bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Who shall succeed? An examination of manager overconfidence and CEO selection
Authors: Li Lin , Tong Wilson H. S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBy categorizing managerial confidence attributes into overconfidence, rationality and diffidence with the methodology used in the finance literature, we investigate how company boards strategically select chief executive officer (CEO) replacements from the senior management pool with different confidence attributes. In normal retirements, company boards tend to select succeeding managers with the same confidence attribute as retiring CEOs. If boards fire company CEOs, they tend to select rational successors irrespective of the confidence attributes of the ousted CEOs. Such board inclination of picking rational successors also occurs when corporate operation is at the recession stage or corporate strategy is changed surrounding succession. The evidence indicates that the managerial confidence attribute is an important consideration of the board in the CEO selection process and that the board deliberately selects the CEO with a certain attribute to move the firm in a planned direction.
Methods to assess tooth gingival thickness and diagnose gingival phenotypes: A systematic review
Authors: Wang Jiangyue , Cha Sa , Zhao Qing , Bai Ding 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveMeasurement of the periodontal soft tissue dimension is crucial for clinical decision‐making and aesthetic prognosis. However, the effectiveness of different measuring methods remains unclear. This systematic review aimed to explore the diagnostic accuracy of two non‐invasive methods (namely CBCT and ultrasound) for gingival thickness measurement at different tooth positions.Materials and methodsA systematic search was performed using PubMed (including Medline), PubMed Central, OVID, Cochrane Library, LILACS and OpenGrey. Studies focusing on comparisons between CBCT, ultrasound and direct transgingival probing were included. The means, SDs and correlation coefficients with 95% confidence intervals were extracted and analyzed using Review Manager and R software.ResultsTwelve studies were selected. No significant difference was found between CBCT measurement and transgingival probing in the anterior and posterior dentition, and a moderate correlation was observed between these two methods (r = 0.41). A weak correlation was found between ultrasound measurement and transgingival probing (r = 0.32), and a slight but statistically significant difference was found when comparing ultrasonic devices and transgingival probing in the posterior area.ConclusionCBCT can be considered a relatively reliable method for gingival thickness measurement in both the anterior and posterior areas compared with direct probing. Ultrasonic devices provide limited accuracy in the posterior area but are relatively comparable with direct clinical assessments in the anterior area.Clinical significanceMeasurement location may affect the diagnostic accuracy and repeatability of gingival thickness measurements. Appropriate method selection in different clinical scenarios is crucial to aesthetic outcome prediction and decision‐making.
Enhanced antimicrobial effectiveness of synergistic mixtures of rambutan peel extract and cinnamon essential oil on food spoilage bacteria and bio‐based food packaging
Authors: Khanoonkon Nattaporn , Rugthaworn Prapassorn , Kongsin Kunat , Sukyai Prakit , Harnkarnsujarit Nathdanai , Sothornvit Rungsinee , Chollakup Rungsima , Sukatta Udomlak 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis research aims to enhance antimicrobial activity of rambutan peel extract (RPE), by mixing with cinnamon essential oil (CEO). The mixture of RPE and CEO with different weight ratios (10:0, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, 3:7, 2:8, 1:9, and 0:10) had been prepared and the antimicrobial efficacy was tested. Nine strains of bacteria: Gram‐positive bacteria (Bacillus sp., Enterococcus faecalis, Leuconostoc sp., Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus sp.) and Gram‐negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Salmonella typhimurium) were selected as the representative of pathogenic and food spoilage bacteria. Mixing RPE with CEO in a ratio of 5:5 showed the best synergistic effect against those bacteria. Addition of RPE/CEO in a weight ratio of 5:5 improved the antimicrobial activity of whey protein isolated (WPI) films, and enhanced strength, stiffness, and water resistance of the film.
