bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coating formulation change leads to inferior bioefficacy of long-lasting insecticidal nets in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Bubun Nakei , Anetul Evodia , Koinari Melanie , Freeman Tim , Karl Stephan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
Long lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) play a key role in reducing malaria transmission in endemic countries. Previously, we demonstrated a substantial decrease in the bioefficacy of LLINs for malaria prevention delivered to Papua New Guinea (PNG) between 2013 and 2019. This coincided with a rise in malaria cases in the country. The present study was aimed at determining the underlying cause of the observed reduced bioefficacy of these LLINs. In particular, we tested the hypothesis that a change in the coating formulation of the respective LLIN product was the cause for the observed reduction in bioefficacy, and had led to completely altered product properties and performance.
Methods
A set of PermaNet® 2.0 LLIN samples (n = 12) manufactured between 2007 and 2019 was subjected to combustion ion chromatography in order to understand the chemistry of the LLIN polymer coating formulation. In addition, World Health Organization (WHO) LLIN wash tests and cone bioassays were conducted to further characterize the change in product performance that occurred between 2012 and 2013.
Results
High polymer fluorine content (3 to 4 g/kg) was measured in PermaNet® 2.0 manufactured up to 2012, whereas nets which were manufactured after 2012 did not contain polymer fluorine indicating a coating formulation change from polyfluorocarbon (PFC) to a non-PFC formulation. The coating formulation change as part of the manufacturing process thus directly resulted in the observed reduction in bioefficacy. In addition, the manufacturing change impacted wash resistance leading to a faster reduction in 24h mosquito mortality in the non-PFC coated product.
Conclusion
A change in coating formulation of PermaNet® 2.0 resulted in reduced product performance in PNG. Post-2012 PermaNet® 2.0 LLINs should not be considered to be the same product as PermaNet® 2.0 LLINs produced prior to and in 2012. Coating formulation changes should be validated not to impact LLIN product performance.
Rare Collision Tumour of Papillary and Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case Report
Authors: Mothayapan Prasad , Ong Diana BL , Ng Khoon Leong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundPapillary thyroid carcinomas and follicular thyroid carcinomas account for 90 - 95% of all thyroid cancers. Both have distinct features which are best evaluated histologically. The co-existence of these two cancers is extremely rare and have only been described in case reports. We report a rare case of a collision tumour of papillary and follicular thyroid carcinomas in the same anatomical thyroid gland. Case PresentationA 43-year-old woman was referred to the endocrine surgery clinic for an anterior neck mass found on routine check-up. A right thyroid nodule was clinically palpable. Thyroid function tests were normal. An ultrasound scan revealed bilateral thyroid nodules which warranted fine needle aspiration. Fine needle aspiration of the right nodule was consistent with cyst content, which was non-diagnostic while fine needle aspiration of the left nodule demonstrated atypia of undetermined significance. The patient was counselled for a left hemithyroidectomy but opted instead for removal of the enlarged right thyroid nodule. A right hemithyroidectomy was performed and histopathological examination revealed follicular carcinoma with capsular and vascular invasion as well as a nodule consisting of papillary carcinoma. These two malignant nodules were separated by a section of normal thyroid tissue hence this was termed as a “collision tumour”. A completion left hemithyroidectomy revealed papillary carcinoma in the left thyroid lobe. Post-surgery, the patient was treated with radioiodine (131I) and thyroxine suppression therapy. ConclusionCollision tumours have been described as two independent tumours with distinct morphology which occur concurrently at the same site but having a distinct border. They are extremely rare entities with only a handful of cases reported so far, thus posing a diagnostic challenge to the unwary clinician. The concept of triple assessment by clinical, radiological and cyto-histopathological correlation is fundamental in investigating thyroid nodules but may miss a collision tumour. A number of theories and genetic mutations have been implicated in this collision phenomenon, but none have been proven so far. Collision tumours are not fully understood and their unpredictable biological behaviour render management decisions on treatment difficult. An individualized patient-approach in a multidisciplinary setting should be adopted to improve patient outcomes.
