bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Essential oils: As Potential Larvicides
Authors: Gupta Meenakshi , Gupta Diptee 
Published: May 2022

Multiple synthetic products are used against mosquitoes to kill them and inhibit the transmission of these vector-borne diseases. The continuous use of these products produces detrimental effects on the environment and non-target organisms, which also develops resistance in the mosquito. In the last few decades, there has been a continuous exploration of herbal extract-based insecticides. These plants extract essential oils that have emerged as a potential eco-friendly alternative for the killing of larvae, the immature form of adult mosquitoes. In this review article, we focused on the larvicidal activity (LC50 values) of plant extracts obtained from various parts of plants. We evaluated results obtained from numerous essential oil larvicidal activities against prominent vectors belonging to the genera Anopheles, Aedes, and Culex, among others, that had been reported in various scientific data bases. The mode of action of these plant extracts are also discussed with reference to insecticidal activity. The major limitation of essential oils with their overcome solutions through formulation development is also highlighted. This review article reported that essential oils are potential substitutes for the development of larvicides, which may be employed in vector-borne illness control programmes. Overall, this remarkable summary and organization of data may be used to design, develop, and optimise herbal-based formulations with potential larvicidal efficacy.
Keywords: Essential oils; Larvicidal Activity; Herbal extract; Vector born-diseases.
Preparation and evaluation of moisturizing sheet mask of Lady Finger (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) extract
Authors: Nurussakinah , , Marbun Novarianti , Fhitriana Suzan , Leny Leny , Daeli Yedidiyanti 
Published: May 2022

Lady finger (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) pod contain polyphenolic compounds, carotene, folic acid, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin C, oxalic acid, and amino acids. Lady finger seed contain polyphenolic compounds, mainly oligomeric catechins and flavonol derivatives, protein (i.e., high lysine levels) and oil fraction (in particular, its derived oil is rich in palmitic, oleic, and linoleic acids). This study aimed to formulate a sheet mask of Lady Finger extract, and examining its moisturizing effect on volunteers' skin. This was an experimental study, which conducted by maceration of Lady Finger simplicia, then formulated the essence into sheet mask sheet preparation. Lady Finger extract was varied in 3%, 5% and 7% concentration. Evaluation of preparation include of the quality of the preparation (organoleptic, homogeneity, pH value, and stability). Sheet mask was then examined for its irritation test and effectiveness as moisturizer on volunteers skin. Moisturizing effect was seen each week for 4 weeks treatment by using it twice a week. The results showed that all sheet masks were homogeneous, had pH of 5.6-6.1, stable for 12 days of storage by using cycling test method, and did not irritate the skin. Moisturizing effect of Lady Finger extract sheet mask at 7% concentration was more effective than other concentrations in terms of increasing the water content by 37.36% and smoothness by 40.02%. It can be concluded that Lady Finger (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) extract can be formulated as an moisturizing sheet mask and 7% concentration of Lady Finger extract sheet mask preparation showed the best moisturizing activity.
Keywords: Moisturizing, Sheet Mask, Lady Finger, Extract
Development and Validation of Extractive Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate by using Smartphone Application
Authors: Bhati Kamini Narendrasinh , Mashru Rajashree 
Published: May 2022

