bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of serum levels of Visfatin, Intelectin-1, RARRES2 and their genetic variants with bone mineral density in postmenopausal females
Authors: Tariq Sundus , Tariq Saba , Khaliq Saba , Abualhamael Shahad Abduljalil , Baig Mukhtiar 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundAdipokines are engaged in bone physiology and regulate bone mineral density (BMD) by playing protective or cynical role in bone metabolism. The study is designed to measure and compare BMD, adipokines (retinoic acid receptor responder protein-2 RARRES2, visfatin and Intelectin-1) and their genetic variants in postmenopausal osteoporotic, osteopenic and non-osteoporotic females.MethodsThis comparative study included postmenopausal non-osteoporotic (n=72), osteopenic (n=72) and osteoporotic (n=100) females with two years of amenorrhea and age between 50 to 70 years. Gold standard DXA was used to measure BMD. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was established. Kruskal-Wallis test for comparisons, logistic and multivariate regression analysis were used to rule out the predictors of BMD.ResultsOn comparing the three groups, significant differences were observed in serum RARRES2 (p &lt;0.001) and serum visfatin (p=0.050). The significant positive predictor of BMD at lumbar spine and total hip was serum visfatin. BMD at right and left femoral neck was predicted negatively by serum chemerin while BMD at left femoral neck was also predicted positively by serum calcium levels. There was significant difference in BMD at right femoral neck (p = 0.033) between rs7806429 genotypes. The odds of having low BMD increases with increasing serum levels of chemerin and decreasing serum levels of visfatin and calciumConclusionThe adipokines RARRES2 and visfatin are associated with BMD. RARRES2 is an independent negative and visfatin is positive predictor of BMD in postmenopausal females. BMD at right femoral neck was significantly low in RARRES2 rs7806429 TC heterozygotes.
Impact of the closure of Berlin-Tegel Airport on ultrafine particle number concentrations on the airfield
Authors: Fritz Sabine , Aust Sebastian , Sauter Tobias 
Published: November 2022

Airports contribute substantially to ultrafine particle (UFP; &lt;100 nm) concentrations on a local scale. These UFPs, which derive mainly from combustion processes, are generated during take-off and landing of aircraft, during aircraft movements on the tarmac, when engines and turbines are started, and by vehicles transporting goods and people on the airfield. UFPs are considered particularly harmful to human health as their small size enables them to pass far into the human body. This study investigates the extent to which particle number concentrations (PNCs) sized 7–2,000 nm respond to the cessation of air traffic due to the closure of a major airport. PNCs and wind data were monitored with a 5 s resolution at one location on the airfield of Berlin-Tegel Airport (TXL). The station was located 600 –640 m east of the runways and thus downwind of the runways for the predominant wind direction. Observations took place 24 h per day every day for about 3 weeks before and 3 weeks after the closure of the airport. During the measurement campaign, a total of 2,507 take-offs and landings took place. Including all wind directions, this study shows 30 %–40% lower PNCs on average, 2.5-fold lower maximum values as well as a 3-fold lower PNC spread after the closure of the airport. These differences are evident only during the day with active flight operations, and not during the nighttime flight ban. Downwind of the airfield, differences are even higher. After the closure of the airport, average PNCs drop by 70%, maxima by 85%, and variability is reduced by almost 90%. 70% lower and 30% less frequent PNC peaks occur downwind of the airport after flight operations are discontinued. This unique natural experiment allows for relatively clear conclusions about the relevance of airport operations on PNCs in the airfield area. The measurements carried out before and after the closure allow a direct comparison of the PNCs during airport operations and without any. Thus, our study reveals the change in UFP concentration that can be achieved through a reduction in flight operations.
