bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment Patterns and Standardized Outcome Assessments Among Patients With Inflammatory Conditions of the Pouch in a Prospective Multicenter Registry
Authors: Barnes Edward L , Deepak Parakkal , Beniwal-Patel Poonam , Raffals Laura , Kayal Maia , Dubinsky Marla , Chang Shannon , Higgins Peter D R , Barr Jennifer I , Galanko Joseph , Jiang Yue , Cross Raymond K , Long Millie D , Herfarth Hans H 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Much of our understanding about the natural history of pouch-related disorders has been generated from selected populations. We designed a geographically diverse, prospective registry to study the disease course among patients with 1 of 4 inflammatory conditions of the pouch. The primary objectives in this study were to demonstrate the feasibility of a prospective pouch registry and to evaluate the predominant treatment patterns for pouch-related disorders.

Methods
We used standardized diagnostic criteria to prospectively enroll patients with acute pouchitis, chronic antibiotic-dependent pouchitis (CADP), chronic antibiotic refractory pouchitis (CARP), or Crohn’s disease (CD) of the pouch. We obtained detailed clinical and demographic data at the time of enrollment, along with patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures.

Results
We enrolled 318 patients (10% acute pouchitis, 27% CADP, 12% CARP, and 51% CD of the pouch). Among all patients, 55% were on a biologic or small molecule therapy. Patients with CD of the pouch were more likely to use several classes of therapy (P &lt; .001). Among patients with active disease at the time of enrollment, 23% with CARP and 40% with CD of the pouch were in clinical remission at 6 months after enrollment.

Conclusions
In a population where most patients had refractory inflammatory conditions of the pouch, we established a framework to evaluate PROs and clinical effectiveness. This infrastructure will be valuable for long-term studies of real-world effectiveness for pouch-related disorders.
Small vessel vasculitis associated with culture-negative infective endocarditis related to a cardiac device: a case report
Authors: El-Gaaly Maged , Tomlinson James Steven , Ezzo Talal 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Culture-negative endocarditis is uncommon, occurring in less than a third of all cases of infective endocarditis (IE). Culture-negative IE related to a cardiac device is an even greater diagnostic challenge due to its insidious presentation, with onset of symptoms ranging between 3 and 12 months after device implantation. Sensitivity of the modified Duke’s criteria remains low in culture-negative and cardiac device-related IE (CDRIE) since classical signs and symptoms of IE are often absent. Small vessel vasculitis has been reported as an immune response to IE. Recognizing immunological phenomenon related to IE is of paramount clinical importance, prompting the search for an underlying infection and avoiding the use of immunosuppressive medications which would otherwise result in an adverse outcome.

Case summary
An 81-year-old Caucasian male presented to the ambulatory medical unit with a two-week history of a symmetrical, generalized purpuric rash. He had an indwelling permanent pacemaker following a transcatheter aortic valve implantation for severe aortic stenosis five years ago. Blood tests showed an iron deficiency anaemia, thrombocytopenia and normal renal function, both CRP and ESR were raised at 61  and 30 mm/hr, respectively. Skin biopsy demonstrated small vessel cutaneous vasculitis. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a mobile mass measuring 0.9 × 1.7 cm, confirmed on transoesophageal echocardiogram as pacing lead endocarditis. Blood cultures were persistently negative. The patient underwent pacemaker lead extraction, following which the vasculitic rash improved.

Discussion
Blood cultures in IE are more likely to be negative if there is a prior antibiotic administration or causative micro-organisms with limited proliferation which fail to grow in conventional media conditions. Transesophageal echocardiography (TOE) offers improved sensitivity and diagnostic yield when compared to transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in patients with a high clinical suspicion of CDRIE. The evidence in the literature describing culture-negative IE associated with small vessel vasculitis is limited. However, it is recognized that cutaneous small vessel vasculitis may be associated with an underlying bacterial infection. IE produces an inflammatory response, resulting in the deposition of circulating immune complexes and cutaneous signs which are included in the modified Duke’s criteria to aid diagnosis. Management of CDRIE requires a multi-disciplinary team approach with an ‘Endocarditis Team.’ Pacemaker lead infection requires transvenous lead extraction if it is a newly implanted lead. Locking stylets, extraction sheaths or snare retrieval are usually required in cases of older implanted leads. Surgical lead extraction remains the gold standard for larger vegetations (&gt;20 mm) or associated valve endocarditis.
A case report of successful physiological pacing in a patient with lamin A/C cardiomyopathy
Authors: Chandra Mohan Nitin , Foley Paul , Chandrasekaran Badrinathan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Lamin A/C (LMNA) mutations account for 5–8% of familial dilated cardiomyopathies, and can manifest with conduction abnormalities and ventricular arrhythmias in 78% of patients. Therefore, when suspected, it is important to implant the correct type of device.

