bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive Factors for Recurrence of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Gui Yan , Huang Dongmei , Hou Yun , Wei Xudong , Zhang Jinming , Wang Junyi 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in children and adolescents has increased, but the data on long-term outcomes are limited. There are few literatures on the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of PTC in children and adolescents in China. Therefore, it is necessary to identify clinicopathological features to precisely predict clinical prognosis and to help choose the optimal method and perform the best therapeutic regimen.MethodsThis study was a retrospective analysis of patients undergoing thyroidectomy at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital. We analyzed the factors related to the clinicopathological features and prognosis of PTC in children and adolescents.ResultsA total of 95 juvenile PTC patients who underwent thyroidectomy were enrolled. Our research found that patients with younger age (&lt;14 years) were predominantly multifocal and have positive preoperative thyroglobulin (Tg) and higher recurrence rate, and their number of lymph node metastases (LNMs) was more than that of the older group (14–18 years). Maximal tumor size &gt;2 cm, T stage, and multifocality were the risk factors for LNM and the number of LNM (p &lt; 0.05). Multivariate analysis displayed the number of central LNM as the independent risk factor for lateral LNM, and multifocality was the independent risk factor for the number of central and lateral LNM. Younger age at diagnosis, positive preoperative thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), maximal tumor size &gt;2 cm, lateral LNM, number of LNM, N staging, and American Thyroid Association (ATA) pediatric risk were related to poor prognosis in PTC patients (p &lt; 0.05). Cox regression analysis found that younger age at diagnosis and positive preoperative TSH were independent risk factors for recurrence of PTC in children and adolescents.ConclusionsOur study showed that the clinicopathological characteristics of younger age compared with older age were as follows: highly aggressive, prone to metastases, and higher recurrence rate. In our opinion, patients with characteristics such as younger age at diagnosis, positive preoperative TSH, maximal tumor size &gt;2 cm, lateral LNM, and number of LNM &gt;5 may be considered for prophylactic or therapeutic dissection of additional metastatic LNs by high-volume surgeons to prevent and reduce the recurrence rate of patients during long-term follow-up.
Comprehensive Analysis Identified ASF1B as an Independent Prognostic Factor for HBV-Infected Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Xianmo , Yi Huawei , Tu Jiancheng , Fan Wen , Wu Jiahao , Wang Li , Li Xiang , Yan Jinrong , Huang Huali , Huang Rong 
Published: February 2022

PurposeHepatitis B (HBV)-infected hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common cancers, and it has high incidence and mortality rates worldwide. The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma has been increasing in recent years, and existing treatment modalities do not significantly improve prognosis. Therefore, it is important to find a biomarker that can accurately predict prognosis.MethodsThis study was analyzed using the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and validated by the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) database. The STRING database was used to construct a gene co-expression network and visualize its functional clustering using Cytoscape. A prognostic signature model was constructed to observe high and low risk with prognosis, and independent prognostic factors for HBV-infected hepatocellular carcinoma were identified by Cox regression analysis. The independent prognostic factors were then analyzed for expression and survival, and their pathway enrichment was analyzed using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA).Results805 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained by differential analysis. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) showed that DEGs were mostly clustered in functional modules, such as cellular matrix response, cell differentiation, and tissue development. Prognostic characterization models showed that the high-risk group was associated with poor prognosis, while Cox regression analysis identified ASF1B as the only independent prognostic factor. As verified by expression and prognosis, ASF1B was highly expressed in HBV-infected hepatocellular carcinoma and led to a poor prognosis. GSEA showed that high ASF1B expression was involved in cell cycle-related signaling pathways.ConclusionBioinformatic analysis identified ASF1B as an independent prognostic factor in HBV-infected hepatocellular carcinoma, and its high expression led to a poor prognosis. Furthermore, it may promote hepatocellular carcinoma progression by affecting cell cycle-related signaling pathways.
Utility of Clinical–Radiomic Model to Identify Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer in Biparametric MRI PI-RADS V2.1 Category 3 Lesions
Authors: Jin Pengfei , Yang Liqin , Qiao Xiaomeng , Hu Chunhong , Hu Chenhan , Wang Ximing , Bao Jie 
Published: February 2022

