bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of magnetic metal‐organic framework MIL‐101(Fe) and its application in the extraction of anthraquinones in rhubarb
Authors: Zhou Xi , Yin Shi‐Jun , Chen Guo‐Ying , Xiao Shang‐You , Yang Feng‐Qing 
Published: April 2022

In this work, a magnetic octahedral metal‐organic framework (Fe3O4@NH2‐MIL‐101(Fe)) was synthesized for the magnetic solid‐phase extraction of three anthraquinones, including aloe‐emodin, emodin, and physcion, in rhubarb. The Fe3O4@NH2‐MIL‐101(Fe) exhibits a high specific surface area of 259.2 m2/g with an average pore size of 6.0 nm and high magnetic responsivity of 23.4 emu/g, which may be used as an adsorbent for rapid preconcentration and separation of target analytes. The main parameters for magnetic solid‐phase extraction of anthraquinones, including the amount of adsorbent, extraction time, extraction temperature, extraction pH, elution solvent, and elution time, were systematically optimized. The whole extraction process requires a very low amount of adsorbent and a small volume of the sample. Besides, under the optimized conditions, the method shows satisfactory spiked recovery for anthraquinones in the range of 93.3–109.1% and the limits of detection are 1.7–3.4 ng/mL. The relative standard deviations for intra‐ and inter‐day precision are 0.2–1.3% and 0.2–0.6%, respectively. The experimental results indicate that the developed method is feasible for the analysis of anthraquinones in rhubarb.
Cervical lymphangioma in adults: A report of seven cases and review of the literature
Authors: Wang Jianwei , Yang Yujuan , Guo Jing , Yao Yao , Dong Luchao , Mou Yakui , Zhang Yu , Song Xicheng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundCervical lymphangioma usually occurs in children and is relatively rare in adults. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of cervical lymphangiomas in adults.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records and analyzed clinical data obtained from seven adult patients who suffered from cervical lymphangioma from January 2008 to June 2021.ResultsFive (71.43%) of seven cases were asymptomatic and four (57.14%) lymphangiomas had a maximum diameter ≥ 10 cm. Each cervical lymphangioma was located adjacent to the carotid sheath. All the cervical lymphangiomas were completely surgically excised and were pathologically diagnosed as cystic lymphangioma. After a median 32 months follow‐up period, no recurrence was observed.ConclusionCervical lymphangiomas from adults are often large asymptomatic masses infiltrating or adjacent to surrounding vital structures which brings many difficulties to the surgery, requiring an experienced surgeon to remove the mass.
Core‐Sheath‐Like Poly(Ethylene Oxide)/Beeswax Composite Fibers Prepared by Single‐Spinneret Electrospinning. Antibacterial, Antifungal, and Antitumor Activities
Authors: Kyuchyuk Selin , Paneva Dilyana , Karashanova Daniela , Markova Nadya , Georgieva Ani , Toshkova Reneta , Manolova Nevena , Rashkov Iliya 
Published: April 2022

AbstractComposite fibrous materials are prepared from poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and beeswax (BW) by single‐spinneret electrospinning using chloroform as a common solvent. The obtained fibers have core‐sheath‐like structure, as evidenced by the water contact angle values and corroborated by the results on the elemental composition of the fiber's surface determined by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and by analyses with scanning electron microscopy of fibers before and after selective extraction of PEO or BW. Furthermore, the core‐sheath‐like structure is proven by transmission electron microscopy. This is attributed to self‐assembly of BW molecules on the surface of the formed fibers driven by the incompatibility between PEO and BW. 5‐Nitro‐8‐hydroxyquinoline (NQ) is embedded as a model drug with antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer properties in the PEO/BW fibrous materials. XPS analyses reveal that NQ is present on the surface of the PEO/BW/NQ materials. Using a purposely designed cell for fixation of the fibrous materials the NQ release in phosphate buffer solution with рН 7.4 is followed. The new PEO/BW/NQ fibrous materials exhibit antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, antifungal effect against C. albicans, and selective anticancer activity against HeLa (human cervical adenocarcinoma cells) and SH‐4 (human melanoma cells) cell lines.
