bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Clinicopathological and Molecular Analysis of Sellar/Suprasellar Neurocytoma Mimicking Pituitary Adenoma
Authors: Zhang Lifeng , Fu Weiwei , Zheng Limei , Song Fangling , Chen Yupeng , Jiang Changzhen , Xing Zhen , Hu Chengcong , Ye Yuhong , Zhang Sheng , Yan Xiaorong , Wang Xingfu 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, molecular genetic characteristics and prognosis of extraventricular neurocytoma located in the sellar/suprasellar region.MethodsSeven archived tumor samples derived from 4 patients with neurocytoma in the sellar/suprasellar region were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University and the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and retrospectively analyzed for clinical manifestations, imaging features, and histopathological features. Neuronal and pituitary biomarkers and molecular features were detected in these tumor tissues by immunohistochemistry and FISH or Sanger sequencing. The related literature was reviewed.ResultsThree patients were female, while 1 was male, with an average age of 35.5 years (range: 27 to 45 years). The initial manifestations were mainly headache and blurred vision in both eyes. The first MRI examination showed marginally enhancing masses in the intrasellar or intra- to suprasellar region. The diagnosis of pituitary adenomas was based on imaging features. The levels of pituitary hormones were normal. Histologically, the tumor cells were arranged in a sheet-like, monotonous architecture and were uniform in size and shape with round to oval, exquisite and hyperchromatic nuclei, which densely packed close to one another and were separated only by a delicate neuropil background. There was no evident mitosis, necrosis or microvascular proliferation. The three cases of recurrent tumors were highly cellular and showed increased mitotic activity. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for syn, CR, CgA, and vasopressin and were focally positive for NeuN, TTF-1, NF, CK8, vimentin, and S100 proteins. Other markers, including IDH1, BRAF VE1, Olig-2, and EMA, were negative. Pituitary transcription factors and anterior pituitary hormones were negative. Molecular genetic testing showed that the tumor cells lacked IDH gene mutations, LOH of 1p/19q, MYCN amplification, and EGFR alteration. With a median follow-up of 74.5 months (range 23 to 137 months), 3 patients relapsed at 11, 50, and 118 months after the initial surgery.ConclusionThe morphological features and immunophenotypes of neurocytoma in the sellar/suprasellar region are similar to those of classic central neurocytoma. The prognosis is relatively good. Gross-subtotal resection and atypical subtype may be related to tumor recurrence.
Novel Homozygous CYP27B1 Gene Mutation in Vitamin D-Dependent Rickets Type 1A (VDDR1A) Disorder: A Case Report
Authors: Al Homyani Doua Khalid , Alhemaiani Shahad Khalid 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundVitamin D-dependent rickets type 1A (VDDR1A) rickets is an uncommon kind of rickets that affects both boys and girls. Children with mutations are normal at birth and present at around 6 months to 2 years of age with symptoms. When suspected, genetic testing is required to confirm the diagnosisCase PresentationThis is a case report of VDDR1A in a 4-year-old boy who presented with delayed growth, inability to stand, and rachitic bone deformities. The diagnosis was reached by anthropometric measurement, bone profile, and radiological studies, then confirmed by genetic testing, which revealed a homozygous pathogenic variant in the CYP27B1 gene. He was treated with Vitamin-D (alfacalcidol) and oral calcium.ConclusionVDDR1A is caused by a mutation in the CYP27B1 gene, which impairs the 1 hydroxylase enzyme, which compromises vitamin-D production.
