bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiomics predicts the EGFR mutation and subtypes in metastatic lung adenocarcinoma: a multi-center study
Authors: Cao Ran , Dong Yue , Wang Huan , Wang Hongbo , Zhao Peng , Luo Yahong , Jiang Wenyan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the use of multiparameter MRI-based radiomics in the in-depth prediction of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation and subtypes based on the spinal metastasis in patients with primary lung adenocarcinoma.Methods: A primary cohort was conducted with 257 patients who pathologically confirmed spinal bone metastasis from the first center between Feb. 2016 and Oct. 2020. An external cohort was developed with 42 patents from the second center between Apr. 2017 and Jun. 2021. All patients underwent sagittal T1-weighted imaging (T1W) and sagittal fat-suppressed T2-weight imaging (T2FS) MRI imaging. Radiomics features were extracted and selected to build radiomics signatures (RSs). Machine learning classify with 5-fold cross-validation were used to establish radiomics models for predicting the EGFR mutation and subtypes. Clinical characteristics were analyzed with Mann-Whitney U and Chi-Square tests to identify the most important factors. Nomogram models were developed integrating the RSs and important clinical factors.Results: The RSs derived from T1W showed better performance for predicting the EGFR mutation and subtypes compared with those from T2FS in terms of AUC, accuracy and specificity. The nomogram models integrating RSs from combination of the two MRI sequences and important clinical factors achieved the best prediction capabilities in the training (AUCs, EGFR vs. Exon 19 vs. Exon 21, 0.829 vs. 0.885 vs.0.919), internal validation (AUCs, EGFR vs. Exon 19 vs. Exon 21, 0.760 vs. 0.777 vs.0.811), external validation (AUCs, EGFR vs. Exon 19 vs. Exon 21, 0.780 vs. 0.846 vs.0.818). DCA curves indicated potential clinical values of the radiomics models.Conclusions: This study indicated potentials of multi-parametric MRI-based radiomics to assess the EGFR mutation and subtypes. The proposed clinical-radiomics nomogram models can be considered as non-invasive tools to assist clinicians in making individual treatment plans.
Time-varying Comprehensive Evaluation Technology of CNC Machine Tool RMS Based on Improved ADC Model
Authors: Li YuLong , Liu Shengquan , Li Junfa , Li Donglong , Zhang Genbao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The quality of CNC (computer numerical control) machine tool is the key to the survival of manufacturing enterprises. How to comprehensively and accurately evaluate and analyze its quality is very important for the timely discovery and improvement of machine tool defects. The current research either only evaluates and analyzes a certain quality characteristic of CNC machine tool, or ignores the dynamic nature of CNC machine tool quality parameters, which reduces the accuracy of quality analysis results. To address this problem, firstly, reliability, maintainability and supportability were taken as the comprehensive evaluation indexes of CNC machine tool quality characteristics, so as to improve the comprehensiveness of the analysis. Secondly, on the basis of considering the dynamic characteristics of machine tool reliability, the ADC (availability, dependability, capability) model was improved to obtain a comprehensive quality evaluation index function E RMS with time-varying characteristics. Finally, the characteristics of E RMS were analyzed, and its specific evaluation criteria were also given. Several CNC machine tools were tracked, and the method proposed in this paper was applied. The E RMS of the machine tools was obtained, and its characteristics were analyzed. The results verify the correctness of the proposed method, and provide theoretical basis and technical support for the improvement of the quality of CNC machine tool and the market competitiveness of manufacturing enterprises.
