bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel QTL associated with Rhizoctonia solani Kühn resistance identified in two table beet × sugar beet F2:3 populations using a new table beet reference genome
Authors: Wigg Katharina S. , Brainard Scott H. , Metz Nick , Dorn Kevin M. , Goldman Irwin L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia solani Kühn is a major concern for table beet (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris) producers across the United States causing upward of 75% losses in severe instances. Thus far, there have been minimal efforts to incorporate host resistance to R. solani in table beet germplasm. To investigate the genetic control of R. solani resistance in table beet, we developed two mapping populations. Parents of the two populations were a Rhizoctonia‐susceptible table beet inbred W357A and a resistant sugar beet germplasm FC709‐2 (sugar beet resistance population, SBRP) and a Rhizoctonia‐resistant table beet inbred W364B and a susceptible sugar beet inbred FC901/C817 (table beet resistance population, TBRP). In Spring 2020, F2:3 families were evaluated for response to artificial inoculation with R. solani AG 2‐2 IIIB isolate R1 in replicated greenhouse experiments. This work also represents the first use of the W357B table beet reference genome, utilized here to align genotyping‐by‐sequencing reads to identify polymorphic markers. Using interval linkage mapping, we identified one quantitative trait locus (QTL) in each of the two populations, each accounting for 30% of the phenotypic variation. The QTL in both the SBRP and TBRP were found on chromosome 2 and contained several putative resistance genes in annotations of the Beta vulgaris and Arabidopsis thaliana genomes. This is the first report of a QTL on chromosome 2 for resistance to R. solani in B. vulgaris ssp. vulgaris and the first identification of QTL for disease resistance in table beet. The newly developed table beet reference genome and markers identified in this study may be of value for marker‐assisted selection in breeding for resistance to R. solani in both sugar beet and table beet breeding programs.
Non‐financial disclosure regulation and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance: The case of EU and US firms
Authors: Cicchiello Antonella Francesca , Marrazza Ferdinando , Perdichizzi Salvatore 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe aim of this article is to analyse the effect of non‐financial reporting regulation on firms' Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance, commitment and effectiveness. Specifically, we explore the implications of the European Non‐Financial Reporting Directive (NFRD) mandating disclosure on non‐financial and diversity information by certain large companies. To identify the effect of the EU disclosure regulation on firms' ESG scores, we performed a differences‐in‐differences estimation using a sample of EU firms as the treated group and a sample of US firms as the control group in the period 2015–2020. Overall, our findings suggest that regulatory efforts to increase the transparency of the social and environmental impacts of firms' activities on society are effective at improving disclosure commitment and effectiveness. Hence, regulation supports the adoption of ESG strategies to the benefit of the whole society. The study provides a fresh comparison between regulating or not the ESG information market, drawing suggestions for future policy.
Diagnostic utility of ThinPrep Imaging System® for detecting atypical glandular cells in cervical smear samples
Authors: Akca Yasemin , Erkilic Suna 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe ThinPrep Imaging System® (TIS) is an automated system that has now been used for over 20 years in the primary screening of ThinPrep liquid‐based cervical samples. Although there are a lot of publications about the diagnostic utility of this method in squamous cell lesions, which has advantages such as time‐saving and standardization, there are only a few publications on this issue in glandular cell lesions in the literature. We aimed in this study to investigate the diagnostic utility of the system in the detection of premalignant and malignant glandular lesions in cervical smears.Material and MethodOur study was conducted retrospectively, and a total of 126 cervical smear samples between 2010 and 2022 that have histological confirmation of endometrial adenocarcinoma (EAC), endocervical adenocarcinoma (ECAC), or adenocarcinoma in situ (AİS), were included. These samples were re‐evaluated by manual and TIS by two experienced pathologists, and the results were compared in terms of sensitivity.ResultsWe found out that 70 of the 126 smear samples have atypical glandular cells. We detect 48 cases (48/70) (sensitivity 68.5%) in manual examination, however TIS successfully determined 66 cases (66/70) (sensitivity 94.3%). In 4 cases (5.7%) TIS could not detect the atypical cells within the 22 areas.ConclusionTIS is quite an effective method with a high sensitivity for detecting atypical glandular cells in cervical smears, like detecting squamous cell anomalies. Imposing this system in our laboratory and using them appropriately, save us time and help to ensure standardization. Additionally, it may be a good way to adopt artificial intelligence and digital pathology in today's world.
