bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peripheral ulcerative keratitis due to systemic diseases
Authors: Sura Amol A. , McCallum Rex M. 
Published: September 2022

Purpose of reviewTo discuss peripheral ulcerative keratitis, with a focus on the evaluation and management of associated systemic diseases.Recent findingsPeripheral ulcerative keratitis (PUK) is a sight-threatening condition that is often defined by the presence of a crescent-shaped area of peripheral corneal thinning, an epithelial defect, and an inflammatory corneal infiltrate. It is highly associated with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic necrotizing vasculitides like granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and collagen vascular diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus. Undertreated PUK carries a risk of vision loss and premature death.SummaryMultidisciplinary collaboration between the ophthalmologist, rheumatologist, and other consultants is required. Early and aggressive steroid-sparing therapy should be considered in cases due to noninfectious systemic disease.
Current concepts in granulomatosis poly angiitis and the eye
Authors: Sivaraman Bala Murugan , Majumder Parthopratim Dutta , Mahendradas Padmamalini , Somanath Anjana , Pyare Richa , Patil Aditya 
Published: September 2022

Purpose of review
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), a multisystem disease with diverse systemic and protean ocular manifestations. Its pathophysiology, spectrum of the ocular manifestations, changing paradigms in the diagnosis of the disease, recent updates in the treatment patterns are clinically relevant to the treating clinician. They are described in this review.

Recent findings

Summary
The changing trends in the diagnosis, treatment can be adapted to real time clinical practice to provide the best quality of life to patients with GPA.
Cataract surgery considerations in patients with prior history of keratoconus and ectasia
Authors: Moshirfar Majid , Ziari Melody , Ronquillo Yasmyne C. 
Published: September 2022

Purpose of review
Preoperative workup for cataract surgery in patients with keratoconus poses certain challenges, particularly in patients with moderate-to-severe disease. This review aims to outline the appropriate preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative considerations and provides an algorithm to help guide the workup prior to surgery.

Recent findings
A new system for keratoconus progression and staging has been proposed and additional studies comparing intraocular lens (IOL) formulas calculations and biometry devices have been conducted.

Summary
Patients with severe keratoconus have unpredictable results and have an increased risk of a hyperopic refraction postoperatively. Although studies have compared IOL calculation formulas, there is no consensus on management. Clinical considerations and an approach to the workup are presented; however, additional studies are required to determine the most appropriate management of cataracts in severe keratoconus.
Acute Care Physical Therapy and Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Reader Ben , Tysowsky Melana , Collins Andrew B. , Power-Hays Alexandra 
Published: September 2022

Background and Purpose:
Vaso-occlusive crises (VOC) are the most common cause for hospitalization in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease (SCD) in the United States. Physical therapy interventions provide nonpharmacological pain management and help hospitalized patients maintain mobility and function, but little is known about their application to the unique pathophysiology of those with SCD. The purpose of this review is to summarize evidence relevant to the physical therapy management of children and adolescents hospitalized with VOC.

Methods:
A literature search of PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL, and EMBASE databases was performed using key words relevant to physical therapy interventions for children and adolescents with SCD and acute pain.

Results:
Sixteen articles were included in this review. Interventions identified included heat, mobilization, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, massage, yoga, mindfulness, breathing exercises, virtual reality, incentive spirometry, and patient/family education.

