bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence of the emergence of illicit benzodiazepines from online drug forums
Authors: Sarker Abeed , Al-Garadi Mohammed Ali , Ge Yao , Nataraj Nisha , McGlone Londell , Jones Christopher M , Sumner Steven A 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Illicit or ‘designer’ benzodiazepines are a growing contributor to overdose deaths. We employed natural language processing (NLP) to study benzodiazepine mentions over 10 years on 270 online drug forums (subreddits) on Reddit. Using NLP, we automatically detected mentions of illicit and prescription benzodiazepines, including their misspellings and non-standard names, grouping relative mentions by quarter. On a collection of 17 861 755 posts between 2012 and 2021, we searched for 26 benzodiazepines (8 prescription; 18 illicit), detecting 173 275 mentions. The rate of posts about both prescription and illicit benzodiazepines increased consistently with increases in deaths involving both drug classes, illustrating the utility of surveillance via Reddit.
Target-oriented least-squares reverse-time migration using Marchenko double-focusing: reducing the artefacts caused by overburden multiples
Authors: Shoja Aydin , van der Neut Joost , Wapenaar Kees 
Published: November 2022

SUMMARY
Geophysicists have widely used least-squares reverse-time migration (LSRTM) to obtain high-resolution images of the subsurface. However, LSRTM is computationally expensive and it can suffer from multiple reflections. Recently, a target-oriented approach to LSRTM has been proposed, which focuses the wavefield above the target of interest. Remarkably, this approach can be helpful for imaging below complex overburdens and subsalt domains. Moreover, this approach can significantly reduce the computational burden of the problem by limiting the computational domain to a smaller area. Nevertheless, target-oriented LSRTM still needs an accurate velocity model of the overburden to focus the wavefield accurately and predict internal multiple reflections correctly. A viable alternative to an accurate velocity model for internal multiple prediction is Marchenko redatuming. This method is a novel data-driven method that can predict Green’s functions at any arbitrary depth, including all orders of multiples. The only requirement for this method is a smooth background velocity model of the overburden. Moreover, with Marchenko double-focusing, one can make virtual sources and receivers at a boundary above the target and bypass the overburden. This paper proposes a new algorithm for target-oriented LSRTM, which fits the Marchenko double-focused data with predicted data. The predicted data of the proposed method is modelled by a virtual source term created by Marchenko double-focusing on a boundary above the target of interest. This virtual source term includes all the interactions between the target and the overburden. Moreover, the Marchenko double-focused data and the virtual source term are free of multiples generated in the overburden. Consequently, our target-oriented LSRTM algorithm suppresses the multiples purely generated inside the overburden. Our algorithm correctly accounts for all orders of multiples caused by the interactions between the target and the overburden, resulting in a significant reduction of the artefacts caused by the overburden internal multiple reflections and improves amplitude recovery in the target image compared to conventional LSRTM.
Adapting a cooking, food budgeting and nutrition intervention for a rural community of American Indians with type 2 diabetes in the North-Central United States
Authors: Brown Meagan C , Hawley Caitie , Ornelas India J , Huber Corrine , Best Lyle , Thorndike Anne N , Beresford Shirley , Howard Barbara V , Umans Jason G , Hager Arlette , Fretts Amanda M 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
American Indian (AI) communities experience persistent diabetes-related disparities, yet few nutrition interventions are designed for AI with type 2 diabetes or address socio-contextual barriers to healthy eating. We describe our process of adapting the evidence-based Cooking Matters® program for use by AI adults with type 2 diabetes in a rural and resource-limited setting in the North-Central United States. We conducted three focus groups with AI adults with diabetes to (i) identify Cooking Matters® adaptations and (ii) gather feedback on appropriateness of the adapted intervention using Barrera and Castro’s cultural adaptation framework. Transcripts were coded using an inductive, constant comparison approach. Queries of codes were reviewed to identify themes. Contextual considerations included limited access to grocery stores and transportation barriers, reliance on government food assistance and the intergenerational burden of diabetes. Adaptations to content and delivery included incorporating traditional and locally available foods; appealing to children or others in multigenerational households and prioritizing visual over written content. Our use of Barrera and Castro’s framework adds rigor and structure to the cultural adaptation process and increases the likelihood of future intervention success. Other researchers may benefit from using this framework to guide the adaptation of evidence-based interventions in AI communities.
