bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inter-individual variation in objective measure of reactogenicity following COVID-19 vaccination via smartwatches and fitness bands
Authors: Quer Giorgio , Gadaleta Matteo , Radin Jennifer M. , Andersen Kristian G. , Baca-Motes Katie , Ramos Edward , Topol Eric J. , Steinhubl Steven R. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe ability to identify who does or does not experience the intended immune response following vaccination could be of great value in not only managing the global trajectory of COVID-19 but also helping guide future vaccine development. Vaccine reactogenicity can potentially lead to detectable physiologic changes, thus we postulated that we could detect an individual’s initial physiologic response to a vaccine by tracking changes relative to their pre-vaccine baseline using consumer wearable devices. We explored this possibility using a smartphone app-based research platform that enabled volunteers (39,701 individuals) to share their smartwatch data, as well as self-report, when appropriate, any symptoms, COVID-19 test results, and vaccination information. Of 7728 individuals who reported at least one vaccination dose, 7298 received an mRNA vaccine, and 5674 provided adequate data from the peri-vaccine period for analysis. We found that in most individuals, resting heart rate (RHR) increased with respect to their individual baseline after vaccination, peaked on day 2, and returned to normal by day 6. This increase in RHR was greater than one standard deviation above individuals’ normal daily pattern in 47% of participants after their second vaccine dose. Consistent with other reports of subjective reactogenicity following vaccination, we measured a significantly stronger effect after the second dose relative to the first, except those who previously tested positive to COVID-19, and a more pronounced increase for individuals who received the Moderna vaccine. Females, after the first dose only, and those aged <40 years, also experienced a greater objective response after adjusting for possible confounding factors. These early findings show that it is possible to detect subtle, but important changes from an individual’s normal as objective evidence of reactogenicity, which, with further work, could prove useful as a surrogate for vaccine-induced immune response.
GATA3 and MDM2 are synthetic lethal in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancers
Authors: Bianco Gaia , Coto-Llerena Mairene , Gallon John , Kancherla Venkatesh , Taha-Mehlitz Stephanie , Marinucci Mattia , Konantz Martina , Srivatsa Sumana , Montazeri Hesam , Panebianco Federica , Tirunagaru Vijaya G. , De Menna Marta , Paradiso Viola , Ercan Caner , Dahmani Ahmed , Montaudon Elodie , Beerenwinkel Niko , Kruithof-de Julio Marianna , Terracciano Luigi M. , Lengerke Claudia , Jeselsohn Rinath M. , Doebele Robert C. , Bidard François-Clément , Marangoni Elisabetta , Ng Charlotte K. Y. , Piscuoglio Salvatore 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSynthetic lethal interactions, where the simultaneous but not individual inactivation of two genes is lethal to the cell, have been successfully exploited to treat cancer.GATA3is frequently mutated in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancers and its deficiency defines a subset of patients with poor response to hormonal therapy and poor prognosis. However, GATA3 is not yet targetable. Here we show thatGATA3andMDM2are synthetically lethal in ER-positive breast cancer. Depletion and pharmacological inhibition of MDM2 significantly impaired tumor growth inGATA3-deficient models in vitro, in vivo and in patient-derived organoids/xenograft (PDOs/PDX) harboringGATA3somatic mutations. The synthetic lethality requires p53 and acts via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Our results present MDM2 as a therapeutic target in the substantial cohort of ER-positive,GATA3-mutant breast cancer patients. With MDM2 inhibitors widely available, our findings can be rapidly translated into clinical trials to evaluate in-patient efficacy.
Biomass partitioning of plants under soil pollution stress
Authors: Delerue Florian , Scattolin Mathieu , Atteia Olivier , Cohen Gregory J. V. , Franceschi Michel , Mench Michel 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPolluted sites are ubiquitous worldwide but how plant partition their biomass between different organs in this context is unclear. Here, we identified three possible drivers of biomass partitioning in our controlled study along pollution gradients: plant size reduction (pollution effect) combined with allometric scaling between organs; early deficit in root surfaces (pollution effect) inducing a decreased water uptake; increased biomass allocation to roots to compensate for lower soil resource acquisition consistent with the optimal partitioning theory (plant response). A complementary meta-analysis showed variation in biomass partitioning across published studies, with grass and woody species having distinct modifications of their root: shoot ratio. However, the modelling of biomass partitioning drivers showed that single harvest experiments performed in previous studies prevent identifying the main drivers at stake. The proposed distinction between pollution effects and plant response will help to improve our knowledge of plant allocation strategies in the context of pollution.
