bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Coupled RANS/VLM Approach for Multi-component Propulsor Analysis
Authors: Lee Sing-Kwan , Chen Hamn-Ching 
Published: January 2022

This paper describes an ongoing effort to integrate Computational Fluid Dynamic methods into a system for predicting the performances of multi-component propulsors in a turbulent ship flow environment. These methods include a Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) code for ship turbulent flow calculations and a Vortex-Lattice Method (VLM) based program MPUF3A for sheet cavitating propeller flow analyses. The combination of these methods provides a new level of realism for modeling the flow field around a ship with thick turbulent boundary layers and multi-component propulsor/hull interaction. The bottlenecks caused by inadequate grid generation methods and a lack of code integration, which have prevented the use of these numerical methods for practical configurations in design time frame, have been substantially alleviated by the incorporation of zonal calculation techniques, advanced gridding tools, and a chimera gridding method that allows arbitrary grid block overlap.
Validations of the calculation method were performed for a contra-rotating propeller, CR404 system, and a series 60, CB = 0.6, ship hull with a MAU propeller. Comparisons of the computational results to the measurement data are documented in this paper. Also, to demonstrate the predictive capability of the method, simulations were carried out for the series 60 ship hull with a single propeller and a contrarotating propeller under model and full scale conditions.
Conversion of a Whitemetal/Oil System to Water Lubricated Bearings
Authors: Shaw John 
Published: January 2022

Over fifty years ago, ship owners moved from open water lubricated stern tube bearings to oil-lubricated white metal bearings. Improvements in sealing technology encouraged this move. White metal bearings in a closed oil system offered a proven technology, which provided for predictable and controlled wear life and reduced
Recently, improvements in materials and bearing design have resulted in greater options in water-lubricated stern tube bearings that provide improved wear life. To eliminate any source of stern tube oil pollution and reduce risks associated with seal damage, some owners have made the decision to convert existing ships with oil-lubricated stern tubes to water-lubricated stern tubes.
This paper outlines the process used in converting a stern tube operating on oil-lubricated bearings to water-lubricated bearings through the experience of a recent conversion completed in China.
Teatro de animação, cultura popular e cosmovisão ecológica
Authors: Souza Andreia de Oliveira 
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo relata parte de alguns processos artísticos que a autora desenvolveu com a Cia. Teatro da Recusa de 2017 a 2021 nos quais a temática sustentabilidade foi pensada sob a perspectiva da cosmovisão ecológica com enfoque na valorização da cultura popular brasileira. Esses processos que partiram da observação e pesquisa etnográfica resultaram na montagem de cinco trabalhos nas mais diversas técnicas do teatro de animação; manipulação de luva, vara (mamulengos), boneco gigante, híbridos, manipulação direta e de balcão, repertório este que servirá para propor reflexões sobre teatro de animação diversidade cultural, vivências e convivências.
In vitro Anti-inflammatory Activity of Endemic Artocarpus nobilis Thw Found in Sri Lanka
Authors: Senadeera S. P. N. N. , Fernando K. S. K. , Wickramasekara W. L. L. N. , Fernando M. Y. S. , Ranaweera C. B. , Rajapaksha Weranga , Silva A. R. N. 
Published: January 2022

Aims: To investigate in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous, methanol, dichloromethane, and hexane extracts of Artocarpus nobilis Thw. leaves and stem bark using heat-induced protein denaturation test (egg albumin denaturation).
Methodology: About 500 g of each matured, fully expanded leaves and stem bark of Artocarpus nobilis were collected, washed and air-dried. Leaves and stem bark parts were grounded to obtain a fine powder material. The extractions were obtained using the decoction extraction method. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using the heat-induced egg albumin denaturation method. Diclofenac sodium was used as the positive control.
Results: Results showed that Diclofenac sodium exhibited an IC50 value of 243.4 µg/mL and methanolic stem bark extract had an IC50 Value of 249.8 µg/mL) for heat-induced egg albumin protein denaturation test. R² and P values for aqueous, methanol, dichloromethane, and hexane extracts indicated that there was a strong, statistically significant correlation (P<0.01) between concentration and percentage inhibition for all extracts of A. nobilis Thw. However, methanol stem bark extract demonstrated the highest efficacy and potency with similar activity observed for the positive control Diclofenac sodium.
