bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strong coupling constant from moments of quarkonium correlators revisited
Authors: Petreczky Peter , Weber Johannes Heinrich 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe revisit previous determination of the strong coupling constant from moments of quarkonium correlators in (2 + 1)-flavor QCD. We use previously calculated moments obtained with Highly Improved Staggered Quark (HISQ) action for five different quark masses and several lattice spacings. We perform a careful continuum extrapolations of the moments and from the comparison of these to the perturbative result we determine the QCD Lambda parameter, $$\varLambda _{\overline{MS}}^{n_f=3}=332 \pm 17 \pm 2(scale)$$

Λ

MS

¯

n
f

=
3

=
332
±
17
±
2

(
s
c
a
l
e
)

MeV. This corresponds to $$\alpha _s^{n_f=5}(\mu =M_Z)=0.1177(12)$$

α
s

n
f

=
5

(
μ
=

M
Z

)

=
0.1177

(
12
)

.
Thermoelectric transport coefficients of quark matter
Authors: Abhisek Aman , Das Arpan , Kumar Deepak , Mishra Hiranmaya 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA thermal gradient and/or a chemical potential gradient in a conducting medium can lead to an electric field, an effect known as thermoelectric effect or Seebeck effect. In the context of heavy-ion collisions, we estimate the thermoelectric transport coefficients for quark matter within the ambit of the Nambu–Jona Lasinio (NJL) model. We estimate the thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and the Seebeck coefficient of hot and dense quark matter. These coefficients are calculated using the relativistic Boltzmann transport equation within relaxation time approximation. The relaxation times for the quarks are estimated from the quark–quark and quark–antiquark scattering through meson exchange within the NJL model. As a comparison to the NJL model estimation of the Seebeck coefficient, we also estimate the Seebeck coefficient within a quasiparticle approach.
Impact and dynamics of hate and counter speech online
Authors: Garland Joshua , Ghazi-Zahedi Keyan , Young Jean-Gabriel , Hébert-Dufresne Laurent , Galesic Mirta 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCitizen-generated counter speech is a promising way to fight hate speech and promote peaceful, non-polarized discourse. However, there is a lack of large-scale longitudinal studies of its effectiveness for reducing hate speech. To this end, we perform an exploratory analysis of the effectiveness of counter speech using several different macro- and micro-level measures to analyze 131,366 political conversations that took place on German Twitter over four years. We report on the dynamic interactions of hate and counter speech over time and provide insights into whether, as in ‘classic’ bullying situations, organized efforts are more effective than independent individuals in steering online discourse. Taken together, our results build a multifaceted picture of the dynamics of hate and counter speech online. While we make no causal claims due to the complexity of discourse dynamics, our findings suggest that organized hate speech is associated with changes in public discourse and that counter speech—especially when organized—may help curb hateful rhetoric in online discourse.
Bored log-grounds by teredinid bivalves in marine deposits from the Monos Formation (Upper Cretaceous) in central Cuba
Authors: Villegas-Martín Jorge , Serrano-Brañas Claudia Inés , Rojas-Consuegra Reinaldo , Arano-Ruiz Alberto , Verde Mariano , Borges-Sellen Carlos Rafael 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Borings of
Apectoichnus longissimus
and
Teredolites clavatus
are described from wood fragments preserved in sandstone deposits of the Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) Monos Formation in central Cuba. In addition, palaeobiological, palaeoecological and taphonomic implications of these are inferred. The borings are interpreted as mainly produced by Teredinid marine bivalves, which inhabited driftwood substrates. The taphonomic features such as mode of occurrence, density and position of the borings within the relict log-grounds suggest: (i) post-burial compaction of the xylic substrates by the surrounding sediments during burial, (ii) different ontogenetic stages and colonization episodes of teredinids on the studied wood fragments and (iii) different residence time of the wood fragments floating or near the sediment–water interface. Furthermore, the accumulation of wood fragments with
A
.
longissimus
and
T
.
clavatus
in the shallow marine deposits of the Monos Formation was probably the result of a marine transgression event in these deposits, thus leaving them exposed to attack by teredinid larvae. This study explores the life histories and taphonomic histories of teredinid bivalves and wood fragments in the Monos Formation, adding to the literature on ichnofossils in this lithostratigraphic unit.
The trouble with Facebook
Authors: Hong Jason 
Published: January 2022

