bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Addressing the range anxiety of battery electric vehicles with charging en route
Authors: Chakraborty Prabuddha , Parker Robert , Hoque Tamzidul , Cruz Jonathan , Du Lili , Wang Shuo , Bhunia Swarup 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBattery electric vehicles (BEVs) have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles due to benefits in improved fuel economy, lower operating cost, and reduced emission. BEVs use electric motors rather than fossil fuels for propulsion and typically store electric energy in lithium-ion cells. With rising concerns over fossil fuel depletion and the impact of ICE vehicles on the climate, electric mobility is widely considered as the future of sustainable transportation. BEVs promise to drastically reduce greenhouse gas emissions as a result of the transportation sector. However, mass adoption of BEVs faces major barriers due to consumer worries over several important battery-related issues, such as limited range, long charging time, lack of charging stations, and high initial cost. Existing solutions to overcome these barriers, such as building more charging stations, increasing battery capacity, and stationary vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) charging, often suffer from prohibitive investment costs, incompatibility to existing BEVs, or long travel delays. In this paper, we propose Peer-to-Peer Car Charging (P2C2), a scalable approach for charging BEVs that alleviates the need for elaborate charging infrastructure. The central idea is to enable BEVs to share charge among each other while in motion through coordination with a cloud-based control system. To re-vitalize a BEV fleet, which is continuously in motion, we introduce Mobile Charging Stations (MoCS), which are high-battery-capacity vehicles used to replenish the overall charge in a vehicle network. Unlike existing V2V charging solutions, the charge sharing in P2C2 takes place while the BEVs are in-motion, which aims at minimizing travel time loss. To reduce BEV-to-BEV contact time without increasing manufacturing costs, we propose to use multiple batteries of varying sizes and charge transfer rates. The faster but smaller batteries are used for charge transfer between vehicles, while the slower but larger ones are used for prolonged charge storage. We have designed the overall P2C2 framework and formalized the decision-making process of the cloud-based control system. We have evaluated the effectiveness of P2C2 using a well-characterized simulation platform and observed dramatic improvement in BEV mobility. Additionally, through statistical analysis, we show that a significant reduction in carbon emission is also possible if MoCS can be powered by renewable energy sources.
High miR203a-3p and miR-375 expression in the airways of smokers with and without COPD
Authors: van Nijnatten Jos , Brandsma Corry-Anke , Steiling Katrina , Hiemstra Pieter S. , Timens Wim , van den Berge Maarten , Faiz Alen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSmoking is a leading cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is known to have a significant impact on gene expression and (inflammatory) cell populations in the airways involved in COPD pathogenesis. In this study, we investigated the impact of smoking on the expression of miRNAs in healthy and COPD individuals. We aimed to elucidate the overall smoking-induced miRNA changes and those specific to COPD. In addition, we investigated the downstream effects on regulatory gene expression and the correlation to cellular composition. We performed a genome-wide miRNA expression analysis on a dataset of 40 current- and 22 ex-smoking COPD patients and a dataset of 35 current- and 38 non-smoking respiratory healthy controls and validated the results in an independent dataset. miRNA expression was then correlated with mRNA expression in the same patients to assess potential regulatory effects of the miRNAs. Finally, cellular deconvolution analysis was used to relate miRNAs changes to specific cell populations. Current smoking was associated with increased expression of three miRNAs in the COPD patients and 18 miRNAs in the asymptomatic smokers compared to respiratory healthy controls. In comparison, four miRNAs were lower expressed with current smoking in asymptomatic controls. Two of the three smoking-related miRNAs in COPD, miR-203a-3p and miR-375, were also higher expressed with current smoking in COPD patients and the asymptomatic controls. The other smoking-related miRNA in COPD patients, i.e. miR-31-3p, was not present in the respiratory healthy control dataset. miRNA-mRNA correlations demonstrated that miR-203a-3p, miR-375 and also miR-31-3p expression were negatively associated with genes involved in pro-inflammatory pathways and positively associated with genes involved in the xenobiotic pathway. Cellular deconvolution showed that higher levels of miR-203a-3p were associated with higher proportions of proliferating-basal cells and secretory (club and goblet) cells and lower levels of fibroblasts, luminal macrophages, endothelial cells, B-cells, amongst other cell types. MiR-375 expression was associated with lower levels of secretory cells, ionocytes and submucosal cells, but higher levels of endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and mast cells, amongst other cell types. In conclusion, we identified two smoking-induced miRNAs (miR-375 and miR-203a-3p) that play a role in regulating inflammation and detoxification pathways, regardless of the presence or absence of COPD. Additionally, in patients with COPD, we identified miR-31-3p as a miRNA induced by smoking. Our identified miRNAs should be studied further to unravel which smoking-induced inflammatory mechanisms are reactive and which are involved in COPD pathogenesis.
