bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of multiple occupational health risk assessment models in the prediction of occupational health risks of n-Hexane in the air-conditioned closed workshop
Authors: Zhu Jiawei , Su Shibiao , Wen Cuiju , Wang Tianjian , Xu Haijuan , Liu Ming 
Published: December 2022

Backgroundn-Hexane (NH) poisoning is a common occupational poisoning in the hardware and electronics industries. However, there is few research data on risk assessment of positions using NH in enclosed workshops. It is very important to assess the risk level of these positions and put forward effective measures and suggestions.MethodsThe information of selected companies and air samples were collected through on-site investigation, and data collation and sample testing were carried out according to the requirements of Chinese standards. The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) Essential, the EPA non-carcinogenic risk assessment model, the Singapore exposure index method and the Chinese semi-quantitative risk assessment models were used to assess the risks of NH.ResultsThe working hours of the exposure groups, printing groups and packing groups all exceeded 9 h per day, less than 30% of each similar exposure groups (SEG) was equipped with the local exhaust ventilation, and 11.1% of the cleaning group and 8.3% of the printing group had NH concentrations in the air that exceeded the Chinese occupational exposure limit (OEL). In the EPA non-carcinogenic risk assessment model, each SEG was evaluated at high risk. In the Chinese semi-quantitative risk assessment models, all of the work groups of exposure groups, 91.7% of the work groups of printing groups, 77.8% of the work groups of printing groups, and 57.1% of the work groups of printing groups were evaluated at unacceptable risk. More than 40.0% of the work groups of printing groups and cleaning groups and over 20.0% of the work groups of exposure groups and packing groups were evaluated at high risk in the Chinese semi-quantitative risk assessment models.ConclusionsThe Chinese exposure index method and the synthesis index method may have a stronger practicability. Some work groups that use NH in air-conditioned enclosed workshops in China, especially the cleaning groups, are still in a high-risk state. It is necessary to increase protective measures and strengthen occupational hygiene management to reduce risks.
The built environment impacts on route choice from home to school for rural students: A stated preference experiment
Authors: Han Li , Wang Yan , Ao Yibin , Ding Xuan , Li Mingyang , Wang Tong 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionRural roads and built environment in China have been developed enormously, but it is not clear whether these roads fulfill the needs of school children as they need to travel long to school every day.ObjectiveIt is crucial to understand the influencing factors of their travel mode choices to better design future country roads and built environment, aiming to promote physical activities of school children in a safe built environment.MethodThis study thus attempts to explore the impacts of rural built environment attributes on children's school travel mode preferences. Eight rural built environment attributes are considered: distance from home to school; the number of intersections passed on the way to school; whether there are sidewalks/bicycle lanes; the traffic speed of school access routes; whether there are separation facilities between motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles; whether there are traffic lights and zebra crossings; availability of greenery such as lawns, flower ponds and street trees and whether there are shops on the way to school and at the school gate. Six hundred and thirty eight valid questionnaires were obtained through face-to-face interviews with school-age children in villages. A multinomial logit model was estimated to unravel the preferences and choices of rural school-age children in different models of school travel using the stated choice data.ResultsAll the eight attributes have significant impacts on rural children's school travel choices on foot, bicycle, electric bicycle or motorbike. And four rural road design attributes have significant effects on rural children's school travel by private cars. A travel path with pavements or bike lanes, few intersections, low traffic speeds, greenery and shops can facilitate children's school travels on foot or by bike. The conclusions can provide reference for the further upgrading planning, designing and construction of rural roads, as well as enriching the theory and practice of child-friendly villages construction.
