bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient 6.5 dBm 55 GHz CMOS VCO with simultaneous phase noise and tuning range optimization
Authors: Tibenszky Zoltán , Morath Helmuth , Carta Corrado , Ellinger Frank 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the design and characterization of an efficient high-output-power 55 GHz fundamental oscillator. The performance parameters of the oscillator are analysed as a function of the contributors of the tank capacitance, and the design choices in the varactor for phase noise and for tuning range are exemplified. The circuit was implemented in 22 nm FD-SOI CMOS technology and occupies 0.046 mm2area including the matching network. On-wafer measurement results have demonstrated 6.5 dBm peak output power, 22% peak DC-to-RF efficiency and −98.3 dBc/Hz phase noise at 1 MHz offset frequency, while the core draws 8.3 mW power. To the best knowledge of the authors, the efficiency is the best, while the output power is the second best among CMOS oscillators in the same frequency range, and the phase noise is the best result for V-band fundamental CMOS oscillators reported to date.
Parameter optimization of PV integrated Shunt Active power filter with Taguchi SNR
Authors: Sao Jitendra Kumar , Panda Gayadhar , Ray Pravat Kumar , Patidar Ram Dayal , Swain Sushree Diptimayee 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this article, a better optimization method known as the Taguchi method is implemented for optimizing the designing parameters of PV integrated Shunt Active power filter (SAPF). The effect of these parameters on the performance of SAPF is also studied with the help of this method. This paper also signifies the benefits of using the Taguchi method for optimization over the existing particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. SAPF is a very popular device for power quality improvement through harmonics compensation. In non-conventional energy sources, solar is most widely used dues to its cost-effectiveness over other sources. Hence, PV integrated SAPF is considered for study for this article. Incremental conductance (IncCond) based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique is used to extract the maximum power from PV panel. Performance of this PV Integrated SAPF depends on many factors like reference current generation techniques, switching pulse generation technique and selection of SAPF designing parameters, etc. To get the optimum performance from SAPF, designing parameters like gains of PI-controller, coupling impedance, and dc-link capacitor need to be optimized. PV integrated SAPF is modeled and simulated in Matlab/Simulink. SAPF parameters are optimized by using both the proposed Taguchi method and the existing PSO algorithm and their results are analyzed. Simulation results are also verified using a laboratory-developed experimental setup.
Simplification in 43 varieties of urban Norwegian
Authors: Bugge Edit , Neteland Randi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the linguistic outcomes of contact situations in 43 Norwegian urban towns, comparing the urban varieties’ noun systems to those of the rural dialects surrounding each town. Two questions are explored: i) Is the morphology of the urban Norwegian varieties always more simplified, in terms of paradigmatic complexity and repertoire of inflectional suffixes, when compared to neighbouring rural varieties? ii) Can the noun morphology of urban Norwegian varieties best be explained as resulting from levelling and standardisation processes or as grammatical simplification between dialects in contact? We find that the urban varieties’ noun systems form a close, yet consistently simplified, match to their neighbouring rural varieties. The urban varieties can, however, not easily be placed on a scale between traditional rural dialects and standard language, indicating that the noun systems in the urban varieties of Norway are best understood as resulting from simplification rather than standardization.
Gender variation in the requestive behaviour of Early Modern Scottish and English letter-writers? A study of private correspondence
Authors: Elsweiler Christine 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study applies the methods of variational pragmatics, a discipline situated at the intersection of pragmatics and variationist sociolinguistics, to historical data to explore the effect of the macro-social factors gender and region on request choices in Scottish and English private letters written between 1570 and 1700. It specifically examines gender variation regarding the choice of request strategies and of internal downgrading modification, e.g. the use of modal auxiliaries or hedges. Overall, the analysis only finds limited evidence for gender differences in the private correspondence data. The requestive behaviour of Scottish and English female and male letter-writers displays similar directness levels and both genders also employ mitigating modifiers to a similar degree. It is shown that the requestive style of women and men is determined by the situational circumstances of a letter rather than by gender. Moreover, when zooming in on the level of direct realisation strategies, the analysis provides evidence that the macro-social factor region has a greater impact on the choice of realisation strategies than gender.
