bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Right Ventricular Stiffness on Discordance between Hemodynamic Parameter and Regurgitant Volume in Patients with Pulmonary Regurgitation
Authors: Motoi Ko , Iwano Hiroyuki , Tsuneta Satonori , Ishizaka Suguru , Tamaki Yoji , Aoyagi Hiroyuki , Nakamura Kosuke , Murayama Michito , Nakabachi Masahiro , Yokoyama Shinobu , Nishino Hisao , Kaga Sanae , Takeda Atsuhito , Anzai Toshihisa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Accurate detection of significant pulmonary regurgitation (PR) is critical in management of patients after right ventricular (RV) outflow reconstruction in Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) patients, because of its influence on adverse outcomes. Although pressure half time (PHT) of PR velocity is one of the widely used echocardiographic markers of the severity, shortened PHT is suggested to be seen in conditions with increased RV stiffness with mild PR. However, little has been reported about the exact characteristics of patients showing discrepancy between PHT and PR volume in this population.
Methods
Echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed in 74 TOF patients after right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reconstruction [32 ± 10 years old]. PHT was measured from the continuous Doppler PR flow velocity profile and PHT < 100 ms was used as a sign of significant PR. Presence of end-diastolic RVOT forward flow was defined as RV restrictive physiology. By using phase-contrast MRI, forward and regurgitant volumes through the RVOT were measured and regurgitation fraction was calculated. Significant PR was defined as regurgitant fraction ≥ 25%.
Results
Significant PR was observed in 53 of 74 patients. While PHT < 100 ms well predicted significant PR with sensitivity of 96%, specificity of 52%, and c-index of 0.72, 10 patients showed shortened PHT despite regurgitant fraction < 25% (discordant group). Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion and left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction were comparable between discordant group and patients showing PHT < 100 ms and regurgitant fraction ≥ 25% (concordant group). However, discordant group showed significantly smaller mid RV diameter (30.7 ± 4.5 vs 39.2 ± 7.3 mm, P < 0.001) and higher prevalence of restrictive physiology (100% vs 42%, P < 0.01) than concordant group. When mid RV diameter ≥ 32 mm and absence of restrictive physiology were added to PHT, the predictive value was significantly improved (c-index: 0.89, P < 0.001 vs PHT alone by multivariable logistic regression model).
Conclusion
Patients with increased RV stiffness and non-enlarged right ventricle showed short PHT despite mild PR. Although it has been expected, this was the first study to demonstrate the exact characteristics of patients showing discrepancy between PHT and PR volume in TOF patients after RVOT reconstruction.
The Power of Rotation Schedules on the Career Selection Decisions of Medical Students
Authors: Bechara John P. , Shah Priti Pradhan , Lindor Keith 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Choosing a career pathway in medicine is a high stakes decision for both medical students and the field of medicine as a whole. While past research has examined how characteristics of the medical student or specialties influence this decision, we introduce temporal elements as novel variables influencing career selection decisions in medicine. Specifically, we investigate how timing and duration of residency options, based on a rotation schedule that medical students have limited control over, influence their career selection decisions. An archival study investigating 5 years of medical student rotation schedules (N = 115) reveals that clinical rotation options appearing earlier and more often in the schedule were more likely to be selected. Moreover, timing and duration of exposure interacted such that such that residency options appearing later in the schedules were more likely to be selected if they also appeared more often. Conditional logistic regressions using student fixed-effects to control for idiosyncratic medical student differences (i.e., gender, & debt, etc.), and residency fixed-effects to control for idiosyncratic residency differences (income, and lifestyle, etc.), revealed the rotation schedule had a significant impact on residency selection decisions even when controlling for factors typically influencing this decision. Medical students’ career decisions are influenced by when and how long different choice options appear in their rotation schedule, especially when they have limited influence over this schedule. The results have implications for healthcare policy by highlighting a tool for adjusting physician workforce composition by broadening exposure to a greater array of career options.
The Tolerance of Refractive Errors of Extended Depth of Focus Intraocular Lens in Patients with Previous Corneal Refractive Surgery
Authors: Zheng Hansong , Tan Qian , Zhou Suowang , Luo Wenjing , Ortega-Usobiaga Julio , Wang Li , Wang Yong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the tolerance of refractive errors and visual outcomes of extended depth of focus intraocular lens (EDOF IOLs) in patients with previous corneal refractive surgery for myopia.
Methods
Patients from Wuhan Aier Eye Hospital with previous myopia excimer laser correction underwent cataract surgery and implantation of an EDOF IOL. The follow-up period was three months. The uncorrected distance, intermediate, and near visual acuities (UDVA, UIVA, UNVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), spherical equivalent (SE), defocus curve, optical quality, including modulation transfer functions (MTF) and Strehl ratio (SR), National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire-14 for Chinese people (VF-14-CN), spectacle independence, and dysphotopsia were assessed.
Results
At the final visit, UDVA, CDVA, UIVA, and UNVA (logMAR) were 0.07 ± 0.09, 0.01 ± 0.04, 0.10 ± 0.08, 0.20 ± 0.11, respectively. The mean spherical equivalent (SE) was ± 0.75 ± 0.49D, where 42% (21 eyes) were within ± 0.50D, 70% (35 eyes) were within ± 1.00D, and 98% (49 eyes) were within ± 1.50D. The defocus curve showed that visual acuity could reach 0.1 in the refractive range of 0 ~ -1.5D. SR and MTF values of 10, 15, 20, 35, and 30 c/d spatial frequency were measured with a 3 mm pupil diameter after removing the influence of low-order aberrations, which were all higher than the values before the operation. The mean VF-14-CN questionnaire score was 51.02 ± 2.95 out of 56.
Conclusion
The EDOF IOLs have a certain tolerance for refractive errors, and they are recommended for patients with prior myopia excimer laser surgery to achieve satisfactory visual performance.
A Combined Synchronization Index for Grassroots Activism on Social Media
Authors: Ng Lynnette Hui Xian , Carley Kathleen M 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Social media has provided a citizen voice, giving rise to grassroots collective action, where users deploy a concerted effort to disseminate online narratives and even carry out offline protests. Sometimes these collective action are aided by inorganic synchronization, which arise from bot actors. It is thus important to identify the synchronicity of emerging discourse on social media and the indications of organic/inorganic activity within the conversations. This provides a way of profiling an event for possibility of offline protests and violence. In this study, we build on past definitions of synchronous activity on social media – simultaneous user action – and develop a Combined Synchronization Index (CSI) which adopts a hierarchical approach in measuring user synchronicity. We apply this index on six political and social activism events on Twitter and analyzed three action types: synchronicity by hashtag, URL and @mentions.The CSI provides an overall quantification of synchronization across all action types within an event, which allows ranking of a spectrum of synchronicity across the six events. Human users have higher synchronous scores than bot users in most events; and bots and humans exhibits the most synchronized activities across all events as compared to other pairs (i.e., bot-bot and human-human). We hope this work aids in investigating synchronized action within social media in a collective manner.
