bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbial community development during syngas methanation in a trickle bed reactor with various nutrient sources
Authors: Cheng George , Gabler Florian , Pizzul Leticia , Olsson Henrik , Nordberg Åke , Schnürer Anna 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMicrobial community development within an anaerobic trickle bed reactor (TBR) during methanation of syngas (56% H2, 30% CO, 14% CO2) was investigated using three different nutrient media: defined nutrient medium (241 days), diluted digestate from a thermophilic co-digestion plant operating with food waste (200 days) and reject water from dewatered digested sewage sludge at a wastewater treatment plant (220 days). Different TBR operating periods showed slightly different performance that was not clearly linked to the nutrient medium, as all proved suitable for the methanation process. During operation, maximum syngas load was 5.33 L per L packed bed volume (pbv) & day and methane (CH4) production was 1.26 L CH4/Lpbv/d. Microbial community analysis with Illumina Miseq targeting 16S rDNA revealed high relative abundance (20–40%) of several potential syngas and acetate consumers within the generaSporomusa,Spirochaetaceae,RikenellaceaeandAcetobacteriumduring the process. These were the dominant taxa except in a period with high flow rate of digestate from the food waste plant. The dominant methanogen in all periods was a member of the genusMethanobacterium, whileMethanosarcinawas also observed in the carrier community. As in reactor effluent, the dominant bacterial genus in the carrier wasSporomusa. These results show that syngas methanation in TBR can proceed well with different nutrient sources, including undefined medium of different origins. Moreover, the dominant syngas community remained the same over time even when non-sterilised digestates were used as nutrient medium.Key points•Independent of nutrient source, syngas methanation above 1 L/Lpbv/D was achieved.•Methanobacterium and Sporomusa were dominant genera throughout the process.•Acetate conversion proceededviaboth methanogenesis and syntrophic acetate oxidation.Graphical abstract
Case Control Study of Risk Factors for Occurrence of Postoperative Hematoma After Thyroid Surgery: Ten Year Analysis of 6938 Operations in a Tertiary Center in Serbia
Authors: Tausanovic Katarina , Zivaljevic Vladan , Grujicic Sandra Sipetic , Jovanovic Ksenija , Jovanovic Vesna , Paunovic Ivan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundPost‐thyroidectomy bleeding is rare, but potentially life‐threatening complication. Early recognition with immediate intervention is crucial for the management of this complication. Therefore, it is very important to identify possible risk factors of postoperative hemorrhage as well as timing of postoperative hematoma occurrence.MethodsRetrospective review of 6938 patients undergoing thyroidectomy in a tertiary center in a ten year period (2009–2019) revealed 72 patients with postoperative hemorrhage requiring reoperation. Each patient who developed postoperative hematoma was matched with four control patients that did not develop postoperative hematoma after thyroidectomy. The patients and controls were matched by the date of operation and surgeon performing thyroidectomy.ResultsThe incidence of postoperative bleeding was 1.04%. On univariate analysis older age, male sex, higher BMI, higher ASA score, preoperative use of anticoagulant therapy, thyroidectomy for retrosternal goiter, larger thyroid specimens, larger dominant nodules, longer operative time, higher postoperative blood pressure and the use of postoperative subcutaneous heparin were identified as risk factors for postoperative bleeding. Sixty‐nine patients (95.8%) bled within first 24 h after surgery.ConclusionThe rate of postoperative bleeding in our study is consistent with recent literature. Male sex, the use of preoperative anticoagulant therapy, thyroidectomy for retrosternal goiter and the use of postoperative subcutaneous heparin remained statistically significant on multivariate analysis (p < 0.001). When identified, these risk factors may be an obstacle to the outpatient thyroidectomy in our settings.
