bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy transfer driven brightening of MoS2 neutral exciton by ultrafast polariton relaxation in microcavity MoS2/hBN/WS2 heterostructures
Authors: Hu Zehua , Dini Kevin , Fieramosca Antonio , Krisnanda Tanjung , Zhao Jiaxin , Su Rui , Wang Junyong , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Eda Goki , Wang Xiao , Liew Timothy , Xiong Qihua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Energy transfer is a ubiquitous phenomenon that delivers energy from a blue-shifted emitter to a red-shifted absorber, which has enabled plentiful photonic applications of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), lasers, solar cells, and display devices1–5. The fast-emerging two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors offer unique opportunities for exploring new energy transfer mechanisms in the atomic-scale limit enabled by confined geometry and van der Waals architectures, which transcend the conventional Förster and Dexter types. Herein, we have successfully designed and constructed a planar optical microcavity-confined MoS2/hBN/WS2 heterojunction, which realizes the strong coupling among donor exciton, acceptor exciton, and cavity photon mode for the first time. Such a configuration demonstrates the unconventional energy transfer via ultrafast polariton relaxation, leading to the brightening of MoS2 neutral exciton with a record-high enhancement factor of ~ 440, i.e., two-order-of-magnitude higher than the data reported to date. A short characteristic time of ~ 1.3 ps is extracted by setting up a high-resolution k-space transient-reflectivity spectroscopy. This ultrafast polariton relaxation is attributed to the significantly enhanced intra- and inter-branch exciton-exciton scattering to overcome the hot phonon bottleneck effect, as revealed by theoretical calculation with coupled rate equations. Our study not only opens a new direction of microcavity 2D semiconductor heterojunctions for high-brightness ultrafast polaritonic light sources, but also provides a new paradigm to study the ultrafast polariton carrier dynamics.
SOST gene suppression stimulates osteocyte Wnt/β-catenin signaling to prevent bone resorption and attenuates particle-induced osteolysis
Authors: Jiao Zixue , Chai Hao , Wang Shendong , Sun Chunguang , Huang Qun , Xu Wei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background The most common cause for prosthetic revision surgery is wear particle-induced periprosthetic osteolysis, which leads to aseptic loosening of the prosthesis. Both SOST gene and its synthetic protein, sclerostin, are hallmarks of osteocytes. According to our previous findings, blocking SOST induces bone formation and protects against bone loss and deformation caused by titanium (Ti) particles by activating the Wnt/β-catenin cascade. Although SOST has been shown to influence osteoblasts, its ability to control wear-particle-induced osteolysis via targeting osteoclasts remains unclear. Methods Mice were subjected to development of a cranial osteolysis model. Micro CT, HE staining and TRAP staining were performed to evaluate bone loss in the mouse model. Bone marrow-derived monocyte-macrophages (BMMs) made from the C57BL/6 mice were exposed to the medium of MLO-Y4(co-cultured with Ti particles) to transform them into osteoclasts. Bioinformatics methods were used to predict and validate the interaction among SOST, Wnt/β-catenin, RANKL/OPG, TNF-α, and IL-6. Results Local bone density and bone volume improved after SOST inhibition, both the number of lysis pores and the rate of skull erosion decreased. Histological research showed that β-catenin and OPG expression were markedly increased after SOST inhibition, whereas TRAP and RANKL levels were markedly decreased. In-vitro, Ti particle treatment elevated the expression of sclerostin, suppressed the expression of β-catenin, and increased the RANKL/OPG ratio in the MLO-Y4 cell line. TNF-α and IL-6 also elevated after treatment with Ti particles. The expression levels of NFAT-1, CTSK, and TRAP in osteoclasts were significantly increased, and the number of positive cells for TRAP staining was increased. Additionally, the volume of bone resorption increased at the same time. In contrast, when SOST expression was inhibited in the MLO-Y4 cell line, these effects produced by Ti particles were reversed. Conclusion All the results strongly show that SOST inhibition triggered the osteocyte Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade and prevented wear particle-induced osteoclastogenesis, which might reduce periprosthetic osteolysis.
