bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TEACHING KAZAKH IN TECHNICAL UNIVERSITIES// International Journal of Educational and Scientific Research 1(14), 2022/ Chief Editor D. Sidorkin /OEAPS OU - Tallinn, Estonia (Open European Academy of Public Sciences). Marseille, France 30.04.2022: OEAPS OU., 2022 - P. 57-62.
Authors: Arystangalieva Dinara Mirzhanovna , Erzhanova Zhanna Borisovna 
Published: June 2022

This article discusses the basic principles of teaching foreign-language students professional communication in the Kazakh language. When carrying out work related to the formation of professionally oriented speech skills, it is assumed to develop such abilities as observation, development of thinking, comparison, analysis, collection, generalization, concretization of objects and phenomena. On their basis, it is necessary to teach students to make independent scientific conclusions. The authors also consider the problems of professionally oriented teaching of the Kazakh language to students of the specialty “Pedagogy and Psychology” in higher educational institutions. An effective methodological system of training in this specialty “Pedagogy and Psychology” is presented. In the 21st century, many people are wondering how to learn the Kazakh language. Someone needs it for work, someone - for study, and still others learn it, because it is their native language. There are many reasons, but one goal. On the other hand, there is often a need to learn a language by a certain time (for motivation or for a real deadline) and the question arises of how to quickly master it.
HOW EFFECTIVE IS AR IN EDUCATION?// International Journal of Educational and Scientific Research 1(14), 2022/ Chief Editor D. Sidorkin /OEAPS OU - Tallinn, Estonia (Open European Academy of Public Sciences). Marseille, France 30.04.2022: OEAPS OU., 2022 - P. 69-74.
Authors: Abdykadyrova Gulzhan Izbasarovna , Erzhanova Zhanna Borisovna 
Published: June 2022

It’s cool how much we can add to our experience of the world with modern tech! For example, augmented reality is one such innovative technology, allowing us to visually represent all kinds of 3D objects with no physical form. To learn more about it, you can read how augmented reality works. Modern AR apps are used for various purposes, from entertainment to enterprise applications, and their usefulness has prompted thousands of organizations to utilize augmented reality in education and training, while educational establishments implement AR in teaching classes.
WHAT IS BLENDED LEARNING?// International Journal of Educational and Scientific Research 1(14), 2022/ Chief Editor D. Sidorkin /OEAPS OU - Tallinn, Estonia (Open European Academy of Public Sciences). Marseille, France 30.04.2022: OEAPS OU., 2022 - P. 90-96.
Authors: Parkhatova Rano Mukhtarovna , Imramzieva Sahinat Dzhamaldinovna 
Published: June 2022

Blended learning is a learning format that involves the integration of different types of learning: for example, face-to-face training in classrooms, laboratories, and online learning, or self-study and online learning. Mixed learning is often referred to as hybrid learning. And in this regard, it is easy to compare it with a hybrid car, which has two engines: one classic internal combustion engine and the other electric. Each of them is enabled under different circumstances. This is very efficient and productive. Mixed learning allows you to organize a strong connection between the teacher and the student, the transfer of experience, and at the same time, each student, the student easily gets freedom for self-realization, can learn at the most comfortable pace and rhythm for him.
Study the Effects of Anadrol Overdose on Liver Function in Male Rats
Authors: Zigam Qassim A , Mohammed Zahraa Sami , Hossain Ahmed Obaid 
Published: June 2022

