bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Investigation and Characterization of Silicone Matrix IVR Loaded with Levonorgestrel: A Propper Method for Hormon Replacement Therapy
Authors: Hosseinzade Fateme , Tabesh Hadi , Farzaneh Farah 
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Among 3 to 30 percent of women of reproductive age, experience abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). Vaginal rings are one of the systems of interest for the local delivery of hormones that due to their polymeric structure allow prolonged release of drug. In this study, the design and fabrication of matrix vaginal rings containing levonorgestrel (LNG) were investigated.
Methods: In this experimental study, at first, two pieces of aluminum mold were designed, then base (A) and cross-linker parts (B) of polymer with LNG were mixed and 48 polymeric rings containing LNG were manufactured by injection molding method. To achieve the desired drug release values in a given time, the effect of temperature, rpm, release environment, different initial loading, cross-linker percentage and a mathematical model to predict release and swelling test were investigated.
Results: As a result of the experiments, it was revealed that with increasing drug loading, the release rate rises, while increasing the cross-linker percentage reduced the drug release. Finally, the ring A:B=100:9.5 with an initial loading of 0.2 % LNG relative to silicon was selected as an appropriate ring, and release experiments were performed at 37 °C, shaker speed of 80 rpm, and release medium containing 10 % ethanol. Drug release values were measured by spectrophotometer and analyzed by SPSS statistical software version 16.
Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be deduced that matrix vaginal ring containing LNG is a suitable drug delivery system for prolonged release of LNG for treatment of AUB that depending on the drug initial loading and cross-linker percentage, the required diffusion coefficient, and release rate can be achieved in a certain time.
The Effect of Aqueous Extract of Crocus sativus L. (Saffron) on Periodontal Indices of Patients with Generalized Periodontitis
Authors: Rashidi Maybodi Fahimeh , Vaziri Farzane , Ghanbarnezhad Solmaz , Herandi Vahid 
Published: April 2022

Many therapeutic properties have been reported for saffron (Crocus sativus L.), including anti-inflammatory effects due to its strong antioxidant properties and the ability to accumulate oxygen free radicals by components such as crocin and crocetin. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of saffron on the treatment of patients with periodontitis. 40 patients with moderate to severe generalized periodontitis were selected and divided randomly into the intervention and control groups. The intervention group was instructed to use a mouthwash containing aqueous saffron extract twice a day for 2 weeks; while the control group members were asked to apply chlorhexidine as the gold standard mouthwash. The participants’ gingival probing depth index, modified gingival index, and gingival bleeding index were measured before and one month after the intervention. The patients’ level of satisfaction on the taste of mouthwash was also measured. T-test and Mann-Whitney test were run for statistical analysis. A significant difference was observed in terms of the gingival indices before and four weeks after using both saffron and chlorhexidine mouthwashes (p value: 0.001). However, no statistically significant difference was found between two groups. Patients reported higher levels of taste satisfaction after using saffron aqueous extract mouthwash than the chlorhexidine mouthwash (p value: 0.021). Saffron mouthwash showed comparable therapeutic effect to the gold standard mouthwash, chlorhexidine, and may be helpful as an adjunct treatment for management of periodontitis.
STRUKTUR HEMIRING
Authors: Noviliani Noviliani , Abdurrahman Saman , Hijriati Na'imah 
Published: April 2022

Hemiring is a non-empty set which is equipped with the addition operation " " and the multiplication operation " " and satisfied four conditions, namely: is a commutative monoid with an identity element of , is semigroup, satisfied distributive properties the multiplication over addition on both sides, and satisfied for each . There are several types of hemiring such as idempotent hemiring, zerosumfree hemiring, simple hemiring and others. In this paper, it discusses the sufficient and necessary conditions of a hemiring that is said to be commutative and said to be simple, prove the characteristics of the operation in zerosumfree hemiring, idempotent hemiring, and simple hemiring.
MODEL MATEMATIKA PENYEBARAN PENYAKIT DEARE DENGAN ADANYA TREATMENT
Authors: Astuti Vika , Yulida Yuni , Thresye Thresye 
Published: April 2022

