bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reply to Peter E. Vedder, "Self-Directedness and the Human Good" (Fall 2007): Defending Norms of Liberty
Authors: Den Uyl Douglas J. , Rasmussen Douglas B. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This essay is a response to Peter E. Vedder's Fall 2007 review of the authors' book, Norms of Liberty: A Perfectionist Basis for Non-Perfectionist Politics. Vedder argues that the authors 1) have a Kantian notion of self-directedness, and 2) are inconsistent in the application of their philosophical anthropology to their view of political liberty. In denying both claims, the authors assert that Vedder both fails to define certain terms and holds them to positions they do not accept.
Ronald E. Merrill and the Discovery of Ayn Rand's Nietzschean Period
Authors: Reed Adam 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In scientific and technological journals, it is customary to include in the first special issue on a mature invention or discovery a traditionally informal, first-person memoir of how the invention or discovery came about. Because Ronald E. Merrill died of myeloma in 1998, Reed has written an inevitably second-hand account of his discovery of Nietzsche's influence on the young Ayn Rand, and of the subsequent intellectual history of this discovery.
Prometheus: Ayn Rand's Ethic of Creation
Authors: Montmarquet James 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Like Prometheus, Ayn Rand's heroes would seem valuable much less for what they do for themselves, than for others. I argue, first, however, that the ethical scheme implied by her treatment of these figures is properly classed as neither "egoist" nor "altruist,"for the value invested by the creator in his creation eludes both views. A more satisfactory Randian ethic of creation, it becomes clear, must involve a distinction between Nietzschean "self-reverence" versus mere "self-interest" and, much more substantially, Aristotle's distinction between those in whom "self-love" is good and those in whom it is not.
A Political Standard for Absolute Political Freedom
Authors: Hartford Robert 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper derives political freedoms from the ethics of egoism, demonstrates the equivalence of absolute political freedom and Liberty, and advocates absolute political freedom as a moral ideal. Protection of voluntary consent along an individual's entire politically legitimate valuing chain provides a standard for identifying political freedoms. Actions meeting the standard are political freedoms. Actions violating the standard are violations of political freedom. As a political standard, protection of voluntary consent is presented as superior to either the non-initiation of force or the non-aggression axiom.
Objectivism and Christianity
Authors: Dent Eric B. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The two primary philosophies upholding reason today are Objectivism and Christianity. They may seem like strange bedfellows, but many of the large perceived gaps between them disappear upon close inspection. This paper analyzes five areas (creation; tabula rasa; life as the ultimate standard; romantic love, sex and marriage; and altruism and the trader principle) in which Objectivist philosophy can be enhanced by assuming Christian philosophical axioms. The argument focuses on Christianity as a philosophy and intentionally does not assume a transcendent God. In each case, the Christian philosophical axioms are more realistic and better supported empirically than the Objectivist axioms.
The Sim-Dif Model and Comparison
Authors: Jetton Merlin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This article presents a new conceptual or categorization model. It will be compared to a similar but simpler model. The models are given in the form of Venn diagrams. The model and examples using are explored to illuminate the role of similarities and differences in concept formation, which is sometimes complex. It explores abstraction, conceptual change by children and in science, and similarity metrics. It proposes that comparison is the basic act of thought.
The Logic of Liberty: Aristotle, Ayn Rand, and the Logical Structure of the Political Spectrum
Authors: Bissell Roger E. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Analyzing various false alternatives using a technique based on Aristotle's Law of Ex eluded Middle, the author show s how a system of individual rights and laissez-faire capitalism relates logically to other politico-economic systems and ideologies. He gives special attention to Nolan's two-dimensional diagram of the political spectrum, Rand's critique of conservatism and liberalism, and Rothbard's work on the historical phenomenon of Salutary Neglect and its relationship to fascism, socialism, and laissez-faire. The author also assesses current prospects for liberty, as reflected in such policies as Obamacare and education vouchers.
