bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-time factory smoke detection based on two-stage relation-guided algorithm
Authors: Wang Zhenyu , Yin Duokun , Ji Senrong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRecently, air quality analysis based on image sensing devices has attracted much attention. Since most smoke images in real scenes have challenging variances, which is difficult for existing object detection methods. To keep real-time factory smoke under efficient and universal social supervision, this paper proposes a mobile-platform-running efficient smoke detection algorithm based on image analysis techniques. We introduce the two-stage smoke detection (TSSD) algorithm based on the lightweight detection framework, in which the prior knowledge and contextual information are modeled into the relation-guided module to reduce the smoke search space, which can therefore significantly improve the performance of the single-stage method. Experimental results show that the proposed TSSD algorithm can robustly improve the detection accuracy of the single-stage method and the model has good compatibility for image resolution inputs. Compared with various state-of-the-art detection methods, the accuracy $$AP_{mean}$$

A

P

mean

of our proposed TSSD model reaches 59.24$$\%$$
%
, even surpassing the current detection model Faster RCNN. In addition, the detection speed of our proposed model can reach 50 ms (20 FPS), meeting the real-time requirements. This knowledge-based system has the advantages of high stability, high accuracy, fast detection speed. It can be widely used in some scenes with smoke detection requirements, such as on the mobile terminal carrier, providing great potential for practical environmental applications.
pH-taxis drives aerobic bacteria in duodenum to migrate into the pancreas with tumors
Authors: Shirai Hiroaki , Ito Cocoro , Tsukada Kosuke 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAs oral or intestinal bacteria have been found in pancreatic cystic fluid and tumors, understanding bacterial migration from the duodenum into the pancreas via hepato-pancreatic duct is critical. Mathematical models of migration of aerobic bacteria from the duodenum to the pancreas with tumors were developed. Additionally, the bacterial distributions under the pH gradient and those under flow were measured in double-layer flow based microfluidic device and T-shaped cylinders. Migration of aerobic bacteria from the duodenum into pancreas is counteracted by bile and pancreatic juice flow but facilitated by pH-taxis from acidic duodenum fluid toward more favorable slightly alkaline pH in pancreatic juice. Additionally, the reduced flow velocity in cancer patients, due to compressed pancreatic duct by solid tumor, facilitates migration. Moreover, measured distribution of GFP E. coli under the pH gradient in a microfluidic device validated pH-tactic behaviors. Furthermore, Pseudomonas fluorescens in hydrochloride solution, but not in bicarbonate solution, migrated upstream against bicarbonate flow of > 20 μm/s, with an advancement at approximately 50 μm/s.
Non-invasively accuracy enhanced blood glucose sensor using shallow dense neural networks with NIR monitoring and medical features
Authors: Srichan Chavis , Srichan Wachirun , Danvirutai Pobporn , Ritsongmuang Chanachai , Sharma Amod , Anutrakulchai Sirirat 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNon-invasive and accurate method for continuous blood glucose monitoring, the self-testing of blood glucose is in quest for better diagnosis, control and the management of diabetes mellitus (DM). Therefore, this study reports a multiple photonic band near-infrared (mbNIR) sensor augmented with personalized medical features (PMF) in Shallow Dense Neural Networks (SDNN) for the precise, inexpensive and pain free blood glucose determination. Datasets collected from 401 blood samples were randomized and trained with ten-fold validation. Additionally, a cohort of 234 individuals not included in the model training set were investigated to evaluate the performance of the model. The model achieved the accuracy of 97.8% along with 96.0% precision, 94.8% sensitivity and 98.7% specificity for DM classification based on a diagnosis threshold of 126 mg/dL for diabetes in fasting blood glucose. For non-invasive real-time blood glucose monitoring, the model exhibited ± 15% error with 95% confidence interval and the detection limit of 60–400 mg/dL, as validated with the standard hexokinase enzymatic method for glucose estimation. In conclusion, this proposed mbNIR based SDNN model with PMF is highly accurate and computationally cheaper compared to similar previous works using complex neural network. Some groups proposed using complicated mixed types of sensors to improve noninvasive glucose prediction accuracy; however, the accuracy gain over the complexity and costs of the systems harvested is still in questioned (Geng et al. in Sci Rep 7:12650, 2017). None of previous works report on accuracy enhancement of NIR/NN using PMF. Therefore, the proposed SDNN over PMF/mbNIR is an extremely promising candidate for the non-invasive real-time blood glucose monitoring with less complexity and pain-free.
Study of nuclear modification factors of deuteron and anti-deuteron in Pb–Pb collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} =2.76\,\hbox {TeV}$$
Authors: Liu Feng-Xian , She Zhi-Lei , Xu Hong-Ge , Zhou Dai-Mei , Chen Gang , Sa Ben-Hao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe nuclear modification factors ($$R_{AA}$$