Flow structure and grain motion assessments of large river widening in a physical model using ultrasonic Doppler velocity measurements
Authors: Saugy Jean-Noël , Amini Azin , De Cesare Giovanni 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLocal river widening aims to reduce the flood risk and enable the self-morphodynamic development of the river. However, a large amount of transported sediments settles due to the flow velocity reduction in the widening. Assessing the flow and the grain motion is therefore a key factor to the sustainability of a local river widening project. The grain motion depends on the ratio between tractive forces and resisting forces, which can be evaluated through the local shear stress. The most common method to estimate shear stress in uniform flows is to determine the shear velocity based on the logarithmic distribution of velocity over depth. This involves knowing the velocity profile and in turn the flow structure. In the present study, morphodynamic tests are conducted to explore the hydrodynamics and the grain motion of a local river widening in the framework of the 3rd correction of the Rhone River, the largest flood protection project in Switzerland so far. The ultrasonic velocity profiler method is used to measure velocity profiles at two selected cross-sections. The obtained velocity profiles allow for the assessment of local shear stress on the mobile riverbed. The results show a non-uniform distribution of the flow and the shear stresses. The flow conditions at the preferential channel are more favorable to grain motion compared to those at the river’s edges.
Graphical abstract
Percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy for posterior ring apophyseal fracture accompanied with lumbar disc herniation in a 12-year pediatric diver: a case report
Authors: Wu Hui , Zheng Sikuan , He Dingwen , Cheng Xigao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Posterior ring apophysis fracture (PRAF), accompanied with lumbar disc herniation (LDH), is a rare occurrence. Owing to its rarity, there is no consensus on the treatment strategy for this condition. Differences mainly encompass the type of decompression method, the need for additional spinal fusion, the need for apophysis fragments or/and disc materials removal, and long-term efficacy, particularly, compared to LDH alone. Hence, the aim of this study was to describe a rare instance of PRAF with LDH in a 12-year-old professional diver, who was successfully treated with percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy (PEID), and to initiate a discussion involving several meaningful and related factors.
The first step into phenolic metabolism in the hornwort Anthoceros agrestis: molecular and biochemical characterization of two phenylalanine ammonia-lyase isoforms
Authors: Pezeshki Soheil , Warmbier Ina , Busch Tobias , Bauerbach Elke , Szövenyi Peter , Petersen Maike 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Main conclusion
Two isoforms of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) have been isolated as cDNA sequences from the hornwort Anthoceros agrestis. The encoded enzymes convert l-phenylalanine and to lower extents l-tyrosine and l-histidine. Thus, the functional presence of the general phenylpropanoid pathway in one of the earliest land plant groups is established.

Abstract
The hornwort Anthoceros agrestis has an elaborated phenolic metabolism resulting in phenolic compounds, such as rosmarinic acid or megacerotonic acid. The general phenylpropanoid pathway is involved in the biosynthesis of these compounds. Two phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) genes, AaPAL1 and AaPAL2, have been identified in Anthoceros agrestis and the protein with an N-terminal 6xHis-tag heterologously synthesized in Escherichia coli for a full biochemical characterization. Both PAL proteins accept l-phenylalanine, l-tyrosine as well as l-histidine as substrates, although the activity is explicitly the highest with l-phenylalanine. Km values as well as catalytic efficiencies were determined for phenylalanine (Km AaPAL1 39 µM, AaPAL2 18 µM) and tyrosine (Km AaPAL1 3.3 mM, AaPAL2 3.5 mM). In suspension cultures of Anthoceros agrestis, PAL genes were transcribed in parallel to rosmarinic acid (RA) accumulation and both showed highest abundance in the early growth phase. In a phylogenetic tree, both AaPAL amino acid sequences grouped within a clade with PAL amino acid sequences of diverse origin ranging from non-vascular to vascular plants, while most PALs from eudicots and monocots were mainly found in two other clades. The similarity of the hornwort PAL amino acid sequences to PAL sequences from vascular plants is more than 80% showing a strong conservation within the land plants. With this characterization of PALs from Anthoceros agrestis together with former investigations concerning cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase and 4-coumaric acid CoA-ligase, the functional presence of the general phenylpropanoid pathway in this hornwort is proven.
