bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring spiral narratives with immediate feedback in immersive virtual reality serious games for earthquake emergency training
Authors: Feng Zhenan , González Vicente A. , Mutch Carol , Amor Robert , Cabrera-Guerrero Guillermo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVarious attempts and approaches have been made to teach individuals about the knowledge of best practice for earthquake emergencies. Among them, Immersive Virtual Reality Serious Games (IVR SGs) have been suggested as an effective tool for emergency training. The notion of IVR SGs is consistent with the concept of problem-based gaming (PBG), where trainees interact with games in a loop of forming a playing strategy, applying the strategy, observing consequences, and making reflection. PBG triggers reflection-on-action, enabling trainees to reform perceptions and establish knowledge after making a response to a scenario. However, in the literature of PBG, little effort has been made for trainees to reflect while they are making a response (i.e., reflection-in-action) in a scenario. In addition, trainees do not have the possibility to adjust their responses and reshape their behaviors according to their reflection-in-action. In order to overcome these limitations, this study proposes a game mechanism, which integrates spiral narratives with immediate feedback, to underpin reflection-in-action and reflective redo in PBG. An IVR SG training system suited to earthquake emergency training was developed, incorporating the proposed game mechanism. A controlled experiment with 99 university students and staff was conducted. Participants were divided into three groups, with three interventions tested: a spiral narrated IVR SG, a linear narrated IVR SG, and a leaflet. Both narrated IVR SGs were effective in terms of immediate knowledge gain and self-efficacy improvement. However, challenges and opportunities for future research have been suggested.
Self-assembling Molecular Medicine for the Subacute Phase of Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Muraoka Takahiro , Ajioka Itsuki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIschemic stroke leads to acute neuron death and forms an injured core, triggering delayed cell death at the penumbra. The impaired brain functions after ischemic stroke are hardly recovered because of the limited regenerative properties. However, recent rodent intervention studies manipulating the extracellular environments at the subacute phase shed new light on the regenerative potency of the injured brain. This review introduces the rational design of artificial extracellular matrix (ECM) mimics using supramolecular peptidic scaffolds, which self-assemble via non-covalent bonds and form hydrogels. The facile customizability of the peptide structures allows tuning the hydrogels' physical and biochemical properties, such as charge states, hydrophobicity, cell adhesiveness, stiffness, and stimuli responses. Supramolecular peptidic materials can create safer and more economical drugs than polymer materials and cell transplantation. We also discuss the importance of activating developmental programs for the recovery at the subacute phase of ischemic stroke. Self-assembling molecular medicine mimicking the ECMs and activating developmental programs may stand as a new drug modality of regenerative medicine in various tissues.
Multiscale simulations of uni-polar hole transport in (In,Ga)N quantum well systems
Authors: O’Donovan Michael , Farrell Patricio , Streckenbach Timo , Koprucki Thomas , Schulz Stefan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the impact of the alloy micro-structure on carrier transport becomes important when designing III-nitride-based light emitting diode (LED) structures. In this work, we study the impact of alloy fluctuations on the hole carrier transport in (In,Ga)N single and multi-quantum well systems. To disentangle hole transport from electron transport and carrier recombination processes, we focus our attention on uni-polar (p-i-p) systems. The calculations employ our recently established multi-scale simulation framework that connects atomistic tight-binding theory with a macroscale drift-diffusion model. In addition to alloy fluctuations, we pay special attention to the impact of quantum corrections on hole transport. Our calculations indicate that results from a virtual crystal approximation present an upper limit for the hole transport in a p-i-p structure in terms of the current-voltage characteristics. Thus we find that alloy fluctuations can have a detrimental effect on hole transport in (In,Ga)N quantum well systems, in contrast to uni-polar electron transport. However, our studies also reveal that the magnitude by which the random alloy results deviate from virtual crystal approximation data depends on several factors, e.g. how quantum corrections are treated in the transport calculations.
