bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent Reviews on Dendrimers as an Immunotherapy-based Nanosystem
for the Effective Treatment of Cancer
Authors: Mandal Uttam Kumar , Kumar Mohit 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Cancer is considered the prime source of death. A vast number of conventional chemotherapeutic agents are being used to treat cancer, however, these conventional chemotherapeutics agents are capable to destroy or kill both tumor and healthy cells.
Cancer, Immunotherapy, Nanotechnology, Dendrimers

Introduction:
Cancer immunotherapy has generated large interest and is being explored presently to treat this so far to a large extent incurable disease. In the case of immunotherapy, the approach of treatment, the cancer cell is only targeted. This therapy has very few side effects compared to conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Nowadays dendrimer as a nano-system carrier plays a very crucial role in the field of immunotherapy.

Methods:
Biomaterials such as poly(glycerol), PAMAM, carbohydrate-derived citric acid polyester (PGLSA-OH), polyethylene glycol (PEG), poly(propylene imine) (PPI), melamine, triagine, and phosphorhydrazone have been reported for the production of dendrimer. Dendritic-based nono-carriers are classified according to the size of the dendrimers moiety and their generation. They are also classified based on the presence of internal-layers, dynamic dendritic scaffolds that interact with the drug non-covalently central core moiety, and 3D terminal functional group.

Results:
Dendrimers are being researched to deliver DNA drugs for antisensetherapy. There are some reports for non-viral gene transmission where PPI or PAMAM dendrimers were utilized. For the gene delivery, dendrimers that are moderately degenerated are more qualified and used to increase the reagent efficiency, hydrolytic cleavage of the amide bond in fragmentation (initiation).

Conclusion:
The dendrimers have the property to hold the therapeutic active ingredients such as DNA in their cavity and deliver them to the desired target site so that these are used effectively in cancer immunotherapy. Different types of dendrimers such as PAMAM-PEG dendrimers, triazine dendrimers, glycodendrimers, phosphorus dendrimers, and carbosilaneden dendrimers are being explored for commercial applications for cancer therapy and so far they have produced encouraging results.
Adaptive LuGre Friction Compensation for Servo System Based on Backstepping
Control and Feedforward Control
Authors: Zhu Qixin , Wang Jiaqi , Zhu Yonghong 
Published: April 2022

Aims:
The study aims to improve the position control accuracy of a class of permanent
magnet synchronous motors under friction.

Background:
Permanent magnet synchronous motor and servo system are important parts of modern industry, in which the friction effect is a typical nonlinear factor. To overcome the nonlinear
friction effect, it is necessary to design a compound feedforward algorithm to improve the motion
control accuracy.

Objective:
The objective of the study is to design a compound adaptive friction feedforward controller to overcome the nonlinear friction effect in the servo system while ensuring tracking accuracy.

Methods:
A compound algorithm combining velocity-acceleration double feedforward and adaptive
friction feedforward is proposed to ensure the control accuracy, and then the backstepping control is
used to ensure strict convergence. Finally, the friction parameter observer is used to estimate the
parameters, and the performance of the control system is simulated in the Simulink module

Results:
Compared to Pure Friction Feedforward Compensation (PFFC) and Adaptive Friction
Compensation (AFC), Adaptive Backstepping Feedforward Friction Compensation (ABFFC) has a
faster convergence speed, higher steady-state accuracy, and less friction nonlinear effect

Conclusion:
The servo system with adaptive backstepping and feedforward friction compensation
improves the accuracy and convergence of control performance. Moreover, the adaptive permanent
magnet synchronous motor control system can effectively overcome the nonlinear friction effect.
Oportunidades de conservación del paisaje rural andino en el suroccidente de Tunja, Boyacá (Colombia)
Authors: Ramos Franco Albaluz , Alvarado Reyes Anderson Javier , Montenegro Rubiano Ledis Viviana , Sandoval Mojica Adriana Carolina 
Published: April 2022

