bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectroscopic characterization of biosynthesized lead oxide (PbO) nanoparticles and their applications in PVC/graphite-PbO nanocomposites
Authors: Raza Junaid , Hamid Abdul , Khan Muhammad , Hussain Fakhar , Tiehu Li , Fazil Perveen , Zada Amir , Wahab Zainul , Ali Amjad 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis plants was used for the green synthesis of PbO nanoparticles. The prepared nanoparticles were conformed with the help of SEM, X-ray diffraction, FTIR and UV-visible spectroscopy. The prepared PbO nanoparticles were dispersed in deionized water and mixed with graphite to get graphite-PbO (G-PbO) filler. Seven different nanocomposite membranes with variable compositions (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35%) of PVC/G-PbO were prepared in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solvent using solution casting method. Different physiochemical parameters of the nanocomposite membranes studied included morphology, porosity, density, water uptake, swelling degree, electrical conductivity and proton adsorption capacity. All these physiochemical parameters were compared with pure PVC membranes available in literature. It was found that the addition of G-PbO filler in PVC polymer improved all the physiochemical properties except density. PVC/G-PbO membranes showed 42.65 times more electrical conductivity and 5.90 times more ion adsorption capacities compare to pure PVC membranes.
Social services in times of pandemic – Analysing the German welfare state's measures to safeguard its basic social infrastructure
Authors: Kaps Petra , Reiter Renate , Oschmiansky Frank , Popp Sandra , Berthold Julia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The article examines how the German welfare state has been responding to the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. On the basis of various fields of social services, it asks how non-governmental social service providers adapted their services to the situation to keep them accessible for citizens. Moreover, it analyses under which conditions they were able to access and use the support instruments provided by different levels of government during the pandemic. The article applies a theoretical framework from implementation and evaluation research. Using empirical findings from three forms of social services (individual counselling, services in the form of group measures and assisted living) it examines comparatively which factors filter service providers’ access to welfare state support instruments in the pandemic.
Using Quality Improvement Science to Promote Reliable Communication During Family-Centered Rounds
Authors: Glick Alexander F. , Foster Lauren Z. , Goonan Michael , Hart Louis H. , Alam Sadia , Rosenberg Rebecca E. 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Family-centered rounds (FCR) can lead to improved communication, satisfaction, and care delivery. However, FCR are variable in practice. Our primary goal was to implement and sustain consistent communication practices during FCR (a subset of all rounds in which parents were present) for patients on a pediatric hospital medicine service. We aimed to achieve 80% reliability for the following FCR practices: (1) discussion of risk factors and prevention strategies for hospital-acquired conditions (HACs), (2) discussion of discharge planning, and (3) asking families for questions.

METHODS
Research assistants observed FCR on a pediatric acute care unit at an academic medical center and recorded if the rounding team discussed HAC risk factors, discussed discharge, or asked families for questions. Using the Model for Improvement, we performed multiple plan-do-study-act cycles to test and implement interventions, including (1) standardized note templates, (2) education via peer-led group discussions and team e-mails, and (3) routine provider feedback about performance. Data were analyzed by using statistical process control charts.

RESULTS
From October 2017 to April 2019, reliability increased to &gt;80% and sustained for (1) discussion of HAC risk factors (increased from 11% to 89%), (2) discussion of discharge planning (from 60% to 92%), and (3) asking families for questions (from 61% to 87%). Peer-led physician education, reminder e-mails, and physician engagement were the most impactful interventions corresponding to centerline shifts.

