bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive factors of posterior corneal shift after small incision lenticule extraction: a 5‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Cao Huazheng , Zhang Lin , Liang Shuang , Chen Xuan , Jhanji Vishal , Wang Yan 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTPurposeThe aim of this study was to determine risk factors affecting changes in posterior corneal elevation (PCE) and predict the 5‐year stability after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).MethodsThis retrospective, longitudinal study enrolled 161 patients post‐SMILE. The PCE values were measured at the apex, thinnest, maximal and 24 other prespecified preoperative points and at 6 months, 1 year and 5 years postoperatively.ResultsPosterior corneas exhibited time‐dependent, region‐dependent and angle‐dependent changes. For every dioptre increase in the absolute preoperative spherical equivalent (SE), 10‐μm decrease in the central corneal thickness (CCT), 10‐μm increase in the maximum lenticule thickness (MLT), 10‐μm decrease in the residual bed thickness (RBT), 10% increase in the percentage ablation depth (PAD, MLT divided by CCT) and 10% decrease in the percentage stromal bed thickness (PSBT, RBT divided by CCT), PCE exhibited average forward displacements of 0.2–0.4, 0.2–0.7, 0.1–0.2, 0.1–0.3, 0.6–1.0 and 0.5–1.1 μm, respectively (p < 0.05). PSBT was the variable with the highest accuracy in predicting 5‐year stability of posterior corneas (area under curve = 0.75). The cut‐off values of SE, CCT, MLT, RBT, PAD and PSBT for increased PCE were −8.00 to −8.31 D, 481.0–498.5 μm, 139.5–144.5 μm, 255.5–263.5 μm, 26.9–28.3% and 48.9–52.6%, respectively.ConclusionEyes with thinner corneas, higher myopia requiring greater MLT and lower RBT exhibited greater predispositions towards posterior protrusion. The thresholds for preventing forward posterior corneal displacement were 26.9–28.3% for PAD and 48.9–52.6% for PSBT. Prediction of posterior corneal stability is useful for assessing surgical risks post‐SMILE.
Preterm birth, poor foetal growth and anxiety disorders in a Finnish nationwide register sample
Authors: Ståhlberg Tiia , Upadhyaya Subina , Khanal Prakash , Sucksdorff Minna , Luntamo Terhi , Suominen Auli , Sourander Andre 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimWe examined the associations between preterm birth, poor foetal growth and anxiety disorders among children and adolescents. Additionally, we examined the impact of common comorbidities and specific anxiety disorders separately.MethodsThree Finnish registers provided data on a nationwide birth cohort of 22,181 cases with anxiety disorders and 74,726 controls. Conditional logistic regression was used to examine the associations.ResultsExtremely very preterm birth and moderate‐late preterm birth were associated with increased adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for anxiety disorders (aOR 1.39, 95% CI 1.11–1.75 and aOR 1.13, 95% CI 1.03–1.23, respectively). Weight for gestational age of less than −2SD (aOR 1.29, 95% CI 1.17–1.42) and −2SD to −1SD (aOR 1.08, 95% CI 1.03–1.14) were associated with increased odds ratios for anxiety disorders. When comorbidities were considered, the associations became statistically insignificant for pure anxiety disorders, but remained significant in the groups with comorbid depressive or neurodevelopmental disorders.ConclusionPreterm birth and poor foetal growth increased the odds for anxiety disorders. However, the associations seem to be explained by the conditions of comorbid depressive and neurodevelopmental disorders. Comorbidities should be considered when examining and treating child and adolescent anxiety disorders.
Governing a union's external stakeholders: A prioritization method based on relationship quality and perceived impact
Authors: Plaisance Guillaume 
Published: April 2022

AbstractStakeholder governance is a growing issue in the literature and for organizations. The complex and uncertain environment of nonprofit organizations forces them to prioritize stakeholder requirements. The traditional criterion of influence and power is nevertheless proving insufficient for these organizations, especially those in political or interest representation sectors. This article proposes to use the relationship quality with stakeholders and its components (trust, satisfaction, influence, engagement) as criteria for prioritization. The study is carried out within the “Young Farmers” union, a French 50,000‐member union defending the interests of agriculture and of farmers under 35 years of age. It questions external stakeholders on the relationship with the organization and its impact and it enables to verify the relevance of these criteria. The results suggest integrating stakeholder emotions into the same‐named theory and studying relationship quality as a process in which satisfaction builds trust that enables engagement, which itself has a positive role on influence. The findings also revisit strategic models of stakeholder prioritization by proposing the four components of relationship quality mentioned above as prioritization attributes. Finally, NPOs’ partners are invited to take into account the subjectivity of the evaluation process and thus to favor reasonable methods to avoid handicapping NPOs.
