bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonreciprocal directional dichroism at telecom wavelengths
Authors: Park K. , Yokosuk M. O. , Goryca M. , Yang J. J. , Crooker S. A. , Cheong S. -W. , Haule K. , Vanderbilt D. , Kim H. -S. , Musfeldt J. L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMagnetoelectrics with ultra-low symmetry and spin-orbit coupling are well known to display a number of remarkable properties including nonreciprocal directional dichroism. As a polar and chiral magnet, Ni3TeO6 is predicted to host this effect in three fundamentally different configurations, although only two have been experimentally verified. Inspired by the opportunity to unravel the structure-property relations of such a unique light-matter interaction, we combined magneto-optical spectroscopy and first-principles calculations to reveal nonreciprocity in the toroidal geometry and compared our findings with the chiral configurations. We find that formation of Ni toroidal moments is responsible for the largest effects near 1.1 eV—a tendency that is captured by our microscopic model and computational implementation. At the same time, we demonstrate deterministic control of nonreciprocal directional dichroism in Ni3TeO6 across the entire telecom wavelength range. This discovery will accelerate the development of photonics applications that take advantage of unusual symmetry characteristics.
Inspection of thermal jump conditions on nanofluids with nanoparticles and multiple slip effects
Authors: Raza Shah Naqvi Syed Muhammad , Farooq Umar , Waqas Hassan , Muhammad Taseer , Alshehri Ahmad 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe significance of slip boundary conditions with thermal radiation implications on a steady flow of nano suspension over a rotating disk with a constant magnetic field is discussed in this research investigation. Here Iron oxide $$\left( {Fe_{3} O_{4} } \right)$$

