bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel immune checkpoints-based signature to predict prognosis and response to immunotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Sun Nan , Luo Yuejun , Zheng Bo , Zhang Zhihui , Zhang Chaoqi , Zhang Zhen , Zhang Guochao , Tan Fengwei , Xue Qi , Gao Shugeng , He Jie 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundExcept for B7-CD28 family members, more novel immune checkpoints are being discovered. They are closely associated with tumor immune microenvironment and regulate the function of many immune cells. Various cancer therapeutic studies targeting these novel immune checkpoints are currently in full swing. However, studies concerning novel immune checkpoints phenotypes and clinical significance in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are still limited.MethodsWe enrolled 1883 LUAD cases from nine different cohorts. The samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were used as a training set, whereas seven microarray data cohorts and an independent cohort with 102 qPCR data were used for validation. The immune profiles and potential mechanism of the system were also explored.ResultsAfter univariate Cox proportional hazards regression and stepwise multivariable Cox analysis, a novel immune checkpoints-based system (LTA, CD160, and CD40LG) were identified from the training set, which significantly stratified patients into high- and low-risk groups with different survivals. Furthermore, this system has been well validated in different clinical subgroups and multiple validation cohorts. It also acted as an independent prognostic factor for patients with LAUD in different cohorts. Further exploration suggested that high-risk patients exhibited distinctive immune cells infiltration and suffered an immunosuppressive state. Additionally, this system is closely linked to various classical immunotherapy biomarkers.Conclusionwe constructed a novel immune checkpoints-based system for LUAD, which predicts prognosis and immunotherapeutic implications. We believe that these findings will not only aid in clinical management but will also shed some light on screening appropriate patients for immunotherapy.
The value of fractional exhaled nitric oxide in occupational diseases – a systematic review
Authors: Oțelea Marina Ruxandra , Fell Anne Kristin M. , Handra Claudia Mariana , Holm Mathias , Filon Francesca Larese , Mijakovski Dragan , Minov Jordan , Mutu Andreea , Stephanou Euripides , Stokholm Zara Ann , Stoleski Sasho , Schlünssen Vivi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a non-invasive biomarker of respiratory tract inflammation, originally designated to identify eosinophilic airway inflammation and to predict steroid response. The main field of application of this biomarker is asthma, but FeNO has also been used for other allergic and non-allergic pulmonary disorders such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypersensitivity pneumonitis and interstitial lung disease. A substantial part of respiratory diseases are related to work, and FeNO, a safe and easy measure to conduct, is a potential valid examination in an occupational setting.This systematic review assesses the value of measuring FeNO related to three types of airborne exposures: allergens, irritants, and respiratory particles inhaled during occupational activities. The review covers results from longitudinal and observational clinical studies, and highlights the added value of this biomarker in monitoring effects of exposure and in the diagnostic criteria of occupational diseases. This review also covers the possible significance of FeNO as an indicator of the efficacy of interventions to prevent work-related respiratory diseases.Initially, 246 articles were identified in PUBMED and SCOPUS. Duplicates and articles which covered results from the general population, symptoms (not disease) related to work, non-occupational diseases, and case reports were excluded. Finally, 39 articles contributed to this review, which led to the following conclusions:a) For occupational asthma there is no consensus on the significant value of FeNO for diagnosis, or on the magnitude of change needed after specific inhalation test or occupational exposure at the workplace. There is some consensus for the optimal time to measure FeNO after exposure, mainly after 24 h, and FeNO proved to be more sensitive than spirometry in measuring the result of an intervention. b) For other occupational obstructive respiratory diseases, current data suggests performing the measurement after the work shift. c) For interstitial lung disease, the evaluation of the alveolar component of NO is probably the most suitable.
The LIFE TRIAD of emergency general surgery
Authors: Coccolini Federico , Sartelli Massimo , Kluger Yoram , Osipov Aleksei , Cui Yunfeng , Beka Solomon Gurmu , Kirkpatrick Andrew , Sall Ibrahima , Moore Ernest E. , Biffl Walter L. , Litvin Andrey , Pisano Michele , Magnone Stefano , Picetti Edoardo , de Angelis Nicola , Stahel Philip , Ansaloni Luca , Tan Edward , Abu-Zidan Fikri , Ceresoli Marco , Hecker Andreas , Chiara Osvaldo , Sganga Gabriele , Khokha Vladimir , di Saverio Salomone , Sakakushev Boris , Campanelli Giampiero , Fraga Gustavo , Wani Imtiaz , Broek Richard ten , Cicuttin Enrico , Cremonini Camilla , Tartaglia Dario , Soreide Kjetil , Galante Joseph , de Moya Marc , Koike Kaoru , De Simone Belinda , Balogh Zsolt , Amico Francesco , Shelat Vishal , Pikoulis Emmanouil , Di Carlo Isidoro , Bonavina Luigi , Leppaniemi Ari , Marzi Ingo , Ivatury Rao , Khan Jim , Maier Ronald V. , Hardcastle Timothy C. , Isik Arda , Podda Mauro , Tolonen Matti , Rasa Kemal , Navsaria Pradeep H. , Demetrashvili Zaza , Tarasconi Antonio , Carcoforo Paolo , Sibilla Maria Grazia , Baiocchi Gian Luca , Pararas Nikolaos , Weber Dieter , Chiarugi Massimo , Catena Fausto 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEmergency General Surgery (EGS) was identified as multidisciplinary surgery performed for traumatic and non-traumatic acute conditions during the same admission in the hospital by general emergency surgeons and other specialists. It is the most diffused surgical discipline in the world. To live and grow strong EGS necessitates three fundamental parts: emergency and elective continuous surgical practice, evidence generation through clinical registries and data accrual, and indications and guidelines production: the LIFE TRIAD.
The mediating role of maladaptive cognitive schemas regarding the relationship between parenting styles and chronic pain in adolescents: a structural equation modelling approach
Authors: Salari Saghar , Shaygan Maryam , Setoodeh Giti 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Although there is a growing body of evidence linking parenting styles to health outcomes, little emphasis has been dedicated to how parenting styles affect chronic pain in adolescents. Given the high prevalence of chronic pain in adolescents and taking into consideration the complexity of chronic pain and the factors affecting it, further research is needed to better understand the processes through which parenting styles affect adolescents’ pain. The purpose of the present study was to explore the mediating role of maladaptive schemas in the association between different parenting styles and chronic pain.

