bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant chemohormonal therapy combined with laparoscopic radical prostatectomy in high-risk Prostate Cancer
Authors: Zhang Peng , Cai Shengyong , Yan Chengquan , Li Lin 
Published: September 2022

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant chemohormonal therapy (NCHT) combined with laparoscopic radical prostatectomy in high-risk prostate cancer (PCa).
Methods: A randomized controlled trial was used in this study. Eighty patients with high-risk PCa treated in Tangshan Gongren Hospital from January 2017 to January 2019 were selected and randomly divided into two groups. The control group was given neoadjuvant endocrine therapy, while the research group was added NCHT to the control group. Three months later, the patients of two groups underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. The changes of surgical indicators, adverse drug reactions, incidence of lower urinary tract symptoms, biochemical recurrence rate after follow-up, PSA progression-free survival and incidence of surgical complications were compared between the two groups.
Results: After NCHT, the PSA level and prostate volume in the research group decreased significantly than those in the control group (P = 0.00). Surgical duration, postoperative hospital stay and retention time of drainage tube were significantly shorter and intraoperative blood loss was significantly less in the research group than those in the control group (P = 0.00). The incidence of lower urinary tract symptoms, biochemical recurrence and surgical complications in the research group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the early recovery rate of urinary control and progression-free survival were significantly better than those in the control group (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: NCHT combined with laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is a safe and effective treatment for high-risk PCa, which is worthy of promotion in clinical practice.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5469
How to cite this:Zhang P, Cai S, Yan C, Li L. Clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant chemohormonal therapy combined with laparoscopic radical prostatectomy in high-risk Prostate Cancer. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(8):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5469
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Records of antibodies in breast milk in postpartum women who have been vaccinated or exposed to COVID-19: A systematic review
Authors: Mardiyan Kurniawati Eighty , Rahmawati Nur Anisah 
Published: September 2022

Background: Breast milk is a critical element in developing a baby's immunity through immune transfer. Antibodies are an essential unit of immunity against infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This paper explores antibodies in breast milk in postpartum women who have been vaccinated or exposed to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Duration of antibody appearance was studied to determine the adequate time in transferring antibodies by breastfeeding. Methods: Three databases, PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, were used as sources of articles. Inclusion criteria applied in selecting articles were prospective observational study or experimental design study in English, evaluating antibodies in breast milk, and conducted between 2019–2021. Article quality and risk of bias were assessed with Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). The data found were synthesized in a narrative manner. Results: This systematic review included 20 articles. A total of 306 postpartum women who were infected with COVID-19, 20 postpartum women who had viral symptoms and 495 postpartum women who had been vaccinated were studied. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies were found in the breast milk of infected and vaccinated postpartum women. SARS CoV-2 infection is associated with the presence of IgA dominant, whereas vaccination is related to the presence of IgG dominant. Antibodies persisted from day 10 of onset to 10 months in infected postpartum women and started from three days to six weeks in vaccinated postpartum women. Meta-analysis could not be carried out due to the variety of articles. Conclusions: Antibodies found in breast milk in infected and vaccinated postpartum women have different dominant types. Further research needs to be done regarding the mechanism of antibody transfer in breast milk, longer research duration and studies that directly examine the comparison of antibodies in breast milk in vaccinated and infected postpartum women. Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42022340859, 23 June 2022).
Case Report: Focal leptomeningeal disease, atypical cancer of unknown primary site
Authors: Vences Miguel A. , Araujo-Chumacero Mary M. , Urrunaga-Pastor Diego , Barreto Leila , Rodríguez-Kadota Liliana , Barreto-Acevedo Elliot , Saavedra-Rocha César , Quispe-Huamaní Elder V. 
Published: September 2022

Background: Leptomeningeal metastasis is an infrequent form of cancer expression, and it has a poor prognosis due to its torpid evolution and its challenging diagnosis. Case report: We report the case of a 68-year-old woman with rapidly progressing cognitive decline and focal epilepsy. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed extensive gyriform hypersignal in the right precentral sulcus region, without mass effect, tenuous contrast uptake, and hydrocephalus with transependymal edema. The body tomographic study was negative for solid cancer and the 18F-FDG PET-CT revealed a severe hypermetabolism in the right lung upper lobe. These findings were suggestive of lung cancer with leptomeningeal metastasis. We performed a brain biopsy, finding atypical cells in the leptomeningeal region with positive immunohistochemical staining for CK7 and negative for CK20 corresponding to lung adenocarcinoma. The patient was evaluated in the oncology service and scheduled for radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Conclusions: Focal leptomeningeal disease is an entity that should be considered as a differential diagnosis in all cases of focal leptomeningitis. Timely diagnosis and adequate cancer management can increase patient survival.
ANALYSIS OF THE RESPONSIBILITY OF FREIGHT FORWARDERS IN A NUMBER OF CIS COUNTRIES
Authors: Poliak Miloš , Salamakhina Ekaterina S. 
Published: September 2022

This article raises the issue of the difference in the amount of the responsibility of freight forwarders in selected countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (hereinafter CIS). The purpose of this analysis is to determine and compare the amount of responsibility of freight forwarders in different countries. The collected information will be used in the future for the possibility of considering changes in the legislative norms governing international forwarding activities. The proposal to amend the legislative norms will contain the creation of uniform conditions for the responsibility of freight forwarders, regardless of which state the entrepreneur providing forwarding services is registered in, which will simplify the process of organizing the transportation of goods. The article presents the results of the analysis of the responsibility of freight forwarders in selected countries of the European Union (hereinafter the EU), which were identified in the framework of earlier studies. Further, the conditions of responsibility of freight forwarders in CIS countries were analyzed, which were established in accordance with the legislative norms regulating the freight forwarding process. Among other things, national associations of freight forwarders were identified and differences in the responsibilities of freight forwarders in freight forwarding contracts offered by these organizations were determined. Based on the results of the analysis, a comparison of the data obtained was carried out, which can be used for further, more in-depth study of the chosen topic.
Purpose. To analyze the responsibility of freight forwarders in selected CIS countries.
Methodology the article used a comparative legal method of analysis.
Results: the results of the analysis of the responsibility of freight forwarders in selected CIS countries have been obtained, which will be the basis for further creation of joint solutions to combine the conditions for carrying out forwarding activities in various countries.
Practical implications the obtained results should be applied by economic entities engaged in international forwarding activities.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE PROCESS OF CHANGING THE AMPLITUDE-FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CAR SUSPENSION IN VIBRATION MODE WHEN THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF THE SILENT BLOCKS CHANGES
Authors: Baradiev Viсtor S. 
Published: September 2022

This article discusses the analytical study of the influence of the parameter of the technical condition of the suspension silent blocks on the amplitude-frequency response of the car springing system. The process of changing the magnitude of the oscillation amplitude and the displacement of the resonant frequency in the vibration mode is investigated. The regularities of the influence of the coefficient of residual damping of suspension silent blocks on the amplitude of fluctuations of the normal load on the wheels of the car during tests on vibration stands are revealed.
Purpose – theoretical substantiation of the influence of the technical condition of the suspension silent block in terms of the power parameter on the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the car suspension system.
Method or methodology for conducting work: in this article, when performing calculations, numerical methods for solving differential equations were used, as well as methods of mathematical modeling.
Results: a mathematical model has been developed that is used for the analytical study of the influence of the technical state parameter of silent blocks on the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the suspension system.
Practical implications: the obtained results can be used by manufacturers of vibration stands based on the EUSAMA method, organizations working in the field of developing methods and tools for diagnosing a car suspension, and also used to calculate the parameters of functioning of car suspension systems in stationary harmonic modes.
RESEARCH OF DEFORMATION AND DESTRUCTION OF CAR ELEMENTS UNDER EXTREME CONDITIONS
Authors: Kiyashko Larisa A. , Ksenofontova Victoria A. 
Published: September 2022

