bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Narrower clinical margin in high or very high‐risk squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective, multicenter study of 1,000 patients
Authors: Baba Natsuki , Kato Hiroshi , Nakamura Motoki , Matsushita Shigeto , Aoki Megumi , Fujimoto Noriki , Kato Takeshi , Iino Shiro , Saito Shintaro , Yasuda Masahito , Asai Jun , Ishikawa Masashi , Yatsushiro Hiroshi , Kawahara Yu , Matsuya Taisuke , Araki Ryuichiro , Teramoto Yukiko , Hasegawa Minoru , Tokunaga Takahiro , Nakamura Yasuhiro 
Published: August 2022

SummaryBackground and objectivesIn cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), adherence to guideline‐recommended fixed surgical margins is often difficult, and narrower margins are preferable. This study aimed to evaluate relapse and disease‐specific death with narrower margins for high or very high‐risk cSCC.Patients/MethodsWe retrospectively investigated high or very high‐risk cSCC patients who underwent tumor excision. Patients were divided into guideline‐recommended standard margin group (SMG) and narrower‐margin group (NMG). Co‐primary outcomes were local relapse, SCC relapse, and SCC death. Cumulative incidence function (CIF) was used to describe SCC death probability and competing risk mortality. Gray’s test was used to compare differences in CIF between the groups.ResultsIn total, 1,000 patients with cSCC (high‐risk, 570; very high‐risk, 430) were included. In the high‐risk cohort, there were no significant differences in incomplete excision rate (IER) between SMG and NMG (2.6 % vs. 3.0 %, P > 0.99). However, in the very high‐risk cohort, IER in SMG was significantly lower than in NMG (8.9 % vs. 16.2 %, P = 0.03). No significant differences were observed between SMG and NMG for local relapse (high‐risk, P = 0.56; very high‐risk, P = 0.70), SCC relapse (high‐risk, P = 0.30; very high‐risk, P = 0.47), and SCC death (high‐risk, P = 0.23; very high‐risk, P = 0.83).ConclusionsSurgical margin size has limited impact on margin control, relapse, and disease‐specific death in high‐risk cSCC.
Social determinants of health and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart failure
Authors: Vinter Nicklas , Fawzy Ameenathul M. , Gent David , Ding Wern Yew , Johnsen Søren Paaske , Frost Lars , Trinquart Ludovic , Lip Gregory Y. H. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe examined the associations between family income and educational attainment with incident atrial fibrillation (AF), myocardial infarction (MI), stroke and cardiovascular (CV) death among patients with newly‐diagnosed heart failure (HF).MethodsIn a nationwide Danish registry of HF patients diagnosed between 2008 and 2018, we established a cohort for each outcome. When examining AF, MI and stroke, respectively, patients with a history of these outcomes at diagnosis of HF were excluded. We used cause‐specific proportional hazard models to estimate hazard ratios for tertile groups of family income and three levels of educational attainment.ResultsAmong 27,947 AF‐free patients, we found no association between income or education and incident AF. Among 27,309 MI‐free patients, we found that lower income (hazard ratio 1.28 [95% CI 1.11–1.48] and 1.11 [0.96–1.28] for lower and medium vs. higher income) and education (1.23 [1.04–1.45] and 1.15 [0.97–1.36] for lower and medium vs. higher education) were associated with MI. Among 36,801 stroke‐free patients, lower income was associated with stroke (1.38 [1.23–1.56] and 1.27 [1.12–1.44] for lower and medium vs. higher income) but not education. Lower income (1.56 [1.46–1.67] and 1.32 [1.23–1.42] for lower and medium vs. higher income) and education (1.20 [1.11–1.29] and 1.07 [0.99–1.15] for lower and medium vs. higher education) were associated with CV death.ConclusionsIn patients with newly‐diagnosed HF, lower family income was associated with higher rates of acute MI, stroke and cardiovascular death. Lower educational attainment was associated with higher rates of acute MI and cardiovascular death. There was no evidence of associations between income and education with incident AF.