Multiple Infection and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Superinfection Among Persons who Inject Drugs in Indonesia and Ukraine
Authors: Palumbo Philip J , Grant-McAuley Wendy , Grabowski Mary Kate , Zhang Yinfeng , Richardson Paul , Piwowar-Manning Estelle , Sharma Deeksha , Clarke William , Laeyendecker Oliver , Rose Scott , Ha Tran V , Dumchev Kostyantyn , Djoerban Zubairi , Redd Andrew , Hanscom Brett , Hoffman Irving , Miller William C , Eshleman Susan H 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
The HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 074 study evaluated an integrated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment and prevention strategy among persons who inject drugs (PWID) in Indonesia, Ukraine, and Vietnam. We previously detected multiple HIV infection in 3 of 7 (43%) of seroconverters with 3–8 HIV strains per person. In this report, we analyzed multiple HIV infection and HIV superinfection (SI) in the HPTN 074 cohort.

Methods
We analyzed samples from 70 participants in Indonesia and Ukraine who had viral load &gt;400 copies/mL at enrollment and the final study visit (median follow-up, 2.5 years). HIV was characterized with Sanger sequencing, next-generation sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. Additional methods were used to characterize a rare case of triple-variant SI.

Results
At enrollment, multiple infection was detected in only 3 of 58 (5.2%) participants with env sequence data. SI was detected in only 1 of 70 participants over 172.3 person-years of follow-up (SI incidence, 0.58/100 person-years [95% confidence interval, .015–3.2]). The SI case involved acquisition of 3 HIV strains with rapid selection of a strain with a single pol region cluster.

Conclusions
These data from a large cohort of PWID suggest that intrahost viral selection and other factors may lead to underestimation of the frequency of multiple HIV infection and SI events.
Geographic Distribution and Seasonality of Brown Dog Tick Lineages in the United States
Authors: Grant Amber N , Lineberry Megan W , Sundstrom Kellee D , Allen Kelly E , Little Susan E 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Two lineages of brown dog ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (s.l.), Latreille [Acari: Ixodidae]) have been described in North America: temperate and tropical. To characterize the distribution of these lineages across this region and evaluate seasonal activity, a 12S rRNA mitochondrial gene fragment was sequenced from R. sanguineus s.l. collected from hundreds of dogs and cats from different locations across 25 of the 50 states from 2018 to 2021. Infestations with temperate lineage predominated (78.5%) and were identified on pets from 20 states, with most (83.5%) from areas with annual mean daily average temperature &lt;20°C. Tropical lineage submissions were less common (19.3%), submitted from 15 states, and most (80.0%) tropical lineage ticks were from areas with an annual mean daily average temperature &gt;20°C. Although travel history was not obtained for all dogs, when tropical lineage infestations were found in colder regions, follow up conversations with veterinarians suggested some of these infestations may have resulted from recent travel of dogs. A limited number (2.2%) of dogs from Arizona and Texas were co-infested with both lineages. Both temperate and tropical lineage ticks were collected from pets in every month of the year. Temperate lineage infestations were primarily collected March through August while tropical lineage infestations were more often collected June through November. These data confirm at least two lineages of R. sanguineus s.l. are present in the United States, each predominating in distinct, overlapping geographies, and suggest that peak activity of each lineage occurs at different times of the year.
