bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Covalent‐Induced Heterostructure of Covalent‐Organic Frameworks and MXene as Advanced Electrodes with Motivated Pseudocapacitance Performance
Authors: Geng Qianhao , Wang Haichao , Wu Yang , Lv Li‐Ping , Chen Shuangqiang , Sun Weiwei , Wang Yong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHeterostructures based on covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and conductive materials have attracted more attentions to effectively apply COF‐related materials for supercapacitor. Here, the as‐prepared amino‐modified Ti3C2 MXene nanosheets are adopted to support the in‐situ growth of anthraquinone‐based COFs (AQ‐COF) to fabricate the heterostructures of COFs uniformly dispersed on surface of MXene, based on the covalent interaction between terminal C=O groups of COFs and amino units of MXene. Besides, the morphology and porous structures of COF@MXene heterostructures are optimized by controlling the amounts of MXene nanosheets. Combining the superiority from the two‐dimensional structure with high conductivity of MXene and porous structure with abundant redox‐active groups inherited from AQ‐COF, the COF@MXene‐15 heterostructure electrode delivers large surface area with optimal porous structures, leading to the maximally‐activated C=O units for charge‐storage and capacitance‐controlled electrochemical kinetics. Improved specific capacitance (290 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1) and rate capability can be achieved for the COF@MXene‐15 heterostructure as the electrode for supercapacitor in Na2SO4 electrolyte. It is the first time to report the heterostructure of COFs and MXene as the electrode for supercapacitor, and this work would promote further application of COFs and related materials for other energy‐storage systems.
Partial least median of squares regression
Authors: Xie Zhonghao , Feng Xi'an , Li Limin , Chen Xiaojing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn modern data analysis, there is an increasing availability of datasets with numerous variables. Linear models that deal with abundant predictor variables often have poor performance because they tend to produce large variances. As well known, partial least squares (PLS) regression standouts because it is serviceable even if the number of variables far exceeds the number of samples. However, PLS, at its core, is a least‐squares method based on latent space, which is spanned by the components extracted from the original predictors. Hence, it is sensitive to outliers. In this study, incorporating the idea of least median of squares, we propose a new robust PLS method, namely, partial least median of squares (PLMS) regression. Unlike most of the robust counterparts, we solve the PLMS problem via modern optimization rather than a heuristic process or a reweighting strategy. A classical PLS method and two of the most efficient robust PLS methods are compared with our method. Results on simulations and two real‐world data sets demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of our approach.
Physician awareness and understanding of hereditary angioedema: A web‐based study in Japan
Authors: Fukunaga Atsushi , Kishimoto Miwa , Oh Akinori , Akiyama Takeshi , Kotera Ippei , Inoue Yoichi , Maehara Junichi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesHereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare disease with acute attacks in the skin and mucosa throughout the body including life‐threatening laryngeal edema and abdominal attacks with severe pain. Physicians, regardless of specialty, may encounter HAE patients in their daily practice; however, low disease awareness may attribute to a considerable number of undiagnosed HAE patients in Japan. This study aims to identify issues associated with the diagnosis processes of HAE and to determine levels of HAE awareness among Japanese physicians from various specialties.MethodsA web‐based quantitative survey was conducted using a physicians panel. Physicians from the following departments were included in the survey: internal medicine, dermatology, pediatrics, emergency medicine, and gastroenterological surgery.ResultsThe proportions of physicians in dermatology, pediatrics, emergency medicine, internal medicine, and gastroenterological surgery who were able to select the C1‐INH activity test as a diagnosis test for potential HAE patients were 71.8%, 59.7%, 57.1%, 40.3%, and 25.7%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed significant association between physicians who selected “strongly suspected” AE based on the case‐scenario and physicians who had knowledge of the essential HAE symptoms (laryngeal edema, swelling after tooth extraction, swelling of the tongue, and abdominal pain).ConclusionsThis study showed that disease awareness of HAE varied among medical specialties, suggesting the importance of educational activities in academic societies and specialist accreditation in raising HAE awareness. Proper knowledge of complement testing and HAE symptoms may help not only to diagnose patients with AE‐like symptoms as AE but also to differentially diagnose HAE from AE.
Survival outcomes following pregnancy or assisted reproductive technologies after breast cancer: A population‐based study
Authors: Rauh‐Hain J. Alejandro , Zubizarreta Jose , Nitecki Roni , Melamed Alexander , Fu Shuangshuang , Jorgensen Kirsten , Brady Paula C. , Baker Valerie L. , Chavez‐MacGregor Mariana , Giordano Sharon H. , Keating Nancy L. 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundThis study sought to determine the impact of pregnancy or assisted reproductive technologies (ART) on breast‐cancer‐specific survival among breast cancer survivors.MethodsThe authors performed a cohort study using a novel data linkage from the California Cancer Registry, the California birth cohort, and the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology Clinic Outcome Reporting System data sets. They performed risk‐set matching in women with stages I–III breast cancer diagnosed between 2000 and 2012. For each pregnant woman, comparable women who were not pregnant at that point but were otherwise similar based on observed characteristics were matched at the time of pregnancy. After matching, Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association of pregnancy with breast‐cancer‐specific survival. We repeated these analyses for women who received ART.ResultsAmong 30,021 women with breast cancer, 553 had a pregnancy and 189 attempted at least one cycle of ART. In Cox proportional hazards modeling, the pregnancy group had a higher 5‐year disease‐specific survival rate; 95.6% in the pregnancy group and 90.6% in the nonpregnant group (HR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.24–0.77). In women with hormone receptor–positive cancer, we found similar results (HR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.2–0.91). In the ART analysis, there was no difference in survival between groups; the 5‐year disease‐specific survival rate was 96.9% in the ART group and 94.1% in the non‐ART group (HR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.17–1.13).ConclusionPregnancy and ART are not associated with worse survival in women with breast cancer.Lay summary

