bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal dynamics of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 and 3 deletions in Peru
Authors: Valdivia Hugo O. , Anderson Karen , Smith David , Pasay Cielo , Salas Carola J. , Braga Greys , Lucas Carmen M. , Lizewski Stephen E. , Joya Christie A. , Kooken Jennifer M. , Sanchez Juan F. , Cheng Qin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPeru was the first country where pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 gene deletions were detected despite the fact that rapid diagnostics tests are not commonly used for confirmatory malaria diagnosis. This context provides a unique scenario to study the dynamics of pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 gene deletions without apparent RDTs selection pressure. In this study we characterized the presence of pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 genes on 325 P. falciparum samples collected in Iquitos and surrounding communities between 2011 and 2018 in order to understand the dynamics of gene deletion prevalence, potential associations with clinical symptomatology and parasite genetic background. P. falciparum presence was confirmed by microscopy and PCR of 18 s rRNA, pfmsp1 and pfmsp2. Gene deletions were assessed by amplification of exon1 and exon2 of pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 using gene specific PCRs. Confirmation of absence of HRP2 expression was assessed by ELISA of HRP2 and pLDH. Genotyping of 254 samples were performed using a panel of seven neutral microsatellite markers. Overall, pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 dual gene deletions were detected in 67% (217/324) parasite samples. Concordance between pfhrp2 deletion and negligible HRP2 protein levels was observed (Cohen's Kappa = 0.842). Prevalence of gene deletions was heterogeneous across study sites (adjusted p < 0.005) but there is an overall tendency towards increase through time in the prevalence of dual pfhrp2/3-deleted parasites between 2011 (14.3%) and 2016 (88.39%) stabilizing around 65% in 2018. Dual deletions increase was associated with dominance of a single new parasite haplotype (H8) which rapidly spread to all study sites during the 8 study years. Interestingly, participants infected with dual pfhrp2/3-deleted parasites had a significantly lower parasitemias than those without gene deletions in this cohort. Our study showed the increase of pfhrp2/3 deletions in the absence of RDTs pressure and a clonal replacement of circulating lines in the Peruvian Amazon basin. These results suggest that other factors linked to the pfhrp2/3 deletion provide a selective advantage over non-deleted strains and highlight the need for additional studies and continuing surveillance.
Laboratory dielectric measurements to evaluate the conductivity change in the presence of chelating agent with different brines
Authors: Alarifi Sulaiman A. , Mahmoud Mohamed 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the oil and gas reservoirs, the interaction between the injected fluids and the reservoir fluids and rocks plays a major role in the productivity of any oil and gas field. Studying the ion exchange between reservoir fluids and the injected fluids for water flooding or chemical enhanced oil recovery purposes would help in optimizing the oil displacement process and hence the productivity form such secondary or tertiary recovery mechanisms. Chelating agents are used for enhance oil recovery to improve the oil displacement and sweep efficiency by altering the reservoir rock’s surface. When it comes to fluid-rock interaction, conductivity and ionic activity of the injected water will have a great impact on the rock’s surface charge and therefore in the reservoir’s wettability. Dielectric laboratory measurements have the ability to observe the change in conductivity at high frequency due to the presence of free ions and salts in fluids. In this work, observing the effect of chelating agent with different salts on high frequency conductivity using laboratory dielectric measurements has been conducted. Introducing laboratory dielectric measurement could be a valuable tool in the lab as an evaluation technique into the ion exchange that occurs between different fluids from the reservoir with different brines and additives to study the fluid–fluid interaction activities. It can be also utilized to investigate the maximum chelating capacity of different chelating agents with different cations which can be reflected by the change in conductivity.
Radiation dose estimation with time-since-exposure uncertainty using the $$\gamma $$-H2AX biomarker
Authors: Młynarczyk Dorota , Puig Pedro , Armero Carmen , Gómez-Rubio Virgilio , Barquinero Joan F. , Pujol-Canadell Mònica 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo predict the health effects of accidental or therapeutic radiation exposure, one must estimate the radiation dose that person received. A well-known ionising radiation biomarker, phosphorylated $$\gamma $$
