bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Place Relations of Mobile People: National and Local Identification of Highly Skilled Migrants in Wrocław, Poland
Authors: Bielewska Agnieszka 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article discusses the difference between the construction of national and local identifications related to the new place of residence. It shows that local identification is more inclusive than national, and therefore may be a key to strengthening social cohesion. National and local identities can both be seen as forms of place identification (i.e., of spatial or territorial identity). The article builds on qualitative research on highly skilled migrants living in Wrocław, Poland. The empirical data shows that these migrants would rather obtain a city identification and call themselves Wrocławianie (inhabitants of Wrocław), and do not want, or only partially want, Polish national identity. Living in and experiencing Wrocław makes them feel like insiders, while experiencing Poland positions them as outsiders. While national identity is built around the difference between “us” and “them”, local identity focuses on gaining knowledge about the particularity of a place and therefore allows for acceptance of heterogeneity and is easier for migrants to obtain.
ACCELERATOR MASS SPECTROMETRY DATING OF MEADOWCROFT ROCKSHELTER MAIZE
Authors: Hart John P , Adovasio J M 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTThe Meadowcroft Rockshelter in southwestern Pennsylvania is best known for its pre-Clovis occupation. Potentially important for later times is the recovery of maize macrobotanical remains from higher strata dating as early as the 4th century BC based on radiometric radiocarbon (14C) dates on wood charcoal. These remains have been considered to be potentially as old as the earliest microbotanical evidence for maize in Michigan, New York and Québec recovered from directly dated charred cooking residues adhering to pottery. The results of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating 17 samples from maize specimens from all Meadowcroft strata producing maize, indicate that the specimens originated from historical use of the shelter, most likely after AD 1800. These results further emphasize the need to obtain direct dates on maize macrobotanical remains recovered from early contexts prior to the development and common use of AMS dating.
ON FINE SELMER GROUPS AND SIGNED SELMER GROUPS OF ELLIPTIC MODULAR FORMS
Authors: LEI ANTONIO , LIM MENG FAI 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLetfbe an elliptic modular form andpan odd prime that is coprime to the level off. We study the link between divisors of the characteristic ideal of thep-primary fine Selmer group offover the cyclotomic$\mathbb {Z}_p$extension of$\mathbb {Q}$and the greatest common divisor of signed Selmer groups attached tofdefined using the theory of Wach modules. One of the key ingredients of our proof is a generalisation of a result of Wingberg on the structure of fine Selmer groups of abelian varieties with supersingular reduction atpto the context of modular forms.
Phenotypic plasticity, genetic structure and systematic position ofNeoechinorhynchus emyditoidesFisher, 1960 (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae): a parasite of emydid turtles from the Nearctic and Neotropical regions
Authors: Sereno-Uribe Ana Lucia , López-Jiménez Alejandra , González-García Marcelo Tonatiuh , Pinacho-Pinacho Carlos Daniel , Macip Ríos Rodrigo , García-Varela Martín 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe taxonomy of the 10 recognizedNeoechinorhynchusspecies associated with emydid turtles is complex due to the morphological conservatism. In the present study, specimens ofN. emyditoidesfrom northern and southeastern Mexico exhibit great phenotypic plasticity on its diagnostic characteristics. We sequenced three molecular markers: the internal transcribed spacers ITS1, ITS2 and 5.8S gene, the D2 + D3 domains of the large subunit from nuclear DNA and cytochromecoxidase subunit I (cox1) from mitochondrial DNA. Sequences of the nuclear molecular markers were aligned and compared with other congeneric species associated with emydids available in GenBank. Phylogenetic analyses supported the polyphyly ofNeoechinorhynchus. The species from emydids formed a clade, which was subdivided into five subclades that correspond with each species analysed (N. pseudemydis,N. chrysemydis,N. emydis,N. schmidtiandN. emyditoides). To understand better the genetic structure ofN. emyditoidesa haplotype network was inferred with 29cox1sequences, revealing the presence of 13 haplotypes, two of which were shared and 11 were unique. The high values of fixation index,Fst(0.4227–0.8925) detected between the two populations from southeastern and the two from northern Mexico indicated low genetic flow among the populations. Our data suggest that theNeoechinorhynchusspecies associated with emydid turtles diversified in the eastern USA and that ofN. emyditoidesexpanded its distribution range reached southeastern Mexico.
