bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Altered contractility in mutation-specific hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A mechano-energetic in silico study with pharmacological insights
Authors: Forouzandehmehr Mohamadamin , Paci Michelangelo , Koivumäki Jussi T , Hyttinen Jari 
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Mavacamten (MAVA), Blebbistatin (BLEB), and Omecamtiv mecarbil (OM) are promising drugs directly targeting sarcomere dynamics, with demonstrated efficacy against hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in (pre)clinical trials. However, the molecular mechanism affecting cardiac contractility regulation, and the diseased cell mechano-energetics are not fully understood yet.Methods: We present a new metabolite-sensitive computational model of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) electromechanics to investigate the pathology of R403Q HCM mutation and the effect of MAVA, BLEB, and OM on the cell mechano-energetics.Results: We offer a mechano-energetic HCM calibration of the model, capturing the prolonged contractile relaxation due to R403Q mutation (∼33%), without assuming any further modifications such as an additional Ca2+ flux to the thin filaments. The HCM model variant correctly predicts the negligible alteration in ATPase activity in R403Q HCM condition compared to normal hiPSC-CMs. The simulated inotropic effects of MAVA, OM, and BLEB, along with the ATPase activities in the control and HCM model variant agree with in vitro results from different labs. The proposed model recapitulates the tension-Ca2+ relationship and action potential duration change due to 1 µM OM and 5 µM BLEB, consistently with in vitro data. Finally, our model replicates the experimental dose-dependent effect of OM and BLEB on the normalized isometric tension.Conclusion: This work is a step toward deep-phenotyping the mutation-specific HCM pathophysiology, manifesting as altered interfilament kinetics. Accordingly, the modeling efforts lend original insights into the MAVA, BLEB, and OM contributions to a new interfilament balance resulting in a cardioprotective effect.
Antipsychotic prescribing practices in real-life (APPREAL study): Findings from the French National Healthcare System Database (2007–2017)
Authors: Rolland Benjamin , Dalon Faustine , Gauthier Noémie , Nourredine Mikaïl , Bérard Marjorie , Carton Louise , Brousse Georges , Llorca Pierre-Michel , Jacoud Flore , Van Ganse Eric , Belhassen Manon 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundAntipsychotics are used in a large variety of psychiatric and neurological disorders; investigating their use in real life is important to understand national prescribing practices, as well as to determine the levels of patient adherence.MethodsUsing a 1/97e random sample (General Sample of Beneficiaries, EGB) of the French health insurance reimbursement database, we conducted a historical cohort study on the 2007–2017 period. The aim was to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of patients, the types of antipsychotics dispensed, the types of prescribers, the mean doses and average durations of treatment, the co-dispensed medications, and the levels of adherence to treatment. To exclude punctual uses of antipsychotics, we selected only patients with a continuous dispensing of the same antipsychotic over at least 3 months.ResultsIn total, 13,799 subjects (1.66% of the EGB sample) were included (56.0% females; mean age 55.8 ± 19.4 years). Risperidone (19.3%), cyamemazine (18.7%), olanzapine (11.9%), tiapride (8.8%), and haloperidol (7.5%) were the five most prescribed antipsychotics. 44.9% of prescriptions were written by general practitioners, 34.1% by hospital practitioners, and 18.4% by private-practice psychiatrists. On average, the mean dispensed doses were relatively low, but the variation range was large. Long-acting forms were used in 5.4% of the sample, and clozapine in 1.3%. 34.2% of patients received more than one antipsychotic, and almost 15% were prescribed at least three concomitant antipsychotics. Paliperidone and clozapine were associated with the highest levels of adherence, and risperidone and haloperidol with the lowest ones.ConclusionAn important heterogeneity of antipsychotic prescribing practices was observed in France. The rate of use of long-acting antipsychotics was low, whereas multiple antipsychotic prescriptions were frequent.
