bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of the chimeric conjoint flap technique for complex defects reconstruction throughout the body: Clinical experience with 28 cases
Authors: Scaglioni Mario F. , Meroni Matteo , Fuchs Bruno , Knobe Matthias , Fritsche Elmar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundLarge soft tissue defects reconstruction represents a frequent and complex challenge in plastic surgery. A critical point regards the equilibrium between the need of large amount of tissue, while minimizing donor site morbidity. This is a common issue that plastic surgeons face in their clinical practice. In this context, the chimeric conjoint flap technique can be a valuable option, allowing to better exploit many well‐known procedures. The purpose of the present work is to show the reconstructive efficacy and reliability of this technique resorting to many different well‐known flaps. No such a comprehensive collection of cases is available so far dealing with this procedure.Patients and MethodsTwenty‐eight patients presenting large defects throughout the body were treated by means of different flaps, designed according to the chimeric conjoint flap concept. Patients' mean age was 61.9 years old (range 18–82 years), 20 were males and 8 females. The size of the defects ranged from 7 cm × 6 cm to 25 cm × 18 and presented shapes or localizations that were complex to be covered with a regular flap. The defects were located in 11 cases in the lower limbs, in 9 cases in the head and neck region, in 5 cases in the groin, and in 2 cases in the thorax. Cause of the defect was tumor resection in 20 cases, trauma‐induced necrosis in 5 cases, Fournier's gangrene in 2 cases, and a chronic ulcer in 1 case. Fourteen flaps were free flaps while 14 were pedicled flaps. The chimeric conjoint flap technique consists in splitting the skin paddle a flap into two smaller island that can be rearranged in order to match the particular requirements of the recipient site. Different flaps were employed: the anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap was used in 19 cases, latissimus dorsi (LD) musculocutaneous flap in 4 cases, deep inferior epigastric (DIEP) in 3 cases, medial sural artery perforator (MSAP) in 1 case, free radial forearm flap (RFFF) in 1 case.ResultsAll the 28 patients were successfully treated. In 6 cases minor complications were encountered, 5 at recipient site and 1 at donor site, who were all managed conservatively. No second procedures were required. The mean follow‐up period was 8.4 months (range 3–12 months). At the last follow‐up evaluation all the patients reached an acceptable cosmetic result and, when limbs were affected, complete range of motion restoration.ConclusionsThe present case series provide promising evidence regarding the reliability and versatility of the chimeric conjoint flap technique for large and delicate defect reconstructions throughout the body.
The effects of Pilates exercise in comparison to other forms of exercise on pain and disability in individuals with chronic non‐specific low back pain: A systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: Wong Chi Ming , Rugg Bradley , Geere Jo‐Anne 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the effects of Pilates exercise (PE) with other forms of exercise on pain and disability in individuals with chronic non‐specific low back pain (CNSLBP) and to inform clinical practice and future research.Study designSystematic review with meta‐analysis conducted and reported in line the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta‐analysis.Literature searchSix electronic databases were searched from inception to April 2021.Study selection criteriaRandomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effect of PE with other forms of exercise for adults with CNSLBP on pain and disability.Data synthesisTwo reviewers assessed the risk of bias of the trials, guided by the Cochrane RoB2 tool. Available data were extracted for meta‐analysis with subgroup analysis. Pilates exercise was compared to general exercise (GE), direction‐specific exercise (DSE) and spinal stabilisation exercise (SSE). Certainty of evidence was interpreted following the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach.ResultsEleven RCTs were included. A low certainty of evidence supported PE was more effective than GE in pain reduction [Effect size (ES) 0.44]. Moreover, very low levels of certainty were revealed for effectiveness of PE compared with DSE for pain reduction (ES 0.65) and equivalence of PE and SSE for pain and disability.ConclusionsThis review found no strong evidence for using one type of exercise intervention over another when managing patients with CNSLBP. Existing evidence does not allow this review to draw definitive recommendations. In the absence of a superior exercise form clinicians should work collaboratively with the patient, using the individual's goals and preferences to guide exercise selection. Further appropriately designed research is warranted to explore this topic further.
