bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of macroeconomic developments in ten scenarios of energy system transformation in Germany: National and regional results
Authors: Ulrich Philip , Naegler Tobias , Becker Lisa , Lehr Ulrike , Simon Sonja , Sutardhio Claudia , Weidlich Anke 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Different strategies have been proposed for transforming the energy system in Germany. To evaluate their sustainability, it is necessary to analyze their macroeconomic and distributional effects. An approach to do this analysis in an integrated consistent framework is presented here.

Methods
Comparing ten energy transition scenarios with emission reduction targets by 2050 of 80% or 95%, respectively, allows evaluating a broad range of energy system transformation strategies with respect to the future technology and energy carrier mix. For this purpose, an energy system model and a macroeconometric model are combined, thus re-modeling the unified scenarios. An important extension of the model was concerned with the integration of synthetic fuels into the energy-economy model. One focus besides the overall macroeconomic assessment is the regional analysis. For this purpose, own assumptions on the regional distribution of the expansion of renewable energies were developed.

Results
The effects on gross domestic product (GDP) and employment are similar on average from 2030 to 2050 across the scenarios, with most of the more ambitious scenarios showing slightly higher values for the socioeconomic variables. Employment in the construction sector shows the largest effects in most scenarios, while in the energy sector employment is lower in scenarios with high energy imports. At the regional level, the differences between scenarios are larger than at the national level. There is no clear or stable regional pattern of relative loss and profit from the very ambitious transformation, as not only renewable energy expansion varies, and hydrogen strategies enter the scene approaching 2050.

Conclusions
From the relatively small differences between the scenarios, it can be concluded that, from a macroeconomic perspective, it is not decisive for the overall economy which (supply side) strategy is chosen for the transformation of the energy system. More effort needs to be put into improving assumptions and modeling approaches related to strategies for achieving the final 20% CO2 reduction, for example the increasing use of hydrogen.
Laparoscopic partial cystectomy through extraperitoneal space for primary bladder schwannoma
Authors: Liu Weihui , He Qingliu , Su Xiaoping 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Schwannomas can occur in the body where nerve sheaths are present. Genitourinary schwannomas are very rare, especially primary bladder schwannomas. They account for only 0.1% of bladder tumours. The literature reports that simple surgical resection has a good effect and prognosis.

Case presentation
A 39-year-old man had no significant improvement in symptoms due to frequent urination and urgency for 1 month following the treatment of prostatitis for 2 weeks. Ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) showed a mass in the left side wall of the bladder (size approximately 2.0 × 1.9 cm) that had clear boundaries and protruded outward from the bladder. After the extraperitoneal space was dilated with a balloon, a minimally invasive laparoscopic partial cystectomy was performed in this space to remove the tumour. The pathological diagnosis was bladder schwannoma. Immunohistochemical staining showed that it was strongly S100 protein positive. There was no recurrence after 2 years follow-up by cystoscopy and CT.

Conclusions
Bladder schwannomas are clinically rare benign bladder lesions and no specific clinical manifestations. Laparoscopic partial cystectomy through the extraperitoneal space is a safe and feasible treatment option.
Next-generation sequencing for MRD monitoring in B-lineage malignancies: from bench to bedside
Authors: Deng Xinyue , Zhang Meilan , Zhou Jianfeng , Xiao Min 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMinimal residual disease (MRD) is considered the strongest relevant predictor of prognosis and an effective decision-making factor during the treatment of hematological malignancies. Remarkable breakthroughs brought about by new strategies, such as epigenetic therapy and chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) therapy, have led to considerably deeper responses in patients than ever, which presents difficulties with the widely applied gold-standard techniques of MRD monitoring. Urgent demands for novel approaches that are ultrasensitive and provide sufficient information have put a spotlight on high-throughput technologies. Recently, advances in methodology, represented by next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based clonality assays, have proven robust and suggestive in numerous high-quality studies and have been recommended by some international expert groups as disease-monitoring modalities. This review demonstrates the applicability of NGS-based clonality assessment for MRD monitoring of B-cell malignancies by summarizing the oncogenesis of neoplasms and the corresponding status of immunoglobulin (IG) rearrangements. Furthermore, we focused on the performance of NGS-based assays compared with conventional approaches and the interpretation of results, revealing directions for improvement and prospects in clinical practice.
Eating disorders and palliative care specialists require definitional consensus and clinical guidance regarding terminal anorexia nervosa: addressing concerns and moving forward
Authors: Yager Joel , Gaudiani Jennifer L. , Treem Jonathan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background and objectives
Premature deaths are estimated to occur in 5–20% of patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). Among them, some patients with severe and enduring anorexia nervosa (SE-AN) will die due to the medical complications of malnutrition or to suicide. Almost no literature provides guidance to patients, clinicians, and loved ones regarding clinical characteristics of those with SE-AN who recognize and accept the fact that they will not be able to survive their disease. Consistent with general medical literature on terminal illness and based on the authors’ work with patients at this phase of life, we previously described four clinical characteristics of the small group of SE-AN patients who may be considered to have a terminal eating disorder. Following publication of this article, several opinions objecting to these formulations were published. The goals of this article are to respond to the key themes of concern posed by these objections, to extend our discussion of the palliative care and associated needs of these patients and their families, and to suggest ways in which the eating disorder and palliative care fields might develop more definitive criteria and consensus guidelines for the assessment and management of these patients.

