bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with malignancy: a single-institute case series of eight patients
Authors: Zhang Ming-Kui , Zhang Han-Wen , Wu Qing-Yu , Xue Hui , Fan Li-Xin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The surgical strategy among patients with malignancy and coronary artery disease (CAD) remains controversial. In this study, we present the experiences of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with malignancy and analyzed the treatment outcomes.

Methods
From January 2011 to October 2021, eight patients combined with coronary artery disease and malignancy, six of them with three-vessel disease and two with anterior descending branch lesions on coronary angiography. The age ranged from 54 to 73 years (61.8 ± 7.7years). Four patients underwent CABG and staging for surgical oncology, and 2 patients underwent CABG and surgical oncology simultaneously. Four patients underwent CABG procedure with cardiopulmonary bypass (on-pump CABG), and the other patients underwent the procedure without cardiopulmonary bypass (off-pump CABG). All patients were followed up for 3 to 96 months (40.4 ± 31.5 months) postoperatively.

Results
The mean number of grafts was 2.6 ± 1.1, there was no in-hospital death, postoperative myocardial infarction, and stroke. Among the eight patients, one patient received chemotherapy and radiation before bypass surgery, which occurred postoperatively pulmonary infection, and the rest of 7 patients had no major adverse cardiovascular events during follow-up periods.

Conclusion
Based on the results of the present study, simultaneous or staged CABG and oncologic surgery according to the TNM stage of the tumor and cardiac assessment is an effective treatment for patients with severe CAD combined with malignancy.
Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2 mediated early stages of pancreatic and systemic inflammatory responses via NF-kappa B activation in acute pancreatitis
Authors: Yang Jing , Tang Xujiao , Li Baiqiang , Shi Jinsong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn acute pancreatitis, activation of inflammatory signaling, including the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, within acinar cells is known to be an early intracellular event occurring in parallel with pathologic trypsinogen activation. Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2) plays a critical role in endothelial inflammation, and our previous studies reported that S1PR2 deficiency significantly reduced the inflammatory response in liver injury under cholestasis conditions. However, the role of S1PR2 in inflammatory signaling activation within acinar cells and inflammatory responses during acute pancreatitis has not been elucidated. Here we report that S1PR2 was upregulated in the whole pancreas during acute pancreatitis. Blockade of S1PR2 by pharmacologic inhibition of S1PR2 by JTE-013 or AAV-mediated knockdown of S1PR2 improved the severity of pancreatic injury, as indicated by a significant reduction in inflammation and acinar cells death in acute pancreatitis mice. Moreover, S1PR2 is the predominant S1PRs expressed in pancreatic acinar cells and mediates NF-κB activation and the early inflammatory response within acinar cells under acute pancreatitis conditions via ROCK signaling pathways, not extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathways or p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. In addition, S1PR2 mediated macrophage NF-κB activation, migration and polarization toward the M1 phenotype. Therefore, these results demonstrated that the S1PR2-mediated early inflammatory response in acinar cells promotes the progression of acute pancreatitis, successfully linking local events to the systematic inflammatory response and leading to a novel therapeutic target for acute pancreatitis aimed at halting the progression of the inflammatory response.
Molecular insights into the heat shock proteins of the human parasitic blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni
Authors: Aguoru Nancy A. , Kirk Ruth S. , Walker Anthony J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are evolutionarily conserved proteins, produced by cells in response to hostile environmental conditions, that are vital to organism homeostasis. Here, we undertook the first detailed molecular bioinformatic analysis of these important proteins and mapped their tissue expression in the human parasitic blood fluke, Schistosoma mansoni, one of the causative agents of the neglected tropical disease human schistosomiasis.

Methods
Using bioinformatic tools we classified and phylogenetically analysed HSP family members in schistosomes, and performed transcriptomic, phosphoproteomic, and interactomic analysis of the S. mansoni HSPs. In addition, S. mansoni HSP protein expression was mapped in intact parasites using immunofluorescence.

