bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cohort study of long working hours and increase in blood high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentration: Mechanisms of overwork and cardiovascular disease
Authors: Lee Woncheol , Yim Hyeon Woo , Lee Yeseong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
We aimed to find evidence of the inflammation-mediated mechanism by which long working hours contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods
This cohort study was performed in 56 953 Korean adults free of CVD who underwent a comprehensive screening examination and were followed for up to 7 years. An increase in blood high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) of 1 mg/L or more at the follow-up visit was defined as an incidence. The average weekly working hours in the past year were categorized as ≤40, 41–52, 53–60, and ≥60 h per week. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using generalized estimating equations to calculate the risk of an incidental increase of hsCRP.

Results
Participants with longer working hours had a higher incidence of hsCRP. Multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of incident cases for ≥61 h compared with ≤40 h was 1.69 (1.04–2.75). In subgroup analyses according to sex and the presence of hypertension and diabetes, the risk of hsCRP incidence were highest in the group working more than 61 h in all subgroups, but none of them were statistically significant.

Conclusions
Working hours are independently associated with increased risk of elevated hsCRP in a dose–response relationship. Excessive long-time work is a risk factor for CVD, and it was found that an increase in hsCRP was associated with the pathogenesis.
Inmirania
Authors: Slobodkina Galina 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

In.mi.ra'ni.a. N.L. fem. n.
Inmirania
arbitrary name formed from the acronym of the Institute of Microbiology of Russian Academy of Sciences (Russian transliteration: Institut Mikrobiologii Rossijskoj Akademii Nauk; INMI RAN), which has made significant contributions to microbiology, particularly in research of sulfur and nitrogen cycles.

Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Chromatiales / Ectothiorhodospiraceae / Inmirania

The genus
Inmirania
, represented by a single species,
Inmirania thermothiophila
, accommodates Gram‐stain‐negative, rod‐shaped motile bacteria. Members of the genus are facultatively anaerobic, neutrophilic thermophiles with strictly respiratory type of metabolism. These bacteria are characterized by chemolithoautotrophic growth with elemental sulfur or thiosulfate as electron donors and energy sources as well as by chemoorganoheterotrophic growth with the carboxylic acids including low‐chain fatty acids, yeast extract, and peptone. Sugars are not utilized. Major cellular fatty acids are hexadecenoic (C
16:0
), 11‐octadecenoic (C
18:1
ω7
c
), octadecanoic (C
18:0
) and nonadecanoic (C
19:0
) acids. This genus is a member of the class
Gammaproteobacteria
, order
Chromatiales
, family
Ectothiorhodospiraceae
. Main habitats of the genus are marine ecosystems.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 74.3 (genome data).

Type species
:
Inmirania thermothiophila
Slobodkina et al. 2016
VP
.
Searching for Circular Photo Galvanic Effect in Oxyhalide Perovskite Bi4NbO8Cl
Authors: Chen Zhizhong , Xu Rui , Ma Sijie , Ma Yuan , Hu Yang , Zhang Lifu , Guo Yuwei , Huang Zhenhan , Wang Baiwei , Sun Yi‐Yang , Jiang Jie , Hawks Ryan , Jia Ru , Xiang Yu , Wang Gwo‐Ching , Wertz Esther A. , Tian Jisen , Gall Daniel , Chen Xinchun , Wang Vei , Gao Lei , Zhu Hanyu , Shi Jian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe ability to reconfigure spin structure and spin‐photon interactions by an external electric field is a prerequisite for seamless integration of opto‐spintronics into modern electronics. In this study, the use of electric field on the tuning of circular photo galvanic effect in a quasi‐2D oxyhalide perovskite Bi4NbO8Cl is reported. The electrical transport measurements are applied to study the switching characteristics of the microsheet devices. The electric field is used to tune the nanoscale devices and an optical orientation approach is applied to understand the field‐tuned spin‐polarized band structures. It is found that the circular photogalvanic current can be erased and re‐created by poling, indicating the electric‐field‐based control over spin structure. The study enriches the basic understanding of the symmetry‐regulated optoelectronic response in ferroelectrics with spin‐orbit coupling.
