bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poètes sahraouis de la Generación de la Amistad . Des nomades en exil
Authors: Troisvallets-Gewinner Mick 
Published: April 2022

La Generación de la Amistad regroupe des poètes sahraouis, unis par une histoire commune : celle d’une enfance vécue entre les années 1960 et 1970 dans les premières cités coloniales et les innombrables dunes du vaste Sahara, entre nomadisme et sédentarisation ; les premiers apprentissages entre l’instituteur espagnol et le marabout maure, la poésie en hassaniyya qui véhicule tous les savoirs transmis par leurs parents ; et sans crier gare, la guerre, l’invasion, l’exode vers la hamada algérienne de Tindouf loin de la mer et du désert fertile. Accueillis par Cuba, la bonne mère de substitution, ils y resteront entre six et quinze ans, dans un monde au climat, à la végétation, aux mœurs radicalement différents de ceux du monde bédouin. Revenant, jeunes adultes diplômés, aux campements de réfugiés, ils ont oublié la langue hassaniyya , les règles de la sociabilité maure, les vents de sable. La poésie en espagnol leur sert à exprimer les déceptions et traumatismes de ce retour parfois vécu comme un exil de Cuba. Sans perspectives d’avenir, ils choisissent peu à peu d’émigrer en Espagne. Dans ce nouvel environnement, ignorés par l’État espagnol, en proie aux difficultés des immigrés mais soutenus par certains intellectuels, ils explorent ensemble leur identité particulière de Cubaraouis, nourrissant leur poésie, puis leurs films ou récits en espagnol, de la poésie en hassaniyya redevenue indispensable. Néo-nomades assumés, ils reconstruisent, par leurs voyages ou par le web, des circulations régulières entre leur nouvel environnement et le monde saharien.
Analyse des effets du programme européen LEADER sur l’action publique dans les territoires ruraux. Application en France et en Italie
Authors: Laidin Catherine , Berriet-Solliec Marielle 
Published: April 2022

S’appuyant sur un travail de recherche reposant sur quatre études de cas en France et en Italie, étudiés sur la période 1994-2015, cet article porte sur les effets qu’engendre la mise en œuvre du programme européen de développement rural LEADER dans les zones bénéficiaires. Il analyse les mécanismes en jeu relatifs à la contribution de ce programme aux transformations des enjeux de ces territoires, à l’évolution des systèmes d’acteurs locaux, enfin aux changements dans la conduite de l’action publique. En participant au renforcement des pouvoirs locaux selon leurs capacités territoriales relatives et en engendrant des processus de domination des pouvoirs régionaux, LEADER contribue in fine à la redistribution des places et des rôles des élus et des experts au sein de l’arène locale et génèrent des transferts sur d’autres programmes que LEADER.
Les dessous de la livraison de repas à domicile : les coursiers des plateformes numériques
Authors: Baujard Corinne 
Published: April 2022

Cet article examine les dessous des expériences vécues de services de livraison de repas à domicile qui se déploient dans les grandes villes. Quelle est la place des savoirs éducatifs dans les pratiques professionnelles du métier de livreur à domicile ? À partir d’une observation quotidienne dans plusieurs quartiers de la capitale de plusieurs groupes de livreurs stationnés sur leurs motos ou sur leurs vélos qui attendent les commandes proposées par les plateformes, des entretiens ont été réalisés (juillet 2020-juin 2021). Ces jeunes coursiers attestent la diversité de leurs destins, la complexité de leurs expériences individuelles et révèlent des difficultés d’intégration sur le marché du travail dans une indifférence généralisée. Il en résulte que les dessous des expériences sociales des coursiers à domicile interrogent les discours régulièrement tenus par les plateformes numériques.
Conversion Rate of Tuberculosis Screening Tests among Dermatology Patients Treated with Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors
Authors: Alsukait Sarah F , Alsaad Alaa B , Alotaibi Ghadah F , Alsaif Fahad M , Alotaibi Hend M 
Published: April 2022

Background:
The use of tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors (TNFi) has been associated with an increased risk latent tuberculosis (TB) reactivation. The role of TB screening assays in monitoring patients during TNFi therapy remains uncertain. Spontaneous conversions and reversions have been described.

