bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A general health promotion approach to helping smokers with non-communicable diseases quit smoking: A pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li William Ho Cheung , Ho Laurie Long Kwan , Cheung Ankie Tan , Wong Man Ping , Cheung Derek Yee Tak , Xia Wei , Lam Tai Hing 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundDespite evidence showing that continued smoking in patients with non-communicable diseases can reduce treatment efficacy and increase the risk of disease progression and multimorbidity, many smoker patients either have no intention to quit or have had failed attempts at quitting.ObjectiveTo examine the feasibility of a general health promotion approach that uses instant messaging to deliver brief motivational interviewing to help smokers with non-communicable diseases quit smoking.MethodsIn total, 60 participants who had medical follow-up in a special out-patient clinic were randomized into two groups, 30 in the intervention group received brief motivational interviewing to assist them with their chosen behavioral changes, and 30 in the control group received only a smoking cessation booklet. The outcome measures included self-reported 7-day point prevalence of smoking abstinence and any behavioral change reported by the participants at 6 and 12 months. Biochemical validation was performed for those who verbally reported a 7-day point prevalence of smoking abstinence at 12 months.ResultsThe majority (95%) of smokers who attended the out-patient clinic owned a smartphone. The response rate was 73.2%. Retention rates at 6-month and 12-month follow-up were 83.3 and 71.7%, respectively. The process evaluation indicated that participants were satisfied with the content of the brief MI messages and appreciated the use of instant messaging as a way to provide them with professional advice and support for managing their health-related lifestyles. The intervention group had a higher biochemically validated abstinence rate than the control group at 12 months (16.7 vs. 6.7 P = 0.23) although the difference was not statistically significant (Adjusted odd ratio 2.4, 95% confidence interval, 0.43–13.75; P = 0.32.), In addition, the proportion of participants reporting a behavioral change was higher in the intervention group at 6 and 12 months.ConclusionThis study suggested the potential efficacy and feasibility of a general health promotion approach that uses instant messaging to deliver brief motivational interviewing to help smokers with non-communicable diseases quit smoking. The findings can be used to create a new smoking cessation service model that implements a flexible, proactive and personalized approach to help smokers quit smoking.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03983330.
Resource mobilization for tetanus vaccination in Vietnam: Uptake, demand and willingness to pay among women of reproductive age
Authors: Nguyen Thang Huu , Le Xuan Thi Thanh , Nguyen Long Hoang , Le Huong Thi , Do Toan Thanh Thi , Nguyen Huong Lan Thi , Nguyen Hien Thu , Latkin Carl A. , Ho Cyrus S. H. , Ho Roger C. M. 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionTetanus vaccine coverage in Vietnam has been declining in recent years due to a rapid population growth rate, shrinking budget, and inefficient resource mobilization strategy. This study examined the uptake, demand, and willingness to pay (WTP) for tetanus vaccines in Vietnamese women of reproductive age as well as determined associated factors and assessed the feasibility of the long-term tetanus vaccine resource mobilization scheme.MethodsCross-sectional data were obtained on 807 women of childbearing age in Hanoi, Vietnam in 2016. Tetanus vaccine uptake, demand, and willingness to pay were collected by using a structured questionnaire. Multivariable logistic and interval regression models were used to examine associated factors with vaccine uptake, demand, and WTP.ResultsOf 807 participants, 42.4 and 64.8% had sufficient tetanus vaccination (i.e., received at least three doses of vaccine) and were willing to pay for tetanus vaccination. The mean amount of WTP for one dose of tetanus was US$ 7.3 (95% CI = 6.7–7.9). Having children or being aware that the tetanus vaccine was free-of-charge were negatively associated with WTP for tetanus vaccine. Having a high school education, living in a rural area, and not being aware of vaccine prices or being aware that vaccines were provided freely reduced the amount of WTP. WTP increased among women receiving information from friends and relatives.ConclusionDespite of exemption from the tetanus vaccination programs, this study indicated a low tetanus vaccination coverage and a moderate degree of WTP for tetanus vaccine among Vietnamese women of childbearing age. Target-specific educational and financial support interventions, along with efforts to reduce vaccination costs are critical to improving the vaccine uptake, demand, and WTP for tetanus immunization among women.