CONCLUSIONS
Using multiple interventions, we achieved and sustained improvements in key communication-related elements of FCR. Future work will focus on determining if improved practices impact clinical outcomes.
School Masking Policies and Secondary SARS-CoV-2 Transmission
Authors: Boutzoukas Angelique E. , Zimmerman Kanecia O. , Inkelas Moira , Brookhart M. Alan , Benjamin Daniel K. , Butteris Sabrina , Koval Shawn , DeMuri Gregory P. , Manuel Vladimir G. , Smith Michael J. , McGann Kathleen A. , Kalu Ibukunoluwa C. , Weber David J. , Falk Amy , Shane Andi L. , Schuster Jennifer E. , Goldman Jennifer L. , Hickerson Jesse , Benjamin Vroselyn , Edwards Laura , Erickson Tyler R. , Benjamin Daniel K. 
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVESThroughout the COVID-19 pandemic, masking has been a widely used mitigation practice in kindergarten through 12th grade (K–12) school districts to limit within-school transmission. Prior studies attempting to quantify the impact of masking have assessed total cases within schools; however, the metric that more optimally defines effectiveness of mitigation practices is within-school transmission, or secondary cases. We estimated the impact of various masking practices on secondary transmission in a cohort of K–12 schools.METHODSWe performed a multistate, prospective, observational, open cohort study from July 26, 2021 to December 13, 2021. Districts reported mitigation practices and weekly infection data. Districts that were able to perform contact tracing and adjudicate primary and secondary infections were eligible for inclusion. To estimate the impact of masking on secondary transmission, we used a quasi-Poisson regression model.RESULTSA total of 1 112 899 students and 157 069 staff attended 61 K–12 districts across 9 states that met inclusion criteria. The districts reported 40 601 primary and 3085 secondary infections. Six districts had optional masking policies, 9 had partial masking policies, and 46 had universal masking. In unadjusted analysis, districts that optionally masked throughout the study period had 3.6 times the rate of secondary transmission as universally masked districts; and for every 100 community-acquired cases, universally masked districts had 7.3 predicted secondary infections, whereas optionally masked districts had 26.4.CONCLUSIONSSecondary transmission across the cohort was modest (&lt;10% of total infections) and universal masking was associated with reduced secondary transmission compared with optional masking.
Compulsive buying gradually increased during the first six months of the Covid-19 outbreak
Authors: Maraz Aniko , Yi Sunghwan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background and aims
The current Covid-19 situation offers a natural experiment to explore the effect of a chronic stressor on compulsive buying tendencies over an extended period of time.

Design
Survey method of sampling every three days a new cohort during the first six months of the Covid-19 pandemic (March-October 2020) in the United States.

Participants
Total (clean) sample of N = 1,430 (39.3% female, mean age = 36.4 years).

Measurements
Online and offline compulsive buying separately, distress, economic position, income and age were assessed.

Findings
Both online and offline compulsive buying increased during the data collection period (

= 0.24,

= 0.22, respectively, both P < 0.001). Individuals with self-reported high economic position (EP) reported the highest tendency for compulsive buying throughout the entire time frame, although the increase in compulsive buying tendencies over time was the most pronounced among the economically less privileged. Online compulsive buying increased after the CARES Act (first stimulus package) by an effect size of d = 0.33. When entered into a regression model, EP had the strongest effect on compulsive buying after accounting for the effect of distress, income and age. The high-EP group reported the strongest correlation between distress and compulsive buying (r = 0.67, P < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.57–0.76).

Conclusions
Compulsive buying tendency gradually increased during the first six months of the Covid-19 pandemic especially after the CARES Act.
Changes in the health status of the Hungarian Defence Forces in an ageing society
Authors: Novák A. , Rázsó Zs. , Sótér A. , Nyakas C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Introduction
The continuous collection, monitoring, and analysis of morbidity data enable health professionals to plan the capacity of the care system, to organise and optimise care, to measure the burden of diseases resulting from each morbidity, and to estimate its expected evolution.

Material and methods
In our study, we analyse the data of patient flow reports for the period 2011 to 2020 for the healing and preventive basic service defined as the basic task of the primary health care system (troop health service) of the Hungarian Defence Forces.

Results
Over 850,000 doctor-patient encounters over the ten-year period were mostly due to some form of acute care need, infection, and respiratory illness. The morbidity structure has not changed significantly over the period. In all cases, the top three were diseases of the respiratory system (J00-J99), diseases of the circulatory system (I00-I99), as well as musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases (M00-M99). In 2020, the highest number of people with restrictions for health reasons in the period under review was 131 for diseases of the circulatory system and 179 for musculoskeletal disorders. In recent years, the time spent on medical leave or on sick leave has increased significantly in terms of the number of cases of incapacity to work.