Method
1302 adolescents aged 12 to 21 in Shiraz, Iran, were randomly selected to participate in this study. To identify adolescents with chronic pain, screening questions based on the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases were used. Buri’s Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ), and Young’s Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (YSQ-SF) were used to assess the parenting styles and maladaptive cognitive schemas, respectively. The structural equation modeling approach was carried out to evaluate the direct, indirect, and total effects of different parenting styles on chronic pain.

Results
The results in the SEM models revealed that disconnection/ rejection (β = − 0.043, 95%CI =  − 0.07 to  − 0.02), impaired autonomy/ performance (β =  − 0.01, 95%CI =  − 0.02 to -0.003), over-vigilance/inhibition (β =  − 0.007, 95%CI =  − 0.01 to  − 0.008), and impaired limits schemas (β =  − 0.004, 95%CI =  − 0.006 to  − 0.002) significantly mediated the protective effects of the authoritative parenting style on chronic pain. It was also found that the mediating effects of disconnection/ rejection (β = 0.01, 95%CI = 0.01 to 0.02), and over-vigilance/ inhibition (β = 0.002, 95%CI = 0.001 to 0.02) existed in the relationship between the authoritarian style and chronic pain. The permissive style may also affect chronic pain through disconnection/ rejection (β = 0.004, 95%CI = 0.001 to 0.01), other-directedness (β = 0.01, 95%CI = 0.005 to 0.015), and impaired limits schemas (β = 0.05, 95%CI = 0.04 to 0.06).

