bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Physicians and Dentists on Medication-related Osteonecrosis of Jaw (MRONJ): A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: kazmi syed murtaza , Kaleem Humayun , Khan Farhan , Khan Shahrukh 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Bisphosphonate medication can cause osteonecrosis of the jaw, which is an uncommon but serious complication. The exact mechanism for the development of MRONJ is not known clearly. Dentoalveolar surgery is considered the major risk factor as a local risk factor with pre-existing inflammatory dental diseases, such as periodontal disease or periapical pathology. Therefore, this survey aims to explore the cross-reference of the patients before prescribing anti-resorptive and related medicines to avoid medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) by evaluating and managing any potential dental issues and do the required surgeries and uplift their oral hygiene before the commencement of such medications.
Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted among physicians and dentists of secondary and tertiary care hospitals and clinics in Pakistan between March and June 2021. Data were collected through a web-based questionnaire distributed among the eligible sample of physicians and dentists in the departments involved in prescribing bisphosphonates and managing the Osteonecrosis. SPSS 23.0 was used for data analysis. Frequencies and percentages were reported for all variables while Chi-squares and Fischer’s exact test was used to see differences in responses among physicians and dentists. A p-value of <0.05 was taken as statistically significant.
Results: A response rate of 29% was achieved. All dentists answered correctly when asked about the indications of bisphosphonates but only about half of them agreed that bisphosphonates can cause but have limited knowledge related to other medicines like anti-angiogenic and mTOR inhibitors. 50% of the physicians provide patient education regarding the potential adverse effect of bisphosphonate medicine and related drugs while others don’t educate the patient regularly.
Conclusions: Our study revealed a deficient knowledge regarding bisphosphonate-related ONJ among physicians and dentists. Appropriate training measures are required to raise their awareness.
Spontaneous portosystemic shunt as a potiential marker for severe liver damage and high risk of complications associated with portal hypertension in patients with hepatitis B-related cirrhosis: a multicenter study from China
Authors: Ke Qiao , Yu Xueping , Wang Xuan , Huang Jinfa , Lin Biding , Wang Zhiyong , Huang Xinhui , Weng Xiadi , Jiao Yubing , Xie Yixing , Wu Weimin , Qiu Linbin , Zheng Hanghai , Li Ling , Xu Zhengju , Su Zhijun , Zhuge Yuzheng , Liu Jingfeng , Guo Wuhua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and aim Patients with cirrhosis have a high prevalence of spontaneous portosystemic shunt (SPSS), but it remains controversial whether the presence of SPSS is associated with liver function and portal hypertension (PHT)-related complications. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence, clinical characteristics and related factors of SPSS in cirrhotic patients. Methods Patients who were diagnosed with hepatitis B-related cirrhosis between Jan 2020 and Oct 2021 were retrospectively recruited from five centers in China. All eligible patients were classified into SPSS and non-SPSS groups and their clinical characteristics were compared. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify clinical characteristics associated with SPSS, and then to assess the independent impact of SPSS on the risk of PHT-related complications. Results Of the 1282 patients included in this study, SPSS was identified in 488 patients (38.1%). SPSS group had a higher proportion of patients with hepatofugal flow in portal vein, thinner diameter of right branch of portal vein (RPV), thicker diameter of left branch of portal vein (LPV), splenic vein (SV) and superior mesenteric vein (SMV), more severe liver function impairment, higher incidence and severity of esophageal and gastric varices (EGV), and a higher prevalence of PHT-related complications [EGV bleeding (EGVB), portal vein thrombosis (PVT), hepatic encephalopathy (HE), ascites, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)] (allP < 0.05). On multivariable logistic regression analyses, MELD score, diameter of RPV and SV, hepatofugal flow in portal vein, EV or GV or EGV on radiological evaluation, presence of EGVB, PVT, HE, and moderate–severe ascites were independently associated with SPSS (allP < 0.05). In addition, presence of SPSS was identified as an independent risk factor for EGVB, PVT and HE (allP < 0.05). Conclusion SPSS may indicate severe liver damage and a high risk of PHT-related complications.
