bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interplay between topological valley and quantum Hall edge transport
Authors: Geisenhof Fabian R. , Winterer Felix , Seiler Anna M. , Lenz Jakob , Martin Ivar , Weitz R. Thomas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAn established way of realising topologically protected states in a two-dimensional electron gas is by applying a perpendicular magnetic field thus creating quantum Hall edge channels. In electrostatically gapped bilayer graphene intriguingly, even in the absence of a magnetic field, topologically protected electronic states can emerge at naturally occurring stacking domain walls. While individually both types of topologically protected states have been investigated, their intriguing interplay remains poorly understood. Here, we focus on the interplay between topological domain wall states and quantum Hall edge transport within the eight-fold degenerate zeroth Landau level of high-quality suspended bilayer graphene. We find that the two-terminal conductance remains approximately constant for low magnetic fields throughout the distinct quantum Hall states since the conduction channels are traded between domain wall and device edges. For high magnetic fields, however, we observe evidence of transport suppression at the domain wall, which can be attributed to the emergence of spectral minigaps. This indicates that stacking domain walls potentially do not correspond to a topological domain wall in the order parameter.
Inactivation of Sirt6 ameliorates muscular dystrophy in mdx mice by releasing suppression of utrophin expression
Authors: Georgieva Angelina M. , Guo Xinyue , Bartkuhn Marek , Günther Stefan , Künne Carsten , Smolka Christian , Atzberger Ann , Gärtner Ulrich , Mamchaoui Kamel , Bober Eva , Zhou Yonggang , Yuan Xuejun , Braun Thomas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe NAD+-dependent SIRT1-7 family of protein deacetylases plays a vital role in various molecular pathways related to stress response, DNA repair, aging and metabolism. Increased activity of individual sirtuins often exerts beneficial effects in pathophysiological conditions whereas reduced activity is usually associated with disease conditions. Here, we demonstrate that SIRT6 deacetylates H3K56ac in myofibers to suppress expression of utrophin, a dystrophin-related protein stabilizing the sarcolemma in absence of dystrophin. Inactivation of Sirt6 in dystrophin-deficient mdx mice reduced damage of myofibers, ameliorated dystrophic muscle pathology, and improved muscle function, leading to attenuated activation of muscle stem cells (MuSCs). ChIP-seq and locus-specific recruitment of SIRT6 using a CRISPR-dCas9/gRNA approach revealed that SIRT6 is critical for removal of H3K56ac at the Downstream utrophin Enhancer (DUE), which is indispensable for utrophin expression. We conclude that epigenetic manipulation of utrophin expression is a promising approach for the treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD).
Pseudomonas aeruginosa SutA wedges RNAP lobe domain open to facilitate promoter DNA unwinding
Authors: He Dingwei , You Linlin , Wu Xiaoxian , Shi Jing , Wen Aijia , Yan Zhi , Mu Wenhui , Fang Chengli , Feng Yu , Zhang Yu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosa (Pae) SutA adapts bacteria to hypoxia and nutrition-limited environment during chronic infection by increasing transcription activity of an RNA polymerase (RNAP) holoenzyme comprising the stress-responsive σ factor σS (RNAP-σS). SutA shows no homology to previously characterized RNAP-binding proteins. The structure and mode of action of SutA remain unclear. Here we determined cryo-EM structures of Pae RNAP-σS holoenzyme, Pae RNAP-σS holoenzyme complexed with SutA, and Pae RNAP-σS transcription initiation complex comprising SutA. The structures show SutA pinches RNAP-β protrusion and facilitates promoter unwinding by wedging RNAP-β lobe open. Our results demonstrate that SutA clears an energetic barrier to facilitate promoter unwinding of RNAP-σS holoenzyme.