A cross-sectional survey exploring the attitude, knowledge, and use of anesthesia teams toward evidence-based practice in Riyadh Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al Anazi Salem Khalaf , Al Zahrani Waleed Abdullah , Alsanad Mohammed Abdulaziz , Alzahrani Matar Saeed , Al Ghamdi Ibrahim Saeed , Alotaibi Abdulmueen Awadh , Al maliki Mohammed Ali , Asiri Hamzah Mohammed , Alshehri Ghirman Mohammed , Alanazi Abdullah Salem , Al Anazi Abdulelah Khalaf 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundEvidence-based practice (EBP) plays a crucial role in improving the quality of healthcare services by ensuring the delivery of the highest and safest level of patient care since EBP helps in justifying treatment choices to patients. Studies that examine the levels of EBP knowledge, attitudes toward EBP, and use of the use of EBP within anesthetic teams' practice are lacking, hence it is necessary to explore this.AimTo evaluate anesthesia teams' levels of knowledge, attitude toward and use of the evidence-based practice in a local hospital in Saudi Arabia.MethodIn one hospital, a cross-sectional survey was conducted using a convenience sampling technique using a validated questionnaire instrument called the Evidence-Based Practice EBP Questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed through an online method to 173 participants. Descriptive and inferential statistics Tests were utilized to analyse the retrieved data using the SPSS program.ResultsOne hundred and forty questionnaires were completed and returned, yielding a response rate of 80.9%. Overall, anesthesia teams showed a high positive attitude toward EBP but low levels of knowledge and use of EBP. Participants with higher levels of education and/or work experience exhibited significantly higher levels of knowledge and use of EBP than those who had lower education levels and/or work experience. Also, higher levels of education and/or work experience exhibited a significant positive association toward a higher level of knowledge and use of EBP. However, attitude levels toward EBP did not exhibit either significant or associated. Physicians showed significantly higher knowledge and use of EBP than non-physicians. Lack of knowledge and lack of time due to workload were the leading barriers encountered by anesthesia teams ATs.ConclusionEducation level, work experience and job position affect the knowledge, attitude, and use of EBP. Continuous education and minimizing barriers are recommended to enhance the knowledge, attitude, and use of EBP among anesthesia teams in Saudi Arabia.
Evaluation of a community intervention program on knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Anhui Province, China
Authors: Gong Lei , Zhang Yong , Wang Jinsheng , Xiong Yingying , Wang Jiling , Wu Jiabing , Chen Fang , Zhu Meng , Cheng Donglin , Jiang Xuqin 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundSevere fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a novel infectious disease with no specific therapeutics and vaccines. We hypothesize that health education in vulnerable people would ameliorate their knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) regarding SFTS and reduce its prevalence.MethodsA four-stage cluster cross-section study in sixteen community units was performed. Sixteen groups were allocated to the intervention or control groups. A 6 months education program was administrated. The primary outcome was KAP scores 6 months after intervention. Predictors of KAP score changes were also analyzed.ResultsEight hundred and fifteen valid questionnaires pre-intervention and 767 ones post-intervention were retreated. No significant differences were found in demographic characteristics and KAP scores before intervention. A significant improvement in KAP score (16.8 ± 4.7 vs. 22.0 ± 4.2, p &lt; 0.001) in the intervention group was observed compare with the controls. Educational level and intervention program were the common predictors of KAP score changes.ConclusionsEducation improved KAP scores in SFTS vulnerable people which may contribute to the control of the disease.
Single-port robotic surgery for mediastinal tumors using the da vinci SP system: Initial experience
Authors: Yang Bo , Chen Ruiji , Lin Yingxue , Liu Yang 
Published: October 2022

PurposeStudies of single-port robot-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) using the da Vinci SP system, which uses a smaller surgical incision than the conventional multiport robot, have yet to be reported because of its smaller operating range. We report our initial experience using the da Vinci SP system in thoracic surgery for the resection of mediastinal tumors that requires a smaller workspace.DescriptionTwo patients diagnosed with superior mediastinal tumors underwent RATS performed with the da Vinci SP surgical system in January 2022. We used three-dimensional reconstruction to preoperatively determine the surgical incision. This is the first report of single-port RATS using the SP system in China.EvaluationR0 resection was achieved in both operations without complications. Operation times and bleeding volumes were similar to the use of multiport RATS. No perioperative complications occurred.ConclusionsThe da Vinci SP system can be used for the resection of superior mediastinal tumors. Case selection and preoperative planning should be performed prior to these surgeries.
