bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The long-term survival of esophageal cancer in elderly patients: a multi-center, retrospective study from China
Authors: Li Runhua , He Yutong , Sun Xibin , Wang Ning , Zhang Min , Wei Kuangrong , Li Huizhang , Dong Peng , Du Lingbin , Chen Wanqing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Esophageal cancer (EC) often occurs in the elderly, and approximately 40% of patients are 70 years or older. To investigate the long-term survival of esophageal cancer in elderly patients, to provide a theoretical direction for better management and predicting survival of EC based on the hospital-based multi-center study in China.Methods: The study was conducted in eighteen hospitals including 6 provincial hospitals, 8 municipal hospitals, and 4 county hospitals. We extracted information from medical record homepage, records of admission and discharge, and pathological diagnosis reports from the medical record department of the elderly patients at 70-84 years to further obtain the 3-year and 5-year overall survival (OS), and main associated factors, and to analyze the current therapeutic effect of different treatment options for elderly patients. Results: The 3-year and 5-year OS rate of the 1013 elderly patients was 44.8% and 32.8%, respectively. Their median survival was 28.00 months. The median survival of patients with squamous cell carcinoma was longer than that of other pathological type (squamous vs. other types: 31.00 vs. 20.00 months, P = 0.018). The median survival of patients with surgery only or combined therapy was longer than that of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, no therapy (surgery only vs. combined therapy vs. radiotherapy vs. chemotherapy vs. no therapy: 56.00 vs. 33.00 vs. 26.00 vs.18.00 vs. 16.00 months, P<0.001). The 5-year OS rate of patients with highly differentiated cancer was higher than that of medium differentiated and poor differentiation/undifferentiated. In multivariate analysis, the older ages, pathological stage were independent prognostic risk factors for poor EC survival. Treatment method (surgery only: HR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.47-0.85; combined therapy: HR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.60-1.00) was independent protective factors predictive of a good EC OS.Conclusions: The survival rate of the elderly EC patients was still low in China. Age, therapy method, and pathological stage were mainly associated with the survival rate of EC in elderly patients.
Nurses Practices' Errors Regarding Medication Administration in different Critical Care Units at a Teaching Hospital in Upper Egypt.: An Observational study.
Authors: khalil nahla , Abd-elbaky marwa , Taha Nasser , Fathy Alshimaa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background Medication administration errors are a constant occurrence on the unit, and patient safety must be a focus. The current study aimed to is to assess critical care nurses Practices' errors regarding medication administration in different critical care settings.Methods: A convenient sample consisted of 60 nurses was obtained from different critical care units at a Teaching Hospital in Upper Egypt utilizing a descriptive exploratory design. The selected critical care units were; medical Intensive care, neurosurgical care, coronary care, chest care and finally stroke unit. Demographic data of the studied nurses and medication administration checklist were utilized to assess nurses' practice concerning medication administration errors. Results: The observational checklist of nurses' practices in preparation and administration of medications were unsatisfactory. Moreover, the current findings revealed a positive correlation between total practice and age as well as nurses' years of experience. On the other hand, negative correlation was found between nurses practice and nurse- patients ratio.Conclusions: Critical care nurses' practice was unsatisfactory in preparation and during administration of medications in different critical care units regardless of their demographic qualifications. Continuing nursing education about types of errors that occur in the use of high alert medications and double check of administered medication
Disparities in Geographical Accessibility of Permanent COVID-19 Vaccination clinics in the State of Ohio
Authors: Yang Yihe , Reid Neil , Hu Tao , Xu Yanqing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Rapid and widespread distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine is crucial for containing the spread of this infectious disease. Health departments and planners must ensure that access to the COVID-19 vaccination is adequate and equitable. This study measured the spatial accessibility to permanent vaccination clinics at the census tract level using the 2-step floating catchment area method. Accessibility scores were heterogeneous across geographic regions and among different groups of people. In particular, many urban areas enjoy better access to vaccination clinics compared to rural areas. Minorities and people under poverty are concentrated in neighborhoods with above-average accessibility, while white and elderly concentrate in census tracts with below-average accessibility. The relationship between accessibility and the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) was explored using the Spatial lag model and Bivariate Local Moran’s I analysis. Patterns of high accessibility scores and high social vulnerability index could be observed in urban areas, while suburban areas enjoy high accessibility and low social vulnerability. Patterns of high accessibility census tracts adjacent to tracts with high minority rates and low adjacent to low are salient, indicating the strong relationship between race and accessibility. The Spatial Lag model also confirms this finding.
