bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual modality of vertebral body tethering
Authors: Bernard Jason , Bishop Timothy , Herzog Jan , Haleem Shahnawaz , Lupu Cristina , Ajayi Bisola , Lui Darren F. 
Published: February 2022

Aims Vertebral body tethering (VBT) is a non-fusion technique to correct scoliosis. It allows correction of scoliosis through growth modulation (GM) by tethering the convex side to allow concave unrestricted growth similar to the hemiepiphysiodesis concept. The other modality is anterior scoliosis correction (ASC) where the tether is able to perform most of the correction immediately where limited growth is expected. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical and radiological data of 20 patients aged between 9 and 17 years old, (with a 19 female: 1 male ratio) between January 2014 to December 2016 with a mean five-year follow-up (4 to 7). Results There were ten patients in each group with a total of 23 curves operated on. VBT-GM mean age was 12.5 years (9 to 14) with a mean Risser classification of 0.63 (0 to 2) and VBT-ASC was 14.9 years (13 to 17) with a mean Risser classification of 3.66 (3 to 5). Mean preoperative VBT-GM Cobb was 47.4° (40° to 58°) with a Fulcrum unbend of 17.4 (1° to 41°), compared to VBT-ASC 56.5° (40° to 79°) with 30.6 (2° to 69°)unbend. Postoperative VBT-GM was 20.3° and VBT-ASC Cobb angle was 11.2°. The early postoperative correction rate was 54.3% versus 81% whereas Fulcrum Bending Correction Index (FBCI) was 93.1% vs 146.6%. The last Cobb angle on radiograph at mean five years’ follow-up was 19.4° (VBT-GM) and 16.5° (VBT-ASC). Patients with open triradiate cartilage (TRC) had three over-corrections. Overall, 5% of patients required fusion. This one patient alone had a over-correction, a second-stage tether release, and final conversion to fusion. Conclusion We show a high success rate (95%) in helping children avoid fusion at five years post-surgery. VBT is a safe technique for correction of scoliosis in the skeletally immature patient. This is the first report at five years that shows two methods of VBT can be employed depending on the skeletal maturity of the patient: GM and ASC. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(2):123–129.
The exercise-induced inflammatory response in inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Baker Kelly A. , Miller Timothy D. , Marino Frank E. , Hartmann Tegan E. 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThis study investigated selected inflammatory responses to acute and chronic exercise in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).MethodsA systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted on all relevant exercise-based intervention publications with IBD participants. The study included articles that utilised a broad range of acute and chronic exercise interventions, with inflammatory biomarkers measured and symptoms documented, both pre- and post-exercise for those with IBD. The search was limited to studies published in English, the use of human participants, and primary studies, with no restrictions on date of publication or participant’s age. Articles were retrieved through the electronic databases: PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Scopus. This study adhered to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.ResultsSix inflammatory markers were included in the meta-analysis which consisted of five studies. Exercise interventions resulted in no significant difference in IL-6 (SMD= -0.09; 95%CI= -0.49, 0.30;P= 0.64), TNF-α (SMD= 0.08; 95%CI= -0.31, 0.48;P= 0.68), CRP (SMD= -0.04; 95%CI= -0.58, 0.50;P= 0.89), IL-17 (SMD= 0.15; 95%CI= -0.45, 0.76;P= 0.62), leukocytes (SMD= 0.40; 95%CI= -0.53, 1.33;P= 0.40) or lymphocytes (SMD= 0.32; 95%CI= -0.33, 0.97;P= 0.33), thus, indicating exercise may have no effect on inflammatory markers in IBD. Bowel symptoms improved following regular moderate exercise that incorporated stress management.ConclusionHeterogeneity among the identified literature may have led to exercise interventions being ineffective in reducing inflammation. Although the limited number of eligible studies may reduce the reliability of results, it emphasises the need for additional research in this domain. Importantly, no adverse symptomatic responses to exercise indicate that exercise is safe for IBD patients.
Neural management plus advice to stay active on clinical measures and sciatic neurodynamic for patients with chronic sciatica: Study protocol for a controlled randomised clinical trial
Authors: Corrêa Leticia Amaral , Bittencourt Juliana Valentim , Mainenti Pagnez Maria Alice , Mathieson Stephanie , Saragiotto Bruno Tirotti , Telles Gustavo Felicio , Meziat-Filho Ney , Calazans Nogueira Leandro Alberto 
Published: February 2022

