bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pemeriksaan Inspeksi Visual Asetat (IVA) dan Pendidikan Kesehatan Kanker Serviks Guna Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Kesehatan Reproduksi pada Pasangan Usia Subur
Authors: Kaparang Mercy Joice , Dewie Artika 
Published: December 2022

Kanker serviks atau kanker leher rahim merupakan penyebab kematian akibat kanker yang menempati posisi kedua terbesar bagi perempuan didunia. cakupan deteksi dini kanker leher rahim dengan metode IVA di Kota Palu tahun 2019 sebesar 7,5% yang telah mencapai target cakupan Indonesia sebesar 7,34%, namun masih perlu adanya peningkatan capaian agar semua wanita usia subur memperoleh pemeriksaan IVA. Tujuan kegiatan meningkatkan pengetahuan Wanita Usia Subur (WUS) tentang kanker serviks sehingga meningkat pula kesadaran melakukan pemeriksaan Dini terjadinya Kanker serviks dan dapat menjaga kesehatan reproduksi. Metode yang digunakan merupakan penyuluhan mengenani kaker serviks, pemeriksaan IVA test bagi yang bersedia, evaluasi jika hasil test negatif dilakukan pembinaan dan jika hasilnya positif akan dirujuk ke fasilitas kesehatan untuk pemeriksaan lebih lanjut. Sasaran yaitu wanita usia subur yang tinggal disekitar Pondok Pesentren Hidayatullah Tondo sebanyak 10 responden. Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan terdapat 10 responden WUS yang bersedia mendaftarkan diri untuk melakukan pemeriksaan IVA test di Puskesmas, dari 100% responden yang hadir didapatkan hasil pemeriksaan IVA test negatif. Kesimpulan dalam kegiatan ini yaitu mendeteksi kanker leher Rahim dengan melakukan pemeriksaan IVA Test tercapai. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan ini menyarankan agar tidak hanya ditujukan bagi wanita usia subur tetapi bagi seluruh masyarakat untuk lebih aktif dalam kegiatan pencegahan penyakit dengan mengikuti penyuluhan dan pemeriksaan IVA Test, selanjutnya dapat menyampaikan pengetahuan dan pengalamannya kepada wanita usia subur lain sehingga dapat menambah motivasi untuk melakukan pemeriksaan IVA test.
Screening and diagnosis of triple negative breast cancer based on rapid metabolic fingerprinting by conductive polymer spray ionization mass spectrometry and machine learning
Authors: Song Yaoyao , Zhang Yan , Xie Songhai , Song Xiaowei 
Published: December 2022

We present the use of conductive spray polymer ionization mass spectrometry (CPSI-MS) combined with machine learning (ML) to rapidly gain the metabolic fingerprint from 1 μl liquid extraction from the biopsied tissue of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in China. The 76 discriminative metabolite markers are verified at the primary carcinoma site and can also be successfully tracked in the serum. The Lasso classifier featured with 15- and 22-metabolites detected by CPSI-MS achieve a sensitivity of 88.8% for rapid serum screening and a specificity of 91.1% for tissue diagnosis, respectively. Finally, the expression levels of their corresponding upstream enzymes and transporters have been initially confirmed. In general, CPSI-MS/ML serves as a cost-effective tool for the rapid screening, diagnosis, and precise characterization for the TNBC metabolism reprogramming in the clinical practice.
Deep learning automates detection of wall motion abnormalities via measurement of longitudinal strain from ECG-gated CT images
Authors: Li Hui , Chen Zhennong , Kahn Andrew M. , Kligerman Seth , Narayan Hari K. , Contijoch Francisco J. 
