bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the fermentation quality and bacterial community of high-moisture whole-plant quinoa silage ensiled with different additives
Authors: Fang Di , Dong Zhihao , Wang Deling , Li Bin , Shi Pibiao , Yan Jun , Zhuang Dongying , Shao Tao , Wang Weiyi , Gu Minfeng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Aim
To explore the potential of whole-plant quinoa (WPQ) as a high-protein source for livestock feed, this study evaluated the effects of additives on the fermentation quality and bacterial community of high-moisture WPQ silage.

Methods and Results
High-moisture WPQ was ensiled with one of the following additives: untreated control (C), fibrolytic enzyme (E), molasses (M), LAB inoculant (L), a combination of fibrolytic enzyme and LAB inoculant (EL) and a combination of molasses and LAB inoculant (ML). The fermentation quality and bacterial community after 60 days of ensiling were analysed. Naturally fermented WPQ exhibited acetic acid-type fermentation dominated by enterobacteria, with low lactic acid content (37.0 g/kg DM), and high pH value (5.65), acetic acid (70.8 g/kg DM) and NH3-N production (229 g/kg TN). Adding molasses alone or combined with LAB inoculant shifted the fermentation pattern towards increased intensity of lactic acid fermentation, lowering the pH value (&lt;4.56), contents of acetic acid (&lt;46.7 g/kg DM) and NH3-N (&lt;140 g/kg TN) and total abundance of enterobacteria (&lt;16.0%), and increasing the lactic acid content (&gt;60.5 g/kg DM), lactic/acetic acid ratio (&gt;1.40) and the relative abundance of Lactobacillus (&gt;83.0%).

Conclusions
The results suggested that the lack of fermentable sugar could be the main factor of restricting extensive lactic acid fermentation in WPQ silage. Supplementing fermentable sugar or co-ensiling with materials with high WSC content and low moisture content are expected to be beneficial strategies for producing high-quality WPQ silage.

Significance and Impact of Study
High biomass production and high protein content make WPQ to be an ideal forage source for livestock feed. Results of this study revealed the restricting factor for extensive lactic acid fermentation in WPQ silage, which could be helpful in producing high-quality WPQ silage.
Line‐field confocal optical coherence tomography of basosquamous carcinoma: a case series with histopathological correlation
Authors: Cappilli S. , Cinotti E. , Lenoir C. , Tognetti L. , Perez‐Anker J. , Rubegni P. , Puig S. , Malvehy J. , Perrot J.L. , del Marmol V. , Peris K. , Suppa M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundBasosquamous carcinoma (BSC) is a rare and potentially aggressive cutaneous neoplasm combining histopathological features of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Line‐field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC‐OCT) is a new, non‐invasive imaging technique featuring excellent resolution and penetration. To date, studies about the use of LC‐OCT in the BCC and SCC fields are available, but similar investigations are lacking in the BSC field.ObjectiveThe goal of the present study was to identify/describe LC‐OCT criteria of BSC.MethodsConsecutively enrolled BSCs were imaged with dermoscopy and LC‐OCT prior to surgical excision. Dermoscopic and LC‐OCT images were evaluated, and histopathological slides were reviewed.ResultsSix BSCs from six patients [four (66.7%) males and two (33.3%) females; mean age 76.5 (62–96) years] were included. Identified LC‐OCT criteria for BSC included BCC‐associated (dermal lobules with millefeuille pattern, dilated vessels, bright cells within the epidermis, bright cells within lobules, stromal stretching, stromal brightness) and SCC‐associated features (acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, disarranged epidermal architecture, broad strands, elastosis and glomerular vessels). Interruption of the dermal–epidermal junction and ulceration represented overlapping criteria.ConclusionLine‐field confocal‐OCT is a new promising technique that may support the non‐invasive recognition of BSC through the simultaneous detection of BCC‐associated and SCC‐associated features. We hypothesize that the use of LC‐OCT might be helpful not only in the diagnostic setting but also in the follow‐up surveillance for an early identification of recurrences. Further larger studies are needed to prove this hypothesis.
