bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ivy sign in moyamoya disease
Authors: Yue Li , Li Wanjiang , Xia Chunchao , Tan Jing , Xiao Anqi , Liu Yi , Sun Haogeng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background:Moyamoya disease can not be found commonly as a rare type compared to other vascular diseases, such as intracranial aneurysms. However, it can not be ignored for its high fatality and disability rate. In addition, the exact pathogenesis study of this disease is still on the way. The ivy sign is always observed in moyamoya disease (MMD), but the clinical importance of this sign in MMD isn't known. The main purpose of this research was to specifically investigate the clinical significance.Methods:The patients with moyamoya disease were hospitalized from January 2016 to 2020, it’s a retrospective cohort study to gather the baseline clinical and imaging study. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board and Ethics Committee of West China Hospital, Sichuan University (No. 2018-219), Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study，all experiments were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. In the analysis, univariate and multivariate logistic regression was utilized to testify whether ivy sign was independently associated with MMD characteristics, including cerebrovascular morphology, cerebral hemodynamics, cerebrovascular events, and postoperative collateral formation (PCF).Results:156 patients were included with 312 hemispheres (Table 1). As for the result of multivariate logistic regression analysis, we could discover a fact that ivy sign was tightly connected to the Suzuki stage ≥IV(OR,1.386;95%CI,1.055-1.822;p=0.019（Table2）), rCBF(cerebral blood flow) decreased type (OR,2.330;95%CI,1.733-3.133;p=0.000（Table3）), age acted as a protective factor for rCBF(OR, 0.966; 95%CI,0.946-0.986;p=0.001, the elder was more likely associated with decreased rCBF. ivy sign also played a significant role in Ischemic cerebrovascular events(OR,5.653;95%CI,3.092-10.336; p=0.003(Table5)), their remarkable connection could be seen in the study. We could also find that ivy was closely connected to good postoperative collateral formation (PCF)( OR,2.830;95%CI,1.329-6.027; p=0.007(Table4), we couldn't ignore that age was associated with good PCF as well(OR, 0.933;95%CI, 0.882-0.987; p=0.015).Discussion:We could be more aware of the connection between ivy signs and moyamoya disease from this study, to implement diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis more efficiently.
Preclinical evaluation of a brain penetrant PARP PET imaging probe in rat glioblastoma and nonhuman primates
Authors: Chen Baosheng , Ojha Devi Prasan , Toyonaga Takuya , Tong Jie , Pracitto Richard , Thomas Monique A. , Liu Michael , Kapinos Michael , Zhang Li , Zheng Ming-Qiang , Holden Daniel , Fowles Krista , Ropchan Jim , Nabulsi Nabeel , De Feyter Henk , Carson Richard E. , Huang Yiyun , Cai Zhengxin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose Currently, there are multiple active clinical trials involving poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in the treatment of glioblastoma. The noninvasive quantification of baseline PARP expression using positron emission tomography (PET) may provide prognostic information and lead to more precise treatment. Due to the lack of brain-penetrant PARP imaging agents, the reliable and accurate in vivo quantification of PARP in the brain remains elusive. Herein, we report the synthesis of a brain-penetrant PARP PET tracer, (R)-2-(2-methyl-1-(methyl-11C)pyrrolidin-2-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-4-carboxamide ([11C]PyBic), and its preclinical evaluations in a syngeneic RG2 rat glioblastoma model and healthy nonhuman primates.
Methods We synthesized [11C]PyBic using veliparib as the labeling precursor, performed dynamic PET scans on RG2 tumor-bearing rats and calculated the distribution volume ratio (DVR) using simplified reference region method 2 (SRTM2) with the contralateral nontumor brain region as the reference region. We performed biodistribution studies, western blot, and immunostaining studies to validate the in vivo PET quantification results. We characterized the brain kinetics and binding specificity of [11C]PyBic in nonhuman primates on FOCUS220 scanner and calculated the volume of distribution (VT), nondisplaceable volume of distribution (VND), and nondisplaceable binding potential (BPND) in selected brain regions.
