bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changing trends in the incidence, management and outcomes of coronary artery perforation over an 11-year period: single-centre experience
Authors: Umar Hamza , Sharma Harish , Osheiba Mohammed , Roy Ashwin , Ludman Peter F , Townend Jonathan N , Nadir M Adnan , Doshi Sagar N , George Sudhakar , Zaphiriou Alex , Khan Sohail Q 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionCoronary artery perforation (CP) is a rare but life-threatening complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This study aimed to assess the incidence, management and outcomes of CP over time.MethodsA single-centre retrospective cohort study of all PCIs performed between January 2010 and December 2020. Patients with CP were divided into two cohorts (A+B), representing the two halves of the 11-year study.ResultsThe incidence of CP was 68 of 9701 (0.7%), with an increasing trend over the two 5.5-year periods studied (24 of 4661 (0.5%) vs 44 of 5040 (0.9%); p=0.035). Factors associated with CP included chronic total occlusions (CTOs) (16 of 68 (24%) vs 993 of 9633 (10%); p<0.001), type C lesions (44 of 68 (65%) vs 4280 of 9633 (44%); p<0.001), use of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) (12 of 68 (18%) vs 541 of 9633 (6%); p<0.001), cutting balloon angioplasty (3 of 68 (4%) vs 98 of 9633 (1%); p<0.001) and hydrophilic wires (24 of 68 (35%) vs 1454 of 9633 (15%); p<0.001). Cohorts A and B were well matched with respect to age (69±11 vs 70±12 years; p=0.843), sex (males: 13 of 24 (54%) vs 31 of 44 (70%); p=0.179) and renal function (chronic kidney disease: 1 of 24 (4%) vs 4 of 44 (9%); p=0.457). In cohort A, CP was most frequently caused by post-dilatation with non-compliant balloons (10 of 24 (42%); p=0.009); whereas in cohort B, common causes included guidewire exits (23 of 44 (52%)), followed by stent implantation (10 of 44 (23%)). The most common treatment modality in cohorts A and B was balloon inflation, which accounted for 16 of 24 (67%) and 13 of 44 (30%), respectively. The use of covered stents (16%) and coronary coils (18%) during cohort B study period did not impact all-cause mortality, which occurred in 2 of 24 (8%) and 7 of 44 (16%) (p=0.378) in cohorts A and B, respectively.ConclusionThe incidence of CP is increasing as more complex PCI is performed. Factors associated with perforation include CTO or type C lesions and use of IVUS, cutting balloon angioplasty or hydrophilic wires.
Particle physics and cosmology of the string derived no-scale flipped SU(5)
Authors: Antoniadis I. , Nanopoulos D. V. , Rizos J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn a recent paper, we identified a cosmological sector of a flipped SU(5) model derived in the free fermionic formulation of the heterotic superstring, containing the inflaton and the goldstino superfields with a superpotential leading to Starobinsky type inflation, while $$SU(5){\times }U(1)$$

S
U
(
5
)
×
U
(
1
)

is still unbroken. Here, we study the properties and phenomenology of the vacuum after the end of inflation, where the gauge group is broken to the Standard Model. We identify a set of vacuum expectation values, triggered by the breaking of an anomalous $$U(1)_A$$

U

(
1
)

A

gauge symmetry at roughly an order of magnitude below the string scale, that solve the F and D-flatness supersymmetric conditions up to 6th order in the superpotential which is explicitly computed, leading to a successful particle phenomenology. In particular, all extra colour triplets become superheavy guaranteeing observable proton stability, while the Higgs doublet mass matrix has a massless pair eigenstate with realistic hierarchical Yukawa couplings to quarks and leptons. The supersymmetry breaking scale is constrained to be high, consistent with the non observation of supersymmetry signals at the LHC.
The continuous-time quantum walk on some graphs based on the view of quantum probability
Authors: Han Qi , Kou Yaxin , Bai Ning , Wang Huan 
Published: April 2022