Advice to stay active is the primary management strategy for sciatica. Other conservative treatments such as neural management techniques may also contribute to sciatica recovery, but currently, the effects have not been robustly assessed. Thus, the aim of this study is to compare the effects of adding neural management to advice to stay active versus advice to stay active alone in improving pain intensity and functional limitation. Secondarily, to compare the effects of the experimental intervention in the sciatic neurodynamic, pain modulation, and psychosocial factors. A parallel-group, controlled, examiner-blinded superiority clinical trial randomised at a 1:1 allocation will be conducted in 210 participants with chronic sciatica. Patients will be recruited from outpatient physiotherapy clinics and community advertisements. The experimental group will receive neural mobilisation techniques and soft tissue mobilisation techniques for 30 minutes per session, 10 weekly sessions, plus advice to stay active on their activities of daily living, information on physical activity, imaging tests, and sciatica for 5 biweekly sessions lasting 25–30 minutes. The control group will receive advice to stay active only. The re-evaluation will be performed out after 5 weeks, 10 weeks, and 26 weeks after randomisation and primary endpoints will be pain intensity and functional limitation at 10 weeks. Secondary outcomes will include neuropathic symptoms, sciatic neurodynamic, pain modulation, and psychosocial factors. Adverse events and patient satisfaction will be assessed. Ethical approval has been granted from an Institutional Human Research Ethics Committee.
Trial registration: Trial was prospectively registered in the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (number: RBR-3db643c).
Association between Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhea, Mycoplasma genitalium, and Trichomonas vaginalis and Secondary Infertility in Cameroon: A case-control study
Authors: Mbah Clarisse Engowei , Jasani Amy , Aaron Kristal J. , Akoachere Jane-Francis , Tita Alan T. N. , Geisler William M. , Van Der Pol Barbara , Dionne-Odom Jodie , Ngeudia Jules Clement Assob 
Published: February 2022

Objective
Data on the prevalence and etiology of infertility in Africa are limited. Secondary infertility is particularly common, defined as the inability of a woman to conceive for at least one year following a full-term pregnancy. We describe a prospective study conducted in Cameroon designed to test the hypothesis of an association between common treatable sexually transmitted infections (STI): Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Mycoplasma genitalium (MG), and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) and secondary infertility in women.

Methods
In this case-control study, we enrolled women in Fako Division, Cameroon between November 2017 and December 2018 with secondary infertility (cases) or current pregnancy (controls). We conducted a baseline survey to collect sociodemographic, and sexual and medical history information. Nucleic acid amplification testing using Aptima (Hologic, San Diego, CA, US) was performed on endocervical swabs for CT, NG, MG, and TV. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between active STI and secondary infertility.

Results
A total of 416 women were enrolled: 151 cases and 265 controls. Compared to controls, cases were older (median age 32 vs 27 years) and had more lifetime sexual partners (median 4 vs 3) (p<0.001). Cases were more likely to report dyspareunia, abnormal menses, prior miscarriage, and ectopic pregnancy (all p<0.05). STI positivity was not significantly different among cases and controls (2.7% vs 5.4% for CT, 1.3% vs 2.9% for NG, 6.0% vs 7.0% for MG, respectively), with the exception of TV which was more common in pregnant controls (0.7% vs 5%; p = 0.02).

Conclusion
Study findings did not support an association between active STI and secondary infertility in Cameroon. Given high rates of pre-existing tubal damage, routine STI screening and treatment in younger women may be more impactful than costly STI testing during infertility assessments.
Children and young people’s beliefs about mental health and illness in Indonesia: A qualitative study informed by the Common Sense Model of Self-Regulation
Authors: Brooks Helen , Windfuhr Kirsten , Irmansyah  , Prawira Benny , Desyadi Putriningtyas Dyah Afina , Lovell Karina , Bangun Susi Rutmalem , Syarif Armaji Kamaludi , Manik Christa Gumanti , Savitri Tanjun Ira , Salim Soraya , Renwick Laoise , Pedley Rebecca , Bee Penny 
Published: February 2022

Background
Mental illness is a leading cause of disease burden amongst children and young people (CYP). This is exacerbated in low- and middle-income (LMIC) countries which often have embryonic care structures. Understanding and targeting illness beliefs is a potentially efficacious way of optimising the development of health prevention interventions. These beliefs remain relatively underexplored in CYP in LMIC contexts. Aim: To develop an in-depth understanding of CYPs beliefs about mental health and illness in Indonesia.