Characterization of stage‐specific tumor progression in TMPRSS2‐ERG (fusion)‐driven and non‐fusion‐driven prostate cancer in GEM models
Authors: Raina Komal , Kant Rama , Prasad Ram R. , Kandhari Kushal , Tomar Munendra , Mishra Neha , Kumar Robin , Fox Jennifer T. , Sei Shizuko , Shoemaker Robert H. , Chen Yu , Maroni Paul , Agarwal Chapla , Agarwal Rajesh 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn the present study, we performed a comparative stage‐specific pathological and molecular marker evaluation of TMPRSS2‐ERG fusion and PTEN loss‐driven (TMPRSS2‐ERG. Ptenflox/flox) versus non‐fusion‐driven prostate tumorigenesis (Hi‐Myc) in mice. Anterior, ventral, and dorsolateral prostates were collected from mice at different ages (or time points post‐Cre induction). Results indicated that growth and progression of prostatic intraepithelial lesions to adenocarcinoma stages occurred in both mice models albeit at different rates. In the TMPRSS2‐ERG. Ptenflox/flox mice, the initiation of tumorigenesis was slow, but subsequent progression through different stages became increasingly faster. Adenocarcinoma stage was reached early on; however, no high‐grade undifferentiated tumors were observed. Conversely, in the Hi‐Myc+/− mice, tumorigenesis initiation was rapid; however, progression through different stages was relatively slower and it took a while to reach the more aggressive phenotype stage. Nevertheless, at the advanced stages in the Hi‐Myc+/− mice, high‐grade undifferentiated tumors were observed compared to the later stage tumors observed in the fusion‐driven TMPRSS2‐ERG. Ptenflox/flox mice. These results were corroborated by the stage specific‐pattern in the molecular expression of proliferation markers (PCNA and c‐Myc); androgen receptor (AR); fusion‐resultant overexpression of ERG; Prostein (SLC45‐A3); and angiogenesis marker (CD‐31). Importantly, there was a significant increase in immune cell infiltrations, which increased with the stage of tumorigenesis, in the TMPRSS2‐ERG fusion‐positive tumors relative to fusion negative tumors. Together, these findings are both novel and highly significant in establishing a working preclinical model for evaluating the efficacy of interventions during different stages of tumorigenesis in TMPRSS2‐ERG fusion‐driven PCa.
Deletion of Trp53 and Rb1 in Ctsk‐expressing cells drives osteosarcoma progression by activating glucose metabolism and YAP signaling
Authors: Li Yang , Yang Shuting , Liu Yang , Yang Shuying 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGlucose metabolism reprogramming is a critical factor in the progression of multiple cancers and is directly regulated by many tumor suppressors. However, how glucose metabolism regulates osteosarcoma development and progression is largely unknown. Cathepsin K (Ctsk) has been reported to express in chondroprogenitor cells and stem cells besides osteoclasts. Moreover, mutations in the tumor suppressors transformation‐related protein 53 (Trp53) and retinoblastoma protein (Rb1) are evident in approximately 50%–70% of human osteosarcoma. To understand how deletion of Trp53 and Rb1 in Ctsk‐expressing cells drives tumorigenesis, we generated the Ctsk‐Cre;Trp53f/f/Rb1f/f mouse model. Our data revealed that those mice developed osteosarcoma without formation of tumor in osteoclast lineage. The level of cortical bone destruction was gradually increased in parallel to the osteosarcoma progression rate. Through mechanistic studies, we found that loss of Trp53/Rb1 in Ctsk‐expressing cells significantly elevated Yes‐associated protein (YAP) expression and activity. YAP/TEAD1 complex binds to the glucose transporter 1 (Glut1) promoter to upregulate Glut1 expression. Upregulated Glut1 expression led to overactive glucose metabolism, increasing osteosarcoma progression. Ablation of YAP signaling inhibited energy metabolism and delayed osteosarcoma progression in Ctsk‐Cre;Trp53f/f/Rb1f/f mice. Collectively, these findings provide proof of principle that inhibition of YAP activity may be a potential strategy for osteosarcoma treatment.
An LSTM‐based approach to precise landing of a UAV on a moving platform
Authors: Luo Wei , Ebel Henrik , Eberhard Peter 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA machine learning‐based method for the precise landing of an unmanned aerial vehicle on a moving mobile platform is proposed. The proposed approach attempts to predict the mobile platform's future trajectory based on the past states of the mobile platform. To that end, it combines a long short‐term memory‐based neural network with a Kalman filter. Hence, it aims at combining the advantages of a machine learning method with those of a state estimation method from established control theory. Based on the predicted trajectory, the unmanned aerial vehicle attempts to land precisely on the moving mobile platform. The experiment is conducted in the Gazebo simulation platform with a quadrotor and an omnidirectional mobile robot, and the proposed method is compared with the single‐method approaches of using only either the Kalman filter or the machine learning method alone.