European Society of Clinical Pharmacy definition of the term clinical pharmacy and its relationship to pharmaceutical care: a position paper
Authors: Dreischulte Tobias , van den Bemt Bart , Steurbaut Stephane ,   the European Society of Clinical Pharmacy
Published: June 2022

AbstractMany definitions of the term clinical pharmacy exist, but a number of ambiguities remain. In order to clarify the European Society of Clinical Pharmacy (ESCP) position on what defines clinical pharmacy, a consultation exercise was conducted among ESCP members with the findings used as the basis for an updated definition. The updated definition clarifies that clinical pharmacy (1) represents both a professional practice and field of research, (2) aims to optimise the utilisation of medicines in order to achieve person-centered and public health goals, (3) as a practice encompasses cognitive, managerial and interpersonal activities targeting all stages of the medicines use process, and as a field of research generates knowledge that informs clinical decision-making, health care organisation or policy, (4) as a practice is restricted to pharmacists, (5) can be practiced regardless of setting, and (6) encompasses pharmaceutical care but is not restricted to it.
Hearing chimeras
Authors: Di Bona Elvira 
Published: June 2022

AbstractI argue that chimericity is a property that we typically experience when listening to multi-instrumental music. It is the property of hearing as a unified whole a melody or a harmony that does not belong to any single sound source but instead consists of the assembling of melodic or harmonic fragments coming from different sources. Chimericity is not reducible to the low-level audible properties of pitch and loudness; it is cognized at the perceptual level thanks to the auditory mechanism of primitive grouping. My aim is to show that chimericity is a perceptual property, one that we can genuinely hear. In developing this view, I engage with the debate within the philosophy of sense perception between rich vs thin views of the content of perceptual experience.
Extreme environmental temperatures and motorcycle crashes: a time-series analysis
Authors: Zare Sakhvidi Mohammad Javad , Yang Jun , Mohammadi Danial , FallahZadeh Hussein , Mehrparvar Amirhooshang , Stevenson Mark , Basagaña Xavier , Gasparrini Antonio , Dadvand Payam 
Published: June 2022

AbstractExtreme temperature could affect traffic crashes by influencing road safety, vehicle performance, and drivers’ behavior and abilities. Studies evaluating the impacts of extreme temperatures on the risk of traffic crashes have mainly overlooked the potential role of vehicle air conditioners. The aim of this study, therefore, was to evaluate the effect of exposure to extreme cold and hot temperatures on seeking medical attention due to motorcycle crashes. The study was conducted in Iran by using medical attendance for motorcycle crashes from March 2011 to June 2017. Data on daily minimum, mean and maximum temperature (°C), relative humidity (%), wind velocity (km/h), and precipitation (mm/day) were collected. We developed semi-parametric generalized additive models following a quasi-Poisson distribution with the distributed nonlinear lag model to estimate the immediate and lagged associations (reported as relative risk [RR], and 95% confidence interval [CI]). Between March 2011 and June 2017, 36,079 medical attendances due to motorcycle road traffic crashes were recorded (15.8 ± 5.92 victims per day). In this time period, the recorded temperature ranged from −11.2 to 45.4 °C (average: 25.5 ± 11.0 °C). We found an increased risk of medical attendance for motorcycle crashes (based on maximum daily temperature) at both extremely cold (1st percentile) and hot (99th percentile) temperatures and also hot (75th percentile) temperatures, mainly during lags 0 to 3 days (e.g., RR: 1.12 [95% CI: 1.05: 1.20]; RR: 1.08 [95% CI: 1.01: 1.16]; RR: 1.20 [95% CI: 1.09: 1.32] at lag0 for extremely cold, hot, and extremely hot conditions, respectively). The risk estimates for extremely hot temperatures were larger than hot and extremely cold temperatures. We estimated that 11.01% (95% CI: 7.77:14.06) of the medical attendance for motorcycle crashes is estimated to be attributable to non-optimal temperature (using mean temperature as exposure variable). Our findings have important public health messaging, given the considerable burden associated with road traffic injury, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
Improving the measurement of self-regulated learning using multi-channel data