Optical spectroscopy of blazars for the Cherenkov Telescope Array – II
Authors: Kasai E , Goldoni P , Pita S , Williams D A , Max-Moerbeck W , Hervet O , Cotter G , Backes M , Boisson C , Becerra González J , Barres de Almeida U , D’Ammando F , Fallah Ramazani V , Lindfors E 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) make up about 35 per cent of the more than 250 sources detected in very high-energy (VHE) gamma rays to date with the imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Apart from four nearby radio galaxies and two AGNs of unknown type, all known VHE AGNs are blazars. Knowledge of the cosmological redshift of gamma-ray blazars is key to enabling the study of their intrinsic emission properties, as the interaction between gamma rays and the extragalactic background light (EBL) results in a spectral softening. Therefore, the redshift determination exercise is crucial to indirectly placing tight constraints on the EBL density, and to studying blazar population evolution across cosmic time. Due to the powerful relativistic jets in blazars, most of their host galaxies’ spectral features are outshined, and dedicated high signal-to-noise (S/N) spectroscopic observations are required. Deep medium- to high-resolution spectroscopy of 33 gamma-ray blazar optical counterparts was performed with the European Southern Observatory, New Technology Telescope, Keck II telescope, Shane 3-metre telescope, and the Southern African Large Telescope. From the sample, spectra from 25 objects display spectral features or are featureless and have high S/N. The other eight objects have low-quality featureless spectra. We systematically searched for absorption and emission features and estimated, when possible, the fractional host galaxy flux in the measured total flux. Our measurements yielded 14 firm spectroscopic redshifts, ranging from 0.0838 to 0.8125, one tentative redshift, and two lower limits: one at $z &gt; 0.382$ and the other at z &gt; 0.629.
Evidence for episodic and patchy mass ejection in the circumstellar envelope of AGB star R Leonis
Authors: Hoai D T , Nhung P T , Tan M N , Darriulat P , Diep P N , Ngoc N B , Thai T T , Tuan-Anh P 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
The morpho-kinematics of the circumstellar envelope of oxygen-rich AGB star R Leonis is probed using Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of the emission of molecular lines, including in particular CO(2–1) and 29SiO(5–4). Evidence is found for an episode of enhanced mass-loss, a few centuries ago, that produced a broad expanding shell of mean radius ∼6 arcsec and mean radial expansion velocity ∼5.5 km s−1. Detailed scrutiny of its structure, as displayed by the emission of the CO(2–1) line, reveals strong inhomogeneity and patchy morphology. Evidence is also found, in particular from the morpho-kinematics of the emission of SiO, SO, and SO2 lines probing the close neighbourhood of the star, for distinct gas outflows covering broad solid angles in the south-eastern, south-western, and north-western quadrants, suggesting significant contribution of the convective cell granulation in defining the pattern of mass ejection. A study of relative molecular abundances in these outflows suggests that a local thermal equilibrium description applies approximately beyond ∼10 stellar radii from the centre of the star but not at the smaller angular separations where the SO and SO2 molecules are found to be confined. Near the stellar disc, masers of the vibrationally excited SiO lines are found to probe north-western parts of a layer of hot gas, consistent with the earlier observation of an asymmetric expanding shell within 1–2 stellar radii from the centre of the star. Globally, a picture dominated by episodic and patchy mass ejections is found to prevail.
Magnetorotational supernovae: a nucleosynthetic analysis of sophisticated 3D models
Authors: Reichert M , Obergaulinger M , Aloy M Á , Gabler M , Arcones A , Thielemann F K 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Magnetorotational supernovae are a rare type of core-collapse supernovae where the magnetic field and rotation play a central role in the dynamics of the explosion. We present the post-processed nucleosynthesis of state-of-the-art neutrino-MHD supernova models that follow the post explosion evolution for few seconds. We find three different dynamical mechanisms to produce heavy r-process elements: (i) a prompt ejection of matter right after core bounce, (ii) neutron-rich matter that is ejected at late times due to a reconfiguration of the protoneutronstar shape, (iii) small amount of mass ejected with high entropies in the centre of the jet. We investigate total ejecta yields, including the ones of unstable nuclei such as 26Al, 44Ti, 56Ni, and 60Fe. The obtained 56Ni masses vary between $0.01\!-\!1\, \mathrm{M_\odot }$. The latter maximum is compatible with hypernova observations. Furthermore, all of our models synthesize Zn masses in agreement with observations of old metal-poor stars. We calculate simplified light curves to investigate whether our models can be candidates for superluminous supernovae. The peak luminosities obtained from taking into account only nuclear heating reach up to a few $\sim 10^{43} \, \mathrm{erg\, s^{-1}}$. Under certain conditions, we find a significant impact of the 66Ni decay chain that can raise the peak luminosity up to $\sim 38{{\ \rm per \, cent}}$ compared to models including only the 56Ni decay chain. This work reinforces the theoretical evidence on the critical role of magnetorotational supernovae to understand the occurrence of hypernovae, superluminous supernovae, and the synthesis of heavy elements.
