bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carrier concentration mediated enhancement in thermoelectric performance of various polymorphs of hafnium oxide: a plausible material for high temperature thermoelectric energy harvesting application
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Kumar Ramesh , Singh Mukhtiyar , Meena Deshraj , Vij Ankush 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The optimization of figure of merit by tuning carrier concentrations is an effective way to realize efficient thermoelectrics (TEs). Recently, the feasibility of high p-type carrier concentration (order of ∼1022cm−3) is experimentally demonstrated in various polymorphs of hafnium oxide (HfO2). In light of these studies, using the first-principles calculation combined with the semi-classical Boltzmann transport theory and phonon dynamics, we realized high TE performance in various polymorphs of HfO2 in a range of carrier concentrations at high temperatures. The phonon dispersion calculations confirm the dynamical stability of all polymorphs. The observed values of the Seebeck coefficient are 945.27 mV K−1, 922.62 mV K−1, 867.44 mV K−1, and 830.81 mV K−1 for tetragonal (t), orthorhombic (o), monoclinic (m), and cubic (c) phases of HfO2, respectively, at 300 K. These values remain positive at all studied temperatures which ensures the p-type behaviour of HfO2 polymorphs. The highest value of electrical conductivity (2.34 × 1020 Ω−1m−1s−1) observed in c-HfO2 at 1200 K, and the lowest value of electronic thermal conductivity (0.37 × 1015 W mK s−1) observed in o-HfO2 at 300 K. The lattice thermal conductivities at room temperature are 5.56 W mK−1, 2.87 W mK−1, 4.32 W mK−1, and 1.75 W mK−1 for c-, m-, o- and t- HfO2, respectively which decrease to 1.58 W mK−1, 0.92 W mK−1, 1.12 W mK−1, 0.53 W mK−1 at 1200 K for respective phases. The low lattice thermal conductivities lead to the high values of the figure of merit, i.e. 0.97, 0.87, 0.83, and 0.77 at 1200 K for the m-, o-, t-, and c- HfO2, respectively, at the optimized carrier concentrations (∼1021 cm−3). The predicted optimized carrier concentrations for various phases are in close agreement with the experimental reports. The estimated high figure of merit can make HfO2 a potential material for TE energy harvesting applications at elevated temperatures.
Ultra-compact half-mode substrate integrated waveguide bandpass filters with IRCSRR metamaterial on reinforced hydrocarbon polymer ceramic composites
Authors: Wang Weilai , Huang Yong Mao , Wang Guoan , Bozzi Maurizio 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this work, metamaterial-enabled ultra-compact evanescent-mode half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) bandpass filters are developed by loading inner-rotary complementary split-ring resonator (IRCSRR) on reinforced hydrocarbon polymer ceramic composites substrate. In the proposed IRCSRR, inner-rotary slots are etched inside the conventional complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) metamaterials to enhance the product of equivalent inductance and capacitance without occupying extra circuit area. Therefore, the proposed HMSIW-IRCSRR filters can obtain more size reduction with the same operation frequency as compared with the conventional CSRR-based ones. Similar as the conventional CSRR case, the evanescent-mode transmission below the dominant cutoff frequency of HMSIW can be produced by the negative permittivity effect of IRCSRR, and a transmission zero (TZ) at the upper stopband can be simultaneously generated by the mutual coupling between HMSIW and IRCSRR. Then, to improve the upper stopband performance, source-load coupling topology is utilized in the two-pole filters, which can produce