bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Care relationships and the autonomy of people with physical disabilities
Authors: Sampaio Mauren Alexandra , Bellezi Guilhem Dirce 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAs a form of functional diversity, spinal cord injury expressed by tetraplegia is one of the most serious events that can impact people, affecting their family and socioeconomic life. The type of care relationship established in these cases will be essential for preserving autonomy. The objective of this study was to understand how care relationships influence the autonomy of people with tetraplegia and the dynamics that trigger practices of autonomy violation, maintenance and promotion. This research is inspired by problematization as a methodology using the Arch of Maguerez as an analytical approach strategy that enables an engagement between empirical and theoretical data. Some models of care relationships identified in this study either promote or violate autonomy: the protectionist model, based on the biomedical interpretation model of disability and the bodily impediments caused by spinal cord injury; the participatory model, involving the patient's interest in adapting to their new condition of family and community life, seeking to understand the practical aspects of daily life; the sharing model, in which the complicity and understanding of new forms of bodily expression allow the caregiver to be almost an extension of the tetraplegic person's body; the delegate model, which occurs in relationships with professional caregivers; and the emancipatory model, which seeks to empower the patient, highlight potentialities, and encourage autonomy. The key components of these conceptual care models guided the elaboration of hypotheses for intervention with the objective of maintaining and promoting the autonomy of people with tetraplegia through supported care.
A public–private collaboration model for clinical innovation
Authors: Wegner Craig D. , Mount Bobbie Ann , Colvis Christine M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLaunched in May 2012 as part of the New Therapeutic Uses program, the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS)’ National Institutes of Health (NIH)‐Industry Partnerships initiative fostered collaboration between pharmaceutical companies and the biomedical research community to advance therapeutic development. Over the 10‐year life of the initiative, the industry partners included: AstraZeneca; AbbVie (formerly Abbott); Bristol‐Myers Squibb; Eli Lilly and Company; GlaxoSmithKline; Janssen Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.; Pfizer; Sanofi; and Mereo (out licensed assets). The initiative provided researchers at academic medical centers with a rare opportunity to propose clinical trials to test ideas for new therapeutic uses for a selection of clinic‐ready and often previously proprietary experimental pharmaceutical assets that were provided by industry partners. Here, we describe the process by which collaborations between pharmaceutical companies with viable experimental assets and academic researchers with ideas for new uses of those assets were established; and how NCATS/NIH funding supported not only phase I and II clinical trials as well as any nonclinical studies needed before testing in a new patient population, it also provided an opportunity for testing innovative outcome measures for proof‐of‐concept trials. Although the program did not demonstrate improved success rates for phase II clinical trials, this collaboration model leverages the strengths of each party and with a focus toward evaluating an innovative outcome measure, could be used to reduce patient burden and trial costs, and improve patient engagement.
Differential ecophysiological syndromes explain the partition of the thermal niche resource in coexisting Eucraniini dung beetles
Authors: Verdú José R. , Oliva Daniela , Giménez Gómez Victoria C. , Cortez Vieyle 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe authors investigated the role of thermoregulation mechanisms and thermal limits on thermal niche differentiation in two hierarchical similar Eucraniini dung beetle assemblages inhabiting arid environments in north‐western Argentina. Both dung beetle assemblages showed temporal and thermal niche segregation between all sympatric species, minimising overlap during their daily activity and soil temperature preferences.Thermal tolerance of Eucraniini species was partially modulated by behavioural adaptations and complementary thermoregulatory mechanisms related to eliminating the temperature excess, increasing the metabolic rate promoting an effective regulation of the excess heat that permitted a decrease in their body temperature by evaporative cooling. Based on the physiological syndromes obtained, the authors found a greatest interspecific differentiation that allows us to differentiate each species using ecophysiological traits. Interspecific body size differences in sympatric Eucraniini contributed greatly to the metabolic capacity of individuals to thermoregulate.Eucraniumspecies, the largest species showed the lowest capacity to respond to thermal stress decreasing heat excess temperature, presenting the lowest thermal limit values coinciding with a ‘minithermy’ strategy that explains the preferred lower soil temperatures around 30°C. On the contrary,Anomiopsoidesspecies showed a clear adaptation to being active during periods of the day in which the soil temperature reached over 50°C, adopting a strategy of ‘maxithermy’ by foraging when temperatures are closer to their thermal limits.In conclusion, it can be determined that ecophysiological syndromes related to thermal stress regulation and thermal limits allowed a displacement in thermal niche dimension, minimising interspecific competition and so allowing species coexistence in Eucraniini dung beetles.