Turbulence and anomalous resistivity inside near-Earth magnetic clouds
Authors: Bhattacharjee Debesh , Subramanian Prasad , Nieves-Chinchilla Teresa , Vourlidas Angelos 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We use in situ data from the Wind spacecraft (https://wind.nasa.gov/) to survey the amplitude of turbulent fluctuations in the proton density and total magnetic field inside a large sample of near-Earth magnetic clouds (MCs) associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from the Sun. We find that the most probable value of the modulation index for proton density fluctuations (δnp/np) inside MCs ranges from 0.13 to 0.16, while the most probable values for the modulation index of the total magnetic field fluctuations (δB/B) range from 0.04 to 0.05. We also find that the most probable value of the Mach number fluctuations (δM) inside MCs is ≈0.1. The anomalous resistivity inside the near-Earth MCs arising from electron scattering due to turbulent magnetic field fluctuations exceeds the (commonly used) Spitzer resistivity by a factor of ≈500–1000. The enhanced Joule heating arising from this anomalous resistivity could impact our understanding of the energetics of CME propagation.
Chaos in multiplanetary extrasolar systems
Authors: Gajdoš Pavol , Vaňko Martin 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Here, we present an initial look at the dynamics and stability of 178 multiplanetary systems that are already confirmed and listed in the NASA Exoplanet Archive. To distinguish between the chaotic and regular nature of a system, the value of the Mean Exponential Growth factor of Nearby Orbits (MEGNO) indicator for each system was determined. Almost three-quarters of them could be labelled as long-term stable. Only 45 studied systems show chaotic behaviour. We consequently investigated the effects of the number of planets and their parameters on the system stability. A comparison of results obtained using the MEGNO indicator and machine-learning algorithm SPOCK (Stability of Planetary Orbital Configuration Klassifier) suggests that the SPOCK could be used as an effective tool for reviewing the stability of multiplanetary systems. A similar study was already published by Laskar and Petit. We compared their analysis based on the AMD (Angular Momentum Deficit) criterion with our results. The possible discrepancies are discussed.
A high-mass X-ray binary pulsar 4U 1907+09 with multiple absorption-line features in the spectrum
Authors: Tobrej Mohammed , Rai Binay , Ghising Manoj , Tamang Ruchi , Paul Bikash Chandra 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We report X-ray observations of the high mass X-ray binary (HMXB) pulsar 4U 1907+09. Spectral and timing analysis of the source has been performed using Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) observation. Timing analysis of the photon events revealed the coherent X-ray pulsation of the source with a pulse period of 442.92 ± 0.03 s. It is observed that the source is spinning down at a rate of 0.1971(4) s yr−1. The pulse profile is characterized by a decaying amplitude of the secondary peak and relative growth in the amplitude of the primary peak with an increase in energy. The broad-band spectral coverage of NuSTAR has been used to observe multiple absorption features in the X-ray continuum of the source. We confirm the presence of two prominent cyclotron absorption features at ∼17 and ∼38 keV, respectively. In addition, we have detected an absorption-line feature at ∼8 keV, with an equivalent width of ∼1.3 keV. The variation of the spectral parameters with pulse phase has been observed using phase-resolved spectroscopy and the relevant variabilities of the parameters have been discussed with the underlying physical implications. The continuum evolution and variations in spectral parameters have also been studied by time-resolved spectroscopy.