Conclusions:
Physical therapists may be able to aid in the acute pain management of patients with SCD. Current literature relies on small observational studies making generalization difficult. Future studies are critical to improve evidence-based physical therapy practice in this population.
Nano–Calcium Carbonate Affect the Respiratory and Function Through Inducing Oxidative Stress
Authors: Lyu Yi , Zhang Qian , Liu Yan , Zhang Wen-Ping , Tian Feng-Jie , Zhang Hui-Fang , Hu Bo-Hua , Feng Juan , Qian Yi , Jiang Yong , Zhang Pan-Hong , Ma Ning , Tang Shi-Chuan , Zheng Jin-Ping , Qiu Yu-Lan 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThe aim of the study is to investigate whether nano–calcium carbonate (nano-CaCO3) occupational exposure could induce adverse health effects in workers.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in a nano-CaCO3manufacturing plant in China. Then, we have studied the dynamic distribution of nano-CaCO3in nude mice and examined the oxidative damage biomarkers of subchronic administrated nano-CaCO3on Sprague-Dawley rats.ResultsThe forced vital capacity (%) and the ratio of FEV1 to FVC is the rate of one second of workers were significantly decreased than unexposed individuals. Dynamic imaging in mice of fluorescence labeled nano-CaCO3showed relatively high uptake and slow washout in lung. Similar to population data, the decline in serum glutathione level and elevation in serum MDA were observed in nano-CaCO3–infected Sprague-Dawley rats.ConclusionsWe found that nano-CaCO3exposure may result in the poor pulmonary function in workers and lead to the changes of oxidative stress indexes.
Attenuated Cardiovascular Reactivity to Acute Psychological Stress Predicts Future Fatigue Symptoms in Truck Drivers
Authors: Guest Amber J. , Clemes Stacy A. , King James A. , Chen Yu-Ling , Ruettger Katharina , Sayyah Mohsen , Sherry Aron , Varela-Mato Veronica , Paine Nicola J. 
Published: September 2022

Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the impact of a 6-month health intervention on truck drivers' cardiovascular reactivity to stress and whether cardiovascular reactivity was predictive of depression, anxiety, or fatigue symptoms at 6-month follow-up.

Methods
Two hundred thirty-eight truck drivers completed a 6-month cluster randomized controlled trial to increase physical activity and completed a stress protocol (Stroop and mirror-tracing tasks) with measurements of heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure taken, alongside fatigue, anxiety, and depressive symptoms assessment. Measures were taken at 0 and 6 months.

Results
Analyses showed a negative relationship between 0-month diastolic blood pressure reactivity and 6-month persistent fatigue. Trends toward negative relationships between systolic blood pressure reactivity and future anxiety and fatigue symptoms at 6 months were evident.

Conclusions
Our findings may have serious implications, as fatigue can be a major cause of road traffic collisions in truck drivers.
Rapid-cycle deliberate practice telehealth as an integrative learning strategy in nurse practitioner education
Authors: Sheikh Kathleen R. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Telehealth is a way for clinicians to deliver care and for patients to access care via the internet. This method of health care delivery has become an expectation of nurse practitioner practice. Rapid-cycle deliberate practice (RCDP) is a technique grounded in cognitive load theory used to teach a sequence of predetermined skills to learners through purposeful skill augmentation and strategic repetition. Throughout the process, students receive feedback based on well-defined objectives. Material is processed from working memory into long-term memory in small portions with the intent to prevent working memory overload. Advanced practice physical assessment in-person simulation laboratory sessions were framed and focused using the RCDP model. In-person sessions were followed by telehealth simulations for the skill area. Both the in-person laboratory and online telehealth visits followed a similar framework: isolate the skill, baseline knowledge, measurable objectives, practice expectations, and evaluation. Leveled telehealth competencies and domain descriptors were used as a guide for the telehealth sessions. Using the RCDP model to facilitate student translation of physical assessment skills from an in-person venue to the telehealth care environment yielded encouraging potential to isolate and evaluate specific skills, address measurable objectives, and identify behaviors that encompass multiple competencies, developmental milestones, and levels of proficiency. The RCDP telehealth simulations showed promise in the education of nurse practitioner students to accomplish key telehealth health assessment behaviors and progression toward readiness for practice.
Cochlear Implantation After Intralabyrinthine Schwannoma Microsurgical Resection
Authors: Goates Andrew J. , Nassiri Ashley M. , Van Gompel Jamie J. , Carlson Matthew L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cochlear implantation after microsurgical resection of intralabyrinthine schwannomas has shown promising results in a limited number of small studies with safe and favorable outcomes. Cochlear implantation is a mainstream treatment for advanced bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and, more recently, has been applied to patients with single-sided deafness.
The case presented is a 66-year-old gentleman with a history of progressive right-sided sensorineural hearing loss and bothersome tinnitus with a right intralabyrinthine schwannoma involving the semicircular canals, vestibule, and basal turn of the cochlea. The authors describe concomitant cochlear implantation after microsurgical resection of an intralabyrinthine schwannoma. Intralabyrinthine schwannomas represent an uncommon subtype of benign tumors arising from the terminal branches of the vestibulocochlear nerve. Symptoms often include sensorineural hearing loss, dizziness, and tinnitus, and in this location, symptoms often arise at a small tumor size. In this featured case, we present a patient who underwent gross total tumor resection and cochlear implantation for hearing rehabilitation and treatment of tinnitus. Six months after surgery, the patient achieved good device performance, scoring 46% on consonant–nucleus–consonant word testing and 66% on AzBio sentence testing, and subjective improvement in his tinnitus.
The correlation between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhou Yuge , Tian Ning , Li Peiling , He Yanting , Tong Lijun , Xie Weining 
Published: September 2022