In this paper, continuous-time quantum walk is discussed based on the view of quantum probability, i.e. the quantum decomposition of the adjacency matrix A of graph. Regard adjacency matrix A as Hamiltonian which is a real symmetric matrix with elements 0 or 1, so we regard [Formula: see text] as an unbiased evolution operator, which is related to the calculation of probability amplitude. Combining the quantum decomposition and spectral distribution [Formula: see text] of adjacency matrix A, we calculate the probability amplitude reaching each stratum in continuous-time quantum walk on complete bipartite graphs, finite two-dimensional lattices, binary tree, [Formula: see text]-ary tree and [Formula: see text]-fold star power [Formula: see text]. Of course, this method is also suitable for studying some other graphs, such as growing graphs, hypercube graphs and so on, in addition, the applicability of this method is also explained.
Secure equitability in graphs
Authors: Muthusubramanian L. , Sundareswaran R. , Swaminathan V. 
Published: April 2022

In secure domination [A. P. Burger, M. A. Henning and J. H. Van Vuuren, Vertex covers and secure domination in graphs, Quaest Math. 31 (2008) 163–171; E. J. Cockayne, Irredundance, secure domination and maximum degree in trees, Discrete Math. 307(1) (2007) 12–17; E. J. Cockayne, O. Favaron and C. M. Mynhardt, Secure domination, weak Roman domination and forbidden subgraph, Bull. Inst. Combin. Appl. 39 (2003) 87–100; C. M. Mynhardt, H. C. Swart and E. Ungerer, Excellent trees and secure domination, Util. Math. 67 (2005) 255–267], a vertex outside has the chance of coming inside the dominating set by replacing an element of the set without affecting domination. This idea is combined with equitability. Secure equitable dominating set is introduced and studied. Other concepts like independence and rigid security are also studied in this paper.
In situ
thermal remediation application in South Africa: a case study incorporating sustainable remediation principles
Authors: Moller Nadine , Baldock James , McKeown Steve , Nel Marica 
Published: April 2022

This paper presents a case study of the first instance in South Africa where
in situ
thermal remediation (ISTR) was undertaken. The project, completed during 2020 and 2021, is located in Cape Town. The ‘site’ is a former printing facility located in a multistorey building adjacent to an upgradient service station. Petroleum hydrocarbon impacts, identified in subsurface soil and groundwater, originated from leaking underground fuel storage tanks at this service station.

Following a sustainability-based options appraisal, ISTR with steam used as the heating source was selected as the most appropriate remedial technology. Based on Environmental Resources Management's (ERM's) international and local expertise, this solution was implemented after due consideration of the site's geological characteristics, the properties of the contaminants of concern and the client's goals of rapidly achieving a risk-based remediation solution.
This solution was enhanced by the identification and incorporation, where feasible, of sustainable management practices (SMPs) in the system design and operational phases. Particular focus was placed on resource consumption and the use of alternative power sources, such as reduction of water and energy and the use of biofuel. Other SMPs incorporated into the system's operational phase included temperature tracking to optimize steam usage, which has been successfully applied by ERM at previously completed ISTR sites in other countries.
Key lessons learnt from the ISTR application at this site were that the energy source and use, combined with the optimization of water consumption, could be more widely applied to improve the sustainability of ISTR, not only in South Africa but also in other sites worldwide.

Supplementary material:
Details of sustainable remediation assessments are available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5965339
.

Thematic collection:
This article is part of the Sustainability in Engineering Geology & Hydrogeology collection available at:
https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/sustainability-in-engineering-geology-and-hydrogeology
Proof transfer for fast certification of multiple approximate neural networks
Authors: Ugare Shubham , Singh Gagandeep , Misailovic Sasa 
Published: April 2022

Developers of machine learning applications often apply post-training neural network optimizations, such as quantization and pruning, that approximate a neural network to speed up inference and reduce energy consumption, while maintaining high accuracy and robustness.
Despite a recent surge in techniques for the robustness verification of neural networks, a major limitation of almost all state-of-the-art approaches is that the verification needs to be run from scratch every time the network is even slightly modified. Running precise end-to-end verification from scratch for every new network is expensive and impractical in many scenarios that use or compare multiple approximate network versions, and the robustness of all the networks needs to be verified efficiently.
We present FANC, the first general technique for transferring proofs between a given network and its multiple approximate versions without compromising verifier precision. To reuse the proofs obtained when verifying the original network, FANC generates a set of templates – connected symbolic shapes at intermediate layers of the original network – that capture the proof of the property to be verified. We present novel algorithms for generating and transforming templates that generalize to a broad range of approximate networks and reduce the verification cost.

