bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A test of spatial coincidence between CHIME FRBs and IceCube TeV energy neutrinos
Authors: Desai Shantanu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We search for a spatial association between the Canadian Hydrogen Mapping Intensity Experiment (CHIME) FRBs and IceCube neutrinos detected in the TeV energy range, by counting the total number of neutrino-FRB pairs with angular separations of <3 degrees, as well as within the observed neutrino error circle. This number constitutes the total signal events, which is then compared to the total background, corresponding to the null hypothesis of no spatial association. The background was obtained from the total neutrino-FRB matches in off-source angular windows with the same solid angle as the signal window. We do not find any statistically significant excess compared to the background. Therefore, we conclude that there is no evidence for an angular correlation between the IceCube neutrinos in the TeV energy range and CHIME FRBs. For each of these searches, we report 90% Bayesian credible interval upper limits on the observed FRB-induced neutrinos.
Multi-aperture optical flow estimation for artificial compound eye using non-subsampled contourlet transform and guided filter
Authors: Zhao Xin , Wang Chenguang , Liu Wancheng , Zhao Donghua , Cao Huiliang , Tang Jun , Shen Chong , Liu Jun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A multi-scale optical flow estimation for the image captured by artificial compound eye (ACE) is investigated in this article. The optical flow estimation of ACE must be adapted by designing algorithms according to its unique multi-aperture characteristics. A more general filter for the regularization term, rather than a single iterative solution in the traditional variational model, is devised using the non-subsampled contourlet transform to enforce band decomposition and estimate the optical flow field. To circumvent the spillover and error of the single-aperture fringe flow field, a flow gradient weight is introduced to suppress it and enhance motion details. Furthermore, low-pass subbands adopt the Bayes threshold with the advantage of efficiently eliminating outliers. More high-pass subbands adopt guided filter with the benefit of separating important details from outliers. The prominent feature of the proposed method is that the accuracy of optical flow estimation is improved effectively by eliminating outliers. Finally, experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the examined optical flow estimation.
Phase-field modeling of nanostructural evolution in physical vapor deposited phase-separating ternary alloy films
Authors: Raghavan Rahul , Wu Peichen , Ankit Kumar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Self-assembly by spinodal decomposition is known to be a viable route for synthesizing nanoscaled interfaces in a variety of materials, including metamaterials. In order to tune the response of these specialized materials to external stimuli, knowledge of processing-nanostructure correlations is required. Such an understanding is more challenging to obtain purely by experimental means due to complexity of multicomponent atomic diffusion mechanisms that govern the nanostructural self-assembly. In this work, we introduce a phase-field modeling approach which is capable of simulating the nanostructural evolution in ternary alloy films that are typically synthesized using physical vapor deposition. Based on an extensive parametric study, we analyze the role of the deposition rate and alloy composition on the nanostructural self-assembly in ternary alloy films. The simulated nanostructures are categorized on the basis of nanostructured morphology and mapped over a compositional space to correlate the processing conditions with the film nanostructures. The morphology maps reveal that while deposition rate governs the nanostructural evolution at around equi-molar compositions, the impact of composition on nanostructuring is more pronounced when the atomic ratios of alloying elements are skewed.
Analytic approach to the formation of a three-dimensional black string from a dust cloud
Authors: Eom Hwajin , Kim Wontae 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In three-dimensional low-energy string theory,
we study the formation of a black string from a dust cloud.
We analytically obtain two distinct classes of exact solutions with arbitrary functions
responsible for mass distributions of
the dust cloud. The first and second kinds of solutions may describe collapsing dusts but
the first kind is only for inhomogeneous dust distribution while the second kind has a homogeneous limit.
The finite collapse time and the Israel junction conditions tell us that
the first kind solution describes
a desired collapsing phenomenon, whereas
the scale factor in the inner spacetime for the second kind
turns out to be trivial.
In the first kind solution, specific collapsing models can be realized by choosing an
appropriate inhomogeneous
dust distribution consistent with the Israel junction conditions.
