bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabonomic identification of serum biomarkers related to heat stress tolerance of sheep
Authors: Xu Wei , Meng Zhu , Deng Jian , Sun Xinyang , Liu Tianwei , Tang Yingying , Zhang Zijun , Liu Yan , Zhu Wen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHeat stress is considered as a limiting factor for sheep production; it is necessary to screen for sheep breeds with heat tolerance. This study was to compare the serum metabolomes of Hu sheep and Dorper sheep and identify potential biomarkers related to heat stress. The results revealed that the respiratory rate, heart rate, and rectal temperature of Dorper sheep were significantly higher than those of Hu sheep. Compared to Dorper sheep, the serum activities of total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase in Hu sheep were significantly higher, while the concentration of malondialdehyde was lower. Metabolomics analysis identified 107 differential serum metabolites. The pathways enriched from the altered serum metabolites between the two breeds were mainly involved in protein metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and lipid metabolism. The levels of antioxidant‐ and energy‐related metabolites were higher in the serum of Hu sheep than that of Dorper sheep; however, the levels of lipid catabolism‐ and inflammation‐related were higher in the serum of Dorper sheep. The results indicate that Hu sheep had better heat stress resistance capability than Dorper sheep. Moreover, high levels of metabolites in the serum of Hu sheep are potential biomarkers for heat stress tolerance, including l‐methionine, s‐adenosylmethionine, and nicotinuric acid.
Long‐term effects of institutional conditions on perceived corruption – A study on organizational imprinting in post‐communist countries
Authors: Auer Thorsten , Knorr Karin , Thommes Kirsten 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we apply imprinting theory to examine how institutional transformation substantially influences perceptions of corruption that we argue to be incorporated to a varying extent in organizations founded in that period. For this purpose, we compare the effect of a sudden shock (dissolution of the Soviet Union) on the managers' present perceptions to that of a steady transition (EU accession). We consult the 5th round of the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey from 2012 to 2014 analyzing 4715 interviews with managers of organizations from twelve Central and Eastern European countries. Our results reveal striking differences in the present perception of corruption for organizations founded immediately before and immediately after these institutional transitions. The study's results contribute to the research on imprinting theory regarding the relationship between organizations and institutional conditions that constitutes a lasting effect on organizational structures. Thus, applying an institutional perspective that considers less stable periods for organizations yields a promising avenue in research on organizational behavior.
Is a third SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine dose efficient in allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplant recipients?
Authors: Spyridonidis Alexandros 
Published: December 2022

When and how often should allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation recipients be vaccinated against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is unclear. The report by Bankova et al. suggests that a third SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine dose is important but still insufficient in some patients to establish an adequate humoral response.Commentary on: Bankova et al. Antibody response to a third SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine dose in recipients of an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Br J Haematol. 2023;201:58–63
Suppression of androgen receptor signaling induces prostate cancer migration via activation of the CCL20–CCR6 axis
Authors: Kano Hiroshi , Izumi Kouji , Hiratsuka Kaoru , Toriumi Ren , Nakagawa Ryunosuke , Aoyama Shuhei , Kamijima Taiki , Shimada Takafumi , Naito Renato , Kadomoto Suguru , Iwamoto Hiroaki , Yaegashi Hiroshi , Kawaguchi Shohei , Nohara Takahiro , Shigehara Kazuyoshi , Kadono Yoshifumi , Saito Yohei , Nakagawa‐Goto Kyoko , Yoshioka Kazuaki , Nakata Hiroki , Lin Wen‐Jye , Mizokami Atsushi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe suppression of androgen receptor (AR) expression exacerbates the migration potential of prostate cancer. This study identified a previously unrecognized regulation of the AR‐controlled pathway that promotes migration potential in prostate cancer cells. Prostate cancer cells that pass through a transwell membrane (mig cells) have a higher migration potential with a decreased AR expression than parental cells. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism of migration enhancement associated with the suppression of AR signaling. Expression of C–C motif ligand 20 (CCL20) is upregulated in mig cells, unlike in the parental cells. Knockdown of AR with small interfering RNA (siAR) in LNCaP and C4‐2B cells increased CCL20 secretion and enhanced the migration of cancer cells. Mig cells, CCL20‐treated cells, and siAR cells promoted cell migration with an enhancement of AKT phosphorylation and Snail expression, while the addition of a C–C chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6, the specific receptor of CCL20) inhibitor, anti‐CCL20 antibody, and AKT inhibitor suppressed the activation of AKT and Snail. With 59 samples of prostate cancer tissue, CCL20 secretion was profuse in metastatic cases despite low AR expression levels. Snail expression was associated with the expression of CCL20 and CCR6. A xenograft study showed that the anti‐CCL20 antibody significantly inhibited Snail expression, thereby suggesting a new therapeutic approach for castration‐resistant prostate cancer with the inhibition of the axis between CCL20 and CCR6.