The mediation path of physical multimorbidity on the vulnerability to health-related poverty of rural aging families in Ningxia, China: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Guo Wenqin , Du Jiancai , Chen Kexin , Wang Wenlong , Gao Baokai , Hu Zhaoyan , Qiao Hui 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundVulnerability to health-related poverty can predict the probability of families falling into poverty due to health risk impact. In this study, we measured the vulnerability to health-related poverty and examined the mediation path of physical multimorbidity on the vulnerability to health-related poverty of rural aging families in Ningxia, China.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in Ningxia, China, in February 2019. A multi-stage stratified cluster-randomized design was used to obtain a representative sample in each county. We included participants aged 60 years and older, who had lived there for more than 1 year. A total of 3,653 rural residents older than 60 years old were selected as the research subjects. The three-stage generalized least square method was used to calculate the expected vulnerability to poverty. We used mediating effect model to test the mediation path of poverty vulnerability related to the physical multimorbidity.ResultsUnder different poverty line standards, i.e., $1.9/day as low vs. $3.1/day as the high poverty line, the proportion of families that could fall into poverty in the future was 5.3 and 53.7%, respectively. The prevalence of chronic diseases and physical multimorbidity among rural residents &gt;60 years old was 64.62 and 21.24%, respectively. The results of mediating effect test showed that self-rated health status (indirect effect a × b = −0.0052), non-agricultural employment (a × b= −0.0046), household cattle production (a × b = 0.0004), housing type (a × b = −0.0008), gift expenses (a × b = 0.0006) and loan for illness (a × b = 0.0034) were the mediation paths of poverty vulnerability related to the physical multimorbidity.ConclusionsConcerted efforts are needed to reduce poverty vulnerability related to the physical multimorbidity. The strategy of alleviating poverty should emphasis on promoting non-agricultural employment of vulnerable groups sustainability and developing rural economy, which are important paths to reduce family's vulnerability to health-related poverty.
Case Report: Endovascular Treatment of Chronic Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Total Occlusions with Failed Medical Therapy
Authors: Li Pengyu , Niu Guochen , Yan Ziguang , Zhang Bihui , Yang Min 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundCurrent guidelines generally no longer support revascularization for chronic renal artery occlusive diseases because results from randomized controlled trials favor medical therapy over angioplasty. However, increasing reports indicate that patients with renal artery occlusion (RAO) can benefit from revascularization under certain circumstances.Case summaryHere, we present a patient with renal artery stenosis (RAS) who does not have refractory hypertension or fit any clinical trial inclusion criteria by far. Medical therapy failed to prevent the progression of RAS in this patient, leading to total occlusion of his right renal artery. This patient had progressive renal insufficiency but recovered renal function after endovascular treatment.ConclusionThis case demonstrates that angioplasty can be beneficial in selected RAO patients, especially those with residual renal function and collateral perfusion.
Assessing Indoor Environmental Quality in a Crowded Low-Quality Built Environment: A Case Study
Authors: Al-Rawi Mohammad , Lazonby Annette , Wai Abel A. 
Published: October 2022

Home heating, cooling and ventilation are a major concern for those living in low-quality built environments, particularly those with high occupancy rates (crowded houses). In New Zealand, both owner-occupiers and tenants can experience problems associated with poor Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ), such as poor thermal comfort and dampness, when Heating Ventilation and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) systems are not installed, improperly installed or too expensive to run. Occupants of poorer households are the most affected by high installation or running costs of HVAC systems, and are also more likely to live in households with a higher level of crowding. Poor IEQ in housing is associated with adverse health outcomes, particularly respiratory illness. This paper outlines the IEQ problems experienced by households living in an area of New Zealand with higher levels deprivation and shows how an HVAC system could be employed to remedy poor IEQ. This report presents a case study of a house with poor IEQ that was selected from a survey conducted across 24 homes in the Manukau, Auckland region of New Zealand. The IEQ results are presented for this house, which performs poorly in terms of relative humidity, temperature and thermal comfort. This house is then analysed using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach in ANSYS CFX 2021R1 based on the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Airconditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) standard 55-2017 and a model of temperature and air flow is created in the software, which can identify ways to improve these parameters in the house. These results are compared with the New Zealand Healthy Homes Standards 2019. The simulation showed the system was capable of lifting the indoor temperature to above 21 ℃, eliminating cold spots and improving thermal comfort, and reduced relative humidity to below 50%.
