bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional profiling of transport mechanisms and regulatory pathways in rat choroid plexus
Authors: Andreassen Søren N. , Toft-Bertelsen Trine L. , Wardman Jonathan H. , Villadsen Rene , MacAulay Nanna 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundDysregulation of brain fluid homeostasis associates with brain pathologies in which fluid accumulation leads to elevated intracranial pressure. Surgical intervention remains standard care, since specific and efficient pharmacological treatment options are limited for pathologies with disturbed brain fluid homeostasis. Such lack of therapeutic targets originates, in part, from the incomplete map of the molecular mechanisms underlying cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) secretion by the choroid plexus.MethodsThe transcriptomic profile of rat choroid plexus was generated by RNA Sequencing (RNAseq) of whole tissue and epithelial cells captured by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), and compared to proximal tubules. The bioinformatic analysis comprised mapping to reference genome followed by filtering for type, location, and association with alias and protein function. The transporters and associated regulatory modules were arranged in discovery tables according to their transcriptional abundance and tied together in association network analysis.ResultsThe transcriptomic profile of choroid plexus displays high similarity between sex and species (human, rat, and mouse) and lesser similarity to another secretory epithelium, the proximal tubules. The discovery tables provide lists of transport mechanisms that could participate in CSF secretion and suggest regulatory candidates.ConclusionsWith quantification of the transport protein abundance in choroid plexus and their potentially linked regulatory modules, we envision a molecular tool to devise rational hypotheses regarding future delineation of choroidal transport proteins involved in CSF secretion and their regulation. Our vision is to obtain pharmaceutical targets towards modulation of CSF production in pathologies involving disturbed brain water dynamics.
Photoreceptors generate neuronal diversity in their target field through a Hedgehog morphogen gradient in Drosophila
Authors: Bostock Matthew P. , Prasad Anadika R. , Donoghue Alicia , Fernandes Vilaiwan M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDefining the origin of neuronal diversity is a major challenge in developmental neurobiology. The Drosophila visual system is an excellent paradigm to study how cellular diversity is generated. Photoreceptors from the eye disc grow their axons into the optic lobe and secrete Hedgehog (Hh) to induce the lamina, such that for every unit eye there is a corresponding lamina unit made up of post-mitotic precursors stacked into columns. Each differentiated column contains five lamina neuron types (L1-L5), making it the simplest neuropil in the optic lobe, yet how this diversity is generated was unknown. Here, we found that Hh pathway activity is graded along the distal-proximal axis of lamina columns and further determined that this gradient in pathway activity arises from a gradient of Hh ligand. We manipulated Hh pathway activity cell-autonomously in lamina precursors and non-cell autonomously by inactivating the Hh ligand, and by knocking it down in photoreceptors. These manipulations showed that different thresholds of activity specify unique cell identities, with more proximal cell types specified in response to progressively lower Hh levels. Thus, our data establish that Hh acts as a morphogen to pattern the lamina. Although, this is the first such report during Drosophila nervous system development, our work uncovers a remarkable similarity with the vertebrate neural tube, which is patterned by Sonic Hedgehog. Altogether, we show that differentiating neurons can regulate the neuronal diversity of their distant target fields through morphogen gradients.
HIV-1 Vpu restricts Fc-mediated effector functions in vivo
Authors: Prévost Jérémie , Anand Sai Priya , Rajashekar Jyothi Krishnaswamy , Richard Jonathan , Goyette Guillaume , Medjahed Halima , Gendron-Lepage Gabrielle , Chen Hung-Ching , Chen Yaozong , Horwitz Joshua A. , Grunst Michael W. , Zolla-Pazner Susan , Haynes Barton F. , Burton Dennis R. , Flavell Richard A. , Kirchhoff Frank , Hahn Beatrice H. , Smith Amos B. , Pazgier Marzena , Nussenzweig Michel C. , Kumar Priti , Finzi Andrés 
Published: February 2022

