bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sphingosine‐1‐phosphate improves outcome of no‐reflow acute myocardial infarction via sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor 1
Authors: Polzin Amin , Dannenberg Lisa , Benkhoff Marcel , Barcik Maike , Keul Petra , Ayhan Aysel , Weske Sarah , Ahlbrecht Samantha , Trojovsky Kajetan , Helten Carolin , Haberkorn Sebastian , Flögel Ulrich , Zeus Tobias , Müller Tina , Gräler Markus H. , Kelm Malte , Levkau Bodo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimsTherapeutic options targeting post‐ischaemic cardiac remodelling are sparse. The bioactive sphingolipid sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) reduces ischaemia/reperfusion injury. However, its impact on post‐ischaemic remodelling independently of its infarct size (IS)‐reducing effect is yet unknown and was addressed in this study.Methods and resultsAcute myocardial infarction (AMI) in mice was induced by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending artery (LAD). C57Bl6 were treated with the S1P lyase inhibitor 4‐deoxypyridoxine (DOP) starting 7 days prior to AMI to increase endogenous S1P concentrations. Cardiac function and myocardial healing were assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI), murine echocardiography, histomorphology, and gene expression analysis. DOP effects were investigated in cardiomyocyte‐specific S1P receptor 1 deficient (S1PR1 Cardio Cre+) and Cre− control mice and S1P concentrations measured by LC‐MS/MS. IS and cardiac function did not differ between control and DOP‐treated groups on day one after LAD‐ligation despite fourfold increase in plasma S1P. In contrast, cardiac function was clearly improved and myocardial scar size reduced, respectively, on Day 21 in DOP‐treated mice. The latter also exhibited smaller cardiomyocyte size and reduced embryonic gene expression. The benefit of DOP treatment was abolished in S1PR1 Cardio Cre+.ConclusionsS1P improves cardiac function and myocardial healing post AMI independently of initial infarct size and accomplishes this via the cardiomyocyte S1PR1. Hence, in addition to its beneficial effects on I/R injury, S1PR1 may be a promising target in post‐infarction myocardial remodelling as adjunctive therapy to revascularization as well as in patients not eligible for standard interventional procedures.
A construction of post quantum secure and signal leakage resistant authenticated key agreement protocol for mobile communication
Authors: Kumar Uddeshaya , Garg Manish , Kumari Saru , Dharminder Dharminder 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMobile communication is very important for an individual users, enterprisers, industries, businesses, and organizations. Since the nodes communicate through a public channel, security, and privacy become essential component for mobile communication. Both key exchange and authentication are two important security attributes to establish secure communication between two parties. In the past few years, various post‐quantum secure authentication protocols have been designed, but we have found that either some of the protocols are vulnerable to stolen smart card attack, invalid login, or signal leakage attack. In this article, we have discussed how the protocol Dharminder et al (Dharminder D, Chandran KP. J Ambient Intell Humaniz Comput. 2020; 11:4089‐4100.) is vulnerable to modified version of signal leakage attack, and sometimes called improved signal leakage attack. We have also suggested a remedy over the current existing protocol suffering from signal leakage attacks. The proposed protocol is secure against quantum attacks. We have proved the security of the proposed protocol under ring learning with errors assumption. The proposed authentication and key agreement needs only two messages exchange. We have also found the proposed is efficient in terms of computation with respect to relevant protocols.
Publishing child development research from around the world: An unfair playing field resulting in most of the world's child population under‐represented in research
Authors: Draper Catherine E. , Barnett Lisa M. , Cook Caylee J. , Cuartas Jorge A. , Howard Steven J. , McCoy Dana C. , Merkley Rebecca , Molano Andres , Maldonado‐Carreño Carolina , Obradović Jelena , Scerif Gaia , Valentini Nadia C. , Venetsanou Fotini , Yousafzai Aisha K. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIt has become increasingly apparent that publishing research on child development from certain countries is especially challenging. These countries have been referred to collectively as the Majority World, the Global South, non‐WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrial, Rich, and Democratic), or low‐ and middle‐income countries. The aim of this paper is to draw attention to these persistent challenges, and provide constructive recommendations to contribute to better representation of children from these countries in child development research. In this paper, we outline the history of publication bias in developmental science, and issues of generalization of research from these countries and hence where it ‘fits’ in terms of publishing. The importance of explaining context is highlighted, including for research on measurement child development outcomes, and attention is drawn to the vicious publication‐funding cycle that further exacerbates the challenges of publishing this research. Specific recommendations are made to assist child development journals achieve their stated goals of creating a more inclusive, equitable, diverse, and global field of child development.
