bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utility of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire to Identify Developmental Delay in Children Aged 12 to 60 Months
Authors: Muthusamy Saravanan , Wagh Deepika , Tan Jason , Bulsara Max , Rao Shripada 
Published: August 2022

ImportanceThe Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) is a commonly used developmental screening tool, but its utility is debated.ObjectivesTo conduct a a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate ASQ’s utility as a screening or diagnostic tool to identify developmental delay in children aged 12-60 months.Data SourcesMedline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Mednar were searched from inception until December 2021.Study SelectionStudies meeting both criteria were included. ASQ was performed at age 12 to 60 months or where the median age at ASQ was at least 12 months and formal developmental assessments were done within 2 months of ASQ.Data Extraction and SynthesisTrue positive, false positive, false negative, and true negatives from individual studies were extracted. Meta-analysis was conducted with Stata version 16.1. Risk of bias was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. Certainty of evidence (COE) was assessed using GRADE guidelines.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAbility of ASQ scores more than 2 SDs below the mean in 1 or more domains (ASQ-2SD) to identify any developmental delay or severe delay. Based on generally accepted interpretation of likelihood ratio (LR) values, a positive LR (PLR) more than 5 and a negative LR (NLR) of 0.2 or less were considered necessary to rule in or rule out developmental delay, respectively, with at least moderate probability.ResultsInitial search yielded 5777 citations of which 43 were included in the review. Of them, 36 were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, and NLR are as follows: ASQ-2SD to predict any delay in 1 or more domain (n = 16), 0.77 (95% CI, 0.64-0.86), 0.81 (95% CI, 0.75-0.86), 4.10 (95% CI, 3.17-5.30), and 0.28 (95% CI, 0.18-0.44); ASQ-2SD to predict severe delay in 1 or more domain (n = 15), 0.84 (95% CI, 0.75-0.90), 0.77 (95% CI, 0.71-0.82), 3.72 (95% CI, 2.98-4.64), and 0.20 (95% CI, 0.13-0.32); ASQ-2SD motor domain to predict motor delay (n = 7), 0.41 (95% CI, 0.26-0.57), 0.94 (95% CI, 0.87-0.97), 6.5 (95% CI, 3.8-11.1), and 0.63 (95% CI, 0.50-0.81); and ASQ-2SD cognitive domain to predict cognitive delay (n = 2), 0.44 (95% CI, 0.24-0.65), 0.93 (95% CI, 0.81-0.95), 6.4 (95% CI, 2.4-16.8), and 0.61 (95% CI, 0.43-0.86). The COE was low/very low.Conclusions and RelevanceIf a child aged 12 to 60 months passes all ASQ domains, there is a moderate probability that they do not have severe developmental delay (low COE). If a child aged 12-60 months fails the motor or cognitive domain of ASQ, there is a moderate probability that they have some motor or cognitive delay, respectively (very low COE).Trial RegistrationPROSPERO (CRD42021268543).
Development and validation of the Moral Outcomes of Relationship Aggression Scale: A measure of moral distress following intimate partner violence perpetration
Authors: Taverna Emily , Marshall Amy D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractResearch with military veterans has established that distress may arise in response to perpetrating violent behaviors that violate individuals' moral beliefs. To date, no studies have similarly examined morally‐related cognitive and emotional responses specifically among intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators. However, research on moral cognitions and emotions in response to IPV perpetration may inform understanding of the behavior and potential mechanisms for intervention. In the current series of four studies, we used classical test theory to develop a measure of moral distress following IPV perpetration that focuses on thoughts about the actions (assimilated cognitions), thoughts about the self due to one's actions (accommodated cognitions), and emotions experienced due to one's actions (moral emotions). Items were developed and tested among two samples of undergraduate students, and psychometric properties of the final measure were confirmed among two community samples. The final measure consists of three subscales consisting of five items each. Results demonstrate support for internal consistency and test–retest reliability, convergent, discriminant, and incremental validity, and factor structure. This measure can be used in future research designed to examine how individuals respond to their IPV perpetration, and to study the implications this may have for long‐term outcomes and behavioral change.