LncRNA-MIR222HG is a novel regulator of macrophage polarization in allergic rhinitis that functions by targeting the miR146a-5p/TRAF6/NF-κΒ axis
Authors: Wen Silu , Li Fen , Tang Yulei , Dong Lin , He Yan , Deng Yuqin , Tao Zezhang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAccumulating evidence indicates that non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs) regulate macrophage polarization in allergic diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying ncRNAs-mediated macrophage polarization in allergic rhinitis(AR) have not been systematically understood. Here, we identified lncRNA-MIR222HG as a key regulator of macrophage polarization and revealed its role in AR.MethodsBioinformatic analyses were performed to identify the dysregulated RNAs related to AR and to subsequently construct a competitive endogenous RNA(ceRNA) network. We validated our bioinformatic analyses by performing qRT-PCR in our clinical samples (39 cases of AR and 40 controls) and animal models of AR (10 AR mice and 10 controls), respectively. Human lncRNA-MIR222HG and murine mir222hg were significantly downregulated in AR. Fluorescentin situhybridization (FISH) was used to evaluate subcellular localization of MIR222HG/mir222hg. The MIR222HG/miR146a-5p/TRAF6 ceRNA axis was found to regulate macrophage polarization and, consequently, the pathogenesis of AR, potentially. Targeted associations between mir222hg and miR146a-5p, as well as between miR146a-5p and Traf6, were validated using dual-luciferase reporter gene assays. IL-4/LPS/OVA-stimulated RAW264.7 cells were transfected to modulate mir222hg and miR146a-5p expression. Flow cytometry, qRT-PCR and immunoblotting were performed to detect the expression of downstream genes and macrophage polarization in transfected RAW264.7 cells.ResultsMIR222HG and murine mir222hg were significantly downregulated in AR. Subcellular localization revealed MIR222HG and mir222hg mainly expressed in the cytoplasm and could act as a ceRNA. a series of gain-of-function, loss-of-function and rescue experiments were conducted to verify the role of mir222hg as a ceRNA sponge-that adsorbed miR146a-5p, upregulated Traf6, and activated the IKK/IκB/P65 pathway, thus facilitating macrophage M1 polarization induced by LPS and attenuating IL-4/OVA-induced macrophage M2 polarization in RAW264.7 cells.ConclusionsOur study revealed that MIR222HG targets the miR146a-5p/TRAF6/NF-κΒ axis and modulates macrophage polarization in AR, suggesting that MIR222HG may be a novel biomarker or therapeutic target for AR.
CDX-2 expression correlates with clinical outcomes in MSI-H metastatic colorectal cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Ziranu Pina , Pretta Andrea , Pozzari Marta , Maccioni Antonio , Badiali Manuela , Fanni Daniela , Lai Eleonora , Donisi Clelia , Persano Mara , Gerosa Clara , Puzzoni Marco , Bardanzellu Fabio , Ambu Rossano , Pusceddu Valeria , Dubois Marco , Cerrone Giulia , Migliari Marco , Murgia Sara , Spanu Dario , Pretta Gianluca , Aimola Valentina , Balconi Francesca , Murru Stefania , Faa Gavino , Scartozzi Mario 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) showed efficacy in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) with mismatch-repair deficiency or high microsatellite instability (dMMR-MSI-H). Unfortunately, a patient’s subgroup did not benefit from immunotherapy. CDX-2 would seem to influence immunotherapy’s sensitivity, potentially being a biomarker of ICIs efficacy. Therefore, we investigated its role as a prognostic-predictive marker in patients with mCRC MSI-H.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively collected data from 14 MSI-H mCRC patients treated with ICIs between 2018 and 2021. The primary endpoint was the Progression-Free-Survival (PFS) rate at 12 months. The secondary endpoints were Overall Survival (OS), PFS, objective response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR).
Results
The PFS rate at 12 months was 80% in CDX-2-positive patients vs 0% in CDX-2-negative patients (p = 0.003). The median PFS was not reached (NR) in the CDX-2-positive group versus 2.07 months (95%CI 2.07to10.8) in CDX-2-negative patients (p = 0.0003). Median OS was NR in CDX-2-positive patients versus 2.17 months (95%CI 2.17to18.7) in CDX2-negative patients (p = 0.0262). All CDX-2-positive patients achieved a disease response, one of them a complete response. Among CDX-2-negative patients, one achieved stable disease, while the other progressed rapidly (ORR:100%v0%, p = 0.0005; DCR: 100%vs50%, p = 0.02). Pembrolizumab in the first-line did not reach the median PFS, and it achieved a median PFS of 10.8 months (95%CI 10,8to12,1; p = 0.04) in third-line treatment.
