bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Postoperative Analgesic Effect of Hydromorphone Hydrochloride and Decreased Incidence of Pruritus via Continuous Low-dose Pumping of Nalmefene: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Wang Ye , Zhao Lin , Wu Meng , An Qi , Guo Qianqian , Fan Chunling , Guo Zhenggang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Hydromorphone hydrochloride has a satisfactory effect on postoperative analgesia for patients with colorectal cancer, yet accompanied by a relatively incidence of adverse events. Low-dose naloxone combined with opioids for Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) can reduce the incidence of drug-related adverse events. Meanwhile, Nalmefene is a more selective opioid receptor antagonist than naloxone. This study hypothesized that low-dose nalmefene combined with hydromorphone hydrochloride for PCA could enhance the analgesic effect of the drug and reduce the incidence of adverse events.
Methods The present research was designed as a randomized, double-blind, controlled study. Ninety-nine patients undergoing selective radical resection of colorectal cancer were enrolled and randomly divided into three groups. The postoperative analgesia plan of the three groups was Hydromorphone hydrochloride (0.15mg/kg) added to 100 ml of normal saline, among which 2μg/kg of Nalmefene was added to group N1, 0.5μg/kg Nalmefene to group N2, and normal saline only in group C. The induction and maintenance plan of general anesthesia were the same in the three groups, and PCA was connected after operation. Furthermore, the following data were recorded, including the degree of pain (NRS score) at 1, 6, 12, 24 and 48h after surgery, the occurrence of nausea, vomiting and pruritus, the frequency of PCA, the time of postoperative exhaust, the time of drainage tube extubation, and the overall length of hospital stay.
Results After being approved by the Ethics Committee of our hospital, our study included ninety-three patients with written informed consent provided. Compared with group C, the NRS scores were significantly lower in group N1 at 12 and 48 hours after operation (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in group N2. Compared with 12 hours after operation, the NRS scores of the three groups decreased at 48h after operation (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of nausea and vomiting, but a difference was observed in the incidence of pruritus among three groups(P<0.05).
ConclusionNalmefene at the dosage of 2μg/kg enhances the postoperative analgesic effect of hydromorphone hydrochloride and reduces the occurrence of postoperative pruritus.
Trial Registration: The trial was registered on the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration number: ChiCTR2000033520, date: 03/06/2020).
Impact of financial support on treatment outcomes of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a population-based, retrospective cohort study in China
Authors: Chen Yong , Zhang Yi , Wu Zheyuan , Xu Biao , Chen Jing , Sha Wei , Liu Xiaoxia , Shen Xin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground To date, the treatment success rate of Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is low. The prolonged treatment course and expensive second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs (SLDs) for treating MDR-TB could lead to heavy financial expenditure. This economic barrier might result in poor adherence, lost to follow-up and treatment failure. Therefore, provision of financial support might improve treatment outcomes of MDR-TB. This study investigated the association between a subsidy policy and treatment outcomes of MDR-TB patients. Methods In this population-based, retrospective study, demographic, clinical characteristics, and the drug susceptibility profiles of all registered MDR-TB patients between 2011 and 2019 in Shanghai, China were collected. In total, 865 of 1016 patients were eligible for analysis, among which 70.6% (611/865) had treatment success. Information on the subsidies for MDR-TB treatment, which was in addition to the basic health insurance, were routinely recorded by the end of December 2021. Multivariate logistic regression adjusted for potential confounders was performed to evaluate the association between the situation of subsidies and treatment outcomes by estimating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The effect of greater/less subsidies on outcomes was further assessed using the median amount of financial support as cut-off points. Results During the study period, 74.1% (641/856) patients received subsidies for MDR-TB treatment. The median subsidies received across the treatment course was 15026 (Interquartile range, IQR, 7107–36001) Chinese Yuan (CNY), of which the reimbursement for SLDs were the major components. Those who had treatment success received significantly more subsidies (median, 17836 CNY) compared with patients with adverse outcomes (9794 CNY, P < 0.001). Benefiting from the subsidy policy was positively associated with treatment success, with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) equal to 2.95 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.03–4.28). Among 641 patients who received subsidies, the OR comparing those with greater and less reimbursement was 1.74 (95% CI, 1.16–2.61). Additional adjustment for baseline drug-resistance did not alter these results. Conclusions Financial support was positively associated with better treatment outcomes among MDR-TB patients. Results in this study call for further financial assistance to facilitate appropriate medical care and to improve treatment outcomes of MDR-TB.