Retinal microvasculature damage associated with orthostatic hypotension in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Youn Jinyoung , Ahn Jong Hyeon , Kang Min Chae , Lee Dongyoung , Cho Jin Whan , Park Kyung-Ah 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a common non-motor symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD). OH can cause cerebral and retinal hypoperfusion and is associated with microvascular damage in PD. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a non-invasive technology that can be used to visualise the retinal microvasculature and detect the microvascular damage in PD. In the present study, 51 PD patients (OH+, n = 19; OH−, n = 32) and 40 healthy controls were evaluated. The Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) III, Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) scale, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD) and vascular risk factors including hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidaemia, were investigated. The PD patients underwent a head-up tilt (HUT) test. The PD patients had a lower superficial retinal capillary plexus (SRCP) and deep retinal capillary plexus (DRCP) vessel densities in the central region than controls. The PDOH + group had lower vessel density in the SRCP central region compared with the control group, and lower vessel density in the DRCP central region than the PDOH − and control groups. The changes in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) during the HUT test in PD patients showed a negative correlation with the vessel density in the DRCP central region. The results showed the presence of OH was a critical factor associated with the microvasculature damage in PD. The findings indicate that OCTA can be a useful and non-invasive tool for detecting microvasculature damage in PD patients.
Wide Tuning of Magnetic Exchange Coupling in Nanographenes through Orbital-Symmetry Engineering
Authors: Du Qingyang , Su Xuelei , Liu Yufeng , Jiang Yashi , Li Can , Yan KaKing , Ortiz Ricardo , Frederiksen Thomas , Wang Shiyong , Yu Ping 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Open-shell nanographenes appear as promising candidates for future applications in spintronics and quantum technologies. How to engineer and obtain large magnetic exchange coupling in nanographenes is crucial for realizing their applications at room temperature. Here, we reveal a mechanism of engineering magnetic exchange coupling in nanographenes through tailoring their frontier orbital symmetries, investigated by combining scanning probe microscope measurements and different levels of theoretical calculations. In nanographenes of phenalenyl spin dimers, their exchange interaction can be widely tuned from 20 meV to 160 meV. Theoretical calculations reveal that frontier orbital symmetries play a key role in engineering magnetic exchange coupling on such a large scale. Moreover, a spin trimer is demonstrated for investigating the magnetic interaction among three spins with unequal magnetic exchange coupling, in agreement with Heisenberg spin chain model calculations. Our results provide insights into both theoretical design and experimental realization of nanographene materials with widely tunable exchange interactions, potentially useful for realizing magnetically operable graphene nanomaterials.
Toxic potential evaluation of liquids effluents discharged into nature by the university hospitals centers (UHC) and mixed wastewater treatment station (WWTS) at Ouagadougou-Burkina Faso
Authors: Ouédraogo Gamamé Abasse , Djopnang Djimbie Justin , Zongo Omarou , Badé Farid Toyigbenan , Ouédraogo Arouna , Kaboré Boukaré , Cissé Hama , Traoré Yves , Bassolé Ismael Henri Nestor , François Tchoumbougnang , Savadogo Aly 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Introduction: In Burkina Faso, several investigations have raised suspicions that hospital liquid effluents are the source of contaminants in porbeagle-culture products and surface water in urban and peri-urban areas. This study aimed to evaluate the Hygienic quality of hospital liquid effluents discharged into nature by the UHC Bogodogo (UHC-BOG), Yalgado Ouédraogo (UHC-YO) and the WWTS of Kossodo (WWTS-KOS).
Methodology: 15 samples of liquid effluents (five per site) discharged into nature were collected. Within the physicochemical parameters, the COD, BOD5, TSS, conductivity, copper, iron, hafnium, silver, mercury, lead and cadmium of these samples were determined using standards methods.
Results: The mean values of conductivity were 1956.80±81.30, 812.80 ±45.22 and 956.00 ±39.96 μS/cm for WWTS-KOS, UHC-BOG and UHC-YO respectively. TSS were 338.20± 38.80, 45.00 ±5.79 and 187.80 ±27.58 mg/L respectively. COD were 274.80 ± 20.46, 35.00 ±5.52 and 139.80 ±25.53 mg/L respectively. BOD5 were 186.40 ±68.68, 26.20 ±4.82 and 81.80 ±15.63 mg/L respectively. Mercury were 1.93±0.38, 4.04±0.38 and 14.37±1.65 µg/L respectively. Lead were 434.70±202.42, 310.50±4.09 and 367.43±94.01 µg/L respectively. Cadmium 79.59±19.48, 109.94±8.43 and 80.26±7.85 µg/L respectively. Copper were 27.66±3.33, 30.84±1.65 and 28.32±2.36 mg/L respectively. Iron was detected only on the STEP-KOS with an average of 71.01±37.83 mg/L. Hafnium were 50.27±4.49 and 51.58±4.61 mg/L for WWTS-KOS and UHC-BOG respectively. Silver were 34.26±3.06 for WWTS-KOS.