Diare (diarrhea) merupakan suatu penyakit lingkungan dengan faktor penyebab yang paling dominan adalah pembuangan tinja dan sarana air bersih. Dua faktor tersebut akan berinteraksi bersamaan dengan perlakuan manusia. Jika lingkungan tercemar virus atau bakteri kemudian ditambah dengan perlakuan manusia yang tidak sehat dengan melalui apa yang mereka makan juga minum, maka akan mendatangkan penyakit diare. Individu yang terinfeksi penyakit diare dapat diberikan perlindungan untuk melawan infeksi melalui pengobatan (treatment). Penyakit diare tersebut dapat dinyatakan melalui model SIR tetapi model tersebut tidak cukup untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan ini maka dilakukan pengembangan model tersebut dengan menambahkan adanya kompartemen Treatment. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu membentuk model kemudian menentukan solusi positif, setela itu menentukan ekuilibrium, menentukan nilai Basic Reproduction Number dan yang terakhir menentukan kestabilan model matematika penyakit diare dengan adanya treatment. Pada penelitian ini nilai Basic Reproduction Number ditentukan menggunakan Next Generation Matrix, sedangkan analisa kestabilan di sekitar ekuilibrium penyakit menggunakan nilai eigen dari Matriks Jacobian. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah terbentuknya model diare dengan adanya treatment dan diperoleh solusi positifnya. Kemudian ekuilibrium bebas penyakit pada model ini stabil asimtotik lokal jika dan ekuilibrium endemiknya yaitu stabil asimtotik lokal jika dan syarat tambahan. Simulasi model diberikan menggunakan paramater-paramter yang bersesuaian dengan syarat pada analisa kestabilan.
BILANGAN RAINBOW CONNECTION PADA GRAF-H
Authors: Maretha Ayu Nanie , Shiddiq Muhammad Mahfuzh , Hijriati Na'imah 
Published: April 2022

Pada teori graf terdapat konsep pewarnaan yaitu pewarnaan sisi dan pewarnaan titik. Apabila ada dua titik yang terhubung oleh lintasan rainbow maka pewarnaan sisi graf disebut rainbow connected. Bilangan rainbow connection yang dinotasikan dengan rc(G) adalah bilangan terkecil dari warna yang dibutuhkan agar terbentuk graf bersifat rainbow connected. Pewarnaan titik pada graf disebut rainbow connected jika sebarang dua titik pada graf berwarna titik dihubungkan oleh lintasan rainbow vertex. Bilangan rainbow vertex connection yang dinotasikan dengan rvc(G) adalah bilangan terkecil dari warna yang dibutuhkan agar terbentuk graf bersifat rainbow vertex connected. Graf- merupakan graf yang berbentuk seperti huruf . Operasi korona merupakan cara untuk menghasilkan dua buah graf menjadi suatu graf baru. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan bilangan rainbow connection dan bilangan rainbow vertex connection pada graf-H. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu bilangan rainbow connection pada graf-H yaitu 2n-1 , bilangan rainbow vertex connection pada graf-H yaitu 2n-4 dan bilangan rainbow vertex connection pada graf H korona mK_1 adalah 2n.
INVERS TERGENERALISASI MOORE PENROSE
Authors: Mardiyana Mardiyana , Hijriati Na'imah , Thresye Thresye 
Published: April 2022

The generalized inverse is a concept for determining the inverse of a singular matrix and and matrix which has the characteristic of the inverse matrix. There are several types of generalized inverse, one of which is the Moore-Penrose inverse. The matrix is called Moore Penrose inverse of a matrix if it satisfies the four penrose equations and is denoted by . Furthermore, if the matrix satisfies only the first two equations of the Moore-Penrose inverse and , then is called the group inverse of and is denoted by . The purpose of this research was to determine the group inverse of a non-diagonalizable square matrix using Jordan’s canonical form and Moore Penrose’s inverse of a singular matrix, also a non-square matrix using the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) method. The results of this study are the sufficient condition for a matrix to have a group inverse, i.e., a matrix has an index of 1 if and only if the product of two matrices forming is a full rank factorization and is invertible. Whereas for a singular matrix and a non-square , the Moore-Penrose inverse can be determined using Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). Keywords: generalized matrix inverse, Moore Penrose inverse, group inverse, Jordan canonical form, Singular Value Decomposition.
MODULAR BLOK DI RUANG BARISAN TERJUMLAH CESARO ORLICZ
Authors: Haryadi Haryadi 
Published: April 2022