Is it possible to derive a mathematical physical form for Euler’s formula in the reality of complex harmonic oscillator?
Authors: Sanduk Mohammed 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Euler’s formula is a pure mathematical formula. In spite of its nonphysical nature, the form of this formula has a genuine fundamental role in quantum mechanics, but with no physical reason for this role. Philosophically, Heisenberg has proposed Kantian ideas in physics like “nature in itself”, unobservable nature, and “nature as appears”. He proposed a possibility of mathematical formulation for a system in nature in itself. In the present work, a mathematical model of rolling circles in real space has been proposed as a model for a system in nature in itself. Observation process acts as a transformation of the system to a model in observable nature. Partial observation transforms the real position vector of a point in that system to a form similar to the Euler’s formula. That causes the appearance of the imaginary unit. Interestingly, the transformed real kinematical forms exhibit similarity with the forms of relativistic quantum mechanics.
Decay-times of pions and kaons formed by laser-induced nuclear processes in ultra-dense hydrogen H(0)
Authors: Holmlid Leif 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Laser-induced nuclear reactions in ultra-dense hydrogen H(0) (see review in Physica Scripta 2019) create mesons (kaons, pions) with up to 100 MeV thus velocity 0.55 c for the kaons. The pion decay-time is determined to be 25.92 ± 0.04 ns (standard fit error) in agreement with the tabulated results from the Particle Data Group. The same general behaviour is found with either deuterium or normal hydrogen forming the ultra-dense phase H(0) on the laser target. Many mesons decay close to the target and generate muons with relativistic energies at current densities of 1–10 mA cm-2 per laser pulse of < 0.4 J energy as measured at 1–2 m distances. This corresponds to 1013 muons and a similar number of initially created mesons per laser pulse. The large number of mesons created proves that they are formed from the baryons in H(0). Here the decay-times of the initially formed kaons and pions are measured accurately. Their kinetic energies are determined from their dilated decay-times. A baryon annihilation process agrees with the observed particle types and their energies (Holmlid, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2021, Holmlid and Olafsson High Energy Density Physics 2021). It gives creation of a pair of kaons and of two pairs of pions from a pair of baryon-antibaryon with accurate energy.
Assessment of trace metal accumulation potentials and Health risk of three selected edible mushroom species from Ehime Mbano Imo state, Nigeria.
Authors: Eze Sunday , Okechukwu Chioma , Okechukwu Victor , Omokpariola Daniel , Umeh Chisom , Morah Ebele , Omokpariola Patrick , Akolawole Joseph , Ifeagwu Ogochukwu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The effects of processing on the chemical properties (proximate, mineral, vitamins, as well as anti-nutritional factors and oil characterization) of Mucuna flagellipes seeds and seed oil were assessed. Mucuna flagellipes seeds were purchased from a local market in Isiagu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria and divided into three equal portions, which were further processed by frying, boiled, and roasted. Samples were analyzed by official methods of analysis as results generated were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The proximate compositions showed a significant difference at (P < 0.05) in some nutrients evaluated. In terms of moisture content, all the fried samples were lower (5.00%) than the boiled (14.53%) and roasted (11.87%) samples. The protein content of the processed samples was low, and no significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed. The seed oil was extracted with (40–60°C) n-hexane and the oil was separated from the solvent using a rotary evaporator. The saponification value, peroxide value, and iodine value showed significant differences (P < 0.05). The fat content showed lower values of 5.13%, 3.87%, and 4.87% for fried, boiled, and roasted Mucuna flagellipes seed oil. The seed samples contained no less than 0.60 mg/100 g of oxalate, 0.70 mg/kg of phytate in addition to high alkaloid, terpenoid, cyanide, and flavonoid values. The predominant mineral was sodium in all the processed samples with the values ranging from (119.48mg/kg) to (102.20mg/kg) followed by magnesium 8.53mg/100ml, 7.12mg/100ml, and 7.03mg/100ml for fried, boiled, and roasted Mucuna flagellipes, while all the processed samples were significantly low in potassium (0.37 to 0.30mg/kg). There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) observed in some of the vitamin content. These research results may offer a scientific basis for the use of the processed Mucuna flagellipes seeds as food for humans and its oil extracts for the manufacture of industrial products.
40 years of actigraphy in sleep medicine: where do we stand on the state-of-the-art algorithms?
Authors: Patterson Matthew , Nunes Adonay , Gerstel Dawid , Pilkar Rakesh , Guthrie Tyler , Neishabouri Ali , Guo Christine 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
For the last 40 years, actigraphy or wearable accelerometry has provided an objective, low- burden and ecologically valid approach to assess real-world sleep and circadian patterns, contributing valuable data to epidemiological and clinical insights on sleep and sleep disorders. The proper use of wearable technology in sleep research requires validated algorithms that can derive sleep outcomes from the sensor data. Since the publication of the first automated scoring algorithm by Webster in 1982, a variety of sleep algorithms have been developed and contributed to sleep research, including many recent ones that leverage machine learning and / or deep learning approaches. However, it remains unclear, how these algorithms compare to each other on the same data set and if these modern data science approaches improve analytical validity of sleep outcomes based on wrist-worn acceleration data. This work provides a systematic evaluation across 8 state-of-the-art sleep algorithms on a common sleep data set with polysomnography (PSG) as ground truth. Despite the inclusion of recently published complex algorithms, simple regression-based and heuristic algorithms demonstrated slightly superior performance in sleep-wake classification and sleep outcome estimation. The performance of complex machine learning and deep learning models seem to suffer from poor generalization. This independent and systematic analytical validation of sleep algorithms provides key evidence on the use of wearable digital health technologies for sleep research and care.
N-FORMYL-Tripeptides Substituted at The Methionine Residue By an Aspartic QR Glutamic Acid: Effects on Neutrophil Biological Activity
Authors: Ferretti Maria E. , Spisani Susanna , Fabbri Elena , Alvoni Serena , Cavicchioni Giorgio 
Published: November 2022

