bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of gut microbial composition and potential functions in captive forest and alpine musk deer
Authors: Jiang Feng , Song Pengfei , Wang Haijing , Zhang Jingjie , Liu Daoxin , Cai Zhenyuan , Gao Hongmei , Chi Xiangwen , Zhang Tongzuo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Gut microbiota forms a unique microecosystem and performs various irreplaceable metabolic functions for ruminants. The gut microbiota is important for host health and provides new insight into endangered species conservation. Forest musk deer (FMD) and alpine musk deer (AMD) are typical small ruminants, globally endangered due to excessive hunting and habitat loss. Although nearly 60 years of captive musk deer breeding has reduced the hunting pressure in the wild, fatal gastrointestinal diseases restrict the growth of captive populations. In this study, 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing revealed the differences in gut microbiota between FMD and AMD based on 166 fecal samples. The alpha diversity was higher in FMD than in AMD, probably helping FMD adapt to different and wider habitats. The ß-diversity was higher between adult FMD and AMD than juveniles and in winter than late spring. The phylum Firmicutes and the genera Christensenellaceae R7 group, Ruminococcus, Prevotellaceae UCG-004, and Monoglobus were significantly higher in abundance in FMD than in AMD. However, the phylum Bacteroidetes and genera Bacteroides, UCG-005, Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group, and Alistipes were significantly higher in AMD than FMD. The expression of metabolic functions was higher in AMD than in FMD, a beneficial pattern for AMD to maintain higher energy and substance metabolism. Captive AMD may be at higher risk of intestinal diseases than FMD, with higher relative abundances of most opportunistic pathogens and the expression of disease-related functions. These results provide valuable data for breeding healthy captive musk deer and assessing their adaptability in the wild.

Key points
• Alpha diversity of gut microbiota was higher in FMD than that in AMD
• Expression of metabolic and disease-related functions was higher in AMD than in FMD
First completely robot-assisted retroperitoneal nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff: a step-by-step technique
Authors: Sparwasser P. , Epple S. , Thomas A. , Dotzauer R. , Boehm K. , Brandt M. P. , Mager R. , Borgmann H. , Kamal M. M. , Kurosch M. , Höfner T. , Haferkamp A. , Tsaur I. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction
While various surgical techniques have been reported for open and minimally invasive treatment of upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC), the procedure of robot-assisted nephroureterectomy (NU) with bladder cuff has never been reported using only retroperitoneum without entering abdominal cavity. We developed a novel port placement and technique allowing to perform robot-assisted NU by a unique retroperitoneal approach.

Methods
Between February and June 2021 patients with history of UTUC were treated by robot-assisted NU completely restricted to retroperitoneal space using a singular trocar placement and a two-step docking without relocation of the surgical robot. Patient characteristics, perioperative outcomes and short-term follow-up were prospectively analyzed.

Results
The analysis included five patients [median age: 73 years; BMI: 27.2 kg/m2; Charlson comorbidity index 5]. All five patients had UTUC with a mean tumor size of 3.02 cm (range 0.9–6.0). UTUC was localized to distal ureter in two and to kidney in three cases. No positive surgical margins were noted for all patients with UTUC [1 low-grade and 4 high-grade]. Retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy in three patients did not reveal positive nodes. No intraoperative adverse events exceeding EAUiaiC classification ≥ 2 were observed, while median EBL was 150 ml (IQR 100–250). No patient experienced postoperative complications exceeding Clavien–Dindo classification ≥ 3a. Median hospital stay was 5.4d without any 30-d readmission.

Conclusion
We demonstrate safety and feasibility of the first entire robot-assisted retroperitoneal nephroureterectomy (RRNU) with bladder cuff. This surgical technique is easily reproducible, while surgical outcomes are similar to other established techniques.
Can magnetic resonance imaging replace conventional computerized tomography for follow-up of patients with testicular cancer? A systematic review
Authors: Busch Jonas , Schmidt Stefanie , Albers Peter , Heinzelbecker Julia , Kliesch Sabine , Lackner Julia , Pfister David , Ruf Christian , Winter Christian , Zengerling Friedemann , Beyersdorff Dirk 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Follow-up protocols for patients with testicular cancer (TC) have significantly reduced the number of cross-sectional imaging studies to reduce radiation exposure. At present, it is unclear whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could replace conventional computerized tomography (CT) imaging. The objective of this study is to summarize the scientific evidence on this topic and to review guideline recommendations with regard to the use of MRI.