Polymer composites from natural fibers and recycled waste surgical masks during COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Pulikkalparambil Harikrishnan , Nandi Debabrata , Rangappa Sanjay Mavinkere , Prasanth Sreelakshmi , Siengchin Suchart 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe crucial role of face masks is highlighted in our day‐to‐day life during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Polypropylene (PP)‐based disposable face masks are widely used to hold back viral transmission. The discarded masks can create a huge burden of contamination on the environment. The purpose of this work is to recycle and reuse discarded masks to reduce environmental pollution. A simple and innovative technique to recycle surgical masks into composites of higher mechanical strength and antimicrobial properties is explored to reuse in packaging materials and cutleries. The surgical masks composed of PP fibers are recycled to use as a matrix material to reinforce with sisal and hemp fibers. The hot compression molding technique is used to sandwich the PP masks with natural fibers. The tensile strength of the composites is remarkably increased by 197% and 305% for sisal fiber composites and hemp fiber composites, respectively. The tensile elongation also increased to 574% for sisal fiber composites. The resulting composites exhibit notable antimicrobial properties against Staphylococcus aureus, a pathogen responsible for common staphylococcal food poisoning. The composites are found to be suitable to use as food contact cutleries and packaging materials.
At‐home compounding preparation of slow desensitization of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor for delayed hypersensitivity rash
Authors: Muirhead Corinne , Verzasconi Deborah , Joshi Shyam 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAs elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor has proven to have robust clinical efficacy for eligible persons with cystic fibrosis, desensitization should be offered to those with maculopapular eruption hypersensitivity reactions to achieve tolerance. As presented in this case, if provided with tools for crushing and mixing the medication, a successful escalation protocol can be completed at home without coordinating the help of a compound pharmacy.
Examining the impact of pulmonary hypertension on nonprofessional caregivers: A mixed‐methods systematic review
Authors: Rawlings Gregg H. , Beail Nigel , Condliffe Robin , Kiely David G. , Thompson Andrew R. , Sabroe Ian , Armstrong Iain 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPulmonary hypertension (PH) is a heterogeneous condition, associated with a high symptom burden and high rates of disability. While nonprofessional caregivers are essential in helping patients live better, little is known about the impact on caregivers and support that is currently available. This review has synthesised evidence examining experiences of caregivers of adults with PH. Web of Science, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library were searched for all types of study design. Articles were evaluated and analysed using a Joanna Briggs Institute approach. Eight articles primarily focussed on pulmonary arterial hypertension and chronic thromboembolic PH were identified investigating 456 caregivers from at least 10 countries. Four categories were identified describing caregiver demographics, responsibilities, impact, and support. Four integrated themes emerged identifying possible unmet needs and therapeutic targets: (1) Change, reflecting the various demands caring had on people as they attempted to balance the needs of the patient and their own; (2) Preparedness, discussing how caregivers could feel uncertain and unskilled for their duties and unsupported; (3) Isolation, with caregivers often encountering challenges to gaining information on PH turning to PH organisations and others affected for support and connection; and (4) Physical and mental demands, reflecting the multifaceted impact of caring. Findings add to the evidence demonstrating that PH can have a considerable impact on patients' support network. Providing support for caregivers of people with PH is an unmet need and may have a positive impact on patients and is an area that requires further research.
Biopolymer‐Based Biomatrices – Organic Strategies to Combat Micronutrient Deficit for Dynamic Agronomy
Authors: Malik Ritu , Saxena Reena , Warkar Sudhir G. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAgronomy inexorably contributes an eminent role in food nutriment and the economic upswing of a country. Micronutrients though required exiguously; are vital for the growth, health, and higher yields of the crops. Micronutrient supplementation at a controlled rate in an economical and eco‐friendly way is the major challenge, an agro‐researcher has to deal with. The potential of scientific research entails the usage of natural, renewable, and abundant raw materials that endow a solution to the agronomical challenges of today's world. Besides being non‐hazardous, biopolymer‐based matrices are pertinent materials that act as a reservoir of micronutrients and are a boon for agronomy, this review explores the synthesis of biomatrices, loading of micronutrients into the bio‐matrix, kinetics, and mechanism of release of micronutrients along with the citations of the biopolymer‐based matrices used till date for the controlled release of micronutrients that would be rewarding for forthcoming research. These green polymeric matrices have been explored a lot for the release of micronutrients iron, copper, and zinc but more research is required for the supplementation of boron, molybdenum, and manganese. The bio‐matrices applied as micronutrient carrier vehicle in agronomy results in enhanced growth, high crop yield, and sustainability.