Opportunities for organizational learning and innovation: A nonprofit case study duringCOVID‐19 in Hong Kong
Authors: Chui Cheryl Hiu‐kwan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCOVID‐19 has created unprecedented challenges and uncertainty for the nonprofit sector. Drawing from a case study of a community‐based service delivery nonprofit organization in Hong Kong, this research note examines the impact of COVID‐19 on this organization's daily operations, identifies its organizational coping strategies in response to the challenges it faced, and outlines key organizational learning resulting from its experience of dealing with the pandemic. With reference to the narrative development process framework, this study found that the customary social service delivery model was inadequate in meeting the emergent needs identified in the community. This realization served as a catalyst for the organization to employ socially innovative coping strategies to continue safeguarding the well‐being of vulnerable population groups. As a result, a new paradigm of service delivery leveraging on neighborhood support networks and cross‐sector collaborations was developed. Factors that would enable nonprofits to enhance their adaptive capacity in the face of future public health crises are discussed, with particular attention drawn to the usefulness of adopting a narrative development process in guiding organizations' collective actions.
Kinesiophobia and self‐management behaviour related to physical activity in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease: The mediating role of self‐efficacy
Authors: Zhang Siai , Wang Zhangyi , Lin Xinyu , Li Yawen , Xue Yuanyuan , Ban Junkun , Li Ge , Fa Tiane 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study was to explore the relationship among kinesiophobia, self‐efficacy and self‐management behaviour related to physical activity (SMBPA) in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) and the mediating role of self‐efficacy between kinesiophobia and SMBPA in Chinese patients with CHD.DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodsFrom March to July 2021, 540 Chinese patients with CHD were investigated with three scales using convenient sampling method. The data were analysed with Pearson correlation, univariate analysis, multivariate linear regression and the PROCESS macro.Results509 valid questionnaires were collected (effective response rate: 94.2%). Low kinesiophobia and high self‐efficacy were related to high‐levels of SMBPA (all p < .01). Besides, the effect of kinesiophobia on SMBPA was partially mediated by self‐efficacy, and the mediation effect accounted for 35.59% of the total effect.
Development and acceptability of a decision aid for major depressive disorder considering discontinuation of antidepressant treatment after remission
Authors: Aoki Yumi , Takaesu Yoshikazu , Baba Hajime , Iga Jun‐ichi , Hori Hikaru , Inoue Takeshi , Mishima Kazuo , Tajika Aran , Kato Masaki 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimWhile evidence‐based antidepressant treatment is available for major depressive disorder, standard approaches for discontinuation of antidepressants after remission have not yet been established. Decision aids are structured clinical tools that facilitate shared decision‐making between patients and healthcare providers. This study aimed to describe the development process and acceptability of decision aids for major depressive disorder following discontinuation of antidepressant treatment after remission.MethodsWe systematically developed a decision aids according to the International Patient Decision Aid Standards. First, a decision aids prototype was created using the results of a systematic review and meta‐analysis previously conducted to identify the consequences of continuing and discontinuing antidepressant treatment. Second, a mixed‐methods questionnaire (alpha acceptability testing) was administered to patients and healthcare providers to improve the decision aids prototype and develop it into a final version acceptable for clinical settings.ResultsOur decision aids consisted of a description of major depressive disorder, the option to continue or discontinue antidepressant treatment, the advantages and disadvantages of each option, the consequences of each option, and value clarification exercises for each option. The patients (n = 22) reported that the decision aids had acceptable language (91%), adequate information (91%), and a well‐balanced presentation (95%). Healthcare providers (n = 20) provided favorable feedback. The final decision aids fulfilled all six International Patient Decision Aid Standards qualifying criteria.ConclusionWe successfully developed a decision aids for discontinuation of antidepressant treatment after remission, which could be used during the shared decision‐making process. Further studies are needed to verify the effects of using the decision aids during the shared decision‐making process.