Relevance and Experiences of HIV Testing Models towards Three 95 Targets in Tanzania
Authors: Joho Selemani , Mollel Henry A. , Kacholi Godfrey 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The government of Tanzania adopted the United Nation AIDS “95-95-95” strategy as a step to fast tracking HIV/AIDS free generation by 2030. The adoption was followed by expansion of HIV services to all health facility levels. The focus of the nation was to strengthen HIV testing services that is central to achieve the first 95- of UNAIDS fast-track target as adopted by Tanzania for which the second and third 95s are heavily dependent on. Achievement of first 95 was expected to drive the achievement of second 95 and third 95s.The study aimed to assess implementation of HIV testing model in increasing coverage of HIV testing at Pangani district council.
Methods
Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Pangani District Council. Purposive sampling technique was used to select health care providers from health facilities providing HIV testing services. Interview and focus group discussion used to collect primary data from facility in charge, CTC in charge and staffs working in CTC unit. Data from CTC 2 data base and DHIS 2 for monitoring HIV services were used. Descriptive analysis, phenomenological analysis and ethnographic analysis were used to summarize, organize and interpret data through Atlas ti software version 7.
Results
Pangani district council tested 106,232 people between 2016 and 2020. Out of tested people, 69, 460 (65.39%) were tested at five health facility through Amref supported program and 36,772 (34.61%) tested from 17 facilities that did not get support from Amref. Among the people tested for HIV 2,843 people (2.68%) were positive where: PITC contributed 73.40%, index contributed (18.15%), PMTCT contributed (4.22%) and VCT contributed (2.78%). Training on new HIV testing strategies, motivation of staff and availability of HIV testing kits were the factors associated to achievement.
Conclusion
The council has to establish regular on job training need assessment on provision of HIT at all levels. The council should prepare plan and allocate resources to the 18 facilities that did not get support from Amref. This plan and resources will help synthesize efforts to implementation of HIV testing models. The council should find another implementation partner in HIV services to cover the facilities that do not get support from Amref. Motivation supposed to be clear in terms of process, motivational factors, time interval and criteria for being motivated
Pulmonologist performed ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration of lung lesions
Authors: Kwok Chin Tong , Yeung Yiu Cheong , Chan Yu Hong , Ho Man Ying 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background and objective:
Lung cancer is increasingly common and accurate diagnosis is important for personalized treatment. Ultrasound guided percutaneous fine needle aspiration is a useful method to obtain specimen for histological diagnosis of peripheral lung lesions. The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and complication rate of the procedure performed by pulmonologists. The result is compared with ultrasound guided core needle biopsy performed by radiologists.
Methods:
We retrospectively evaluated the diagnostic accuracy and complication rate of pulmonologist-performed ultrasound guided FNA of lung lesions in the period of 1st August 2019 to 30th June 2021 (pulmonologist group) and radiologist-performed ultrasound guided CNB of lung lesions in the period of 1st January 2010 to 31st December 2014 (radiologist group). Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent influence factors associated with diagnostic accuracy in pulmonologist group and in combining both groups.
Results:
In a 23-month period, pulmonologists in a tertiary center performed 113 episodes of ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration for peripheral lung lesions. The diagnostic accuracy and complication rate were 80.4% and 5.3% respectively, comparable to 86.8% and 7.4% in a historical cohort consisting of 68 episodes of ultrasound guided core needle biopsy performed by radiologists in the same hospital. Lung lesions of upper lobe location were predictive of successful diagnosis.
Conclusion:
Ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration by pulmonologist is an easily accessible and reliable method to obtain specimen for histological diagnosis.