Characterizing the genetic basis of trait evolution in the Mexican cavefish
Authors: Oliva Camila , Hinz Nicole K. , Robinson Wayne , Barrett Thompson Alexys M. , Booth Julianna , Crisostomo Lina M. , Zanineli Samantha , Tanner Maureen , Lloyd Evan , O'Gorman Morgan , McDole Brittnee , Paz Alexandra , Kozol Rob , Brown Elizabeth B. , Kowalko Johanna E. , Fily Yaouen , Duboue Erik R. , Keene Alex C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEvolution in response to a change in ecology often coincides with various morphological, physiological, and behavioral traits. For most organisms little is known about the genetic and functional relationship between evolutionarily derived traits, representing a critical gap in our understanding of adaptation. The Mexican tetra, Astyanax mexicanus, consists of largely independent populations of fish that inhabit at least 30 caves in Northeast Mexico, and a surface fish population, that inhabit the rivers of Mexico and Southern Texas. The recent application of molecular genetic approaches combined with behavioral phenotyping have established A. mexicanus as a model for studying the evolution of complex traits. Cave populations of A. mexicanus are interfertile with surface populations and have evolved numerous traits including eye degeneration, insomnia, albinism, and enhanced mechanosensory function. The interfertility of different populations from the same species provides a unique opportunity to define the genetic relationship between evolved traits and assess the co‐evolution of behavioral and morphological traits with one another. To define the relationships between morphological and behavioral traits, we developed a pipeline to test individual fish for multiple traits. This pipeline confirmed differences in locomotor activity, prey capture, and startle reflex between surface and cavefish populations. To measure the relationship between traits, individual F2 hybrid fish were characterized for locomotor behavior, prey‐capture behavior, startle reflex, and morphological attributes. Analysis revealed an association between body length and slower escape reflex, suggesting a trade‐off between increased size and predator avoidance in cavefish. Overall, there were few associations between individual behavioral traits, or behavioral and morphological traits, suggesting independent genetic changes underlie the evolution of the measured behavioral and morphological traits. Taken together, this approach provides a novel system to identify genetic underpinnings of naturally occurring variation in morphological and behavioral traits.
First record of the agricultural pest Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Algeria
Authors: Aouari Ibtissem , Barech Ghania , Khaldi Mourad 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe spotted wing drosophila Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) could potentially become a serious invasive pest of fruit crops in the North of Africa in the coming years, leading to substantial economic losses. This pest is reported for the first time in Algeria. It was detected in M'sila in the north‐east of the country within an pomegranate agroecosystem near the salt lake Chott Zahrez Echergui. Trapping was conducted from 21 March 2018 to 23 January 2019 in two orchards. The prevalence (flies/trap/day) and population dynamics of D. suzukii and two other fruit flies (Zaprionus indianus and D. melanogaster) trapped in the same orchards are reported. Low numbers of these three fly species were found in trap samples. At present, the ecological and economic impact of D. suzukii on pomegranate are poorly known in North Africa.
