bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Status of Vitamin D among Patients Visiting a Tertiary Care Centre in Rupandehi, Nepal
Authors: Shah Tirtha Narayan , Sinha Amar Kumar , Jha Krishna Kumar , Prasad Ram Jiban 
Published: December 2021

Serum vitamin D is one of the fat-soluble vitamin which has the role in maintenance of calcium and phosphorus levels and ultimately proper bone health and various physiological processes. Although many studies prevail hypovitaminosis D, we focused to find out the pattern of elevated or decreased serum vitamin D level as its deficiency and surplus have adverse effects to our health.. For this, a retrospective study was done from the records present in a hospital laboratory of Devdaha Medical College and Research Institute (DMCRI), Rupandehi, Nepal from January 2018 to December 2020 where 201 participants with 70.1% male and 29.9% female with different age groups were present. From total participants, 14.9% had deficient, 42.8% had insufficient, 35.3% had sufficient and 7% had high level of serum vitamin D. Male had 2.9% deficient and 14,9% insufficient vitamin D whereas female had 11.9% deficient, 27.8% insufficient and 7.0% surplus vitamin D. The greater prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in the females than the males could be overcome by the necessary strategies in the form of further studies and judicious supplementation vitamin D in the target population by monitoring the level of serum vitamin D.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 9(4): 256-260.
Come si esprimono le emozioni durante il cambio di codice dall’italiano al dialetto nella comunità talamonese
Authors: Dykta Dominika 
Published: December 2021

The aim of the article is to show how Italians express their emotions when changing the code from Italian to dialect on the example of the Talamona’s dialect. At the beginning, it was presented what emotions are and in which categories they should be considered, the specificity of the Talamona’s dialect and what the change of code is. The theory is supported by examples of change of code from Italian to dialect. The result of the work is to show that the respondents from Talamona very often change the code from Italian to dialect due to their emotionality. The article introduces the concept of change of code and shows how emotionality affects it.
Les mots et les savoirs : complexité
Authors: Blumenthal Peter 
Published: December 2021

The contribution addresses a topic discussed since the 17th century by philosophers, logicians and lexicographers: to what extent does the semantic complexity of certain words convey knowledge of the extralinguistic world? What influence does this knowledge have on the coherence of a text? Conversely, another type of complexity must be taken into account as well, the one starting from things: what linguistic devices are adopted to express this complexity in an efficient way? The relationship between the complexity types and knowledge has been investigated by different strands of research in the humanities and is becoming a focus of multidisciplinary research.
Linguistique informatique et linguistique diachronique : une alliance nécessaire
Authors: Blanco Xavier 
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we will try to show how formal linguistics applied to the study of diachrony can be a fundamental asset for research (and consequently also for teaching at a university level) in the field of French language and literature. We will treat successively the analysis of the support verbs (§2), the realization verbs (§3), the intensity collocations (§4) and the pragmatically restricted clichés (§5). In each section, we will present and discuss numerous examples in medieval French accompanied by their published translations into contemporary French.
Morphographies en français contemporain. Place du duel en langue écrite dans Le nombre en français de Jean Dubois et Françoise Dubois-Charlier
Authors: Balibar-Mrabti Antoinette 
Published: December 2021

With the analysis of a textbook case, the inflectional category of dual in contemporary French, this article presents the hypothesis of a rise in morphology among the founding disciplines of grammar in written languages. Through a study of morphographies, this trend is considered here as a result of the emergence and development of so-called electronic dictionaries, with their lexicographical words as entries to access form / meaning associations. We know that these dictionaries, piloted by mixed teams of computer scientists and linguists, impose themselves step by step as major classificatory tools for the most general treatments, in theoretical and applied linguistics, now related in our modernity to the exploitation of large corpora that have become digitised.
La linguistique peut-elle sortir de son état pré-galiléen ?
Authors: Desclés Jean-Pierre 
Published: December 2021

