bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De l’animal au territoire, regards sur l’efficience de l’azote dans les systèmes bovins laitiers
Authors: GODINOT Olivier , FORAY Sylvain , LEMOSQUET Sophie , DELABY Luc , ÉDOUARD Nadège 
Published: May 2022

Améliorer la valorisation de l’azote à toutes les étapes de son utilisation est une priorité, notamment en élevage où elle demeure relativement faible. Les indicateurs d’efficience azotée sont nombreux et basés sur des méthodes de calculs diverses selon le contexte et les échelles considérées. La littérature illustre un certain nombre de pratiques vertueuses, le plus souvent applicables à l’échelle de l’animal ou du troupeau, qui en améliorent la valorisation. Mais peu d’études présentent une vision intégrative de ces gains aux niveaux d’organisation supérieurs comme l’exploitation ou le territoire. Cet article rappelle tout d’abord les principales stratégies qui permettent d’augmenter l’efficience d’utilisation de l’azote à l’échelle de l’animal, de l’exploitation et du territoire. L’analyse de ces gains à différentes échelles met en évidence qu’une amélioration de l’efficience à un niveau donné n’induit pas systématiquement un gain d’efficience à l’étage supérieur ou pour l’ensemble du système. Par ailleurs, la recherche d’une efficience élevée ne garantit pas systématiquement une réduction des pertes azotées vers l’environnement : certains systèmes d’élevage les plus efficients sont aussi ceux qui génèrent le plus d’impacts du fait des quantités importantes d’azote utilisées. Les indicateurs d’efficience s’avèrent des outils utiles pour améliorer l’utilisation de l’azote dans les systèmes agricoles, mais ces ratios ne disent rien des quantités mises en jeu tant au numérateur qu’au dénominateur. Ils devraient donc être systématiquement associés à des indicateurs de pertes azotées pour une meilleure prise en compte des conséquences des systèmes agricoles sur les milieux naturels.
Les modifications ciblées du génome appliquées aux animaux d’élevage : à la croisée des controverses
Authors: DUCLOS Raphaëlle , DELANOUE Elsa , DOCKÈS Anne-Charlotte , JOURNAUX Laurent , SOURDIOUX Michel , BIDANEL Jean-Pierre 
Published: May 2022

Les outils de modification du génome sont nombreux et peuvent conduire à des utilisations variées : inactivation, mutation, suppression ou insertion d’un élément d’ADN ou d’un gène dans un organisme. Certaines méthodes induisent une modification aléatoire, tandis que d’autres, qui nous intéressent plus particulièrement, s’effectuent de manière ciblée. Quels que soit les outils choisis, les types de modification réalisés ou la finalité de ces modifications, il s’agit d’un sujet controversé. Cet article s’intéresse aux débats qu’engendre la potentielle application aux animaux d’élevage de ces outils génétiques et cherche à montrer que ce sujet, pour l’instant l’apanage de spécialistes, réunit toutes les conditions pour se transformer en controverse publique. Une première partie revient sur les principales incertitudes que soulève le sujet et s’arrête sur les débats entourant le cadre juridique. Nous explorons ensuite les approches thématiques possibles du sujet, en revenant sur la controverse autour des OGM et le cas du saumon produit par la société Aquabounty aux états-Unis, jusqu’à récemment l’unique Animal Génétiquement Modifié (AGM) autorisé sur le marché alimentaire. Une troisième partie présente les acteurs qui s’expriment sur le sujet et les rares évocations des AGM en France confirment que le sujet reste confiné au milieu scientifique et professionnel, l’AGM devenant alors un révélateur de dynamiques relationnelles qu’entretiennent sciences et société. Enfin, nous montrons que, bien que les acteurs de la société civile ne se sont pas encore emparés du sujet, les rares prises de position observées laissent penser que l’intéressement par le prisme du bien-être animal ne fonctionne pas.
