bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PEDAL protocol: a prospective single-arm paired comparison of multiparametric MRI and 18F-DCPFyl PSMA PET/CT to diagnose prostate cancer
Authors: Tran Vy , Hong Anne , Sutherland Tom , Taubman Kim , Lee Su-Faye , Lenaghan Daniel , Sethi Kapil , Corcoran Niall M , Lawrentschuk Nathan , Woo H , Tarlinton Lisa , Bolton Damien , Spelman Tim , Thomas Lauren , Booth Russell , Hegarty Justin , Perry Elisa , Wong Lih-Ming 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionProstate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET) has emerged as valuable imaging to assessing metastatic disease in prostate malignancy. However, there has been limited studies exploring the utility PSMA-PET as primary imaging assessing for index lesions prior to biopsy. The primary objective of this study is to compare the diagnostic accuracy of 18-fluorine PSMA (18F DCFPyL PSMA) PET scans to multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) to detect primary prostate cancer at prostate biopsy.Methods and analysisThe PEDAL trial is a multicentre, prospective, single-arm, paired comparison, non-randomised phase III trial in subjects considered for diagnostic prostate biopsy. Subjects who are eligible for a diagnostic mpMRI prostate will undergo additional same-day 18 F DCFPyl PSMA PET/CT of the chest, abdomen and pelvis. Software coregistration of the mpMRI and PSMA-PET/CT images will be performed. The reporting of the mpMRI prostate, PSMA-PET/CT and PSMA PET/MRI coregistration will be performed blinded. The diagnostic accuracy of PSMA PET/CT alone, and in combination with mpMRI, to detect prostate cancer will be assessed. Histopathology at prostate biopsy will be used as the reference standard. Sample size calculations estimate that 240 subjects will need to be recruited to demonstrate 20% superiority of PSMA-PET/CT. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the combination of mpMRI prostate and PSMA PET/CT compared with targeted and systematic prostate biopsy will be evaluated. It is hypothesised that PSMA PET/CT combined with mpMRI prostate will have improved diagnostic accuracy compared with mpMRI prostate alone for detection of prostate cancer in biopsy-naïve men, resulting in a significant impact on patient management.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the independent Human Research Ethics Committee. Results will be published in peer-reviewed medical journals with eligible investigators will significantly contribute.Trial registration numberACTRN12620000261910.
Piloting of the virtual telecare technology ‘Addison Care’ to promote self-management in persons with chronic diseases in a community setting: protocol for a mixed-methods user experience, user engagement and usability pilot study
Authors: Krutter Simon , Schuessler Nadine , Kutschar Patrick , Šabić Edin , Dellinger Johanna , Klausner Tabea , Nestler Nadja , Beasley Morgan , Henderson Bailey , Pitzer Stefan , Mitterlehner Barbara , Langegger Doris , Winkler Anna , Kloesch Michael , Eßl-Maurer Roland , van der Zee-Neuen Antje , Osterbrink Jürgen 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionChronic diseases in older adults are one of the major epidemiological challenges of current times and leading cause of disability, poor quality of life, high healthcare costs and death. Self-management of chronic diseases is essential to improve health behaviours and health outcomes. Technology-assisted interventions have shown to improve self-management of chronic diseases. Virtual avatars can be a key factor for the acceptance of these technologies. Addison Care is a home-based telecare solution equipped with a virtual avatar named Addison, connecting older persons with their caregivers via an easy-to-use technology. A central advantage is that Addison Care provides access to self-management support for an up-to-now highly under-represented population—older persons with chronic disease(s), which enables them to profit from e-health in everyday life.Methods and analysisA pragmatic, non-randomised, one-arm pilot study applying an embedded mixed-methods approach will be conducted to examine user experience, usability and user engagement of the virtual avatar Addison. Participants will be at least 65 years and will be recruited between September 2022 and November 2022 from hospitals during the discharge process to home care. Standardised instruments, such as the User Experience Questionnaire, System Usability Scale, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scale, Short-Form-8-Questionnaire, UCLA Loneliness Scale, Geriatric Depression Scale, Stendal Adherence with Medication Score and Self-Efficacy for Managing Chronic Diseases Scale, as well as survey-based assessments, semistructured interviews and think-aloud protocols, will be used. The study seeks to enrol 20 patients that meet the criteria.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol has been approved by the ethic committee of the German Society for Nursing Science (21-037). The results are intended to be published in peer-reviewed journals and disseminated through conference papers.Trial registration numberDRKS00025992.