Electrochemical Enrichment and Isolation of Electrogenic Bacteria from 0.22 µm Filtrate
Authors: Ihara Sota , Wakai Satoshi , Maehara Tomoko , Okamoto Akihiro 
Published: October 2022

Ultramicrobacteria (UMB) that can pass through a 0.22 µm filter are attractive because of their novelty and diversity. However, isolating UMB has been difficult because of their symbiotic or parasitic lifestyles in the environment. Some UMB have extracellular electron transfer (EET)-related genes, suggesting that these symbionts may grow on an electrode surface independently. Here, we attempted to culture from soil samples bacteria that passed through a 0.22 µm filter poised with +0.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl and isolated Cellulomonas sp. strain NTE-D12 from the electrochemical reactor. A phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA showed 97.9% similarity to the closest related species, Cellulomonas algicola, indicating that the strain NTE-D12 is a novel species. Electrochemical and genomic analyses showed that the strain NTE-D12 generated the highest current density compared to that in the three related species, indicating the presence of a unique electron transfer system in the strain. Therefore, the present study provides a new isolation scheme for cultivating and isolating novel UMB potentially with a symbiotic relationship associated with interspecies electron transfer.
Antibiotic effectiveness for children with lower respiratory infections: prospective cohort and trial in primary care
Authors: Little Paul , Becque Taeko , Hay Alastair D , Francis Nick A , Stuart Beth , O’Reilly Gilly , Thompson Natalie , Hood Kerenza , Moore Michael , Verheij Theo 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundAntibiotics are commonly prescribed for children with chest infections but there is little randomised evidence and trials commonly recruit selected populations, which undermines their applicability.AimTo document the effectiveness of antibiotics for chest infections in children.Design and settingThis was a prospective cohort study with nested trial in primary care.MethodChildren aged 1–12 years presenting with uncomplicated lower respiratory tract infections were included in the cohort. Children were either randomised to receive amoxicillin 50 mg/kg per day for 7 days or placebo, or participated in a parallel observational study, where propensity scores controlled for confounding by indication. The outcomes were duration of symptoms rated moderately bad or worse (primary outcome) and illness progression requiring hospital assessment.ResultsA total of 764 children participated (438 trial, 326 observational), and children were more unwell than in previous cohorts (more sputum, fever, shortness of breath). Children had been unwell for a median of 5–6 days, and symptoms rated moderately bad or worse lasted another 6 days when no antibiotics were given.With antibiotics there was a non-significant reduction of approximately 1 day in duration of symptoms rated moderately bad or worse for the whole cohort (hazard ratio [HR] 1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.95 to 1.41), similar to the trial alone (HR 1.13, 95% CI = 0.90 to 1.43). The effect of antibiotic treatment on secondary outcomes was also non-significant.ConclusionAntibiotics for uncomplicated chest infections, even in a sample of more unwell children, are unlikely to be clinically very effective.