The article is devoted to the improvement of the methodology for the examination of the operation the vehicles in extreme conditions that occur during road traffic accidents (RTA). Of great interest in the field of road safety are the tasks of determining the causes of RTA and the conditions under which they occur. There are computer systems that allow modeling the processes of interaction automobile vehicles with obstacles and among themselves during an accident. These developments based on various mathematical models of the car collision process. The most reliable and promising are systems that based on methods for analyzing plastic deformations and destruction of car structural elements during an accident. The basis of these methods is the law of conservation energy or the model of the transition of the kinetic energy of a moving vehicle into the potential energy of a structure deformed after an accident. This process described with the help of the parameter – the energy equivalent of the speed. The analysis of the object is study – automobile body structures carried out. They classified as thin-walled shell structures that are easily plastically deformed. The available methods for solving the problems of analysis the elastic-plastic deformations in such structures do not allow providing the high accuracy of the solution necessary for the examination of the RTA.
Purpose – improvement of the methodology for conducting an autotechnical examination of an accident.
Methodology: solution of inverse problems of continuum mechanics.
Results: a variant of the finite element representation of the design and a method of the variational approach to determining the energy criteria of the process under study were developed. It provides the greatest accuracy in solving the tasks.
Practical implications: it is expedient to apply the obtained results when carrying out an autotechnical examination of an accident.
ROBUST FORECASTING OF TRAFFIC FLOW INTENSITY
Authors: Vlasov Alexey A. 
Published: September 2022

Accurate and timely information about current and forecast parameters of traffic flows is an important condition for the functioning of intelligent transport systems. The use of high-quality data will make it possible to solve the problem of adaptive traffic flow management more effectively, reduce travel time, improve the accuracy of travel route planning, and generally improve the efficiency of using transport infrastructure.
This article presents studies of the impact of traffic light objects on the registration of traffic flow parameters by transport detectors. It is established that the location of the control zone of transport detectors within the area of the formation of the queue of vehicles leads to artificial noise of the collected data. The use of robust forecast of transport flow parameters in solving problems of adaptive traffic flow management is justified.
The solution of the problem of robust traffic intensity prediction using the LightGBM model based on the gradient boosting algorithm is shown. The feature space of the model included the traffic intensity log, the date and time of the data received, the weekend features, and the lane group ID. The robustness of the forecast is ensured by using the smoothed time series model error function using the LOWESS method, when applying the original, non-smoothed time series to the model input.
The model trained on real data has properties of robustness of the traffic intensity forecast, provided filtering of stochastic fluctuations and outliers of the measured ones. At the same time, it distinguishes the features of the daily profiles for working and weekend days in all groups of bands, the forecast delay was observed only if there was a significant deviation of the observed intensity from the daily trend.
All-optical design for multiplexer and comparator utilizing hybrid plasmonic waveguides
Authors: Abdulwahid Saif H. , Wadday Ahmed Ghanim , Abdul Sattar Sinan M. 
Published: September 2022

Two optical combinational logic circuits, namely a

2

×

1

multiplexer and a comparator utilized by hybrid plasmonic waveguides, have been designed, analyzed, and simulated standing on the finite element method (FEM) with a COMSOL software package version 5.5. Transmission at the output port versus a wavelength range from 800 to 2000 nm, the contrast ratio, the modulation depth, and the insertion loss are the aspects used to estimate the circuits’ functionality. The realization of these circuits was based on the fundamentals of the constructive and destructive interferences among the input and the biasing ports. The multiplexer circuits require a single substructure with a measurement of

400

×

400

n
m

and delivers the best transmission of 202.3% and 99.75% as a modulation depth, while the comparator performed by three substructures with a

1300

×

400

n
m

overall size offers a 202.6% as the best transmission and 99.99% modulation depth in the Equality situation. The operating wavelength and the magnitude of the transmission threshold are 1310 nm and 0.3, respectively.
Multispectral near-infrared imaging for wetness estimation
Authors: Maeda Yoshihiro , Tsukimura Goki , Sugimura Daisuke , Hamamoto Takayuki 
Published: September 2022