Discussion
The findings of the present study showed that maladaptive cognitive schemas play a mediating role in the relationship between parenting styles and chronic pain in adolescents. It seems that the interventions that target the effective communication between the parents and the adolescents can be considered as an important part in the chronic pain management in adolescents.
Dendrimer-based drug delivery systems: history, challenges, and latest developments
Authors: Wang Juan , Li Boxuan , Qiu Li , Qiao Xin , Yang Hu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSince the first dendrimer was reported in 1978 by Fritz Vögtle, dendrimer research has grown exponentially, from synthesis to application in the past four decades. The distinct structure characteristics of dendrimers include nanoscopic size, multi-functionalized surface, high branching, cavernous interior, and so on, making dendrimers themselves ideal drug delivery vehicles. This mini review article provides a brief overview of dendrimer’s history and properties and the latest developments of dendrimers as drug delivery systems. This review focuses on the latest progress in the applications of dendrimers as drug and gene carriers, including 1) active drug release strategies to dissociate drug/gene from dendrimer in response to stimuli; 2) size-adaptive and charge reversal dendrimer delivery systems that can better take advantage of the size and surface properties of dendrimer; 3) bulk and micro/nano dendrimer gel delivery systems. The recent advances in dendrimer formulations may lead to the generation of new drug and gene products and enable the development of novel combination therapies.
Advanced glycation end products and diabetes and other metabolic indicators
Authors: Jiang Tian , Zhang Yi , Dai Fang , Liu Chao , Hu Honglin , Zhang Qiu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Diabetes is a global concern among adults. Previous studies have suggested an association between different screening methods and diabetes; however, increasing evidence has suggested the importance of early screening for diabetes mellitus (DM) and its influencing factors. In this study, we aimed to explore whether the non-invasive detection of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the early screening of DM in the Chinese community and whether body mass index (BMI) and metabolic indexes could moderate this relationship.

Methods
Three community health service centers in Hefei that signed the medical consortium agreement with the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were selected to screen the population aged 30–90 years in each community using a multi-stage cluster sampling method from January 2018 to January 2019. Univariate analysis of variance was used to compare the differences in general data, biochemical indexes, skin AGEs levels, and blood glucose among groups. In addition, a multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed.

Results
A total of 912 patients with a community health physical examination and no history of diabetes were selected, excluding those with missing values > 5%. Finally, 906 samples were included in the study with an effective rate of 99.3%. The prevalence in the normal, impaired glucose tolerance, and DM groups were 79.8%, 10.0%, and 10.2%, respectively. By dividing AGE by quartile, AGE accumulation was classified as ≤ P25, P25–P50, P50–P75, and > P75. Higher AGE accumulation (χ2 = 37.95), BMI (χ2 = 12.20), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (χ2 = 8.46), triglyceride (TG) (χ2 = 6.23), and older age (χ2 = 20.11) were more likely to have a higher prevalence of fasting blood glucose (FBG). The analyses revealed significant correlations between AGE accumulation, BMI, TG, total cholesterol (TC), and FBG (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
As the findings indicate, priority should be given to the quality of metabolic-related indicators, such as BMI, TG, and TC, employed to effectively reduce the FBG of Chinese participants with high AGE accumulation. Skin autofluorescence may prove to be a rapid and non-invasive method for assessing the metabolic progression of all glucose level layers.
CT-based skeletal muscle loss for predicting poor survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma experiencing curative hepatectomy plus adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization: a preliminary retrospective study
Authors: Yang Siwei , Zhang Zhiyuan , Su Tianhao , Yu Jianan , Cao Shasha , Wang Haochen , Jin Long 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate the prognostic value of skeletal muscle index (SMI) and its change in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) experiencing curative hepatectomy plus adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).Materials and methodsA total of 62 patients with HCC who underwent adjuvant TACE after curative hepatectomy were analysed retrospectively. Skeletal muscle area at the third lumbar level was quantitated using computed tomography images and was normalized for height squared to obtain skeletal muscle index (SMI). Skeletal muscle loss (SML) over 6 months was computed with two SMIs before and after hepatectomy plus adjuvant TACE. Correlation analyses were preformed to investigate factors associated with SML. The curves of cause-specific survival (CSS) were analysed using the Kaplan–Meier method. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess prognostic factors.ResultsLow SMI was diagnosed in 23(37.1%) patients preoperatively. The median SML standardized by 6 months was − 1.6% in the entire cohort. Liver cirrhosis and microvascular invasion correlated negatively with SML, respectively (r = − 0.320,P = 0.002; r = − 0.243,P = 0.021). Higher SML (< − 2.42%) predicted a significant reduction in CSS (P = 0.001), whereas low SMI did not(P = 0.687). Following the multivariate analysis for CSS, AFP > 400 ng/ml (HR, 5.643; 95%CI, 3.608–17.833;P < 0.001) and SML < − 2.42%(HR, 6.586; 95%CI, 3.610–22.210;P < 0.001) were independent predictors for poor CSS.ConclusionsSkeletal muscle loss during hepatectomy plus adjuvant TACE was remarkable. Higher SML was an independent risk factor for CSS in patients with HCC, especially those with liver cirrhosis.
“I was reaching out for help and they did not help me”: Mental healthcare in the carceral state
Authors: Preston Anna G. , Rosenberg Alana , Schlesinger Penelope , Blankenship Kim M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite the limitations the carceral environment may impose on mental wellness, mental healthcare is increasingly becoming a carceral endeavor. Over the course of the last several decades, prisons and jails have become the de facto mental healthcare provider for thousands of incarcerated individuals. Furthermore, practices like mandated mental healthcare for supervised individuals further broaden the population experiencing mental healthcare within the criminal legal system at large. This study examines the perspectives of nine individuals who experienced mental healthcare within the carceral state, whether in prison or on parole or probation, with a special focus on how attributes of the carceral state create ideological and functional barriers to effective mental healthcare.