Robotic mitral valve plasty for isolated clefts of mitral valve leaflets
Authors: Ishikawa Norihiko , Watanabe Go , Miyata Kazuto , Shigematsu Sayaka , Horikawa Takafumi , Seguchi Ryuta , Kiuchi Ryuta , Tomita Shigeyuki , Ohtsuka Toshiya 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA 21‐year‐old female patient referred to our institute had been suffering from severe mitral valve regurgitation due to a rare anomaly: a typical cleft at the posterior mitral leaflet and the other partial one at the anterior leaflet. We successfully fixed the mitral valve using the robot‐assisted totally endoscopic technique which could perform suture closure of both leaflets and annuloplasty. This communication is the first report of the robotic and totally endoscopic procedure which could treat this rare mitral anomaly.
The economic and trade effects of the UK–Korea free trade agreement on the United Kingdom, Korea, Japan, China, and the European Union
Authors: Yi Chae‐Deug 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe explored a comparative static computable general equilibrium model with six regions and 12 sectors to estimate the impacts of the recent UK–Korea free trade agreement (FTA) along with the European Union (EU)–Korea FTA. The empirical results provide quantitative evidence of the impact on national GDP, national exports and imports by sector, and the changes in exports or imports among the United Kingdom, Korea, Japan, China, and the EU. The UK–Korea FTA, along with the EU–Korea FTA, increases GDP and welfare for the United Kingdom and Korea; moreover, there is a large increase in automobiles, transport equipment, and machinery exports between Korea and the United Kingdom. The GDP and welfare level of non‐member countries such as Japan and China will slightly decline. Exports from the United Kingdom and Korea to non‐member countries are also expected to decrease in most manufacturing sectors. The UK–Korea FTA will lead to increases in imports between the United Kingdom and Korea due to mutual trade creation effects and trade diversion effects. However, non‐member countries such as Japan's exports are expected to experience a large decline in automobiles to the United Kingdom and in most manufacturing products to Korea due to the negative impact of the UK–Korea FTA.
Somewhere I belong: phylogeny and morphological evolution in a species‐rich lineage of ectoparasitic flatworms infecting cichlid fishes
Authors: Cruz‐Laufer Armando J. , Pariselle Antoine , Jorissen Michiel W. P. , Muterezi Bukinga Fidel , Al Assadi Anwar , Van Steenberge Maarten , Koblmüller Stephan , Sturmbauer Christian , Smeets Karen , Huyse Tine , Artois Tom , Vanhove Maarten P. M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA substantial portion of biodiversity has evolved through adaptive radiation. However, the effects of explosive speciation on species interactions remain poorly understood. Metazoan parasites infecting radiating host lineages could improve our knowledge because of their intimate host relationships. Yet limited molecular, phenotypic and ecological data discourage multivariate analyses of evolutionary patterns and encourage the use of discrete characters. Here, we assemble new molecular, morphological and host range data widely inferred from a species‐rich lineage of parasites (Cichlidogyrus, Platyhelminthes: Monogenea) infecting cichlid fishes to address data scarcity. We infer a multimarker (28S/18S rDNA, ITS1, COI mtDNA) phylogeny of 58 of 137 species and characterize major lineages through synapomorphies inferred from mapping morphological characters. We predict the phylogenetic position of species without DNA data through shared character states, a morphological phylogenetic analysis, and a classification analysis with support vector machines. Based on these predictions and a cluster analysis, we assess the systematic informativeness of continuous characters, search for continuous equivalents for discrete characters, and suggest new characters for morphological traits not analysed to date. We also model the attachment/reproductive organ and host range evolution using the data for 136 of 137 described species and multivariate phylogenetic comparative methods (PCMs). We show that discrete characters not only can mask phylogenetic signals, but also are key for characterizing species groups. Regarding the attachment organ morphology, a divergent evolutionary regime for at least one lineage was detected and a limited morphological variation indicates host and environmental parameters affecting its evolution. However, moderate success in predicting phylogenetic positions, and a low systematic informativeness and high multicollinearity of morphological characters call for a revaluation of characters included in species characterizations.