Consequences of the catastrophic wildfire in 2020 for the soil cover of the Utrish State Nature Reserve
Authors: Kazeev Kamil , Vilkova Valeria , Shkhapatsev Aslan , Bykhalova Olga , Rudenok Yana , Nizhelskiy Мikhail , Kolesnikov Sergey , Minkina Tatiana , Sushkova Svetlana , Mandzhieva Saglara , Rajput Vishnu D 
Published: May 2022

<p>Present work aimed to assess the impact of pyrogenic effect on the flora, and quality and health of soils of the Utrish Reserve. Studies performed on the territory of reserve within a month after the fire revealed that the areas showed varying degrees of damaged characteristics due to catastrophic fire. The entire damage was recorded in a 40-hectare region, while the vegetation on another 26 hectares of the reserve was damaged to a lesser extent. In total, 4,800 trees were eliminated, 73% of them belonged to rare and endangered species, such as Junipers (<em>Juniperus </em>spp.), Mt. Atlas mastic trees (<em>Pistacia mutica</em>), and Pitsunda pines (<em>Pinus brutia var. pityusa</em>). In the areas of severe disturbance, the soil surface was covered with a constant layer of ash two weeks after the fire. As a result, there was an increase in the pH values, and the chemical composition of brown soil (Cambisol) was determined after the fire. There was also an increase in the organic carbon content and peroxidase activity. Catalase activity, which is sensitive to pyrogenic effects, decreased in all soil samples obtained at post-pyrogenic areas. The effect of fire on the biological state of soils may diminish over time, however, the restoration of the damaged ecosystems may take hundreds of years. The results of this study can be used in assessing the damage to ecosystems after the wildfires, as well as in developing methods to accelerate the restoration of soils after a fire impact.</p>
Role of intraoperative feeding jejunostomy in esophageal cancer surgery
Authors: KIM MIN SOO , Shin Sumin , Kim Hong Kwan , Choi Yong Soo , Zo Jae Il , Shim Young Mog , Cho Jong Ho 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Feeding jejunostomy was routinely placed during esophagectomy to ensure postoperative enteral feeding. Improved anastomosis technique and early oral feeding strategy after esophagectomy has led to question the need for the routine placement of feeding jejunostomy. The aim of this study is to evaluate role of feeding jejunostomy during Ivor Lewis operation.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 414 patients who underwent the Ivor Lewis operations from January 2015 to December 2018. Results: 61 patients (14.7%) received jejunostomy insertion. The most common indication for jejunostomy was neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT). 48 patients (79%) had jejunostomy removed within 60 days after the surgery and the longest duration of jejunostomy inserted state was 121 days. About two-third of the patients with jejunostomy had never prescribed with an enteral feeding product. Among 353 patients without intraoperative feeding jejunostomy, 11(3.1%) received delayed jejunostomy insertion. Graft-related problems (6 patients), cancer progression (3 patients), acute lung injury (1 patient), and swallowing difficulty (1 patient) were reasons for delayed feeding jejunostomy insertion. Complication rate was relatively high as 24 patients (33.3%) out of 72 patients with jejunostomy insertion had complications and 7 patients (9.7%) visited ER more than twice with jejunostomy-related complications.Conclusion: Only 3.6% patients who underwent the Ivor Lewis operation during 4-year span had anastomosis leakage. Although one-third of the patients with jejunostomy were benefited with alternative method of feeding after discharge, high complication rate regarding jejunostomy should be also considered. We believe feeding jejunostomy should be applied to very selected patients with high risk factors.
Flame retardant hybrid composite manufacturing through reinforcing lignocellulosic and carbon fibers reinforced with epoxy resin (F@LC)
Authors: Hasan K M Faridul , Horváth Péter György , Bak Miklós , Bejó László , Alpár Tibor 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Novel flame retardant hybrid composites were developed from lignocellulosic and carbon fibers reinforced with epoxy resin using hot pressing technology. The size of the lignocellulosic fibers was within 0.045 to 0.8 mm and carbon fibers ranged from 5 mm to 8 mm. The nominal thickness of the composites was 10 mm, whereas the nominal density was 730 kg/m3. Composite dimensions were 400 mm × 400 mm. The developed panels were tested for internal bonding strength and flexural properties to investigate their mechanical performance. Furthermore, SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) test was conducted to examine the morphologies of the products before and after fracture and found substantial quantities of both types of fiber in the composite system. The EDX (Energy disruptive X-ray) analysis also displayed the chemical elements present in the developed products. Moreover, an FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) study showed strong chemical interactions among the lignocellulosic and carbon fibers with the thermosetting epoxy polymers. The flame retardancy tests of the composite materials also showed significant thermal stability, especially after loading carbon fibers in the composite system. Moreover, dimensional stability showed an improving trend with the increase of carbon fibers as the reinforcement. Overall, the composite materials developed using lignocellulosic and carbon fibers with epoxy resin is showing a novel route to develop composites with high mechanical performance and considerable flame retardancy.