Conclusion: Methanol stem bark extract of Artocarpus nobilis Thw. have marked in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. Further studies are necessary to determine the mechanism and the active constituents responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity of the plant parts of Artocarpus nobilis Thw.
Technical note: Evaluation of a silicone‐based custom bolus for radiation therapy of a superficial pelvic tumor
Authors: Wang Karissa M. , Rickards Amanda J. , Bingham Trevor , Tward Jonathan D. , Price Ryan G. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPurposeUse of standard‐of‐care radiation therapy boluses may result in air‐gaps between the target surface and bolus, as they may not adequately conform to each patient's unique topography. Such air‐gaps can be particularly problematic in cases of superficial pelvic tumor radiation, as the density variation may result in the radiation delivered to the target site being inconsistent with the prescribed dose. To increase bolus fit and thereby dose predictability and homogeneity, we designed and produced a custom silicone bolus for evaluation against the clinical standard.MethodsA custom bolus was created for the pelvic regions of both an anthropomorphic phantom and a pelvic patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the penile shaft. Molds were designed using computed tomography (CT) scans, then 3D‐printed and cast with silicone rubber to yield the boluses. Air‐gap measurements were performed on custom and standard‐of‐care Superflab gel sheet boluses by analyzing total volume between the bolus and target surface, as measured from CT scans. Therapeutic doses of radiation were delivered to both boluses. Radiation dose was measured and compared to the expected dose using nine optically stimulated luminescent dosimeters (OSLDs) placed on the phantom.ResultsMean air‐gap volume between the bolus and phantom was decreased from 314 ± 141 cm3 with the standard bolus to 4.56 ± 1.59 cm3 using the custom device. In the case of the on‐treatment patient, air‐gap volume was reduced from 169 cm3 with the standard bolus to 46.1 cm3 with the custom. Dosimetry testing revealed that the mean absolute difference between expected and received doses was 5.69%±4.56% (15.1% maximum) for the standard bolus and 1.91%±1.31% (3.51% maximum) for the custom device. Areas of greater dose difference corresponded to areas of larger air‐gap.ConclusionsThe custom bolus reduced air‐gap and increased predictability of radiation dose delivered compared to the standard bolus. The custom bolus could increase the certainty of prescribed dose‐delivery of radiation therapy for superficial tumors.
Manipulation of New Married Edge‐Adjacent Fe2N5 Catalysts and Identification of Active Species for Oxygen Reduction in Wide pH Range
Authors: Wang Xingkun , Chen Zongkun , Han Zhongkang , Gai Huiyu , Zhou Jian , Wang Yurou , Cui Peixin , Ge Junjie , Xing Wei , Zheng Xusheng , Huang Minghua , Jiang Heqing 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTransition metal‐nitrogen‐carbon‐based catalysts (M‐N‐C) serve as promising alternatives for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, their synthesis generally involves complex pyrolysis reactions, resulting in their high structure heterogeneity and consequently making it difficult to distinguish the catalytic active sites. Herein, atomically dispersed Fe2 on the hollow carbon spheres are synthesized as the model for insight into the active sites at the atomic level. By virtue of the systematic SCN− poisoning experiments and theoretical calculations, the authors find that both edge‐adjacent Fe2N5 and graphitic N sites exhibit the pH‐dependent poisoning kinetics, beyond a simple and traditional “SCN− poisoning M‐Nx sites” notion, helping us to discriminate the edge‐adjacent Fe2N5 structure and graphitic N species as the bi‐active ORR sites in a wide pH range. Moreover, this is the first work to synthesize the new married edge‐adjacent Fe2N5 structure in an experimental aspect. The original work offers an important insight to pinpoint the active species in different pH media, which can broaden the fundamental understanding to design M‐N‐C and metal‐free‐carbon‐based catalysts for ORR.