The treatment efficacy of cortical bone trajectory (CBT) pedicle screws for lumbar degenerative disease in the Chinese Han population
Authors: Wu Jinhui , Lin Tao , Jiang Heng , Ma Jun , Zhang Ke , Zhao Jianquan , Zhou Xuhui , Wang Ce 
Published: October 2022

PurposeTo provide reference data on CBT pedicle screws from CT measurements of L1 to L5 in the Chinese Han population and to assess the treatment efficacy of CBT pedicle screws in cases of lumbar degenerative disease.MethodsIn total, 100 patients were identified from the CT database for CBT morphometric measurement of the lumbar spine. According to sex and age, patients were divided into four groups. The diameter, length, and angle of the vertebral pedicle and trajectory were measured. Then, a total of 36 patients with lumbar degenerative disease were included in this study for clinical and radiographic evaluation. Demographic characteristics, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and extent of intervertebral disc herniation and spondylolisthesis were evaluated.ResultsThe mean diameter and the mean length varied from L1 to L5 in Groups I to IV. The lateral angles ranging from L1 to L5 were 8.9 to 9.2°, 8.7 to 12.2°, 8.7 to 11.2°, and 9.2 to 10.1° in Groups I to IV, respectively. The cephalad angles from L1 to L5 were 23.5 to 28.6°, 24.7 to 26.6°, 25.0 to 28.2°, and 24.7 to 27.9° in Groups I to IV, respectively. In the case series, all patients’ neurological function and HRQOL were significantly improved at the final follow-up (p &lt; 0.0001), and 75% of patients achieved satisfaction.ConclusionsThe morphology of the lumbar vertebral pedicle varied from L1 to L5, and the trajectory was feasible and safe. CBT pedicle screws were effective in treating lumbar degenerative diseases and benefited the patients.
A Review of the National Family Health Survey Data in Addressing India’s Maternal Health Situation
Authors: Raj Papia , Gupta Nilanjana 
Published: October 2022

Objective: This study aims to understand the trend of research conducted on issues of maternal health in India considering data provided in five rounds of National Family Health Survey (NFHS).Methods: Systematic review of literature has been conducted using multi-stage search and review process adapted from Page et al.’s (2021) PRISMA. Initially 14,570 studies were identified and only 134 articles meeting selection criterion were considered in this study.Results: Approximately 32% studies have focused on regional and state variation of maternal health status; while 27% dealt with utilization of maternal healthcare services; and 19% the socio-economic determinants of maternal health. While few studies have discussed the place of delivery, antenatal care and post-natal care visits, only five studies focus on issues related to women’s autonomy, including their health-seeking behaviour, knowledge, attitude and practices related to maternal health.Conclusion: Non-communicable diseases and its role in maternal health still remains an unexplored domain of research on maternal health in India. Moreover, there exists geographical skewness in the number of studies conducted, focusing especially on few provinces while none on few others.
