bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interfacial Assembly of Functional Mesoporous Carbon‐Based Materials into Films for Batteries and Electrocatalysis
Authors: Xu Hongbin , Li Haozhe , Xie Lei , Zhao Dongyuan , Kong Biao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe rapid increase in energy demands and environmental issues have attracted tremendous attention in the development of new functional materials for sustainable energy technology. As an emerging materials class, mesoporous carbon‐based films show unique properties, and have been regarded as a promising candidate in efficient energy storage and conversion applications. Interfacial assembly strategies are usually employed to construct such films and devices. In this review, the recent development in the synthesis of mesoporous carbon‐based films and devices is illustrated through interfacial assembly strategies. For mesoporous carbon‐based materials, template methods and template‐free methods are the two common approaches to obtain these unique structures. More specifically, five primary interfacial assembly methods for film preparation, including flow‐directed assembly, solvent casting assembly, electrospinning assembly, substrate‐based assembly, and evaporation‐induced self‐assembly, are also discussed with detailed synthesis processes and mechanisms. Besides, the applications of mesoporous carbon‐based film devices for electrochemical energy systems including batteries and electrocatalysis are reviewed, as well as their mechanisms to enhance the performance of these systems. Finally, the remaining challenges and outlook are proposed to inspire future development and contribution of this field.
Designing Strong Interface of Cubic‐like Sn–Co–S@carbon with SnO2 as Catalyst for Enhanced Li/Na‐Ion Storage Abilities
Authors: Dong Yu , Qi Yueheng , Zhao Wenqing , Yuan Shaohui , Zeng Zihao , Yang Yue , Sun Wei , Ge Peng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAs potential candidates, metal sulfides display strong storage abilities but suffer from serious volume swelling and polysulfide shuttling. Especially rich‐sulfur materials, inferior reversible conversion reactions (from MS2 to MS with S) can bring about major formation of sulfur. Herein, cubic‐like Sn–Co–S materials with SnO2 as catalyst are designed with various dimensional carbon. The as‐resulted samples display uniform distributed particle size (≈5 µm), while cross‐linked Sn–Co–S@carbon is successfully formed due to its rich surficial groups. Significantly, the formation of chemical bonds about Sn/Co–S–C is noted, facilitating ions/e‐transfering and architecture enhancing. Meanwhile, owing to the endothermic effect of carbon, SnO2 finally resulted, effectively limiting the so‐called “shuttling effect” of polysulfide. Utilized as sodium‐ion anodes, the optimized samples can deliver a capacity of 490 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 and ≈400 mAh g−1 above at 5.0 A g−1. Assisted by the detailed kinetic analysis, it can be confirmed that the improvements of surface‐controlling behaviors mainly come from the interfacial chemical bonds and strong‐polar metal‐oxides bonds. This work is expected to illustrate the roles of interfacial design and metal oxide catalysts for advanced energy storage materials.
Understanding Robustness of Magnetically Driven Helical Propulsion in Viscous Fluids Using Sensitivity Analysis
Authors: Venezian Roberto , Khalil Islam S. M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMagnetically‐actuated helical microrobots can propel themselves in fluids and tissues‐like mediums with a wide range of Reynolds numbers (Re). The properties of physiological fluids and input parameters vary in time and space and have a direct influence on their locomotion along prescribed paths. Therefore, understanding the response of microrobots to variations in rheological properties and input parameters become increasingly important to translate them into in vivo applications. Here, a physical framework is presented to understand and predict key parameters whose uncertainty affect certain state variables most. A six‐degree‐of‐freedom magneto‐hydrodynamic model is developed based on the resistive force theory (RFT) to predict the response of robots swimming through different fluids and examine their response during transitions into Newtonian–viscoelastic interfaces. Performance of the robot, while swimming in a fluid with a fixed viscosity, is quantified using sensitivity analysis based on the magneto‐hydrodynamic model. The numerical results show how abrupt changes in viscosity can affect their ability to rotate with the rotating field in synchrony. The sensitivity analysis shows that the states of the robot are mostly sensitive to variations in the actuation frequency. Open‐loop experiments are performed using a permanent‐magnet robotic system comprising a robotic arm and a rotating permanent magnet to actuate and control a helical robot at the Newtonian–Viscoelastic interface and validate the theoretical predictions of the RFT‐based sensitivity analysis.
