bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of Posttraumatic Enophthalmos Including Complex Secondary Deficits
Authors: Gengler Isabelle , Hsieh Tsung-yen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPosttraumatic enophthalmos (PE) arises when the ocular globe is displaced posteriorly and inferiorly in the orbital cavity due to a mismatch in orbital volume and orbital content. This most commonly happens after orbital fractures. The resulting disruptions to aesthetic form and ocular functions often necessitate surgical correction for reconstruction and restoration. The purpose of surgical management of PE is to reconstruct orbital shape and volume as well as to restore any herniated orbital content. This can be particularly challenging in cases involving large defects that require complex orbital reconstruction. Recent advancements in computer-aided surgery have introduced innovative and important tools to assist surgeons with these difficult cases. The ability to create customized, patient-specific implants can facilitate reconstruction involving complicated anatomy. Additionally, intraoperative imaging and intraoperative navigation can serve as useful guides for surgeons to more accurately place implants, especially in cases with limited visualization, in order to achieve optimal outcomes.
Efficacy of a computer-aided detection system in a fecal immunochemical test-based organized colorectal cancer screening program: a randomized controlled trial (AIFIT study)
Authors: Rondonotti Emanuele , Di Paolo Dhanai , Rizzotto Erik Rosa , Alvisi Costanza , Buscarini Elisabetta , Spadaccini Marco , Tamanini Giacomo , Paggi Silvia , Amato Arnaldo , Scardino Giulia , Romeo Samanta , Alicante Saverio , Ancona Fabio , Guido Ennio , Marzo Vincenza , Chicco Fabio , Agazzi Simona , Rosa Cesare , Correale Loredana , Repici Alessandro , Hassan Cesare , Radaelli Franco ,   on behalf of the AIFIT Study Group
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background Computer-aided detection (CADe) increases adenoma detection in primary screening colonoscopy. The potential benefit of CADe in a fecal immunochemical test (FIT)-based colorectal cancer (CRC) screening program is unknown. This study assessed whether use of CADe increases the adenoma detection rate (ADR) in a FIT-based CRC screening program.
Methods In a multicenter, randomized trial, FIT-positive individuals aged 50–74 years undergoing colonoscopy, were randomized (1:1) to receive high definition white-light (HDWL) colonoscopy, with or without a real-time deep-learning CADe by endoscopists with baseline ADR > 25 %. The primary outcome was ADR. Secondary outcomes were mean number of adenomas per colonoscopy (APC) and advanced adenoma detection rate (advanced-ADR). Subgroup analysis according to baseline endoscopists’ ADR (≤ 40 %, 41 %–45 %, ≥ 46 %) was also performed.
Results 800 individuals (median age 61.0 years [interquartile range 55–67]; 409 men) were included: 405 underwent CADe-assisted colonoscopy and 395 underwent HDWL colonoscopy alone. ADR and APC were significantly higher in the CADe group than in the HDWL arm: ADR 53.6 % (95 %CI 48.6 %–58.5 %) vs. 45.3 % (95 %CI 40.3 %–50.45 %; RR 1.18; 95 %CI 1.03–1.36); APC 1.13 (SD 1.54) vs. 0.90 (SD 1.32; P  = 0.03). No significant difference in advanced-ADR was found (18.5 % [95 %CI 14.8 %–22.6 %] vs. 15.9 % [95 %CI 12.5 %–19.9 %], respectively). An increase in ADR was observed in all endoscopist groups regardless of baseline ADR.
Conclusions Incorporating CADe significantly increased ADR and APC in the framework of a FIT-based CRC screening program. The impact of CADe appeared to be consistent regardless of endoscopist baseline ADR.
25 × 5 Symposium to Reduce Documentation Burden: Report-out and Call for Action
Authors: Hobensack Mollie , Levy Deborah R. , Cato Kenrick , Detmer Don E. , Johnson Kevin B. , Williamson Jeffrey , Murphy Judy , Moy Amanda , Withall Jennifer , Lee Rachel , Rossetti Sarah Collins , Rosenbloom Samuel Trent 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background The widespread adoption of electronic health records and a simultaneous increase in regulatory demands have led to an acceleration of documentation requirements among clinicians. The corresponding burden from documentation requirements is a central contributor to clinician burnout and can lead to an increased risk of suboptimal patient care.
