bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A mini-TGA protein modulates gene expression through heterogeneous association with transcription factors
Authors: Tomaž Špela , Petek Marko , Lukan Tjaša , Pogačar Karmen , Stare Katja , Teixeira Prates Erica , Jacobson Daniel A , Zrimec Jan , Bajc Gregor , Butala Matej , Pompe Novak Maruša , Dudley Quentin , Patron Nicola , Taler-Verčič Ajda , Usenik Aleksandra , Turk Dušan , Prat Salomé , Coll Anna , Gruden Kristina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTGA (TGACG-binding) transcription factors, which bind their target DNA through a conserved basic region leucine zipper (bZIP) domain, are vital regulators of gene expression in salicylic acid (SA)-mediated plant immunity. Here, we investigated the role of StTGA2.1, a potato (Solanum tuberosum) TGA lacking the full bZIP, which we named a mini-TGA. Such truncated proteins have been widely assigned as loss-of-function mutants. We, however, confirmed that StTGA2.1 overexpression compensates for SA-deficiency, indicating a distinct mechanism of action compared with model plant species. To understand the underlying mechanisms, we showed that StTGA2.1 can physically interact with StTGA2.2 and StTGA2.3, while its interaction with DNA was not detected. We investigated the changes in transcriptional regulation due to StTGA2.1 overexpression, identifying direct and indirect target genes. Using in planta transactivation assays, we confirmed that StTGA2.1 interacts with StTGA2.3 to activate StPRX07, a member of class III peroxidases (StPRX), which are known to play role in immune response. Finally, via structural modeling and molecular dynamics simulations, we hypothesized that the compact molecular architecture of StTGA2.1 distorts DNA conformation upon heterodimer binding to enable transcriptional activation. This study demonstrates how protein truncation can lead to distinct functions and that such events should be studied carefully in other protein families.
Wearing an eye mask during overnight sleep improves episodic learning and alertness
Authors: Greco Viviana , Bergamo Damiana , Cuoccio Paola , Konkoly Karen R , Muñoz Lombardo Kike , Lewis Penelope A 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAmbient light can influence sleep structure and timing. We explored how wearing an eye mask to block light during overnight sleep impacts memory and alertness, changes that could benefit everyday tasks like studying or driving. In Experiment 1, ninety-four 18–35-year-olds wore an eye mask while they slept every night for a week and underwent a control condition in which light was not blocked for another week. Five habituation nights were followed by a cognitive battery on the sixth and seventh days. This revealed superior episodic encoding and an improvement on alertness when using the mask. In Experiment 2, thirty-five 18–35-year-olds used a wearable device to monitor sleep with and without the mask. This replicated the encoding benefit and showed that it was predicted by time spent in slow-wave sleep. Our findings suggest that wearing an eye mask during overnight sleep can improve episodic encoding and alertness the next day.
Workers, Neighbours, or Something Else? Local Policies and Policy Narratives of Technical Intern Training Program Participants
Authors: TIAN Yunchen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Local governments at the prefectural and municipal levels across Japan have begun to allocate discretionary public funds to educate employers about the recruitment process for foreign Technical Training Internship Program (TITP) workers and subsidize the paperwork fees associated with it. This article investigates this phenomenon by drawing upon data collected from correspondence with municipal officials and analysis of policy documents, as well as a broader mailed survey of municipal governments conducted in 2019–2020. This article introduces two broad types of local-level policies towards TITP employers and workers, employment-supporting and social-supporting policies. Using a policy narrative framework, the article moves on to discuss how local governments position their policies to supplement the TITP migration regime. The language used reveals competing, sometimes seemingly contradictory, narratives of who TITP workers are and what they offer to local communities across Japan. These narratives are reflected in the different approaches to local policymaking regarding the TITP, from subsidizing local employers to creating cultural spaces and resources for TITP workers.
Postpartum Hemorrhage Trends and Outcomes in the United States, 2000–2019
Authors: Corbetta-Rastelli Chiara M. , Friedman Alexander M. , Sobhani Nasim C. , Arditi Brittany , Goffman Dena , Wen Timothy 
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVE:
To analyze temporal trends in and risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage and to analyze the association of risk factors with postpartum hemorrhage–related interventions such as blood transfusion and peripartum hysterectomy.

