bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Typology of Bukidnon State University Using the Commission of Higher Education Standards
Authors: Valdez Maribel G , Dales Zita I 
Published: October 2022

This study examined the horizontal and vertical typology of Bukidnon State University in line with the paradigm shift of the private and public Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in the Philippines to enhance the quality assurance system. This shift intends to rationalize distribution and operation of HEIs in the country. Data were taken from the last five years including 2014 enrolment, undergraduate and graduate degree program offering, thesis requirement, involvement in research and annual research cost expenditure. This is a descriptive study whereby the criteria set by the Commission on Higher Education’s Policy Standard to Enhance Quality Assurance in Philippine Higher Education through an Outcomes-based and Typology-based Quality Assurance (CHED Memorandum Order of 2012) on horizontal typology whether professional institution, college or university found that the horizontal typology of Bukidnon State University is university but with weaknesses in research funding, physical facilities such as laboratories, research linkages abroad, and invented technologies. In the three types of higher education institutions (HEIs) according th vertical classification of the autonomous HEI, deregulated HEI and regulated HEI, Bukidnon State University has yet to pass most of the criteria for the vertical typology and hence, it is still regulated by CHED.Keywords: rationalization, typology, graduate and undergraduate programs, professional programs, non-professional programs
Relections of AB-English Students on their English Language Experiences
Authors: Pagente Roger G. 
Published: October 2022

This study seeks to investigate the language learning experiences of the thirty-nine AB-English majors of Bukidnon State University who were selected through fish-bowl technique from the 157 students enrolled in the AB-English program. Analyses done on the diary, questionnaire, and unstructured interview revealed that the motivation, learners’ belief, self-monitoring, language anxiety, activities, and strategies were the prevailing factors that influenced the learning of English of the participants.Keywords: diary, English language learning experiences, reflections, learner's belief, anxiety, self-motivated learner, teacher's role
Development And Validation Of A Research Culture Index In The Academe
Authors: Barroso Carina Joane Villareal 
Published: October 2022

This study reports on the development and validation of an instrument for measuring the research culture of different academic institutions. The Research Culture Index (RCI) is an instrument shows the sum of different dimensions namely research competency, research process and research productivity. There were 535 respondents which included the administrators, researchers, and faculty members from six State Universities and Colleges in Region. The validation was done through Delphi method and underwent reliability test using Cronbach Alpha, yielding high-reliability result of 0.8 for two trials. The study revealed that among the three dimensions of the Research Culture Index, research competency significantly influenced the outcome of RCI in the academe as reflected by its high optimal weight. The three prime universities in Region X namely: Mindanao State of Science and Technology; Bukidnon State University and Central Mindanao University, have high research culture index. Demographic data further shows that age has a significant bearing on dimension 1: research competency of the faculty, while the academic rank of the faculty has a significant bearing on the two dimensions namely, research competency, and research process.