Improved fluorescent phytochromes for in situ imaging
Authors: Nagano Soshichiro , Sadeghi Maryam , Balke Jens , Fleck Moritz , Heckmann Nina , Psakis Georgios , Alexiev Ulrike 
Published: April 2022

AbstractModern biology investigations on phytochromes as near-infrared fluorescent pigments pave the way for the development of new biosensors, as well as for optogenetics and in vivo imaging tools. Recently, near-infrared fluorescent proteins (NIR-FPs) engineered from biliverdin-binding bacteriophytochromes and cyanobacteriochromes, and from phycocyanobilin-binding cyanobacterial phytochromes have become promising probes for fluorescence microscopy and in vivo imaging. However, current NIR-FPs typically suffer from low fluorescence quantum yields and short fluorescence lifetimes. Here, we applied the rational approach of combining mutations known to enhance fluorescence in the cyanobacterial phytochrome Cph1 to derive a series of highly fluorescent variants with fluorescence quantum yield exceeding 15%. These variants were characterised by biochemical and spectroscopic methods, including time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. We show that these new NIR-FPs exhibit high fluorescence quantum yields and long fluorescence lifetimes, contributing to their bright fluorescence, and provide fluorescence lifetime imaging measurements in E.coli cells.
Topology optimization design of three-dimensional multi-material and multi-body structure based on irregular cellular hybrid cellular automata method
Authors: Deng Xiaolei , Chen Hongxi , Xu Qiyue , Feng Fan , Chen Xingyi , Lv Xiaowen , Lin Xiaoliang , Fu Ting 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn recent years, Hybrid Cellular Automata Method (HCAM) has been successfully applied to solve structural topology optimization problems. However, there was no report on HCAM research of three-dimensional composite structure composed of multiple materials and multiple bodies. Therefore, in this paper, three-dimensional non-cube cells of irregular size (such as tetrahedral cells with adaptive changes inside length) and Finite Element Method (FEM) are introduced to extend HCAM, which is better and more flexibly to fit complex geometric shapes. Furthermore, a better structure configuration of multi-material and multi-body structure is obtained. The typical example study showed that the proposed topology optimization method could effectively remove the redundant materials of multi-material and multi-body structure, and the optimized structure configuration could still meet the requirements of the original condition after geometric reconstructed. Thus it provided a reference for the intelligent design of other products.
Design and optimization of three-dimensional composite multilayer cylindrical pentamode metamaterials for controlling low frequency acoustic waves
Authors: Cai Chengxin , Wang Xue , Wang Qifu , Li Mingxing , He Guangchen , Wang Zhaohong , Qin Yao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFor three-dimensional pentamode metamaterials, it is of great significance to realize underwater low frequency acoustic wave control. Therefore, in order to compare with traditional double-cone pentamode metamaterials, two multilayer composite cylindrical three-dimensional pentamode metamaterials with low frequency and broad band gaps are proposed in this paper. By using pentamode metamaterials with lattice constants on the order of centimeters, the phononic band gaps below 60 Hz and the single-mode area below 30 Hz can be obtained. In addition, compared with asymmetrical double-cone locally resonant pentamode metamaterials, the lower edge frequency, relative bandwidth and figure of merit of the first phononic band gap can be reduced by up to 61.4%, 10.3% and 40.6%, respectively. It will provide reference and guidance for the engineering application of pentamode metamaterials in controlling the ultra-low frequency broadband acoustic waves, vibration and noise reduction.