We present a comprehensive evaluation demonstrating the effectiveness of our approach. We consider a diverse set of networks obtained by applying popular approximation techniques such as quantization and pruning on fully-connected and convolutional architectures and verify their robustness against different adversarial attacks such as adversarial patches,
L
0
, rotation and brightening. Our results indicate that FANC can significantly speed up verification with state-of-the-art verifier, DeepZ by up to 4.1x.
Elipmoc: advanced decompilation of Ethereum smart contracts
Authors: Grech Neville , Lagouvardos Sifis , Tsatiris Ilias , Smaragdakis Yannis 
Published: April 2022

Smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain greatly benefit from cutting-edge analysis techniques and pose significant challenges. A primary challenge is the extremely low-level representation of deployed contracts. We present Elipmoc, a decompiler for the next generation of smart contract analyses. Elipmoc is an evolution of Gigahorse, the top research decompiler, dramatically improving over it and over other state-of-the-art tools, by employing several high-precision techniques and making them scalable. Among these techniques are a new kind of context sensitivity (termed “transactional sensitivity”) that provides a more effective static abstraction of distinct dynamic executions; a path-sensitive (yet scalable, through path merging) algorithm for inference of function arguments and returns; and a fully context sensitive private function reconstruction process. As a result, smart contract security analyses and reverse-engineering tools built on top of Elipmoc achieve high scalability, precision and completeness.
Elipmoc improves over all notable past decompilers, including its predecessor, Gigahorse, and the state-of-the-art industrial tool, Panoramix, integrated into the primary Ethereum blockchain explorer, Etherscan. Elipmoc produces decompiled contracts with fully resolved operands at a rate of 99.5% (compared to 62.8% for Gigahorse), and achieves much higher completeness in code decompilation than Panoramix—e.g., up to 67% more coverage of external call statements—while being over 5x faster. Elipmoc has been the enabler for recent (independent) discoveries of several exploitable vulnerabilities on popular protocols, over funds in the many millions of dollars.
Am I a Resource-Poor Language? Data Sets, Embeddings, Models and Analysis for four different NLP Tasks in Telugu Language
Authors: Marreddy Mounika , Oota Subba Reddy , Vakada Lakshmi Sireesha , Chinni Venkata Charan , Mamidi Radhika 
Published: April 2022