Humoral immune response to tumor-associated antigen Ubiquilin 1 (UBQLN1) and its tumor-promoting potential in lung cancer
Authors: Wang Yulin , Ouyang Songyun , Liu Man , Si Qiufang , Zhang Xue , Zhang Xiuzhi , Li Jiaqi , Wang Peng , Ye Hua , Shi Jianxing , Song Chunhua , Wang Kaijuan , Dai Liping , Zhang Jianying 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of UBQLN1 in lung cancer (LC) tissue and the diagnostic capability of autoantibody to UBQLN1 (anti-UBQLN1) in the detection of LC, as well as discriminating malignant and benign pulmonary nodules (PNs).
Methods
Sera from 798 participants of three independent cohorts were used to discover and validate the level of autoantibodies via HuProt microarray and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Logistic regression analysis was applied to establish model combining anti-UBQLN1, CT characteristics and traditional serum biomarkers. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic potential. Immunohistochemistry of tissue array was performed to detect UBQLN1 expression in 88 LC tissues and 88 para-tumor tissues. qRT-PCR and western blotting were performed to detect the expression of UBQLN1 at the mRNA and protein levels in cell lines, respectively. Trans-well assay and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to investigate the functions of UBQLN1 in two lung cancer cell lines (CALU3 and H358).
Results
Anti-UBQLN1 was identified with the highest fold change by means of protein microarray in the discovery cohort. The level of anti-UBQLN1 in LC patients was obviously higher than that in NC or patients with benign lung disease of validation cohort 1 (P < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of anti-UBQLN1 was 0.610 (95%CI: 0.508–0.713) while reached at 0.822 (95%CI: 0.784–0.897) when combining anti-UBQLN1with CEA, CYFRA21-1, CA125 and three CT indicators (vascular notch sign, lobulation sign and mediastinal lymph node enlargement) in the discrimination of malignant from benign PNs. UBQLN1 protein was overexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissues compared to para-tumor tissues. UBQLN1 knockdown remarkably inhibited the migration, invasion and proliferation of two lung cancer cell lines.
Conclusions
UBQLN1 can elicit the humoral immune response as tumor-associated antigen in LC. The autoantibody to UBQLN1 might be a potential biomarker for LC diagnosis and might be useful to improve the discrimination of malignant from benign PNs.
Bridging synthesis and controllable doping of monolayer 4-inch transition-metal dichalcogenides single crystals with record-breaking electron mobility
Authors: Li Hui , Yang Junbo , Li Xiaohui , Luo Quankun , Cheng Mo , Feng Wang , Du Ruofan , Wang Yuzhu , Song Luying , Wen Xia , Wen Yao , Xiao Mengmeng , Liao Lei , Zhang Yanfeng , Shi Jianping , He Jun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Epitaxial growth and controllable doping of wafer-scale atomically thin semiconductor single crystals are two central tasks to tackle the scaling challenge of transistors. Despite considerable efforts have been devoted, addressing such crucial issues simultaneously under two-dimensional (2D) confinement is yet to be realized. Here we design an ingenious epitaxial strategy to synthesize record-breaking 4-inch Fe-doped transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) single crystals on industry-compatible c-plane sapphire without miscut angle. Atomically thin transistors with the highest recorded electron mobility (~231 cm2 V−1 s−1) and remarkable on/off current ratio (~109) are fabricated based on 4-inch Fe-MoS2 single crystals, due to the ultralow contact resistance (~489 Ω µm) and subthreshold swing (~95 mV dec−1). In-depth characterizations and theoretical calculations reveal that the introduction of Fe significantly decreases the formation energy of parallel steps on sapphire surfaces and contributes to the edge-nucleation of unidirectional alignment TMDCs domains (>99%), as well as the modulation of band structures. This work represents a substantial leap in terms of bridging synthesis and doping of wafer-scale 2D semiconductor single crystals without the need for substrate miscut, which should promote the further device downscaling and extension of Moore’s law.
