bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A neural‐related gene risk score for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Tao Zhuo‐ying , Yang Wei‐fa , Zhu Wang‐yong , Wang Lei‐lei , Li Kar Yan , Guan Xin‐yuan , Su Yu‐xiong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to establish a neural‐related gene risk score (NRGRS) for the prediction of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma prognosis and explore its predictive value on the benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.MethodsBased on the transcriptome data of HNSCC patients (n = 546) from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, 37 neural‐related hub genes were identified by weighted gene co‐expression network analysis. Four genes (ITGA5, PYGM, GNG7 and ATP2A3) were identified to construct NRGRS using Lasso‐Cox regression method based on the derivation cohort and validated in the Gene Expression Omnibus cohort (n = 109). The survival analysis was performed to validate the prognostic value of NRGRS and immune characteristics in NRGRS‐defined subgroups were analyzed.ResultsNRGRS‐high patients had a worse overall survival than NRGRS‐low patients. Tumors with high NRGRS were more likely to have high infiltration of naive CD4+ T cells, M0, M2 macrophages and resting mast cells, which illustrated suppressive immunity and less benefit from immunotherapy therapy.ConclusionNRGRS strongly correlates with survival and is a promising biomarker to predict immunotherapy benefits for head and neck cancer patients. This study provides evidence for the potential correlation between neural‐related transcriptome alteration and immune activity.
Market reforms and dynamic price discovery in imported natural gas markets in China
Authors: Wang Zuyi , Kim Man‐Keun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEmploying a time series approach, Vector Error Correction Model, we investigate the price discovery in imported natural gas, liquefied natural gas (LNG) and pipeline, markets in China. The liberalisation of domestic natural gas markets and China's pricing reforms have induced systematic structural breaks. The present study explores the dynamic interrelationship between imported LNG and pipeline gas prices. Empirical results show that, before the market reforms in 2014, two markets were not cointegrated implying that both prices move somewhat independently. Over the series of market reforms between 2014 and 2019, both markets have started moving together (cointegrated). From winter 2020, LNG price increased abruptly partly due to LNG supply capacities and both prices are not cointegrated. In addition, empirical results show that LNG market is leading the imported natural gas markets in China and pipeline market is the major price adjuster, that is, a lagging market.
U.S. Citizen Children De Facto Deported to Mexico
Authors: Hamilton Erin R. , Masferrer Claudia , Langer Paola 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBetween 2000 and 2015, the U.S. deported unprecedented numbers of Mexican immigrants. During the same period, the population of U.S.‐born children living in Mexico doubled in size. This study estimates the number of U.S.‐born children who emigrated to Mexico from the United States in order to accompany a deported parent: de facto deported children. The data come from the Mexican National Survey of Demographic Dynamics (ENADID), a national probability sample of households in Mexico collected in 2014 and 2018. About one in six U.S.‐born children living in Mexico in 2014/2018, amounting to an estimated 80,000–100,000 U.S.‐born children, were there because the U.S. government deported one or both of their parents. De facto deported U.S.‐born children are socioeconomically disadvantaged in Mexico compared to U.S.‐born children whose parents migrate to Mexico for other reasons. Women are overrepresented among deported people who bring their U.S.‐born children to Mexico, and when deported mothers bring their children, they are far less likely to do so with a partner than are deported fathers. U.S. policy should consider the interests of U.S. citizen children forced to live abroad when redesigning immigration and child welfare policies.
