bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Musikalisch-kulturelle Teilhabe als Prädiktor für allgemeine Lebenszufriedenheit: Sind Persönlichkeitsausprägungen bedeutsam?
Authors: Hasselhorn Johannes , Krupp Valerie , Lin Hsin-Rui , Beisiegel Jacqueline , Kopiez Reinhard 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungTeilhabe an Musikkultur stellt eine zentrale Zieldimension musikpädagogischen Lehrens und Lernens dar. Gleichzeitig werden der musikalisch-kulturellen Teilhabe positive Wirkungen auf die allgemeine Lebenszufriedenheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen zugesprochen. Ausgehend vom Capability Approach wird empirisch geprüft, inwiefern sich die Teilhabe an Musikkultur in formalen und informellen Kontexten auf die domänenspezifische Lebenszufriedenheit in Musik sowie auf die allgemeine subjektive Lebenszufriedenheit auswirken. Zusätzlich werden die Persönlichkeitsmerkmale (Big Five) als Prädiktoren mit einbezogen, da diese als relevant für die Einschätzung der individuellen Lebenszufriedenheit gelten. Es kann gezeigt werden, dass Teilhabe an Musikkultur in formalen (nicht aber informellen) Kontexten die allgemeine subjektive Lebenszufriedenheit nur indirekt über die domänenspezifische Lebenszufriedenheit in Musik positiv beeinflusst. Die Big Five-Persönlichkeitsfaktoren leisten einen zusätzlichen signifikanten Beitrag zur Aufklärung der Varianz allgemeinen und domänenspezifischen Lebenszufriedenheit.
Family responses to resource scarcity
Authors: Hosany A. R. Shaheen , Hamilton Rebecca W. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractResource scarcity, manifested through limited time, money or space, is a prevalent aspect of family life. Drawing on depth interviews with 30 families from diverse demographic backgrounds, this study develops a framework to demonstrate how families respond to resource scarcity. Our research examines how multi-dimensional, concurrent and/or consecutive life events, such as job changes, house moves, or childbirth, create a mismatch between available and required resources to trigger situational resource scarcity. We identify different patterns of adjustments in consumption and resource investment over time, based on families’ chronic resources and reliance on support networks. Notably, the greater flexibility afforded by multiple family members is constrained by collective goals, domains of control, tensions and negotiations.
Coherence and path indistinguishability for the interference of multiple single-mode fields
Authors: Das Rathindra Nath , Sounda Sobhan Kumar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA well-known result for the interference of two single-mode fields is that the degree of coherence and the degree of indistinguishability are the same when we consider the detection of a single photon. In this article, we present the relation between the degree of coherence, path indistinguishability and the fringe visibility considering interference of multiple numbers of single-mode fields while being interested in the detection of a single photon only. We will also mention how Born’s rule of interference for multiple sources is reflected in these results.
A New Chemistry-Climate Model GRIMs-CCM: Model Evaluation of Interactive Chemistry-Meteorology Simulations
Authors: Lee Seungun , Park Rokjin J. , Hong Song-You , Koo Myung-Seo , Jeong Jaein I. , Yeh Sang-Wook , Son Seok-Woo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We describe a new chemistry-climate model, Global/Regional Integrated Model system Chemistry Climate Model (GRIMs-CCM), developed by coupling the chemistry modules of the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model to the GRIMs general circulation model. The GRIMs-CCM is driven by meteorological variables simulated by the GRIMs and uses simulated gas and aerosol concentrations to calculate the radiative transfer equations at each time step. The model is evaluated by comparing ozone and aerosol concentrations with respective observations from the surface networks and the satellite datasets. It is found that the GRIMs-CCM successfully reproduces the observed spatial distributions of annual-mean aerosol optical depth and captures the seasonal and latitudinal variations of total column ozone. The evaluation of simulated aerosols in surface air against the observations reveals that the model reproduces the observed temporal and spatial variations but shows biases in soil dust aerosols. We also estimate the climatic impact of aerosols by conducting two sets of 10-year simulations for the preindustrial and present conditions. The GRIMs-CCM shows the aerosol radiative forcing of − 0.30 W m−2 from the preindustrial to present-day climates, comparable to the values from other climate model intercomparison projects. These results suggest that the GRIMs-CCM is suitable for studying chemistry-climate interactions and their changes over time.
