bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuously monitored vital signs for detection of myocardial injury in high‐risk patients – An observational study
Authors: Loft Frederik C. , Rasmussen Søren M. , Elvekjaer Mikkel , Haahr‐Raunkjaer Camilla , Sørensen Helge B. D. , Aasvang Eske K. , Meyhoff Christian S. ,   WARD‐Project Group
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients are at risk of myocardial injury after major non‐cardiac surgery and during acute illness. Myocardial injury is associated with mortality, but often asymptomatic and currently detected through intermittent cardiac biomarker screening. This delays diagnosis, where vital signs deviations may serve as a proxy for early signs of myocardial injury. This study aimed to assess the association between continuous monitored vital sign deviations and subsequent myocardial injury following major abdominal cancer surgery and during acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.MethodsPatients undergoing major abdominal cancer surgery or admitted with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease had daily troponin measurements. Continuous wireless monitoring of several vital signs was performed for up to 96 h after admission or surgery. The primary exposure was cumulative duration of peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) below 85% in the 24 h before the primary outcome of myocardial injury, defined as a new onset ischaemic troponin elevation assessed daily. If no myocardial injury occurred, the primary exposure was based on the first 24 h of measurement.ResultsA total of 662 patients were continuously monitored and 113 (17%) had a myocardial injury. Cumulative duration of SpO2 < 85% was significantly associated with myocardial injury (mean difference 14.2 min [95% confidence interval −4.7 to 33.1 min]; p = .005). Durations of hypoxaemia (SpO2 < 88% and SpO2 < 80%), tachycardia (HR > 110 bpm and HR > 130 bpm) and tachypnoea (RR > 24 min−1 and RR > 30 min−1) were also significantly associated with myocardial injury (p < .04, for all).ConclusionDuration of severely low SpO2 detected by continuous wireless monitoring is significantly associated with myocardial injury in high‐risk patients admitted to hospital wards. The effect of early detection and interventions should be assessed next.
Oophorectomy for ovarian torsion – should this be abandoned?
Authors: Soh Pei Qian , Cheng Claudia , Reddington Charlotte , Dior Uri P. , Healey Martin 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundManagement of ovarian torsion ranges from de‐torsion to oophorectomy and is dependent on various factors. Oophorectomy can have significant implications for fertility and general health, thus requiring careful consideration.AimsWe evaluate the management of ovarian torsion at a tertiary hospital over a ten‐year period and identify the predictors of oophorectomy in ovarian torsion cases.Materials and methodsInpatient notes of patients who underwent surgical management for acute ovarian torsion at a tertiary hospital in Victoria, Australia, were reviewed, from January 2008 to June 2018. We reported the incidence and predictors of oophorectomy and ovarian ischaemia and current practices in oophoropexy.ResultsOur analysis included 159 patients. The incidence of oophorectomy was 47%. After confounders were adjusted, increasing age was the only significant predictor for oophorectomy. The adjusted odds ratio of having an oophorectomy based on age alone was 1.10 for each year increase in age between the ages of 15 and 68 (P = 0.001, 95% confidence interval 1.04–1.16). Of those with oophorectomy, 57% had ischaemia confirmed histologically. There were no significant predictors for ischaemia.ConclusionThe incidence of oophorectomy in this audit is comparable to reported incidences in current literature. However, with increasing evidence to support ongoing ovarian function even in cases where ischaemia is histologically confirmed, this incidence could be lowered. Age was the only variable that was found to have a significant effect on the incidence of oophorectomy.
