bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the classification and clinical characteristics of oral lichen planus and its treatment effect in different clinical types: a retrospective study
Authors: Abe Atsushi , Ito Yu , Hayashi Hiroki , Momokita Moeko , Taniguchi Shinichi , Nakayama Atsushi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is an intractable chronic inflammatory disease associated with dyskeratosis. Several clinical classifications of OLP have been reported. However, only a few detailed studies have investigated the clinical symptoms, classifications, and treatment effect. In this study, we investigated the clinical features of OLP at the time of the initial diagnosis and classified it using the clinical visual examination type classification. Furthermore, we evaluated whether there is a difference in the clinical characteristics and effectiveness of symptomatic treatment between the typical reticular type and other types of OLP.Methods: A total of 132 patients with OLP were included. Patients’ age, sex, chief complaints, clinical morphological forms, lesion sites, cytological and histopathological findings, therapeutic strategies, and therapeutic responsiveness were evaluated. Results: Of the 132 patients with OLP, there were 42 men and 90 women, with a mean age of 66.4±13.0 years. The buccal mucosa was the most affected site (n=95). The reticular form was the most common clinical morphological form, observed in 124 cases. Biopsy was performed in 48 patients. The erosive form was the most common among the biopsied lesions. Regarding therapeutic strategies, topical steroids were prescribed to 85 patients. Among these patients, 47 experienced symptomatic relief and 38 showed no changes in symptoms. Based on the clinical morphological form, the rates of symptomatic relief following topical steroid use were 70.4% for the reticular form and 15.9% for the erosive form. In patients with erosive and plaque-like forms, it was difficult to achieve symptomatic relief with topical steroid use, whereas in those with other forms, a moderate response was observed. Conclusion: Topical steroids are often ineffective in patients with the erosive or mixed form, and these clinical morphological forms are associated with a higher risk of malignant transformation compared with the other forms. Therefore, early histological examination is important.Trial registration number: Not applicable.
The control of malaria vectors in rice fields: A systematic review and meta- analysis
Authors: Chan Kallista , Bottomley Christian , Saito Kazuki , Lines Jo , Tusting Lucy S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The relatively stable aquatic conditions of irrigated lowland and rainfed rice, which is grown across 145 million hectares in more than 100 countries, are capable of generating large numbers of mosquito vectors of malaria, which causes more than 400,000 deaths per year worldwide. Many methods can control these vectors but a systematic review has not previously been conducted. This study assesses whether larviciding, fish or intermittent irrigation can significantly reduce malaria vectors in rice fields whilst increasing rice yield. After a literature search for studies reporting the effect of larval control and rice cultivation practices on malaria vector densities in rice fields, 33 studies were eligible for meta-analysis.
Larviciding was effective at reducing ricefield malaria vectors. Pooled analysis of five controlled time-series (CTS) studies with chemical insecticides showed an overall combined reduction of larval densities of 77% compared to no larviciding. Eight CTSs with biological larvicides showed a pooled reduction of 60% compared to no larviciding. Cultivating rice and fish together provided good control too: a pooled analysis of three CTSs showed an overall 82% reduction in anopheline larvae compared to no fish. Pooled analysis of four studies suggested that intermittent irrigation (using various timings and frequencies of drainage) is effective at reducing the abundance of late-stage anopheline larvae (pooled reduction=-35%), but not overall immature abundance, compared to continuous flooding.
We conclude that many interventions such as larvicides, fish and intermittent irrigation can provide riceland malaria vector control, but the critical obstacle to wider use is farmer acceptability. Future research should be led by the agricultural sector, with inputs from entomologists, to investigate malaria control co-benefits within high-yielding rice cultivation practices.
Reduce Unexpected Aırlıne Dıverts: Modellıng wıth Tıme Serıes Analysıs
Authors: DOGAN Hazal Berve , Khaniyev Tahir , Gozen Derya , Demirezen Umut 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this study, a decision support system was designed to minimize the costs caused by an airline's unexpected diverts. Meteorological data provided by an airline was used to predict visibility range, using the R programming language. The results of the analyzes are presented. It is aimed to make predictions by analyzing the data using time series analysis methods. Detailed forecasts were made to correspond to 3 forward-looking hours. The results obtained from time series analysis using AR, MA, ARMA, ARIMA, AutoARIMA and VAR were compared according to the error rate functions.