Keywords: Research Culture Index (RCI), Research Competency, Research Process, Research Productivity
Reconsidering Gender and Migration: An Exploratory Study in Rural Village Cambodian Women
Authors: Spires Robert W. , Tost Jeremy 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLife in rural Cambodia is difficult and rural women face issues such as gender-based violence, limited educational opportunities, and pressure to work while maintaining domestic roles. The current exploratory study examines the attitudes of rural Cambodian women (n = 48), framed within in context of migration to Thailand, with particular focus on the areas of community ailments, migration, and educational opportunities. Descriptive statistics indicate the persistence of an unhealthy community, with participants acknowledging the problems of domestic violence, crime, drug use, alcohol use, and depression. The data suggest some improvement in Cambodia, though participants nonetheless recognized working in Thailand as a competing option to the rural village life. Education is viewed positively, with evidence suggesting that the perceived benefits of education do not outweigh the economic push factors. As incoming aid money increases, before data will be helpful in guiding conclusions and informing decision making. Conclusions reflect a nuanced perspective of female participants’ agency given their challenging situation, reflecting informed decision making with informal risk analysis. Keywords: Cambodia, women, rural, migration, education
Differential Characteristics of Poor and Non-Poor Communities in Malaybalay City
Authors: Mirasol Joy M , Dales Zita I 
Published: October 2022

Poverty is a multi-dimensional phenomenon. In this study, eight dimensions were considered: demography, economic activities, environmental sanitation, literacy and education, social welfare, food shortage and food threshold of 14,528 households of Malaybalay City, Bukidnon. Given these dimensions, discriminant analysis was used to establish the characteristics of poor and non-poor households on the basis of multiple responses on all households. The classification results reveal 87.9% of households were classified correctly into poor and non-poor groups. Initial results further revealed that literacy and education and environmental sanitation were the strongest predictors of the group classification. Furthermore, on the basis of the classification rule developed in the study, of the identified poor households only 32.14% were recipients of the poverty reduction program of the city while 67.86% of the recipients were actually non-poor. The classification rule developed by this study did not match the classification rule of the city. The analysis of this paper is certainly not of sufficient complexity to allow a comprehensive poverty reduction strategy for Malaybalay City to be devised entirely from this result. Nevertheless, it does provide policy planners with objective measures on the distribution of goods and services for poverty alleviation that might be realized from sectoral poverty reduction strategy. Policy planners should view this result as a guide to allocate resources for poverty reduction in a more informed evidence-based manner.Keywords: differential characteristics, poverty, discriminant analysis
Economic Dimension in the Ways of Life of the Seven Tribes of Bukidnon
Authors: Partosa Cornelia T 
Published: October 2022

This study on the Ways of Life of the Seven Tribes of Bukidnon focuses on the economic dimension, specifically on livelihood and income sources, livelihood assistance and opportunities afforded by the government, problems encountered relative to livelihood and their actual average monthly income. The author used descriptive method of research using semi-structured interviews as the primary approach. Follow-up clarifying interviews were also conducted which were carried out in a conversational style. Field notes were also written in conjunction with the interviews, observations and casual encounters with subjects. Results showed that the seven tribes have farming as their source of livelihood. Other sources of income include farm labor, peddling, weaving, among others. Of the seven only three received livelihood assistance. Although livelihood opportunities are available, lack of capital seems to be the main problem of the tribes. Their average monthly income is very low and not even enough for daily subsistence. Poverty apparently exists in every tribe of Bukidnon. However, there is still a great possibility for the return of self- sufficiency and self-reliance of the seven tribes of Bukidnon if the people’s economic concern is addressed.Keywords: economic dimension, livelihood, income sources, livelihood assistance
Nitrogen-Fixing and Phosphate Solubilizing Potentials of Rhizobacteria from the Rhizosphere of Two Cassava Varieties in Iyamho Community
Authors: Bertha Ehis-Eriakha Chioma , Eromosele Akemu Stephen , Coolborn Akharaiyi Fred 
Published: October 2022

Microorganisms in close association with the roots of plants can enhance plant growth, through nitrogen fixation (NF) and phosphorus solubilization (PS). Although the type of microbes in close association with different plants varies, their population and genetic capabilities is affected by several factors. Therefore, in this study, the plant growth promoting properties of rhizobacteria present in the rhizosphere of two cassava varieties (Sweet cassava US, bitter cassava ST) indigenous to Iyamho community was explored. The samples were analyzed for total culturable heterotrophic bacteria community and the obtained isolates were screened for NF and PS abilities using a semi-solid N-free medium and Pikovaskya agar respectively. The bacterial population in both agar medium varied, however, the bacterial counts on Luria Bertani (3.67 x 105, 3.35 x 106) was higher than Nutrient agar (2.73 x 105, 2.68 x 105) after incubation for 24 hours at 37oC for sweet and bitter cassava rhizosp here respectively. Also, isolates from sweet cassava had the highest bacteria count in both Nutrient agar and Luria Bertani agar. A total of sixteen isolates were obtained, six phosphate solubilizers, five nitrogen fixers, and five without traits for either NF or PS. The Gram-negative bacterial group was more dominant across all isolates while the dominant genus was Bacillus. This study indicates that the nitrogen fixers and phosphate solubilizers are major constituents of the rhizomicrobe of cassava plants although the distribution varies across cassava varieties. However, sweet cassava rhizosphere harbored more nitrogen-fixing bacteria while both varieties had the same amount of phosphate solubilizing rhizobacteria.
