bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delusion of pregnancy
Authors: Ray Madhubrata , Kumar Sanjay , Sinha Alok , Pisharody Rohith R. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Delusional disorders are common psychiatric disorders, but a delusion of pregnancy is a rare condition. Four cases that presented at a single tertiary care psychiatry center with delusion of pregnancy as a part of different psychological disorders are illustrated here. These cases were seen over a period of 6 months and had varied presentations and associated psychopathologies. Three of the four patients showed rapid recovery to treatment, but one patient was lost to follow-up. The heterogeneity in the presentation, sociodemographic profile of the patients and even in the symptom profile and response to treatment in this condition is highlighted and discussed in this case series.
Development and psychometric testing of the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Questionnaire to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding COVID-19 among patients attending COVID screening outpatient department in a tertiary care hospital in North India
Authors: Chauhan Nidhi , Rohilla Ravi , Aggarwal Deepak , Jaswal Sumeesha , Singh Abhayraj , Arun Priti 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
COVID-19 pandemic has hit the world leading to major disruptions globally. Due to its highly contagious nature and associated mortality, a wide array of emotional and behavioral reactions were seen which indirectly reflected the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of individuals. Understanding the KAP of individuals is fundamental when it comes to decreasing future COVID cases.

Aim:
The study aimed to develop a Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Questionnaire regarding COVID-19 (COVID-KAPQ) among patients attending screening outpatient department (OPD) in a tertiary care hospital in North India and evaluate its psychometric properties.

Materials and Methods:
The study procedure consisted of step-wise procedure starting with item generation, expert evaluation for categorization of items into domains of KAP and testing for psychometric properties. The items were generated and evaluated by the Delphi method based on 8 experts. Reliability and validity were assessed using data from 200 patients attending COVID screening OPD. Content validity was evaluated using content validity index (CVI); construct validity was examined using exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was computed for internal consistency.

Results:
The final COVID-KAPQ consisted of three domains and 29 items. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the entire questionnaire was 0.734, 0.710 for knowledge domain, 0.614 for attitudes domain, and 0.759 for practice domain. CVI ranged from 0.86 to 1. Five factors each for knowledge and attitudes domain and two factors for practice domain were extracted by principal factor analysis and varimax rotation, with a cumulative contribution of 70.19%, 71.54%, and 66.77% variance in KAP domain.

Conclusions:
A questionnaire COVID-KAPQ (KAP regarding COVID-19) was developed. Psychometric testing indicated that it had adequate validity and reliability for use in COVID research in the general population. This questionnaire might help the public health researchers to map the level of KAP in the population and plan awareness and prevention strategies accordingly.
A camp approach of community psychiatry in India
Authors: Chander K. Rakesh , Moirangthem Sydney , Patley Rahul , Philip Sharad , Varshney Prateek , Basavaraju Vinay , Parthasarathy Rajani , Krishna P. V. Mohan , Manjunatha Narayana , Channaveerachari Naveen Kumar , Math Suresh Bada 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Camps are a popular approach to deliver medical care in India. While it is usually a one-off event for physical ailments, it is a long-term affair in Psychiatry. One of the first camps in psychiatry was rolled out as early as in 1967 at Mandar, Ranchi, followed by Raipur Rani (Haryana) in 1976 and at Gunjur, Karnataka in 1977. This camp approach became extremely popular and got expanded across India as they were thought to be synonymous with community-based outreach for mental illnesses. In the past 5 years, however, newer models of community care have emerged, necessitating a relook at this traditional approach. In this paper, the authors trace the origin, utility and future directions of these camps, taking data from community psychiatry camps conducted by the National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, a premier neuropsychiatric tertiary care institute in India. Data have been collated from the annual reports of the Institute, database from the District Mental health Program, Government of Karnataka, India, and compared with published literature on the same field. While camps remain as one of the important avenues to reach the unreached, there is a need to change the approach of their functioning by incorporating training (primary care providers) aspects and collaborative care. The latter may make the initiative more meaningful and sustainable.
The appraisal-distress relationship of auditory hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Choudhary Amrita , Ranjan Jay Kumar , Asthana Hari Shanker , Chaudhury Suprakash 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Appraisal of hallucinatory voices plays a significant role in anxiety and depression among patients with auditory hallucinations. Metacognitive beliefs are also associated with psychological distress in schizophrenia patients. However, there is a dearth of literature exploring the role of metacognitive beliefs on the appraisal-distress relationship, specifically, the overemphasis laid on the need to maintain consistency among thoughts and avoid cognitive dissonance.