Clinical Features, Renal recovery and Predictors of Acute Kidney Injury in a Resource-Limited Country: A Prospective Study
Authors: Abebe Abinet , Kumela Kabaye , Belay Maekel , Birhan Abdela , Wobie Yohannes , Assefa Erkihun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Recovery from acute kidney injury (AKI) in hospitalized patients is variable and persistent impairment of renal function at discharge is associated with long-term adverse outcomes. Understanding the risk factors for non-recovery AKI may help to avoid modifiable determinants and enhance recovery. However, data on renal recovery and its associated factors is limited, especially in resource-limited settings. This study aimed to assess the clinical features, renal recovery, and predictors of AKI among hospitalized patients in Ethiopia.
Methods
A prospective observational study was conducted involving all adult patients with age ≥18 years, and met the kidney disease: improving global outcomes criteria for AKI from April to July 2019. The main outcome variable was renal recovery at discharge. The logistic regression model was used to determine predictors of non-recovery from AKI. Statistical significance was considered at a p-value of less than 0.05 on multivariate analysis.
Results
Of the 169 patients included in the study over four months, 127(75.2%) were < 60 years, 121 (71.6%) had kidney disease on admission, almost one-third (33.1%) of them had stage 3 AKI, nearly half (50.29%) had prerenal AKI, and 32(19%) had exposure to nephrotoxins. Vomiting 31(18.34%), oliguria 42(24%), hematuria 15(25.4%), and proteinuria 26(40.6%) were common presenting features. Of the total study participants, most of them (68%) had complete renal recovery and fifty-four (32%) patients had non-recovery AKI at the time of hospital discharge. On multivariable analysis, proteinuria (AOR 6.2, CI 1.25-31.4, p=0.002), AKI stage III (AOR 4.7, CI 1.37-28.6, p=0.019), and nephrotoxin exposure (AOR 5.2, CI 2.1-14.89, p=0.007) were factors significantly associated with non-renal recovery.
Conclusions
Our study found that most of the patients had AKI on admission and one-third had a higher stage of AKI. A higher proportion of patients were found to have non-recovery AKI at hospital discharge. Renal non-recovery was significantly associated with the severity of AKI, nephrotoxic drug use, and proteinuria. Follow-up of serum creatinine and proteinuria, and careful drug use monitoring may help to identify patients with poor prognosis, initiate specific interventions, and improve renal recovery.
Reduced Graphene Oxide on Activated Carbon/Manganese Dioxide Composite Materials for High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrodes
Authors: Fachrudin Adinandra Caesar , Harsojo  
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study presents the addition of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) on the surface of activated carbon–manganese dioxide (ACMnO2) composite material via high-temperature variations of 350 to 450°C to increase the specific capacitance of the ACMnO2/rGO composite electrode. The composite material is synthesized by coating the slurry mixture on the aluminum sheet using a 2-step doctor blade method with polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) material and dimethylformamide (DMF) solution as a binder. Then symmetric supercapacitor is fabricated using filter paper as a separator and 3M potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution as an electrolyte. The composite material analysis is characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) as well as cyclic voltammetry (CV) for the electrochemical properties. The ACMnO2/rGO composite electrode at a temperature variation of 350°C showed the highest specific capacitance of 459.79 F g−1 at a scan rate of 9 mV s−1 with an energy density of 63.859 Wh kg−1. The addition of rGO on the surface of the ACMnO2 composite material increased the specific capacitance by about 58% compared to without rGO, showing promises for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes.