Consequently, the inhomogeneous dust cloud eventually collapses to the
black string although the homogeneous dust cloud
does not guarantee the formation of the black string in our setting.
The space-like curvature singularities occur at the finite collapse time and
they can be cloaked by the horizon of the black string.
Convection in future winter storms over Northern Europe
Authors: Berthou Ségolène , J Roberts Malcolm , Vannière Benoît , Ban Nikolina , Belušić Danijel , Caillaud Cécile , Crocker Thomas , de Vries Hylke , Dobler Andreas , Harris Dan , J Kendon Elizabeth , Landgren Oskar , Manning Colin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Precipitation within extratropical cyclones is very likely to increase towards the end of the century in a business-as-usual scenario. We investigate hourly precipitation changes in end-of-century winter storms with the first km-scale model ensemble covering northwest Europe and the Baltic region. This is an ensemble that explicitly represents convection (convection permitting models (CPMs)). Models agree that future winter storms will bring 10%–50% more precipitation, with the same level of light precipitation but more moderate and heavy precipitation, together with less frequent frozen precipitation. The warm sector precipitation rates will get closer (up to similar) to those in present-day autumn storms, along with higher convective available potential energy and convective inhibition, suggesting more convection embedded in storms. To the first order, mean hourly precipitation changes in winter storms are driven by temperature increase (with little relative humidity changes) and storm dynamical intensity (more uncertain), both captured by regional climate models (RCMs). The CPMs agree with this, and in addition, most CPMs show more increase in intense precipitation in the warm sector of storms compared to their parent RCM.
Sorption studies of Pb(II) onto montmorillonite clay
Authors: Chuang Yuting , Chen Jiajun , Lu Jianzun , Su Lingcheng , Jiang Sabrina Yanan , Zhao Yijia , Lee Chiu Hong , Wu Zhihui , Ruan Huada Daniel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this research, the lead (Pb(II)) removal rate of montmorillonite (Mt) was studied in aqueous solution. The adsorption conditions (contact time, pH, and temperature) were adjusted to study the effect of those factors on the removal rate of Pb(II) adsorption by Mt. The results indicated that the effect of temperature on the Pb(II) removal rate of Mt was not significant. The Pb(II) removal rate was found to be pH-dependent, improving with increasing pH in the range of 3 to 7. The equilibrium time of adsorption was attained after around 1 hour. The adsorption kinetics were analyzed by fitting to three models (pseudo-first-order (PFO) kinetic model, pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetic model and intraparticle diffusion model. In comparison, R2 value (0.9952) of PSO kinetic model is better than PFO (0.9718), supposing that the adsorption process of Pb(II) onto Mt was chemisorption. The intraparticle diffusion model fitting showed that the Pb(II) adsorption process by Mt was controlled by three steps. Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson and Sips isotherm models were used to describe the adsorption mechanism of Pb(II) adsorbed onto Mt. The experiment results showed the adsorption isotherms are a perfect fit to the Sips model, indicating both homogeneous monolayer adsorption and heterogeneous multilayer adsorption were occurred in the Pb(II) adsorption process by Mt, and the adsorption was mainly controlled by heterogeneous multilayer adsorption.
Electrochemical determination of formamide for EVA splicing mats using activated CPE
Authors: Zhong Wenhan , Lin Lei , Yin Zhiyuan , Li Yan , Du Xiubing , Yang Yi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Electrochemical properties of formamide were investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) on an activated carbon paste electrode (CPE). A distinct oxidation peak was at 0.51 V in light of the electrochemical behaviour of formamide-KCl. This indicates an improved current response towards the electrooxidation of formamide due to the high charge-transfer ability of carbon paste. The LSV presented a linear dependence on the concentration of formamide-KCl in the range of 5–110 μM whose limit of detection was 0.16 μM. In addition, this dependable method can be explicitly designed to fit with formamide detection in EVA splicing mats.