360 Health Analysis (H360) – A comparison of key performance indicators in breast cancer management across health institution settings
Authors: Rego Inês Brandão , Coelho Sara , Semedo Patrícia Miguel , Cavaco-Silva Joana , Teixeira Laetitia , Sousa Susana , Reis Joana , Dinis Rui , Schmitt Fernando , Afonso Noémia , Fougo José Luís , Pavão Francisco , Leite Ricardo Baptista , Costa Luís 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The increased focus on quality indicators (QIs) and the use of clinical registries in real-world cancer studies have led to higher compliance with therapeutic standards and increased patient survival. The European Society of Breast Cancer Specialists (EUSOMA) defined QIs to assess compliance with current standards in breast cancer care.
Methods
This population-based retrospective study is part of the H360 Health Analysis (H360) project - Phase 2 and represents the first comprehensive assessment of the quality of breast cancer care in different hospital settings in Portugal. Its aim is to describe compliance with EUSOMA-defined QIs in breast cancer management in different hospital settings (public vs. private; general hospitals vs. Oncology centers) and thereby assess equity in the provision of care across health institutions. To do so, a set of key performance indicators (KPIs) was selected based on EUSOMA and previously identified QIs. Secondary data were retrieved from patients’ clinical records. Compliance with target KPIs in different stages of disease across the considered hospital settings was compared with minimum and target EUSOMA standards.
Results
A total of 259 patient clinical records were assessed. In stage I, II, and III disease, eighteen KPIs met target EUSOMA standards, five met minimum standards, and eight failed to meet minimum standards. Compliance with KPIs varied according to the type of hospital (particularly concerning diagnosis) and stage of the disease.
Conclusions
Study results show that, although most QIs meet EUSOMA standards, there is room for improvement regarding diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. There are differences in the clinical practice across health institutions, particularly between Oncology centers and general hospitals regarding diagnosis and KPI compliance among disease stages. These findings should be addressed in future studies in a coordinated effort to improve the quality of breast cancer care nationally.
A Phase II Trial of Netupitant/Palonosetron for Prevention of Chemotherapy Induced Nausea/Vomiting in Patients Receiving BEAM Prior to Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Authors: Bubalo Joseph S. , Radke Jennifer L. , Bensch Kenneth G. , Chen Andy I. , Misra Shikha , Maziarz Richard T. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of NEPA for the prevention of CINV for HCT patients receiving BEAM therapy.
Study Design
This phase II, prospective, intention-to-treat, single-center, single arm study involved 43 adult patients who received NEPA and dexamethasone for prevention of CINV due to BEAM conditioning chemotherapy. An interim analysis, performed after 13 patients, determined utility versus futility and supported continuation to full enrollment. Descriptive statistics were used to report complete response (CR), complete protection (CP), incidence of emesis, and administration of rescue agents. A Kaplan-Meier curve depicted time to first emesis and first rescue medication. Patients self-reported levels of daily nausea descriptively via a CINV Questionnaire.
Results
By study end, 13 of 43 patients achieved a CR with an average of 10.6 emesis free days (SD 0.95) over the 11-day observation period, with no emetic events in any patient during the acute/chemotherapy phase. Nausea was well controlled throughout the acute therapy phase (Days 1–6) and increased during the delayed phase (Day 7–11) with a peak mean level of 2.79/10 at Day 10. Aside from lower grade (≤ 2) headaches, constipation and diarrhea were the most widely reported adverse effects.
Conclusion
The combination of NEPA and dexamethasone is safe and effective for the prevention of CINV in patients receiving BEAM conditioning therapy prior to HCT. The regimen demonstrated greater effectiveness in the acute phase versus the delayed phase, with low levels of nausea throughout the study period and complete emesis prevention during chemotherapy. NCT03097588 registered March 31, 2017.