Early menarche and adult major depressive disorder among Japanese women: The role of childhood traumatic experience and socioeconomic conditions in young adulthood
Authors: Umeda Maki , Kawakami Norito , Shimoda Haruki , Miyamoto Karin , Ishikawa Hanako , Tachimori Hisateru , Takeshima Tadashi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to examine the long‐term impact of early menarche with adult depression, and to assess whether this association was explained by childhood traumatic experience and socioeconomic condition in early adulthood.MethodsThe data were derived from World Mental Health Survey Japan Second, a cross‐sectional survey conducted among Japanese community residents between 2013 and 2015. We used the data of female respondents aged 20–75 years (N = 1171). Hazard ratio (HR) of the onset of major depression up to 40 years was calculated for an early‐menarche group and a non‐early‐menarche group, respectively. Kaplan–Meier curve and log–rank statistics were used to examine the difference in failure. Cox proportional hazard models were administered for the association of major depression with early‐menarche and early‐life psychosocial factors.ResultsRisk for major depressive disorders were three to four times higher in an early‐menarche group, and the differences in survival functions were significant (p < 0.001). HR of early menarche was 2.79 (95% CI = 1.29–6.02), and was slightly changed when childhood traumatic experience and socioeconomic conditions in young adulthood were added in the model (HR = 2.88, 95% CI = 1.30–6.38; HR = 3.19, 95% CI = 1.41–7.21).ConclusionEarly menarche was significantly associated with increased risk for depression by the age of 40 years. Childhood trauma and socioeconomic hardship in early adulthood did not account for the association. Both physical and psychosocial risk factors in early life need to be addressed for preventing women's depression.
Phosphoprotein network analysis of corneal epithelium of keratoconus patients
Authors: Amit Chatterjee , Ghose Vivek , Narayanan Jankiraman , Padmanabhan Prema , Sathe Gajanan , Elchuri Sailaja 
Published: July 2022

AbstractKeratoconus (KC) is non‐inflammatory, bilateral progressive corneal ectasia, and a disease of established biomechanical instability. The etiology of KC is believed to be multifactorial. Although previous studies gained insight into the understanding of the disease, little is known thus far on global protein phosphorylation changes in keratoconus. We performed phosphoproteome analysis of corneal epithelium from control (N = 5) and KC patients. Tandem mass tag (TMT) multiplexing technology along with immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) were used for the phosphopeptides enrichment and quantitation. Enriched peptides were analyzed on Orbitrap Fusion Tribrid mass spectrometer. This leads to the identification of 2939 unique phosphopeptides derived from 1270 proteins. We observed significant differential phosphorylation of 591 phosphopeptides corresponding to 375 proteins. Our results provide first phosphoproteomic signature of the keratoconus disease and identified dysregulated signaling pathways that can be targeted for therapy in future studies.
Diagnostic tests and subtypes of dysfunctional breathing in children with unexplained exertional dyspnea
Authors: Peiffer Claudine , Pautrat Jade , Benzouid Chérine , Fuchs‐Climent Deborah , Buridans‐Travier Nellie , Houdouin Véronique , Bokov Plamen , Delclaux Christophe 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundInappropriate hyperventilation during exercise may be a specific subtype of dysfunctional breathing (DB).ObjectiveTo assess whether Nijmegen questionnaire and hyperventilation provocation test (HVPT) are able to differentiate inappropriate hyperventilation from other DB subtypes in children with unexplained exertional dyspnea, and normal spirometry and echocardiography.MethodsThe results were compared between a subgroup of 25 children with inappropriate hyperventilation (increased V'E/V'CO2 slope during a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET)) and an age and sex matched subgroup of 25 children with DB without hyperventilation (median age, 13.5 years; 36 girls). Anxiety was evaluated using State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children questionnaire.ResultsAll children were normocapnic (at rest and peak exercise) and the children with hyperventilation had lower tidal volume/vital capacity on peak exercise (shallow breathing). The Nijmegen score correlated positively with dyspnea during the CPET and the HVPT (p = 0.001 and 0.010, respectively) and with anxiety score (p = 0.022). The proportion of children with a positive Nijmegen score (≥19) did not differ between hyperventilation (13/25) and no hyperventilation (14/25) groups (p = 0.777). Fractional end‐tidal CO2 (FETCO2) at 5‐min recovery of the HVPT was < 90% baseline in all children (25/25) of both subgroups. Likewise, there was no significant difference between the two subgroups for other indices of HVPT (FETCO2 at 3‐min recovery and symptoms during the test).ConclusionThe validity of the Nijmegen questionnaire and the HVPT to discriminate specific subtypes of dysfunctional breathing, as well as the relevance of the inappropriate hyperventilation subtype itself may both be questioned.