Patient experience and satisfaction with symptomatic faecal immunochemical testing: an explanatory sequential mixed-methods evaluation
Authors: Gil Natalie , Su Helen , Kaur Kirandeep , Barnett Michael , Murray Anna , Duffy Stephen , von Wagner Christian , Kerrison Robert S 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundRecent evidence suggests that faecal immunochemical testing (FIT) can rule out colorectal cancer (CRC) in symptomatic adults. To date, there has been little research exploring experiences of FIT for this population.AimTo explore patient experience and satisfaction with FIT in an ‘early adopter’ site in England.DesignExplanatory sequential mixed-methods approach combining mailed quantitative surveys with semi-structured telephone interviews.MethodMultivariate logistic regression was used to analyse quantitative data. Thematic analysis was used to assess qualitative transcripts.ResultsThe survey had 260 responders, and it found that satisfaction with FIT was high (88.7%). Compared with test satisfaction, the proportion of responders satisfied with their GP consultation and how they received their results was lower (74.4% and 76.2%, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that increased area-level deprivation and not receiving an explanation of the purpose of the test were associated with lower satisfaction with the GP consultation (bothP-values <0.05), while increased area-level deprivation and not receiving results from the GP were associated with lower satisfaction with receiving results (bothP-values <0.05). Interviews with responders (n= 20) helped explain the quantitative results. They revealed that ‘not knowing the purpose of the test’ caused ‘anxiety’ and ‘confusion’, which led to dissatisfaction. ‘Not receiving results from GP’ was considered ‘unacceptable’, as this left patients with a ‘niggling doubt’ and lack of diagnosis or assurance that they did not have cancer.ConclusionPatient satisfaction with symptomatic FIT is high. Efforts to improve satisfaction should focus on ensuring that patients understand the purpose of the test and always receive their test results.
Determination of kinetic constants and coefficients of biological processes of wastewater treatment of egg advanced processing enterprises
Authors: Степанов С.В. , Авдеенков П.П. , Пономаренко О.С. , Морозова К.М. 
Published: October 2022

Представлены результаты исследований, проведенных в контактных условиях на активном иле лабораторного реактора периодического действия со сточными водами предприятия по глубокой переработке куриных яиц. В ходе кинетических опытов, основанных на измерении скорости потребления растворенного кислорода, для сточной воды после предварительного коагулирования были установлены следующие усредненные значения кинетических констант процессов биологической очистки: максимальная скорость потребления кислорода при концентрации ила ai → 0 – ρ’max = 44,8 мг/(г·ч) в пересчете на температуру 20 С, константа Михаэлиса Km = 77,5 мг/л, коэффициент ингибирования продуктами метаболизма  = 0,265, температурная константа χ = 0,08 С–1, оптимальное значение рН 7,8 и рН-константа 80. В опытах с исходными сточными водами были установлены следующие усредненные значения констант: максимальная скорость потребления кислорода при 20 С и ai → 0 ρ’max = 26,5 мг/(г·ч), константа Михаэлиса Km = 50,6 мг/л, коэффициент ингибирования продуктами метаболизма  = 0,065, температурная константа χ = 0,1 С–1, рНопт 7,8 и KрН = 170. Полученные значения кинетических констант и коэффициентов могут быть использованы при расчете сооружений биологической очистки сточных вод яйцеперерабатывающего предприятия.
The results of studies carried out in contact conditions with active sludge of a laboratory batch reactor with wastewater from an enterprise for advanced processing of chicken eggs are presented. In the course of kinetic experiments based on measuring the rate of dissolved oxygen consumption the following averaged values of the kinetic constants of the biological treatment processes were established for wastewater after preliminary coagulation: the maximum rate of oxygen consumption at a sludge concentration ai → 0 ρ’max = 44.8 mg/(g·h) in terms of a temperature of 20 С; Michaelis constant Km = 77.5 mg/l; coefficient of inhibition by metabolic products  = 0.265; temperature constant χ = 0.08 С–1; optimal pH value 7.8 and pH constant 80. During the experiments with raw wastewater, the following average values of the constants were determined: the maximum rate of oxygen consumption at 20С and ai → 0 ρ’max = 26.5 mg/(g·h); Michaelis constant Km = 50.6 mg/l; coefficient of inhibition by metabolic products  = 0.065; temperature constant χ = 0.1 С–1; pHopt 7.8 and KрН = 170. The obtained values of kinetic constants and coefficients can be used in the calculation of biological wastewater treatment facilities of an egg processing enterprise.
