bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oleuropein Inhibits Invasion of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck Through TGF-β1 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Xu Ting , Liu Xuan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We first examined the effects of oleuropein (OL) on TGF-β1-mediated signal pathway in Tu686 tumor cells. Through morphological and Western blotting assays, we found that OL reversed the TGF-β1-induced EMT, and changed the morphology of cells and the expression levels of epithelial and interstitial markers. Wound-healing and transwell invasion assay indicated that OL reversed the TGF-β1-promoted cell migration and invasion dramatically. The effects of OL were further verified in xenograft tumor model. Due to the low toxicity and less side effects, OL may be of potential value in the inhibition of metastasis of SCCHN and improve survival.
Screening of Laccase-Mediator Systems by White-Rot Fungi Laccases for Biocatalytic Benzyl Alcohol Oxidation
Authors: Capozzi Maria Annunziata M. , Marino Ivana , Pignataro Eugenia , Danzi Donatella , Cellini Francesco , Cardellicchio Cosimo , Biundo Antonino , Pisano Isabella 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Production of added value compounds from waste materials is of utmost importance for the development of a sustainable society especially regarding their use as catalysts in industrially relevant synthetic reactions. Herein, we show the production of laccases from four white-rot fungi, which were grown on agricultural residues, specifically Trametes versicolor 11269, Pleurotus ostreatus 1020, Panus tigrinus 707 and Lentinula edodes SC-495. The produced laccases were tested on biphasic laccase-mediator system (LMS) for the biocatalytic oxidation of the model substrate benzyl alcohol into benzaldehyde. The biphasic LMS was carried out in the presence both of tetrahydrofuran as co-solvent and of the mediator 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxyl (TEMPO) due to its high redox potential and its ability to perform the oxidation. Tolerance studies showed that the dialyzed solutions were able to tolerate 1% of co-solvent, while a concentration of 10% v/v negatively affected their activity. Performances in the biocatalytic oxidation of laccase solutions from different purification steps were compared. Similar conversion was observed for laccase in dialysis and gel filtration product versus commercial T. versicolor laccase. The latter oxidized almost 99% of substrate while the other laccase solutions were able to reach a conversion from 91% for the laccase solution from P. tigrinus 707 after dialysis, to 50% for the laccase solution from P. ostreatus 1020 after gel filtration. This work highlights the potential of unpurified laccase solutions to be used as catalysts in synthetic reactions.
Fall of Parp3 restrains Lgr5+ stem cells proliferation and mucosal renovation in intestinal aging
Authors: Peng Xiuying , Liu Huiling , Wang Jiancheng , Jiang Jie , Chen Hainan , Tao Jin , Wu Bin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The aging small intestine has a great impact on body health. One of the obvious characteristics is the degeneration of epithelium turnover. The acknowledged Lgr5+ intestinal stem cell is the key factor.
Methods
We used Lgr5-EGFP transgenic mice in three different ages (young group:3-6 months, middle group:12-14 months and old group:22-24 months) to mark the Lgr5+ISCs. We collected the jejunum for histology, immunofluorescence, western-blotting and PCR, we isolated the crypts for organoid culture and sorted out the Lgr5hi cells for bulk RNA sequence.
Results
In tissue, the crypts depth, proliferating cells and Lgr5+ISCs number increased in middle group (12-14 months) and then decreased in old group (22-24 months). The number of proliferating Lgr5+ISCs gradually decreased from young to old. In organoids, the buddings number and projected area, Lgr5+ISCs ratio also decreased from young to old. Both gene expression of Parp3 and protein level of Parp3 increased in middle and old group. Parp3 inhibitors slowed down organoids’ growth of the middle age.
Conclusion
Parp3 might participate in regulating the proliferation capacity of Lgr5+ISCs during aging.