Long‐term pulmonary sequelae in adolescents post‐SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
Authors: Palacios Sabrina , Krivchenia Katelyn , Eisner Mariah , Young Bailey , Ramilo Octavio , Mejias Asuncion , Lee Simon , Kopp Benjamin T. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRationaleSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) causes long‐term pulmonary sequelae in adults, but little is known about pulmonary outcomes in pediatrics.Objective(s)The aim of this study was to describe long‐term subjective and objective pulmonary abnormalities after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in pediatric populations.MethodsSingle‐center, retrospective cohort of patients seen in post‐coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pulmonary clinic in 2021. Subjects evaluated had persistent pulmonary symptoms 4 weeks or more after initial infection. Clinical testing included a 6‐min walk test (6MWT), chest X‐ray, pre‐ and postbronchodilator spirometry, plethysmography, and diffusion capacity. Patients were followed 2‐to‐3‐months after the initial visit with repeat testing. The primary outcome was the presence of abnormal pulmonary function testing. Secondary measures included variables associated with pulmonary outcomes.ResultsEighty‐two adolescents were seen at a median of 3.5 months postinfection, with approximately 80% reporting two or more symptoms at clinic presentation (cough, chest pain, dyspnea at rest, and exertional dyspnea). At follow‐up (~6.5 months) exertional dyspnea persisted for most (67%). Spirometry was normal in 77% of patients, but 31% had a positive bronchodilator response. No abnormalities were noted on plethysmography or diffusion capacity. Clinical phenotypes identified included inhaled corticosteroid responsiveness, paradoxical vocal fold motion disorder, deconditioning, and dysautonomia. Multivariable modeling demonstrated that obesity, anxiety, and resting dyspnea were associated with reduced 6MWT, while female sex and resting dyspnea were associated with higher Borg Dyspnea and Fatigues scores.ConclusionsThis is the largest study to date of pediatric patients with long‐term pulmonary sequelae post‐COVID‐19. Identified clinical phenotypes and risk factors warrant further study and treatment.
Towards a Deep Insight Into Thermal and Moisture Aging of Silicon‐Based Pyrotechnic Delay Composition Through a Combination of Spectroscopic Techniques – Principal Component Analysis Approaches
Authors: Abdelaziz Amir , Bekhouche Slimane , Tarchoun Ahmed Fouzi , Mezroua Abderahmane , Trache Djalal 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe aging of pyrotechnics is heavily influenced by temperature and humidity during their long‐term storage. The investigation of the aging mechanisms of such composites is of great interest for their safe storage and use in weapon systems, hence avoiding any unexpected phenomenon or decrease in performance. This study is aimed at understanding the aging effects related to temperature and moisture on pyrotechnic delays composed of silicon as fuel and lead oxide (Pb3O4) and barium chromate (BaCrO4) as oxidizers. The aged samples were considered for spectroscopic analysis using Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), and surface morphology analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results obtained showed that temperature and moisture induce distinct structural and morphological modifications on the composition. The thermal aging causes thermal decomposition of the lead oxide, followed by the oxidation of the fuel particles to form silicon dioxide (SiO2). On the other hand, under moisture, the lead oxide is stable and does not participate in the aging process and the barium chromate is converted to chromium oxide molecules Cr2O3. At the same time, Si is oxidized to SiO2 and orthosilicic acid Si(OH)4 in the presence of humidity. The SEM images revealed that the surface of the aged samples tended to be rough in addition to the formation of surface cracks. At low aging periods of 20, 40, and 60 days, no chemical alterations have been noticed, whereas, beyond 80 days, the changes become more apparent. By coupling the above analytical techniques with principal component analysis (PCA), it was possible to accurately differentiate the aged samples according to their aging time and to detect any compositional change within the powder even at low aging periods.