R

AA

) of d and $$\bar{d}$$

d

¯

have been studied using the parton and hadron cascade model plus the dynamically constrained phase space coalescence model in peripheral (40–60%) and central (0–5%) Pb–Pb collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76\,\hbox {TeV}$$

s

NN

=
2.76

TeV

with $$|y|<0.5, p_T<20.0 \,\hbox {GeV}/\hbox {c}$$

|
y
|
<
0.5
,

p
T

<
20.0

GeV
/
c

. It is found that the $$R_{AA}$$

R

AA

of $$d, \bar{d}$$

d
,

d

¯

is similar to that of hadrons ($$\pi ^\pm , p, \bar{p}$$

π
±

,
p
,

p

¯

) and the $$R_{AA}$$

R

AA

of antiparticles is the same as that of particles. The suppression effect of d is more significant than that of baryons and mesons in the high-$$p_T$$

p
T

region. The suppression of $$R_{AA}$$

R

AA

at high-$$p_T$$

p
T

strongly depends on event centrality and mass of the particles, i.e., the central collision is more suppressed than the peripheral collision. Besides, the yield ratios and double ratios for different particle species, and the coalescence parameter $$B_2$$

B
2

for ($$d, \bar{d}$$

d
,

d

¯

) in pp and Pb–Pb collisions are discussed, respectively. It is observed that the yield ratios and double ratios of d to p and p to $$\pi $$
π
are similar to those of their anti-particles in three different collision systems, suggesting that the suppressions of matter ($$\pi ^{+}, p, d$$