Reference‐price shifts and customer antagonism: Evidence from reviews for online auctions
Authors: Gesche Tobias 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates how bidders in an auction become antagonized over their successful bid. Using data from a large‐scale sales campaign on eBay shows that auction buyers use the platform's feedback system to punish the seller when they discover that the same item is later offered for a lower fixed price. Specifically, it finds that (i) the probability of receiving unfavorable feedback is four times larger for auction sales than when the same item is sold by the same seller for the fixed price and (ii) that this probability is increasing in the auction price, even though reviewing bidders shape this price themselves. Exploiting a temporal variation in how salient the fixed‐price offer was and using text analysis tools on buyer comments shows that these effects on feedback are best explained by ex post reference‐price shifts. An additional survey experiment with exogenous variation in reference prices provides further evidence for this channel.
Strategies for discussing long‐term prognosis when deciding on cancer screening for adults over age 75
Authors: Jindal Shivani K. , Karamourtopoulos Maria , Jacobson Alicia R. , Pinheiro Adlin , Smith Alexander K. , Hamel Mary Beth , Schonberg Mara A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundConsideration of older adults' 10‐year prognosis is necessary for high‐quality cancer screening decisions. However, few primary care providers (PCPs) discuss long‐term (10‐year) prognosis with older adults.MethodsTo learn PCPs' and older adults' perspectives on and to develop strategies for discussing long‐term prognosis in the context of cancer screening decisions, we conducted qualitative individual interviews with adults 76–89 and focus groups or individual interviews with PCPs. We recruited participants from 4 community and 2 academic Boston‐area practices and completed a thematic analysis of participant responses to open‐ended questions on discussing long‐term prognosis.ResultsForty‐five PCPs (21 community‐based) participated in 7 focus groups or 7 individual interviews. Thirty patients participated; 19 (63%) were female, 13 (43%) were non‐Hispanic Black, and 13 (43%) were non‐Hispanic white. Patients and PCPs had varying views on the utility of discussing long‐term prognosis. “For some patients and for some families having this information is really helpful,” (PCP participant). Some participants felt that prognostic information could be helpful for future planning, whereas others thought the information could be anxiety‐provoking or of “no value” because death is unpredictable; still others were unsure about the value of these discussions. Patients often described thinking about their own prognosis. Yet, PCPs described feeling uncomfortable with these conversations. Patients recommended that discussion of long‐term prognosis be anchored to clinical decisions, that information be provided on how this information may be useful, and that patient interest in prognosis be assessed before prognostic information is offered. PCPs recommended that scripts be brief. These recommendations were used to develop example scripts to guide these conversations.ConclusionsWe developed scripts and strategies for PCPs to introduce the topic of long‐term prognosis with older adults and to provide numerical prognostic information to those interested. Future studies will need to test the effect of these strategies in practice.
Mediator complex subunit MED25 physically interacts with DST to regulate spikelet number in rice
Authors: Lin Lihao , Du Minmin , Li Shuyu , Sun Chuanlong , Wu Fangming , Deng Lei , Chen Qian , Li Chuanyou 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGrain number is a flexible trait and contributes significantly to grain yield. In rice, the zinc finger transcription factor DROUGHT AND SALT TOLERANCE (DST) controls grain number by directly regulating cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase 2 (OsCKX2) expression. Although specific upstream regulators of the DST–OsCKX2 module have been identified, the mechanism employed by DST to regulate the expression of OsCKX2 remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that DST‐interacting protein 1 (DIP1), known as Mediator subunit OsMED25, acts as an interacting coactivator of DST. Phenotypic analyses revealed that OsMED25‐RNAi and the osmed25 mutant plants exhibited enlarged panicles, with enhanced branching and spikelet number, similar to the dst mutant. Genetic analysis indicated that OsMED25 acts in the same pathway as the DST–OsCKX2 module to regulate spikelet number per panicle. Further biochemical analysis showed that OsMED25 physically interacts with DST at the promoter region of OsCKX2, and then recruits RNA polymerase II (Pol II) to activate OsCKX2 transcription. Thus, OsMED25 was involved in the communication between DST and Pol II general transcriptional machinery to regulate spikelet number. In general, our findings reveal a novel function of OsMED25 in DST–OsCKX2 modulated transcriptional regulation, thus enhancing our understanding of the regulatory mechanism underlying DST–OsCKX2‐mediated spikelet number.