Methods
Data for the parent study of this analysis was collected via in-depth, one-on-one interviews of about one hour’s length, conducted at six-month intervals over the course of 2 years. These interviews were analyzed using an iterative process of open-coding, thematic code development, and code application to participant interviews.

Results
The results showed a common perception of mental healthcare received within the carceral state as serving goals of the prison system, including control and punishment, rather than therapeutic goals of healing and empowerment. This often had negative implications for the quality of the treatment received, including patterns of diagnostic ambiguity, treatment that was ill-fitting to participants’ needs, and treatment that was undermined by the new trauma created by the prison environment. The results also highlighted racial disparities prevalent within the carceral system. Despite the barriers created by the subjection of therapeutic practices to carceral goals, participants demonstrated resourcefulness and creativity in engaging with these treatment modalities to reap benefits where possible.

Conclusions
Overall, these results highlight the inappropriateness of combining therapeutic and carceral spaces, the need for greater public attention to how carceral mechanisms disadvantage vulnerable populations, and the need for a cultural reconceptualization of mental illness such that it is met not with criminal punishment but appropriate care.
Comparative study of phytochemical profiles and morphological properties of some Damask roses from Iran
Authors: Omidi Mohammad , Khandan-Mirkohi Azizollah , Kafi Mohsen , Rasouli Omid , Shaghaghi Arezoo , Kiani Mahnaz , Zamani Zabihollah 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Rosa damascena is an aromatic rose species, which is cultivated for its essential oil, and is widely used in perfume, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food industries in the world. This experiment was conducted to evaluate essential oil and morphological variations of 26 Damask rose genotypes. For this purpose, the effect of harvest time, i.e., early morning or evening, and sampling type, i.e., fresh or dried petals, on oil content was evaluated. In addition, the composition of essential oil of the genotypes was determined using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS).

Results
Results showed that early morning was the preferable time for flower collection based on oil content. Furthermore, the oil yield of fresh petals was higher than that of the dried petals. Twenty-five volatile compounds were found in the extracted oils. β-Damascenone, a key marker for the quality of rose oil, was found in 22 genotypes and was more than 1.5% concentration in G3, G6, and G11 genotypes. The highest components of the oil of Damask rose genotypes were nonadecane (42.51%), β-citronellol (40.82%), n-heneicosane (34.69%), geraniol (27.76%), and n-tricosane (14.2%). A wide variation in flower characteristics, such as petal color (from white to nearly red) and petal numbers from about 25 to 95, were also recorded. The G2, G5, and G15 genotypes, originated from Isfahan, Fars, and Kerman, respectively, were selected based on petal number, flower weight, and essential oil content in fresh and dried petals.

