bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Readiness of Nuclear Energy Development in Uganda
Authors: S. Mutumba Geoffrey 
Published: February 2022

This study investigates readiness of nuclear energy development in Uganda. A developing nation like Uganda relies on about 87% renewable energy yet a lot of its power potential remains untapped. Uganda’s energy potential of 41800MW exists abundantly of which 24000MW (57.4%) is nuclear energy potential, developing nuclear would be to explore its greatest potential. The growing global debate of the risks that accrue with the use of fossil fuels such as the existing state of climate change and the unprecedented global warming, many countries, Uganda inclusive, have realized the need to transition to de-carbonized economies.
This paper examines and discusses the potential of nuclear energy, considering it as a future energy from the perspective of sustainable development as it would emit less carbon dioxide compared to fossil fuels that also exist in plenty in the country. Comparative analysis with other countries are considered, Uganda’s readiness for safe nuclear energy development is discussed.
The paper used a qualitative research methods where document, literature and archival information is analysed with complex data synthesised to give greater meaning.
The findings for Uganda’s readiness are mainly embedded in the drivers as well as barriers to nuclear energy that not only affect Uganda but most sub Saharan Africa. Therefore Uganda needs to source for long term financing while assessing the geopolitical risk to develop nuclear power as a clean energy option.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Titanium-prepared Platelet rich Fibrin (T-PRF) and Demineralized Freeze-dried Bone Allograft (DFDBA) in Socket Preservation Followed by Implant Placement Using Two Stage Approach
Authors: Oza Ranu , Dhadse Prasad V. 
Published: February 2022

Background: The focus of the implant therapy is now shifting to a stable restoration rather than mere osseointegration. Placement of dental implants has become an indispensable part of mainstream dentistry, offering an improved quality of life to patients. One of the physiological changes that occurs after tooth extraction is alveolar ridge resorption. A variety of bone graft materials and platelet concentrates which are abundant in growth factors have been incorporated that provides the added effect of combination for early and better healing.
Objectives: Evaluation of effectiveness of Titanium Prepared Platelet Rich Fibrin (T-PRF) and Demineralized Freeze-Dried Bone Graft (DFDBA) in socket preservation and simultaneous evaluation of implant stability three months after implant placement using two stage protocol.
Methodology: Present study will be performed over one year period. Twelve patients, each having one tooth indicated for extraction in either of the arches will be selected. Atraumatic extraction will be done followed by socket preservation using combination of T-PRF and DFDBA to promote early healing followed by placement of implant.
Expected Results: We expect early and better results of bone formation in healing sockets after preservation using T-PRF and DFDBA, which will be advantageous for implant placement. Better results in terms of bone volume, bone height, bone density and histomorphometry are expected.
Conclusion: Combined effect of DFDBA and T-PRF is expected to improve the periodontal parameters including both soft tissue and hard tissue outcomes.
Centering Ability of Three Different Reciprocating Rotary Files Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography – In-vitro Study
Authors: Gupta Radhika A. , Patel Aditya 
Published: February 2022

Background: Centering ability of root canal files is considered to be an imperative factor during root canal instrumentation. Hence it is decided to evaluate and compare the centering ability of Reciprocating rotary files in teeth by means of cone beam computed tomography in vitro condition.
Objectives:

To evaluate the centering ability of the Reciproc file system in extracted mandibular molar.
To evaluate the centering ability of the Reciproc Blue file system in extracted mandibular molar.
To evaluate the centering ability of the WaveOne file system in extracted mandibular molar.
To compare the above file systems with each other.

Methodology: 30 Newly extracted mandibular molars will be considered in the study. Before access opening teeth will be exposed for a pre-instrumentation CBCT scan. After this scanning standard access cavity preparation will be done followed by checking canal patency using 10#K-file. Then teeth will be divided into three groups for root canal instrumentation. Group 1: Instrumentation by using Reciproc file, Group 2: Instrumentation by using Reciproc Blue file, Group 3: Instrumentation by using WaveOne file. For evaluation of centering ability, the equation introduced by Gambill (1996) i.e., (m1 – m2) ÷ (d1 – d2) or (d1 – d2) ÷ (m1 – m2) and (b1-b2) ÷ (l1-l2) or (l1-l2) ÷ (b1-b2) will be used after post instrumentation CBCT scanning.
