bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Point-hyperplane Incidence Geometry and the Log-rank Conjecture
Authors: Singer Noah , Sudan Madhu 
Published: July 2022

We study the log-rank conjecture from the perspective of point-hyperplane incidence geometry. We formulate the following conjecture: Given a point set in ℝ

d

that is covered by constant-sized sets of parallel hyperplanes, there exists an affine subspace that accounts for a large (i.e., 2

–polylog(
d
)

) fraction of the incidences, in the sense of containing a large fraction of the points and being contained in a large fraction of the hyperplanes. In other words, the point-hyperplane incidence graph for such configurations has a large complete bipartite subgraph. Alternatively, our conjecture may be interpreted linear-algebraically as follows: Any rank-
d
matrix containing at most
O
(1) distinct entries in each column contains a submatrix of fractional size 2

–polylog(
d
)

, in which each column is constant. We prove that our conjecture is equivalent to the log-rank conjecture; the crucial ingredient of this proof is a reduction from bounds for parallel
k
-partitions to bounds for parallel (
k
-1)-partitions. We also introduce an (apparent) strengthening of the conjecture, which relaxes the requirements that the sets of hyperplanes be parallel.

Motivated by the connections above, we revisit well-studied questions in point-hyperplane incidence geometry
without
structural assumptions (i.e., the existence of partitions). We give an elementary argument for the existence of complete bipartite subgraphs of density Ω (ε

2
d

/
d
) in any
d
-dimensional configuration with incidence density ε, qualitatively matching previous results proved using sophisticated geometric techniques. We also improve an upper-bound construction of Apfelbaum and Sharir [
2
], yielding a configuration whose complete bipartite subgraphs are exponentially small and whose incidence density is Ω (1/√
d
). Finally, we discuss various constructions (due to others) of products of Boolean matrices which yield configurations with incidence density Ω (1) and complete bipartite subgraph density 2

-Ω (√
d
)

, and pose several questions for this special case in the alternative language of extremal set combinatorics.

Our framework and results may help shed light on the difficulty of improving Lovett’s Õ(√ rank(
f
)) bound [
20
] for the log-rank conjecture. In particular, any improvement on this bound would imply the first complete bipartite subgraph size bounds for parallel 3-partitioned configurations which beat our generic bounds for unstructured configurations.
Modeling the Geospatial Evolution of COVID-19 using Spatio-temporal Convolutional Sequence-to-sequence Neural Networks
Authors: Cardoso Mário , Cavalheiro André , Borges Alexandre , Duarte Ana Filipa , Soares Amílcar , Pereira Maria João , Nunes Nuno Jardim , Azevedo Leonardo , Oliveira Arlindo 
Published: July 2022

Europe was hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic and Portugal was severely affected, having suffered three waves in the first twelve months. Approximately between January 19th and February 5th 2021 Portugal was the country in the world with the largest incidence rate, with 14-day incidence rates per 100,000 inhabitants in excess of 1,000. Despite its importance, accurate prediction of the geospatial evolution of COVID-19 remains a challenge, since existing analytical methods fail to capture the complex dynamics that result from the contagion within a region and the spreading of the infection from infected neighboring regions.
We use a previously developed methodology and official municipality level data from the Portuguese Directorate-General for Health (DGS), relative to the first twelve months of the pandemic, to compute an estimate of the incidence rate in each location of mainland Portugal. The resulting sequence of incidence rate maps was then used as a gold standard to test the effectiveness of different approaches in the prediction of the spatial-temporal evolution of the incidence rate. Four different methods were tested: a simple cell level autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model, a cell level vector autoregressive (VAR) model, a municipality-by-municipality compartmental SIRD model followed by direct block sequential simulation, and a new convolutional sequence-to-sequence neural network model based on the STConvS2S architecture. We conclude that the modified convolutional sequence-to-sequence neural network is the best performing method in this task, when compared with the ARMA, VAR, and SIRD models, as well as with the baseline ConvLSTM model.
Effect of Optimized Emergency Care on Treatment Rate and Prognosis of Elderly Patients with Acute Stroke in Emergency Department: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liang Xia , Yu Yanhong 
Published: July 2022

