bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome of boys with posterior urethral valves from a single tertiary hospital in Singapore
Authors: Chan Ming Tow , Chan Esther Ern‐Hwei , Ng Yong Hong , Yap Te‐Lu , Ong Lin Yin , Narasimhan Kannan Laksmi , Jacobsen Anette Sundfor 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionPosterior urethral valve (PUV) is the most common congenital cause of bladder outflow obstruction in male infants. Despite timely treatment, renal damage can still occur in the long‐term leading to chronic kidney disease (CKD).MethodsA retrospective review of all PUV patients in a single tertiary institution between April 1998 and July 2019 was conducted to analyze their presentations, management and outcomes. Long‐term renal function, radiologic scans and somatic growth were evaluated.ResultsA total of 16 patients were included in this study. Two patients who defaulted all follow‐ups were excluded. Seven patients (43.7%) presented in the antenatal period; four patients (25%) presented in the neonatal period and five patients (31.3%) presented in the post‐neonatal period. Primary transurethral fulguration of valves was done in 13 patients, while three had vesicostomies as the primary procedure. Three patients had associated anterior urethral valves (AUV), which were treated endoscopically. Nine boys had additional procedures for diversion and undiversion, VUR, non‐functioning kidney and clean intermittent catheterization. Ten patients had urodynamic studies performed, of which eight patients received anticholinergic therapy. Eleven patients had DMSA scans, of which three patients had a normal study and eight patients showed unilateral reduced function. Four patients were diagnosed with CKD on long‐term follow‐up duration over 5 years. All patients were shown to have good somatic growth.ConclusionPatients with PUV can suffer from complications despite primary treatment. In our small cohort, a quarter of our patients developed CKD on follow‐up. Thus, patients need long‐term follow‐up to optimize bladder and renal function.
Sensitivity of pre‐operative imaging and radiologist inter‐rater reliability in detecting lesions in Crohn's disease
Authors: Hong Jason T. , Kutaiba Numan , Parameswaran Bimal , James Simon , Hong Alton , Ng Suat Chin , An Vinna 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundComputed tomography (CT), computed tomography enterography (CTE) and magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) are commonly used pre‐operatively in surgical planning in Crohn's Disease (CD). The findings on CT, CTE and MRE may not, however, correlate with operative findings. This study aims to establish the sensitivity of these imaging modalities and analyse radiologist inter‐rater reliability by comparing imaging findings of strictures, fistulas and abscesses with intra‐operative findings.MethodsA retrospective review of CD patients who had either CT, CTE and/or MRE imaging and CD related surgical intervention at a public health service from 2010 to 2019 inclusive. The number and locations of strictures, fistulas and abscesses on pre‐operative original radiology reports (OR) were recorded. Subsequently, all scans were re‐read by two specialist abdominal radiologists and consensus recorded (SR). Lesions recorded from both OR and SR were compared to those found intra‐operatively.ResultsEighty‐three patients were included. For strictures, sensitivity was 67%, 74% and 79% for OR and 88%, 71% and 87% for SR for CT, CTE and MRE respectively. The frequency of fistulas and abscesses were small hence a conclusion could not be drawn. The level of agreement between radiologists ranged from 44% to 82% for strictures and 64 to 100% for fistulas and abscesses across all three imaging modalities.ConclusionsCT and MRE have similarly high sensitivities for the identification of strictures pre‐operatively when read by specialist radiologists. Inter‐rater reliability calculations found similar agreement levels between specialist radiologists and between OR and SR for strictures, fistulas and abscesses across CT, CTE and MRE.
Island feminism meets feminist geopolitics: The spatial dynamics of gender‐based violence in the Galapagos Islands
Authors: Dávalos Cristen , Zaragocín Sofia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper brings together reflections on island feminism with feminist geopolitics in the Latin American context. Based on ongoing qualitative research by two Ecuadorian feminist geographers, gender‐based violence spatial dynamics on one of the islands of the Galapagos archipelago – San Cristobal – is analysed. A multi‐scalar approach from the experience of Galapagueña and foreign women highlights that gender‐based violence is spatially determined in ways that challenge the public–private sphere in the island space.
