bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In situ single crystal growth of tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphate, (Me3SiO)3PO
Authors: Nickelsen Jasper , van Gerven David , Wickleder Mathias S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract(Me3SiO)3PO has been prepared by the reaction of Na[H2PO4] and (Me3Si)Cl. Crystallization of the liquid was successful using an Optical Heating and Crystallization Device (OHCD) and allow the determination of the crystal structure of the compound (monoclinic, P21, Z=4), a=1016.67(6) pm, b=1053.70(6) pm, c=1759.2(1) pm, β=91.916(2)°, wR2=0.0979). The molecular structure shows the phosphorous atom tetrahedrally coordinated by three (Me3SiO) groups and one oxygen atom. The compound can be seen as a missing link between the related cation and anion [(Me3SiO)4P]+ and [(Me3SiO)2PO2]−, respectively.
How Canada’s Data Ecosystem Offers Insights on the Options for Studying Migration in an Unprecedented Era of Information
Authors: Ramos Howard , Haan Michael 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn an era in which unprecedented data on migration are collected, accessing and using it, as well as understanding the kinds of questions that can be engaged with it, often are under-examined. In this chapter, using the Canadian case, we assess how census and survey data collected by national statistics agencies, administrative data, and other data sources can be used in an unprecedented era of migration and data gathering. The chapter explores issues of data access, consistency of units of analysis and concepts, technical skill deficits, and what is missed in existing data sources. Finally, we assess the need for creating data spines and common protocols. Overall, we offer insights from our navigation of the Canadian data ecosystem and a practical assessment of what can be done with different types of data regarding the researching of migration and immigrant settlement.
Emerging Technologies
Authors: Küfeoğlu Sinan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis chapter presents brief descriptions and working principles of 34 emerging technologies which have market diffusion and are commercially available. Emerging technologies are the ones whose development and application areas are still expanding fast, and their technical and value potential is still largely unrealised. In alphabetical order, the emerging technologies that we list in this chapter are 3D printing, 5G, advanced materials, artificial intelligence, autonomous things, big data, biometrics, bioplastics, biotech and biomanufacturing, blockchain, carbon capture and storage, cellular agriculture, cloud computing, crowdfunding, cybersecurity, datahubs, digital twins, distributed computing, drones, edge computing, energy storage, flexible electronics and wearables, healthcare analytics, hydrogen, Internet of Behaviours, Internet of Things, natural language processing, quantum computing, recycling, robotic process automation, robotics, soilless farming, spatial computing and wireless power transfer.
SDG-3 Good Health and Well-Being
Authors: Küfeoğlu Sinan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThere is a consensus that health is a fundamental human right. The extent of the countries seeking to improve the health conditions of their people is one of the indications of sustainable development. Poor health systems jeopardise a country’s citizens’ rights, hinder their involvement in educational programs, limit their ability to participate in economic activities and engage in meaningful work fully and ultimately raise poverty regardless of gender. This chapter presents the business models of 55 companies and use cases that employ emerging technologies and create value in SDG-3, Good Health and Well-Being. We should highlight that one use case can be related to more than one SDG and it can make use of multiple emerging technologies.
SDG-7 Affordable and Clean Energy
