bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solution Processed CZTS Thin Films and its Simulation Study for Solar Cell Applications with ZnTe as the Buffer Layer
Authors: Singh Amanpal , Prakash Bhanu , Meena Arti , Saini Yogesh Kumar , Mahich Sanju , Kumari Sarita , Tripathi Chander Shekhar Pati , Choudhary Banwari Lal 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The use of ZnTe as the buffer layer in the Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) based solar cells showed the improvement in overall efficiency. It may also reduce the overall cost of these cells as both the layers (absorbing and buffer) are having eco-friendly and earth abundant constitutes. The sol-gel spin coating method is used for the deposition of CZTS thin films on the corning glass substrates. The X-ray diffraction studies showed the peaks corresponding to (112), (200), (220) and (312) planes which confirmed the formation of essential kesterite phase. The optical band gap of the deposited films was found around 1.9 eV by UV-visible spectrophotometer. The optimum thickness of the absorber layer was investigated based on the performance of ZnO:Al/ZnO/ZnTe/CZTS/Mo cell structure by using AMPS-1D simulation tool, while the tool was moulded by the investigated data from the sol-gel deposited CZTS thin films. The efficiency of solar cell was found to be increased till 22.64% with increment in the thickness of absorber buffer layer up to 2500 nm and beyond this it starts to decrease. In addition to this, it was also analysed that the current density is improved with operating temperature as it is one of the requirements in the high solar radiation areas where the temperature rise more than 50ᵒC in summer.
Hybrid cryptosystem based on deterministic phase masks in Fresnel domain and Yang-Gu mixture amplitude-phase retrieval algorithm
Authors: Tobria Archana , Singh Phool 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper, an encryption scheme based on double deterministic phase encoding and Yang-Gu mixture amplitude-phase retrieval algorithm is proposed. The deterministic phase masks are constructed using chaotic logistic and cubic maps. Firstly, an input image is encoded with double deterministic phase masks in Fresnel domain. The phase truncated part of the resulting image is used as an input to the Yang-Gu mixture amplitude-phase retrieval algorithm in the Fourier domain. The encrypted image is obtained by one-way binary modulation is real-valued which makes it more convenient for storage and transmission. The proposed cryptosystem is termed as hybrid as it combines a symmetric and an asymmetric scheme. The validation of the proposed cryptosystem is performed by numerical simulations on grayscale images of Man, DICOM, and a binary image. The proposed scheme is investigated for its robustness through statistical analysis using histogram and correlation plots. The scheme is also tested for its resistance against occlusion, noise, and cryptographic attacks. The proposed cryptosystem is found to be highly sensitive to its private key and the Fresnel parameters.
NSMCE2, a Novel Super-Enhancer-Regulated Gene, is Linked to Poor Prognosis and Therapy Resistance in Breast Cancer
Authors: Benedetto Carolina Di , Oh Justin , Choudhery Zainab , Shi Weiquan , Valdes Gilmer , Betancur Paola 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite today’s advances in the treatment of cancer, breast cancer-related mortality remains high, in part due to the lack of effective targeted therapies against breast tumor types that do not respond to standard treatments. Therefore, identifying additional breast cancer molecular targets is urgently needed. Super-enhancers are large regions of open chromatin involved in the overactivation of oncogenes. Thus, inhibition of super-enhancers has become a focus in clinical trials for its therapeutic potential. Here, we aimed to identify novel super-enhancer dysregulated genes highly associated with breast cancer patients’ poor prognosis and negative response to treatment.
Methods
Using existing datasets containing super-enhancer-associated genes identified in breast tumors and public databases comprising genomic and clinical information for breast cancer patients, we investigated whether highly expressed super-enhancer-associated genes correlate to breast cancer patients’ poor prognosis and to patients’ poor response to therapy. Our computational findings were experimentally confirmed in breast cancer cells by pharmacological SE disruption and gene silencing techniques.
Results
We bioinformatically identified two novel super-enhancer-associated genes – NSMCE2 and MAL2 – highly upregulated in breast tumors, for which high RNA levels significantly and specifically correlate with breast cancer patients’ poor prognosis. Through in-vitro pharmacological super-enhancer disruption assays, we confirmed that super-enhancers upregulate NSMCE2 and MAL2 transcriptionally, and, through bioinformatics, we found that high levels of NSMCE2 strongly associate with patients’ poor response to chemotherapy, especially for patients diagnosed with aggressive triple negative and HER2 positive tumor types. Finally, we showed that decreasing NSMCE2 gene expression by super-enhancer blockade or by directly silencing it increases breast cancer cells’ sensitivity to chemotherapy treatment.