Drawing the borders of the mesophotic zone of the Mediterranean Sea using satellite data
Authors: Castellan Giorgio , Angeletti L. , Montagna P. , Taviani M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe 30–150 m bathymetric range is commonly adopted in the literature to constrain the mesophotic zone. However, such depth interval varies depending on sunlight penetration, which is primarily a function of solar radiation incidence and water clarity. This is especially obvious in the Mediterranean Sea with its peculiar biophysical properties. Integrating information on light regime in the estimation of the bathymetric range of the mesophotic zone would provide a more robust definition, orienting conservation actions targeting its ecosystems. We present a first assessment of the spatial and vertical extension of the mesophotic zone in the Mediterranean Sea based upon light penetration, comparing our prediction with literature data. Our study also represents a baseline to monitor future variations in the bathymetric interval associated with the mesophotic zone in the Mediterranean Sea in relation to global changes.
Comparative analysis of targeted next-generation sequencing for Plasmodium falciparum drug resistance markers
Authors: Kunasol Chanon , Dondorp Arjen M. , Batty Elizabeth M. , Nakhonsri Vorthunju , Sinjanakhom Puritat , Day Nicholas P. J. , Imwong Mallika 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWell-defined molecular resistance markers are available for a range of antimalarial drugs, and molecular surveillance is increasingly important for monitoring antimalarial drug resistance. Different genotyping platforms are available, but these have not been compared in detail. We compared Targeted Amplicon Deep sequencing (TADs) using Ion Torrent PGM with Illumina MiSeq for the typing of antimalarial drug resistance genes. We developed and validated protocols to type the molecular resistance markers pfcrt, pfdhfr, pfdhps, pfmdr1, pfkelch, and pfcytochrome b, in Plasmodium falciparum for the Ion Torrent PGM and Illumina MiSeq sequencing platforms. With P. falciparum 3D7 and K1 as reference strains, whole blood samples (N = 20) and blood spots from Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) samples (N = 5) from patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria from Ubon Ratchathani were assessed on both platforms and compared for coverage (average reads per amplicon), sequencing accuracy, variant accuracy, false positive rate, false negative rate, and alternative allele detection, with conventional Sanger sequencing as the reference method for SNP calling. Both whole blood and RDT samples could be successfully sequenced using the Ion Torrent PGM and Illumina MiSeq platforms. Coverage of reads per amplicon was higher with Illumina MiSeq (28,886 reads) than with Ion Torrent PGM (1754 reads). In laboratory generated artificial mixed infections, the two platforms could detect the minor allele down to 1% density at 500X coverage. SNPs calls from both platforms were in complete agreement with conventional Sanger sequencing. The methods can be multiplexed with up to 96 samples per run, which reduces cost by 86% compared to conventional Sanger sequencing. Both platforms, using the developed TAD protocols, provide an accurate method for molecular surveillance of drug resistance markers in P. falciparum, but Illumina MiSeq provides higher coverage than Ion Torrent PGM.
A mouse model with widespread expression of the C9orf72-linked glycine–arginine dipeptide displays non-lethal ALS/FTD-like phenotypes
Authors: Verdone Brandie Morris , Cicardi Maria Elena , Wen Xinmei , Sriramoji Sindhu , Russell Katelyn , Markandaiah Shashirekha S. , Jensen Brigid K. , Krishnamurthy Karthik , Haeusler Aaron R. , Pasinelli Piera , Trotti Davide 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTranslation of the hexanucleotide G4C2 expansion associated with C9orf72 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia (ALS/FTD) produces five different dipeptide repeat protein (DPR) species that can confer toxicity. There is yet much to learn about the contribution of a single DPR to disease pathogenesis. We show here that a short repeat length is sufficient for the DPR poly-GR to confer neurotoxicity in vitro, a phenomenon previously unobserved. This toxicity is also reported in vivo in our novel knock-in mouse model characterized by widespread central nervous system (CNS) expression of the short-length poly-GR. We observe sex-specific chronic ALS/FTD-like phenotypes in these mice, including mild motor neuron loss, but no TDP-43 mis-localization, as well as motor and cognitive impairments. We suggest that this model can serve as the foundation for phenotypic exacerbation through second-hit forms of stress.
