bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying song behavior in a free‐living, light‐weight, mobile bird using accelerometers
Authors: Eisenring Elena , Eens Marcel , Pradervand Jean‐Nicolas , Jacot Alain , Baert Jan , Ulenaers Eddy , Lathouwers Michiel , Evens Ruben 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTo acquire a fundamental understanding of animal communication, continuous observations in a natural setting and at an individual level are required. Whereas the use of animal‐borne acoustic recorders in vocal studies remains challenging, light‐weight accelerometers can potentially register individuals’ vocal output when this coincides with body vibrations. We collected one‐dimensional accelerometer data using light‐weight tags on a free‐living, crepuscular bird species, the European Nightjar (Caprimulgus europaeus). We developed a classification model to identify four behaviors (rest, sing, fly, and leap) from accelerometer data and, for the purpose of this study, validated the classification of song behavior. Male nightjars produce a distinctive “churring” song while they rest on a stationary song post. We expected churring to be associated with body vibrations (i.e., medium‐amplitude body acceleration), which we assumed would be easy to distinguish from resting (i.e., low‐amplitude body acceleration). We validated the classification of song behavior using simultaneous GPS tracking data (i.e., information on individuals’ movement and proximity to audio recorders) and vocal recordings from stationary audio recorders at known song posts of one tracked individual. Song activity was detected by the classification model with an accuracy of 92%. Beyond a threshold of 20 m from the audio recorders, only 8% of the classified song bouts were recorded. The duration of the detected song activity (i.e., acceleration data) was highly correlated with the duration of the simultaneously recorded song bouts (correlation coefficient = 0.87, N = 10, S = 21.7, p = .001). We show that accelerometer‐based identification of vocalizations could serve as a promising tool to study communication in free‐living, small‐sized birds and demonstrate possible limitations of audio recorders to investigate individual‐based variation in song behavior.
The Synthesis of Asymmetric Perylene Diimide Acceptors and Their Optoelectronic Properties Studies
Authors: Wang Liping , Shen Hao , You Xiaoxiao , Wu Di , Xia Jianlong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractInspired by the advantages of heteroatoms introducing and molecular structure symmetry‐breaking in construction of non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs), in this contribution, we designed and synthesized three asymmetric perylene diimide (PDI) based acceptors by annulating a selenophene and/or fusing a thiophene ring at the bay position. Using commercially purchased PBDB−T as electron donor, a best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.32 % was achieved for selenophene‐annulated PDI (PDI2−Se), while higher PCE of 6.10 % was obtained for the thiophene fused one (PDI2−FT). Interestingly, PDI2Se−FT, in which the S and Se atoms introduced simultaneously, showed the best photovoltaic performance among the three asymmetric NFAs with an optimal PCE of 6.96 %. This result demonstrates that incorporation of diverse heteroatoms at the bay positions to construct asymmetric configuration is a robust design strategy for high performance PDI‐based NFAs.
Bridging of childhood obsessive‐compulsive personality disorder traits and adult eating disorder symptoms: A network analysis approach
Authors: Giles Sarah , Hughes Elizabeth K. , Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz Matthew , Treasure Janet , Fernandez‐Aranda Fernando , Karwautz Andreas F. K. , Wagner Gudrun , Anderluh Marija , Collier David A. , Krug Isabel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesObsessive‐compulsive personality disorder (OCDP) traits are commonly associated with eating disorders (EDs), with evidence demonstrating that these traits predispose and exacerbate the ED illness course. However, limited research has examined the symptomatic interplay between ED and OCDP traits. We used network analysis to (1) identify the most central symptoms in a network comprised of OCPD traits retrospectively assessed in childhood and ED symptoms and (2) to identify symptoms which bridged OCPD traits and ED symptoms.MethodsParticipants were 320 females with an ED (anorexia nervosa n = 227, bulimia nervosa n = 93), who completed the semi‐structured EATATE interview and the Eating Disorder Inventory‐2. Expected influence (EI) was computed to determine each symptom's influence in the network. Bridge symptoms were identified by computing bridge EI.ResultsA regularised partial correlation network showed that ascetism, social insecurity, ineffectiveness, and impulsivity had the highest EI in the OCPD and ED network. With respect to bridging symptoms, interpersonal distrust emerged as a possible bridging node between the OCPD and ED trait/symptom clusters.DiscussionThese findings highlight the centrality of non‐specific ED symptoms in the ED symptom network and suggest that interpersonal distrust may play a functional role through which childhood OCPD traits and ED symptoms are connected.