Lessons learned: the first consecutive 1000 patients of the CCCMunichLMU Molecular Tumor Board
Authors: Heinrich Kathrin , Miller-Phillips Lisa , Ziemann Frank , Hasselmann Korbinian , Rühlmann Katharina , Flach Madeleine , Biro Dorottya , von Bergwelt-Baildon Michael , Holch Julian , Herold Tobias , von Baumgarten Louisa , Greif Philipp A. , Jeremias Irmela , Wuerstlein Rachel , Casuscelli Jozefina , Spitzweg Christine , Seidensticker Max , Renz Bernhard , Corradini Stefanie , Baumeister Philipp , Goni Elisabetta , Tufman Amanda , Jung Andreas , Kumbrink Jörg , Kirchner Thomas , Klauschen Frederick , Metzeler Klaus H. , Heinemann Volker , Westphalen C. Benedikt 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeIn 2016, the University of Munich Molecular Tumor Board (MTB) was implemented to initiate a precision oncology program. This review of cases was conducted to assess clinical implications and functionality of the program, to identify current limitations and to inform future directions of these efforts.MethodsCharts, molecular profiles, and tumor board decisions of the first 1000 consecutive cases (01/2016–03/2020) were reviewed. Descriptive statistics were applied to describe relevant findings.ResultsOf the first 1000 patients presented to the MTB; 914 patients received comprehensive genomic profiling. Median age of patients was 56 years and 58% were female. The most prevalent diagnoses were breast (16%) and colorectal cancer (10%). Different types of targeted or genome-wide sequencing assays were used; most of them offered by the local department of pathology. Testing was technically successful in 88%. In 41% of cases, a genomic alteration triggered a therapeutic recommendation. The fraction of patients receiving a tumor board recommendation differed significantly between malignancies ranging from over 50% in breast or biliary tract to less than 30% in pancreatic cancers. Based on a retrospective chart review, 17% of patients with an MTB recommendation received appropriate treatment.ConclusionBased on these retrospective analyses, patients with certain malignancies (breast and biliary tract cancer) tend to be more likely to have actionable variants. The low rate of therapeutic implementation (17% of patients receiving a tumor board recommendation) underscores the importance of meticulous follow-up for these patients and ensuring broad access to innovative therapies for patients receiving molecular tumor profiling.
Modulation of matrix metalloproteases by ciliary neurotrophic factor in human placental development
Authors: Tossetta Giovanni , Fantone Sonia , Busilacchi Elena Marinelli , Di Simone Nicoletta , Giannubilo Stefano R. , Scambia Giovanni , Giordano Antonio , Marzioni Daniela 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCiliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is a pleiotropic cytokine that signals through a receptor complex containing a specific subunit, CNTF receptor α (CNTFRα). The two molecules are constitutively expressed in key structures for human placental growth and differentiation. The possible role of CNTF in enhancing cell proliferation and/or invasion during placental development and remodelling was investigated using HTR-8/SVneo and BeWo cells, taken respectively as cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast models. In both cell lines, treatment with human recombinant (hr) CNTF activated JAK2/STAT3 signalling and inhibited the ERK pathway. Interestingly, in HTR-8/SVneo cells, 50 ng hrCNTF induced significant downregulation of matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-1 and significant upregulation of MMP-9. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 signalling by AG490 and curcumin resulted in MMP-9 downregulation; it activated the ERK signalling pathway and upregulated MMP-1 expression. Collectively, these data suggest a role for CNTF signalling in extravillous cytotrophoblast invasion through the modulation of specific MMPs.
Distal radius malunion: outcomes following an ulnar shortening osteotomy
Authors: Stirling Paul H. C. , Oliver William M. , Ng Nathan , Oliver Christopher W. , McQueen Margaret M. , Molyneux Samuel G. , Duckworth Andrew D. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Positive ulnar variance following a distal radius malunion can lead to ulnar-sided wrist pain, loss of grip strength, and distal radioulnar joint impingement. The primary aim of this study is to describe upper limb-specific functional outcomes following ulnar shortening osteotomy (USO) for ulnar-sided wrist pain associated with malunion of the distal radius.

Methods
We retrospectively identified 40 adult patients from a single centre over a 9-year period that had undergone an USO for symptomatic malunion of the distal radius. The primary outcome was the patient-rated wrist evaluation (PRWE). Secondary outcomes were the QuickDASH, EQ-5D-5L, complications, and net promoter score (NPS).