Con el objetivo de aportar a la conservación de la biodiversidad del paisaje rural del suroccidente de Tunja, se identificaron las áreas con características socioeconómicas y ecológicas óptimas para implementar programas de conservación de árboles, arbustos y orquídeas. Se usó un índice de valor de conservación, que integra la diversidad alfa y el endemismo de los grupos a conservar y un índice de viabilidad socioeconómica, que tiene en cuenta la información sobre uso y manejo de los recursos naturales por parte de los habitantes. Los resultados de los índices se integraron para identificar las oportunidades de conservación en cada una de las 3 zonas del área de estudio. El paisaje rural delimitado dentro del área de la zona de este estudio presenta la mayor oportunidad de aportar a la conservación de los ecosistemas boscosos del sector, debido a la alta riqueza de árboles, arbustos y orquídeas en comparación con las otras dos zonas; además, por ser el área donde se encuentran predios con habitantes que por sus características socioeconómicas responderían de mejor forma a un posible plan de conservación.
Optimasi Proporsi Ekstrak Kulit Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britton & Rose dan Titanium Dioksida dalam Formulasi Lipstik dengan Pewarna Alam
Authors: Laksitorini Marlyn Dian , Suherndra Veronica Intani , Ferdian Roni , Murrukmihadi Mimiek 
Published: April 2022

Kandungan antosianin dalam ekstrak kulit buah naga merah (Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britton & Rose) memiliki potensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai pewarna alami dalam sediaan lipstik. Kulit buah naga merah memiliki berat mencapai 30-35% berat buah. Namun demikian, pemanfaatan limbah kulit buah naga sebagai sumber pewarna alam belum dieksplorasi secara maksimal. Lipstik berfungsi untuk memperindah warna bibir sekaligus sebagai pelindung bibir dari cahaya matahari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi proporsi ektrak kulit buah naga ( 8-10% b/b) dan titanium dioksida (5-7% b/b)agar diperoleh lipstik dengan densitas warna dan angka sun protecting factor (SPF) yang optimal. Penambahan titanium dioksida berefek positif terhadap densitas warna lipstik. Optimasi dengan Design Expert® menunjukan bahwa kombinasi ekstrak etanolik kulit buah naga merah sebesar 9,5% dan titanium dioksida sebesar 5,5 % terhadap bobot lipstik diprediksi akan memberikan nilai densitas warna dan SPF yang paling optimum. Pembuatan produk dengan formula optimum pada skala kecil memiliki nilai SPF yang tidak berbeda signifikan dibandingkan dengan nilai prediksi sedangkan densitas yang dihasilkan formula optimum sedikit lebih tinggi dari nilai prediksi. Lipstik yang dibuat menurut formula optimum memiliki titik lebur dan nilai pH yang memenuhi syarat namun memiliki tingkat kekerasan yang lebih tinggi dan daya oles lebih rendah dari produk pembanding. Secara umum, lipstik dari formula optimum menghasilkan warna pastel merah muda. Pengembangan ekstrak kulit buah naga merah sebagai pewarna alami sediaan lipstik perlu disempurnakan agar diperoleh kestabilan warna ekstrak.Kata kunci: lipstik, pewarna alami, ekstrak kulit buah naga merah, formula optimum
Local and 2-Local Derivations of Locally Simple Lie Algebras
Authors: Ayupov Sh. A. , Kudaybergenov K. M. , Yusupov B. T. 
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we study a two-state Hard-Core (HC) model with activity λ0{\lambda >0} on a Cayley tree of order k ≥2{k \ge 2}. It is known that there are λcr{\lambda_{cr}}, λcr0{\lambda_{cr}^0} and λcr'{\lambda_{cr}^'} such that

for λ≤λcr{\lambda \le \lambda_{cr}} this model has a unique Gibbs measure λ0{\lambda >0}, which is translation invariant. The measure λ0{\lambda >0} is extreme for λλcr0{\lambda < \lambda_{cr}^0} and not extreme for λλcr'{\lambda > \lambda_{cr}^'};
for λλcr{\lambda > \lambda_{cr}} there exist exactly three 2-periodic Gibbs measures, one of which is μ*{\mu^*}, the other two are not translation-invariant and are always extreme.

The extremity of these periodic measures was proved using the maximality and minimality of the corresponding solutions of some equation, which ensures the consistency of these measures. In this paper, we give a brief overview of the known Gibbs measures for the HC-model and an alternative proof of the extremity of 2-periodic measures for k=2,3{k = 2 , 3}. Our proof is based on the tree reconstruction method.
Fatigue Life Analysis of Key Components of CT601-8 Operating Mechanism Based on Local Stress-strain Method
Authors: Zhu Ye , Wu Ben , Ding Gengxin , Song Guangmin , Wu Jianda 
Published: April 2022

Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to calculate the fatigue life
of the key components of CT601-8 operating mechanism affected by the
impact loading at high crash rate, a modified local stress-strain method
is proposed. In order to solve the problem that the stress-time curve of
roller pin shaft can not be measured in the impact process, the static
simulation of the whole model is carried out. Then combined with the
display dynamic LS-DYNA numerical calculation, the stress dynamic
changes of key parts are obtained. Last by comparing the measured data
with the simulation results and according to the modified Manson-Coffin
formula, the model for calculating the impact-fatigue life is obtained.
The results show that the stress concentration part of roller and door
lock slab is the same as the failure zone of parts in the actual test
process, and the equivalent stress of door lock slab is similar to the
simulation results with the relative error of 18.27%. The fatigue life
obtained by the modified local stress-strain method is 1862 times,
12.3% different from the actual life. The simulation results have
important reference value for the calculation of the fatigue life of
this type of spring operating mechanism. Key words:
Follow in Footsteps: The First CPAs of 1896–1897 and Accounting Occupation Adoption by the Next Generation
Authors: Roberts Diane H. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
The first CPA legislation in America was passed by New York State in 1896. This paper examines the identity and characteristics of the first group of men that earned CPA certificates, and then traces the careers pursued by their progeny. The firms led by the first CPAs were congregated in New York's financial district and near City Hall, and included precursors of the Big 8 firms that dominated the profession during the 1970s and 1980s. The extent to which the first CPAs' occupation was transferred to their offspring was examined next, using record linkage methodology. The analysis showed that many offspring of the initial group of CPAs pursued careers in accounting, business, or law, although this occupation transfer was gendered, since only sons became CPAs. Thriving occupations are passed on to the next generation and the success of CPA children is an indicator that the accounting profession was successful.
Effect of amygdalin on MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and T-47D breast cancer cells in the in vitro study
Authors: Zielińska Aleksandra , Płonka-Czerw Justyna , Nowak Agnieszka , Kuśmierz Dariusz 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Amygdalin is a chemical compound found in the seeds of many edible plants. Different studies using cancer cell cultures in vitro indicate its potential anti-cancer activity. Various types of cancer cells showed different responses to different doses of amygdalin. This may suggest many in vitro models of the activity of this compound. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of amygdalin on MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and T-47D breast cancer cells and on HFF-1 normal dermal fibroblasts (control cell culture) in vitro. Cell proliferation, viability, and the changes in mRNA transcript levels of basic proteins (BAX, caspase 3 and BCL-2) involved in apoptosis were analyzed.

Materials and Methods
MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, T-47D, and HFF-1 cell lines were purchased from the ATCC. Amygdalin derived from apricot kernels was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. CVDE, WST-1, and LDH assays were used to evaluate the effects of amygdalin on cell proliferation and viability. Molecular evaluation of gene transcription levels was performed using the RT-qPCR technique.

Results
Amygdalin causes a dose-dependent decrease in proliferation and metabolic activity of MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and T-47D cells in the in vitro cultures. In all cell cultures amygdalin affects the mRNA levels of pro-apoptotic BAX and caspase 3 proteins and anti-apoptotic BCL-2 protein.

Conclusions
Amygdalin anti-cancer activity may be selective in relation to different cell types. It seems that examined breast cancer cells are more sensitive to amygdalin than normal cells.
Bacterias Gram negativas biodegradadoras de hidrocarburos
Authors: Rabelo Florez Roger Alberto , Márquez Gómez Marco Antonio 
Published: April 2022

El objetivo principal del presente artículo es realizar una revisión bibliográfica acerca de las bacterias Gram negativas más relevantes que biodegradan hidrocarburo y revisar las técnicas de biodegradación utilizadas. Esta revisión se desarrolló en dos etapas. La primera, es un mapeo científico del tema, a través de unos parámetros de búsqueda bibliométrica registrada en Scopus, Redalyc, Scielo, Dialnet, Latindex, Nature Microbiology, entre otras y en el motor de búsquedade Google Académico, y la segunda, un análisis de red que permite identificar los documentos más relevantes. En este proceso, se encontró que los géneros bacterianos Gram negativos más representativos en biodegradar hidrocarburo son Alcanivorax spp., Bacteriovorax spp., Burkholderia spp., Chromobacterium spp., Citrobacter spp., entre otras. Estas bacterias logran biodegradar los hidrocarburos, gracias a la síntesis de los biosurfactantes, a través de las técnicas in situ y ex situ. Esta revisión es importante, pues brinda suficiente información referente a las bacterias que logran biodegradar el petróleo y sus derivados, relaciona los principales biosurfactantes usados y describe las técnicas de biodegradación.
FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT, NUTRITION, LOADING SHOVELS AND MEASURES OF STRUGGLE IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE ARAL REGION
Authors: Шамуратова Н.Г. , Норкулов А.Н. 
Published: April 2022