Extreme Precipitation in the Eastern Canadian Arctic and Greenland: An Evaluation of Atmospheric Reanalyses
Authors: Loeb Nicole A. , Crawford Alex , Stroeve Julienne C. , Hanesiak John 
Published: May 2022

Extreme precipitation events are becoming more common in the Arctic as the climate warms, but characterizing these events is notoriously challenging. Atmospheric reanalyses have become popular tools for climate studies in data-sparse regions such as the Arctic. While modern reanalyses have been shown to perform reasonably well at reproducing Arctic climate, their ability to represent extreme precipitation events has not been investigated in depth. In this study, three of the most recent reanalyses, ERA-5, MERRA-2, and CFSR, are compared to surface precipitation observations in the Eastern Canadian Arctic and Greenland from 1980 to 2016 to assess how well they represent the most intense observed events. Overall, the reanalyses struggled to match observed accumulations from individual events (−0.11 ≤ r ≤ 0.47) but matched the observed seasonality of precipitation extremes. The region with the strongest match between observations and reanalyses was Southwest Greenland. Performance varies by event, and the best match between reanalyses and station observations may have a spatial/temporal offset (up to one grid cell or 1 day). The three products saw similar performance in general; however, ERA-5 tends to see slightly higher correlations and lower biases than MERRA-2 or CFSR. Considering the limitations of in situ observations, these results suggest that the reanalyses are capable of representing aggregate extreme precipitation (e.g., seasonal or annual time scales), but struggle to consistently match the timing and location of specific observed events.
TGFβ-Associated Signature Predicts Prognosis and Tumor Microenvironment Infiltration Characterization in Gastric Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Siyuan , Li Zhenghao , Li Huihuang , Wen Xueyi , Wang Yu , Chen Qilin , Xu Xundi 
Published: May 2022

Background: Gastric carcinoma (GC) is a carcinoma with a high incidence rate, and it is a deadly carcinoma globally. An effective tool, that is, able to predict different survival outcomes for GC patients receiving individualized treatments is deeply needed.Methods: In total, data from 975 GC patients were collected from TCGA-STAD, GSE15459, and GSE84437. Then, we performed a comprehensive unsupervised clustering analysis based on 54 TGFβ-pathway-related genes and correlated these patterns with tumor microenvironment (TME) cell-infiltrating characteristics. WGCNA was then applied to find the module that had the closest relation with these patterns. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm was combined with cross validation to narrow down variables and random survival forest (RSF) was used to create a risk score.Results: We identified two different TGFβ regulation patterns and named them as TGFβ Cluster 1 and Cluster 2. TGFβ Cluster 1 was linked to significantly poorer survival outcomes and represented an inflamed TME subtype of GC. Using WGCNA, a module (magenta) with the closest association with the TGFβ clusters was identified. After narrowing down the gene list by univariate Cox regression analysis, the LASSO algorithm and cross validation, four of the 243 genes in the magenta module were applied to build a risk score. The group with a higher risk score exhibited a considerably poorer survival outcome with high predictive accuracy. The risk score remained an independent risk factor in multivariate Cox analysis. Moreover, we validated this risk score using GSE15459 and GSE84437. Furthermore, we found that the group with a higher risk score represented an inflamed TME according to the evidence that the risk score was remarkably correlated with several steps of cancer immunity cycles and a majority of the infiltrating immune cells. Consistently, the risk score was significantly related to immune checkpoint genes and T cell–inflamed gene expression profiles (GEPs), indicating the value of predicting immunotherapy.Conclusions: We have developed and validated a TGFβ-associated signature, that is, capable of predicting the survival outcome as well as depicting the TME immune characteristics of GC. In summary, this signature may contribute to precision medicine for GC.
