bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metachronous Polycythemia Vera and Multiple Myeloma in an Ethiopian patient
Authors: Anbessie Zablon Mesfin , GebreEgziabher Amha Gebremedhin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction- Dual hematologic malignancies whether synchronous or metachronous are a rare finding in the hematologic literature. A retrospective review has estimated 1.5% of patients with a single hematologic malignancy will go on to develop a second hematologic malignancy. The occurrence of polycythemia vera with multiple myeloma is an even rarer finding with only 18 cases being described over the past 75 years.Case- A 52 years old male patient who was a known Jak-2 positive polycythemia vera patient on hydroxyurea and with reasonable hematologic profiles, insidiously developed severe anemia requiring transfusion, despite discontinuation of hydroxyurea. Along with the anemia the patient progressively developed fatigue, leg swelling, back pain, decreased urine output, and his creatinine increased from a baseline of 1.4mg/dl to 9mg/dl. His examination was significant for massive hepatosplenomegaly. His labs showed lytic skull bone lesions, an IgG Lambda monoclonal spike, serum calcium of 13.3mg/dl, and a 24-hour urine protein of 7g.Discussion and conclusion-We were able to demonstrate that our patient had a similar sociodemographic resemblance with prior reported cases but differed in that he had more aggressive myeloma. We advocate clinicians to have a high index of suspicion as well as an open mind for the consideration of dual hematologic malignancies during their practice.
A long-term anti-inflammation markedly alleviated high-fat diet induced obesity by repeated administrations of overexpressing IL-10 human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: Wang Liudi , Gao Tianyun , Li Yu , Xie Yuanyuan , Zeng Sheng , Tai Chenxu , Feng Yirui , Shen Pingping , Wang Bin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objectives

Obesity is a chronic process and could activate various inflammatory responses, which in turn aggravates obesity and related metabolic syndrome. Here we explored whether long-term inhibition of inflammation could successfully alleviate high-fat diet (HFD) induced obesity.
Methods

We constructed stable overexpressing interleukin 10 (IL10) human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (HUCMSCs) which repeatedly were applied to obesity mice with HFD feeding to obtain a long-term anti-inflammation based on the prominent anti-inflammation effects of IL10 and immunomodulatery effects of HUCMSCs. Then we monitored the features of obesity including body weight, serum ALT, AST, and lipids. In addition, glucose homeostasis was determined by glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity tests. The infiltrated macrophages in adipose tissues and hepatic lipid accumulation were detected and the expressions of adipogenesis and inflammatory genes in adipose tissues were examined by real time (RT)-PCR and western blot analysis.
Results

Compared with HUCMSCs, IL10-HUCMSCs treatment had much better anti-obesity effects including body weight reduction, less hepatic lipids accumulation, lower amount and size of adipocyte, greater glucose tolerance, less systemic insulin resistance, and less adipose tissue inflammation in HFD feeding mice. Finally, IL10-HUCMSCs could decrease the activation of MAPK JNK of adipose tissue induced by HFD. The inhibition of MAPK JNK signal pathway by a small chemical molecule SP600125 in 3T3-L1 cells, a preadipocyte line, reduced the differentiation of adipocytes and lipid droplet accumulation.
Conclusion

a lasting anti-inflammation based on gene modified stem cell therapy is an effective strategy in preventing diet-induced obesity and obesity-related metabolic syndrome.
Investigating the influence of the new ride-hailing policy on air quality using regression discontinuity design
Authors: Li Mengna , Pan Xiongfeng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
With the increase of the number of ride-hailing, the traffic congestion and environmentalpollution has exacerbated. A new ride-hailing policy was formed as a means of administrative control to improve the negative externality. However, the improvement of air quality caused by the new ride-hailing policy has not been effectively verified. This study employed regression discontinuity design (RDD) to explore the causal relationship between the air quality in Beijing and the new ride-hailing policy to reduce the endogeneity problems. The main results show that the implementation of the new policy reduces air quality index (AQI), particulate matter 10(PM10), and ozone(O3) by 14%, 12%, and 16%, respectively in the OLS regression analysis. After applying the RDD, this study found that the implementation of the new policy reduced AQI, PM10, and O3 by 43%, 30%, and 42%. The regression value of regression discontinuity was higher than that of OLS. Additionally, the robustness test reveals that RDD is reasonable. The findings suggest that the implementation of the new ride-hailing policy exerts an improvement effect on air quality. Policy implications to further promote the new ride-hailing policy are hence discussed.
