bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observing and braiding topological Majorana modes on programmable quantum simulators
Authors: Movassagh Ramis , Shtanko Oles , Harle Nikhil 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Electrons are indivisible elementary particles, yet paradoxically a collection of them can act as a fraction of a single electron, exhibiting exotic and useful properties. One such collective excitation, known as a topological Majorana mode, is naturally stable against perturbations, such as unwanted local noise, and can thereby robustly store quantum information. As such,
Majorana modes serve as the basic primitive of topological quantum computing, providing resilience to errors. However, their demonstration on quantum hardware has remained elusive. Here, we show the first provable detection and braiding of topological Majorana modes using a superconducting quantum processor as a quantum simulator. By simulating fermions on a one-dimensional lattice subject to a periodic drive, we confirm the existence of Majorana modes localized at the edges, and distinguish them from other trivial modes. To simulate a basic logical operation of topological quantum computing known as braiding, we propose a non-adiabatic technique, whose implementation reveals correct braiding statistics in our experiments. This work could further serve as a superconducting circuit verification protocol for future topological quantum computation, and shows that long-sought quantum phenomena can be recreated by anyone in cloud-run quantum simulations, whereby accelerating fundamental new discoveries in quantum-related science and technology.
Laparoscopic resection vs thermal ablation for 3-5cm hepatocellular carcinoma: A multicenter study based on machine learning
Authors: Zheng Lin , Wang Zhen , Ding Wenzhen , Yu Jie , Liu Fang-yi , Cheng Zhi-gang , Han Zhi-yu , Yu Xiao-ling , Liang Ping 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground Very early recurrence (VER) significantly affects the survival of patients with treated primary hepatocellular carcinoma. Purpose To compare the survival of patients with VER after laparoscopic resection and thermal ablation treatment. To establish a model predicting very early recurrence after laparoscopic resection. Methods 956 primary HCC patients treated with thermal ablation or laparoscopic resection from 12 centers were included in our study. The overall survival (OS) and cancer specific survival (CSS) rate of all patients and patients with VER in two groups were compared. Propensity score matching (PSM) was done to keep baseline balance. Risk factors that may lead to VER occurrence were presented. Different machine learning methods were used to build prediction models of VER occurrence after laparoscopic resection. Results VER significantly affects the OS and CSS of patients in both groups(p < 0.0001). But OS and CSS of patients with VER in two groups has no statistical difference before (p = 0.39 and 0.27, respectively) or after PSM (p = 0.4 and 0.85, respectively). A model predicting the occurrence of VER after laparoscopic resection was established based on machine leaning with 5 factors (AFP, ALT, TBil, DBil and number of tumors) included, which had the highest AUC value of 0.722. Conclusion 3-5cm primary hepatocellular carcinoma patients with VER after laparoscopic resection can benefits more if choose thermal ablation instead. And patients with VER after laparoscopic resection can be reliably predicted by the model presented in this study.
Design, Photochemistry, Logic Gates Behavior and Antibacterial Evaluation of novel ICT systems based on 1,8- naphthalimides
Authors: Sakr Alaa , Georgiev Nikolai , Bojinov Vladimir 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Ace Naphthene as a primary material was nitrated and further reacted by various unit processes such as oxidation, imidation and amination in order to obtain dyad 5. The Dyad 5 fluorescence in solvents of different polarity is shifted bathochromically with increasing the solvent polarity due to ICT enhancement, fluorescent enhancement is greatest in case of chloroform (ФF = 0.48) Excitation at 420 nm ,The influences of the pH on dyad 5 were also investigated, the results can be considered as representing off-on-off states. dyad 5 executes two input XNOR logic gates, the dyad 5 shows optical sensing towards H+ and HO− ions, it was investigated the “off-on-off” switching behavior of the receptor between H+ and HO− ions, the synthesized compounds were tested for antimicrobial activity of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, compounds were tested have a good antibacterial activity as compared with standard compound (Gentamycin).