Metal‐Organic Framework Sandwiching Porous Super‐Engineering Polymeric Membranes as Anionphilic Separators for Dendrite‐free Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Lin Guo , Jia Kun , Bai Zhongxiang , Liu Chenchen , Liu Shuning , Huang Yumin , Liu Xiaobo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe development of multifunctional separators can be an effective solution for solving the lithium dendrite and safety issues of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). This study reveals an interfacial reaction protocol to prepare a functional separator to regulate lithium‐ion transport and enhance the safety of LMBs. Specifically, the well‐organized anionphilic MOFs layers are in situ grafted on both sides of porous super‐engineering polyarylene ether nitrile (PEN) membranes pre‐modified with polydopamine (PDA), which leads to sandwiched MOF/PEN@PDA/MOF multifunctional separators. Electrochemical tests prove that the optimized separator acts as a “Li‐ion guides” to balance the internal electric field and limit the free migration of anions, which extends the “Sand's time” of lithium dendrite nucleation and contributes a high Li+ transfer number of 0.81. On account of the alleviated interface side reactions, the optimized battery exhibits a highly stable lithium plating–stripping cycle of over 500 h. Meanwhile, the functional separator shows better thermal stability than its conventional polypropylene counterpart. Thanks to these features, the assembled LFP/Li cells with optimized separator exhibit stable cycling performance and high coulombic efficiency of 98% even at 90 °C. The current study opens a new path to designing separators for solving the lithium dendrite and safety issues of LMBs.
Atomic‐Level Phosphorus‐Doped Ultrathin Pt Nanodendrites as Efficient Electrocatalysts
Authors: Guo Ke , Fan Dongping , Bao Jianchun , Li Yafei , Xu Dongdong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe controllable synthesis of phosphorus (P) doped noble metal electrocatalysts with a well‐defined structure and composition has attracted sufficient attention in energy chemistry. In this study, atomic‐level P‐doped Pt nanodendrites (PtP NDs) with tunable composition and highly branched architecture are successfully prepared by post‐phosphating reaction of sodium hypophosphite monohydrate at room temperature. Due to its electrophilic properties, P effectively regulates the electronic structure of the d‐orbitals of Pt. The charge change induced by P on a local scale can effectively regulate the selective adsorption of electrocatalytic reaction intermediates. The electrocatalytic results show that the η10 value of PtP NDs in hydrogen evolution reaction is only 13.3 mV, and the mass activity of PtP NDs in methanol oxidation reaction is 4.2 A mg−1, which is 3.8 times larger than that of commercial Pt/C. Most importantly, the atomic‐level P doping greatly improves the stability of PtP NDs, which is crucial to facilitating the catalysts’ commercialization process.
Inverse Design of Mechanical Metamaterials with Target Nonlinear Response via a Neural Accelerated Evolution Strategy
Authors: Deng Bolei , Zareei Ahmad , Ding Xiaoxiao , Weaver James C. , Rycroft Chris H. , Bertoldi Katia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMaterials with target nonlinear mechanical response can support the design of innovative soft robots, wearable devices, footwear, and energy‐absorbing systems, yet it is challenging to realize them. Here, mechanical metamaterials based on hinged quadrilaterals are used as a platform to realize target nonlinear mechanical responses. It is first shown that by changing the shape of the quadrilaterals, the amount of internal rotations induced by the applied compression can be tuned, and a wide range of mechanical responses is achieved. Next, a neural network is introduced that provides a computationally inexpensive relationship between the parameters describing the geometry and the corresponding stress–strain response. Finally, it is shown that by combining the neural network with an evolution strategy, one can efficiently identify geometries resulting in a wide range of target nonlinear mechanical responses and design optimized energy‐absorbing systems, soft robots, and morphing structures.