EgoCor: an R package to fit exponential semi-variograms to model the local spatial correlation structure of health outcomes
Authors: Sauzet Odile , Dyck Julia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background As an alternative to using administrative areas for the evaluation of small-area health inequalities, Sauzet et al suggested to take an ego-centred approach and model the spatial correlation structure of health outcomes at individual level. Existing tools for the analysis of spatial data in \code{R} may appear too complex to non-specialists which may limit the use of the approach. Result We present the R-package \code{EgoCor} which offers a user friendly interface displaying in one function a range of graphics and tables of parameters to facilitate the decision making about which exponential parameters fit either raw data or residuals best. This function is based on the functions of the \code{R} packages \code{geoR}. A further function providing the measure of uncertainty proposed by Dyck and Sauzet has been implemented in the package.Conclusion With the R-package EgoCor modelling the spatial correlation structure of health outcome with a measure of uncertainly is made available to non specialists
Dimethyl Fumarate improves cognitive impairment by enhancing hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in hypothyroid rats
Authors: Pan Haiyan , Wang Yanbo , Wang Xiaowei , Yan Ci 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an effective drug for multiple sclerosis, and can improve the cognitive dysfunction caused by streptozotocin, but the effect cognitive dysfunction caused by hypothyroidism is unclear.Methods:After hypothyroidism rat model induced by propylthiouracil, we gave rats 25mg/kg DMF by gavage. The body weight during model building and administration was recorded. The levels of T4 and T3 in serum were detected by an automatic biochemical analyzer. Morris water maze test was used to detect the effect of DMF on the cognitive learning ability. The effect of DMF on Nissl bodies in the brain tissue was evaluated by Nissl staining. The mRNA and protein levels of BDNF in brain tissue were detected by qRT-PCR and western blot.Results:After DMF treatment, the body weight of hypothyroid rats has recovered, and the levels of T3 and T4 in the serum was ameliorated. DMF also reduced the escape latency and swimming distance, and increased the swimming speed. The number of Nissl bodies and expression of BDNF in the brain tissue were increased after DMF treatment.Conclusion: DMF improved the cognitive dysfunction of hypothyroid rats by increasing the level of BDNF in the brain tissue of hypothyroid rats.
The regulation of insulin receptor/insulin-like growth factor receptor ratio, an important factor for breast cancer prognosis, by TRIP-Br1
Authors: Lee Myeong-Sok , Quynh Nguyen Thi Ngoc , Jung Samil , Anh Nguyen Hai , Lee Beom Suk , Myagmarjav Davaajargal , Eum Hye Hyeon , Lee Hae-Ock , Jo Taeyeon , Mongre Raj Kumar , Choi Yeongseon 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Much higher risk of cancer is observed in patients with diabetes. Insulin receptor (IR) and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) are well-known targets in cancer research as well as diabetes treatment. Interestingly, a recent study proposed that the IR/IGF1R ratio is an important factor in breast cancer prognosis. Women with a higher IR/IGF1R ratio showed poor breast cancer prognosis and hyperinsulinemia. Here, we propose a novel mechanism by which the oncogenic protein TRIP-Br1 renders breast cancer cells to have a higher IR/IGF1R ratio by positively and negatively regulating IR and IGF1R expression at the protein level, respectively. TRIP-Br1 plays various cellular roles, one of which is as an adaptor protein. Our data revealed that TRIP-Br1 suppresses ubiquitin/proteasome-mediated IR degradation without directly interacting with IR. Meanwhile, TRIP-Br1 directly interacts with both IGF1R and NEDD4-1 E3 ubiquitin ligase, and TRIP-Br1/NEDD4-1 degrades IGF1R via the ubiquitin/proteasome system. Animal experiments indicated that TRIP-Br1 enhanced tumor progression, where a high IR/IGF1R ratio was detected. Furthermore, IR silencing elevates IGF1R expression, resulting in a lower IR/IGF1R ratio. Our extended study showed a similar effect of TRIP-Br1 on the IR/IGF1R ratio in insulin-deficient mice mimicking patients with diabetes, confirming the strong relationship between breast cancer and diabetes. In conclusion, this study provides invaluable information on the regulatory mechanism of how breast cancer cells acquire a higher IR/IGF1R ratio.