Methods
A systematic literature review was performed searching Medline and Cochrane databases for prospective studies on patients with TC in the follow-up care (last search in February 2021). Additionally, guideline recommendations for TC were screened. Data extraction and quality assessment of included studies were performed and used for a descriptive presentation of results.

Results
A total of four studies including two ongoing trials were identified. Overall, the scientific evidence of prospective comparative studies is based on 102 patients. Data suggest that abdominal imaging with MRI can replace conventional CT for detection of lymph node metastasis of the retroperitoneum to spare radiation exposure and contrast media application. However, experienced radiologists are needed. Clinical guidelines are aware of the risk of diagnosis-induced secondary malignancy due to CT imaging and some have adapted their recommendations accordingly. Results of the two ongoing trials on 738 patients are expected soon to provide more reliable results on this topic.

Conclusions
There is growing evidence that abdominopelvic MRI imaging can replace CT imaging during follow-up of patients with TC in order to reduce radiation exposure and diagnosis-induced secondary malignancy.
UV-Schutz-Bündnis in Deutschland – Zweck und Ziele
Authors: Baldermann Cornelia ,   UV-Schutz-Bündnis, Berking Carola , Ulrich Claas , Breitbart Eckhard , Bunde Henriette , Volkmer Beate , Janßen Winfried , Baldermann Cornelia , Weiskopf Daniela , Grimm Frauke , Keller Birgit , Kakkassery Vinodh , von Kiedrowski Ralph , Stavermann Thomas , Schlette Sophia , Kessel Tanja-Maria , Berneburg Mark , Höger Peter , Fartasch Manigé , Strehl Claudine , Engelmayr Ernst , Mons Ute , Schadendorf Dirk , Helbig Ulrike , Heindl Ludwig M. , Laschewski Gudrun , Stockfleth Eggert , Greinert Rüdiger , Hübner Joachim , Katalinic Alexander , Mohr Peter , Pieper Birgit , Brose Martin , Panter Wolfgang , Schlager Helmut , Schäfermeyer Dirk 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungTrotz der ernsten gesundheitlichen Gefahren von UV-Strahlung ist bis heute der Schutz vor UV-Strahlung keine Selbstverständlichkeit. Die Einschätzung der Gesundheitsrisiken durch UV-Strahlung in der Bevölkerung ist zwar weitestgehend realistisch, scheint aber nicht zu einer veränderten Einschätzung des persönlichen Risikos und zu einem adäquaten UV-Schutz-Verhalten zu führen. Hierzu tragen nicht zuletzt die teils widersprüchlichen Aussagen und Empfehlungen bezüglich der positiven und negativen Gesundheitsfolgen – auch aus Wissenschaftskreisen – bei. Eine Harmonisierung sowie eine Bündelung der Aussagen und Aktivitäten einzelner Akteure im UV-Schutz zur Prävention UV-bedingter Erkrankungen verleiht den Schlüsselbotschaften das notwendige Gewicht, um UV-Schutz zu einer Selbstverständlichkeit in der Gesellschaft werden zu lassen. Zu diesem Zweck wurde das UV-Schutz-Bündnis vom Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz (BfS) initiiert. In diesem Beitrag wird über das UV-Schutz-Bündnis berichtet, es werden die Partner im Bündnis, die Ziele des UV-Schutz-Bündnisses, bisherige Arbeitsergebnisse des Bündnisses sowie Aktionen und Interventionen der Bündnispartner vorgestellt. Die Wirkung des UV-Schutz-Bündnisses nach außen wird beschrieben und ein Ausblick auf die weiteren Aufgaben gegeben, denen sich das Bündnis gegenübergestellt sieht.
Model Selection Strategies for Determining the Optimal Number of Overlapping Clusters in Additive Overlapping Partitional Clustering
Authors: Rossbroich Julian , Durieux Jeffrey , Wilderjans Tom F. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn various scientific fields, researchers make use of partitioning methods (e.g.,K-means) to disclose the structural mechanisms underlying object by variable data. In some instances, however, a grouping of objects into clusters that are allowed to overlap (i.e., assigning objects to multiple clusters) might lead to a better representation of the underlying clustering structure. To obtain an overlapping object clustering from object by variable data, Mirkin’s ADditive PROfile CLUStering (ADPROCLUS) model may be used. A major challenge when performing ADPROCLUS is to determine the optimal number of overlapping clusters underlying the data, which pertains to a model selection problem. Up to now, however, this problem has not been systematically investigated and almost no guidelines can be found in the literature regarding appropriate model selection strategies for ADPROCLUS. Therefore, in this paper, several existing model selection strategies forK-means (a.o., CHull, the Caliński-Harabasz, Krzanowski-Lai, Average Silhouette Width and Dunn Index and information-theoretic measures like AIC and BIC) and two cross-validation based strategies are tailored towards an ADPROCLUS context and are compared to each other in an extensive simulation study. The results demonstrate that CHull outperforms all other model selection strategies and this especially when the negative log-likelihood, which is associated with a minimal stochastic extension of ADPROCLUS, is used as (mis)fit measure. The analysis of a post hoc AIC-based model selection strategy revealed that better performance may be obtained when a different—more appropriate—definition of model complexity for ADPROCLUS is used.
The impact of atmospheric Rossby waves and cyclones on the Arctic sea ice variability
Authors: Hofsteenge Marte G. , Graversen Rune G. , Rydsaa Johanne H. , Rey Zoé 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe Arctic sea-ice extent has strongly declined over recent decades. A large inter-annual variability is superimposed on this negative trend. Previous studies have emphasised a significant warming effect associated with latent energy transport into the Arctic region, in particular due to an enhanced greenhouse effect associated with the convergence of the humidity transport over the Arctic. The atmospheric energy transport into the Arctic is mostly accomplished by waves such as Rossby waves and cyclones. Here we present a systematic study of the effect on Arctic sea ice of these atmospheric wave types. Through a regression analysis we investigate the coupling between transport anomalies of both latent and dry-static energy and sea-ice anomalies. From the state-of-the-art ERA5 reanalysis product the latent and dry-static transport over the Arctic boundary (70$$^{\circ }$$

