bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Individual-level and community-level determinants of use of maternal health services in Northwest Ethiopia: a prospective follow-up study
Authors: Zelka Muluwas Amentie , Yalew Alemayehu Worku , Debelew Gurmesa Tura 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveThe use of maternal health services is an important indicator of maternal health and socioeconomic development. Evidence on individual-level and community-level determinants of use of maternal health services in Benishangul Gumuz Region was not well known so far. Hence, this study fills this gap.DesignA prospective follow-up studySettingThis study was conducted from March 2020 to January 2021 in Northwest Ethiopia.ParticipantsA total of 2198 pregnant women participated in the study.Main outcome measuresA multistage random sampling technique was used to select study subjects. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews using pretested semistructured questionnaires. Collected data were coded, cleaned and analysed using Stata software. Multilevel regression models were applied to determine individual-level and community-level factors of use of maternal health services.ResultsThis study found that the proportions of women who visited recommended antenatal care (ANC), received skilled delivery care and postnatal care (PNC) were 66.1%, 58.3% and 58.6%, respectively. Being rural (adjusted OR (AOR)=3.82, 95% CI 1.35 to 10.78), having information on maternal health services (AOR=2.13, 95% CI 1.21 to 3.75), with a history of pregnancy-related problems (AOR=1.83, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.92) and women with decision-making power (AOR=1.74, 95% CI 1.14 to 2.68) were more likely to attend fourth ANC visits. Similarly, women who attended tertiary school (AOR=4.12, 95% CI 1.49 to 11.33) and who initiated the first ANC visit within 4–6 months of pregnancy (AOR=0.66, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.96) were determinants of skilled delivery care. Finally, women whose partners attended tertiary education (AOR=3.67, 95% CI 1.40 to 9.58), women with decision-making power (AOR=1.8, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.97), women who attended the fourth ANC visit (AOR=10.8, 95% CI 6.79 to 17.2), women received iron–folic acid during pregnancy (AOR=1.96, 95% CI 1.11 to 3.49) and women who received skilled delivery care (AOR=1.63, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.42) were more likely to get PNC services.ConclusionThe proportion of women who attended ANC, received skilled delivery services and PNCs was low. Different individual-level and community-level factors that influenced the use of these services were discovered. Therefore, community-based interventions should target those identified factors to improve maternal health services.
Prospective cohort study of prevention of mother to child transmission of hepatitis B infection and 9 months follow-up of hepatitis B-exposed infants at Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Authors: Ndububa Dennis , Kuti Oluwafemi , Awowole Ibraheem , Adekanle Olusegun , Ijarotimi Oluwasegun , Makinde Olufemiwa , Adeyemi Adebanjo , Anyabolu Chineme , Ijadunola Macellina 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesEliminating mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is central to WHO’s target of reducing hepatitis B infection in children to <0.1% by 2030. While Nigeria accounts for 8.3% of the global burden, interventional studies on prevention of MTCT of HBV are hardly available. This study aimed to assess the impact of prevention of MTCT interventions on vertical transmission of HBV among pregnant women in Nigeria.DesignA prospective cohort study.SettingA University Teaching Hospitals Complex in Nigeria between 2015 and 2021.Participants10 866 pregnant women and their pre-existing children.InterventionsEligible pregnant women were screened for HBsAg using chromatographic immunoassay (Micropoint, USA). HbsAg-positive women had HBV serological assay done and their pre-existing children were screened. Women with HBV DNA ≥2 00 000 IU/mL and those positive for hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg) had 300 mg/day of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) in the third trimester. The newborns had hepatitis B vaccinesand HB immunoglobulin (HBIG) administered, followed by testing for HBsAg at 9 months postnatally.Primary outcome measuresPrevalence of chronic hepatitis B infection in pregnancy, and the incidence of MTCT of HBV.ResultsOverall, 395 women had chronic HBV infection, giving a prevalence of 3.64%. Their mean age was 31.51±5.71 years, with a median parity of 1.2. Thirteen women (5.2%) were positive for HBeAg, seven (3.1%) of the 225 pre-existing hepatitis B-exposed children were HbsAg positive and 17 women had prenatal TDF. Overall, 376 women completed the study, with mean birth weight of 3.21±1.86 kg and perinatal mortality rate of 29.2/1000 births. Hepatitis Bvaccine-HBIG combination was administered to 260 newborns, while the others had hepatitis B vaccine alone. All the children tested negative to the HbsAg at 9 months.ConclusionEliminating MTCT of HBV infection through validated protocols in low and middle income countries with the highest burden of chronic HBV infections is feasible. National scale-up of such protocols is recommended.
