bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential risk of colonization of Bulinus globosus in the mainland of China under climate change
Authors: Wang Xinyao , Juma Saleh , Li Wei , Suleman Mchanga , Muhsin Mtumweni Ali , He Jian , He Mingzhen , Xu Dacheng , Zhang Jianfeng , Bergquist Robert , Yang Kun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Bulinus globosus, the main intermediate snail host of Schistosoma haematobium. The increased contacts between Africa and China could even lead to large-scale dissemination of B. globosus in China. Temperature is the key factor affecting fresh-water snail transmission. This study predicted potential risk of colonization of B. globosus in the mainland of China under climate change.

Methods
We investigated minimum and maximum temperatures for B. globosus eggs, juveniles and adult snails kept under laboratory conditions to find the most suitable range by pinpointing the median effective temperatures (ET50). We also assessed the influence of temperature on spawning and estimated the accumulated temperature (AT). The average air temperatures between 1955 and 2019 in January and July, the coldest and hottest months in China, respectively, were collected from national meteorological monitoring stations and investigated in a geographic information system (GIS) using empirical Bayesian Kriging to evaluate the theoretical possibility for distribution of B. globosus in southern China based on temperature.

Results
The effective minimum temperature (ET50min) for eggs, juveniles, adult snails and spawning were 8.5, 7.0, 7.0, 14.9 °C, respectively, with the corresponding maximum values (ET50max) of 36.6, 40.5, 40.2 and 38.1 °C. The AT was calculated at 712.1 ± 64.9 °C·d. In 1955, the potential B. globosus distribution would have had a northern boundary stretching from the coastal areas of Guangdong Province and Guangxi Autonomous Region to southern Yunnan Province. Since then, this line has gradually moved northward.

Conclusions
Annual regeneration of B. globosus can be supported by the current climate conditions in the mainland of China, and a gradual expansion trend from south to north is shown in the study from 2015 to 2019. Thus, there is a potential risk of colonization of B. globosus in the mainland of China under climate change.

Graphical Abstract
An endpoint visualization loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for detecting bubaline theileriosis
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Paliwal Sanjhi , Sudan Vikrant , Shanker Daya , Singh Shanker Kumar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundTropical theileriosis is a significant disease affecting the health and production levels of buffaloes in India. It is caused by an apicomplexan—Theileria annulata.The timely and accurate detection of infection is vital for implementing a mass vaccination or control programme in a given area under outbreak. Most of the literature concerned with diagnosis of theileriosis revolves around cattle, and practically, there are very limited assays available for detecting bubaline theileriosis. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay certainly amplifies the targeted deoxyribosenucleic acid (DNA) with a comparatively higher efficacy, rapidity and sensitivity. Alongside, minimal use of sophisticated instruments in performing LAMP assay is certainly an add on. The present study describes the application of LAMP assay in diagnosing tropical theileriosis in buffaloes alongside, its comparison with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and blood microscopical examination.ResultsNo cross-reaction was seen with DNA of other haemoprotozoan. LAMP was compared with blood microscopy and PCR. LAMP detected infection in 27 out of 100 buffaloes, while blood microscopy and PCR detected disease in 16 and 24 buffaloes, respectively.ConclusionThe sensitivity, specificity and kappa value prediction of LAMP were found to be much higher than the PCR and blood microscopy. The present communication reports the first use of LAMP in detecting theileriosis in buffaloes in the world.
Future climate change impacts on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) phenology and yield with crop management options in Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Mohammed Adem , Feleke Estifanos 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFood insecurity is a recurrent feature of the Ethiopian drylands. The risk of food insecurity has been aggravated by climate variability, climate change, population pressure, and subsistence agricultural practices. In Ethiopia, common bean is the main source of protein for people who do not get access to animal protein. The national average yield in Ethiopia is 1600 kg ha−1 which is far below yield at research sites (3000 kg ha−1) mainly due to drought, low soil fertility and lack of improved agronomic practices. A simulation study was conducted with the objectives (1) to calibrate and evaluate the CROPGRO-dry bean model of DSSAT for simulating phenology, growth and yield of common bean (2) to assess impacts of future climate on phenology and yield (3) to explore climate adaptive strategies for common bean. Three sowing dates (early, normal and late) and two water regime (rainfed and irrigated) were evaluated as climate adaptive measures. Results of model calibration indicated that the crop genetic coefficients were properly estimated. The RMSE, R2 and d-index values for days to flowering in the model evaluation phase were 2.42 days, 0.76 and 0.82, respectively. The RMSE, R2 and d-index values for days to physiological maturity were 3.19 days, 0.70 and 0.87, respectively while the values for grain yield were 113.7 kg ha−1, 0.95 and 0.89 for the respective parameters. The impact analysis showed that both days to flowering and days to maturity may decrease in 2030s and 2050s at both sites and under both RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios as compared to the simulated values for the baseline period (1981–2010) but the decrease is not statistically significant. On the other hand, grain yield may significantly increase by 11% in 2030s under RCP8.5 scenario and by 9.2% and 21.1% in 2050s under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climate scenarios respectively. The highest significant increase in grain yield may be obtained from the early sowing (SSD − 15 days) combined with supplemental irrigation which may increase yield by 89%, 71% and 56% for the baseline period, 2030s and 2050s, respectively. However, the pattern of climate changes and the nature of crop stressors may change overtime. Thus, understanding the cumulative effects of these factors may help to develop climate resilient cropping systems in the study region.
Fluid pressure monitoring during hydraulic testing in faulted Opalinus Clay using seismic velocity observations
Authors: Grab Melchior , Rinaldi Antonio P. , Wenning Quinn C. , Hellmann Sebastian , Roques Clément , Obermann Anne C. , Maurer Hansruedi , Giardini Domenico , Wiemer Stefan , Nussbaum Christophe , Zappone Alba 
Published: May 2022