Published: December 2022

Introduction4D cardiac CT (cineCT) is increasingly used to evaluate cardiac dynamics. While echocardiography and CMR have demonstrated the utility of longitudinal strain (LS) measures, measuring LS from cineCT currently requires reformatting the 4D dataset into long-axis imaging planes and delineating the endocardial boundary across time. In this work, we demonstrate the ability of a recently published deep learning framework to automatically and accurately measure LS for detection of wall motion abnormalities (WMA).MethodsOne hundred clinical cineCT studies were evaluated by three experienced cardiac CT readers to identify whether each AHA segment had a WMA. Fifty cases were used for method development and an independent group of 50 were used for testing. A previously developed convolutional neural network was used to automatically segment the LV bloodpool and to define the 2, 3, and 4 CH long-axis imaging planes. LS was measured as the perimeter of the bloodpool for each long-axis plane. Two smoothing approaches were developed to avoid artifacts due to papillary muscle insertion and texture of the endocardial surface. The impact of the smoothing was evaluated by comparison of LS estimates to LV ejection fraction and the fractional area change of the corresponding view.ResultsThe automated, DL approach successfully analyzed 48/50 patients in the training cohort and 47/50 in the testing cohort. The optimal LS cutoff for identification of WMA was −21.8, −15.4, and −16.6% for the 2-, 3-, and 4-CH views in the training cohort. This led to correct labeling of 85, 85, and 83% of 2-, 3-, and 4-CH views, respectively, in the testing cohort. Per-study accuracy was 83% (84% sensitivity and 82% specificity). Smoothing significantly improved agreement between LS and fractional area change (R2: 2 CH = 0.38 vs. 0.89 vs. 0.92).ConclusionAutomated LV blood pool segmentation and long-axis plane delineation via deep learning enables automatic LS assessment. LS values accurately identify regional wall motion abnormalities and may be used to complement standard visual assessments.
Non-specific electrocardiographic ST-T abnormalities predict mortality in patients on peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Zhan Xiaojiang , Zeng Chuanfei , He Jiajing , Wang Menghui , Xiao Jun 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of non-specific ST-segment and/or T-wave abnormalities in electrocardiography (ECG) for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality (CVM) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.MethodsAll patients who started PD between November 1, 2005, and February 28, 2017, at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University were enrolled. The primary outcomes were all-cause mortality and CVM. The Kaplan–Meier method and a log-rank test were used for the survival analysis. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to investigate the risk factors for all-cause mortality and CVM.ResultsA total of 724 eligible PD patients were enrolled, including 401 (55.4%) men. In total, 153 (21.1%) patients died during a mean follow-up period of 27 (interquartile range, 13–41) months, and cardiovascular death was responsible for 84 of these deaths. The patients with non-specific ST-T abnormalities (NSSTTAs) had lower overall and cardiovascular survival rates compared to those free from any ECG abnormalities. According to the multivariate Cox proportional hazards models, (NSSTTAs) are independent risk factors for all-cause mortality and CVM, the hazard ratios are 1.81 (95% confidence interval, 1.11–2.95; p = 0.017) and 2.86 (95% confidence interval, 1.52–5.37; p = 0.001), respectively.ConclusionNon-specific ST-T abnormalities can serve as risk markers of all-cause and CVM in PD patients.
Patient-specific fluid simulation of transcatheter mitral valve replacement in mitral annulus calcification
Authors: Hill Samuel Joseph , Young Alistair , Prendergast Bernard , Redwood Simon , Rajani Ronak , De Vecchi Adelaide 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionTranscatheter mitral valve replacement is a promising alternative to open-heart surgery in elderly patients. Patients with severe mitral annulus calcification (MAC) are a particularly high-risk population, where postprocedural complications can have catastrophic effects. Amongst these, obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract can lead to ventricular hypertrophic remodeling and subsequent heart failure, while subclinical valve thrombosis can result in early bioprosthetic valve failure.MethodsTo elucidate the mechanisms of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and valve thrombosis following valve-in-MAC procedures, we used image processing and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software to generate patient- and device-specific models based on preprocedural CT data. Personalized computer simulations were performed to predict the left ventricular haemodynamics after implantation in three patients with severe MAC.ResultsThe simulations have successfully captured the increased pressure gradient in the left ventricular outflow tract as a result of the partial obstruction due to the implanted valve. Regions of wall shear stress above the threshold value for platelet activation were also observed on the bioprosthetic frame as a result of the reduced outflow tract area, which led to increases in flow resistance and blood residence time inside the ventricle. Consistent with these findings, areas of slow recirculating flow and blood stasis formed near the valve frame, creating potential pro-thrombotic conditions.DiscussionThis study provides insight into the relationship between size and shape of the outflow tract post-implantation, pressure gradients and pro-thrombotic flow metrics such as wall shear stress and blood residence time. Results show the potential of CFD modeling to bring key functional metrics into preprocedural assessment for a comprehensive evaluation of post-procedural risks beyond anatomical factors. Following further validation and extension to the atrial chamber, this approach can provide an in-depth analysis of the likelihood of valvular thrombosis.