Two Cheers for RRBM, Pasteur’s Quadrant, and an Application of RRBM to the Commercialization of Science and Technology Transfer
Authors: Siegel Donald S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this essay, I present my perspective on the Responsible Research in Business and Management (RRBM) movement, which is a timely and important initiative. I connect RRBM to previous debates about the nature and value of basic research and the role of key institutions, such as universities and federal/national labs, and show how RRBM is consistent with ‘Pasteur’s Quadrant’ of ‘use‐inspired basic research’. Next, I demonstrate how RRBM principles can be applied to the study of the commercialization of science and technology transfer. My only reservations about RRBM are its overemphasis on social problems, the opportunity costs associated with deflecting attention away from more pressing managerial problems, and concern that we need to be mindful of work and expertise in other disciplines that more directly address public policy issues.
Antimicrobial potential of natural deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Al-Akayleh F. , Khalid R.M. , Hawash D. , Al-Kaissi E. , Al-Adham I.S.I , Al-Muhtaseb N. , Jaber N. , Al-Remawi M. , Collier P.J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) are a new class of green solvents, which can solubilize natural and synthetic chemicals of low water solubility. NADES are mixtures of two or three compounds of hydrogen bond acceptors and hydrogen bond donors. Many NADES’ components are of natural origin and therefore, NADES are presumed to be nontoxic and often exhibit antimicrobial activity. This work aimed to investigate the potential antimicrobial effect of menthol, capric acid and Solutol™, and their associated eutectic system on two Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633), two Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027) and one fungus (the yeast Candida albicans ATCC 10231). The results obtained showed a stronger antimicrobial effect for the NADES when compared to their individual components and that they exhibit a promising antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and C. albicans and good activity against P. aeruginosa. NADES exhibited no observable antimicrobial activity against spore-forming B. subtilis.
Mountain railway alignment optimization integrating layouts of large‐scale auxiliary construction projects
Authors: Song Taoran , Pu Hao , Schonfeld Paul , Liang Zhu , Zhang Ming , Hu Jianping , Zhou Yuhui , Xu Zhanjun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMountain railway alignment design is an important but complex civil engineering problem. To overcome the drastically undulating terrain, long tunnels and high bridges are major structures used along a mountain railway, which poses great challenges for railway design and construction. Unfortunately, despite being studied for many years, the crucial construction factors of complex structures have received slight attention in alignment optimization. In this paper, for the first time, the layout of large‐scale auxiliary construction projects (LACPs), including tunnel shafts and access roads, is incorporated into the alignment design process in order to consider construction practicability and economy. Primarily, an alignment–LACPs concurrent optimization model is built. After defining the comprehensive design variables, the alignment–LACPs total construction cost is formulated as the objective function. Besides, the separate constraints for designing the alignment and LACPs are considered. Also, a construction duration computation is proposed for constraining the alignment–LACPs integration. To solve the model, a four‐step hybrid solution method is developed. Specifically, the alignment is first generated with a particle swarm optimization (PSO). Afterward, a new divide and conquer approach is devised to search for shaft alternatives along the alignment. Then, a customized Dijkstra algorithm is developed to search for complex access roads. Finally, a novel polynomial mechanism for time‐varying acceleration coefficients (TVAC) is designed for PSO to evolve the alignment–LACPs solutions. The above model and methods have been applied to two complex actual mountain railway examples. Their effectiveness is demonstrated through detailed analysis of resulting railway solutions and control experiments with contemporary TVAC‐based methods.
Genetically‐determined variations in photosynthesis indicate roles for specific fatty acid species in chilling responses
Authors: Hoh Donghee , Horn Patrick J. , Kanazawa Atsuko , Froehilch John , Cruz Jeffrey , Tessmer Oliver L. , Hall David , Yin Lina , Benning Christoph , Kramer David M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUsing a population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) cowpea (Vigna unguiculata. L. Walp), we tested for co‐linkages between lipid contents and chilling responses of photosynthesis. Under low‐temperature conditions (19°C/13°C, day/night), we observed co‐linkages between quantitative trait loci intervals for photosynthetic light reactions and specific fatty acids, most strikingly, the thylakoid‐specific fatty acid 16:1Δ3trans found exclusively in phosphatidylglycerol (PG 16:1t). By contrast, we did not observe co‐associations with bulk polyunsaturated fatty acids or high‐melting‐point‐PG (sum of PG 16:0, PG 18:0 and PG 16:1t) previously thought to be involved in chilling sensitivity. These results suggest that in cowpea, chilling sensitivity is modulated by specific lipid interactions rather than bulk properties. We were able to recapitulate the predicted impact of PG 16:1t levels on photosynthetic responses at low temperature using mutants and transgenic Arabidopsis lines. Because PG 16:1t synthesis requires the activity of peroxiredoxin‐Q, which is activated by H2O2 and known to be involved in redox signalling, we hypothesise that the accumulation of PG 16:1t occurs as a result of upstream effects on photosynthesis that alter redox status and production of reactive oxygen species.
