bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving communication and teamwork during labor: A feasibility, acceptability, and safety study
Authors: Weiseth Amber , Plough Avery , Aggarwal Reena , Galvin Grace , Rucker Amber , Henrich Natalie , Miller Kate , Subramanian Laura , Hawrusik Rebecca , Berry William , Gullo Susan , Spigel Lauren , Dever Kimberly , Loveless Donald , Graham Kristin , Paek Bettina , Shah Neel T. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundTeamBirth was designed to promote best practices in shared decision making (SDM) among care teams for people giving birth. Although leading health organizations recommend SDM to address gaps in quality of care, these recommendations are not consistently implemented in labor and delivery.MethodsWe conducted a mixed‐methods trial of TeamBirth among eligible laboring patients and all clinicians (nurses, midwives, and obstetricians) at four high‐volume hospitals during April 2018 to September 2019. We used patient and clinician surveys, abstracted clinical data, and administrative claims to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of TeamBirth.ResultsA total of 2,669 patients (approximately 28% of eligible delivery volume) and 375 clinicians (78% response rate) responded to surveys on their experiences with TeamBirth. Among patients surveyed, 89% reported experiencing at least one structured full care team conversation (“huddle”) during labor and 77% reported experiencing multiple huddles. There was a significant relationship between the number of reported huddles and patient acceptability (P < 0.001), suggestive of a dose response. Among clinicians surveyed, 90% would recommend TeamBirth for use in other labor and delivery units. There were no significant changes in maternal and newborn safety measures.ConclusionsImplementing a care process that aims to improve communication and teamwork during labor with high fidelity is feasible. The process is acceptable to patients and clinicians and shows no negative effects on patient safety. Future work should evaluate the effectiveness of TeamBirth in improving care experience and health outcomes.
Assessing the relationship between psychosocial risk and pregnancy outcomes using the perinatal integrated psychosocial assessment (PIPA) tool
Authors: O'Connor Anne , Shand Antonia W. , Schneuer Francisco J. , Nassar Natasha , Austin Marie‐Paule 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Perinatal Integrated Psychosocial Assessment (PIPA) tool screens for anxiety, depression, and psychosocial factors in pregnancy. We aimed to assess the association between PIPA‐determined psychosocial risk and obstetric and neonatal outcomes.MethodsCohort study of all pregnant women who gave birth at ≥20 weeks of gestation in 2017‐2019 at a tertiary maternity hospital in, Sydney, Australia. Women completed PIPA at their first antenatal visit and were assigned a PIPA risk category. At‐risk women were reviewed and referred for support. The association between PIPA risk category and obstetric and neonatal outcomes was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression adjusting for sociodemographic and pregnancy factors.ResultsIn all, 5969 women completed PIPA; 71.4% were assessed no/low risk, 17.5% medium risk, and 11.1% medium‐high/high risk. Compared with no/low‐risk women, medium‐high/high‐risk women were more likely to remain in hospital for >72 hours (aOR 1.47 [95% CI 1.33‐1.64]); to not be breastfeeding at discharge (aOR 1.77 [95% CI 1.20‐2.61]); to have their infants experience birth complications (aOR 1.24 [95% CI 1.03‐1.50]); and to be admitted to the NICU (aOR 1.63 [95% CI 1.26‐2.11]). There was a modest increase in odds of cesarean birth (aOR 1.12 [95% CI 1.00‐1.27]), and no association with preterm birth or low birthweight. The risk of adverse outcomes disappeared for medium‐high/high‐risk women referred for support.ConclusionsThe PIPA tool identified one in 10 women at high psychosocial risk with increased risk of adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes. Adverse outcomes were attenuated for high‐risk women who were referred for extra support, suggesting that psychosocial review and referral for high‐risk women may reduce the risk of adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes.
Incidence and outcomes of post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disease after 5365 solid‐organ transplants over a 20‐year period at two UK transplant centres
Authors: Santarsieri Anna , Rudge John F. , Amin Irum , Gelson Will , Parmar Jasvir , Pettit Stephen , Sharkey Lisa , Uttenthal Benjamin J. , Follows George A. 
