bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting spatiotemporal changes of surface soil organic carbon in China
Authors: Yang Ren‐Min , Huang Lai‐Ming , Wu Yun‐Jin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEvaluating the spatiotemporal dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) is essential for better understanding the role of SOC in global C cycling. In this study, we report on the application of a two‐compartment model for mapping and examining SOC changes in China. We develop a SOC change prediction model combined with an environmental stratification approach and map SOC changes for the top 20‐cm soil depth in China at a grid resolution of 1 km. We perform a model comparison to quantify the effects of environmental stratification on model performance. A mean SOC increase of 0.63 kg m−2 was observed over the past 40 yr. Compared to the model without environmental stratification (the concordance correlation coefficient [CCC]: 0.34–0.40; RMSE: 2.16–2.33 kg m−2), we found that the models incorporating spatial or temporal stratification provide better performance. Notably, the model with spatiotemporal stratification achieved the better performance compared with results without stratification, with the prediction accuracy improved up to 57% in terms of CCC. Our results suggest that both the spatial‐ and temporal‐scale effects of environmental heterogeneity on SOC processes need to be accounted for in the prediction of SOC changes. Furthermore, the results indicate that the developed approach can be used to map SOC changes over large regions. This study also emphasizes that to achieve accurate predictions, it is necessary to choose the proper environmental stratification method to refine the study unit.
Leveraging Nanomechanical Perturbations in Raman Spectro‐Immunoassays to Design a Versatile Serum Biomarker Detection Platform
Authors: Zheng Peng , Raj Piyush , Wu Lintong , Szabo Miklos , Hanson William A. , Mizutani Takayuki , Barman Ishan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWhile immunoassays are pivotal to medical diagnosis and bioanalytical chemistry, the current landscape of public health has catalyzed an important shift in the requirements of immunoassays that demand innovative solutions. For example, rapid, label‐free, and low‐cost screening of a given analyte is required to inform the best countermeasures to combat infectious diseases in a timely manner. Yet, the current design of immunoassays cannot accommodate such requirements as constraint by accumulative challenges, such as repeated incubation and washing, and the need of two types of antibodies in the sandwich format. To provide a potential solution, herein, a plasmonic Raman immunoassay with single‐antibody, multivariate regression, and shift‐of‐peak strategies, coined as the PRISM assay, for serum biomarkers detection, is reported. The PRISM assay relies on Raman reporter‐antibody conjugates to capture analytes on a plasmonic substrate. The ensuing nanomechanical perturbations to vibration of Raman reporters induce subtle but characteristic spectral changes that encode rich information related to the captured analytes. By fusing Raman spectroscopy and chemometric analysis, both Raman frequency shift‐ and multivariate regression models for sensitive detection of biomarkers are developed. The PRISM assay is expected to find a wide range of applications in clinical diagnosis, food safety surveillance, and environmental monitoring.
Systems engineering applied to urban planning and development: A review and research agenda
Authors: Reid Jack , Wood Danielle 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSystems engineering tools and methodologies are increasingly being used in urban planning and sustainable development applications. Such tools were previously extensively used for urban planning during the 1960s and 1970s in the United States, only to result in high profile failures and pushback from urban planners, politicians, and the public. In order to better understand why this occurred, what has changed, and how we can avoid such failures moving forward, this study conducts a systematic review and an integrative review of the systems engineering and critical literature. These reviews are used to identify eight common pitfalls and organize them into key themes. Technological and methodological developments that may address each of these pitfalls are considered and recommendations are made for future applications of systems engineering to planning contexts. Finally, examples are provided of systems engineering being used productively in a way consistent with these recommendations for sustainable development applications.
