bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facet‐specific Active Surface Regulation of BixMOy (M=Mo, V, W) Nanosheets for Boosted Photocatalytic CO2 reduction
Authors: Zhang Yanzhao , Zhi Xing , Harmer Jeffrey R. , Xu Haolan , Davey Kenneth , Ran Jingrun , Qiao Shi‐Zhang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPhotocatalytic performance can be optimized via introduction of reactive sites. However, it is practically difficult to engineer these on specific photocatalyst surfaces, because of limited understanding of atomic‐level structure‐activity. Here we report a facile sonication‐assisted chemical reduction for specific facets regulation via oxygen deprivation on Bi‐based photocatalysts. The modified Bi2MoO6 nanosheets exhibit 61.5 and 12.4 μmol g−1 for CO and CH4 production respectively, ≈3 times greater than for pristine catalyst, together with excellent stability/reproducibility of ≈20 h. By combining advanced characterizations and simulation, we confirm the reaction mechanism on surface‐regulated photocatalysts, namely, induced defects on highly‐active surface accelerate charge separation/transfer and lower the energy barrier for surface CO2 adsorption/activation/reduction. Promisingly, this method appears generalizable to a wider range of materials.
Biocatalytic Synthesis Using Self‐Assembled Polymeric Nano‐ and Microreactors
Authors: Wang Yangxin , Zhao Qingcai , Haag Rainer , Wu Changzhu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBiocatalysis is increasingly being explored for the sustainable development of green industry. Though enzymes show great industrial potential with their high efficiency, specificity, and selectivity, they suffer from poor usability and stability under abiological conditions. To solve these problems, researchers have fabricated nano‐ and micro‐sized biocatalytic reactors based on the self‐assembly of various polymers, leading to highly stable, functional, and reusable biocatalytic systems. This Review highlights recent progress in self‐assembled polymeric nano‐ and microreactors for biocatalytic synthesis, including polymersomes, reverse micelles, polymer emulsions, Pickering emulsions, and static emulsions. We categorize these reactors into monophasic and biphasic systems and discuss their structural characteristics and latest successes with representative examples. We also consider the challenges and potential solutions associated with the future development of this field.
Flow cytometric evaluation of yeast–bacterial cell–cell interactions
Authors: Lei Ming , Trivedi Vikas D. , Nair Nikhil U. , Lee Kyongbum , Van Deventer James A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSynthetic cell–cell interaction systems can be useful for understanding multicellular communities or for screening binding molecules. We adapt a previously characterized set of synthetic cognate nanobody–antigen pairs to a yeast–bacteria coincubation format and use flow cytometry to evaluate cell–cell interactions mediated by binding between surface‐displayed molecules. We further use fluorescence‐activated cell sorting to enrich a specific yeast‐displayed nanobody within a mixed yeast‐display population. Finally, we demonstrate that this system supports the characterization of a therapeutically relevant nanobody–antigen interaction: a previously discovered nanobody that binds to the intimin protein expressed on the surface of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. Overall, our findings indicate that the yeast–bacteria format supports efficient evaluation of ligand–target interactions. With further development, this format may facilitate systematic characterization and high‐throughput discovery of bacterial surface‐binding molecules.
Benzimidazolium Salts Containing Trifluoromethoxybenzyl: Synthesis, Characterization, Crystal Structure, Molecular Docking Studies and Enzymes Inhibitory Properties
Authors: Hamide Mahmut , Gök Yetkin , Demir Yeliz , Sevinçek Resul , Taskin‐Tok Tugba , Tezcan Burcu , Aktaş Aydın , Gülçin İlhami , Aygün Muhittin , Güzel Bilgehan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe method for producing 4‐trifluoromethoxybenzyl substituted benzimidazolium salts is described in this article. The method is based on the reaction of 4‐trifluoromethoxybenzyl substituent alkylating agent with 1‐alkylbenzimidazole. This method yielded 1‐(4‐trifluoromethoxybenzyl)‐3‐alkylbenzimidazolium bromide salts. These benzimidazolium salts were characterized by using1H‐NMR,13C‐NMR, FT‐IR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis techniques. The crystal structure of1fwas enlightened by single crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. Also, the enzyme inhibition effects of the synthesised compounds were investigated. They demonstrated highly potent inhibition effect on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and carbonic anhydrases (hCAs) (Kivalues are in the range of 7.24±0.99 to 39.12±5.66 nM, 5.57±0.96 to 43.07±11.76 nM, and 4.38±0.43 to 18.68±3.60 nM for AChE, hCA I, and hCA II, respectively). In molecular docking study, the interactions of active compounds showing activity against AChE and hCAs enzymes were examined. The most active compound1fhas −10.90 kcal/mol binding energy value against AChE enzyme, and the potential structure compound1e, which has activity against hCA I and hCA II enzymes, was −7.51 and −8.93 kcal/mol, respectively.
