bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weakened resilience of benthic microbial communities in the face of climate change
Authors: Seidel Laura , Ketzer Marcelo , Broman Elias , Shahabi-Ghahfarokhi Sina , Rahmati-Abkenar Mahboubeh , Turner Stephanie , Ståhle Magnus , Bergström Kristofer , Manoharan Lokeshwaran , Ali Ashfaq , Forsman Anders , Hylander Samuel , Dopson Mark 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIncreased ocean temperature associated with climate change is especially intensified in coastal areas and its influence on microbial communities and biogeochemical cycling is poorly understood. In this study, we sampled a Baltic Sea bay that has undergone 50 years of warmer temperatures similar to RCP5-8.5 predictions due to cooling water release from a nuclear power plant. The system demonstrated reduced oxygen concentrations, decreased anaerobic electron acceptors, and higher rates of sulfate reduction. Chemical analyses, 16S rRNA gene amplicons, and RNA transcripts all supported sediment anaerobic reactions occurring closer to the sediment-water interface. This resulted in higher microbial diversities and raised sulfate reduction and methanogenesis transcripts, also supporting increased production of toxic sulfide and the greenhouse gas methane closer to the sediment surface, with possible release to oxygen deficient waters. RNA transcripts supported prolonged periods of cyanobacterial bloom that may result in increased climate change related coastal anoxia. Finally, while metatranscriptomics suggested increased energy production in the heated bay, a large number of stress transcripts indicated the communities had not adapted to the increased temperature and had weakened resilience. The results point to a potential feedback loop, whereby increased temperatures may amplify negative effects at the base of coastal biochemical cycling.
Comparative genomics analysis of statistically significant genomic islands of Helicobacter pylori strains for better understanding the disease prognosis
Authors: Chakraborty Joyeeta , Chatterjee Raghunath 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Bacterial virulence factors are often located in their genomic islands (GIs). Helicobacter pylori, a highly diverse organism is reported to be associated with several gastrointestinal diseases like, gastritis, gastric cancer (GC), peptic ulcer, duodenal ulcer (DU) etc. A novel similarity score (Sm)-based comparative analysis with GIs of 50 H. pylori strains revealed clear idea of the various factors which promote disease progression. Two putative pathogenic GIs in some of the H. pylori strains were identified. One GI, having a putative labile enterotoxin and other dynamin-like proteins (DLPs), is predicted to increase the release of toxin by membrane vesicular formation. Another island contains a virulence-associated protein D (vapD) which is a component of a type-II toxin–antitoxin system (TAs), leads to enhance the severity of the H. pylori infection. Besides the well-known virulence factors like Cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) and vacA, several GIs have been identified which showed to have direct or indirect impact on H. pylori clinical outcomes. One such GI, containing lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis genes was revealed to be directly connected with disease development by inhibiting the immune response. Another collagenase-containing GI worsens ulcers by slowing down the healing process. GI consisted of fliD operon was found to be connected to flagellar assembly and biofilm production. By residing in biofilms, bacteria can avoid antibiotic therapy, resulting in chronic infection. Along with well-studied CagA and vacuolating toxin A (vacA) virulent genes, it is equally important to study these identified virulence factors for better understanding H. pylori-induced disease prognosis.
LineGAN: An image colourisation method combined with a line art network
Authors: Lv Dahua , Pu Yuanyuan , Nie Rencan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe work on grayscale image colourisation has been significantly improved. Currently, learning‐based methods have achieved some great colourisation effects, but existing colour edge bleeding, especially when colourful cartoon characters. In this paper, we focus on the colourisation of cartoon characters from a series in an adversarial environment with a line art network, whose name is LineGAN. LineGAN learns the corresponding colour mapping from datasets, improving the accuracy of image colourisation. Our methods limit the colour boundary overflow by adding a line art frame in the generator. Extensive experiment results on cartoon image colourisation tasks demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve effective results.
