bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adding colchicine to tocilizumab in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia: An open-label randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rahhal Alaa , Najim Mostafa , Aljundi Amer Hussein , Mahfouz Ahmed , Alyafei Sumaya Mehdar , Awaisu Ahmed , Habib Mhd, Baraa , Obeidat Ibrahim , Faisal Mohanad Mohammed , Alanzi Meshaal Ali , Nair Arun Prabhakaran , Elhassan Areeg , Al-Dushain Abdullah , Abdelmajid Alaaeldin Abdelmajid , Abdelgader Ahmed Elfadil , Moursi Ahmed Mahmoud Ahmed , Alharafsheh Ahmad Eid Nazzal , Kamar Mohd Ragheb Abou , Goravey Wael , Omar Amr Salah , Abukhattab Mohammed , Khatib Mohamad Yahya , Mohamedali Mohamed Gaafar , AlMaslamani Muna A. Rahman , Alemadi Samar 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
Colchicine acts upstream in the cytokines cascade by inhibiting the nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome while interleukin 6 (IL-6) receptor antagonists, such as tocilizumab, block the end result of the cytokines cascade. Hence, adding colchicine to tocilizumab with the aim of blocking the early and end products of the cytokines cascade, might reduce the risk of developing cytokine storm.

Methods and analysis:
We aim to conduct an open-label randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adding colchicine to tocilizumab among patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia to reduce the rate of invasive mechanical ventilation and mortality. We will include patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia who received tocilizumab according to our local guidelines. Enrolled patients will be then randomized in 1:1 to colchicine versus no colchicine. Patients will be followed up for 30 days. The primary outcome is the rate of invasive mechanical ventilation and will be determined using Cox proportional hazard model.

Discussion:
Given colchicine’s ease of use, low cost, good safety profile, and having different anti-inflammatory mechanism of action than other IL-6 blockade, colchicine might serve as a potential anti-inflammatory agent among patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. This study will provide valuable insights on the use of colchicine in severe COVID-19 when added to IL-6 antagonists.

Ethics and dissemination:
The Medical Research Center and Institutional Review Board at Hamad Medical Corporation in Qatar approved the study protocol (MRC-01-21-299). Results of the analysis will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal.
Serum neurofilament light chain levels are correlated with the infarct volume in patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Ahn June Woo , Hwang Jaechun , Lee Myunghoon , Kim Jae Hyoung , Cho Hee-Jin , Lee Ho-Won , Eun Mi-Yeon 
Published: September 2022

Neurofilament light chains (NfLs) are promising biomarkers of neuroaxonal damage in stroke patients. We investigated the correlations between NfL levels and infarct volume, initial stroke severity, and functional outcomes at discharge in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
We prospectively included 15 patients with first-ever acute ischemic stroke and 8 age- and sex-matched healthy controls without other neurological disorders. Serum NfL levels were measured using the single-molecule array (Simoa) technique twice within 24 hours of admission (NfL1D) and on the seventh hospital day (NfL7D) in patients with stroke and once in healthy controls. We assessed the infarct volume on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging using the free software ITK-SNAP.
Serum NfL1D levels in stroke patients were significantly higher (28.4 pg/mL; interquartile range [IQR], 43.0) than in healthy controls (14.5 pg/mL; IQR, 3.2; P = .005). Temporal pattern analyses demonstrated that NfL7D levels were increased (114.0 pg/mL; IQR, 109.6) compared to NfL1D levels in all stroke patients (P = .001). There was a strong correlation between NfL7D levels and infarct volume (R = 0.67, P = .007). The difference between NfL1D and NfL7D (NfLdiff levels) was strongly correlated with the infarct volume (R = 0.63; P = .013). However, there was no statistically significant correlation between NfL levels and the initial stroke severity or functional outcomes at discharge.
NfL levels in the subacute stage of stroke and the NfL difference between admission and 7th day of hospital were correlated with infarct volume in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
Performance of novice intubators in using direct laryngoscope with 3 stylets on a manikin model
Authors: Yang Ting-Hao , Ou Ju-Chi , Chiu Yu-Ju , Tsai Tung-Yao , Mok Sam-I , Ong Jiann Ruey 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Tracheal intubation is an important clinical skill for medical students and junior residents (novice intubators). They are usually trained to use a direct laryngoscope (DL) with straight-to-cuff styletted tracheal tubes first. Only later are they exposed to the bougie as an airway adjunct and videolaryngoscope (VL) with either a standard blade or a hyperangulated blade. The purpose of this study was to investigate the performance of novice intubators in using DL with 3 common stylets.