Authors: Küfeoğlu Sinan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractReaching affordable, clean, sustainable, modern and reliable energy is the main aim of the Sustainable Development Goal 7. Energy is placed at the centre of environmental and economic issues. Despite this significance, 20% of people living worldwide cannot access electricity in 2021. Adaptation towards SDG-7, Affordable and Clean Energy, brings in new investments and creates a significant economy around it. While private investments and government spending in developed countries concentrate on achieving efficiency and renewable energy production, developing countries focus on obtaining access to electricity and clean energy sources. This chapter presents the business models of 60 companies and use cases that employ emerging technologies and create value in SDG-7. We should highlight that one use case can be related to more than one SDG and it can make use of multiple emerging technologies.
Hebel und Handlungsfelder für die digitale Transformation in der Automobilindustrie am Beispiel der Porsche AG
Authors: Maier-Borst M. , Gassert P. , Adrianowytsch K. , Floetgen R. J. , Krcmar H. 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Porsche AG steht seit Jahrzehnten weltweit für den Bau hochwertiger Sportwagen, die mit einem einzigartigen Fahrerlebnis zu überzeugen wissen. Dennoch stehen der gesamten Automobilbranche in diesem Jahrzehnt tief greifende Veränderungen bevor. Der Megatrend des 21. Jahrhunderts, die Digitalisierung, stellt dabei sowohl die Produkte als auch etablierte Organisationsstrukturen auf den Prüfstand. Aus diesem Anlass werden in dieser Fallstudie durch die eingehende Betrachtung des Zusammenspiels zwischen der digital-affinen Tochtergesellschaft, der Porsche Digital GmbH, und dem Mutterkonzern, der Porsche AG, branchenspezifische Erkenntnisse zur Bewältigung der digitalen Transformation in der Automobilindustrie abgeleitet.
Digitale Transformation bei ARRI – Das Beispiel der Filmdistribution in der Kinobranche
Authors: Nguyen M.-L. , Faltermeier F. , Schäffner M. , Möslein D. , Pfister D. , Floetgen R. J. , Krcmar H. 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungGegenstand dieses Fallbeispiels aus dem Jahr 2017 war es, dasARRI Fusion Networkzu einer zentralen Plattform in der Filmdistribution auszubauen. DasFusion Networkdient momentan hauptsächlich zur Verwaltung von Spielstätten und Filmdistribution. ARRI Media steht als Intermediär zwischen den Filmverleihern und den Spielstätten und ist verantwortlich für die Distribution der Filme. Dem Verleiher stehen zur Übertragung der Aufträge mehrere Wege, wie die Beauftragung imARRI Fusion Network,zur Verfügung. Somit ist der Verleiher der zahlende Kunde von ARRI: Die aktuelle Distribution der Filme mit einer Festplatte über einen Lieferservice ist durch den geringen Automatisierungsgrad sehr aufwendig. Filme müssen auf Festplatten kopiert, physisch versendet, am Zielort eingespielt und die Festplatte wieder zurückversendet werden. Dadurch entsteht viel manueller Aufwand, der mit einereDelivery-Lösung deutlich reduziert werden könnte. Das Versenden der Filme übereDeliverysieht den Einsatz von Internet- oder Satellitenverbindungen vor. Allerdings isteDeliveryaufgrund eines unzureichenden Breitbandausbaus in Deutschland und zu teurer Betriebskosten noch nicht rentabel. Die neue Plattform soll Filmverleiher und Kinobetreiber näher zusammenrücken lassen und die Position von ARRI in der Filmdistribution stärken.
Der Begriff der digitalen Transformation: Ein transdisziplinärer Literaturüberblick
Authors: Riasanow T. , Soto Setzke D. , Böhm M. , Krcmar H. 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungWir bezeichnen den Prozess der organisatorischen Transformation durch den Einsatz digitaler Technologien zur radikalen Umgestaltung von Organisationen als digitale Transformation. Jedoch herrschen innerhalb und zwischen der Management-, Organisations- und Information-Systems-Literatur noch erhebliche Inkonsistenzen bezüglich der Merkmale der digitalen Transformation einer Organisation. Daher haben wir eine transdisziplinäre Recherche von 175 Artikeln zu digitaler Transformation durchgeführt. Als Ergebnis haben wir zwölf Denkschulen identifiziert, die das Phänomen der digitalen Transformation diskutieren. Wir zeigen, dass die digitale Transformation auf bestehenden und neuen Denkansätzen aufbaut, wie beispielsweise digitale Innovation und Ökosysteme.