“It's a place to feel like part of the community”: Counterspace, inclusion, and empowerment in a drop‐in center for homeless and marginalized women
Authors: Toolis Erin , Dutt Anjali , Wren Alexander , Jackson‐Gordon Rachel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn the context of rising inequality and eroding safety nets for marginalized communities, research is needed to demonstrate the ways in which settings can facilitate community, agency, and capabilities for low‐income women. The purpose of this study is to examine if and how an organizational setting designed to support homeless, low‐income, and other marginalized women can facilitate empowering changes and increased wellbeing among the women who participate. A thematic analysis of interviews conducted with 22 participants who attend a women's day center identified three ways in which the organizational setting impacted women's lived experiences: (a) increasing a sense of agency through acceptance, active and participatory roles, and ownership over the physical environment, (b) promoting a sense of community through rituals of care and attentiveness, alleviated social isolation, and mutual relationships, and (c) improving life circumstances by offering a safe environment, access to basic resources such as housing, and support for health and wellbeing. Findings highlight the setting features and psychosocial processes that foster flourishing and resist patterns of exclusion and devaluation imposed on marginalized women by dominant neoliberal values, institutions, and policies.
Refining reproductive risk for FMR1 premutation carriers in the general obstetric population
Authors: Owens Kailey M. , Terhaar Catherine , Zdrodowski Jamie , Johnson Lisa R. , Eveleigh Deepa 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFemale FMR1 premutation (FMR1 PM) carriers for fragile X syndrome (FXS) are at risk to have a child with FXS based on their CGG repeat size and AGG interruption number. Studies examining this risk in unselected populations of female PM carriers are lacking. This retrospective cohort study analyzed carrier status, CGG repeat length, AGG interruption result, and reproductive risk refinement in a population of female patients who underwent routine carrier screening for FXS. A total of 1536 PM carriers (0.43%) were identified, 95% of whom had between 55 and 90 CGG repeats. A number of 1334 carriers underwent AGG interruption testing. The majority had at least one AGG interruption and received a lower reproductive risk for FXS following AGG interruption testing (89% and 85%, respectively) as compared to their risk calculated based on CGG repeat size alone. The average change in risk across the population following AGG interruption testing was −3.4%, with a range from −50.8% to 48.9%. This article describes the range of CGG repeats and AGG interruptions in an unselected population of female PM carriers and suggests that most carriers would benefit from AGG interruption testing to refine their reproductive risk of having a child with FXS.
Visible‐Light‐Driven Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction to CO/CH4 Using a Metal–Organic “Soft” Coordination Polymer Gel
Authors: Verma Parul , Rahimi Faruk Ahamed , Samanta Debabrata , Kundu Arup , Dasgupta Jyotishman , Maji Tapas Kumar 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe self‐assembly of a well‐defined and astutely designed, low‐molecular weight gelator (LMWG) based linker with a suitable metal ion is a promising method for preparing photocatalytically active coordination polymer gels. Here, we report the design, synthesis, and gelation behaviour of a tetrapodal LMWG based on a porphyrin core connected to four terpyridine units (TPY‐POR) through amide linkages. The self‐assembly of TPY‐POR LMWG with RuII ions results in a Ru‐TPY‐POR coordination polymer gel (CPG), with a nanoscroll morphology. Ru‐TPY‐POR CPG exhibits efficient CO2 photoreduction to CO (3.5 mmol g−1 h−1) with >99 % selectivity in the presence of triethylamine (TEA) as a sacrificial electron donor. Interestingly, in the presence of 1‐benzyl‐1,4‐dihydronicotinamide (BNAH) with TEA as the sacrificial electron donor, the 8e−/8H+ photoreduction of CO2 to CH4 is realized with >95 % selectivity (6.7 mmol g−1 h−1). In CPG, porphyrin acts as a photosensitizer and covalently attached [Ru(TPY)2]2+ acts as a catalytic center as demonstrated by femtosecond transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy. Further, combining information from the in situ DRIFT spectroscopy and DFT calculation, a possible reaction mechanism for CO2 reduction to CO and CH4 was outlined.
