bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decoupled Electrochemical Hydrazine “Splitting” via a Rechargeable Zn–Hydrazine Battery
Authors: Feng Yangyang , Shi Qingmei , Lin Jing , Chai Erchong , Zhang Xiang , Liu Zhenli , Jiao Lei , Wang Yaobing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHydrogen generation via electrochemical splitting plays an important role to achieve hydrogen economy. However, the large‐scale application is highly limited by high cost and low efficiency. Herein, a new type of rechargeable Zn–hydrazine (Zn–Hz) battery is proposed and realized by a bifunctional electrocatalyst based on two separate cathodic reactions of hydrogen evolution (discharge: 2H2O + 2e− → H2 + 2OH−) and hydrazine oxidation (charge: ). This Zn–Hz battery, driven by temporally decoupled electrochemical hydrazine splitting on the cathode during discharge and charge processes, can generate separated hydrogen without purification. When the highly active bifunctional cathode of 3D Mo2C/Ni@C/CS is paired with Zn foil, the Zn–Hz battery can achieve efficient hydrogen generation with a low energy input of less than 0.4 V (77.2 kJ mol−1) and high energy efficiency of 96%. Remarkably, this battery exhibits outstanding long‐term stability for 600 cycles (200 h), achieving continuous hydrogen production on demand, which presents great potential for practical application.
Highly Tunable Ferromagnetic 2D Electron Gases at Oxide Interfaces
Authors: Shin Hyungki , Liu Chong , Godin Simon , Li Fengmiao , Sutarto Ronny , Davidson Bruce A. , Zou Ke 
Published: October 2022

AbstractQuantum phenomena such as superconductivity usually emerge in strongly correlated oxide systems as the result of the interplay of spin, charge, and orbital degrees of freedom. Adding ferromagnetism to two‐dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) at oxide interfaces is intriguing due to their scientifically exotic and technically valuable properties, which may lead to new fundamental understanding and multifunctional applications. Here, ferromagnetic 2DEGs at the interface of polar antiferromagnetic LaTiO3 and nonpolar antiferromagnetic EuTiO3 are generated. The magnetotransport properties of these 2DEGs depend on the thickness of LaTiO3 that determines the carrier concentration, with all showing robust ferromagnetism up to 5.5 K. This magnetism is intrinsic to the strongly‐correlated 2D electron system and is highly sensitive and tunable based on the sample configuration. Thus, a prototype oxide system with magnetic functionality for spintronics and ferromagnetic semiconductors has been developed.
Dual Species Bacterial Challenge of a Biomimetic Nanostructured Surface
Authors: Hayles Andrew , Bright Richard , Hasan Jafar , Wood Jonathan , Palms Dennis , Barker Dan , Vasilev Krasimir 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAn ever‐present risk of medical device associated infection has driven a significant body of research toward development of novel anti‐infective materials. Surfaces bearing sharp nanostructures are an emerging technology to address this concern. The in vitro efficacy of antimicrobial nanostructures has previously been verified using single species cultures, but there remains a paucity of data to address the threat of infections containing more than one species. Polymicrobial infections are a concerning threat because they can complicate treatment, promote drug resistance, and harshen patient prognosis. In the present study, dual‐species cultures are employed to challenge the mechano‐bactericidal properties of nanostructured surfaces. Escherichia coli is used with either Staphylococcus aureus or Enterococcus faecalis due to their clinical relevance in implant associated infection. Despite the presence of two mixed species, a high rate of bactericidal activity is found. Interestingly, in the mixed culture containing Escherichia coli with Enterococcus faecalis, the nanostructured surface triggers a shift in species distribution to favor Enterococcus faecalis. Overall, this study highlights the potential for mechano‐bactericidal surfaces to minimize the burden of infections containing more than one species. It also serves as an enticing foundation for further research into more complex biointerfacial interactions.