Moving ‘out’ to be ‘in’: the suburbanization of London Jewry, 1900–1939
Authors: Ewence Hannah 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBetween 1900 and 1939, Jewish Londoners departed the East End for the suburbs. Relocation, however, was not always the result of individual agency. Many Jews became the object of institutional strategies to coerce and persuade them to disperse away from inner-city areas. Simultaneous to this was the emergence of a dominant pro-suburban rhetoric within and beyond Jewish cultural circles, which aimed to raise aspirations towards middle-class lifestyles. This striking suburban ‘urge’ amongst London Jewry, managed by the community's elite institutions and leaders, was far more than a phenomenon running parallel to wider British society. As this article argues, it was a decisive response to an insidious culture of intolerance and antisemitism.
Radiographic and histologic characterisation of white matter injury in a sheep model of CHD
Authors: Lawrence Kendall M. , Radaelli Enrico , McGovern Patrick E. , Licht Daniel J. , Davey Marcus G. , Flake Alan W. , Gaynor J. William , Vossough Arastoo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNearly one in five children with CHD is born with white matter injury that can be recognised on postnatal MRI by the presence of T1 hyperintense lesions. This pattern of white matter injury is known to portend poor neurodevelopmental outcomes, but the exact aetiology and histologic characterisation of these lesions have never been described. A fetal sheep was cannulated at gestational age 110 days onto a pumpless extracorporeal oxygenator via the umbilical vessels and supported in a fluid environment for 14.5 days. The fetus was supported under hypoxic conditions (mean oxygen delivery 16 ml/kg/day) to simulate the in utero conditions of CHD. At necropsy, the brain was fixed, imaged with MRI, and then stained to histologically identify areas of injury. Under hypoxemic in utero conditions, the fetus developed a T1 hyperintense lesion in its right frontal lobe. Histologically, this lesion was characterised by microvascular proliferation and astrocytosis without gliosis. These findings may provide valuable insight into the aetiology of white matter injury in neonates with CHD.
Enacting a depoliticised alterity: law and traditional medicine at the World Health Organization
Authors: Ashworth Michael , Cloatre Emilie 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper interrogates the depoliticising effects of a seemingly neutral regulatory drive at the heart of the World Health Organization (WHO)'s promotion of traditional medicine. Emerging at WHO in the late 1960s against a political backdrop of decolonisation and pan-Africanism, traditional medicine has continued to be promoted in subsequent decades, culminating in the latest global Traditional Medicine Strategy (2014 to 2023). Yet WHO's promotion and acceptance of traditional medicine have also become increasingly conditional upon its standardisation and regulation – something that appears fundamentally at odds with traditional medicine's heterogeneity. Drawing on insights from critical law and science and technology studies, we suggest that such a process at WHO has done more than simply disqualify the toxic and the dangerous. Rather, it has implicitly and explicitly marginalised and excluded those aspects of traditional medicine that deviate from scientific, biomedical ways of seeing, knowing and organising.
Preventing the mental health consequences of war in refugee populations
Authors: Barbui Corrado , Purgato Marianna , Acarturk Ceren , Churchill Rachel , Cuijpers Pim , Koesters Markus , Sijbrandij Marit , Välimäki Maritta , Wancata Johannes , White Ross G. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The refugee experience is associated with several potentially traumatic events that increase the risk of developing mental health consequences, including worsening of subjective wellbeing and quality of life, and risk of developing mental disorders. Here we present actions that countries hosting forcibly displaced refugees may implement to decrease exposure to potentially traumatic stressors, enhance subjective wellbeing and prevent the onset of mental disorders. A first set of actions refers to the development of reception conditions aiming to decrease exposure to post-migration stressors, and a second set of actions refers to the implementation of evidence-based psychological interventions aimed at reducing stress, preventing the development of mental disorders and enhancing subjective wellbeing.