Apoptosis of NG108-15 cells induced by fluorine combined with aluminum exposure and the effect of curcumin intervention
Authors: Yang Xuemei , Wang Xingang , Zhang Dandan , Zhang Yue , Tao Dan , Xie Chun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The mechanism by which the combination of fluorine and aluminum (FA) cause learning and memory impairment is still unclear. Curcumin is a yellow polyphenol extracted from the rhizome of the plant curcuma longa linn, which has anti-apoptotic and antioxidant functions; studies have shown that the PKC-NMDAR pathway plays an important role in the process of cell apoptosis. Based on the above, we designed an in vitro study on the role of curcumin in cell apoptosis caused by coexistence of FA. In this study, the cell viability of NG108-15 cell was detected by CCK-8; cell apoptosis was detected by AO/EB dual fluorescence staining kit; mRNA expressions of PKC and NMDAR were evaluated by qRT-PCR and protein expressions of caspase3, Bax, Bcl-2, PKC and NMDAR were evaluated by WB. Our results showed that curcumin alleviated FA-induced apoptosis of NG108-15 cells, possibly by inhibiting the increase of caspase3 protein and Bax protein, and the decrease of Bcl-2 protein, thereby upregulating the expression of PKC and NMDAR to exert neuroprotective effect.
Effects of organic matter on the distribution pattern of bacterial community in Zaohe River
Authors: Wang Zhihan , Wang Yuanjie , Han Ke , Liu Yuan , Zuo Mingbo , Li Guangwen , Zhang Hao , Zhao Youyi , Tai Xisheng , Gao Tianpeng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study revealed the bacterial community structure and the effects of carbon and nitrogen on the distribution pattern of bacterial community in the sediments of the Chang’an section of the Zao River in Xi’an. And we expect to provide a theoretical basis for the biological monitoring and bioremediation of the Zao River by this study. Therefore, based on 16SrRNA high-throughput sequencing technology, we analyzed the characteristics of carbon, nitrogen and bacterial community structure in Chang’an section of Zaohe River. The results showed that in the Chang’an section of Zaohe River Basin, Proteus and firmicum were tolerant bacteria, and the dominant bacteria were Proteus (24%∼45%). At the gate level, the difference of bacterial community composition was significantly correlated with pH, TN, NO2
− and TOC.
Nitrogen and phosphorus load estimation of inflow rivers to Yuqiao Reservoir based on GWLF model
Authors: Li Zeli , Gao Kai , Gu Xiaochao , Mei Pengyu , Zhang Zhen , Wang Yuqiu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Watershed model technology was an important tool for non-point source pollution prevention and control. In order to figure out the total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) load of inflow rivers to Yuqiao Reservoir in 2021, GWLF model was used to simulate the hydrologic process in its sub-basin. Firstly, the hydrological parameters of the model were determined by the measured meteorological and hydrological data. Secondly, the hydrological parameters were extended to the whole basin, and the three main river inflows to Yuqiao Reservoir were simulated in 2021. Lastly, the nutrient loads were estimated by multiplying the simulated inflow as mentioned above by the observed TN and TP concentration data at the same site. The results showed that the TN and TP load of inflow rivers was 7 106.9 t and 80.0 t, respectively, of which the flood period from July to August contributed 55.3% and 69.3%, respectively. GWLF model was effective in simulating hydrological processes in the study area. The Nash efficiency coefficients of the calibration and the validation period were 0.89 and 0.91, respectively. GWLF model was suitable for hydrological simulation and estimation of non-point source pollution load in small and medium-sized basins.
On the Legal Mechanism of Nuclear Safety in China under the Background of Environmental Protection
Authors: Liu Jiu , Shen Le 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Peaceful use of nuclear energy is of great significance for ensuring energy security, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and achieving sustainable development environmental-friendly. Nuclear safety is the premise and foundation for the development of civil nuclear power industry. As a country with the largest scale of nuclear power plants under construction, preventing accidents properly is the best way to ensure nuclear safety. However, under the background of environmental protection nowadays, China has only officially implemented two laws related to nuclear safety - the Law on Prevention and Control of Radioactive Pollution and Nuclear Safety Law. It cannot fully meet the needs of nuclear safety supervision in China.