Overcoming Voltage Losses in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries Using WO3 as a Positive Electrode
Authors: Mousavihashemi Seyedabolfazl , Murcia‐López Sebastián , Rodriguez‐Olguin Miguel A. , Gardeniers Han , Andreu Teresa , Morante Juan Ramon , Susarrey Arce Arturo , Flox Cristina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractVanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) are appealing large‐scale energy storage systems due to their unique properties of independent energy/power design. The VRFBs stack design is crucial for technology deployment in power applications. Besides the design, the stack suffers from high voltage losses caused by the electrodes. The introduction of active sites into the electrode to facilitate the reaction kinetic is crucial in boosting the power rate of the VRFBs. Here, an O‐rich layer has been applied onto structured graphite felt (GF) by depositing WO3 to increase the oxygen species content. The oxygen species are the active site during the positive reaction (VO2+/VO2+) in VRFB. The increased electrocatalytic activity is demonstrated by the monoclinic (m)‐WO3/GF electrode that minimizes the voltage losses, yielding excellent performance results in terms of power density output and limiting current density (556 mWcm−2@800 mAcm−2). The results confirm that the m‐WO3/GF electrode is a promising electrode for high‐power in VRFBs, overcoming the performance‐limiting issues in a positive half‐reaction.
Recyclable GO‐Arginine Hybrids for CO2Fixation into Cyclic Carbonates
Authors: Pintus Angela , Mantovani Sebastiano , Kovtun Alessandro , Bertuzzi Giulio , Melucci Manuela , Bandini Marco 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNew covalently modified GO‐guanidine materials have been realized in a gram‐scale synthesis and purified by an innovative microfiltration. The use of these composites in the fixation of CO2into cyclic carbonates is demonstrated. Mild operating conditions, high yields (up to 85 %), wide scope (15 examples) and recoverability/reusability (up to 5 cycles) of the material account for the efficiency of the protocol. Dedicated control experiments shed light on the activation modes exerted by GO‐l‐arginine during the ring‐opening/closing synthetic sequence.
Insights into the Effect of the Adsorption Preference of Additives on the Anisotropic Growth of ZSM‐5 Zeolite
Authors: Shi Jing , Du Yujue , He Wanren , Zhao Guoliang , Qin Yucai , Song Lijuan , Hu Jun , Guan Yong , Zhu Junfa , Wang Chuanming , Teng Jiawei , Xie Zaiku 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are Zaiku Xie, Jiawei Teng, Chuanming Wang, and co‐workers at the SINOPEC Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Liaoning Petrochemical University and University of Science and Technology of China. The image depicts the effect of eight organic additives on the anisotropic growth of classical ZSM‐5 zeolite at the molecular level. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202201781.