Effectiveness of the heartbeat interval error and compensation method on heart rate variability analysis
Authors: Shintomi Ayaka , Izumi Shintaro , Yoshimoto Masahiko , Kawaguchi Hiroshi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of heartbeat error and compensation methods on heart rate variability (HRV) with mobile and wearable sensor devices. The HRV analysis extracts multiple indices related to the heart and autonomic nervous system from beat‐to‐beat intervals. These HRV analysis indices are affected by the heartbeat interval mismatch, which is caused by sampling error from measurement hardware and inherent errors from the state of human body. Although the sampling rate reduction is a common method to reduce power consumption on wearable devices, it degrades the accuracy of the heartbeat interval. Furthermore, wearable devices often use photoplethysmography (PPG) instead of electrocardiogram (ECG) to measure heart rate. However, there are inherent errors between PPG and ECG, because the PPG is affected by blood pressure fluctuations, vascular stiffness, and body movements. This paper evaluates the impact of these errors on HRV analysis using dataset including both ECG and PPG from 28 subjects. The evaluation results showed that the error compensation method improved the accuracy of HRV analysis in time domain, frequency domain and non‐linear analysis. Furthermore, the error compensation by the algorithm was found to be effective for both PPG and ECG.
Experimental study on ageing characteristics of electric locomotive ethylene propylene rubber cable under mechanical–thermal combined action
Authors: Zhou Lijun , Liu Cong , Quan Shengwei , Zhang Xiangyu , Wang Dongyang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe train‐mounted ethylene propylene rubber (EPR) cables of electric locomotive are partly restricted by the body structure and spatial layout and are in a combined environment of strong mechanical bending and thermal ageing. The degradation characteristics of the insulation layer have not yet received sufficient attention. In order to study the ageing characteristics of EPR cables of electric locomotive under the combined action of machine and thermal, this paper designs a bending–thermal combined ageing test platform for cables with a temperature of 135°C, bending diameter of 393.52 mm, 590.28 mm and unbending cables, and tests after ageing. The product has been tested by infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, elongation at break and broadband dielectric spectroscopy. The research results show that the bending outer part of the train‐mounted EPR cable is a pain point. Under the combined action of bending and thermal, whether it is microstructure or macro performance, the degradation rate and degree of the bending of outer insulation layer are greater than the value under a single thermal ageing condition. Mechanical bending has an accelerating effect on the ageing of the EPR insulation layer. The research results can provide a reference for the ageing characteristics of the train‐mounted EPR cable under the bending–thermal synergy and the evaluation of operating state of the train‐mounted EPR cable under bending–thermal operating conditions.
Variational joint self‐attention for image captioning
Authors: Shao Xiangjun , Xiang Zhenglong , Li Yuanxiang , Zhang Mingjie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe image captioning task has attracted great attention from many researchers, and significant progress has been made in the past few years. Existing image captioning models, which mainly apply attention‐based encoder‐decoder architecture, achieve great developments image captioning. These attention‐based models, however, are limited in the caption generation due to the potential errors resulting from the inaccurate detection of objects and incorrect attention to the objects. To alleviate the limitation, a Variational Joint Self‐Attention model (VJSA) is proposed to learn a latent semantic alignment between the given image and its label description for guiding better image captioning. Unlike the existing image captioning models, VJSA first uses a self‐attention module to encode the effective relationship information of intra‐sequence and inter‐sequences relationships. And then the variational neural inference module learns a distribution over the latent semantic alignment between the image and its corresponding description. In the decoding, the learned semantic alignment guides the decoder to generate the higher quality image caption. The results of the experiments reveal that the VJSA outperforms the compared models, and the performances of various metrics show that the proposed model is effective and feasible in image caption generation.
New exocomets of β Pic
Authors: Pavlenko Ya. , Kulyk I. , Shubina O. , Vasylenko M. , Dobrycheva D. , Korsun P. 
Published: March 2022

Aims. The aim of our work is to analyze the light curves of β Pic which were recently observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) in sectors 32, 33, and 34 by searching for the signatures of exocomet transits.
Methods. We processed the β Pic light curves from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes database, applying the frequency analysis to remove harmonic signals due to the star’s pulsations, and we used a simple 1D model to fit the profiles of the events that were found.
Results. We recovered events previously found by other authors in sectors 5 and 6 and found five new distinct aperiodic dipping events with asymmetric shapes resembling the expected profiles due to the passage of a comet-like body across the star disk. These dips are rather shallow, with the flux drop at a level of 0.03% and a duration of less than 1 day. No periodic transits were found in the sectors investigated.
