bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gendered, embodied knowledge within a Welsh agricultural context and the importance of listening to farmers in the rewilding debate
Authors: Jones Ffion 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper uses key ideas developed from practice‐led research to explore the division between the land management approaches of rewilding and the embodied and gendered knowledge and practices of upland sheep farmers in an area of Wales known as the Cambrian Mountains. Such knowledge, I argue, is developed through a haptic, temporal, hybrid and complex engagement with the land and environment of the farm and this, in turn, defines the nature of farming identities. In contrast, rewilding, as discussed in the paper's exploration of Rewilding Britain's 10,000‐hectare rewilding project in the Cambrian Mountains in 2018, is perceived as a challenge to these practices; a threat not only to farm livelihoods, but also to the hybrid construction of masculine identities. Due to the embedded nature of my relationship with the subject material of my art work and research, Donna Haraway's term “situated knowledge” is used to address how my art practice and research is always situated, partial, incomplete, hybrid and defined by my gendered subjectivity within the patriarchal world of my farming community. This article argues that part of the failure of Rewilding Britain to establish their project within the Cambrian Mountain area relates to an underappreciation of the importance of situated knowledge, and that within the context of the polarising ideas of rewilding, sensitivity, and the need to listen to embodied, situated, agricultural knowledge and practice, should be taken seriously.
Mapping hegemony in geography: A historical perspective from the periphery
Authors: Bekaroğlu Erdem , Yazan Suat 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOne of the ongoing debates in geography in the last quarter‐century has been on the Anglo‐American hegemony in the discipline. In the present study, the historicity of geographical practice in Turkey as a periphery country is focused on, and it is aimed to determine how hegemonic relations in geography are felt by the geographical agenda of a typical periphery country. For this purpose, a database was created based on citations to non‐Turkish geographers (with regard to their workplaces) in the articles published in all academic geography journals in Turkey between the years 1943 and 2018. Analysis shows that multiple hegemonies are present in Turkish geography. While French and German geographical practices dominated the ‘long twentieth century’ of the discipline in Turkey as standard‐setting and emulated practices, the twenty‐first century has been dominated by Anglo‐American hegemony, which serves as the governor of capitalist relations and unguided internationalisation in the academy. This pattern, which also reflects a sharp intellectual transformation in Turkish geography, provides a striking example of how localisation (Anglo‐Americanisation) can occur in line with internationalisation goals.
Somatostatin receptor ligands suppressed proliferation and lipogenesis in 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes
Authors: Zhao Zhe , Gong Fengying , Duan Lian , Lv Xiaorui , Wu Haijie , Tang Yan , Zhu Huijuan , Chen Xiaoguang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSomatostatin and its analogues, known as somatostatin receptor ligands (SRLs), have been reported to attenuate weight gain in some clinical settings. However, their direct effects on preadipocytes are barely investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of SRLs on preadipocytes and to further explore the potential mechanisms. Cell Counting Kit‐8 assay, Oil Red O staining, triglyceride contents measurements, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot were used to investigate the effects of SRLs on preadipocytes. We found that three SRLs (octreotide, TT232 and pasireotide) inhibited cell viability after 8–48 h but not 4 h. Further western blot results showed that they significantly suppressed activation of PI3K/Akt pathway. Besides, lipid accumulation was also significantly inhibited by these SRLs. Moreover, mRNA levels of some critical adipogenic markers, including Pparg, Cebpa, Fasn, Fabp4, Acaca and Lpl, were downregulated by the treatments of all these SRLs. Consistently, the protein expression of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) was also suppressed by SRLs. SRLs inhibit the proliferation and lipogenesis in preadipocytes. Their inhibitory effects on cell proliferation may be mediated by the downregulated PI3K/Akt pathway, and the suppressive actions on lipogenesis may be related to the decreased PPARγ and C/EBPα expression.
A biomarker signature to predict complete response to itacitinib and corticosteroids in acute graft‐versus‐host disease
Authors: Pratta Michael , Paczesny Sophie , Socie Gerard , Barkey Natalie , Liu Hao , Owens Sherry , Arbushites Michael C. , Schroeder Mark A. , Howell Michael D. 