Due to the lack of a large annotated corpus, many resource-poor Indian languages struggle to reap the benefits of recent deep feature representations in
Natural Language Processing (NLP)
. Moreover, adopting existing language models trained on large English corpora for Indian languages is often limited by data availability, rich morphological variation, syntax, and semantic differences. In this paper, we explore the traditional to recent efficient representations to overcome the challenges of a low resource language, Telugu. In particular, our main objective is to mitigate the low-resource problem for Telugu. Overall, we present several contributions to a resource-poor language viz. Telugu. (i) a large annotated data (35,142 sentences in each task) for multiple NLP tasks such as sentiment analysis, emotion identification, hate-speech detection, and sarcasm detection, (ii) we create different lexicons for sentiment, emotion, and hate-speech for improving the efficiency of the models, (iii) pretrained word and sentence embeddings, and (iv) different pretrained language models for Telugu such as
ELMo-Te
,
BERT-Te
,
RoBERTa-Te
,
ALBERT-Te
, and
DistilBERT-Te
on a large Telugu corpus consisting of 8,015,588 sentences (1,637,408 sentences from Telugu Wikipedia and 6,378,180 sentences crawled from different Telugu websites). Further, we show that these representations significantly improve the performance of four NLP tasks and present the benchmark results for Telugu. We argue that our pretrained embeddings are competitive or better than the existing multilingual pretrained models:
mBERT
,
XLM-R
, and
IndicBERT
. Lastly, the fine-tuning of pretrained models show higher performance than linear probing results on four NLP tasks with the following F1-scores: Sentiment (68.72), Emotion (58.04), Hate-Speech (64.27), and Sarcasm (77.93). We also experiment on publicly available Telugu datasets (Named Entity Recognition, Article Genre Classification, and Sentiment Analysis) and find that our Telugu pretrained language models (
BERT-Te
and
RoBERTa-Te
) outperform the state-of-the-art system except for the sentiment task. We open-source our corpus, four different datasets, lexicons, embeddings, and code https://github.com/Cha14ran/DREAM-T. The pretrained Transformer models for Telugu are available at https://huggingface.co/ltrctelugu.
Molecular Pathways and Mechanisms of BRAF in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Poulikakos Poulikos I. , Sullivan Ryan J. , Yaeger Rona 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
With the identification of activating mutations in BRAF across a wide variety of malignancies, substantial effort was placed in designing safe and effective therapeutic strategies to target BRAF. These efforts have led to the development and regulatory approval of three BRAF inhibitors as well as five combinations of a BRAF inhibitor plus an additional agent(s) to manage cancer such as melanoma, non–small cell lung cancer, anaplastic thyroid cancer, and colorectal cancer. To date, each regimen is effective only in patients with tumors harboring BRAFV600 mutations and the duration of benefit is often short-lived. Further limitations preventing optimal management of BRAF-mutant malignancies are that treatments of non-V600 BRAF mutations have been less profound and combination therapy is likely necessary to overcome resistance mechanisms, but multi-drug regimens are often too toxic. With the emergence of a deeper understanding of how BRAF mutations signal through the RAS/MAPK pathway, newer RAF inhibitors are being developed that may be more effective and potentially safer and more rational combination therapies are being tested in the clinic. In this review, we identify the mechanics of RAF signaling through the RAS/MAPK pathway, present existing data on single-agent and combination RAF targeting efforts, describe emerging combinations, summarize the toxicity of the various agents in clinical testing, and speculate as to where the field may be headed.
Checklist of the birds of Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil: diversity and conservation
Authors: Nunes Alessandro Pacheco , Straube Fernando Costa , Posso Sérgio Roberto , Laps Rudi Ricardo , Vasconcelos Marcelo Ferreira de , Hoffmann Diego , Morante-Filho José Carlos , Donatelli Reginaldo José , Ragusa-Netto José , Faxina Claudenice , Godoi Maurício Neves , Urben-Filho Alberto , Castro Sáuria Lúcia Rocha de , Lopes Edson Varga , Anjos Luiz dos , Tomas Walfrido Moraes , Mendonça Luciana Baza , Silva Paulo Antonio , Pivatto Maria Antonietta de Castro , Costacurta Marco de Barros , Melo Alyson Vieira de , Hass Adriani , Braz Vívian da Silva , Módena Érica de Souza , Freitas Gabriel Oliveira de , Souza Rafael Augusto Ducel de , Benites Maristela , Mamede Simone , Menq Willian 
Published: April 2022