The Role of Al2O3 ALD Coating on Sn‐Based Intermetallic Anodes for Rate Capability and Long‐Term Cycling in Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Soltani Niloofar , Abbas Syed Muhammad , Hantusch Martin , Lehmann Sebastian , Nielsch Kornelius , Bahrami Amin , Mikhailova Daria 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe electrochemical performances of CoSn2 and Ni3Sn4 as potential anode materials in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) are investigated using varying thicknesses of an alumina layer deposited by the atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique. Rate capability results showed that at high current densities, Al2O3‐coated CoSn2 and Ni3Sn4 electrodes after 10‐ALD cycles outperformed uncoated materials. The charge capacities of coated CoSn2 and Ni3Sn4 electrodes are 571 and 134 mAh g−1, respectively, at a high current density of 5 A g−1, while the capacities of uncoated electrodes are 363 and 11 mAh g−1. When the current density is reduced to 1 A g−1, however, the cycling performances of Al2O3‐coated CoSn2 and Ni3Sn4 electrodes fade faster after almost 40 cycles than uncoated electrodes. The explanation is found in the composition of the solid‐electrolyte interface (SEI), which strongly depends on the current rate. Thus, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of SEI layers on coated samples cycles at a low current density of 0.1 Ag−1, revealed organic carbonates as major products, which probably have a low ionic conductivity. In contrast, the SEI of coated materials cycled at 5 Ag−1 consists mostly of mixed inorganic/organic fluorine‐rich Al‐F and C‐F species facilitating a higher ionic transport, which improves electrochemical performance.
Light‐Tunable 2D Esaki Diode Photodetector with Well‐Balanced High Detectivity and Response Speed
Authors: Li Xuhong , Chen Xiaoqing , Deng Wenjie , Li Songyu , Chu Feihong , You Congya , Li Jingjie , Liu Famin , Zhang Yongzhe 
Published: October 2022

AbstractVan der Waals (vdW) heterojunctions composed of 2D layered materials exhibit novel physical phenomena that can power a range of electronic and photonic applications. Here, the first demonstration of the light switchable mechanism between the rectifier diode and Esaki diode in SnS2/WSe2‐black phosphorus (BP) vdW heterojunctions is presented. In this design, the photogating effect of WSe2‐BP junction is employed as the switch toggle between rectifier diode and Esaki diode. Based on this light switchable mechanism, a super‐linear photocurrent‐power dependence is observed and a high‐performance photodetector with high detectivity (5.1 × 1011 Jones) and rapid response speed (<112 us) is obtained. A feasible strategy for a well‐balanced photodetector with high detectivity and response speed in the vdW heterojunction is provided.
A Full Textile Capacitive Woven Sensor
Authors: Martínez‐Estrada Marc , Ventura Heura , Gil Ignacio , Fernández‐García Raúl 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a full textile capacitive woven sensor integrated over a textile substrate is presented. The sensor consists in an interdigitated capacitance prepared to measure moisture and/or presence detection. In order to evaluate the sensor response to moisture, capacitance has been measured by means of an LCR meter from 20 Hz to 20 kHz in a climatic chamber with a swept of the relative humidity (RH) from 30% to 90% at 20 °C. Subsequently, presence response is evaluated measuring the capacitance of the woven sensor meanwhile a person is sitting down and getting up. The woven sensor results demonstrate its functionality over moisture measurement where sensor capacitance changes from a minimum of 9.74 pF at 30% RH to a maximum of 2.31 uF at 90% RH. The presence detection is also demonstrated, which makes the capacitance variation change from a 10% of capacitance variation when the chair is empty, to a capacitance variation of 170% when a person is sitting on it. The adaptation of the weaving process to accomplish a fully integrated sensor provides a better repeatability than previous embroidered sensors and opens a door to being commercially produced.
Fabrication of Diverse Microparticles in a Unified Microfluidic Configuration
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Wang Bo , Xue Chenmu , Chen Xiaodong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFlow‐focusing microfluidic devices have been widely used for generating compound droplets. However, most devices are disposable and difficult to recycle, and key geometrical parameters cannot be changed after fabrication. This paper presents a reusable and adjustable microfluidic device composed of glass capillaries and polydimethylsiloxane. The main components of the device can be freely assembled and disassembled, illustrating the reproducibility and scalability of the device. The channel wall is composed of glass or polydimethylsiloxane, allowing for different wetting conditions. The experiments show that combining capillaries with straight, stepped, and tapered shapes can change the flow field at the channel junction. Thus, compound microdroplets with core‐shell, Janus, and ternary morphologies can be generated for the same combination of liquids. The droplets are used to prepare microparticles of different shapes. With the wide selection of off‐the‐shelf capillaries, this microfluidic configuration can be used for rapid prototyping, and mass production of the devices can allow for high‐throughput generation of droplets or particles in parallel.
