bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of surface wettability and thermal conductivity on the wear performance of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene/graphite and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene/graphene oxide composites
Authors: Shahemi Nur Hidayah , Liza Shahira , Sawae Yoshinori , Morita Takehiro , Shinmori Hironori , Yaakob Yazid 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRecent studies have found a rapid increase of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) wear in the presence of proteins from the synovial fluid. Due to UHMWPE's high hydrophobicity, it tends to adsorb a tremendous amount of proteins. Moreover, since UHMWPE has low thermal conductivity, a temperature rise in the center of the contact area due to frictional heating could cause protein denaturation from the synovial fluid. It has been shown that the denatured protein may increase the adhesive wear response. This study aimed to address the effects of graphite and graphene oxide (GO) addition on the wear properties of UHMWPE in protein environments. The surface properties were characterized using surface roughness profiler, surface energy evaluation, zeta potential, and Fourier transform infra‐red (FTIR). Following that, wear properties of UHMWPE composite were evaluated using a multidirectional pin‐on‐disc wear test under a bovine serum lubricated condition. The worn surface of the UHMWPE composite sample was evaluated, and the dominating factors of wear properties were determined. The effect of protein adsorption on the composite surface was also assessed after the wear test. The hydrophilicity of UHWMPE/1.0GO is considered to be the dominant contribution determining protein adsorption in static conditions. UHMWPE composite's wear resistance improvement was primarily dominated by GO filler (1.0 wt%) near the sliding surface, which has improved the subsurface strength of the material and heat dissipation effect, which reduces the denaturation of the proteins.
Comparative genomics of primary prostate cancer and paired metastases: insights from 12 molecular case studies
Authors: Cyrta Joanna , Prandi Davide , Arora Arshi , Hovelson Daniel H , Sboner Andrea , Rodriguez Antonio , Fedrizzi Tarcisio , Beltran Himisha , Robinson Dan R , Gopalan Anuradha , True Lawrence , Nelson Peter S , Robinson Brian D , Mosquera Juan Miguel , Tomlins Scott A , Shen Ronglai , Demichelis Francesca , Rubin Mark A 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPrimary prostate cancer (PCa) can show marked molecular heterogeneity. However, systematic analyses comparing primary PCa and matched metastases in individual patients are lacking. We aimed to address the molecular aspects of metastatic progression while accounting for the heterogeneity of primary PCa. In this pilot study, we collected 12 radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens from men who subsequently developed metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). We used histomorphology (Gleason grade, focus size, stage) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) (ERG and p53) to identify independent tumors and/or distinct subclones of primary PCa. We then compared molecular profiles of these primary PCa areas to matched metastatic samples using whole‐exome sequencing (WES) and amplicon‐based DNA and RNA sequencing. Based on combined pathology and molecular analysis, seven (58%) RP specimens harbored monoclonal and topographically continuous disease, albeit with some degree of intratumor heterogeneity; four (33%) specimens showed true multifocal disease; and one displayed monoclonal disease with discontinuous topography. Early (truncal) events in primary PCa included SPOP p.F133V (one patient), BRAF p.K601E (one patient), and TMPRSS2:ETS rearrangements (eight patients). Activating AR alterations were seen in nine (75%) mCRPC patients, but not in matched primary PCa. Hotspot TP53 mutations, found in metastases from three patients, were readily present in matched primary disease. Alterations in genes encoding epigenetic modifiers were observed in several patients (either shared between primary foci and metastases or in metastatic samples only). WES‐based phylogenetic reconstruction and/or clonality scores were consistent with the index focus designated by pathology review in six out of nine (67%) cases. The three instances of discordance pertained to monoclonal, topographically continuous tumors, which would have been considered as unique disease in routine practice. Overall, our results emphasize pathologic and molecular heterogeneity of primary PCa, and suggest that comprehensive IHC‐assisted pathology review and genomic analysis are highly concordant in nominating the ‘index’ primary PCa area. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii exhibits stress memory in the accumulation of triacylglycerols induced by nitrogen deprivation
Authors: Mikulski Pawel , Santos‐Aberturas Javier 
Published: March 2022

