bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diet composition and prey choice in prehistoric human individuals from Northwest Patagonia: An application of species distribution and isotope mixing models
Authors: Moscardi Bruno F. , Bernal Valeria , Silva Araújo Marcio , Gordón Florencia , Cobos Virginia A. , Brachetta‐Aporta Natalia , Lee Raymond , Rindel Diego D. , Gonzalez Paula N. , Della Negra Claudia , Perez S. Ivan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesAncient hunter‐gatherer diets were heterogeneous, varying substantially across time and space, and frequently showing considerable intrapopulation variation. The diet composition of these human groups depended primarily on resource availability, but also on the active selection of certain prey due to different bio‐cultural factors. In this context, we explore resource availability, diet composition, and prey choice in the human populations of the Middle‐Late Holocene from Northwest Patagonia.Material and MethodsWe employ species distribution models using current and zooarchaeological data to estimate species availability throughout Northwest Patagonia, and we use Bayesian stable isotope mixing models on a large number of samples to analyze human diet composition at the individual level during the Middle‐Late Holocene. Finally, we calculate a prey selectivity index to address the different dietary choices of human individuals in the region.ResultsOur results show large differences in species available for consumption throughout the region, as well as a high dietary variation between human individuals, which is mainly related to their spatial location. Some species, such as guanaco, were widely distributed and consumed in the region. Notably, species of small mammals were actively selected in several areas, indicating greater importance in human diets than previously appreciated.DiscussionSpecies availability does not appear as the only factor driving human diets in the region, since prey choice seems to have been a recurring phenomenon among these populations. The novel approach used in this study overcomes several limitations of previous studies employing isotopic analysis in prehistoric human diets, allowing new insights into the bioarchaeology of the region.
Near‐Field Plasmons Imaging and Energy Analysis on Bi2Te3 Film
Authors: Yan Qiu‐Chen , Ma Ji‐Kui , Qiao Shuang , Wang Shu‐Fang , Hu Xiao‐Yong , Gong Qi‐Huang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTopological materials have great potential in lossless electronic transportation. Bi2Te3 as three‐dimensional (3D) topological insulator is predicted to exhibit many amazing electromagnetic characteristics, which are widely studied all over the world. However, current research available on Bi2Te3 materials is not adequate, and a comprehensive understanding of its properties is necessary. In this work, near‐field plasmon imaging based on Bi2Te3 nanostructures and the kinetic energy spectra of emitted electrons from Bi2Te3 film by using photoemission electron microscope instruments is studied. Under UV laser excitation of 273 nm, the electrons can be excited from the trap states in bandgap, which provides a feasible idea for observing the trap energy levels of Bi2Te3 materials. Moreover, the imaging applications of nanostructures in Bi2Te3 film based on their polarization‐dependence and wavelength‐dependence properties are also demonstrated, providing a more degrees of freedom for imaging, and can realize multidimensional and multi‐multiplexing imaging technology of topological materials. This work provides a novel method to enrich the Bi2Te3 film properties from the view of near‐field plasmon imaging and kinetic energy distribution, paving the way for realizing practical applications of topological materials.
Chronic fracture and osteomyelitis in a large‐bodied ornithomimosaur with implications for the identification of unusual endosteal bone in the fossil record
Authors: Chinzorig Tsogtbaatar , Beguesse Kyla A. , Canoville Aurore , Phillips George , Zanno Lindsay E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPaleopathological diagnoses provide key information on the macroevolutionary origin of disease as well as behavioral and physiological inferences that are inaccessible via direct observation of extinct organisms. Here we describe the external gross morphology and internal architecture of a pathologic right second metatarsal (MMNS VP‐6332) of a large‐bodied ornithomimid (~432 kg) from the Santonian (Upper Cretaceous) Eutaw Formation in Mississippi, using a combination of X‐ray computed microtomography (microCT) and petrographic histological analyses. X‐ray microCT imaging and histopathologic features are consistent with multiple complete, oblique to comminuted, minimally displaced mid‐diaphyseal cortical fractures that produce a “butterfly” fragment fracture pattern, and secondary osteomyelitis with a bone fistula formation. We interpret this as evidence of blunt force trauma to the foot that could have resulted from intra‐ or interspecific competition or predator–prey interaction, and probably impaired the function of the metatarsal as a weight‐bearing element until the animal's death. Of particular interest is the apparent decoupling of endosteal and periosteal pathological bone deposition in MMNS VP‐6332, which produces transverse sections exhibiting homogenously thick endosteal pathological bone in the absence of localized periosteal reactive bone. These distribution and depositional patterns are used as criteria for ruling out a pathological origin in favor of a reproductive one for unusual endosteal bone in fossil specimens. On the basis of MMNS VP‐6332, we suggest caution in their use to substantiate a medullary bone identification in extinct archosaurians.
