bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renal events in patients receiving neprilysin inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Vollmer Barbosa Clara , Lang Hannah , Melk Anette , Schmidt Bernhard M W 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
While it is well known that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) increase the risk of acute renal failure, the role of neprilysin inhibition (NEPi) is unclear and some physicians are reluctant to prescribe sacubitril/valsartan because of safety concerns. This meta-analysis aimed to examine the risk for renal events, progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) or progression to dialysis on combined NEPi and ACEi/ARBs compared with ACEi or ARBs.

Methods
We performed a systematic meta-analysis including 17 randomized controlled trials (study drug sacubitril/valsartan or omapatrilat), involving a total of 23 569 patients, after searching PubMed, Cochrane, ClinicalTrials.org and Embase for eligible studies. From the included trials, all renal endpoints, including long- and short-term outcomes and hyperkalemia, were extracted. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using the DerSimonian and Laird method. The study was registered at PROSPERO.

Results
Overall, treatment with sacubitril/valsartan or omapatrilat showed a slightly lower risk of any renal event [OR 0.82 (0.7–0.97)] compared with treatment with an ACEi or ARB alone. Also, there was a decreased risk of severe acute renal events [OR 0.8 (0.69–0.93)] and a decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate decline [mean difference −0.58 mL/min (−0.83 to −0.33 mL/min)]. There was no difference in chronic renal events [OR 0.92 (0.8–1.05)] or hyperkalemia [OR 1.02 (0.84–1.23)].

Conclusion
NEPi + ACEi/ARBs are safe in terms of renal adverse events. Longer trials focusing on CKD are needed to evaluate the effect of NEPi on decreasing progression of CKD.
Cellulose synthesis complexes are homo-oligomeric and hetero-oligomeric inPhyscomitrium patens
Authors: Li Xingxing , Chaves Arielle M , Dees Dianka C T , Mansoori Nasim , Yuan Kai , Speicher Tori L , Norris Joanna H , Wallace Ian S , Trindade Luisa M , Roberts Alison W 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe common ancestor of seed plants and mosses contained homo-oligomeric cellulose synthesis complexes (CSCs) composed of identical subunits encoded by a single CELLULOSE SYNTHASE (CESA) gene. Seed plants use different CESA isoforms for primary and secondary cell wall deposition. Both primary and secondary CESAs form hetero-oligomeric CSCs that assemble and function in planta only when all the required isoforms are present. The moss Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens has seven CESA genes that can be grouped into two functionally and phylogenetically distinct classes. Previously, we showed that PpCESA3 and/or PpCESA8 (class A) together with PpCESA6 and/or PpCESA7 (class B) form obligate hetero-oligomeric complexes required for normal secondary cell wall deposition. Here, we show that gametophore morphogenesis requires a member of class A, PpCESA5, and is sustained in the absence of other PpCESA isoforms. PpCESA5 also differs from the other class A PpCESAs as it is able to self-interact and does not co-immunoprecipitate with other PpCESA isoforms. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that homo-oligomeric CSCs containing only PpCESA5 subunits synthesize cellulose required for gametophore morphogenesis. Analysis of mutant phenotypes also revealed that, like secondary cell wall deposition, normal protonemal tip growth requires class B isoforms (PpCESA4 or PpCESA10), along with a class A partner (PpCESA3, PpCESA5, or PpCESA8). Thus, P. patens contains both homo-oligomeric and hetero-oligomeric CSCs.
Challenges to self-isolation among contacts of cases of COVID-19: a national telephone survey in Wales
Authors: Isherwood Kate R , Kyle Richard G , Gray Benjamin J , Davies Alisha R 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundSelf-isolation is challenging and adherence is dependent on a range of psychological, social and economic factors. We aimed to identify the challenges experienced by contacts of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases to better target support and minimize the harms of self-isolation.MethodsThe Contact Adherence Behavioural Insights Study (CABINS) was a 15-minute telephone survey conducted with confirmed contacts of COVID-19 (N = 2027), identified through the NHS Wales Test Trace Protect (TTP) database.ResultsYounger people (aged 18–29 years) were three times more likely to report mental health concerns (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 3.16, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.05–4.86) and two times more likely to report loneliness (aOR: 1.96, CI: 1.37–2.81) compared to people aged over 60 years. Women were 1.5 times more likely to experience mental health concerns (aOR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.20–1.92) compared to men. People with high levels of income precarity were eight times more likely to report financial challenges (aOR: 7.73, CI: 5.10–11.74) and three times more likely to report mental health concerns than their more financially secure counterparts (aOR: 3.08, CI: 2.22–4.28).ConclusionSelf-isolation is particularly challenging for younger people, women and those with precarious incomes. Providing enhanced support is required to minimize the harms of self-isolation.
Hand and foot MRI in contemporary undifferentiated arthritis: in which patients is MRI valuable to detect rheumatoid arthritis early? A large prospective study
Authors: den Hollander Nikolet K , Verstappen Marloes , Sidhu Navkiran , van Mulligen Elise , Reijnierse Monique , van der Helm-van Mil Annette H M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Identifying patients that will develop RA among those presenting with undifferentiated arthritis (UA) remains a clinical dilemma. Although MRI is helpful according to EULAR recommendations, this has only been determined in UA patients not fulfilling 1987 RA criteria, while some of these patients are currently considered as RA because they fulfil the 2010 criteria. Therefore, we studied the predictive value of MRI for progression to RA in the current UA population, i.e. not fulfilling RA classification criteria (either 1987 or 2010 criteria) and not having an alternate diagnosis. Additionally, the value of MRI was studied in patients with a clinical diagnosis of UA, regardless of the classification criteria.