F

e
3

O
4

, Zirconium dioxide $$\left( {ZrO_{2} } \right)$$

Z
r

O
2

, and Titanium $$\left( {Ti} \right)$$

Ti

are recruited as nanoparticles and water $$\left( {H_{2} O} \right)$$

H
2

O

as a host fluid. The appropriate similarities transformations are used to transfer main PDEs into a system of nonlinear ODEs. The set of ODEs is then solved via shooting approach (bvp4c solver) a built-in function in MATLAB. The depictical outcomes of the physical flow parameters like thermal radiation and velocity slip parameters are revealed and clarified with the assist of figures. The slip parameter significantly reduces the velocity profiles, according to this investigation. The pressure is declined for the higher estimates of the magnetic parameter. The thermal profile was uplifted for the rising values of the thermal radiation parameter. Meteorology, meteorological, atmospheric research, biochemical engineering, power engineering, transportation production, solar energy transformations, sensing micro fabrication, tumblers in polymer manufacturing, and other fields will benefit from this suggested model. The suggested study has been developed in response to these kinds of practical consequences. This work is unique in that it investigates the consequences of a magnetic field, slip boundary conditions, and thermal radiation on nanoparticles flow across a disk. The recent study is innovative, and it could be used by other researchers to learn more about the heat exchange behavior and reliability of working fluids.
Housing environment and mental health of Europeans during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-country comparison
Authors: Keller Amélie , Groot Jonathan , Matta Joane , Bu Feifei , El Aarbaoui Tarik , Melchior Maria , Fancourt Daisy , Zins Marie , Goldberg Marcel , Nybo Andersen Anne-Marie , Rod Naja H. , Strandberg-Larsen Katrine , Varga Tibor V. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMany studies have investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health. Throughout the pandemic, time spent at home increased to a great extent due to restrictive measures. Here we set out to investigate the relationship between housing conditions and the mental health of populations across European countries. We analyzed survey data collected during spring 2020 from 69,136 individuals from four cohorts from Denmark, France, and the UK. The investigated housing conditions included household density, composition, and crowding, access to outdoor facilities, dwelling type, and urbanicity. The outcomes were loneliness, anxiety, and life satisfaction. Logistic regression models were used, and results were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. In the meta-analysis, living alone was associated with higher levels of loneliness (OR = 3.08, 95% CI 1.87–5.07), and lower life satisfaction (OR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.05–0.55), compared to living with others. Not having access to an outdoor space and household crowding were suggestively associated with worse outcomes. Living in crowded households, living alone, or lacking access to outdoor facilities may be particularly important in contributing to poor mental health during a lockdown. Addressing the observed fundamental issues related to housing conditions within society will likely have positive effects in reducing social inequalities, as well as improving preparedness for future pandemics.
Vocal Expression of Affective States in Spontaneous Laughter reveals the Bright and the Dark Side of Laughter
Authors: Szameitat Diana P. , Szameitat André J. , Wildgruber Dirk 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIt has been shown that the acoustical signal of posed laughter can convey affective information to the listener. However, because posed and spontaneous laughter differ in a number of significant aspects, it is unclear whether affective communication generalises to spontaneous laughter. To answer this question, we created a stimulus set of 381 spontaneous laughter audio recordings, produced by 51 different speakers, resembling different types of laughter. In Experiment 1, 159 participants were presented with these audio recordings without any further information about the situational context of the speakers and asked to classify the laughter sounds. Results showed that joyful, tickling, and schadenfreude laughter could be classified significantly above chance level. In Experiment 2, 209 participants were presented with a subset of 121 laughter recordings correctly classified in Experiment 1 and asked to rate the laughter according to four emotional dimensions, i.e., arousal, dominance, sender’s valence, and receiver-directed valence. Results showed that laughter types differed significantly in their ratings on all dimensions. Joyful laughter and tickling laughter both showed a positive sender’s valence and receiver-directed valence, whereby tickling laughter had a particularly high arousal. Schadenfreude had a negative receiver-directed valence and a high dominance, thus providing empirical evidence for the existence of a dark side in spontaneous laughter. The present results suggest that with the evolution of human social communication laughter diversified from the former play signal of non-human primates to a much more fine-grained signal that can serve a multitude of social functions in order to regulate group structure and hierarchy.
