bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stabilization of Multicationic Redox Chemistry in Polyanionic Cathode by Increasing Entropy
Authors: Li Huangxu , Xu Ming , Long Huiwu , Zheng Jingqiang , Zhang Liuyun , Li Shihao , Guan Chaohong , Lai Yanqing , Zhang Zhian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPolyanionic compounds have large compositional flexibility, which creates a growing interest in exploring the property limits of electrode materials of rechargeable batteries. The realization of multisodium storage in the polyanionic electrodes can significantly improve capacity of the materials, but it often causes irreversible capacity loss and crystal phase evolution, especially under high‐voltage operation, which remain important challenges for their application. Herein, it is shown that the multisodium storage in the polyanionic cathode can be enhanced and stabilized by increasing the entropy of the polyanionic host structure. The obtained polyanionic Na3.4Fe0.4Mn0.4V0.4Cr0.4Ti0.4(PO4)3 cathode exhibits multicationic redox property to achieve high capacity with good reversibility under the high voltage of 4.5 V (vs Na/Na+). Exploring the underlying mechanism through operando characterizations, a stable trigonal phase with reduced volume change during the multisodium storage process is disclosed. Besides, the enhanced performance of the HE material also derives from the synergistic effect of the diverse TM species with suitable molarity. These results reveal the effectiveness of high‐entropy concept in expediting high‐performance polyanionic cathodes discovery.
Oxide/Halide/Oxide Architecture for High Performance Semi‐Transparent Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Jeong Min Ju , Lee Jun Hyeok , You Chang Hyuk , Kim So Yeon , Lee Seungmin , Noh Jun Hong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA device architecture with n‐type oxide/perovskite halide/p‐type oxide for the sputtering damage‐free semi‐transparent perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is reported. A p‐type nickel oxide (NiOx) nanoparticle overlayer on a perovskite layer is introduced to act as both a hole transporting layer and buffer layer to avoid sputtering damage during deposition of transparent conducting oxide. The NiOx based semi‐transparent PSCs exhibit superior durability under harsh sputtering conditions such as high temperature and sputtering power, enabling the high quality of transparent electrodes. With optimal sputtering condition for tin‐doped indium oxide (ITO) as a top transparent electrode, the semi‐transparent device shows an enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.5% (20.5% with a back reflector), which is higher than that of the opaque device (19.2%). The semi‐transparent devices also shows superior storage stability without encapsulation under 10% relative humidity, retaining over 90% of initial PCE for 1000 h. By controlling the molar concentration of perovskite solution, a semi‐transparent PSC with a PCE of 12.8%, showing a high average visible transmittance (AVT) of 30.3%, is fabricated. The authors believe that this architecture with n‐type oxide/perovskite halide/p‐type oxide represents a cornerstone for the high performance and commercialization of semi‐transparent PSCs.
Evaluation of the impact of the 2021 revised Neurofibromatosis type 1 diagnostic criteria on time to diagnosis
Authors: Ho Wesley Y. , Farrelly Ellyn , Stevenson David A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNeurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) has historically been diagnosed clinically based on the NIH Consensus Conference diagnostic criteria. The molecular and clinical knowledge of NF1 has subsequently improved, and an international group of experts published revised diagnostic criteria in 2021, incorporating new diagnostic criteria such as pathogenic variants in NF1. This study aimed to investigate the impact of these new diagnostic criteria on time to diagnosis (TTD) of NF1. A retrospective chart review of individuals evaluated for a diagnosis of NF1 at the Medical Genetics Clinic at Stanford Children's Health was performed. The TTD was determined by calculating the days between their first visit with a medical geneticist for NF1 and the date they would have received a diagnosis based on the previous NF1 diagnostic criteria and the 2021 updated diagnostic criteria. The revised diagnostic criteria for NF1 decreased TTD. The mean difference in TTD was 113 days shorter for the new criteria (p‐value = 1.306x−05). This study highlights that the revised 2021 NF1 diagnostic criteria can decrease the TTD. The addition of a heterozygous pathogenic variant in NF1 as a criterion was the change that decreased TTD.
