bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute and sub-chronic toxicity assessment and evaluation of the gastro-protective activity of polyherbal formulation “Mystomate4®” against gastric ulcer in experimental laboratory animal
Authors: Awobajo Funmileyi Olubajo , Sofidiya Margaret Oluwatoyin , Asekun Olayinka Taiwo , Familoni Babafemi Oluwole 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundUlcer remains a health challenge worldwide with antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors as major management therapy. The study investigated the acute, sub-chronic toxicity and gastrointestinal protective activity of a polyherbal formulation (Mystomate4®) used locally in Nigeria.MethodsOral LD50and the sub-chronic toxicity test were determined in mice and rats. Mice were grouped into 8 groups of 8 mice each. They were dosed a graded concentration of the formulation (1.28, 2.56; 5.12; 10.24; 20.48; 40.96; 81.92; 163.84 g/kg body weight). The graded dose used was arrived at after an initial pilot study. Thereafter doses were chosen around the dose obtained from the pilot study. Animal were dosed orally and observed for sign of toxicity and number of death recorded after 24 h. The sub-chronic toxicity study was carried out for 3 months in rats at a dose of 2.5 and 5.0 g/kg body weight arrived at by titrating down the LD50value after which some vital tissues were harvested and assessed for toxicity using relevant biomarkers. Anti-ulcer activity was evaluated in rats using ethanol, indomethacin and pylorus ligation induced ulcer models. Data were analysed with Graph Pad Prism version 5.0 using appropriate statistical method and significant level placed atp ≤ 0.05.ResultsThe acute toxicity study showed an LD50result of 22,837.21 g/kg. The sub-chronic toxicity study resulted in a significant reduction in body weight due to significant decrease (p ≤ 0.05) in feed consumption. Biochemical analyses of the blood samples showed a significant increase (p ≤ 0.05) in creatinine and albumin level in the 2.5 mg/kg female group. ALT was significantly increased in all the treated rats except in 2 mg/kg female rats. Alkaline phosphatase significantly increased in high dosed male (HM) group while blood urea:creatinine ratio was significantly lowered in all the treated groups. There was a significant increase in serum TGL in all rats while LDL was significantly increased and decreased in HM and high dosed female (HF) respectively.ConclusionMystomate4® showed significant protection against ethanol and indomethacin-induced ulcer models but did not modify the gastric parameters in pylorus ligation-induced ulcer model. The polyherbal formulation is nontoxic with promising potentials for treating experimental peptic ulcer.
Major intraoperative bleeding and drastic change in circulatory dynamics in a pregnant patient with metastatic pheochromocytoma: a case report
Authors: Kurosawa Sumire , Yamasaki Hiroyuki , Hasegawa Wakuya , Mori Takashi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Metastatic pheochromocytoma in the spine is a very rare complication during pregnancy. We report anesthesia in a pregnant woman for resection of an undiagnosed spinal tumor, accompanied by remarkable hemodynamic changes and massive bleeding.

Case presentation
A 33-year-old woman at 17 weeks of gestation presented with the rapid progress of bilateral lower leg paralysis. A diagnosis of spinal tumor was made, and surgical resection was planned. Although the surgery was suspended because of remarkable hemodynamic changes and massive bleeding, fetal heart rate was stable. Postoperative examination revealed pheochromocytoma in the urinary bladder as a primary lesion with spinal metastasis.

Conclusion
Although spinal pheochromocytoma is extremely rare in pregnant women, it should be suspected when abnormal hypertension is observed with accompanying neurological deficits. Preservation of maternal circulation and uteroplacental blood flow should be the first priority during anesthesia.
Making sense of dislocation correlations
Authors: Hochrainer Thomas , Weger Benedikt , Gupta Satyapriya 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSince crystal plasticity is the result of moving and interacting dislocations, it seems self-evident that continuum plasticity should in principle be derivable as a statistical continuum theory of dislocations, though in practice we are still far from doing so. One key to any statistical continuum theory of interacting particles is the consideration of spatial correlations. However, because dislocations are extended one-dimensional defects, the classical definition of correlations for point particles is not readily applicable to dislocation systems: the line-like nature of dislocations entails that a scalar pair correlation function does not suffice for characterizing spatial correlations and a hierarchy of two-point tensors is required in general. The extended nature of dislocations as closed curves leads to strong self-correlations along the dislocation line. In the current contribution, we thoroughly introduce the concept of pair correlations for general averaged dislocation systems and illustrate self-correlations as well as the content of low order correlation tensors using a simple model system. We furthermore detail how pair correlation information may be obtained from three-dimensional discrete dislocation simulations and provide a first analysis of correlations from such simulations. We briefly discuss how the pair correlation information may be employed to improve existing continuum dislocation theories and why we think it is important for analyzing discrete dislocation data.