AbstractStress memory is a phenomenon whereby exposure to initial stress event influences a response to subsequent stress exposures. Studying stress memory is important to understand the cellular behavior in dynamic environment, especially nowadays, in times with growing environmental instability. Stress memory has been characterized in vascular plants but its occurrence in nonvascular plant species has been rarely investigated. We hypothesized that stress memory occurs in nonvascular plants in relation to metabolic stress. We sought to test it using accumulation of lipids (triacylglycerols) in model green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii subjected to nitrogen deprivation stress as a model system. Here, we established stress memory protocol on C. reinhardtii cells. Using a blend of microscopy and gas chromatography methods, we showed that the cells exposed to recurrent stress show differential accumulation of triacylglycerols on the quantitative level without qualitative changes in lipid composition, comparing to single stress controls. Overall, our results suggest that metabolic stress memory does occur in nonvascular plant C. reinhardtii and provides a starting point to characterize mechanistic principles of metabolic stress memory. Due to the commercial potential of algae, our findings are relevant for basic science, as well as industrial production of algae‐derived compounds.
Improving pain‐related communication in children with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability
Authors: Fitzpatrick Rachel , McGuire Brian E. , Lydon Helena K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe communication of pain in individuals with co‐morbid Autism Spectrum Disorder and intellectual disability (ASD‐ID) is largely unexplored. The communication deficits associated with ASD‐ID can result in nonverbal behavior such as self‐injurious behavior, aggression, irritability, and reduced activity as a means to communicate that pain is present. The objective of this study was to determine whether a behavioral‐based educational intervention could increase the pain‐related communication of children with ASD‐ID who experience pain frequently. Specifically, the study aimed to determine if children with ASD‐ID can label the location of their pain or quantify pain severity and request pain relief. The sample included three children with ASD‐ID who experienced pain frequently. The intervention utilized educational materials and behavioral reinforcements and the intervention was conducted using a series of case studies. Pain was assessed daily by caregivers using the Non‐Communicating Children's Pain Checklist—Postoperative (NCCPC‐PV) and the ability of the individual to identify and express pain was recorded using the Wong Baker FACES Pain (WBFPS) Scale. Challenging behavior was recorded based on frequency count. The results indicated that all participants displayed the ability to independently respond to a question about how they were feeling by vocalizing the location of pain or indicating their level of pain on the WBFPS and requesting pain relief. The results suggest a role for behavioral‐based educational interventions to promote communication of pain in people with ASD‐ID.
Lung ultrasound scores in neonatal clinical practice: A narrative review of the literature
Authors: Corsini Iuri , Ficial Benjamim , Ciarcià Martina , Capasso Letizia , Migliaro Fiorella , Rodriguez‐Fanjul Javier , Clemente Maria , Raimondi Francesco , Dani Carlo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLung ultrasound (LU) has in recent years increasingly been used as a point‐of‐care method. Initially, LU was used as a so‐called descriptive diagnostic method for neonatal respiratory diseases. Instead, this review article focuses on the use of LU as a “functional” tool using classification of findings in patterns or using semiquantitative scores. We review and describe the evidence that led to the implementation of LU in predicting the need for surfactant replacement therapy in preterm infants and in the identification of newborns at risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia. LU appears to be a very promising method for the future of clinical management of newborns in both acute and chronic phases of pulmonary pathologies related to prematurity. However, further studies are needed to define its role before full implementation.
Pediatric pulmonary veno‐occlusive disease associated with a novel BMPR2 variant
Authors: Takemori Wataru , Yamamura Kenichiro , Tomita Yoshitaka , Egami Naoki , Eguchi Katsuhide , Nagata Hazumu , Shirouzu Hiromitsu , Ishikawa Yuichi , Nakajima Daisuke , Yoshizawa Akihiko , Date Hiroshi , Ohga Shouichi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPulmonary veno‐occlusive disease (PVOD) and idiopathic/heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension (I/HPAH) cause progressive PH on the distinct genetic impact. A 29‐month‐old boy presented with a loss of consciousness. He had severe PH refractory to pulmonary vasodilators. Hypoxemia and ground‐glass opacity on the chest computed tomography were present, and significant pulmonary edema developed after the introduction of continuous intravenous prostaglandin I2. Based on the clinical diagnosis of PVOD, he underwent a single living‐donor lobar lung transplantation with the right lower lobe of his mother. The pathological findings of his explanted lung showed intimal thickening and luminal narrowing of the pulmonary vein. A genetic test revealed a novel heterozygous splice acceptor variant (c.77‐2A>C) in BMPR2, which is typically associated with I/HPAH. This is the first pediatric case of PVOD with BMPR2 variant, supporting the concept that I/HPAH and PVOD are part of a spectrum of pulmonary vascular disease.
Can double PPO mutations exist in the same allele and are such mutants functional?
