bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crisis communication and learning: the US higher education’s response to a global pandemic
Authors: Islam Khairul , Edwards America L. , Shi Duli , Lim JungKyu Rhys , Sheppard Ronisha , Liu Brooke Fisher , Seeger Matthew W. 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
This study investigates the processes that the US universities and colleges used to learn during the COVID-19 pandemic and the factors that facilitated and impeded their learning processes.

Design/methodology/approach
To address this study’s research questions, this study used a crisis communication and learning lens to interview crisis response team members from 30 US higher education institutions in May 2020 (the first pandemic semester). In October 2020 (the second pandemic semester), this study conducted follow-up interviews with 25 of the original interviewees. Overall, this study conducted 55 interviews.

Findings
Learning during the COVID-19 pandemic is facilitated by a recognition of a serious deficiency in the current system and impeded by the need to act quickly. The findings demonstrate the process by which decisions, actions and strategies emerged during crises.

Originality/value
This investigation illustrates how crises can prompt organizational learning while demonstrating the critical role of internal and external resources in the learning process.
The influence of seabirds on their breeding, roosting and nesting grounds: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Grant Megan L. , Bond Alexander L. , Lavers Jennifer L. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Seabird species world‐wide are integral to both marine and terrestrial environments, connecting the two systems by transporting vast quantities of marine‐derived nutrients and pollutants to terrestrial breeding, roosting and nesting grounds via the deposition of guano and other allochthonous inputs (e.g. eggs, feathers).

We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis and provide insight into what types of nutrients and pollutants seabirds are transporting, the influence these subsidies are having on recipient environments, with a particular focus on soil, and what may happen if seabird populations decline.

The addition of guano to colony soils increased nutrient levels compared to control soils for all seabirds studied, with cascading positive effects observed across a range of habitats. Deposited guano sometimes led to negative impacts, such as guanotrophication, or guano‐induced eutrophication, which was often observed where there was an excess of guano or in areas with high seabird densities.

While the literature describing nutrients transported by seabirds is extensive, literature regarding pollutant transfer is comparatively limited, with a focus on toxic and bioaccumulative metals. Research on persistent organic pollutants and plastics transported by seabirds is likely to increase in coming years.

Studies were limited geographically, with hotspots of research activity in a few locations, but data were lacking from large regions around the world. Studies were also limited to seabird species listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List. As seabird populations are impacted by multiple threats and steep declines have been observed for many species world‐wide, gaps in the literature are particularly concerning. The loss of seabirds will impact nutrient cycling at localized levels and potentially on a global scale as well, yet it is unknown what may truly happen to areas that rely on seabirds if these populations disappear.
Dose‐dependent glucosuria of DWP16001, a novel selective sodium–glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitor, in healthy subjects
Authors: Hwang Jun Gi , Lee SeungHwan , Huh Wan , Han Jumi , Oh Jaeseong , Jang In‐Jin , Yu Kyung‐Sang 
Published: April 2022