A dynamic assembly-induced emissive system for advanced information encryption with time-dependent security
Authors: Wang Qian , Lin Biyan , Chen Meng , Zhao Chengxi , Tian He , Qu Da-Hui 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe development of advanced materials for information encryption with time-dependent features is essential to meet the increasing demand on encryption security. Herein, smart materials with orthogonal and temporal encryption properties are successfully developed based on a dynamic assembly-induced multicolour supramolecular system. Multicolour fluorescence, including blue, orange and even white light emissions, is achieved by controlling the supramolecular assembly of pyrene derivatives by tailoring the solvent composition. By taking advantage of the tuneable fluorescence, dynamically controlled information encryption materials with orthogonal encryption functions, e.g., 3D codes, are successfully developed. Moreover, time-dependent information encryption materials, such as temporal multi-information displays and 4D codes, are also developed by enabling the fluorescence-controllable supramolecular system in the solid phase, showing multiple pieces of information on a time scale, and the correct information can be identified only at a specified time. This work provides an inspiring point for the design of information encryption materials with higher security requirements.
PREDICT underestimates survival of patients with HER2-positive early-stage breast cancer
Authors: Agostinetto Elisa , Ameye Lieveke , Martel Samuel , Aftimos Philippe , Pondé Noam , Maurer Christian , El-Abed Sarra , Wang Yingbo , Vicente Malou , Chumsri Saranya , Bliss Judith , Kroep Judith , Colleoni Marco , Petrelli Fausto , Del Mastro Lucia , Moreno-Aspitia Alvaro , Piccart Martine , Paesmans Marianne , de Azambuja Evandro , Lambertini Matteo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe prognostic performance of PREDICT in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer (EBC) treated in the modern era with effective chemotherapy and anti-HER2 targeted therapies is unclear. Therefore, we investigated its prognostic performance using data extracted from ALTTO, a phase III trial evaluating adjuvant lapatinib ± trastuzumab vs. trastuzumab alone in patients with HER2-positive EBC. Our analysis included 2794 patients. After a median follow-up of 6.0 years (IQR, 5.8–6.7), 182 deaths were observed. Overall, PREDICT underestimated 5-year OS by 6.7% (95% CI, 5.8–7.6): observed 5-year OS was 94.7% vs. predicted 88.0%. The underestimation was consistent across all subgroups, including those according to the type of anti HER2-therapy. The highest absolute differences were observed for patients with hormone receptor negative-disease, nodal involvement, and large tumor size (13.0%, 15.8%, and 15.3%, respectively). AUC under the ROC curve was 73.7% (95% CI 69.7–77.8) in the overall population, ranging between 61.7% and 77.7% across the analyzed subgroups. In conclusion, our analysis showed that PREDICT highly underestimated OS in HER2-positive EBC. Hence, it should be used with caution to give prognostic estimation to HER2-positive EBC patients treated in the modern era with effective chemotherapy and anti-HER2 targeted therapies.
Computational screening of materials with extreme gap deformation potentials
Authors: Borlido Pedro , Schmidt Jonathan , Wang Hai-Chen , Botti Silvana , Marques Miguel A. L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this work, we present a large-scale study of gap deformation potentials based on density-functional theory calculations for over 5000 semiconductors. As expected, in most cases the band gap decreases for increasing volume with deformation potentials that can reach values of almost −15 eV. We find, however, also a sizeable number of materials with positive deformation potentials. Notorious members of this group are halide perovskites, known for their applications in photovoltaics. We then focus on understanding the physical reasons for so different values of the deformation potentials by investigating the correlations between this property and a large number of other material and compositional properties. We also train explainable machine learning models as well as graph convolutional networks to predict deformation potentials and establish simple rules to understand predicted values. Finally, we analyze in more detail a series of materials that have record positive and negative deformation potentials.
