bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Popular Fictions and Artistic Narrative
Authors: Braham Persephone 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This chapter describes crime fiction and science fiction in Latin America. Genre fiction was not generally regarded as prestige literature in the region, and some early critics described it as escapist or derivative. However, Latin American genre narratives engaged with contemporary social and scientific issues from their beginnings. Early science fiction considered the implications of secularization, evolutionary theory, technological advancement, and cultural dependence. Detective fiction decries corruption, systemic injustice, authoritarianism, and the culture of impunity surrounding government and corporate malfeasance, violence against women, narcotraffic, and human trafficking. Seeking new descriptive registers, twenty-first-century writers increasingly mix crime narrative with fantasy, horror, and science fiction, disrupting the genre reader’s passive acceptance of violence as natural or expected.
Mario Vargas Llosa between Literature and Politics
Authors: Köllmann Sabine 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Mario Vargas Llosa’s contribution to the Latin American novel earned him the 2010 Nobel Prize in Literature “for his cartography of structures of power and his trenchant images of the individual’s resistance, revolt, and defeat.” The political dimension emphasized here is only one of many different facets that can be found in his narrative work, often side by side: history and social satire, dictatorship and fanaticism, eroticism and metafiction, crime and melodrama, art and self-parody. The unifying factor is his dual interest in the effects of politics on the individual and the role of fiction in society. An overview of the complete novelistic oeuvre in its biographical, political, and aesthetic context reveals continuities in narrative features, such as dual structures and multiple perspectives, and themes such as authoritarianism, fanaticism, and the search for truth: the truth of the “lies” of fiction, and the truth distorted by politics or the media.
Gabriel García Márquez as Local and Universalist, Traditional cum Modernist Storyteller
Authors: Bell-Villada Gene H. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
García Márquez’s reach as a novelist is vast, in both its breadth of subject matter and its range of readership. He writes with equal mastery about love and sex; family life and loneliness; social conflict, dictatorship, and war; childhood, youth, and old age; and much more. His timeframe can cover entire centuries. With the fame achieved by One Hundred Years of Solitude, he became an iconic figure throughout the Hispanic world, his profile further enlarged by his excellent work as a journalist. Eventually his literary reach also became global, with millions of admirers and avowed artistic disciples in the United States, Japan, China, South Asia, Africa, and the Arab world. At the same time, his writing is very locally and vividly rooted in the Caribbean region of his native Colombia. In a similar combination, his narrative builds to a significant degree on traditional, folk elements as well as on the cosmopolitan, modernist workshop of Joyce, Faulkner, Hemingway, and Woolf. And, it goes without saying, he fuses magic with realism in a way so seamless and subtle that it has become part of the available repertory for fiction writers across the globe. This chapter briefly recounts García Márquez’s life and development as a writer, surveys his body of work in the light of the above traits, and describes his overall legacy and place in world literary culture.
Transnational, Intermedial Pressures in Roberto Bolaño’s Prose Poem Novels
Authors: Monroe Jonathan B. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Roberto Bolaño demonstrated an acute sense of the transnational, intermedial pressures facing the novel in the last two decades of the twentieth century and first few years of the twenty-first. These pressures are strikingly manifest in his two bookend novels El espíritu de la ciencia-ficción (The Spirit of Science Fiction, 2016, written 1980–1984) and Una novelita lumpen (A Little Lumpen Novelita, 2002). While the former stages Bolaño’s early attempts to negotiate the aspiring Latin American writer’s peripheral “Third World” status in the Cold War era, the latter explores in a European context, from a post-Cold War perspective, the thoroughgoing displacement of literary-historical frames of reference by media and popular culture. At the core of Bolaño’s novels, from his initial interest in science fiction to his much greater investment in detective fiction, are questions of value posed by an increasingly global, media-saturated culture to the novel and to literature generally.
A cross-sectional study examining the equitability of invitation, uptake and coverage for NHS Health Check
Authors: Ogunlayi Fatai , Chauhan-Lall Nina , Hughes David , Myers Paulette , Sitch Alice 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
The evidence for access to NHS Health Check (NHSHC) varies considerably across the country. This study examined the equity in invitation, uptake and coverage of NHSHC and impact of different invitation methods.

Methods
This patient-level cross-sectional study from 52 general practices in Walsall used adjusted logistic regressions to examine the association between patient characteristics (age, sex, ethnicity and deprivation) and NHSHC access.

Results
Over the 5-year study period, 61 464 people were eligible for NHSHC, 66% were invited, uptake was 74% and coverage was 55%. Males had lower odds of: invitation (AOR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.75–0.81), uptake (0.73, 95% CI: 0.70–0.77) and coverage (0.69, 95% CI: 0.66–0.71). Compared with White, the ‘Other’ ethnicity group (mixed backgrounds, other Asians that are not South Asians and other ethnic groups) had lower odds of: invitation (0.74, 95% CI: 0.67–0.81), uptake (0.86, 95% CI: 0.75–0.98) and coverage (0.74, 95% CI: 0.68–0.81). The most deprived areas had lower odds of invitation, uptake and coverage. Opportunistic invitation had a 25-fold increase in odds of uptake.