SUMMARYNon-neutralizing antibodies (nnAbs) can eliminate HIV-1-infected cells via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and were identified as a correlate of protection in the RV144 vaccine trial. Fc-mediated effector functions of nnAbs were recently shown to alter the course of HIV-1 infection in vivo using a vpu-defective virus. Since Vpu is known to downregulate cell surface CD4, which triggers conformational changes in the viral envelope glycoprotein (Env), we ask whether the lack of Vpu expression was linked to the observed nnAbs activity. We found that restoring Vpu expression greatly reduces nnAb recognition of infected cells, rendering them resistant to ADCC responses. Moreover, administration of a nnAb in humanized mice reduces viral loads only in animals infected with a vpu-defective but not with a wildtype virus. Finally, nnAb Fc-effector functions are observed only on cells expressing Env in the “open” conformation. This work highlights the importance of Vpu-mediated evasion of humoral responses.
A model for the propagation of seizure activity in normal brain tissue
Authors: Depannemaecker Damien , Carlu Mallory , Bouté Jules , Destexhe Alain 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEpilepsies are characterized by paroxysmal electrophysiological events and seizures, which can propagate across the brain. One of the main unsolved questions in epilepsy is how epileptic activity can invade normal tissue and thus propagate across the brain. To investigate this question, we propose three computational models at the neural network scale to study the underlying dynamics of seizure propagation, understand which specific features play a role, and relate them to clinical or experimental observations. We consider both the internal connectivity structure between neurons and the input properties in our characterization. We show that a paroxysmal input is sometimes controlled by the network while in other instances, it can entrain the network activity to itself produce paroxysmal activity, and thus will further propagate to efferent networks. We further show how the details of the network architecture are essential to determine this switch to a seizure-like regime. We investigated the nature of the instability involved and in particular found a central role for the inhibitory connectivity.We propose a probabilistic approach to the propagative/non-propagative scenarios, which may serve as a guide to control the seizure by using appropriate stimuli.SignificanceOur computational study shows the specific role that the inhibitory population can have and the possible dynamics regarding the propagation of seizure-like behavior in three different neuronal networks. We find that both structural and dynamical aspects are important to determine whether seizure activity invades the network.We show the existence of a specific time window favorable to the reversal of the seizure propagation by appropriate stimuli.
AFM Microfluidic Cantilevers as Weight Sensors for Live Single Cell Mass Measurements
Authors: Chien Chen-Chi , Jiang Jiaxin , Gong Bin , Li Tao , Gaitas Angelo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractReliably measuring small mass changes at the single-cell level is challenging. In this manuscript, we report the use of microfluidic cantilevers in liquid with sub-nanogram scale weight sensing capability for the measurement of cellular mass changes of living single cells. With this instrumentation, we were able to perform fast mass measurements within 3 minutes. We show results of mass measurements of polystyrene and metal beads of various sizes (smallest weight measured at 280 ± 95 pg) and live single-cell mass measurements in a physiologically relevant environment. We also performed finite element analysis to simulate and optimize the structural design and materials of cantilevers. Our simulation results indicate that using polymer materials, such as SU8 and polyimide, could improve the minimal detectable mass by 3-fold compared to conventional silicon cantilevers. The simulations also suggest that smaller dimensions of length, width, and thickness would improve the mass detection capability of microfluidic cantilevers.
Microglia reactivity entails microtubule remodeling from acentrosomal to centrosomal arrays
Authors: Rosito Maria , Sanchini Caterina , Gosti Giorgio , Moreno Manuela , De Panfilis Simone , Giubettini Maria , Debellis Doriana , Catalano Federico , Peruzzi Giovanna , Marotta Roberto , Indrieri Alessia , De Leonibus Elvira , De Stefano Maria Egle , Ragozzino Davide , Ruocco Giancarlo , Di Angelantonio Silvia , Bartolini Francesca 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMicroglia reactivity entails a large-scale remodeling of cellular geometry, but the role of the microtubule cytoskeleton during these changes remains unexplored. Here we show that reactive proinflammatory microglia provide a heretofore unique example of microtubule reorganization from a non-centrosomal array of parallel and stable microtubules to a radial array of more dynamic microtubules. While in the homeostatic state microglia nucleate microtubules at Golgi outposts, proinflammatory signaling induces recruitment of nucleating material nearby the centrosome and inhibition of centrosomal maturation enhances NLRP3 inflammasome activation and secretion of IL-1β. Our results demonstrate that a hallmark of microglia reactivity is a striking remodeling of the microtubule cytoskeleton and suggest that pericentrosomal microtubule nucleation may serve as a distinct marker of microglia activation as well as a novel target to modulate cytokine-mediated inflammatory responses in chronic disease and tissue injury.
Activation of Nedd4L Ubiquitin Ligase by FCHO2-generated Membrane Curvature
Authors: Sakamoto Yasuhisa , Uezu Akiyoshi , Kikuchi Koji , Suetsugu Shiro , Nakanishi Hiroyuki 
Published: February 2022

