bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound‐Responsive Microneedles Eradicate Deep‐Layered Wound Biofilm Based on TiO2 Crystal Phase Engineering
Authors: Ouyang Qunle , Zeng Yuxuan , Yu Yi , Tan Lei , Liu Xiangmei , Zheng Yufeng , Wu Shuilin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWound biofilm infection has an inherent resistance to antibiotics, requiring physical debridement combined with chemical reagents or antibiotics in clinical treatment, but it is invasive and may exist as incomplete debridement. So, a new type of noninvasive and efficient treatment is needed to address this problem. Here, the crystal phase engineering of TiO2 is presented to explore the sonocatalytic properties of TiO2 nanoparticles with different phases, and find that the anatase‐brookite TiO2 (AB) has the best antibacterial efficiency of 99.94% against S. aureus under 15 min of ultrasound (US) irradiation. The type II homojunction of AB not only enhances the adsorption and decreases the activation energy of O2, respectively, but also has a great interfacial charge transfer efficiency under US, which can produce more reactive oxygen species than other types of TiO2. The microneedles (MN) penetrate the biofilm in wound tissue and quickly disperse the loaded AB into the biofilm because the ultrasonic cavitation accelerates the dissolution of microneedles, which non‐invasively and efficiently eradicates the deep‐layered biofilm under US. This work explores the relationship between the phase composition of TiO2 and sonocatalytic property for the first time, and provides a new treatment strategy for wound biofilm infection through US‐assisted microneedles therapy.
Strain Gradient Programming in 3D Fibrous Hydrogels to Direct Graded Cell Alignment
Authors: Kolel Avraham , Ergaz Bar , Goren Shahar , Tchaicheeyan Oren , Lesman Ayelet 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBiological tissues experience various stretch gradients which act as mechanical signaling from the extracellular environment to cells. These mechanical stimuli are sensed by cells, triggering essential signaling cascades regulating cell migration, differentiation, and tissue remodeling. In most previous studies, a simple, uniform stretch to 2D elastic substrates has been applied to analyze the response of living cells. However, induction of nonuniform strains in controlled gradients, particularly in biomimetic 3D hydrogels, has proven challenging. In this study, 3D fibrin hydrogels of manipulated geometry are stretched by a silicone carrier to impose programmable strain gradients along different chosen axes. The resulting strain gradients are analyzed and compared to finite element simulations. Experimentally, the programmed strain gradients result in similar gradient patterns in fiber alignment within the gels. Additionally, temporal changes in the orientation of fibroblast cells embedded in the stretched fibrin gels correlate to the strain and fiber alignment gradients. The experimental and simulation data demonstrate the ability to custom‐design mechanical gradients in 3D biological hydrogels and to control cell alignment patterns. It provides a new technology for mechanobiology and tissue engineering studies.
2D/1D MoS2/TiO2 Heterostructure Photocatalyst with a Switchable CO2 Reduction Product
Authors: Hezam Abdo , Alkanad Khaled , Bajiri Mohammed Abdullah , Strunk Jennifer , Takahashi Keisuke , Drmosh Qasem Ahmed , Al‐Zaqri Nabil , Krishnappagowda Lokanath Neratur 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRegulating the transfer pathway of charge carriers in heterostructure photocatalysts is of great importance for selective CO2 photoreduction. Herein, the charge transfer pathway and in turn the redox potential succeeded to regulate in 2D MoS2/1D TiO2 heterostructure by varying the light wavelength range. Several in situ measurements and experiments confirm that charge transfer follows either an S‐scheme mechanism under simulated solar irradiation or a heterojunction approach under visible light illumination, elucidating the switchable property of the MoS2/TiO2 heterostructure. Replacing the simulated sunlight irradiation with the visible light illumination switches the photocatalytic CO2 reduction product from CO to CH4. 13CO2 isotope labeling confirms that CO2 is the source of carbon for CH4 and CO products. The photoelectrochemical H2 generation further supports the switching property of MoS2/TiO2. Unlike previous studies, density functional theory calculations are used to investigate the band structure of Van der Waals MoS2/TiO2 S scheme after contact, allowing to propose accurate charge transfer pathways, in which the theoretical results are well matched with the experimental results. This work opens the opportunity to develop photocatalysts with switchable charge transport and tunable redox potential for selective artificial photosynthesis.
Novel catalysts with multivalence copper for organic pollutants removal from wastewater with excellent selectivity and stability in Fenton‐like process under neutral pH conditions
Authors: Li Haitao , Liu Xiang , Chen Xueli , Chen Yonglin , Li Yuping , Motkuri Radha Kishan , Dai Zhongde , Kumar Abhishek , Fang Tian , Shen Jian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFenton‐like reaction has been widely used for organics degradation. However, most Fenton‐like reaction works at low pH range (pH < 4) with uncontrollable selectivity of hydroxyl radicals from H2O2 activation, and unsatisfied catalyst stability, which is compromised advanced oxidation performance for water/wastewater treatments. In this work, to solve the drawbacks, novel copper catalysts were fabricated via hydrogen reduction/calcination of Cu2+‐supported Al/MCM‐41 with precisely controllable copper valence state. Compared with catalysts with monovalence copper (i.e., CuO, Cu, and Cu2+), the obtained catalysts with multivalence copper present higher selectivity, excellent stability towards •OH radical pathways, and outperformance in pCBA degradation efficiency at neutral state. In addition, the fabricated catalysts also exhibited excellent phenol removal efficiency (75.5%) and H2O2 utilization efficiency (47.9%) within neutral environment. Moreover, the degradation efficiency of phenol approaches to 100% within only 2 h. The catalyst also shows good stability for organic pollutants removal, which shows good potential in catalytic oxidation for phenolic compounds‐containing wastewater in Fenton‐like reaction, especially under neutral pH conditions.Practitioner Points