Flapless osteotome‐mediated sinus floor elevation using platelet‐rich fibrin versus lateral approach using deproteinised bovine bone mineral for residual bone height of 2–6 mm: A randomised trial
Authors: Lv Huixin , Sun Xiaolin , Wang Jia , Wang Hanchi , Wang Lin , Zhou Yanmin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate patient‐reported outcomes and radiographic results of simultaneous implant placement in severely atrophic maxilla using flapless endoscope‐assisted osteotome sinus floor elevation with platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF), also defined as PESS, and to compare the results with those of lateral sinus floor elevation (LSFE).MethodsPatients with a residual bone height (RBH) of 2–6 mm were included in a randomised controlled trial. PESS was performed with PRF as the sole grafting material. LSFE was performed using deproteinised bovine bone matrix. Patient‐reported outcomes were recorded on a visual analogue scale (VAS‐pain) and visual rating scale (VRS‐swelling and VRS‐willingness). Peri‐implant bone height (PBH), bone mineral density (BMD) and sinus grafting remodelling index were measured using CBCT immediately postoperatively and 3rd, 6th and 18th months post‐surgery.ResultsThe study population consisted of 20 patients in each group. The RBH of two groups averaged 3.35 ± 0.79 mm and 2.92 ± 0.63 mm with no significant difference (p > .05). VAS‐pain was 18.0 (IR 15.0–22.5) and 35.0 (IR 32.5–37.0) in the PESS and LSFE groups, respectively (p < .01). VAS‐pain decreased with time in both groups. VRS‐swelling was lower in the PESS group than LSFE group. VRS‐willingness was higher in the PESS group than LSFE group (p < .01). At 18 months post‐surgery, the marginal bone loss was 0.60 ± 0.25 mm and 0.69 ± 0.35 mm in the two groups with no significant difference (p = .52).ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this study, PESS was associated with lower postoperative morbidity and was more tolerable than LSFE. PESS could be a reliable procedure for sinus floor elevation in patients with insufficient RBH.
Copredication in Context: A Predictive Processing Approach
Authors: Löhr Guido , Michel Christian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe propose a cognitive‐psychological model of linguistic intuitions about copredication statements. In copredication statements, like “The book is heavy and informative,” the nominal denotes two ontologically distinct entities at the same time. This has been considered a problem for standard truth‐conditional semantics. In this paper, we discuss two questions that have so far received less attention: What kinds of word representations and cognitive mechanisms are responsible for judgments about the felicitousness of copredication statements? Relatedly, why can similar copredication statements have different degrees of felicitousness? We first propose a cognitive‐computational model of copredication within the predictive processing framework. We then suggest that certain asymmetries in felicitousness judgments can be modeled in terms of a set of expectations that are influenced by higher‐order priors associated with discourse context and world knowledge.
A robust ensemble feature selection technique for high‐dimensional datasets based on minimum weight threshold method
Authors: Guney Huseyin , Oztoprak Huseyin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEnsemble feature selection (EFS) is a valuable technique for developing accurate and robust machine‐learning (ML) models. Data variation plays a crucial role in the success of EFS models; however, it also causes some outliers in the ranked lists. In this study, we proposed the minimum weight threshold method‐based EFS (MWT‐EFS) to address the outlier problem and use the true power of EFS. The proposed method employs the support vector classifier to assign weights for features, and the MWT method handles outliers in the ranked feature lists while creating the ensemble list. First, a threshold value is determined. After that, the feature weights below the threshold are replaced with this value. This approach eliminates the negative effect of outliers. After the new feature weights are assigned, the average of the feature weights is calculated (mean aggregation) for all features, and the ensemble (final) feature list is created accordingly. The experiment results showed that the proposed method significantly improves gene selection stability while maintaining classification performance and reducing computational complexity. In conclusion, the proposed method led to an accurate and robust classification that can help domain experts to make more confident decisions with less effort, resources, and time.
