bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A wide‐band antenna with dual open rings resonator for RF energy harvesting
Authors: Zeng Miaowang , Li Zihong , Ding Yanyu , Lin Xianjing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this letter, a wide‐band antenna with dual open rings resonator (DORR) is presented for ambient radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting applications. The proposed antenna is designed to harvest RF energy at DCS1800, UMTS/LTE, and Wi‐Fi bands (1.7–2.65 GHz). The DORR produces a strong coupling effect and leads to more current paths, thus contributing to a wider bandwidth. The measured bandwidth is from 1.68 to 2.80 GHz with 50% fractional bandwidth. The measured gains are 3.5, 5, and 5 dBi at 1.83 GHz (DCS1800), 2 GHz (UMTS/LTE), and 2.45 GHz (Wi‐Fi), respectively. Moreover, over 90% radiation efficiency and larger than 3 dBi gain are achieved for the operating bands. The antenna can be used for RF energy harvesting and various communication applications.
Technical note: Optimal allocation of limited proton therapy resources using model‐based patient selection
Authors: Papp Dávid , Unkelbach Jan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurposeWe consider the following scenario: A radiotherapy clinic has a limited number of proton therapy slots available each day to treat cancer patients of a given tumor site. The clinic's goal is to minimize the expected number of complications in the cohort of all patients of that tumor site treated at the clinic, and thereby maximize the benefit of its limited proton resources.MethodsTo address this problem, we extend the normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) model–based approach to proton therapy patient selection to the situation of limited resources at a given institution. We assume that, on each day, a newly diagnosed patient is scheduled for treatment at the clinic with some probability and with some benefit from protons over photons, which is drawn from a probability distribution. When a new patient is scheduled for treatment, a decision for protons or photons must be made, and a patient may wait only for a limited amount of time for a proton slot becoming available. The goal is to determine the thresholds for selecting a patient for proton therapy, which optimally balance the competing goals of making use of all available slots while not blocking slots with patients with low benefit. This problem can be formulated as a Markov decision process (MDP) and the optimal thresholds can be determined via a value‐policy iteration method.ResultsThe optimal thresholds depend on the number of available proton slots, the average number of patients under treatment, and the distribution of values. In addition, the optimal thresholds depend on the current utilization of the facility. For example, if one proton slot is available and a second frees up shortly, the optimal threshold is lower compared to a situation where all but one slot remain blocked for longer.ConclusionsMDP methodology can be used to augment current NTCP model–based patient selection methods to the situation that, on any given day, the number of proton slots is limited. The optimal threshold then depends on the current utilization of the proton facility. Although, the optimal policy yields only a small nominal benefit over a constant threshold, it is more robust against variations in patient load.
Delays in pulmonary decline in eteplirsen‐treated patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Iff Joel , Gerrits Charles , Zhong Yi , Tuttle Edward , Birk Erica , Zheng Yeya , Paul Xander , Henricson Erik K. , McDonald Craig M. ,   CINRG‐DNHS Investigators
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroduction/AimsPulmonary decline is a major issue in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Eteplirsen is a United States–approved treatment for patients with DMD and exon 51 skip‐amenable mutations. Previous analyses have shown that eteplirsen is associated with a statistically significant attenuation of pulmonary decline. In this study we evaluate the effect of eteplirsen treatment from newly available data sources on pulmonary function over time in patients with DMD.MethodsWe used a post hoc pooled analysis to compare the percentage of predicted forced vital capacity (FVC%p) and projected time with pulmonary function milestones in patients with DMD and exon 51 skip‐amenable mutations receiving eteplirsen (Studies 204 and 301) or standard of care (SoC; Cooperative International Neuromuscular Research Group Duchenne Natural History Study). A mixed model for repeated‐measures framework was applied to evaluate the impact of eteplirsen.ResultsAn average annual rate of FVC%p decline for eteplirsen‐treated patients was estimated to be 3.47%, a statistically significant attenuation from the 5.95% rate of decline estimated in SoC patients (P = .0001). Using linear extrapolations of the model‐estimated decline in FVC%p, the attenuation in FVC%p decline for eteplirsen‐treated patients corresponded to a delay of 5.72 years in time to needing continuous ventilation, 3.31 years in time to needing nighttime ventilation, and 2.11 years in time to needing a cough assist device compared with SoC patients.DiscussionThe attenuation of FVC%p decline suggests that eteplirsen‐treated patients had statistically significant and clinically meaningful attenuations in pulmonary decline compared with SoC patients.
Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation sustainably increases EEG alpha activity in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Pross Benjamin , Strube Wolfgang , Papazova Irina , Güler Duygu , Häckert Jan , Keeser Daniel , Padberg Frank , Siamouli Melina , Falkai Peter , Hasan Alkomiet 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsTranscranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied to the prefrontal cortex has been frequently used to elicit behavioral changes in patients with schizophrenia. However, the interaction between prefrontal tDCS and electrophysiological changes remains largely uncharted. The present study aimed to investigate cortical electrophysiological changes induced by tDCS in frontal areas by means of repeated electroencephalography (EEG) in patients with schizophrenia.MethodsIn total, 20 patients with schizophrenia received 13 minutes of anodal tDCS (1 mA) applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Repeated resting EEG was recorded before (once) and following (at five follow‐up time‐bins) tDCS to trace post‐tDCS effects. We used sLORETA for source reconstruction to preserve the localization of brain signals with a low variance and to analyze frequency changes.ResultsWe observed significant changes after the stimulation in areas highly connected with the stimulated DLPFC areas. The alpha 1 (8.5‐10.0 Hz) activity showed a highly significant, long‐lasting, increase for up to 1 hour after the stimulation in the postcentral gyrus (Brodmann area 2, 3, and 40). Significant yet unstable changes were also seen in the alpha‐2 frequency band precentral at 10 minutes, in the beta‐1 frequency band occipital at 20 minutes, and in the beta‐3 frequency band temporal at 40 minutes.ConclusionWe were able to show that anodal tDCS can induce stable EEG changes in patients with schizophrenia. The results underline the potential of tDCS to induce long‐lasting neurophysiological changes in patients with schizophrenia showing the possibility to induce brain excitability changes in this population.
Prolonged extrapyramidal symptoms induced by long‐term, intermittent administration of low‐dose olanzapine along with metoclopramide for emesis: A case report
Authors: Sakamoto Shoko , Deguchi Yasuhiko , Uchida Sawako , Itoh Yoshiaki , Inoue Koki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundAntipsychotics with dopamine (D2) receptor antagonism can be effective for emesis in cancer patients. Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) induced by typical antipsychotics can be exacerbated by other D2 receptor antagonists. We describe a case of persistent EPS induced by long‐term, intermittent administration of low‐dose olanzapine along with metoclopramide for emesis.Case PresentationA 59‐year‐old pancreatic cancer patient underwent chemotherapy for 7 months. He was referred to the psychiatry department because of restlessness and insomnia. Although he did not have obvious depressive symptoms, he was anxious about the cancer treatment. For chemotherapy‐induced nausea, he had been prescribed 5 mg of olanzapine intermittently for 7 months. He had last used the drug 9 days before presenting it to us. Additionally, he received metoclopramide and palonosetron as antiemetics. We considered akathisia and cancer‐related anxiety/agitation as possible causes of restlessness and insomnia, and prescribed clonazepam. However, his symptoms worsened, resulting in hospitalization. We reconsidered his symptoms as cancer‐related anxiety/agitation and prescribed quetiapine. Although it was effective, he had tremors and was assessed by a neurologist. Considering the clinical manifestations of rigidity, postural reflex disorder, and a mask‐like face, we suspected drug‐induced parkinsonism and replaced quetiapine with biperiden on the next day, leading to his discharge after 2 weeks. He did not have symptom recurrence even after discontinuation of biperiden.ConclusionsLong‐term, intermittent administration of low‐dose antipsychotics with other antiemetics having D2 receptor antagonism can cause prolonged EPS. Especially in cancer patients, who often require polypharmacy, clinicians should consider exacerbated adverse effects due to drug interactions.