Med23 supports angiogenesis and maintains vascular integrity through negative regulation of angiopoietin2 expression
Authors: Yang Yenan , Xiao Qi , Yin Jingwen , Li Chonghui , Yu Decai , He Yulong , Yang Zhongzhou , Wang Gang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe mammalian Mediator complex consists of over 30 subunits and functions as a transcriptional hub integrating signaling for tissue-specific gene expression. Although the role of the Mediator complex in transcription has been extensively investigated, the functions of distinct Mediator subunits in development are not well understood. Here, we dissected the role of the Mediator subunit Med23 in mouse cardiovascular development. Endothelial-specific Med23 deletion caused embryonic lethality before embryonic day 13.5 (E13.5). The mutant embryos exhibited intracranial hemorrhage and diminished angiogenesis with dilated blood vessels in the head region, where the expression of Med23 was abundant at E10.5. Med23 deficiency impaired vasculogenesis in the head region and impeded retinal angiogenesis. Knocking down Med23 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) resulted in angiogenic defects, recapitulating the vascular defects in Med23-mutant mice in a cell-autonomous manner. RNA sequencing in HUVECs indicated that Med23 deficiency resulted in the interruption of angiogenesis and the upregulation of angiopoietin2 (Ang2), an inducing factor for vascular network instability. Inhibition of Ang2 partially rescued angiogenic sprouting and lumen dilation defects in tube formation assays. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that Med23 promotes angiogenesis and maintains vascular integrity, in part by suppressing Ang2 signaling.
Piezoelectric energy harvesting using mechanical metamaterials and phononic crystals
Authors: Lee Geon , Lee Dongwoo , Park Jeonghoon , Jang Yeongtae , Kim Miso , Rho Junsuk 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMechanical metamaterials and phononic crystals enable localizing, focusing, and guiding of elastic or acoustic waves in various ways. Here, we describe the physical mechanisms underpinning wave manipulation and then review the most recent energy harvesting methods for converting localized mechanical wave energy to useable electrical energy. Due to the exceptional wave-matter interactions enabled by the man-made structures, energy is collected more efficiently than through conventional methods. Artificially designed mechanical structures are versatile, especially when used in renewable and ecologically-benign energy transformation, and have a wide array of potential applications.
Identifying chemically similar multiphase nanoprecipitates in compositionally complex non-equilibrium oxides via machine learning
Authors: Mao Keyou S. , Gerczak Tyler J. , Harp Jason M. , McKinney Casey S. , Lach Timothy G. , Karakoc Omer , Nelson Andrew T. , Terrani Kurt A. , Parish Chad M. , Edmondson Philip D. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCharacterizing oxide nuclear fuels is difficult due to complex fission products, which result from time-evolving system chemistry and extreme operating environments. Here, we report a machine learning-enhanced approach that accelerates the characterization of spent nuclear fuels and improves the accuracy of identifying nanophase fission products and bubbles. We apply this approach to commercial, high-burnup, irradiated light-water reactor fuels, demonstrating relationships between fission product precipitates and gases. We also gain understanding of the fission versus decay pathways of precipitates across the radius of a fuel pellet. An algorithm is provided for quantifying the chemical segregation of the fission products with respect to the high-burnup structure, which enhances our ability to process large amounts of microscopy data, including approaching the atomistic-scale. This may provide a faster route for achieving physics-based fuel performance modeling.