Objective. This research was to detect the treatment rate and prognosis of elderly patients with acute stroke in emergency department by the optimization of emergency care applying meta-analysis. Methods. The online databases including PubMed, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, China knowledge Network Database (CNKI), China VIP Database, Wanfang Database, and China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) were searched. The retrieval time limit was set from the establishment of the database to the present. The data were extracted independently by two investigators. The bias of per publication was assessed following Cochrane manual 5.1.0 standard. RevMan5.4 statistical software was used to analyze the collected data by meta. Results. The 8 randomized controlled trials included in this meta-analysis all reported patients’ baseline status. The meta-analysis of the rescue time of the study group and the control group (

CH
2
=
1507.80

,

df
=
4

,

P
≤
0.001

, and

I
2
=
100
%

) showed that the emergency nursing with optimized emergency procedures can shorten the rescue of elderly acute stroke patients in the emergency department time. There are 6 literatures reporting the case fatality rate (

Ch

i

2

=
1.12

,

df
=
5

,

P
=
0.95
>
0.05

, and

I
2
=
0
%

), and the death rate of the study group was not higher than that of the control group (

Z
=
4.4

and

P
<
0.0001

). The use of optimized first aid can reduce mortality in elderly patients with acute stroke. Six articles on disability rate reported the heterogeneity of disability rate (

CH
2
=
2.88

,

df
=
5

,

P
=
0.72
>
0.05

, and

I
2
=
0
%

), indicating that the disability rate in the study group was lower than that in the control group (

Z
=
3.91

and

P
<
0.0001

), indicating that emergency nursing by optimizing emergency procedures can reduce the disability rate of elderly stroke patients in emergency department. Conclusion. Optimizing the emergency care process can effectively improve the emergency rate and prognosis of elderly patients with acute stroke in emergency department; however, further research with higher methodological quality and longer intervention time are needed to verify later.
Targeting the DNA Damage Response Pathways and Replication Stress in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Durinikova Erika , Reilly Nicole M. , Buzo Kristi , Mariella Elisa , Chilà Rosaria , Lorenzato Annalisa , Dias João M. L. , Grasso Gaia , Pisati Federica , Lamba Simona , Corti Giorgio , Degasperi Andrea , Cancelliere Carlotta , Mauri Gianluca , Andrei Pietro , Linnebacher Michael , Marsoni Silvia , Siena Salvatore , Sartore-Bianchi Andrea , Nik-Zainal Serena , Di Nicolantonio Federica , Bardelli Alberto , Arena Sabrina 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
Genomic instability is a hallmark of cancer and targeting DNA damage response (DDR) is emerging as a promising therapeutic strategy in different solid tumors. The effectiveness of targeting DDR in colorectal cancer has not been extensively explored.

Experimental Design:
We challenged 112 cell models recapitulating the genomic landscape of metastatic colorectal cancer with ATM, ATR, CHK1, WEE1, and DNA-PK inhibitors, in parallel with chemotherapeutic agents. We focused then on ATR inhibitors (ATRi) and, to identify putative biomarkers of response and resistance, we analyzed at multiple levels colorectal cancer models highly sensitive or resistant to these drugs.

Results:
We found that around 30% of colorectal cancers, including those carrying KRAS and BRAF mutations and unresponsive to targeted agents, are sensitive to at least one DDR inhibitor. By investigating potential biomarkers of response to ATRi, we found that ATRi-sensitive cells displayed reduced phospho-RPA32 foci at basal level, while ATRi-resistant cells showed increased RAD51 foci formation in response to replication stress. Lack of ATM and RAD51C expression was associated with ATRi sensitivity. Analysis of mutational signatures and HRDetect score identified a subgroup of ATRi-sensitive models. Organoids derived from patients with metastatic colorectal cancer recapitulated findings obtained in cell lines.

