bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Dynamical Behaviors of a Stochastic Mumps Infectious Disease Model
Authors: Zhang Suping , Yang Feng , Wu Xiuyang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe study of infectious disease dynamics plays an important role in reflecting the transmission mechanisms of epidemics. Compared with the traditional statistical methods, understanding dynamics of an infectious disease can better make people understand some global characteristics of epidemic and help in designing appropriate strategies to control diseases. Early studies of mumps mainly focused on deterministic models. However, environmental noises are inevitable during the spread of infectious diseases. This paper extends a mumps transmission model from a deterministic to a stochastic framework and explores the dynamical behaviors of the model by constructing suitable Lyapunov functions. Our model is a six‐dimensional stochastic model. The construction of suitable Lyapunov functions is very challenging. Firstly, we show that this model has a unique global positive solution for any positive initial values. Secondly, we compute the basic reproduction numbers and present sufficient conditions for the existence of a unique ergodic stationary distribution and the extinction of the disease. Finally, we perform numerical simulations and sensitivity analysis for exploring the effect of some parameters and the white noises on the behavior of the model. The theoretical results can provide necessary guidelines to public health administrators for controlling and preventing diseases.
Fast Crank‐Nicolson Block‐Centered Difference Scheme for a Tempered Time‐Fractional Mobile/Immobile Equation With Variable Coefficients
Authors: Dong Yuexiu , Nong Lijuan , Chen An 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we are interest in developing efficient numerical scheme for solving a two‐dimensional tempered time‐fractional mobile/immobile equation with time‐space dependent coefficients, which arises in the modeling of groundwater flow and pollutant transport. By applying the fast modified L1 formula in time and the block‐centered difference method in space, we establish a fully discrete fast Crank‐Nicolson difference scheme. The stability and error estimate of the proposed scheme are strictly proved. To handle the initial weakly singularity of the solution, we also consider a fast nonuniform modified L1 formula to solve the model problem. The numerical tests, both smooth and nonsmooth solution cases, are demonstrated to verify the accuracy and efficiency of our scheme.
Effects of Random Field Heterogeneity of Spatial Soil Properties on the Bearing Capacity of Neighbouring Footing
Authors: Boru Yada Tesfaye , Pieczyńska‐Kozłowska Joanna , Puła Wojciech 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe study presents a comprehensive study on the assessment of the bearing capacity of closely spaced strip footings on c‐ø soil, considering spatial variability in soil properties. A linear elastic model is employed for footings and elastic–perfect plastic soil behaviour via the Mohr–Coulomb yield criterion. Soil properties obtained from extensive field investigations of Taranto Blue Clay (TBC) in Italy are modelled as stationary random fields (RFs) generated using the Fourier series method. The cohesion and friction angle RFs are integrated with the Z‐soil FE code. The final results are obtained according to the random finite element method (RFEM). The study investigates the influence of spacing distances between footings and spatial correlation lengths of soil parameters on the bearing capacity. Results show how spacing distance affects bearing capacity. Moreover, it indicates that neighbouring footing bearing capacity is strongly correlated with investigated parameters. In the case of small spatial correlation lengths, the patterns were obtained as non‐symmetrical, transitioning to more symmetrical patterns at larger lengths. The manuscript concludes by presenting reliability‐based design considerations for the ultimate bearing capacity, considering the horizontal spatial scale of fluctuation (SOF). The findings emphasize the importance of evaluating allowable design bearing capacity for proximity structures using RFEM and provide valuable insights into the interplay between spacing distances and spatial variability in soil properties. To this end, the study underscores the critical interplay between spacing distance, spatial correlation lengths, and random soil properties in assessing neighbouring footing‐bearing capacities.
