bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated Vehicles for People With Dementia: A “Tremendous Potential” That “Has Ways to go”―Reports of a Qualitative Study
Authors: Haghzare Shabnam , Stasiulis Elaine , Delfi Ghazaleh , Mohamud Hodan , Rapoport Mark J , Naglie Gary , Mihailidis Alex , Campos Jennifer L 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background and Objectives
The prospect of automated vehicles (AVs) has generated excitement among the public and the research community about their potential to sustain the safe driving of people with dementia. However, no study to date has assessed the views of people with dementia on whether AVs may address their driving challenges.

Research Design and Methods
This mixed-methods study included two phases, completed by nine people with dementia. Phase I included questionnaires and individual semistructured interviews on attitudes toward using different types of AVs (i.e., partially or fully automated). Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to assess participants’ underlying reasons for and against AV use. The participants’ identified reasons against AV use informed the focus group discussions in Phase II, where participants were asked to reflect on potential means of overcoming their hesitancies regarding AV use.

Results
The results showed that people with dementia might place higher levels of trust in fully automated compared to partially automated AVs. In addition, while people with dementia expressed multiple incentives to use AVs (e.g., regaining personal freedom), they also had hesitations about AV use. These hesitancies were based on their perceptions about AVs (e.g., cost), their own abilities (i.e., potential challenges operating an AV), and driving conditions (i.e., risk of driving in adverse weather conditions).

Discussion and Implications
The findings of this study can help promote the research community’s appreciation and understanding of the significant potential of AVs for people with dementia while elucidating the potential barriers of AV use by people with dementia.
A social scientific self-reflection of co-developing an acoustic stock sampling method in the Bay of Biscay
Authors: Köpsel Vera 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis story from the frontlines reflects on the process of engaging with artisanal fishers in the Bay of Biscay (France) for co-developing a new method for acoustic fish stock sampling. The case discussed here was set in the frame of the EU H2020 project PANDORA, starting in May 2018 and ending in April 2022. From the perspective of a social scientifically trained human geographer and based on a dialogue with her colleagues in France, the author reflects on the motivations, expectations, and goals of the researchers of the engagement process and contrasts them with the actual outcomes. As the backdrop of this reflection serve theoretical considerations about the importance of researchers’ awareness of their own role and motivations in engagement processes and the (hidden) agendas that all parties bring to the table, as well as some thoughts about the relevance we attribute to scientific and experiential knowledge. In particular, this article highlights four aspects that importantly contributed to the success of the co-development activities: a joint problem definition, a certain co-dependency between researchers and stakeholders, sound project and budget planning, and the motivations and expectations of the “engagers”—those researchers who initiate and facilitate engagement processes.
Determination of 19 Fragrance Allergens in Paper Household Goods by Solid-Liquid Extraction-Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction-GC-MS
Authors: Yi Zonghui , Chen Jing , Yong Li , Zhou Chen , Yuan Yue , Li Yongxin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Fragrance allergens (FAs) refer to these volatile or semi-volatile fragrance compounds that can induce sensitization, and they are widely used in household goods.

Objective
In this work, a method combining solid-liquid extraction (SLE) and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has been developed and applied in the analysis of 19 FAs (including hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, and phenols) in paper household goods.

Method
The samples (infant or personal paper hygiene products) were cut into small pieces and underwent SLE with methanol as solvent. The supernatant was taken, and ultrapure water, sodium chloride, and trichloromethane (extractant) were added, which was mixed with vortex. After centrifugation, the bottom chloroform layer was taken for GC-MS detection.

Results
Under optimized conditions, a good linearity was achieved (r ≥ 0.9985) in the range of 0.01–128.0 mg/kg with relative standard deviations lower than 15%. The method showed limits of detection (LODs) within the range of 0.96–12.0 µg/kg and recoveries from 70.6% to 128.9%, except furfuryl alcohol with low recoveries (53.8–64.6%). Twenty kinds of paper household goods samples were analyzed by this method; nine FAs were detected. The linalool detected in one sample was more than 10 mg/kg, and the contents of other analytes in this sample and all analytes in other samples were less than 10 mg/kg.

Conclusions
The performance evaluation of the method met the requirements of the analysis of trace components. The established method was successfully applied to the detection of FAs in paper household goods samples. The proposed method could provide a basis for the establishment of relevant detection standards in the future.