Combined use of 177Lu‐DOTATATE peptide receptor radionuclide therapy and fluzoparib for treatment of well‐differentiated neuroendocrine tumors: A preclinical study
Authors: Fu Jingjing , Qiu Fan , Stolniceanu Cati Raluca , Yu Fei , Zang Shiming , Xiang Yili , Huang Yue , Matovic Milovan , Stefanescu Cipriana , Tang Qiyun , Wang Feng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPeptide receptor radionuclide therapy (177Lu‐DOTATATE) causes DNA strand breaks and has been validated for well‐differentiated neuroendocrine tumor treatment. Poly‐(ADP‐ribose)‐polymerase inhibitors have also been used for malignant tumors with deficient DNA repair. We aimed to determine whether the poly‐(ADP‐ribose)‐polymerase inhibitor fluzoparib could enhance the anti‐tumor effects of 177Lu‐DOTATATE in neuroendocrine tumor cells and xenografts. The neuroendocrine characteristics of NCI‐H727 bronchial carcinoid cells were evaluated by immunofluorescence staining. The synergistic effects of fluzoparib and 177Lu‐DOTATATE were evaluated by cell proliferation and flow cytometry assays. Tumor response and the side effects of combination therapy were also assessed in xenograft mice treated with 77Lu‐DOTATATE and fluzoparib alone or in combination. Somatostatin receptors were specifically expressed in NCI‐H727 cells and tumor xenografts. 177Lu‐DOTATATE (22.20 MBq mL–1) and fluzoparib (50 µm) inhibited cell proliferation by 16.6% and 35.6%, respectively, compared to 73.2% in cells treated with their combination. Tumor cell proliferation was significantly suppressed by 177Lu‐DOTATATE (22.20 MBq mL–1, 4.4‐fold) and fluzoparib (50 µm, 2.1‐fold). 177Lu‐DOTATATE caused cell cycle arrest mainly at G1 phase, whereas fluzoparib caused arrest at G2/M phase, and combined treatment with both agents caused cell cycle arrest at G1 phase, similar to 177Lu‐DOTATATE alone. The volume of tumor xenografts was reduced by 18.6% in mice receiving combined treatment, compared to 4.9% and 11.4% in mice treated with 177Lu‐DOTATATE or fluzoparib alone. Fluzoparib can potentiate the anti‐tumor effect of 177Lu‐DOTATATE in NCI‐H727 cells in a synergistic manner by arresting the cell cycle at G1 phase. Further preclinical and clinical studies are warranted to validate these findings.
Analysis of the perceptions, knowledge and attitudes of parents towards fever in children: A systematic review with a qualitative meta‐synthesis
Authors: Vicens‐Blanes Francisco , Miró‐Bonet Rosa , Molina‐Mula Jesús 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFever is the most common symptom in childhood. Despite its prevalence and decades of education and research, the treatment of fever and febrile illnesses continues to cause concern and anxiety in parents. The objective of this systematic review with meta‐synthesis is to analyse parents' perceptions, knowledge and attitudes towards the febrile child and how they influence the construction of the concept of fever. The PRISMA international standards and PRISMA checklist, as well as the Cochrane recommendations, were followed. Articles with qualitative methodology have been selected that analyse what fever means to parents, what their concerns about this sign are, where they get their information and what their expectations are of healthcare professionals during treating their feverish child. Finally, 17 articles that met the inclusion criteria were added in the qualitative meta‐synthesis. The concept of fever has been represented as a non‐harmful sign in and of itself, an aspect that emerges in fathers and mothers' discourse. Meanwhile, the perceived need to lower the temperature still appears to be the main aim of their approach, with attitudes implying an emergency to reach normothermia, focusing on temperature as the primary indicator of severity.