Novel roles for RNA binding proteins squid, hephaesteus, and Hrb27C in Drosophila oogenesis
Authors: Finger Danielle S. , Williams Anna E. , Holt Vivian V. , Ables Elizabeth T. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundReproductive capacity in many organisms is maintained by germline stem cells (GSCs). A complex regulatory network influences stem cell fate, including intrinsic factors, local signals, and hormonal and nutritional cues. Posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms ensure proper cell fate transitions, promoting germ cell differentiation to oocytes. As essential RNA binding proteins with constitutive functions in RNA metabolism, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) have been implicated in GSC function and axis specification during oocyte development. HnRNPs support biogenesis, localization, maturation, and translation of nascent transcripts. Whether and individual hnRNPs specifically regulate GSC function has yet to be explored.ResultsWe demonstrate that hnRNPs are expressed in distinct patterns in the Drosophila germarium. We show that three hnRNPs, squid, hephaestus, and Hrb27C are cell‐autonomously required in GSCs for their maintenance. Although these hnRNPs do not impact adhesion of GSCs to adjacent cap cells, squid and hephaestus (but not Hrb27C) are necessary for proper bone morphogenetic protein signaling in GSCs. Moreover, Hrb27C promotes proper GSC proliferation, whereas hephaestus promotes cyst division.ConclusionsWe find that hnRNPs are independently and intrinsically required in GSCs for their maintenance in adults. Our results support the model that hnRNPs play unique roles in stem cells essential for their self‐renewal and proliferation.
Mapping stakeholders and identifying institutional challenges and opportunities for waste management in towns of Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: De Indranil , Patel Ila 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe extensive research on waste management has primarily remained confined to metro cities and focused on economic and environmental issues. The present study explores waste management in smaller urban areas from an institutional standpoint, mapping formal and informal players onto a two‐dimensional framework: institutional type and institutional strength. The analysis is based on data accumulated through in‐depth interviews and focus group discussions in three towns of India. Despite the absence of formal acknowledgment, it establishes a continuum between formal and informal actors whose efforts to collect waste and provide public goods and services are mutually supportive. Although the informal sector is ranked lower, there is little variation in institutional strength between the formal and informal sectors. A formal‐informal hierarchy hinders informal waste collectors from moving up the value chain. The paper argues against separating the formal and informal actors in urban policy and planning. A waste management system that is formally integrated is required to extract greater economic value from waste and to strengthen the informal‐formal continuum. This should enhance both the wages and working conditions of waste workers.
Does a pandemic context attenuate people's negative perception and meta‐perception of solitude?
Authors: Ren Dongning , Stavrova Olga 
Published: October 2022

Solitude—the state of being alone without social interactions—is a common experience in everyday life. Despite that spending time alone can be enjoyable and functional, solitude is often stigmatised: People who engage in solitary activities are perceived negatively (negative perceptions of solitude) and anticipate a negative judgement from others (negative meta‐perceptions of solitude). Using the COVID‐19 pandemic as a backdrop, we examined whether a pandemic context, in which solitary behaviours were easily attributable to external reasons, would reduce people's negative perceptions and meta‐perceptions of solitude. Across three preregistered experiments (total N = 767) conducted during the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic, we found that the presence (vs. absence) of a pandemic context attenuated both the negative meta‐perceptions and the negative perceptions of solitude. Yet, people believed that the pandemic context produced a stronger shift away from the stigmatisation of solitude than it actually did. These findings revealed the limits of contextual cues in mitigating the negative perceptions of being alone—even when these cues were explicit and readily available. The current research sheds light on the potential challenges of destigmatising solitude.
A radiological complete response to pembrolizumab in a patient with metastatic upper urinary tract urothelial cancer and Lynch syndrome
Authors: Oki Ryosuke , Urasaki Tetsuya , Ueki Arisa , Inamura Kentaro , Komai Yoshinobu , Takahashi Shunji , Yonese Junji , Yuasa Takeshi 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionIn Lynch syndrome, urothelial cancer is the third most common cancer, following colorectal and endometrial cancers. Little is known, however, about the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of metastatic urothelial cancer in Lynch syndrome.Case presentationA 49‐year‐old patient with metastatic urothelial cancer underwent pembrolizumab therapy after platinum‐containing chemotherapy. The efficacy of the pembrolizumab therapy was good. Her lung and bone metastatic lesions disappeared in imaging studies and her back pain decreased dramatically. Pathogenic mutations of MSH2 and BRCA2 were found in the DNA extracted from her tumor, and subsequent genetic analysis confirmed the germline pathogenic variant of MSH2. As such, this case was genetically diagnosed as Lynch syndrome.ConclusionWe report metastatic urothelial cancer in a patient with Lynch syndrome who demonstrated a radiological complete response to pembrolizumab therapy. Accurate genetic diagnosis can provide useful information to both the patient and their relatives.