Graphene Chemeo‐Phononics for Biosensor Applications: An Interfacial Raman Transducer
Authors: Keisham Bijentimala , Kim Sungjoon , Cotts Sheldon , Berry Vikas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLeveraging the phononic sensitivity and scalability of nano‐biointerfaces has accelerated the growth of unique and versatile biosensors. Graphene has the properties of a near‐ideal signal transducer, due to the strong coupling between its interfacial and phononic properties. This enables sensitive yet quick detection of surface interactions on graphene via Raman spectral analysis. The Raman‐active vibrational bands of graphene are demonstrated to be sensitive to structural, electrical, and interfacial modifications. This sensitivity is attributed to graphene's electron–phonon coupling and high quantum capacitance. The fundamental understanding of graphene phonons is crucial for developing reliable platforms for disease and infectious agent detection. This review provides a mechanistic explanation of these phenomena at the interface between graphene and various biosystems (including cancerous, bacterial, viral, and biophysical specimens) to set the foundation for next‐generation chemeo‐phononic medical devices.
What are Methylammonium and Solvent Fates upon Halide Perovskite Thin‐Film Preparation and Thermal Aging?
Authors: Zheng Daming , Chen Fei , Rager Marie‐Noelle , Gollino Liam , Zhang Boxue , Pauporté Thierry 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe recent remarkable achievements in terms of efficiency performance and stability of hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are notably obtained by optimizing the A‐site cation composition of formamidinium‐based 3D perovskites. As methylammonium chloride is ubiquitously employed in precursor solution for very high efficiency formamidinium‐based PSC, the purpose of the present paper is to unveil the exact role of methylammonium (MA+), chloride, and solvent on the film growth and their fate upon the layer thermal annealing process. Methylammonium is shown to react with formamidinium to form two methyl compounds while its excess is eliminated along with chloride. The final perovskite layer A‐sites are mainly occupied by formamidinium, whereas MA+ content is only 2–3 mol%, and below the 3‐N‐methyl formamidinium one. 1‐N‐methyl formamidinium is detected as traces. Meanwhile, the solvent is homogenously eliminated throughout the layer thickness. Upon thermal aging stress, the layer is degraded from its top with the formation of PbI2. MA+ is rapidly fully eliminated while the stable methyl formamidinium compounds remain in the perovskite layer.
Hydrogen Sulfide Gas Detection in ppb Levels at Room Temperature with a Printed, Flexible, Disposable In2O3 NPs‐Based Sensor for IoT Food Packaging Applications
Authors: Al Shboul Ahmad M. , Ketabi Mohsen , Mechael Sara S. , Nyayachavadi Audithya , Rondeau‐Gagné Simon , Izquierdo Ricardo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFlexible printed sensors are essential components for modern Internet of Things applications. They may twist and bend to fit any shape or surface. New potential applications emerge as these sensors’ sophistication and sensing efficiency improve. In this study, a printed sensor is prepared from indium oxide nanoparticles (In2O3 NPs)‐based nanocomposite for hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas detection at ambient conditions. The as‐fabricated sensor has excellent capabilities, including sensitivity and selectivity to low gas concentrations than 100 ppb (<100 ppb), anti‐humid property up to relative humidity (RH) ≈ 100%, high chemical stability in severe environments, good mechanical flexibility up to 50 bending cycles at 30° bending angle, and good thermomechanical stability between ‐40 °C ‐ 40 °C. Moreover, the sensor detects the low concentrations of H2S gas produced during the spoilage of organosulfur‐rich food (beef and fish) while remaining insensitive to humidity changes up to RH ≈ 100%, resulting in the fist‐of‐its‐type chemiresistive sensor for food packaging application. The sensors’ response to H2S gas is based on the contribution of the physical and chemical sensing mechanisms, which rely on the H2S molecules’ reactions on the sensor's surface with the adsorbed oxygen molecules and the sensing materials (copper acetate (CuAc) and In2O3 NPs), respectively.
Simulation of Factor on SOC Inconsistency within a Series‐Connected Lithium‐Ion Battery Pack
Authors: Zhang Yanqin , Yang Ran , Chi Rongchen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper outlines a new simulation approach to study the effect of factors on the state of charge (SOC) consistency of Li‐ion battery packs. The proposed method is based on a system model and the Monte Carlo method. The system model includes 100 serial connected equivalent circuit models and their respective parameters. This paper divides the internal and external factors into two categories: independent factors such as internal resistance, capacity, Coulombic efficiency, leakage current, and comprehensive factors related to temperature. The Monte Carlo method simulates the differences and distribution of independent factors among cells. Temperature‐dependent factors are modeled with empirical formulas. Simulation results show that the main factors affecting SOC consistency are differences in battery temperature, leakage current, and Coulombic efficiency. Meanwhile, slight differences in capacity and internal resistance have little effect on SOC inconsistency. Furthermore, this paper demonstrates the effectiveness of the system model.
