bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of yields on new varieties of hybrid watermelon
Authors: Wahyudi A , Nazirwan  , Kartahadimaja J , Setyawan AB , Mustakim NA , Askhary F A , Katfar B J 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Watermelon is a very important commodity in food security, especially horticultural products. Watermelon hybrid varieties are proven to be able to increase production and income for watermelon farmers. Watermelon breeding continues to produce superior varieties. Pure strains of watermelon as parents in the propagation or production of hybrid watermelon seeds, are necessary for crosses between parents to produce F1 hybrids. Evaluation and selectionare important stages in a plant breeding program. The purpose of this study was to obtain information on theproduction of hybrid watermelons from the research team of the Politeknik Negeri Lampung watermelon breeder.This study used a Randomized Block Design with nine treatments (varieties) repeated three times. The results of the observations were analyzed using the LSD test at the 5% level. The results showed that the varieties WM200701 and WM200702 had dark skin color and red flesh. Sweetness level data were significantly different by 9.3 °brix andl0.15 °brix when compared to control (8.9 °brix). Varieties WM 200703 and WM 200706 have bright green skin color with thin stripes with red and yellow flesh color. WM 200704 and WM 200705 have red flesh and dark green skin with thick striations. WM 200703 has the highest fruit weight of 4.63 kg per fruit. The six hybrid varieties tested have the potential to be submitted for registration of the F1 hybrid watermelon variety.
Nutrient Deficiency Induces Branch and Shoot Dieback in Robusta Coffee
Authors: Evizal Rusdi , Erry Prasmatiwi Fembriarti 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In southern Sumatra, Robusta coffee is grown mainly in mountain regions, undulating and steep lands, and marginal soils. Management of soil nutrients is a key issue to maintain sustainable coffee production. This survey was conducted at the field of Farmer Training Center (FTC), at Pulau Panggung Village, Semendo Darat Laut Sub-district, Muara Enim District of South Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The trees of seven coffee clones were randomly sampled. The soil of 0-20 cm depth and full-grown leaves from middle branches was compositely sampled. The results of soil analysis and visual symptoms showed a deficiency of macro nutrient including N, P, K, and Mg that coincident with a high incidence of dieback symptoms. We observed that branch dieback incidence was 62-100% with severity score 1.0-2.5 and shoots dieback incidence was 15-50% with severity score 1.0-3.0. Local coffee clone showed a better tolerance on branch and shoots dieback and higher yield potential based on number of fruits and pinhead fruit per bunch. The results of observation on leaf symptoms of nutrient deficiency, slow plant growth, dieback incidence, plant death, and low plant population showed as a failure of coffee establishment induced by low soil fertility and poor plant management.
Effectiveness of FOS (Fructo Oligo Saccharide) from Banana Peel on Total Bacterial Count of Rabbit Meat Jerky
Authors: Syahpura SK , Zulfahmi  , Syofiana A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the production performance (growth performance and carcass production) of New Zealand White (NZW) male rabbits fed FOS (fructooligosaccharides) isolated from Ambon banana peel (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum (L.) Kunt. A total of 50 crossbreed rabbits NZW aged 8 weeks, mean initial weight 496.12±10.61 g, were placed in individual cages, randomly divided into, and each treatment was repeated five times, each replication consisted of two rabbits.The treatment used was P1 (without FOS), P2 (Given FOS for 7 days), P3 (Given FOS for 14 days). FOS with a concentration of 3%, dose 2 mg/kg body weight ad libitum. Drinking water The ingredients used at this stage were rabbit meats in the sun drying (T1), and meat containing FOS from rearing in the dry oven (T2). The feed used was commercial feed, given in the morning and evening. The data obtained were analyzed by means of variance. The similarity of variance was tested using the Duncans. Based on the result showed the growth of bacteria in the rabbit meat jerky can be inhibited. Rabbit jerky given FOS from Ambon banana peel isolation for 7 days did not give a significant difference with FOS from Ambon banana peel isolation for 14 days (P> 0.01) which could inhibit bacterial growth and that the non of FOS isolated from Ambon banana peel has the ability to inhibit the growth of bacteria in rabbit meat jerky, and administration for 7 days can be used to inhibit bacterial growth.
