bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Luxembourg: Political Developments and Data in 2021
Authors: DUMONT PATRICK , KIES RAPHAËL 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLuxembourg politics in 2021 was again largely determined by the evolution of the Covid‐19 pandemic and its response by public authorities, with an easing of restrictions which was followed by the adoption of stricter measures due to the emergence of the Omicron variant. This sequence caused an outcry in the population, with protests that sometimes became violent. The three‐party coalition government was also shaken, at the end of the year, by the decision of three of its ministers to resign from their position. After changes of ministerial personnel within The Greens/Déi Gréng delegation in previous years, this time the turnover (set to become official in 2022) concerned the Socialists/Lëtzebuerger Sozialistesch Aarbechterpartei and the Democratic Pary/Demokratesch Partei. But 2021 was also a particularly difficult year for the historically dominant party of the Grand Duchy, the Christian‐Social People's Party/Chrëschtlech‐Sozial Vollekspartei, in opposition since 2013, but still the largest party in Parliament, as it saw its leader forced out of office.
Chronological attenuation of NPRA/PKG/AMPK signaling promotes vascular aging and elevates blood pressure
Authors: Long Changkun , Liu Hongfei , Zhan Wenxing , Chen Liping , Yu Zhenping , Tian Shane , Xiang Yang , Chen Shenghan , Tian Xiao‐Li 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHypertension is common in elderly population. We designed to search comprehensively for genes that are chronologically shifted in their expressions and to define their contributions to vascular aging and hypertension. RNA sequencing was conducted to search for senescence‐shifted transcripts in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Small interfering RNA (siRNA), small‐molecule drugs, CRISPR/Cas9 techniques, and imaging were used to determine genes' function and contributions to age‐related phenotypes of the endothelial cell and blood vessel. Of 25 genes enriched in the term of “regulation of blood pressure,” NPRA was changed most significantly. The decreased NPRA expression was replicated in aortas of aged mice. The knockdown of NPRA promoted HUVEC senescence and it decreased expressions of protein kinase cGMP‐dependent 1 (PKG), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Suppression of NPRA also decreased the phosphorylation of AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) as well as the ratio of oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) but increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). 8‐Br‐cGMP (analog of cGMP), or AICAR (AMPK activator), counteracted the observed changes in HUVECs. The Npr1+/− mice presented an elevated systolic blood pressure and their vessels became insensitive to endothelial‐dependent vasodilators. Further, vessels from Npr1+/− mice increased Cdkn1a but decreased eNos expressions. These phenotypes were rescued by intravenously administrated 8‐Br‐cGMP and viral overexpression of human PKG, respectively. In conclusion, we demonstrate NPRA/PKG/AMPK as a novel and critical signaling axis in the modulation of endothelial cell senescence, vascular aging, and hypertension.