Selenium-enriched and ordinary black teas regulate the metabolism of glucose and lipid and intestinal flora of hyperglycemic mice
Authors: Shang Lutong , Li Fanglan , Zhu Jiangxiong , Sun Chuanwen , Wang Yuanfeng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Black tea is one of the six major tea categories and has a variety of bioactivities. However, little is known about its comprehensive evaluation of hypoglycemic effects and potential mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the in vivo hypoglycemic activity and potential mechanism for aqueous extracts of ordinary black tea (BT) and selenium-enriched black tea (Se-BT) by using an established high-fat diet together with streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic mouse model. Additionally, we also explored their α-glucosidase inhibition activity. The results show that both BT and Se-BT had a favorable glycosidase inhibitory activity. Moreover, the intervention of BT and Se-BT could regulate the mRNA expression and the level of serum parameters related to glucose and lipid metabolisms. Accordingly, they could activate the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway and alleviate insulin resistance (IR) and hyperglycemia. Moreover, supplementation of BT and Se-BT increased the richness and diversity of intestinal flora and altered the abundance of beneficial and harmful bacteria. Both BT and Se-BT could regulate glucose metabolism, alleviate tissue damage, and restore intestinal flora dysbiosis, suggesting that they could be used as a natural functional food for preventing hyperglycemia.
Identification of a homozygous mutation in the ABHD5 gene in two non-consanguineous Iranian-Azari Turkish families with Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome
Authors: Saei Hassan , Jabbarpour Neda , Radmehr Afsaneh , Bonyadi Mortaza 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Chanarin-Dorfman Syndrome (CDS) is a rare autosomal recessive type of Non-bullous Congenital Ichthyosiform Erythroderma (NCIE) caused by mutations in the ABHD5. Methods: Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on a 4-year-old boy born to a non- consanguineous marriage. This boy had developed skin dryness and scaling. Two other individuals from a related family with non-consanguineous marriage also shared the same clinical manifestations. DNAs were extracted from the blood samples of all the three affected individuals and subjected to PCR-Sanger sequencing to confirm the WES results. Results: WES data analysis identified a single nucleotide (C) insertion at the position of 594 (c.594dup) at exon 4 of the ABHD5 gene in homozygous state. This mutation, disturbing the vital domain (α/β hydrolase fold domain) of the encoded protein and also not being observed in our control population nor being reported in any other population database, is classified as a pathogenic mutation. PCR-Sanger sequencing data analysis confirmed the WES result and also showed that the two other affected individuals carried the same mutation in homozygous state. Parents were carriers for the mutation. Conclusions: An insertion (c.594dup) mutation resulting in a frameshift and creating an early stop codon at the ABHD5 gene and ultimately removing an essential domain of the encoded protein, is associated with dry skin, hepatomegaly, subsequent elevations in liver enzymes, and the buildup of lipid vacuoles in white blood cells. Observed different clinical manifestations in two studied-family members could be due to modifier genes and/or the gender impact.
Herbivory promotes more negative plant-soil feedbacks particularly for legumes and forbs
Authors: Kelsey Scott , Malacrinò Antonino , Marrero Matthew , Snyder Karen , Alabyadh Wed , Bingman James , Borrero Isabella , Chappidi Chandu , Darling Danielle , Fulton Vannessa , Harris Kristian , Huynh Christine , Lin Xin , Moore Brianna , Roach Bryan , Heinze Johannes , Bennett Alison 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose Plant-soil feedbacks and herbivory impact plant growth. We conducted a meta-analysis to test for an interaction between plant-soil feedbacks and herbivory, including effects on the magnitude and direction of feedbacks and the biomass or growth of herbivores. Methods Our literature search identified 244 studies to address our first question about herbivore impacts on plant-soil feedbacks as well as 179 studies to address our second question about plant-soil impacts on herbivores. We developed a database, calculated plant-soil feedback values for each study, then calculated Hedge’s D values for 1) the difference in plant-soil feedback values with and without herbivory for plants, and 2) the difference between home and away soils for insects. Results We found an overall significant weak negative effect of herbivory on plantsoil feedbacks, and effects differed between plant functional type. In legumes herbivory changed the outcome of plant-soil feedbacks from positive to negative, in forbs it further decreased negative feedbacks, and grasses were unaffected. We also found soil preconditioned in the lab produced consistently negative feedbacks whereas there was no significant change for soil preconditioned in the field. By contrast, there was no significant overall effect of plant-soil feedbacks on herbivores. Conclusion This first meta-analysis of the impact of herbivores on plant-soil feedbacks and vice versa identified an important potential role of plant functional type in determining the impact of conditioned soil on the magnitude and direction of feedbacks as well as some clear gaps that need to be addressed experimentally.