Objective To address the problem of documentation burden, the 25 by 5: Symposium to Reduce Documentation Burden on United States Clinicians by 75% by 2025 (Symposium) was organized to provide a forum for experts to discuss the current state of documentation burden and to identify specific actions aimed at dramatically reducing documentation burden for clinicians.
Methods The Symposium consisted of six weekly sessions with 33 presentations. The first four sessions included panel presentations discussing the challenges related to documentation burden. The final two sessions consisted of breakout groups aimed at engaging attendees in establishing interventions for reducing clinical documentation burden. Steering Committee members analyzed notes from each breakout group to develop a list of action items.
Results The Steering Committee synthesized and prioritized 82 action items into Calls to Action among three stakeholder groups: Providers and Health Systems, Vendors, and Policy and Advocacy Groups. Action items were then categorized into as short-, medium-, or long-term goals. Themes that emerged from the breakout groups' notes include the following: accountability, evidence is critical, education and training, innovation of technology, and other miscellaneous goals (e.g., vendors will improve shared knowledge databases).
Conclusion The Symposium successfully generated a list of interventions for short-, medium-, and long-term timeframes as a launching point to address documentation burden in explicit action-oriented ways. Addressing interventions to reduce undue documentation burden placed on clinicians will necessitate collaboration among all stakeholders.
Measurements of Interleukin-8 and Matrix Metalloproteinases-9 in Cervicovaginal Fluid in Women with Preterm Labor: A Direct Comparison with Amniotic Fluid
Authors: Hong Subeen , Park Kyo Hoon , Kim Yu Mi , Joo Eunwook , Kim Hyeon Ji , Ahn Kwanghee 
Published: May 2022

Objective  We aimed to evaluate the correlation and agreement of interleukin (IL)-8 and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-9) levels between cervicovaginal (CVF) and amniotic fluids (AF) in women with preterm labor (PTL) and to determine the clinical values of these proteins in CVF compared with those in AF.
Study Design We designed a retrospective cohort study of 85 singleton pregnant women with PTL at 23 to 34 weeks, who underwent amniocentesis. The AF was cultured, and CVF samples were collected at the time of amniocentesis. Paired AF and CVF samples were assayed for IL-8 and MMP-9 by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) in duplicate on a single plate, using similar dilution ratios.
Results A significant but weak correlation was found for IL-8 levels between AF and CVF (r = 0.333), while no correlation was found for MMP-9 levels between AF and CVF (r = −0.039). Intra-class correlation coefficient for the agreement of IL-8 levels between CVF and AF was 0.4335 and −0.279 for MMP-9, indicating a poor-to-fair level of agreement between the two measured values, respectively. IL-8 and MMP-9 levels in CVF were not associated with the risk of either microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) or spontaneous preterm delivery (SPTD) within 7 days, whereas those in AF provided good-to-excellent predictive values for these two outcomes (area under the curve [AUCs]: 0.82–0.95). AUCs for IL-8 and MMP-9 were significantly larger using AF rather than using CVF for the prediction of MIAC and SPTD.
Conclusion In women with PTL, IL-8 and MMP-9 levels in CVF do not precisely reflect the levels of the corresponding proteins in AF. IL-8 and MMP-9 levels in CVF had poor predictive values for the risk of MIAC and SPTD and were significantly inferior to those in AF.
