bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Electroanalytical Methods Using Different Electrodes for the Determination of Progesterone (P4) in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Human, Cow and Goat Milk
Authors: Cruz Victoria , Triviño Juan José , Arancibia Verónica 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFor the determination of progesterone (P4) electroanalytical studies were performed using mercury electrode (HMDE) and screen‐printed boron‐doped diamond electrode (BDD‐SPE). The effects of pH, supporting electrolyte, accumulation potential and time (Eacc, tacc) were studied in both systems. The optimum conditions were: i) HMDE: pH 7,0; Eacc: −0,1 V and tacc: 40 s, ii) BDD‐SPE: 0,5 mol L−1 H2SO4; Eacc: 0,0 V and tacc: 120 s. Under these conditions, the detection limit was 3.1 μg L−1 for HMDE and 45.6 μg L−1 for BDD‐SPE. Both methods were validated and applied in the P4 determination on pharmaceutical formulations and milk samples.
Electrokinetics in antimicrobial resistance analysis: A review
Authors: Zhang Junyan , Li Mengqi , Xu Runxin , Kapur Suman , Bombard Antonio , Song Yongxin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInfections caused by antimicrobial resistance are a serious problem in the world. Currently, commercial devices for antimicrobial susceptibility testing and resistant bacteria identification are time‐consuming. There is an urgent need to develop fast and accurate methods, especially in the process of sample pretreatment. Electrokinetic (EK) is a family of electric‐field‐based kinetic phenomena of fluid or embedded objects, and EK applications have been found in various fields. In this paper, EK bacteria manipulation, including enrichment and separation, is reviewed. Focus is given to the rapid electric‐based minimum inhibitory concentration measurement. The future directions and major challenges in this field are also outlined.
Lipidomic comparison of 2D and 3D colon cancer cell culture models
Authors: Tobias Fernando , Hummon Amanda B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAltered lipid metabolism is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Cellular proliferation and de novo synthesis of lipids are related to cancer progression. In this study, we evaluated the lipidomic profile of two‐dimensional (2D) monolayer and multicellular tumor spheroids from the HCT 116 colon carcinoma cell line. We utilized serial trypsinization on the spheroid samples to generate three cellular populations representing the proliferative, quiescent, and necrotic regions of the spheroid. This analysis enabled a comprehensive identification and quantification of lipids produced in each of the spheroid layer and 2D cultures. We show that lipid subclasses associated with lipid droplets form in oxygen‐restricted and acidic regions of spheroids and are produced at higher levels than in 2D cultures. Additionally, sphingolipid production, which is implicated in cell death and survival pathways, is higher in spheroids relative to 2D cells. Finally, we show that increased numbers of lipids composed of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are produced in the quiescent and necrotic regions of the spheroid. The lipidomic signature for each region and cell culture type highlights the importance of understanding the spatial aspects of cancer biology. These results provide additional lipid biomarkers in colon cancer cells that can be further studied to target pivotal lipid production pathways.
Electrical activation of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus modulates the neuronal activities of the subthalamic nucleus and the substantia nigra pars reticulata in anesthetized rats
Authors: Lin Muxin , Wang Ying , Wang Yi , Chen Fujun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe subthalamic nucleus (STN), substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr), and pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg) are reciprocally connected brain regions that play significant roles in the motor control. However, the electrophysiological relationship among the STN, SNr, and PPTg remains controversial. The present study was designed to further explore the mutual electrophysiological relationship of these brain regions from the perspective of the PPTg–STN–SNr neural circuit. The neuronal activities in the STN and SNr were simultaneously recorded while the PPTg was stimulated in anesthetized rats. The activation of PPTg induced excitatory responses of both the STN and SNr neurons. Comparisons of excitation latencies between the STN and SNr were made to distinguish the excitation evoked from the PPTg–STN–SNr pathway. Additionally, two types of excitatory responses and various inhibitory responses with different latencies in the SNr were recorded. The SNr responses could also be classified into five different response categories, which might attribute to projections within different neural circuits. Neuronal recordings were analyzed in different electrophysiological features (i.e., interspike interval [ISI] mode, ISI asymmetry index, ISI coefficient of variance, firing rate, burst index, and trough peak duration), and different response patterns of neurons had their specific features in neuronal activities. These findings indicated the complex interactions among the STN, SNr, and PPTg electrophysiologically, and provided insights into exploring information transmission mechanisms underlying these circuits.