A Facile Approach for 4D Microprinting of Multi‐Photoresponsive Actuators
Authors: Hsu Li‐Yun , Mainik Philipp , Münchinger Alexander , Lindenthal Sebastian , Spratte Tobias , Welle Alexander , Zaumseil Jana , Selhuber‐Unkel Christine , Wegener Martin , Blasco Eva 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFor microscale 4D photoresponsive actuators, light is crucial in two ways. First, the underlying additive manufacturing techniques rely on photopolymerization processes triggered by the absorption of light. Second, the absorption of light serves as the actuation stimulus. The two absorptions can be conflicting. While the microstructure requires strong absorption at the actuation wavelength(s), this absorption should not interfere with that of the manufacturing process. Herein, a simple strategy is proposed to overcome these limitations and allow for the fabrication of multi‐photoresponsive 3D microstructures that can be actuated at different wavelengths of light. Two‐photon 3D laser printing is selected as the fabrication technique and liquid crystalline (LC) elastomers as the functional materials. In a first step, 3D microstructures are fabricated using an aligned LC ink formulation. Thereafter, up to five different dyes exhibiting absorptions that extend over the entire visible regime (400–700 nm) are successfully incorporated into the LC microstructures by an exchange process enabling a programmable actuation by irradiating with the suitable wavelength. Furthermore, by combining dyes exhibiting orthogonal absorptions, wavelength‐selective actuations are demonstrated.
A Microfluidic Device for Long‐Term Maintenance of Organotypic Liver Cultures
Authors: de Hoyos‐Vega José M. , Hong Hye Jin , Loutherback Kevin , Stybayeva Gulnaz , Revzin Alexander 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLiver cultures may be used for disease modeling, testing therapies, and predicting drug‐induced injury. The complexity of the liver cultures has evolved from hepatocyte monocultures to co‐cultures with non‐parenchymal cells and finally to precision‐cut liver slices. The latter culture format retains liver's native biomolecular and cellular complexity and therefore holds considerable promise for in vitro testing. However, liver slices remain functional for ≈72 h in vitro and display limited utility for some disease modeling and therapy testing applications that require longer culture times. This paper describes a microfluidic device for longer‐term maintenance of functional organotypic liver cultures. This microfluidic culture system is designed to enable direct injection of liver tissue into a culture chamber through a valve‐enabled side port. Liver tissue is embedded in collagen and remained functional for up to 31 days, highlighted by continued production of albumin and urea. These organotypic cultures also express several enzymes involved in xenobiotic metabolism. Conversely, matched liver tissue embedded in collagen in a 96‐well plate loses its phenotype and function within 3–5 days. The microfluidic organotypic liver cultures described here represent a significant advance in liver cultivation and may be used for future modeling of liver diseases or for individualized liver‐directed therapies.
Recent Progress of Noncovalent Interaction‐Driven Self‐Assembly of Photonic Organic Micro‐/Nanostructures
Authors: Ma Ying‐Xin , Yin Hui‐Ling , Yang Jing , Lin Hong‐Tao , Chen Shu‐Hai , Zhou Jin , Zhuo Shu‐Ping , Wang Xue‐Dong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractModern organic photonics is heavily reliant on micro‐/nanostructured organic crystalline materials, not least because they exhibit advantageous physicochemical properties and can be easily fabricated by bottom‐up approaches such as self‐assembly driven by weak noncovalent intermolecular interactions (van der Waals forces, π–π interactions, hydrogen bonds, halogen bonds, charge transfer interactions, etc.). Herein, the effects of these interactions on organic crystal nucleation are summarized, the resulting low‐dimensional organic crystal structures and their optoelectronic applications are discussed, and future development prospects are presented to inspire the further investigation of such optofunctional structures.
