bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive end‐effector pose control for tomato harvesting robots
Authors: Wang Dong , Dong Yongxiang , Lian Jie , Gu Dongbing 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the development of a tomato‐harvesting robot operating on a plant factory and primarily studies the reachable pose of tomatoes in the nondexterous workspace of manipulator. The end‐effector can only reach the tomatoes with reachable poses when the tomatoes are within the nondexterous workspace. If the grasping pose is not reachable, it will lead to grasping failure. An adaptive end‐effector pose control method based on a genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed to find a reachable pose. The inverse kinematic solution based on analysis method of the manipulator is analyzed and the objective function of whether the manipulator has a solution or not is obtained. The grasping pose is set as an individual owing to the position of the tomatoes is fixed and the grasping pose is variable. The GA is used to solve until a pose that can make the inverse kinematics have a solution is generated. This pose is the reachable grasping pose of the tomato at this position. The quintic interpolation polynomial is used to plan the trajectory to avoid damage to tomatoes owing to fast approaching speed and a distance based background filtering method is proposed. Experiments were performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The radius of the workspace of the UR3e manipulator with the end‐effector increased from 550 to 800 mm and the grasping range expanded by 208%. The harvesting success rate using the adaptive end‐effector pose control method and trajectory planning method was 88%. The cycle of harvesting a tomato was 20 s. The experimental results indicated that the proposed tomato‐recognition and end‐effector pose control method are feasible and effective.
Family conversations about species change as support for children's developing understandings of evolution
Authors: Hohenstein Jill , Tenenbaum Harriet R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo examine the ways that 6‐ to 11‐year‐old children's conversation with their parents support their developing understandings of evolution, 49 parent–child dyads participated in a study with two elicited discussion tasks: origins of species and potential species change. Conversational data were transcribed, coded, and qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed to compare the appearance of reasoning in each type of task. Quantitative analyses revealed correlations between tasks in informed naturalistic reasoning as well as differences in the way reasoning was expressed in each task. In addition, parent–child dyads with older children were more likely to use informed naturalistic reasoning than parent–child dyads with younger children. A subset of the data was analyzed qualitatively and showed that irrespective of how much evolution reference was present in the conversation, parents supported their children's learning through scaffolding. However, greater amounts of nonscientific reasoning appeared in the groups with less evolution talk. This study demonstrates that family talk about evolution varies with context both within and between families.
Fluorometric Dual Sensing of Al3+ and Fe3+ Ions with Novel Green Synthesis Carbon Dot from Ocimum Basilicum
Authors: Bozkurt Ebru 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNew eco‐friendly carbon dot structures (CDs) were synthesized with hydrothermal method from ocimum basilicum in a single step. Structure, morphology and optical analyzes of these new CDs were performed with TEM, XRD, FTIR, XPS, UV‐Vis. absorption and steady‐state fluorescence measurements. It was determined that nano‐sized CDs structures with high fluorescence properties were obtained by the analysis results. The sensor application of CDs was studied using various metal ions with different charges. The results showed that these ocimum basilicum based CDs were sensitive and selective only for Fe3+ and Al3+ ions. LOD values of Fe3+ and Al3+ ions were calculated as 0.12 μM and 0.78 μM, respectively. As a result of interference and response time studies, it was determined that CDs have a highly selective and rapid response for Fe3+ and Al3+ ions. It was observed that CDs have practical applicability with real sample tests. The results obtained showed that this new CDs exhibit both “turn‐off” (for Fe3+ ions) and “turn‐on” (for Al3+ ions) detection simultaneously.
Molecular evaluation of Cryptosporidium spp. among breeding calves of Lorestan province Western Iran
Authors: Talebi Razieh , Javadi Mamaghani Amirreza , Kheirandish Farnaz , Karimi Azadeh , Ebrahimzadeh Farzad , Kazempour Mohamad , Zebardast Nozhat , Fallahi Shirzad 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundCryptosporidium spp. are opportunistic intestinal protozoans with global distribution and are of great importance as zoonotic protozoans are common to humans and domestic animals, including cattle and calves. Identification and detection of parasite species using precise methods including molecular methods can be an effective step in treating and controlling parasites.