Revealing environmental synchronicity that enhances anchovy recruitment in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Quattrocchi F. , Garofalo G. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSmall pelagic fishes in the Mediterranean Sea constitute about half of the total landings, of which almost one-third is European anchovy. Anchovy abundance mainly depends on early life stage and juvenile survival and growth, which are susceptible to shifts in environmental processes. Due to the commercial importance of this species, it is necessary to elucidate the processes affecting recruitment strength for effective fishery management, using environmental indices to set more appropriate harvesting limits. Here, we constructed a simple index to capture synchronicity between enrichment and retention/concentration processes, which are known to affect anchovy abundance, during the first year of life. Three ecosystems in the Mediterranean were examined: Gulf of Lions, Adriatic Sea, and Strait of Sicily. The synchronicity index (SI) represented the synergic evolution over time of the chlorophyll-a concentration (CHL, enrichment process) and mixed layer depth (MLD, concentration/retention processes), and was related with the abundance of anchovy recruits obtained from published survey reports. Considering different ecosystems, when the SI was significantly higher, anchovy recruitment was promoted. This result indicated SI is consistent across ecosystems in explaining anchovy abundance fluctuations and thus could be used to enhance fisheries management and extended to assess the impact of projected environmental changes.
Influence of the autotaxin-lysophosphatidic acid axis on cellular function and cytokine expression in different breast cancer cell lines
Authors: Hauck Theresa , Kadam Sheetal , Heinz Katharina , Garcia Peraza Maria , Schmid Rafael , Kremer Andreas E. , Wolf Katharina , Bauer Alina , Horch Raymund E. , Arkudas Andreas , Kengelbach-Weigand Annika 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPrevious studies provide high evidence that autotaxin (ATX)-lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signaling through LPA receptors (LPAR) plays an important role in breast cancer initiation, progression, and invasion. However, its specific role in different breast cancer cell lines remains to be fully elucidated to offer improvements in targeted therapies. Within this study, we analyzed in vitro the effect of LPA 18:1 and the LPAR1, LPAR3 (and LPAR2) inhibitor Ki16425 on cellular functions of different human breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, MCF-7, BT-474, SKBR-3) and the human breast epithelial cell line MCF-10A, as well as Interleukin 8 (IL-8), Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha cytokine secretion after LPA-incubation. ATX-LPA signaling showed a dose-dependent stimulatory effect especially on cellular functions of triple-negative and luminal A breast cancer cell lines. Ki16425 inhibited the LPA-induced stimulation of triple-negative breast cancer and luminal A cell lines in variable intensity depending on the functional assay, indicating the interplay of different LPAR in those assays. IL-8, IL-6 and TNF-alpha secretion was induced by LPA in MDA-MB-468 cells. This study provides further evidence about the role of the ATX-LPA axis in different breast cancer cell lines and might contribute to identify subtypes suitable for a future targeted therapy of the ATX-LPA axis.
Prevalence of self-reported fatigue in intensive care unit survivors 6 months–5 years after discharge
Authors: Morel Jérôme , Infantino Pascal , Gergelé Laurent , Lapole Thomas , Souron Robin , Millet Guillaume Y. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractProlonged stays in intensive care units (ICU) are responsible for long-lasting consequences, fatigue being one of the more debilitating. Yet, fatigue prevalence for patients that have experienced ICU stays remains poorly investigated. This study aimed to evaluate fatigue prevalence and the level of physical activity in ICU survivors from 6 months to 5 years after ICU discharge using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Fatigue (FACIT-F) and Godin questionnaires, respectively. Data from 351 ICU survivors (out of 1583 contacted) showed that 199 (57%) and 152 (43%) were considered as fatigued and non-fatigued, respectively. The median FACIT-F scores for fatigued versus non-fatigued ICU survivors were 21 (14–27) and 45 (41–48), respectively (p < 0.001). Time from discharge had no significant effect on fatigue prevalence (p = 0.30) and fatigued ICU survivors are less active (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, the only risk factor of being fatigued that was identified was being female. We reported a high prevalence of fatigue among ICU survivors. Sex was the only independent risk factor of being fatigued, with females being more prone to this symptom. Further studies should consider experimental approaches that help us understand the objective causes of fatigue, and to build targeted fatigue management interventions.
Optimization, validation and initial clinical implications of a Luminex-based immunoassay for the quantification of Fragile X Protein from dried blood spots