On the measurement and correlates of plate clearing: examining a German version of the Plate Clearing Tendency Scale
Authors: Nill Tina , Meule Adrian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Plate clearing—eating a meal in its entirety—is common and may be a factor contributing to obesity. For the assessment of individual differences in plate clearing tendencies, Robinson et al. (Obesity 23:301–304, 2015) developed the Plate Clearing Tendency Scale (PCTS). However, little is known about the psychometric properties of this scale and its correlates.

Methods
In the current study, participants (N = 207, 76% female) completed a German translation of the PCTS and other questionnaires online.

Results
A one-factor structure had good model fit and the PCTS had acceptable internal reliability and good test–retest reliability across an average of four and a half weeks. Higher plate clearing tendencies related to more frequent parental encouragement to clear one’s plate in childhood and to stronger food waste concerns but were unrelated to sex, body weight, self-control, and eating behaviors. However, higher plate clearing tendencies related to higher body weight in unsuccessful dieters.

Conclusion
The current study shows that the PCTS has sound psychometric properties and that plate clearing tendencies appear to be largely driven by food waste concerns and not by automatic eating habits or low eating-related self-control. In dieters, however, high plate clearing tendencies may contribute to low dieting success and hinder weight loss.

Level of evidence
No level of evidence, basic science.
Training to Support ePortfolio Users During Clinical Placements: a Scoping Review
Authors: Van Ostaeyen Sofie , Embo Mieke , Schellens Tammy , Valcke Martin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractePortfolios are frequently used to support students’ competency development, and teachers’ and clinical mentors’ supervision during clinical placements. User training is considered a critical success factor for the implementation of these ePortfolios. However, there is ambiguity about the design and outcomes of ePortfolio user training. A scoping review was conducted to consolidate evidence from studies describing the design of ePortfolio user training initiatives and their outcomes. The search yielded 1180 articles of which 16 were included in this review. Based on the results, an individual, ongoing training approach which grounds in a fitting theoretical framework is recommended.
Lightweight, package and performance improvements of a shock tower by using steel–aluminium hybrid-casting technique
Authors: Stolz Lorenz , Xu Hongli , Fang Xiangfan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this work, a shock tower of a mid-size vehicle using steel (St)–aluminium (Al) hybrid-casting technology was developed with current shock towers as a benchmark. The use of this hybrid-casting technology, which features a ductile material connection between steel and cast aluminium, makes it possible to combine the design advantages of cast aluminium with the mechanical properties of high-strength steels. Based on this combination, a new shock tower concept was developed that offers advantages over the state of the art in terms of package, weight, stiffness and crash performance. To develop the new shock tower, connection points and package spaces in the periphery of the Honda Accord MY 2011 were analysed and defined. Based on quasi-static misuse load cases and topology optimization, it was possible to develop a load-compliant rib structure for the hybrid-cast shock tower reinforced by steel in the dome area. A so-called tension band for the IIHS small overlap crashworthiness evaluation test (SOL) was also integrated into the new shock tower to ensure homogeneous load distribution. The new shock tower was tested virtually in comparison with the reference steel shock tower and an Al-cast shock tower in quasi-static and dynamic crash load cases. In the quasi-static test, the hybrid-cast shock tower showed significantly increased stiffness. In the dynamic load cases, a significant overall homogenization of force distribution on the existing load paths in die front body structure was achieved. In addition, 5 mm package space for spring and damper could be gained for better driving behaviours of the car.