Conclusion: Liquid hospital effluents from Ouagadougou discharged into nature on the whole do not respect the Burkinabè normative values for the discharge of wastewater into the environment. On the three sites, the differences found where significant (p<0.05)
Durum Wheat Heat Tolerance Loci Defined via a North-South Gradient
Authors: Sall Amadou Tidiane , Kabbaj Hafssa , Menoum Sidi ould Ely , Cisse Madiama , Geleta Mulatu , Ortiz Rodomiro Octavio , Bassi Filippo M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The global production of durum wheat (Triticum durumDesf.) is hindered by a constant rise in the frequency of severe heat stress. Three different germplasm panels were investigated under a range of heat stress to identify tolerant germplasm. The ‘discovery panel’ was field tested in the south of Morocco and along the Senegal River implementing a mild-to-strong North-South heat stress gradient. A subset of this same panel was also exposed to simulated terminal heat stress by applying plastic tunnels at the time of flowering. The ‘investigation panel’ and a ‘validation panel’ were field tested along the Senegal River under >32°C temperature throughout the season. Grain yield and its components were recorded at each site and a heat stress susceptibility index (HSI) was calculated. A total of 7,652 polymorphic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) defined the diversity of the first panel, while 5,642 SNPs defined the ‘investigation panel’. Genome-wide association study revealed that 36 quantitative trat loci were associated with the target traits in the ‘discovery’ panel, of which five were confirmed in the ‘subset’ tested with plastic tunnels and in the ‘investigation panel’. A haplotype study confirmed that Q.icd.Heat.003-1A, Q.icd.Heat.007-1B and Q.icd.Heat.016-3B are additive in nature and carrying the positive alleles at all three loci resulted in a 17% higher grain yield under heat stress. The underlying SNPs were converted into Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) markers and tested on the ‘validation’ panel, confirming that each explained 4 to 9% of the phenotypic variation for grain yield under heat stress.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on severe community-acquired pneumonia in Reunion Island: A multicenter retrospective observational study, 2016-2021
Authors: Combe Agathe , Kovacs David , de Mangou Axel , Miltgen Guillaume , Traversier Nicolas , Belmonte Olivier , Simon Olivier , Vidal Charles , Coolen-Allou Nathalie , Allyn Jérôme , Allou Nicolas 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a considerable impact on the incidence of severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the early impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on severe CAP in the Reunion Island.
Material and methods
This multicenter retrospective observational study was conducted from 2016 to 2021 in the hospitals of Reunion Island. The incidence of severe CAP, microorganisms, the characteristics and outcomes of patients hospitalized in intensive care unit were compared between the pre-COVID-19 period (January 1, 2016 to February 29, 2020) and the early COVID-19 period (March 1, 2020 to October 31, 2021).
Results
Over the study period, 389 patients developed severe CAP. The incidence of severe CAP significantly decreased between the two periods (9.16 vs. 4.13 cases per 100,000 person-years). The influenza virus was isolated in 43.5% patients with severe CAP in the pre-COVID-19 period and in none of the 60 patients in the early COVID-19 period (P < 0.0001). The only virus that did not decrease was the rhinovirus. Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most frequently isolated bacterial microorganism, with no significant difference between the two periods.
Conclusion
In Reunion Island, the COVID-19 pandemic led to a significant decrease in the incidence of influenza, which likely explains the observed decrease in the incidence of severe CAP. The pandemic had no impact on the incidence of bacterial severe CAP. The incidence of influenza needs to be closely monitored now that control measures against COVID-19 have been removed.