Acid‐Catalyzed Regioselective Synthesis of α‐Diarylmethyl Substituted Phenols and para‐Quinone Methides in Water
Authors: Xiong Biquan , Shang Wenli , Xu Weifeng , Liu Yu , Tang Ke‐Wen , Wong Wai‐Yeung 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA facile and efficient method for the synthesis of α‐diarylmethyl substituted phenols from para‐quinone methides (p‐QMs) with phenols has been developed by using phosphoric acid as the catalyst and water as the green solvent under mild conditions. In addition, when TEMPO was added as an additive for the reaction, the diaryl‐substituted para‐quinone methides could be generated as the target product. The reactions show high functional group tolerance, good to excellent yields and unique selectivity, and a broad range of α‐diarylmethyl motif containing phenol(s) and quinones could be prepared through the divergent methods. Furthermore, a series of control experiments were performed to gain the insights of the plausible mechanisms. These protocols have a high atomic economy, and may have significant implications for the construction of C(sp3)−C(sp2) bonds in organic synthesis.
Correlation between hepatorenal index and attenuation imaging for assessing hepatic steatosis
Authors: Srigandan Shrivuthsun , Zelesco Marilyn , Abbott Steven , Welman Christopher J 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionHepatic steatosis screening is required to assess high‐risk populations, identify those for intervention, monitor response and prevent disease progression and complications. Liver biopsy and magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction are current gold standards, but are limited by biopsy risk factors, patient tolerance and cost. Non‐invasive, cost‐effective, semi‐quantitative and quantitative ultrasound assessment exists. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between the semi‐quantitative hepatorenal index (HRI) to assess hepatic steatosis using the quantitative attenuation imaging (ATI) as a reference standard, in adults with varied suspected liver pathologies.MethodsData were collected prospectively between April 2019 and March 2020 at a tertiary institution on any patient >18 years referred to US assessment of suspected liver pathology. The only exclusion criteria were absent or invalid HRI or ATI measurements. Three hundred fifty eight patients were included.ResultsThere was a significant weak positive correlation between HRI and ATI (r = 0.351, P < 0.001) and between HRI steatosis grade (SG) and ATI SG (r = 0.329, P < 0.001), using previously established cut‐off values. With ATI as the reference standard, there was no significant correlation between HRI and hepatic steatosis within steatosis grades, nor for no (SG = 0) or any (SG > 0) hepatic steatosis.ConclusionsOur study in a typical heterogeneous clinical population suggests the semi‐quantitative HRI is of limited use in hepatic steatosis imaging. As HRI is the objective measure of the subjective brightness (B)‐mode assessment, this imaging feature may not be as reliable as previously thought. Quantitative ATI may be the preferred non‐invasive technique for hepatic steatosis assessment.
Elevated blood pressure is associated with advanced brain aging in mid‐life: A 30‐year follow‐up of The CARDIA Study
Authors: Dintica Christina S. , Habes Mohamad , Erus Guray , Vittinghoff Eric , Davatzikos Christos , Nasrallah Ilya M. , Launer Lenore J. , Sidney Stephen , Yaffe Kristine 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundHigh blood pressure (BP) is a risk factor for late‐life brain health; however, the association of elevated BP with brain health in mid‐life is unclear.MethodsWe identified 661 participants from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study (age 18–30 at baseline) with 30 years of follow‐up and brain magnetic resonance imaging at year 30. Cumulative exposure of BP was estimated by time‐weighted averages (TWA). Ideal cardiovascular health was defined as systolic BP < 120 mm Hg, diastolic BP < 80 mm Hg. Brain age was calculated using previously validated high dimensional machine learning pattern analyses.ResultsEvery 5 mmHg increment in TWA systolic BP was associated with approximately 1‐year greater brain age (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.50–1.36) Participants with TWA systolic or diastolic BP over the recommended guidelines for ideal cardiovascular health, had on average 3‐year greater brain age (95% CI: 1.00–4.67; 95% CI: 1.45–5.13, respectively).ConclusionElevated BP from early to mid adulthood, even below clinical cut‐offs, is associated with advanced brain aging in mid‐life.