Results
Fifty-five HSPs were identified in S. mansoni across five HSP families; high conservation of HSP sequences were apparent across S. mansoni, Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma japonicum, with S. haematobium HSPs showing greater similarity to S. mansoni than those of S. japonicum. For S. mansoni, differential HSP gene expression was evident across the various parasite life stages, supporting varying roles for the HSPs in the different stages, and suggesting that they might confer some degree of protection during life stage transitions. Protein expression patterns of HSPs were visualised in intact S. mansoni cercariae, 3 h and 24 h somules, and adult male and female worms, revealing HSPs in the tegument, cephalic ganglia, tubercles, testes, ovaries as well as other important organs. Analysis of putative HSP protein-protein associations highlighted proteins that are involved in transcription, modification, stability, and ubiquitination; functional enrichment analysis revealed functions for HSP networks in S. mansoni including protein export for HSP 40/70, and FOXO/mTOR signalling for HSP90 networks. Finally, a total of 76 phosphorylation sites were discovered within 17 of the 55 HSPs, with 30 phosphorylation sites being conserved with those of human HSPs, highlighting their likely core functional significance.

Conclusions
This analysis highlights the fascinating biology of S. mansoni HSPs and their likely importance to schistosome function, offering a valuable and novel framework for future physiological investigations into the roles of HSPs in schistosomes, particularly in the context of survival in the host and with the aim of developing novel anti-schistosome therapeutics.
Macular telangiectasia with bilateral obliterated capillaries: a case report
Authors: Samadi Melika , Azarkish Afsaneh , Riazi-Esfahani Hamid , Mahmoudi Alireza , Ebrahimiadib Nazanin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe report an otherwise healthy adult with macular telangiectasia with aneurysms, ischemia, and obliterated capillaries in both eyes.MethodsThis is a case report with a brief literature review.Case presentationA 58-year-old Iranian woman presented with a gradual decrease in vision, with recent deterioration. Past medical history was unremarkable, and best-corrected visual acuity was 3/10 in both eyes. Multimodal imaging including fundus photo, fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography, and optical coherence tomography angiography was carried out. In macula of both eyes, parafoveal telangiectasia, occluded vessels, capillary dropouts, and aneurysms were observed. While there were a dense circinate exudation and edema in the macula of the right eye and a thin and disorganized inner retinal layer in the left eye, the outer retina was intact in both eyes. En face optical coherence tomography angiography revealed capillary blunting and rarefaction in both superficial and deep capillary plexuses of retina.ConclusionOur case most probably represents a case of type 3 macular telangiectasia in the absence of any systemic association.
Use of Antibacterial Envelopes for Prevention of Infection in Neuromodulation Implantable Pulse Generators
Authors: Persad Amit R. , Ahmed Syed Uzair , Mercure-Cyr Rosalie , Waterhouse Karen , Vitali Aleksander M. 
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND:
Neuromodulation unit placement carries a historic infection rate as high as 12%. Treatment of such requires surgical removal and a long course of systemic antibiotics. Antibiotic-impregnated envelopes have been effective in preventing infection in implantable cardiac devices. At our center, 1 surgeon uses these envelopes with all implanted neuromodulation units.

OBJECTIVE:
To assess the efficacy of antibacterial envelopes in prevention of infection in neuromodulation device placement.

METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of consecutive implantable pulse generator (IPG) unit implantation with an antibacterial envelope at a single center between October 2014 and December 2019. We collected demographic data, including postoperative infections, reoperations, and complications, associated with the IPGs. This cohort was then compared with a historical cohort of consecutive patients undergoing surgery before envelope usage (October 2007-April 2014).