Multivalence copper presents great potentials for organic compounds removal at neutral condition.
Multivalence copper shows higher selectivity toward •OH and good stability at neutral condition.
Multivalence copper exhibiters outperformed phenol removal efficiency at neutral condition.
Applications of Remote Sensing in Kuwait
Authors: Al Jassar Hala , Petrov Peter , Al Hemoud Ali , Al-Enezi Abdullah , Alsaleh Abeer 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSatellite Remote Sensing can provide a valuable source of information in different applications and is considered an important tool for disaster management and support for decision-making in the state of Kuwait. This is especially valid for the cloudless atmosphere of Arabia. In this chapter, some examples related to geology ideas are presented. The application of satellite remote sensing techniques using both passive and active sensors is presented over Kuwait desert and marine. This includes academic studies of soil moisture, land subsidence, and operational monitoring of recent flash floods, dust storms, and oil spills detected by optical and SAR instruments from various space satellite platforms over the territory of the state of Kuwait. Operational monitoring of dust storms, especially sever jets from Iraq was performed with MODIS NASA/Terra and Aqua instruments, the oil pollution in the Northern Gulf oil fields was very effectively detected by Sentinel SAR-C instrument of Copernicus/ESA, and some rain floods in urban areas in winter were analyzed by high-resolution instruments of Pleiades.
Medikamenteninteraktion zwischen Ceftriaxon und Theodrenalin/Cafedrin
Authors: Werzer Christina , Schäfer Simon , Hofmann-Kiefer Klaus 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungIntravenöse Medikamenteninteraktionen finden im Bereich der Intensivmedizin immer größere Beachtung, da dort eine Vielzahl von Medikamenten über eine begrenzte Anzahl an i.v.-Zugängen appliziert werden muss; doch treten sie auch im Routinebetrieb im OP auf. Der folgende Fallbericht soll die Aufmerksamkeit auf die Medikamentenkombination Theodrenalin/Cafedrin mit verschiedenen Antibiotika lenken.
Tipping points ahead? How laypeople respond to linear versus nonlinear climate change predictions
Authors: Formanski Felix J. , Pein Marcel M. , Loschelder David D. , Engler John-Oliver , Husen Onno , Majer Johann M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe investigate whether communication strategies that portray climate change as a nonlinear phenomenon provoke increases in laypeople’s climate change risk perceptions. In a high-powered, preregistered online experiment, participants were exposed to linear or nonlinear predictions of future temperature increases that would be expected if global greenhouse gas emissions were not reduced. We hypothesized that the type of climate change portrayal would impact perceptions of qualitative risk characteristics (catastrophic potential, controllability of consequences) which would, in turn, affect laypeople’s holistic risk perceptions. The results of the study indicate that the type of climate change portrayal did not affect perceptions of risk or other social-cognitive variables such as efficacy beliefs. While participants who were exposed to a nonlinear portrayal of climate change perceived abrupt changes in the climate system as more likely, they did not perceive the consequences of climate change as less controllable or more catastrophic. Notably, however, participants who had been exposed to a linear or nonlinear portrayal of climate change were willing to donate more money to environmental organizations than participants who had not been presented with a climate-related message. Limitations of the present study and directions for future research are discussed.
Analyzing research outcomes and spillovers at a US nanotechnology user facility
Authors: Pelaez Sergio , Youtie Jan , Shapira Philip 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper maps research outcomes and identifies spillover effects at a US University Research Center (URC) that offers user facilities for nanotechnology research. We use scientometric and network science approaches to analyze measures of topical orientation, productivity, impact, and collaboration applied to URC-related Web of Science abstract publications records. A focus is on the analysis of spillover effects on external organizations (i.e., non-affiliated users). Our findings suggest the URC’s network relies on external organizations acting as brokers, to provide access to the facilities to other external organizations. Analysis of heterophily indicates that collaboration among internal and external organizations is enhanced by the facilities, while articles written by a mix of co-authors affiliated with internal and external organizations are likely to be more cited. These results provide insights on how URCs with user facilities can create conditions for diverse collaboration and greater research impact.
A national survey of clubs medical provision and facilities in BUCS American Football 2019–2020
Authors: Travis Eleanor Louise , Scott-Bell Andrea , Thornton Claire 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
British American Football (BAF) is a developing sport in the UK, with keen growth in the British Universities and Colleges Sport (BUCS) league. Participation in BAF carries risks and so to facilitate safe participation medical care services must be evaluated.

