bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variation in initial and continued use of primary, mental health, and specialty video care among Veterans
Authors: Ferguson Jacqueline M. , Wray Charlie M. , Jacobs Josephine , Greene Liberty , Wagner Todd H. , Odden Michelle C. , Freese Jeremy , Van Campen James , Asch Steven M. , Heyworth Leonie , Zulman Donna M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo identify which Veteran populations are routinely accessing video‐based care.Data Sources and Study SettingNational, secondary administrative data from electronic health records at the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), 2019–2021.Study DesignThis retrospective cohort analysis identified patient characteristics associated with the odds of using any video care; and then, among those with a previous video visit, the annual rate of video care utilization. Video care use was reported overall and stratified into care type (e.g., primary, mental health, and specialty video care) between March 10, 2020 and February 28, 2021.Data CollectionVeterans active in VA health care (>1 outpatient visit between March 11, 2019 and March 10, 2020) were included in this study.Principal FindingsAmong 5,389,129 Veterans in this evaluation, approximately 27.4% of Veterans had at least one video visit. We found differences in video care utilization by type of video care: 14.7% of Veterans had at least one primary care video visit, 10.6% a mental health video visit, and 5.9% a specialty care video visit. Veterans with a history of housing instability had a higher overall rate of video care driven by their higher usage of video for mental health care compared with Veterans in stable housing. American Indian/Alaska Native Veterans had reduced odds of video visits, yet similar rates of video care when compared to White Veterans. Low‐income Veterans had lower odds of using primary video care yet slightly elevated rates of primary video care among those with at least one video visit when compared to Veterans enrolled at VA without special considerations.ConclusionsVariation in video care utilization patterns by type of care identified Veteran populations that might require greater resources and support to initiate and sustain video care use. Our data support service specific outreach to homeless and American Indian/Alaska Native Veterans.
Fast‐tracking bespoke DNA reference database generation from museum collections for biomonitoring and conservation
Authors: Dopheide Andrew , Brav‐Cubitt Talia , Podolyan Anastasija , Leschen Richard A. B. , Ward Darren , Buckley Thomas R. , Dhami Manpreet K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDespite recent advances in high‐throughput DNA sequencing technologies, a lack of locally relevant DNA reference databases limits the potential for DNA‐based monitoring of biodiversity for conservation and biosecurity applications. Museums and national collections represent a compelling source of authoritatively identified genetic material for DNA database development, yet obtaining DNA barcodes from long‐stored specimens may be difficult due to sample degradation. Here we demonstrate a sensitive and efficient laboratory and bioinformatic process for generating DNA barcodes from hundreds of invertebrate specimens simultaneously via the Illumina MiSeq system. Using this process, we recovered full‐length (334) or partial (105) COI barcodes from 439 of 450 (98%) national collection‐held invertebrate specimens. This included full‐length barcodes from 146 specimens which produced low‐yield DNA and no visible PCR bands, and which produced as little as a single sequence per specimen, demonstrating high sensitivity of the process. In many cases, the identity of the most abundant sequences per specimen were not the correct barcodes, necessitating the development of a taxonomy‐informed process for identifying correct sequences among the sequencing output. The recovery of only partial barcodes for some taxa indicates a need to refine certain PCR primers. Nonetheless, our approach represents a highly sensitive, accurate and efficient method for targeted reference database generation, providing a foundation for DNA‐based assessments and monitoring of biodiversity.
Extending Bayesian Elo‐rating to quantify the steepness of dominance hierarchies
Authors: Neumann Christof , Fischer Julia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe steepness of dominance hierarchies provides information about the degree of competition within animal social groups and is thus an important concept in socioecology. The currently most widely used metrics to quantify steepness are based on David's scores (DS) derived from dominance interaction networks. One serious drawback of these DS‐based metrics is that they are biased, that is, network density systematically decreases steepness values.We provide a novel approach to estimate steepness based on Elo‐ratings, implemented in a Bayesian framework (STEER: Steepness estimation with Elo‐rating). We evaluate and validate its performance by means of experimentation on empirical and artificial datasets and compare its performance to that of several other steepness estimators.STEER has two key advantages. First, it is unbiased, precise and more robust to data density than DS‐based steepness. Second, it provides explicit probability distributions of the estimated steepness coefficient, which allows uncertainty assessment. In addition, it relies on the same underlying concept and is on the same scale as the original measure, and thus allows comparison to existing published results.STEER provides a considerable improvement over existing methods to estimate dominance hierarchy steepness. We demonstrate its application with an example comparing within‐ and between species variation in steepness in a comparative analysis and present guidelines on how to use it. The R packageEloSteepnessallows convenient numeric and graphical assessment of the new steepness measure.