Ultrathin DDR Films with Exceptionally High CO2 Flux and Uniformly Adjustable Orientations
Authors: Zhou Ming , Yu Liang , Hedlund Jonas 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThin and oriented zeolite films are important for advanced separations, catalysis, and sensing. Strategies for tailoring zeolites for applications include controlling their crystal size, shape, and orientation. Here, three siliceous DDR zeolite ultrathin films with different orientations achieved by homoepitaxial growth from 60 nm‐sized seed particles are reported. The 0.5 µm thick membrane shows a separation selectivity of 400 for CO2–CH4 mixtures and CO2 permeance of 25 × 10‐7 mol m‐2 s‐1 Pa‐1 at 20 °C and 1 bar, leading to a record‐high performance among all reported DDR membranes. Furthermore, the seed nanoparticles are grown into mono‐dispersed DDR sub‐micron crystals with trigonal and tabular habits. These crystals are assembled in monolayers for the growth of ultrathin and uniformly (h0h)‐oriented and c‐oriented films with maximum surface pore diameter of 0.365 and 0.263 nm, respectively, by using the 1‐adamantanamine template in fluoride medium. The novel strategy not only provides high‐performance membrane candidates for industrial CO2 separation, but also inspires interfacial engineering, pore size, and orientation controlling for other microporous crystals, and their membranes.
2D Functional Minerals as Sustainable Materials for Magneto‐Optics
Authors: Huang Ziyang , Lan Tianshu , Dai Lixin , Zhao Xueting , Wang Zhongyue , Zhang Zehao , Li Bing , Li Jialiang , Liu Jingao , Ding Baofu , Geim Andre K. , Cheng Hui‐Ming , Liu Bilu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLiquid crystal devices using organic molecules are nowadays widely used to modulate transmitted light, but this technology still suffers from relatively weak response, high cost, toxicity and environmental concerns, and cannot fully meet the demand of future sustainable society. Here, an alternative approach to color‐tunable optical devices, which is based on sustainable inorganic liquid crystals derived from 2D mineral materials abundant in nature, is described. The prototypical 2D mineral of vermiculite is massively produced by a green method, possessing size‐to‐thickness aspect ratios of >103, in‐plane magnetization of >10 emu g−1, and an optical bandgap of >3 eV. These characteristics endow 2D vermiculite with sensitive magneto‐birefringence response, been several orders of magnitude larger than organic counterparts, as well as capability of broad‐spectrum modulation. The finding consequently permits the fabrication of various magnetochromic or mechanochromic devices with low or even zero‐energy consumption during operation. This work creates opportunities for the application of sustainable materials in advanced optics.
Synthesis of C4‐Acyl‐tetrofuranosides and C5‐Acyl‐pentopyranosides Enabled by the Liebeskind‐Srogl Cross‐Coupling Reaction
Authors: Xu Linhua , Hou Zijiao , Ma Xian , Ma Yixuan , Wang Jianjun , Zhang Xinxin , Wang Peng , Li Ming 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAn efficient and versatile protocol for the synthesis of C4‐acyl‐tetrofuranosides and C5‐acyl‐pentopyranosides has been established via the Liebeskind‐Srogl cross‐coupling reaction of various uronic acid‐derived thioesters and a wide range of arylboronic acids. Distinctive features of this transformation include mild reaction conditions, broad substrate scopes, impressive compatibility with a wide array of functional groups, and retention of stereochemical configurations. Dapagliflozin‐derived thioester is also amenable to this transformation, demonstrating the potential of this strategy in the late‐stage modifications of the active pharmaceuticals.
Is amyloid involved in acute neuroinflammation? A CSF analysis in encephalitis
Authors: Padovani Alessandro , Canale Antonio , Schiavon Lorenzo , Masciocchi Stefano , Imarisio Alberto , Risi Barbara , Bonzi Giulio , De Giuli Valeria , Di Luca Monica , Ashton Nicholas J. , Blennow Kaj , Zetterberg Henrik , Pilotto Andrea 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionSeveral investigations have argued for a strong relationship between neuroinflammation and amyloid metabolism but it is still unclear whether inflammation exerts a pro‐amyloidogenic effect, amplifies the neurotoxic effect of amyloid, or is protective.MethodsForty‐two patients with acute encephalitis (ENC) and 18 controls underwent an extended cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) panel of inflammatory, amyloid (Aβ40, 42, and 38, sAPP‐α, sAPP‐β), glial, and neuronal biomarkers. Linear and non‐linear correlations between CSF biomarkers were evaluated studying conditional independence relationships.ResultsCSF levels of inflammatory cytokines and neuronal/glial markers were higher in ENC compared to controls, whereas the levels of amyloid‐related markers did not differ. Inflammatory markers were not associated with amyloid markers but exhibited a correlation with glial and neuronal markers in conditional independence analysis.DiscussionBy an extensive CSF biomarkers analysis, this study showed that an acute neuroinflammation state, which is associated with glial activation and neuronal damage, does not influence amyloid homeostasis.
