bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salivary fluoride concentration following toothbrushing with and without rinsing: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Albahrani Marwah M. , Alyahya Asma , Qudeimat Muawia A. , Toumba K. Jack 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Caries prevalence has declined significantly since the introduction of fluoridated toothpaste. There have been several developments regarding specific active fluoride ingredients but not enough evidence to support one over the other. The purpose of this double-blind randomized controlled trial was to compare salivary fluoride concentrations of different fluoride formulations in the form of toothpaste with and without post-brushing water rinsing in adults.

Methods
The study included 120 participants who were randomly assigned to one of 12 groups (10 participants/group). The toothpaste formulas investigated included (1) fluoride-free (0 ppmF); (2) sodium fluoride (1450 ppmF); (3) sodium monofluorophosphate (1450 ppmF); (4) sodium fluoride and monofluorophosphate combined (1450 ppmF); (5) stannous fluoride and sodium fluoride combined (1450 ppmF); and (6) amine fluoride (1400 ppmF). Block randomisation was used to assign each participant to one of the 12 groups. Participants brushed with 1.0 g of one of the six different toothpaste formulations either with or without post-brushing water rinsing. Saliva was collected at six different times (baseline and at 1, 15, 30, 60, and 90 min/s post-brushing). Samples were analysed using a fluoride ion-specific sensitive electrode connected to an ion analyser.

Results
The demographic characteristics of the participants were not significantly different among the groups (P > 0.05). Time, toothpaste formulation, and post-brushing rinsing routines had significant effects on saliva fluoride retention (P < 0.05). Amine fluoride-containing toothpaste was the only formula that showed statistically significantly higher concentrations of salivary fluoride at 90 min in both the rinsing and non-rinsing groups. Sodium monofluorophosphate toothpaste did not result in a significant difference compared to the control group at any time point, in both rinsing and non-rinsing groups.

Conclusions
Based on the results from this study, no rinsing after toothbrushing in adults can be recommended when sodium monofluorophosphate containing toothpaste formula is used. It also concludes that amine fluoride resulted in a significantly higher saliva fluoride concentration at 90 min in both the rinsing and non-rinsing groups compared to other fluoride toothpaste formulations.
Registry: Protocol Registration and Results System (ClinicalTrials.gov).
Clinical trial registration number: NCT02740803 (15/04/2016).
Parent satisfaction with sustained home visiting care for mothers and children: an integrative review
Authors: Kanda Kie , Blythe Stacy , Grace Rebekah , Kemp Lynn 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Aim
To synthesise and analyse the existing literature regarding parent satisfaction with sustained home visiting care for mothers and children.

Background
Sustained home visiting is a service delivery mechanism of both prevention and intervention, in which people receive structured support services within their home environment over an extended period of months or years. For the purposes of this paper, sustained home visiting refers to in-home nursing support to address health inequities for mothers and young children. Sustained home visiting programs have been found to support improved health, wellbeing, and developmental outcomes for children and families. However, there is limited knowledge with regards to the level of parent satisfaction with care provided at home, and the factors and elements of care parents perceive to be critical to their satisfaction. It is important for healthcare practitioners to understand what practices and process parents consider to be a priority in securing their ongoing engagement.

Design
Integrative review.

Data sources
PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, Embase, and PsycINFO.

Methods
A multi-step approach was used to search and retrieve peer-reviewed studies from the databases. Study selection, data extraction, data synthesis and critical appraisal were undertaken by two independent researchers.

Results
A total of 13 studies met the inclusion criteria, including nine quantitative and four qualitative studies. The review found that parents provided with home visiting interventions had higher levels of satisfaction with care than those who received routine or facility-based care. Service dose was a factor associated with parent satisfaction, however, the direction of impact on parent satisfaction was mixed. Other elements of care parents perceived as important to service satisfaction included the nurse-client relationship, being treated with respect, empowerment, and emotional support.