Specific labeling and identification of bacteria based on concentration‐dependent carbon dot staining combined with hyperspectral imaging
Authors: Lin Sifan , Ke Ze , Lu Mingwei , Zhou Yanzhong , Tang Wenrui , Zhu Siqi , Zhang Yongqiang , Li Zhen , Yin Hao , Chen Zhenqiang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractConcentration‐dependent carbon dot (CD) fluorescence was developed and utilized alongside hyperspectral microscopy as a specific labeling and identification technique for bacteria. Staining revealed that the CD concentration within cells depended on the characteristic intracellular environment of the species. Therefore, based on the concentration dependence of the CD fluorescence, different bacterial species were specifically labeled. Hyperspectral microscopy captured subtle fluorescence variations to identify bacteria. Method validation using Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis succeeded with an identification accuracy of 99%. As a simple, rapid method for labeling and identifying bacterial species in mixtures, this technique has excellent potential for bacterial community studies.
RETRACTED: Effect of Geobacter metallireducens nanowire on electron transfer efficiency in microbial fuel cell
Authors: Liu Shunliang , Feng Yali , Li Haoran 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo understand the effect of electron shuttle compounds on the electron transfer behavior of MFC and the formation process of microbially fabricated nanowires. In this paper, 2,6‐anthraquinone desulfonation (AQDS) and Fe(OH)3 were used as electron mediator and electron acceptor, respectively, to study the effect of electron mediator on the formation of bio‐nanowires during the growth of Geobacter metallireducens in the double chamber MFC reactor (MFC), and the effects of electron transfer efficiency and electrical current characteristic.RESULTSThe results show that the culture process of the Geobacter metallireducens with Fe(OH)3 as an electron acceptor, the reduction product Fe(II) concentration in solution without AQDS was higher than that with AQDS after 10 days due to the formation of microbial nanowires. In comparison, the Pili protein content of the system without AQDS reached 336 ug/mL, which was higher than the AQDS system. Nanowires increased the transfer efficiency between biofilm and electrodes, which increased the maximum output voltage of MFC was 442 mV.CONCLUSIONAt the same time, it was found by electrochemical measurements that the nanowire biofilm electrode had a huge peak of the cyclic voltammetry curve, a small activation resistance, and a strong current response signal, indicating that the nanowires enhanced the electrochemical activity of the electrode. In addition, an electron transfer medium (AQDS) inhibited the expression of aromatic amino acids, tryptophan, and mtrC. Moreover, it destroyed the overlapping π‐π orbits of the aromatic parts, resulting in reduced and thinner nanowires and then decreasing the conductivity of synthetic organic materials like metals. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Impact of empagliflozin on left atrial mechanical and conduction functions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Aslan Muzaffer , Oksen Dogac , Kaynak Cagdas , Ozudogru Osman 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveEmpagliflozin, an oral anti‐diabetic drug that inhibits the sodium‐dependent glucose co‐transporter 2 (SGLT2), has pleiotropic effects on the myocardium. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of empagliflozin on atrial electromechanical delay (AEMD) and the left atrial (LA) mechanical functions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).MethodIn total 62 patients (40.3% female, mean age 50.5 ± 8.6 years old) with type 2 DM were enrolled to the study. Participants were used a SGLT2 inhibitor (empagliflozin 10–25 mg/daily) for 6 months. Patients were examined initially and after 6 months with echocardiography. LA volume was recorded, atrial conduction times were measured using tissue Doppler imaging (TDI).ResultsNo significant change was observed in LA volumes (maximal, minimal, and presystolic), total emptying and passive emptying volume at the end of 6 months; however, there was a significant decrease in active emptying volume (8.3 ± 2.9 ml/m2 vs. 7.9 ± 2.9 ml/m2, p = 0.04). The posteroanterior lateral, septal, and tricuspid conduction times significantly decreased after the empagliflozin treatment. The decrease in right inter‐AEMD was statistically significant (13.25 ± 10.21 ms vs. 10.85 ± 9.14 ms, p = 0.011). The changes in inter‐AEMD were found to be correlated with the changes in LA active emptying volume (r = 0.408).ConclusionEmpagliflozin may enhance the structure and electrical conductions of the atrium and may prevent DM patients from DM‐2‐related functional disorder and arrhythmia.
Beyond the individual‐level conceptualization of dispositional resistance to change: Multilevel effects on the response to organizational change
Authors: Sverdlik Noga , Oreg Shaul 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe know much about the factors that determine employees' responses to organizational change. Among these, key factors are those that have to do with employees' personal dispositions and those that have to do with the organizational context. In the present study, we focus on dispositional resistance to change and demonstrate how it can be used at the collective level as a means of characterizing organizations rather than individuals. Specifically, we use it to capture organizations' collective orientation toward change and demonstrate its effects above and beyond the effects of individuals' dispositional resistance. Using data from 84 principals and 395 teachers, we demonstrate the complementary roles of employees', principals', and organizations' dispositional resistance to change in predicting employees' attitudes toward the introduction of changes in the organization. We discuss the implications of our findings for understanding responses to organizational change and more broadly for the notion of translating dispositional variables to the organizational level.