On the Cesaro summable of orde-p sequence space, if the fuction is replaced by Orlicz function, it is not always easy to define norm in the space. In this paper, we study some properties of the Cesaro Orlicz summable sequence space. First, on the space we define a modular and its the luxemburg norm, and then some topological properties is explored. The results show that the sequence spaces is modular complete and nom complete. In addition, the space is a BK-space but not an AK-space.
PREDIKSI INDEKS HARGA SAHAM GABUNGAN (IHSG) MENGGUNAKAN LONG SHORT-TERM MEMORY
Authors: Yusuf Akhmad 
Published: April 2022

Pasar modal merupakan tempat bertemunya pihak penjual dan pembeli serta dapat dijadikan sebagai indicator kemajuan suatu negara. Semakin tinggi pergerakan atau aktifitas di pasar modal maka semakin tinggi pula pergerakan ekonomi di suatu Negara tersebut. Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) merupakan pasar modal yang terdapat di Indonesia. Index harga saham gabungan (IHSG) merupakan rata-rata harga saham keseluruhan yang berada di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) dan memiliki volatilitas yang tinggi sehingga diperlukan suatu metode untuk memprediksi pergerakan harga IHSG tersebut yang dapat dijadikan sebagai acuan bagi para pembeli (pihak surplus dana). Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) merupakan sebuah metode forecasting yang dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi data yang bersifat time series. Pada penelitian ini, data yang digunakan berjumlah 1212 data pada interval waktu 16 Februari 2017 sampai 14 Februari 2022 dengan time frame 1D. Data terbagi menjadi 2 bagian, yaitu data training berjumlah dan data testing berjumlah data. Parameter LSTM yang digunakan batch-size 25 dan untuk menguji keberhasilan parameter tersebut digunakan epoch yang berbeda-beda. Epoch sejumlah 50 merupakan model terbaik menghasilkan RMSE lebih kecil yaitu 6.2335 dengan nilai prediksi 6765.5103 dan nilai actual 6807.50
Tingkat Kesejahteraan Buruh Penyadap Karet PT. Perkebunan Nusantara XIII (PTPN XIII) Kebun Batulicin Di Kecamatan Karang Bintang Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu
Authors: Qodariah Laela , Angriani Parida , Hastuti Karunia Puji 
Published: April 2022

Latar belakang penelitian adalah pendapatan masyarakat buruh sadap karet yang dibawah UMK dan keadaan kurangnya kesejahteraan masyarakat buruh sadap karet PTPN XIII Kebun Batulicin dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan hidup. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis tingkat kesejahteraan buruh sadap karet PTPN XIII Kebun Batulicin di Kecamatan Karang Bintang Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif melalui angket dengan teknik analisis data Eko Sugiharto yakni menghitung skor pada 8 indikator tingkat kesejahteraan berdasarkan BPS 2005 yaitu, pendapatan, pengeluaran, keadaan tempat tinggal, fasilitas tempat tinggal, kesehatan anggota keluarga, kemudahan mendapatkan fasilitas kesehatan, kemudahan mendapatkan fasilitas sekolah, dan kemudahan mendapatkan fasilitas transportasi. Data primer diperoleh melalui observasi dan angket, data sekunder diperoleh melalui jurnal dan laporan. Objek penelitian adalah tingkat kesejahteraan dan subjeknya adalah masyarakat buruh sadap karet di PTPN XIII Kebun Batulicin. Analisis data menggunakan persentase dan skoring Hasil penelitian pada 181 responden adalah buruh sadap karet memiliki pendapatan rendah, dan peneluaran menyesuaikan dengan pendapatan yang diperoleh, buruh sadap keret tinggal di perumahan semi permanen dengan fasilitas kurang lengkap, kesehatan anggota keluarga baik, dan mendapatkan fasilitas kesehatan, pendidikan anak dan transportasi dengan mudah, kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 24 responden (13%) berada pada tingkat kesejahteraan rendah, tingkat kesejahteraan sedang sebanyak 148 responden (82%), dan responden yang berada pada tingkat kesejahteraan tinggi sebanyak 9 responden (5%).
Identifikasi Faktor Transmigran Bertahan Tinggal Di Desa Hegar Manah Kecamatan Bintang Ara Kabupaten Tabalong
Authors: Bahrudin Bahrudin , Hastuti Karunia Puji , Angriani Parida 
Published: April 2022

