bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelling of lighting system utilizing natural and artificial lighting using DIALux
Authors: Hangga A , Nisa A M , Apriliyanto M , Afandi M , Pratama D , Aziz M A , Wijanarko A , Witrianto S 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The uniformity of daylight in the classroom contributes to indoor visual comfort in the learning process. A Classroom that has non-uniform illuminance and is unsuitable with 350-3000 lux can affect visual discomfort. This study aims to design a classroom lighting system using daylight and artificial lighting according to Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 6197-2011 to get visual comfort. The results of this study are expected to increase the efficiency of electricity consumption and to solve the visual discomfort problem followed by SNI 6197-2011. This research using E11-210 and E11-112 classroom Universitas Negeri Semarang with the dimension about 12m x 9m x 3,5m. Based on observation, the classrooms had an illuminance of more than 20,000 lux with a uniformity less than 0,6 in the afternoon. Simulation in this study using Dialux Evo software with replacing the layouts of lamp, type of lamps and armature, modifying power of lamp, and implementing dynamics blinds. The result shows that the simulation can solve visual discomfort corresponding to SNI 6197-2011. This paper also presents that LED Tube power modification from 21 – 25 watts can save electricity costs by 37.3%.
Physical characteristics and nutritional value of cassava analogue rice with fortified protein tempeh and the addition of xanthan gum for healthy dieters
Authors: Putri R D A , Rohmah K A N , Lestari I P , Bahlawan Z A S , Astuti W , Kusumaningrum M , Yanuar T R , Nurzulcha F , Purwanti D 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFood diversification is an initiative to diversify local foods in order to gain a wider range of nutrients. One kind of food diversification is the creation of analogue rice. Cassava has a high starch content and can be used to replace rice as a carbohydrate source. The purpose of this research is to assess the influence of tempeh flour fortification and the inclusion of xanthan gum produced with cassava flour on the physical properties and nutritional value of alternative analogue rice products for healthy dieters. The stage of this research was making cassava flour; the stage of making composite flour with the formulation of cassava flour 30-45 percent wt, tempeh flour 5 - 20 percent wt, xanthan gum 2 percent; analogue rice synthesis stage; and testing the characteristics of analogue. The results showed that the ratio of cassava flour: tempeh flour: xanthan gum (30%:20%:2%) was the best ratio to produce analogue rice, which contained 9.24 percent water content; ash 2.44 percent; fat 6.31 percent; protein 18.38 percent; carbohydrates 54.39 percent; fibre 9.24 percent, water absorption value 243.32 percent, swelling power 6.7 g/g, and bulk density 0,4214 g/ml, and rehydration time 6,10 minutes.
Simulation and design of smart clothesline using fuzzy for weather forecast
Authors: Andrasto T , Musaropah  , Haryono  , Joko T , Kardoyo  
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Information about weather is very important for human life. For this reason, a weather prediction system is needed that can read predictions correctly. One of the correct prediction systems is fuzzy systems. Fuzzy systems are used because they can make accurate and accurate weather predictions like human logic. The system used needs to be simulated to obtain the right model. The right software to simulate is Simulink MATLAB. In this study will take the DHT 22 and LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) sensor data from Arduino which will be processed by Simulink MATLAB using the Fuzzy Mamdani system. From the experiments conducted, we managed to make a simulation of predicting the weather using Mamdani fuzzy logic. The defuzzification results from this study can be used to control motors, heaters, etc.
The spatial phenomenon of Kin’s settlements in the UNNES campus area: study of activities and the meaning of spaces
Authors: Prihanto T , Rahadini A , Diharto  , Wibowo A A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The development of campuses on the outskirts of the city is forming new satellite cities, including the Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES) expanding its new campus in Sekaran Village, Gunungpati sub-district. The existence of this campus has a major impact on regional development, and affects land use. The characteristics of the countryside with local wisdom still seem to color the socio-cultural life of the people of Sekaran, and also affect the space and environment of the settlements where they live. This phenomenon indicates that there is a strong kinship among the sedentary groups. This study aims to: (1) explore the spatial phenomenon of kin’s settlements; (2) revealing the activities and meaning of spaces. In order to achieve the objectives, this research uses a phenomenological approach. The results of the study illustrate that the setting of kins settlements is formed by internal aspects, namely: the location of inheritance land, orientation between dwellings, access between dwellings, kin’s activities and the influence of the UNNES Campus which encourages the formation of new functions in kin’s settlements that have economic value. The existence of space and activities together strengthens the meaning of shared space in kin’s settlements.
The relation between historical context and structural change in Central Java and Yogyakarta
Authors: Rahadini A 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe basis argument of this study departures from the spatial differences between north and south region of Central Java. The north-south corridor classification derives from the rapid growth in north coastal region and the prosperous inland principalities in south-central region during Java colonial. The rivalry between The Dutch and inland principalities to attain absolute control over north-east region indicates that the north corridor plays the primary region. This geographical interpretation of north-(interior)-south region has been embedded in mind. This study explores the spatial pattern of socio-economic distribution in Central Java and Yogyakarta based on regional specialization. The result of the simple Location Quotient (??) indicator from 1990-2010 shows that structural change from the agriculture to the non-agriculture sectors was mostly found in the north corridor. On the contrary, the primary sector in south corridor remained agriculture.
Effect of trass substitution in sand on the compressive and flexure strength of concrete
Authors: Priastiwi Y A , Muhrozi  , Setiadji B H , Adi R B K 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The existence of limitations in the supply of sand as a concrete material requires an alternative. On the other hand, the potential trass in Rembang is quite abundant and has not been utilized optimally. This study utilizes the potential of trass ex. Rembang is a substitution of sand in concrete with compressive and flexural strength as test parameters. Concrete with a design quality of 33 MPa is made from the split, cement, water, and sand substituted with trass 0,20,40,50,60,80, and 100% of the weight of sand in cylinders 15/30 cm and beams 15x15x60 cm. The concrete was treated with wet burlap and tested at the 3, 7, 14, 28, and 90 days in compression also 7 and 28 days in flexure. The test results show that the presence of trass in the concrete reduces the concrete compressive strength by 17% until 42% of the concrete compressive strength without trass. Moreover, the flexural strength decreases by 7% to 23%. Concrete using a fine aggregate in the form of trass (100% trass) has increased compressive strength with increasing age of the concrete, but with a compressive strength of 36% lower than the compressive strength of concrete with sand as the fine aggregate.
