bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Language Contact, Language Ecology, and Intonational Variation in the Yami Community
Authors: Lai Li-Fang , Gooden Shelome 
Published: August 2022

This study investigates socioprosodic variation in Yami, a moribund indigenous language under intense contact with Mandarin in Taiwan: 32 bilingual (Yami-dominant, balanced, Mandarin-dominant) and 5 Yami-monolingual participants were recruited. We used an Interactive Card Game to elicit semi-spontaneous speech for neutral questions (NQ), default declarative questions (DQ1), and declarative questions with lighter incredulity (DQ2). Results reveal that (1) yes/no question intonation in Yami is highly variable; (2) on a broad community level, the DQ1–DQ2 distinction is absent from Yami; and (3) there is prosodic hybridization and innovation in bilingual speech. In particular, we see significant differences in DQ1 and NQ productions, with DQ1s having a rising nuclear configuration, higher pitch level, and wider pitch span, while NQs are realized with a mid-level pattern, lower pitch level, and narrower pitch span. DQ2 utterances exhibited highly varied nuclear configuration patterns with no significant differences in either pitch level or pitch span in DQ1–DQ2 comparisons. Yet, there is evidence that a hybridized DQ2 has begun to be integrated into Yami among younger bilinguals, suggesting that present-day Yami is in flux and is undergoing restructuring. These intonational variations are not easily attributable to a weakened Yami identity. Rather, younger bilinguals, who are leading the change, are highly dedicated to cultural practices and show strong rootedness in their Indigenous identity. Seemingly, while these less fluent speakers no longer use Yami to fulfill their everyday communicative needs, they are leaning more on its socio-indexical functions to reflect their ethnocultural identity.
A Haptic Nonverbal Cognitive Test for Children and Adolescents With Visual Impairment
Authors: Cassar Carolina , Tambelli Renata , Pezzuti Lina , Lecis Donatella , Castorina Silvia , Ricci Daniela , Fortini Stefania , Amore Filippo M. , De Crescenzo Franco , Lucchese Franco 
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The objective of the current study was to design and pilot-test a nonverbal intelligence test for children and adolescents with visual impairment (i.e., blindness and low vision) aged 10 to 16 years. Method: A three-dimensional haptic matrix test of nonverbal cognitive abilities (3-DHMT-CA), initially developed for adults with visual impairment, was adapted and administered to 25 juveniles with severe low vision or blindness and 25 sighted peers. The test consisted of 22 tactual matrices with a missing element, and juveniles were asked to understand the logical scheme underlying each matrix and to complete it. Convergent validity was assessed in the sighted group with the Standard Progressive Matrices. Divergent validity was measured with the Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI) and the Working Memory Index (WMI) of the Italian version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Fourth Edition. Between-group differences were analyzed with Student’s t-test and ANOVA. Results: Results show a high correlation with the convergent measure (with the Standard Progressive Matrices), and the moderate correlations with divergent measures (VCI and WMI). Between-group differences showed significantly higher scores for sighted peers than juveniles with visual impairment at 3-DHMT-CA, and non-significant differences at VCI and WMI. Discussion: This haptic nonverbal cognitive test showed good psychometric properties, but it needs to be validated in a larger sample with a qualitative analysis of solution strategies because juveniles with visual impairment seem to use different verbal and working memory strategies. Implications for Practitioners: The 3-DHMT-CA and the haptic two-hands modality seem to be suitable to test nonverbal cognitive abilities in juveniles with visual impairment. Practitioners should focus on empowering verbal and working memory abilities, since they may affect nonverbal cognitive abilities as well.
The effects of reserpine on depression: A systematic review
Authors: Strawbridge Rebecca , Javed Rahila R , Cave Jeremy , Jauhar Sameer , Young Allan H 
Published: August 2022