Authors: Fan Yizhou , Lim Lyn , van der Graaf Joep , Kilgour Jonathan , Raković Mladen , Moore Johanna , Molenaar Inge , Bannert Maria , Gašević Dragan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn recent years, unobtrusive measures of self-regulated learning (SRL) processes based on log data recorded by digital learning environments have attracted increasing attention. However, researchers have also recognised that simple navigational log data or time spent on pages are often not fine-grained enough to study complex SRL processes. Recent advances in data-capturing technologies enabled researchers to go beyond simple navigational logs to measure SRL processes with multi-channel data. What multi-channel data can reveal about SRL processes, and to what extent can the addition of peripheral and eye-tracking data with navigational log data change and improve the measurement of SRL are key questions that require further investigation. Hence, we conducted a study and collected learning trace data generated by 25 university students in a laboratory setting, that aimed to address this problem by enhancing navigational log data with peripheral and eye-tracking data. We developed a trace-based measurement protocol of SRL, which interpreted raw trace data from multi-channel data into SRL processes. Specifically, the study compared the frequency and duration of SRL processes detected, how much duration and times of occurrences of the detected SRL processes were affected or refined. We also used a process mining technique to analyses how temporal sequencing of the detected SRL processes changed by enriching navigational log data with peripheral and eye-tracking data. The results revealed that by adding new data channels, we improved the capture of learning actions and detected SRL processes while enhancing the granularity of the measurement. In comparison to the use of navigational logs only, the completeness of temporal sequencing relationships between SRL processes with multi-channel data improved. In addition, we concluded that eye-tracking data is valuable for measuring and extracting SRL processes, and it should receive more attention in the future.
The Development and Validation of the Ontological Addiction Scale
Authors: Barrows Paul , Shonin Edo , Sapthiang Supakyada , Griffiths Mark D. , Ducasse Déborah , Van Gordon William 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Ontological Addiction Theory is a metaphysical theory of mental illness which conceptualises psychological suffering in terms of excessive ego-centeredness. This study aimed to develop and validate the Ontological Addiction Scale (OAS) and compare OAS scores with mental health measures. A 31-item prototype scale was developed based on traditional Buddhist theory and contemporary models of addiction. An ego-centeredness form of the Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory (FFNI) was the main criterion measure. For mental health measures, the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalised Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) were used. The prototype OAS and two shorter versions showed excellent internal consistency and test–retest reliability. Construct validity was evidenced by medium to large correlations with criterion measures. OAS scores showed strong correlations with PHQ-9, GAD-7 and RSES, suggesting a clear relationship between OAS and mental health. The OAS appears to be a valid and reliable instrument suitable for assessing OA.
Prior Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Impacts 30-day Quality of Life after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Evidence from the Victorian Cardiac Outcomes Registry (VCOR)
Authors: Ho Chau L. B. , Brennan Angela , Dinh Diem T. , Lefkovits Jeffrey , Liew Danny , Si Si , Reid Christopher M. , Norman Richard 
Published: June 2022

AbstractQuality of life following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) has been reported as lower than non-CABG patients, however previous reports pre-date modern developments in PCI and cardiac surgery. This study aimed to examine the 30-day QoL after PCI between patients with and without prior CABG using a contemporary dataset. A retrospective analysis of the Victorian Cardiac Outcomes Registry was undertaken. This study included 36,799 patients who completed the EQ-5D questionnaire that was used to assess the 30-day QoL and was compared between groups with and without prior CABG at baseline. Most of the participants were older than 65 years, more than half were male and had PCI due to acute coronary symptoms (ACS) and nearly 90% of patients received drug eluting stents. Compared to the ‘no prior CABG’ group, the ‘CABG’ group had a significantly higher rate of reporting a health problem (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.10–1.53), presence of a problem in mobility (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.15–1.75), personal care (OR 1.49, 95%CI 1.13–1.97) and usual activities (OR 1.39, 95%CI 1.15–1.68), pain/discomfort (OR 1.31, 95%CI 1.11–1.54), and anxiety/depression (OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.02–1.42). Despite modern developments in both PCI and CABG, our study showed a consistent negative association between prior CABG status and 30-day QoL following PCI. There is a need for better targeted cardiac rehabilitation in patients with prior CABG to address their greater relative risk of experiencing poor health.