Real‐time COVID‐19 detection over chest x‐ray images in edge computing
Authors: Xu Weijie , Chen Beijing , Shi Haoyang , Tian Hao , Xu Xiaolong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSevere Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has been a global pandemic which provokes massive devastation to the society, economy, and culture since January 2020. The pandemic demonstrates the inefficiency of superannuated manual detection approaches and inspires novel approaches that detect COVID‐19 by classifying chest x‐ray (CXR) images with deep learning technology. Although a wide range of researches about bran‐new COVID‐19 detection methods that classify CXR images with centralized convolutional neural network (CNN) models have been proposed, the latency, privacy, and cost of information transmission between the data resources and the centralized data center will make the detection inefficient. Hence, in this article, a COVID‐19 detection scheme via CXR images classification with a lightweight CNN model called MobileNet in edge computing is proposed to alleviate the computing pressure of centralized data center and ameliorate detection efficiency. Specifically, the general framework is introduced first to manifest the overall arrangement of the computing and information services ecosystem. Then, an unsupervised model DCGAN is employed to make up for the small scale of data set. Moreover, the implementation of the MobileNet for CXR images classification is presented at great length. The specific distribution strategy of MobileNet models is followed. The extensive evaluations of the experiments demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed scheme for detecting COVID‐19 over CXR images in edge computing.
PRAME immunohistochemistry of spitzoid neoplasms
Authors: Koh Stephen S. , Lau Sean K. , Scapa Jason V. , Cassarino David S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundSpitzoid melanocytic neoplasms are well known to be diagnostically challenging. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and molecular approaches have been used as ancillary diagnostic tests. Herein, we investigate the use of PRAME IHC for the assessment of spitzoid melanocytic neoplasms.MethodsTen Spitz nevi, 14 atypical Spitz tumors, and 11 spitzoid melanomas were retrieved, and PRAME IHC was scored on a scale of 1–4 (in % quartiles). Intensity of staining was categorized as weak or strong. Cases with no staining received a score of 0. Positive lymph nodes from three spitzoid melanomas were also analyzed.ResultsSpitz nevi, atypical Spitz tumors, and spitzoid melanomas had mean PRAME IHC scores of 1.20, 0.93, and 3.36, respectively. The percentage of cases with a score 3 or higher for each category of spitzoid neoplasms are as follows: Spitz nevus (20%), atypical Spitz tumor (0%), and spitzoid melanoma (82%). Among the spitzoid melanomas, three cases had positive sentinel lymph nodes, which showed PRAME score of 2, 4, and 4 in the metastatic deposits.ConclusionsPrevious reports revealed PRAME IHC as useful tool to distinguish benign from malignant melanocytic lesions. The results presented here are concordant with the prior studies, but expand the application of this marker to Spitz nevi/tumors and spitzoid melanomas. The present findings suggest the potential diagnostic utility of PRAME IHC in the assessment of spitzoid melanocytic lesions, particularly in distinguishing spitzoid melanomas from Spitz nevi and atypical Spitz tumors.
Real‐world prospective observational single‐centre study: Hybrid closed loop improves HbA1c, time‐in‐range and quality of life for children, young people and their carers
Authors: Ng Sze May , Katkat Nancy , Day Helen , Hubbard Rebecca , Quinn Michelle , Finnigan Lynne 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHybrid closed‐loop (HCL) systems are characterised by integrating continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) with insulin pumps which automate insulin delivery via specific algorithms and user‐initiated insulin delivery. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of HCLs on Hba1c, time‐in‐range (TIR), time in hypoglycaemia, fear of hypoglycaemia, sleep and quality of life measure in children and young people (CYP) with T1D and their carers. Data on HbA1c, TIR and hypoglycaemia frequency were reviewed at baseline prior to starting HCL and 3 months after commencement. As part of clinical care, all patients and carers were provided with key education on the use of the HCL system by trained diabetes healthcare professionals. CYP aged 12 years and above independently completed the validated Hypoglycaemia Fear Survey (HFS). Parents of patients <12 were asked to complete a modified version of the HFS‐Parent (HFS‐P) survey. There were 39 CYP (22 men) with T1D included with a mean age of 11.8 ± 4.4 at commencement of HCL. Median duration of diabetes was 3.8 years (interquartile range 1.3–6.0). There were 55% of patients who were prepubertal at the time of HCL commencement. 91% were on the Control‐IQ system and 9% on the CamAPS FX system. HCL use demonstrated significant improvements at 3 months in the following: HbA1c in mmol/mol (63.0 vs. 56.6, p = 0.03), TIR (50.5 vs. 67.0, p = 0.001) and time in hypoglycaemia (4.3% vs. 2.8%, p = 0.004). HFS scores showed improved behaviour (34.0 vs. 27.5.9, p = 0.02) and worry (40.2 vs. 31.6, p = 0.03), and HFS‐P scores also showed improved behaviour (p < 0.001) and worry (p = 0.01). Our study shows that HCL at 3 months improves glucose control, diabetes management and quality of life measures such as fear and worry of hypoglycaemia for CYP and carers.
