bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
E-Learning per Webinar in der Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie
Authors: Erne Felix , Back David A. , Gehlen Tobias , Baumgartner Heiko , Zimmermann Alexander ,   AG Digitalisierung der DGOU, Seemann Ricarda J. 
Published: October 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Im Verlauf der COVID-19-Pandemie haben offizielle Schutzmaßnahmen traditionelle Präsenzfortbildungen zum Erliegen gebracht. Für das Fach Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie (O&U) gibt es bisher bezüglich der Angebots- und Nachfragesituation von E‑Learning per Webinar im Kontext der COVID-19-Pandemie keine belastbaren Zahlen.

Fragestellung
Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die quantitative Beschreibung von Angebot und Nachfrage deutschsprachiger Online-Fortbildungen mit Webinar-Charakter aus der Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie (O&U) im zeitlichen Zusammenhang mit der COVID-19-Pandemie.

Material und Methoden
Über gängige Suchmaschinen wurden deutschsprachige, nichtkommerzielle, editierte und wissenschaftlich fundierte Fortbildungen in Form von Webinaren im Bereich O&U von Anbietern mit Sitz in Deutschland identifiziert und interviewt.

Ergebnisse
Alle 4 eingeschlossenen Anbieter (AO Online Campus, BVOU Study Club, OU TO GO, WebDGU) nahmen an den strukturierten Interviews teil und stimmten einer Offenlegung der Teilnehmerzahlen zu. Das Angebot von Webinaren stieg im zeitlichen Zusammenhang mit der COVID-19-Pandemie an. Ebenfalls erhöhten sich bei allen 4 Anbietern die Teilnehmerzahlen.

Diskussion
Während OU TO GO und der BVOU Study Club bereits vor der Pandemie auf E‑Learning-Formate spezialisiert waren, wurde das Kursangebot der AO durch den neu etablierten AO online Campus erweitert und WebDGU ganz neu konzipiert. Eine Limitation der Studie ist die exklusive Ausrichtung auf Webinare und nichtkommerzielle Anbieter. Die Ergebnisse lassen auf positive Entwicklungen in O&U im Bereich E‑Learning hoffen.

Graphic abstract
Prevalence and risk factors of postpartum depression among women living in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Hanach Nivine , Radwan Hadia , Fakhry Randa , Dennis Cindy-Lee , issa Wegdan Bani , Faris MoezAlIslam E. , Obaid Reyad Shaker , Al Marzooqi Suad , Tabet Charbel , De Vries Nanne 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Postpartum depression received almost no attention in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The aim was to examine the prevalence of depressive symptomatology and the associated risk factors among women in the UAE.

Methods
A prospective cohort study recruited women from postpartum wards in hospitals across four emirates in the UAE. Women completed questionnaires immediately after childbirth and at 3 and 6 months postpartum. Depressive symptomatology was measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS > 12). Risk factors were identified using the generalized estimating equation. A stratified analysis of the postpartum period was performed.

Results
Among the 457 women recruited, 35% exhibited depressive symptomatology within the first 6 months postpartum. Younger women (< 25 years), part-time employment, the receipt of financial support from the family, and difficulty in managing monthly income were associated with a higher risk of postpartum depression. Husband’s employment, husband’s support, and living in own house were associated with a lower risk of postpartum depression. Maternity leave of more than 3 months increased the risk of depression during the first 3 months postpartum. From 3 to 6 months postpartum, Muslim women had a higher risk of depression whereas women who breastfed other children and in the past 7 days, and perceived their infant as healthy had a lower risk of depression.