Growth curves for mandibular range of motion and maximum voluntary bite force in healthy children
Authors: Verkouteren Daan R. C. , de Sonnaville Willemijn F. C. , Zuithoff Nicolaas P. A. , Wulffraat Nico M. , Steenks Michel H. , Rosenberg Antoine J. W. P. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMandibular range of motion and bite force are indispensable variables for the evaluation of mandibular function. There are a variety of medical and dental conditions that can negatively affect mandibular function. Values for mandibular range of motion (i.e., active and passive maximum interincisal mouth opening, protrusion, and laterotrusion) and anterior maximum voluntary bite force (AMVBF) in healthy children and adolescents can help in recognizing temporomandibular dysfunction. In this longitudinal study, 169 healthy children aged 6–18 years were included. They were examined at four time points over 1 year. Mixed model analysis was performed to produce growth curves of mandibular range of motion and AMVBF. Average active maximum interincisal mouth opening was significantly higher in boys with 50.0 mm compared to 47.8 mm in girls. Boys also had a significantly higher AMVBF than girls with an average of 169.0 N versus 140.0 N, respectively. Growth curves of active and passive maximum interincisal mouth opening showed an increase with age, albeit levelling off through puberty. The growth curves of AMVBF in girls reach a plateau phase at ages 12–14 years, after which the curve descends; in boys, the AMVBF tended to increase up to 18 years of age, although a slow‐down after 14 years of age was noted.
Outcome following emergency laparotomy in 33UKdonkeys: A retrospective multicentre study
Authors: Merridale‐Punter Mathilde S. , Prutton Jamie S. W. , Stefanovski Darko , Worsman Francesca C. F. , Payne Richard J. , Wylie Claire E. , Archer Debra C. , Menzies‐Gow Nicola J. , Coles Lydia , McGovern Kate F. , Parker Russell A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundEmergency laparotomies in donkeys are infrequently performed and there is limited literature on the subject.ObjectivesTo determine findings and associated outcomes of exploratory laparotomies in donkeys.Study designDescriptive retrospective study.MethodsDonkeys undergoing emergency exploratory laparotomy for investigation and treatment of colic at seven UK referral hospitals between 2005–2017 were included. Data were retrieved from available hospital records. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistical analysis of outcomes of interest was performed in three steps.ResultsThirty‐three cases fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Clinical signs on presentation were available for 32 donkeys, of which 53.1% (17/32) presented for investigation of colic while in 46.9% (15/32) the presenting complaint was non‐specific. Primary lesion location included small intestine (42.4%, 14/33), large colon (39.3%, 13/33), caecum (6.1%, 2/33), stomach (6.1%, 2/33) and 6.1% (2/33) had multiple abnormal findings without a clear primary lesion. Overall survival to discharge was 54.5% (18/33). Five donkeys (15.2%, 5/33) were euthanased at surgery and of those recovering from general anaesthesia a further 35.7% (10/28) were euthanased or died prior to discharge. Six donkeys (21.4%, 6/28) required a second laparotomy of which 4 (66.7%, 4/6) survived. Post‐operative complications occurred in 82.1% (23/28) of cases and included hyperlipaemia (42.9%, 12/28), incisional complications (21.4%, 6/28), ileus (21.4%, 6/28) and persistent colic (17.9%, 5/28). When adjusted for other complications, donkeys with primary gastric lesions were less likely to have presented with severe colic compared with those with primary small intestinal lesions (OR: 0.07, 95% CI 0.01–0.95, p = 0.05). Only age was positively associated with death prior to discharge (OR: 1.18, 95% CI 1.03–1.36, p = 0.02).Main limitationsSmall sample size and retrospective design.ConclusionDonkeys with abdominal lesions may present with a range of signs often not including colic. Surgical findings were diverse and survival to discharge appears to be lower than in horses.
