bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CRISIS, CHANGE, AND THE ROLE OF THE EMERGING LEADER
Authors: George Bill 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe author recounts various aspects of his long career as CEO/Chief Executive Officer of the medical device company Medtronic, and describes his True North concept. He also describes the leadership transition in today’s organizations to new generations. He believes that the old style of leadership is “rapidly being replaced by leaders with high levels of emotional intelligence who are committed to empowering people to reach their full potential.” For additional context, he provides quotes from Ralph Lauren CEO Patrice Louvet, OneTrust founder Kabir Barday, former Kroger CEO Dave Dillon, and Levi Strauss CEO Chip Bergh. The author describes former Merck CEO Ken Frazier as an exemplar of “taking great personal risks that require moral courage.” A chart compares characteristics of 20th and 21st century leaders. For instance, in Philosophy, the 20th century way was command‐and‐control, whereas now it is authentic leadership. Within Motivation; before it was self‐interest; now it is the institutions’ best interest. For personal measurement, 20th century was external validation; 21st century is intrinsic contribution. The author concludes: “In today’s complex world, we need emerging leaders to step up to the challenges to lead with their hearts, not just their heads, to make this world better for everyone.”
Impaired kidney function biomarkers and risk of severe COVID‐19: Analysis of population‐based cohort data
Authors: Lin Yifei , Ma Baoshan , Yang Yingxi , Chen Yuxiang , Huang Jin , Li Weimin , Yu Xueqing , Liang Liming 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients with impaired kidney function were found at a high risk of COVID‐19 hospitalization and mortality in many observational, cross‐sectional, and hospital‐based studies, but evidence from large‐scale prospective cohorts has been lacking. We aimed to examine the association of kidney function‐related biomarkers and their genetic predisposition with the risk of developing severe COVID‐19 in population‐based data.MethodsWe analyzed data from UK Biobank to examine the prospective association of abnormal kidney function biomarkers with severe COVID‐19, defined by laboratory‐confirmed COVID‐19 hospitalizations. Using genotype data, we constructed polygenic risk scores (PRS) to represent an individual's overall genetic risk for these biomarkers. We also identified tipping points where the risk of severe COVID‐19 began to increase significantly for each biomarker.ResultsOf the 502,506 adults, 1650 (0.32%) were identified as severe COVID‐19, before August 12, 2020. High levels of cystatin C (OR: 1.3; 95% CI: 1.2–1.5; FDR = 1.5 × 10−5), serum creatinine (OR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.3–2.1; p = 3.5 × 10−4; FDR = 3.5 × 10−4), microalbuminuria (OR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.2–1.6; FDR = 4 × 10−4), and UACR (urinary albumin creatinine ratio; OR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.2–1.6; p = 3.5 × 10−4; FDR = 3.5 × 10−4) were found significantly associated with severe COVID‐19. Individuals with top 10% of PRS for elevated cystatin C, urate, and microalbuminuria had 28% to 43% higher risks of severe COVID‐19 than individuals with bottom 30% PRS (p < 0.05). Tipping‐point analyses further supported that severe COVID‐19 could occur even when the values of cystatin C, urate (male), and microalbuminuria were within their normal value ranges (OR >1.1, p < 0.05).ConclusionsFindings from this study might point to new directions for clinicians and policymakers in optimizing risk‐stratification among patients based on polygenic risk estimation and tipping points of kidney function markers. Our results call for further investigation to develop a better strategy to prevent severe COVID‐19 outcomes among patients with genetic predisposition to impaired kidney function. These findings could provide a new tool for clinicians and policymakers in the future especially if we need to live with COVID‐19 for a long time.
