bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shisa7-Dependent Regulation of GABAAReceptor Single-Channel Gating Kinetics
Authors: Castellano David , Wu Kunwei , Keramidas Angelo , Lu Wei 
Published: October 2022

GABAAreceptors (GABAARs) mediate the majority of fast inhibitory transmission throughout the brain. Although it is widely known that pore-forming subunits critically determine receptor function, it is unclear whether their single-channel properties are modulated by GABAAR-associated transmembrane proteins. We previously identified Shisa7 as a GABAAR auxiliary subunit that modulates the trafficking, pharmacology, and deactivation properties of these receptors. However, whether Shisa7 also regulates GABAAR single-channel properties has yet to be determined. Here, we performed single-channel recordings of α2β3γ2L GABAARs cotransfected with Shisa7 in HEK293T cells and found that while Shisa7 does not change channel slope conductance, it reduced the frequency of receptor openings. Importantly, Shisa7 modulates GABAAR gating by decreasing the duration and open probability within bursts. Through kinetic analysis of individual dwell time components, activation modeling, and macroscopic simulations, we demonstrate that Shisa7 accelerates GABAAR deactivation by governing the time spent between close and open states during gating. Together, our data provide a mechanistic basis for how Shisa7 controls GABAAR gating and reveal for the first time that GABAAR single-channel properties can be modulated by an auxiliary subunit. These findings shed light on processes that shape the temporal dynamics of GABAergic transmission.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAlthough GABAAreceptor (GABAAR) single-channel properties are largely determined by pore-forming subunits, it remains unknown whether they are also controlled by GABAAR-associated transmembrane proteins. Here, we show that Shisa7, a recently identified GABAAR auxiliary subunit, modulates GABAAR activation by altering single-channel burst kinetics. These results reveal that Shisa7 primarily decreases the duration and open probability of receptor burst activity during gating, leading to accelerated GABAAR deactivation. These experiments are the first to assess the gating properties of GABAARs in the presence of an auxiliary subunit and provides a kinetic basis for how Shisa7 modifies temporal attributes of GABAergic transmission at the single-channel level.
Real-world application of ATA Guidelines in over 600 aspirated thyroid nodules: is it time to change the size cut-offs for FNA?
Authors: Ioakim Stamatina , Syed Akheel A , Zavros George , Picolos Michalis , Persani Luca , Kyriacou Angelos 
Published: October 2022

Background
The 2015 American Thyroid Association (ATA) Guidelines recommend the following size cut-offs based on sonographic appearances for subjecting nodules to fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy: low risk: 15 mm and intermediate risk and high risk: 10 mm.

Objective
We conducted a ‘real-world’ study evaluating the diagnostic performance of the ATA cut-offs against increased thresholds, in the interest of safely limiting FNAs.

Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data on 604 nodules which were sonographically risk-stratified as per the ATA Guidelines and subsequently subjected to ultrasound-guided FNA. Nodules were cytologically stratified into ‘benign’ (Bethesda class 2) and ‘non-benign’ (Bethesda classes 3–6). We obtained the negative predictive value (NPV), accuracy, FNAs that could be spared, missed ‘non-benign’ cytologies and missed carcinomas on histology, according to the ATA cut-offs compared to higher cut-offs.

Results
In low-risk nodules, the high performance of NPV (≈91%) is unaffected by increasing the cut-off to 25 mm, and accuracy improves by 39.4%; 46.8% of FNAs could be spared at the expense of few missed B3–B6 cytologies (7.9%) and no missed carcinomas. In intermediate-risk nodules, a 15 mm cut-off increases the NPV by 11.3% and accuracy by 40.7%. The spared FNAs approach 50%, while B3–B6 cytologies are minimal, with no missed carcinomas. In high-risk nodules, low NPV (<35%) and accuracy (<46%) were obtained regardless of cut-off. Moreover, the spared FNAs achieved at higher cut-offs involved numerous missed ‘non-benign’ cytologies and carcinomas.

