bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Zika virus‐like particle development using Baculovirus spp. constructs
Authors: Malogolovkin Alexander , Davies Andrew , Abouelhadid Sherif , Kerviel Adeline , Roy Polly , Falconar Andrew K. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractZika virus (ZIKV) is one of several examples of an unprecedented pandemic spread and against which there is currently no suitable vaccine or treatment. Here, we constructed and characterized recombinant baculovirus‐derived ZIKV‐like particles (Zika VLPs) to study ZIKV‐antibody interactions. These VLPs, uniquely consisted of the full‐length ZIKV capsid (C), pre‐membrane (prM), and envelope (E) proteins with either: a) the viral nonstructural NS2B and NS3 protease unit under one or two different promoters or b) an alternative host‐cell furin protease encoding cleavage sequence inserted between the C and prM genes, together with lobster tropomyosin leader and honeybee signal sequences with one promoter for increased extracellular secretion. All these Zika VLPs displayed typical virion morphology in transmission electron microscopic analysis when expressed in both insect (Sf9) and mammalian (HEK293T) cells and no uncleaved prM glycoprotein was detected, as are present on immature virions. The importance of glycosylation of the E glycoprotein was shown by the effects on both polyclonal and monoclonal antibody reactions after these N‐linked carbohydrate residues were disrupted by oxidation or enzymatic cleavage. Importantly, the construct which contained the host‐cell furin protease cleavage sequence together with a lobster tropomyosin leader and honeybee signal sequences under one promoter produced higher Zika VLP titers and protein concentrations and which can now be tested as a superior construct in multifunctional diagnostic (ELISA and neutralization/antibody‐dependent enhancement) assays and immunogenic assessments possibly leading to vaccine trials.
Comparative proteomic analysis reveals novel insights into the continuous cropping induced response inScrophularia ningpoensis
Authors: Sun Jiachen , Li Xuejiao , Qu Zhuo , Wang Huairui , Cheng Yao , Dong Shengjie , Zhao Hui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDScrophularia ningpoensisis a well‐known medicinal crop. Continuous cropping seriously affects the yield and quality, but little is known about the influence of continuous cropping on metabolic pathways. In this study, the difference in protein abundance between continuous cropping and non‐continuous cropping ofS. ningpoensisroots was studied by proteomics, and the molecular mechanism that protectsS. ningpoensisagainst continuous cropping was explored.RESULTSThe results suggested that continuous cropping inS, ningpoensisaltered the expression of proteins related to starch and sucrose metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway, citric acid cycle, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, monoterpenoid biosynthesis, sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis, and steroid biosynthesis. Among these processes, the most affected were phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and starch and sucrose metabolism, which may be important for continuous cropping resistance.CONCLUSIONThe effect of continuous cropping onS. ningpoensiswas demonstrated at the proteome level in this work, and identified candidate proteins that may cause continuous cropping reactions. The paper provides the theoretical foundation and scientific reference for enhancing the continuous cropping resistance ofS. ningpoensis. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Olfactory training assists in olfactory recovery after sinonasal surgery
Authors: Park Joon Yong , Choi Bo Yoon , Kim Hansol , Jung Taesik , Kim Jin Kook 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesOlfactory dysfunction is a common complaint in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of olfactory training (OT) in patients with CRS after sinonasal surgery.MethodsWe enrolled 111 patients with CRS who underwent sinonasal surgery. Prior to surgery and 3 months after starting OT, the participants were assessed by both an olfactory function test and endoscopy. The Korean version of the Sniffin' Stick II (KVSS‐II) was used to perform the olfactory function test. Over the course of 3 months, five odorants were used in OT (rose, lemon, cinnamon, orange, and peach).ResultsOver a 12‐week duration, 37% of the participants in the OT group showed clinically relevant increase in olfactory function. The OT group had significantly higher olfactory outcomes for the total KVSS‐II and identification scores than the non‐OT group between the initial and follow‐up assessments. The initial score influenced the degree of olfactory improvement after OT.ConclusionsPatients with OT exhibited significantly higher total KVSS‐II scores compared with non‐OT patients following sinonasal surgery; in particular, the odor identification score was different between the two groups. The results of this study demonstrated that a 12‐week period of repeated short‐term exposure to various odors could be useful in enhancing olfactory activity in patients who underwent sinonasal surgery for the improvement of sensory‐neural olfactory impairment.Level of evidence2c.