On‐Chip Plasmonic Vortex Interferometers
Authors: Lang Yuanhao , Xu Quan , Chen Xieyu , Han Jie , Jiang Xiaohan , Xu Yuehong , Kang Ming , Zhang Xueqian , Alù Andrea , Han Jiaguang , Zhang Weili 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSince the late 19th century, enormous endeavors have been made in extending the scope and capability of optical interferometers. Recently, plasmonic vortices that strongly confine the orbital angular momentum to surface have attracted considerable attention. However, current research interests in this area have focused on the mechanisms and dynamics of polarization‐dependent single plasmonic vortex generation and evolution, while the interference between different plasmonic vortices for practical applications has been unexplored. Here, a method for flexible on‐chip spin‐to‐orbital angular momentum conversion is introduced, resulting in exotic interferograms. Based on this method, a new form of interferometers that is realized by the interference between customized plasmonic vortices is demonstrated. Within wavelength‐scale dimension, the proposed plasmonic vortex interferometers exhibit superior performance to directly measure the polarization state, spin and orbital angular momentum of incident beams. The proposed interferometry is straightforward and robust, and can be expected to be applied to different scenarios, fueling fundamental advances and applications alike.
A hybrid technique employed for efficiency improvement of tandem perovskite solar cell
Authors: Subha T. D. , Arunachalaperumal C. , Subash T. D. , Jeepa K. J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA hybrid approach is proposed for the influence of contact electrode and light power on the performance of tandem perovskite sun mobileular. The proposed hybrid method is the joint performance of human urbanization algorithm (HUA) and balancing composite motion optimization (BCMO); hence, it is known as HUA‐BCMO approach. The goal of the proposed system is (a) to analyze the layer composition of tandem perovskite solar mobileular, (b) to analyze the overall performance of formamidinium tin based totally perovskite sun mobileular, (c) to model an efficient hybrid sun mobileular, and (d) to examine the overall performance of the proposed sun mobileular. The impact of the absorber layer can be investigated and optimized the gadgets with the assist of HUA‐BCMO approach. Moreover, in this paper analyzed the impacts of various materials like electron transport layer, hole transport layer and the effect of back metal contact, absorber layer etc. Molecular dynamic examine can be discovered that the thermal properties of perovskite layers can be favorable to the sun mobileular efficiency and overall performance. Moreover, the impact of temperature variation on sun mobileular is analyzed and overall efficiency can be explored. It is found that low defect density to obtain high device performance. The overall performance of the proposed hybrid approach can be applied on MATLAB platform and as compared with current techniques.
Narrative review of the prevalence and distribution of acute pain in children in the self‐care setting
Authors: Shinde Nutan , Kanabar Dipak J. , Miles Lisa J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAcute pain among children is common, yet it may be underestimated and undertreated if the pain is not recognized. Assessing and managing pediatric pain can be complicated, and as such, measuring the prevalence of acute pain in children can be challenging. We sought to provide a consolidated review of the available data on the prevalence of commonly occurring acute pain in children in the self‐care setting. An extensive literature search was performed to determine the prevalence of acute pain at multiple bodily locations in children aged between 3 months and 18 years. We considered the influence of age, sex, and sociodemographic factors on prevalence estimates. We also sought to identify some of the challenges involved in assessing and managing pediatric pain, thus shedding light on areas where there may be clinical and medical unmet needs. In general, a high prevalence of acute pain in children was detected, particularly headache, menstruation‐related pain, and dental and back pain. Older age, female sex, and lower socioeconomic status were associated with increased pain prevalence. Risk factors were identified for all pain types and included psychological issues, stress, and unhealthy lifestyle habits. Owing to the heterogeneity in study populations, the prevalence estimates varied widely; there was also heterogeneity in the pain assessment tools utilized. The paucity of information regarding pain prevalence appears to be out of proportion with the burden of acute pain in children. This could indicate that clinicians may not be equipped with an optimal pain management strategy to guide their practice, especially regarding the use of developmentally appropriate pain assessment tools, without which prevalence data may not be captured. If acute pain is not accurately identified, it cannot be optimally treated. Further investigation is required to determine how the information from prevalence studies translates to the real‐world setting.
Field measurement of wind erosion flux and soil erodibility factors as affected by tillage and seasonal drought
Authors: Merrill Stephen D. , Zobeck Ted M. , Liebig Mark A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDuring periods of no or low crop growth in dryland cropping systems, tillage can reduce residue coverage and thereby elevate wind erosion risk. We measured wind erosion on a silt loam, Haplustoll soil in North Dakota (456 mm precipitation yr–1) in response to levels of tillage applied once in spring during fallow following a small grain–sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) rotation. Treatments were no‐tillage (NT), one‐pass tandem disk tillage (TDT), and two‐pass offset disk tillage (ODT). Erosion flux was measured with sediment samplers near peripheries of >1‐ha replicated plots from May through September 2003 and 2004. Soil losses in ODT, TDT, and NT were 12.0, 4.8, and 2.1 Mg ha–1, respectively, in 2003 and 2.6, 1.6, and 1.4 Mg ha–1 in 2004. The greatest loss, 12.0 Mg ha–1, was equivalent to 1‐mm soil depth. The two‐ to fivefold greater erosion in 2003, a year with 2 mo of <30% of average precipitation, appears linked to a decline in residue coverage. Coverage remained about the same in NT and increased in tilled treatments during 2004 with more average precipitation. Our measurements of wind erosion have shown how the residue‐destroying effects of a single tillage event can be considerably exacerbated by a moderate, seasonal drought. This indicates the critical importance of NT for limiting soil and residue disturbance and reducing wind erosion risk from drought‐affected plant growth failure in semiarid cropping systems.