Technology Adoption Using PGF2 Alpha for Breeding
Authors: Candra A A , Putri D D , Noviadi R 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The productivity and health level of goats kept are still relatively low. This is because the maintenance system carried out by farmers is still traditional and there is no touch and technology adoption. The limited scale of ownership coupled with the spread of cage locations makes it difficult to detect estrus/estrus, the absence of superior males also causes a decrease in the genetic quality of livestock. This study aims to find a method of breeding in sheep using reproductive engineering mating techniques to obtain an applicable goat breeding model. Research Design 10 ewes that are not pregnant, prepared for natural mating with the joint bull mating model. The treatment for the ewes was prepared for estrus synchronization reproductive technology using prostaglandins with two doses. The livestock group was induced by intramuscular estrus as much as 0.5; 1; 1.5; and 2 cc per head using the hormone PGF2 alpha (lutalyse). The injection is done with two injections (double injection) with an interval of 11-12 days. Two days after the application of the hormone, the goat showed estrus, then observed the percentage of estrus, estrus intensity and estrus strength. The results showed that all doses that had been given gave good results on the onset of estrus, standing heat, duration of estrus, intensity of estrus and after the second injection with a distance of 11 days all treatments showed 100 percent estrus. Days 14 to 18 after treatment were the peak period with the highest intensity of estrus and standing heat in goats. Giving a dose of prostaglandin 2 ml has been effective and more economical in estrus synchronization to produce quality estrus symptoms.
Preliminary Result of Microearthquake Monitoring at Namora-I-Langit and Silangkitang, Sarulla, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Yudha Satya Drestanta , Sahara David , Astra Doddy 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Namora-I-Langit (NIL) and Silangkitang (SIL) are two exploited geothermal fields within Sibualbuali WKP. SIL started commercial generation of 110 MW on Mar 18, 2017. Currently, 4 producers and 9 injectors support SIL full power generation. The NIL geothermal field has been operated 220 MW since May 2018 with the support of 11 production and 10 injection wells. NIL is a volcanic hydrothermal system that associates with distributed permeability while SIL is fault-controlled permeability system that relates with extensional regime along main Great Sumatra Fault (GSF). Since early 2020, the monitoring of microearthquake (MEQ) has been running in NIL and SIL. The MEQ network consists of 18 permanently installed seismometers which covers a total area of 224 km2. The instruments record 3-4 events in average per day within 300-days monitoring. Four MEQ clusters are consistently detected, two clusters in NIL and other two in SIL. One cluster which is located South of NIL seems to correlate with non-benign water downflow where the clay cap is thin or absence. The intensity of MEQ occurrence and downflow process were dictated by production activity. In SIL, changing of injection activity coincides with the variation of MEQ event rate in East cluster. Those clusters are interpreted due to geothermal exploitation activities in this area. Further MEQ analysis needs to be carried out to understand the interplay between the geothermal conceptual model, geological structure, and injection/production activity.
The Effects of PDC Cutter Geometries to the Drilling Dynamics in Various Geothermal Rocks: A Comprehensive Study Using Advanced Drilling Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Yoan Mardiana Ramadhan , Pasaribu Sepanya 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) bit has been used widely in drilling operations since a long time ago. However, the utilization of this bit in Indonesia’s geothermal drilling has just recently started in 2016, thanks to the rapid development of PDC cutter grades and shapes in the last decade. Prior to that, the geothermal drilling operation relied on Tungsten Carbide Insert (TCI) bit to drill the hard formations. The crushing action of the insert bit is very durable to remove the rocks. However, the seal and bearing limit the life of these bit types, causing multiple bit runs in a long drilling section.
PDC bit offers longer drilling periods if the cutters are still in good condition. However, the nature of geothermal formation usually consists of hard rocks with fractures that can reduce the durability of the conventional flat PDC cutters. To overcome this weakness and optimize drilling operation,. Instead of having a flat surface, new PDC cutters have different 3D shapes. Each has different benefits: improving cutter strength against impact, increasing aggressiveness and depth of cut, or enhancing wear resistance towards abrasive formations.