METHODS:
This repeated cross-sectional study analyzed delivery hospitalizations from 2000 to 2019 in the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample. Trends analyses were conducted using joinpoint regression to estimate the average annual percent change (AAPC) with 95% CIs. Unadjusted and adjusted survey-weighted logistic regression models were performed to evaluate the relationship between postpartum hemorrhage risk factors and likelihood of 1) postpartum hemorrhage, 2) postpartum hemorrhage that requires blood transfusion, and 3) peripartum hysterectomy in the setting of postpartum hemorrhage, with unadjusted odds ratios and adjusted odds ratios with 95% CIs as measures of association.

RESULTS:
Of an estimated 76.7 million delivery hospitalizations, 2.3 million (3.0%) were complicated by postpartum hemorrhage. From 2000 to 2019, the rate of postpartum hemorrhage increased from 2.7% to 4.3% (AAPC 2.6%, 94% CI 1.7–3.5%). Over the study period, the proportion of deliveries to individuals with at least one postpartum hemorrhage risk factor increased from 18.6% to 26.9% (AAPC 1.9%, 95% CI 1.7–2.0%). Among deliveries complicated by postpartum hemorrhage, blood transfusions increased from 5.4% to 16.7% from 2000 to 2011 and then decreased from 16.7% to 12.6% from 2011 to 2019. Peripartum hysterectomy among hospitalized individuals with postpartum hemorrhage increased from 1.4% to 2.4% from 2000 to 2009, did not change significantly from 2009 to 2016, and then decreased significantly from 2.1% to 0.9% from 2016 to 2019 (AAPC −27.0%, 95% CI −35.2% to −17.6%). Risk factors associated with postpartum hemorrhage and transfusion and hysterectomy in the setting of postpartum hemorrhage included prior cesarean delivery with previa or placenta accreta, placenta previa without prior cesarean delivery, and antepartum hemorrhage or placental abruption.

CONCLUSION:
Postpartum hemorrhage and related risk factors increased over a 20-year period. Despite the increased postpartum hemorrhage rates, blood transfusions, and hysterectomy rates decreased in recent years.
Association of Sickle Cell Disease With Severe Maternal Morbidity
Authors: Ha Thoa K. , Boulet Sheree L. , Cotsonis George , Geary Franklyn , Jamieson Denise J. , Lindsay Michael 
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the association between sickle cell disease (SCD) and severe maternal morbidity (SMM) in a contemporary cohort of deliveries by non-Hispanic Black people.

METHODS:
We retrospectively examined SMM by using electronic health record data on deliveries by non-Hispanic Black patients between 2011 and 2020 at a single tertiary, public institution. Sickle cell disease was identified during the delivery admission by using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) and International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) codes. The primary outcome, SMM at delivery hospitalization, was ascertained using ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM codes and excluded sickle cell crisis as an indicator of SMM. We also constructed a secondary measure of SMM that excluded deliveries in which blood transfusion was the only indication of SMM. Poisson regression models were used to estimate risk ratios (RRs) and 95% CIs for the associations between SCD and SMM (overall and for individual indicators). Multivariable models adjusted for age, parity, insurance type, chronic conditions (chronic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity), and multiple gestation.

RESULTS:
Among 17,493 deliveries by non-Hispanic Black patients during the study period, 132 (0.8%) had a diagnosis of SCD. Of those patients, 87 (65.9%, 95% CI 57.2–73.9) with SCD and 2,035 (11.7%), 95% CI 11.2–12.2) without SCD had SMM. Sickle cell disease was associated with increased risk of SMM (87 vs 2,035, adjusted risk ratio [aRR] 5.4, 95% CI 4.6–6.3) and nontransfusion SMM (51 vs 1,057, aRR 6.0, 95% CI 4.6–8.0). Effect estimates were highest for cardiac arrest (3 vs 14, RR 28.2, 95% CI 3.8–209.3), air and thrombotic embolism (14 vs 72, RR 25.6, 95% CI 12.0–54.6), and puerperal cerebrovascular disorders (10 vs 53, RR 24.8, 95% CI 10.2–60.5).

CONCLUSION:
Sickle cell disease was associated with a more than fivefold increased risk of SMM during the delivery hospitalization. Our data suggest cardiovascular morbidity as the driving major risk. The identification and monitoring of cardiovascular pathology in patients with SCD before and during pregnancy may reduce SMM.
Laparoscopic Versus Open Pancreatoduodenectomy in Patients With Periampullary Tumors
Authors: Sattari Shahab Aldin , Sattari Ali Reza , Makary Martin A. , Hu Chen , He Jin 
Published: December 2022

Objective:
To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials compared laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy (LPD) versus open pancreatoduodenectomy (OPD) in patients with periampullary tumors.