Published: June 2022

SummaryA broad proteomic analysis was conducted to identify and evaluate candidate biomarkers potentially predictive of response to treatment with an oral selective Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) inhibitor, itacitinib, in acute graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD). Plasma samples from 25 participants (identification cohort; NCT02614612) were used to identify novel biomarkers that were tested in a validation cohort from a placebo‐controlled, randomised trial (n = 210; NCT03139604). The identification cohort received corticosteroids plus 200 or 300 mg itacitinib once daily. The validation cohort received corticosteroids plus 200 mg itacitinib once daily or placebo. A broad proteomic analysis was conducted using a proximity extension assay. Baseline and longitudinal comparisons were performed with unpairedt‐test and one‐way analysis of variance used to evaluate biomarker level changes. Seven candidate biomarkers were identified. Monocyte‐chemotactic protein (MCP)3, pro‐calcitonin/calcitonin (ProCALCA/CALCA), together with a previously identified prognostic acute GVHD biomarker, regenerating islet‐derived protein (REG)3A, stratified complete responders from non‐responders (participants with progressive disease) to itacitinib, but not placebo, potentially representing predictive biomarkers of itacitinib in acute GVHD. ProCALCA/CALCA, suppressor of tumorigenicity (ST)2, and tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)1 were significantly reduced over time by itacitinib in responders, potentially representing response‐to‐treatment biomarkers. Novel biomarkers have the potential to identify patients with acute GVHD that may respond to itacitinib plus corticosteroid treatment (NCT02614612; NCT03139604).
Acute extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy for ureteric stones – 7‐years’ experience from a busy district general hospital
Authors: Young Matthew J. , Pang Karl H. , Elmussarah Muhammad , Hughes Paul F. , Browning Anthony J. , Symons Stephanie J. 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesTo demonstrate the efficacy and cost‐effectiveness of acute extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) for ureteric stones we present our experience of ESWL in 530 ureteric stone cases, in the largest UK series we are aware of to date. ESWL is underutilised in ureteric stone management. The Getting It Right First Time (GIRFT) report showed just four units nationally treated >10% of acute ureteric stones with ESWL. Despite guideline recommendations as a first‐line treatment option, few large volume studies have been published.Patients and MethodsRetrospective review of prospectively collected data between December 2012 and February 2020 was performed. Data relating to patient demographics, stone characteristics, skin‐to‐stone distance, and treatment failure were collected. Cost analysis was conducted by the Trust’s surgical financial manager. Multivariable analyses were performed to assess for predictors of ESWL success.ResultsA success rate of 68% (95% confidence interval 64%–72%) at 6 weeks was observed (n = 530). The median (interquartile range) number of treatment sessions was 2 (1, 2). Stone diameter was observed to be a predictor of ESWL success. The small number of stones treated of >13 mm or >1250 HU had an ~50% chance of successful treatment. Acute ureteric ESWL was less costly than acute ureterorenoscopy, consistent with findings from previous NHS studies.ConclusionAcute ESWL is a safe, reliable, and financially viable treatment option for a wider spectrum of patients than reflected in international guidelines based on our large, heterogenous series. In the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) era, with theatre access reduced and concerns over aerosol generating procedures, acute ESWL remains an attractive first‐line treatment option.
Comprehensive review of the use of hydrogel spacers prior to radiation therapy for prostate cancer
Authors: Harvey Michael , Ong Wee Loon , Chao Michael , Udovicich Cristian , McBride Sean , Bolton Damien , Eastham James , Perera Marlon 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesTo provide a comprehensive narrative review of the published data on the impact of hydrogel spacers on rectal dosimetry and toxicity and to outline the practicalities of inserting hydrogel spacers.ResultsA growing body of evidence suggests that the administration of hydrogel spacers is safe and is associated with limited peri‐operative morbidity. The impact on rectal dosimetry has been clearly established and use of hydrogel spacers is associated with reduced rectal morbidity. These results have been corroborated by several Phase II and III clinical trials and subsequent meta‐analysis. There are several areas for future research, including the role of hydrogel spacers in prostate stereotactic beam radiotherapy and post‐radiotherapy local recurrence.ConclusionsHydrogel spacers provide a low‐morbidity method to potential reduce rectal toxicity after radiation therapy in men with prostate cancer. Data outlining sexual function and oncological outcomes are limited to date. Future studies, currently being conducted, may provide further clarification of the role of hydrogel spacers in prostate cancer management.
Intelligent computation offloading for educational virtual reality applications in smart campus using MoCell
Authors: Liu Peichen , Peng Kai , Tao Peng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNowadays, as the smart campus concept becomes a reality, virtual reality (VR) applications are being applied to connect students with the virtual teaching world via VR devices (VDs), enhancing learning efficiency. Nevertheless, VR applications are latency‐sensitive while VDs are subjected to shortcomings to handle many VR applications simultaneously. Fortunately, mobile edge computing (MEC) has been recognized as a promising solution that can bring abundant resources to VDs to relieve hardware limits. However, the computing resources of edge nodes in MEC are limited, and thus how to allocate resources effectively is critical. Meanwhile, some sensitive information of students collected by VD needs to be protected. In view of this, we investigate computation offloading for educational VR applications in MEC‐enabled smart campus. The aims of this issue are to optimize the motion‐to‐photon latency, energy consumption, and resource utilization while satisfying the privacy and security constraints. To this end, we propose a new multi‐objective optimization method using MoCell. Eventually, the experimental evaluations are designed to illustrate the effectiveness and superiority our proposed method.