Zeitaufgelöste In‐Situ‐Untersuchungen von mechanochemischen Reaktionen
Authors: Michalchuk Adam A. L. , Emmerling Franziska 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMechanochemische Umwandlungen bieten umweltfreundliche Synthesewege und verbessern gleichzeitig die Geschwindigkeit und Selektivität von Reaktionen. Mechanochemie ermöglicht es, die Art und Weise, wie die Chemie in der Wissenschaft und in der Industrie betrieben wird, zu verändern, wird aber durch das mangelnde mechanistische Verständnis stark behindert. Die kontinuierliche Entwicklung und Anwendung von zeitaufgelösten In‐situ‐Methoden (time‐resolved in situ TRIS) zur Überwachung mechanochemischer Reaktionen bietet eine neue Dimension zur Erforschung dieser faszinierenden Umwandlungen. Wir diskutieren hier die jüngsten Trends in der Methodenentwicklung, die die Grenzen der mechanochemischen Forschung erweitert haben. Anschließend werden neue Merkmale mechanochemischer Reaktionen, die mit TRIS‐Techniken gewonnen wurden, erörtert, und es wird beleuchtet, wie verschiedene TRIS‐Ansätze verwendet wurden. Der Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf der Stärke der Kombination komplementärer Techniken. Abschließend wird das Potenzial von TRIS‐Methoden in der mechanochemischen Forschung für die Etablierung eines neuen, umweltfreundlichen Paradigmas in den chemischen Wissenschaften dargestellt.
Controlled Disassembly of Elemental Sulfur: An Approach to the Precise Synthesis of Polydisulfides
Authors: Chao Ji‐Yan , Yue Tian‐Jun , Ren Bai‐Hao , Gu Ge‐Ge , Lu Xiao‐Bing , Ren Wei‐Min 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe usage of elemental sulfur (S8) for constructing sulfur‐containing polymers is of great significance in terms of sulfur resource utilization or fabrication of high‐performance polymers. Currently, the random disassembly of S8hinders its direct use in the precise synthesis of sulfur‐containing polymers. Herein, we provide an effective strategy for controlling the dismantlement of S8to synthesize polydisulfides, a promising category of dynamic bonds containing polymers. In this strategy, the completely alternating copolymerization of one sulfur atom, which is orderly derived from S8, with episulfides is achieved with MTBD (7‐methyl‐1,5,7‐triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec‐5‐ene) as catalyst and [PPN]SbF6([PPN]+is bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium) as cocatalyst. Delightedly, the living‐ polymerization feature, and the good monomer compatibility allows for the access to diverse polydisulfides. Furthermore, the density functional theory (DFT) was employed to elaborate the copolymerization process.
Wrinkled Titanium Carbide (MXene) with Surface Charge Polarizations through Chemical Etching for Superior Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
Authors: Ying Mengfan , Zhao Rongzhi , Hu Xin , Zhang Zhenhua , Liu Weiwei , Yu Jieyi , Liu Xiaolian , Liu Xianguo , Rong Huawei , Wu Chen , Li Yixing , Zhang Xuefeng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDespite the fact that the high conductivity of two‐dimensional laminated transition metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes) contributes to the outstanding electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding by the reflection of electromagnetic waves (EWs), it is difficulty to improve EMI shielding by pursuing higher conductivity due to the limitation of intrinsic properties. Here, we achieve superior EMI shielding by introducing the absorption of EWs in MXenes with micro‐sized wrinkles which are induced by abundant Ti vacancies under chemical etching. The shielding effectiveness is up to 107 dB at a thickness of 20 μm. Combining with atomic‐scale structure observation and the first‐principles calculations, it is concluded that the promotion of EMI shielding originates from the resonant absorption of formed electric dipoles induced by the asymmetrical distribution of charge densities near Ti vacancies. Our results could open a new vista for developing two‐dimensional EMI shielding materials.