Expected Results: The Reciproc Blue file system is expected to give better results in canal centering ability.
Conclusion: Centering ability is considered to be important factor in biomechanical preparation, as it can retain the instruments in centre which is crucial to offer a precise extension, without weakening of the root structure. Different files are used to evaluate and compare the centering ability of instrument by CBCT.
Comparative Evaluation of Preventive and Interceptive Orthodontic Treatment Need in Children of 6-9 Years and 9.1- 12 Years
Authors: Nerurkar Sumukh , Kamble Ranjit , Shrivastav Sunita , Mathew Jeni Ann 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Preventive and interceptive orthodontics, emphasizes on reduction of later need for complex orthodontic treatment. This thus increases the comprehensiveness of healthcare and help in strengthening the primary care. In literature, there is no comparison between the preventive and interceptive treatment needs in patients belonging to growing age (6-9 years) and those belonging to non-growing age (9.1-12 years). There is a need to compare these finding according to the age group.
The present study aims to utilize the IPION to quantify the proportion of central Indian children who would gain from the preventive and interceptive orthodontics.
Materials and Methods: The study will be conducted in the Department of Orthodontics, SPDC, Wardha in collaboration with Department of Public Health Dentistry, SPDC, Wardha. Total 383 patient in age group of 6 to 12 years, will be selected. All the features of the IPION-6 and IPION-9 will be recorded, and the variables will be multiplied by weighting factors according to the instructions of the original study by Coetzee. All the features of IPION-12 will be recorded, and the variables will be multiplied by weighting factors.
Expected Results: There will be a decrease in the need of orthodontic treatment in patients who have completed the age of 9 years.
Determining the Risk Factor of Oral Cancer on Chewing Smokeless Tobacco Kharra: A Case–control Study
Authors: Lalnunsanga Jonathan , Lalruatzela . , Lalduhawma James , Chhabra Kumar Gaurav , Madhu Priyanka Paul 
Published: February 2022

Background: Oral cancer is the sixth most common cancer globally; however, the incidence is much higher in the developing countries, including Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka. The etiology of oral cancer is multifactorial with majority of the cases attributable to separate and combined use of tobacco (smoked and smokeless), excessive alcohol consumption, betel quid, and betel quid substitutes. Among this, Kharra chewing (areca nut and tobacco) is the most prevalent addiction and the most common risk factors of oral cancer in central India.
Objectives: To evaluate the risk of oral cancer associated with kharra users and non-tobacco user. To evaluate the association for the risk factors of oral cancer with kharra and non-tobacco user.
Methodology: A hospital based case control study will be carry out in the study, the study will be conducted among the patient who had confirmed diagnosis of oral cancer and visited the hospital in AVBRH and SPDC Sawangi (Meghe) Wardha. Non- probability convenient sampling technique will be used for selecting the sample. The structured questionnaire will be used for collection of the data.
Expected Results: This study is mainly planned to evaluate the effects of Kharra chewing on oral cancer risk with the help of structured questionnaire. Hence, it is expected to identify the effects of Kharra chewing on the risk of oral cancer.
Efficacy of Levobupivacaine and Ropivacaine in Postoperative Pain control after Surgical Removal of Impacted Mandibular Third Molar: A Split Mouth Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Krishnan Sneha , Periasamy Senthilnathan , Kumar M. P. Santhosh 
Published: February 2022

Objectives: The aim of the present clinical trial study is to compare the efficacy of 0.75% levobupivacaine with that of 0.75% ropivacaine for pain control after surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars.
Methods: This prospective study included 40 patients (30 females and 10 males) who had been referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for surgical removal of third molars of similar difficulty index in two separate sessions under local anaesthesia. Within each patient, levobupivacaine was used to anesthetize one extraction side and for the other side, ropivacaine was used. Onset of anaesthesia, duration of surgery, timing of pain appearance and analgesic consumption were evaluated. Data collected was statistically analysed and results obtained.
Results: In this study we observed, there were no significant differences in onset of anaesthesia and duration of surgical procedure between the two groups (P> 0.05). Timing of pain appearance and of first drug consumption was earlier in the ropivacaine group than levobupivacaine group and the results were statistically significant (P< 0.05). Patients with levobupivacaine anaesthesia had significantly lower visual analogue (VAS) pain scores at 1 and 2 hours postoperatively than those with ropivacaine anaesthesia.