π
+

,
p
,
d

) and the corresponding antimatter ($$\pi ^{-},\bar{p},\bar{d}$$

π
-

,

p

¯

,

d

¯

) are around the same level.
A specific brain network for a social map in the human brain
Authors: Zhang Lu , Chen Ping , Schafer Matthew , Zheng Senning , Chen Lixiang , Wang Shuai , Liang Qunjun , Qi Qing , Zhang Yichen , Huang Ruiwang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIndividuals use social information to guide social interactions and to update relationships along multiple social dimensions. However, it is unclear what neural basis underlies this process of abstract “social navigation”. In the current study, we recruited twenty-nine participants who performed a choose-your-own-adventure game in which they interacted with fictional characters during fMRI scanning. Using a whole-brain GLM approach, we found that vectors encoding two-dimensional information about the relationships predicted BOLD responses in the hippocampus and the precuneus, replicating previous work. We also explored whether these geometric representations were related to key brain regions previously identified in physical and abstract spatial navigation studies, but we did not find involvement of the entorhinal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus or the retrosplenial cortex. Finally, we used psychophysiological interaction analysis and identified a network of regions that correlated during participants’ decisions, including the left posterior hippocampus, precuneus, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), and the insula. Our findings suggest a brain network for social navigation in multiple abstract, social dimensions that includes the hippocampus, precuneus, dlPFC, and insula.
Sensory stimulation-based protection from impending stroke following MCA occlusion is correlated with desynchronization of widespread spontaneous local field potentials
Authors: Rasheed Waqas , Wodeyar Anirudh , Srinivasan Ramesh , Frostig Ron D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn a rat model of ischemic stroke by permanent occlusion of the medial cerebral artery (pMCAo), we have demonstrated using continuous recordings by microelectrode array at the depth of the ischemic territory that there is an immediate wide-spread increase in spontaneous local field potential synchrony following pMCAo that was correlated with ischemic stroke damage, but such increase was not seen in control sham-surgery rats. We further found that the underpinning source of the synchrony increase is intermittent bursts of low multi-frequency oscillations. Here we show that such increase in spontaneous LFP synchrony after pMCAo can be reduced to pre-pMCAo baseline level by delivering early (immediately after pMCAo) protective sensory stimulation that reduced the underpinning bursts. However, the delivery of a late (3 h after pMCAo) destructive sensory stimulation had no influence on the elevated LFP synchrony and its underpinning bursts. Histology confirmed both protection for the early stimulation group and an infarct for the late stimulation group. These findings highlight the unexpected importance of spontaneous LFP and its synchrony as a predictive correlate of cerebral protection or stroke infarct during the hyperacute state following pMCAo and the potential clinical relevance of stimulation to reduce EEG synchrony in acute stroke.
Association of neovascular age-related macular degeneration with migraine
Authors: Kuang Tung-Mei , Xirasagar Sudha , Kao Yi-Wei , Ho Jau-Der , Lin Herng-Ching 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPatients with early onset vascular pathology have been reported to manifest neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). While the blood vessels involved in pathogenesis of migraine remains controversial, it is generally accepted that a major contributor is blood vessel pathology. This study aimed to examine the association between migraine and AMD using a nationwide population-based dataset. Retrospective claims data were collected from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. We identified 20,333 patients diagnosed with neovascular AMD (cases), and we selected 81,332 propensity score-matched controls from the remaining beneficiaries in Taiwan’s National Health Insurance system. We used Chi-square tests to explore differences in the prevalence of migraine prior to the index date between cases and controls. We performed multiple logistic regressions to estimate the odds of prior migraine among neovascular AMD patients vs. controls after adjusting for age, sex, monthly income, geographic location, residential urbanization level, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, coronary heart disease, hypertension, and previous cataract surgery. A total of 5184 of sample patients (5.1%) had a migraine claim before the index date; 1215 (6.1%) among cases and 3969 (4.9%) among controls (p < 0.001), with an unadjusted OR of 1.239 (95% CI 1.160~1.324, p < 0.001) for prior migraine among cases relative to controls. Furthermore, the adjusted OR was 1.201 (95% CI 1.123~1.284; p < 0.001) for AMD cases relative to controls. The study offers population-based evidence that persons with migraine have 20% higher risk of subsequently being diagnosed with neovascular AMD.
Effects of a FCBP gene polymorphism, location, and sex on Young’s modulus of the tenth primary feather in racing pigeons
Authors: Haase Eberhard , Dybus Andrzej , Konieczna Aneta , Kovalev Alexander , Gorb Stanislav 
Published: February 2022