Aims
To evaluate medical provision in BUCS American Football in the 2019–2020 season.

Methods
An online survey tool was used to collect data from BUCS BAF teams in the 2019–2020 season. Thirty-one teams (from across England, Wales and Scotland) responded to questions on facilities, provision and procedures.

Results
Almost 42% of teams had a regular team first aider who attended home games each week. Only 61.5% attended away games and 7.7% attended team training. Access to a first aider was not dependent upon division. Home games were more likely to be risk assessed and have an emergency action plan compared to away games. The majority of teams had access to automated external defibrillator (AED) within 100 m of the pitch, yet only 29% of staff were trained to use them. Almost 84% of teams reported carrying a designated fully charged phone (with signal). Prominent qualitative themes indicated were cost/funding as barriers to hiring qualified medical staff, lack of institutional support, unreliability of medical provision and inadequate facilities/preparation for games.

Conclusions
These findings provide key information on the status of medical provision, facilities and protocols in BUCS BAF. Data reveals a lack of consistent medical personnel, particularly at training and away games, and training in emergency care.
Virtual Reality Pornography: a Review of Health-Related Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Evans Leighton 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Virtual reality (VR) pornography is a relatively new medium for the experience of pornography. In juxtaposition with traditional modes of experiencing pornography, such as two-dimensional (2D) displays, VR promises a new experience of pornography for the user. VR can offer the feeling of ‘being there’: an increased sense of immersion and presence in a mediated experience thanks to the sensory affordances of the medium. In an effective VR environment, the user is immersed in the experience itself, feeling an embodied presence in the world presented to them and able to interact with the environment and others in the environment in ways that cannot be achieved in other media. In terms of pornography, this is potentially revolutionary. The user can be embodied in one of the performers and experience a unique perspective. Alternatively, there are interfaces that will allow for the performer and viewer to physically interact with one another and experience physical arousal from the actions of the other at a distance. The possibilities of VR pornography are therefore related to the intensity of experience, the changing relationship with the performers and others in pornographic media, and the possibility of new, embodied experiences of arousal utilising networked, embodied technologies. This research review assesses to what extent research on VR pornography has supported these possibilities, affordances, and developments.

Recent Findings
23 articles were included in the present review. Findings demonstrate some increases in arousal and empathy in using VR pornography. However, further empirical evidence for these findings is still needed. In addition, teledildonic technology is lacking empirical research and the effects of the use of this technology in conjunction with VR requires research.

Summary
Collectively, the results underscore the notion that VR improves immersion and presence for subjects, and this can translate to increased sexual desire, empathy for performers in pornography, and sexual anxiety in watching pornography. This is a field in infancy, and the initial results of empirical work suggest that VR can intensify some key aspects of the experience of pornography. Theoretical reflections on VR pornography indicate many areas that require further empirical research.
New Developments in Gambling Marketing: the Rise of Social Media Ads and Its Effect on Youth
Authors: Rossi Raffaello , Nairn Agnes 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Propelled by the rise of online and social media, gambling marketing has developed extremely fast, moving far beyond traditional techniques. Policy makers need to ensure that children and young people are protected in this space but it is hard for empirical research to keep pace with industry developments. This article aims to provide some direction to policymakers and the scientific community, by reviewing what literature there is on social media gambling marketing and its effects on children.

Recent Findings
Research suggests that exposure to social media gambling advertising is high in volume and reach; that gambling ads are more appealing to young people than to adults; and that advertising portrays gambling as a harmless and fun activity with few warnings of potential health dangers. Most gambling brands’ followers on social media are under 25 years old and current regulations are not entirely fit for purpose.