Pregnancy and calving rates improved using modified swim‐up method for buffalo semen sexing
Authors: Husna Asma Ul , Azam Asima , Qadeer Saima , Ejaz Rabea , Akhter Shamim 
Published: March 2022

ContentsPresent study aimed to evaluate field fertility rate and calf sex ratio of Nili Ravi buffalo semen sexed through modified swim‐up method (Animal Reproduction Science, 182, 2017, 69). For this purpose, five mature Nili‐Ravi buffalo bulls kept at semen production unit, Qadirabad, Pakistan, were selected. Two consecutive ejaculates per week were collected with artificial vaginą for 3 weeks. Qualified semen ejaculates were pooled and divided into two aliquots. The first aliquot was processed by routine procedure (control), whereas the second was processed by modified swim‐up technique. After separation, semen was diluted in tris‐citric acid extender and cryopreserved using standard techniques. Sexed semen was evaluated for fertility trials during peak breeding season. Artificially inseminated animals were examined for pregnancy rate through rectal palpation at least 3 months after insemination under field conditions. Calving ratio of female and male calves were recoded after Parturition. The fertility rate was higher (p < .05) in X‐sorted sperm (70%) as compared with control (47%). The female calf ratio was higher (p < .05) in X‐sorted sperm (78.58%) compared with control (53.3%). In Conclusion, conception rate and production of female calf were significantly higher with sexed semen separated through modified swim‐up method compared with unsexed control.
Hardship in the Heartland: Associations Between Rurality, Income, and Material Hardship*
Authors: Conrad Aislinn , Ronnenberg Megan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOne in three U.S. households has experienced material hardship. The inadequate provision of basic needs, including food, healthcare, and transportation, is more typical in households with children or persons of color, yet little is known about material hardship in rural spaces. The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence of material hardships in Iowa and examine the relationship between rurality, income, and material hardship. Using data from the 2016 State Innovation Model Statewide Consumer Survey, we use logistic regression to examine the association between rurality, income, and four forms of material hardship. Rural respondents incurred lower odds than non‐rural respondents for all four hardship models. All four models indicated that lower income respondents incurred greater odds for having material hardship. Material hardship was reported across all groups, with rurality, income, race, and age as strong predictors of material hardship among our sample.
Associations among professional quality of life dimensions, burnout, nursing practice environment, and turnover intention in newly graduated nurses
Authors: Gong Shu , Li Jin , Tang Xiangdong , Cao Xiaoyi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundProfessional quality of life affects nurses’ well‐being and the quality of care. However, little attention is paid to the relationships among professional quality of life dimensions, burnout, nursing practice environment, and intention to leave this job in newly graduated nurses.AimsTo assess the levels of professional quality of life dimensions and turnover intention, to examine the predictors for turnover intention, and to explore the mediating roles of professional quality of life dimensions on the associations between these predictors and turnover intention in Chinese newly graduated nurses.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study with 315 newly graduated nurses selected from five tertiary hospitals and five secondary hospitals in Sichuan province, China. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the effects of demographic characteristics and work‐related factors on intention to leave this job. Structural equation modeling technique was performed to explore the mediating effect of each domain of professional quality of life on the relationships between the predictors and turnover intention.ResultsThe prevalence of average levels of burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and compassion satisfaction was 43.2%, 57.1%, and 81.3%, respectively. Moreover, 43.8% and 0.6% of the participants reported high and exceptionally high intention to leave this job. Nursing practice environment, social support, and empathy indirectly and significantly affected turnover intention via the mediating roles of burnout and compassion satisfaction, respectively. However, no significant mediating effect of secondary traumatic stress was found between these predictors and turnover intention.Linking Evidence to ActionPerceptions of greater nursing practice environment, social support, and empathy result in lower turnover intention via reducing burnout and facilitating compassion satisfaction. Strategies such as developing a supportive work and family environment, and cultivating empathic capacity can be effective methods to mitigate against intention to leave this job in newly graduated nurses.