Painful flexural plaques
Authors: Kelly Áine , Wijesuriya Nilu , Koh Mickey , Lamb Ruth C. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A 30-year-old man presented with a 6-year history of eroded, orange–red plaques with a subtle nodular edge in the bilateral axilla, groin and perianal skin leading to pain, scarring and limited shoulder extension.
Click https://www.wileyhealthlearning.com/#/online-courses/9b96cb7b-9903-4244-b741-3690a7e5b398 for the corresponding questions to this CME article.
The impact of isometric handgrip exercise and training on health‐related factors: A review
Authors: Yamada Yujiro , Spitz Robert W. , Wong Vickie , Bell Zachary W. , Song Jun Seob , Abe Takashi , Loenneke Jeremy P. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIsometric handgrip exercise has been suggested to promote some health‐related factors (e.g., lowering blood pressure). However, there is a need to evaluate whether this type of exercise can be included as an option to elicit these health‐related outcomes. The purpose of the article was to systematically review the acute and chronic effects of isometric handgrip exercise on resting blood pressure, pain sensation, cognitive function and blood lipids and lipoproteins. A systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 89 studies met our inclusion criteria. Most randomized controlled trials (17/26) reported reductions in resting blood pressure (mostly systolic blood pressure) following isometric handgrip training. There were inconsistent results in isometric handgrip exercise‐induced hypotension (i.e., acute response). There was convincing evidence observed in randomized controlled trials (4/6) for isometric handgrip exercise‐induced hypoalgesia. Some randomized controlled trials (2/2) supported an improvement in memory performance, but not interference control (0/2), after a session of isometric handgrip exercise. None of the included studies found any effects of isometric handgrip training on blood lipids and lipoproteins. Isometric handgrip exercise appears to be an effective method to improve certain health‐related factors. The acute reductions in pain and blood pressure may share a similar central mechanism. However, training‐induced reductions in resting blood pressure may be driven by changes in the periphery. Additional work is needed to better understand if (and to what extent) isometric handgrip exercise (or training) influences cognitive function and blood lipids and lipoproteins.
Impact of CYBA genotypes on severity and progression of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Törnell Andreas , Kiffin Roberta , Haghighi Sara , Mossberg Natalia , Andersen Oluf , Hellstrand Kristoffer , Martner Anna 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeThe NOX2 enzyme of myeloid cells generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that have been implicated in the pathology of multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed to determine the impact of genetic variation within CYBA, which encodes the functional CYBA/p22phox subunit of NOX2, on MS severity and progression.MethodsOne hundred three MS patients with up to 49 (median = 17) years follow‐up time from first MS diagnosis were genotyped at the single nucleotide polymorphisms rs1049254 and rs4673 within CYBA. Results were matched with disease severity and time to diagnosis of secondary progressive MS (SPMS). NOX2‐mediated formation of ROS was measured by chemiluminescence in blood myeloid cells from healthy donors (n = 55) with defined genotypes at rs1049254 and rs4673.ResultsThe rs1049254/G and rs4673/A CYBA alleles were associated with reduced formation of ROS and were thus defined as low‐ROS alleles. Patients carrying low‐ROS alleles showed reduced multiple sclerosis severity score (p = 0.02, N = 103, linear regression) and delayed onset of SPMS (p = 0.02, hazard ratio [HR] = 0.46, n = 100, log‐rank test). In a cohort examined after 2005, patients carrying low‐ROS CYBA alleles showed >20 years longer time to secondary progression (p = 0.003, HR = 0.29, n = 59, log‐rank test).ConclusionsThese results implicate NOX2 in MS, in particular for the development of secondary progressive disease, and point toward NOX2‐reductive therapy aiming to delay secondary progression.