Modified Analytical Result of Catharanthus Roseus by Using PIXE Through Complementary Techniques
Authors: Satyanarayana Avupati Venkata Surya , Guru Tharividi Venkata Siva Parvathi Veera Satya 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Catharanthus roseus is a medicinal and herbal plant that has been studied extensively for its biological effects on the metabolic and immunological systems, as well as human health. Using various analytical techniques, the concentrations of the elements in Catharanthus roseus vary. Proton-induced x-ray emission with a 2-3 MeV energy apparatus with a Si (Li) detector was used to identify the important major, minor, and traces for the study, which had good sensitivity, selectivity, and reduced detection limits with correct results. The C. Roses plant includes an abundance of vital components and minerals, according to the results of the analysis. Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Br, and Sr were all investigated in substantial amounts. However, when compared to other complementary analytical techniques, elements with low Z, such as Na, Mg, Al, P, and S, and with a medium Z, such as Sc, Se, Cr, and Co, as well as high Z, such as Cd, Rb, Ba, Pb, and U were not identified through improper and overlaps analysis of the PIXE spectrum. As a result, the reasons for the analysis of the non-detected elements should be evaluated, and the results should be finalized using other C. roseus complementary analytical procedures.
Respiratory Viral Infections in Cancer Patients: Epidemiological, Clinical and Cost-Effective Study from a Developing Country
Authors: Bansal Nitin , Sachdeva Neelam , Bhurani Dinesh , Kapoor Gauri , Yadav Pinky , Goyal Sumit , Talwar Vineet , Batra Ullas 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Diagnosis of respiratory viral pathogens can lead to therapeutic changes, improvement in infection control practices and reduction in use of antibiotics. Methods: This is a retrospective study which looked into the case records of patients (June 2020-Dec 2021) who were diagnosed with a respiratory viral infection. Demographic, clinical and antibiotic prescription patterns of these patients were studied. Inter-group analysis was done between antibiotic de-escalation cohort and non-descalation cohort. Results: Total of 57 patients were identified with median age of 40 years (range: 3-68), out of which 38 (66.6%) were males. Hematological malignancies were present in 45 (78.9%) of patients, whereas 14 (24.5%) patients were stem cell transplant recipients. Severe neutropenia was seen in 32 (56.1%) patients with median duration of neutropenia of 7 (range 5-20) days. RSV (36.8%) was the most common virus detected followed by rhinovirus (19.3%) and influenza (19.3%). Antibiotic de-escalation was done in 33 (57.8%) of patients and in 13 (22.8%) bacterial co-infection was diagnosed. More than 3/4th patients were shifted to isolation and nearly 9000 INR per patient were saved by de-escalation of antibiotics. Death occurred in 4 (7.0%) patients. On inter-group analysis, non-de-escalation cohort had longer length of stay (10 vs 3 days; p =0.005), no antibiotic cost reduction (0 vs 9620; p=0.0003), higher mortality (16.6% vs 0%; p =0.01) & higher rhinovirus detection rates (41.6% vs 3%; p=0.0002).Conclusion: Diagnosis of respiratory viral infection helped in improving antibiotic stewardship and infection control practices.
Discovery of Polar Semiconducting Scandium Nitride as an Infrared Plasmon and Phonon-Polaritonic Material
Authors: Maurya Krishna , Rao Dheemahi , Acharya Shashidhara , Rao Pavithra Rao , Pillai Ashalatha , Selvaraja Shankar , Garbrecht Magnus , Saha Bivas 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Interaction of light with collective charge oscillations termed as plasmon-polariton and with polar lattice vibrations termed phonon-polariton is a new frontier in nano-photonics. Traditionally doped-semiconductors and conducting metal oxides (CMO) are used to achieve plasmon-polaritons in the near-to-mid infrared (IR), while polar dielectrics are utilized for realizing phonon-polaritons in the long-wavelength IR (LWIR) spectral regions. However, demonstrating plasmon- and phonon-polariton in one host material with low-loss is challenging due to the mutually conflicting physical property requirements. In this article, we demonstrate high-quality tunable short-wavelength IR (SWIR) plasmon-polariton and LWIR phonon-polariton in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatible group III-V polar semiconducting scandium nitride (ScN) thin films. We achieve both resonances by utilizing n-type (oxygen) and p-type (magnesium) doping in ScN that allows modulation of carrier concentration from 5 × 1018 to 1.6 × 1021 cm-3. Our work enables infrared nano-photonics with an epitaxial group-III semiconducting nitride, opening the possibility for practical applications.