Genetic parameters analysis of conformation traits and milk production traits in Chinese Holsteins
Authors: Xue Xiaoshu , Ma Yun , Hu Honghong , Ma Yanfen , Han Liyun , Hao Feng , Jiang Yu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to explore the genetic parameters of conformation traits and milk production traits of Chinese Holstein cattles in Northwest China, and to provide a reference for dairy cattle breeding in this region. The phenotypic data of 23 conformation traits and 5 milk production traits of 7,930 Chinese Holsteins from 18 pastures from 2007 to 2020 were collected. With field, identification season, calving season, and appraiser effect as a fixed effect and individual additive genetic effect as a random effect, DMU package and AIREML combined with EM algorithm were used to estimate the genetic parameters of conformation traits and milk production traits.
Results: The estimated heritability of conformation traits ranged from 0.11 (angularity) to 0.37 (heel dept), and the genetic correlation between conformation traits ranged from -0.73 (bone quality and rear leg-rear view) to 0.76 (chest width and loin strength). The estimated values of genetic correlation between conformation traits and milk production traits ranged from -0.31 (pin setting and milk yield) to 0.34 (stature and milk yield), -0.33 (pin setting and 305-d fat) to 0.57 (breast texture and 305-d fat), -0.32 (pin setting and 305-d protein) to 0.38 (udder texture and 305-d protein), and -0.43, respectively (heel dept and somatic cell score) ~ 0.34 (body depth and somatic cell score) and -0.56 (foot angle and 305-d milk yield) ~ 0.32 (body depth and 305-d milk yield). There was a positive genetic correlation between most conformation traits and 305-d fat and 305-d protein, but a weak genetic negative correlation with milk yield.
Conclusions: Strengthening the selection of medium and high heritability of milk production traits and conformation traits, especially the selection of rear udder traits and body shape total score, was beneficial to improve the performance of dairy cows.
Experimental Analyses of Eco-friendly Plasticizer on Taro Starch-based Bioplastic for Injera Packing Application
Authors: Ayalke Bethelhem Hailemichael , Woldemichael Dereje Engida 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This work aims to characterize the properties of taro starch-based bioplastic reinforced with bicarbonate and modified egg shells as reinforcement, which was manufactured as taro starch film with PVA and glycerol as a plasticizer. Films made of starch have drawbacks, including being mechanically weak, brittle, and having hydrophilic characteristics. This study looked into the bioplastic's XRD, FTIR, thermo mechanical, tensile testing, surface morphology, and moisture absorption in comparison to another bioplastic. According to the results, the film was composed of 4% taro starch, 4% PVA, 2% egg starch, 2% bicarbonate bio filler and plasticizer. The tensile strength of the samples was 92.6 MPa, which was the highest of all the samples. Furthermore, the amount of plasticized and bio fillers added to the taro starch film improved its tensile strength and thermal stability. The maximum water absorption in the films was loaded 45.5% retained. In terms of characterization, spectra of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) functional groups sampled results of OH, NH, CH aliphatic, C = O, C-O, C = C, S = O, and C-Br in the starch/PVA molecules were improved. Temperatures observed by differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) taro starch/PVA with bio filler for TS1-31 and TS1-32 Tg results from 113–131°C, Tc results from 138–156°C, and Tm results from 186–194°C, respectively, for all samples of BP film containing 4% taro. To the best of our knowledge, no investigation like this has ever been conducted. In general, the production of bio plastics can be substituted with a combination of starches from two separate sources.
Dose pulmonary hemorrhage increase the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very low birth weight infants?
Authors: Pan Jing-jing , Tong Mei-ling , Jing Wang , Zhou Xiao-yu , cheng rui , Yang Yang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the association between pulmonary hemorrhage and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs).
Methods: The study participants were all VLBW newborns admitted from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021. The finally included subjects were VLBWIs who survived to discharge. This study was divided into pulmonary hemorrhage group (PH group, n=33) and non-pulmonary hemorrhage group (Non-PH group, n=181).
Results: By univariate analysis it was found that premature rupture of membranes, tracheal intubation in the delivery room, duration of mechanical ventilation, course of invasive ventilation (≥3 courses), pulmonary surfactant (>1 dose), medically and surgically treated patent ductus arteriosus, grade III-IV RDS, and early onset sepsis showed significant differences between groups (p<0.05). By univariate analysis, pulmonary hemorrhagedid not increase the risks of BPD and moderate to severe BPD. However, if the interference of invasive ventilation is excluded, pulmonary hemorrhage could increase the incidence of BPD (aOR=3.295, 95%CI1.183-9.179).