Immediate bond performance of resin composite luting systems to saliva‐contaminated enamel and dentin in different curing modes
Authors: Ishii Ryo , Takamizawa Toshiki , Katsuki Shun , Iwase Kei , Shoji Mone , Sai Keiichi , Tsujimoto Akimasa , Miyazaki Masashi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the immediate shear bond strength of resin composite luting systems to tooth with or without saliva contamination in different curing modes. The Knoop hardness number of the resin composite luting agents was measured. Four combinations of resin composite luting systems were used. The shear bond strength to bovine teeth was measured with and without saliva contamination in different curing modes at different storage periods. The Knoop hardness number of the resin composite luting agents was also evaluated. Significantly lower enamel and dentin shear bond strengths and Knoop hardness number values were observed in all resin composite luting systems at 5 min versus 24 h, regardless of the curing mode or saliva contamination. The influence of the curing mode of the resin composite luting systems on shear bond strengths and Knoop hardness number was dependent on material. For the saliva contamination conditions, only G‐CEM ONE EM did not show any significant difference in shear bond strength among the groups with and without saliva contamination, regardless of curing mode, storage period, or tooth substrate. All the resin composite luting systems showed lower shear bond strengths and Knoop hardness number values immediately after setting.
Racial capitalism and the sea: Development and change in Black maritime labour, and what it means for fisheries and a blue economy
Authors: Clark Timothy P. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe ‘Blue Economy’ is often framed as a revolutionary and transformative approach to marine and fishery development. However, scholars increasingly critique the Blue Economy in hopes that equity‐related concerns can become more prevalent. While these efforts are important, historical materialist perspectives can more deeply challenge the assumptions and limits of economistic thinking. In that vein, Racial Capitalism posits that capitalist markets promote, solidify and rely on racial hierarchy to secure differential value accumulation. This study applies a Racial Capitalist analysis to illustrate how the expansion of capitalist social relations corresponded the re‐solidification of white supremacy to (re)produce systemic inequality in Black maritime labour, and specifically fisheries labour, on the U.S. eastern seaboard. In this case, which occurred across several states and in a critically important marine‐fishery system, the expansion of market relations corresponded with labour exploitation, naturalization of hierarchy and inequitable distribution of socioeconomic harm for Black workers. I identify three lessons from this case that Blue Economy and fisheries scholars should heed; specifically, be wary of market utopianism, technological innovation is not inherently progressive, and systemic exploitation still matters.
FREEDOM TIME: TEMPORAL INSURRECTIONS IN OLIVIA WENZEL'S 1000 SERPENTINEN ANGST AND SHARON DODUA OTOO'S ADAS RAUM
Authors: Colvin Sarah 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTAnthony Reed has developed the concepts of ‘racial time’ and ‘freedom time’ to explore the aesthetics of possibility in Black experimental writing in the USA. Here I build on that thinking, on Michelle Wright's concept of Epiphenomenal time, and on Priscilla Layne's exploration of Afrofuturist temporal aesthetics in Wenzel's dramatic work, to discuss how Wenzel and Otoo as contemporary European novelists explore literary storytelling that is temporally insurrectionary. Neither of the novels considered here is typically Afrofuturist: both, however, have resonances with the Afropean Contemporary as described by Philipp Khabo Koepsell. Each novel engages poetic strategies to historicise and denaturalise the present, to render different pasts thinkable, and to address the shape that a future order might take. Both use an aesthetic strategy I call transtemporality, where meaning is deepened and rendered complex across time‐space. The transtemporal perspective is insurrectionary not least because it renders power's emergence and fall visible. Both Wenzel and Otoo develop narratives whose progression is not linear but moves in coils or loops (‘Serpentinen’, ‘Schleifen’) across what María Lugones calls ‘multiple, intersecting, co‐temporaneous realities’. That, I argue, is an aesthetic strategy that represents vital movement in the face of the almost literally petrifying force that is necropolitical or racialised time.Anthony Reeds Konzepte ʻracial timeʼ und ʻfreedom timeʼ erläutern eine Ästhetik der Möglichkeit im literarischen Schreiben Schwarzer avantgardistischer Autor*innen in den USA. Aufbauend darauf und in Anlehnung an Michelle Wrights Konzept der Epiphänomenalen Zeit und Priscilla Laynes Erforschung einer afrofuturistischen Ästhetik in Wenzels dramatischem Werk, geht dieser Beitrag der Frage nach, wie Wenzel und Otoo als zeitgenössische europäische Autorinnen literarische Erzählweisen erproben, die sich gegen konventionelle ästhetische Strukturen der Zeitlichkeit auflehnen. Die hier untersuchten Romane sind nicht typisch afrofuturistisch, haben jedoch Resonanzen mit der Afropean Contemporary, wie sie von Philipp Khabo Koepsell konzipiert worden ist. Poetische Strategien lassen die Gegenwart als bedingt und veränderbar erscheinen, unterschiedliche Vergangenheiten und eine andere zukünftige Ordnung werden denkbar. Beide Dichterinnen verwenden eine ästhetische Strategie, die ich Transtemporalität nenne, wobei die erzählerische Bewegung durch Zeit und Raum Bedeutungsmomente verdichtet. Diese transtemporale Perspektive bezeichne ich als aufständisch nicht zuletzt deshalb, weil sie die Vergänglichkeit der Macht offenlegt. Wenzel und Otoo erzählen nicht linear, sondern in Serpentinen bzw. Schleifen. Sie schaffen damit ʻmultiple, sich überschneidende, zeitgleiche Realitätenʼ (María Lugones). Das ist eine ästhetische Strategie, die angesichts der fast buchstäblich versteinernden Kraft einer nekropolitischen oder rassifizierten Zeit vitale Bewegung denkbar werden lässt.
