bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association of coffee consumption rate with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, non-HDL levels, and TC/HDL ratio in females with vitamin D deficiency
Authors: Habash Maha , Al-shakhshir Sami , Abusamak Mohammad , Mohammad Mohammad Yasin , AbuSamak Mahmoud 
Published: July 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of coffee consumption rate with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in females with vitamin D deficiency. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out by studying the records of 270 Jordanian females aged 18–65 years with varying degrees of vitamin D deficiency. Following completion of the questionnaire regarding their anthropometric characteristics and coffee consumption rate during the preceding 3 months, the participants were required to provide blood samples for analysis to measure 25-hydroxyvitamin D and lipid profile levels including non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio. Results: The current study demonstrated that coffee consumption rate and vitamin D deficiency were significantly positively connected with the total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio ( p = .003) in women with vitamin D deficiency. In addition, vitamin D deficiency alone correlated positively with non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and the total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio ( p = .010) and ( p = .002), respectively. Conclusion: Higher coffee consumption rate among women with vitamin D deficiency significantly elevated total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio that may increase woman’s risk of hyperlipidemia.
Toward an Integrated Context-Based Design Approach for Dementia Residential Care Homes: A Review of Key Operational Design Problems
Authors: Shabha Ghasson , Edwards David J. , Gaines Kristi , Laycok Paul 
Published: July 2022

Objectives, Purpose, or Aim: This article seeks to develop a context-based management system focusing on assessing key operational and design problems and affecting wayfinding in dementia residential care homes. Background: Dementia is multifaceted neurocognitive impairments largely attributed to cognitive deterioration manifested in memory loss and visuospatial deficit which have wider practical implications to both environmental safety and wayfinding and navigation of dementia user. Two key questions were addressed in this context: (1) How can cognitively facilitating assistive technology (AT) be made more user-focused to mitigate the impacts of cognitive impairments on environmental safety and wayfinding? (2) How can design intervention and changes in design topology, colors and texture, and internal finishing aid wayfinding, navigation, and orientation in dementia residential care homes? Method: A systematic literature review and analysis was undertaken to assess the efficacy of key cognitively-related AT to support activities of daily living and environmental safety of dementia sufferers in a care home and aid wayfinding, navigation, and orientation. Results: Several key design variables to facilitate wayfinding and spatial orientation were identified which include design topology, floor finishing, signposting, and use of color and texture strengthened by meaning, emotional connection to places and cognitively focused intervention via memory cueing and objects-centered recognition. Conclusions: Key operational and design guidelines were proposed to assist built environment, care home developers, clinicians and healthcare professionals, and care services providers. There is a need to move toward a dementia-centered design to address the challenges facing people living with dementia in care homes. This should be based on the interrelated behavioral, cognitive, and communication factors.
Nursing Home Adoption of CDC and ASHRAE COVID-19 Built Environment Recommendations: A Characterization Study of Colorado Nursing Home Facilities
Authors: Goldman Cedra , Czaja Christopher , Moses X. J. Ethan , Van Dyke Mike 
Published: July 2022

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and ASHRAE provided infection control recommendations for the built environments and ventilation systems of nursing homes (NHs). The level of adoption of the suggested strategies is unknown, as little information has been obtained from NHs identifying the strategies that were implemented. Objective: The primary goal of our study was to characterize the built environments of Colorado NHs during the COVID-19 pandemic to assess the level of adoption of CDC and ASHRAE recommendations. Our secondary goal was to identify opportunities and barriers that NHs face as they work to create health-protective built environments in the future. Method: We used the Nursing Home Built Environment survey to obtain data related to three main categories of CDC and ASHRAE recommendation for Colorado NHs: Resident Isolation, Improved Indoor Air Quality, and Staff Separation/Support. Results: Key findings included: (1) On average, NHs had 34% of their beds located in single-occupancy rooms; (2) seven (9%) NHs had designated COVID-positive “neighborhoods”; (3) 14 (20%) NHs had common area ventilation systems that were utilizing filters with a minimum efficiency reporting value 13 rating, or higher. Conclusion: Most Colorado NHs did not fully implement the COVID-19 built environment strategies recommended by CDC and ASHRAE. While there are barriers to the adoption of many of the strategies, there are also opportunities for immediate improvements that can support the health of vulnerable NH populations as we continue to see high rates of aerosolized infectious disease spread in NH facilities.
Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Surgery Leadership Trends: A Cross-Sectional Study of Fellowship Directors and Division Chiefs
Authors: Chopra Aman , Fletcher Amanda N. , Madi Naji , Parekh Selene G. 
Published: July 2022