Methods and findings
Semi-structured interviews (n = 43) combined with photo elicitation methodology were undertaken with CYP aged 11–15 from Java, Indonesia. Our sample comprised those living with (n = 19) and without (n = 24) high prevalence mental health conditions, specifically anxiety or depression. Data were analysed using framework analysis, informed by the Common Sense Model of Self-Regulation of Health and Illness. Positive mental health and illness were dichotomised in accounts with mental health typically characterised as an absence of mental disturbance. This contributed to attributions of abnormality and the marginalisation of those with mental illness. Mental illness was conceptualised as a single entity, commonly arising from individual failings. This prompted feelings of self-stigma in those with lived experience of mental illness. Analysis identified marked differences in the perceived time dimensions of positive mental health and illness with mental illness conceived as less transient than episodes of positive mental health. Illness beliefs appeared relatively consistent across the two groups of CYP although some nuanced differences were identified. CYP with anxiety and depression were less likely to believe that mental illness could be diagnosed visually, more likely to uphold multiple causal factors and endorse the potential efficacy of professional input.

Conclusions
Public health interventions to increase understanding may be necessary to develop healthcare systems to reduce treatment barriers, optimise return on investment and enhance population health effect.
Acceptability and feasibility of the NPS MedicineWise mobile phone application in supporting medication adherence in patients with chronic heart failure: Protocol for a pilot study
Authors: Chapman-Goetz Jessica , Packham Nerida , Gabb Genevieve , Potts Cassandra , Yu Kitty , Prosser Adaire , Hotham Elizabeth , Suppiah Vijayaprakash 
Published: February 2022

Introduction
Heart failure (HF) is an increasing global concern. Despite evidence-based pharmacotherapy, morbidity and mortality remain high in HF. Medication non-adherence is a crucial factor in optimising clinical outcomes. A growing number of smartphone applications (apps) assist management. While evidence support their use to promote treatment adherence, apps alone may not be the solution. The objective of this pilot study is to assess the acceptability and feasibility of a tiered intervention added to the NPS MedicineWise dose reminder app (MedicineWise app) in supporting medication adherence in HF.

Methods and analysis
This prospective, single-blinded, randomised controlled trial will recruit 55 Australian patients with HF to be randomly assigned to either intervention (MedicineWise app + usual care) or control (usual care alone) arm. Control participants will remain unaware of the intervention throughout the study. At baseline, intervention participants will be instructed in the MedicineWise app. A reminder will then prompt medication administration at each dosing interval. If non-adherence is suggested from 24 hourly reports (critical medications) or 72 hours (non-critical medications), the individual/s will be escalated through a tiered, pharmacist-led intervention. The primary outcome will be the acceptability and feasibility of this approach in supporting adherence. Between-group comparison of the Self-Efficacy for Appropriate Medication Use Scale (SEAMS) at baseline, 3 and 6 months will be used to measure the app’s value in supporting adherence. Secondary outcome measures include self-reported medication adherence and knowledge, health-related quality of life, psychological wellbeing, signs and symptoms of HF, and medication and HF knowledge.

Ethics and dissemination
The protocol received ethics approval from Central Adelaide Clinical Human Research Ethics Committee (Protocol number R20190302) and University of South Australia Human Research Ethics Committee (Protocol number 202450). Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals.

