bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of biomarkers in personalized immunotherapy
Authors: Sankar Kamya , Ye Jing Christine , Li Zihai , Zheng Lei , Song Wenru , Hu-Lieskovan Siwen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized cancer therapeutic paradigm and substantially improved the survival of patients with advanced malignancies. However, a significant limitation is the wide variability in clinical response.Main textSeveral biomarkers have been evaluated in prior and ongoing clinical trials to investigate their prognostic and predictive role of patient response, nonetheless, most have not been comprehensively incorporated into clinical practice. We reviewed published data regarding biomarkers that have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration as well as experimental tissue and peripheral blood biomarkers currently under investigation. We further discuss the role of current biomarkers to predict response and response to immune checkpoint inhibitors and the promise of combination biomarker strategies. Finally, we discuss ideal biomarker characteristics, and novel platforms for clinical trial design including enrichment and stratification strategies, all of which are exciting and dynamic to advance the field of precision immuno-oncology.ConclusionIncorporation and standardization of strategies to guide selection of combination biomarker approaches will facilitate expansion of the clinical benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy to appropriate subsets of cancer patients.
Impact of crustal deformation detection by the DSI (difference of split-band interferograms) method with PALSAR-2 data: a case study on the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake
Authors: Ozawa Taku , Himematsu Yuji 
Published: May 2022

AbstractInterferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) is a useful tool for detecting surface deformations at high spatial resolutions. When InSAR is applied to large surface deformations, clear fringes with complicated phase gaps often appear in the interferograms. Although the surface deformations in such areas provide valuable data for earthquake research and disaster investigation, it is difficult to convert the complicated interferometric phase to surface deformation information because of the difficulties associated with phase unwrapping. To resolve these difficulties, we created multiple SAR pairs with different frequencies using a bandpass filter and calculated the difference between the interferograms generated from these SAR pairs (referred to as the DSI analysis in this study). Generally, the obtained difference corresponds to SAR observations using long-wavelength radar. Therefore, phase wrap is less likely to occur, simplifying phase unwrapping. We applied the DSI analysis to PALSAR-2 data pairs for the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake and successfully identified large crustal deformations with complicated phase gaps in the vicinity of the surface ruptures. Comparing these results with the crustal deformations observed with global navigation satellite system measurements, the root-mean-squares of the differences were found to be approximately 4 cm. Although this accuracy was lower than that of conventional InSAR, it was nearly equivalent to that of offset-tracking analysis. It should be noted that the spatial resolution of the DSI analysis was significantly improved compared to that of offset-tracking analysis. A disadvantage of this method is that its detection accuracy is significantly degraded in zones with low coherence owing to noise amplification. The standard deviation of the noise component was approximately 2 cm for pixels with coherence > 0.7. However, for pixels with a coherence < 0.2, the standard deviation was > 10 cm, and the noise component occasionally exceeded 1 m. Despite its disadvantages, this method is effective for detecting large crustal deformations with high spatial resolution in areas where conventional InSAR processing is inappropriate.Graphical Abstract
Bound state solutions and thermodynamic properties of modified exponential screened plus Yukawa potential
Authors: Antia Akaninyene D. , Okon Ituen B. , Isonguyo Cecilia N. , Akankpo Akaninyene O. , Eyo Nsemeke E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this research paper, the approximate bound state solutions and thermodynamic properties of Schrӧdinger equation with modified exponential screened plus Yukawa potential (MESPYP) were obtained with the help Greene–Aldrich approximation to evaluate the centrifugal term. The Nikiforov–Uvarov (NU) method was used to obtain the analytical solutions. The numerical bound state solutions of five selected diatomic molecules, namely mercury hydride (HgH), zinc hydride (ZnH), cadmium hydride (CdH), hydrogen bromide (HBr) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) molecules were also obtained. We obtained the energy eigenvalues for these molecules using the resulting energy eigenequation and total unnormalized wave function expressed in terms of associated Jacobi polynomial. The resulting energy eigenequation was presented in a closed form and applied to study partition function (Z) and other thermodynamic properties of the system such as vibrational mean energy (U), vibrational specific heat capacity (C), vibrational entropy (S) and vibrational free energy (F). The numerical bound state solutions were obtained from the resulting energy eigenequation for some orbital angular quantum number. The results obtained from the thermodynamic properties are in excellent agreement with the existing literature. All numerical computations were carried out using spectroscopic constants of the selected diatomic molecules with the help of MATLAB 10.0 version. The numerical bound state solutions obtained increases with an increase in quantum state.
Prevalence and outcome of sepsis in respiratory intensive care unit
Authors: Madkour Ashraf M. , ELMaraghy Ashraf A. , Elsayed Mona M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to an infection.