Conclusions
Our results indicate that moderating the transcript levels of NSMCE2 could improve patients’ response to standard chemotherapy consequently improving disease outcome. Our approach offers a new avenue to identify a signature of tumor specific genes that are not frequently mutated but dysregulated by super-enhancers. As a result, this strategy can lead to the discovery of potential and novel pharmacological targets for improving targeted therapy and the treatment of breast cancer.
Usefulness of three protein signatures (Mastocheck) for follow-up after breast cancer surgery
Authors: Kim YUMI , Noh Dong-Young , Lim Changjin , Kim Hong-Kyu , Kim Sungsoo , Ahn Kyung-guen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate whether the three protein markers that we had developed previously for early breast cancer diagnosis, are useful for postoperative follow-up. Methods: Of 111 patients with breast cancer that were prospectively enrolled and underwent blood tests before, 8-weeks, 6-months, or 1-year after surgery, 53 underwent serial tests preoperatively to 1-year postoperatively. Protein biomarker changes were analyzed before and after surgery. Moreover, 145 patients who underwent surgery >1 year previously, were prospectively enrolled into the recurrence and non-recurrence (no evidence of disease; NED) groups. Using traditional and artificial intelligence analysis methods, we determined whether the biomarkers could identify disease presence or absence, and evaluated whether significant correlation occurred in biomarker changes. Results: Of the 111 included patients, 105 and 53 were followed-up for 8 weeks and 6 months to 1 year after surgery, respectively. Preoperatively, biomarker diagnostic sensitivity was 73.0%; 8-weeks and 6-months to 1-year after surgery, normalized blood biomarker level occurred in 67.6% and 86.8% of patients, respectively. Among 53 patients with serial tests, preoperative test sensitivity was 73.6%, which normalized after 6 month in 86.8%. Greater than 1-year after surgery, 38/63 patients with recurrence developed cancer, and 66/81 NED patients were cancer-free (62.5% sensitivity; 81.5% specificity). The upgraded version of biomarker analysis confirmed a further improved performance (with recurrence, 82.5% sensitivity; with NED, 87.7% specificity). Conclusions: Blood protein signatures (Mastocheck) developed for early breast cancer diagnosis normalized over time postoperatively, and could be used as a biological monitoring test after breast cancer surgery.
Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia with opioids after thoracoscopic lung surgery: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Yu Hong , Tian Wei , Xu Zhao , Jiang Rongjuan , Jin Liang , Mao Wenjie , Chen Ying , Yu Hai 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Opioids remain the mainstream therapy for post-surgical pain. The choice of opioids administered by patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) for thoracoscopic lung surgery is unclear. This study compared 3 opioid analgesics for achieving satisfactory analgesia with minimal emesis (SAME).
Methods
This randomized clinical trial enrolled patients scheduled for thoracoscopic lung surgery randomized to receive 1 of 3 opioids for PCIA: oxycodone (group O), hydromorphone (group H), and sufentanil (group S). The primary outcome was the proportion of subjects achieving SAME, i.e., no-to-mild pain (pain score < 4/10) with minimal nausea/vomiting (PONV score < 2/4) when coughing during the pulmonary rehabilitation exercise in the first 3 postoperative days.
Results
Of 555 enrolled patients, 184 patients in group O, 186 in group H and 184 in group S were included in the final analysis. The primary outcome of SAME was significantly different among group O, H and S (41.3% vs 40.3% vs 29.9%, P = 0.043), but no difference was observed between pairwise group comparisons. Patients in groups O and H had lower pain scores when coughing on the second day after surgery than those in group S, both with mean differences of 1 (3(3,4) and 3(3,4) vs 4(3,4), P = 0.009 and 0.039, respectively). The PONV scores were comparable between three groups (P > 0.05). There were no differences in other opioid-related side effects, patient satisfaction score, and QoR-15 score among three groups.