Preparation and examination of a scaffold based on hydroxylated polyphosphazene for tissue engineering: In vitro and in vivo studies
Authors: Gholivand Khodayar , Alavinasab Ardebili Seyed Alireza , Mohammadpour Mahnaz , Eshaghi Malekshah Rahime , Hasannia Sadegh , Onagh Bahman 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn the current study, we introduced a new water‐soluble polyphosphazene containing hydroxyl groups, poly(propyleneglycol)phosphazene (PPGP). The PPGP is converted to PPGP‐TiO2 cross‐linked polymer via hydrothermal reaction with Ti(OBu)4. The properties of the obtained polymers were assessed by 1H‐NMR, 31P‐NMR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopic methods, thermal techniques (DSC‐TGA), FESEM–EDX investigations, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and Zeta potential measurements. In order to predict PPGP‐TiO2 cross‐linked polymer structure and obtain HOMO–LUMO maps and COMSO sigma profile, quantum calculations were used by DMol3 module based on Dispersion‐corrected density functional theory (DFT‐D) in Materials Studio Software2017. As a common bone substitute material, hydroxyapatite (HAp) was prepared using a modified method and closely characterized by appropriate analysis. The PPGP cytotoxicity was examined using C2C12 and L929 cell lines and Escherichia coli. The C2C12 differentiation using PPGP (as media supplement) was quantified by alkaline phosphatase activity assay. The biocompatibility of PPGP‐TiO2 was compared with HAp using mentioned cell lines and acute inflammatory testing. The results demonstrated that cell proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation increased in presence of PPGP. Both in vitro and in vivo evidence indicated that the novel scaffold had significant viability, exhibiting notable adaptability with its surrounding living tissue.
Preparation and characterization of damage indication and self‐healing microcapsules for surface micro‐cracks in mortar coating
Authors: Zhang Haohui , Wang Qing , Li Yao , Mao Junheng , Zheng Xu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA mortar coating with damage indication and self‐healing properties based on microcapsules was proposed. The self‐healing microcapsules were synthesized by in‐situ polymerization method using urea formaldehyde resin as wall material and epoxy resin as core material. The damage‐indicator microcapsules with leuco dye crystal violet lactone as core material and polymethyl methacrylate as wall material were fabricated by solvent evaporation method. It was confirmed that after the core material was encapsulated, the heat resistance was improved. Through the particle diameter analysis of the microcapsules fabricated at diverse emulsifier contents and stirring speeds, it can be found that the microcapsule particle size decreased with increasing the emulsifier content and stirring speed. When cracks on the surface of the mortar coating were artificially fabricated, the damage‐indicator microcapsules can effectively highlight the surface cracks in blue for further manual repairs. The cured epoxy resin was found through the scanning electron microscope observation and element detection of the crack section. This indicated that the self‐healing microcapsules can fill micro‐cracks, thereby slowing down the development speed of cement‐based material cracks. This study provides a new method to detect and self‐heal surface micro‐cracks in mortar coating.