Conclusions:
In conclusion, a subset of colorectal cancers refractory to current therapies could benefit from inhibitors of DDR pathways and replication stress. A composite biomarker involving phospho-RPA32 and RAD51 foci, lack of ATM and RAD51C expression, as well as analysis of mutational signatures could be used to identify colorectal cancers likely to respond to ATRi.
Breeding phenology and population dynamics of the endangered Forest Spiny Reed Frog Afrixalus sylvaticus Schiøtz, 1974 in Shimba Hills, Kenya
Authors: Alfayo Koskei  , George Eshiamwata  , Bernard Kirui  , Phylus K. Cheruiyot  
Published: July 2022

Afrixalus sylvaticus Schiøtz, 1974 is a species of hyperoliid frog inhabiting coastal forest Kenya. It is classified as endangered under IUCN B2ab(iii) ver 3.1 and occurs in the Shimba Hills National Park and hinterlands. Habitat loss and other human activities are threatening the species. Therefore, understanding the breeding ecology and population dynamics is important for its conservation. This study assessed the breeding ecology and population dynamics of the species in the protected and community landscapes in Shimba Hills National Reserve in Kenya. Data was collected through ecological surveys conducted from June 2016 to July 2017 using a visual encounter surveys (VES) method. The results show that the species was more abundant during the wet season than dry (58% and 42%, respectively). The population estimate was 192 individuals and a density of 0.98 individuals/km2. Regarding the morphology, the mean snout-vent length (SVL) for males was 15.12 mm and females 15.96 mm, but there was no significant difference (t-test = 0.87, p = 0.390, df = 39). The mean weight of both gravid and non-gravid females was 6.05 g and males was 4.82 g. The weights were statistically different between both sexes (t-test = 3.50, p-value = 0.001, df = 39). The sex ratio was 1:2 (male: female). There was more activity in the wet season (April and May), and the breeding habitats were reeds and water lilies. The threats identified to their habitat include; human activities such as bush burning, livestock grazing, drainage, and plantation of exotic tree species (Eucalyptus sp.) that have led to habitat loss and degradation. The study recommends that the reforestation processes such as plantation of exotic species such as Eucalyptus sp. and Casuarina sp. and bush burning in the wetlands and species habitats must be discouraged among the stakeholders (community and park management). Moreover, more synchronized studies are necessary to highlight the driver(s) of imbalanced sex ratios and species habitat shifts.
A case study on utilization and conservation of threatened plants in Sechu Tuan Nalla Wildlife Sanctuary, western Himalaya, India
Authors: Kumar Puneet , Singh Harminder , Sushil Kumar Singh  
Published: July 2022

During the course of surveys between 2016 and 2019 in the Sechu Tuan Nalla Wildlife Sanctuary, 37 species were reported of which, two critically endangered, 18 endangered, 13 vulnerable, four data deficient and one endemic to western Himalayas were recorded. All the species recorded are highly priced medicinal herbs. It also discussed the sustainable use and conservational approach adopted by the local people dwelling in the vicinity of the protected area for an endangered medicinal plant, Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don.
A survey of ethno-medicinally important tree species in Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary, central India
Authors: Kumar Tinku , Kumar Akash , Bishwas Amit Jugnu , Pramod Kumar Khare  
Published: July 2022

The study was carried out in Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary, central India. The forest is classified as a tropical dry deciduous type, with teak Tectona grandis as the predominant species. Extensive field trips were carried out during 2018–2020 to document the medicinally important tree species. The medicinal importance of these plants was recorded through interviews, group discussions with local tribal communities and on the basis of the literature available. Enumeration of tree species in this area showed occurrence of 50 tree species belonging to 37 genera and 21 families. The study further observed that several species were being used as traditional medicine by the local tribal folks, traditional healers in the study area, and also by pharmaceutical industries. The study observed that some species in the sanctuary were rare due to several developmental projects, forest destruction, and over-exploitation. The study provides details about the botanical identity, family, local name, plant parts utilised and uses for treatment of diseases. The present paper identified the tree species for their conservation status and accordingly recommends the priority for their conservation in the study area. We recommend that tree species documentation might be helpful for drug formulation and the preservation of traditional knowledge.
Salsola oppositifolia Desf. in Great Rann of Kachchh, Gujarat – a new record for India
Authors: Gujar Rakesh , Gamit Vinesh , Tatu Ketan , R.K. Sugoor  
Published: July 2022

A biodiversity survey of Great Rann of Kachchh was carried out from August 2021 to January 2022. During this survey, Salsola oppositifolia Desf was recorded as a new record for the India. It was recorded from various localities of Great Rann of Kachchh. It included hilly outcrops, muddy saline, bunds on the fringes of the rann, etc.
Association of Sleep Duration, Napping, and Sleep Patterns With Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Nationwide Twin Study
Authors: Wang Zhiyu , Yang Wenzhe , Li Xuerui , Qi Xiuying , Pan Kuan‐Yu , Xu Weili 
Published: July 2022

Background
Although sleep disorders have been linked to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the association between sleep characteristics and CVDs remains inconclusive. We aimed to examine the association of nighttime sleep duration, daytime napping, and sleep patterns with CVDs and explore whether genetic and early‐life environmental factors account for this association.