Parametrizations of thermal bomb explosions for core-collapse supernovae and 56Ni production
Authors: Imasheva Liliya , Janka Hans-Thomas , Weiss Achim 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Thermal bombs are a widely used method to artificially trigger explosions of core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) to determine their nucleosynthesis or ejecta and remnant properties. Recently, their use in spherically symmetric (1D) hydrodynamic simulations led to the result that 56,57Ni and 44Ti are massively underproduced compared to observational estimates for Supernova 1987A, if the explosions are slow, i.e. if the explosion mechanism of CCSNe releases the explosion energy on long time-scales. It was concluded that rapid explosions are required to match observed abundances, i.e. the explosion mechanism must provide the CCSN energy nearly instantaneously on time-scales of some ten to order 100 ms. This result, if valid, would disfavour the neutrino-heating mechanism, which releases the CCSN energy on time-scales of seconds. Here, we demonstrate by 1D hydrodynamic simulations and nucleosynthetic post-processing that these conclusions are a consequence of disregarding the initial collapse of the stellar core in the thermal-bomb modelling before the bomb releases the explosion energy. We demonstrate that the anticorrelation of 56Ni yield and energy-injection time-scale vanishes when the initial collapse is included and that it can even be reversed, i.e. more 56Ni is made by slower explosions, when the collapse proceeds to small radii similar to those where neutrino heating takes place in CCSNe. We also show that the 56Ni production in thermal-bomb explosions is sensitive to the chosen mass cut and that a fixed mass layer or fixed volume for the energy deposition cause only secondary differences. Moreover, we propose a most appropriate setup for thermal bombs.
The Antibody Registry: ten years of registering antibodies
Authors: Bandrowski Anita , Pairish Mason , Eckmann Peter , Grethe Jeffrey , Martone Maryann E 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Antibodies are ubiquitous key biological research resources yet are tricky to use as they are prone to performance issues and represent a major source of variability across studies. Understanding what antibody was used in a published study is therefore necessary to repeat and/or interpret a given study. However, antibody reagents are still frequently not cited with sufficient detail to determine which antibody was used in experiments. The Antibody Registry is a public, open database that enables citation of antibodies by providing a persistent record for any antibody-based reagent used in a publication. The registry is the authority for antibody Research Resource Identifiers, or RRIDs, which are requested or required by hundreds of journals seeking to improve the citation of these key resources. The registry is the most comprehensive listing of persistently identified antibody reagents used in the scientific literature. Data contributors span individual authors who use antibodies to antibody companies, which provide their entire catalogs including discontinued items. Unlike many commercial antibody listing sites which tend to remove reagents no longer sold, registry records persist, providing an interface between a fast-moving commercial marketplace and the static scientific literature. The Antibody Registry (RRID:SCR_006397) https://antibodyregistry.org.
The effects of fasting diets on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Mokhtari Zeinab , Hosseini Elham , Hekmatdoost Azita , Haskey Natasha , Gibson Deanna L , Askari Gholamreza 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease in the world. There is no confirmed treatment for NAFLD as yet. Recently, fasting regimens and their relationship to NAFLD have drawn a great deal of attention in the literature. We review the current evidence that supports fasting diets as an adjunctive therapeutic strategy for patients with NAFLD and address potential action mechanisms. We reason that the fasting diets might be a promising approach for modulating hepatic steatosis, fibroblast growth factors 19 and 21 signaling, lipophagy, and the metabolic profile.
Adjuvant Abemaciclib Combined with Endocrine Therapy: Efficacy Results in monarchE Cohort 1
Authors: Toi Masakazu , Boyle Frances , Im Young-Hyuck , Reinisch Mattea , Molthrop David , Jiang Zefei , Wei Ran , Sapunar Francisco , Grimes Brenda R , Nabinger Sarah Cassidy , Johnston Stephen R D 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The monarchE Cohort 1 patient population was enrolled based on high-risk clinicopathological features that can easily be identified as part of routine clinical breast cancer evaluation. Efficacy data from Cohort 1 demonstrate substantial evidence of benefit for adjuvant abemaciclib+ET in patients with HR+, HER2− early breast cancer at high risk of recurrence (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03155997 [monarchE]).