Visualization and quantification of carbon “rusty sink” by rice root iron plaque: Mechanisms, functions, and global implications
Authors: Wei Liang , Zhu Zhenke , Razavi Bahar S. , Xiao Mouliang , Dorodnikov Maxim , Fan Lichao , Yuan Hongzhao , Yurtaev Andrey , Luo Yu , Cheng Weiguo , Kuzyakov Yakov , Wu Jinshui , Ge Tida 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPaddies contain 78% higher organic carbon (C) stocks than adjacent upland soils, and iron (Fe) plaque formation on rice roots is one of the mechanisms that traps C. The process sequence, extent and global relevance of this C stabilization mechanism under oxic/anoxic conditions remains unclear. We quantified and localized the contribution of Fe plaque to organic matter stabilization in a microoxic area (rice rhizosphere) and evaluated roles of this C trap for global C sequestration in paddy soils. Visualization and localization of pH by imaging with planar optodes, enzyme activities by zymography, and root exudation by 14C imaging, as well as upscale modeling enabled linkage of three groups of rhizosphere processes that are responsible for C stabilization from the micro‐ (root) to the macro‐ (ecosystem) levels. The 14C activity in soil (reflecting stabilization of rhizodeposits) with Fe2+ addition was 1.4–1.5 times higher than that in the control and phosphate addition soils. Perfect co‐localization of the hotspots of β‐glucosidase activity (by zymography) with root exudation (14C) showed that labile C and high enzyme activities were localized within Fe plaques. Fe2+ addition to soil and its microbial oxidation to Fe3+ by radial oxygen release from rice roots increased Fe plaque (Fe3+) formation by 1.7–2.5 times. The C amounts trapped by Fe plaque increased by 1.1 times after Fe2+ addition. Therefore, Fe plaque formed from amorphous and complex Fe (oxyhydr)oxides on the root surface act as a “rusty sink” for organic matter. Considering the area of coverage of paddy soils globally, upscaling by model revealed the radial oxygen loss from roots and bacterial Fe oxidation may trap up to 130 Mg C in Fe plaques per rice season. This represents an important annual surplus of new and stable C to the existing C pool under long‐term rice cropping.
Ultraviolet transmission microscopy for the imaging of topical sunscreen emulsions
Authors: Crowther Jonathan M. , Schütz Rolf , Vollhardt Jürgen H. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveMicroscopy is widely used during the development and testing of topical formulations; however, it often lacks the ability to be chemically specific with regard to what is being imaged. This article describes how moving outside of the visible light region and into different parts of the ultraviolet (UV) spectrum enables differently UV absorbing components in topical emulsions to be directly visualized using optical transmission microscopy.MethodsOptical transmission microscopy of different sunscreen emulsions was carried out using a custom‐built microscope, imaging in the UVB (313 nm), UVA (365 nm) and visible light (546 nm) and with different magnifications.ResultsBy using light of different wavelengths, direct visualization of different UV absorbing ingredients within the product emulsion using optical transmission microscopy has been performed and the locations of the UV absorbing actives in the formulations imaged.ConclusionsMicroscopy has long been a valuable tool for the skin researcher, providing structural information about the products and how they perform. By moving outside of the spectral region of visible light and into the UV, it has been possible for the first time to directly image different SPF ingredients within topical formulations using optical microscopy.
On how to identify a seminal fluid protein: A response to Wigby et al.
Authors: Hurtado Juan , Almeida Francisca Cunha , Belliard Silvina Anahí , Revale Santiago , Hasson Esteban 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe choice of criteria to delimit a group or class is a subjective matter, even though the reasoning, the objectives and the criteria themselves should always be clearly stated. This paper is part of a discussion about the criteria used to identify seminal fluid proteins (SFPs) in Drosophila species. SFPs are proteins that are transferred to females during copulation together with sperm. The only way to ascertain that a protein is an SFP is to prove that it is produced in a male reproductive organ and is found in the female reproductive tract after insemination. Nevertheless, the required methodology is labour‐intensive and expensive, and therefore this kind of data is unlikely to be available for many species, precluding comparative and evolutionary studies on the subject. To conduct evolutionary analyses, in a previous study, we capitalized on the accumulated knowledge we have in the model species D. melanogaster to recommend a set of criteria for identifying candidate SFPs in other Drosophila species. Those criteria, based on transcriptomic evidence and in silico predictions from sequences, would allow a good balance between sensitivity (the inclusion of true SFPs) and specificity (the exclusion of false positives). In view of the criticism raised by another group, here we defend our criteria on one hand while accepting there is room for improvement on the other. The results are updated sets of criteria and SFPs that we believe can be useful in future evolutionary studies.