Oxidative Elimination and Reductive Addition of Thiol‐Terminated Polymer Ligands to Metal Nanoparticles
Authors: Kang Jing , Wang Yu‐Xi , Peng Fei , Zhang Ning‐Ning , Xue Yao , Yang Yang , Kumacheva Eugenia , Liu Kun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMetal nanoparticles (NPs) stabilized with thiol‐ (HS‐) terminated polymers have applications in medicine, optoelectronics, and catalysis. It is assumed that upon exposure to oxidants or even air, these NPs lose colloidal stability, due to the oxidation of the HS‐end‐group and elimination of polymer ligands from the NP surface, however, this mechanism does not explain the unsuccessful recovery of the NP stability by adding fresh HS‐terminated polymers. Here we propose the oxidation of the surface metal atoms as a mechanism for the oxidative elimination of polymer from the NP surface. Based on this mechanism, we reversed NP aggregation by reducing the oxidized metal surface and re‐attaching HS‐terminated polymer ligands. This mechanism is general for various metal NPs and different HS‐terminated polymers. We show that oxidative elimination and reductive addition reactions can improve the colloidal stability of polymer‐capped metal NPs and control their redox stimuli‐responsive self‐assembly.
Absorption characteristics of ilexgenin A and ilexsaponin B1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells after administration of the total triterpenoid saponins from Ilex pubescens
Authors: Qiu Jingwen , Shang Xueying , Chen Bingying , Bai Rongyu , Wu Yurong , Wang Ying , Wan Xin , Zhou Yuan , Zhu Chenchen , Zhang Ren , Zhang Juan , Zhao Zhongxiang , Zhang Lei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIlex pubescens is a famous Chinese herbal medicine, frequently used to treat cardiovascular disease in South China. In this study, we aim to explore the absorption properties of ilexgenin A (C1) and ilexsaponin B1 (C3) in vascular endothelial cells after administration of the total triterpenoid saponins from Ilex pubescens (IPTS) and clarify the possible transport mechanisms. A UPLC–qTOF–MS/MS system was used to identify the components in IPTS that could be intracellularly transported by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Afterwards, a rapid, highly selective and sensitive method was established to simultaneously quantify the concentration of C1 and C3 in HUVECs after administration of IPTS. The results demonstrate that pretreatment with IPTS could promote the survival of HUVECs and reduce the damage caused by TNF‐α to HUVECs. Among the main 11 components in IPTS, eight components could be absorbed by HUVECs, including seven triterpenoids and one phenolic acid. The uptake of C1 and C3 by HUVECs occurred in a time‐, temperature‐ and concentration‐dependent manner, indicating the participation of passive diffusion and active transportation mechanisms. The two triterpenoid saponins all exhibited rapid absorption and a bimodal phenomenon in their concentration–time profiles, and equilibrium could be achieved after 6 h. Furthermore, C1 and C3 intracellular transportation was regulated by serum proteins, sodium‐dependent glucose transporter 1 and P‐glycoprotein. The current research for the first time demonstrates the in vitro pharmacokinetics characteristics of C1 and C3 in HUVECs lines, which could supply a new way of understanding the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Inhibition of imrecoxib on mRNA and protein expression of CYP2C11 enzyme in rats
Authors: Wu Xikun , An Qi , Dong Jie , Wang Kexin , Jin Yiran , Liu Xiujv , Zhang Zhiqing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo evaluate the effect of imrecoxib on CYP2C11 enzyme activity, mRNA, and protein expression, a UPLC method was established. Tolbutamide was selected as the CYP2C11 enzyme‐specific probe drug and incubated with imrecoxib in rat liver microsomes. The yield of 4‐hydroxytolbutamide was measured using UPLC to investigate the effect of imrecoxib on CYP2C11 enzyme activity. Imrecoxib (10 mg/kg) was administered intragastrically twice daily. After 1, 7, and 14 days of administration, the liver tissues were analyzed. The expression of CYP2C11 enzyme mRNA was determined using reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction, and its protein expression was determined using Western blot analysis. Imrecoxib concentration was inversely proportional to the production of 4‐hydroxytolbutamide in liver microsomes. Imrecoxib demonstrated a dose‐dependent inhibitory effect on CYP2C11 activity with IC50 = 74.77 μM. After administration, reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction showed CYP2C11 enzyme mRNA expressions were 65% (P < 0.05), 35%, and 34% of the control group, respectively (P < 0.01). Western blot analysis showed CYP2C11 enzyme protein expressions were 80, 37, and 34% of the control group, respectively (P < 0.01). Imrecoxib can reduce mRNA and protein expression of CYP2C11 enzyme in rat liver and inhibit the activity of CYP2C11 enzyme in a dose‐dependent manner. However, it does not produce clinically significant drug interactions.