Effects of pemafibrate on primary biliary cholangitis with dyslipidemia
Authors: Yamaguchi Mayumi , Asano Takeharu , Arisaka Takahiro , Mashima Hirosato , Irisawa Atsushi , Tamano Masaya 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study was to examine the effect of pemafibrate (PEM) in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) patients with dyslipidemia.MethodsPatients who were diagnosed with PBC between June 2018 and December 31, 2020 were included in the study if they also had dyslipidemia and their alkaline phosphatase (ALP) or gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels remained above the normal range despite taking 600 mg/day ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) for at least 6 months. Patients who were treated with UDCA alone were administered PEM as an add‐on (PEM‐add group), and patients who were treated with UDCA and bezafibrate (BEZ) for at least 6 months were given PEM instead of BEZ (PEM‐switch group). Clinical parameters were compared in all patients, and the levels of ALP, GGT, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and creatinine (Cr) were compared between the PEM‐add and PEM‐switch groups. Improvement in cholangitis was also evaluated.ResultsIn the PEM‐add group, both ALP and GGT improved in 40 of 46 patients (87.0%). In the PEM‐switch group, both ALP and GGT improved in 15 of 29 patients (51.7%). In the PEM‐switch group, however, significant improvement was seen in eGFR and Cr.ConclusionsAdministration of PEM is effective in PBC patients with dyslipidemia who are refractory to UDCA monotherapy. In patients using both UDCA and BEZ, there was an advantage in switching to PEM if they had renal damage; however, improvement of ALP and GGT occurred in about 50%.
Predictors of knowledge of and access to biomedical prevention among MSM and transgender men in Latin America: Results from the Latin American internet survey
Authors: Avelino‐Silva Vivian Iida , Vasconcelos Ricardo , Cerqueira Natalia B. , Marcus Ulrich , Schmidt Axel Jeremias , Veras Maria Amelia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionHIV is still a central public health issue in Latin America, disproportionally affecting key populations. Knowledge and access to biomedical prevention strategies, including treatment as prevention (TASP) or undetectable = untransmissible (U=U), pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post‐exposure prophylaxis (PEP), are the first steps to increasing uptake. We used data from the Latin American MSM Internet Survey (LAMIS) to describe knowledge and access to biomedical HIV prevention strategies among gay, bisexual, transgender and other men who have sex with men (MSM) living in 18 Latin American countries.MethodsWe compared LAMIS data across countries and according to age categories using frequencies and percentages. We also used multivariable models to explore whether age, gender identity, sexual identity, steady partnership, HIV status and education were independently associated with outcomes.ResultsIn all, 55 924 participants were included. Most were cisgender (99%) and identified as gay/homosexual (77%) or bisexual (17%). Schooling levels were very high, with 89% reporting highest attained education as tertiary level, university or post‐graduation. In total, 16% had been previously diagnosed with HIV; of those, rates of undetectable viral load varied from 60% in Venezuela to 83% in Brazil. Overall, 54%, 54% and 52% of participants already knew about PEP, PrEP and U=U, respectively. Participants from Brazil and those aged between 26 and 55 years, living with diagnosed HIV and having a gay/homosexual identity had greater levels of awareness about biomedical prevention strategies.ConclusionsOur study highlights gaps in HIV prevention campaigns directed to MSM in Latin America resulting in low uptake of biomedical prevention methods.