Several phytogeographic regions (Cerrado, Pantanal, Atlantic Forest, Gran Chaco, and Chiquitano Dry Forests) converge in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, and influence regional biodiversity. Despite a list of birds in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul being published by Nunes et al. (2017), it is necessary to update and critically review avifauna records. In this study, we gathered the results of several records obtained from species lists and online data platforms of the 336 sites in this state over the last decades and grouped them into Main (Primary and Secondary) and Tertiary Lists. The avifauna of Mato Grosso do Sul is composed of 678 species, of which 643 (95%) have records proving their occurrence (Primary List), whereas 34 still lack documentation (Secondary List). The number of related species for Mato Grosso do Sul represents 34% of the Brazilian avifauna. Some species stand out for their unique occurrence in Mato Grosso do Sul, such as Melanerpes cactorum, Celeus lugubris, Phaethornis subochraceus, and Cantorchilus guarayanus, reflecting the influence of different phytogeographic regions of the Chaco and Chiquitano Dry Forests. Migrants represent 20% of the bird community occurring in the state, of which 93 species correspond to migrants from various regions of South America (south and west) and 40 to boreal migrants. Thirty-three species perform nomadic movements across the Pantanal Plain and other regions of the state. Thirty-one species are included in some conservation-threatened categories of global and/or national endangered species lists. Other 30 species are included in the near-threatened category at the global level and 23 at the national level. In addition, species typical of dry forests (in Serra da Bodoquena and Maciço do Urucum) and those from the Atlantic Forest in the south of the state deserve attention due to their restricted distribution and the high anthropogenic pressure on their habitat.
Active Sets for Explicitly Constrained Evolutionary Optimization
Authors: Spettel Patrick , Ba Zehao , Arnold Dirk V. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Active-set approaches are commonly used in algorithms for constrained numerical optimization. We propose that active-set techniques can beneficially be employed for evolutionary black-box optimization with explicit constraints and present an active-set evolution strategy. We experimentally evaluate its performance relative to those of several algorithms for constrained optimization and find that the active-set evolution strategy compares favourably for the problem set under consideration.
Putative white-naped mangabey (Cercocebus lunulatus) × olive baboon (Papio anubis) hybrids from Comoé National Park in Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Matsuda Goodwin Reiko , Galat-Luong Anh , Galat Gérard 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We report the presence of at least one putative hybrid monkey, white-naped mangabey (Cercocebus lunulatus) × olive baboon (Papio anubis), at Comoé National Park (CNP) in north-eastern Côte d’Ivoire. C. lunulatus and P. anubis belong to two separate clades within the African Papionini (Papionina), which is known to display a complex pattern of evolutionary history involving ancient and recent hybridization. CNP is a bushy savanna-dominated protected area home to 12–13 primate species. Only about 9–11 % of the land cover is forest. C. lunulatus is an Endangered species while P. anubis is a Least Concern species. While conducting a reconnaissance survey on June 23, 2019, the first author observed and photographed a mangabey-baboon hybrid-like juvenile male monkey (2019A). At the same area where 2019A was photographed, a camera trap (CT) captured a video of a hybrid-like juvenile male monkey (2021B) on January 14, 2021, and another nearby CT captured a video of a slightly older hybrid-like juvenile male monkey (2021C) on May 23, 2021. Because there are reported cases of hybrids in captivity that occurred between the members of the two separate clades of the Papionini, the discovery of such intergeneric hybrids in the wild would not be surprising. We examine the idiosyncratic features of the putative hybrids and discuss the implication for conservation and future directions for research, considering the potential interacting factors that may lead to intergeneric hybridization. Specifically, to assess genetic population structure within C. lunulatus and P. anubis and to clarify the degree of gene flow among the two species, collecting biological matter from the putative hybrids, mangabeys, and baboons is necessary. Also, to elucidate the circumstances that might have stimulated hybridization, examining changes that might have occurred in the two species’ ecology and demography is essential.
UN-Backed Hybrid Criminal Tribunals (hcts): Viable Options in International Criminal Justice?
Authors: Pérez-Léon-Acevedo Juan-Pablo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Although the UN-Security Council established the International Criminal Tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda, UN-international criminal tribunals were not replicated. The UN instead directly participated in creating hcts such as the Special Court for Sierra Leone, the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia, and the Special Tribunal for Lebanon. Thus, this article seeks to determine whether UN-backed hcts constitute viable options in international criminal justice. These tribunals may be viable options if they are adequately implemented. Particularly when compared to UN-international criminal tribunals, reasons for their viability include their closer proximity to or larger impact on national societies, less costly work, shorter proceedings, and flexible mandates adapted to each context. Nevertheless, their viability depends on whether they can handle challenges concerning coordination between their international and national components, funding limitations, security issues, relationship with international criminal tribunals (especially the International Criminal Court), and relationship with national institutions.
Beyond Duterte: Conceptualizing a Research Agenda of Populism Research in the Philippines
Authors: Pernia Ronald A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article is an attempt to carve out a research agenda for an enriched populism research in the Philippines. Specifically, it analyzes journal articles drawn from academic database collections, examines its domains of publication, and core analytical approaches. Then, it situated these studies within the broader landscape of the Philippine political scholarship. The results suggest a thriving and flourishing populism research in the Philippines. Yet, it also suffers from the same theoretical and empirical obscurities that typifies global research on populism. The article contends that future Philippine populism studies must (a) adhere to a minimalist theoretical anchor, (b) be methodologically pluralistic and innovative, and (c) be thematically grounded on a host of other significant domains of Philippine politics that go beyond Duterte. Ultimately, the article urges prospective scholars to strongly engage with these arguments and suggested line of political inquiries in order to refine the scholarly enterprise of populism in the country.