ADAR1 averts fatal type I interferon induction by ZBP1
Authors: Jiao Huipeng , Wachsmuth Laurens , Wolf Simone , Lohmann Juliane , Nagata Masahiro , Kaya Göksu Gökberk , Oikonomou Nikos , Kondylis Vangelis , Rogg Manuel , Diebold Martin , Tröder Simon E. , Zevnik Branko , Prinz Marco , Schell Christoph , Young George R. , Kassiotis George , Pasparakis Manolis 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMutations of theADAR1gene encoding an RNA deaminase cause severe diseases associated with chronic activation of type I interferon (IFN) responses, including Aicardi–Goutières syndrome and bilateral striatal necrosis1–3. The IFN-inducible p150 isoform of ADAR1 contains a Zα domain that recognizes RNA with an alternative left-handed double-helix structure, termed Z-RNA4,5. HemizygousADAR1mutations in the Zα domain cause type I IFN-mediated pathologies in humans2,3and mice6–8; however, it remains unclear how the interaction of ADAR1 with Z-RNA prevents IFN activation. Here we show that Z-DNA-binding protein 1 (ZBP1), the only other protein in mammals known to harbour Zα domains9, promotes type I IFN activation and fatal pathology in mice with impaired ADAR1 function. ZBP1 deficiency or mutation of its Zα domains reduced the expression of IFN-stimulated genes and largely prevented early postnatal lethality in mice with hemizygous expression of ADAR1 with mutated Zα domain (Adar1mZα/–mice).Adar1mZα/–mice showed upregulation and impaired editing of endogenous retroelement-derived complementary RNA reads, which represent a likely source of Z-RNAs activating ZBP1. Notably, ZBP1 promoted IFN activation and severe pathology inAdar1mZα/–mice in a manner independent of RIPK1, RIPK3, MLKL-mediated necroptosis and caspase-8-dependent apoptosis, suggesting a novel mechanism of action. Thus, ADAR1 prevents endogenous Z-RNA-dependent activation of pathogenic type I IFN responses by ZBP1, suggesting that ZBP1 could contribute to type I interferonopathies caused byADAR1mutations.
Oocytes maintain ROS-free mitochondrial metabolism by suppressing complex I
Authors: Rodríguez-Nuevo Aida , Torres-Sanchez Ariadna , Duran Juan M. , De Guirior Cristian , Martínez-Zamora Maria Angeles , Böke Elvan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOocytes form before birth and remain viable for several decades before fertilization1. Although poor oocyte quality accounts for most female fertility problems, little is known about how oocytes maintain cellular fitness, or why their quality eventually declines with age2. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced as by-products of mitochondrial activity are associated with lower rates of fertilization and embryo survival3–5. Yet, how healthy oocytes balance essential mitochondrial activity with the production of ROS is unknown. Here we show that oocytes evade ROS by remodelling the mitochondrial electron transport chain through elimination of complex I. Combining live-cell imaging and proteomics in human and Xenopus oocytes, we find that early oocytes exhibit greatly reduced levels of complex I. This is accompanied by a highly active mitochondrial unfolded protein response, which is indicative of an imbalanced electron transport chain. Biochemical and functional assays confirm that complex I is neither assembled nor active in early oocytes. Thus, we report a physiological cell type without complex I in animals. Our findings also clarify why patients with complex-I-related hereditary mitochondrial diseases do not experience subfertility. Complex I suppression represents an evolutionarily conserved strategy that allows longevity while maintaining biological activity in long-lived oocytes.
Sexual practices and HPV infection in unvaccinated young adults
Authors: Pauli Sílvia , Kops Natália Luiza , Bessel Marina , Lina Villa Luisa , Moreno Alves Souza Flávia , Mendes Pereira Gerson Fernando , Neves Hugo Fernando ,   POP-Brazil Study Group, Comerlato Juliana , Bandeira Isabel , Fernandes Bruna , Fetzner Tiago , Soto Milena Mantelli Dall , Baptista Thais , Mello Barbara Pereira , Mota Giana , Wendland Eliana 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe present study aimed to evaluate the association of genital and oral HPV infection among different sexual practices in both sexes. In total, 6388 unvaccinated men and women aged 16–25 years from all state capitals of Brazil were enrolled in through primary care services between September 2016 and November 2017. Genital and oral HPV genotyping was performed using the Roche Linear Array. Poisson regression analysis with robust variance was conducted to examine factors associated with overall HPV infection. A higher prevalence of genital HPV was found in women who practiced oral sex (57.85%) and in men who practiced all types of sex (65.87%). However, having more sexual partners and being younger were more important than the type of sex practiced. HPV 6 (7.1%) and 16 (10.5%) were significantly more prevalent in women who practiced oral sex, while HPV 6 (23.96%) and 11 (21.49%) were more prevalent in men who practiced anal sex. The type of sex was not associated with oral HPV prevalence. Genital and oral HPV infection were not associated by different sexual practices in the studied population.