Retrospective study on the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on patients with type 2 diabetes in Northern Jordan
Authors: Alyahya Mohammad S , Okour Nadeen Saeed , Khader Yousef , Al‐sheyab Nihaya 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveDuring COVID-19 pandemic, complete lockdown of cities was one of the measures implemented by governments worldwide. Lockdown had a significant impact on people’s lifestyles and access and utilisation of health services. This study aimed to assess the impact of the lockdown on glycaemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Design and settingThis was a retrospective study, electronic medical records at a leading University Hospital in Northern Jordan were used to extract study data.ParticipantsAll outpatients with T2DM.Primary and secondary outcome measuresGlycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), blood glucose and lipid profile for patients with T2DM, 6 months before and 6 months after the full COVID-19 lockdown.ResultsA total of 639 patients (289 (45.2%) males and 350 (54.8%) females) were included in this study. Their age ranged from 18 to 91 years, with a mean (SD) of 59.9 (13.8) years. The overall means of HbA1c (8.41 vs 8.20, <0.001), high-density lipoprotein (1.16 vs 1.12, <0.001), low-density lipoprotein (2.81 vs 2.49, <0.001) and total cholesterol (4.45 vs 4.25, p<0.001) levels were significantly higher in the period before lockdown compared with the period after the lockdown. However, triglyceride and fasting blood glucose levels were not affected significantly after the lockdown.ConclusionsThe glycaemic control and lipid profile had significantly improved after COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. The availability of medication and medical advice delivery systems (monthly medicine deliveries) during the lockdown in Jordan might have positive impact on patients with diabetes.
Humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in haemodialysis patients and a matched cohort
Authors: Zhao Tianchen , Nishi-uchi Takamitsu , Omata Fumiya , Takita Morihito , Kawashima Moe , Nishikawa Yoshitaka , Yamamoto Chika , Kobashi Yurie , Kawamura Takeshi , Shibuya Kenji , Kazama Junichiro , Shineha Ryuzaburo , Tsubokura Masaharu 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesSARS-CoV-2 vaccination is a crucial intervention for infection control; however, the immune response to vaccination in dialysis patients has been reported to be moderate compared with healthy adults. There are few studies available on humoral response in immunised dialysis patients compared with well-matched control group, we conducted a prospective cohort study measuring SARS-CoV-2 antibody titres in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan since September 2021.ParticipantsWe compared the titres of both anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG and neutralising antibodies of 65 haemodialysis patients (dialysis group) with 500 residents in Soma, Fukushima (control group).MethodsCoarsened exact matching was used to balance sex, age and days from the second dose between dialysis and control groups.ResultsSignificant differences in the titres of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG and neutralising antibodies were observed between the dialysis and control groups; anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG: 168.35 (4.48–1074.29) AU/mL and 269.81 (4.72–945.96) AU/mL in dialysis and control groups, p=0.02, neutralising antibodies: 35.77 (2.94–826.06) AU/mL and 62.22 (0.00–535.57) AU/mL, p=0.007, respectively).ConclusionsWe observed significantly reduced anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1 antibody and neutralising antibodies in haemodialysis patients compared with cohorts matched for duration after vaccination. Patients receiving haemodialysis should be carefully monitored for immunological responses to the vaccination and COVID-19 infection.