∘

N) is calculated. The transport is then split into transport by planetary and synoptic-scale waves using a Fourier decomposition. The results show that latent energy transport as compared to that of dry-static shows a much stronger potential to decrease sea ice concentration. However, taking into account that the variability of dry-static transport is of an order of magnitude larger than latent, the actual impact on the sea ice appears similar for the two components. In addition, the energy transport by planetary waves causes a strong decline of the sea ice concentration whereas the transport by synoptic-scale waves shows only little effect on the sea ice. The study emphasises the importance of the large-scale waves on the sea ice variability.
Less soft tissue release in total knee arthroplasty for anteromedial compared to posteromedial knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Matziolis Georg , Jacob Benjamin , Eijer Henk , von Eisenhart-Rothe Rüdiger , Jacob Nadja 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn total knee arthroplasty (TKA), the aim of achieving a mechanically straight leg axis as well as symmetrical and equally wide gaps has become established as the gold standard in terms of surgical technique. In contrast to TKA unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is performed in anteromedial osteoarthritis (AMOA) and does not normally require releases. This raises the hypothesis whether the type of osteoarthritis (AMOA vs. posteromedial osteoarthritis (PMOA)) determines the requirement for soft tissue releases in TKA.In this retrospective study, 114 patients with medial osteoarthritis of the knee who had been treated with a navigated total knee replacement were consecutively included. On the basis of the preoperative lateral radiographs, the patients were divided into two groups: AMOA and PMOA. The incidence and the extent of releases performed were recorded using the navigation records.Patient-specific data (gender, age) did not differ between the groups (NS). Knees with AMOA presented an overall varus alignment of 5.3 ± 3.5°, knees with PMOA 8.0 ± 4.0° (p < 0.001). 30 cases (44%) had to be released in the AMOA group, compared with 33 cases (72%) in the PMOA group (p = 0.004). In the case of medial release, the extension gap increased 3.3 ± 2.4 mm in the AMOA compared to 5.3 ± 3.7 mm in the PMOA group (p = 0.006). The medial flexion gap was released 2.2 ± 2.6 mm in the AMOA and 2.9 ± 3.0 mm in the PMOA group (p = 0.008).To achieve a neutral mechanical alignment, a release has to be performed due to asymmetry of the extension gap more often if PMOA is present than in AMOA. Surgeons should be prepared to perform more frequent and extensive medial releases in PMOA. Higher constrained implants should be available in case of unintended over release in PMOA.
Impact of lymphadenectomy on short- and long-term complications in patients with endometrial cancer
Authors: Proppe Louisa , Alkatout Ibrahim , Koch Ricarda , Baum Sascha , Kotanidis Christos , Rody Achim , Hanker Lars C. , Gitas Georgios 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Early endometrial cancer is primarily treated surgically via hysterectomy, adenectomy and, depending on tumor stage and subtype, lymphadenectomy. Systematic lymph node dissection is known to cause surgical complications. The aim of the present study was to investigate morbidity and mortality rates associated with lymphadenectomy in patients with endometrial cancer who underwent surgery in a routine clinical setting.

