bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of lung toxicity with bevacizumab using the spontaneous reporting database
Authors: Kanbayashi Yuko , Uchida Mayako , Kashiwagi Misui , Akiba Hitomi , Shimizu Tadashi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study was undertaken to determine the risk of bevacizumab-induced lung toxicity, time to onset, and post hoc outcomes using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database. We analysed data for the period between April 2004 and March 2021. Data on lung toxicities were extracted, and relative risk of adverse events (AEs) was estimated using the reporting odds ratio. We analysed 5,273,115 reports and identified 20,399 reports of AEs caused by bevacizumab. Of these, 1,679 lung toxicities were reportedly associated with bevacizumab. Signals were detected for nine lung toxicities. A histogram of times to onset showed occurrence from 35 to 238 days, but some cases occurred even more than one year after the start of administration. Approximately 20% of AEs were thromboembolic events. Among these, pulmonary embolism was the most frequently reported and fatal cases were also reported. The AEs showing the highest fatality rates were pulmonary haemorrhage, pulmonary infarction, and pulmonary thrombosis. In conclusion, we focused on lung toxicities caused by bevacizumab as post-marketing AEs. Some cases could potentially result in serious outcomes, patients should be monitored for signs of onset of AEs not only at the start of administration, but also over a longer period of time.
How Do Item Features and User Characteristics Affect Users' Perceptions of Recommendation Serendipity? A Cross-Domain Analysis
Authors: Wang Ningxia , Chen Li 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Serendipity is one of beyond-accuracy objectives for recommender systems (RSs), which aims to achieve both relevance and unexpectedness of recommendations, so as to potentially address the ``filter bubble'' issue of traditional accuracy-oriented RSs. However, so far most of the serendipity-oriented studies have focused on developing algorithms to consider various types of item features or user characteristics, but are largely based on their own assumptions. Few have stood from users' perspective to identify the effects of these features on users' perceptions of the serendipity of the recommendation. Therefore, in this paper, we have analyzed their effects with two user survey datasets. These are the Movielens Serendipity dataset of 467 users' responses to a retrospective survey of their perceptions of the recommended movie's serendipity, and the Taobao Serendipity dataset of 11,383 users' perceptions of the serendipity of a recommendation received at a mobile e-commerce platform. In both datasets, we have analyzed the correlations between users' serendipity perceptions and various types of item features (i.e., item-driven such as popularity, profile-driven such as in-profile diversity, and interaction-driven including category-level and item-level features), as well as the influence of several user characteristics (including the Big-Five personality traits and curiosity). The results disclose both domain-independent and domain-specific observations, which may be constructive in enhancing current serendipity- oriented recommender systems by better utilizing item features and user data.
Effects of Broad Spectrum Cannabidiol Oil on Behavioral Disturbances in Patients with Dementia: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Hermush Vered , Ore Liora , Stern Noa , Mizrahi Nisim , Fried Malki , Krivoshey Marina , Staghon Ella , Lederman Violeta E. , Schleider Lihi Bar-Lev 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Almost 90% of patients with dementia suffer from some type of neurobehavioral symptom and there are no approved medications for these symptoms. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Avidekel compared with a placebo for the reduction of behavioral disturbances among patients with dementia.Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted in a medical center in northern Israel, male and female patients, aged at least 60, with a diagnosis of major neurocognitive disorder and associated behavioral disturbances were randomized 2:1 to receive either Avidekel oil (30% cannabidiol and 1% tetrahydrocannabinol: 295 mg and 12.5 mg per ml respectively; n=40), or a placebo oil (n=20) three times a day for 16 weeks. The primary outcome was a decrease, as compared to baseline, of four or more points on the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory score by week 16. Secondary outcomes included: mean change in the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory, the time necessary to achieve a 4-point reduction in Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory, mean change in Neuropsychiatric Inventory agitation/aggression sub-score.Results: Among 60 randomized patients (mean age, 79.4 years; 36 women [60.0%]), 52 (86.7%) completed the trial (all eight patients who discontinued treatment were from the investigational group). There was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of subjects who had a Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory score reduction of ≥4 points at week 16: 24/40 (60.0%) and 6/20 (30.0%) for investigational and control groups, respectively (P<.05). The ANOVA repeated measures analysis demonstrated significantly better improvement in the investigational group compared to the control group in weeks 14 and 16 (P<.05). The Neuropsychiatric Inventory results demonstrated a significant reduction (>29%) in agitation/aggression (P<.05). There were no significant differences in the occurrence of adverse events between the two groups. Conclusions: In this randomized controlled trial, Avidekel oil significantly reduced agitation over placebo in patients suffering from behavioral disorders related to dementia, with minimal side-effects. Further research is required involving various sub-types of dementia and a larger sample size.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03328676. Registered on November 1, 2017.