BRD9 is an essential regulator of glycolysis that creates an epigenetic vulnerability in colon adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhu Qunshan , Gu Xiang , Wei Wei , Wu Zheng , Gong Fengqin , Dong Xiaoqiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe intensive interplay between aberrant epigenetic events and metabolic remodeling represents one of the hallmarks of tumors, including colon cancer. The functions of Bromodomain Containing Protein BRD‐9 in colon cancer remains indefinite. We aimed to identify the biological roles and clinical significance of BRD9 in colon cancer.MethodsThe univariate‐ and multi‐variate Cox regression models were used to screen risk epigenetic regulators. Kaplan–Meier analysis and Pearson correlation analysis were used to assess clinical significance of BRD9. CCK‐8 assays, colony formation assay, Transwell, and soft‐agar assay were performed to determine the in vitro roles of BRD9. The oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) of colon cancer cells were evaluated by a Seahorse XF Extracellular Flux Analyzer. In vivo models and RT‐qPCR, western blotting, and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay were conducted to explore the functional roles of BRD9 in COAD.ResultsIn the study, we detected the expressions of 662 epigenetic regulators in COAD and identified a series of 42 hazard epigenetic factors with p < 0.05. Low‐throughput MTT assays highlighted that BRD9 is an essential target, and targeting BRD9 could reduce significant decreases of cell growth. BRD9 overexpression could notably elevate proliferation and migration potentialities, whereas, BRD9 ablation abolished these effects. Mechanistically, functional enrichment analysis indicated the potential associations between BRD9 and glycolysis metabolism. In addition, BRD9 epigenetically coordinates the H3K27ac modifications on the promoter regions of ENO2 and ALDOC, inducing enhanced glycolysis activity. Lastly, I‐BRD9 could significantly suppress the growth of colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.ConclusionsTogether, our study revealed previously unidentified roles of BRD9 in colon cancer metabolism and tumor progression, indicating that BRD9 could be a valuable therapeutic target for COAD patients.
The risk of self‐harm and suicide attempts in maltreated and poly‐victimised adolescents from Lithuanian vocational schools
Authors: Šalčiūnaitė‐Nikonovė Laura , Šmigelskas Kastytis , Žemaitaitytė Monika , Sukovienė Greta , Šiaulienė Ieva , Vaišvilė Agnė , Žemaitienė Nida 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundWorldwide statistics highlight that many adolescents suffer from various types of maltreatment, which often tend to co‐occur in the form of poly‐victimisation. The experience of maltreatment at a young age causes physical and mental health problems, and can also lead to self‐harm and suicide.The aimTo explore the possible impact of maltreatment and poly‐victimisation on adolescent self‐harm and suicide attempts.Participants and settingsIn total, 1898 students (15–18 years old) from Lithuanian vocational schools completed the survey (65.5% male).MethodThe impact of maltreatment and poly‐victimisation on self‐harm and suicide attempts was tested using multivariable binary logistic regressions.ResultsDifferent maltreatment types were significantly associated to self‐harm (odds ratio from 2.47 to 3.80, p < 0.001) and suicide attempts (odds ratio from 3.15 to 7.58, p < 0.001). The odds ratios for self‐harm and suicide attempt increased as the number of different types of maltreatment experienced increased. A history of experiencing four types of poly‐victimisation increased adolescent risk for self‐harm (OR = 18.57, p < 0.001, 95% CI: 5.77–59.72) and suicide attempts (OR = 45.54, p < 0.001, 95% CI: 14.37–144.28) the most.ConclusionAdolescents with experience of maltreatment, particularly if poly‐victimised, are at greater risk of engaging in self‐harming and suicidal behaviours.
Adverse childhood experiences are important but not the only risk to child development: Revisiting a full risk/resilience matrix
Authors: Sutton Carole 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMuch research has sought to distinguish key interacting factors affecting children as they develop which influence later outcomes. Some factors, notably adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), pose serious risks for later health or mental health problems for the children or predispose them for involvement in offending behaviours. However, other experiences, alongside ACEs, also pose risks and yet others offer protection. A matrix showing interacting influences from the mother's pregnancy onwards was published earlier; a revised matrix has been developed, showing a fresh picture of cumulative risk and protective factors.