В статье представлено опрыскивание люцерников инсектицидами суми-альфа (0,6 л/га) или цимбуш (0,3 л/га) обеспечивает получение высокой (91–93%) биологической эффективности против подгрызающих совок.
The article presents the spraying of alfalfa with insecticides sumi-alpha (0.6 l / ha) or cymbush (0.3 l / ha) provides high (91–93%) biological effectiveness against gnawing moths.
Offshore Exploration For Hydrocarbons In Indonesia
Authors: Situmorang Dr. B 
Published: April 2022

Indonesian offshore areas in 1985 are still the loci of an active exploration program. Exploration activities are anticipated to be at the same level as in 1984. A new ofl field in the East Java Sea (the Madura field) began production in September 1985 with initial production of 10.9 MBOPD. The month of August 1985 is marked by the significant oil and gas discovery in the Banggai basin, offshore East Sulawesi, where the Tlaka-1 exploratory well flowed 3864 BOPD (29° API) and 1.1 MMSCF gas (60 ppm HS) from Middle Miocene plat-form carbonates. Together with exploration drillings in the area beyond the continental shelf which have been started since February 1984 such as in the area north of Lombok, the discovery will encrease enthusiasm for exploration of the frontier areas especially in the geologically complex reglon of Eastern Indonesia. It also reveals that potential accumulation of hydrocarbons could also occur within the collision complex.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH SISIK IKAN MUJAIR SEBAGAI GELATIN MENGGUNAKAN METODE EKSTRAKSI
Authors: Aulia Mira , Bahri Syamsul , Ibrahim Ishak , Sulhatun Sulhatun , Nurlaila Rizka 
Published: April 2022

Sisik ikan mujair (Oreochromis mossambicus) merupakan bagian terluar pada tubuh dari ikan mujair jenis ikan air tawar yang terlihat berhelai-helai semacam lapisan kulit keras berbentuk kepingan kecil yang kaku berfungsi sebagai pelindung tubuh,Gelatin merupakan bahan tambah pangan yang digunakan dalam pengental, penstabil makanan. Gelatin merupakan salah satu jenis protein yang berbentuk gel yang didapatkan dari hasil denaturasi kolagen kulit, tulang dan jaringan ikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi waktu ekstraksi terhadap kualitas gelatin dari sisik ikan mujair, mengetahui jumlah rendemen tertinggi terhadap kualitas gelatin dari sisik ikan mujair dan mengetahui perbandingan karakteristik gelatin yang diperoleh dari sisik ikan mujair dengan standar gelatin komersial Proses ekstraksi gelatin dari bahan sisik ikan mujair menggunakan asam HCl dengan parameter rendemen, kadar air. Proses perendaman dilakukan variasi 8,10,12,14 dan 16 jam dengan konsentrasi HCl 4%. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai produk tertinggi dihasilkan pada waktu Ekstraksi 5 jam dengan waktu perendaman 16 jam sebanyak 0,5356 sedangkan produk terendah pada waktu ekstraksi 7 dengan waktu perendaman 8 jam yaitu 0,2879 dan nilai rendemen tertinggi dihasilkan pada waktu Ekstraksi 5 jam dengan waktu perendaman 16 jam sebanyak 2,67% sedangkan rendemen terendah pada waktu ekstraksi 7 dengan waktu perendaman 8 jam yaitu 1,43%. nilai kadar air tertinggi dihasilkan pada waktu Ekstraksi 5 jam dengan waktu perendaman 16 jam sebanyak 14,95% sedangkan kadar air terendah pada waktu ekstraksi 7 dengan waktu perendaman 8 jam yaitu 8,79%.
A 12-month retrospective study of outcomes of COVID-19 drive-through swabbing hubs’ screening of asymptomatic population in Qatar
Authors: Al-Kuwari Mohamed G. , Abdulmalik Mariam A. , Mohammed Azza M. , Abushaikha Shaikha , Kandy Mujeeb C. 
Published: April 2022