Noncovalent Bridged Bis(Coumarin‐24‐Crown‐8) Phosphorescent Supramolecular Switch
Authors: Wang Hui‐Juan , Xing Wen‐Wen , Yu Zhen‐Hai , Zhang Heng‐Yi , Xu Wen‐Wen , Liu Yu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA multicolor room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) supramolecular photo‐switch encryption film is constructed by the coassembly of coumarin‐24‐crown‐8 (C24C8), diarylethene dicationic alkylammonium derivative (1), rhodamine B (RhB) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). Benefiting from the tightly binding of C24C8 and secondary alkylammonium ion, 1 formed noncovalent bridged bis(coumarin‐24‐crown‐8), which displayed photo‐switchable RTP with green afterglow (more than 5 s) after coassembly with PVA. Especially doping with RhB gave a photo‐switchable highly efficient phosphorescence‐harvesting system with multicolor through triplet‐to‐singlet Förster‐resonance energy transfer (TS‐FRET). The energy transfer efficiency and antenna effect of C24C8+RhB@PVA film reached 88.3% and 62.6 when the donor/acceptor ratio is 50:1, respectively. Therefore, diarylethene noncovalent bridged bis(coumarin‐24‐crown‐8) supramolecular assembly not only displays a multicolor photoluminescence‐switch, but also presents a phosphorescent photo‐switch with afterglow, which provides a simple and feasible way to construct smart RTP materials through host‐guest strategy.
Merging Gold(I) Catalysis with Amine Transaminases in Cascade Catalysis: Chemoenzymatic Transformation of Propargylic Alcohols into Enantioenriched Allylic Amines
Authors: González‐Granda Sergio , Tzouras Nikolaos V. , Nolan Steven P. , Lavandera Iván , Gotor‐Fernández Vicente 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe compatibility between gold(I) catalysts and amine transaminases has been explored to transform racemic propargylic alcohols into enantioenriched allylic amines in a straightforward and selective manner. The synthetic approach consists of a gold(I)‐catalysed Meyer‐Schuster rearrangement of a series of 2‐arylpent‐3‐yn‐2‐ols and a subsequent stereoselective enzyme‐catalysed transamination of the resulting α,β‐unsaturated prochiral ketones. The design of cascade processes involving sequential or concurrent approaches has been studied in our search for ideal reaction conditions to produce the desired amines. Thus, the N‐heterocyclic carbene complex [1,3‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)imidazol‐2‐ylidene]‐[bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)‐imide]gold(I) ([Au(IPr)(NTf2)] (A) in aqueous medium was found to be an ideal catalyst, while selective, made‐in‐house and commercial amine transaminases permitted the asymmetric synthesis of both (E)‐4‐arylpent‐3‐en‐2‐amine enantiomers in good isolated yields (53–84%) and excellent stereoselectivities (97 to >99% enantiomeric excess).magnified image
Rapid Plasma Exsolution from an A‐site Deficient Perovskite Oxide at Room Temperature
Authors: Khalid Hessan , Haq Atta ul , Alessi Bruno , Wu Ji , Savaniu Cristian D. , Kousi Kalliopi , Metcalfe Ian S. , Parker Stephen C. , Irvine John T. S. , Maguire Paul , Papaioannou Evangelos I. , Mariotti Davide 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHigh‐performance nanoparticle platforms can drive catalysis progress to new horizons, delivering environmental and energy targets. Nanoparticle exsolution offers unprecedented opportunities that are limited by current demanding process conditions. Unraveling new exsolution pathways, particularly at low‐temperatures, represents an important milestone that will enable improved sustainable synthetic route, more control of catalysis microstructure as well as new application opportunities. Herein it is demonstrated that plasma direct exsolution at room temperature represents just such a step change in the synthesis. Moreover, the factors that most affect the exsolution process are identified. It is shown that the surface defects produced initiate exsolution under a brief ion bombardment of an argon low‐pressure and low‐temperature plasma. This results in controlled nanoparticles with diameters ≈19–22 nm with very high number densities thus creating a highly active catalytic material for CO oxidation which rivals traditionally created exsolved samples.