Segregação ou miscigenação
Authors: Jacino Ramatis , Goes Weber Lopes 
Published: October 2022

The eugenics moviment was born at the end of the 19th century, in Englad, with Francis Galton (1822-1911) as its main protagonista; in Brazil, the arrival of eugenics movement took place at the turn of 19th to the 20th century, but it gained capillarity from the leading role of Renato Kehl (1889-1974). Eugenics supporters believed in its effectiveness to eliminate groups the presented abnormal behaviors, through birth control policies, creation of spaces for segregation, physical elimination and other methods. According to the history of eugenics, this article aims to discuss the factors that led to the birth of eugenics in Europe and the USA. In Brazil, we will try to demonstrate that although eugenics was received by intellectuals, doctors and those in line with eugenic precepts, however, eugenics was a fundamental mechanism to objectify segregation, miscegenation and elimination of black people, within Brazilian society. Such actions were carried out to constitute a Brazilian people, which in the opinion of eugenicists should be white and, at the same time, respond to the transformations that the country was being theater, that is, a context of modernization. In this way, the ideas of eugenicists were echoed in the articles published in the “Boletins de Eugenia”, a vehicle that had wide circulation between 1929 and 1933 in Brazil.
Entre Marx e Spinoza
Authors: Aveline de Oliveira Fabrizio 
Published: October 2022

The present article aims to recover some of the positions taken by the French philosopher Louis Althusser during the 1970s regarding dialectics and epistemology, focusing on three writings: Essays in Self-criticism (1974), Amiens’ Thesis (1975) and On Marx and Freud (1976). We argue that Althusser ends up demarcating a sui generis position within the scope of the so-called western marxism, detaching himself from the main deadlocks raised in For Marx and Reading Capital, texts marked by a theoretical “deviation”, that is, rationalist-speculative, in which the author’s spinozism jeopardizes its materialist character. For that purpose, the theoretical-interpretative method is used, through the bibliographical analysis of the texts under discussion.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu Dengan Tindakan Pencegahan Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA) Pada Anak Balita
Authors: Amiruddin Amiruddin , Anasril Anasril , Maryono Maryono , Gustini Sri 
Published: October 2022

Latar Belakang : Infeksi saluran pernapasan akut (ISPA) sebagian besar disebabkan oleh virus. Penyebab infeksi yang demikian beragam mengakibatkan berbedanya upaya yang mungkin dilakukan setiap orang, baik untuk mencegah maupun untuk pengobatan.
Tujuan : Tujuan penelitian ini dibuat adalah untuk mengedukasi ibu agar anak-anak terhindar dari ISPA
Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik dengan rancangan crossectional study, yang bertujuan untuk mencari hubungan antara variabel independent dengan variabel dependent (Hastono, 2016). Penelitian ini untuk menganalisis hubungan pengetahuan ibu dengan perilaku pencegahan ISPA.
Hasil : Pengetahuan ibu yang sebagian besar dikategorikan sudah baik dapat disebabkan oleh banyak faktor misanya dari karakteristik ibu tersebut. Tingkat pengetahuan ibu juga dapat dipengaruhi oleh pendidikan, dimana pendidikan seseorang dapat memberikan wawasan atau cara pandang kepada seseorang untuk mengambil sikap, keputusan, untuk melakukan tindakan. Selain itu semakin tinggi tingkat pengetahuan seseorang maka dapat mudah untuk menyerap informasi tentang pencegahan ISPA.
Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa mayoritas responden memiliki pengetahuan pada kategori baik yaitu sebanyak 29 orang atau sekitar 76,3%, kebanyakan responden melakukan tindakan pencegahan ISPA pada kategori baik yaitu 26 orang atau 68,4%..
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN, KEBIJAKAN UTANG, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, DAN STRUKTUR MODAL TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Setiawan Ageng , Tutuko Bambang , Wulan Mulyaning 
Published: October 2022

AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh profitabilitas, kebijakan dividen, kebijakan hutang, ukuran perusahaan, dan struktur modal terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan manufaktur sub sektor food beverage yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Teknik pemilihan sampel dengan purposive sampling. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang bersumber dari laporan keuangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial profitabilitas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan; kebijakan dividen tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan; kebijakanhutang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan; dan ukuran perusahaan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Adapun secara simultan profitabilitas, kebijakan dividen, kebijakan hutang, dan struktur modal berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Kata kunci : Profitabilitas, Kebijakan Dividen, Kebijakan Utang, Ukuran Perusahaan, Struktur Modal