Authors: Porri Aimone , Noguera Matheus M , Betz Michael , Sälinger Daniel , Brändle Frank , Bowe Steven J , Lerchl Jens , Meyer Lucie , Knapp Michael , Roma‐Burgos Nilda 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDResistance to protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO)‐inhibiting herbicides is endowed primarily by target‐site mutations at the PPX2 gene that compromise binding of the herbicide to the catalytic domain. In Amaranthus spp. PPX2, the most prevalent target mutations are deletion of the G210 codon, and the R128G and G339A substitutions. These mutations strongly affect the dynamic of the PPO2 binding pocket, resulting in reduced affinity with the ligand. Here we investigated the likelihood of co‐occurrence of the most widespread target site mutations in the same PPX2 allele.RESULTSPlants carrying R128G+/+ ΔG210+/−, where + indicates presence of the mutation, were crossed with each other. The PPX2 of the offspring was subjected to pyrosequencing and E. coli‐based Sanger sequencing to determine mutation frequencies and allele co‐occurrence. The data show that R128G ΔG210 can occur in one allele only; the second allele carries only one mutation. Double mutation in both alleles is less likely because of significant loss of enzyme activity. The segregation of offspring populations derived from a cross between heterozygous plants carrying ΔG210 G399A also showed no co‐occurrence in the same allele. The offspring exhibited the expected mutation distribution patterns with few exceptions.CONCLUSIONSHomozygous double‐mutants are not physiologically viable. Double‐mutant plants can only exist in a heterozygous state. Alternatively, if two mutations are detected in one plant, each mutation would occur in a separate allele. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Monitoring the damage of armyworm as a pest in summer corn by unmanned aerial vehicle imaging
Authors: Tao Wancheng , Wang Xinsheng , Xue Jing‐Hao , Su Wei , Zhang Mingzheng , Yin Dongqin , Zhu Dehai , Xie Zixuan , Zhang Ying 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe timely, rapid, and accurate near real‐time observations are urgent to monitor the damage of corn armyworm, because the rapid expansion of armyworm would lead to severe yield losses. Therefore, the potential of machine learning algorithms for identifying the armyworm infected areas automatically and accurately by multispectral unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) dataset is explored in this study. The study area is in Beicuizhuang Village, Langfang City, Hebei Province, which is the main corn‐producing area in the North China Plain.RESULTSFirstly, we identified the optimal combination of image features by Gini‐importance and the comparation of four kinds of machine learning methods including Random Forest (RF), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Naive Bayesian (NB) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) was done. And RF was proved to be the most potential with the highest Kappa and OA of 0.9709 and 0.9850, respectively. Secondly, the armyworm infected areas and healthy corn areas were predicted by an optimized RF model in the UAV dataset, and the armyworm incidence levels were classified subsequently. Thirdly, the relationship between the spectral characteristics of different bands and pest incidence levels within the Sentinel‐2 and UAV images were analyzed, and the B3 in UAV images and the B6 in Sentinel‐2 image were less sensitive for armyworm incidence levels. Therefore, the Sentinel‐2 image was used to monitor armyworm in two towns.CONCLUSIONSThe optimized dataset and RF model are effective and reliable, which can be used for identifying the corn damage by armyworm using UAV images accurately and automatically in field‐scale. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Antiinflammatory activity of natural triterpenes—An overview from 2006 to 2021
Authors: Miranda Rodrigo de Souza , de Jesus Bárbara da Silva Mascarenhas , da Silva Luiz Sandra Regina , Viana Cristina Borges , Adão Malafaia Camila Rodrigues , Figueiredo Fabiana de Souza , Carvalho Tatiane dos Santos Conceição , Silva Matheus Lopes , Londero Vinicius Silva , da Costa‐Silva Thais Alves , Lago João Henrique Ghilardi , Martins Roberto Carlos Campos 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTerpenes are one of the most abundant classes of secondary metabolites produced by plants and can be divided based on the number of isoprene units (C5) in monoterpenes (2 units—C10), sesquiterpenes (3 units—C15), diterpenes (4 units—C20), triterpenes (6 units—C30), etc. Chemically, triterpenes are classified based on their structural skeleton including lanostanes, euphanes, cycloartanes, ursanes, oleananes, lupanes, tirucallanes, cucurbitanes, dammaranes, baccharanes, friedelanes, hopanes, serratanes etc. Additionally, glycosylated (saponins) or highly oxidated/degraded (limonoids) triterpenes could be found in nature. The antiinflammatory effect and action as immunomodulators of these secondary metabolites have been demonstrated in different studies. This review reports an overview of articles published in the last 15 years (from 2006 to 2021 using PubMed and SciFinder database) describing the antiinflammatory effects of different triterpenes with their presumed mechanism of action, suggesting that triterpenes could be appointed as natural products with future pharmaceutical applicability.
A simple and efficient derivatization strategy combined with switchable solvent liquid–liquid microextraction hydroxychloroquine methyl acetate‐d3‐based quadruple isotope dilution gas chromatography mass spectrometry for the determination of hydroxychloroquine sulfate in biological fluids
Authors: Erarpat Sezin , Bodur Süleyman , Öner Miray , Günkara Ömer Tahir , Bakırdere Sezgin 
Published: March 2022