The
Communications
website, http://cacm.acm.org, features more than a dozen bloggers in the BLOG@CACM community. In each issue of
Communications
, we'll publish selected posts or excerpts.

twitter

Follow us on Twitter at http://twitter.com/blogCACM
http://cacm.acm.org/blogs/blog-cacm
Jason Hong considers how computer scientists, technologists could help guide regulation of the social media giant.
Supporting people with autism spectrum disorders in the exploration of PoIs
Authors: Mauro Noemi , Ardissono Liliana , Cena Federica 
Published: January 2022

The suggestion of Points of Interest (PoIs) to people with autism spectrum disorders challenges the research about recommender systems by introducing an explicit need to consider both user preferences and aversions in item evaluation. The reason is that autistic users' perception of places is influenced by sensory aversions, which can cause stress and anxiety when they visit the suggested PoIs. Therefore, the management of individual preferences is not enough to provide these people with suitable recommendations.
To address this issue, we propose a Top-N recommendation model that combines information about the user's idiosyncratic aversions with her/his preferences in a personalized way. The goal is that of suggesting the places that (s)he can like and smoothly experience at the same time. We are interested in finding a user-specific balance of compatibility and interest within a recommendation model that integrates heterogeneous evaluation criteria to appropriately take these aspects into account.
We tested our model on 148 adults, 20 of which were people with autism spectrum disorders. The evaluation results show that, on both groups, our model achieves superior accuracy and ranking results than the recommender systems based on item compatibility, on user preferences, or which integrate these aspects using a uniform evaluation model. These findings encourage us to use our model as a basis for the development of inclusive recommender systems.
Systematic Review of Sex Differences in Ischemic Strokes Among Young Adults: Are Young Women Disproportionately at Risk?
Authors: Leppert Michelle H. , Burke James F. , Lisabeth Lynda D. , Madsen Tracy E. , Kleindorfer Dawn O. , Sillau Stefan , Schwamm Lee H. , Daugherty Stacie L. , Bradley Cathy J. , Ho P. Michael , Poisson Sharon N. 
Published: January 2022

Background and Purpose:
Recent evidence suggests that young women (18–45 years) may be at higher risk of ischemic strokes than men of the same age. The goal of this systematic review is to reconcile and synthesize existing evidence of sex differences among young adults with ischemic strokes.

Methods:
We searched PubMed from January 2008 to July 2021 for relevant articles and reviews and consulted their references. We included original studies that (1) were population based and (2) reported stroke incidence by sex or sex-specific incidence rate ratios of young adults ≤45 years. We excluded studies that (1) omitted measurements of error for incidence rates or incidence rate ratios, (2) omitted age adjustment, and (3) were not in English. Statistical synthesis was performed to estimate sex difference by age group (≤35, 35–45, and ≤45) and stroke type.

Results:

We found 19 studies that reported on sex-specific stroke incidence among young adults, including 3 that reported on overlapping data. Nine studies did not find a statistically significant sex difference among young adults ≤45 years. Three studies found higher rates of ischemic stroke among men among young adults ≥30 to 35 years. Four studies found more women with ischemic strokes among young adults ≤35 years. Overall, in young adults ≤35 years, the estimated effect size favored more ischemic strokes in women (incidence rate ratio, 1.44 [1.18–1.76],
I
2
=82%) and a nonsignificant sex difference in young adults 35 to 45 years (incidence rate ratio, 1.08 [0.85–1.38],
I
2
=95%).