Carbon capture and storage in geologic reservoirs is essential to mitigate carbon dioxide emissions, but it is only effective if long-term storage is ensured and no leakage occurs, for example, through unknown faults in the caprock that seals the reservoir. To test how the integrity of a caprock can be monitored noninvasively, the authors conducted an injection experiment directly into a faulted caprock analog at the Mont Terri Rock Laboratory. The authors monitored the experiment using active seismic techniques, along with strain, fluid pressure, and microseismicity measurements. Pulse injection with pressures of up to 4.8 MPa caused a perturbation of effective stress, which we observed through a reduction of seismic P-wave velocities by approximately 1%. This perturbation was not sensed by means of microseismicity, even though a sudden pressure drop indicated that the injection caused the opening of some fractures within the fault zone. Substantial rock deformation also was only detected at the injection borehole but not in surrounding monitoring boreholes. Thus, with seismic velocity monitoring, processes can be detected within a faulted caprock for which other methods may be blind. This demonstrates the value of seismic velocity monitoring as a tool to complement a monitoring system.
Long-Term Outcomes and Safety Trends of Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Report From A Tertiary Care Center in India
Authors: Kumar Sudhir , Sharma Atul , Pramanik Raja , Pathak Neha , Gogia Ajay , Kumar Akash , Kayal Smita , Sharma Vinod , Sahoo Ranjit Kumar , Thulkar Sanjay , Sharma M.C. , Gupta Ritu , Mallick Soumya , Thomas Mercy , Raina Vinod 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE Published experience with autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) from the Indian subcontinent is extremely limited. Here, we describe the activity and outcomes of this treatment modality at a large tertiary care center in India. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed adult patients with NHL who were eligible for ASCT and autografted between January 1, 2002, and December 15, 2020, at our transplant unit. Toxicities, complications, and long-term outcomes were compared between patients who underwent transplant during 2002-2012 (group A) and 2013-2020 (group B). RESULTS Overall, 80 patients (group A, n = 37; group B, n = 43) underwent ASCT using peripheral blood stem cells. At a median follow-up of 57.6 months, the 5-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were 43.5% and 47.6%, respectively, for all patients. More recently (group B), patients had reduced 100-day transplant-related mortality (2.3% v 21.6%, P < .01), improved 3-year EFS (52.9% v 37.3%, P = .04), and superior OS (at 3-year; 63.4% v 43.2%, P = .02). Patients in group B also tolerated the procedure better, with improved resource utilization. In multivariate analysis, an International Prognostic Index (IPI) ≥ 3 at diagnosis adversely affected EFS (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.82, P = .009) and OS (HR = 2.84, P = .01) after ASCT. Low pretransplant serum albumin levels were associated with inferior EFS (HR = 2.68, P = .02) and transplant-related mortality (odds ratio = 10.80, P = .02) after ASCT. CONCLUSION It is feasible to achieve comparable short- and long-term outcomes in patients with NHL undergoing ASCT in a resource-poor country with improved supportive care and expertise of the transplant team and center.
The PCOS GWAS Candidate Gene ZNF217 Influences Theca Cell Expression of DENND1A.V2, CYP17A1, and Androgen Production
Authors: Waterbury Jamaia S , Teves Maria E , Gaynor Alison , Han Angela X , Mavodza Grace , Newell Jordan , Strauss Jerome F , McAllister Jan M 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common endocrine disorder of women, is characterized by increased ovarian androgen production and anovulatory infertility. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 20 PCOS candidate loci. One GWAS candidate locus encompasses ZNF217, a zinc finger transcription factor. Immunohistochemical staining of ovarian tissue demonstrated significantly lower staining intensity for ZNF217 protein in PCOS theca interna compared to ovarian tissue from normal ovulatory women. Immunofluorescence staining of normal and PCOS theca cells demonstrated nuclear localization of ZNF217, with lower intensity in PCOS cells. Western blotting showed reduced ZNF217 protein in PCOS theca cells compared to normal theca cells, and that treatment with forskolin, which mimics the action of luteinizing hormone (LH), reduces ZNF217 expression. Lower ZNF217 expression in PCOS theca cells was confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Notably, there was an inverse relationship between ZNF217 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels and theca cell androgen (dehydroepiandrosterone; DHEA) synthesis. The abundance of mRNA encoding a splice variant of DENND1A (DENND1A.V2), a PCOS candidate gene that positively regulates androgen biosynthesis, was also inversely related to ZNF217 mRNA levels. This relationship may be driven by increased miR-130b-3p, which targets DENND1A.V2 transcripts and is directly correlated with ZNF217 expression. Forced expression of ZNF217 in PCOS theca cells reduced androgen production, CYP17A1 and DENND1A.V2 mRNA, while increasing mIR-130b-3p. Conversely, knockdown of ZNF217 in normal theca cells with short hairpin RNA–expressing lentivirus particles increased DENND1A.V2 and CYP17A1 mRNA. These observations suggest that ZNF217 is part of a network of PCOS candidate genes regulating thecal cell androgen production involving DENND1A.V2 and miR-130b-3p.
ALKBH5 regulates somatic cell reprogramming in a phase-specific manner
Authors: Khodeer Sherif , Klungland Arne , Dahl John Arne 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Establishment of the pluripotency regulatory network in somatic cells by introducing four transcription factors [octamer binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4; also known as POU5F1), sex determining region Y (SRY)-box 2 (SOX2), Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and cellular myelocytomatosis (c-MYC)] provides a promising tool for cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine. Nevertheless, the mechanisms at play when generating induced pluripotent stem cells from somatic cells are only partly understood. Here, we show that the RNA-specific N6-methyladenosine (m6A) demethylase ALKBH5 regulates somatic cell reprogramming in a stage-specific manner through its catalytic activity. Knockdown or knockout of Alkbh5 in the early reprogramming phase impairs reprogramming efficiency by reducing the proliferation rate through arresting the cells at G2/M phase and decreasing the upregulation of epithelial markers. On the other hand, ALKBH5 overexpression at the early reprogramming phase has no significant impact on reprogramming efficiency, whereas overexpression at the late phase enhances reprogramming by stabilizing Nanog transcripts, resulting in upregulated Nanog expression. Our study provides mechanistic insight into the crucial dynamic role of ALKBH5, mediated through its catalytic activity, in regulating somatic cell reprogramming at the post-transcriptional level.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Development and optimization of orally disintegrating tablets containing Centella asiatica solid lipid nanoparticles for supportive therapies of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Khotimah Husnul , Aulanni'am Aulanni'am , Nandar Kurniawan Shahdevi , Eka Puspita Oktavia , Rahayu Adianingsih Oktavia , Mardhiyah Mardhiyah , Setiawan Andri 
Published: May 2022