Flow and slip process of Santotrac 50‐based lubricant under high shear by molecular dynamic simulation
Authors: Zhao Xin , Wei Chao , Yin Zhenxin , Ma Wenjie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe investigate flow and slip behaviour of Santotrac 50 molecules under high shear in Couette cell by means of Molecular Dynamic simulation to understand reduced friction force. Molecular chain stretches and oriented to shear direction, and move. Slip starts on metal surface at 2 × 108 s−1, and increases with shear rate. Slip length keeps scale at nanometre. Molecular conformation and occurrence of slip both indicate a reduced shear stress. Furthermore, when changing wettability, slip length increases in power law and thus decreases shear stress greatly. Occurrence of low‐density region near surface can explain slip. And thus, we extended apparent slip model, which divided lubricant into liquid layers with different viscosities, to elucidate the relationship between molecule distribution inner layer and slip on surface influenced by shear velocity and wettability. Above all, our research sheds light on flow and slip behaviour of complex fluid and can be applied in improving lubrication property.
Kinetics study of cold rolling lubricant degradation through advanced instrumental techniques
Authors: Chakraborty Subho , Giri Suvendu Sekhar , Pandit Ashwin , Bhagat Amarnath , Jha Ajay Kumar 
Published: October 2022

AbstractResearch was focused on understanding the degradation kinetics of cold rolling oil used in the rolling mill at Tata Steel. Aged rolling oil leads to various surface defects. Ageing phenomenon is influenced through thermo‐mechanical behaviour, oxidation, hydrolysis and presence of iron fines. Ageing of cold rolling oil in presence of iron fines was systematically performed at various temperature followed by thermo‐mechanical wear tests. With variation in intensity of ageing, change in physico‐chemical parameters and fatty acid distribution (FAD) within triglycerides could be observed. The impact of the controlled ageing on performance parameters like lubrication, evaporation kinetics and oxidative stability were also studied. Thermo‐oxidative ageing depletes antioxidant concentration within the rolling oil resulting in rapid oxidation of unsaturated fats. This leads to rapid build‐up of high molecular weight ingredients resulting in formation of fatty acid soaps or scum. The resultant scum negatively impacts the boundary lubrication and evaporation kinetics of rolling oil.
Non–limit‐circle and limit‐point criteria for symplectic and linear Hamiltonian systems
Authors: Zemánek Petr 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSeveral necessary and/or sufficient conditions for the existence of a non–square‐integrable solution of symplectic dynamic systems with general linear dependence on the spectral parameter on time scales are established and a sufficient condition for the limit‐point case is derived. Almost all presented results are new even in the continuous and discrete cases, that is, for the linear Hamiltonian differential systems and for the discrete symplectic systems, respectively.
How has the Internet fostered the greening of enterprises in China? The moderating role of governmental transparency
Authors: Zhu Rongcheng , Li Qian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe greening of enterprises concerning society is a matter of sustainable development of the economy. At the same time, the Internet brings technology diffusion and information transfer, which affects the greening of enterprises. Therefore, we empirically examine the impact of the Internet on greening from the perspective of green innovation and environmental violations based on the data of listed firms in China between 2010 and 2019. This paper found that the Internet effectively promotes green innovation and inhibits environmental violation, and governmental transparency positively moderates the relationship between the Internet and greening. We also conducted a series of robustness tests like a quasi‐natural experiment based on Broadband China and tested the impact of digital transformation on greening for further study. Our findings enrich the literature by showing how a macro‐level technological infrastructure such as the Internet can impact the micro‐level behaviors of a firm.