Future climate change will decrease the carbon stock in three-quarters of global protected areas
Authors: Shi Hong , Li Xia , Wang Shaojian , Fang Chuanglin , Li Taohong , Liu Xiaojuan , Zhang Han , Zhang Qi , Yan Yuchao , Tang Dongmei , Hubacek Klaus 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The improvement of the habitat of protected areas is of great importance to meet the Convention on Biological Diversity. Using legal means to protect sensitive areas from human interference such as land use change has been an effective way to maintain ecosystem services. Currently 17% of global land is protected yet less effective in face of anthropogenic climate change; the extent to which these ecosystem services are affected by climate change is less understood. Thus, we created the first dataset of the carbon density index, which represents the amount of carbon stock per unit of protected land, and assessed past and future effects of climate change. We found that future climate change will decrease the carbon stock of 75.0% of global protected areas. Latitudinal differences and the size of protected areas will also affect the vulnerability of protected areas to future climates. The protected areas located between N40–60° will suffer the most from future climates. Connecting small protected areas and upgrading the protection level of such areas can be effective to tackle climate change. We find that small protected areas (less than 1 km2), which account for 37.2% of the total protected area can improve their connectivity for less vulnerability.
Thymoquinone induces G2/M cell cycle phase arrest and apoptosis through inhibition of JNK phosphorylation and induction of p53 and p21 expression in HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cells
Authors: Mahjoub Sana , Dhiflaoui Amani , Almawi Wassim Y. , Mahjoub Touhami , Morjani Hamid , Martiny Laurent , Devarenne-Charpentier Emmanuelle , Btaouri Hassan EL 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Resistance to chemotherapy is a major cause of failure in cancer treatment. Several approaches have been used to circumvent this resistance, including the co-treatment with ABC proteins inhibitors. However, such strategy did not significantly improve cancer therapy due to toxicity and bioavailability of these compounds. Antitumor activity of natural compounds has been largely explored during the last decades as an alternative to improve cancer treatment. One of explored natural molecules is thymoquinone which has been demonstrated to inhibit proliferation and to induce apoptosis in different tumor cell lines. Thymoquinone is able to activate several cellular pathways and thereby to affect cell proliferation and survival. Methods: The HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells has been treated with Thymoquinone and JNK inhibitor SP600125.
Results
We showed that thymoquinone arrested cell cycle at the G2M phase and induced apoptosis of HT1080 cells. These effects were mediated through the inhibition of JNK phosphorylation and induction of p53 and p21 expression. The use of the JNK inhibitor SP600125 demonstrated that the inhibition of this pathway is involved in the thymoquinone-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
Conclusions
Our data clearly showed that thymoquinone, a naturally-occurring compound, induced G2/M cell cycle phase arrest and apoptosis of human fibrosarcoma HT1080 cells via inhibition of JNK phosphorylation and induction of p53 and p21 expression.
Mussel-inspired Injectable Microbubbles Delivery System for Drug Ultrasound Contrast and Long-lasting Analgesic Effect in Peripheral Nerve Block
Authors: Shang Huijie , Ye Haotian , Yue Caibao , Ji Muhuo , Gu Hanwen , Pan Weitong , Liu Panmiao , Yang Jianjun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block is difficult to accurately identify the diffusion location of injected local anesthetics. Moreover, current available local anesthetics are limited in duration, which is inadequate for the treatment of prolonged pain. We designed a drug delivery system by using adhesive polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) microbubbles loaded with ropivacaine to accurately identify and deliver the local anesthetics to the desired targeted site for prolonged analgesic time in rat pain models.
Methods
The adhesive PLGA-ropivacaine microbubbles (APRMs) were fabricated by coating polydopamine on the PLGA microbubbles with ropivacaine embedded in the shell. Ropivacaine release and ultrasonographic experiments of APRMs were conducted in vitro. Then, incision surgery and SNI-induced neuropathic pain were conducted for adult male rats to verify the ropivacaine release of APRMs in vivo. Ultrasound imaging was performed to confirm the ultrasonic visualization of APRMs. The in vivo fluorescence imaging experiment was conducted for the adhesion property of APRMs. Finally, systemic toxicity and tissue reaction were histologically evaluated.