Fatal systemic disorder caused by biallelic variants in FARSA
Authors: Kim Soo Yeon , Ko Saebom , Kang Hyunook , Kim Man Jin , Moon Jangsup , Lim Byung Chan , Kim Ki Joong , Choi Murim , Choi Hee-Jung , Chae Jong-Hee 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Aminoacyl tRNA transferases play an essential role in protein biosynthesis, and variants of these enzymes result in various human diseases. FARSA, which encodes the α subunit of cytosolic phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase, was recently reported as a suspected causal gene for multiorgan disorder. This study aimed to validate the pathogenicity of variants in the FARSA geneResults: Whole exome sequencing revealed novel compound heterozygous variants in FARSA, P347L and R475Q, from a patient who initially presented neonatal-onset failure to thrive, liver dysfunction, and frequent respiratory infections. His developmental milestones were nearly arrested, and the patient died at 28 months of age as a result of progressive hepatic and respiratory failure. The P347L variant was predicted to disrupt heterodimer interaction and fail to form a functional heterotetramer by structural and biochemical analyses. R475 is located at a highly conserved site and is reported to be involved in phenylalanine activation and transfer to tRNA. The variant showed an approximately 36% reduction in activity in our assay relative to the wild-type protein. Additional validations on variants from previous reports (N410K, F256L, R404C, and E418D) were conducted. The R404C variant from a patient waiting for organ transplantation also failed to form tetramers but yielded a milder phenotype when combined with the mild functional effect of E418D compared with R475Q. The N410K and F256L variants from a case with mildest phenotype did not affect tetramer formation.Conclusions: Our data demonstrated the pathogenicity of biallelic variants in FARSA and suggested the implication of hypomorphic variants in severe phenotypes.
Development and validation of a machine learning model to predict venous thromboembolism among hospitalized cancer patients
Authors: Meng Lingqi , Li Xuying , Huang Xinjuan , Wei Tao , Fan Rongrong , Su Haoze , Liu Jiahui , Wang Lijie , Qi Yi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Hospitalized cancer patients suffer a high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Guidelines suggested performing a personalized thromboprophylaxis guided by VTE risk assessment tools. Machine learning (ML) has advantages in data processing and model development. The study aimed to develop predictive models using four different ML methods and to compare their predictive performance.Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted from October 1, 2021 to February 30, 2022 in Hunan Cancer Hospital. A total of 1,100 hospitalized cancer patients were included. The outcome variable was the occurrence of VTE during hospitalization. Input variables, including patient, tumor, treatment and laboratory indicators characteristics, were trained for four ML models: Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost). Model performance was compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Features rankings were achieved according to the permutation scores of selected features in the optimal model.Results: A total of 1,100 patients (mean [SD] age, 54.75[11.08] years; 485[44.09%] male) were included in the study. There were 340 patients in the VTE group and 760 patients in the non-VTE group. XGBoost model showed the best predictive performance among four models, with AUROC value of 0.818 (95%CI: 0.762, 0.870). Performance of other three models were lower with the following AUROCs in the testing set: Logistic Regression, 0.757（95%CI: 0.689,0.816）; Support Vector Machine, 0.759（95%CI: 0.697,0.818）; and Random Forest, 0.743（95%CI: 0.678,0.808）. The most five significant features in XGBoost model were D-dimer, diabetes, hypertension, pleural metastasis and hematological malignancies. Conclusion: Four predictive models were developed using ML algorithms. XGBoost model was the optimal predictive model compared to other three ML models (Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, and Random Forest). This study indicates that ML may play an important role in VTE risk estimation among hospitalized cancer patients and provide reference for thromboprophylaxis.
