bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sarcopenia in Patients With Spinal Metastasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Retrospective Cohort Studies
Authors: Tan Haifeng , Gao Xiaoyu , Li Xiaoyu , Huang Yunling , Cao Qi , Wan Teng 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundAs a metastasis cancer that happens up to 70% of the cancer patients, spinal metastasis is drawing attention for its significant impairment to health. There exist several predictive models designed to estimate mortality in spinal metastasis patients but they are reported with limited accuracy. In recent years, some retrospective cohort studies have been carried out to associate sarcopenia with mortality in spinal metastasis.IntroductionAs a risk factor leading to adverse events in many diseases, sarcopenia was considered to significantly impact on patients with spinal metastasis in mortality by some scientists. We aimed to look through the current evidence and use statistic measures to value the role of sarcopenia in spinal metastasis. In this study, we are going to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of available retrospective cohort studies where sarcopenia is assessed for outcomes in spinal metastasis patients.MethodsOn October 7, 2021, we performed a search in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. We set no restrictions on language, date or areas. Results were expressed as hazard ratio (HR) or odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI by random effects model. Sensitivity analyses were performed to explore sources of heterogeneity and stability of results.ResultsOf the 4,196 papers screened, 10 retrospective cohort studies were included, with a total of 1,674 patients. Results showed that sarcopenia was associated with higher overall mortality (OR, 1.60; 95% CI 1.35–1.90) and lower overall survival (HR, 2.08; 95% CI 1.55–2.80). The sensitivity analysis proved the stability of results in terms of publication years, region, time of diagnosis, sample size, female rate, measurement and follow up period.ConclusionsSarcopenia is a robust indicator of mortality in spinal metastasis patients and it might be applied to decision-making tools to assess survival probability and adjust the extent of treatment, while a lack of higher level of evidence is existing.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO CRD42021283348.
Comparison of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography to Color Doppler Ultrasound in Evaluation of Carotid Body Tumors
Authors: Gu Guangchao , Zhang Xiaoyan , Shen Junyue , Gulidanna Shayan , Gao Qiong , Shao Jiang , Liu Bao , Zhang Bo , Zheng Yuehong 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveThe objectives of this study were to prospectively 1) explore the characteristics and enhanced patterns of carotid body tumors (CBTs) at color Doppler ultrasound (CDU) and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) qualitatively and quantitatively and 2) compare CDU and CEUS for their morphology and vascularity signature.MethodsCDU and CEUS with Sonovue® were used to evaluate 25 CBT lesions. The comparison between these ultrasonic modalities included the size, Shamblin type, vascularity, and feeding vessels of the lesion areas. The time–intensity curve (TIC) analysis was used to obtain the dynamics of the contrast-enhancement features of CBTs.ResultsThe TIC analysis presented a fast wash-in [wash-in time: 3.00 ± 1.10 s, mean ± SD] and slow wash-out [wash-out time: 58.79 ± 24.21 s, mean ± SD] pattern in the CBT lesions, with a high area under the curve (AUC) of 669.68 ± 143.46 mm2 (mean ± SD). In comparison with CDU, CEUS was superior in identifying Shamblin type I or III CBT lesions (χ2 = 17.389, p=0.002). It detected a significant difference in the AUC between moderate and marked vascularity groups (563.33 ± 102.63 vs. 707.22 ± 138.81, t=-2.311, p=0.031.), while CDU observed no significant difference between these two groups. Although CDU was more sensitive than CEUS in detecting feeding vessels (100% vs. 88%), CEUS better visualized the origins of feeding vessels (χ2 = 9.162, p=0.010).ConclusionCEUS can better investigate the Shamblin type and vascularity of CBT lesions than CDU. CBTs displayed a fast wash-in, slow wash-out pattern with high AUC in the TIC analysis in the CEUS mode. CDU is more sensitive in detecting feeding vessels than CEUS, while CEUS can better visualize the origins of feeding vessels.