The role of emotion regulation in couples’ stress communication and dyadic coping responses
Authors: Falconier Mariana K. , Wojda‐Burlij Alexandra K. , Conway C. Andrew , Kim Jinhee 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPartners’ ability to cope together in the face of stress—commonly known as dyadic coping (DC)—can promote individual and couple well‐being. However, little is known about the predictors of DC, including partners’ emotion regulation. This study examined (a) whether emotion regulation abilities are associated with partners’ DC responses, and (b) whether these associations are mediated by partners’ engagement in stress communication in a community sample of different‐gender couples (N = 239). Couples completed self‐report measures to assess their stress communication and DC responses (supportive, negative, and common DC) and six dimensions of emotion regulation (emotional awareness, acceptance, clarity, goal‐orientation, regulation strategies, and impulse control). Results from structural equation modelling analysis confirmed expected associations between stress communication and partners’ supportive and common DC responses. Additionally, only associations with women's emotion regulation emerged significant. First, women’s emotional awareness was associated with more supportive DC from men and common DC through increases in women’s stress communication. Second, women who endorsed emotional acceptance engaged in less supportive DC towards their partner. Third, women's goal‐orientation was associated with less supportive DC from each partner and common DC through decreases in men's stress communication. There were no associations with men's emotion regulation. Collectively, findings suggest that although women may manage their negative emotions in ways that are adaptive for their individual well‐being, these benefits may not always affect relationship functioning in the same way. Clinical implications and future research directions are discussed.
Eco‐friendly flame retardant epoxy nanocomposites based on polyphosphonate and halloysite nanotubes
Authors: Hamciuc Corneliu , Vlad‐Bubulac Tăchiță , Serbezeanu Diana , Lisa Gabriela , Anghel Ion , Preda Dana Maria 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe preparation of a novel polyphosphonate (PSFR) is described here, starting from phenylphosphonic dichloride and an equimolecular mixture containing equal amounts of two bisphenols, namely 4,4′‐dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone and 2‐(6‐oxido‐6H‐dibenzo<c,e><1,2>oxaphosphorin‐6‐yl)‐1,4‐benzenediol, following the polycondensation reaction in solution. Then, new environmental‐friendly nanocomposites having improved flame retardancy have been prepared by incorporating PSFR and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) into epoxy resin. The effect of PSFR and HNTs contents on the chemical and physical characteristics of epoxy nanocomposites was investigated. The success of the reactions was monitored by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) while microscopic related techniques (SEM) gave information on the morphology of the products. The thermosets exhibit glass transition temperatures in the range of 62.4–97.1°C and thermal decomposition temperatures in the interval of 296–359°C. The appearance of the char residues obtained by pyrolysis was studied by SEM measurements. The flammability behavior has been studied by microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC) tests. A considerable improvement in the flame retardancy of the thermosets was obtained by simultaneous incorporation of HNTs (10 wt%) and PSFR (equivalent of 1 wt% P) into epoxy resin.
SNPs Ability to Influence Disease Risk: Breaking the Silence on Synonymous Mutations in Cancer
Authors: Herreros Eduardo , Janssens Xander , Pepe Daniele , Keersmaecker Kim De 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCancer arises when normal cells are transformed into malignant cells by acquiring a number of hallmarks such as sustained proliferative signaling; evading cell death, growth suppression and immune destruction; replicative immortality; and activation of invasion and metastasis (Hanahan et al. 2000, 2011). Sequential accumulation of genetic mutations is a major cause of acquiring these cancer hallmarks in the cell transformation process, and hence a complete characterization of the landscape of pathogenic somatic and congenital mutations in cancer cells forms a holy grail to fully understand cancer biology. Indeed, a lot of effort has gone towards characterizing somatic missense and nonsense single nucleotide variants in the protein coding regions of the genome that result in amino acid substitutions, small insertions and deletions, or a premature STOP codon in the encoded protein. Synonymous mutations on the other hand, nucleotide changes that do not result in an amino acid change in the protein for which they encode, have previously attracted significantly less at attention as candidate cancer driver mutations. However, in a variety of other diseases such as cystic fibrosis, ataxia telangiectasia and even in hereditary cancer syndromes, a causative role for synonymous mutations in disease pathogenesis has been described (Sauna et al. 2011). In addition, the number of synonymous mutations that have a significant impact on the corresponding RNA and protein expression level or isoform in different cancer types is rapidly rising. It is thus becoming clear that there might be a significant fraction of synonymous mutations that are not as ‘silent’ as they have long been considered to be. In this chapter, we will discuss why synonymous mutations have received little attention in the context of cancer. Furthermore, we will describe the recent progress that was made in characterizing the landscape of oncogenic synonymous mutations as well as the variety of molecular mechanisms by which synonymous mutations affect RNA and protein expression levels of oncogenes and tumor suppressors.