Computation of the Binding Energies between Human ACE2 and Spike RBDs of the Original Strain, Delta and Omicron Variants of the SARS‐CoV‐2: A DFT Simulation Approach
Authors: Yamacli Serhan , Avci Mutlu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS‐CoV‐2 binds to human ACE2 leading to infection. In this study, the complexes that are formed by the attachment of the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike RBDs of the original strain, delta and omicron variants to the human ACE2 are investigated via density functional theory (DFT) simulations to obtain binding energies. The DFT computations are performed without fragmenting the interfaces to involve longer‐range interactions for improved accuracy, which is one of the primary features of the approach used in this study. Basis set superposition error corrections and van der Waals dispersions are also included in the DFT simulations. The binding energies of the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike RBDs of the original strain, delta and omicron variants to the human ACE2 are computed as −4.76, −6.68, and −11.77 eV, respectively. These binding energy values indicate that the binding of the omicron variant to the ACE2 is much more favorable than the binding of the original strain and the delta variant, which constitute a molecular reason for the takeover of the omicron variant. The binding energies and the decomposition of these energies found in this study are expected to aid in the development of neutralizing agents.
Boosting Battery Safety by Mitigating Thermal‐Induced Crosstalk with a Bi‐Continuous Separator
Authors: Song Youzhi , Wang Li , Cui Hao , Liang Hongmei , Hu Qiao , Ren Dongsheng , Yang Yang , Zhang Hao , Xu Hong , He Xiangming 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLithium‐ion batteries are taking center stage in the environmental revolution through the ever‐growing adoption of electric vehicles. However, safety issues derived from battery thermal runaway remain a prominent challenge. In this work, a bi‐continuous separator (Bi‐Sep) via micro‐gravure and phase inversion techniques is developed. The proposed nonshrinkage separator exhibits a nanoporous morphology and a super‐stretchable property, thus effectively blocking both internal short circuits and chemical crosstalk between electrodes at thermal abusive temperatures. Besides its considerable performance at normal conditions, the LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2/graphite pouch cell assembled with the Bi‐Sep separator presents superior sustainability at an elevated temperature of 60 °C. Moreover, the cell using this Bi‐Sep separator achieves an extremely high level of survivability under thermal abusive conditions. This work concludes that engineering the porous structure and thermomechanical properties of a separator, rather than simply improving its heat‐resistance, is of significant importance for the development of safe batteries.
Associations between different heart rate variability ratios and cardiometabolic risk factors in young adults
Authors: Plaza‐Florido Abel , Sacha Jerzy , Alcantara Juan M. A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsTo study the association of two different heart rate variability (HRV) ratios with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in young adults.MethodA total of 132 participants (89 women) were included in this cross‐sectional study. We assessed their HRV and computed the low frequency‐to‐high frequency ratio (LF/HF) and, from the Poincaré plot, the ratio of the inverse of the longitudinal (SD2) to the transversal (SD1) axes ([1000/SD2]/SD1; sympathetic: parasympathetic [S:PS] ratio). From blood samples, we determined total cholesterol, high‐density (HDL‐C) and low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA) index. Multiple linear regression models were adjusted for age.ResultsBoth, the LF/HF and the S:PS ratios, were positively associated with glucose metabolism markers (glucose, insulin, HOMA index), and negatively associated with HDL‐C in women but not in men.ConclusionWe showed that the LF/HF and the S:PS are associated similarly with CVD risk factors in young women.
