bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of cardiac shock wave therapy for rehospitalization in patients with severe coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis
Authors: Li Peng , Jia Na , Liu Bing , He Qing 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective We have previously demonstrated that cardiac shock wave therapy (CSWT) effectively improves myocardial ischemia in patients with severe coronary artery disease. In this study, we further addressed the efficacy and safety of CSWT in patients with severe coronary artery disease (SCAD) or refractory angina (RA).Methods We undertook a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and prospective cohort studies identified in systematic searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Database, and Chinese SinoMed Database. Primary endpoint was the rate of major adverse cardiac events (MACE, the composite outcome of mortality, coronary artery revascularization, and rehospitalization). Required information size (RIS) was calculated with trial sequential analysis (TSA).Results A total of 14 RCTs and 5 prospective cohort studies involving 1172 patients with a mean follow-up of 10.6 months (range 3–72) months were included. Overall, CSWT significantly decreased the rate of MACE compared with the control group (RR, 0.39; 95%CI, 0.29–0.53), which was mainly attributed to markedly lower risk of rehospitalization in the CSWT group (RR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.27–0.51). Subgroup analysis showed that the pooled RR in studies enrolling patients with higher CCS (≥2.4) (RR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.26–0.50) was significantly lower than that in studies enrolling patients with lower CCS (<2.4) (RR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.29–1.16). TSA showed that The RIS for MACE was 935, and the accrued information size was 577.Conclusions CSWT could decrease the rate of rehospitalization and MACE among patients with SCAD or RA.
Impact and burden of Sickle Cell Disease in critically ill obstetric patients in a high dependency unit in Sierra Leone - a registry based evaluation
Authors: Mortara Milena , Turay Momoh Sitta , Boyle Sonia , Caracciolo Claudia , Bah Sarjoh , Kargbo Henry , Hanciles Eva , John-Cole Valerie , Scapini Ester , Benoni Roberto , Dissanayake Vishmi , Beane Abi , Taylor Williamson , Haniffa Rashan , Pisani Luigi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction Sickle cell disease (SCD) in pregnancy is associated with worse maternal and neonatal outcomes. There is limited available data describing burden and outcomes of critically ill obstetric patients affected by SCD in low-income settings. Objectives We aimed to define SCD burden and impact on mortality in critically-ill obstetric patients admitted to an urban referral hospital in Sierra Leone. We hypothesized that SCD burden is high and independently associated with increased mortality. Methods We performed a registry-based cross-sectional study from March 2020 to December 2021 in the high-dependency unit (HDU) of Princess Christian Maternity Hospital PCMH, Freetown. Primary endpoints were the proportion of patients identified in the SCD group and HDU mortality. Secondary endpoints included frequency of maternal direct obstetric complications (MDOCs) and the maternal early obstetric warning score (MEOWS).Results Out of a total of 497 patients, 25 (5.5%) qualified to be included in the SCD group. MEOWS on admission was not different between patients with and without SCD and SCD patients had also less frequently reported MDOCs. Yet, HDU mortality in the SCD group was 36%, compared to 9.5% in the non SCD group (P<0.01), with an independent association with mortality when accounting for severity on admission and occurrence of a MDOC (hazard ratio 2.69; 95%CI 1.21-5.99; P= 0,015). Patients with SCD had a tendency to longer HDU length of stay. Conclusions One out of twenty patients accessing a HDU in Sierra Leone had self-reported SCD. Despite comparable severity on admission, mortality in SCD patients was four times higher than patients without SCD. Optimization of intermediate and intensive care for this group of patients should be prioritized in low-resource settings with high maternal mortality.
Formulation and Validation of Probioticated Foxtail Millet Laddu as a Source of Antioxidant for Biological System
Authors: Rubavathi S. , Ganesan Ayyappadasan , Harini T. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The present investigation deals with the formulation of Indian conventional sweet item laddu with the enriched constituents of millet and Lactobacillus acidophilus. The food ingredients of laddu were modelled and optimized by using Design Expert software to make optimized final testable product. The probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus culture was added in three different forms namely lyophilised, gum arabic microencapsulated powder and natural curd. The formulated probiotic with foxtail laddu was selected based on the criteria of colour, odour and texture of the product. The carbohydrate, protein and fat content were estimated to be stable at 96.7g, 16.7g and 22.7g respectively. The viability test for the incorporated Lactobacillus acidophilus revealed that the formulated product showed a decrease in microbial count for a storage period of two months by analysing kinetic death rate. The lyophilised and microencapsulated culture showed a good viability 6.10 ± 0.09 log cfu/g and 7.43 ± 0.02 log cfu/g at 4°C when compared to storing at room temperature as 5.41 ± 0.08 log cfu/g and 6.97 ± 0.02 log cfu/g at the end of the storage period.. Probiotic millet laddu might serve as a value-added food product for the consumption of public and might improve the general health of the public.