Background: In orthopaedic surgery departments, foot and ankle fellowship directors are tasked to create a robust clinical curriculum for trainees, while division chiefs manage the division’s delivery of patient care. The primary aim of this study was to describe characteristics of foot and ankle surgery fellowship directors and division chiefs in an effort to recognize trends or disparities in leadership traits. Methods: The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) fellowship directory for 2021 to 2022 was reviewed for AOFAS-recognized fellowship programs in the United States. Between March 2021 and June 2021, 48 fellowship directors and 23 publicly recognized division chiefs were administered an electronic survey to collect demographic, educational, and professional data. Univariate and bivariate statistical analyses were performed. Results: A total of 42 of the 48 (87.5%) fellowship directors and 18 of the 23 (78.3%) division chiefs responded to the questionnaire. Of the 48 fellowship directors, 45 (93.8%) were male, 43 (89.6%) identified as Caucasian, their average age at leadership appointment was 42.6 ± 7.5 (range, 32-70) years, and the average time between fellowship graduation and leadership appointment was 9.9 ± 7.8 (range, 0-36) years. Of the 23 chiefs, 22 (95.7%) were male, 20 (87.0%) identified as Caucasians, their average age at leadership appointment was 41.7 ± 7.8 (range, 32-53) years, and the average time between fellowship graduation and leadership appointment was 9.8 ± 6.8 (range, 2-21) years. The average H-index for the chiefs was greater than that of the fellowship directors (18.4 vs 13.4, P = .0373) when controlling for years of training>. Conclusion: The majority of current leaders identify as middle-age Caucasian males, demonstrate high research productivity, and have attended a select number of the same residency and fellowship training programs. By demonstrating the lack of diversity within foot and ankle surgery leadership, this study serves as a call to action for making inclusivity a priority. Levels of Evidence: Level IV: Cross-sectional study
Towards an effective framework for integrating patient-reported outcomes in electronic health records
Authors: Wang Panzhang , Li Tao , Yu Lei , Zhou Liang , Yan Tao 
Published: July 2022

Background In the past decade, electronic modalities are increasingly deployed to integrate patient-reported outcomes into electronic health records. Most popularly, patient portals are used for remote questionnaires, and tablets are provided to patients in-office in case they need help. They are both useful. But some barriers are still in the way, which place burdens on patients and clinicians in the process of routine data collection. Objective This study aims to describe a portable and scalable framework which can simplify the patient-reported outcome integration by mitigating the related burdens. Methods A framework was proposed to use a modular approach to replace the tethered approach. The framework was open-sourced on GitHub. After development and testing, it was evaluated on an instrument with 24 questions in a real clinical setting. Patients were randomly selected in every modality-based group. For objective analysis, completion time and response rate were collected. No-show data was collected and analyzed. For subjective analysis, the NASA Task Load Index was used to measure workload, and the Net Promoter Score was used to assess user satisfaction. Results The model could contain 46,656 questions. A quick response code could store 1120 encoded items. For remote visits, the response rate was improved compared to the portal group (76.6% vs. 61.1%). The completion time was reduced by 37.5% when compared to the tablet group and was reduced by 43.4% when compared to the portal group. The workload for clinicians and patients was both reduced significantly ( p < 0.001). A higher Net Promoter Score was rated by both clinicians (89.3%) and patients (86.5%). Compared to the portal group, the no-show rate was reduced (11.7% vs. 8.6%). Conclusions Collecting patient-reported outcomes over a quick response code appears to be an alternative modality to enable a simplified integration. This study provides new insights to collect patient-reported outcomes with interoperability and substitutability in mind.
Umbilical Cord–Derived Stem Cells for the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Dhillon Jaydeep , Kraeutler Matthew J. , Belk J. Wilson , Scillia Anthony J. 
Published: July 2022

Background: The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA) has gained recent interest in the orthopaedics community. Purpose: To review the literature to evaluate the efficacy of umbilical cord–derived MSCs in the treatment of OA of the knee joint. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases to identify studies with evidence levels from 1 to 4 that evaluated the clinical efficacy of human umbilical cord–derived MSC (hUC-MSC) injections for knee OA. The search phrase used was “umbilical cord knee osteoarthritis.” In the studies reviewed, patients were assessed based on the macroscopic International Cartilage Regeneration & Joint Preservation Society (ICRS) score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, and the subjective International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score. Results: A total of 7 studies met inclusion criteria, including 385 patients undergoing injection of hUC-MSCs (mean age, 59.7 years). The mean follow-up was 23.4 months. Weighted averages of the WOMAC, macroscopic ICRS, subjective IKDC, and VAS scores all showed improvement from before to after treatment. No severe adverse reactions were recorded. Conclusion: Patients undergoing treatment of knee OA with hUC-MSCs might be expected to experience improvements in clinical outcomes. Additional high-quality randomized studies are needed to better determine the efficacy of hUC-MSC for the treatment of knee OA.
Effect of Pitching Restrictions and Mound Distance on Youth Baseball Pitch Counts
Authors: Mair Hailey , Kenney Nicholas A. , Uhl Timothy L. , Ullery L. Robert , Hosey Robert G. 
Published: July 2022