Advance drilling dynamics simulation helps analyze which cutter types will be more suitable for different geothermal rocks characteristics. The simulation is based on 4D Finite Element Analysis, which models the interaction between the cutting structures and the drilled formation. The result shows the dynamic drilling response of each cutter on different rocks, including the generated vibration, the cutter’s depth of cut distribution on the bit face, and the potential wear pattern on the bit. This paper then discusses which cutter and PDC bit type will be more beneficial for geothermal drilling based on the bit aggressiveness and durability to optimize the drilling operation.
Identification of Potential Geothermal Energy Used for Vaccine COVID-19 Cold Storage Box Using Absorptive Refrigeration
Authors: Hendrarsakti Jooned , Dinda Permatasari RB , Belia Muaja Erstrela , Muwahid Iqbal , Alvin Leonard , Romadhona Muhammad , Riyandi Naufal 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A variety of vaccines of Covid 19 have been developed by different drug makers. Each vaccine brand requires different storage temperature ranged from 2-8°C, which then requires a cold storage box. In Indonesia, vaccine transportation and storage become big challenges to ensure the vaccines in good condition before use. This research focused to find out the possibility of using geothermal energy from Lahendong geothermal power plant unit 5 in Tompaso, North Sulawesi, for 5 liters-cold storage for Covid-19 vaccine using ammonia-water absorptive refrigeration and to identify the possible temperatures for storage of vaccine. Based on the absorption refrigeration system calculation, the current study found that the average evaporator temperature is 3°C, with cooling load of 1.03 kW and COP of 0.43. This cooling load requires a brine of 59.98 kg/s from the Lahendong geothermal power plant.
Water Quality Analysis at Komering River Kayuagung City Ogan Komering Ilir Regency
Authors: Karolina Anita , Ardelia Vera , Ridho Moh. Rasyid 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This research aimed to examine the water quality of the Komering River Kayuagung city based on physical and chemical parameters. The research was conducted from May - June 2021. Water sampling was carried out by purposive sampling by determining 4 observation stations, namely little human activity areas (station 1), sand mining areas (station 2), human activity areas (station 3) and fish farming in cages areas (station 4). Sampling was carried out by several parameters measured i.e. temperature, transparency, current velocity, TDS, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO) and BOD. The measurement results were then compared with the criteria for Class I river water quality standards according to the South Sumatra Governor Regulation No. 16 of 2005. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that the temperature, TDS, BOD generally stiil in the first, second and third class water quality standards. pH and DO values are exceed the first class quality standards.
An Analysis Different Levels of Crude Protein Content of Concentrate Feed
Authors: Duma Y , Damry  , Marsetyo  , Tanari M , Malewa A D , Sulendre I W 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A research was done to study body performance responses of selected Donggala cows to different dietary crude protein content of concentrate feed. Twenty selected Donggala cows with an initial body weights range of 278.6(36.97) kg were used. The animals also had body condition score of 2.63(0.29), body length of 129.85(6.38) cm, shoulder height of 124.8(5.74) cm, bust of 157.45(8.7) cm, and hip width of 37.83(3.4) cm. The animals were arranged in a 4 x 5 randomized block design with 5 dietary treatments differing in crude protein content of concentrate feed (12, 14, 16, 18 or 20 percent). Animals grouping was based on their initial body weights. During the experiment which lasted for 8 weeks, the animals were fed on a ration consisting of 25 percent elephant grass and 75 percent concentrate mix. Results of the experiment indicated that total and daily animals body weight gain, and changes in body condition scores were significantly affected (P<0.01) by the dietary crude protein content of feed. The highest overall and daily body weight gains were obtained at the crude protein level of 18%, while that of changes in body condition score were obtained at the crude protein level of 18%. The dietary crude protein levels did not affect (P > 0.05) animals body dimension measures. It may be concluded that the best dietary protein content of concentrate feed for an optimum body performance in Donggala cows before mating is 18 percent.