A Defense of Rothbardian Ethics via a Mediation of Hoppe and Rand
Authors: Share Cade 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper will provide Murray N. Rothbard's "ethics of liberty" with a greater theoretical cogency and ultimately validateits natural law underpinnings. This can be achieved via a mediation of Hans-Herrmann Hoppe's praxeological argumentation ethics and Ayn Rand's Objectivist teleologjcal/Objectivist theory of ethics. Synthesizing these two disparate schools of epistemology provides a metaethic or praxeological/Objectivist epistemology that considerably strengthens and ultimately validates the central axioms of the Rothbardian natural law project on both rational and moral grounds.
Expanding Boards, Expanding Horizons
Authors: Sciabarra Chris Matthew 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Beginning in 2013, Pennsylvania State University Press will manage design, production, distribution, and subscription fulfillment, in both print and online editions, of The Journal of Rand Studies. This enterprise requires an expansion of the journal's editorial and advisory boards. The Editorial Board— Stephen Cox, Roderick Long, and Chris Sciabarra—welcomes Robert Campbell, while the Board of Advisors welcomes six new members, reflecting its growing interdisciplinary and global reach: David Beito, Peter Boettke, Susan Love Brown, Hannes Gissurarson, Steven Horwitz, and David Mayer, who join founding board members Douglas Den Uyl, Mimi Gladstein, Robert Hessen, Lester Hunt, Eric Mack, and Douglas Rasmussen.
Private War: Objectivist Political Philosophy and the Privatization of Military Force
Authors: van Wetten Martin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This article focuses on the recent work of James Pattison, who raises questions about the ethical justification of using private military forces in waging war. Objectivists argue that the State has a legal monopoly over the use of force; they reject privatization of military force as leading to anarchism or crony capitalism. However, this essay argues that Objectivism should accept the privatization of the military business and that Objectivism can overcome the profitmotive and right intention objections that Pattison lays out. Privatization entails neither anarchism nor crony capitalism.
Assessment of Echocardiography-Derived Total Atrial Activation Time at Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Rexhepi Atilla , Asani Valon , Ismaili Hysni , Demiri Fisnik , Ibrahimi Vlora , Jani Ylber 
Published: May 2022

Objectives: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the main cardiovascular complications associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Echocardiography-derived total atrial activation time (PA-TDI duration) which reflects electrical and structural changes to the atria, consistently and accurately predicts new-onset AF. In this study, we aimed to determine the value of PA-TDI duration in T2DM patients.
Methods: A total of 40 consecutive patients with T2DM, mean age 51.5 ± 14.3 years, and 40 age and gender-matched healthy volunteers were evaluated. Conventional and tissue Doppler echocardiography were performed. Additionally, we determined the PA-TDI duration as the time interval from the onset of the P-wave in lead II of the ECG to the peak A’-wave on the tissue Doppler tracing.
Results: Left atrial (LA) diameter and LA volume index were significantly higher in T2DM patients (3.36 ± 0.5 cm vs.3.10 ± 0.45cm, p=0.037; 30.8 ± 30ml/m2 vs. 29.0 ± 3.4ml/m2, p=0.03 respectively). Mitral A velocity was significantly higher in T2DM patients (69.72 ± 10.16 cm/s vs. 64.75 ± 10.64 cm/s, p=0.029). Doppler E/A ratio was lower in T2DM patients. Tissue Doppler E’/A’ ratio for left ventricular lateral annulus was significantly lower in the diabetic group (1.28±0.33 vs. 1.49±0.40, p=0.024) and E/E’ was significantly higher in the diabetic group (7.33±2.5 vs. 6.45±1.1, p=0.038). PA-TDI duration was significantly higher in the T2DM patients when compared with the controls (134.2±6.0ms vs. 124.3±9.4ms p<0.001).