Conclusion
While it is critically important that home visiting practitioners provide evidence-based care and interventions, it is equally important that services are delivered in the context of positive and empowering relationships. Further research is recommended to understand the care process and mechanisms that enhance parent satisfaction and positive experiences, providing optimal quality of care.
Lack of food intake during shift work alters the heart transcriptome and leads to cardiac tissue fibrosis and inflammation in rats
Authors: Trott Alexandra J. , Greenwell Ben J. , Karhadkar Tejas R. , Guerrero-Vargas Natali N. , Escobar Carolina , Buijs Ruud M. , Menet Jerome S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundMany epidemiological studies revealed that shift work is associated with an increased risk of a number of pathologies, including cardiovascular diseases. An experimental model of shift work in rats has additionally been shown to recapitulate aspects of metabolic disorders observed in human shift workers, including increased fat content and impaired glucose tolerance, and used to demonstrate that restricting food consumption outside working hours prevents shift work-associated obesity and metabolic disturbance. However, the way distinct shift work parameters, such as type of work, quantity, and duration, affect cardiovascular function and the underlying mechanisms, remains poorly understood. Here, we used the rat as a model to characterize the effects of shift work in the heart and determine whether they can be modulated by restricting food intake during the normal active phase.ResultsWe show that experimental shift work reprograms the heart cycling transcriptome independently of food consumption. While phases of rhythmic gene expression are distributed across the 24-h day in control rats, they are clustered towards discrete times in shift workers. Additionally, preventing food intake during shift work affects the expression level of hundreds of genes in the heart, including genes encoding components of the extracellular matrix and inflammatory markers found in transcriptional signatures associated with pressure overload and cardiac hypertrophy. Consistent with this, the heart of shift worker rats not eating during work hours, but having access to food outside of shift work, exhibits increased collagen 1 deposition and displays increased infiltration by immune cells. While maintaining food access during shift work has less effects on gene expression, genes found in transcriptional signatures of cardiac hypertrophy remain affected, and the heart of shift worker rats exhibits fibrosis without inflammation.ConclusionsTogether, our findings unraveled differential effects of food consumption on remodeled transcriptional profiles of the heart in shift worker rats. They also provide insights into how shift work affects cardiac function and suggest that some interventions aiming at mitigating metabolic disorders in shift workers may have adverse effects on cardiovascular diseases.
Promoting deceased organ and tissue donation registration in family physician waiting rooms (RegisterNow-1): a pragmatic stepped-wedge, cluster randomized controlled registry trial
Authors: Li Alvin Ho-ting , Garg Amit X. , Grimshaw Jeremy M. , Prakash Versha , Dunnett Alexie J. , Dixon Stephanie N. , Taljaard Monica , Mitchell Joanna , Naylor Kyla L. , Faulds Cathy , Bevan Rachel , Getchell Leah , Knoll Greg , Kim S. Joseph , Sontrop Jessica , Tong Allison , Bjerre Lise M. , Hyjek Karyn , Currie Donna , Edwards Susan , Sullivan Mike , Harvey-Rioux Linda , Presseau Justin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The shortage of available organs for life-saving transplants persists worldwide. While a majority support donating their organs or tissue when they die, many have not registered their wish to do so. When registered, next of kin are much more likely to follow-through with the decision to donate. In many countries, most people visit their family physician office each year and this setting is a promising, yet underused, site where more people could register for deceased organ donation. Our primary aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention to promote organ donation registration in family physician’s offices.

Methods
We developed an intervention to address barriers and enablers to organ donation registration that involved physician office reception staff inviting patients to register on a tablet in the waiting room while they waited for their appointment. We conducted a cross-sectional stepped-wedge cluster randomized controlled registry trial to evaluate the intervention. We recruited six family physician offices in Canada. All offices began with usual care and then every two weeks, one office (randomly assigned) started the intervention until all offices delivered the intervention. The primary outcome was registration for deceased organ donation in the provincial organ registration registry, assessed within the 7 days of the physician visit. At the end of the trial, we also conducted interviews with clinic staff to assess any barriers and enablers to delivering the intervention.

Results
The trial involved 24,616 patient visits by 13,562 unique patients: 12,484 visits in the intervention period and 12,132 in the control period. There was no statistically significant difference in the percentage of patients registered for deceased organ donation in the intervention versus control period (48.0% vs 46.2%; absolute difference after accounting for the secular trend: 0.12%; 95% CI: − 2.30, 2.54; p=0.92). Interviews with clinic staff indicated location of the tablet within a waiting room, patient rapport, existing registration, confidence and motivation to deliver the intervention and competing priorities as barriers and enablers to delivery.