Bright, dark and breather soliton solutions of the generalized long-wave short-wave resonance interaction system
Authors: Kirane Mokhtar , Seenimuthu Stalin , Muthusamy Lakshmanan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we consider a generalized long-wave short-wave resonance interaction system, which describes the nonlinear interaction between a short-wave (SW) and a long-wave (LW). The general N -bright and N -dark soliton solutions are derived using the Hirota bilinear method and they are written in a compact way using Gram determinants. Very interestingly, the fundamental bright soliton solution of the generalized LSRI system, in general, behaves like Korteweg-deVries (KdV) soliton. However, under a special condition, it also acts like the nonlinear Schro¨dinger (NLS) soliton. The fundamental dark-soliton solution admits anti-dark, grey, and complete black soliton profiles depending on the choice of wave parameters. The results of asymptotic analysis show that both bright and dark solitons undergo elastic collision with a finite phase shift. In addition to these, we demonstrate the existence of resonance interactions among the bright solitons by tuning the phase shift regime. Furthermore, we illustrate the various types of bright and dark soliton bound states. Also, we demonstrate the different types of profiles associated with the obtained breather solution.
Comparison of experimental and quantum chemical studies of the effect of different functionalities of graphene oxide/polymer composites onto selective CO2 capture
Authors: Stankovic Branislav , Barbarin Iranzu , Sanz Oihane , Tomovska Radmila , Ruipérez Fernando 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
There is a constant need of versatile techniologies to reduce the continuously increasing concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere, able to provide effective solutions under different conditions (temperature, pressure) and composition of the flue gas. In this work, a combination of graphene oxide (GO) and functionalized waterborne polymer particles was investigated, as versatile and promising candidates for CO2 capture application, with the aim to develop an easy scalable, inexpensive and environmentally friendly CO2 capture technology. There are huge possibilities of different functional monomers that can be selected to functionalize the polymer particles and to provide CO2-philicity to the composite nanostructures. Density functional theory (DFT) was employed to gain a deeper understanding of the interactions of these complex composite materials with CO2 and N2 molecules, and build a basis for efficient screening for functional monomers. Estimation of the binding energy between CO2 and a set of GO/polymer composites, comprising copolymers of methyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, and different functional monomers, shows that it depends strongly on the polymer functionalities. In some cases, there is a lack of cooperative effect of GO. It is explained by a remarkably strong GO-polymer binding, which induced less effective CO2-polymer interactions. When compared with experimental results, in the cases when the nanocomposite structures presented similar textural properties, the same trends for selective CO2 capture over N2 were attained. Besides novel functional materials for CO2 capture and deeper understanding of the interactions between CO2 molecules with various materials, this study additionally demonstrates that DFT calculations can be a shorter route toward efficient selection of the best functionalization of the composite materials for selective CO2 capture.