Aims:
This study aims to determine the conversion and reversion rate of TB screening tests among dermatology patients receiving TNFi in a country with moderate TB incidence.

Subjects and Methods:
A retrospective single-center study conducted on all patients in whom treatment with TNFi was initiated in our dermatology clinic in a tertiary university hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, until September 2018. Data were collected from the hospital electronic patient information system.

Results:
One hundred and eighteen patients were included. Majority (79.9%) of patients used adalimumab. Psoriasis was the most common indication (90%). Among patients with negative baseline TB screening who had been retested during TNFi therapy (n = 65; 55%), conversion to positive was observed in nine patients (13.8%) with a mean duration of exposure of 39.7 months, whereas among patients with positive TB testing result (n = 18), 10 (55.5%) reverted to negative.

Conclusions:
This study emphasizes the need for prospective large-scale multispecialty studies assessing the significance of TB retesting, which should be considered when designing rescreening protocols.
Azathioprine-Induced Marrow Suppression in Dermatology Patients - Analysis of 18 Patients
Authors: Saoji Vikrant V , Jawade Sugat A , Agrawal Piyush , Rimmalapudi Shravya 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Azathioprine is an immunosuppressant used to treat several immunological disorders. As a purine analog, it inhibits DNA synthesis and cell multiplication. However, marrow suppression is a serious complication associated with azathioprine.

Aim:
To analyze the marrow suppression caused by azathioprine in dermatology patients.

Material and Method:
This is a retrospective analysis of the records of 18 patients who presented with marrow suppression secondary to azathioprine which was used for the treatment of various dermatological diseases.

Results:
The analysis includes 18 patients, 15 females and 3 males with the average age being 25.88 years. All except two patients received 1 mg/kg of oral azathioprine once daily. Leukopenia was seen in 13 patients (with severe leukopenia in 7 patients), thrombocytopenia in 8, and low hemoglobin in 14 patients. Isolated low hemoglobin was seen in four patients, isolated leukopenia in four patients, and only one patient presented with isolated thrombocytopenia. Six patients had pancytopenia. The duration from the starting dose to reporting of marrow suppression ranged from 10 days to 1 year. Eight out of 18 patients presented with anagen effluvium, 2 patients with oral ulcers, and 1 patient with an upper respiratory tract infection. All the patients recovered within 1 month.

Conclusion:
Marrow suppression due to azathioprine can occur with a low dose of 1 mg/kg. Hair loss and oral ulcers serve as early warning signs for marrow suppression.
Online Information-Seeking Behavior for Allergies and its Association with COVID-19 Vaccine-Hesitancy in India
Authors: Mondal Himel , Podder Indrashis , Mondal Shaikat 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Vaccine-hesitancy is an important obstacle to attain herd-immunity against COVID-19. Undue fears about adverse effects like allergic reactions may be an important reason for vaccine-hesitancy.

Objectives:
To assess the online information-seeking behavior of Indian internet users regarding 'allergies' and determine its association with COVID-19 vaccine-hesitancy.

Methods:
We conducted a Google trend analysis to obtain the relative search volume (RSV) for keywords—'skin allergy,' 'drug allergy,' 'food allergy,' 'vaccine allergy,' 'contact dermatitis,' and 'allergy' using a public domain https://trends.google.com/trends. We further obtained state-wise data and statistically analyzed it to assess any association with vaccine-hesitancy.

Results:
Higher RSV was found for 'vaccine allergy' after the advent of COVID-19 vaccines, showing the steepest peak. 'Skin allergy' showed two peaks. The first peak was after the advent of COVID-19 pandemic and second peak was after introduction of vaccines. RSV of 'contact dermatitis' remained unchanged. Eastern and North-Eastern states showed the highest RSV for 'skin' and 'vaccine' allergies. Literacy rate showed a significant positive correlation with vaccination, whereas vaccine-hesitancy was inversely proportional to RSV for 'allergy.