Authors: Boggs Anna E. , Schmitt Lauren M. , McLane Richard D. , Adayev Tatyana , LaFauci Giuseppe , Horn Paul S. , Dominick Kelli C. , Gross Christina , Erickson Craig A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFragile X Syndrome (FXS) is caused by a trinucleotide expansion leading to silencing of the FMR1 gene and lack of expression of Fragile X Protein (FXP, formerly known as Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein, FMRP). Phenotypic presentation of FXS is highly variable, and the lack of reproducible, sensitive assays to detect FXP makes evaluation of peripheral FXP as a source of clinical variability challenging. We optimized a Luminex-based assay to detect FXP in dried blot spots for increased reproducibility and sensitivity by improving reagent concentrations and buffer conditions. The optimized assay was used to quantify FXP in 187 individuals. We show that the optimized assay is highly reproducible and detects a wide range of FXP levels. Mosaic individuals had, on average, higher FXP levels than fully methylated individuals, and trace amounts of FXP were consistently detectable in a subset of individuals with full mutation FXS. IQ scores were positively correlated with FXP levels in males and females with full mutation FXS demonstrating the clinical utility of this method. Our data suggest trace amounts of FXP detectable in dried blood spots of individuals with FXS could be clinically relevant and may be used to stratify individuals with FXS for optimized treatment.
Scaffold size-dependent effect on the enhanced uptake of antibiotics and other compounds by Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Yamamoto Kyosuke , Yamamoto Nao , Ayukawa Shotaro , Yasutake Yoshiaki , Ishiya Koji , Nakashima Nobutaka 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria functions as an impermeable barrier to foreign compounds. Thus, modulating membrane transport can contribute to improving susceptibility to antibiotics and efficiency of bioproduction reactions. In this study, the cellular uptake of hydrophobic and large-scaffold antibiotics and other compounds in Gram-negative bacteria was investigated by modulating the homolog expression of bamB encoding an outer membrane lipoprotein and tolC encoding an outer membrane efflux protein via gene deletion and gene silencing. The potential of deletion mutants for biotechnological applications, such as drug screening and bioproduction, was also demonstrated. Instead of being subjected to gene deletion, wild-type bacterial cells were treated with cell-penetrating peptide conjugates of a peptide nucleic acid (CPP-PNA) against bamB and tolC homologs as antisense agents. Results revealed that the single deletion of bamB and tolC in Escherichia coli increased the uptake of large- and small-scaffold hydrophobic compounds, respectively. A bamB-and-tolC double deletion mutant had a higher uptake efficiency for certain antibiotics and other compounds with high hydrophobicity than each single deletion mutant. The CPP-PNA treated E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells showed high sensitivity to various antibiotics. Therefore, these gene deletion and silencing approaches can be utilized in therapeutic and biotechnological fields.
Network-based integrated analysis for toxic effects of high-concentration formaldehyde inhalation exposure through the toxicogenomic approach
Authors: Kang Doo Seok , Lee Nahyun , Shin Dong Yeop , Jang Yu Jin , Lee Su-Hyon , Lim Kyung-Min , Ahn Yeon-Soon , Lee Cheol Min , Seo Young Rok 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFormaldehyde is a colorless, pungent, highly reactive, and toxic environmental pollutant used in various industries and products. Inhaled formaldehyde is a human and animal carcinogen that causes genotoxicity, such as reactive oxygen species formation and DNA damage. This study aimed to identify the toxic effects of inhaled formaldehyde through an integrated toxicogenomic approach utilizing database information. Microarray datasets (GSE7002 and GSE23179) were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and differentially expressed genes were identified. The network analyses led to the construction of the respiratory system-related biological network associated with formaldehyde exposure, and six upregulated hub genes (AREG, CXCL2, HMOX1, PLAUR, PTGS2, and TIMP1) were identified. The expression levels of these genes were verified via qRT-PCR in 3D reconstructed human airway tissues exposed to aerosolized formaldehyde. Furthermore, NRARP was newly found as a potential gene associated with the respiratory and carcinogenic effects of formaldehyde by comparison with human in vivo and in vitro formaldehyde-exposure data. This study improves the understanding of the toxic mechanism of formaldehyde and suggests a more applicable analytic pipeline for predicting the toxic effects of inhaled toxicants.
Effect of post-ICU follow-up by a rapid response team after congenital heart surgery
Authors: Haga Taiki , Sakaguchi Takaaki , Kazuta Takao , Morooka Takaya , Maruyama Junji , Yamaoka Naoko , Miyahara Satoko 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPatients with congenital heart disease who have a variety of cardiac/extracardiac problems are at high risk for deterioration. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of post-intensive care unit (ICU) follow-up by a rapid response team (RRT) after congenital heart surgery. This before-and-after study was conducted at an urban regional tertiary hospital. We enrolled 572 consecutive patients who underwent congenital heart surgery and were transferred alive from the paediatric ICU (PICU) between April 2015 and March 2020. Post-ICU follow-up for 48 h was started in April 2018. The primary and secondary endpoints were unplanned ICU readmission and clinical outcomes at ICU readmission, respectively. Overall, 346 and 226 patients were analysed pre- and post-intervention, respectively. Patient demographics were similar between groups, but in the post-intervention group, patients tended to have had more complicated surgery. Unplanned ICU readmission rates within 30 days were similar between groups. Regarding the demographics and outcomes at ICU readmission, patients in the post-intervention group had lower predicted mortality rates (1.7% vs 5.3%, P = 0.001), required less ventilator days (median, 0.5 days [interquartile range (IQR) 0–1] vs median, 3 days [IQR 0.5–4], P = 0.02), and had a shorter ICU stay (median, 3 days [IQR 2–4] vs median, 6 days [IQR 3–9], P = 0.03), but there was no significant between-group difference in ICU mortality. Post-ICU follow-up by a RRT after congenital heart surgery did not decrease unplanned ICU readmission but improved several outcomes at ICU readmission.
