bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance-Dependent Consolidation of Learned Vocal Changes in Adult Songbirds
Authors: Tachibana Ryosuke O. , Lee Dahyun , Kai Kazuki , Kojima Satoshi 
Published: January 2022

Motor skills learned through practice are consolidated at later time, which can include nighttime, but the time course of motor memory consolidation and its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We investigated neural substrates underlying motor memory consolidation of learned changes in birdsong, a tractable model system for studying neural basis of motor skill learning. Previous studies in male zebra finches and Bengalese finches have demonstrated that adaptive changes in adult song structure learned through a reinforcement paradigm are initially driven by a cortical-basal ganglia circuit, and subsequently consolidated into downstream cortical motor circuitry. However, the time course of the consolidation process, including whether it occurs offline during nighttime or online during daytime, remains unclear and even controversial. Here, we provide in both species experimental evidence of virtually no consolidation of learned vocal changes during nighttime. We demonstrate instead that the consolidation occurs during daytime and the amount of consolidation is strongly correlated with the amount of learning, suggesting online, performance-dependent mechanisms of consolidation of learned vocal changes. Moreover, by using computer simulations based on our experimental results, we demonstrate that such online, performance-dependent consolidation can account for the contradicting conclusions concerning the time course of consolidation process reached by previous studies. These results thus reconcile a controversy in the study of vocal motor consolidation in songbirds, and illustrate the neural substrates through which newly learned motor skills initially implemented by cortical-basal ganglia circuits become encoded in the cortical motor circuitry.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMotor skills learned through repetitive practice become stable and are consolidated into cortical motor circuits. We investigate neural substrates of this “motor memory consolidation” in adult songbirds, which produce songs that are complex motor skills learned and maintained through repetitive vocal practice. We demonstrate that learned changes in song acoustic structure are consolidated into the cortical motor circuits predominantly during daytime, but not during nighttime, depending on ongoing song performance. These consolidation mechanisms reconcile seemingly contradicting results of previous studies regarding the time course of vocal learning consolidation, and provide fundamental insights into the process through which learned performance of complex motor skills is consolidated and encoded in in motor circuits.
Preoperative planning of arterial chemoembolization with drug-saturated microspheres for women with recurrent pelvic tumors complicated by bleeding
Authors: Zvezdkina E. A. , Kedrova A. G. , Lebedev D.  P. , Greyan T. A. , Panchenkov D. N. , Stepanova Yu.  A. 
Published: January 2022

Arterial chemoembolization is an X-ray surgical method that is used for recurrent pelvic tumors complicated by bleeding. It combines occlusion of tumor vessels and local chemotherapy, for which a cytostatic and drug-saturated microspheres are used. To obtain a result, two conditions must be met: carefully close all tumor afferents, treat the maximum tumor volume with saturated microspheres.The aim of the work: to define the key points of preoperative planning for recurrent pelvic tumors in women in order to achieve reliable hemostasis and cytoreduction.An analysis of 17 women with recurrent tumors complicated by tumor bleeding is presented. The first group consisted of 7 patients in whom the uterus was not removed, the second group consisted of 10 patients with removed uterus. For preoperative planning, magnetic resonance imaging of pelvis and selective angiography of the branches of the anterior and posterior trunk of the internal iliac artery were used. The sources of blood supply to the tumor were different and depended on the localization of the process in the upper, middle, and lower levels of pelvis. Multidisciplinary planning made it possible to achieve reliable hemostasis in all cases, to prevent complications from the pelvic organs.