Performance of 3 Sets of Criteria for Potentially Inappropriate Prescribing in Older People to Identify Inadequate Drug Treatment
Authors: Wallerstedt Susanna M. , Svensson Staffan A. , Lönnbro Johan , Hieronymus Fredrik , Fastbom Johan , Hoffmann Mikael , Parodi López Naldy 
Published: October 2022

ImportancePotentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) and potential prescribing omissions (PPOs) are used in research to reflect the quality of drug treatment in older people and have been suggested for inclusion in core outcome sets for evaluation of interventions for improved prescribing. Their validation so far, however, is primarily restricted to expert opinion–based processes.ObjectiveTo evaluate the performance of 3 explicit PIM/PPO criteria sets as diagnostic tools to identify inadequate drug treatment in older patients.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis diagnostic study analyzed patients aged 65 years or older consecutively included from 2 primary health care centers from October to November 2017. Data were analyzed from February to August 2022.ExposuresThe PIMs/PPOs were concordantly identified by 2 specialist physicians (2018-2019) retrospectively after a planned physician visit, using 3 European PIM/PPO criteria sets and without knowledge of this diagnostic study.Main Outcomes and MeasuresArea under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, reflecting the ability of PIM/PPO criteria sets to identify the reference standard of inadequate drug treatment, determined by 2 specialist physicians in consensus. Inadequate drug treatment implied that additional action related to the medication could be medically justified before the next regular visit.ResultsA total of 302 patients were analyzed (median age, 74 [IQR, 69-81] years; 178 women [59%]; median number of drugs in the medication list, 6 [IQR, 3-9]); 98 patients (32%) had inadequate drug treatment. A total of 0 to 8 PIMs/PPOs per patient were identified using the Screening Tool of Older Persons’ Prescriptions (STOPP)/Screening Tool to Alert to Right Treatment (START) criteria, 0 to 6 with the European EU(7)-PIM list, and 0 to 12 with the Swedish set of indicators of prescribing quality. The areas under the ROC curve for the 3 sets to identify the reference standard for inadequate drug treatment were 0.60 (95% CI, 0.53-0.66) for the STOPP/START criteria, 0.69 (95% CI, 0.63-0.75) for the EU(7)-PIM list, and 0.73 (95% CI, 0.67-0.80) for the Swedish set. For comparison, the area under the ROC curve was 0.71 (95% CI, 0.65-0.78) using the number of drugs in the medication list.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this diagnostic study, the evaluated PIM/PPO sets had poor to fair performance as diagnostic tools to identify inadequate drug treatment, comparable with a simple count of the number of drugs in the medication list. These findings suggest that use of PIMs/PPOs as indicators of drug treatment quality in core outcome sets for the evaluation of interventions for improved prescribing may need reconsideration.
Association of Virtual Care Expansion With Environmental Sustainability and Reduced Patient Costs During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Welk Blayne , McArthur Eric , Zorzi Alexandra P. 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceThere is a growing focus on environmental sustainability in health care.ObjectiveTo estimate the environmental and patient-level financial benefits associated with the widespread adoption of virtual care during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based cross-sectional study obtained data from linked administrative databases in the universal health care system of Ontario, Canada, from March 2020 to December 2021. Participants included all people with a physician claim for at least 1 episode of virtual care.ExposuresPatients were stratified by age, socioeconomic status quintiles, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and area of residence (rural or urban).Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcomes were total travel distance and estimated travel-related carbon dioxide emissions avoided owing to virtual care visits. Different model assumptions were used to account for electric and hybrid vehicles and public transit use. The secondary outcomes were estimated patient costs (gasoline, parking, or public transit expenses) avoided.ResultsDuring the 22-month study period, 10 146 843 patients (mean [SD] age, 44.1 [23.1] years; 5 536 611 women [54.6%]) had 63 758 914 physician virtual care visits. These visits were associated with avoidance of 3.2 billion km of travel distance and between 545 and 658 million kg of carbon dioxide emissions. Patients avoided an estimated total of $569 to $733 million (Canadian [US $465-$599 million]) in parking, public transit, and gasoline costs. Carbon dioxide emission avoidance and patient cost savings were more apparent in patients living in rural areas, those with higher comorbidity, and those who were older than 65 years.Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this study suggest that virtual care was associated with a large amount of carbon dioxide emissions avoided owing to reduced patient travel and with millions of dollars saved in parking, gasoline, or public transit costs. These benefits are likely to continue as virtual care is maintained as part of the health care system.
