bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental Health Interventions That Address Historical Trauma among Indigenous Peoples: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sevillano Lalaine , Wood Bethany , Franklin Cynthia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Indigenous Peoples (IP) face significant health disparities that stem from historical trauma (HT). This is the first systematic review to investigate mental health interventions that address HT in addition to treating mental health disorders among IP in the United States. The data search included seven databases for published studies, consultations with experts, hand searching journals, and reference list checking. Five studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. In total, 608 clients were examined. Findings suggested that treatments that addressed HT had a marginally beneficial effect on psychological and HT symptom outcomes. However, one study found that the intervention was not successful at maintaining these gains. Due to the limited number of studies, and the heterogeneity of research findings and the methodological limitations suffered by included studies, no definite conclusions about mental health interventions that address HT can be drawn. Recommendations for practice, such as using traditional healing practices for IP in mental health interventions, and recommendations for future research are provided.
Sulfur metabolism, organic acid accumulation and phytohormone regulation are crucial physiological processes modulating the different tolerance to Pb stress of two contrasting poplars
Authors: Shi Wenguang , Li Jing , Kan Donxu , Yu Wenjian , Chen Xin , Zhang Yuhong , Ma Chaofeng , Deng Shurong , Zhou Jing , Fayyaz Payam , Luo Zhi-Bin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
To investigate the pivotal physiological processes modulating lead (Pb) tolerance capacities of poplars, the saplings of two contrasting poplar species, Populus × canescens with high Pb sensitivity and Populus nigra with relatively low Pb sensitivity, were treated with either 0 or 8 mM Pb for 6 weeks. Lead was absorbed by the roots and accumulated massively in the roots and leaves, leading to overproduction of reactive oxygen species, reduced photosynthesis and biomass in both poplar species. Particularly, the tolerance index of P. × canescens was significantly lower than that of P. nigra. Moreover, the physiological responses including the concentrations of nutrient elements, thiols, organic acids, phytohormones and nonenzymatic antioxidants, and the activities of antioxidative enzymes in the roots and leaves were different between the two poplar species. Notably, the differences in concentrations of nutrient elements, organic acids and phytohormones were remarkable between the two poplar species. A further evaluation of the Pb tolerance-related physiological processes showed that the change of ‘sulfur (S) metabolism’ in the roots was greater, and that of ‘organic acid accumulation’ in the roots and ‘phytohormone regulation’ in the leaves were markedly smaller in P. × canescens than those in P. nigra. These results suggest that there are differences in Pb tolerance capacities between P. × canescens and P. nigra, which is probably associated with their contrasting physiological responses to Pb stress, and that S metabolism, organic acid accumulation and phytohormone regulation are probably the key physiological processes modulating the different Pb tolerance capacities between the two poplar species.
Fluid Handling Dynamics and Durability of Silver-Containing Gelling Fiber Dressings Tested in a Robotic Wound System
Authors: Orlov Aleksei , Lustig Adi , Grigatti Angela , Gefen Amit 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
To develop a robotic phantom system containing multiple simulated wound replicates to determine the synergy in fluid absorbency and retention (sorptivity) performances and the post-simulated-use mechanical durability of silver-containing gelling fiber primary dressings when used with a secondary dressing, as per clinical practice.

METHODS
Using a robotic system containing six identical wound simulators, the authors tested the sorptivity performances of the Exufiber Ag + (Mölnlycke Health Care, Gothenburg, Sweden) primary dressing (ExAg-polyvinyl alcohol [PVA]) against a market-leading comparator product, when used with a secondary foam dressing. The durability of the primary dressings after simulated use was further investigated through tensile mechanical testing.