Conclusions:
Overall, there were 44% more women ≤35 years with ischemic strokes than men. This gap narrows in young adults, 35 to 45 years, and there is conflicting evidence whether more men or women have ischemic strokes in the 35 to 45 age group.
Truth and Semiotic Phenomenology
Authors: Zhao Yiheng , Liu Na 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Truth is the core issue of any theory of meaning, and the pursuit of truth is the fundamental driving force of human consciousness. Is the appearance of truth true? In what sense is it truth? How do we obtain truth? Can a final truth be obtained? These are among the most difficult questions to answer in the theory of meaning and the best divergence points in various meaning theories. Peirce’s semiotic phenomenology puts forward a view of truth that can be grasped clearly but is nevertheless complex and different from pragmatism. First, meaning activity is the pursuit of truth. Second, no semiotic representation can be totally untrue or completely true. Third, to access truth there must be an accumulation of semiotic activities until the consensus of a community is reached, called a ‘communitarian truth’. Fourth, since the community has no boundaries, the infinite derivative of symbolic text can gradually approach the ideal truth.
Impact of traumatic life events on clinical variables of individuals with first-episode psychosis and healthy controls
Authors: Butjosa Anna , Usall Judith , Vila-Badia Regina , Mezquida Gisela , Cuesta Manuel J , Rodríguez-Toscano Elisa , Amoretti Silvia , Lobo Antonio , González-Pinto Ana , Espliego Ana , Corripio Iluminada , Vieta Eduard , Baeza Inmaculada , Bergé Dani , Bernardo Miguel , Bioque Miquel , García-Rizo Clemente , Mayoral María , Merchan Jessica , Alonso-Solís Anna , Rabella Mireia , López Purificación , Zorrilla Iñaki , De-la-Cámara Concepción , Barcones Fe , Sanjuan Julio , Dolores Moltó Mª , Morro Laura , Monserrat Clara , Verdolini Norma , Salagre Estela , la Serna Elena de , Castro-Fornieles Josefina , Contreras Fernández Fernando , Saiz Masvidal Cristina , Paz Garcia-Portilla Maria , Bousoño Manuel , Gutiérrez Fraile Miguel , Zabala Rabadán Arantzazu , Dompablo Mónica , Rodriguez-Jimenez Roberto , Rubio-Abadal Elena , Pardo Marta , Sarró Salvador , Pomarol-Clotet Edith , Ibanez Angela , Sánchez-Torres Ana M. , Selva-Vera Gabriel 
Published: January 2022

Background: Traumatic life events (TLEs) are one of the most robust environmental risk factors for the onset of first-episode psychosis (FEP). Aims: To explore TLEs in FEP patients and healthy controls (HC), to analyze gender differences and to examine whether TLEs were associated with sociodemographic, clinical and psychofunctional variables in all FEP sample and split by age. Methods: Descriptive and cross-sectional study. Three hundred and thirty-five FEP and 253 HC were recruited at 16 Spanish mental health research centers. The Traumatic Experiences in Psychiatric Outpatients Questionnaire was administered. Results: We found a higher number of TLEs in FEP than in HC, and the proportion of individuals with three or more TLEs was significantly higher in the FEP group. No differences were found in terms of gender and age. There was no relationship between total number of TLEs and psychotic symptomatology and functional outcomes. Conclusions: The number and cumulative TLEs should be taken into account in the detection, epidemiology and process of recovery in FEP.
Pilot Social Network Weight Loss Intervention With Two Immigrant Populations During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wieland Mark L. , Njeru Jane W. , Asiedu Gladys B. , Zeratsky Katherine A. , Clark Matthew M. , Goetze Rachel , Patten Christi A. , Kelpin Sydney S. , Novotny Paul , Lantz Kiley , Ahmed Yahye , Molina Luz , Porraz Capetillo Graciela , Osman Ahmed , Goodson Miriam , Sia Irene 
Published: January 2022

