bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Personal Finance Decisions with Untruthful Advisors: An Agent-Based Model
Authors: Mastroeni Loretta , Naldi Maurizio , Vellucci Pierluigi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractInvestors usually resort to financial advisors to improve their investment process until the point of complete delegation on investment decisions. Surely, financial advice is potentially a correcting factor in investment decisions but, in the past, the media and regulators blamed biased advisors for manipulating the expectations of naive investors. In order to give an analytic formulation of the problem, we present an Agent-Based Model formed by individual investors and a financial advisor. We parametrize the games by considering a compromise for the financial advisor (between a sufficient reward by bank and to keep her reputation), and a compromise for the customers (between the desired return and the proposed return by advisor), and incorporating the social psychological concepts of truthfulness and cognitive dissonance. Then we obtain the Nash equilibria and the best response functions of the resulting game. We also describe the parameter regions in which these points result acceptable equilibria. In this way, the greediness/naivety of the customers emerge naturally from the model. Finally, we focus on the efficiency of the best Nash equilibrium.
Advanced dynamic nonlinear schemes for geotechnical earthquake engineering applications: a review of critical aspects
Authors: Elia Gaetano , Rouainia Mohamed 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNonlinear time domain numerical approaches together with elasto-plastic effective stress soil constitutive models are nowadays available to geotechnical researchers and practitioners interested in geotechnical earthquake engineering. The use of such advanced two- and three-dimensional schemes allows the analysis and design of complex geotechnical structures within a performance-based framework, considering the build-up of excess pore water pressure during the earthquake, dynamic interaction between the soil deposit and the above surface buildings and infrastructures and effects of multi-directional seismic loading. Within this context, the paper focuses on the dynamic finite element (FE) method and presents a review of the key ingredients governing its predictive capabilities. These include i) the description of the fully coupled solid–fluid interaction formulation and time integration, ii) the calibration of Rayleigh damping and the soil constitutive model parameters, iii) prescription of the boundary conditions for the generated mesh and iv) input motion selection/scaling strategies. For each of the above points, the paper summarises the current knowledge and best practice, with the aim of providing protocols for a confident application of nonlinear FE schemes to evaluate the performance of critical geotechnical infrastructures. Useful hints to promote familiarity of advanced nonlinear soil dynamic analysis among geotechnical practitioners and to indicate areas for further improvement are also highlighted.
Bearing Capacity of Ring Foundations on Anisotropic and Heterogenous Clays: FEA, NGI-ADP, and MARS
Authors: Lai Van Qui , Shiau Jim , Keawsawasvong Suraparb , Tran Duy Tan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAxisymmetric solutions for the bearing capacity of ring foundation resting on anisotropic and heterogenous clays are presented in this paper using finite element analysis (FEA). The NGI-ADP model in PLAXIS FEA, a widely used anisotropic soil model, is adopted to study the stability responses of ring foundations, with special consideration given to the effects of increasing undrained shear strength with the depth. Numerical results are formulated in terms of a dimensionless stability number (bearing capacity ratio) that is a function of three dimensionless input parameters: namely, the ratio of inner and outer radius, the increasing strength gradient ratio, and the anisotropic shear strength ratio. The influence of each dimensionless input parameter on the bearing capacity ratio is investigated using design charts and failure mechanisms, and they are scored by relative importance indexes in multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) model—a machine learning approach. A highly accurate equation generated from the MARS model is proposed as an effective tool for engineering practitioners.
A family of horizon-penetrating coordinate systems for the Schwarzschild black hole geometry with Cauchy temporal functions
Authors: Röken Christian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe introduce a new family of horizon-penetrating coordinate systems for the Schwarzschild black hole geometry that feature time coordinates, which are specific Cauchy temporal functions, i.e., the level sets of these time coordinates are smooth, asymptotically flat, spacelike Cauchy hypersurfaces. Coordinate systems of this kind are well suited for the study of the temporal evolution of matter and radiation fields in the joined exterior and interior regions of the Schwarzschild black hole geometry, whereas the associated foliations can be employed as initial data sets for the globally hyperbolic development under the Einstein flow. For their construction, we formulate an explicit method that utilizes the geometry of—and structures inherent in—the Penrose diagram of the Schwarzschild black hole geometry, thus relying on the corresponding metrical product structure. As an example, we consider an integrated algebraic sigmoid function as the basis for the determination of such a coordinate system. Finally, we generalize our results to the Reissner–Nordström black hole geometry up to the Cauchy horizon. The geometric construction procedure presented here can be adapted to yield similar coordinate systems for various other spacetimes with the same metrical product structure.