We sought to determine the impact of pregnancy or assisted reproductive technologies (ART) among breast cancer survivors.

We performed a study of 30,021 women by linking available data from California and the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology Clinic Outcome Reporting System.

For each pregnant woman, we matched at the time of pregnancy comparable women who were not pregnant at that point but were otherwise similar based on observed characteristics.

We repeated these analyses for women who received ART.

We found that pregnancy and ART were not associated with worse survival.
1‐Nitrimino‐5‐azidotetrazole: Extending Energetic Tetrazole Chemistry
Authors: Benz Maximilian , Klapötke Thomas M. , Stierstorfer Jörg 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAzide and nitrimino functions are among the most energetic substituents that can be introduced to the skeleton to enhance the energetic properties of a compound. In this study, we report the successful synthesis of a compound that combines both, azide and nitrimino substituents directly attached to one tetrazole scaffold. 1‐Nitrimino‐5‐azidotetrazole is prepared by nitration of 1‐amino‐5‐azidotetrazole. Subsequent salination with ammonia and guanidinium carbonate yields two highly energetic derivatives. All energetic compounds, as well as the intermediate steps of an alternatively developed synthesis strategy, were analysed and characterized in detail. In addition to multinuclear NMR and IR spectroscopy, crystal structures of all key compounds were measured. The sensitivities (friction, impact, electrostatic discharge and thermal) were determined accordingly. In addition, the detonation parameters of all energetic substances were calculated with the EXPLO5 code, which was fed with the enthalpy of formation (atomization method based on CBS‐4M) and the crystallographic densities.
Correlation of clinical findings of temporomandibular joint with serological results in rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: Jalal Ranj A. , Ahmed Khadija M. , Saeed Shahla M. , Qaradaghi Taha A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the frequency of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involvement in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to find out the correlation of serological tests with clinical symptoms of TMJs in RA patients.Patients and MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was performed on 40 patients with RA classified into two groups according to their duration of the disease. Clinical examination as well as laboratory tests were done for participants.ResultsThe frequency of TMJ involvement clinically was 15% in Group A and 40% in Group B. The most frequently observed clinical symptom was facial pain (25%), and the slightest symptom was clicking (2.5%) during mouth opening. There was a positive correlation between ESR, RF, CRP and anti‐CCP and clinical sign and symptoms of TMJs in RA patients. An elevated ESR, RF CRP and anti‐CCP may indicate the presence of TMJ complains in RA patients. The chronicity of RA affects the frequency of TMJ involvement clinically, patients with longer disease duration have more clinical symptoms of TMJs. An elevated level of ESR, RF, CRP and anti‐CCP predict clinical symptoms of TMJs.
Dietary patterns of a versatile large carnivore, the puma (Puma concolor)
Authors: Karandikar Harshad , Serota Mitchell W. , Sherman Wilson C. , Green Jennifer R. , Verta Guadalupe , Kremen Claire , Middleton Arthur D. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Large carnivores play critical roles in terrestrial ecosystems but have suffered dramatic range contractions over the past two centuries. Developing an accurate understanding of large carnivore diets is an important first step towards an improved understanding of their ecological roles and addressing the conservation challenges faced by these species.