Deep Learning Fluorescence Imaging of Visible to NIR‐II Based on Modulated Multimode Emissions Lanthanide Nanocrystals
Authors: Song Yapai , Lu Mengyang , Xie Yao , Sun Guotao , Chen Jiabo , Zhang Hongxin , Liu Xin , Zhang Fan , Sun Lining 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFluorescence bioimaging has always been a research hotspot in the field of life sciences and medicine. Although many studies focus on the promising second near infrared window (NIR‐II) imaging, the NIR‐II imaging with deep tissue penetration is limited by the broad emission band widths. Herein, a well‐designed lanthanide doped nanocrystal is presented that can modulate the energy migration processes by controlling energy migration pathway and cerium‐assisted energy transfer processes, resulting in switchable emission modes of visible and NIR‐II that dependent by the excitation wavelengths. Subsequently, the multimode emissions of dumbbell‐like nanocrystals are cooperated with deep learning, where the advantages of narrow emission peak of visible fluorescence and deep tissue penetration of NIR‐II fluorescence are combined to offer a unique deep learning fluorescence bioimaging. By this new imaging method, fluorescence signals can be obtained with narrow emission peak and high signal‐to‐noise ratio after penetrating phantom tissue. This study brings a powerful idea for cutting‐edge applications of intelligent optical materials, such as in vivo information security.
Dominant Energy Carrier Transitions and Thermal Anisotropy in Epitaxial Iridium Thin Films
Authors: Perez Christopher , Jog Atharv , Kwon Heungdong , Gall Daniel , Asheghi Mehdi , Kumar Suhas , Park Woosung , Goodson Kenneth E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHigh aspect ratio metal nanostructures are commonly found in a broad range of applications such as electronic compute structures and sensing. The self‐heating and elevated temperatures in these structures, however, pose a significant bottleneck to both the reliability and clock frequencies of modern electronic devices. Any notable progress in energy efficiency and speed requires fundamental and tunable thermal transport mechanisms in nanostructured metals. In this work, time‐domain thermoreflectance is used to expose cross‐plane quasi‐ballistic transport in epitaxially grown metallic Ir(001) interposed between Al and MgO(001). Thermal conductivities ranges from roughly 65 (96 in‐plane) to 119 (122 in‐plane) W m−1K−1for 25.5–133.0 nm films, respectively. Further, low defects afforded by epitaxial growth are suspected to allow the observation of electron–phonon coupling effects in sub‐20 nm metals with traditionally electron‐mediated thermal transport. Via combined electro‐thermal measurements and phenomenological modeling, the transition is revealed between three modes of cross‐plane heat conduction across different thicknesses and an interplay among them: electron dominant, phonon dominant, and electron–phonon energy conversion dominant. The results substantiate unexplored modes of heat transport in nanostructured metals, the insights of which can be used to develop electro‐thermal solutions for a host of modern microelectronic devices and sensing structures.
Solution‐Processable Nickel Oxide Hole Transport Layer for a Polymer Donor with a Deep HOMO Level
Authors: Tran Hong Nhan , Lee Heunjeong , Park Chan Beom , Krishna Narra Vamsi , Wibowo Febrian Tri Adhi , Jang Sung‐Yeon , Kim Jin Young , Cho Shinuk 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe photoactive layer of non‐fullerene organic solar cells (OSCs) generally consists of a low band‐gap acceptor and conjugated polymer with a deep highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) because the hole transfer from the acceptor to the donor as well as the electron transfer from the donor polymer to the acceptor is very important to achieve better performance. Therefore, energy level matching between the HOMO of the donor polymer and the work‐function (WF) of the hole transport layer is required. Since the intrinsic p‐type NiO has a lower WF value, the efficiency of NiO‐based PBDB‐T‐2F:Y6 OSCs is somewhat suppressed. In this work, the energy barrier between the NiO (5.1 eV) and HOMO of PBDB‐T‐2F (5.6 eV) by modifying the NiO surface using a 4‐(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid (PTF‐BOA) dipole layer (NiO‐PTF‐BOA) is successfully eliminated. The carboxyl group of PTF‐BOA is bonded with Ni atoms on the NiO surface, while the CF3 group attracts electrons, thus resulting in a partial negative charge on the CF3 side. This PTF‐BOA dipole layer induces the vacuum level upshift thus enhancing the work function of NiO‐PTF‐BOA to 5.5 eV. The PBDB‐T‐2F:Y6 OSCs with NiO‐PTF‐BOA exhibit an efficiency of 16.36%, which is the highest reported efficiency for NiO‐based OSCs.