γ
-H2AX protein, is used to evaluate cell damage and is thus suitable for the dose estimation process. In this paper, we present new Bayesian methods that, in contrast to approaches where estimation is carried out at predetermined post-irradiation times, allow for uncertainty regarding the time since radiation exposure and, as a result, produce more precise results. We also use the Laplace approximation method, which drastically cuts down on the time needed to get results. Real data are used to illustrate the methods, and analyses indicate that the models might be a practical choice for the $$\gamma $$
γ
-H2AX biomarker dose estimation process.
Effects of mixed carriers on diatomite supported nano-TiO2
Authors: Jin Hailan , Chen Honglei , Qian Xueren , Jin Wanqi , Du Xinyue , Jin Can , Li Haojun , Li Hao , Zhu Yumo , Chao Junhyung 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study, calcium carbonate, sepiolite, and commonly used diatomite (DE) carriers were mixed to prepare calcium carbonate or sepiolite mixed DE/nano-titanium dioxide (TiO2). The analyses of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope confirmed that the particle size of nano-TiO2 was about 20–24 nm in DE/nano-TiO2, and the particles were relatively uniform. When (calcium carbonate and sepiolite + DE)/nano-TiO2 was used, the Ti content in the composite remained unchanged, while the particle size of nano-TiO2 increased to a certain extent. Among them, the use of (calcium carbonate + DE)/nano-TiO2 increased the Ti content in the composite material significantly. Therefore, the findings demonstrated the feasibility of nano-TiO2 supported by the mixed carrier.
Extending the LQR to the design of PID type‐ii and type‐iii control loops
Authors: Liu Chao , Duan QianWen , Zhang Chao , Luo Yong , Qiu XiaoXia , Xia WenQiang , Li Hong , Mao Yao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper concerns the improvement on Proportional‐Integration‐Derivative (PID) control for standard second‐order plus time‐delay systems (SOPTD). To achieve higher tracking precision and stronger disturbance rejection, a PID type‐ii and type‐iii control‐loops design method based on the combination of the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) and dominant pole configuration technology is proposed in this paper. The PID type‐ii control loop is capable of achieving perfect tracking of step and ramp reference signals with zero steady‐state position and velocity error. The PID type‐iii control loop is capable of achieving perfect tracking of step, ramp and parabolic reference signals with zero steady‐state position, velocity and acceleration error. The effectiveness of the proposed PID type‐ii and type‐iii controller parameters tuning rules has been demonstrated via simulation of over‐damped, critical‐damped and under‐damped systems. To be specific, compared with the PID type‐i control loop, rise time, settling time and disturbance rejection property of the system have been significantly improved while realizing faster reference signal tracking. Finally, the effects of non‐dominant pole on the stability and robustness of PID type‐ii and PID type‐iii closed loop systems have also been discussed.
A novel adaptive δ‐generalised labelled multi‐Bernoulli filter for multi‐target tracking with heavy‐tailed noise
Authors: Gu Peng , Jing Zhongliang , Wu Liangbin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractConventional δ‐generalised labelled multi‐Bernoulli filter (δ‐GLMB) cannot deal with the problem of the heavy‐tailed process noise and measurement noise. In order to solve this problem, an adaptive δ‐GLMB approach based on minimising Kullback‐Leibler Divergence (KLD) is proposed in this study. The inverse wishart and Student‐t mixture is used to approximate the joint posterior distribution of process noise covariance and measurement noise covariance together with multi‐target state, and the multi‐target state and noise parameters are jointly estimated by minimising the KLD. The simulation results show that the proposed approach is robust to multi‐target tracking for condition with heavy‐tailed process noise covariance and measurement noise covariance. Accurate target number and target state estimation are obtained by effectively estimating the process noise covariance and measurement noise covariance.
Emphyseme nach Cochlea-Implantation – Risikofaktoren und Therapieoptionen
Authors: Riepl Ricarda , Wigand Marlene Corinna Cosima , Halbig Anna-Sophia , Werz Julia , Emmanuel Benjamin , Stupp Franziska , Hoffmann Thomas Karl , Goldberg-Bockhorn Eva 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Im Rahmen der Cochlea-Implantation (CI) zählen Serom-
und Hämatombildung, Wundinfektion oder Schwindel zu den seltenen, aber typischen
postoperativen Komplikationen. Emphyseme werden dagegen selten beobachtet. Sie können sowohl
in der postoperativen Heilungsphase als auch Jahre später auftreten. Ein Therapiealgorithmus
existiert bisher nicht.
Methodik Wir berichten von 3 Patient*innen mit subkutanem