Persistence of treatment in patients with ulcerative colitis who responded to tofacitinib therapy: data from the open‐label, long‐term extension study, OCTAVE open
Authors: Panaccione Remo , Abreu Maria T. , Lazariciu Irina , Mundayat Rajiv , Lawendy Nervin , Salese Leonardo , Woolcott John C. , Sands Bruce E. , Chaparro María 
Published: March 2022

SummaryBackgroundTofacitinib is an oral Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC).AimThis post hoc analysis evaluated tofacitinib persistence in patients with UC in OCTAVE Open, an open‐label, long‐term extension study of patients receiving tofacitinib 5 or 10 mg twice daily.MethodsKaplan‐Meier estimates for tofacitinib drug survival and reasons for discontinuations were evaluated. Baseline factors were analysed as predictors of persistence.ResultsThis analysis included 603 patients: 280 entered OCTAVE Open with a clinical response (164 in remission and 116 not in remission), 220 were delayed responders, 75 were retreatment responders and 35 were dose escalation responders, treated for up to 7 years in OCTAVE Open. Of these, 118 (42.1%) responders, 121 (55.0%) delayed responders, 40 (53.3%) retreatment responders and 17 (48.6%) dose escalation responders discontinued tofacitinib with a median time to discontinuation of 5.6, 4.5, 4.0 and 4.4 years, respectively. The estimated 2‐ and 5‐year drug survival rates in the responders (including patients in remission and not in remission) were 73.9% and 54.5%, respectively. Corresponding persistence values for delayed responders were 69.5% and 45.2%, for retreatment responders, 70.7% and 40.0%, and for dose escalation responders, 74.3% and 32.8%.ConclusionIn OCTAVE Open, a high proportion of patients maintained tofacitinib treatment, with the median survival by group ranging from 4.0 to 5.6 years although these analyses are post hoc and limited by sample size. Further research should focus on factors to enhance persistence with tofacitinib treatment in patients with UC.
Leptin gene contributes to beef marbling standard, meat brightness, meat firmness, and beef fat standard of the Kumamoto sub‐breed of Japanese Brown cattle
Authors: Matsumoto Hirokazu , Kimura Satoshi , Nagai Yohsuke , Fukuda Yuta , Miyazaki Kunio , Imai Saki , Inenaga Toshiaki , Kashimura Atsushi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe Kumamoto sub‐breed of Japanese Brown cattle has unique characteristics, such as great growth rate, and their contribution as future breeding materials is expected. To develop a DNA marker for their breeding, we investigated the effects of Leptin gene, controlling energy homeostasis, on carcass traits of the Kumamoto sub‐breed. Sequence comparison identified five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): four linked synonymous mutations and one nonsynonymous mutation. Statistical analysis revealed that c.239C > T (p.A80V) had significant effects on the traits related with quality grade: beef marbling standard (p = 0.0132), meat brightness (p = 0.0383), and meat firmness (p = 0.0115). The C allele showed favorable effects; these scores of the C/C cattle were significantly higher than those of the C/T cattle. On the other hand, the effect of c.399T > C was observed on meat firmness (p = 0.0172) and beef fat standards (BFS) (p = 0.0129). The C/C cattle showed higher values of these traits than the T/T cattle. Our data suggested that these SNPs in Leptin gene could be used as a DNA marker for breeding of the Kumamoto sub‐breed.
Comparative effects of low‐carbohydrate, full‐strength and low‐alcohol beer on gastric emptying, alcohol absorption, glycaemia and insulinaemia in health
Authors: Stevens Julie E. , Jalleh Ryan J. , Trahair Laurence G. , Marathe Chinmay S. , Horowitz Michael , Jones Karen L. 
Published: March 2022

AimsThe aim of this study was to evaluate the comparative effects of low‐carbohydrate (LC), full‐strength (FS), and low‐alcohol (LA) beer on gastric emptying (GE), ethanol absorption, glycaemia and insulinaemia in health.MethodsEight subjects (four male, four female; age: 20.4 ± 0.4 years; BMI 22.7 ± 0.4 kg/m2) had concurrent measurements of GE, plasma ethanol, blood glucose and plasma insulin for 180 min on three separate occasions after ingesting 600 mL of (i) FS beer (5.0% w/v, 246 kcal, 19.2 g carbohydrate), (ii) LC beer (4.6% w/v, 180 kcal, 5.4 g carbohydrate) and (iii) LA beer (2.6% w/v, 162 kcal, 17.4 g carbohydrate) labelled with 20 MBq 99mTc‐calcium phytate, in random order.ResultsThere was no difference in the gastric 50% emptying time (T50) (FS: 89.0 ± 13.5 min vs LC: 79.5 ± 12.9 min vs LA: 74.6 ± 12.4 min; P = .39). Plasma ethanol was less after LA than LC (P < .001) and FS (P < .001), with no difference between LC and FS (P = 1.0). There was an inverse relationship between plasma ethanol at 15 min and GE after LA (r = −0.87, P < .01) and a trend for inverse relationships after LC (r = −0.67, P = .07) and FS (r = −0.69, P = .06). The AUC 0–180 min for blood glucose was greater for LA than LC (P < .001), with no difference between LA and FS (P = .40) or LC and FS (P = 1.0).ConclusionIn healthy young subjects, GE of FS, LC and LA beer is comparable and a determinant of the plasma ethanol response.