Fuzzy FMEA in risk assessment for test and calibration laboratories
Authors: Testik Ozlem Muge , Unlu Ezgi Tok 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, it is aimed to compare traditional and fuzzy FMEA in identifying areas that may pose risks and need improvement in Test and Calibration Laboratories. Within this scope, FMEA is used in ranking the possible risks. One hundred ninety‐nine failures are detected in 91 inspections, carried out in the Test and Calibration Laboratories. Since FMEA uses experts’ evaluations, which are considered subjective, fuzzy logic is implemented to the approach where the evaluations are presented with linguistic variables. The comparison of FMEA and fuzzy FMEA showed that there exists a high correlation between these two analyses and the order of priority based on the Fuzzy Risk Priority Number calculation is overlapping with the Risk Priority Number sequence. Fuzzy FMEA can also be considered when the evaluations are not trustworthy or incomplete. Therefore, this study can be addressed as an example of how fuzzy implementation to FMEA substantially be used instead of traditional FMEA when there exist qualitative, subjective or incomplete evaluations, or in cases where traditional FMEA has troubles in practice.
From Triboelectric Nanogenerator to Multifunctional Triboelectric Sensors: A Chemical Perspective toward the Interface Optimization and Device Integration
Authors: Xiang Huijing , Zeng Yuanming , Huang Xiaomin , Wang Ning , Cao Xia , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have intrigued scientists for their potential to alleviate the energy shortage crisis and facilitate self‐powered sensors. Triboelectric interfaces containing triboelectric functionalized molecular groups and tunable surface charge densities are important for improving the electrical output capability of TENGs and the versatility of future electronics. In this review, following an introduction to the fundamental progress of TENG systems for mechanic energy harvesting, surface modifications that aim to increase the surface charge density and functionality are highlighted, with an emphasis on interfacial chemical modification and triboelectric energetics/dynamics optimization for efficient electrostatic induction and charge transfer. Recent advances in assemblies of multifunctional triboelectric sensing are briefly introduced, and future challenges and chemical perspectives in the field of TENG‐based electronics are concisely reviewed. This review presents and advances the understanding of the state‐of‐the‐art chemical strategies toward rational triboelectric interface engineering and system assembly and is expected to guide the rational design of highly efficient and versatile triboelectric sensing.
Recent Advances in the Electrochemical Functionalization of Isocyanides
Authors: Gu Qingyun , Cheng Zhenfeng , Qiu Xiaodong , Zeng Xiaobao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIsocyanides are well‐known as efficient CO surrogates and C1 synthons in modern organic synthesis. Although tremendous efforts have been devoted to fully exploiting the reactivity of isocyanides, these transformations are primarily limited by their utilization of stoichiometric toxic chemical oxidants. With the recent resurgence of organic electrochemistry, which has considerably laid dormant over the past several decades, electrolysis has been identified as a green and powerful tool to enrich structural diversity by solely utilizing electric current as clean and inherently safe redox equivalents of stoichiometric chemical oxidants. In this regard, the unique reactivity of isocyanides has been studied in numerous electrochemical transformations. This review comprehensively highlights the most relevant progress in electrochemical strategies towards the functionalization of isocyanides up until June of 2022, with a focus on reaction outcomes and mechanisms.
Successful medical management of an acute life‐threatening haemorrhagic crisis related to acquired colonic vascular ectasia in a dog
Authors: Paulin Mathieu Victor , Cosford Kevin , Sato‐Takada Kanae , Koo Siu To , Carr Anthony 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA 7‐year‐old, neutered, male miniature pinscher was presented with a 36‐hour history of acute life‐threatening haematochezia and severe anaemia (haematocrit 4.9%). A diagnosis of acquired colonic vascular ectasia was ultimately made from the characteristic gross morphologic vascular abnormalities visualised during colonoscopy. A combination ethinyl estradiol and norethindrone acetate tablet was prescribed. On recheck 6 weeks after starting hormone therapy, the patient had not had haematochezia for the previous 4 weeks (haematocrit 34%). On the recheck visit 12 months after starting hormone therapy, haematocrit was within reference range (50%) and the patient had not had diarrhoea or haematochezia for the preceding 9 months. This is the first case report describing a successful medical management of an acute haemorrhagic crisis related to acquired colonic vascular ectasia without endoscopic‐assisted argon therapy or colectomy.