SUMMARYThe C2-WW-HECT domain ubiquitin ligase Nedd4L regulates sorting in endocytosis by mediating ubiquitination of cargo molecules, such as the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). Defects in ENaC ubiquitination cause Liddle syndrome, a hereditary hypertension. Nedd4L is catalytically autoinhibited by an intramolecular interaction between the C2 and HECT domains, but the activation mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we show that Nedd4L is activated by membranes sculpted by FCHO2, a Bin-Amphiphysin-Rsv (BAR) domain protein that regulates endocytosis. We found that FCHO2 was required for Nedd4L-mediated ubiquitination and endocytosis of ENaC. Nedd4L co-localized with FCHO2 at clathrin-coated pits where it likely became activated. Nedd4L was specifically recruited to and activated by the FCHO2 BAR domain exogenously expressed in cells. Furthermore, we reconstitutedin vitroFCHO2-induced recruitment and activation of Nedd4L. Both the recruitment and activation were mediated by membrane curvature rather than protein–protein interactions. The Nedd4L C2 domain recognized a specific degree of membrane curvature that was generated by the FCHO2 BAR domain. Consequently, this curvature activated Nedd4L by relieving autoinhibition. Thus, we show for the first time a specific functionality (i.e., recruitment and activation of an enzyme regulating cargo sorting) of membrane curvature by a BAR domain protein.
Early evidence of leadership skills and strategies in managing the impact of COVID-19 pandemic in the hospitality industry
Authors: Hahang Evelyne , Bayraktar Secil , Jiménez Alfredo 
Published: February 2022

PurposeGiven the critical consequences of the current Coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis worldwide, displaying good leadership has been of utmost importance. Hospitality has been among the industries that have been hit the hardest by the pandemic, and it requires exceptional leadership skills unique to this crisis and sector. This multi-country study aims to contribute to the understanding of some of the most important skills and strategies that leaders in the hospitality industry may use to navigate the COVID-19 crisis effectively.Design/methodology/approachThis paper employs a qualitative study. Semi-structured interviews are conducted with managers of international hospitality groups or local hotel chains in seven different countries.FindingsThe results show that positive thinking, decision-making, flexibility, divergent thinking, trust-building and communication skills have a positive impact on leadership effectiveness in the hospitality sector during the pandemic. Besides, saving payroll costs, elaborating contingency plans and leveraging from partners' strengths are highlighted as crucial strategies.Practical implicationsThis paper provides hospitality professionals across borders preliminary insights and recommendations to manage the COVID-19 crisis.Originality/valueEspecially being one of the sectors that have been hit the hardest by the COVID-19 crisis worldwide, the dynamics and leadership requirements of the hospitality sector need further attention. The findings contribute to the literature by illustrating how managers have navigated the initial stages of the crisis in the under-researched hotel sector, and also by gathering evidence about the sector dynamics related to the early stages of this crisis.
Board diversity and firm innovation: a meta-analysis
Authors: Makkonen Teemu 
Published: February 2022