Relational care in communication as the basis of nonprofit fundraising: Theorizing professional ethics based in stewardship and ethics of care
Authors: Madden Stephanie , Harrison Virginia , Vafeiadis Michail 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAt its core, fundraising is relationship building. Therefore, ethical fundraising requires cultivating genuine, care‐based relationships between various stakeholders by considering relational goals and communicative practices. We advance an ethics of care‐oriented approach toward fundraising based in nurturing authentic relationships with multiple organizational stakeholders, including donors, employees, beneficiaries, and volunteers. Drawing upon ethics of care and stewardship scholarship based in public relations, the purpose of this article is to propose relational care in communication through dialogue as an ethical springboard of nonprofit fundraising.
Comparison of mechanistic pathways of bariatric surgery in patients with diabetes mellitus: A Bayesian network meta‐analysis
Authors: Lin Chaoxing , Yeong Trevor James Jun‐Ming , Lim Wen Hui , Ng Cheng Han , Yau Chun En , Chin Yip Han , Muthiah Mark D. , Loh Poay Huan , Foo Roger S. Y. , Mok Shao Feng , Shabbir Asim , Dimitriadis Georgios K. , Khoo Chin Meng , Chew Nicholas W. S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveMetabolic bariatric procedures are potentially efficacious treatment options in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Previous meta‐analyses focused on individual operative approaches rather than the mechanistic pathways behind different bariatric procedures. This updated network meta‐analysis aimed to synthesize new evidence and comparatively evaluate the efficacy of metabolic surgery against restrictive procedures and standard first‐line treatment for patients with T2DM.MethodsEmbase, MEDLINE, and trial registries were searched for randomized controlled trials on bariatric surgeries in patients with T2DM on September 3, 2021. A Bayesian network meta‐analysis was conducted. The primary outcome was T2DM remission. Secondary outcomes included changes in BMI, lipoprotein levels, and blood pressure.ResultsThirty‐two articles were included. Metabolic surgery was statistically superior to restrictive procedures (risk ratio [RR]: 2.57, 95% credibility intervals [CrI]: 1.36‐5.43), medical therapy (RR: 35.29, 95% Crl: 10.56‐183.23), and lifestyle intervention (RR: 40.51, 95% Crl: 5.32‐402.59) in T2DM remission. Metabolic surgery significantly lowered BMI and blood pressure compared with other interventions. Restrictive procedures significantly increased high‐density lipoprotein compared with metabolic surgery. Lifestyle intervention and metabolic surgery were statistically superior to restrictive procedures in reducing low‐density lipoprotein.ConclusionsThe superiority in diabetes remission and favorable metabolic profile support the choice of metabolic surgery over restrictive bariatric procedures.
Enhancing the antibacterial activity of PAMAM dendrimer modified with 1,8‐naphthalimides and its copper complex via light illumination
Authors: Staneva Desislava , Manov Hristo , Vasileva‐Tonkova Evgenia , Kukeva Rositsa , Stoyanova Radostina , Grabchev Ivo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis work describes the synthesis of a new photoactive PAMAM dendrimer of first generation, modified with 4‐dimethylamino‐1,8‐naphthalimide units and its complexation with Cu2+ ions. The photophysical characteristics of the two compounds in organic solvents of different polarity have been determined. The impact of light on reactive oxygen species from the new compounds and on the cotton fabrics dyed with them has been investigated by an iodometric method, consisting of I− transformation into I3−, which absorbs light at 288 and 352 nm. It has been determined that their antibacterial activity towards Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacteria enhances upon light illumination, as a resultant synergic effect of the biological activity of the new dendrimers and of the reactive oxygen they generate. The copper complex has been found to be more active than the ligand. Upon their loading onto cotton fabrics both compounds retain their antibacterial activity.