Autonomic responses during Gambling: the Effect of Outcome Type and Sex in a large community sample of young adults
Authors: Hultman Cathrine , Vadlin Sofia , Rehn Mattias , Sescousse Guillaume , Nilsson Kent W , Åslund Cecilia 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPsychological theories consider autonomic arousal to be a reinforcer for problem gambling. Structural characteristics such as near-misses, which are non-win events that come close to a real win, have been shown to elicit win-like responses while increasing motivation and gambling persistence. This study investigated the autonomic and subjective responses of young adults to different gambling outcomes. This study also investigated sex differences in autonomic and subjective responses to different gambling outcomes.Participants from Sweden (n = 270) performed a computerized slot machine task that produced wins, near-misses (before and after payline) and full-misses. Phasic measurements of heart rate (HR) and skin conductance responses (SCR) were recorded during gambling performance and ratings of perceived chance of winning, pleasure and motivation to play were collected following each gambling outcome.Autonomic responses differed across slot machine outcomes as indicated by HR and SCR. Compared with other gambling outcomes, near-misses elicited the largest HR accelerations, and they also elicited larger HR decelerations and SCRs relative to full-misses. Near-misses before and after payline elicited differential psychophysiological responses and subjective reports, suggesting different emotional processing of near-miss subtypes. Females showed increased SCRs and motivation following win outcomes compared with males.In conclusion, wins, near-misses and full-misses generate differential physiological and subjective responses among young adults. Autonomic responses to wins differed between male and female players, emphasizing the need to consider sex differences when investigating the role of autonomic arousal in gambling.
Retraction Stigma and its Communication via Retraction Notices
Authors: Xu Shaoxiong Brian , Hu Guangwei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRetraction of published research is laudable as a post-publication self-correction of science but undesirable as an indicator of grave violations of research and publication ethics. Given its various adverse consequences, retraction has a stigmatizing effect both in and beyond the academic community. However, little theoretical attention has been paid to the stigmatizing nature of retraction. Drawing on stigma theories and informed by research on retraction, we advance a conceptualization of retraction as stigma. We define retraction stigma as a discrediting evaluation of the professional competence and academic ethics of the entities held accountable for retraction. Accordingly, we identify seven core dimensions of retraction stigma, consider its functional justifications at both social and psychological levels, and distinguish its various targets and stakeholders. In view of the central role of retraction notices, we also discuss how retraction stigma is communicated via retraction notices and how authors of retraction notices may exercise their retraction stigma power and manipulate the stigmatizing force of retraction notices. We conclude by recommending retraction stigma as a theoretical framework for future research on retraction and pointing out several directions that this research can take.
From sacred geometry to an old man: on the figure of the Father in Dante’s Divine Comedy and in Michelangelo’s Sistine Chapel
Authors: Pál József 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDante was exempt from the 15–16th century Renaissance humanists’ general distrust of the medieval heritage. Among many other factors, one reason for this was the experience of shared Florentine pride and destiny. In his time, Michelangelo was considered one of the best-qualified Dante-experts. Already in his lifetime (and with his knowledge), the literature began to thoroughly explore the influence of his predecessor on Michelangelo’s sculptures, paintings and poems. The paper discusses a new aspect of this influence. It seeks an answer to the question of how the representations of God can nevertheless be radically different in the Commedia and the ceiling fresco of the Sistine Chapel. How sacred geometry (the circles of the Trinity) is transformed into a vigorous old man, who directs the events of the creation like an aerial acrobat. The answer may be found in the Platonic theology and cosmology of Ficino’s Academy, which is the continuation of the Christian trend represented by Dionysius the Areopagite and Eriugena. The Father is in motion because, along with the world and man, He also creates himself; in contrast with the “outsider” claim of ego dominus et non mutor; he is also part of the “concert”.
Supportive care of patients diagnosed with high grade glioma and their carers in Australia
Authors: Halkett Georgia K. B. , Berg Melissa N. , Daudu Davina , Dhillon Haryana M. , Koh Eng-Siew , Ownsworth Tamara , Lobb Elizabeth , Phillips Jane , Langbecker Danette , Agar Meera , Hovey Elizabeth , Moorin Rachael , Nowak Anna K. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to: determine the supportive care available for Australian patients with High Grade Glioma (HGG) and their carers; identify service gaps; and inform changes needed to implement guidelines and Optimal Care Pathways.

Methods
This cross-sectional online survey recruited multidisciplinary health professionals (HPs) who were members of the Cooperative Trials Group for Neuro-Oncology involved in management of patients diagnosed with HGG in Australian hospitals. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Fisher's exact test was used to explore differences between groups.

Results
42 complete responses were received. A majority of MDT meetings were attended by a: neurosurgeon, radiation oncologist, medical oncologist, radiologist, and care coordinator. Less than 10% reported attendance by a palliative care nurse; physiotherapist; neuropsychologist; or speech therapist. Most could access referral pathways to a cancer care coordinator (76%), neuropsychologist (78%), radiation oncology nurse (77%), or psycho-oncologist (73%), palliative care (93–100%) and mental health professionals (60–85%). However, few routinely referred to an exercise physiologist (10%), rehabilitation physician (22%), dietitian (22%) or speech therapist (28%). Similarly, routine referrals to specialist mental health services were not standard practice. Nearly all HPs (94%) reported HGG patients were advised to present to their GP for pre-existing conditions/comorbidities; however, most HPs took responsibility (≤ 36% referred to GP) for social issues, mental health, symptoms, cancer complications, and treatment side-effects.

Conclusions
While certain services are accessible to HGG patients nationally, improvements are needed. Psychosocial support, specialist allied health, and primary care providers are not yet routinely integrated into the care of HGG patients and their carers despite these services being considered essential in clinical practice guidelines and optimal care pathways.
MGMT gene promoter methylation by pyrosequencing method correlates volumetric response and neurological status in IDH wild-type glioblastomas
Authors: Hosoya Tomohiro , Takahashi Masamichi , Honda-Kitahara Mai , Miyakita Yasuji , Ohno Makoto , Yanagisawa Shunsuke , Omura Takaki , Kawauchi Daisuke , Tamura Yukie , Kikuchi Miyu , Nakano Tomoyuki , Yoshida Akihiko , Igaki Hiroshi , Matsushita Yuko , Ichimura Koichi , Narita Yoshitaka 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Although the usefulness of O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation analysis for predicting response to chemoradiotherapy and the prognosis of patients with glioblastoma has been widely reported, there is still no consensus regarding how to define MGMT promoter methylation percentage (MGMTpm%) cutoffs by pyrosequencing method. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal cutoff value of MGMT promoter methylation status using volumetric analysis focused on the tumor volume ratio (TVR) measured by MRI.

Methods
This retrospective study included newly diagnosed IDH wild-type glioblastoma patients with residual tumor after surgery, followed by local radiotherapy with temozolomide. TVR was defined as the tumor volume at 6 months after the initial chemoradiotherapy administration divided by the tumor volume before the start of therapy. The mean MGMTpm% of 16 CpG islands (74–89) was analyzed using pyrosequencing. We statistically analyzed the correlation between MGMTpm%, TVR, and change in Karnofsky performance status.

Results
The study included 44 patients with residual tumors. Thirteen (92.9%) of 14 patients with MGMTpm% ≥ 23.9% showed 50% or more volumetric response, leading to prolonged survival, and 17 (70.8%) of 24 patients with MGMTpm% < 8.2% had progressive disease after initial chemoradiotherapy administration. Three (50.0%) of six patients with MGMTpm% 8.2% to < 23.9% had stable disease or partial response.

Conclusion
Evaluation of MGMTpm% by pyrosequencing is important in predicting the volumetric response and prognosis of glioblastoma patients with residual tumors.
Order preserving quotient lifting properties
Authors: Rao T. S. S. R. K. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSeveral properties of subspaces $$J \subset X$$