A simple, sensitive, accurate, precise and reproducible extractive spectrophotometric method was developed for estimation of Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate (HCQS) in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. The method is based on formation of ion pair complex of Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate with Bromocresol green dye in acidic medium. This complex extracted in chloroform and measured quantitatively at 421nm for estimation of Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate present in the sample. In this method estimation was also done by using Smartphone Application known as PhotoMetrix pro. Beer Lambert’s law obeyed over a range of 2-10 μg/ml for HCQS by UV spectrophotometric (r²=0.9988) and by SmartPhone Image analysis (r²=0.999) method. The developed method was successfully applied for estimation of Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate in three commercial product tablet dosage form without interference from common additives. The assay was found to be 100.09%, 100.8%, 98.6% by UV and 99.2%, 101.46%, 101.1% using PhotoMetrix for three formulation containing Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate. The developed method was also validated according to ICH Q2 guideline for linearity, range, accuracy, and precision. Comparison for both method UV and PhotoMetrix done by performing t-test, result shows that there is no significant difference between both method so PhotoMetrix can be used as alternative to UV for routine analysis of Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate.
Keywords: Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate, Bromocresol green, Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate buffer, UV spectrophotometric, PhotoMetrix.
Audit Partner Industry Specialization and the Cost of Debt: Evidence from Thailand
Authors: Sanoran Kanyarat (Lek) 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Previous research reports a lower cost of debt when auditors are industry specialists at the national- and city-levels and at the firm- and office-levels. This study examines whether the cost of debt decreases with auditor industry specialization at the engagement partner level. Most audits are conducted on private companies and audit partners mainly gain industry expertise on private company audits. This paper uses data from public and private companies in Thailand and investigates the moderating effects of company type and the global financial crisis (GFC) on the association between auditor industry specialization and the cost of debt. The results indicate that audit partner industry specialization is negatively associated with the cost of debt only in the GFC period. In contrast to findings from prior studies, I find no additional benefit from hiring an industry specialist during the non-crisis period.
JEL Classifications: G21; M42.
Effect of the Sample Preparation and Light-curing Unit on the Microhardness and Degree of Conversion of Bulk-fill Resin-based Composite Restorations
Authors: Braga SSL , Schettini ACT , Carvalho ELO , Shimokawa CAK , Price RB , Soares CJ 
Published: May 2022

SUMMARY

Objective
To evaluate the effect of the sample preparation and light-curing units (LCUs) on the Knoop hardness (KH, N/mm2) and degree of conversion (DC, %) of bulk-fill resin-based composite restorations.

Methods
Two molds were made using human molar teeth embedded in acrylic resin. One was a conventional tooth mold where the molar received a mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) preparation. In the other, the tooth was sectioned in three slices (buccal, middle, and lingual). The center slice received a MOD preparation similar to the conventional mold. Both tooth molds were placed in the second mandibular molar position in a Dentoform with a 44-mm interincisal opening. Restorations were made using Opus Bulk Fill (FGM) high viscosity bulk-fill resin-based composite (RBC) and light cured using two different lights: VALO Cordless (Ultradent) and Bluephase G2 (Ivoclar Vivadent). The RBC was placed in one increment that was light-cured for a total of 80 seconds (40 seconds at the occluso-mesial and occluso-distal locations). The RBC specimens were then prepared as follows: EmbPol – tooth mold specimen was embedded in polystyrene resin and polished before testing; Pol – tooth mold specimen was not embedded, but was polished before testing; NotPol – sectioned tooth mold, specimen not embedded nor polished before testing. The KH was measured in different depths and regions of the specimens, and the DC was measured using Raman spectroscopy.

Results
The results were analyzed using a 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) or repeated measures followed by the Tukey post-hoc test (α=0.05). The preparation method (p&lt;0.001), depth of restoration (p&lt;0.001), and the interaction between method and depth (p=0.003) all influenced the KH values. Preparation method (p&lt;0.001), tooth region (p&lt;0.001), and the interaction between method and tooth region (p=0.002) all influenced DC values. The KH values were reduced significantly from the top to the bottom of the restorations and also at the proximal box when compared with the occlusal region. This outcome was most significant in the proximal boxes. The NotPol method was the most effective method to detect the effect of differences in KH or DC within the restoration. A lower DC and KH were found at the gingival regions of the proximal boxes of the restorations. When the KH and DC values were compared, there were no significant differences between the LCUs (KH p=0.4 and DC p=0.317).