Adverse drug reactions and associated patient characteristics in older community-dwelling adults: a 6-year prospective cohort study
Authors: Doherty Ann S , Boland Fiona , Moriarty Frank , Fahey Tom , Wallace Emma 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundTo date, research on adverse drug reactions (ADRs) has focused on secondary care, and there is a paucity of studies that have prospectively examined ADRs affecting older adults in general practice.AimTo examine the cumulative incidence and severity of ADRs and associated patient characteristics in a sample of community-dwelling older adults.Design and settingProspective cohort study of older adults (aged ≥70 years,N= 592) recruited from 15 general practices in the Republic of Ireland.MethodManual review of the participant’s general practice electronic medical record, linked to the national dispensed prescription medicine database, and a detailed, self-reported patient postal questionnaire. The primary outcomes were ADR occurrence and severity over a 6-year period (2010–2016). Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression models examined potential associations between patient characteristics and ADR occurrence.ResultsA total of 211 ADRs were recorded for 159 participants, resulting in a cumulative incidence of 26.9% over 6 years. The majority of ADRs detected were mild (89.1%), with the remainder classified as moderate (10.9%). Eight moderate ADRs, representing 34.8% of moderate ADRs and 3.8% of all ADRs, required an emergency hospital admission. ADRs were independently associated with female sex (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.17 to 2.85;P= 0.008), polypharmacy (5–9 drug classes) (adjusted OR 1.81, 95% CI = 1.17 to 2.82;P= 0.008), and major polypharmacy (≥10 drug classes) (adjusted OR = 3.33, 95% CI = 1.62 to 6.85;P= 0.001).ConclusionThis prospective cohort study of ADRs in general practice shows that over one-quarter of older adults experienced an ADR over a 6-year period. Polypharmacy is independently associated with ADR risk in general practice and older adults on ≥10 drug classes should be prioritised for regular medication review.
Immune Thrombocytopenia in Children: What We Know, What We Need to Know
Authors: Углова Т.А. 
Published: October 2022

Иммунная тромбоцитопения (ИТП) – это аутоиммунное заболевание, характеризующееся значительным снижением количества тромбоцитов вследствие их разрушения и нарушений тромбоцитопоэза. Наиболее типичными механизмами формирования клинической картины ИТП являются дисфункция первичного гемостаза и потеря иммунной толерантности как к тромбоцитам, так и к антигенам мегакариоцитов. Эта неоднородность в популяции пациентов и характеристиках затрудняет для клиницистов выбор подходящего терапевтического режима. Следовательно, жизненно важно понимать патологические механизмы, лежащие в основе заболевания, и учитывать различные факторы, включая возраст пациента, уровень тромбоцитов, сопутствующие заболевания и предпочтения пациента, прежде чем начинать терапию. В этом обзоре суммируются последние достижения в патофизиологии ИТП и дается всесторонний обзор текущих терапевтических стратегий, а также потенциальных будущих препаратов для лечения ИТП.
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by a significant decrease in the number of platelets due to their destruction and thrombocytopoiesis disorders. The most frequent characteristics include dysfunction in primary haemostasis and loss of immune tolerance towards platelet as well as megakaryocyte antigens. This heterogeneity in patient population and characteristics make it challenging for the clinicians to choose appropriate therapeutic regimen. Therefore, it is vital to understand the pathomechanisms behind the disease and to consider various factors including patient age, platelet count levels, co-morbidities and patient preferences before initiating therapy. This review summarizes recent developments in the pathophysiology of ITP and provides a comprehensive overview of current therapeutic strategies as well as potential future drugs for the management of ITP.
Signaling molecules as biomarkers for predicting implant survival in people of different ages
Authors: Полякова А.А. , Медведев Д.С. , Козлов К.Л. , Полякова В.О. , Дробинцева А.О. 
Published: October 2022

У большинства пациентов старше 50 лет диагностируют заболевания зубочелюстного аппарата, в частности нарушения костной ткани, что приводит к снижению процента приживаемости имплантов. Выявление причин, а также разработка методики прогнозирования приживаемости малоинвазивными методами являются актуальными проблемами. Цель исследования - изучение маркеров плотных контактов в буккальном эпителии у людей разного возраста. Соскоб буккального эпителия брали до и после имплантации у пациентов, разделенных на пять возрастных групп - от молодого возраста до долгожителей. Иммуноцитохимическим методом изучали маркеры к белкам плотных контактов - клаудину-1, -7 и -10. Показано, что с возрастом происходит снижение интенсивности экспрессии молекул адгезии, в частности клаудина -1, -7 и -10, в слизистых оболочках, минимальные значения зафиксированы в группе долгожителей. В исследовании установлено, что после дентальной имплантации снижается экспрессия клаудинов-1 и -10 и увеличивается - клаудина-7. Изменение экспрессии клаудинов может свидетельствовать о развитии патологического процесса в организме, в том числе об успехе имплантации, особенно у людей старших возрастных групп.