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Cryptosporidium among breeding calves of Khorramabad city, Lorestan province, Western Iran, using PCR.MethodsThe faecal samples were taken from 181 healthy and diarrhoeal calves and after the Ziehl Neelsen Acid‐fast staining and microscopic evaluation, the genomic DNA was extracted for molecular evaluations. To detect Cryptosporidium species, specific primers targeting the SAM‐1 gene of Cryptosporidium and a commercial master mix were used for PCR.ResultsOut of 181 faecal samples of breeding calves in Khorramabad city, 9 samples (5%) were positive for Cryptosporidium spp. using the PCR method. Statistical analysis of the data showed that there was no significant statistical relationship between Cryptosporidium infection of the calves and variables of age, breed, type of water consumption, clinical signs of diarrhoea, and sampling location, while parasite infection had a significant relationship with calf gender so that all Cryptosporidium positive samples were from male calves (p ≤ 0.05).ConclusionsConsidering the presence of Cryptosporidium infection, the region's traditional grazing system, and the close relationship between livestock and humans, there is a possibility of human infection in the region. So preventive measures such as periodic animal testing with sensitive and accurate diagnostic techniques including PCR, pharmacological treatment of livestock, water hygiene and the use of industrial grazing instead of traditional grazing to improve the hygiene of food consumed by livestock are recommended.
Assessment of the microvascular perfusion using sidestream dark‐field imaging in healthy newborn foals
Authors: Freccero Francesca , Di Maio Chiara , Mariella Jole , Lanci Aliai , Castagnetti Carolina , Hallowell Gayle 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundDifferent methods to measure tissue perfusion are available in equine neonatology, but they are not representative of microvascular derangements.ObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility of the sidestream dark‐field (SDF) capillaroscopy to visualize the capillary microvasculature in conscious newborn foals, the differences between two imaging sites and times of measurements, and the measurements' reproducibility.MethodsSeventeen healthy newborn foals were enrolled. Three sites at the upper and lower lip mucosa were assessed by SDF, using a hand‐held capiscope, at 24 h and at 4–5 days after birth. Videos were assessed independently by two observers for quality and for semiquantitative calculation of microvascular parameters, including vascular density (VD), microvascular flow index (MFI), proportion of perfused vessels (PPV), and functional capillary density (FCD). Data were analyzed using unpaired and paired Student's T‐tests to assess differences between sites and time‐points. Bland–Altman plots and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to assess measurement reproducibility.ResultsDifferences were found between the upper and the lower lip for VD at both 24 h and 4–5 days, and for FCD at 24 h, and between the two time‐points for PPV at the lower lip. ICC for measurement reproducibility was good for all parameters (0.64–0.79) for the lower lip, and was good for VD and FCD (0,76–0,79) and fair to moderate for MFI and PPV (0.31–0.41) for the upper lip.ConclusionsMeasurement of the capillary microvasculature is feasible in the conscious newborn foal. The lower lip has the best measurement reproducibility. Further investigations are warranted in cardiovascularly compromised cases, particularly in septic foals.
Energy and Society: Toward a Sustainable Future
Authors: Griffith Saul 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEnergy is the single greatest lever that moves civilization. As a society, we have pulled upon fossil fuels as a historical source of energy, but have begun transitioning toward alternatives. This chapter explores our global move toward alternative forms of energy, their feasibility and impacts, and the kind of world we can create with a decarbonized and electrified future. We thus need to consider how much energy we need, and evaluate alternative sources of energy including nuclear power. Then we need to consider what the effects of achieving a sustainable energy future would be, including impacts on biodiversity and land use. These goals will aid in creating a sustainable civilization while mitigating the destruction of biodiversity and further impacts to planetary life support systems.
Polarization in Cascade Decays
Authors: Faccioli Pietro , Lourenço Carlos 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis chapter addresses the case of a vector particle produced indirectly from the decay or transformation of a particle having $$J = 0$$ ($$\chi_{c0} \to \mathrm{J}/\psi \, \gamma$$, $$\mathrm{B} \to \mathrm{J}/\psi \, \mathrm{K}$$, $$\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{Z} \, \gamma$$, etc.), $$J = 1$$ or $$J = 2$$ ($$\chi_{c1,2} \to \mathrm{J}/\psi \, \gamma$$, $$\mathrm{Z} \to \mathrm{J}/\psi \, \gamma$$, etc.), describing the polarization frame definitions that can be adopted to represent the two-step process, and their respective advantages. We illustrate how several measurement and kinematic conditions can lead to very different observable polarizations of the vector particle, in the special but frequent case where the intermediate decay step remains unobserved and only the final dilepton angular distribution is measured. We also discuss how the peculiar observation, made at the LHC, of almost unpolarized “directly” produced J/$$\psi$$ mesons may be understood as the result of a two-step production mechanism.