Background:
LPD has gained attention; however, its safety and efficacy versus OPD remain debatable.

Methods:
We searched PubMed and Embase. Primary outcomes were the length of hospital stay (LOS) (day), Clavien-Dindo grade ≥III complications, and 90-day mortality. Secondary outcomes were blood loss (milliliter), blood transfusion, duration of operation (minute), readmission, reoperation, comprehensive complication index score, bile leak, gastrojejunostomy or duodenojejunostomy leak, postoperative pancreatic fistula, postpancreatectomy hemorrhage, delayed gastric emptying, surgical site infection, intra-abdominal infection, number of harvested lymph nodes, and R0 resection. Pooled odds ratio (OR) or mean difference (MD) of data was calculated using the random-effect model. The grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluation approach was used for grading the level of evidence.

Results:
Four randomized controlled trials yielding 818 patients were included, of which 411 and 407 patients underwent LPD and OPD, respectively. The meta-analysis concluded that 2 approaches were similar, except in the LPD group, the LOS tended to be shorter [MD=−2.54 (−5.17, 0.09), P=0.06], LOS in ICU was shorter [MD=−1 (−1.8, −0.2), P=0.01], duration of operation was longer [MD=75.16 (23.29, 127.03), P=0.005], blood loss was lower [MD=−115.40 (−152.13, −78.68), P<0.00001], blood transfusion was lower [OR=0.66 (0.47, 0.92), P=0.01], and surgical site infection was lower [OR=0.35 (0.12, 0.96), P=0.04]. The overall certainty of the evidence was moderate.

Conclusions:
Within the hands of highly skilled surgeons in high-volume centers, LPD is feasible and as safe and efficient as OPD.
Partial vs Full Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) in a Swine Model of Raised Intracranial Pressure and Hemorrhagic Shock
Authors: Edwards Joseph , Abdou Hossam , Stonko David P , Treffalls Rebecca N , Elansary Noha , Lang Eric , Morrison Jonathan J 
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND:
Partial resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (pREBOA) is a potential method to mitigate the ischemia observed in full REBOA (fREBOA). However, the effect of pREBOA on cerebral perfusion in the setting of raised intracranial pressure (rICP) is unknown. The aim was to evaluate the effects of no REBOA (nREBOA) vs pREBOA vs fREBOA on cerebral perfusion in a swine model of rICP and hemorrhagic shock.

STUDY DESIGN:
Anesthetized swine (n = 18) underwent instrumentation. Controlled hemorrhage was performed over 30 minutes. rICP was achieved using an intracranial Fogarty catheter inflated to achieve an ICP of 20 mmHg. Animals underwent intervention for 30 minutes, followed by resuscitation. The primary outcome was cerebral perfusion measured by ICP (millimeters of mercury), cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP; millimeters of mercury), and cerebral blood flow (CBF; milliliters per minute per 100 g) derived from CT perfusion. The secondary outcomes included hemodynamics and lactate (millimoles per liter).

RESULTS:
The peak ICP of pREBOA animals (22.7 ± 2.5) was significantly lower than nREBOA and fREBOA. pREBOA CPP was significantly higher compared with nREBOA and fREBOA during resuscitation. The pREBOA CBF was greater during intervention and resuscitation compared with nREBOA (p < 0.001). Systolic blood pressure was similar between pREBOA and fREBOA, and coronary perfusion was significantly greater in pREBOA. fREBOA had significantly higher lactate during the intervention (9.3 ± 1.3) and resuscitation (8.9 ± 3.5) compared with nREBOA and pREBOA.

CONCLUSION:
pREBOA produced greater cerebral perfusion, as demonstrated by more favorable CPP, CBF, and ICP values. fREBOA was associated with metabolic derangement and diminished pressure during resuscitation. pREBOA is superior to fREBOA in a swine model and should be considered over fREBOA for aortic occlusion.
Intimate Partner Violence and Pregnancy: Nationwide Analysis of Injury Patterns and Risk Factors
Authors: Albini Paul T , Zakhary Bishoy , Edwards Sara B , Coimbra Raul , Brenner Megan L 
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND:
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant cause of injury, and in pregnant patients (PIPV) poses a risk to both mother and fetus. Characteristics and outcomes for PIPV patients have not been well described. We hypothesize that PIPV patients have higher admission rates and mortality than non-IPV pregnant trauma (PT) patients and nonpregnant female IPV patients of childbearing age. We also hypothesize differences exist between PIPV and PT patient injury patterns, allowing for targeted IPV screening.