Methods
Based on a selective narrative review of the literature, our combined experiences with these patients, and clinical reasoning, we address critiques grouped around five major themes: that (1) labels such as terminal AN are dangerous; (2) since AN is a treatable disorder, no SE-AN patients should be considered terminal; (3) a terminal psychiatric condition cannot be defined; (4) the proposed definition is not specific enough; and (5) considerations regarding mental capacity in the proposed criteria do not sufficiently account for the psycho-cognitive impairments in AN.

Results
Our analysis responds to the critiques of our original proposed clinical characteristics of those with terminal AN. While refuting many of these critiques, we also appreciate the opportunity to refine our discussion of this complex topic and identify that there are multiple stages of SE-AN that can result in good clinical outcomes. Only when all of these have failed to provide adequate amelioration of suffering do a low number of patients progress to terminal AN.

Conclusions
By further refining our discussion of terminal AN, we aim to encourage eating disorders and palliative care specialists to develop expert consensus definitions for terminal AN and to generate authoritative clinical guidance for management of this population. By validating terminal AN as a distinct condition, patients with this subcategory of SE-AN, their families, and their caregivers facing end-of-life concerns may be better able to access palliative and hospice care and related services to help improve their overall experiences at this phase of life.
Association between psychological distress of each points of the treatment of esophageal cancer and stress coping strategy
Authors: Ohkura Yu , Ichikura Kanako , Shindoh Junichi , Ueno Masaki , Udagawa Harushi , Matsushima Eisuke 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Patients with esophageal cancer often feel depressed and are fearful of metastasis and death. Esophagectomy is an invasive procedure with a high incidence of complications. The objective of this study was to examine the association between psychological distress on each points of the treatment of esophageal cancer and stress coping strategy.

Methods
In total, 102 of 152 consecutive patients who attended the outpatient clinic at Toranomon Hospital between April 2017 and April 2019 met the eligibility criteria for inclusion in this study. Questionnaires designed to identify psychological distress and stress coping strategies were longitudinally administered at 5 time points from the time of the first outpatient consultation to 3 months after esophagectomy.

Results
Although ‘fighting spirit’ (OR 0.836, 95% CI 0.762–0.918; p < 0.001) and ‘anxious preoccupation’ (OR 1.482, 95% CI 1.256–1.748; p < 0.001) were strongly related to psychological distress before treatment, as time of treatment passes, ‘helpless/hopeless’ (OR 1.337, 95% CI 1.099–1.626; p = 0.004) was strongly related to psychological distress after esophagectomy. There were no relationships between psychological distress and individual patient characteristics, with the exception of ‘history of surgery’ and ‘final staging’. The concordance index was 0.864 at time 1, 0.826 at time 2, 0.839 at time 3, 0.830 at time 4, and 0.840 at time 5.

Conclusions
The relationship between psychological distress and the Coping strategies was stronger on each points of the treatment of esophageal cancer than that between psychological distress and individual patient characteristics. This study uses prospective basic clinical data and may provide the baseline information for risk stratification for psychological management and for future clinical studies in these patients.
Prevalence of mental health problems among stranded international students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Iftikhar Shandana , Perceval Garon , Fu Yining , Zhou Chuan , Cao Yongguo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) spread fast throughout China and the rest of the world, prompting the World Health Organization to declare a worldwide pandemic on March 11, 2020. Many countries have implemented travel bans, lockdowns, and stay-at-home policies to combat the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors of mental health problems among international students stranded outside of China during the pandemic.

Methods
A qualitative study was conducted among non-Chinese international students enrolled at Chinese universities who were stranded in their home countries. The participants were recruited using a purposive sampling technique. Following informed consent, in-depth interviews were conducted with the help of a semi-structured guide. Two independent investigators transcribed and coded the interview data. The investigators established themes after going through a detailed discussion.

Results
Participants reported several mental health risk factors, such as a rise in hopelessness and level of uncertainty, worry, lost interest and focus, lack of support, unemployment and financial hardships, social pressure, behavioral and mood changes, sleep disorder, and increased smoking. These mental health problems will affect the concentration and deep learning, thereby increasing academic stress. In addition, we found that the outbreak of the delta-variant led to a further increase in these mental health risk factors.