Handedness and Cognition in Multiple Sclerosis: Potential Indications for Hemispheric Vulnerability
Authors: Miller Jennifer R , Altaras Caroline , Zemon Vance , Barr William B , Weinberger Andrea H , Foley Frederick W 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) affects over 2.5 million individuals worldwide, yet much of the disease course is unknown. Hemispheric vulnerability in MS may elucidate part of this process but has not yet been studied. The current study assessed neuropsychological functioning as it relates to hemispheric vulnerability in MS.MethodsVerbal IQ, as measured by verbal comprehension index (VCI), nonverbal IQ, as measured by perceptual reasoning index (PRI) and memory acquisition were compared in right-handed (dextral) and non-right-handed (non-dextral) persons with MS (PwMS).ResultsLinear mixed-effects modeling indicated a significant main effect of handedness, F(1, 195.35) = 3.95, p = .048, for a composite measure of VCI, PRI, and memory acquisition, with better performance for dextral PwMS. In examining differences for specific neuropsychological measures, the largest effect size between dextral and non-dextral participants was seen in PRI (d = 0.643), F(1,341) = 12.163, p = .001. No significant interaction effect between handedness and IQ was found, F(3, 525.60) = 0.75, p = .523.ConclusionsDextral PwMS perform better than non-dextral PwMS when assessing neuropsychological performance for memory and IQ combined. Results are suggestive of increased vulnerability in the left brain to the pathological process of MS.
Brood as booty: the effect of colony size and resource value in social insect contests
Authors: Chapin Kenneth James , Paat Victor Alexander , Dornhaus Anna 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAnimals engage in contests for access to resources like food, mates, and space. Intergroup contests between groups of organisms have received little attention, and it remains unresolved what information groups might use collectively to make contest decisions. We staged whole-colony contests using ant colonies (Temnothorax rugatulus), which perceive conspecific colonies as both a threat and resource from which to steal brood. We recorded individual behaviors and used demographic characteristics as proxies for resource value (number of brood items) and fighting ability (number of workers). We found that ants altered their fighting effort depending on the relative number of workers of their opponent. Although the proximate mechanism for this ability remains uncertain, we found that colonies increased fighting when their opponent had relatively more brood, but not if opposing colonies had relatively many more workers. This suggests that ant colonies can use information about opposing colonies that shapes contest strategies. Further, the behavior of opposing colonies was strongly correlated with each other despite colony size differences ranging from 4% to 51%, consistent with the hypothesis that colonies can use opponent information. The behavior of a distributed, collective system of many individuals, like a eusocial insect colony, thus fits several predictions of contest models designed for individuals if we consider the gain and loss of worker ants analogous to energetic costs accrued during typical dyadic contests.
Distributions and habitats of the two partly allopatric cryptic species of the vulnerable moss Hamatocaulis vernicosus (Bryophyta) in Europe
Authors: Hedenäs Lars , Collart Flavien , Heras Patxi , Infante Marta , Kooijman Annemieke , Kučera Jan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The geographical distributions of the two cryptic species of the wetland moss Hamatocaulis vernicosus were mapped for western, central and northern Europe, based on identifications of the two by the nuclear ITS1 + 2 and the plastid rpl16 and trnL–trnF. The distributions of the two cryptic species overlap to a large extent. However, in the west and south-west only cryptic species 1 is present, whereas in the boreal north only cryptic species 2 occurs, which agrees with its distribution in Scandinavia. Despite these differences in distribution, no differences between the two cryptic species were revealed in habitat water chemistry, elevation distribution or climatic niches. The difference in distribution therefore suggests that cryptic species 1 could have survived the glacial period in southern Europe and cryptic species 2 in northern or eastern Europe. However, the studied molecular markers did not reveal geographical patterns suggesting origins in different glacial refugia. Although populations of both cryptic species have decreased in large portions of western Europe, a significantly negative Tajima’s D may reflect the long-term expansion south of Scandinavia since the glacial bottleneck, potentially correlated with the expansion of earlier extensive agricultural management of wetlands.
‘Mahomedan Fenians’: Anti-Imperialism, the Islamic World and Irish Republican Thought, c.1848–1885
Authors: Lally Jagjeet 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
If Irish republicanism (or Fenianism) after 1848 was sometimes articulated through the critique of British imperialism in Afro-Asia, by the 1870s the Fenian command and journalists writing for the Irish-American republican press were taking a marked interest in Muslim societies under British rule. This interest developed steadily from the Indian Rebellion of 1857–8 to the Great Eastern Crisis of 1875–8, analysis of the latter illuminating the additional potential possessed by those frontiers where imperial rivalries could be manipulated to exhaust and abrade British power and prestige. Afghanistan—a buffer between British India and Russian Central Asia—held great promise, and the eruption of the Anglo-Afghan War (1878–80) presented an opportunity for the Irish cause: support for Afghans might precipitate the disintegration of British coercive power, providing in turn the opportunity for Ireland’s emancipation. Focusing on the writings of the Fenian command and reportage in the US-based Irish World, this article shows the attentiveness of Irish patriots to the spectral power of the world of Islam, which haunted the European powers, and their subversion of the Orientalist categories constructed to demonise Muslims, particularly those from the frontier most resistant to European imperialism. Fantastical and opportunistic, this short-lived burst of interest was the culmination of a longer-term process, one revealing the embeddedness of Fenianism within a world-historical moment marked by numerous imaginative projects constitutive of Islam as a world religion and a (latent) world power, and, thus, the imperial, trans-imperial and global geographies of Fenian thought.
Quality clusters in general practice: associations between cluster organization and general practitioners’ self-reported benefits
Authors: Bundgaard Maria , Jarbøl Dorte Ejg , Søndergaard Jens , Kousgaard Marius Brostrøm , Wehberg Sonja , Pedersen Line Bjørnskov 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
Quality clusters were introduced as a quality improvement concept in Danish general practice in 2018. This new concept anchored quality improvement in local clusters managed by general practitioners (GPs).