Methods and Results

In the Swedish Twin Registry, 12 268 CVD‐free twin individuals (mean age=70.3 years) at baseline were followed up to 18 years to detect incident CVDs. Sleep duration, napping, and sleep patterns (assessed by sleep duration, chronotype, insomnia, snoring, and daytime sleepiness) were self‐reported at baseline. CVDs were ascertained through the Swedish National Patient Registry and the Cause of Death Register. Data were analyzed using a Cox model. In the multiadjusted Cox model, compared with 7 to 9 hours/night, the hazard ratios (HRs) of CVDs were 1.14 (95% CI, 1.01–1.28) for <7 hours/night and 1.10 (95% CI, 1.00–1.21) for ≥10 hours/night, respectively. Compared with no napping, napping 1 to 30 minutes (HR, 1.11 [95% CI, 1.03–1.18]) and >30 minutes (HR, 1.23 [95% CI, 1.14–1.33]) were related to CVDs. Furthermore, a poor sleep pattern was associated with CVDs (HR, 1.22 [95% CI, 1.05–1.41]). The co‐twin matched control analyses showed similar results as the unmatched analyses, and there was no significant interaction between sleep characteristics and zygosity (
P
values >0.05).

Conclusions
Short or long sleep (<7 or ≥10 hours/night), napping, and poor sleep patterns are associated with an increased CVD risk. Genetic and early‐life environmental factors may not account for the sleep–CVD association.
Association of Retinal Age Gap With Arterial Stiffness and Incident Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Zhu Zhuoting , Chen Yifan , Wang Wei , Wang Yueye , Hu Wenyi , Shang Xianwen , Liao Huan , Shi Danli , Huang Yu , Ha Jason , Tan Zachary , Kiburg Katerina V. , Zhang Xueli , Tang Shulin , Yu Honghua , Yang Xiaohong , He Mingguang 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Retinal parameters could reflect systemic vascular changes. With the advances of deep learning technology, we have recently developed an algorithm to predict retinal age based on fundus images, which could be a novel biomarker for aging and mortality. Therefore, we aim to investigate associations of retinal age gap with arterial stiffness index and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods:
A deep learning model was trained based on 19 200 fundus images of 11 052 participants without any medical history at baseline to predict the retinal age. Retinal age gap (retinal age predicted minus chronological age) was generated for the remaining 35 917 participants. Regression models were used to assess the association between retinal age gap and arterial stiffness index. Cox proportional hazards regression models and restricted cubic splines were used to explore the association between retinal age gap and incident CVD.

Results:

We found each 1-year increase in retinal age gap was associated with increased arterial stiffness index (β=0.002 [95% CI, 0.001–0.003];
P
<0.001). After a median follow-up of 5.83 years (interquartile range: 5.73–5.97), 675 (2.00%) developed CVD. In the fully adjusted model, each 1-year increase in retinal age gap was associated with a 3% increase in the risk of incident CVD (hazard ratio=1.03 [95% CI, 1.01–1.06];
P
=0.014). In the restricted cubic splines analysis, the risk of incident CVD increased significantly when retinal age gap reached 1.21 (hazard ratio=1.05 [95% CI, 1.00–1.10];
P
-overall <0.0001;
P
-nonlinear=0.0681).

