bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multimodality imaging in acute myocarditis
Authors: Muscogiuri Giuseppe , Guaricci Andrea Igoren , Cau Riccardo , Saba Luca , Senatieri Alberto , Chierchia Gregorio , Pontone Gianluca , Volpato Valentina , Palmisano Anna , Esposito Antonio , Basile Paolo , Marra Paolo , D'angelo Tommaso , Booz Christian , Rabbat Mark , Sironi Sandro 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe diagnosis of acute myocarditis often involves several noninvasive techniques that can provide information regarding volumes, ejection fraction, and tissue characterization. In particular, echocardiography is extremely helpful for the evaluation of biventricular volumes, strain and ejection fraction. Cardiac magnetic resonance, beyond biventricular volumes, strain, and ejection fraction allows to characterize myocardial tissue providing information regarding edema, hyperemia, and fibrosis. Contemporary cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) can not only be extremely important for the assessment of coronary arteries, pulmonary arteries and aorta but also tissue characterization using CCTA can be an additional tool that can explain chest pain with a diagnosis of myocarditis.
The basic heart anatomy and physiology from the cardiologist's perspective: Toward a better understanding of left ventricular mechanics, systolic, and diastolic function
Authors: Trifunović‐Zamaklar Danijela , Jovanović Ivana , Vratonjić Jelena , Petrović Olga , Paunović Ivana , Tešić Milorad , Boričić‐Kostić Marija , Ivanović Branislava 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA comprehensive understanding of the cardiac structure–function relationship is essential for proper clinical cardiac imaging. This review summarizes the basic heart anatomy and physiology from the perspective of a heart imager focused on myocardial mechanics. The main issues analyzed are the left ventricular (LV) architecture, the LV myocardial deformation through the cardiac cycle, the LV diastolic function basic parameters and the basic parameters of the LV deformation used in clinical practice for the LV function assessment.
Novel nuclear medical procedures in the detection of microvascular dysfunction
Authors: Grozdic Milojevic Isidora , Kozarevic Nebojsa , Sobic‐Saranovic Dragana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCoronary microvascular dysfunction is present in two‐thirds of patients showing symptoms and signs of myocardial ischemia. Their microcirculation has abnormalities due to endothelial and smooth muscle cell dysfunction. Impairment of this mechanism causes a high risk of adverse cardiovascular event. Diagnosing coronary microvascular dysfunction is challenging. Guidelines recommend the use of nuclear medicine procedures in the above‐mentioned indications. Myocardial perfusion imaging with positron emission tomography is a novel procedure with high diagnostic accuracy and quality of images. It has short acquisition, low effective radiation dose and prognostic factors. There are still unknowns about this procedure and all its benefits.
Multimodality imaging for the management of patients with primary mitral regurgitation
Authors: Vratonjic Jelena , Jovanovic Ivana , Petrovic Olga , Paunovic Ivana , Boricic‐Kostic Marija , Tesic Milorad , Nedeljkovic‐Arsenovic Olga , Maksimovic Ruzica , Ivanovic Branislava , Trifunovic‐Zamaklar Danijela 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAdvanced cardiac imaging (ACI), including myocardial deformation imaging, 3D echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance, overcomes the limitations of conventional echocardiography in the assessment of patients with primary mitral regurgitation (MR). They enable a more precise MR quantification and reveal early changes before advanced and irreversible remodeling with depressed heart function occurs. ACI permits a thorough analysis of mitral valvular anatomy and MR mechanisms (important for planning and guiding percutaneous and surgical procedures) and helps to identify structural and functional changes coupled with a high arrhythmogenic potential, especially the occurrence of atrial fibrillation and heart failure development. The key question is how the data provided by ACI can improve the current management of primary MR.