Conclusions: Our results showed that PA-TDI duration is significantly increased in patients with T2DM as compared with healthy volunteers. PA-TDI duration measurement, using transthoracic echocardiography can serve as an easy and non-invasive method of detecting patients with T2DM at risk of atrial fibrillation.
A Parallel Model of Musical Research and Creation
Authors: Dediu Dan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Stages of both processes – research and creation – are depicted and proposed as tools for understanding the uniqueness of the musical triad: musicology, interpretation, composition. Although the borderlines between them are fuzzy and the interconnections powerful, we can find sufficient reasons to compare these different ways to obtain knowledge and to generate results in the field of music. The proposition of a single model for all three areas takes into account the following stages: information, analysis, design, processing (combining intuition with rational procedures), adaptation, finalization. Similarities between the processes of musical research and musical creation are expressed and emphasized with examples, maps and figures.
Performers and musical texts – a controversial relationship
Authors: Bera Adriana 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe present study departs from the debates caused by the idea of performers’ faithfulness to composers’ intentions in the context of Western-European type academic music. In the musicological research of the past three decades there appeared significant changes in approaching the relationship between performers and musical texts, which I set out to comment from a performer’s perspective. I wish to outline a few answers to questions posed by the desideratum of faithful interpretation in the performing act of composers’ intentions:▪ are musical texts faithful mirrors of the works conceived by composers? To what extent can performers know composers’ intentions from reading musical texts?▪ what is the degree of freedom that performers can assume in interpreting musical texts noted by composers? To what extent are the two requirements of the performing act – respecting composers’ intentions and being creative – compatible?▪ what does performers’ creativity consist of and how is it manifested?Departing from the premise that the analysis of the relation between composition and research in performing a musical work can supply us with some answers to these questions, I set out to prove that:▪ performers can be creative without encroaching on composers’ copyright;▪ the analysis of musical texts opens a wide field for performers, in which their creativity can be manifested by knowing and observing the laws governing the makeup of the performed work.
The relevance of context in musicological interpretation. Hermeneutical applications on certain Romanian writings and works
Authors: Vasiliu Laura-Otilia 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We have been perceiving ever more acutely for the past two decades a major change in the vision and musicological style in the Romanian language: language analysis and historiographic research have slid onto a secondary plane, while the commentary of the work, of its interpretation and the characterisation of the style, determined by the social, political, biographical, artistic factors, by the means of expression of the time focus researchers’ interest increasingly. The history of contemporary musicology recognises the moment of change of the thinking paradigm in the 1980s writings belonging to Joseph Kerman: the article How we got into Analysis, and How to Get Out and the volume Contemplating Music. The author criticises the formalism and positivism which define musicology, identified with musical analysis, reveals its ideological nature, as the relation between analysis and organicity is the leading ideology. The American musicologist pleads for a more cultural form of musical criticism, supported by the exposure of the context and of the sources of the work objectified. According to Kerman, musicology had become more discoursively-critical and less positivist (so-called scientific), being more preoccupated with interpretation than with information on the writing details and historical data; it had reconquered its interdisciplinary valences and envelopped all musical genres. Analysing the effects of this direction on the Romanian musicological discourse, we do two case studies: 1. the recent collective work Noi istorii ale muzicii românești [New histories of Romanian types of music], coordinated by Valentina Sandu-Dediu and Nicolae Gheorghiță in the direction of emphasising and/or cancelling the effects of (nationalistic, socialist-realist) ideology on the value judgement of the anthologised musical and creative phenomena; 2. the musical comedy Amorul doctor [Dr. Love] by Pascal Bentoiu, regarded from the perspective of the relation between the artistic value and the cultural trajectory broken by the obscurity of Romanian society in the first half of the 1960 decade.