Methods
Two UA populations were studied: criteria-based UA as described above (n = 405) and expert-opinion-based UA (n = 564), i.e. UA indicated by treating rheumatologists. These patients were retrieved from a large cohort of consecutively included early arthritis patients that underwent contrast-enhanced MRI scans of hand and foot at baseline. MRIs were scored for osteitis, synovitis and tenosynovitis. Patients were followed for RA development during the course of 1 year. Test characteristics of MRI were determined separately for subgroups based on joint involvement and autoantibody status.

Results
Among criteria-based UA patients (n = 405), 21% developed RA. MRI-detected synovitis and MRI-detected tenosynovitis were predictive for progression to RA. MRI-detected tenosynovitis was independently associated with RA progression (odds ratio (OR) 2.79; 95% CI 1.40, 5.58), especially within ACPA-negative UA patients (OR 2.91; 95% CI 1.42, 5.96). Prior risks of RA development for UA patients with mono-, oligo- and polyarthritis were 3%, 19% and 46%, respectively. MRI results changed this risk most within the oligoarthritis subgroup: positive predictive value was 27% and negative predictive value 93%. Similar results were found in expert-opinion-based UA (n = 564).

Conclusion
This large cohort study showed that MRI is most valuable in ACPA-negative UA patients with oligoarthritis; a negative MRI could aid in preventing overtreatment.
NATIONWIDE SURVEY OF RADIATION EXPOSURE FOR RADIOFREQUENCY CATHETER ABLATION FOR PULMONARY VEIN ISOLATION AND NONPULMONARY VEIN ISOLATION IN JAPAN
Authors: Ishibashi Toru , Masuda Takanori , Kato Mamoru , Yamashita Yukari , Takei Yasutaka , Tsukamoto Atsuko , Matsumoto Kazuma , Sakamoto Hajime 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
To propose typical values for the arrhythmia region between pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) and nonpulmonary vein isolation (non-PVI) in Japan.
A nationwide questionnaire was posted to 343 facilities, to which 125 facilities (36.4%) responded.
Results is the median for PVI and non-PVI were in terms of Ka,r (317 and 196 mGy), PKA (40.8 and 26.3 Gy.cm2), FT (43.0 and 27.3 min), and CI (326 and 102 images). When comparing PVI and non-PVI procedures, there were significant differences in Ka, r, PKA, FT, and CI (p &lt; 0.05).
In other words, by classifying into two types, PVI and non-PVI, we contributed to the establishment of typical values in Japan’s RFCA.
Does Long-Term Post-Bariatric Weight Change Differ Across Antidepressants?
Authors: Arterburn David E. , Maciejewski Matthew L. , Berkowitz Theodore S. Z. , Smith Valerie A. , Mitchell James E. , Liu Chuan-Fen , Adeyemo Adenike , Bradley Katharine A. , Olsen Maren K. 
Published: January 2022

Objectives:
We sought to evaluate whether weight change up to 5 years after bariatric surgery differed by antidepressant class taken before surgery.