Environmental factors drive bacterial community (free-living vs particle-attached) assembly and more stable network in the pre-bloom period than post-bloom
Authors: Ren Junming , Ye Jinliu , Cui Xinyu , Zhang Xiaofeng , Lang Chengyu , Xie Wenming , He Huan , Meng Han , Wang Guoxiang , Zhang Limin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms are very common phenomenon in freshwater ecosystems, influencing the composition and function of bacterioplankton communities. However, the drivers on the pattern and mechanism of bacterial community were still little known especially before and after bloom. Here, high-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA gene was used to investigate the dynamics of communities with two lifestyles of free-living (FL, 0.22-3 μm) and particle-attached (PA, > 3 μm) in the Lake Taihu, and co-occurrence patterns and assembly mechanism of bacteria were also explored between pre-bloom and post-bloom periods. The results exhibited that the bloom event significantly changed the composition and diversity of plankton community. Primarily, phyla of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were dominated in FL bacteria, whereas Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Bacteroidetes were distributed in PA bacteria. Additionally, PA bacteria had higher α-diversity than FL bacteria in two periods. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed that the network was more complex interactions and modularity in the pre-bloom than post-bloom. In addition, multispecies cooperation with negative correlations in the network implied more contribution to the stability and resilience of community in the pre-bloom. Null-model analysis indicated homogeneous selection was the key assembly process in the pre-bloom, while stochastic processes played predominant role in the post-bloom. Moreover, abiotic factors were significantly correlated with keystone taxa to further reveal the deterministic process in the pre-bloom ( p < 0.05). Overall, these findings indicate the ecological network and assembly mechanisms of bacteria driven by environmental factors in the pre-bloom more than post-bloom in a changing aquatic niche.
LC3-associated phagocytosis promotes glial degradation of axon debris after injury
Authors: Szabo Aron , Vincze Virag , Bognar Sarolta , Varga Katalin , Banik Poulami , Jipa Andras , Neukomm Lukas , Juhasz Gabor 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Glial engulfment of dead neurons and neurites after trauma, during development and in neurodegenerative diseases plays a crucial role in nervous system maintenance. Axon debris generated after traumatic injury is cleared by phagocytic glia via Draper receptor signalling in Drosophila. However, mechanisms governing the efficiency of axon debris phagocytosis and degradation have remained largely unexplored. Here we show that glial LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP), an engulfment pathway assisted by certain components of the macroautophagy machinery, promotes clearance of degenerating axons in the Drosophila wing nerve. A LAP-specific subset of autophagy-related (Atg) genes is required in glia for efficient debris elimination, which includes members of the Atg8a (LC3) conjugation system and the Vps34 lipid kinase complex subunits UVRAG and Rubicon but not Atg14 or the Atg1 kinase complex. Atg8a and Rubicon are recruited to Rab7-positive phagosomes and Atg8a lipid conjugation is essential for debris-containing phagosome maturation. Finally, Rubicon overexpression in glia accelerates axon debris elimination. Our results reveal the critical role of LAP in glia in the clearance of neuronal debris in vivo, with important implications for the recovery of the injured nervous system.
Effect of Combined Exercise Training Physical and Functional Capacity in Post-Covid Patients
Authors: Costa Bruno Margueritte , Sochodolak Rafael Carlos , Antunes Edher Lucas , Okuno Nilo Massaru 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of supervised moderate combined exercise training in patients with post-COVID in the physical and functional capacity. Forty-one patients completed 6-week combined moderate exercise training. In baseline and after intervention, patients were assessments of screening, including clinical data and anthropometrics performed functional tests, which consisted of handgrip strength test, chair sit and reach test, arm curl test, 30-sec sit to stand test, timed up and go, and six-minute walk test (6MWT). Primary outcomes were results of functional tests, and secondary outcomes were clinical data. Handgrip strength (p < 0.001), flexibility (p = 0.01), strength of upper (p = 0.01) and lower limbs (p < 0.001), gait speed (p < 0.001) and 6MWT (p < 0.001) improved after rehabilitation. Resting heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were lower after intervention (p = 0.01; p = 0.05; p = 0.03, respectively). No one difference was observed in persistent symptoms (p > 0.05). In conclusion, exercise training promoted great physical, functional and cardiovascular benefits for post-COVID patients.