RESULTS:
In the pre-envelope cohort of 151 IPGs placed in 116 patients, there were 18 culture-confirmed infections (11.9%). In the antibacterial envelope cohort of 233 IPGs placed in 185 patients, there were 5 culture-confirmed infections (2.1%). The absolute risk reduction of the antibacterial envelope was 9.85% (95% CI 4.3%-15.4%, P < .01). The number needed to treat was 10.1 (95% CI 6.5-23.1, P < .01) envelopes to prevent 1 IPG infection.

CONCLUSION:
We saw a reduced rate of infections in the antibacterial envelope cohort. Although this is likely multifactorial, our results suggest a benefit of antibacterial envelopes on infection after neuromodulation surgery.
Embolization and Resection of Epidural Spinal Arteriovenous Malformations: Case Report
Authors: Abecassis Zachary A. , Emerson Samuel , Zhang Fangyi , Ghodke Basavaraj , Sekhar Laligam N. 
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE:
Spinal vascular malformations (sVMs) are relatively uncommon, accounting for 5% to 10% of all spinal cord lesions. Spetzler and Kim developed a paradigm to classify sVMs based on a variety of characteristics into 1 of 6 types, including a subcategory for exclusively epidural sVMs. There is a paucity of literature focused on this category, specifically sources describing the clinical manifestation and management of these lesions.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:
We report 2 cases of purely epidural spinal arteriovenous fistula, with an emphasis on the radiographic features and combined endovascular and microsurgical treatment. We report 2 patients known to have epidural spinal arteriovenous fistula who underwent both embolization and surgical resection between May 2019 and August 2020 at our institution. Data collected included demographic, clinical, and operative course, including age, sex, medical history, presenting symptoms, and preoperative and postoperative imaging. Both of these patients were managed with a combination of an endovascular approach for embolization of feeding arterial source and surgical exploration/resection. In both cases, no residual vascular malformation was identified, and the patients went on to be symptom free after 6 weeks.

CONCLUSION:
This report describes the use of a combination of endovascular and surgical approaches to achieve maximal benefit for 2 patients. These cases reinforce the value of a staged multimodal treatment approach in achieving good functional outcomes for patients with these rare and challenging entities.
Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Approach to Repair Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea After an Anterior Clinoidectomy for Aneurysm Clipping: Series of 4 Cases
Authors: Shaftel Kelly A. , Przybylowski Colin J. , Little Andrew S. 
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND:
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea through a pneumatized optic strut is a known potential complication after an anterior clinoidectomy that is used to microsurgically clip a proximal internal carotid artery aneurysm. The original craniotomy site can be reopened to repair the skull base defect, but this technique has disadvantages.

OBJECTIVE:
To avoid a repeat craniotomy and address the limitations of a transcranial approach, a straightforward alternative was used for skull base repair—the binostril endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach.

METHODS:
This retrospective case series describes the use of endoscopic transsphenoidal repair and outcomes for patients with CSF leaks after anterior clinoidectomy for aneurysm repair between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2019.

RESULTS:
Four adult patients (3 women and 1 man) with a mean age of 59.5 years were reviewed. Skull base repair occurred on average 24 days (range, 4-75 days) after the index operation. After demucosalization of the parasellar sphenoid sinus, the fistula in the pneumatized optic strut was reconstructed with a free nasal mucosal graft with or without an autologous muscle graft. None of the patients developed a recurrent CSF leak at a mean follow-up of 12.5 months (range, 8-22 months), and none experienced complications.

CONCLUSION:
The endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach was safe and effective for skull base repair in 4 patients with CSF rhinorrhea after an anterior clinoidectomy for aneurysm clipping.
Lwów i jego mieszkańcy w latach 1847-1850 w świetle „Pamiętników” Ksawery z Brzozowskich Grocholskiej
Authors: Kudela-Świątek Wiktoria 
Published: October 2022