Introduction to Design, Delivery, and Assessment in ODDE : Theories, Research, and Practices to Guide ODDE Design and Assessment
Authors: West Richard E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis chapter overviews the 14 chapters in Section VI of theHandbook,which are focused on the design, delivery, and assessment of open, online, and digital learning. While the chapters address a wide variety of factors relevant to ODDE, I discuss several common themes, including evidence for the effectiveness of ODDE, standards to guide effective ODDE design, assessment and credentialing of ODDE learning, and the need for future research to move beyond studying individual factors (micro level) in higher education. Finally, I conclude with a call to how we can design the future of ODDE, including first, seeking to understand systemic nature of learning; second, embracing the sociocultural nature of learning, and third, utilizing the full repertoire of diverse scholarship methods to develop knowledge in our field.
Usefulness of hepatobiliary scintigraphy for predicting late complications in patients with choledochal cysts
Authors: Kawaguchi Yunosuke , Terui Keita , Komatsu Shugo , Nakata Mitsuyuki , Shibata Ryohei , Yoshizawa Hiroko , Hirokawa Tomoya , Nakatani Erika , Hishiki Tomoro 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Hepatobiliary scintigraphy is a minimally invasive imaging method that evaluates bile flow dynamics. At our hospital, it has been performed for postoperative evaluation of patients with choledochal cysts (CC). This study evaluated the usefulness of biliary scintigraphy for predicting late complications in patients with CCs.

Methods
The study included pediatric patients with CC who underwent surgery at Chiba University Hospital from 1978 to 2020, followed by postoperative biliary scintigraphy and subsequent radiologic evaluation. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of “biliary cholestasis” on biliary scintigraphy.

Results
The study included 108 patients, with a median age at surgery of 2 years and 11 months. The median follow-up period was 5203 days, with 11 hepatolithiasis cases and 8 cholangitis cases. No patients had cholangiocarcinoma. Twelve patients were considered to have “cholestasis” following biliary scintigraphy evaluation. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of hepatolithiasis between the cholestasis and non-cholestasis groups (p = 0.47), but cholangitis was significantly more common in the cholestasis group (p = 0.016).

Conclusion
Biliary cholestasis on postoperative hepatobiliary scintigraphy was a risk factor for cholangitis in patients with CCs. These particular patients should be monitored carefully.
Katatonia 1599?
Authors: Watzka Carlos 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungAusgehend von der methodologischen Fragestellung nach Möglichkeiten und Grenzen „retrospektiver Diagnostik“ wird in diesem Beitrag das Fallbeispiel der zeitgenössisch als „dämonische Besessenheit“ interpretierten Erkrankung der Maria Eichhorn im Jahre 1599 präsentiert. Die in einer handschriftlichen Darstellung eines der beteiligten Exorzisten geschilderte Symptomatik wäre in moderner psychopathologischer Terminologie wohl als „katatones Syndrom“ zu fassen: Berichtet werden längere Phasen von Stupor, die mit enormer Agitation abwechseln, weiters Gewichtsverlust und Echolalie. Die zeitgenössische Behandlung der sozial distinguierten Patientin bestand, neben der „geistlichen Arznei“ der Exorzismen, auch in ärztlicher Medikation über etliche Wochen, bei außerfamiliärer Unterbringung. Nach 3–4 Monaten galt die Kranke als genesen. Die Darstellung dieser Geschichte durch Hofkaplan Knorr von Rosenrodt hatte deklariert propagandistische Zwecke, was bei der Deutungsarbeit unbedingt zu berücksichtigen ist, den Text als medizin- und kulturhistorische Quelle aber keineswegs unbrauchbar macht.
Asymptotic analysis of a nonlinear stochastic eco-epidemiological system with feedback control
Authors: Zhang Sheng-qiang , Meng Xin-zhu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a new stochastic eco-epidemiological model with nonlinear incidence rate and feedback controls. First, we prove that the stochastic system has a unique global positive solution. Second, by constructing a series of appropriate stochastic Lyapunov functions, the asymptotic behaviors around the equilibria of deterministic model are obtained, and we demonstrate that the stochastic system exists a stationary Markov process. Third, the conditions for persistence in the mean and extinction of the stochastic system are established. Finally, we carry out some numerical simulations with respect to different stochastic parameters to verify our analytical results. The obtained results indicate that the stochastic perturbations and feedback controls have crucial effects on the survivability of system.