Conclusions. The depth and duration of the identified dips are similar to the recently discovered transits in the β Pic light curves from sector 5 of the TESS observations as well as to those found in the light curves of KIC 354116 and KIC 1108472 from the Kepler database. This indicates that aperiodic shallow dips are not likely an exceptional phenomenon, at least for the β Pic system.
Kyphectomy with anterior column reconstruction using titanium mesh cage in meningomyelocele patients
Authors: Hussien Mohammed Ali , Elbadrawi Ahmed , Zayan Mohammed 
Published: March 2022

Study design: Prospective case series. Purpose: To describe a new technique for anterior column reconstruction after kyphectomy in myelomeningocele patients using titanium mesh cage and to evaluate outcomes and complications. Methods: Sixteen patients with severe dorsolumbar kyphosis 2ry to myelomeningocele were enrolled with a mean age of 10.1 years. Kyphectomy procedure and long spinopelvic fixation were done, titanium mesh cage was used to reconstruct the anterior column. Operative time and intraoperative blood loss were calculated. Using the Cobb method, pre and postoperative measurements of local/regional kyphosis were done. Degree and mean percentage of correction were calculated. Anterior intervertebral height of the kyphotic area was also measured. The mean follow-up period was 27 months. Results: Operative time was 271.3 min ± 25, and estimated intraoperative blood loss was 781.3 mL ± 92.3. On average, 2.5 vertebrae were resected. All 16 patients were able to lie supine immediately postoperatively. The mean preoperative local/regional kyphosis was 107.5°, and 106.9° respectively, corrected to 22.5° and 28.8° postoperatively, with a mean degree of correction of 85° and 78.1° respectively. Mean preoperative anterior intervertebral height was 3.54 cm, improved to 4.64 cm postoperatively. Only 2 cases had a superficial wound infection managed conservatively. At the latest follow-up, no loss of correction pseudoarthrosis occurred, and all patients showed solid fusion. Conclusion: Titanium mesh cage is an efficient, easy method for anterior reconstruction following kyphectomy in myelomeningocele patients, to maintain postoperative correction.
Level of evidence: Therapeutic studies, Level IV study
Chronisch verstopfte Nase
Authors: Heyny Rosemarie , Thumm Anusati , Lisa Rauth , Blume Ralf 
Published: March 2022

SummaryVier Experten stellenBehandlungsansätze bei chronisch verstopfter Nase mithilfe von TCM, Aromatherapie, Mikrobiologischer Therapie und Homöopathie vor.
Warmer Mantel statt kalter Reiz
Authors: Fernkäse Uta 
Published: March 2022

SummaryDie meisten Menschen leiden, insbesondere aufgrund moderner Lebens- und Ernährungsweise, phasenweise unter Magenbeschwerden, rund ein Drittel unter einem Reizmagen. Entspannung, Regelmäßigkeit, kleine Portionen, warme, verträgliche, salz- und fettarme Nahrung sowie schonende Zubereitung zählen zu den Grundregeln magenfreundlicher Ernährung. Im vorgestellten Fall konnte die Patientin durch eine Umstellung von kalter, fettreicher Kost auf warme, gemüsereiche und verträgliche Nahrung nahezu Beschwerdefreiheit erreichen.
Cardiac and Cerebral Arterial Complications of Lemierre Syndrome: Results from a Systematic Review and Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis
Authors: Pleming William , Barco Stefano , Voci Davide , Sacco Clara , Zane Federica , Granziera Serena , Corsi Gabriele , Konstantinides Stavros V. , Kucher Nils , Pecci Alessandro , Valerio Luca 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background Lemierre syndrome is a potentially life-threatening disease, which affects otherwise healthy young adults and adolescents. It is characterized by acute neck vein thrombosis and septic embolism, usually complicating a bacterial infection. Data on the syndrome are sparse, particularly concerning arterial complications.
Methods We evaluated the frequency and patterns of cerebral arterial and cardiac involvement (“arterial complications”) in an individual patient level cohort of 712 patients, representing all cases described over the past 20 years in the medical literature who fulfilled the criteria: (1) bacterial infection in the neck/head site and (2) objectively confirmed thrombotic complication or septic embolism. The study outcomes were defined as all-cause in-hospital deaths and the occurrence of clinical sequelae at discharge or in the postdischarge period.
