994-P: DINAMO—Diabetes Study of Linagliptin and Empagliflozin in Children and Adolescents with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) : Innovative Study Design and Baseline Characteristics
Authors: LAFFEL LORI M. , DANNE THOMAS , TAMBORLANE WILLIAM V. , KLINGENSMITH GEORGEANNA J. , SCHROEDER CHRISTY , NEUBACHER DIETMAR , SOLEYMANLOU NIMA , MARQUARD JAN , ZEITLER PHILIP , WILLI STEVEN M. 
Published: May 2022

T2D in youth remains challenging to manage and there is need for an expanded treatment armamentarium. The DINAMO study was designed to overcome recruitment difficulties that plagued previous T2D studies in youth. Within 3 years, DINAMO enrolled 158 patients aged to &lt;18 years at 64 sites in 12 countries with HbA1c 6.5-10.5% on metformin and/or insulin. Unique to this study, participants with a modifiable exclusion initially could be re-screened up to 5 times. Patients were randomized to linagliptin (5 mg) , empagliflozin (mg) , or placebo (1:1:1) . At week 12, 50% of empagliflozin patients who could not attain HbA1c &lt;7.0% were re-randomized to either remain on mg or increase to 25 mg. HbA1c change from baseline to week 26 was the primary efficacy endpoint and safety was evaluated over 52 weeks. The main reason for screen failure was HbA1c out of range (57%) . Baseline characteristics of participants are shown below. The study will be completed in fall 2022. Innovative approaches (e.g., testing multiple agents against a single placebo, re-screening patients with modifiable exclusion criteria, using a consortium model to consolidate efforts of several centers, and creating a Steering Committee to adjust study design) can successfully overcome the challenges of conducting clinical trials in youth with T2D.

Disclosure
L.M. Laffel: Advisory Panel; Medtronic, Roche Diabetes Care. Consultant; Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Dexcom, Inc., Dompé, Insulet Corporation, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Lilly Diabetes, Novo Nordisk, Provention Bio, Inc. T. Danne: Consultant; Abbott, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Dexcom, Inc., Lilly, Medtronic, Novo Nordisk, Roche Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi, Ypsomed AG. Research Support; Abbott, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Dexcom, Inc., Lilly, Medtronic, Novo Nordisk, Roche Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi, Ypsomed AG. Stock/Shareholder; DreaMed Diabetes, Ltd. W.V. Tamborlane: Consultant; AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Medtronic, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited. G.J. Klingensmith: Research Support; AstraZeneca, Novo Nordisk, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited. Stock/Shareholder; Dexcom, Inc., Insulet Corporation, Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. C. Schroeder: Employee; Boehringer Ingelheim Inc. D. Neubacher: Employee; Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH. N. Soleymanlou: Employee; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc. J. Marquard: Employee; Boehringer Ingelheim Inc. P. Zeitler: Consultant; Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly and Company, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Merck & Co., Inc., Novo Nordisk, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited. S.M. Willi: Advisory Panel; Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Medtronic. Research Support; Jaeb Center for Health Research, Provention Bio, Inc. Other Relationship; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.

Funding
Boehringer Ingelheim