Conclusion
It would be clinically safe to increase the ATA cut-offs for FNA in low-risk nodules to 25 mm and in intermediate-risk nodules to 15 mm.
Modelos alométricos para estimar biomasa aérea en bosques secundarios montanos del noroccidente de Ecuador
Authors: Ramírez López Jorge Luis , Córdova Perugachi Mario Efraín , Imbaquingo Rosero José Luis , Chagna Avila Eduardo Jaime 
Published: October 2022

Las sucesiones tropicales son ambientes de gran importancia por sus funciones ecológicas y extensión. En el Ecuador, los estudios sobre el almacenamiento de carbono de estos ecosistemas son escasos y la mayoría de ecuaciones desarrolladas se oncentran en zonas húmedas de tierras bajas. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue generar modelos alométricos para la estimación de biomasa aérea de bosques secundarios montanos del noroccidente de Ecuador. Se realizó un inventario forestal en tres áreas de sucesión de 18, 30 y 50 años aproximadamente. Se construyeron modelos alométricos utilizando el diámetro a la altura del pecho (DAP) y la altura total (Ht) como variables independientes y se estimó la materia viva y el carbono aéreo acumulado. La variable combinatoria DAP2Ht fue la mejor predictora según los criterios de ajuste y validación. Las ecuaciones desarrolladas mostraron un R2 mayor al 95 %, por lo que son confiables para la estimación de las variables estudiadas. Se determinó que los bosques almacenan 36,56, 70,36 y 156,27 Mg.C.ha-1 respectivamente, siendo el fuste el componente de mayor almacenaje en un intervalo de 65,76 - 73,44 %, mientras que ramas y hojas representan un 20,98 - 25,50 % y 5,58 - 8,74 % del carbono aéreo total respectivamente. Estos modelos podrían aplicarse de manera efectiva en ecosistemas en condiciones ambientales similares.
Effects of foliar biofertilization on the Water Use Efficiency in different varieties of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)
Authors: Huito-Tarquino Luis Eduardo , Garcia-Apaza Emilio , Conde-Viscarra Eva 
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a little-known crop in the Bolivian highlands as its response to water use efficiency (WUE) in a Walipini-type greenhouses. Objective. To evaluate the behavior of two varieties of basil and the water use efficiency (WUE) in the application of foliar biofertilizer in a Walipini-type greenhouse. Materials and methods. The experiment was installed at the Ventilla Ecological Farm, in the Central Highlands of Bolivia, with an experimental period of 135 days (July 13 to November 25), 2014. A factorial experiment with two factors (varieties: Nufar F1 and Italian Large Leaf) and two levels of foliar biofertilizer (Biol) was used under a completely randomized block design. Results. Through the WUE, specific leaf area, and net assimilation rate relationship, it was observed that basil had a better development in Walipini-type greenhouse (underground greenhouse) since biomass accumulation was not significantly affected. The results showed that the production of basil in this environment using foliar biofertilizer, Biol, differ mainly by the variety rather than by the doses of Biol, showing that Nufar F1 had better development. Conclusion. A significant relationship was observed between Nufar F1 and Italian large Leaf for biomass weight when applying Biol at two different levels. It shows that there does not necessarily have to be a positive and significant relationship between biomass accumulation and WUE, so it is presumed that basil can develops regularly in Walipini-type greenhouses under semi-arid region conditions.
El desarrollo de proyectos audiovisuales: adquisición y creación de formatos de entretenimiento
Authors: Guerrero Enrique 
Published: October 2022

El desarrollo de proyectos audiovisuales, además de constituir
la primera etapa del proceso de producción, destaca por ser aquella en la que se toma la decisión más importante: el tipo de contenido a producir. En este punto, el productor puede optar por adquirir un formato internacional de éxito y adaptarlo a un mercado determinado, o bien crear una fórmula original apoyándose en su propio equipo de I+D+I. El presente artículo analiza de un modo pormenorizado tanto el proceso de compra de formatos de entretenimiento como el diseño de proyectos originales, fase crucial y previa a la producción del contenido. En ambos casos, esta etapa debe entenderse como un proceso creativo que requiere de tiempo e inversión, pues de su correcto desarrollo dependerá en buena medida la calidad y el éxito del producto audiovisual.
Truth Takes Time. Los vínculos entre heroínas, géneros y narrativas en tres series televisivas de J. J. Abrams
Authors: Garin Manuel 
Published: October 2022