multiple extra TZs. Meanwhile, multiple microstrip L/T-shaped open stubs are employed to introduce hybrid low-pass effect to further extend the upper stopband much wider. To demonstrate the availability of the aforementioned concepts, a series of HSMIW-IRCSRR filters are experimentally designed, fabricated and verified. Measured results shows that both ultra-compact sizes and excellent frequency-selecting performance are achieved simultaneously, as well as good agreement with simulations, all of which illustrating quite good promises for the practical radio frequency and microwave applications.
Polarization-sensitive infrared photodetectors based on van der Waals heterojunction with the unilateral depletion region
Authors: Zhang Kun , Chen Yue , Liu Anna , Deng Ke , Gu Yue , He Ting , Wang Yang , Li Qing , Wang Zhen , Ge Haonan , Zhong Fang , Wang Peng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In recent years, polarization infrared detection technology has made great progress and has been successfully applied in various fields such as national defense, astronomy, and civil applications. However, so far, the integration of micro polarizers and infrared photodetectors is still a big challenge since metal microstructures are severely limited in their size. As anisotropic two-dimensional (2D) materials rapidly appear, this distinctive polarization characteristic regardless of the size provides new freedom to polarization infrared photodetectors. In this paper, a van der Walls heterojunction with the unilateral depletion region was constructed to obtain polarization-sensitive infrared photodetection, in which black phosphorus (BP) serves as a natural polarizer. BP/PtS2 infrared photodetectors possess a fast response speed (the rise time is 56 μs and the fall time is 64 μs). At the same time, these photovoltaic detectors achieve a high detectivity of 4.47 × 1010 cm Hz1/2 W−1 at 830 nm. Using the anisotropic structure of BP, the photovoltaic polarization detector was realized, and its polarization extinction ratio at 830 nm was 2.66 (3.18 @ 1310 nm and 2.63 @ 1550 nm). This work discovers the potential value of anisotropic 2D materials in infrared polarization-sensitive photodetection and provides a possibility for a new infrared polarization detection system.
On the performance of 2D materials based plexcitonic sensor: numerical analysis
Authors: Srivastava Triranjita , Jha Rajan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we propose the implementation of few layers of 2D materials in plexcitonic sensor for sensitivity enhancement. The positioning of the graphene layer implantation in such structure affects the sensitivity. The presence of graphene in contact with analyte offers ∼14% increase in the sensitivity of a bare plexcitonic sensor. Also, the performance of the sensor with the application of other 2D materials such as black phosphorus and MoS2 has been studied. It is found that among graphene and black phosphorous, though MoS2 offers highest sensitivity yet, low operating range limits its appropriateness. We believe that this study will provide a new insight in the applicability of 2D materials for sensing application.
Moiré modulation of charge density waves
Authors: Goodwin Zachary A H , Fal’ko Vladimir I 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Here we investigate how charge density waves (CDWs), inherent to a monolayer, are effected by creating twisted van der Waals structures. Homobilayers of metallic transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), at small twist angles where there is significant atomic reconstruction, are utilised as an example to investigate the interplay between the moiré domain structure and CDWs of different periods. For