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder in the older population. In this work, we have developed a formulation of orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) containing Centella asiatica (CA) encapsulated solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) with rapid disintegration and dissolution, thereby providing greater convenience and ease of use to older patients with PD or dysphagia. Methods: The absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) properties of CA compounds were evaluated using QikProp module of Schrödinger. CA-SLNs were prepared using hot homogenization method. The physicochemical properties and quality control of the pre-compressed powder were characterized. The direct compression method was used to prepare ODTs, and post-compression physical properties were evaluated. Results: In silico study of ADMET properties revealed the CA compounds can follow the criteria for an orally active drug and are within the standard range in terms of "Rule of Five" and "Rule of Three”. The characteristics of CA-SLNs developed in a lipid-based nanocarrier showed monodispersed particles with an average particle size of about 37.91±1.55 nm, zeta potential of -10.27±1.37 mV, encapsulation efficiency, and loading capacity of 95.07±1.14%, and 3.99±0.06%, respectively. The results obtained for the pre-compression characterization showed that the CA-SLNs powder mixture had excellent flowability properties and compressibility. Furthermore, these results affected the physical properties of CA-SLNs ODTs with a disintegration time of 14.5s, the acceptance value of content uniformity was 3.2%, and the in vitro dissolution test fulfilled the tolerance limits recommended in the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) monograph. Conclusions: Overall, these results suggest that CA-SLNs ODTs developed with lipid-based nanocarriers can be considered an alternative delivery system to protect the active compound from instability while enhancing permeability through the blood brain barrier (BBB) and can be used in the management of PD in older patients with dysphagia.
Common dental anomalies affecting patients with cleft lip and palate
Authors: Sanghvi Risha , Bhujel Nabina 
Published: May 2022