PurposeTo determine the predictive performance of the integrated model based on clinical factors and radiomic features for the accurate identification of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) among Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) 3 lesions.Materials and MethodsA retrospective study of 103 patients with PI-RADS 3 lesions who underwent pre-operative 3.0-T MRI was performed. Patients were randomly divided into the training set and the testing set at a ratio of 7:3. Radiomic features were extracted from axial T2WI, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) images of each patient. The minimum redundancy maximum relevance (mRMR) and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) feature selection methods were used to identify the radiomic features and construct a radiomic model for csPCa identification. Moreover, multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to integrate the clinical factors with radiomic feature model to further improve the accuracy of csPCa identification, and the two are presented in the form of normogram. The performance of the integrated model was compared with radiomic model and clinical model on testing set.ResultsA total of four radiomic features were selected and used for radiomic model construction producing a radiomic score (Radscore). Radscore was significantly different between the csPCa and the non-csPCa patients (training set: p &lt; 0.001; testing set: p = 0.035). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age and PSA could be used as independent predictors for csPCa identification. The clinical–radiomic model produced the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) in the testing set was 0.88 (95%CI, 0.75–1.00), which was similar to clinical model (AUC = 0.85; 95%CI, 0.52–0.90) (p = 0.048) and higher than the radiomic model (AUC = 0.71; 95%CI, 0.68–1.00) (p &lt; 0.001). The decision curve analysis implies that the clinical–radiomic model could be beneficial in identifying csPCa among PI-RADS 3 lesions.ConclusionThe clinical–radiomic model could effectively identify csPCa among biparametric PI-RADS 3 lesions and thus could help avoid unnecessary biopsy and improve the life quality of patients.
Induction of Heme Oxygenase-1 Modifies the Systemic Immunity and Reduces Atherosclerotic Lesion Development in ApoE Deficient Mice
Authors: Yao Leyi , Hao Yali , Wen Guanmei , Xiao Qingzhong , Wu Penglong , Wang Jinheng , Liu Jinbao 
Published: February 2022