Contrast‐enhanced voiding urosonography (CEVUS) as a safe alternate means of assessing vesicoureteral reflux in pediatric kidney transplant patients
Authors: Cheng Julie W. , Fernandez Nicolas , Kim Helen H. R. , Tang Elizabeth R. , Ferguson Mark , Nicassio Lauren N. , Dick André A. S. , Smith Jodi M. , Cain Mark P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) is currently the gold standard in VUR evaluation, there is ionizing radiation exposure. Contrast‐enhanced voiding urosonography (CEVUS) uses ultrasound contrast agents to visualize the urinary tract and has been reported to be safe and effective in VUR evaluation in children. CEVUS application has yet to be specifically described in VUR evaluation in the pediatric kidney transplant population. The purpose of this study was to report the use of CEVUS and VCUG in evaluating and managing VUR in pediatric renal transplant patients.MethodsRetrospective review was conducted for pediatric kidney transplant patients (18 years and younger) who underwent VCUG or CEVUS to assess for transplant VUR from July 2019 through June 2021. Demographic information, reason for VUR evaluation, fluoroscopy time, and postimaging complications were evaluated. Costs of imaging modalities were also considered.ResultsEight patients were evaluated for transplant VUR during the study period. Of the 3 patients who underwent VCUG, all 3 had VUR (median grade 3). Median fluoroscopy time was 18 s and dose‐area product was 18.7 uGy*m2. Of the 5 patients who underwent CEVUS, 4 had VUR (median grade 4).There were no complications for either modality. Based on clinical and radiographic findings, patients were recommended no intervention, behavioral modification, or ureteral reimplantation. The total cost of CEVUS was $800 less than that of VCUG.ConclusionCEVUS can provide an alternate means of safely evaluating VUR in kidney transplant patients with similar outcomes, potentially lower costs, and no exposure to ionizing radiation.
Familiar properties and phenomenal properties
Authors: Raleigh Thomas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSometimes when we describe our own sensory experiences, we seem to attribute to experience itself the same sorts of familiar properties—such as shape or colour—as we attribute to everyday physical objects. But how literally should we understand such descriptions? Can there really be phenomenal elements or aspects to an experience which are, for example quite literally square? This paper examines how these questions connect to a wide range of different commitments and theories about the metaphysics of mind. In particular, I consider whether there may be phenomenological reasons to accept or reject the idea that there are elements or aspects of conscious experience itself which instantiate familiar spatial properties. I also explore how some general theses about the nature of empirical properties can motivate different answers to these questions.
Leaf pigments and photosystems stoichiometry underpin photosynthetic efficiency of related C3, C–C4 and C4 grasses under shade
Authors: Sagun Julius Ver , Chow Wah Soon , Ghannoum Oula 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe quantum yield of photosynthesis (QY, CO2 fixed per light absorbed) depends on the efficiency of light absorption, the coupling between light absorption and electron transport, and the coupling between electron transport and carbon metabolism. QY is generally lower in C3 relative to C4 plants at warm temperatures and differs among the C4 subtypes. We investigated the acclimation to shade of light absorption and electron transport in six representative grasses with C3, C3–C4 and C4 photosynthesis. Plants were grown under full (control) or 25% (shade) sunlight. We measured the in vivo activity and stoichiometry of PSI and PSII, leaf spectral properties and pigment contents, and photosynthetic enzyme activities. Under control growth‐light conditions, C4 species had higher CO2 assimilation rates, which declined to a greater extent relative to the C3 species. Whole leaf PSII/PSI ratios were highest in the C3 species, while QY and cyclic electron flow (CEF) were highest in the C4, NADP‐ME species. Shade significantly reduced leaf PSII/PSI, linear electron flow (LEF) and CEF of most species. Overall, shade reduced leaf absorptance, especially in the green region, as well as carotenoid and chlorophyll contents in C4 more than non‐C4 species. The NAD‐ME species underwent the greatest reduction in leaf absorptance and pigments under shade. In conclusion, shade compromised QY the least in the C3 and the most in the C4‐NAD‐ME species. Different sensitivity to shade was associated with the ability to maintain leaf absorptance and pigments. This is important for maximising light absorption and minimising photoprotection under low light.
