bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of nystatin oral rinse on oral Candida species and Streptococcus mutans among healthy adults
Authors: Aljaffary Mohammed , Jang Hoonji , Alomeir Nora , Zeng Yan , Alkhars Naemah , Vasani Shruti , Almulhim Abdullah , Wu Tong Tong , Quataert Sally , Bruno Jennifer , Xiao Jin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To examine the effect of nystatin oral rinse on oral Candida species and Streptococcus mutans carriage.
Materials and Methods
Twenty healthy adults with oral candidiasis participated in the single-arm clinical trial and received Nystatin oral rinse for 7 days, 4 applications/day, 600,000 International Units/application. Demographic-socioeconomic-oral-medical conditions were obtained. Salivary and plaque Candida species and Streptococcus mutans were assessed at baseline, 1-week and 3-month follow-ups. Twenty-four salivary cytokines were assessed. Candida albicans isolates underwent Nystatin susceptibility test.
Results
Half of participants (10/20) were free of salivary C. albicans after using Nystatin rinse. Salivary S. mutans was significantly reduced at 3-month follow-up (p < 0.05). Periodontal status reflected by bleeding-on-probing was significantly improved at 1-week and 3-month follow-ups (p < 0.05). Plaque accumulation was significantly reduced at 1-week follow-up (p < 0.05). Interestingly, the responses to Nystatin oral rinse were not associated with race, gender, age, oral hygiene practice, adherence to Nystatin rinse, or sweets consumption (p > 0.05). No C. albicans isolates were resistant to Nystatin. Furthermore, salivary cytokines Eotaxin and Fractalkine were significantly reduced at 3 months follow-up among participants responded to Nystatin rinse (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
The study results indicate that oral antifungal treatment had an effect on S. mutans salivary carriage. Future clinical trials are warranted to comprehensively assess the impact of antifungal treatment on the oral flora other than S. mutans and Candida.
Clinical Relevance
: Due to the potential cariogenic role of oral Candida species, antifungal approaches shed new light on the prevention and management of dental caries from a fungal perspective.
Fatigue Reliability Assessment Method for Aero-engine Compressor Blade-disk System with Failure Dependency between Components Based on Response Surface Method
Authors: Qian Wenxue , Zeng Xianhai , Huang Shuanghui , Yin Xiaowei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The compressor blade-disk system of an aero-engine is a complicated system with numerous components, and the failures of components are related. To evaluate its reliability accurately and efficiently, a fatigue reliability assessment method to handle the issues with failure dependency between components was proposed. Firstly, the finite element analysis was carried out considering the dispersion of load and material; secondly, the probabilistic distributions of stress, strain, and fatigue life of components were fitted by the response surface method; finally, the multi-component failure-dependent reliability model (MCFDM) of the compressor blade-disk system was established based on the dependent failure system reliability theory. Based on this model, the fatigue life of the blade-disk system at varying reliability levels and the reliability and failure probability at varying specified life levels were calculated. The results of MCFDM are compared with those of the independent failure reliability assessment model(IFM) and the traditional Monte Carlo method(MCM). It is demonstrated that the system reliability calculated by IFM is too optimistic, while MCM requires a large number of samples based on the finite element model directly. In comparison, MCFDM can offer results with sufficient accuracy and higher efficiency.
Chronic diseases, multi-morbidity and COVID-19 in persons experiencing homelessness: results from a cross-sectional study conducted at three humanitarian clinics in Germany in 2020
Authors: Lutchmun Wandini , Gach Janina , Borup Christiane , Froeschl Guenter 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Persons experiencing homelessness (PEH) suffer a high burden of chronic diseases and multi-morbidity, yet face significant barriers in accessing healthcare services. These health inequalities were further aggravated during the COVID-19 pandemic. While there is a lack of comprehensive health data on PEH, even less is known about populations experiencing housing exclusion, a hidden form of homelessness. This study examines and compares chronic diseases and multi-morbidity in PEH, persons experiencing housing exclusion, and persons with secure housing who lacked access to regular healthcare services in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany.