RationaleA derivatization switchable solvent liquid–liquid microextraction quadruple isotope dilution gas chromatography mass spectrometry (D‐SS‐LLME‐ID4‐GC/MS) method is presented for the determination of hydroxychloroquine sulfate in human biofluids.MethodsWhile mixing type/period and concentration of NaOH were optimized via a univariate optimization approach, a multivariate optimization approach was used to determine optimum values for relatively more important parameters such as volumes of derivatization agent (acetic anhydride), NaOH and switchable solvent.ResultsUnder the optimum experimental conditions, limit of detection and limit of quantification were calculated as 0.03 and 0.09 mg/kg (mass based), respectively. An isotopically labelled material (hydroxychloroquine methyl acetate‐d3) was firstly synthesized to be used in ID4 experiments which give highly accurate and precise recovery results. After the application of D‐SS‐LLME‐ID4, superior percent recovery results were recorded as 99.9 ± 1.6–101.3 ± 1.2 for human serum, 99.9 ± 1.7–99.8 ± 1.8 for urine and 99.6 ± 1.5–101.0 ± 1.1 for saliva samples.ConclusionsThe developed D‐SS‐LLME‐ID4‐GC/MS method compensates the complicated matrix effects of human biofluids and provides highly accurate quantification of an analyte with precise results.
Simplified abstract syntax tree based semantic features learning for software change prediction
Authors: Yang Xinyue , Zhang Xiaofang , Tong Yao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSoftware change prediction aims to identify the change‐prone parts of source code, which can help software practitioners allocate resources more efficiently, increase the quality of software products, and reduce maintenance costs. In recent years, researchers have built many change prediction models based on product and process metrics using traditional classification algorithms. However, source code contains rich semantic structural information, which traditional features cannot usually capture. Therefore, extracting the semantic features of code can help improve the performance of existing models. To bridge the gap between semantic features and change prediction, we introduce a novel change prediction approach based on a simplified abstract syntax tree (AST). Specifically, we first extract semantic features from partial AST nodes that pay attention to the syntax and semantic of code instead of all AST nodes. Then, a bidirectional recurrent neural network is utilized to model the deep semantic information of the code for change prediction. We also propose a new dataset that to some extent alleviates the data‐imbalance problem, which has become an active research topic. We conducted extensive experiments on the proposed dataset. The results show the effectiveness of semantic features for change prediction. Further, our model outperformed a state‐of‐the‐art code representation method.
Targeting neonatal Fc receptor: potential clinical applications in pregnancy
Authors: Moise K. J. , Oepkes D. , Lopriore E. , Bredius R. G. M. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTThe neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) plays an important role in the transfer of the immunoglobulin G isotype (IgG) from the mother to the fetus. FcRn expressed on endothelial cells also binds to IgG and albumin, regulating the circulating half‐lives of these proteins. Alloimmune and autoimmune IgG antibodies have been implicated in various perinatal immune‐mediated diseases. FcRn‐mediated placental transfer of pathogenic antibodies can result in cell and tissue injury in the fetus and neonate, with devastating outcomes. Thus, blockade of FcRn may be an effective treatment strategy in managing these conditions and could additionally reduce the concentration of pathogenic antibodies in the maternal circulation by preventing IgG recycling. In this review, we discuss the biology of FcRn, the rationale and considerations for development of FcRn‐blocking agents, and their potential clinical applications in various perinatal immune‐mediated diseases. © 2022 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Clinical signs, diagnostic imaging and histopathology in a dog with granulomatous meningoencephalitis manifested as a polyneuropathy
Authors: Benito Miguel Benito , Fuentes Miriam Portero , Manso‐Diaz Gabriel , Madonado Belén Sánchez , Diaz Carmen Pérez 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAn 11‐year‐old, female, neutered Labrador retriever with a history of chronic and progressive right hindlimb lameness and facial asymmetry was referred for brain and lumbosacral magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Multifocal non‐enhancing T2‐weighted images of hyperintense lesions were observed in the caudate nuclei and medulla oblongata. The right oculomotor nerve was markedly enlarged and showed marked enhancement on T1‐weighted images after contrast injection, and there was diffuse enlargement of the sciatic and femoral nerves in the right hindlimb. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed a mixed pleocytosis. Histopathology revealed granulomatous inflammation affecting the brain, oculomotor and pelvic limb nerves, consistent with a diagnosis of granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis.
Groups of p-rank 2 containing an isolated element of order p
Authors: Toborg Imke 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLet p be an odd prime and G be a finite group with $$O_{p'}(G)=1$$