Projecting future climate change impacts on the distribution of the ‘Octopus vulgaris species complex’
Authors: Borges Francisco Oliveira , Guerreiro Miguel , Santos Catarina Pereira , Paula José Ricardo , Rosa Rui 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionHistorically considered to be a single cosmopolitan species, the so calledOctopus vulgarisspecies complex (OVSC) is now recognized to be a group of (at least) six cryptic species:O. americanus(in the west Atlantic),O. vulgaris(in the northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea),O.aff. vulgaris(in the region of South Africa),O. tetricus(southeastern Oceania),O. sinensis(northwestern Pacific), andO. djinda(western Australia). The potentially different environmental preferences of this highly cryptic species complex may result in distinct consequences under future environmental conditions.MethodsThe present study employed species distribution models (SDM) using MaxEnt to investigate potential changes in habitat suitability and geographical distribution of the OVSC in the future (i.e., 2050, and 2100), across four representative concentration pathway scenarios (RCP-2.6, 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5, CMIP5).ResultsDifferential responses were observed in the OVSC species analyzed. Specifically,O. vulgarisandO. tetricusexhibited a severe loss in distribution across their predicted range;O. americanusexhibited projected extirpation close to the equator, with limited expansion towards the poles;O.aff. vulgariswas projected to lose half of its current distribution;O. sinensisexhibited moderate losses, with projected increases in northern areas; and finally,O. djindaexhibited limited losses to its distribution. Except forO. sinensis, increasing RCP severity exacerbated changes in mean habitat suitability and projected distribution gains and losses.DiscussionUltimately, this study provides information on the potential biogeographical effects of marine climate change on a key worldwide ecological and economic resource to further disentangle the effects over each OVSC species, with the goal of assisting toward the sustainable management of octopus species at the global scale.
Establishment of muscle mass-based indications for the cystatin C test in renal function evaluation
Authors: Yim Jisook , Son Nak-Hoon , Kim Kyoung Min , Yoon Dukyong , Cho Yonggeun , Kyong Taeyoung , Moon Ja-Young , Yi Tae Im , Lee Sang-Guk , Park Yongjung , Lee Jung Joo , Kim Kyung-Ah , Lee Jung Eun , Kim Jeong-Ho 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundWe aimed to suggest muscle mass-based criteria for using of the cystatin C test for the accurate estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).Materials and methodsWe recruited 138 Korean subjects and evaluated eGFRcr (derived from Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) based on creatinine) was compared to eGFRcys based on cystatin C as the reference value. The skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was used as representative of muscle mass. Calf circumference (CC) was also evaluated. We defined the patients by eGFRcr as those with values of eGFRcr ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 but eGFRcys &lt; 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 as the detection of hidden renal impairment (DHRI). Cut-off values were determined based on muscle mass for the cases of DHRI suggesting the criteria of cystatin C test in renal function evaluation.ResultsWe confirmed significant negative correlation between %difference of eGFRcr from eGFRcys and SMI (r, −0.592 for male, −0.484 for female) or CC (r, −0.646 for male, −0.351 for female). SMI of 7.3 kg/m2 for males and 5.7 kg/m2 for females were suggested to be significant cutoffs for indication of cystatin C test. We also suggested CC would be valuable for cystatin C indication.ConclusionWe suggested the muscle mass-based objective criteria relating to SMI and CC that would indicate the use of cystatin C to evaluate renal function test in sarcopenic cases. Our results highlight the importance of muscle mass-based selection of renal function.
Progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis: A retrospective study
Authors: Denis Anna , Henket Monique , Ernst Marie , Maes Nathalie , Thys Marie , Regnier Céline , Malaise Olivier , Frix Anne-Noëlle , Gester Fanny , Desir Colin , Meunier Paul , Louis Renaud , Malaise Michel , Guiot Julien 
Published: November 2022

Background and objectiveRheumatoid arthritis associated-interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) is the most common pulmonary manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and an important cause of mortality. In patients suffering from interstitial lung diseases (ILD) from different etiologies (including RA-ILD), a significant proportion is exhibiting a fibrotic progression despite immunosuppressive therapies, defined as progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease (PF-ILD). Here, we report the frequency of RA-ILD and PF-ILD in all RA patients’ cohort at University Hospital of Liège and compare their characteristics and outcomes.MethodsPatients were retrospectively recruited from 2010 to 2020. PF-ILD was defined based on functional, clinical and/or iconographic progression criteria within 24 months despite specific anti-RA treatment.ResultsOut of 1,500 RA patients, about one third had high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) performed, 89 showed RA-ILD and 48 PF-ILD. RA-ILD patients were significantly older than other RA patients (71 old of median age vs. 65, p &lt; 0.0001), with a greater proportion of men (46.1 vs. 27.7%, p &lt; 0.0001) and of smoking history. Non-specific interstitial pneumonia pattern was more frequent than usual interstitial pneumonia among RA-ILD (60.7 vs. 27.0%) and PF-ILD groups (60.4 vs. 31.2%). The risk of death was 2 times higher in RA-ILD patients [hazard ratio 2.03 (95% confidence interval 1.15–3.57), p &lt; 0.01] compared to RA.ConclusionWe identified a prevalence of PF-ILD of 3% in a general RA population. The PF-ILD cohort did not seem to be different in terms of demographic characteristics and mortality compared to RA-ILD patients who did not exhibit the progressive phenotype yet.
Retinal changes in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: A case-control study in the MyoCite cohort
Authors: Aggarwal Rachna , Naveen R. , Thakare Darpan , Shahi Rohit , Anuja Anamika Kumari , Husain Ahmad , Abbasi Maryam , Rathore Upendra , Agarwal Vikas , Gupta Latika 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundRetinal changes are the window to systemic vasculature. Therefore, we explored retinal changes in patients with Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) as a surrogate for vascular health.MethodsAdult and Juvenile IIM patients (2017 ACR/EULAR criteria), visiting a tertiary care center in 2021 were enrolled for detailed ophthalmic examination in comparison with healthy controls (HC). Patients with conditions that precluded thorough posterior chamber examination were excluded. Scale variables are expressed as median (IQR). Multivariate analysis (binary logistic regression-BLR) was conducted, adjusting for age, gender, and comorbidities besides factors significant in univariate analysis.Results43 patients with IIM [31 females; age 36 (23–45) years; disease duration 5.5 (2-12) months] were enrolled for participation. DM (44%) was the most common diagnosis. IIM patients exhibited frequent attenuation of retinal vessels (32.6 vs. 4.3%,p&lt; 0.001), AV nicking (14 vs. 2.2%,p= 0.053), and vascular tortuosity (18.6 vs. 2.2%, p= 0.012), besides decreased visual acuity (53.5 vs. 10.9%, p&lt;0.001) and immature cataracts (34.9 vs. 2.2%,p&lt; 0.001). Attenuation of vessels [OR 10.9 (1.7–71), p= 0.004] emerged as significantly different from HC after adjusting for covariates in BLR. Notably, adults with IIM were more predisposed to retinal abnormalities [21 (57%) vs. 1 (16%), p= 0.068], especially attenuation of vessels [14(38%) vs. 0(0), p= 0.067] than jIIM. However, no difference was found in retinal features amongst the subtypes of adult IIM, nor did they correlate with MDAAT, MDI, or HAQ-DI.ConclusionRetinal microvasculopathy and diminution of vision occur in nearly one-thirds to half of the patients with IIM. Microvasculopathy occurs across subtypes of IIM, and more so in adults, calling for further investigation as a surrogate for damage assessment and potentially even systemic vascular health.