Evaluation of a digital health system (PAHcare™) for routine care of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension: The CBS-PAH study protocol
Authors: Pérez Peñate Gregorio , Ochoa Parra Nuria , Domingo Morera Juan Antonio , Martínez Meñaca Amaya , López Ramón Marta , Cadenas Menéndez Sergio , León Marrero Fernando , Gómara de la Cal Sara , Ghadban Garrido Cristina , Royo Tolosana Patricia , Martin Puentes Javier , Aldonza Aguayo Rebeca , Mahdavi Hadis , Bacchini Jeanneret Gabriela , Escribano Subías Pilar 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, multifactorial, chronic condition that requires ongoing monitoring and assessment. PAHcare™ is a novel, patient-centered digital platform that provides software intended for use on patients' mobile phones (downloadable application) and web-based dashboards for use by physicians and health coaches (HC). We describe herein the protocol of a clinical study aimed at evaluating the clinical benefit and safety of PAHcare™ for the routine management of patients with PAH.Methods and analysisIn this prospective, single cohort, multicenter study, 50 patients with PAH will be recruited at six specialized PAH units from reference hospitals of the public Spanish healthcare system. The PAHcare™ digital health platform allows patients to log health and lifestyle information while also providing structured content for patient education, medication reminders, and behavioral and lifestyle coaching from a remote HC. Evaluation will be primarily focused on the impact of the platform use on the patient's health-related quality of life (HRQoL) via questionnaires completion through electronic patient-reported outcomes. Moreover, the analysis of the impact on the patient's functional status, signs and symptoms of PAH, patient costs and healthcare resource utilization, satisfaction, knowledge of the disease and its management, and adherence to and safety of the platform will be secondary outcomes. The clinical investigation started in July 2021 and is expected to end by September 2022.DiscussionThe PAHcare™ platform is anticipated to provide direct benefits to healthcare professionals, patients, and caregivers. These include the simplification of the multidisciplinary approach needed to tailor routine PAH management, enhancement of the patient/healthcare professional interaction, patient's empowerment to become more actively involved in the management and treatment of the disease, and increase of the patient's and caregiver's knowledge on PAH.
Evaluation of urethral thickness using ultrasonography in healthy small-breed dogs
Authors: Kim Geunha , Ji Yewon , Choo Donghyeok , Kim Sung-Soo , Lee Kichang , Yoon Hakyoung 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionUrethral thickness measurements can be indicative of the pathological state of a patient; however to the best of our knowledge, no measurement reference range has been established in small-breed dogs. This study aimed to establish reference ranges for total urethral thickness and urethral wall thickness in healthy small-breed dogs; “urethral wall thickness” was assumed to be 1/2 of the “total urethral thickness.”MethodsTotal urethral thickness was measured by ultrasonography in 240 healthy small-breed dogs. In both female and male dogs, the thickness was measured in the mid-sagittal plane. In female dogs, it was measured immediately before the pelvic bone. In male dogs, it was measured caudal to the prostate and cranial to the pelvic bone. The total urethral thickness we measured is the total thickness of the collapsed urethra, which is the sum of the thicknesses of the dorsal and ventral urethral wall.ResultsThe mean value of total urethral thickness was 3.15 ± 0.83 mm (urethral wall thickness, 1.58 ± 0.41 mm) in 240 small-breed dogs. The total urethral thickness was significantly greater in male dogs than in female dogs (p&lt; 0.001), even when compared among the same breeds (p&lt; 0.05). The mean value of the total urethral thickness in females was 2.78 ± 0.60 mm (urethral wall thickness, 1.39 ± 0.30 mm), and 3.53 ± 0.86 mm (urethral wall thickness, 1.76 ± 0.43 mm) in males. There was very weak positive correlation between body weight (BW) and total urethral thickness (R2 = 0.109; β = 0.330;p&lt; 0.001). Intraobserver reliability measured by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.986 (p&lt; 0.001) and interobserver reliability measured by ICC was 0.966 (p&lt; 0.001).DiscussionThis study described the differences in total urethral thickness between breeds, sexes, and sterilization status, and the correlation between BW and total urethral thickness. Furthermore, this is the first study to provide reference ranges of total urethral thickness and urethral wall thickness in small-breed dogs using ultrasonography, and is expected to be useful for urethral evaluation in veterinary diagnostic imaging.