Abstract:
The formyl-peptides for-Glu-Leu-Phe-OMe 1 and for-Asp-Leu-Phe-OMe 2 were synthesized in order to study the influence of a net negative charge, along the side chain of the first residue, on human neutrophil biological responses. The compounds exert a weak chemotactic as well as secretory activity. Moreover, they are neither able to enhance intracellular calcium levels nor to elicit oxygen-dependent mechanisms.We suggest that the receptor pocket does not accept a net negative charge on the side chain of the first residue.
Early Cognitive Impairment at Acute Stage After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Hu Hua , You Shoujiang , Cao Yongjun , huang Yaqian , Gu Cong , Zhang Wei , Wang Jiayun , Xu Jiaping , Liu Jing 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Cognitive impairment after acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is common.
While the evidence of early cognitive impairment at the acute stage after ICH is limited. We
determined the frequency and risk factors of early cognitive impairment at the acute stage and investigated
its association with delayed cognitive impairment after ICH.

Methods:
A total of 208 patients with acute ICH were enrolled from January 2017 to February
2019. Cognitive function was assessed during the acute stage and at follow-up using Montreal Cognitive
Assessment (MoCA) score. Significant cognitive impairment was defined as having a MoCA
score <20 at the acute stage (within 1 week after hospital admission) or during follow-up.