Is nerve coaptation associated with improved sensation after microvascular breast reconstruction? A systematic review
Authors: Chou Jesse , Hyland Colby J. , Kaufman Goldberg Tal , Broyles Justin M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundSensation after autologous breast reconstruction is an increasingly important outcome. Several studies demonstrated improved sensation with flap neurotization but utilized heterogenous measures and follow‐up intervals. This review evaluates sensory outcomes after neurotization using uniform, objective outcome measurements.MethodsPubMed/Medline and Embase databases were queried for articles published between January 1990 and January 2022. Inclusion criteria included studies with free flap tissue transfer breast reconstruction patients and use of Semmes‐Weinstein Monofilaments (SWM) to quantify return of sensation after either neurotization or no neurotization. Reviews, case reports, and studies utilizing implants or pedicled flaps were excluded.ResultsOverall, 513 articles were screened. Eleven articles met inclusion criteria for a total of 474 patients. There were 254 non‐neurotized patients included as controls (Group A) and 220 neurotized patients (Group B). Mean follow‐up time was similar in both groups (22.06 months vs. 22.78 months, p > 0.05). There was no significant difference in age (Group A = 49.97 years vs. Group B = 42.47 years) or BMI (Group A = 25.48 vs. Group B = 25.97) between groups. More patients in group B received radiation therapy (Group B = 32.72% vs. Group A = 20.86%, p > 0.05). Patients that received neurotization had lower mean pressure thresholds (Group A = 38.85 gm/mm2 vs. Group B = 6.69 gm/mm2, p = 0.053) than comorbidity‐matched controls.ConclusionNeurotization has been shown to be a safe and feasible option for enhancing return of sensation after breast reconstruction. Future studies with standardized, long‐term follow‐up will further elucidate the pattern of breast sensation return and the impact of neurotization.
Density Dependence in Three Snake River Sockeye Salmon Nursery Lakes in Central Idaho
Authors: Griswold Robert G. , Kohler Andre E. , Tardy Kurt A. , Griswold Kitty E. , Taki Doug 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Snake River Sockeye Salmon Oncorhynchus nerka, listed as an endangered species in 1991, currently inhabit three nursery lakes (Redfish, Pettit, and Alturas lakes) in the Sawtooth Valley, Idaho. Conspecific kokanee (lacustrine Sockeye Salmon) are also present in the lakes. Snake River Sockeye Salmon recovery efforts, initially focused on genetic conservation, are now attempting to rebuild naturally spawning populations using hatchery supplementation. However, in Sockeye Salmon nursery lakes, density dependence is frequently observed when elevated O. nerka abundance leads to declines in zooplankton biomass, body size, and shifts in community composition. In turn, these changes lead to reductions in juvenile O. nerka growth rates, survival, and adult returns. We examined a long-term data set of O. nerka population metrics and associated zooplankton community metrics. We found evidence of density dependence within and among nursery lakes. We detected differences in zooplankton biomass, lengths of preferred zooplankton prey (Daphnia spp. and cyclopoid copepods), parr growth rates, and age-1 smolt size among the three lakes. We found negative relationships between O. nerka density and zooplankton biomass and size. We identified positive relationships between zooplankton biomass and two response variables: smolt size at migration and growth rates of hatchery parr. The relationships were generally similar among lakes. Variable outcomes were a result of differences in O. nerka density (or zooplankton biomass), controlled primarily by the relative proportion of spawning and rearing habitat in each lake. Understanding unique lake habitats, ecological interactions, and the role of density dependence is germane to management of Snake River Sockeye Salmon populations.
