bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitigating effect of L-carnitine against atrazine-induced hepatotoxicity: histopathological and biochemical analyses in albino rats
Authors: Rashad Walaa A. , Saadawy Sara F. , Refaay Nehal E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAtrazine (ATR) is an extensively used herbicide that is often found in drinking water and waterways. After metabolization and excretion in the liver, ATR residues or its metabolites were found in tissues causing harmful effects mainly to the endocrine system and liver. This study aimed to elucidate the toxic impact of ATR on the liver and possible ameliorative effects of L-carnitine (LC). It utilized 30 adult male albino rats divided into three equal groups; the control group received 0.5 cc distilled water orally for 14 days, an ATR-treated group received ATR in a dose of 400 mg/kg BW dissolved in distilled water by oral gavage daily for 14 days, and a protected group (ATR + LC) received 400 mg/kg BW of ATR dissolved in distilled water, plus 100 mg/kg LC dissolved in distilled water by oral gavage daily for 14 days. At the end of the experiment, the liver tissue was prepared for histological and biochemical analyses and showed significant elevation of liver enzymes and oxidative parameters, altered expression of apoptotic and antiapoptotic genes, and hepatic degenerative changes in the ATR-treated group. In conclusion, atrazine induces oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the liver of rats, and these toxic effects can be alleviated by L-carnitine.
Potential of Salvinia biloba Raddi for removing atrazine and carbendazim from aquatic environments
Authors: Loureiro Dana B. , Lario Luciana D. , Herrero María S. , Salvatierra Lucas M. , Novo Luís A. B. , Pérez Leonardo M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this exploratory study, naturally occurring Salvinia biloba Raddi specimens were assessed for atrazine and carbendazim polluted water remediation. Experiments were carried out over 21 days in glass vessels containing deionized water artificially contaminated with 0, 5, 10, and 20 mg L−1 of atrazine or carbendazim. Atrazine had a pronounced detrimental impact on S. biloba, as no biomass development was observed in all macrophytes exposed to this herbicide in the entire concentration range. However, carbendazim-treated plants were able to grow and survive in the polluted medium even when subjected to the highest concentration of this fungicide (i.e., 20 mg L−1). In addition, increased chlorosis and necrosis were also detected in plants subjected to carbendazim as a result of the high phytotoxicity caused by atrazine. A maximal removal efficiency of ~ 30% was observed for both pesticides at 5 mg L−1 and decreased with increasing concentrations of the pollutants. The spectrum of the FTIR-ATR analysis revealed the existence of various functional groups (e.g., amide, carboxyl, hydroxyl, phosphate, sulfate) on the plants, which could be related to pesticide biosorption. In addition, at the end of the 21-day assay, seven carbendazim-resistant bacteria could be isolated from the roots of fungicide-treated plants. Therefore, the use of autochthonous free-floating S. biloba macrophytes for phytoremediation of aquatic environments contaminated with carbendazim shows great promise. Still, additional research is required to further elucidate the plant-mediated carbendazim elimination process and the role of the herbicide-resistant bacteria, and seek alternative species capable of mitigating atrazine contamination.
Digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen (DiGA) in der Primärversorgung – Erfahrungen und Beobachtungen von Hausärzt*innen hinsichtlich der Anwendung von DiGA
Authors: Wangler Julian , Jansky Michael 
Published: October 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Seit 2 Jahren besteht für Ärzt*innen die Möglichkeit, Patient*innen digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen (DiGA) auf Rezept zu verordnen. Bislang fehlen Untersuchungen, die für den hausärztlichen Bereich Erfahrungswerte in der Anwendung von DiGA beleuchten und eine erste Bilanz zum Nutzen ziehen.

Ziel der Arbeit
Die Studie konzentriert sich auf Hausärzt*innen, die DiGA verschrieben und im Versorgungsgeschehen eingesetzt haben. Im Zentrum steht die Frage, wie sich Erfahrungen und Beobachtungen im Hinblick auf die Integration von DiGA in die Patient*innenversorgung darstellen. Auch soll beleuchtet werden, unter welchen Voraussetzungen eine breite Etablierung von DiGA in der Primärversorgung gelingen kann.

