uses non-consumable oil feedstock and bio-waste materials in an economical way to produce biofuel while contributing to environmental sustainability and sustainable bio-waste management. This approach extends to the existing state-of-the-art research. Therefore, the proposed value increase method contributes to integrating the circular economy concept through an efficient biorefinery model.
Parents’ Knowledge And Predictions About The Age Of Menarche: Experimental Evidence From Honduras
Authors: Accerenzi Michela , Brañas-Garza Pablo , Jorrat Diego 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Access to accurate, timely and age-appropriate information about menarche is an essential part of menstrual health. Reliable evidence shows that girls primarily obtain information from their mothers and/or other female family members, therefore, it is important to determine parents’ knowledge and their predictions about other parents’ knowledge of the age of menarche. To this end, we performed a pre-registered study with data collected from 360 households in Santa Rosa de Copán, Honduras. We implemented a novel procedure to avoid social desirability bias whereby participants answered two separated questions: i) their knowledge about the age of menarche (self-report) and ii) to predict or guess the modal response of the other participants regarding the same question (modal guess). Participants were paid according to accuracy. Both questions appeared randomly in the survey. Results show that parents’ knowledge is high in the study area. Recent studies indicate the age of menarche at 12 years old and 56.11% of the sample gave the same response while 62.78% hit the modal value. We estimated the impact of different sociodemographic variables and found only marginal differences. Interestingly, people with formal education and women tend to respond with lower predictions.
Does Climate Aid Truly Work for Carbon Emissions Reduction? Evidence from the Belt and Road Countries
Authors: Zeng An , Sheng Yuhui , Gu Baihe , Wang Zhengzao , Wang Mingyue 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The climate change crisis requires strong, rapid and sustained global actions to limit greenhouse gas emissions in the coming decades. Although most developed countries are in the emissions reduction stage on the path towards carbon neutrality, numerous developing countries, mainly distributed along the Belt and Road, are facing severe pressure in the low-carbon transition. Therefore, a large amount of financial support from developed countries is required. Considering that the Belt and Road countries receive over 60% of global climate aid, with energy as the largest usage sector, the present study evaluated the effects of climate aid on carbon emissions and the impact mechanism through energy structure optimization. A systematic panel approach using system generalized method of moments estimators was established, and then the panel data of 93 Belt and Road countries from 2000–2018 were used for empirical analysis. The results show that climate aid has a significant reduction effect on the carbon emissions intensity of Belt and Road countries, and the dominant component of climate aid, i.e., mitigation aid, shows better carbon emissions reduction benefits than adaptation aid. The impact mechanism clarifies that climate aid has dual carbon emissions reduction effects in BRI countries with an intermediate energy structure, indicating that climate aid not only directly reduces carbon emissions by increasing carbon reduction resources in BRI countries but also indirectly reduces carbon emissions by promoting renewable energy to optimize the energy structure. This paper suggests that to promote the low-carbon transition and carbon neutrality process in Belt and Road countries, more climate finance support should be provided by developed countries as pledged, the effectiveness of climate aid should be improved by investing in projects with significant carbon reduction effects such as renewable energy, and monitoring and performance evaluation of climate aid should be strengthened.