Extending the Conversion Rate of Sulfur Infiltrated into Microporous Carbon in Carbonate Electrolytes
Authors: Para María L. , Calderón Cecilia A. , Drvarič Talian Sara , Fischer Florent , Luque Guillermina L. , Barraco Daniel E. , Leiva Ezequiel P. M. , Dominko Robert 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInfiltration of sulfur into microporous carbon enables the use of carbonate‐based electrolytes due to the formation of a compact cathode electrolyte interface. Passivation of the surface prevents direct contact between electrolyte and sulfur. Consequently, the mechanism of sulfur conversion is changed to a quasi‐solid‐state mechanism with a single sloping plateau related to sulfur conversion in the narrow pores. The narrow size of pores determines the overall pore volume of the microporous carbon and with that sulfur maximum ratio within carbon‐sulfur composite. Additionally, a confinement of sulfur in the narrow pores has an impact on sulfur conversion into Li2S2/Li2S due to volumetric changes when sulfur is reduced. In this work, we show that the degree of the conversion of sulfur into end discharge products can be extended by lowering the cutoff potential during the discharge process. A higher degree of conversion process causes cracks in the carbon structure enabling a significant increase of capacity while a compact and flexible passivation layer prevents contact with the electrolyte. Quasi solid‐state reduction of sulfur is kinetically more favored compared to the consequent oxidation process. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements show diffusional restrictions in the lower part of the discharge curve that can be correlated with hindered transport due to volumetric changes caused by the reduction of sulfur into Li2S2/Li2S.
Nutrient‐sensing amyloid metastasis
Authors: Lima Luís Maurício T. R. , Sisnande Tháyna 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAmyloids are organized suprastructural polypeptide arrangements. The prevalence of amyloid‐related processes of pathophysiological relevance has been linked to aging‐related degenerative diseases. Besides the role of genetic polymorphisms on the relative risk of amyloid diseases, the contributions of nongenetic ontogenic cluster of factors remain elusive. In recent decades, mounting evidences have been suggesting the role of essential micronutrients, in particular transition metals, in the regulation of amyloidogenic processes, both directly (such as binding to amyloid proteins) or indirectly (such as regulating regulatory partners, processing enzymes, and membrane transporters). The features of transition metals as regulatory cofactors of amyloid proteins and the consequences of metal dyshomeostasis in triggering amyloidogenic processes, as well as the evidences showing amelioration of symptoms by dietary supplementation, suggest an exaptative role of metals in regulating amyloid pathways. The self‐ and cross‐talk replicative nature of these amyloid processes along with their systemic distribution support the concept of their metastatic nature. The role of amyloidosis as nutrient sensors would act as intra‐ and transgenerational epigenetic metabolic programming factors determining health span and life span, viability, which could participate as an evolutive selective pressure.
Strategic motives and performance implications of proactive versus reactive environmental strategies in corporate sustainable development
Authors: Chan Ricky Y. K. , Lai Jennifer W. M. , Kim Namwoon 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study proposes and empirically tests a model delineating how different environmental motives would affect the practice of proactive and reactive environmental strategies, and ultimately corporate market performance. It also explores the moderating role of competitive intensity for the motive−strategy and strategy−performance relationships. By surveying manufacturing firms operating in the Pearl River Delta region of China, the study has derived several important findings. To summarize, the findings reveal that while performance‐based motivation drives the practice of proactive environmental strategy, it curtails the practice of reactive environmental strategy. Conversely, regulation‐based motive exerts exactly opposite influences on these two strategies. The findings further highlight that proactive environmental strategy directly enhances corporate market performance, and this enhancing effect will be strengthened as competitive intensity increases. However, reactive environmental strategy is found not to exert any significant direct influence on such performance, and competitive intensity does not moderate this influence too. Last, while competitive intensity does not moderate the positive influence of promotion‐based motive on proactive environmental strategy, it strengthens the negative influence of this motive on reactive environmental strategy. These findings furnish several significant academic and practical implications for pursuing corporate sustainable development.