Anadrol (oxymetholone) is an active androgenic anabolic steroid that has been clinically studied in numerous diseases since the 1960s. It is used in the treatment of anemia and the replacement of male sex steroids. Unfortunately, in attempts to improve physical performance, Anadrol could be misused by athletes, that can lead to poisoning contributes to hepatotoxicity.
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of anadrol on the liver function in rat model, via assessment of liver enzymes and histopathological study.
A forty male rats, weights about (200-300 gm), aged 8-12 weeks, after acclimatization, the rats were ‎randomly divided into four groups (10 rats in each group) as follow: control group (in which all rats were administered normal saline (NS) via oral gavage), anadrol 10 mg/kg (Iran-Tehran Company) group (in which all rats were administered anadrol 10mg/kg via oral gavage), anadrol 20 mg/kg group (in which all rats were administered anadrol 20mg/kg via oral gavage), and anadrol 30 mg/kg group (in which all rats were administered anadrol 30mg/kg via oral gavage), the oral administration had continued for 8 weeks in single daily dose regimen. At the end of study liver function enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase & aspartate aminotransferase were measured via chemical analysis. Then histopathological study was done on the liver tissue in the four experimental groups.
Male rats that treated with anadrol displayed high level of liver enzymes, including as alanine aminotransferase & aspartate aminotransferase, as compared with control group. On the other hand, histopathological study exhibited significant injurious changes in the hepatic tissue in anadrol groups comparing with control.
When anadrol given in high doses results in hepatic injury, that can be cleared via elevated levels of hepatic enzymes and liver histopathological changes.
Adverse childhood experiences, military adversities, and adult health outcomes among female Veterans in the UK
Authors: Williamson Charlotte , Baumann Julia , Murphy Dominic 
Published: June 2022

LAY SUMMARY Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are highly stressful events or situations that occur in childhood and adolescence. Childhood adversities can lead to several negative outcomes in adulthood, including poor physical and mental health. Military populations often report a high number of childhood adversities. Research on ACEs that focuses specifically on female Veterans is lacking. The current study explored the relationships among ACEs, military adversities, and adult health outcomes in female army Veterans in the United Kingdom. In total, 750 female army Veterans completed an online survey containing questions about childhood experiences and military adversities, as well as physical and mental health in adulthood. A large percentage of female army Veterans reported at least one ACE, including emotional and physical abuse. Experience of childhood adversities was most strongly linked to experiencing symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in adulthood and experiences of emotional bullying, sexual harassment, and assault during military service.
Pilot testing for long-term impact of glycerol-induced acute kidney injury on oxalate homeostasis in rats
Authors: Stepanova Natalia , Tolstanova Ganna , Akulenko Iryna , Nepomnyashchyi Valentyn , Savchenko Svitlana , Zholos Alexander , Kolesnyk Mykola 
Published: June 2022