Genome‐wide association study reveals structural chromosome variations with phenotypic effects in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Zhao Jiajia , Zheng Xingwei , Qiao Ling , Yang Chenkang , Wu Bangbang , He Ziming , Tang Yuqing , Li Guangrong , Yang Zujun , Zheng Jun , Qi Zengjun 
Published: November 2022

SUMMARYStructural chromosome variations (SCVs) are large‐scale genomic variations that can be detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). SCVs have played important roles in the genome evolution of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), but little is known about their genetic effects. In this study, a total of 543 wheat accessions from the Chinese wheat mini‐core collection and the Shanxi Province wheat collection were used for chromosome analysis using oligonucleotide probe multiplex FISH. A total of 139 SCVs including translocations, pericentric inversions, presence/absence variations (PAVs), and copy number variations (CNVs) in heterochromatin were identified at 230 loci. The distribution frequency of SCVs varied between ecological regions and between landraces and modern cultivars. Structural analysis using SCVs as markers clearly divided the landraces and modern cultivars into different groups. There are very clear instances illustrating alien introgression and wide application of foreign germplasms improved the chromosome diversity of Chinese modern wheat cultivars. A genome‐wide association study (GWAS) identified 29 SCVs associated with 12 phenotypic traits, and five (RT4AS•4AL‐1DS/1DL•1DS‐4AL, Mg2A‐3, Mr3B‐10, Mr7B‐13, and Mr4A‐7) of them were further validated using a doubled haploid population and advanced sib‐lines, implying the potential value of these SCVs. Importantly, the number of favored SCVs that were associated with agronomic trait improvement was significantly higher in modern cultivars compared to landraces, indicating positive selection in wheat breeding. This study demonstrates the significant effects of SCVs during wheat breeding and provides an efficient method of mining favored SCVs in wheat and other crops.
Comparison of allocation strategies of convalescent plasma to reduce excess infections and mortality from SARS‐CoV‐2 in a US‐like population
Authors: Kostandova Natalya , Drabo Emmanuel Fulgence , Yenokyan Karine , Wesolowski Amy , Truelove Shaun , Bloch Evan M. , Tobian Aaron A. R. , Vassallo Ralph R. , Bravo Marjorie D. , Casadevall Arturo , Lessler Justin , Lau Bryan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhile the use of convalescent plasma (CP) in the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic has been inconsistent, CP has the potential to reduce excess morbidity and mortality in future pandemics. Given constraints on CP supply, decisions surrounding the allocation of CP must be made.Study Design and MethodsUsing a discrete‐time stochastic compartmental model, we simulated implementation of four potential allocation strategies: administering CP to individuals in early hospitalization with COVID‐19; administering CP to individuals in outpatient settings; administering CP to hospitalized individuals and administering any remaining CP to outpatient individuals and administering CP in both settings while prioritizing outpatient individuals. We examined the final size of SARS‐CoV‐2 infections, peak and cumulative hospitalizations, and cumulative deaths under each of the allocation scenarios over a 180‐day period. We compared the cost per weighted health benefit under each strategy.ResultsPrioritizing administration to patients in early hospitalization, with remaining plasma administered in outpatient settings, resulted in the highest reduction in mortality, averting on average 15% more COVID‐19 deaths than administering to hospitalized individuals alone (95% CI [11%–18%]). Prioritizing administration to outpatients, with remaining plasma administered to hospitalized individuals, had the highest percentage of hospitalizations averted (22% [21%–23%] higher than administering to hospitalized individuals alone).DiscussionConvalescent plasma allocation strategy should be determined by the relative priority of averting deaths, infections, or hospitalizations. Under conditions considered, mixed allocation strategies (allocating CP to both outpatient and hospitalized individuals) resulted in a larger percentage of infections and deaths averted than administering CP in a single setting.