Methods
Study participants were adults who sought medical care at clinics of the humanitarian organisation “Ärzte der Welt” in Munich, Hamburg and Berlin in 2020. The patients were categorised into three housing groups according to the ETHOS classification of homelessness and housing exclusion. Socio-demographic characteristics, self-rated health, chronic diseases, multi-morbidity and SARS-COV-2 rates were described in each group. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify socio-demographic factors associated with higher odds of chronic diseases and multi-morbidity in each housing group.
Results
Of the 695 study participants, 333 experienced homelessness, 292 experienced housing exclusion and 70 had secure housing. 92.3% of all patients had either no or limited health coverage, and 96.7% were below the poverty line. Males and EU/EEA citizens were highly represented among PEH (74.2% and 56.8% respectively). PEH had lower self-rated health (47.8%, p = 0.04), and higher rates of psychiatric illness (20.9%, p = 0.04). In adjusted analyses, belonging to the age group 35–49 and ≥ 50 years were associated with greater odds of chronic disease (AOR = 2.33, 95% CI = 1.68–3.24; AOR = 3.57, 95% CI = 2.55–5.01, respectively) while being male was associated with lower odds of multi-morbidity (AOR = 0.602, 95% CI = 0.38–0.9). Of the 18 symptomatic participants tested for SARS-COV-2, 15 were PEH, 1 of whom tested positive.
Conclusions
Housing status was not an independent risk factor for chronic disease and multi-morbidity in our study population. However, PEH reported poorer self-rated and psychiatric health. Strategies to improve access to healthcare services amongst persons experiencing homelessness and housing exclusion are needed in Germany.
Circulating microvesicles correlate with radiation proctitis complication after radiotherapy
Authors: Ribault Alexandre , Benadjaoud Mohamed Amine , Squiban Claire , Arnaud Laurent , Judicone Coralie , Leroyer Aurélie S. , Rousseau Alexandra , Huet Christelle , Guha Chandan , Benderitter Marc , Lacroix Romaric , FLAMANT Stephane , Chen Emily I. , Simon Jean-Marc , Tamarat Radia 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In a large retrospective study, we assessed the putative use of circulating microvesicles (MVs), as innovative biomarkers of radiation toxicity in a cohort of 208 patients with prostate adenocarcinoma overexposed to radiation. The level of platelet (P)-, monocyte (M)- and endothelial (E)-derived MVs were assessed by flow cytometry. Rectal bleeding toxicity scores were collected at the time of blood sampling and during the routine follow-up and were tested for association with MVs using a multivariate logistic regression. MVs dosimetric correlation was investigated using dose volume histograms information from a subset of 36 patients. The number of PMVs was significantly increased in patients with highest toxicity grades compared to lower grades. Risk prediction analysis revealed that increased numbers of PMVs, and an increased amount of MMVs relative to EMVs, were associated with worst rectal bleeding grade compared to the time of blood sampling. Moreover, a significant correlation was found between PMV and MMV numbers, with the range of doses up to the median exposure (40Gy) of bladder/rectum and anterior rectal wall, respectively. MVs could be considered as new biomarkers to improve the identification of patients with high toxicity grade and may be instrumental for the prognosis of radiation therapy complications.
Inhibition of voltage-gated sodium ion channel by corannulene and computational inversion blockage underlying mechanisms
Authors: Li Xinyu , Yin Hongqiang , Zuo Xiang , Jia Zhenzhen , Wang Yanlei , Yang Zhuo , Feng Xizeng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Corannulene (Cor), a special carbon materials, have been evidenced have strong protein binding capacity to regulate lysozyme crystallization and controlling reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Ion channel functions are controlled by ion channel protein thus affecting on physiological functions. However, the interaction between Cor and ion channel protein have not been studied. In this study, we used mPEG-DSPE to encapsulate Cor and prepare PEG/Cor complexes. The prepared PEG/Cor complexes distributed in cytoplasm and produced cytotoxicity at high concentration. Whole cell patch clamp examined ion channel functions after PEG/Cor complexes administration. we found that PEG/Cor Nps administration inhibited voltage-gated Na+ ion channels in a dose-and time-dependent manner but did not act on voltage-gated K+ ion channels. The potential mechanisms were revealed by all-atom molecular dynamic (MD) simulations. Briefly, Cor could block the pore of sodium ion channel protein due to accumulation of Cor on the pore of ion channel protein. Besides, the orientation angle (θ) configuration of Cor will be inverted with the accumulation to generate two blocking mechanisms. Different from other carbon nanomaterials, the blockage mechanism of Cor provides novel insights into the mechanisms of interaction between carbon nanomaterials and ion channel protein.
