bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Discontinuous and Unpredictable Environmental Change on Management Accounting During Organizational Crisis: A Field Study*
Authors: Hayne Christie 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTThis study investigates whether and how organizations change their use of management accounting during crisis. The study is important because organizations regularly face significant challenges such as crisis during which the role of management accounting is not well understood. Based on interviews and observation in five private sector organizations and one in the public sector, I find that executives in organizations facing crisis due to a discontinuous and unpredictable environmental change leverage management accounting during the crisis. In contrast, executives in organizations facing crisis due to a continuous and predictable environmental change question the truth and value of their management accounting practices and, as a result, do not change their use of management accounting to manage the crisis. For those organizations that do leverage management accounting, I rely on conceptual and empirical insights from the literature examining the decision‐facilitating role of informal management accounting to examine how they adapt or develop new management accounting tools and practices to manage crisis. I find that executives first engage in a comprehensive review of their management accounting systems and reports to convince themselves that they can be relied on. Following this process, they leverage accounting to understand the past, develop metrics intended to reach all employees, and institute various forms of accountability to support the management of crisis. The use of these informal management accounting tools and practices enables organizations to develop a new language for understanding and managing crisis. The primary contribution of my study is that it conceptualizes and theorizes informal management accounting tools and practices as a mechanism that facilitates response to crisis. These tools and practices are low‐cost and easy to implement, which are favorable given the challenges associated with crisis.
Racial and ethnic differences in low‐value pediatric emergency care
Authors: Li Joyce , Ramgopal Sriram , Marin Jennifer R. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundDisparities in health care quality frequently focus on underuse. We evaluated racial/ethnic differences in low‐value services delivered in the pediatric emergency department (ED).MethodsWe performed a retrospective cross‐sectional study of low‐value services in children discharged from 39 pediatric EDs from January 2018 to December 2019 using the Pediatric Hospital Information System. Our primary outcome was receipt of one of 12 low‐value services across nine conditions, including chest radiography in asthma and bronchiolitis; beta‐agonist and corticosteroids in bronchiolitis; laboratory testing and neuroimaging in febrile seizure; neuroimaging in afebrile seizure; head injury and headache; and any imaging in sinusitis, constipation, and facial trauma. We analyzed the association of race/ethnicity on receipt of low‐value services using generalized linear mixed models adjusted for age, sex, weekend, hour of presentation, payment, year, household income, and distance from hospital.ResultsWe included 4,676,802 patients. Compared with non‐Hispanic White (NHW) patients, non‐Hispanic Black (NHB) and Hispanic patients had lower adjusted odds (aOR [95% confidence interval]) of receiving imaging for asthma (0.60 [0.56 to 0.63] NHB; 0.84 [0.79 to 0.89] Hispanic), bronchiolitis (0.84 [0.79 to 0.89] NHB; 0.93 [0.88 to 0.99] Hispanic), head injury (0.84 [0.80 to 0.88] NHB; 0.80 [0.76 to 0.84] Hispanic), headache (0.67 [0.63 to 0.72] NHB; 0.83 [0.78 to 0.88] Hispanic), and constipation (0.71 [0.67 to 0.74] NHB; 0.76 [0.72 to 0.80] Hispanic). NHB patients had lower odds (95% CI) of receiving imaging for afebrile seizures (0.89 [0.8 to 1.0]) and facial trauma (0.69 [0.60 to 0.80]). Hispanic patients had lower odds (95% CI) of imaging (0.57 [0.36 to 0.90]) and blood testing (0.82 [0.69 to 0.98]) for febrile seizures. NHB patients had higher odds (95% CI) of receiving steroids (1.11 [1.00 to 1.21]) and beta‐agonists (1.38 [1.24 to 1.54]) for bronchiolitis compared with NHW patients.ConclusionsNHW patients more frequently receive low‐value imaging while NHB patients more frequently receive low‐value medications for bronchiolitis. Our study demonstrates the differences in care across race and ethnicity extend to many services, including those of low value. These findings highlight the importance of greater understanding of the complex interaction of race and ethnicity with clinical practice.