Background: Reserpine is an effective antihypertensive drug, but its role in routine practice has declined such that it is rarely used. This is largely based on the assumption that reserpine causes depression. This assumption was a foundation for the original monoamine hypothesis of depression. However, there remains conflicting evidence as to whether reserpine causes depression, and no systematic review of available evidence. Aims: We systematically reviewed evidence on effects of reserpine on depressive and related symptoms (e.g. anxiety, suicidal ideation). Method: Electronic searches of MEDLINE, Embase and PsycINFO were conducted to identify studies up to 14 February 2021. Studies of any methodological design involving reserpine-treated and reserpine-untreated conditions, in any adult human population, were included and a narrative synthesis of findings was undertaken. Risk of bias (RoB) was examined using ROBINS-I. Results: Of the 35 studies meeting inclusion criteria, 9 were randomised controlled trials. Eleven studies reported some depressogenic effects, 13 reported no effect and 11 reported putative antidepressant effects. Studies identifying depressive effects were more likely to examine people without psychiatric disorders at baseline, while studies identifying a potential antidepressant effect tended to treat fewer participants for shorter durations, at higher doses. Around one-third of studies conducted in people with psychiatric disorders showed beneficial effects on depression symptoms. 30/35 studies were at high RoB. Conclusions: Associations between reserpine and depression are inconsistent and limited by a lack of high-quality evidence. Due to reserpine’s apparently complex effects, we urge nuance rather than simplicity surrounding the monoamine hypothesis of depression.
Changes in operative treatment of tibia fractures in Finland between 2000 and 2018: A nationwide study
Authors: Ylitalo Antti A.J. , Dahl Kalle A. , Reito Aleksi , Ekman Elina 
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Incidences of different tibia fractures are not well reported. Possible changes in the operative treatment methods have also not been studied. The aim of this nationwide registry study is to determine the incidence of operatively treated tibia fractures and investigate the possible changes in treatment methods in Finland between 2000 and 2018. Methods: All patients aged 16 years or older with operatively treated tibia fractures in Finland from 2000 to 2018 were included. The incidence of operatively treated proximal, diaphyseal, and distal tibia fractures per 100,000 person years by age, sex, mechanism of injury, and study year was calculated. Data were extracted from the Finnish National Hospital Discharge Register. Results: A total of 5996 proximal, 6874 diaphyseal, and 5658 distal tibia fractures were reported during the 18-year study period, resulting in incidences of 7.2/100,000, 8.1/100,000, and 6.9/100,000 person years for operatively treated proximal, diaphyseal, and distal tibia fractures, respectively. Over the study period, a clear change in fixation method in distal tibia fractures was found as plating became popular in the beginning of the 21st century. During the last 5 years of the study period, nailing and plating were equally used. Conclusions: Operatively treated proximal tibia fractures are most common among older females while diaphyseal fractures are most frequent in young male patients. Distal tibia fractures occur most often among middle-aged people.
The Impact of Cognitive Impairment on Robot-Based Upper-Limb Motor Assessment in Chronic Stroke
Authors: Bui Kevin D. , Lyn Breanna , Roland Matthew , Wamsley Carol A. , Mendonca Rochelle , Johnson Michelle J. 
Published: August 2022

Background Chronic upper extremity motor deficits are present in up to 65% of stroke survivors, and cognitive impairment is prevalent in 46-61% of stroke survivors even 10 years after their stroke. Robot-assisted therapy programs tend to focus on motor recovery and do not include stroke patients with cognitive impairment. Objective This study aims to investigate performance on the individual cognitive domains evaluated in the MoCA and their relation to upper-limb motor performance on a robotic system. Methods Participants were recruited from the stroke population with a wide range of cognitive and motor levels to complete a trajectory tracking task using the Haptic TheraDrive rehabilitation robot system. Motor performance was evaluated against standard clinical cognitive and motor assessments. Our hypothesis is that the cognitive domains involved in the visuomotor tracking task are significant predictors of performance on the robot-based task and that impairment in these domains results in worse motor performance on the task compared to subjects with no cognitive impairment. Results Our results support the hypothesis that visuospatial and executive function have a significant impact on motor performance, with differences emerging between different functional groups on the various robot-based metrics. We also show that the kinematic metrics from this task differentiate cognitive-motor functional groups differently. Conclusion This study demonstrates that performance on a motor-based robotic assessment task also involves a significant visuospatial and executive function component and highlights the need to account for cognitive impairment in the assessment of motor performance.
Qualitative Findings for Supporting Newly Graduated Nurse and Teacher Sleep During Their First Year
Authors: Varner Kendra , Hittle Beverly M. , Martsolf Donna , Plano Clark Vicki L. , Gillespie Gordon L. , Reutman Susan 
Published: August 2022