Conclusion
Our analysis confirms the prognostic role of CDX-2 in CRC and suggests a promising predictive role in defining the immuno-sensitive population. Modulating the CDX-2/CXCL14 axis in CDX-2-negative patients could be useful in overcoming primary resistance to immunotherapy.
On the stability of Lord Shulman thermoelastic system with porous damping
Authors: Boudeliou Marwa , Bouraoui Hamed Abderrahamne , Djebabla Abdelhak 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this work, we study the asymptotic behavior of a one-dimensional Lord-Shulman thermoelastic system [1]. We establish the well-posedness and the stability of the system by using the energy method. We present a finite element approximation and we show the discrete energy decay. At the end, numerical simulations are presented to validate the theoretical results.AMS Subject Classification: 435B37, 35L55, 74D05, 93D15.
An Anonymous Lightweight Mutual Authentication Scheme for Fog Computing
Authors: S Thankaraja Raja , Harish R. , Veni T. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
An identity preserving mutual authentication scheme between fog users and fog servers is an important and challenging issue in fog computing, because unlike cloud servers, fog servers and fog users may be malicious. Such a scheme should retain the true identity of the user from the opponent, because otherwise, the opponent will be able to track which fog user and fog server are communicating. This article proposes a safe and effective anonymous mutual authentication scheme between the fog user and the fog server at the edge of the network. In our solution, with the help of the registration authority (RA), they can authenticate each other and agree on a new session key, which will be used to encrypt messages in the session. Fog users can roam freely in the network and can authenticate to any fog server within its range without re-registering with RA. The proposed scheme requires few symmetric encryption/decryption and one-way hash functions, so that it can be efficiently implemented for resource-constrained fog user’s devices. The performance of the proposed scheme is compared with the existing scheme, in which the proposed scheme can withstand multiple attacks (known plaintext attacks, man-in-the-middle attacks, session hijacking, etc.). Finally, the proposed scheme is verified using the widely accepted Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications (AVISPA) tool. The results show that our protocol can safely resist various attacks and can achieve the expected goals. Moreover, the proposed scheme is practically experimented using the NS3 simulator.
Comparative Analysis of (1 + λ)Evolutionary Algorithms Based on Comparison-in-time Model
Authors: Feng Fujian , Zhou Zhulian , Tan Mian , Xia Dawen , Wang Lin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Runtime comparative analysis of evolutionary algorithms (EAs) is an important topic in the theoretical research of evolutionary computation. Few studies have been conducted to compare the performance of the runtime analysis. The runtime of EAs can be measured by the first hitting time (FHT) to find the optimal solution. In this paper, we present the design of an equal-in-time model based on the stochastic process model of FHT and the property of equivalence relation, which realizes by expected FHT (EFHT) equivalence class division of difference EAs. With the equal-in-time model, we propose a comparison-in-time model, which can directly compare and analyze the EFHT of different EAs. To verify the feasibility of the proposed comparison-in-time model on a multi-individual population, we conducted a case study to analyze the performance of (1 + λ)EA with different selection operators and different variation operators. Experimental results show that the proposed comparison-in-time model is applicable to the comparison of (1 + λ)EA and is consistent with the comparative analysis results of (1 + 1)EA.
Improving the Effectiveness of Teacher Assessment in Higher Education: A Case Study of Professors’ Perceptions in Morocco
Authors: Rasmy Aziz , St-Amand Jérôme , Abdessamed Nabil , Courdi Clémentine 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Teacher assessment in higher education is a widely used strategy in Western countries, but it is not common practice in Moroccan academia. In consequence, the establishment of a new assessment policy in higher education creates a new dynamic in teaching practices, teacher assessment and professional career development. This type of major change, however, is likely to generate anxiety among staff regarding the learning of new practices, and uncertainty in respect of their involvement in the process of teacher assessment. The objective of the present study was thus to explore the perceptions of professors concerning the implementation of teacher assessment in Moroccan universities (Mohamed V University and Ibn Tofeil), through a survey and interviews carried out among the professors. The majority of professors expressed a positive attitude towards the usefulness of teaching evaluation. According to them, teacher assessment helps them identify strengths and weaknesses in their teaching. In contrast, there is a recurring issue among the respondents, namely the crisis of trust towards the parties involved in the evaluation process and apprehension regarding consequences of these evaluations’ results on faculty status and rank progression. The majority were very suspicious of using student assessment for administrative purposes.