The maternal employment status after the completion of their child's cancer treatment: A cross‐sectional exploratory study
Authors: Okada Hiromi , Maru Mitsue , Maeda Rumi , Iwasaki Fuminori , Nagasawa Masayuki , Takahashi Miyako 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimTo clarify the details of mothers' employment status after the completion of their child's cancer treatment.DesignA cross‐sectional exploratory study.MethodsData are collected from 62 mothers of childhood cancer survivors using self‐report questionnaires. Fisher's exact test was used to determine the statistical significance of factors between the mothers who worked and those who did not work after their child's cancer treatment had been completed.ResultsThirty‐two mothers worked after the completion of their child's cancer treatment. There were significant differences in age, education level, employment status at the diagnosis and time elapsed since the diagnosis between the working mothers and non‐working mothers. Twenty‐two non‐working mothers reported that they had some motivation to work, but the most common reason for not working was “To nurse or care for the child with cancer”. Some mothers also stated that they did not work due to anxiety about cancer recurrence.
Fabrication of three‐dimensional porous superhydrophobic composites for immiscible and emulsified oil/water mixture separation
Authors: Zhao Chunxia , Huang Haoran , Deng Shiqin , Li Jiaxin , Li Yuntao , Li Hui , Wu Yuanpeng , Wang Ge , Qin Mingwang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDue to ever‐increasing environmental problems caused by oily wastewater, it is necessary to develop methods for separating oil/water mixtures. However, oil‐in‐water and water‐in‐oil emulsions are highly stable due to the action of surfactants, making them enormously difficult to separate. In this study, we report a 3D superhydrophobic/superoleophilic porous material with a microporous structure and strong negative charge via high internal phase emulsion polymerization to overcome these difficulties. The introduction of 10 wt% α‐zirconium phosphate significantly improved the hydrophobicity of the material (water contact angle = 153°) and also endowed the material with a strong negative charge. The material could separate immiscible oil/water mixtures under turbulent condition and high‐ or low‐temperature environments. Driven by gravity, the as‐prepared monolith separated various oil/water mixtures with the separation efficiency exceeding 99.16%. Benefiting from the diametrically‐opposing wettability and interconnected micropore structure, the foam could separate a Span 80‐stabilized water‐in‐oil emulsion. Furthermore, a cationic surfactant‐stabilized oil‐in‐water emulsion was also separated due to strong electrostatic interactions, which destabilized the oil/water interfacial film. Based on these properties, the as‐prepared porous material shows huge potential for complex oily wastewater treatment.
Reinforcing styrene‐butadiene rubber by silica/carbon black by‐product composite through an in‐situ polymerization process
Authors: Xu Lihua , Huang Zheng , Zhang Xing , Cheng Dejun , Chen Xiaochao , Du Huaiming , Huang Bin , Fan Hua‐Jun Shawn 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAcetylene (C2H2) production generates a large amount of carbon black by‐product (CBP). It increases production costs and environmental concerns. However, the poor surface structure of this carbon black by‐product limits its application. This paper prepared SiO2/CBP composite materials through in‐situ polymerization to be used for styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR) reinforcement. The results of FTIR, water contact Angle, and thermogravimetric analysis showed that the CBP was successfully coated by silica and demonstrated a regular shape, higher oil absorption value, larger specific surface area, and enhanced hydrophilicity. Furthermore, compared with CBP‐filled SBR, the SiO2/CBP composite‐filled SBR revealed an 18% improvement in Shore A hardness, 103% enhancement in the tensile strength, 23% increase of the elongation at break, and the tensile modulus of 300‐percentile and 500‐percentile increased by 9% and 8%, respectively. The development of this composite material could expand the scope of CBP resource utilization and leads to the design of a new development of greener and more sustainable application of CBP.
Effect of static mixer on optical properties of plastic injection molded parts
Authors: Shotwell Demitri , Gim Jinsu , Yang Huaguang , Glas Stefanie , Chen Edward , Turng Lih‐Sheng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe effect of an in‐mold static mixer on the optical properties of polystyrene (PS) parts was explored within the injection molding process. Several mixers were assessed via simulation and molding trials to identify the mixing ability and effect on optical properties including retardation and birefringence. It was found that the static mixers within the runner could successfully mix the polymer and disrupt property distributions including temperature but that there was only a slight improvement in retardation with some of the mixer cases. The experiments and simulations showed relatively good correlation in results although there were slight differences in the trends that could be due to the experimental measurement resolution or unaccounted‐for variables between the experiments and simulations. The retardation was experimentally measured using a custom‐made polariscope using photography and image processing. These experiments indicated that the use of a static mixer within the runner system of a mold could be used for homogenizing the polymer melt after the plasticizing unit. However, its effect on improving the optical performance of injection molded parts could be offset by the melt flow downstream of the static mixer and the potential increase of residual stresses due to flow restriction, suggesting the importance of mixer location and geometry.