Conclusions
The pandemic scenario, along with international travel restrictions, increased the likelihood of mental health problems among stranded international students. Thus, preventing further rises in mental health disorders and reducing the effects of pandemic-related measures on stranded international students, such as researchers and policymakers can mitigate the pandemic's effects and achieve national or international health and educational goals. Adequate intervention for this group is strongly recommended.
Title2Vec: a contextual job title embedding for occupational named entity recognition and other applications
Authors: Liu Junhua , Ng Yung Chuen , Gui Zitong , Singhal Trisha , Blessing Lucienne T. M. , Wood Kristin L. , Lim Kwan Hui 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOccupational data mining and analysis is an important task in understanding today’s industry and job market. Various machine learning techniques are proposed and gradually deployed to improve companies’ operations for upstream tasks, such as employee churn prediction, career trajectory modelling and automated interview. Job titles analysis and embedding, as the fundamental building blocks, are crucial upstream tasks to address these occupational data mining and analysis problems. A relevant occupational job title dataset is required to accomplish these tasks and towards that effort, we present the Industrial and Professional Occupations Dataset (IPOD). The IPOD dataset contains over 475,073 job titles based on 192,295 user profiles from a major professional networking site. To further facilitate these applications of occupational data mining and analysis, we proposeTitle2vec, a contextual job title vector representation using a bidirectional Language Model approach. To demonstrate the effectiveness ofTitle2vec, we also define an occupational Named Entity Recognition (NER) task and proposed two methods based on Conditional Random Fields (CRF) and bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory with CRF (LSTM-CRF). Using a large occupational job title dataset, experimental results show that both CRF and LSTM-CRF outperform human and baselines in both exact-match accuracy and F1 scores. The dataset and pre-trained embeddings have been made publicly available athttps://www.github.com/junhua/ipod.
Outcomes of Heavy Silicone Oil (Densiron) compared to Silicone Oil in primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: a multivariable regression model
Authors: Moussa George , Tadros Maria , Ch’ng Soon Wai , Sharma Ash , Lett Kim Son , Mitra Arijit , Tyagi Ajai K. , Andreatta Walter 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To measure the visual outcomes, proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) and retinectomy rates following primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair, comparing silicone oil (SO) and heavy SO (Densiron).

Methods
Retrospective, continuous comparative study from January 2017 to May 2021 of all primary RRD. Multivariable linear (logMAR gain) and binary-logistic (PVR-C and retinectomy rate) regression models to compare tamponade were performed. Covariates included age, gender, ocular co-morbidities, high myopia, macula-status, giant-retinal-tear (GRT), pre-op vision, PVR-C, oil type, perfluorocarbon-use, combined scleral buckle/vitrectomy, combined phaco-vitrectomy, 360-degrees-endolaser and oil duration. Cases with trauma or less than six-month follow-up were excluded.

Results
A total of 259 primary RD were analysed. There were 179 SO patients and 80 Densiron patients that had six-month primary re-detachment in 18 (10.1%) and 8 (10.0%) respectively (p = 1.000). No difference in logMAR gain was detected between tamponade choice on multivariable linear regression. Subsequent glaucoma surgery was 5 (2.8%) and 4 (5.0%) for SO and Densiron patients respectively (p = 0.464). On multivariate binary-logistic regression we found no difference in development of PVR-C between oil tamponades. However, SO had significantly higher subsequent retinectomy rate compared to Densiron (odds ratio 15.3, 95% CI 1.9–125.5, p = 0.011). Duration of oil tamponade was not linked to differences in logMAR gain, PVR-C formation or increased retinectomy rate.