Conclusion: Our data suggests that pulmonary hemorrhage is not associated with the development of BPD and moderate to severe BPD in VLBWIs.
Homogeneous Regions of Precipitation Trends Across the Amazon River Basin, Determined From the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre - GPCC
Authors: Filho David Figueiredo Ferreira , Pessoa Francisco Carlos Lira 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Spatiotemporal patterns of precipitation are influenced by complex interactions between climate and land cover changes, such as deforestation, fires and droughts. The Amazon River Basin has local and global impacts in regard to the hydrological cycle; therefore, it is fundamental to understand how precipitation patterns and intensity are changing. The aim of this study was to analyze precipitation trends and form homogeneous regions of precipitation trends in the Amazon River Basin using data from the meteorological satellite Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC), applying nonparametric methods (Mann-Kendall, Spearman and Sen's slope) and fuzzy C-means to identify specific regions that are undergoing changes in hydrological patterns. The results show changes in the behavior of rainfall over time and in the intensity of the events. The statistics applied to form clusters resulted in 6 well-divided homogeneous groups, each with unique characteristics. Specifically, the central-southern areas of the basin showed negative precipitation trends (-1.17 mm/year) forming a homogeneous region (RH 1), while in the northern region, there was an increasing trend in precipitation (2.73 mm/year). In general, over the 37 years studied, the wet areas have tended to become wetter and the dry areas drier. Other homogeneous regions had their own results and unique characteristics, which are in agreement with other studies, such as those in Porto Velho, Rondônia, where this area had a diagonal pattern of precipitation decrease.
Radar emitter threat evaluation based on the algorithm involving behavioral characteristics and BiasSVD
Authors: Jundi Wang , Xing Wang , junmei Feng , Yuanrong Tian , You Chen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In order to minimize the impact of errors and uncertainties that arise from signals received by reconnaissance equipment and airborne radar on emitter threat evaluation, to reduce such evaluation’s dependence on parameters, and to predict better the extent to which an air-battle target is posing a threat, the paper examined the radar emitter and dynamic characteristics of a target from a behavioral perspective using data-fusion-based emitter threat evaluation. It was followed by a shift from the concrete description of a complicated air-battle situation to an abstract one, and the proposed algorithm’s fault tolerance increased. With that, a threat assessment system built on behavioral characteristics was established. Under that system, we calculated the membership of each sub-behavior indicator’s vague dataset, optimized threat evaluation weights using the dynamic variable weight method, and computed the threat value with an improved radar chart. This was how an emitter threat was swiftly and accurately assessed. As to failures to precisely evaluate the threat of a target due to a lack of needed information for it being beyond the scope of an aircraft warning device or a radar receiver, we, in this paper, employed the collaborative filtering algorithm and predicted the threat degree in the case of non-existence of emitter behavior or existence of a target escaping radar detection by analyzing the situational environment of other fighter aircraft in the same airspace.
Evaluating impact of Nd:YAG laser associated defects on optical quality of hydrophilic and hydrophobic intraocular lenses using visualization of light propagation and USAF test targets.
Authors: Borkenstein Andreas F , Borkenstein Eva-Maria , Omidi Pooria , Langenbucher Achim 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
Neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser capsulotomy is a well-accepted, safe, and effective measure in the treatment of posterior capsule opacification. However, iatrogenic intraocular lens damage (YAG-pit/YAG-shot)) is a relatively common side effect that happens due to inappropriate focusing during the procedure. The purpose of this experimental study is to analyze the impact of YAG-pits on the optical bench to obtain qualitative information.