LVIV AND ITS INHABITANTS IN 1847-1850 IN THE LIGHT OF THE SO-CALLED “MEMOIRS” OF KSAWERA GROCHOLSKA NEE BRZOZOWSKA
The purpose of this article includes reflection on the issue of how the so-called “Memoirs” of Ksawera Grocholska nee Brzozowska (1807-1872), a landowner from Podolia – elaborated by the Archbishop Zygmunt Szczęsny Feliński – show the life of the Polish aristocracy and landed class in Lviv in the first years after an event called in historiography as the Tarnów Slaughter (Galician Rabacja). Due to many reasons, it is a special biographical perspective. The text presents the figure of Countess Ksawera Grocholska nee Brzozowska, outlines the character of the source which should become a reference point for considerations included in this work. Furthermore, the most important endeavours that dominated the charitable activity of Countess Grocholska during her stay in Lviv have been described. These actions included purchase of a residential building for the needs of an orphanage being founded at the cloister of Sacré Coeur Sisters in Lviv, educational activities in favour of a finishing school for maidens, managed by this cloister, and philanthropic activity in aid of patriotic activists imprisoned in the Lviv jail, the so-called “Magdalenka”, and their families.
Lwów i lwowianie w czasie wojny polsko-bolszewickiej (lipiec-sierpień 1920 r.)
Authors: Mraka Ihor 
Published: October 2022

LVIV AND ITS CITIZENS DURING THE POLISH-SOVIET WAR (JULY-AUGUST 1920)
The threat of Soviet occupation of Lviv in summer 1920 forced both the civilian and military authorities to hastily prepare defense. Since the conscription into the regular army, in Lviv as well, did not bring the expected influx of recruits, the country leadership took a decision to announce the recruitment of volunteers. Despite some difficulties, several “Małopolska” divisions of the Volunteer Army were formed in Lviv. These divisions were very active and ensured law and order in the city along with regular troops. At the same time, numerous patriotic events were regularly held in Lviv. Donations for the army were constantly collected and preparations for defense were made in the city. The possibility of capturing Lviv changed significantly, though not radically, the lives of its inhabitants. Feelings of fear, outbursts of panic, evacuation of entire families became the features of everyday life in Lviv. However, catering establishments, city markets, shops, theaters, cinemas, and other facilities continued to function, although with minor adjustments.
Pathway for post-prostatectomy urinary incontinence: impact on patient confidence and satisfaction
Authors: Broom Ruth 
Published: October 2022

Background: Between 8% and 87% of prostatectomies result in urinary incontinence, with around half of patients using incontinence pads daily at 6 months. Specialist urology continence nurses at the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust created a pre- and post-surgical care pathway formalising support for these patients, which involves the provision of TENA Men (Essity) male incontinence pads. Aims: This audit aimed to assess patient satisfaction with this pathway and TENA Men pads. Methods: Patients who underwent a radical prostatectomy at NNUH between 27 April and 9 November 2021 and who required continence pads were invited to fill out an online anonymous mixed-method (mainly qualitative) survey. Results: Of 28 respondents, 71% reported incontinence after their surgical catheter was removed. Most (89%) were satisfied with the preoperative advice. Of 19 respondents to questions on confidence and satisfaction, 16 were confident that the pads they had been prescribed were helping them to manage urinary leakage, and 16 were confident or very confident that they could manage their incontinence themselves. Generally, respondents were confident that their overall and mental health had improved, and most were confident or very confident that they had less anxiety. However, less than a quarter of respondents were ‘very confident’ about going out, meeting people or exercising. All but one respondent found TENA Men pads easy to fit, and the most used words in the free-text explanations of what they most included ‘easy’, ‘discreet’, ‘comfortable’ and ‘unobtrusive’. Conclusion: The clinical pathway helped give patients undergoing radical prostatectomy confidence in their ability to manage post-surgery incontinence themselves and could be of value in other hospitals. Easy access to incontinence pads designed for the male anatomy has an important part in this.
Skin wounds in a rural setting of Côte d’Ivoire: Population-based assessment of the burden and clinical epidemiology
Authors: Toppino Simone , N’Krumah Raymond T. A. S. , Kone Bognan Valentin , Koffi Didier Yao , Coulibaly Ismaël Dognimin , Tobian Frank , Pluschke Gerd , Stojkovic Marija , Bonfoh Bassirou , Junghanss Thomas 
Published: October 2022