Evidence for high breakpoint variability in 46, XX, SRY‐positive testicular disorder and frequent ARSE deletion that may be associated with short stature
Authors: Capron Céline , Januel Louis , Vieville Gaëlle , Jaillard Sylvie , Kuentz Paul , Salaun Gaëlle , Nadeau Gwenaël , Clement Patrice , Brechard Marie Pierre , Herve Bérénice , Dupont Jean Michel , Gruchy Nicolas , Chambon Pascal , Abdelhedi Fatma , Dahlen Eric , Vago Philippe , Harbuz Radu , Plotton Ingrid , Coutton Charles , Belaud‐Rotureau Marc‐Antoine , Schluth‐Bolard Caroline , Vialard François 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe translocation ofSRYonto one of the two X chromosomes results in a 46,XX testicular disorder of sex development; this is supposedly because of non‐allelic homologous recombination between the protein kinase X gene (PRKX) and the inverted protein kinase Y pseudogene (PRKY). Although 46,XXSRY‐positive men are infertile, the literature data indicate that some of these individuals are of short stature (relative to the general population). We sought to determine whether short stature was linked to additional, more complex chromosomal rearrangements.MethodsTwelve laboratories gathered detailed clinical, anthropomorphic, cytogenetic and genetic data (including chromosome microarray data) on patients with 46,XXSRY‐positive male syndrome.ResultsSRYwas present (suggesting a der(X)t(X;Y)) in 34 of the 38 cases (89.5%). When considering only the 20 patients with chromosome microarray data, we identified several chromosomal rearrangements and breakpoints, especially on the X chromosome. In the five cases for whom the X chromosome breakpoint was located in the pseudoautosomal region, there was partial duplication of the derivate X chromosome. In contrast, in the 15 cases for whom the breakpoint was located downstream of the pseudoautosomal region, part of the derivate X chromosome had been deleted (included the arylsulfatase E [ARSE] gene in 11 patients). For patients with versus withoutARSEdeletion, the mean height was, respectively, 167.7 ± 4.5 and 173.1 ± 4.0 cm; this difference was not statistically significant (p= 0.1005).ConclusionAlthough 46,XXSRY‐positive male syndromes were mainly because of imbalanced crossover between the X and Y chromosome during meiosis, the breakpoints differed markedly from one patient to another (especially on the X chromosome); this suggests the presence of a replication‐based mechanism for recombination between non‐homologous sequences. In some patients, the translocation ofSRYto the X chromosome was associated withARSEgene deletion, which might have led to short stature. With a view to explaining this disorder of sex development, whole exome sequencing could be suggested forSRY‐negative patients.
Identification of the optimal medical and surgical management for patients with perianal fistulising Crohn's disease
Authors: Laland Mathilde , François Marie , D'Amico Ferdinando , Zallot Camille , Brochard Charlène , Dewitte Marie , Siproudhis Laurent , Peyrin‐Biroulet Laurent , Bouguen Guillaume 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of our study was to assess the best medical and surgical approaches for perianal Crohn's disease (PCD) in order to identify an optimal combined medical and surgical treatment.MethodsMedical records of all patients with PCD treated with TNFα antagonists in two referral centres between 1998 and 2018 were reviewed. Predictors of long‐term outcomes were identified using a Cox proportional hazard model.ResultsA total of 200 patients were included. Fifty‐three patients (26.5%) were treated with adalimumab and 147 (73.5%) with infliximab. A combination of TNFα antagonist with an immunosuppressant and the presence of proctitis were independently associated with fistula closure. Seton was placed in 127 patients (63.5%) before starting biological therapy. Eighty patients (40%) underwent additional perineal surgery. Prior PCD surgery, seton positioning, additional perineal surgery, and additional surgery within 52 weeks of anti‐TNFα treatment were associated with an increased rate of fistula closure. Finally, medical combination therapy (anti‐TNFα plus immunosuppressant) along with seton placement and additional surgery within 1 year was the best management for PCD patients (p = 0.02).ConclusionCombined medical and surgical management is required for the treatment of PCD patients. Medical combination therapy associated with seton placement and additional surgery within 1 year is the best management for PCD patients.
Inflammatory lobular hemangioma (T‐cell‐rich angiomatoid polypoid pseudolymphoma)—Assessment of FOS/FOSB and lymphoid markers and comparison with epithelioid hemangioma
Authors: Vargas Ana Cristina , Maclean Fiona M. , Tsu Kwan Yee , Ma Leanne , Moir Denis 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundT‐cell‐rich angiomatoid polypoid pseudolymphoma (TRAPP) and inflammatory lobular hemangioma (ILH) encompass a spectrum of cutaneous vascular lesions in which a prominent lymphoplasmacytic component may impart a pattern highly reminiscent of low‐grade cutaneous lymphoma (pseudolymphoma). Epithelioid hemangioma, including its most common variant angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE), is a distinct entity associated with FOS and/or FOSB expression detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). These entities can show significant morphological overlap.MethodsWe performed IHC for FOSB, FOS, and lymphoid markers in a series of TRAPP/ILH and ALHE.ResultsWe identified 13 cases of ILH/TRAPP, which showed a predominance in CD8+ T‐cells (CD8>CD4: 11/13) while FOSB and FOS were expressed in 36% (4/11) and 27% (3/11) of cases, respectively. ALHE (n = 9) showed a predominance in CD4+ T‐cell (67%) with FOSB and FOS co‐expression in 78% (seven of nine) of the cases.ConclusionWe showed, based on FOS and/or FOSB immunohistochemical expression, that there is a possible link between ILH/TRAPP and epithelioid hemangioma/ALHE. The use of FOS and FOSB IHC in the routine diagnostic setting of cutaneous vascular lesions will help to redefine cases of ILH/TRAPP as a subset of these may represent inflammatory variants of epithelioid hemangioma.