Trial registration number
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry Clinical trial number: ACTRN12619000289112p (http://www.ANZCTR.org.au/ACTRN12619000289112p.aspx)
¿Feminismo sin sujeto? Culpa, empoderamiento y nuevos feminismos
Authors: Aguilera-Mellado Pedro A. 
Published: February 2022

ResumenEste artículo defiende la posibilidad de un “feminismo sin sujeto” siguiendo la estela de la propuesta del “Feminismo de lo común” de Cristina Moreiras-Menor y el “Infrafeminismo” de Gabriela Méndez Cota. La primera parte del artículo desmonta la sincronía entre el sentimiento de culpa y el concepto de deuda en el contexto de lo que Walter Benjamin y Werner Hamacher denominaron “Capitalismo como religión”. Este análisis se desarrolla de la mano del documental Tres Mujeres, del cineasta Alexis Delgado Búrdalo. A continuación, bajo la influencia de la filósofa Catherine Malabou y la escritora española Marta Sanz, el autor relaciona la primera parte de su análisis a la noción de “empoderamiento” en la medida en que éste constituye una supuesta subjetividad (femenina). A partir del análisis sobre la culpa y el empoderamiento en la subjetivación femenina, se infiere una apuesta por la descentralización de la noción de sujeto en las reivindicaciones feministas. La posibilidad de pensar un “feminismo sin sujeto” no critica ni impide las demandas concretas y materiales feministas, sino que cuestiona la subjetivación de nuestra existencia y cuestiona asimismo que la liberación femenina se limite a la demanda y al empoderamiento de los sujetos. En última instancia, se propone despejar la existencia libre y singular no cubierta por la subjetividad.
Geografías interiores, cuerpos-hablantes y texturas visuales de la depresión:El manifiesto corpóreo nepantlistade Laura Aguilar (1959-2018)
Authors: Maiz-Peña Magdalena 
Published: February 2022

ResumenEste ensayo investiga la producción de life-writing fotográfica y videográfica, de la artista chicana queer Laura Aguilar (1959-2018) examina su performatividad corpórea afectiva como estrategia decisiva de apropiación, resistencia y agencia ante su dislexia auditiva, depresión crónica y cuerpo moreno desbordado. El ensayo propone que Laura Aguilar, desde lo que la crítica de arte Amelia Jones identifica como vulnerabilidad radical, inscribe en su performatividad corpórea fotográfica y videográfica un manifiesto de life-writing íntimo situado que reclama borraduras de su memoria adolorida.
Trashed Beauty: Abjection and Burned Females in Mariana Enríquez’s The Things We Lost in the Fire
Authors: Orta Yuliana M. Ramos 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Things We Lost in the Fire presents a wave of femicides in Argentina, committed by men burning and deforming women, leaving them to die or to become disabled. As a protest to these femicides, a group of women devises a vendetta by resignifying a past ritual: they start burning themselves at the stake. With their disabled bodies, these women disrupt the patriarchal expectations about beauty and femininity. Using Kristeva’s abjection theory alongside disability study theories, I will demonstrate how “trashed” beauty and disability can represent a liberation from heteronormative aesthetic expectations, as well as how these bodies reimagine female identity.
Zum strukturvorwissensbasierten Testsignalentwurf mittels Vorsteuerung für die Identifikation von Takagi-Sugeno-Modellen
Authors: Himmelsbach Matthias , Kroll Andreas 
Published: February 2022