Physicochemical Characteristics of Modified Ethanol-Treated Red Sorghum Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench Flour
Authors: Setiaboma W , Yulianti L E , Sarifudin A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Red sorghum flour is modified in order to improve water solubility in cold water. The modified using ethanol treatment increases pasting properties. The objective of this study was to investigate temperature and addition ethanol concentration for chemical, physical and pasting properties of ethanol treated red sorghum flour. The red sorghum flour was prepared heat treatment (60, 80, and 100°C) and addition ethanol (45, 50, and 55%). Results found that both addition ethanol and heat temperature had impacted on pasting properties parameter of red sorghum flour even though the heat temperature was effectively influenced. The addition 50% and temperature 60°C had better thermal properties which had 11.90% moisture content, 0.42% ash content, 81.48 lightness, 5416 cP of final viscosity, and 5271.50 cP of setback. The XRD of native red sorghum (2θ) transformed after treatments. The red sorghum modified ethanol treated dissolved in cold water without heating.
Morphological Characterization of Two Glutinous Rice Landraces from Garut
Authors: Supriatna J , Chaidir L , Priatna T , Hardimansyah H , Nafi’ah H H 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Garut regency has two varieties of local glutinous rice from Sukaresmi sub-district, namely Sigadog and Pecut varieties. Both varieties compared to their morphological characteristics. The results of the study showed both varieties have their own advantages. Varieties of Sigadog can be harvested at 140 days after planting, productive tiller average 36 tillers, average plant height 110 cm, average yield potential of 4.9 tons per ha, weight of 100 grains 28.6 g, resistant to lodging, suitable to be planted in the rainy season and dry season. Varieties of Pecut can be harvested at 125 days after planting, productive tiller average 36 tillers, average plant height 110 cm, average yield potential of 5.9 tons per ha, weight of 100 grains 28.5 g, vulnerable to lodging, suitable to be planted in the dry season only.
The Addition of Different Adsorbents In SA-PVA Matrix For Bacillus Subtilis Immobilization on Methylene Blue Decolorization
Authors: Rohmah A. A. , Purnomo A.S. , Asranudin  
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Wastewater which is not handled by a proper treatment before released in the water body, can cause damage for aquatic biota and its environment. MB is a synthetic textile dye which is toxic and difficult to degrade. Bioremediation by decolorization using microbes such as bacteria is one of the best methods for dye removal. By immobilizing Bacillus subtilis bacterium in an appropriate matrix, it could have more advantage on dye decolorization than by free cell only. The sodium alginate (SA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) are well known as good matrix for decolorization. Besides the addition of B. subtilis in the SA-PVA matrix, the addition of adsorbents could enhance the decolorization. In this study, different adsorbents: bentonite, activated charcoal, kaolin, and corncob powder were investigated for influencing MB decolorization by immobilized B. subtilis in SA-PVA matrix. The result showed that the highest MB decolorization was reached by SA-PVA-B. subtilis with the presence of activated charcoal by approximately 88% of 100 mg/L, followed by the addition of bentonite (82%), kaolin (80%), and corncob powder (79%). The MB decolorization by SA-PVA-Activated charcoal-B. subtilis reached optimum condition at temperature 35 °C, 24 h incubation time in static condition.
The Potency of Coffea liberica to Remediate Peat Soil After Fires In The Musi-Belida Peat Hydrological Unity, Indonesia
Authors: Maryani S , Novriadhy D 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
If not conserved, burned peatlands will significantly affect the succession or development of populations and vegetation composition on peat. It will also be disturbed to reduce biodiversity, causing damage to the hydrological cycle on the land. The rehabilitation of land by replanting repairs on peatlands after burning. Coffea liberica is one type of plantation crop that can be grown in efforts to restore burned peatlands, which can grow and produce well on peatlands so that it has the potential to be the region’s flagship commodity. The research method used is a survey in the peat of the Musi-Belida peat hydrological unity, Indonesia. Sampling point sampling is determined with a purposive random sampling approach where the location is divided based on former fire land and bushland (natural). The incidence of fires on peatlands has an increasing influence on chemical characteristics (Ash Levels, C-Organic, CEC, PH, and exch_Al), which then supports the increase in the chemical elements of peat soil. The distance of canals/channels do not affect the chemical properties of peat soils affected by fire events.