Conclusions
The prevalence of maternal depressive symptomatology is considerable in the UAE. Risk factors change over the 6-month postpartum period suggesting the need for an innovative multidisciplinary approach to the management of postpartum depression, including follow-up screening.
Wintersportverletzungen am Kniegelenk
Authors: Rauch Alexander 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungWintersport stellt aufgrund der großen Beliebtheit eine relevante Entität für Knieverletzungen dar. Beim alpinen Skisport und beim Snowboarden ist das Kniegelenk die von Verletzungen hauptbetroffene Körperregion, beim Eishockey ist es die am dritthäufigsten betroffene Körperregion. Diverse Unfallmechanismen führen zu unterschiedlichen Verletzungsarten und -schweren. Neben Innenbandverletzungen sind Verletzungen des vorderen Kreuzbands von besonderer Bedeutung. Im Profisport sind teils schwere Kombinationsverletzungen gehäuft. Die Therapie wird am Beispiel der Ruptur des vorderen Kreuzbands exemplarisch dargelegt. Goldstandard ist die Ersatzbandplastik. Die „Return-to-sport“-Rate liegt mit 80 % für Skifahren und Snowboarden auf vergleichbarem Niveau mit Sommersportarten wie Football, Basketball oder Baseball. Für Eishockey ist sie mit 96 % noch besser. Prävention kann durch gezielte Trainingsprogramme aber auch durch Optimierung des Materials und dessen Einstellung erzielt werden.
New solid-state membrane and coated wire potentiometric sensors for the determination of Zn(II) ions based on nanoparticles
Authors: Elmosallamy Mohamed A. F. , Hashem Hassan A. , Abdalmoez Fatma F. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe first, novel solid-state membrane sensor for Zn(II) determination is developed based on ZnS nanoparticles. ZnS nanoparticles are synthesized by chemical co-precipitation and investigated via X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and impedance study. X-ray diffraction shows that the prepared ZnS nanoparticles have an average domain size of 5.72 nm, which is very close to the particle size obtained from TEM observations (6.30 nm). The ZnS nanoparticles are pressed into disks and examined as electroactive solid-state membrane. Solid-state membrane and coated wire sensors are fabricated. They display linear responses over concentration ranges of 1.0 × 10−5to 1.0 × 10−1mol L−1Zn2+ions with cationic slopes of 28.9±0.2 and 25.9±0.2 mV decade−1for the solid-state membrane and coated wire sensors, respectively. The lower limits of detection are 2.86 × 10−6and 4.60 × 10−6mol L−1Zn2+ions for the solid-state membrane and coated wire sensors, respectively. The response time for the two sensors is instantaneous (1 s), and the useful lifetimes for the solid-state membrane and coated wire sensors are long (10 and 6 months, respectively). The solid-state membrane sensor is utilized for the quantification of Zn(II) ions in brass alloys and pharmaceutical preparations.
Exploring stop signal reaction time over two sessions of the anticipatory response inhibition task
Authors: Hall Alison , Jenkinson Ned , MacDonald Hayley J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractVarious behavioural tasks measure response inhibition encompassing the ability to cancel unwanted actions, evaluated via stop signal reaction time (SSRT). It is unclear whether SSRT is an unchangeable inherent measure of inhibitory network integrity or whether it can improve with repetition. The current study explored if and how SSRT changed over two sessions for the Anticipatory Response Inhibition Task (ARIT), and how this compared with the Stop Signal Task (SST). Forty-four participants repeated the ARIT and SST over two sessions. SSRT and its constituent measures (Go trial reaction time, stop signal delay) were calculated. SSRT reflecting non-selective response inhibition was consistent between sessions in the ARIT and SST (both p > 0.293). Reaction time and stop signal delay also remained stable across sessions in the ARIT (all p > 0.063), whereas in the SST, reaction time (p = 0.013) and stop signal delay (p = 0.009) increased. SSRT reflecting behaviourally selective stopping on the ARIT improved (p < 0.001) over two sessions, which was underpinned by changes to reaction time (p < 0.001) and stop signal delay (p < 0.001). Overall, the maximal efficiency of non-selective inhibition remained stable across two sessions in the ARIT. Results of the SST confirmed that non-selective inhibition can, however, be affected by more than inhibitory network integrity. Behaviourally selective stopping on the ARIT changed across sessions, suggesting the sequential neural process captured by the SSRT occurred more quickly in session two. These findings have implications for future studies that necessitate behavioural measures over multiple sessions.