Control energy assessment of spatial interactions among macro‐scale brain networks
Authors: Yuan Jing , Ji Senquan , Luo Liao , Lv Jinglei , Liu Tianming 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMany recent studies have revealed that spatial interactions of functional brain networks derived from fMRI data can well model functional connectomes of the human brain. However, it has been rarely explored what the energy consumption characteristics are for such spatial interactions of macro‐scale functional networks, which remains crucial for the understanding of brain organization, behavior, and dynamics. To explore this unanswered question, this article presents a novel framework for quantitative assessment of energy consumptions of macro‐scale functional brain network's spatial interactions via two main effective computational methodologies. First, we designed a novel scheme combining dictionary learning and hierarchical clustering to derive macro‐scale consistent brain network templates that can be used to define a common reference space for brain network interactions and energy assessments. Second, the control energy consumption for driving the brain networks during their spatial interactions is computed from the viewpoint of the linear network control theory. Especially, the energetically favorable brain networks were identified and their energy characteristics were comprehensively analyzed. Experimental results on the Human Connectome Project (HCP) task‐based fMRI (tfMRI) data showed that the proposed methods can reveal meaningful, diverse energy consumption patterns of macro‐scale network interactions. In particular, those networks present remarkable differences in energy consumption. The energetically least favorable brain networks are stable and consistent across HCP tasks such as motor, language, social, and working memory tasks. In general, our framework provides a new perspective to characterize human brain functional connectomes by quantitative assessment for the energy consumption of spatial interactions of macro‐scale brain networks.
Tumor factors associated with in‐field failure for nasopharyngeal carcinoma after intensity‐modulated radiotherapy
Authors: Liu Xixi , Wu Bian , Huang Jing , Qin You , Zhang Zhanjie , Shi Liangliang , Hong Xiaohua , Ding Qian , Peng Gang , Yang Kunyu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo identify the tumor factors of in‐field failure for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in the intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) era.MethodsPatterns of recurrence were classified as in‐field, marginal, and out‐field failures. Multivariate analyses with the Cox proportional hazards model were used to identify tumor‐related factors of in‐field failure.ResultsA total of 1039 patients with NPC received IMRT from 2012 to 2019 and 75 developed recurrences, with 88.0% (66/75) considered as having in‐field failures. Multivariate analysis showed that pretreatment gross tumor volume of nasopharynx ≥68.8 mL and histopathological type of nonkeratinizing differentiated carcinoma (NKDC) were the independent tumor factors of in‐field local failure, while gross tumor volume of involved lymph nodes ≥19.9 mL and cervical nodal necrosis (CNN) were associated with in‐field regional failure (all p < 0.05).ConclusionsIn‐field failure was the major pattern of recurrence in patients with NPC. Large tumor volume, NKDC, and CNN were the tumor factors associated with in‐field failure.
Mitochondrial structural variations in the process of mitophagy
Authors: Zhang Dan , He Ying , Wang Jinying , Wu Liuying , Liu Bing , Cai Songtao , Li Yuan , Yan Wei , Yang Zhigang , Qu Junle 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMitochondrion is one of significant organelles inside cells because it serves as a hub for energy management and intracellular signaling. Internal/external damages on mitochondria would lead to mitochondrial stresses with the malfunctions, accompanying with the changes of morphological structure and abnormal local environments (pH values). Mitophagy is capable of degradation of damaged mitochondrial segments to restore its normal metabolism, dynamics, and biogenesis. The dynamic structural visualization and pH quantification can be helpful for the understanding of mitochondrial functions as well as the diagnosis of disorders linking with this process. In this work, we use confocal laser scanning microscopy, STED super‐resolution nanoscopy and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy, in conjunction with a mitochondrial probe to image the dynamic changes in the mitochondrial morphology and microenvironmental pH values during mitophagy in live cells, in particular, the structural changes of mitochondrial cristae beyond optical diffraction can be distinguished by STED nanoscopy with/without treatment by CCCP, which will provide a new view for the diagnosis and personalized treatment of mitochondrial dysfunction‐related diseases.