Conclusion: Within the limitations of the present study, Levobupivacaine is a valid alternative to traditional local anaesthetics for surgical removal of lower third molars. It presents better pain relief when compared to ropivacaine in the immediate postoperative period as evidenced by lower VAS scores.
Sterically and Temperature Controlled Divergent Cycloadditions of α,β‐Unsaturated Imines with Vinylethylene Carbonates: Insights from Experimental and DFT Studies
Authors: Xie Xiaolong , Yuan Dandan , Ma Ben , Jin Jiaming , Wang Enpeng , Zhou Wenyi , Hu Yaowen , Hu Lihong , Wang Junwei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDivergent synthesis of heterocycles with controllable ring sizes from the same starting materials is a long‐standing challenge. We report herein the first example of controllable divergent [4+5] and [2+3] cycloadditions of α,β‐unsaturated imines and vinylethylene carbonates, which enables the selectively synthesis of nine‐membered and different five‐membered heterocycles by controlling the reaction temperature and the steric hindrance of substituent. This protocol features a broad substrate scope, wide functional group tolerance as well as operational simplicity. The reaction mechanism was investigated by con‐ducting a series of control experiments as well as DFT calculations and the origins of the regioselectivities of the cycloaddition process were rationalized.magnified image
Competitive Doping Chemistry for Nickel‐Rich Layered Oxide Cathode Materials
Authors: Guo Yu‐Jie , Zhang Chao‐Hui , Xin Sen , Shi Ji‐Lei , Wang Wen‐Peng , Fan Min , Chang Yu‐Xin , He Wei‐Huan , Wang Enhui , Zou Yu‐Gang , Yang Xin'an , Meng Fanqi , Zhang Yu‐Ying , Lei Zhou‐Quan , Yin Ya‐Xia , Guo Yu‐Guo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractChemical modification of electrode materials by heteroatom dopants is crucial for improving storage performance in rechargeable batteries. Electron configurations of different dopants significantly influence the chemical interactions inbetween and the chemical bonding with the host material, yet the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We revealed competitive doping chemistry of Group IIIA elements (boron and aluminum) taking nickel‐rich cathode materials as a model. A notable difference between the atomic radii of B and Al accounts for different spatial configurations of the hybridized orbital in bonding with lattice oxygen. Density functional theory calculations reveal, Al is preferentially bonded to oxygen and vice versa, and shows a much lower diffusion barrier than BIII. In the case of Al‐preoccupation, the bulk diffusion of BIII is hindered. In this way, a B‐rich surface and Al‐rich bulk is formed, which helps to synergistically stabilize the structural evolution and surface chemistry of the cathode.
Photo‐Imprinting of the Helical Organization in Liquid‐Crystal Networks Using Achiral Monomers and Circularly Polarized Light
Authors: Sakaino Hirotoshi , Broer Dirk J. , Meskers Stefan C. J. , Meijer E. W. , Vantomme Ghislaine 
Published: February 2022

AbstractControl over molecular motion is facilitated in materials with highly ordered nanoscale structures. Here we report on the fabrication of cholesteric liquid‐crystal networks by circularly polarized light irradiation, without the need for chiral dopant or plasticizer. The polymer network is obtained by photopolymerization of a smectic achiral diacrylate mesogen consisting of an azobenzene core and discrete oligodimethylsiloxane tails. The synchronous helical photoalignment and photopolymerization originate from the cooperative movement of the mesogens ordered in well‐defined responsive structures, together with the flexibility of the oligodimethylsiloxane blocks. The resulting thin films show excellent thermal stability and light‐induced memory features with reversible responses. Additionally, we demonstrate the fabrication of photo‐patterned films of liquid‐crystal networks with opposite helical senses. These findings provide a new method to make light‐controllable chiroptical materials with exciting applications in optics and photonics.
