bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CONTROL OF THE OPTICAL SURFACE PURITY OF THE ELEMENTS BY THE ELLIPSOMETRIC METHOD
Authors: Filin S. A. , Rogalin V. E. , Kaplunov I. A. 
Published: November 2022

The possibility of controlling the chemical purity of the surface of optical elements by the ellipsometric method has been analyzed. The rationale of the possibility of measuring the parameters of contaminating films on the optical surface of elements by the ellipsometric method has been given simplification has been
shown of the process of determining the thickness of the contaminating film while expanding the possibility of its measurement on an optical element made of different materials. Ellipsometric studies of freshly polished and used metal mirrors made of copper and copper alloy (zirconium bronze), aluminum and its alloys AMG-6, AL-9, AL-24 have been carried out. Research has also been conducted on elements made of K-8 and
K-108 (State Standard 3514-94) optical glasses, which are the most typical materials used for manufacture of optical parts for laser technique of visible and near IR-range, from single crystals of NaCl, BaF2 and sapphire (Al2O3). Parameters of contaminating films on the surface of these elements have been measured.
It has been concluded that it is advisable to use the ellipsometry method during the input (before carrying out physicochemical cleaning) and during the output (after cleaning) control of the optical element to assess the contamination of the optical surface and also for the quantitative analysis of the concentration of contaminants on the optical surface of the elements while working off the technology of their physicochemical cleaning.
EFFECT OF THE HEATING PROCEDURE AND ANNEALING TEMPERATURE ON THE
TRANSMISSION SPECTRA OF sp1-CARBON FILMS SYNTHESIZED BY THE ION-PLASMA METHOD
Authors: Kazakov V. A. , Kokshina A. V. , Razina A. G. , Vasiliev A. I. , Vasilyeva O. V. , Ksenofontov S. I. 
Published: November 2022

Using the method of spectrophotometry and scanning probe microscopy, the influence of the heating procedure and temperature of annealing in air on the transmission spectra and morphology of linear-chain carbon films synthesized by the ion-plasma method is herein studied. When the film is heated to a temperature 360–400°С with a rate of 5 °С/min and then annealed in air for 10 min, the effect of a significant increase
in the transmittance in the wavelength range 350–500 nm is found. It is shown that when holding at the indicated temperatures in a preheated oven for 10 min, the film transmittance does not change, but the film delamination from the substrate is observed. The discovered phenomena can be explained by the peculiarities of intercalation of oxygen atoms of air into the film.
MULTIELEMENT LASER’S PUMP CURRENT FRONT SHAPING METHOD
Authors: Smolina Е. V. 
Published: November 2022

It is shown that for reliable operation of laser diode matrices, it is important to ensure the maximum allowable, but not leading to their destruction, current input and output rate. Some of the solutions used in the design of laser diode drivers are listed in order to limit the increase in the rate of current input and output.
A method for controlling the rate of rise of the laser emitter current is proposed, the essence of which is to form the leading and trailing edges of the output current of the laser driver so that its first and, at least, the second derivative are continuous, in order to avoid triggering internal mechanisms that lead to degradation of the emitter structure.
SENSORY ANALYSIS AND QUALITY CONTROL OF LOW-PROTEIN PRODUCTS FOR SPECIALIZED PURPOSES
Authors: Morgunova E. M. , Shymanouskaya Y. A. 
Published: November 2022

Studies of quality indicators, nutritional value, vitamin-mineral and amino acid composition of new types of specialized food products: low-protein dry mixes for baking have been carried out. The main
organoleptic indicators of the developed low-protein foods are determined. The assessment of the quality of new types of food products according to organoleptic indicators was carried out at a meeting of the tasting commission, the results were graphically drawn using the method of profile analysis of flavor. The analysis of
physico-chemical studies has shown that all the developed specialized food products do not contain gluten, have a low protein content, a safe level of phenylalanine and can be recommended for dietary nutrition of patients with phenylketonuria, celiac disease and acute renal failure. In addition, low-protein mixtures contain a significant amount of minerals, such as potassium, phosphorus, sodium and magnesium.
UNIQUE PROPERTIES OF CELL WALL DEFICIENT MYCOBACTERIA TUBERCULOSIS ISOLATED FROM ULTRAPASTEURIZED
MILK
Authors: Lysenko A. P. , Kuchvalski M. V. , Pritychenko A. N. , Vysotsky A. E. , Yakobson E. I. , Krasnikova E. L. 
Published: November 2022

The DNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) was found in the milk of cows that did not reacted to tuberculin. After 10 hours of warming up at 98 °С cell wall deficiency (CWD) mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated from 50% of samples of such milk.
Strains of CWD MBT withstood 5 hour warming up at 98 °С.
The morphology of cells naturally changed during warming, their acid-fastness increased up to the appearance
of completely acid-fast cells. Sowing of warmed suspensions on a special nutrient medium in all cases gave growth of CWD MBT which did not differ from the initial strains, which confirms the unique thermal stability of MBT and indicates that even such extreme thermal exposure does not solve the problem of biosafety of milk.
SYNTHESIS OF ANTIBODY-ANTIBIOTIC CONJUGATES TO COMBAT BACTERIAL INFECTIONS
Authors: Yakubovsky S. M. , Nasonov I. V. , Knysh N. V. , Radyush I. S. 
Published: November 2022

Design of antibody-antibiotic conjugates with doxycycline immunocompetent to Escherichia coli is proposed.
The egg yolk immunoglobulins from hens immunized with Escherichia coli have been conjugated with the antibiotic
using the glutaraldehyde as the crosslinking reagent. The reaction of conjugation was followed spectrophotometrically
and revealed the formation of distinct absorption bands in ultraviolet regions. The kinetic analysis of forming the conjugates
by the Guggenheim method showed that the conjugation reaction obeyed the kinetics of the first-order reactions.
The velocity constant equaled 0,77 min-1. The half-conversion period of immunoglobulins during conjugation
with glutaraldehyde was about 1 min. The reaction was rapid in aqueous solution at room temperature. The molar ratio
of doxycycline : antibody in the conjugate was 2:1.
EFFECT OF CONCENTRATION OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS
AND HUMIC COMPOUNDS IN DILUENT COMPOSITION ON BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF BULL AND HUMAN SPERM
Authors: Zaitseva V. V. 
Published: November 2022

In the course of the experimental work, it was found that the concentration of phospholipids and an aqueous solution of activated potassium humic substances affects the viability of bovine and human sperm.
Phospholipids included in the composition of the diluent up to 10.0 and 20.0 mg, after 5 hours of incubation at a temperature of (37±1) °C, provide the survival rate of bull and human sperm at 34.4±0.86–35.5±0.86 % and 36.2±0.86–32.4±0.86 % germ cells, respectively.
Diluents containing 0.0025 % aqueous solution of activated potassium humate and 10.0 and 20.0 mg of phospholipids provide the highest survival rate relative to the baseline in bovine and human spermatozoa, respectively, up to 72.9–78.8% and 73. 4–76.2 %.
The vascular plant diversity of Burundi
Authors: Ntore Salvator , Theeten Franck , Nkengurutse Jacques , Ndayishimiye Joël , Sosef Marc S. M. 
Published: November 2022

Background and aims – The vascular plant diversity of Burundi is still insufficiently explored, described, and understood. The goal of this paper is to show the degree of botanical exploration and the spatial patterns of botanical diversity in Burundi to date.
Material and methods – The study is based on a dataset containing virtually all plant collections, observed in herbaria, recorded in databases, or cited in literature, made in Burundi. All data were compiled, cleaned, and each record georeferenced. Various distribution analyses were carried out,﻿ some of which were based on a grid of 199 hexagonal cells.
Key results – The dataset comprises 37,200 herbarium collections representing 3,860 species grouped in 1,290 genera and 216 families. The expected species richness is estimated at 4,869. The average number of collections per species is 8.8, but 1,149 species (27%) are sampled only once. The seven most species-rich families are Fabaceae (539 spp.), Poaceae (387), Asteraceae (298), Orchidaceae (286), Cyperaceae (272), Rubiaceae (227), and Acanthaceae (128), which together account for over 50% of the vascular plant flora of Burundi. The seven largest genera are Cyperus (90 spp.), Crotalaria (60), Indigofera (50), Polystachya (48), Habenaria (47), Vernonia (45), and Eragrostis (41). In terms of number of herbarium collections, the six most important families are Poaceae (4,754 collections), Fabaceae (4,300), Asteraceae (2,226), Rubiaceae (2,191), Cyperaceae (1,730), and Lamiaceae (1,275). The four areas most intensively explored and with the highest known species diversity are the Rusizi plain, the Kibira rain forest belonging to the Albertine Rift, the Bururi and Rumonge areas in the west, and the Mosso depression in the east.
Conclusion – With a collecting index of 133 collections per 100 km2, the botanical exploration of Burundi can be considered as relatively good. However, 28% of the species are only represented by a single record and some 1,000 species are potentially present but have remained uncollected to date. For every 100 new collections, there are on average 6 new species records, indicating that Burundi’s inventory is still not complete.
Después de la guerra
Authors: Yariv Danielle , Curtis Cynthia 
Published: November 2022