Accelerated Deterministic Phonon Transport With Consistent Material Temperature and Intensities
Authors: Whitman Nicholas H. , Palmer Todd S. , Anistratov Dmitriy Y. , Greaney P. Alex 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We present a method for deterministically solving the frequency and temperature dependent phonon radiative transport (PRT) equation in the single-mode relaxation time (SMRT) approximation in the self-adjoint angular flux (SAAF) form. To handle the nonlinear coupling between the phonon intensities and the material temperature, we apply a linearization approach that is similar to one in thermal radiative transport. This procedure leads to the PRT equation with pseudo-scattering. The method presented includes acceleration of both the inner pseudo-scattering source iterations and outer temperature iteration with a gray diffusion synthetic acceleration (DSA) and Anderson acceleration, respectively. We use the finite-element method to discretize the PRT equation in space and the method of discrete ordinates (SN) for angular discretization. The proposed method is verified by a gray method of manufactured solutions problem and demonstrated on a problem using temperature and direction dependent multigroup data from lithium aluminate (LiAlO2). The iterative performance of the acceleration method in each test is then compared to the unaccelerated method.
Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of a Plate-Fin Water Intercooler Equipped in a Boosted Diesel Engine
Authors: Duong C. Q. , Pham P. X. , Luong T. D. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Intercoolers utilized in turbocharged engines are critically essential to efficiently improve the engine volumetric efficiency and therefore the engine specific power. Although boosting the internal combustion engines has been extensively investigated, further studies are required to provide relevant approaches to optimize the heat transfer coefficient. This paper experimentally and theoretically investigates the influence of inlet coolant velocity on heat transfer characteristics of an air-to-water intercooler equipped in a turbocharged diesel engine. This aims to optimize the heat transfer rate from water to air under typical engine operating conditions. The experiment has been conducted using a fully equipped engine testbed. The engine is turbocharged with a plate-fin intercooler. The intercooler is a perpendicular air–water heat transfer system that could be suitable for boosted marine engines or power generators. A simulation model was also developed using the finite volume model in the ansysfluent package. The distributions of inlet and outlet temperature, pressure, and velocity of air and coolant under various inlet water velocity and engine operating conditions are examined. The optimal heat transfer rate from air to water was achieved for this intercooler. The outlet air temperature after the intercooler decreases by about 10 °C, engine thermal efficiency increases by 0.7% approximately, engine power enhances by 2.5%, and the specific fuel consumption decreases by 0.82%. The CFD simulation and experiment model developed in this study for the plate-fin water intercooler could be a useful approach to optimize other intercooler systems. In this study, with a 270 × 270 × 10 mm plate-fin perpendicular air–water intercooler, an optimal cooling water velocity of 1.0 m/s, corresponding with a flowrate of 1780 liter/hr, is achieved.
Rheological Characterization of High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Oxide—An Extensive Parametric Experimental Study
Authors: Ahmad Hafiz , Boutaous M'hamed , Xin Shihe , Pabiou Hervé , Siginer Dennis A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A comprehensive study of the rheological characterization of the aqueous solutions of polyethylene oxide (PEO) with molecular mass of 4 × 106, 5 × 106, and 8 × 106 g/mol, respectively, named (4 miDA), (5 miDA), and (8 miDA) was conducted. A large batch of samples of 4 miDA PEO with concentrations varying from 0.1% to 3%, representing the range of dilute solutions to very high viscous hydrated gels, were tested. Steady-state shear flow and oscillatory measurements are reported. Cross, Carreau, and Carreau–Yasuda models were used to describe the shear-thinning behavior within the shear rate range (0.001 ≤ γ˙ ≤ 3000 s−1). Experimental findings were validated with published results under the same operating conditions within specified shear rate ranges (0.1 ≤ γ˙ ≤ 100 s−1). We find that the behavior of PEO under shear is highly dependent on the rheometer, material, and operating procedures. Oscillatory measurements were carried out to determine the complex properties of the PEO solutions in the frequency ω and strain amplitude γ ranges of 0.01 ≤ ω ≤ 100 rad/s and 0.01 ≤ γ ≤ 1000%, respectively. Higher magnitudes of dynamic moduli (G/ and G//), zero (η0) and infinite (η∞) shear rate viscosities, resonant frequencies (ωres), linear viscoelastic regions (LVER), and higher relaxation time constants (λ) were observed with increasing concentration and molecular weight. The rheological response of the PEO polymeric solutions was further clarified via Lissajous curves. The aim of this work is to characterize the behavior of the 4 miDA PEO prior to its use in an experimental investigation of the secondary flows of viscoelastic fluids in noncircular channels.