Food‐Based Capacitive Sensors Using a Dynamic Permittivity Change with Hydrogels Responsive to Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Fukada Kenta , Tajima Takuro , Seyama Michiko 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRecent advances in ingestible electronics have elucidated the chemical composition of the gastrointestinal tract. Most devices are typically assembled from nondegradable materials, which require surgery for removal in cases of retention. Thus, edible electronic components based on naturally derived materials have been developed. However, a disease‐specific digestible sensor is difficult to construct due to the limited ingredients available. Here, a food‐based capacitive sensor using large dielectric constant changes with excellent selectivity is proposed. The sensor uses a combination of an interlayer of an enzyme‐containing degradable hydrogel, an insulator of food‐based slippery liquid‐infused porous surfaces, and Au/gelatin electrodes. In the enzymatic reaction, generated micro‐bubbles change the permittivity of the capacitor dynamically. Compared to most approaches for capacitive sensors using swelling/shrinking of the interlayer, this simple method excels in a large permittivity change with selectivity associated with the enzymatic reaction. This sensor is potentially applicable to various gaseous reactions, such as redox reactions, weak acid release reactions, and thermal decomposition. The capacitive component works in the contact‐free device as the resonator or sensor. Therefore, this study would open the way to human‐friendly material‐based wireless chemical sensors in healthcare or environmental domains.
High Brightness, Highly Directional Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes as Light Sources for Future Light‐Amplifying Prosthetics in the Optogenetic Management of Vision Loss
Authors: Hillebrandt Sabina , Keum Changmin , Deng Yali , Chavas Joël , Galle Charlie , Hardin Thomas , Galluppi Francesco , Gather Malte C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOptogenetic control of retinal cells transduced with light‐sensitive channelrhodopsins can enable restoration of visual perception in patients with vision loss. However, a light intensity orders of magnitude higher than ambient light conditions is required to achieve robust cell activation. Relatively bulky wearable light amplifiers are currently used to deliver sufficient photon flux (>1016 photons/cm2/s in a ±10° emission cone) at a suitable wavelength (e.g., 600 nm for channelrhodopsin ChrimsonR). Here, ultrahigh brightness organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) with highly directional emission are developed, with the ultimate aim of providing high‐resolution optogenetic control of thousands of retinal cells in parallel from a compact device. The orange‐emitting phosphorescent OLEDs use doped charge transport layers, generate narrowband emission peaking at 600 nm, and achieve a luminance of 684 000 cd m–2 at 15 V forward bias. In addition, tandem‐stack OLEDs with a luminance of 1 152 000 cd m–2 and doubled quantum efficiency are demonstrated, which greatly reduces electrical and thermal stress in these devices. At the photon flux required to trigger robust neuron firing in genetically modified retinal cells and when using heat sinking and realistic duty cycles (20% at 12.5 Hz), the tandem‐stack OLEDs therefore show a greatly improved half‐brightness lifetime of 800 h.
Sea‐Urchin‐MnO2 for Broadband Optical Modulator
Authors: Han Yueheng , Li Xiaohui , Chen Enci , An Mingqi , Song Zhuoying , Huang Xiangzhen , Liu Xinfeng , Wang Yishan , Zhao Wei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractManganese dioxide (MnO2) is considered to be one of the nanomaterials with enormous value in research and application because of its high theoretical specific capacitance, large specific surface area and porosity, excellent electron transfer ability, and excellent light absorption ability. However, exploring superior nonlinear absorption of MnO2 in the broadband spectrum is still the key challenge to harvesting their greatest potential. In this paper, the optical modulator based on MnO2 is fabricated, and its nonlinear optical performance is measured. The results indicate that the modulation depth is 4.4% and the saturable intensity is 32.8 MW cm−2 at 1.5 µm region. What's more fascinating is that the modulator based on MnO2 is integrated into Er‐doped and Tm‐doped fiber resonators to successfully demonstrate its broadband mode‐locking operations. The coexistence of harmonic bound state pulse and conventional soliton pulse, as well as dual‐wavelength solitons, have been obtained in a communication window and conventional soliton in a 2 µm‐band can be also achieved. This demonstrates that MnO2 serves as a broadband optical modulator, which makes MnO2 more competitive in the future ultrafast photonics and helps to expand the frontier of photonic technology.