Severe Hemolysis with Negative Direct Antiglobulin Test: A Case Report
Authors: Behzadifard Mahin , Arianezhad Ali , Bandehzadeh Ali , Gholampour Mohammadali 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A 49-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) presented to the emergency department. Her examination showed marked pallor, exhaustion, lethargy, yellowish eyes, anorexia, nausea and vomiting.Hematuria; negative standard direct antiglobulin test (DAT); normal glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD); hemoglobin (Hb), 4.8 g/dl; Mean cell volume (MCV), 91fl; platelet count, 233 × 106 /L; Total bilirubin, 7.0 mg/dl; Glucose, 316 mg/dl; lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), 1750U/L. Undoubtedly, therapeutic panel should have been used for hemolytic anemia. Intravenous (IV) fluids and 2 units of packed cell were transfused. Methylprednisolone with rituximab were started for the patient. After 3 weeks of the patient admission, she was discharged home with stable vital signs and Hb, 10 g/dl. We concluded in the cases that presented along with a severe drop in Hb and evidence of hemolysis which non immune hemolytic anemia is excluded in spite of negative standard DAT limited transfusion besides corticosteroids combined with rituximab, could be helpful in saving the patient.
Psychiatric comorbidity and psycho-emotional status of patients with acne
Authors: Dvoriankova E. V. , Shevchenko N. A. , Zhukova O. V. 
Published: August 2022

Acne is a very common skin disease that has a significant impact on the psycho-emotional status of patients. This disease affects various areas of patients’ lives, leading to problems in body image, socialization, and sexuality. The change in appearance and the psycho-emotional stress associated with the development of acne can also affect other aspects of patients’ lives, including educational attainment, social activity, and a decline in academic performance and ability to work. Interpersonal problems in acne patients can occur not only with acquaintances and colleagues, but also within the family. The presence of a pronounced cosmetic defect, along with acute psycho-emotional problems, leads to a sharp decrease in quality of life, which is often exacerbated by comorbid psychiatric pathology: anxiety, depression, dysmorphophobia, self-injurious behavior, which certainly requires timely, effective and safe therapy for the underlying skin disease. Isotretinoin is an effective medication for the treatment of severe and treatment-resistant forms of acne. This drug has an effect on all four pathophysiological factors of acne development. Isotretinoin reduces sebum production, regulates hyperkeratosis in the estuaries of sebaceous follicles, reduces the number of Propionibacterium acnes on the skin and is thought to have certain immunological and anti-inflammatory effects. This is why the introduction of this drug into clinical practice has been recognized as an incredible triumph in the treatment of vulgar acne. However, the presence of some undesirable side effects may limit its widespread use. In 1982, for example, the FDA issued a warning about the possible risk of depression and the occurrence of suicidal thoughts and attempts while using isotretinoin. However, this warning was not subsequently confirmed.
Interaksi Kaum Sufi dengan Ahli Hadis: Melacak Akar Persinggungan Tasawuf dan Hadis
Authors: Arafat Ahmad Tajuddin 
Published: August 2022

This article examines the root of intersection between the study of Sufism and Hadith through the interaction between Sufis with the Hadis Transmitters (Ahl al-Hadis). A historical approach used in this research. The result founded that some early Sufis identified as active and credible transmitters of Hadis. Early Sufis generations already applied the exoteric views or irfani perspective toward understanding the Hadis. This view is a pillar for them to get the significance of the Prophetic traditions. It stated that early Sufis make the Prophet attitude as an ideal model for them. The research also founded that the Sufi’s interactions with the Transmitters are considered as a dialogical interaction between them. These interactions historically confirmed in the middle of the second century of hijriyah, for example, Ibnu Mubarak (118 H.), and the third century of hijriyah, al-Muhasibi (243 H) and Zun an-Nun al-Misri (245 H).* * *Artikel ini mengkaji akar persinggungan antara kajian Tasawuf dan Hadis melalui pola interaksi para Sufi dengan perawi Hadis (Ahl al-Hadis). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan historis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada beberapa sufi awal yang diidentifikasi sebagai perawi aktif dan kredibel dari Hadis. Sufi generasi awal sudah menerapkan pandangan eksoteris atau perspektif irfani terhadap pemahaman Hadis. Pandangan ini merupakan hal yang penting bagi mereka untuk mendapatkan hakikat makna hadis Nabi. Sufi awal selalu menjadikan Nabi sebagai model ideal untuk mereka. Gambaran interaksi Sufi dengan perawi dianggap sebagai interaksi dialogis antara keduanya. Interaksi ini secara historis terjadi pada pertengahan abad kedua hijriyah, terutama di zaman Ibnu Mubarak (118 H.), dan pada abad ketiga hijriyah, di era al-Muhasibi (243 H) dan Zun an-Nun al-Misri (245 H).
