bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Who can receive the pass? A computational model for quantifying availability in soccer
Authors: Dick Uwe , Link Daniel , Brefeld Ulf 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe paper presents a computational approach to Availability of soccer players. Availability is defined as the probability that a pass reaches the target player without being intercepted by opponents. Clearly, a computational model for this probability grounds on models for ball dynamics, player movements, and technical skills of the pass giver. Our approach aggregates these quantities for all possible passes to the target player to compute a single Availability value. Empirically, our approach outperforms state-of-the-art competitors using data from 58 professional soccer matches. Moreover, our experiments indicate that the model can even outperform soccer coaches in assessing the availability of soccer players from static images.
On equivalence of cyclic and dihedral zero-divisor codes having nilpotents of nilpotency degree two as generators
Authors: Ong Kai Lin , Ang Miin Huey 
Published: March 2022

AbstractZero-divisor codes are codes constructed using group rings where their generators are zero-divisors. Generally, zero-divisor codes can be equivalent despite their associated groups are non-isomorphic, leading to the proposed conjecture “Every dihedral zero-divisor code has an equivalent form of cyclic zero-divisor code”. This paper is devoted to study equivalence of zero-divisor codes in $$F_2G$$

F
2

G

having generators from the 2-nilradical of $$F_2G$$

F
2

G

, consisting of all nilpotents of nilpotency degree 2 of $$F_2G$$

F
2

G

. Essentially, algebraic structures of 2-nilradicals are first studied in general for both commutative and non-commutative $$F_2G$$