Prognosis of acute exacerbation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with pulmonary emphysema: a retrospective cohort study in Japan
Authors: Horio Yukihiro , Takihara Takahisa , Takahashi Fuminari , Enokida Keito , Nakamura Noriko , Tanaka Jun , Tomomatsu Katsuyoshi , Niimi Kyoko , Tajiri Sakurako , Hayama Naoki , Ito Yoko , Oguma Tsuyoshi , Asano Koichiro 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesTo analyse the clinical characteristics and prognosis of acute exacerbation (AE) in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and pulmonary emphysema.DesignA multicentre retrospective cohort studySettingTwo university hospitals in JapanParticipantsPatients admitted to hospitals due to AE of IPF diagnosed based on a multidisciplinary discussion.InterventionsNonePrimary and secondary outcome measures90-day mortality rateMethodsWe retrospectively analysed consecutive patients with AE of IPF, with or without pulmonary emphysema, admitted to two university hospitals between 2007 and 2018.ResultsAmong 62 patients (median age, 75 years; 48 men) admitted for AE of IPF, 29 patients (46%) presented with concomitant pulmonary emphysema. There was no significant difference in the arterial partial oxygen pressure/fraction of inhaled oxygen (P/F) ratio or other laboratory and radiographic data between patients with and without emphysema. The 90-day mortality rate was significantly lower in patients with emphysema than in those with IPF alone (23% vs 52%, p=0.03). The median survival time was significantly longer in patients with emphysema than in those with IPF alone (405 vs 242 days, p=0.02).ConclusionPatients with IPF and emphysema had better short-term survival after AE than those with non-emphysematous IPF.
Child and family-focused interventions for child maltreatment and domestic abuse: development of core outcome sets
Authors: Powell Claire , Feder Gene , Gilbert Ruth , Paulauskaite Laura , Szilassy Eszter , Woodman Jenny , Howarth Emma 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThe current evidence for child maltreatment (CM) and domestic violence and abuse (DVA) interventions is limited by the diversity of outcomes evaluated and the variety of measures used. The result is studies that are difficult to compare and lack focus on outcomes reflecting service user or provider priorities.ObjectiveTo develop core outcome sets (COSs) for evaluations of child and family-focused interventions for: (1) CM and (2) DVA.DesignWe conducted a two-stage consensus process. Stage 1: a long list of candidate outcomes across CM and DVA was developed through rapid systematic reviews of intervention studies, qualitative and grey literature; stakeholder workshops; survivor interviews. Stage 2: three-panel, three-round e-Delphi surveys for CM and DVA with consensus meetings to agree with the final COSs.Participants287 stakeholders participated in at least one stage of the process (ie, either CM or DVA COS development): workshops (n=76), two e-Delphi surveys (n=170) and consensus meetings (n=43). Stakeholders included CM and DVA survivors, practitioners, commissioners, policymakers and researchers.ResultsStage 1 identified 335 outcomes categorised into 9 areas and 39 domains. Following stage 2, the final five outcomes included in the CM-COS were: child emotional health and well-being; child’s trusted relationships; feelings of safety; child abuse and neglect; service harms. The final five outcomes in the DVA-COS were: child emotional health and well-being; caregiver emotional health and well-being; family relationships; freedom to go about daily life; feelings of safety.ConclusionsWe developed two COSs for CM and DVA with two common outcomes (child emotional health and well-being; feelings of safety). The COSs reflect shared priorities among service users, providers and researchers. Use of these COSs across trials and service evaluations for children and families affected by CM and DVA will make outcome selection more consistent and help harmonise research and practice.