Conclusions
Accurate knowledge of morbidity and health data can also provide the military leadership with important information on combat fitness, especially when the ever-increasing task load (mission activity, border tasks, Covid-19) has to be met by an armed corps selected from an ageing population.
Peningkatan Pengelolaan Administrasi Sarana dan Prasarana di SMPN 2 Sedati Sidoarjo
Authors: Suhendra Laila Uswatun Hasanah Indra 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses pengadaan, pemanfaatan, pemeliharaan dan penghapusan sarana dan prasarana di SMPN 2 Sedati Sidoarjo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode penelitian kualitatif. Tempatnya peneliti di SMPN 2 Sedati Sidoarjo. Waktu penelitian dimulai dari hari Senin 15-11-2021 sampai Jum’at 26-11-2021. Subyek penelitian adalah Pegawai di TU, pengolola sarana dan prasarana. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian adalah sarana dan prasarana adalah hal yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap prestasi dan kreativitas siswa, jika sarana dan prasarana di sekolah digunakan dengan baik maka hasilnya akan baik juga, pengadaan sarana diawali atas permintaan guru yang akan melakukan kegiatan ataupun menggunakan barang, sarana dan prasarana yang ada disekolah ini sangat diutamakan, pemanfaatan sarana dan prasarana disekolah ini sudah di gunakan oleh seluruh warga sekolah terutama oleh siswa dan guru sesuai dengan kegunaannya, pemeliharaan atau perawatan sarana dan prasarana dilakukan secara berkala oleh petugas yang sudah ditugasi untuk merawat diarea tersebut, penghapusan dilakukan jika terdapat barang yang rusak atau sudah tidak ada manfaatnya dan tidak bisa digunakan.
Analisis Manajemen Keuangan Di Madrasah Aliyah Al-Muhajirin Purwakarta
Authors: Alisah Alisah Yusniaini , Kharissmawati Alma 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan sebagai berikut: (1) Perencanaan keuangan di Madrasah Aliyah Al-Muhajirin Purwakarta kampus 1. (2) Pelaksanaan keuangan di Madrasah Aliyah Al-Muhajirin Purwakarta kampus 1. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis model interaktif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa: (1) Perencanaan keuangan di Madrasah Aliyah Al-Muhajirin Purwakarta kampus 1 melakukan dua kegiatan yaitu: memilih program dan identifikasi dan pengerahan sumber daya yang sudah ada. Sumber pemasukan keuangannya berasal dari SPP, Uang pembangunan, BOS, dan Donatur. (2) Pelaksanaan keuangan di Madrasah Aliyah Al-Muhajirin Purwakarta kampus 1 terbagi atas proses pengelolaan pemasukan dan pengeluaran. Pemasukan berasal dari pendapatan rutin, sedangkan pengeluaran meliputi pengeluaran rutin dan pengeluaran non rutin. Pencatatan keuangan Madrasah Aliyah Al-Muhajirin Purwakarta kampus 1 dicatat dalam beberapa buku, diantaranya: buku kas umum, daftar gaji/honorarium, dan buku iuran SPP. (3) Evaluasi keuangan di Madrasah Aliyah Madrasah Aliyah Al-Muhajirin Purwakarta kampus 1 dibuat dalam bentuk laporan pertanggungjawaban yang diserahkan kepada pimpinan Yayasan. Evaluasi keuangan Boarding school dilakukan dengan diadakannya rapat masalah keuangan dengan kepala Madrasah, wakasek Madrasah, dan Pimpinan Yayasan setiap tiga bulan sekali. Pembukuan keuangan di Madrasah Aliyah Al-Muhajirin Purwakarta kampus 1 belum sepenuhnya menggunakan komputerisasi, tetapi masih beberapa laporan yang ditulis dengan tangan. Laporan keuangan menunjukkan bahwa realisasi penggunaan sesuai dengan yang direncanakan atau yang tertuang dalam rencana anggaran (RAPBM).
Pengaruh Penerapan Aplikasi SIDIA terhadap Penyelenggaraan Pendidikan Nonformal pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di TPQ Se-Kecamatan Gubeng Kota Surabaya
Authors: Dewi Febriana Kurnia , Soraya Irma 
Published: March 2022