Management and implications of severe COVID‐19 in pregnancy in the UK: data from the UK Obstetric Surveillance System national cohort
Authors: Vousden Nicola , Ramakrishnan Rema , Bunch Kathryn , Morris Edward , Simpson Nigel , Gale Christopher , O’Brien Pat , Quigley Maria , Brocklehurst Peter , Kurinczuk Jennifer J. , Knight Marian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionThere is a lack of population level data on risk factors and impact of severe COVID‐19 in pregnancy. The aims of this study were to determine the characteristics, and maternal and perinatal outcomes associated with severe COVID‐19 in pregnancy compared with those with mild and moderate COVID‐19 and to explore the impact of timing of birth.Material and methodsThis was a secondary analysis of a national, prospective cohort study. All pregnant women admitted to hospital in the UK with symptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 from March 1, 2020 to October 31, 2021 were included. The severity of maternal infection (need for high flow or invasive ventilation, intensive care admission or died), pregnancy and perinatal outcomes, and the impact of timing of birth were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression.ResultsOf 4436 pregnant women, 13.9% (n = 616) had severe infection. Women with severe infection were more likely to be aged ≥30 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] aged 30–39 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.20–1.83), be overweight or obese (aOR 1.73, 95% CI 1.34–2.25 and aOR 2.52 95% CI 1.97–3.23, respectively), be of mixed ethnicity (aOR 1.93, 95% CI 1.17–3.21) or have gestational diabetes (aOR 1.43, 95% CI 1.09–1.87) compared with those with mild or moderate infection. Women with severe infection were more likely to have a pre‐labor cesarean birth (aOR 8.84, 95% CI 6.61–11.83), a very or extreme preterm birth (28–31+ weeks’ gestation, aOR 18.97, 95% CI 7.78–14.85; <28 weeks’ gestation, aOR 12.35, 95% CI 6.34–24.05) and their babies were more likely to be stillborn (aOR 2.51, 95% CI 1.35–4.66) or admitted to a neonatal unit (aOR 11.61, 95% CI 9.28–14.52). Of 112 women with severe infection who were discharged and gave birth at a later admission, the majority gave birth ≥36 weeks (85.7%), noting that three women in this group (2.7%) had a stillbirth.ConclusionsSevere COVID‐19 in pregnancy increases the risk of adverse outcomes. Information to promote uptake of vaccination should specifically target those at greatest risk of severe outcomes. Decisions about timing of birth should be informed by multidisciplinary team discussion; however, our data suggest that women with severe infection who do not require early delivery have mostly good outcomes but that those with severe infection at term may warrant rapid delivery.
Sleep problems reduced from 6 to 24 months of age with no evidence of links between disturbed sleep and later developmental problems
Authors: Valla Lisbeth , Wentzel‐Larsen Tore , Slinning Kari 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimSleep is essential for infant development. We assessed the prevalence of sleep problems in infants at 6, 12 and 24 months, investigated the relationship between infants’ sleep problems and development, and determined to what extent sleep problems at 6 months were related to changes in the developmental course.MethodsInfant sleep problems were measured by a parent‐reported sleep questionnaire. The Ages and Stages Questionnaires were used to measure developmental skills in a sample of 1555 infants recruited from 9 well‐baby clinics in Norway. ASQ scores were compared between infants with and without sleep problems by using two‐sample t‐tests. The relationship between infant sleep problems at 6 months and changes in Ages and Stages Questionnaires scores over time was investigated using linear mixed‐effects models.ResultsThe prevalence of infant sleep problems were 14.6% at 6 months, 7.4% at 12 months and 3.3% at 24 months. There was no clear evidence of differences in ASQ or ASQ:SE scores by sleep problems from 6 to 24 months, but communication and problem‐solving scores for infants with sleep problems increased faster.ConclusionPrevalence of sleep problems decreased with age. There was no clear evidence of early sleep disturbance and later development problems.