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has been reported to protect against oxidation and inflammation in atherosclerosis. It remains unclear how the immune system participates in the cytoprotective function of HO-1 in the context of atherosclerosis. In this study, we attempted to investigate the potential effect of a HO-1 inducer, hemin, and a HO-1 inhibitor, Tin-protoporphyrin IX (SnPP), on the progression of atherosclerosis in ApoE deficient mice. Using mass cytometry, 15 immune cell populations and 29 T cell sub-clusters in spleen and peripheral blood were thoroughly analyzed after hemin or SnPP treatment. SnPP elevated risk factors of atherosclerosis, whereas hemin reduced them. In-depth analysis showed that hemin significantly modified the immune system in both spleen and peripheral blood. Hemin increased dendritic (DC) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), but decreased natural killer (NK) cells. An opposite effect was observed with SnPP treatment in terms of NK cells. NK cells and MDSCs were positively and negatively correlated with total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein, respectively. Moreover, the T cell profiles were significantly reshaped by hemin, whereas only minor changes were observed with SnPP. Several hemin-modulated T cell clusters associated with atherosclerosis were also identified. In summary, we have unraveled an important regulatory role for HO-1 pathway in immune cell regulation and atherosclerosis. Our finding suggests that modulating HO-1 signaling represents a potential therapeutic strategy against atherosclerosis.
A Longitudinal Nationwide Study of Psychological Distress During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Chile
Authors: Duarte Fabián , Jiménez-Molina Álvaro 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundDespite numerous efforts to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health, there are few longitudinal studies that examine the change in the burden of psychological distress over time and its associated factors, especially in developing countries.ObjectiveThe primary aim of this study was to assess the levels of psychological distress at two time points during the COVID-19 outbreak based on a representative community sample in Chile. The secondary aim was to identify groups that are more vulnerable to psychological distress during the pandemic.MethodsA nationally representative, longitudinal telephone survey of Chilean adults was conducted. This study analyses panel data from two waves in 2020: May 30 to June 10 and September 15 to October 9. A total of 823 people participated in both surveys. Changes in mental health outcomes (anxiety and depressive symptoms) were assessed, estimating the effect of demographic characteristics, psychosocial and economic factors, household conditions, and health status.ResultsThere was a significant increase in psychological distress (PHQ-4 ≥ 6) between Waves 1 (22.6%) and 2 (27.0%), especially among younger participants. Overall, the results of this study show that being female, living in or near the capital, living in overcrowded households and having a perceived lack of space in the home, loneliness or perceived social isolation, and having received mental health treatment within the last year are significantly associated with psychological distress over time (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThis study highlights the need to implement psychosocial programs to protect people's psychological well-being, as well as social policies to improve household living conditions and levels of social connectedness during the COVID-19 outbreak.
The Association Between Smoking and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Chinese Individuals Aged 40 Years and Older: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Cheng Xi , Jin Chenggang 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the association between smoking and health-related quality of life among Chinese individuals aged 40 years and older.MethodUsing a stratified multistage sampling method, data from 1,543 adults aged 40 years and older were obtained from a household survey conducted in eight provinces in China. The health-related quality of life was quantified based on the utility index obtained using a standardized instrument entitled “The European Five-Dimensional Health Scale (EQ-5D-5L).” Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the demographic characteristics and social factors of the sample according to smoking status. An instrumental variable (IV) probit model was used to estimate the association between smoking status and health-related quality of life.ResultsOf the 1,543 participants, 485 (31.43%) were smokers and 1,058 (68.57%) were non-smokers. Smoking was negatively associated with the probability of having a higher quality of life (p &lt; 0.01). For smokers, the average probability of having a higher quality of life was 11.65% lower than when they did not smoke.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that smoking reduces health-related quality of life among Chinese individuals aged 40 years and older. Anti-smoking programs should consider this factor.
Reliability of Isokinetic Strength Assessments of Knee and Hip Using the Biodex System 4 Dynamometer and Associations With Functional Strength in Healthy Children
Authors: van Tittelboom Vanessa , Alemdaroglu-Gürbüz Ipek , Hanssen Britta , Heyrman Lieve , Feys Hilde , Desloovere Kaat , Calders Patrick , Van den Broeck Christine 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThis study aimed to analyze the reliability of concentric isokinetic strength assessments (knee and hip) using the Biodex System 4 in healthy children and assess the association with functional strength tests (sit-to-stand [STS], lateral-step-up [LSU]).Methods19 children (6–12 years) were included. Knee and hip flexion and extension, and hip abduction and adduction were tested at 60 and 90°/s.ResultsRelative and absolute reliability at 60°/s tended to show better results compared to those at 90°/s. Intra class correlations (ICCs) of knee flexion and extension at 60°/s were good (0.79–0.89). For hip flexion, extension, abduction and adduction at 60°/s ICCs were moderate to good (0.53–0.83). The smallest detectable change (SDC) values (expressed in %) were highly variable. The SDC% for knee flexion and extension and hip abduction at 60°/s were around 50%. Positive associations were found between hip extension and abduction isokinetic strength and the STS test.ConclusionConcentric isokinetic strength assessments in healthy children using the Biodex System 4 were found reliable for knee flexion and extension and hip abduction. Limited associations were found between concentric isokinetic strength tests and functional strength tests.
Study Protocol: Randomised Controlled Trial Assessing the Efficacy of Strategies Involving Self-Sampling in Cervical Cancer Screening
Authors: Lefeuvre Caroline , De Pauw Hélène , Le Duc Banaszuk Anne-Sophie , Pivert Adeline , Ducancelle Alexandra , Rexand-Galais Franck , Arbyn Marc 
Published: February 2022