Conclusions:
We found that retinal age gap was significantly associated with arterial stiffness index and incident CVD events, supporting the potential of this novel biomarker in identifying individuals at high risk of future CVD events.
An Embodied Intelligence-Based Biologically Inspired Strategy for Searching a Moving Target
Authors: Tan Julian K. P. , Tan Chee Pin , Nurzaman Surya G. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Bacterial chemotaxis in unicellular Escherichia coli, the simplest biological creature, enables it to perform effective searching behaviour even with a single sensor, achieved via a sequence of “tumbling” and “swimming” behaviours guided by gradient information. Recent studies show that suitable random walk strategies may guide the behaviour in the absence of gradient information. This article presents a novel and minimalistic biologically inspired search strategy inspired by bacterial chemotaxis and embodied intelligence concept: a concept stating that intelligent behaviour is a result of the interaction among the “brain,” body morphology including the sensory sensitivity tuned by the morphology, and the environment. Specifically, we present bacterial chemotaxis inspired searching behaviour with and without gradient information based on biological fluctuation framework: a mathematical framework that explains how biological creatures utilize noises in their behaviour. Via extensive simulation of a single sensor mobile robot that searches for a moving target, we will demonstrate how the effectiveness of the search depends on the sensory sensitivity and the inherent random walk strategies produced by the brain of the robot, comprising Ballistic, Levy, Brownian, and Stationary search. The result demonstrates the importance of embodied intelligence even in a behaviour inspired by the simplest creature.
Braitenberg Vehicles as Developmental Neurosimulation
Authors: Dvoretskii Stefan , Gong Ziyi , Gupta Ankit , Parent Jesse , Alicea Bradly 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Connecting brain and behavior is a longstanding issue in the areas of behavioral science, artificial intelligence, and neurobiology. As is standard among models of artificial and biological neural networks, an analogue of the fully mature brain is presented as a blank slate. However, this does not consider the realities of biological development and developmental learning. Our purpose is to model the development of an artificial organism that exhibits complex behaviors. We introduce three alternate approaches to demonstrate how developmental embodied agents can be implemented. The resulting developmental Braitenberg vehicles (dBVs) will generate behaviors ranging from stimulus responses to group behavior that resembles collective motion. We will situate this work in the domain of artificial brain networks along with broader themes such as embodied cognition, feedback, and emergence. Our perspective is exemplified by three software instantiations that demonstrate how a BV-genetic algorithm hybrid model, a multisensory Hebbian learning model, and multi-agent approaches can be used to approach BV development. We introduce use cases such as optimized spatial cognition (vehicle-genetic algorithm hybrid model), hinges connecting behavioral and neural models (multisensory Hebbian learning model), and cumulative classification (multi-agent approaches). In conclusion, we consider future applications of the developmental neurosimulation approach.
Dialogical Anthropology of Art
Authors: Huovinen Erkki 
Published: July 2022

This essay develops an account of artistic creativity based on Martin Buber’s theory of dialogue. Crucially, Buber distinguishes between the It that is objectified in experience and use and the You whom we meet as a whole person in dialogical relationships. Buber’s emphasis on dialogue as the core of what it means to be human suggests that the human significance of art might also be in its dialogical potential.
The problem, however, is that artists, psychologists, critics, and philosophers often treat artistic creativity in objective terms and thus make any dialogical ontology of art implausible. To address this issue, the essay proposes a dialogical anthropology of art that acknowledges the objective conditions of art-making and locates the human significance of art in the non-objective interfaces it opens between the artist and his or her world. Such an account brings to light the ways in which art may invite people into “unfinalizable” dialogical relationships with the world they inhabit.
Turbulence Kinetic Energy Dissipation Rate Estimate for a Low-Level Jet with Doppler Lidar Data: A Case Study
Authors: Beu Cassia M. L. , Landulfo Eduardo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Low-level jets are a recurrent feature of our study area in Ipero municipality of southeastern Brazil. They grow very near the surface as shown by this case study. These two aspects increase the needs for a realistic modeling of the low-level jet to simulate the atmospheric dispersion of industrial emissions. In this concern, we applied a recently proposed technique to estimate the turbulence kinetic energy dissipation rate of a low-level jet case with Doppler lidar data. This low-level jet remained for its entire lifetime (around 12 h) within a shallow layer (under 300 m); beyond this, we did not notice a remarkable directional shear as in other studies. Even for a shallow layer as for this study case, we observed strong spatiotemporal variability of the turbulence kinetic energy dissipation rate. We also detected a channel connecting the layers above and below the low-level jet that may be an exchange channel of their properties.