bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Straw residue incorporation and potassium fertilization enhances soil aggregate stability by altering soil content of iron oxide and organic carbon in a rice–rape cropping system
Authors: Xue Bin , Huang Li , Li Xiaokun , Lu Jianwei , Gao Ruili , Kamran Muhammad 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBoth iron (Fe) oxide and soil organic carbon (SOC) content, among other factors, drive the development and subsequent stability of soil aggregates. However, the mechanism of these drivers in paddy‐upland rotation systems with straw residue incorporation is not well understood. In this multiyear (2011–2017) trial, we sought to study the factors which drive the stability of soil aggregates in such a rice‐rape (RR) agronomic system. In order to examine the effect of straw residue incorporation and potassium fertilization on soil aggregation dynamics, we divided our trial into four treatments: inorganic phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) fertilizer; inorganic NPK fertilizer; inorganic NP fertilizer plus straw residue; and inorganic NPK fertilizer plus straw residue. Treatments which incorporated straw residue significantly increased both the geometric mean diameter (GMD) and the mean weight diameter (MWD) of soil aggregates. Soil aggregate stability was greater after rape harvest than after rice harvest, while SOC shows the opposite trend. Straw residue incorporation increased the SOC and, specifically, concentrations of aliphatic‐C and aromatic‐C, particularly in aggregates greater than 0.25 mm. Straw residue addition significantly increased both the amorphous (Feo) and complex iron oxide (Fep) contents of soil. In both bulk soil and in aggregates greater than 5 mm, SOC and Fep were positively correlated with MWD, while in aggregates less than 5 mm, Feo was positively correlated with MWD. Overall, we suggest that the increased concentrations of SOC, alkane‐C, Feo, and Fep in soils after incorporation of straw residue were responsible for increasing soil aggregate stability.
Harnack inequality for nonlocal problems with non-standard growth
Authors: Chaker Jamil , Kim Minhyun , Weidner Marvin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe prove a full Harnack inequality for local minimizers, as well as weak solutions to nonlocal problems with non-standard growth. The main auxiliary results are local boundedness and a weak Harnack inequality for functions in a corresponding De Giorgi class. This paper builds upon a recent work on regularity estimates for such nonlocal problems by the same authors.
Laparoscopic Heller Myotomy with Dor Fundoplication: An Operation that has Withstood the Test of Time
Authors: Orlow Rafaella , Herbella Fernando A. , Patti Marco G. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundAchalasia is a primary esophageal motility disorder characterized by aperistalsis and defective relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter in response to swallowing. Patients’ symptoms include dysphagia, regurgitation, weight loss, chest pain and aspiration. The disease is idiopathic, and the goal of treatment is to eliminate the resistance determined by the abnormal lower esophageal sphincter, therefore allowing passage of the ingested food from the esophagus into the stomach. Three effective treatment modalities are available today—pneumatic dilatation, peroral endoscopic myotomy, and laparoscopic Heller myotomy with a partial fundoplication.MethodsWe described the technique to perform a laparoscopic Heller myotomy and a Dor fundoplication.ResultsFive steps to perform a laparoscopic Heller myotomy and a Dor fundoplication were described.ConclusionsThe surgical approach is favored in many centers as it is very effective in relieving symptoms, while avoiding pathologic gastroesophageal reflux in most patients.
Laparoscopic resection rectopexy significantly affects preexisting urinary symptoms in female patients
Authors: Kraemer Matthias , Kraemer Silvia , Ceran Canan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
It has previously been noted that following rectopexy, some patients report changes in urinary function. So far, not much is known about the extent of such changes. This study assesses the effects of laparoscopic rectopexy on urinary symptoms.

Methods
Prospective observational study with 100 consecutive female patients indicated for laparoscopic resection rectopexy. Stated urinary symptoms, pre- and postoperative “International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire” (ICIQ), supplemented by a “quality of life “ (QoL) visual analogue scale, and residual urine measurements (RUM) were compared and correlated.

