bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ASPECTS: interobserver agreement between radiologist
Authors: Andropova P. L. , Gavrilov P. V. , Savintseva Zh. I. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction. The Alberta stroke programme early CT score (ASPECTS) was developed for a unified approach to the diagnosis of Acute Ischemic Stroke. ASPECTS is currently used as a standard method for assessment of ischemic volumes in the anterior cerebral circulation. However, the scale is not fully standardized, which is a source of intersubject variability.The purpose of the review is to gain an understanding the advantages and limitations of the ASPECTS scale, as well as the level of inter-expert and intra-expert agreement.Results. A literary analysis demonstrates most researchers have identified many factors that affect both the interpretation and assessment of the distribution of ischemic changes by ASPECTS. These signs are diverse and include a wide range of parameters: from methodological standardization to personal factors of experts. Also, studies on the effectiveness of the ASPECTS scale showed quite heterogeneous results, which reflect a wide degree of variability in inter-expert agreement.Conclusion. The ASPECTS is a systematic, reliable and practical method that is widely used in modern clinical practice. However, the possibility of variability of expert assessments is the main limitation of its application. The pronounced variety of results and the heterogeneity of intrasubject variability does not currently allow us to consider this scale as a truly reliable version of a standardized assessment and may affect the further treatment process. To solve this problem, it looks promising to introduce into clinical practice the methods of semi-automatic and automatic processing of CT images using artificial intelligence systems. But for the full acceptance of such systems into clinical practice, their wide clinical approbation on independent sets of different data is necessary.
The central nervous system involvement in listeria monocytogenes infection (clinical case)
Authors: Marchenko N. V. , Dubitsky D. L. , Voitenkov V. B. , Bedova M. A. , Klimkin A. V. , Novokshonov D. Yu. , Skripchenko N. V. , Lobzin Yu. V. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction. This report of Listeria monocytogenes infection with the involvment of central nervous system is important due to the increased frequency either in adults or children as well as the usually severe course and high mortality in generalized forms, especially with the CNS involvement. The demonstration of this clinical case, especialy the features of structural changes in the CNS with MRI in the disease’s dynamics, reflects the complexity of differential diagnosis and the evaluation of therapy effectiveness.Purpose of the study. To present a clinical case of CNS lesion in a 7-year-old child, the causative factor of which was listeria infection, with a detailed description of structural changes in the CNS using MRI studies.Material and methods. There is a clinical observation of a patient (child) with a diagnosis of listeriosis, secondary generalized form, extremely severe clinical course, with lesions of the central nervous system (meningoencephalitis). A series of magnetic resonance imaging studies of the brain in dynamics against the background of treatment are analyzed. Structural changes were assessed using multiparameter MRI of the brain using the following modes: T1-weighted, T2-weighted, Flair, T1-weighted with contrast, diffusionweighted and diffusion tensor imaging (DWI / DTI), susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI), MR perfusion, MR angiography.Results. The revealed structural changes in the brain during dynamic MRI examination, as well as their correlation with the data of anamnesis and clinical and laboratory data, made it possible to confirm meningoencephalitis, as well as to evaluate and make adjustments to the treatment.Conclusion. The described clinical case, the features of the course of the disease and MRI changes, suggest that dynamic MRI research is of great importance in identifying and assessing (including dynamics) structural changes in the brain substance in patients with neurological disorders in infectious diseases. The obtained data can be used by the attending physicians to assess and correct the ongoing therapy, to determine the required amount of rehabilitation.