TREM2/β-catenin attenuates NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated macrophage pyroptosis to promote bacterial clearance of pyogenic bacteria
Authors: Wang Yi , Cao Can , Zhu Yanting , Fan Huifeng , Liu Qiaojuan , Liu Yiting , Chen Kang , Wu Yongjian , Liang Siping , Li Meiyu , Li Lexi , Liu Xi , Zhang Yuanqing , Wu Chenglin , Lu Gen , Wu Minhao 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is considered a protective factor to protect host from bacterial infection, while how it elicits this role is unclear. In the present study, we demonstrate that deficiency of triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) significantly enhanced macrophage pyroptosis induced by four common pyogenic bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. TREM2 deficiency also decreased bacterial killing ratio of macrophage, while Caspase-1 or GSDMD inhibition promoted macrophage-mediated clearance to these bacteria. Further study demonstrated that the effect of TREM2 on macrophage pyroptosis and bacterial eradication mainly dependents on the activated status of NLRP3 inflammasome. Moreover, as the key downstream of TREM2, b-catenin phosphorylated at Ser675 by TREM2 signal and accumulated in nucleus and cytoplasm. b-catenin mediated the effect of TREM2 on NLRP3 inflammasome and macrophage pyroptosis by reducing NLRP3 expression, and inhibiting inflammasome complex assembly by interacting with ASC. Collectively, TREM2/b-catenin inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome to regulate macrophage pyroptosis, and enhances macrophage-mediated pyogenic bacterial clearance.
Gene duplication and cellular divergence in crops
Authors: Birnbaum Kenneth , Guillotin Bruno , Rahni Ramin , Passalacqua Michael , Mohammed Mohammed , Xu Xiaosa , Jackson David , Groen Simon , Gillis Jesse 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Different plant species within the grasses were parallel targets of domestication, giving rise to crops with distinct evolutionary histories and traits. Key traits that distinguish these species are mediated by specialized cell types within organs. Here, we compare the transcriptomes of all cells within roots in three grasses—Zea mays (maize), Sorghum bicolor (sorghum), and outgroup Setaria viridis (Setaria). We first show that single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-seq provide complementary readouts of cell identity, warranting a combined analysis. Comparative cellular analysis shows that the transcriptomes of some cell types diverged more rapidly than others, in part by recruiting gene modules from other cell types. Furthermore, examining the whole genome duplication in maize, we detect extensive dosage compensation in surviving co-expressed homeologs, reinforcing genomic balance1. Homeolog pairs that underwent subfunctionalization2, partitioning their expression among cell types, represented a minor pattern but showed the highest rate of acquiring a novel (non-ancestral) domain. These results fit a conjecture in which mechanisms that maintain stoichiometric balance at the molecular level aid in homeolog retention for extended periods to allow new functions to arise. An unexpected synergy between spatial sub- and neo-functionalization then contributes to changes in transcriptional cell identity.