The pathophysiology and treatment of musculoskeletal fibrosis
Authors: Sheets Kelsey , Overbey Juliana , Ksajikian Andre , Bovid Karen , Kenter Keith , Li Yong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFibrosis continues to challenge the regeneration and repair of the Orthopaedic tissues in states of injury or disease. The mechanism behind developmental fibrosis has been widely investigated in the last few decades. However, the current efficacy of treatment for existing fibrous scars remains insufficient from both basic research and clinical perspectives. Scarred fibrotic tissue impedes the physical function of affected local tissues and organs and may also be associated with abnormal pain conduction or tissue reinjury. It is necessary to discover the functional treatment for fibrous scars as this pathology is medically demanding to effected patients. The current article will review the mechanisms behind fibrosis formation and the treatment potential in the field of the musculoskeletal system, especially in the pathology and treatment of injured skeletal muscle and the development of osteoarthritis.
Aberrant expressions of circulating lncRNA NEAT1 and microRNA‐125a are linked with Th2 cells and symptom severity in pediatric allergic rhinitis
Authors: Wu Xionghui , Zhao Sijun , Huang Weiqing , Huang Lihua , Huang Min , Luo Xinyou , Chang Shuting 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveLong noncoding RNA nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (lnc‐NEAT1) and its target microRNA‐125a (miR‐125a) are reported to regulate immune and inflammation process in allergic rhinitis (AR). Hence, this study intended to investigate the correlation between lnc‐NEAT1 and miR‐125a expressions, as well as their clinical values in pediatric AR patients.MethodsPeripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from 80 pediatric AR patients, 40 disease controls (DCs), and 40 healthy controls (HCs) were collected to detect lnc‐NEAT1 and miR‐125a expressions by reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction. For pediatric AR patients only, serum interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) and interleukin (IL)‐10 were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; meanwhile, T helper (Th) 1 and Th2 cells in CD4+ T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.ResultsLnc‐NEAT1 was overexpressed, while miR‐125a downregulated in pediatric AR patients compared to DCs and HCs (all p < 0.001). Moreover, lnc‐NEAT1 expression negatively correlated with miR‐125a expression in pediatric AR patients (p = 0.002), but not in DCs (p = 0.226) or HCs (p = 0.237). Furthermore, in pediatric AR patients, lnc‐NEAT1 expression positively associated with TNSS (p < 0.001), sneezing score (p = 0.006), and congestion score (p = 0.008); miR‐125a expression was negatively related to TNSS (p < 0.001), itching score (p = 0.040), and sneezing score (p = 0.005). Additionally, lnc‐NEAT1 expression positively, while miR‐125a expression negatively correlated with Th2 cells and IL‐10 (all p < 0.05), but they were not correlated with Th1 cells or IFN‐γ in pediatric AR patients.ConclusionCirculating lnc‐NEAT1 and miR‐125a are aberrantly expressed and linked with Th2 cells and symptom severity in pediatric allergic rhinitis.
Internalized stigma and self‐presentation strategies of persons with psychotic and psychiatric experiences
Authors: Georgaca Eugenie , Zissi Anastasia , Cromby John 
Published: January 2022

AbstractStigma is detrimental to persons experiencing mental distress, as it impacts on their social inclusion, quality of life, and recovery. In this article, we present the self‐presentation strategies employed by persons with psychosis to manage internalized stigma. A study of the life trajectories of persons with psychosis analyzed 27 biographical interviews and identified five types of biographical trajectories. This article focuses on one biographical type, represented by six narratives. Participants placed in this biographical type struggle to portray a socially acceptable self through concealing experiences of distress and distancing the self from the psychiatric label they entail. This was achieved through several strategies, including the normalization of prior life, unwillingness to disclose psychotic experiences, unquestioning compliance with psychiatric medication, and presenting oneself as an ordinary person. Fostering more adaptive coping strategies to reduce internalized stigma may be a potential goal for psychosocial interventions.