Effects of GLP‐1 receptor agonists on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kelly Michael , Lewis Jelena , Rao Hindu , Carter Jessica , Portillo Ivan , Beuttler Richard 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimTo evaluate the cardiovascular outcomes of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP1‐RA) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD).Materials and MethodsWe searched PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases for randomized controlled trials reporting event rates for a composite cardiovascular outcome of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in patients with T2DM and CKD receiving GLP1‐RA or placebo. Studies were restricted to those reporting specific event rates for patients with CKD separately from the overall population. We conducted a meta‐analysis using a random‐effects model. This meta‐analysis was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022320157).ResultsA total of four studies comprising 7130 patients was included in our analysis. Four different GLP1‐RA were assessed in a population with CKD defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Treatment with GLP1‐RA was not associated with a significant reduction in the composite cardiovascular end point of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and nonfatal stroke (odds ratio (OR) 0.80; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.59–1.07; p = 0.13) among patients with T2DM and CKD. Individual components of the composite cardiovascular end point were assessed in two trials and did not show evidence of an effect of GLP1‐RA in reducing cardiovascular end points.ConclusionsPooled analysis of clinical trials reporting separate cardiovascular events rates in patients with T2DM and CKD did not find GLP1‐RA to be associated with a reduction in composite cardiovascular event rates. Select GLP1‐RA may offer cardiovascular event reduction in patients with T2DM and CKD, but this does not appear to be a class effect. Use of GLP1‐RA with demonstrated cardiovascular benefits should be preferred in patients with CKD and T2DM to further reduce cardiovascular risk.
Impact of concomitant fluconazole on direct oral anticoagulant bleeding risk
Authors: Cid Allison , Smetana Megan E. , Hebert Courtney , Coe Kelci , Smith Jessica M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractStudy ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect on bleeding risk when fluconazole is administered concomitantly with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs).DesignThis was a retrospective cohort study including hospitalized adult patients prescribed a DOAC with or without fluconazole.SettingThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, a tertiary care academic medical center with more than 1800 beds.PatientsHospitalized patients ages 18–89 years who received apixaban or rivaroxaban with or without fluconazole from October 1, 2016, to September 30, 2021, were included. The minimum duration of DOAC or DOAC with fluconazole therapy was 48 h. Patients were excluded if they received fluconazole <400 mg daily or a DOAC at doses outside those recommended for atrial fibrillation or venous thromboembolism treatment or prophylaxis. Patients were matched based on DOAC received.InterventionPatients who received a DOAC with fluconazole were compared with those receiving a DOAC alone. The primary outcome was a composite of major, clinically relevant nonmajor, and minor bleeding events at 30 days.Measurements and Main ResultsThere were 216 patients included, 108 in the DOAC with fluconazole group and 108 in the DOAC alone group. More patients in the DOAC with fluconazole group experienced bleeding at 30 days compared with the DOAC alone group [35/108 (32%) vs. 21/108 (19%), respectively; p = 0.03]; however, after adjusting for proven confounding variables (hemoglobin and concomitant carvedilol) this was found not to be statistically significant [adjusted odds ratio 1.71, 95% confidence interval 0.85–3.40].ConclusionsPatients receiving a DOAC with fluconazole were not at significantly increased risk for bleeding at 30 days compared with those receiving a DOAC alone after controlling for confounding variables. As an increasing number of patients are prescribed DOACs, the results of this study may inform clinical decision‐making on the safety of concomitant DOAC and fluconazole use.