The role of HMGB1/RAGE/TLR4 signaling pathways in cigarette smoke‐induced inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Lin Ling , Li Jing , Song Qing , Cheng Wei , Chen Ping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common chronic respiratory disease with irreversible and continuous progression. It has become the fifth most burdensome disease and the third most deadly disease globally. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of COPD are urgent, and it is also important to clarify the pathogenesis of it. Smoking is the main and most common risk factor for COPD. Cigarette smoke (CS) can cause lung inflammation and other pathological mechanisms in the airways and lung tissue. Airway inflammation is one of the important mechanisms leading to the pathogenesis of COPD. Recent studies have shown that high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is involved in the occurrence and development of respiratory diseases, including COPD. HMGB1 is a typical damage‐associated molecular pattern (DAMP) protein, which mainly exerts its activity by binding to the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) and further participate in the process of airway inflammation. Studies have shown that the abnormal expression of HMGB1, RAGE, and TLR4 are related to inflammation in COPD. Herein, we discuss the roles of HMGB1, RAGE, and TLR4 in CS/cigarette smoke extract‐induced inflammation in COPD, providing a new target for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of COPD.
Review of maternal death audits in refugee camps in UNHCR East and Horn of Africa and Great Lakes Region, 2017–2019
Authors: van Boekholt Tessa A. , Moturi Edna , Hölscher Hannah , Schulte‐Hillen Catrin , Tappis Hannah , Burton Ann 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo review the quality of maternal death audits and identify factors contributing to refugee maternal deaths in the East and Horn of Africa.MethodsMaternal death audits submitted to The UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) from 2017 to 2019 in 43 refugee camps in eight countries were analyzed for completeness, obstetric history, cause of death, and contributing factors.ResultsA total of 191 refugee maternal death audits were retrieved. The mean age of the deceased was 28 years (range, 15–45 years), and 13% were adolescents and 17% were of advanced maternal age. Most patients (55%) were grand multigravida (≥5 pregnancies). The majority (86%) attended antenatal care visits, with 51% attending four or more visits. Among women who delivered (n = 140), 91% were facility‐based deliveries. Most (68%) deaths occurred postpartum. Obstetric hemorrhage (49%) was the leading direct cause of death (with 77 cases of postpartum hemorrhage), followed by hypertensive disorder (19%) and infection (15%). Delays in care were identified in 185 (97%) cases. Delays in receiving care were more prevalent (81%) than in seeking (61%) and reaching (26%) care.ConclusionFactors contributing to delays in receiving care highlight the capacity gaps in provision of emergency obstetric care, including management of postpartum hemorrhage, requiring urgent additional investments. Audit findings also show the need for attention and action towards family planning, contraception, and adolescent sexual and reproductive health services.