Pandemi covid-19 berdampak besar dalam dunia pendidikan, penyelenggaraan pendidikan harus dilaksanakan dengan memenuhi protokol kesehatan untuk menekan lajunya persebaran covid-19. Pendidikan non-formal dilaksanakan dengan menerapkan Belajar Dari Rumah (BDR). Aplikasi Sistem Pendidikan Agama (SIDIA) yang merupakan aplikasi sistem informasi bagi satuan pendidikan non-formal agama di Kota Surabaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh penerapan aplikasi SIDIA terhadap penyelenggaraan pendidikan non-formal pada masa pandemi covid-19. Subjek penelitian yakni 6 lembaga Taman Pendidikan Al-Qur’an (TPQ) Se-Kecamatan Gubeng di Kota Surabaya. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data triangulasi ; in-depth interview, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan teori Miles dan Huberman ; data collection, data condensation, data display, conclusions; drawing / verification. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) penyelenggaraan pendidikan non-formal dapat terpantau dengan efektif dan efisien melalui aplikasi SIDIA meskipun sedang dalam masa pandemi covid-19, (2) aplikasi SIDIA meningkatkan kesejahteraan pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan TPQ di masa pandemi covid-19.
Strategi Kepala Sekolah dalam Menciptakan Sekolah Sehat melalui Program Zero Waste
Authors: Musa Muchammad Musa Alfaruk 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjawab fokus penelitian mengenai bagaimana strategi kepala sekolah dalam menciptakan sekolah sehat melalui program zero waste. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Subyek penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, perwakilan tenaga pendidik, ketua program zero waste dan siswa di SMP Al Islah Surabaya. Obyek penelitian ini adalah strategi kepala sekolah dalam menciptakan kepala sekolah dalam menciptakan sekolah sehat melalui program zero waste. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil akhir penelitian ini mendeskripsikan bahwa strategi kepala sekolah dalam menciptakan sekolah sehat melalui program zero waste di SMP Al Islah Surabaya terdiri dari meningkatkan kemampuan kepala sekolah dalam menerapkan konsep manajemen, menigkatkan Sarana-prasarana demi menunjang sekolah sehat, membiasakan warga sekolah untuk hidup sehat, menciptakan sekolah 0 sampah. strategi kepala sekolah dalam menciptakan sekolah sehat melalui program zero waste di SMP Al Islah Surabaya. Faktor pendukung antara lain 1) Kepala Sekolah yang tidak berhenti untuk mengsosialisasikan kepada warga sekolah, 2) adanya partisipasi warga sekolah yang baik. Dan faktor penghambat, 1) perombakan fasilitas yang ada di kantin, mengubah kebiasaan untuk tidak menggunakan sampah plastik sangat sulit. 2) sulitnya mensosialisasikan agar semua warga sekolah untuk membiasakan membawa tempat makan dan minum sendiri. 3) membuang sampah pada tempatnya meskipun itu melihat sampah yang bukan sampah miliknya.
Kata Kunci: Strategi, Kepala sekolah, zero waste
Strategi Kepala Madrasah melalui Branding Sekolah dengan Program Riset di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Sidoarjo
Authors: Sonia Azizah Inezalda , AM Mukhlisah , Sholihah Ni'matus 
Published: March 2022