Feature selection in high‐dimensional microarray cancer datasets using an improved equilibrium optimization approach
Authors: Balakrishnan Kulanthaivel , Dhanalakshmi Ramasamy 
Published: October 2022

SummaryOptimal feature selection of a high‐dimensional micro‐array datasets has gained a significant importance in medical applications for early detection and prevention of disease. Traditional Optimal feature selection percolates through a population‐based meta‐heuristic optimization technique, a Machine Learning classifier and traditional wrapper method for transforming the original feature set into a better feature set. These techniques require a number of iterations for the convergence of random solutions to the global optimum with high‐dimensionality issues such as over‐fitting, memory constraints, computational costs, and low accuracy. In this article, an efficient equilibrium optimization technique is proposed for an optimized feature selection that increases the diversity of the population in the search space through Random Opposition based learning and classify the best features using a 10‐fold cross‐validation‐based wrapper method. The proposed method is tested with six standard micro‐array datasets and compared with the conventional algorithms such as Marine Predators Algorithm, Harris Hawks Optimization, Whale Optimization Algorithm, and conventional Equilibrium Optimization. From the statistical results using the standard metrics, it is interpreted that the proposed method converges to the global minimum in a few iterations through optimized feature selection, fitness value and higher classification accuracy. This proves its efficacy in exploring and finding a better solution as compared to the counterpart algorithms. In addition to complexity analysis, these results indicate a global optimum solution, an effective representation of least amount of data‐high dimensionality reduction and an avoidance of over‐fitting problems. The source code is available at
https://github.com/balasv/ROBL‐EOA/blob/main/ROBL_EOA.ipynb
Fast Transition Metal‐Free Synthesis of Functionalized Oxindoles and Dihydroquinoline‐2‐ones Under Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Couto Júlia L. , Hornink Milene M. , Nascimento Vinicius R. , Andrade Leandro H. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA fast transition metal‐free and synthetic methodology for generating a broad scope of highly functionalized oxindoles and dihydroquinolin‐2‐ones was developed. The exploitation of formamide or N‐methylformamide (reagent/solvent) and potassium persulfate (radical initiator) under microwave irradiation resulted in a fast radical reaction of 10 s. The functionalized oxindoles and dihydroquinoline‐2‐ones allowed us to readily access several spirocompounds such as spiro[oxindole‐ɣ‐lactones], spiro[oxindole‐δ‐lactones], spiro[dihydroquinoline‐2‐one‐ɣ‐lactones], spiro[oxindole‐imides] and spiro[dihydroquinoline‐2‐one‐imides].
Active tectonics of the Thoubal‐Chandel Thrust, Manipur Hills, Indo‐Myanmar Range, northeast India: Insights into deformation pattern of adjacent thrust sheets in a growing orogen
Authors: Kshetrimayum Alexander S. , Goswami Pradeep K. 
Published: October 2022

The NE–SW trending and SE dipping Thoubal‐Chandel Thrust (TCT) in eastern Manipur Hills of the Indo‐Myanmar Range (IMR) places the Thoubal‐Chandel thrust sheet over the Churachandpur‐Mao thrust sheet. Despite being seismically active, the active tectonic aspects of the major structural discontinuities within the IMR, including TCT, are not yet studied in detail. The present study aims to examine the active tectonics of the TCT and other associated faults, with particular focus on deformation of the Churachandpur‐Mao, and Thoubal‐Chandel thrust sheets. Association and disposition of landforms, and statistical analyses of Mountain‐front Sinuosity Index (Smf), Stream Length‐Gradient Index (SL), Hypsometric Integral (HI), Drainage Basin Asymmetry Factor, and Transverse Topography Symmetry Factor (T) reveal that both of these adjacently lying thrust sheets are actively uplifting due to oblique‐slip movement on their basal thrusts, but with spatially variable rates. In general, higher SL (mode = 219) and HI (mode = 0.527) in large parts suggest faster uplift of the Thoubal‐Chandel thrust sheet than the Churachandpur‐Moa thrust sheet, which has comparatively lower SL (Mode = 140) and HI (mode = 0.416). However, differential along‐strike uplift rates have caused tilting of both the thrust sheets. Faster uplift of the northern part of Thoubal‐Chandel thrust sheet has caused its overall southward down‐tilting, whereas faster uplift of the southern part of Churachandpur‐Mao thrust sheet has caused its overall northward down‐tilting. The study brings out that the deformation pattern of even the adjacent thrust sheets of growing orogens could be at stark variance albeit the same stress regime.
