bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multilayer dielectric grating pillar-removal damage induced by a picosecond laser
Authors: Shuai Kun , Liu Xiaofeng , Zhao Yuanan , Qiu Keqiang , Li Dawei , Gong He , Sun Jian , Zhou Li , Jiang Youen , Dai Yaping , Shao Jianda , Xia Zhilin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Multilayer dielectric gratings typically remove multiple-grating pillars after picosecond laser irradiation; however, the dynamic formation process of the removal is still unclear. In this study, the damage morphologies of multilayer dielectric gratings induced by an 8.6-ps laser pulse were closely examined. The damage included the removal of a single grating pillar and consecutive adjacent grating pillars and did not involve the destruction of the internal high-reflection mirror structure. Comparative analysis of the two damage morphological characteristics indicated the removal of adjacent pillars was related to an impact process caused by the eruption of localized materials from the left-hand pillar, exerting impact pressure on its adjacent pillars and eventually resulting in multiple pillar removal. A finite-element strain model was used to calculate the stress distribution of the grating after impact. According to the electric field distribution, the eruptive pressure of the dielectric materials after ionization was also simulated. The results suggest that the eruptive pressure resulted in a stress concentration at the root of the adjacent pillar that was sufficient to cause damage, corresponding to the experimental removal of the adjacent pillar from the root. This study provides further understanding of the laser-induced damage behavior of grating pillars and some insights into reducing the undesirable damage process for practical applications.
An elementary approach to component sizes in critical random graphs
Authors: De Ambroggio Umberto 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this article we introduce a simple tool to derive polynomial upper bounds for the probability of observing unusually large maximal components in some models of random graphs when considered at criticality. Specifically, we apply our method to a model of a random intersection graph, a random graph obtained through p-bond percolation on a general d-regular graph, and a model of an inhomogeneous random graph.
“From Ordaining Women to Combating White Supremacy: Oppositional Shifts in Social Attitudes between the Southern Baptist Convention and the Alliance of Baptists”
Authors: Gardner Andrew , Martí Gerardo 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTFrom its founding in 1987, the Alliance of Baptists’ stance on women in ministry served as the nexus point from which the small denominational body departed from its denominational forebears in the Southern Baptist Convention. As the Alliance adopted more and more progressive theological and social ideas, Southern Baptists adopted more and more conservative counterpoints, at times in response to each other. In 2021, the divergence of these two bodies came to the fore. As members of the Alliance of Baptists adopted a new covenant statement committing the denomination to “act to dismantle systems of white supremacy, patriarchy, and abusive power,” the Southern Baptists had walked away from working through their pro-slavery past and were agitating against critical race theory. Theological moves that began in a debate over women's ordination morphed into larger shifts that redefined what it meant to be a Baptist in the modern United States. How both denominational bodies came to embrace different systems of authority and governance in the late 1980s set both groups on divergent paths, leading to strikingly antithetical positions not only on issues of gender but also on issues surrounding race. The contrast further affirms that questions of gender and religious authority and questions of racism and white supremacy within denominational contexts are not isolated, separate questions but rather are deeply intertwined and related to one another. Overall, this SBC–Alliance history demonstrates how denominational bodies actively consider proximate organizations as they develop their own policies, processes, and public proclamations.
ON A CONJECTURE CONCERNING THE NUMBER OF SOLUTIONS TO
Authors: LE MAOHUA , STYER ROBERT 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLet a, b, c be fixed coprime positive integers with
$\min \{ a,b,c \}>1$
. Let
$N(a,b,c)$
denote the number of positive integer solutions
$(x,y,z)$
of the equation
$a^x + b^y = c^z$
. We show that if
$(a,b,c)$
is a triple of distinct primes for which
$N(a,b,c)>1$
and
$(a,b,c)$
is not one of the six known such triples, then
$c>10^{18}$
, and there are exactly two solutions
$(x_1, y_1, z_1)$
,
$(x_2, y_2, z_2)$
with
$2 \mid x_1$
,
$2 \mid y_1$
,
$z_1=1$
,
$2 \nmid y_2$
,
$z_2>1$
, and, taking
$a<b$
, we must have
$a=2$
,
$b \equiv 1 \bmod 12$
,
$c \equiv 5\, \mod 12$
, with
$(a,b,c)$
satisfying further strong restrictions. These results support a conjecture put forward by Scott and Styer [‘Number of solutions to
$a^x + b^y = c^z$
’, Publ. Math. Debrecen88 (2016), 131–138].