Persaingan antar madrasah semakin pesat karena dipengaruhi oleh perkembangan teknologi yang modern. Para orang tua semakin selektif memilih madrasah sebagai tempat untuk menuntut ilmu dan mengembangkan bakat anaknya. Kepuasan dan prestasi disebabkan oleh perilaku bawahan yang dipengaruhi oleh perilaku atasan, karakteristik individu, dan faktor lingkungan. Dengan menciptakan program yang inovatif dan produktif menjadi salah satu ajang untuk mengembangkan bakat siswa dan memiliki kompetensi bersaing dalam ranah nasional maupun internasional. Hal ini akan berdampak positif bagi siswa agar memiliki kebiasaan sebagai problem solving. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan strategi branding sekolah melalui program riset di MAN Sidoarjo dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian dalam karya ilmiah ini yakni adanya sinergi antar waka madrasah, membuat tim pengembang akademik, keagamaan, literasi, non akademik, riset, dan pengembang IT. Program Riset menjadi salah satu program unggulan di MAN Sidoarjo karena dapat menciptakan siswa yang dapat bersaing hingga ranah internasional dan mendapatkan prestasi sehingga berdampak pada branding madrasah yang lebih baik.
Prevalência e fatores associados à polifarmácia e potenciais interações medicamentosas em adultos na cidade de Manaus: estudo transversal de base populacional, 2019
Authors: Tiguman Gustavo Magno Baldin , Biase Tayanny Margarida Menezes Almeida , Silva Marcus Tolentino , Galvão Taís Freire 
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência e fatores associados à polifarmácia e a presença de potenciais interações medicamentosas em Manaus, estado do Amazonas, Brasil, em 2019. Métodos: Estudo transversal de base populacional, com adultos na idade ≥18 anos. Entre pessoas em polifarmácia (≥5 medicamentos), pesquisou-se a presença de interações medicamentosas na base Micromedex. Razões de prevalências (RP) foram calculadas por regressão de Poisson com variância robusta, seguindo análise hierárquica e considerando o delineamento amostral complexo. Resultados: Dos 2.321 participantes, 2,8% (IC95% 2,1;3,6) estavam em polifarmácia e destes, 74,0% apresentaram interações, sendo mais frequentes quatro ou mais interações por pessoa (40,4%) e gravidade alta (59,5%).
Polifarmácia foi maior entre idosos (RP=3,24 – IC95% 1,25;8,42), saúde ruim (RP=2,54 –IC95% 1,14;5,67), hospitalização prévia (RP=1,90 – IC95% 1,09;3,32) e multimorbidade (RP=3,20 – IC95% 1,53;6,67). Conclusão: A polifarmácia foi mais frequente entre idosos e pessoas com problemas de saúde, que tiveram mais interações medicamentosas.
Shaping ability of WaveOne Gold reciprocating instruments compared to two analogous counterparts
Authors: Victor Christiaan , Van der Vyver Peet J , Vorster Martin , Paleker Farzana , Vally Zunaid I 
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare canalcentering ability and transportation of three analogous reciprocating shaping instruments after glide path preparation. Radiographs were used to select sixty untreated mesiobuccal canals with curvatures of 25° to 35° from extracted, human, mandibular molars. The canals were randomly divided into three groups for glide path preparation and shaping (n = 20): Group TWOG (WaveOne Gold Glider + Primary WaveOne Gold); Group TEF (Edge GlidePath + Primary EdgeOne Fire); and Group TOFG (One File G Reciprocating Glide Path File + Primary Shaping file). Pre- and post-preparation micro-CT scans were compared at levels 7 mm (coronal), 5 mm (midroot), and 3 mm (apical) from the apex to evaluate transportation and centering ratios. There were no significant differences in centering ratios at the coronal and midroot levels (P > 0.05). Transportation values were similar at the coronal level and for the combined mean values (P > 0.05). Transportation values for TEF and TWOG were similar (P = 0.98) at the midroot level but significantly lower than TOFG (P = 0.04). Apically, TEF remained significantly more centered with significantly lower transportation values than TWOG and TOFG (P < 0.05). Combined results showed that TEF was significantly more centered than TWOG but similar to TOFG (P = 0.017). Centering ratios and transportation values were more favorable in the apical region after use of TEF. All three groups evaluated in this study proved to be safe for the preparation of moderately curved root canals.
Институциональная организация коллаборативного планирования в Канаде: механизмы вовлечения при подготовке мастер-плана Ванкувера
Authors: Шохина Анастасия Андреевна 
Published: March 2022

Канада является одной из стран, где механизмы широкого вовлечения стейкхолдеров применяются на всех уровнях планирования и проектирования: от локальных проектов благоустройства до проектов стратегий агломерационного масштаба. Анализ успешных кейсов канадской практики коллаборативного планирования позволит выявить институциональные условия и характерные черты механизмов вовлечения, что поможет внедрению этих механизмов в практику в тех государствах, где подобные подходы не являются преобладающими. Одним из самых репрезентативных кейсов последних лет является разработка нового мастер-плана Ванкувера, начало имплементации которого запланировано на 2022 год.
В разработке нового мастер-плана городской совет видел возможность вовлечь резидентов города, сообществ, некоммерческих организаций и жителей Ванкувера в содержательную дискуссию о том, каким видит свое будущее город. Поэтому была утверждена многоэтапная программа мероприятий по вовлечению широкого круга стейкхолдеров, рассчитанная на четыре года. При реализации этой программы организаторы намеревались исправить ошибки прошлых кампаний по планированию и проектированию, разработав специальные механизмы для вовлечения лиц, обычно слабо представленных в подобных процессах: люди с низким уровнем доходов, студенты других городов, молодежь коренных народов Канады, бездомные, жители, состоящие на учете социальных служб и правоохранительных органов. Кроме того, новым самостоятельным направлением стало вовлечение детей и подростков. В представленном исследовании проанализированы институциональная организация и этапы вовлечения широкого круга стейкхолдеров при подготовке мастер-плана Ванкувера в рамке теории коллаборативного планирования. Также проведен анализ правового регулирования этих механизмов в законодательстве провинции Британская Колумбия. Сделаны выводы об эффективности закрепления механизмов вовлечения широкого круга стейкхолдеров, а также предложены варианты внедрения подобного регулирования в другие правовые системы.