Muscle strength and prediabetes progression and regression in middle‐aged and older adults: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Qiu Shanhu , Cai Xue , Yuan Yang , Xie Bo , Sun Zilin , Wang Duolao , Wu Tongzhi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrediabetes progression is associated with increased mortality while its regression decreases it. It is unclear whether muscle strength is related to prediabetes progression or regression. This study investigated the associations of muscle strength, assessed by grip strength and chair‐rising time, with prediabetes progression and regression based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) enrolling middle‐aged and older adults.MethodsWe included 2623 participants with prediabetes from CHARLS, who were followed up 4 years later with blood samples collected for measuring fasting plasma glucose and haemoglobin A1c. Grip strength (normalized by body weight) and chair‐rising time were assessed at baseline and categorized into tertiles (low, middle, and high groups). Prediabetes at baseline and follow‐up was defined primarily using the American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria and secondarily using the World Health Organization (WHO) and International Expert Committee (IEC) criteria. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was applied to obtain the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsThe mean age of included participants was 59.0 ± 8.6 years, and 46.6% of them were males. During follow‐up, 1646 participants remained as prediabetes, 379 progressed to diabetes, and 598 regressed to normoglycaemia based on ADA criteria. Participants who progressed to diabetes had lower normalized grip strength than those who remained as prediabetes (0.49 ± 0.15 vs. 0.53 ± 0.15, P < 0.001), but participants who regressed to normoglycaemia showed the opposite (0.55 ± 0.16 vs. 0.53 ± 0.15, P = 0.003). However, chair‐rising time was comparable across different groups (Poverall = 0.17). Compared with participants in low normalized grip strength or high chair‐rising time group, those in high normalized grip strength or low chair‐rising time group had decreased odds of progression to diabetes (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.44 to 0.87; and OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.51 to 0.93, respectively) after multivariable adjustment. However, both were unrelated to the odds of regression to normoglycaemia (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.25; and OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.07, respectively). These outcomes remained generally comparable when prediabetes was defined by WHO or IEC criteria. Higher normalized grip strength but not lower chair‐rising time was prospectively associated with lower blood pressure, better glycaemic condition, and lower inflammation (all P ≤ 0.04).ConclusionsHigh muscle strength is associated with reduced odds of progression to diabetes but does not predict regression to normoglycaemia in prediabetes. Future studies are warranted to assess whether increases in muscle strength promote prediabetes regression.
Heat‐Treated Adzuki Bean Protein Hydrolysates Reduce Obesity in Mice Fed a High‐Fat Diet via Remodeling Gut Microbiota and Improving Metabolic Function
Authors: Zhao Qingyu , Fu Yongxia , Zhang Fan , Wang Chao , Yang Xuehao , Bai Shuqun , Xue Yong , Shen Qun 
Published: January 2022

ScopeHeat‐treated adzuki bean protein hydrolysates (APH) reduce cholesterol in vitro. However, it is unclear if APH have anti‐obesity effects in vivo and, if so, the relationship between the effects and the improvement of gut microbiota composition and metabolic function.Methods and ResultsFour groups of mice are fed either a normal control diet (NCD) or a high‐fat diet (HFD) with or without APH for 12 weeks. In HFD‐fed mice, APH supplementation significantly alleviate fat accumulation, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and inflammation. In addition, APH supplementation regulate gut microbiota composition, reduce the abundance of harmful bacteria (Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Romboutsia, Blautia, Mucispirillum, Bilophila, and Peptococcus), enrich Lactobacillus and SCFA‐producing bacteria (Lactobacillaceae, Eisenbergiella, Alistipes, Parabacteroides, Tannerellaceae, Eubacterium_nodatum_group, Acetatifactor, Rikenellaceae, and Odoribacter), and increase fecal SCFAs concentration. Importantly, APH supplementation significantly regulate the levels of serum metabolites, especially Lactobacillus‐derived metabolites and tryptophan derivatives, which help to alleviate obesity and its complications.ConclusionAPH improve gut microbiota composition and metabolic function in mice and may help to prevent and treat obesity and related complications.
