bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing prolactin levels in chronic long-term hospitalized schizophrenic patients with co-morbid type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Zhu Junhong , Wang Huijuan , Huang Shaoyun , Zhang Yingying , Liu Xuebing , Li Yi , Ma Jun 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundFor long-term hospitalized patients suffering from schizophrenia, metabolic disease and hyperprolactinemia (HPRL) are common comorbidities. This article is aimed at analyzing the factors influencing comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on prolactin (PRL) levels in long-term hospitalized patients suffering from schizophrenia.MethodsThis study included 378 long-term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia. Common metabolic markers and PRL levels of included samples were collected, and the severity of psychopathology was assessed using the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS). Based on the patients with or without T2DM, the samples were divided into two groups. The differences in clinical parameters between the two groups were compared, and the effects of the parameters on the PRL levels were analyzed.ResultsCompared with non-DM patients, the patients in the DM subgroup had lower PRL levels (P &lt; 0.0001) and rather severe psychiatric symptoms (P = 0.016). Female, treated by risperidone, and high levels of triglyceride (TG) were faced with risk for HPRL (B = 26.31, t = 5.39, P &lt; 0.0001; B = 19.52, t = 4.00, P &lt; 0.0001; B = 2.71, t = 2.31, P = 0.022, respectively). Meanwhile, co-morbid DM and aripiprazole treatment were protective factors (B = 15.47, t = 3.05, P = 0.002; B = –23.77, t = –2.47, P = 0.014; respectively). Ultimately, in the DM subgroup, the dose of metformin was found to be a protective factor for HPRL (B = –0.01, t = –1.46, P = 0.047), while female and aripiprazole were risk factors (B = 16.06, t = 3.26, P = 0.001; B = 20.13, t = 2.57, P = 0.011; respectively).ConclusionAripiprazole is a protective factor for HPRL in long-term hospitalized patients, whereas the female is a risk factor. Metformin is beneficial in reducing PRL levels in patients with co-morbid DM. More aggressive and effective interventions are required for preventing adverse drug reactions in women and patients with co-DM.
A randomized controlled trial of an mHealth application with nursing interaction to promote quality of life among community-dwelling older adults
Authors: Wong Arkers Kwan Ching , Wong Frances Kam Yuet , Bayuo Jonathan , Chow Karen Kit Sum , Wong Siu Man , Lee Athena Yin Lam 
Published: October 2022