Objectives: The cervical cancer screening coverage remains moderate (60%) in France. The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of two experimental invitation strategies (offer of urine or vaginal self-sampling kits) to reach under-screened populations and compare them with the current invitation strategy in rural departments (low medical density and low participation rate) in France.Methods: The study is a randomised controlled trial with three arms: a control arm (conventional invitation letter) and two experimental arms (mailing of a urine or vaginal self-sampling kit). The target population includes women aged 30–65 years, who had no screening test recorded since more than 4 years and who did not respond to an invitation letter within 12 months before. The primary outcome measure is the participation rate in each arm. A team of psychologists will also investigate attitudes and experiences by semi-structured/focus-group interviews with voluntary CapU4 participants and with health professionals.Result and conclusion: CapU4 will identify effective strategies to reach women not responding to current screening invitations and will generate information about acceptance of self-sampling among women and health professionals.
Feasibility of Creation of an Endovascular Arteriovenous Fistula in Patients Undergoing Preoperative Vascular Mapping
Authors: Al-Balas Alian , Varma Rakesh , Sharbidre Kedar , Al-Balas Hassan , Almehmi Ammar , Abdel Aal Ahmed Kamel , Robbin Michelle L. , Allon Michael 
Published: February 2022

Key Points

Among patients who were eligible for a surgical fistula, 63% were suitable for endoAVF.Older patients were less likely to have a vascular anatomy suitable for an endoAVF.Patients with a vascular anatomy suitable for an endoAVF were similar in sex, race, DM, HTN, CAD, and peripheral artery disease.

Background
The first endovascular arteriovenous fistula (endoAVF) device (WavelinQ), a novel percutaneous technique of AVF creation, was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2018 and has been placed in a small number of United States patients on hemodialysis. It is unknown how often patients with advanced CKD have vascular anatomy suitable for WavelinQ creation. The goal of this study was to determine the proportion of patients with vascular anatomy suitable for WavelinQ creation and to assess patient characteristics associated with such suitability.

Methods
All patients referred for vascular access placement at a large academic medical center underwent standardized preoperative sonographic vascular mapping to assess suitability for an AVF. During a 2-year period (March 2019 to March 2021), we assessed the suitability of the vessels for creation of WavelinQ. We then compared the demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and vascular mapping measurements between patients who were or were not suitable for WavelinQ.

Results
During the study period, 437 patients underwent vessel mapping. Of these, 51% of patients were eligible for a surgical AVF, and 32% were eligible for a WavelinQ AVF; 63% of those suitable for a surgical AVF were also suitable for a WavelinQ AVF. Patients with a vascular anatomy suitable for WavelinQ were younger (age 55±15 versus 60±14 years, P=0.01) but similar in sex, race, diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease, and peripheral artery disease.

Conclusions
Among patients with CKD with vascular anatomy suitable for a surgical AVF, 63% are also suitable for a WavelinQ endoAVF. Older patients are less frequently suitable for WavelinQ.
The Use of Real Time PCR for Justificationof Personalized Tactics of Laboratory Diagnosticsand Regimens of Treatment of Multifactorial Diseases on the Base of Identification of the Features of Changes in the Genomes of Diploid Organisms
Authors: Костюк С.А. , Полуян О.С. , Руденкова Т.В. 
Published: February 2022