Emphysem im Bereich des Signalprozessors aus dem eigenen Patientenkollektiv. In einem
unsystematischen Review werden anschließend alle Studien mit Beschreibungen von Emphysemen
nach CI hinsichtlich möglicher Risikofaktoren und therapeutischer Optionen untersucht.
Ergebnisse Bei den vorgestellten Patient*innen entwickelte sich
2–11 Monate postoperativ ein subkutanes Emphysem nach heftigem Schnäuzen bzw. im Rahmen einer
cPAP-Therapie. In der Literatur finden sich weitere 35 Fälle von Emphysemen nach CI.
Luftinsufflation über die Tube ist die häufigste Ursache. Erkrankungen der Nase und
Nasennebenhöhlen, Tubenfunktionsstörungen und obstruktives Schlafapnoesyndrom sind potenzielle
Risikofaktoren. Druckverband, Punktion und Paukendrainage gelten als gängige
Behandlungsmethoden. In therapieresistenten Fällen oder bei ausgedehnten Emphysemen kann eine
operative Revision sinnvoll sein.
Schlussfolgerung Die meisten Emphysembildungen sind durch
konservative Maßnahmen beherrschbar. Punktionen sollten wegen möglicher Infektionen vermieden
werden. Der prophylaktische Einsatz von Antibiotika scheint entbehrlich. Die operative
Revision sollte bei Pneumozephalus mit Verdacht auf Leckage im Bereich der Dura erwogen
werden. Die Abdeckung der Mastoidektomie mit einem Knochendeckel kann bei Risikokonstellation
eine sinnvolle Maßnahme zur Prophylaxe postoperativer Emphyseme darstellen.
Telemedizin in der HNO-Heilkunde – wirklich ein Allheilmittel?
Authors: Hoffmann Thomas Karl , Böhm Felix , Sommer Fabian , Sommer Peter , Wienke Albrecht , Deitmer Thomas 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Digitalisierung im Gesundheitswesen hat in den letzten Jahren und insbesondere auch durch die COVID-19-Pandemie erheblich an Bedeutung gewonnen. Die Pandemie hat unbestritten die menschlichen Interaktionen stark eingeschränkt. Im Hinblick auf das Infektionsrisiko und auch in Anbetracht der sinkenden Zahl an ärztlichen Konsultationen durch Patienten aufgrund der Angst vor einer Infektion musste die Ärzteschaft neue Plattformen für Arzt-Patienten-Interaktion und -Kommunikation suchen und erreichte diese Ziele vorwiegend durch eine beschleunigte Entwicklung der Digitalisierungsprozesse und der Telemedizin. In der HNO-Heilkunde ist mit dem Begriff der Telemedizin in der Regel eine Videosprechstunde (VS) bzw. Telekonsultation gemeint. Prinzipiell gehören HNO-Ärzte zu der Facharztgruppe, die Videosprechstunden durchführen und abrechnen dürfen. Der Datenschutz und juristische Aspekte stellen die größten Herausforderungen für das Angebot telemedizinischer Leistungen dar. Unter ethischen Gesichtspunkten muss vor jeder telemedizinischen Beratung auch zwingend eine Aufklärung über Risiken und Nachteile dieses Verfahrens erfolgen, wobei die Haftungsgrundlage hier grundsätzlich ebenfalls geklärt werden muss. Die Telemedizin wird sich auch in Anbetracht der Evidenz behaupten müssen. So sollten zumindest von universitärer Seite bei dem Angebot neuer telemedizinischer Verfahren begleitende Studien initiiert werden, um entsprechende Vor- und Nachteile wissenschaftlich gestützt zu evaluieren. Berufspolitisch sollte stets darauf geachtet werden, dass Telemedizin nur von Akteuren im Gesundheitswesen angeboten wird, welche auch eine persönliche Behandlung des telemedizinisch beurteilten Patienten erbringen können.
Practical Synthetic Method for Ogipeptin Derivatives
Authors: Takiguchi Shingo , Nishi Takahide 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn synthesizing novel derivatives of the natural cyclic peptides the ogipeptins, we established a simple and practical solid-phase peptide synthesis and macrocyclization method. By using this method, it became possible to obtain skeleton-modified ogipeptin derivatives with dehydroxylation of the β-hydroxy-α,γ-diaminobutyric acid, replacement of the (Z)-dehydrobutyrine residue, or replacement of the arginine residue.
Gravitational scattering of spinning neutrinos by a rotating black hole with a slim magnetized accretion disk
Authors: Dvornikov Maxim 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe study neutrinos gravitationally scattered off a rotating supermassive black hole which is surrounded by a thin accretion disk with a realistic magnetic field. Neutrinos are supposed to be Dirac particles having a nonzero magnetic moment. Neutrinos move along arbitrary trajectories, with the incoming flux being parallel to the equatorial plane. We exactly account for the influence of both gravity and the magnetic field on the neutrino motion and its spin evolution. The general statement that the helicity of an ultrarelativistic neutrino is constant in the particle scattering in an arbitrary gravitational field is proven within the quasiclassical approach. We find the measurable fluxes of outgoing neutrinos taking into account the neutrino spin precession in the external field in curved spacetime. These fluxes turn out to be significantly suppressed for some parameters of the system. Finally, we discuss the possibility to observe the predicted phenomena for core-collapsing supernova neutrinos in our Galaxy.