Microparticle‐hydrogel hybrids for sustained release of dual bioactive compounds
Authors: Deng Zhicheng , Li Jinjun , Chen Yun , Huang Chao , Zhong Nanjing , Hu Yong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA novel Cur/TPP‐β‐CD/CS/Vc microparticles (MPs) filled CMCS/OSA composite hydrogel was prepared by dispersed the chitosan/vitamin C (CS/Vc) complex and curcumin/TPP‐β‐cyclodextrin (Cur/TPP‐β‐CD) complex in the hydrogel precursor of oxidized sodium alginate (OSA) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS). Structural properties of the MPs/CMCS/OSA composite hydrogel were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscope, TG, rheological, and texture analyzer. It was found that the polymeric MPs with a diameter of about 2.5 μm were homogenously embedded in the composite hydrogel by hydrogen bonding and electronic force, resulting in obvious enhanced mechanical strength and stability of the MPs hybrid hydrogel. In vitro release studies show that the release of Cur and Vc can be more efficiently controlled by the different encapsulation pathways. Moreover, the preferential release of the Cur than that of Vc has been confirmed by the two‐dimensional ultraviolet correlation spectroscopy. Therefore, the MPs/CMCS/OSA composite hydrogel can be used for independently controlled release of dual bioactive compounds during codelivery.
Dynamic morphological plasticity in response to emergence timing in Abutilon theophrasti (Malvaceae)
Authors: Wang Shu , Zhou Dao‐Wei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSelections on emergence time might be conflicting, suggesting the existence of the optimal emergence time for plants. However, we know little about this and how morphological plasticity contributes to the strategies of plants in response to emergence timing. To better understand this issue from a dynamic perspective, we conducted a field experiment by subjecting plants of Abutilon theophrasti to four emergence treatments (ET1 ~ ET4) and measuring a number of mass and morphological traits on them at different growth stages (I ~ IV). On day 50, 70, and/or final harvest, among all ET treatments, plants germinated in late spring (ET2) performed the best in total mass, spring germinants (ET1) and ET2 performed better in stem allocation, stem, and root diameters than later germinants (ET3 and ET4); summer germinants (ET3) had the highest reproductive mass and allocation, while late‐summer germinants (ET4) had the greatest leaf mass allocation, with greater or canalized leaf number, and root length traits than others. Plants that emerged in late spring can maximize their growth potential, while those with either advanced or delayed emergence are still capable of adaptation via allocation and morphological plasticity. Early germinants (ET1 and ET2) preferred stem growth to leaf and reproductive growth, due to sufficient time for reproduction in the growth season. With limited time for growth, plants that emerged late may prefer to quicken leaf growth (indicated by increased leaf mass allocation and leaf number) at the cost of stem or root growth for the complete life cycle, reflecting both positive and negative effects of delayed emergence.
Impact of excitation energy on hot carrier properties in InGaAs multi‐quantum well structure
Authors: Esmaielpour Hamidreza , Lombez Laurent , Giteau Maxime , Guillemoles Jean‐François , Suchet Daniel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHot carrier solar cells aim to overcome the theoretical limit of single‐junction photovoltaic devices by suppressing the thermalization of hot carriers and extracting them through energy selective contacts. Designing efficient hot carrier absorbers requires further investigation on hot carrier properties in materials. Although the thermalization of hot carriers is responsible for a large portion of energy loss in solar cells, it is still one of the least understood phenomena in semiconductors. Here, the impact of excitation energy on the properties of photo‐generated hot carriers in an InGaAs multi‐quantum well (MQW) structure at various lattice temperatures and excitation powers is studied. Photoluminescence (PL) emission of the sample is detected by a hyperspectral luminescence imager, which creates spectrally and spatially resolved PL maps. The thermodynamic properties of hot carriers, such as temperature and quasi‐Fermi‐level splitting, are carefully determined via applying full PL spectrum fitting, which solves the Fermi–Dirac integral and considers the band‐filling effect in the nanostructured material. In addition, the impact of thermalized power density and carrier scattering with longitudinal optical phonons on the spectral linewidth broadening under two excitation energies is studied.
