bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Novel in the Colonial Period
Authors: Chang-Rodríguez Raquel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter offers information on how novels were developed and circulated in colonial Spanish America. It studies known works of the genre while bringing to the fore others rediscovered and printed contemporaneously. It discusses several obstacles to the production of novels: civil and religious censorship, a limited reading public, emphasis of colonial printing presses on publishing religious books, and competition from well-known Spanish authors whose books were distributed in the New World. Embedded in European literary traditions, novels were slowly marked by American contextual concerns, and their hybrid nature soon became apparent. With tensions between the old and the new, the friction of metropolitan taste and criollo wit, and the inclusion or exclusion of nuanced rhetorical patterns as well as of unique social subjects, a different literary sensibility began to develop. The ensuing cultural shifts paved the way for the development of the modern Spanish American novel.
Imagined Multitudes in the Spanish-Language Caribbean Novel
Authors: Bolívar Rubín Mariana 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Examining the literary traditions and movements that have shaped the Spanish-language Caribbean novel and privileging discourses of cultural and national/regional identities, this article addresses the textual interruptions of such imagined communities. For that effect, the argument posits the multitude as a rhetorical device—a metaphorical axis—that brings to the foreground non-discursive elements, in particular the trans-historic, fugitive, and non-linear elements of the myth rooted in Afro-Caribbean histories and ontologies. The multitude—a model of resistance against global structures of power—emerges in these novels as a non-representational, elusive, political subject unsettling arrangements of colonial/imperial difference within hegemonic cultural paradigms grounded on mestizaje, and its derivates. The novels here examined rearrange racial/ethnic and sexual difference beyond totalizing cultural fictions, while reconfiguring forms of cultural practice and political organization around coming communities.
Form and Difference in the Latin American LGBTQ Novel
Authors: Venkatesh Vinodh 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter traces the connection between literary form and the writing of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) bodies, desires, and issues in the Latin American novel. Divided into two sections, the text first provides the reader with a broad overview of the state of the LGBTQ novel in Latin America, identifying key texts and concepts spanning from the late nineteenth century to the present day. Then, the chapter proceeds to examine a wide assortment of novels through specific groupings of discrete criteria, including the confessional monologue, the musical novel, new historical fiction, and the neofantastic novel. In this second section, the chapter studies the content of individual texts, but also teases out connections to their particular form.
The Latin American Historical Novel through the Lens of the Dictator(ship) Novel
Authors: Weldt-Basson Helene C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
There are many ways to trace the trajectory of the historical novel in Latin America. This genre is linked to one of its many subgenres: the dictator novel (which has also been called the dictatorship novel, the term used here to more broadly encompass novels that do not exclusively focus on the figure of the dictator, but portray dictatorship). One of the first historical novels in Latin America, Jorge Mármol’s Amalia (1851), is not coincidentally also Latin America’s first novel of dictatorship. This chapter analyzes the nature of historical fiction and how it has evolved in Latin America through the lens of the of the dictatorship novel. It shows how key dictatorship novels from the nineteenth to twenty-first centuries epitomize the main tendencies of historical fiction during each period. The chapter examines various novels of dictatorship to illustrate the major characteristics of Latin American historical fiction (e.g., exploration of national identity, magical realism, historical symbolism, and intertextuality) and the major changes in the genre of historical fiction (and dictatorship novel subgenre) since its inception (including the turn toward feminism and postcolonialism, and the transition from the portrayal of concrete dictatorships directly experienced to the memory of dictatorship by second-generation writers). The chapter also relates dictatorship novels to other historical novels that are outside the dictatorship novel subgenre to further illustrate the connection between the development of the dictatorship novel and that of the Latin American historical novel.
The Worldwide Influence of the Latin American Novel
Authors: Birns Nicholas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The emergence of Latin American literature to world prominence is on one level the story of a development from the peripheral to the central. But, read more subtly, it is the story of a Northern Hemisphere consensus that only asymmetrically and belatedly became able to recognize the literature that Latin America was producing from the colonial era onward. This chapter concentrates on the later twentieth century, with some attention to the nineteenth century and the Second World War era, when the creation of a global cultural perspective necessitated acknowledgment of so large a quotient of the world’s people and territory. Jorge Luis Borges, a writer evaluated almost totally in aesthetic and philosophical terms, was the first internationally celebrated Spanish American writer. This helped keep the world resonance of the later Boom writers away from a strictly referential or political treatment, even as they were valued most by the general public as ambassadors for the cultural grievances of the oppressed and marginalized. Even as Gabriel García Márquez was seen in this way in the United States, in the Soviet Bloc there was a disjuncture between his sympathetic politics and his more subjective aesthetics. In the twenty-first century, Latin American literature became seen as already-global rather than needing to be globalized. Throughout these series of changes, Brazilian literature was the object of even more intermittent and variable notice, even as classics such as Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis and Clarice Lispector finally began to receive more metropolitan notice.