Anxiety and Anticipated Pain Levels of Women with Self-Reported Penetration-Related Genito-Pelvic Pain are Elevated in Response to Pain-related Images
Authors: Kelly Katie J.M. , Fisher Bonnie L. , Rosen Natalie O. , Hamilton Lisa Dawn 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundGenito-pelvic pain (GPP) affects a sizable minority of women and results of existing treatments can be variable. A method of general pain treatment that has not yet been extended to penetration-related GPP is Explicit Motor Imagery (EMI), which uses pain-related images to help individuals with pain alter their responses to pain, resulting in reduced pain, less pain-related anxiety, and improved function.AimAs a first step toward determining if EMI is a feasible method for treating penetration-related GPP, this study examined whether images that potentially signal genital pain are sufficient to induce an anxiety or anticipated pain response in women.MethodsParticipants were 113 women (62 with genital pain, 51 pain-free) recruited to complete an online study. Participants viewed randomized images of women engaging in various activities that potentially cause pain for people with penetration-related GPP (sitting, walking, running, lifting, inserting a tampon, implied penetrative sex, actual penetrative sex, implied gynecological exam, actual gynecological exam). Participants then rated each image on how much anxiety they experienced viewing the picture (viewing anxiety), and how much anxiety (anticipated anxiety) and pain (anticipated pain) they expected to experience doing the activity in the picture.OutcomesOutcomes were the self-reported viewing anxiety, anticipated anxiety, and anticipated pain of women with and without self-reported penetration-related GPP in response to the pain-related images.ResultsWomen who experienced self-reported penetration-related GPP reported significantly higher levels of viewing anxiety, anticipated anxiety, and anticipated pain in almost all categories of images, compared to women who were free of pain. The key exception was that women with and without self-reported penetration-related GPP reported similar levels of viewing anxiety when looking at images of implied and actual penetrative sex.Clinical TranslationThese results support that pelvic and genital imagery serve as a sufficient stimulus to generate anxiety and anticipated pain in our study sample. EMI, which targets desensitization of heightened anxiety warrants further research as a potential novel treatment option.Strengths & LimitationsThis study was the first to assess responses to a wide array of pain-eliciting images in women with and without self-reported penetration-related GPP. A key limitation was that the pain sample was self-reported and not clinically diagnosed.ConclusionImages of pain-related stimuli were sufficient to induce anxiety and anticipated pain in women with self-reported penetration-related GPP. This first step suggests that EMI may be a useful treatment option for women with penetration-related GPP.
Clinical utility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays beyond respiratory infections
Authors: Noeldner Haley M. , Bliek Zachary J. , Jones Nephi E. , Prusa Ryan D. , Wilkinson Melissa S. , Bushman Amanda M. , Rosa Rossana 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We estimated the predictive value of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for blood, bone, and soft-tissue cultures. The specificities were 88.8%, 88.5%, and 92.7% for all cultures, blood cultures, and bone and soft-tissue cultures respectively, and the negative predictive values were 99.3%, 99.8%, and 92.7% respectively.
Effectiveness of umbilical culture for surveillance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care units
Authors: Nakashima Toshinori , Inoue Hirosuke , Sakemi Yoshihiro , Yamashita Hironori 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo compare the culture sensitivities of MRSA detection, we collected 988 paired umbilical and nasal cultures from screened neonates. MRSA positivity rates were 79.1% from umbilicus and 41.9% from nares (P = .01). The umbilicus was a more useful culture site than the nares for surveillance of MRSA among neonates upon admission.
MAKER–BREAKER GAMES ON AND
Authors: BOWLER NATHAN , GUT FLORIAN , JOÓ ATTILA , PITZ MAX 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe investigate Maker–Breaker games on graphs of size
$\aleph _1$
in which Maker’s goal is to build a copy of the host graph. We establish a firm dependence of the outcome of the game on the axiomatic framework. Relating to this, we prove that there is a winning strategy for Maker in the
$K_{\omega ,\omega _1}$
-game under ZFC+MA+
$\neg $
CH and a winning strategy for Breaker under ZFC+CH. We prove a similar result for the
$K_{\omega _1}$
-game. Here, Maker has a winning strategy under ZF+DC+AD, while Breaker has one under ZFC+CH again.
Artificial fine-tuning tasks for yes/no question answering
Authors: Dimitriadis Dimitris , Tsoumakas Grigorios 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCurrent research in yes/no question answering (QA) focuses on transfer learning techniques and transformer-based models. Models trained on large corpora are fine-tuned on tasks similar to yes/no QA, and then the captured knowledge is transferred for solving the yes/no QA task. Most previous studies use existing similar tasks, such as natural language inference or extractive QA, for the fine-tuning step. This paper follows a different perspective, hypothesizing that an artificial yes/no task can transfer useful knowledge for improving the performance of yes/no QA. We introduce three such tasks for this purpose, by adapting three corresponding existing tasks: candidate answer validation, sentiment classification, and lexical simplification. Furthermore, we experimented with three different variations of the BERT model (BERT base, RoBERTa, and ALBERT). The results show that our hypothesis holds true for all artificial tasks, despite the small size of the corresponding datasets that are used for the fine-tuning process, the differences between these tasks, the decisions that we made to adapt the original ones, and the tasks’ simplicity. This gives an alternative perspective on how to deal with the yes/no QA problem, that is more creative, and at the same time more flexible, as it can exploit multiple other existing tasks and corresponding datasets to improve yes/no QA models.