Identification and management of cancer cachexia in patients: Assessment of healthcare providers' knowledge and practice gaps
Authors: Baracos Vickie E. , Coats Andrew J. , Anker Stefan D. , Sherman Lawrence , Klompenhouwer Tatiana ,   International Advisory Board, and Regional Advisory Boards for North America, Europe, and Japan
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundCancer cachexia negatively impacts patient outcomes, quality of life and survival. Identification and management of cancer cachexia remains challenging to healthcare professionals (HCPs). The aim of this assessment was to identify current gaps in HCPs' knowledge and practice for identifying and managing adults with cancer‐related cachexia. Results may guide development of new educational programmes to close identified gaps and improve outcomes of cancer patients.MethodsAn international assessment was conducted using a mixed‐methods approach including focus group interviews with subject matter experts and an electronic survey of practising HCP. The assessment was led by the Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders (SCWD) and was supported by in‐country collaborating organizations.ResultsA quantitative survey of 58 multiple‐choice questions was completed by physicians, nurses dietitians and other oncology HCP (N = 2375). Of all respondents, 23.7% lacked confidence in their ability to provide care for patients with cancer cachexia. Patients with gastrointestinal, head and neck, pulmonary cancers and leukaemia/lymphoma were reported as those at highest risk for cachexia. Only 29.1% of respondents recognized a key criterion of cancer cachexia as >5% weight loss from baseline, but many (14.4%) did not utilize a standardized definition of cancer cachexia. Despite this, most clinicians (>84%) were able to identify causes of weight loss—reduced oral intake, progressive disease, side effects of therapy and disease‐related inflammation. Of all respondents, 52.7% indicated newly diagnosed patients with cancer should be screened for weight loss. In practice, 61.9% reported that patient weight was systematically tracked over time, but only 1125 (47.4%) reported they weigh their cancer patients at each visit. Treatment of cachexia focused on increasing the patient's nutritional intake by oral nutritional supplements (64.2%), energy and protein fortified foods (60.3%) and counselling by a dietitian (57.1%). Whereas many respondents (37.3%) considered cachexia inevitable, most (79.2%) believed that an interprofessional team approach could improve care and that use of standardized tools is critical.ConclusionsFindings from this international assessment highlight the challenges associated with the care of patients with cancer cachexia, opportunities for interventions to improve patient outcomes and areas of variance in care that would benefit from further analysis.
Peak treadmill exercise echocardiography for ischemia detection
Authors: Peteiro Jesus 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOf the stress echocardiographic methods, exercise should be the first choice for patients able to exercise, according to guidelines. Among ExE modalities, treadmill ExE with acquisition of images at peak exercise has several advantages, including high sensitivity and prognostic value. Overall, sensitivity of ExE is around 80%–85%, although figures for peak imaging on the treadmill are 85%–90%. Despite it, guidelines do not mention this method.
A Phase 3 clinical trial validating the potency and safety of an innovative, extra‐long‐acting interferon in chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Chen Chi‐Yi , Chuang Wan‐Long , Qin Albert , Zhang Wen‐Hua , Zhu Li‐Ying , Zhang Guo‐Qiang , Chen Jyh‐Jou , Lo Ching‐Chu , Zhou Xinmin , Mao Xiaorong , Shang Jia , Kuo Hsing‐Tao , Xie Wen , Chen Chien‐Hung , Lo Gin‐Ho , Jun Dae W , Dang Shuangsuo , Tsai Chan‐Yen , Wang Ting‐Fang , Lai Hsin‐Hui , Tseng Kuan‐Chiao , Huang Yi‐Wen , Chen Pei‐Jer 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and AimRopeginterferon alfa‐2b is a novel mono‐pegylated, extra‐long‐acting interferon. It is administered infrequently and showed good tolerability and clinical activity for the chronic hepatitis B or C treatment in our previous Phase 2 clinical trials. This study aims to validate the potency and safety of this novel agent in a Phase 3 chronic viral hepatitis setting.MethodsPatients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 2 were randomized to receive subcutaneous injections of ropeginterferon alfa‐2b biweekly or the conventional pegylated interferon alfa‐2b weekly for 24 weeks, combined with ribavirin. The primary endpoint was to assess the safety and antiviral potency of ropeginterferon alfa‐2b by the non‐inferiority in sustained virologic response at 12 weeks after treatment.ResultsA total of 222 patients were enrolled. Ropeginterferon alfa‐2b group showed a favorable safety profile. Side effects that were generally associated with prior interferon therapies, including neutropenia, asthenia, fatigue, alopecia, dizziness, decreased appetite, nausea, flu‐like symptoms including myalgia, pyrexia, and headache, and administration site reactions, were notably less in the ropeginterferon alfa‐2b group. The cumulative incidence of adverse events of special interest was also notably higher in the control group. The primary endpoint was met and ropeginterferon alfa‐2b showed a better SVR12 rate of 79.8% than 71.9% of the control group.ConclusionRopeginterferon alfa‐2b is efficacious and has a favorable safety profile as compared with the conventional pegylated interferon alfa‐2b. This study together with previous Phase 2 data validated ropeginterferon alfa‐2b to be a new treatment option for chronic hepatitis C genotype 2.