Objective
The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Methods
All subjects underwent medical check-ups, which included the measurement of basic clinical, biochemical tests and imaging tests. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models and piece-wise linear regression were used to assess the relationship between NLR and PLR with NAFLD.

Results
All participants were divided into two groups: the Non-NAFLD group and the NAFLD group. Univariate analysis model indicated PLR was negatively correlated with NAFLD (P < 0.001) and NLR was not significantly associated with NAFLD (P > 0.05). Multiple logistic regression showed that no correlation between NLR and PLR with NAFLD after adjusting all covariates (P > 0.05). Interestingly, a nonlinear association was detected between NLR and PLR with NAFLD by piece-wise linear regression adjusting for all confounding factors. The inflection points of NLR and PLR were 1.23 and 42.29, respectively. On the left side of the inflection point (NLR < 1.23), a positive correlation was detected between NLR and NAFLD (β = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.20~4.61, P = 0.013). And PLR was found to be negatively associated with NAFLD on the right side of the inflection point (β = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98~0.99, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
This study demonstrated that the relationship between NLR and PLR with NAFLD was nonlinear after adjusting for potential confounding factors. The result suggested that PLR ≥ 42.29 might be a protective factor of NAFLD, while NLR < 1.23 might be a risk factor of NAFLD.
Screening for colorectal cancer: awareness and adherence among Italian women
Authors: Pelullo Concetta Paola , Torsiello Livio , Della Polla Giorgia , Di Giuseppe Gabriella , Pavia Maria 
Published: September 2022

Objective
To evaluate women’s awareness about and attendance to colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs in an area of Southern Italy, and to investigate related potential determinants.

Methods
The survey was conducted among women through a self-administered questionnaire.

Results
Overall, only 20.3% of respondents knew the three cancer screening tests offered to women and this knowledge, at the multivariate logistic regression analysis, resulted to be significantly higher in women who knew the two most common cancers in females, in those who were graduated, had a personal or family history of cancer, and had been informed about cancer prevention by physicians. Only 29.2% of women had ever undergone FOBT, 25% for screening purposes and, of these, 76.4% in the previous 2 years. Among those who had never undergone FOBT, 28.9% reported they had not been invited to attend, 34.5% that the test had not been prescribed by anyone, and 19.1% had no time to undergo. The results of the multivariate logistic regression model revealed that significant determinants of having undergone FOBT for screening purposes were having undergone mammography, having at least one chronic disease, not reporting alcohol consumption and having been informed about cancer screening by physicians.