The population problem in Indonesia is the rate of population growth and the imbalance in its distribution. The transmigration program aims to balance the distribution of the population by regulating and directing people who have a high density to move to areas that are still sparsely populated, with the hope that development and population distribution can be evenly distributed. Hegar Manah Village. Hegar Manah Village is a village located in Bintang Ara District, Tabalong Regency, which was one of the transmigrant placement villages in 1993. In 1993 transmigrants came to Hegar Manah Village as many as 300 families (KK), consisting of 150 families from the other side (Java Island) and 150 local transmigrant families (Kalimantan), in 2020 there are only 30 transmigrant families left. This study aims to analyze the factors that cause transmigrants to persist in living in Hegar Manah Village, Bintang Ara District, Tabalong Regency, by examining 4 factors that are considered influential on the reasons for transmigrants to survive, namely by examining the transmigrant economic sector, public infrastructure facilities, land/land ownership and social cultural or adaptation of transmigrants to the local physical and social environment. This study uses a quantitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires/questionnaires to 27 families of indigenous transmigrant communities who still survived. Data analysis used descriptive statistics by calculating the percentage of each answer from respondents, and factor analysis by calculating the results of respondents' answers. The results showed that the transmigrant community persisted in living in Hegar Manah Village, Bintang Ara District because 1) they had sufficient land for the reason to survive. 2) good social culture or tolerance for very high differences, so as to create social and cultural harmony without discriminating against ethnicity, race, or religion. 3) economic or welfare factors are not the reason for transmigrants to stay. 4) the factor of infrastructure is not the reason for transmigrants to stay.Keywords: Transmigrant, survival factors
Evaluasi Kesesuaian Lahan Untuk Pengembangan Budidaya Tanaman Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) di Kecamatan Kare Kabupaten Madiun
Authors: Nimpuna Dayinta Dwi , Taryana Didik , Astuti Ike Sari 
Published: April 2022

Tanaman porang adalah salah satu diversifikasi tanaman pangan dan menjadi komoditas ekspor unggulan Indonesia. Di Jawa Timur, pengelolaan lahan untuk tanaman porang masih belum optimal di Kecamatan Kare yang menjadi salah satu sentra kawasan budidaya porang. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan kelas kesesuaian lahan tanaman porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) di Kecamatan Kare. Penelitian dengan pendekatan kuantitatif bermetode survei. Unit lahan didapatkan dari interpretasi peta kemiringan lereng, jenis tanah, dan penggunaan lahan Kecamatan Kare Kabupaten Madiun skala 1:110.000. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah tujuh satuan unit lahan. Analisis dengan metode matching(pencocokan) antara kualitas lahan dengan kriteria keseuaian lahan untuk tanaman porang. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa ada empat unit lahan (D2-2-4, D2-3-4, D2-3-5, dan D2-4-5) sangat sesuai (S1), sedangkan tiga unit lahan (D2-3-1, D2-4-1, dan D2-4-4) sesuai (S2) untuk budidaya tanaman porang. Faktor pembatas di ketiga unit lahan tersebut meliputi ketersediaan oksigen (oa) dan retensi hara (nr). Maka implikasi penelitian ini diharapkan adanya upaya perbaikan terhadap faktor pembatas lahan. Ini dapat meningkatkan kualitas lahan menjadi sangat sesuai (S1) untuk tanaman porang. Maka, Pengembangan pusat kawasan agropolitan tanaman porang nantinya berada di Kecamatan Kare untuk wilayah Jawa Timur.
Problematizing identities and differences: notes post-modern, “(pos)critical” and post-structuralist the school and the curriculum
Authors: Sousa Galdino Rodrigues de , Rossi Marcos Antônio 
Published: April 2022