HNF4α is possibly the missing link between epithelial–mesenchymal transition and Warburg effect during hepatocarcinogenesis
Authors: Shokouhian Bahare , Negahdari Babak , Heydari Zahra , Totonchi Mehdi , Aboulkheyr Es Hamidreza , Piryaei Abbas , Mostafavi Ebrahim , Vosough Massoud 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a heterogeneous, late‐diagnosed, and highly recurrent malignancy that often affects the whole body's metabolism. Finding certain theranostic molecules that can address current concerns simultaneously is one of the priorities in HCC management. In this study, performing protein–protein interaction network analysis proposed hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α) as a hub protein, associating epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) to reprogrammed cancer metabolism, formerly known as the Warburg effect. Both phenomena improved the compensation of cancerous cells in competitive conditions. Mounting evidence has demonstrated that HNF4α is commonly downregulated and serves as a tumor suppressor in the HCC. Enhancing the HNF4α mRNA translation through a specific synthetic antisense long non‐coding RNA, profoundly affects both EMT and onco‐metabolic modules in HCC cells. HNF4α overexpression decreased featured mesenchymal transcription factors and improved hepatocytic function, decelerated glycolysis, accelerated gluconeogenesis, and improved dysregulated cholesterol metabolism. Moreover, HNF4α overexpression inhibited the migration, invasion, and proliferation of HCC cells and decreased metastasis rate and tumor growth in xenografted nude mice. Our findings suggest a central regulatory role for HNF4α through its broad access to a wide variety of gene promoters involved in EMT and the Warburg effect in human hepatocytes. This essential impact indicates that HNF4α may be a potential target for HCC treatment.
Midwives' knowledge and perceived barriers to screening alcohol use among pregnant women in a southwestern US state
Authors: Olusanya Olufunto A. , Greene Kaylin M. , Rossheim Matthew E. , Barry Adam E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionAlcohol consumption during pregnancy can produce multiple damaging outcomes to the foetus, commonly referred to as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). FASD represents the leading non‐genetic cause of preventable birth defects in the United States where alcohol guidelines recommend pregnant woman abstain from alcohol use. This study examined: (i) midwives' knowledge, attitude and intent to screen for prenatal alcohol use; and (ii) assessed perceived barriers to communicating alcohol‐related information.MethodsUsing an online questionnaire, data were obtained from midwives (n = 61) in a southwestern US state between March and May 2018. Descriptive statistics were used to describe midwives' knowledge, attitude, intent and perceived barriers.ResultsSeveral midwives considered one alcoholic beverage per occasion to be safe for the foetus (20.3%), some thought alcohol was safe during the 3rd trimester (14.8%) only and few thought it was safe in all trimesters. Many midwives (63.3%) were unaware that the TWEAK and T‐ACE were validated alcohol screening tools for pregnant women. Furthermore, most midwives (>50%) agreed that limited time with patients, a need for additional training and lack of information on referral resources interfered with their sharing of alcohol abstinence guidelines. Midwives reported highly favourable attitudes and intentions toward sharing alcohol abstinence messages with their pregnant patients.Discussion and ConclusionsMore in‐depth research and larger samples are needed to explore barriers (knowledge gaps, limited time with patients, need for additional training) that hinder midwives' dissemination of abstinence messages to pregnant women and limit the uptake of validated alcohol screening tools.
Does the design of the NHS Low‐Calorie Diet Programme have fidelity to the programme specification? A documentary review of service parameters and behaviour change content in a type 2 diabetes intervention
Authors: Evans Tamla S. , Dhir Pooja , Radley Duncan , Duarte Cristiana , Keyworth Chris , Homer Catherine , Hill Andy J. , Hawkes Rhiannon , Matu Jamie , McKenna James , Ells Louisa J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundNHS England commissioned four independent service providers to pilot low‐calorie diet programmes to drive weight loss, improve glycaemia and potentially achieve remission of Type 2 Diabetes across 10 localities. Intervention fidelity might contribute to programme success. Previous research has illustrated a drift in fidelity in the design and delivery of other national diabetes programmes.Aims(1) To describe and compare the programme designs across the four service providers; (2) To assess the fidelity of programme designs to the NHS England service specification.MethodsThe NHS England service specification documents and each provider's programme design documents were double‐coded for key intervention content using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication Framework and the Behaviour Change Technique (BCT) Taxonomy.ResultsThe four providers demonstrated fidelity to most but not all of the service parameters stipulated in the NHS England service specification. Providers included between 74% and 87% of the 23 BCTs identified in the NHS specification. Twelve of these BCTs were included by all four providers; two BCTs were consistently absent. An additional seven to 24 BCTs were included across providers.ConclusionsA loss of fidelity for some service parameters and BCTs was identified across the provider's designs; this may have important consequences for programme delivery and thus programme outcomes. Furthermore, there was a large degree of variation between providers in the presence and dosage of additional BCTs. How these findings relate to the fidelity of programme delivery and variation in programme outcomes and experiences across providers will be examined.