Methods: To highlight the problems in the current legal system pertaining to nuclear safety, a legislation study is used to analyze the current content of related legislation and regulations. Comparative methodology is also adopted in this paper to analyze the legislative and administrative experience of other countries with or without nuclear power industry and summarize the problems in the current legal system in China.
Result: Currently, the development of nuclear safety law system reflects the historical process of the development and application of nuclear technology in China. China’s nuclear safety-related legislation closely fits the strategy of China’s nuclear technology development and application under the background of environmental protection. Even though, there are still deficiencies about China’s nuclear safety legal system now, for example: the atomic energy law is still absent in China, so pertaining measures must be taken to develop and improve the nuclear safety legal system in China as for not only promoting the development of nuclear industry but also avoiding radioactive pollution incidents and protecting environment. Moreover, there is a conflict between the concept of “nuclear safety” in the Nuclear Safety Law and its content.
An investigation of past and present stormwater management practices within the City of Johannesburg
Authors: Qumba B. , Nkhonjera G.K. , Alowo R. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The City of Johannesburg (CoJ) has implemented a new stormwater design manual which aims at treating stormwater as a resource and to render urban spaces usable for urban environment through design networks that convey stormwater safely to the environment. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), SWATCup, and Rational Method, were used to investigate and assess the past (1886 to 1900) and present (1990 to 2016) stormwater management practices within the City of Johannesburg. The current stormwater management infrastructures were investigated as green and grey, with a focus on the benefits of green infrastructure. The study showed a lower simulated quantity of runoff in the pre-development era and higher simulated quantity of runoff in the post-development era, with varying land use land cover percentages. The post-development time shows that 35% of land use land cover is used for settlements and 65% is for open fields and other uses. However, in the pre-development time, only 10% of this land was used for urban settlement while 90% was dedicated to farmland. Pre-development condition also showed an annual precipitation of 757 mm of which 28% ended up as surface runoff while 45% was lost due to evaporation and transpiration. On the other hand, the post-development time showed 772 mm of annual precipitation with 29% of this precipitation resulting in surface runoff and 50% lost due to evaporation and transpiration. This study also confirms that indeed the LULC changes over the years have affected the quantity of runoff in CoJ. This paper is essential in assisting CoJ in determining the practicality of utilising the new stormwater design manual.
Towards mesoscale ensemble prediction for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area
Authors: Hon Kai-kwong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) is amongst the most economically vibrant regions in China. Situated along the southern coast of China, the GBA region is susceptible to a variety of synoptic and mesoscale weather systems originating from the mid-latitudes or the tropical oceans, which are capable of bringing significant impact to the livelihood and economic activities of this densely populated area. This paper presents a first study on the development of mesoscale ensemble prediction capabilities aimed at providing probabilistic forecast support of high-impact weather over the GBA.
Investigating the correlation of nitrates and phosphates to the effective removal of Fats, Oils, and Grease in Two Mangaung Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants
Authors: Sello Mpho Gladness , Oke Saheed A 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study is about the effectiveness of wastewater treatment technologies in two treatment plants at Mangaung Municipality in South Africa. The removal of FOG, nitrogen and phosphorus is an important component of wastewater treatment. Therefore, the study aims at investigating the effectiveness of the two treatment technologies (biological trickling filter and activated sludge) in the wastewater treatment plants studied. Grab samples of the influent and effluent of the North East Wastewater Treatment Plant (NEWTP) and the Bloemspruit Wastewater Treatment Plant (BWTP) were collected per week over a period of five months. The laboratory analysis of FOG followed the description of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 1664B. Hexane extraction and gravimetry-PBM method was used in the analysis. Nitrates were analysed using a SOP Chem 005 Spectroquant Nitrate test while phosphates were analysed using a Spectroquant Prove spectrophotometer in the laboratory. The results showed that the trickling filter from BWTP removed FOG by 61.36% while the activated sludge from NEWTP removed FOG by 52.81% which showed that the both of the two treatment technologies work the same and are ineffective in the removal of FOG. However, the nitrates and phosphates present in the effluent were found to be within the effluent discharge standards.