SignificanceUsing mHealth apps alone at home without the support of healthcare experts could mean that older adults might not fully utilize the functions of the apps, recognize their benefits, and sustain their use. Incorporating an integrated health-social partnership model to support the app usage when further help is needed by the older adults might maximize the apps' benefits in the long term.ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the benefits of adding nursing interaction supported by a health-social partnership model in the use of mHealth, and the sustained beneficial effects on psychological outcomes, including quality of life, self-efficacy, and depression, among older adults after the completion of the program.MethodsA three-arm, randomized controlled trial design was adopted. Community-dwelling older adults with chronic pain, hypertension, or diabetes, were randomly assigned to either the mHealth, mHealth with interactivity, or control group. Subjects in both the mHealth and the mHealth with interactivity groups received the mHealth application. In addition, the mHealth with interactivity group received support from a nurse case manager, who was supported by a health-social partnership team. mHealth apps and services from a nurse case manager were not provided to the control group. The primary outcome measure was quality of life, and secondary outcomes were self-efficacy and depression. Data were collected at pre-intervention (T1), post-intervention (T2), and at 3 months post-intervention to measure the sustained effect of the program.ResultsThere were 74 mHealth+I, 71 mHealth, and 76 control group subjects enrolled in the program. No statistically significant between-group, within-group, and interaction effects between group and time in both physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scores were found among the three groups. The mHealth group showed an improvement in PCS and depression scores from T1 to T2, sustained at T3; while the mHealth+I group demonstrated improved self-efficacy from T1 to T2, with a decrease at T3.ConclusionAdding nurse-directed telephone calls may be of little to no benefit at all in the long term. Future studies may consider a longer intervention period to build and sustain quality of life and self-efficacy levels among community-dwelling older adults.Clinical trial registrationwww.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03878212.
Cost-effectiveness of insulin degludec/insulin aspart versus biphasic insulin aspart in Chinese population with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Luo Qiong , Zhou Li , Zhou Naitong , Hu Ming 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the long-term cost effectiveness of insulin degludec/insulin aspart (IDegAsp) vs. biphasic insulin aspart 30 (BIAsp 30) for the treatment of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) inadequately managed on basal insulin in China.MethodsThe CORE (the Center for Outcomes Research) Diabetes Model, which has been published and verified, was used to simulate disease progression and calculate the total direct medical costs, life years (LYs) and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) over 30 years, from the perspective of Chinese healthcare system. The patient demographic information and clinical data needed for the model were gathered from a phase III treat-to-target clinical trial (NCT02762578) and other Chinese cohort studies. Medical costs on treating diabetes were calculated based on clinical trial and local sources. The diabetes management and complications costs were derived from published literature. A discounting rate of 5% was applied to both health and cost outcomes. And one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were carried out to test the reliability of the results.ResultsCompared with BIAsp 30, treatment with IDegAsp was associated with an incremental benefit of 0.001 LYs (12.439 vs. 12.438) and 0.280 QALYs (9.522 vs. 9.242) over a 30-year time horizon, and increased CNY (Chinese Yuan) 3,888 (390,152 vs. 386,264) for total costs. IDegAsp was cost-effective vs. BIAsp 30 therapy with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of CNY 13,886 per QALY gained. Results were robust across a range of sensitivity analyses.ConclusionCompared with BIAsp 30, IDegAsp was a cost-effective treatment option for people with T2DM with inadequate glycemic management on basal insulin in China.
Trends of cancer incidence among Chinese older adults from 2005 to 2016: A log-linear regression and age-period-cohort analysis
Authors: Guo Hong , Lin Kangqian , Yang Kaiyue , Ma Zhenrong , Cao Miao , Hu Yunhua , Yan Yizhong 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundTo study the corresponding strategies for controlling cancer in older adults aged 60 and above in China, a comprehensive assessment of disease burden is required. Therefore, we will introduce the cancer epidemiological characteristics of older adults in China over a recent 12 year period.MethodsThe age-period-cohort model was constructed using the cancer incidence data from the Chinese Cancer Registry Annual Report published in 2008–2019. The annual change percentage (APC) was estimated by log-linear regression to reflect the time trend. The data from the GLOBOCAN 2020 database was selected for worldwide comparative analysis.ResultsThe cancer incidence in older adults aged 60 and above in China showed a decreasing trend (APC = −0.73%, P = 0.009). The urban/rural ratio of cancer incidence increased from 0.94 to 1.07 (t = 3.52, P &lt; 0.05), while the sex ratio (male/female) showed a significant