The future of linguistics implies a better definition of concepts, especially in the semantic analysis. The notion of operator plays an important role in several areas of linguistics, for instance categorical grammars and representations of the meanings of grammatical categories. The general topology makes it possible to mathematize the grammatical concepts (time, aspects, modalities, enunciative operations) by means of operators. Curry’s Combinatorial Logic is an adequate formalism for composing and transforming operators at different levels of analysis that connect the semiotic expressions of languages (the observables) with their semantico-cognitive interpretations. The article refers to many studies that develop the points discussed.
Wokół słowackich przekładów Lata w Nohant Jarosława Iwaszkiewicza
Authors: Spyrka Lucyna 
Published: December 2021

Dramat Jarosława Iwaszkiewicza Lato w Nohant ma cechy dramatu modernistycznego. Utwór był tłumaczony na język słowacki dwukrotnie: po raz pierwszy przed wojną, jednak jego inscenizacja nie zyskała uznania słowackiej publiczności, a ze względu na biografię tłumacza — A. Žarnova — przekład w latach powojennych został skazany na zapomnienie. Nowe słowackie tłumaczenie powstało w latach 70., czyli w okresie „normalizacji”, jaka obowiązywała w ówczesnej Czechosłowacji po zdławieniu Praskiej Wiosny. Ów kontekst historyczny nasuwa przypuszczenie, że nowa translacja może mieć charakter przekładu socrealistycznego, lecz przy dokładniejszej analizie broni się ona przed taką jednoznaczną klasyfikacją. Powojenna słowacka wersja utworu była publikowana drukiem oraz w formie inscenizacji, jednak wersja teatralna nie spotkała się z większym zainteresowaniem publiczności, czego przyczyny tkwią nie w samym przekładzie, lecz w odmiennej pozycji Chopina i jego muzyki w kulturze polskiej i słowackiej.
Prevod kot kulturni in literarni artefakt. Primerjava dveh čeških prevodov Prešernove pesmi Slovo od mladosti
Authors: Jensterle-Doležal Alenka 
Published: December 2021

V prispevku analiziram dva prevoda Prešernove pesmi Slovo od mladosti kot kulturna in literarna artefakta: prevod Františka Ladislava Čelakovskega (1799—1852) iz leta 1832 (izdan v časopisu Časopis českého Muzea) kot tipičen prevod romantičnega ustvarjalca in enega od začetnikov prevajanja umetniških del na Češkem ter prevod taiste Prešernove pesmi Josefa Hiršala (1920—2003), ki je bil izdan v knjigi France Prešeren, Můj sen šel po hladině, 1978. Pri analizi drugega prevoda ugotavljam, kako se izraža modernizem v prevajalski strategiji. Prevod je primer jezikovne mojstrovine slavnega pesnika eksperimentalne poezije in znanega prevajalca (zaradi političnih razmer se je pod prevod podpisal urednik knjige Viktor Kudělka). V primerjavi me zanimajo tako jezikovne in stilistične rešitve kot tudi kulturološka vprašanja in vprašanje zgodovinskega konteksta. Hiršalov modernistični prevod je izhajal iz razvoja čeških pesniških norm v šestdesetih in sedemdesetih letih 20. stoletja.
O Zapomnianym świetle Jakuba Demla i jego polskim przekładzie
Authors: Żygadło-Czopnik Dorota 
Published: December 2021

Catholic priests who were practicing artistic creativity, mostly poets, in the Czech lands, formed a group called the Catholic Modern in the nineteenth century. Jakub Deml, a Czech priest, poet, and writer from Moravia, was in close contact with the group. His works were not always positively received by concurrent readers, but today he is considered a precursor of contemporary literary trends, especially surrealism. Thisarticle presents a portrait of one of the most original Czech writers of the first half of the twentieth century. The text also takes into account the issue of the Polish translation of his work Zapomenuté svĕtlo (Forgotten Light) by Andrzej Czcibor-Piotrowski and published in Wołów in 2000 by the Czarne Publishing House.
»Rekonsi«: prevodi Kosovelovih konsov in Chestermanove prevajalske strategije
Authors: Grošelj Robert 
Published: December 2021