The effect of total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio on mortality risk in the general population
Authors: Zhou Dan , Liu Xiaocong , Lo Kenneth , Huang Yuqing , Feng Yingqing 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundThe relationship between the total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) ratio and all−cause and cardiovascular mortality has not been elucidated. Herein, we intend to probe the effect of the TC/HDL-C ratio on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the general population.MethodsFrom the 1999–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES), a total of 32,405 health participants aged ≥18 years were included. The TC/HDL-C levels were divided into five groups: Q1: &lt;2.86, Q2: 2.86–3.46, Q3: 3.46–4.12, Q4: 4.12–5.07, Q5: &gt;5.07. Multivariate Cox regression models were used to explore the relationship between the TC/HDL-C ratio and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Two−piecewise linear regression models and restricted cubic spline regression were used to explore nonlinear and irregularly shaped relationships. Kaplan–Meier survival curve and subgroup analyses were conducted.ResultsThe population comprised 15,675 men and 16,730 women with a mean age of 43 years. During a median follow-up of 98 months (8.1 years), 2,859 mortality cases were recorded. The TC/HDL-C ratio and all-cause mortality showed a nonlinear association after adjusting for confounding variables in the restricted cubic spline analysis. Hazard ratios (HRs) of all-cause mortality were particularly positively related to the level of TC/HDL-C ratio in the higher range &gt;5.07 and in the lower range &lt;2.86 (HR 1.26; 95% CI 1.10, 1.45; HR 1.18; 95% CI 1.00, 1.38, respectively), although the HRs of cardiovascular disease mortality showed no difference among the five groups. In the two-piecewise linear regression model, a TC/HDL-C ratio range of ≥4.22 was positively correlated with cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.13; 95% CI 1.02, 1.25). In the subgroup analysis, a nonlinear association between TC/HDL-C and all-cause mortality was found in those aged &lt;65 years, men, and the no lipid drug treatment populationConclusionA nonlinear association between the TC/HDL-C ratio and all-cause mortality was found, indicating that a too-low or too-high TC/HDL-C ratio might increase all-cause mortality. However, for cardiovascular mortality, it does not seem so. The cutoff value was 4.22. The individuals had higher cardiovascular mortality with a TC/HDL-C ratio &gt;4.22.
Comparison of different insulin resistance surrogates to predict hyperuricemia among U.S. non-diabetic adults
Authors: Wang Hao , Zhang Jia , Pu Yuzhu , Qin Shengmei , Liu Huan , Tian Yongming , Tang Zhihong 
Published: December 2022

PurposeAlthough it has been well-acknowledged that insulin resistance (IR) plays a critical role in the development of hyperuricemia (HU), specific relationship between IR and HU in non-diabetic patients remains rarely studied, and there is still no large-scale research regarding this issue. This study aims to explore the association between triglyceride glucose (TyG), TyG with body mass index (TyG-BMI), the ratio of triglycerides divided by high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C), metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR), and the risk of HU in non-diabetic patients in The United States of America.Patients and methodsData from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) enrolling a representative population aged ≥18-year-old were included to calculate these four indexes. Logistic regression analysis was applied to describe their associations and calculate odds ratios (OR) while the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve was utilized to assess the prediction ability of these four indexes.ResultsA total of 7,743 people (3,806 males and 3,937 females, mean age: 45.17 ± 17.10 years old) were included in this study, among whom 32.18% suffered from HU. After adjustment for sex, age, ethnicity, education background, smoking status, drinking status, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), metabolic equivalent values (METs), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and estimated glomerular filtration rate, it showed that all four indexes were closely related to HU. Compared with the lowest quartile, OR of the highest quartile of these four indicators for HU were as following respectively: TyG: 5.61 (95% CI: 4.29–7.32); TyG-BMI: 7.15 (95% CI: 5.56–9.20); TG/HDL-C: 4.42 (95% CI: 3.49–5.60); METS-IR: 7.84 (95% CI: 6.07–10.13). TyG, TyG-BMI, TG/HDL-C and METS-IR had moderate discrimination ability for HU, with an AUC value of 0.66 (95% CI: 0.65–0.68), 0.67 (95% CI: 0.65-0.68), 0.68 (95% CI: 0.67-0.69) and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.66–0.69) respectively. Each index showed better prediction ability for HU risk in females than in males.ConclusionIt was found that the risk of HU was positively associated with the elevation of TyG, TyG-BMI, TG/HDL-C and METS-IR in a large-scale population of U.S., and TyG-BMI and METS-IR have a better ability to identify HU in both genders.