Resolving an open problem on the hazard rate ordering of p-spacings
Authors: Alimohammadi Mahdi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLet $V_{(r,n,\tilde {m}_n,k)}^{(p)}$ and $W_{(r,n,\tilde {m}_n,k)}^{(p)}$ be the $p$-spacings of generalized order statistics based on absolutely continuous distribution functions $F$ and $G$, respectively. Imposing some conditions on $F$ and $G$ and assuming that $m_1=\cdots =m_{n-1}$, Hu and Zhuang (2006. Stochastic orderings between p-spacings of generalized order statistics from two samples. Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences 20: 475) established $V_{(r,n,\tilde {m}_n,k)}^{(p)} \leq _{{\rm hr}} W_{(r,n,\tilde {m}_n,k)}^{(p)}$ for $p=1$ and left the case $p\geq 2$ as an open problem. In this article, we not only resolve it but also give the result for unequal $m_i$'s. It is worth mentioning that this problem has not been proved even for ordinary order statistics so far.
Documenting Indigenous oral traditions: Copyright for control
Authors: Oruç Pınar 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSimilar to the other forms of cultural heritage, Indigenous oral traditions are collected and held often by outsiders to the community. There are a number of instruments addressing this problem, but none of them provide complete control over such works. This article will focus on the possibility and instances of copyright being used to control oral traditions, both by outsiders and the Indigenous communities. The article will first provide an overview of the applicable legal areas (cultural property law, Indigenous rights, and intellectual property rights), and then it will assess different stages in the treatment of oral traditions. It will discuss the copyright implications for not only the traditions themselves but also their documented versions, subsequent copies, adaptations, and new works in order to provide a full picture of the relationship between control and copyright.
Sovereign dreams and bureaucratic strategies in princely Jaipur, c. 1750–1950
Authors: Dhabhai Garima 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article focuses on Jaipur city, capital of the Kachhawa Rajput state of Jaipur in the Rajputana region of north-western India (present-day Rajasthan). It seeks to braid the narrative of modernity in Jaipur with the tripartite networks of capital, knowledge and infrastructure that were contemporaneous to different phases of the city's transformation. Through a genealogical analysis of Jaipur's modernity from the eighteenth century to the mid-twentieth century, the article will present three distinct periods of its urbanization.
Regional Response of Land Hydrology and Carbon Uptake to Different Amounts of Solar Radiation Modification
Authors: Zhao Mengying , Cao Long 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSolar radiation modification (SRM) is a proposed method to cool the Earth by intentionally perturbing the Earth's energy balance. One concern about the effect of SRM is disparities in the regional climate response. In this study, we use the Community Earth System Model (CESM1.2) to analyze the regional response of land hydrology and terrestrial carbon uptake to different amounts of SRM. The SRM is implemented by a uniform increase in volcanic‐size sulfate aerosols in the stratosphere under a doubling of atmospheric CO2. Our results show that different amounts of SRM could either moderate or exacerbate CO2‐induced changes in land hydrology including precipitation, precipitation minus evapotranspiration, and soil moisture (SM), but the effect varies widely across regions and specific variables. An “optimal” amount of SRM that moderates land hydrology changes for one region might exacerbate changes for other regions (or vice versa). Also, our study shows that for quite a few regions, partial SRM moderates CO2‐induced change in precipitation minus evaporation but exacerbates changes in CO2‐induced SM. The response of terrestrial Net primary productivity (NPP) to different amounts of SRM shows large regional disparities, depending on whether temperature or water availability constrains NPP more. Our study also shows that the effect of CO2 physiological forcing plays a key role in regulating land hydrology response to SRM, especially at the regional scale.