A comparative study of centralized and distributed battery approach in Multi-energy harvesting system for UWSN
Authors: Saleem Azizullah , Akkan Taner , Akkan L. Özlem Karaca 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Underwater sensor network (UWSNs) has sensors and mobile wireless transceivers deployed in under and upper water areas to perform data monitoring and acquisitions. With the emerging technologies UWSNs has many different specific underwater applications. But there are problems and challenges facing underwater environment such as propagation delays, energy limitation, narrow bandwidth, and node mobility. Various protocols have been developed to deal with these issues. Energy consumption is one of the main problems in underwater wireless sensor network as the nodes’ batteries have limited amount of energy. Furthermore, batteries cannot be replaced easily as replacement cost is very high and batteries have high weight. To solve energy consumption problem, firstly multi power harvesting system is developed and optimized using genetic optimization, followed by design of wireless sensor nodes battery energy level model based on multi energy harvested system and its application to centralized and distributed system is investigated and finally followed by discussion and conclusion.
The impact of PM2.5 on oxidative stress and inflammatory in BV-2 Cell and the protective effect of Coelonin
Authors: Tian Shu‑Xin , Wang Bi-Xu , Sun Tong , Sun Ling , Zhou Fang Mei , Zhou Ming-Yuan , Zhu Bing Qi , Ding Zhi Shan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Although accumulating evidence have demonstrated that fine particulate matter (PM2.5) induces neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying the PM2.5 exposed microglia remain unclear. Furthermore, effective drugs for neurological diseases are urgently required. Based on the above background, the goal of the study is to investigate PM2.5-induced cytotoxicity to BV-2 microglia cells, and the role of coelonin in preventing PM2.5-related neurotoxic effects. Our results demonstrated that the increase of PM2.5 concentration exacerbated neuroinflammatory reaction and oxidative stress in BV-2 cells, particularly at the concentration of 100 and 200 µg/mL. Treatment with coelonin can prevent the neurotoxic effects of PM2.5 exposure through anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties, and its anti-inflammatory mechanism was correlated to the TLR2/TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Our results elaborated new insights into PM2.5-induced central nervous system (CNS) injury and provided a novel therapeutic strategy for preventing these effects of PM2.5 exposure.
Magnetic resonance imaging in assessment of neurological complications after aortic arch reconstruction in neonates
Authors: Bergen Tatyana A. , Soynov Ilya A. , Anfinogenova Nina D. , Ussov Wladimir Yu. , Ilin Alexey , Pak Natalya T. , Kobelev Eugenii , Gorbatykh Yury N. , Chernyavskiy Aleksandr M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Occurrence of cerebrovascular events in neonates after reconstruction of the aortic arch remains a common. The purpose of the study was to analyze immediate neurologic outcomes in neonates with aortic coarctation/hypoplastic aortic arch based on modified brain MRI after a reconstructive surgery. Methods: A total of 40 neonates with aortic coarctation/hypoplastic aortic arch underwent reconstructive aortic arch reconstruction. All patients were divided to two groups: group 1 comprised patients who underwent aortic arch repair (AAR) with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA); group 2 comprised patients with antegrade cerebral perfusion by double arterial cannulation (ACP). All individuals underwent brain examination with MRI (DWI, SWI, T1, double echo) five to seven days after surgery.Results: According analysis MRI examination must include diffusion-, T2*-, T1 and dual-echo weighted imaging during perioperative period of AAR. The frequency of cerebrovascular events (CVE) was significantly higher in group 1 compared with group 2 (70 vs. 30%; p = 0.025). Air embolic occlusion and infarction of watershed zones were observed in the group with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (35.7% vs. 0%; p = 0.25). The incidence rates of cortical laminar necrosis and intracranial hematoma was similar between groups. Conclusion: Double arterial cannulation was a more protective technique in terms of preventing CVE. Targeted MRI administration for the brain examination of neonates in the early postoperative period allowed to identify intracranial CVE that occurred in the early postoperative period and detect the pathology of the brain structures that were not associated with surgical treatment.
Hounsfield Unit Variations-Based Liver Lesions Detection and Classification Using Deep Learning
Authors: PHAN Anh-Cang , TRIEU Thanh-Ngoan , PHAN Thuong-Cang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Deep learning-based diagnosis systems are useful to identify abnormalities on medical images with the greatly increased workload of doctors. Specifically, the rate of new cases and deaths from malignancies is rising for liver diseases. Early detection of liver lesions plays an extremely important role in effective treatment and gives a higher chance of survival for patients. Therefore, automatic detection and classification of common liver lesions are essential for doctors. In fact, radiologists mainly rely on Hounsfield Units to locate liver lesions but the previous studies often pay little attention to this factor. In this paper, we propose an improved method for automatic classification of common liver lesions based on deep learning technique and the variation of Hounsfield Unit densities on CT images with and without contrast. Hounsfield Unit is used to locate liver lesions accurately and support data labeling for classification. We construct a multi-phase classification model developed on the deep neural networks of Faster R-CNN, R-FCN, SSD, and Mask R-CNN with transfer learning approach. The experiments are conducted on six scenarios with multi-phase CT images of common liver lesions. Experimental results show that the proposed method improves the detection and classification of liver lesions compared with recent methods because its accuracy achieves up to 97.4%. It is useful for practical systems to assist doctors in the diagnosis and treatment of liver lesions.