Conclusions
Our intervention did not increase donor registration. Nonetheless, family physician offices may still remain a promising setting to develop and evaluate better interventions to increase organ donation registration.

Trial registration
NCT03213171
Human serum from SARS-CoV-2-vaccinated and COVID-19 patients shows reduced binding to the RBD of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant
Authors: Schubert Maren , Bertoglio Federico , Steinke Stephan , Heine Philip Alexander , Ynga-Durand Mario Alberto , Maass Henrike , Sammartino Josè Camilla , Cassaniti Irene , Zuo Fanglei , Du Likun , Korn Janin , Milošević Marko , Wenzel Esther Veronika , Krstanović Fran , Polten Saskia , Pribanić-Matešić Marina , Brizić Ilija , Baldanti Fausto , Hammarström Lennart , Dübel Stefan , Šustić Alan , Marcotte Harold , Strengert Monika , Protić Alen , Piralla Antonio , Pan-Hammarström Qiang , Čičin-Šain Luka , Hust Michael 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by the betacoronavirus SARS-CoV-2. In November 2021, the Omicron variant was discovered and immediately classified as a variant of concern (VOC), since it shows substantially more mutations in the spike protein than any previous variant, especially in the receptor-binding domain (RBD). We analyzed the binding of the Omicron RBD to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 receptor (ACE2) and the ability of human sera from COVID-19 patients or vaccinees in comparison to Wuhan, Beta, or Delta RBD variants.

Methods
All RBDs were produced in insect cells. RBD binding to ACE2 was analyzed by ELISA and microscale thermophoresis (MST). Similarly, sera from 27 COVID-19 patients, 81 vaccinated individuals, and 34 booster recipients were titrated by ELISA on RBDs from the original Wuhan strain, Beta, Delta, and Omicron VOCs. In addition, the neutralization efficacy of authentic SARS-CoV-2 wild type (D614G), Delta, and Omicron by sera from 2× or 3× BNT162b2-vaccinated persons was analyzed.

Results
Surprisingly, the Omicron RBD showed a somewhat weaker binding to ACE2 compared to Beta and Delta, arguing that improved ACE2 binding is not a likely driver of Omicron evolution. Serum antibody titers were significantly lower against Omicron RBD compared to the original Wuhan strain. A 2.6× reduction in Omicron RBD binding was observed for serum of 2× BNT162b2-vaccinated persons. Neutralization of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 was completely diminished in our setup.

Conclusion
These results indicate an immune escape focused on neutralizing antibodies. Nevertheless, a boost vaccination increased the level of anti-RBD antibodies against Omicron, and neutralization of authentic Omicron SARS-CoV-2 was at least partially restored. This study adds evidence that current vaccination protocols may be less efficient against the Omicron variant.
Attenuated clinical and osteoclastic phenotypes of Paget’s disease of bone linked to the p.Pro392Leu/SQSTM1 mutation by a rare variant in the DOCK6 gene
Authors: Dessay Mariam , Couture Emile , Maaroufi Halim , Fournier Frédéric , Gagnon Edith , Droit Arnaud , Brown Jacques P. , Michou Laëtitia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
We identified two families with Paget's disease of bone (PDB) linked to the p.Pro392Leu mutation within the SQSTM1 gene displaying a possible digenism. This study aimed at identifying this second genetic variant cosegregating with the p.Pro392Leu mutation and at characterizing its impact on the clinical and cellular phenotypes of PDB.

Methods
Whole exome sequencing was performed in one patient per family and two healthy controls. We compared clinical characteristics of PDB in 14 relatives from the two families. The osteoclastic phenotype was compared in in vitro differentiated osteoclasts from 31 participants carrying the DOCK6 and/or SQSTM1 variants. Tridimensional models of SQSTM1 and DOCK6 proteins were generated to evaluate the impact of these variants on their stability and flexibility. Statistical analyses were performed with Graphpad prism.