Correlation of nasopharyngeal viral load and pro-inflammatory cytokines with COVID-19 disease severity
Authors: Ghulam Unzela , Nazim Fizza , Farooqui Nida , Anwar Muhammad Faraz , Jamal Abid , Keyani Hammad Afzal , Mughal Nouman , Hussain Azhar , Abidi Syed Hani 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Most individuals with SARS-CoV-2 experience mild symptoms, however, many can experience a severe form of the disease, which can also be fatal. Several studies have associated serum pro-inflammatory cytokines with disease severity. However, very few have associated early cytokine changes, following viral infection of the nasopharyngeal region, with disease severity. Therefore, our study aimed to associate changes in viral loads and the expression of various cytokines in nasopharyngeal samples with COVID-19 disease severity.Material and Method: A total of 118 SARS-CoV-2 nasopharyngeal samples in the viral transfer medium were collected. The samples were characterized as mild and severe, based on the WHO criteria, and qPCR was performed to determine the viral loads and also evaluate the expression of eight cytokines (IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, TGF-β1 and TNF-α) expression in the mild and severe group. Subsequently, appropriate statistical tests were applied to determine the differential expression of cytokines in the mild and severe groups and to correlate the viral loads and cytokine expression with disease severity.Results: Out of 118 nasopharyngeal samples, 71 were characterized as mild, while 47 as severe. The mean viral load between the mild and severe groups was comparable (mild group: 27.07I 5.22; severe group: s 26.37 n7.89). Analysis of the cytokines showed the expression of IL-2, IFN- γ and TNF-α to be significantly higher in the severe groups as compared to the mild group. Further, we also observed a significant positive correlation between all the cytokines in the severe group.Conclusion: We found IL-2, TNF-α, and IFN-γ expression to be significantly higher in severe cases as compared to mild. The increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the nasopharyngeal milieu may be considered as biomarkers for disease severity in COVID-19 positive patients.
Machine learning-based prediction of cognitive outcomes in de novo Parkinson's disease
Authors: Harvey Joshua , Reijnders Rick A , Cavill Rachel , Duits Annelien , Köhler Sebastian , Eijssen Lars , Rutten Bart PF , Shireby Gemma , Torkamani Ali , Creese Byron , Leentjens Albert FG , Lunnon Katie , Pishva Ehsan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a debilitating symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD). We aimed to establish an accurate multivariate machine learning (ML) model to predict cognitive outcome in newly diagnosed PD cases from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI). Annual cognitive assessments over an eight-year time span were used to define two cognitive outcomes of i) cognitive impairment, and ii) dementia conversion. Selected baseline variables were organized into three subsets of clinical, biofluid and genetic/epigenetic measures and tested using four different ML algorithms. Irrespective of the ML algorithm used, the models consisting of the clinical variables performed best and showed better prediction of cognitive impairment outcome over dementia conversion. We observed a marginal improvement in the prediction performance when clinical, biofluid, and epigenetic/genetic variables were all included in one model. Several cerebrospinal fluid measures and an epigenetic marker showed high predictive weighting in multiple models when included alongside clinical variables.
Identification of a missense variant in the porcine AGPAT gene family that affects intramuscular fat content through whole-genome sequencing
Authors: Molinero Eduard , Pena Ramona N. , Estany Joan , Ros-Freixedes Roger 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

The 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferases (AGPAT) are enzymes that catalyze the conversion of lysophosphatidic acid to phosphatidic acid, which is a precursor of triacylglycerol, the main fat reservoir in mammals. In pigs, there are 5 annotated genes in the AGPAT gene family. We used whole-genome sequencing to identify genetic variants in the AGPAT gene family in pigs and then we validated their association with fat content and fatty acid composition. Among the 6,639 variants identified across the AGPAT gene family through whole-genome sequencing of 205 Duroc pigs, we preselected a missense single nucleotide polymorphism in exon 6 of AGPAT5 (rs196952262, A>G) based on minor allele frequency, association analyses, and linkage disequilibrium. The effect of this variant was validated in 1,105 pigs from the same Duroc line genotyped using a high-resolution melt protocol. The A allele showed a positive additive effect for intramuscular fat (+1.12% ± 0.21, p < 0.001, for gluteus medius and +0.89% ± 0.33, p < 0.01, for longissimus). We also observed significant effects on fatty acid composition that were, at least in part, independent of the increased intramuscular fat content. Accounting for intramuscular fat content, the A allele resulted in more monounsaturated fatty acids (+0.34% ± 0.15, p < 0.05, for longissimus) and a greater monounsaturated/polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio (+0.11 ± 0.04, p < 0.01, for gluteus medius and +0.13 ± 0.05, p < 0.05, for longissimus). Although further studies would be needed before the causality of the variant on intramuscular fat content and fatty acid composition can be confirmed, this variant can be used as a marker in assisted selection for modulating pig fat deposition and fatty acid content.