First record of Compsilura concinnata (Meigen, 1824) (Diptera: Tachinidae) attacking Orgyia trigotephras (Boisduval, 1829) in Tunisia
Authors: Hammami Sonia , Yangui Islem , Ezzine Olfa , Bystrowski Cezary , Sikora Katarzyna , Ben Jamâa Mohamed Lahbib 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The polyphagous tachinid Compsilura concinnata is an endoparasitoid fly recorded as attacking larvae of Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera. Larvae of Orgyia trigotephras [Lepidoptera: Erebidae] were collected from northern Tunisia and reared in the laboratory.

Results
Adult flies that emerged from these larvae were identified on the basis of morphological description and DNA analysis (PCR) as Compsilura concinnata.

Conclusion
Compsilura concinnata is recorded here for the first time from Orgyia trigotephras in Tunisia. This species could be of great interest as a potential biological control agent of pests in Tunisia and neighboring countries.
Temperature clusters in commercial buildings using k-means and time series clustering
Authors: Wickramasinghe Ashani , Muthukumarana Saman , Loewen Dan , Schaubroeck Matt 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAn efficient building should be able to control its internal temperature in a manner that considers both the building’s energy efficiency and the comfort level of its occupants. Thermostats help to control the temperature within a building by providing real-time data on the temperature inside that space to determine whether it is within the acceptable range of that building’s control system, and proper thermostat placement helps to better control a building’s temperature. More thermostats can provide better control of a building, as well as a better understanding of the building’s temperature distribution. In order to determine the minimum number of thermostats required to accurately measure and control the internal temperature distribution of a building, it is necessary to find the locations that show similar environmental conditions. In this paper, we analyzed high resolution temperature measurements from a commercial building using wireless sensors to assess the performance and health of the building’s HVAC zoning and controls system. Then we conducted two cluster analyses to evaluate the efficiency of the existing zoning structure and to find the optimal number of clusters. K-means and time series clustering were used to identify the temperature clusters per building floor. Based on statistical assessments, we observed that time series clustering showed better results than k-means clustering.
Measurement instruments for fast and frequent data collection during the early phase of COVID-19 in Germany: reflections on the Mannheim Corona Study
Authors: Cornesse Carina , Gonzalez Ocanto Marisabel , Fikel Marina , Friedel Sabine , Krieger Ulrich , Rettig Tobias , Blom Annelies G. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a vast increase in the demand for fast, frequent, and multi-faceted data to study the impact of the pandemic on people’s lives. Existing data collection infrastructures had to be adapted quickly during the early phase of the pandemic to meet this data demand. Our research group contributed to this by conducting the Mannheim Corona Study (MCS), a longitudinal probability-based online survey, in a daily rotating panel design that took place from March 20 through July 10, 2020. The fast-and-frequent panel data collection design of the MCS had numerous consequences for designing its questionnaires and choosing its measurement instruments. This included designing new instruments on the fly in the ever-changing pandemic environment, making efficient use of limited questionnaire space, and deciding on measurement frequencies in a structured manner under uncertain external conditions. In this report, we document the MCS approach to choosing measurement instruments fit for the purpose of fast and frequent data collection during the early phase of COVID-19 in Germany. We particularly highlight three examples of measurement instruments in the MCS and reflect on their measurement properties.
Co-positivity of anti-dsDNA, anti-nucleosome, and anti-smith autoantibodies as serological biomarkers for disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Elsayed Sahar Abdel-Rahman , Kamaly Heba Maher , Esmail Mohamed Ali 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Evaluation of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients is important for modulating the therapeutic plan and decreasing organ damage. Autoantibodies are important serological biomarkers in SLE. We evaluated the effect of co-positivity of anti-dsDNA, anti-nucleosome, and anti-smith, autoantibodies on the SLEDAI score in SLE patients.

Results
Eighty adult SLE patients were included in this study. The correlations of the three autoantibodies with the SLEDAI score in addition to their sensitivity and specificity for the assessment of disease activity were analyzed. There was a highly significant difference between anti-dsDNA, anti-nucleosome, and anti-smith positive and negative groups as regards the SLEDAI score. Increased number of autoantibody positivity was associated with an increased mean rank of SLEDAI, and the three autoantibodies were positively correlated with each other and with the SLEDAI score. Roc curve analysis revealed that anti-smith has the highest sensitivity (90%) followed by anti-dsDNA and anti-nucleosome (85% for each). Moreover, anti-dsDNA had the highest specificity (88%) followed by anti-nucleosome (86%) then anti-smith (84%).

Conclusions
Anti-dsDNA, anti-nucleosome, and anti-smith autoantibodies have a positive correlation with the SLEDAI score, and they may be considered as good serological biomarkers for the assessment of disease activity in SLE patients.