AbstractYoung's modulus (E) is a measure for stiffness of a material and a higher E means a higher stiffness. The respective polymorphism of the feather corneous beta-protein gene causes the replacement of glycine by cysteine. We looked for possible effects of the threeFCBPgenotypes on E in the 10th primaries of racing pigeons. However, we did not find a statistically significant difference of E between the genotypes, even within the sexes and/or within different locations under our test conditions. Our findings do not preclude the possibility that under other conditions (temperature, moisture) an influence of the glycine/cysteine polymorphism on E may exist. Compared to the more proximal locations of the rachis (base and middle) we observed lower values for E in the distal region (tip). The 10th primary constitutes the leading edge of the pigeon wing and this special function may require higher stiffness in the proximal parts of the shaft. We observed significantly higher values of E in females than in males, which result only from statistically significantly higher values in the middle region. The higher stiffness of female primaries may also contribute to the better results of hens compared to cocks in pigeon races.
A new animal model of atrophy–hypertrophy complex and liver damage following Yttrium-90 lobar selective internal radiation therapy in rabbits
Authors: Páramo María , Santamaría Eva , Idoate Miguel A. , Rodríguez-Fraile Macarena , Benito Alberto , Collantes Maria , Quincoces Gemma , Peñuelas Iván , Berasain Carmen , Argemi Josepmaria , Quiroga Jorge , Sangro Bruno , Bilbao José I. , Iñarrairaegui Mercedes 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLobar selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) is widely used to treat liver tumors inducing atrophy of the treated lobe and contralateral hypertrophy. The lack of animal model has precluded further investigations to improve this treatment. We developed an animal model of liver damage and atrophy–hypertrophy complex after SIRT. Three groups of 5–8 rabbits received transportal SIRT with Yttrium 90 resin microspheres of the cranial lobes with different activities (0.3, 0.6 and 1.2 GBq), corresponding to predicted absorbed radiation dose of 200, 400 and 800 Gy, respectively. Another group received non-loaded microspheres (sham group). Cranial and caudal lobes volumes were assessed using CT volumetry before, 15 and 30 days after SIRT. Liver biochemistry, histopathology and gene expression were evaluated. Four untreated rabbits were used as controls for gene expression studies. All animals receiving 1.2 GBq were euthanized due to clinical deterioration. Cranial SIRT with 0.6 GBq induced caudal lobe hypertrophy after 15 days (median increase 34% -ns-) but produced significant toxicity. Cranial SIRT with 0.3 GBq induced caudal lobe hypertrophy after 30 days (median increase 82%, p = 0.04). No volumetric changes were detected in sham group. Transient increase in serum transaminases was detected in all treated groups returning to normal values at 15 days. There was dose-dependent liver dysfunction with bilirubin elevation and albumin decrease. Histologically, 1.2 GBq group developed permanent severe liver damage with massive necrosis, 0.6 and 0.3 GBq groups developed moderate damage with inflammation and portal fibrosis at 15 days, partially recovering at 30 days. There was no difference in the expression of hepatocyte function and differentiation genes between 0.3 GBq and control groups. Cranial SIRT with 0.3 GBq of 90Y resin microspheres in rabbits is a reliable animal model to analyse the atrophy–hypertrophy complex and liver damage without toxicity.
Structure-based prediction of HDAC6 substrates validated by enzymatic assay reveals determinants of promiscuity and detects new potential substrates
Authors: Varga Julia K. , Diffley Kelsey , Welker Leng Katherine R. , Fierke Carol A. , Schueler-Furman Ora 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHistone deacetylases play important biological roles well beyond the deacetylation of histone tails. In particular, HDAC6 is involved in multiple cellular processes such as apoptosis, cytoskeleton reorganization, and protein folding, affecting substrates such as ɑ-tubulin, Hsp90 and cortactin proteins. We have applied a biochemical enzymatic assay to measure the activity of HDAC6 on a set of candidate unlabeled peptides. These served for the calibration of a structure-based substrate prediction protocol, Rosetta FlexPepBind, previously used for the successful substrate prediction of HDAC8 and other enzymes. A proteome-wide screen of reported acetylation sites using our calibrated protocol together with the enzymatic assay provide new peptide substrates and avenues to novel potential functional regulatory roles of this promiscuous, multi-faceted enzyme. In particular, we propose novel regulatory roles of HDAC6 in tumorigenesis and cancer cell survival via the regulation of EGFR/Akt pathway activation. The calibration process and comparison of the results between HDAC6 and HDAC8 highlight structural differences that explain the established promiscuity of HDAC6.
Investigating surgical smoke in otolaryngology operating rooms