Conclusion
Preparation methods that embedded the samples in polystyrene resin and polished the specimens reduced the differences between the KH and DC values obtained by different preparation techniques. The NotPol method was better able to detect differences produced by light activation in deeper areas.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Matematis Siswa SMA
Authors: . Zulkarnain , Fatimah Siti , Dahlan Jarnawi Afgani 
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa yang belajar melalui pembelajaran berbasis masalah dan siswa yang belajar melalui pembelajaran biasa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan desain kelompok kontrol non ekivalen. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X SMAN 1Rambah Samo tahun pelajaran 2013/2014. Sampel penelitian diambil dua kelas yaitu kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah tes dan non tes. Instrumen tes berupa soal tes kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis dan lembar observasi. Berdasarkan analisis data menggunakan SPSS 16.0 penelitian menemukan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa yang belajar melalui pembelajaran berbasis masalah lebih baik dari pada siswa yang belajar melalui pembelajaran biasa. Ditinjau dari kemampuan awal matematis siswa, terdapat perbedaan peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa yang belajar melalui pembelajaran berbasis masalah.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR PENYAJIAN DATA MELALUI MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) PADA SISWA KELAS VB SD NEGERI KRASAK 01 BREBES
Authors: Syafiqoh Nur Indah , Untari Mei Fita Asri , Nafiah Ulin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract : Improving Data Presentation Learning Outcomes through Problem Based Learning (PBL) Models for Class VB Students at SD Negeri Krasak 01 Brebes. This study aims to determine the improvement of mathematics learning outcomes through the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model in class VB SD Negeri Krasak 01 Brebes in the academic year 2020/2021. This type of research is classroom action research (CAR) which is carried out in three cycles. The research was conducted at SD Negeri Krasak 01 Brebes. The research subjects were 34 students of class VB, consisting of 17 male students and 17 female students. Data collection techniques used are interviews, observation, documentation, and learning outcomes tests. Furthermore, the collected data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative and quantitative descriptive methods. The results of data analysis showed that student learning outcomes (cognitive aspects) showed an increase from the first cycle, namely students completed as much as 70.6% with an average of 71.0 cycle II students completed 82.3% with an average of 78.9 until the second cycle. III students completed by 88.2% with an average of 83.6. Based on data analysis, research results, and discussion, it can be concluded that the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model can improve Mathematics learning outcomes for class VB at SD Negeri Krasak 01 Brebes for the 2020/2021 academic year.Keywords: Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model, Learning Outcomes, Mathematics.Abstrak : Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Penyajian Data melalui Model ProblemBased Learning (PBL) pada Siswa Kelas VB SD Negeri Krasak 01 BrebesPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar matematika melalui model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) pada siswa kelas VB SD Negeri Krasak 01 Brebes Tahun Pelajaran 2020/ 2021. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus. Penelitian dilakukan di SD Negeri Krasak 01 Brebes. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VB yang berjumlah 34 siswa, yang terdiri atas 17 siswa laki-laki dan 17 siswa perempuan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, dan tes hasil belajar. Selanjutnya data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa (aspek kognitif) menunjukkan peningkatan dari siklus I yaitu siswa tuntas sebanyak 70,6% dengan rata- rata 71,0 siklus II siswa tuntas sebesar 82,3% dengan rata-rata 78,9 sampai siklus III siswa tuntas sebesar 88,2% dengan rata-rata 83,6. Berdasarkan analisis data, hasil penelitian, dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar Matematika kelas VB SD Negeri Krasak 01 Brebes Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021.Kata Kunci: Model Problem Based Learning (PBL), Hasil Belajar, Matematika
Narrativas escolares y conciencia histórica
Authors: Cuesta Virginia , Garriga María Cristina , Pappier Viviana , Linare Cecilia Elizabet 
Published: May 2022

El presente trabajo forma parte de un proyecto de investigación desarrollado en Argentina durante 2016-2017. El mismo tiene como objetivo indagar cómo los jóvenes, que cursan quinto año de escuelas secundarias de la ciudad de La Plata, construyen sus ideas históricas. Para ello, analizamos las narrativas producidas por los estudiantes a quienes se les pidió que contaran por escrito a jóvenes extranjeros la historia de los últimos doscientos años de su paí­s. Consideramos que su análisis posibilita extraer conclusiones sobre la forma en que los jóvenes se apropian del conocimiento histórico a la vez que proporciona pistas para comprender mejor las prácticas docentes y reflexionar sobre la enseñanza de la Historia a partir del conocimiento del mundo conceptual de los alumnos.
Reflexiones acerca de los límites en los usos de las medidas anticautelares en la jurisprudencia ambiental
Authors: Berros Valeria , Neuman Clarisa 
Published: May 2022