Studie zu den Auswirkungen der Corona-Pandemie in gesellschaftlicher, wirtschaftlicher und technologischer Hinsicht
Authors: Krcmar H. , Wintermann O. 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungIn einem 10-tägigen Zeitraum Mitte April 2020 nahmen insgesamt 211 Digitalisierungs-, Technologie- und KI-Experten aus Deutschland an der Online-Befragung teil.
Digitale Geschäftsmodelle
Authors: Strunz-Happe V. , Böttcher T. , Weking J. , Krcmar H. 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDie digitale Transformation hat grundlegende Auswirkungen auf die Geschäftsmodelle von Unternehmen. Das Geschäftsmodell beschreibt eine taktische Ebene zwischen der Unternehmensstrategie und den Geschäftsprozessen. Es definiert die Logik, die ein Wertversprechen für den Kunden artikuliert, sowie eine tragfähige Struktur von Einnahmen und Kosten für das Unternehmen, das diesen Wert liefert. Durch die digitale Transformation werden digitale Technologien essenziell für den Unternehmenserfolg und erzeugen digitale Geschäftsmodelle, in denen digitale Technologie in der Infrastuktur, der Kundenschnittstelle und dem Wertversprechen eingesetzt wird. Um die Transformation der Geschäftsmodelle zu verstehen, definieren wir in diesem Beitrag zunächst das Geschäftsmodell und seine Elemente. Wir beschreiben danach Klassifizierungen und Erfolgsfaktoren in der Geschäftsmodellentwicklung. Daran anschließend erläutern wir, wie digitale Technologien in digitalen Geschäftsmodellen genutzt werden. Wir betrachten dann sowohl die Auswirkung der digitalen Technologien auf Geschäftsmodelle als auch die Auswirkungen digitaler Geschäftsmodelle zum Beispiel auf die Unternehmensleistung oder Industrielogiken. Abschließend erläutern wir noch die Rolle von Geschäftsmodellinnovationen, die nötig sind, um Geschäftsmodelle, zum Beispiel durch die Integration digitaler Technologien, zu verändern.
Digitale Transformation an der Charité Berlin – ERIC: Enhanced Recovery after Intensive Care
Authors: Engel P. , Hong S. L. , Mielenz M. , Vrettos K. , Floetgen R. J. , Krcmar H. 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDas deutsche Gesundheitssystem steht vor dem wachsenden Problem des Post-Intensive-Care-Syndroms. Dieses Krankheitsbild führt zu signifikanten medizinischen Beeinträchtigungen bei Patienten der Intensivmedizin und dadurch zu enormen wirtschaftlichen Belastungen des deutschen Gesundheitssystems, begründet durch die Kosten der Behandlung des Post-Intensive-Care-Syndroms. Als Reaktion auf dieses Problem hat die Charité Berlin die ERIC-Initiative (Enhanced Recovery after Intensive Care) ins Leben gerufen, um über Tele-Visiten zwischen Ärzt*innen der Charité Berlin und der Belegschaft in Partnerkrankenhäusern aktuelle medizinische Evidenz an das Krankenbett zu bringen. Dadurch konnte nachweislich die Fallzahl des Post-Intensive-Care-Syndroms reduziert werden. Damit ist die ERIC-Initiative ein Vorstoß der Digitalen Transformation im deutschen Gesundheitssystem. Diese Digitalisierungsinitiative begegnet verschiedenen Herausforderungen, welche in dieser Arbeit adressiert werden. Dafür wurden 18 Interviews mit verschiedenen Akteuren der ERIC-Initiative geführt und ausgewertet sowie die Herausforderungen identifiziert. Dabei konnten gerade softwarespezifische Probleme herausgestellt werden, die sich in der heterogenen Infrastruktur der Krankenhäuser und der fehlenden technischen Standardisierung begründen. Neben diesen führen auch fehlende IT-Kompetenzen und das Übersehen wichtiger Stakeholder-Perspektiven zu Beeinträchtigungen der Nutzung des ERIC-Systems. Im Rahmen dieses Beitrags werden zunächst die Herausforderungen dargestellt, um anschließend auf die abgeleiteten Lösungen in Form von „Lessons Learned“ einzugehen, die abschließend wiederum in ein holistisches Bild eingebettet werden, um deren konkrete Implementierung zu intensivieren.
NNLO event generation for $$ pp\to Zh\to {\mathrm{\ell}}^{+}{\mathrm{\ell}}^{-}b\overline{b} $$ production in the SM effective field theory
Authors: Haisch Ulrich , Scott Darren J. , Wiesemann Marius , Zanderighi Giulia , Zanoli Silvia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We consider associated Zh production with Z → ℓ+ℓ− and $$ h\to b\overline{b} $$
h
→
b

