bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the Proteins Secreted by Equine Muscle-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Exposed to Cartilage Explants in Osteoarthritis Model
Authors: Dechêne Lola , Colin Margaux , Demazy Catherine , Fransolet Maude , Niesten Ariane , Arnould Thierry , Serteyn Didier , Dieu Marc , Renard Patricia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundOsteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent joint degenerative disease for which therapeutic treatments are limited or invasive. Cell therapy based on mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) is therefore seen as a promising approach for this disease, in both human and horses. As the regenerative potential of MSCs is mainly conferred by paracrine function, the goal of this study was to characterize the secreted proteins of muscle-derived MSCs (mdMSCs) in an in vitro model of OA to evaluate the putative clinical interest of mdMSCs as cell therapy for joint diseases like osteoarthritis.MethodsAn equine osteoarthritis model composed of cartilage explants exposed to pro-inflammatory cytokines was first developed. Then, the effects of mdMSC co-culture on cartilage explant were studied by measuring the glycosaminoglycan release and the NO2−production. To identify the underlying molecular actors, stable isotope-labeling by amino acids in cell culture based secreted protein analyses were conducted, in the presence of serum. The relative abundance of highly sequenced proteins was finally confirmed by western blot.ResultsCo-culture with muscle-derived MSCs decreases the cytokine-induced glycosaminoglycan release by cartilage explants, suggesting a protecting effect of mdMSCs. Among the 52 equine proteins sequenced in the co-culture conditioned medium, the abundance of decorin and matrix metalloproteinase 3 was significantly modified, as confirmed by western blot analyses.ConclusionsThese results suggest that muscle-derived MSCs could reduce the catabolic effect of TNFα and IL-1β on cartilage explant by decreasing the secretion and activity of matrix metalloproteinase 3 and increasing the decorin secretion.Graphical abstractmdMSCs capacity to reduce the catabolic consequences of cartilage exposure to pro-inflammatory cytokines. These effects can be explained by mdMSC-secreted bioactive such as TIMP-1 and decorin, known as an inhibitor of MMP3 and an anti-inflammatory protein, respectively.
Post-pituitary surgery copeptin analysis as a ‘rule-out’ test for post-operative diabetes insipidus
Authors: Rostom Hussam , Noronha Sean , Jafar-Mohammadi Bahram , May Christine , Borg Anouk , Halliday Jane , Cudlip Simon , James Tim , Guha Nishan , Shine Brian , Pal Aparna 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a recognised complication of pituitary surgery, with diagnosis requiring clinical observation aided by plasma and urine electrolytes and osmolalities. Copeptin is a stable surrogate marker of AVP release and has potential to facilitate prompt diagnosis of post-operative DI. This assay has been shown to accurately predict which patients are likely to develop DI following pituitary surgery.

Objective
To determine whether copeptin analysis can be used to predict which patients are at risk of developing DI following trans-sphenoidal surgery (TSS).

Methods
Seventy-eight patients undergoing TSS had samples taken for copeptin pre-operatively and at day 1 post-TSS. The majority of patients also had samples from day 2, day 8, and week 6 post-TSS. Results from patients who developed post-operative DI (based on clinical assessment, urine and plasma biochemistry and the need for treatment with DDAVP) were compared to those who did not. Patients with any evidence of pre-operative DI were excluded.

Results
Of 78 patients assessed, 11 were clinically determined to have developed DI. Differences were observed between patients with DI and those without in post-operative samples. Of note, there was a significant difference in plasma copeptin at day 1 post-operation (p = 0.010 on Kruskal–Wallis test), with copeptin levels greater than 3.4 pmol/l helping to rule out DI (91% sensitivity, 55% specificity at this cut off).

Conclusion
In the post-TSS setting, copeptin is a useful rule-out test in patients with values above a defined threshold, which may facilitate earlier decision making and shorter hospital stays.
Energy Efficiency First in the power sector: incentivising consumers and network companies
Authors: Pató Zsuzsanna , Mandel Tim 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEnergy Efficiency First (EE1st) is an important concept that, if implemented, will minimise the cost of the energy transition by exploiting the end-use energy efficiency and demand response potential of end users. The power sector is particularly relevant for the application of the EE1st principle as it needs to be decarbonised early, demand is to grow due to the electrification, and due to the increasing value on demand flexibility to maintain system balance. In this paper we show that consumers need to be considered as multiple resources for the power system and examine key regulatory tools to mobilise consumers to offer their flexibility and DSOs to use this flexibility to reduce the need for network asset investment. The pricing of energy and network is key in delivering demand-side flexibility. At the same time DSOs need to consider them in their network planning by law, and regulators are encouraged to incentivise them to integrate the consumers in network operation innovatively. The European regulation provides an appropriate framework for the implementation of the principle in the power sector. It is now the tasks of national regulators to implement them effectively.
Psychometric properties of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale for Students (UWES-S) in the Taiwanese context
Authors: Chi Li-Chiu , Tang Tseng-Chung , Tang Eugene 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAcademic engagement in recent years has become the focus of determining student learning and achievement. However,despite this growing awareness that has revolutionized academic policies and educational approaches, literature on engagement in the academic context is still in its infancy. This study seeks to remedy this through the confirmation of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale for Students’ (UWES-S) promising psychometric properties and by providing empirical evidence on the relationship between academic engagement, personality traits, and social media addiction, a determinant that has yet to be explored. Our findings indicate that of the five personality traits analyzed, agreeableness had the strongest negative correlation with academic engagement, and perhaps equally as striking is the positive, albeit insignificant, association between social media and academic engagement. Furthermore, the most informative and least informative items for academic engagement were identified using IRT analysis. Finally, this study also addresses several gaps in the literature by determining that the one-factor construct of the UWES-S is an adequate measure of academic engagement compared to its three-factor counterpart and by demonstrating the measurement invariance of the UWES-S across gender, class year, and academic major in our sample of Taiwanese undergraduates.
Simultaneous Winslow and Petersen’s Hernias after a Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Causing Bowel Obstruction: Laparoscopic Management and Review of the Literature
Authors: Litchinko A. , Kohler R. , Jung M. K. , Toso C. , Moenig S. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Internal hernias after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass are one of the most common complications in bariatric surgery leading to hospital readmissions with or without surgery. Due to the insidious and non-specific clinical presentation combined with difficult radiological identification, internal hernias remain a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Delay in diagnosis and treatment can lead to severe morbidity and mortality. We report the case of a patient presenting an unusual intestinal obstruction due to two simultaneous and distinct internals hernias affecting the Petersen’s defect and the foramen of Winslow 4 years after a laparoscopic gastric bypass. A 41-year-old female patient with a history of robotic laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass presented with proximal small bowel obstruction symptoms and epigastric pain. Computed tomography showed two simultaneous internal hernias, one affecting the Petersen’s defect and the other affecting the foramen of Winslow with an incarcerated transverse colon. We performed an explorative laparoscopy to reduce both hernias and, after an assessment of bowel viability by indocyanine green angiography, we closed both defects with interrupted non-absorbable sutures to prevent recurrence. The follow-up of more than 1 year has been uneventful. In the cases of obstruction and hospital admission after gastric bypass, we suggest that patients undergo a computed tomography directly after the initial examination. Internal hernia diagnosis is often delicate and requires surgical exploration since bowel strangulation can lead to dramatic outcomes. The operation can be safely done laparoscopically, and all internal hernia defects should be repaired with non-absorbable sutures.
Dispositional Mindfulness and Self-Compassion Buffer the Effects of COVID-19 Stress on Depression and Anxiety Symptoms
Authors: Beshai Shadi , Salimuddin Saba , Refaie Nabhan , Maierhoffer Jenna 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with a dramatic rise in symptoms of depression and anxiety. Dispositional mindfulness (DM) and self-compassion (SC) have consistently been associated with psychological disorder symptoms and appear to buffer the effects of stress on depression and anxiety.