Thymectomy in Ocular Myasthenia Gravis - Prognosis and Risk Factors Analysis
Authors: Zhang Jinwei , Zhang Zeyang , Zhang Hui , Cui Yuantao , Chen Yuan , Lv Peng , Zhang Peng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Several retrospective studies have identiﬁed risk factors associated with ocular myasthenia gravis (OMG) generalization in non-operative patients. However, the outcome of OMG after thymectomy has not been properly investigated. This study aims to explore the clinical predictors for post-thymectomy OMG prognosis.Methods: We performed a retrospective review of OMG patients at our institution who underwent thymectomy from January 2012 to December 2021. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were used to evaluate associations between clinical features and prognosis. Outcome measures consisted of OMG conversion and complete stable remission (CSR).Results: 58 patients were identified for conversion analysis. 13 developed generalized MG (GMG) at a median time of 12.7 (3-37.3) months from symptom onset. Repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) positivity was associated with increased risk of conversion (p=0.002). Patients with histotype B2/B3 thymoma showed a higher risk of conversion (P =0.002) compared with patients with hyperplasia and AB/B1 thymoma. 52 patients fulfilled the criteria for CSR analysis. 16 achieved CSR at a median time of 28.7 (15-54) months after thymectomy. Patients achieved CSR showed a younger age of onset (p=0.022), lower percentage of acetylcholine receptor antibody (AchR Ab) seropositivity (p=0.029). Histologically, patients with thymic hyperplasia and stage I thymoma showed a higher chance of CSR (P =0.010) compared with patients with stage II/III thymoma. Multivariate analysis revealed that positive RNS (HR=6.007, p=0.021), histotype B2-3 thymoma (HR=4.611, p=0.048) were associated with OMG conversion. While, thymic hyperplasia and stage I thymoma (HR=0.300, p=0.026) were associated with OMG CSR after thymectomy.Conclusion: For OMG patients after thymectomy, RNS positivity and histotype B2-3 thymoma are independent predictors of developing GMG. Whereas thymic hyperplasia and stage I thymoma independently predict CSR.
Identification of biomarkers correlated with IgA nephropathy with co‐expression analysis
Authors: Wang Lijuan , Wang Dan , Hong Xiaofan , Li Ping , Bao Kun , Zhao Daixin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background. IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common type of chronic glomerular disease with rapid disease progression. However, the pathogenesis of IgAN remains undefined, and it is necessary to improve treatments. Recently, many potential genes closely associated with the molecular mechanism of various diseases have been identified by weighted gene co-expression network analysis.Results. We identified the 9 gene co-expression modules by performing WGCNA and the tan module was closely related to IgAN biological process. The most of the genes in this module largely involved in immunoreaction, and inflammatory response，such as T cell activation, positive regulation of leukocyte-cell adhesion, positive regulation of cell activation. After performing PPI network, we found Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type C(PTPRC) was located at the center. It was identified as a key gene related to IgAN，potentially associated to the progression in IgAN. Additionally, validation with other three datasets from GEO also indicated that PTPRC was upregulated in IgAN compared with normal control. Finally, Pearson’s correlation analysis between the expression of PTPRC and IgAN kidney function indicated that the aberrant overexpression of PTPRC was related to IgAN renal lesions. Conclusions. Our study has demonstrated that PTPRC is a potential gene linked with the pathogenesis of IgAN for new interventions.Methods. We obtained microarray data from the GSE11662 dataset from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database containing 52 patients with IgAN and 7 healthy controls. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was conducted to find the trait-related module. Then, we conducted Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses for further biological information. Finally, we identified the hub gene by protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and other three datasets validation, followed by exploring the associations between the key gene and kidney function with IgAN using the Nephroseq v5 online database.
Factors Influencing and Long-Term Effects of Manual Myotomy Phenomenon During Physiotherapy for Congenital Muscular Torticollis
Authors: Zhao Zhenhui , Deng Hansheng , Qiu Xin , Tang Gen , Zheng Huijia , Yang Fang , Gao Futang , wu Zhengyu , Li Yuanheng , Zeng Shuaidan , Zhao Jiaxin , Sun Yiyuan , Zhou Ziheng , Tang Yu , Cui Zhiwen , Li Weiqing , Chen Xiaodi , Cai Ting , Liu Xian , Li Shicheng , Yang Qisong , Tang Shengping , Xiong Zhu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the factors influencing and long-term effects of manual myotomy (MM) occurring during physical therapy for congenital muscular torticollis (CMT).
Methods
We retrospectively collected the clinical data of children with CMT receiving physical treatment between 2008 and 2018. The children were divided into MM and NMM groups according to whether MM occurred during treatment. Clinical data and outcome indicators (craniofacial asymmetry parameters and Cheng–Tang rating score) were compared.
Results
The MM group had a significantly higher total Cheng–Tang rating score than the NMM group (P < 0.05). Age at initial physiotherapy session was the risk factor for MM during physiotherapy.
Conclusion
Children with CMT developing MM during physiotherapy generally have a good outcome, although we do not recommend MM as a goal of treatment. Physiotherapists should understand this phenomenon, assess relevant factors to predict risk, and carefully observe treatment to prevent possible complications.