Application of metal, metal‐oxide, and silicon‐oxide based intermediate reflective layers for current matching in autonomous high‐voltage multijunction photovoltaic devices
Authors: de Vrijer Thierry , Miedema Sander , Blackstone Thijs , van Nijen David , Han Can , Smets Arno H.M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA logical next step for achieving a cost price reduction per Watt peak of photovoltaics (PV) is multijunction PV devices. In two‐terminal multijunction PV devices, the photo‐current generated in each subcell should be matched. Intermediate reflective layers (IRLs) are widely employed in multijunction devices to increase reflection at the interface between subcells to enhance current generation in the subcell(s) positioned before the IRL, in reference to the incident light. In this work, the results of over 65 multijunction devices are presented, in order to explore the effect of different current matching approaches. The influence of variations in absorber thickness as well as thickness variations of different IRLs based on silicon‐oxide, various transparent conductive oxides (TCO), and metallic layers on all‐silicon multijunction PV devices is studied. Specifically, hybrid, 2‐terminal, monolithically integrated silicon heterojunction (SHJ) and thin film nanocrystalline silicon (nc‐Si:H) and amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H) tandem and triple junction devices are processed. Based on these experiments, certain design rules for optimal current matching operation in multijunction devices are formulated. Finally, taking these design rules into account, record all‐silicon multijunction devices are processed. Conversion efficiencies close 15% and
V are demonstrated for triple junction SHJ/nc‐Si:H/a‐Si:H devices. Such conversion efficiencies for a wireless, high‐voltage wafer‐based all‐silicon 2‐terminal multijunction PV device opens the way for efficient autonomous solar‐to‐fuel synthesis systems as well as other wireless innovative approaches in which the multijunction solar cell is used not only as a photovoltaic current‐voltage generator, but also as an ion‐exchange membrane, electrochemical catalysts, and/or optical transmittance filter.
Identification of BAHD acyltransferases associated with acylinositol biosynthesis in Solanum quitoense (naranjilla)
Authors: Leong Bryan J. , Hurney Steven , Fiesel Paul , Anthony Thilani M. , Moghe Gaurav , Jones Arthur Daniel , Last Robert L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPlants make a variety of specialized metabolites that can mediate interactions with animals, microbes, and competitor plants. Understanding how plants synthesize these compounds enables studies of their biological roles by manipulating their synthesis in vivo as well as producing them in vitro. Acylsugars are a group of protective metabolites that accumulate in the trichomes of many Solanaceae family plants. Acylinositol biosynthesis is of interest because it appears to be restricted to a subgroup of species within the Solanum genus. Previous work characterized a triacylinositol acetyltransferase involved in acylinositol biosynthesis in the Andean fruit plant Solanum quitoense (lulo or naranjilla). We characterized three additional S. quitoense trichome expressed enzymes and found that virus‐induced gene silencing of each caused changes in acylinositol accumulation. pH was shown to influence the stability and rearrangement of the product of ASAT1H and could potentially play a role in acylinositol biosynthesis. Surprisingly, the in vitro triacylinositol products of these enzymes are distinct from those that accumulate in planta. This suggests that additional enzymes are required in acylinositol biosynthesis. These characterized S. quitoense enzymes, nonetheless, provide opportunities to test the biological impact and properties of these triacylinositols in vitro.
Proteomics and glycoproteomics of beer and wine
Authors: Liu Shulei , Kerr Edward D. , Pegg Cassandra L. , Schulz Benjamin L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBeer and wine are fermented beverages that contain abundant proteins released from barley or grapes, and secreted from yeast. These proteins are associated with many quality attributes including turbidity, foamability, effervescence, flavour and colour. Many grape proteins and secreted yeast proteins are glycosylated, and barley proteins can be glycated under the high temperatures in the beer making process. The emergence of high‐resolution mass spectrometry has allowed proteomic and glycoproteomic analyses of these complex mixtures of proteins towards understanding their role in determining beer and wine attributes. In this review, we summarise recent studies of proteomic and glycoproteomic analyses of beer and wine including their strategies for mass spectrometry (MS)‐based identification, quantification and characterisation of the glyco/proteomes of fermented beverages to control product quality.