Summary
Social media gambling ads are booming with high rates of exposure to children and young persons. Paid-for ads target specific young people (with tempting but complex financial incentives), whilst organic ads thrive by being shared across youth user networks. The effects on children and young people are worrisome. Gambling accounts are using content marketing, in particular, to create humorous and seemingly harmless posts to target young people who have not fully developed advertising recognition skills. As regulators struggle to keep up, there are concerns that young people are particularly influenced by these ads, and may be lured into gambling.
Truncated variable algorithm using DUS-neutrosophic Weibull distribution
Authors: Aslam Muhammad 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe existing truncated variable method to generate random variate cannot be applied when indeterminacy is presented in either the parameters or observations. This paper addresses the truncated variable simulation under the indeterminate environment. The truncated variable simulation method will be introduced using the DUS-neutrosophic Weibull distribution. The algorithm to generate random variate will be presented and applied in random variate generation. Extensive simulation tables for various values of indeterminacy and truncated variables are presented. The proposed study for other neutrosophic statistical distribution can be extended as future research.
“It Takes A Decent Amount of Courage”: The State of Civics Education in Social Work Programs in Germany
Authors: Kachel Matthias 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
There is an ongoing debate in German Social Work theory about whether Social Work is, can be, or should be a political profession. There are three opinions among scholars that answer either with a wholehearted “yes,” a skeptic “yes, but…,” and a resounding “no.” And even when the answer is yes, political activity of Social Workers is often described as “Einmischung,” which can be translated as “interference” or “meddling,” thus undermining the crucial role that Social Workers play in the welfare state. This debate affects not only academic discourse but also the education of Social Workers throughout Germany. There seem to be as many different approaches as there are schools of Social Work to teaching — or not teaching — civics and political skills to Social Work students — thus, political knowledge and interest, practical skills, preparation, and the ability to speak politically can differ dramatically among Social Workers — which, in turn, influences the ability and willingness for political action. This is also reflected in the low numbers of German Social Workers that are organized in unions. For my doctoral thesis, I have compared ten different Social Work curricula at as many Schools of Social Work in Germany. My goal was to find out whether and how future Social Workers are receiving — or are at least able to receive — training for political situations and political work, and whether the skills taught are those needed in practice. In the course of working on my dissertation, I let students of Social Work and Social Workers discuss my findings about “their” study program in focus groups and at the same time asked if the skills taught on paper are also the ones taught in reality — and whether they are the ones needed in practice. I wish to present my findings in this article.
EEG-based spatial elements optimisation design method
Authors: Zhang Zihuan , Li Zao , Guo Zhe 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the field of digital design, a recent hot topic is the study of the interaction between spatial environment design and human factors. Electroencephalogram (EEG) and eye tracking can be used as quantitative analysis methods for architectural space evaluation; however, conclusions from existing studies on improving the quality of spatial environments based on human factors tend to remain qualitative. In order to realise the quantitative optimisation design of spatial elements from human physiological data, this research used the digital space optimisation method and perceptual evaluation research. In this way, it established an optimisation method for built space elements in real-time using human psychological indicators. Firstly, this method used the specific indicators of the Meditation value and Attention value in the human EEG signal, taking the ThinkGear AM (TGAM) module as the optimisation objective, the architectural space colour and the window size as the optimisation object, and the multi-objective genetic algorithm as the optimisation tool. Secondly, this research combined virtual reality scenarios and parametric linkage models to realise this optimisation method to establish a tool platform and workflow. Thirdly, this study took the optimisation of a typical living space as an example and recruited 50 volunteers to participate in an optimisation experiment. The results indicated that with the iterative optimisation of the multi-objective genetic algorithm, the specific EEG index decreases significantly and the standard deviation of the in-dex fluctuates and decreases during the iterative process, which further indicates that the optimisation method established in this study with the specific EEG index as the optimisation objective is effective and feasible. In addition, this study laid the foundation for more EEG indicators and more complex spatial element opti-misation research in the future.
Partner choice does not predict prosociality across countries
Authors: Claessens Scott , Kyritsis Thanos 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Why does human prosociality vary around the world? Evolutionary models and laboratory experiments suggest that possibilities for partner choice (i.e. the ability to leave unprofitable relationships and strike up new ones) should promote cooperation across human societies. Leveraging the Global Preferences Survey (n = 27,125; 27 countries) and the World Values Survey (n = 54,728; 32 countries), we test this theory by estimating the associations between relational mobility, a socioecological measure of partner choice, and a wide variety of prosocial attitudes and behaviours, including impersonal altruism, reciprocity, trust, collective action and moral judgements of antisocial behaviour. Contrary to our pre-registered predictions, we found little evidence that partner choice is related to prosociality across countries. After controlling for shared causes of relational mobility and prosociality – environmental harshness, subsistence style and geographic and linguistic proximity – we found that only altruism and trust in people from another religion are positively related to relational mobility. We did not find positive relationships between relational mobility and reciprocity, generalised trust, collective action or moral judgements. These findings challenge evolutionary theories of human cooperation which emphasise partner choice as a key explanatory mechanism, and highlight the need to generalise models and experiments to global samples.