decreasing trend only in rural areas (t = −6.77, P &lt; 0.05), and the ratio decreased from 2.02 to 1.72. The results of the age-period-cohort model showed that the cancer incidence increased with age in both males and females, urban and rural areas. The RR of period effect increased from 2005 to 2010, then decreased from 2010 to 2015, and the downward trend was more obvious. The RR of the later-born cohort was lower than that of the earlier-born cohort in rural areas. Lung, gastric, colorectal, esophageal, liver, and breast cancers were common cancers in Chinese older adults. Lung cancer incidence ranked first in males, and it decreased with time in the 75–79 and 80–84 age groups (APC75 − 79 = −1.10%, APC80 − 84 = −0.88%, all P &lt; 0.05). Breast cancer incidence ranked first among female in the 60–64 age group and showed an increasing trend (APC60 − 64 = 1.52%, P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsThe cancer incidence in Chinese older adults aged 60 and above showed a decreasing trend, but it was still at a relatively high level. The key targets of prevention and treatment should be males, urban areas, younger people, older adults aged 60–69, lung, gastrointestinal, and breast cancers in the future.
Early experience with uniportal robotic thoracic surgery lobectomy
Authors: Mercadante Edoardo , Martucci Nicola , De Luca Giuseppe , La Rocca Antonello , La Manna Carmine 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundInvasiveness is considered one of the cornerstones of every field of surgery, and video-assisted thoracoscopic (VATS) approaches are now routinely used worldwide to perform pulmonary resections. Recently, robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) has become the preferred technique in many centers; it is routinely performed using three or four ports with at least one service incision, contrasting with the real concept of invasiveness, especially when compared to uniportal VATS (U-VATS). Hereby, we present our early experience with uniportal RATS (U-RATS) pulmonary resections for early-stage lung cancer. Technical details of surgical steps are accurately described and commented on.ResultsTwenty-four consecutive patients with lung cancer underwent U-RATS anatomical pulmonary resections at our institute. All procedures were completed with the uniportal approach. The mean operative time was 210 min (range 120–350); in the last 10 cases, the operative time was significantly reduced (180 min) compared to the first 10 cases (232 min) (p &lt; 0.02), showing a very fast learning curve. The postoperative pain score was comparable to that for U-VATS and was constantly low.ConclusionsU-RATS is a safe and feasible technique, combining the advantages of U-VATS with the well-known advantages of robotic surgery.
Improved Accuracy of Lymph Node Staging and Long-Term Survival Benefit in Colorectal Cancer With Ex Vivo Arterial Methylene Blue Infiltration
Authors: Suszták Nóra , Besznyák István , Almási Kálmán , Bursics Attila , Kelemen Dóra , Borowski David W. , Bánky Balázs 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:Ex vivo methylene blue (MB) injection into the main supplying arteries of the colorectal specimen after surgical removal is an uncomplicated technique to support lymph node harvest during pathological evaluation. The primary aim of this randomized, interventional, bicentric trial was to evaluate the impact of MB injection on lymph node yield, with secondary aims assessing the accuracy of lymph node staging and the effect on 5-year overall survival for patients undergoing resection of colorectal cancer.Methods: In the study period between December 2013 and August 2015, 200 colorectal resections were performed at two independent onco-surgery centers of Hungary. Following surgical resection, each specimen was randomly assigned either to the control (standard pathological work-up) or to the MB staining group before formaldehyde fixation. Patient-level surgical and clinical data were retrieved from routinely collected clinical datasets. Survival status data were obtained from the National Health Insurance Fund of Hungary.Results: A total of 162 specimens, 82 in the control and 80 in the MB groups, were included for analysis. Baseline characteristics were equally distributed among study groups, except for specimen length. Both the median of total number of lymph nodes retrieved (control 11 ± 8 [0–33] nodes vs. MB 14 ± 6 [0–42] nodes; p &lt; 0.01), and the ratio of cases with at least 12 removed lymph nodes (36/82, 43.9% vs. 53/80, 66.3%; p &lt; 0.01) were higher in the MB group. The rate of accurate lymph node staging was non-significantly improved. As for rectal cancer, nodal staging accuracy (16/31, 51.6% vs. 23/30, 76.7%; p = 0.04) and the proportion with minimum 12 lymph node retrieval (7/31, 22.6%, vs. 18/30, 60%; p &lt; 0.01) was improved by MB injection. In Mantel–Cox regression, a statistically significant survival benefit with methylene blue injection at 5 years post-surgery was proven (51.2% vs. 68.8%; p = 0.04).Conclusion: In our experience, postoperative ex vivo arterial methylene blue injection appears to be an uncomplicated technique, improving lymph node yield and decreasing the chance of insufficient nodal staging. The technique might also associate with a 5-year overall survival benefit.
A Data Driven Modelling Approach for the Strain Rate Dependent 3D Shear Deformation and Failure of Thermoplastic Fibre Reinforced Composites: Experimental Characterisation and Deriving Modelling Parameters
Authors: Gerritzen Johannes , Hornig Andreas , Gröger Benjamin , Gude Maik 
Published: October 2022