STUDY DESIGN:
The Nationwide Emergency Department Sample database was queried from 2010 to 2014 to identify IPV in adult women patients by injury code E967.3. Patients were compared in 2 ways, PIPV vs PT and PIPV vs nonpregnant female IPV patients. Demographics, injury mechanisms, and National Trauma Data Standard injury diagnoses were surveyed. Primary outcomes were hospital admissions and mortality. Logistic regression was used to estimate risk factors of the outcomes of hospitalization and IPV victimization in pregnant injured patients.

RESULTS:
There were 556 PIPV patients, 73,970 PT patients, and 56,543 nonpregnant female IPV patients. When comparing PIPV to PT, more PIPV patients had Medicaid coverage or were self-pay. Suffocation, head injuries, face/neck/scalp contusions, multiple contusions, and abrasions/friction burns were more prevalent in PIPV patients. Mortality and hospital admissions were scarce among all cohorts. Predictors of IPV victimization among injured pregnant patients include multiple injuries, head injuries, face/neck/scalp contusions, abrasions/friction burns, contusions of multiple sites, and those with Medicaid or self-pay coverage.

CONCLUSIONS:
Among injured pregnant patients, those with multiple injuries, head injuries, contusions of the face/neck/scalp, abrasions/friction burns, and multiple contusions should undergo IPV screening. Admissions and mortality are low; therefore, prevention measures should be implemented in the emergency department to reduce repeat victimization.
Outcomes of Liver Transplantation Using Machine Perfusion in Donation after Cardiac Death vs Brain Death in the US
Authors: Okumura Kenji , Dhand Abhay , Misawa Ryosuke , Sogawa Hiroshi , Veillette Gregory , Nishida Seigo 
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND:
Liver transplant (LT) outcomes using machine perfusion (MP) in donation after brain death (DBD) is promising, but the LT outcomes of MP in donation after cardiac death (DCD) is limited in the US. The aim of this study was to compare LT outcomes of MP between DCD and DBD.

STUDY DESIGN:
We analyzed data from the United Network for Organ Sharing between 2016 and 2021 among adult LT recipients. Propensity score matching was performed to assess the outcomes between DCD and DBD.

RESULTS:
A total of 380 LTs (295 from DBD and 85 from DCD) were performed using MP. When compared with DBD, DCD group had older median recipient age (61 vs 58 years, p = 0.03), higher prevalence of diabetes (41% vs 28%, p = 0.02), lower model for end-stage liver disease score (17 vs 22, p < 0.01), longer wait time (276 vs 143 days, p < 0.01) and younger median donor age (40 vs 51 years, p < 0.01). The most common primary diagnosis was alcohol-related liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma was more common in the DCD group (22% vs 13%). On survival analysis, 1-year overall/graft survivals (DCD 95.4% vs DBD 92.1%, p = 0.54; DCD 91.7% vs DBD 89.8%, p = 0.86) were the same. After propensity score matching, overall/graft survivals were the same. In Cox regression analysis, DCD was not an independent risk factor of mortality (hazard ratio 0.80; 95% CI 0.25 to 2.52; p = 0.70) and graft failure (hazard ratio 0.58; 95% CI 0.17 to 1.97; p = 0.38).

CONCLUSIONS:
In transplant recipients who underwent LT using MP, posttransplant outcomes of overall and graft survival were similar among DCD and DBD cohorts.
Restrictive Firearm Laws and Firearm-Related Suicide
Authors: Kawano Bradley , Agarwal Suresh , Krishnamoorthy Vijay , Raghunathan Karthik , Fernandez-Moure Joseph S , Haines Krista L 
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND:
There were 23,854 suicides by firearms in 2017 in the US, accounting for 60% of all gun deaths. Studying firearm-related mortalities is vital for reducing preventable gun deaths. This study aims to determine the association between state-level presence of restrictive firearm laws and suicide rates with firearms.

STUDY DESIGN:
This ecological study used data from the CDC Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research on decedents older than 18 years who died from intentional self-harm with firearms between 2009 and 2018. Exposures of interest were state-level restrictive firearm laws: background checks on private sales, mandatory waiting periods, and prohibited possession for domestic violence restraining orders or mental health red flags. Outcomes were rates of suicide with firearms per 100,000 persons over the 10-year period within each state. Welch’s t-tests compared mean mortality rates in exposed and unexposed states.