Results
Postoperative QoL was significantly improved, irrespective of preexisting urinary symptoms. Twenty-four (24%) patients noticed improved urinary function. This corresponded with 42% of 45 patients who had positive preoperative ICIQ scores indicating preexisting urinary symptoms. Conversely, 14 (14%) patients noticed a postoperative increase of urinary complaints. The stated symptom change was only in part reflected by changes of the ICIQ scoring. Comparing ICIQ, 19 (19%) patients scored “better” postoperatively against 8% scoring worse; 5 of the 8 patients experienced “de novo” symptoms. The improved postoperative ICIQ scoring was highly significant. RUM did not sufficiently correlate to symptoms/ICIQ for any meaningful conclusion.

Conclusions
Laparoscopic resection rectopexy had predominantly beneficial and to a lesser extent detrimental effects on urinary symptoms. Effects were highly significant; they were mainly noted in patients with preexisting urinary complaints. So far, it is not possible to predict such effects on an individual basis. It appears likely that similar effects may be found for most of the alternative operative procedures for the treatment of rectal prolapse. Without more factual knowledge and awareness about the extent of potential “collateral” effects of pelvic floor repair procedures, expert guidance of patients appears limited.
AR cooperates with SMAD4 to maintain skeletal muscle homeostasis
Authors: Forouhan Mitra , Lim Wooi Fang , Zanetti-Domingues Laura C. , Tynan Christopher J. , Roberts Thomas C. , Malik Bilal , Manzano Raquel , Speciale Alfina A. , Ellerington Ruth , Garcia-Guerra Antonio , Fratta Pietro , Sorarú Gianni , Greensmith Linda , Pennuto Maria , Wood Matthew J. A. , Rinaldi Carlo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAndrogens and androgen-related molecules exert a plethora of functions across different tissues, mainly through binding to the transcription factor androgen receptor (AR). Despite widespread therapeutic use and misuse of androgens as potent anabolic agents, the molecular mechanisms of this effect on skeletal muscle are currently unknown. Muscle mass in adulthood is mainly regulated by the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) axis of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β pathway via recruitment of mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 (SMAD4) protein. Here we show that, upon activation, AR forms a transcriptional complex with SMAD4 to orchestrate a muscle hypertrophy programme by modulating SMAD4 chromatin binding dynamics and enhancing its transactivation activity. We challenged this mechanism of action using spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) as a model of study. This adult-onset neuromuscular disease is caused by a polyglutamine expansion (polyQ) in AR and is characterized by progressive muscle weakness and atrophy secondary to a combination of lower motor neuron degeneration and primary muscle atrophy. Here we found that the presence of an elongated polyQ tract impairs AR cooperativity with SMAD4, leading to an inability to mount an effective anti-atrophy gene expression programme in skeletal muscle in response to denervation. Furthermore, adeno-associated virus, serotype 9 (AAV9)-mediated muscle-restricted delivery of BMP7 is able to rescue the muscle atrophy in SBMA mice, supporting the development of treatments able to fine-tune AR-SMAD4 transcriptional cooperativity as a promising target for SBMA and other conditions associated with muscle loss.
Effect of fuzziness in fuzzy rule-based classifiers defined by strong fuzzy partitions and winner-takes-all inference
Authors: Casalino Gabriella , Castellano Giovanna , Castiello Ciro , Mencar Corrado 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe study the impact of fuzziness on the behavior of Fuzzy Rule-Based Classifiers (FRBCs) defined by trapezoidal fuzzy sets forming Strong Fuzzy Partitions. In particular, if an FRBC selects the class related to the rule with the highest activation (so-called Winner-Takes-All approach), then fuzziness, as quantified by the slope of the membership functions, has no impact in classifying data in regions of the input space where rules dominate. On the other hand, fuzziness affects the behaviour of the FRBC in regions where the confidence in classification is low. As a consequence, in the context of Explainable Artificial Intelligence, fuzziness is profitable in FRBCs only if classification is accompanied by an explanation of the confidence of the provided outputs.
Diagnostic classification of Parkinson’s disease based on non-motor manifestations and machine learning strategies