18.9% Efficient Organic Solar Cells Based on n‐Doped Bulk‐Heterojunction and Halogen‐Substituted Self‐Assembled Monolayers as Hole Extracting Interlayers
Authors: Lin Yuanbao , Zhang Yadong , Zhang Junxiang , Marcinskas Mantas , Malinauskas Tadas , Magomedov Artiom , Nugraha Mohamad Insan , Kaltsas Dimitris , Naphade Dipti R. , Harrison George T. , El‐Labban Abdulrahman , Barlow Stephen , De Wolf Stefaan , Wang Ergang , McCulloch Iain , Tsetseris Leonidas , Getautis Vytautas , Marder Seth R. , Anthopoulos Thomas D. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe influence of halogen substitutions (F, Cl, Br, and I) on the energy levels of the self‐assembled hole‐extracting molecule [2‐(9H‐Carbazol‐9‐yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid (2PACz), is investigated. It is found that the formation of self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) of [2‐(3,6‐Difluoro‐9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid (F‐2PACz), [2‐(3,6‐Dichloro‐9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid (Cl‐2PACz), [2‐(3,6‐Dibromo‐9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid (Br‐2PACz), and [2‐(3,6‐Diiodo‐9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid (I‐2PACz) directly on indium tin oxide (ITO) increases its work function from 4.73 eV to 5.68, 5.77, 5.82, and 5.73 eV, respectively. Combining these ITO/SAM electrodes with the ternary bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) system PM6:PM7‐Si:BTP‐eC9 yields organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells with power conversion efficiency (PCE) in the range of 17.7%–18.5%. OPVs featuring Cl‐2PACz SAMs yield the highest PCE of 18.5%, compared to cells with F‐2PACz (17.7%), Br‐2PACz (18.0%), or I‐2PACz (18.2%). Data analysis reveals that the enhanced performance of Cl‐2PACz‐based OPVs relates to the increased hole mobility, decreased interface resistance, reduced carrier recombination, and longer carrier lifetime. Furthermore, OPVs featuring Cl‐2PACz show enhanced stability under continuous illumination compared to ITO/PEDOT:PSS‐based cells. Remarkably, the introduction of the n‐dopant benzyl viologen into the BHJ further boosted the PCE of the ITO/Cl‐2PACz cells to a maximum value of 18.9%, a record‐breaking value for SAM‐based OPVs and on par with the best‐performing OPVs reported to date.
The outcome of a multidisciplinary approach incorporating neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with S1 for resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Matsumura Masaru , Honda Goro , Tani Keigo , Nemoto Satoshi , Ome Yusuke , Hayakawa Sara , Suzuki Mizuka , Horiguchi Shin‐ichiro , Kikuyama Masataka , Seyama Yasuji 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimThis study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of a multidisciplinary approach incorporating neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with S1 (S1‐NACRT) for resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.MethodsThe medical records of 132 patients who received S1‐NACRT for resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma from 2010 to 2019 were reviewed. The S1‐NACRT regimen consisted of S1 at a dose of 80‐120 mg/body/day together with 1.8 Gy of radiation in 28 fractions. The patients were re‐evaluated 4 weeks after S1‐NACRT completion, and a pancreatectomy was then considered.ResultsAdverse events of S1‐NACRT ≥grade 3 occurred in 22.7% of the patients, and 1.5% discontinued therapy. Of the 112 patients who underwent a pancreatectomy, 109 underwent R0 resection. Adjuvant chemotherapy with relative dose intensity ≥50% was administered to 74.1% of the patients who underwent resection. The median overall survival of all patients was 47 months, and the median overall survival and recurrence‐free survival of patients who underwent resection was 71 and 32 months, respectively. According to the multivariate analyses of prognostic factors for overall survival in patients who underwent resection, negative margin status (hazard ratio: 0.182; P = 0.006) and relative dose intensity of adjuvant chemotherapy ≥50% (hazard ratio 0.294; P < 0.001) were independent prognostic factors of overall survival.ConclusionsA multidisciplinary approach incorporating S1‐NACRT for resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma demonstrated acceptable tolerability and good local control and resulted in comparable survival benefits.
Structure change of atactic polystyrene upon aging
Authors: Abdeldaym Ahmed , Brüning Ralf 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe report the changes of atactic polystyrene (a‐PS) upon annealing below the glass transition based on X‐ray scattering, volume, and differential scanning calorimetry measurements of samples in the quenched and annealed states. Upon relaxation, an increase of the main diffuse diffraction peak and a decrease of the polymerization peak, typical for a‐PS, are proportional to the enthalpy changes. The relaxation of enthalpy corresponds to a change of the fictive temperature by 6.1 K for annealing at 80°C for 24 h. The changes of the fictive temperature derived from the X‐ray structure factor are between 5.4 and 6.8 K, depending on the range of scattering vector. The relaxation signal has a zero crossing at low scattering angles. The volume of the samples, measured at ambient conditions, did not change upon relaxation. We attribute these observations to localized relaxation processes that involve a small number of phenyl groups.