bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One year of AU Mic with HARPS – I. Measuring the masses of the two transiting planets
Authors: Zicher Norbert , Barragán Oscar , Klein Baptiste , Aigrain Suzanne , Owen James E , Gandolfi Davide , Lagrange Anne-Marie , Serrano Luisa Maria , Kaye Laurel , Nielsen Louise Dyregaard , Rajpaul Vinesh Maguire , Grandjean Antoine , Goffo Elisa , Nicholson Belinda 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
The system of two transiting Neptune-sized planets around the bright, young M-dwarf AU Mic provides a unique opportunity to test models of planet formation, early evolution, and star–planet interaction. However, the intense magnetic activity of the host star makes measuring the masses of the planets via the radial velocity (RV) method very challenging. We report on a 1-yr, intensive monitoring campaign of the system using 91 observations with the HARPS spectrograph, allowing for detailed modelling of the ∼600 ${\rm m\, s^{-1}}$ peak-to-peak activity-induced RV variations. We used a multidimensional Gaussian Process framework to model these and the planetary signals simultaneously. We detect the latter with semi-amplitudes of Kb = 5.8 ± 2.5 ${\rm m\, s^{-1}}$ and Kc = 8.5 ± 2.5 ${\rm m\, s^{-1}}$, respectively. The resulting mass estimates, Mb = 11.7 ± 5.0 M⊕ and Mc = 22.2 ± 6.7 M⊕, suggest that planet b might be less dense, and planet c considerably denser than previously thought. These results are in tension with the current standard models of core-accretion. They suggest that both planets accreted a H/He envelope that is smaller than expected, and the trend between the two planets’ envelope fractions is the opposite of what is predicted by theory.
The TESS Triple-9 Catalog: 999 uniformly vetted exoplanet candidates
Authors: Cacciapuoti Luca , Kostov Veselin B , Kuchner Marc , Quintana Elisa V , Colón Knicole D , Brande Jonathan , Mullally Susan E , Chance Quadry , Christiansen Jessie L , Ahlers John P , Di Fraia Marco Z , Durantini Luca Hugo A , Ienco Riccardo M , Gallo Francesco , de Lima Lucas T , Hyogo Michiharu , Andrés-Carcasona Marc , Fornear Aline U , de Lambilly Julien S , Salik Ryan , Yablonsky John M , Wallace Shaun , Acharya Sovan 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTThe Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) has detected thousands of exoplanet candidates since 2018, most of which have yet to be confirmed. A key step in the confirmation process of these candidates is ruling out false positives through vetting. Vetting also eases the burden on follow-up observations, provides input for demographics studies, and facilitates training machine learning algorithms. Here, we present the TESS Triple-9 (TT9) catalog – a uniformly vetted catalog containing dispositions for 999 exoplanet candidates listed on ExoFOP-TESS, known as TESS Objects of Interest (TOIs). The TT9 was produced using the Discovery And Vetting of Exoplanets pipeline, dave, and utilizing the power of citizen science as a part of the Planet Patrol project. More than 70 per cent of the TOIs listed in the TT9 pass our diagnostic tests, and are thus marked as true planet candidates. We flagged 144 candidates as false positives, and identified 146 as potential false positives. At the time of writing, the TT9 catalog contains $\sim 20{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of the entire ExoFOP-TESS TOIs list, demonstrates the synergy between automated tools and citizen science, and represents the first stage of our efforts to vet all TOIs. Our final dispositions and comments are collected in a supplementary table and the dave-generated files are publicly available on ExoFOP TESS.
Applications of a Gaussian process framework for modelling of high-resolution exoplanet spectra
Authors: Meech Annabella , Aigrain Suzanne , Brogi Matteo , Birkby Jayne L 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Observations of exoplanet atmospheres in high resolution have the potential to resolve individual planetary absorption lines, despite the issues associated with ground-based observations. The removal of contaminating stellar and telluric absorption features is one of the most sensitive steps required to reveal the planetary spectrum and, while many different detrending methods exist, it remains difficult to directly compare the performance and efficacy of these methods. Additionally, though the standard cross-correlation method enables robust detection of specific atmospheric species, it only probes for features that are expected a priori. Here, we present a novel methodology using Gaussian process (GP) regression to directly model the components of high-resolution spectra, which partially addresses these issues. We use two archival CRyogenic Infra-Red Echelle Spectrograph (CRIRES)/Very Large Telescope (VLT) data sets as test cases, observations of the hot Jupiters HD 189733 b and 51 Pegasi b, recovering injected signals with average line contrast ratios of ∼4.37 × 10−3 and ∼1.39 × 10−3, and planet radial velocities ΔKp = 1.45 ± 1.53 $\mathrm{km\, s^{-1}}$ and ΔKp = 0.12 ± 0.12 $\mathrm{km\, s^{-1}}$ from the injection velocities, respectively. In addition, we demonstrate an application of the GP method to assess the impact of the detrending process on the planetary spectrum, by implementing injection-recovery tests. We show that standard detrending methods used in the literature negatively affect the amplitudes of absorption features in particular, which has the potential to render retrieval analyses inaccurate. Finally, we discuss possible limiting factors for the non-detections using this method, likely to be remedied by higher signal-to-noise data.