Anatomy of the Nasal Latero-lateral Cartilage Articulation: A Micro-MRI Study in Human Specimens.
Authors: HADDAD Axel , DODIN Gauthier , HOSSU Gabriela , PEREZ Manuela , TEIXEIRA Pedro Augusto GONDIM , RUMEAU Cecile , JANKOWSKI Roger , GILLET Romain 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To study the anatomy of the latero-lateral joint (LLJ) between the upper lateral (ULC) and lower lateral (LLC) crus of the nasal cartilages, usually described as a scroll articulation.
Methodology: Six nasal pyramids were taken in monobloc from fresh cadavers and imaged on micro-MRI with 0.4 mm slice thickness. Images were jointly interpreted by two head and neck radiologists and one surgeon. The junction between the ULC and LLC, the presence of ligaments and of sesamoid or accessory cartilages were assessed.
Results: Eight LLJs could be analyzed, with 4 types of junctions: hook-shaped cephalic border of the LLC turned towards the nasal fossa and linear caudal border of the ULC (n=3), hook-shaped caudal border of the ULC and linear cephalic border of the LLC lateral crus (n=1), hook-shaped border of both cartilaginous edges with clinging (n=1) (scroll articulation) or without clinging (n=3). No ligament or sesamoid cartilage was found, but posterior accessory cartilages were seen in 75% of the cases.
Conclusion: The classical scroll articulation of the LLJ has been observed in only 1/8 cases on micro-MRI images. The anatomy of the LLJ couldexplain the surgical difficulty in raising the tip of the nose in some patients and not in others.
Cervical catheter placement leads to improved rostral distribution of a radiolabeled 18F-baclofen analog in cynomolgus monkeys
Authors: Duclos Brian A , Roegge Cindy , Dobson Howard , Haller Scott , Bodner Jeff , Pannem Sanjana , Gesaman Janelle , Nourmohammadi Amin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background:
Intrathecal (IT) catheter delivery of baclofen via continuous infusion using an implantable pump is an important means of treating patients with severe spasticity. We evaluated the impact of IT catheter tip placement (upper vs. lower) on brain and spine distribution of a radioactive tracer molecule.
Methods:
Cynomolgus monkeys were implanted with an IT catheter, with the distal tip located at either C1 or T10 and attached to an implanted continuous infusion pump. A radioactive tracer molecule, an 18F-baclofen analog, and PET imaging were utilized to observe tracer distribution and quantitate levels of tracer in both the brain and spine according to catheter tip location.
Results:
It was consistently determined that a high cervical (C1) catheter tip placement resulted in both more rapid distribution and higher concentrations of radiotracer in the brain and upper spine compared with lower thoracic (T10) during the first 6 hours of infusion.
Conclusions:
These results indicate that delivery of 18F-baclofen by IT catheter results in repeatable proportional distribution within regions of the brain and spine. The data also suggest that the greatest exposure to the brain and cervical spinal cord occurs when the catheter tip is located at the first cervical vertebra.