Prispevek je posvečen analizi italijanskih in hrvaških prevodov izbranih konstruktivističnih pesmi (konsov) Srečka Kosovela, enega najpomembnejših slovenskih pesnikov (gre za sedem konsov v italijanskem prevodu Jolke Milič in hrvaškem prevodu Josipa Ostija). Prevedeni konsi (»rekonsi«) so bili analizirani glede na prevajalske strategije A. Chestermana (predvsem skladenjske, deloma tudi pomenske in pragmatične), obenem pa je bilo opredeljeno celostno prevodno razmerje med izhodiščnimi pesmimi in prevodi ter globalni prevajalski pristop. Analiza je pokazala, da tako v hrvaških kot v italijanskih prevodih Kosovelovih konsov prevladuje privzeti prevod, ki je pogostejši v hrvaščini; v italijanskih prevodih se pogosteje pojavijo druge skladenjske prevajalske strategije, enako velja za sinonimijo in pragmatično spremembo informacije; hrvaški prevodi dosledneje ohranjajo izhodiščne retorične sheme in so oblikovno bližje izhodiščnim konsom; v obeh prevodih se tipi povedi in tipografske značilnosti ujemajo z izhodiščnimi. Razlogi za razlike med hrvaškimi in italijanskimi prevodi lahko ležijo v jezikovnih razlikah, slogovnem vrednotenju prevodnih rešitev (v kontekstu ciljnega jezika in ciljne književne tradicije), interpretaciji in informativno-interaktivni vlogi prevajalca. Kljub razlikam pa lahko tako hrvaške kot italijanske »rekonse« — glede na izvirne pesmi — označimo kot poustvarjalne prevode (po F. R. Jonesu) oz. verodostojne prevode (po A. Lefeveru), kot metapesmi, ki skušajo mimetično poustvariti izhodiščno obliko (po J. Holmesu). Poleg tega lahko oboje prevode obravnavamo kot zvečine potujitvene: »rekonsi« skušajo ohranjati lastnosti Kosovelovih konsov — njihovo zgradbo, obliko, vsebino in sporočilo — in jih tako v njihovi večplastni razsežnosti predstaviti ciljnemu bralstvu.
Les manuscrits islandais médiévaux dans les romans islandais contemporains : l’exemple de L’Énigme de Flatey
Authors: Quéret-Podesta Adrien 
Published: December 2021

In the rich history of Icelandic literature, the most famous literary genres are undoubtedly the medieval sagas and the contemporary criminal novels. However, those genres are as not as far from each other as one may think, since masterpieces of Icelandic medieval literature are sometimes summoned by contemporary authors, as is shown in The Flatey Enigma (Icelandic: Flateyjargáta), a criminal novel by Viktor Arnar Ingólfsson which is built around the story and the contents of the Book of Flatey, a famous fourteenth Icelandic manuscript. The present article provides an analysis of the place and function of the manuscripts and the medieval texts it contains: the results obtained show that their main function is to help the development of the plot, although some intertextual references also have a didactic dimension, whereas others provide information about the relations between the characters and the Book of Flatey.
Fenomen gościnności środkowoeuropejskiej w ujęciu historycznym
Authors: Usatenko Ihor 
Published: December 2021

Artykuł dotyczy zjawiska gościnności rozpatrywanego w perspektywie historycznej. Rozważania pokazują, że tradycja gościnności w Europie Środkowej jest głęboko historycznie zakorzeniona i mocno związana z rozmaitymi procesami społeczno-politycznymi i gospodarczymi, które zachodziły w różnych epokach.
Politycy i żołnierze Spór Karla Hoefera i Bernharda Hülsena o znaczenie bitwy o Górę św. Anny podczas III powstania śląskiego w 1921 roku
Authors: Kaczmarek Ryszard 
Published: December 2021