Asteroid Lightcurves from the MOA-II Survey: a pilot study
Authors: Cordwell A J , Rattenbury N J , Bannister M T , Cowan P ,   The MOA Collaboration:, Abe Fumio , Barry Richard , Bennett David P , Bhattacharya Aparna , Bond Ian A , Fujii Hirosane , Fukui Akihiko , Itow Yoshitaka , Silva Stela Ishitani , Hirao Yuki , Kirikawa Rintaro , Kondo Iona , Koshimoto Naoki , Matsubara Yutaka , Matsumoto Sho , Muraki Yasushi , Miyazaki Shota , Okamura Arisa , Ranc Clément , Satoh Yuki , Sumi Takahiro , Suzuki Daisuke , Tristram Paul J , Toda Taiga , Yama Hibiki , Yonehara Atsunori 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
The Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA-II) survey has performed high cadence, wide field observations of the Galactic Bulge from New Zealand since 2005. The hourly cadence of the survey during eight months of the year, across nearly 50 deg2 of sky, provides an opportunity to sample asteroid lightcurves in the broad MOA-R filter. We perform photometry of a subset of bright asteroids numbered observed by the survey. We obtain 26 asteroid rotation periods, including for two asteroids where no prior data exist, and present evidence for the possible non-principal axis rotation of (2011) Veteraniya. This archival search could be extended to several thousands of asteroids brighter than 22nd magnitude.
The eccentricity distribution of wide binaries and their individual measurements
Authors: Hwang Hsiang-Chih , Ting Yuan-Sen , Zakamska Nadia L 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Eccentricity of wide binaries is difficult to measure due to their long orbital periods. With Gaia’s high-precision astrometric measurements, eccentricity of a wide binary can be constrained by the angle between the separation vector and the relative velocity vector (the v-r angle). In this paper, by using the v-r angles of wide binaries in Gaia Early Data Release 3, we develop a Bayesian approach to measure the eccentricity distribution as a function of binary separations. Furthermore, we infer the eccentricities of individual wide binaries and make them publicly available. Our results show that the eccentricity distribution of wide binaries at 102 AU is close to uniform and becomes superthermal at &gt;103 AU, suggesting two formation mechanisms dominating at different separation regimes. The close binary formation, most likely disc fragmentation, results in a uniform eccentricity distribution at &lt;102 AU. The wide binary formation that leads to highly eccentric wide binaries at &gt;103 AU may be turbulent fragmentation and/or the dynamical unfolding of compact triples. With Gaia, measuring eccentricities is now possible for a large number of wide binaries, opening a new window to understanding binary formation and evolution.
Multiply charged naphthalene and its C10H8 isomers: bonding, spectroscopy, and implications in AGN environments
Authors: Santos Julia C , Fantuzzi Felipe , Quitián-Lara Heidy M , Martins-Franco Yanna , Menéndez-Delmestre Karín , Boechat-Roberty Heloisa M , Oliveira Ricardo R 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Naphthalene (C10H8) is the simplest polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and an important component in a series of astrochemical reactions involving hydrocarbons. Its molecular charge state affects the stability of its isomeric structures, which is specially relevant in ionized astrophysical environments. We thus perform an extensive computational search for low-energy molecular structures of neutral, singly, and multiply charged naphthalene and its isomers with charge states +q = 0–4 and investigate their geometric properties and bonding situations. We find that isomerization reactions should be frequent for higher charged states and that open chains dominate their low-energy structures. We compute both the scaled-harmonic and anharmonic infrared (IR) spectra of selected low-energy species and provide the calculated scaling factors for the naphthalene neutral, cation, and dication global minima. All simulated spectra reproduce satisfactorily the experimental data and, thus, are adequate for aiding observations. Moreover, the potential presence of these species in the emission spectra of the circumnuclear regions of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), with high energetic X-ray photon fluxes, is explored using the experimental value of the naphthalene photodissociation cross-section, σph − d, to determine its half-life, t1/2, at a photon energy of 2.5 keV in a set of relevant sources. Finally, we show that the computed IR bands of the triply and quadruply charged species are able to reproduce some features of the selected AGN sources.