Determinants of Sustainability: A Case of Piloting ISARD Models in Oriental Mindoro and Leyte, Philippines
Authors: Orencio P M , Vallez A G C , Bandong R J M 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
SEARCA, in its 10th five-year plan (10th FYP), implemented the program, Inclusive and Sustainable Agricultural and Rural Development (ISARD). A pilot project was undertaken in a specific rural community following a well-defined scheme for an agroecosystem and through the integration of four inter-related components, technical assistance, capacity building, knowledge management, and linkage and networking. After the completion in 2020, evidences of well-developed agricultural system capable of contributing to the goals of food security and poverty alleviation emerged. In its 11th FYP, SEARCA endeavors to scale out the ARD model project in the Southeast Asian region. But, how will this benefit from adopting FAO’s Sustainable Food and Agriculture (SFA)? This central question was addressed by authors in this study. Using an indicator-based assessment approach, the results revealed that the pilot ISARD project, in general, has adopted the SFA principles. It is rated as Good Sustainability, with an overall SFA index of 0.62. To further meet the aspired sustainability through agricultural interventions, the design, delivery, and implementation of ISARD components should include aspects related to facilitating access to productive resources, finance, services for basic infrastructure, protecting water resources, promoting tenure systems to access land, and enhancing nutrition-based programs for the community.
Drug-delivery nanoparticles for bone-tissue and dental applications
Authors: Higino Taisa , França Rodrigo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The use of nanoparticles as biomaterials with applications in the biomedical field is growing every day. These nanomaterials can be used as contrast imaging agents, combination therapy agents, and targeted delivery systems in medicine and dentistry. Usually, nanoparticles are found as synthetic or natural organic materials, such as hydroxyapatite, polymers, and lipids. Besides that, they are could also be inorganic, for instance, metallic or metal-oxide-based particles. These inorganic nanoparticles could additionally present magnetic properties, such as superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. The use of nanoparticles as drug delivery agents has many advantages, for they help diminish toxicity effects in the body since the drug dose reduces significantly, increases drugs biocompatibility, and helps target drugs to specific organs. As targeted-delivery agents, one of the applications uses nanoparticles as drug delivery particles for bone-tissue to treat cancer, osteoporosis, bone diseases, and dental treatments such as periodontitis. Their application as drug delivery agents requires a good comprehension of the nanoparticle properties and composition, alongside their synthesis and drug attachment characteristics. Properties such as size, shape, core-shell designs, and magnetic characteristics can influence their behavior inside the human body and modify magnetic properties in the case of magnetic nanoparticles. Based on that, many different studies have modified the synthesis methods for these nanoparticles and developed composite systems for therapeutics delivery, adapting, and improving magnetic properties, shell-core designs, and particle size and nanosystems characteristics. This review presents the most recent studies that have been presented with different nanoparticle types and structures for bone and dental drug delivery.
Single-component gradient rules for variational quantum algorithms
Authors: Hubregtsen Thomas , Wilde Frederik , Qasim Shozab , Eisert Jens 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Many near-term quantum computing algorithms are conceived as variational quantum algorithms, in which parameterized quantum circuits are optimized in a hybrid quantum–classical setup. Examples are variational quantum eigensolvers, quantum approximate optimization algorithms as well as various algorithms in the context of quantum-assisted machine learning. A common bottleneck of any such algorithm is constituted by the optimization of the variational parameters. A popular set of optimization methods work on the estimate of the gradient, obtained by means of circuit evaluations. We will refer to the way in which one can combine these circuit evaluations as gradient rules. This work provides a comprehensive picture of the family of gradient rules that vary parameters of quantum gates individually. The most prominent known members of this family are the parameter shift rule (PSR) and the finite differences method. To unite this family, we propose a generalized PSR that expresses all members of the aforementioned family as special cases, and discuss how all of these can be seen as providing access to a linear combination of exact first- and second-order derivatives. We further prove that a PSR with one non-shifted evaluation and only one shifted circuit evaluation does not exist, and introduce a novel perspective for approaching new gradient rules.