Background: Studies have shown that higher pitch counts are directly related to a greater incidence of elbow and shoulder pain among youth baseball pitchers. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of different pitching restriction rules on the number of pitches thrown in youth baseball leagues. We hypothesized that more pitches would be thrown in leagues with inning restrictions versus leagues with pitch count restrictions as well as in leagues with a longer mound distance (from pitching mound to home plate). Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Pitch count data were collected for 2 consecutive years over a 10-week season from 3 different leagues of 9- to 12-year-old baseball players in a single city. The Eastern league had a pitch count restriction and 46-ft (14.02-m) mound distance. The Southeastern and South leagues’ pitching restrictions were based on innings per week. The Southeastern league had a 50-ft (15.24-m) mound distance, while the South league had a 46-ft mound distance. Comparisons of total seasonal pitches thrown were made of the 3 highest-volume pitchers on each team. League averages for each value were then compared utilizing analysis of variance with Bonferroni post hoc analysis. The number of pitchers in each league who threw >600 pitches per season was compared using the chi-square test. Results: No significant difference in seasonal pitch counts or innings pitched was noted between the Eastern and South leagues, which differed only in their pitching restrictions. The Southeastern league, with a longer mound distance, was found to have higher seasonal pitch counts per thrower (598 ± 195 pitches) than the South league (463 ± 198 pitches) for the 3 highest-volume throwers for each team ( P = .004). The Southeastern league also had a significantly larger number of pitchers who threw >600 pitches per season (33 vs 20 for Eastern and 13 for South; P = .009). Conclusion: There was no significant difference in seasonal pitch counts when the leagues in this study differed based on pitching restrictions. However, the league with a greater mound distance (Southeastern) had higher seasonal pitch counts for the highest-volume throwers. Pitching restrictions based on pitch counts, as opposed to innings, may be advisable.
Boon or bane? Open society and polarisation
Authors: Royer Christof 
Published: July 2022

Is polarisation a fundamental threat to the open society? Are the divisions that run through societies and separate them into two (or more) more or less hostile groups problems to be solved? Or are they the corollaries of a vibrant democratic system that might legitimately be called an ‘open society’? These are the questions I seek to explore in this contribution to the special issue. My argument unfolds through a reinterpretation of Karl Popper’s conception of open society as a democratic idea, characterised by an appreciation of genuine human plurality and diversity that make ‘critical encounters with the other side’ possible (and desirable); this conception of open society also recognises the progressive potential of social and political conflicts. For that reason, political polarisation cannot be regarded as a lethal threat to open societies. By contrast, ‘belief polarisation’, with its Manichean orientation and anti-political tendencies, is a much more serious threat. It follows that advocates of open society should avoid the temptation to solve the ‘problem’ of political polarisation – they should accept it as the price to be paid for the ‘imperfect ideal’ of open society. However, they should take steps to reduce belief polarisation through the active creation of spaces of critical encounters with the other side. The overarching aim of the article, then, is to make a contribution to both the literature on open society and polarisation. To that end, I will bring the concept of open society and the phenomenon of polarisation into a relationship of reciprocal elucidation: through the engagement with open society, I will shine some light on polarisation, and through the analysis of polarisation, I will put flesh on the concept of open society.
Decreased Brain Ventricular Volume in Psychiatric Inpatients with Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Treatment
Authors: Bolin PK , Gosnell SN , Brandel-Ankrapp K , Srinivasan N , Castellanos A , Salas R 
Published: July 2022