Methods:
We conducted a prospective study to compare the performance of DL with 3 common stylets, namely the straight-to-cuff stylet (S), hyperangulated VL stylet (G), and bougie (B), on a manikin model.

Results:
Among 72 participants, no significant difference was observed between the success rates of S, G, and B at the first attempt (84.72%, 81.94%, and 86.11%, respectively [P = .78]) or within 2 minutes (91.67%, 93.06%, and 91.67%, respectively [P = .94]). For participants with successful intubation within 2 minutes, the average total intubation times for S, G, and B were 25.05, 24.39, and 37.45 seconds, respectively. Among the 3 stylets, B had the longest intubation time, which differed significantly from S and G (P < .01).

Conclusions:
The performances of novice intubators with 3 different stylets were similar. The success rates for DL with either hyperangulated VL stylet or bougie were not inferior compared with the straight-to-cuff stylet on manikin airway training model. If we properly trained novice intubators to use corresponding maneuvers, they can learn to use the 3 stylets early in their airway learning course.
Cytokine-polymorphisms associated with Preeclampsia: A review
Authors: Mora-Palazuelos Carlos , Bermúdez Mercedes , Aguilar-Medina Maribel , Ramos-Payan Rosalío , Ayala-Ham Alfredo , Romero-Quintana Jose Geovanni 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Preeclampsia (PE) is a syndromic disorder that affects 2% to 8% of pregnancies and is diagnosed principally when hypertension appears in the second-d half of pregnancy. WHO estimates the incidence of PE to be seven times higher in developing countries than in developed countries. Severe preeclampsia/eclampsia is one of the most important causes of maternal mortality, associated with 50,000 to 100,000 annual deaths globally as well as serious fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries. Even though evidence from family-based studies suggest PE has a heritable component, its etiology, and specific genetic contributions remain unclear. Many studies examining the genetic factors contributing to PE have been conducted, most of them are focused on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Given that PE has a very important inflammatory component, is mandatory to examine cytokine-SNPs for elucidating all mechanisms involved in this pathology. In this review, we describe the most important cytokine-polymorphisms associated with the onset and development of PE. We aim to provide current and relevant evidence in this regard.

Methods:
We searched English databases such as PubMed and the National Center for Biotechnology Information. The publication time of the papers was set from the establishment of the databases to February 2022. All studies about Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines polymorphisms were included in our study.

Results:
SNPs in IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, and IL-22 are associated with the development, early-onset and severity of PE, being the Th1/Th2/Th17 responses affected by the presence of these SNPs.

Conclusions:
The changes in Th1/Th2/Th17 response modify processes such as placentation, control of inflammation, and vascular function. Nonetheless, association studies have shown different results depending on sample size, diagnostic, and population.
Single incision laparoscopic totally preperitoneal hernioplasty (SIL-TPP): Lessons learned from 102 procedures and initial experience
Authors: Zhou Encheng , Qi Changlei , Wang Xiaojun , Fei Ting , Huang Qing 
Published: September 2022

Background:
The abdominal wall in groin area is conventionally considered that it was comprised by 9 layers. Single incision laparoscopy totally extraperitoneal hernioplasty (SIL-TEP) reported before were operated through the front of the posterior rectus sheath.

Method:
102 SIL-TPP were conducted from October 2018 to October 2020 at The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University using a self-made single-port device and standard laparoscopic instruments. Clinical data, demographic and intraoperative findings, and short-term postoperative outcomes were analyzed.