Results [11C]PyBic was synthesized efficiently in one step, with greater than 97% radiochemical and chemical purity and molar activity of 148 ± 85 MBq/nmol (n = 6). [11C]PyBic demonstrated PARP-specific binding in RG2 tumors, with 74% of tracer binding in tumors blocked by preinjected veliparib (i.v., 5 mg/kg). The in vivo PET imaging results were corroborated by ex vivo biodistribution, PARP1 immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting data. Furthermore, brain penetration of [11C]PyBic was confirmed by quantitative monkey brain PET, which showed high specific uptake (BPND > 3) and low nonspecific uptake (VND < 3 mL/cm3) in the monkey brain.
Conclusion [11C]PyBic is the first brain-penetrant PARP PET tracer validated in a rat glioblastoma model and healthy nonhuman primates. The brain kinetics of [11C]PyBic are suitable for noninvasive quantification of available PARP binding in the brain, which posits [11C]PyBic to have broad applications in oncology and neuroimaging.
Persistent high levels of carcinoembryonic antigen after tumor-resection are associated with poorer survival outcomes in patients with resected colorectal cancer
Authors: Muñoz-Montaño Wendy R. , López-Basave Horacio , Sánchez-Trejo Karen , Sandoval Rodrigo Catalán , Díaz-Romero Consuelo , Lino-Silva Leonardo , Diaz Andrea Maliachi , Ruiz-García Erika , Herrera-Martínez Marytere , Calderillo-Ruiz Germán , Castillo-Morales Carolina , Castillo-Morales Alison 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: In locoregional colon cancer, interindividual survival and recurrence rates following surgical resection are highly variable. The aim of the present study was to determine whether elevated preoperative and postoperative CEA values are useful prognostic biomarkers for patients with stage I - III colon cancer that underwent surgery with curative intent.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in patients with histologically confirmed stage I–III primary colonic adenocarcinoma who underwent radical surgical resection at Mexico’s National Institute of Cancer, between 2008 and 2020. We determined preoperative and posoperative CEA, and to review the association of the score with poorer survival outcomes in patients with resected colorectal cancer: overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).
Results: We included 640 patients with stages I and III colon cáncer, preoperative CEA levels were in the normal range in 460 (group A) and above the reference value in 180. Of the 180 patients with elevated preoperative CEA levels, 134 (group B) presented normalized CEA levels after surgery and 46 (group C) remained with CEA above reference values after surgery. Median follow- up was 46.4 months (range, 4.9–147.4 months). Median DFS was significantly shorter in Group C: 55.5 months (95% CI 39.6-71.3) than in the other two groups [Group A: 77.1 months (95% CI 72.6-81.6)]; Group B: 75.7 months (95% CI 66.8-84.5) (p-value<0.001)]. Overall survival was also significantly worse in group C [57.1 (95% CI 37.8-76.3) months] than in group A [82.8 (95% CI 78.6-86.9 months] and group B [87.1 (95% CI 79.6-94.5 months] (p-value = 0.002) To identify whether change in CEA levels before and after surgery was an independent prongostic factor for survival outcomes, a Cox proportional hazard model was performed. In multivariate analysis, change in CEA level was a statistically significant independent prognostic factor for overall survival (p-value = 0.031)
Conclusions:When assessed in conjunction preoperative and postoperative CEA values are useful biomarkers for predicting survival outcomes in patients with resected CRC; prognosis is worse for patients with elevated pre and post-surgical CEA values; however, it is similar in patients with normal post-surgical values, regardless of their pre-surgery values.
Examining The Correlation between Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and eNOS G894 T Polymorphism
Authors: kargün kürşat 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia. AF is a serious health problem since it causes discomfort, heart failures and strokes in patients. This study aims to identify the possible role of eNOS G894T polymorphisms in AF incidents.