Methods
Across two studies (n = 888), we examined direct and indirect (moderation) relationships of DM, SC, COVID-19-related stress, and symptoms of depression and anxiety. We also examined the differential effects of several DM measures (FFMQ-15; FFMQ-39; MAAS) in the relationships of COVID-19 stress and psychological disorder symptoms. We recruited participants (Study 1 n = 350; 42.2% cis women; Study 2 n = 538; 44.3% cis women) online (MTurk) and examined associations of DM, SC, and COVID-19 stress, and emotional impact, and the moderating effect of DM and SC in the relationships of COVID-19-related fears, stress, emotional impacts, and psychological disorder symptoms.

Results
DM and SC were moderately and negatively correlated with COVID-19 fears and stress (correlations ranging r =  − .14 to r =  − .42) across studies. Study 1 moderation analyses demonstrated SC, but not DM (FFMQ-15), significantly moderated relationships of COVID-19 fears and emotional impacts with symptoms. Study 2 analyses demonstrated the FFMQ-39, but not the MAAS, significantly moderated relationships of COVID-19 stress and psychological disorder symptoms.

Conclusions
These results support the potential protective roles of DM and SC in disrupting pathological trajectories related to naturally elevated pandemic stress. Results also demonstrate the differential associations of several DM measures with COVID-19 stress. Future research should replicate such findings with more diverse samples and using various measures of self-compassion and risk metrics.
Lenacapavir: First Approval
Authors: Paik Julia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLenacapavir (Sunlenca®) is a long-acting capsid inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) being developed by Gilead Sciences Inc. It is available as an oral tablet and injectable solution, with the latter being a slow-release formulation to allow bi-annual subcutaneous administration. In August 2022, lenacapavir received its first approval in the EU for use in combination with other antiretroviral(s) in adults with multi-drug resistant HIV infection, for whom it is otherwise not possible to construct a suppressive anti-viral regimen. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of lenacapavir leading to this first approval for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.
A proof-of-concept study for the use of a computerised avatar to embody the eating disorder voice in anorexia nervosa
Authors: Cardi Valentina , Ward Thomas , Aya Viviana , Calissano Chiara , Thompson Alistair , Treasure Janet 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study assessed (1) the experience of the eating disorder voice in people with anorexia nervosa or in remission, and (2) the feasibility of creating and interacting with a computerised representation (i.e., avatar) of this voice.

Methods
Twenty-one individuals with anorexia nervosa and 18 individuals who were in remission participated in the study. They reported on the characteristics of their eating disorder voice and created a personalised avatar (a visual and auditory representation of the eating disorder voice), using a computerised software. Participants assessed closeness of match between the voice and the avatar, perceived distress and acceptability of re-exposure to the avatar.

Results
Patients felt less powerful than their eating disorder voice and unable to disregard the voice's commands. The experience of the voice was associated with negative, as well as some positive emotions, reflecting the prototypical ambivalence towards the illness. Individuals in remission had an opposite pattern of responses. They attributed only negative emotions to the voice, felt more powerful than the voice, and able to disregard its commands. Overall participants reported that there was a good match between the voice and the sound of the avatar. Patients expressed willingness to repeat exposure to the avatar.

Conclusion
Individuals with anorexia can create personalised digital avatars representing the eating disorder voice and are willing to engage therapeutically with the avatar. The next step is to test the feasibility of repeated exposure to the avatar to address the power and distress associated with the eating disorder voice.