Investigation of the anti‐pseudorabies virus activity of interferon lambda 3 in cultured porcine kidney epithelial cells
Authors: Deng Huidan , Jian Zhijie , Zhu Ling , Li Fengqin , Zhao Jun , Deng Junliang , Sun Xiangang , Xu Zhiwen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundIt has been reported Interferon‐λ (IFN‐λ) has stronger antiviral effect than other interferons. IFN‐λ can induce antiviral interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) in epithelia to protect against virus. Pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection in pigs resulting in fatal encephalitis in newborn piglets, respiratory disorders in finishing pigs, reproductive disorders in sows and other symptoms.ObjectivesSince the effect of IFN‐λ on inhibiting PRV proliferation is still unknown. Inthis study, we investigate the relative contribution of porcine IFN‐λ3 toward controlling the infection of PRV in vitro. Our findings may provide a new insight for the prevention and treatment of PRV.MethodsTherefore, the antiviral assay, western blot, qRT‐PCR and ELISA assay were used to investigating the contribution of IFN‐λ against PRV in PK‐15 cells.ResultsHere, we demonstrate that the replication of PRV in PK‐15 cells was inhibited after pre‐treatment with IFN‐λ3, and such inhibition was dose dependent. Overexpression of IFN‐λ3 receptor (IFNLR) also restricted virus titre in PK‐15 cells. In addition, IFN‐λ3 also increased the mRNA and protein expression of interferon‐stimulated genes 15 (ISG15), 2′‐5′‐oligoadenylate synthase 1 (OAS1), IFN‐inducible transmembrane 3 (IFITM3) and myxoma resistance protein 1 (Mx1) in PRV‐infected PK‐15 cells. Other than modulation ISGs, IFN‐λ specifically activated IFN‐γ mRNA expression not IFN‐α or IFN‐β.ConclusionsIFN‐λ3 had antiviral activity against PRV and the upregulation of ISGs and IFN‐γ mRNA expression may be the mechanism of IFN‐λ3's antiviral activities. Thus, IFN‐λ3 has a decisive function that greatly limits PRV replication in PK‐15 cells. Our study explores the antiviral activity of IFN‐λ3 on PRV for the first time.
Introduction: Feeding the Future Sustainably—What Role for Novel Foods and Edible Insects?
Authors: Scaffardi Lucia , Formici Giulia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFood systems all over the world are increasingly under pressure: according to the United Nations, in 2020, 2.37 billion people suffered hunger or were unable to eat a healthy balanced diet on a regular basis. This worrying scenario, mainly affecting developing countries in the Global South, has been exacerbated by different phenomena such as climate change, the global spread of Covid-19, and recent geopolitical tensions. In this context, innovation and technological progress have been considered important allies to promote environmental, social and economic sustainability in the food sector and provide solid answers to the urgent demand of accessible and safe food for present and future generations. So-called Novel Foods represent an interesting and relevant example of the potential role of innovation for the guaranteeing of food security. This introductive chapter aims to present the main issues affecting the food sector globally and offer some first insights on this Volume’s main topics: Novel Foods in the European Union and a particular category of ‘new’ foods, namely insects for human consumption. The structure of the book and the reasons behind the content selection are explored, highlighting the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to such a complex topic.
A Peculiar Category of Novel Foods: Traditional Foods Coming from Third Countries and the Regulatory Issues Involving Sustainability, Food Security, Food Safety, and the Free Circulation of Goods
Authors: Scaffardi Lucia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSince 1997, traditional foods coming from Third Countries and not regularly consumed in the European territory before 1997 are included in the definition of Novel Foods provided by the EC Legislator. This peculiar category of ‘new’ foods has raised significant issues, also at the international level, due to the important and strict link between the marketing of such foods and the promotion of sustainable development. The chapter aims at deeply analysing the legislative debate, as well as the regulatory solutions finally approved by the EU legislator, by highlighting the persistent challenges, paying particular attention to the difficult balance-point determined—or still to be determined—among the free circulation of goods, food safety, food security and sustainability.