Conclusions
Given clinically relevant benefits detected, PCIA with oxycodone or hydromorphone is superior to sufentanil for achieving SAME as a supplement to multimodal analgesia in patients undergoing thoracoscopic lung surgery.
Trial registration:
This study was registered at http://www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR2100045614, 19/04/2021).
Research on Co-benefits of China’s Carbon Emissions Trading Scheme
Authors: Liu Zijian , Zhang Yabin , Cai Lian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Based on the panel data of 281 prefecture-level cities in China from 2007 to 2017, this paper empirically explores the co-benefits of Carbon Emissions Trading Scheme. The study found that the Carbon Emissions Trading Scheme effectively achieved the coordinated control of carbon dioxide and air pollutants by improving the green production level of the pilot area, reducing the regional industrial output, and promoting the upgrading of the industrial structure, and also had spillover effects on the surrounding cities of the pilot area. The heterogeneity study found that this policy and the "Blue Sky Defense" policy achieved an effective combination, and cities that implemented the two policies at the same time had a stronger synergistic control effect.
Improvement of biohydrogen production from date wastes by Thermotoga maritima using a continuous anaerobic membrane bioreactor
Authors: Saidi Rafika , Hamdi Moktar , Bouallagui Hassib 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Hydrogen (H 2 ) is a promising energy carrier owing to its environmentally friendly properties and high energy content. The aim of this work is to achieve a continuous H 2 production from a simplified culture medium composed of date wastes (DW) and natural seawater using the marine bacterium, Thermotoga maritima . Increasing the dilution rate ( D ) from 0.02 to 0.25 h -1 in the continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) improved the volumetric H 2 production rate ( Q H2 ) from 2 to 17 mmol/L.h. At a D above 0.25 h -1 , a washout of the bacterium cells was observed, resulting in a significant decrease of biomass concentration (BC) and then the drop in Q H2 . The production of H 2 was improved by using a membrane bioreactor (MBR) due to the cell retention in the reactor. At a high D of 0.6 h -1 , the maximum Q H2 was increased from 0.6 to 61.75 mmol/L.h, which is higher than those previously reported on continuous H 2 production from different substrates. Moreover, increasing the hexose concentration in the date juice (DJ) from 30 to 60 mmol/L further enhanced the H 2 production. It allowed a Q H2 . of 70.2 mmol/L.h which is interesting for a large scale production of H 2 from date wastes.
Aspirin use during pregnancy and placental pathology in obese women in a large prospective cohort study
Authors: Jing Shiwen , Ye Jiangfeng , Lu Danni , Xie Hehui , Feng Liping , Xie Zhifang , Zhang Jun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The placenta plays a critical role in the development of preeclampsia. Low-dose aspirin can prevent preeclampsia in high-risk women, but the mechanisms are unclear. We examined the association between aspirin use during pregnancy and the placental pathology in obese women to better understand how aspirin may work. Methods: Data were taken from the U.S. Collaborative Perinatal Project (CPP), a large prospective cohort study conducted at 12 centers from 1959 to 1976. Live singleton pregnancies (n=42,308) with information on placental pathology and aspirin exposure during pregnancy were included. Pre-pregnancy BMI >= 30.0 kg/m2 and 25.0 kg/m2 <= BMI < 30.0 kg/m2 were defined as obese (n=2,286) and overweight (n=5,673), respectively. Placental pathology examinations were performed by a team of trained pathologists according to a standard protocol. We further divided the placental pathology into three clusters: hypoxia-related, inflammation-related, and hemorrhage-related placental indicators. Generalized estimating equation was used to examine the association between aspirin use during pregnancy and placental pathological changes adjusting for potential confounders.Results: Among obese women, aspirin use in one, two and three trimesters during pregnancy tended to have lower risks of hypoxia-related placental pathologic changes (OR=0.99, 95% CI: 0.70-1.39; OR=0.77, 95% CI: 0.48-1.24; OR=0.43, 95% CI: 0.20-0.91, respectively) and hemorrhage-related placental pathologic changes (OR=0.89, 95% CI: 0.60-1.32; OR=0.50, 95% CI: 0.28-0.89; OR=0.49, 95%CI: 0.21-1.19, respectively) compared to women who did not use aspirin during pregnancy. In addition, aspirin use in all three trimesters may have a protective effect on inflammation-related placental pathologic changes (OR=0.43, 95% CI: 0.15-1.25). The positive association was not as prominent in overweight women. Aspirin use was associated with lower risks of thrombus, calcification, cysts, fibrin deposition, syncytium-nuclear clumping, necrosis, macrophage, and neutrophilic infiltration in the placentae.Conclusions: Our study suggests that aspirin use during pregnancy was associated with a decreased risk of placental pathological changes in obese women. The positive association increase with the duration of use.