Finite element analysis of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation in the treatment of osteoporotic AO3.3 intertrochanteric fracture
Authors: Guo Hao , Chen Guang-xin , Lian Hong-yu , Liu Ke-xin , Li Zi-tao , Chen Xiao-qin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: We aimed to use the finite element method to simulate the biomechanical effects of bone cement on the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures with different degrees of osteoporosis using proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) to provide personalized treatment plans for patients with type 31-A3.3 intertrochanteric fractures based on the AO Foundation/Orthopaedic Trauma Association classification. Methods: A finite element model of a normal right femur was created from CT images using related finite element analysis software, and its effectiveness was verified. In the experimental group, 12 types of fracture models with different degrees of osteoporosis were fixed using PFNA, while in the control group, 12 types of osteoporotic fracture models were fixed using bone cement augmented PFNA. A 700 N force was applied to the femoral head in a direction that simulated the direction of load-bearing while standing. The differences in the maximum displacement of the femur, PFNA, femoral stress, and varus angle between the two groups were observed and compared in ANSYS software. Results: Compared with the common PFNA model, the femoral head displacement, PFNA displacement, and varus angle of the femoral head were significantly smaller in the bone cement augmented PFNA model. However, the maximum stress in the femur was significantly increased. Compared with the experimental group, the change rate of femoral head displacement, PFNA displacement, and varus angle decreased from 2.94% to 5.89%, 3.23% to 4.79%, and 0.41% to 8.51% with increase in the degree of femur osteoporosis. The maximum stress change rate of the femur increased from 12.2% to 5.74%. Conclusion: Common PFNA for treatment of A3.3 intertrochanteric fracture is likely to fail in severe osteoporosis, and the varus angle and displacement can be significantly reduced with cement reinforcement. Therefore, PFNA internal fixation with bone cement should be considered for treatment of severe osteoporosis. When used in mild osteoporosis, bone cement increases the stress at the joint between the screw blade and the main nail; therefore, the use of PFNA alone should be considered for treatment in such cases to increase the service life of internal fixation devices.
Improved stability analysis of Semiconductor Lasers subjected to optical feedback by using the new modified rate equations model
Authors: Mengue A D , Essebe D E , Essimbi B Z 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the modified model of semiconductor lasers (SCLs) subjected to optical feedback and we showcase the main dynamical features that emerge in this system by emphasizing the prominent role played by the new control parameter namely the mean of effective gain coefficient (MEGC). A detailed linear stability analysis is performed wherein many approaches allow to put forth accurate limits of steady state, relaxation oscillation and chaotic areas controlled by MEGC. The process of the modulational instability is stuck out and the diagonal break-up of the ellipsoid enclosing external modes and antimodes is carried out leading to coherence collapse phenomenon and the excited mode scattering that is gradually extended by increased MEGC states. The route to the narrow linewidth at the limit conditions is fulfilled under the drastic impact of MEGC likewise the dependency of Hopf bifurcation parameters, as well as mode excitation and induced destructive interference of optical feedback in the modified potential well model.
Development of a radiomics nomogram for predicting the lung metastasis in soft-tissue sarcoma: a multi-center study
Authors: Hu Yue , Wang Xiaoyu , Yue Zhibin , Wang Hongbo , Wang Yan , Luo Yahong , Jiang Wenyan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: To develop a multi-modality MRI-based radiomics nomogram for predicting the lung metastasis (LM) in soft-tissue sarcoma (STS).Methods: We enrolled 122 patients who clinicopathologically confirmed STS from our hospital to form a primary cohort. Thirty-two patients from another hospital were included as an external validation cohort. All patients underwent pretreatment T1-weighted contrast-enhanced (T1-CE) MRI scans. Radiomics features were calculated and selected from the T1-CE MRI sequence, and used to build the radiomics signature. Clinical factors were evaluated by the logistic regression. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was applied to construct a radiomics nomogram incorporating the radiomics signature with the important clinical factor. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC), calibration and decision curve analysis (DCA) curves were plotted to assess the radiomics methods.Results: A total of 5 features were finally identified highly related to the LM status to develop the radiomics signature. A clinical-radiomics nomogram integrating the radiomics signature and margin achieved the best prediction performance in the training (AUCs, nomogram vs. radiomics signature vs. margin, 0.918 vs. 0.864 vs. 0.609), internal validation (AUCs, nomogram vs. radiomics signature vs. margin, 0.864 vs. 0.841 vs. 0.666) and external validation (AUCs, nomogram vs. radiomics signature vs. margin, 0.843 vs. 0.800 vs. 0.643) cohort. DCA indicated potential usefulness of the nomogram.Conclusions: This study evaluated predictive values of T1-CE MRI for the prediction of lung metastasis in STSs, and proposed a nomogram model to potentially facilitate the preoperative individualized treatment decision making for STSs.