Demonstration experiment for the initial stage of introducing the displacement current concept
Authors: Mayer V V , Varaksina E I 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A simple demonstration installation is proposed, containing a plate air-dielectric capacitor, an alternating voltage generator, and three identical neon lamps. Two lamps are inserted in the breaks of the wires connecting the capacitor to the generator. The third lamp is located between the capacitor plates. The gas in all three lamps glows, when the AC voltage is applied to the capacitor. This shows that in the experiment, there is a normal conduction current through the lamps. Around this electric current, as it is well known to students, there is a magnetic field. When removing the neon lamp from the capacitor, they observe that the glow of the lamps in the wires does not change. This means that a small neon lamp practically does not affect the field in the capacitor. Therefore, it is natural to think that the time-varying electric field in the capacitor produces a vortex magnetic field, as well as the conduction current flowing through the lamp. So a time-varying electric field can be considered an electric current. Maxwell called it the displacement current to distinguish it from the real conduction current. The displacement current closes an electrical circuit that is broken by a capacitor for direct current. It is advisable to use the demonstration described in the article when introducing the concept of displacement current in the Bachelor’s general physics course.
Low-frequency compensation of piezoelectric force sensors for servo systems
Authors: Lu Yu-Sheng , Lyu Yan-Jin , Jeng Je-Wei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a force/disturbance observer that compensates for the low-frequency response of a piezoelectric force sensor. Although the piezoelectric force sensor has many salient features, it is unable to measure dc and quasi-dc forces. The proposed observer compensates for this low-frequency deficiency, enabling the piezoelectric force sensor to be used in a servo system. Compared with previous studies, the proposed scheme requires redesigning neither the sensor structure nor sensing circuitry and can be easily integrated into an existing measurement system. As a by-product, the proposed observer also produces a disturbance estimate that can be used to enhance the robustness of a servo system. This paper reports experimental results of force control and position control for a linear motion platform equipped with a piezoelectric force sensor and a strain gauge-based load cell. The force control results indicate that the control system using the proposed observer can achieve a wider bandwidth than that using the load cell as a feedback-sensing device. In a comparative study, the position control results further demonstrate the proposed observer’s effectiveness in diminishing the piezoelectric sensor’s low-frequency deficiency. Moreover, the disturbance estimate produced by the proposed observer is experimentally introduced to the position control system, showing an enhanced tracking performance in terms of the root-mean-square error.
Engineering of dense arrays of Vertical Si1-x
Ge
x
nanostructures
Authors: Müller J , Lecestre A , Demoulin R , Cristiano F , Hartmann J-M , Larrieu G 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Vertical nanostructure technologies are becoming more important for the down scaling of nanoelectronic devices such as logic transistors or memories. Such devices require dense vertical nanostructured channel arrays (VNCA) that can be fabricated through a top-down approach based on group IV materials. We present progresses on the top-down fabrication of highly anisotropic and ultra-dense Si1-x
Ge
x
(x = 0, 0.2, 0.5) VNCAs. Dense nanowire and nanosheet patterns were optimized through high resolution lithography and transferred onto Si1-x
Ge
x
substrates by anisotropic reactive ion etching with a fluorine chemistry. The right gas mixtures for a given Ge content resulted in perfectly vertical and dense arrays. Finally we fabricated oxide shell/SiGe core heterostructures by dry- and wet-thermal oxidation and evaluated their applicability for nanostructure size engineering, as already established for silicon nanowires. The impact of the nanostructured shape (wire or sheet), size and Ge content on the oxide growth were investigated and analysed in detail through transmission electron microscopy.
Mechanical and critical current characteristics of high-strength Bi 2
Sr 2
Ca 2
Cu 3
O
10+δ
multi-filamentary tapes reinforced with thicker Ni-alloy laminations with various pre-tensions
Authors: Okada Tatsunori , Kobayashi Daichi , Sakai Kohei , Awaji Satoshi , Kikuchi Masashi , Kato Takeshi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We investigated the stress–strain relation and the applied strain dependence of the critical current