How do South African newspapers frame schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders?
Authors: Masinga Nombuso , Nyamaruze Patrick , Akintola Olagoke 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The way schizophrenia is portrayed in the media contributes to the dissemination of misinformation about the symptoms, causes, and treatment of the mental disorder. The framing of news stories has the potential to perpetuate or mitigate the stigmatization of schizophrenia. While research on the news media’s role in exacerbating or mitigating the stigmatization of schizophrenia has been conducted widely in other contexts, our search did not yield any study on media framing of schizophrenia in South Africa. Therefore, this study uses the framing theory to investigate the media framing of schizophrenia in the South African context. Methods: We examined 216 news stories that covered the schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders from 20 South African newspapers retrieved from the SABINET – SA Media online archive over a 10-year period (2004–2014). Thematic analysis was used to analyse the news stories.Results: The findings show that most of the news stories had problems as their main frame. These were followed by stories framed to diagnose the causes of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders; and stories that made moral judgements about issues around the schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders. Stories that were classified as suggesting remedies were relatively less frequent. Problems and causes were the dominant frames each year for the 11year period. Suggested remedies were shown to be the least reported each year. Nonetheless we observed fluctuations across the years of analysis.Conclusions: The study underscores the potential role of media analyses in framing schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. We found that using the framing perspective as a way of identifying the primary themes or ideas presented in print media was very useful. Our findings highlight the need for collaboration between researchers and the media to enhance opportunities for improved and more nuanced reporting of mental health issues.
A novel single TCR gamma chain fused with antibody-based binding domain facilitates T cell cytotoxicity for potent anti-tumor response without forming TCR-CD3 complex
Authors: Lin Changyou , Pei Hong , Yuan Xiaomei , Xu Jia , Zou Mingwei , Chen Zhao , Fossier Amber , Liu Meizhu , Goo Seungah , Ying Ge , Tang Chunyi , Lei Lei , Zhang Wenying , Wang Zhenping , Hu Yue , Wang Zhihao , Zhao Ying , Hu Qidong , Ji Henry , Chen Runqiang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells have shown potent clinical efficacy in the treatment of hematopoietic malignancies. However, much less has been achieved in solid tumors, in part due to the CAR-T cell exhaustion caused by inhibitory molecules in the tumor microenvironment. Given that PD-L1 is widely expressed in various tumor types and the PD1/PD-L1 axis plays a pivotal role in T cell exhaustion, we developed a novel platform using a single chain variable fragment (scFv) γδ-based TCR to target PD-L1 expressing tumors. We edited the TRAC locus in T cells and expressed an anti-PD-L1 scFv fused to the constant region of either the TCRδ or γ chain. We showed that the reconfigured γδ TCRs were capable of transducing signals once PD-L1 antigen was engaged by the scFv, leading to production of inflammatory cytokines, degranulation, and potent tumor killing activity both in vitro and in various xenograft solid tumor models. Surprisingly, we discovered that a new form of TCR, generated by fusing an scFv coding region to that of a single TCRγ chain, is sufficient to activate T cells and direct T cell functional activity. Moreover, in contrast to the classic TCRγδ, this new synthetic TCR appeared to transduce signals without complexing with endogenous CD3, which represents a new platform of cancer therapeutics.
Fuzzy transform based approximation method for solving fractional semi-explicit differential-algebraic equations
Authors: Bahrami Fariba , Mirzajani Saeedeh , Shahmorad Sedaghat 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We present an efficient numerical method to approximate the solution of a system of fractional-order linear semi-explicit differential-algebraic equations with variable coefficients. The method is based on the use of the direct and inverse fuzzy transforms (F-transforms). By employing this method, we obtain an analytical approximate solution to the main problem in terms of flexible basic functions. The nonlocal property of fuzzy transforms helps us to have an efficient method for problems involving non-singular kernels. The error analysis and convergence evaluation of the method is demonstrated in detail. We give some examples to illustrate the significant features of the method.