Short interpregnancy interval can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes: A meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Yumei , Zeng Can , Chen Yuhong , Yang Liu , Tian Di , Liu Xinghui , Lin Yonghong 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThe evidence of some previous papers was insufficient in studying the causal association between interpregnancy interval (IPI) and adverse pregnancy outcomes. In addition, more literature have been updated worldwide during the last 10 years.MethodsEnglish and Chinese articles published from January 1980 to August 2021 in the databases of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Ovid, Embase, China Biology Medicine disc (CBM), and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched. Then following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we screened the articles. Utilizing the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS), we evaluated the quality of the included articles. The literature information extraction table was set up in Excel, and the meta-analysis was performed with Stata 16.0 software (Texas, USA).ResultsA total of 41 articles were included in the meta-analysis, and NOS scores were four to eight. The short IPI after delivery was the risk factor of preterm birth (pooled odds ratio 1.49, 95% confidence interval 1.42–1.57), very preterm birth (pooled OR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.55–2.14), low birth weight (pooled OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.24–1.43), and small for gestational age (pooled OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.07–1.21), offspring death (pooled OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.51–1.69), NICU (pooled OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.01–1.57), and congenital abnormality (pooled OR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.05–1.16), while was not the risk factor of gestational hypertension (pooled OR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.93–0.98) or gestational diabetes (pooled OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.93–1.20).ConclusionShort IPI (IPI &lt; 6 months) can lead to adverse perinatal outcomes, while it is not a risk factor for gestational diabetes and gestational hypertension. Therefore, more high-quality studies covering more comprehensive indicators of maternal and perinatal pregnancy outcomes are needed to ameliorate the pregnancy policy for women of childbearing age.
Who's driving? The default mode network in healthy elderly individuals at risk of cognitive decline
Authors: González-López Mauricio , Gonzalez-Moreira Eduardo , Areces-González Ariosky , Paz-Linares Deirel , Fernández Thalía 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionAge is the main risk factor for the development of neurocognitive disorders, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common. Its physiopathological features may develop decades before the onset of clinical symptoms. Quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) is a promising and cost-effective tool for the prediction of cognitive decline in healthy older individuals that exhibit an excess of theta activity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of brain connectivity variable resolution electromagnetic tomography (BC-VARETA), a novel source localization algorithm, as a potential tool to assess brain connectivity with 19-channel recordings, which are common in clinical practice.MethodsWe explored differences in terms of functional connectivity among the nodes of the default mode network between two groups of healthy older participants, one of which exhibited an EEG marker of risk for cognitive decline.ResultsThe risk group exhibited increased levels of delta, theta, and beta functional connectivity among nodes of the default mode network, as well as reversed directionality patterns of connectivity among nodes in every frequency band when compared to the control group.DiscussionWe propose that an ongoing pathological process may be underway in healthy elderly individuals with excess theta activity in their EEGs, which is further evidenced by changes in their connectivity patterns. BC-VARETA implemented on 19-channels EEG recordings appears to be a promising tool to detect dysfunctions at the connectivity level in clinical settings.
Efficacy and safety of hypoglycemic drugs in improving cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Xin-Chen , Chu Chen-Liang , Li Han-Cheng , Lu Kuan , Liu Cheng-Jiang , Cai Ye-Feng , Quan Shi-Jian , Zhang Shi-Jie 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to compare the effects of oral hypoglycaemic drugs (HDs) on cognitive function and biomarkers of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) through a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).MethodsWe conducted systematic searches for English- and Chinese-language articles in the PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar databases, with no date restrictions. We performed a network meta-analysis, which we report here according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The 16 studies included a total of 3,081 patients. We selected the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive section (ADAS-Cog), the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study Activities of Daily Living section (ADCS-ADL) and amyloid beta (Aβ) 42 as the outcome measures for analysis and comparison.ResultWe selected seven treatments and assessed the clinical trials in which they were tested against a placebo control. Of these treatments, intranasal insulin 20 IU (ITSN20), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor (DPP-4) were associated with significantly improved MMSE scores (7 RCTs, 333 patients, 30≥MMSE score≥20: mild) compared with placebo [standardized mean difference (SMD) 1.11, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.87, 1.35); SMD 0.75, 95% CI (0.04, 1.41); and SMD 4.08, 95% CI (3.39, 4.77), respectively]. Rosiglitazone 4 mg (RLZ4), rosiglitazone 10 mg (RLZ10), intranasal insulin 40 IU (ITSN40), and ITSN20 significantly decreased ADAS-Cog scores (11 RCTs, 4044 patients, 10 ≤ ADAS-Cog scores ≤ 30: mild and moderate) compared with placebo [SMD −1.40, 95% CI (−2.57, −0.23), SMD −3.02, 95% CI (−4.17, −1.86), SMD −0.92, 95% CI (−1.77, −0.08), SMD −1.88, 95% CI (−3.09, −0.66)]. Additionally, ITSN20 and ITSN40 significantly improved ADCS-ADL scores (2 RCTs, 208 patients, ADCS-ADL scale score ≤ 10: mild) compared with placebo [SMD 0.02, 95% CI (0.01, 0.03), and SMD 0.04, 95% CI (0.03, 0.05), respectively]. In the 16 included studies, the degree of AD was classified as mild or moderate. For mild cognitive impairment, DPP-4 performed best, but for mild to moderate impairment, ITSN40 had excellent performance.ConclusionVarious HDs can improve the cognitive function of MCI and AD patients. Different drug regimens brought different degrees of improvement, which may be related to their dosage, duration, and mechanism of action.Systematic review registrationwww.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero.