RESULTS
The ExAg-PVA primary dressing delivered greater fluid amounts for absorbency and retention by the secondary foam dressing, approximately 2- and 1.5-fold more than the comparator dressing pair after 10 and 15 hours, respectively. The ExAg-PVA dressing was also substantially less sensitive to the direction of pulling forces and, accordingly, exhibited post-use mechanical strength that was approximately four and six times greater than that of the other primary dressing (when the latter dressing was tested out-of-alignment with its visible seams) after 10 and 15 hours, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
The dynamics of the sorptivity and fluid sharing between primary and secondary dressings and the effect of directional preference of strength of the primary dressings for adequate durability, resulting in safe post-use removals, have been described. The comparative quantification of these capabilities should help clinical and nonclinical decision-makers select dressings that best meet their patient needs.
A New Model for Intensive Care Unit Follow-up
Authors: Østergaard Kija 
Published: March 2022

Supplemental digital content is available in the text.The purpose of this paper is to investigate a new model for ICU follow-up co-designed by nurses from four different wards. This paper aims to compare the checklist aiding the ICU follow-ups with an alternative “attention-to” list. Nurses from four wards co-designed a new take on the ICU follow-up procedure. The study included users in designing the procedure and provided the users with the opportunity to influence the product that affects their clinical practices. We compare the “attention-to” list with the checklist and suggest a new model for follow-up after patients are transferred from an ICU to a general ward. The nurses who participated found that the traditional checklist approach creates more obstacles than it supports. The obstacles are due to the change in context as the follow-up plan is initiated in the ICU but is performed on the general ward. Therefore, the plan must accommodate both working environments. In conclusion, the new model for ICU follow-up is characterized by being goal-oriented and putting nursing expertise at its core. Furthermore, the new model can adapt to the change in context as it is initiated in the ICU setting and executed in a general ward.
Affirming Hormone Treatment for a Transgender Adolescent After a Venous Thromboembolic Event
Authors: Penney Scott W. , Jung Jenny H. , Ballantyne Aaron J. , Parekh Dina S. , Klein David A. , Viola Shelton A. 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Medical affirmation, including gender-affirming hormones, is an essential component in the treatment of many transgender and gender-diverse youth. The risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) during testosterone therapy for gender-affirming care is not fully elucidated.

Observation:
The case describes a 17-year-old transgender male treated with testosterone therapy who presented with an occlusive deep vein thrombosis of right axillary and subclavian veins. Testosterone level was 920 ng/dL at the time of the deep vein thrombosis, and he had no risk factors for VTE. A complete hypercoagulable workup was negative.

Conclusions:
The possibility of testosterone therapy as a risk factor for VTE may suggest the need to include this information during informed consent discussions. Long-term anticoagulation may be considered for those restarting testosterone therapy.
Measuring the Quality of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in the Emergency Department at a Quaternary Children's Hospital
Authors: Falco Lucas , Timmons Zebulon , Swing Ted , Luciano William , Bulloch Blake 
Published: March 2022

Aim of Study
The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) as it relates to American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines during cardiac arrests in a pediatric emergency department at a quaternary children's hospital.

Background and Objectives
High-quality CPR increases the likelihood of survival from pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. However, optimal performance of high-quality CPR during transition of care between prehospital and pediatric emergency department providers is challenging, and survival without comorbidities remains extremely low for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Methods
This was a retrospective study of data collected from a free-standing children's hospital emergency department and level 1 trauma center.

Results
There were 23 pediatric CPR events for subjects younger than 18 years in the emergency department during the time of the study. Median chest compression (CC) fraction was 85% overall with the AHA goal of 80%. Compliance with this recommendation was achieved in all age groups. The CC rate averaged 112 for the entire sample. Median depth was 2.06 cm in subjects younger than 1 year, 3.95 cm in subjects 1 year old to younger than 8 years, and 5.33 cm in subjects 8 years old to younger than 18 years. These compression depth rates fell below the AHA recommendations, with the exception of those 8 years and older.