Identification and fungicides sensitivity evaluation of the causal agent of cobweb disease on Lyophyllum decastes in China
Authors: Peng Keqin , Lin Meiling , Yuan Xiaoxiao , Li Changtian , Zeng Xiangyu , Li Yu , Tian Fenghua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background: Cobweb disease is a fungal disease that often occurs in the cultivation and production of edible fungi, which can harm a variety of cultivated edible fungi and cause serious losses. Cobweb disease is considered to be one of the four most serious fungal diseases in edible fungi. Symptoms suspected of cobweb disease were found during the cultivation of Lyophyllum decastes mushrooms. The objective of our study was to identify the cobweb pathogen and screen out the effective fungicides, so as to provide a reference for the comprehensive prevention and control of velvet mushroom cobweb disease.
Results: The causal agent for this cobweb disease was isolated from symptomatic samples and was found to be Cladobotryum mycophilum based on morphological characteristics, phylogeny (ITS, RPB1, RPB2 and TEF1-α) and the cultural characteristics of two isolates on PDA and MEA medium. Results of pathogenicity tests also supported the conclusion that C. mycophilum is the pathogen responsible for this condition. The antibacterial effect of Prochloraz-manganese chloride complex, Trifloxystrobin and tebuconazole, and Difenoconazole among the tested fungicides is remarkable, with EC50 being 0.076 μg/mL, 0.173 μg/mL and 0.364 μg/mL respectively. These fungicides have good control effect, low toxicity, and have good application potential on L. decastes.
Conclusion: First report of cladobotryum mycophilum causing cobweb disease of Lyophyllum decastes in China.
Cloud Migration: Prospects and Impediments With Special Reference to India
Authors: Ahmad Magray Ajaz , -Nisa Khair-Ul , Andrabi Syed Javaid Ahmad 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
With regard to the scientific world of today, cloud computing is the most important repository for resource e parking and offers services to active users in the form of infrastructure, software, and platforms. Resources are online and accessible to anyone with an internet connection in a cloud computing environment. Since cloud computing makes resources easily accessible online, it is a growing sector of the ICT business. As a result, enterprises are quickly adopting this more recent technology, or cloud computing. The transition of a business from on-premises to a cloud computing environment includes benefits and challenges. The potential and barriers to different firms' adoption of cloud computing will be examined in this study report.
Southern Europe is becoming favourable for African birds: anticipating the establishment of a new species
Authors: López-Ramírez Sandro , Chamorro Darío , Real Raimundo , Muñoz Antonio-Román 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground:The current modification of species distribution ranges, as a response to a warmer climate, constitutes an interesting line of work and a recent challenge for biogeography. This study aimed to determine if the climatic conditions of southern Europe are adequate to host a typical African species, the House Bunting, which is registered regularly during the last years, still in low numbers. To this end, the distribution of the species in its native range was modelled, both in the present and in future climate scenarios, using its current breeding distribution areas and a set of environmental variables.Results:The results showed that the southern half of the Iberian Peninsula exhibits high values of favourability to host this African species for the current climatic conditions. Furthermore, future forecasts indicated an increase in favourability for this area. The favourable areas we detected in the south of the Iberian Peninsula are already regularly receiving individuals of the species. These observations are very likely vagrant birds dispersing from recently colonised breeding areas in northern Morocco, which may indicate a continuous process of colonisation towards the north, as has occurred during the last decades in Northern Africa.Conclusions:We cannot anticipate when the House Bunting will establish on the European continent because colonisation processes are usually slow but, according to our results, we predict its establishment in the near future. We have also identified those areas hosting favourable conditions for the species in Europe. These areas are a potential focal point for the colonisation of this and other African birds if the climate continues to warm.
Autologous semitendinosus meniscus graft restores the native knee joint kinematics and the tibiofemoral contact
Authors: Seitz Andreas Martin , Leiprecht Janina , Schwer Jonas , Ignatius Anita , Reichel Heiko , Kappe Thomas 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Meniscectomy may lead to osteoarthritis. Autologous meniscus substitutes such as fat pads, perichondral tissue, facia-covered meniscus fragments and various tendons have been previously investigated for meniscal replacement in animal models. Recently, a clinical pilot study indicated promising outcomes by utilising a doubled semitendinosus tendon autograft. However, to date, no biomechanical data is available regarding this promising treatment alternative. Therefore, the aim of this in-vitro study on human knee joints was to investigate the potential of two autologous tendon meniscus replacements to restore the knee joint kinematics and tibiofemoral contact after total lateral meniscectomy (LMM).