Frames or social structures? Comment on “Making sense of (mis)matched frames of reference: A dynamic cognitive theory of (in)stability in HR practices”
Authors: Wilmers Nathan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDo workers and employers hold strong views about the nature of the employment relationship? Are these views causally important for understanding the success or failure of human resources practices? In this article, I comment on Budd, Pohler and Huang’s project of bringing cognitive frames theory to employment relations research. I agree with their emphasis on informal workplace social dynamics and suggest further attention to the sources of cognitive frames in primitive social structures.
Overexpression of SSR2 promotes proliferation of liver cancer cells and predicts prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chen Fengsui , Chen Xingchi , Wang Jielong , Zhang Shi‘an , Chen Mengxue , Zhang Xia , Wu Zhixian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSignal Sequence Receptor Subunit 2 (SSR2) is a key endoplasmic reticulum gene involved in protein folding and processing. Previous studies found that it was upregulated in several cancers, but its precise role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. To have a better understanding of this gene in HCC, we examined the expression of SSR2 in HCC tissues by analysing The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data and immunohistochemistry. We also assessed the association between SSR2 expression and clinicopathological characteristics of HCC patients and patient survival. Potential function of SSR2 was predicted through GSEA and protein–protein interaction analysis. MTT, flowcytometry, transwell and a nude mice xenograft model were employed to investigate the biological functions in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that the expression of SSR2 was significantly increased in HCC tissues, and SSR2 expression was associated with several clinical characteristics. In addition, patients with higher SSR2 expression had poorer survival. Enrichment analysis suggested that SSR2 was probably involved in biological process or signalling pathways related to G2/M checkpoint, passive transmembrane transporter activity, ATF2_S_UP. V1_UP and ncRNA metabolic process. Further experimental study showed that SSR2 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion ability and promoted apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in vitro. Moreover, downregulation of SSR2 also repressed the growth of HepG2 cells in vivo. In conclusion, our study suggests that SSR2 may act as an oncogene in HCC.
In vivo study to assess dosage of allogeneic pig retinal progenitor cells: Long‐term survival, engraftment, differentiation and safety
Authors: Abud Murilo Batista , Baranov Petr , Patel Sara , Hicks Caroline A. , Isaac David Leonardo Cruvinel , Louzada Ricardo Noguera , Dromel Pierre , Singh Deepti , Sinden John , Ávila Marcos P. , Young Michael 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDespite notable efforts and significant therapeutical advances, age‐related macular degeneration remains the single most common reason for vision loss. Retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) are considered promising candidates for cellular treatments that repair and restore vision. In this allogenic study, the phenotypic profile of pig and human RPCs derived using similar manufacturing processes is compared. The long‐term (12‐week) survival of green fluorescent protein‐pig retinal progenitor cells GFP‐pRPC after subretinal transplantation into normal miniature pig (mini‐pig) retina is investigated. Human eyes are both anatomically and physiologically mimicked by pig eyes, so the pig is an ideal model to show an equivalent way of delivering cells, immunological response and dosage. The phenotypic equivalency of porcine and clinically intended human RPCs was established. Thirty‐nine mini‐pigs are used in this study, and vehicle‐injected eyes and non‐injected eyes serve as controls. Six groups are given different dosages of pRPCs, and the cells are found to survive well in all groups. At 12 weeks, strong evidence of integration is indicated by the location of the grafted cells within the neuro‐retina, extension of processes to the plexiform layers and expression of key retinal markers such as recoverin, rhodopsin and synaptophysin. No immunosuppression is used, and no immune response is found in any of the groups. No pRPC‐related histopathology findings are reported in the major organs investigated. An initial dose of 250 k cells in 100 µl of buffer is established as an appropriate initial dose for future human clinical trials.