F
2

G

before specialized into the case when G is cyclic and dihedral. Then, results are used to study the conjecture above in the cases where the codes generators are from their respective 2-nilradicals.
Toward Synergizing Educational Research and Movement Sciences: a Dialogue on Learning as Developing Perception for Action
Authors: Abrahamson Dor , Mechsner Franz 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
What could possibly be a meaningful conversation between educational researchers and movement scientists? Curiously, they have much in common. Both groups of researchers increasingly (1) appreciate the human capacity to enact perceptually guided movement as an overarching psychological model of thinking, problem-solving, and learning; (2) theorize the development of perceptual structures, including actual and imaginary percepts, as a key epistemic vehicle for solving motor-control problems; and (3) promote a view of abstract thinking as movement-grounded and movement-oriented perceptual dynamics. Probing toward theoretical synergy between these traditionally disparate fields of research, the present article is built as an interdisciplinary conversation between two researchers—of mathematics education and movement science, respectively—who become aware of their intellectual alignment, garner new insights and inspirations from each other’s work, and speculate on implications of this concordance for their fields. Future exploration into the unity of movement and cognition could enrich dialogue between manifold disciplines, with the overall goal of clarifying, developing, and integrating an interdisciplinary common foundation and framework for the benefit of education.
On the Interplay of Data and Cognitive Bias in Crisis Information Management
Authors: Paulus David , Fathi Ramian , Fiedrich Frank , de Walle Bartel Van , Comes Tina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHumanitarian crises, such as the 2014 West Africa Ebola epidemic, challenge information management and thereby threaten the digital resilience of the responding organizations. Crisis information management (CIM) is characterised by the urgency to respond despite the uncertainty of the situation. Coupled with high stakes, limited resources and a high cognitive load, crises are prone to induce biases in the data and the cognitive processes of analysts and decision-makers. When biases remain undetected and untreated in CIM, they may lead to decisions based on biased information, increasing the risk of an inefficient response. Literature suggests that crisis response needs to address the initial uncertainty and possible biases by adapting to new and better information as it becomes available. However, we know little about whether adaptive approaches mitigate the interplay of data and cognitive biases. We investigated this question in an exploratory, three-stage experiment on epidemic response. Our participants were experienced practitioners in the fields of crisis decision-making and information analysis. We found that analysts fail to successfully debias data, even when biases are detected, and that this failure can be attributed to undervaluing debiasing efforts in favor of rapid results. This failure leads to the development of biased information products that are conveyed to decision-makers, who consequently make decisions based on biased information. Confirmation bias reinforces the reliance on conclusions reached with biased data, leading to a vicious cycle, in which biased assumptions remain uncorrected. We suggest mindful debiasing as a possible counter-strategy against these bias effects in CIM.
A Hierarchical Geodesic Model for Longitudinal Analysis on Manifolds
Authors: Nava-Yazdani Esfandiar , Hege Hans-Christian , von Tycowicz Christoph 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn many applications, geodesic hierarchical models are adequate for the study of temporal observations. We employ such a model derived for manifold-valued data to Kendall’s shape space. In particular, instead of the Sasaki metric, we adapt a functional-based metric, which increases the computational efficiency and does not require the implementation of the curvature tensor. We propose the corresponding variational time discretization of geodesics and employ the approach for longitudinal analysis of 2D rat skulls shapes as well as 3D shapes derived from an imaging study on osteoarthritis. Particularly, we perform hypothesis test and estimate the mean trends.
Intermarriage on Subjective Social Status and Spousal Dissimilarity in Life Satisfaction of Co-resident Heterosexual South African Couples
Authors: Booysen Frederik , Botha Ferdi , Guvuriro Sevias 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study is to determine how intermarriage on subjective social status is associated with spousal dissimilarity in life satisfaction in co-resident heterosexual couples in South Africa. We apply fixed effect ordered logit regression models to a sample of 8652 married and cohabiting dyads constructed from the longitudinal and nationally representative South African National Income Dynamics Study. We find no spousal dissimilarity in overall life satisfaction under pure homogamy. In wife advantaged and currently hypogamic relationships females are more satisfied with life than their male partners, whereas the opposite is observed in husband advantaged and currently hypergamic relationships as well as in wife exchanges. Intermarriage on subjective social status may put marriages and relationships at risk of dissolution due to its association with spousal dissimilarity in overall life satisfaction. Further research is required to present a more complete and integrated account of how spousal dissimilarity in subjective well-being may mediate the impact of intermarriage on the dissolution of unions and relationships.
Surrogate models of radiative transfer codes for atmospheric trace gas retrievals from satellite observations
Authors: Brence Jure , Tanevski Jovan , Adams Jennifer , Malina Edward , Džeroski Sašo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInversion of radiative transfer models (RTMs) is key to interpreting satellite observations of air quality and greenhouse gases, but is computationally expensive. Surrogate models that emulate the full forward physical RTM can speed up the simulation, reducing computational and timing costs and allowing the use of more advanced physics for trace gas retrievals. In this study, we present the development of surrogate models for two RTMs: the RemoTeC algorithm using the LINTRAN RTM and the SCIATRAN RTM. We estimate the intrinsic dimensionality of the input and output spaces and embed them in lower dimensional subspaces to facilitate the learning task. Two methods are tested for dimensionality reduction, autoencoders and principle component analysis (PCA), with PCA consistently outperforming autoencoders. Different sampling methods are employed for generating the training datasets: sampling focused on expected atmospheric parameters and latin hypercube sampling. The results show that models trained on the smaller (n = 1000) uniformly sampled dataset can perform as well as those trained on the larger (n = 50000), more focused dataset. Surrogate models for both datasets are able to accurately emulate Sentinel 5P spectra within a millisecond or less, as compared to the minutes or hours needed to simulate the full physical model. The SCIATRAN-trained forward surrogate models are able to generalize the emulation to a broader set of parameters and can be used for less constrained applications, while achieving a normalized RMSE of 7.3%. On the other hand, models trained on the LINTRAN dataset can completely replace the RTM simulation in more focused expected ranges of atmospheric parameters, as they achieve a normalized RMSE of 0.3%.
Security of medical images for telemedicine: a systematic review
Authors: Magdy Mahmoud , Hosny Khalid M. , Ghali Neveen I. , Ghoniemy Said 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRecently, there has been a rapid growth in the utilization of medical images in telemedicine applications. The authors in this paper presented a detailed discussion of different types of medical images and the attacks that may affect medical image transmission. This survey paper summarizes existing medical data security approaches and the different challenges associated with them. An in-depth overview of security techniques, such as cryptography, steganography, and watermarking are introduced with a full survey of recent research. The objective of the paper is to summarize and assess the different algorithms of each approach based on different parameters such as PSNR, MSE, BER, and NC.
Hydrogenation and isomerization of propenylbenzene isomers over Pt/alumina
Authors: Bansal Aman , Jackson S. David 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe hydrogenation and isomerization of the three isomeric propenylbenzenes, allylbenzene (AB), trans-β-methylstyrene (TBMS) and cis-β-methylstyrene (CBMS), in the liquid phase, was investigated over a 1% Pt/alumina catalyst at 313 K and 1 barg. When reacted individually, the cis-isomer gave the fastest rate of hydrogenation followed by AB, with the trans-isomer having the slowest rate giving a ratio of rates of CBMS:AB:TBMS of 57:19:1. All isomers gave high selectivity to phenylpropane, with isomerization controlled by thermodynamic constraints. Competitive hydrogenation revealed that AB adsorbed on a different site from CBMS and TBMS and that AB inhibited hydrogenation of the other two isomers. In contrast, isomerization was unaffected. These results indicate that AB adsorption limits the supply of hydrogen to the other isomers such that reductive elimination of the half-hydrogenated alkyl species to the alkane is depressed while β-elimination of the alkyl to give an olefin is not affected.
Time Lag Between Cosmic-Ray and Solar Variability: Sunspot Numbers and Open Solar Magnetic Flux
Authors: Koldobskiy Sergey A. , Kähkönen Riikka , Hofer Bernhard , Krivova Natalie A. , Kovaltsov Gennady A. , Usoskin Ilya G. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSolar magnetic activity drives the dominant 11-year cyclic variability of different space environmental indices, but they can be delayed with respect to the original variations due to the different physical processes involved. Here, we analyzed the pairwise time lags between three global solar and heliospheric indices: sunspot numbers (SSN), representing the solar surface magnetic activity, the open solar flux (OSF), representing the heliospheric magnetic variability, and the galactic cosmic-ray (GCR) intensity near Earth, using the standard cross-correlation and the more detailed wavelet-coherence methods. All the three indices appear highly coherent at a timescale longer than a few years with persistent high coherence at the timescale of the 11-year solar cycle. The GCR variability is delayed with respect to the inverted SSN by about eight 27-day Bartels rotations on average, but the delay varies greatly with the 22-year cycle, being shorter or longer around positive $A+$
A
+
or negative $A-$
A
−
solar polarity epochs, respectively. The 22-year cyclicity of the time lag is determined by the global heliospheric drift effects, in agreement with theoretical models. The OSF lags by about one year behind SSN, and is likely determined by a combination of the short lifetime of active regions and a longer (≈3 years) transport time of the surface magnetic field to the poles. GCRs covary nearly in antiphase with the OSF, also depicting a strong 22-year cycle in the delay, confirming that the OSF is a good index of the heliospheric modulation of GCRs. This provides an important observational constraint for solar and heliospheric physics.
Do investors penalize the firms disclosing higher environmental performance? a cross cultural evidence
Authors: Qureshi Muhammad Azeem , Ahsan Tanveer 
Published: March 2022