Aim:
The aim of the study is to study the role of metacognitive beliefs on the appraisal-distress relationship.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 126 schizophrenia patients with auditory hallucinations were selected through purposive sampling technique. The participants were assessed on Hindi version of beliefs about voices questionnaire-revised (BAVQ-R), hospital anxiety and depression scale, metacognition questionnaire-short, and modified (MCQ-SAM).

Results:
Correlation analysis indicated significant relationship between the dimensions of BAVQ-R (i.e., benevolence, malevolence, and omnipotence) and MCQ-SAM (i.e., cognitive self-consciousness, positive beliefs about worry, importance of consistency of thoughts, and beliefs about normal experience of unwanted thoughts), depression and anxiety. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that benevolence, malevolence, and importance of consistency of thoughts were predictors of anxiety; malevolence, importance of consistency of thoughts and positive beliefs about worry were predictors of depression. Results of moderation analysis indicated that malevolent beliefs about voices predict the intensity of distress among clinical voice-hearers, and importance of consistency of thoughts plays a moderating role in this appraisal-distress relationship.

Conclusion:
In schizophrenia patients with auditory hallucinations, the appraisal-distress relationship is strengthened when the need to maintain cognitive consistency is over-emphasized.
Cognitive behavior therapy as an adjuvant in management of alcohol dependence syndrome
Authors: Srivastava Kalpana , Prakash Jyoti , Bhat Pookala Shivaram , Chatterjee Kaushik , Chaudhury Suprakash , Chauhan Vinay 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Treatment of alcohol dependence is a major challenge due to frequent relapses. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has been reported to be useful in the treatment of alcohol dependence.

Aim:
This study aims to evaluate the effect of CBT module in management of Alcohol Dependence and compare it with treatment as usual (TAU).

Materials and Methods:
All newly diagnosed alcohol dependence patients during the study period meeting the exclusion and inclusion criteria were included in the study. Patients with a head injury, HIV seropositive status, or any other organic brain disorder and comorbid psychiatric disorders were excluded. The study included 226 patients with alcohol dependence randomly assigned to intervention group (n = 116) and TAU group (n = 110). Demographic and clinical data were recorded and Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire was applied. Relapse was taken as an outcome variable. Both TAU group and experimental group were followed on standard protocol of treatment.

Results:
The data were analyzed and relative risk (RR) was calculated. Findings revealed the study group receiving CBT had a better outcome and relapse rate was also significantly low in the experimental group as compared to the TAU group.

Conclusion:
The RR of relapse is lower in patients of alcohol dependence on CBT within 6 months and within 1 year as compared to cases on TAU. It is recommended that CBT be used as an adjunct to treatment in alcohol dependence cases.
Correlation of Markers of Inflammation with Hormonal, Metabolic Parameters, Insulin Resistance and Adiposity Indices in First-Degree Relatives of Patient with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Pradhan Jeeban , Mishra Ipsita , Rattan Roma , Choudhury Arun Kumar , Baliarsinha Anoj Kumar 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a state of chronic low-grade inflammation. Low-grade inflammation has been linked to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). There is evidence of clustering for metabolic syndrome, hypertension, dyslipidaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance (IR) in mothers, fathers, sisters and brothers of women with PCOS.