Duality in Branched Transport and Urban Planning
Authors: Lohmann Julius , Schmitzer Bernhard , Wirth Benedikt 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn recent work (Lohmann et al. in J Math Pures Appl, 2022,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpur.2022.05.021, Theorem 1.3.4) we have shown the equivalence of the widely used nonconvex (generalized) branched transport problem with a shape optimization problem of a street or railroad network, known as (generalized) urban planning problem. The argument was solely based on an explicit construction and characterization of competitors. In the current article we instead analyse the dual perspective associated with both problems. In more detail, the shape optimization problem involves the Wasserstein distance between two measures with respect to a metric depending on the street network. We show a Kantorovich–Rubinstein formula for Wasserstein distances on such street networks under mild assumptions. Further, we provide a Beckmann formulation for such Wasserstein distances under assumptions which generalize our previous result in [16]. As an application we then give an alternative, duality-based proof of the equivalence of both problems under a growth condition on the transportation cost, which reveals that urban planning and branched transport can both be viewed as two bilinearly coupled convex optimization problems.
Making the Cut: Parathyroidectomy Before or After Kidney Transplantation?
Authors: Wang Rongzhi , Saad Faaiz , McLeod M. Chandler , Kew Clifton , Agarwal Gaurav , Wille Keith , Locke Jayme E. , Chen Herbert , Ong Song 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundHyperparathyroidism is common in patients with end‐stage kidney disease and may persist after kidney transplantation (KT). Parathyroidectomy (PTx) is curative, but whether PTx should be performed before or after KT remains controversial. There is concern that PTx can adversely affect renal allograft function if performed post‐KT and result in persistent hypocalcemia. This study evaluated outcomes and postoperative complications of PTx before and after KT at our institution.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of patients at our center (1/2012–2/2019) who had PTx either pre‐KT or post‐KT. Data on patient demographics, surgical outcomes, and postoperative complications of PTx were collected.ResultsNinety‐eight patients were included in this study, with 23 patients undergoing PTx before KT and 75 after KT. The length of follow‐up after KT was 67.7 ± 25.5 months. In post‐KT PTx patients, 30‐day allograft function was unchanged after PTx. Calcium oxalate and phosphate crystals were less common on allograft biopsies in pre‐KT PTx patients (10.0% vs. 34.8%, p = 0.038). Patients in the pre‐KT group required more calcium supplementation after PTx than the post‐KT group (p < 0.001). At one‐year post‐PTx, 17 (19.1%) patients required > 1000 mg elemental calcium per day and 7 (7.9%) patients required > 2000 mg/day. There was no difference in surgical success or postoperative complications between the two groups.ConclusionsParathyroidectomy before or after kidney transplantation does not adversely affect allograft function. The incidence of persistent hypocalcemia was low. Parathyroidectomy is safe and effective either before or after kidney transplantation.
Malawi Trauma Score is Predictive of Mortality at a District Hospital: A Validation Study
Authors: Yohann Avital , Chise Yonasi , Manjolo Chiphatso , Purcell Laura N. , Gallaher Jared , Charles Anthony 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundTrauma scoring systems can identify patients who should be transferred to referral hospitals, but their utility in LMICs is often limited. The Malawi Trauma Score (MTS) reliably predicts mortality at referral hospitals but has not been studied at district hospitals. We sought to validate the MTS at a Malawi district hospital and evaluate whether MTS is predictive of transfer to a referral hospital.