Highlights
The LODs were found between 0.96 and 12.0 µg/kg. A simple, economical, and sensitive method was established for the determination of 19 FAs in paper household goods.
Development and Validation of an UHPLC–MS/MS Method for the Determination of 32 Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Chinese Wild Honey
Authors: Wu Haiping , Fan Dingyan , Cheng Jiangchuang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Studies on pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) contamination in honey produced in China are scarce. Previously reported HPLC–MS/MS methods for the determination of PAs in honey often suffer from insufficient separation and uncertainties in PA isomers.

Objective
To develop and validate an Ultra-HPLC (UHPLC)–MS/MS method for baseline separation of PA isomers towards precise determination of 32 PAs in Chinese wild honey.

Methods
PAs were extracted from honey samples and separated on an ACQUITY BEH C18 (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.7 µm) column with (A) 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution containing 5 mM ammonium acetate and (B) methanol as mobile phase. The column temperature was maintained at 30°C, and flow rate was 0.3 mL/min. Detection was performed by tandem mass spectrometry. The total run time was reduced to 18 min.

Results
Thirty-one of 32 PAs were baseline separated efficiently within 18 min. The LOD and LOQ were 0.06–0.25 µg/kg and 0.22–0.82 µg/kg, respectively, except for that of clivorine, for which LOD and LOQ were 2.03 and 6.78 µg/kg, respectively. The average recoveries ranged between 66.3 and 95.1% and the average RSDs were 3.2 to 8%. The established method was used to analyze PAs in 22 types of Chinese wild honey, and the predominant PAs found in these honey samples were intermedine and lycopsamine.

Conclusion
A high-throughput method for the determination of isomeric PAs in honey was developed and validated. Five of the 22 types of Chinese wild honey were contaminated with PAs concentrations of 2.2–207.0 µg/kg.

Highlights
A new method capable of monitoring more PAs and providing better separation than previously reported protocols for the determination of multiclass PAs in honey is established.
Toxicological Investigation of a Case Series Involving the Synthetic Cathinone α-Pyrrolidinohexiophenone (α-PHP) and Identification of Phase I and II Metabolites in Human Urine
Authors: Grapp Marcel , Kaufmann Christoph , Schwelm Hannes M , Neukamm Merja A 
Published: August 2022