The Safety Assessment of Insects and Products Thereof As Novel Foods in the European Union
Authors: Precup Gabriela , Ververis Ermolaos , Azzollini Domenico , Rivero-Pino Fernando , Zakidou Panagiota , Germini Andrea 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn the European Union, insects and products thereof fall under Regulation (EU) 2283/2015 on Novel Foods, as they were not consumed to a significant degree within the EU before 15 May 1997. This chapter elucidates the risk assessment process performed by EFSA, highlighting the various elements considered when assessing the safety of insect-derived foodstuffs. The information discussed stems from EFSA outputs on the safety evaluation of such products, which have confirmed the safety of their consumption under the proposed conditions of use.
Pediatric liver cirrhosis interventional procedures: from biopsy to transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
Authors: Natali Gian Luigi , Cassanelli Giulia , Paolantonio Guglielmo , Parapatt George Koshy , Gregori Lorenzo Maria , Rollo Massimo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCirrhosis is a complex diffuse process whereby the architecture of the liver is replaced by abnormal nodules because of the presence of fibrosis. Several pediatric diseases such as extrahepatic portal vein obstruction, biliary atresia, alpha-1-antitrypsin deficit and autoimmune hepatitis can lead to cirrhosis and portal hypertension in children. In this article the authors describe interventional radiology procedures that can facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of diseases associated with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension in the pediatric population. These procedures include image-guided liver biopsy, mesenteric–intrahepatic left portal vein shunts, balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts and splenic embolization.
The Spin–Spin Problem in Celestial Mechanics
Authors: Celletti Alessandra , Gimeno Joan , Misquero Mauricio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe study the dynamics of two homogeneous rigid ellipsoids subject to their mutual gravitational influence. We assume that the spin axis of each ellipsoid coincides with its shortest physical axis and is perpendicular to the orbital plane. Due to such assumptions, the problem is planar and depends on particular parameters of the ellipsoids, most notably, the equatorial oblateness and the flattening with respect to the shortest physical axes. We consider two models for such configuration: while in the full model, there is a coupling between the orbital and rotational motions, in the Keplerian model, the centers of mass of the bodies are constrained to move on coplanar Keplerian ellipses. The Keplerian case, in the approximation that includes the coupling between the spins of the two ellipsoids, is what we call spin–spin problem, that is a generalization of the classical spin–orbit problem. In this paper we continue the investigations of Misquero (Nonlinearity 34:2191–2219, 2021) on the spin–spin problem by comparing it with the spin–orbit problem and also with the full model. Beside detailing the models associated to the spin–orbit and spin–spin problems, we introduce the notions of standard and balanced resonances, which lead us to investigate the existence of periodic and quasi-periodic solutions. We also give a qualitative description of the phase space and provide results on the linear stability of solutions for the spin–orbit and spin–spin problems. We conclude by providing a comparison between the full and the Keplerian models with particular reference to the interaction between the rotational and orbital motions.
Pediatric robotic surgery: issues in management—expert consensus from the Italian Society of Pediatric and Neonatal Anesthesia and Intensive Care (SARNePI) and the Italian Society of Pediatric Surgery (SICP)
Authors: Tesoro Simonetta , Gamba Piergiorgio , Bertozzi Mirko , Borgogni Rachele , Caramelli Fabio , Cobellis Giovanni , Cortese Giuseppe , Esposito Ciro , Gargano Tommaso , Garra Rossella , Mantovani Giulia , Marchesini Laura , Mencherini Simonetta , Messina Mario , Neba Gerald Rogan , Pelizzo Gloria , Pizzi Simone , Riccipetitoni Giovanna , Simonini Alessandro , Tognon Costanza , Lima Mario 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Pediatric robotic-assisted surgeries have increased in recent years; however, guidance documents are still lacking. This study aimed to develop evidence-based recommendations, or best practice statements when evidence is lacking or inadequate, to assist surgical teams internationally.