When does the price presentation order impact choices? Dispositional and situational moderators for the price order effect
Authors: Mukherjee Sudipta 
Published: January 2022

AbstractConsumers are often presented with multiple prices—either for the same item (e.g. auctions or negotiations) or for a suite of options. Existing research has shown that the order in which multiple prices are presented can influence consumer choices. Specifically, ascending (vs. descending) price order can result in a stronger tendency to choose lower prices—an effect termed as the price order effect. While this effect has been studied extensively across a variety of domains, its boundary conditions are relatively unknown. This research fills this important gap by identifying specific dispositional (regulatory focus and sense of power) and situational (self vs. other focus, abstract vs. concrete mindset, and gain vs. loss focus) moderators of the price order effect. Specifically, across a series of four studies, we show that the price order effect is stronger for (a) prevention (vs. promotion) focused consumers, (b) those with low (vs. high) sense of power, (c) under self (vs. other) focus, (d) under concrete (vs. abstract) mindset, and (e) under loss (vs. gain) focus. This research also provides additional evidence for loss aversion as the proposed mechanism for price order effect. We discuss the theoretical contributions and managerial implications of this research, and identify potential future research directions.
A Systematic review on diagnostic methods of red cell membrane disorders in Asia
Authors: Silva Ruwindi , Amarasinghe Dinusha , Perera Shiromi , Premawardhena Anuja 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMembranopathies are a group of inherited blood disorders where the diagnosis could form a challenge due to phenotype‐genotype heterogeneity. In this review, the usage and limitations of diagnostic methods for membranopathies in Asian countries were evaluated. A systematic review was done using articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, and EBSCO from 2000 to 2020. Thirty‐six studies conducted in seven Asian countries had used different diagnostic methods to confirm membranopathies. In 58.3% of studies, full blood count (FBC), reticulocyte count, and peripheral blood smear (PBS) were used in preliminary diagnosis. The combination of the above three with osmotic fragility (OF) test was used in 38.8%. The flowcytometric osmotic fragility (FC‐OF) test was used in 27.7% where it showed high sensitivity (92%–100%) and specificity (96%–98%). The eosin‐5‐maleimide (EMA) assay was used in 68.1% with high sensitivity (95%–100%) and specificity (93%–99.6%). About 36.1% of studies had used sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) as a further diagnostic method to detect defective proteins. Genetic analysis to identify mutations was done using Sanger sequencing, next‐generation sequencing (NGS), and whole‐exome sequencing (WES) in 33.3%, 22.2%, and 13.8% of studies, respectively. The diagnostic yield of NGS ranged from 63% to 100%. Proteomics was used in 5.5% of studies to support the diagnosis of membranopathies. A single method could not diagnose all membranopathies. Next‐generation sequencing, Sanger sequencing, and proteomics will supplement the well‐established screening and confirmatory methods, but not replace them in hereditary hemolytic anemia assessment.
The relation between gestures and stuttering in individuals with Down syndrome
Authors: Maessen Babette , Rombouts Ellen , Maes Bea , Zink Inge 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundEvidence shows that neurotypical individuals who stutter use fewer gestures than those who do not stutter. Presently, no research exists about the interaction of stuttering and gestures in individuals with Down syndrome.MethodTwenty‐nine individuals with Down syndrome (7–19 years) of whom 16 stuttered and 13 spoke fluently and 20 neurotypical children (3–10 years) of whom 8 stuttered and 12 spoke fluently participated in this study. In spontaneous speech transcriptions, stuttering events and gestures were coded.ResultsComparisons of gesture frequency during stuttered and fluent speech inside the Down syndrome and neurotypical group show that the Down syndrome group uses significantly more gestures during stuttered than during fluent speech while no significant difference is seen in the neurotypical group.ConclusionsThere is some preliminary evidence that individuals with Down syndrome try to compensate for their stuttering events, however, analyses on word level are necessary to confirm a successful compensation.