Effects of continuous straw returning on bacterial community structure and enzyme activities in rape-rice soil aggregates
Authors: Yuan Luhong , Gao Yue , Mei Ying , Liu Jiaren , Kalkhajeh Yusef Kianpoor , Hu Hongxiang , Huang Jieying 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study investigated the effects of straw returning on the bacterial community and enzyme activities of soil aggregates. A five-year field trial was carried out in a paddy soil with three treatments: no straw + no fertilization (CK), compound fertilizer (F), and straw returning + compound fertilizer (SF). Soil aggregates were classified into mega-aggregates (> 2 mm), macro-aggregates (0.25-2 mm), micro-aggregates (0.053–0.25 mm), and silt-clay (< 0.053 mm) using the wet sieve method. High-throughput sequencing was employed to characterize the bacterial community, and Pearson correlation coefficient was used to reveal the relationship among bacterial community, organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and enzyme activities in soil aggregates. Compared with CK, the results showed that straw returning significantly increased and decreased the contents of > 2 and 0.053–0.25 mm aggregates by 10.64% and 34.15%, respectively. And the content of organic carbon and total nitrogen in aggregate with > 0.053 mm increased by an average of 20.61% and 24.22% respectively in straw returning. Furthermore, straw returning caused significant increases in urease and phosphatase activities of soil aggregates by 121.01% and 29.85%, respectively. Conversely, Chao and Shannon indices of bacterial community of soil aggregates with average decreased values of 2.93% and 0.93%, respectively. Nevertheless, the relative abundances of Chloroflexi, Acidobacteriota, and Nitrospirota increased by 19.07%, 2.58%, and 23.5% in straw amended soil aggregates compared with the conventional fertilization and CK treatments. Our results emphasized on the efficacy of straw returning to improve the soil health/quality through regulating soil structure, increasing the urease and acid phosphatase activities of soil aggregates, enhancing carbon and nitrogen content and change the bacterial structure composition.
Prevalence of undernutrition among pregnant women and its differences across relevant subgroups in rural Ethiopia: a community based cross-sectional survey
Authors: Chea Nana , Tegene Yadessa , Astatkie Ayalew , Mark Spigt 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Maternal undernutrition is one of the commonest public health problems in many low and middle income countries where generally more than 20% of women are undernourished. It is more common in rural areas due to unclear factors. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of undernutrition in general and in subgroups and determine risk factors among pregnant women in rural Ethiopia.
Methods
A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted from April 30 to May 30, 2019 on 550 pregnant women who were randomly selected from six districts in southern Ethiopia. Trained and experienced nurses measured undernutrition using mid-upper arm circumference and collected other data. We used multilevel mixed-effect logistic regression to identify factors associated with undernutrition among pregnant women.
Results
The prevalence of undernutrition among pregnant women was 38%; 95% CI: (34.2–42.3). The odds of undernutrition was higher among women who got pregnant previously (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.02–2.71), who had a history of miscarriage (AOR: 3.18; 95% CI: 1.77–5.70), who practiced food taboos (AOR: 2.23; 95% CI: 1.47–3.39) and who did not get any nutritional counseling during pregnancy (AOR: 2.97; 95% CI: 1.79–4.95). The prevalence of undernutrition among pregnant women who had multiple risk factors was estimated to be 95%, corresponding to an OR of 6.95 (95% CI: 0.80- 60.41).
Conclusion
The prevalence of undernutrition among pregnant women in rural Ethiopia was high. It was very high among women with multiple risk factors. Healthcare providers should be aware of the risk factors associated with undernutrition, and should be ready to intervene in these subgroups.
Combined application of antisense oligomers to control transcription factors of Candida albicans biofilm formation
Authors: Araújo Daniela , Gonçalves Bruna , Boas Diana Vilas , Rodrigues Maria Elisa , Henriques Mariana , Silva Sónia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Antisense oligomers (ASOs) have been little exploited to control determinants of Candida albicans virulence. Biofilm formation is an important virulence factor of C. albicans, that is regulated by a complex network of transcription factors (such as EFG1, BRG1 and ROB1). Thus, the main goal of this work was to project ASOs, based on the 2'-OMethyl chemical modification, to target BRG1 and ROB1 mRNA and to validate its application either alone or in combination with the EFG1 mRNA target, to reduce C. albicans biofilm formation. The ability of ASOs to control gene expression was evaluate by qRT-PCR. The effect on biofilm formation was determined by the total biomass quantification, and simultaneously the carbohydrates and proteins reduction on extracellular matrix. It was verified that all the oligomers were able to reduce the levels of gene expression and the ability of C. albicans to form biofilms. Furthermore, the combined application of the cocktail of ASOs enhances the inhibition of C. albicans biofilm formation, minimizing biofilm thickness by reducing the quantity of matrix content (protein and carbohydrate). So, our work confirms that ASOs are useful tools for research and therapeutic development on the control of Candida species biofilm formation.