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag wird eine Methode zum Entwurf von Testsignalen für die Identifikation lokal-affiner dynamischer Takagi-Sugeno-SISO-Modelle vorgestellt. Diese Methode verwendet ein erstes identifiziertes Prozessmodell und nutzt so erlangtes Wissen über die Modellstruktur mittels modellprädiktiver Regelung aus, um einen Testsignalentwurf durchzuführen. Im Rahmen einer Fallstudie wird die Methode demonstriert.
Profiling transcription factor sub-networks in type I interferon signaling and in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Ramana Chilakamarti V. , Das Bikul 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Type I interferons (IFN α/β) play a central role in innate immunity to respiratory viruses, including coronaviruses. In this study, transcription factor profiling in the transcriptome was used to gain novel insights into the role of inducible transcription factors in response to type I interferon signaling in immune cells and in lung epithelial cells after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Modeling the interferon-inducible transcription factor mRNA data in terms of distinct sub-networks based on biological functions such as antiviral response, immune modulation, and cell growth revealed enrichment of specific transcription factors in mouse and human immune cells. Interrogation of multiple microarray datasets revealed that SARS-CoV-2 induced high levels of IFN-beta and interferon-inducible transcription factor mRNA in human lung epithelial cells. Transcription factor mRNA of the three sub-networks were differentially regulated in human lung epithelial cell lines after SARS-CoV-2 infection and in COVID-19 patients. A subset of type I interferon-inducible transcription factors and inflammatory mediators were specifically enriched in the lungs and neutrophils of Covid-19 patients. The emerging complex picture of type I IFN transcriptional regulation consists of a rapid transcriptional switch mediated by the Jak-Stat cascade and a graded output of the inducible transcription factor activation that enables temporal regulation of gene expression.
Cyclic deformation and dislocation structure evolution of a copper bicrystal with components rotating gradually along the grain boundary
Authors: Li Y. , Li S. X. , Li G. Y. , Lu K. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The push –pull cyclic deformation of a copper bicrystal with components rotating gradually along the grain boundary (GB) was carried out under constant plastic strain amplitude at room temperature in air. The evolution of slip morphology and dislocation structure was observed by scanning electron microscopy electron channelling contrast technique. It was shown that slip morphology and dislocation structure in one of the grains changed gradually along the GB. This phenomenon can be understood based on the local irreversible rotation of crystals, which exists during the symmetrical push– pull loading. When the secondary slip was localized to form the secondary persistent slip bands, which interacted with the regular walls in the second type of deformation band, then the cell structure was formed. The second type of deformation band is one kind of sites for cell formation.
Microstructural characterisation and thermal stability of a metastable Mg-8.6 wt.% Zr alloy produced by physical vapour deposition
Authors: Garcés G. , Antoranz J. M. , Pérez P. , Badía J. M. , Dodd S. B. , Morris S. , Adeva P. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The thermal stability of a Mg-8.6 wt.% Zr alloy processed by physical vapour deposition has been studied using differential scanning calorimetry and transmission electron microscopy. The alloy, in the as-deposited condition, is a solid solution of Zr in the Mg matrix. The microstructure is characterised by elongated grains oriented with their [0001] direction parallel to the growth direction. After DSC experiments, three exothermic transformations have been observed. The first one takes place above the deposition temperature and is related to the recovery phenomena due to stress relaxation generated during the growth process. The second transformation corresponds to the breakdown of the solid solution by the precipitation of Zr in the Mg matrix. This reaction takes place in two stages: (i) Zr plates are formed in the basal plane and (ii) these initial precipitates grow along the [0001] direction. An epitaxial relationship between those Zr precipitates and the Mg matrix of [0001]Zr || [0001]Mg and [1120]Zr || [1120]Mg has been obtained. The third exothermic transformation appears above 720 K and is caused by the strong oxidation of the deposit.
Deformation behavior during hot torsion of an ultrahigh carbon steel containing 1.3 wt.% C
Authors: Fernández-Vicente A. , Carsí M. , Peñalba F. , Carreño F. , Ruano O. A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The torsion behavior of an ultrahigh carbon steel containing 1.3 wt.% C has been studied at high strain rates (2 – 26 s –1) and high temperatures (900 – 1200 °C). Adiabatic heating strongly affects the shape of the stress– strain curves. Grain size measurements at strains of ε = 2 and ε = 5 reveal that the austenite grain size does not change between these two strains and is finer than the initial austenite grain size. This is an indication that a recrystallization process took place in the interval of strains between ε
peak and ε = 2 and that the deformation state associated to the strains of ε = 2 and ε = 5 can be considered as steady state. Stress–strain rate relations have been analysed for ε
peak, ε = 2 and ε = 5. It has been found that data obtained at ε
peak correlate well with a lattice diffusion-controlled dislocation creep process. On the other hand, analysis of the stress –strain rate relations found at the steady state indicated that the deformation occurs by the contribution of two independent mechanisms: grain boundary sliding controlled by pipe diffusion and slip creep controlled by lattice diffusion.
Depth-resolved residual stress evaluation from X-ray diffraction measurement data using the approximate inverse method
Authors: Schuster T. , Plöger J. , Louis A. K. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The paper deals with the depth determination of residual stress states from diffraction data. First an historical overview of the known approaches is given. Then we apply the approximate inverse method to this problem. This method is known to be very efficient and stable with respect to noise-contaminated data. It is even possible to prove convergence and it allows an error estimate of the calculated depth resolved residual stress profile.