Methods
73 individuals were included in the study with age average of 63.47 ± 9.10 who received EKG (electrocardiogram) at Elazig Training and Research Hospital Cardiology Department. 92 individuals with age average of 60.71 ± 9.14 who were confirmed to have no heart condition were included in the study as control group. The genomic DNAs of Control and AF groups were isolated from full blood. eNOS G894T polymorphism was detected with a real-time PZR device using kits. This study was conducted between the 2018 march and December. ethics committee university ethics committee 04/09/2018 Received with the management number 279476. This study was conducted between September and December 2018. It was received with the letter of the Ethics Committee of Fırat University Ethics Committee dated 04/09/2018 and numbered 279476.
Results
The significance of hypertension between AF patient and control groups was detected (p < 0,023), yet no significance was detected between diabetes, smoking and body mass index ((p > 0,004). Significant difference was observed between control group and AF group regarding eNOS G894T polymorphism (p < 0.0001).
Conclusions
As a result, it is concluded that variants of eNOS G894 T can be considered as a risk factor for AF.
Topic modeling for multi-omic integration in the human gut microbiome and implications for Autism
Authors: Tataru Christine , Peras Marie , Rutherford Erica , Dunlap Kaiti , Yin Xiaochen , Chrisman Brianna S. , DeSantis Todd Z. , Wall Dennis P. , Iwai Shoko , David Maude M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
While healthy gut microbiomes are critical to human health, pertinent microbial processes remain largely undefined, partially due to differential bias among profiling techniques. By simultaneously integrating multiple profiling methods, multi-omic analysis can define generalizable microbial processes, and is especially useful in understanding complex conditions such as Autism. Challenges with integrating heterogeneous data produced by multiple profiling methods can be overcome using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), a promising natural language processing technique that identifies topics in heterogeneous documents. In this study, we apply LDA to multi-omic microbial data (16S rRNA amplicon, shotgun metagenomic, shotgun metatranscrip-tomic, and untargeted metabolomic profiling) from the stool of 81 children with and without Autism. We identify topics, or microbial processes, that summarize complex phenomena occurring within gut microbial communities. We then subset stool samples by topic distribution, and identify metabolites, specifically neurotransmitter precursors and fatty acid derivatives, that differ significantly between children with and without Autism. We identify clusters of topics, deemed "cross-omic topics", which we hypothesize are representative of generalizable microbial processes observable regardless of profiling method. Interpreting topics, we find each represents a particular diet, and we heuristically label each cross-omic topic as: healthy/general function, age-associated function, transcriptional regulation, and opportunistic pathogenesis.
SOD2 promotes gastric tumorigenesis mediated by Helicobacter pylori and enhances resistance to 5-fluorouracil in gastric cancer
Authors: Fu Hongbing , Zhang Yu , Zhang Xin , Yao Jun , Yang Dejun , Wei Ziran , Zhu Zhenxin , Xu Jiapeng , Hu Zunqi , You Qing , Yan Ronglin , Wang Weijun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the most common risk factor for gastric cancer (GC). The effect of the antioxidase manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2 or MnSOD) in gastric tumorigenesis remains unclear.
Methods: We explored the molecular and mechanical links between H. pylori, inflammation, and SOD2 in GC. RNA sequencing was conducted to identify the differentially expressed mRNAs between H. pylori-infected and uninfected cells. The putative role of SOD2 in gastric tumorigenesis in response to H. pylori infection was investigated in vitro and in vivo.
Results: SOD2 is upregulated in GC. GC patients with high SOD2 expression clearly showed worse overall survival. H. pylori infection promoted SOD2 expression by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway. Knockdown of SOD2 led to increased levels of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress in response to H. pylori infection. Meanwhile, the NF-κB binding site in the SOD2promoter region was evaluated through luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. SOD2 acted as an inhibitor of ferroptosis in GC cells, and SOD2 inhibition significantly sensitized GC cells to 5-fluorouracil treatment.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that activation of the NF-κB pathway in GC cells infected with H. pylori leads to the upregulation of SOD2. Considering the prosurvival oncogenic features of SOD2 overexpression, our study further supports a novel relationship between infection, inflammation, and gastric carcinogenesis. Our results indicate that SOD2 may be a promising therapeutic candidate for GC.