Committed Action
Authors: McCracken Lance M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Committed action is a fundamentally important facet of psychological flexibility and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT). This article introduces committed action, reviews how definitions of it have evolved over time, presents a current definition, and summarizes current evidence. While the term itself has not always garnered great attention either in the clinic or in research, any research in behavioral activation and goal setting will directly relate to processes of committed action. Research explicitly into “committed action” is finally underway, beginning 14 years after publication of the first book on ACT. This was enabled by the appearance of adequate self-report measures of the process. A critical appraisal of the research around committed action shows that not all purported measures of committed action reflect this process with equal fidelity, and some fail to reflect key features. Nonetheless, evidence so far demonstrates that committed action from within the frame of psychological flexibility can be assessed in a theoretically consistent fashion. Measures of it correlate with measures of functioning and change when targeted with appropriate treatment methods; these changes in turn correlate with improvements in key clinical outcomes. These results, taken together with evidence from behavioral activation and goal-setting methods, provide substantial and growing evidence that committed action constitutes an evidence-based process of behavior change. It is recommended that methods to assess and promote this process continue to be developed and that they be included in future treatments.
ACT for Chronic Health Conditions
Authors: Dindo Lilian , Van Liew Julia R. , Arch Joanna J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Chronic health conditions are the leading cause of disability, reduced quality of life, and death. For 20 percent of these patients, clinical anxiety and depression exacerbate existing disease. Despite the high prevalence of comorbidity, existing treatments and service delivery approaches largely reflect fragmented, disease-specific care. Traditional psychological interventions are often unfeasible or unappealing. Transdiagnostic, process-based, and flexibly delivered, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) can meet the heterogeneous needs and treatment preferences of patients with physical, mental health, behavioral, and co-occurring difficulties. ACT directly addresses behavioral avoidance, a common problem in behavioral medicine. It attends to the values and goals of patients and teaches skills to flexibly pursue values despite obstacles, including those presented by serious chronic disease. ACT has been effectively implemented in hospital settings and primary care and specialty care clinics. A rapidly evolving literature supports the preliminary feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of brief ACT treatments, including those in medical care settings. This therapy has been associated with improved medical, mental health, and behavioral outcomes, as well as overall functioning and quality of life. As medicine increasingly recognizes the importance of mental health, well-being, and health behavior change, ACT’s transdiagnostic, process-based approach and flexible delivery options ideally position it to address behavioral health care needs in diverse medical populations.
Clinical Behavior Analysis and RFT
Authors: Luciano Carmen , Törneke Niklas , Ruiz Francisco J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Private events can have a dominant function in human behavior, especially with regard to the experience of self and selfing behavior. This article presents the building of selfing behavior throughout the early interactions of responding to others’ behaviors and discusses the impact of learning to relate (i.e., learning human language). Special focus is on the significant impact of deictic and hierarchical framing in building self-contents, overaching abstract motivations, the abstraction of I, and the subsequent derivation of more self-contents. Also covered are the patterns of responding in coordination with one’s own behavior (psychological inflexibility) and responding hierarchically (psychological flexibility); and hierarchical responding as the final common pathway for the many faces of therapeutic processes towards building psychological flexibility. Finally, the experimental evidence that has been signaling this path for years is summarized.
Broadcasting Opera to a Wide Audience
Authors: Heath Mary Jo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
For almost a century, technology has made it possible to experience opera beyond the confines of the opera house. Since it opened in 1883, the Metropolitan Opera has always kept abreast of new technologies and seized on them when they saw that employing them would make opera more widely available. One of its earliest, and still most far-reaching reaching initiatives, is the radio broadcasts which began in 1931 and continue today, some on Saturday afternoons and others more recently added on SiriusXM, and the television “Live from the Met,” broadcasts which have evolved into the Live in HD broadcasts into movie theaters. This chapter discusses the history of the Met’s use of technology, focusing on the radio broadcasts. It delves further into them and discusses many of the aspects that are considered when the broadcasts are produced, including how to create a show whose listeners range from new audience members to more knowledgeable ones, the style of presentation, the scripts, intermission features, business and artistic considerations, and more.