Increased incidence of shoulder dystocia but a declining incidence of obstetric brachial plexus palsy in vaginally delivered infants
Authors: Mollberg Margareta , Ladfors Linnea V. , Strömbeck Christina , Elden Helen , Ladfors Lars 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionObstetric brachial plexus palsy (OBPP) is a serious form of neonatal morbidity. The primary aim of this population‐based registry study was to examine temporal trends, 1997–2019, of OBPP in infants delivered vaginally in a cephalic presentation. The secondary aim was to examine temporal changes in the incidence of associated risk factors.Material and MethodsThis was a population‐based registry study including singleton, cephalic, vaginally delivered infants, 1997–2019, in Sweden. To compare changes in the incidence rates of OBPP and associated risk factors over time, univariate logistic regression was used and odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.ResultsThe incidence of OBPP in infants delivered vaginally in a cephalic presentation decreased from 3.1 per 1000 births in 1997 to 1.0 per 1000 births in 2019 (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.24–0.40). Conversely, the incidence of shoulder dystocia increased from 2.0 per 1000 in 1997 to 3.3 per 1000 in 2019 (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.34–2.01). Over time, the proportion of women with body mass index of 30 kg/m2 or greater increased (14.5% in 2019 compared with 8.0% in year 1997, OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.89–2.03), more women had induction of labor (20.5% in 2019 compared with 8.6% in 1997, OR 2.74, 95% CI 2.66–2.83) and epidural analgesia (41.2% in 2019 compared with 29.0% in 1997, OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.68–1.75). In contrast, there was a decrease in the rate of operative vaginal delivery (6.0% in 2019, compared with 8.1% in 1997, OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.69, 0.75) and in the proportion of infants with a birthweight greater than 4500 g (2.7% in 2019 compared with 3.8% in 1997, OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.66–0.74). The decline in the incidence of these two risk factors explained only a small fraction of the overall decrease in OBPP between 1997–2002 and 2015–219.ConclusionsThe incidence of OBPP in vaginally delivered infants in a cephalic presentation at birth decreased during the period 1997–2019 despite an increase in important risk factors including shoulder dystocia.
Why some people do not get vaccinated against COVID‐19: Social‐cognitive determinants of vaccination behavior
Authors: Han Qing , Zheng Bang , Abakoumkin Georgios , Leander N. Pontus , Stroebe Wolfgang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIt is puzzling that a sizeable percentage of people refuse to get vaccinated against COVID‐19. This study aimed to examine social psychological factors influencing their vaccine hesitancy. This longitudinal study traced a cohort of 2663 individuals in 25 countries from the time before COVID‐19 vaccines became available (March 2020) to July 2021, when vaccination was widely available. Multilevel logistic regressions were used to examine determinants of actual COVID‐19 vaccination behavior by July 2021, with country‐level intercept as random effect. Of the 2663 participants, 2186 (82.1%) had been vaccinated by July 2021. Participants' attitude toward COVID‐19 vaccines was the strongest predictor of both vaccination intention and subsequent vaccination behavior (p < .001). Perceived risk of getting infected and perceived personal disturbance of infection were also associated with higher likelihood of getting vaccinated (p < .001). However, religiosity, right‐wing political orientation, conspiracy beliefs, and low trust in government regarding COVID‐19 were negative predictors of vaccination intention and behavior (p < .05). Our findings highlight the importance of attitude toward COVID‐19 vaccines and also suggest that certain life‐long held convictions that predate the pandemic make people distrustful of their government and likely to accept conspiracy beliefs and therefore less likely to adopt the vaccination behavior.