Methods
We collected data from 232 patients who were operated for endometrial carcinoma between 2006 and 2018 at the University of Lubeck, Germany. Surgical complications were viewed in relation to surgical risk factors. Additionally, a questionnaire concerning long-term lymphatic complications and survival was completed. Survival was compared between patients who underwent lymphadenectomy (group I) and those who did not (group II).

Results
Patients in group I needed revision surgery significantly more often due to postoperative complications (such as lymphoceles) compared to those in group II (p = 0.01). The results indicate more serious complications in patients who underwent a systematic lymphadenectomy and in those with lymph node metastases. 15% of patients who underwent a systematic lymphadenectomy had lymph node metastases. Recurrences occurred in 12.5% of cases and were significantly more frequent in patients who had undergone a lymphadenectomy, even if the lymph nodes were negative (p = 0.02). A comparison of survival data during the follow-up period revealed no significant difference. The study highlighted the need for a better preoperative risk stratification and the avoidance of lymphadenectomy for surgical staging alone.
Postoperatives Schmerzerleben nach proximaler Femurfraktur bei Demenz
Authors: Wagner Jens Felix , Cuhls Henning , Mücke Martin , Conrad Rupert , Radbruch Lukas , Rolke Roman 
Published: January 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die vorliegende Studie verfolgte das Ziel, das postoperative Schmerzerleben bei kognitivem Defizit unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der sensorischen oder affektiven Schmerzqualität zu erfassen.

Methodik
19 Patienten mit normaler Kognition bis hin zu kognitiven Auffälligkeiten im Screening-Fragebogen DemTect wurden bezüglich ihres postoperativen Schmerzerlebens nach proximaler Femurfraktur untersucht. Als Untersuchungsinstrumente kamen die numerische Ratingskala (NRS), der Kognitionsfragebogen DemTect, der Schmerzempfindungsfragebogen (SES) sowie eine quantitative sensorische Testung (QST) zum Einsatz.

Ergebnisse
Das Alter der Patienten lag im Mittel ± SD bei 83,8 ± 10,0 Jahren. Von 19 Patienten lagen bei 6 (31,6 %) normale kognitive Fähigkeiten vor, bei 4 Patienten (21,1 %) ergaben sich Hinweise auf leichte kognitive Einschränkungen, bei 9 Patienten (47,4 %) ergab sich der Verdacht auf Vorliegen einer Demenz. Die mittlere postoperative Schmerzintensität (NRS) betrug 4,0 (1,6). Die berichteten Schmerzintensitäten unterschieden sich bei vergleichbarer analgetischer Therapie nicht zwischen den drei Patientengruppen mit unterschiedlicher kognitiver Beeinträchtigung und den ersten drei postoperativen Behandlungstagen. Es zeigten sich zwischen den Gruppen keine statistisch signifikanten Unterschiede für die sensorischen oder affektiven Summenscores der Schmerzempfindungsskala.
Die QST-Parameter Tiefenschmerz (PPT), oberflächlicher mechanischer Schmerz nach Nadelreiz (MPT) sowie die oberflächliche Sensibilität für leichte Berührungsreize (MDT) zeigten eine signifikant gesteigerte Empfindlichkeit der operierten Seite. Für das Vibrationsempfinden (VDT) konnten keine Unterschiede zwischen operierter und gesunder Extremität nachgewiesen werden.