Material und Methoden
Zwischen März und Juni 2022 wurden 38 halbstandardisierte Einzelinterviews mit Hausärzt*innen mit DiGA-Erfahrung in Rheinland-Pfalz, Hessen und Nordrhein-Westfalen geführt, die in digitalisierungsorientierten Ärzt*innennetzwerken organisiert sind.

Ergebnisse
Die Interviewten stehen DiGA in großer Mehrheit positiv gegenüber und erachten diese als zuverlässige Anwendungen, die Effizienzvorteile für die Arzt-Patient-Beziehung generieren können. Die Interviewten bewerten die verordneten Anwendungen als nützlich und berichten entsprechend von positiven Versorgungseffekten, die beobachtet wurden. Letztere betreffen v. a. die Verbesserung von Compliance, Mobilität und Aufklärung sowie Gewichtsreduktion. Angeregt wird u. a. eine weitere Optimierung der Usability, der systematischen Weiterbildung von Ärzt*innen zu DiGA und der Ausbau von Gamification-Elementen. Hausärzt*innen mangelt es bislang an fundierten Informationsmöglichkeiten über DiGA.

Schlussfolgerung
Damit DiGA effektiv in der Primärversorgung implementiert werden können, kommt es darauf an, Hausärzt*innen besser über die Grundlagen des DVG zu informieren und Bedenken gezielt zu adressieren. Zentral erscheinen flächendeckende Schulungen, die über Rahmenbedingungen, Strategien und Vorteile des DiGA-Einsatzes aufklären. Auch besteht Bedarf nach fundierteren Informations- und Recherchequellen für Ärzt*innen, um geeignete Anwendungen auszuwählen. Ärzt*innennetzwerke können eine wichtige Rolle für Information und Austausch zu mHealth-Themen spielen.
Supervision von Psychotherapeut*innen in Ausbildung – Welchen Mehrwert bringen psychodramatische und soziometrische Verfahren?
Authors: Krall Hannes 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Beitrag in der Zeitschrift für Psychodrama und Soziometrie (ZPS) wird die Rolle der Supervision in der Ausbildung zum*zur Psychotherapeut*in untersucht. Anhand einer systematischen Analyse von Rückmeldungen der Studierenden eines Ausbildungslehrganges wird der Frage nachgegangen, in welchem Ausmaß die Ziele in der Supervision erreicht werden und welche Arbeitsformen sich als hilfreich bzw. hinderlich für die eigenen Lernprozesse erweisen. Ein besonderes Augenmerk wird dabei auf die Frage gelegt, welchen Mehrwert handlungsorientierte Arbeitsformen in die Supervision einbringen. Es wird gezeigt, dass psychodramatische und soziometrische Verfahren als Ergänzung zu ausschließlich verbalen Arbeitsformen in der Supervision die Lernergebnisse und den Transfer in die psychotherapeutische Praxis verbessern. Kein Unterschied zeigt sich hinsichtlich der Reduktion der Arbeitsbelastung von Studierenden. Verbale und handlungsorientierte Arbeitsformen tragen gleichermaßen zur Entlastung bei.Insgesamt lässt sich jedoch zeigen, dass psychodramatische und soziometrische Interventionen zu einer vertieften Arbeitsbeziehung in der Supervision führen und damit auch die verbalen Rückmeldungen von Seiten des/der Supervisor*in als hilfreicher eingeschätzt werden.
May a witness challenge the conviction? (Some) Confirmation bias in legal experts
Authors: Oeberst Aileen , Goeckenjan Ingke 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCriminal investigations and trials are always guided by assumptions such that a suspect or defendant has committed a certain crime. Research on confirmation bias suggests that such prior assumptions bias subsequent information processing, fostering a confirmation of those assumptions. Biased information processing, in turn, would pose a severe threat to legal decision-making. Since previous evidence regarding professional decision makers is sparse and inconsistent, the present paper investigated whether legal experts showed evidence of confirmation bias. Specifically, we provided case materials pointing to a certain suspect and investigated evaluations of subsequent eyewitness evidence as a function of whether it was consistent or inconsistent with the initial suspicion. Although identical, witnessing conditions were rated as significantly poorer for inconsistent (vs. consistent) statements, thus, indicating confirmation bias. The effects were rather small, but this finding did not hinge on professional training, as another study with (law) students suggested. We argue that even small effects may threaten fair judgments and that our findings likely underestimate real-world effects.
Effects of sleep self-monitoring via app on subjective sleep markers in student athletes
Authors: Jakowski Sarah , Stork Moritz 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAs sleep problems are highly prevalent among university students and competitive athletes, and the application of commercial sleep technologies may be either useful or harmful, this study investigated the effects of a 2-week sleep self-monitoring on the sleep of physically active university students (n = 98, 21 ± 1.7 years). Two intervention groups used a free sleep app (Sleep Score; SleepScore Labs™, Carlsbad, CA, USA: n = 20 or Sleep Cycle; Sleep Cycle AB, Gothenburg, Sweden: n = 24) while answering online sleep diaries. They used the app analysis function in week 1 and the ‘smart alarm’ additionally in week 2. As controls, one group answered the online sleep diary without intervention (n = 21) and another the pre–post questionnaires only (n = 33). Facets of subjective sleep behaviour and the role of bedtime procrastination were analysed. Multilevel models did not show significant interactions, indicating intervention effects equal for both app groups. Sleep Cycle users showed trends toward negative changes in sleep behaviour, while the online sleep diary group showed more, tendentially positive, developments. Bedtime procrastination was a significant predictor of several variables of sleep behaviour and quality. The results indicate neither benefits nor negative effects of app-based sleep self-tracking. Thus, student athletes do not seem to be as susceptible to non-validated sleep technologies as expected. However, bedtime procrastination was correlated with poor sleep quality and should be addressed in sleep intervention programmes.
Parental Mental Illness, Borderline Personality Disorder, and Parenting Behavior: The Moderating Role of Social Support
Authors: Seeger Fabian R. , Neukel Corinne , Williams Katharina , Wenigmann Marc , Fleck Leonie , Georg Anna K. , Bermpohl Felix , Taubner Svenja , Kaess Michael , Herpertz Sabine C. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Parental mental disorders, particularly borderline personality disorder (BPD), impair parenting behavior. Consequently, the children exhibit an elevated risk for psychopathology across their lifespan. Social support for parents is thought to moderate the relationship between parental mental illness and parenting behavior. It may dampen negative effects and serve as starting point for preventive interventions. This paper provides a literature overview regarding the impact of social support on the sequelae of parental mental illness and BPD for parenting behavior.