Growth performance of different Epichloë sinensis strains on media with different additives
Authors: Tian Pei , Wang Meining , Luo Yang , Wang Xingdi , Xu Wenbo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundEpichloë sinensis is a newly found endophyte species that is frequently involved in symbiosis with Festuca sinensis. There are a little reports on the characteristics of E. sinensis in vitro.MethodsIn the present study, five E. sinensis endophyte strains (strain ID 1, 2, 41D, 57D, 111D) isolated from different F. sinensis ecotypes were used to evaluate their antioxidant capacities and enzyme activities. Also, the growth of E. sinensis on potato dextrose agar (PDA) with different additives was investigated.ResultsThe five strains had significantly different (p < 0.05) total antioxidant capacities and radical‐scavenging abilities. In most cases, the growth rate of strain 1 was the fastest (p < 0.05), and that of strain 57D was the slowest (p < 0.05). The growth rates of these five strains on PDA with vitamins significantly (p < 0.05) increased with increasing vitamin concentration. The growth rates of these five strains on PDA with plant growth regulators also significantly (p < 0.05) increased; however, the increase was inconsistent at different concentrations of indole‐3‐acetic acid and gibberellin. Low concentrations (5 and 10 mg L−1) of forchlorfenuron (KT‐30) significantly promoted the growth of all five strains, whereas high concentrations (20 and 40 mg L−1) of KT‐30 significantly inhibited their growth (p < 0.05). The Na+, Cd2+, Zn2+, and Cr6+ ions all inhibited the growth of these five strains, and their growth rates were significantly decreased with an increase in ion concentrations (p < 0.05). Under Na+ stress, strain 41D grew the fastest and had the strongest tolerance (p < 0.05); under Cd2+, Zn2+, and Cr6+ stresses, strain 111D grew the fastest and had the strongest tolerance (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe results indicated that the E. sinensis had antioxidant activities and hydrolase activities. Additives could promote or inhibit the growth of the strains in different degrees. All these evaluations in the present study improve our understanding of the E. sinensis endophyte and provide referenced information for further studies.
Multifunctional anchoring of O‐ligands for high‐performance and stable inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Xie Lisha , Zhao Xuhong , Wang Jianwei , Li Jun , Liu Chang , Wang Shurong , Bao Qinye , Yang Mengjin , Niu Xiaobin , Hao Feng , Ge Ziyi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFunctional additives have recently been regarded as emerging candidates to improve the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, nicotinamide (N), 2‐chloronicotinamide (2Cl), and 6‐chloronicotinamide (6Cl) were employed as O‐ligands to facilitate the deposition of MAPbI3 (MA = methylammonium) and MA‐free FA0.88Cs0.12PbI2.64Br0.36 (FA = formamidinium) perovskite films by multifunctional anchoring. By density functional theory (DFT) calculations and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) measurements, it is identified that the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level for additive modified MAPbI3 perovskite could reduce the voltage deficit for hole extraction. Moreover, due to the most favorable charge distribution and significant improvements in charge mobility and defect passivation, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2Cl‐MAPbI3 PSCs was significantly improved from 19.32% to 21.12%. More importantly, the two‐dimensional grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (GIWAXS) analysis showed that PbI2 defects were effectively suppressed and femtosecond transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy demonstrated that the trap‐assisted recombination at grain boundaries was effectively inhibited in the 2Cl‐MA‐free film. As a result, the thermally stable 2Cl‐MA‐free PSCs achieved a remarkable PCE of 23.13% with an open‐circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.164 V and an ultrahigh fill factor (FF) of 85.7%. Our work offers a practical strategy for further commercializing stable and efficient PSCs.image
Molecular characteristics and outcomes in Hispanic and non‐Hispanic patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Bradley Terrence , Kwon Deukwoo , Monge Jorge , Sekeres Mikkael , Chandhok Namrata , Thomassen Amber , Swords Ronan , Padron Eric , Lancet Jeff , Talati Chetasi , Watts Justin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHispanic patients have been reported to have an increased incidence of AML and possibly inferior outcomes compared to non‐Hispanics. We conducted a retrospective study of 225 AML patients (58 Hispanic and 167 non‐Hispanic) at two academic medical centers in Florida. Disease characteristics, cytogenetics, mutation profiles, and clinical outcomes were assessed. Hispanic patients were younger at presentation than non‐Hispanics (p = 0.0013). We found associations between single gene mutations and ethnicity, with IDH1 mutations being more common in non‐Hispanics (95.2% vs. 4.8%, p = 0.0182) and WT1 mutations more common in Hispanics (62.5% vs. 37.5%, p = 0.0455). We also found an emerging trend towards adverse risk cytogenetics in Hispanic patients (p = 0.1796), as well as high risk fusions such as MLL‐r (70% vs. 30%, p = 0.004). There was no difference in overall survival (OS) between Hispanic and non‐Hispanics patients. When examining only newly diagnosed patients (n = 105), there was improved OS in Hispanics (median 44.7 months vs. 14 months, p = 0.026) by univariate analysis and equivalent OS by multivariate analysis (hazard ratio = 1.52 [95% CI = 0.74–3.15]). Hispanics with a driver mutation not class‐defining had improved survival compared to non‐Hispanics. Our study demonstrates significant genetic differences between Floridian Hispanics and non‐Hispanics, but no difference in OS in patients treated at an academic medical center.