b
¯

decays in hadronic collisions. In the framework of the Standard Model effective field theory (SMEFT) we calculate the QCD corrections to this process and achieve next-to-next-to-leading order plus parton shower (NNLO+PS) accuracy using the MiNNLOPS method. This precision is obtained for a subset of six SMEFT operators, including the corrections from effective Yukawa- and chromomagnetic dipole-type interactions. Missing higher-order QCD effects associated with the considered dimension-six operators are estimated to have a relative numerical impact of less than a percent on the total rate once existing experimental limits on the relevant Wilson coefficients are taken into account. We provide a dedicated Monte Carlo (MC) code that evaluates the NNLO SMEFT corrections on-the-fly in the event generation. This MC generator is used to study the numerical impact of NNLO+PS corrections on the kinematic distributions in $$ pp\to Zh\to {\mathrm{\ell}}^{+}{\mathrm{\ell}}^{-}b\overline{b} $$
pp
→
Zh
→

ℓ
+

ℓ
−

b

b
¯

production employing simple SMEFT benchmark scenarios. We identify the invariant mass $$ {m}_{b\overline{b}} $$

m

b

b
¯

of the two b-tagged jets as well as the three-invariant jet mass $$ {m}_{b\overline{b}j} $$

m

b

b
¯

j

as particularly interesting observables to study SMEFT effects. These distributions receive contributions that change both their normalisation and shape with the latter modifications depending on the exact jet definition. To our knowledge SMEFT effects of this type have so far not been discussed in the literature. The presented MC generator can also serve as a starting point to obtain NNLO+PS accuracy for a suitable enlarged set of effective operators in the future.
Evaluation of validity and reliability of video analysis and live observations to assess trauma team performance
Authors: van Maarseveen Oscar E. C. , Ham Wietske H. W. , van Cruchten Stijn , Duhoky Rauand , Leenen Luke P. H. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction
A trauma resuscitation is dynamic and complex process in which failures could lead to serious adverse events. In several trauma centers, evaluation of trauma resuscitation is part of a hospital’s quality assessment program. While video analysis is commonly used, some hospitals use live observations, mainly due to ethical and medicolegal concerns. The aim of this study was to compare the validity and reliability of video analysis and live observations to evaluate trauma resuscitations.

Methods
In this prospective observational study, validity was assessed by comparing the observed adherence to 28 advanced trauma life support (ATLS) guideline related tasks by video analysis to life observations. Interobserver reliability was assessed by calculating the intra class coefficient of observed ATLS related tasks by live observations and video analysis.

Results
Eleven simulated and thirteen real-life resuscitations were assessed. Overall, the percentage of observed ATLS related tasks performed during simulated resuscitations was 10.4% (P < 0.001) higher when the same resuscitations were analysed using video compared to live observations. During real-life resuscitations, 8.7% (p < 0.001) more ATLS related tasks were observed using video review compared to live observations. In absolute terms, a mean of 2.9 (during simulated resuscitations) respectively 2.5 (during actual resuscitations) ATLS-related tasks per resuscitation were not identified using live observers, that were observed through video analysis. The interobserver variability for observed ATLS related tasks was significantly higher using video analysis compared to live observations for both simulated (video analysis: ICC 0.97; 95% CI 0.97–0.98 vs. live observation: ICC 0.69; 95% CI 0.57–0.78) and real-life witnessed resuscitations (video analyse 0.99; 95% CI 0.99–1.00 vs live observers 0.86; 95% CI 0.83–0.89).

Conclusion
Video analysis of trauma resuscitations may be more valid and reliable compared to evaluation by live observers. These outcomes may guide the debate to justify video review instead of live observations.
Glycosaminoglycan signatures in body fluids of mucopolysaccharidosis type II mouse model under long-term enzyme replacement therapy
Authors: Maccari Francesca , Rigon Laura , Mantovani Veronica , Galeotti Fabio , Salvalaio Marika , D’Avanzo Francesca , Zanetti Alessandra , Capitani Federica , Gabrielli Orazio , Tomanin Rosella , Volpi Nicola 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) is a neurometabolic disorder, due to the deficit of the lysosomal hydrolase iduronate 2-sulfatase (IDS). This leads to a severe clinical condition caused by a multi-organ accumulation of the glycosaminoglycans (GAGs/GAG) heparan- and dermatan-sulfate, whose elevated levels can be detected in body fluids. Since 2006, enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) has been clinically applied, showing efficacy in some peripheral districts. In addition to clinical monitoring, GAG dosage has been commonly used to evaluate ERT efficacy. However, a strict long-term monitoring of GAG content and composition in body fluids has been rarely performed. Here, we report the characterization of plasma and urine GAGs in Ids knock-out (Ids-ko) compared to wild-type (WT) mice, and their changes along a 24-week follow-up, with and without ERT. The concentration of heparan-sulfate (HS), chondroitin-sulfate (CS), and dermatan-sulfate (DS), and of the non-sulfated hyaluronic acid (HA), together with their differentially sulfated species, was quantified by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence. In untreated Ids-ko mice, HS and CS + DS were noticeably increased at all time points, while during ERT follow-up, a substantial decrease was evidenced for HS and, to a minor extent, for CS + DS. Moreover, several structural parameters were altered in untreated ko mice and reduced after ERT, however without reaching physiological values. Among these, disaccharide B and HS 2s disaccharide showed to be the most interesting candidates as biomarkers for MPS II. GAG chemical signature here defined provides potential biomarkers useful for an early diagnosis of MPS II, a more accurate follow-up of ERT, and efficacy evaluations of newly proposed therapies.