Evaluation of optimal reference genes for the normalization by qPCR in viable but nonculturable state in Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris
Authors: Bai Kaihong , Chen Xing , Kan Yumin , Jiang Na , Li Jianqiang , Luo Laixin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractXanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), the pathogen of black rot of crucifers, could be induced into the viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state under stress, such as being induced by low concentration of Cu2+ and acid condition induction. The main objective of current study was to select the optimal reference genes for data normalization by qPCR in the VBNC state of Xcc. In this study, Xcc was induced into VBNC state by Cu2+ with an initial concentration of OD600 = 0.18 and OD600 = 0.45, and all viable bacterial cells lost the culturability and entered into the VBNC state at 24 h and 48 h respectively. The concentration of VBNC cells was 3.3 × 107 cells/ml and 1.5 × 107 cells/ml respectively. Eight candidate reference genes (gyrB, pbpA, gapA, rpoB, tufA, 16S rRNA, ugpC and recA) were selected to assess the expression stability in the VBNC state of Xcc by four algorithms (geNorm, NormFinder, delta‐Ct and BestKeeper), while RefFinder was used to integrate the output from the four algorithms in fine. According to the algorithm analysis and validation of clpX expression analysis, the most suitable reference gene this study identified was the combination of ugpC and pbpA, and the least suitable gene was 16S rRNA in the Xcc VBNC state. In this study, we identified the most stable internal controls under Cu2+‐inducing conditions for calibration qRT‐PCR analyses of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris and will be helpful to explore the stress resistance mechanism in this bacterium.
Does Male Gender Role Conflict Inhibit Help‐Seeking?1
Authors: Nagai Satoru 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSeveral studies have reported negative associations between help‐seeking and male gender role conflict (GRC). We examined associations between three indices of help‐seeking—help‐seeking intentions, help‐seeking attitudes, and help‐seeking styles—and two aspects of GRC: restrictive emotionality and success/power/competition. Additionally, we compared the impact of restrictive emotionality and success/power/competition, both as derived from the male gender role and as not solely derived from the male gender role, on help‐seeking. We conducted an online survey with 500 men who answered questions on help‐seeking, GRC, and subjective needs. Multiple‐group structural equation modeling indicated that restrictive emotionality derived from the male gender role was negatively associated with attitudes toward help‐seeking, which supported previous studies. However, restrictive emotionality derived from the male gender role was not related to help‐seeking intentions. In contrast, restrictive emotionality which is not derived from the male gender role had a negative association with most help‐seeking variables. These results suggest that while GRC is related to attitudes toward help‐seeking, its impact on help‐seeking is nevertheless quite limited.
Predicting preschool children's emotional eating: The role of parents' emotional eating, feeding practices and child temperament
Authors: Stone Rebecca A. , Blissett Jacqueline , Haycraft Emma , Farrow Claire 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEmotional eating (EE; defined as overeating irrespective of satiety and in response to emotional states) develops within childhood, persists into adulthood, and is linked with obesity. The origins of EE remain unclear, but parental behaviours (e.g., controlling feeding practices and modelling) and child characteristics (e.g., temperament) are often implicated. To date, the interaction between these influences has not been well investigated. This study explores whether the relationship between parent and child EE is shaped by parental feeding practices, and if the magnitude of this relationship varies as a function of child temperament. Mothers (N = 244) of 3–5‐year‐olds completed questionnaires about their EE, feeding practices, their children's EE and temperament. Results showed that parental use of food to regulate children's emotions fully mediated the relationship between parent and child EE, and using food as a reward and restricting food for health reasons partially mediated this relationship. Analyses demonstrated that the mediated relationship between parent and child EE via use of food as a reward and restriction of food for health reasons varied as a function of child negative affect, where high child negative affect moderated these mediations. These findings suggest child EE may result from interrelationships between greater parent EE, use of food as a reward, restriction of food for health reasons and negative affective temperaments, but that greater use of food for emotion regulation may predict greater child EE irrespective of child temperament.
Role of sugammadex in the treatment of anaphylaxis due to rocuronium in children: Extrapolation from adult and animal reports
Authors: Ghimire Anuranjan , Olbrecht Vanessa A. , Tobias Joseph D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAllergic reactions are generalized hypersensitivity processes triggered by different antigenic stimuli, resulting in the end effect of mast cell degranulation and adverse physiologic effects. During the perioperative period, the most commonly identified agents include antibiotics, neuromuscular blocking agents (rocuronium and succinylcholine), chlorhexidine, and iodinated dyes for radiologic imaging. Sugammadex is a novel agent for the reversal of neuromuscular blockade achieved with rocuronium or vecuronium. Its unique mechanism of action, whereby it encapsulates and forms a one‐to‐one complex with rocuronium, has led to its anecdotal use as an adjunct in the treatment of anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions following rocuronium. The current manuscript discusses the potential use of sugammadex in the treatment of allergic reactions following the administration of rocuronium, reviews previous anecdotal reports of its use in these scenarios, and provides recommendations for future care.