Conclusion:
Increased online information-seeking behavior is demonstrated by Indians regarding various 'allergies,' particularly after the advent of COVID-19 vaccines. Literacy was directly proportional to vaccination status, whereas vaccine-hesitancy was inversely proportional to search-volume for 'allergy.'
Stevens–Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
Authors: Acar Ayda , Yoldas Ayse H. , Turk Bengu G. , Karaarslan Isil , Sagduyu Ilgen E. , Ceylan Can , Unal Idil , Ozturk Gunseli 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are acute, life-threatening, severe drug reactions. Randomized studies on these diseases are difficult to perform.

Aims and Objectives:
The purpose of this study was to summarize the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with SJS and TEN in a tertiary hospital in Turkey.

Materials and Methods:
We evaluated the records of 33 patients with SJS and TEN who were followed in our clinic or examined between January 2008 and June 2019, retrospectively. Age, sex, time of admission to hospital, causative drug, presence of concomitant disease, skin findings, mucosal involvement, the severity-of-illness score for TEN, the medication used, antibiotic use, transfer to intensive care, development of complications, and death or discharge status were noted.

Results:
Of the 33 patients, 11 (33.3%) had SJS, 3 (9.1%) had SJS/TEN overlap, and 19 (57.6%) had TEN. The majority (60.6%) of the patients were female. Nineteen (57.6%) patients had one, and 13 (39.4%) had more than one suspected drug exposure in their history. The most commonly suspected drugs were antibiotics. Twelve (36.4%) patients had intensive care unit hospitalization. Ten (30.3%) patients died.

Conclusion:
The demographic data of our study were consistent with the literature. Similar to the literature, antibiotics were the most common reaction-causing drugs. However, antiepileptic drugs, which were more frequently reported in other studies, were identified as suspicious in only one patient. We believe that our study will contribute to the determination of characteristics of this rare disease with real-life data.
Correlation between Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D Levels and the Severity of Acne Vulgaris
Authors: Rasti Shinta D , Dewinta Nena R , Kamal Ronik H , Adissadah Avina F , Madanny Afhama E , Dewanti Linda 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Vitamin D is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of acne, and its levels can change in patients with acne vulgaris. Several studies have revealed that serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels tend to be low and statistically significant in acne vulgaris patients. However, the relationship between vitamin D levels and acne severity is still poorly understood.

Objective:
This study aims to identify the correlation between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels and the severity of acne vulgaris.

Method:
This systematic review study was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline based on several studies taken from the PubMed, PMC, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate databases until June 2021. Full-text case-control, randomized controlled trial, or cross-sectional study in English or Indonesian language reporting on the serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels and the severity of acne vulgaris on human participants were included.

Result:
From a total of 401 studies, 10 studies met the criteria. Almost all studies (8 of 10) revealed lower serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels as the acne severity progresses, although 2 of them were not statistically significant.

Conclusion:
The evidence of an inverse correlation between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels and the severity of acne vulgaris suggests the need for screening of vitamin D levels in acne patients and offers a new prospect in the field of acne prevention and treatment.
An observational study to determine the clinical course of asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic COVID-19–positive patients admitted to a tertiary care centre in Puducherry
Authors: Sharashchandra Kulkarni Vandana , Sajjan Prashant Shivaraj , Ramesh J. , Jayasingh K. , Satish Vithiavathi 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus2 (SARSCoV2) disease (COVID-19) has spread nationwide including union territory of Puducherry.

Methods:
Consecutive asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic COVID-19 patients admitted to the COVID-19 ward were included in the study. Demographic details, following of social norms, contact-exposure history, presence of co-morbidities, vital parameters, clinical symptoms and signs, development of new symptoms, progression and outcome of study patients are reported.

Results:
Six hundred and forty two patients were included for final analysis. Most of symptomatic patients did not use face mask (87%) and did not follow social distancing (84.1%) or hand hygiene (91.3%). Out of mildly symptomatic patients, 12 become moderately or severely symptomatic and were shifted to intensive care unit. All these patients were male, aged more than 50 years with co-morbidities.

