bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbon stable isotope analysis of amino acids and glucose - A new technique to study the nutrient flow in host-parasite systems.
Authors: Hesse Tobias , Nachev Milen , Khaliq Shaista , Jochmann Maik A. , Franke Frederik , Scharsack Jörn P. , Kurtz Joachim , Sures Bernd , Schmidt Torsten C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Stable isotope analysis of individual compounds is emerging as a powerful tool to study nutrient origin and conversion in host-parasite systems. We measured the carbon isotope composition of amino acids and glucose in the cestode Schistocephalus solidus and in liver and muscle tissues of its second intermediate host, the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), over the course of 90 days in a controlled infection experiment. Similar linear regressions of δ13C values over time and low trophic fractionation of essential amino acids indicate that the parasite assimilates nutrients from sources closely connected to the liver metabolism of its host. Biosynthesis of glucose in the parasite might occur from the glucogenic precursors alanine, asparagine and glutamine and with an isotope fractionation of -2 to -3‰ from enzymatic reactions, while trophic fractionation of glycine, serine and threonine could be interpreted as extensive nutrient conversion to fuel parasitic growth through one-carbon metabolism. Trophic fractionation of amino acids between sticklebacks and their diets was slightly increased in infected compared to uninfected individuals, which could be caused by increased (immune)metabolic activities due to parasitic infection. Our results show that compound-specific stable isotope analysis has unique opportunities to study host and parasite physiology.
Applicability of Noninteger Bessel Type Orbital Basis Sets: Numerical and Analytical Approaches
Authors: Coşkun M. , Ertürk M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Recently, usefulness of the noninteger principal quantum numbers for Bessel type orbitals was discussed by Weniger [1]. In this study, we analyzed the applicability and numerical accuracy of basis sets of noninteger Bessel type orbitals to electronic structure calculations. Both numerical and analytical approaches are applied to two-electron atomic systems. The results of the numerical test demonstrated the potential of the noninteger values of principal quantum number for the improving of Bessel type functions approach in use of LCAO methods. Nevertheless, the analytical approach is still not suitable and in development and needs to be investigated further. The performance of the presented basis functions is also compared to the numerical Hartree–Fock results.
The Organization of Frontostriatal Brain Wiring in Non-Affective Early Psychosis Compared with Healthy Subjects Using a Novel Diffusion Imaging Fiber Cluster Analysis
Authors: Levitt James , Zhang Fan , Vangel Mark , Nestor Paul , Rathi Yogesh , Cetin-Karayumak Suheyla , Kubicki Marek , Coleman Michael , Lewandowski Kathryn , Holt Daphne , Keshavan Matcheri , Ongur Dost , Breier Alan , Shenton Martha , O'Donnell Lauren 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground Alterations in brain connectivity may underlie neuropsychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia. We here assessed the degree of convergence of frontostriatal fiber projections in 56 young adult healthy controls (HCs) and 108 matched Early Psychosis-Non-Affective patients (EP-NAs) using our novel fiber cluster analysis of whole brain diffusion magnetic resonance imaging tractography. Methods Using whole brain tractography and our fiber clustering methodology on harmonized diffusion magnetic resonance imaging data from the Human Connectome Project for Early Psychosis we identified 17 white matter fiber clusters that connect frontal cortex (FC) and caudate (Cd) per hemisphere in each group. To quantify the degree of convergence and, hence, topographical relationship of these fiber clusters, we measured the inter-cluster mean distances between the endpoints of the fiber clusters at the level of the FC and of the Cd, respectively. Results We found 1) in both groups, bilaterally, a non-linear relationship, yielding convex curves, between FC and Cd distances for FC-Cd connecting fiber clusters, driven by a cluster projecting from inferior frontal gyrus; however, in the right hemisphere, the convex curve was more flattened in EP-NAs; 2) that cluster pairs in the right (p = 0.03), but not left (p = 0.13), hemisphere were significantly more convergent in HCs vs EP-NAs; 3) in both groups, bilaterally, similar clusters projected significantly convergently to the Cd; and, 4) a significant group by fiber cluster pair interaction for 2 right hemisphere fiber clusters (numbers 5, 11; p = .00023; p = .00023) originating in selective PFC subregions. Conclusions In both groups, we found the FC-Cd wiring pattern deviated from a strictly topographic relationship and that similar clusters projected significantly more convergently to the Cd. Interestingly, we also found a significantly more convergent pattern of connectivity in HCs in the right hemisphere and that 2 clusters from PFC subregions in the right hemisphere significantly differed in their pattern of connectivity between groups.