Objectives
To describe the cluster organization and GPs’ self-reported benefits of participating in them and explore the associations between cluster organization and self-reported benefits.

Methods
A national survey in Danish general practice gathering information about cluster organization (cluster size, cluster meetings, participants, and content) and GPs’ self-reported benefits (overall benefit, internal changes in the clinic, and improved external collaboration).

Results
One hundred and eight (95%) clusters and 1,219 GPs (36%) were included. Cluster size varied from 10 to 68 GPs (34 GPs on average). Approximately 70% of GPs reported moderate to very high overall benefit from cluster participation. Most GPs experienced changes in their clinic organization (68%), drug prescriptions (78%), and patient care (77%). Collaboration was reported improved between the GPs (86%), municipality (50%), and hospital (36.2%). GPs in clusters with 3–6 planned meetings per year (odds ratio [OR] 1.9; confidence interval [CI] 1.3–2.9), mixed meeting types (OR 1.7; CI 1.2–2.4), group work (OR 1.7; CI 1.1–2.5), and use of guidelines in their meetings (OR 1.8; CI 1.3–2.4) had statistically significantly higher odds for reporting overall benefit of participating in clusters compared with GPs in clusters without these characteristics.

Conclusions
Frequent and active meetings with a relevant meeting content are positively related to GPs’ perceived benefits and with improved collaboration between GPs in the clusters. There seems to be a potential for developing collaboration with other healthcare providers.
Assessment of a Primary Support Program: family physicians and mental health professionals’ perspective
Authors: Gil-Girbau Montserrat , Peñarrubia-Maria Maria-Teresa , Carbonell-Simeón Davinia , Rodríguez-Ferraz Brenda , Contaldo Salvatore-Fabrizio , Iglesias-González Maria , Fernández-Vergel Rita , Blanco-García Elena , Baladon-Higuera Luisa , Serrano-Blanco Antoni , Rubio-Valera Maria 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
Mental health (MH) disorders are increasingly prevalent in primary care (PC) and this has generated, in recent years, the development of strategies based on the collaborative model and the stepped care model. The Primary Support Program (PSP) was implemented in the community of Catalonia (Spain) during 2006 to improve, from the first level of care, treatment of the population with mild–moderate complexity MH problems along with identification and referral of severe cases to specialized care. The aim of the present study was to identify the strengths and limitations of the PSP from the perspective of health professionals involved in the programme.