Background:
Bariatric surgery induces significant weight loss, but outcomes are highly variable. The specific type of antidepressant used prior to surgery may be an important factor in long-term weight loss.

Methods:
This retrospective cohort study from 2000 to 2016 compared the 5-year weight loss of 556 Veterans who were taking antidepressant monotherapy (bupropion, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [SSRIs], or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors [SNRIs]) before bariatric surgery (229 sleeve gastrectomy and 327 Roux-en-Y gastric bypass) versus 556 matched nonsurgical controls.

Results:
Patients taking bupropion before sleeve gastrectomy had greater differential weight loss between surgical patients and matched controls than those taking SSRIs at 1 (8.9 pounds; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6–16.3; P = 0.02) and 2 years (17.6 pounds; 95% CI, 5.9–29.3; P = 0.003), but there was no difference at 5 years (11.9 pounds; 95% CI, –8.9 to 32.8; P = 0.26). Findings were similar for gastric bypass patients taking bupropion compared to SSRIs at 1 (9.7 pounds; 95% CI, 2.0–17.4; P = 0.014), 2 (12.0 pounds; 95% CI, –0.5 to 24.5; P = 0.06), and 5 years (4.8 pounds; 95% CI, –16.7 to 26.3; P = 0.66). No significant differences were observed comparing patients taking SNRI versus SSRI medications.

Conclusions:
Sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass patients taking bupropion had greater weight loss than those taking SSRIs, although these differences may wane over time. Bupropion may be the first-line antidepressant of choice among patients with severe obesity considering bariatric surgery.
Factors Associated with Patient-Reported Outcomes Following a Humeral Shaft Fracture: Nonunion Results in a Poorer Outcome Despite Union after Surgical Fixation
Authors: Oliver William M. , Searle Henry K. C. , Molyneux Samuel G. , White Timothy O. , Clement Nicholas D. , Duckworth Andrew D. 
Published: January 2022

Objectives:
The primary aim was to assess patient-reported outcomes ≥1 year following a humeral diaphyseal fracture. The secondary aim was to compare outcomes of patients who united after initial management (operative/nonoperative) with those who united after nonunion fixation (NU-ORIF).

Design:
Retrospective.

Setting:
University teaching hospital.

Patients and intervention:
From 2008 to 2017, 291 patients [mean age, 55 years (17–86 years), 58% (n = 168/291) female] were available to complete an outcomes survey. Sixty-four (22%) were initially managed operatively and 227 (78%) nonoperatively. After initial management, 227 (78%) united (n = 62 operative, n = 165 nonoperative), 2 had a delayed union (both nonoperative), and 62 (21%) had a nonunion (n = 2 operative, n = 60 nonoperative). Fifty-two patients (93%, n = 52/56) united after NU-ORIF.

Main Outcome Measures:
QuickDASH, EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D)/EuroQol-Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS), 12-item Short Form Physical (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS).

Results:
At a mean of 5.5 years (range, 1.2–11.0 years) postinjury, the mean QuickDASH was 20.8, EQ-5D was 0.730, EQ-VAS was 74, PCS was 44.8 and MCS was 50.2. Patients who united after NU-ORIF reported worse function (QuickDASH, 27.9 vs. 17.6; P = 0.003) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL; EQ-5D, 0.639 vs. 0.766; P = 0.008; EQ-VAS, 66 vs. 76; P = 0.036; PCS, 41.8 vs. 46.1; P = 0.036) than those who united primarily. Adjusting for confounders, union after NU-ORIF was independently associated with a poorer QuickDASH (difference, 8.1; P = 0.019) and EQ-5D (difference, −0.102; P = 0.028).

Conclusions:
Humeral diaphyseal union after NU-ORIF resulted in poorer patient-reported outcomes compared with union after initial management. Targeting early operative intervention to at-risk patients may mitigate the potential impact of nonunion on longer-term outcome.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Intraoperative Comparative Femoral Rotation Imaging: Do not Overlook Parallax
Authors: Kagan Benjamin D. , Roberts Michael S. , Haimes Mark A. , Blankstein Michael , Schottel Patrick C. 
Published: January 2022

Objective:
To investigate the degree of error due to parallax during intraoperative rotational imaging involving the distal femur.