Spatial auditory presentation of a partner’s presence induces the social Simon effect
Authors: Kiridoshi Arina , Otani Makoto , Teramoto Wataru 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSocial presence is crucial for smooth communications in virtual reality (VR). Current telecommunication systems rarely submit spatial auditory information originating from remote people. However, such information may enhance social presence in VR. In this study, we constructed a dynamic binaural synthesis system and investigated the effect of spatial auditory information of a remote partner on a participant’s behavior using the social Simon effect (SSE). The SSE is a spatial stimulus–response compatibility effect between two persons. The SSE occurs when one perceives that their partner is present. Several studies have confirmed the SSE in actual environments. We presented partner sounds diotically (i.e., without spatial information) to one group or binaurally (i.e., with spatial information) to another group through headphones without providing visual information about the partner. The results showed that the SSE was induced only in the binaural group in the current auditory VR (Experiment 1), whereas both groups exhibited the SSE in an actual environment (Experiment 2). These results suggest that the auditory spatial information of remote people is sufficient to induce the SSE and has a potential to enhance social presence.
Micro-replication platform for studying the structural effect of seed surfaces on wetting properties
Authors: Shin Seungwoo , Choi Su Hyun , Baasanmunkh Shukherdorj , Kim Seok , Choi Hyeok Jae , Cho Young Tae 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBiological surfaces in plants are critical for controlling essential functions such as wettability, adhesion, and light management, which are linked to their adaptation, survival, and reproduction. Biomimetically patterned surfaces replicating the microstructures of plant surfaces have become an emerging tool for understanding plant–environment interactions. In this study, we developed a two-step micro-replication platform to mimic the microstructure of seed surfaces and demonstrated that this initial platform can be used to study seed surface–environment interactions. The two-step process involved the extraction of a simplified seed surface model from real seeds and micro-replication of the simplified seed surface model using nanoimprint lithography. Using Allium seeds collected from Mongolia and Central Asia as the model system, we studied the wettability of biological and synthetic seed surfaces. We could independently control the material properties of a synthetic seed surface while maintaining the microstructures and, thereby, provide clear evidence that Allium seed surfaces were highly wettable owing to the high surface energy in the epidermal material rather than a microstructural effect. We expect that this platform can facilitate study of the independent effect of microstructure on the interaction of seed surfaces with their surroundings and contribute to research on the evolution of plant–environment interactions.
Amorphous cellulose nanofiber supercapacitors with voltage-charging performance
Authors: Fukuhara Mikio , Yokotsuka Tomonori , Hashida Toshiyuki , Miwa Tamon , Fujima Nobuhisa , Morita Masahiro , Nakatani Takeshi , Nonomura Fuminari 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe electric charge storage properties of amorphous cellulose nanofiber (ACF) supercapacitors with different metal carboxylate radicals (COOM; M: Na(I), Ca(II), Al(III)) was investigated in terms of charging/discharging behaviours, alternating current impedance analysis, and plane-wave-based first-principles density functional calculations. Na-ACF exhibited a higher storage effect than Ca- and Al-ACFs. The charge storage mechanism for an Na-ACF supercapacitor was proposed using an electric double layer model in a C12H17O11Na electrolyte with an electrical resistivity of 6.8 × 103 Ω cm, based on the migration of protonic soliton. The supercapacitor, which demonstrated fast charging upon voltage application, could illuminate a white LED for 7 s after charging with 10 mA at 18.5 V.