Schubert’s “Tenth”: an Interpretation Between Construction and Restitution
Authors: Mogoşan Iulia 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In Franz Schubert’s creation the fragment takes on various forms of manifestation, ranging from the fragmentary reception of an already constituted piece to the fragmentary notation, in the form of a sketch, of a work that has not yet been completed. A special place belongs to the Tenth Symphony in D major, D 936A, by Schubert, left unfinished; we received it as a sketch, in a convolute, together with two other unfinished symphonies in the same key: D 615 and D 708A. The present study aims to expose three artistic interpretations of these sketches, materialized in completed musical works, with a distinct approach. The intention of the British composer and conductor Brian Newbould was to finish the symphony in the way that Schubert himself would have done, anchoring the musical ideas from the sketches in the composer’s style. Peter Gülke approached the sketches through the eyes of the researcher and the analyst, with the intention of obtaining their most accurate and authentic reproduction, emphasizing the materialization of some of Schubert’s possible intentions. Finally, Luciano Berio manages in Rendering to musically render the sketches per se, imagining a musical fresco where the concrete musical ideas, written by Schubert, are deliberately mixed with the provisional character of the manuscript.
Speech melodiesand “pinning down” the present in essays by Leoš Janáček and Milan Kundera
Authors: Dumitriu Leonard 
Published: May 2022

AbstractI ask myself the question: can those who compose music be called interpreters? Not of their own work but of the sonorities they imagine while writing. When composers take over (note on staves or record with technical means) sonorities from the environment, which they then use in their works, are they or not interpreters, in the sense of translating what they hear? Should we only mention Vivaldi and Haydn or, closer to us, Messiaen and Stockhausen, composers of all times have used, translated, interpreted the sounds of nature in their works. That is what the Czech Leoš Janáček does also, only that, by registering ambiental sonorities, he has a further goal, unlike the others: pinning down the present time. This idea is revolutionary in music, so it has drawn many researchers’ attention. A privilege of music, interpretation wears in literature the coat of exegesis. A great contemporary thinker, Milan Kundera is the author of the essayTestaments betrayed, in which he compares literature with music, having as references, among other writers, Hemingway and Kafka, which he joins with the great composers Stravinsky and Janáček. Fascinated by his fellow citizen’s musical-ontological concept, he dedicates the fifth part of the study to him, entitledÁ la recherche du présent perdu. The study presents the way in which Janáček pins down the past in an own essay,Smetanova dcera(Smetana’s daughter), where he uses his renownednápěvky mluvy(speech melodies). The result is amazing: through the daughter’s voice, one seems to hear the father, the great Bedřich Smetana’s voice in a fragment of life resurrected after time has passed. Kundera asks questions and formulates answers, interpreting, translating Janáček’s concept. This work does not interpret, but brings to the knowledge of the interested musicians aspects which, although belonging to renowned Czech intellectuals, enrich and embellish the spirituality of the world.
Nikolai Myaskovsky – 140th birth anniversary. Rediscovering the composer in the present times
Authors: Balan Mihaela-Georgiana 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
On the occasion of the 140th anniversary of composer Nikolai Myaskovsky’s birth, in the spring of 2021, in the city of Ekaterinburg there took place the Myaskovsky Dialogues festival dedicated entirely to the Russian composer, being one of the few musical events with a musical programme based on his works. Known as the “father” of the Soviet symphony, Nikolai Myaskovsky was one of the pillars of resistance in Russian music culture in the first half of the 20th century, managing to maintain a stylistic balance between traditional genres, harmonic language with innovative tendencies, ideas promoted within the new political system and a neutral way of integrating communist ideals musically. Although his contemporaries perceived him with respect and consideration, N. Myaskovsky was discredited after the tensions and political events of 1948, entering a shadow zone during the Cold War, until the fall of the Iron Curtain. Therefore, it was only in the last three decades that he was rediscovered in the music world, due to the interest given to his works by well-known conductors such as E. Svetlanov, V. Gergiev, V. Petrenko, V. Jurowski. In this paper, our aim is to accomplish a historical perspective on N. Myaskovsky’s rediscovery and his approach in concert programs, records, reviews, chronicles, articles, musicological studies, papers and volumes from the 1970s to the present.