Linezolid and the risk of QT interval prolongation: A pharmacovigilance study of the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System
Authors: Shao Haixia , Shi Dawei , Dai Ying 
Published: November 2022

AimsFew studies have investigated linezolid (LZD)‐associated cardiotoxicity. This study explored the potential association between LZD and QT interval prolongation.MethodsAdverse event reports of QT interval prolongation associated with LZD from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System from January 2013 to December 2021 were analysed and the reporting odds ratio (ROR) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated.ResultsA total of 6738 adverse event reports of LZD as the primary and secondary suspected drug were obtained from the database, including 192 reports with electrocardiogram QT prolonged (QTp), and the ROR value was 26.1 (95% CI = 22.6–30.2). There were 8 reports of long QT syndrome, ROR 14.2 (95% CI = 7.1–28.5); 5 reports of torsade de pointes, ROR 3.2 (95% CI = 1.3–7.6); and 5 reports of ventricular tachycardia, ROR 1.9 (95% CI = 0.8–4.5). Subgroup analysis revealed that patients with tuberculosis treated with LZD had a higher reporting rate among all QTp reports, exhibiting an odds ratio of 330.0 (95% CI = 223.1–488.1). The odds ratios of QTp associated with LZD treatments in patients with and without tuberculosis were 4.2 (95% CI = 3.4–5.3) and 1.2 (95% CI = 0.8–1.6), respectively.ConclusionThe study showed an association between LZD and QT interval prolongation. In the report on patients with tuberculosis, the incidence of QTp was higher when treated with LZD.
Discussion on “Instrumented Difference-in-Differences” by Ting Ye, Ashkan Ertefaie, James Flory, Sean Hennessy & Dylan S. Small
Authors: Kang Hyunseung 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We reinterpret the instrumented difference-in-differences (iDID) under a linear instrumental variables (IV) model. Under the linear IV model, we show why iDID is a clear improvement over two existing methods, difference-in-differences (DID) and a cross-sectional, IV analysis. We also re-express some of the assumptions of iDID using familiar, regression-based identification assumptions. We conclude with a method inspired by the linear IV model that can potentially remedy the weak identification problem in iDID.
Purity, politics, and polarization: Political ideology moderates threat‐induced shifts in moral purity beliefs
Authors: Leota Josh , Simpson David , Mazidi Daniel , Nash Kyle 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThere is considerable research showing that economic threat influences people's social and political views. There are two prevailing perspectives on threat and political attitudes, broadly defined as the Conservative Shift Hypothesis and the Entrenching Hypothesis. The former predicts that threat induces change in the conservative direction (for both conservatives and liberals), whereas the latter predicts that threat causes people to adhere more strongly to their prexisting political perspective. In two experimental studies (one pre‐registered replication), we find evidence in support of the Entrenching Hypothesis. Conservatives responded to Economic Threat with increased endorsement of the conservative moral foundation Purity, whereas liberals responded to Economic Threat with decreased endorsement of the Purity foundation. Economic Threat appears to increase commitment to one's pre‐existing political ideology and not conservatism specifically. Implications for psychological theory and future directions are discussed.