Enhancing Access to Justice Through Donor-Led Legal Aid Initiatives: International Normative Framework, Practical Approaches, and Some Findings from the Field
Authors: Socher Johannes 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
As an objective in international legal cooperation, interventions with the aim to enhance access to justice are a relatively new phenomenon that has famously been described as the ‘legal empowerment alternative’ which goes ‘beyond the rule of law orthodoxy’. Generally speaking, while traditional approaches primarily aim at promoting the rule of law ‘top–down’ by strengthening state structures and capacities, access to justice projects take a ‘bottom–up’ approach focusing on the empowerment of ‘users’ of justice systems. The overarching theory of change behind this approach is that empowered citizens are better able to participate in decision-making processes at the grassroots level, helping build greater trust and confidence in the justice system and public institutions, particularly in fragile and conflict-affected situations. Focusing on the provision of legal aid services, this article outlines the international normative framework, depicts the various practical approaches, and reflects some findings resulting from a recent evaluation commissioned by the German Federal Foreign Office on its engagement in enhancing access to justice, drawing from examples in Palestine, Ukraine, and Pakistan.
Noun phrase complexity and contiguity in a Papuan language
Authors: Olsson Bruno 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article considers NP complexity and discontinuity in the Papuan language Coastal Marind. First, I give an overview of NP structure in the language, which is characterized by extremely limited possibility of elaboration and modification. I connect this to the observation that Papuan languages are characterized by exceptionally simple NP structures. The lack of research makes it difficult to evaluate the significance of such observations, but I suggest that Coastal Marind is an example of a Papuan language that imposes very strict upper boundaries on NP complexity. Second, while an argument could be made that Coastal Marind NPs allow considerable discontinuity, more thorough consideration of the facts reveals a fundamental, tight-knit, left-branching NP structure, which contrasts with relatively rarely employed looser nominal configurations, including discontinuous nominal expressions. The discontinuous construals are restricted primarily by information structure. Although considered grammatical by speakers, they are extremely rare in corpus data. I propose that aboutness is an important factor constraining the choice of nominal construal types in Coastal Marind discourse.
Zoledronate promotes ECM degradation and apoptosis via Wnt/β-catenin
Authors: Xiao Jialing , Li Yali , Cheng Gang , Xu Guochao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study examined the potential mechanism of zoledronate on interleukin (IL)-1β-induced temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) chondrocytes, using IL-1β-induced rabbit immortalized mandibular condylar chondrocytes cultured with zoledronate. Cell viability, apoptosis, mRNA, and protein expression of relevant genes involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, apoptosis, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling were examined. The involvement of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling was examined using Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor (2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-7,8-dihydro-5H-thiopyrano[4,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ol (XAV-939)) and activator lithium chloride (LiCl). Aggrecan and type II collagen were downregulated by zoledronate, especially with 100 nM for 48 h (p < 0.01), consistently with the upregulation of A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-4 (ADAMTS-4) (p < 0.001), matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9) (p < 0.01), caspase-3 (p < 0.001) and downregulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) (p < 0.01). The apoptotic rate increased from 34.1% to 45.7% with 100 nM zoledronate for 48 h (p < 0.01). The effects of zoledronate on ADAMTs4 (p < 0.001), MMP-9 (p < 0.001), caspase-3 (p < 0.001), and PCNA (p < 0.01) were reversed by XAV-939, while LiCl increased caspase-3 expression (p < 0.01). In conclusion, zoledronate enhances IL-1β-induced ECM degradation and cell apoptosis in TMJOA chondrocytes. Wnt/β-catenin signaling might be involved in this process, but additional studies are necessary to determine the exact involvement of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in chondrocytes after zoledronate treatment.