Clinical exome sequencing identifies novel compound heterozygous mutations of the POMT2 gene in patients with limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy
Authors: Zhao Xiangyu , Gao Chunhai , Li Lin , Jiang Liangqian , Wei Yuda , Che Fengyuan , Liu Qiji 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveMutations in protein O‐mannosyltransferase 2 (POMT2) (MIM#607439) have been identified in severe congenital muscular dystrophy such as Walker–Warburg syndrome (WWS) and milder limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy type 2N (LGMD2N). The aim of this study is to investigate the genetic causes in patients with LGMD2N.MethodsThree patients diagnosed with mild limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy were recruited. The genetically pathogenic variant was identified by clinical exome sequencing, and healthy controls were verified by Sanger sequencing.ResultsNovel compound heterozygous mutations c.800A > G and c.1074_1075delinsAT of POMT2 were revealed in one affected individual by clinical exome sequencing. There was no report of these two variants and predicted to be highly damaging to the function of the POMT2.ConclusionThe novel variants extend the spectrum of POMT2 mutations, which promotes the prognostic value of testing for POMT2 mutations in patients with LGMD2N.
Stormwater drives seasonal geochemical processes beneath an infiltration basin
Authors: McQuiggan Rachel , Andres A. Scott , Roros Andreanna , Sturchio Neil C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDeicing salt is an important component of road safety during winter storms. Stormwater infiltration best management practices aim to prevent the salt from polluting streams and waterways, but this may shift pollutants to groundwater resources. In response to limited field studies investigating groundwater quality impacts caused by input of salt from stormwater infiltration best management practices, we monitored water levels and quality of groundwater at various depths in an unconfined aquifer around a stormwater infiltration basin using in situ sensors coupled with grab sampling. Our observations revealed differences in groundwater chemistry with depth in the aquifer and processes that were driven by the seasonal changes in the chemistry of stormwater (salt‐impacted in winter and fresh in non‐winter) recharging the aquifer. Water–matrix interactions in the vadose zone beneath the basin affected the transport of sodium (Na) into groundwater following non‐winter recharge. Sodium movement through the aquifer was delayed relative to chloride (Cl), indicating a longer residence time of Na in the vadose zone. Radium (Ra) concentrations were correlated with Cl concentrations, suggesting salt‐impacted recharge caused desorption of Ra into groundwater because of increased salinity. Stormwater‐influenced groundwater followed a preferential flow path due to heterogeneity of the aquifer materials, and water chemistry varied with time and location along the flow path. These results highlight the importance of well screen length, placement and depth, and frequency of observations when designing a monitoring network.
Identification of novel factors that affect the onset of idiopathic chronic pancreatitis: The role for microRNA‐323b‐5p
Authors: Sun Chang , Liu Mu‐Yun , An Wei , Liu Jun‐Cen , Yang Fu , Wang Fang , Jiang Jing‐Xian , Zhou Qi , Jia Yin , Wang Yue , Yuan Ji‐Hang , Ma Li‐Zhe , Sun Xiao‐Ru , Wang Luo‐Wei , Liao Zhuan , Li Zhao‐Shen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe c.194+2 T>C variant of serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 1 (SPINK1) is a known genetic risk factor found in Chinese patients with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis (ICP), but the early‐onset mechanisms of ICP are still unclear.MethodsComplementary experimental approaches were used to pursue other potential pathologies in the present study. The serum level of SPINK1 of ICP patients in the Han population in China was detected and verified by an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Next, differentially expressed proteins and microRNAs from plasma samples of early‐onset and late‐onset ICP patients were screened by proteomic analysis and microarray, respectively.ResultsCombined with these advanced methods, the data strongly suggest that the regulatory effects of microRNAs were involved in the early‐onset mechanism of the ICP by in vitro experiments. There was no significant difference in the plasma SPINK1 expression between the early‐onset ICP and the late‐onset patients. However, the expression of plasma glutathione peroxidase (GPx3) in early‐onset ICP patients was markedly lower than that in late‐onset ICP patients, although the level of hsa‐miR‐323b‐5p was lower in late‐onset patients compared to the early‐onset ICP group. In vitro experiments confirmed that hsa‐miR‐323b‐5p could increase apoptosis in caerulein‐treated pancreatic acinar cells and inhibit the expression of GPx3.ConclusionsThe up‐regulated hsa‐miR‐323b‐5p might play a crucial role in the early‐onset mechanisms of ICP by diminishing the antioxidant activity through the down‐regulation of GPx3.