Comment on “Metal‐Free Triplet Phosphors with High Emission Efficiency and High Tunability”
Authors: Chen Yi , Wang Chih‐Hsing , Chou Tai‐Che , Chou Pi‐Tai 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA series of β‐hydroxy‐vinylimine boron compounds 1–7 have been reported to exhibit unique dual emission, consisting of fluorescence and room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) in solution. This finding triggered intensive research of RTP in β‐hydroxy‐vinylimine boron derivatives. Herein, we show clear evidence that the associated dual emission, especially RTP, is caused by the experimental artifact, where bright emission intensity saturates the detection dynamic range of the fluorimeter.
Nickel‐Based Metal–Organic Frameworks for Coal‐Bed Methane Purification with Record CH4/N2 Selectivity
Authors: Wang Shao‐Min , Shivanna Mohana , Yang Qing‐Yuan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe enrichment and purification of coal‐bed methane provides a source of energy and helps offset global warming. In this work, we demonstrate a strategy involving the regulation of the pore size and pore chemistry to promote the separation of CH4/N2 mixtures in four nickel‐based coordination networks, named Ni(ina)2, Ni(3‐ain)2, Ni(2‐ain)2, and Ni(pba)2, (where ina=isonicotinic acid, 3‐ain=3‐aminoisonicotinic acid, 2‐ain=2‐aminoisonicotinic acid, and pba=4‐(4‐pyridyl)benzoic acid). Among them, Ni(ina)2 and Ni(3‐ain)2 can effectively separate CH4 from N2 with top‐performing performance because of the suitable pore size (≈0.6 and 0.5 nm) and pore environment. Explicitly, Ni(ina)2 exhibits the highest ever reported CH4/N2 selectivity of 15.8 and excellent CH4 uptake (40.8 cm3 g−1) at ambient conditions, thus setting new benchmarks for all reported MOFs and traditional adsorbents. The exceptional CH4/N2 separation performance of Ni(ina)2 is confirmed by dynamic breakthrough experiments. Under different CH4/N2 ratios, Ni(ina)2 selectively extracts methane from the gaseous blend and produces a high purity of CH4 (99 %). Theoretical calculations and CH4‐loading single‐crystal structure analysis provide critical insight into the adsorption/separation mechanism. Ni(ina)2 and Ni(3‐ain)2 can form rich intermolecular interactions with methane, indicating a strong adsorption affinity between pore walls and CH4 molecules. Importantly, Ni(ina)2 has good thermal and moisture stability and can easily be scaled up at a low cost ($25 per kilogram), which will be valuable for potential industrial applications. Overall, this work provides a powerful approach for the selective adsorption of CH4 from coal‐bed methane.
New 4‐phenylpiperazine‐carbodithioate‐N‐phenylacetamide hybrids: Synthesis, in vitro and in silico evaluations against cholinesterase and α‐glucosidase enzymes
Authors: Mohammadi‐Khanaposhtani Maryam , Nori Milad , Valizadeh Yousef , Javanshir Shahrzad , Dastyafteh Navid , Moaazam Ali , Hosseini Samanesadat , Larijani Bagher , Adibi Hossein , Biglar Mahmood , Hamedifar Haleh , Mahdavi Mohammad , Kamci Hamdi , Karakus Ahmet , Taslimi Parham 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA series of novel 4‐phenylpiperazine‐carbodithioate‐N‐phenylacetamide hybrids (6a–n) was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their in vitro inhibitory activity against the metabolic enzymes, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and α‐glucosidase. The obtained results showed that most of the synthesized compounds exhibited high to good anti‐AChE and anti‐BChE activity in the range of nanomolar concentrations in comparison to tacrine as a positive control. Molecular modeling of the most potent compounds 6e and 6i demonstrated that these compounds interacted with important residues of the AChE and BChE active sites. Moreover, all the newly synthesized compounds 6a–n had significant Ki values against α‐glucosidase when compared with the positive control acarbose. Representatively, N‐2‐fluorophenylacetamide derivative 6l, with a Ki value of 0.98 nM as the most potent compound, was 126 times more potent than acarbose with a Ki value of 123.70 nM. This compound also fitted in the α‐glucosidase active site and interacted with key residues. An in silico study of the druglikeness/absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME)/toxicity profile of the selected compounds 6e, 6i, and 6l predicts that these compounds are drug‐like and have the appropriate properties in terms of ADME and toxicity.