Objective
To assess the prevalence and outcome of sepsis in RICU

Patients and methods
The study was conducted upon 403 patients admitted at RICU of the Abbassia Chest Hospital, Cairo, Egypt; 100 of them had sepsis either on admission or acquired in the RICU during the period from May 2019 to November 2019. Severity of illness was assessed by Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II score), which was recorded within 24 h from patient admission. Quick sepsis-related organ failure assessment (qSOFA) score was recorded in emergency room, and sepsis-related organ failure assessment (SOFA) score was recorded on ICU admission and on the 3rd and 7th day of ICU stay. Type of infection (community or hospital acquired), infection site, and pathogenic organisms, all were recorded. Assessment was done also regarding mechanical ventilation, length of RICU stay, the presence of comorbidities, survived patients, and dead ones, as regards causes of death and risk factors.

Results
The study included 100 cases with sepsis out of 403 admitted cases in the same duration with frequency 24%. Among sepsis patients, 72% were males and 28%were females, with mean age 51.62 ± 18.62 years. The main diagnosis was pneumonia (62%), and the main comorbidity was diabetes mellitus (23%). There was significant increase in age among non-survivors when compared with survivors. There was significant increase in number of mechanically ventilated patients and a highly significant incidence of complications and need for vasoactive drugs among non-survivors when compared with survivors. There was a highly significant higher APACHE II score on the 1st day of admission among non-survivor patients. The SOFA score was significantly higher on the 1st day of admission and significantly higher on the 3rd and 7th day of admission among non-survivor patients when compared to survived patients.