Results A total of 55 (7.7%) patients had an arterial complication. The most frequent arterial complications were carotid involvement (52.7%), stroke (38.2%), and pericardial complications (20%). Patients with an arterial involvement were more likely to be treated with a greater number of antibiotics (23 vs. 10%) and to receive anticoagulation. In addition, patients with arterial complications had a greater risk of all-cause death (n = 20/600, 3.3% vs. n = 6/52, 12%; odds ratio [OR]: 3.8; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5–9.9) and late clinical sequelae (n = 49/580, 9.0% vs. n = 15/46, 35%; OR: 5.2; 95% CI: 2.65–10.37).
Conclusions While Lemierre syndrome is known to be primarily characterized by venous thromboembolic events, our results suggest that local or distant arterial complications may occur in approximately one-tenth of patients and may be associated with a greater risk of long-term sequelae and death.
Daikenchuto, a Traditional Kampo Medicine, Facilitates Mucosal
Hyperemic Responses through Activation of TRPA1- and TRPV1-Expressing Sensory
Nerves in Rat Stomach
Authors: Yoshikubo Masatoshi , Tashima Kimihito , Raimura Masaki , Watanabe Yuto , Noma Yukiko , Horie Syunji 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDaikenchuto is a traditional Kampo medicine used to treat cold sensations and
dysmotility in the abdomen. This study investigated the roles of transient
receptor potential ankyrin 1- and transient reporter potential vanilloid
1-expressing sensory nerves in daikenchuto-induced gastric mucosal blood flow by
pharmacological and immunohistochemical analyses using male Sprague-Dawley rats.
Gastric mucosal blood flow was measured in ex vivo stomachs using a laser
Doppler flowmeter. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 activator allyl
isothiocyanate or transient reporter potential vanilloid 1 activator capsaicin
were applied for 10 min, and daikenchuto was applied for 10 or
30 min to the rat stomach. Transient reporter potential vanilloid 1
blocker N-(4-t-butylphenyl)-4-(3-chlopyridin-2-yl)
tetrahydropyrazine-1(2H)-carboxamide and transient receptor potential
ankyrin 1 blocker A-967079 were also administered intragastrically. Capsaicin
and allyl isothiocyanate increased gastric mucosal blood flow immediately after
the intragastric application, which was almost completely inhibited by
N-(4-t-butylphenyl)-4-(3-chlopyridin-2-yl)
tetrahydropyrazine-1(2H)-carboxamide and A-967079, respectively.
Daikenchuto increased gastric mucosal blood flow in a concentration-dependent
manner. A-967079 significantly inhibited the increase in gastric mucosal blood
flow induced by daikenchuto. In contrast,
N-(4-t-butylphenyl)-4-(3-chlopyridin-2-yl)
tetrahydropyrazine-1(2H)-carboxamide inhibited the responses to
daikenchuto only in the late phase but not in the initial phase. Interestingly,
in the deafferentation of capsaicin-sensitive sensory fiber in rats, the
increased gastric mucosal blood flow induced by daikenchuto was only decreased
in the late phase. Although transient receptor potential ankyrin 1- and
transient reporter potential vanilloid 1-immunoreactive fibers were observed
around the submucosal blood vessels of normal subjects, they were completely
absent in the deafferentation of capsaicin-sensitive sensory fibers. Thus,
daikenchuto increases gastric mucosal blood flow via transient receptor
potential ankyrin 1- and transient reporter potential vanilloid 1-co-expressing
sensory nerves in rat stomachs.
Gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität älterer Menschen in stationären Pflegeeinrichtungen
Authors: Reiber Petra , Wolpert Ina , Graeb Fabian , Wolke Reinhold 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung Ziel der Arbeit ist es, den Einfluss soziodemografischer und pflegespezifischer Variablen auf die gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität (HRQoL) älterer Bewohner*innen in Langzeit-Pflegeeinrichtungen zu untersuchen.
Methodik Ein Datenset von 288 Bewohner*innen aus Pflegeeinrichtungen in Deutschland wurde zu Alter, Geschlecht, Ernährungs-, Kontinenzstatus und Sturzereignissen in Zusammenhang mit HRQoL (EQ-5D-5L) analysiert.
Ergebnisse Eine altersadjustierte multivariate lineare Regressionsanalyse ergibt signifikante Assoziationen der HRQoL mit Harninkontinenz (überwiegend inkontinent β = –0,200; vollständig inkontinent β = –0,330; p < 0,001) und vorhandenem Blasendauerkatheter (β = –0,236; p < 0,05), einem BMI < 25 kg/m² (β = –0,117; p < 0,001) und weiblichem Geschlecht (β = 0,079; p < 0,05).
Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Bedeutung von Kontinenzförderung in Langzeit-Pflegeeinrichtungen, um die gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität zu steigern
Vaginale postoperative Dilatation im Kindesalter
Authors: Woweries Jörg 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDie postoperativen Manipulationen durch Dehnen, Bougierungen bzw. vaginale Dilatationen an einer kindlichen Vagina sind ein schwerwiegender Eingriff, der zu lang anhaltenden psychischen und körperlichen Schäden führt. Sie können zu iatrogenen Traumatisierungen der Sexualität von Kindern durch Ärzt*innen und/oder Eltern führen. Im Operationsverfahren kann man einzeitige und zweizeitige Vorgehensweisen unterscheiden, die in ihren Auswirkungen diskutiert werden. Durch das Gesetz im § 1631e BGB und die ergänzenden Bemerkungen in der Begründung des Gesetzes sind sowohl bei einzeitig als auch bei zweizeitig geplanten Operationen Dilatationen im Kindesalter ausgeschlossen. Sofern Familiengerichte eingeschaltet werden, sollten einzeitige Operationen einer Neovagina expressis verbis untersagt werden. In der Praxis wird sich zeigen, ob das gesetzliche Verbot für Kinder, also bis zur Vollendung des 18. Lebensjahrs, in jedem Einzelfall durchgesetzt wird oder ob Familiengerichte den Wunsch von älteren einsichts- und urteilsfähigen Mädchen nach einem chirurgischen Eingriff akzeptieren, sofern diese die Rekonstruktion der Vagina und die nachfolgenden langfristigen Dilatationen nach reiflicher Überlegung ertragen bzw. erleiden wollen. Noch ist die Praxis der Familiengerichte nicht zu beurteilen.
Entwicklung auditiver Verarbeitungs- und Wahrnehmungsleistungen mit und ohne AVWS im Grundschulalter
Authors: Nickisch Andreas , Nickisch Leonie , Kiese-Himmel Christiane 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Ob sich die an unauffälligen Kindern beschriebenen Reifungsprozesse des zentralen Hörsystems auch an Kindern mit auditiven Verarbeitungs- und Wahrnehmungsstörungen (AVWS) im Grundschulalter nachweisen lassen, sollte an 2 Schülerjahrgängen (1. und 4. Klasse) im Kontrollgruppenvergleich untersucht werden.
Material und Methoden In die Auswertung gingen 7 Testergebnisse von 82 Erstklässlern (40 mit AVWS; 42 unauffällige Kinder) und 65 Viertklässlern (35 mit AVWS; 30 unauffällige Kinder) ein. Es wurde eine ANOVA mit dem Gesamtsummenwert aus folgenden 7 Untersuchungen sowie anschließend eine MANOVA mit den Einzeltestergebnissen durchgeführt: Göttinger Sprachaudiometrie II im Störgeräusch; dichotisches Wortpaarverstehen (Uttenweiler-Test); Phonemdifferenzierung, Phonemidentifikation, Phonemanalyse (Subtests aus Heidelberger Lautdifferenzierungstest); Zahlenfolgen-Gedächtnis (Subtest aus psycholinguistischem Entwicklungstest); Mottier-Test.
Ergebnisse Die ANOVA zeigte signifikante Haupteffekte von „Schuljahr“ (p < 0,001; η² = 0,418) und „Gruppe“ (p < 0,001; η² = 0,690), jedoch keine Interaktionseffekte zwischen beiden. Das Ergebnis der MANOVA war ähnlich bzgl. der o. g. Haupteffekte; nur für 2 Tests (Phonemidentifikation, Phonemanalyse) wurde die Interaktion der Faktoren Schuljahr und Gruppe mit jeweils geringen Effektstärken von 3 bzw. 6 % statistisch signifikant.
Diskussion Gemäß dieser Querschnittsstudie scheint der Unterschied zwischen den beiden Gruppen unabhängig vom Schuljahr zu sein.
Fazit Im Grundschulalter gibt es nicht nur für unauffällige Kinder, sondern auch für solche mit AVWS Hinweise auf eine Reifung des zentralen Hörsystems.