One‐year immunologic outcomes of lung transplantation utilizing hepatitis C‐viremic donors
Authors: Lewis Tyler C. , Lesko Melissa , Rudym Darya , Lonze Bonnie E. , Mangiola Massimo , Natalini Jake G. , Chan Justin C.Y. , Chang Stephanie H. , Angel Luis F. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLittle is known about the effects of hepatitis C viremia on immunologic outcomes in the era of direct‐acting antivirals. We conducted a prospective, single‐arm trial of lung transplantation from hepatitis C‐infected donors into hepatitis C‐naïve recipients (n = 21). Recipients were initiated on glecaprevir‐pibrentasvir immediately post‐transplant and were continued on therapy for a total of 8 weeks. A control group of recipients of hepatitis C‐negative lungs were matched 1:1 on baseline variables (n = 21). The primary outcome was the frequency of acute cellular rejection over 1‐year post‐transplant. Treatment with glecaprevir‐pibrentasvir was well tolerated and resulted in viremia clearance after a median of 16 days of therapy (IQR 10–24 days). At one year, there was no difference in incidence of acute cellular rejection (71.4% vs. 85.7%, P = .17) or rejection requiring treatment (33.3% vs. 57.1%, P = .12). Mean cumulative acute rejection scores were similar between groups (.46 [SD ± .53] vs. .52 [SD ± .37], P = .67). Receipt of HCV+ organs was not associated with acute rejection on unadjusted Cox regression analysis (HR .55, 95% CI .28‐1.11, P = .09), or when adjusted for risk factors known to be associated with acute rejection (HR .57, 95% CI .27‐1.21, P = .14). Utilization of hepatitis C infected lungs with immediate treatment leads to equivalent immunologic outcomes at 1 year.
Umbilical metastasis as an initial presentation of gastrointestinal stromal tumour diagnosed on aspiration cytology
Authors: Kundu Reetu , Iangngap Elgiva , Bhujade Harish , Dey Pranab 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUmbilical metastasis is a rare event, with a majority being adenocarcinomas. Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, lymphoma, melanoma, and rarely malignant mesenchymal tumours like leiomyosarcoma can occur as umbilical nodules. These often emerge during a known malignancy, but once in a while they may be an initial presentation of an undetected tumour. An extensive literature search failed to reveal a case of gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) with umbilical metastasis as an initial presentation. We believe that this is an exceptional phenomenon. The diagnosis may easily be missed considering the rarity of this occurrence. A history of primary diagnosis of GIST, when available, is helpful. Here we present cytological findings of metastatic GIST presenting as an umbilical lump, where the diagnosis was reached with the help of limited immunocytochemistry. A timely diagnosis is valuable for locating the primary and initiating surgical management, which may have survival benefits for the patient.
Predictive modeling of suicidal ideation in patients with epilepsy
Authors: Nemesure Matthew D. , Streltzov Nicholas , Schommer Lindsay M. , Lekkas Damien , Jacobson Nicholas C. , Bujarski Krzysztof A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe prevalence of suicide in the United States has seen an increasing trend and is responsible for 1.6% of all mortality nationwide. Although suicide has the potential to broadly impact the entire population, it has a substantially increased prevalence in persons with epilepsy (PWE), despite many of these individuals consistently seeing a health care provider. The goal of this work is to predict the development of suicidal ideation (SI) in PWE using machine learning methodology such that providers can be better prepared to address suicidality at visits where it is likely to be prominent.MethodsThe current study leverages data collected at an epilepsy clinic during patient visits to predict whether an individual will exhibit SI at their next visit. The data used for prediction consisted of patient responses to questions about the severity of their epilepsy, issues with memory/concentration, somatic problems, markers for mental health, and demographic information. A machine learning approach was then applied to predict whether an individual would display SI at their following visit using only data collected at the prior visit.ResultsThe modeling approach allowed for the successful prediction of an individual's passive and active SI severity at the following visit (r = .42, r = .39) as well as the presence of SI regardless of severity (area under the curve [AUC] = .82, AUC = .8). This shows that the model was successfully able to synthesize the unique combination of an individual's responses to important questions during a clinical visit and utilize that information to indicate whether that individual will exhibit SI at their next visit.SignificanceThe results of this modeling approach allow the health care team to be prepared, in advance of a clinical visit, for the potential reporting of SI. By allowing the necessary support to be prepared ahead of time, it can be better integrated at the point of care, where patients are most likely to follow up on potential referrals or treatment.