Aims:
The aim is to study the levels of inflammatory markers and IR in first-degree relatives of patients with PCOS and find any correlation with hormonal parameters, metabolic parameters and adiposity indices in them.

Settings and Design:
A total of 66 first-degree relatives of a patient with PCOS were included in this cross-sectional study.

Materials and Methods:
All participants underwent detailed clinical evaluation and biochemical investigations, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), luteinising hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and total testosterone (only in females). Homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR), lipid accumulation product and visceral adiposity index were calculated using standard equations. Visceral adipose tissue thickness and subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness were assessed using ultrasonography.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Spearman's and Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to analyse the correlation between different non-parametric and parametric data, respectively. Multiple linear regression was used to correlate multiple dependent factors.

Results:
The mean hs-CRP level was 2.4 ± 1.1 mg/L, which is greater than the cut-off of 2 mg/L and hs-CRP >2 mg/L was found in 62% (n = 41) participants. The mean IL-6 (3.5 ± 1.1 pg/ml) and total white blood cell count (7244 ± 2190/mm3) were in the normal range. The mean HOMA-IR was 2.35 ± 0.76, which is elevated, considering HOMA IR >2 as a predictor of IR and metabolic syndrome. HOMA IR >2 was found in 64% (n = 42) of the participants. Inflammatory markers were significantly correlated with LH and HOMA IR, even after multiple linear regression was fitted for each marker individually.

Conclusion:
Apparently, healthy first-degree relatives of PCOS patients had evidence of chronic low-grade inflammation. The chronic inflammation in them correlated well with HOMA-IR and LH but was independent of body mass index. This low-grade inflammation may predispose the first-degree relatives of PCOS to CVD.
Особливості підготовки магістрів при викладанні дисципліни «Управління технологічними процесами в рослинництві»
Authors: Корчак Микола 
Published: October 2022

Розглянуті критерії оцінки ефективності формування структури творчого системного мислення, приведені інноваційні методи навчання для підготовки магістрів при викладанні дисципліни «Управління технологічними процесами в рослинництві». Описано результати вивчення дисципліни та перелік основних компетентностей, необхідних для її засвоєння. Розглянуто основні результати оптимізації навчально-методичного комплексу викладання дисципліни «Управління технологічними процесами в рослинництві» та запропоновано напрями вдосконалення навчального процесу. Критеріями оцінки ефективності інженерного навчання магістрів, які бажають працювати в інженерному управлінні, може служити їх здібність здійснювати системний аналіз проблемної ситуації, технічної системи; відокремлювати із створеної ситуації задачу і конкретно її формулювати; генерувати оригінальні технічні ідеї; висувати гіпотези; адекватно формулювати отримані результати; проводити ціленаправлений багатоваріантний пошук розв’язку творчої задачі або проблеми; обдумано відкидати власну інерцію мислення; цілеспрямовано здійснювати прогноз розвитку технічних систем; вміння проводити консультації, надаючи клієнтам необхідну науково-технічну інформацію стосовно проблеми. Результати досліджень впроваджені в навчальний процес Закладу вищої освіти «Подільський державний університет». Отримано подальший розвиток досліджень з підготовки здобувачів вищої освіти освітнього ступеня «Магістр» при викладанні дисципліни «Управління технологічними процесами в рослинництві».
Disritmia del sueño “circuitos neuronales y zeitgeber
Authors: Ramírez Ovalle José Ernesto , Elgueta Godoy María Inés , Yojcom Chavajay Bartolo 
Published: October 2022

OBJETIVO: describir la neurofisiología de las disritmias del sueño METODO: construcción teórica a partir de revisión bibliográfica RESULTADOS: el sueño es una necesidad básica del ser humano, de vital importancia para la supervivencia se identifican cómo diversas variedades de zeitgebers que producen cambios significativos en el ciclo de sueño-vigilia del ser humano, la higiene del sueño genera una salud integral de cada individuo CONCLUSIÓN: la falta de sueño produce un desbalance en varios procesos en el cuerpo humano, creando así una privación severa en las alteraciones neurológicas y procesos de desarrollo neuronal.
Neurociencias: la conectividad cerebral
Authors: De Paz Orozco Walter Alexander 
Published: October 2022