Ribosome accumulation during early phase resistance training in humans
Authors: Hammarström Daniel , Øfsteng Sjur J. , Jacobsen Nicolai B. , Flobergseter Krister B. , Rønnestad Bent R. , Ellefsen Stian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimTo describe ribosome biogenesis during resistance training, its relation to training volume and muscle growth.MethodsA training group (n = 11) performed 12 sessions (3‐4 sessions per week) of unilateral knee extension with constant and variable volume (6 and 3‐9 sets per session respectively) allocated to either leg. Ribosome abundance and biogenesis markers were assessed from vastus lateralis biopsies obtained at baseline, 48 hours after sessions 1, 4, 5, 8, 9 and 12, and after eight days of de‐training, and from a control group (n = 8). Muscle thickness was measured before and after the intervention.ResultsTraining led to muscle growth (3.9% over baseline values, 95% CrI: [0.2, 7.5] vs. control) with concomitant increases in total RNA, ribosomal RNA, upstream binding factor (UBF) and ribosomal protein S6 with no differences between volume conditions. Total RNA increased rapidly in response to the first four sessions (8.6% [5.6, 11.7] per session), followed by a plateau and peak values after session 8 (49.5% [34.5, 66.5] above baseline). Total RNA abundance was associated with UBF protein levels (5.0% [0.2, 10.2] per unit UBF), and the rate of increase in total RNA levels predicted hypertrophy (0.3 mm [0.1, 0.4] per %‐point increase in total RNA per session). After de‐training, total RNA decreased (−19.3% [−29.0, −8.1]) without muscle mass changes indicating halted biosynthesis of ribosomes.ConclusionRibosomes accumulate in the initial phase of resistance training with abundances sensitive to training cessation and associated with UBF protein levels. The average accumulation rate predicts muscle training‐induced hypertrophy.
Comparative safety and efficacy of paracetamol versus non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory agents in neonates with patent ductus arteriosus: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Katsaras Dimitrios N. , Katsaras Georgios N. , Chatziravdeli Vasiliki I. , Papavasileiou Garyfalia N. , Touloupaki Maria , Mitsiakos Georgios , Doxani Chrysoula , Stefanidis Ioannis , Dardiotis Efthimios 
Published: February 2022

AimIbuprofen and indomethacin are the preferred drug treatment for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm neonates. The comparative safety and efficacy of paracetamol as an alternative has not yet been well established. The aim of our study was to define the comparative efficacy and safety of paracetamol versus ibuprofen and indomethacin for PDA.MethodsWe performed a systematic literature search in PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane databases on randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy and/or the safety of paracetamol versus ibuprofen and/or indomethacin and meta‐analysed the available data.ResultsThere were 1718 neonates from 20 eligible studies. Paracetamol did not differ from ibuprofen or indomethacin regarding the primary (odds ratio [OR]: 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.69–1.26,P‐value: 0.650, when compared to ibuprofen, and OR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.20–3.02,P‐value: 0.716, when compared to indomethacin) and overall (OR: 1.17; 95% CI: 0.82–1.66,P‐value: 0.394, when compared to ibuprofen, and OR: 1.12; 95% CI: 0.58–2.15,P‐value: 0.733, when compared to indomethacin) PDA closure rates. Paracetamol resulted in significantly reduced risk of oliguria and a tendency towards less gastrointestinal bleeding.ConclusionThere was no significant difference between paracetamol and ibuprofen or indomethacin in the PDA closure rates. However, paracetamol caused fewer adverse effects.
Use of advanced neuroimaging and artificial intelligence in meningiomas
Authors: Galldiks Norbert , Angenstein Frank , Werner Jan‐Michael , Bauer Elena K. , Gutsche Robin , Fink Gereon R. , Langen Karl‐Josef , Lohmann Philipp 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAnatomical cross‐sectional imaging methods such as contrast‐enhanced MRI and CT are the standard for the delineation, treatment planning, and follow‐up of patients with meningioma. Besides, advanced neuroimaging is increasingly used to non‐invasively provide detailed insights into the molecular and metabolic features of meningiomas. These techniques are usually based on MRI, e.g., perfusion‐weighted imaging, diffusion‐weighted imaging, MR spectroscopy, and positron emission tomography. Furthermore, artificial intelligence methods such as radiomics offer the potential to extract quantitative imaging features from routinely acquired anatomical MRI and CT scans and advanced imaging techniques. This allows the linking of imaging phenotypes to meningioma characteristics, e.g., the molecular‐genetic profile. Here, we review several diagnostic applications and future directions of these advanced neuroimaging techniques, including radiomics in preclinical models and patients with meningioma.