The 3D shear deformation and failure behaviour of a glass fibre reinforced polypropylene in a shear strain rate range of γ˙=2.2×10−4 to 3.4 1s is investigated. An Iosipescu testing setup on a servo-hydraulic high speed testing unit is used to experimentally characterise the in-plane and out-of-plane behaviour utilising three specimen configurations (12-, 13- and 31-direction). The experimental procedure as well as the testing results are presented and discussed. The measured shear stress–shear strain relations indicate a highly nonlinear behaviour and a distinct rate dependency. Two methods are investigated to derive according material characteristics: a classical engineering approach based on moduli and strengths and a data driven approach based on the curve progression. In all cases a Johnson–Cook based formulation is used to describe rate dependency. The analysis methodologies as well as the derived model parameters are described and discussed in detail. It is shown that a phenomenologically enhanced regression can be used to obtain material characteristics for a generalising constitutive model based on the data driven approach.
A Robust Angular Rate Sensor Utilizing 2:1 Auto-Parametric Resonance Excitation
Authors: Gadhavi Bhargav , Golnaraghi Farid , Bahreyni Behraad 
Published: October 2022

This paper presents a single-axis angular rate sensor that is robust to variations in its operating voltage and frequencies. The sensor is developed to overcome the shortcomings of conventional mode-matched Micromachined Vibratory Gyroscopes in open loop operations, namely narrow frequency bandwidths and unstable scale factors. The developed sensor utilizes inherent forcing and inertial nonlinearities from electrostatic forces and fabrication imperfections to auto-parametrically excite the sense mode via 2:1 auto-parametric resonance, which yields a broader bandwidth frequency response for the sensor’s sense mode. The experimental results demonstrated −3 dB frequency bandwidth of 500 Hz, a scale factor of 50 μV/°/s, and a dynamic range of ±330°/s.
Critérios prognósticos: paciente comatoso e controle direcionado de temperatura
Authors: Soares Corrêa Thaís , Vilas Bôas Magalhães Lucas 
Published: October 2022

Introdução. O Controle Direcionado de Temperatura é utilizado, principalmente, para reduzir lesões de reperfusão em pacientes vítimas de parada cardíaca internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva que permanecem comatosos após a ressuscitação e o retorno da circulação espontânea. Objetivo. Discutir a avaliação do prognóstico de pacientes comatosos que foram submetidos ao Controle Direcionado de Temperatura após uma parada cardiorrespiratória, haja vista que esta abordagem terapêutica poderia alterar tanto a acurácia quanto os valores de corte dos parâmetros normalmente utilizados. Método. Trata-se de revisão integrativa com abordagem qualitativa. Na busca, foram utilizadas as palavras-chave “ICU”, “induced hypothermia”, “Targeted Temperature Management”, “cooling”, “cardiac arrest” e “prognosis”. A análise incluiu estudos primários publicados a partir de 2010 envolvendo diferentes testes clínicos e laboratoriais prognósticos nesse contexto, verificando suas aplicabilidades práticas atuais. Resultados. A terapia com controle direcionado de temperatura de fato interfere na validade dos testes atualmente empregados e nos seus respectivos parâmetros de referência. Conclusões. Torna-se imprescindível uma avaliação combinada de diferentes exames (multiparamétrica), bem como realização de testes clínicos randomizados e estudos em maiores escalas, de forma a guiar a criação de uma diretriz clara e atualizada para esse grupo específico de pacientes.
Cardiac Manifestations in Patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD): A Single-Center Study
Authors: Arjune Sita , Grundmann Franziska , Todorova Polina , Hendrix Claudia , Pfister Roman , ten Freyhaus Henrik , Müller Roman-Ulrich 
Published: October 2022

Key Points

Cardiovascular disease—a key driver of morbidity in CKD—is common in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD).Pathologic echocardiography findings, including valvular defects, aortic root dilation, and hypertrophy, are found in most patients with ADPKD.These findings correlate with parameters indicating disease progression in ADPKD. Echocardiography should be offered to all patients with ADPKD.