Checkerboard solid of dipolar excitons in a two-dimensional lattice
Authors: Dubin Francois , Lagoin Camille , Bhattacharya Utso , Grass Tobias , Chhajlany Ravi , Salomon Tymek , Baldwin Kirk , Pfeiffer Loren , Lewenstein Maciej , Holzmann Markus 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The Hubbard model constitutes one of the most celebrated theoretical frameworks of condensed-matter physics. It describes strongly correlated phases of interacting quantum particles confined in a lattice potential. For bosons, in the last two decades the Hubbard Hamiltonian has been deeply scrutinised in the regime of short-range on-site interactions. On the other hand, extensions to longer-range off-site couplings between neighbouring lattice sites have remained mostly elusive experimentally. Entering this regime constitutes a well identified research frontier where quantum matter phases can spontaneously break the lattice symmetry. Here we unveil one of such phases, precisely the long-sought-after checkerboard solid. It is accessed by confining semiconductors dipolar excitons in a two-dimensional square lattice. The exciton checkerboard is signalled by a strongly minimised compressibility at half-filling of the lattice sites, in quantitative agreement with theoretical expectations. Our observations thus highlight that dipolar excitons enable controlled implementations of extended Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonians.
Diagnostic Pharmacokinetics: how brain-derived biomarkers distribute through the human body, and how this affects their diagnostic significance - the case of S100B
Authors: Murcko Robert , Marchi Nicola , Bailey Damian , Janigro Damir 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Blood biomarkers of neurological diseases are often employed to rule out or confirm the presence of significant intracranial or cerebrovascular pathology or for the differential diagnosis of conditions with similar presentations (e.g., hemorrhagic vs. embolic stroke). More widespread utilization of biomarkers related to brain health is hampered by our incomplete understanding of the kinetic properties, release patterns, and excretion of molecules derived from the brain. This is, in particular, true for S100B, an astrocyte-derived protein released across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). We developed an open-source pharmacokinetic computer model that allows investigations of a biomarker’s movement across the body, the sources of a biomarker’s release, and its elimination. This model was derived from a general in silico model of drug pharmacokinetics adapted for protein biomarkers. We improved the model's predictive value by adding realistic blood flow values, organ levels of S100B, lymphatic and glymphatic circulation, and glomerular filtration for excretion in urine. Three key variables control biomarker levels in blood or saliva: blood-brain barrier permeability, the S100B partition into peripheral organs, and the cellular levels of S100B in astrocytes. A small contribution to steady-state levels of glymphatic drainage was also observed; this mechanism contributed to the uptake of organs of circulating S100B. Additionally, this open-source model can also mimic the kinetic behavior of other markers, such as GFAP or NF-L. Our results show that S100B, after uptake by various organs from the systemic circulation, can be released back into systemic fluids at levels that do not significantly affect the clinical significance of venous blood or salivary levels after an episode of BBB disruption.
Impact of Risk Perception on Trust in Government and Self-Efficiency During COVID-19 pandemic: Does Social Media Content Help Users Adopt Preventative Measures?
Authors: Hassan Mohammed Salah , Halbusi Hussam Al , Najem Ali , Razali Asbah , Williams Kent A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The public’s actions will likely have a significant effect on the course of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Human behavior is conditioned and shaped by information and people’s perceptions. This study investigated the impact of risk perception on trust in government and self-efficacy. It examined whether the use of social media helped people adopt preventive actions during the pandemic. To test this hypothesis, the researchers gathered data from 512 individuals (students and academics) based in Malaysia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results suggested that risk perception had a significant effect on trust in government and self-efficacy. Moreover, these correlations were stronger when social media was used as a source for gathering information on COVID-19. In some cases, it even helped users avoid exposure to the virus. This study assessed the relationship between risk perception and the awareness gained from using social media during the pandemic and highlighted how social media usage influences trust in government and self-efficacy.
Linking ecohydraulic simulation and optimization system for mitigating economic and environmental losses of reservoirs
Authors: Sedighkia Mahdi , Datta Bithin , Fathi Zeynab 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBalancing the benefits and environmental degradations of the reservoirs is a challenging issue in the reservoir management. The present study proposes and evaluates an integrated framework to optimize reservoir operation in which hydropower loss and economic loss of irrigation supply are minimized while ecological degradations at downstream river are alleviated. The ecohydraulic simulation was utilized in the structure of the reservoir operation optimization. Reservoir operation losses and environmental degradations were minimized in three hydrological conditions including dry years, normal years and wet years. Moreover, the cropping pattern optimization was applied to mitigate the economic loss of irrigation supply as the main responsibility of the reservoir in the study area. Particle swarm optimization was applied in the reservoir operation optimization. Based on the results in the case study, reliability indices of hydropower production and farmers’ revenue are 15–25 and 30–60%, respectively. Moreover, the physical habitat loss is considerably reduced in all hydrologic conditions by proposing optimal environmental flow. The proposed method is able to provide a fair balance between downstream environmental degradations and economic benefits of the reservoir including farmers’ revenue and hydropower production. Low computational complexities are the most important strength point for the developed model.