Abstract. There is a general lack of research on the long-term effects of acute kidney injury (AKI) on oxalate-degrading bacteria (ODB) and their total oxalate-degrading activity (ODA) in fecal microbiota. In the present pilot study, we separately evaluated the changes in the ODB number and their total ODA in fecal microbiota at 3-time points after glycerol-induced AKI. In addition, we assessed the interactions between AKI-induced renal histopathological changes and ODB, total fecal ODA, and plasma and urine oxalate concentrations in rats.
Methods. The male Wistar rats (200-300 g, n = 20) on oxalate-free diet were randomly divided into 2 groups. After 24-h of water deprivation, experimental group 1 (n = 10) received an intramuscular injection of 50% glycerol (10 ml/kg of body weight), and group 2 (n = 10) served as a control. The numbers of ODB (incubated in a highly selective Oxalate Medium and determined using the culture method), total fecal ODA and urinary oxalate (UOx) excretion were measured after injection on days 8, 22 and 70. The method of redoximetric titration with a KMnO4 solution was adopted to evaluate total ODA in fecal microbiota. Renal injury was assessed by histopathology examination, serum creatinine plasma oxalic acid (POx) concentration and daily proteinuria levels after removing the animals from the experiment on day 70.
Results. After glycerol injection on days 8 and 22, no differences were found in the numbers of ODB, their total fecal ODA, and UOx excretion level between the experimental and control groups. However, after AKI initiation on day 70, the numbers of ODB, total fecal ODA, and daily UOx excretion were significantly lower in the experimental group as compared with the control group. In addition, in 10 weeks following AKI, the number of ODB had a direct correlation with UOx excretion and an inverse correlation with POx and serum creatinine concentrations and daily proteinuria. Total ODA in fecal microbiota was directly associated with the percentage of renal interstitial fibrosis and the average glomerular volumes in the experimental rats.
Conclusions: AKI had long-term negative effects on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of ODB in fecal microbiota in rats. Moreover, the results of our study confirmed an increasing trend in total fecal ODA according to the aggravation of renal interstitial fibrosis and glomerular volume in rats’ kidneys. Further studies are warranted to gain more insight into the mechanism of oxalate homeostasis impairment in AKI.
COVID-19 and chronic kidney disease: peculiarities of treatment
Authors: Chernatska O. , Grek A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract. The present study aimed to characterize the management of patients with chronic kidney disease with concomitant COVID-19. Articles published in 2019-2021 in the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar electronic databases were analyzed.
As a result of this review, the following particularities of COVID-19 treatment in chronic kidney disease could be summarized. It is obligatory to continue treatment with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors in patients with chronic kidney disease and COVID-19. Lisinopril is considered used for avoiding the elevated renal expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. Spironolactone can prevent acute lung injuries and is reasonable if the triple combination of drugs for reducing blood pressure is not effective. Low-dose rosuvastatin therapy is recommended for patients with COVID-19 and chronic kidney disease stages 3-5 treated with antiretroviral drugs such as lopinavir and ritonavir, remdesivir. Ezetimibe is reasonable to use in case of ineffective higher doses of statins and to decrease hospitalization risk.
Catalysing Socio-Ecological Change: The Extraction and Processing of Edible Oils, 1910-1940
Authors: Veraart Frank 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This article argues that histories of global north and south are interconnected and inseparable parts of the same processes that shaped different environments. In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, systematic science-based commodification attributed economic and use values to natural resources. This changed western perceptions of natural environments. The commodification of plant and animal oils led to global entanglements of European production and consumption with resource extraction sites in Africa, Asia and the Antarctic. These historical accounts are often written in national frames or focused on one commodity. This article explores the global in ter- and cross linkages with and between extraction regions. The historical distribution of sustainability gains and costs was continuously negotiated through building these global supply chains. I trace socio-technical changes from 1910 to 1940, when West European margarine industries constructed the entangled global resource supply chains. This article scrutinises the contestation, tensions and outcomes, revealing the conflicting values, interests and differences in power relations between indigenous actors and the global system entanglers active in Congo, Indonesia and the Antarctic. My analysis highlights the social and ecological changes in the entangled regions, and sketches the global economic, social and ecological trade-offs of these developments.
الآثار الاجتماعية جراء تطبيق العقوبات البديلة في السياسة العقابية لدولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة
Authors: Al-Zaabi Omar Mohammed , Himat Makia Gomaa Ahmed 
Published: June 2022

تسعى هذه الدراسة لتدارك أثر تطبيق العقوبات البديلة في السياسة العقابية لدولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة كأحد أشكال السياسات العقابية الحديثة فقد تختلف السياسة العقابية من دولة لأخرى من حيث مدى تلائم العقوبات المقررة من قبل المشرع مع قيم وعادات المجتمع، ومدى تحقيق العقوبات للأمن والاستقرار ومدى احتياجها للتطوير حتى تتواكب مع التطور الاجتماعي والاقتصادي والديني.
وقد تمثلت مشكلة هذا البحث في ضرورة تسليط الضوء على الآثار الاجتماعية جراء تطبيق العقوبات البديلة والتي اتخذت العديد من الأشكال كالخدمة المجتمعية والمراقبة الإلكترونية من ناحية الآثار الإيجابية والسلبية.
وتكمن أهمية الدراسة في أن المؤسسات العقابية على الرغم من تطورها وتطبيقها لأحدث الأنظمة في الإصلاح والتأهيل إلا أنها لا تتواكب مع الكثير من العقوبات سالبة الحرية قصيرة المدة وقد أظهرت سلبياتها في النتيجة المحصلة جراء تطبيقها وبالتالي وجب تطبيق بدائل لتلك العقوبات حفاظاً على أسر المحكوم عليهم والمجتمع.
وقد أظهرت نتائج هذه الدراسة أن تطبيق العقوبات البديلة أثبت نجاحاً لا يستهان به على الرغم من عدم توافقها مع بعض الحالات لتحقيق الهدف من العقوبة في جانبي الردع الخاص والعام مثل معتادي الإجرام وأصحاب السوابق الجنائية.
ونوهت المقترحات والتوصيات بمحاولة تطبيق العقوبات البديلة على بعض العقوبات الأخرى سالبة الحرية طويلة المدة التي تحظى بحسن السير والسلوك ونقاء صحيفتهم الجنائية، أيضاً يجب تغليظ العقوبة في حال عدم الالتزام بتنفيذ العقوبات البديلة بهدف تقوية تفعيل الردع العام، من جانب آخر يجب النظر في آلية اختيار الشخصيات القابلة لتطبيق العقوبات البديلة بهدف تسهيل التطبيق من عدمه لمتخذي القرار.
Jurisprudential Analysis of Death Due to Electrocution
Authors: Akber Elias Bin , Haque Syed Md Tanjilul , Sultana Sharmin , Barua Ashim Kumar , Hossain Zakir , Jahan Israt 
Published: June 2022