MiR-199a-5p/p62 regulated autophagy in SCLC
Authors: Li Honglin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Autophagy has been found to be involved in the Multidrug resistance (MDR) of cancers, but whether it is associated with resistance of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has not been studied. Here, we hypothesized that a potential autophagy-regulating miRNA, miR-199a-5p, regulated cisplatin-resistant SCLC. Methods We validated the MDR of H446/EP using CCK-8 and LDH. We tested the binding of miR-199a-5p to p62 using the Dual-Luciferase assay and validated the association of miR-199a-5p and p62 in SCLC samples. We overexpressed (OE) and knocked down (KD) miR-199a-5p in H446 and H446/EP and determined the expression of miR-199a-5p, autophagy-related proteins, and the formation of autophagolysosomes using QPCR, western blotting, and MDC staining respectively. These results were validated in an orthotopic H446 mouse model of SCLC. Results H446/EP was resistant to cisplatin, etoposide, paclitexal, epirubicin, irinotecan, and vinorelbine. Exposure of cisplatin at 5 μg/ml for 24 hours increased LC3II/LC3I, ATG5, p62, and the formation of autophagolysosomes in H446 cells, but not in H446/EP cells. The expression of miR-199a-5p was up-regulated in H446/EP compared to H446. MiR-199a-5p directly targeted the p62 gene. The expression of miR-199a-5p and p62 were correlated in SCLC samples. In H446 and H69PR, the OE of miR-199a-5p increased LC3II/LC3I, p62, and the formation of autophagolysosomes, but not ATG5, while the KD of miR-199a-5p decreased p62, but did not affect LC3II/LC3I, ATG5, and the formation of autophagolysosomes. In H446/EP, the OE of miR-199a-5p decreased p62 only. These results were generally consistent to results in the animal tumor samples. Conclusions The regulation of autophagy by the MiR-199a-5p/p62 axis was a potential mechanism of small cell lung cancer cisplatin resistance.
Traumatismo Dento-alveolar: Tecidos Duros Dentários, Polpa e Processo Alveolar
Authors: Silva Erika Thaís Cruz da , Vasconcelos Marcelo Gadelha , Vasconcelos Rodrigo Gadelha 
Published: February 2022

Introdução: As fraturas de coroa são as mais comuns de todas as lesões traumáticas dento-alveolares e acometem principalmente os dentes permanentes anteriores. São classificadas em fratura em esmalte, fratura em esmalte/dentina com ou sem exposição pulpar, fraturas coronorradiculares e fraturas radiculares. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão de literatura acerca das lesões aos tecidos duros dos dentes e à polpa destacando desde aspectos clínicos e etiológicos ao tratamento. Além disso, também será descrita no presente estudo as fraturas do processo alveolar e aspectos referentes a imobilização dos traumatismos dento-alveolares que necessitam. Métodos: Realizou-se levantamento nas bases de dados PubMed/ Medline, Scielo e Google acadêmico, tendo como filtro publicações dos últimos 10 anos. A busca foi realizada com descritores previamente selecionados. A pesquisa ocorreu em 3 fases e os artigos foram incluídos obedecendo aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Resultados: As lesões aos tecidos duros dentários e à polpa podem classificar-se desde uma simples trinca de esmalte onde não há perda de tecido dentário até as fraturas radiculares em que o tratamento pode ser complexo e exigir até mesmo a imobilização do dente acometido. As fraturas do processo alveolar são frequentemente associadas aos traumatismos dentários e podem requerer uma abordagem mais complexa do que as fraturas mais simples. Conclusão As fraturas aos tecidos duros dentários e da polpa são as mais comumente encontradas dentro todas as lesões por traumatismo dento-alveolares. É importante que o profissional realize um adequado diagnóstico bem como o acompanhamento dessas lesões.