Results:
Of the 102 hernias treated, 46 were right inguinal hernias, 33 were left inguinal hernias and 23 were double-side inguinal hernias. All patients received the SIL-TPP and no conversion happened. The mean left-side and right-side hernia operative time was almost same. The left-side and right-side operative time were 75.48 ± 26.95 and 76.24 ± 26.09 minutes, respectively. The mean operative time was 75.92 ± 26.45 (range, 29–170 minutes) in unilateral inguinal hernia. Mean operative time was 104.17 ± 28.58 minutes (range, 67–180 minutes) in double-side inguinal hernia. The intraoperative complications rate was 21.57 (22/102) and all the complications were Peritoneum or sac tearing. Postoperative complications occurred in 3 cases (1 case wound seroma, 1 case urinary retension and 1 case upper respiratory infection) and were successfully treated conservatively. The mean hospital stay was 2.8646 ± 1.38 days. The 24 hours Visual analogue scale score was 2.28 ± 0.77. During follow-up to June 2022, no recurrence case occurred.

Conclusion:
SIL-TPP is safe and feasible. SIL-TPP has its unique skills and advantages to treat inguinal hernia. Large-scale randomized controlled trials comparing SIL-TPP inguinal hernia repair with conventional single port and conventional three port laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal hernioplasty with short-term outcome and long-term recurrence rate are needed to confirm these results.
Levetiracetam poisoning with acute kidney injury treated with hemodialysis: A case report
Authors: Sedogawa Hiraku , Watanabe Norihiro , Hirose Yoshikazu , Mizouchi Naoko , Shimagaki Shunri , Yamaguchi Hiroki , Hirose Yasuo 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
Levetiracetam is a newer second-generation anticonvulsant for the treatment of generalized and partial seizure disorders. Common adverse effects are rhabdomyolysis and neuropsychiatric problems, such as somnolence, dizziness, and mood changes. The present report describes the first case, to our knowledge, of levetiracetam overdose resulting in acute kidney injury for which hemodialysis was required.

Patient concerns:
A 51-year-old man presented with hypotension and disturbance of consciousness with subsequent development of oliguria and elevated creatinine. Based on his history of ingesting a large dose of levetiracetam and the course of the disease, he was considered to have been poisoned by levetiracetam.

Diagnosis:
Acute kidney injury induced by levetiracetam poisoning.

Interventions/Outcomes:
Dialysis was performed for the rapidly progressing renal failure. His renal function improved, and he was weaned from dialysis and discharged home on the 19th day.

Conclusion:
We should be aware of the possibility that severe renal function deterioration may occur in some patients with levetiracetam overdose. It is possible that clinicians underestimate the occurrence of this problem. In cases of acute renal failure in levetiracetam poisoning, induction of dialysis is beneficial.
A systematic review of prognosis of ABO blood group and rhesus factor on outcomes in patients with bladder cancer
Authors: Yang Haiming , Yan Jingxin 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Bladder cancer (BC) is the 10th most common malignancy worldwide, and some studies reported that ABO blood type or/and rhesus factor has been identified as a prognostic oncologic marker for patients with BC. We carried out a systematic review to assess the prognosis of ABO blood group and rhesus factor on outcomes in patients with bladder cancer.

Methods:
We searched databases through February 2022 for studies assessing blood group on outcomes in patients with bladder cancer.

Results:
We included ten studies with 15,204 participants. We found that blood type A is relevant to non-muscle-invasive BC patients treated with transurethral resection of bladder tumor and blood type B patients have a lower incidence of disease recurrence and progression. Blood type O and non-O blood type have not been found to be related to disease recurrence. However, in multivariable analyses, blood type O and non-O blood type are associated with cancer-specific mortality (CSM). Other than that, blood type B doesn’t have statistical significance for BC patients accepted radical cystectomy (RC). The same results showed in blood type AB non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients treated with RC.