Patients with cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) have increased experience of dental anomalies compared to unaffected individuals. This article describes the common dental anomalies, namely, enamel defects, hypodontia, anomalies in tooth shape or form, supernumerary teeth, ectopic and impacted teeth, and tooth transposition. The respective prevalence and potential implications on dental health are also discussed alongside the role of the general dental practitioner. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article highlights the common dental anomalies for those with cleft lip and/or palate, and identifies clinical presentations that require GDPs' contribution to patients' dental care.
Surgical endodontics under the microscope: principles and practice
Authors: Javed Faizan , Habib Saqib , Ghafoor Robia 
Published: May 2022

The direct operating microscope has completely revolutionized the field of endodontics, leading to increased success in both non-surgical and surgical cases. In low- and middle-income countries, microsurgical endodontics is still a developing field and procedures that fall within this category employ higher magnification. Currently, less than 25% of dentists in developing countries employ any sort of magnification in their practice. Basic concepts, such as microscope positioning and operator's ergonomics, are still confusing to many dentists, novice or experienced alike. This article introduces the benefits and general principles of direct operating microscope use in endodontic microsurgeries. CPD/Clinical Relevance: A better understanding of the use of dental operating microscopes in endodontic microsurgical techniques may facilitate a more efficient workflow.
Field Performance of Refractory Softwoods Treated with CA or ACQ after 10 Years of Exposure in Korea and Canada
Authors: Stirling Rod , Ra Jong Bum , Ryu Jae-Yun , Wang Jieying 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Korean wood preservation standards require deep penetration, which precludes the use of many refractory species. However, such treatments of refractory species have been shown to be effective in other parts of the world. A field test was therefore initiated to evaluate the performance of western hemlock, a moderately refractory species, and white spruce, a highly refractory species, pressure treated with either copper azole or alkaline copper quaternary under Korean field conditions that included both decay and termite hazards. After 10 years of exposure in a ground proximity and field stake test in Jinju, Korea, the treated materials remained largely sound, while untreated controls failed much earlier, largely due to termite attack. These data suggest that material that does not meet current Korean penetration requirements could still provide effective protection against biodegradation under Korean conditions. Decay was more advanced in matched treated stakes exposed at a test site in Canada than at the site in Korea.
All-fiber high-power erbium-doped laser system generating optical
pulses with a duration of 200  µs to 5  ms for fractional
photo-rejuvenation
Authors: Koptev M. Yu. , Morozov A. N. , Shatilova K. V. , Muravyev S. V. , Zapryalov A. E. , Likhachev M. E. , Kim A. V. 
Published: May 2022