La paratiroidectomia radioguidata: quando e come
Authors: Urso Luca , Bartolomei Mirco , Panareo Stefano 
Published: September 2022

SommarioL’iperparatiroidismo primario è un comune disordine endocrinologico che trova nella chirurgia l’unica possibilità di guarigione. La possibilità di attuare tecniche chirurgiche mini-invasive ha ridotto enormemente le complicanze post-chirurgiche dei pazienti con iperparatiroidismo primario. Negli ultimi anni la diffusione delle tecniche di chirurgia radioguidata ha portato diversi centri a effettuare procedure di paratiroidectomia radioguidata, mediante iniezione preoperatoria di 99mTc-sestamibi, in genere riservate a pazienti con scintigrafia positiva. Nuove tecniche chirurgiche di tipo Radioguided Occult Lesion Localization (ROLL-like) e di chirurgia PET-guidata rappresentano potenziali ulteriori miglioramenti di questa procedura.
Weight regain: il recupero del peso dopo chirurgia bariatrica. Quali strategie?
Authors: Busetto Luca , Bettini Silvia , Pontesilli Giulia Maria 
Published: September 2022

SommarioLa chirurgia bariatrica risulta essere a tutt’oggi la modalità di trattamento più efficace nell’indurre e mantenere un significativo calo ponderale e un miglioramento delle comorbidità nei pazienti con obesità grave o complicata. La chirurgia bariatrica presenta tuttavia anche rischi, effetti collaterali e complicazioni nel breve e nel lungo termine, e non è inoltre esente dal rischio di recupero ponderale. Il recupero ponderale è possibile dopo qualsiasi di procedura di chirurgia bariatrica ed è probabilmente causato, almeno in parte, dagli stessi meccanismi biologici che lo determinano dopo terapia medica dell’obesità. Una intensificazione degli interventi comportamentali sullo stile di vita (nutrizione e attività fisica) può avere un ruolo nella prevenzione del recupero ponderale dopo chirurgia bariatrica. L’utilizzo dei farmaci anti-obesità nel paziente bariatrico con insufficiente calo di peso o recupero ponderale appare una opzione promettente nel cercare di ridurre il ricorso alla chirurgia di revisione, anche se non sono al momento disponibili trial randomizzati controllati ad hoc.
Zur Schnittmenge von Informatik mit Friedens- und Sicherheitsforschung: Erfahrungen aus der interdisziplinären Lehre in der Friedensinformatik
Authors: Reuter Christian , Riebe Thea , Haunschild Jasmin , Reinhold Thomas , Schmid Stefka 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungInterdisziplinäre Forschung und Lehre zwischen Informatik sowie Friedens- und Sicherheitsforschung ist vor dem Hintergrund der Bedeutung möglicher Konflikte im Cyberspace unabdingbar. Auch wenn sowohl in der einen als auch der anderen Disziplin zahlreiche etablierte Lehrveranstaltungen und Lehrbücher existieren, gilt dies nicht für deren Schnittmenge. Dieser Beitrag reflektiert die Einführung der in Bezug auf Thematik und Hörerschaft interdisziplinären Lehrveranstaltung „Informationstechnologie für Frieden und Sicherheit“ für Studierende der Informatik, IT-Sicherheit und Wirtschaftsinformatik der Technischen Universität Darmstadt sowie Friedens- und Konfliktforschung der TU Darmstadt in Kooperation mit der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt. Hierbei werden Herausforderungen und Lösungsansätze der interdisziplinären Lehre dargestellt und die Bedeutung dieser Lehre hervorgehoben.