Key Points
Frequency splitting suppression in wireless power transfer using hemispherical spiral coils
Authors: Niu Wangqiang , Jiang Jiateng , Ye Chen , Gu Wei 
Published: May 2022

In wireless power transfer (WPT) systems, frequency splitting phenomena always occur when the transfer distance is too small to obtain the maximum output efficiency in the working frequency. In this paper, a hemispherical spiral coil structure is proposed to suppress frequency splitting phenomena by containing the coupling the system without changing the original system size and transfer distance. Meanwhile, compared with the planar system, the hemispherical system can maintain high power and transfer efficiency and has better angular misalignment tolerance. A WPT system consisting of a hemispherical spiral coil and a planar spiral coil resonating at 110 kHz called the single hemispherical spiral coil WPT (SHWPT) system and another with two hemispherical spiral coils called the double hemispheric spiral coils WPT (DHWPT) system are suggested. Analytic models of these two structures are established to analyze the influence of the coil height on the frequency splitting. The critical coil height is closely related to the critical coupling that provides a reference for the design of the coil. Finally, the experimental results show that the hemispherical coil structure can suppress the frequency splitting to ensure the transmission stability of the WPT system. In the SHWPT system with a 1 cm inner diameter and a 13 cm outer diameter, the critical height of the coil is 5.2 cm, which can suppress frequency splitting when the transmission distance is 0 cm. In the DHWPT system, the critical height of the coil is 4.3 cm.
Cellular perception of growth rate and the mechanistic origin of bacterial growth law
Authors: Wu Chenhao , Balakrishnan Rohan , Braniff Nathan , Mori Matteo , Manzanarez Gabriel , Zhang Zhongge , Hwa Terence 
Published: May 2022

Significance
Cell signaling involves interpreting information from the environment and implementing the appropriate regulatory control. The ppGpp signaling system is known to exert a fundamental control in bacteria, coordinating ribosome synthesis with the rate of cellular growth, but how this system can sense the cellular growth rate in different environments is unclear. Here we establish a striking linear relation between ppGpp level and the reciprocal of the translation elongation rate (ER) and show how bacteria can process complex nutritional information by monitoring this rate and using it to control ribosome synthesis. Importantly, the sensing of ER through ppGpp quantitatively and mechanistically explains bacterial growth laws which robustly relate the ribosome content and translation ERs to the growth rate.
Digital rheometer twins: Learning the hidden rheology of complex fluids through rheology-informed graph neural networks
Authors: Mahmoudabadbozchelou Mohammadamin , Kamani Krutarth M. , Rogers Simon A. , Jamali Safa 
Published: May 2022

Significance
Science-based data-driven methods that can describe the rheological behavior of complex fluids can be transformative across many disciplines. Digital rheometer twins, which are developed here, can significantly reduce the cost, time, and energy required to characterize complex fluids and predict their future behavior. This is made possible by combining two different methods of informing neural networks with the rheological underpinnings of a system, resulting in quantitative recovery of a gel’s response to different flow protocols. The platform developed here is general enough that it can be extended to areas well beyond complex fluids modeling.
Beyond monolithic English
Authors: Bagni Marco , Sumra Zeenat 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The Global Englishes Language Teaching (GELT) paradigm has recently emerged as a comprehensive approach that aims
to bring together innovative pedagogical proposals. This paper argues that pop culture materials such as telecinematic
representations can purposefully be integrated into innovative GELT-oriented classroom practices. The use of this material can
assist teachers in the double task of (i) raising the learners’ critical awareness of sociolinguistic variation and problematizing
the stereotypical image of monolithic English; (ii) shifting the focus of the ELT classroom from prescriptive grammar and standard
English towards fostering the learners’ receptive and communicative skills. This is a conceptual paper that gives several broad
suggestions as to how to adopt pop culture materials into innovative GELT-oriented classroom practice and mentions a select few
examples of said telecinematic representations.
Bloch oscillations in supersolids
Authors: Hasan Muhammad S , Polo J , Pelayo J C , Busch Th 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We show that the motion of an accelerated atomic impurity immersed in a spin–orbit coupled Bose–Einstein condensate in the supersolid stripe phase undergoes oscillations, similar to the well-known phenomenon of Bloch oscillations in solids. While the back-action of the oscillatory movement onto the condensate excites phonon modes inside the supersolid, it does not affect the position of the roton minimum and therefore not the periodicity of the matter wave lattice. The ultimate decay of the oscillations is mostly due to the dispersion of the wavepacket and we show that this can be counteracted to a large extent by assuming that the impurity is a bright soliton.