Authors: Martinez-Eguiluz Maitane , Arbelaitz Olatz , Gurrutxaga Ibai , Muguerza Javier , Perona Iñigo , Murueta-Goyena Ane , Acera Marian , Del Pino Rocío , Tijero Beatriz , Gomez-Esteban Juan Carlos , Gabilondo Iñigo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNon-motor manifestations of Parkinson’s disease (PD) appear early and have a significant impact on the quality of life of patients, but few studies have evaluated their predictive potential with machine learning algorithms. We evaluated 9 algorithms for discriminating PD patients from controls using a wide collection of non-motor clinical PD features from two databases: Biocruces (96 subjects) and PPMI (687 subjects). In addition, we evaluated whether the combination of both databases could improve the individual results. For each database 2 versions with different granularity were created and a feature selection process was performed. We observed that most of the algorithms were able to detect PD patients with high accuracy (>80%). Support Vector Machine and Multi-Layer Perceptron obtained the best performance, with an accuracy of 86.3% and 84.7%, respectively. Likewise, feature selection led to a significant reduction in the number of variables and to better performance. Besides, the enrichment of Biocruces database with data from PPMI moderately benefited the performance of the classification algorithms, especially the recall and to a lesser extent the accuracy, while the precision worsened slightly. The use of interpretable rules obtained by the RIPPER algorithm showed that simply using two variables (autonomic manifestations and olfactory dysfunction), it was possible to achieve an accuracy of 84.4%. Our study demonstrates that the analysis of non-motor parameters of PD through machine learning techniques can detect PD patients with high accuracy and recall, and allows us to select the most discriminative non-motor variables to create potential tools for PD screening.
Learning to anticipate mate presence shapes individual sex roles in the hermaphroditic pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis
Authors: Álvarez Beatriz , Koene Joris M. , Hollis Karen L. , Loy Ignacio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDespite being simultaneously male and female, hermaphrodites may still need to assume the male or female sexual role in a mating encounter, with the option to swap roles afterwards. For the great pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis, deciding which sexual role to perform has important consequences, since sperm transfer and male reproductive success can be decreased. We hypothesised that detecting cues that indicate a possible mating encounter could help them to adapt their mating behaviour. Therefore, we experimentally assessed whether signalling the presence of a conspecific with an odour can affect the sexual role of Lymnaea stagnalis. The results showed that learning resulted in either an increased ability to mate as a male or in faster mating compared to the control group. These findings reveal that learning shapes the mating dynamics of Lymnaea stagnalis, thus showing that cognitive processes not only affect mating in separate-sexed species but also in hermaphrodites.
Numerical Simulations of Coastal Overwash Using A Phase-Averaged Wave—Current—Sediment Transport Model
Authors: Li Song-zhe , Ji Chao , Zhang Qing-he , Chen Tong-qing 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCoastal overwash is a natural phenomenon that commonly occurs during storm events and can cause considerable changes in nearshore morphology within a short time. In this study, a complete set of empirical overwash transport algorithms is developed and introduced into a phase-averaged wave-current-sediment transport coupling model that integrates the Finite-Volume Community Ocean Model (FVCOM) and the Simulating Waves Nearshore (SWAN) model. The resulting morphological evolution model can simulate coastal overwash. Validation against the data obtained from multiple sets of laboratory overwash experiments demonstrates that the model performs relatively well in simulating morphological changes caused by runup overwash and inundation overwash under different hydrodynamic and beach profile conditions. The sensitivity of each empirical coefficient in the overwash transport algorithms is comprehensively analyzed. The effects of each coefficient on the output of the model are discussed, and a recommended value range is provided for each coefficient.
Orgasm Rating Scale and Bodily Sensations of Orgasm Scale: Validation for Use with Pre, Peri, and Post-Menopausal Women