Methods
The tibiofemoral loads and knee joint kinematics of fourteen left human cadaveric knee joints were investigated using an established knee joint simulator. Testing conditions included the intact, native state, total LMM and replacement using a single-bundle gracilis tendon (GT) and a doubled semitendinosus (ST) meniscus autograft. The joints were axially loaded with 200 N and exposed to no externally applied moments, external rotation, valgus stress and a combination of external rotation and valgus stress during three flexion-extension cycles (0° – 120°). Non-parametric statistical analyses were performed on joint kinematics, the tibiofemoral mean (CPmean) and peak (CPpeak) contact pressures and the contact area (CA).
Results
LMM led to significant rotational instability of the knee joint (p < 0.02). While the GT autograft procedure failed to restore joint kinematics, the ST autograft did restore the knee joint kinematics, except for knee joint flexions > 60°. The varus-valgus knee alignment was unaltered by any of the interventions. As expected, LMM significantly increased the CPmean and CPpeak (p < 0.03), while decreasing the CA (p < 0.05). The CPpeak was restored by ST autograft application, while the GT replacement displayed only a trend towards contact mechanics improvement compared to LMM.
Conclusion
The ST autograft displayed promising results in the initial restoration of the basic biomechanical knee joint function after total LMM. Future studies are required to optimise the tendon autograft procedure for total meniscus replacement and also in-vivo or clinical studies to better understand the remodelling process.
Optimization of Neural-Network Models Using a Meta-Heuristic Algorithm for the Estimation of Dynamic Poisson’s Ratio of Selected Rock Types
Authors: Waqas Umer , Ahmed Muhammad Farooq , Rashid Hafiz Muhammad Awais , Al-Atroush Mohamed Ezzat 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This research investigates the dynamic behavior of rocks subjected to excitation frequencies at ambient condition. The dynamic response of rocks was evaluated in terms of quality factor (Q), resonance frequency (FR), acoustic impedance (Z), oscillation decay factor (α), and dynamic Poisson’s ratio (v). These parameters were measured in both longitudinal and torsion modes. Their ratios were taken to reduce data variability and make them dimensionless for analysis. Results showed that with the increase in excitation frequencies, the stiffness of the rocks got increased because of plastic deformation of pre-existing cracks and then started to decrease due to the development of new microcracks. After the evaluation of the behavior of the rocks, the v was estimated by the prediction modeling. Overall, 15 models were developed by using the backpropagation neural network algorithms including feed-forward, cascade-forward, and Elman. Among all models, the feed-forward model with 40 neurons was considered as best one due to its comparatively good performance in the learning and validation phases. The values of its Pearson correlation coefficient (R = 0.885) and coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.797) were estimated higher than the rest of the models. To further improve its quality, the model was optimized using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The optimizer ameliorated its R and R2 values from 0.885 to 0.980 and 0.797 to 0.954 respectively. The outcomes of this study exhibit the effective utilization of a meta-heuristic algorithm to improve model quality that can be used as a reference to solve several problems regarding data modeling, pattern recognition, data classification, etc.
­­Building a Second-Opinion Tool for Classical Polygraph
Authors: Asonov Dmitri , Krylov Maksim , Omelyusik Vladimir , Ryabikina Anastasiya , Litvinov Evgeny , Mitrofanov Maksim , Mikhailov Maksim , Efimov Albert 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Classical polygraph screenings are routinely used by critical businesses such as banking, law enforcement agencies, and federal governments. A major concern of scientific communities is that screenings are prone to errors. However, screening errors are not only due to the method, but also due to human (polygraph examiner) error. Here we show application of machine learning (ML) to detect examiner errors. From an ML perspective, we trained an error detection model in the absence of labeled errors. From a practical perspective, we devised and tested successfully a second-opinion tool to find human errors in examiners’ conclusions, thus reducing subjectivity of polygraph screenings. We report novel features that uplift the model’s accuracy, and experimental results on whether people lie differently on different topics. We anticipate our results to be a step towards rethinking classical polygraph practices.