Incretin serum level as a biomarker of insulin resistance in acne vulgaris patients
Authors: Khattab Fathia M. , Fawzy Manal 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between serum Incretin and acne vulgaris (AV) and insulin resistance (IR), and to find the biological indicators of acne vulgaris with insulin resistance.Methods60 patients diagnosed with acne vulgaris in the dermatology department of Zagazig University and 56 healthy people in the health examination center of this hospital were collected, respectively, as the control group; all the included people were drawn fasting blood to test serum Incretin, blood lipids, sex hormones and INS release test to explore the role of serum Incretin in acne vulgaris and insulin resistance.ResultsThe average level of Incretin in the acne group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (t = 7.189, p < 0.001). The average level of Incretin in the acne group with insulin resistance was lower than that in the acne without insulin resistance group, the difference was statistically significant (t = 22.328, p < 0.001). In the acne group, the insulin resistance index decreased with the increase of Incretin level, and the two showed a negative correlation. (R = −0.711, p < 0.001).ConclusionsPatients with acne vulgaris are prone to have insulin resistance. Insulin resistance in patients with acne vulgaris is negatively correlated with Incretin. Serum Incretin may be expected to be a biomarker for diagnosing acne vulgaris patients with insulin resistance. The severity of acne vulgaris may have no obvious correlation with insulin resistance and serum incretin.
Gastrointestinal foreign bodies in pet pigs: 17 cases
Authors: Nakamae Yoko , Hobbs Kallie J. , Ziegler Jessie , Rivero Luis A. , Kennedy Shari , Stockler Jenna , Gomez Diego E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundPigs have an indiscriminate eating behavior placing them at high risk of developing foreign body (FB) obstructions.ObjectivesDescribe the clinical and diagnostic features, treatments, and outcome of pet pigs diagnosed with gastrointestinal (GI) FBs. Medical and surgical treatments, pig outcomes, and post‐mortem findings were also investigated.AnimalsSeventeen pet pigs.MethodsA multicenter retrospective study was conducted. Gastrointestinal FBs were defined as swallowed objects that became lodged within the gastrointestinal tract distal to the cardia identified during exploratory laparotomy.ResultsCommon clinical signs were anorexia/hyporexia, tachypnea, vomiting, dehydration, tachycardia, and ileus. Diagnostic imaging identified the presence of a FB in 4 cases. Upon celiotomy, the FBs were in the stomach and small intestine in 17 cases and large colon in 2 cases. Types of FB included fruit pit, diaper, and metallic objects. Of the 17 pigs, 15 (88%) were discharged from the hospital and 2 (12%) were euthanized.Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceClinical signs of GI FB were similar to those reported in obstipated pigs. Diagnostic imaging has limitations for detection of FB. Surgical removal of FBs in pigs carried a good prognosis.