Rural–urban migration, family arrangement, and children's welfare: Evidence from China's rural areas
Authors: Wei Lili , Yang Ying , Zhang Jing , Si Lijuan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to analyze the impact of different migration arrangements on child welfare.BackgroundWith the rapid economic development in China, large numbers of migrants are moving to metropolitan areas in search of better jobs. They are faced with the dilemma of whether to leave their children behind in the countryside due to various socioeconomic factors.MethodA total of 1005 children with migrant parents and 532 children with nonimmigrant parents were included. An order logit method was used to estimate the impact of family arrangements on child welfare by using China Family Panel Survey Database 2016. To control for the initial heterogeneity of individual, family, and regional characteristics, propensity score matching was used.ResultsThe findings revealed that the types of family arrangement were complicated, with 66.2% of migrant children in the city with their parents and 74.1% of children were left behind in the rural area. Children who migrate to the city with their parents had significantly greater improvement in their math and Chinese grades, overall school performance, and better physical health than left‐behind children. The impact of family arrangements on mental health was not statistically significant. The impact of migration was more pronounced for children under 12 years of age.ConclusionParents' migration decisions have significant implications for child's welfare. The presence of parents and better educational and medical resources are conducive to school performance and physical health for children. The impact of life circumstances and social identity on child's psychological health needs closer attention.ImplicationsRelaxing the household registration system, making policy adjustments that aim to improve the standard of living in places where migrants relocate, and providing conditions for integration are positive, significant steps that could be taken to promote the physical and mental health of both left‐behind and migrant children.
Not alone: Family experiences across the life course of single, baby boom sexual‐minority women
Authors: Lavender‐Stott Erin S. , Allen Katherine R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveAs older LGBTQ+ people are less likely to be married than non‐LGBTQ+ peers and historically may have been disconnected from their families of origin, the aim of this study was to understand the family life of single sexual minority women of the baby boom cohort throughout their lives.BackgroundSinglehood, in general, has meant not being in a heterosexual—or legally recognized—relationship; thus women in same‐sex relationships historically were considered single. As women gained more rights, single and lesbian, bisexual, and queer women have gained opportunities to live outside heterosexual marriage, financially and with regard to social acceptability. Women of the baby boom cohort, born between 1946 and 1964, came of age during this societal shift.MethodFramed by feminist and life course perspectives, this study was qualitative, used semistructured interviews, and was guided by a constructivist paradigm and thematic analysis to understand how 13 older sexual minority women perceived family.FindingsThe women noted their connection to family of origin, then romantic relationships and partners, and currently, identify family as including biological, adopted, and chosen kin.ConclusionSingle LBQ women of the baby boom cohort have relational resources through friends as family, biological kin, legal kin, and creating community.ImplicationsMore expansive understandings of family, including chosen family and invisible kin, comprise the support networks of older women who have lived outside heteronormativity.
Thirteen novel ideas and underutilised resources to support progress towards a range‐wide American eel stock assessment
Authors: Cairns David K. , Benchetrit José , Bernatchez Louis , Bornarel Virginie , Casselman John M. , Castonguay Martin , Charsley Anthony R. , Dorow Malte , Drouineau Hilaire , Frankowski Jens , Haro Alex , Hoyle Simon D. , Knickle D. Craig , Koops Marten A. , Poirier Luke A. , Thorson James T. , Young John , Zhu Xinhua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA robust assessment of the American eel (Anguilla rostrata) stock, required to guide conservation efforts, is challenged by the species’ vast range, high variability in demographic parameters and data inadequacies. Novel ideas and underutilised resources that may assist both analytic assessments and spatially oriented modelling include (1) species and environmental databases; (2) mining of data from scattered sources; (3) infilling of data gaps by spatial analysis; (4) age estimation from measurements of DNA methylation; evaluation of eel abundance by (5) larval, (6) glass‐bottom boat, (7) net enclosure and (8) eDNA surveys; (9) accounting for dam‐induced habitat increases in eel watercourse modelling; (10) spatially oriented modelling with and without temporal components; (11) geographically nested modelling of glass eel recruitment; (12) spawner per recruit modelling and (13) life cycle modelling to examine larval allocation effects. Eel biologists are too few to gather the required assessment data across all of the species’ range. Public posting of electrofishing and eDNA metabarcoding data sets and the use of machine learning techniques to comprehensively inventory small dams will help meet some data needs. These approaches address only a small proportion of the assessment challenges that face American eels. Worldwide collaboration amongst Anguilla scientists is a key enabler of progress towards stock assessment goals.