bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“If there is a tension about something, I can solve it”: A qualitative investigation of change processes in a trial of brief problem‐solving interventions for common adolescent mental health problems in India
Authors: Malik Kanika , Parikh Rachana , Sahu Rooplata , Sudhir Paulomi , Fairburn Christopher G. , Patel Vikram , Michelson Daniel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesThere is limited understanding of change processes and long‐term effects of low‐intensity psychosocial interventions. We investigated these aspects in two brief problem‐solving intervention formats for adolescents with elevated mental health symptoms and associated distress/impairment.MethodsThis qualitative study was nested within a school‐based randomized controlled trial in New Delhi, India, which compared two problem‐solving intervention formats: a lay counsellor‐led format supported by printed materials (intervention arm) and printed problem‐solving materials alone (“bibliotherapy” control arm). A total of 32 participants, ranging in age from 14 to 20 years (mean = 16.4 years, SD = 1.9) and comprising 21 males and 11 females, were interviewed across both trial arms at 12‐month follow‐up.ResultsFive themes were derived using thematic framework analysis. The “impacts on symptoms and functioning” theme described symptomatic improvements and functional gains. “Processes underlying problem solving” reflected changes in positive beliefs, attitudes and emotions when confronted with problems, and the use of a more effective problem‐solving coping style. “Experiences of problem‐solving materials” covered benefits (e.g. access to relatable stories and readymade solutions) and limitations (e.g. diminishing use over time) of printed problem‐solving handouts. “Role of supporting figures” accounted for the facilitating roles played by counsellors and trusted others. There were also accounts of researchers functioning as de facto counsellors in the bibliotherapy arm. “Recommended modifications for intervention delivery” included more flexible and private ways to access the interventions, greater personalization of the counselling process, more engaging and relevant supporting materials, and suggestions for widening access to the interventions in schools and community settings.ConclusionsWe infer from our qualitative analysis that changes in problem‐solving style and problem orientation underpinned long‐term symptomatic and functional improvements. Participants in the counsellor‐led intervention appeared better able to sustain the use of problem‐solving skills and generalize this approach beyond the original presenting problems. We attribute the differences between arms to the influence of direct advice and supportive interactions with counsellors. Practice implications are discussed.
Biological Impact of Shorter Wavelength Ultraviolet Radiation‐C†
Authors: Nishigori Chikako , Yamano Nozomi , Kunisada Makoto , Nishiaki‐Sawada Aiko , Ohashi Hiroyuki , Igarashi Tatsushi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLife on earth has constantly coped with the impact of solar radiation, especially solar ultraviolet radiation (solar UV). Various biological mechanisms protect us from solar UV. New devices emitting shorter wavelengths UV‐C, i.e. <254 nm emitted by conventional UV germicidal lamps, have emerged. These shorter wavelength UV‐C emitting devices are useful for various purposes, including microorganism inactivation. However, as solar UV‐C does not reach the earth surface, biological impacts of UV‐C has been studied using 254 nm germicidal lamps, and those using shorter wavelength UV‐C is rarely known. To balance the utility and risk of UV‐C, the biological effect of these new UV‐C emitting devices must be investigated. In addition, our knowledge of biological impacts of the wavelength‐dependent entire UV (100–400 nm) must be enhanced. In this review, we briefly summarize the biological impacts of shorter wavelength UV‐C. Mechanisms of UV‐C‐induced cellular damage and factors affecting the microorganism inactivation efficiency of UV‐C have been discussed. In addition, we theoretically estimate the probable photocarcinogenic action spectrum of shorter wavelength UV‐C. We propose that increasing the knowledge on UV‐C will facilitate the adoption of shorter wavelength UV‐C emitting new devices in an optimal and appropriate manner.
Prevalence and risk factors of dementia in elder adults in Xiamen, China: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Song Yehua , Niu Jianping , Ji Yong , Zhang Yiwen , Peng Ruiqiang , Li Miaoduan , Wang Zetuo , Tang Ting , Yu Zhenzhen , Huang Yanyan 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThe prevalence of dementia can vary by region and there is a cluster of more than 10 modifiable risk factors for dementia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of dementia in Xiamen, China, and identify independent risk factors associated with dementia.MethodsThis cluster sampling‐based cross‐sectional study enrolled elder adults from Xiamen City and conducted face‐to‐face interviews between April and August 2019. Data on the demographic characteristics and prevalence of dementia were collected. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyse the factors associated with dementia.ResultsA total of 6430 subjects were enrolled. The prevalence of dementia was 7.62% (490/6430). A total of 490 patients were in the dementia group and 196 healthy matched subjects were selected for the control group with similar profiles for age, gender, and occupation as the dementia patients. Dementia patients were at increased risk for cerebrovascular disease, traumatic brain injury, and hypertension (all P < 0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed hypertension (odds ratio (OR) = 2.4, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.62–3.63, P < 0.001) and traumatic brain injury (OR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.16–4.53, P = 0.023) were independent risk factors for dementia.ConclusionsThe prevalence of dementia was high among elder adults residing in Xiamen, China. Dementia patients were more likely to have hypertension and traumatic brain injury than the matched control group.