Evaluating Treatment Effects in Group Sequential Multivariate Longitudinal Studies with Covariate Adjustment
Authors: Jeffries Neal O. , Troendle James F. , Geller Nancy L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Jeffries et al. (2018) investigated testing for a treatment difference in the setting of a randomized clinical trial with a single outcome measured longitudinally over a series of common follow-up times while adjusting for covariates. That paper examined the null hypothesis of no difference at any follow-up time versus the alternative of a difference for at least one follow-up time. We extend those results here by considering multivariate outcome measurements, where each individual outcome is examined at common follow-up times. We consider the case where there is interest in first testing for a treatment difference in a global function of the outcomes (e.g., weighted average or sum) with subsequent interest in examining the individual outcomes, should the global function show a treatment difference. Testing is conducted for each follow-up time and may be performed in the setting of a group sequential trial. Testing procedures are developed to determine follow-up times for which a global treatment difference exists and which individual combinations of outcome and follow-up time show evidence of a difference while controlling for multiplicity in outcomes, follow-up, and interim analyses. These approaches are examined in a study evaluating the effects of tissue plasminogen activator on longitudinally obtained stroke severity measurements.
A novel homozygous variant in COX5A causes an attenuated phenotype with failure to thrive, lactic acidosis, hypoglycemia, and short stature
Authors: Torraco Alessandra , Morlino Silvia , Rizza Teresa , Di Nottia Michela , Bottaro Giorgia , Bisceglia Luigi , Montanari Arianna , Cappa Marco , Castori Marco , Bertini Enrico , Carrozzo Rosalba 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGenetic defect in the nuclear encoded subunits of cytochrome c oxidase are very rare. To date, most deleterious variants affect the mitochondrially encoded subunits of complex IV and the nuclear genes encoded for assembly factors. A biallelic pathogenic variant in the mitochondrial complex IV subunit COX5A was previously reported in a couple of sibs with failure to thrive, lactic acidosis and pulmonary hypertension and a lethal phenotype. Here, we describe a second family with a 11‐year‐old girl presenting with failure to thrive, lactic acidosis, hypoglycemia and short stature. Clinical exome revealed the homozygous missense variant c.266 T > G in COX5A, which produces a drop of the corresponding protein and a reduction of the COX activity. Compared to the previous observation, this girl showed an attenuated metabolic derangement without involvement of the cardiovascular system and neurodevelopment. Our observation confirms that COX5A recessive variants may cause mitochondrial disease and expands the associated phenotype to less severe presentations.
Inflammation on bronchoalveolar lavage cytology is associated with decreased chronic lung allograft dysfunction‐free survival
Authors: Greenland Nancy Y. , Deiter Fred , Calabrese Daniel R. , Hays Steven R. , Kukreja Jasleen , Leard Lorriana E. , Kolaitis Nicholas A. , Golden Jeffrey A. , Singer Jonathan P. , Greenland John R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundLung transplant recipients undergo bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) to detect antecedents of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), but routine assessment of BAL cytology is controversial. We hypothesized that inflammation on BAL cytology would predict CLAD‐free survival.MethodsIn a single‐center retrospective cohort, associations between cytology results and clinical characteristics were compared using generalized‐estimating equation‐adjusted regression. The association between BAL inflammation and CLAD or death risk was assessed using time‐dependent Cox models.Results In 3365 cytology reports from 451 subjects, inflammation was the most common finding (6.2%, 210 cases), followed by fungal forms (5.3%, 178 cases, including 24 cases of suspected Aspergillus). Inflammation on BAL cytology was more common in procedures for symptoms (8.5%) versus surveillance (3.2%,p < .001). Inflammation on cytology was associated with automated neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, acute cellular rejection, infection, and portended a 2.2‐fold hazard ratio (CI 1.2–4.0,p = .007) for CLAD or death. However, inflammation by cytology did not inform CLAD‐free survival risk beyond automated BAL cell counts (p = .57).ConclusionsInflammation on BAL cytology is clinically significant, suggesting acute rejection or infection and increased risk of CLAD or death. However, other indicators of allograft inflammation can substitute for much of the information provided by BAL cytology.