MethodsWe performed a retrospective study using trauma registry data from Salima District Hospital (SDH) from 2017 to 2021. We excluded patients brought in dead, discharged from the Casualty Department, or missing data needed to calculate MTS. We used logistic regression modeling to study the relationship between MTS and mortality at SDH and between MTS and transfer to a referral hospital. We used receiver operating characteristic analysis to validate the MTS as a predictor of mortality.ResultsWe included 2196 patients (84.3% discharged, 12.7% transferred, 3.0% died). These groups had similar ages, sex, and admission vitals. Mean (SD) MTS was 7.9(3.0) among discharged patients, 8.4(3.9) among transferred patients, and 14.2(8.0) among patients who died (p < 0.001). Higher MTS was associated with increased odds of mortality at SDH (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.14–1.29, p < 0.001) but was not related to transfer. ROC area for mortality was 0.73 (95% CI 0.65–0.80).ConclusionsMTS is predictive of district hospital mortality but not inter‐facility transfer. We suggest that MTS be used to identify patients with severe trauma who are most likely to benefit from transfer to a referral hospital.
Digitally supported shared decision-making and treat-to-target in rheumatology: a qualitative study embedded in a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Muehlensiepen Felix , May Susann , Hadaschik Katharina , Vuillerme Nicolas , Heinze Martin , Grahammer Manuel , Labinsky Hannah , Boeltz Sebastian , Detert Jacqueline , Petersen Jana , Krönke Gerhard , Schett Georg , Knitza Johannes 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPatient-reported outcomes (PRO) represent a cornerstone in the management of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, PRO are currently recorded mainly on paper and only during on-site appointments. Electronic PRO (ePRO) enable continuous remote monitoring and could improve shared decision-making (SDM) and implementation of a treat-to-target (T2T) approach. This study aims to investigate patient and physician experiences, perceived drawbacks and benefits of using an ePRO web-app (ABATON RA) to digitally support SDM and T2T. A qualitative study embedded in a multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT) consisting of interviews with RA patients and physicians that were subsequently analyzed using deductive-inductive qualitative content analysis. Between August 2021 and May 2022, interviews with ten RA patients and five physicians were completed. Three key themes emerged in the analysis: (i) App user experiences; (ii) perceived drawbacks of app-supported rheumatology care; and (iii) perceived benefits of app-supported rheumatology care. Continuous ePRO collection and a high level of standardization strained some RA patients. Certain ePRO seemed outdated and were hard to understand. Patients and physicians appreciated having an improved overview of disease activity, capturing disease flares and continuous remote monitoring. Paper- and time-saving were associated with using ePRO. Physicians feared to become too focused on ePRO data, stressed the lack of ePRO monitoring reimbursement and app interoperability. For RA patients and physicians, benefits seemed to outweigh observed drawbacks of the digitally supported SDM using ePRO. The software was easy to use and could lead to a better understanding of the individual disease course, resource allocation and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Clinical correlates of R1 relaxometry and magnetic susceptibility changes in multiple sclerosis: a multi-parameter quantitative MRI study of brain iron and myelin
Authors: Pontillo Giuseppe , Petracca Maria , Monti Serena , Quarantelli Mario , Lanzillo Roberta , Costabile Teresa , Carotenuto Antonio , Tortora Fabio , Elefante Andrea , Morra Vincenzo Brescia , Brunetti Arturo , Palma Giuseppe , Cocozza Sirio 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The clinical impact of brain microstructural abnormalities in multiple sclerosis (MS) remains elusive. We aimed to characterize the topography of longitudinal relaxation rate (R1) and quantitative susceptibility (χ) changes, as indices of iron and myelin, together with brain atrophy, and to clarify their contribution to cognitive and motor disability in MS.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, voxel-based morphometry, and voxel-based quantification analyses of R1 and χ maps were conducted in gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) of 117 MS patients and 53 healthy controls. Voxel-wise between-group differences were assessed with nonparametric permutation tests, while correlations between MRI metrics and clinical variables (global disability, cognitive and motor performance) were assessed both globally and voxel-wise within clusters emerging from the between-group comparisons.