Однонуклеотидный полиморфизм – самый распространенный тип полиморфизма. Общее число однонуклеотидных полиморфизмов в геноме человека составляет приблизительно 10 миллионов; распространенность в геноме человека – 3,2×106, встречаются через каждые 1–2 тысячи пар оснований. Они могут быть локализованы как в кодирующих, так и в некодирующих участках генома. Несинонимичные замены в кодирующих участках генов подвергаются действию отбора, тогда как однонуклеотидные полиморфизмы в некодирующих участках влияют на сплайсинг, деградацию мРНК и функцию регуляторных элементов. Однонуклеотидные полиморфизмы могут приводить к нарушениям экспрессии и регуляции генов и появлению белков с измененными функциональными свойствами. Скрининг однонуклеотидных полиморфизмов позволяет определить наследственную предрасположенность к различным мультифакторным заболеваниям, а также прогнозировать индивидуальную чувствительность к фармакологическим препаратам. В данной статье авторами описано несколько технологических подходов, используемых в настоящее время в молекулярно-генетических лабораториях, для определения однонуклеотидных полиморфизмов последовательностей ДНК, основанных на использовании метода ПЦР в режиме реального времени.
Single nucleotide polymorphism is the most common type of polymorphism. The total number of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the human genome is approximately 10 million; the prevalence in the human genome is 3.2×106, they occur in every 1–2 thousand base pairs. They can be localized in both coding and non-coding regions of the genome. Non-synonymous substitutions in the coding regions of the genes are the subject to selection, while single nucleotide polymorphisms in non-coding regions affect splicing, mRNA degradation, and the function of regulatory elements. Single nucleotide polymorphisms can lead to violations of gene expression and regulation, and the appearance of proteins with altered functional properties. Screening of single nucleotide polymorphisms allows to determine the hereditary predisposition to various multifactorial diseases, as well as to predict individual sensitivity to pharmacological drugs. In this article, the authors describe several technological approaches currently used in molecular genetic laboratories to determine single nucleotide polymorphisms of DNA sequences based on the use of real-time PCR.
The First Results of Pregnant Women’s Immunoserological Screening. Do We Need Specific Prevention of Rh-immunization In Presence of Another Type of Anti-erythrocyte Antibodies?
Authors: Козлякова О.В. , Климович О.В. , Гольдинберг Б.М. , Камалова О.В. , Рак М.А. , Автухова Т.Е. , Заяц И.А. , Дикая Т.В. 
Published: February 2022

Введение. В статье представлены результаты иммуносерологического скрининга беременных женщин. 41 025 беременных женщин было обследовано в 2019–2020 гг. в Городском центре трансфузиологии города Минска. Обсуждается вопрос специфической профилактики резус-иммунизации в случае выявления другого вида антиэритроцитарных антител.Целью исследования был анализ результатов иммуносерологического скрининга во время беременности с последующей оценкой профилактики резус-иммунизации у резус-отрицательных пациентов.Результаты. Различного вида антитела были выявлены у 458 пациентов, 198 пациентов имели антитела системы Резус, 260 – антитела к другим эритроцитарным антигенам. Описаны 2 клинических случая с антителами, не относящимися к системе Резус, и использованием антирезус Rhо[D] иммуноглобулина.Заключение. Скрининг аллоиммунных антител у женщин во время беременности является важным этапом своевременной диагностики изосерологической несовместимости между матерью и плодом, а также оценки рисков развития гемолитической болезни у плода и новорожденного. При наличии антиэритроцитарных антител неуточненной специфичности или минорных антител, не относящихся к системе Резус у D-негативных беременных женщин, необходим индивидуальный подход к проведению специфической профилактики.
Introduction. The results of pregnant women’s immunoserological screening are presented in the article. 41,025 pregnant women were examined in 2019-2020 in City Center of Transfusiology in Minsk. There is discussion about specific prevention of Rh-immunization in the cases with detection of another type of anti-erythrocyte antibodies.The purpose of the study was to analyze the results of immunoserological screening of alloimmune antibodies during pregnancy with a subsequent assessment of prevention of Rh-immunization in Rh-negative patients.Results. Different types of antibodies were detected in a total of 458 patients, 198 patients had antibodies of Rh system, 260 - antibodies of other erythrocyte antigens. Two clinical cases with non- Rhesus detecting anti-erythrocyte antibodies and usage of antirhesus Rho[D]-immunoglobulin are introduced in the article.Conclusions. Screening of alloimmune antibodies in women during pregnancy is an important step in diagnosis of izoserological incompatibility between mother and fetus, as well as the assessment of the fetus’s and newborn’s hemolytic disease risks. An individual approach to specific prevention and administration of anti-Rho[D] immunoglobulin is necessary if unspecified or minor anti-erythrocyte antibodies are detecting in D-negative pregnant women.