Influence of Nitrofurantoin on Toll-Like Receptor Pathway in Human Trophoblastic Cells (Bewo) Infected with Toxoplasma Gondii
Authors: Sivcan Eda , Yürük Merve , Aksoy Tülay , Yıldırım Alparslan , Inci Abdullah 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is a common parasitic disease caused by the obligatory intracellular Toxoplasma gondii. To investigate the effect of nitrofurantoin (NF) on the signaling pathway of TLR (Toll-Like Receptor) in BeWo, a human trophoblastic cell line, infected with T. gondii. Primarily, to determine the concentration of NF, giemsa staining method, trypan blue staining method and MTS (3-(4,5-dimetiltiyazol-2-yl)-5-(3-karboksimetoksifenil)-2-(4-sülfofenil)-2H-tetrazolyum) test were used on negative-positive controls and experimental groups. After MTS measurement, IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) and EC50 (half maximal effective concentration) values and the appropriate concentration as 1.25 µM were calculated using GraphPad Prism 8.0. In order to determine the effect of NF on the TLR pathway, samples were collected at three different times: 24, 48 and 72 hours. After RNA isolation, cDNA was synthesized and Real-Time PCR (RT-qPCR) analyzes were performed. Proportional changes in gene expression were calculated using reference genes. According to this, the most effective time period of the drug was found to be 48 hour period based on the decrease in expression levels in some apoptosis-related genes and, TLR6 (Toll-like receptor 6) and TLR8 (Toll-like receptor 8). There were significant differences after 48 (p = 0.015) and 72 (p = 0.049) hours in the parasitic load at experimental groups. As a result, it was shown that NF inhibited T. gondii infection by affecting genes in the TLR pathway. Furthermore, to know that these knowledges has shown the possibility that new preparations with less side effects can be developed as an alternative method in the treatment of the disease.