The High‐Latitude Dawn‐Dusk Asymmetry of Ionospheric Plasma Distribution in the Northern Hemisphere
Authors: Wang Jianping , Zhang Beichen , Huang Chunming , Liu Ruiyuan , Yang Shenggao , Huang Yanshi , Hu Hongqiao , Yang Huigen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe high‐latitude dawn‐dusk asymmetrical distribution of the Mean Total Electron Content (MTEC) in the northern hemisphere was statistically investigated using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) vertical TEC data in 2014. In the geomagnetic latitude (MLAT)/geomagnetic local time (MLT) coordinate system, the local time of 0 hr ≤ MLT < 12 hr is defined as the dawn, and 12 hr ≤ MLT < 24 hr is defined as the dusk at MLAT is greater than 70°. The sunlit high‐density plasma at lower latitudes in the postnoon sector is the primary source of the asymmetrical MTEC distribution that the duskside MTEC is larger than the dawnside. Except for summer, the diurnal variations of the dusk‐dawn difference (DMTEC) and dusk‐dawn ratio (DDR) have two peaks and two valleys. The DMTEC and DDR also have significant seasonal variation, which is the greatest in spring (2.9TECu and 22.2%) and the smallest in summer (1.0TECu and 9.2%). The DMTEC and DDR depend significantly on the Kp index and the direction of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). Except for the DMTEC in spring, the DMTEC and DDR are larger during disturbed times than during quiet times. Except for IMF Bz > 0 in summer, the DMTEC and DDR are larger when IMF By < 0 than those when IMF By > 0, especially in spring and winter.
p21-activated kinase 4 controls the aggregation of α-synuclein by reducing the monomeric and aggregated forms of α-synuclein: involvement of the E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4-1
Authors: Won So-Yoon , Park Jung-Jin , You Soon-Tae , Hyeun Jong-A , Kim Hyong-Kyu , Jin Byung Kwan , McLean Catriona , Shin Eun-Young , Kim Eung-Gook 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAggregation of misfolded alpha-synuclein (α-synuclein) is a central player in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, the regulatory mechanism underlying α-synuclein aggregation has been intensively studied in Parkinson’s disease (PD) but remains poorly understood. Here, we report p21-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) as a key regulator of α-synuclein aggregation. Immunohistochemical analysis of human PD brain tissues revealed an inverse correlation between PAK4 activity and α-synuclein aggregation. To investigate their causal relationship, we performed loss-of-function and gain-of-function studies using conditional PAK4 depletion in nigral dopaminergic neurons and the introduction of lentivirus expressing a constitutively active form of PAK4 (caPAK4; PAK4S445N/S474E), respectively. For therapeutic relevance in the latter setup, we injected lentivirus into the striatum following the development of motor impairment and analyzed the effects 6 weeks later. In the loss-of-function study, Cre-driven PAK4 depletion in dopaminergic neurons enhanced α-synuclein aggregation, intracytoplasmic Lewy body-like inclusions and Lewy-like neurites, and reduced dopamine levels in PAK4DAT-CreER mice compared to controls. Conversely, caPAK4 reduced α-synuclein aggregation, as assessed by a marked decrease in both proteinase K-resistant and Triton X100-insoluble forms of α-synuclein in the AAV-α-synuclein-induced PD model. Mechanistically, PAK4 specifically interacted with the NEDD4-1 E3 ligase, whose pharmacological inhibition and knockdown suppressed the PAK4-mediated downregulation of α-synuclein. Collectively, these results provide new insights into the pathogenesis of PD and suggest PAK4-based gene therapy as a potential disease-modifying therapy in PD.