Immune senescence and periodontitis: From mechanism to therapy
Authors: Liu Jiaqi , Dan Ruichen , Zhou Xueman , Xiang Jie , Wang Jun , Liu Jin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPeriodontitis is one of the most prevalent infectious inflammatory diseases, characterized by irreversible destruction of the supporting tissues of teeth, which is correlated with a greater risk of multiple systemic diseases, thus regarded as a major health concern. Dysregulation between periodontal microbial community and host immunity is considered to be the leading cause of periodontitis. Comprehensive studies have unveiled the double-edged role of immune response in the development of periodontitis. Immune senescence, which is described as age-related alterations in immune system, including a diminished immune response to endogenous and exogenous stimuli, a decline in the efficiency of immune protection, and even failure in immunity build-up after vaccination, leads to the increased susceptibility to infection. Recently, the intimate relationship between immune senescence and periodontitis has come into focus, especially in the aging population. In this review, both periodontal immunity and immune senescence will be fully introduced, especially their roles in the pathology and progression of periodontitis. Furthermore, novel immunotherapies targeting immune senescence are presented to provide potential targets for research and clinical intervention in the future.
Expression of Concern: The pathophysiological and immunological background of the monkeypox virus infection: An update
Authors: Mukherjee Anirban Goutam , Wanjari Uddesh Ramesh , Kannampuzha Sandra , Das Soumik , Murali Reshma , Namachivayam Arunraj , Renu Kaviyarasi , Ramanathan Gnanasambandan , Doss C. George Priya , Vellingiri Balachandar , Dey Abhijit , Valsala Gopalakrishnan Abilash 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn addition to the COVID‐19 waves, the globe is facing global monkeypox (MPX) outbreak. MPX is an uncommon zoonotic infection characterized by symptoms similar to smallpox. It is caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), a double‐stranded DNA virus that belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus (OPXV). MPXV, which causes human disease, has been confined to Africa for many years, with only a few isolated cases in other areas. Outside of Africa, the continuing MPXV outbreak in multiple countries in 2022 is the greatest in recorded history. The current outbreak, with over 10 000 confirmed cases in over 50 countries between May and July 2022, demonstrates that MPXV may travel rapidly among humans and pose a danger to human health worldwide. The rapid spread of such outbreaks in recent times has elevated MPX to the status of a rising zoonotic disease with significant epidemic potential. While the MPXV is not as deadly or contagious as the variola virus that causes smallpox, it poses a threat because it could evolve into a more potent human pathogen. This review assesses the potential threat to the human population and provides a brief overview of what is currently known about this reemerging virus. By analyzing the biological effects of MPXV on human health, its shifting epidemiological footprint, and currently available therapeutic options, this review has presented the most recent insights into the biology of the virus. This study also clarifies the key potential causes that could be to blame for the present MPX outbreak and draw attention to major research questions and promising new avenues for combating the current MPX epidemic.
Speaking without words: A meta‐analysis of over 70 years of research on the power of nonverbal cues in job interviews
Authors: Martín‐Raugh Michelle P. , Kell Harrison J. , Randall Jason G. , Anguiano‐Carrasco Cristina , Banfi Justin T. 
Published: October 2022

SummaryWhat candidates say in an interview is important—but so is how they say it. We draw on dual‐process theory to explain why interviewers rely on individuals' dynamic and static nonverbal cues to evaluate performance with quick, implicit inferences (System 1 processing). Yet, it remains unclear which cues most influence interviewers' judgments and whether moderators affecting interviewers' reliance on System 1 thinking (e.g., interview structure, modality, duration, and interviewee gender) impact the relationship between nonverbal cues and interview ratings. We performed the first meta‐analysis to address these questions, integrating findings across 63 studies (N = 4868). The nonverbal cues demonstrating the strongest association with interview performance were professional appearance (ρ = .62), eye contact (ρ = .45), and head movement (ρ = .43). Moderator analyses highlight the persistent power of nonverbal cues, as the results were largely unaffected by interview structure, modality, or duration. Experimental design did play a role, as did interviewees' gender, with stronger effects for certain nonverbal cues (e.g., facial expressions and professional appearance) for women than men, conveying interviewers' reliance on gender‐based stereotypes when judging their performance. Overall, these results suggest nonverbal cues and characteristics are an important influence on job applicants' success in employment interviews.