Interactive effect of lithium on concentration of alkali cations in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) under saline conditions
Authors: Behr Jan Helge , Zörb Christian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and aimsIncreasing demand for lithium (Li+) for portable energy storage is leading to a global risk of Li+ pollution from the manufacture, use, and disposal of Li+‐containing products. Although Li+, a reactive alkali metal, has no essential function in plants, they readily take it up and accumulate it in large amounts in their tissues. The underlying mechanisms for this Li+ uptake and accumulation are, however, not well described. Our aim has been to investigate the effects of other alkali metals with similar physicochemical properties on the uptake, accumulation, and toxicity of Li+ at low and high osmolarity.MethodsTo determine the way in which Li+ affects the accumulation of other cations under saline conditions, sugar beet plants were grown in hydroponic culture with equimolar amounts of Li+, potassium (K+), and sodium (Na+) at low and high concentrations in various combinations.ResultsSugar beet plants tolerated high Li+ concentrations in the leaf and petiole. Low Li+ concentrations had no impact on plant growth but induced stomata closure. The presence of other monovalent cations at equimolar concentrations did not affect Li+ accumulation, but Li+ application altered the ratio of monovalent and divalent cations in leaves. Plants treated with high Li+ in combination with Na+ or K+ showed reduced plant growth and leaf necrosis, indicating the severe stress caused by Li+ toxicity.ConclusionThe presence of cations with similar physicochemical properties to those of Li+ cannot mitigate its toxicity.
Structure and physicochemical properties of low digestible Euryale ferox Salisb. seed starch
Authors: Wang Qian , Liu Licheng , Huang Zhiheng , Bao Ke , Jing Zonghui , Wu Qinan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDEuryale ferox Salisb. is widely grown in China and Southeast Asia as a grain crop and medicinal plant. The composition, morphology, structure, physicochemical properties, thermal properties, and in vitro digestibility of North Euryale ferox seeds starch (NEFS), hybrid Euryale ferox seeds starch (HEFS), and South Euryale ferox seeds starch (SEFS) were studied.RESULTOf the varieties that were studied, the amylose content of NEFS (23.03%) was the highest. Starch granules of each variety were smooth, sharp, small, and had an average diameter of 2 μm. All three varieties were A‐type crystals with crystallinity ranging from 26.42% to 28.17%. The degree of double helix and the short‐range order ranged from 1.9006 to 2.5324 and 1.4294 to 1.6006, respectively. The high proportion of C1 region in NEFS (17.74%) and HEFS (17.66%) were found. Thermodynamic properties in North Euryale ferox seeds included the highest onset temperature (To) (71.43 °C), peak temperature (Tp) (76.60 °C), conclusion temperature (Tc) (82.77 °C), enthalpy of gelatinization (ΔH) (12.64 J g−1), and peak viscosity (1514 mPa·s). All three varieties maintained a low level of in vitro digestibility, with the highest resistant starch (RS) content (29.57%), the lowest rapidly digestible starch (RDS) content (27.07%), and the slowest hydrolysis kinetic constant (0.0303) in NEFS.CONCLUSIONThe results revealed that the low digestibility of NEFS was attributable to compact granules, high crystallinity, high degree of order, and strong thermal stability. These digestive, physicochemical, and thermodynamic properties provide information for the future application of Euryale ferox seed starch in the food industry. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Unraveling the relationship between conditions of ultrasonic‐assisted extraction of chia mucilage and viscosity
Authors: Saporittis Karen , Marasco Julieta , Morales Rocío , Martinez María J , Pilosof Ana MR 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe application of chia mucilage still remains restricted due to the difficulty in achieving high extraction yields. The effect of ultrasonic‐assisted extraction (UAE) conditions (temperature, seed:water ratio and time) on the rheological properties of chia mucilage extracts and the relation to the proportion of translucent phase (TP) and opaque phase (OP) of the mucilage in the extract were evaluated.RESULTSUAE allowed the efficient extraction of chia mucilage from chia seeds. The desired overall optimal combination to maximize both yield and apparent viscosity was achieved at a seed:water ratio 1:10, a temperature of 25.3 °C and 53.7 min extraction time; the optimal conditions to obtain the maximum yield and minimum apparent viscosity were a seed:water ratio close to 1:20, temperature of 48.8 °C and 208.4 min extraction time.CONCLUSIONThe results obtained in the present work demonstrated that the differences in rheological properties of chia mucilage extracts are due to the extraction methods used. Therefore, it is possible to modulate the extraction conditions in order to obtain different characteristics of the mucilage, maintaining a high extraction yield. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.