A Geographic Analysis of Google Characterizations of Who Is an "Eye Doctor" Across the US
Authors: Soares Rebecca R. , Nahar Ankur , Mahmoudzadeh Raziyeh , Kazan Adina S. , Williamson John E. , Wong Michael K. , Hsu Jason , Chiang Allen , Yonekawa Yoshihiro 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceIn order to continue to clarify and maintain their role as eye physicians and surgeons, ophthalmologists may want to understand how they are viewed in the public eye and online.ObjectiveTo determine the representation of ophthalmologists (OMD) and optometrists (ODs) when a Google search for “eye doctor near me” is made from each county in the US.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based cross-sectional study used publicly available data on OMDs and ODs and a Google search application programming interface (API) to search the phrase “eye doctor near me” from the geographic coordinates of each county centroid in the US (searched June 30, 2021). The top 10 sites and 3 Google map links, excluding physician ratings sites, were recorded. Data from the US Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services were used to estimate the real number of OMDs and ODs per county.Main Outcome and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the mean proportion of OMDs listed by Google search as compared with the real proportion of OMDs for the US overall and for each state and county.ResultsA total of 2955 counties from 52 states and territories were included. The overall mean proportion of OMDs (OMDs with ODs) from the Google search of all counties was 4726.97 of 16 345.93 (28.91%), which was also less than the real proportion of ODs (15 778 of 41 975 [37.58%], a difference of 8.67%; 95% CI, 37.13-38.05%; P &amp;lt; .001). OMDs were underrepresented by Google in 35 of 52 states and territories (67.3%).Conclusions and RelevanceIn most counties in the US, Google search of the phrase “eye doctor near me” may underrepresent ophthalmologists. Ophthalmologists may want to pursue search engine optimization to try to achieve balanced representation online.
Quantifying Total and Out-of-Pocket Costs Associated With Head and Neck Cancer Survivorship
Authors: Massa Sean T. , Chidambaram Smrithi , Luong Peter , Graboyes Evan M. , Mazul Angela L. 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceOncologic treatment is costly to the health care system and to individuals, but patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) also have long-term care needs after treatment. Survivors of HNC require specific consideration given their rapidly growing numbers. This subpopulation of cancer survivors often experiences long-term treatment-associated morbidity.ObjectiveTo describe the total and out-of-pocket (OOP) costs associated with HNC survivorship and the risk factors for financial toxicity among this population.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a retrospective review and economic evaluation of a cohort of US adults with a diagnosis of HNC from 2006 to 2018. The study used data the from IBM MarketScan Commercial Claims Database. Data were analyzed from November 2020 to June 2022.ExposuresTreatment for HNC.Main Outcomes and MeasuresTotal and OOP medical costs were assessed monthly and reported relative to the date of HNC diagnosis. The primary outcome was the difference between a patient’s mean monthly survivorship costs (13-60 months after diagnosis) and mean monthly baseline costs (7-12 months before diagnosis). Univariate and multivariable linear regression models were created for total and OOP costs to generate coefficient estimates with 95% CIs.ResultsThe study cohort of this economic evaluation included 19 098 patients with HNC (median [range] age, 56 [18-64] years; 14 144 [74.1%] men and 4954 [25.9%] women; race and ethnicity were not considered). Throughout the survivorship period, median total and OOP costs were $372 per month and $31 per month higher than baseline costs, respectively, with variation in expenses by demographic information, health plan type, and oncologic variables. In the multivariable model, greater total and OOP excess survivorship costs were associated with female sex ($343/mo; 95% CI, $126 to $560 and $9/mo; 95% CI, $4 to $14). Highest and lowest total excess survivorship costs associated with cancer site were seen for hypopharyngeal ($1908/mo; 95% CI, $1102 to $2714) and oropharyngeal cancers (−$703/mo; 95% CI, −$967 to −$439) vs oral cavity cancers. Compared with surgery or radiation therapy alone, multimodal treatment was generally associated with excess OOP survivorship costs.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this retrospective economic evaluation review suggest that the costs of HNC survivorship remain persistently elevated above baseline costs for at least 5 years after diagnosis. High survivorship costs were associated with female sex, hypopharyngeal tumors, and treatment with multimodal therapy. Practitioners should seek to minimize costs for these patients at higher-risk of financial toxicity after treatment and work to provide directed supportive services.