Results
Whole-exome sequencing allowed us to identify the p.Val45Ile missense variant in the DOCK6 gene in patients. In both families, the mean age at PDB diagnosis was delayed in pagetic patients carrier of the p.Val45Ile variant alone compared to those carrying the p.Pro392Leu mutation alone (67 vs. 44 years, P = 0.03). Although both p.Val45Ile and p.Pro392Leu variants gave rise to a pagetic phenotype of osteoclast versus healthy controls, the p.Val45Ile variant was found to attenuate the severity of the osteoclastic phenotype of PDB caused by the p.Pro392Leu mutation when both variants were present. The DOCK6 mRNA expression was higher in carriers of the p.Val45Ile variant than in pagetic patients without any mutations and healthy controls. Structural bioinformatics analyses suggested that the p.Pro392Leu mutation might rigidify the UBA domain and thus decrease its possible intramolecular interaction with a novel domain, the serum response factor–transcription factor (SRF-TF)-like domain, whereas the p.Val45Ile variant may decrease SRF-TF-like activity.

Conclusion
The p.Val45Ile variant may attenuate the severity of the clinical phenotype of PDB in patient carriers of both variants. In vitro, the rare variant of the DOCK6 may have a modifier effect on the p.Pro392Leu mutation, possibly via its effect on the SRF-TF-like.
Pan-cancer analysis identifies LMNB1 as a target to redress Th1/Th2 imbalance and enhance PARP inhibitor response in human cancers
Authors: Qin Haixiang , Lu Yingqiang , Du Lin , Shi Jingyan , Yin Haoli , Jiang Bo , Chen Wei , Diao Wenli , Ding Meng , Cao Wenmin , Qiu Xuefeng , Zhao Xiaozhi , Guo Hongqian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Emerging evidence suggests that LMNB1 is involved in the development of multiple cancer types. However, there is no study reporting the potential role of LMNB1 in a systematic pan-cancer manner.

Methods
The gene expression level and potential oncogenic roles of LMNB1 in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were analyzed with Tumor Immune Estimation Resource version 2 (TIMER2.0), Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis version 2 (GEPIA2), UALCAN and Sangerbox tools. Pathway enrichment analysis was carried out to explore the possible mechanism of LMNB1 on tumorigenesis and tumor progression. The therapeutic effects of LMNB1 knockdown combined with PARP inhibition on human cancers were further investigated in vitro.

Results
LMNB1 upregulation is generally observed in the tumor tissues of most TCGA cancer types, and is verified in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma using clinical specimens of our institute. High level of LMNB1 expression usually predicts poor overall survival and disease free survival for patients with tumors. Mechanically, LMNB1 level is positively correlated with CD4+ Th2 cell infiltration and DNA homologous recombination repair gene expression. In vitro experiments reveal that targeting LMNB1 has a synergistic effect on prostate cancer with PARP inhibitor treatment.

Conclusions
LMNB1 is a biomarker of CD4+ Th2 cell infiltration and DNA homologous recombination repair in human cancers. Blockage of LMNB1 combined with PARP inhibitor treatment could be a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with cancers.
Genetic polymorphisms in genes associated with drug resistance in Plasmodium vivax parasites from northeastern Myanmar
Authors: Huang Fang , Li Shigang , Tian Peng , Pu Lahpai Ja Seng , Cui Yanwen , Liu Hui , Yang Lianzhi , Bi Dahidam Yaw 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Anti-malarial drug resistance is still a major threat to malaria elimination in the Great Mekong Sub-region. Plasmodium vivax parasites resistant to anti-malarial drugs are now found in Myanmar. Molecular surveillance on drug resistance genes in P. vivax parasites from northeastern Myanmar was aimed at estimating the underlying drug resistance in this region.

Methods
Blood samples from patients with vivax malaria were collected from Laiza city in northeastern Myanmar in 2020. Drug resistance genes including Pvcrt-o, Pvmdr1, Pvdhfr and Pvdhps were amplified and sequenced. Genetic polymorphisms and haplotypes were analysed to evaluate the prevalence of mutant alleles associated with drug resistance.

Results
A total of 149 blood samples from P. vivax patients were collected. The prevalence of Pvmdr1 mutations at codons 958 and 1076 was 100.0% and 52.0%, respectively, whereas no single nucleotide polymorphism was present at codon 976. The proportions of single and double mutant types were 48.0% and 52.0%, respectively. A K10 “AAG” insertion in the Pvcrt-o gene was not detected. Mutations in Pvdhfr at codons 57, 58, 61, 99 and 117 were detected in 29.9%, 54.3%, 27.6%, 44.9% and 55.1% of the samples, respectively. Wild type was predominant (46.3%), followed by quadruple and double mutant haplotypes. Of three types of tandem repeat variations of Pvdhfr, Type B, with three copies of GGDN repeats, was the most common. Pvdhps mutations were only detected at codons 383 and 553 and the wild type Pvdhps was dominant (78.0%). Eleven haplotypes were identified when combining the mutations of Pvdhfr and Pvdhps, among which the predominant one was the wild type (33.9%), followed by double mutant alleles S58R/S117N /WT (24.6%).

Conclusions
This study demonstrated resistant P. vivax phenotypes exists in northeastern Myanmar. Continued surveillance of drug resistance markers is needed to update treatment guidelines in this region.
Surveillance of Plasmodium vivax transmission using serological models in the border areas of China–Myanmar
Authors: Yao Meixue , Xiao Lishun , Sun Xiaodong , Lin Zurui , Hao Xiao , Bai Qiong-qiong , Yin De-Hui 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
To understand the Plasmodium vivax malaria transmission intensity and to assess the effectiveness of prevention and control measures taken along the China–Myanmar border, a catalytic model was used to calculate the seroconversion rate, an important indicator of malaria transmission intensity with high sensitivity, which is particularly useful in areas of low transmission.

Methods
Five counties in Yunnan Province bordering Myanmar were selected as survey sites, and subjects were obtained in each county by stratified random sampling in 2013–2014. Fingerstick blood was collected from each subject and tested for antibodies to P. vivax Merozoite Surface Protein 1-19 (PvMSP1-19) using indirect ELISA. A catalytic conversion model was used to assess the transmission intensity of P. vivax malaria based on the maximum likelihood of generating a community seroconversion rate.

Results
A total of 3064 valid blood samples were collected. Antibody levels were positively correlated with age. The seroconversion rate (SCR) values for each village were Luoping (0.0054), Jingqiao (0.0061), Longpen (0.0087), Eluo (0.0079), Banwang (0.0042) and Banbie (0.0046), respectively.

Conclusion
Overall, the intensity of P. vivax malaria transmission in the border areas of Yunnan Province is low and not entirely consistent across counties. Consecutive serological surveys are needed to provide a sensitive evaluation of transmission dynamics and can help to confirm areas where infection is no longer present.
Quality of life and informal care burden associated with duchenne muscular dystrophy in Portugal: the COIDUCH study
Authors: Andreozzi Valeska , Labisa Pedro , Mota Melina , Monteiro Susana , Alves Rita , Almeida João , Vandewalle Björn , Felix Jorge , Buesch Katharina , Canhão Hugo , Beitia Ortiz de Zarate Igor 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
To describe the reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients and their caregiver burden and to present its relationship with disease progression.

Methods
This cross-sectional study assessed patient HRQoL with the 3-level version of the EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D-3L) and caregiver burden with the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment: General Health questionnaire. DMD patients and their caregivers were identified through Portuguese Neuromuscular Association (APN).

Results
A total of 46 DMD main caregivers, of eight ambulant and 38 non-ambulant patients, completed the questionnaires. Over half (58.7%) of all non-ambulant patients were on ventilation support, either full-time (15.2%) or non full-time (43.5%). Non-ambulant patients had a lower mean utility scores than ambulant patients (− 0.05 versus 0.51, p value < 0.001). Caregivers of non-ambulant patients reported a significant mean daily activity impairment as compared to caregivers of ambulant patients (68% versus 23%, p value < 0.001). Among non-ambulant patients, both utility scores and caregiver impairment appeared to deteriorate according to a higher need for ventilation support, however, these results were not statistically significant.

Conclusions
These results emphasise the significant negative impact that DMD progression has on the patient HRQoL, as well as caregivers’ ability to conduct their daily activities. Therapeutic options that stop or slow the disease progression could have a beneficial impact for both patients and caregivers.