Conclusion
The current study showed that sepsis affects nearly one quarter of cases admitted at RICU, and it is usually associated with higher mortality rate in those patients.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05240157. Registered February 15, 2022. Retrospectively registered.
Nationwide Industry-Led Community Exercise Program for Men With Locally Advanced, Relapsed, or Metastatic Prostate Cancer on Androgen-Deprivation Therapy
Authors: Schumacher Oliver , Galvão Daniel A. , Taaffe Dennis R. , Spry Nigel , Hayne Dickon , Tang Colin , Chee Raphael , Newton Robert U. 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE: Androgen-deprivation therapy in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) is associated with considerable side effects and secondary comorbidities such as overweight/obesity and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of an industry-led, treatment-integrated, community-based exercise program on outcomes of body weight, cardiovascular health, and physical function. PATIENTS AND METHODS: PCa patients with locally advanced, relapsed, or metastatic disease receiving leuprorelin acetate were enrolled across multiple sites in Australia and assigned supervised group exercise undertaken weekly or biweekly (ie, 16 exercise sessions in total) for 10-18 weeks, consisting of aerobic and resistance training performed at moderate-to-vigorous intensity. RESULTS: Between 2014 and 2020, 760 participants completed the baseline and follow-up assessment. Participants were age 48-94 years, and most were either overweight (42.1%) or obese (38.1%). Program compliance was high, with 90% of participants completing all 16 exercise sessions. There was a small but significant reduction in waist circumference (–0.9 cm; 95% CI [–1.2 to –0.5]; P < .001) and no change in weight or body mass index. Systolic (–3.7 mmHg; 95% CI [–4.8 to –2.6]; P < .001) and diastolic (–1.7 mmHg; 95% CI [–2.3 to –1.0]; P < .001) blood pressure were significantly lower after the program. Furthermore, significant improvements were seen in cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength ( P < .001). For most of the investigated outcomes, participants with poorer initial measures had the greatest benefit from participating in the program. CONCLUSION: The community exercise program was feasible and effective in preventing weight gain, reducing blood pressure, and improving physical function in patients with PCa on androgen-deprivation therapy.
The Road Not Taken: Pearl McGill and the Promise of Inclusive Unionism, 1894–1914
Authors: Weaver Janet K. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Pearl McGill's path from an officer in a union affiliated with the American Federation of Labor (AFL) to an organizer for the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) offers an alternative lens through which to view industrial unionism at the critical juncture of the legendary “Bread and Roses” strike in Lawrence, Massachusetts. Her role in the strikes of button workers in Iowa and textile workers in New England between 1911 and 1913 shines a light on the ways in which grassroots activists invested hope that AFL “federal labor unions” (local unions directly affiliated with the national AFL) might serve as a vehicle for their inclusive union aspirations. Her contribution enhances our understanding of the strategies of the Women's Trade Union League (WTUL) and the contested terrain of ethnicity and gender on which its leaders sought to organize women factory workers, constrained as they were by their loyalty to the AFL.
Dual regulation of the actin cytoskeleton by CARMIL-GAP
Authors: Jung Goeh , Pan Miao , Alexander Christopher J. , Jin Tian , Hammer John A. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Capping protein Arp2/3 myosin I linker (CARMIL) proteins are multi-domain scaffold proteins that regulate actin dynamics by regulating the activity of capping protein (CP). Here, we characterize CARMIL-GAP (GAP for GTPase-activating protein), a Dictyostelium CARMIL isoform that contains a ∼130 residue insert that, by homology, confers GTPase-activating properties for Rho-related GTPases. Consistent with this idea, this GAP domain binds Dictyostelium Rac1a and accelerates its rate of GTP hydrolysis. CARMIL-GAP concentrates with F-actin in phagocytic cups and at the leading edge of chemotaxing cells, and CARMIL-GAP-null cells exhibit pronounced defects in phagocytosis and chemotactic streaming. Importantly, these defects are fully rescued by expressing GFP-tagged CARMIL-GAP in CARMIL-GAP-null cells. Finally, rescue with versions of CARMIL-GAP that lack either GAP activity or the ability to regulate CP show that, although both activities contribute significantly to CARMIL-GAP function, the GAP activity plays the bigger role. Together, our results add to the growing evidence that CARMIL proteins influence actin dynamics by regulating signaling molecules as well as CP, and that the continuous cycling of the nucleotide state of Rho GTPases is often required to drive Rho-dependent biological processes.
DYRK2 maintains genome stability via neddylation of cullins in response to DNA damage
Authors: Kawamura Akira , Yoshida Saishu , Aoki Katsuhiko , Shimoyama Yuya , Yamada Kohji , Yoshida Kiyotsugu 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally down-regulated 8 (NEDD8), an ubiquitin-like protein, is an essential regulator of the DNA damage response. Numerous studies have shown that neddylation (conjugation of NEDD8 to target proteins) dysfunction causes several human diseases, such as cancer. Hence clarifying the regulatory mechanism of neddylation could provide insight into the mechanism of genome stability underlying the DNA damage response (DDR) and carcinogenesis. Here, we demonstrate that dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 2 (DYRK2) is a novel regulator of neddylation and maintains genome stability. Deletion of DYRK2 leads to persistent DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and subsequent genome instability. Mechanistically, DYRK2 promotes neddylation through forming a complex with NAE1, which is a component of NEDD8-activating enzyme E1, and maintaining its protein level by suppressing polyubiquitylation. The present study is the first to demonstrate that DYRK2 controls neddylation and is necessary for maintaining genome stability.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Puncture performance tests reveal distinct feeding modes in pinniped teeth
Authors: Peredo Carlos Mauricio , Ingle Danielle N. , Marshall Christopher D. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTMarine mammals have undergone a dramatic series of morphological transformations throughout their evolutionary history that facilitated their ecological transition to life in the water. Pinnipeds are a diverse clade of marine mammals that evolved from terrestrial carnivorans in the Oligocene (∼27 million years ago). However, pinnipeds have secondarily lost the dental innovations emblematic of mammalian and carnivoran feeding, such as a talonid basin or shearing carnassials. Modern pinnipeds do not masticate their prey, but can reduce prey size through chopping behavior. Typically, small prey are swallowed whole. Nevertheless, pinnipeds display a wide breadth of morphology of the post-canine teeth. We investigated the relationship between dental morphology and pinniped feeding by measuring the puncture performance of the cheek-teeth of seven extant pinniped genera. Puncture performance was measured as the maximum force and the maximum energy required to puncture a standardized prey item (Loligo sp.). We report significant differences in the puncture performance values across the seven genera, and identify three distinct categories based on cheek-teeth morphology and puncture performance: effective, ineffective and moderate puncturers. In addition, we measured the overall complexity of the tooth row using two different metrics, orientation patch count rotated (OPCR) and relief index (RFI). Neither metric of complexity predicted puncture performance. Finally, we discuss these results in the broader context of known pinniped feeding strategies and lay the groundwork for subsequent efforts to explore the ecological variation of specific dental morphologies.
Is routine Vitamin A supplementation still justified for children in Nepal? Trial synthesis findings applied to Nepal national mortality estimates
Authors: Shrestha Samjhana , Thapa Saki , Garner Paul , Caws Maxine , Gurung Suman Chandra , Fox Tilly , Kirubakaran Richard , Pokhrel Khem Narayan 
Published: May 2022