3

×

3

CDWs, there is no geometric constraint to prevent the CDWs from propagating throughout the moiré structure. Whereas for

2
×
2

CDWs, to ensure the CDWs in each layer have the most favourable interactions in the domains, the CDW phase must be destroyed in the connecting domain walls. For

3
×
3

CDWs with twist angles close to 180∘, moiré-scale triangular structures can form; while close to 0∘, moiré-scale dimer domains occur. The star-of-David CDW (

13

×

13

) is found to host CDWs in the domains only, since there is one low energy stacking configuration, similar to the

2
×
2

CDWs. These predictions are offered for experimental verification in twisted bilayer metallic TMDs which host CDWs, and we hope this will stimulate further research on the interplay between the moiré superlattice and CDW phases intrinsic to the comprising 2D materials.
Emergent magnetism and exchange bias effect in iron oxide nanocubes with tunable phase and size
Authors: Attanayake Supun B , Chanda Amit , Das Raja , Kapuruge Nalaka , Gutierrez Humberto R , Phan Manh-Huong , Srikanth Hariharan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We report a systematic investigation of the magnetic properties including the exchange bias (EB) effect in an iron oxide nanocube system with tunable phase and average size (10, 15, 24, 34, and 43 nm). X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy reveal the presence of Fe3O4, FeO, and α-Fe2O3 phases in the nanocubes, in which the volume fraction of each phase varies depending upon particle size. While the Fe3O4 phase is dominant in all and tends to grow with increasing particle size, the FeO phase appears to coexist with the Fe3O4 phase in 10, 15, and 24 nm nanocubes but disappears in 34 and 43 nm nanocubes. The nanocubes exposed to air resulted in an α-Fe2O3 oxidized surface layer whose thickness scaled with particle size resulting in a shell made of α-Fe2O3 phase and a core containing Fe3O4 or a mixture of both Fe3O4 and FeO phases. Magnetometry indicates that the nanocubes undergo Morin (of the α-Fe2O3 phase) and Verwey (of the Fe3O4 phase) transitions at ∼250 K and ∼120 K, respectively. For smaller nanocubes (10, 15, and 24 nm), the EB effect is observed below 200 K, of which the 15 nm nanocubes showed the most prominent EB with optimal antiferromagnetic (AFM) FeO phase. No EB is reported for larger nanocubes (34 and 43 nm). The observed EB effect is ascribed to the strong interfacial coupling between the ferrimagnetic (FiM) Fe3O4 phase and AFM FeO phase, while its absence is related to the disappearance of the FeO phase. The Fe3O4/α-Fe2O3 (FiM/AFM) interfaces are found to have negligible influence on the EB. Our findings shed light on the complexity of the EB effect in mixed-phase iron oxide nanosystems and pave the way to design exchange-coupled nanomaterials with desirable magnetic properties for biomedical and spintronic applications.
Correction method for 3D non-linear drift distortions in atomic force microscopy raster measurements
Authors: Degenhardt Johannes , Tutsch Rainer , Dai Gaoliang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A method to correct non-linear drift distortions in all three coordinate axes of atomic force microscope (AFM) images is presented. The method uses two measurements of the sample with two fast scan axes orthogonal to each other. Both AFM images are divided into segments and the shifts of the surface features of the segments of both images are determined. From these shifts subsequently the drift of both measurements is calculated. Depending on the segments used, significant non-linearities of the drift can be corrected. The two required measurements for this method do not have to be carried out in direct succession. With this method it is therefore possible to correct drift in an existing AFM image by measuring the sample again later. Although the method has been developed for AFM, it can also be used for other scanning probe microscopes.
Facile one-pot iodine gas phase doping on 2D MoS2/CuS FET at room temperature
Authors: Pak Sangyeon , Son Jiwon , Kim Taehun , Lim Jungmoon , Hong John , Lim Younhee , Heo Chul-Joon , Park Kyung-Bae , Jin Yong Wang , Park Kyung-Ho , Cho Yuljae , Cha SeungNam 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Electronic devices composed of semiconducting two-dimensional (2D) materials and ultrathin 2D metallic electrode materials, accompanying synergistic interactions and extraordinary properties, are becoming highly promising for future flexible and transparent electronic and optoelectronic device applications. Unlike devices with bulk metal electrode and 2D channel materials, devices with ultrathin 2D electrode and 2D channel are susceptible to chemical reactions in both channel and electrode surface due to the high surface to volume ratio of the 2D structures. However, so far, the effect of doping was primary concerned on the channel component, and there is lack of understanding in terms of how to modulate electrical properties of devices by engineering electrical properties of both the metallic electrode and the semiconducting channel. Here, we propose the novel, one-pot doping of the field-effect transistor (FET) based on 2D molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) channel and ultrathin copper sulfide (CuS) electrodes under mild iodine gas environment at room temperature, which simultaneously modulates electrical properties of the 2D MoS2 channel and 2D CuS electrode in a facile and cost-effective way. After one-pot iodine doping, effective p-type doping of the channel and electrode was observed, which was shown through decreased off current level, improved I
