bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of micro‐RNA by a combination of nucleic acid sequence‐based amplification and a novel chemiluminescent pyrophosphate assay
Authors: Karasawa Koji , Arakawa Hidetoshi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMicro‐RNA has attracted much attention as a biomarker for disease progression and malignancy. A compact, simple, rapid, and highly sensitive method is required to perform simple genetic analyses, such as point‐of‐care testing (POCT), at the clinic or bedside. Nucleic acid sequence‐based amplification (NASBA) is a specific amplification method for a single‐stranded RNA fragment that is useful for the highly sensitive detection of miRNAs. In this work, we developed a novel miRNA analytical system for POCT by combining the NASBA and chemiluminescence methods. Because the NASBA reaction is conducted at a constant temperature (41°C) and detection by chemiluminescence reaction does not require a light source, these methods could be combined to amplify 100 ng/assay miRNA. This combined miRNA detection method could be useful for the future development of compact POCT systems.
Effect of molecular representation on deep learning performance for prediction of molecular electronic properties
Authors: Kim Jun Hyeong , Kim Hyeonsu , Kim Woo Youn 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDeep learning (DL) can be a useful approach to molecular applications such as the organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) development via high‐throughput virtual screening. Various representations have been proposed to incorporate molecular structures in DL methods. However, it is yet to be clear which one would be better for accurate prediction of molecular electronic properties. Here, we carried out a comparative study on the performance of four widely used molecular representations to elucidate an optimal solution for DL applications to OLED materials. We implemented six DL models based on the four representations and assessed their accuracies in the prediction of the electronic properties of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) molecules. The attention gated graph neural network based on molecular graphs showed the highest accuracy for test sets and TADF candidates. Therefore, the molecular graph can be used as an optimal representation to predict the TADF‐related molecular properties.
Gaming behavior and brain activation using functional near‐infrared spectroscopy, Iowa gambling task, and machine learning techniques
Authors: Kornev Denis , Nwoji Stanley , Sadeghian Roozbeh , Esmaili Sardari Saeed , Dashtestani Hadis , He Qinghua , Gandjbakhche Amir , Aram Siamak 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe current study investigates the utilization and performance of machine learning (ML) algorithms in the cognitive task of finding the correlation between numerical parameters of the human brain activation during gaming. We hypothesize that our integrated feature extraction platform is able to distinguish between different psychosomatic conditions in the gaming process as measured by the functional near‐infrared brain imaging technique.MethodsFor demonstration, the decision‐making process was constructed in the experiment environment that combined gaming simulator, such as the Iowa Gaming Task (IGT), with functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) as the neuroimaging technique. Features of fNIRS levels were extracted, averaged, and synchronized by time with the IGT dataset to predict the task score inside ML algorithms, such as multiple regression, classification and regression trees, support vector machine, artificial neural network, and random forest. For findings validation, the experiment data were resampled by training and testing sets. Further, a training dataset was used to train the ML algorithms, and prediction accuracy was estimated by repeated cross‐validation methods and compared by R squared and root mean square error (RMSE). The model with the best accuracy was used with the testing dataset and finalized the experiment.ResultsDuring the experiment, the highest correlation was identified in the fourth block between the oxy‐hemoglobin signal and IGT score in average value (0.24) and signal feature (0.57). Such relationship is due to block 4 characterization as “conceptual” period when participants task experience reaches the maximum, and rewards raise accordingly. Simultaneously, ML algorithms, constructed based on training data set, demonstrate acceptable performance, and RMSE as the primary performance metric dynamically increases from block 1 to block 5, from the state of uncertainty and unknown to the certainty and risky. In contrast, R squared decreases during the same transition. In most IGT blocks, the best fitted model was determined as support vector machine with radial bases function kernel, and predictions were made with the highest accuracy (lowest RMSE) than in training models.ConclusionObtained findings showed the applicability and capability of ML models as a powerful technique to evaluate the cognitive neuroimaging task result. Moreover, in terms of features it was identified that the hemodynamic response reacts to the acceleration decision‐making process and raises more significance than it was observed before.
Effect of extruded corn flour addition on the quality characteristics of fine dried noodles
Authors: Xu Fei , Chen Jie , Wang Lei , Liu Shuhang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIn the past decade, the nonwheat grain noodle has been increasingly popular in the consumer market. However, as pseudocereals lack gluten protein, the addition level of pseudocereal in the wheat dough is strictly limited due to the poor viscoelastic property and processability.FindingsIn this study, to increase the addition level of corn in wheat, extrusion was used to modify corn flour's (CF's) physicochemical and rheological properties. Physicochemical, hydration, and structural property of extruded corn flour (ECF) were analyzed and compared with CF. Results showed that compared with CF, the content of moisture, fat, and starch of ECF decreased, the content of protein remained unchanged, while the content of reducing sugar, soluble dietary fiber, water solubility index, water absorption index, and viscosity characteristics significantly increased. Additionally, X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectra analysis demonstrated that the extrusion process disrupts the crystal structure of corn starch, the crystallinity of ECF decreased. In XRD analysis, the peak detected at around 20° confirmed the formation of the starch–lipid complex during the extrusion process.ConclusionsDifferent ECF and CF amounts were added to the dough and produced fine dried noodles. According to the tensile and scanning electron microscopy results, the ECF can improve the quality of dough and fine dried noodles.Significance and NoveltyThe results indicated that ECF could effectively enhance the maize addition level in wheat/maize blended fine dried noodles without compromising fine dried noodles' quality.
Bimetallic Cage‐Based Metal–Organic Frameworks for Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution Reaction with Enhanced Activity
Authors: Zhang Rui‐Zhe , Lu Le‐Le , Chen Zhong‐Hang , Zhang Xiaoping , Wu Bo‐Yuan , Shi Wei , Cheng Peng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA cage‐based metal–organic framework (Ni‐NKU‐101) with biphenyl‐3,3’,5,5’‐tetracarboxylic acid was synthesized via solvothermal method. Ni‐NKU‐101 contains two types of cages based on trinuclear and octa‐nuclear nickel‐clusters that are connected with each other by the 4‐connected ligands, to form a 3D framework with a new topology. A mixed‐metal strategy was used to synthesize isostructural bimetallic MOFs of MxNi1‐x‐NKU‐101 (M=Mn, Co, Cu, Zn). The electrocatalytic studies showed that the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity of CuxNi1‐x‐NKU‐101 is much higher than that of other MxNi1‐x‐NKU‐101 catalysts in acidic aqueous solution, owing to the synergistic effect of the bimetallic centers. The optimized Cu0.19Ni0.81‐NKU‐101 has an overpotential of 324 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 131 mV dec−1. The mechanism of HER activity over these bimetallic MOF‐based electrocatalysts are discussed in detail.
Assessing left atrial function in patients with atrial fibrillation and valvular heart disease using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Hou Jie , Sun Yu , Zhang Libo , Wang Wei , You Hongrui , Zhang Rongrong , Yang Benqiang , Wang Huishan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is common arrhythmia in valvular heart disease (VHD) and is associated with adverse outcomes.HypothesisTo evaluate the left atrial (LA) function in patients with AF‐VHD by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging feature tracking (CMR‐FT) using LA strain (εs/εe/εa) and their corresponding strain rate (SRs/SRe/SRa).MethodsThis was a retrospective cross‐sectional inter‐reader and intra‐reader reproducibility conducted from July 1, 2020, to January 31, 2021. A total of 39 patients with AF‐VHD (rheumatic heart valvular disease [RHVD] [n = 22], degenerative heart valvular disease [DHVD] [n = 17]) underwent MRI scans performed with drug‐controlled heart rate before correcting the rhythm and valves through maze procedure. Fifteen participants with normal cardiac MRI were included as healthy control. εs/SRs, εe/SRe, and εa/SRa, corresponding to LA reservoir, conduit, and booster‐pump function, were assessed using Feature Tracking software (CVI42 v5.12.1).ResultsCompared with healthy controls, LA global strain parameters (εs/εe/εa/SRs/SRe/SRa) were significantly decreased (all p < 0.001), while LA size and volume were increased in AF‐VHD group (all p < 0.001). In the subgroup, RHVD group showed lower LA total ejection fraction (LATEF) and strain data than DHVD group (12.6% ± 3.3% vs. 19.4 ± 8.6, p = 0.001). Decreased LATEF was significantly related to altered LA strain and strain rate, especially in εs, εe, and SRs (Pearson/Spearman r/ρ = 0.856/0.837/0.562, respectively; all p < 0.001). Interstudy and intrastudy reproducibility were consistent for LA volumetry and strain parameters (intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.88–0.99).ConclusionsCMR‐FT can be used to assess the LA strain parameters, and identify LA dysfunction and deformation noninvasively, which could be a helpful functional imaging biomarker in the clinical treatment of AF‐VHD.
Detection of recurrent colorectal cancer with high specificity using a reporting threshold for circulating tumor DNA methylated in BCAT1 and IKZF1
Authors: Pedersen Susanne K. , Musher Benjamin L. , LaPointe Lawrence C. , Tuck Melissa K. , Symonds Erin L. , Loayza Naima , Young Graeme P. 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundA blood assay measuring methylated BCAT1 and IKZF1 can detect recurrent colorectal cancer (CRC) with high sensitivity but suboptimal specificity. This study aimed to establish an upper reference limit (URL) of these biomarkers in a reference population without CRC, apply that threshold to detecting clinical recurrence in patients who had undergone definitive therapy for CRC, and compare the performance of the biomarkers with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA).MethodsThe level of methylation was reported as the aggregate methylated BCAT1 and IKZF1 expressed as a percentage of total plasma DNA. A reference population of patients confirmed to have no colorectal neoplasia (n = 857) was used to determine the URL. Test accuracy for clinical recurrence was determined in a post‐treatment surveillance population (n = 549; 77 recurrence cases).ResultsA methylation level of 0.07%, corresponding to the 98th percentile in the reference population, was set as the URL. In the surveillance population, 60 patients had methylation levels above 0.07%, and 81.7% of these had recurrence. In comparison with no minimum threshold being applied, assay sensitivity with a URL of 0.07% yielded similar sensitivity (63.6% [CI, 51.9%‐74.3%] vs 64.9% [CI, 53.8%‐74.7%]; P = .87) and higher specificity (97.7% [CI, 95.9%‐98.8%] vs 91.3% [CI, 88.4%‐93.5%]; P < .001). The BCAT1/IKZF1 test was 2.5‐fold more sensitive than CEA for detecting recurrences considered amenable to surgery with curative intent (50.0% vs 20.8%; P = .016).ConclusionsApplying a threshold for positivity to the methylated BCAT1/IKZF1 blood assay improved the specificity for CRC recurrence without compromising sensitivity. Both the sensitivity and the specificity were superior to those of CEA.
A randomized controlled trial of the effect of supervised exercise on functional outcomes in older African American and non‐Hispanic White breast cancer survivors: Are there racial differences in the effects of exercise on functional outcomes?
Authors: Owusu Cynthia , Margevicius Seunghee , Nock Nora L. , Austin Kristina , Bennet Elizabeth , Cerne Stephen , Hergenroeder Paul , Moore Halle C. F. , Petkac Jean , Schluchter Mark , Schmitz Kathryn H. , Webb Hooper Monica , Wimbley Leonard , Berger Nathan A. 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundThe objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that exercise would be more effective than a support group plus Fitbit (SG+Fitbit) program in improving functional outcomes in older breast cancer survivors (BCSs) and that race would moderate the exercise effect on outcomes.MethodsOlder African American (AA) and non‐Hispanic White (NHW) BCSs were purposively recruited and enrolled into the 52‐week randomized controlled trial. The interventions included 20 weeks of supervised moderate‐intensity aerobic and resistance training followed by 32 weeks of unsupervised exercise called IMPROVE (n = 108) and a 20‐week SG+Fitbit program followed by 32 weeks of unsupervised activity (n = 105). Study outcomes were assessed at 20 and 52 weeks. The primary outcome was the change in Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) scores 20 weeks from the baseline between arms. Secondary outcomes included change in the 6‐Minute Walk Test (6MWT) in meters 20 weeks from the baseline between arms. General linear regression and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used.ResultsThe mean age was 71.9 years (SD, 5.9 years), and 44% were AA. SPPB scores did not differ between arms (adjusted difference in mean change, 0.13; 95% CI, –0.28 to 0.55; P = .53). However, the exercise arm (vs the SG+Fitbit arm) improved on the 6MWT (21.6 m; 95% CI, 2.5‐40.6 m; P = .03). Race moderated the exercise effect on the 6MWT (adjusted interaction effect, 43.3 m; 95% CI, 6.3‐80.2 m; P = .02); this implied that the change in the adjusted mean for the 6MWT at 20 weeks from the baseline was 43.3 m higher in AA exercise participants versus NHW exercise participants.ConclusionsCombined aerobic and resistance exercise appears to improve physical performance in older BCSs, and the exercise effect might be moderated by race, with AAs appearing to derive larger benefits in comparison with NHWs. Larger studies are warranted to confirm the study findings.
A novel high‐gain bidirectional DC–DC converter for EV onboard charger applications
Authors: Krishna Bekkam , Lithesh Gottapu , Karthikeyan V. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn electric vehicle (EV) onboard applications, the bidirectional DC‐DC converter is proposed in this paper to interface low terminal voltage battery with DC bus of the motor. The proposed bidirectional DC–DC converter is configured based on a ladder switching network of inductors and a capacitor. Due to this configuration, the proposed converter has a simple structure, and it can archive high voltage gain with fewer components. A detailed comparative analysis is presented to verify the uniqueness and superiority of the proposed topology. Furthermore, the detailed steady‐state analysis and working principles are presented in this paper. Finally, the 300‐W prototype is built, and the experimental results are presented to verify the performance and feasibility of the proposed bidirectional converter.
Salivary ACE2 and TMPRSS2 link to periodontal status and metabolic parameters
Authors: Zhao Dan , Cheng Tianfan , Koohi‐Moghadam Mohamad , Wu Mei‐Zhen , Yu Shuk Yin , Ding Xun , Pelekos George , Yiu Kai Hang , Jin Lijian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundPeriodontitis links extensively to various non‐communicable diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease and most recently COVID‐19 complications. Two important proteins in humans, ACE2 and TMPRSS2, have been associated with various health problems and coronavirus infection. This study was to investigate the soluble ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in saliva and serum as well as their association with periodontal status and systemic conditions.MethodsThe demographic background, lifestyles, full‐mouth periodontal status and medical parameters in 139 subjects were examined and recorded. Saliva and serum samples were collected for determining the levels of ACE2, TMPRSS2 and MMP8.FindingsThe salivary levels of ACE2 increased with the severity and complexity of periodontitis and correlated positively with alveolar bone loss and salivary MMP8 as an inflammatory biomarker. While, the salivary levels of TMPRSS2 were negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI), cholesterol/high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio, low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), salivary MMP8 and number of remaining teeth. No inter‐correlation existed among ACE2 and TMPRSS2 levels in both saliva and serum.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrated the disparate correlation of the soluble ACE2 and TMPRSS2 with periodontal and systemic parameters. Salivary ACE2 could differentiate periodontal health and severe periodontitis, while salivary TMPRSS2 prominently linked to the metabolic parameters of obesity and cardiovascular disease. Our findings imply the potential application of the biofluidic soluble form of SARS‐CoV‐2 entry proteins in assessing oral or systemic conditions and delivering appropriate healthcare.
Characterization of myelodysplastic syndromes hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells using mass cytometry
Authors: Bachas Costa , Duetz Carolien , van Spronsen Margot F. , Verhoeff Jan , Garcia Vallejo Juan J. , Jansen Joop H. , Cloos Jacqueline , Westers Theresia M. , van de Loosdrecht Arjan A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundMyelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) at risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are difficult to identify. The bone marrows of MDS patients harbor specific hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) abnormalities that may be associated with sub‐types and risk‐groups. Leukemia‐associated characteristics of such cells may identify MDS patients at risk of progression to AML and provide insight in the pathobiology of MDS.MethodsBone marrow samples from healthy donors (n = 10), low risk (n = 12) and high risk (n = 13) MDS patients were collected, in addition, AML samples for 5 out of 6 MDS patients that progressed. Mass cytometry was applied to assess expression of stem cell subset and leukemia‐associated immunophenotype markers.ResultsWe analyzed the data using FlowSOM to cluster cells with similar expression of 10 commonly used stem cell markers. Metaclusters (n = 20) of these clusters represented populations of cells with a related phenotype, largely resembling known stem cell subsets. Within specific subsets, intra‐cellular expression levels of pCREB, IkBα, or pS6 differed significantly between healthy bone marrow (HBM) and MDS or consecutive secondary AML samples. CD34, CD44, and CD49f expression was significantly increased in high risk MDS and AML‐associated metaclusters. We identified MDS/sAML cells with aberrant phenotypes when compared to HBM. Such cells were observed in clusters of both primary MDS and secondary AML samples.ConclusionsHigh‐dimensional mass cytometry and computational data analyses enabled characterization of HSPC subsets in MDS and identification of leukemia stem cell populations based on their immunophenotype. Stem cells in MDS that display leukemia‐associated features may predict the risk of developing AML.
A feasibility study of the delivery of online brief cognitive‐behavioral therapy (CBT‐T) for eating disorder pathology in the workplace
Authors: Toro Carla T. , Jackson Tabitha , Payne Agatha S. , Walasek Lukasz , Russell Sean , Daly Guy , Waller Glenn , Meyer Caroline 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveCBT‐T is a brief (10 sessions) version of cognitive behavioral therapy for non‐underweight eating disorders. This report describes the protocol for a single center, single group, feasibility trial of online CBT‐T in the workplace as an alternative to the health‐service setting. By offering mental health services for eating disorders in the workplace, greater accessibility and increased help‐seeking behaviors could be achieved.MethodTreatment will be delivered online over 10 weeks and offered to employees based on self‐referral rather than meeting diagnostic criteria, making treatment available to employees with sub‐threshold eating disorder symptoms.ResultsAssessments will be conducted at baseline, mid‐treatment (week 4), posttreatment (week 10) and at follow‐up (1 month and 3 months posttreatment). For the primary outcome, measures will include recruitment, attrition and attendance data using pre‐set benchmarks to determine high, medium or low feasibility and acceptability. Qualitative participant experiences data will be analyzed using thematic analysis. Impact on work engagement and effect sizes will be determined from secondary outcome measures; the latter enabling sample size calculations for future study.DiscussionThese pilot data will provide insights to recruitment, acceptability, effectiveness and viability of a future fully powered clinical trial of online CBT‐T in the workplace.Public Significance StatementThis study will present feasibility data from an eating disorders intervention (online CBT‐T) using the workplace as an alternative to the healthcare setting to recruit and treat workers. Recruitment will be based on self‐reported eating and weight concerns rather than diagnosis potentially enabling treatment to employees who have not previously sought help. The data will also provide insights to recruitment, acceptability, effectiveness, and future viability of CBT‐T in the workplace.
How dynamic is the Brahmaputra? Understanding the process–form–vegetation interactions for hierarchies of energy dissipation
Authors: Nandi Ketan Kumar , Pradhan Chandan , Dutta Subashisa , Khatua Kishanjit Kumar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe spatio‐temporal heterogeneity in process–form–vegetation interactions has enabled the Brahmaputra river system to dissipate the fluvial energy at hierarchical scales. The present review article synthesizes the knowledge on braided rivers and an extensive review of the bio‐morphological processes in the Brahmaputra River. In addition, field investigated datasets along with geo‐spatial imageries and Google Earth Engine computed fluvial information are integrated to conceptualize and understand the complex underlying processes in the river. The review can be further used to propose rejuvenation frameworks and research directions concerning the implication of hierarchical energy dissipation potential in the Brahmaputra River.