Case summary
A 52-year-old gentleman with a family history of cardiomyopathy, presented with asymptomatic atrial fibrillation and complete atrioventricular block associated with a narrow QRS interval. Investigations confirmed dilated and severely impaired left ventricular systolic function. He underwent successful conduction system pacing in combination with a primary prevention defibrillator. Genetic screening confirmed LMNA cardiomyopathy. During 3 years follow up, his left ventricular function remained unchanged with stable conduction system capture and he received appropriate therapy from his device for ventricular tachycardia.

Discussion
His-bundle pacing promotes rapid and synchronous activation of the ventricles via the intrinsic conduction system of the heart. In selected individuals with LMNA cardiomyopathy, conduction system pacing is viable alternative to conventional cardiac resynchronization therapy using coronary sinus tributaries.
A Matching Model of Co-Residence with a Family Network: Empirical Evidence from China
Authors: Guo Naijia , Xia Xiaoyu , Zhang Junsen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We develop a co-residence model between young adults and the elderly as an application of the Shapley–Shubik–Becker bilateral matching framework. This model captures competition between adult children and between parents and parents-in-law. Using microdata from China, we estimate our model by using a network simulation method to fill in partially unobservable marriage links. We find that our model explains the child-side and parent-side competitions observed in the data better than two alternative multinomial logit models with only one-sided competition. In addition, counterfactual experiments quantify the effects of changes in the one-child policy and housing prices on intergenerational co-residence.
Initial conditions and regional performance in the aftermath of disruptive shocks: the case of East Germany after socialism
Authors: Fritsch Michael , Wyrwich Michael 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We investigate how specific regional conditions found in East Germany at the end of the socialist regime impact development during the turbulent shock transition to a market economy. Both the self-employment rate (an indicator of a pre-socialist entrepreneurial tradition) and the share of the workforce with a university degree (as measure of the general qualification of the workforce) have a strong positive effect on regional development. Our results show that entrepreneurship and knowledge are key regional resources for mastering disruptive historical shocks.
Novel use of reverse double switch operation in failed left ventricular recruitment pathway
Authors: Barretta Jorge O , Grinenco Sofía , Osuna Juan M , Napoli Natalia S 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In spite of great advances in staged left ventricle recruitment strategy, some patients do not achieve biventricular circulation nor are candidates for reversal to single-ventricle palliation. We present a case of a successful reverse double switch operation in a patient with failure of left ventricle recruitment and pulmonary hypertension. This strategy provided a one-and-a-half repair with a sub-pulmonary hypoplastic left ventricle that improved the patient’s clinical status, becoming a novel alternative in this particular subset of patients.
Policy analysis: User monitoring of in-vitro diagnostic medical devices used for near-patient testing of infectious diseases
Authors: Dimech Wayne , Lamoury Francois , Ding Xavier C , Lastra Leticia Megias , Vincini Giuseppe , Sands Anita 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
All individuals should have equitable access to accurate and timely testing for infectious diseases, which underpins diagnosis and treatment, safeguards blood supplies, and is used to determine disease prevalence. Disadvantaged populations have limited access to laboratory-based testing, so near-patient or point-of-care testing (PoCT) has been developed and implemented. Unlike laboratory-based testing, PoCT is often performed by non-laboratory staff and outside regulatory frameworks. Quality assurance (QA) of PoCT is often lacking or inappropriate, meaning inaccurate testing can go undetected, leading to poor patient outcomes.