Expression of RAD6, DDB2, and CD44+/CD24- on Chemotherapy Response in Ovarian Cancer: A Prospective Flow Cytometry Study
Authors: Sihombing Unedo Hence Markus , Andrijono Andrijono , Purwoto Gatot , Gandamihardja Supriadi , Harahap Alida R. , Rustamadji Primariadewi , Kekalih Aria , Widyawati Retno , Fuady Dzicky Rifqi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective: Ovarian cancer is the 8th deadliest women’s cancer in the world. Almost all patients experienced chemoresistance, recurrence, and poor prognosis after cytoreductive surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy. Chemoresistant cancer cells have characteristic expressions of RAD6, DDB2, and cancer stem cell proteins (CSCs, CD44+/CD24-). Increased expression of CD44+/CD24-, RAD6, and decreased DDB2 are believed to be associated with chemoresistance, recurrence, and poor prognosis of the disease. The study objective is to analyse the correlation between expression of RAD6, DDB2, CD44+/CD24- with ovarian cancer chemoresistance.Methods: This study is a prospective cohort of 32 people in each group at the Obstetrics-gynecology and pathology Department of Cipto Mangunkusumo, Tarakan, Dharmais, and Fatmawati Hospital. All suspected ovarian cancer patients will undergo cytoreductive debulking and histopathological examination. Chemotherapy will be given for six series followed by six months of observation. We determine therapy response with the RECIST Criteria (Response Criteria in Solid Tumors) then classify it into chemoresistant or chemosensitive groups. The patient will perform Flow cytometry blood tests to examine the expression of RAD6 and DDB2 and CD44+/CD24-. Results: There was a significant relationship between increased levels of CD44+/CD24-, RAD6, and reduced DDB2 protein (p<0,05) with chemoresistance of ovarian cancer. Logistic regression test showed that the results of CD44+/CD24‑ was the best marker. Conclusion: These results indicate that CD44+/CD24-, RAD6, and DDB2 expressions are significantly associated with ovarian cancer chemoresistance, and CD44+/CD24- is the primary marker to predict ovarian cancer chemoresistance.
METTL3 is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Li Lijuan , Zeng Yu , Hou Xiukun , Zhuang Gaojian , Hao Weijing , Kang Ning , Gu Pengfei , Liu Yu , Zhao Zewei , Li Lingmei , Gao Ming , Ruan Xianhui , Zheng Xiangqian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Establishment and assessment of a nomogram for predicting prognosis in bone-metastatic prostate cancer
Authors: Liu Wenfei , Wang Zhiyong , Li Lingchao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose For the purposes of patients' consultation, condition assessments, and guidance for clinicians’ choices, we developed a prognostic predictive model to evaluate the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates of bone-metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Methods We gathered data from 5522 patients with bone metastatic PCa registered in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to develop a nomogram. A total of 359 bone-metastatic PCas were collected from two hospitals to validate the nomogram and assess its discriminatory ability. In addition, we plotted the actual survival against the predicted risk to assess the calibration accuracy. Moreover, we designed a web calculator to quickly obtain accurate survival probability outcomes.Results Univariate and multivariate Cox hazards regression analyses suggested that age, marital status, prostate-specific antigen, Gleason score, clinical T stage, N stage, surgery, and chemotherapy were closely associated with OS rates. The calibration charts in the training and validation groups showed high accuracy and reliability. The decision curve analysis (DCA) suggested a favorable clinical net benefit.Conclusion: Based on demography and clinical pathology, we developed a reliable nomogram to help clinicians more accurately predict the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates of patients with bone metastatic PCa to guide evaluation and treatment.
The Common Mode Voltage Control Using a Hybrid Compensation Structure and Derivative Method
Authors: Zhang Haiwei , Wu Aiguo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the hybrid compensation loop is introduced to the front end of the load, which can increase the electromagnetic interference current shunt loop, and basically eliminate the common mode noise in the three-phase inverter from the perspective of the interference source. The expressions of the controlled voltage source and the parameter calculations of the shunt path are given in detail. The state of the controlled voltage source is determined by the instantaneous voltage of each phase bridge arm, which has already included the sequence of pulse width modulation, so the common mode noise can be eliminated under different modulation modes. An active method of suppressing common mode (CM) is proposed to regulate the high-frequency CM voltages on the AC buses with respect to the ground. The resultant CM compensation voltages are rendered symmetric to the AC common mode noise, so that load midpoint voltage relative to ground remains constant or zero. The experimental results demonstrated that the common mode voltage can be suppressed by the added compensation circuit effectively under the 2D-SVPWM non-zero vector modulation and 3D-SVPWM non-zero vector modulation. The amplitude, harmonics and frequency of the load voltage isn’t affected by the method of eliminating the common mode voltage.