Impact of Early Enteral Nutrition on Delayed Gastric Emptying and Nutritional Status After Pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Hosoda Kiyotaka , Shimizu Akira , Kubota Koji , Notake Tsuyoshi , Masuo Hitoshi , Yoshizawa Takahiro , Sakai Hiroki , Ikehara Tomohiko , Yasukawa Koya , Hayashi Hikaru , Soejima Yuji 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough early enteral nutrition (EEN) is an accepted practice after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), the impact of EEN on postoperative complications or nutritional status remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the impact of EEN on delayed gastric emptying (DGE) and nutritional status after PD.MethodsA total of 143 patients underwent PD between January 2012 and September 2020. We excluded patients who underwent a two‐stage pancreatojejunostomy, in whom the enteral tube was accidentally pulled out, or with insufficient information in their medical records. The incidence of postoperative complications was compared between patients who received EEN (EEN group, n = 21) and those who did not (control group, n = 21) after propensity score matching. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the risk factors affecting the incidence of these complications. Nutritional status was assessed at postoperative months 1, 3, and 6.ResultsThe incidence of grade B/C DGE in the EEN group was significantly lower than that in the control group (4.8% vs. 28.6%, p = 0.03). There was no significant difference in overall morbidity, incidence of any other postoperative complications, or all‐grade DGE. In multivariate analysis, EEN was associated with a reduction in the incidence of grade B/C DGE (p < 0.01). In the analysis of nutritional status, EEN was significantly associated with better nutritional status at postoperative month 1.ConclusionEEN can lead to a lower clinically relevant DGE rate and better nutritional status in the early postoperative period in patients undergoing PD.
Index Admission Cholecystectomy for Biliary Colic Precludes the Risk of Readmissions with Biliary Complications and should be Standard Treatment
Authors: Lucocq James , Patil Pradeep , Scollay John 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundEmergency biliary colic admissions can be managed with an index or elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Opting to perform an elective LC may have significant repercussions such as the risk of readmissions before operation with further attacks or with biliary complications (e.g. cholecystitis, pancreatitis, choledocholithiasis). The risk of readmission and biliary complications in patients admitted with biliary colic but scheduled for elective surgery has never been investigated. The secondary aim was to compare rates of peri‐operative morbidity between the index admission, elective and readmission LC cohorts.MethodAll patients admitted with a diagnosis of biliary colic over a 5‐year period and proceeding to LC were included in the study (n = 441). The risk of being readmitted and suffering further morbidity whilst awaiting elective LC was investigated. Peri‐operative morbidity was compared between the index admission, elective and readmitted LC groups using univariate and multivariate analysis.ResultsFollowing a biliary colic admission, the risk of readmission whilst awaiting elective LC is significant (2 months‐25%; 10 months‐48%). In this group, the risks of subsequent biliary complications (18.0%) and the requirement for ERCP (6.5%) were significant. Patients who are readmitted before LC, suffer a more complicated peri‐operative course (longer total length of stay, higher post‐operative complications, imaging and readmission).DiscussionIndex admission LC for biliary colic avoids the significant risk of readmission and biliary complications before surgery and should be the gold standard. Readmitted patients are likely to have higher rates of peri‐operative adverse outcomes. Patients should be counselled about these risks.
Climate change impacts on wind power generation for the Italian peninsula
Authors: Bonanno Riccardo , Viterbo Francesca , Maurizio Riva Giuseppe 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWind energy is one of the key renewable resources contributing to climate change mitigation policies in national and international energy transition strategies. However, climate change itself can affect the availability of wind resources, due to possible future changes in large-scale circulation pattern. This study aims to understand whether how and to what extent current and future climate change is affecting wind producibility in Italy. In this analysis, the 10 m wind speed from Euro-CORDEX regional climate models was bias-corrected using MERIDA meteorological reanalysis and the wind producibility is calculated, using a reference turbine chosen among the most commonly installed in Italian wind farms. The changes in the availability of wind resources from the reference period 1986–2005 for the short (2021–2050), medium (2051–2080), and long term (2071–2100) are analyzed, considering both the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios. The results show a prevalently weak and not statistically significant climate signal for the RCP 4.5 scenario, while a more pronounced and significant signal is highlighted for the RCP 8.5 scenario in the medium and long term, indicating a decrease in wind producibility. Specifically, the conclusions suggest that future planning of wind producibility should mainly focus in some specific areas of the eastern Italian coast and in the south-east Italian regions, mostly in the off-shore areas. In these regions, indeed, the RCP 8.5 scenario shows the lowest decrease in the overall annual producibility, while, for the RCP 4.5 scenario, the medium and the long term foresee a slight increase in wind producibility at the annual level, while, in the short term, an increasing trend is observed mostly in the spring season.
A Longitudinal Investigation of the Relationship Between Trauma-Related Cognitive Processes and Internalising and Externalising Psychopathology in Young People in Out-of-Home Care
Authors: Davis Rebecca S , Halligan Sarah L , Meiser-Stedman Richard , Elliott Elizabeth , Ward Georgina , Hiller Rachel M 
Published: December 2022