Sustainable Bioconversion of Wetland Plant Biomass for Pleurotus ostreatus var. florida Cultivation: Studies on Proximate and Biochemical Characterization
Authors: Elbagory Mohssen , El-Nahrawy Sahar , Omara Alaa El-Dein , Eid Ebrahem M. , Bachheti Archana , Kumar Pankaj , Abou Fayssal Sami , Adelodun Bashir , Bachheti Rakesh Kumar , Kumar Pankaj , Mioč Boro , Kumar Vinod , Širić Ivan 
Published: December 2022

The abundant biomass growth of aquatic macrophytes in wetlands is one of the major concerns affecting their residing biota. Moreover, the biomass degenerates within the wetlands, thereby causing a remixing of nutrients and emission of greenhouse gases. Therefore, it is crucial to find sustainable methods to utilize the biomass of aquatic macrophytes devoid of environmental concerns. The present study investigates the utilization of the biomass of three aquatic macrophytes, including the lake sedge (CL: Carex lacustris Willd.), water hyacinth (EC: Eichhornia crassipes Mart. Solms), and sacred lotus (NL: Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) to produce oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus var. florida) mushrooms. For this purpose, different combinations of wheat straw (WS: as control) and macrophyte’s biomass (WH) such as control (100% WH), CL50 (50% WH + 50% CL), CL100 (100% CL), EC50 (50% WH + 50% EC), EC100 (100% EC), NL50 (50% WH + 50% NL), and NL100 (100% NL) were used for P. florida cultivation under controlled laboratory conditions. The results showed that all selected combinations of wheat straw and macrophyte biomass supported the spawning and growth of P. florida. In particular, the maximum significant (p < 0.05) growth, yield, bioefficiency, proximate, and biochemical parameters were reported using the WH substrate followed by CL, NL, and EC biomass, which corresponds to the reduction efficiency of the substrate parameters. Therefore, the findings of this study reveal that the biomass of selected aquatic macrophytes can be effectively utilized for sustainable mushroom cultivation while minimizing the risk associated with their self-degeneration.
Role of Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus) Raised as Livestock in Ecuadorian Andes as Reservoirs of Zoonotic Yeasts
Authors: Buela Lenys , Cuenca Mercy , Sarmiento Jéssica , Peláez Diana , Mendoza Ana Yolanda , Cabrera Erika Judith , Yarzábal Luis Andrés 
Published: December 2022

Guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) have been reared for centuries in the Andean region for ceremonial purposes or as the main ingredient of traditional foods. The animals are kept in close proximity of households and interact closely with humans; this also occurs in western countries, where guinea pigs are considered pets. Even though it is acknowledged that domestic animals carry pathogenic yeasts in their tissues and organs that can cause human diseases, almost nothing is known in the case of guinea pigs. In this work we used traditional microbiological approaches and molecular biology techniques to isolate, identify, and characterize potentially zoonotic yeasts colonizing the nasal duct of guinea pigs raised as livestock in Southern Ecuador (Cañar Province). Our results show that 44% of the 100 animals studied were colonized in their nasal mucosa by at least eleven yeast species, belonging to eight genera: Wickerhamomyces, Diutina, Meyerozyma, Candida, Pichia, Rhodotorula, Galactomyces, and Cryptococcus. Noticeably, several isolates were insensitive toward several antifungal drugs of therapeutic use, including fluconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, and caspofungin. Together, our results emphasize the threat posed by these potentially zoonotic yeasts to the farmers, their families, the final consumers, and, in general, to public and animal health.
On Grill Sβ-Open Set in Grill Topological Spaces
Authors: Kalaivani Nagarajan , Rahman Khaleel Fayaz Ur , Čepová Lenka , Čep Robert 
Published: December 2022

In this article we originate a new class of Grill Set, namely GSβ-Open Set, which is parallel to the β Open Set in Grill Topological Space (X, θ, G). In addition, we entitle GSβ-continuous and GSβ-open functions by applying a GSβ-Open Set and we review some of its important properties. Many examples are given to explain the concept lucidly. The properties of GSβ open sets are investigated and studied. The theorems based on the arbitrary union and finite intersections are discussed with counter examples. Moreover, some operators like GSβ−closure and GSβ−interior are introduced and investigated. The concept of GSβ−continuous functions are compared with the idea of G−Semi Continuous function. The theorems based on GSβ−continunity have been proved.