Conclusions
The study has highlighted areas of inequities in access to NHSHC. The group most negatively affected were men, people from particular minority ethnic groups and people from deprived communities. Further actions are needed to reduce these inequities.
Public deliberation and the regulation of gene drive in the USA
Authors: West William F , Buchman Leah W , Medina Raul F 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Gene drive is a new form of biotechnology designed to bias the inheritance of selected traits in animal or plant species that reproduce sexually and have relatively short reproductive cycles. Unlike traditional breeding techniques and other forms of biotechnology, gene drive is designed to spread in wild populations. As such, the prospect of its application raises ecological and socioeconomic concerns that the current system of biotechnology regulation in the USA is ill-equipped to address. Foremost among the proposals for reform is the need for deliberative participation in decision-making by stakeholders representing a broader range of interests and analytical perspectives. As appealing as they are in the abstract, these recommendations overlook both practical and political challenges to democratic governance in administration that have received little attention.
Volatile versus Propofol General Anesthesia and Long-term Survival after Breast Cancer Surgery: A National Registry Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Enlund Mats , Berglund Anders , Enlund Anna , Bergkvist Leif 
Published: June 2022

Background
Several retrospective studies using administrative or single-center data have failed to show any difference between general anesthesia using propofol versus inhaled volatiles on long-term survival after breast cancer surgery. Although randomized controlled trials are ongoing, validated data from national clinical registries may advance the reliability of existing knowledge.

Methods
Data on breast cancer surgery performed under general anesthesia between 2013 and 2019 from the Swedish PeriOperative Registry and the National Quality Registry for Breast Cancer were record-linked. Overall survival was compared between patients receiving propofol and patients receiving inhaled volatile for anesthesia maintenance.

Results
Of 18,674 subjects, 13,873 patients (74.3%) received propofol and 4,801 (25.7%) received an inhaled volatile for general anesthesia maintenance. The two cohorts differed in most respects. Patients receiving inhaled volatile were older (67 yr vs. 65 yr), sicker (888 [19.0%] American Society of Anesthesiologists status 3 to 5 vs. 1,742 [12.8%]), and the breast cancer to be more advanced. Median follow-up was 33 months (interquartile range, 19 to 48). In the full, unmatched cohort, there was a statistically significantly higher overall survival among patients receiving propofol (13,489 of 13,873 [97.2%]) versus inhaled volatile (4,039 of 4,801 [84.1%]; hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.70 to 0.90; P < 0.001). After 1:1 propensity score matching (4,658 matched pairs), there was no statistically significant difference in overall survival (propofol 4,284 of 4,658 [92.0%]) versus inhaled volatile (4,288 of 4,658 [92.1%]; hazard ratio, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.85 to 1.13; P = 0.756).

Conclusions
Among patients undergoing breast cancer surgery under general anesthesia, no association was observed between the choice of propofol or an inhaled volatile maintenance and overall survival.

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Significant Improvement in Digoxin Immunoassays Over Four Decades: Newer Assays are Less Affected by Interferences
Authors: Dasgupta Amitava 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Digitalis glycosides derived from foxglove plants have been used for medicinal purposes since the 16th century. Currently, digoxin derived from foxgloves is used clinically. Owing to the narrow therapeutic range, therapeutic drug monitoring is essential; however, digoxin immunoassays suffer from interference.

Methods:
The issue of interference was reviewed for both older polyclonal antibody–based digoxin assays and newer monoclonal antibody–based digoxin assays. A literature search was conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, and ResearchGate for studies on digoxin immunoassays published in the English language from 1969 to the present.

Results:
Radioimmunoassays for digoxin in the 1970s and, later, first-generation nonradioimmunoassay methods were liable to several interferences, including digoxin-like immunoreactive substances, spironolactone, potassium canrenoate, and various digoxin metabolites. However, for the last 10–15 years, next next-generation digoxin immunoassays have been virtually free from such interferences. Nevertheless, certain herbal supplements, as well as both Digibind and DigiFab, interfere with serum digoxin measurement, even with the more recently developed digoxin assays.

Conclusions:
More recently introduced monoclonal antibody–based digoxin assays are superior to the older polyclonal antibody–based digoxin assays.
Teaching a New Dog Old Tricks: Ultrafast Liquid Chromatography/Tandem-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Nine ß-Lactam Antibiotics for Improved Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
Authors: Hodgkins Christopher , Cordwell Stuart J. , Kocic Danijela 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of β-lactam antibiotics provides critical knowledge in hospital intensive care unit environments to support dosing within the narrow window between therapeutic failure and toxicity. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is the most suitable analytical technique for these drugs; however, clinicians, patients, and laboratories would benefit from shortening the timeframe between the collection of samples and reporting of results.