Intake of slow-digesting carbohydrates is related to changes in the microbiome and its functional pathways in growing rats with obesity induced by diet
Authors: Plaza-Díaz Julio , Manzano Manuel , Ruiz-Ojeda Francisco Javier , Giron Maria D. , Salto Rafael , López-Pedrosa Jose M. , Santos-Fandila Angela , Garcia-Corcoles Maria Teresa , Rueda Ricardo , Gil Ángel 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionThe main cause of insulin resistance in childhood is obesity, which contributes to future comorbidities as in adults. Although high-calorie diets and lack of exercise contribute to metabolic disease development, food quality rather than the quantity of macronutrients is more important than food density. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of changing the quality of carbohydrates from rapidly to slowly digestible carbohydrates on the composition of the gut microbiota and the profiles of the functional pathways in growing rats with obesity due to a high-fat diet (HFD).MethodsDuring the course of 4 weeks, rats growing on an HFD-containing carbohydrates with different digestive rates were fed either HFD-containing carbohydrates with a rapid digestion rate (OBE group) or HFD-containing carbohydrates with a slow digestion rate (OBE-ISR group). A non-obese group (NOB) was included as a reference, and rats were fed on a rodent standard diet (AIN93G). An analysis of gut microbiota was conducted using 16S rRNA-based metagenomics; a linear mixed-effects model (LMM) was used to determine changes in abundance between baseline and 4 weeks of treatment, and functional pathways were identified. Gut microbiota composition at bacterial diversity and relative abundance, at phylum and genus levels, and functional profiles were analyzed by integrating the Integrated Microbial Genomes (IMG) database.ResultsThe groups showed comparable gut microbiota at baseline. At the end of the treatment, animals from the ISR group exhibited differences at the phylum levels by decreasing the diversity of Fisher’s index and Firmicutes (newly named as Bacillota), and increasing the Pielou’s evenness and Bacteroidetes (newly named as Bacteroidota); at the genus level by increasing Alistipes, Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Butyricimonas, Lachnoclostridium, Flavonifractor, Ruminiclostridium 5, and Faecalibaculum and decreasing Muribaculum, Blautia, and Ruminiclostridium 9. Remarkably, relative abundances of genera Tyzzerella and Angelakisella were higher in the OBE group compared to NOB and OBE-ISR groups. In addition, some microbiota carbohydrate metabolism pathways such as glycolysis, glucuronic acid degradation, pentose phosphate pathway, methanogenesis, and fatty acid biosynthesis exhibited increased activity in the OBE-ISR group after the treatment. Higher levels of acetate and propionate were found in the feces of the ISR group compared with the NOB and OBE groups.ConclusionThe results of this study demonstrate that replacing rapidly digestible carbohydrates with slowly digestible carbohydrates within an HFD improve the composition of the gut microbiota. Consequently, metabolic disturbances associated with obesity may be prevented.