bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender Differences in the Prevalence of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Zirra Alexandra , Rao Shilpa C. , Bestwick Jonathan , Rajalingam Rajasumi , Marras Connie , Blauwendraat Cornelis , Mata Ignacio F. , Noyce Alastair J. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundParkinson's disease (PD) affects males more than females. The reasons for the gender differences in PD prevalence remain unclear.ObjectiveThe objective of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to update the overall male/female prevalence ratios (OPR).MethodsWe updated previous work by searching MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and OVID for articles reporting PD prevalence for both genders between 2011 and 2021. We calculated OPRs and investigated heterogeneity in effect estimates.ResultsWe included 19 new articles and 13 articles from a previously published meta‐analysis. The OPR was 1.18, 95% CI, [1.03, 1.36]. The OPR was lowest in Asia and appeared to be decreasing over time. Study design, national wealth, and participant age did not explain OPR heterogeneity.ConclusionGender differences in PD prevalence may not be as stark as previously thought. Studies are needed to understand the role of other determinants of gender differences in PD prevalence.
Biden administration provides more resources, supports for school MH needs
Authors: Canady Valerie A. 
Published: October 2022

The field recently witnessed promising investments in school‐based mental health, including more than $300 million, via awards and grants, for health professionals in schools and in emergency departments (EDs). The bulk of the funding would be provided through the Bipartisan Safer Communities Act (BSCA), a firearm regulation and mental health bill that was passed this summer by Congress and signed into law by President Biden.
A single‐surface wideband printed monopole antenna with high‐order mode compression by bending line loading
Authors: Zhao Songjiang , Luo Yu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA wideband coplanar waveguide‐fed printed monopole antenna is proposed. The wideband performance of the monopole is achieved by compressing the third‐ and fifth‐order modes. By loading the bending line at the zero point of the third‐order mode of the monopole current distribution, the fifth‐order mode resonant frequency decreases significantly, while the third‐order mode resonant frequency remains almost constant. Therefore, a wideband impedance match is achieved. A fully functional prototype was fabricated and characterized. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated results. A wideband from 2.92 to 3.66 GHz (22.5%) was achieved in a thin structure of 85 × 33 mm2, exhibiting a measured omnidirectional radiation pattern with 2.4–4.9 dBi gain.
Technical note: Assessment of radiation measurement devices for the detection of [177Lu]Lu‐labeled radiopharmaceuticals containing [177mLu]Lu‐impurities
Authors: Kupitz Dennis , Einspänner Eric , Wissel Heiko , Hohn Alexander , Kreissl Michael C. , Grosser Oliver S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundNuclear medicine therapies using [177Lu]Lu‐labeled radiopharmaceuticals have increased significantly in recent years. Some of these radiopharmaceuticals contain long‐lived impurities of [177mLu]Lu. Identification of this specific contamination and its quantification is important in different scenarios.PurposeIn this study, standard measurement hardware used for handling radioisotopes was evaluated for the measurement of [177mLu]Lu and [177Lu]Lu at equilibrium. Device‐specific detection limits (LODs) for [177mLu]Lu were determined according to international standards and then validated.MethodsThe LODs were determined according to the international standard ISO 11929‐1 for [177mLu]Lu for five identical portable contamination monitors (PCMs), a wastewater counter (WWC), and a release counter system (RCS) at different measuring times. Subsequent activity measurements of the defined samples were used to validate the linearity of the measurement instruments down to the LOD for each system.ResultsThe average LOD across all PCMs was 0.249 ± 0.009 and 0.129 ± 0.005 Bq/cm2 for 10 and 30 s measurements, respectively. The LODs of WWC varied between 3.3 and 4.7 Bq/L for measurement times of 300 s and 0.8–1.3 Bq/L for 3600 s depending on the energy window studied. The LOD of the RCS depended on the container volume and was 0.08 Bq/g for the 50 L container at 60 s measurement. The measurements for all examined devices were linear down to the LOD (correlation coefficient R ≥ 0.96; coefficient of determination R2 ≥ 0.92).ConclusionsAll investigated measuring instruments (PCM, WWC, RCS) were suitable for the determination of [177mLu]Lu at equilibrium, and their specific LODs were determined. Based on the measurements performed, activity is overestimated; however, this is tolerable because assumptions and measurements in the context of radiation protection should be conservative.