Aire ouverte Laval : Défis et premières leçons d’une histoire de cocréation en santé mentale jeunesse
Authors: Bentayeb Naïma , Weiss Benjamin , Ziani Melissa , Goyette Martin 
Published: February 2022

SommaireCet article vise à mettre en lumière les leviers et les obstacles à la cocréation rencontrés au tout début de la mise en œuvre d’un projet de démonstration en santé mentale jeunesse au Québec, dans un contexte où les réseaux de services intégrés jeunesse sont en plein essor. À l’aide d’une méthodologie qualitative, nous décrivons le rôle des différentes parties prenantes impliquées (partenaires communautaires, intervenants, jeunes), de manière à faire ressortir les enjeux de cocréation auxquels les acteurs ont été confrontés entre les phases de conception et de mise en œuvre. Nous faisons état d’une évaluation formative et développementale, toujours en cours. En ce sens, cet article tente de clarifier des apprentissages sur le processus de cocréation de l’action publique.
Microbiota of the first‐pass meconium and subsequent atopic and allergic disorders in children
Authors: Kielenniva Katja , Ainonen Sofia , Vänni Petri , Paalanne Niko , Renko Marjo , Salo Jarmo , Tejesvi Mysore V. , Pokka Tytti , Pirttilä Anna Maria , Tapiainen Terhi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundSome cohort studies have suggested that gut microbiota composition is associated with allergic diseases in children. The microbiota of the first‐pass meconium, which forms before birth, represents the first gut microbiota that is easily available for research and little is known about any relationship with allergic disease development.ObjectiveWe investigated whether the bacterial composition of the first‐pass meconium is associated with the development of allergic diseases before 4 years of age.MethodsProspective birth cohort study. Bacterial composition of first‐pass meconium was analysed using bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Atopic and allergic diseases were evaluated via online survey or telephone to age 4 years, based on the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire.ResultsDuring a 6‐week period in 2014, 312 children were born at the Central Finland Central Hospital. Meconium was collected from 212 at a mean of 8‐hour age. Outcome data at 4 years were available for 177 (83%) children, and 159 of these had sufficient amplification of bacterial DNA in meconium. Meconium microbiota composition, including diversity indices and relative abundances of the main phyla and genera, was not associated with subsequent atopic eczema, wheezing or cow's milk allergy. Principal components analysis did not identify any clustering of the meconium microbiomes of children with respect to wheezing or cow's milk allergy.ConclusionsWe found no evidence that gut microbiota composition of first‐pass meconium is associated with atopic manifestations to age 4 years. However, larger studies are needed to fully exclude a relationship.
Characterization of rapid weight gain phenotype in children with narcolepsy
Authors: Zhang Min , Thieux Marine , Inocente Clara Odilia , Vieux Noemie , Arvis Laura , Villanueva Carine , Lin Jian‐Sheng , Plancoulaine Sabine , Guyon Aurore , Franco Patricia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo characterize the rapid weight gain (RWG) phenotype associated with the onset of childhood narcolepsy and to determine whether it could constitute a marker of severity of the disease.MethodsRWG was defined using the BMI z‐score slope reported to one year (>0.67 SD) from symptom onset to disease diagnosis. We compared the clinical, metabolic, and sleep characteristics between patients with or without RWG at diagnosis. Pharmacological management, anthropometric, and clinical progression were also evaluated during the follow‐up.ResultsA total of 84 de novo narcoleptic pediatric patients were included; their median age at diagnosis was 12.0 years; 59.5% boys, 90.5% cataplexy, and 98.7% HLA‐DQB1*06:02, 57% had RWG profile. RWG patients were younger at diagnosis than non‐RWG patients, despite a shorter diagnostic delay. They had a higher BMI z‐score and a higher prevalence of obesity at diagnosis, but not at symptom onset, and higher adapted Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Insomnia Severity Index scores than non‐RWG patients. No differences on nocturnal polysomnography and multiple sleep latency tests were found between groups at disease diagnosis. After a median follow‐up of 5 years, RWG patients still had a higher BMI z‐score and a higher prevalence of obesity despite benefiting from the same therapeutic management and displaying improvement in sleepiness and school difficulties.ConclusionsNarcoleptic RWG patients were younger, sleepier, and the prevalence of obesity was higher at diagnosis despite a shorter diagnostic delay than that of non‐RWG patients. These patients had also a higher risk of developing a long‐term obesity, despite a positive progression of their narcoleptic symptoms. RGW could then represent a maker of a more severe phenotype of childhood narcolepsy, which should inspire a prompt and more offensive management to prevent obesity and its complications.