FILSAFAT JIWA IKHWAN AL-SHAFA SEBAGAI BASIS KONSEP PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Rum Muhamad 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membantah pernyataan kaum materialisme yang cenderung menolak keberadaan jiwa sebagai dimensi yang penting bagi manusia khususnya yang berkaitan dengan pendidikan. Adapun latar belakang masalahnya adalah aliran materialism menyatakan bahwa realitas fisiklah yang hakiki dan kelompok ini juga menolak adanya realitas immateri. Dalam kaitannya dengan pendidikan fisiklah yang berperan secara total dalam proses abstraksi. Dengan pendidikan dimaksudkan dapat menjadikan manusia semakin baik dan mampu meningkatkan ekonomi yang lebih baik pula. Disamping itu, Pendidikan kaum borjuis disebut sebagai proses produksi, yakni memproduksi pengetahuan, manusia yang bisa mereka gunakan dalam kehidupan kapitalisme. Tujuan pendidikan semacam ini akan mereduksi makna pendidikan sebagai sarana untuk mengembangkan kemampuan dan potensi yang dimiliki manusia. Potensi ruhaniah manusia akan terlupakan dan tidak penting untuk dikembang dengan maksimal. Oleh karenanya penulis menyanggah argumen diatas menggunakan pemikiran Ikhwan AL-Shafa yang menyatakan bahwa pendidikan pada dasarnya adalah proses aktualisasi potensi-potensi jiwa yang bertujuan untuk mendekatkan diri kepada sang pencipta. Jika keberhasilan pendidikan materialisme diukur dengan berhasilnya seseorang dalam peningkatan kualitas sosial dan meningkatkan kualitas hidupnya sedangkan keberhasilan pendidikan menurut Ikhwan Al-Shafa adalah apabila manusia mampu mencerminkan akhlak yang mulia dan semakin dekat dengan tuhannya. Metode yang penulis gunakan dalam penelitan ini adalah metode deskriptif dan analaisis dengan mengacu pada sumber-sumber primer Rasail Ikhwan Al-Shafa dan sekunder yang terkait dengan penelitian ini. Kesimpulan penelitaian ini adalah pendidikan tidak bisa dilepaskan dengan aspek immateri berupa jiwa yang mana segala potensi yang terdapat pada manusia bersumber pada potensi jiwa, selain itu jiwa juga menjadi penggerak raga dalam melaksanakan setiap aktifitasnya. Dengan demikian, jiwalah yang menjadi dasar dalam pendidikan manusia bukan berbasis pada materi.
ETOS KERJA PADA NOVEL PERSEMBAHAN TERUNTUK BAPAK KARYA ADI ZAMZAM DAN PEMANFAATANNYA SEBAGAI BAHAN AJAR DI SMA
Authors: Fauziah Cucu , Muhtarom Imam , Mujtaba Sahlan 
Published: January 2022

<p>Permasalahan yang timbul seperti kemiskinan, pengangguran, kesenjangan sosial dan lain-lain disebabkan oleh rendahnya etos kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan unsur-unsur intrinsik dan etos kerja pada novel <em>Persembahan Teruntuk Bapak</em> karya Adi Zamzam dan manfaatnya sebagai bahan ajar di SMA. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan subjek karya sastra yaitu novel karya Adi Zamzam yang berjudul <em>Persembahan Teruntuk Bapak</em>. Fokus yang diangkat pada penelitian ini yaitu berupa permasalahan yang berkaitan dengan etos kerja. Teknik pengumpulan data untuk penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik baca dan catat. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara reduksi data, penyajian data, dan kesimpulan atau verifikasi data. Data pada penelitian ini berupa kalimat dan paragraf narasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya etos kerja yang tinggi pada novel <em>Persembahan Teruntuk Bapak</em> yang tercermin melalui para tokoh di antaranya yaitu: pantang menyerah, sabar, tanggung jawab, kerja sama, kerja keras, terampil, jujur, disiplin dan bijaksana. Hasil penelitian ini memenuhi kriteria sebagai bahan ajar sastra kelas X di SMA, khususnya pada kompetensi dasar menulis teks novel melalui model <em>Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition</em> (CIRC). Kesimpulan penelitian ini sebagai berikut. Novel <em>Persembahan Teruntuk Bapak </em>menyajikan para tokoh utama yang memiliki etos kerja tinggi sehingga para guru dimungkinkan menggunakannya sebagai sumber pembelajaran sastra di SMA.</p>
Students’ Learning Outcomes and Activities: The Use of Video Conference during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Arieny Mutiara , Tibrani Mgs. Muhammad , Santri Didi Jaya 
Published: January 2022

<p>This research was motivated by problems during the covid-19 pandemic, it showed that the students’ activity and learning outcomes of the topic of Ecosystem at Public High School 10 Palembang remain low. Based on observations of the electronic learning process carried out at the school, the teacher mostly applies asynchronous learning, thus the interactivity between teacher and students is not performed well. This study aimed to find out the effect of using video conferencing on the topic of Ecosystem toward the activities and learning outcomes of students. This study was set up as a quasi-experiment, using a nonequivalent control group design with two groups. The experimental group (Grade 10 of MIA 2) which do e-learning using video conference and the control group (Grade 10 of MIA 4) where e-learning without using video conference. Both groups were selected randomly. Data collection instruments were learning activity observation sheets and biology learning outcomes tests. Learning activity was analyzed quantitatively, while the learning outcomes data were also run quantitatively on a prerequisite test, hypothesis testing and the N-gain test. The results show the average percentage of experimental class learning activities increased from 39.5% to 42.5% while the control class did not increase. The Ancova test showed a significance value of 0.000 or less than = 0.05 and the N-gain test was 0.36. Based on the results, the use of video conferencing on the topic of Ecosystem significantly affected the learning outcomes improvement.</p>