UTI assessment tool for Intermittent Catheter users: INCLUDING user perspectives to improve the standard of care
Authors: Lauridsen* Susanne Vahr , Averbeck Márcio Augusto , Krassioukov Andrei , Vaabengaard Rikke , Athanasiadou Sotiria 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are among the most severe complications for users of intermittent catheterisation (IC), with numerous risk factors contributing to their occurrence. The aim of this project was to develop a tool to assess UTI risk factors among IC users in a systematic way that considers the perspective of the individual user. Methods: The UTI Risk Factors model by Kennelly et al. was used as a basis for the development of this tool. Insights on the appropriate content and format were collected via the Coloplast Nurse Advisory Boards and by conducting a literature review on user perspectives and practices in relation to UTIs. These insights were subsequently utilised to develop an appropriate format via the Design Thinking Process. Results: The literature search identified a total of 3,544 articles, out of which 22 met the inclusion criteria. Additionally, three rounds of meetings were conducted with approximately 90 nurses from the Coloplast Advisory Boards across Europe. The literature review showed that users describe their UTI symptoms in different terms and that personal needs and priorities impact their adherence and catheter selection. Furthermore, some users lack relevant and updated knowledge about IC and UTIs. The nurses described that correct UTI diagnosis is essential. They pointed that they would assess the user’s general condition, adherence, technique, and catheter type as potential areas of risk factors and emphasised the importance of adequate support for users. The work resulted in the development of the UTI assessment tool for intermittent catheter users, which comprises three elements: a guide for healthcare professionals, a dialogue board, and a notepad. The tool starts with a confirmation of the UTI incidence, and then assesses risk factors via questions on health, adherence, technique, and catheter, and concludes with a support section. Conclusions: The UTI assessment tool for intermittent catheter users is designed to help healthcare professionals assess UTI risk factors in a systematic way, while engaging users and taking their perspective into account. By identifying the relevant risk factors, the use of this tool has the potential to reduce the occurrence of UTIs for the individual IC user.
CDC50A might be a novel biomarker of epithelial ovarian cancer-initiating cells
Authors: Yin Jie , Wen Yiping , Zeng Jing , Zhang Yanyan , Chen Jiayu , Zhang Yanmei , Han Tiantian , Li Xiaoying , Huang Hong , Cai Yan , Jin Ying , Li Yan , Guo Wei , Pan Lingya 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The aim of this work was to screen and validate biomarkers of ovarian cancer-initiating cells to detect the mechanisms of recurrence of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Methods: Stably labelled the amino acid in side population (SP) cells of epithelial ovarian cancer which were rich in cancer-initiating cells and non-SP cells with isotope in culture and differentially expressed cellular membrane proteins in SP cells were identified through proteomics technology. The new candidate biomarker was screened and validated through RT-PCR and western blot. Both in cell lines and primary EOC, cancer-initiating biofunctions of CDC50A positive cells were validated. Moreover, the characteristics of mesenchymal transition (EMT) was also detected and the correlation between the biomarker and clinical prognosis was observed. Results: Through proteomics technology, candidate protein CDC50A was screened, and its significantly differential expression in SP cells was validated. CDC50A-positive cells from cell lines and primary ovarian cancer tissues were validated to show characteristics of cancer-initiating cells both in vitro and in vivo, including sphere-forming, self-renewal, differentiation, tumor metastasis and tumorigenicity in mice. The relationship between CDC50A-positive cells from primary tissues and tumor metastasis was confirmed based on their mesenchymal transition characteristics. Among 16 high-grade ovarian serous cancer patients, a high ratio of CDC50A-positive cells in primary tumours was correlated with a shorter platinum-free interval (p=0.031, RR 0.260, 95% CI 0.77~0.885). Conclusion: CDC50A might be a novel cell surface biomarker for epithelial ovarian cancer-initiating cells and could be a new target to resolve tumour development in EOC patients.