An all-fiber high-power erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) source generating optical
pulses from 200 µs to 5 ms with a stable rectangular envelope for
fractional photo-rejuvenation is proposed and experimentally
demonstrated. A master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) configuration
composed of a master oscillator, an acousto-optic modulator (AOM), and
a one-stage amplifier is designed and employed in the EDFL to serve as
an efficient laser system with excellent output performance. To avoid
multistage amplifiers, the master oscillator generates 1.5 W, and a
Yb-free Er-doped large-mode-area (LMA) active fiber is used for a
one-stage power amplifier. There are two benefits to this approach:
first, modulation of both pump and seed pulses is used to achieve
clear rectangular shaped pulses without amplified spontaneous emission
(ASE) growth; and second, there are no power limitations in the
amplifier and undesirable 1 µm ASE compared to Er/Yb systems. We have
reached 28.6 W of peak power with 26% slope efficiency limited only by
available pump power, so the system can be easily scaled for achieving
a higher peak power.
Validation of Friedewald, Martin-Hopkins and Sampson low-density lipoprotein cholesterol equations
Authors: Ertürk Zararsız Gözde , Bolat Serkan , Cephe Ahu , Kochan Necla , Yerlitaş Serra İlayda , Doğan Halef Okan , Zararsız Gökmen 
Published: May 2022

Background
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is an important biomarker for determining cardiovascular risk and regulating lipid lowering therapy. Therefore, the accurate estimation of LDL-C concentration is essential in cardiovascular disease diagnosis and prognosis. Sampson recently proposed a new formula for the estimation of LDL-C. However, little is known regarding the validation of this formula.

Objectives
This study aimed to validate this new formula with other well-known formulas in Turkish population, composed of adults.

Methods
A total of 88,943 participants above 18 years old at Sivas Cumhuriyet University Hospital (Sivas, Turkey) were included to this study. LDL-C was directly measured by homogeneous assays, i.e., Roche, Beckman and Siemens and estimated by Friedewald’s, Martin-Hopkins’, extended Martin-Hopkins’ and Sampson’s formulas. The concordances between the estimations obtained by the formulas and the direct measurements were evaluated both in general and separately for the LDL-C, TG and non-HDL-C sublevels. Linear regression analysis was applied and residual error plots were generated between each estimation and direct measurement method. Coefficient of determination (R2) and mean absolute deviations were also calculated.

Results
The results showed that the extended Martin-Hopkins approach provided the most concordant results with the direct assays for LDL-C estimation. The results also showed that the highest concordances were obtained between the direct assays with the extended Martin-Hopkins formula calculated with the median statistics obtained from our own population. On the other hand, it was observed that the results of the methods may differ in different assays. The extended Martin-Hopkins approach, calculated from the median statistics of our population, gave the most concordant results in patients with “low LDL-C level (LDL-C levels < 70 mg/dL) or hypertriglyceridemia (TG levels ≥ 400 mg/dL)”.

Conclusions
Although the results of the formulas in different assays may vary, the extended Martin-Hopkins approach was the best one with the highest overall concordances. The validity of the Martin Hopkins’ and Sampson’s formulas has to be further investigated in different populations.