STUDI ANALISIS PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL IPA BERBASIS INKUIRI TERBIMBING DENGAN SUMBER BELAJAR POTENSI LOKAL TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN LITERASI SAINS
Authors: Herdiana Lilis Eka , Sunarno Widha , Indrowati Meti 
Published: January 2022

<p>Penelitian ini merupakan studi analisis terkait e-modul (elektroknik modul) berbasis inkuiri terbimbing yang memanfaatkan potensi lokal untuk meningkatkan kemampuan literasi sains siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan tahap awal menganalisis (<em>a</em><em>nalysis</em>) yang termasuk dalam model ADDIE. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner yang diisi online melalui <em>link</em> google form<em> </em>oleh guru dan siswa di beberapa sekolah di Kabupaten Ponorogo. Data yang didapatkan dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa 93% responden menyatakan perlu dan setuju apabila dilakukan pengembangan elektronik modul (e-modul) IPA berbasis inkuiri terbimbing dengan memanfaatkan sumber belajar potensi lokal untuk meningkatkan literasi sains siswa. Hasil studi analisis digunakan untuk rancangan pengembangan e-modul IPA berbasis inkuiri terbimbing dengan memanfaatkan sumber belajar potensi lokal Kabupaten Ponorogo, yaitu: Telaga Ngebel.</p>
Study of the Optimum Thermal Insulation Thickness of a Calorimeter Wound with Linen Insulation
Authors: THIAM Mame Fadiamé , FAYE Seydou , DIONE Babou 
Published: January 2022

In this article, the object of the study is focused on the influence of local insulating materials in the design of a calorific model for the conservation of hot water for a fixed period. The short hollow cylinder is wound with thermal insulation flax between the two walls of the cylindrical device to insulate the interior temperature. The objective of this study is to see the behavior of the thermal resistance of the material as a function of the insulation thickness. The cylinder is modeled by applying the transient analytical method with the heat equation. This analytical resolution of the thermal equation makes it possible to determine the detailed expression of the thermal resistance but also to visualize the evolution curves of this resistance according to the thickness of the insulation under the influence of the contact resistance thermal and heat exchange coefficient on the outside cylinder wall. The results obtained show that the optimum insulation thickness of linen at a temperature of 90 °C is 3.7 cm under the influence of the thermal resistance of the material and 4 cm under the influence of the exchange coefficients thermal.
Adverse Obstetric and Perinatal Outcomes in 2333 Singleton Pregnancies Conceived After Different Endometrial Preparation Protocols: a Retrospective Study in China
Authors: Yang Zexin , Bai Xuelian , Han Ying , Zou Zhangxiang , Fan Yazhen , Wang Xinyan , Luo Haining , Zhang Yunshan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Frozen-thawed embryo transfer is rising worldwide. One adverse effect of programmed frozen embryo transfer (FET) reported in some studies is an increased risk of adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes. Meanwhile, body mass index (BMI) also has adverse effect on obstetric and perinatal outcomes. In this study, we investigated that the influence of different endometrial preparation protocols on obstetric and perinatal outcomes and the role of BMI in it.Method: This retrospective study included 2333 singleton deliveries after frozen-thaw embryo transfer at our centre between 2014 and 2021, including 550 cycles with programmed FET, 1783 cycles with true natural cycle FET (tNC-FET). In further analysis according to BMI grouped by Asian criterion, group A (18.5kg/m2≤BMI<24.00kg/m2) included 1257 subjects, group B (24kg/m2≤BMI<28.00kg/m2) included 503 subjects and group C (BMI≥28 kg/m2) included 573 subjects. Baseline characteristics of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the association between obstetric and perinatal outcomes and endometrial preparation protocols.Results: There were no significant differences in the placenta previa, gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM), preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), cesarean section (CS) and macrosomia between the tNC-FET and programmed FET groups (P>0.05). The risk of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) was increased in programmed FET group compared with the tNC-FET group (7.3% vs 4.4%, crude OR 1.714[1.156-2.542]; adjusted OR 1.845[1.031-3.300]). After dividing the patients into three groups according to the BMI, the risk of HDP in group C (14.4% vs 6.2%，crude OR 2.545 [1.424-4.548]; adjusted OR 4.712 [1.769-12.547]) was increased in programmed FET group compared with the tNC-FET group. But there was no statistically significant difference in group A and group B. Programmed FET group compared with the tNC-FET group, the risk of HDP increase as the body mass index increase.Conclusion: This study showed a tendency toward increasing risk of HDP in programmed FET cycle compared with the tNC-FET cycle, and the risk of HPD increases as BMI increases. Increased risk of preterm birth and low birth weight is linked to increased risk of HPD.