Methods
An explanatory qualitative study based on Grounded Theory. We conducted group semistructured interviews with 37 family physicians and 34 MH professionals. A constant comparative method of analysis was performed.

Results
Operation of the PSP is influenced by internal factors, such as the programme framework, MH liaison, management of service supply and demand, and the professional team involved. Additionally, external factors which had an impact were related to the patient, the professionals, the Health System, and community resources.

Conclusions
The operation of the PSP could benefit from a review of the programme framework and optimization of MH liaison. Improvements are also proposed for MH training in PC, intraprofessional coordination, use of community resources, and creation of efficient continuous assessment systems.
A New Gene Family Diagnostic for Intracellular Biomineralization of Amorphous Ca Carbonates by Cyanobacteria
Authors: Benzerara Karim , Duprat Elodie , Bitard-Feildel Tristan , Caumes Géraldine , Cassier-Chauvat Corinne , Chauvat Franck , Dezi Manuela , Diop Seydina Issa , Gaschignard Geoffroy , Görgen Sigrid , Gugger Muriel , López-García Purificación , Millet Maxime , Skouri-Panet Fériel , Moreira David , Callebaut Isabelle 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Cyanobacteria have massively contributed to carbonate deposition over the geological history. They are traditionally thought to biomineralize CaCO3 extracellularly as an indirect byproduct of photosynthesis. However, the recent discovery of freshwater cyanobacteria-forming intracellular amorphous calcium carbonates (iACC) challenges this view. Despite the geochemical interest of such a biomineralization process, its molecular mechanisms and evolutionary history remain elusive. Here, using comparative genomics, we identify a new gene (ccyA) and protein family (calcyanin) possibly associated with cyanobacterial iACC biomineralization. Proteins of the calcyanin family are composed of a conserved C-terminal domain, which likely adopts an original fold, and a variable N-terminal domain whose structure allows differentiating four major types among the 35 known calcyanin homologs. Calcyanin lacks detectable full-length homologs with known function. The overexpression of ccyA in iACC-lacking cyanobacteria resulted in an increased intracellular Ca content. Moreover, ccyA presence was correlated and/or colocalized with genes involved in Ca or HCO3− transport and homeostasis, supporting the hypothesis of a functional role of calcyanin in iACC biomineralization. Whatever its function, ccyA appears as diagnostic of intracellular calcification in cyanobacteria. By searching for ccyA in publicly available genomes, we identified 13 additional cyanobacterial strains forming iACC, as confirmed by microscopy. This extends our knowledge about the phylogenetic and environmental distribution of cyanobacterial iACC biomineralization, especially with the detection of multicellular genera as well as a marine species. Moreover, ccyA was probably present in ancient cyanobacteria, with independent losses in various lineages that resulted in a broad but patchy distribution across modern cyanobacteria.
Differential Trends in Disability Among Rich and Poor Adults in the United States and England From 2002 to 2016
Authors: Choi HwaJung , Schoeni Robert F , Steptoe Andrew , Cho Tsai-Chin , Langa Kenneth M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Disability in the United States has not improved in recent decades. Comparing temporal trends in disability prevalence across different income groups, both within and between the United States and England, would inform public policy aimed at reducing disparities in disability.

Methods
Using the Health and Retirement Study and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, we estimated annual percent change from 2002 to 2016 in disability among community-dwelling adults (197,021 person-years of observations). Disability was defined based on self-report of limitations with 5 instrumental activities of daily living and 6 activities of daily living. We examined the trends by age and income quintile and adjusted for individual-level sociodemographic status and survey design.

Results
The adjusted annual percent change (AAPC) in disability prevalence declined significantly in both countries for ages 75 and older during 2002–2016. For ages 55–64 and 65–74, disability prevalence was unchanged in the United States but declined in England. Both countries experienced a widening gap in disability between low- and high-income adults among the younger age groups. For example, for those ages 55–64 in each country, there was no significant improvement in disability for the low-income group but a significant improvement for the high-income group (AAPC = −3.60; 95% confidence interval [CI; −6.57, −0.63] for the United States; AAPC = −6.06; 95% CI [−8.77, −3.35] for England).

Discussion
Improvements in disability were more widespread in England than in the United States between 2002 and 2016. In both countries, the disparity in disability between low- and high-income adults widened for middle-aged adults. Policies targeted at preventing disability among low-income adults should be a priority in both countries.