Identification of antibacterial metabolites produced by a marine bacterium Halobacillus marinus HMALI004
Authors: Ali Sardar , Cai Runlin , Feng Hao , Xie Jianmin , Zhang Yueling , Wang Hui 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Aims
This study examined and characterized the extract for metabolites of Halobacillus marinus HMALI004 to understand their antibacterial activities against opportunistic marine pathogens, that is, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio cholerae.

Methods and Results
The bacterial strain HMALI004 was characterized as H. marinus, and an antibacterial spectral test revealed its inhibition against two opportunistic marine pathogens (V. parahaemolyticus and V. cholera). Fermentation broth of strain HMALI004 was subjected to column chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography to separate antibacterial substances. Two compounds were successfully isolated and identified as 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid and 4-chloro-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid by mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance. The minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) values of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid and 4-chloro-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid for V. parahaemolyticus were 25 μg/ml, while their MIC values for V. cholerae were 50 and 100 μg/ml, respectively. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) production of two pathogen strains treated with 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid and 4-chloro-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid were detected to investigate the antimicrobial mechanism. The results suggested that 4-chloro-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid exerted enhanced ROS production in V. parahaemolyticus, whereas 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid had a weaker effect. Both compounds caused a significant rise in ROS production in V. cholerae, causing severe damage to the cell wall and cytoplasm, leading to cell death.

Conclusions
The bacterium H. marinus HMALI004 was isolated from a shrimp pond and was found to produce antimicrobial compounds, which could inhibit the growth of opportunistic marine pathogens V. parahaemolyticus and V. cholerae by increasing ROS.

Significance and Impact of the Study
Successfully isolated antibacterial-producing strain, H. marinus HMALI004, and its antimicrobial compounds could be used as biological control agents for marine pathogens.
The advantage of the mini‐electrode‐equipped catheter for the radiofrequency ablation of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia
Authors: Choi Young , Kim Sung‐Hwan , Kim Hwajung , Park Jeong‐Wook , Ha Young Woong , Hwang Youmi , Kim Ji‐Hoon , Jang Sung‐Won , Oh Yong‐Seog 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionNovel ablation catheters equipped with mini‐electrodes (ME) offer high resolution mapping for target tissue. This study aimed to evaluate the mapping performance and efficacy of ME catheters in radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardias (PSVTs).MethodsWe prospectively enrolled 136 patients undergoing RFA of PSVT including 76 patients with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) and 60 patients with atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT) or Wolff−Parkinson−White (WPW) syndrome. Patients were randomized to the ME group (ablation using ME catheters) or the control group (ablation using conventional catheters). The number of ablation attempt and cumulative ablation time to ablation endpoints, which was defined as an emergence of junctional rhythm in AVNRT or accessory pathway (AP) block in AVRT/WPW syndromes were compared.ResultsDuring ablation procedures, discrete slow pathway or AP electrograms were found in 27 (39.7%) patients in the ME group and 13 (19.1%) patients in the control group. The primary study outcomes were significantly lower in the ME group (ablation attempt number: 2.0 [1–4] vs. 3.0 [2–7] in the ME and control group, p = .032; ablation time: 23.5 [5.0–111.5] vs. 64.5 [16.0–185.0] s, p = .013). According to the PSVT diagnosis, ablation time to junctional rhythm was significantly shorter in the ME group in AVNRT. In AVRT/WPW syndrome, both ablation attempt number and ablation time to AP block were nonsignificantly lower in the ME group.ConclusionThe novel ME catheter was advantageous for identifying pathway potentials and reducing initial ablation attempt number and ablation time to reach acute ablation endpoint for PSVTs (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04215640).