Coronary CT and timing of invasive coronary angiography in patients ≥75 years old with non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndromes
Authors: Ratcovich Hanna , Sadjadieh Golnaz , Linde Jesper J , Joshi Francis R , Kelbæk Henning , Kofoed Klaus F , Køber Lars , Hansen Peter Riis , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Elming Hanne , Gislason Gunnar Hilmar , Høfsten Dan Eik , Engstrøm Thomas , Holmvang Lene 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThe ability of coronary CT angiography (cCTA) to rule out significant coronary artery disease (CAD) in older patients with non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTEACS) is unclear since valid cCTA analysis may be limited by extensive coronary artery calcification. In addition, the effect of very early invasive coronary angiography (ICA) with possible revascularisation is debated.MethodsThis is a posthoc analysis of patients ≥75 years included in the Very Early vs Standard Care Invasive Examination and Treatment of Patients with Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome Trial. cCTA was performed prior to the ICA. The diagnostic accuracy of cCTA was investigated. Presence of a coronary artery stenosis ≥50% by subsequent ICA was used as reference. Patients were randomised to a very early (within 12 hours of diagnosis) or a standard ICA (within 48–72 hours of diagnosis). The primary composite endpoint was 5-year all-cause mortality, non-fatal recurrent myocardial infarction or hospital admission for refractory myocardial ischaemia or heart failure.ResultsOf 452 (21%) patients ≥75 years, 161 (35.6%) underwent cCTA. 19% of cCTAs excluded significant CAD. The negative predictive value (NPV) of cCTA was 94% (95% CI 79 to 99) and the sensitivity 98% (95% CI 94 to 100). No significant differences in the frequency of primary endpoints were seen in patients randomised to very early ICA (at 5-year follow-up, n=100 (46.9%) vs 122 (51.0%), log-rank p=0.357).ConclusionIn patients ≥75 years with NSTEACS, cCTA before ICA showed a high NPV. A very early ICA <12 hours of diagnosis did not significantly improve long-term clinical outcomes.
On Doro’s conjecture for finite Moufang loops
Authors: Csörgő Piroska 
Published: November 2022

In 1978, Doro, in his paper [S. Doro, Simple moufang loops, Math. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 83 (1978) 377–392] published the following conjecture: If the nucleus of a Moufang loop is trivial, then the commutant is a normal subloop. By working in the multiplication group of the loop we prove that in case of finite Moufang loops with trivial nucleus, the commutant is normal if and only if it is trivial.
A Phase I/II Open-Label Study of Molibresib for the Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Dawson Mark A. , Borthakur Gautam , Huntly Brian J.P. , Karadimitris Anastasios , Alegre Adrian , Chaidos Aristeidis , Vogl Dan T. , Pollyea Daniel A. , Davies Faith E. , Morgan Gareth J. , Glass Jacob L. , Kamdar Manali , Mateos Maria-Victoria , Tovar Natalia , Yeh Paul , Delgado Regina García , Basheer Faisal , Marando Ludovica , Gallipoli Paolo , Wyce Anastasia , Krishnatry Anu Shilpa , Barbash Olena , Bakirtzi Evi , Ferron-Brady Geraldine , Karpinich Natalie O. , McCabe Michael T. , Foley Shawn W. , Horner Thierry , Dhar Arindam , Kremer Brandon E. , Dickinson Michael 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
Molibresib is a selective, small molecule inhibitor of the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) protein family. This was an open-label, two-part, Phase I/II study investigating molibresib monotherapy for the treatment of hematological malignancies (NCT01943851).

Patients and Methods:
Part 1 (dose escalation) determined the recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D) of molibresib in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), Non–Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), or multiple myeloma. Part 2 (dose expansion) investigated the safety and efficacy of molibresib at the RP2D in patients with relapsed/refractory myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS; as well as AML evolved from antecedent MDS) or cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). The primary endpoint in Part 1 was safety and the primary endpoint in Part 2 was objective response rate (ORR).

Results:
There were 111 patients enrolled (87 in Part 1, 24 in Part 2). Molibresib RP2Ds of 75 mg daily (for MDS) and 60 mg daily (for CTCL) were selected. Most common Grade 3+ adverse events included thrombocytopenia (37%), anemia (15%), and febrile neutropenia (15%). Six patients achieved complete responses [3 in Part 1 (2 AML, 1 NHL), 3 in Part 2 (MDS)], and 7 patients achieved partial responses [6 in Part 1 (4 AML, 2 NHL), 1 in Part 2 (MDS)]. The ORRs for Part 1, Part 2, and the total study population were 10% [95% confidence interval (CI), 4.8–18.7], 25% (95% CI, 7.3–52.4), and 13% (95% CI, 6.9–20.6), respectively.

Conclusions:
While antitumor activity was observed with molibresib, use was limited by gastrointestinal and thrombocytopenia toxicities. Investigations of molibresib as part of combination regimens may be warranted.