Safety of online MR-based adaptive ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy for prostate cancer in China: Preliminary analysis of data from a phase II trial
Authors: Lu Ning-Ning , Han Su-Jun , Tian Yuan , Qin Shi-Rui , Guan You-Yan , Wang Dong , Xiao Ze-Jun , Shou Jian-Zhong , Xiao Zhen-Dong , Song Song-Wen , Xia Wen-Long , Yan Ling-Ling , Xing Nian-Zeng , Li Ye-Xiong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of online adapt-to-shape (ATS) workflow for prostate cancer patients on 1.5-T MR linac in China. Methods This prospective phase II study enrolled patients with localized or oligometastatic prostate cancer. Ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy (UHF-RT) with dose of 36.25-40 Gy in five fractions was delivered every other day. After each fraction, feasibility and tolerability of the treatment were assessed. The primary endpoints were acute grade 2 or above genitourinary (GU) and gastrointestinal (GI) toxicities after up to 12 weeks follow-up.Results From March 2021 to November 2021, 26 patients were enrolled (23 with localized prostate cancer, 3 with oligometastatic prostate cancer). For all fractions, the online ATS plans met the dose criteria for both the target volume and normal tissues. The median on-couch time was 55 (34-95) minutes and 39 (24-50) minutes with T2WI 6-minute sequence and 2-minute sequence scans, respectively. For 98.4% fractions, treatment was well tolerated. Twenty-four patients completed treatment and were followed-up for at least 2 weeks. Grade 2 or above GU and GI toxicities occurred in 33.3% and 8.3% patients, respectively; two patients had RTOG grade 3 GU toxicity (hourly nocturia). IPSS remained unchanged during UHF-RT, increased from week 2 (mean, 9.1) to week 4 (mean, 12.4), and then gradually decreased at week 6. Patient-reported urinary and bowel scores were consistent with IPSS.Conclusions UHF-RT with ATS workflow is well tolerated by patients with localized and oligometastatic prostate cancer, with only moderate GU and mild GI toxicities. Trial Registration: NCT05183074, ChiCTR2000033382
Patients’ Attitudes Towards Robotic Gynaecological Surgery
Authors: Ismail Aemn , McDermott Hilary , Moss Esther 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Robotic gynaecological surgery (RS) has become established in many countries, however has been reported to be associated with feelings of apprehension and anxiety pre-operatively in a proportion of patients. Objectives: To investigate patients’ understanding and perceptions towards RS and to explore whether age, ethnicity and educational background influenced attitudes.Methods: A qualitative study involving semi-structured interviews of patients who had undergone RS for a gynaecological condition. Purposeful sampling was used to obtain views from a wide demographic range. Interviews were audio-recorded and continued until data saturation. Results: The majority of participants reported very little knowledge of RS. Younger participants were more prepared to accept new technology compared to older patients. Many participants stated that written pre-operative information leaflets did not adequately describe the robotic set up and procedure, leading to anxiety and information seeking from alternative sources. The use of videos or models to visually demonstrate how the surgery would be performed and the interaction between the surgeon and the robot were proposed to address patients’ pre-operative information needs.Conclusion: This study gives a detailed insight as to how RS is perceived by patients and the impact of age and educational background on attitudes towards the introduction of new technology in surgery. It also provides an understanding of patients' information needs before RS.