RIG-I and TLR-7/8 agonists as combination adjuvant shape unique antibody and cellular vaccine responses to seasonal influenza vaccine
Authors: Schotsaert Michael , Jangra Sonia , Laghlali Gabriel , Choi Angela , Rathnasinghe Raveen , Chen Yong , Yildiz Soner , Coughlan Lynda , De Geest Bruno , Garcia-Sastre Adolfo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Influenza vaccine effectiveness could be improved by combination with an adjuvant with the potential to enhance the host-vaccine response both quantitatively and qualitatively. The goal of this study was to explore a RIG-I agonist (SDI-nanogel) and a TLR7/8 agonist (Imidazoquinoline (IMDQ)‐PEG‐Chol) as adjuvants, when co-administered with a licensed quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (QIV), and to determine the role of these adjuvants in directing helper T (Th) cell responses for their role in the immunoglobulin (Ig) class switching. Administration of QIV with the two adjuvants, individually or combined, resulted in enhanced HA-specific serum ELISA IgG titers, serum hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) titers and splenic T cell responses as examined by IFN-γ and IL-4 enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) assays, 4-weeks post-prime and post-boost vaccination in BALB/c mice. While QIV+SDI-nanogel largely induced antigen-specific IgG1 responses, QIV+IMDQ-PEG-Chol predominantly induced IgG2a antibody isotypes post-prime vaccination, suggesting efficient induction of Th2 (IL-4) and Th1 (IFN-γ) responses, respectively. Combination of the two adjuvants not only skewed the response completely towards IgG2a, but also resulted in induction of HAI titers that outperformed groups that received single adjuvant. Moreover, enhanced IgG2a titers correlate with antibody-mediated cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) that targets both the highly conserved H1 hemagglutination (HA) stalk domain and N1 neuraminidase (NA). A booster vaccination with QIV+IMDQ-PEG-Chol resulted in a more balanced IgG1/IgG2a response in animals primed with QIV+IMDQ-PEG-Chol but increased only IgG2a titers in animals that received the combination adjuvant during prime vaccination, suggesting that class switching events in germinal centres during the prime vaccination contribute to the outcome of booster vaccination. Importantly, IMDQ-PEG-Chol, alone or in combination, always outperformed the oil-in-water control adjuvant Addavax. Vaccine-induced antibody and T cell responses correlated with protection against lethal influenza virus infection. This study details the benefit of adjuvants that target multiple innate immune receptors to shape the host vaccine response.
Simultaneous Determination of Cis- and Trans-palmitoleic Acid in Rat Serum by UPLC-MS/MS
Authors: huang wenwen , zhang yiping , Zhong Liping , sun chunlong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Cis-palmitoleic acid (cPOA) and trans-palmitoleic acid (tPOA) are isomers of palmitoleic acid, which are monounsaturated fatty acids, affecting glucose and lipid metabolism, and reducing insulin resistance. tPOA was better than cPOA in regulating lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia mice, but the pharmacokinetic, metabolic transformation and structure-activity relationship have not been reported. Method: A precise and accurate ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (UPLC–MS/MS) method was developed to determine cPOA and tPOA simultaneously. cPOA and tPOA were administered i.g. (intragastric gavage) to rats at 75 mg/kg, serum samples were analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS on a reverse-phase BDS C18 column equilibrated and eluted with water (A) and acetonitrile (B) at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. Results: The calibration curves for cPOA and tPOA were linear over the range 0.1~12 μg/mL. Analytes were monitored by selected-reaction monitoring in negative electrospray ionization mode. The Tmax of cPOA was 0.94±0.44 h and the Cmax 8.17±1.97 μg/L, and the Tmax of tPOA was 1.50±0.98 h and the Cmax 14.77±11.91 μg/L. AUC0-24h of cPOA and tPOA were 59.45±29.83 and 113.88±72.25 mg/L*h. Conclusions: The method was applied in pharmacokinetic study of cPOA and tPOA in rat serum successfully. Besides, it’s found the concentration of cPOA and tPOA fluctuated in serum of rats with the consistent trend, which may be reciprocal bio-convert in the body.