Diskussion
Das postoperative Schmerzerleben unterscheidet sich nicht zwischen Patienten mit normaler und deutlich eingeschränkter Kognition. Die quantitative sensorische Testung zeigte mechanische Hyperalgesien im operierten Areal. Die Studie weist auf die Wichtigkeit einer adäquaten postoperativen Schmerzversorgung auch bei Betroffenen mit Demenz hin.
Short-term prediction of wind power based on BiLSTM–CNN–WGAN-GP
Authors: Huang Ling , Li Linxia , Wei Xiaoyuan , Zhang Dongsheng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA short-term wind power prediction model based on BiLSTM–CNN–WGAN-GP (LCWGAN-GP) is proposed in this paper, aiming at the problems of instability and low prediction accuracy of short-term wind power prediction. Firstly, the original wind energy data are decomposed into subsequences of natural mode functions with different frequencies by using the variational mode decomposition (VMD) algorithm. The VMD algorithm relies on a decision support system for the decomposition of the data into natural mode functions. Once the decomposition is performed, the nonlinear and dynamic behavior are extracted from each natural mode function. Next, the BiLSTM network is chosen as the generation model of the generative adversarial network (WGAN-GP) to obtain the data distribution characteristics of wind power’s output. The convolutional neural network (CNN) is chosen as the discrimination model, and the semi-supervised regression layer is utilized to design the discrimination model to predict wind power. The minimum–maximum game is formed by the BiLSTM and CNN network models to improve the quality of sample generation and further improve the prediction accuracy. Finally, the actual data of a wind farm in Jiuquan City, Gansu Province, China is taken as an example to prove that the proposed method has superior performance compared with other prediction algorithms.
Quantification and possible causes of declining groundwater resources in the Euro-Mediterranean region from 2003 to 2020
Authors: Xanke Julian , Liesch Tanja 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGroundwater resources in Euro-Mediterranean countries provide a large part of the population’s water supply and are affected to varying degrees by anthropogenic use and climatic impacts. In many places, significant groundwater-level declines have already been observed, indicating an imbalance between natural groundwater recharge and groundwater abstraction. The extent of changes in groundwater storage (GWS) in the period 2003–2020 is quantified for the Euro-Mediterranean region using the latest data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE/GRACE-FO) satellite mission and recently reanalyzed ERA5-Land climate data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. The results are set in relation to the prevailing climate, the regional hydrogeological setting, and annual groundwater recharge and abstractions on country level. Analysis of the mean annual trends over the study period shows significant decreases in GWS in many countries of Europe, Northern Africa and the entire Arabian Peninsula. Overall, there are significantly negative trends in about 70% of the study region. The mean of the trends across the Euro-Mediterranean region is –2.1 mm/year. The strongest negative trends in GWS per country are observed in Iraq and Syria (–8.8 and –6.0 mm/year, respectively), but also countries in central and eastern Europe are affected by depleting aquifers. The results are a clear indicator of the already medium-term groundwater stress in the Euro-Mediterranean region, which is expected to increase in the future, and demonstrate the need for adapted strategies for sustainable groundwater management on a transregional scale in the context of climate change and population growth.
Plant viruses and viroids in Japan
Authors: Fuji Shin-ichi , Mochizuki Tomofumi , Okuda Mitsuru , Tsuda Shinya , Kagiwada Satoshi , Sekine Ken-Taro , Ugaki Masashi , Natsuaki Keiko T. , Isogai Masamichi , Maoka Tetsuo , Takeshita Minoru , Yoshikawa Nobuyuki , Mise Kazuyuki , Sasaya Takahide , Kondo Hideki , Kubota Kenji , Yamaji Yasuyuki , Iwanami Toru , Ohshima Kazusato , Kobayashi Kappei , Hataya Tatsuji , Sano Teruo , Suzuki Nobuhiro 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAn increasing number of plant viruses and viroids have been reported from all over the world due largely to metavirogenomics approaches with technological innovation. Herein, the official changes of virus taxonomy, including the establishment of megataxonomy and amendments of the codes of virus classification and nomenclature, recently made by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses were summarized. The continued efforts of the plant virology community of Japan to index all plant viruses and viroids occurring in Japan, which represent 407 viruses, including 303 virus species and 104 unclassified viruses, and 25 viroids, including 20 species and 5 unclassified viroids, as of October 2021, were also introduced. These viruses and viroids are collectively classified into 81 genera within 26 families of 3 kingdoms (Shotokuvirae, Orthornavirae, Pararnavirae) across 2 realms (Monodnaviria and Riboviria). This review also overviewed how Japan’s plant virus/viroid studies have contributed to advance virus/viroid taxonomy.