Etna Output Rate during the Last Decade (2011–2022): Insights for Hazard Assessment
Authors: Calvari Sonia , Nunnari Giuseppe 
Published: December 2022

During the last two decades, the Etna volcano has undergone several sequences of lava fountaining (LF) events that have had a major impact on road conditions, infrastructure and the local population. In this paper, we consider the LF episodes occurring between 2011 and 2022, calculating their erupted volumes using the images recorded by the monitoring thermal cameras and applying a manual procedure and a dedicated software to determine the lava fountain height over time, which is necessary to obtain the erupted volume. The comparison between the results indicates the two procedures match quite well, the main differences occurring when the visibility is poor and data are interpolated. With the aim of providing insights for hazard assessment, we have fitted some probabilistic models of both the LF inter-event times and the erupted volumes of pyroclastic material. In more detail, we have tested power-law distributions against log-normal, Weibull, generalised Pareto and log-logistic. Results show that the power-law distribution is the most likely among the alternatives. This implies the lack of characteristic scales for both the inter-event time and the pyroclastic volume, which means that we have no indication as to when a new episode of LF will occur and/or how much material will be erupted. What we can reasonably say is only that short inter-event times are more frequent than long inter-event times, and that LF characterised by small volumes are more frequent than LF with high volumes. However, if the hypothesis that magma accumulates on Etna at a rate of about 0.8 m3s−1 holds, the material accumulated in the source region from the beginning of the observation period (2011) to the present (2022) has already been ejected. In simple terms, there is no accumulated magma in the shallow storage that is prone to be erupted in the near future.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KADAR KOLESTEROL TOTAL DENGAN KADAR HIGH SENSITIVITY C-REACTIVE PROTEIN (HS-CRP) PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2
Authors: Pratiwi Gani 
Published: December 2022

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients can cause oxidative stress which can trigger complications, namely cardiovascular disease. Increased levels of total cholesterol can cause atherosclerosis which can cause blockage of blood vessels so that it becomes one of the causes of cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis can cause inflammation and tissue damage so that the result of this inflammation causes an increase in levels of High sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (Hs-CRP). High sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (Hs-CRP) can be called the most significant predictor of inflammation markers of the risk of cardiovascular events. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between total cholesterol levels and levels of High sensitivity C Reactive Protein (Hs-CRP) in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. This type of research was an analytical observation using a cross sectional approach. The results of statistical analysis using a non-parametric spearman rank test from the correlation test, the significance value of 24 samples was 0.392, then p0.05 the Correlation Coefficient was -0.183, which means that there is no correlation between total cholesterol levels and Hs-CRP levels in people with diabetes mellitus type 2 which is weakly correlated.
EVALUASI VALIDITAS KIT RAPID DIAGNOSTIC TEST ANTIGEN (RDT-Ag) SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Fajrunni'mah Rizana 
Published: December 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic is still ongoing around the world. The rapid and easy development and validation of diagnostic methods is a top priority in response to the handling of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study aimed to evaluate the performance of the SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT-Ag). The RDT-Ag kits evaluated in the study were RDT-Ag VD, RDT-Ag GB kits, and RDT-Ag TS kits that included sensitivity and specificity values. rRT-PCR and RDT-Ag tests use 90 samples of the same nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal swab. The samples included 30 positive samples (Ct ≤ 25), 30 positive samples (Ct 25), and 30 negative samples. Then, the results of rRT-PCR are used as a standard reference for RDT-Ag evaluation. RDT-Ag VD kit obtained 80% sensitivity in the positive sample group with a Ct value of ≤25, and 10% in the positive sample group with a Ct value of 25 with 93.3% specificity. The RDT-Ag GB kit obtained 70% sensitivity in the positive sample group with a Ct value of ≤ 25, and 10% in the positive sample group with a Ct value of 25 with 100% specificity. The RDT-Ag TS kit obtained 93.3% sensitivity in the positive sample group with a Ct value of ≤25, and 20% in the positive sample group with a Ct value of 25 with 100% specificity. The sensitivity of RDT-Ag compared to the rRT-PCR results increased in the sample with a Ct value of ≤25 ( 70%) and its sensitivity decreased dramatically in the sample with a Ct value of 25 ( 20%).