Structural changes and economic landscape of the Indian economy: 2000‐2019
Authors: Huang Yongming , Haseeb Mohammad , Khan Jamal , Hossain Md. Emran 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study employs input‐output analysis to determine the extent of structural changes in the Indian economy, as well as how economic sector linkages changed between 2000 and 2019, and identifies the sectors with profound linkages with other sectors. Furthermore, we use the causative matrix to examine the temporal changes in intersectoral interactions. The analysis shows that manufacturing sectors have stronger intersectoral linkages than sevice sectors, with resource‐intensive and scale‐intensive manufacturing sectors having the most profound linkages. Furthermore, the causative matrix analysis reveals that Indian sectors became more externalized following the global financial crises, while receiving less feedback from other sectors. The results suggest that intersectoral linkages should be taken into account when designing industrial policies, and that investment should be encouraged in India's key economic sectors.
Developmental program‐independent secretory granule degradation in larval salivary gland cells of Drosophila
Authors: Csizmadia Tamás , Dósa Anna , Farkas Erika , Csikos Belián Valentin , Kriska Eszter Adél , Juhász Gábor , Lőw Péter 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBoth constitutive and regulated secretion require cell organelles that are able to store and release the secretory cargo. During development, the larval salivary gland of Drosophila initially produces high amount of glue‐containing small immature secretory granules, which then fuse with each other and reach their normal 3–3.5 μm in size. Following the burst of secretion, obsolete glue granules directly fuse with late endosomes or lysosomes by a process called crinophagy, which leads to fast degradation and recycling of the secretory cargo. However, hindering of endosome‐to‐TGN retrograde transport in these cells causes abnormally small glue granules which are not able to fuse with each other. Here, we show that loss of function of the SNARE genes Syntaxin 16 (Syx16) and Synaptobrevin (Syb), the small GTPase Rab6 and the GARP tethering complex members Vps53 and Scattered (Vps54) all involved in retrograde transport cause intense early degradation of immature glue granules via crinophagy independently of the developmental program. Moreover, silencing of these genes also provokes secretory failure and accelerated crinophagy during larval development. Our results provide a better understanding of the relations among secretion, secretory granule maturation and degradation and paves the way for further investigation of these connections in other metazoans.
Posthumanism and the role of orality and literacy in language ideologies in Belize
Authors: Schneider Britta 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article discusses language ideological data from interviews and group discussions conducted in a village in Belize. Speakers here perceive English as a formal prestige language and link this to the fact that it appears in written form and tangible materiality – that is, in the form of visual symbols in text, and in objects like grammar books or dictionaries. This contrasts with discourses on Belizean Kriol, which is mostly considered a code for oral, sound‐based uses. Kriol is understood as less prone to becoming standardized and more likely subject to continuous change and creative adaption, which some interviewees consider an essential, valued characteristic of the repertoire. This shows that repertoire uses as well as ideologies of stability and ‘purity’ are entangled with media technologies, which have an impact on processes of norm development. The posthumanist hypothesis that non‐human elements and technologies may be vital in human concepts is thus confirmed.
Lifting and restricting t‐structures
Authors: Marks Frederik , Zvonareva Alexandra 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe explore the interplay between t‐structures in the bounded derived category of finitely presented modules and the unbounded derived category of all modules over a coherent ring using homotopy colimits. More precisely, we show that every intermediate t‐structure in can be lifted to a compactly generated t‐structure in , by closing the aisle and the coaisle of the t‐structure under directed homotopy colimits. Conversely, we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for a compactly generated t‐structure in to restrict to an intermediate t‐structure in , thus describing which t‐structures can be obtained via lifting. We apply our results to the special case of HRS‐t‐structures. Finally, we discuss various applications to silting theory in the context of finite dimensional algebras.
A Digital Hydraulic Load-Sensing System Based on Hydraulic Free Piston Engine
Authors: Wang Feng , Wu Jiaming , Xu Bing , Sun Zongxuan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The hydraulic load-sensing system is a more efficient system solution than constant pressure system in mobile machine. However, the overall system efficiency for multiple actuators is still low since this centralized hydraulic control system only adapts to the highest load pressure. Therefore in this paper, a distributed hydraulic control system where each function is powered by a hydraulic free piston engine is proposed. Compared with centralized solution, it is more efficient since the power of hydraulic free piston engine is tailored to each function. By integrating small inertia linear engine and pump piston in one unit, the hydraulic free piston engine is an efficient and fast response hydraulic power source. Since the hydraulic free piston engine is essentially a digital hydraulic power source, a digital load-sensing control is proposed in this study. The system architecture, modeling, controller design and performance of the digital hydraulic load-sensing control system are presented. A test bench is developed to verify the system feasibility and performance.