Methods:
Twelve, fresh-frozen, lower-extremity cadaveric specimens were studied. The limbs were positioned supine and rotated until the posterior femoral condyles were superimposed using a C-arm. The C-arm was then repositioned to place the femoral condyles at the anterior and posterior margins of the image intensifier. The rotation necessary to resuperimpose the femoral condyles due to parallax was recorded. A second C-arm was then used from the contralateral side to simulate the rotational imaging technique to determine the magnitude and directionality of combined parallax.

Results:
All 12 specimens demonstrated parallax, resulting in rotational discrepancies. Compared with central field of view alignment, the mean rotational discrepancy was 5.6 and 5.5 degrees for anterior and posterior positions, respectively. Contralateral imaging resulted in an additive effect with rotational differences of 9.0 and 12.6 degrees for bilateral anterior and posterior positions, respectively.

Conclusions:
Parallax causes rotational discrepancies with fluoroscopic imaging of the distal femur when the posterior femoral condyles are off-center in the imaging field of view. If femoral condyles are not centered when obtaining intraoperative rotational imaging of the uninjured and injured femurs, parallax can result in potentially clinically significant rotational deformity even if the femurs seem perfectly matched at the conclusion of surgery. We recommend perfectly centering of the posterior femoral condyles in the imaging field of view when obtaining lateral images of the distal femur to prevent this potentially overlooked contribution to malrotation.
Detailed Anatomy and Reconstructive Approach of a Wassel VI Thumb Duplication
Authors: Kareh Aurora M. , Firouzbakht Peter K. , Rowe Amanda G. , Plikaitis Christina M. 
Published: January 2022

Summary:
Thumb duplication is a congenital hand difference that occurs in 0.08 of every 1000 live births and is categorized by level of duplication by the Wassel classification system. The anatomy and reconstruction of type VI thumb duplication is not well described, likely due to its rarity. In this report, we detail the anatomy and reconstruction of an ulnar-dominant Wassel VI thumb duplication, with particular attention paid to management of the first CMC joint and intrinsic muscle rebalancing of the preserved digit.
Intention to Stay in Specialist Trauma Nurses: Relationship With Role Conflict, Stress, and Organizational Support
Authors: Yoon Jeong Eun , Cho Ok-Hee 
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND:
Specialist trauma nurses contribute to shortening hospital stay, lowering intensive care unit readmission rates, and improving treatment outcomes through early detection and management of health problems in trauma patients. However, Korean specialist trauma nurses have a higher turnover rate than other nurses due to negative factors like unclear job descriptions and inconsistent job activities.

OBJECTIVE:
This study aimed to examine the levels of and relationships among role conflict, occupational stress, perceived organizational support, and intent to stay in Korean specialist trauma nurses.

METHODS:
We enrolled 53 specialist trauma nurses from eight regional trauma centers in Korea. Data on role conflict, occupational stress, perceived organizational support, and intent to stay were collected using a structured questionnaire. Mann–Whitney U test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Bonferroni post hoc tests were conducted to examine differences in intent to stay. Spearman's correlation coefficients were used to examine correlations between the key variables.

RESULTS:
High intent to stay was associated with periodic job training, job satisfaction, and perceived high workload. Role conflict was positively correlated with occupational stress, whereas both were negatively correlated with perceived organizational support. Intent to stay was negatively correlated with occupational stress and positively correlated with perceived organizational support.

CONCLUSIONS:
Effective improvement measures that lower occupational stress and increase perceived organizational support will help maintain the positions of specialist trauma nurses. These results highlight the need to specify the scope of practice and implement practical measures like career development programs that enhance professional nursing competencies to retain specialist trauma nurses.
Factors Associated With the Intention to Use HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis for Young and Older Men Who Have Sex With Men
Authors: Hulstein Sebastiaan H. , Zimmermann Hanne M.L. , de la Court Feline , Matser Amy A. , Schim van der Loeff Maarten F. , Hoornenborg Elske , Davidovich Udi , Prins Maria , de Vries Henry J.C. 
Published: January 2022

Background
The uptake of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) against HIV is low among young men who have sex with men (MSM) in the Netherlands. Studying the intention to use PrEP among non-PrEP using young and older MSM can guide health authorities in developing new prevention campaigns to optimize PrEP uptake.

Methods
We investigated the sociodemographic, behavioral, and psychosocial factors associated with a high PrEP use intention in the coming 6 months among 93 young MSM (aged ≤25 years), participating in an online survey, and 290 older MSM (aged ≥26 years), participating in an open, prospective cohort in 2019 to 2020.