La finalización de la guerra fría presenta una oportunidad especial para reformular la política externa de Estados Unidos, así como los programas de ayuda exterior, para hacer frente a las necesidades de un mundo en proceso de cambio. Hasta la fecha, el gobierno de Estados Unidos ha hecho poco más que afinar algo las políticas y los programas diseñados para un clima bipolar. El siguiente estudio de la ayuda actual del gobierno estadounidense a El Salvador ofrece algunas alternativas. En especial, ilumina la manera cómo esos programas de ayuda pueden promover o entorpecer el proceso de reconstrucción y reconciliación en aquellos países que fueron campos de batalla de la guerra fría.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 48, No. 531-532, 1993: 61-74.
JATO DE PLASMA FOTOMODULADO NA HARMONIZAÇÃO OROFACIAL
Authors: Lizarelli Rosane de Fátima Zanirato , Costa Sandra 
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Apresentar o emprego do “peeling” físico com jato de plasma fotomodulado, através de um protocolo completo global sugerido, em detalhes, e com um equipamento recém-lançado no mercado nacional brasileiro, como mais um procedimento bem-sucedido para a harmonização orofacial, com base nos mecanismos de ação dessas tecnologias e indicações para o tratamento estético e funcional. Caso clínico: Sete casos clínicos, com seus aspectos iniciais e pós-operatórios, representando as principais queixas dos pacientes que buscam o rejuvenescimento orofacial, são apresentados, seguindo os passos sugeridos e adaptados para cada caso descrito. Discussão: O estado da arte do jato de plasma fotomodulado para os procedimentos da HOF é discutido e confirma sua eficiência como instrumento inovador e de fácil manuseio clínico. Conclusão: Usar o jato de plasma fotomodulado na HOF é uma opção bastante eficiente diante das exigências da busca de bem-estar e saúde orofacial, por isso recomendamos fortemente a sua utilização.
Evaluasi Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Terhadap Pengendalian Penerimaan Kas Pada BTPN KCP Probolinggo
Authors: Amani Tatik - , ‘Asyiiroh Vindy Abdatul , Elly Mohammad Iskak 
Published: November 2022

Abstrak :

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengendalian internal sistem informasi akuntansi penerimaan kas pada BTPN KCP Probolinggo. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknis pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, observasi dan studi dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BTPN KCP Probolinggo dalam memberikan prosedur atas penerimaa kas sangat mudah, aman, dan cepat dalam hal penanganan. Persyaratan yang harus dipenuhi oleh nasabah tidak rumit. Pengendalian internal sistem informasi akuntansi penerimaan kas pada BTPN KCP Probolinggo telah sesuai dengan lima komponen yang terdapat dalam sistem pengendalian internal penerimaan kas yaitu lingkungan pengendalian, aktivitas pengendalian, penilaian resiko, kualitas informasi dan pengawasan. Namun terdapat beberapa hal yang harus lebih ditingkatkan lagi terkait kualitas informasi dan komunikasi kepada nasabah terutama para pensiunan pegawai yang memerlukan perhatian lebih karena faktor usia.

Kata Kunci : SIA, pengendalian, penerimaan kas

Abstract :

This study aims to evaluate the internal control of the cash receipts accounting information system at BTPN KCP Probolinggo. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method with technical data collection in the form of interviews, observations and document studies. The results showed that BTPN KCP Probolinggo in providing procedures for cash receipts was very easy, safe, and fast in terms of handling. The requirements that must be met by customers are not complicated. The internal control of the cash receipts accounting information system at BTPN KCP Probolinggo is in accordance with the five components contained in the cash receipts internal control system, namely the control environment, control activities, risk assessment, information quality and supervision. However, there are several things that must be further improved regarding the quality of information and communication to customers, especially retired employees who need more attention due to the age factor. Keywords: AIS, control, cash receipts
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER (NHT) MASA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Lalu Muhammad Alwi  
Published: November 2022

Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar merupakan sebuah konsep kegiatan pembelajaran yang membantu guru dalam melaksanakan kegiatan pembelajaran belajar mengajar pada materi Kehidupan Masyarakat Indonesia pada Masa Praaksara, Hindu-Buddha, dan Islam dengan berusaha memakasimalkan peran aktif siswa terutama interaksi siswa dengan kelompoknya. Dengan menerapkan model Model Numbered Heads Together (NHT), hasil pembelajaran diharapkan lebih bermakna bagi siswa. Proses pembelajaran berlangsung dengan kegiatan berkelompok tentang materi yang dibahas pada saat itu. Kualitas pembelajaran sangat penting untuk meningkatkan Hasil belajar siswa.Tujuan dari penelitian tindakan kelas ( PTK ) ini adalah Ingin mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar Model Numbered Heads Together (NHT) pada siswa kelas VII.6 SMPN 1 Pringgasela melalui model Model Numbered Heads Together (NHT). Dalam penelitian tindakan kelas ( PTK ) ini dilakukan dalam 2 siklus, dari hasil tindakan yang dilakukan terbukti dapat meningkatkan ketuntasan belajar siswa secara klasikal yaitu pada siklus I sebesar 70%, dapat meningkat menjadi 85 % pada siklus II. Hasil penelitian tindakan kelas ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan menerapkan model Model Numbered Heads Together (NHT) dapat meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran dan ketuntasan belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS dengan ketuntasan mencapai 85% pada Siklus II
Sobre jogos: historicidade e importância do ensino lúdico-didático para educação infantil
Authors: Simão de Freitas Edivaldo , Isidio de Almeida Junior Isaias 
Published: November 2022

O presente artigo trata-se de uma pesquisa elementar teórico-bibliográfica, cujo principal objetivo é apresentar um artigo histórico-descritivo que trate do caráter lúdico-didático dos jogos. E na ordem e nos âmbitos discursivos reflexivos frisaremos os elementos que embasam os jogos lúdicos como ferramentas didáticas para o ensino infantil. A metodologia utilizada por nós neste artigo será tão somente de base bibliográfica, teórica e reflexiva. Nos limitaremos ao conceito de jogos como cultura, como ferramenta lúdico-didática, e como atividade que está intrinsecamente ligada ao aspecto competitivo no ser humano a fim de aprendizado coletivo e sociocultural. Nosso referencial teórico basilar inicia-se em J. Huizinga (2001), e a partir dele faremos conexões dialéticas com outros teóricos, a saber: Neto (2004), Sousa (2015), Kuhlmann Júnior (2000), Lima (2011) etc.
Les mandalas du shintô et leur genèse
Authors: Régnier Pierre 
Published: November 2022

Le Japon, l’un des pays du bouddhisme, a développé, à partir des mandalas du bouddhisme ésotérique, des formes particulières de mandalas très éloignées des mandalas tels qu’on se les représente habituellement : les mandalas du shintô. Historiquement, dès l’introduction du bouddhisme au Japon (vers le vie siècle), le shintô, souvent décrit comme une forme d’animisme autochtone, a toujours entretenu des liens très étroits avec le bouddhisme. Assez rapidement, est apparue une tendance syncrétique qui a mené aux théories dites honji suijaku selon lesquelles les divinités du shintô (kami) n’étaient autres que des sortes d’avatars de bouddhas et bodhisattvas, des théories qui ont largement contribué à l’apparition de mandalas liés aux sanctuaires shintô et à leurs kamis. Ces mandalas se sont progressivement émancipés des théories bouddhiques et des traditions graphiques des mandalas de l’ésotérisme bouddhique. En outre, ils différaient des mandalas « orthodoxes » non seulement dans leur forme, mais aussi dans leur destination : bien qu’étant toujours des objets éminemment religieux, ils n’étaient plus des objets de méditation. Notre objectif est d’une part de présenter ces mandalas du shintô peu connus hors du Japon (dont les études en langues occidentales sont particulièrement rares et qui, à notre connaissance, n’ont encore fait l’objet d’aucune publication en français), mais aussi de montrer que, malgré les apparences – et les réticences de certains spécialistes –, ils méritent tout à fait leur appellation de mandala en tant qu’héritiers directs des mandalas les plus traditionnels de l’ésotérisme bouddhique.
Le mouvement circulaire, du rite au ballet
Authors: Thuries Aude 
Published: November 2022