Conclusions:
Our study confirmed that a particular association of blood type for prognosis of patients with BC, and ABO blood group antigen expression can be suitable biomarkers for BC. We also found that rhesus factor has no impact on prognosis of BC patients.
Qigong for mental health and sleep quality in postmenopausal women: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Carcelén-Fraile María del Carmen , Aibar-Almazán Agustín , Martínez-Amat Antonio , Jiménez-García José Daniel , Brandão-Loureiro Vânia , García-Garro Patricia Alexandra , Fábrega-Cuadros Raquel , Rivas-Campo Yulieth , Hita-Contreras Fidel 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Menopause is one of the stages in a woman’s life that affects her psychological health, the most frequent being anxiety and depression. In addition, another problem related to this stage is the lack of sleep that causes a decrease in the quality of sleep. The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to analyze the effectiveness of a Qigong exercise program on sleep quality, anxiety, and depression in Spanish postmenopausal women.

Methods:
A total of 125 women were randomly assigned to an experimental group (EG) (n = 63) that carried out a Qigong exercise program for 12 weeks, or a control group (CG) (n = 62), which did not perform any type of intervention. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and anxiety and depression using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).

Results:
Women who underwent an intervention program experienced significant improvements for all measured variables, except for the use of sleeping medication and daytime dysfunctions that did not show any significant effect with respect to the group and group × time interaction.

Conclusions:
After an intervention based on a BaDuanJin Qigong exercise program for 12 weeks, improvements were observed in sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, the total score of the PSQI, anxiety and depression in postmenopausal Spanish women.
Advantages of an alternate-day glucocorticoid treatment strategy for the treatment of IgG4-related disease: A preliminary retrospective cohort study
Authors: Fukui Sho , Nakai Takehiro , Kawaai Satoshi , Ikeda Yukihiko , Suda Masei , Nomura Atsushi , Tamaki Hiromichi , Kishimoto Mitsumasa , Ohde Sachiko , Okada Masato 
Published: September 2022

Alternate-day glucocorticoid (GC) therapy is a treatment option that can reduce GC-associated adverse events. We investigated the safety and efficacy of alternate-day GC therapy in patients with immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD).
Medical records of patients with IgG4-RD who were followed for at least one year at St. Luke’s International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, from 2004 to 2020 were reviewed. Patients who fulfilled comprehensive IgG4-RD diagnostic criteria were divided into alternate-day or daily GC treatment groups based on their treatment protocol. The effect of alternate-day GC therapy on glucocorticoid toxicity index (GTI) score was evaluated using multilinear analysis with adjustments for cumulative GC doses until each assessment point and propensity scores (PS) for alternate-day GC therapy. Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the efficacy of alternate-day GC therapy for disease control.
Among the 67 patients with IgG4-RD, patients with alternate-day (n = 13) and daily (n = 31) GC treatments were analyzed after excluding 23 ineligible patients. The median (interquartile range) age was 64 (60–70) years, 29 (65.9%) were male patients, 26 (59.1%) patients had positive biopsy results, and the median follow-up period was 1643 days. Significantly more patients with alternate-day GC treatment used concomitant immunosuppressants (11 [84.6%] vs 11 [35.5%]; P = .007). The alternate-day strategy significantly lowered the GTI score after adjusting for cumulative GC dose until the assessment and PS (adjusted coefficient: −29.5 [−54.3, −4.8], P = .021 at 12 months; −20.0 [−39.8, −0.1], P = .049 at 24 months). Serious infections were numerically less frequent in the alternate-day group (incidence ratio [95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.45 [0.05, 3.63], P = .45). Most patients (92.3%) in the alternate-day GC treatment group and all patients in the daily GC treatment group showed treatment responses in the remission induction therapy. The PS-adjusted hazard ratio of alternate-day GC treatment for disease flares was not significant (1.55 [0.53, 4.51]; P = .43).
The alternate-day treatment strategy significantly reduced GC-related adverse events regardless of the cumulative GC dose. Alternate-day GC treatment is a feasible option for patients with IgG4-RD, without a significant increase in disease flares particularly when combined with immunosuppressants.
Mortality Risk in Pediatric Sepsis Based on C-reactive Protein and Ferritin Levels
Authors: Horvat Christopher M. , Fabio Anthony , Nagin Daniel S. , Banks Russell K. , Qin Yidi , Park Hyun-Jung , Kernan Kate F. , Canna Scott W. , Berg Robert A. , Wessel David , Pollack Murray M. , Meert Kathleen , Hall Mark , Newth Christopher , Lin John C. , Doctor Allan , Shanley Tom , Cornell Tim , Harrison Rick E. , Zuppa Athena F. , Reeder Ron W. , Sward Kathy , Holubkov Richard , Notterman Daniel A. , Dean J. Michael , Carcillo Joseph A. ,   on behalf of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research Network
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVES:
Interest in using bedside C-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin levels to identify patients with hyperinflammatory sepsis who might benefit from anti-inflammatory therapies has piqued with the COVID-19 pandemic experience. Our first objective was to identify patterns in CRP and ferritin trajectory among critically ill pediatric sepsis patients. We then examined the association between these different groups of patients in their inflammatory cytokine responses, systemic inflammation, and mortality risks.