Effect of biochar application method and amount on the soil quality and maize yield in Mollisols of Northeast China
Authors: Yan Sihua , Zhang Shaoliang , Yan Pengke , Aurangzeib Muhammad 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThere have been many studies on soil quality and crop yield using different biochar application amounts, but few studies have focused on the combination of different methods and amounts of biochar application in moderately degraded Mollisols. In this study, the methods of mixing biochar evenly with the soil of the plough layer (0–20 cm depth) [homogeneous biochar application (HO)] and burying biochar above the soil plow pan (under 20 cm depth) (heterogeneous biochar application (HE)) were used to reveal how biochar application methods influenced soil quality, crop yield and agronomic characteristics in moderately degraded Mollisols (soil organic matter (SOM), 30.33 g kg−1). The biochar application amounts were 0 (control), 10 (level 1), 20 (level 2), and 40 (level 3) t ha−1 in both the HO and HE treatments. The results showed that, compared with control, HO3 significantly increased maize yield in the first year, and HO2, HO3, HE2 and HE3 continuously increased maize yield in the next three years but not significantly. HO1 and HE1 had the lowest maize yield. HO2 tended to delay maize leaf senescence. There was a positive linear relationship between soil quality index (SQI) and biochar application amount in HO. Compared with other treatments, the pH, EC, SOM, available phosphorus, sucrase and catalase activities were highest in HO3. However, the effects of HE on soil quality and crop productivity were limited at first but gradually increased with time. Overall, HO3 was beneficial for improving the soil quality and crop productivity in Mollisols for short-term cultivation (3-year), while HE showed an effect over time.
Graphical Abstract
Ethics in human–AI teaming: principles and perspectives
Authors: Pflanzer Michael , Traylor Zachary , Lyons Joseph B. , Dubljević Veljko , Nam Chang S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEthical considerations are the fabric of society, and they foster cooperation, help, and sacrifice for the greater good. Advances in AI create a greater need to examine ethical considerations involving the development and implementation of such systems. Integrating ethics into artificial intelligence-based programs is crucial for preventing negative outcomes, such as privacy breaches and biased decision making. Human–AI teaming (HAIT) presents additional challenges, as the ethical principles and moral theories that provide justification for them are not yet computable by machines. To that effect, models of human judgments and decision making, such as the agent-deed-consequence (ADC) model, will be crucial to inform the ethical guidance functions in AI team mates and to clarify how and why humans (dis)trust machines. The current paper will examine the ADC model as it is applied to the context of HAIT, and the challenges associated with the use of human-centric ethical considerations when applied to an AI context.
New aggregation functions for spherical fuzzy sets and the spherical fuzzy distance within the MULTIMOORA method with applications
Authors: Sharaf Iman Mohamad 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article develops a novel approach for multi-objective optimization on the basis of ratio analysis plus the full multiplicative form (MULTIMOORA) using spherical fuzzy sets (SFSs) to obtain proper evaluations. SFSs surpass Pythagorean and intuitionistic fuzzy sets in modeling human cognition since the degree of hesitation is expressed explicitly in a three-dimensional space. In the spherical fuzzy environment, the implementation of the MULTIMOORA encounters two major problems in the aggregation operators and the distance measures that might lead to erroneous results. The extant aggregation operators in some cases can result in a biased evaluation. Therefore, two aggregation functions for SFSs are proposed. These functions guarantee balanced evaluation and avoid false ranking. In the reference point technique, when comparing SFSs, being closer to the ideal solution does not necessarily imply an SFS with a better score. To make up for this drawback, two reference points are employed instead of one, and the distance is not expressed as a crisp value but as an SFS instead. To overcome the disadvantages of the dominance theory in large-scale applications, the results of the three techniques are aggregated to get the overall utility on which the ranking is based. The illustration and validation of the proposed spherical fuzzy MULTIMOORA are examined through two applications, personnel selection, and energy storage technologies selection. The results are compared with the results of other methods to explicate the adequacy of the proposed method and validate the results.
Scalability and robustness of feed yard mortality prediction modeling to improve profitability
Authors: Feuz Ryan , Feuz Kyle , Gradner Jeffrey , Theurer Miles , Johnson Myriah 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCattle feed yards routinely track and collect data for individual calves throughout the feeding period. Using such operational data from nine U.S. feed yards for the years 2016–2019, we evaluated the scalability and economic viability of using machine learning classifier predicted mortality as a culling decision aid. The expected change in net return per head when using the classifier predictions as a culling aid as compared to the status quo culling protocol for calves having been pulled at least once for bovine respiratory disease was simulated. This simulated change in net return ranged from −$1.61 to $19.46/head. Average change in net return and standard deviation for the nine feed yards in this study was $6.31/head and $7.75/head, respectively.