129Xe and Free‐Breathing 1H Ventilation MRI in Patients With Cystic Fibrosis: A Dual‐Center Study
Authors: Marshall Helen , Voskrebenzev Andreas , Smith Laurie J. , Biancardi Alberto M. , Kern Agilo L. , Collier Guilhem J. , Wielopolski Piotr A. , Ciet Pierluigi , Tiddens Harm A. W. M. , Vogel‐Claussen Jens , Wild Jim M. 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundFree‐breathing 1H ventilation MRI shows promise but only single‐center validation has yet been performed against methods which directly image lung ventilation in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF).PurposeTo investigate the relationship between 129Xe and 1H ventilation images using data acquired at two centers.Study typeSequence comparison.PopulationCenter 1; 24 patients with CF (12 female) aged 9–47 years. Center 2; 7 patients with CF (6 female) aged 13–18 years, and 6 healthy controls (6 female) aged 21–31 years. Data were acquired in different patients at each center.Field Strength/Sequence1.5 T, 3D steady‐state free precession and 2D spoiled gradient echo.AssessmentSubjects were scanned with 129Xe ventilation and 1H free‐breathing MRI and performed pulmonary function tests. Ventilation defect percent (VDP) was calculated using linear binning and images were visually assessed by H.M., L.J.S., and G.J.C. (10, 5, and 8 years' experience).Statistical TestsCorrelations and linear regression analyses were performed between 129Xe VDP, 1H VDP, FEV1, and LCI. Bland–Altman analysis of 129Xe VDP and 1H VDP was carried out. Differences in metrics were assessed using one‐way ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis tests.Results129Xe VDP and 1H VDP correlated strongly with; each other (r = 0.84), FEV1 z‐score (129Xe VDP r = −0.83, 1H VDP r = −0.80), and LCI (129Xe VDP r = 0.91, 1H VDP r = 0.82). Bland–Altman analysis of 129Xe VDP and 1H VDP from both centers had a bias of 0.07% and limits of agreement of −16.1% and 16.2%. Linear regression relationships of VDP with FEV1 were not significantly different between 129Xe and 1H VDP (P = 0.08), while 129Xe VDP had a stronger relationship with LCI than 1H VDP.Data Conclusion1H ventilation MRI shows large‐scale agreement with 129Xe ventilation MRI in CF patients with established lung disease but may be less sensitive to subtle ventilation changes in patients with early‐stage lung disease.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 2
Divergent effects of biological and physical processes on dissolved oxygen and dissolved inorganic carbon dynamics on a eutrophied and hypoxic continental shelf
Authors: Quiñones‐Rivera Zoraida J. , Wissel Björn , Turner R. Eugene , Rabalais Nancy N. , Justić Dubravko , Finlay Kerri P. , Milan Charles S. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTDissolved oxygen (DO) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) represent reciprocal sides of aquatic metabolism. In closed systems, absolute DO and DIC changes follow a ~ 1 : 1 ratio, but in open systems coupling depends on mixing, air–sea gas exchange, and anaerobic respiration. To quantify DO–DIC controls in coastal waters, we evaluated their concentrations and stable isotopes together with water quality and physical conditions across the hypoxic zone off the Louisiana continental shelf in July 2002 and July 2003. This area is characterized by high yet variable productivity and strong seasonal changes in vertical stratification and river discharge. Prior to 2003, this area was impacted by two tropical systems that could impact vertical stratification and mixing with offshore waters. The relationship between DO and DIC displayed three patterns: (1) In bottom waters, DO and DIC showed similar (opposing) trends in concentrations and stable isotopes in both years, largely associated with nutrients and algal biomass. (2) In 2002, DO and DIC concentrations in surface waters followed similar spatial patterns (reflecting algal biomass, salinity, and nutrients). However, due to different atmospheric gas exchange, DIC depletion exceeded DO supersaturation sixfold. Accordingly, short‐term (DO) and long‐term productivity (DIC) were on the same trajectory. (3) In 2003, DO and DIC were decoupled in surface waters. High DO concentrations correlated with algal biomass (recent production) while DIC concentrations followed salinity (past production). Understanding challenges and opportunities of using DO and DIC individually or combined is critical for quantifying metabolic patterns and capturing impacts of natural variability and climate change on eutrophic continental shelfs.