Trip13 Depletion in Liver Cancer Induces a Lipogenic Response Contributing to Plin2‐Dependent Mitotic Cell Death
Authors: Rios Garcia Marcos , Meissburger Bettina , Chan Jessica , de Guia Roldan M. , Mattijssen Frits , Roessler Stephanie , Birkenfeld Andreas L. , Raschzok Nathanael , Riols Fabien , Tokarz Janina , Giroud Maude , Gil Lozano Manuel , Hartleben Goetz , Nawroth Peter , Haid Mark , López Miguel , Herzig Stephan , Berriel Diaz Mauricio 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAberrant energy metabolism and cell cycle regulation both critically contribute to malignant cell growth and both processes represent targets for anticancer therapy. It is shown here that depletion of the AAA+‐ATPase thyroid hormone receptor interacting protein 13 (Trip13) results in mitotic cell death through a combined mechanism linking lipid metabolism to aberrant mitosis. Diminished Trip13 levels in hepatocellular carcinoma cells result in insulin‐receptor‐/Akt‐pathway‐dependent accumulation of lipid droplets, which act as functional acentriolar microtubule organizing centers disturbing mitotic spindle polarity. Specifically, the lipid‐droplet‐coating protein perilipin 2 (Plin2) is required for multipolar spindle formation, induction of DNA damage, and mitotic cell death. Plin2 expression in different tumor cells confers susceptibility to cell death induced by Trip13 depletion as well as treatment with paclitaxel, a spindle‐interfering drug commonly used against different cancers. Thus, assessment of Plin2 levels enables the stratification of tumor responsiveness to mitosis‐targeting drugs, including clinically approved paclitaxel and Trip13 inhibitors currently under development.
Metabolism‐Based Molecular Subtyping Endows Effective Ketogenic Therapy in p53‐Mutant Colon Cancer
Authors: Tang Meng , Xu Hui , Huang Hongyan , Kuang Hao , Wang Chenxi , Li Qinqin , Zhang Xin , Ge Yizhong , Song Mengmeng , Zhang Xi , Wang Ziwen , Ma Chaobing , Kang Jinlin , Zhang Wanfang , Wang You , Zhang Bo , Zhang Xiaowei , Chen Yongbing , Cong Minghua , Melino Gerry , Wang Xiaobin , Zhou Fuxiang , Sun Qiang , Shi Hanping 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlthough targeting cancer metabolism is a promising therapeutic strategy, clinical success depends on accurate molecular and metabolic subtyping. Here, this study reports two metabolism‐based molecular subtypes associated with the ketogenic treatment of colon cancer: glycolytic (glycolysis+/ketolysis−) and ketolytic (glycolysis+/ketolysis+), which are manifested by distinct profiles of metabolic enzymes and mitochondrial dysfunction, and by different responses to ketone‐containing interventions in vitro and in vivo. Notably, the glycolytic subtype is able to be transformed into the ketolytic subtype in p53‐mutated tumors upon glucose limitation, rendering resistance to ketogenic therapy associated with upregulation of ketolytic enzymes, such as OXCT1 by mutant p53. The allosteric activator of mutant p53 effectively blocks the rewired molecular expression and the reprogrammed metabolism, leading to the suppression of tumor growth. The findings highlight the utility of metabolic subtyping to guide ketogenic therapy in colon cancer and identify mutant p53 as a synthetic lethality target for ketogenic treatment.