Key messages

Plasmatic and urinary GAGs are useful markers for MPS II early diagnosis and prognosis.

CE-LIF allows GAG structural analysis and the quantification of 17 different disaccharides.

Most GAG species increase and many structural features are altered in MPS II mouse model.

GAG alterations tend to restore to wild-type levels following ERT administration.

CS+DS/HS ratio, % 2,4dis CS+DS, and % HS 2s are potential markers for MPS II pathology and ERT efficacy.
Machine learning tools in production engineering
Authors: Rom Michael , Brockmann Matthias , Herty Michael , Iacomini Elisa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMachine learning methods have shown potential for the optimization of production processes. Due to the complex relationships often inherent in those processes, the success of such methods is often uncertain and unreliable. Therefore, understanding the (algorithmic) behavior and results of machine learning methods is crucial to improve the prediction of production processes. Here, mathematical tools may help. This paper shows how efficient algorithms for the training of neural networks and their retraining in the framework of transfer learning are expressed in a discrete as well as a time-continuous formulation. The latter can be analyzed and investigated using mathematical techniques from kinetic gas dynamics. The results obtained provide a first step towards explainable artificial intelligence. Based on the mathematical description, an adapted ensemble method for retraining of neural networks is proposed and compared with backpropagation algorithms. The process of training and retraining is a common task and therefore demonstrated for two very different production processes. The first one involves the prediction of specific cutting forces and the second one the prediction of particle properties in a plasma spraying coating process. For both use cases, the presented algorithms are applied and their performance is evaluated giving thereby an indication how mathematically inspired methods improve classical tasks in production processes.
Acute Abdominal Complications in Deeply Neutropenic Onco‐Hematology Patients: A Retrospective Series of 105 Cases
Authors: Siebert Matthieu , Lucas Nolwenn , Gelli Maximiliano , sourrouille Isabelle , Benhaïm Léonor , Faron Matthieu , Micol Jean‐Baptiste , Ducreux Michel , Stoclin Annabelle , Honoré Charles 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundAcute abdominal complications (AAC) in patients with deep neutropenia (DN) is challenging to manage because of the expected influence of AAC on oncological prognosis and higher surgical complication rate in a period of DN. In practice, these parameters are difficult to appreciate. This study reported our experience in managing these patients.MethodsAll consecutive patients treated in our tertiary care cancer center between 2010 and 2020 who developed AAC in the context of a DN were retrospectively analyzed. AAC was defined as an infection (intra‐abdominal, perineal, or cutaneous), bowel obstruction, or intra‐abdominal hemorrhage.FindingsAmong 105 patients, 18 (17%) required emergent surgery (group 1), 34 patients had a complication requiring surgical oversight (group 2), and 53 patients had a non‐surgical etiology (group 3). Fifteen patients underwent surgery in the group 1, three in group 2, and one in group 3. Overall, 28 patients died during hospitalization. Mortality was statistically different between the groups (p = 0·01), with a higher rate in group 1 (n = 9/18, 50%) than in group 2 (n = 11/34, 32%) and group 3 (n = 8/53, 15%). All groups together had a median overall survival (OS) of 14 months and disease‐free survival (DFS) of 10 months. OS was not comparable between the groups, and the median length of survival in group 1 was 6 months versus 8 months in group 2 and 23 months in group 3. In group 1, five patients (5/18, 28%) did not relapse at the end of the follow‐up compared to 13 in group 2 (13/34, 38%) and 25 in group 3 (25/53, 47%). After discharge, OS and DFS were similar between the groups.InterpretationThe advent of an AAC necessitating surgery in the context of DN is a deadly event associated with a 50% mortality; nonetheless, in case of unpostponable emergencies, surgery can provide long‐term survival in selected patients.