Optimization of a Wheat-small Red Bean Double-cropping System in South Korea
Authors: YANG JING , Kim Young-Bok , Hong Ki-Heung , Yoon Seong-Tak 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and small red bean [Vigna angularis (Willd. Ohwi & Ohashi)] are the main ingredients of walnut-shaped “Hodugwaja”. An wheat-small red bean double-cropping system was evaluated in a rice field in the Cheonan region (Korea) to determine its effect on land use. The effects of different quality of wheat and small red bean were also investigated using selected wheat (‘Keumgang’, ‘Sooan’, and ‘Goso’) and small red bean (‘Hongeon’, ‘Chungju’, and ‘Arari’) varieties. The effect of different fertilizer treatments [N1 (50%, 6.6 kg/10a), N2 (100%, 8.8 kg/10a), and N3 (200%, 13.2 kg/10a)] were investigated for wheat, while the effect of sowing date and density were investigated for the small red beans. Our findings revealed that the best variety, sowing date, and nitrogen level combination for wheat-small red bean double-cropping system is ‘Goso’ sown on October 26, N3 nitrogen application, and ‘Chungju’ sown on July 10 with high ridge cultivation, at a density of 60 × 15 cm. This system was the most ideal yielding 521.6 kg/10a (1000 m2) and 275 kg/10a of ‘Goso’ and ‘Chungju’, respectively. This pioneering research provides a reliable cultivation plan and theoretical basis for implementing the double-cropping system of wheat-small red beans in central Korea.
Application of POSSUM and P-POSSUM Scores in the Risk Assessment of Elderly Hip Fracture Surgery: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Feng Wanjiang , Zhang Xiaobo , Wu Xin , Meng Ye , Huang Lihua , Wang Jianlong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Since Mohamed et al analyzed 2326 orthopedic cases in 2002 and believed that the POSSUM formula can be directly used to predict postoperative morbidity and mortality in orthopedic patients, applications of POSSUM and P-POSSUM scores in the hip fracture surgery have been mostly reported in the field of orthopedics, but there are still some inconsistencies in the related reports. Methods: The electronic library was searched for all literature that met the purpose from its inception to 2021. Relative risk (RR) was selected to evaluate whether the model could be used to assess the risk of surgery in patients with elderly hip fractures. Finally, sensitivity analyses and subgroup analyses were performed.Results: Thirteen studies were finally included, including 9 retrospective and 4 prospective studies.The morbidity analysis includes 11 studies, and the result was RR=1.07 (95%CI: 0.93-1.24), The mortality analysis includes 11 studies on POSSUM and 5 studies on P-POSSUM. The results of mortality by POSSUM and by P-POSSUM were RR=1.93 (95%CI: 1.21-3.08) and RR=1.15 (95%CI: 0.89-1.50), respectively. POSSUM had more accuracy to predict mortality for sample<200 subgroup(RR=2.45; 95%CI: 0.71-8.42) than sample>200 subgroup (RR=1.59; 95%CI: 1.06-2.40), and in the subgroup of hip fractures that did not distinguish between specific fracture types(RR=1.69, 95%CI: 0.87-3.32) than intertrochanteric neck fracture subgroup(RR=5.04,95%CI: 1.07-23.75) and femoral femoral fracture subgroup(RR=1.43 ,95% CI: 1.10-1.84).Conclusion: POSSUM can be used to predict morbidity in elderly hip fractures. The P-POSSUM was more accurate in predicting mortality in elderly hip fracture patients compared to the POSSUM, whose predictive value for mortality was influenced by the sample size and type of fracture studied. In addition, we believe that appropriate improvements to the POSSUM system are needed to address the characteristics of orthopaedic surgery.
Plasma C4 level was associated with mortality, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Chen Yuqing , Xing Zheyu , Wang Yaqin , Gong Kunjing 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD) exhibit a high risk of death, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (CCDs). Previous studies indicated complement activation associated with the increased risk of cardiovascular diseases in HD patients. This study aimed to explore whether the critical complement factors associated with the adverse outcomes in HD patients.Methods: A total of 108 HD patients were included and followed up for 52 months. The baseline clinical characteristics and plasma C3c, C1q, CFH, CFB, C4, MAC, C5a, C3a and MBL were measured. The three endpoints were death, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (CCEs) and the composition of them. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression identified factors associated with the three endpoints respectively. X-tile analyses determined the optimal cut-off values for high risks. Restricted cubic spline plots illustrated the dose-response relationships. Correlations between the complement factors and risk factors for CCDs were analyzed.Results: Baseline plasma C4 was finally selected by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses for three endpoints, including all-cause mortality, CCEs and the composition of them. When baseline plasma C4 exceeded 0.47 (P=0.001) or 0.44 (P=0.018) g/L respectively, the risks for death or achieving the composite endpoint enhanced significantly. The relationships of C4 and HR for the three endpoints showed a positive linear trend. Plasma C4 had prominent correlations with blood TG (r=0.62, P<0.001) and HDL (r=-0.38, P<0.001).Conclusions: A higher baseline plasma C4 level was significantly associated with the future incidence of decease, CCEs and either of them. Plasma C4 level correlated with blood TG and HDL.