Methods:
The authors developed a very rapid LC-MS/MS method for 9 β-lactam antimicrobial drugs on a commercial core–shell reverse-phase LC column by exploiting the performance of such stationary phase materials at a high mobile-phase linear velocity and using a simple flow split to optimize ionization conditions in the mass spectrometer ion source. The method's performance was assessed using a currently validated routine LC-MS/MS assay performed on the same instrument.

Results:
Routine ß-lactam assays were reduced from >6 minutes per sample to less than 2 minutes with improved chromatographic resolution, while still maintaining acceptable analytical performance (average correlation coefficient: 0.99670, interday imprecision: 2.0%–10.8%, and bias: –1.68%), hence generating results in agreement with an existing validated method for patient and quality assurance program samples.

Conclusions:
Time-critical results, such as those for β-lactam antimicrobials, may be reported by the TDM laboratory several hours earlier than current methods allow, providing improved patient care and generating capacity on LC-MS/MS instruments for larger batch sizes and/or additional assays. The simple-to-implement technique demonstrated in this study may be applicable to other TDM assays or any LC-MS/MS method where faster turnaround times are desirable.
Tacrolimus Population Pharmacokinetic Model in Adult Chinese Patients with Nephrotic Syndrome and Dosing Regimen Identification Using Monte Carlo Simulations
Authors: Liao Minghao , Wang Minglu , Zhu Xu , Zhao Limei , Zhao Mingming 
Published: June 2022

Background:
The study aimed to establish a population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model of tacrolimus for Chinese patients with nephrotic syndrome using the patient's genotype and Wuzhi capsule dosage as the main test factors.

Methods:
Ninety-six adult patients with nephrotic syndrome, who were receiving tacrolimus treatment, were enrolled. A nonlinear mixed-effects model was used to determine the influencing factors of interindividual tacrolimus metabolism variation and establish a PPK model. To optimize the tacrolimus dosage, 10,000 Monte Carlo simulations were performed.

Results:
The 1-chamber model of first-order absorption and elimination was the most suitable model for the data in this study. The typical population tacrolimus clearance (CL/F) value was 16.9 L/h. The percent relative standard error (RSE%) of CL/F was 12%. Increased Wuzhi capsule and albumin doses both decreased the tacrolimus CL/F. In CYP3A5 homozygous mutation carriers, the CL/F was 39% lower than that of carriers of the wild-type and heterozygous mutation. The tacrolimus CL/F in patients who were coadministered glucocorticoids was 1.23-fold higher than that of the control. According to the patient genotype and combined use of glucocorticoids, 26 combinations of Wuzhi capsule and tacrolimus doses were matched. The Monte Carlo simulation identified the most suitable combination scheme.

Conclusions:
An improved tacrolimus PPK model for patients with nephrotic syndrome was established, and the most suitable combination of Wuzhi capsule and tacrolimus doses was identified, thus, facilitating the selection of a more economical and safe administration regimen.
Chest pain in a pediatric emergency department: clinical assessment and management reality in a third-level Portuguese hospital
Authors: Pissarra Rita , Pereira Marisa , Amorim Rita , Neto Bárbara Pereira , Lourenço Lara , Santos Luís Almeida 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Chest pain in children and adolescents is a common complaint in the emergency department (ED), being mostly benign. A thorough patient history and physical examination should be enough in most cases for its proper management. Regarding non-cardiac chest pain, anxiety plays an important role.

Methods:
Retrospective analysis of all admissions in a pediatric ED of a Portuguese third-level hospital with a chief complaint of chest pain between January and December 2018. Chi-square test was used to compare different etiologies, considering a significance level of 5%.

Results:
A total of 798 visits were included: 53.6% girls, 80.8% adolescents (mean age: 13years old). According to the Pediatric Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale, 77.7% was prioritized as level IV: less urgent; 65.3% reported associated symptoms including dyspnea (31.8%), cough (18.2%), and palpitations (16.1%). In physical examination, 45.5% had alterations: 62.8% with chest wall tenderness. Further investigation was done in 84% of patients: 62.4% electrocardiograms (altered in 14.7%), 52.6% chest radiographies (altered in 17.1%) and 8.9% cardiac biomarkers (altered in 12.7%). The 3 main causes of chest pain were musculoskeletal (33%), idiopathic (24.4%) and psychogenic (21.6%), with 1.1% of cardiac etiology. Less than 3% needed hospital admission and 18.9% were oriented to an outpatient consultation. 7.1% readmissions reported. When compared to other causes as a group, psychogenic chest pain presented a statistically significant association with female sex, adolescence, psychiatric antecedents, previous stressful event, and normal physical examination. Of these, <30% were oriented to a pedopsychiatry/psychology consultation.