I

c

(

ε

a
p
p

)

of high-strength Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O

10
+
δ

(Bi2223) R&D tapes reinforced by

∼
100

μ
m

thick Ni-based alloy sheets with various pre-tensions

F

p
r
e

applied during the lamination process. We confirmed that the thickening of Ni-alloy laminations is useful for enhancing Young’s modulus compared with commercial tapes (

≃
30

μ
m

thick laminations).

I

c

(

ε

a
p
p

)

decreases gradually and reversibly with applied strains

ε

a
p
p

and then degrades irreversibly with larger tensile and compressive strains. The reversible strain regime tends to shift toward the tensile side with larger

F

p
r
e

, indicating that application of large

F

p
r
e

is effective in improving the reversible tensile strain limit. The observed

I

c

(

ε

a
p
p

)

can be reproduced well by model considering

ε

a
p
p

-linear critical current density, cross-sectional strain distribution, and Weibull-type distribution of filament damage. We clarified that different irreversible

I

c

(

ε

a
p
p

)

degradations with large tensile and compressive strains can be understood by differences in the dimensions and number of cracks and ruptures (tensile strains) and bucklings (compressive strains).
Birefringence and dichroism effects in the spin noise spectra of a spin-1 system
Authors: Liu S , Neveu P , Delpy J , Hemmen L , Brion E , Wu E , Bretenaker F , Goldfarb F 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We perform spin noise spectroscopy experiments in metastable helium atoms at room temperature, with a probe light whose frequency is blue detuned from the D
0 line. Both circular birefringence fluctuations (Faraday noise) and linear birefringence fluctuations (ellipticity noise) are explored theoretically and experimentally. In particular, it is shown that in both cases but for different optical detunings, two noise resonances are isolated at the Larmor frequency and at twice the Larmor frequency with a behavior, which strongly depends on the orientation of the probe field polarization. The simple structure of metastable helium allows us to probe, model and explain the changes in the behavior of these peaks in terms of circular and linear dichroisms and birefringences as well as in terms of spin oscillation modes.
Two-dimensional hourglass Weyl nodal loop in monolayer Pb(ClO2)2 and Sr(ClO2)2
Authors: Kang Xin-Yue , Zhang Chunmei , Chen Mingxing , Li Si 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The hourglass fermions in solid-state materials have been attracting significant interest recently. However, realistic two-dimensional (2D) materials with hourglass-shaped band structures are still very scarce. Here, through the first-principles calculations, we identify the monolayer Pb(ClO2)2 and Sr(ClO2)2 materials as the new realistic materials platform to realize 2D hourglass Weyl nodal loop. We show that these monolayer materials possess an hourglass Weyl nodal loop circling around the Γ point and Weyl nodal line on the Brillouin zone (BZ) boundary in the absence of spin–orbit coupling (SOC). Through the symmetry analysis, we demonstrate that the hourglass Weyl nodal loop and Weyl nodal line are protected by the nonsymmorphic symmetries, and are robust under the biaxial strains. When we include the SOC, a tiny gap will be opened in the hourglass nodal loop and nodal line, and the nodal line can be transformed into the spin-orbit Dirac points. Our results provide a new realistic material platform for studying the intriguing physics associated with the 2D hourglass Weyl nodal loop and spin-orbit Dirac points.