Methods:
Acrylic, monofocal hydrophilic and hydrophobic intraocular lenses (IOLs) with 6.0mm optic and the with the same power (21D) were studied. First, all measurements were done with unmodified IOLs. Damage was intentionally created, performing YAG-pits (n=5) in the central area of the lens optic (3.0mm) using a photodisruption laser with the same energy level of 1.8mJ. To simulate the cruciate pattern, the 5 defects were created in a cross shape within the 3.0mm optical zone. Afterwards, all laboratory measurements were repeated: These included the United States Air Force (USAF) resolution test chart to study the imaging performance of the IOL, light field measurements to show the course of the rays behind the IOL and the modulation transfer function (MTF) measurements were analysed.
Results:
Evaluating USAF showed that unmodified lenses produced a sharper image. Damaged lenses led to a more blurred image and to the impression of a lower contrast with a kind of halo/glare effect. The light field measurement showed that YAG-pits led to a kind of dispersion and scattering effect, which was higher in hydrophobic IOLs. The MTF showed a deterioration in damaged hydrophilic and hydrophobic IOLs, respectively.
Conclusion:
Our experimental study confirms that YAG-pits can reduce imaging quality of intraocular lenses. These defects behave as a new Huygens source, distribute a spherical wave that additionally illuminate the background of the USAF target. It can be assumed that material properties of the IOL (water content, refractive index) play an important role and affect results. The impact level is strongly dependent on the number, size and position of YAG-pits within the optic. Limitation of the study: only monofocal IOLs have been investigated so far, further tests with various lenses are necessary. In addition, tests to simulate the circular pattern of YAG capsulotomy are necessary.
Weak-value-amplification enhancement of the Magneto-optical Kerr effect in nanoscale layered structures
Authors: Huang Jing-Hui , Lundeen J. S. , Dada Adetunmise C. , Jordan Kyle M. , Wang Guang-Jun , Hu Xiang-Yun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The achievement of the larger Magneto-optical Kerr rotations in nanoscale layered structures is extremely important for both theoretical understandings and practical applications. In this paper, we propose a scheme for simultaneously detecting the Kerr rotation and the Kerr ellipticity based on the weak-value amplification (WVA) technique. In the Magneto-optical Kerr effect study for the layered structure, the Kerr rotation and the Kerr ellipticity are obtained by calculating the boundary matrix and the transmission matrix of the layered structure. Then, the Kerr rotation and the Kerr ellipticity can be effectively amplified as the parameters of the pre-selection in the standard weak measurement. In addition, we numerically investigate the dependence of the thickness d of Co in the nanoscale layered structure HfO2 (10~nm)/Co(d nm)/ HfO2 (30 nm)/Al(40 nm)Si films and the Co(d nm)Si films at the measurement range of 5 nm < d < 50 nm. Simulation results confirmed that the Kerr rotation and the Kerr ellipticity can be effectively amplified by choosing the appropriate post-selected state, especially when the nanoscale layered structure shows no advantage for enhancing Kerr signals over the Co(d nm)/Si films without the weak-value-amplification technique. The realization of enhancement of Kerr signals in a nanoscale layered structure may have an important application in the magneto-optic (MO) parameters measurement and the MO properties in a more complex nanoscale structure.
Modulating the Assembly of Egg Yolk Granule-based Delivery Systems using NaCl: Physicochemical Properties and Curcumin Bioactivity
Authors: Li Teng , Su Huanhuan , Zhu Jiaqian , McClements David Julian , Fu Yuying 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated the potential of yolk granules for the encapsulation and delivery of lipophilic bioactive compounds. In this work, by modulating reassembly of granules using NaCl, curcumin was successfully encapsulated in reassembled granules, resulting in formation of nanoparticles (Gra-Cur NPs). It has been found that curcumin was mainly bound to the granules through hydrophobic interactions. The encapsulated curcumin was in an amorphous state. The Gra-Cur NPs exhibited good dilution, storage, and thermal stabilities. The UV-light stability of curcumin was significantly improved after encapsulation. The encapsulated curcumin had similar or better free radical scavenging activity than curcumin dissolved in organic solvent. The anti-proliferation activity against HT-29 cells of encapsulated curcumin was higher than that of curcumin dissolved in DMSO. The encapsulated curcumin also had better bioavailability, as shown by an Caco-2 cell model. The findings of this study may facilitate the design, fabrication, and application of granule-based delivery systems.