on/I
off ratio and subthreshold swing value. Our results open up possibility for effectively and conveniently modulating electrical properties of FETs made of various 2D semiconductors and ultrathin contact materials without causing any detrimental damage.
Atomic layer deposition of Zr-sandwiched ZnO thin films for transparent thermoelectrics
Authors: Koskinen Tomi , Volin Ulrika , Tossi Camilla , Raju Ramesh , Tittonen Ilkka 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Atomic layer deposited (ALD) transparent thermoelectric materials enable the introduction of energy harvesting and sensing devices onto surfaces of various shapes and sizes in imperceptible manner. Amongst these materials, ZnO has shown promising results in terms of both thermoelectric and optical characteristics. The thermoelectric performance of ZnO can be further optimized by introducing extrinsic doping, to the realization of which ALD provides excellent control. Here, we explore the effects of sandwiching of ZrO2 layers with ZnO on glass substrates. The room-temperature thermoelectric power factor is maximised at 116μW m−1 K−2 with samples containing a 2% nominal percentage of ZrO2. The addition of ZrO2 layers is further shown to reduce the thermal conductivity, resulting in a 20.2% decrease from the undoped ZnO at 2% doping. Our results contribute to increasing the understanding of the effects of Zr inclusion in structural properties and growth of ALD ZnO, as well as the thermal and thermoelectric properties of Zr-doped ZnO films in general.
Atomic layer etching of Sn by surface modification with H and Cl radicals
Authors: Kim Doo San , Jang Yun Jong , Kim Ye Eun , Gil Hong Seong , Jeong Byeong Hwa , Yeom Geun Young 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Sn is the one of the materials that can be used for next generation extreme ultraviolet (EUV) mask material having a high absorption coefficient and, for the fabrication of the next generation EUV mask, a precise etching of Sn is required. In this study, the atomic layer etching (ALE) process was performed for the precise etch thickness control and low damage etching of Sn by the formation SnHxCly compounds on the Sn surface using with H and Cl radicals during the adsorption step and by the removal of the compound using Ar+ ions with a controlled energy during the desorption step. Through this process, optimized ALE conditions with different H/Cl radical combinations that can etch Sn at ∼2.6 Å cycle−1 were identified with a high etch selectivity over Ru which can be used as the capping layer of the EUV mask. In addition, it was confirmed that not only the Sn but also Ru showed almost no physical and chemical damage during the Sn ALE process.
Synthesis, characterization, and applications of gold nanoparticles in development of plasmonic optical fiber-based sensors
Authors: Kumari Anamika , Vyas Vibha , Kumar Santosh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) are readily used nanoparticles which finds applications in fields like biosensors, drug delivery, optical bioimaging and many state of art systems used for detection. In the recent years fiber optic sensors have seen utilization of Au-NPs along with other nanoparticles for implementation of sensors for sensing various biomolecules like cholesterol, glucose, and uric acid. The cancer cells, creatinine and bacteria can also be detected with the fiber optic sensors. Given the significance of Au-NPs in fiber optic sensors, the current work is a review of the synthesis, the common methods used for characterization, and the applications of Au-NPs. It is important to discuss and analyse the work reported in the literature to understand the trend and gaps in developing plasmonic optical fiber sensors.
Analysis of the highest energy confinement in tokamaks based on thermodynamic approach
Authors: Razumova K A , Kasyanova N V , Andreev V F , Lysenko S E 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We analyze the highest energy confinement in tokamak plasmas based on thermodynamic approach (plasma self-organization). The energy transport coefficients in the saturated confinement regimes are calculated from experiments in the T-10 tokamak. Using these coefficients, we estimate the maximal energy confinement for JET, ASDEX Upgrade, JT-60U, DIII-D and KSTAR tokamaks. Calculated energy confinement is in a good agreement with measured ones. Obtained results allow us to predict the maximal energy confinement in newly constructed machines up to a fusion reactor. The energy confinement for two basic scenarios for ITER is accessed.
Complementary transient thermal models and metaheuristics to simultaneously identify linearly temperature-dependent thermal properties of austenitic stainless steels
Authors: Ramos Nícolas Pinheiro , Antunes Mariana de Melo , Lima e Silva Sandro Metrevelle Marcondes de 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper presents an experimental approach for simultaneously identifying the temperature-dependent thermal conductivity (k) and specific heat (c