Purpose To examine the feasibility and acceptability of a social network weight loss intervention delivered by lay health promoters (HPs) to immigrant populations. Design Single-arm, non-randomized, pilot study of a social network weight loss intervention developed by a community-based participatory research partnership and delivered by HPs. Setting Community-based setting in Southeastern Minnesota, United States. Sample Somali and Hispanic immigrants to the United States: 4 social networks of adults (2 Hispanic and 2 Somali) with 39 network participants. Intervention Twelve-week behavioral weight loss intervention delivered by HPs (4 weeks in-person and then 8 weeks virtual). Measures Feasibility was assessed by recruitment and retention rates. Acceptability was assessed by surveys and focus groups with HPs and participants. Behavioral measures included servings of fruits and vegetables, drinking soda, and physical activity. Physiologic measures included weight, blood pressure, glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides. Analysis Paired t-tests of pre- to post-intervention changes at the end of 12 weeks of treatment. Results Recruitment was feasible and post-intervention was 100%. Participants highly rated the intervention on satisfaction, motivation, and confidence to eat a healthy diet, be physically active, and lose weight. Participants were motivated by group social support and cohesion of their social networks. On average, participants lost weight (91.6 ± 15.9 to 89.7 ± 16.6 kg, P < .0001), lowered their systolic blood pressure (133.9±16.9 to 127.2 ± 15.8 mm Hg; P < .001), lowered their diastolic blood pressure (81 ± 9.5 to 75.8 ± 9.6 mm Hg; P < .0001), had more servings of vegetables per day (1.9 ± 1.2 to 2.6 ± 1.4; P < .001), and increased their physical activity (2690 ± 3231 to 6595 ± 7322 MET-minutes per week; P = .02). Conclusion This pilot study of 2 immigrant communities who participated in a peer-led weight loss social network intervention delivered during the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated high feasibility and acceptability. Participants lost weight, improved their health status, and improved their health behaviors.
Current costs of dialysis modalities: A comprehensive analysis within the United Kingdom
Authors: Roberts Gareth , Holmes Jennifer , Williams Gail , Chess James , Hartfiel Ned , Charles Joanna M , McLauglin Leah , Noyes Jane , Edwards Rhiannon Tudor 
Published: January 2022

Background: Previous evidence suggests home-based dialysis to be more cost-effective than unit-based or hospital-based dialysis. However, previous analyses to quantify the costs of different dialysis modalities have used varied perspectives, different methods, and required assumptions due to lack of available data. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence reports uncertainty about the differences in costs between home-based and unit-based dialysis. This uncertainty limits the ability of policy makers to make recommendations based on cost effectiveness, which also impacts on the ability of budget holders to model the impact of any service redesign and to understand which therapies deliver better value. The aim of our study was to use a combination of top-down and bottom-up costing methods to determine the direct medical costs of different dialysis modalities in one UK nation (Wales) from the perspective of the National Health Service (NHS). Methods: Detailed hybrid top-down and bottom-up micro-costing methods were applied to estimate the direct medical costs of dialysis modalities across Wales. Micro-costing data was obtained from commissioners of the service and from interviews with renal consultants, nurses, accountants, managers and allied health professionals. Top-down costing information was obtained from the Welsh Renal Clinical Network (who commission renal services across Wales) and the Welsh Ambulance Service Trust. Results: The annual direct cost per patient for home-based modalities was £16,395 for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), £20,295 for automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) and £23,403 for home-based haemodialysis (HHD). The annual cost per patient for unit-based modalities depended on whether or not patients required ambulance transport. Excluding transport, the cost of dialysis was £19,990 for satellite units run in partnership with independent sector providers and £23,737 for hospital units managed and staffed by the NHS. When ambulance transport was included, the respective costs were £28,931 and £32,678, respectively. Conclusion: Our study is the most comprehensive analysis of the costs of dialysis undertaken thus far in the United Kingdom and clearly demonstrate that CAPD is less costly than other dialysis modalities. When ambulance transport costs are included, other home therapies (APD and HHD) are also less costly than unit-based dialysis. This detailed analysis of the components that contribute to dialysis costs will help inform future cost-effectiveness studies, inform healthcare policy and drive service redesign.
The association between lupus serology and disease outcomes: A systematic literature review to inform the treat-to-target approach in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Kostopoulou Myrto , Ugarte-Gil Manuel F , Pons-Estel Bernardo , van Vollenhoven Ronald F , Bertsias George 
Published: January 2022