AimsDWP16001 is a novel sodium–glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitor under development for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study was conducted to evaluate the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety of DWP16001 after single and multiple doses in healthy subjects.MethodsA randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐ and active‐controlled, single‐ and multiple‐dose study was conducted. Twelve subjects in each dose group received a single dose (0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 or 5.0 mg) or multiple doses (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 mg once daily for 15 consecutive days) of DWP16001, dapagliflozin 10 mg or placebo at a ratio of 8:2:2. Serial blood and interval urine samples were collected for the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analyses. The safety and tolerability of DWP16001 were also assessed.ResultsA dose‐dependent increase in the urinary glucose excretion was observed after a single dose, and the steady state urinary glucose excretion was 50–60 g/d after multiple doses in the dose range of 0.3–2.0 mg. DWP16001 was rapidly absorbed with the time to peak plasma concentration of 1.0–3.0 hours, and it exhibited a mean elimination half‐life of 13–29 hours. The systemic exposure to DWP16001 increased proportionally with multiple dose administrations in the range of 0.1–2.0 mg. DWP16001 was well tolerated in all dose groups.ConclusionDWP16001 induced glucosuria in a dose‐dependent manner, and systemic exposure was observed after multiple doses. DWP16001 was well tolerated in single oral doses of up to 5.0 mg and in multiple oral doses of up to 2.0 mg.
Stingless bees (Apidae: Meliponini) at risk in western Mexico
Authors: Reyes‐Gonzalez Alejandro , Mora Francisco , Porter‐Boland Luciana , Ramírez M. Isabel , del‐Val Ek 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe current global pollinator crisis highlights the need to investigate the diversity and distribution of ecologically and socially relevant taxa such as tropical stingless bees. We analyzed the diversity and composition of stingless bee (Meliponini) communities at a regional scale in west‐central Mexico using an extensive direct search along an altitudinal gradient encompassing different climate and vegetation types. Our hypothesis was that meliponine bee diversity would be greater in tropical warmer. We found a total of 14 meliponine bee species, including two new records for the region. We identified three types of bee assemblages: one in hot lowland climates with tropical dry forest vegetation, one in temperate highland climates with mixed oak‐pine forest vegetation, and one in the warm ecotone with mixed subdeciduous forest vegetation between the hot and temperate zones. As expected, the lowland assemblage in the tropical dry forest vegetation had the greatest diversity (11 species). In the warm ecotone, meliponine species from temperate highlands and hot lowland habitats converged; this region should therefore be considered a high conservation priority area. Fifty percent of the meliponine bees found are endemic and have a very low incidence, suggesting that their populations may be endangered. Given the extensive and ongoing change of land use to avocado plantations in the warm ecotone and temperate highlands with mixed oak‐pine forest vegetation cover, specific conservation plans should be generated to conserve the natural ecosystems and this important native pollinator group.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
Use of rivaroxaban attenuates renal function impairment in patients with atrial fibrillation: insights of the EMIR study
Authors: López‐Gálvez Raquel , Rivera‐Caravaca José Miguel , Anguita Sánchez Manuel , Sanmartín Fernández Marcelo , Rafols Carles , Pérez‐Cabeza Alejandro Isidoro , Barón Esquivias Gonzalo , Lekuona Goya Iñaki , Vázquez Rodríguez José Manuel , Cosín Sales Juan , Arribas Ynsaurriaga Fernando , Barrios Vivencio , Freixa‐Pamias Román , Marín Francisco 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn atrial fibrillation (AF) patients on vitamin K antagonists, a progressive deterioration of renal function is common but there is limited evidence with long‐term use of rivaroxaban. Herein, we investigated the change in renal function in AF patients after 2 years of rivaroxaban treatment.MethodsThe EMIR registry is an observational and multicentre study including AF patients treated with rivaroxaban for at least 6 months prior to inclusion. Changes in analytical parameters were recorded during 2 years of follow‐up. Renal function was estimated using the Cockroft‐Gault equation.Results1433 patients (638, 44.5% women, mean age of 74.2 ± 9.7 years) were included. Creatinine clearance (CrCl) was available at baseline and at 2 years in 1085 patients. At inclusion, 33.2% of patients had impaired renal function (CrCl <60 ml/min). At 2 years, we were not able to find changes in the proportion of patients with impaired renal function, which increased to 34.6% (p = 0.290). However, the baseline mean CrCl was 76.0 ± 30.5 ml/min and slightly improved at 2 years (77.0 ± 31.8 ml/min; p = 0.014). Overall, the proportion of patients with CrCl <60 ml/min at baseline that had CrCl ≥60 ml/min at 2 years was significantly higher compared to that of patients with CrCl ≥60 ml/min at baseline and CrCl <60 ml/min after (22.2% vs. 13.1%; p < 0.001)ConclusionsIn AF patients on long‐term rivaroxaban therapy, a decrease in renal function was not observed. We even observed a slight improvement in the patients with renal impairment. These results reinforce the idea that rivaroxaban may be a safe option even in patients with renal impairment.