Al-Fiqh Al-Islāmiy wa Āṡāruhu ‘alā al-Qānūn al-Ūrūbiy
Authors: Meirison M 
Published: August 2022

Islamic Jurisprudence and Its Effects on European Law. A must for every Muslim to know and a right to know where someone draws European law and obsessed with him and not to say that Europe is the bearer of progress and prosperity for us and family law (ahwal as-syakhsiyah) as civilization and without it will live in the darkness and the darkness in life. Western nations will easily be said that the Islamic world has been indebted to the west to build their laws, especially in the field of private law (ahwal as-syaikhsiyah), marriage, inheritance and other mu'amalah actual fields formerly derived from Islam itself as joint property ownership in marriage. Even Islamic law has effect until the current international law.* * *Pengaruh Fiqh Islam Terhadap Hukum di Eropa. Sebuah keharusan bagi setiap muslim untuk mengetahui dan berhak untuk tahu di mana seseorang menggambar hukum Eropa dan terobsesi dengannya dan agar tidak mengatakan bahwa Eropa adalah pembawa kemajuan dan kemakmuran bagi kita dan hukum keluarga (ahwal as-syakhsiyah) sebagai peradaban dan tanpa itu akan hidup dalam kegelapan dan kegelapan dalam kehidupan. Bangsa barat dengan mudah akan mengatakan dunia Islam telah berhutang kepada barat untuk membangun hukum mereka terutama di bidang ahwal as-syaksiyah, pernikahan, waris dan bidang mu'amalah lainnya yang sebenarnya dahulunya berasal dari Islam sendiri seperti kepemilikan harta bersama dalam perkawinan. Bahkan hukum Islam mempunyai pengaruh sampai kepada hukum internasional yang berlaku sekarang.
TAREKAT ASY-SYAHADATAIN: SEJARAH, AKTIFITAS, DAN AJARAN
Authors: Rosyid Moh 
Published: August 2022

Tarekat Asy-Syahadatain was established in Panguragan, Cirebon, West Java in 1947. It, then, expanded to Central Java. In most cases, tarekat was established in the Middle East and then spreaded to Nusantara. Asy-Syahadatain was founded by Habib Umar, firstly as a religious congregation (pengajian) which later on developed into a tarekat. The name was taken from its teachings which focused on the implementation of syahadat in daily life. This article employed a library research method. The results are the specificity of this tariqa to recite syahadat, shalawat tunjina, and to wear white clothes during canonical prayers and supplementary prayers. AbstrakTarekat Asy-Syahadatain tumbuh di Panguragan, Cirebon, Jawa Barat tahun 1947 hingga kini berkembang di Jawa Tengah. Lazimnya, tarekat tumbuh di Timur Tengah dan berkembang hingga di Nusantara. Tarekat ini dideklarasikan oleh Habib Umar yang awalnya mendirikan kelompok pengajian syahadatain hingga nama ini diabadikan menjadi nama tarekat. Penamaan syahadatain karena mendalami makna kata syahadat dan diwujudkan dalam perilaku. Penelitian ini, menggunakan metode library research. Hasil dari penelitian didapat bahwa, Kekhasan tarekat ini yaitu mentradisikan membaca syahadatain, membaca salawat tunjina, dan berpakaian serba putih (surban dan sejenisnya) bagi perempuan dan lelaki tatkala salat maktubah dan salat sunah.