Este artículo parte de una decisión judicial de febrero de 2021 proveniente de la la Sala I de la Cámara de Apelaciones en lo Civil y Comercial de la ciudad de Resistencia - “Fiscalía de Estado de la Provincia del Chaco s/medida cautelar” (Expte. Nº 7706/20-1-C) – que permite el análisis de una categoría que comienza lentamente relacionar conflictos ambientales con un tipo de medida destinada a la protección de bienes patrimoniales: las medidas anticautelares. Para ello se presenta un análisis del conjunto de resoluciones judiciales que terminaron por dar lugar a la sentencia de referencia. Luego, se identifican las características principales de este tipo de medidas. Por último, se presentan una serie de conclusiones sobre los límites en el uso de este tipo de herramienta procesal cuando existen derechos de incidencia colectiva implicados en el conflicto.
Apuntes sobre un exabrupto constitucional
Authors: Caputo Roque 
Published: May 2022

Este opúsculo tiene como objeto analizar, desde una perspectiva jurídica, el proceso de transferencia desde el Estado Nacional hacia la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires y a la Provincia de Buenos Aires del servicio público de distribución de energía eléctrica, a cargo de la Empresa Distribuidora Norte S.A. (EDENOR S.A.) y la Empresa Distribuidora Sur S.A. (EDESUR S.A.).
Estas palabras pretenden ser una investigación descriptiva que busca introducir al lector a la problemática desde una mirada crítica que no agota su estudio, simplemente se apuntan algunos elementos que ayudarán a abordarla.
Los Estudios Políticos de la Decisión Judicial en América Latina
Authors: Pereira José 
Published: May 2022

Este trabajo discute los Estudios Políticos de la Decisión Judicial (EPDJ), un campo de estudios empíricos del derecho que, enmarcado en los estudios socio-jurídicos, ha ingresado recientemente a la academia jurídica latinoamericana. Estos estudios consideran a las juezas como actoras políticas y utilizan herramientas teóricas y metodológicas de las ciencias políticas para analizar su comportamiento. Se esfuerzan en analizar las decisiones judiciales no en forma descriptiva y/o normativa, sino que buscan explicar por qué los jueces deciden lo que deciden.
Así, se discuten críticamente los modelos explicativos que entienden la decisión judicial como función de ciertas variables como las preferencias políticas de los jueces, las vicisitudes del contexto político donde operan, la ideológica jurídica a la que pertenecen y las propias prácticas de las burocracias donde desarrollan su cargo o se formaron como abogados. Especialmente, se analizan los marcos teóricos dominantes en América Latina y que estudiaron especialmente a los jueces de la Corte Suprema de Argentina.
Finalmente, se revisan las razones históricas, teóricas y metodológicas que inicialmente obstaculizaron su ingreso al campo de los estudios socio-legales, para luego abordar algunos puntos que deberían revisarse a los fines de consolidar el ingreso de los EPDJ en la academia jurídica latinoamericana.
Transvendo a rotina: espaço-tempo e cotidiano na Educação Infantil
Authors: Nunes Natália de Borba , Da Silva Camargo Maria Cecília , Da Silva Mello André 
Published: May 2022