Efficacy of Metacognitive Training for Patients With Schizophrenia in Psychiatric Emergency Wards: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Haga Saori , Kobayashi Masayoshi , Takehara Ayako , Kawano Kojiro , Endo Kenji 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionMetacognitive training (MCT) is a group program for improving cognitive bias in patients with schizophrenia. MCT has a reported positive effect on psychiatric symptoms and cognitive bias in patients with schizophrenia, but the effect of the intervention on patients with schizophrenia in the early recovery stage during hospitalization is not comprehensible. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the efficacy of MCT in the early recovery stage of patients with schizophrenia in a Japanese emergency psychiatric ward.MethodThis unblinded, pilot randomized controlled trial recruited 24 patients with schizophrenia aged 20–65 years. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: occupational therapy (OT) + MCT group and OT-only group. Using the two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), changes in cognitive function, psychiatric symptoms, cognitive insight, and intrinsic motivation were compared between those at baseline and post-intervention and between the two groups. Furthermore, patient readmission during the year after discharge was compared between the groups.ResultsThe final analysis included eight patients in each group, owing to the withdrawal of some patients from the study. The two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed significant differences in cognitive function in several domains within subjects. However, no significant differences between subjects were observed. Psychiatric symptoms showed significant within-subject improvement, and interaction was found for general psychopathology (p = 0.03). The variable of cognitive insight and self-reflectiveness was significantly different between subjects (p = 0.03). There was no significant difference in intrinsic motivation. Readmission within a year was significantly lower in the OT + MCT group than in the OT-only group (2 [25%] vs. 6 [75%]; p = 0.046).ConclusionIn a Japanese emergency psychiatric ward, this pilot randomized controlled study was the first attempt to investigate the efficacy of MCT in patients with schizophrenia suggesting that MCT may be effective in preventing psychiatric symptoms, poor self-reflectiveness, and readmissions.The study was registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR; UMIN000034106).
Strengthening Primary Healthcare in Kosovo Requires Tailoring Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Prevention Interventions and Consideration of Mental Health
Authors: Obas Katrina Ann , Bytyci-Katanolli Ariana , Kwiatkowski Marek , Ramadani Qamile , Fota Nicu , Jerliu Naim , Statovci Shukrije , Gerold Jana , Zahorka Manfred , Probst-Hensch Nicole 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesKosovo has the lowest life expectancy in the Balkans. Primary healthcare (PHC) plays an essential role in non-communicable disease (NCD) prevention. We described primary, secondary and tertiary prevention indicators in Kosovo and assessed their association with depressive symptoms.MethodsPHC users (n = 977) from the Kosovo NCD cohort baseline study were included. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Depressive Anxiety Stress Scale-21. Cross-sectional associations between depressive symptoms and prevention indicators were quantified with mixed logistic regression models.ResultsPoor nutrition (85%), physical inactivity (70%), obesity (53%), and smoking (21%) were common NCD risk factors. Many cases of hypertension (19%), diabetes (16%) and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) (45%) remained undetected by a PHC professional. Uncontrolled hypertension (28%), diabetes (79%), and COPD (76%) were also common. Depressive symptoms were positively associated with physical inactivity (OR 1.02; 95% CI 1.00–1.05 per 1-point increase in DASS-21) and undetected COPD (OR 1.07; 95% CI 1.00–1.15), but inversely with undetected diabetes (OR 0.95; 95% CI 0.91–1.00).ConclusionsContinued attention and tailored modifications to primary, secondary and tertiary prevention in Kosovo are needed to narrow the Balkan health gap.
Factors Associated With Mortality Among the COVID-19 Patients Treated at Gulu Regional Referral Hospital: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Baguma Steven , Okot Christopher , Alema Nelson Onira , Apiyo Paska , Layet Paska , Acullu Denis , Oloya Johnson Nyeko , Ochula Denis , Atim Pamela , Olwedo Patrick Odong , Okot Smart Godfrey , Oyat Freddy Wathum Drinkwater , Oola Janet , Ikoona Eric Nzirakaindi , Aloyo Judith , Kitara David Lagoro 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundThe advent of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused millions of deaths worldwide. As of December 2021, there is inadequate data on the outcome of hospitalized patients suffering from COVID-19 in Africa. This study aimed at identifying factors associated with hospital mortality in patients who suffered from COVID-19 at Gulu Regional Referral Hospital in Northern Uganda from March 2020 to October 2021.MethodsThis was a single-center, retrospective cohort study in patients hospitalized with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 at Gulu Regional Referral Hospital in Northern Uganda. Socio-demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, co-morbidities, duration of hospital stay, and treatments were analyzed, and factors associated with the odds of mortality were determined.ResultsOf the 664 patients treated, 661 (99.5%) were unvaccinated, 632 (95.2%) recovered and 32 (4.8%) died. Mortality was highest in diabetics 11 (34.4%), cardiovascular diseases 12 (37.5%), hypertensives 10 (31.3%), females 18 (56.3%), ≥50-year-olds 19 (59.4%), no formal education 14 (43.8%), peasant farmers 12 (37.5%) and those who presented with difficulty in breathing/shortness of breath and chest pain 32 (100.0%), oxygen saturation (SpO2) at admission &lt;80 4 (12.5%), general body aches and pains 31 (96.9%), tiredness 30 (93.8%) and loss of speech and movements 11 (34.4%). The independent factors associated with mortality among the COVID-19 patients were females AOR = 0.220, 95%CI: 0.059–0.827; p = 0.030; Diabetes mellitus AOR = 9.014, 95%CI: 1.726–47.067; p = 0.010; Ages of 50 years and above AOR = 2.725, 95%CI: 1.187–6.258; p = 0.018; tiredness AOR = 0.059, 95%CI: 0.009–0.371; p &lt; 0.001; general body aches and pains AOR = 0.066, 95%CI: 0.007–0.605; p = 0.020; loss of speech and movement AOR = 0.134, 95%CI: 0.270–0.660; p = 0.010 and other co-morbidities AOR = 6.860, 95%CI: 1.309–35.957; p = 0.020.ConclusionThe overall Gulu Regional Hospital mortality was 32/664 (4.8%). Older age, people with diabetics, females, other comorbidities, severe forms of the disease, and those admitted to HDU were significant risk factors associated with hospital mortality. More efforts should be made to provide “additional social protection” to the most vulnerable population to avoid preventable morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 in Northern Uganda.
Introducing genetic testing with case finding for familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care: qualitative study of patient and health professional experience
Authors: Silva Luisa , Condon Laura , Qureshi Nadeem , Dutton Brittany , Weng Stephen , Kai Joe 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundFamilial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a common inherited condition causing elevated cholesterol, premature heart disease, and early death. Although FH can be effectively treated, over 80% of people with FH remain undetected.AimTo explore patient and health professional experiences of introducing genetic testing with case finding for FH in primary care.Design and settingQualitative study in UK general practice.MethodSemi-structured interviews with a purposeful sample of 41 participants (24 patients and 17 health professionals) from eight practices, using an electronic case-finding tool (FAMCAT) to identify patients with higher likelihood of having FH and who were then offered diagnostic genetic testing in primary care. Data were analysed thematically.ResultsWhile prior awareness of FH was low, patients were unsurprised to be identified as being at risk, and positive about being offered genetic testing by their practice. Patients not found to have FH were relieved, although some felt frustrated that their high cholesterol lacked a clear cause. Those confirmed to have FH largely expected and accepted this outcome. Practitioners saw detection of FH as an important new opportunity for preventive care. They found the case-finding tool easy to apply and noted patients’ high uptake of genetic testing. While they were comfortable referring appropriate patients for further specialist management, GPs sought clearer definition about responsibility for identification and long- term care of FH in future care pathways.ConclusionIntroducing genetic testing with electronic case finding for FH in primary care was positively experienced by patients and practitioners. Further development of this approach could help improve detection of FH in the general population.
Contemporary Approaches towards Chronic Endometritis Diagnosis and Treatment in Women Suffering from Infertility (Literature Review)
Authors: Жуковская С.В. , Жуковская С.В. 
Published: April 2022

В представленной статье описаны основные актуальные подходы к диагностике и лечению хронического эндометрита (ХЭ) у женщин фертильного возраста. Отмечено, что основным диагностическим стандартом верификации хронического эндометрита является иммуно-гистохимическое исследование с обнаружением маркеров плазматических клеток (CD138). Также описаны прогностически значимые методы молекулярной диагностики (полимеразная цепная реакция в режиме реального времени), секвенирование генов бактериальных нуклеиновых кислот. Представлены результаты изучения зарубежных научных публикаций, посвященных рациональным подходам к системной антибактериальной терапии хронического эндометрита. Изучено и описано влияние эффективного лечения указанной патологии на репродуктивный потенциал в частности, на частоту наступления спонтанных беременностей и беременностей в программах вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий на частоту живорождения. Также представлено описание опыта местного применения растворов антибактериальных лекарственных средств (внутриматочное введение) в терапии ХЭ.
This article presents the description of most valuable diagnostic and therapeutic approaches towards the problem of chronic endometritis (CE) in women of fertile age. It is stated that immunohistochemical assessment of endometrial tissues based on the presence of plasma cells markers (CD138) is recommended to be used as the gold diagnostic standard in CE verification. Additional innovative methods with high prognostic value are described, such as real-time polymerase chain reaction and bacterial nucleic acid gene sequencing. The results of contemporary scientific publications that focus on evidence-based approaches towards rational systemic antibacterial therapy of chronic endometritis are also presented in the article. The effect of antibacterial treatment of CE on female reproductive potential was studied and described: especially, on the rate of spontaneous pregnancies and pregnancies after in-vitro fertilization procedures and on the live birth rate. A novel experimental approach towards CE treatment is mentioned, which includes intrauterine infusion of antibiotics.