Effects of Substrate Composition and Subsurface Fluid Pathways on the Geochemistry of Seafloor Hydrothermal Deposits at the Lucky Strike Vent Field, Mid‐Atlantic Ridge
Authors: Sánchez‐Mora Dennis , Jamieson John , Cannat Mathilde , Escartín Javier , Barreyre Thibaut 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Lucky Strike vent field, located on the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge (MAR), is hosted on enriched mid‐ocean ridge basalt associated with the nearby Azores hotspot. In this study, we present bulk rock geochemistry coupled with in situ sulfur isotope analysis of hydrothermal samples from Lucky Strike. We assess the geological controls on the differences in the major and trace element content and sulfur isotopic composition of the hydrothermal deposits within the vent field. The hydrothermal deposits contain elevated concentrations of elements typically enriched in mid‐ocean basalt (E‐MORB), such as Mo, Ba, and Sr, compared to typical values for other hydrothermal deposits hosted on the MAR. The range in sulfur isotope compositions of hydrothermal marcasite and chalcopyrite (−2.5 to 8.7‰) is similar to the range recorded at other sediment‐free basalt‐hosted seafloor hydrothermal sites. However, at Lucky Strike, the Capelinhos vent, situated 1.4 km east of the main field, is enriched in 34S (by ∼3.5‰ for both marcasite and chalcopyrite), relative to the main field. This difference reflects contrasting subseafloor fluid/rock interactions at these two sites, including subseafloor sulfide precipitation at the main field that results in <20% of reduced sulfur within the upwelling hydrothermal fluid reaching the seafloor. We also compare the geochemistry of the hydrothermal deposits at Lucky Strike to other hydrothermal sites along the MAR and show that the average hydrothermal deposit Ba/Co is useful to discriminate between E‐MORB and other mafic/ultramafic hosted deposits.
NASA GEOS Composition Forecast Modeling System GEOS‐CF v1.0: Stratospheric Composition
Authors: Knowland K. E. , Keller C. A. , Wales P. A. , Wargan K. , Coy L. , Johnson M. S. , Liu J. , Lucchesi R. A. , Eastham S. D. , Fleming E. , Liang Q. , Leblanc T. , Livesey N. J. , Walker K. A. , Ott L. E. , Pawson S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe NASA Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) Composition Forecast (GEOS‐CF) provides recent estimates and 5‐day forecasts of atmospheric composition to the public in near‐real time. To do this, the GEOS Earth system model is coupled with the GEOS‐Chem tropospheric‐stratospheric unified chemistry extension (UCX) to represent composition from the surface to the top of the GEOS atmosphere (0.01 hPa). The GEOS‐CF system is described, including updates made to the GEOS‐Chem UCX mechanism within GEOS‐CF for improved representation of stratospheric chemistry. Comparisons are made against balloon, lidar, and satellite observations for stratospheric composition, including measurements of ozone (O3) and important nitrogen and chlorine species related to stratospheric O3 recovery. The GEOS‐CF nudges the stratospheric O3 toward the GEOS Forward Processing (GEOS FP) assimilated O3 product; as a result the stratospheric O3 in the GEOS‐CF historical estimate agrees well with observations. During abnormal dynamical and chemical environments such as the 2020 polar vortexes, the GEOS‐CF O3 forecasts are more realistic than GEOS FP O3 forecasts because of the inclusion of the complex GEOS‐Chem UCX stratospheric chemistry. Overall, the spatial patterns of the GEOS‐CF simulated concentrations of stratospheric composition agree well with satellite observations. However, there are notable biases—such as low NOx and HNO3 in the polar regions and generally low HCl throughout the stratosphere—and future improvements to the chemistry mechanism and emissions are discussed. GEOS‐CF is a new tool for the research community and instrument teams observing trace gases in the stratosphere and troposphere, providing near‐real‐time three‐dimensional gridded information on atmospheric composition.