Results:
The mean observation period was 20 (IQC 17-23) months, and follow-up cognitive function
data were collected from 185 patients. 89 (42.8%) and 86 (46.5%) patients had an acute stage
and delayed significant cognitive impairment, respectively. Older age, large baseline hematoma
volume, more severe ICH, and low level of education were significantly associated with significant
cognitive impairment at the acute stage (all P ≤ 0.009). In the multivariable logistic regression model,
the low MoCA score (odds ratio [OR] 0.59; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.48-0.71; P＜0.001)
at the acute stage was independently associated with delayed significant cognitive impairment after
ICH.

Conclusion:
Near half of the patients had significant cognitive impairment at the acute stage after
ICH. Cognitive impairment is more frequent in the elderly, those with large baseline hematoma
volume, and more severe initial neurological deficit. Having a lower MoCA score during the acute
phase was independently associated with an increased risk of delayed cognitive impairment.
Molecular Docking, In silico ADMET Study and Synthesis of Quinoline
Derivatives as Dihydrofolate Reductase (DHFR) Inhibitors: A Solvent-free
One-pot Green Approach Through Sonochemistry
Authors: Mehta Meshwa , Patel Stuti , Patel Ashish , Patel Yug , Shah Drashti , Rathod Keyur , Shah Umang , Patel Mehul , Bambharoliya Tushar 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Quinoline derivatives have evinced their biological importance in targeting bacteria
by inhibiting Dihydrofolate reductase. H2SO4 was successfully applied as an acid catalyst for a
green, efficient, and one-pot solvent-free synthesis of quinoline derivatives using sonochemistry approach
from various aromatic amines and glycerol with affording yield up to 96% within 6-10 min.