A questionnaire to measure the quality of life in a forensic hospital
Authors: Büsselmann M. , Streb J. , Dudeck M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionQuality of life should be an important issue to everyone. In the general population and in various medical disciplines, this topic has been studied extensively. In forensic psychiatry, this topic has received little attention so far.ObjectivesWithin this project a questionnaire that measures the quality of life in forensic hospitals was developed.MethodsAs a basis the questionnaire measuring the quality of prison life (MQPL) by Liebling et al. (2011), which was designed only for using in prisons, was used. First, this questionnaire was translated, then adapted to the living conditions in forensic hospitals and supplemented by questions regarding therapeutic support. For the psychometric evaluation of the instrument, a one-time survey was conducted at 13 forensic hospitals in Bavaria. A total of 255 patients took part, 25 of whom were female. In summary, the reliability of the MQPL can be rated as very good.ResultsThe factor structure was checked with a confirmatory factor analysis and was confirmed. There are significant differences between the 13 Bavarian forensic hospitals in the subscales admission to a forensic hospital, equal treatment, quality of accommodation and therapeutic services.ConclusionsThe great importance of the quality of life in the penal system is shown by the fact that a good quality of life contributes to reduced psychological distress of inpatients.
Probation of the offender with high functioning autistic traits and comorbidity. A case study
Authors: Riolo A. , Keller R. , Battaglia R. , Albert U. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionWhen the Criminal Court Judge applies probation, the offender is entrusted to social assistants for the necessary observation, treatment and support. This case study examines the probation of a young man with high-functioning autistic traits, personality disorder and legal/illegal substance abuse. This young man, who arrived only in adulthood to a diagnosis of autistic traits, is aware only that is non-neurotypical. He does not recognize that he needs treatment for personality disorder, alcohol, substance and drug abuse. He faces a sentence of more than three years in prison but the Judge suspends the criminal trial.ObjectivesClarify the relationship between high functioning autistic traits, comorbidity with personality disorder and drugs/substance abuse, and crimes committed; also describe the orientation of the Judge and what difficulties arise during the probation.MethodsExamination of the criminal file and medical documents of the offender, known by social and health services.ResultsThe offender correlates the crimes and its frailty with autism and not with antisocial behaviours to gain economic benefits from drug dealing.ConclusionsThe deficit in the social communication and lack of empathy for child victimes, for example, limits the effectiveness of probation. The probation, for a young with high-functioning autistic traits and comorbidity, does not seem to give satisfactory results in terms of rehabilitation and social integration, nor does it produce the extinction of crime.
Agression and violent behaviour risk assessment
Authors: Marinho G. , Almeida S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionAfter discharge from forensic psychiatric hospital, rates of violent reoffending are reported to range from 2% to 8% per year in high income countries. Risk assessment informs decisions around admission to and discharge from secure psychiatric hospital and contributes to treatment and supervision Current approaches to assess violence risk in secure hospitals are resource intensive, limited by accuracy and authorship bias. Forensic Violence Oxford (FoVOx) was developed using all forensic psychiatric patients in Sweden, based on the largest forensic psychiatric sample to date, and has the advantage of using routinely available data, which are less liable to bias than interview-based measures.ObjectivesLiterature review on the Forensic Psychiatry and Violence Oxford (FoVOx) tool.MethodsPubmed and Google Scholar searchResultsThe 12 items within the FoVOx tool are sex, age, previous violent crime, previous serious violent crime, primary discharge diagnosis, drug use disorder at point of hospitalization or discharge, any lifetime drug use disorder, alcohol use disorder at point of hospitalization or discharge, personality disorder at discharge, employment at admission, five or more prior inpatient episodes, and whether current length of stay has exceeded one year.ConclusionsThe FoVOx tool is scalable, quick, free to use and available online. Its use could enable clinicians to provide a reasonably accurate risk assessment in a brief and cost-effective way, and free up time to focus on clinical care and risk management rather than risk assessment.
What can we learn about perpetrators of domestic and familial homicide and their involvement with mental health services from domestic homicide reviews?
Authors: Macinnes P. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe evidence that supports an association between domestic violence and abuse (DVA) perpetration and mental disorders is increasing. Since 2011, authorities in England and Wales have been required to conduct Domestic Homicide Reviews (DHRs) into deaths caused by violence, abuse or neglect of individuals aged 16 or over, by a family member or a current or ex-partner.ObjectivesThe aim of the study is to describe the characteristics of perpetrators of domestic homicide in a sample of DHR reports in which the perpetrator was known to mental health services in the 12 months before the offence. This sample will undergo qualitative framework analysis as part of another study conducted by the authors.MethodsThe researchers compiled a list of DHRs available online and randomly sampled 168 reports; in 20 of those reports, the perpetrators were under the care of mental health services in the 12 months prior to the offence. We have applied descriptive statistics to report on the sample characteristics.ResultsThe common mental illnesses diagnosed amongst perpetrators were depression (20%), anxiety (15%) and schizophrenia (15%). 25% of the perpetrators didn’t have a psychiatric diagnosis and 70% had a history of self-harm and suicidal ideation. Substance use was prevalent (60%). Half of the homicides involved children.ConclusionsThis report describes the demographic and mental health characteristics of a sample of perpetrators of domestic homicides. Further research is needed into the patterns of mental health service use by DVA perpetrators in order to improve identification and risk management.Conflict of interestNo significant relationships.