Abstractα-Pyrrolidinohexiophenone (α-PHP) is a derivative of the class of α-pyrrolidinophenones, a subgroup of synthetic cathinones. These substances are the second most abused drugs of new psychoactive substances. Here, we report the toxicological investigation of a series of 29 authentic forensic and clinical cases with analytically confirmed intake of α-PHP including two cases of drug testing in newborns using meconium. The age range of subjects where serum samples were available was 23–51 years (median 39.5), and 90% were male. Serum α-PHP concentrations, determined by a validated LC–MS-MS method, showed a high variability ranging from 1 to 83 ng/mL (mean, 40 ng/mL; median, 36 ng/mL). Comprehensive toxicological analysis revealed co-consumption of other psychotropic drugs in almost all cases with frequent occurrence of opiates (60%), benzodiazepines (35%), cannabinoids (30%), and cocaine (20%). Hence, forensic and clinical symptoms like aggressive behavior, sweating, delayed physical response, and impaired balance could not be explained by the abuse of α-PHP alone but rather by poly-intoxications. Liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to investigate the metabolism of α-PHP in vivo using authentic human urine samples. Altogether, 11 phase I metabolites and 5 phase II glucuronides could be identified by this approach. Apart from the parent drug, most abundant findings in urine were the metabolites dihydroxy-pyrrolidinyl-α-PHP and dihydro-α-PHP and, to a lesser extent, 2ʹ-oxo-dihydro-α-PHP and 2ʹ-oxo-α-PHP. Monitoring of these metabolites along with the parent drug in forensic and clinical toxicology could unambiguously prove the abuse of the novel designer drug α-PHP.
Examples of Risk Tools for Pests in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) Developed for Five Countries Using Microsoft Excel
Authors: Jordan David L , Buol Greg S , Brandenburg Rick L , Reisig Dominic , Nboyine Jerry , Abudulai Mumuni , Oteng-Frimpong Richard , Brandford Mochiah Moses , Asibuo James Y , Arthur Stephen , Akromah Richard , Mhango Wezi , Chintu Justus , Morichetti Sergio , Paredes Juan A , Monguillot Joaquin H , Singh Jadon Kuldeep , Shew Barbara B , Jasrotia Poonam , Thirumalaisamy P P , Harish G , Holajjer Prasanna , Maheshala Nataraja , MacDonald Greg , Hoisington David , Rhoads James 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Suppressing pest populations below economically-damaging levels is an important element of sustainable peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production. Peanut farmers and their advisors often approach pest management with similar goals regardless of where they are located. Anticipating pest outbreaks using field history and monitoring pest populations are fundamental to protecting yield and financial investment. Microsoft Excel was used to develop individual risk indices for pests, a composite assessment of risk, and costs of risk mitigation practices for peanut in Argentina, Ghana, India, Malawi, and North Carolina (NC) in the United States (US). Depending on pests and resources available to manage pests, risk tools vary considerably, especially in the context of other crops that are grown in sequence with peanut, cultivars, and chemical inputs. In Argentina, India, and the US where more tools (e.g., mechanization and pesticides) are available, risk indices for a wide array of economically important pests were developed with the assumption that reducing risk to those pests likely will impact peanut yield in a positive manner. In Ghana and Malawi where fewer management tools are available, risks to yield and aflatoxin contamination are presented without risk indices for individual pests. The Microsoft Excel platform can be updated as new and additional information on effectiveness of management practices becomes apparent. Tools can be developed using this platform that are appropriate for their geography, environment, cropping systems, and pest complexes and management inputs that are available. In this article we present examples for the risk tool for each country.
Validity and safety of laparoscopic gastrectomy with D1+ lymphadenectomy for very elderly advanced gastric cancer patients; retrospective cohort study
Authors: Fujimoto Daisuke , Taniguchi Keizo , Takashima Junpei , Miura Fumihiko , Kobayashi Hirotoshi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
It remains unclear whether laparoscopic gastrectomy with optimal lymphadenectomy is appropriate for very elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer. This study aimed to assess the validity of laparoscopic gastrectomy with D1+ lymphadenectomy performed for advanced gastric cancer in patients aged 80 years or more.

Methods
Included in this retrospective study were 122 patients who underwent curative laparoscopic gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer between 2013 and 2018. All patients over 80 years old underwent laparoscopic gastrectomy with D1+ lymphadenectomy. We divided patients by age between those who were very elderly (age ≥ 80 years; very elderly group [n = 57]) and those who were non-very elderly (age &lt; 80 years; control group [n = 65]), and we compared patient and clinicopathological characteristics, intraoperative outcomes, and short- and long-term outcomes between the two groups. We also performed multivariate analyses to identify predictors of postoperative prognosis.

Results
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status of grade 2 or higher and mean Charlson comorbidity index score and body mass index were significantly different between the very elderly group and the control group. Adjuvant chemotherapy was used in relatively few very elderly group patients. Operation time, blood loss volume, and postoperative morbidity and mortality did not differ between the two groups. The overall survival and disease-specific survival rate of very elderly group patients with the Charlson comorbidity index score of &lt;3 was not significantly different from that of the control group patients.

Conclusion
The treatment of advanced gastric cancer by laparoscopic gastrectomy with D1+ lymphadenectomy to be both safe and effective in the very elderly group patients with the Charlson comorbidity index score of &lt;3.
Two New Species and New Records of Sepsidae from the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Nascimento Raimundo F O , Esposito Maria C , Carvalho-Filho Fernando S 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The dipteran fauna from the Brazilian Amazon remains poorly known, including that of forensic interest, such as the Sepsidae. The sepsid fauna of two secondary forests in the eastern Amazon was surveyed utilizing rotting bovine lung and feces (humans, bovines, and monkeys). We obtained 17 sespid species in six genera, most of them on bovine dung and rotting bovine lung. Two new species are described herein: Archisepsis bosque sp. nov. and Archisepsis verae sp. nov. The genus Palaeosepsis Duda, 1926 and the species Archisepsis polychaeta (Ozerov, 1993), Archisepsis diversiformis (Ozerov, 1993), Microsepsis mitis (Curran, 1927), Meropliosepsis sexsetosa Duda, 1926, and Palaeosepsis cf. golovastikOzerov, 2004 are newly recorded from the Brazilian Amazon.
Severity of Illness Caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Variants of Concern in Children: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Edward Priya R , Lorenzo-Redondo Ramon , Reyna Megan E , Simons Lacy M , Hultquist Judd F , Patel Ami B , Ozer Egon A , Muller William J , Heald-Sargent Taylor , McHugh Matthew , Dean Taylor , Dalal Raj M , John Jordan , Manz Shannon C , Kociolek Larry K 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Recent COVID-19 surges are attributed to emergence of more transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs). The relative severity of VOCs in children is unknown.