Bile Microbiome in Patients with Recurrent Common Bile Duct Stones and correlation with the Duodenal Microbiome
Authors: Lee Jungnam , Park Jin-Seok , Bae Jaewoong , Lee Sohee , Hwang Yeonju 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundCholedocholithiasis is highly prevalent in western populations, and stone recurrence is a common late adverse event after ERCP in patients with common bile duct (CBD) stones. Previous studies have reported that the recurrence rate of bile duct stones ranges from 4 to 24%. In this preliminary study, we compared the bile fluid and duodenum microbial profiles of patients with or without recurrent CBD stones to identify risk factors associated with recurrence. MethodsBile fluid samples of 47 consecutive patients who underwent ERCP for biliary diseases were subjected to microbiome analysis. Nineteen patients were stone recurrent (SR), and 28 patients were non-stone recurrent (NSR). Paired samples (duodenum biopsy tissue and bile fluid samples) from 5 SR patients were used to compare microbiome compositions in the biliary system and duodenum. In addition, we compared the microbiome compositions of these duodenal tissue samples with those 12 controls (gastric ulcer patients without recurrent CBD stones).ResultsPatient baseline characteristics were similar in the SR and NSR groups. Enterococcaceae_unclassified and enterococcus were more abundant in bile fluid in the SR group than in the NSR group (p=0.002 and p=0.003, respectively). A comparison of the microbiome compositions of duodenum tissue and bile fluid samples of the 5 recurrent CBD stone patients revealed proteobacteria compositions were almost identical from the phylum to genus level. In these 5 patients, alpha and beta diversities were no different in bile fluid and duodenal tissues. Furthermore, a comparison of the microbiome compositions of duodenal mucosa in patients with recurrent CBD stone patients (n=5) and controls (n=12) revealed significant differences between microbiome compositions.ConclusionsEnterococcus seems to contribute to CBD stone development. Furthermore, our results indicate retrograde migration of the duodenal microbiome may contribute to bile microbiome alterations. We recommend that more research be conducted to confirm this hypothesis.
Learning from Citation: Interpretable Patent Valuation via Conditional Variational Autoencoder
Authors: Kuo Chuan-Wei , Chen Bo-Yu , Hung Chih-Chieh , Peng Wen-Chih , Su Hsin-Ning 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Patent value prediction is one of the most fundamental components in many applications for knowledge value retrieval. It is important in medical and high-tech fields and crucial in commercial legal proceedings. Since the patent citation relationship has been proven to be one of the most critical factors affecting the value of a patent. Hence, extracting such a citation relationship becomes an essential process. However, extracting the citation relationship between patent documents is still challenging because patent relationship updates frequently. This paper embeds the citation relationship from the patent's Cross Relationship Network (CRN) via the Conditional Variational Autoencoder (CVAE) into prediction tasks. This is the first attempt to leverage the deep generative model to extract a patent's citation relationship into a patent valuation prediction task. Moreover, we also design an interpretable mechanism to judge the goodness. Our approach shows a significant positive effect on refining the prediction of patent value and can enormously assist the Intellectual Property (IP) valuation. We also demonstrate the importance of utilizing patent CRN for extracting the citation relationship. After verifying real-world data, our proposed method shows outstanding results in valuing the newly granted patents by prediction models. In addition, the code and dataset employed in this research will be available to the research community.
Exploring Household medicine waste in Iraq
Authors: Al-Jalehawi Ahmad , Al-Zidan Radhwan Nidal , Al-Mahmood Sumayah , Azeez Ali , Fakhreldin Laith 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to explore household medicine wastes and their storage and disposal behavior in Iraq. This is a cross-sectional study conducted through an online questionnaire. Method: This is a cross-sectional study using an online form. The study collected data on the demographic of precipitants, the quantity and class of medication wastes, and the method of eliminating and discarding behaviors in Iraq. Results: A total of 742 house reports were included. There were 22,072 waste items in total. Paracetamol was the highest medication wasted (10.7%) product. The overall number of expired medications was 5332, with anti-infectives accounting for the biggest share (10.4 %). The majority of the expired drugs (78.1 %) were discarded in the garbage, whereas (61.7 %) of non-expired wastes are retained for future use. Among the various potential factors evaluated as a source of waste and expired drugs, 21.9 % were attributed to patient improvement. Regarding the storage sites, the refrigerator was the primary location. Conclusion: In conclusion, there is a large volume of domestic pharmaceutical waste which discarded in unplanned and harmful ways.