AbstractClimate change discourse integrates 3Ps – people, planet, and profit. However, we do not find any empirical study that integrates 3Ps. Therefore, using a large global panel dataset from 46 countries, this study intends to fill this gap by providing empirical evidence about investors’ value proposition of corporate climate performance in different cultural environments. The results show that Hofstede’s cultural dimensions affect corporate climate performance and its market pricing. We find that in cultures with high power distance, low individualism, high masculinity, high uncertainty avoidance, high long-term orientation, and high restraint, the investors generally penalize the firms disclosing higher environmental performance. Strangely enough, corporate waste production is universally value irrelevant. Our results indicate some policy implications.
Methodology to address potential impacts of plastic emissions in life cycle assessment
Authors: Maga Daniel , Galafton Christina , Blömer Jan , Thonemann Nils , Özdamar Aybüke , Bertling Jürgen 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Products made of plastic often appear to have lower environmental impacts than alternatives. However, present life cycle assessments (LCA) do not consider possible risks caused by the emission of plastics into the environment. Following the precautionary principle, we propose characterization factors (CFs) for plastic emissions allowing to calculate impacts of plastic pollution measured in plastic pollution equivalents, based on plastics’ residence time in the environment.

Methods and materials
The method addresses the definition and quantification of plastic emissions in LCA and estimates their fate in the environment based on their persistence. According to our approach, the fate is mainly influenced by the environmental compartment the plastic is initially emitted to, its redistribution to other compartments, and its degradation speed. The latter depends on the polymer type’s specific surface degradation rate (SSDR), the emission’s shape, and its characteristic length. The SSDRs are derived from an extensive literature review. Since the data quality of the SSDR and redistribution rates varies, an uncertainty assessment is carried out based on the pedigree matrix approach. To quantify the fate factor (FF), we calculate the area below the degradation curve of an emission and call it residence time $${\tau }_{R}$$

τ
R

.

Results and discussion
The results of our research include degradation measurements (SSDRs) retrieved from literature, a surface-driven degradation model, redistribution patterns, FFs based on the residence time, and an uncertainty analysis of the suggested FFs. Depending on the applied time horizon, the values of the FFs range from near zero to values greater than 1000 for different polymer types, size classes, shapes, and initial compartments. Based on the comparison of the compartment-specific FFs with the total compartment-weighted FFs, the polymer types can be grouped into six clusters. The proposed FFs can be used as CFs which can be further developed by integrating the probability of the exposure of humans or organisms to the plastic emission (exposure factor) and for the impacts of plastics on species (effect factor).