Microbiome analysis revealing microbial interactions and secondary bacterial infections in COVID‐19 patients comorbidly affected by Type 2 diabetes
Authors: Al‐Emran Hassan M. , Rahman Shaminur , Hasan Md. Shazid , Ul Alam Rubayet , Islam Ovinu Kibria , Anwar Ajwad , Jahid Md. Iqbal K. , Hossain Anwar 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) disease is very high among the elderly or individuals having comorbidities such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, lung infections, hypertension, and/or diabetes. Our study characterizes the metagenomic features in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2)‐infected patients with or without type 2 diabetes, to identify the microbial interactions associated with its fatal consequences.This study compared the baseline nasopharyngeal microbiome of SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected diabetic and nondiabetic patients with controls adjusted for age and gender. The metagenomics based on next‐generation sequencing was performed using Ion GeneStudio S5 Series and the data were analyzed by the Vegan‐package in R. All three groups possessed significant bacterial diversity and dissimilarity indexes (p < 0.05). Spearman's correlation coefficient network analysis illustrated 183 significant positive correlations and 13 negative correlations of pathogenic bacteria (r = 0.6–1.0, p < 0.05), and 109 positive correlations between normal flora and probiotic bacteria (r > 0.6, p < 0.05). The SARS‐CoV‐2 diabetic group exhibited a significant increase in pathogens and secondary infection‐causing bacteria (p < 0.05) with a simultaneous decrease of normal flora (p < 0.05). The dysbiosis of the bacterial community might be linked with severe consequences of COVID‐19‐infected diabetic patients, although a few probiotic strains inhibited numerous pathogens in the same pathological niches. This study suggested that the promotion of normal flora and probiotics through dietary supplementation and excessive inflammation reduction by preventing secondary infections might lead to a better outcome for those comorbid patients.
Determining the main factors impacting the differences between soil and air temperatures over China
Authors: Wang Xiqiang , Chen Rensheng , Li Hongyuan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractKnowledge of the difference between soil and air temperatures (ΔT) is helpful to improve our understanding on the land‐atmosphere thermal interactions and temperature‐dependent soil processes. Based on 272 stations across China, this study investigated the spatiotemporal variations of the annual and seasonal ΔT (difference between soil temperature at a depth of 0.4 m and air temperature) from 1981 to 2014, and quantified the relative contributions of multiple environmental variables (snow cover, precipitation, vegetation, soil moisture, and solar radiation) to ΔT variation for the first time. Air temperature primarily controls soil temperature dynamics, but the asynchronous trends of soil and air temperatures may lead to the complexity of the land‐atmosphere relationship. Almost no apparent trends in ΔT were detected for the entire China (except in summer), but the spatial heterogeneity of trends was evident. Snow cover conditions greatly dominated the ΔT dynamics both annually and seasonally (except in summer). The relative contribution of snow cover duration to ΔT variation was significantly greater than that of mean snow depth for the entire China, but the regional differences in the contributions of the two variables were noticeable at different seasons. The greening of vegetation closely associated with the ΔT variation in annual, autumn and winter, and soil moisture exerted a great influence on summer ΔT, associated with sunshine duration (a proxy for surface solar radiation). The amount of precipitation made a slight impact on ΔT at either seasonal or annual scales.