J
⊂
X

in a pair (X, J) with quotient lifting properties of different types are derived, giving emphasis to order-preserving properties for order unit spaces and spaces of affine continuous functions on Choquet simplexes.
A Machine Learning Approach to Price Indices: Applications in Commercial Real Estate
Authors: Calainho Felipe D. , van de Minne Alex M. , Francke Marc K. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article presents a model agnostic methodology for producing property price indices. The motivation to develop this methodology is to include non-linear and non-parametric models, such as Machine Learning (ML), in the pool of algorithms to produce price indices. The key innovation is the use of individual out-of-time prediction errors to measure price changes. The data used in this study consist of 29,998 commercial real estate transactions in New York, in the period 2000–2019. The results indicate that the prediction accuracy is higher for the ML models compared to linear models. On the other hand, ML algorithms depend more on the data used for calibration; they produce less stable results when applied to small samples and may exhibit estimation bias. Hence, measures to reduce or eliminate bias need to be implemented, taking into consideration the bias and variance trade-off.
Towards a Triple Helix based efficiency index of innovation systems
Authors: Jovanović Milica , Savić Gordana , Cai Yuzhuo , Levi-Jakšić Maja 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article presents a novel application of a two-phase Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for evaluating the efficiency of innovation systems based on the Triple Helix neo-evolutionary model. The authors identify a niche to measure Triple Helix-based efficiency of innovation systems scrutinizing different methodologies for measuring Triple Helix performance and indicating different perspectives on policy implications. The paper presents a new Triple Helix-based index that engages a comprehensive dataset and helps provide useful feedback to policymakers. It is based on a set of 19 indicators collected from the official reports of 34 OECD countries and applied in a two-phase DEA model: the indicators are aggregated into pillars according to the Assurance Region Global and DEA super-efficiency model; pillar scores are aggregated according to the Benefit-of-the-Doubt based DEA model. The results provide a rank of 34 countries outlining strengths and weaknesses of each observed innovation system. The research implies a variable set of weights to be a major advantage of DEA allowing less developed countries to excel in evaluating innovation systems efficiency. The results of Triple Helix efficiency index measurement presented in this paper help better account for the European Innovation Paradox.
Peer reviewers equally critique theory, method, and writing, with limited effect on the final content of accepted manuscripts
Authors: Stephen Dimity 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe primary aims of peer review are to detect flaws and deficiencies in the design and interpretation of studies, and ensure the clarity and quality of their presentation. However, it has been questioned whether peer review fulfils this function. Studies have highlighted a stronger focus of reviewers on critiquing methodological aspects of studies and the quality of writing in biomedical sciences, with less focus on theoretical grounding. In contrast, reviewers in the social sciences appear more concerned with theoretical underpinnings. These studies also found the effect of peer review on manuscripts’ content to be variable, but generally modest and positive. I qualitatively analysed 1430 peer reviewers’ comments for a sample of 40 social science preprint-publication pairs to identify the key foci of reviewers’ comments. I then quantified the effect of peer review on manuscripts by examining differences between the preprint and published versions using the normalised Levenshtein distance, cosine similarity, and word count ratios for titles, abstracts, document sections and full-texts. I also examined changes in references used between versions and linked changes to reviewers’ comments. Reviewers’ comments were nearly equally split between issues of methodology (30.7%), theory (30.0%), and writing quality (29.2%). Titles, abstracts, and the semantic content of documents remained similar, although publications were typically longer than preprints. Two-thirds of citations were unchanged, 20.9% were added during review and 13.1% were removed. These findings indicate reviewers equally attended to the theoretical and methodological details and communication style of manuscripts, although the effect on quantitative measures of the manuscripts was limited.
Broad Medical Uncertainty and the ethical obligation for openness
Authors: Brown Rebecca C. H. , de Barra Mícheál , Earp Brian D. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper argues that there exists a collective epistemic state of ‘Broad Medical Uncertainty’ (BMU) regarding the effectiveness of many medical interventions. We outline the features of BMU, and describe some of the main contributing factors. These include flaws in medical research methodologies, bias in publication practices, financial and other conflicts of interest, and features of how evidence is translated into practice. These result in a significant degree of uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of many medical treatments and unduly optimistic beliefs about the benefit/harm profiles of such treatments. We argue for an ethical presumption in favour of openness regarding BMU as part of a ‘Corrective Response’. We then consider some objections to this position (the ‘Anti-Corrective Response’), including concerns that public honesty about flaws in medical research could undermine trust in healthcare institutions. We suggest that, as it stands, the Anti-Corrective Response is unconvincing.
Expressing logical disagreement from within
Authors: Fjellstad Andreas 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAgainst the backdrop of the frequent comparison of theories of truth in the literature on semantic paradoxes with regard to which inferences and metainferences are deemed valid, this paper develops a novel approach to defining a binary predicate for representing the valid inferences and metainferences of a theory within the theory itself under the assumption that the theory is defined with a classical meta-theory. The aim with the approach is to obtain a tool which facilitates the comparison between a theory and its competitors within the theory itself, thereby expressing the disagreement between the theories within the theories. After discussing what we can and should require of an object-linguistic representation of a theory for that purpose, this paper proposes to restrict the representation of valid metainferences to locally valid metainferences, a requirement which turns out to be $$\omega $$
ω
-consistent and conservative over classical first-order arithmetic. This approach is then applied to four theories definable on strong Kleene models using a labelled nested sequent calculus.