Intravesical IR‐780 instillation prevents radiation cystitis by protecting urothelial integrity
Authors: Li Jinjin , Shen Chongxing , Qiu Heping , Wang Jianwu , Yue Xiaofeng , Dai Linyong , Huang Yuandi , Li Tong , Fang Qiang , Zhi Yi , Shi Chunmeng , Li Weibing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPurposeTo explore an efficient preventive strategy for radiation cystitis.MethodsWe instilled IR‐780 into the bladders of rats 1 h before bladder irradiation, and its bio‐distribution was observed at different times. Bladders were then examined for pathogenic alterations and inflammation levels by day 3 and week 12 postirradiation, and the functional characteristics of the bladder were tested via cystometry by week 12. Human uroepithelial sv‐huc‐1 cells were used to determine the effect of IR‐780 on cell viability, regardless of irradiation. We measured the intracellular levels of oxidative stress, DNA damage, apoptosis proportion, and the expression of antioxidant proteases and apoptotic caspases in IR‐780 pretreated cells after radiation.ResultsIR‐780 is localized in the urothelium after intravesical instillation in vivo. Ionizing radiation could induce acute impairment of the bladder urothelium and inflammation in the bladder on day 3. Fibrosis of the irradiated bladder progressed and eventually affected voiding function at 12 weeks. Treatment with IR‐780 before irradiation ameliorated these changes. In vitro, IR‐780 protected against cell viability and apoptosis of sv‐huc‐1 cells after irradiation. Additionally, IR‐780 may assist in eliminating reactive oxygen species and repairing irradiation‐induced DNA damage.ConclusionOur data indicate that IR‐780 can be used before irradiation to prevent acute urinary mucosal injury and late bladder dysfunction. Moreover, early urothelial impairment plays a significant role in radiation cystitis development.
On the SAV‐DG method for a class of fourth order gradient flows
Authors: Liu Hailiang , Yin Peimeng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFor a class of fourth order gradient flow problems, integration of the scalar auxiliary variable (SAV) time discretization with the penalty‐free discontinuous Galerkin (DG) spatial discretization leads to SAV‐DG schemes. These schemes are linear and shown unconditionally energy stable. However, the reduced linear systems are rather expensive to solve due to the dense coefficient matrices. In this paper, we provide a procedure to pre‐evaluate the auxiliary variable in the piecewise polynomial space. As a result the computational complexity of reduces to when exploiting the conjugate gradient (CG) solver. This hybrid SAV‐DG method is more efficient and able to deliver satisfactory results of high accuracy. This was also compared with solving the full augmented system of the SAV‐DG schemes.
A fourth‐order accurate numerical method for the distributed‐order Riesz space fractional diffusion equation
Authors: Chen Xuejuan , Chen Jinghua , Liu Fawang , Sun Zhi‐zhong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this article, a novel fourth‐order accurate difference method is derived for the distributed‐order Riesz space fractional diffusion equation in one‐dimensional (1D) and two‐dimensional (2D) cases, respectively. First, the distributed integral terms are discretized by using the Simpson quadrature rule into the multi‐term Riesz space fractional diffusion equations. Then, a fourth‐order accurate difference scheme is presented to approximate the multi‐term Riesz fractional diffusion equations. Moreover, the proposed difference schemes are proved to be unconditionally stable and convergent in norm for both 1D and 2D cases. Finally, numerical experiments are given to verify the efficiency of the schemes.
One‐Pot Electrochemical Synthesis of Citric Acid Functionalized Iron Oxide Magnetic Nanoparticles for Congo Red Adsorption
Authors: Pawar Aditya Amrut , Kumar Ravi , Sharma Shilpa , Satyanarayana Tulasi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAzo dyes, like Congo red (CR), are persistent contaminants that cause detrimental consequences on living organisms in various habitats. In the present study, a novel and facile one‐pot citric acid functionalized iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@CA NPs) through an electrochemical method are synthesized and characterized for adsorbing CR dye present in an aqueous solution is reported. The influence of various factors on the adsorption of CR dye, namely pH of the CR solution, Fe3O4@CA NPs concentration, initial CR dye concentration, contact time, temperature, and agitation speed, are examined. The adsorption isotherms and kinetic studies for CR adsorption on Fe3O4@CA NPs are also investigated. The equilibrium results correspond well to the Langmuir isotherm having maximum dye uptake of 46.948 mg g−1, while the adsorption follows the pseudo‐second‐order kinetics model. The adsorption process appears to be spontaneous and endothermic, according to the thermodynamic parameters. The mechanism of CR adsorption on Fe3O4@CA NPs is also suggested. The synthesized nanoadsorbent shows more than 90% recyclability during five consecutive adsorption–desorption cycles. The simple and cost effective synthesis, high adsorption capacity, and recyclable nature of Fe3O4@CA NPs suggest the potential to eliminate CR from aqueous sources.