A Deep Koopman-Based Model Predictive Control Method for Valve-Controlled Hydraulic Cylinder Systems
Authors: Liu Heng , Sun Wei , Sun Hao , Tao Jianfeng , Liu Chengliang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Hydraulic servo systems are widely applied in construction machinery due to their simple structure and strong bearing capacity. However, considering the nonlinearity and asymmetry in such systems, it is not easy to establish a precise discrete prediction model for the design of the MPC controller, which is a key factor affecting the precision of motion control. To address this issue, this paper proposes a deep Koopman-based model predictive control (MPC) method for valve-controlled asymmetric hydraulic cylinder (VCHC) systems. Significantly, a linear predictor is developed based on the ability of the Koopman operator to lift a nonlinear space to a linear space globally. The simulation results show that the MPC algorithm combined with the Deep Koopman operator has excellent control performance.
Control of Multi-Pressure Hydraulic Supply Line Using Digital Hydraulic Power Management System
Authors: Huova Mikko , Linjama Matti 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Multi-pressure hydraulic supply line, i.e., hydraulic bus enables efficient use of energy in multi-actuator systems of off-road machinery. Number of constant pressure supply lines, each providing unique pressure level, are routed to every actuator in the machine. Significant amount of the power losses related to conventional load sensing systems are avoided by enabling energy recuperation and reduction of total throttling loss. Pressure control of such multi-pressure hydraulic supply line can be realized using hydraulic accumulators, which are charged using conventional pump and logic valves. However, more advanced features are available if Digital Hydraulic Power Management System DHPMS is utilized. The DHPMS is in essence, a digital pump/motor/transformer with multiple outlets. Controller design of DHPMS in hydraulic bus application is described in the paper and simulation results show the system’s ability to simultaneously control the supply line pressures and input power of the DHPMS. By controlling the input power, the prime mover such as Diesel engine can be driven in optimal operation point or it can be even downsized. If electric motor is used as prime mover, smaller and therefore less expensive motor can be used.
State Decoupling & Stability Considerations in Electro-Hydraulic Variable-Speed Drive Networks
Authors: Schmidt Lasse , Ketelsen Søren , Hansen Kenneth Vorbøl 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The recent introduction of so-called electro-hydraulic variable-speed drive networks offers actuation of multi-cylinder systems by few component types, no throttle losses, small reservoir volume and provide for significantly improved efficiencies compared to valve controlled systems. Furthermore, such drive networks provide a more flexible hydraulic power distribution and potentially fewer components and lower installed power as compared to standalone electro-hydraulic variable-speed drives. These features are realized by interconnecting cylinder chambers by electro-hydraulic variable-speed drives at a system level, or even by short-circuiting cylinder chambers where the load permits this, while also sharing the electric supply. Hence, such drive networks are interconnected both electrically and hydraulically. Especially the latter feature renders electro-hydraulic variable-speed drive networks highly coupled systems, and individual control of piston motion or force can generally not be realized by the individual electro-hydraulic variable-speed drives in such systems. Hence, conventional control methodologies cannot be directly applied in such systems. The presented study considers decoupling of the cylinder motion/forces and the system pressure level by analytical methods, and a case study suggests effective decoupling by means of pressure and position measurements, cylinder and pipe/hose dimensions as well as control parameters. The stability boundaries related to the control parameters are assessed and it is shown that conventional controls combined with the proposed decoupling method provide for individual control of system pressure level and piston motions.
Improving routine childhood immunisation outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries: an evidence gap map
Authors: Engelbert Mark , Jain Monica , Bagai Avantika , Parsekar Shradha S 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveTo support evidence-informed decision-making, we created an evidence gap map to characterise the evidence base on the effectiveness of interventions in improving routine childhood immunisation outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).MethodsWe developed an intervention–outcome matrix with 38 interventions and 43 outcomes. We searched academic databases and grey literature sources for relevant impact evaluations (IEs) and systematic reviews (SRs). Search results were screened on title/abstract. Those included on title/abstract were retrieved for full review. Studies meeting the eligibility criteria were included and data were extracted for each included study. All screening and data extraction was done by two independent reviewers. We analysed these data to identify trends in the geographic distribution of evidence, the concentration of evidence across intervention and outcome categories, and attention to vulnerable populations in the literature.ResultsWe identified 309 studies, comprising 226 completed IEs, 58 completed SRs, 24 ongoing IEs and 1 ongoing SR. Evidence from IEs is heavily concentrated in a handful of countries in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Among interventions, the most frequently evaluated are those related to education and material incentives for caregivers or health workers. There are gaps in the study of non-material incentives and outreach to vulnerable populations. Among outcomes, those related to vaccine coverage and health are well covered. However, evidence on intermediate outcomes related to health system capacity or barriers faced by caregivers is much more limited.ConclusionsThere is valuable evidence available to decision-makers for use in identifying and deploying effective strategies to increase routine immunisation in LMICs. However, additional research is needed to address gaps in the evidence base.