Teaching Groundwater Flow and Contaminant Transport Modeling via a Sand-Tank Model
Authors: Li Liangping , Davis Arden D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this study, a sand-tank model as a physical analog of a real-world aquifer is presented for groundwater instruction. The sand tank is used for introducing flow nets and quantifying groundwater flow, for groundwater modeling and calibration via a spreadsheet, and for dye-transport modeling. Students learn from the sand tank through interaction and visualization, and by collecting and interpreting data. This integrates the theories from lectures into the sand-tank laboratories, enhancing students’ skills and understanding.
Development of a kriging-based regional flood frequency analysis technique for South-East Australia
Authors: Ali Sabrina , Rahman Ataur 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFlood is one of the most common natural disasters, which also triggers other natural disasters such as erosion and landslides. Flood damage can be minimised by ensuring optimum design of drainage infrastructure and other flood management tasks, which depends largely on reliable estimation of flood quantiles. This study investigates flood quantile estimation in ungauged catchments using a kriging-based regional flood frequency analysis (RFFA) technique. Three main research objectives are addressed in this study. Firstly, kriging-based RFFA models are developed using 558 catchments from eastern Australia in the range of frequent to rare flood quantiles (2, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 years of average recurrence intervals (ARIs)). Secondly, a validation of the models by adopting a leave-one-out (LOO) validation technique is undertaken to identify the best and the worst performing catchments across eastern Australia. Finally, a detailed comparison is made for the kriging-based RFFA technique with a generalised least-squares-based quantile regression technique, known as ‘RFFE model 2016’ using the same dataset to evaluate whether there are general patterns of the performance in different catchments. The study shows that for eastern Australia (a) the developed kriging-based RFFA model is a viable alternative for flood quantile estimation in ungauged catchments, (b) the 10-year ARI model Q10 performs best among the six quantiles, which is followed by the models Q5 and Q20, and (c) the kriging-based RFFA model is found to outperform the ‘RFFE model 2016’.
Combination of humic biostimulants with a microbial inoculum improves lettuce productivity, nutrient uptake, and primary and secondary metabolism
Authors: Savarese Claudia , Cozzolino Vincenza , Verrillo Mariavittoria , Vinci Giovanni , De Martino Antonio , Scopa Antonio , Piccolo Alessandro 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background and aims
Biostimulants of natural origin represent a growing ecological strategy to increase crops productivity, especially when applied in combination with microbial bioeffectors. We studied the effect of biostimulants such as Potassium Humates (KH) from Leonardite and Compost Tea (CT) from green compost on both productivity and nutritional status of lettuce plants, as well as on the primary and secondary metabolism of treated plants, when amended either alone or in combination with a commercial microbial inoculum (M+), mainly based on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Micosat TabPlus).

Results
The biomass production as well as the uptake of both macro- and micronutrients by lettuce plants significantly increased when amended by the mixture of both humic materials (MIX) combined with the microbial inoculum. Similarly, the synergic MIX_M+ treatment significantly affected both the primary and secondary metabolism of lettuce more than their individual applications, by increasing, respectively, the biosynthesis of essential amino acids and carbohydrates, and that of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds, such as hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonols and coumarins.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that a calibrated mixture of humic bioactive molecules in combination with microbial consortia represents a potential tool to improve crop productivity and its nutritional and metabolic status.
Were small businesses more likely to permanently close in the pandemic?
Authors: Fairlie Robert , Fossen Frank M. , Johnsen Reid , Droboniku Gentian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Previous estimates indicate that COVID-19 led to a large drop in the number of operating businesses operating early in the pandemic, but surprisingly little is known on whether these shutdowns turned into permanent closures and whether small businesses were disproportionately hit. This paper provides the first analysis of permanent business closures using confidential administrative firm-level panel data covering the universe of businesses filing sales taxes from the California Department of Tax and Fee Administration. We find large increases in closure rates in the first two quarters of 2020, but a strong reversal of this trend in the third quarter of 2020. The increase in closures rates in the first two quarters of the pandemic was substantially larger for small businesses than large businesses, but the rebound in the third quarter was also larger. The disproportionate closing of small businesses led to a sharp concentration of market share among larger businesses as indicated by the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index with only a partial reversal after the initial increase. The findings highlight the fragility of small businesses during a large adverse shock and the consequences for the competitiveness of markets.