Restoring bigcone Douglas-fir post-fire in drought-stricken Southern California: Assessing the effects of site choice and outplanting strategies
Authors: Runte Gabriel C. , Oono Ryoko , Molinari Nicole A. , Proulx Stephen R. , D’Antonio Carla M. 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionForest restoration is a powerful tool to combat the dual threats of drought and fire, both of which have been increasing in frequency and severity in recent years in the Western United States. The hard-hit region of Southern California is home to the endemic bigcone Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga macrocarpa (Vasey), whose abundance and range have been impacted by multiple large fires within the last two decades.MethodsTo better understand the ecology of these trees, and thereby improve the potential for restoration in light of predicted future conditions, we outplanted 1,728 seedlings into burned areas with varying levels of pre-planting fire severity and proximity to water (near canyon bottom and upslope). Within each planting area, seedlings were planted into one of four microhabitats; under conspecifics, under the codominant oak species [Quercus chrysolepis (Liebm)], in the open (no woody canopy), or in the open within a microsite feature such as a log, rock or a small shaded hole. At each site and within each microhabitat, half the seedlings were treated with oak-soil amendments (soil from under the oak) and half with spring watering (4 months after planting). To better understand the influence of outplanting conditions, we tracked the survival of the seedlings over the next two years.Results and discussionShort-term (March to June) survivorship following planting was quite high and the most significant die-off of seedlings occurred during the first dry season (June to November) despite strong droughts in the second and third dry seasons. Overall, only 7.3% (127 of 1,728) of seedlings survived. Seedling success depended strongly on the microhabitat and summer watering, though not in necessarily intuitive ways. Seedlings that received supplemental water during the first summer did worse than unwatered seedlings. The most successful microhabitats for planting were open sites with microsite features and sites underneath canyon live oak, while sites under mature bigcone Douglas-firs had the lowest rates of survival. Position on the slope had no effect on outcomes and soil amendment had a weak negative effect on seedling survival.
Mucosa associated invariant T and natural killer cells in active and budesonide treated collagenous colitis patients
Authors: Daferera Niki , Nyström Sofia , Hjortswang Henrik , Ignatova Simone , Jenmalm Maria C. , Ström Magnus , Münch Andreas 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionCollagenous colitis (CC) is an inflammatory bowel disease, which usually responds to budesonide treatment. Our aim was to study the immunological background of the disease.MethodsAnalyses of peripheral and mucosal MAIT (mucosa associated invariant T cells) and NK (natural killer) cells were performed with flow cytometry. Numbers of mucosal cells were calculated using immunohistochemistry. We studied the same patients with active untreated CC (au-CC) and again while in remission on budesonide treatment. Budesonide refractory patients and healthy controls were also included. The memory marker CD45R0 and activation marker CD154 and CD69 were used to further study the cells. Finally B cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were also analysed.ResultsThe percentages of circulating CD56dimCD16+ NK cells as well as MAIT cells (CD3+TCRVa7.2+CD161+) were decreased in au-CC compared to healthy controls. This difference was not seen in the mucosa; where we instead found increased numbers of mucosal CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells in au-CC. Mucosal immune cell numbers were not affected by budesonide treatment. In refractory CC we found increased mucosal numbers of MAIT cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells compared to au-CC.DiscussionPatients with active collagenous colitis have lower percentages of circulating MAIT and NK cells. However, there was no change of these cells in the colonic mucosa. Most mucosal cell populations were increased in budesonide refractory as compared to au-CC patients, particularly the number of MAIT cells. This may indicate that T cell targeting therapy could be an alternative in budesonide refractory CC.