Parametric or nonparametric statistical tests: Considerations when choosing the most appropriate option for your data
Authors: Vrbin Colleen M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article serves as the second in a series that offers recommendations for optimal data reporting, specifically focusing on statistical methods most frequently reported by the Cytopathology audience. The inaugural article, Recommendations for reporting statistical results when comparing proportions, dealt with the most common category of reported statistical tests over 2.5 years of Cytopathology articles—comparing proportions. Comparing samples using t tests, Mann–Whitney U, analysis of variance, and Kruskal‐Wallis tests was another common category of statistical test reported among this audience. An important distinction between these tests is based on whether the samples follow a normal distribution. Therefore, Parametric or nonparametric statistical tests: Choosing the most appropriate option for your data is the second topic in the series. While this article will review considerations when selecting parametric or nonparametric statistical tests, an extensive review of each method is beyond the scope of this summary. The author encourages the reader to consult with a trained statistician to map out a thorough analytical plan (including their recommendations for the appropriate statistical test[s] to use) prior to data collection.
Evolution of the therian face through complete loss of the premaxilla
Authors: Higashiyama Hiroki , Koyabu Daisuke , Kurihara Hiroki 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe anatomical framework of the jawbones is highly conserved among most of the Osteichthyes, including the tetrapods. However, our recent study suggested that the premaxilla, the rostralmost upper jaw bone, was rearranged during the evolution of therian mammals, being replaced by the septomaxilla at least in the lateral part. In the present study, to understand more about the process of evolution from the ancestral upper jaw to the therian face, we re‐examined the development of the therian premaxilla (incisive bone). By comparing mouse, bat, goat, and cattle fetuses, we confirmed that the therian premaxilla has dual developmental origins, the lateral body and the palatine process. This dual development is widely conserved among the therian mammals. Cell‐lineage‐tracing experiments usingDlx1‐CreERT2mice revealed that the palatine process arises in the ventral part of the premandibular domain, where the nasopalatine nerve distributes, whereas the lateral body develops from the maxillary prominence in the domain of the maxillary nerve. Through comparative analysis using various tetrapods, we concluded that the palatine process should not be considered part of the ancestral premaxilla. It rather corresponds to the anterior region of the vomerine bone of nonmammalian tetrapods. Thus, the present findings indicate that the true premaxilla was completely lost during the evolution of the therian mammals, resulting in the establishment of the unique therian face as an evolutionary novelty. Reconsideration of the homological framework of the cranial skeleton based on the topographical relationships of the ossification center during embryonic development is warranted.