RESULTS:
There were 208,621 deaths from intentional self-harm with firearms from 2009 to 2018. States with background checks, mandatory waiting periods, and prohibited possession were associated with lower suicide rates for all firearm types compared with states without these laws (p < 0.05). Only states with background checks and mandatory waiting periods were associated with lower suicide rates by handguns and large firearms (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION:
Background checks and mandatory waiting periods correlated with fewer suicides by all firearms and specific firearm types. This reduction could be due to firearm laws directly preventing people from accessing guns or existing concurrently with other suicide prevention measures. More research should be directed to understanding how firearm laws can help reduce suicide rates.
Wound Complication Rates after Inguinal Lymph Node Dissection: Contemporary Analysis of the NSQIP Database
Authors: Chua Kevin J , Balraj Vasundhara , Patel Hiren V , Srivastava Arnav , Doppalapudi Sai Krishnaraya , Elsamra Sammy E , Jang Thomas L , Singer Eric A , Ghodoussipour Saum B 
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND:
Inguinal lymph node dissection (ILND) is used for diagnosis and treatment in penile cancer (PC), vulvar cancer (VC), and melanomas draining to the inguinal lymph nodes. However, ILND is often characterized by its morbidity and high wound complication rate. Consequently, we aimed to characterize wound complication rates after ILND.

STUDY DESIGN:
The NSQIP database was queried for ILND performed from 2005 to 2018 for melanoma, PC, or VC. Thirty-day wound complications included wound disruption and superficial, deep, and organ-space surgical site infection. Multivariable logistic regression was performed with covariates, including cancer type, age, American Society of Anesthesiologists score ≥3, BMI ≥30, smoking history, diabetes, operative time, and concomitant pelvic lymph node dissection.

RESULTS:
A total of 1,099 patients had an ILND with 92, 115, and 892 ILNDs performed for PC, VC, and melanoma, respectively. Wound complications occurred in 161 (14.6%) patients, including 12 (13.0%), 17(14.8%), and 132 (14.8%) patients with PC, VC, and melanoma, respectively. Median length of stay was 1 day (interquartile range 0 to 3 days), and median operative time was 152 minutes (interquartile 83 to 192 minutes). Readmission rate was 12.7%. Wound complications were associated with longer operative time per 10 minutes (odds ratio 1.038, 95% CI 1.019 to 1.056, p < 0.001), BMI ≥30 (odds ratio 1.976, 95% CI 1.386 to 2.818, p < 0.001), and concomitant pelvic lymph node dissection (odds ratio 1.561, 95% CI 1.056 to 2.306, p = 0.025).

CONCLUSIONS:
Predictors of wound complications after ILND include BMI ≥30, longer operative time, and concomitant pelvic lymph node dissection. There have been efforts to decrease ILND complication rates, including minimally invasive techniques and modified templates, which are not captured by NSQIP, and such approaches may be considered especially for those with increased complication risks.
Addiction of Smartphones and Its Relationship to Academic Achievement of Medical Students in Saudi Arabia,2022
Authors: Alharbi Rayan Saud , Mohamed Baderldeen Abdulrahman , Alshammari Thamir M 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundSmartphones and their increasing capabilities have helped humans to communicate and perform many tasks and it leads to a form of dependency, and it may have negative effects on everyone, especially students.ObjectivesTo assess smartphone addiction and its relationship to academic performance among medical students at King Saud University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.MethodsAn observational cross-sectional study was conducted from July to September 2022 including students of the College of Medicine at King Saud University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The data collection tool was structured and utilized an electronic survey.ResultsA total of 330 participants answered the study questionnaire. The most common age range of study participants was 18-28 years with 64.2% of the study sample. Male participants represented 63%. The study income is less than 5000 riyals 54.5% per month. Majority of ftudents (65%) believe that using smartphones them to study more efficiently. Analysis of the study results shows that there is a statistically significant correlation between phone addiction and a decrease in the academic performance of college students.ConclusionOur study found that there is a significant correlation between phone addiction and a drop in academic performance. Despite its attractiveness, smartphone addiction is a time waster for students that might disrupts their sleep and causes stress. It is, therefore, necessary to create a comprehensive plan that directs the students towards balanced use.