Objective
To review the application of QA of PoCT use to detect infectious diseases and propose fit-for-purpose alternatives.

Method
A review of the current QA of PoCT was undertaken by experienced QA providers by mapping the points of failure. Barriers to providing PoCT QA include inappropriate and unstable sample types; expensive shipping to remote sites, including dry ice shipment; cost of international QA programmes; regulatory costs; fixed test events; and a lack of technology for simple, centralized data collection facilitating rapid analysis and reporting of test results. Based on these findings, a novel, fit-for-purpose model of QA for PoCT for infectious diseases is described.

Results
The new model for QA for PoCT identifies and describes novel sample types, including dry tube samples, dried swabs, or liquid-stable clinical samples that are inactivated and stable at ambient temperature; modified distribution channels; and a method for data collection and analysis using mobile phone technology.

Conclusion
The findings of this paper seek to describe a fit-for-purpose process, which aims to improve the quality of testing for infectious diseases at PoCT, globally.
Autonomous construction of parameterizable 3D leaf models from scanned sweet pepper leaves with deep generative networks
Authors: Moon Taewon , Choi Hayoung , Kim Dongpil , Hwang Inha , Kim Jaewoo , Shin Jiyong , Son Jung Eek 
Published: August 2022

AbstractVisible traits can be criteria for selecting a suitable crop. Three-dimensional (3D)-scanned plant models can be used to extract visible traits; however, collecting scanned data and physically manipulating point-cloud structures of the scanned models are difficult. Recently, deep generative models have shown high performance in learning and creating target data. Deep generative models can improve the versatility of scanned models. The objectives of this study were to generate sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) leaf models and to extract their traits by using deep generative models. The leaves were scanned, preprocessed and used to train the deep generative models. The variational autoencoder, generative adversarial network (GAN) and latent space GAN were used to generate the desired leaves. The optimal number of latent variables in the model was selected via the Jensen–Shannon divergence (JSD). The generated leaves were evaluated by using the JSD, coverage and minimum matching distance to determine the best model for leaf generation. Among the deep generative models, a modified GAN showed the highest performance. Sweet pepper leaves with various shapes were generated from eight latent variables following a normal distribution, and the morphological traits of the leaves were controlled through linear interpolation and simple arithmetic operations in latent space. Simple arithmetic operations and gradual changes in the latent space modified the leaf traits. Deep generative models can parameterize and generate morphological traits in digitized 3D plant models and add realism and diversity to plant phenotyping studies.
Antimicrobial-resistant Enterobacterales colonization in people with HIV
Authors: Henderson Heather I , Ruegsegger Laura , Alby Kevin , Smedberg Jason R , Hill Bravada M , Brown Dylan , Wohl David A , Napravnik Sonia , Van Duin David 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
People with HIV (PWH) may be at increased risk for MDR Enterobacterales (MDR-E) infection or colonization, relative to individuals without HIV, due to a greater burden of comorbidities as well as HIV-related intestinal inflammation and microbiota alterations.

Objectives
To characterize antibiotic susceptibility of enteric Enterobacterales and risk factors for antimicrobial-resistant bacterial infections in a sample of PWH attending routine clinic visits.

Methods
Participants provided self-administered rectal swabs and completed questionnaires regarding healthcare, travel and occupational exposures for the prior 12 months. Rectal samples were processed to identify Enterobacterales species, and susceptibility testing was performed.

Results
Among 82 participants, 110 Enterobacterales isolates were obtained. Non-susceptibility was common for penicillins, sulphonamides and first-generation cephalosporins. MDR-E was present in 20% of participants. HIV-related characteristics, including current or nadir CD4 cell count, viral suppression, or AIDS-defining clinical conditions, were not associated with MDR-E.