A review of helochelydrid shell material from late Albian to early Cenomanian greensands of Southern England, United Kingdom
Authors: Joyce Walter G. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA number of helochelydrid turtle shell remains were recovered over the course of the 19th century from mid‐Cretaceous sediments throughout Southern England, including the poorly figured and described types of Trachydermochelys phlyctaenus from the Cambridge Greensand of Cambridgeshire, Plastremys lata from the Upper Greensand of the Isle of Wight, and “Trachydermochelys” rutteri from the Melbury Sandstone of Dorset. A review of stratigraphic provenience suggests that all material originates from late Late Aptian portions of the Upper Greensand or early Early Cenomanian portions of the West Melbury Marly Chalk Formation, a relatively narrow time window geologically speaking. As described, Trachydermochelys phlyctaenus is a problematic taxon, because the most plausible type series is a chimera that includes two helochelydrid morphotypes in addition to protostegid remains. This conundrum is resolved through the designation of a lectotype. A review of all historic material confirms the presence of three English taxa distinct from Helochelydra danubina, a coeval taxon named from Germany. At least four helochelydrid taxa, therefore, occurred in western Europe during the Early to Late Cretaceous transition.
Involvement ofMethoprene‐tolerantandKrüppel homolog 1in juvenile hormone‐mediated vitellogenesis of femaleLiposcelis entomophila(End.) (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae)
Authors: Yang Bin‐Bin , Miao Shi‐Yuan , Lu Yu‐Jie , Wang Sui‐Sui , Wang Zheng‐Yan , Zhao Ya‐Ru 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMethoprene‐tolerant (Met) as an intracellular receptor of juvenile hormone (JH) and theKrüppel‐homolog 1(Kr‐h1) as a JH‐inducible transcription factor had been proved to contribute to insect reproduction. Their functions vary in different insect orders, however, they are not clear in Psocoptera. In this study,LeMetandLeKr‐h1were identified and their roles in vitellogenesis and ovarian development were investigated inLiposcelis entomophila(Enderlein). Treatment with exogenous JH III significantly induced the expression ofLeKr‐h1, LeVg, andLeVgR. Furthermore, silencingLeMetandLeKr‐h1remarkably reduced the transcription ofLeVgandLeVgR, disrupted the production of Vg in fat body and the uptake of Vg by oocytes, and ultimately led to a decline in fecundity. The results indicated that the JH signaling pathway was essential to the reproductive process of this species. Interestingly, knockdown ofLeMetorLeKr‐h1also resulted in fluctuations in the expression ofFoxO, indicating the complex regulatory interactions between different hormone factors. Besides, knockdown of bothLeMetandLeKr‐h1significantly increasedL. entomophilamortality. Our study provides initial insight into the roles of JH signaling in the female reproduction of psocids and provided evidence that RNAi‐mediated knockdown ofMetorKr‐h1is a potential pest control strategy.
Pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidine scaffold: A review on synthetic approaches and EGFR and VEGFR inhibitory activities
Authors: Kassab Asmaa E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidine core has received a lot of interest from the medicinal chemistry community as a promising framework for drug design and discovery. It is an isostere of the adenine ring of adenosine triphosphate, which allows it to mimic kinase active site hinge region binding contacts. This scaffold has a wide pharmacological and biological value, one of which is as an anticancer agent. Many successful anticancer medicines have been designed and synthesized using pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidine as a key pharmacophore. The main synthetic routes of pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidines as well as their recent developments as promising anticancer agents acting as endothelial growth factor receptors and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitors, published in the time frame from 1999 to 2022, are summarized in this review to set the direction for the design and synthesis of novel pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidine derivatives for clinical deployment in cancer treatment.
Nanostructured Nickel‐based Non‐enzymatic Electrochemical Glucose Sensors
Authors: Akter Riva , Saha Protity , Shah Syed Shaheen , Shaikh M. Nasiruzzaman , Aziz Md. Abdul , Ahammad A. J. Saleh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGlucose detection is considered a significant area and has remained the topic of considerable attention. Remarkable technological advancements have been observed in diabetes monitoring in the past decades. This continual progress helps to track recent trends in development as well as identify challenging issues in glucose sensor construction. Thus, a comprehensive synopsis of the most recent advancements and developments in the study of nickel (Ni) nanostructure‐based sensors for efficient trace‐level glucose detection, following non‐enzymatic and electrochemical methods, is provided in this review. Moreover, this review is intensively focused on the methodologies for the structure, morphology, preparation, and enforcement of a variety of Ni nanostructures, including Ni nanosheets with metals, Ni nanospheres with metals/mixed metals, Ni‐metal nanocomposites, metal nanoparticles‐decorated Ni nanowires, Ni nanoparticles, Ni‐decorated metal nanotube arrays, Ni nanoneedles and nanorods with metals, nanoporous, nanoplates, nanocoated Ni with metal composites, and Ni‐composed hybrid nanostructures. Various demonstrations and categorizations are provided on Ni‐based nanostructures for a clear understanding for diverse readers.
Atypical brain network development of infants at elevated likelihood for autism spectrum disorder during the first year of life
Authors: Zhang Fen , Moerman Floor , Niu Haijing , Warreyn Petra , Roeyers Herbert 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by behavioral features that appear early in life. Although studies have shown that atypical brain functional and structural connectivity are associated with these behavioral traits, the occurrence and initial alterations of brain networks have not been fully investigated. The current study aimed to map early brain network efficiency and information transferring in infants at elevated likelihood (EL) compared to infants at typical likelihood (TL) for ASD in the first year of life. This study used a resting‐state functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) approach to obtain the length and strength of functional connections in the frontal and temporal areas in 45 5‐month‐old and 38 10‐month‐old infants. Modular organization and small‐world properties were detected in both EL and TL infants at 5 and 10 months. In 5‐month‐old EL infants, local and nodal efficiency were significantly greater than age‐matched TL infants, indicating overgrown local connections. Furthermore, we used a support vector machine (SVM) model to classify infants with or without EL based on the obtained global properties of the network, achieving an accuracy of 77.6%. These results suggest that infants with EL for ASD exhibit inefficiencies in the organization of brain networks during the first year of life.
Cognitive flexibility in autism: Evidence from young autistic children
Authors: Andreou Maria , Konstantopoulos Kostas , Peristeri Eleni 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe examined the cognitive flexibility performance of young autistic children and a group of neurotypical peers. Thirty‐six autistic children (72–83 months) and 200 age‐matched typically‐developing children were assessed on the Children's Color Trails Test (CCTT), a semantic and a phonemic verbal fluency task. The results showed that the autistic children performed worse than their neurotypical peers in the switching component of the CCTT. In the fluency tests, the autistic group generated overall fewer word items than their neurotypical peers, however, their poorer performance was driven by specific linguistic stimuli in the fluency tasks. The findings suggest that cognitive flexibility for the autistic children was affected in the nonverbal CCTT only, while poor performance in semantic and phonemic fluency seemed to be inherent to the language properties of the verbal fluency tasks.
Southern Nevada Eliminating Nonfunctional Grass
Authors: Belanger Andrew M. 