Authors: Webb Amy Elizabeth , Reissing Elke Doris , Huta Veronika 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundOrgasm, particularly in older women, remains a poorly understood aspect of female sexual response partly because of a lack of validated self-report measures.AimTo evaluate the Orgasm Rating Scale (ORS) and Bodily Sensations of Orgasm Scale (BSOS) for use with pre, peri, and post-menopausal women and between solitary and partnered orgasm contexts.MethodsParticipants (solitary context, 252 pre, 139 peri, 190 post; partnered context, 229 pre, 136 peri, and 194 post-menopausal women, aged 18-82 years) were asked to complete an online questionnaire based on most recent solitary and partnered orgasm. Principal components analysis with Varimax rotation summarized the data into interpretable baseline models for all groups. Multi-Group Confirmatory Factor Analysis tested for multi-group measurement invariance. Adjustments to the models were made, and final model structures were presented.Main Outcome MeasuresORS and BSOS measuring solitary and/or masturbation and partnered orgasm.ResultsFor the ORS, 10 factor solutions were preferred, explaining 81% (pre), 80% (peri), and 81% (post) of the variance for the solitary and 83% (pre), 86% (peri), and 84% (post) of the variance for the partnered context. Factors included pleasurable satisfaction, ecstasy, emotional intimacy, relaxation, building sensations, flooding sensations, flushing sensations, shooting sensations, throbbing sensations, and general spasms. For the BSOS, 3 factor solutions were preferred, explaining 55% (pre), 60% (peri), and 56% (post) of the variance for the solitary and 56% (pre), 61% (peri), and 60% (post) of the variance for the partnered context. Factors included extragenital sensations, genital sensations and spasms, and nociceptive sensations and sweating responses. Divergent validity was observed (solitary r = -.04; partnered r = -.11) and configural, metric and scalar invariance for the solitary and partnered versions of the ORS and BSOS were found, suggesting the measures were interpreted similarly by all women.Clinical ImplicationsWith valid measurement tools, women’s varying orgasm experiences can be investigated more systematically and compared to address gaps and conflicts in the existing literature. Ultimately, these additions may assist with improved interventions for women who are unsatisfied with their orgasm experiences.Strengths and LimitationsStrengths include gaining the ability to compare age and menopausal status groups using empirically validated measures of orgasm experience. Limitations include cross-sectional design and lack of test-retest reliability measurement.ConclusionThe ORS and BSOS are supported for use with women across adulthood in solitary and partnered orgasm contexts and can be used concurrently to provide a comprehensive assessment.
Diabetes mellitus and other underlying conditions in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 associated rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zobairy H , Salem M M , Ghajarzadeh M , Mirmosayyeb O , Mirsalehi M 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to compute the pooled prevalence of diabetes mellitus and other underlying conditions in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 associated rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis.MethodA systematic literature review was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase and Google Scholar. The cross-sectional studies that reported the frequency of diabetes mellitus in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 associated rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis were included.ResultsEighteen eligible studies with a total number of 3718 patients were included in the current study. The pooled prevalence of diabetes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 associated rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis was 89 per cent and with new-onset diabetes was 32 per cent. The pooled prevalence of steroid use was high (79 per cent) too. The all-cause mortality rate was 24 per cent.ConclusionDiabetes mellitus was the most frequent underlying condition in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 associated rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis. The second most frequent underlying condition was steroid use during coronavirus disease 2019 infection. The appropriate control of hyperglycaemia and rational prescription of steroids during the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 associated rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis is recommended.
Why does God command?
Authors: Wygoda Cohen Shlomit 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAssuming the existence of God and divine commands, it makes sense to ask to what end God issues commands. This question has been raised in recent philosophical literature in the context of whether there can be a divine command to believe in, or to worship, God. In this article, I argue that the answers proposed to this question fail to appreciate the wide range of possible purposes of divine commanding. In particular, I argue that commands that cannot be conformed or complied with may still have purpose.
Few generalized entropic relations related to Rydberg atoms
Authors: Kumar Kirtee , Prasad Vinod 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe calculate the analytical and numerical values of the position space Shannon entropy, momentum space Shannon entropy, and total Shannon entropy, $$S_\rho$$