Unimpaired groupitizing in children and adolescents with dyscalculia
Authors: Anobile Giovanni , Marazzi Moreno , Federici Stefano , Napoletti Agnese , Cecconi Lucia , Arrighi Roberto 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWhen asked to estimate the number of items in the visual field, neurotypical adults are more precise and rapid if the items are clustered into subgroups compared to when they are randomly distributed. It has been suggested that this phenomenon, termed “groupitizing”, relies on the recruitment of arithmetical calculation strategies and subitizing. Here the role of arithmetical skills in groupitizing was investigated by measuring the groupitizing effect (or advantage) in a sample of children and adolescents with and without math learning disability (dyscalculia). The results showed that when items were grouped, both groups of participants showed a similar advantage on sensory precision and response time in numerosity estimates. Correlational analyses confirmed a lack of covariation between groupitizing advantage and math scores. Bayesian statistics on sensory precision sustained the frequentist analyses providing decisive evidence in favor of no groups difference on groupitizing advantage magnitude (LBF = − 0.44) and no correlation with math scores (LBF = − 0.57). The results on response times, although less decisive, were again in favor of the null hypothesis. Overall, the results suggest that the link between groupitizing and mathematical abilities cannot be taken for granted, calling for further investigations on the factors underlying this perceptual phenomenon.
Direct observation of chaperone-modulated talin mechanics with single-molecule resolution
Authors: Chakraborty Soham , Chaudhuri Deep , Banerjee Souradeep , Bhatt Madhu , Haldar Shubhasis 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTalin as a critical focal adhesion mechanosensor exhibits force-dependent folding dynamics and concurrent interactions. Being a cytoplasmic protein, talin also might interact with several cytosolic chaperones; however, the roles of chaperones in talin mechanics remain elusive. To address this question, we investigated the force response of a mechanically stable talin domain with a set of well-known unfoldase (DnaJ, DnaK) and foldase (DnaKJE, DsbA) chaperones, using single-molecule magnetic tweezers. Our findings demonstrate that chaperones could affect adhesion proteins’ stability by changing their folding mechanics; while unfoldases reduce their unfolding force from ~11 pN to ~6 pN, foldase shifts it upto ~15 pN. Since talin is mechanically synced within 2 pN force ranges, these changes are significant in cellular conditions. Furthermore, we determined that chaperones directly reshape the energy landscape of talin: unfoldases decrease the unfolding barrier height from 26.8 to 21.7 kBT, while foldases increase it to 33.5 kBT. We reconciled our observations with eukaryotic Hsp70 and Hsp40 and observed their similar function of decreasing the talin unfolding barrier. Quantitative mapping of this chaperone-induced talin folding landscape directly illustrates that chaperones perturb the adhesion protein stability under physiological force, thereby, influencing their force-dependent interactions and adhesion dynamics.
Red light-transmittance bagging promotes carotenoid accumulation of grapefruit during ripening
Authors: Huang Xiulian , Hu Linping , Kong Wenbin , Yang Can , Xi Wanpeng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLight, a crucial environmental signal, is involved in the regulation of secondary metabolites. To understand the mechanism by which light influences carotenoid metabolism, grapefruits were bagged with four types of light-transmitting bags that altered the transmission of solar light. We show that light-transmitting bagging induced changes in carotenoid metabolism during fruit ripening. Compared with natural light, red light (RL)-transmittance treatment significantly increases the total carotenoid content by 62%. Based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), ‘blue’ and ‘turquoise’ modules are remarkably associated with carotenoid metabolism under different light treatment (p < 0.05). Transcriptome analysis identifies transcription factors (TFs) bHLH128, NAC2-like/21/72, MYB-like, AGL11/AGL61, ERF023/062, WRKY20, SBPlike-7/13 as being involved in the regulation of carotenoid metabolism in response to RL. Under RL treatment, these TFs regulate the accumulation of carotenoids by directly modulating the expression of carotenogenic genes, including GGPPS2, PDS, Z-ISO, ZDS2/7, CRTISO3, CYP97A, CHYB, ZEP2, CCD1-2. Based on these results, a network of the regulation of carotenoid metabolism by light in citrus fruits is preliminarily proposed. These results show that RL treatments have great potential to improve coloration and nutritional quality of citrus fruits.
Indium doped ZnO nanorods for chemiresistive NO2 gas sensors
Authors: Patil V. L. , Dalavi D. S. , Dhavale S. B. , Vanalakar S. A. , Tarwal N. L. , Kalekar A. S. , Kim J. H. , Patil P. S. 
Published: April 2022

NO2 gas sensing mechanism of IZO nanorods synthesized by low cost and simple reflux method.