CD18 Mediates Neutrophil Imperviousness to the Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans JP2 Clone in Molar-Incisor Pattern Periodontitis
Authors: Hashai Koren , Chapple Ian L. , Shapira Lior , Assadi Walaa , Dadon Stav , Polak David 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionMolar-incisor pattern periodontitis (MIPP) in the absence of significant local risk factors or systemic disease, is a rare, early onset periodontal disease phenotype, with 0.5% to 2.5% global prevalence. The condition is characterized by impaired neutrophil function and persistent Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (JP2 clone) infection. The aim of this study was to characterize neutrophil functional responses to JP2 and to investigate the neutrophil receptors involved.Materials and MethodsNeutrophils were obtained from whole blood samples of periodontally healthy and MIPP subjects and incubated with the JP2 clone or a non-JP2 clone of A. actinomycetemcomitans. Bacterial survival was tested by blood agar culture; neutrophil death was tested with propidium iodide and flow cytometry; Reactive oxygen production (ROS) was measured with 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate and a fluorescence plate reader; the cytokinome was analysed using an array profiler, ELISA and RT-PCR. Receptors binding to JP2 were isolated using a novel immunoprecipitation assay and validated functionally using specific blocking antibodies.ResultsJP2 and non-JP2 survival was comparable between all the neutrophil groups. Resistance to neutrophil necrosis following exposure to JP2 was significantly lower in the MIPP group, than in all the other groups (p&lt;0.0001). Conversely, MIPP neutrophils showed lower levels of ROS production in response to JP2 infection compared with that of healthy neutrophils (p&lt;0.001). Furthermore, significantly lower levels of cytokines, such as IL8, IL10 and TNFα, were observed during JP2 incubation with MIPP neutrophils than upon incubation with periodontally healthy neutrophils. Various proteins expressed on neutrophils bind to JP2. Of these, CD18 was found to mediate neutrophil necrosis. The CD18 receptor on MIPP neutrophils acts differently from that on periodontally healthy patients neutrophils, and appears to reflect differential neutrophil reactions to JP2.ConclusionThis study portrays a fundamental difference in neutrophil response to JP2 infection between periodontally healthy and MIPP patients. This was evident in the resistance to necrosis, and lower ROS and cytokine production, despite the persistent presence of viable JP2. Whilst in periodontally healthy neutrophils, JP2 binds to CD18 on cell surfaces, this is not the case in MIPP neutrophils, suggesting a potential role for CD18 in the periodontal susceptibility of MIPP patients.
Safety Evaluation of Cervical Dorsal Instrumentation in Geriatric Patients: Experience at a Level 1 Center for Spinal Surgery—A Single Center Cohort Study
Authors: Shabo Ehab , Brandecker Simon , Rana Shaleen , Bara Gregor , Scorzin Jasmin E. , Eichhorn Lars , Vatter Hartmut , Banat Mohammed 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveDorsal instrumentation of the cervical spine is an established treatment in spine surgery. However, careful planning is required, particularly in elderly patients. This study evaluates early clinical outcomes in geriatric patients undergoing complex spine surgery.MethodsIn this retrospective, single center cohort study, we included all geriatric patients (aged ≥65 years) who underwent dorsal instrumentation between January 2013 and December 2020. We analyzed postoperative complications and the 30-day in-hospital mortality rate. Furthermore, the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) and Clavien-Dindo grading system (CDG) were used to assess the patients' comorbidity burden.ResultsIn total, 153 patients were identified and included. The mean age of patients was 78 years (SD ± 7). Traumatic injury (53.6%) was the most common reason for surgery. 60.8% of the patients underwent dorsal instrumentation with 3 or more levels. The most common comorbidities were arterial hypertension (64%), diabetes mellitus (22.2%), coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation (19.6%). The most common adverse event (AE) was pneumonia (4%) and the most common surgery-related complication was wound infection (5.2%). Among patients categorized as high risk for AE (CCI &gt; 5), 14.6% suffered a postoperative AE. In our univariate analysis, we found no risk factors for high rates of complications or mortality.ConclusionOur data demonstrates that older patients were at no significant risk of postoperative complications. The CCI/CDG scores may identify patients at higher risk for adverse events after dorsal instrumentation, and these assessments should become an essential component of stratification in this older patient population.