Gravidity, parity and knee breadth at midlife: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Junno Juho-Antti , Keisu Asla , Niinimäki Maarit , Niinimäki Jaakko , Lehenkari Petri , Oura Petteri 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGestation increases the biomechanical loading of lower extremities. Gestational loading may influence anthropometrics of articular surfaces in similar means as bone diaphyseal properties. This study aimed to investigate whether gravidity (i.e. number of pregnancies) and parity (i.e. number of deliveries) is associated with knee breadth among middle-aged women. The study sample comprised 815 women from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. The median parity count of our sample was 2 and the median gravidity count 3. At the age of 46, questionnaires were used to enquire gravidity and parity, and posteroanterior knee radiographs were used to obtain two knee breadth parameters (tibial plateau mediolateral breadth (TPML) and femoral condylar mediolateral breadth (FCML)) as representatives of articular size. The associations of gravidity and parity with knee breadth were analyzed using general linear models with adjustments for height, weight, leisure-time physical activity, smoking, and education years. Individuals with osteoarthritic changes were excluded from our sample. The mean TPML in our sample was 70.3 mm and the mean FCML 71.6 mm respectively. In the fully adjusted models, gravidity and parity showed positive associations with knee breadth. Each pregnancy was associated with 0.11–0.14% larger knee breath (p < 0.05), and each delivery accounted for an increase of 0.20% in knee breadth (p < 0.01). Between-group comparisons showed that multiparous women had 0.68–1.01% larger knee breath than nulli- and primiparous women (p < 0.05). Pregnancies and deliveries seem to increase the mediolateral breadth of the knee. This increase is potentially associated with increased biomechanical loadings during gestation.
A clinical trial of a patient-customized virtual reality intervention for tinnitus
Authors: Park Dong Heun , Han Sang Sun , Han Munsoo , Park Seongbin , Kim Hae Nim , Kim Jiyeon , Aan Hojun , Kim Jimoon , Kim Sungkean , Kim Kibum , Choi June 
Published: July 2022

AbstractVirtual reality (VR) has recently been used as a clinical treatment because it can efficiently simulate situations that are difficult to control in real-world settings. In our study, we assessed the potential of VR in patients with chronic subjective tinnitus. An evaluation of its clinical benefits was performed based on analyses of patient electroencephalograms (EEGs) and by questionnaire responses after 6–8 weeks of patient involvement in our VR-based alleviation program. Clinical trials were performed at a tertiary academic hospital. Nineteen patients (aged 33–64 years) who visited our hospital with chronic subjective tinnitus over 3 months were enrolled in the study. The intervention consisted of trashing the tinnitus avatar in VR. We expected that the patients would have the subjective feeling of controlling tinnitus through our intervention. The VR environment comprised four different sessions in four different settings: a bedroom, a living room, a restaurant, and a city street. We analyzed changes in the source activities of the prefrontal regions related to tinnitus in these patients using standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography. The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), the total score (from 50.11 to 44.21, P = 0.046) and the grade (from 3.16 to 2.79, P = 0.035) were significantly improved after the VR-based tinnitus treatment program (P < 0.05). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index also showed improved outcomes (P = 0.025). On the other hand, a Tinnitus Handicap Questionnaire, Quality of Life Assessment (WHO-QOL), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Profile of Mood States revealed no significant change after the intervention. The baseline EEG data showed that brain activity in the orbitofrontal cortex significantly increased in the alpha and theta frequency bands. Furthermore, patients who showed a THI score improvement after the intervention showed specific increases in brain activity for the theta and high beta bands in the orbitofrontal cortex. Our findings suggest that the virtual reality-based program, as in parts of cognitive behavioral treatment, may help to alleviate tinnitus-related distress in patients with chronic subjective tinnitus.