Published: October 2022

Key TakeawaysA federal water shortage declaration prompted the Southern Nevada Water Authority (SNWA) to work with state legislators to pass a bill prohibiting irrigation of “nonfunctional turf” in the Las Vegas Valley by the end of 2026.SNWA formed an advisory panel of community stakeholders to formally define functional and nonfunctional turf and make recommendations for implementing the new law.The advisory panel submitted a set of recommendations that was unanimously approved by SNWA's board of directors in January 2022.
Path dependence of accountants: Why are they not involved in corporate sustainability?
Authors: Wenzig Julius , Nuzum Anne‐Katrin , Schaltegger Stefan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAccounting has been identified as a key area to inform managers seeking to transform businesses towards sustainability. Empirical research, however, shows that management accountants are scarcely involved in sustainability accounting. This paper contributes to understanding their barriers, using path dependence theory as a theoretical framework to empirically investigate how accountants have become “locked in” by self‐reinforcing mechanisms. Based on semistructured interviews with 33 management accountants in Germany, the paper identifies three interrelated self‐reinforcing mechanisms that inhibit accountants from sustainability involvement. A strong focus on financial priorities and incremental improvements driven by top management expectations hinder the consideration of sustainability beyond its direct costs. Specialization is another barrier, as is an understanding of sustainability as peripheral rather than a core business. Contrary to prior literature, accountants express eagerness to learn, though rarely about sustainability. They rarely question assumptions about sustainability and their role, leading to missed opportunities for double‐loop learning and more transformative change.
Economic complexity and environmental degradation: Evidence from OECD countries
Authors: Aluko Olufemi Adewale , Opoku Eric Evans Osei , Acheampong Alex O. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe augment the existing knowledge on the role of economic complexity in the environment and sustainable development debate by examining the effect of economic complexity on environmental degradation (measured by ecological footprint, CO2 emissions, N2O emissions and greenhouse gas emissions) contingent on income, using data from 35 OECD countries between 1998 and 2017. With the fixed effects model estimator, we find that income facilitates economic complexity to mitigate ecological footprint, CO2 emissions, N2O emissions and greenhouse gas emissions. Also, we fit a partial linear functional‐coefficient model to find that income influences economic complexity to exert a nonlinear effect on ecological footprint, CO2 emissions, N2O emissions and greenhouse gas emissions. We find that economic complexity leads to an increase in ecological footprint, CO2 emissions, N2O emissions and greenhouse gas emissions at lower income levels but gradually dampens them as income rises. Finally, by applying the Method of Moments Quantile regression to control for distributional heterogeneity, we also find that the mitigating effect of economic complexity on ecological footprint, CO2 emissions, N2O emissions and greenhouse gas emissions is transmitted through income across quantiles. The policy implications are discussed.
Microsurgical phalloplasty: Anatomical study evaluating the use of the external pudendal vessels as recipients
Authors: Allepot Killian , Morel‐Journel Nicolas , Boucher Fabien 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe inferior epigastric artery (IEA) is commonly used as a recipient vessel in microsurgical phalloplasty but its use can be associated with abdominal parietal complications (hernia, bulging). To preclude such complications and avoid involvement of the femoral artery, we assessed an external pudendal artery (EPA) as a recipient vessel. We studied the disposition of the external pudendal system and its general anatomy. Then we compared the external diameter of the EPA to that of the first branches of the femoral artery. The most important point was to determine the location of the EPA through a reference line to facilitate a surgical approach. We then illustrated this preliminary study with a clinical case to check the reliability of the identified landmarks. Ten adult cadavers were dissected. The arteries of interest were part of a system consisting of either a common trunk or a duplicated system. The branches of the pudendal system arose from either the femoral artery or the deep femoral artery. On a horizontal reference line passing through the two pubic tubercles, we observed that 83% of EPAs arose between the reference line and 3 cm below it, at the level of a vertical axis centered on the femoral artery. The EPA could be suitable as recipient vessel in phalloplasty owing to its location, size, and ease of dissection. Using it instead of the IEA precludes abdominal parietal complications and reduces scarring in the recipient area.