CXCL14 increase dendritic cell antigen presentation and promote asthma immune response
Authors: Wu Wenjie , Ding Fengxia , Li Yan , Fu Zhou 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAsthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease characterized by reversible airflow limitation and airway hyperresponsiveness, which requires long‐term drug treatment and management. It is very important to study the etiology and pathogenesis of asthma for clinical asthma prevention and treatment. In this study, to understand the correlation between C‐X‐C motif chemokine ligand 14 (CXCL14) in bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDCs) and antigen presentation of asthma dendritic cells (DCs), an in vitro model of BMDCs was constructed for RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq). The changes of CXCL14 in BMDCs after house dust mites (HDM) stimulation were evaluated. Finally, evaluated the inflammation of the lung tissue in mice, and the expression of costimulatory molecules on the DCs surface in the lung tissue was analyzed by flow cytometry. The results showed that CXCL14 was upregulated in BMDCs after HDM stimulation, and its function was related to signal molecule interaction and the immune system. The expression of CXCL14 was increased in the HDM‐induced allergic asthma model. Knockdown of CXCL14 reduced the expression of costimulatory molecules CD86, CD80, and major histocompatibility complex II on the surface of DCs in the lung tissue of mice, induced immune tolerance, and reduced lung inflammatory cell infiltration and inflammatory factor levels, providing new ideas and theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of bronchial asthma.
Fecal Metaproteomics as a Tool to Monitor Functional Modifications Induced in the Gut Microbiota by Ketogenic Diet: A Case Study
Authors: Tanca Alessandro , Masia Simona , Giustacchini Piero , Uzzau Sergio 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMetaproteomics is a valuable approach to characterize the biological functions involved in the gut microbiota (GM) response to dietary interventions. Ketogenic diets (KDs) are very effective in controlling seizure severity and frequency in drug‐resistant epilepsy (DRE) and in the weight loss management in obese/overweight individuals. This case study provides proof of concept for the suitability of metaproteomics to monitor changes in taxonomic and functional GM features in an individual on a short‐term very low‐calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD, 4 weeks), followed by a low‐calorie diet (LCD). A marked increase in Akkermansia and Pseudomonadota was observed during VLCKD and reversed after the partial reintroduction of carbohydrates (LCD), in agreement with the results of previous metagenomic studies. In functional terms, the relative increase in Akkermansia was associated with an increased production of proteins involved in response to stress and biosynthesis of gamma‐aminobutyric acid. In addition, VLCKD caused a relative increase in enzymes involved in the synthesis of the beta‐ketoacid acetoacetate and of the ketogenic amino acid leucine. Our data support the potential of fecal metaproteomics to investigate the GM‐dependent effect of KD as a therapeutic option in obese/overweight individuals and DRE patients.
Decoding Microbial Plastic Colonisation: Multi‐Omic Insights Into the Fast‐Evolving Dynamics of Early‐Stage Biofilms
Authors: Lee Charlotte E. , Messer Lauren F. , Wattiez Ruddy , Matallana‐Surget Sabine 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMarine plastispheres represent dynamic microhabitats where microorganisms colonise plastic debris and interact. Metaproteomics has provided novel insights into the metabolic processes within these communities; however, the early metabolic interactions driving the plastisphere formation remain unclear. This study utilised metaproteomic and metagenomic approaches to explore early plastisphere formation on low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) over 3 (D3) and 7 (D7) days, focusing on microbial diversity, activity and biofilm development. In total, 2948 proteins were analysed, revealing dominant proteomes from Pseudomonas and Marinomonas, with near‐complete metagenome‐assembled genomes (MAGs). Pseudomonas dominated at D3, whilst at D7, Marinomonas, along with Acinetobacter, Vibrio and other genera became more prevalent. Pseudomonas and Marinomonas showed high expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) suppression proteins, associated with oxidative stress regulation, whilst granule formation, and alternative carbon utilisation enzymes, also indicated nutrient limitations. Interestingly, 13 alkanes and other xenobiotic degradation enzymes were expressed by five genera. The expression of toxins, several type VI secretion system (TVISS) proteins, and biofilm formation proteins by Pseudomonas indicated their competitive advantage against other taxa. Upregulated metabolic pathways relating to substrate transport also suggested enhanced nutrient cross‐feeding within the more diverse biofilm community. These insights enhance our understanding of plastisphere ecology and its potential for biotechnological applications.