Diagnostik von Hormonstörungen
Authors: Krause Diana , Back Julia Larissa , Böger Markus , Eckert Michaela , Gollsch Annemarie , Niebling Martina , Rüffer Andreas , Teibert Adrienn , Uhlein Ronja 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungDas hormonelle System ist hochkomplex und vielfältig vernetzt. Endokrine Störungen nehmen auch aufgrund unseres Lebensstils, externer Störfaktoren sowie Fremdsubstanzen zu und erfordern daher ein entsprechend multimodales Vorgehen. Die Speicheldiagnostik ist jener mittels Blut und Urin überlegen und liefert wertvolle Hinweise über die tatsächliche Regulationssituation. Damit ermöglicht sie unter Berücksichtigung des klinischen Kontexts sowie der vielen potenziellen Einflussfaktoren konkrete und individuelle therapeutische Ansätze zur Rebalancierung des Endokriniums.
Menopause – ein Organ verabschiedet sich
Authors: Krug Marianne 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungDie hormonelle Versorgung der Frau ist physiologisch in verschiedene Phasen gegliedert und unterliegt einem nahezu vollständigen Ausfall durch den Organverlust des Ovars. Ein Hormonersatz ist in jedem Zeitabschnitt sinnvoll, möglich und unterschiedlich. Historische Fehler in der Hormonersatztherapie werden aufgezeigt. In der Studienlage sind sie bereits korrigiert. Der Goldstandard besteht heute in der Substitution mit bioidenten Hormonen. Es besteht leider noch eine fast babylonische Sprachverwirrung im Hinblick auf die Kategorie der Gestagene. Dies als auch Klinik, Diagnostik und Therapie der verschiedenen Phasen werden in diesem Artikel beleuchtet.
Komplizierter Verlauf einer systemischen JIA
Authors: Roth Johannes 
Published: April 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie systemische juvenile idiopathische Arthritis (sJIA) kann sehr behandlungsresistent sein und es können erhebliche Komplikationen einschließlich einer interstitiellen Lungenerkrankung auftreten. Anhand der Fallgeschichte einer sJIA-Patientin mit fortgeschrittener Lungenerkrankung werden molekulardiagnostische Methoden, neue Behandlungsoptionen und ethische Überlegungen bei der Versorgung komplexer Patienten diskutiert.
An Unusual Cause of Right Heart Failure: Hemorrhagic Pericardial Cyst Presenting as a Pericardial Mass and Constrictive Pericarditis
Authors: Sreedharan Ruma Madhu , Mathew Jeswin , LR Jayasree , Rasheed Abdul 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCongenital pericardial cysts are very rare neoplasms of the middle mediastinum. We report a case of a young woman who was referred to the surgical department with abdominal pain. The ultrasound done showed moderate ascites and pleural effusion. Further evaluation with computed tomography (CT) chest revealed a calcified mass in the pericardium. Follow-up echocardiography showed an echogenic mass in the pericardium. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a hyperintense mass with a delayed enhancement of the contents with features of right heart failure. So, an emergency surgical resection was done that showed a large hemorrhagic mass with pultaceous material in the pericardial cavity. The pathological report confirmed the diagnosis of a hemorrhagic pericardial cyst with organized material.
Two Sides of the Same Coin: Tendoligamentous Similarities and Dissimilarities of Great Toe and Thumb Anatomy on MRI
Authors: Rajani Heena , Singh Dharmendra Kumar , Suman Saurabh , Katyan Amit , Sharma Anuradha , Kumar Nishith 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEvolution and functional necessities have compelled the great toe of the foot and its embryological kin, thumb, to have some tendoligamentous differences with a similar basic anatomical structure. This provides biomechanical advantage to these joints: the thumb is apposable and more mobile, ensuring hand dexterity and tool-handling, whereas the great toe is less mobile and more stable, ensuring weight bearing, strength, and stability for bipedal locomotion. This pictorial review will methodically illustrate the similarities and dissimilarities of the joint morphology and its tendoligamentous attachments at the level of carpometacarpal joint, metacarpophalangeal joint, and interphalangeal joints of thumb compared with tarsometatarsal joint, metatarsophalangeal joint, and interphalangeal joints of great toe. It intends to provide a comprehensive understanding of the normal anatomy of great toe and thumb to the radiologists, enabling better interpretation of the pathologies.