Evaluating Clad Formations in Directed Energy Deposition Process Using a Dimensionless Analysis
Authors: Lim Choon Wee Joel , Zhang Yanmei , Huang Sheng , Chan Wai Lee 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The growing interest in the directed energy deposition process in different industries has warranted a deeper understanding in the properties of the basic building block of the method: clad formation. In this study, the clad formation obtained by depositing stainless steel 316L (SS316L) powder with different laser traverse speed, laser power, and powder flow rate, were investigated. Repeatability was ensured through a wide sample range per parameter. The clad showed an increase in height with an increase in powder flow rate and a decrease in traverse speed. A deeper melt pool was formed with a higher laser power. Dimensionless analysis suggested that these effects of the parameters generally scale with a non-dimensional combination of the process parameters considered, which can be easily determined before printing and hence practical for applications. The analysis also revealed that different regimes of clad formation can be demarcated by the linear energy density, another term that relies only on process parameters that are prescribed. A critical linear energy density for printing of SS316L clads in this study was observed, below which resulted in poor adhesion to the substrate with occasional delamination. Interestingly, once the critical linear energy density was met, regardless of the variations in one or more of the parameters, there was generally no difference in hardness except for a few cases. These anomalies were further investigated using the electron back scattered diffraction technique, which illustrated how the microstructure of a clad will affect its macroscopic property such as hardness. With its ability to extract a wealth of insights, the procedure from this work will be useful for obtaining a range of optimal process parameters based on the type of application that is required of a directed energy deposition process.
Risk of Kidney Injury Requiring Dialysis After Sepsis
Authors: Wong Chung-Shun , Chen Tzu-Ting , Hu Ping-Jen , Wu Mai-Szu , Wu Mei-Yi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background:Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (AKI) can accelerate the progression of chronic kidney disease and lead to permanent kidney damage. However, the relationship between sepsis-associated AKI and dialysis has not been well evaluated. Our study aimed to investigate the risk of AKI requiring dialysis after sepsis.Methods:A nationwide population-based case-crossover study comprised all patients requiring their first dialysis from 2004 to 2016 from the database of Taiwan’s National Health Insurance. Patients aged <20 years or with missing data were excluded.Results:147,201 and 75,031 patients requiring acute temporary and chronic dialysis were included in this study. The odds ratios (ORs) for patients requiring acute temporary dialysis after sepsis were 15.77, 10.67, 9.23, and 8.36 for exposure periods of 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks, respectively. For patients requiring chronic dialysis after sepsis, ORs were 6.99, 4.12, 4.16, and 3.66 for exposure periods of 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks, respectively. In analyses using no overlapping time intervals, the risk remained the highest during the time closest to the event.Conclusions: This study demonstrated that patients with sepsis had a markedly increased risk of renal failure requiring dialysis and the risk was highest within 1 week of sepsis.
Viscoelastic characterization and degradation stability investigation of poly(butylene-adipate-co-terephthalate) – calcium-phosphate glass composites
Authors: Toglaitti Elena , Milanese Daniel , Pugliese Diego , Sciancalepore Corrado 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this work new biodegradable composite materials based on poly(butylene-adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) reinforced with calcium-phosphate glass (CPG) microparticles at different filler concentration (0, 4, 10, 20 and 40 wt%) were characterized by dynamic-mechanical analysis (DMA), ageing and fragmentation tests. DMA results showed increasing storage modulus (E’) values with the filler content, without a significant modification of the glass transition temperature (Tg), translating in a reinforcing effect of the filler particles with good interphase adhesion. The creep compliance decreased with the increase of the CPG content, confirming a greater resistance of the composites to deformation under constant stress. The stability to weathering agents and the degree of fragmentation in laboratory-scale composting conditions were also tested, obtaining a higher sensitivity to degradation of the PBAT-based composites with the increase of CPG content. Overall, the addition of CPG particles in a PBAT matrix produced stiffer composites, with modulation of the properties based on the filler content, enhancing at the same time their degradation rate, making them a promising and more sustainable alternative to traditional polymers.