The effect of three types of aquatic plants on water purification and removal of cadmium under different salinity conditions in northwestern Iran
Authors: Sufian Jafar , Golchin Ahmad , Avanes Armen , Moradi Salahedin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Phytoremediation is a high-performance and cost-effective approach to clean up contaminated water. This study aimed to investigate the rate of cadmium (Cd) uptake and changes in absorption of other elements using different plants at different cadmium concentrations under salinity conditions. This study was performed as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications at Zanjan University located in northwestern Iran. For this purpose, three aquatic plants, Azolla Caroliniana, Watercress, and Duckweed, were used. In these experiments, different levels of Cd (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg L−1) in the nutrient solution as well as different NaCl concentrations (0, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mM L−1) were employed. After producing nutrient solutions with salinity and different Cd concentrations, three plants were grown in them for 30 days. The absorption of different elements such as Cd, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and Na was measured in the plants. The results showed that the studied plants absorbed high concentrations of Cd. It was also concluded that the salinity of nutrient solution directly relates to Cd concentration in the plant tissues. The highest concentration of Cd in Azolla Caroliniana in 40 mg Cd and 80 mM NaCl was obtained with an average of 3,470.8 mg kg−1. In general, the results showed that the use of all three plants is suitable for purifying Cd-contaminated water.
Modeling and optimization of process parametric interaction during high-rate anaerobic digestion of recycled paper mill wastewater using the response surface methodology
Authors: Zwain Haider M. , Barghash Hind , Vakili Mohammadtaghi , Sh. Majdi Hasan , Dahlan Irvan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study carried out the anaerobic digestion of recycled paper mill wastewater (RPMW) in a high-rate novel anaerobic baffled reactor. The parametric interaction between influent chemical oxygen demand (CODin) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) was modeled, and process responses were optimized by the response surface methodology (RSM) using a three-level factorial design. The results showed that the optimal condition was determined at CODin of 4,000 mg/L and HRT of 2 days and predicted values for COD removal, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) removal, lignin removal, CH4 content, and CH4 production were found to be 94%, 98%, 68%, 85%, and 20.8 L CH4/d, respectively. According to the statistical analysis of the RSM, all models were significant with very low probability values (from 0.0045 to &lt;0.0001). The parametric interaction showed that increasing the CODin positively influenced the COD, BOD, and lignin removal efficiencies, effluent alkalinity, and methane content and production but was unfavorable for pH and effluent volatile fatty acid (VFA). Shortening the HRT negatively affected the COD, BOD, and lignin removal efficiencies, pH level, alkalinity, and methane content and production, and increased the VFA effluent concentration. The optimal conditions were established at 4,000 mg/L COD and HRT of 2 days, corresponding to the predicted COD, BOD, and lignin removal efficiencies of 91, 98, and 71%, respectively, whereas 28 mg/L of VFA and 0.125 L of CH4/g CODremoved were generated.
An evolution of statistical pipe failure models for drinking water networks: a targeted review
Authors: Barton N. A. , Hallett S. H. , Jude S. R. , Tran T. H. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe use of statistical models to predict pipe failures has become an important tool for proactive management of drinking water networks. This targeted review provides an overview of the evolution of existing statistical models, grouped into three categories: deterministic, probabilistic and machine learning. The main advantage of deterministic models is simplicity and relatively minimal data requirements. Deterministic models predicting failure rates for the network or large groups of pipes perform well. These models are also useful for shorter prediction intervals that describe the influences of seasonality. Probabilistic models can accommodate randomness and are useful for predicting time-to-failure, interarrival times and the probability of failure. Probability models are useful for individual pipe models. Generally, machine learning approaches describe large complex data more accurately and can improve predictions for individual pipe failure models yet is complex and requires expert knowledge. Non-parametric models are better suited to the non-linear relationships between pipe failure variables. Census data and socio-economic data require further research. Choosing the most appropriate statistical model requires careful consideration of the type of variables, prediction interval, spatial level, response type and level of inference required.
An Update on the Synthesis and Pharmacological Properties of Pyrazoles Obtained
from Chalcone
Authors: Queiroz Jaqueline E. , Dias Lucas D. , Verde Giuliana M. Vila , Aquino Gilberto L.B. , Camargo Ademir J. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
A review concerning the synthesis and pharmacological properties of pyrazoles
obtained from Chalcone described in the literature over the last 5 years (2016-2020) was presented
and discussed. Among the synthetic approaches for pyrazoles described so far, the
cyclization and acetylation method of α,β-unsaturated chalcones, and substituted hydrazine
were selected and analyzed. 105 pyrazole derivatives (3-107) were evaluated as well as their
pharmacological activities, namely, antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial,
antifungal, antimycobacterial, antiplasmodial, Alzheimer's disease, enzymes inhibition
(like acetylcholinesterase, carbonic anhydrase, and malonyl CoA decarboxylase), anticonvulsant,
among others. Pyrazolic compounds are widely used in the design of the new drug with
a wide spectrum of pharmacological approaches. Therefore, it is relevant to research the synthetic
methods and therapeutic properties of different pyrazole derivatives.