EPI-ASTHMA study protocol: a population-based multicentre stepwise study on the prevalence and characterisation of patients with asthma according to disease severity in Portugal
Authors: Jácome Cristina , Brito Dinis , João Catarina , Lopes Filipa , Santos Janete , Amorim Liliana , Barbosa Maria João , Pardal Marisa , Teixeira Pedro , Bernardo Filipa , Fonseca Joao A , Correia-de-Sousa Jaime 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionIn Portugal as in other countries, data on the epidemiology of asthma are mainly grounded in questionnaire studies. Additionally, the detailed characterisation of asthma in terms of disease severity, control and phenotypes remain scarce. Studies assessing the prevalence of asthma and its subgroups using accurate methods are needed. This study aims to determine the prevalence of asthma, difficult-to-treat asthma and severe asthma, and to evaluate sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of those patients, in mainland Portugal.Methods and analysisA population-based nationwide study with a multicentre stepwise approach will be conducted between 2021 and 2023 in 38 primary care centres of the Portuguese National Health Service. The stepwise approach will comprise four stages: Stage 0—telephone call invitation to adult subjects (≥18 years) randomly selected (n~15 000); stage 1—telephone screening interview assessing the participants’ respiratory symptoms (n~7500); stage 2—diagnostic visit, including physical examination, diagnostic tests (eg, spirometry, fraction of exhaled nitric oxide, blood eosinophil count) and patient-reported outcome measures for diagnostic confirmation of those identified with possible asthma at stage 1 (n~1800); stage 3—further evaluation of patients with asthma and of patients with difficult-to-treat asthma and severe asthma, after 3 months (n~460). At stage 3, data will be collected from a review of the patient’s electronic health records, a follow-up telephone call and the CARATm (Caracteristicas Auto-reportadas de Asma em Tecnologias Móveis) app database. The prevalence of asthma, difficult-to-treat asthma and severe asthma will be determined as the percentage of patients with asthma confirmed from the overall population (stage 1). For the analysis of factors associated with asthma, difficult-to-treat asthma and severe asthma, logistic regression models will be explored.Ethics and disseminationEthical approvals for the study were obtained from the ethics committee of the local health unit of Matosinhos, Porto (38/CES/JAS), Alto Minho (38/2021/CES) and the regional health administration of Lisbon-Vale do Tejo (035/CES/INV/2021). Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT05169619.
Physiological responses and adaptations to exercise training in people with or without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jakobsson Johan , De Brandt Jana , Nyberg André 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionExercise training is a cornerstone in managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), leading to several physiological adaptations including, but not limited to, structural and muscular alterations, increased exercise capacity and improved cognitive function. Still, it is not uncommon that the acute physiological response to an exercise session and the extent of chronic adaptations to exercise training are altered compared with people without COPD. To date, potential differences in acute physiological responses and chronic adaptations in people with or without COPD are not fully understood, and results from individual studies are contradictory. Therefore, the current study aims to synthesise and compare the acute physiological responses and chronic adaptations to exercise training in people with COPD compared with people without COPD.Methods and analysesA systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs), non-randomised studies of interventions (NRSIs) and cross-sectional studies (CSSs) will be conducted. A comprehensive search strategy will identify relevant studies from MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, CENTRAL and Cochrane Airways Trials Register databases. Studies including adults with and without COPD will be considered. Outcomes will include cardiorespiratory, muscular and cognitive function, intramuscular adaptations, lung volumes and cardiometabolic responses. The protocol is reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols and the Cochrane Methodological Expectations of Cochrane Intervention Reviews. Risk of bias assessment will be conducted using Cochrane Risk-of-Bias 2 Tool (for RCTs), Risk-of-Bias in Non-Randomised Studies Tool (for NRSIs) and Downs and Black checklist (for CSS). Meta-analyses will be conducted when appropriate, supplemented with a systematic synthesis without meta-analysis.Ethics and disseminationAs this study is a systematic review, ethical approval is not required. The final review results will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at international conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022307577