The puma is one of seven large felid species in the world and the only one native to the non‐tropical regions of the New World. We conducted a meta‐analysis of puma diets across the species’ range in the Americas and assessed the impact of varying environmental conditions, niche roles, and human activity on puma diets. Pumas displayed remarkable dietary flexibility, consuming at least 232 different prey species, including one Critically Endangered and five Endangered species.

Our meta‐analysis found clear patterns in puma diets with changing habitat and environmental conditions. Pumas consumed more larger‐bodied prey species with increasing distance from the equator, but consumption of medium‐sized species showed the opposite trend.

Puma diets varied with their realized niche; however, contrary to our expectations, puma consumption of large species did not change with their trophic position, and pumas consumed more small prey and birds as apex predators. Consumption of domestic species was negatively correlated with consumption of medium‐sized wild species, a finding which underscores the importance of maintaining intact native prey assemblages.

The tremendous dietary flexibility displayed by pumas represents both an opportunity and a challenge for understanding the puma’s role in ecosystems and for the species’ management and conservation. Future studies should explore the linkages between availability and selection of primary and other wild prey, and consequent impacts on predation of domestic species, in order to guide conservation actions and reduce conflict between pumas and people.
Determination of Creatinine in Urine by Voltammetry and Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Functionalized Multi‐walled Carbon Nanotubes and Copper
Authors: Pedrozo‐Peñafiel Marlin J. , Lópes Thais , Gutiérrez‐Beleño Luis M. , Miranda‐Andrades Jarol R. , Maia Da Costa Marcelo E. H. , Larrudé Dunieskys G. , Aucelio Ricardo Q. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA square‐wave voltammetric method was developed for the determination of creatinine using glassy carbon electrode functionalized multi‐walled carbon nanotubes and doped with copper. Since the creatine‐creatinine balance is dependent on pH, the linear responses at either pH 4.0 or 7.0 were evaluated allowing versatility in application, covering analyte concentration from limit of quantification (0.3 μmol L−1) up to 1.200 μmol L−1 (pH 4) or 660 μmol L−1 (pH 7). Electrode is simple to prepare and robust for routine analysis and it was used for the determination of creatinine in urine after simple thin‐layer separation procedure to avoid interference from creatine.
Block chain fostered cycle‐consistent generative adversarial network framework espoused intrusion detection for protecting IoT network
Authors: Sugitha G. , Solairaj A. , Suresh J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn smart city infrastructure, IoT networks contain intelligent devices for collecting and processing data using open channel internet. Some challenges have occurred in the existing methods while transferring the data, like centralism, safety, secrecy (data destroying, inference attacks), transparency, scalability, verification, and controlling the rapid adaptation of smart cities. To overcome these challenges, a machine learning based block chain method is proposed in this manuscript. The machine learning strategies can process massive datasets. Furthermore, they contain adequate generalization to identify various attack vectors. Here, the block chain fostered cycle‐consistent generative adversarial network (CCGAN) framework espoused intrusion detection is proposed for protecting the IoT network. Also, a 3 level privacy model is introduced for protecting the IoT devices. The first level is block chain based privacy detection and the second level is CCGAN and the third level is classification. In first level, ToN‐IoT, BoT‐IoT datasets are taken to detect the IoT intrusion, these data's are given to the block chain to authenticate and to collect the data in the IoT devices in the smart cities and stored in the blocks present in the block chain. In second level, the feature mapping and feature selection are done. The normal and attacked instances are classified in level 3. The performance of the proposed method shows higher accuracy 25.37%, 29.57%, and 18.67%, higher recall 23.75%, 17.58%, and 14.68% better than the existing methods, like block chain and machine learning method based privacy protection in IoT using optimized gradient tree boosting system (IOT‐BC‐XGBoost), and block chain and machine learning method based privacy protection in IoT using deep gated recurrent neural network (IOT‐BC‐DGRNN), respectively.