Anatomical and physiological responses Aechmea blanchetiana (Bromeliaceae) induced by silicon and sodium chloride during in vitro culture
Authors: Cipriano Rosiane , Martins João Paulo Rodrigues , Conde Lorenzo Toscano , Silva Mariela Mattos da , Silva Diolina Moura , Gontijo Andreia Barcelos Passos Lima , Falqueto Antelmo Ralph 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Salt stress is one of the most severe abiotic stresses affecting plant growth and development. The application of silicon (Si) is an alternative that can increase the tolerance of plants to various types of biotic and abiotic stresses. The objective was to evaluate the effect of salt stress in vitro and the mitigation potential of Si on Aechmea blanchetiana plants. For this purpose, plants already established in vitro were transferred to a culture medium with 0 or 14 µM of Si (CaSiO3). After growth for 30 days, a stationary liquid medium containing different concentrations of NaCl (0, 100, 200, or 300 µM) was added to the flasks. Anatomical and physiological analyses were performed after growth for 45 days. The plants cultivated with excess NaCl presented reduced root diameter and effective photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) (ΦPSII) and increased non-photochemical dissipation of fluorescence (qN). Plants that grew with the presence of Si also had greater content of photosynthetic pigments and activity of the enzymes of the antioxidant system, as well as higher values of maximum quantum yield of PSII (FV/FM), photochemical dissipation coefficient of fluorescence (qP) and fresh weight bioaccumulation of roots and shoots. The anatomical, physiological and biochemical responses, and growth induced by Si mitigated the effect to salt stress of the A. blanchetiana plants cultivated in vitro, which can be partly explained by the tolerance of this species to grow in sandbank (Restinga) areas.
Peribronchiolar Metaplasia: A Cigarette Smoke-Induced Small Airway Injury Associated with Interstitial Lung Abnormality, Interstitial Lung Disease and Emphysema
Authors: Sangani Rahul G. , Deepak Vishal , Ghio Andrew J , Patel Zalak , Alshaikhnassir Esra , Vos Jeffrey 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background:Peribronchiolar metaplasia (PBM) is a non-specific reaction to bronchiolar injury, characterized by both proliferation of bronchiolar epithelium and fibrosis along the peribronchiolar wall. While an association of PBM with diffuse interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) is recognized, its clinical significance in emphysema and interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) remains unclear.Methods: A retrospective review of a cohort (n=352) undergoing surgical resection for suspected lung nodule/mass at a tertiary medical center between 2017 and 2020 was completed to 1) determine the prevalence of PBM and 2) identify association with clinical, radiographic and histologic characteristics. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: The study cohort was elderly (mean age 66.15±10.19 years), predominantly female (57.1%), Caucasian and overweight (mean BMI 28.35±6.88). Ninety percent of patients were current or ex-smokers with a median pack year of 40 (IQR 32.5). Thirty-two patients (9.1%) were observed to have PBM as a histological finding. Clinical chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was diagnosed in two-thirds of patients with PBM. Comorbid gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) was significantly associated with PBM. Conventional measures of pulmonary function tests were not significantly different between the groups with and without PBM. Radiologic and histologic emphysema were observed in all patients with histologic PBM. In addition, radiologic centrilobular ground-glass opacities (CL-GGO) of ILAs, specific ILD patterns, isolated traction bronchiectasis (iTB), histologic fibrosis, desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP), anthracosis and honeycomb changes were associated with PBM. A logistic regression model which included CL-GGO ILA, iTB, histologic fibrosis, DIP and anthracosis strongly predicted PBM in the cohort. Conclusion:A constellation of radiologic and histologic smoking-related abnormalities predicted PBM in our cohort. This supports a co-existence of tissue responses including small airway disease, fibrosis and emphysema as consequence of cigarette smoking. PBM can function as a histologic marker of small-airway injury in a smoking population.