Conclusions
We report no difference in primary anatomical success, number of further RRD surgeries, subsequent glaucoma surgery, visual outcomes, PVR-C between both tamponades on multivariable models. Densiron oil was found to be more retinectomy sparing relative to SO.
Dexamethasone and compliance affect TTFields efficacy to glioblastoma patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Shupeng , Dong Jiawei , Wang Xinyu , Meng Xiangqi , Jiang Chuanlu , Cai Jinquan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTTFields is a novel treating modality of glioblastoma (GBM) which can significantly prolong the overall survival (OS) of newly diagnosed or recurrent glioblastoma. Some researchers have revealed that a variety of factors can affect the efficacy of TTFields. So, we review the available literature about the influencing factors on efficacy of TTFields and then choose two experimentally supported factors: the dose of dexamethasone and compliance of TTFields to perform a meta-analysis. The PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library are searched. Five articles are identified between 2014 and 2017. Three articles are about the compliance of TTFields. Two articles are about the dose of dexamethasone. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) is used as an assessment tool to evaluate the methodological quality of all included trials. The scale’s range varies from 0 to 9 stars. According to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, articles are graded in six items to evaluate the risk of bias. Two reviewers rate the studies independently and the final decision is reached by consensus.Our data shows that the median OS is conspicuously longer in the TTFields group in which the dose of dexamethasone is ≤ 4.1 mg, WMD = 9.23 [95% CI 5.69–12.78]; P < 0.05). And the patients whose compliance of TTFields treatment ≥ 75% (≥ 18 h per day) have a significant lower overall survival risk than the patients whose compliance of TTFields treatment < 75% (HR = 0.57 [95% CI 0.46–0.70]; P < 0.00001).TTFields is a safe and efficient novel treatment modality. The dose of dexamethasone ≤ 4.1 mg of TTFields treatment and the compliance of TTFields treatment ≥ 75%, ≥ 18 h per day are beneficial to the prognosis of the glioblastoma patients.
The endoscopic-assisted approach versus the microscopic only approach in resection of cerebellopontine angle epidermoids: a 5-year retrospective study
Authors: Tammam Mohamed , Khayat Roshdy El , Khallaf Mohamed , Hassan Hassan Mohamed 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The endoscopic-assisted technique has been utilized with various intracranial lesions with many approaches. In the cerebellopontine angle (CPA), the technique has been used to combine the benefits of the operating microscope and the endoscope. In this study, we highlight the use of the endoscopic-assisted technique in resection of CPA epidermoid tumors to ensure a total resection, decrease complications and protect the neurovascular tangles.

Results
In the endoscopic-assisted group, only 18.8% of the patients had post-operative residual in the post-operative MRI. However, in the microscopic only group 56.3% of the patients had post-operative residual. Consequently, there is a statistically significant difference regarding the post-operative residual between the two groups.

Conclusions
The endoscopic-assisted approach is superior to the microscopic only approach in the excision of CPA epidermoids and minimizing the post-operative residual and the recurrence.
Behavioral and psychological symptoms in neurodegenerative dementias: harbinger, follower, or constant collateral?
Authors: Dubey Souvik , Dubey Mahua Jana , Ghosh Ritwik , Mukherjee Debaleena , Pandit Alak , Benito-León Julian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNeurodegenerative dementias such as the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease dementia are linked to various behavioral and psychological abnormalities. Whether these abnormalities precede, coincide or follow the onset of cognitive symptoms is still controversial in existing literature, with trajectories available so far dependent on types of dementia. The authors aim to review the different kinds of premorbid behavioral symptoms/personality traits associated with an increased risk of developing specific types of neurodegenerative dementia. Neuroticism has been associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease and late-onset behavioral abnormalities with the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia. The presence of obsessive–compulsive spectrum disorders in Parkinson’s disease dementia is also not rare. Analyzing this evidence, we propose “behavioral biomarkers” as neuroticism in Alzheimer’s disease, late-onset behavioral abnormalities in behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia, and obsessive–compulsive traits in Parkinson’s disease dementia. These noninvasive behavioral biomarkers will be of immense help, particularly in developing countries, and will prevent the need for costlier investigations and aid in therapeutic strategies.
Clinicopathological features and treatment outcome of central neurocytoma: a single institute experience
Authors: Mohamed Reham , Gurusamy Venkada M. , Orz Yasser , Al-Yamany Mahmoud , Ba-Faqeeh Mohamed , Al-Obaid Abdullah , Al-Shakweer Wafa , Balbaid Ali 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite the increased interest in publishing data on central neurocytoma, its management remains controversial. The overall incidence is approximately 0.5% of brain tumors. The reporting of institutional experience is of major need for such category of tumors to increase our knowledge and experience. In this study, we describe the clinical presentation, pathological data, and treatment outcomes of central neurocytoma.

Results
Medical records of patients with neurocytoma treated in our center from July 2008 to December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Extra ventricular neurocytomas were excluded from analysis due to the known aggressive behavior compared to central neurocytoma. Seventeen patients treated at our center as central neurocytoma were included in the study. The frequent clinical presentation was headaches (58.8%) and paresis (35.3%). Ten patients (58.8%) developed symptoms before the age of 30 years. All patients were treated with surgical resection. Gross total resection was performed in 11 cases (64.7%) and subtotal resection was performed in 3 cases (17.7%). Four patients developed disease progression following the first excision (23.5%), for which additional resection was performed. Two patients received fractionated radiotherapy; one after the first resection due to residual disease postoperatively and the other patient following the third excision due to multiple recurrences with radiotherapy doses of 50.4 Gy and 54 Gy, respectively. The median follow-up time was 51 months (range of 14–106). The 5-year progression-free survival was 70 ± 13%. The overall survival for our cohort of patients was 100%.

Conclusions
Central neurocytoma is a rare tumor of neuronal origin and surgery is the mainstay of treatment with a favorable prognosis. Adjuvant radiotherapy can be offered in patients with residual disease or multiple recurrences, especially in patients with tumors of high MIC-1 LI.