Perceived attributes driving the adoption of system of rice intensification: The Indonesian farmers’ view
Authors: Arsil Poppy , Tey Yeong Sheng , Brindal Mark , Ardiansyah  , Sumarni Eni , Masrukhi  
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article argues that the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) future promotion should be based on the potential users’ good understanding of sustainable agriculture. A qualitative approach was used to examine the perceptions of SRI attributes among Indonesian rice farmers, which is built upon the developing theory of diffusion of innovation. Through focus group discussions in three Indonesian provinces, compatibility, complexity, and relative advantage were identified as essential factors for SRI adoption. SRI was seen as incompatible with current farming practices, labour capacity, budget, and time available for additional labour inputs. SRI was seen as relatively complicated in terms of compost processing and application as well as mechanised agricultural technologies. As a result of the economic surplus provided by SRI rice, organised farmers may be able to obtain a higher price for SRI rice than non-organised farmers. Environmental and agronomic benefits were thought to have a long-term payoff. Such results demonstrate the subjective evaluation of SRI by farmers, which is important to its implementation.
Efficient and selective adsorption of U(VI) by succinic acid modified iron oxide adsorbent
Authors: Amesh Pamarthi , Venkatesan Konda Athmaram , Suneesh Asokan Sudha , Chandra Manish , Gupta Deepak K. , Thoguluva Ravindran R. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The iron oxide surface was modified with succinic acid moiety and the adsorbent obtained, Fe-SUC, was evaluated for the adsorption of U(VI) (Uranium (VI)) from aqueous solution. The Fe-SUC was characterized by FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction, SEM-EDX (Scanning Electron Microscope - Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy), and particle size analysis. The adsorption behavior of U(VI) on Fe-SUC was studied as a function of pH, contact time, and concentration of U(VI) in the aqueous phase. The adsorption of U(VI) increased with increase in the pH of aqueous phase, and the adsorption saturation occurred at pH = 6. The kinetic data obtained for the adsorption of U(VI) on Fe-SUC were modeled with the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order rate models. Similarly, the U(VI) adsorption isotherm was fitted with Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption isotherm models. The Langmuir adsorption capacity of U(VI) on Fe-SUC was about ∼176 mg g−1. The selectivity of the adsorbent toward U(VI) was evaluated in the presence of several possible interfering ions. The adsorbed U(VI) was recovered by 0.5 M sodium carbonate solution and the spent adsorbent was tested for its reusability.
Comparison of medical waste management methods in different countries: a systematic review
Authors: Fadaei Abdolmajid 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Medical waste status is a severe public health problem worldwide. Proper medical waste management is of paramount importance. However, there is insufficient information about medical waste management and lack of management in different countries. The aim of this research was to investigate and evaluate the present status of medical waste management in different countries. We systematically searched Embase, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, PubMed Central, Google Scholar databases, as well as medRxiv using the following keywords: medical waste, waste management, disposal, healthcare per-capita generation, gross domestic product (GDP), and hospital. A total of 38 eligible articles were identified. Correlations were calculated between the amount of medical waste generated (kg bed.day−1) vs. GDP per capita ($) and ranking of healthcare system performance. A negative correlation was found between medical waste generation rate and ranking of healthcare system performance. According to the findings of this study, the medical waste generation rate in different countries ranged from 0.14 to 6.10 kg bed.day−1. About 25% of countries segregated medical waste, and about 17% used standard storage for all medical waste. Shortcomings were also found in waste collection, storage, transportation and transfer, and disposal of medical waste management activities in different countries. Only about 25% of countries simultaneously used three techniques, such as autoclaving, incineration, and landfill for disposal and treatment of medical waste, and 91% used incineration method. This study highlights an essential need for particular medical waste management guidelines and regulations, technologies, knowledge and financing to upgrade medical waste management worldwide. This study can be considered to be a good guide for further research on medical waste management in developing and developed countries.