Doping Sr and Introducing Oxygen Vacancies in Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3‐X Synergistically Promote the Pyro‐Photo‐Electric Catalysis Performance
Authors: Liu Zhifeng , Qiao Zhenxiang , Guo Zhengang , Ruan Mengnan , Yan Weiguo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe low utilization of light and the severe recombination of charge carriers have always restricted the development of photoelectric catalysis. In this work, the photoelectric catalytic performance is tuned by doping Sr in BaTiO3 pyroelectric material and simultaneously introducing oxygen vacancies to form double‐type defects, combined with pyroelectric polarization. Under the light and 20–50 °C cold‐heat cycle, the current density of Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3‐X reaches the maximum of 0.92 mA ⋅ cm−2, which is higher than the current density of Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3‐X under only light (0.69 mA ⋅ cm−2). Under light alone, the current density of Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3‐X is higher than that of BaTiO3 (0.19 mA ⋅ cm−2) and Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3 (0.44 mA ⋅ cm−2). This is because the incorporation of Sr can introduce the Fermi level, improve the utilization rate of solar energy, and improve the pyroelectric polarization effect with volume shrinkage, and promote the separation and transfer of carriers. Oxygen vacancies can be used as reactive centers for excited electrons to suppress the recombination of excited electron‐hole pairs. Furthermore, the generation of photogenerated and pyrogenerated carriers increases the overall carrier concentration. This provides ideas for the modification of traditional photoelectrodes for photoelectric catalysis water splitting.
Biohybrid Organic Heterostructure Based on Chlorophyll‐Bacteriochlorophyll Aggregates for Ecofriendly Hydrogen Production
Authors: Li Yuanlin , Zheng Tianfang , Liu Yanxiang , Levchenko Georgiy G. , Han Wei , Pashchenko Aleksey V. , Sasaki Shin‐ichi , Tamiaki Hitoshi , Wang Xiao‐Feng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHydrogen energy is an abundant, clean, sustainable and environmentally friendly renewable energy source. Therefore, the production of hydrogen by photocatalytically splitting water on semiconductors has been considered in recent years as a promising and sustainable strategy for converting solar energy into chemical energy to replace conventional energy sources and to solve the growing problem of environmental pollution and the global energy crisis. However, highly efficient solar‐driven photocatalytic hydrogen production remains a huge challenge due to the poor visible light response of available photocatalytic materials and the low efficiency of separation and transfer of photogenerated electron‐hole pairs. In the present work, organic heterojunction structures based on bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) and chlorophyll (Chl) molecules were introduced and used for solar‐driven photocatalytic hydrogen production from water under visible light. Also, noble metal‐free photocatalyst was successfully constructed on Ti3C2Tx nanosheets by simple successive deposition of Chl and BChl, which was used for the photocatalytic splitting water to hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The results show that the optimal BChl@Chl@Ti3C2Tx composite has a high HER performance with 114 μmol/h/gcat, which is much higher than the BChl@Ti3C2Tx and Chl@Ti3C2Tx composites.
Sentinel 2 analysis of turbidity retrieval models in inland water bodies: The case study of Jordanian dams
Authors: Hussein Nidal M. , Assaf Mohammed N. , Abohussein Sohib S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the potential of using Sentinel 2 multispectral satellite images to develop turbidity retrieval models and further estimate the turbidity values of inland water bodies in Jordan. Traditionally, laboratory analysis has been used to assess surface water quality, which is expensive, time‐consuming, and requires accessing the field physically. In contrast, remote sensing technologies can detect the water contaminant level at a consistent spatial and temporal coverage. Turbidity is an essential indicator of inland water quality as it directly reflects under‐water light penetration. This study was held in three Jordanian dams, King Talal Dam, Mujib Dam, and Wadi Al Arab Dam, which vary in their water quality level. Twenty water samples were collected from each dam. Forty samples were used to calibrate the models, and the rest samples were used to validate the predictive models. The results show that Sentinel 2 near‐infrared band to green band (B8/B3) achieved high fitting accuracies with R2 = 0.832 and root mean square error (RMSE) = 1.123 NTU. Overall, this study has demonstrated the ability of Sentinel 2 data to estimate the turbidity in different ranges of inland water bodies’ quality and indicates that remote sensing can be used as an efficient tool for monitoring inland water quality. This study presents empirical data that could act as a platform to extend future work to cover more sites and contexts.