Published: March 2022

SummaryPost‐transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) is a life‐threatening complication of solid‐organ transplantation (SOT). We present the incidence and outcomes of PTLD in a cohort of 5365 SOT recipients over a 20‐year period at two UK transplant centres. With a median follow‐up of 7.7 years, 142 of 5365 patients have developed PTLD. Cumulative incidence was 18% at five years after multivisceral transplant and 1%–3% at five years following the other SOT types. Twenty‐year cumulative incidence was 2%–3% following liver and heart transplantation and 10% following kidney transplantation. Median overall survival (OS) following SOT was 16 years, which is significantly reduced compared with the age‐adjusted UK population. There is relatively high early mortality following diagnosis of PTLD and only patients surviving two years regained a longer‐term survival approaching the non‐PTLD SOT cohort. Of 90 patients with monomorphic PTLD, diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma, 66 were treated with first‐line rituximab monotherapy and 24 received first‐line rituximab plus chemotherapy. Up‐front rituximab monotherapy does not appear to compromise OS, but the number of patients dying from non‐lymphoma causes before and after treatment remains high with both treatment approaches. Multivariate analysis of all 90 monomorphic PTLD patients identified an International Prognostic Index (IPI) of 3+ as the strongest pretreatment variable associating with inferior one‐year OS.
Parental experiences of having a child with CLN3 disease (juvenile Batten disease) and how these experiences relate to family resilience
Authors: Krantz Mattias , Malm Emma , Darin Niklas , Sofou Kalliopi , Savvidou Antri , Reilly Colin , Boström Petra 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundCLN3 disease is a neurodegenerative condition presenting in the first decade of life typically leading to death in the third decade. The earliest symptom is rapidly progressive visual impairment followed by intellectual and motor impairments, epilepsy and behavioural disturbances. There are limited data on how the condition affects the family system or the role of family resilience in paediatric neurodegenerative diseases.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with eight parents (five mothers and three fathers) of five children with CLN3. Interview questions focused on the experience of having a child with CLN3, its impact on the family system as well as the concept of family resilience. Data were analysed via thematic analysis.ResultsThe thematic analysis resulted in four main themes. The theme ‘recurring losses’ included the feeling of losing a healthy child, the child's loss of abilities and loss of relationships. The theme ‘disruption to the family system’ included that siblings could be ‘side‐lined’, the potential negative impact on romantic relationships and difficulties finding time to oneself. The theme ‘Society is not developed for a progressive disease’ highlighted the difficulties parents faced with respect to contacts with the health and/or social insurance system. The paediatric health care system was seen as supportive, but the adult health care system was not seen as fit for the purpose. Regarding family resilience, parents felt that the disease forced them to reconsider what was important in life. Several parents described that they learned to value small moments of joy and create deep connections through involvement in family routines and rituals.ConclusionsCLN3 places a very significant burden on the family system including parental feelings of loss, impact on family relationships and lack of understanding within the health/social insurance systems. The concept of family resilience may be useful in understanding the experiences of families affected by paediatric neurodegenerative conditions.
Evaluation of the relationship between polymorphisms in CYP2C19 and the single‐dose pharmacokinetics of omeprazole in healthy Chinese volunteers: A multicenter study
Authors: Zhou Shuang , Xie Ran , Zhang Xiaodan , He Xu , Huang Jie , Jungang Yin , Liao Man , Ding Ying , Yang Dandan , Liu Ying , Zhang Qian , Yang Guoping , Liu Fang , Guan Shengjiang , He Qing , Lou Honggang , Gong Fengyun , Meng Xianmin , Xiang Qian , Zhao Xia , Cui Yimin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between polymorphisms in CYP2C19 and the single‐dose pharmacokinetics (PKs) of omeprazole in healthy Chinese volunteers. A 20 mg single dose of omeprazole (Losec) enteric‐coated capsules or tablets was orally administered to 656 healthy subjects from eight subcenters. The polymorphic alleles of CYP2C19*2, *3, and *17 were determined by Sanger sequencing and Agena mass array. Plasma concentrations of omeprazole were determined by high‐performance liquid‐chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. PK parameters of area under the concentration versus time curve (AUC)0‐t, AUC from zero to infinity (AUC0‐∞), maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), and terminal half‐life (t1/2) were significantly influenced by CYP2C19 phenotype (all p < 0.001) and diplotype (all p < 0.001), and the same results were obtained in the subgroup analysis of the effects of diet and dosage form. The polymorphisms of CYP2C19*2(rs4244285; all PK parameters p < 0.001) and *3(rs4986893; pCmax = 0.020, and the p values of other PK parameters were less than 0.001) were significantly associated with the PKs of omeprazole. For CYP2C19*17 (rs12248560), only t1/2 showed a significant correlation (p = 0.032), whereas other PK parameters did not. The present study demonstrated that the Pks of omeprazole is greatly influenced by CYP2C19.