Po I wojnie światowej doszło do konfliktu polsko-niemieckiego o Górny Śląsk, którego apogeum było polskie powstanie w 1921 roku. W niemieckim dowództwie powstał spór podczas zwycięskiej kontrofensywy, znanej jako bitwa o Górę św. Anny. Autor pokazuje uwarunkowania polityczne podejmowanych wówczas decyzji wojskowych i skomplikowane relacje demokratycznego rządu Republiki Weimarskiej z sympatyzującymi z nacjonalistyczną prawicą oficerami.
Półkolonie letnie dla dzieci jako forma wypoczynku w mieście [Rec. Joanna Sosnowska, Z dziejów opieki społecznej w Polsce międzywojennej. Półkolonie letnie w Łodzi. Łódź 2018]
Authors: Kotrys Natalia Maria 
Published: December 2021

Przedmiotem recenzji jest publikacja Joanny Sosnowskiej Z dziejów opieki społecznej w Polsce międzywojennej. Półkolonie letnie w Łodzi. W książce — na przykładzie półkolonii letnich w Łodzi — przybliżono problematykę opieki społecznej w Polsce międzywojennej.
The Role of Clinical Pharmacist in Reducing Drug Related Problems in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Talib Aya F. , M.Anwer Zinah 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Prescribing drugs to patients to treat ailments or reducing their morbidity may not be enough, even if the drugs were all indicated and in the right dose. Clinical pharmacists play a pivotal role in conducting information and instruction to patients and conveying feedback to treating physician when appropriate, and the final goal is in the interest of the patient. Identification and classification of drug related problems and discussing them with the health care providers. Prospective, interventional, clinical study for 180 hemodialysis patients, and was designed as two phases, an observational phase to identify drug related problems and classifying them according to the latest Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe classification, an interventional phase to increase the awareness of patients and the nephrologists about those problems and proposing a proper solution for each one. The main drug related problems was related to the effect of drug treatment being not optimal in 58.7%, followed by no effect in 17.8%, and least for unrelated symptoms or indications in 4.8%; causes were inappropriate combination and patients taking less drug than prescribed (both 17.4%), followed by no/or incomplete drug treatment in spite of existing indication in 12.2%, drug without indication in 10.4%. Erythropoietin and calcium were the most frequently drugs with problems. Acceptance and full implementation were observed in 34.3%, while half of the drug related problems had unknown implementation (51.3%). There were significant numbers of drug related problems among Iraqi patients on hemodialysis, the use of erythropoietin, calcium carbonate and sevelamer was responsible for most of inappropriate combinations. Physicians and clinical pharmacist cooperation was excellent.
Keywords: Drug related problems, Hemodialysis, Clinical pharmacist.
Thymoquinone Attenuates Immune Mediated Liver Injury Induced by Concanavalin A in Mice
Authors: Ahmad Halla A. , H. Kathem Sarmed 
Published: December 2021

Autoimmune hepatitis is an inflammatory disease and its incidence has been increasing. The features of hepatitis are the release of inflammatory cytokines, the elevation of AST and ALT, and hepatocyte apoptosis and necrosis. Concanavalin A considered as essential model represents the acute immune-mediated liver damage in rodents. Thymoquinone is well known herbal compound that exert hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity. In this study, we focus on the immunoregulatory and liver protective effect of thymoquinone in a mouse model of concanavalin A-induced liver injury.
Twenty-four male mice were randomly divided into four groups each containing six animals: Negative control group, concanavalin A model group, thymoquinone 15mg/kg group, and thymoquinone 30mg/kg group. Blood was collected to detect the activities of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) as well as liver tissue for the detection of tumor necrosis factor
levels, after 8 hours of concanavalin A injection.
Injecting mice with concanavalin resulted in a dramatic increase in serum level of both ALT and AST which indicate severe liver tissue damage with a significant increase in inflammatory cytokines TNF alpha -
and INF levels, with a notable increase in NF-kB gene expression in mice liver tissue homogenate. Thymoquinone pretreatment revealed a dose-dependent increase in liver tissue protection.
Conclusion: Thymoquinone has hepatoprotective and immune modulatory effects in concanavalin A induced immune mediated liver damage. Thymoquinone exerted its effect through attenuating NF and its downstream effectors TNF and INF in a dose dependent manner.
Attitude towards the disease and quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis as a target of personalized psychotherapy for PTSD
Authors: Andreeva M. T. , Karavaeva T. A. , Kalinin I. V. 
Published: December 2021