Psychological distress and mental health trajectories during the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina: a longitudinal study
Authors: Fernández Rodrigo S. , Crivelli Lucia , Guimet Nahuel Magrath , Allegri Ricardo F. , Picco Soledad , Pedreira Maria E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPsychological-distress increased at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina. Longitudinal studies in developing countries are scarce. Particularly, Argentina had one of the longest lockdowns. Differences in preventive measures against the virus spread between countries may differentially affect the mental health of the populations. Here we aimed to characterize distinct psychological-distress and related-symptoms trajectories associated with the pandemic and explore risk/protective factors. In this longitudinal study, data from 832 Argentineans were collected every 3–5 months, between April 2020–August 2021. Mean psychological-distress levels and related-symptoms tended to increase over time. However, latent-class analysis identified four distinct psychological-distress trajectories. Most individuals had consistently good mental health (Resilient). Two classes showed psychological-distress worsening during the initial phase of the pandemic and recovered at different time points (Fast Recovery; Slow Recovery). The remaining class maintained a mild -level of psychological-distress and began to deteriorate in March 2021 (Deteriorating) continuously. Individuals who are younger, female, have pre-existing psychiatric diagnoses, or have high neuroticism or lower resilience were more likely to experiencing fluctuations in psychological-distress. The mental health trajectory during the pandemic had a complex dynamic. Although most participants remained resilient, a vulnerable group was detected, which deteriorated over time and should be considered by health-services.
Multi-site desmoplastic small round cell tumors are genetically related and immune-cold
Authors: Wu Chia-Chin , Beird Hannah C. , Lamhamedi-Cherradi Salah-Eddine , Soeung Melinda , Ingram Davis , Truong Danh D. , Porter Robert W. , Krishnan Sandhya , Little Latasha , Gumbs Curtis , Zhang Jianhua , Titus Mark , Genovese Giannicola , Ludwig Joseph A. , Lazar Alexander J. , Hayes-Jordan Andrea , Futreal P. Andrew 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDesmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a highly aggressive soft tissue sarcoma that is characterized by theEWSR1-WT1fusion protein. Patients present with hundreds of tumor implants in their abdominal cavity at various sites. To determine the genetic relatedness among these sites, exome and RNA sequencing were performed on 22 DSRCT specimens from 14 patients, four of whom had specimens from various tissue sites. Multi-site tumors from individual DSRCT patients had a shared origin and were highly related. Other than theEWSR1-WT1fusion, very few secondary cancer gene mutations were shared among the sites. Among these,ARID1A, was recurrently mutated, which corroborates findings by others in DSRCT patients. Knocking outARID1Ain JN-DSRCT cells using CRISPR/CAS9 resulted in significantly lower cell proliferation and increased drug sensitivity. The transcriptome data were integrated using network analysis and drug target database information to identify potential therapeutic opportunities in EWSR1-WT1-associated pathways, such as PI3K and mTOR pathways. Treatment of JN-DSRCT cells with the PI3K inhibitor alpelisib and mTOR inhibitor temsirolimus reduced cell proliferation. In addition, the low mutation burden was associated with an immune-cold state in DSRCT. Together, these data reveal multiple genomic and immune features of DSRCT and suggest therapeutic opportunities in patients.
3D reconstruction from cryo-EM projection images using two spherical embeddings
Authors: Lu Yonggang , Liu Jiaxuan , Zhu Li , Zhang Bianlan , He Jing 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSingle-particle analysis (SPA) in cryo-electron microscopy has become a powerful tool for determining and studying the macromolecular structure at an atomic level. However, since the SPA problem is a non-convex optimization problem with enormous search space and there is high level of noise in the input images, the existing methods may produce biased or even wrong final models. In this work, to deal with the problem, consistent constraints from the input data are explored in an embedding space, a 3D spherical surface. More specifically, the orientation of a projection image is represented by two intersection points of the normal vector and the local X-axis vector of the projection image on the unit spherical surface. To determine the orientations of the projection images, the global consistency constraints of the relative orientations of all the projection images are satisfied by two spherical embeddings which estimate the normal vectors and the local X-axis vectors of the projection images respectively. Compared to the traditional methods, the proposed method is shown to be able to rectify the initial computation errors and produce a more accurate estimation of the projection angles, which results in a better final model reconstruction from the noisy image data.