Background There are gaps in understanding the prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among asymptomatic persons in the Middle East including Qatar. The aim of the study was to estimate the point prevalence of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), testing positivity rates and risk factors associated with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positivity among asymptomatic people identified through active population surveillance. Methods This study was based on a retrospective identification of asymptomatic adults who have not been previously diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection. It includes subjects who were tested using RT-PCR between June 1st , 2020 and May 31st of 2021 at the Primary Health Care Corporation’s (PHCC) drive-through testing hubs. The testing data was extracted from the national SARS-CoV-2 PCR database. Sociodemographic characteristics and comorbidities were extracted from the medical records. Results A total of 148,735 subjects were tested; 5,848 positives, corresponding to a point prevalence of 3.93 (95% confidence interval, CI=3.83-4.03). RT-PCR positivity was higher among women and younger people (30-49 years old; P< 0.001). Logistic regression identified age, nationality, chronic comorbidity, and geographical location as significant predictors of asymptomatic infection. The adjusted odds of positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test were lower among older people, with the odds ratio 0.81 (95% CI=0.75-0.88), and those with multiple chronic conditions 0.87 (95% CI=0.81-0.94). The odds of a positive SARS-CoV-2 were higher among persons from South Asian nationalities . Residents of Central and Western regions had higher odds at 3.37 (95% CI=3.05-3.73) and 1.86 (95% CI=1.68-2.07), respectively. Hypertension (12.8%) and diabetes (12.1%) were the most common comorbidities detected among asymptomatic subjects. Conclusions Active community testing implemented through the PHCC’s drive-through swabbing hubs offers a valuable opportunity to identify asymptomatic COVID-19 cases and reduce the spread of the disease.
Produção brasileira de teses e dissertações sobre consulta de enfermagem: estudo de natureza bibliométrica
Authors: Menezes Harlon França de , Souza Flávia Silva de , Viana Lígia de Oliveira , Pinto Ana Cristina Silva , Rufino Cleide Gonçalo 
Published: April 2022

O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar o panorama da produção científica sobre Consulta de Enfermagem a partir dosresumos de teses e dissertações publicadas por enfermeiros no Brasil, entre os anos de 2001 e 2015. Trata-se de umestudo de natureza bibliométrica, descritivo, de abordagem quantitativa, de base documental. Os dados foram coletadosnos Catálogos de Teses e Dissertações do Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas em Enfermagem da Associação Brasileira deEnfermagem. Como resultados, foram encontrados 6.346 estudos, sendo que 87 na temática da Consulta de Enfermagem,predominando 77 (88,5%) dissertações de mestrado e 10 (11,5%) teses de doutorado. A maior produção foi na regiãoSudeste e Nordeste (80,5%), com maior incremento nos anos de 2001, 2005 e 2012, (40,2%) onde a abordagem qualitativafoi o tipo mais predominante (66,7%), e que abrange os grupos humanos e os estudos metodológicos. Conclui-se que aprodução intelectual na temática revelou-se expressiva e presente, e aponta para a preocupação dos pesquisadores naadoção de modelos teóricos e conceituais.Palavras-chave: Cuidados de Enfermagem; Indicadores de Produção Científica; Educação de Pós-Graduação emEnfermagem.
ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to characterize the landscape of scientific production on nursing consultation from thesesand dissertations abstracts published by nurses in Brazil, between 2001 and 2015. It is a study of bibliometric,descriptive of quantitative approach, document basis. Data were collected in the catalogs of Theses and Dissertationsof the Center for Studies and Research in Nursing of the Brazilian Nursing Association. As a result, 6,346 studieswere found, and 87 on the theme of Nursing Consultation, predominantly 77 (88.5%) dissertations and 10 (11.5%)of doctoral theses. The highest production was in the Southeast and Northeast (80.5%), most of which occurred in2001, 2005 and 2012 (40.2%) where the qualitative approach was the most predominant type (66.7%), and coveringhuman groups and methodological studies. We conclude that the intellectual production in the subject proved tobe expressive and present, and points to the concern of researchers in the adoption of theoretical and conceptualmodels.Keywords: Nursing Care; Scientific Publication Indicators; Education Nursing Graduate.
“Nie zdołam wejść w jej buty ani los”. O biografii jako auto/biografii w twórczości drugiego pokolenia
Authors: Kusek Robert , Szczepan Aleksandra 
Published: April 2022

Artykuł proponuje nową perspektywę w badaniu auto/biograficznej twórczości potomków ocalałych z Zagłady, tj. potraktowanie biografii jako modusu drugopokoleniowej autobiografii. Na podstawie analizy książki Agaty Tuszyńskiej Oskarżona: Wiera Gran (2010) o ocalałej z Zagłady żydowsko-polskiej śpiewaczce autorzy argumentują, że w tym przypadku biografia ocalałej staje się laboratorium rozumienia własnego doświadczenia dla przedstawicielki pokolenia postpamięci. Artykuł ponadto pokazuje, jak w heterogenicznej formie gatunkowej auto/biografii niczym w soczewce skupiają się podstawowe problemy zarówno refleksji o Zagładzie, jak i badań nad życiopisaniem: kwestie identyfikacji, stosowności, wiktymizacji, autentyczności, prawdziwości czy konstruktów kulturowych dotyczących płci.