Level of evidence
Level III.
Cable Robotic 3D-printing: additive manufacturing on the construction site
Authors: Hahlbrock David , Braun Michael , Heidel Robin , Lemmen Patrik , Boumann Roland , Bruckmann Tobias , Schramm Dieter , Helm Volker , Willmann Jan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper outlines an important step in characterizing a novel field of robotic construction research where a cable-driven parallel robot is used to extrude cementitious material in three-dimensional space, and thus offering a comprehensive new approach to computational design and construction, and to robotic fabrication at larger scales. Developed by the Faculty of Art and Design at Bauhaus-University Weimar (Germany), the faculty of Architecture at the University of Applied Sciences Dortmund (Germany) and the Chair of Mechatronics at the University of Duisburg-Essen (Germany), this approach offers unique advantages over existing additive manufacturing methods: the system is easily transportable and scalable, it does not require additional formwork or scaffolding, and it offers digital integration and informational oversight across the entire design and building process. This paper considers 1) key research components of cable robotic 3D-printing (such as computational design, material exploration, and robotic control), and 2) the integration of these parameters into a unified design and building process. The demonstration of the approach at full-scale is of particular concern.
Adsorption characteristics of nitrate ion by sodium carbonate activated PAN-based activated carbon fiber
Authors: Sato Natsuho , Amano Yoshimasa , Machida Motoi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this study, polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon fiber with high nitrogen content was activated at 800 °C with sodium carbonate and heat-treated at 950 °C to prepare activated carbon fiber (ACF), and the results of nitrate ion adsorption on the prepared ACF are presented. CHN elemental analysis, XPS measurement, and Boehm titration were used to determine the nitrogen content and surface functional groups of ACF. It is discussed that the total amount of nitrogen decreases, whereas quaternary nitrogen (N-Q) increases upon heat treatment. The decrease in adsorption capacity of the prepared activated carbon under different storage conditions is shown. It is observed that the adsorption capacity of nitrate ion at equilibrium pH (pHe) 5 is halved after 5 weeks, and the decrease in adsorption capacity at pHe 3 is suppressed. The adsorption isotherms of the prepared ACF are shown using the Langmuir equation. The effect of pH on the adsorption capacity of the prepared ACF is compared with that of ACF before heat treatment and zinc chloride-activated powdered activated carbon. The adsorption capacity of ACF without heat treatment at 950 °C decreases as the pHe of the solution increases, and the pH of the nitrate solution including ACF after heat treatment is stable at pHe 4–5.
Robots in Healthcare: a Scoping Review
Authors: Morgan Ahmed Ashraf , Abdi Jordan , Syed Mohammed A. Q. , Kohen Ghita El , Barlow Phillip , Vizcaychipi Marcela P. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Purpose of Review
Robots are increasingly being adopted in healthcare to carry out various tasks that enhance patient care. This scoping review aims to establish the types of robots being used in healthcare and identify where they are deployed.

Recent Findings
Technological advancements have enabled robots to conduct increasingly varied and complex roles in healthcare. For instance, precision tasks such as improving dexterity following stroke or assisting with percutaneous coronary intervention.