Conclusions
Results suggest that morphological and biochemical diversity of Damask rose genotypes can be used effectively to characterize genetic diversity between different genotypes and to select special traits in breeding programs.

Graphical Abstract
Geomorphological processes and their connectivity in hillslope, fluvial, and coastal areas in Bangladesh: A review
Authors: Faisal B. M. Refat , Hayakawa Yuichi S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGeomorphological knowledge is critical in understanding watershed scale surface processes, including steep mountainous areas and flat lowlands, particularly if the mid- and downstream areas are densely populated and hazard assessments are highly required. However, our knowledge about such surface processes has relatively been limited in some areas in South Asia due likely to the lack of comprehensive studies of geomorphology and related fields. This article undertakes an overview of the geomorphological processes of the disaster-prone deltaic landscape of the Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna (GBM), particularly focusing on fluvial processes. The area locates in the downstream of the watershed system including Himalayan Mountains and highly connected with the upper basin morphodynamics, hydrology, and sediment flux. The previous studies are summarized at different geomorphic settings concerning hillslopes, fluvial plains, and coastal areas to provide clarity about the geomorphic processes linking erosion-prone upstream source areas to deposition-dominated downstream areas. The review found that most of the geomorphic researches in Bangladesh are exploring landslide inventory and susceptibility mapping in hilly areas; river channel or riverbank shifting, riverbank erosion and accretion in fluvial environments; watershed morphometric analysis and geomorphic unit identification in plain land; and coastline shifting or coastal erosion and accretion in coastal environments at a small scale. Then, we discuss the fluvial dynamics and sediment transport of the GBM river system to address the knowledge gap in the context of deltaic plain land in Bangladesh, where upstream fluvial sedimentation processes impact the geomorphic connectivity from Himalayan to the Bay of Bengal. Although some studies on the fluvial dynamics and sediment dispersal in the upstream GBM river basin are present, the fluvial processes in the downstream domain of Bangladesh are not fully understood with a limited number of research with field-based approaches. Some future perspectives of geomorphic research in Bangladesh are then mentioned to understand better the complex geomorphological settings in the entire GBM watershed and to strengthen the existing research capacity. This review will also develop a holistic understanding of fluvial geomorphic processes of the GBM River to the policymakers and may be helpful to improve the transboundary river basin management policies or strategies.
Machine learning-based ABA treatment recommendation and personalization for autism spectrum disorder: an exploratory study
Authors: Kohli Manu , Kar Arpan Kumar , Bangalore Anjali , AP Prathosh 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAutism spectrum is a brain development condition that impairs an individual’s capacity to communicate socially and manifests through strict routines and obsessive–compulsive behavior. Applied behavior analysis (ABA) is the gold-standard treatment for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, as the number of ASD cases increases, there is a substantial shortage of licensed ABA practitioners, limiting the timely formulation, revision, and implementation of treatment plans and goals. Additionally, the subjectivity of the clinician and a lack of data-driven decision-making affect treatment quality. We address these obstacles by applying two machine learning algorithms to recommend and personalize ABA treatment goals for 29 study participants with ASD. The patient similarity and collaborative filtering methods predicted ABA treatment with an average accuracy of 81–84%, with a normalized discounted cumulative gain of 79–81% (NDCG) compared to clinician-prepared ABA treatment recommendations. Additionally, we assess the two models’ treatment efficacy (TE) by measuring the percentage of recommended treatment goals mastered by the study participants. The proposed treatment recommendation and personalization strategy are generalizable to other intervention methods in addition to ABA and for other brain disorders. This study was registered as a clinical trial on November 5, 2020 with trial registration number CTRI/2020/11/028933.