bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic modifiers of upper limb function in Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Sabbatini Daniele , Fusto Aurora , Vianello Sara , Villa Matteo , Janik Joanna , D’Angelo Grazia , Diella Eleonora , Magri Francesca , Comi Giacomo P. , Panicucci Chiara , Bruno Claudio , D’Amico Adele , Bertini Enrico , Astrea Guja , Battini Roberta , Politano Luisa , Masson Riccardo , Baranello Giovanni , Previtali Stefano C. , Messina Sonia , Vita Gianluca , Berardinelli Angela , Mongini Tiziana , Pini Antonella , Pane Marika , Mercuri Eugenio , Hoffman Eric P. , Morgenroth Lauren , Gordish-Dressman Heather , Duong Tina , McDonald Craig M. , Bello Luca , Pegoraro Elena 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGenetic modifiers of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are variants located in genes different from the disease-causing gene DMD, but associated with differences in disease onset, progression, or response to treatment. Modifiers described so far have been tested mainly for associations with ambulatory function, while their effect on upper limb function, which is especially relevant for quality of life and independence in non-ambulatory patients, is unknown. We tested genotypes at several known modifier loci (SPP1, LTBP4, CD40, ACTN3) for association with Performance Upper Limb version 1.2 score in an Italian multicenter cohort, and with Brooke scale score in the Cooperative International Neuromuscular Group Duchenne Natural History Study (CINRG-DNHS), using generalized estimating equation (GEE) models of longitudinally collected data, with age and glucocorticoid treatment as covariates. CD40 rs1883832, previously linked to earlier loss of ambulation, emerged as a modifier of upper limb function, negatively affecting shoulder and distal domains of PUL (p = 0.023 and 0.018, respectively) in the Italian cohort, as well as of Brooke score (p = 0.018) in the CINRG-DNHS. These findings will be useful for the design and interpretation of clinical trials in DMD, especially for non-ambulatory populations.
Train timetabling with passenger data and heterogeneous rolling stocks circulation on urban rail transit line
Authors: Yuhua Yang , Marcella Samà , Dario Pacciarelli , Shaoquan Ni 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe planning process in urban rail transportation can be split into several stages, including line planning, timetabling, rolling stock scheduling and so on. The outcome of a stage provides inputs or constraints to the subsequent ones. However, while the output can be good or optimal at each stage, it rarely considers the global quality for the overall planning process. Furthermore, problems tackled at planning phase often use a more aggregate representation of reality, to achieve a more general overview. An integrated approach, while more complex to solve, may mitigate the gap between solution of different stages and a validation of a plan would still be required before its implementation in practice. In this paper, we focus on integrated optimization of train timetabling and rolling stock circulation for urban rail transit line with time-based origin-destination-dependent passenger travel demand and heterogeneous rolling stocks. The aim is to generate a comfortable timetable for passengers and an efficient timetable for operators. The objective is to minimize the total waiting time for passengers and the costs for operators, while constraints regarding train movements, passenger boarding and alighting, available rolling stocks and their capacity are considered. A mixed integer linear programming model is formulated and solved by an iterative programming approach. Computational experiments are performed on the Chongqing Rail Transit Line 2 to verify the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed model and solving method. With respect to CPLEX, results show the proposed iterative programming approach has advantages both on computation time and solution quality.
Spatial-temporal attention-based convolutional network with text and numerical information for stock price prediction
Authors: Lin Chin-Teng , Wang Yu-Ka , Huang Pei-Lun , Shi Ye , Chang Yu-Cheng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn the financial market, the stock price prediction is a challenging task which is influenced by many factors. These factors include economic change, politics and global events that are usually recorded in text format, such as the daily news. Therefore, we assume that real-world text information can be used to forecast stock market activity. However, only a few works considered both text and numerical information to predict or analyse stock trends. These works used preprocessed text features as the model inputs; therefore, latent information in text may be lost because the relationships between the text and stock price are not considered. In this paper, we propose a fusion network, i.e. a spatial-temporal attention-based convolutional network (STACN) that can leverage the advantages of an attention mechanism, a convolutional neural network and long short-term memory to extract text and numerical information for stock price prediction. Benefiting from the utilisation of an attention mechanism, reliable text features that are highly relevant to stock value can be extracted, which improves the overall model performance. The experimental results on real-world stock data demonstrate that our STACN model and training scheme can handle both text and numerical data and achieve high accuracy on stock regression tasks. The STACN is compared with CNNs and LSTMs with different settings, e.g. a CNN with only stock data, a CNN with only news titles and LSTMs with only stock data. CNNs considering only stock data and news titles have mean squared errors of 28.3935 and 0.1814, respectively. The accuracy of LSTMs is 0.0763. The STACN can achieve an accuracy of 0.0304, outperforming CNNs and LSTMs in stock regression tasks.
A quasiconformal Hopf soap bubble theorem
Authors: Gálvez José A. , Mira Pablo , Tassi Marcos P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe show that any compact surface of genus zero in $${\mathbb {R}}^3$$

R

3

that satisfies a quasiconformal inequality between its principal curvatures is a round sphere. This solves an old open problem by H. Hopf, and gives a spherical version of Simon’s quasiconformal Bernstein theorem. The result generalizes, among others, Hopf’s theorem for constant mean curvature spheres, the classification of round spheres as the only compact elliptic Weingarten surfaces of genus zero, and the uniqueness theorem for ovaloids by Han, Nadirashvili and Yuan. The proof relies on the Bers-Nirenberg representation of solutions to linear elliptic equations with discontinuous coefficients.
Existence of minimizers for causal variational principles on compact subsets of momentum space in the homogeneous setting
Authors: Langer Christoph 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe prove the existence of minimizers for the causal action in the class of negative definite measures on compact subsets of momentum space in the homogeneous setting under several side conditions (constraints). The method is to employ Prohorov’s theorem. Given a minimizing sequence of negative definite measures, we show that, under suitable side conditions, a unitarily equivalent subsequence thereof is bounded. By restricting attention to compact subsets, from Prohorov’s theorem we deduce the existence of minimizers in the class of negative definite measures.
Indeterminacy estimates, eigenfunctions and lower bounds on Wasserstein distances
Authors: De Ponti Nicolò , Farinelli Sara 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn the paper we prove two inequalities in the setting of $$\mathsf {RCD}(K,\infty )$$

RCD
(
K
,
∞
)

spaces using similar techniques. The first one is an indeterminacy estimate involving the p-Wasserstein distance between the positive part and the negative part of an $$L^{\infty }$$

L
∞

function and the measure of the interface between the positive part and the negative part. The second one is a conjectured lower bound on the p-Wasserstein distance between the positive and negative parts of a Laplace eigenfunction.
Granuloma anulare bei Kindern: eine seltene Läsion
Authors: Beqo Besiana P. , Tschauner Sebastian , Gasparella Paolo , Brcic Iva , Singer Georg , Till Holger , Haxhija Emir Q. 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Granuloma anulare (GA) ist eine seltene, gutartige, selbstlimitierende granulomatöse Erkrankung des kutanen und subkutanen Gewebes, die in verschiedenen Varianten vorkommt und alle Altersgruppen betrifft. Die lokalisierte Variante des GA ist durch Pappeln mit typischem ringförmigem Aussehen gekennzeichnet und ist insbesondere für einen Dermatologen leicht zu diagnostizieren. Die subkutane Form des GA tritt fast exklusiv im Kindesalter auf und findet sich auf gut exponierten, dem Trauma leicht zugänglichen Körperstellen, wie Schienbeinvorderseite, ulnare Unterarmseite, Schädel, Hände und Füße. Diese Läsionen können nach einigen Monaten verschwinden oder auch jahrelang verbleiben. Es werden im Rahmen der Abklärung unterschiedliche bildgebende Verfahren angewendet und letztendlich wird zur Diagnosesicherung oft auch die Chirurgie benötigt, wie im folgenden Fallbeispiel illustriert wird. Die Erstvorstellung eines Mädchens erfolgte im Alter von 3,5 Jahren aufgrund einer seit 2 Monaten nach einem Sturz aufgetretenen prätibialen Schwellung rechts. Aufgrund der derben Konsistenz der schmerzlosen Vorwölbung wurden eine Röntgenaufnahme, eine Ultraschalluntersuchung und ein Magnetresonanztomogramm in Narkose durchgeführt, die allesamt eine unspezifische epifasziale subkutane Weichteilläsion zeigten. Eine weiterführende Biopsie in Narkose ergab die Diagnose des subkutanen GA. Im weiteren Verlauf entwickelte das Mädchen in den nächsten 10 Jahren noch mehrere subkutane und kutane GA-Läsionen, die sich allesamt von selbst zurückbildeten. Bei subkutanen Läsionen an den für das subkutane GA typischen Stellen, insbesondere prätibial, sollte es möglich sein, dass diese Diagnose klinisch vermutet wird und den Patienten somit ein chirurgischer Eingriff zur Diagnosesicherung in der Regel erspart bleibt.
Influence of water content on the basic friction angle of porous limestones—experimental study using an automated tilting table
Authors: Rabat Á. , Tomás R. , Cano M. , Pérez-Rey I. , Siles J. S. , Alejano L. R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAn accurate evaluation of the shear strength of discontinuities is frequently a key aspect for determining the safety of mining and civil engineering works and for solving instability issues at rock mass scale. This is usually done by using empirical shear strength criteria in which the basic friction angle (φb) is a relevant input parameter. Tilt testing is probably the most widespread method to obtain the φb due to its simplicity and low cost, but previous research has demonstrated that the results are strongly affected by several factors (e.g. surface finishing, cutting speed, specimen geometry, wear, time and rock type). In this connection, despite it is well known that water significantly reduces the mechanical properties of sedimentary rocks, very scarce research has focused on assessing the impact of the variations in water content on tilt test results. With the aim to fill this gap, saw-cut slabs of three limestone lithotypes were tilt tested in dry state, wet condition (fully water saturated, non-submerged samples) and under exposure to an environmental relative humidity (RH) of 90%. The results revealed that full water saturation caused moderate φb reductions in two lithotypes and a φb increase in one lithotype. This can be explained by their different microstructure and mineralogy, which makes that lubrication effect prevails over suction effect or vice versa. However, the exposure to a high RH environment did not cause significant φb variations. In addition, some important considerations related to tilt testing are provided and discussed, such as the intrinsic variability of the sliding angle (β) and the impact of multiple sliding on the same rock surfaces on β.
Individual recognition and long-term memory of inanimate interactive agents and humans in dogs
Authors: Abdai Judit , Bartus Dalma , Kraus Sylvain , Gedai Zsuzsanna , Laczi Beatrix , Miklósi Ádám 
Published: May 2022

AbstractInvestigation of individual recognition (IR) is difficult due to the lack of proper control of cues and previous experiences of subjects. Utilization of artificial agents (Unidentified Moving Objects: UMOs) may offer a better approach than using conspecifics or humans as partners. In Experiment 1, we investigated whether dogs are able to develop IR of UMOs (that is stable for at least 24 h) or that they only retain a more generalised memory about them. The UMO helped dogs to obtain an unreachable ball and played with them. One day, one week or one month later, we tested whether dogs display specific behaviour toward the familiar UMO over unfamiliar ones (four-way choice test). Dogs were also re-tested in the same helping context and playing interaction. Subjects did not approach the familiar UMO sooner than the others; however, they gazed at the familiar UMO earlier during re-testing of the problem solving task, irrespectively of the delay. In Experiment 2, we repeated the same procedure with human partners, applying a two-way choice test after a week delay, to study whether lack of IR was specific to the UMO. Dogs did not approach the familiar human sooner than the unfamiliar, but they gazed at the familiar partner earlier during re-testing. Thus, dogs do not seem to recognise an individual UMO or human after a short experience, but they remember the interaction with the novel partner in general, even after a long delay. We suggest that dogs need more experience with a specific social partner for the development of long-term memory.
Pelvic floor physical therapy in patients with chronic anal fissure: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: van Reijn-Baggen Daniëlle A. , Elzevier Henk W. , Putter H. , Pelger Rob C. M. , Han-Geurts Ingrid J. M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
A chronic anal fissure is a common, painful condition with great impact on daily life. The exact pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated and treatment varies. A large percentage of patients experience pelvic floor dysfunction (dyssynergia and increased pelvic floor muscle tone). The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of pelvic floor physical therapy in patients with chronic anal fissure.

Methods
Between December 2018 and July 2021, at the Proctos Clinic in the Netherlands, patients with chronic anal fissure and pelvic floor dysfunction were randomly assigned to an intervention group, receiving 8 weeks of pelvic floor physical therapy including electromyographic biofeedback or assigned to a control group receiving postponed pelvic floor physical therapy. The primary outcome was muscle tone at rest during electromyographic registration of the pelvic floor before and after pelvic floor physical therapy. Secondary outcomes contained healing of the fissure, pain ratings, improvement of pelvic floor function, and complaint reduction measured with a proctology-specific patient-reported outcome measurement. Endpoints were measured at 8- and 20-week follow-up.

Results
One hundred forty patients were included in the study, 68 men (48.6%) and 72 women (51.4%) with a mean age of 44.5 ± 11.1 (range 19–79) years. Mean resting electromyographic values of the pelvic floor in the intervention group significantly improved from pre- to post-treatment (p < 0.001) and relative to controls (mean estimated difference between groups − 1.88 µV; 95% CI, − 2.49 to − 1.27 (p < 0.001) at first follow-up and remained significant from baseline at 20-week follow-up (p < 0.001). The intervention group performed better compared to the control group on all secondary outcomes, i.e., healing of the fissure (55.7% of the patients vs 21.4% in control, pain ratings (p < 0.001), diminished dyssynergia (p < 0.001), complaint reduction (p < 0.001), and decrease of pelvic floor muscle tone (p < 0.05) at first follow-up.

Conclusions
The findings of this study provide strong evidence that pelvic floor physical therapy is effective in patients with chronic anal fissure and pelvic floor dysfunction and supports its recommendation as adjuvant treatment besides regular conservative treatment.
Asset allocation of Australian superannuation funds: a markov regime switching approach
Authors: Bissoondoyal-Bheenick Emawtee , Brooks Robert , Do Hung 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe extend an observable Markov Regime Switching framework to assess the switching behaviour of asset classes of Australian superannuation funds across different fund sizes. We identify the most prominent asset class which contributes to the performance of the investment options and what factors trigger funds’ decisions on rebalancing their portfolio. We find that smaller funds tend to be more active in switching to aggressive options and the larger funds are more conservative. However, in periods of volatility, the large funds are the risk seekers and tend to switch their asset classes and hence their investment strategies. The asset classes whose values add to the performance of the investment options are equity markets and bond markets with the domestic equity market having better performance than international equity market. The switch for the larger funds is driven by volatility of the equity market.
Cross-talk between the microbiome and chronic inflammation in esophageal cancer: potential driver of oncogenesis
Authors: Sharma Tarang , Gupta Ashna , Chauhan Ravi , Bhat Ajaz A. , Nisar Sabah , Hashem Sheema , Akhtar Sabah , Ahmad Aamir , Haris Mohammad , Singh Mayank , Uddin Shahab 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEsophageal cancer (EC) is frequently considered a lethal malignancy and is often identified at a later stage. It is one of the major causes of cancer-related deaths globally. The conventional treatment methods like chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery offer limited efficacy and poor clinical outcome with a less than 25% 5-year survival rate. The poor prognosis of EC persists despite the growth in the development of diagnostic and therapeutic modalities to treat EC. This underlines the need to elucidate the complex molecular mechanisms that drive esophageal oncogenesis. Apart from the role of the tumor microenvironment and its structural and cellular components in tumorigenesis, mounting evidence points towards the involvement of the esophageal microbiome, inflammation, and their cross-talk in promoting esophageal cancer. The current review summarizes recent research that delineates the underlying molecular mechanisms by which the microbiota and inflammation promote the pathophysiology of esophageal cancer, thus unraveling targets for potential therapeutic intervention.
Horizontal transmission and expression of Epichloë typhina in orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata)
Authors: Merlet Léa , Dombrowski James E. , Bushman B. Shaun , Gilmore Barbara S. , Rivedal Hannah M. , Martin Ruth C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractChoke disease, which is caused by Epichloë typhina, was first reported in orchardgrass seed production fields in the Willamette Valley, Oregon in 1997 and has continued to persist in the system. The disease can cause up to 30% losses in seed yield. Unlike many Epichloë species that are seed transmitted, it is unclear how infection of orchardgrass by E. typhina occurs in the field, or how the disease spreads within plants. In this study, the overall incidence of choke on trap plants placed in a choke-infested field was 41% in 2018 and 9% in 2019. Similar incidence of infection occurred when exposed before (39%) or after (43%) swathing in 2018. Contrary to our hypothesis, plants sprayed with an artificial honeydew had a significantly lower incidence of infection (32%) when compared to the controls (48%). An examination of the spread of E. typhina within tillering plants revealed that development of infected tillers was greater than development of uninfected tillers, which could contribute to the gradual increase in choke in fields over time. These studies contribute to a better understanding of how choke is spread within plants and in orchardgrass seed production fields, which is an important step towards developing control methods to reduce choke in orchardgrass seed production fields.
From ECHo-1k to ECHo-100k:Optimization of High-Resolution Metallic Magnetic Calorimeters with Embedded 163Ho for Neutrino Mass Determination
Authors: Griedel M. , Mantegazzini F. , Barth A. , Bruer E. , Holzmann W. , Hammann R. , Hengstler D. , Kovac N. , Velte C. , Wickenhäuser T. , Fleischmann A. , Enss C. , Gastaldo L. , Dorrer H. , Kieck T. , Kneip N. , Düllmann Ch. E. , Wendt K. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe ECHo experiment aims at determining the effective electron neutrino mass by analyzing the endpoint of the 163Ho electron capture spectrum. High energy resolution detectors with a well-tailored detector response are the essential ingredient for the success of the ECHo experiment. Metallic magnetic calorimeter arrays enclosing 163Ho have been chosen for the ECHo experiment. The first MMC array, ECHo-1k, showed excellent performances with an average energy resolution of 5.5 eV FWHM @ 5.9 keV. Based on the results obtained with the ECHo-1k array, optimization studies have paved the way towards a new detector design for the next experimental phase, ECHo-100k. The ECHo-100k chip features an optimized single pixel design to improve the detector performance as well as an upgraded on-chip thermalization layout. The newly fabricated ECHo-100k detectors have been fully characterized at room temperature, at 4 K and at millikelvin temperature. The obtained results show that the ECHo-100k array achieved the expected performance with an average energy resolution of 3.5 eV FWHM @ 5.9 keV, fulfilling the requirements for the ECHo-100k experimental phase.
Teaching writing in primary education (grades 1–6) in Australia: a national survey
Authors: de Abreu Malpique Anabela , Valcan Debora , Pino-Pasternak Deborah , Ledger Susan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractProviding adequate writing instruction and practice in schools is an essential cornerstone of writing development and it affords a diagnostic approach for teachers. But what writing instruction is being practiced in Australian primary schools? The aim of this study was to survey a sample of teachers (n = 310) about their instructional practices for writing and their preparation and self-efficacy to teach writing. The majority of the teachers surveyed indicated they allocated on average less than three hours per week for writing practice in their classrooms, with findings further showing a large variability in the frequency of writing practice ranging from 15 min to 7.5 h per week. Findings suggested an emphasis placed on teaching foundational skills, such as spelling, over the teaching of process skills, such as planning and revising. Results further indicated that less emphasis is placed on teaching handwriting and typing. The majority of participating teachers reported implementing only six of the 20 different instructional practices included in the survey on a weekly basis, with school-home strategies being the least frequently reported strategies to foster students’ writing development. Most teachers expressed positive beliefs about their preparation and self-efficacy for teaching writing. Results from multiple regression analysis showed that preparation and self-efficacy for teaching writing significantly and statistically accounted for variability in using evidence-based practices, teaching foundational skills, and teaching process skills. However, only self-efficacy made a statically significant contribution to predicting strategies to extend writing to the home environment. Implications for teaching and recommendations for research are provided.