bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating quantitative physiological and morphological tissue parameters of murine tumor models using hyperspectral imaging and optical profilometry
Authors: Tomanic Tadej , Rogelj Luka , Stergar Jost , Markelc Bostjan , Bozic Tim , Brezar Simona Kranjc , Sersa Gregor , Milanic Matija 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUnderstanding tumors and their microenvironment are essential for successful and accurate disease diagnosis. Tissue physiology and morphology are altered in tumors compared to healthy tissues, and there is a need to monitor tumors and their surrounding tissues, including blood vessels, non‐invasively. This preliminary study utilizes a multimodal optical imaging system combining hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and three‐dimensional (3D) optical profilometry (OP) to capture hyperspectral images and surface shapes of subcutaneously grown murine tumor models. Hyperspectral images are corrected with 3D OP data and analyzed using the inverse‐adding doubling (IAD) method to extract tissue properties such as melanin volume fraction and oxygenation. Blood vessels are segmented using the B‐COSFIRE algorithm from oxygenation maps. From 3D OP data, tumor volumes are calculated and compared to manual measurements using a vernier caliper. Results show that tumors can be distinguished from healthy tissue based on most extracted tissue parameters (). Furthermore, blood oxygenation is 50% higher within the blood vessels than in the surrounding tissue, and tumor volumes calculated using 3D OP agree within 26% with manual measurements using a vernier caliper. Results suggest that combining HSI and OP could provide relevant quantitative information about tumors and improve the disease diagnosis.
Unraveling the enzymatic and antibacterial potential of rare halophilic actinomycetes from Algerian hypersaline wetland ecosystems
Authors: Menasria Taha , Monteoliva‐Sánchez Mercedes , Benhadj Mabrouka , Benammar Leyla , Boukoucha Mourad , Aguilera Margarita 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe study aimed to isolate rare halophilic actinomycetes from hypersaline soils of Algerian inland Wetland Ecosystems “Sebkhas‐Chotts” located in arid and hot hyperarid lands with international importance under the Ramsar Convention and to explore their enzyme‐producing and antibacterial abilities. The halophilic actinomycetes were selectively isolated using agar‐rich media supplemented with 5, 10, and 15% (W/V) of total salts. Thirty‐one isolates were obtained and 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis revealed the presence of members affiliated to rare halophilic actinobacterial genera (Actinopolyspora and Nocardiopsis) accounting for 74.19% (23 isolates out of 31) and 25.8% (8 isolates), respectively. Both phylotypes are alkalitolerant and halophilic thermotolerant actinomycetes displaying significant hydrolytic activities relative to (amylase, asparaginase, cellulase, esterase, glutaminase, inulinase, protease, pectinase, xylanase), and over 96% of tested isolates exhibited all common enzymes, mainly active at 10% of growing salt. In addition, high antibacterial activity was observed against Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus, and Staphylococcus aureus. The findings showed that saline wetlands ecosystems represent a rich reservoir for the isolation of significant rare halophilic actinomycetes with potential adaptive features and valuable sources for novel bioactive metabolites and biocatalysts of biotechnological interest.
Reconsideration of indications for third hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Kimura Jiro , Sui Kenta , Murokawa Takahiro , Tabuchi Motoyasu , Sakamoto Shinya , Iwata Jun , Iiyama Tatsuo , Okabayashi Takehiro 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundIt is unclear which patients with recurrence after a second hepatectomy will benefit from a third hepatectomy.MethodsPatients who underwent hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) between April 2005 and July 2021 were included. Factors affecting recurrence after each hepatectomy were analyzed.ResultsSixty‐four of the 167 patients who had recurrence after the first hepatectomy underwent a second hepatectomy. Then, 46 patients had recurrence and 18 patients did not have recurrence after the second hepatectomy. Sixteen patients who underwent a third hepatectomy had better overall survival (OS) than those who did not (52 vs. 31 months, p = 0.043). However, the multivariate analysis demonstrated that only tumor size (>5 cm) during the second hepatectomy (p = 0.022) and carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 (CA 19‐9) level (>50 U/ml) (p = 0.041) at recurrence after the second hepatectomy were poor prognostic factors for OS.ConclusionWhile a third hepatectomy can be performed if it is technically and oncologically appropriate, tumor size >5 cm and CA 19‐9 >50 U/ml should be considered in terms of long‐term outcomes before proceeding to surgery.