Conclusion
Our findings have revealed a concerning low awareness about and adherence to CRC screening in women and have highlighted the fundamental role of healthcare workers and of enabling factors in the decision process. Interventions should be directed to increasing awareness, and to promote cancer prevention screening pathways more centered on women’s health needs and convenience.
Continuous clinical remission with biologics in ulcerative colitis: the ‘AURORA’ comparison study
Authors: Cassinotti Andrea , Mezzina Nicolò , De Silvestri Annalisa , Di Paolo Dhanai , Lenti Marco Vincenzo , Bezzio Cristina , Stradella Davide , Mauri Martina , Zadro Valentina , Ricci Chiara , Casini Valentina , Radice Elisa , Massari Alessandro , Maconi Giovanni , Saibeni Simone , Caprioli Flavio , Tari Roberto , Fichera Maria , Cortelezzi Claudio Camillo , Parravicini Marco , Tinelli Carmine , Testoni Pier Alberto , Pace Fabio , Segato Sergio , Invernizzi Pietro , Occhipinti Pietro , Manes Gianpiero , Di Sabatino Antonio , Pastorelli Luca , Vecchi Maurizio , Ardizzone Sandro 
Published: September 2022

Objectives
Comparative trials among biological drugs for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) provided conflicting results. After patent expire of infliximab originator, adalimumab, infliximab biosimilar, golimumab and vedolizumab have been approved in Italy.
We compared the efficacy of these four biologics in UC according to the concept of continuous clinical remission (CCR).

Methods
In a retrospective, multicentre study, all UC patients treated with adalimumab, infliximab biosimilar, golimumab or vedolizumab between 2014 and 2019 were included. All drugs were compared to each other according to the 1-year CCR rate, defined as Mayo partial score ≤2, with bleeding subscore = 0, without any relapse or optimization with dose escalation, topical treatments or steroid use after first clinical remission.

Results
Four-hundred sixteen patients (adalimumab = 90, infliximab biosimilar = 105, golimumab = 79, vedolizumab = 142) were included. CCR was achieved in similar percentages among the groups (33%, 37%, 28%, 37%, respectively). All drugs were equivalent in biologic-naive patients, while vedolizumab was better than a second anti-TNFα in prior anti-TNFα agent failures. No differences were found according to type of adverse events or severe adverse events.

Conclusions
Based on a strict definition of clinical remission, all biologics appear equally effective at 1 year. Changing to vedolizumab is more effective than switching to another anti-TNFα in TNFα failures.
Real-world evidence of quality of life improvement in patients with distal ulcerative colitis treated by mesalazine: the Quartz study
Authors: Paupard Thierry , Gonzalez Florent , Caron Bénédicte , Siproudhis Laurent , Peyrin-Biroulet Laurent 
Published: September 2022

Background
Distal ulcerative colitis (UC) is responsible for distressing symptoms and reduces quality of life (QoL). Oral and topical formulations of 5-amino-salicylic acid are the first line therapy for mild to moderate distal UC.

Objective
Our aim was to evaluate the impact of mesalazine treatment for mild to moderate ulcerative proctitis and proctosigmoiditis on patient QoL.

Methods
Ninety-three patients with mild to moderate ulcerative proctitis and proctosigmoiditis, initiating a treatment with Pentasa, were prospectively included. The primary endpoint was the change from baseline to W8 in patient health-related QoL (HRQoL) as measured by the Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (SIBDQ) total score.

Results
More than 80% of patients were prescribed with a rectal formulation, either alone (47.9%) or with an oral formulation (35.1%), and 17.0% of patients were prescribed oral formulation alone. Mean SIBDQ score was improved at W8 in patients affected with mild and moderate disease (P < 0.001 versus baseline in both groups, as well as in patients who achieved clinical remission (P < 0.001). Patients who achieved clinical remission at W8 reached a mean change of +6.7 (±7.1), whereas those who did not achieve clinical remission had a mean change of +1.1 (±8.9). Seventy-five per cent of patients had an improvement of their disability index at W8. Fecal incontinence was also improved at W8.

Conclusion
HRQoL measuring with the SIBDQ is proportionally related to disease activity in patients with distal UC treated with mesalazine.
Risk prediction model for early postoperative death in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective study based on random forest algorithm and logistic regression
Authors: Gao Yang , Wu Fu-gui , Guo Wen-bo , Zheng Hao , Zhang Lu , Chen Xiu-li , Li Man 
Published: September 2022

Background
At present, little is known about the risk factors of early postoperative death in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods
We collected the data of patients who were diagnosed with primary liver cancer between 2010 and 2015 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database and further allocated them to the training set and validation set. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent influencing factors of early postoperative death of HCC patients. Random forest and Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis were used to screen out vital variables for the construction of the nomogram. It was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve and decision curve analysis.