Methods
We performed a single-center retrospective cohort study of children ≤18 years old diagnosed with COVID-19 from October 2020–February 2022 and whose SARS-CoV-2 isolate underwent Illumina sequencing. We measured the frequency of five markers of COVID-19 severity. Logistic regression models were fitted to estimate the odds of each severity marker with each VOC.

Results
Among 714 children, 471 (66.0%) were infected with a VOC: 96 (13.4%) alpha, 38 (5.3%) gamma, 119 (16.7%) delta, and 215 (30.1%) omicron. High-risk medical conditions and increasing age were independently associated with COVID-19 severity. After adjusting for age, race, ethnicity, high-risk medical conditions, and COVID-19 community incidence, neither alpha, delta, nor omicron was associated with severe COVID-19. Gamma was independently associated with hospitalization (OR 6.7, 95% CI 2.0–22.1); pharmacologic treatment (OR 5.7, 95% CI 1.2–26.8); respiratory support (OR 11.9, 95% CI 2.7–62.4); and severe disease per the WHO Clinical Progression Scale (OR 11.7, 95% CI 2.1–90.5). Upon subgroup analyses, omicron was independently associated with ICU admission and severe disease per the WHO Clinical Progression Scale in children without SARS-CoV-2 immunization or prior COVID-19 infection.

Conclusions
Compared to non-VOC COVID-19, the gamma VOC was independently associated with increased COVID-19 severity, as was omicron in children without SARS-CoV-2 immunization or prior COVID-19 infection. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and prior COVID-19 prevented severe outcomes during the omicron surge.
A solitary giant neurofibroma of the left thigh: a case report
Authors: Okamoto Maki , Ueda Takayuki , Fukui Michika , Mitsui Toshihito , Masuoka Hiromu , Hihara Masakatsu , Kakudo Natsuko 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A neurofibroma not associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 is termed solitary neurofibroma. A solitary giant neurofibroma of the thigh is an extremely rare tumor. A 44-year-old woman presented to us with a well-defined swelling on her left thigh for 10 years. On the basis of magnetic resonance image finding, we diagnosed the tumor as a neurofibroma. We excised the tumor and the pathological findings established the diagnosis of neurofibroma. There was no recurrence 8-months after surgery.
A versatile Cas12k-based genetic engineering toolkit (C12KGET) for metabolic engineering in genetic manipulation-deprived strains
Authors: Cui Yali , Dong Huina , Tong Baisong , Wang Huiying , Chen Xipeng , Liu Guangqing , Zhang Dawei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The genetic modification of microorganisms is conducive to the selection of high-yield producers of high-value-added chemicals, but a lack of genetic tools hinders the industrialization of most wild species. Therefore, it is crucial to develop host-independent gene editing tools that can be used for genetic manipulation-deprived strains. The Tn7-like transposon from Scytonema hofmanni has been shown to mediate homologous recombination-independent genomic integration after heterologous expression in Escherichia coli, but the integration efficiency of heterologous sequences larger than 5 kb remains suboptimal. Here, we constructed a versatile Cas12k-based genetic engineering toolkit (C12KGET) that can achieve genomic integration of fragments up to 10 kb in size with up to 100% efficiency in challenging strains. Using C12KGET, we achieved the first example of highly efficient genome editing in Sinorhizobium meliloti, which successfully solved the problem that industrial strains are difficult to genetically modify, and increased vitamin B12 production by 25%. In addition, Cas12k can be directly used for transcriptional regulation of genes with up to 92% efficiency due to its naturally inactivated nuclease domain. The C12KGET established in this study is a versatile and efficient marker-free tool for gene integration as well as transcriptional regulation that can be used for challenging strains with underdeveloped genetic toolkits.
Results of NC-6300 (Nanoparticle Epirubicin) in an Expansion Cohort of Patients with Angiosarcoma
Authors: Riedel Richard F , Chua Victoria , Moradkhani Ania , Krkyan Natalie , Ahari Amir , Osada Atsushi , Chawla Sant P 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
NC-6300 is a novel epirubicin (EPI) drug conjugated polymeric micelle developed using cutting-edge micellar nanoparticle technology. The nanoparticle epirubicin conjugates EPI to a polymer via a pH-sensitive linker which enables the selective EPI release into tumor. Tumor activity was observed in a monotherapy phase Ib trial, where two of two patients with angiosarcoma achieved a partial response. To further explore the activity of NC-6300 in angiosarcoma, an expansion cohort was undertaken.