Digital Regulation and Questions of Legitimacy
Authors: Moss Giles 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTGovernments across the world have introduced or are considering new digital regulation to address a range of policy issues, from long‐standing concerns about illegal and harmful content online to more recent debates about the risks and benefits of generative AI. As new regimes of digital regulation take shape, questions about their legitimacy are likely to become ever more central. Focusing on the model of independent regulation favoured in liberal democracies, this article notes that the general problems of legitimacy regulators faces may be aggravated in the case of digital regulation, since the factors believed to make regulation effective (technical expertise, agility, adaptability and collaborative relations with industry) widen the gap between regulators and democratic publics and increase the likelihood of ‘capture’ by powerful stakeholders and ideologies. Rejecting both technocratic and populist‐decisionist responses to these legitimation problems, the article draws instead on work that rethinks regulation along more deliberative democratic lines. To improve the legitimacy of digital regulation, the focus should be on increasing the quality of justification between regulators and their publics, ensuring not just that those involved in regulation justify their decisions to those they affect and are supposed to serve, but that members of the public are empowered to reflect on, test and contribute to shaping these justifications.
Quantitative Measurement of Surface Oxidation of Polypropylene by O Atoms: Increase and Subsequent Decrease in Hydrophilicity Induced by O‐Atom Treatment
Authors: Kimata Yuto , Du Hao , Ono Ryo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTo examine the surface modification of polypropylene (PP) by O atoms, PP surfaces are treated using a vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photodissociation reactive species supply method. The O‐atom treatment initially reduces the water contact angle (WCA) on the PP surface; however, prolonged treatment leads to an increase in the WCA. This increase is likely due to the evaporation of low‐molecular‐weight oxidized materials generated by PP chain scission. The relationship between O‐atom density and the observed reduction and subsequent increase in WCA is analyzed in detail. The results are compared with findings from previous studies on PP plasma treatment to elucidate the specific role of O atoms in plasma‐based surface treatments.
Parental Dependency and Costly Offspring: Housing and Fertility of Young Adults in China's Large City
Authors: Mo Haitong , Liu Yuting 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTYoung adults in large cities are experiencing serious livelihood challenges, notably precarious employment, housing difficulties, and diminished fertility intention. Existing research on the interplay between fertility and housing has yet to fully capture the intergenerational dynamics. This study utilised questionnaires and in‐depth interviews conducted in a typical China's large city, Guangzhou, to examine the associations between the housing condition and the fertility intention of young adults, across different types of parental support, that is, ‘without parental support’, ‘stay at parents' home’, ‘support renting’, ‘support for partial down payment and/or mortgage’ and ‘support for full payment of homeownership’. Findings indicate that the housing condition significantly and positively associates with the fertility intention, but only for those without parental support or receiving support for partial down payment and/or mortgage. A comparative analysis across the five parental support categories reveals that, the association between the housing condition and the fertility intention is significantly stronger for the group ‘support for partial down payment and/or housing mortgage’ compared to those ‘without parental support’, ‘staying at parents' home’ and receiving ‘support for full payment of homeownership’. This study highlights the cost–utility dynamics of housing, the intergenerational wealth flows, and the gender strategic interactions as crucial underlying mechanisms.