Long-term (11+ years) efficacy of sleeve gastrectomy as a stand-alone bariatric procedure: a single center retrospective observational study
Authors: Kehagias Ioannis , Bellou Aggeliki , Kehagias Dimitrios , Markopoulos George , Amanatidis Theofilos , Alexandrou Andreas , Albanopoulos Konstantinos , Lampropoulos Charalampos 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is currently the most commonly performed bariatric procedure worldwide. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the long-term efficacy of SG as a stand-alone bariatric procedure.Methods: A single center retrospective analysis of 104 patients who underwent SG as a stand-alone bariatric procedure between January 2005 and December 2009. Weight loss, weight regain, remission or improvement of comorbidities, and the new onset of comorbidities were the main outcomes of the study.Results: At a mean follow-up of 13.4 years, % excess body weight loss (%EBWL), % excess BMI loss (%EBMIL) and % total body weight loss (%TBWL) were 59 ± 25, 69 ± 29 and 29 ± 12, respectively. Approximately two third of patients (67.3%) maintained an %EBWL of > 50 at the last follow-up. The percentage of patients who experienced significant weight regain ranged from 47% to 64%, depending on the definition used for weight regain. The rate of improvement or remission of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, obstructive sleep apnea and degenerative joint disease at a mean follow-up of 13.4 years was 40%, 94.7%, 70%, 100% and 42.9%, respectively. The new onset of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in the same period was 43%.Conclusion: Our data support that SG results in long-lasting weight loss in the majority of patients and acceptable rates of remission or improvement of comorbidities. Weight regain and GERD may be issues of particular concern during long-term follow-up after SG.
The population of Zambia: past, present and future
Authors: Moyo Nkuye , Nanyangwe-Moyo Tina , Mapoma Chabila C. , Munkombwe Brain , Phiri Million , Banda Andrew , Wu Jilei , Qiao Xiaochun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe population size, age structure, and the changes thereof have significant effects on a country’s social, economic and political dispensation. Understanding future fertility and mortality trends is key in forecasting future population patterns and levels; an outcome crucial for planning for the changing population age structure, economic and social needs as well as the geopolitical space. In this paper, we used fertility, mortality and migration forecasts from expert opinions to project the population of Zambia from the year 2015 to 2060 and consequently discuss what this may mean in terms of implications both for population programming and policy changes.MethodsIn order to project Zambia’s future population size, PADIS INT, a deterministic modelling tool capable of supporting multi-scenario and multi-group forecasts with extensive horizons was used. Projections were split into three variant-based scenarios, which included – a reference scenario also called medium, alternative scenarios (plunge and enhanced) – based on the rate of change of fertility, mortality and migration. Results The medium scenario projects the population growth rate at 2% per annum in 2060, a drop of about 0.8% percentage points from the 2015 growth rate. The medium variant shows further that the population will reach a high of 49.4 million people in 2060 representing a 2.1 times increase in population size from the base of 16.1 million people in 2015. Our findings also indicate a shifting age structure in the medium scenario from 3% to 6% of the population age 65 years and above. Overall dependency ratio will reduce from 92% to 61% while old age dependency will increase from 5.8% to 9.7% between 2015 and 2060. TFR would reduce from 4.8 in 2020 to 3.2 in 2060 and RNI from 29% to 20% during the same time interval. The medium scenario projects that a bit more people are likely to leave Zambia with a net migration of 62 persons per 100,000 population in 2020 and 43 persons per 100,000 population in 2060. ConclusionsThese results show that while the population will increase significantly for the period in question, fertility will continue to reduce; these results are consistent in both the reference and alternative scenarios. These results may be indicative of improvements in female education attainment, female participation in remunerable work, as well as better sexual and reproductive health and rights. Continued population growth has other several policy implications for the social, economic and political development of Zambia. Such population projections as conducted in this paper ideally supplement conventional data collection processes necessary for national development planning and policy space adjustment.