This paper suggests that J. J. Abrams’ serial universe has been shaped
by the management of truth and time bound to the great feminine protagonists in Felicty (WB, 1998-2002), Alias (ABC, 2001-2006) and Fringe (FOX, 2008-2013), analyzed as a progression at three levels: the character’s heroic identity, the thematic and generic mutations that take shape, and the ideas of serial timing that undermine space-time continuity. From a series that assimilates its moulds and plays at denouncing them (Felicity) to a series exploring the traps of time by inhabiting its limits (Alias), and one that transforms such ambiguities into an ontological division between parallel universes (Fringe).
Verisimilitude and Film Story: The Links between Screenwriter, Character and Spectator
Authors: Sánchez-Escalonilla Antonio 
Published: October 2022

Verisimilitude is an essential quality to the perfection of fictions, from
the tragedy competitions in Pericles's Athens to current Hollywood screenplays. This article explores the structural and emotional resources available to the writer to build and tell a credible story. To get this aim, the Aristotelian notion of mimesis is taken as a starting point, the writer's creative motivations are discussed through thematic aspects and their reflection in characters building. At the same time, human mysteries are considered as meeting points between writer, character and spectator. This study of narrative resources is done according to the dynamics of dramatic conflicts, present in every story. The article uses as references recent contributions of script experts, formulas to creative production and examples taken from film scripts.
Análisis de la competencia audiovisual de la ciudadanía española en la dimensión de recepción y audiencia
Authors: Marta-Lazo Carmen , Gandío María del Mar 
Published: October 2022

In order to shed light to the measurement of media literacy, this article
analyzes the dimension in audience reception among Spanish citizens. With an input from the tradition of reception studies, this paper proposes a measurement of this dimension through several indicators and provides quantitative results from 6624 surveys among the 17 Spanish regions. The results obtained demonstrate the poor literacy regarding aspects of reception in Spain, especially in decoding specific emotions, knowledge and use of consumer advocacy agencies. To finish with, this article provides areas for improvement in terms of media education in Spain.
How open are journalists on Twitter? Trends towards the end-user journalism
Authors: Noguera-Vivo José Manuel 
Published: October 2022

The many activities of journalists on Twitter should be analyzed. Are
they doing a different kind of journalism? With a content analysis of 1125 tweets, this study reveals trends of some Spanish journalists using Twitter. A traditional role like gatekeeping can be highly amplified in terms of transparency and accountability with actions as retweeting or linking. The landscape offered by this platform is framed with the "ambient journalism", which will help to understand the proposal of this study: the end-user journalism. The findings will show the level of opening with the audience in aspects about replies, requests and linking.
Twitter como canal de comunicación corporativa y publicitaria
Authors: Castelló-Martínez Araceli , Del Pino-Romero Cristina , Ramos-Soler Irene 
Published: October 2022

El artículo estudia el uso de Twitter como canal de comunicación
corporativa y publicitaria. Para ello se realiza un análisis de contenido sobre los perfiles en este soporte de los principales anunciantes en España según el ranking de InfoAdex. Las variables definidas se centran en la descripción de los perfiles de los anunciantes, la frecuencia de publicación, el tipo de publicaciones y la repuesta e interacción que se obtiene de los usuarios, analizando la capacidad de los anunciantes de difundir contenidos y generar conversación, por una parte, y la reputación obtenida en esta red de microblogging, por otra.
La virtud de la justicia en la doctrina de Domingo de Soto
Authors: Scattola Merio 
Published: October 2022

La justicia, según Domingo de Soto, co-fundador de la Escuela de Salamanca, es el eje que vincula ley y derecho, los dos núcleos de su De iustitia et iure. Y la justicia, cuyo tratamiento último lo proporciona
la filosofía y la teología, es una virtud humana que busca la justa relación de dos elementos, y que tiene por objeto la equidad, que se mide no tanto por la intención del agente, sino por su contenido objetivo. Lo justo se mide por dos planos, el del presupuesto y la consecuencia a los que se corresponden la ley y el derecho, con una estructura teleológica.
«La lonja de San Felipe» de Salas Barbadillo, entremés de «El caballero puntual»
Authors: Fiordaliso Giovanna 
Published: October 2022