Exploring the Therapeutic Effects of Anisole on Psoriasis in Mice Based on the JAK1/STAT3 Pathway
Authors: Ning Qing , Yue Yingxue , Liu Xinlian , Ji Wenbo , Zhao Qin , Wang Jing , Zhang Zhenhai 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSafe and effective treatments for psoriasis are limited. Anisole is an active ingredient in citrus and basil volatile oils; however, its potential for psoriasis treatment remains unexplored. To investigate the effects and mechanism of anisole transdermal administration as a treatment for psoriasis. Imiquimod (IMQ) was used to establish a C57 mouse psoriasis model. The severity of psoriasis lesions in each group was assessed by evaluating the thickness of skin lesions, erythema, and scales. Pathological changes within the epidermis organization were evaluated via hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining using light microscopy. Serum inflammatory factor levels were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. Real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) and western blotting (WB) were performed to analyze the mRNA levels of relevant inflammatory factors and the expression of key proteins at the skin lesion sites in psoriatic mice. In model mice, applying anisole hydrogels significantly reduced the serum levels of pro‐inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)‐17A, (IL)‐23, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, and interferon (IFN)‐γ. H&E staining revealed significantly attenuated stratum spinosum thickening and lymphocyte infiltration in the treatment group. RT‐qPCR results further demonstrated that the skin tissues from the treatment group exhibited significantly reduced Il1b, Il17a, Il22, and Tnfa mRNA expression. Western blotting revealed inhibition of the JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway within anisole‐treated psoriatic tissues. Anisole potentially reduces psoriatic‐associated inflammation through the JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway, alleviating IMQ‐induced psoriasis.
Counterfactual All‐Or‐Nothing Oblivious Transfer for Quantum Messages
Authors: Cai Xiao‐Qiu , Yang Yu‐Guang , Wang Tian‐Yin , Xu Guang‐Bao , Jiang Dong‐Huan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOblivious transfer (OT) protocol is an essential building block for secure multiparty computation. The transmission of quantum messages is conductive in executing complex secure multiparty quantum computation tasks and even distributed quantum computation tasks. However, as an important form of OT protocol, existing all‐or‐nothing OT protocols only work for the transmission of classical messages thus limiting application scenarios. To tackle this issue, a counterfactual all‐or‐nothing OT protocol is proposed for quantum messages. Compared with existing all‐or‐nothing OT protocols for classical messages, the proposed protocol has three advantages: i) it is achieved without any physical particles traveling between the sender and the receiver thus reducing the communication complexity; ii) no prior entanglement between the sender and the receiver is required thus facilitating protocol implementation, and iii) it works for known even unknown quantum messages thereby offering broader application scenarios.
Copper‐Based Nanozymes: Potential Therapies for Infectious Wounds
Authors: Ge Haojie , Wang Min , Wei Xiaolong , Chen Xu‐Lin , Wang Xianwen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBacterial infections are a significant obstacle to the healing of acute and chronic wounds, such as diabetic ulcers and burn injuries. Traditional antibiotics are the primary treatment for bacterial infections, but they present issues such as antibiotic resistance, limited efficacy, and potential side effects. This challenge leads to the exploration of nanozymes as alternative therapeutic agents. Nanozymes are nanomaterials with enzyme‐like activities. Owing to their low production costs, high stability, scalability, and multifunctionality, nanozymes have emerged as a prominent focus in antimicrobial research. Among various types of nanozymes, metal‐based nanozymes offer several benefits, including broad‐spectrum antimicrobial activity and robust catalytic properties. Specifically, copper‐based nanozymes (CuNZs) have shown considerable potential in promoting wound healing. They exhibit strong antimicrobial effects, reduce inflammation, and enhance tissue regeneration, making them highly advantageous for use in wound care. This review describes the dual functions of CuNZs in combating infection and facilitating wound repair. Recent advancements in the design and synthesis of CuNZs, evaluating their antimicrobial efficacy, healing promotion, and biosafety both in vitro and in vivo on the basis of their core components, are critically important.