Recent Findings
Current literature highlights the increased burden of families with a mentally ill parent and associated changes in parenting behavior like increased hostility and affective dysregulation, especially in the context of parental BPD. Literature further demonstrates the powerful impact of social support in buffering such negative outcomes. The effect of social support seems to be moderated itself by further factors like socioeconomic status, gender, or characteristics of the social network.

Summary
Social support facilitates positive parenting in mentally ill parents and may be particularly important in parents with BPD. However, social support is embedded within a framework of influencing factors, which need consideration when interpreting scientific results.
Critical role of mitogen-inducible gene 6 in restraining endothelial cell permeability to maintain vascular homeostasis
Authors: Xing Liying , Huang Guanqun , Chen Rongyuan , Huang Lijuan , Liu Juanxi , Ren Xiangrong , Wang Shasha , Kuang Haiqing , Kumar Anil , Kim Jong Kyong , Jiang Qin , Li Xuri , Lee Chunsik 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Although mitogen-inducible gene 6 (MIG6) is highly expressed in vascular endothelial cells, it remains unknown whether MIG6 affects vascular permeability. Here, we show for the first time a critical role of MIG6 in limiting vascular permeability. We unveil that genetic deletion of Mig6 in mice markedly increased VEGFA-induced vascular permeability, and MIG6 knockdown impaired endothelial barrier function. Mechanistically, we reveal that MIG6 inhibits VEGFR2 phosphorylation by binding to the VEGFR2 kinase domain 2, and MIG6 knockdown increases the downstream signaling of VEGFR2 by enhancing phosphorylation of PLCγ1 and eNOS. Moreover, MIG6 knockdown disrupted the balance between RAC1 and RHOA GTPase activation, leading to endothelial cell barrier breakdown and the elevation of vascular permeability. Our findings demonstrate an essential role of MIG6 in maintaining endothelial cell barrier integrity and point to potential therapeutic implications of MIG6 in the treatment of diseases involving vascular permeability.