Background
ADPKD is the most common monogenetic kidney disease and results in kidney failure in >75% of affected individuals. As a systemic disorder, ADPKD is associated with a variety of extrarenal manifestations, including cardiac manifestations, that affect the majority of patients. We characterized the cardiac involvement in patients with ADPKD from the German AD(H)PKD registry and compared them with kidney donor candidates as controls.

Methods
In this single-center cohort study, we evaluated 141 patients with ADPKD (44.17±11.23 years) from the German AD(H)PKD registry and 60 kidney donor candidates (55.08±10.21 years). All patients underwent clinical examination, abdominal MRI, and transthoracic echocardiography.

Results
Of the patients with ADPKD, 65% showed hypertrophy of the left ventricle (as defined by an end-diastolic interventricular septal wall thickness [IVSd] >10 mm) compared with 55% in control patients. Mitral regurgitation was the most common finding among 54% of patients with ADPKD who exhibited valvular dysfunction, albeit mild in most patients. Interestingly, left ventricular ejection fraction (LV-EF) differed significantly between both groups, with higher values in patients with ADPKD (64%±6% versus 60%±6%), whereas other parameters, including IVSd, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), and pressure gradients across the aortic and tricuspid valve were similar between groups. Correlations of echocardiographic parameters with markers of disease progression revealed statistically significant associations for aortic root diameter (P=0.01), the pressure gradient across the aortic valve (AV dPmax; P=0.0003), and IVSd (P=0.0001), indicating rapid kidney disease progression may also be associated with cardiac findings.

Conclusion
Cardiovascular abnormalities are prevalent in patients with ADPKD. Considering the importance of cardiovascular disease for outcomes in CKD, early management and possibly prevention are important goals of any treatment scheme. Consequently, echocardiography should be offered to all patients with ADPKD in routine management.
Comparative evaluation of the economic effectiveness of using chlorine-containing media in water disinfection technologies
Authors: Фесенко Л.Н. , Черкесов А.Ю. , Пчельников И.В. , Пчельникова А.С. , Скрябин А.Ю. 
Published: October 2022

Представлено технико-экономическое сравнение трех методов обеззараживания воды с использованием: газообразного хлора, высококонцентрированного гипохлорита натрия и низкоконцентрированного гипохлорита натрия. Сравнительный анализ проводили на примере действующей хлораторной, расположенной на территории канализационных очистных сооружений г. Ленинск-Кузнецкий Кемеровской области. Экономический анализ показал, что использование низкоконцентрированного гипохлорита натрия в сравнении с высококонцентрированным является выгодным, поскольку сокращается срок окупаемости. Это подтверждает целесообразность применения данной технологии и позволяет в большей степени реализовать социально ориентированную тарифную политику для потребителей. Кроме того, при выборе реагента его преимущества следует искать в безопасности доставки и хранения, технологичности применения, количестве побочных отходов при производстве продукта на месте использования, а также цены поставок хлорсодержащего реагента или стоимости аппаратов, производящих его непосредственно на площадке водоочистных сооружений из приобретаемого сырья.
An engineering and economic comparison of three methods of water disinfection using: gaseous chlorine, high concentrated sodium hypochlorite and low concentrated sodium hypochlorite is presented. A comparative analysis was carried out using the example of an operating chlorination plant located on the territory of the wastewater treatment facilities in the city of Leninsk-Kuznetsky, Kemerovo Region. The economic analysis has shown that the use of low concentrated sodium hypochlorite compared to high concentrated sodium hypochlorite is beneficial, as the payback period is reduced. This confirms the expediency of using this technology since it provides for implementing a socially oriented tariff policy for consumers to a greater extent. Besides, while choosing a chemical, its advantages should be sought in the safety of delivery and storage, technological effectiveness in use, the amount of by-products in the preparation of the product at the place of use, as well as the delivery price of a chlorine-containing chemical or the cost of apparatus that produce it directly at the premises of the water treatment facilities from purchased raw materials.