Path integration deficits with phosphorylated tau accumulation in the entorhinal cortex in mice and humans
Authors: Koike Riki , Soeda Yoshiyuki , Kasai Atsushi , Fujioka Yusuke , Ishigaki Shinsuke , Yamanaka Akihiro , Takaichi Yuta , Chambers James K. , Uchida Kazuyuki , Watanabe Hirohisa , Takashima Akihiko 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating disease that is accompanied by dementia, and its incidence increases with age. However, no interventions have exhibited clear therapeutic effects. We aimed to develop and characterize behavioral tasks that allow the earlier identification of signs preceding dementia that would facilitate the development of preventative and therapeutic interventions for AD.
Method
To this end, we developed a 3D virtual reality task sensitive to the activity of grid cells in the entorhinal cortex, which is the region that first exhibits neurofibrillary tangles in AD. We investigated path integration (assessed by error distance) in a spatial navigation task sensitive to grid cells in the entorhinal cortex in 177 volunteers without dementia between 20 and 89 years old.
Results
In each age group, the percentage of subjects showing impaired path integration correlated with the percentage of subjects showing neurofibrillary tangles in the entorhinal cortex (based on previously published autopsy data) (correlation coefficient = 0.96). To confirm the underlying mechanisms, we investigated a tauopathy mouse model (P301S mutant tau-overexpressing mice; PS19 mice) at 6 months of age, which showed a noticeable accumulation of phosphorylated tau only in the entorhinal cortex, associated with impaired path integration without impairments in spatial cognition or novel object recognition.
Conclusion
These data suggest that path integration deficit is caused by the accumulation of phosphorylated tau in the entorhinal cortex. This method may allow the early identification of individuals who are likely to develop AD.
An insight into the essential role of carbohydrate-binding modules in enzymolysis of xanthan
Authors: Ni Xin , Fu Tong , Wang Xueyan , Yu Zhimin , Zhao Jingjing , Li Xianzhen , Yang Fan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
To date, due to the low accessibility of enzymes to xanthan substrates, the enzymolysis of xanthan remains deficient, which hinders the industrial production of functional oligoxanthan. To enhance the enzymatic affinity against xanthan, the essential role of two carbohydrate binding modules MiCBMx and PspCBM84, respectively derived from Microbacterium sp. XT11 and Paenibacillus sp. 62047, in catalytic properties of endotype xanthanase MiXen were investigated for the first time. Basic characterizations and kinetic parameters of different recombinants revealed that, compared with MiCBMx, PspCBM84 dramatically increased the thermostability of endotype xanthanase, and endowed the enzyme with higher substrate affinity and catalytic efficiency. Notably, the activity of endotype xanthanase was increased by 16 times after being fused with PspCBM84. In addition, the presence of both two CBMs obviously enabled endotype xanthanase to produce more oligoxanthan, and xanthan digests prepared by MiXen-CBM84 showed better antioxidant activity due to the higher content of active oligosaccharides. The results of this work lay a foundation for the rational design of endotype xanthanase and the industrial production of oligoxanthan in the future.
Can we predict neurological complications in patients with metastatic spinal tumors?
Authors: Shin Hee Tae , Bae Cho Rong , Lee Joon Hee , Chee Choong Guen , Jeon Jae Yong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to identify predictors of the occurrence and severity of neurological symptoms in patients with metastatic spinal tumor who still had no neurological symptoms.
Methods
We retrospectively examined patients with metastatic spinal tumor (regardless of tumor type) who visited the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine between 2017 and 2021. Using the patients’ magnetic resonance imaging and clinical data, we investigated whether epidural spinal cord compression (ESCC) scale, spinal instability neoplastic score (SINS), and pain character were related to the occurrence and severity of neurological symptoms within 1 year.
Results
Of the 70 included patients, 40 showed neurological symptoms, and 30 did not. Multivariable analysis showed that ESCC (2 or 3) (P = 0.002), SINS (P = 0.007), and radiating pain (P = 0.015) were associated with neurological complications. None of the factors was associated with neurological symptom severity. Notably, neurological symptoms progressed rapidly in patients with high ESCC (P = 0.003).
Conclusion
ESCC, SINS, and radiating pain were related to the occurrence of neurological symptoms, but not to severity. Only ESCC was associated with the rapid progression of neurological symptoms. This retrospective study provides useful insights in predicting a patient's functional prognosis and determining management using radiology and clinical data.
An anonymous and fair auction system based on blockchain
Authors: Ye Zongli. , Chen Chin-Ling , Weng Wei , Sun Hongyu , Tsaur Woei-Jiunn , Deng Yong-Yuan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Transaction volumes are growing rapidly, demonstrating how well-liked online auctions are with shoppers. Bidders can access a wider variety of products and sellers can reach a larger audience through online auction platforms. However, privacy concerns have reduced users' trust in auction platforms, and difficult disputes have caused consumers to question the fairness of online auctions, negatively impacting the market growth. The emergence of blockchain technology has brought a new approach to solving these problems. Blockchain is a new generation of information technology that is decentralized, transparent, traceable, anti-tampering, and unforgeable, following big data, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence. In this paper, we present a blockchain-based online auction solution as well as an auction protocol that uses ring signatures to guarantee anonymity. Three features summarize this essay: (1) Making use of blockchain technology to ensure that the auction transaction process is transparent, traceable, tamper-proof, and unforgeable. (2) The ring signature-based anonymous auction protocol allows for the concealment of bidders' public keys in a group of public keys. Because malicious individuals are prevented from evaluating data by tracking numerous transactions of a single public key, this significantly protects the privacy of bidders. (3) The proposed scheme promotes auction fairness and effectively resolves disputes.
Species traits and invasion history as predictors of freshwater fish’s invasion success in Europe
Authors: Marcolin Fabio , Branco Paulo , Santos José Maria , Reino Luís , Santana Joana , Ribeiro Joana , Segurado Pedro 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Despite the growing literature on the topic of freshwater fish invasion, few studies employed a comprehensive analysis of the stages characterizing the invasion process (i.e. invasion pathway), thereby demanding a deeper knowledge to avoid incomplete and unbiased conclusions and give support to adequate management strategies. The aim of the present study was to provide a complete analysis of the species traits and invasion history leading an alien freshwater fish species to successfully pass through the invasion pathway stages in European river basins. To predict how likely a freshwater fish species moves from each stage of the invasion pathway - release, establishment, spread and impact - to the next one, Generalized Linear Mixed Models were run, using as predictors 23 functional and ecological species traits, and seven variables describing introduction history for 127 established alien freshwater fish species in Europe. Results showed that the release and spread stages were primarily driven by variables related to the invasion history (i.e. the type and number of causes of introduction). The establishment stage was mainly driven by functional and ecological traits, while the impactstage was driven both by functional and ecological traits and invasion history. By identifying the main drivers of alien species success at a given invasion stage, this study provides scientific knowledge to design target management actions to specific stages of the invasion thus contributing to control their populations more effectively.
Chronic myeloid leukemia: A qualitative interview study exploring disease impact from patient and practitioner perspectives
Authors: Hewison Ann , Roman Eve , Smith Alexandra , McCaughan Dorothy , Sheridan Rebecca , Patmore Russell , Atkin Karl , Howell Debra 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeImprovements in chronic myeloid leukaemia treatment mean it is now relevant to examine the experiences of living with this cancer over a lifetime. This qualitative study aimed to investigate the impact of chronic myeloid leukaemia, from patient and healthcare practitioner perspectives.MethodsThe research was set within the UK’s Haematological Malignancy Research Network; a population-based cohort of patients newly diagnosed with blood cancer, treated at one of fourteen hospitals. Purposive sampling led to interviews with seventeen patients and thirteen health care practitioners. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsTwo analytical themes, “Significant impact of disease and treatment” and “Mediators of the impact of disease and treatment”, were derived from patient interviews, and supported with data from practitioners. Chronic myeloid leukaemia was described by patients as having significant and widespread impact, which could be mediated by their knowledge, social support networks, and the quality of healthcare systems. Practitioners reflected patient accounts, but could underestimate the impact of this cancer. They generally viewed chronic myeloid leukaemia as less complex, severe and impactful than acute blood cancers; a message that reassured patients at diagnosis, but could later unintentionally contribute to difficulties discussing side effects and struggles to cope.ConclusionChronic myeloid leukaemia may significantly impact individuals, particularly as it is experienced over the lifetime. Greater understanding and discussion of the breadth and extent to which patients are affected, including potential mediators, could enhance clinical care.