Research on remaining useful life of rolling bearings using EWT-DI-ALSTM
Authors: Guo Runxia , Gong Bo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The bearing is one of the most essential parts of rotating machinery and equipment, and the accurate prediction of the remaining useful life (RUL) of the bearing is of great engineering significance. This paper proposes a novel hybrid prediction architecture called the long short-term memory (LSTM) based on an attention mechanism combined with empirical wavelet transform (EWT) to improve the prediction accuracy of the RUL of bearings. The prediction architecture consists of three parts: firstly, the vibration signal of the bearing is stationarily processed into several intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) by EWT decomposition. Then, a novel IMF degradation index based on weighted energy entropy and the variance contribution rate is proposed to select the representative IMFs with more degradation characteristics of the bearing. Finally, the selected IMFs are regarded as inputs for the network model, and the LSTM network model based on the attention mechanism is used to track the degradation state of the bearing and accurately used to predict its remaining life. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by the experimental data.
Preparation and characterization of non-aromatic ether self-assemblies on a HOPG surface
Authors: Alić Jasna , Biljan Ivana , Štefanić Zoran , Šekutor Marina 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
On-surface self-assemblies of aromatic organic molecules have been widely investigated, but the characterization of analogous self-assemblies consisting of fully sp3-hybridized molecules remains challenging. The possible on-surface orientations of alkyl molecules not exclusively comprised of long alkyl chains are difficult to distinguish because of their inherently low symmetry and non-planar nature. Here, we present a detailed study of diamondoid ethers, structurally rigid and fully saturated molecules, which form uniform 2D monolayers on a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surface. Using scanning tunneling microscopy, various computational tools, and x-ray structural analysis, we identified the most favorable on-surface orientations of these rigid ethers and accounted for the forces driving the self-organization process. The influence of the oxygen atom and London dispersion interactions were found to be responsible for the formation of the observed highly ordered 2D ether assemblies. Our findings provide insight into the on-surface properties and behavior of non-aromatic organic compounds and broaden our understanding of the phenomena characteristic of monolayers consisting of non-planar molecules.
Development of counterintuitive basic electric DC circuits test
Authors: Balta Nuri , Logman Paul S W M 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to develop a test to assess students’ level of counterintuitiveness in basic electric circuits. Data from four samples were gathered and used to develop and validate the counterintuitive basic electric circuit test (CBECT). The initial version of the CBECT was administered to the first sample and data collected from this sample were used for the pilot study. The aim of the data collected from the second sample was to comb out the items that were not counterintuitive. The data collected from the third sample were used for concurrent validity issues while data from the fourth sample was used for the test-retest reliability analysis. Finally, 26 items that can be used to determine counterintuitive cases in basic electric circuits at the high school level were constructed.
Vibrational spectroscopy in materials
Authors: Thompson Frank 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
An absorption line at 900 nm has been observed in Perspex. Samples of 1 and 2 cm thickness were used and the integrated absorption (line width times peak absorption) of the line was proportionate to the thickness. Facilities for lowering the sample temperature were not available and therefore both measurements were carried out at room temperature. A Red Tide spectrophotometer was used to measure this absorption. According to the Optics Group at National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, the line can be assigned to the 3rd overtone CH stretch of the methyl and methylene group. The present result was compared with historic data for boron impurities in indium phosphide to demonstrate the versatility of this form of spectroscopy
The influence of hypoxia on LET and RBE relationships with implications for ultra-high dose rates and FLASH modelling
Authors: Jones Bleddyn 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objective. To investigate relationships between linear energy transfer (LET), fluence rates, changes in radiosensitivity and the oxygen enhancement ratio (OER) in different ion beams and extend these concepts to ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) or FLASH effects. Approach. LET values providing maximum relative biological effect (RBE), designated as LETU, are found for neon, carbon and helium beams. Proton experiments show reduced RBEs with depth in scattered (divergent) beams, but not with scanned beams, suggesting that instantaneous fluence rates (related to track separation distances) can modify RBE, all other RBE-determining factors being equal. Micro-volumetric energy transfer per μm3 (mVET) is defined by LET × fluence. High fluence rates will increase mVET rates, with proportional shifts of LETU to lower values due to more rapid energy transfer. From the relationship between LETU and OER at conventional dose rates, OER reductions in UHDR/FLASH exposures can be estimated and biological effective dose analysis of experimental lung and skin reactions becomes feasible. Main results. The Furusawa et al data show that hypoxic LETU values exceed their oxic counterparts. OER reduces from around 3–1.25 at LETU, although the relative radiosensitivities of the oxic and hypoxic α parameters (the OER(α)) exceed those of the standard OER values. Increased fluence rates are predicted to reduce LETU and OER. Large FLASH single doses will minimise RBE increments due to the β parameter reducing by a factor of 0.5–0.25 consistent with oxygen depletion, causing radioresistance. Similar results will occur for photons. Tissue α/β ratios increase by around 10 in FLASH conditions, agreeing with derived ion-beam dose rate equations. Significance. Increasing dose rates enhance local energy deposition rate per unit volume, probably causing oxygen depletion and radioresistance in pre-existing hypoxic sites during UHDR/FLASH exposures. The modelled equations provide testable hypotheses for further dose rate investigations in photon, proton and ion beams.