Single-Stage Endovascular Treatment of Severe Cranial Artery Stenosis Coexisted With Ipsilateral Distal Tandem Intracranial Aneurysm
Authors: Ni Hongyang , Zhong Zhihong , Zhu Jun , Jiang Hong , Hu Jinqing , Lin Dong , Bian Liuguan 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveThe coexistence of severe cranial artery stenosis and ipsilateral distal tandem intracranial aneurysm is an unusual phenomenon. Currently, there is no consensus to provide treatment guidelines for concomitant lesions. This study aims to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of single-stage endovascular treatment in patients under this special condition.MethodsWe illustrated a case series of 10 patients with the coexistence of severe cranial artery stenosis and ipsilateral distal tandem intracranial aneurysm in our hospital. And a systematic PubMed search of English-language literature published between 1990 and 2021 was carried out using the keywords: “(carotid OR vertebral OR subclavian artery stenosis) AND (aneurysm) AND (coincident OR coexist OR concomitant OR simultaneous OR ipsilateral).” Clinical information, including age, gender of the patients, as well as symptoms (artery stenosis or aneurysm), localization of artery stenosis and aneurysm, treatment, and outcome, were collected and analyzed.ResultsIn the majority of the patients, symptoms were attributed to severe artery stenosis, and the coexisted lesions were located in the anterior circulation system. Most patients achieved an excellent clinical outcome, and no death was observed. No differences were found in a prognosis between single-stage or multiple-stage endovascular treatment.ConclusionsA single-stage endovascular procedure is technically feasible and effective to treat the coexistence of severe cranial artery stenosis and ipsilateral distal tandem intracranial aneurysm in the anterior circulation as well as in the posterior circulation.
Predicting Outcome for Early Attention Training After Acquired Brain Injury
Authors: Bartfai Aniko , Elg Mattias , Schult Marie-Louise , Markovic Gabriela 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThe training of impaired attention after acquired brain injury is central for successful reintegration in daily living, social, and working life. Using statistical process control, we found different improvement trajectories following attention training in a group of relatively homogeneous patients early after acquired brain injury (ABI).ObjectiveTo examine the contribution of pre-injury factors and clinical characteristics to differences in outcome after early attention training.Materials and MethodsData collected in a clinical trial comparing systematic attention training (APT) with activity-based attention training (ABAT) early after brain injury were reanalyzed.ResultsStroke patients (p = 0.004) with unifocal (p = 0.002) and right hemisphere lesions (p = 0.045), and those with higher mental flexibility (TMT 4) (p = 0.048) benefitted most from APT training. Cognitive reserve (p = 0.030) was associated with CHANGE and APT as the sole pre-injury factor. For TBI patients, there was no statistical difference between the two treatments.ConclusionOur study identifies indiscernible factors predicting improvement after early attention training. APT is beneficial for patients with right-hemispheric stroke in an early recovery phase. Knowledge of prognostic factors, including the level of attention deficit, diagnosis, and injury characteristics, is vital to maximizing the efficiency of resource allocation and the effectiveness of rehabilitative interventions to enhance outcomes following stroke and TBI.
Electroconvulsive Therapy-Induced Changes in Functional Brain Network of Major Depressive Disorder Patients: A Longitudinal Resting-State Electroencephalography Study
Authors: Sun Shuting , Yang Peng , Chen Huayu , Shao Xuexiao , Ji Shanling , Li Xiaowei , Li Gongying , Hu Bin 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesSeveral studies have shown abnormal network topology in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, changes in functional brain networks associated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) remission based on electroencephalography (EEG) signals have yet to be investigated.MethodsNineteen-channel resting-state eyes-closed EEG signals were collected from 24 MDD patients pre- and post-ECT treatment. Functional brain networks were constructed by using various coupling methods and binarization techniques. Changes in functional connectivity and network metrics after ECT treatment and relationships between network metrics and clinical symptoms were explored.ResultsECT significantly increased global efficiency, edge betweenness centrality, local efficiency, and mean degree of alpha band after ECT treatment, and an increase in these network metrics had significant correlations with decreased depressive symptoms in repeated measures correlation. In addition, ECT regulated the distribution of hubs in frontal and occipital lobes.ConclusionECT modulated the brain’s global and local information-processing patterns. In addition, an ECT-induced increase in network metrics was associated with clinical remission.SignificanceThese findings might present the evidence for us to understand how ECT regulated the topology organization in functional brain networks of clinically remitted depressive patients.
The Probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei Ameliorates Diarrhea Cause by Escherichia coli O8via Gut Microbiota Modulation1
Authors: Ren Shunan , Wang Chunjie , Chen Aorigele , Lv Wenting , Gao Ruijuan 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionKoumiss is a fermented horse milk food containing abundant probiotics. Lactobacillus paracasei is a bacterial strain isolated from koumiss that helps regulate the intestinal microbiota. One of the major cause of diarrhea is an imbalance of the intestinal flora. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Lactobacillus paracasei can ameliorate E. coli-induced diarrhea and modulate the gut microbiota.MethodsMouse models of diarrhea were established via intragastric E. coli O8 administration. We then attempted to prevent or treat diarrhea in the mice via intragastric administration of a 3 × 108 CFU/mL L. paracasei cell suspension. The severity of diarrhea was evaluated based on the body weight, diarrhea rate, and index, fecal diameter, ileum injury, hematoxylin-eosin (H&amp;E) staining, and diamine oxidase (DAO) and zonulin expression. Expression of the tight junction (TJ) proteins claudin-1, occludin, and zona occludens (ZO-)1 were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Gastrointestinal mRNA expression levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The microbial composition was analyzed by 16s rRNA sequencing.ResultsThe L. paracasei demonstrated excellent therapeutic efficacy against diarrhea. It elevated the TJ protein levels and downregulated proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and p65, myosin light chain 2 (MLC2), myosin light chain kinase (MLCK). Moreover L. paracasei increased those bacteria, which can product short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) such Alistipes, Odoribacter, Roseburia, and Oscillibacter.ConclusionL. paracasei ameliorated diarrhea by inhibiting activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-MLCK pathway and increasing the abundance of gut microbiota that produce SCFA.
One-Step Nucleic Acid Amplification System in Comparison to the Intraoperative Frozen Section and Definitive Histological Examination Among Breast Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Survival Study
Authors: Bertozzi Serena , Londero Ambrogio P. , Bulfoni Michela , Seriau Luca , Agakiza Diane , Pasqualucci Alberto , Andretta Michela , Orsaria Maria , Mariuzzi Laura , Cedolini Carla 
Published: May 2022

Simple SummaryImplementing intraoperative assessment of sentinel lymph nodes by one-step nucleic acid amplification in early breast cancer can reduce the surgical burden to the patient and the costs to the health system. However, only limited data are available in terms of long-term disease-free survival and overall survival. Therefore, this study aims to compare disease-free survival and overall survival between one-step nucleic acid amplification, frozen section, and definitive histology. These results could impact the healthcare community, adding further proof to the body of evidence supporting the broader adoption of this innovative technology that enables a safe reduction in patient surgical burden and healthcare costs.BackgroundThe one-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) system is a novel molecular technique, which consents to quick intraoperative detection of sentinel lymph node metastases by the amplification of cytokeratin 19 mRNA. Our study aims to evaluate the OSNA method in comparison with frozen section (FS) and definitive histological examination of the sentinel lymph node biopsy among early breast cancer patients considering disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).MethodsIn this study, we included all women who underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) for breast cancers classified as TNM stage I and II in our center between January 2005 and January 2017, and the follow-up was collected up to January 2019. We divided patients among three groups based on SLNB evaluation: definitive histological examination, intra-operative FS, or OSNA.ResultsWe included 2412 SLNBs: 727 by definitive histological examination, 697 by FS, and 988 by OSNA. Isolated tumor cells were found in 2.32% of cases, micrometastasis in 9.12%, and macrometastases in 13.64%. Surgical procedure duration was significantly shorter in OSNA than in FS (42.1 minutes ±5.1 vs. 70.1 minutes ±10.5, p &lt;0.05). No significant differences have been observed among the three groups regarding OS, DSF, cumulative local, or distant metastases. In particular 5-year DFS was 96.38% in definitive histology (95% C.I. 95.02-97.75%), 96.37% in FS (95% C.I. 94.98-97.78%), and 96.51% in OSNA group (95% C.I. 95.32-97.72%).ConclusionsNo difference in OS and DFS was found comparing OSNA, FS, and definitive histology. Furthermore, reduced operative time was found in the OSNA group.