Revisiting the East‐West advancement flap: great for multiple anatomic locations
Authors: Parke Milbrey A. , Powell Emily M. , Cervantes Jose A. , Orengo Ida 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe east‐west advancement flap is a simple flap traditionally used to repair Mohs surgery defects on the nose. We aim to demonstrate this flap can be used with good cosmetic outcome and minimal complications on a variety of anatomical sites.MethodsThis study was a case series of four patients taking place between March 2021 and September 2021 with 4‐ to 6‐week postoperative follow‐up.ResultsFour male patients were included in the study. Repair sites included the helix, chin, wrist, and scalp. All patients and the Mohs surgeon reported satisfaction with the cosmetic outcome at 4‐ to 6‐week postoperative follow‐up with no complications.ConclusionThe east‐west advancement flap is a viable repair option for Mohs surgery defects on a variety of anatomical sites.
Case report of rescue of a patient with COVID‐19 and shock after holmium laser lithotripsy
Authors: Qu Jiachun , Xu Kui 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLithotripsy is the primary form of treatment for ureteral calculus. According to clinical data, ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URSL) is characterized by better efficacy, a lower risk of complications, and a quicker postoperative recovery, when compared with open surgery. However, elderly patients often have a variety of chronic diseases that can directly or indirectly influence intraoperative care and postoperative recovery. It is important that medical staff closely observe changes in the postoperative condition of patients and provide them with the best quality care. In order to control the progression of disease and reduce mortality rates, it is very important to promptly eliminate the cause of shock, supplement blood volume, and correct cardiovascular disorders. During the pandemic caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), there has been a significant focus on management, predominantly operating rooms but also intensive care units (ICUs), to ensure that hospitals can provide prompt and effective diagnosis and treatment for every patient with COVID‐19 and also prevent the spread of the virus and guarantee the safety of medical staff. During surgery on patients suspected of having COVID‐19, it is important that specific personnel take control of the designated work and implement three strict levels of protection to prevent the transmission of the virus by air, droplets, and personal contact. Attention should be paid to the transfer of patients, the protection of medical staff, the management and control of negative pressure operation rooms, and postoperative treatment, thereby ensuring the safety of patients and medical staff. In this case report, we describe the nursing experience of rescuing a patient with COVID‐19 who developed septic shock following flexible ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy. The causes of septic shock were subsequently examined to inform a new protective strategy for rescuing patients with COVID‐19 in the operating room and ICU, and to prevent and control cross‐infection with the virus during surgery.
Delayed medical care and its perceived health impact among US older adults during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Zhong Selena , Huisingh‐Scheetz Megan , Huang Elbert S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundMedical care delivery has been substantially disrupted during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, leading to delays in medical care, particularly among older adults. Less is known about how these delays have affected different segments of this population. Understanding the negative health consequences older adults face from delayed care will provide critical insights into the longer‐term population health needs following the pandemic.MethodsWe used data from a COVID‐19 substudy embedded in a nationally representative longitudinal study of older adults, the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project. Data were collected between September 14, 2020, and January 27, 2021. Two thousand six hundred seventy‐two individuals responded to the survey. Using logistic and multinomial logistic regressions, we determined respondent‐level characteristics associated with delayed medical care, experiencing a negative impact on physical health from delayed care, and with reporting worsening physical health during the pandemic.ResultsNearly, one‐third (32.8%) of older adults reported delayed medical