Largely unaffected auditory and visual sensory processing phenotypes in the evoked potentials of Fmr1 KO2 mice
Authors: Kat Renate , Kas Martien J. H. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSensory sensitivity symptoms are common in autism spectrum disorders and fragile X syndrome. Mainly in the auditory modality, disturbed processing has been found in both fragile X patients and the corresponding genetic mouse model, the Fmr1 knockout mouse. Here, we tried to replicate the auditory deficits and assess whether also visual processing is affected, using electroencephalography readouts under freely behaving conditions in the second‐generation Fmr1 knockout mice. No differences between wild‐type and knockout animals were found in single auditory and visual evoked potentials in response to pure sine tones and full‐field light flashes. Visual sensory gating was enhanced in the early but not the late components of the evoked potentials, but no changes were found in auditory sensory gating. The higher harmonics of the synchronisation response to flickering visual stimuli seemed to be reduced with 10, but not 20 or 40 Hz, stimulation. However, this effect was not reproduced in an independent second cohort of animals. No synchronisation differences were found in response to a chirp stimulus, of which the frequency steadily increased. Taken together, this study could not reproduce earlier reported increased amplitudes in auditory responses, nor could it convincingly show that synchronisation deficits found to be present in the auditory modality also existed in the visual modality. The discrepancies within this study as well as between various studies assessing sensory processing in the Fmr1 KO raise questions about the external validity of these phenotypes and warrant careful interpretation of these phenotypes.
Biodiversity on private land: Lessons from theMid‐MurrayValley in South‐eastern Australia
Authors: Ward Wesley S. , Bond Jennifer , Burge Louise , Conallin John , Finlayson Colin (Max) , Michael Damian , Scoullar Shelley , Vanderzee Michael , Wettenhall Adam 
Published: August 2022

SummaryIn this article, we use an autoethnographic approach to explore relationships between landholders and government agencies and natural resource management projects. We use this exploration to argue for a holistic, collaborative approach to decision making around the implementation of biodiversity conservation on private and public land. This approach aligns with principles underpinning reconciliation ecology, which emphasises the inclusion of grass‐roots communities for promoting biodiversity conservation in human‐dominated landscapes where approaches to the management of natural resources may be contested. We present three projects (Environmental Champions; Fencing Incentive programmes; Plains‐wanderer programme) and other research from the Mid‐Murray Valley region of southern New South Wales to highlight the positive and negative aspects of relationships between landholders and others in natural resource management. We argue that for a more collaborative approach; we need to build relationships based on understanding, trust, respect, ownership and partnerships between rural communities, landholders, education and research institutions and government agencies as recognised in reconciliation ecology.
Differentiation of subclinical and clinical electrographic events in long‐term electroencephalographic recordings
Authors: Castillo Rodriguez Maria de los Angeles , Brandt Armin , Schulze‐Bonhage Andreas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveWith the advent of ultra‐long‐term recordings for monitoring of epilepsies, the interpretation of results of isolated electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings covering only selected brain regions attracts considerable interest. In this context, the question arises of whether detected ictal EEG patterns correspond to clinically manifest seizures or rather to purely electrographic events, that is, subclinical events.MethodsEEG patterns from 268 clinical seizures and 252 subclinical electrographic events from 50 patients undergoing video‐EEG monitoring were analyzed. Features extracted included predominant frequency band, duration, association with rhythmic muscle artifacts, spatial extent, and propagation patterns. Classification using logistic regression was performed based on data from the whole dataset of 10–20 system EEG recordings and from a subset of two temporal electrode contacts.ResultsCorrect separation of clinically manifest and purely electrographic events based on 10–20 system EEG recordings was possible in up to 83.8% of events, depending on the combination of features included. Correct classification based on two‐channel recordings was only slightly inferior, achieving 78.6% accuracy; 74.4% and 74.8%, respectively, of events could be correctly classified when using duration alone with either electrode set, although classification accuracies were lower for some subgroups of seizures, particularly focal aware seizures and epileptic arousals.SignificanceA correct classification of subclinical versus clinical EEG events was possible in 74%–83% of events based on full EEG recordings, and in 74%–78% when considering only a subset of two electrodes, matching the channel number available from new implantable diagnostic devices. This is a promising outcome, suggesting that ultra‐long‐term low‐channel EEG recordings may provide sufficient information for objective seizure diaries. Intraindividual optimization using high numbers of ictal events may further improve separation, provided that supervised learning with external validation is feasible.