Conclusions
In our study, CC fraction and CC rate were found to meet AHA targets for all age groups, whereas CC depth only met AHA targets for the 8- to 18-year-old group. The most difficult parameter was CC depth for the group of subjects younger than 1 year.
Improving Verbal Handoff for Patients Admitted From the Pediatric Emergency Department to Medical Inpatient Services
Authors: Gross Elise , Bunke Carissa , Schellpfeffer Natalie 
Published: March 2022

Objective
Transitions of care are a well-identified source of adverse events. At our academic tertiary children's hospital, no standardized verbal handoff is used in the emergency department with a lack of education provided to clinicians on handoff. We aimed to increase the percent of handoffs from the pediatric emergency department to inpatient medical services including 7 critical elements and increase clinician score of individual handoffs and overall clinician satisfaction with handoff key components.

Methods
Study occurred from Fall 2017 through Winter 2019. After collecting baseline data, a modified I-PASS tool was visually integrated into work areas. Tool education was performed by brief lecture, with iterative education occurring cyclically. Handoff assessment and clinician satisfaction surveys were then recollected. Outcome measures included clinician scores of individual handoffs and overall satisfaction with handoff. Process measure was percent handoffs including 7 critical elements. Balancing measure was handoff length in minutes.

Results
Clinician satisfaction scores improved from baseline (response rate, 38%) to postintervention (response rate, 30%) in efficiency (57%–69%), detail (57%–66%), and safety (55%–64%). Clinician scores of individual handoffs improved from 66% rating very good or excellent at baseline to 77% postintervention. Handoff time did not increase. Percent handoffs with all 7 critical elements did not show improvement.

Conclusions
Trainee-led implementation of handoff standardization increased clinician satisfaction and clinician score of individual handoffs without compromising handoff length. Although feasibility can be a challenge, trainee-led quality improvement is meaningful and should be promoted and valued in graduate medical education, despite limitations.
FDG PET/CT in Mixed Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis and Erdheim-Chester Disease
Authors: Ngo Victoria T. , Wassef Heidi R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The histiocytoses arise from hematopoietic bone marrow stem cells or monocytes. They range from limited to disseminated disease. We report a 31-year-old woman with multisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). The recognition that pericardial disease was rare in LCH prompted review of the initial limited biopsies, which helped establish a second diagnosis of Erdheim-Chester disease. The increasing recognition of mixed histiocytoses requires searching for Erdheim-Chester disease when a patient is diagnosed with LCH and vice versa. FDG PET/CT can help establish the diagnosis or suggest mixed disease based on the organs involved.
The extent to which geography explains one of trauma’s troubling trends: Insurance-based differences in appropriate interfacility transfer
Authors: Zogg Cheryl K. , Schuster Kevin M. , Maung Adrian A. , Davis Kimberly A. 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND
A growing body of literature suggests the persistence of a counterproductive triage pattern wherein uninsured adults with major injuries presenting to nontrauma centers (NTCs) are more likely than insured adults to be transferred. Geographic differences are frequently blamed. The objective of this study was to explore geography's influence on variations in insurance transfer patterns, asking whether differences in distance and travel time by road from NTCs to the nearest level 1 or 2 trauma center alter the effect. As a secondary objective, differences in neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage were also assessed.

METHODS
Adults (16–64 years) with major injuries (Injury Severity Score, >15) presenting to NTC emergency departments (EDs) were abstracted from 2007 to 2014 state inpatient/ED claims. Differences in the risk-adjusted odds of admission versus transfer were compared using mixed-effect hierarchical logistic regression and spatial analysis.

RESULTS
A total of 48,283 adults presenting to 492 NTC EDs were included. Among them, risk-adjusted admission differences based on insurance status exist (e.g., private vs. uninsured odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 1.60 [1.45–1.76]). Spatial analysis revealed significant geographic variation (p < 0.001). However, in contrast to expectations, the largest insurance-based discrepancies were seen in less disadvantaged NTCs located closer to larger trauma centers. Stratified analyses comparing the closest versus furthest distance, shortest versus longest travel time, and least versus most deprived populations agreed, as did sensitivity analyses restricting uninsured transfer patients to those who remained uninsured versus subsequently became insured.