Radiation methods in the diagnosis of gastric doubling in children
Authors: Ilyina N. A. , Golubeva M. V. , Myagkova I. E. , Umansky A. A. , Matyunin A. M. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction. Stomach doubling is one of the rarest types of gastrointestinal doubling in the system of pathology of abdominal organs in children. Stomach doubling occurs in 4–8% of cases of gastrointestinal doubling. To a greater extent, it is diagnosed in girls. The rarest localization of doubling is a small curvature of the stomach — 7%.The purpose of the study: to present the informative value of radiation methods in the diagnosis of gastric doubling by the example of a clinical case.Material and methods. The work is based on the analysis of clinical data, instrumental, histological studies performed in a children’s hospital in St. Petersburg.Results: An 8-year-old patient was hospitalized for further examination for cystic formation of the abdominal cavity, detected antenatally at 36 weeks of gestation. At the age of 2 years, MSCT angiography of the abdominal cavity was performed and a differential series between a liver cyst and a doubling of the stomach was exposed. At the control ultrasound, further negative dynamics in size. An MRI revealed that the picture most likely corresponds to a cystic doubling of the stomach. Indications for surgical treatment are exposed. Histologically confirmed variant of stomach doubling.Conclusion. The multimodal approach allows timely diagnosis of the presented pathology, differential diagnosis of gastric doubling with rare localization and determination of indications for surgical treatment.
Analisis Sifat Fisika Tanah pada Lahan Perkebunan Kakao Rakyat di Desa Tolai Barat Sulawesi Tengah
Authors: Monde Anthon , Zainuddin Rahmat , Astawa Ngakan P. 
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan pada areal yang ditanami kakao dengan jenis Inceptisols dan Entisols. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan beberapa sifat fisika tanah akibat pemanfaata sebagai lahan kakao. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Jenis Inceptisols pada penggunaan lahan kakao pada kelerengan data hingga landai memiliki tekstur lempung berpasir hingga lempung berdebu, warna tanah didominasi warna coklat tua, kadar air kapasitas lapang tergolong sedang hingga rendah. Kemudian bobot isi tanah dengan kriteria berat (>1,4 g.cm-3), permeabilitas tanah agak lambat hingga lambat, kandungan C-organik tanah rendah (<2%) dan porositas tanah pada jenis tanah ini kurang baik (<50%). Jenis tanah Entisols pada penggunaan lahan kakao dengan kelerengan landai hingga agak curam memiliki tekstur lempung berpasir, warna tanah didominasi warna coklat, kadar air kapasitas lapang tergolong rendah (<20%). Selain itu bobot isi tanah kategori berat, permeabilitas tanah agak lambat, kandungan C-organik tanah rendah, dan porositas buruk. Inceptisols dan Entisols yang ditanami kakao berbeda secara nyata dalam sifat permeabilitas dan porositasnya.
Determinants of impulsive and obsessive buying Behavior: A Moderation and Mediation analysis
Authors: Ur Rehman Hafiz Ihsan , Ahmed Zulfiqar 
Published: May 2022

This research seeks to investigate the factors that make young adults materialistic and the outcomes of their materialistic approach. the study focuses on mediating the role of materialism between the contextual factors (celebrity endorsement and peer influence) and compulsive buying (impulsive and obsessive buying) is the focus of the study. It also looks at the moderating role of the use of social media. The data was collected from undergraduate university students residing in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The structural modelling technique was used to analyze the data. The study results show that materialistic young adults are more involved in impulsive and obsessive buying than others. The results also confirm the findings of previous\researches conducted in other cultures. It also confirms that materialism mediates the relationship between sociological factors (celebrity endorsement and peer influence) and compulsive buying behaviour (impulsive and obsessive buying behaviour). Moreover, it proves the moderating role of social media use in determining and affecting these relationships. This research provides guidelines for the researchers, policymakers, and managers.
PENGELOLAAN PEMBELAJARAN DISCOVERY UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR TINGKAT TINGGI PADA SISWA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Utaminingsih Sri , Inayah Nanik , Shufa Naela Khusna Faela 
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study is to describe the management of Discovery Learning onalternative energy materials to improve the high-level thinking skills of fourth gradestudents at SD Negeri Bintoro 5 Demak.The research method used is descriptive qualitative method. This research was conducted at SD Bintoro 5 Demak. This study used purposive sampling technique, the sample in this study was selected for class IV SD Bintoro 5 Demak. Data collection techniques used are tests, observations, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique used quantitative descriptive analysis.The result of the research is that the management of Discovery Learning which consists of planning and implementation has been carried out according to the syntax, while the evaluation is done with tests. Furthermore, the results of children's higher-order thinking skills after participating in learning are very high. The percentage results on analytical skills are 84% in the very good category, the level of student understanding is 87% in the very good category, the problem solving ability is 72% in the good category, the ability to conclude is 86% in the very good category, and the ability to evaluate the findings by 75% with good category. The conclusion of this study is that learning management with the Discovery Learning model can improve students' higher order thinking skills.
O Novo Ensino Médio Paulista
Authors: Carvalho Celso do Prado Ferraz de , Cavalcanti Fabio 
Published: May 2022

A reforma do ensino médio aprovada em 2017 e a nova BNCC, finalizada em 2018, propõem mudanças significativas para o ensino médio e estabelecem novas bases para sua organização. Esse processo, em nosso entendimento inicial, acentua os problemas que o ensino médio já possui, mantém a lógica da dualidade que o caracteriza e cria outros problemas. Formar integralmente o aluno e prepará-lo para o trabalho continuam a ser as questões centrais do debate, embora postas em nova linguagem. Diante das normas definidas pela reforma do ensino médio e pela BNCC, vivenciamos neste momento o processo de implementação destas reformas. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar aspectos gerais da reforma do ensino médio e da BNCC, especificamente a flexibilização do currículo e a centralidade assumida pelos itinerários formativos, tendo como referência o processo de implementação pela Secretaria da Educação no Estado de São Paulo (SEDUC-SP) do Novo Ensino Médio Paulista.
A SEGURANÇA JURÍDICA COMO PRINCÍPIO GARANTIDOR DA CERTEZA E PREVISIBILIDADE DO DIREITO TRIBUTÁRIO
Authors: De Araújo Renata Elisandra 
Published: May 2022

A segurança jurídica como princípio constitucional tributário é um importante instrumento de preservação da confiança depositada pelos contribuintes e instituições na previsibilidade e estabilidade do ordenamento jurídico. Constitui-se em na garantia de que os atos e negócios tributáveis praticados com fundamento em legislação e jurisprudência consolidada não serão prejudicados por modificações repentinas e abruptas.
Presente, futuro en busca de la cohesión y la gestión de la frustración a través de los estilos de aprendizaje
Authors: Castellanos Vega Reina , Izaguerri Mateo Marta , Alonso Marín Adriana 
Published: May 2022

Este estudio es resultado del trabajo realizado en el programa de formación del profesorado HIPATIA. El objetivo principal es trabajar la cohesión de grupo, el autoconcepto y la tolerancia a la frustración. Para ello se diseñó, implementó y evaluó una propuesta educativa para alumnos del Colegio Rural Agrupado Martín del Río, con un total 10 alumnos de educación primaria de varios cursos, 135 futuros profesores de las asignaturas de psicología de educación y desarrollo del grado de magisterio en educación primaria de la Universidad de Zaragoza, tres profesores tanto universitario como del centro educativo. Se utiliza una metodología selectiva con un diseño ex post facto, siendo el sociograma y el cuestionario de estilos de aprendizaje los instrumentos utilizados para la recogida de datos. Los resultados indican que cuando los futuros profesores trabajan en casos reales utilizando sus estilos de aprendizaje y dan practicidad a los conocimientos adquiridos, generan nuevas ideas y estrategias para las áreas de interés solicitadas por el colegio y dirigidas para cada alumno según formas de adquisición del conocimiento. Se concluye la necesidad de incorporar el nuevo método de enseñanza, obteniendo unos resultados positivos, mejorando la convivencia y la gestión de la frustración en los alumnos.
Perfil clínico e principais distúrbios alimentares presentes na infância: uma revisão narrativa da literatura
Authors: Soares Sâmela Vitória Moura , Bezerra Ana Beatriz , Rodrigues Beatriz Carvalho , Nascimento Gabriela Fonseca , Queiroz Júlia Lara Lago de , Faraco Luís Felipe Gadotti , Lima Nathália Ferreira de , Cunha Sarah Goveia de Araujo , Albuquerque Sofia Rabelo Cavalcanti de , Lopes Bruno Augusto 
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: Expor os principais distúrbios alimentares presentes na infância, demonstrando suas causas, quadro clínico, consequências e manejo do paciente. Revisão bibliográfica: A presença de distúrbios alimentares é comum durante a infância. Cita-se como principais exemplos a desnutrição e a obesidade. No contexto pediátrico, é importante ressaltar a natureza multicausal da obesidade, bem como o seu largo espectro de disfunções, como as metabólicas, inflamatórias e endócrinas. A desnutrição é um estado em que há um desequilíbrio nutricional que resulta da ingestão insuficiente de nutrientes para manter os padrões fisiológicos normais do indivíduo. Tal distúrbio está associado com perda de apetite, imunidade deficiente, alterações no metabolismo, assim como maiores chances de desencadear doenças crônicas futuras. Considerações finais: A nutrição infantil deve ser vista como prioridade. A obesidade está associada a puberdade precoce e a dislipidemia. A desnutrição se apresenta nas formas energética proteica e com redução de vitaminas. Com isso, há consequências como disfunção do sistema imune e doenças cardiovasculares. É de suma importância o balanço nutricional adequado, o que torna necessário maior atenção e oferta de serviços assistenciais para a população infantojuvenil.
Comparision of speed and endurance between short and long distance runner of Kashmir Division
Authors: Dar Nazir Ahmad 
Published: May 2022

The main idea and aim of this comparative study is to assess and compare the speed and endurance among long distance and short distance athletes of Kashmir division. For this comparative study (60) subjects were selected, 30 athletes were long distance runner and 30 were short distance runner all were selected from Kashmir division city which were selected randomly from various disticte of Kashmir division for the study. The the statistical criteria used for selecting the subjects was through simple random sampling. All the athletes from both the categories were of the age ranged between 25-35 years. To compare and analyze the speed and endurance among long distance and short distance athletes of Kashmir division. Of the athletes of both the groups two different tests or equipments were used. For speed A digital Stop watch for recording the distance covered per unit time and for endurance Heart Rate count. Vo2max. Bench for Cardiovascular was used. The comparison analysis of data was done by using statistical technique ‘t’- test for finding the significance difference speed and endurance of long and short distance runner of Kashmir division the level of significance was set at 0.05 levels (p<0.05). The calculated means and standard deviation of speed and endurance of long distance distance athletes of Kashmir division selected variables of industrial inhabitants viz. speed( 12.82 ± 1.07 endurance VO2 Max is ( 58.24 ± 7.25 ) and the findings means and standard deviation of selected variables of short distance atheletes of Kashmir division in speed (13.87± 2.93), endurance (448 ± 66.39), Hence the Non-industrial inhabitants were found with sound cardio respiratory capacities as compared to Industrial Inhabitants the difference might be due to the pollution of industries which directly or indirectly affects the population (people) residing in industrial area.
Factors causing road traffic accidents with particularly serious consequence
Authors: Pechatnova E. V. , Kuznetsov V. N. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction.Reducing the number of road traffic fatalities and aiming for zero deaths by 2030 is a key road safety government goal. The prevention of especially serious road accidents is one of the elements of achieving this goal. Analysis of the main factors contributing to the especially serious road accidents occurrence is the basis of an effective system for their prevention. A review of the scientific literature reveals a lack of knowledge in this area.Materials and methods.The study was performed on the basis of especially serious road accidents sample. The accidents that occurred in the regions of the Siberian Federal District in the period from 2017 to 2020 were analyzed. The following parameters were analyzed: the number of dead and injured, the type of accident, the period of the day, the day of the week, the month of the year, the weather conditions and the condition of roadway. The study is based on a multidimensional frequency distribution. The calculations and graphs were made using MS Excel and Statistica.Results.The results are presented using 2D and 3D histograms and cross tables. An analysis of the especially serious road accidents structure made it possible to distinguish two groups of accidents that differ in the number of the injured and dead. The influence of the analysed factors contributing to the especially serious road accidents occurrence is determined.Practical importance.Knowledge of the factors influence on the frequency of especially serious road accidents occurrence will allow public services to effectively plan measures to prevent such accidents and respond to them. This will reduce the number of road accidents deaths.Originality.Two groups of road accidents with especially serious consequences are identified and substantiated. It was found that the factors have different effects on the distribution of accidents in these groups. The study contains new knowledge of the factors contributing to the especially serious road accidents occurrence.
Analysis of shock absorber resistance impact on load safety, continuous wheel rolling and energy loss in vehicle suspension
Authors: Chernyshov K. V. , Novikov V. V. , Sanzhapov R. R. , Kotov V. V. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction. The purpose of the article is to consider the effect of damping in the shock absorber on smooth running, continuous rolling of the wheel and energy loss in the suspension of the car.Materials and methods. The review is based on the analysis of the amplitude-frequency characteristics of a two-mass car model and the dependence of the shock absorber operation during the oscillation cycle on the frequency of kinematic action.Results. The article presents a calculation scheme and equations of dynamics of a two-mass oscillatory system equivalent to an automobile suspension. The frequencies at which the amplitude-frequency characteristics intersect for different levels of damping (invariant points) in a two-mass oscillatory system are calculated. The relative operation of the shock absorber for the oscillation cycle concept is proposed and a formula for calculating the relative operation of the shock absorber in a two-mass oscillatory system is given. A comparative analysis of graphs characterizing smooth running, continuous rolling of the wheel and energy losses in the suspension is carried out.Discussion and conclusions. It is revealed that significant contradictions between these requirements arise only near the second resonance of the sprung mass, with an increase in the frequency of vibrations in the resonant zone, these contradictions are decrease.
Functional model of road safety for motor transport enterprise with account of high environmental temperatures
Authors: Yakunin I. N. , Fot A. P. , Yakunin N. N. , Fattakhova A. F. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction. The accident rate in road transport in the summer period of the year in conditions of high ambient temperatures has a steady upward trend. The main reasons for this situation are changes in the condition of drivers and the low efficiency of the climate systems of some vehicles. Motor transport enterprises take into account the conditions of the external environment in their activities and adjust the technology of the transport process. Such environmental conditions are ice, fog, precipitation, low air temperature and others. However, high ambient temperature is not included in such a list. In this regard, the study of the features of the functioning of a motor transport enterprise in conditions of high ambient temperatures and the development on this basis of a functional model for ensuring road safety is an urgent task.The purpose of this work is to improve the safety of road transport on the basis of the development of a functional structure of the road safety service of a motor transport enterprise, taking into account the high ambient temperature.Methods. The work is based on the synthesis of general scientific research methods, which included the provisions of system analysis, as well as the provisions of the theory of transport processes, the technical operation of vehicles.Results. The result of the work was the developed functional model of the road safety service of a motor transport enterprise, according to which the road safety service is endowed with control and administrative functions in relation to the activities of the personnel service, technical service and operation service on issues related to road safety. This model differs from the known ones in that it contains functions for responding to high ambient temperatures. An algorithm has been developed for the functioning of the traffic safety service in conditions of high ambient temperature, which prevents its influence on the increase in the aggressiveness of driving cars and the low efficiency of the climate systems of a part of vehicles. These provisions constitute the scientific novelty of the work.Discussion and conclusion. The practical value of the work lies in the improvement of the tools of the motor transport enterprise, aimed at preventing an increase in the accident rate in conditions of high ambient temperatures.