Results
A total of 4154 patients were selected in this process, including 2647 patients with postoperative early death (outcome1) and 1507 patients with liver cancer-specific postoperative early death (outcome2). Surgery method, age category, marital status and tumor grade were the risk factors for early postoperative death. As for the liver cancer-specific early postoperative death, AJCC, surgery method, chemotherapy and tumor grade were independent prognostic factors. Early death and liver cancer-specific early death nomograms have an area under curves of 0.643 and 0.679 in the training set, respectively, and 0.617 and 0.688 in the validation set. The calibration curve and decision curve analysis shows that the nomograms have good performance.

Conclusion
This model provides an intuitive and practical tool for future studies based on large-scale cohorts by exploring the risk factors of early death in patients with HCCs undergoing surgery.
Prognostic value and morphological findings of overexpression of glypican-3 in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Karaoğullarindan Ümit , Gümürdülü Yüksel , Üsküdar Oguz , Odabaş Emre , Güler Hasan Selim , Tozluklu Nur , Bağir Emine , Kuran Sedef 
Published: September 2022

Objectives
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the seventh most common cancer all worldwide and is second in cancer-related deaths. In HCC, whose prognosis is still not good despite current treatments, there is a need for prognostic markers as well as early diagnosis. Glypican (GPC)-3 has been proposed as a potential serologic and histochemical marker specific to HCC. This study aimed to determine the relationship between GPC3 overexpression and HCC prognosis and clinicomorphologic features.

Materials and methods
In total 152 patients who were diagnosed as a result of hepatectomy, lobectomy or liver transplantation were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups, GPC3-positive (overexpression) (>10%) and GPC3-negative (<10%). The demographic data of the patients, tumor characteristics and survival times were recorded.

Results
Survival was significantly lower in the GPC3+ group. In the multivariate analysis, hepatitis C, AFP, tumor number, tumor focality, portal vein tumor thrombosis and GLP3 positivity were found to be independent risk factors for survival.

Conclusion
Our study shows that GPC3 overexpression is a poor prognostic factor in HCC. GPC3 positivity were found to be an independent risk factor for survival.
“Long-term follow-up and prognosis of celiac hepatitis”
Authors: Garrido Isabel , Liberal Rodrigo , Peixoto Armando , Macedo Guilherme 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
Celiac disease has been associated with abnormal liver function tests at diagnosis that usually resolve with a gluten-free diet (GFD). The aim of this study was to assess the evolution of liver involvement and possible long-term complications in patients on a GFD.

Methods
Retrospective and single-center study, which included all individuals with Celiac disease followed in specialized consultation in a tertiary referral hospital.

Results
A total of 162 patients were included, most of them female (77.8%) with a median age of 24 years (IQR, 7–39). Seventy-four (45.7%) patients had abnormal liver function tests at diagnosis. These individuals had higher anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA (tTG-IgA) antibody titers (126 vs. 29 IU/L; P = 0.003). There were no significant differences in the Marsh classification (P = 0.599). During follow-up, most celiac hepatitis patients had normalization of liver function tests and tTG-IgA antibodies. At the last follow-up, all the patients had fibrosis-4 index <2.4 and an aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index score <0.6. Vibration-controlled transient elastography showed values <6.4 kPa in all cases. On the other hand, it was found that 42.9% of the individuals had a controlled attenuation parameter >206.5 db/m.

Conclusions
In our cohort, liver function tests normalized in the vast majority of celiac hepatitis patients on a GFD, with no progression to chronic liver disease. It should be noted the high number of individuals who present hepatic steatosis during follow-up, which may be related to a diet that tends to be hyperlipidemic and hypercaloric.