Background: Minimum attention is given to electrocution deaths as we hardly come across these cases during autopsy. Electrocution has great impact on morbidity and mortality which can be prevented by public awareness and by adopting safety measures.
Methods: An autopsy-based retrospective study of three years conducted by history of the cases, inquest report and by doing meticulous autopsy of each of the cases at Dhaka Medical College Mortuary.
Results: We observed 139 electrocution deaths (1.03%) out of 13400 autopsies. Male victims i.e 123 (88.48%) outnumbered the females i.e in 16 cases (11.51%). The most affected age group was 21-30 years i.e 71 cases (51.07%) followed by 31-40 years in 38 cases (27.33%) and 41-50 years in 18 cases (12.94%). The most common places of electrocution were on the roadside i.e in 91 cases (65.46%) followed by the house in 48 cases (34.53%). High tension electric wires the commonest causative agent i.e in 78 cases (56.11%) followed by home appliances in 48 cases (34.53%) and water pump in 13 cases (9.35%). Regarding distribution of entry and corresponding exit wounds, we observed presence of both entry and exit wounds in 86 cases (61.87%) followed by no entry wounds in 29 cases (20.86%) and entry wounds in 24 cases (17.26%) Most of the entry wounds were present in the upper limbs i.e in 98 cases (70.50%) followed by head-neck in 16 cases (11.51%) and chest-abdomen in 15 cases (10.79%). Maximum exit wounds were observed in the lower limbs i.e in 106 cases (76.25%) followed by no exit wounds in 24 cases (17.26%). Considering manner of death, we observed all the 139 cases of electrocution i.e 100% were of accidental.
Conclusion: Though cases of death due to electrocution are found in minimum numbers along with other unnatural deaths annually, they can be prevented by proper awareness and measures effectively.
Central Medical College Journal Vol 5 No 1 Jan 2021 PP 13-19
Management of Vascular Malformation of Orbit in a Tertiary Eye Hospital
Authors: Iqbal Syed Shahin , Islam Mohammad Ariful , Siddique Md Abu Bakar , Alam Afroza E , Rana Md Masud , Hasanuzzaman Md 
Published: June 2022