The postprandial secretion of peptide YY1‐36 and 3‐36 in obesity is differentially increased after gastric bypass versus sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Kowalka Anna M. , Alexiadou Kleopatra , Cuenco Joyceline , Clarke Rosemary E. , Minnion James , Williams Emma L. , Bech Paul , Purkayastha Sanjay , Ahmed Ahmed R. , Takats Zoltan , Whitwell Harry J. , Romero Maria Gomez , Bloom Stephen R. , Camuzeaux Stephane , Lewis Matthew R. , Khoo Bernard , Tan Tricia M.‐M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesPeptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) exists as two species, PYY1‐36 and PYY3‐36, with distinct effects on insulin secretion and appetite regulation. The detailed effects of bariatric surgery on PYY1‐36 and PYY3‐36 secretion are not known as previous studies have used nonspecific immunoassays to measure total PYY. Our objective was to characterize the effect of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB) on fasting and postprandial PYY1‐36 and PYY3‐36 secretion using a newly developed liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) assay.Design and SubjectsObservational study in 10 healthy nonobese volunteers and 30 participants with obesity who underwent RYGB (n = 24) or SG (n = 6) at the Imperial Weight Centre [NCT01945840]. Participants were studied using a standardized mixed meal test (MMT) before and 1 year after surgery. The outcome measures were PYY1‐36 and PYY3‐36 concentrations.ResultsPresurgery, the fasting and postprandial levels of PYY1‐36 and PYY3‐36 were low, with minimal responses to the MMT, and these did not differ from healthy nonobese volunteers. The postprandial secretion of both PYY1‐36 and PYY3‐36 at 1 year was amplified after RYGB, but not SG, with the response being significantly higher in RYGB compared with SG.ConclusionsThere appears to be no difference in PYY secretion between nonobese and obese volunteers at baseline. At 1 year after surgery, RYGB, but not SG, is associated with increased postprandial secretion of PYY1‐36 and PYY3‐36, which may account for long‐term differences in efficacy and adverse effects between the two types of surgery.
PIK3CA somatic mutations as potential biomarker for immunotherapy in elder or TP53 mutated gastric cancer patients
Authors: Yao Jun , You Qing , Zhang Xin , Zhang Yu , Xu Jiapeng , Zhao Xiaokai , Li Jieyi , Wang Xintao , Gong Ziying , Zhang Daoyun , Wang Weijun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) improve overall survival in patients with advanced gastric cancer (GC). However, the molecular characterization of GC in ICIs responders is unclear. A total of 288 advanced GC patients were included in this study. Next‐generation sequencing analysis was performed on tumor tissue and paired blood to screen for somatic mutants in 639 tumor‐associated genes. We demonstrated that ARID1A, HER2/3/4, KMT2C/2D, LRP1B, PIK3CA, SPTA1, and TP53 mutations were significantly correlated with high tumor mutation burden (TMB) score, as well as HER2 amplification. For HER2 and PIK3CA mutations types, this relationship was statistically significant with age and TP53 mutation status, which was also found in the CDH1 gene. These results were confirmed by sequencing 873 GC cases in the cBioPortal database. PIK3CA mutations appear to be associated with longer survival in elderly population and TP53 mutant subtypes. For the first time, we found that GC patients ≥60 years old or with TP53 mutated type and PIK3CA mutations were associated with higher TMB and better ICI response. Building upon the age and TP53 mutation status, this study suggested a novel stratification approach to GC patients and explored the correlations between genetic somatic mutations and TMB score.
Single incision simultaneous liver kidney transplantation: Feasibility and outcomes
Authors: Imai Daisuke , Sambommatsu Yuzuru , Sharma Amit , Kumaran Vinay , Cotterell Adrian H. , Khan Aamir A. , Lee Seung Duk , Gupta Gaurav , Levy Marlon F. , Bruno David A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundTraditionally, simultaneous liver kidney transplantation (SLK) has been performed using a subcostal incision for the liver allograft and a lower abdominal incision for kidney transplantation (dual incision, DI). At our institution, we performed SLK using a single subcostal incision (SI). The aim of this study was to report the outcomes of single versus dual incisions for SLK.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of consecutive SLK procedures performed at our center from January 2015 to April 2021 was performed. The demographic characteristics, complications, intraoperative findings, and complications after SI and DI were statistically compared.ResultsA total 37 SLK were performed (19 DI and 18 SI). The age and indications for transplantation were comparable between the two groups. Patient in SI group had significantly higher MELD score (27.0 ± 1.5 vs. 31.7 ± 1.5, p = .038). The cold ischemic time of kidney transplantation (599 ± 26 min vs. 447 ± 27 min, p < .001) and the total surgical time (508 ± 21 min vs. 423 ± 22 min, p = .008) were significantly shorter in the SI group. The incidence of complications and post‐transplant kidney function was comparable between the groups. A slightly higher incidence of surgical site complications was noted in the DI group without any statistically significance (p = .178).ConclusionsSingle‐subcostal incision SLK is technically feasible and has comparable outcomes to dual‐incision SLK. SI was associated with shorter cold ischemic time for kidney transplant, as well as shorter overall operative time.