Novel eco-friendly bio-nanocomposite including metal ferrites nanoparticles from hemp biomass: Its thermal, optical, magnetic, electrolytic conductivity and catalytic properties
Authors: Coşkun Ramazan , Delibaş Ali , Karanfil Devlet Yeter 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
It has become increasingly popular in recent years to create improved functionalized nanomaterials in an effort to enhance their physicochemical, catalytic, and biological capabilities. In this study, eco-friendly, especially water dispersible bio-nanocomposites containing metal ferrite, MFe2O4 (M: Cu, Ni, Cd, Mn and Co) nanoparticle were synthesized low-cost method from hemp biomass and characterized by ATR-FTIR, XRD, SEM, TEM (STEM), EDX, VSM, Uv-Vis and TG/DTG analyses. The variation of their ionic conductivity with temperature and concentration and also their catalytic effects against cationic dyes such as methylene blue (MB), crystal violet (CrV) and malachite green oxalate (MGO) were investigated. XRD patterns and FTIR spectra of the AHB-MFe2O4, especially the stretching of Fe-O and M-O, showed the formation of metal ferrite bio-nanocomposites. Also, interaction between the biomass and metal ferrite nanoparticles was obviously seen from XRD patterns and FTIR spectra of the AHB-MFe2O4. It was determined that AHB-MFe2O4 bio-nanocomposites have high thermal stability, high ionic conductivity and negative surface charge. Moreover, they exhibited high catalytic performance against cationic dyes such as MB, CrV and MGO.
Competent Radiogenomics Features for the Prediction of glioma Mutations
Authors: Tarek Alaa , Rady Sherine , Badr Nagwa 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Glioma is a type of brain tumor, mostly diagnosed through biopsy or surgery. The prediction of glioma is still challenging to offer the required accurate solution for the diagnosis process. The challenge lies more at the edge of finding a solid feature representation rather than employing well-tuned classifiers. This paper proposes a solution to improve glioma prediction and diagnosis by proposing a rich combination of radiomic and genomic features. A novel feature extraction mechanism is proposed relying on the triple combination CNN-GLCM-DWT for MRI images and PCA for the genomics data. Several classical and deep learning classifiers are trained on the data. The proposed feature extraction is tested for validation on a dataset of 422 patients with low- or high-grade gliomas to predict three mutation statuses. Experiments prove the competency of the proposed mechanism when trained with an SVM classifier, which achieves high accuracy values of 97.5%, 96%, and 92% for the three mutations IDH1 mutation status, 1p/19q codeletion, and MGMT promotor methylation status, respectively. CNN as a deep learning method comes second with accuracy values of 95%,94.2%, and 88%, while the Random Forest comes last with values of87.5%, 80.7%, and 76%. Compared to existing related works that apply a single feature extraction method, the proposed triple combination CNN-GLCM-DWT feature extraction excels in classification accuracyfor the three mutation types by approximately 3.7%, 3.3%, and 10% inaccuracy. It is faster in average classification time by approximately 50%.