Resource allocation for multi‐UAV‐assisted mobile edge computing to minimize weighted energy consumption
Authors: Li An , Dai Longbin , Yu Lisu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper studies a multi‐unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) assisted mobile edge computing (MEC) system, where multiple UAVs equipped with MEC server are deployed to provide computing offloading services for ground users with limited local computing resources. Specifically, each user divides its computing tasks into two parts: one part is offloaded to the associated UAV for calculation, and the remaining part is calculated locally. It is aimed to minimize the weighted energy consumption of all UAVs and all users by jointly optimizing the UAV trajectory, user scheduling, central processing unit (CPU) calculation frequency allocation, and offloading time allocation. However, the formulated problem is a mixed integer non‐convex problem, which is challenging to obtain an optimal solution. In order to effectively solve this, an efficient two‐stage iterative algorithm based on alternative optimization is proposed by decomposing the original problem into two sub‐problems to obtain a suboptimal solution. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme is superior to other benchmark schemes in reducing system energy consumption.
Waypoint segment routing algorithm for LEO satellite network
Authors: Chen Rui , Wang Wen‐Nai , Zhao Xin , Zhao Guang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSatellite communication, especially low earth orbit satellites, an important part of the space‐air‐ground integrated network, is a promising solution to support global coverage and reliable communication. However, the originally connected links will be off, when the satellites move into polar regions. In addition, the condition of the path broken will dramatically increase with the number of satellites increasing. Thus, it is a continually considerable challenge to design an efficient and stationary routing algorithm for intra‐satellites. This paper presents a waypoint segment routing algorithm to realise persistent routes when the satellites move into polar regions. The waypoint selection problem is modelled and solved in stages. One of the source‐based routing algorithms, segment routing, is applied in low earth orbit satellite network to provide stable, efficient and reliable packets forwarding. By adding the selected waypoints into the segment list of the segment routing, the next‐snapshot broken links can be avoided. Based on the proposed waypoint segment routing algorithm, the problem of the path broken can be effectively solved. By comparing the packet loss, the delay and the delay jitter of the satellite simulation networks, the proposed algorithm is preferable to the popular optimised link‐state routing algorithm for the satellite mega‐constellation networks.
Structure optimization based on phase‐locked loop and controller parameters optimization of Y‐connected modular multi‐level converter for fractional frequency offshore wind power system under weak grid
Authors: Meng Yongqing , Jia Feng , Wu Kang , Duan Ziyue , Wang Xiuli , Yang Yong , Wang Xifan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBased on a practical long‐distance large‐capacity transmission engineering case, the small‐signal stability of fractional frequency transmission system (FFTS) with Y‐connected modular multi‐level converter (Y‐MMC) is mainly researched in this paper. Different from the previous control strategies of Y‐MMC, this paper establishes a frequency decoupling mathematical model and proposes the decoupling control strategies. Then, the small‐signal model of the Y‐MMC system is obtained. Considering the existence of phase locked loop (PLL) will deteriorate the stability of the system under weak grid, this paper applies the short‐circuit ratio (SCR) for analysis and proposed a new structure of PLL, called phase‐shifted PLL (PS‐PLL), to improve the small‐signal stability of the system. In addition, for better stability and dynamic response performance of the closed‐loop control system, this paper proposes a new parameter optimization objective function for parameters adjustment. Controller parameters optimization is conducted by using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and stability evaluation of the system is conducted based on the eigenvalue distribution. Finally, the feasibility and superiority of the proposed strategies and optimization are verified in MATLAB/ Simulink.
Novel continuous learning scheme for online static security assessment based on the weather‐dependent security index
Authors: Mollaiee Ali , Ameli Mohammad Taghi , Azad Sasan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDue to the expansion of the decarbonization in modern power systems, particularly the high integration of renewable energy resources, more and more uncertainties and variabilities are brought to electricity systems. These uncertainties change the system operating conditions and face the power system with unknown issues. The secure operation of modern power systems requires developing security assessment techniques that effectively mitigate the variation of the operating conditions. This paper proposes a novel continuous learning scheme for online static security assessment (SSA) that enables the periodic renovation of the assessment model. The scheme consists of a Mondrian forest (MF)‐based training model and database generation approach conducting characteristics of operating conditions. The employed security index is a new weather‐depended performance index whose ambient temperature can affect line ratings. After the new training set is generated in the update procedure, the MF algorithm is updated using this data. Eventually, the SSA model is enriched with current circumstances in the power system. The proposed scheme is examined using real‐world data mapped to the New England 39‐bus and 118‐bus standard test systems. The effectiveness and superior performance of the proposed method are demonstrated using various criteria and measures.