Graphical abstract
Xing et al. (2022) investigated the critical role of MIG6 in vascular permeability. MIG6 deficiency promotes VEGFA-induced vascular permeability via activation of PLCγ1-Ca2+-eNOS signaling and perturbation of the balance in RAC1/RHOA activation, resulting in endothelial barrier disruption.
Einflussfaktoren auf den Abschluss einer Versicherung – eine Analyse des Zusammenhangs zwischen Persönlichkeitseigenschaften und dem individuellen Risikomanagement
Authors: Stiefel Selina , Jeske Klaus-Jürgen 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Verständnis des Versicherungsentscheidungsverhaltens durch eine Analyse von Einflussfaktoren auf den Abschluss einer Versicherung bietet Unternehmen vielfältige Ansatzpunkte. Der vorliegende Beitrag fokussiert grundlegende Persönlichkeitseigenschaften sowie Faktoren des individuellen Risikomanagements als relevante Einflussfaktoren. Im Rahmen einer empirischen Untersuchung werden Daten zu Persönlichkeitseigenschaften, der Risikoeinstellung, dem Risikobewusstsein, der Risikowahrnehmung und dem Abschluss ausgewählter Versicherungsprodukte erhoben und ausgewertet. Demnach beeinflusst die Persönlichkeitseigenschaft Extraversion den Abschluss einer Berufsunfähigkeits- und Rentenversicherung, die Anzahl der abgeschlossenen Versicherungen sowie die wahrgenommene Eintrittswahrscheinlichkeit bestimmter Risiken. Ein Einfluss auf den Abschluss einer Unfall- und Rechtsschutzversicherung sowie auf die Risikoeinstellung wird für die Persönlichkeitseigenschaft Verträglichkeit identifiziert. Für die Eigenschaft Gewissenhaftigkeit kann anhand der Stichprobendaten ein Einfluss auf den Abschluss einer Rechtsschutz- und Unfallversicherung sowie auf das wahrgenommene Schadenausmaß beim Eintritt bestimmter Risiken ermittelt werden.
Infected grasses as inoculum for Fusarium infestation and mycotoxin accumulation in wheat with and without irrigation
Authors: Gerling Marina , Petry Laura , Barkusky Dietmar , Büttner Carmen , Müller Marina E. H. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGrasses growing next to agricultural fields influence the Fusarium abundance, the species composition, and the mycotoxin accumulation of wheat plants, especially the field parts directly adjacent to grasses, are highly affected. Grasses are a more attractive and suitable habitat for Fusarium fungi compared to other arable weeds and occur at mostly every semi-natural landscape element (e.g., kettle holes, hedgerows, field-to-field-borders). In our study, we analyzed the ability of a highly Fusarium infected grass stripe (F. graminearum, F. culmorum, F. sporotrichioides) to infect an adjacent wheat field with these species. Results show that the primary inoculated Fusarium species were as well the dominant species isolated from the wheat field. Regarding transects originating from the grass stripe going into the field, the results demonstrate that wheat ears next to the infected grass stripe have a higher Fusarium abundance and furthermore show higher mycotoxin accumulation in the wheat kernels. This effect was highly promoted by irrigation. Therefore, grass stripes next to arable fields must be considered as reservoirs for fungal infections and as a source for a contamination with mycotoxins.
Cell-size space effects on phase separation of binary polymer blends
Authors: Yanagisawa Miho 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWithin living cells, a diverse array of biomolecules is present at high concentrations. To better understand how molecular behavior differs under such conditions (collectively described as macromolecular crowding), the crowding environment has been reproduced inside artificial cells. We have previously shown that the combination of macromolecular crowding and microscale geometries imposed by the artificial cells can alter the molecular behaviors induced by macromolecular crowding in bulk solutions. We have named the effect that makes such a difference the cell-size space effect (CSE). Here, we review the underlying biophysics of CSE for phase separation of binary polymer blends. We discuss how the cell-size space can initiate phase separation, unlike nano-sized spaces, which are known to hinder nucleation and phase separation. Additionally, we discuss how the dimensions of the artificial cell and its membrane characteristics can significantly impact phase separation dynamics and equilibrium composition. Although these findings are, of themselves, very interesting, their real significance may lie in helping to clarify the functions of the cell membrane and space size in the regulation of intracellular phase separation.
The Impact of Immune-Modifying Treatments for Skin Diseases on the Immune Response to COVID-19 Vaccines: a Narrative Review
Authors: Liew Su-Yi , Tree Timothy , Smith Catherine H. , Mahil Satveer K. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Purpose of Review