Performance enhancement of UAV-FSO communication links with pointing errors
Authors: Hayal Mohammed R. , Elsayed Ebrahim E. , Kakati Dhiman , Singh Mehtab , Alfikky Abdelrahman A. , Boghdady Ayman I. , Grover Amit 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates and enhances unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) relay-assisted free-space optical (FSO) communication under the effects of pointing errors (PEs) and atmospheric turbulences. The incorporation of UAVs as buffer-aided moving relays in the conventional FSO (CFSO) relay-assisted systems is proposed for enhancing the performance of PEs through AT. Using M-PSK (phase shift keying) and M-QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation), the impact of PEs on transmission quality is evaluated in this work. We examine and enhance the symbol error rate, outage probability (OP), and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for the UAV-to-ground station-based FSO communications systems. The spatial diversity-based relay-assisted CFSO systems can enhance the performance of the UAV-UAV FSO links. Numerical results show that to achieve a bit-error-rate (BER) of ≤10-5, the required SNR is ≥ 23 dB when the wind variance of the UAVs 𝜎𝛼2 increases from 0 to 7 mrad with FSO link distance L = 2000 m. The required SNR is ≥ 25 dB when the wind variance 𝜎𝛼2 is 1 mrad at a OP of 10-6. To obtain an average BER of 10−6, the SNR should be 16.23 dB, 17.64 dB, and 21.45 dB when 𝜎𝛼2 is 0 mrad, 1 mrad, and 2 mrad, respectively. Using 8-PSK modulation without PEs requires 23.5 dB at BER of 10-8 while 16-QAM without PEs requires 26.5 dB to maintain the same BER of 10-8. Compared with 16-QAM without PEs, the SNR gain of 8-PSK without PEs is 3 dB.
Carbon fiber fabrics functionalized with monoclinic CuO nanostructures using seed-assisted hydrothermal growth treatment
Authors: rai Ravi shankar , bajpai Vivek 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The woven carbon fibers (WCF) fabrics were functionalized by growing CuO nanostructures using Seed-assisted hydrothermal technique. The effective growth of CuO nanostructures on surface hydrolyzed WCF samples were achieved by seeding followed by the growth treatment in the prepared precursor solution. The impact of hydrothermal process parameters such as number of seeding cycles, duration of growth treatment and molar concentration of growth solution were studied by performing 96 set of experiments with three repetitions. In this work detailed analysis of structural, morphological, and elemental attributes of the CuO-coated WCF fabrics samples have been done. The WCF fabrics were uniformly coated with monoclinic CuO nanostructures having nanopellets, nanoflakes, nanowires, and nanoflowers morphologies by adjusting the seed-assisted hydrothermal process parameters. A field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) study, energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis, X-ray diffraction study, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study, TGA thermograms and FT-IR spectroscopy techniques were used to study different attributes of CuO-modified WCF samples. The number of seeding treatments and the length of the growth treatment had a significant impact on the growth of CuO nanostructures on WCF. The detailed analysis exhibits that the developed CuO-modified WCF samples may enhance interfacial surface area, bonding capacity and reduce void content by allowing nanostructures to cross-link together and with polymer matrix while fabricating composite materials.
Finding The Potential Accepted Answer On Stack Overflow: a Text Mining Approach
Authors: Tehrani Masoud Jamshidiyan , Arjomand Parham 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Stack Overflow has been the first website developers look for to find their answers. Many questions asked on Stack Overflow has several answers but doesn’t have an accepted answer. This leaves all the answers untrustworthy and makes people doubt their correctness. In these scenarios, mostly the questioner hasn’t found their desired answer. But, in some cases, the questioner either somehow forgets to mark an answer as the accepted answer or just doesn’t know how to do so. This causes people with the same question to lose their trust in the existing unaccepted answers and spend more time searching online for the solution.
Aim: We aim to improve Stack Overflow by detecting the potential solution to questions with no accepted answers. Specifically, our proposed method looks through all submitted answers and marks one as the potential solution. This helps the questioner find and Stack Overflow to suggest the best answer.
Method: In this paper, we used text mining to extract 13 different features from 15464 questions, 37275 answers, and 72025 comments of Stack Overflow posts and then learned them by machine learning models and predicted if an answer is the accepted answer or not. This approach only used English texts from a post.
Results: Our method resulted best with the Adaboost ensemble model with 71% accuracy and 70% F1-score. The results show this problem can be addressed and Stack Overflow posts can be learned by machine learning and lead us to find the best answer.