p
) of 304 austenitic stainless steel (ASS) using complementary transient experiments and metaheuristics. Inverse thermal analysis was based on two heat conducting solids with different geometries. In estimation problems in general, one seeks to obtain as much sensitive data as possible using as few sensors as possible. Single thermocouple data were collected for each thermal model. An objective function fitting these complementary measurements to the corresponding numerical temperatures was minimized using the Lichtenberg algorithm. This metaheuristic algorithm takes advantage of more sensitive information provided by using complementary data, enabling for an accurate inverse solution, even when dealing with wide search ranges. The proposed technique provides a cost-effective and robust property estimation from tests conducted at room temperature. Single-step estimation occurred throughout the whole temperature domain to determine the parameters for linear functions representing the temperature dependence of k and c

p
. The obtained lines agreed well with curves from the literature. The 95% confidence bounds for the parameters of interest indicated deviations below ± 8.5%. Error analysis considering numerical and experimental processes showed an uncertainty close to ± 3%, applied to all estimated parameters.
Passive Comfort Strategies for Typical Peruvian Meso-Andean Houses
Authors: Resano David , Rodriguez Rodolfo , Guillen Oscar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article focuses on the climatic behavior of typical houses in the Meso-Andean zone of Peru. Firstly, the usual construction systems used in this region is described. Secondly, some climate parameters of Cuzco (3.399 meters above sea level) and Alto de Poclús (3.086 meters above sea level), both located at an altitude range of the Meso-Andean zone are reported. Following this, the hygrothermal performance of a typical dwelling situated in Alto de Poclús is monitored. According to these weather conditions and building systems, various passive design strategies to achieve thermal comfort in this type of dwelling are proposed. This study is expected to serve as a reference for future research on this topic, on the one hand. On the other hand, we hope to raise awareness about improving the dwelling where people live in mountainous areas in the Andes.
Influence of Baseline Diastolic Blood Pressure on the Effects of Systolic Blood Pressure Lowering on Cognitive Function in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Gupta Aditi , Boucher Robert , Wei Guo , Gronseth Gary , Parks Adam , Beddhu Srinivasan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Lowering of systolic blood pressure (SBP) in patients with low diastolic blood pressure (DBP), can further lower DBP. This can potentially decrease cerebral perfusion and cognition. We examined the influence of baseline DBP on the effect of lowering SBP on cognition.

Methods
This is a post hoc analysis of the Memory in Diabetes (MIND) substudy (N = 1,430) of the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) study (NCT00000620). Standard neuropsychological tests (Digit Symbol Substitution Test [DSST], Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE], Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test [RAVLT], and Stroop test) were performed at baseline and months 20 and 40. We compared the effects of intensive (goal SBP &lt;120 mm Hg) vs. standard (goal SBP &lt;140 mm Hg) SBP control on the changes in the 4 test scores from baseline to the averages of months 20 and 40 across the range of baseline DBP using cubic spline terms.

Results
Mean age was 63 ± 6 years, 55% were women and 66% White. Participates with lower baseline DBP were older, had more cardiovascular events and a longer duration of diabetes. There was no difference in the change in DSST (−0.22; 95% CI −0.97, 0.52), MMSE (−0.14; 95% CI −0.34, 0.06), RAVLT (−0.12; 95% CI −0.29, 0.06), and Stroop interference (−0.47; 95% CI −1.76, 0.82) in the intensive vs. standard SBP intervention. There was no interaction between baseline DBP and change in scores with the SBP intervention.

Conclusions
Intensive SBP reduction does not adversely affect cognition, even in those with low baseline DBP.
Friendship as the Primary Purpose of Law
Authors: Moreland Michael P 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
A significant aspect of the legacy of John Finnis is the restoration of friendship to a central place in moral, political, and legal theory building on the classical tradition in Plato, Aristotle, and Aquinas. This essay surveys the implications of friendship for law by way of exploring Finnis’s treatment of friendship in several of his works, including friendship as a condition for discourse, friendship as an especially important illustration of the central case, the relationship between friendship and the common good, and the place of civic friendship in a political community. The essay concludes with a discussion of friendship with God.