Dual-energy CT based mass density and relative stopping power estimation for proton therapy using physics-informed deep learning
Authors: Chang Chih-Wei , Gao Yuan , Wang Tonghe , Lei Yang , Wang Qian , Pan Shaoyan , Sudhyadhom Atchar , Bradley Jeffrey D , Liu Tian , Lin Liyong , Zhou Jun , Yang Xiaofeng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Proton therapy requires accurate dose calculation for treatment planning to ensure the conformal doses are precisely delivered to the targets. The conversion of CT numbers to material properties is a significant source of uncertainty for dose calculation. The aim of this study is to develop a physics-informed deep learning (PIDL) framework to derive accurate mass density and relative stopping power maps from dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) images. The PIDL framework allows deep learning (DL) models to be trained with a physics loss function, which includes a physics model to constrain DL models. Five DL models were implemented including a fully connected neural network (FCNN), dual-FCNN (DFCNN), and three variants of residual networks (ResNet): ResNet-v1 (RN-v1), ResNet-v2 (RN-v2), and dual-ResNet-v2 (DRN-v2). An artificial neural network (ANN) and the five DL models trained with and without physics loss were explored to evaluate the PIDL framework. Two empirical DECT models were implemented to compare with the PIDL method. DL training data were from CIRS electron density phantom 062M (Computerized Imaging Reference Systems, Inc., Norfolk, VA). The performance of DL models was tested by CIRS adult male, adult female, and 5-year-old child anthropomorphic phantoms. For density map inference, the physics-informed RN-v2 was 3.3%, 2.9% and 1.9% more accurate than ANN for the adult male, adult female, and child phantoms. The physics-informed DRN-v2 was 0.7%, 0.6%, and 0.8% more accurate than DRN-v2 without physics training for the three phantoms, respectfully. The results indicated that physics-informed training could reduce uncertainty when ANN/DL models without physics training were insufficient to capture data structures or derived significant errors. DL models could also achieve better image noise control compared to the empirical DECT parametric mapping methods. The proposed PIDL framework can potentially improve proton range uncertainty by offering accurate material properties conversion from DECT.
Electric field determination in transient plasmas: in situ & non-invasive methods
Authors: Goldberg Benjamin M , Hoder Tomáš , Brandenburg Ronny 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
One of the primary basic plasma parameters within transient nonequilibrium plasmas is the reduced electric field strength, roughly understood as the ratio of the electrical energy given to the charged species between two collisions. While physical probes have historically been used for electric field measurements, recent advances in high intensity lasers and sensitive detection methods have allowed for non-invasive optical electric field determination in nearly any discharge configuration with time-resolution up to the sub-nanosecond range and sub-millimeter spatial resolution. This topical review serves to highlight several non-invasive methods for in situ electric field strength determination in transient plasmas ranging from high vacuum environments to atmospheric pressure and above. We will discuss the advantages and proper implementation of (i) laser induced fluorescence dip spectroscopy for measurements in low pressure RF discharges, (ii) optical emission spectroscopy based methods for nitrogen, helium or hydrogen containing discharges, (iii) electric field induced coherent Raman scattering, and (iv) electric field induced second harmonic generation. The physical mechanism for each method will be described as well as basic implementation and highlighting recent results.