Introduction Serological markers such as anti-double stranded (ds)DNA antibodies and complement fractions C3/C4, are integral components of disease activity assessment in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, it remains uncertain whether treatment should aim at restoration of serological abnormalities. Objectives To analyze and critically appraise the literature on the prognostic impact of active lupus serology despite clinical disease quiescence. Methods A systematic literature review was performed in PubMed and EMBASE using the PICOT(S) (population, index, comparator, outcome(s), timing, setting) system to identify studies evaluating the association of serum anti-dsDNA, C3 and C4 levels assessed at the time of clinical remission or during the disease course, against the risk for impending flares and organ damage. Risk of bias was determined by the Quality in Prognosis Studies and ROB2 tools for observational and randomized controlled studies, respectively. Results Fifty-three studies were eligible, the majority having moderate (70.6%) or high (11.8%) risk of bias and not adequately controlling for possible confounders. C3 hypocomplementemia during stable/inactive disease was associated with increased risk (2.0 to 3.8-fold) for subsequent flare in three out of seven relevant studies. Three out of four studies reported a significant effect of C4 hypocomplementemia on flare risk, including one study in lupus nephritis (likelihood ratio-positive 12.0). An increased incidence of flares (2.0 to 2.8-fold) was reported in 11 out of 16 studies assessing the prognostic effect of high anti-dsDNA, and similarly, the majority of studies yielded significant relationships with renal flares. Six studies examined the effect of combined (rather than individual) serological activity, confirming the increased risk (2.0 to 2.7-fold) for relapses. No consistent association was found with organ damage. Conclusion Notwithstanding the heterogeneity and risk of bias, existing evidence indicates a modest association between abnormal serology and risk for flare in patients with stable/inactive SLE. These findings provide limited support for inclusion of serology in the treat-to-target approach but rationalize to further investigate their prognostic implications especially in lupus nephritis.
Targets of Tripterygium glycosides in systemic lupus erythematosus treatment: A network-pharmacology study
Authors: Xiao Lu , Xiao Wei , Zhan Feng 
Published: January 2022

Objective We aimed to explore the underlying mechanism of Tripterygium glycosides (TGs) in treating systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) through network-pharmacology approach. Methods The protein targets of TGs’ three active ingredients (triptolide, tripterine, and wilforlide) and SLE were identified by database search. Then, the intersection of the two groups was studied. The drug–target network between the active ingredients of TGs and the overlapping genes was constructed, visualized, and analyzed with Cytoscape software. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment were performed to analyze these genes. Finally, we validated our predictions of the potential targets through docking study. Results A total of 55 overlapping genes were discovered. Results suggested that the TGs’ mechanism in SLE treatment was associated with heat shock protein family A member 5, heat shock protein family A member 8, eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1, and so forth with their related 4042 gene network, which regulated ribosome, spliceosome, viral carcinogenesis, Epstein–Barr virus infection signaling, and so forth. Molecular-docking analysis proved that hydrogen bonding was the main form of interaction. Conclusions Our research provided the protein targets affected by TGs in SLE treatment. The key targets (CASP3, MAPK1, HIF1A, and so forth) involving 4042 proteins became the multitarget mechanism of TGs in SLE treatment.
Impact of foeto-maternal resuscitation and perimortem caesarean section simulation training: An opinion survey of healthcare participants
Authors: Kong Choi Wah , To William Wing Kee 
Published: January 2022

Background: The incidence of maternal cardiac arrest is rising in recent years. Medical staff generally lack the experience of performing resuscitation on pregnant patients. Maternal cardiac arrest and perimortem caesarean section simulation training was newly introduced in the Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics provider courses in Hong Kong since April 2021. Objective: To evaluate the course participants’ opinions on maternal cardiac arrest simulation training. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted for all participants in the Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics provider course in April 2021 to assess their opinions on the usefulness of this training. Results: There were four Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics provider courses in April 2021 with 36 participants in each course, and 137 questionnaires were received at the end of the course. The response rate was 137/144 (95.1%). After excluding the questionnaires with incomplete information, 134 questionnaires were included for final analysis. Almost all of the participants agreed that the maternal cardiac arrest simulation training could help them in their work (97.8%), could improve their knowledge and skill (98.5%) and could improve team training and co-ordination (97.0%). The majority of them (97.0%) felt more confident in managing maternal cardiac arrest after the training, and 97.8% of participants felt that the perimortem caesarean section model was useful for training. Around 80% of the participants would recommend this course to their colleagues. There were no significant differences in opinions on the usefulness of this training among participants with regard to their specialty, whether they were doctors or nurses, their years of experience and the specific hospital settings. Conclusions: Maternal cardiac arrest simulation training was highly valued by all levels of obstetric, emergency medicine and anaesthesia staff in both public and private hospitals.