El propósito de este trabajo es enfocar y contextualizar el modus scribendi de Salas Barbadillo considerando los injertos en versos con los que enriquece su producción en prosa. Aunque la fama del autor se sustente, esencialmente, en su actividad como novelista, no es baladí afirmar que la calidad de su obra, caracterizada por un hibridismo y un afán de experimentación que la crítica ha destacado en varias ocasiones, se pueda analizar a través de unos elementos que se han dejado en penumbra, especialmente considerando su versificación y el marco en el que se produce.
En particular, la atención se centrará en un entremés presente en la segunda parte de El caballero puntual (1619), La lonja de San Felipe, representativo de la voluntad y del quehacer literario del autor.
Investigation of Cytotoxic Effects and Antiviral Efficacy of Six Medicinal Plants against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: IŞIK Bülent , ASİL Hasan , ALP Harun , CANSARAN DUMAN Doç. Dr. Demet 
Published: October 2022

Aim: Today, the COVID-19 pandemic, which causes deaths in 224 countries around the world, continues to show its effect all over the world. However, unfortunately, there are few studies that determine the effect of natural products derived from plants on COVID-19. However, as it is known, the source of most drugs is plants and medicinal aromatic plants have been used frequently for therapeutic purposes since the existence of humanity. The aim of this study is to investigate the cytotoxic effects of six medicinal plants such as Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra), Saffron (Crocus sativus L.), Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.), Laurel (Lauris nobilis), Buckwheat (Lavandula stoechas) and Zahter (Thymbra spicata L. var. spicata) and their antiviral activities against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro conditions.
Material and Method: This study was carried out in two stages. In the first stage, plants were collected and extracts were obtained. At the beginning of the second stage, cytotoxic effects on vero cells at non-cytotoxic broad-spectrum concentrations against SARS-CoV-2 in cell culture of six medicinal plants were investigated. In this step, the concentration of six ethnobotanically important medicinal plants that were not cytotoxic to SARS-CoV-2 was determined. In the continuation of the second stage, the plants were evaluated for the determination of viral replication inhibition and their antiviral effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2. In this step, in vitro antiviral effects of plants against SARS-CoV-2 were determined at a concentration that did not show cytotoxic effects..
Results: The concentration of six plants used in the study without cytotoxic effects was determined.. Among the plants examined, it was determined that the only plant that was effective against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro conditions was the licorice plant (Glycyrrhiza glabra). The licorice plant was found to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in vitro at the 2nd dilution (1:4) after the initial concentration.
Conclusion: According to the findings obtained from our study, it was determined that the licorice plant was effective against the SARS-CoV-2 in vitro conditions. Supported by further studies, it can be thought that our findings may contribute to the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, Antiviral Efficacy, Plant Extract, Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra), Saffron (Crocus sativus L.), Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.), Laurel (Lauris nobilis), Buckwheat (Lavandula stoechas), Zahter (Thymbra spicata L. var. spicata).
How Secure was Convalescent Plasma Administration to Non-severe COVID-19 Cases with Lymphopenia?
Authors: AKAY ÇİZMECİOGLU Hilal , OGUZ Aysel , GÖKTEPE Mevlüt Hakan , YILMAZ Pınar Diydem , HATIR Ahmet Emre , CİZMECİOGLU Ahmet 
Published: October 2022

Aim: Many treatment methods have endeavored during the Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Particularly before the vaccines came into use, the medical world gained adequate experience with convalescent plasma (CP) administration, which was ignored after preventive remedies. In this study, we compared the clinical conditions and treatments during the infection with pulmonary fibrosis after recovery.
Material and Method: This prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted with COVID-19 patients. The patients were divided into two groups according to the severity of the disease. Sixty of them were reevaluated regarding pulmonary fibrosis via high-resolution computed tomography performed in the 6th month after recovery.
Results: A total of 60 patients (mean age=54.05±9.16) participated in this study. Both severe and non-severe groups were equal in the number of patients. There was no difference between the groups in the evaluation of fibrosis scores. However, in those with pulmonary fibrosis, age, CURB-65 scores, and D-dimer levels were found to be higher, whereas hematocrit levels were lower. In lymphopenic patients, almost 95% of those who underwent CP treatment had fibrosis (p=0.013). This fibrosis formation was more prominent in the non-severe group (p=0.028). Comparable fibrosis increation persisted in diabetics.
Conclusion: Based on the results, the pulmonary involvement of COVID-19 may form persistent fibrosis after recovery. The accuracy of administering CP treatment in non-severe patients with lymphopenia should be reviewed, as it might increase pulmonary fibrosis.
Aging Sexual Knowledge and Attitude Scale: Turkish Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: KURT Hasan Anıl , YILMAZ Büşra , ALAN Handan , ALAN Cabir 
Published: October 2022