Germplasm rescue of post-mortem critically endangered Yangtze Sturgeon by cell cryopreservation
Authors: Liu Juanjuan , Wang Binzhong , Hu Yacheng , Huang Hongtao , Zhao Xun , Du Hejun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
With the growing sophistication of cloning technology, rescuing cell resources is of great significance for the protection of endangered animals. The Yangtze sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus), one of the three Acipenseriformes species in the Yangtze River, is critically endangered. Natural reproduction of the Yangtze sturgeon has not been detected since 2000. Less than 20 wild individuals are kept in husbandry and all are too old to breed. Therefore, it is urgently to rescue the genetic resources of every wild Yangtze sturgeon. Here, we isolated and preserved viable cells from the post-mortem critically endangered Yangtze Sturgeon for the first time. Attempt of rescuing and preserving cell resources were carried out from 8 tissues, brain, kidney, heart, fin, liver, skin, spleen and muscle of over-35-years-old female wild Yangtze sturgeon between 11 and 14 hours after death at 19.8℃ in outdoor concrete pond, and only muscle tissue cells could be successfully sub-cultured and preserved. Furthermore, the cultured cells were assessed by population doubling time, immunofluorescence analysis, microorganism detection, karyotyping and origin identification, and no abnormality was observed in the morphology, structure, growth and ploidy. These results suggest that viable cells could also be successfully isolated and cryopreserved from the wild Yangtze sturgeon in a short time after death, and muscle tissues had more potential to separate living cells than other tissues. This report is not only of great significance to the germplasm rescue of critically endangered Yangtze sturgeon, but also provides some scientific reference for the germplasm preservation of other endangered fish.
Is the Incidence of Sandwich Vertebral Fracture Higher Than That of Ordinary Adjacent Vertebral Fracture After PKP?
Authors: Yang Bo , Zhao Yangxue 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective: To compare the incidence of fracture between sandwich vertebra and ordinary adjacent vertebra after Percutaneous Kyphoplasty (PKP).Method: We analyzed 225 consecutive patients with Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures (OVCFs) who underwent PKP between January 2016 and December 2020 at our medical institution. The sandwich vertebrae was located between two cement-augmented vertebra and was followed for at least 12 months. The clinical data of patients with sandwich vertebra and ordinary adjacent vertebra were recorded, and the incidence of postoperative fracture between sandwich vertebra and ordinary adjacent vertebra was compared.Results: The mean continuous follow-up time was 31.30±18.04 months in patients with sandwich vertebra and 25.85±7.96 months in patients with ordinary adjacent vertebra. It should be noted that the incidence of sandwich vertebral fractures was 10.00% , which was not statistically higher than 3.26% for ordinary adjacent vertebral fractures. However, a significant difference was observed in the cement volume of single vertebral body, procedure time and bleeding.Conclusion: Although the volume of cement in a single vertebral body is less and the procedure time and bleeding are more, the incidence of sandwich vertebral fracture is not higher than that of ordinary adjacent vertebral body.