Conclusions:
Opposing to the low priority level in triage, benign diagnosis found, and low hospital admissions, there was a high percentage of complementary diagnostic tests performed with few altered results. In psychogenic chest pain there was a low postdischarge referral. The authors highlight the importance of clinical algorithms to reduce unnecessary tests performed and readmissions and improve orientation and follow-up, particularly in psychogenic etiology.
Functional improvement by body-powered 3D-printed prosthesis in patients with finger amputation
Authors: Lee Min-Yong , Lee Seung Hak , Leigh Ja-Ho , Nam Hyung Seok , Hwang Eun Young , Lee Jung Yeon , Han Sol , Lee Gangpyo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Rationale:
The most common upper limb amputations are finger amputations, resulting in functional limitations that lead to problems with activities of daily living or job loss. For many years, prosthetic options for finger amputations have been limited to passive prostheses. In many countries including South Korea, body-powered finger prostheses have rarely been prescribed due to high cost, lack of experience of physicians and prosthetists, low interest and no coverage by insurance benefits. We report 2 cases of work-related finger amputations in patients who received body-powered 3D-printed finger prostheses.

Patient concerns and diagnosis:
Patient 1 was a 25-year-old woman with second and third finger amputations at the proximal interphalangeal level. Patient 2 was a 26-year-old man who sustained a second finger amputation at proximal interphalangeal level.

Interventions:
We created body-powered 3D-printed finger prostheses that mimicked distal interphalangeal joint motion through patient-driven metacarpophalangeal joint motion using a string connected to a wrist strap and a linkage system. The source code “Knick Finger” was downloaded from e-NABLE.

Outcomes:
After 1 month of prosthesis training, both patients were satisfied with the prostheses and showed improved performance in patient-derived goals of cooking (patient 1) and typing on a computer (patient 2).

Lessons:
Over the past decade, significant advances have been made in 3D-printed prosthetics owing to their light weight, low cost, on-site fabrication, and easy customization. Although there are still several limitations in the general application of 3D-printed finger prostheses, our study suggests that for patients with finger amputations, body-powered 3D-printed finger prostheses have high potential as an additional prosthetic option to the existing passive cosmetic prostheses.
Prognostic significance of A-kinase interacting protein 1 expression in various cancers
Authors: Xue Shanshan , Zhang Chuanmeng , Xu Jie , Zhou Chenglin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background:
Cumulative evidence suggests that A-kinase interacting protein 1 (AKIP1) plays an important role in tumor progression. However, the prognostic value of AKIP1 expression in various cancers remains unclear. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic value of AKIP1 expression in patients with cancer.

Methods:
The PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, CNKI, and Wanfang databases were systematically searched to identify studies in which the effect of AKIP1 expression on prognosis (overall survival or disease-free survival) was investigated. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were combined to assess the effect of AKIP1 expression on patient survival. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs were pooled to estimate the association between AKIP1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with cancer.

Results:
Nineteen eligible studies, encompassing 3979 patients, were included in the meta-analysis. AKIP1 expression was negatively associated with overall survival (HR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.58–2.18, P < .001) and disease-free survival (HR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.53–1.87, P < .001) in patients with cancer. Moreover, AKIP1 overexpression was positively correlated with adverse clinicopathological features, such as tumor size (OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.67–2.94, P < .001), clinical stage (OR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.45–2.90, P < .001), depth of tumor invasion (OR = 2.98, 95% CI: 2.21–4.02, P < .001), and degree of lymph node metastasis (OR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.75–2.57, P < .001).

Conclusions:
High AKIP1 expression is an unfavorable prognostic biomarker and may serve as a potential therapeutic target in patients with cancer.
Primary hypothyroidism with an episode of ventricular tachycardia in a patient with COVID-19
Authors: Liao Pin-Hsu , Cheng Yu-Cheng , Liu Po-Yu , Lee I-Te 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Rationale:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a systemic disease with major clinical manifestations in the respiratory system. However, thyroid involvement has also been reported. We present a case of hypothyroidism with ventricular tachycardia following diagnosis with COVID-19.

Patient concerns:
A 77-year-old man was admitted to the isolation ward due to COVID-19. After respiratory support and medical treatment, the patient was successfully weaned off the ventilator. However, an episode of short-run ventricular tachycardia was detected, and primary hypothyroidism was also diagnosed.

Diagnosis:
Ventricular tachycardia was detected by electrocardiography.

Interventions:
Intravenous amiodarone administration and oral levothyroxine replacement.

Outcomes:
No arrhythmia detected following treatment.

Lessons:
Awareness of the association between hypothyroidism and COVID-19 is important in preventing possible complications.