S1 Guideline: Diagnosis and therapy of vitiligo
Authors: Böhm Markus , Schunter Jo Ana , Fritz Klaus , Salavastru Carmen , Dargatz Sonja , Augustin Matthias , Tanew Adrian 
Published: March 2022

SummaryVitiligo is a common skin disorder characterized by immune‐mediated destruction of melanocytes. Non‐segmental vitiligo, the most common clinical subtype, has usually a chronic course and often results in significant psychosocial consequences for the affected patient. Early recognition, awareness of comorbidity, precise assessment of disease extent and activity, evaluation of impairment of quality of life as well as rapid initiation of treatment based on currently available evidence‐based therapies are crucial cornerstones in the management of vitiligo. This S1 guideline helps German dermatologists to better diagnose and treat vitiligo.
Epidemiology of skin diseases in Germany: systematic review of the current state of research – part 1: cutaneous tumor diseases
Authors: Hansen Inga , Augustin Matthias , Schäfer Ines , Mohr Nicole 
Published: March 2022

SummaryEpidemiological data are of great importance for the identification of health care needs, the detection of gaps in care, the development of targeted prevention measures, and for the optimization of resource allocation. The aim of this work was to systematically collect all previously published population‐based epidemiological data on skin diseases in Germany. The present part 1 of the publication series deals with tumor diseases of the skin. The results on non‐infectious (part 2) and infectious skin diseases (part 3) form the other parts of this publication series.A systematic search of the literature spanning the last 15 years was conducted using the PubMed/MEDLINE database. With the aim of including all dermatologic diseases, a diagnostic list was developed based on the ICD‐11 catalogue. This list included 1,347 skin diseases and formed the basis for the search. The literature search yielded 4,650 publications. After two‐stage screening, 72 studies on 43 different skin diseases were included in the synthesis. Among them were 30 publications on cutaneous tumor diseases, the majority was related to malignant melanoma.This work is the first systematic literature review that aimed to report all available epidemiological data on skin diseases in Germany. In terms of study characteristics, a high heterogeneity was found for the different skin diseases. Even though the methodology of the included epidemiological studies varied considerably, the usefulness of these epidemiological data is extremely wide‐ranging. Thus, this work can serve as a reference for various epidemiological questions.
White matter alterations in familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy type 1
Authors: Wang Bo , Wang Haotian , Cen Zhidong , Yuan Jiachen , Yang Dehao , Chen Xinhui , Xie Fei , Wang Lebo , Wu Sheng , Ouyang Zhiyuan , Zang Yu‐Feng , Luo Wei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveAlthough previous imaging studies have reported cerebellar gray matter loss in patients with familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy (FCMTE), the corresponding white matter alterations remain unknown. We investigated white matter structural changes in FCMTE1 and compared them with clinical and electrophysiological features.MethodsWe enrolled 36 patients carrying heterozygous pathogenic intronic pentanucleotide insertions in the SAMD12 gene and 52 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls. Diffusion tensor imaging‐derived metrics, including fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD), were calculated along with white matter voxel‐based morphometry (VBM) analysis. We also examined correlations between magnetic resonance metrics and clinical and electrophysiological features.ResultsWe detected widespread white matter reductions in MD, RD, and AD values in FCMTE1 patients, including in the commissural, projection, and association fibers. VBM analysis revealed that increases in white matter volume predominantly occurred in the right cerebellum and sagittal stratum. MD, RD, AD, and VBM analysis clearly indicated changes in the sagittal stratum. We found a positive correlation between VBM values in the right cerebellum and somatosensory‐evoked potential P25–N33 amplitude. Decreased MD and AD values in the right sagittal stratum were detected in patients with versus without photophobia.SignificanceFCMTE is a network disorder involving a wide range of cortical and subcortical structures, including the cerebellum, thalamus, thalamocortical connections, and corticocortical connections. The right sagittal stratum is closely related with visual symptoms, especially photophobia. Our findings indicate that cerebellum and cortical hyperexcitability are closely linked, and emphasize the important role of the cerebellum in the pathophysiological mechanisms of cortical tremor.