Results
MS patients showed widespread R1 decrease associated with more limited modifications of χ, with atrophy mainly involving deep GM, posterior and infratentorial regions (p < 0.02). While R1 and χ showed a parallel reduction in several WM tracts (p < 0.001), reduced GM R1 values (p < 0.001) were associated with decreased thalamic χ (p < 0.001) and small clusters of increased χ in the caudate nucleus and prefrontal cortex (p < 0.02). In addition to the atrophy, χ values in the cingulum and corona radiata correlated with global disability and motor performance, while focal demyelination correlated with cognitive performance (p < 0.04).

Conclusions
We confirmed the presence of widespread R1 changes, involving both GM and WM, and atrophy in MS, with less extensive modifications of tissue χ. While atrophy and χ changes are related to global and motor disability, R1 changes are meaningful correlates of cognition.

Key Points
• Compared to healthy controls, multiple sclerosis patients showed R1 and χ changes suggestive of iron increase within the basal ganglia and reduced iron and myelin content within (subnuclei of) the thalamus.
• Thalamic volume and χ changes significantly predicted clinical disability, as well as pulvinar R1 and χ changes, independently from atrophy.
• Atrophy-independent R1 and χ changes, suggestive of thalamic iron and myelin depletion, may represent a sensitive marker of subclinical inflammation.
Long-term evaluation of outcomes and costs of urolithiasis re-interventions after ureteroscopy, extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy based on German health insurance claims data
Authors: Konnopka Claudia , Becker Benedikt , Netsch Christopher , Herrmann Thomas R. W. , Gross Andreas J. , Lusuardi Lukas , Knoll Thomas , König Hans-Helmut 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPurposeComparisons of ureteroscopy (URS), extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for urolithiasis considering long-term follow-up are rare. We aimed to analyze re-intervention rates, costs and sick leave days of URS, SWL and PCNL patients within 7 years.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was based on German health insurance claims data. We included 54,609 urolithiasis patients incidentally treated in 2008–2010. We investigated time to re-intervention, number of sick leave days and healthcare costs. We applied negative binomial, extended Cox regression and gamma models.Results54% were incidentally treated with URS, 40% with SWL and 6% with PCNL. 15% of URS, 26% of SWL and 23% of PCNL patients were re-treated within 7 years. Time to re-intervention was significantly lower for PCNL (955 days) and SWL (937 days) than URS (1078 days) patients. Costs for incident treatment were significantly higher for PCNL (2760€) and lower for SWL (1342€) than URS (1334€) patients. Yet, total costs including re-interventions were significantly higher for PCNL (5783€) and SWL (3240€) than URS (2979€) patients. Total number of sick leave days was increased for PCNL (13.0 days) and SWL (10.1 days) compared to URS (6.8 days) patients.ConclusionThis study describes outcomes after use of different intervention options for urolithiasis. URS patients showed longest time free of re-interventions and lowest number of sick leave days. Although SWL patients initially had lower costs, URS patients had lower costs in the long run. PCNL patients showed high costs and sick leave days.
The percentage and clinical correlates of alexithymia in stable patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Yi Yun , Huang Yuanyuan , Jiang Rui , Chen Qiang , Yang Mingzhe , Li Hehua , Feng Yangdong , Feng Shixuan , Zhou Sumiao , Zhang Lixin , Ning Yuping , Li Zezhi , Wu Fengchun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAlexithymia is a common, but less-recognized affective deficit in patients with schizophrenia. To date, no definitive conclusions have been drawn about the relationship between alexithymia and the clinical symptoms or their clinical correlates, particularly in stable patients with schizophrenia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the link between alexithymia and psychopathological symptoms, as well as any associated correlates, in stable patients with schizophrenia. A total of 435 Chinese patients with schizophrenia were recruited. The Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS) was used to evaluate each patient’s psychopathological symptoms. The Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) was used to measure alexithymia. The percentage of alexithymia was 35.2% in stable patients with schizophrenia. Compared to non-alexithymia patients, patients with alexithymia had higher PANSS total scores, negative subscores, depressive subscores, and cognitive subscores (all p < 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the following variables were positively associated with TAS-20 total scores: PANSS negative subscores (β = 0.274, t = 3.198, p = 0.001) and PANSS depressive subscores (β = 0.366, t = 2.500, p = 0.013). Education years (β = – 0.453, t = – 2.824, p = 0.005) was negatively associated with TAS-20 total scores. Our results suggest that the percentage of alexithymia was relatively higher in stable patients with schizophrenia. Education levels, negative symptoms, and depressive symptoms were independently associated with alexithymia in this specific population.