Modulation of CD36‐mediated lipid accumulation and senescence by vitamin E analogs in monocytes and macrophages
Authors: Zingg Jean‐Marc , Stamatiou Christina , Montalto Giulia , Daunert Sylvia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe CD36/FAT scavenger receptor/fatty acids transporter regulates cellular lipid accumulation important for inflammation, atherosclerosis, lipotoxicity, and initiation of cellular senescence. Here we compared the regulatory effects of the vitamin E analogs alpha‐tocopherol (αT), alpha‐tocopheryl phosphate (αTP), and αTP/βCD (a nanocarrier complex between αTP and β‐cyclodextrin [βCD]) and investigated their regulatory effects on lipid accumulation, phagocytosis, and senescence in THP‐1 monocytes and macrophages. Both, αTP and αTP/βCD inhibited CD36 surface exposition stronger than αT leading to more pronounced CD36‐mediated events such as inhibition of DiI‐labeled oxLDL uptake, phagocytosis of fluorescent Staphylococcus aureus bioparticles, and cell proliferation. When compared to βCD, the complex of αTP/βCD extracted cholesterol from cellular membranes with higher efficiency and was associated with the delivery of αTP to the cells. Interestingly, both, αTP and more so αTP/βCD inhibited lysosomal senescence‐associated beta‐galactosidase (SA‐β‐gal) activity and increased lysosomal pH, suggesting CD36‐mediated uptake into the endo‐lysosomal phagocytic compartment. Accordingly, the observed pH increase was more pronounced with αTP/βCD in macrophages whereas no significant increase occurred with αT, alpha‐tocopheryl acetate (αTA) or βCD. In contrast to αT and αTA, the αTP molecule is di‐anionic at neutral pH, but upon moving into the acidic endo‐lysosomal compartment becomes protonated and thus is acting as a base. Moreover, it is expected to be retained in lysosomes since it still carries one negative charge, similar to lysosomotropic drugs. Thus, treatment with αTP or αTP/βCD and/or inhibition of conversion of αTP to αT as it occurs in aged cells may counteract CD36‐mediated overlapping inflammatory, senescent, and atherosclerotic events.
Pool size measurements improve precision of flux estimates but increase sensitivity to unmodeled reactions outside the core network in isotopically nonstationary metabolic flux analysis (INST‐MFA)
Authors: Zheng Amy O. , Sher Anna , Fridman Daniel , Musante Cynthia J. , Young Jamey D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMetabolic flux analysis (MFA) involves model‐based estimation of metabolic reaction rates (i.e., fluxes) and, in some cases, metabolite content (i.e., pool sizes) from experimental measurements. Applying MFA to biological data helps determine the fate of substrates and the activity of specific pathways within metabolic networks. However, reliably estimating fluxes by using simplified “core” models to predict the dynamics of larger metabolic networks remains a challenge. One point of uncertainty relates to the advantages and potential pitfalls of including pool size measurements as experimental inputs for isotopically nonstationary MFA (INST‐MFA). Here, we directly assessed the role of pool sizes using various core models and simulated datasets. To investigate the effects of pool size measurements on INST‐MFA, we assessed the accuracy and precision of flux estimates obtained using different subsets of data (e.g., with or without pool size measurements) and simple network models that either matched or differed from the true network. The inclusion of pool size measurements provided incremental improvements to the precision of the flux estimates. However, adding pool size measurements increased the sensitivity of the flux solution to unmodeled reactions outside the core network. These results were confirmed using a large Escherichia coli model that is representative of realistic metabolic networks examined in MFA studies. Our findings indicate that accurate flux estimates can be obtained in the absence of pool size measurements, even when using core models that lack full network coverage. Addition of pool size measurements to INST‐MFA datasets may reveal the activity of non‐core reactions that influence the labeling dynamics and therefore necessitate network expansion in order to reconcile all available data to the model. Our findings also emphasize the key role that goodness‐of‐fit testing plays in assessing the quality of model fits obtained with INST‐MFA.
Friends or foes? A systematic literature review and meta‐analysis of the relationship between eco‐innovation and firm performance
Authors: Zheng Lu , Iatridis Konstantinos 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEco‐innovation has gained currency as an effective means of addressing corporate environmental impacts. Yet the literature is inconclusive as to how different types of eco‐innovation influence different types of firm performance. This is problematic, as practitioners and policymakers will not embrace eco‐innovation unless there is clear evidence that through its implementation companies can achieve returns, not only on their environmental performance but also on their economic, social and operational performance. This paper aims to improve our understanding of this relationship by conducting a meta‐analysis and drawing on a much broader sample than previous meta‐analytic efforts in this field. The paper analyses 569 effects based on 160 studies and more than 124,000 firms (
). Our results provide solid evidence of the positive impact eco‐innovation has on all types of firm performance but also highlight types of eco‐innovation that do not contribute to this relationship and the role moderators play in explaining discrepancies found in the literature.