Anthropogenic Carbon Transport Variability in the Atlantic Ocean Over Three Decades
Authors: Caínzos Verónica , Velo Antón , Pérez Fiz F. , Hernández‐Guerra Alonso 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe change in anthropogenic CO2 (Canth) in the Atlantic Ocean is linked to the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), that redistributes Canth meridionally and in depth. We have employed direct biogeochemical measurements and hydrographic data from the last 30 years, adjusted using inverse models for each decade with both physical and biogeochemical constraints. We then have computed the meridional transports and the vertical transports between two sections at the interphases by advection and diffusion. We have focused on the repeated sections at three latitudes—30°S, 24, and 55°N, dividing the Atlantic into two boxes. We have divided the net transport into upper, deep and abyssal layers, with an upper and abyssal northward transport of Canth and a southward component in deep layers. The change in time in the net transports of Canth appears to be mainly due to modifications in the transport of upper layers. The lower layer of the AMOC, a combination of deep and abyssal waters, maintain more consistent transports in time. Vertical advection plays an important role in the North Atlantic, exporting Canth from upper to deep layers. In the South Atlantic, the newly formed Antarctic Bottom Water exports Canth from abyssal to deep layers. The strong gradient in Canth concentration at the interphase of upper and deep layers results in a strong vertical diffusion.
Water and Chlorine in the Martian Subsurface Along the Traverse of NASA's Curiosity Rover: 1. DAN Measurement Profiles Along the Traverse
Authors: Mitrofanov I. G. , Nikiforov S. Y. , Djachkova M. V. , Lisov D. I. , Litvak M. L. , Sanin A. B. , Vasavada A. R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper presents estimates of the water and chlorine contents in the subsurface of Gale crater based on the measurements by the Dynamic Albedo of Neutrons (DAN) instrument onboard the NASA Curiosity rover. It is Part 1 of a two‐paper series. Data derived both from DAN active and passive measurements are presented in discrete surface areas (pixels) assuming a homogeneous distribution of water within the DAN sensing depth (60 cm) along the traverse of the rover. It is shown that the content of hydrogen, reported as Water Equivalent Hydrogen, varies between almost zero and a maximum of (6.1 ± 0.7) wt.%. The content of absorption equivalent chlorine varies between almost zero and (2.6 ± 0.2) wt.%. Such variations are thought to be related to the different geological processes and environmental conditions present in the strata along the traverse during the evolutionary history of Gale crater. The second paper (Part 2) studies particular properties of water and abundances of neutron absorbing elements at distinct geological regions, that the rover crossed on its way.
Hypoxia-induced circRNF13 promotes the progression and glycolysis of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Zhao Qiuyan , Zhu Zhonglin , Xiao Wenqin , Zong Guanzhao , Wang Chuanyang , Jiang Weiliang , Li Kai , Shen Jie , Guo Xingya , Cui Jianhua , Guo Lihong , Wan Rong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most malignant tumors. Rapid progression and distant metastasis are the main causes of patient death. Hypoxia is a hallmark of multiple cancers and is involved in tumor biology. However, little is known about the roles of circRNAs in glycolysis and hypoxia-mediated progression of PC. Here, the expression pattern of hypoxia-related circRNAs was analyzed using RNA sequencing. A unique circRNA termed circRNF13 was found to be upregulated in PC tissues and may be a potential prognostic indicator. HIF-1α and EIF4A3 are involved in regulating the biogenesis of circRNF13. Furthermore, circRNF13 was validated to exert a stimulative effect on cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion and glycolysis. Importantly, we found that circRNF13 promoted PDK3 levels by acting as a miR-654-3p sponge, thus promoting the PC malignant process. Collectively, our results reveal that hypoxia-induced circRNF13 mediated by HIF-1α and EIF4A3 promotes tumor progression and glycolysis in PC, indicating the potential of circRNF13 as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for PC.
Thermal property evaluation of a 2.5D integration method with device level microchannel direct cooling for a high-power GaN HEMT device
Authors: Lian Tingting , Xia Yanming , Wang Zhizheng , Yang Xiaofeng , Fu Zhiwei , Kong Xin , Lin Shuxun , Ma Shenglin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGallium nitride high electron mobility transistor (GaN HEMT) devices have become critical components in the manufacturing of high-performance radio frequency (RF) or power electronic modules due to their superior characteristics, such as high electron saturation speeds and high power densities. However, the high heat characteristics of GaN HEMTs make device level cooling a critical problem to solve since performance degradation or even failure may occur under high temperatures. In this paper, we proposed a 2.5D integration method with device-level microchannel direct cooling for a high-power GaN HEMT device. To demonstrate this technological concept, a multigate GaN HEMT device featuring a gate length/width/source drain spacing of 0.5 μm/300 μm/6 μm that underwent in-house backside thinning and metallization was used as the test vehicle. A high-resistivity silicon (HR Si) interposer embedded with four-layer microchannels was designed, having widths/pitches of 30 μm/30 μm at the top microchannel. The high-power GaN HEMT device was soldered on a Si interposer embedded with open microchannels for heat dissipation. A pair of GSG Pad chips was soldered simultaneously to display the capacity for the heterogeneous integration of other chip types. Thermal property evaluation was conducted with experiments and simulations. The test results showed that the maximum surface temperature of the GaN HEMT device decreased to 93.8 °C when it experienced a heat dissipation density of 32 kW/cm2in the gate finger area and an average heat dissipation density of 5 kW/cm2was found in the active area with the DI water coolant at a flow rate of 3 mL/min. To our knowledge, among recently reported works, this finding was the best cooling capacity of heterogeneously integrated microchannels for GaN HEMT devices. In addition, this technology was scalable regarding the numbers of gate fingers or GaN HEMT devices.
The role of primary dental care practitioners in the long-term management of patients treated for head and neck cancer
Authors: Kalsi Harpoonam , McCaul Lorna K. , Rodriguez Jose M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPatients treated for head and neck cancer may be susceptible to a higher incidence of dental disease due to long-term sequelae of treatment for head and neck cancer. Most patients with head and neck cancer are discharged from a hospital environment and responsibility for long-term dental care is transferred back from the restorative dentistry team to the dentist and dental care professionals in primary care. Treatment of these patients should be undertaken in a supportive environment, taking into account the physical and psychological repercussions of previous treatment. With the exception of some surgical procedures, routine dental care is not contraindicated in patients after head and neck cancer treatment and it is expected that the dentist and dental care professionals will be responsible for long-term routine dental treatment. Primary dental care practitioners should be aware of the process to refer patients back to the head and neck cancer multidisciplinary team if they note a suspicious change during their routine clinical examinations. Referral to a restorative dentistry consultant for planning and carrying out complex items of care may sometimes be necessary, but patients should always remain under the long-term care of their primary dental care practitioner.
Experimental realization of an extended Fermi-Hubbard model using a 2D lattice of dopant-based quantum dots
Authors: Wang Xiqiao , Khatami Ehsan , Fei Fan , Wyrick Jonathan , Namboodiri Pradeep , Kashid Ranjit , Rigosi Albert F. , Bryant Garnett , Silver Richard 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Hubbard model is an essential tool for understanding many-body physics in condensed matter systems. Artificial lattices of dopants in silicon are a promising method for the analog quantum simulation of extended Fermi-Hubbard Hamiltonians in the strong interaction regime. However, complex atom-based device fabrication requirements have meant emulating a tunable two-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard Hamiltonian in silicon has not been achieved. Here, we fabricate 3 × 3 arrays of single/few-dopant quantum dots with finite disorder and demonstrate tuning of the electron ensemble using gates and probe the many-body states using quantum transport measurements. By controlling the lattice constants, we tune the hopping amplitude and long-range interactions and observe the finite-size analogue of a transition from metallic to Mott insulating behavior. We simulate thermally activated hopping and Hubbard band formation using increased temperatures. As atomically precise fabrication continues to improve, these results enable a new class of engineered artificial lattices to simulate interactive fermionic models.
Near infrared-activatable biomimetic nanogels enabling deep tumor drug penetration inhibit orthotopic glioblastoma
Authors: Zhang Dongya , Tian Sidan , Liu Yanjie , Zheng Meng , Yang Xiangliang , Zou Yan , Shi Bingyang , Luo Liang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most fatal malignancies due to the existence of blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the difficulty to maintain an effective drug accumulation in deep GBM lesions. Here we present a biomimetic nanogel system that can be precisely activated by near infrared (NIR) irradiation to achieve BBB crossing and deep tumor penetration of drugs. Synthesized by crosslinking pullulan and poly(deca-4,6-diynedioic acid) (PDDA) and loaded with temozolomide and indocyanine green (ICG), the nanogels are inert to endogenous oxidative conditions but can be selectively disintegrated by ICG-generated reactive oxygen species upon NIR irradiation. Camouflaging the nanogels with apolipoprotein E peptide-decorated erythrocyte membrane further allows prolonged blood circulation and active tumor targeting. The precisely controlled NIR irradiation on tumor lesions excites ICG and deforms the cumulated nanogels to trigger burst drug release for facilitated BBB permeation and infiltration into distal tumor cells. These NIR-activatable biomimetic nanogels suppress the tumor growth in orthotopic GBM and GBM stem cells-bearing mouse models with significantly extended survival.
Adsorption energies on transition metal surfaces: towards an accurate and balanced description
Authors: Araujo Rafael B. , Rodrigues Gabriel L. S. , dos Santos Egon Campos , Pettersson Lars G. M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDensity functional theory predictions of binding energies and reaction barriers provide invaluable data for analyzing chemical transformations in heterogeneous catalysis. For high accuracy, effects of band structure and coverage, as well as the local bond strength in both covalent and non-covalent interactions, must be reliably described and much focus has been put on improving functionals to this end. Here, we show that a correction from higher-level calculations on small metal clusters can be applied to improve periodic band structure adsorption energies and barriers. We benchmark against 38 reliable experimental covalent and non-covalent adsorption energies and five activation barriers with mean absolute errors of 2.2 kcal mol−1, 2.7 kcal mol−1, and 1.1 kcal mol−1, respectively, which are lower than for functionals widely used and tested for surface science evaluations, such as BEEF-vdW and RPBE.
Molecular identity of proprioceptor subtypes innervating different muscle groups in mice
Authors: Dietrich Stephan , Company Carlos , Song Kun , Lowenstein Elijah David , Riedel Levin , Birchmeier Carmen , Gargiulo Gaetano , Zampieri Niccolò 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe precise execution of coordinated movements depends on proprioception, the sense of body position in space. However, the molecular underpinnings of proprioceptive neuron subtype identities are not fully understood. Here we used a single-cell transcriptomic approach to define mouse proprioceptor subtypes according to the identity of the muscle they innervate. We identified and validated molecular signatures associated with proprioceptors innervating back (Tox, Epha3), abdominal (C1ql2), and hindlimb (Gabrg1, Efna5) muscles. We also found that proprioceptor muscle identity precedes acquisition of receptor character and comprise programs controlling wiring specificity. These findings indicate that muscle-type identity is a fundamental aspect of proprioceptor subtype differentiation that is acquired during early development and includes molecular programs involved in the control of muscle target specificity.
Enantioselective synthesis of N-alkylindoles enabled by nickel-catalyzed C-C coupling
Authors: Li Lun , Ren Jiangtao , Zhou Jingjie , Wu Xiaomei , Shao Zhihui , Yang Xiaodong , Qian Deyun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEnantioenriched N-alkylindole compounds, in which nitrogen is bound to a stereogenic sp3 carbon, are an important entity of target molecules in the fields of biological, medicinal, and organic chemistry. Despite considerable efforts aimed at inventing methods for stereoselective indole functionalization, straightforward access to a diverse range of chiral N-alkylindoles in an intermolecular catalytic fashion from readily available indole substrates remains an ongoing challenge. In sharp contrast to existing C–N bond-forming strategies, here, we describe a modular nickel-catalyzed C–C coupling protocol that couples a broad array of N-indolyl-substituted alkenes with aryl/alkenyl/alkynyl bromides to produce chiral N-alkylindole adducts in single regioisomeric form, in up to 91% yield and 97% ee. The process is amenable to proceed under mild conditions and exhibit broad scope and high functional group compatibility. Utility is highlighted through late-stage functionalization of natural products and drug molecules, preparation of chiral building blocks.