Methods
Ten patients with angiosarcoma were enrolled in the expansion cohort. Patients were dosed using the recommended dose of 150 mg/m2 intravenously (IV) once every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival.

Results
The most common adverse events (AEs) of any grade, regardless of the causal relationship with NC-6300, were neutropenia (90%), fatigue, and thrombocytopenia (60% each) and nausea (50%). The most common grades 3 and 4 AEs were neutropenia (80%), thrombocytopenia (40%), and anemia and leukopenia (20% each). The median progression-free survival (mPFS) for all subjects was 5.4 months. The mPFS was 3.8 months in subjects with prior anthracycline treatment and 8.2 months in subjects without prior anthracycline treatment.

Conclusion
NC-6300 was well tolerated, showing promising activity in angiosarcoma patients without prior anthracycline treatment. NC-6300 warrants further investigation (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03168061).
Arc–Backarc Exchange Along the Tonga–Lau System: Constraints From Volatile Elements
Authors: Cooper Lauren , Plank Terry , Arculus Richard , Hauri Erik , Kelley Katherine A 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Analyses of olivine-, pyroxene- and plagioclase-hosted melt (now preserved as glass) inclusions (MI) in submarine glasses and subaerial scoria from seven volcanoes along the volcanic front of the Tonga arc provide the first comprehensive dataset including volatile contents (H2O, CO2, S, Cl and F) for this arc. Maximum water contents at each volcano are typical (3–5 wt %) of other arc volcanoes worldwide, and within each volcano, water generally correlates with sulfur, consistent with degassing but not diffusive re-equilibration. The Tonga arc is notable for the eruption of magmas sourced from strongly depleted upper mantle, including boninites in the northern half of the active arc. A key question has been whether such boninites are derived from high degrees of melting actively occurring under the arc, driven by high mantle temperatures and water contents, or from high integrated degrees of melting including melting of depleted mantle in the backarc. This study supports the latter view, based on sub-arc mantle melt fractions of 17–23%, calculated from primary melt water contents and mantle-melt thermobarometry. Such fractions are not high enough to generate boninites from a typical, fertile mantle source in a single melting stage, and melt fractions do not increase north of 22°S, where the boninitic magmas appear. Instead, the northern Tonga arc boninites reflect high cumulative degrees of melting (&gt;30%, with respect to fertile mantle) and occur along the volcanic front where adjacent backarc spreading is fast, proximal and mature. Slab tracers such as the Ba/La ratio peak at around 20–21°S, in the central part of the Tonga arc. A Ba/La peak also appears at about the same latitude in the Lau backarc basin. This peak is consistent with the coolest slab temperatures beneath the arc and backarc at this latitude, as the slab warms to the north due to an increase in mantle potential temperature, and to the south due to less heat extraction from melting. A new concept developed here is cooling of the mantle wedge by melting, due to the supply of the heat of fusion and melt removal. Such a process can cool the mantle by more than 100 degrees, and thus affect slab heating as well. We find a critical distance of slab influence in the Lau spreading centers; back-arc magmas erupted &gt;70 km from the arc are &gt;210 km above the slab, beyond the point of slab dehydration, and show no enrichment in Ba/La. The coupled dynamics of the Tonga arc-Lau basin are rich in their connections, and demonstrate how melting processes beneath the back-arc and arc can affect slab processes, which in turn can affect the composition of fluids that feed the arc and backarc.