Intralesional sodium thiosulfate treatment of calcinosis cutis in pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism
Authors: Brokamp Gabrielle , Mosser‐Goldfarb Joy 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPseudopseudohypoparathyroidism is an imprinted GNAS spectrum disorder that induces the phenotype of Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy. This phenotype often involves the formation of calcinosis cutis: firm, painful cutaneous eruptions, which are classically difficult to treat. Intralesional sodium thiosulfate has been reported successfully in various cases of calcinosis cutis; however, these reports describe patients with autoimmune or idiopathic calcinosis. This case details the clinical improvement and resolution of calcinosis cutis lesions utilizing intralesional sodium thiosulfate in an adolescent patient with pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism.
Clinical practice guidelines for the management of children with mother‐to‐child transmitted hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Tajiri Hitoshi , Bessho Kazuhiko , Nakayama Yoshiko , Abukawa Daiki , Iitsuka Yoshinori , Ito Yoshinori , Inui Ayano , Etani Yuri , Suzuki Mitsuyoshi , Takano Tomoko , Tanaka Atsushi , Mizuochi Tatsuki , Miyoshi Yoko , Murakami Jun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe first guidelines for care of pregnant women carrying the hepatitis C virus (HCV) and their infants were published in 2005 in Japan. Since then, evidence has gradually accumulated worldwide regarding the natural course and treatment of this condition and, especially in recent years, treatment for chronic hepatitis C in adult patients has made great progress. However, the clinical practice policy for children has not been standardized, and new clinical practice guidelines for children with mother‐to‐child (MTC) transmitted HCV infection have become necessary.MethodsIn the development of the current guideline, we requested cooperation from The Japanese Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases, The Japan Society of Hepatology, and the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. The committee members were recommended and approved by each society to participate in developing the guidelines. The guideline was also created in accordance with the Minds Guide for Practice Guideline Development. The statements were prepared by consensus‐building using the Delphi method, based on the comprehensively searched academic papers and guidelines. These articles were retrieved through searching the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and the Igaku Chuo Zasshi databases.ResultsEight clinical questions (CQs) with clinical statements were developed regarding etiology (CQs 1–3), diagnosis (CQs 4 and 5), and treatment (two CQs 6 and 7). In each statement, the consensus rate, evidence level, and recommendation level were determined.ConclusionThe guidelines will be helpful in the management of children with hepatitis C MTC transmission.
Impact of childhood growth and obesity curves in school health examinations
Authors: Takaya Junji , Higashino Hirohiko , Takaya Ryuzo , Sakaguchi Hiromi , Tanoue Jitsuo , Higashide Takashi , Moriguchi Hisako , Nakao Masatoshi , Shigematsu Shigeto 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundWith the revision of the Japanese School Health and Safety Law in 2016, the use of growth and obesity curves has been recommended. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of growth and obesity curve creation in elementary and junior high schools using government‐issued software in Japan between 2016 and 2019.MethodsA questionnaire survey was conducted with school nursing teachers in elementary and junior high schools in Osaka, Japan. The questionnaire was distributed and collected by e‐mail between 1 and 31 March 2020.ResultsThe survey response rate was 87.1%. In total, 78.5% of the elementary schools, and 75.0% of the junior high schools had the software for creating the growth curves. The rate of adoption of growth curve creation using the software increased in elementary schools (from 16.2% in 2016 to 40.5% in 2019 and in junior high schools from 6.0% in 2016 to 33.6% in 2019. The detection rates of growth abnormalities also increased over the 4 years in elementary and junior high schools, as follows: short stature (2.48‐ and 3.81‐fold, respectively), tall stature (2.77‐ and 4.77‐fold, respectively), emaciation (2.62 and 4.85‐fold, respectively), mild obesity (2.66 and 5.15‐fold, respectively), moderate obesity (2.71‐ and 4.14‐fold, respectively), and severe obesity (2.45‐ and 3.32‐fold, respectively). The rates of receiving a recommendation slip and going on to consult a specialist for each growth abnormality were low.ConclusionsBy utilizing these curves, the detection rate of physical development abnormalities increased, but the rate of recommending a specialist consultation and the rate of actual consultation with a specialist were still low.