Clinical Validation of Standard Q COVID-19 Antigen and IgM/IgG Combo Kit Assay at a Tertiary Care Center in Northern India
Authors: Singh Parul , Kiro Vandana V. , Srivastav Sharad , Malhotra Rajesh , Mathur Purva 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background Expansion of the testing capacities for severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 is an important issue in the face of ever-increasing case load. So, there is need of point-of-care diagnostic tests in the existing laboratory capacities for early treatment, isolation, and clinical decision making, especially in resource limited settings.
Materials and Methods This prospective cohort study was conducted at Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Center, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. Nasopharyngeal samples and blood samples were collected for antigen and antibody testing. Rapid antigen test was performed as per the kit's instructions. The performance of the kit was compared with the gold standard reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing.
Results Eighty-eight out of 110 patients tested positive by RT-PCR for coronavirus disease 2019 in last 48 to 72 hours were included in the study. Overall, the sensitivity of combined antibody test was 52%, antigen test 26%, and combined sensitivity of both antigen and antibody was 72.7%, respectively.
Conclusion The combo kit needs to be used with caution in low prevalence settings, where cases may be missed.
Developing spoken requests during UK study abroad
Authors: Economidou-Kogetsidis Maria , Halenko Nicola 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe present study tracks the longitudinal pragmatic development of spoken requests by Japanese, adult learners of English during an academic year abroad, and aims to examine whether and how their requestive performance develops over time in high and low-imposition situations. Data were collected at three points of the academic year using oral, virtual role plays, and semi-structured group interviews. Data analysis examined the type and frequency of request strategies and modification devices employed by the group over time. Findings revealed that there were only some pragmatic gains (e.g., a slight drop in the use of want statements) as learners were very slow in adopting a new form-function mapping and expanding their pragmalinguistic repertoire. They relied on (and overused) a limited set of request sequences and had clear preferences for particular ways to express (in)directness, confirming that pragmatic gains might often be small, and development may follow a non-linear trajectory.
Openings and closings in institutionally-situated email requests
Authors: Halenko Nicola , Winder Lisa 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The study abroad (SA) experience presents opportunities to enrich linguistic and cultural knowledge, but pragmatic
development does not always follow a linear path. This investigation describes one interlanguage challenge: managing online
interactions in upward email requests. Openings and closings in emails of two academic discourse communities are examined: (L1)
English-speaking experts with three years of prior socialization into UK academic practices (n = 162) and (L2)
Chinese English as a foreign language novices as newcomers on their SA stay (n = 159). The study aims to analyze
sociocultural variance between the groups and whether a 10-month sojourn influences novice email practices. Results revealed
novices and experts adopted markedly different strategies for interpersonal work. Experts tended to take a less formal,
egalitarian stance when initiating emails while novices opted for increased levels of formality in structure and style. Most
novices’ mismanagement could be traced back to first language influences or, more commonly, to an overreliance on formal letter
writing techniques.
Set-up for observation thermal voltage noise and determination of absolute temperature and Boltzmann constant
Authors: Mishonov Todor M , Serafimov Nikola S , Petkov Emil G , Varonov Albert M 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We describe a set-up for measurement of the absolute zero by Johnson–Nyquist thermal noise which can be performed within a week in every high-school or university. Necessary electronic components and technical guidelines for the construction of this noise thermometer are given. The operating temperature used is in the tea cup range from ice to boiling water and in this sense the set-up can be given in the hands of every high school and university physics student. The measurement requires a standard multi-meter with thermocouple and voltage probe and gives excellent for education purposes percent accuracy. The explanation is oriented to university level but due to the simplicity of the explanation motivated high-school students can follow the explanation derivation of the used formulas for determination of the absolute zero and the Boltzmann constant. As a by-product our set-up gives a new method for the determination of the spectral density of the voltage e
N and current noise i
N of operational amplifiers.