Background
The World Health Organization has recommended Vitamin A supplementation for children in low- and middle-income countries for many years to reduce child mortality. Nepal still practices routine Vitamin A supplementation. We examined the potential current impact of these programs using national data in Nepal combined with an update of the mortality effect estimate from a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Methods
We used the 2017 Cochrane review as a template for an updated meta-analysis. We conducted fresh searches, re-applied the inclusion criteria, re-extracted the data for mortality and constructed a summary of findings table using GRADE. We applied the best estimate of the effect obtained from the trials to the national statistics of the country to estimate the impact of supplementation on under-five mortality in Nepal.

Results
The effect estimates from well-concealed trials gave a 9% reduction in mortality (Risk Ratio: 0.91, 95% CI 0.85 to 0.97, 6 trials; 1,046,829 participants; low certainty evidence). The funnel plot suggested publication bias, and a meta-analysis of trials published since 2000 gave a smaller effect estimate (Risk Ratio: 0.96, 95% CI 0.89 to 1.03, 2 trials, 1,007,587 participants), with the DEVTA trial contributing 55.1 per cent to this estimate. Applying the estimate from well-concealed trials to Nepal’s under-five mortality rate, there may be a reduction in mortality, and this is small from 28 to 25 per 1000 live births; 3 fewer deaths (95% CI 1 to 4 fewer) for every 1000 children supplemented.

Conclusions
Vitamin A supplementation may only result in a quantitatively unimportant reduction in child mortality. Stopping blanket supplementation seems reasonable given these data.
Elevated breast cancer mortality among highly educated Asian American women
Authors: Medina Heidy N. , Callahan Karen E. , Koru-Sengul Tulay , Maheshwari Sfurti , Liu Qinran , Goel Neha , Pinheiro Paulo S. 
Published: May 2022

Background
Postmenopausal breast cancer (PMBC) is the most commonly diagnosed and the second leading cause of cancer death among women in the US. Research examining the association between PMBC and education level has been inconsistent; no study in the US has examined how educational level impacts PMBC mortality in Asian American women, a largely immigrant population with above-average educational attainment.

Methods
California Vital Statistics data from 2012–2017 were analyzed to derive age-adjusted mortality rate ratios (MRRs) by education level (associates degree or above referred to as “higher education”, high school, less than high school) and race [Non-Hispanic White (NHW), Asian/Pacific Islander (Asian), and its two largest subpopulations: Chinese and Filipino] from negative binomial regression models.

Results
PMBC mortality for both NHWs and Asians was greater among women with higher education compared to those who did not complete high school: NHWs had 22% higher PMBC mortality (MRR 1.22; 95% CI: 1.14–1.31) and Asians had 2.6 times greater PMBC mortality (MRR 2.64; 95% CI: 2.32–3.00) than their counterparts who did not complete high school. Asians in the lowest education level had 70% lower mortality than NHWs (MRR 0.30; 95% CI: 0.27–0.34). This mortality advantage among Asians was greatly reduced to only 27% lower among the highest educated (MRR 0.73; 95% CI: 0.68–0.78). For higher educated Filipina women, no mortality advantage was evident compared to NHWs (MRR 0.96; 95% CI: 0.88–1.05).