3D‐Printing of Freestanding Pure MXene Microarchitectures
Authors: Sim Ho Hyung , Kim Jung Hyun , Bae Jongcheon , Yoo Chanbin , Kim Dong‐Soo , Pyo Jaeyeon , Seol Seung Kwon 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSince their discovery, titanium‐based MXenes (Ti3C2Tx) have attracted significant attention. Several studies have presented versatile, cost‐effective, and scalable approaches for fabricating Ti3C2Tx‐based functional components. However, most previous studies only allowed the realization of 2D patterns or required diverse additives to produce 3D architectures. Herein, a 3D‐Printing approach for producing 3D microarchitectures composed entirely of Ti3C2Tx. Ti3C2Tx additive‐free aqueous ink consists of 0.1 wt.% Ti3C2Tx nanosheets is proposed. The diameter (ds) of the printed Ti3C2Tx 3D microarchitectures can be determined by controlling the meniscus channel size, which is influenced by the diameter (dp) of the micropipette opening and pipette‐pulling rate (v). Through optimized control of the pipette, a minimum ds of 1.3 µm is obtained, and complex shapes such as zigzag, helix, bridge, and pyramid shapes can be implemented. To demonstrate the feasibility of realizing functional Ti3C2Tx 3D components, three electrical components are demonstrated: 3D micro‐interconnects and 3D transducers for photodetectors and humidity sensors. It is believed that this facile approach can be used for nano 3D‐Printing as well as micro printing of Ti3C2Tx architectures.
Fine‐Tuning Intra/Inter‐Molecular Interaction via Ternary Copolymerization Strategy to Obtain Efficient Polymer Donors
Authors: Li Liqing , Que Mingming , Fang Yu , Wang Xiaoping , Yue Yaru , Jeong Sang‐Young , Woo Han Young , Chen Shanshan , Liu Jinbiao , Huang Bin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIncorporating a third component through ternary copolymerization strategy has proven to be a promising and effective approach for further improving the device performance of polymer donors. However, terpolymer donors typically exhibit negative effects on molecular stacking and weaken charge transport due to the irregular distribution of the polymer skeleton. Herein, two terpolymers PBBQ‐5 (5% ff‐Qx) and PBBQ‐10 (10% ff‐Qx) are developed by introducing the difluoro‐2‐(3‐hexyldecyloxy) quinoxaline (ff‐Qx) to the main chain of PM6. The introduction of ff‐Qx unit not only enables the terpolymers to possess N···S noncovalent intramolecular interactions that contribute to enlarge molecular planarity and enhance intramolecular interaction but also can fine‐tuning electrostatic potential (ESP) values of the related polymers, thereby regulate intermolecular interactions with acceptor by electrostatic force. After blending with L8‐BO, the PBBQ‐5:L8‐BO‐based blend film exhibits appreciated miscibility, desirable phase separation sizes, and more ordered molecular packing than the analogs. Consequently, an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) as high as 19.54% is realized in PBBQ‐5‐based devices, which set a new record for Qx‐based polymer solar cells. The work emphasizes the drawbacks of terpolymers and provides a new pathway for developing high‐performance polymer donors by optimizing intra/inter‐molecular interaction.
Formation and Evolution of the Solid Electrolyte Interphase on Silicon Electrodes from Fluorine‐Free Electrolytes
Authors: Lu Zijie , Patranika Tamara , Naylor Andrew J. , Mindemark Jonas , Tardif Samuel , Hernández Guiomar , Lyonnard Sandrine 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWith the increasing attention to energy storage solutions, a growing emphasis has been placed on environmentally compatible electrolytes tailored for lithium‐ion batteries. This study investigates the surface behavior of Si wafers as model systems cycled with a fluorine‐free electrolyte based on lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB), with and without the additive vinylene carbonate (VC). By utilizing operando X‐ray reflectivity (XRR) and ex situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the intricate processes involved in solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation is elucidated, SiO2/Si (de)lithiation, and the impact of the VC additive. Three distinct stages in SEI evolution during lithiation and delithiation are identified: SEI formation, subsequent densification and growth, and decrease in SEI thickness during delithiation, which collectively demonstrate the breathing behavior of the SEI during cycling. The addition of VC is found to mitigate LiBOB decomposition during cycling and promote a smoother SEI layer. Moreover, lithium trapping within the Si wafer post‐delithiation is observed for both electrolytes but to a lesser extent with the addition of VC. This study offers structural and chemical insights into the fundamental processes governing SEI formation and Si wafer (de)lithiation in LiBOB‐based electrolytes, with implications for designing environmentally friendly lithium‐ion batteries.