SARS-CoV-2 has had a devastating global effect, with vaccinations being paramount in the public health strategy against COVID-19. Vaccinations have uncoupled infection from adverse COVID-19 outcomes worldwide. While immune-modifying therapies are effective for the management of skin diseases such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, these medications also impair protective immune responses. There has been longstanding uncertainty and concern over the impact of immune-modifying therapies on the effectiveness of vaccines; for example, it is well recognised that methotrexate impairs humoral responses to both influenza and pneumococcal vaccines. This narrative review aims to discuss the evidence to date on the impact of immune-modifying therapies on the immune response to COVID-19 vaccines, with a focus on the first two vaccine doses.

Recent Findings

Individuals receiving immune-modifying therapy are more likely to have attenuated humoral responses to a single dose of COVID-19 vaccine compared to healthy controls; however, this may be improved by a complete course of vaccination. B cell targeted biologics such as rituximab markedly impair the humoral response to both the first and second COVID-19 vaccination. There remains a paucity of data on cellular immune responses, with the few available studies indicating lower responses to two vaccine doses in individuals receiving immune-modifying therapies compared to healthy controls, which may impact the durability of immune responses.

Summary

Inadequate humoral immune responses to a single dose of vaccine in the context of immune-modifying therapy are improved by a complete course of vaccination. Individuals receiving immune-modifying treatments should be encouraged to take up a complete vaccine course to mitigate their risk against COVID-19. Research in large patient populations on the longevity/kinetics of the complex humoral and cellular response to subsequent vaccine doses, including against newer variants of concern, is warranted, in addition to data on immune correlates of vaccine clinical effectiveness.
Applications of advanced oxidative processes for the recovery of water from bilge water
Authors: Fontana D. , Cardenia C. , Pietrantonio M. , Pucciarmati S. , Forte F. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn the present study, two different advanced oxidation processes, the Fenton reaction and titanium dioxide photocatalysis process, were tested and compared with the aim of water recovery from bilge water. A suitable analytical method was developed in order to evaluate the efficiency of the processes. Wastewater and process products were characterized using analysis of the total carbon content, elemental analysis and permanganometry. The experimental tests were performed both on synthetic samples and on the real matrix. The percentages of carbon abatement in bilge water after the Fenton reaction and titanium dioxide photocatalysis were 67% and 64%, respectively. The Fenton reaction efficiency increased to 95% when the bilge water aqueous phase was pretreated by flocculation using a polyelectrolyte. This combined process can be considered as a valid method to treat bilge water which can then be discharged directly into the sea, sewer, or may be reused as gray water.
“Waking up” the sleeping metaphor of normality in connection to intersex or DSD: a scoping review of medical literature
Authors: De Clercq Eva , Starke Georg , Rost Michael 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe aim of the study is to encourage a critical debate on the use of normality in the medical literature on DSD or intersex. For this purpose, a scoping review was conducted to identify and map the various ways in which “normal” is used in the medical literature on DSD between 2016 and 2020. We identified 75 studies, many of which were case studies highlighting rare cases of DSD, others, mainly retrospective observational studies, focused on improving diagnosis or treatment. The most common use of the adjective normal was in association with phenotypic sex. Overall, appearance was the most commonly cited criteria to evaluate the normality of sex organs. More than 1/3 of the studies included also medical photographs of sex organs. This persistent use of normality in reference to phenotypic sex is worrisome given the long-term medicalization of intersex bodies in the name of a “normal” appearance or leading a “normal” life. Healthcare professionals should be more careful about the ethical implications of using photographs in publications given that many intersex persons describe their experience with medical photography as dehumanizing.