Simple synthesis of massively parallel RNA microarrays via enzymatic conversion from DNA microarrays
Authors: Schaudy Erika , Hölz Kathrin , Lietard Jory , Somoza Mark M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRNA catalytic and binding interactions with proteins and small molecules are fundamental elements of cellular life processes as well as the basis for RNA therapeutics and molecular engineering. In the absence of quantitative predictive capacity for such bioaffinity interactions, high throughput experimental approaches are needed to sufficiently sample RNA sequence space. Here we report on a simple and highly accessible approach to convert commercially available customized DNA microarrays of any complexity and density to RNA microarrays via a T7 RNA polymerase-mediated extension of photocrosslinked methyl RNA primers and subsequent degradation of the DNA templates.
Facile and general electrochemical deuteration of unactivated alkyl halides
Authors: Li Pengfei , Guo Chengcheng , Wang Siyi , Ma Dengke , Feng Tian , Wang Yanwei , Qiu Youai 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHerein, a facile and general electroreductive deuteration of unactivated alkyl halides (X = Cl, Br, I) or pseudo-halides (X = OMs) using D2O as the economical deuterium source was reported. In addition to primary and secondary alkyl halides, sterically hindered tertiary chlorides also work very well, affording the target deuterodehalogenated products with excellent efficiency and deuterium incorporation. More than 60 examples are provided, including late-stage dehalogenative deuteration of natural products, pharmaceuticals, and their derivatives, all with excellent deuterium incorporation (up to 99% D), demonstrating the potential utility of the developed method in organic synthesis. Furthermore, the method does not require external catalysts and tolerates high current, showing possible use in industrial applications.
An essential role for tungsten in the ecology and evolution of a previously uncultivated lineage of anaerobic, thermophilic Archaea
Authors: Buessecker Steffen , Palmer Marike , Lai Dengxun , Dimapilis Joshua , Mayali Xavier , Mosier Damon , Jiao Jian-Yu , Colman Daniel R. , Keller Lisa M. , St. John Emily , Miranda Michelle , Gonzalez Cristina , Gonzalez Lizett , Sam Christian , Villa Christopher , Zhuo Madeline , Bodman Nicholas , Robles Fernando , Boyd Eric S. , Cox Alysia D. , St. Clair Brian , Hua Zheng-Shuang , Li Wen-Jun , Reysenbach Anna-Louise , Stott Matthew B. , Weber Peter K. , Pett-Ridge Jennifer , Dekas Anne E. , Hedlund Brian P. , Dodsworth Jeremy A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTrace metals have been an important ingredient for life throughout Earth’s history. Here, we describe the genome-guided cultivation of a member of the elusive archaeal lineageCaldarchaeales(syn.Aigarchaeota),Wolframiiraptor gerlachensis, and its growth dependence on tungsten. A metagenome-assembled genome (MAG) ofW. gerlachensisencodes putative tungsten membrane transport systems, as well as pathways for anaerobic oxidation of sugars probably mediated by tungsten-dependent ferredoxin oxidoreductases that are expressed during growth. Catalyzed reporter deposition-fluorescence in-situ hybridization (CARD-FISH) and nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (nanoSIMS) show thatW. gerlachensispreferentially assimilates xylose. Phylogenetic analyses of 78 high-qualityWolframiiraptoraceaeMAGs from terrestrial and marine hydrothermal systems suggest that tungsten-associated enzymes were present in the last common ancestor of extantWolframiiraptoraceae. Our observations imply a crucial role for tungsten-dependent metabolism in the origin and evolution of this lineage, and hint at a relic metabolic dependence on this trace metal in early anaerobic thermophiles.
Primitive noble gases sampled from ocean island basalts cannot be from the Earth’s core
Authors: Li Yunguo , Vočadlo Lidunka , Ballentine Chris , Brodholt John P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNoble gas isotopes in plumes require a source of primitive volatiles largely isolated in the Earth for 4.5 Gyrs. Among the proposed reservoirs, the core is gaining interest in the absence of robust geochemical and geophysical evidence for a mantle source. This is supported by partitioning data showing that sufficient He and Ne could have been incorporated into the core to source plumes today. Here we perform ab initio calculations on the partitioning of He, Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe between liquid iron and silicate melt under core forming conditions. For He our results are consistent with previous studies allowing for substantial amounts of He in the core. In contrast, the partition coefficient for Ne is three orders of magnitude lower than He. This very low partition coefficient would result in a3He/22Ne ratio of ~103in the core, far higher than observed in ocean island basalts (OIBs). We conclude that the core is not the source of noble gases in OIBs.