Harmonisasi Sebagai Jalan Interspiritualitas Dalam Relasi Kristen-Islam di Toraja
Authors: Manguju Yudha Nugraha 
Published: December 2022

Religious practices often contribute to violence and divisions in society. This is due to self-understanding that feels the most correct and views ethnic, religious, racial, and intergroup differences (SARA) as a threat, which in the future can plunge people into religious fanaticism. This paper uses a qualitative-descriptive research method with a literature study approach to books and journals on religious life in Toraja that discuss the topic of inter-spirituality. This article shows how interreligious life now needs to be surpassed and developed into inter-spirituality as a lifestyle of religious people in the context of a plural society. Therefore, this paper aims to explore local values (local wisdom) as an effort to establish and build religious relations that integrated the concept of harmonization. Thus, the concept of harmonization can be a path of inter-spirituality that has the values of openness, equality, justice, unity, togetherness, and karapasan (peace) in building relations between religious people in Toraja. Harmony is important because it shows an attitude of living together that is cooperative, honest, open, peaceful, orderly, fair, peaceful, and holistic.
Abstrak: Praktik keagamaan acap kali memberi sumbangsih terhadap kekerasan hingga perpecahan dalam masyarakat. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh pemahaman diri yang merasa paling benar dan memandang perbedaan suku, agama, ras dan antargolongan (SARA) sebagai suatu ancaman, yang dikemudian hari dapat menjerumuskan manusia pada sikap fanatisme beragama. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif-deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka atas buku dan sejumlah jurnal mengenai kehidupan keberagamaan di Toraja yang membahas topik interspiritualitas. Artikel ini memperlihatkan bagaimana kehidupan interreligius kini perlu dilampaui dan dikembangkan menjadi interspiritualitas sebagai pola hidup umat beragama dalam konteks masyarakat plural. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini bertujuan menggali nilai lokal (local wisdom) sebagai upaya untuk menjalin dan membangun relasi umat beragama yang menyatu dalam konsep harmonisasi. Dengan demikian, konsep harmonisasi dapat menjadi jalan interspiritualitas yang memiliki nilai keterbukaan, kesetaraan, keadilan, kesatuan, kebersamaan dan karapasan (kedamaian) dalam membangun relasi antarumat beragama di Toraja. Keharmonisan menjadi penting karena menunjukkan sikap hidup bersama yang bergotong royong, jujur, terbuka, tentram, tertib, adil, damai dan holistik.
Orthogonal Multi-frequency Fusion Based Image Reconstruction and Diagnosis in Diffuse Optical Tomography
Authors: Ben Yedder Hanene , Cardoen Ben , Shokoufi Majid , Golnaraghi Farid , Hamarneh Ghassan 
Published: December 2022

<p>Identifying breast cancer lesions with a portable diffuse optical tomography (DOT) device improves early detection, while avoiding otherwise unnecessarily invasive, ionizing, and expensive modalities such as CT, as well as enabling first line of care treatment efficacy. Critical to this capability is not just identification of lesions, but rather the complex problem of discriminating between malignant and benign lesions. To accurately capture the highly heterogeneous tissue of a cancer lesion embedded in healthy breast tissue with non-invasive DOT, multiple frequencies can be combined to optimize signal penetration and reduce sensitivity to noise. However, these frequency responses can overlap, capture common information, and correlate, potentially confounding reconstruction and downstream end tasks. We show that an orthogonal fusion loss of multi-frequency DOT can improve reconstruction. More importantly, the orthogonal fusion leads to more accurate end-to-end identification of malignant versus benign lesions, illustrating its regularization properties on the multi-frequency input space. With the line-of-care deployment of portable DOT probes requiring a severely constrained computational budget, we show that our raw-to-task model, for direct prediction of end task from signal, significantly reduces computational complexity without sacrificing accuracy, enabling lower latency and higher, real-time throughput in medical settings. </p>