PurposeIt is commonly stated that increased board diversity leads to the heightened financial performance of firms via the impact that it can have on innovation, but the latter association has, thus far, remained empirically controversial. The aim of this paper is to shed light on this unresolved debate and gap in the literature via studying different types of diversity.Design/methodology/approachA meta-analysis was conducted on the existing empirical evidence on the topic to show whether such an association exists and compare cognitive (expertise and experience) and demographic diversity (gender, nationality and racial/ethnic).FindingsThe results show that there is indeed a positive and statistically significant association between board diversity and firm innovation. This association is driven more by cognitive diversity of the board members than by demographic diversity.Research limitations/implicationsPotential publication bias, heterogeneity in the quality of the existing studies and the diversity in operationalising innovation and board diversity remain as limitations to this meta-analysis.Practical implicationsInstead of focussing on selecting board members based on demographic (surface-level) diversity, selections should be based on the interplay of the experience, expertise and background demographic characteristics of the potential candidates. Otherwise, the minority members might face a “token” status.Originality/valueThe results of this paper suggest that there is a positive association between board diversity and firm innovation. Future research should examine why this link exists. Therefore, the paper concludes with a research agenda for the benefit of potential further studies.
Conflict during the day keeps you unbalanced at night: a daily investigation of work task conflict, coworker support and work-family balance
Authors: Wan Min (Maggie) , Zhang Yejun , Shaffer Margaret A. , Li Mingze , Zhang Guanglei 
Published: February 2022

PurposeDrawing on job demands-resources theory (Bakker and Demerouti, 2017) and conservation of resources theory (Hobfoll, 1989), this study aims to investigate the roles of work task conflict and coworker support in the experience of daily work-family balance. In particular, this study theorizes work-family balance as a higher-order construct, including both psychological (work-family balance satisfaction) and social (work-family balance effectiveness) dimensions.Design/methodology/approachThe authors tested the proposed model using daily diary survey data collected from 50 full-time corporate employees across five consecutive workdays in a week. The hypotheses were tested using multilevel modeling analyses.FindingsAnalyses show that work task conflict impedes employees’ work-family balance on a daily basis. Results also support the moderating role of coworker support, such that the negative relationship between work task conflict and work-family balance is weaker when coworker support is high.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the literature by considering work-family balance as a higher-order construct. Further, this research advances theoretical knowledge of the interpersonal predictors of work-family balance. This study also expands previous work by examining the dynamic relationships between interpersonal events and work-family balance.
“Buslish” in East and Southeast Asian business – a role for continuing education
Authors: Foster Morris John , Richardson Christopher 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThe aim of the research, in the East and Southeast Asia context, is to explore the advantages and problems of Buslish (business facilitation English) for managers and to generate suggestions for maximising the use of Buslish as a critical resource in organisational effectiveness, including potential educational support and its required technology.Design/methodology/approachData aimed to explore the issue were collected from a multi-country sample of 31 non-native English speakers, using a semi-structured questionnaire, plus in-depth interviews (10) with some respondents. Data were analysed using a mixture of descriptive statistics and logical argumentation.FindingsThe authors found a strong agreement that Buslish is important in the chosen setting, but there are problems in practice. Views on the importance of style and precision of the language actually used varied considerably. A key practical implication is that there is a role for English continuing professional development (CPD) courses.Practical implicationsFirms should support the development of English language skills of employees, certainly at management level and perhaps also at shop floor level. Suitable courses could be offered in firms' CPD programmes. Employees who are native speakers should be encouraged to enunciate clearly for non-native speaker colleagues, not to use slang and not to speak too quickly. While the authors encourage the use of contemporary communication technologies (e.g. virtual classrooms), they maintain that these should be supplementary in nature, supporting, rather than replacing, face-to-face learning formats.Originality/valueA key aspect of the originality of the work is derived from the specific location, primary data collected and the creative nexus of the initial issue and its educational requirements, including technologies.
Multinational enterprises’ internationalization and adoption of sustainable development goals
Authors: DasGupta Ranjan , Kumar Satish , Pathak Rajesh 
Published: February 2022