Neolithic hydroclimatic change and water resources exploitation in the Fertile Crescent
Authors: Regattieri Eleonora , Forti Luca , Drysdale Russell N. , Mannella Giorgio , Hellstrom John C. , Conati-Barbaro Cecilia , Bonacossi Daniele Morandi , Zerboni Andrea 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In the first millennia of the Holocene, human communities in the Fertile Crescent (FC) experienced drastic economic, cultural and technological transformations that modified social and human-environments interactions and ultimately led to the rise of complex societies. The potential influence of climate on this “Neolithic Revolution” has long been debated. Here we present a speleothem record from the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, covering from Early Neolithic to Early Chalcolithic periods (⁓11 to 7.3 ka, 9000 to 5300 BC). The record reveals the influence of the Siberian High on regional precipitation amount and length of the wet season. The comparison with the local archaeological framework demonstrates an influence of recorded hydroclimatic changes on settlement patterns (size, distribution, permanent vs. seasonal occupation) and on the exploitation of water resources by Neolithic to Chalcolithic populations. Our record does not show prominent changes at 9.3 and 8.2 ka, thus not supporting direct influence of these widespread events on the process of Neolithization and its cultural dispersal.
Nutrient scoring for the DEGS1-FFQ – from food intake to nutrient intake
Authors: Thieleking Ronja , Schneidewind Lennard , Kanyamibwa Arsene , Hartmann Hendrik , Horstmann Annette , Witte A. Veronica , Medawar Evelyn 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: While necessary for studying dietary decision-making or public health, estimates of nutrient supply based on self-reported food intake are barely accessible or fully lacking and remain a challenge in human research. In particular, detailed information on dietary fiber is limited. In this study we introduce an automated openly available approach to assess self-reported nutrient intake for research purposes for a popular, validated German food frequency questionnaire (FFQ).Methods: To this end, we i) developed and shared a code for assessing nutrients (carbohydrates, fat, protein, sugar, fiber...) for 53 items of the quantitative, validated German DEGS1-FFQ questionnaire implementing expert-guided nutritional values of diverse sources with several raters. In a sample of individuals (nGUT-BRAIN = 61 (21 female) overweight, omnivorous), we ii) cross-validated nutrient intake of the last 7 days and the last 24 hours and iii) computed test-retest reliability across two timepoints. Further, iv) we report newly computed nutrient intake for two independent cross-sectional cohorts with continuous weight status and different dietary habits (nMensa= 134 (79 female, 1 diverse), nGREADT = 76 male). Exploratively, we correlated computed nutrient intake with v) anthropometric and vi) blood-based biomarkers.Results: In overweight adults (n= 61 (21 female), mean age 28.2±6.5 years, BMI 27.4±1.6 kg/m2) nutrient intakes were mostly normally distributed and within or surpassing recommended reference nutrient ranges for both last 7 days and last 24 hours. Reliability between last 7 days and 24 hours per visit was moderate (Pearson’s rall≥ 0.34, pall < 0.001, rmax = 0.54) and absolute agreement across two timepoints was moderate for 7 days (kappaall > 0.40, pall < 0.001) and poor for 24 hours (kappaall> 0.08, pall < 0.001). Associations of dietary components to anthropometric markers showed distinct sex differences, with overall higher intake by males compared to females and opposite associations of fiber intake and BMI in males compared to females. Links between nutrient intake relative to calorie intake and anthropometrics as well as serum markers remain inconclusive.Conclusion: We provide an openly available tool to systematically assess nutrient intake, including fiber, based on self-report by a common German FFQ. The computed nutrient scores resembled overall plausible and reliable measures of nutrient intake given the known limitations of FFQs regarding over- or underreporting. Our open code nutrient scoring can help to examine dietary intake in experimental studies, including dietary fiber and its subclasses, and can be readily adapted to other FFQs. Further validation of computed nutrients with biomarkers and nutrient-specific metabolites in serum, urine or feces will help to interpret self-reported dietary intake.