Background Brain ventricles have been reported to be enlarged in several neuropsychiatric disorders and in aging. Whether human cerebral ventricular volume can decrease over time with psychiatric treatment is not well-studied. The aim of this study was to examine whether inpatients taking serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRI) exhibited reductions in cerebral ventricular volume. Methods Psychiatric inpatients, diagnosed mainly with depression, substance use, anxiety, and personality disorders, underwent two imaging sessions (Time 1 and Time 2, approximately 4 weeks apart). FreeSurfer was used to quantify volumetric features of the brain, and ANOVA was used to analyze ventricular volume differences between Time 1 and Time 2. Inpatients’ brain ventricle volumes were normalized by dividing by estimated total intracranial volume (eTIV). Clinical features such as depression and anxiety levels were collected at Time 1, Time 1.5 (approximately 2 weeks apart), and Time 2. Results Inpatients consistently taking SRIs (SRI + , n = 44) showed statistically significant reductions of brain ventricular volumes particularly for their left and right lateral ventricular volumes. Reductions in their third ventricular volume were close to significance ( p =  0.063). The inpatients that did not take SRIs (SRI-, n = 25) showed no statistically significant changes in brain ventricular volumes. The SRI + group also exhibited similar brain structural features to the healthy control group based on the 90% confidence interval comparsions on brain ventricular volume parameters, whereas the SRI- group still exhibited relatively enlarged brain ventricular volumes after treatment. Conclusions SRI treatment was associated with decreased brain ventricle volume over treatment.
Diabetes Distress in Emerging Adulthood: Content Validity of the Problem Areas in Diabetes—Emerging Adult Version (PAID-EA) Using Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Wentzell Katherine , Vitale Rebecca , Laffel Lori 
Published: July 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the emotional work of diabetes during emerging adulthood and to explicate the validity of a newly developed measure of diabetes distress (DD) for use with emerging adults living with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), the Problem Areas in Diabetes—Emerging Adult version (PAID-EA). Methods: Young people ages 18 to 30 with T1DM were recruited online to complete a cross-sectional survey including measures of DD, depressive symptomology, and the PAID-EA. To evaluate content validity, 2 open-ended questions asked what was the most significant emotion or worry discussed in the survey items and what feelings were missed in those items. Responses were analyzed using directed qualitative content analysis. Results: A total of 254 (87%) participants responded to at least 1 of the 2 open-ended questions. Three themes and 1 subtheme were identified: (1) fear of the future with the subtheme of worry about the cost of diabetes, (2) acute worries about living with diabetes, and (3) challenges with finding support. More PAID-EA items corresponded with these themes than items on the original Problem Areas in Diabetes or Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, supporting the validity of the PAID-EA and clarifying the developmental-stage-specific aspects of DD. Conclusions: Emerging adulthood is a period in which the future should hold infinite possibility, but young people with T1DM describe a staggering fear of the future with markedly limited possibilities, supporting the need to measure the developmental-stage-specific experience of DD as captured on the PAID-EA.
Distal Biceps Tendon Repair Using a Unicortical Button
Authors: Barrazueta Gustavo , Awan Hisham , Cvetanovich Gregory 
Published: July 2022

Background: Distal biceps tendon ruptures occur most commonly in the dominant arm of men in their 4th through 6th decades of life. These injuries lead to a 30% reduction in flexion strength and 40% reduction in supination strength. Numerous methods exist for fixation of the distal biceps tendon, including bicortical endobutton, transosseous tunnels, suture anchors, and interference screws. We review the technique for using a unicortical button fixation method. Indications: Indications for surgical fixation of the distal biceps tendon include complete tendon ruptures, where a loss of elbow flexion and forearm supination strength of 30% and 40%, respectively, is not desired and partial tendon ruptures that have failed nonoperative treatment. Typically, nonoperative treatment of partial tendon ruptures is tried for a minimum of 3 months. Technique Description: We present the technique of repairing a distal biceps tendon rupture using a unicortical button. A 1-incision technique is utilized through a transverse incision approximately 3-4 cm distal to the elbow flexion crease. Onlay fixation of the distal biceps tendon to the radial tuberosity is achieved with a unicortical, or intramedullary, button. The postoperative protocol varies with surgeon but is similar to other fixation techniques. Results: Outcomes for primary repair of the distal biceps tendon are promising in the literature with both patient-reported outcomes and objective data showing good to excellent results. Bicortical button fixation has traditionally shown to be stiffer with a higher load to failure than other fixation techniques, including suture anchors, transosseous tunnels, and interference screws. The unicortical button has been shown to be statistically equivalent to the bicortical button, with similar cyclic loading and load to failure values. Discussion/Conclusion: The unicortical button technique for distal biceps repairs has the benefit of using a small footprint in the radial tuberosity, potentially decreasing the risk of heterotopic ossification, providing a safer avenue of obtaining anatomic placement and trajectory of repair, and decreasing the risk of posterior interosseous nerve injury. The unicortical button has been shown to have a similar strength profile to the bicortical button, which is higher than all other fixation techniques previously described in the literature.