Summary
This review found that robots have played 10 main roles across a variety of clinical environments. The two predominant roles were surgical and rehabilitation and mobility. Although robots were mainly studied in the surgical theatre and rehabilitation unit, other settings ranged from the hospital ward to inpatient pharmacy. Healthcare needs are constantly evolving, as demonstrated by COVID-19, and robots may assist in adapting to these changes. The future will involve increased telepresence and infrastructure systems will have to improve to allow for this.
Blue light-induced lipid oxidation and the antioxidant property of hypotaurine: evaluation via measuring ultraweak photon emission
Authors: Tsuchida Katsuhiko , Sakiyama Natsuki 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe effects of blue light on human body have attracted attention. The human skin in contact with the outside environment is often exposed to blue light, and the effects of this exposure remain to be fully determined. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effect of blue light, at the intensity typically found in sunlight, on lipids in the skin from an oxidation perspective. Peroxide value (POV) and ultraweak photon emission (UPE) measurements were conducted to evaluate lipid oxidation. Our results confirmed that blue light irradiation induced lipid oxidation, similar to ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation. Also, the effects of various reagents on the blue light-induced UPE were evaluated; however, the results differed from those of the DPPH radical-scavenging ability. We speculated that this is due to the difference in the evaluation principle; nevertheless, among reagents, hypotaurine not only showed a high antioxidant effect but was also more effective against blue light-induced oxidation than UVA. Based on the difference in the antioxidant effect of the lipid sample in this study, the oxidation reaction induced by blue light may be different from the UVA-induced reaction. Our study provides new insights into the effects of blue light on lipids in the human skin, thereby promoting research regarding photooxidation.
Graphical abstract
Simple Stochastic Modeling of Snowball Probability Throughout Earth History
Authors: Baum Mark , Fu Minmin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOver its multibillion‐year history, Earth has exhibited a wide range of climates. Its history ranges from snowball episodes where the surface was mostly or entirely covered by ice to periods much warmer than today, where the cryosphere was virtually absent. Our understanding of greenhouse gas evolution over this long history, specifically carbon dioxide, is mainly informed by deterministic models. However, the complexity of the carbon cycle and its uncertainty over time motivates the study of non‐deterministic models, where key elements of the cycle are represented by inherently stochastic processes. By doing so, we can learn what models of variability are compatible with Earth's climate record instead of how exactly this variability is produced. In this study, we address why there were snowballs in the Proterozoic, but not the Phanerozoic by discussing two simple stochastic models of long‐term carbon‐cycle variability. The first, which is the most simple and represents CO2 concentration directly as a stochastic process, is instructive and perhaps intuitive, but is incompatible with the absence of snowballs in the Phanerozoic. The second, which separates carbon source from sink and represents CO2 outgassing as a stochastic process instead of concentration, is more flexible. When outgassing fluctuates over longer periods, as opposed to brief and rapid excursions from a mean state, this model is more compatible with the snowball record, showing only modest increases in the probability of snowball events over Earth history. The contrast between these models illustrates what kind of variability may have characterized the long‐term carbon cycle.
Three Types of Antarctic Intermediate Water Revealed by a Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Xia Xingyue , Hong Yu , Du Yan , Xiu Peng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe subduction and export of Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) is important for the heat, freshwater, carbon, and nutrient budgets of the world's oceans. Three types of AAIW are identified by applying an unsupervised machine learning approach to individual Argo profiles. The likely sources and pathways of these AAIWs are indicated by the locations and magnitudes of the salinity and oxygen extrema. The Southeast Pacific AAIW forms north of the Subantarctic Front (SAF) in the west corner of the Drake Passage and is exported north into the subtropical gyre. The South Pacific AAIW forms in the South Pacific along the SAF and is transported through the Drake Passage, thereby becoming a saliter and denser AAIW. The circumpolar AAIW, the coldest and freshest AAIW, has a circumpolar source and is injected into the ocean interior in the Brazil‐Malvinas confluence. The results clarify different types of AAIW have different origins.
Minimal Recipes for Global Cloudiness
Authors: Datseris George , Blanco Joaquin , Hadas Or , Bony Sadrine , Caballero Rodrigo , Kaspi Yohai , Stevens Bjorn 
Published: October 2022

AbstractClouds are primary modulators of Earth's energy balance. It is thus important to understand the links connecting variabilities in cloudiness to variabilities in other state variables of the climate system, and also describe how these links would change in a changing climate. A conceptual model of global cloudiness can help elucidate these points. In this work we derive simple representations of cloudiness, that can be useful in creating a theory of global cloudiness. These representations illustrate how both spatial and temporal variability of cloudiness can be expressed in terms of basic state variables. Specifically, cloud albedo is captured by a nonlinear combination of pressure velocity and a measure of the low‐level stability, and cloud longwave effect is captured by surface temperature, pressure velocity, and standard deviation of pressure velocity. We conclude with a short discussion on the usefulness of this work in the context of global warming response studies.