The long‐run investment effect of taxation in OECD countries
Authors: Madsen Jakob B. , Minniti Antonio , Venturini Francesco 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe gradually changing nature of production and the move away from tangible investment towards intangible investment over the past century suggest that the effects of the tax structure on investment need to be reassessed. To address this issue, we establish an endogenous growth model in which investment in tangible assets, R&D and education are influenced by different types of taxes. We test the long‐run implications of the model using annual data for 21 OECD countries over the period 1890–2015. We find that corporate income taxes reduce investment in tangible assets and R&D. However, while personal income taxes reduce investment in tertiary education, they enhance investment in R&D. Thus a revenue‐neutral switch from corporate to personal income taxes is growth enhancing.
Dysphagia in hospitalized patients: Prevalence, related factors and impact on aspiration pneumonia and mortality
Authors: Bosch Guillermo , Comas Mercè , Domingo Laia , Guillen‐Sola Anna , Duarte Esther , Castells Xavier , Sala Maria 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundOropharyngeal dysphagia can be highly concerning in hospitalized patients, increasing morbidity and mortality, making its early identification essential. We aimed to characterize dysphagia and its association with aspiration pneumonia and mortality in a tertiary hospital in Barcelona, Spain.MethodsUsing data from all hospital discharges during the period 2018–2021, we identified the characteristics of patients with dysphagia and their distribution among hospital departments through the minimum data set, which codifies patients' diagnoses according to the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision (ICD‐10). We used logistic regression models to assess the association between dysphagia, aspiration pneumonia and mortality.ResultsDysphagia was present in 2.4% of all hospital discharges and was more frequent in older patients and in men. The diagnoses most frequently associated with dysphagia were aspiration pneumonia (48.2%) and stroke (14%). Higher prevalence of dysphagia was found in the acute geriatric unit (10.3%), neurology (7.6%) and internal medicine (7.5%) wards. Dysphagia was associated with aspiration pneumonia, aOR = 8.04 (95%CI, 6.31–10.25), and independently increased the odds of death among hospitalized patients, aOR = 1.43 (95%CI, 1.19–1.73).ConclusionsWe conclude that dysphagia is a prevalent and transversal condition, increasing the risk of mortality in all patients, and efforts should be intensified to increase its early detection and correct management.
Mountains and their ecotones increase landscape heterogeneity and maintain a unique assemblage of grasshoppers in the southern Kalahari
Authors: van der Mescht Aileen C. , Codron Daryl 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSouth Africa is a megadiverse country. Here, natural communities are unevenly distributed across, and within, seven distinct biomes. In such heterogeneous landscapes, understanding spatial patterns of biodiversity is essential for planning and implementing efficient conservation measures.The southern Kalahari, forming part of South Africa's savanna biome, is an arid region of peculiarly high diversity and endemism. The responses of orthopteran assemblages to changing environmental conditions across the Kalahari were investigated by comparing alpha and beta diversity levels across discrete vegetation types in the Tswalu Kalahari Reserve. The degree of association between species and specific vegetation types were also studied and how a key life history trait ‐ dispersal ability – influences community composition was determined.This study identified 46 grasshopper species within the reserve, which compares well with richness levels in other more productive habitats of the country. Local (alpha) diversity was higher in mountain and mountain‐ecotone sites versus vegetation types on the plains, and species turnover was also exceptionally high – approaching 100% ‐ across these two groups. The few (3) dispersal limited species recovered were associated only with the mountain‐ecotone group, with emergent dominance patterns suggesting that competitive rather than dispersal abilities determine the species composition of unique assemblages in the landscape.Topology plays a key role in maintaining spatial diversity across the southern Kalahari landscape. Mountains, and their ecotones, promote not only species turnover, but also richness and functional diversity. These can be viewed as islands of diversity, and should be targeted priority areas for conservation beyond the boundaries of protected areas.