Investment Opportunity Set, Free Cash Flow, Current Ratio terhadap Nilai Perusahaan
Authors: Mulyantoni Berliana 
Published: April 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menegtahui pengaruh investment opportunity set, free cash flow dan current ratio terhadap nilai perusahaan yang dipengaruhi kebijakan dividen pada perusahaan pertambangan periode 2016-2020. Sumber penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berasal perusahaan pertambangan yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonsia (BEI) khususnya annual report pada tahun 2016-2020. Pada penelitian ini populasi yang digunakan ada 32 perusaahan pertambangan yang terdaftar di BEI dengan menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa investment opportunity set secara parsial tidak berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan, sedangkan free cash flow dan current ratio secara parsial berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan.
Pengaruh Mekanisme Corporate Governance, Investment Opportunity Set dan Likuiditas terhadap Nilai Perusahaan
Authors: Khairina Annisa 
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengestimasi pengaruh mekanisme corporate governance, investment opportunity set dan likuiditas terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan kualitas laba sebagai variabel moderasi pada perusahaan properti dan real estate yang terdaftar di BEI 2016 - 2020. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan random sampling dan diperoleh sebanyak 35 perusahaan properti dan real estate yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Pengumpulan data bersumber atau berasal dari Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Website perusahaan (www.idx.co.id). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Komisaris independen dan Komite audit tidak berpengaruh dan tidak signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Kepemilikan institusional dan Investment opportunity set berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Likuiditas berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Komisaris independen terdapat pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan kualitas laba sebagai moderasi. Kepemilikan institusional, Komite audit, dan Likuiditas tidak berpengaruh dan tidak signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan kualitas laba sebagai moderasi. Investment opportunity set berpengarh positif dan signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan sebagai kualitas laba sebagai moderasi.
Kinerja Pengelolaan Persampahan di Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Afriyanni Afriyanni 
Published: April 2022

Pembangunan wilayah perkotaan yang disertai dengan peningkatan jumlah penduduk memicu permasalahan pembangunan termasuk masalah sampah. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kinerja pengelolaan persampahan di Kota Pekanbaru ditinjau dari 5 (lima) aspek, yaitu: teknis operasional, kelembagaan, pembiayaan, partisipasi masyarakat dan regulasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif desktiptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data wawancara mendalam, studi dokumentasi dan observasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan mereduksi data, analisis data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan kinerja pengelolaan persampahan di Kota Pekanbaru masih belum optimal. Beberapa permasalahan yang dihadapi yaitu: keterbatasan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) dan sarana prasarana persampahan, rendahnya kesadaran dan partisipasi masyarakat, lemahnya penegakan perda dan sosialisasi terkait regulasi maupun mekanisme penanganan persampahan yang belum optimal. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan beberapa hal, yaitu: melengkapi sarana prasarana dan SDM, melaksanakan transformasi layanan, meningkatkan Komunikasi Informasi dan Edukasi (KIE), mengoptimalkan monev dan penegakan sanksi, mengevaluasi kerjasama dengan pihak ketiga.
Studi Inhibisi Korosi Pipa Sistem Pendingin Sekunder RSG-GAS BATAN Oleh Karboksimetil Kitosan
Authors: Safitra Edwin Rizki , Cahyani Dwi , Herlina Idra 
Published: April 2022

Corrosion is one of the unavoidable problems in nuclear reactor cooling systems that use water as a cooling medium. secondary cooling systemThe Reaktor Serba Guna–G.A. Siwabessy (RSG-GAS) is an open recirculation cooling system that uses carbon steel pipes for water delivery. Due to the obvious open recirculation cooling system, components in the system interact with oxygen in the air, resulting in corrosion. Corrosion control in the RSG-GAS has been accomplished through the continuous injection of zinc phosphate (ZnPO4) inorganic inhibitors, but the use of these inhibitors can contribute to environmental pollution and health issues. To resolve these concerns, environmentally-friendly corrosion inhibitors such as carboxymethyl chitosan have been used. CMC (carboxymethyl chitosan) is widely used because it is more amphiprotic than other chitosan derivatives. Because of the number of functional groups in carboxymethyl chitosan, it is an effective corrosion inhibitor. The corrosion inhibition test by CMC on carbon steel in the secondary cooling water system was performed using a weight-loss method in this study with variations of 0, 1, and 3 g CMC. The steel material's composition is 0.23% C, 0.17% Si, 0.008% P, 0.004% S, 0.012% Cr, and 0.037% Mn. According to the study, the corrosion rate generated at variations of 0, 1, and 3 g CMC is 8.237, 5,645, and 5,113 mpy, respectively. According to the data, the addition of CMC can reduce the weight loss of steel due to corrosion because CMC contains many amphiprotic groups that are adsorbed on the surface in half-full d Fe orbitals.