Precise determination of dolomite content in marine sediments
Authors: Wurgaft Eyal , Wang Zhaohui Aleck , Shalev Netta , Morag Navot , Golan Rotem , Gavrieli Ittai 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDolomite (CaMg[CO3]2) is a common rock‐forming mineral. Nevertheless, its mechanisms of formation and the factors that cause dolomite concentration variations within the sedimentary records constitute long‐standing geochemical questions. In addition, the flux of Mg2+leaving the ocean by the formation of dolomite is a controversial question, with some studies arguing that dolomite formation is a negligible Mg2+sink in the modern ocean, while others show that it constitutes more than 50% of the total Mg2+removal rate. An important factor that impedes the resolution of the dolomite Mg2+flux is the lack of analytical methods with adequate precision and detection limit to directly measure minute quantities of authigenic dolomite in marine sediments. Here, we present a new analytical method for direct, precise measurement of dolomite content in marine sediments. The method is based on sequential leaching of carbonate minerals in acid and tracks the CO2emitted by the dissolution. Based on the measurement of gravimetric standards of calcite and dolomite, the method's detection limit and precision were determined as better than 0.2 and ± 0.2 dry wt% of dolomite, respectively. The method out‐performed dolomite quantification made by x‐ray diffraction and by inductive coupled plasma mass‐spectrometry, which provided precision of ± 2 and ± 1 dry wt%, respectively. Measurements of the dolomite content in modern sediments from the seafloor below the oligotrophic Eastern Mediterranean and the eutrophic Mississippi plume, and in clayey‐silty alluvial soil from south‐eastern Israel, demonstrated that the aforementioned precisions are also valid for natural samples.
Gas phase lubrication study with an organic friction modifier
Authors: Eickworth Jennifer , Wagner Jonas , Daum Philipp , Dienwiebel Martin , Rühle Thomas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFriction modifier additives play a crucial role in controlling friction and wear of lubricated tribological systems. Model experiments in a controllable atmosphere performed by integrating a tribometer into a system of in situ surface analytical methods in vacuum can give insights into the additives functionality. In this work, thin, well‐defined layers of an organic friction modifier (OFM) are adsorbed onto an iron oxide surface by means of an effusion cell immediately before measuring friction and wear. The results show that contrary to the assumption that homogeneous layers are formed, this OFM accumulates in droplets on the surface. Droplet number and radius increase with evaporation time. In friction tests, the smallest friction values are found for a low coverage of droplets. For larger droplets, friction increases due to a capillary neck of additive that forms between the sliding surfaces and is dragged along during the friction test.
A clinical bulbar assessment scale (CBAS) for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Ball Laura J. , Geske Jenenne A. , Burton Elizabeth , Pattee Gary L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroduction/AimsComprehensive and valid bulbar assessment scales for use within amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) clinics are critically needed. The aims of this study are to develop the Clinical Bulbar Assessment Scale (CBAS) and complete preliminary validation.MethodsThe authors selected CBAS items from among the literature and expert opinion, and content validity ratio (CVR) was calculated. Following consent, the CBAS was administered to a pilot sample of English‐speaking adults with El Escorial defined ALS (N = 54) from a multidisciplinary clinic, characterizing speech, swallowing, and extrabulbar features. Criterion validity was assessed by correlating CBAS scores with commonly used ALS scales, and internal consistency reliability was obtained.ResultsExpert raters reported strong agreement for the CBAS items (CVR = 1.00; 100% agreement). CBAS scores yielded a moderate, significant, negative correlation with ALS Functional Rating Scale‐Revised (ALSFRS‐R) total scores (r = −0.652, p < .001), and a strong, significant, negative correlation with ALSFRS‐R bulbar subscale scores (r = −0.795, p < .001). There was a strong, significant, positive correlation with Center for Neurologic Studies Bulbar Function Scale (CNS‐BFS) scores (r = 0.819, p < .001). CBAS scores were significantly higher for bulbar onset (mean = 38.9% of total possible points, SD = 22.6) than spinal onset (mean = 18.7%, SD = 15.8; p = .004). Internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha) values were: (a) total CBAS, α = 0.889; (b) Speech subscale, α = 0.903; and (c) Swallowing subscale, α = 0.801.DiscussionThe CBAS represents a novel means of standardized bulbar data collection using measures of speech, swallowing, respiratory, and cognitive‐linguistic skills. Preliminary evidence suggests the CBAS is a valid, reliable scale for clinical assessment of bulbar dysfunction.