Exercise and obstructive sleep apnoea: a 24-week follow-up study
Authors: Karlsen Trine , Engstrøm Morten , Steinshamn Sigurd L 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveReport on long-term follow-up results in the apnoea hypopnea index (AHI) and self-reported daytime sleepiness in participants with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnoea at 12 weeks after completion of a high-intensity exercise training or control intervention.MethodsTwenty-six participants with obstructive sleep apnoea (body mass index (BMI) 37 (36–39) kg/m, age 52 (49–55) years, apnoea-hypopnoea index 40.5 (31.3–50.2) events/hour), randomised to either 12 weeks of supervised high-intensity interval training (HIIT) (4×4 min of treadmill running or walking at 90%–95% of maximal heart rate) or no intervention (control), underwent a sleep evaluation follow-up 24 weeks after intervention initiation. Respiratory measures during sleep were registered at baseline, 12 weeks (postintervention) and 24 weeks (long-term follow-up).ResultsAt the 24-week follow-up, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups in the AHI (HIIT 30.7 (17.2–44.1) and control 38.7 (22.8–54.5) events/hour), Epworth score (HIIT 7.0 (4.7–9.3) and control 5.5 (3.9–7.0)), mean oxygen saturation (HIIT 93.2 (92.5–93.9) and control 92.0 (91.1–92.8)) or oxygen desaturation events (HIIT 32.9 (20.4–45.4) and control 44.3 (27.3–61.3) n/hour). BMI remained unchanged from the baseline in both groups. In the HIIT group, only two participants reported having continued with HIIT at 24 weeks.ConclusionThe effect of 12 weeks of supervised high-intensity exercise training on AHI and self-reported daytime sleepiness was lost at the 24-week follow-up.
Fatigue is independently associated with disease activity assessed using the Physician Global Assessment but not the SLEDAI in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Mertz Philippe , Piga Matteo , Chessa Elisabetta , Amoura Zahir , Voll Reinhard E , Schwarting Andreas , Maurier Francois , Blaison Gilles , Bonnotte Bernard , Poindron Vincent , Fiehn Christoph , Lorenz Hanns-Martin , Korganow Anne-Sophie , Sibilia Jean , Martin Thierry , Arnaud Laurent 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesTo analyse whether reported fatigue, one of the most challenging manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), may bias the assessment of disease activity in SLE according to the Physician Global Assessment (PGA).MethodsPatients from the Lupus BioBank of the upper Rhein database, a cross-sectional multicentre collection of detailed clinical and biological data from patients with SLE, were included. Patients had to fulfil the 1997 American College of Rheumatology criteria for SLE and the PGA (0–3 scale) at the time of inclusion had to be available. Fatigue was assessed according to the Fatigue Scale for Motor and Cognitive Functions. Univariate and multivariate regression models were built to determine which variables were associated with the PGA.ResultsA total of 350 patients (89% female; median age: 42 years, IQR: 34–52) were included. The median Safety of Estrogens in Lupus Erythematosus National Assessment-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SELENA-SLEDAI) score was 4 (IQR: 2–6). Of these 350 patients, 257 (73%) reported significant fatigue. The PGA (p=0.004) but not the SELENA-SLEDAI (p=0.43) was significantly associated with fatigue. Both fatigue and SELENA-SLEDAI were independently associated with the PGA in two different multivariate models.ConclusionFatigue is independently associated with disease activity assessed using the PGA but not the SLEDAI. These findings highlight the fact that the PGA should capture only objectively active disease manifestations in order to improve its reliability.
Coupled-channel description for mirror mass-11 nuclei compared to shell-model structures
Authors: Amos K. , Karataglidis S. , Canton L. , Fraser P. R. , Murulane K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe spectra of mass-11 nuclei are unusual, and so pose a challenge for nuclear-structure theory. Relating to nucleon emission, the set of isobars range from being well-bound ($$^{11}$$