Conclusions
MDR-E colonization is common in this population of PWH. Further research evaluating risk factors for MDR-E in PWH may inform infection prevention approaches to better protect at-risk populations from these difficult-to-treat infections.
Review of Burn Resuscitation: Is Plasmalyte® a Comparable Alternative to Ringer’s Lactate?
Authors: Cappuyns Laura , Tridente Ascanio , Stubbington Yvonne , Dempsey-Hibbert Nina Claire , Shokrollahi Kayvan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Ringer’s lactate has been the most widely used fluid for burn resuscitation for decades. Plasmalyte® (PL), a newer balanced crystalloid, is gaining popularity for use in the critically ill, including patients with burns. This popularity is partly due to the fact that PL theoretically offers a favorable metabolic profile, but may also be attributed to its relatively lower cost. Patients who are critically ill with large burns receive enormous volumes of fluids, especially during the resuscitation period. The choice of balanced crystalloid solution used is likely to have an impact on the metabolic status of patients and their overall outcomes. The choice of fluid for burn resuscitation has been one of the most researched topics in burn care and various types of fluids have been superseded based on research findings. This narrative review examines the evidence guiding fluid management in burns and explores the data supporting the use of balanced crystalloid solutions, in particular PL for burn resuscitation. Our literature search revealed only one study that focused on a direct comparison between PL and standard Ringer’s Lactate for burn resuscitation. Based on the limited literature on the use of PL in burns, it is difficult to draw meaningful conclusions. Further research, into the suitability of PL for use in burns, is needed before formulary changes are instituted widely.
Appressed, directed and silicified trichomes of the kudzu climbing vine
Authors: Seo Dahye , Park Junhyung , Kim Ki Woo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Kudzu (Pueraria montana var. lobata) is becoming one of the most prevalent climbing vines in urban forests. Here, surface characteristics of kudzu leaves and stems are investigated using field-emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis. The leaf and stem surfaces were characterized by different types of trichomes. No adhesive pads, modified hooks or tendrils were found on kudzu vines. Trichomes on the leaves and stems of kudzu could be categorized into (i) complex bulbous glandular trichomes and (ii) needle-shaped nonglandular trichomes (NSNGTs). Two morphotypes of the nonglandular trichomes were present on the stems: (i) long hairy nonglandular trichomes and (ii) short NSNGTs. The leaf trichomes were appressed and oriented in an uphill direction, whereas the stem trichomes were appressed and oriented in a downhill direction. This opposite trichome orientation appears to facilitate climbing and prohibits slipping of kudzu vines through differential friction between the plants and the kudzu vines. X-ray microanalysis revealed a distinct accumulation of silicon in the leaf and stem trichomes. These results suggest that appressed, directed and silicified trichomes may contribute to the twining behavior of kudzu vines.
Theosis as Limitation: The Case of the Apocalypse and Martyrs
Authors: Azar Michael G 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
While a variety of scholars and theologians of the modern period have understood the doctrine of theosis as a Greek outgrowth of simpler Jewish seedlings, the apocalyptic and martyrological texts examined here suggest something of the opposite. In a theological environment when christological accuracy was in its infancy and polytheistic motifs and heavenly hierarchies were common and unremarkable, John’s Apocalypse and early martyrologies themselves blurred the distinction between Christ and the martyrs to such a degree that the language of theosis—particularly after the waning of regular martyrdom—arose alongside the language of christological accuracy as a means to reel in and clarify problematic claims in more taxonomically sound ways. In other words, what the stabilization of orthodox Christology did for early, controversial views of Jesus, the stabilization of the language of theosis did for early, controversial views of the martyrs, who had often been worshipped alongside, if not in lieu of, Christ himself. The doctrine of theosis thus came to serve chiefly as a limitation on, rather than a simple outgrowth of, earlier soteriological claims.
MIGHTEE: the nature of the radio-loud AGN population
Authors: Whittam I H , Jarvis M J , Hale C L , Prescott M , Morabito L K , Heywood I , Adams N J , Afonso J , An Fangxia , Ao Y , Bowler R A A , Collier J D , Deane R P , Delhaize J , Frank B , Glowacki M , Hatfield P W , Maddox N , Marchetti L , Matthews A M , Prandoni I , Randriamampandry S , Randriamanakoto Z , Smith D J B , Taylor A R , Thomas N L , Vaccari M 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
We study the nature of the faint radio source population detected in the MeerKAT International GHz Tiered Extragalactic Exploration (MIGHTEE) Early Science data in the COSMOS field, focusing on the properties of the radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Using the extensive multiwavelength data available in the field, we are able to classify 88 per cent of the 5223 radio sources in the field with host galaxy identifications as AGNs (35 per cent) or star-forming galaxies (54 per cent). We select a sample of radio-loud AGNs with redshifts out to z ∼ 6 and radio luminosities 1020 &lt; L1.4 GHz/W Hz−1 &lt; 1027 and classify them as high-excitation and low-excitation radio galaxies (HERGs and LERGs). The classification catalogue is released with this work. We find no significant difference in the host galaxy properties of the HERGs and LERGs in our sample. In contrast to previous work, we find that the HERGs and LERGs have very similar Eddington-scaled accretion rates; in particular we identify a population of very slowly accreting AGNs that are formally classified as HERGs at these low radio luminosities, where separating into HERGs and LERGs possibly becomes redundant. We investigate how black hole mass affects jet power, and find that a black hole mass ≳ 107.8 M⊙ is required to power a jet with mechanical power greater than the radiative luminosity of the AGN (Lmech/Lbol &gt; 1). We discuss that both a high black hole mass and black hole spin may be necessary to launch and sustain a dominant radio jet.
A search for period changes of eight short-period Type II Cepheids
Authors: Yacob Alemiye M , Berdnikov Leonid N , Pastukhova Elena N , Kniazev Alexei Y , Whitelock Patricia A 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
In this study, we investigate the period changes of eight short-period Type II Cepheids of the BL Her subtype, i.e. with periods in the 1–4 d range. The O − C diagrams for these stars are constructed using all suitable observational data from ground and space surveys. This spans a time interval of over one century and includes digitized photographic plates as well as photometry from the literature. The O − C diagrams show parabolic evolutionary trends, which indicate the presence of both increasing and decreasing periods for these eight short-period stars. These period changes are in good agreement with the recent theoretical evolutionary framework and stellar evolution models for BL Her stars. The pulsation stability test proposed by Lombard and Koen also suggests that the changes in the periods are real.
The long non-coding RNA SPRIGHTLY and its binding partner PTBP1 regulate exon 5 skipping of SMYD3 transcripts in group 4 medulloblastomas
Authors: Lee Bongyong , Katsushima Keisuke , Pokhrel Rudramani , Yuan Menglang , Stapleton Stacie , Jallo George , Wechsler-Reya Robert J , Eberhart Charles G , Ray Animesh , Perera Ranjan J 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Although some of the regulatory genes, signaling pathways, and gene regulatory networks altered in medulloblastomas (MB) are known, the roles of non-coding RNAs, particularly long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), are poorly described. Here we report that the lncRNA SPRIGHTLY (SPRY4-IT1) gene is upregulated in group 4 medulloblastoma (G4 MB).