Fertilization depth effect on mechanized direct‐seeded winter rapeseed yield and fertilizer use efficiency
Authors: Chen Hui , Gao Liping , Li Mengcheng , Liao Yitao , Liao Qingxi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundDeep fertilization is effective for improving crop yield and fertilizer use efficiency. However, its impact on mechanized direct‐seeded rapeseed and the optimal fertilization depth are poorly understood. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the fertilization depth effect on mechanized direct‐seeded rapeseed growth. Five treatments were designed: surface broadcast fertilizer, no fertilization, and fertilizer banded placement at soil depths of 5 (D5), 10 (D10), and 15 cm (D15).ResultsCompared with surface broadcast fertilizer, deep fertilization generally increased seed yield and partial factor productivity by 11.0%, agronomic efficiency (AE) by 22.7%, and recovery efficiency (RE) by 79.2% due to the increase of root mass density (16.8%), plant height (8.6%), height of the first branch (10.6%), stem diameter (22.4%), shoot biomass (16.1%), and shoot nitrogen (35.7%), phosphorus (29.7%), and potassium (26.2%) uptake. D10 had the highest seed yield, oil yield, fertilizer use efficiency, and economic benefits at different fertilization depth treatments. Compared with D5 and D15 respectively, D10 increased seed yield by 5.4% and 46.0%, oil yield by 7.7% and 50.5%, partial factor productivity by 5.4% and 46.0%, AE by 9.0% and 99.5%, RE of nitrogen by 48.9% and 34.9%, RE of phosphorus by 83.1% and 38.0%, and RE of potassium by 57.5% and 32.5%. The economic benefits of D10 were CNY 867.31 ha−1 and CNY 4864.23 ha−1 higher than D5 and D15 respectively.ConclusionConsidering rapeseed growth and its economic benefits, this study shows that 10 cm is an appropriate placement depth with regard to mechanized direct‐seeded winter rapeseed production. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
The Preliminary Application of Simultaneous Display of Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound and Micro‐Flow Imaging Technology in the Diagnosis of Hepatic Tumors
Authors: Han Hong , Ji Zhengbiao , Huang Beijian , Mao Lijuan , Cao Qiong , Fan Peili , Wang Wenping 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesTo evaluate the value of simultaneous display of contrast‐enhanced ultrasound and micro‐flow imaging technology (CEUS‐MFI) in intra‐tumoral vessel detection and hepatic tumor diagnosis.MethodsA total of 82 patients with 82 focal liver lesions were enrolled in this study. Each patient received ultrasound exams including color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI), micro‐flow imaging (MFI), contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), and CEUS‐MFI with a Philips EPIQ7 ultrasound imaging system. The intra‐tumoral vessels detected by CDFI, MFI, and CEUS‐MFI were compared, respectively. The accuracy and confidence of using CEUS and CEUS‐MFI in diagnosing hepatic tumors were also compared.ResultsCEUS‐MFI was capable of detecting more hepatic intra‐tumoral vessels than MFI (P = .000) and CDFI (P = .000). Compared with CEUS, CEUS‐MFI improved the diagnostic accuracy of hepatic lesions (P = .009). Particularly, among the correctly diagnosed hepatic lesions, the number of cases where radiologists diagnosed with great confidence was increased from 88.4% (61/69) with CEUS only to 92.4% (73/79) with CEUS‐MFI (P = .041).ConclusionsCEUS‐MFI is sensitive in detecting hepatic intra‐tumoral vessels and can improve the accuracy and confidence of radiologists in diagnosing hepatic lesions.