Serum proprotein convertase subtilisin/Kexin type 9 and vascular disease in type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Armentaro Giuseppe , Carbone Federico , Cassano Velia , Liberale Luca , Minetti Silvia , Bertolotto Maria Bianca , Mannino Gaia , Fiorentino Teresa V. , Perticone Maria , Succurro Elena , Sesti Giorgio , Montecucco Fabrizio , Andreozzi Francesco , Sciacqua Angela 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundProprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels have been suggested as novel atherosclerotic biomarker. PCSK9 plays important roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by regulating the degradation of low‐density lipoprotein receptor as well as different inflammatory pathways. Considering the important prognostic role of arterial stiffness in cardiovascular disease (CVD), the aim of the study is to investigate the correlation between PCSK9 levels and arterial stiffness in a cohort of diabetic patients, without previous CV events.MethodsThis cross‐sectional analysis enrolled 401 Caucasian patients with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). PCSK9 levels were measured by ELISA test, arterial stiffness was estimated by measuring carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV).ResultsPatients were divided in three tertiles according to increasing value of PCSK9. From the I to the III tertiles, there was a significant increase in high sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP), fibrinogen and white blood cells (WBC) and a reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (e‐GFR). Patients with higher levels of PCSK9 presented increased systolic, diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure and PWV. PWV was significantly and directly correlated with PCSK9, fibrinogen, age, BMI and PP, and indirectly correlated with diet, lifestyle and e‐GFR. Serum PCSK9 was the major predictor of PWV, justifying a 16.9% of its variation.ConclusionOur study demonstrates a close association between circulating PCSK9 levels and PWV in T2DM subjects without previous CV events even after adjusting for well‐known CV risk factor and pharmacological medications. Serum PCSK9 could be a useful biomarker for CV risk stratification in diabetic subjects.
Evaluation of marginal/internal fit of fixed dental prostheses after digital, conventional, and combination impression techniques: A systematic review
Authors: Sarafidou Katia , Chatziparaskeva Maria , Chatzikamagiannis Dimitrios , Mpotskaris Vasileios , Tortopidis Dimitrios , Bakopoulou Athina , Kokoti Maria 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAdvances of digital technology are rapidly adopted in dental practice. This systematic review aimed to collect evidence on the accuracy of fit of different types of fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) fabricated through digital, conventional, or combination impression techniques. Data collection was based on the guidelines of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses (PRISMA). Two databases (PubMed, Scopus) were searched for articles in English published between 2010 and 2021 resulting in 480 articles. Of those, 35 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. These articles referred to three groups of materials/techniques including all‐ceramic (zirconia; lithium disilicate) and porcelain‐fused‐to‐metal (PFM) restorations. Results showed clinically acceptable marginal fit (< 120 μm) for all materials and impression techniques. Α fully digital workflow appears more promising for the construction of short‐span zirconia FDPs. Nevertheless, most articles evaluated marginal/internal fit of single crowns or short‐span FDPs in vitro, while clinical data are limited for long‐span FDPs. The necessity for gingival retraction remains a major drawback of all impression techniques, increasing procedural time and patient discomfort. Besides, factors related to the fabrication process, including milling and 3D printing of working models significantly influence the outcome. Overall, there still some way to go before digital technology can be incorporated in complex treatment plans in prosthodontics.
The market impact of systemic risk capital surcharges
Authors: Gündüz Yalin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper tests the ‘Too‐Big‐to‐Fail’ hypothesis that whether being designated as a global systemically important bank (G‐SIB) has an impact on the credit default swap (CDS) price of the bank, thereby reducing its credit risk. We find surprising evidence that the CDS spreads of a bank increase (decrease) after the announcement of a higher (lower) capital surcharge. However, this effect is temporary, as the mean CDS spreads revert to preannouncement level, dropping sharply after the initial rise. These findings create a puzzle by implying that a higher capital surcharge requirement and more stringent regulation could outweigh the implicit subsidy advantages of being too‐big‐to‐fail.