AbstractYoung people in out-of-home care are at increased risk of developing a range of posttrauma mental health difficulties, including PTSD, but more commonly anxiety, depression and externalising symptoms. Cognitive models of PTSD indicate that trauma-related maladaptive appraisals, coping strategies and trauma memory qualities are key processes in the development and maintenance of PTSD, yet there has been limited investigation of the potential role of these processes in broader posttrauma psychopathology, particularly in young people who have been exposed to complex, rather than acute, trauma. We recruited 120 10–18 years olds in out-of-home care, and their caregivers, who completed assessments at two time points: baseline and 12-month follow-up. Young people completed self-report measures of trauma-related maladaptive appraisals, coping strategies and trauma-memory qualities, as well as reporting on PTSD, anxiety, depression and externalising symptoms. Carers also reported on internalising and externalising symptoms. We found that all three cognitive processes were associated with baseline self-reported internalising symptoms, with maladaptive appraisals most robustly associated with both anxiety and depression. Changes in all three processes over 12-months predicted a change in self-reported internalising and externalising symptoms, with maladaptive appraisals and coping predicting anxiety symptoms, and coping uniquely predicting depression and externalising symptoms. Effects remained after controlling for co-occurring PTSD symptoms. Findings were not replicated when using carer-reported symptoms. These findings suggest that existing cognitive models of PTSD may also usefully explain broader posttrauma depression, anxiety and externalising symptoms in young people who have experienced maltreatment and live in out-of-home care. Clinical implications are discussed.
Taking the nominative (back) out of the accusative
Authors: Christopoulos Christos , Zompì Stanislao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe nominative, the accusative and the dative have been recently argued to stand in proper containment to one another. In contrast to more traditional decompositions which posited no such containment, this new decomposition has been shown to account for the absence of ABA exponence patterns for this triplet of cases, i.e. for the fact that no rule of exponence applies in both nominative and dative without also applying in the accusative. We point out that, in addition to its desirable predictions regarding *ABA, the more recent decomposition also makes an undesirable prediction about the derivation of ABB patterns, as we show based on data from Indo-European languages. We argue that a third theory—under which the accusative is properly contained within the dative, but the nominative and the accusative do not stand in a containment relation to one another—accounts for all the relevant facts.
Cyclic stress–dilatancy relations and plastic flow potentials for soils based on hypothesis of complementarity of stress–dilatancy conjugates
Authors: Tsegaye Anteneh Biru 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSoil, rocks and rock masses dilate or compact when sheared, i.e., distortion necessitates volume change. This coupling between distortional strains and volumetric strains, described by stress–dilatancy theories, endows soils with manifestation of peculiar characteristics when they are subjected to shear. Stress–dilatancy theories have become central in describing the mechanical energy dissipation mechanism and further establishing flow rules in constitutive modelling of soils. The classical stress–dilatancy theories, such as Taylor's and Rowe's, are endowed with simplicity and descriptive power, but they were developed for describing the dilatancy behaviour of soils subjected to loading in shear (mobilizing away from isotropic stress state) and needed to be extended for describing plastic dissipation and shear-induced volumetric changes when soils are subjected to cyclic shear. In this paper, hypothesis of complementarity of stress–dilatancy conjugates is proposed as a unifying hypothesis for deriving stress–dilatancy relations for both loading in shear and unloading in shear. Then, plastic potential functions are derived based on the resulting stress–dilatancy relations. In so doing, the resulting stress–dilatancy relations and plastic potential functions are rendered with a quality to be used for the modelling of deformation behavior of soils subjected to both monotonic and cyclic shearing. The theoretical framework is applied first for plane strain and axisymmetric stress–strain conditions; and then extended for the general stress condition considering the Lode angle dependency of the shear strength of soils, using the multilaminate framework and applying the Matsuoka–Nakai spatial mobilized plane.
Aspects of the Kahane–Salem–Zygmund inequalities in Banach spaces
Authors: Defant Andreas , Mastyło Mieczysław 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe main aim of this work is to discuss several different approaches to the celebrated Kahane–Salem–Zygmund inequalities. In particular, we prove estimates for exponential Orlicz norms of averages $$\sup _{1\le j\le N}\Big |\sum _{i=1}^K a_i(j) \gamma _i\Big |\,,$$