ETV6 Deficiency Unlocks ERG-Dependent Microsatellite Enhancers to Drive Aberrant Gene Activation in B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Kodgule Rohan , Goldman Joshua W. , Monovich Alexander C. , Saari Travis , Aguilar Athalee R. , Hall Cody N. , Rajesh Niharika , Gupta Juhi , Chu Shih-Chun A. , Ye Li , Gurumurthy Aishwarya , Iyer Ashwin , Brown Noah A. , Chiang Mark Y. , Cieslik Marcin P. , Ryan Russell J.H. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Distal enhancers play critical roles in sustaining oncogenic gene-expression programs. We identify aberrant enhancer-like activation of GGAA tandem repeats as a characteristic feature of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) with genetic defects of the ETV6 transcriptional repressor, including ETV6–RUNX1+ and ETV6-null B-ALL. We show that GGAA repeat enhancers are direct activators of previously identified ETV6–RUNX1+/− like B-ALL “signature” genes, including the likely leukemogenic driver EPOR. When restored to ETV6-deficient B-ALL cells, ETV6 directly binds to GGAA repeat enhancers, represses their acetylation, downregulates adjacent genes, and inhibits B-ALL growth. In ETV6-deficient B-ALL cells, we find that the ETS transcription factor ERG directly binds to GGAA microsatellite enhancers and is required for sustained activation of repeat enhancer-activated genes. Together, our findings reveal an epigenetic gatekeeper function of the ETV6 tumor suppressor gene and establish microsatellite enhancers as a key mechanism underlying the unique gene-expression program of ETV6–RUNX1+/− like B-ALL.

Significance:
We find a unifying mechanism underlying a leukemia subtype-defining gene-expression signature that relies on repetitive elements with poor conservation between humans and rodents. The ability of ETV6 to antagonize promiscuous, nonphysiologic ERG activity may shed light on other roles of these key regulators in hematolymphoid development and human disease.
See related commentary by Mercher, p. 2.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1
Rewriting a Contentious Omen
Authors: Woods David 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates why Tacitus dates the alleged appearance of the phoenix in Egypt during the reign of the emperor Tiberius to AD 34 in contrast to Pliny the Elder and Dio who date it to AD 36. It argues that the appearance of the phoenix had originally been invented as an omen not so much of the death of Tiberius, but of the succession of Caligula, and that a later source changed the date of this alleged appearance and cast doubt on its validity in order to deprive Caligula of an omen that had seemed to characterize his reign as a time of renewal. Tacitus then followed this source.
Les notices d’Abū Qaṭīfa et Maʿbad comme introduction au Kitāb al-Aġānī
Authors: Bertrand Loïc 
Published: November 2022

Résumé
Si l’on en croit al-Iṣfahānī, c’est à la présence d’Abū Qaṭīfa parmi les auteurs des trois premières chansons choisies que le Kitāb al-Aġānī doit en partie sa structure si singulière : l’auteur des vers de la première chanson n’étant ni le plus grand ni le plus ancien des poètes, le livre ne pouvait adopter une progression thématique, ni chronologique, ni hiérarchique. Cet article fait l’hypothèse que le premier couple de notices biographiques (celles d’Abū Qaṭīfa et Maʿbad) du Kitāb al-Aġānī a valeur de pacte de lecture et porte un commentaire auctorial général sur l’ouvrage. Nous montrons l’importance de la réflexivité comme principe de composition et de lecture à partir de trois thèmes introduits par la première chanson : la nostalgie, le fait de se défendre soi-même de l’abaissement et du mépris, et la capacité à garder le secret. Ces thèmes reçoivent, dans les deux notices qui suivent, un écho tel qu’ils se laissent lire comme l’exergue de l’ouvrage.
Tashbih: The Logic of Annihilation of the Other
Authors: Badran Yazan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Tashbih, in Syrian vernacular, has long referred to a diverse constellation of practices and acts—invariably illegal and often articulated with violence or the threat of violence—perpetrated by individuals and groups, the Shabbiha, with deep (often kin-based) ties to the Baathist regime of President Hafez al-Assad and later his son, Bashar al-Assad. The ebb and flow of the role played by the Shabbiha since then and the meaning of Tashbih in Syria’s political culture has followed closely the fortunes of their patron, the Assad regime. This article will sketch the origins of the term, its underlying practices and antagonisms, and trace the fluctuation and diffusion of its meaning and application particularly following the 2011 uprising in Syria.