Tidier. e-sport; a recovery oriented intervention in forensic psychiatry
Authors: Sørensen L. , Kennedy H. , Jensen B. , Terkildsen M. , Poulsen R. , Josefsen M. , Lieto A. Di 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionRecently video gaming, have attracted considerable attention for its possible beneficial therapeutic effects, the possibility for testing behavior in safe artificial environments and as a tool for professionals and patients to build specific competencies for the everyday life. Also, a substantial amount of research suggests that videogaming might improve the participants social and cognitive skills and emotional regulation. There is little or no evidence that videogaming increases long term aggression or leads to physical aggression. At a medium secure forensic psychiatric in-patient ward, the patients and staff engage in weekly E – Sport sessions (primarily counterstrike) to further the recovery process.ObjectivesTo provide a standardized description of how E-sport is organized and used in the recovery process among forensic psychiatric patients.MethodsThe Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist and guide is widely used to in health research to describe interventions in clinical trials and other health research contexts. By use of TIDieR we describe a newly developed E-sport intervention, in which staff members and patients in a medium secure forensic psychiatric ward engage in weekly E-Sport sessions (primarily counterstrike) to improve patient–staff relationship.ResultsThe E-sport intervention is detailed by use of the 12 TIDieR items and practical experiences and insights will be described.ConclusionsThis standardized and detailed description of how is used in a recovery-oriented process in forensic psychiatry can be used for future studies that wishes to implement the intervention or for research studies replicating the treatment.Conflict of interestNo significant relationships.
Factors related to the dangerousness of psychiatric inpatients
Authors: Kacem M. , Khouadja S. , Brahim S. , Chaouch A. , Zarrouk L. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionMental illness may explain some acting outs, but it does not necessarily lead to a dangerous attitude.ObjectivesDescribe the socio-demographic, clinical and therapeutic characteristics of patients considered dangerous and to identify the determinants of psychiatric dangerousness.MethodsWe carried out a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study during six months including patients hospitalized in the psychiatric department at the University Hospital of Mahdia. The data was collected using a 47-item pre-established questionnaire. The assessment of general psychopathology was carried out using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and that of dangerousness using the Historical Clinical Risk-20 scale (HCR-20).ResultsWe have collected 143 patients. The average age was 35 years. The majority of patients were single (70.6%). More than half of the population had addictive behaviors (60.1%). Personal psychiatric and criminal histories were present in 81.1% and 11.9% of cases respectively. More than three-quarters of patients (81.8%) were hospitalized without their consent. Hetero-aggressiveness was the main reason for hospitalization (67.8%). The diagnosis was schizophrenia and bipolar disorder type 2 in 21% of cases for each. The evaluation of psychiatric dangerousness by the HCR-20 scale revealed a mean score of 20.6 with an HCR-20 > 20 in 58.7% of cases indicating a high risk of violence. Factors contributing to violent or criminal behavior in psychiatric inpatients were marital status, presence of personal psychiatric history, presence of criminal history and hospitalization modalities.ConclusionsThe results of our study were generally consistent with the data in the literature.
Personality variables among sexual offenders with and without diagnosis of paraphilic disorders
Authors: Oronowicz-Jaśkowiak W. , Lew-Starowicz M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionSexual offenders are classified in terms of the act they have committed, diagnosis of sexual preference disorder (paraphilic disorder), and the potential motives behind the act. The typology that is often used in forensic-sexological practice is the division into preferential and non-preferential perpetrators, i.e. perpetrators showing or not showing a sexual preference disorder.ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to assess whether psychosocial and personality variables significantly differ between the group of preferential and non-preferential sexual offenders.MethodsThe study involved 120 persons, including 60 preferential and 60 non-preferential sexual offenders. The participants were presented with selected, standardized psychological tools to personality traits, self-esteem, life satisfaction, capacity to understand emotions, attachment style.ResultsThe study involved 120 persons, including 60 preferential and 60 non-preferential sexual offenders. The participants were presented with selected, standardized psychological tools to personality traits, self-esteem, life satisfaction, capacity to understand emotions, attachment style.ConclusionsDifferences between the both study groups and the male standardization sample suggest worse psychosocial functioning of sexual offenders. A critical analysis of the methodological limitations of this study have been presented.Conflict of interestScientific work was financed from the budget for science in the years 2017-2021, as a research project DI 16/003046 under the programme „Diamond Grant”.