DomainMapper: Accurate domain structure annotation including those with non‐contiguous topologies
Authors: Manriquez‐Sandoval Edgar , Fried Stephen D. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAutomated domain annotation is an important tool for structural informatics. These pipelines typically involve searching query sequences against hidden Markov model (HMM) profiles, yielding matches to profiles for various domains. However, domain annotation can be ambiguous or inaccurate when proteins contain domains with non‐contiguous residue ranges, and especially when insertional domains are hosted within them. Here, we present DomainMapper, an algorithm that accurately assigns a unique domain structure annotation to a query sequence, including those with complex topologies. We validate our domain assignments using the AlphaFold database and confirm that non‐contiguity is pervasive (10.74% of all domains in yeast and 4.52% in human). Using this resource, we find that certain folds have strong propensities to be non‐contiguous or insertional across the Tree of Life. DomainMapper is freely available and can be ran as a single command‐line function.
Ultrasound‐based radiomics score for pre‐biopsy prediction of prostate cancer to reduce unnecessary biopsies
Authors: Ou Wei , Lei Jiahao , Li Minghao , Zhang Xinyao , Liang Ruiming , Long Lingli , Wang Changxuan , Chen Lingwu , Chen Junxing , Zhang Junlong , Wang Zongren 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients undergoing prostate biopsies (PBs) suffer from low positive rates and potential risk for complications. This study aimed to develop and validate an ultrasound (US)‐based radiomics score for pre‐biopsy prediction of prostate cancer (PCa) and subsequently reduce unnecessary PBs.MethodsBetween December 2015 and March 2018, 196 patients undergoing initial transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)‐guided PBs were retrospectively enrolled and randomly assigned to the training or validation cohort at a ratio of 7:3. A total of 1044 radiomics features were extracted from grayscale US images of each prostate nodule. After feature selection through the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model, the radiomics score was developed from the training cohort. The prediction nomograms were developed using multivariate logistic regression analysis based on the radiomics score and clinical risk factors. The performance of the nomograms was assessed and compared in terms of discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness.ResultsThe radiomics score consisted of five selected features. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the radiomics score, age, total prostate‐specific antigen (tPSA), and prostate volume were independent factors for prediction of PCa (all p < 0.05). The integrated nomogram incorporating the radiomics score and three clinical risk factors reached an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.835 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.729–0.941), thereby outperforming the clinical nomogram which based on only clinical factors and yielded an AUC of 0.752 (95% CI, 0.618–0.886) (p = 0.04). Both nomograms showed good calibration. Decision curve analysis indicated that using the integrated nomogram would add more benefit than using the clinical nomogram.ConclusionThe radiomics score was an independent factor for pre‐biopsy prediction of PCa. Addition of the radiomics score to the clinical nomogram shows incremental prognostic value and may help clinicians make precise decisions to reduce unnecessary PBs.
Governing dynamics and preferential binding of the AXH domain influence the aggregation pathway of Ataxin‐1
Authors: Tammara Vaishnavi , Das Atanu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe present state of understanding the mechanism of Spinocerebellar Ataxia‐1, a fatal neurodegenerative disease linked to the protein Ataxin‐1 (ATXN1), is baffled by a set of self‐contradictory, and hence, inconclusive observations. This fallacy poses a bottleneck to the effective designing of curable drugs as the field is currently missing the specific druggable site. To understand the fundamentals of pathogenesis, we tried to decipher the intricacies of the extremely complicated landscape by targeting the relevant species that supposedly dictate the structure–function paradigm. The atomic‐level description and characterization of the dynamism of the systems reveal the existence of structural polymorphism in all the leading stakeholders of the overall system. The very existence of conformational heterogeneity in every species creates numerous possible combinations of favorable interactions because of the variability in segmental cross‐talks and hence claims its role in the choice of routes between functional activity and dysfunctional disease‐causing aggregation. Despite this emergent configurational diversity, there is a common mode of operative intermolecular forces that dictates the extent of stability of all the multimeric complexes due to the localized population of a specific type of residue. The present research proposes a dynamic switch mechanism between aggregability and functional activity, based on the logical interpretation of the estimated variables, which is practically dictated by the effective concentration of the interacting species involved in the cell.
A note on an average run length calculation for the EWMA and other charts
Authors: Haq Abdul , Woodall William H. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn the last decade numerous papers have appeared in the statistical process monitoring literature where the in‐control and out‐of‐control average run length (ARL) profiles of the exponentially weighted moving average chart, and some of its variants, have been approximated under the assumption that the signal event can be represented by a sequence of independent Bernoulli random variables. In this short note we show that these approximations, presented in the literature as being exact, can be very inaccurate when compared with the true ARL values. Moreover, the use of these poor ARL approximations has led to many flawed articles, which should be either corrected or retracted.
Pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome revisited: Current understanding and perspectives regarding future research
Authors: Harada Miyuki 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among reproductive‐age women and has lifelong effects on health.MethodsIn this review, I discuss the pathophysiology of PCOS. First, I summarize our current understanding of the etiology and pathology of PCOS, then, discuss details of two representative environmental factors involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Finally, I present perspectives regarding the directions of future research.Main findingsThe pathophysiology of PCOS is heterogeneous and shaped by the interaction of reproductive dysfunction and metabolic disorders. Hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance exacerbate one another during the development of PCOS, which is also affected by dysfunction of the hypothalamus‐pituitary‐ovarian axis. PCOS is a highly heritable disorder, and exposure to certain environmental factors causes individuals with predisposing genetic factors to develop PCOS. The environmental factors that drive the development of PCOS pathophysiology make a larger contribution than the genetic factors, and may include the intrauterine environment during the prenatal period, the follicular microenvironment, and lifestyle after birth.ConclusionOn the basis of this current understanding, three areas are proposed to be subjects for future research, with the ultimate goals of developing therapeutic and preventive strategies and providing appropriate lifelong management, including preconception care.
Formation control of nonholonomic mobile robots with inaccurate global positions and velocities
Authors: Li Li , Kuang Changgen , Xia Yuanqing , Qiang Jiaping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this article, leader‐following formation control is investigated for nonholonomic mobile robots with inaccurate measurements of global positions and velocities. In many existing results, the leader robot's velocities are assumed to be precisely measured and transmitted to follower robots, and unmodeled parts of the kinematic model caused by inaccurate global position are often ignored. First, an error‐based extended state observer (EBESO) for each robot is designed to counteract influence of the inaccurate global positions and velocities in real time. Then, an EBESO‐based formation controller without the leader robot's velocities is proposed to guarantee the accurate formation tracking performances. Furthermore, both convergence of the EBESO and stability analysis of the closed‐loop error system are provided, respectively. The superiority of the proposed method is verified and illustrated by experiments.
Stabilizing a class of nonlinear parameter‐varying systems using interval observer based on a piecewise framework
Authors: Faramin Mostafa , Rezaie Behrooz , Rahmani Zahra 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article addresses an interval observer‐based control for stabilizing a class of nonlinear parameter‐varying systems with noisy output by designing a switching surface. An input‐dependent interval observer is firstly developed to estimate the lower and upper bounds of the states. Next, a switching‐based controller is designed to stabilize the interval observer which implies the stability of the main parameter‐varying system. The developed stabilizing switching surfaces are designed based on the outputs of the main system and the bounds of the states of the observer. By choosing an appropriate piecewise Lyapunov function, the closed‐loop stability analysis of the interval observer system leads to a set of linear matrix inequalities including stability and Metzler constraints, simultaneously. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified using the simulation results.
Dynamics between environmental taxes and ecological sustainability: Evidence from top‐seven green economies by novel quantile approaches
Authors: Ullah Sami , Luo Rundong , Adebayo Tomiwa Sunday , Kartal Mustafa Tevfik 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRegulations and taxes are considered essential drivers for climate change policies and improving ecological quality. The prior research primarily relies on regulatory or non‐economic measures to ensure ecological sustainability, while the role of market‐based or economic measures in ecological sustainability is yet to be investigated. Hence, realizing the need for policy shift, this study is an effort to determine the dynamics between environmental taxes and ecological sustainability for the period between 1995/Q1 and 2018/Q4 using data of top‐seven green economies by employing novel Quantile‐on‐Quantile (QQ) regression approach. The outcomes from the QQ approach indicate the mixed and asymmetric impact of the environmental taxes on ecological sustainability in sample countries over different quantiles. However, a higher ecological promoting impact is observed at upper‐middle quantiles in most of the sample countries. The robustness of the study's results is validated by Quantile Regression (QR) approach and the nonparametric quantile causality test. The study's outcomes provide significant suggestions to formulate policies for helping sample economies to accomplish Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 7 and 13 while ensuring ecological sustainability.
Self‐Propelled Structural Color Cylindrical Micromotors for Heavy Metal Ions Adsorption and Screening
Authors: Shang Yixuan , Cai Lijun , Liu Rui , Zhang Dagan , Zhao Yuanjin , Sun Lingyun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWater contamination resulting from heavy metal ions (HMIs) poses a severe threat to public health and the ecosystem. Attempts are tending to develop functional materials to realize efficient and intelligent adsorption of HMIs. Herein, self‐propelled structural color cylindrical micromotors (SCCMs) with reversible HMIs adsorption capacity and self‐reporting property are presented. The SCCMs are fabricated by using platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) tagged responsive hydrogel of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) and polyacrylamide (PAM) to asymmetrically replicate tubular colloidal crystal templates (TCCTs). Owing to the self‐propelled motion of the SCCMs, the enhancive ion–motor interactions bring significantly improved decontamination efficiency. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the SCCMs can realize quick and naked‐eye‐visible self‐reporting during the adsorption/desorption process based on their responsive structure color variation and superior adsorption capacity. Thus, it is anticipated that such intelligent SCCMs can significantly facilitate the evolution of sensing assays and diverse environmental fields.