Impact of multiple small and persistent threats on extinction risk
Authors: Kimmel Kaitlin , Clark Michael , Tilman David 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMany species may face multiple distinct and persistent drivers of extinction risk, yet theoretical and empirical studies tend to focus on the single largest driver. This means that existing approaches potentially underestimate and mischaracterize future risks to biodiversity. We synthesized existing knowledge on how multiple drivers of extinction can interact to influence a species’ overall extinction probability in a probabilistic model of extinction risk that incorporated the impacts of multiple drivers of extinction risk, their interactions, and their accumulative effects through time. We then used this model framework to explore how different threats, interactions between them, and time trends may affect a species’ overall extinction probability. Multiple small threats together had potential to pose a large cumulative extinction risk; for example, 10 individual threats posed a 1% extinction risk each and cumulatively posed a 9.7% total extinction risk. Interactions among drivers resulted in escalated risk in some cases, and persistent threats with a small (1%) extinction risk each decade ultimately posed large extinction risk over 100 (9.6% total extinction risk) to 200 years (18.2% total extinction risk). By estimating long‐term extinction risk posed by several different factors and their interactions, this approach provides a framework to identify drivers of extinction risk that could be proactively targeted to help prevent species currently of least concern from becoming threatened with extinction.
An emerging coastal wetland management dilemma between mangrove expansion and shorebird conservation
Authors: Choi Chi‐Yeung , Xiao Hui , Jia Mingming , Jackson Micha V. , Lai Yi‐Chien , Murray Nicholas J. , Gibson Luke , Fuller Richard A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCoastal wetlands around the world have been degraded by human activities. Global declines in the extent of important coastal wetlands, including mangroves, salt marshes, and tidal flats, necessitate mitigation and restoration efforts. However, some well‐meaning management actions, particularly mangrove afforestation, can inadvertently cause further loss and degradation of other habitats if these actions are not planned carefully. In particular, there is a potential conflict between mangrove and shorebird conservation because mangrove afforestation and restoration may occur at the expense of bare tidal flats, which form the main foraging habitats for threatened shorebirds and support other coastal organisms. We examined several case studies that illustrate the trade‐off between mangrove restoration and bare tidal flat maintenance. To investigate whether these examples reflect an emerging broad‐scale problem, we used satellite imagery to quantify the change in mangrove habitat extent in 22 important shorebird areas in mainland China from 2000 to 2015.The extent of tidal flat across all sites declined significantly (p < 0.01, n = 22) while among sites with mangroves present, the extent of mangroves expanded significantly (p < 0.01, n = 14). Our results suggest mangrove expansion and tidal flat loss have considerably reduced shorebird habitat in 8 of these sites. To improve the overall conservation outcome, we devised a decision tree for addressing the dilemma. Important factors to consider include whether the area of interest is of importance to shorebirds and what the potential impacts of mangrove expansion are; what the value of the proposed mangrove ecosystem is compared with the existing ecosystem; and that a conflict‐resolution process will be needed if the choices are very similar. With careful consideration of alternative management strategies, decision makers can ensure that the conservation of mangroves does not imperil migratory shorebirds.