Latent Class Profiles of Police Violence Exposure in 4 US Cities and Their Associations with Anticipation of Police Violence and Mental Health Outcomes
Authors: Salas-Hernández Leslie , DeVylder Jordan E. , Cooper Hannah L. F. , Duarte Catherine dP , Sewell Alyasah A. , Walker Elizabeth Reisinger , Haardörfer Regine 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWhile studying polyvictimization is well established within the broader violence literature and applied to other types of violence, it has yet to be documented whether polyvictimization also presents in patterns of police violence exposure (i.e., neglectful, psychological, physical, and sexual police violence). Our objective was to analyze latent patterns of co-occurring police contact and their associations with mental health. By applying latent class analysis (LCA) methods to the 2016 and 2017 Surveys of Police-Public Encounters (N = 2615), conducted in 4 Northeastern US cities, we identified classes of direct and vicarious police violence and compared sociodemographic characteristics among classes using multinomial regression. Classes were regressed on mental health outcomes. LCA identified four classes of police contact. Compared to Positive Police Contact (33.0%) class members, members of the (a) Extreme Police Violence (4.0%) class reported higher anticipation of future police victimization, psychological distress, and suicide ideations and attempts; they were more likely to be Black, cisgender men, and Latinx; (b) members of the High Police Violence (23.6%) class reported higher anticipation of future police victimization and psychological distress; they were more likely to be Black, Native American, and multiracial; members of the (c) Low Police Contact (39.5%) class had comparable mental health outcomes; they were more likely to report a household income < $19,999. Notably, no participants were unexposed to police contact. Polyvictimization presents in experiences of police violence and disproportionately impacts structurally marginalized people.
Ceratocystiopsis spp. associated with pine- and spruce-infesting bark beetles in Norway
Authors: Jankowiak Robert , Solheim Halvor , Bilański Piotr , Mukhopadhyay Jigeesha , Hausner Georg 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe genus Ceratocystiopsis (Ophiostomatales, Ascomycota) includes 21 species, which can be found mainly in association with bark beetles in the Northern Hemisphere. A survey of Ceratocystiopsis species associated with bark beetles infesting Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris in Norway yielded 126 isolates, representing Ceratocystiopsis neglecta and Ceratocystiopsis rollhanseniana, and four species described herein as Ceratocystiopsis chalcographii, Ceratocystiopsis debeeria, Ceratocystiopsis norroenii and Ceratocystiopsis troendelagii. The new taxa were morphologically characterised and phylogenetically analysed on the basis of sequence data of multiple loci (ITS, LSU, beta-tubulin (TUB2), calmodulin (CAL) and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1) genes). Ceratocystiopsis norroenii and C. rollhanseniana were the most frequently isolated species, and the latter species had the wider vector range.
Precipitation Kinetics During Post-heat Treatment of an Additively Manufactured Ferritic Stainless Steel
Authors: Chou Chia-Ying , Karlsson Dennis , Pettersson Niklas Holländer , Helander Thomas , Harlin Peter , Sahlberg Martin , Jansson Ulf , Odqvist Joakim , Lindwall Greta 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The microstructure response of laser-powder bed fusion (L-PBF)-processed ferritic stainless steel (AISI 441) during post-heat treatments is studied in detail. Focus is on the precipitation kinetics of the Nb-rich phases: Laves (Fe2Nb) and the cubic carbo-nitride (NbC), as well as the grain structure evolution. The evolution of the precipitates is characterized using scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) and the experimental results are used to calibrate precipitation kinetics simulations using the precipitation module (TC-PRISMA) within the Thermo-Calc Software package. The calculations reproduce the main trend for both the mean radii for the Laves phase and the NbC, and the amount of Laves phase, as a function of temperature. The calibrated model can be used to optimize the post-heat treatment of additively manufactured ferritic stainless steel components and offer a creator tool for process and structure linkages in an integrated computational materials engineering (ICME) framework for alloy and process development of additively manufactured ferritic steels.