Conclusion
PMBC mortality for higher educated Asian women is elevated in comparison to their counterparts with less education. Given that PMBC survival is greater among those with higher education, our findings strongly suggest an excess in the incidence of PMBC (more than double) among higher educated Asian women; this warrants more research into potentially modifiable causes of PMBC in this burgeoning population.
IDENTIFIKASI BUKTI DIGITAL INSTAGRAM WEB DENGAN LIVE FORENSIC PADA KASUS PENIPUAN ONLINE SHOP
Authors: Ariyanti Erly 
Published: May 2022

Salah satu peran media sosial adalah tempat untuk mempromosikan dan menjual produk dagangannya. Penggunaan media sosial tidak hanya memberi dampak positif, tetapi juga dampak negatif bagi user ketika digunakan sebagai media untuk melakukan tindak kejahatan, salah satunya penipuan online shop pada Instagram. Berdasarkan statistik dari Direktorat Tindak Pidana Siber Kepolisian Republik Indonesia pada tahun 2020 menerima 649 kasus pengaduan penipan online dari total 2.259 laporan kejahatan. Pelaku penipuan online shop dapat menghapus percakapan dengan korban yang dapat dijadikan sebagai bukti digital. Oleh karena itu diperlukan penanganan forensik untuk mengidentifikaksi bukti digital yang telah dihapus tersebut menggunakan metode live forensic. Sedangkan untuk metodologi menggunakan NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology). Tools yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu FTK Imager dan Browser History Viewer. Pencarian bukti digital didapatkan dari barang bukti berupa laptop pelaku, sedangkan smartphone milik korban dijadikan sebagai pembanding. Hasil pencarian pada bukti digital yang dihapus mendapatkan 39 percakapan, 36 diantaranya berupa teks dan 3 lainnya berupa gambar. Hasil identifikasi yang didapat berupa waktu kejadian, nama korban, nama pelaku, nama Instagram korban, nama Instaram pelaku, nomor HP korban, nomor rekening pelaku, nama rekening pelaku dan total kerugian korban atau jumlah uang yang dikirm korban kepada pelaku.
ANALISIS STATIK KEAMANAN APLIKASI VIDEO STREAMING BERBASIS ANDROID MENGGUNAKAN MOBILE SECURITY FRAMEWORK (MOBSF)
Authors: Nurindahsari Fitri , Parga Zen Bita 
Published: May 2022

Video streaming yaitu layanan transmisi video dan audio melalui internet. Layanan ini dibroadcast kepada banyak pengguna yang mengakses suatu situs video online. Pengguna aplikasi video streaming di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan selama 4 tahun terakhir. Kondisi saat ini yang masih dalam masa pandemi semakin meningkatkan keinginan masyarakat untuk menggunakan aplikasi video streaming, terkhusus aplikasi video streaming berbasis android. Kita sebagai pengguna Aplikasi video streaming tidak bisa mengabaikan keamanan dari aplikasi tersebut. Dengan banyaknya akses ke aplikasi video streaming berbasis android dapat menjadi target utama oleh Cracker dan Hacker dalam melakukan tindak kejahatan. Apalagi terdapat data pribadi pengguna aplikasi video streaming seperti email dan nomor handphone, jika hal ini sampai dapat diakses oleh oknum yang tidak bijak maka dapat disalahgunakan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menemukan celah keamanan yang terdapat pada aplikasi video streaming berbasis android. Peneliti menggunakan mobile security framework (MobSF) untuk menganalisis statik keamanan tahap dangerous permissions, weak crypto, root detection, SSL bypass dan Domain malware Check pada aplikasi video streaming berbasis android. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini yaitu aplikasi Y, N dan V memiliki dangerous permissions, weak crypto, dan SSL bypass, dan Domain malware Check dengan status good. Hanya aplikasi Y yang tidak memiliki root detection.
Kata kunci: analisis statik, android, keamanan, MobSF, video streaming.