Çocuklarda Bruksizm: Derleme
Authors: ŞENTÜRK Özge , ULU GÜZEL Kadriye Görkem 
Published: April 2022

Bruksizm
çocukluk çağında sıklıkla görülebilen çiğneme sisteminin istemsiz yapılan
nonfonksiyonel aktivitesi olarak kabul edilir. Bruksizm; malokluzyon,
psikolojik faktörler, alerjiler ve gastrointestinal bozukluklar gibi durumları
içeren multifaktöriyel bir etiyolojiye sahiptir. Kişilerin
gerek fizyolojik gerekse sosyal yaşamlarını oldukça ciddi biçimde etkileyen
sonuçları sebebiyle diş hekimleri tarafından oldukça ilgilenilen bir konu
olmuştur. Bu derlemede çocuklarda bruksizm tanımı, etiyolojisi, prevalansı,
teşhisi ve tedavi seçeneklerinden bahsedilmektedir.Anahtar Kelimeler: çocuk,
prevalans, diş gıcırdatma
Enclavado endomedular suprarrotuliano vs. infrarrotuliano en el tratamiento de fracturas diafisarias y distales de tibia: análisis comparativo y técnica quirúrgica
Authors: Llano Lionel , Soruco María Liliana , Franco Luis De Cicco , Taype Zamboni Danilo , Sancineto Carlos F. , Carabelli Guido S. 
Published: April 2022

Introducción: Las fracturas diafisarias y distales de tibia son lesiones frecuentes en personas jóvenes que sufren un trauma de alta energía y en ancianos por un trauma de baja energía. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar el tiempo quirúrgico, el uso de radioscopia, la evaluación funcional y el dolor en el tratamiento de fracturas diafisarias y distales de tibia mediante una técnica suprarrotuliana y una infrarrotuliana.
Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo entre marzo de 2018 y octubre de 2019. La información de los pacientes se obtuvo de la historia clínica electrónica. Se incluyó a pacientes con fracturas diafisarias y distales de tibia. Se estudiaron y compararon los tiempos de radioscopia y de cirugía. El dolor posoperatorio se evaluó mediante la escala analógica visual y la función, con el puntaje de Lysholm.
Resultados: Ochenta pacientes cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. Sus datos sociodemográficos fueron pareados en dos grupos similares. Treinta y seis pacientes fueron tratados con la técnica infrarrotuliana y 44, con la técnica suprarrotuliana. Se obtuvieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el tiempo de cirugía, el tiempo de radioscopia y en el puntaje de la escala analógica visual para dolor al año.
Conclusiones: Los resultados mostraron un menor tiempo de cirugía y de radioscopia, y mejores resultados en la escala analógica visual para dolor con la técnica suprarrotuliana para el tratamiento de las fracturas mediodiafisarias y distales de tibia.
Cadera flotante: análisis comparativo de resultados y lesiones asociadas
Authors: Fuentes Enzo Emanuel , Svarzchtein Santiago , Ricciardi Guillermo , Cid Casteulani Alberto , Amadei Enghelmayer Rafael , Chiodini Mauro , Giacobbe Leonardo , Sasaki Sebastián 
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Describir los tiempos de internación, cirugía y rehabilitación de una serie de pacientes con cadera flotante. El objetivo secundario fue comparar los resultados obtenidos en función de la reinserción laboral con los de pacientes que sufrieron fracturas de pelvis o acetábulo sin fractura femoral asociada.
Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y multicéntrico de pacientes con trauma de pelvis y acetábulo de alta energía, divididos en dos grupos de estudio según la presencia de fractura de fémur asociada homolateral (cadera flotante) para su comparación, durante el período comprendido entre enero de 2014 y marzo de 2019.
Resultados: Se incluyó a 102 pacientes con trauma de pelvis o acetábulo agrupados en 2 poblaciones según la presencia de cadera flotante (cadera flotante 23; pelvis/acetábulo 79). Las medianas de días de internación [cadera flotante 15,5 (rango 4-193); pelvis/acetábulo 7 (rango 3-31); p = 0,0001] y de la cantidad de cirugías por paciente [cadera flotante 5 (rango 3-8); pelvis/acetábulo 2 (rango 1-4); p = 0,0001] fueron mayores en los pacientes con cadera flotante. Además, la incapacidad laboral temporaria fue más alta (p = 0,00012), sin diferencias significativas en la tasa de recalificación laboral (p = 0,11).