The Effect of Mildly Stimulated Cycle Versus Artificial Cycle On Pregnancy Outcomes In Overweight/Obese Women With PCOS Prior To Frozen Embryo Transfer: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Guan Lu , Xiang Shan , Wu Haicui , Wei Chaofeng , Pang Conghui , Liu Danqi , Yu Xiaona , Lian Fang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have shown that frozen embryo transfer (FET) resulted in increased live birth rates (LBR) and reduced the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) than did fresh embryo transfer in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In addition, overweight/obese women with PCOS are at increased risk of subfertility and complications of pregnancy, compared with normal-weight women. The ovarian stimulation and artificial hormone regimes are the two more commonly used endometrial preparation protocols in PCOS patients.This retrospective study aims to compare the pregnancy outcomes of mildly stimulated cycles (mSTC) and artificial cycles (AC) prior to FET in overweight/obese women with PCOS. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted in overweight/obese women with PCOS who underwent their first FET cycles from January 2018 to December 2020. Two endometrial preparation protocols were used: the mildly stimulated cycles (N=173) and the artificial cycles (N=507). All pregnancy outcomes were analyzed by Student’s t-test, Chi-square (χ2) statistics and multivariable logistic regression analyses.Results: This study enrolled 680 cases of FET cycles. The mSTC group exhibited significantly higher LBR compared with the AC group (49.7% vs. 41.0%; P=0.046), while the rate of miscarriage was significantly lower (6.4% vs. 23.0%; P<0.001). No statistically significant differences were observed in positive pregnancy rate (57.8% vs. 60.0%, P=0.618), clinical pregnancy rate (54.3% vs. 55.6%, P=0.769), and ectopic pregnancy rate (2.1% vs. 3.2%, P=0.860) between two groups. After adjusting for possible confounding factors, multivariate logistic regression analysis also yielded similar results. Conclusions: For overweight/obese women with PCOS, mSTC-FET demonstrated a higher LBR and a lower pregnancy loss rate than that in the AC-FET. When considering the most cost-effective treatment with the least adverse effects on patients, the mSTC for FET endometrial preparation may be considered. To corroborate our findings, additional prospective randomized clinical trials with larger sample sizes are required.
Dual Effect of CB1R Antagonist on Motor and Psychological Behaviors in 6OHDA-Induced Parkinsonism Model: Probable Role of Ih Currents
Authors: Soti Monavareh , Ranjbar Hoda , Kohlmeier Kristi A. , Razavinasab Moazamehosadat , Masoumi-Ardakani Yaser , Shabani Mohammad 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Based on data from our lab and others, the endocannabinoid system (ECBS) appears to be involved in PD-related processes. Therefore, we compared the motor and non-motor effects of the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) WIN 55,212-2 (WIN) and selective antagonist (AM251), on motor and non-motor symptoms (NMS) of PD in a mice model generated by an intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). To provide further knowledge about the link of CB1R with hyperpolarization-activated current (Ih), we conducted ex vivo investigations in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). In the current study, pharmacological blockage of CB1R ameliorated explorative behaviors, balance, muscle strength, and passive avoidance memory deficits induced by 6-OHDA, however, anxious, and depressive-like behaviors were heightened. 6-OHDA exposure induced severe alterations in the spontaneous and evoked firing behavior of DA neurons as evidenced by a significant increase in the mean number of spikes and a decrease in half-width, respectively. Interestingly, an increase in the amplitude of the sag voltage and in the amplitude of the steady state Ih currents was seen. WIN exacerbated 6-OHDA-induced actions by further reducing the spike half-width and increasing the firing frequency, as well as increasing sEPSP amplitudes. The effects of 6-OHDA on sag voltage, Ih currents amplitude, and firing frequency were reversed by administration of AM251. These results suggest that ECBs might underlie some of the 6-OHDA-induced electrophysiological alterations in VTA DA neurons in this animal model of PD and antagonist of this receptor could be effective in modulating the devastating effects of 6-OHDA.