DATA SOURCES:
A prospective, observational cohort study.

STUDY SELECTION:
Children with sepsis and organ failure in nine pediatric intensive care units in the United States.

DATA EXTRACTION:
Two hundred and fifty-five children were enrolled. Five distinct clinical multi-trajectory groups were identified. Plasma CRP (mg/dL), ferritin (ng/mL), and 31 cytokine levels were measured at two timepoints during sepsis (median Day 2 and Day 5). Group-based multi-trajectory models (GBMTM) identified groups of children with distinct patterns of CRP and ferritin.

DATA SYNTHESIS:
Group 1 had normal CRP and ferritin levels (n = 8; 0% mortality); Group 2 had high CRP levels that became normal, with normal ferritin levels throughout (n = 80; 5% mortality); Group 3 had high ferritin levels alone (n = 16; 6% mortality); Group 4 had very high CRP levels, and high ferritin levels (n = 121; 11% mortality); and Group 5 had very high CRP and very high ferritin levels (n = 30; 40% mortality). Cytokine responses differed across the five groups, with ferritin levels correlated with macrophage inflammatory protein 1α levels and CRP levels reflective of many cytokines.

CONCLUSIONS:
Bedside CRP and ferritin levels can be used together to distinguish groups of children with sepsis who have different systemic inflammation cytokine responses and mortality risks. These data suggest future potential value in personalized clinical trials with specific targets for anti-inflammatory therapies.
Neuroscience-Informed Classification of Prevention Interventions in Substance Use Disorders: An RDoC-based Approach
Authors: Rezapour Tara , Rafei Parnian , Baldacchino Alex , Conrod Patricia J. , Dom Geert , Fishbein Diana H. , Kazemi Atefeh , Hendriks Vincent , Newton Nicola , Riggs Nathaniel R. , Squeglia Lindsay M. , Teesson Maree , Vassileva Jasmin , Verdejo-Garcia Antonio , Ekhtiari Hamed 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNeuroscience has contributed to uncover the mechanisms underpinning substance use disorders (SUD). The next frontier is to leverage these mechanisms as active targets to create more effective interventions for SUD treatment and prevention. Recent large-scale cohort studies from early childhood are generating multiple levels of neuroscience-based information with the potential to inform the development and refinement of future preventive strategies. However, there are still no available well-recognized frameworks to guide the integration of these multi-level datasets into prevention interventions. The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) provides a neuroscience-based multi-system framework that is well suited to facilitate translation of neurobiological mechanisms into behavioral domains amenable to preventative interventions. We propose a novel RDoC-based framework for prevention science and adapted the framework for the existing preventive interventions. From a systematic review of randomized controlled trials using a person-centered drug/alcohol preventive approach for adolescents, we identified 22 unique preventive interventions. By teasing apart these 22 interventions into the RDoC domains, we proposed distinct neurocognitive trajectories which have been recognized as precursors or risk factors for SUDs, to be targeted, engaged and modified for effective addiction prevention.