Adult Omental Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma: an unusual site. A case report and literature review
Authors: Anwar Chammout , Alshutaihi Mohamad Sami , Kelarji Ahmad Beshr , Naser Mouiad , Mouselli Asaad , Alyousfi Rama 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Omental alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in adults is a very hazardous tumor. Its pathogenesis is still under discussion and many studies consider it different from its pediatric counterpart. This tumor can arise from any soft tissue in the body thus it can be found anywhere, but it's found mainly in the head and neck region. Omentum as the primary site was reported only by six studies in the English literature before. In this paper we aim to report the seventh case and perform a review of all paperworks that pertains to this topic. Case Presentation: we present a case of a 52 years old smoker male. His medical record was not significant. He presented with dull pain in the right iliac fossa. He had suffered from generalized abdominal pain in the past several months but this time the pain was unbearable. On examination he had a palpable mass in the region. CT revealed a mass arising from omentum. A laparotomy was performed and biopsies were taken, stained, examined and led to the diagnosis of ARMS. The patient was put on radio and chemo-therapy. He missed some appointments after that. When he was admitted 2 months later he was suffering from neurological symptoms which after performing lumbar puncture turned out to be tumor metastasis. Regrettably the patient died after his second cycle of chemotherapy.Conclusion: Adult rhabdomyosarcomas are rare tumors that can arise from any soft tissue including omentum and should be taken into consideration when we deal with primary tumors originating from that area. The studies and our understanding for this neoplasm is still so limited and should be expanded widely.
Unraveling the impact of long-term monoculture practice on soil fertility: insights from microbial biomass and carbon metabolic rate in a Chinese meadow soil
Authors: Zhao Zhirui , Wu Haimiao , Meng Xiangyuan , Ma Chao , Li Shuyuan , Yuan Kaini , Fang Xiaofeng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Agricultural intensification generally deteriorates soil health conditions. We aimed to examine whether and to what extent long-term rice cultivation activities would adversely influence soil physicochemical and microbial characteristics. The research was performed in a seed multiplication farm in Wuchang city of China. We quantified changes in physicochemical indicators and microbial indices (biomass and carbon metabolic characteristic (AWCD)) of soils collected in both cultivated (rhizosphere (RS) and bulk soil (BS)) and uncultivated (US) paddy rice fields from spring to winter. The non-parametric method was used to compare AWCDs of the three types of soil samples. Principal component analysis was employed in distinguishing differences in soil physicochemical indicators and AWCDs, respectively, of the three types of soil. We found that: (1) RS commonly performed well in nutrient-related soil physicochemical indicators. (2) Microbial biomass in US was constantly higher than BS and RS. (3) There was a visible difference in preference of carbon compound groups for the three soil types between summer and other seasons. In conclusion, agricultural activities could reshape soil microbial characteristics. Notably, specific cultivation activity may induce distinct responses of soil microbial parameters. Moreover, soil biological properties respond more sensitively to cultivation practices than traditional physicochemical indicators.
A novel method for the synthesis of 2-chloro-3-[ trans-4-(4-chlorophenyl) cyclohexyl ]-1,4-naphthoquinone: an intermediate of Atovaquone, with systematic studies towards reaction optimization, recovery and reuse aspects
Authors: S SANJAY S 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Present work reports a novel and commercially viable method for the synthesis of 2-chloro-3-[trans-4-(4-chlorophenyl) cyclohexyl]-1,4-naphthoquinone 1 (an intermediate of popular antimalarial drug, Atovaquone). Most of the prior art disclosures towards the synthesis of 1 were with low yields but involves the use of expensive raw materials and the reaction would generate lot of effluents. In this regard, it was considered worthwhile to synthesize 1 by a novel route with high yield and purity. Moreover, locally available inexpensive raw materials were used with an emphasis on recovery and reuse of essential reagent/solvents. 2,3-Dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone 5 was selected as one of the key raw material instead of its mono-halo analogue due to its abundant availability at relatively low cost. Various experiments were performed to optimize the reaction conditions for the reliability towards consistent yield and purity. Silver metal was recovered from the inorganics, it was further converted back to silver nitrate and reused for the reaction along with recovered solvents (acetonitrile and dichloromethane).