Objectives: It is designed to test the Turkish version of ASKAS's validity and reliability for use with older people, health professionals, and people who influence older people.
Material and Method: Language and content validity, item analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and internal consistency coefficients were evaluated in this study.
Results: It was decided to omit two items from the scale's knowledge subscale, and the three-factor structure of the attitude subscale was found to be within the range of acceptable fit indices.
Conclusions: The Turkish version of ASKAS was determined to be valid, reliable, and applicable in practice.
Eye Biometry Shift after Scleral Buckling Procedure
Authors: Kulikov A. N. , Danilenko E. V. , Kuznetsov A. R. 
Published: October 2022

Background. There are a great number publications presenting results of various types of optical and ultrasound biometry before and after scleral buckling (SB).Patients and methods. Biometry was performed for 22 eyes of 22 patients before and after surgical treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. We used 4 types of optical (IOLMaster 500, IOLMaster 700, Lenstar LS 900 and REVO SOCT Copernicus) and 2 types of ultrasound biometry (A- and B-scan).Results. According to the all biometry data, there was an increase in the axial lens (AL) (the maximum value of eye elongation according to IOLMaster 500 data was 0.84 ± 0.69 mm, p = 0.000), swallowing of the anterior chamber depth (ACD) in regard to IOLMaster 700 (0,48 ± 0,32 mm, p = 0.000) and lens thickness (LT) augmentation (according to A-scan data the largest thickening was 0.17 ± 0.59 mm, p = 0.064).Conclusions. The anatomy of the eye reliably changes after SB implantation due to increase in the AL, ACD swallowing and an LT augmentation, that makes changes in IOL power calculation with modern formulas during combined surgery. Lenstar LS 900 is the preferred method of biometry when planning simultaneously lens exchange with SB procedure.
Application of Micro-Pulse and Continuous Laser Radiation in Navigation Topographically-Oriented Treatment of Focal Diabetic Macular Edema Based
Authors: Volodin P. L. , Ivanova E. V. , Polyakova E. Yu. , Fomin A. V. , Batalov A. I. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose: to evaluate the clinical efficacy of subthreshold laser treatment of focal DME in continuous and micro-pulse modes using a navigation system based on OCT-A data.Methods. 33 patients (33 eyes) with focal DME were under observation before and after laser treatment. All patients underwent high-resolution OCT-A using the HD Angio Retina 6×6 mm protocol on RTVue-100 XR Avanti (Optovue, USA) and SOLIX (Optovue, USA) devices. The height of edema in the fovea averaged 304.5 ± 5.4 um in the group, in the area of edema outside the fovea — 336.5 ± 7.5 um. The initial best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.75 ± 0.06. The central retinal sensitivity (CRS) before treatment was 24.10 ± 0.48 dB. The treatment was carried out on the NAVILAS 577S navigation laser system (“OD-OS”, Germany). The results were evaluated within 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment.Results. 1 month after laser treatment, the average CRT in the group was: in the fovea — 294.00 ± 5.38 um, outside the fovea — 318.50 ± 6.44 um. The BCVA increased on average to 0.80 ± 0.06; the CRS to 24.65 ± 0.47 dB. After 3 months, a further decrease in the height of edema was observed (CRT in the fovea was 252.50 ± 2.19 microns, outside the fovea 280.50 ± 3.75 microns). The BCVA increased on average in the group to 0.85 ± 0.06, CRS — 25.50 ± 0.30 dB. After 6 months, the average CRT in the group was: in the fovea — 246.50 ± 1.81 microns, outside the fovea — 273.50 ± 4.56 microns. A stable increase in the BCVA indicators was achieved — 0.85 ± 0.06 and CRS — 26.65 ± 0.16 dB. At the time of 1.3 and 6 months after treatment, an increase in vascular density was observed in the deep vascular complex and the superficial vascular plexus.Conclusion. The preliminary results obtained by us indicate the effectiveness of navigation sub-threshold laser treatment of DME in the micro-pulse and continuous modes, based on targeted topographicallyoriented laser exposure according to OCT angiography.