Conclusions

The proposed methodology is intended to support (plastic) product designers, for example, regarding materials’ choice, and can serve as a first proxy to estimate potential risks caused by plastic emissions. Besides, the FFs can be used to develop new CFs, which can be linked to one or more existing impact categories, such as human toxicity or ecotoxicity, or new impact categories addressing, for example, potential risks caused by entanglement.
Wie hängt die Berufserfahrung mit der Bereitschaft zur Teilnahme an Fortbildungen zusammen? Eine empirische Analyse zur generellen Fortbildungsmotivation von Lehrpersonen
Authors: Hauk Dennis , Gröschner Alexander , Rzejak Daniela , Lipowsky Frank , Zehetner Gabriele , Schöftner Thomas , Waid Albin 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Studie untersucht die generelle Fortbildungsmotivation von Lehrkräften aus einer berufsbiografischen Perspektive. Hierzu wurden 400 Lehrkräfte einer österreichischen Einrichtung der Lehrerbildung schriftlich zur generellen Fortbildungsmotivation und Berufserfahrung befragt. Die Ergebnisse machen deutlich, dass Lehrpersonen mit zunehmender Berufserfahrung eine geringere Fortbildungsmotivation besitzen. Signifikante Unterschiede zeigen sich für drei Facetten der Fortbildungsmotivation (Externale Erwartungsanpassung, Karriereorientierung und Entwicklungsorientierung). Fortbildungsteilnahmen, die mit dem Wunsch nach Sozialer Interaktion begründet werden, wurden demgegenüber als stabile und erfahrungsunabhängige Facette der Fortbildungsmotivation identifiziert. Die Ergebnisse werden im Kontext des lebenslangen beruflichen Lernens von Lehrpersonen und der Gestaltung von Fortbildungsveranstaltungen diskutiert.
Acaricidal Efficacy of Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Against Hyalomma dromedarii (Acari: Ixodidae) and Their Toxic Effects on Swiss Albino Mice
Authors: Abdel-Ghany Hoda S. M. , Abdel-Shafy Sobhy , Abuowarda Mai M. , El-Khateeb Rabab M. , Hoballah Essam M. , Fahmy Magdy M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The current study aimed to investigate the efficacy of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) synthesized by Melia azedarach aqueous extract to control Hyalomma dromedarii tick, and to evaluate their toxic effects on Swiss albino mice.

Methods
ZnO NPs were synthesized using M. azedarach aqueous extract. UV–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy were used to characterize the synthesized NPs. Egg, nymph, larva, and adult immersion tests were used for bioassay of tick stages with the synthesized ZnO NP. A toxicity study was performed on Swiss albino mice after treatment with 1/10 of the oral LD50 of ZnO NPs (8437 mg/kg) for 5 successive days by oral gavage.

Results
The LC50 of ZnO NPs on the eggs, larvae, and nymphs was 11.6, 8.03, and 3.9 mg/ml, respectively. The reproductive performance of females treated with ZnO NPs was lower than that of untreated females. The hematological results showed an insignificant increase in the level of white blood cells with normal red blood cells, hemoglobin, in addition to normal platelet count. The biochemical analysis showed an insignificant increased level (P > 0.05) of alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase. The liver and kidney suffered few histopathological changes after oral administration of ZnO NPs.

Conclusion
These results suggest that ZnO NPs have good acaricidal activity against eggs, larvae, and engorged nymphs of H. dromedarii. ZnO NPs minimized the number of eggs laid by engorged females and the hatchability of their eggs. ZnO NPs did not affect unfed adults. The toxicity results of the mice revealed insignificant changes in the hemogram, biochemistry, with liver and kidney suffering few histopathological changes. Future studies are needed to assess application routes (topical vs oral). Based on these findings, ZnO NPs may be incorporated in the control of camel tick H. dromedarii.
Trojan horse or useful helper? A relationship perspective on artificial intelligence assistants with humanlike features
Authors: Uysal Ertugrul , Alavi Sascha , Bezençon Valéry 
Published: March 2022

AbstractArtificial intelligence assistants (AIAs) such as Alexa are prevalent in consumers’ homes. Owing to their powerful artificial intelligence, consumers may perceive that AIAs have a mind of their own, that is, they anthropomorphize them. Past marketing research points to beneficial effects of AIA anthropomorphism for consumers and companies, while potential harmful effects have not been empirically explored. In examining both beneficial and harmful effects, this paper adopts a relationship perspective. Indeed, consumers spend large amounts of time with their AIAs, potentially developing a relationship over time that builds on an exchange of benefits and (psychological) costs. A preliminary survey and user interviews, a field study and a field experiment with AIA users show that AIA anthropomorphism may threaten users’ identity, which disempowers them, creates data privacy concerns and ultimately undermines their well-being. These harmful effects particularly emerge in close, long relationships. The field experiment uncovers three empowering interventions which attenuate harmful effects of AIA anthropomorphism in relationships with consumers. With AI-powered technologies taking larger roles in our daily lives, our research highlights key future directions to investigate the permanent ongoing nature of the consumer–AI relationships.