Most patients over 50 years of age are diagnosed with diseases of the dentoalveolar apparatus, in particular, bone tissue disorders, which leads to a decrease in the survival rate of implants. Identification of the causes, as well as the development of a methodology for predicting survival by minimally invasive methods, is relevant. The aim of the study was to study the markers of tight junctions in the buccal epithelium (BE) in people of different ages. BE scrapings were taken before and after implantation in patients divided into 5 age groups, from young to centenarians. Immunocytochemical method was used to study markers for tight junction proteins - claudin-1, -7 and 10. It has been shown that with age there is a decrease in the intensity of expression of adhesion molecules, in particular claudin -1, -7 and -10 in the mucous membranes, the minimum values were recorded in the group of centenarians. The study found that after dental implantation, there was a decrease in the expression of claudin-1 and -10 and an increase in the expression of claudin-7. Changes in the expression of claudins may indicate the development of a pathological process in the body, including the success of implantation, especially in people of older age groups.
The main somatometric indicators in elderly men living in the conditions of the North
Authors: Аверьянова И.В. 
Published: October 2022

В исследовании представлены антропометрические показатели в выборке пожилых мужчин 60 лет и старше (средний возраст - 67±0,7 года, n=124), проживающих на территории Магаданской обл. У обследуемой выборки отмечено значимое снижение длины тела, обусловленное уменьшением роста сидя, что приводит к формированию непропорционального соматотипа, наблюдаемое на фоне увеличения окружности грудной клетки, общего содержания жира и ИМТ без снижения массы тела и мышечного компонента состава тела. Установлено, что избыточная масса тела была характерна для 58 %, ожирение I степени было выявлено у 25 % обследуемых, а нормальная масса тела была отмечена у 17 % мужчин пожилого возраста. Но при этом необходимо подчеркнуть, что в обследуемой группе при отсутствии значимой динамики массы тела относительно мужчин трудоспособного возраста было выявлено «искусственное» возрастание ИМТ на 2,1 кг/м2, обусловленное снижением длины тела. Установленная оптимальная средняя величина мышечного компонента в анализируемой выборке свидетельствует об отсутствии тенденции к саркопеническим проявлениям и отражает благоприятную тенденцию в формировании соматического статуса у лиц пожилого возраста, проживающих в условиях Севера. Таким образом, полученные в исследовании показатели физического развития в группе мужчин-северян пожилого возраста могут быть базой для формирования нормативных антропометрических данных, специфичных для данного возраста.
This study presents anthropometric indicators in a sample of elderly men aged 60 years and older (mean age 67±0,7 years, n=124) living in the Magadan region. It is shown that the examined sample has a significant decrease in body length due to a decrease in sitting height, which leads to the formation of a disproportionate somatotype and is observed against the background of an increase in chest circumference, total fat content and body mass index without a decrease in body weight and muscle component of body composition. It was found that overweight was characteristic of 58 %, obesity of the first degree was detected in 25 % of the subjects, and normal body weight was noted in 17 % of elderly men. But at the same time, it should be emphasized that in the examined group, in the absence of significant dynamics of body weight relative to men of working age, an «artificial» increase in BMI by 2,1 kg/m2 was detected, due to a decrease in body length. The absence of a decrease in the muscular component indicates the absence of a tendency to sarcopenic manifestations and reflects a favorable trend in the formation of the somatic status of elderly people living in the North. Thus, the indicators of physical development obtained in our study in the group of elderly Northerners can be the basis for the formation of normative anthropometric data specific to the elderly.