Effect of Different Solder Volumes on the Laser Soldering Process: Numerical and Experimental Investigation
Authors: Bachok Zuraihana , Abas Mohamad Aizat , Nazarudin Muhammad Zaim Hanif , Zahiri Saifulmajdy A. , Mohd Sharif Mohamad Fikri , Che Ani Fakhrozi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Laser soldering is becoming more popular for soldering pin through-hole (PTH) components onto printed circuit boards (PCBs). Solder volume influences soldering joint reliability. However, it is difficult to accurately measure the effect of solder volume during the laser soldering process. The finite volume method (FVM) is used to simulate the molten solder flow in laser soldering to connect the through-hole capacitor onto the PCB in ansysfluent software. The simulation results reveal the effects of different SAC305 solder volumes on joining quality in terms of fillet shape formation, pressure, and velocity. The preferred solder volume is 1.517 mm3 with a filling time of 1.7 s, a temperature of 642 K, a hole diameter of 1.0 mm, a lead diameter of 0.5 mm and a PCB thickness of 1.20 mm, produces a fillet shape similar to a real sample of PTH laser soldering joint from the industry. This ideal volume was chosen with a suitable pressure and velocity to create a nice concave fillet shape and minimize voids during soldering. The pressure and velocity increase when the solder volume increases causing solidified solder to melt. The discrepancy between numerical and experimental values of fillet height is comparable, which inferred that the numerical model was well-validated. The good consistency between both results proves that the finite volume model will effectively predict the optimum solder volume. This opens up new opportunities for the optimization of the laser soldering parameters in the application of electronic manufacturing.
Melt surges, flow differentiation, and remobilization of crystal-rich mushes in response to unloading: Observations from Kīlauea Iki lava lake, Hawaii
Authors: Helz Rosalind T. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Field and laboratory studies of the 1959 Kīlauea Iki lava lake have provided insight into differentiation processes in mafic magma chambers. This paper explores how partially molten basaltic mushes responded to unloading as a consequence of drilling. Most holes drilled from 1967 to 1979 terminated in a melt-rich internal differentiate with a sharp crust-melt interface. These interfaces were not stable, so the boreholes were backfilled by melt-rich (&lt;5% crystal) ooze. This process, with melt ascent rates of 1.3–4.2 m/s, occurred within minutes of intersecting the bodies, mimicking volcanic eruptions, albeit on a small scale.
One borehole (KI79-1), which did not encounter such a discontinuity, was backfilled over a period of 16 days by upward flow of crystal-rich mushes rather than melt-rich ooze. The first interval of ooze recovered had undergone extensive internal differentiation. Its most conspicuous feature was production of melt-rich layers by lateral migration of interstitial melt from the wallrock into the rising crystal-rich mush. In addition, two smaller-scale processes occurred within the rising mush: segregation of melt into discrete blebs within the rising mush column and aggregation of groundmass crystals into crystal-rich clumps formed adjacent to coarser olivine crystals. The upper parts of the ooze are enriched in melt relative to deeper samples, which suggests that the melt blebs rose relative to their olivine-rich matrix. Similar melt blebs and crystal-rich clumps are observed in naturally occurring diapiric bodies within the lava lake. These processes appear to be intrinsic to the upwelling of narrow cylindrical mush bodies whether constrained within a borehole (like the oozes) or unconstrained (as were the diapirs in the lava lake).