Association between social determinants of health and olfactory dysfunction in older adults: A population‐based analysis
Authors: Stein Eli , Chern Alexander , Chen Honglei , Shiroma Eric J. , Devanand D. P. , Gudis David A. , Overdevest Jonathan B. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundSocial determinants of health (SDoH) are environmental conditions that influence health outcomes. As olfactory dysfunction (OD) in older individuals is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, we sought to investigate the impact of specific SDoH on olfactory function.MethodsA cross‐sectional analysis of the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study, a US population‐based epidemiologic cohort study, was performed. Olfactory function was assessed utilizing both a self‐report and a psychophysical olfactory test (CC‐SIT test). Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to examine associations between specific SDoH with self‐reported anosmia (sOD) and objective anosmia (oOD) as assessed by psychophysical testing. Differences in sensitivity and specificity were evaluated with sample tests for equality of proportions.ResultsOf 2219 participants, 13% had oOD and 18% had objective hyposmia; only 10% had sOD. Individuals identifying as Black race had higher odds of oOD (odds ratio [OR]:1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.02‐1.95), while females and those reporting family incomes ≥$50,000 had lower odds of oOD (OR: 0.46, CI:0.34‐0.62; OR:0.52, CI:0.29‐0.93), adjusting for covariates. No specific SDoH was significantly associated with sOD. The sensitivity and specificity of sOD for oOD was 23.1% and 92.0%, respectively. sOD had greater sensitivity in females than males (30.8% vs. 18.8%, p = 0.030), while specificity varied significantly depending on family income (range: 90.0%‐94.8%, p = 0.033).ConclusionsUtilizing a large population‐based study, we find disparities in the prevalence and self‐recognition of OD among individuals of different gender, race, and income levels. Further effort is needed to evaluate factors propagating these disparities and to raise awareness of OD across all patient populations.
Effects of cocoa extract and a multivitamin on cognitive function: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Baker Laura D. , Manson Joann E. , Rapp Stephen R. , Sesso Howard D. , Gaussoin Sarah A. , Shumaker Sally A. , Espeland Mark A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionDietary supplements are touted for cognitive protection, but supporting evidence is mixed. COSMOS‐Mind tested whether daily administration of cocoa extract (containing 500 mg/day flavanols) versus placebo and a commercial multivitamin‐mineral (MVM) versus placebo improved cognition in older women and men.MethodsCOSMOS‐Mind, a large randomized two‐by‐two factorial 3‐year trial, assessed cognition by telephone at baseline and annually. The primary outcome was a global cognition composite formed from mean standardized (z) scores (relative to baseline) from individual tests, including the Telephone Interview of Cognitive Status, Word List and Story Recall, Oral Trail‐Making, Verbal Fluency, Number Span, and Digit Ordering. Using intention‐to‐treat, the primary endpoint was change in this composite with 3 years of cocoa extract use. The pre‐specified secondary endpoint was change in the composite with 3 years of MVM supplementation. Treatment effects were also examined for executive function and memory composite scores, and in pre‐specified subgroups at higher risk for cognitive decline.ResultsA total of 2262 participants were enrolled (mean age = 73y; 60% women; 89% non‐Hispanic White), and 92% completed the baseline and at least one annual assessment. Cocoa extract had no effect on global cognition (mean z‐score = 0.03, 95% CI: ‐0.02 to 0.08; P = .28). Daily MVM supplementation, relative to placebo, resulted in a statistically significant benefit on global cognition (mean z = 0.07, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.12; P = .007), and this effect was most pronounced in participants with a history of cardiovascular disease (no history: 0.06, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.11; history: 0.14, 95% CI ‐0.02 to 0.31; interaction, nominal P = .01). Multivitamin‐mineral benefits were also observed for memory and executive function. The cocoa extract by MVM group interaction was not significant for any of the cognitive composites.DiscussionCocoa extract did not benefit cognition. However, COSMOS‐Mind provides the first evidence from a large, long‐term, pragmatic trial to support the potential efficacy of a MVM to improve cognition in older adults. Additional work is needed to confirm these findings in a more diverse cohort and to identify mechanisms to account for MVM effects.Highlights
COSMOS‐Mind was a large simple pragmatic randomized clinical trial in older adults conducted by mail and telephone.
The trial used a two‐by‐two factorial design to assess treatment effects of two different interventions within a single large study.
We found no cognitive benefit of daily cocoa extract administration (containing 500 mg flavanols) for 3 years.
Daily multivitamin‐mineral (MVM) supplementation for 3 years improved global cognition, episodic memory, and executive function in older adults.
The MVM benefit appeared to be greater for adults with cardiovascular disease.