Alliance of Randomized Trials of Medicine vs Metabolic Surgery in Type 2 Diabetes (ARMMS‐T2D): Study rationale, design, and methods
Authors: Simonson Donald C. , Hu Bo , Arterburn David E. , Schauer Philip R. , Kashyap Sangeeta R. , Courcoulas Anita P. , Cummings David E. , Patti Mary‐Elizabeth , Gourash William F. , Vernon Ashley H. , Jakicic John M. , Kirwan John P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimsLong‐term data from randomized clinical trials comparing metabolic (bariatric) surgery versus a medical/lifestyle intervention for treatment of patients with obesity/overweight and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are lacking. The Alliance of Randomized Trials of Medicine vs Metabolic Surgery in Type 2 Diabetes (ARMMS‐T2D) is a consortium of four randomized trials designed to compare long‐term efficacy and safety of surgery versus medical/lifestyle therapy on diabetes control and clinical outcomes.Materials and MethodsPatients with T2D and body mass index (BMI) of 27‐45 kg/m2 who were previously randomized to metabolic surgery (Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass, adjustable gastric band, or sleeve gastrectomy) versus medical/lifestyle intervention in the STAMPEDE, SLIMM‐T2D, TRIABETES, or CROSSROADS trials have been enrolled in ARMMS‐T2D for observational follow‐up. The primary outcome is change in glycated haemoglobin after a minimum 7 years of follow‐up, with additional analyses to determine rates of diabetes remission and relapse, as well as cardiovascular and renal endpoints.ResultsIn total, 302 patients (192 surgical, 110 medical/lifestyle) previously randomized in the four parent studies were eligible for participation in the ARMMS‐T2D observational study. Participant demographics were 71% white, 27% African‐American and 68% female. At baseline: age, 50 ± 8 years; BMI, 36.5 ± 3.5 kg/m2; duration of diabetes, 8.8 ± 5.6 years; glycated haemoglobin, 8.6% ± 1.6%; and fasting glucose, 168 ± 64 mg/dl. More than 35% of patients had a BMI <35 kg/m2.ConclusionsARMMS‐T2D will provide the largest body of long‐term, level 1 evidence to inform clinical decision‐making regarding the comparative durability, efficacy and safety of metabolic surgery relative to a medical/lifestyle intervention among patients with T2D, including those with milder class I obesity or mere overweight.
Sand fractions micromorphometry detected by Vis‐NIR‐MIR and its impact on water retention
Authors: Di Raimo Luis Augusto Di Loreto , Couto Eduardo Guimarães , Demattê José Alexandre Mello , Amorim Ricardo Santos Silva , Torres Gilmar Nunes , Cremon Cassiano , de Mello Danilo César , Bocuti Edwaldo Dias , Poppiel Raul Roberto , da Silva Adeilson Nascimento , Lima Lucas Nunes , Neto Luis Carlos Gomes 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe expansion of agricultural frontiers has increased the use of sandy soils as cropping areas; however, the water‐retention capacity (WRC) of the soil is a crucial factor. Thus, fast and accurate methodologies, such as spectroscopy, have gained importance to identify physical‐hydric and other attributes related to the WRC. Some theories indicate the micromorphometry of particles is an important factor in sandy soils. This study (I) investigated the WRC of sandy soils from distinct geologic formations and the influence of particle micromorphometry on the WRC; (II) evaluated the sensitivity of Vis–NIR and MIR spectra to characterise physical‐hydric attributes and particle micromorphometry; and (III) quantified physical‐hydric attributes of sandy soils from their physical attributes, particle micromorphometric indices, and the visible‐near infrared‐mid infrared (Vis–NIR‐MIR) spectra. We determined the values of field capacity (FC), permanent wilting point (PWP), available water (AW), clay, sand, silt, sand fractions, and OM as well as the micromorphometric indices and Vis–NIR and MIR reflectance of 29 sandy soil profiles. Soil attributes were correlated with each other and with the Vis–NIR and MIR spectra to understand their relationship with the WRC. The correlation and the principal component analyses (PCA) were performed to understand the relationship between Vis–NIR and MIR spectra and sand grain micromorphometry. Mathematical models were developed to estimate FC, PWP, and AW using soil attributes, micromorphometry, Vis–NIR, and MIR as predictor variables. Roughness of sand particle greatly influenced the WRC of sandy soils. The MIR region showed high sensitivity to identify different WRC patterns and particle micromorphometry in sandy soils. The Vis–NIR and MIR spectra presented high accuracy to predict FC and PWP of sandy soils. The mathematical models that used soil attributes + micromorphometry presented excellent calibration parameters; however, they did not show accuracy in the validation set.Highlights
The influence of particle roughness on water retention of sandy soils was proven.