Estimation of the wetness of objects is an important technique for recognizing states in the real world. In this paper, we propose a non-contact method for estimating the wetness of objects using multispectral near-infrared (NIR) imaging. In contrast with a previous method that requires hyperspectral (110-band) images taken with fine spectral resolution (5 nm intervals) to estimate the degree of wetness, our method enables accurate wetness estimation using few-band NIR images with coarse spectral resolution (40 nm intervals). In general, water absorbs a substantial amount of incident light at wavelengths around 1000 nm and a smaller amount at wavelengths around 900 nm. This phenomenon indicates that the light absorption coefficient of water particularly varies over the NIR spectral band. These differences in the light absorption coefficients of water in the NIR bands are exploited in the model we derived for the appearance of a wet object surface, facilitating accurate wetness estimation. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated experimentally.
Childhood body mass index trajectories and associations with adult-onset chronic kidney disease in Denmark: A population-based cohort study
Authors: Aarestrup Julie , Blond Kim , Vistisen Dorte , Jørgensen Marit E. , Frimodt-Møller Marie , Jensen Britt W. , Baker Jennifer L. 
Published: September 2022

Background
Although excess adult adiposity is a strong risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD), evidence for associations with early life body size is limited. We investigated whether childhood body mass index (BMI) trajectories are associated with adult-onset CKD and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) using a population-based cohort. Further, we examined the role of adult-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) in these associations.

Methods and findings
We included 151,506 boys and 148,590 girls from the Copenhagen School Health Records Register, born 1930 to 1987 with information on measured weights and heights at ages 6 to 15 years. Five sex-specific childhood BMI trajectories were analyzed. Information on the main outcomes CKD and ESKD, as well as T2D, came from national health registers. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Poisson regression adjusted for year of birth. During a median of 30.8 person-years of follow-up, 5,968 men and 3,903 women developed CKD and 977 men and 543 women developed ESKD. For both sexes, the rates of CKD and ESKD increased significantly with higher child BMI trajectories in comparison with the average BMI trajectory (40% to 43% of individuals) and the below-average BMI trajectory (21% to 23% of individuals) had the lowest rates. When including T2D, most associations were significant and men (IRR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.13 to 1.72) and women (IRR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.28 to 1.86) with the obese childhood BMI trajectory (2% of individuals) had significantly higher CKD rates than the average BMI trajectory, whereas for ESKD, the associations were positive, but nonsignificant, for men (IRR = 1.38, 95% CI: 0.83 to 2.31) but significant for women (IRR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.25 to 3.11) with the obese BMI trajectory. A main study limitation is the use of only hospital-based CKD diagnoses.

Conclusions
Individuals with childhood BMI trajectories above average had higher rates of CKD and ESKD than those with an average childhood BMI trajectory. When including T2D, most associations were significant, particularly with CKD, emphasizing the potential information that the early appearance of above-average BMI growth patterns provide in relation to adult-onset CKD beyond the information provided by T2D development.
Perceived manageability of debt and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A UK population analysis
Authors: Shevlin Mark , Redican Enya , Hyland Philip , Butter Sarah , McBride Orla , Hartman Todd K. , Murphy Jamie , Vallières Frédérique , Bentall Richard P. 
Published: September 2022

Objectives
This study examined the association between perceived manageability of debt and risk of depression, anxiety, and mental health help-seeking among a nationally representative sample of adults living in the United Kingdom (UK).

Methods
Data was derived from the COVID-19 Psychological Research Consortium (C19PRC) Study Wave 6 (August/September 2021) which examined the psychological, social, and economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the UK adult population. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between different levels of perceived debt manageability (i.e., “easily manageable”, “some problems”, “quite serious problems”, “very serious problems”, “cannot manage at all”) and mental health related outcomes.

Results
Almost a quarter of the sample (24%, n = 494) reported debt management problems, and debt manageability associated with higher levels of anxiety, depression, and mental health help-seeking. After adjusting for demographic variables (e.g. income, receipt of benefits), logistic regression analysis demonstrated a dose-response association between increasing levels of debt manageability problems and mental health outcomes. Specifically, adjusted odds ratios for anxiety ranged from 2.28 (‘some problems’) to 11.18 (‘very serious problems’), for depression ranged from 2.80 (‘some problems’) to 16.21 (‘cannot manage at all’), and for mental health help-seeking ranged from 1.69 (‘some problems’) to 3.18 (‘quite serious problems’, ‘very serious problems’).

Conclusion
This study highlights that debt manageability problems represent a robust predictor of depression, anxiety, and mental-health help seeking.