Methods
A joint consensus taskforce of anesthesiologists and surgeons from the Italian Society of Pediatric and Neonatal Anesthesia and Intensive Care (SARNePI) and the Italian Society of Pediatric Surgery (SICP) have identified critical areas and reviewed the available evidence. The taskforce comprised 21 experts representing the fields of anesthesia (n = 11) and surgery (n = 10) from clinical centers performing pediatric robotic surgery in the Italian cities of Ancona, Bologna, Milan, Naples, Padua, Pavia, Perugia, Rome, Siena, and Verona. Between December 2020 and September 2021, three meetings, two Delphi rounds, and a final consensus conference took place.

Results
During the first planning meeting, the panel agreed on the specific objectives, the definitions to apply, and precise methodology. The project was structured into three subtopics: (i) preoperative patient assessment and preparation; (ii) intraoperative management (surgical and anesthesiologic); and (iii) postoperative procedures. Within these phases, the panel agreed to address a total of 18 relevant areas, which spanned preoperative patient assessment and patient selection, anesthesiology, critical care medicine, respiratory care, prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting, and pain management.

Conclusion
Collaboration among surgeons and anesthesiologists will be increasingly important for achieving safe and effective RAS procedures. These recommendations will provide a review for those who already have relevant experience and should be particularly useful for those starting a new program.
Scalable and Robust Dual-Primal Newton–Krylov Deluxe Solvers for Cardiac Electrophysiology with Biophysical Ionic Models
Authors: Huynh Ngoc Mai Monica , Pavarino Luca F. , Scacchi Simone 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe focus of this work is to provide an extensive numerical study of the parallel efficiency and robustness of a staggered dual-primal Newton–Krylov deluxe solver for implicit time discretizations of the Bidomain model. This model describes the propagation of the electrical impulse in the cardiac tissue, by means of a system of parabolic reaction-diffusion partial differential equations. This system is coupled to a system of ordinary differential equations, modeling the ionic currents dynamics. A staggered approach is employed for the solution of a fully implicit time discretization of the problem, where the two systems are solved successively. The arising nonlinear algebraic system is solved with a Newton–Krylov approach, preconditioned by a dual-primal Domain Decomposition algorithm in order to improve convergence. The theoretical analysis and numerical validation of this strategy has been carried out in Huynh et al. (SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 44, B224–B249, 2022) considering only simple ionic models. This paper extends this study to include more complex biophysical ionic models, as well as the presence of ischemic regions, described mathematically by heterogeneous diffusion coefficients with possible discontinuities between subregions. The results of several numerical experiments show robustness and scalability of the proposed parallel solver.
Patient-derived intrafemoral orthotopic xenografts of peripheral blood or bone marrow from acute myeloid and acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients: clinical characterization, methodology, and validation
Authors: Li Jun , Chen Hongkui , Zhao ShiZhu , Wen Danyi , Bi Lintao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are malignant clonal diseases of the hematopoietic system with an unsatisfactory overall prognosis.
The main obstacle is the increased resistance of AML and ALL cells to chemotherapy. The development and validation of new therapeutic strategies for acute leukemia require preclinical models that accurately recapitulate the genetic, pathological, and clinical features of acute leukemia. A patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) model is established using surgical orthotopic implantation. They closely resemble human tumor progression and microenvironment and are more reliable translational research tools than subcutaneous-transplant models. In this study, we established PDOX models by direct intrafemoral injection of bone marrow and peripheral blood cells from AML and ALL patients, characterized their pathology, cytology, and genetics, and compared the model's characteristics and drug responsiveness with those of the corresponding patients.