Modelling of biosignal based decision making model for intracranial haemorrhage diagnosis in IoT environment
Authors: Hilal Anwer Mustafa , Alabdan Rana , Othman Mohamed Tahar Ben , Hassine Siwar Ben Haj , Al‐Wesabi Fahd N. , Rizwanullah Mohammed , Yaseen Ishfaq , Motwakel Abdelwahed 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn recent times, the Internet of Things (IoT) in healthcare is a novel and promising emerging area that offers a number of benefits to users and healthcare professionals, enabling real time monitoring of diseases, convenience, and ease of use. With respect to aid the patients by the use of IoT with biosignals enabled solutions, recent researches make use of machine learning (ML) techniques for decision making, particularly haemorrhage diagnosis. In this view, this paper presents an intelligent intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) diagnosis using biosignals (IICHD‐BS) in IoT environment. The IICHD‐BS technique performs data acquisition process using two sensors namely complementary metal oxide semiconductor sensor and ESP8266 Wi‐Fi module. They are employed to collect CT images of the CT scanner and transforms them into electrical signals for storing them in the server. Besides, the IICHD‐BS technique employs optimal region growing based segmentation approach for detecting the infected brain regions in the CT images. In addition, EfficientNet based feature extraction and functional link neural network (FLNN) based classification approach is used for detecting and classifying the existence of ICH. For experimental validation, a set of two benchmark dataset ICH datasets are used and the experimental outcomes are evaluated with respect to different measures. The simulation outcomes demonstrated the improved performances of the proposed algorithm over the current state of art techniques.
Incongruent latitudinal patterns of taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional diversity reveal different drivers of caddisfly community assembly across spatial scales
Authors: Grigoropoulou Afroditi , Schmidt‐Kloiber Astrid , Múrria Cesc 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimCommunity assembly processes are difficult to observe in nature but can be inferred from species diversity patterns. However, taxonomic patterns may be consistent with multiple explanations, such as habitat filtering or biogeographical processes, which can also act differently across spatial scales. Here, we assessed multiple facets of diversity to determine the relative contributions of local versus regional processes and historical versus contemporary factors in establishing macroecological patterns.LocationFrom the Mediterranean peninsulas to northern Scandinavia.Time periodSpecies occurrence data gathered since c. 1980.Major organism group studiedTrichoptera (Insecta).MethodsBased on an extensive functional space and a phylogenetic tree including 197 and 509 species, respectively, and the composition of 180 communities, we assessed the distribution of taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity within 18 ecoregions (local α‐ and β‐diversity) and among those ecoregions (regional γ‐ and β‐diversity).ResultsLocal estimates of taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic α‐ and β‐diversity were similar across Europe, which reveals that all streams have similar carrying capacity even though the local abiotic factors involved are likely different among ecoregions. In contrast, regional taxonomic and phylogenetic diversities decreased as latitude increased, whereas functional richness and functional dispersion displayed unimodal relationships. The position of species on the functional space was not conserved, while northern species pools were found to be phylogenetically clustered and southern ones overdispersed. The nestedness component mainly contributed to the taxonomic and phylogenetic β‐diversity among northern communities, whereas in southern latitudes the turnover was dominant.Main conclusionsDecoupled latitudinal patterns of taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional diversity reveal the importance of regional environmental filtering over local factors in limiting species range and shaping the regional species pool. The biogeographical signature is still present; the northern recolonizations following the Pleistocene glaciations originated exclusively from central regions, instead of Mediterranean refugia, as was previously accepted.