TAVI Under Pressure: Intra-balloon Pressure Profiles During Balloon-Expandable TAVR—First Data from a Feasibility Study
Authors: Noterdaeme Timothée , Marx Nikolaus , Theiss Hans , Orban Martin , Roden Daniel , Massberg Steffen , Braun Daniel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOur study investigated the feasibility to measure pressure profiles inside the inflation balloon during direct implantation of Edwards Sapien 3 ultra-prostheses using an additional syringe with a digital pressure read-out. Pressure profiles of 15 patients for 26 mm valve size were analyzed. Uniform patterns were found for 5 patients similar to those of previously acquired in vitro curves. 10 patients showed strikingly different pressure profiles compared to the above-mentioned group, marked by an earlier pressure increase, single or multiple pressure drops or higher overall pressure. Measuring the percentage of under-expansion of the prostheses, using calibrated angiographic projections revealed a significant difference between both groups. Our data raises the hypothesis that the acquisition of pressure profiles might help to better understand not only the implantation procedure itself but also the highly individual patient-device interaction, offering new information and a new perspective on optimization of TAVR implantation in the future.
A tEMTing target? Clinical and experimental evidence for epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the progression of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (a scoping systematic review)
Authors: Genenger Benjamin , Perry Jay R. , Ashford Bruce , Ranson Marie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a disease with globally rising incidence and poor prognosis for patients with advanced or metastatic disease. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a driver of metastasis in many carcinomas, and cSCC is no exception. We aimed to provide a systematic overview of the clinical and experimental evidence for EMT in cSCC, with critical appraisal of type and quality of the methodology used. We then used this information as rationale for potential drug targets against advanced and metastatic cSCC. All primary literature encompassing clinical and cell-based or xenograft experimental studies reporting on the role of EMT markers or related signalling pathways in the progression of cSCC were considered. A screen of 3443 search results yielded 86 eligible studies comprising 44 experimental studies, 22 clinical studies, and 20 studies integrating both. From the clinical studies a timeline illustrating the alteration of EMT markers and related signalling was evident based on clinical progression of the disease. The experimental studies reveal connections of EMT with a multitude of factors such as genetic disorders, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and matrix remodelling via matrix metalloproteinases and urokinase plasminogen activator. Additionally, EMT was found to be closely tied to environmental factors as well as to stemness in cSCC via NFκB and β-catenin. We conclude that the canonical EGFR, canonical TGF-βR, PI3K/AKT and NFκB signalling are the four signalling pillars that induce EMT in cSCC and could be valuable therapeutic targets. Despite the complexity, EMT markers and pathways are desirable biomarkers and drug targets for the treatment of advanced or metastatic cSCC.
Graphical Abstract
Carrier detection probabilities for autosomal recessive variants in unrelated and consanguineous couples — an evaluation of the 86 genes of the ACMG ‘Tier 3’ panel
Authors: Schmidtke Jörg , Krawczak Michael 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCarrier screening for autosomal recessive variants has become a cornerstone of community and public health genetics. While the first carrier screening programs were confined to conditions with relatively high prevalence, and hence well-known carrier frequency, the number of candidate genes has increased greatly since the advent of high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies. The epidemiological database of the ensuing gene panels is mostly sparse, and judgement of their performance is, therefore, anything but straightforward. We therefore derived estimates of the carrier detection probabilities among non-consanguineous and consanguineous couples as expected using the ‘Tier 3’ carrier screening gene panel recently recommended by the American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG). For non-Finnish Europeans, the respective estimate for unrelated couples equals 0.63%, implying that the ACMG Tier 3 panel accounts for over 90% of the genetic load for autosomal recessive diseases in this population. Among the offspring of first cousins, the corresponding incidence is expected to be tenfold higher, an increase still consistent with previous estimates of the overall risk of birth defects for this type of mating. Our considerations are intended to aid the implementation of carrier screening programs and to provide additional support to reproductive counselling and to obtaining informed consent.