Comparing students’ flow states during apparatus-based versus video-based lab activities
Authors: Karelina Anna , Ektina Eugenia , Bohacek Peter , Vonk Matthew , Kagan Michael , Warren Aaron R , Brookes David T 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a study comparing physics students experimenting with physical apparatus (the apparatus group) versus students conducting the same experiments using videos of those experiments in place of the physical apparatus (the video group). In our study, we compare the results of an attitudinal survey designed to examine students’ mental states and sense of engagement with the material. In terms of the eight-channel flow model, we found that students who conduct design labs structured according to the Investigative Science Learning Environment mostly found themselves located in the productive learning zones of arousal, flow and control. We also found a small but consistent difference between the apparatus and video groups: in the video group there were slightly more students who were in the less productive zones of worry and anxiety, reflective of feelings of low skillfulness combined with a sense that the task was very challenging. We discuss the implications of these findings for the design of scaffolded inquiry tasks such as ISLE design labs in new virtual environments. We suggest that such activities, performed in virtual learning environments, may require different levels and types of scaffolding compared with the same activities performed in the in-person classroom with physical apparatus.
Angular shift of Autler–Townes doublet from multi-photon ionization of molecules by circularly polarized laser pulses
Authors: Qin Ya-Nan , Li Min , Liu Kun , Liang Jintai , Zhou Yueming , Lu Peixiang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We theoretically study the Autler–Townes (AT) splitting of a molecule in a circularly polarized laser pulse by solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. We find that the AT doublet in the photoelectron momentum distribution reveals different angular shifts with respect to the molecular axis direction. Using an improved strong-field approximation method, we reproduce the difference of the angular shifts for the AT doublet, which originates from the interference of the electron wave packets released from the ground and excited states of the molecule. By tracing the time evolution of the electron density distribution along the molecular axis, we find that electron delocalization on the two nuclei of the molecule plays a significant role in the formation of photoelectron angular distribution for the AT doublet, which corresponds to a phase jump of π for the phase difference between the ground and excited states.
Multi-functional tunable ultra-broadband water-based metasurface absorber with high reconfigurability
Authors: Wen Jingda , Ren Qiang , Peng Ruiguang , Zhao Qian 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Promising microwave ultra-broadband water-based metasurface absorbers have attracted increasing attention due to their novel applications in EM radiation prevention, stealth technology, and energy harvesting. In this paper, the proposed water-based metasurface absorber, composed of mushroom-shaped and layer-shaped water with resin shell, can reach over 90% polarization-insensitive and wide-angle absorption from 7.2 to 100 GHz with a relative bandwidth of 173%. Moreover, the proposed absorber is reconfigurable to control the water content, salinity, and type of inside liquid for tunable absorption and infrared radiation with thermally tunable absorption. Since the experimental and simulated ultra-broadband absorption originates from multiple resonances concentrated on the top, the ground-free all-dielectric design is achieved. Furthermore, the proposed curved absorber is fabricated and demonstrated for omnidirectional absorption. The water-based metasurface absorber shows great potential in achieving both microwave and infrared radiation camouflage for practical shaped structures in both civil and military domains.
Phase driven topological states in correlated Haldane model on a honeycomb lattice
Authors: Li Qingmin , Wu Ya-Jie , Yu Jing , He Jing 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Using mean field method and random phase approximation, we studied the phase driven topological exotic states in correlated Haldane model on a honeycomb lattice. It is found that topological spin density waves emerge with the phase change of next-nearest-neighbor hopping. We also investigated the topological properties of these spin density waves, including Chern number, edge state and Hall conductivity. Our work provides a new insight for topological phase transitions in correlated quantum anomalous Hall insulators.
Adhesion of thin metallic layers on Au surfaces
Authors: Zotti Linda A , O’Regan David D 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We carried out first-principles density-functional theory calculations to study the work of separation for five different metal–metal interfaces, each of them comprising thin layers of selected metals (Cr, W, Ta, Al or Ti) lying on top of Au surfaces. We found that the highest work of separation is obtained for one-atom-thick layers. Increasing the number of atomic layers leads the work of separation to oscillate with the thickness, and ultimately tend to a limiting value for a large number of layers. Interestingly, for most cases the lowest work of separation is obtained for two-atom layers. We find that this behaviour is mirrored by the quantity of charge transferred between the two metals on the one hand, and their spatial distance on the other.