S
ρ

, $$S_\gamma$$

S
γ

, and $$S_T$$

S
T

, respectively, of free and trapped Rydberg hydrogen-like atoms. The influence of atomic number Z, the principal quantum number n, and energy E on the Shannon entropy of the Rydberg atoms are illustrated. The scaling properties of Shannon entropy with energy of states E and the principal quantum number n have been reported for the first time to the best of our knowledge. Our work explains how Shannon entropy indicates localization-delocalization of the wavefunction. The total Shannon entropy as a measure of the number of nodes in the trapped Rydberg atom’s wavefunction is also discussed. We show why an uncertainty relation based on Shannon entropy is superior to Heisenberg uncertainty for Rydberg atoms.
The bifurcation angle is associated with the progression of saccular aneurysms
Authors: Shimizu Kampei , Kataoka Hiroharu , Imai Hirohiko , Miyata Takeshi , Okada Akihiro , Sakai Nobuyuki , Chin Masaki , Iwasaki Koichi , Hatano Taketo , Imamura Hirotoshi , Ishibashi Ryota , Goto Masanori , Koyanagi Masaomi , Aoki Tomohiro , Miyamoto Susumu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe role of the bifurcation angle in progression of saccular intracranial aneurysms (sIAs) has been undetermined. We, therefore, assessed the association of bifurcation angles with aneurysm progression using a bifurcation-type aneurysm model in rats and anterior communicating artery aneurysms in a multicenter case–control study. Aneurysm progression was defined as growth by ≥ 1 mm or rupture during observation, and controls as progression-free for 30 days in rats and ≥ 36 months in humans. In the rat model, baseline bifurcation angles were significantly wider in progressive aneurysms than in stable ones. In the case–control study, 27 and 65 patients were enrolled in the progression and control groups. Inter-observer agreement for the presence or absence of the growth was excellent (κ coefficient, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.61–1.0). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that wider baseline bifurcation angles were significantly associated with subsequent progressions. The odds ratio for the progression of the second (145°–179°) or third (180°–274°) tertiles compared to the first tertile (46°–143°) were 5.5 (95% CI, 1.3–35). Besides, the bifurcation angle was positively correlated with the size of aneurysms (Spearman’s rho, 0.39; P = 0.00014). The present study suggests the usefulness of the bifurcation angle for predicting the progression of sIAs.
A retrospective comparative study of local anesthesia only and local anesthesia with sedation for percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy
Authors: Yang Liu , Pan Yu-Lin , Liu Chun-Zhi , Guo De-Xin , Zhao Xin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIt is still an unsolved problem to achieve both immediate intraoperative feedback and satisfactory surgical experience in percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy under local anesthesia for lumbar disk herniation (LDH) patients. Herein, we compared the analgesic and sedative effects of local anesthesia alone and local anesthesia with conscious sedation in LDH patients during percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy. Ninety-two LDH patients were enrolled and divided into the following groups: control group (Con Group), dexmedetomidine group (Dex Group), oxycodone group (Oxy Group), and dexmedetomidine + oxycodone group (Dex + Oxy Group). Various signs, including mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), pulse oximeter oxygen saturation (SpO2) and Ramsay score, were compared before anesthesia (T1), working cannula establishment (T2), nucleus pulposus removal (T3), and immediately postoperation (T4). Clinical outcomes, including VAS score, operation time, hospitalization period, Macnab criteria, and SF-36 score, were also evaluated. The Dex + Oxy Group showed the most stable MAP and HR at T2 and T3 in all groups. The clinical outcomes, such as VAS, hospitalization period, Macnab criteria, and SF-36 score, have no significant differences among groups (p > 0.05). Local anesthesia combined with conscious sedation is a safe and effective method to improve the surgical experience and achieve satisfying clinical outcomes for LDH patients during percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy.