bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Axes and Positions of the Uterus and Vagina Between Women With and Without Pelvic Floor Organ Prolapse
Authors: Li Song , Wen Xuewei , Gao Zhenhua , Ke Kunbin , Yang Jing , Wang Haifeng , Mo Yin , Zeng Yizhen , Li Yuan , Tian Daoming , Shen Jihong 
Published: February 2022

PurposeTo analyze the role of the axial positions of the uterus and vagina in providing pelvic floor support, encourage evaluations of pelvic floor function, and improve the understanding of the pathogenesis of pelvic organ prolapse.MethodsThe lengths and angles of the upper, middle, and lower axes of the vagina, uterine body, and cervix of 81 women with prolapse (prolapse group) and 57 women without prolapse (non-prolapse group) were measured and compared using magnetic resonance images. The pelvic inclination correction system (PICS) line was also compared between the groups. The coordinate parameters of the anatomical points of the uterus and vagina were measured, and their positions were analyzed.ResultsIn the prolapse group, the uterine body-cervical angle, cervical-upper vaginal angle, uterine body-PICS line angle, cervical-PICS line angle, and lower vaginal-PICS line angle were smaller (p &lt; 0.05) and the middle-lower vaginal angle, upper vaginal-PICS line angle, and middle vaginal-PICS line angles were larger (p &lt; 0.05) than those in the non-prolapse group. The cervical length was longer (p &lt; 0.05) and the middle and lower vaginal lengths were shorter (p &lt; 0.05) in the prolapse group. The coordinate system revealed that the uterine and vaginal axes were shifted backward and downward in the prolapse group.ConclusionPatients in the prolapse group were more likely to have retroversion and retroflexion of the uterus than those in the non-prolapse group. The vagina was shortened, turned forward, and straightened, and the uterus and vagina were shifted backward and downward in the prolapse group. Changes in the axial position of the uterus and vagina are important mechanisms of pelvic floor organ prolapse.
Evaluating the Impact of Neurosurgical Rotation Experience in Africa on the Interest and Perception of Medical Students Towards a Career in Neurosurgery: A Continental, Multi-Centre, Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Dada Olaoluwa Ezekiel , Ooi Setthasorn Zhi Yang , Bukenya George William , Kenfack Yves Jordan , Le Chi , Ohonba Efosa , Adeyemo Emmanuel , Narain Kapil , Awad Ahmed K. , Barrie Umaru , Sichimba Dawin , Ogunfolaji Oloruntoba , Kitonga Lilian Mwende , Oriaku Adaeze Juanita , Bamimore Michael A. , Okor Douglas Emeka , Rominiyi Ola 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveAfrica has the second highest neurosurgical workforce deficit globally and many medical students in Africa lack exposure to the field. This study aims to assess the impact of a neurosurgical rotation during medical school in shaping the perception and interest of students toward a career in neurosurgery.Study DesignCross-sectional study.MethodsA Google form e-survey was disseminated to African clinical medical students between February 21st and March 20th, 2021. Data on exposure and length of neurosurgical rotation and perception of, and interest in, neurosurgery were collected. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and adjusted logistic regression modeling.ResultsData was received from 539 students in 30 African countries (30/54, 55.6%). The majority of participants were male and were from Kenya, Nigeria and South Africa. Most students had undertaken a formal neurosurgery rotation, of which the majority reported a rotation length of 4 weeks or less. Students who had more than 4 weeks of neurosurgical exposure were more likely to express a career interest in neurosurgery than those without [odds ratio (OR) = 1.75, p &lt; 0.04] and men were more likely to express interest in a neurosurgical career compared to women (OR = 3.22, p &lt; 0.001), after adjusting for other factors.ConclusionNeurosurgical exposure is a key determinant in shaping the perception and interest of medical students toward a career in neurosurgery. Our findings support the need: i) for a continent-wide, standardized curriculum guide to neurosurgical rotations and ii) to advocate for gender inclusivity in education and policy-making efforts across the African continent.
Halogenated Dihydropyrrol-2-One Molecules Inhibit Pyocyanin Biosynthesis by Blocking the Pseudomonas Quinolone Signaling System
Authors: Das Theerthankar , Sabir Shekh , Chen Ren , Farrell Jessica , Kriel Frederik H. , Whiteley Gregory S. , Glasbey Trevor O. , Manos Jim , Willcox Mark D. P. , Kumar Naresh 
Published: February 2022

Quorum-sensing (QS) systems of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are involved in the control of biofilm formation and virulence factor production. The current study evaluated the ability of halogenated dihydropyrrol-2-ones (DHP) (Br (4a), Cl (4b), and F (4c)) and a non-halogenated version (4d) to inhibit the QS receptor proteins LasR and PqsR. The DHP molecules exhibited concentration-dependent inhibition of LasR and PqsR receptor proteins. For LasR, all compounds showed similar inhibition levels. However, compound 4a (Br) showed the highest decrease (two-fold) for PqsR, even at the lowest concentration (12.5 µg/mL). Inhibition of QS decreased pyocyanin production amongst P. aeruginosa PAO1, MH602, ATCC 25619, and two clinical isolates (DFU-53 and 364707). In the presence of DHP, P. aeruginosa ATCC 25619 showed the highest decrease in pyocyanin production, whereas clinical isolate DFU-53 showed the lowest decrease. All three halogenated DHPs also reduced biofilm formation by between 31 and 34%. The non-halogenated compound 4d exhibited complete inhibition of LasR and had some inhibition of PqsR, pyocyanin, and biofilm formation, but comparatively less than halogenated DHPs.
Low-value pharmaceutical care among Dutch GPs: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Müskens Joris LJM , van Dulmen Simone A , Wiersma Tjerk , Burgers Jako S , Hek Karin , Westert Gert P , Kool Rudolf B 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundLow-value pharmaceutical care exists in general practice. However, the extent among Dutch GPs remains unknown.AimTo assess the prevalence of low-value pharmaceutical care among Dutch GPs.Design and settingRetrospective cohort study using data from patient records.MethodThe prevalence of three types of pharmaceutical care prescribed by GPs between 2016 and 2019 were examined: topical antibiotics for conjunctivitis, benzodiazepines for non-specific lower back pain, and chronic acid-reducing medication (ARM) prescriptions. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was performed to assess prescribing variation and the influence of patient characteristics on receiving a low-value prescription.ResultsLarge variation in prevalence as well as practice variation was observed among the types of low-value pharmaceutical GP care examined. Between 53% and 61% of patients received an inappropriate antibiotics prescription for conjunctivitis, around 3% of patients with lower back pain received an inappropriate benzodiazepine prescription, and 88% received an inappropriate chronic ARM prescription during the years examined. The odds of receiving an inappropriate antibiotic or benzodiazepine prescription increased with age (P<0.001), but decreased for chronic inappropriate ARM prescriptions (P<0.001). Sex affected only the odds of receiving a non-indicated chronic ARM, with males being at higher risk (P<0.001). The odds of receiving an inappropriate ARM increased with increasing neighbourhood socioeconomic status (P<0.05). Increasing practice size decreased the odds of inappropriate antibiotic and benzodiazepine prescriptions (P<0.001).ConclusionThe results show that the prevalence of low-value pharmaceutical GP care varies among these three clinical problems. Significant variation in inappropriate prescribing exists between different types of pharmaceutical care — and GP practices.
GP wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review
Authors: Jefferson Laura , Golder Su , Heathcote Claire , Avila Ana Castro , Dale Veronica , Essex Holly , van der Feltz Cornelis Christina , McHugh Elizabeth , Moe-Byrne Thirimon , Bloor Karen 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundDoctors’ organisations in the UK have reported worrying levels of work-related stress and burnout in the GP workforce for some time, and the COVID-19 pandemic has presented clear new challenges.AimTo synthesise international evidence exploring the impact of COVID-19 on primary care doctors’ mental health and wellbeing, and identify risk factors associated with their psychological wellbeing during this time.Design and settingMixed-methods systematic review.MethodSix bibliographic databases, Google Scholar, and MedRxiv were searched on 19 November 2020 and 3 June 2021 to identify studies of GP psychological wellbeing during the pandemic. Reference checking was also conducted. Two reviewers selected studies, extracted data, and assessed the quality of studies using standardised tools. Heterogeneity in outcomes, setting, and design prohibited statistical pooling; studies were combined using a convergent integrated thematic synthesis.ResultsThirty-one studies were included. Multiple sources of stress were identified including changed working practices; risk, exposure, and inadequate personal protective equipment (PPE); information overload; pandemic preparedness; and cohesion across sectors. Studies demonstrated an impact on psychological wellbeing, with some GPs experiencing stress, burnout, anxiety, depression, fear of COVID-19, lower job satisfaction, and physical symptoms. Studies reported gender and age differences: women GPs had poorer psychological outcomes across all domains, and older GPs reported greater stress and burnout. Use of outcome measures and reporting practice varied greatly.ConclusionThis review of international evidence demonstrates that the COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected GPs’ wellbeing around the world. Further research could explore gender and age differences, identifying interventions targeted to these groups.
ANALISIS KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN SECARA ONLINE PADA MARKETPLACE BATIK PEKALONGAN
Authors: Herawati Heny , Ristanto Ristanto 
Published: February 2022

Pertumbuhan usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah di Pekalongan saat ini masih perlu untuk ditingkatkan, Oleh karena itu perlu suatu cara atau metode tertentu untuk memperbaikinya bagaimana mereka dapat menjual produknya dengan baik. Upaya yang harus dilakukan saat ini diantaranya adalah dengan menggunakan melalui media digital dengan penerapannya secara online. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk menganalisa keputusan pembelian secara online pada marketplace Batik pekalongan. Dengan sampel berjumlah 96 responden. Data diperoleh dengan pembagian kuesioner kepada pengrajin dan konsumen batik pekalongan . Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa 1). Produk mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian secara online pada marketplace batik pekalongan dengan kualitas dan corak atau motif batik yang beraneka ragam. 2). Variabel terendah dalam penelitian ini adalah harga dengan keterjangkauan di masyarakat yang akan mempengaruhi konsumen untuk melakukan keputusan pembelian secara online pada marketplace batik pekalongan
Dynamics of Clinical, Neurological and Dopplerographic Indicators in Patients with Stroke in the Vertebrobasillary System at the Stages of Rehabilitation
Authors: Мирджураев Э.М. , Бахадирова М.А. , Акилов Д.Х. , Бахадирова М.О. , Мирджураев Ж.Э. , Бахадиров С.К. 
Published: February 2022

Введение. Ишемический инсульт является серьезной медико-социальной проблемой в связи с глубокой и длительной инвалидизацией, а также с социальной дезадаптацией пациентов. Цель. Изучение изменений мозгового кровотока у пациентов с инсультами в вертебробазилярной системе на этапах реабилитации. Материалы и методы. В статье представлен сравнительный анализ показателей мозгового кровотока у пациентов с инсультами в вертебробазилярном бассейне по признаку наличия хронической обструктивной болезни легких. Всего было обследовано 126 пациентов, разделенных на 2 группы. Все пациенты получали традиционное лечение в острейшем и остром периодах ишемического инсульта, пациенты с хронической обструктивной болезнью легких получали лечение хронической обструктивной болезни легких параллельно с традиционной терапией ишемического инсульта. Всем пациентам с помощью цветного дуплексного сканирования и транскраниальной допплерографии были измерены наиболее важные и динамические показатели гемодинамики в сосудах. Результаты. Согласно анализу показателей обеих групп установлена недостоверность различий кровотока в исследуемых сосудах в подгруппах.
Introduction. Ischemic stroke is a serious medical and social problem due to deep and long-term disability, as well as social maladaptation of patients. Purpose. To study the changes in cerebral blood flow and the possibility of rehabilitation in patients with strokes in the vertebrobasilar system. Materials and methods. The article presents a comparative analysis of the parameters of cerebral blood flow in patients with strokes in the vertebrobasilar basin on the base of the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A total of 126 patients were examined and divided into 2 groups. All patients received traditional treatment in the most acute and acute periods of ischemic stroke; patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease received treatment of it in parallel with traditional therapy of ischemic stroke. The most important and dynamic parameters of vascular hemodynamics were measured in all patients using the color duplex scanning and transcranial Dopplerography. Results. The analysis of the indicators of both groups revealed no significant differences of blood flow in the studied vessels in the subgroups.
Relationship between Neurovegetative Disorders and Metabolic Syndrome Components in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Михайловская Н.С. , Кулинич Т.О. , Шершнева О.В. , Лисовая О.А. , Грицай А.В. 
Published: February 2022

Сцелью установить взаимосвязь тревожно-депрессивных расстройств с компонентами метаболического синдрома у пациентов с ишемической болезнью сердца обследован 81 пациент с диагнозом ИБС - стабильная стенокардия напряжения I-III функционального класса: 1-я группа - 35 пациентов с ИБС, 2-я группа - 46 пациентов с ИБС в сочетании с метаболическим синдромом. С помощью суточного мониторирования ЭКГ, Сиэтловского опросника качества жизни, опросника SF-36, шкалы HADS исследованы клинические особенности пациентов сишемической болезнью сердца во взаимосвязи с выраженностью тревожно-депрессивных расстройств. Установлено, что течение ИБС, коморбидной с метаболическим синдромом, ассоциировано с симпато-парасимпатическим дисбалансом, снижением качества жизни, более высокими суммарными уровнями тревоги и депрессии по шкале HADS, коррелирующими с такими компонентами метаболического синдрома, как абдоминальное ожирение, дислипидемия и гипергликемия.
In order to reveal the relationship of anxiety-depressive disorders with the components of metabolic syndrome in patients with ischemic heart disease, 81 patients with the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease were examined - stable exertional angina of the II-III functional class: group 1 - 35 patients with ischemic heart disease, group 2 - 46 patients with ischemic heart disease in combination with metabolic syndrome. Using daily ECG monitoring, the Seattle quality of life questionnaire, the SF-36 questionnaire, the HADS scale, the clinical features of patients with coronary heart disease in relation to the severity of anxiety-depressive disorders were investigated. It was found that the course of coronary artery disease, comorbid with metabolic syndrome, is associated with sympathetic- parasympathetic imbalance, decreased quality of life, higher total levels of anxiety and depression on the HADS scale, correlating with such components of metabolic syndrome as abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia.
Donor Selection in Preparation of COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma to Reduce Economic Costs
Authors: Новик А.В. , Карпенко Ф.Н. , Каменская Т.В. , Гущина Л.М. , Еремин В.Ф. 
Published: February 2022

Применение плазмы иммунной анти-COVID-19 (ПИ) при лечении пациентов с коронавирусной инфекцией, вызванной SARS-CoV-2, в качестве средства пассивной иммунотерапии потребовало проведения анализа заготовки ПИ в зависимости от количества N-специфических иS-RBD-специфических IgG у донора и клинической эффективности. В настоящее время остается актуальным определение оптимальных критериев отбора доноров-реконвалесцентов для донации ПИ с целью снижения экономических затрат организаций переливания крови на обследование донора, проведение процедуры плазмафереза, патогенредукции, карантинизации ПИ в зависимости от количества содержания в сыворотке крови донора антител класса IgG к SARS-CoV-2.
The use of COVID-19 convalescent plasma in the treatment of patients with coronavirus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 as a means of passive immunotherapy required the analysis of preparation of the COVID-19 convalescent plasma, depending on the amount of N-specific and S-RBD-specific antibodies in the donor and clinical efficacy. Currently, it remains relevant to determine the optimal selection criteria for convalescent donors for donating COVID-19 convalescent plasma in order to reduce the economic costs of blood transfusion organizations for examining the donor, plasmapheresis procedure, pathogen reduction, COVID-19 convalescent plasma quarantine, depending on the level of the donor’s serum IgG antibodies to SARS- CoV-2.
Use of Intravenous Immunoglobulins in Treatment of Blood System Diseases (Review of Literature and Our own Research). Part 2
Authors: Сергутина С.Ю. , Сивкович С.А. , Старовойт В.В. , Калюта А.А. 
Published: February 2022

В статье рассмотрены вопросы применения иммуноглобулинов для внутривенного введения (ИГВВ) у пациентов с заболеваниями системы крови. Представлены данные о структуре и свойствах основных классов иммуноглобулинов, их биологическом значении; изложена история получения и применения препаратов ИГВВ; приведены особенности фармакокинетики ИГВВ, механизмы их действия и основные требования ВОЗ к препаратам ИГВВ; дана сравнительная характеристика некоторых ИГВВ различных производителей. Авторами проанализированы возможности применения ИГВВ в качестве заместительной терапии при заболеваниях системы крови; приведены данные собственных исследований по эффективности применения ИГВВ у пациентов с лимфопролиферативными неоплазиями; указаны критерии назначения заместительной ИГВВ-терапии при заболеваниях системы крови, рекомендуемые дозы и схемы применения ИГВВ с учетом факторов риска как со стороны пациента, так и препаратов ИГВВ; представлены данные о возможных побочных реакциях при применении ИГВВ ипринципы их профилактики.
In the article, there is discussed the use of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) in patients with the blood system diseases. The data on the structure and properties of the main classes of immunoglobulins, their biological significance are presented; the history of obtaining and using IVIG preparations is presented; the features of IVIG pharmacokinetics, their mechanisms of action, and the main WHO requirements for IVIG drugs are presented; a comparative characteristic of some IVIG preparations from different manufacturers is given. The authors analyzed the possibilities of using IVIG as substitution therapy of the blood system diseases; the data of our own research on the effectiveness of IVIG use in patients with lymphoproliferative neoplasias are presented; the criteria for prescribing IVIG replacement therapy in the blood system diseases, the recommended doses and regimens for IVIG administration, taking into account the risk factors both on the part of the patient and IVIG drugs, are indicated; the data on possible adverse reactions in the use of IVIG and the principles of their prevention are given.
Intravenous Iron for Correction of Anemia in Patients with Digestive Diseases
Authors: Рыбина О.В. , Сахин В.Т. , Губкин А.В. , Свиридова А.В. , Рукавицын О.А. 
Published: February 2022

Введение. Анемия - одно из наиболее часто встречающихся осложнений у пациентов с воспалительными заболеваниями кишечника (ВЗК) и хроническими заболеваниями печени. Для коррекции анемии в клинической практике все чаще применяют препараты железа, вводимые парентерально. Однако такая терапия может привести к избытку железа и ухудшить течение основного заболевания. Понимание патогенеза анемии важно для подбора терапии и минимизации риска осложнений. Материалы и методы. Проанализированы 10 пациентов с гастроэнтерологической патологией. Средний возраст составил 52,5 года. Пациенты были разделены на 2 группы: 1-я группа - 5 пациентов с ЖДА, протекающей на фоне патологии гепатобилиарной системы (ЗГБС), 2-я группа - 5 пациентов с воспалительными заболеваниями кишечника (ВЗК), осложненными анемией хронических заболеваний. Результаты. В обеих группах не было зарегистрировано достоверного прироста эритроцитов и гемоглобина (р>0,05), что, скорее всего, связано с коротким периодом наблюдения. При оценке феррокинетики выявлена статистически значимая положительная динамика всех показателей во 2-й группе (р<0,05), в 1-й группе достоверно изменился только показатель ферритина (р=0,009). Заключение. Необходимо дальнейшее исследование пациентов с гастроэнтерологической патологией, осложненной анемией, для формирования окончательного заключения об эффективности и целесообразности применения парентеральных форм препаратов железа у данных категорий пациентов.
Introduction. Anemia is one of the most common complications in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and chronic liver disease. In clinical practice, the intravenous iron is frequently administered. However, this therapy can lead to excess iron and cause exacerbation of the disease. Understanding the pathogenesis of anemia is important for the selection of therapy and minimizing the risk of complications. Materials and methods. 10 patients with gastroenterological pathology were analyzed. The average age was 52.5 years. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the first group - 5 patients with hepatobiliary system disease complicated by IDA, the second group - 5 patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) complicated by anemia of chronic diseases (ACD). Results. A statistically increased level of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit in the both groups was not revealed (p>0.05). Statistically significant positive dynamics of all ferrokinetic parameters was detected in the group 2 (p<0.05). Only the ferritin indicator was changed significantly in the group 1 (p=0.009). Conclusion. Further study of patients with gastroenterological pathology complicated by anemia is required to form a final conclusion on the effectiveness and appropriateness of the intravenous iron administration in these categories of patients.