Cu(II)‐Amino Acid Ionic Liquid Surfactants: Metallovesicles as Nano‐Catalytic Reactors for Cross Dehydrogenative Coupling Reaction in Water
Authors: Kulshrestha Akshay , Kumar Gaurav , Kumar Arvind 
Published: April 2022

AbstractUtilization of the water as a reaction medium is very challenging due to the organic molecules insolubility in the aqueous medium. Still, self‐assembled structures like micelles and vesicles can act as nanoreactors to perform the organic reactions in water. In our efforts to achieve a chemical reaction in water, we have synthesized sustainable Cu (II) based amino acid (phenylalanine or valine) ionic liquid surfactants [AAC12]2[CuCl4], constructed their metallovesicles, and utilized these as nano‐catalytic reactors for C−C bond formation in the propargyl amines under the oxidative conditions. Aggregation of [AAC12]2[CuCl4] in an aqueous medium was studied using surface tension, pyrene fluorescence, and specific conductivity measurements. TEM and DLS analysis confirmed the formation of metallovesicles. [AAC12]2[CuCl4] metallovesicles acted as multitasking nanoreactors to provide a bio‐based template, water as a solvent, no additional catalyst to perform the reaction, and high yield (up to 94 % in low Cu(II) 0.012 mol%). Furthermore, The retention in the chirality of amino acid is observed in [AAC12]2[CuCl4], which can be a promising approach for one‐pot synthesis of chiral moieties in a greener way for future pharmaceutical manufacturing and other Cu(II) catalyzed reactions.
Fabrication and Applications of Wrinkled Soft Substrates: An Overview
Authors: Raj Soorya S. , Mathew Romina Marie , Nair Yamuna , S. T. Aruna , T. P. Vinod 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMorphology of soft materials, including those of natural systems has great influence in controlling their surface functionalities and responses to external stimuli. Surface morphological features of natural soft systems are produced through controlled cell growth and tissue growth. Artificial systems capable of emulating the morphology‐dependent physicochemical responses of natural soft substrates can be prepared through various methods such as surface oxidation, thermal stress, compressive stress, etc. Wrinkling is an important morphological irregularity on soft substrates which can be leveraged in this direction. Wrinkling in artificial soft systems can be achieved through several experimental strategies such as compressive stress, thermal stress, surface oxidation, etc. The tunable, reversible and responsive nature of wrinkled soft substrates make them a potential tool for numerous applications in electronics, optics, adhesives, etc. In this review, have briefly summarized and commented on recent developments in different types of wrinkled soft substrates, their preparation, and emergent applications.
Deep Tumor Penetrating Gold Nano‐Adjuvant for NIR‐II‐Triggered In Situ Tumor Vaccination
Authors: Chen Anhong , Wu Lei , Luo Yao , Lu Shaojin , Wang Yupeng , Zhou Zhengzheng , Zhou Dongfang , Xie Zhigang , Yue Jun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLocal tumor photothermal treatment with the near‐infrared light at the second window (NIR‐II) is a promising strategy in triggering the in situ tumor vaccination (ISTV) for cancer therapy. However, limited penetration of photothermal agents within tumors seriously limits their spatial effect in generating sufficient tumor‐associated antigens, a key factor to the success of ISTV. In this study, a nano‐adjuvant system is fabricated based on the NIR‐II‐absorbable gold nanostars decorated with hyaluronidases and immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotides CpG for ISTV. The nano‐adjuvant displays a deep tumor penetration capacity via loosening the dense extracellular matrix of tumors. Upon NIR‐II light irradiation, the nano‐adjuvant significantly inhibits the tumor growth, induces a cascade of immune responses, generates an obvious adaptive immunity against the re‐challenged cancers, boosts the abscopal effect, and completely inhibits the pulmonary metastases. The study highlights an advanced nano‐adjuvant formulation featuring deep tumor penetration for NIR‐II‐triggered ISTV.