Conclusions:
Wearing face mask, social distancing and hand hygiene can decrease disease severity. Male patients with co-morbidities and old age are at higher risk of progression to moderate or severe COVID-19 infection.
Timing to perform bed-side surgical tracheostomy in COVID-19 patients in intensive care unit
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar , Behera Ishwar Chandra , Jena Pragnya Paramita 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Tracheostomy is an important surgical procedure in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) pandemic, particularly those patients undergoing prolonged tracheal intubation. The timing and indications for tracheostomy in COVID-19 patients with ventilators are still controversial.

Methods:
We prospectively studied the best timing for performing surgical tracheostomy in COVID-19 patients (n = 22) from April 2020 to May 2021 in the COVID-19 ICU attached to our COVID-19 hospital. The tracheotomised patients were followed up and the number and timing of the death were documented.

Results:
There were 14 males (male:female = 1.75:1). The mean duration of endotracheal intubation to tracheostomy was 14.4 days (range 10-22 days). The mean time for tracheostomy was 18.45 min (range 12–25 min). Five patients (22.7%) died after tracheostomy. The median time between tracheostomy and death was 4 days.

Conclusions:
Surgical tracheostomy has to be performed in a proper time with safe manner for benefit of the patients with COVID-19 and the health care professionals managing the patient.
2020 POGS report on obstetrical and gynecological indicators of health care
Authors: Macayaon Annette M. , Habana Maria Antonia E. , Amorin Helen R. , Añonuevo Antoinette U. , del Prado Jennifer C. , Irabon Ina S. , Magno Angelito D. L. , Mangubat Ma. Luisa T. 
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND:
The POGS committee on nationwide statistics uses an electronic census platform called the POGS nationwide statistics system (PNSS) to collect the statistical data on obstetric and gynecologic health indicators.

OBJECTIVES:
The article aims to present 2020 data gathered and compare these with the 2019 census. Obstetrical and gynecological indicators of health care and preliminary data on COVID-19 cases are reported.

METHODOLOGY:
This cross-sectional study reports the data generated from the submissions of POGS-accredited hospitals from January to December 2020, through the PNSS.

RESULTS:
The number of accredited hospitals that submitted their census with 100% compliance is 94%. There was a total of 329,972 number of cases reported, 92% were obstetric cases. Live birth rate was the highest in the National Capital Region at 33.5%, with the highest age-specific birth rate in the 25–29 age group. Most live births were term pregnancies. Adolescent birth rate was 6.45 per 1000 women. Cesarean section rate, stillbirth rate, neonatal mortality rate, and perinatal mortality rate were higher than 2019. The maternal mortality ratio was 121.6 per 100,000 live births. There were 2,858 cases of confirmed COVID-19 infection. There were 26,164 gynecologic admissions, with the most common diagnosis being abnormal uterine bleeding. The most common gynecologic procedures performed were hysterectomy, salpingo-oophorectomy, medical management, and blood transfusion. Majority of the deaths from gynecologic cases had gynecologic malignancies and among these, cervical cancer (19%) had the greatest number of deaths.

CONCLUSION:
Obstetric and gynecologic admissions are lower compared to last year. A deterioration in obstetrical indications can be seen and explanations for this occurrence must be explored further. Preliminary data on COVID-19 cases was likewise presented. Timely and accurate statistics will help us define the areas we need to improve on, as well as the unmet needs of our patients.
Acceptability of telemedicine among patients undergoing prenatal and postnatal care in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Quiñones Ivy Lorraine E. , Novero Virgilio M. 
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND:
While COVID-19 spreads rapidly around the world, innovative means to provide continuing prenatal care are being developed to monitor maternal and fetal health while minimizing disease transmission. Telemedicine is one platform by which patients are provided the necessary prenatal and postpartum care safely as the pandemic rages.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:
To evaluate the acceptability of telemedicine in the delivery of prenatal and postnatal care in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Manila. A structured Likert scale-based survey consisting of a model measuring telemedicine perception was utilized. This was a predeveloped model by Lin in 2017.[1] Descriptive statistical analysis and Chi-square tests were done to evaluate the data.