The Impact of Horizontal Resolution on Projected Sea‐Level Rise Along US East Continental Shelf With the Community Earth System Model
Authors: Li Dapeng , Chang Ping , Yeager Stephen G. , Danabasoglu Gokhan , Castruccio Frederic S. , Small Justin , Wang Hong , Zhang Qiuying , Gopal Abishek 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report lists sea‐level rise as one of the major future climate challenges. Based on pre‐industrial and historical‐and‐future climate simulations with the Community Earth System Model, we analyze the projected sea‐level rise in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean with two sets of simulations at different horizontal resolutions. Compared with observations, the low resolution (LR) model simulated Gulf Stream does not separate from the shore but flows northward along the entire coast, causing large biases in regional dynamic sea level (DSL). The high resolution (HR) model improves the Gulf Stream representation and reduces biases in regional DSL. Under the RCP8.5 future climate scenario, LR projects a DSL trend of 1.5–2 mm/yr along the northeast continental shelf (north of 40° N), which is 2–3 times the trend projected by HR. Along the southeast shelf (south of 35° N), HR projects a DSL trend of 0.5–1 mm/yr while the DSL trend in LR is statistically insignificant. The different spatial patterns of DSL changes are attributable to the different Gulf Stream reductions in response to a weakening Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Due to its poor representation of the Gulf Stream, LR projects larger (smaller) current decreases along the north (south) east continental slope compared to HR. This leads to larger (smaller) trends of DSL rise along the north (south) east shelf in LR than in HR. The results of this study suggest that the better resolved ocean circulations in HR can have significant impacts on regional DSL simulations and projections.
A Novel Fusion Method for Generating Surface Soil Moisture Data With High Accuracy, High Spatial Resolution, and High Spatio‐Temporal Continuity
Authors: Huang Shuzhe , Zhang Xiang , Chen Nengcheng , Ma Hongliang , Fu Peng , Dong Jianzhi , Gu Xihui , Nam Won‐Ho , Xu Lei , Rab Gerhard , Niyogi Dev 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSurface soil moisture (SSM) has a considerable impact on land‐atmosphere exchanges of water and energy fluxes. However, due to the inherent deficiencies of remotely sensed data (e.g., cloud contamination in thermal remote sensing and coarse resolutions for microwave remote sensing), none of the current algorithms alone can provide daily and seamless field‐scale (30 m) SSM information. To fill the gap, we proposed a novel SSM fusion framework to Generate high Resolution, Accurate, Seamless data using Point‐Surface fusion (GRASPS) based on remotely sensed, reanalysis, and in‐situ data sets. First, 30 m seamless continuous SSM correlated variables (land surface temperature, NDVI, and albedo) were downscaled by enhanced spatial and temporal adaptive reflectance fusion model. Then, downscaled auxiliary variables and other background variables were input into a deep learning model to produce 30 m daily and seamless SSM fields. To further improve the SSM estimation accuracy, a pixel classification‐based bias correction method was developed. The GRASPS method was validated over an in situ soil moisture sensor network (HOAL network) in Austria. The average Pearson correlation coefficient, root mean square error (RMSE), unbiased RMSE (ubRMSE), bias, and mean absolute error (MAE) over all validation sites achieved 0.78, 0.048, 0.033, −0.001, and 0.041 , respectively. After bias correction, RMSE, ubRMSE, bias, and MAE decreased by 13%, 7%, 22%, and 18%, respectively. The proposed method maximizes the potential of data fusion and deep learning in generating field‐scale seamless SSM, which is promising for fine‐scale studies and applications in agricultural, hydrological, and environmental domains.
Exploring Predictive Uncertainty at a Double‐Source Managed Aquifer Recharge Site via Stochastic Modeling
Authors: Rudnik G. , Rabinovich A. , Siebner H. , Katz Y. , Kurtzman D. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn Menashe Streams managed aquifer recharge (MAR) site (Israel) desalinated seawater (DSW) is recharged since 2015, alongside ephemeral stream flows. This study quantifies the uncertainty of predictions of the mixing of these two water sources in the aquifer. Mixing estimations are based on the significant difference in the content of stable water isotopes between the water sources. Uncertainties driven from aquifer heterogeneity and climate variability are compared. We use realistic flow and isotope‐transport models in a multiple‐realization stochastic approach considering space and time for the two drivers of uncertainty. Predictive uncertainty is evaluated via comparison of the temporal coefficient of variation of four realization ensembles. Results show that the impact of subsurface structure uncertainty on the predictions is small, compared to the uncertainty resulting from variability related to future hydrometeorological conditions. A generalized conclusion from this result is the difficulty to make long‐term predictions of the mixing ratios, regardless of the level of certainty in the subsurface structure interpretation, when one source of recharge water has significant annual fluctuations. Implication on prediction of magnesium concentration is demonstrated as an example for prediction uncertainty of concentration of a solute of interest in one of the MAR sources. Furthermore, we show that considering a single source MAR site, uncertainty in mixing of the MAR water and native groundwater in wells upgradient of the recharge location is higher than prediction uncertainty in wells located downgradient. Insights are also drawn regarding the change in uncertainty with distance from the recharge pond of the DSW.