OBJETIVO: identificar y describir las bases neuroanatómicas, correlacionales y determinar las redes neuronales entre la sinestesia y la prosopagnosia por medio de la conectividad cerebral MÉTODO: construcción teórica con base a reflexiones y revisión bibliográfica RESULTADO: la conectividad cerebral puede concebirse como el estado temporal de las conexiones neuronales entre regiones cerebrales, anatómicamente separadas, pero funcionalmente conectadas. La sinestesia es una circunstancia en la que la estimulación de una modalidad sensorial provoca experiencias inusuales en una modalidad diferente no estimulada. La prosopagnosia se concibe como la incapacidad para poder identificar rostros. Los sujetos con prosopagnosia denotan dificultad para interpretar otros aspectos importantes del rostro como el entendimiento del sistema emocional a nivel gestual. CONCLUSIÓN: existen diversos cambios anatomofuncionales, alteraciones de redes neuronales y alteración en la conectividad cerebral, la sinestesia congénita y la prosopagnosia del desarrollo pueden manifestarse desde una óptica en ausencia de daño cerebral o patología subyacente.
Neurociencia en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, enfocada en las emociones
Authors: Soberano López Erick Estuardo 
Published: October 2022

OBJETIVO: describir la neurociencia enfocada a las emociones en el entorno educativo METODO: construcción teórica con base a reflexiones RESULTADOS: para mejorar los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje en los estudiantes, es sustancial conocer los aportes de la neurociencia que se han realizado en el trascurso de los años; conocer cómo funciona y aprende el cerebro, ayudará a los docentes y los motivará a conocer nuevas herramientas que coadyuven en el aprendizaje significativo que demanda el Ministerio de Educación CONCLUSIÓN: para llevar al aula los procesos emocionales es importante conocer sobre “La inteligencia emocional para el aprendizaje”, por ello es importante que el docente conozca la importancia de enfocarse en la inteligencia emocional, ya que, esta influye en nuestras vidas y una mala gestión de estas emociones marcara el tipo de persona que actuara ante la sociedad, sin embargo, aún existen docentes en las aulas etiquetan a los estudiantes como hiperactivos, agresivos o antisociales , y estas emociones repercuten en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de los estudiantes y bloquean al cerebro , lo cual no les permite pensar bloquea la memoria y bloquea el control inhibitorio.
Neurociencia aplicada a la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la matemática en el ciclo básico
Authors: Méndez López David Enrique , González Santos Gerardo Abisaí 
Published: October 2022

OBJETIVO: describir la aplicación de la neurociencia en la matemática de estudiantes de ciclo básico METODO: construcción teórica con base a reflexiones. RESULTADOS: la neurociencia aplicada en la enseñanza y aprendizaje de la matemática en el ciclo básico o cultura general, presenta dos grandes áreas a considerar: la comparación entre neurociencia y procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje y la neurociencia en la enseñanza de la matemática, asimismo, el doble contexto de los fundamentos considerados, emanan información de la importancia de conocer la realidad y buscar soluciones para mejorar la realidad de nuestro país en torno a la educación propiamente de las matemáticas CONCLUSIÓN: la importancia de que todos los profesores conozcan cómo funciona el cerebro de un ser humano en vías de aprendizaje, es un punto de partida para mejorar la práctica y de esta manera, buscar estrategias y metodologías para potenciar la significatividad.
Impacto de la desnutrición infantil en el desarrollo del cerebro en Guatemala
Authors: Zea Wellmann Arely Marisol , Robles Bautista Erick Ronaldo 
Published: October 2022