sup

1
≤
j
≤
N

|

∑

i
=
1

K

a
i

(
j
)

γ
i

|

,

where $$ (a_i(j)) \in \ell _\infty ^N, \, 1 \le i \le K$$

(

a
i

(
j
)

)

∈

ℓ
∞
N

,

1
≤
i
≤
K

and the $$(\gamma _i)$$

(

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i

)

form a sequence of real or complex subgaussian random variables. Lifting these inequalities to finite dimensional Banach spaces, we get some new Kahane–Salem–Zygmund type inequalities—in particular, for spaces of subgaussian random polynomials and multilinear forms on finite dimensional Banach spaces, and also for subgaussian random Dirichlet polynomials.
Estimates in direct inequalities for the Szász–Mirakyan operator
Authors: Adell José A. , Cárdenas-Morales Daniel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper deals with the approximation of continuous functions by the classical Szász–Mirakyan operator. We give new bounds for the constant in front of the second order Ditzian–Totik modulus of smoothness in direct inequalities. Asymptotic and non asymptotic results are stated. We use both analytical and probabilistic methods, the latter involving the representation of the operators in terms of the standard Poisson process. A smoothing technique based on a modification of the Steklov means is also applied.
Network cards: concise, readable summaries of network data
Authors: Bagrow James , Ahn Yong-Yeol 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe deluge of network datasets demands a standard way to effectively and succinctly summarize network datasets. Building on similar efforts to standardize the documentation of models and datasets in machine learning, here we proposenetwork cards, short summaries of network datasets that can capture not only the basic statistics of the network but also information about the data construction process, provenance, ethical considerations, and other metadata. In this paper, we lay out (1) the rationales and objectives for network cards, (2) key elements that should be included in network cards, and (3) example network cards to underscore their benefits across a variety of research domains. We also provide a schema, templates, and a software package for generating network cards.