Sexual Desire in Women: Paradoxical and Nonlinear Associations with Anxiety and Depressed Mood
Authors: Bittoni Celeste , Kiesner Jeff 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to expand previous findings regarding paradoxical effects of negative mood on sexual desire. This was done by considering the full range of depressed mood and anxiety symptoms and using methods that are unaffected by recall bias and that don’t require participants to infer causal associations between their mood and sexual desire. A convenience sample of 213 university students completed daily questionnaires for approximately two months. Multilevel random-effects models were used to estimate average effects for the entire sample and to test for variability across participants in the associations between negative mood and sexual desire, controlling also for potential influences of the menstrual cycle. Previous findings showing that some women report decreased sexual desire and others increased sexual desire when depressed or anxious were confirmed. More importantly, for both depressed mood and anxiety, results demonstrated the presence of within-person paradoxical associations, whereby there were some women for whom both low and high levels of negative mood were associated with the same change (an increase or a decrease) in sexual desire. Related to these diverse response patterns, paradoxical associations between negative mood and sexual desire were also present at low levels of negative mood. The discussion underlines the importance of considering individual variability and multifactorial nonlinear models when studying sexual desire.
Exploring the Ownership of Child-Like Sex Dolls
Authors: Harper Craig A. , Lievesley Rebecca 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThere is a fervent social debate ongoing that relates to the ownership of child-like sex dolls. On the one hand, some proponents of dolls suggest that they offer a safe sexual outlet for minor-attracted people (MAPs) and could be used in efforts to prevent the sexual abuse of children. On the other side of the debate, child-like dolls are seen as articles that sexualize children, encourage deviant fantasies, and increase offending risk. To date, no empirical analyses have been undertaken with people who own such dolls. In this paper, we present data from child-like sex doll owners (n = 85) and MAPs who do not own dolls (n = 120) recruited from online forums visited by people who own sex dolls or forums for people with sexual attractions to children. Specifically, we compared their psychological characteristics and proclivities for sexual aggression. Among non-owners, 79.2% of participants declared an interest in owning a sex doll, which is higher than the 20–40% rate reported in adult-attracted samples of non-owners. We found few differences between the groups on most personality variables, with doll owners being less antisocial and anxiously attached than non-owners, but exhibiting more schizotypal traits. Related to offending proclivities, doll ownership was associated with lower levels of sexual preoccupation and self-reported arousal to hypothetical abuse scenarios, but higher levels of sexually objectifying behaviors and anticipated enjoyment of sexual encounters with children. We discuss these data in relation to a functional model of child-like sex doll ownership among MAPs.
Intersectional Immunity? Examining How Race/Ethnicity and Sexual Orientation Combine to Shape Influenza Vaccination Among US Adults
Authors: Wilkins Kiana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInfluenza vaccination is a critical preventive healthcare behavior designed to prevent spread of seasonal flu. This paper contributes to existing scholarship by applying an intersectional perspective to examine how influenza vaccination differs across specific intersections of racial/ethnic and sexual identity. Drawing on aggregated state-level data from Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) from 2011 to 2020, I examine how flu vaccination differs across 18 racial/ethnic-by-sexual orientation groups (N = 1,986,432). Findings from descriptive analyses and logistic regression modeling demonstrate three key findings. First, it corroborates previous studies of vaccination, finding lower rates of flu vaccination among black adults relative to whites; gays/lesbians vaccinate at higher rates than heterosexuals and bisexuals, with bisexuals reporting lower vaccination relative to both heterosexuals and gays/lesbians. Second, it demonstrates how sexual orientation complicates established patterns between race/ethnicity and vaccination (e.g., influenza vaccination is more racially stratified among heterosexuals, with patterns more variable among gays/lesbians) and how race/ethnicity complicates previous patterns of vaccination by sexual orientation (e.g., Asian bisexuals vaccinate more than both heterosexuals). Third, findings pinpoint identities (e.g., black heterosexuals relative to their white peers and white bisexuals relative to their gay/lesbian peers) most in need of influenza vaccination outreach efforts. Implications for findings suggest that heterosexuals, especially black, may be less likely to vaccinate against influenza thus may need more encouragement from clinicians to vaccinate. Additionally, influenza vaccination should be free for all persons to lessen the barrier of access for this preventative healthcare.