OBJETIVO: demostrar el impacto de la desnutrición en el neurodesarrollo cerebral en un país en vías de desarrollo como Guatemala METODO: construcción teórica con base a reflexión RESULTADOS: es un hecho que la buena nutrición de la madre, desde los primeros meses de gestación y la del bebé, durante los primeros 2 años, así como la calidad de vida, el acceso a agua potable y niveles de estrés no elevados son necesarios para el neurodesarrollo y su carencia pone en riesgo de no poder tener una adaptación adecuada al entorno. Así mismo, puede verse afectado por limitaciones en el desarrollo visual, auditivo y de otras funciones cognitivas superiores, provocando limitaciones a futuro CONCLUSIÓN: existen consecuencias que son factores universales que están a la vista en un país en vías de desarrollo, entre ellos, los pobres resultados de los estudiantes guatemaltecos, en pruebas de lenguaje, comunicación y matemática. La evidencia aquí recogida podría ser de utilidad para comprender la magnitud del problema, las graves consecuencias y la urgencia de abordarlo adecuadamente.
Awareness about pictorial warnings on tobacco products and its impact on tobacco consumers in coastal Karnataka
Authors: Havale Naveenkumar Gangadhar , Naik Prashant Mohan , Kalappa Hemagiri , Undi Malatesh , Naik Manjula , Shreedhar Shyamsundar 
Published: October 2022

Background: Tobacco use is a major risk factor for many chronic diseases, including cancer. India revised the pictorial warnings on all tobacco products in 2018, but its impact on tobacco consumers after the revision is less studied. Aim and Objective: To assess the awareness of the revised pictorial warnings on tobacco products and the impact of it on tobacco consumers in a coastal town. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st to 31st March 2021 among 185 adult tobacco consumers in a coastal town in Karnataka after obtaining ethical clearance and informed consent. The data was analysed using SPSS version 16.0 by descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Fisher’s exact test and binary logistic regression analysis. Results: Majority (95.7%) were males and 96.2% had seen the pictorial warning on the tobacco products. The commonly consumed tobacco products were panmasala (44.9%), gutka (38.9%), cigarette (31.4%) and bidi (15.1%). The mean age of initiation of consuming tobacco products was 24.8 years and mean duration of the habit was 17 years. Conclusions: A majority (96.2%) have seen the pictorial warnings on the tobacco products and significant predictors for reducing tobacco consumption were those who inferred the pictorial warnings as tobacco is injurious to health and cancerous.
Current Status of Anaemia Among 6- 59-Month Old Children In India – What Does the NHFS Fact Sheet Speak?
Authors: Sahrawat Neha , Sodhi Avinash Kaur , Mishra Sidharth Sekhar 
Published: October 2022

Introduction-
India has the highest rate of child anemia among developing countries. To gain the most up-to-date picture of child anemia in India. We used the data of 6 to 59 months old children from the fifth cycle of the National Family Health Survey conducted in 2019–21. The study's goals were to shape the pervasiveness of anaemia in children in state of India, age group and zone, as well as the relationship between socioeconomic factors and anaemia.
Methodology-The presented study is a secondary data analysis based on the data from the NFHS-5 and secondary literature.
Results- The study found that in India in 2019– 21, 67.1% of children of specified age 6-59 months were anaemic, an increase of 8.5% points since the NFHS-4 study conducted in 2015–16 i.e., 67.1% and as compared with NFHS-4 (58.6%), despite of the significant increase in the consumption of iron-folic acid (IFA) tablets under INIPI. The data show that the number was higher in rural India (68.3 percent) compared to urban India (64.2 percent). Unfortunately, recent Economic development and the national anaemia control programme have not resulted in a significant reduction in anaemia prevalence in India.
Conclusion- According to the study, the percentage of children in India was anemia increased by 8.5% in NFHS-5 as compared with previous NFHS-4 survey which found to be at 58.6%.