New Deferric Amine Compounds Efficiently Chelate Excess Iron to Treat Iron Overload Disorders and to Prevent Ferroptosis
Authors: Feng Wenya , Xiao Yuanjing , Zhao Chuanfang , Zhang Zhanming , Liu Wei , Ma Juan , Ganz Tomas , Zhang Junliang , Liu Sijin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractExcess iron accumulation occurs in organs of patients with certain genetic disorders or after repeated transfusions. No physiological mechanism is available to excrete excess iron and iron overload to promote lipid peroxidation to induce ferroptosis, thus iron chelation becomes critical for preventing ion toxicity in these patients. To date, several iron chelators have been approved for iron chelation therapy, such as deferiprone and deferoxamine, but the current iron chelators suffer from significant limitations. In this context, new agents are continuously sought. Here, a library of new deferric amine compounds (DFAs) with adjustable skeleton and flexibility is synthesized by adopting the beneficial properties of conventional chelators. After careful evaluations, compound DFA1 is found to have greater efficacy in binding iron through two molecular oxygens in the phenolic hydroxyl group and the nitrogen atom in the amine with a 2:1 stoichiometry. This compound remarkably ameliorates iron overload in diverse murine models through both oral and intravenous administration, including hemochromatosis, high iron diet‐induced, and iron dextran‐stimulated iron accumulation. Strikingly, this compound is found to suppress iron‐induced ferroptosis by modulating the intracellular signaling that drives lipid peroxidation. This study opens a new approach for the development of iron chelators to treat iron overload.
Ultra‐Thin Flexible Encapsulating Materials for Soft Bio‐Integrated Electronics
Authors: Sang Mingyu , Kim Kyubeen , Shin Jongwoon , Yu Ki Jun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRecently, bioelectronic devices extensively researched and developed through the convergence of flexible biocompatible materials and electronics design that enables more precise diagnostics and therapeutics in human health care and opens up the potential to expand into various fields, such as clinical medicine and biomedical research. To establish an accurate and stable bidirectional bio‐interface, protection against the external environment and high mechanical deformation is essential for wearable bioelectronic devices. In the case of implantable bioelectronics, special encapsulation materials and optimized mechanical designs and configurations that provide electronic stability and functionality are required for accommodating various organ properties, lifespans, and functions in the biofluid environment. Here, this study introduces recent developments of ultra‐thin encapsulations with novel materials that can preserve or even improve the electrical performance of wearable and implantable bio‐integrated electronics by supporting safety and stability for protection from destruction and contamination as well as optimizing the use of bioelectronic systems in physiological environments. In addition, a summary of the materials, methods, and characteristics of the most widely used encapsulation technologies is introduced, thereby providing a strategic selection of appropriate choices of recently developed flexible bioelectronics.
Biofilms: Formation, Research Models, Potential Targets, and Methods for Prevention and Treatment
Authors: Su Yajuan , Yrastorza Jaime T. , Matis Mitchell , Cusick Jenna , Zhao Siwei , Wang Guangshun , Xie Jingwei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDue to the continuous rise in biofilm‐related infections, biofilms seriously threaten human health. The formation of biofilms makes conventional antibiotics ineffective and dampens immune clearance. Therefore, it is important to understand the mechanisms of biofilm formation and develop novel strategies to treat biofilms more effectively. This review article begins with an introduction to biofilm formation in various clinical scenarios and their corresponding therapy. Established biofilm models used in research are then summarized. The potential targets which may assist in the development of new strategies for combating biofilms are further discussed. The novel technologies developed recently for the prevention and treatment of biofilms including antimicrobial surface coatings, physical removal of biofilms, development of new antimicrobial molecules, and delivery of antimicrobial agents are subsequently presented. Finally, directions for future studies are pointed out.
Largely Enhanced Output of the Non‐Contact Mode Triboelectric Nanogenerator via a Charge Excitation Based on a High Insulation Strategy
Authors: Lei Rui , Li Shuyao , Shi Yuxiang , Yang Peng , Tao Xinglin , Zhai Hua , Wang Zhong Lin , Chen Xiangyu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe non‐contact triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based on floating plane motion can achieve a very low interface abrasion and high durability. However, the output performance of non‐contact TENG is still less than 72 µC m−2, due to the decay of tribo‐induced charges in air. Here, this work proposes two different charge excitation strategies for non‐contact mode TENG by elevating the electric insulation strength to avoid air breakdown, while both the external charge excitation and the self‐excitation system are developed. A double dielectric layer capacitance model is also established to analyze the change of charge density. A maximum output charge density of 260.15 µC m−2 is obtained using the external charge excitation with 6 kV excitation voltage. In addition, the self‐excitation strategy with non‐contact mode and more compact system is also demonstrated and an output charge density of 212.5 µC m−2 is achieved with the help of developed voltage multiple circuit, which is 2.97 times of the reported highest record for non‐contact TENG. The charge‐excited TENG via high electric insulation strategy realized in this work provides a promising way for boosting the output performance of TENGs.