care during the pandemic. Female sex, higher levels of education, greater concerns about the pandemic, and poorer self‐rated physical health were associated with delayed medical care. Blacks and those who are 70 and older were less likely to report delayed care. Among those whose care was delayed, 76.5% reported having already recovered delayed care. Nearly one in five (17.6%) reported that delayed care negatively affected their health. Older adults with worse self‐rated physical and mental health or who had not fully recovered delayed care were more likely to report perceived negative health impacts from the delay. Regardless of delayed medical care, 10.2% reported worse physical health during the pandemic.ConclusionsOne‐third of older adults experienced care delays during the pandemic. Despite high rates of care recovery, nearly one in five older adults who experienced delayed care reported being negatively affected. Strategies must be developed to reach these vulnerable patients to increase their healthcare utilization.
Patterns and impacting factors of gene evolutionary rate between wild and cultivated emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum)
Authors: Lei Peng-Zheng , Ai Qi , Xiong Zhu-Pei , Lu Jia‐Nan , Wei Xiu-Lan , Song Weining , Liu Xiao-Qin , Nie Xiao-Jun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTetraploid emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum L., BBAA) is the founder progenitor of bread wheat, providing the valuable genetic resource and gene pool for wheat improvement. However, the evolutionary trajectory of tetraploid wheat, especially the evolutionary fate of different types of genes has not been well studied. In this study, the rate of non‐synonymous substitution (dN) and synonymous substitution (dS) was calculated by comparing the orthologs between the wild emmer and cultivated durum wheat at the whole genome and subgenome levels to obtain the positively selected genes (PSGs) and negatively selected genes (NSGs). Then, mutation rate, gene length, exon number, GC content, codon bias, and expression level were comprehensively investigated and compared between the PSGs and NSGs. Within both wild emmer and cultivated durum wheat, PSGs between A and B subgenome displayed shorter gene and exon lengths as well as fewer exon numbers compared with NSGs, whereas from wild emmer to cultivated durum wheat, PSGs showed longer gene length and more exon numbers. Furthermore, PSGs displayed much higher expression levels and stronger codon usage bias, but lower genetic diversity compared with NSGs. Finally, two PSGs TdER1‐6B, and TdLC7‐2A, were found to play the crucial roles in regulating grain width and plant height of tetraploid wheat, respectively. This study systematically investigated the evolutionary, structural, and functional difference between PSGs and NSGs in tetraploid wheat, which will contribute to a better understanding of the selective mode and evolutionary trajectory during wheat domestication and evolution.
Analysis of ecosystem change recent years based on Ecopath models in the Aoshan Bay ecosystem
Authors: Su Meng , Yang Chaojie , Kong Hao , Wang Lingling 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEcopath model is a snapshot of a particular ecosystem at a time to quickly reflect the real‐time status, characteristics and nutritional relationships of remaining systems in the water. Based on Aoshan Bay fishery resource data collected in 2006, 2013 and 2018, Ecopath models of the Aoshan Bay ecosystem were constructed for these 3 years using EwE 6.6 software. The models of the Aoshan Bay ecosystem included 15 functional groups. Based on the 3 models, we compared and analysed changes in ecosystem structure and phylogenetic characteristics. The trophic interactions between the 15 functional groups were aggregated within four effective trophic levels at 2006, 2013 and 2018. Most of the functional groups were laid within the trophic levels TL 2 and TL 3. The average trophic levels in 2006, 2013 and 2018 were 2.318, 2.444 and 2.410, respectively. The calculated ecotrophic efficiency (EE) value for this ecosystem was highest for Zooplankton (EE = 0.898, 2006), Nibea albiflora (EE = 0.857, 2013) and other demersal fishes (EE = 0.963, 2018). In this study, the calculated TPP/TR was 4.572 (2006), 4.484(2013), 5.347(2018), which indicates the ecosystem is in a developmental stage (not fully mature), the highest mature ecosystem is 2013 and gradually decrease in 2018. In 2013, the FCI is 4.814 and higher ecosystem's maturity than 2006 and 2018, indicating high utilization of primary productivity and detritus. Through analysis of Ecopath models for different years, the characteristics of ecosystem changes in the Aoshan Bay over the past decade were revealed, indicating that the Aoshan Bay ecosystem is still in an unstable and immature state, which provides scientific reference materials for the restoration of fishery resources in this sea area.
Effects of soil conditioning, root and shoot litter addition interact to determine the intensity of plant–soil feedback
Authors: Aldorfová Anna , Dostálek Tomáš , Münzbergová Zuzana 
Published: April 2022