Roughness had a greater influence on water retention than texture proportions for highly sandy soils.
MIR spectra correlate strongly with the roughness of the very fine sand fraction.
MIR spectra and roughness can estimate sandy soils water retention with high accuracy.
Incidence of hypertension in people with HIV who are treated with integrase inhibitors versus other antiretroviral regimens in the RESPOND cohort consortium
Authors: Byonanebye Dathan M. , Polizzotto Mark N. , Neesgaard Bastian , Sarcletti Mario , Matulionyte Raimonda , Braun Dominique L. , Castagna Antonella , de Wit Stéphane , Wit Ferdinand , Fontas Eric , Vehreschild Jörg Janne , Vesterbacka Jan , Greenberg Lauren , Hatleberg Camilla , Garges Harmony , Gallant Joel , Volny Anne Alain , Öllinger Angela , Mozer‐Lisewska Iwona , Surial Bernard , Spagnuolo Vincenzo , Necsoi Coca , van der Valk Marc , Mocroft Amanda , Law Matthew , Ryom Lene , Petoumenos Kathy ,   the RESPOND study group
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the incidence of hypertension in people living with HIV receiving integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)‐based antiretroviral therapy (ART) versus non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) or boosted protease inhibitors (PIs) in the RESPOND consortium of HIV cohorts.MethodsEligible people with HIV were aged ≥18 years who initiated a new three‐drug ART regimen for the first time (baseline), did not have hypertension, and had at least two follow‐up blood pressure (BP) measurements. Hypertension was defined as two consecutive systolic BP measurements ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg or initiation of antihypertensives. Multivariable Poisson regression was used to determine adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRRs) of hypertension, overall and in those who were ART naïve or experienced at baseline.ResultsOverall, 4606 people living with HIV were eligible (INSTIs 3164, NNRTIs 807, PIs 635). The median baseline systolic BP, diastolic BP, and age were 120 (interquartile range [IQR] 113–130) mmHg, 78 (70–82) mmHg, and 43 (34–50) years, respectively. Over 8380.4 person‐years (median follow‐up 1.5 [IQR 1.0–2.7] years), 1058 (23.0%) participants developed hypertension (incidence rate 126.2/1000 person‐years, 95% confidence interval [CI] 118.9–134.1). Participants receiving INSTIs had a higher incidence of hypertension than those receiving NNRTIs (aIRR 1.76; 95% CI 1.47–2.11), whereas the incidence was no different in those receiving PIs (aIRR 1.07; 95% CI 0.89–1.29). The results were similar when the analysis was stratified by ART status at baseline.ConclusionAlthough unmeasured confounding and channelling bias cannot be excluded, INSTIs were associated with a higher incidence of hypertension than were NNRTIs, but rates were similar to those of PIs overall, in ART‐naïve and ART‐experienced participants within RESPOND.