Survival Benefit of Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy for Hormone Receptor Low-Positive Breast Cancer: A Propensity Score-Weighted Analysis
Authors: Ryu Han Suk , Jang Myoung-jin , Lee Kyung-Hun , Lee Han-Byoel , Moon Woo Kyung , Yoen Heera , Lee Su Hyun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the survival benefit of adjuvant endocrine therapy in women with hormone receptor low-positive breast cancer.Methods: A retrospective search of the prospectively maintained database of our academic medical center identified women with unilateral hormone receptor low-positive (1–10%) primary invasive breast cancer who underwent surgery between January 2003 and December 2015. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between women who received and did not receive adjuvant endocrine therapy using propensity score-weighted analysis of clinical, imaging, and pathologic factors.Results: Of 448 women (median age, 51 years), 84 (19%) had recurrence (20 locoregional, 10 contralateral, and 54 distant metastases) and 51 (11%) died during a median follow-up of 7.9 years. The DFS and OS for women who received (n = 320) and did not receive (n = 128) adjuvant endocrine therapy were not different in the propensity score-weighted log-rank test (P = 0.43 for DFS; P = 0.48 for OS) and Cox proportional regression analysis (hazard ratio [HR] for DFS, 0.8; P = 0.42; and HR for OS, 1.3; P = 0.48). The survival benefit of adjuvant endocrine therapy was observed in the subgroup of women who did not receive adjuvant radiation therapy (HR, 0.5; P = 0.04 for DFS and HR, 0.4; P = 0.046 for OS) (P for interaction < 0.05).Conclusion: No survival benefit was observed with adjuvant endocrine therapy in women with hormone receptor low-positive breast cancer. Strategies are needed to optimize adjuvant endocrine therapy effectiveness in this population.
Folate receptor targeted nanoparticles containing niraparib and doxorubicin for treatment of high grade serous ovarian cancer
Authors: Wang Lucy , Evans James C. , Ahmed Lubabah , Allen Christine 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Combination chemotherapy is an established approach used to manage toxicities while eliciting an enhanced therapeutic response. Delivery of combinations of drugs in specific molar ratios has been considered a means to achieve synergistic effects resulting in improvements in efficacy while minimizing dose related adverse drug reactions.The benefits of this approach have been realized with the FDA approval of Vyxeos®, the first liposome formulation to deliver a synergistic drug combination leading to improved overall survival against standard of care. In the current study, we demonstrate the synergistic potential of the PARP inhibitor niraparib and doxorubicin for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Through in vitro screening in a panel of ovarian cancer cell lines, we find that niraparib and doxorubicin demonstrate consistent synergy/additivity at the majority of evaluated molar ratio combinations.Further to these findings, we report formulation of a nanoparticle encapsulating our identified synergistic combination. We describe a rational design process to achieve highly stable liposomes that are targeted with folate to folate-receptor-alpha, which is known to be overexpressed on the surface of ovarian cancer cells. With this approach, we aim to achieve targeted delivery of niraparib and doxorubicin at a pre-determined synergistic molar ratio via increased receptor-mediated endocytosis.
Hyperactivation of p53 using CRISPRa kills human papillomavirus driven cervical cancer cells
Authors: Idres Yusuf M , Lai Alan , McMillan Nigel , Idris Adi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Clinical trials and proof-of-concept pre-clinical work for different cancers has shown relatively positive outcomes and tumour killing when p53, a well-established tumour suppressor, levels and function is restored. Human papillomavirus (HPV) driven cancers encode the E6 oncoprotein that degrades p53 to allow HPV-driven carcinogenic process to proceed. Indeed, there have been several attempts in the past to revive p53 function in HPV driven cancers by pharmacological and genetic means to increase p53 bioavailability. Here, we employed a CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) approach to overcome HPV-mediated silencing of p53 by hyper expressing the p53 promoter. Hyperexpression of p53 led to HPV positive (+) cervical cancer cell killing and reduced cell proliferation. Increasing p53 bioavailability may have promising potential as a therapy for HPV driven cancers.