Mutant TP53 driving the Warburg Effect in Mantle Cell lymphoma
Authors: Kliebhan Johannes , Besse Andrej , Kampa‐Schittenhelm Kerstin , Schittenhelm Marcus , Driessen Christoph 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe p53 mutation R273H in tumor cells leads to increased glucose uptake, lactic acidosis, and accelerated tumor growth, as was previously shown in mice. We here present a patient with mantle cell lymphoma harboring this p53_R273H mutation, whose clinical course is characterized by severe lactic acidosis, hypoglycemia, and aggressive disease.
Harlequin ichthyosis: A case image from Syria
Authors: Al‐Dabbagh Jacob , Daabool Rajaa , Hatem Reem , Al‐Soufi Lina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHarlequin ichthyosis is a rare autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis with a distinct phenotypic appearance. It associated with a high mortality rate and affects both sexes equally. We report a harlequin fetus with a history of scalp psoriasis in his mother. The neonate was born to consanguineous parents who had a previous female baby that was diagnosed with harlequin ichthyosis.
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection in a patient with recent COVID‐19 infection: A case report
Authors: Alemzadeh‐Ansari Mohammad Javad , Fakhrabadi Amir Akbar , Amin Ahmad , Rafiee Farnaz , Houshmand Golnaz 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe report a spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) case in a lady with a history of recent COVID‐19 and without any known predisposing factors. We also highlight the value of CMR as a noninvasive tool for tissue characterization, which can also be more applicable during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Varicella zoster viral infection complicating into necrotizing fasciitis: A case report
Authors: Shaikh Nissar , Amara Umm‐e‐ , Hussein Mogahed I. , Mahadik Sahar , Elhussain Abdalaziz I. , Al Maslamani Muna , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNecrotizing fasciitis is a rare complication of varicella‐zoster viral infection in adults, occurring due to a secondary bacterial infection. A 35‐year‐old female healthy patient had post‐varicella zoster infection with NSAID use as a possible risk factor. She was diagnosed early by clinical and laboratory parameters.
Characterization of the glmS Ribozymes from Listeria Monocytogenes and Clostridium Difficile
Authors: Esser Anna , Mayer Günter 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe glmS ribozyme regulates the expression of the essential GlmS enzyme being involved in cell wall biosynthesis. While >450 variants of the glmS ribozyme were identified by in silico approaches and homology searches, only a few have yet been experimentally investigated. Herein, we validate and characterize the glmS ribozymes of the human pathogens Clostridium difficile and Listeria monocytogenes. Both ribozymes, as their previous characterized homologs rely on glucosamine‐6‐phosphate as co‐factor and the presence of divalent cations for exerting the cleavage reaction. The observed EC50 values in turn were found to be in the submicromolar range, at least an order of magnitude lower than observed for glmS ribozymes from other bacteria. The glmS ribozyme of L. monocytogenes was further shown to bear unique properties. It discriminates between co‐factors very stringently and other than the glmS ribozyme of C. difficile retains activity at low temperatures. This finding illustrates that albeit being highly conserved, glmS ribozymes have unique characteristics.
Small Molecule Tools to Study Cellular Target Engagement for the Intracellular Allosteric Binding Site of GPCRs
Authors: Huber Max E. , Toy Lara , Schmidt Maximilian F. , Weikert Dorothee , Schiedel Matthias 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA conserved intracellular allosteric binding site (IABS) has recently been identified at several G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs). Ligands targeting the IABS, so‐called intracellular allosteric antagonists, are highly promising compounds for pharmaceutical intervention and currently evaluated in several clinical trials. Beside co‐crystal structures that laid the foundation for the structure‐based development of intracellular allosteric GPCR antagonists, small molecule tools that enable an unambiguous identification and characterization of intracellular allosteric GPCR ligands are of utmost importance for drug discovery campaigns in this field. Herein, we discuss recent approaches that leverage cellular target engagement studies for the IABS and thus play a critical role in the evaluation of IABS‐targeted ligands as potential therapeutic agents.