Leukemia inhibitory factor drives glucose metabolic reprogramming to promote breast tumorigenesis
Authors: Yue Xuetian , Wang Jianming , Chang Chun-yuan , Liu Juan , Yang Xue , Zhou Fan , Qiu Xia , Bhatt Vrushank , Guo Jessie Yanxiang , Su Xiaoyang , Zhang Lanjing , Feng Zhaohui , Hu Wenwei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLIF, a multifunctional cytokine, is frequently overexpressed in many types of solid tumors, including breast cancer, and plays an important role in promoting tumorigenesis. Currently, how LIF promotes tumorigenesis is not well-understood. Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer cells and a key contributor to cancer progression. However, the role of LIF in cancer metabolic reprogramming is unclear. In this study, we found that LIF increases glucose uptake and drives glycolysis, contributing to breast tumorigenesis. Blocking glucose uptake largely abolishes the promoting effect of LIF on breast tumorigenesis. Mechanistically, LIF overexpression enhances glucose uptake via activating the AKT/GLUT1 axis to promote glycolysis. Blocking the AKT signaling by shRNA or its inhibitors greatly inhibits glycolysis driven by LIF and largely abolishes the promoting effect of LIF on breast tumorigenesis. These results demonstrate an important role of LIF overexpression in glucose metabolism reprogramming in breast cancers, which contributes to breast tumorigenesis. This study also reveals an important mechanism underlying metabolic reprogramming of breast cancers, and identifies LIF and its downstream signaling as potential therapeutic targets for breast cancers, especially those with LIF overexpression.
xCT contributes to colorectal cancer tumorigenesis through upregulation of the MELK oncogene and activation of the AKT/mTOR cascade
Authors: Tang Bufu , Zhu Jinyu , Liu Fangming , Ding Jiayi , Wang Yajie , Fang Shiji , zheng Liyun , Qiu Rongfang , Chen Minjiang , Shu Gaofeng , Xu Min , Lu Chenying , Zhao Zhongwei , Yang Yang , Ji Jiansong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed and deadly malignant tumors globally, and its occurrence and progression are closely related to the poor histological features and complex molecular characteristics among patients. It is urgent to identify specific biomarkers for effective treatment of CRC. In this study, we performed comprehensive experiments to validate the role of xCT expression in CRC tumorigenesis and stemness and confirmed xCT knockdown significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration, and stemness of CRC cells in vitro and effectively inhibited CRC tumorigenesis and metastasis in vivo. In addition, bioinformatic analysis and luciferase assays were used to identify E2F1 as a critical upstream transcription factor of SLC7A11 (the gene encoding for xCT) that facilitated CRC progression and cell stemness. Subsequent RNA sequencing, western blotting, rescue assay, and immunofluorescence assays revealed MELK directly co-expressed with xCT in CRC cells, and its upregulation significantly attenuated E2F1/xCT-mediated tumorigenesis and stemness in CRC. Further molecular mechanism exploration confirmed that xCT knockdown may exert an antitumor effect by controlling the activation of MELK-mediated Akt/mTOR signaling. Erastin, a specific inhibitor of xCT, was also proven to effectively inhibit CRC tumorigenesis and cell stemness. Altogether, our study showed that E2F1/xCT is a promising therapeutic target of CRC that promotes tumorigenesis and cell stemness. Erastin is also an effective antitumoral agent for CRC.