Observation of a mesoscale warm eddy impacts acoustic propagation in the slope of the South China Sea
Authors: Chen Wen , Zhang Yongchui , Liu Yuyao , Wu Yanqun , Zhang Yun , Ren Kaijun 
Published: December 2022

Acoustic rays are modified while propagating through oceanic eddies. However, due to the lack of field synchronous observation, the impact of mesoscale eddy on the acoustic propagation is less clarified. To address the issue, an eddy-acoustic synchronous observation (EASO) field experiment for a mesoscale warm eddy was carried out in the slope of the South China Sea (SCS) in October, 2021. During the field experiment, a total of 105 conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) stations, as well as a zonal acoustic survey line through the center of the warm eddy, were obtained. The vertical structures of temperature and salinity indicate that the warm eddy is surface-intensified with temperature and salinity cores confined within depths from 70 m to 200 m and 10 m to 70 m, respectively. The acoustic observation shows two obvious convergency zones (CZs) at about 39 km and 92 km in the eastern half acoustic line, and one convergency zones (CZ) at about 25 km in the western half acoustic line. By comparing with the none eddy circumstance, the respective impacts of the topography and warm eddy are quantitatively analyzed with a ray-tracing model. The results indicate that the topography shortens the horizontal span of the CZ by 11.4 km, while the warm eddy lengthens it by 1.7 km. Additionally, the warm eddy shallows the depth and broadens the width of the CZ by 32 m and 1.4 km, respectively. The anisotropy of 3D sound fields jointly influenced by the warm eddy and the local topography show that the distance differences of the first CZs in different horizontal directions can be as long as 31 km.
Pulmonary EV miRNA profiles identify disease and distinct inflammatory endotypes in COPD
Authors: Burke Hannah , Cellura Doriana , Freeman Anna , Hicks Alex , Ostridge Kris , Watson Alastair , Williams Nicholas P. , Spalluto C. Mirella , Staples Karl J. , Wilkinson Tom M. A. 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous condition without effective disease modifying therapies. Identification of novel inflammatory endotype markers such as extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are important intercellular messengers carrying microRNA (miRNA), may enable earlier diagnosis and disease stratification for a targeted treatment approach. Our aim was to identify differentially expressed EV miRNA in the lungs of COPD patients compared with healthy ex-smokers and determine whether they can help define inflammatory COPD endotypes.MethodsEV miRNA were isolated and sequenced from ex-smoking COPD patients and healthy ex-smoker bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Results were validated with RT-qPCR and compared to differential inflammatory cell counts.ResultsExpression analysis identified five upregulated miRNA in COPD (miR-223-3p, miR-2110, miR-182-5p, miR-200b-5p and miR-625-3p) and three downregulated miRNA (miR-138-5p, miR-338-3p and miR-204-5p), all with a log2 fold change of &gt;1/−1, FDR &lt; 0.05. These miRNAs correlated with disease defining characteristics such as FEF 25–75% (a small airways disease measure) and DLCO% (a surrogate measure of emphysema). Receiver operator curve analysis demonstrated miR-2110, miR-223-3p, and miR-182-5p showed excellent combinatory predictive ability (AUC 0.91, p &lt; 0.0001) in differentiating between health and mild COPD. Furthermore, miR-223-3p and miR-338-3p correlated with airway eosinophilia and were able to distinguish “pure eosinophilic” COPD from other airway inflammatory subtypes (AUC 0.94 and 0.85, respectively).DiscussionThis is the first study to identify differentially expressed miRNA in COPD bronchoalveolar lavage fluid EVs. These findings suggest specific lung derived EV miRNA are a strong predictor of disease presence even in mild COPD. Furthermore, specific miRNA correlated with inflammatory cell numbers in COPD, and may have a role in defining inflammatory endotypes for future treatment stratification.