PurposeUsing a sample of 1,517 multinational enterprises (MNEs) from 25 countries, this study aims to examine whether firm’s level of internationalization has a deterministic role for their engagement with sustainable development goals (SDGs). Additionally, this study aims to investigate the country- and industry-specific moderation effects on the relationship.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs negative binomial regression model along with the fixed effects for industry and time in the empirical estimation.FindingsThis study shows that MNEs’ internationalization is associated with their higher engagement in SDGs. This is owing to the pressures MNEs face from diverse stakeholders coupled with the need to build local legitimacy to overcome the liability of foreignness. The country-level results of this study suggest that this positive relation is stronger in countries with weak legal environment, countries with weak investor protection and in countries with higher SDG index scores. However, the industry-level results of this study indicate that the positive relation between MNEs internationalization and their SDG engagement are weaker in industries facing more competition and industries exposed to negative externalities. The results survive to controls for factors specific to firm and industry.Originality/valueThis study is one of the early studies which empirically examine the role of MNE internationalization and SDG engagement. Also, the findings of this study improve the understanding on country-specific and industry-specific challenges in implementing SDGs.
Motion optimization of an omnidirectional mobile robot with MY wheel based on contact mechanics
Authors: Ye Changlong , Sun Yingxin , Yu Suyang , Ding Jian , Jiang Chunying 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
The mechanical properties between wheel and ground will affect the motion performance of wheeled omnidirectional mobile robot (OMR). MY3 wheel is an omnidirectional wheel. This paper aims to analyze the contact mechanical characteristics between MY3 wheel and ground to improve the motion accuracy of an omnidirectional mobile platform with MY3 wheel (MY3-OMR).

Design/methodology/approach
This method takes MY3 wheel as the research objective. The normal and tangential contact mechanics model and rolling contact mechanics model of MY3 wheel are established by analyzing the structure of MY3 wheel, and thereby, the slip ratio of MY3 wheel in the process of motion is calculated. The kinematics model of MY3-OMR is optimized by taking the slip ratio as the optimization parameter that aims to improve motion accuracy of MY3-OMR.

Findings
The correctness of the mechanical analysis and the feasibility of the method are verified by the MY3-OMR prototype. Let MY3-OMR move along the set circular trajectory and square trajectory, and the error between the motion trajectory before and after optimization and the standard trajectory is obtained. It illustrates that the error in the square trajectory is reduced by 1.5%, and the circular trajectory error is reduced by 2%; therefore, the method is effective.

Originality/value
A method based on contact mechanics is proposed and verified. Through the establishment of wheel-ground contact mechanics model to optimize MY3-OMR kinematics model, and thereby, the motion accuracy of MY3-OMR is improved, which lays a foundation for MY3-OMR engineering application.
The pragmatics of weeding
Authors: Van der Veer Martens Betsy 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to investigate the language of “weeding” (library deselection) within public library collection development policies in order to examine whether such policies and practices can be usefully connected to library and information science (LIS) theory, specifically to “Deweyan pragmatic adaptation” as suggested by Buschman (2017) in the pages of this journal.Design/methodology/approachThis is a policy analysis of collection deselection policies from the 50 public libraries serving US state capitals, using Bacchi’s policy problem representation technique.Findings“Weeding” as described by these public library collection deselection policies is clearly pragmatic and oriented to increasing circulation to patrons, but the “Deweyan pragmatic adaptation” as reflected by many of those reviewed might better be defined as the pragmatism of Melvil Dewey rather than that of John Dewey.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough this work reviewed policies from a very small sample of US public libraries, collection, selection and deselection language as shown in the policies studied appear to be consistent with neoliberal priorities and values in terms of prioritizing “circulation” and “customers,” which may have additional implications for the current transition from print to electronic materials in public librariesOriginality/valueJohn Dewey’s political philosophy and Carol Bacchi’s policy problem representation technique have not been widely used in policy analysis by LIS researchers, and this paper offers a number of suggestions for similar public library policy investigations.