Tumor Collagens Predict Genetic Features and Patient Outcomes
Authors: Brodsky Alexander , Guo Kevin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a critical determinant of tumor fate that reflects the output from myriad cell types in the tumor.
The impact of ECM composition on patient outcomes remains largely unknown. Collagens constitute the principal substrate of
the tumor ECM and yet have been largely overlooked as simple structural proteins. When RNA transcription from solid tumors
in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was retrospectively analyzed for expression patterns across the 43 human collagen
genes, strong associations with survival, specific immunoenvironments, somatic gene mutations, copy number variations, and aneuploidy were revealed in all cancer types. Clustering by matrisome and collagen expression grouped tumors by tissue of origin. We developed a machine learning classifier that predicts aneuploidy, and chromosome arm copy number alteration
(CNA) status based on collagen expression alone with high accuracy in many cancer types, suggesting a strong relationship
between ECM context and specific molecular alterations. These findings have broad implications in defining the relationship
between cancer-related genetic defects and the tumor microenvironment to improve prognosis and therapeutic targeting for patient care, opening new avenues of investigation to define tumor ecosystems.
Clinical Characteristics and Therapeutic Effects of Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Pneumonitis in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Pang Li , Xie Mei , Ma Xidong , Huang Aiben , Song Jialin , Yao Jie , Deng Hui , Zhang Duchao , Zang Xuelei , Ren Fangping , Gao Jie , Wu Chongchong , Wang Yuanyong , Zhang Xin , Bao Xinyu , Pan Lei , Xue Xinying 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: With the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer treatment, more and more attention has been paid to checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (CIP), which requires a better understanding of its clinical characteristics and therapeutic effects.
Methods: The clinical data of 704 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received immunotherapy were analyzed retrospectively; the clinical and imaging data were analyzed; the clinical characteristics of CIP were summarized, and the therapeutic regimens and effects of the patients were summarized.
Results: 36 CIP patients were included in the research. The most common clinical symptoms were cough, shortness of breath and fever. The CT manifestations were summarized as follows: Organizing pneumonia (OP) in 14 cases (38.9%) , nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) in 14 cases (38.9%) , hypersensitiviy pneumonitis(HP) in 2 cases (6.3%) , diffuse alveolar damage in 1 case (3.1%) and atypical imaging anifestations in 5 cases (13.9%). 35 cases received glucocorticoid therapy, 6 patients were treated with gamma globulin and 1 patient was treated with tocilizumab. There were no deaths in CIP G1-2 patients and 7 deaths occured in CIP G3-4 patients. 4 patients were treated again with ICIs.
Conclusion: We found that glucocorticoid 1-2 mg/kg was effective for most patients with moderate to severe CIP, and a few patients with hormone insensitivity needed early immunosuppressive therapy. A few patients can be rechallenged with ICIs, but CIP recurrence needs to be closely monitored.
The Toba eruption 74,000 years ago strengthened the Indian winter monsoon
Authors: Guballa Jose Dominick , Bollmann Jörg , Schmidt Katherine , Lueckge Andreas 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The global impact of the Youngest Toba Tuff (YTT) supereruption ~74,000 years (ka) ago is still heavily debated, ranging from having insignificant effects on climate to severely affecting modern human evolution. Climate models and terrestrial proxy records show that the YTT eruption may have caused cooling of the Asian landmass, thus impacting regional climate such as the Indian monsoon system. However, the immediate effect of the eruption on the Indian monsoon has not been indisputably demonstrated in any proxy record. Here, we present a nearly annual phytoplankton-based primary productivity (PP) record from the northeastern Arabian Sea and show that PP increased by ~65% for about 10–20 years after the eruption. The elevated PP is most likely linked to the deepening of the ocean mixed layer driven by strengthened northeasterly Indian winter monsoon winds, supporting previous modeling studies and demonstrating unequivocal evidence from a marine record for an Indian monsoon response to the YTT eruption. Conversely, the intensified winds might have decreased PP off Somalia as observed today during winter and reduced the marine food supply of early humans in the region—a factor that may have contributed to the postulated migration window during this time.