Knowledge, attitude and perception among medical students and healthcare professionals regarding male infertility: a cross-sectional survey from Bangladesh
Authors: Iktidar Mohammad Azmain , Chowdhury Sreshtha , Roy Simanta , Islam A M Khairul , Islam Mahzabeen , Chowdhury Tonmoy , Tabassum Mustari Nailah , Ali Tahsin Sumat , Akash Atandra , Ahmed Mashrur , Zafar Faraz Al , Hawlader Mohammad Delwer Hossain 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitude and behaviour regarding male infertility among medical students and healthcare workers in Bangladesh.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study.SettingThis study covered eight divisions of Bangladesh.ParticipantsThe participants were medical students or healthcare professionals of Bangladesh who were surveyed anonymously on their knowledge, attitude and perception regarding male infertility.Primary outcome measuresThe level of knowledge, attitude and perception regarding male infertility.AnalysisThe mean knowledge and attitude scores were then correlated with sociodemographic factors using χ2and two-independent sample t-tests. Finally, we performed binary logistic regression to explore predictors of good knowledge and positive attitude.ResultAmong 556 participants, 49.82% did not have good male infertility knowledge, and nearly 60.79% had negative attitudes regarding male infertility. Young (23–26 years) healthcare professionals and medical students were more likely to have good knowledge than others (OR: 1.81; 95% CI 1.099 to 2.988). Surprisingly, women were more likely to have a positive attitude (OR=1.48; 95% CI 1.002 to 2.19, p=0.049) than men. Among all the professions, Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery doctors were most likely to have good knowledge and a positive attitude regarding male infertility. Good knowledge of male infertility predicted a positive attitude (OR=1.61; 95% CI 1.105 to 2.346, p=0.013) and vice versa.ConclusionOur research found that healthcare professionals and medical students in Bangladesh had inadequate knowledge and negative attitudes regarding male infertility despite favourable opinions. This emphasises the need for interdisciplinary training programmes, standardisation of healthcare worker guidelines and curricular adjustments for medical students.
Study protocol of the BASINEL Study: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial investigating treatment versus no treatment of low-risk basal cell carcinomas in older persons
Authors: Van Coile Laura , Verhaeghe Evelien , Ongenae Katia , Brochez Lieve , Hoorens Isabelle 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionBasal cell carcinomas (BCCs) represent 70% of all skin cancers. These tumours do not metastasise but are locally invasive if left untreated. There is a high incidence of BCC in the elderly, and clinicians frequently face important treatment dilemmas. The approach to BCC in the elderly should be investigated thoroughly.Methods and analysisData on health-related quality of life (HrQoL), survival and complication rate will be examined in a treatment and a non-treatment arm (1:1 allocation). In the non-treatment arm, in vivo biological behaviour of low-risk BCCs in elderly patients will be examined. The main objective is to combine tumour characteristics with demographic data, in order to determine whether treatment will positively affect the patients’ HrQoL within a predetermined time frame. A monocentric randomised controlled trial (RCT) was designed at the Ghent University Hospital. The study population consists of patients with the minimum age of 75 years and a new diagnosis of (a) low-risk BCC(s). Patients in the treatment arm will receive standard care. Patients in the non-treatment arm will be closely monitored: the tumour will be intensively evaluated using multispectral dermoscopy, reflectance confocal microscopy and high-definition optical coherence tomography. All patients will be asked to fill in a questionnaire concerning their HrQoL at consecutive time points. Patient-reported side effects will be evaluated via an additional questionnaire.Primary outcomes will include the difference in HrQoL and the difference in complication risks (treatment vs non-treatment) at different time points of the study. Secondary endpoints are the evolution of the BCCs in the non-treatment arm and the long-term survival in both study arms. Tertiary endpoint is the treatment effectiveness in the treatment arm. The sample size calculation was performed and resulted in a target sample size of 272 patients in this study with a 1:1 allocation.Ethics and disseminationSubjects can withdraw from participating in this study at any time for any reason without any consequences. Approval for this study was received from the Ethics Committee of the Ghent University Hospital on 26 August 2021.The results of this RCT will be submitted for publication in one or more international, peer-reviewed medical journals, regardless of the nature of the study results.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05110924).