Plant–soil feedback (PSF) is recognized as an important mechanism shaping plant communities and determining plant abundance and coexistence. Under natural conditions, plants affect the outcome of plant–soil interactions simultaneously by conditioning the soil by living roots and by litter inputs into the soil. However, most experimental studies only focus on one of the pathways, which limits our understanding of PSF in the field.Here, we simultaneously explored the effect of soil conditioning by living roots and of root and shoot litter addition on the performance of sevenImpatiensspecies grown in a two‐phase garden experiment.Soil conditioning negatively affected plant performance, which was at least partly explained by nutrient depletion. Root litter addition affected plant performance negatively and the results suggest that biotic effects such as pathogen transmission via the root litter played a role. The effects of root litter addition were more pronounced in control soil which, contrary to the conditioned soil, supposedly did not accumulate pathogens during the conditioning phase. Shoot litter addition increased soil nutrient levels, but had no impact on plant performance. However, presence of shoot litter aggravated the negative effects of root litter, probably due to increased amounts of nutrients available for soil biota and thus their faster growth and intensified effect on the plants.Overall, our study suggests that root and shoot litter have contrasting roles in plant–soil interactions and understanding their separate and interactive effects together with effects of soil conditioning is crucial for assessing the complexity of PSF.
Extension of the Adjustable Localization Operator Method to Anisotropic Elasto-Plastic Behavior for Low-Cycle Fatigue Life Prediction
Authors: Le Bail Jean-Baptiste , Levieil Bruno , Moyne Sylvain , Doudard Cédric , Calloch Sylvain 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The adjustable localization operator (ALO) method allows for the local analytical calculation of complex structures under multiaxial confined plasticity cyclic loadings. This study proposes a theoretical framework for the extension of the method to cover anisotropic yield surface materials. The application is carried out on steel tubes that have been axially compressed beforehand to create a bulge that acts as a stress concentration factor during the fatigue loading process. The ALO method is compared to the reference finite element anisotropic analysis at different steps of the fatigue design chain. Results have shown that although a slight gap on the absolute strain values exists, the strain amplitude and thus the fatigue life are correctly predicted with a reduction of the calculation time by 100.
Hybrid Proteins with Short Conformational Epitopes of the Receptor-Binding Domain of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Promote Production of Virus-Neutralizing Antibodies When Used for Immunization
Authors: Karyagina Anna S. , Gromov Alexander V. , Grunina Tatyana M. , Lyaschuk Alexander M. , Poponova Maria S. , Kleymenov Denis A. , Strukova Natalia V. , Generalova Maria S. , Ryazanova Anna V. , Galushkina Zoya M. , Dobrynina Olga Yu. , Bolshakova Tatyana N. , Sergeeva Maria V. , Romanovskaya-Romanko Ekaterina A. , Krasilnikov Igor V. , Subbotina Marina E. , Lunin Vladimir G. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Based on the previously developed approach, hybrid recombinant proteins containing short conformational epitopes (a.a. 144-153, 337-346, 414-425, 496-507) of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein (S protein) were synthesized in Escherichia coli cells as potential components of epitope vaccines. Selected epitopes are involved in protein–protein interactions in the S protein complexes with neutralizing antibodies and ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2). The recombinant proteins were used for immunization of mice (three doses with 2-week intervals), and the immunogenicity of protein antigens and ability of the resulting sera to interact with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 and RBD produced in eukaryotic cells were examined. All recombinant proteins showed high immunogenicity; the highest titer in the RBD binding assay was demonstrated by the serum obtained after immunization with the protein containing epitope 414-425. At the same time, the titers of sera obtained against other proteins in the RBD and inactivated virus binding assays were significantly lower than the titers of sera obtained with the previously produced four proteins containing the loop-like epitopes 452-494 and 470-491, the conformation of which was fixed with a disulfide bond. We also studied activation of cell-mediated immunity by the recombinant proteins that was monitored as changes in the levels of cytokines in the splenocytes of immunized mice. The most pronounced increase in the cytokine synthesis was observed in response to the proteins containing epitopes with disulfide bonds (452-494, 470-491), as well as epitopes 414-425 and 496-507. For some recombinant proteins with short conformational epitopes, adjuvant optimization allowed to obtained mouse sera displaying virus-neutralizing activity in the microneutralization assay with live SARS-CoV-2 (hCoV-19/Russia/StPetersburg-3524/2020 EPI_ISL_415710 GISAID). The results obtained can be used to develop epitope vaccines for prevention of COVID-19 and other viral infections.