Ștefan Angi – the encyclopaedic musicologist
Authors: Iaţeşen Loredana 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
On 2 October 2021 we celebrate one year since the distinguished Hungarian aesthetician, philosopher, musicologist and professor Ștefan Angi from Cluj-Napoca passed away, an opportunity to meditate on this encyclopaedic researcher’s outstanding scientific work. If we go through the studies published in specialised journals (Lucrări de muzicologie [Musicology Papers], Muzica [Music] Journal) or books Muzică și estetică [Music and aesthetics] (1975), Muzicalitatea esteticului [The musicality of aesthetics] (2001), Modele al frumosului musical [Models of musical beauty] (2003), Prelegeri de estetică muzicală [Lectures on musical aesthetics] (2004 – two volumes and four tomes), De la valoare la semnificație [From value to meaning] (2005), Fotografii la minut din atelierele compozitorilor clujeni [Instant photographs from composers’ workshops in Cluj-Napoca] (2008), Site de in. Scrieri despre muzică [Flax sieves. Writings on music] (2013), Cornel Țăranu - Mărturisiri mozaicate. Studii și eseuri [Cornel Țăranu - Mosaic confessions. Studies and essays] (2014), Divertismente. Eseuri [Trifles. Essays] (2018), we observe that his lordship fundamentally contributed to various fields of music research: aesthetics, stylistics, rhetoric, musicology. Starting from the published confessions of those who knew him (Cristina Șuteu, Gânduri, Cuvinte, Fapte. Dialog cu Ștefan Angi [Thoughts, Words, Acts. Dialogue with Ștefan Angi], interview in Actualitatea Muzicală [Music news], 2016; Pavel Pușcaș, Ștefan Angi - Hominaticum Magistri – portrait in Muzica [Music] Journal, 2021), we will attempt to comment on some of the volumes of studies or according to the genre of the monograph, in order to emphasize particular features of the musicological writings of researcher Ștefan Angi.
Innovative Aspects of the Modern Concerto (extravagant compositional models of the 20th century)
Authors: Coroiu Petruta Maria 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The instrumental concerto remains one of the most appreciated genres – both by the general public and by virtuoso interpreters – all throughout its existence, including the 20th century. The century of acute modernity saw a re-evaluation of all the musical forms and genres, resulting in novel challenges, solved in unexpected ways by the great composers of the time. This paper aims to provide a summary of the evolution of the concerto in the music of the 20th century, highlighting certain elements of originality, extravagant compositions which go beyond the principles of musical creation.
Manuscript 105 from the “Dumitru Stăniloae” Ecumenical Library of the Metropolitan Church of Moldova and Bucovina in Iasi - an exemplary document of adapting chants to Romanian in Moldova
Authors: Dănilă Irina Zamfira 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Ms 105 from the “Dumitru Stăniloae” Ecumenical Library is an extensive Chrysantean Anthologhion, consisting of 236 leaves, written in Romanian with Cyrillic characters by copyist Hariton Vasiliu from Horaita Monastery (Neamt County), between 1857-1879. The chant content is specific to the musical collection this codex belongs to, namely the service of Vespers, Matins, and the Divine Liturgy, freely organized in the manuscript; for this reason, the typical ritual order could not be observed. The musical sources of Ms. 105 are exclusively repertoire collections in the Romanian language, mainly the psaltic prints circulated during that period (about 50% of the total). Their composers are initiators of the implementation of the Chrysantine reform in the Romanian Principalities: Macarie the Hieromonk, Anton Pann, Nectarie Frimu, Dimitrie Suceveanu – they were all important personalities who, through their works, contributed significantly to the replacement of church chanting in Greek with chanting in the “mother tongue” (i.e. Romanian). The other set of chants in Ms. 105 (50% of the total) are, however, from local manuscript sources and are mainly composed by unknown musicians.