11

B,$$^{11}$$

11

C) through weakly bound ($$^{11}$$

11

Li, $$^{11}$$

11

Be), to being proton unstable ($$^{11}$$

11

N,$$^{11}$$

11

O). To add complexity, the weakly bound $$^{11}$$

11

Li takes the form of a two-nucleon halo nucleus. A self-consistent approach to understand this set of nuclei is especially important as the mirror pair $$^{11}$$

11

Be-$$^{11}$$

11

N exhibit a parity-inverted ground state compared to their neighboring nuclei. Herein, the Multi-Channel Algebraic Scattering method (MCAS) has been used to describe the low excitation spectra of those isobars in terms of nucleon-nucleus clusters. A collective model description of the low-excitation states of the mass-10 mass-10 core nuclei has been used to form the coupled-channel interactions required in the method. For comparison, and to understand the underlying configurations, a shell model approach has been used to obtain those spectra with no-core $$(0+2+4)\hbar \omega $$

(
0
+
2
+
4
)
ħ
ω

and $$(0+2)\hbar \omega $$

(
0
+
2
)
ħ
ω

shell-model spaces for the mass 10 and mass 11 nuclei respectively. The results of the calculations suggest the need of a strong coupling in the collective coupled-channel vibrational model. In particular, the strong coupling of the collective $$2^+_1$$

2
1
+

state of $$^{10}$$

10

Be to the valence neutron plays a decisive role in forming the positive parity ground state in $$^{11}$$

11

Be; an effect confirmed by the shell-model results.
Evolution equation for elastic scattering of hadrons
Authors: Kakkad Hiren , Kohara Anderson Kendi , Kotko Piotr 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe turn high energy elastic scattering of hadrons into an initial value problem using an evolution equation based on the Regge Field Theory, which has a form of the complex nonlinear reaction–diffusion equation, with time being played by the logarithm of energy. The initial conditions are provided by the data-driven models for the real and imaginary parts of the amplitude. Numerical calculations of pp differential cross sections and forward quantities for LHC energies agree very well with experimental data extending up to, and including the diffractive cone. Furthermore, we show that at current accessible energies the non-linear effects play an important role, as the impact parameter space profiles approach the unitarity bound. The equation also predicts some other effects discussed in the literature, like the hollowness of nuclear matter or existence of stationary points in momentum transfert.
The ReBB model and its H(x) scaling version at 8 TeV: Odderon exchange is a certainty
Authors: Szanyi I. , Csörgő T. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Real Extended Bialas-Bzdak (ReBB) model is shown here to describe, in the $$0.37 \le -t \le 1.2$$

0.37
≤
-
t
≤
1.2

GeV$$^2$$

2

region, the proton-proton elastic differential cross section data published by the TOTEM Collaboration at LHC at $$\sqrt{s} = 8 $$

s

=
8

TeV center of mass energy. In this kinematic range, corresponding to the diffractive minimum-maximum region, a model-dependent Odderon signal higher than 18 $$\sigma $$
σ
is obtained by comparing the ReBB model prediction for the $$p{\bar{p}}$$

p

p

¯

elastic differential cross section to this TOTEM measured pp elastic differential cross section data at 8 TeV. However, when combining this signal with the Odderon signals from the ReBB model in the $$0.37 \le -t \le 1.2$$

0.37
≤
-
t
≤
1.2

GeV$$^2$$

2

four-momentum-transfer range at $$\sqrt{s} = $$

s

=

1.96, 2.76 and 7 TeV, it turns out that the combined significance is dominated not by the new 8 TeV but by that of earlier 7 TeV TOTEM data, that carry an even larger Odderon effect. Thus, in any practical terms, within the framework of the ReBB model, the Odderon signal in the limited $$0.37 \le -t \le 1.2$$

0.37
≤
-
t
≤
1.2

GeV$$^2$$

2

and $$1.96 \le \sqrt{s} \le 8$$

1.96
≤

s

≤
8

TeV kinematic region is not a probability, but a certainty. We show also that the H(x) scaling version of the ReBB model works reasonably well at 8 TeV in the $$0.37 \le -t \le 0.97$$

0.37
≤
-
t
≤
0.97

GeV$$^2$$

2

region.
Charged and rotating multi-black holes in an external gravitational field
Authors: Astorino Marco , Viganò Adriano 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe construct analytical and regular solutions in four-dimensional General Relativity which represent multi-black hole systems immersed in external gravitational field configurations. The external field background is composed by an infinite multipolar expansion, which allows to regularise the conical singularities of an array of collinear static black holes. A stationary rotating generalisation is achieved by adding independent angular momenta and NUT parameters to each source of the binary configuration. Moreover, a charged extension of the binary black hole system at equilibrium is generated. Finally, we show that the binary Majumdar–Papapetrou solution is consistently recovered in the vanishing external field limit. All of these solutions reach an equilibrium state due to the external gravitational field only, avoiding in this way the presence of any string or strut defect.