Knowledge and practice of dentists in processing polishing points: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: de Paula Vargas Renata , Naves Karinne Spirandelli Carvalho , Paranhos Luiz Renato , Vidigal Maria Tereza Campos , dos Reis Giselle Rodrigues , de Sousa Menezes Murilo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAdequately processing polishing points used to polish composite resin restorations is necessary for microbiological control in dentistry, but there is no specific protocol to guide professionals. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice of dentists in processing these instruments.MethodsThis cross‐sectional observational study included the application of an online questionnaire via Google Forms and social media promotion. The study evaluated the association of field of activity, time since graduation, age, and sex of professionals with processing practice. The statistical analysis was performed with absolute and relative frequencies and logistic and Poisson regressions at a 5% significance level.ResultsOverall, 473 questionnaires were analyzed. A rate of 51% of professionals reported using inadequate processing methods, and almost 68% claimed to have good knowledge of the topic. Both regression analyses were significantly associated, showing a direct effect of age and time since graduation on adequate processing practices.ConclusionsAlthough most professionals reported understanding the processing of polishing points, they do not perform it most adequately.Clinical SignificanceAn expressive number of dentists process polishing points improperly. The topic is significant for representing a semi‐critical instrument extensively used in esthetic restorations.
Recent advances in radio frequency, pulsed light, and cold plasma technologies for food safety
Authors: Obileke KeChrist , Onyeaka Helen , Miri Taghi , Nwabor Ozioma Forstinus , Hart Abarasi , Al‐Sharify Zainab T. , Al‐Najjar Shahad , Anumudu Christian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIt has been the heartbeat of researchers and food engineers to discover the appropriate and effective technology for microbial control to ensure the safety of food. This is because microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa can cause contamination in food products. Many studies have published reviews on the use of single novel technology such as radio frequency (RF), pulsed light (PL), and cold plasma (CP) to process food to ensure food safety. However, no review has provided a comprehensive, detailed overview of the RF, PL, and CP treatments for pasteurizing food products in one publication. This study aims to review and present the future directions of RF, PL, and CP applications in light of various aspects of these technologies. The review concluded that although no novel technique (thermal or nonthermal) could adequately meet all the requirements for food safety, traditional thermal processes can be extremely useful in reducing and eliminating microbe contamination. However, they cannot be applied to temperature‐sensitive foods. Besides inactivating microbial spores, traditional thermal processes can denature proteins as well as organoleptic properties, such as taste, nutritional value, and sensory characteristics, illustrating the importance of these novel technologies as an alternative to heat‐based techniques. As a result of this study, hurdle technology is recommended since it has an additive effect and achieves better germicidal results.
High rate of Ki‐67 increase in entero‐pancreatic NET relapses after surgery with curative intent
Authors: Merola Elettra , Perren Aurel , Rinke Anja , Zerbi Alessandro , McNamara Mairéad G. , Arsenic Ruza , Fazio Nicola , de Herder Wouter , Valle Juan W. , Gress Thomas M. , Wiedenmann Bertram , Pascher Andreas , Pavel Marianne E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNeuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) present with advanced disease at diagnosis in up to 28% of cases, precluding the possibility of curative‐intent surgery. Histopathological heterogeneity of this disease can be observed inter‐individually as well as intra‐individually during disease course. The present study aimed to assess the frequency of Ki‐67 change after radical surgery, in a series of patients with radically resected entero‐pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (EP‐NETs).We present the analysis of a multicenter, retrospective, series of EP‐NETs G1–G2 recurring after radical resection and with histological re‐evaluation at disease recurrence (DR). The primary endpoint was the description of Ki‐67 change at DR compared to time of surgery. The secondary endpoint was assessment of recurrence‐free survival (RFS) rates. In total, 47 patients had a second histological evaluation and could be included in the present study. Median Ki‐67 at surgery was 3% (range 1–15%) but, at DR, a significant increase in the value was observed (7%, range 1–30%; p < .01) and involved 66.0% of cases, with a corresponding increase in tumor grading in 34.0% (p = .05). Median RFS of the overall population was 40 months, and was worse when Ki‐67 increased at DR vs. stable Ki‐67 value (36 vs. 61 months, respectively; p = .02). In conclusion, in more than half of the cases with relapse after radical surgery, a higher proliferative index with a potentially more aggressive potential was observed. Therefore, histological reassessment should be considered on DR because tailored therapeutic strategies may be required for these patients.