Reaching without outreaching: A comparative policy study of EU member states policy agenda on youth unemployment
Authors: Andersson Lisa , Minas Renate 
Published: March 2022

AbstractYouth unemployment is a global issue, with supranational actors calling for policy responses, including early interventions such as outreach. This article examines how EU member states have translated the EU youth guarantee (YG) recommendation, focusing on early interventions in the form of outreach. Combining quantitative content analysis with corpus linguistics, we examined the YG implementation plans of 19 EU member states having differing institutional conditions, comparing if and how they have incorporated outreach in their policy agenda. Overall we found very little outreach in the YG‐plans. In the outreach described, guidance and information on education and labour market efforts dominate, whereas social work and local level community work is largely absent. We found type of outreach to be related to institutional conditions. Our results also imply that getting member states to commit to early interventions such as outreach requires that the EU stress this issue with greater emphasis.
Examining the problem of joint custody in Japan: State familialism and family law reform
Authors: Hamano Takeshi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractJapan's principle of granting sole child custody after divorce has been challenged by both the public and intellectuals. The country's ratification of the Hague Child Abduction Convention in 2014 and the Ministry of Justice's subsequent statement in 2019 regarding a possible inclusion of joint custody into the future family law are expected to lead to a move towards establishing shared parenting after divorce. Nonetheless, some activists and intellectuals in Japan have raised concerns that joint custody exposes the child and mother to the risk of violence by husband. Taking these debates into consideration, this article uses a social constructionist approach to analyse the records of the legislative committee and voices of activists to show the ways in which a challenge to the law and policy reform to shared parenting after divorce has been brought to a standstill in contemporary Japan.
Developments in China’s governance of its aging society: Evidence from aging policies between 1982 and 2017
Authors: Xuehui Wang , Zhan Hu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractChina's governance of its aging society has been accompanied by rapid economic and social transformation, urbanization, population migration, and globalization. Although the results have been remarkable, there remain several major challenges faced by its aging society and faced by the country in building a holistic response system for aging issues. This article uses governance theories to analyze the role of the government and the corresponding governance mechanisms in China's aging society and further conducts an empirical analysis of its aging policies from 1982 to 2017. We found some progress in the policy area for addressing aging issues with an integrated governance system around the government evolving in China. This study sheds light on the favorable governance structure for addressing aging issues effectively, which involves the integration of social resources in governance. This governance structure can not only realize the effective allocation of social resources but also maximize the government's administrative resources.
Exploring learner motivation and mobile‐assisted peer feedback in a business English speaking course
Authors: Xu Qi , Peng Hongying 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundPeer‐to‐peer feedback exchanges have been recognized as crucial to language learning. While studies on peer feedback proliferate, little is known about whether and how peer feedback is affected by learners' motivational levels.ObjectivesSituated in a mobile collaborative learning context, the current study examined how English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students with different motivational levels participated in mobile‐assisted peer feedback provision, as well as the characteristics of the feedback they provided.MethodsA total of 61 sophomores majoring in Business English at a Chinese university participated in this 16‐week‐long study. They were asked to complete oral assignments and give and receive peer feedback via MosoTeach (a popular mobile learning application in China). Multiple types of data (peer feedback records, questionnaires, reflective journals and interviews) were collected, analysed, and triangulated.Results and ConclusionsResults revealed that EFL learners with higher motivation were more likely to provide feedback on time using more words. Unique characteristics of mobile‐assisted peer feedback among highly motivated learners were also observed.ImplicationsThe study highlights the importance of learner motivation in mobile‐assisted peer feedback practice and provides pedagogical suggestions for better designing and implementing peer feedback in mobile collaborative learning contexts.
Constructing a Robust Score Scale from IRT Scores with Informed Boundaries
Authors: Choe Edison M. , Han Kyung (Chris) T. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn operational testing, item response theory (IRT) models for dichotomous responses are popular for measuring a single latent construct , such as cognitive ability in a content domain. Estimates of , also called IRT scores or , can be computed using estimators based on the likelihood function, such as maximum likelihood (ML), weighted likelihood (WL), maximum a posteriori (MAP), and expected a posteriori (EAP). Although the parameter space of is theoretically unrestricted, the range of finite is constrained by the estimator and test form properties, which is important to consider but often overlooked when developing a score scale for reporting purposes. Irrespective of the estimator or test forms at hand, a common practice is to fix arbitrary points symmetric about zero (e.g., −4 and 4) as anchors for deriving a score transformation, possibly resulting in unintended gaps or truncations at the extremes. Therefore, a systematic framework is proposed for using IRT scores to construct a robust score scale with informed boundaries that are logical and consistent across test forms.