Background: New graduate role transition for nurses and teachers is stressful. Poor adaptation may manifest as insomnia, which has implications for the new professionals, their employers, and the public served. This study examines factors that impact new graduate sleep, with the aim of identifying perceived helps and hindrances to sleep-during-transition. Methods: Targeted content analysis of transcripts from a larger longitudinal mixed methods study comparing new graduate sleep during their first year of practice. Study participants ( N = 21) answered questions in the final interview regarding the most positive and negative impact(s) on sleep during the transition year. Transcripts were analyzed and compared based on the new graduate sleep typology (i.e., Got Better, Got Worse, Stayed Varied) which emerged from the parent study. Findings: Most participants, regardless of sleep type, identified a person/group as most positively impacting sleep. They identified work thoughts, stress/anxiety, people, work hours/sleep schedules, and environmental factors as negatively impacting sleep. Work thoughts and stress/anxiety were mentioned together and most frequently by participants in all three sleep types. Conclusion/Applications to Practice: This study provided insight into new graduate nurse and teacher sleep during transition. Support persons and/or groups may be essential regardless of sleep type. Thought management/stress mitigation strategies and good sleep hygiene may also improve the sleep experiences of these new professionals. Occupational health nurses can support sleep-during-transition among new nurses and teachers by acting as sleep advocates. They may also identify a need for medical intervention and/or sleep specialists and should promote fatigue risk mitigating policies.
Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Acetabular Chondral Delamination in Femoroacetabular Impingement
Authors: Gao Guanying , Dong Hanmei , Wang Jianquan , Ao Yingfang , Xu Yan 
Published: August 2022

Background: Currently, there is no consensus regarding the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the detection of acetabular chondral delamination (ACD) in patients with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), and, correspondingly, the preoperative diagnosis of ACD remains challenging. Hypothesis: It was hypothesized that MRI would have relatively high accuracy in detecting ACD in patients with FAI. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients who attended the sports medicine clinic of our department and underwent arthroscopic surgery for the diagnosis of FAI between January 2018 and December 2020. All patients underwent preoperative 3.0-T MRI. ACD was evaluated by 2 raters on 3.0-T MRI scans, and interrater and intrarater reliability was assessed. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of MRI for diagnosis of ACD were calculated, using arthroscopic surgery as the standard. Results: A total of 233 patients (mean age, 37.4 years; 99 male and 134 female) were included in this study. The presence of ACD in 101 (43.3%) patients was confirmed during hip arthroscopy. The intraobserver reliability of both of the observers in detecting ACD using 3.0-T MRI scans was almost perfect (observer 1, kappa coefficient [κ] = 0.909 [95% CI, 0.854-0.964]; observer 2, κ = 0.937 [95% CI, 0.890-0.984]), and the interobserver reliability between the observers (κ = 0.801 [95% CI, 0.723-0.879]) was substantial. The overall sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of preoperative MRI to detect ACD were 83.7%, 82%, 74.2%, and 89.1%, respectively. Conclusion: It was found that 3.0-T MRI had a relatively high sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV for diagnosis of ACD in patients with FAI and could be a reliable method of diagnosing ACD preoperatively.
Pollinators and urban riparian vegetation: important contributors to urban diversity conservation
Authors: Zhang Xin , Zhang Lixue , Wang Yixiao , Shao Ying , Daniels Benjamin , Roß-Nickoll Martina , Chen Zhongli 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Urbanization process around the world has not only changed the patterns of land use, but also fragmented the habitat, resulting in significantly biodiversity loss. Urban rivers, serve as one of the natural corridors in urban ecosystems, are of importance for urban ecosystem stability. However, few studies have been done to explore the relationship between vegetation and pollinators in urban river segments. In this study, two urban streams in the city of Chongqing were selected as the study area, riparian vegetation, butterflies and bees were investigated along all four seasons of a year to illustrate the spatial and temporal distribution patterns. Simultaneously, the ecological functions of the river corridor were analyzed.