Attitude towards the disease and quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis as a target of personalized psychotherapy for PTSDA chronic, progressive, potentially disabling disease with a poor prognosis can trigger the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The article presents the results of a survey of 127 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), of which 61 patients had PTSD symptoms that developed in connection with the underlying disease were verified. The control group included 67 patients with MS who were resistant to stress. To fulfill the objectives of the study, all patients underwent a thorough collection of anamnestic information. To study the structure of the internal picture of the disease, we used a test technique aimed at diagnosing the type of attitude toward the disease (TOBOL). The study of QOL indicators was carried out using the SF-36 questionnaire.To assess the cognitive, emotional and behavioral aspects of anxiety about progression, the following questionnaires were used: “A short questionnaire for assessing the fear of disease progression” A. Mehnert, P. Herschbach, P. Berg (2006), adapted by N.А. Sirota, D.V. Moskovchenko (2014) and “Questionnaire of cognitive ideas about the disease” A. Evers, F. Kraaimaat (1998), adapted by N.A. Sirota, D.V. Moskovchenko (2014). As a result of the study, it was revealed that the patients of the main group have significantly lower scores of both physical and mental functioning when assessing the quality of life. At the same time, patients with PTSD are characterized by a higher intensity of anxiety about progression, negative thinking, and emotional reactions associated with the disease. An inadequate internal picture of the disease, characterized by the presence of mental maladjustment due to the disease, prevails in the group of patients with PTSD. All of these factors can be predictors of the development of PTSD. It is necessary to conduct further studies of the psychological characteristics of this group of patients in order to identify the targets of psychotherapeutic influence.
ON THE QUESTION OF THE BASIC PERIODIZATION OF IMITATIONS OF THE ROMAN IMPERIAL DENARII IN THE CHERNYAKHIV CULTURE AREA: THE CONCEPT OF TWO «WAVES»
Authors: Kasperovich Olexandr , Yushkauskas Gintautas 
Published: December 2021

Imitations of Roman coins, the findings of which are very numerous and diverse in Ukraine, have already attracted the attention of researchers. The material accumulated over the last two decades, when taking into account its scale and diversity, allows us to state that imitations of Roman coins in the area of Chernyakhiv culture, is an unique and large-scale phenomenon, visible on the imaginary «map» of ancient numismatics. In this context, the growing number of new findings of imitations actualizes the task of more detailed and meaningful categorization of the accumulated material, in order to create a certain integral «canvas» of such a phenomenon as the imitations of Roman coins from the area of Chernyakhiv culture.
The article is devoted to the improvement of the existing typology and periodization of imitations of Roman imperial denarii, which were made in the area of Chernyakhiv culture during the II - IV centuries. To solve this problem, the authors proposed and used an analytical scheme, consisting of a set of classification parameters for the typology of imitations of Roman coins in the area of Chernyakhiv culture. The use of this scheme allowed to form «profiles» and to substantiate the presence in the general set of imitations of two large, non-intersecting groups («waves») of imitations.
Further analysis allowed to describe and compare these two «waves» of imitation in more detail. It was found that the first «wave» refers to the period of gradual entry of the Roman silver coins into the area of Chernyakhiv culture (II - early III century), which significantly clarifies the common view, according to which all imitations belong to the second half of the III century or even later. The second «wave» of imitations really refers to the second half of the III - early IV century, as it was established in the literature.
Thus, the results of the study substantiated a comprehensive approach to the classification of imitations of Roman coins in the area of Chernyakhiv culture and significantly clarified the chronological framework of their production. In the future, the concept of two «waves» and the analytical scheme proposed by the authors may contribute to a more accurate classification and periodization of the whole array of imitations of Roman coins, which were made in the area of Chernyakhiv culture