Centrosomal Protein 55 increases chromosomal instability in ovarian cancer cells by controlling microtubule dynamics
Authors: Muhs Stefanie , Joosse Simon A. , Paraschiakos Themistoklis , Schäfer Paula , Windhorst Sabine 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Centrosomal Protein 55 (CEP55) exhibits different oncogenic activities; it regulates the PI3K-Akt-pathway, cellular abscission and chromosomal instability (CIN) in cancer cells. While the mechanism of CEP55-controlled PI3K-Akt signaling and cellular abscission are well-understood, its role in CIN has not been elucidated yet. Thus, the focus of this study was to address this issue. Depletion of CEP55 in ovarian cancer cells decreased the CIN rate, increased spindle microtubule-dynamics and decreased spindle microtubule-stability. In addition, recombinant CEP55 accelerated microtubule-polymerization and attenuated cold-induced microtubule-depolymerization. To analyze a potential relationship between CEP55 controlled CIN and its impact on microtubule-dynamics, the CEP55 microtubule-binding peptides were identified and a mutant with deficient microtubule-binding activity re-expressed in CEP55 depleted cells. This mutant did not restore decreased CIN in CEP55 depleted cells, indicating that CEP55 controls CIN by binding MTs. This knowledge now provides the possibility to selectively interfere with CEP55 controlled CIN in cancer cells.
Experimental study of abrasive water jet shot peening on TC4 titanium alloy of 3D printing
Authors: Hou Rongguo , zhang miaomiao , Wang Yizhen , Lv Zhe 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The abrasive water jet peening is used to strengthen the surfaces of 3D Printed TC4 titanium alloy. The key factors of the process such as the impact force and residual stress field are analyzed with an aim to study the mechanism of the abrasive water jet peening. And the influence of process parameters on surface properties of 3D Printed TC4 is studied.The experiment results indicate that the surface hardness is increasing, while the surface roughness is decreasing with the increase of the pressure. The surface residual stress is the compressive stress with a maximum value of -895.2Mpa.The characteristics of the surface micro morphological are investigated. The result indicates that the martensite is produced and refined, the grain boundary dislocation forms a deformed layer with a thickness about 10µm.
Fully Automatic Reconstruction of Prostate High Dose Rate Brachytherapy Interstitial Needles by Using Two Phases Deep Learning Based Segmentation and Object Tracking Algorithms
Authors: Moradi Mohammad Mahdi , Siavashpour Zahra , Takhtardeshir Soheib , Showkatian Eman , Shiri Isaac , Jeberi Ramin , Ghaderi Reza 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The essential step of successful brachytherapy would be precise applicator/needles trajectory detection, which is an open problem yet. This study proposes a two-phase deep learning-based method to automate the localization of high-dose-rate (HDR) prostate brachytherapy catheters through the patient's CT images. The whole process is divided into two phases using two different deep neural networks. First, brachytherapy needles segmentation is accomplished through a pix2pix Generative Adversarial Neural Network (pix2pix GAN). Second, a generic Object Tracking Using Regression Networks (GOTURN) was used to predict the needle trajectories. These models were trained and tested on a clinical prostate brachytherapy dataset. Among the total 25 patients, 5 patients that consisted of 592 slices was dedicated to testing sets, and the rest were used as train/validation set. The total number of needles in these slices of CT images was 8764, of which the employed pix2pix network is able to segment 98.72% (8652 of total). Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) and IoU (Intersection over Union) between the network output and the ground truth were 0.95 and 0.90, respectively. Moreover, the F1-score, Recall, and Precision results were 0.95, 0.93, and 0.97, respectively. Regarding the location of the shafts, the proposed model has an error of 0.41 mm. The current study proposed a novel methodology to automatically localize and reconstruct the prostate HDR brachytherapy interstitial needles through the 3D CT images. The presented method can be utilized as a computer-aided module in clinical applications to automatically detect and delineate the multi-catheters, potentially enhancing the treatment quality.