High‐speed rotational atherectomy in coronary artery calcification: The randomized ROTAXUS and PREPARE‐CALC trials
Authors: Liang Bo , Gu Ning 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical outcomes of high‐speed rotational atherectomy (RA) to optimize target lesion preparation in coronary artery calcification (CAC) have been examined in several trials.AimsThis study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of RA for CAC.MethodsPatient data were pooled from ROTAXUS and PREPARE‐CALC. The primary endpoint was the in‐stent late lumen loss and major adverse cardiac events at 9 months. Secondary endpoints included in‐segment late lumen loss, binary restenosis, strategy success, procedural duration, and contrast amount.ResultsFour hundred and forty patients were enrolled from Germany in this study, 220 patients were randomized to the RA group and 220 patients were randomized to the Control group. Despite similar baseline characteristics, significantly more patients in the Control group were crossover (14.1% vs. 2.3%, p < 0.0001), resulting in higher strategy success in the RA group (95.0% vs. 82.3%, p < 0.0001). At 9 months, in‐stent late lumen loss was higher in the RA group (0.34 ± 0.52 mm vs. 0.24 ± 0.47 mm, p = 0.03) and procedural duration was longer in the RA group (76.3 ± 41.8 min vs. 67.0 ± 38.8 min, p = 0.02). major adverse cardiac events (17.8% vs. 25.2%, p = 0.06), in‐segment late lumen loss (0.28 ± 0.66 mm vs. 0.17 ± 0.55 mm, p = 0.05), binary restenosis (7.3% vs. 8.2%, p = 0.71 in‐stent; 7.7% vs. 9.0%, p = 0.62 in‐segment), and contrast amount (215.5 ± 112.5 ml vs. 203.7 ± 96.5 ml, p = 0.24) were similar in both groups.ConclusionLesion preparation with upfront RA before drug‐eluting stent implantation is feasible in CAC, is more strategy successful, and is associated with excessive in‐stent late lumen loss and excellent clinical outcomes at 9 months although longer procedural duration.
Acute hepatitis A infection‐associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in adult presenting as impending acute liver failure: A case report and literature review
Authors: Termsinsuk Panotpol , Sirisanthiti Piyaporn 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis has been reported as a severe complication of various viral infections but unusual for the hepatitis A virus. We report a case of 25‐year‐old man with hepatitis A infection‐associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and impending acute liver failure to emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of this condition.
Ankle arthrodesis using a retrograde intramedullary rod with fins for highly destructive joints in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A report of two cases
Authors: Takahashi Shun , Kondo Naoki , Kijima Yasufumi , Kakutani Rika , Ishikawa Hajime , Kawashima Hiroyuki 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHerein, we present two cases of older adult patients with highly destructive changes in ankle joints (Larsen grade IV) who underwent retrograde intramedullary ankle nail fixation with fins. In both patients, bony union was achieved, and full weight‐bearing was attained at 3 months after surgery.
Synthesis and Characterization of Hausmannite‐Activated Carbon Nanocomposites for Removal of Lead from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Sayed Moubarak A. , Aly Hisham F. , Mahmoud Hazem H. , Abdelwahab Saad M. , Helal Abdel-Fattah I. , Wilson Lee D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNano‐hausmannite (Mn3O4; NH) was prepared together with its composites with activated carbon (AC), namely, HAC‐1 and HAC‐2. These materials were characterized by different techniques, and the adsorption properties of the studied sorbents NH, AC, HAC‐1, and HAC‐2 for Pb(II) were evaluated considering the effects of shaking time, pH, sorbent weight, initial Pb(II) concentrations, and temperature using batch experiments. The kinetics of sorption was described by the pseudo‐first‐order model. The adsorption isotherm was well fitted to the Sips model. The adsorption process was endothermic. Desorption experiments indicated that Pb(II) was released from the loaded adsorbents: NH, AC, HAC‐1, and HAC‐2 using 1.0 M HCl (97 % efficiency). Infrared spectral analysis suggested adsorption of Pb(II) through chemical bonding between the negatively charged functional groups of Mn–O, Mn–O–Mn, OH, and COO− with Pb(II).
Near‐Infrared Fluorescent Heptamethine Cyanine Dyes for COX‐2 Targeted Photodynamic Cancer Therapy
Authors: Wangngae Sirilak , Siriwibool Siriwalee , Chansaenpak Kantapat , Wet‐osot Sirawit , Lai Rung‐Yi , Kamkaew Anyanee 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe designed and synthesized two heptamethine cyanine‐based theranostic probes that aimed to target COX‐2 in cancer cells. One is I‐IR799‐CXB, in which I‐IR799 is conjugated to the COX‐2‐specific inhibitor, celecoxib, and another is I‐IR799‐IMC, where the non‐selective COX inhibitor, indomethacin, was used. I‐IR799 is a heptamethine cyanine derivative that can be activated by near‐infrared light for photodynamic therapy (PDT) purposes. I‐IR799‐CXB and I‐IR799‐IMC were tested for their cancer‐targeting capacity and photodynamic efficiency toward hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells relative to normal liver cells, alpha mouse liver 12 (AML12) cells. Interestingly, after conjugation, I‐IR799‐IMC exhibited better tumour targetability and PDT efficiency than I‐IR799‐CXB.