Role of spiritual intelligence and demographic factors as predictors of occupational stress, quality of life and coronavirus anxiety among nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Yadollahpour Mohammad Hadi , Nouriani Marieh , Faramarzi Mahbobeh , Yaminfirooz Mousa , Shams Mohammad Ali , Gholinia Hemmat 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimThis study investigated the impact of spiritual intelligence and demographic factors in the prediction of occupational stress, quality of life and coronavirus anxiety among nurses.DesignA cross‐sectional study was planned.MethodsThe study was conducted among full‐time nurses who were employed in two teaching hospitals of Babol city which were referral centres for caring patients infected with COVID‐19 from February–May 2021. One hundred and twenty‐nine nurses completed five questionnaires including the demographic questions, Quality of life (WHOQOL‐BRIF), Occupational Role Questionnaire (ORQ), Spiritual Intelligence and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale.ResultsThe findings revealed that 69% of the nurses experienced moderate occupational stress, moderate quality of life and low coronavirus anxiety. Spiritual intelligence was the only significant negative predictor of occupational stress (β = −0.517, p = <0.001). The only positive predictor of quality of life was perceived income adequacy. Predicting factors of coronavirus anxiety were the perceived income adequacy as protective (β = −0.221, p = 0.022) and the number of children as predisposing (β = 0.401, p = 0.004) factors. These findings should be considered when planning nursing interventions for improvement of occupational stress, quality of life and anxiety especially during crises like the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Mutually exclusive genetic interactions and gene essentiality shape the genomic landscape of primary melanoma
Authors: Birkeälv Sofia , Harland Mark , Matsuyama Larissa Satiko Alcantara Sekimoto , Rashid Mamun , Mehta Ishan , Laye Jonathan P , Haase Kerstin , Mell Tracey , Iyer Vivek , Robles‐Espinoza Carla Daniela , McDermott Ultan , van Loo Peter , Kuijjer Marieke L , Possik Patricia A , Maria Engler Silvya Stuchi , Bishop D Timothy , Newton‐Bishop Julia , Adams David J 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMelanoma is a heterogenous malignancy with an unpredictable clinical course. Most patients who present in the clinic are diagnosed with primary melanoma, yet large‐scale sequencing efforts have focused primarily on metastatic disease. In this study we sequence‐profiled 524 American Joint Committee on Cancer Stage I–III primary tumours. Our analysis of these data reveals recurrent driver mutations, mutually exclusive genetic interactions, where two genes were never or rarely co‐mutated, and an absence of co‐occurring genetic events. Further, we intersected copy number calls from our primary melanoma data with whole‐genome CRISPR screening data to identify the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) as a melanoma‐associated dependency. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
The utility of molecularly imprinted polymers for mass spectrometric protein and proteomics analysis
Authors: Halvorsen Trine Grønhaug , Reubsaet Léon 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSelective and efficient sample clean‐up is important in mass spectrometric protein‐ and proteomics analyses from biological matrices. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), polymers prepared to have tailor‐made cavities for capture of target analytes may by such represent an interesting alternative for selective clean‐up. The present review aims to give an overview of the utility of MIPs for protein capture from biological matrices prior to mass spectrometry (MS) analysis. The application of MIPs in depletion of abundant proteins, in protein and proteotypic peptide capture as well as in capture of post‐translational modifications (PTMs) is described and discussed. In addition, an overview of available MIP formats and their advantages and challenges is given, together with an overview of the mass spectrometric techniques used in protein analysis after MIP capture. Overall, the present literature demonstrates that for many applications MIPs for sample clean‐up in mass spectrometric protein and proteomics analysis from biological matrices is still not fully matured. MIPs for proteotypic peptide capture is the most mature approach and a method for routine use may be available within the next few years.