Background
Data on the burden and clinical epidemiology of skin wounds in rural sub-Saharan Africa is scant. The scale of the problem including preventable progression to chronic wounds, disability and systemic complications is largely unaddressed.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study combining active (household-based survey) and passive case finding (health services-based survey) to determine the burden and clinical epidemiology of wounds within the Taabo Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) in rural Côte d’Ivoire. Patients identified with wounds received free care and were invited to participate in the wound management study simultaneously carried out in the survey area. The data were analysed for wound prevalence, stratified by wound and patient characteristics.

Results
3842 HDSS-registered persons were surveyed. Overall wound prevalence derived from combined active and passive case finding was 13.0%. 74.1% (403/544) of patients were below the age of 15 years. Most frequent aetiologies were mechanical trauma (85.3%), furuncles (5.1%), burns (2.9%) and Buruli ulcer (2.2%). Most wounds were acute and smaller than 5 cm2 in size. 22.0% (176/799) of wounds showed evidence of secondary bacterial infection. 35.5% (22/62) of chronic wounds had persisted entirely neglected for years. Buruli ulcer prevalence was 2.3 per 1000 individuals and considerably higher than expected from an annual incidence of 0.01 per 1000 individuals as reported by WHO for Côte d’Ivoire at the time of the study.

Conclusions
Skin wounds are highly prevalent in rural West Africa, where they represent a widely neglected problem. The HDSS-based survey with combined active and passive case finding adopted in this study provides a better estimate than school- and health institution-based surveys which underestimate the frequency of skin wounds and, particularly, of neglected tropical diseases of the skin, such as Buruli ulcer and yaws. A comparison with country-specific WHO data suggests underreporting of Buruli ulcer cases.

Trial registration
Registration at ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03957447.
The impact of castration on physiological responses to exertional heat stroke in mice
Authors: Garcia Christian K. , Robinson Gerard P. , Gambino Bryce J. , Rua Michael T. , Laitano Orlando , Clanton Thomas L. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction
The capability of male mice to exercise in hot environments without succumbing to exertional heat stroke (EHS) is markedly blunted compared to females. Epidemiological evidence in humans and other mammals also suggests some degree of greater vulnerability to heat stroke in males compared to females. The origins of these differences are unknown, but testosterone has previously been shown to induce faster elevations in core temperature during acute, passive heat exposure. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that loss of testosterone and related sex hormones through castration would improve the performance and heat tolerance of male mice during EHS exposure.

Methods
Twenty-four male mice were randomly divided into 3 groups, untreated EHS mice (SHAM-EHS), castrated EHS mice (CAS+EHS) and naïve exercise controls (NAIVE). Exercise performance and physiological responses in the heat were monitored during EHS and early recovery. Two weeks later, blood and tissues were collected and analyzed for biomarkers of cardiac damage and testosterone.

Results
Core temperature in CAS+EHS rose faster to 39.5°C in the early stages of the EHS trial (P<0.0001). However, both EHS groups ran similar distances, exhibited similar peak core temperatures and achieved similar exercise times in the heat, prior to symptom limitation (unconsciousness). CAS+EHS mice had ~10.5% lower body mass at the time of EHS, but this provided no apparent advantage in performance. There was no evidence of myocardial damage in any group, and testosterone levels were undetectable in CAS+EHS after gonadectomy.

Conclusions
The results of these experiments exclude the hypothesis that reduced performance of male mice during EHS trials is due to the effects of male sex hormones or intact gonads. However, the results are consistent with a role of male sex hormones or intact gonads in suppressing the early and rapid rise in core temperature during the early stages of exercise in the heat.