Evaluations of an Airway Opening Device with Automatic Position Adjustment in CPR Manikin: A Randomized Non-Blind Study
Authors: Yang Xiangmei , Chen Hongmei , Li Dongmei , Sun Minyue , Luo Yan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Airway problem is one of the important causes of mortality in pre-hospital deaths and airway opening is the first key step of airway management, so we developed a new device to open the airway. The main aim of the study was to compare the effects of our airway opening device and the head-tilt/ chin-lift manoeuvre in airway opening of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) manikin. Methods: We conducted a randomized manikin study in Chongqing, China. College students aged 18 years or older and majoring in medicine were enrolled. The participants performed airway opening using the device at 3 different levels of “the angle of position” (PA) or the head-tilt/chin-lift manoeuvre on a manikin in random order. After opening the airway, participants performed ventilation 2 times. Each participant repeated the procedures 5 times with a 2-minute rest period. The primary outcome was the number of ventilation success. The secondary outcome was the device preference reported by the participant.Results: Eighty-two medical students were enrolled and completed the study. The number of ventilation success was significantly increased in the condition of 95° of PA (8, interquartile range [IQR], 8.75-10) and 100° of PA (8, IQR, 8-10) than in the condition of 90° of PA (8, IQR, 6-9, P <0.001) and the head-tilt/chin-lift manoeuvre (7, IQR, 5-9, P <0.001). There were no significant differences in the number of ventilation success between the condition of 95° of PA and 100° of PA, and between the condition of 90° of PA and the head-tilt/chin-lift manoeuvre (P >0.05). Of 82 participants, 47.6% reported a preference for using the device in emergencies, while 87.8% preferred it in non-emergencies.Conclusions: The device may be considered as a training and evaluation device during the CPR in place of manual manipulation and opening the airway in the manikin.
Epidemiology and Outcomes of Small Bowel Volvulus at a Tertiary Referral Hospital in Rwanda
Authors: Niyonkuru Jean Marie , Saclarides Constantine , Mutabazi Emmanuel , Urimubabo Jean Christian , Rickard Jennifer 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundSmall bowel volvulus is a rare surgical condition that presents with features of intestinal obstruction. The aim of the study was to define the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of small bowel volvulus at a tertiary referral hospital in Rwanda. MethodsWe conducted an observational study of patients with small bowel volvulus from January 2013 – July 2020. Data were searched from the operative database, logbooks, and the electronic medical record. ResultsA total of 75 patients were enrolled. Patients were predominantly male (n=63, 85%) and in the lowest income category (n=51, 85%). Median duration of symptoms was 3 days (interquartile range: 2, 5). Tachypnea and tachycardia were observed in 68 (91%) and 46 (61%) patients, respectively. Most patients (n=46, 67%) presented with features of peritonitis. The most commonly involved segment of bowel was ileum in 36 (49%) patients and 49 (67%) patients had gangrenous bowel. Small bowel resection was performed in 46 (64%) patients and stoma was performed in 27 (36%) patients. Overall, 39 (52%) patients had a complication. Surgical site infections were observed in 12 (16%) patients. In-hospital mortality was 21%. Median length of hospital stay was 7 days (interquartile range: 4, 10)ConclusionSmall bowel volvulus is an important consideration in patients with intestinal obstruction. The underlying etiologies are not clear but there is a significant association in being a male and having a low socio-economic status. It is important to recognize and identify small bowel volvulus to facilitate timely management and improve patient outcomes.
Construction of an Algorithm Based on Oncosis-Related LncRNAs Comprising the Molecular Subtypes and a Risk Assessment Model in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xu Guodong , Chen Hang , Zhou Chongchang , Hu Zeyang , Sang Menglu , Ni Saiqi , Wu Jiacheng , Pan Qiaoling , Liu Kaitai , Li Ni , Zhu Linwen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
As an important non-apoptotic cell death method, oncosis has been reported to be closely associated with tumors in recent years. However, few researches have reported the relationship between oncosis and lung cancer. In this study, we established a oncosis-based algorithm comprised of the cluster grouping and a risk assessment model to predict the survival outcomes and related tumor immunity of patients with LUAD. We selected 11 oncosis-related lncRNAs associated with the prognosis to establish the oncosis-based algorithm and divided the LUAD patients into different clusters and different risk groups. Compared with patients in clsuter1, patients in cluster2 had a survival advantage and had a relatively more active tumor immunity. Subsequently, we constructed a risk assessment model to distinguish between patients into different risk groups, in which low-risk patients tend to have a better prognosis. GO enrichment analysis revealed that the risk assessment model was closely related to immune activities. In addition, low-risk patients tended to have higher content of immune cells and stromal cells in tumor microenvironment, higher expression of PD-1, CTLA-4, HAVCR2, and were more sensitive to ICIs, including PD-1/CTLA-4 inhibitors. The risk score had a significantly positive correlation with TMB. The survival curve of the novel oncosis-based algorithm suggested that low-risk patients in cluster2 have the most obvious survival advantage. The novel oncosis-based algorithm based on the 11 oncosis-related lncRNAs was established to investigate the prognosis and the related tumor immunity of patients with LUAD, which could provide theoretical support for customized individual treatment for LUAD patients.