Result
In this study, 109 plant species belonging to 95 genera of 39 families were recorded; the number of sampled species for butterflies and bees were 12 and 13, respectively. The temporal and spatial patterns of species diversity among vegetation, butterfly, and bee are different, but the trends of variation among them are similar between the two streams. Bees were found to be more closely correlated with native flowering plants in riparian zone, rather than with cultivated riparian vegetation.

Conclusions
The native riparian vegetation in urban rivers plays an important role in urban biodiversity conservation by serving as a corridor. This study provides data supporting the protection of the remaining natural patches and restoration of damaged habitats in the city. The survey has accumulated data on native riparian vegetation and pollinators in urban rivers.
Relapsing MRI-negative myelitis associated with myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein autoantibodies: a case report
Authors: Kolcava Jan , Rajdova Aneta , Vlckova Eva , Stourac Pavel , Bednarik Josef 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Serum antibodies to myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) are biomarkers of MOG-IgG-associated disorder (MOGAD), a demyelinating disease distinct from both multiple sclerosis and aquaporin-4-IgG neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. The phenotype of MOGAD is broad and includes optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, and acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis. Myelitis is common with MOGAD and typically results in acute and severe disability, although prospects for recovery are often favorable with prompt immunotherapy.

Case presentation
This contribution presents a unique case report of a young male patient exhibiting relapsing myelitis with normal spinal cord and brain magnetic resonance imaging. Comprehensive diagnostic assessment revealed myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-IgG-associated disorder.

Conclusion
MOGAD is one of the conditions which should be considered in MRI-negative myelitis. The diagnosis, however, may prove difficult, especially if the patient is not exhibiting other neurological symptoms of MOGAD. Conus or epiconus involvement is common in MOGAD; the patient reported herein exhibited incomplete rostral epiconus symptoms which, together with somatosensory evoked potential abnormalities, led to the diagnosis.
Ability of routinely collected clinical factors to predict good visual results after primary Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty: a cohort study
Authors: Bloch Florian , Dinot Vincent , Goetz Christophe , Zevering Yinka , Lhuillier Louis , Perone Jean-Marc 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundA comprehensive analysis of routinely collected pre/perioperative demographic/clinical factors that could predict final visual acuity after primary Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) has not been conducted previously.MethodsA retrospective monocenter cohort study was performed with consecutive patients with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) who underwent DMEK or triple-DMEK (DMEK combined with cataract surgery) in 2016–2020 in a French tertiary-care hospital. DMEK-only patients were pseudophakic. Patients were followed for 12 months. Surgery was considered successful when 12-month best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was ≤0.1 logMAR (≥0.8). Exploratory multivariate analysis was conducted with the following routinely collected variables to determine their ability to predict 12-month BCVA: patient age and sex; graft donor age; triple DMEK; preoperative values of BCVA, endothelial cell density (ECD), central corneal thickness (CCT), and mean anterior keratometry; and rebubbling.ResultsOf 100 eyes (100 patients; mean age, 72 years; 61% female), 81 achieved a 12-month BCVA of ≤0.1 logMAR. Logistic regression analysis showed that older age was a significant prognosticator for 12-month BCVA > 0.1 logMAR (Odds Ratio = 0.914, 95% confidence intervals = 0.846–0.987;p = 0.02).ConclusionsAn older age associated with worse visual acuity outcomes after DMEK. This was confirmed by our analysis of the literature and supports the notion that DMEK should be conducted without delay once symptoms appear. Patient sex, donor age, triple-DMEK, and anterior keratometry also did not predict final BCVA in the literature. Preoperative CCT, ECD, and BCVA, and rebubbling occasionally appear in the literature as BCVA predictors, possibly reflecting an underlying ECD-BCVA axis.
The perspectives of oncology healthcare providers on the role of palliative care in a comprehensive cancer center
Authors: Anderson Trenley M. , Farrell Megan M. , Moss Gabriel , Gupta Mona , Mooney Stefanie , Daunov Katherine , Savernick Megan , Frandsen Jan , Verrona Kolby , Pecoraro Aryn , Mance Cassandra , Garcia Jorge , Lee Richard T. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Palliative care (PC) is an essential part of oncologic care, but its optimal role within a cancer center remains unclear. This study examines oncology healthcare providers’ perspectives about the role of PC at a comprehensive cancer center (CCC).