The most striking behavior observed during repeated reentry of KI79-1 was a sharp change in rheology during the second and third re-entries of the borehole. The shift in behavior observed was that the oozes rose up the borehole, with ascent rates of 1.0–1.7 m/s, which are comparable to the rates of the crystal-poor oozes from melt-rich internal differentiates. These oozes contain more melt than the original core at equivalent depths, presumably because melt moved relative to crystals down the pressure gradient created by the open borehole. Groundmass textures in these inflated mushes show erosion of crystal outlines, especially of grain-to-grain contacts between different phases, so that the tenuous crystalline network observed in the original core samples was replaced by rounded crystals in continuous melt at crystallinities of 55–65 vol%. The transition from stable coherent mush to inflatable mush occurred at 25–28 vol% melt. This behavior appears similar to certain types of reactive transport observed in other studies.
Charge Transport in Nonstoichiometric SiOx Obtained by Treatment of Thermal SiO2 in Hydrogen Plasma of Electronic-Cyclotron Resonance
Authors: Iskhakzay R. M. Kh. , Kruchinin V. N. , Aliev V. Sh. , Gritsenko V. A. , Dementieva E. V. , Zamoryanskaya M. V. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Currently, a new generation of high-speed, information-intensive resistive memory based on nonstoichiometric dielectrics is being developed. The electron structure of nonstoichiometric silicon oxide SiOx is set by the value of parameter x. It is found that the treatment of thermal SiO2 in hydrogen plasma electron cyclotron resonance leads to the enrichment of silicon oxide with excess silicon, which in turn leads to the appearance of electron and hole traps in SiOx. SiOx conductivity is bipolar: electrons are injected from negatively biased silicon and holes are injected from positively biased silicon. Cathodoluminescence (CL) experiments confirm the assumption that the traps in SiOx are due to the excess silicon. p++-Si(100)/SiOx/Ni memristor metal-dielectric-semiconductor (MDS) structures are fabricated based on the developed procedure for the preparation of nonstoichiometric oxide in hydrogen plasma of electron cyclotron resonance. Such structures have the properties of resistive switching of SiOx that do not require a forming operation.
Vocal brain development in infants of mothers with serious mental illness (CAPRI-Voc): study protocol
Authors: Stibbs-Eaton Lucy , Hodgson Catherine , Kolade Adekeye , Crowell Jennifer , Gemignani Jessica , Hope Holly , Pierce Matthias , Elmadih Alya , Zhao Chen , Downey Darragh , Elliott Rebecca , Abel Kathryn M 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionImproving the lives of children and adolescents with parental mental illness (CAPRI) remains an urgent political and public health concern for the UK and European Union. Recurrent parental mental illness is believed to lead to fractures in the family, academic and social lives of these children, yet interventions are poorly targeted and non-specific. Part of an interdisciplinary programme of work (the CAPRI Programme; grant number: 682741), CAPRI-Voc aims to achieve two goals: first, to test the feasibility of our longitudinal imaging paradigm in mother–infant pairs where the mother has a diagnosis of severe mental illness. Second, to compare development of vocal processing in these infants with infants in the general population.Methods and analysisRecruitment of 100 infants of mothers with mental illness, alongside 50 infants of healthy mothers. Both cohorts of infants will undergo functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) brain imaging at three time points: 9, 12 and 18 months to explore differences between cohorts in their neural responses to vocal stimuli in our language paradigm. Mothers will complete an interview and psychological questionnaires. We shall also complete an infant developmental battery and mother–child interaction play session. Data on recruitment, retention and dropout will be recorded.Ethics and disseminationIt will be made clear that fNIRS is a safe, non-invasive technology widely used in infant clinical and psychological research. We shall reassure mothers that no definitive causal link exists between maternal mental illness and language development in infants, and that individual data will only exist as part of the wider dataset. As the study includes both children and vulnerable adults, all research staff will complete National Health Service (NHS) Safeguarding level 3 training. Dissemination will be via direct feedback to stakeholders, patient and advisory groups, and through presentations at conferences, journal publications and university/NHS trust communications. The study was approved through North West–Greater Manchester West Research Ethics Committee (17/NW/0074) and Health Research Authority (212715).