Collapse Limit of Thermally Treated Line Pipe Under Combined External Pressure and Bending Deformation
Authors: Sakimoto Takahiro , Tajika Hisakazu , Handa Tsunehisa , Igi Satoshi , Kondo Joe 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study discusses the collapse criteria for thermally treated line pipe and their bending interaction against collapse based on a full-scale test under external pressure with and without bending loading. The critical collapse strain in the pressure bending test was much higher than that estimated by the DNV-ST-F101 standard because it was calculated based on estimating collapse pressures without bending interaction based on specified minimum yield stress (SMYS) of design pipe in the standard. However, the collapse pressures without bending interaction in full-scale test was significantly higher than that of the estimation according to DNV-ST-F101 standard. The effect of the thermal heat cycle simulated anti-corrosion coating heating on line pipe collapse criteria is also discussed based on the change of yield stress of pre-strained and thermally treated material. As the maximum heat cycle temperature increases, the reduction of the compressive yield stress along circumferential direction by the Baushinger effect due to UOE process (U: U-ing, cold forming from a plate; O: O-ing, cold forming from the U shape; E: cold expansion to meet geometric tolerances) becomes small. It is thought that a DNV equation for estimating the critical bending strain to collapse will provide a more accurate estimation of the critical collapse pressure and strain for thermally treated line pipe when the collapse pressure is calculated considering the change of strength parameters due to the tensile pre-strain level and heat cycle temperature.
Dynamic Sensitivities to Fractal Machine Noises in a Mechanical Face Seal
Authors: Green Itzhak 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Mechanical face seals are wide spread in many applications of powered equipment and turbomachinery. Often machine vibration and noise are unavoidable because of changing conditions which can be persistent and forceful. In critical applications when seals fail, they may have significant or even catastrophic consequences. To ensure the safety of such machinery and its associated mechanical components, machine vibration and noise must be diagnosed and quantified to keep the system’s response within certain limits. This work focuses on the dynamics of a flexibly mounted stator mechanical face seal that is subjected to combinations of broad-band noisy vibrations of the shaft and the housing. In all previous work, the positions of the housing and the shaft have been considered fixed. The current work relaxes that condition, augmenting the equations of motion to incorporate equipment’s noisy vibrations. Noises are expediently produced by the Weierstrass–Mandelbrot (WM) fractal function. A numerical simulation ensues, and the time-domain responses are subject to spectral analyses. Results show that under some design conditions, the seal is largely insensitive to machine vibrations. However, under other conditions, the seal response to exterior machine noise exhibits a rich spectral content that stems from various transient phenomena that include intensified half-frequency whirl, near synchronous response at steady-state, and super-synchronous higher harmonic oscillations caused by face contact.
A Review of State-of-the-Art on Enabling Additive Manufacturing Processes for Precision Medicine
Authors: Awad Atheer , Goyanes Alvaro , Basit Abdul W. , Zidan Ahmed S. , Xu Changxue , Li Wei , Narayan Roger J. , Chen Roland K. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Precision medicine is an emerging healthcare delivery approach that considers variability between patients, such as genetic makeups, in contrast to the current one-size-fits-all approach that is designed to treat the average patient. The White House launched the Precision Medicine Initiative in 2015, starting an endeavor to reshape healthcare delivery. To translate the concept of precision medicine from the bench to practice, advanced manufacturing will play an integral part, including the fabrication of personalized drugs and drug delivery devices and drug screening platforms. These products are highly customized and require robust yet flexible manufacturing systems. The advanced manufacturing field has rapidly evolved in the past five years. In this state-of-the-art review, products manufactured for precision medicine will be introduced, followed by a brief review of processing materials and their characteristics. A review on different manufacturing processes applicable to those aforementioned products is provided. The current status of the development of regulatory submission and quality control considerations are also discussed. Finally, this paper presents a future outlook on manufacturing processes used for precision medicine.