Software development for quantitative analysis of brain amyloid PET
Authors: Matsuda Hiroshi , Yamao Tensho 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionCentiloid (CL) scaling has become a standard quantitative measure in amyloid PET because it allows the direct comparison of results across sites, even when different analytical methods or PET tracers are used.MethodsIn the present study, we developed new standalone software to easily handle a pipeline for accurate calculation of the CL scale for the five currently available amyloid PET tracers—11C‐PiB, 18F‐florbetapir, 18F‐flutemetamol, 18F‐florbetaben, and 18F‐NAV4694. This pipeline requires reorientation and coregistration of PET and MRI, anatomic standardization of coregistered PET to a standardized space using a warping parameter for coregistered MRI, application of standard volumes of interest (VOIs) to the warped PET, calculation of the standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) for the target VOIs, and finally conversion of the SUVR to the CL scale. The PET data for these tracers were collected from the publicly available Global Alzheimer's Association Interactive Network (GAAIN) repository. We also developed software to map Z‐scores for the statistical comparison of a patient's PET data with a negative control database obtained from young healthy controls in the GAAIN repository.ResultsWhen whole cerebellum or whole cerebellum plus brainstem was chosen as the reference area, an excellent correlation was found between the CL scale calculated by this software and the CL scale published by GAAIN. There were no significant differences in the detection performance of significant amyloid accumulation using Z‐score mapping between each 18F‐labeled tracer and 11C‐PiB. The cutoff CL values providing the most accurate detection of regional amyloid positivity in Z‐score mapping were 11.8, 14.4, 14.7, 15.6, and 17.7 in the posterior cingulate gyrus and precuneus, frontal cortex, temporal cortex, parietal cortex, and striatum, respectively.ConclusionThis software is able to not only provide reliable calculation of the global CL scale but also detect significant local amyloid accumulation in an individual patient.
Inducing competence‐based assignment in traditional structural engineering education: A case study
Authors: Ghoniem Amr , Ghoniem Eman 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe paper is motivated by real problems concerning the evaluation of the academic performance, satisfaction, critical thinking skills, and creativity in the learning process of engineering students exposed to a mixture of lecture‐based learning with competence‐based learning. The study randomized 450 students, enrolled in a reinforced concrete structures course, into three equal groups. One group was assigned to problem‐based learning, while project‐ and technology‐based learning was conducted for the other two groups. The practices of these three groups were compared based on two methods: monitoring of both generic and technical skills and a questionnaire analysis that indicated student satisfaction, critical thinking skills, and creativity. On the basis of the findings, the students who passed the project‐ and technology‐based assignments held the highest achievement marks and reported higher satisfaction, critical thinking skills, and creativity. The obtained results revealed the necessity of technology to embrace new learning strategies that mimic real‐world problems.
Geotechnical engineering educational modules demonstrating measurement and regulation of soil moisture
Authors: Garg Ankit , Huang Yuanxu , He Huang , Huang Xilong , Lin Peng , Kalra Kanishk , Mei Guoxiong , Khandare Vaibhav , Singh Lovepreet 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWith the rapidly changing needs of the construction industry and higher education, Conceive—Design—Implement—Operate (CDIO) educational framework is essential in delivering basics and practical aspects to undergraduate students. This study presents an attempt to explore the use of hardware and software applications for geotechnical engineering education. An example for development of hardware (Arduino UNO) and software applications (Mobile applications) for estimating soil moisture and its regulation is presented. The study provides a new learning environment, where students from civil engineering (major) can work hand to hand with that from electronics (minor) to develop applications for soil moisture measurement. A collaborative workshop is proposed and executed. The workshop includes basic concepts related to hardware (Time domain reflectometry [TDR] probe, Arduino UNO, and Water flow measurement) and software (LabVIEW and Android studio programming platforms) followed by project implementation in a group of 5–6 students. Satisfaction and comprehension were found to increase significantly for subjects (electronics and optics) to students of civil engineering background. The adopted tools represent economical means for application in conventional classrooms as well as laboratories for undergraduate students with a civil engineering background. This integration of the digital and physical world is an attempt at approaching soil mechanics mathematics from technology and arts from a scientific perspective. The examples presented in this study can be useful for developing open‐source laboratories within the framework of the undergraduate curriculum in civil engineering.