Methods
Physicians, nurses, and other oncology healthcare providers at a CCC were surveyed for their opinions about the role of inpatient and outpatient PC, preferences for PC services, and barriers to referral. Chi-squared tests and multiple regression analyses were performed to explore associations.

Results
We received 137/221 completed questionnaires (61% response rate). Respondents were generally female (78%), had ≤ 10 years of service (69%), and included physicians (32%), nurses (32%), and advanced practice providers (17%). Most respondents (82%) agreed that more patients could benefit from PC. They also agreed that PC is beneficial for both outpatient and inpatient management of complex pain (96 and 88%), complex symptoms (84 and 74%), and advanced cancer patients (80 and 64%). Transition to hospice (64 vs. 42%, p = 0.007) and goals of care (62 vs. 49%, p = 0.011) provided by PC services were more valued by respondents for the inpatient than for the outpatient setting. Barriers to utilizing PC included lack of availability, unsure of when to refer, and poor communication. The majority of respondents (83%) preferred a cancer focused PC team to provide high-quality care.

Conclusions
Overall, the majority of oncology health care providers believe that more patients could benefit from PC, but opinions vary regarding the roles of inpatient and outpatient PC. Barriers and areas for improvement include availability, referral process, and improved communication.
Burnout and work-privacy conflict – are there differences between full-time and part-time physicians?
Authors: Bodendieck E , Jung FU , Luppa M , Riedel-Heller SG 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Changes in everyday work with regard to working time models have reached the medical profession. The number of physicians working part-time is steadily increasing. At the same time, however, the population's need for care is also rising. This can reinforce the impending shortage of doctors in the future. The aim was to investigate differences in work-privacy conflict and burnout among physicians working full-time or part-time.

Method
The present study includes data from a baseline survey of the long-term study of physicians with different medical backgrounds. The analysis focused on a sub-sample of 598 physicians (not self-employed). The two main outcomes under investigation—burnout and work-privacy conflict—were measured using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory adapted for health care professionals, as well as the associated subscale of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). Data analyses included descriptive statistics followed by regression models.

Results
Descriptive analyses show, that 31.8% of physicians are working part-time, whereas 68.2% are working full-time. The part-time subsample is significantly older, and female physicians are more likely to work part-time. With regard to workload and work-privacy conflict, significant differences between part-time and full-time physicians were only observed in terms of work-privacy-conflict. However, regression analysis underline the importance of possible confounding variables (such as medical setting) within the relationship between job size and job-related well-being.

Discussion
Differences in working hour arrangements (full-time or part-time work) are only accompanied by less work-privacy conflict. No differences with regard to burnout (patient-related, work-related or personal) could be obtained. Rather, the data suggests that other job-related variables may play a role and should be further investigated.