Geology, climate, and hydrochemistry shape the spatial patterns of multiple diversity facets and functional traits of fishes
Authors: Huang Xiaoxia , Kang Bin , Lin Li , Huang Liangliang , Hu Wenxian , Lin Hungdu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn a large river with significant environmental variations in space (i.e., microhabitat) or over time (i.e., seasonality and/or long‐term trend), discovering the spatial changes in fish diversity, distributions, and functional traits would provide an important foundation for the understanding of ecosystem structure and function. In the Pearl River in China, three datasets as fish distribution, species functional traits, and environmental variables were constructed and sorted to (1) test the relationships between and congruence of taxonomic diversity, functional diversity, and phylogenetic diversity by a randomisation procedure, (2) map the spatial pattern of diversity and the correlation to environmental variables by maximal information coefficient, and (3) determine the fish traits tendency under environmental changes by the fourth‐corner method. The Pearl River possesses the highest fish richness among all the rivers in China, with 438 freshwater fish species including 119 cave species. At basin scale, phylogenetic diversity showed faster change than functional diversity, suggesting a little divergence of functional traits despite high phenotypic or genetic diversity across species, as parallel evolution. However, at a small scale, when only considering cave fishes, the variation rate of species traits was faster than that of species increase, as evolutionary radiation in a variety of microhabitats. For all three aspects of diversity, random permutation tests confirmed that congruence values in each grid cell were significantly different from the random expectations. Besides widely accepted variables such as altitude, precipitation, and slope concerned with fish biogeography, hydrochemical variables showed influential impacts on the morphological and growth traits of fishes in the Pearl River characterised by the dominance of the karst habitat.
In chronic lymphocytic leukemia, activation of the thrombopoietin receptor promotes T‐cell inhibitory properties, contributing to immunosuppression
Authors: Ringelstein‐Harlev Shimrit , Fanadka Mona , Horowitz Netanel A. , Bettman Noam P. , Katz Tami 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the immune system is skewed towards a suppressive milieu. Levels of thrombopoietin (TPO), promoting cellular immune regulatory activity in immune thrombocytopenic purpura, were shown to be elevated in CLL patients. This study explored TPO as a potential immunomodulator, supporting CLL progression. We evaluated CLL cell‐induced expression of TPO receptor (TPO‐R) on T‐cells and effects of its activation on T‐cell responses. CLL cell involvement in TPO generation was also assessed. Baseline TPO‐R expression on CD4 + T‐cells was found to be higher in CLL patients than in healthy controls (HC). Exposure of HC‐T‐cells to B‐cells, especially to CLL‐B‐cells stimulated with B‐cell activating molecules, resulted in enhanced TPO‐R expression on T‐cells. CLL‐T‐cell stimulation with TPO reduced their proliferation and expanded the regulatory T‐cell (Treg) population. At baseline, phosphorylation of STAT5, known to impact the Treg phenotype, was elevated in CLL‐T‐cells relative to those of HC. Exposure to TPO further enhanced STAT5 phosphorylation in CLL‐T‐cells, possibly driving the observed Treg expansion. The CLL immune milieu is involved in promotion of inhibitory features in T‐cells through increased TPO‐R levels and TPO‐induced intracellular signaling. TPO and its signaling pathway could potentially support immunosuppression in CLL, and may emerge as novel therapeutic targets.
Effect of high‐frequency trading on mutual fund performance
Authors: Qin Nan , Singal Vijay 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe find that high‐frequency trading (HFT) in stocks held by mutual funds negatively affects fund performance: when sorted by HFT intensity of holdings, funds in the top quintile underperform funds in the bottom quintile by 2.64% per year. The negative relation can be at least partially explained by the illiquidity premium induced by high‐frequency traders’ preference for more liquid stocks. This reason for underperformance of mutual funds has not been previously explored or documented. In addition, we do not find evidence to support the concern that HFT raises trading costs of mutual funds.
HISTORY AS ANTIDOTE: THE ARGUMENT FOR DOCUMENTATION IN DIGITAL HISTORY
Authors: MORREALE LAURA K. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTThe ephemeral nature of computer‐enabled historical work is a well‐documented concern within the field of history. The quick pace of technological change often renders digital scholarship obsolete, which in turn encourages historians to retreat to the stable and durable comfort of print, even as digital methodologies enrich our research and expand the audience for it. What has been missing so far in the conversation about digital history is a clear understanding of how it differs from traditional historical products, what can be gained from it, and how we might document the work undertaken using these machine‐based methodologies. Because it is best understood as a process rather than as a product, digital history must have a history of its own to tether it to the scholarly community and to ensure that it endures past the active phase of any project. This article argues that digital historians should catalog their work using a normalized template following the Digital Documentation Process, a guide for producing documentation that is suitable for computer‐based historical scholarship and tailored to its specific parameters. Self‐documentation is beneficial to those who create digital history and those who consume it. It is urgent to establish a field‐wide expectation that digital history will be consistently documented as a matter of course, lest we lose scholarship that has already been produced and forgo the enormous opportunities that computer‐enabled methodologies offer to historians.