Informed consent and biological agents in rheumatology and internal medicine
Authors: Mandarelli Gabriele , Iannone Florenzo , Ferracuti Stefano , Grattagliano Ignazio , Benevento Marcello , Solarino Biagio , Ferorelli Davide , Catanesi Roberto 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe need for highly effective therapies in rheumatologic diseases has led to the widespread and growing use of a heterogeneous class of molecules called biological agents. The increasing experience with biological agents has raised concerns about safety and efficacy issues that need to be discussed in the informed consent acquisition process.MethodsThe authors performed a review of the literature on biological agents focusing on their most important characteristics concerning the informed consent procedures.ResultsNo studies specifically addressed the issue of informed consent in patients receiving biological agents. Several studies reported data about off‐label use of biological agents usually with no obvious attention to informed consent shortcomings.ConclusionThe reported association between biological agents and serious infections or malignancies, including reactivation of latent tuberculosis, needs specific disclosure in informed consent acquisition, together with information about the possible efficacy in clinical contexts often characterized by resistance to previous treatments. Ethical and clinical issues bound to the need for experimenting with new agents with potentially serious adverse effects deserve specific attention. Studies aimed at evaluating mental capacity to consent in subjects receiving biological agents are required.
Liraglutide treatment attenuates inflammation markers in the cardiac, cerebral and renal microvasculature in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats
Authors: Baylan Umit , Korn Amber , Emmens Reindert W. , Schalkwijk Casper G. , Niessen Hans W. M. , Krijnen Paul A. J. , Simsek Suat 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM) induces cardiac and cerebral microvascular dysfunction via increased glycation, oxidative stress and endothelial activation. Liraglutide, a glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue, inhibited NOX2 and adhesion molecules in isolated endothelial cells. Here, we have studied how Liraglutide affects advanced glycation, NOX expression and inflammation of the cardiac, cerebral and renal microvasculature in diabetic rats.MethodsDM was induced in Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 15) via intraperitoneal streptozotocin (STZ) injection (60 mg/kg bodyweight). Ten control rats remained nondiabetic. From day 9 post‐STZ injection, Liraglutide (200 μg/kg bodyweight; n = 7) or vehicle (n = 8) was injected subcutaneously daily until termination on day 29. The advanced glycation endproduct N‐ε‐(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), NOX2, NOX4, ICAM‐1 and VCAM‐1 were subsequently immunohistochemically analysed and quantified to compare Liraglutide treatment with placebo.ResultsIn the heart, Liraglutide treatment significantly reduced the DM‐increased scores/cm2 for CML in both ventricles (from 253 ± 53 to 72 ± 12; p = .003) and atria (343 ± 29 to 122 ± 8; p = .0001) and for NOX2, ICAM‐1 and VCAM‐1, but not for NOX4. Also in the cerebrum and cerebellum of the brain, Liraglutide significantly reduced the scores/cm2 for CML (to 60 ± 7 (p = .0005) and 47 ± 13 (p = .02), respectively), and for NOX2 and NOX4. In the kidney, the DM‐induced expression of ICAM‐1 and VCAM‐1 was decreased in the blood vessels and glomeruli by Liraglutide treatment. Liraglutide did not affect blood glucose levels or bodyweight.ConclusionsOur study implies that Liraglutide protects the cardiac, cerebral and renal microvasculature against diabetes‐induced dysfunction, independent of lowering blood glucose in a type 1 diabetes rat model.