Methods
SPRIGHTLY expression was assessed in MB subgroup patient-derived xenografts, cell lines, and patient samples. The effect of SPRIGHTLY hemizygous deletion on proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, and colony formation were assessed in vitro and on tumor growth in vivo. dChIRP pull-down assays were used to assess SPRIGHTLY-binding partners, confirmed by immunoprecipitation. SMYD3 ΔE5 transcripts were examined in cell lines and publicly available RNA-seq data. Pathway analysis was performed by phospho-kinase profiling and RNA-seq.

Results
CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of SPRIGHTLY reduced cell viability and invasion and increased apoptosis in G4 MB cell lines in vitro. SPRIGHTLY hemizygous-deleted G4 MB cells injected into mouse cerebellums produced smaller tumors than those derived from parental cells expressing both copies of SPRIGHTLY. SPRIGHTLY lncRNA bound to the intronic region of the SMYD3 pre-mRNA transcript. SPRIGHTLY also interacted with PTPB1 protein to regulate SMYD3 exon skipping to produce an aberrant protein. SPRIGHTLY-driven SMYD3 regulation enhanced the expression of EGFR pathway genes in G4 MB cell lines and activated cell coagulation/hemostasis-related gene expression, suggesting a novel oncogenic role in G4 MB.

Conclusions
These results demonstrate the importance of SPRIGHTLY lncRNA as a promoter of G4 MB and the role of the SPRIGHTLY-SMYD3-PTPB1 axis as an important oncogenic regulator in MB.