Results
Outcomes were available for 37 patients (93%). The mean age was 56 years and 25 patients were female (68%). At a mean follow-up of 6 years (range 1–10 years) the median PRWE was 11 (IQR 0–29.5), the median QuickDASH 6.8 (IQR 0–29.5), and the median EQ-5D-5L index was 0.88 (IQR 0.71–1). The NPS was 73. Complications occurred in nine patients (24%) and included non-union (n = 4), early loss of fixation requiring revision surgery (n = 1), superficial wound infection (n = 2), neurological injury (n = 1), and further surgery for symptomatic hardware removal (n = 1).

Conclusions
For patients with a symptomatic distal radius malunion where the predominant deformity is ulnar positive variance, this study has demonstrated that despite 1 in 4 patients experiencing a complication, USO can result in excellent patient reported outcomes with high levels of satisfaction.

Level of Evidence
III (Cohort Study).
Psychiatric symptoms in Salla disease
Authors: Aulanko Ida , Rahikkala Elisa , Moilanen Jukka 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSalla disease (SD) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder characterised by intellectual disability ataxia, athetosis, nystagmus, and central nervous system demyelination. Although the neurological spectrum of SD’s clinical phenotype is well defined, psychotic symptoms in SD remain unreported. We reviewed the presence of psychiatric symptoms in patients diagnosed with SD. Medical records of all SD patients at Oulu University Hospital during the years 1982–2015 were systematically reviewed to evaluate the presence of psychiatric symptoms. Psychiatric symptoms were frequently associated with SD (10/24, 42%), and two patients were described as developing psychosis as adolescents. We reported their clinical characteristics in detail and assessed the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms in a cohort of 24 patients. Other psychiatric factors associated with SD were sleeping disorders (8/24, 32%), aggressive behaviour disorders or restlessness (6/24, 25%), and off-label antipsychotic medication (4/24, 17%). This report expands the knowledge of the phenotypic spectrum of SD and demonstrates the importance of recognising the possibility of psychiatric symptoms, including psychosis, in persons with SD.
Mid-term treatment-related cognitive sequelae in glioma patients
Authors: Schlömer Sabine , Felsberg Jörg , Pertz Milena , Hentschel Bettina , Löffler Markus , Schackert Gabriele , Krex Dietmar , Juratli Tareq , Tonn Joerg Christian , Schnell Oliver , Vatter Hartmut , Simon Matthias , Westphal Manfred , Martens Tobias , Sabel Michael , Bendszus Martin , Dörner Nils , Fliessbach Klaus , Hoppe Christian , Reifenberger Guido , Weller Michael , Schlegel Uwe , Network for the German Glioma 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Cognitive functioning represents an essential determinant of quality of life. Since significant advances in neuro-oncological treatment have led to prolonged survival it is important to reliably identify possible treatment-related neurocognitive dysfunction in brain tumor patients. Therefore, the present study specifically evaluates the effects of standard treatment modalities on neurocognitive functions in glioma patients within two years after surgery.

Methods
Eighty-six patients with World Health Organization (WHO) grade 1–4 gliomas were treated between 2004 and 2012 and prospectively followed within the German Glioma Network. They received serial neuropsychological assessment of attention, memory and executive functions using the computer-based test battery NeuroCog FX. As the primary outcome the extent of change in cognitive performance over time was compared between patients who received radiotherapy, chemotherapy or combined radio-chemotherapy and patients without any adjuvant therapy. Additionally, the effect of irradiation and chemotherapy was assessed in subgroup analyses. Furthermore, the potential impact of the extent of tumor resection and histopathological characteristics on cognitive functioning were referred to as secondary outcomes.

Results
After a median of 16.8 (range 5.9–31.1) months between post-surgery baseline neuropsychological assessment and follow-up assessment, all treatment groups showed numerical and often even statistically significant improvement in all cognitive domains. The extent of change in cognitive functioning showed no difference between treatment groups. Concerning figural memory only, irradiated patients showed less improvement than non-irradiated patients (p = 0.029, η2 = 0.06). Resected patients, yet not patients with biopsy, showed improvement in all cognitive domains. Compared to patients with astrocytomas, patients with oligodendrogliomas revealed a greater potential to improve in attentional and executive functions. However, the heterogeneity of the patient group and the potentially selected cohort may confound results.