CONCLUSION
Adults with major injuries presenting to NTCs were less likely to be transferred if insured. The trend persisted after accounting for differences in access to care, revealing that, while significant geographic variation in the phenomenon exists, geography alone does not explain the issue. Taken together, the findings suggest that additional and potentially subjective elements to insurance-based triage disparities at NTCs are likely to exist.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Prognostic/Epidemiological, Level III.
Characterizing physical trauma in children and youth with special health care needs
Authors: Lillvis Denise F. , Sheehan Karen M. , Yu Jihnhee , Noyes Katia , Bass Kathryn D. , Kuo Dennis Z. 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND
Children and youth with special health care needs (CYSHCN) have or are at an increased risk for a chronic condition necessitating medical and related services beyond what children usually require. While evidence suggests that CYSHCN are at an increased risk of injury, little is known about this population within the trauma system. This study describes CYSHCN within the pediatric trauma system and examines patterns of injury risk (i.e., intent, place of injury, trauma type, and mechanism of injury) based on special health care need (SHCN) status.

METHODS
For this cross-sectional study, we used data from the 2018 National Trauma Data Bank to identify pediatric encounters (1–18 years, N = 115,578) and compare demographics (sex, race/ethnicity, insurance status, and age) by CYSHCN status using χ2 and t tests. Children and youth with special health care needs encounters were compared with non-SHCN encounters using multinomial logistic regression models, controlling for demographics.

RESULTS
Overall, 16.7% pediatric encounters reported an SHCN. Children and youth with special health care needs encounters are older, and a higher proportion is publicly insured than non-SHCN encounters (p < 0.001). Furthermore, CYSHCN encounters have a higher risk of assault (relative risk, 1.331) and self-inflicted (relative risk, 4.208) injuries relative to unintentional injury (p < 0.001), as well as a higher relative risk of traumatic injury occurring in a private residence (p < 0.01) than other locations such as school (relative risk, 0.894). Younger CYSHCN encounters have a higher risk of assault relative to unintentional injury when compared with non-SHCN encounters (p < 0.01). Pediatric trauma encounters reporting mental health and alcohol/substance use disorder SHCN have a higher probability of self-inflicted and assault injuries than non-SHCN encounters (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that CYSHCN have different traumatic injury patterns than their non-SHCN peers, particularly in terms of intentional and private residence injury, and deserve a special focus for traumatic injury prevention.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Prognostic/epidemiologic, level III.
Developing a National Trauma Research Action Plan: Results from the Pediatric Research Gap Delphi Survey
Authors: Groner Jonathan I. , Phuong Jimmy , Price Michelle A. , Bixby Pamela J. , Ehrlich Peter F. , Burd Randall S. , Jensen Aaron R. , Rivara Frederick P. , Sribnick Eric A. , Bulger Eileen M. 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND
In 2016, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine trauma report recommended a National Trauma Research Action Plan to “strengthen trauma research and ensure that the resources available for this research are commensurate with the importance of injury and the potential for improvement in patient outcomes.” With a contract from the Department of Defense, the Coalition for National Trauma Research created 11 expert panels to address this recommendation, with the goal of developing a comprehensive research agenda, spanning the continuum of trauma and burn care. This report outlines the work of the group focused on pediatric trauma.

METHODS
Experts in pediatric trauma clinical care and research were recruited to identify gaps in current clinical pediatric trauma research, generate research questions, and establish the priority of these questions using a consensus-driven Delphi survey approach. Using successive surveys, participants were asked to rank the priority of each research question on a 9-point Likert scale categorized to represent priority. Consensus was defined as >60% agreement within the priority category. Priority questions were coded based on a dictionary of 118 National Trauma Research Action Plan taxonomy concepts in 9 categories to support comparative analysis across all panels.

RESULTS
Thirty-seven subject matter experts generated 625 questions. A total of 493 questions (79%) reached consensus on priority level. Of those reaching consensus, 159 (32%) were high, 325 (66%) were medium, and 9 (2%) were low priority. The highest priority research questions related to surgical interventions for traumatic brain injury (intracranial pressure monitoring and craniotomy); the second highest priority was hemorrhagic shock. The prehospital setting was the highest priority phase of care.