Two cases of dupilumab-associated conjunctivitis with high expression of IL-8 mRNA on the ocular surface: a case report
Authors: Adachi Rumi , Shoji Jun , Akira Hirota , Tomioka Akiko , Tonozuka Yukiko , Inada Noriko , Yamagami Satoru 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Dupilumab-induced ocular surface disease (DIOSD) has been reported in patients with atopic dermatitis treated with dupilumab, and has been recognized as an adverse event of dupilumab. Our objective was to describe two cases of DIOSD with alterations in eotaxin-2 and interleukin (IL)-8 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression on the ocular surface. Case presentation: In the ocular surface test, specimens were collected from the patient's ocular surface, and eotaxin-2 and IL-8 mRNA levels in the specimens were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The clinical score of ocular surface findings was quantified using a 5-5-5 exacerbation grading scale for allergic conjunctivitis. The first case was of a 27-year-old man who developed DIOSD 3 months after starting treatment with dupilumab injection for atopic dermatitis. After 5 weeks of topical instillation of tacrolimus ophthalmic suspension, the clinical score of ocular surface findings improved and IL-8 and eotaxin-2 mRNA expression levels gradually decreased. The second patient was a 55-year-old man who developed DIOSD 11 weeks after the start of treatment with dupilumab injection for atopic dermatitis. Four weeks after starting ophthalmological treatment with tacrolimus ophthalmic suspension, his clinical scores on ocular surface findings improved and IL-8 mRNA expression levels decreased. The ocular surface test in this case revealed increased expression levels of IL-8 mRNA on the ocular surface at the onset of DIOSD, which decreased with the improvement of objective findings. Conclusions: DIOSD, which has been successfully treated with tacrolimus ophthalmic suspension, may involve IL-8-related inflammation in addition to type 2 inflammation.
What is the impact of Light Curing Modes of High-Powered LED on Temperature rise in Primary Teeth Dentin: an in-vitro study
Authors: Jabbour Obada , Alfares Reem 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Temperature rise in the pulp chamber is a severe stress that can cause irreversible damage to the pulp. The objective of this study was to compare the temperature rise under primary teeth dentin induced by Light Emitting Diode (LED) with different light curing modes. Methods: sixty dentin discs of 0.5- 1- 1.5- and 2-mm thickness were prepared from human primary molars. Resin composite placed in an Teflon cavity was cured using a high-powered LED (Foshan JERRY Medical Apparatus CO., LTD, Foshan, China) for 20s. The different modes tested in this study were standard mode, ramp mode, and pulse mode (n=5). Temperature was recorded using a k-type thermocouple in direct contact with the dentin disc. Temperature change data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test. Results: The highest temperature rise was observed under 0.5 mm thick dentin disc with standard mode (4.7 ± 0.42), whereas the lowest values were recorded with pulse mode under 2 mm thick dentin (2.5 ± 0.23). Pulse mode produced significant lower temperature rise compared to standard mode in all dentin thicknesses (P < 0.05). Ramp mode gave significantly lower values compared to standard mode in 0.5 mm group (P < 0.05). For standard and ramp modes, 0.5 mm thick group exhibit higher temperature rise than 2 mm thick group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Maximum temperature rise induced by high-powered LED was not critical for pulpal health. Temperature rise related to dentin thickness and curing modes. Pulse mode gave the lowest values.
Sex-dependent migration of eastern great bustard (Otis tarda dybowskii) in Northeast Asia
Authors: Wang Yingjun , Purev-Ochir Gankhuyag , Gungaa Amarkhuu , Erdenechimeg Baasansuren , Terbish Oyunchimeg , Khurelbaatar Dashdorj , Wang Zijian , Mi Chunrong , Guo Yumin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The great bustard (Otis tarda) holds the distinction of the heaviest bird to undergo migration as well as the greatest degree of sexual size dimorphism among living birds. Though the migration of the species has been widely discussed in the literature, researchers know little about the migration patterns of the subspecies in Asia (Otis tarda dybowskii), especially the males.
Methods
In 2018 and 2019, we captured six O. t. dybowskii (five males and one female) at their breeding sites in eastern Mongolia and tagged them with GPS-GSM satellite transmitters. This constitutes the first time that male great bustards of the eastern subspecies have been tracked. We combined the tracking data of our only female with other three females from central Mongolia, which was published in previous study for analysis.