Authors: Li Chun-I. , Chou Ying-Hsiang , Pai Jar-Yuan , Chen Chih-Hsuan , Chiang Min-Chi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSurgical smoke is a common chemical hazard produced from the use of electrocautery, laser, or ultrasonic scalpels during surgery. It has been proved harmful to medical personnel. Thus, it is important to monitor surgical smoke concentrations in the operating room. In the past decade, many researches regarding surgical smoke were discussed in different professional healthcare fields, but few showed the correlation between surgical smoke and otolaryngology surgery. In this study, the concentrations of particulate matter and formaldehyde were measured during thirty cases of several types of otolaryngology surgery in a regional research hospital in Taiwan. The concentrations of 0.3 µm and 0.5 µm particulate matter raised rapidly in the main knife range at the beginning of the electrocautery knife used, and then decreased by half after 5–10 min of use. The concentrations of formaldehyde were ranged from 1 to 2 ppm during the surgery, which is higher than the permissible exposure limit. While many medical staffs are working in the operating room and are exposed to the smoke hazard, effective strategies for collecting and eliminating the smoke should be taken in all medical facilities.
Advanced sequencing approaches detected insertions of viral and human origin in the viral genome of chronic hepatitis E virus patients
Authors: Papp C.-Patrick , Biedermann Paula , Harms Dominik , Wang Bo , Kebelmann Marianne , Choi Mira , Helmuth Johannes , Corman Victor M. , Thürmer Andrea , Altmann Britta , Klink Patrycja , Hofmann Jörg , Bock C.-Thomas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe awareness of hepatitis E virus (HEV) increased significantly in the last decade due to its unexpectedly high prevalence in high-income countries. There, infections with HEV-genotype 3 (HEV-3) are predominant which can progress to chronicity in immunocompromised individuals. Persistent infection and antiviral therapy can select HEV-3 variants; however, the spectrum and occurrence of HEV-3 variants is underreported. To gain in-depth insights into the viral population and to perform detailed characterization of viral genomes, we used a new approach combining long-range PCR with next-generation and third-generation sequencing which allowed near full-length sequencing of HEV-3 genomes. Furthermore, we developed a targeted ultra-deep sequencing approach to assess the dynamics of clinically relevant mutations in the RdRp-region and to detect insertions in the HVR-domain in the HEV genomes. Using this new approach, we not only identified several insertions of human (AHNAK, RPL18) and viral origin (RdRp-derived) in the HVR-region isolated from an exemplary sample but detected a variant containing two different insertions simultaneously (AHNAK- and RdRp-derived). This finding is the first HEV-variant recognized as such showing various insertions in the HVR-domain. Thus, this molecular approach will add incrementally to our current knowledge of the HEV-genome organization and pathogenesis in chronic hepatitis E.
The earliest Pleistocene record of a large-bodied hominin from the Levant supports two out-of-Africa dispersal events
Authors: Barash Alon , Belmaker Miriam , Bastir Markus , Soudack Michalle , O’Brien Haley D. , Woodward Holly , Prendergast Amy , Barzilai Omry , Been Ella 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe paucity of early Pleistocene hominin fossils in Eurasia hinders an in-depth discussion on their paleobiology and paleoecology. Here we report on the earliest large-bodied hominin remains from the Levantine corridor: a juvenile vertebra (UB 10749) from the early Pleistocene site of ‘Ubeidiya, Israel, discovered during a reanalysis of the faunal remains. UB 10749 is a complete lower lumbar vertebral body, with morphological characteristics consistent with Homo sp. Our analysis indicates that UB-10749 was a 6- to 12-year-old child at death, displaying delayed ossification pattern compared with modern humans. Its predicted adult size is comparable to other early Pleistocene large-bodied hominins from Africa. Paleobiological differences between UB 10749 and other early Eurasian hominins supports at least two distinct out-of-Africa dispersal events. This observation corresponds with variants of lithic traditions (Oldowan; Acheulian) as well as various ecological niches across early Pleistocene sites in Eurasia.
Construction of a femininity score in the UK Biobank and its association with angina diagnosis prior to myocardial infarction
Authors: Levinsson Anna , de Denus Simon , Sandoval Johanna , Lemieux Perreault Louis-Philippe , Rouleau Joëlle , Tardif Jean-Claude , Hussin Julie , Dubé Marie-Pierre 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGender captures social components beyond biological sex and can add valuable insight to health studies in populations. However, assessment of gender typically relies on questionnaires which may not be available. The aim of this study is to construct a gender metric using available variables in the UK Biobank and to apply it to the study of angina diagnosis. Proxy variables for femininity characteristics were identified in the UK Biobank and regressed on sex to construct a composite femininity score (FS) validated using tenfold cross-validation. The FS was assessed as a predictor of angina diagnosis before incident myocardial infarction (MI) events. The FS was derived for 315,937 UK Biobank participants. In 3059 individuals with no history of MI at study entry who had an incident MI event, the FS was a significant predictor of angina diagnosis prior to MI (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.10–1.39, P < 0.001) with a significant sex-by-FS interaction effect (P = 0.003). The FS was positively associated with angina diagnosis prior to MI in men (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.19–1.57, P < 0.001), but not in women. We have provided a new tool to conduct gender-sensitive analyses in observational studies, and applied it to study of angina diagnosis prior to MI.