CONCLUSION
This diverse panel of experts determined that most significant pediatric trauma research gaps were in traumatic brain injury, hemorrhagic shock, and the prehospital phase of care. These research domains should be top priorities for funding agencies.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic / Care Management; Level IV.
Simultaneous Kidney and Parathyroid Transplantation in the Management of Genetic Hypoparathyroidism in a Child
Authors: Vallant Natalie , Sinha Manish D. , Cheung Moira , Ware Nick , Jones Helen , Buck Jackie , Boffa Catherine , Irving Melita , Carroll Paul V. , Hubbard Johnathan , Gökmen Refik , Rees Lesley , Gogalniceanu Petrut , Kessaris Nicos 
Published: March 2022

Background.
Genetically determined hypoparathyroidism can lead to life-threatening episodes of hypocalcemia and, more rarely, to end-stage kidney disease at a young age. Parathyroid allotransplantation is the only curative treatment, and in patients already receiving immunosuppression for kidney transplantation, there may be little additional risk involved. We report the first such case in a child.

Methods.
An 11-y-old girl, known to have hypoparathyroidism secondary to an activating pathogenic variant in the calcium-sensing receptor, developed end-stage kidney disease and was started on intermittent hemodialysis. Since the age of 2.5 y, she had been receiving treatment with exogenous synthetic parathyroid hormone (PTH). In June 2019, at the age of 11.8 y, she received a living-donor kidney and simultaneous parathyroid gland transplant from her father. The kidney was implanted into the right iliac fossa, followed by implantation of the parathyroid gland into the exposed rectus muscle.

Results.
The kidney graft showed immediate function while the intrinsic serum PTH level remained low at 3 ng/L. Exogenous PTH infusion was reduced on day 6 posttransplantation to stimulate PTH production by the new gland, which resulted in improving intrinsic PTH concentrations of 28 ng/L by day 9. Twelve months after transplantation, PTH levels remain in normal range and the kidney graft function is stable with a serum creatinine of 110 μmol/L.

Conclusions.
Simultaneous living donation and transplantation of a kidney and a parathyroid gland into a child is safe and feasible and has the potential to cure primary hypoparathyroidism as well as kidney failure.
Psychological Impact of Predictive Genetic Testing for Inherited Alzheimer Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia
Authors: Galluzzi Samantha , Mega Anna , Di Fede Giuseppe , Muscio Cristina , Fascendini Sara , Benussi Luisa , Tagliavini Fabrizio ,   The Italian-DIAfN Working Group, Frisoni Giovanni B. , Di Maria Emilio 
Published: March 2022

Aim:
Our aim was to evaluate the psychological impact of predictive genetic testing in individuals at-risk for inherited dementia who underwent a structured counseling and testing protocol.

Methods:
Participants were healthy at-risk relatives from families with at least one affected patient, in whom a disease-associated genetic variant had been ascertained. A comprehensive psychological assessment (personality, anxiety and depression, quality of life, coping strategies, resilience and health-related beliefs) was administered at baseline, at 6 months and 12 months follow-up.

Results:
Twenty-four participants from 13 families were included. Sixteen participants underwent blood sampling and genetic analysis; 6 resulted to be carriers of pathogenic variants (1 in PSEN1, 1 in PSEN2, 4 in GRN). Carriers showed higher score on the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA) – social competence, and on Multidimensional Health Locus of Control – internal, than noncarriers (P=0.03 for both). Ten at-risk relatives who completed the follow-up showed improvement in RSA – planned future (P=0.01) with respect to baseline.

Discussion:
Our case series showed that at-risk individuals undergoing predictive testing showed benefit on personal life and no detrimental impact on a broad range of psychological outcomes. Higher social skills and lower internal health locus of control in carriers may be an early psychological correlate of preclinical dementia.