Results
We found notable differences between the sexes: 1) males started migration later but arrived early than females in the spring, but not in autumn; 2) males had 1/3 of the migration duration of females (16.44 ± 14.68 days vs. 49.34 ± 21.28 days); 3) males migrated about 1/2 the distance of females (945.13 ± 79.00 km vs. 1922.88 ± 87.08 km). Additionally, we found bustards exhibited high fidelity to their breeding, post-breeding and wintering sites. Indeed, most of the wintering sites found by GPS tracking in this study were also utilized 70 years earlier, according to previous work. For conservation, we found only 22.20% of GPS location fixes of bustards were within protected areas and less than 5.0% for wintering sites and during migration.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that the migration patterns of eastern great bustards are sex-specific and more conservation effort is needed for the Asian populations of this threatened species.
Drift-Diffusion Modeling Reveals that Masked Faces are Preconceived as Unfriendly
Authors: Mulder Martijn J. , Prummer Franziska , Terburg David , Kenemans J. Leon 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of face masks has become a daily routine. Studies have shown that face masks increase the ambiguity of facial expressions which not only affects (the development of) emotion recognition, but also interferes with social interaction and judgement. To disambiguate facial expressions, we rely on perceptual (stimulus-driven) as well as judgmental (preconception) processes. However, it is unknown which of these two mechanisms accounts for the misinterpretation of masked expressions. To investigate this, we asked participants (N = 136) to decide whether ambiguous (morphed) facial expressions, with or without a mask, were perceived as friendly or unfriendly. To test for the independent effects of perceptual and judgmental biases we fitted a drift-diffusion model (DDM) to the behavioral data of each participant. Results show that face masks induce a clear loss of information leading to a slight perceptual bias towards friendly choices, but also a clear judgmental bias towards unfriendly choices for masked faces. These results suggest that, although face masks can increase the perceptual friendliness of faces, people have the prior preconception to interpret masked faces as unfriendly.
FarGen: Elucidating the distribution of coding variants in the isolated population of the Faroe Islands
Authors: Gregersen Noomi , Mortensen Ólavur , Thomsen Elisabet , Lydersen Leivur , Apol Katrin , Weihe Pál , Steig Bjarni á , Andorsdóttir Guðrið , Als Thomas 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Here we present results from FarGen Phase I exomes. This dataset is based on the FarGen cohort, which consists of 1,541 individuals from the isolated population of the Faroe Islands. The purpose of this cohort is to serve as a reference catalog of coding variants, and to conduct population genetic studies to better understand the genetic contribution to various diseases in the Faroese population.
Out of the 536 sequenced samples, 465 were chosen to represent the final dataset, and a total of 148,267 variants were discovered. Principle Component Analysis indicates that the population is isolated and weakly structured. The distribution of variants in various functional classes was compared with populations in the gnomAD dataset; the results indicated that the proportions were consistent across the cohorts, but probably due to a small sample size, the FarGen dataset contained relatively few rare variants. We identified 19 variants that are classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic in ClinVar; several of these variants are associated with monogenetic diseases with increased prevalence in the Faroe Islands.
The results support previous studies, which indicate that the Faroe Islands is an isolated and weakly structured population. Future studies may elucidate the significance of the 19 pathogenic variants that were identified. The FarGen Phase I dataset is an important step for genetic research in the Faroese population, and the next phase of FarGen will increase the sample size and broaden the scope.
Classified Dynamic Hierarchical Load Balancer for Cloud Data Centers
Authors: Chhabra Sakshi chhabra , Saxena Deepika , Kumar Jitendra , Kumar Ashutosh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The performance and operational cost of a cloud data center may worsen due to degenerative resource allocation. A novel scheme ’C-DHLB’ Classified Dynamic Hierarchical Load Balancer is introduced to address this issue by the means of resource requirement analysis and allocating an optimized number of computing resources to every application. We formulate the traffic scalability issue as a virtual machine placement optimization with multi-dimensional resource constraints. The model allocates the exact amount of resources and pick out the most optimal host to achieve immediate load balancing effect. Performance evaluation demonstrates that proposed model achieves high throughput, avoid traffic overflow and reduce upto 72.58% of the traffic in the network.