Pediatric chest‐abdomen‐pelvis and abdomen‐pelvis CT images with expert organ contours
Authors: Jordan Petr , Adamson Philip M. , Bhattbhatt Vrunda , Beriwal Surabhi , Shen Sangyu , Radermecker Oskar , Bose Supratik , Strain Linda S. , Offe Michael , Fraley David , Principi Sara , Ye Dong Hye , Wang Adam S. , van Heteren John , Vo Nghia‐Jack , Schmidt Taly Gilat 
Published: January 2022

PurposeOrgan autosegmentation efforts to date have largely been focused on adult populations, due to limited availability of pediatric training data. Pediatric patients may present additional challenges for organ segmentation. This paper describes a dataset of 359 pediatric chest‐abdomen‐pelvis and abdomen‐pelvis Computed Tomography (CT) images with expert contours of up to 29 anatomical organ structures to aid in the evaluation and development of autosegmentation algorithms for pediatric CT imaging.Acquisition and validation methodsThe dataset collection consists of axial CT images in Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) format of 180 male and 179 female pediatric chest‐abdomen‐pelvis or abdomen‐pelvis exams acquired from one of three CT scanners at Children's Wisconsin. The datasets represent random pediatric cases based upon routine clinical indications. Subjects ranged in age from 5 days to 16 years, with a mean age of 7 years. The CT acquisition, contrast, and reconstruction protocols varied across the scanner models and patients, with specifications available in the DICOM headers. Expert contours were manually labeled for up to 29 organ structures per subject. Not all contours are available for all subjects, due to limited field of view or unreliable contouring due to high noise.Data format and usage notesThe data are available on The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA_ (https://www.cancerimagingarchive.net/) under the collection Pediatric‐CT‐SEG. The axial CT image slices for each subject are available in DICOM format. The expert contours are stored in a single DICOM RTSTRUCT file for each subject. The contour names are listed in Table 2.Potential applicationsThis dataset will enable the evaluation and development of organ autosegmentation algorithms for pediatric populations, which exhibit variations in organ shape and size across age. Automated organ segmentation from CT images has numerous applications including radiation therapy, diagnostic tasks, surgical planning, and patient‐specific organ dose estimation.
Adiponectin deficiency promotes endometrial carcinoma pathogenesis and development via activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinase
Authors: Yan Yunjing , Shi Hui , Zhao Zhenggang , Wang Shuai , Zhou Sujin , Mu Yunping , Ding Ning , Lai Yimei , Zhao Allan Z , Cheng Lixian , Li Fanghong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObesity is one of the major risk factors for cancer. Clinical studies have demonstrated that circulating levels of adiponectin are inversely correlated, not only with the extent of adiposity, but also with the incidence of several types of cancer, particularly endometrial cancer (EC). However, thus far, adiponectin remains a correlative factor, without definitive evidence to show a causal effect in EC and the potential mechanism(s) involved. To address this issue, we introduced an Apn‐null mutation into Pten haploid‐deficient (Pten+/−) mice. The Pten heterozygous mutation alone led to the development of EC in less than 30% of female mice; however, when combined with the Apn‐null mutation, the incidence of endometrial lesions rose to at least two‐thirds. Although Apn deficiency did not further potentiate the Akt activation caused by the Pten mutation, it elevated the phosphorylation of mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) p42/44, indicating activation of the MAPK signaling pathway. Treatment of Apn−/−;Pten+/− mice with a MEK inhibitor blocked the development of EC. Finally, xenografts of a PTEN‐proficient human EC cell line grew faster in Apn‐deficient mice, whereas an adiponectin receptor agonist reduced xenograft growth of a PTEN‐deficient human EC cell line. Thus, reduction of adiponectin activity promotes EC development, at least in the context of Pten mutation, by activating MAPK. © 2022 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.