A self-developed MyD88 inhibitor across the blood-brain barrier fully reverses acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Li Zeyang , Zhao Minghui , Zhang Xiaoqian , Lu Yiran , Yang Yang , Xie Yalong , Zou Zhimiao , Zhou Liang , Shang Runshi , Zhang Limin , Jiang Fengchao , Du Dunfeng , Zhou Ping 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: The acute ischemia-reperfusion injury that occurs after an ischemic stroke is almost inevitable. In treating ischemic stroke, the prevention and treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) is an undeniable difficulty clinically. Despite increasing studies being done on the subject, medicines showing effective neurological improvements after reperfusion is still minimal. This study aims to investigate the effects of a self-developed MyD88 inhibitor (TJ-M2010-5) on CIRI and its mechanism.Methods: The middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was used to simulate CIRI in mice. BV-2 cells were cultured for the mechanism study by LPS stimulation in vitro. Neurological deficit score and cerebral infarction volume were studied. Immunofluorescence staining was used to measure neuronal damage and apoptosis in the brain. The anti-inflammation effect of TJ-M2010-5 was evaluated by analyzing the expression of inflammatory cytokines, activation of microglia and infiltration of peripheral myeloid cells. The expression of TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB signaling pathway protein was detected by Simple Western. The concentrations of TJ-M2010-5 in blood and brain were analyzed by LC-MS methods.Results: The cerebral infarction volume decreased in mice treated with TJ-M2010-5, with the most prominent decrease in approximately 80% of the original infarction volume. Moreover, the downregulation of apoptosis and NeuN protein expression in the brain of infarction area further indicated that neuronal damage was alleviated. TJ-M2010-5 treatment also reduced the infiltration ratio of peripheral myeloid cells in the cerebral infarction area and increased the proportion of inactive microglia. The inflammatory cytokines decreased after TJ-M2010-5 treatment in infarction area and supernatant. TJ-M2010-5 downregulated the expression of iNOS and inhibited TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. In addition, TJ-M2010-5 could freely pass through the blood-brain barrier.Conclusions: TJ-M2010-5 has shown to have an excellent therapeutic effect on CIRI by inhibiting TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB signaling pathway to decrease excessive inflammatory response, showing the potential to change the history that there is no effective medicine for the treatment of CIRI. and also has the potential to be utilized in brain neuroinflammatory diseases.
Man Invades Nature: Tracing the dynamics and trends of anthropogenic stressors within a coastal wetland environment
Authors: Okyere Emmanuel Yeboah , Adu-Boahen Kofi , Dadson Ishmael Yaw , Boanu Nelson Yeboah , MENSAH BISMARK 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The coastal areas contain some of the most valuable resources on earth that are constantly under threat due to human development. Notable among these resources are wetlands, a delicate but beneficial asset to the coastal dweller. This paper studied growth of Winneba city into the Muni Lagoon catchment as well as its associated effects on the ramsar site. The study used satellite images for the years 1990, 2000 and 2019 to model encroachment within the catchment over the 30- year period. Stakeholders were purposively selected and interviewed to gain insight into the subject under discussion. The study revealed that there is high rate of encroachment occurring within the lagoon catchment evidenced in the form of residential structures and agricultural activities. The rate of encroachment has almost quintupled within the period under study. These activities have led to some parts of the feeder streams of the lagoon drying up. The encroachment has been successful as a result of lack of clearly defined boundaries showing the extent of the wetland. The study recommends that all the stakeholder should come together and work with Wildlife Division of the Forestry Commission to establish boundaries of the wetland beyond which anthropogenic activities should not be allowed.