Objective:
In this study, the synthesis, characterization, and biological assessment of fifteen quinoline
derivatives (1-15) as potential DHFR inhibitors were carried out. The target compounds were docked to
study the molecular interactions and binding affinities with the 1DLS enzyme.

Methods:
The synthesized molecules were characterized using IR, MASS, and 1H and 13C NMR. The Insilico
molecular docking study was carried out through target Human Dihydrofolate Reductase (DHFR)
retrieved from a protein data bank having PDB ID: 1DLS and the antimicrobial activity of all synthesized
compounds were tested against Human Dihydrofolate Reductase(DHFR) enzyme by using in-vitro DHFR
assay kit.

Results:
The molecular docking results revealed that compounds 2 and 6 have the lowest binding energy
and good binding affinity with the DHFR enzyme. In-silico ADMET predictions revealed that all bestscored
compounds had good absorption and drug-like properties for potential use as DHFR inhibitors to
treat bacterial infection. The in vitro studies revealed that compounds 2 and 6 show potent DFHR inhibitory
activity against gram-positive and gram-negative with IC50 = 12.05 ± 1.55 μM and 10.04 ± 0.73 μM,
respectively. While compounds 12, 13, and 15 exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity through DHFR
inhibition with IC50= 16.33 ± 0.73 μM, 17.02 ± 1.55 μM, and 18.04 ± 1.05 μM, respectively.

Conclusion:
This environmentally benign sonochemistry-based approach for synthesizing quinoline derivatives
could be affordable for large-scale production and become a potential lead candidate for developing
a new quinoline-based antimicrobial agent.
Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Systematic
Review on Pathways and Mechanisms
Authors: Upaganlawar Aman B. , Gawali Shweta V. , Marde Vaibhav S. , Kale Nandini B. , Dhokne Mrunali D. , Kale Mayur B. , Wankhede Nitu L. , Taksande Brijesh G. , Umekar Milind J. 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are types of disorders that are marked by a wide range of genetic and clinical mutability which will affect the development and function of the brain. Mitochondria are increasingly associated with various neurodevelopmental disorders and it is found because of mutation of mitochondrial genes, which leads to mitochondrial dysfunction.

Objective:
Understanding the pathways and mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction related to neurodevelopmental disorders such as ADHD, Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease (PMD), mental retardation, Autism spectrum disorder, Rett's syndrome, and Fragile X syndrome is important. In this review, we discussed the possible factors associated with mitochondria that influence the clinical presentation of NDDs, better understanding of the mechanisms behind these pathways will hopefully be helpful for the diagnosis and treatment approaches.

Conclusion:
Mitochondria are simply another subcellular victim of various neurodegenerative pathways, or are they a common denominator on the path to neurodegeneration? A better understanding of functional and molecular mechanistic pathways can lead to the identification of potential targets, thereby opening perspectives for future treatment.
Development of Experimental Teaching Platform for In-Wheel Motor
Electric Vehicle On-Board Testing
Authors: Wang Pan , Fan Xiaobin , Zhu Shuaiwei , He Shuwen , Chen Xinbo 
Published: November 2022

Background:
The on-board test system is the key technology of in-wheel motor electric
vehicles, which plays a vital role in the safety of the driver and the efficient operation of the vehicle.

Methods:
Based on the requirements of the current in-wheel motor electric vehicle experiment
teaching content, this research develops an in-wheel motor electric vehicle experimental teaching
platform based on Matlab/Simulink and LabVIEW to meet the current needs of the in-wheel motor
electric vehicle experiment teaching content.

Results:
The vehicle speed, sideslip angle, and road adhesion coefficient can be accurately estimated
using the vehicle test platform developed in the article.

Conclusion:
With accurate experimental results, the functionality, value, and teaching value of the
in-wheel motor electric vehicle experimental teaching platform were fully verified.