Conclusion
Within a two-year post-surgery interval, radiotherapy, chemotherapy or their combination as standard treatment did not have a detrimental effect on cognitive functions in WHO grade 1–4 glioma patients. Cognitive performance in patients with adjuvant treatment was comparable to that of patients without.
Participatory Systems Mapping for Municipal Prioritization and Planning
Authors: Pomeroy–Stevens Amanda , Goldman Bailey , Grattan Karen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRapidly growing cities face new and compounding health challenges, leading governments and donors to seek innovative ways to support healthier, more resilient urban growth. One such approach is the systems mapping process developed by Engaging Inquiry (EI) for the USAID-funded Building Healthy Cities project (BHC) in four cities in Asia. This paper provides details on the theory and methods of the process. While systems mapping is not new, the approach detailed in this paper has been uniquely adapted to the purpose of municipal planning. Strategic stakeholder engagement, including participatory workshops with a diverse group of stakeholders, is at the core of this approach and led to deeper insights, greater buy-in, and shared understanding of the city’s unique opportunities and challenges. This innovative mapping process is a powerful tool for defining municipal priorities within growing cities across the globe, where the situation is rapidly evolving. It can be used to provide evidence-based information on where to invest to gain the biggest impact on specific goals. This paper is part of a collection in this issue providing a detailed accounting of BHC’s systems mapping approach across four project cities.
Studies on the secondary metabolism of Rosellinia and Dematophora strains (Xylariaceae) from Iran
Authors: Pourmoghaddam Mohammad Javad , Ekiz Güner , Lambert Christopher , Surup Frank , Primahana Gian , Wittstein Kathrin , Khodaparast Seyed Akbar , Voglmayr Hermann , Krisai-Greilhuber Irmgard , Stradal Theresia E. B. , Stadler Marc 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe xylariaceous genus Dematophora has recently been resurrected and segregated from Rosellinia based on a molecular phylogeny and morphological characters. This was an important taxonomic change because Dematophora in the current sense contains several important pathogens, while Rosellinia is limited to mainly saprotrophic species that have an endophytic stage in their life cycle and may even have beneficial effects on the host plants. During our ongoing work on the functional biodiversity of the Xylariales, we have encountered new strains of rosellinoid Xylariaceae from Iran and have studied their mycelial cultures for secondary metabolites in an attempt to establish further chemotaxonomic affinities. In the process, we isolated and identified 13 compounds, of which rosellisteroid (1), the cichorine derivative 2, and the alkaloid 3 are new. Out of these, nine were tested for their antimicrobial affinities with cytochalasin E (6) exhibiting weak activity against Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The cytotoxicity of three cytochalasin derivatives was examined and their effects on the F-actin cytoskeletal organization studied by fluorescence microscopy using fluorescent phalloidin. Cytochalasin E (6) and Δ6,12-cytochalasin E (7) showed strong and irreversible action on actin, while cytochalasin K (8) exhibited weaker, reversible effects.
COVID-19 pandemic and capital markets: the role of government responses
Authors: Beer Christian , Maniora Janine , Pott Christiane 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper analyzes the moderation effect of government responses on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, proxied by the daily growth in COVID-19 cases and deaths, on the capital market, i.e., the S&P 500 firm’s daily returns. Using the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker, we monitor 16 daily indicators for government actions across the fields of containment and closure, economic support, and health for 180 countries in the period from January 1, 2020 to March 15, 2021. We find that government responses mitigate the negative stock market impact and that investors’ sentiment is sensitive to a firm’s country-specific revenue exposure to COVID-19. Our findings indicate that the mitigation effect is stronger for firms that are highly exposed to COVID-19 on the sales side. In more detail, containment and closure policies and economic support mitigate negative stock market impacts, while health system policies support further declines. For firms with high revenue exposure to COVID-19, the mitigation effect is stronger for government economic support and health system initiatives. Containment and closure policies do not mitigate stock price declines due to growing COVID-19 case numbers. Our results hold even after estimating the spread of the pandemic with an epidemiological standard model, namely, the susceptible-infectious-recovered model.