Drama as Metaphor and Method for Public Music Theory
Authors: Mak Su Yin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
One of the central aims of public music theory is the encouragement of active listener engagement; in “classical music appreciation,” or the introduction of Western art music’s compositional conventions and standard concert repertoire to the public, such engagement often involves the presentation of real-time music analyses in layman’s terms. This chapter presents an interactive approach to classical music appreciation that aims to show, rather than tell, lay listeners how music may depict actions, ideas, and feelings through the interplay of sounds. Based on the principle of dramatic enactment, the approach draws upon recent studies of gesture, embodiment, and agency as well as the author’s original research on metaphorical cognition, experience as a music theory teacher, and knowledge of theatrical practice. With reference to different types of music examples and interactive activities, the chapter illustrates how drama may serve as both metaphor and method for public music theory by highlighting the phenomenological and qualitative aspects of musicking. As metaphor, drama models the cross-domain conceptual mapping between musical and human agencies by representing musical phenomena and compositional processes in direct, visceral, and gestural terms; as method, it actualizes music’s metaphorical agency through embodiment and makes the listening experience tangible and physically empathetic. The chapter also includes discussion of the practical challenges of incorporating embodiment and dramatization activities into typical musical appreciation settings, a selection of audience feedback to the approach, reflections on its strengths and weaknesses, and suggestions for its further refinement.
Teaching Music Theory in Colonial Chiquitania
Authors: Grant Roger Mathew 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
During the eighteenth century, Jesuit mission communities among the Chiquitano Indigenous people fostered vibrant music making. Unlike the cathedral counterpoint written for Spanish colonial outposts elsewhere in South America, this music had French, Italian, and German influences. Indigenous leaders assumed the role of maestro de capilla and supervised training regimes for new young musicians. Music theory, in daily solfège lessons, was a vital part of their program. Because this type of training used novel methods to create a broad, civic musical literacy with the tools of solfège and notation, it has important resemblances to what now goes by the name of public music theory. Drawing a recent ebullient discourse into conversation with eighteenth-century colonialism, this paper asks what scholars might learn from an earlier moment when music theory was made public.
Role and Governance of Artificial Intelligence in the Public Policy Cycle
Authors: Valle-Cruz David , Sandoval-Almazán Rodrigo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) opens many fronts in the public sector. Two main issues that have emerged are AI governance and the potential use of AI in the public policy cycle. AI techniques can improve the quality and efficiency of government decision-making by altering the perspective of public administration. This chapter aims to analyze public policy in the age of AI. To achieve this, the authors open the debate, analyzing the AI-powered public policy cycle to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, a contemporary wicked problem that triggers the emergent application of an AI-based public policy cycle. The conclusions offer recommendations to guide the debate on the role and governance of AI in the public policy cycle.
Adding Complexity to Advance AI Organizational Governance Models
Authors: McNealy Jasmine 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter examines the necessity of more adequate organizational governance schemes for artificial intelligence (AI) systems and processes. AI and its related industries and technologies are multifaceted, requiring more than the traditional and simple methods of governance. Networked and complex governance models—those mixing several governance schemes to achieve policy goals—offer a solution for intricate issues. Concentrations of power in one agency often fail to adequately offer the requisite regulatory oversight necessary for multifaceted issues like those of artificial intelligence and machine learning systems. The use of traditional governance strategies, such as transparency, does not produce the desired result of a better-informed public and more careful organizations. Multifaceted, complex issues demand equally complex solutions. This chapter, then, considers what a complexity-informed model of governance might look like for AI and ML systems.