Al-nuzuh: Displacement as Keyword
Authors: McManus Anne-Marie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In 2022, more than half of Syria’s population have been displaced as they escaped from the destruction of their homes and livelihoods, forced resettlement, terror and overall defeat. This article focuses on the keyword al-nuzuh (displacement). It explores how al-nuzuh generates new representational codes for Syrian and Syrian-Palestinian experiences concerning the politics of displacement and an accumulated sense of loss. These codes encompass the material hardships of displacement but also make visible Syrians’ and Syrian-Palestinians’ affective, social, and existential experiences of precarity and abandonment. In this sense, my explanation of al-nuzuh departs from humanitarian and conflict management discourses to center on the perspectives of those who feel defeated in Syria and its diaspora. The article explores cultural production by Syrians and Syrian-Palestinians and how they relate to new forms of memory and collectivity about uprooting and defeat. These forms reject existing rhetorical modes of depicting mass displacement to re-write the connections between the contemporary destruction of social worlds in Syria and earlier in the former and Palestine since 1948.
Characteristics of Dust Storms Generated by Trapped Waves in the Lee of Mountains
Authors: Evan Amato T. , Porter William C. , Clemesha Rachel , Kuwano Alex , Frouin Robert 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In situ observations and output from a numerical model are utilized to examine three dust outbreaks that occurred in the northwestern Sonoran Desert. Via analysis of these events, it is shown that trapped waves generated in the lee of an upwind mountain range produced high surface wind speeds along the desert floor and the observed dust storms. Based on analysis of observational and model output, general characteristics of dust outbreaks generated by trapped waves are suggested, including dust-layer depths and concentrations that are dependent upon wave phase and height above the surface, emission and transport associated with the presence of a low-level jet, and wave-generated high wind speeds and thus emission that occurs far downwind of the wave source. Trapped lee waves are ubiquitous in Earth’s atmosphere and thus it is likely that the meteorological aspects of the dust storms examined here are also relevant to understanding dust in other regions. These dust outbreaks occurred near the Salton Sea, an endorheic inland body of water that is rapidly drying due to changes in water-use management. As such, these findings are also relevant in terms of understanding how future changes in size of the Salton Sea will impact dust storms and air quality there.

Significance Statement
Dust storms are ubiquitous in Earth’s atmosphere, yet the physical processes underlying dust emission and subsequent transport are not always understood, in part due to the wide variety of meteorological processes that can generate high winds and dust. Here we use in situ measurements and numerical modeling to demonstrate that vertically trapped atmospheric waves generated by air flowing over a mountain are one such mechanism that can produce dust storms. We suggest several features of these dust outbreaks that are specific to their production by trapped waves. As the study area is a region undergoing rapid environmental change, these results are relevant in terms of predicting future dust there.
Comparison of Moisture Sources and Sinks Estimated with Different Versions of FLEXPART and FLEXPART-WRF Models Forced with ECMWF Reanalysis Data
Authors: Fernández-Alvarez José C. , Vázquez Marta , Pérez-Alarcón Albenis , Nieto Raquel , Gimeno Luis 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Moisture transport and changes in the source–sink relationship play a vital role in the atmospheric branch of the hydrological cycle. Lagrangian approaches have emerged as the dominant tool to account for estimations of moisture sources and sinks; those that use the FLEXPART model fed by ERA-Interim reanalysis are most commonly used. With the release of the higher spatial resolution ERA5, it is crucial to compare the representation of moisture sources and sinks using the FLEXPART Lagrangian model with different resolutions in the input data, as well as its version for WRF-ARW input data, the FLEXPART-WRF. In this study, we compare this model for 2014 and moisture sources for the Iberian Peninsula and moisture sinks of North Atlantic and Mediterranean. For comparison criteria, we considered FLEXPARTv9.0 outputs forced by ERA-Interim reanalysis as “control” values. It is concluded that FLEXPARTv10.3 forced with ERA5 data at various horizontal resolutions (0.5° and 1°) represents moisture source and sink zones as represented forced by ERA-Interim (1°). In addition, the version fed with the dynamic downscaling WRF-ARW outputs (∼20 km), previously forced with ERA5, also represents these patterns accurately, allowing this tool to be used in future investigations at higher resolutions and for regional domains.

Significance Statement
The FLEXPART dispersion model forced with ERA5 reanalysis data at various resolutions represents moisture source and sink zones compared to when it is forced by ERA-Interim. When the Weather Research and Forecasting Model is used to dynamically downscale ERA5, FLEXPART-WRF can also represent moisture sources and sinks, allowing this tool to be used in future investigations requiring higher resolution and regional domains and on regions with a predominance of complex orography due to its ability to represent local moisture transport.