Radioluminescence imaging feasibility for robotic radiosurgery field size quality assurance
Authors: Shakarami Zahra , Broggi Sara , Vecchio Antonella Del , Fiorino Claudio , Spinelli Antonello E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the feasibility of radioluminescence imaging (RLI) as a novel 2D quality assurance (QA) dosimetry system for CyberKnife®.MethodsWe developed a field size measurement system based on a commercial complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) camera facing a radioluminescence screen located at the isocenter normal to the beam axis. The radioluminescence light collected by a lens was used to measure 2D dose distributions. An image transformation procedure, based on two reference phantoms, was developed to correct for projective distortion due to the angle (15°) between the optical and beam axis. Dose profiles were measured for field sizes ranging from 5 mm to 60 mm using fixed circular and iris collimators and compared against gafchromic (GC) film. The corresponding full width at half maximum (FWHM) was measured using RLI and benchmarked against GC film. A small shift in the source‐to‐surface distance (SSD) of the measurement plane was intentionally introduced to test the sensitivity of the RLI system to field size variations. To assess reproducibility, the entire RLI procedure was tested by acquiring the 60 mm circle field three times on two consecutive days.ResultsThe implemented procedure for perspective image distortion correction showed improvements of up to 1 mm using the star phantom against the square phantom. The FWHM measurements using the RLI system indicated a strong agreement with GC film with maximum absolute difference equal to 0.131 mm for fixed collimators and 0.056 mm for the iris. A 2D analysis of RLI with respect to GC film showed that the differences in the central region are negligible, while small discrepancies are in the penumbra region. Changes in field sizes of 0.2 mm were detectable by RLI. Repeatability measurements of the beam FWHM have shown a standard deviation equal to 0.11 mm.ConclusionsThe first application of a RLI approach for CyberKnife® field size measurement was presented and tested. Results are in agreement with GC film measurements. Spatial resolution and immediate availability of the data indicate that RLI is a feasible technique for robotic radiosurgery QA.
Relational values of forests: Value‐conflicts between local communities and external programmes in Sulawesi
Authors: Yuliani Elizabeth L. , Moeliono Moira , Labarani Ardi , Fisher Micah R. , Tias Pisca A. , Sunderland Terry 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Studies found that rapid decline of biodiversity and ecosystems globally have adversely affected an estimated 1.6 billion rural people whose livelihoods both directly and indirectly depend on forests. To halt the loss of forests and other natural ecosystems that simultaneously support rural livelihoods, various external programmes have been developed and applied, including market‐based and rights‐based approaches. However, rapid biodiversity and ecosystem decline continues, and better incentives or more secure rights have not always led to local community participation and improved livelihoods. This suggests the need to better explain local communities' motivations in nature stewardship.

We conducted a study of local communities in two villages in Sulawesi who voluntarily maintain forests but showed resistance to participation in formal Social Forestry programmes. The study aimed to identify motivations and underlying reasons of community preferences, guided by two research questions: (i) how did local people value forest landscapes? and (ii) how did those values interact with externally driven Social Forestry programmes?

We applied the Relational Values concept to understand a community's relations with the forest (or its elements) and land and identified points of value divergence. Data collection involved in‐depth semi‐structured interviews, focus group discussions framed by the principles of Appreciative Inquiry, participant observation and land use/land cover change analysis.

Our findings show that people value their forests in relation to their identity, ancestral heritage, sense of place and spiritual values. We also identified the points of value divergence and their underlying reasons of resistance towards externally driven forestry programmes. This study thus contributes to the broader conceptualisation of values in conservation and community participation by providing empirical evidence on the importance of the Relational Values framework in understanding the motivation and behaviour of nature stewardship and in the evaluation of value conflicts.

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Effect of γ‐ray irradiation on epoxy network polymers with different curing agents
Authors: Kishi Hajime , Arimura Ken , Idesaki Akira , Kakibe Takeshi , Matsuda Satoshi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe γ‐ray resistance of epoxy network polymers was evaluated. Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) was used as an epoxy oligomer, and 4,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM), hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA), and phenolic novolac (PN) were used as curing agents. The thermally crosslinked polymers were irradiated with 0–10 MGy of γ‐rays. The crosslink density as well as the glass‐transition temperature (Tg) for the DDM‐cured and PN‐cured DGEBA resins decreased upon γ‐ray irradiation; however, the elastic modulus at room temperature and the density of the resins increased. By contrast, the Tg for the HHPA‐cured DGEBA resin increased slightly and the crosslink density decreased markedly when the specimen was irradiated with γ‐rays. Among the three cured systems, the HHPA‐cured DGEBA resin exhibited the greatest amount of gas generation during irradiation. Infrared absorption spectra revealed a decrease in the number of ester bonds and an increase in the number of aliphatic and aromatic ether bonds, suggesting that new crosslinking occurred concurrently with chain scission. Overall, among the three cured systems, the PN‐cured DGEBA resin was the most stable in terms of chemical structure and physical properties under γ‐ray irradiation.
Problem type and externalization in problem‐solving
Authors: Wang Lan , van Leeuwen Cees 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe compared problem‐solving in four sets of classical insight and analytic problems in the verbal and spatial domains, and examined the impact of externalization (verbalization or sketching). In a within‐participants factorial design, we presented 24 classical insight and analytic problems, half verbal and half spatial. Participants solved these problems either while thinking aloud, while sketching, or in a baseline condition where neither was allowed. Higher solving accuracy was found in the analytic problems than in the insight ones as well as in the verbal problems than in the spatial ones. The verbal problems were also found to be solved faster than were spatial ones; in particular, verbal‐insight problems were solved faster than spatial‐insight and verbal‐analytic ones. Therefore, spatial‐insight problems stand out as particularly hard among the ones typically found in the literature. Surprisingly, no effects of externalization were found on problem‐solving speed or accuracy. We discuss the implications of our results for the theses that insight problems involve special processes.
Variability in procedure volume of physical medicine and rehabilitation residents graduating from 2014 to 2021
Authors: Silvestre Jason , Nelson Charles L. , Kalyanam Janaki , Wilson Robert H. , Thompson Terry L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAdequate exposure to commonly performed procedures during physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) residency is an important issue.ObjectiveTo assess temporal trends and variabilities in reported procedural volumes, including the number of residents achieving procedure minimum requirements as established by the Accredited Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) PM&R Residency Review Committee.DesignThis was a retrospective cohort study of PM&R residents graduating from 2013–2014 to 2020–2021. Descriptive statistics were calculated for tracked procedures and compared over time with analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests. Variability was calculated as the procedure volume difference between the 90th and 10th percentile groups.SettingACGME‐accredited PM&R residency training programs.ParticipantsA total of 3231 PM&R residents graduating from 2014 to 2021.InterventionsNot applicable.Main outcome measuresReported procedure volume and number of residents achieving minimum requirements.ResultsTotal procedure volume increased over the study period (436 ± 225 to 523 ± 238, p = .013). The percentage of all procedures that were performed versus observed was stable over the study period (81%–77%, p = .234). Variability in total reported procedure volume remained stable over the study period. The percentage of PM&R residents not achieving minimum requirements ranged from 2% for peripheral joint injections to 22% for ultrasound in the contemporary training period.ConclusionsThe volume of reported procedures has increased along with the number of PM&R residency programs and residents. Variabilities in total reported procedure volume were stable over time, but PM&R residents struggle to obtain minimum requirements for ultrasound procedures.
A high‐efficiency adsorbent resin treated by nanosecond pulsed discharge for the removal of trace heavy metal ions in water
Authors: Wang Hong‐Li , Xu Qing‐Nan , Zhou Xiong‐Feng , Liang Jian‐Ping , Li Si‐Si , Yuan Hao , Wang Wen‐Chun , Yang De‐Zheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a high‐efficiency adsorbent resin is prepared by nanosecond pulsed discharge plasma to remove Cu(II), Pb(II), and Cd(II). The effects of discharge parameters, pH, and adsorbent dose on adsorption capacity of resins are evaluated. Correspondingly, the pore structure and chemical groups are analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, N2 adsorption–desorption, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of modified resins for Cu(II), Pb(II), and Cd(II) can reach up to 6.84, 10.87, and 9.22 mg/g, respectively, which is increased by 62%, 49%, and 48% compared with that of the raw. The improvement of adsorption capacity is attributed to the enhancement of specific surface area and mesopores number, as well as the generation of plentiful amino and O‐containing functional groups.
An exploratory study of the dose correlation between point B and metastatic lymph nodes in three‐dimensional high‐dose‐rate brachytherapy for cervical cancer
Authors: Yang Dongming , Gao Yuhua 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the dose correlation between point B and metastatic lymph nodes in cervical cancer treated with three‐dimensional (3D) high‐dose‐rate (HDR) brachytherapy.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted involving 30 cervical cancer patients with lymph node metastases who completed 3D HDR brachytherapy at Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute from May 2019 to November 2020. Brachytherapy was performed with a Fletcher applicator at a prescribed dose of 28 Gy/4 f. Computed tomography images of the external irradiation target were fused with delineated images of the brachytherapy target on the MIM system. The minimum dose received by 90% of the volume (D90) was read on the MIM system for all metastatic lymph nodes and the point B dose was read for the brachytherapy target area. In total, 78 metastatic lymph nodes from 30 patients with cervical cancer were included in this study, including para‐aortic, common iliac, external iliac, internal iliac, obturator, and inguinal lymph nodes. Paired t‐tests and Pearson correlation coefficient analyses were performed to examine the difference in the equivalent dose between each group of metastatic lymph nodes and point B.ResultsThe mean equivalent point B dose was 6.69 ± 1.08 Gy. There were significant differences in dose between point B and the para‐aortic, common iliac, external iliac, internal iliac, and inguinal lymph nodes (p < 0.05), with a weak positive correlation (r < 0.4). There was no statistically significant difference in dose between obturator lymph nodes and point B (p = 0.3999), with a positive correlation (r = 0.65).Conclusion3D HDR brachytherapy contributed significantly to pelvic lymph node doses in cervical cancer patients with lymph node metastasis, but less to para‐aortic and inguinal lymph node doses. The dose at point B grossly overestimated the mean dose to pelvic lymph nodes; only the dose to obturator lymph nodes was similar to that of point B, with a slightly positive correlation.
Are economic arguments against immigration missing the boat? The fiscal effects of the Mariel Boatlift
Authors: Yao Lili , Bolen J. Brandon , Williamson Claudia R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOpponents of migration argue that natives bear the fiscal costs of immigration. Estimates suggest the long‐run fiscal effect of immigration for local governments is negative, largely due to the costs of educating immigrant children. We test whether migration affects local government fiscal outcomes using a synthetic control method and the 1980 Mariel Boatlift as a natural experiment. We find no effect of the mass influx of migrants to Miami on various fiscal outcome measures, suggesting concerns over the fiscal effects of immigration are “missing the boat.”
A new cyclic model for FRP‐confined rubberized concrete
Authors: Raffoul Samar , Margarit David Escolano , Garcia Reyes , Guadagnini Maurizio , Pilakoutas Kypros 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article proposes a new constitutive model for the cyclic behavior of rubberized concrete confined with fiber‐reinforced polymer (FRP) sheets. The model is calibrated with experimental results from 18 confined rubberized concrete (CRuC) cylinders tested in cyclic compression. The cylinders had 60% total aggregate volume replacement with recycled tyre rubber. Parameters investigated include the type of confining material (Carbon or Aramid FRP) and number of layers (two, three, or four). The results indicate that using FRP confinement leads to a strong (up to 100 MPa) and highly deformable (axial strains up to 7%) rubberized concrete that can be used in structural applications. The proposed constitutive model predicts accurately the material response under cyclic loading and can thus be used for design/analysis of highly deformable components made of FRP CRuC. This article contributes toward the development of advanced constitutive models for FRP CRuC, thus promoting the wider use of recycled materials in construction industry.
Comments on holographic level/rank dualities
Authors: Argurio Riccardo , Caddeo Alessio 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We investigate a holographic realization in Type-IIB string theory of pure Chern-Simons theories, and focus on the level/rank dualities that they enjoy. The level/rank duality is established between the boundary theory, engineered utilizing D3-branes compactified on a S1, and the theory on probe D7-branes located at a specific bulk location. Paying attention to the boundary conditions imposed on the Ramond-Ramond (RR) two- and six-forms, we show that holography precisely reproduces several different level/rank dual pairs. The SL(2,Z) action relating all these theories is realized through the SL(2,Z) electric/magnetic duality involving the RR potentials.
A new space of generalised functions with bounded variation motivated by fracture mechanics
Authors: Dal Maso Gianni , Toader Rodica 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe introduce a new space of generalised functions with bounded variation to prove the existence of a solution to a minimum problem that arises in the variational approach to fracture mechanics in elastoplastic materials. We study the fine properties of the functions belonging to this space and prove a compactness result. In order to use the Direct Method of the Calculus of Variations we prove a lower semicontinuity result for the functional occurring in this minimum problem. Moreover, we adapt a nontrivial argument introduced by Friedrich to show that every minimizing sequence can be modified to obtain a new minimizing sequence that satisfies the hypotheses of our compactness result.
Acetabular orientation in triple pelvic osteotomy: is intraoperative fluoroscopy reliable?
Authors: Dornacher Daniel , Sgroi Mirco , Freitag Tobias , Reichel Heiko , Lutz Bernd 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
In pelvic osteotomies, unfavorable balancing of the anterior and posterior acetabular wall can affect the longevity of the natural joint. This raises the question, whether intraoperative fluoroscopy is sufficiently accurate. The objective was to assess the correlation between acetabular parameters [lateral center edge angle (LCEA), acetabular index (AI), anterior wall index (AWI), posterior wall index (PWI)] acquired on intraoperative fluoroscopic images and postoperative pelvic radiographs and to analyze intra- and interobserver reliability of these parameters.

Methods
A retrospective examination was conducted on 206 consecutive cases (176 patients) after triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO). Every patient received a pre- and postoperative pelvic radiograph in supine position in exactly the same technique. A highly standardized surgical sequence allowed consistent intraoperative fluoroscopic imaging. LCAE, AI, PWI and AWI were measured by an experienced orthopedic surgeon and an orthopedic surgeon in training. Statistics comprised a priori power analysis, Bland–Altman analysis and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

Results
A total of 165 cases were included. ICC between the parameters of the fluoroscopic images and postoperative radiographs was for LCEA: 0.935, AI: 0.936, AWI: 0.725 and PWI: 0.878. Intraobserver ICC for all parameters ranged from 0.953 to 0.989, interobserver ICC from 0.798 to 0.968, respectively.

Conclusion
In the surgical treatment of hip dysplasia by means of TPO, intraoperative fluoroscopic imaging has proven to be reliable and accurate. Intraobserver correlation was excellent for all parameters. The correlation between the intraoperative fluoroscopic images and postoperative radiographs ranged from good to excellent, with the lowest values for the acetabular wall indices (AWI and PWI).