Novel Cerium‐Based Sulfide Nano‐Photocatalyst for Highly Efficient CO2Reduction
Authors: Zhang Hao , Ma Jiamin , Wang Siyuan , Ji Jixiang , Zeng Zhichao , Shen Zhurui , Du Yaping , Yan Chun‐Hua 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTo address the environmental crisis caused by excessive emissions of CO2, the development of effective photocatalysts for the conversion of CO2into chemicals has emerged as one of the most promising strategies. Herein, beyond those well‐studied materials, a rare‐earth sulfide‐based nanocrystal NaCeS2is fabricated and investigated for efficient and selective conversion of CO2into CO, where the role of Ce ions is crucial. Firstly, the hybridization of Ce 4f and Ce 5d orbitals contributes to the photoresponsive band structure of NaCeS2. Secondly, due to the charge rearrangement supplied by the incompletely filled 4f orbitals of Ce ions, NaCeS2exhibits excellent charge separation efficiency and CO2adsorption affinity, reducing the energy barrier for the conversion from CO2to CO. Moreover, a NaCeS2‐MoS2heterostructure is also designed to further boost the electron transfer from the Mo site to the Ce site, which results in an improvement of the catalytic reduction yield from 7.24 to 23.42 µmol g−1within 9 h (both better than TiO2controls). This work offers a platform for the development of rare‐earth‐based photocatalysts for CO2conversion.
Protein Ligand Nanopattern Size Selects for Cellular Adhesion via Hemidesmosomes over Focal Adhesions
Authors: Ghorbani Sadegh , Shahrokhtash Ali , Gautrot Julien E. , Sutherland Duncan S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHemidesmosomes (HDs) are multiprotein complexes that firmly anchor epidermal cells to the basement membrane of skin through the interconnection of the cytoplasmic intermediate filaments with extracellular laminin 332 (Ln332). Considerably less attention has been paid to HDs compared to focal complexes/focal adhesions (FC/FAs) in mechanistic single‐cell structures due to the lack of suitable in vitro model systems. Here nanopatterns of Ln332 (100–1000 nm) are created to direct and study the formation of HD in adherent HaCaT cells. It is observed that HaCaT cells at Ln 332 nanopatterns adhere via hemidesmosomes, in stark contrast to cells at homogeneous Ln332 surfaces that adhere via FC/FAs. Clustering of α6 integrin is observed at nanopatterned Ln332 of 300 nm patches and larger. Cells at 500 nm diameter patterns show strong colocalization of α6 integrin with ColXVII or pan‐cytokeratin compared to 300 nm/1000 nm indicating a threshold for HD initiation >100 nm but a pattern size selection for maturation of HDs. It is demonstrated that the pattern of Ln332 can determine the cellular selection of adhesion types with a size‐dependent initiation and maturation of HDs. The protein nanopatterning approach that is presented provides a new in vitro route to study the role of HDs in cell signaling and function.
Spontaneous Formation of Prebiotic Compartment Colonies on Hadean Earth and Pre‐Noachian Mars
Authors: Köksal Elif S. , Põldsalu Inga , Friis Henrik , Mojzsis Stephen J. , Bizzarro Martin , Gözen Irep 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by İrep Gözen group at the University of Oslo. The image shows primitive cell‐like compartments which have spontaneously emerged from a crack in rock‐forming mineral oligoclase. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/syst.202100040.
Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDCs) Heterostructures: Synthesis, Excitons and Photoelectric Properties
Authors: Fan Jianuo , Sun Mengtao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTransition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have good flexibility, light absorption, and carrier mobility, and can be used to fabricate wearable devices and photodetectors. In addition, the band gaps of these materials are adjustable, which are related to the number of stacking layers. The the material properties can be changed by vertically stacking TMDCs to form van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures. Compared with single‐layer TMDC, the vdW heterostructure has better light response and more efficient photoelectric conversion. Interlayer excitons formed in vdW heterostructure have a longer exciton lifetime and unique valley selectivity compared with intralayer excitons, which promotes the research on TMDCs materials in photoelectric field, valley electronics, carrier dynamics, etc. In this paper, the methods of synthesizing heterostructures are introduced. Photoelectric properties, valley dynamics, electronic properties and related applications of TMDCs vdW heterostructures are also discussed. Heterostructures stacked with different materials, stacking modes, and twist angles all can affect the properties. Hence, it brings more creativity and research direction to the material field.