Results
In vivo, these microbubbles were able to accurately identify and release local anesthetics to targeted sites for prolonged analgesia. Results showed that APRMs not only presented a continuous release of ropivacaine for at least 16 days, but also exhibited strong dispersed echo spots in agarose gel. In animal model studies, APRMs alleviated mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia in neuropathic and postoperative pain, which lasted at least 7 days. More importantly, the APRMs performed a lower agent spread area and longer analgesic time than PRMs and ropivacaine groups in thermal analgesic test. Additionally, histological systemic toxicity and tissue reactions evaluated that APRMs did not display any detectable systemic toxicity or adverse tissue reactions.
Conclusions
APRMs served as an excellent nerve blocker in this delivery system to achieve accurate, sustainable, and safe analgesic efficacy for pain management.
Vision-based In-Hand Manipulation via Picking up by a Two-fingered Robotic Hand with Conveyor Belts
Authors: Isobe Yuzuka , Pathak Sarthak , Umeda Kazunori , Hashimoto Yusuke , Matsuyama Yoshinari , Matsuda Taku , Kaneda Yu , Ikeuchi Hiroki , Tadakuma Kenjiro 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a vision-based in-hand manipulation method. Picking up an object from a pile is an important task for a robotic hand. In particular, for objects of various sizes, weights, and hardness, it is necessary to detect slippage between the object and the surface of the hand. Meanwhile, dexterously changing the position and orientation of the grasped object in the hand workspace is also necessary for sequential pick-and-place tasks. In an effort to achieve sequential motion, an algorithm for picking up and translating a desired object is proposed. A two-jaw parallel gripper with a conveyor belt on each gripper surface is used, which is capable of both translating and rotating a grasped object. In order to observe the slippage, the actuation of the belts is combined with the detection of the manipulation status from images captured by a stereo camera attached to the hand. With an algorithm for the combination, both picking up and translating various objects of unknown sizes and hardness are achieved without needing machine learning models (which require large amounts of training data) or any kind of tactile sensing. The validity of the proposed method is verified through experiments to pick up various objects and translate them to the given position.
A Tetramethylpyrazine Releasing Hydrogel can Potentiate CAR-T Cell Therapy against Triple negative breast cancer by Reprogramming Tumor Vasculatures
Authors: Liu Yan , Hao Yu , Lv Xiang , Zhang Yefei , Ma Xinxing , Zhou Yehui , Feng Liangzhu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Irregular vasculature of solid tumors has proven to be a pivotal factor restricting their response to chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cell therapy because it is tightly associated with hypoxia and other biological barriers.
Methods: Herein, an injectable hydrogel composed of poly (ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) and ferrous chloride (FeCl2) responding to endogenous hydrogen peroxides (H2O2) is developed to enable sustained intratumoral release of Chinese herbal extracts tetramethylpyrazine (TMP). then the effect and mechanism of angiogenesis and tumor vasculature maturation by TMP@PEGgel were evaluated by immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, western blotting, real-time PCR and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Furthermore, tumor infiltration, survival, and effector function of CAR-T cell were investigated by in vitro different cell assay and in vivo tumor xenografts mouse models.
Results: Upon being fixed inside tumors with the PEGDMA based hydrogel, TMP can remodel tumor vasculature by simultaneously promoting angiogenesis and dilating tumor vasculature via activating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and the endothelial nitric oxide synthase/nitric oxide (eNOS/NO) axis inside vascular endothelial cells and thus attenuate tumor hypoxia in two murine xenografts bearing human triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Resultantly, treatment with TMP fixation potentiate the tumor suppression effect of intravenously injected epidermal growth factor receptor expressing CAR-T (HER-1-CAR-T) cells toward two TNBC tumor xenografts by promoting their tumor infiltration, survival, and effector function.
Conclusion: This study highlights that TME remodeling through reprogramming tumor vasculature with TMP@PEGgel treatment is a promising and robust strategy to reinforce the therapeutic potency of CAR-T cell therapies toward solid tumors.