Passivating {100} Facets of PbS Colloidal Quantum Dots via Perovskite Bridges for Sensitive and Stable Infrared Photodiodes
Authors: Chen Duo , Liu Yuxuan , Xia Bing , Chen Long , Yang Yang , Yang Gaoyuan , Liu Jing , Lu Shuaicheng , Ge Ciyu , Liu Peilin , Yang Junrui , Liang Guijie , Lan Xinzheng , Zeng Xiangbin , Li Luying , Zhang Jianbing , Xiao Zewen , Gao Liang , Tang Jiang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSolution‐processed PbS colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are promising optoelectronic materials for next‐generation infrared imagers due to their monolithic integratability with silicon readout circuit and tunable bandgap controlled by CQDs size. However, large‐size PbS CQDs (diameter >4 nm) for longer shortwave‐infrared photodetection consist mainly of {100} facets with incomplete surface passivation and unsatisfied stability. Here, it is reported that perovskite‐bridged PbS CQDs, in which the {100} facets of the CQDs are epitaxially bridged with CsPbI3–xBrx perovskite, can achieve improved passivation and enhanced stability in comparison with the traditional strategies. The resultant infrared CQDs photodiodes exhibit significantly reduced dark current, nearly 50% enhanced photoresponse, and improved work stability. These superior properties synergistically produce the most balanced performance (with a high −3 dB bandwidth of 42 kHz and an impressive specific detectivity of 6.2 × 1012 Jones) among the reported CQDs photodetectors.
Cyclodextrin Nano‐Assemblies Enabled Robust, Highly Stretchable, and Healable Elastomers with Dynamic Physical Network
Authors: Li Sijia , Liu Jize , Wei Zehui , Cui Qinke , Yang Xin , Yang Yong , Zhang Xinxing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractArtificial materials with biomimic self‐healing ability are fascinating, however, the balance between mechanical properties and self‐healing performance is always a challenge. Here, a robust, highly stretchable self‐healing elastomer with dynamic reversible multi‐networks based on polyurethane matrix and cyclodextrin‐assembled nanosheets is proposed. The introduction of cyclodextrin nano‐assemblies with abundant surface hydroxyl groups not only forms multiple interfacial hydrogen bonding but also enables a strain‐induced reversible crystalline physical network owing to the special nanoconfined effect. The formation and dissociation of a dynamic crystalline physical network under stretching–releasing cycles skillfully balance the contradiction between mechanical robustness and self‐healing ability. The resulting nanocomposites exhibit ultra‐robust tensile strength (40.5 MPa), super toughness (274.7 MJ m−3), high stretchability (1696%), and desired healing efficiency (95.5%), which can lift a weight ≈ 100 000 times their own weight. This study provides a new approach to the development of mechanically robust self‐healing materials for engineering applications such as artificial muscles and healable robots.