Results
Perceiving PrEP as an important prevention tool was associated with a high PrEP use intention among young and older MSM. Among young MSM, a high level of PrEP knowledge and believing that PrEP users take good care of themselves and others were associated with a high PrEP use intention. Among older MSM, 2 or more anal sex partners, chemsex, high HIV risk perception, and believing PrEP increases sexual pleasure were associated with a high PrEP use intention. Believing PrEP leads to adverse effects was associated with a low intention to use PrEP among older MSM.

Conclusions
To conclude, we showed that both behavioral and psychosocial factors were associated with a high PrEP use intention among young and older MSM. In addition to focusing on sexual behavior and HIV risk, future prevention campaigns and counseling on PrEP could incorporate education, endorsing positive beliefs, and disarming negative beliefs to improve the uptake of PrEP in young and older MSM.
Rates of Appropriate Treatment and Follow-Up Testing After a Gonorrhea and/or Chlamydia Infection in an Urban Network of Federally Qualified Health Center Systems
Authors: McWhirter Laura , Lou Yingbo , Reingold Sarah , Warsh Sarah , Thomas-Gale Tara , Haynes Christine , Rinehart Deborah , Wendel Karen A. , Frost Holly M. 
Published: January 2022

Background
Reinfection and partner transmission are common with Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT). We assessed treatment and follow-up laboratory testing for GC and CT and evaluated associations with patient- and system-level factors.

Methods
The analysis included positive GC and/or CT nucleic acid amplification test results from patients aged 14 to 24 years at a federally qualified health center system site in Denver, CO, from January 2018 to December 2019. Outcomes assessed include treatment within 14 days, HIV/syphilis testing within 6 months, and repeat GC and CT testing within 2 to 6 months. Bivariate and multivariable regression modeling assessed associated factors.

Results
Among 27,168 GC/CT nucleic acid amplification tests performed, 1.8% (484) were positive for GC and 7.8% (2125) were positive for CT. Within the assessed time frames, 87% (2275) of patients were treated, 54.1% (1411) had HIV testing, 50.1% (1306) had syphilis testing, and 39.9% (1040) had GC and CT retesting. Older patients were more likely to receive treatment (adjusted odds ratio 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.00–1.27; P = 0.05) than younger patients, whereas males were less likely to receive GC and CT retesting (adjusted odds ratio, 0.19; 95% confidence interval, 0.11–0.33; P < 0.001) than females. Patients treated on the day of testing were less likely to receive follow-up laboratory tests than those treated 2 to 14 days after.

Conclusions
Although most patients received antibiotic treatment, only about half received HIV/syphilis testing and less than half received GC and CT retesting. It is critical to find innovative strategies to improve treatment and follow-up management of these infections to decrease complications, reduce transmission, and combat the rising rates of sexually transmitted infections.
The Importance of Fifth Anterior Intercostal Vessels following Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy
Authors: Nahabedian Maurice Y. , Angrigiani Claudio , Rancati Alberto , Irigo Marcelo , Acquaviva Juan , Rancati Agustin 
Published: January 2022

Background:
The authors describe the vascular anatomy of the fifth anterior intercostal artery perforator and its role for perfusion of the nipple-areola complex following nipple-sparing mastectomy.

Methods:
Twenty fresh cadavers were injected with 20 cc of colored latex through the internal mammary artery. The catheter was placed at the level of the second intercostal space after removal of the rib. The fifth intercostal space was dissected under magnification to observe the origin and trajectory of the fifth anterior intercostal artery perforator. Six selective computed tomographic angiograms of the fifth intercostal artery perforator were performed. A clinical case of nipple-sparing mastectomy in a woman with mammary hypertrophy is provided to demonstrate the utility of preserving the fifth anterior intercostal artery perforator.

Results:
The fifth anterior intercostal artery perforator was consistently observed in all the cases and confirmed by angiography. The perforator gives rise to several branches that traverse in all directions. The ascending branches of the fifth anterior intercostal artery perforator are directed toward the nipple-areola complex and course within the subcutaneous layer between the skin and the parenchyma. The fourth and fifth anterior intercostal artery perforators are independent of one another.

Conclusion:
The main ascending branch of the fifth anterior intercostal artery perforator reaches the nipple-areola complex by the subcutaneous tissue independently of the Würinger fascia.