Background: Orbit, having a volume of 30cc, contains neurosensory, vascular, motor and secretary structures; is surrounded by facial structures. Visual impairment and restricted ocular motility may be caused by diseases of these structures. Inflammation, neoplasia, structural abnormalities, vascular lesion, and degeneration and deposition can occur within or around the orbit.
Objective: To evaluate the outcome of the management of vascular lesions of orbit and ocular adnexa attending at a tertiary eye hospital.
Method: A prospective interventional study was conducted in a tertiary eye hospital, during the period of July, 2008 to June, 2010. A total of 60 patients with proptosis/lid growth irrespective of age and sex were selected for this study according to selection criteria. Method of medical and surgical treatment were recorded and postoperative details examination including visual acuity, amount of proptosis, cosmetic outcome had been done. Patients were followed after first day, first week, six weeks and six months of postoperative period.
Result: In vascular lesion of the orbit, 53.33 % patients were cavernous haemangioma, 26.67 % patients were capillary haemangioma, 8.33%patients were orbital varices, 6.67 % patients were lymphangioma and 5 % were haemangiopericytoma. Only 10 (16.67%) cases managed by medical treatment and bulk of the patients about 50 (83.33%) patients surgically managed. 10 (62.5%) patients of capillary haemangioma were managed by medically. Among the surgical complications stitch granuloma was higher (10) followed by recurrence (6). There were no complications occurred in 30 (50%) cases.
Conclusion: Cavernous haemangioma was higher among vascular lesions of orbit and adnexa treated surgically.
Central Medical College Journal Vol 5 No 1 Jan 2021 PP 20-24
Study Of Serum Triglyceride And Ldl-cholesterol Among Patients Suffereing From Liver Cirrhosis And Its Relation With Severity of The Disease
Authors: Farzana Taposhi , Karmakar Pijush , Haque Jakia , Joha Md Farhan , Eami Eshrat Jahan 
Published: June 2022

Background: Cirrhosis is characterized by abnormal structure and function of the liver. Liver synthesizes the various lipoproteins involved in transporting cholesterol and lipids throughout the body. This makes liver an important site for lipid metabolism as well as its transport. Thus liver cirrhosis is associated with lipid abnormalities and the amount of decrement is expected to be significantly correlated with increasing severity of liver damage.
Aims and objectives: To determine serum TG and LDL-C in patients with cirrhosis and study their relationship to the severity of cirrhosis.
Materials & Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College, Sylhet during the period from January to December 2016. Fifty cirrhosis of liver patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled as group-A and 50 age-sex matched healthy adults were selected as the control group (group-B).
Result: Fasting serum TG and LDL-C were estimated. Severity of liver Cirrhosis was categorized according to Child-Pugh scoring system and increasing severity was categorized as Child Pugh class A, B and C. TG and LDL-C were decreased in patients with liver cirrhosis. The level of severity of liver damage significantly affects the serum LDL-C level in cirrhosis; and may be considered as marker of severity of liver damage in cirrhosis.
Conclusion: It may be concluded that hypolipidemia exists in patients with liver cirrhosis and screening for severity of cirrhosis by LDL-C is important for intervention with appropriate therapy to reduce the severity of the disease.
Central Medical College Journal Vol 5 No 1 Jan 2021 PP 25-29
Determination of Stature by Using Index and Ring Finger Lengths in Bangladeshi Adult Population
Authors: Naher Nurun , Ashrafuzzaman Md , Jahan Iffat , Hossain Mohammad Monir , Sultana Sonia , Haque Mohammad Fazlul 
Published: June 2022

Background: Anthropometric measurements vary in different races, sex and age groups. Estimation of stature is crucial task in the field of forensic medicine and anthropology in identifying the individual especially when body is decomposed, destroyed or certain body parts of unknown remain in mass disasters or from disposed of in gutters or waste dumps. Stature is one of the various parameters of identification. However few studies were conducted using finger lengths for estimation of stature. The purpose of present study to evaluate utility of index and ring finger lengths in estimation of stature.
Methods: A cross sectional observational analytical study was conducted on 200 participants where 100 were adult males and 100were females. Ages between 25 to 45 years were selected by convenience sampling technique for the study in the Department of Anatomy of Chittagong Medical College (CMC), Chattogram. Sex differences were tested by using unpaired student’s t-test. Correlations between stature and finger lengths were assessed. Multiplication factors (MF) were calculated for estimating the stature.
Results: The present study showed significant (p<0.001) positive correlation between the stature and finger lengths in both genders. We found some multiplication factors which were helpful for estimation of stature from respective measurements.
Conclusion: According to result, this study has implication in mass disaster or in criminal cases for nearly accurate estimation of the stature of an unknown individual.
Central Medical College Journal Vol 5 No 1 Jan 2021 PP 30-34