The role of oxidative damage in cataract etiopathogenesis
Authors: Atalay Enes , Oğurel Tevfik , Derici Mehmet Kürşat 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective: In this study, the effect of oxidative stress on the etiopathogenesis of cataract was investigated through the total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and arylesterase (ARE) levels in aqueous humor samples of patients with cataract.Methods: This study was conducted on patients who scheduled for cataract surgery between June 2020 and March 2021. The patients were divided into four groups according to their cataract density as grades 1, 2, 3, and 4. TOS, TAS, and ARE levels of aqueous humor samples were measured spectrophotometrically and comparisons were made between groups.Results: A total of 100 eyes of 100 patients were included in this study. TAS levels were found significantly higher in the grade 2 group compared to the grade 4 group (p=0.006). In addition, a significant negative correlation was present between cataract grade and TAS level (r=-0.237; p=0.018). There was no significant difference between diabetic and non-diabetic patients in terms of TAS, TOS, OSI and ARE levels.Conclusions: The aqueous humor of patients with a high degree of cataract is characterized by low antioxidant capacity. Decreased antioxidant capacity has a role in cataract formation and progression.
Microvasculopathy evaluated by Dual-Energy Computed Tomography in Patients with Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Miwa Keisuke , Taniguchi Yu , Fujii Hiroyuki , Matsuoka Yoichiro , Onishi Hiroyuki , Yanaka Kenichi , Izawa Yu , Tsboi Yasunori , Kono Atsushi , Emoto Noriaki , Hirata Ken-ichi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Poor subpleural perfusion (PSP) on dual-energy computed tomography (DE-CT) suggests microvasculopathy in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). However, it remains unclear whether pathological findings of microvasculopathy in CTEPH are equivalent to those in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). This study aims to elucidate the characteristics of microvasculopathy in patients with CTEPH compared to PAH. Methods: Subpleural perfusion on DE-CT was classified as poor (subpleural spaces in all segments with little or no perfusion) or normal. We retrospectively reviewed the subpleural perfusion on DE-CT and hemodynamics of 23 patients with PAH and 113 with inoperable CTEPH, diagnosed between January 2014 and December 2020. Results: PSP was observed in 51% of patients with CTEPH and 4% with PAH (p <0.01); patient characteristics and hemodynamics were similar in both groups. Patients with CTEPH and PSP had poorer baseline hemodynamics and lower diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide divided by the alveolar volume (DLCO/VA) than those with CTEPH with normal perfusion (pulmonary vascular resistance [PVR]: 768 ± 445 dynes-sec/cm5 vs. 463 ± 284 dynes-sec/cm5, p <0.01; DLCO/VA, 60.4 ± 16.8% vs. 75.9 ± 15.7%, p <0.001). Hemodynamics improved to nearly normal in both groups (PVR: 270 ± 118 dynes-sec/cm5 vs. 220 ± 88 dynes-sec/cm5, p=0.13) after adequate balloon pulmonary angioplasty.Conclusions: PSP on DE-CT, which is one of the specific imaging findings of CTEPH, might suggest a different mechanism of microvasculopathy from that in PAH. However, the hemodynamics at rest improved to nearly normal after balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA), despite the existence of PSP.
Incidence, treatments, and outcomes of Graves’ disease in Thailand: a single-center study
Authors: Kanokwongnuwat Wasit 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Treatment patterns and outcomes of Graves’ disease (GD) are various around the world. Studies of the Asian population are lacking. The aim was to evaluate Thai patients with GD.Methods: Patients with new diagnoses of GD between 2014-2018 were retrospectively reviewed in a single center.Results: The age-adjusted incidence of GD was 26.57 per 100,000 per year. The analysis included 355 patients with follow-up at least 12 months and age of at least 15. Antithyroid drug (ATD) was the most popular treatment with 99.7%, followed by radioactive iodine (RAI) with 0.3%. The most effective treatment was RAI with a remission rate of 78.4% and time to failure of 54 months (p = 0.014), compared to ATD and surgery. ATD was the worst effective treatment with a remission rate of 21.5% and time to failure of 43.9 months. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed TSH <0.01 uIU/ml was a significant factor for time to failure (HR 1.42, CI 1.03-1.96).Conclusion: Treatment failure with ATD was frequent in this population. More effective treatment could be preferred to prevent relapse and complications of the disease.