Predictive maintenance for offshore oil wells by means of deep learning features extraction
Authors: Gatta Federico , Giampaolo Fabio , Chiaro Diletta , Piccialli Francesco 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNowadays, the great diffusion of the Internet of Things and the improvements in Artificial Intelligence techniques have given a rise in the development and application of data‐driven approaches for Predictive Maintenance to reduce the costs linked to the maintenance of industrial machinery. Due to the wide real‐life applications and the strong interest by even more industries, this field is highly attractive for academics and practitioners. So, constructing efficient frameworks to address the Predictive Maintenance problem is an open debate. In this work, we propose a Deep Learning approach for the feature extraction in the offshore oil wells monitoring context, exploiting the public 3 W dataset, which is well‐known in the literature. The dataset is made up of about 2000 multivariate time series labelled according to the corresponding functioning of the well. So, there is a classification task with eight classes, each related to a particular machinery condition. Thanks to the peculiarities of the labels, the proposed framework is valid both for diagnostics and prognostics. In more detail, we compare two different approaches in feature extraction. The first is a statistical approach, widely used in the literature related to the considered dataset; the second is based on Convolutional 1D AutoEncoder. The extracted features are then used as input for several Machine Learning algorithms, namely the Random Forest, Nearest Neighbours, Gaussian Naive Bayes and Quadratic Discriminant Analysis. Different experiments on various time horizons prove the worthiness of the Convolutional AutoEncoder.
WHO DO WE SEE IN THE PROTAGONIST OF THE CAPTAIN (2017)?
Authors: Gortat Jakub 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTThe Captain (Der Hauptmann), directed by Robert Schwentke, was the German director's first film with a German crew and in his native language since 2003. It was screened in German cinemas in March 2018 and met with a mixed response from the press. In this article I analyse the film, with the main emphasis being on the question of identification with the film and its protagonist. I employ a number of concepts from psychoanalytic film theory to argue that The Captain has the potential to compel its audience to ask questions about human nature, for example, whether war is the only prerequisite for an individual to transform from an ‘ordinary’ person into a villain. Another question is how the audience might react to the presence of motifs which are symbolic representations of Holocaust victims. The use of such images underlines the ruthlessness of the main character of the film and strengthens the contrast between his physical appearance and his hideous crimes.
Diagnosis of hepatic steatosis based on ultrasound attenuation imaging is not influenced by liver fibrosis
Authors: Yuri Minako , Nishimura Takashi , Tada Toshifumi , Yoshida Masahiro , Fujiwara Aoi , Kawata Shoki , Yoshihara Kohei , Yoshioka Ryota , Ota Shogo , Nakano Ryota , Yuri Yukihisa , Takashima Tomoyuki , Aizawa Nobuhiro , Ikeda Naoto , Shiomi Hideyuki , Ide Yoshi‐Hiro , Enomoto Hirayuki , Yasuhiro Fujimoto , Yano Hirohisa , Iijima Hiroko 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimRecently, a new technique using attenuation imaging (ATI) was developed to diagnose hepatic steatosis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether ATI for the evaluation of hepatic steatosis is influenced by liver fibrosis.MethodsA total of 328 patients with chronic liver disease were enrolled to study the associations between histological hepatic steatosis or liver fibrosis and ATI findings. The interaction between liver fibrosis and ATI was also analyzed.ResultsMedian ATI values according to steatosis grade and fibrosis stage increased in line with the progression of liver steatosis (p < 0.001) and fibrosis (p < 0.05). However, in each steatosis grade, ATI values according to fibrosis stage were not significantly increased. In multiple regression analyses for assessment of the effect of their interaction, the p values for fibrosis stage, steatosis grade, and fibrosis stage × steatosis grade were 0.096, <0.001, and 0.077, respectively. Variance inflation factor values for fibrosis stage, steatosis grade, and fibrosis stage × steatosis grade were 1.079, 1.094, and 1.074, respectively.ConclusionAttenuation imaging values are not influenced by liver fibrosis.