Geochemical and mineralogical classification of four new shergottites: NWA 10441, NWA 10818, NWA 11043, and NWA 12335
Authors: Orr Kenneth J. , Forman Lucy V. , Rankenburg Kai , Evans Noreen J. , McDonald Bradley J. , Godel Belinda , Benedix Gretchen K. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMartian meteorites are rare; therefore, the discovery of new meteorites has the potential to significantly expand our current understanding of Mars. In this study, we describe four new shergottites, all found within the past 5 yr, in Northwest Africa (NWA): NWA 10441, NWA 10818, NWA 11043, and NWA 12335. To determine the geochemical and mineralogical composition of these new shergottites, a number of traditional and nontraditional analytical techniques were utilized, such as high‐resolution X‐ray computed tomography (for 3‐D modal abundance determination) and electron backscattered diffraction (for identification of shock features). This enabled a comprehensive, nondestructive investigation of the in situ and bulk characteristics of these meteorites. From the results, we confirm the preliminary classifications of NWA 10441 and NWA 12335 as basaltic (diabasic), and NWA 10818 and NWA 11043 as poikilitic, shergottites. Chondrite‐normalized rare earth element (REE) patterns of shergottites distinguish likely source reservoirs in the Martian mantle. NWA 10441 and NWA 12335 have bulk enriched REE patterns. NWA 10818 has an intermediate REE pattern, being slightly depleted in the light REE. Although published data for bulk rock REE in NWA 11043 indicate an enriched pattern, here we show that targeted in situ analyses of unaltered minerals reveal an intermediate REE pattern, suggesting that terrestrial weathering combined with shock processes experienced by these meteorites on ejection may affect the bulk analysis. Extensive fracturing in NWA 11043 likely acted as conduits for terrestrial alteration products. We suggest that in situ spot checking of REE in meteorites will constrain any weathering effect on the REE pattern of the bulk rock.
Spatial distribution patterns of tick community structure in sympatric jaguars (Panthera onca) and pumas (Puma concolor) from three ecoregions in Mexico
Authors: López‐Pérez Andrés M. , López‐Fernández Octavio , Backus Laura , Somerville Scott , Zarza Heliot , Cassaigne Ivonne , de la Torre Antonio , Nuñez‐Perez Rodrigo , Ceballos Gerardo , Guzmán‐Cornejo Carmen , Ringenbach‐Valdez Susana , del Rio Miguel A. , Sánchez‐Montes Sokani , Canek Anguiano Dorian , Foley Janet 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe examined tick communities on wild felid hosts in three ecoregions of Mexico. We collected 186 ticks of 7 species from 10 pumas (Puma concolor) and 9 jaguars (Panthera onca). Tick community composition varied across the ecoregions, and across host species within each region. Overall, Ixodes affinis, Amblyomma ovale, and Amblyomma tenellum were the most abundant species; however, only the latter two ticks were distributed across all three ecoregions, while I. affinis, along with Ixodes spinipalpis, Amblyomma inornatum, and Amblyomma parvum were restricted to more limited geographical regions. Ixodes affinis occurred strictly in southern tropical rainforest ecoregions and was significantly more abundant in Selva Lacandona compared with the Yucatán Peninsula. Amblyomma ovale was significantly more common in the tropical dry forest in the Pacific coastal ecoregion. Amblyomma tenellum abundance tended to be higher on jaguars, while I. affinis abundance was higher on pumas. Regional distribution patterns of some tick species (e.g., I. affinis and I. spinipalpis) may be determined by off‐host environmental conditions rather than host factors. In contrast, at the local scale, occurrence and abundance of some tick species (e.g., A. tenellum, A. ovale and Rhipicephalus microplus) might be driven by ecological‐host factors, such as habitat use or predator–prey relationships.
Liberalism, nationalism and religion: Multidimensional autonomy, trade‐offs and analogies
Authors: Wittrock Jon 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article aims to provide a conceptual framework for exploring the relations between liberal nationalism and religion. Combining multidimensional analyses of autonomy as well as religion, the article aims to provide a framework for considering, with greater precision, different potential versions of liberal nationalism, and which kinds of prioritisations and trade‐offs they would involve. Religion is approached in terms of Wittgensteinian family resemblances, referring to a host of overlapping narratives, norms, objects and practices. Autonomy is analysed in terms of collective and individual autonomy, and the latter is divided into four major dimensions: liberty (freedom from coercion) opportunity (available options) capacity (for making choices) and authenticity (the degree to which choices are genuine). These, furthermore, may be distributed differently across space and time: for example, liberty may be restricted in the present to preserve it over time. Liberal nationalism ultimately has to balance intrinsic and instrumental arguments, while respecting human rights.