Multi-task Deep Learning for Glaucoma Detection From Color Fundus Images
Authors: Pascal Lucas , Perdomo Oscar J. , Bost Xavier , Huet Benoit , Otálora Sebastian , Zuluaga Maria A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Glaucoma is an eye condition that, if not diagnosed in time, leads to loss of vision and blindness. While diagnosing campaigns are regularly launched, these require human experts to estimate in a limited time subtle changes in the shape of the optic disc from retinal fundus images. Automatic glaucoma detection methods are desirable to help with the screening of patients, reducing the diagnosis time by analyzing the increasing amount of images. Deep learning methods have been satisfactory to classify and segment diseases in retinal fundus images. To guarantee a good generalization, these methods require vast amounts of annotations, which can be highly problematic given that existing annotated glaucoma datasets contain at most few hundreds of samples. Furthermore, deep learning techniques are computationally greedy, which can be a problem in scenarios with limited resources. The objective of this work is to make optimal use of the few annotated data at disposal and obtain better generalization performance of glaucoma diagnosis deep learning models. We achieve this by designing and training a novel multi-task deep learning model that leverages the similarities of related eye-fundus tasks and measurements used in glaucoma diagnosis. The proposed multi-task deep learning model with independent optimizers (MTL-IO) simultaneously learns different segmentation and classification tasks, thus benefiting from their similarity. The framework uses a U-Net encoder-decoder convolutional network as backbone architecture. Our MTL-IO approach was trained in a retinal fundus glaucoma challenge dataset, including 1200 retinal fundus images (400 for training, 400 for validation, 400 for testing) from different cameras and medical centers. MTL-IO obtained a 92.61 ± 0.38 AUC performance compared to a 87.37 ± 1.51 obtained by the same backbone network trained to detect glaucoma, also outperforming two other state-of-the-art multi-task learning models. Our approach pairs with trained experts and uses ∼ 3.5 times fewer parameters than training each task separately. The data and the code for reproducing our results are publicly available.
Patterns of Volatile Organic Compounds in Excrements of Preterm Neonates Detected by Ion Mobility Spectrometry Coupled to Multi-Capillary Columns
Authors: Bous Michelle , Tutdibi Erol , Nourkami-Tutdibi Nasenien , Kaiser Elisabeth , Stutz Regine , Meyer Sascha , Baumbach Jörg Ingo , Zemlin Michael , Goedicke-Fritz Sybelle 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
As neonates are susceptible for many diseases, establishing non-invasive diagnostic methods is desirable. We hypothesized that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) could be successfully measured in diaper samples.
Methods
We performed a feasibility study to investigate whether ambient air-independent headspace measurements of the VOC profiles of diapers from premature infants can be conducted using ion mobility spectrometer coupled with multi-capillary columns (B & S Analytik GmbH, Dortmund, Germany).
Results
We analyzed 39 diapers filled with stool (n = 10) or urine (n = 20) respectively, using empty diapers as a control (n = 9). A total of 158 different VOCs were identified, and we classified the content of the diapers (urine or stool) according to their VOC profiles with a significance level of p < 0.05.
Discussion
We have developed a novel method to study headspace VOC profiles of biosamples using ion mobility spectrometry coupled with multi-capillary columns. Using this method, we have characterized the VOC profiles of stool and urine of preterm neonates. Future studies are warranted to characterize specific VOC profiles in infections and other diseases of the preterm neonate, thus establishing quick and non-invasive diagnostics in the routine care of the highly vulnerable preterm and term neonates.