Kalman filtering for SAR satellite yaw steering
Authors: Chen Tao , Li Yu , Fang Zheng , Qiu Qiming , Yin Xiaochen , Yang Ting , Zhang Hengyang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The algorithm based on Kalman filtering was proposed to calculate yaw steering angles of spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) systems. We establish the process equation and the observation equation by proper design. Performance analysis and computer simulations demonstrate that Kalman filtering may take advantages in both numerical precision and computational efficiency. It therefore can be applied to SAR satellites in a wide range of microwave bands (C, X, Ku) along noncircular orbits. In addition, an efficient algorithm based on simple interpolation may be employed in practice. Since the Kalman filter is linear in nature, the fast computation makes possible the implementation of accurate onboard processing.
3D model construction and accuracy analysis based on UAV tilt photogrammetry
Authors: Chen Xuanyu , Pan Shaowei , Chen Guanyu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
UAV equipped with tilt photogrammetry platform can obtain multiple angles images and establish 3D model of tilt photogrammetry, which has unique advantages in 3D intelligent construction. The purpose of this paper is to take the playground and library of the Department of Informatics of Wuhan University as the research area, obtain regional UAV images, and evaluate the residual in the spatial direction of the model by using the measured control points and model points collected in the field, so as to evaluate and analyze the accuracy of the 3D model. By analyzing the data, the root mean square error and maximum error of plane coordinates are 0.31 cm and 0.34 cm respectively, the root mean square error and maximum error of elevation are 0.07 cm and 0.11 cm respectively, and the field measured control point coordinates. Through the accuracy evaluation and analysis of the constructed three-dimensional model, it is concluded that the maximum error in X direction is 1.26 cm, the maximum error in Y direction is 1.39 cm, and the maximum error in Z direction is 1.60 cm. The results show that the accuracy of the three-dimensional model in the study area reaches centimeter-level and meets the requirements of relevant production specifications. It can provide reliable data support for construction and urban planning industries.
Global spatial distribution of vegetation and 20-years dynamic changes
Authors: Huo Sihui , Sun Qing , Shuai Yanmin , Shao Congying , Huang Jiapeng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Global spatial distribution of vegetation is determined jointly by climate, monsoon, ocean current and human activities. In recent decades, surface vegetation changes caused by global warming, extreme climate events and intensified human activities need a further understood. In this paper, we adopted available MODIS land cover dataset (MCD12Q1) to investigate the spatial distribution feature of global vegetation sand dynamics during the past 20 years. Results show that: (1) the spatial distribution pattern of global vegetation formed by the long-term ecosystem evolution exhibits stable with less variation in both latitude and vertical dimensions. Generally, the percent of forest, shrubland, grass and cropland respectively are 15.27%, 9.39%, 39.46% and 8.91% of surface covers, with a distinct land cover transition trend from rainforest at equator region to moss and lichen at the north and south pole. (2) In the past 20 years, the global forest land decreased by 3.0×105 km2, with an average annual decrease of 1.255%, open shrubs experienced slight fluctuations in 2001-2017 and increased sharply by 1.6×105 km2 in 2017-2018. And the grassland, croplands and cropland/natural vegetation mosaics had different degrees of growth rate, with an average annual dynamic increase of 0.021%, 0.019% and 0.502%, respectively. (3) There are about 4.2×106 km2 of forest changed into grassland in West Siberia and the Amazon, and 2.5×106 km2 of grassland into shrubs, as well as 1.9×106 km2 of grassland vegetation into farmland, and 9.4×104 km2 of forest into shrubs.