Associação entre Má Oclusão e Condição de Saúde Bucal em Pacientes Atendidos nas Clínicas Odontológicas da Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil
Authors: Diógenes Rafael Ferreira de Paiva , Fernandes Eloisa Cesário , Sanches Francyle Simões Herrera , Santos Patrícia Bittencourt Dutra dos 
Published: February 2022

Introdução: Um alto índice de má oclusão e lesões de cárie é observado em crianças e adolescentes, porém a interação entre ambos ainda causa divergências no mundo científico. Objetivo: Investigar a possível associação entre má oclusão e condição de saúde bucal. Material e Métodos: O presente estudo transversal e retrospectivo foi realizado a partir da avaliação de prontuários de pacientes de 8 a 16 anos atendidos no setor das Clínicas Odontológicas da Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte - Brasil, entre os anos de 2013 a 2019. A amostra foi composta de 135 prontuários de pacientes divididos em 4 grupos distintos: pacientes com má oclusão de Classe I (Grupo 1), má oclusão de Classe II (Grupo 2), má oclusão de Classe III (Grupo 3) e pacientes com oclusão normal (Grupo 4). Para avaliar a condição de saúde bucal, foram coletadas informações sobre o CPO-D e seus componentes e para a identificação da má oclusão, utilizou-se a relação anteroposterior dos primeiros molares permanentes. Para verificar as possíveis associações entre o CPO-D e o tipo de má oclusão foi utilizado o teste Qui-quadrado, e ainda o ANOVA one way para comparar a experiência de cárie entre os grupos, com significância de 5%. Resultados: Não houve maior experiência de cárie dentro de cada grupo, assim como não houve diferença entre os grupos para a condição de saúde bucal. Conclusão: A condição de saúde bucal avaliada pela experiência de cárie não está associada à presença ou ausência de má oclusão quando a relação molar anteroposterior é avaliada.
Clareamento Dental - Verificação da Eficácia, Estabilidade de Cor e Nível de Sensibilidade
Authors: Mendes Jefferson Lucas , Dias Brenno Santiago , Silva Geovanna Caroline Brito da , Alves Layla Narrely Santos , Medeiros Francielly Lemos , Vasconcelos Marcelo Gadelha , Vasconcelos Rodrigo Gadelha 
Published: February 2022

Introdução: O clareamento dental consiste em um método simples, seguro e eficaz, frequentemente solicitado por pacientes que procuram melhorias estéticas. Dentre as formas de execução, estão disponíveis a técnica caseira, em consultório ou, ainda, a combinação de ambas. Objetivo: Verificar, através de uma revisão da literatura integrativa, quais técnicas e protocolos propiciaram melhor eficácia e estabilidade de cor, bem como as limitações e efeitos colaterais relacionados aos diferentes protocolos. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura, por meio de buscas nas bases de dados PubMED/Medline, BVS e Scielo, utilizando os seguintes descritores: Tooth Bleaching, Hydrogen Peroxide, Bleaching Agents e Dentin Sensitivity. Foram incluídos estudos experimentais, publicados nos últimos cinco anos, com disponibilidade do texto de forma integral e clareza no detalhamento metodológico utilizado. Resultados: No método caseiro, o peróxido de hidrogênio (PH), em concentrações entre 4% e 10%, e o peróxido de carbamida (PC), entre 10% e 37%, demonstrou eficácia significativa no clareamento. Já o método de consultório isolado ou prévio ao tratamento caseiro, promoveu efeito clareador em uma ou duas sessões com aplicações que variaram entre 15 e 40 minutos, com PH em concentrações de até 38%. Géis com menores concentrações provocaram menos sensibilidade dentária e irritação gengival, porém, nem sempre a cor desejada foi obtida. Conclusão: Para um tratamento eficaz é indispensável o conhecimento por parte do profissional em relação ao correto diagnóstico. Portanto, é fundamental conhecer a etiologia da mancha para assim estabelecer, de forma adequada, o tipo do gel, a sua concentração, tempo e modo de aplicação.
Isolation of Cellulose-Degrading Bacteria from Luwu Timur in Oil Palm Empty Fruits Bunch
Authors: Febryanti Amalyah , Baharuddin Maswati , Rahayu Irma 
Published: February 2022

The oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) is one of the solid wastes produced by industrial factories. These bunches are the habitat of cellulolytic bacteria. This study aims to identify the morphology and determine the potential microorganisms in degrading oil palm empty fruit bunches waste. The methods used in this study were isolation and observation of bacterial morphology, bacterial screening, degradation test of empty oil palm fruit bunches waste, and enzyme activity test with DNS method using UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 530 nm. A collection of 14 isolates were obtained from the isolation process. We obtained 14 isolates from the sample, the largest clear zone was shown by isolate S10. The isolate also exhibited the highest cellulose-degrading activity after 7 days incubation period with a degrading percentage of 13.27%. After incubation for 2 days, the morphological characteristics of the bacteria produced have circular and medium-sized colonies, yellow, colonies wave edges and flat colonies, elevation convex and smooth surface. The resulting enzyme activity was 0.1308 U/mL. Therefore, isolate S10 was suspected to have the potential to degrade plastic.