Real-world data on bio-clinical follow-up after vaccination with Pfizer-BioNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 in 216 patients with hematological malignancies
Authors: Rossi Jean-François , Bonnet Emmanuel , Castelli Christel , Velensek Marion , Wisniewski Emma , Heraud Sophie , Boustany Rania , David Céleste , Dinet Jérôme , Sicard Roland , Daures Jean-Pierre , Bonifacy Marion , Mousset Lysiane , Goffart Emmanuel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Hematological malignancies patients (HM) have heterogeneous serological response after vaccination.
Real-world data.
216 patients with HM and 12 non-malignant hemopathies received BNT162b2 COVID-19 and monitored for >1 year. The first 43 patients had initial follow-up by telemedicine system (TM). Anti-Spike IgG antibodies were monitored 3-4 weeks post-1st vaccination and every 3-4 months, by 2 standard bioassays and a rapid serological test (RST). Vaccine boosts were given when the level was <7BAU/mL. Patients who did not seroconvert after 3-4 doses received tixagevimab/cilgavimab (TC).
Follow-up and results.
Tolerance using TM was good. 15 results were discordant between 2 standard bioassays. Good agreement was observed between standard and RST on 97 samples. After 2 doses, 68% were seroconverted (median 59 BAU/mL) with a median of 162 BAU/mL in untreated patients and 9 BAU/mL in treated patients (P<0.001), particularly for patients receiving rituximab. Patients with low levels of gammaglobulin levels (<5g/L) had reduced seroconversion (p=0.019). Median levels were 228 BAU/mL post-2nd dose if seroconverted post-1st and 2, if seronconverted only post-2nd. 68% of post-2nd negative patients were post-3rd positive. 16 pts received TC, 6 with non-severe symptomatic COVID-19 within 15-40 days.
Conclusion:
Personalized serological monitoring must be applicated particularly for HM patients.
The driving factors of water use and its decoupling relationship with economic development: A multi-sectoral perspective
Authors: Wang Tianzi , Jian Shengqi , Wang Huiliang , Yan Denghua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

The water resource situation in China is severe, and conflicts between the supply and demand of water resources are prominent. Competition for water from key sectors, such as agriculture, industry, and domestic use, is widespread. The Yellow River, as one of the longest rivers in the world, is an important economic belt and an ecological barrier in China. This study considered the nine provinces along the Yellow River as the study area and the three major water-use sectors: agriculture, industry, and domestic as the research objects. The drivers of water consumption in each sector in the nine provinces along the Yellow River were analyzed using the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index method. Based on this, a decoupling model was used to explore the relationship between water use in each sector and the corresponding level of economic development. It was found that water use intensity and economic development level were the largest negative and positive influencing factors on water use in each sector, respectively, and the opposite effects of the two may cause the Jevons paradox in water use. The overall agricultural water-saving level in the basin is high and has a large water-saving potential. The negative driving effect of the industrial structure was more significant in provinces with higher development levels. The positive driving effect of residents' consumption levels on domestic water use in rural areas was more obvious than in urban areas. The degree of decoupling between per capita and domestic water consumption in urban areas was the worst in the decoupling of water use in the agricultural, industrial, and domestic sectors and their corresponding levels of economic development. Therefore, focusing on areas with weak agricultural water conservation, promoting industrial structure upgrading, strengthening water conservation education in rural areas, and guiding the water-saving consumption habits of residents can promote the sustainable development of water resources in the provinces along the Yellow River. The research results provide insights into water conservation management in the Yellow River Basin.