RESULTS:
A total of 193 pregnant and postpartum patients participated in the study. Majority of the respondents were between 25 and 34 years old, living within Metro Manila, and normal obstetric patients who were previously seen at the outpatient department. Most of the participants considered telemedicine to be cost-effective, reliable, easy to use, and useful.

CONCLUSION:
We conclude that telemedicine is an acceptable means of providing prenatal and postnatal care among pregnant patients because it allowed the necessary interaction between patient and doctor and these “users” kept on using the system. There was no association between telemedicine perceptions and patient age, place of residence, type of patient encounter, disease, and treatment. In the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic, telemedicine is an acceptable means of providing prenatal and postnatal care regardless of patient characteristics.
Comparison of maternal and neonatal outcomes between COVID-19 positive and negative parturients who delivered in a tertiary hospital
Authors: Lazo Stephanie M. , Sy-Fernando Victoria N. 
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION:
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease caused by novel coronavirus named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. Its growing number of cases with a very limited number of studies in the country is quite alarming, especially to the vulnerable populations, such as pregnant women.

OBJECTIVE:
To determine and compare the maternal and neonatal outcomes of COVID-19 positive versus negative parturient.

MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY:
This is a retrospective cohort study of 131 parturient in a tertiary hospital.

RESULTS:
We analyzed a total of 131 patients, of whom 65 (49.6%) were COVID positive. At the time of testing, more than half were at their early term of pregnancy (64.89%) and at term (14.5%). Based on disease severity, 45 women (69.2%) exhibited mild disease, 39 were asymptomatic and 6 symptomatic, 19 (29.2%) moderate disease, and 1 (1.5%) severe disease. Among those symptomatic, the most common signs and symptoms were cough (33.85%), myalgia (10.77%), and a radiographic finding of localized or multilobar infiltrates (30.76%). Those who had laboratory examinations, the c-reactive protein (CRP) and D-dimer were found to be elevated. Based on maternal outcomes, there was a higher incidence of preterm birth (21.54%, P= 0.048) and longer length of hospital stay (P = 0.005) in the COVID-19-positive group. While the neonatal outcomes were similar in both groups, except for longer hospital stay, and delayed institution of breastfeeding among the COVID-19-positive group.

CONCLUSION:
In this study, there was no evidence that the presence of COVID-19 infection during pregnancy causes increased morbidity and mortality in mothers and their neonates. Close surveillance should be done on this population, especially if detected before term, as these patients are predisposed to having preterm labor. Further research is needed to understand the true extent of the risks to improve the management of these special population.
Making the Personal Statement “Truly Personal”: Recommendations From a Qualitative Case Study of Internal Medicine Program and Associate Program Directors
Authors: Moulton Marie , Lappé Katie , Raaum Sonja E , Milne Caroline K. , Chow Candace J. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
The personal statement is an integral part of a residency application but little guidance exists for medical students about what content to include.

Objective
We use the framework of isomorphism, the process by which institutions model themselves after one another, to understand what internal medicine program directors (PDs) and associate program directors (APDs) recommend be included in the personal statement and how programs use personal statements in their selection of applicants to interview and rank.

Methods
Semi-structured phone interviews were conducted between August and October 2020 with 13 academic PDs and APDs, who were selected for participation based on program size and geographic location. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded using content analysis.

Results
Effective personal statements should be well-written, present unique information, and demonstrate fit with a residency program. PDs and APDs recommended against expressing lack of interest in a program or highlighting negative personal characteristics. PDs and APDs used personal statements to distinguish between applicants and noted that personal statements help programs form an impression of the applicant. Consensus among PDs and APDs about what personal statements should include and how they are used indicates that isomorphism influences the match process.

Conclusions
Our study found that the personal statement is a valued part of the residency application when it includes unique attributes and reveals personal values that align with that of the program. Additionally, PDs and APDs noted that when applicants highlight their unique characteristics, it can help distinguish themselves from others.