Conclusión: La asociación de la lesión cadera flotante aumentó significativamente el tiempo de internación, los procedimientos quirúrgicos necesarios y el tiempo de recuperación según la incapacidad laboral temporaria en pacientes con trauma de pelvis o acetábulo.
Aumento con injerto estructural endomedular en la osteosíntesis de fracturas de húmero proximal
Authors: Altamirano Nicolás , Gómez Diego J. , Muratore Álvaro , Teruya Gustavo , Viollaz Gonzalo M. , Tedeschi Alejandro , Durán Rafael 
Published: April 2022

Introducción: Las fracturas de húmero proximal son frecuentes, particularmente en la población mayor. Los resultados de la fijación con placa bloqueada siguen siendo impredecibles. El soporte de la columna medial jugaría un rol significativo. Nuestro propósito fue evaluar los resultados de la osteosíntesis de húmero proximal con aloinjerto óseo estructural.
Materiales y Métodos: Se evaluaron los resultados clínico-radiológicos en 12 pacientes con fractura de húmero proximal tratados con placa bloqueada e injerto estructural endostal. Se definió como pérdida de reducción a un cambio del ángulo cervicodiafisario >5° o en la altura de la cabeza humeral >3 mm. La evaluación clínica incluyó rango de movilidad, puntaje de Constant-Murley, valor subjetivo del hombro,escala analógica visual para dolor y retorno a la actividad habitual.
Resultados: Doce pacientes completaron el seguimiento (edad promedio 62.8 años). Diez mantuvieron la reducción. El puntaje promedio de Constant-Murley fue de 82,1; el del valor subjetivo del hombro, del 80%, y el de la escala analógica visual, de 1,9. La elevación anterior fue de 138,3°; la rotación externa, de 49,5°, y la rotación interna a nivel de la vértebra de L3. La diferencia de la altura de la cabeza humeral y el ángulo cervicodiafisario fue de 2,3 mm y 4,92°. No hubo complicaciones.
Conclusiones: La osteosíntesis con placa bloqueada y aumento con injerto estructural endomedular es una técnica fiable para tratar fracturas de cuello quirúrgico del húmero. Proporciona soporte al cuello humeral y mantiene la reducción en la fractura de húmero proximal con rotura de la bisagra medial.
Improving Efficiency on a Pediatric Hospital Medicine Service With Schedule-Based Family-Centered Rounds
Authors: Wang Marie E. , Hutauruk R. Marissa , Perales Shanna , Chang Jenina , Kim Joseph , Singh Amit T. 
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Inconsistencies in the timing and process of family-centered rounds can contribute to inefficiencies in patient care, inconsistent nursing participation, and variable end times. Through the implementation of schedule-based rounds, our aims were to (1) start 90% of rounds encounters within 30 minutes of the scheduled time, (2) increase nursing presence from 79% to &gt;90%, and (3) increase the percentage of rounds completed by 11:20 am from 0% to 80% within 1 year.

METHODS
We used quality improvement methods to implement and evaluate a scheduled rounds process on a pediatric hospital medicine service at a university-affiliated children’s hospital. Interventions included customization of an electronic health record-linked scheduling tool, daily schedule management by the senior resident, real-time rounds notification to nurses, improved education on rounding expectations, streamlined rounding workflow, and family notification of rounding time. Data were collected daily and run charts were used to track metrics.

RESULTS
One year after implementation, a median of 96% of rounds encounters occurred within 30 minutes of scheduled rounding time, nursing presence increased from a median of 79% to 94%, and the percentage of rounds completed by 11:20 am increased from a median of 0% to 86%. Rounds end times were later with a higher patient census.

CONCLUSIONS
We improved the efficiency of our rounding workflow and bedside nursing presence through a scheduled rounds process facilitated by an electronic health record-linked scheduling tool.