Molecular network‐guided chemical profile and mass spectrometry, volatile compounds, and antimicrobial activity of Scaptotrigona depilis propolis
Authors: Souza Edineide Cristina A. , Silva Beatriz Paes , Porto Carla , Pilau Eduardo Jorge , Menezes Cristiano , Flach Adriana 
Published: July 2022

RationalePropolis has a great diversity in its composition due to numerous factors; therefore, each study is an important contribution to the knoFwledge of its composition and biological action. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical profile and biological activity of propolis produced by Scaptotrigona depilis.MethodsExtracts with 70% ethanol (EPE70) and with cereal alcohol (CAPE) were elaborated, and then characterized using UHPLC‐ESI(+)‐MS/MS. Volatile compounds were extracted and then characterized using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS). In addition, antimicrobial activities were verified against resistant strains.ResultsThe volatile compounds of propolis predominantly consist of sesquiterpenes. Using the exploratory metabolomic approach, compounds of different classes were putatively identified in the ethanolic extracts, of which the most representative were terpenes, and some of the sesquiterpenes identified among the volatiles were also detected. The extracts were shown to be active against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.5 and 1.0 mg mL−1, respectively.ConclusionsThe molecular network approach proved to be determining the chemical profile of S. depilis propolis rapidly and accurately, and led to the identification of lipophilic compounds. The identification of compounds using GC–MS and UHPLC‐ESI(+)‐MS/MS is complementary and useful for the characterization of propolis.
Detection of respiratory viruses directly from clinical samples using next‐generation sequencing: A literature review of recent advances and potential for routine clinical use
Authors: Wang Xinye , Stelzer‐Braid Sacha , Scotch Matthew , Rawlinson William D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAcute respiratory infection is the third most frequent cause of mortality worldwide, causing over 4.25 million deaths annually. Although most diagnosed acute respiratory infections are thought to be of viral origin, the aetiology often remains unclear. The advent of next‐generation sequencing (NGS) has revolutionised the field of virus discovery and identification, particularly in the detection of unknown respiratory viruses. We systematically reviewed the application of NGS technologies for detecting respiratory viruses from clinical samples and outline potential barriers to the routine clinical introduction of NGS. The five databases searched for studies published in English from 01 January 2010 to 01 February 2021, which led to the inclusion of 52 studies. A total of 14 different models of NGS platforms were summarised from included studies. Among these models, second‐generation sequencing platforms (e.g., Illumina sequencers) were used in the majority of studies (41/52, 79%). Moreover, NGS platforms have proven successful in detecting a variety of respiratory viruses, including influenza A/B viruses (9/52, 17%), SARS‐CoV‐2 (21/52, 40%), parainfluenza virus (3/52, 6%), respiratory syncytial virus (1/52, 2%), human metapneumovirus (2/52, 4%), or a viral panel including other respiratory viruses (16/52, 31%). The review of NGS technologies used in previous studies indicates the advantages of NGS technologies in novel virus detection, virus typing, mutation identification, and infection cluster assessment. Although there remain some technical and ethical challenges associated with NGS use in clinical laboratories, NGS is a promising future tool to improve understanding of respiratory viruses and provide a more accurate diagnosis with simultaneous virus characterisation.