Un parcours spatial est couramment emprunté dans différentes formes de danse : le mouvement circulaire – de la circumambulation de certaines danses rituelles au « manège » de la danse classique occidentale, en passant par les rondes des danses traditionnelles. Le mouvement circulaire est un motif qui, par sa récurrence même, témoigne d’une filiation entre forme rituelle et forme artistique et spectaculaire qu’il sera intéressant d’explorer en premier lieu. Cette analyse du mouvement circulaire dans la spécificité de ses contextes et de ses déploiements chorégraphiques nous permettra ensuite de passer en revue les différentes fonctions – magiques, symboliques ou plastiques – qui lui sont assignées ; et d’ainsi réfléchir, à partir de cette observation des mutations d’un motif dansé, sur le processus, à l’œuvre dans la danse, d’évolution conjointe des formes gestuelles et de leurs charges signifiantes.
Mise en avant de diverses subjectivités et sexualités sur Instagram. Le cyber-artivisme de Stephanie Sarley et d’Arvida Byström
Authors: François Amélie 
Published: November 2022

Dans sa série photographique et vidéographique Fruit Art, débutée en 2015, la jeune artiste américaine Stephanie Sarley (née en 1988) met en scène l’automasturbation de manière ambiguë, en utilisant fruits et légumes en analogie avec les sexes. Bien qu’initialement vouée à représenter une autosexualité féminine, sa pratique brouille les frontières préétablies entre les genres de manière fréquente et met en avant des pratiques sexuelles variées. Arvida Byström (1991), artiste suédoise, queer, pansexuelle et adepte du polyamour, met également en scène des analogies fruitières et des portraits et autoportraits dans un univers visuel que l’on pourrait qualifier de girly, provoquant à nouveau une interrogation sur les genres. Elle réactualise les pratiques performatives par le live streaming et par l’usage de la pédagogie, dans la lignée du courant post-porn. À travers ces deux études de cas, cet article questionnera les liens entre communautés lgbtqi, pratiques bdsm, féminisme pro-sexe, métapornographie et cyber-activisme. J’y aborderai plus précisément les questions suivantes : les imageries développées par ces artistes, notamment les ouvertures vers des pratiques marginalisées et le brouillage systématique des genres qu’elles proposent, peuvent-elles servir la cause lgbtqi ? Concernant les méthodes de diffusion choisies, quelle importance revêtent des plateformes telles qu’Instagram dans leur artivisme et comment composer avec les limites qu’elles imposent à travers la censure ? Je questionnerai également l’importance de la rhétorique, qui semble primordiale dans le cadre d’un cyber-activisme par les images sur des plateformes extrêmement populaires. Ces problématiques seront abordées par le biais d’une analyse des imageries, des réactions qu’elles suscitent et des discours tenus par ces artistes.
Assessing the Compatibility of Vehicle Electrification With the EU’s Circular Economy Objective
Authors: Danthinne Audrey , Picard Michael 
Published: November 2022

The electrification of vehicles and the transition to a circular economy (CE) are important aspects of the EU’s strategy to become climate neutral by 2050. However, the compatibility between these two objectives is questionable. Indeed, the lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) used in most electric vehicles (EVs) are currently difficult to recycle due to economic and practical challenges. This recycling problem increases the risk that end-of-life LIBs end up in landfills. If so, the CE would be severely punctured. Our study analyses how this potential inconsistency is addressed at the EU level by focusing on three EU legal instruments, i. e., the current and proposed regulatory framework for batteries and waste batteries, the End-of-Life Vehicles (ELV) Directive and the new Taxonomy Regulation. It observes that while the EU stands out in imposing sustainability requirements on the battery and vehicle industries, several shortcomings remain, such as the lack of specific legal provisions for LIBs, inappropriate targets and weak extended producer responsibility (EPR), which undermine the credibility of vehicle electrification as a climate change mitigation strategy in the EU.
Vehicle Electrification, Circular Economy, Lithium-ion Batteries, Recycling, European Union, Zero-emission, Waste Batteries, Electric Vehicles, Climate Change Mitigation, Sustainability