Este artigo apresenta os tensionamentos entre rotina e cotidiano em uma turma de Educação Infantil de uma escola municipal da região central do Rio Grande do Sul. Definiu-se como objetivo compreender o processo pelo qual o cotidiano se manifesta nas rotinas escolares através das transformações protagonizadas pelas crianças. As observações participantes e registros produzidos em campo durante as interações com os sujeitos da pesquisa evidenciaram que as crianças transformam a rotina pedagógica através de brincadeiras e interações não previstas. Essas rupturas protagonizadas pelas crianças conflitam com a organização dos espaços-tempos pensados por adultos na rotina funcional da escola, gerando dissonância de interesses. Dentre os resultados obtidos, destacam-se a delicada relação entre os espaços-tempos adultos e infantis no cotidiano da Educação Infantil, além do velado apressamento para os processos de afabetização, que dificultam uma escuta sensível queacolha as contribuições das crianças e suas múltiplas expressões.
Research on behavioural differences in the processing of tenant listing information: An eye-movement experiment
Authors: Sun Jie , Chen Chang , Wu Chengliang , Zhang Yang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study uses eye-movement technology to validate the need for online comments to be introduced into the internet rental model and to investigate the factors influencing tenants’ behaviours in the processing of information and decision-making. It has been found that the online review system could significantly increase the rate of house-viewing decisions. Tenants’ decisions were more affected by subjective comments, which were mainly affected byregression behaviours. Gender factors have an impact on information processing, but not on decision-making. The housing type factor does not affect information processing but has a significant effect on decision-making behaviour.
Art Therapy Sebagai Manajemen Stres dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Wanita Pekerja
Authors: Dalimunthe Doli M jafar , Meutia Amalia , Lubis Andrew Satria 
Published: May 2022

Stres kerja adalah perasaan yang tertekan yang dialami oleh pegawai baik dari lingkungan kerja maupun lingkungan keluarga yang mengakibatkan menurunnya kinerja pegawai. Hal tersebut terjadi karena adanya ketidakseimbangan antara kedua peran tersebut dimana mengurus keluarga disisi lain dituntut untuk bekerja semaksimal mungkin. Untuk mengurangi tingkat stres maka diperlukan manajemen stres pegawai dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Art Therapy. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 40 wanita pegawai Bank BTN dan Bank BRI yang berada di lingkungan Universitas Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan disain one group pretest-posttest design. Penelitian ini menggunakan Skala Perceive Stress (PSS-10) yang dikembangkan Cohen, Kamarck, & Mermelstein (1994), skala ini terdiri dari 10 aitem yang disusun berdasarkan pengalaman dan persepsi individu tentang apa yang dirasakan dalam kehidupan mereka. Data diolah menggunakan alat bantu software SPPS 25 dengan menggunakan teknik analisis Paired Sampel Test dan Independen Sample Test, yaitu melihat perbandingan sebelum dan sesudah dilakukannya art therapy atau sering disebut Pretest dan Posttest. Hasil temuan menunjukkan pelatihan manajemen stres dengan menggunakan Art Therapy efektif menurunkan tingkat stress pegawai bank wanita di lingkungan Univesitas Sumatera Utara dari stres yang berat ke tingkat stress yang moderat.
Adaptasi Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Meindy Nadhira , Djunaidi Achmad , Triwahyuni Airin 
Published: May 2022

Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) merupakan instrumen pengukuran yang saat ini paling banyak digunakan untuk mengukur mindfulness. Artikel ini melaporkan proses dan hasil adaptasi FFMQ ke Bahasa Indonesia agar dapat digunakan pada populasi dewasa secara umum. Proses adaptasi dimulai dari mempersiapkan instrumen hingga pengukuran psikometri untuk membuktikan kelayakan FFMQ Bahasa Indonesia. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, didapatkan bahwa FFMQ Bahasa Indonesia memiliki konsistensi internal yang dapat diterima. FFMQ juga memiliki bukti validitas baik secara content maupun internal structure. Bukti validitas konten dilakukan melalui metode content validity index yang melibatkan tiga orang ahli. Bukti validitas internal structure dilakukan dengan melakukan uji confirmatory factor analysis terhadap model lima aspek mindfulness. Berdasarkan proses adaptasi yang dilakukan, FFMQ Bahasa Indonesia dapat digunakan untuk mengukur mindfulness pada populasi dewasa umum di Indonesia.