Civil Society, NGOs, and Human Rights in Africa
Authors: El Hachimi Mohamed , Touhtou Rachid 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter discusses the involvement of African civil society with the thorny human rights issues that are emerging in various African societies. Western civil society has become one of the key factors in evaluating modern democracies, and Africa is not an exception in regarding the presence of thriving NGOs as a sign of a flourishing civil society. The region adopted the universally acknowledged human rights discourses to push for social change. Yet civil society in Africa operates in an environment that is not conducive to its thriving. The lack of democracy and the prevalence of authoritarianism and conservatism make it difficult for a genuine civil society to emerge. Even though Africa otherwise has a dynamic associational life, it could not give birth to a proper civil society. The chapter reflects on the diversity of African civil society activism in Africa and the various uses of human rights discourses to bring about policy reforms.
Inequality in Job Quality
Authors: Gallie Duncan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The issue of inequalities in job quality, and their trends over time, has been at the centre of theory and research in the sociology of work since its inception. In the first three decades of the post-war period the focus was primarily upon class inequality. In more recent decades, inequalities of gender and contract type have also become central concerns. It is notable that there have been marked differences in trends with respect to different types of disadvantaged employees. Women have improved not only their employment rates but also their level of access to higher-skilled jobs and their relative earnings, although they are still at a relative (albeit declining) disadvantage in terms of pay and entry into the highest-level jobs. In contrast, inequalities with respect to class and contract have been either stable or increasing. Class differences in earnings have diverged in recent decades, as have differences of skill and opportunities for skill development, while differentials in job control have been either stable or have increased. The job quality disadvantages of temporary work have been mainly stable, even with respect to job insecurity, but transition rates into permanent employment have been deteriorating.
Job Quality in the United States and Canada
Authors: Kalleberg Arne L. , Fuller Sylvia , Pullman Ashley 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter presents comparative empirical data on significant trends and developments in job quality in the United States and Canada. After discussing demographic, policy and institutional similarities and differences, key areas of job quality are compared, including nonstandard work arrangements, earnings quality, job polarization, labour market insecurity, work hours and overqualification and underemployment. Despite many similarities between these two liberal market economies, they exhibit a number of small differences in job quality and in the policies and institutions that produce them. There is evidence of greater levels of job polarization, earnings inequality, and long-term unemployment in the United States. A greater proportion of Canadian workers are in nonstandard employment arrangements, though there is greater earnings equality, labour market security and social protection in Canada. Distinct patterns of job quality connect to country differences in labour market, demographic and welfare institutions. For example, unions are more powerful in Canada as is the generosity of unemployment insurance. Despite these differences, flexible labour markets and weak regulation contribute to the rise in precarious work in both countries, pointing to the need for wage insurance, more generous unemployment insurance assistance, and more attention to active labour market policies.
The Changing Quality of Office Work
Authors: Baldry Chris 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A recurring theme in popular media accounts of office work has been the office of the future’, in which an unconventional decor and ‘fun’ working environment allegedly reflects and supports the creative and knowledge-based work of employees. In this chapter this vision, with its implication of a paradigm shift from the routine ‘9–5’ office work stereotype, is held up to scrutiny by first looking at the scale and variety of work done in offices and then examining key dimensions of job quality in office work and assessing the evidence from contemporary research. The chapter takes the historical trends in the nature of office work, observed for over a century, such as routinization of work, mechanization and the diffusion of office technology, intensification of work and enhanced managerial control and a lowering of status (the ‘proletarianization’ thesis) and examines, in the context of current economic pressures, the degree to which the contemporary ‘creative’ office offers a radical break from such trends or whether, for most office workers, the experience is a continuation and even an acceleration, of such processes.
The Steady but Uneven Decline in Manufacturing Job Quality
Authors: Rothstein Jeffrey S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Advanced manufacturing has long been associated with employment offering high wages, substantial benefits and job security. Since the middle of the twentieth century and to this day, this perception has motivated the implementation of policies intended to create or lure good manufacturing jobs. Through a comparison of the auto industries in different countries at various stages of economic development, this chapter demonstrates that in places as varied as the United States, Mexico and China, neoliberal policymaking has undermined the labour relations institutions that once empowered unions to negotiate the remuneration and working conditions associated with good jobs. Meanwhile, in the context of weakened shop-floor unionism, the advent of lean production has intensified the pace of work in the auto industry, further eroding the intrinsic quality of what were never very enjoyable jobs in the first place. In Germany, by comparison, unions have remained relatively strong and job quality has not diminished as elsewhere. Therefore, rather than attempting to attract manufacturers by undermining labour standards, policymakers should consider improving job quality across sectors by empowering labour.