O

p
′

(
G
)

=
1

of p-rank at most 2 that contains an isolated element of order p. If $$x\notin Z(G)$$

x
∉
Z
(
G
)

, we show that $$F^*(G)$$

F
∗

(
G
)

is simple and we describe the structure of a Sylow p-subgroup P of $$F^*(G)$$

F
∗

(
G
)

as well as the fusion system $$\mathcal F_P(F^*(G))$$

F
P

(

F
∗

(
G
)

)

without using the classification of finite simple groups.
Ubr1-induced selective endophagy/autophagy protects against the endosomal and Ca2+-induced proteostasis disease stress
Authors: Wang Ben B. , Xu Haijin , Isenmann Sandra , Huang Cheng , Elorza-Vidal Xabier , Rychkov Grigori Y. , Estévez Raúl , Schittenhelm Ralf B. , Lukacs Gergely L. , Apaja Pirjo M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe cellular defense mechanisms against cumulative endo-lysosomal stress remain incompletely understood. Here, we identify Ubr1 as a protein quality control (QC) E3 ubiquitin-ligase that counteracts proteostasis stresses by facilitating endosomal cargo-selective autophagy for lysosomal degradation. Astrocyte regulatory cluster membrane protein MLC1 mutations cause endosomal compartment stress by fusion and enlargement. Partial lysosomal clearance of mutant endosomal MLC1 is accomplished by the endosomal QC ubiquitin ligases, CHIP and Ubr1 via ESCRT-dependent route. As a consequence of the endosomal stress, a supportive QC mechanism, dependent on both Ubr1 and SQSTM1/p62 activities, targets ubiquitinated and arginylated MLC1 mutants for selective endosomal autophagy (endophagy). This QC pathway is also activated for arginylated Ubr1-SQSTM1/p62 autophagy cargoes during cytosolic Ca2+-assault. Conversely, the loss of Ubr1 and/or arginylation elicited endosomal compartment stress. These findings underscore the critical housekeeping role of Ubr1 and arginylation-dependent endophagy/autophagy during endo-lysosomal proteostasis perturbations and suggest a link of Ubr1 to Ca2+ homeostasis and proteins implicated in various diseases including cancers and brain disorders.