Recurrent VGLL3 fusions define a distinctive subset of spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma with an indolent clinical course and striking predilection for the head and neck
Authors: Agaimy Abbas , Dermawan Josephine K. , Leong Iona , Stoehr Robert , Swanson David , Weinreb Ilan , Zhang Lingxin , Antonescu Cristina R. , Dickson Brendan C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe mammalian Vestigial‐like (VGLL) transcriptional cofactor family of proteins VGLL1‐4 has recently emerged as an important player in the tumorigenesis of diverse neoplasms. The role of VGLL3 in soft tissue tumors is exemplified by its amplification in myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma and its rearrangement (fused to CHD7, CHD9, or MAMLD1) in hybrid schwannoma‐perineurioma. This study characterizes a distinctive low‐grade myogenic neoplasm with a striking predilection for the head and neck, characterized by VGLL3 fusions. The study includes five males and one female patient, aged 30–71 years (median, 56). Three tumors originated in the tongue, with one case each in the nasopharynx, oral cavity, and oropharynx. The VGLL3 fusion partners included TCF12 (n = 3), EP300 (n = 2), and PPARGC1A (n = 1). The tumor size range was 0.8–1.6 cm (all, but one, was <1 cm). Histologically, all tumors displayed bland spindle to ovoid cells arranged into vague fascicular and diffuse patterns. Mitotic activity ranged from 1 to 7 per 10 HPFs. Five tumors were muscle‐centered and infiltrative, and one was centered beneath nasopharyngeal mucosa. Immunohistochemistry revealed consistent expression of desmin (diffuse in four and patchy in two cases) associated with patchy smooth muscle actin expression (4/6), and focal reactivity for myogenin (5/6) and myoD1 (1/3). All patients were managed surgically; one patient each received adjuvant radio‐ or chemotherapy. Three patients with follow‐up were without disease at 8, 19, and 60 months and one was alive with unknown disease status at 24 months. All VGLL3 fusions were in‐frame and involved exon 2, fused with either TCF12 exon 16, EP300 exon 31, or PPARGC1A exon 5, respectively. This series characterizes a distinctive subset of spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) with a predilection for the head and neck in adults, defined by VGLL3 fusions, likely indolent behavior and limited rhabdomyoblastic differentiation. Further delineation of this entity and differentiation from more aggressive molecular subtypes of spindle cell RMS is mandatory to define the most appropriate therapeutic strategy and avoid overtreatment.
Wellbeing and brain structure: A comprehensive phenotypic and genetic study of image‐derived phenotypes in the UK Biobank
Authors: Jamshidi Javad , Park Haeme R. P. , Montalto Arthur , Fullerton Janice M. , Gatt Justine M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWellbeing, an important component of mental health, is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Previous association studies between brain structure and wellbeing have typically focused on volumetric measures and employed small cohorts. Using the UK Biobank Resource, we explored the relationships between wellbeing and brain morphometrics (volume, thickness and surface area) at both phenotypic and genetic levels. The sample comprised 38,982 participants with neuroimaging and wellbeing phenotype data, of which 19,234 had genotypes from which wellbeing polygenic scores (PGS) were calculated. We examined the association of wellbeing phenotype and PGS with all brain regions (including cortical, subcortical, brainstem and cerebellar regions) using multiple linear models, including (1) basic neuroimaging covariates and (2) additional demographic factors that may synergistically impact wellbeing and its neural correlates. Genetic correlations between genomic variants influencing wellbeing and brain structure were also investigated. Small but significant associations between wellbeing and volumes of several cerebellar structures (β = 0.015–0.029, PFDR = 0.007–3.8 × 10−9), brainstem, nucleus accumbens and caudate were found. Cortical associations with wellbeing included volume of right lateral occipital, thickness of bilateral lateral occipital and cuneus, and surface area of left superior parietal, supramarginal and pre‐/post‐central regions. Wellbeing‐PGS was associated with cerebellar volumes and supramarginal surface area. Small mediation effects of wellbeing phenotype and PGS on right VIIIb cerebellum were evident. No genetic correlation was found between wellbeing and brain morphometric measures. We provide a comprehensive overview of wellbeing‐related brain morphometric variation. Notably, small effect sizes reflect the multifaceted nature of this concept.
Hepatocellular carcinoma downstaging for liver transplantation in the era of systemic combined therapy with anti‐VEGF/TKI and immunotherapy
Authors: Tran Nguyen H. , Muñoz Sergio , Thompson Scott , Hallemeier Christopher L. , Bruix Jordi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma remains a global health challenge affecting close to 1 million cases yearly. Liver transplantation provides the best long‐term outcomes for those meeting strict criteria. Efforts have been made to expand these criteria, whereas others have attempted downstaging approaches. Although locoregional approaches to downstaging are appealing and have demonstrated efficacy, limitations and challenges exists including poor imaging modality to assess response and appropriate endpoints along the process. Recent advances in systemic treatments including immune checkpoint inhibitors alone or in combination with tyrosine kinase inhibitors have prompted the discussion regarding their role for downstaging disease prior to transplantation. Here, we provide a review of prior locoregional approaches for downstaging, new systemic agents and their role for downstaging, and finally, key and critical considerations of the assessment, endpoints, and optimal designs in clinical trials to address this key question.
Reasons for turnover of hospital managers in Iran: A qualitative study
Authors: Gharasi Manshadi Mahdi , Mosadeghrad Ali Mohammad , Jaafaripooyan Ebrahim 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundManagerial stability is believed to play a crucial role in the success of health care organisations and health managers. High managerial turnover seems to be a common phenomenon of the Iranian health system. This study thus aimed to investigate the reasons for managerial turnover in Iranian hospitals.MethodsFollowing a qualitative approach, 53 semi‐structured interviews were conducted with different managerial levels in the hospitals, the high officials of medical universities, and health policymakers. Interviewees were selected using the purposive sampling techniques. Interviews were continued up to the data saturation. Data analysis was conducted thematically using MAXQDA 10.ResultsFour groups of reasons were identified leading into the managerial turnover in hospitals, ranging from the micro to macro level factors, that is, those related to the managers, hospitals, medical universities, and the country. Insufficient support from the officials, managerial poor performance, conflict with other managers and colleagues, changes of senior managers, and presidential and parliamentary elections representing the key reasons underlying the turnover of hospital managers in Iran.ConclusionGiven the variety of reasons emerged behind the managerial turnover, the efforts to improve the awareness and engage the all actors ranging from health policymakers to organisational decision‐makers could be a valuable step to regulate and optimise the managerial turnover and stability in health care organisations in order to enhance the productivity and accountability in healthcare industry, particularly in the hospitals.