This article is based on a correlation of bibliographic sources under a qualitative approach, influenced by postmodern society and poststructuralist discussions of knowledge in their descriptions and analyses. Concepts and effects of identities and differences are discussed, as well as their possible conformations in the postmodern school and in the “(post)critical” and poststructuralist curriculum. It is concluded that in post-modernity, the subject assumes different identities from different influences, and the school is an important place for the problematization and construction of this movement, including inside the power relations towards difference. A "(post)critical" curriculum is defended, which does not oppose critical pedagogies and post-critical pedagogies, nor constrain their possible approaches and potential against hegemonic, fighting against social injustices and fostering (trans)formations and/or pluralization of identities . Furthermore, in this curriculum, in addition to broadly considering postmodern issues, post-structuralist issues are also considered, especially with regard to schools and the curriculum itself as practices of meaning and representation.
WITHDRAWN: PLK1 is a potential prognostic factor associated with the tumor microenvironment in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Lina , Gao Man , Sun Dongjie , Wu Haitao , Lv Shuang , Qian Xiaoli , Li Yulin , Li Lisha 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
More than 40% of lung cancers are lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) worldwide. However, the prognosis of LUAD is poor for the lack of effective treatment methods. Our study identified PLK1 as a novel prognosis biomarker and treatment target for LUAD. Based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from 551 LUAD cases were analyzed for the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. To explore the biological pathways and the tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) using gene set variation analysis (GSVA) and the CIBERSORT, as well as to analyze DEGs, a Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network and Cox regression analysis were performed. Validation of DEGs was achieved through quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and immunoblotting. DEGs associated with the cell cycle were sorted out. Cell cycle scores were positively correlated with age, clinical stages, and metastasis, and negatively correlated with overall survival of LUAD patients. PPI and Cox analyses showed that PLK1 could be a prognostic factor for LUAD patients. CIBERSORT analysis revealed a positive correlation between the transcription level of PLK1 and the function of CD8+ and activated memory CD4+ T cells, as well as a negative correlation with activated natural killer cells. Furthermore, PLK1 overexpression increased immune cytotoxicity, as measured by the cytolytic activity score, IFN- score, and IFN- level. There is a strong correlation between PLK1 and key features of TICs, indicating its potential as a promising prognostic biomarker for LUAD.
Analysis of lacrimal duct morphology from cone-beam CT dacryocystography in a Japanese population
Authors: Nakamura Jutaro , Kamao Tomoyuki , Mitani Arisa , Mizuki Nobuhisa , Shiraishi Atsushi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The morphology and inclination of the lacrimal duct differ among individuals and ethnic groups. We used cone-beam CT dacryocystography (CBCT-DCG) to measure several parameters of the lacrimal duct in a Japanese population.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the CBCT-DCG images of 102 cases diagnosed with unilateral primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO) at Ehime University Hospital from December 2015 to May 2021. We investigated the following parameters of the lacrimal duct on the contralateral side of unilateral PANDO: 1) the angle formed by the superior orbital rim–internal common punctum–nasolacrimal duct opening, 2) the angle formed by the lacrimal sac and the nasolacrimal duct, 3) the length of the lacrimal sac, 4) the length of the nasolacrimal duct.Results: The measurements of the above parameters were as follows: 1) 10.2 ± 7.8° (range, −11° to +27°); 2) −6.3 ± 14.1° (range, −43° to +40°); 3) 8.9 ± 2.3 mm (range, 4.3–17.1); 4) 13.2 ± 2.7 mm (range, 5.7–20.7). Of these parameters, values of all except 3) followed a normal distribution.Conclusions:We reported anthropometric data analyzing the morphology of the lacrimal ducts using CBCT-DCG in a Japanese population.
New Formulas for the Trigonometry of Isosceles Triangles
Authors: King Noah 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper discusses a new formula to solve for the angle of isosceles triangles given proportion of differentiated unequivalent 'base' edge length versus the always equivalent 'leg' edges. The equation is equal to the arcsine of (X/2), the net result of the series multiplied by two. This formula is to be called ‘isn^-1(x)’, short for inverse isosceles sine equivalent. Also discussed is the non-inverse ‘isn(x)’ which is the cyclic function which is determined to correspond as the equivalent of the classic sine formula to isosceles triangles. The formula set is clearly superior and powerful at calculating the angle and measure of any given obtuse or acute triangle of an unclassified type, as well as unifying a simplest-fit formula across all types of triangle.