Reconstruction of the dark sectors’ interaction: A model-independent inference and forecast from GW standard sirens
Authors: Bonilla Alexander , Kumar Suresh , Nunes Rafael C , Pan Supriya 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Interacting dark matter (DM) – dark energy (DE) models have been intensively investigated in the literature for their ability to fit various data sets as well as to explain some observational tensions persisting within the ΛCDM cosmology. In this work, we employ the Gaussian processes (GP) algorithm to perform a joint analysis by using the geometrical cosmological probes such as Cosmic chronometers, Supernova Type Ia, Baryon Acoustic Oscillations, and the H0LiCOW lenses sample to infer a reconstruction of the coupling function between the dark components in a general framework, where the DE can assume a dynamical character via its equation of state. In addition to the joint analysis with these data, we simulate a catalogue with standard siren events from binary neutron star mergers, within the sensitivity predicted by the Einstein Telescope, to reconstruct the dark sector coupling with more accuracy in a robust way. We find that the particular case, where w = −1 is fixed on the DE nature, has a statistical preference for an interaction in the dark sector at late times. In the general case, where w(z) is analysed, we find no evidence for such dark coupling, and the predictions are compatible with the ΛCDM paradigm. When the mock events of the standard sirens are considered to improve the kernel in GP predictions, we find a preference for an interaction in the dark sector at late times.
XMM–Newton discovery of very high obscuration in the candidate supergiant fast X-ray transient AX J1714.1−3912
Authors: Sidoli L , Sguera V , Esposito P , Oskinova L , Polletta M 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
We have analysed an archival XMM–Newton EPIC observation that serendipitously covered the sky position of a variable X-ray source AX J1714.1−3912, previously suggested to be a supergiant fast X-ray transient (SFXT). During the XMM–Newton observation the source is variable on a time-scale of hundred seconds and shows two luminosity states, with a flaring activity followed by unflared emission, with a variability amplitude of a factor of about 50. We have discovered an intense iron emission line with a centroid energy of 6.4 keV in the power law-like spectrum, modified by a large absorption (NH∼1024 cm−2), never observed before from this source. This X-ray spectrum is unusual for an SFXT, but resembles the so-called ‘highly obscured sources’, high mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) hosting an evolved B[e] supergiant companion (sgB[e]). This might suggest that AX J1714.1−3912 is a new member of this rare type of HMXBs, which includes IGR J16318-4848 and CI Camelopardalis. Increasing this small population of sources would be remarkable, as they represent an interesting short transition evolutionary stage in the evolution of massive binaries. Nevertheless, AX J1714.1−3912 appears to share X-ray properties of both kinds of HMXBs (SFXT versus sgB[e] HMXB). Therefore, further investigations of the companion star are needed to disentangle the two hypothesis.
Post hoc analysis of clinical characteristics of patients with radiographic progression in a Japanese phase 3 trial of peficitinib and methotrexate treatment (RAJ4)
Authors: Tanaka Yoshiya , Takeuchi Tsutomu , Kato Daisuke , Kaneko Yuichiro , Fukuda Musashi , Izutsu Hiroyuki , Rokuda Mitsuhiro , van der Heijde Désirée 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective
To determine the efficacy of peficitinib in reducing joint damage and predictive factors affecting treatment response in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Methods
This post hoc analysis used data from a placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial (RAJ4) of peficitinib in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and inadequate response to methotrexate. Erosion and joint space narrowing (JSN) were assessed at baseline and at Week 28/early termination of treatment using the van der Heijde-modified Sharp method. A univariate logistic regression analysis of change from baseline in a modified total Sharp score identified predictive factors with significant treatment interaction; the effects of these factors on treatment response were further evaluated using a multivariate model.

Results
The analyses included 481 patients. For most joint groups, peficitinib demonstrated a reduced change from baseline at Week 28/early termination in erosion and JSN scores versus placebo; a numerically greater effect was observed with peficitinib 150 mg versus 100 mg. Baseline C-reactive protein (CRP) and prednisolone dose were identified as clinically significant negative predictive factors: the treatment effect decreased as CRP or prednisolone dose increased for both peficitinib doses.

Conclusions
Peficitinib 100 mg and 150 mg reduced joint damage versus placebo, across almost all joint groups. Higher baseline CRP and/or prednisolone dose were associated with reduced peficitinib efficacy.

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier
NCT02305849
Targeting DNA polymerase to DNA double-strand breaks reduces DNA deletion size and increases templated insertions generated by CRISPR/Cas9
Authors: Yoo Kyung W , Yadav Manish Kumar , Song Qianqian , Atala Anthony , Lu Baisong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Most insertions or deletions generated by CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9) endonucleases are short (&lt;25 bp), but unpredictable on-target long DNA deletions (&gt;500 bp) can be observed. The possibility of generating long on-target DNA deletions poses safety risks to somatic genome editing and makes the outcomes of genome editing less predictable. Methods for generating refined mutations are desirable but currently unavailable. Here, we show that fusing Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I or the Klenow fragment to Cas9 greatly increases the frequencies of 1-bp deletions and decreases &gt;1-bp deletions or insertions. Importantly, doing so also greatly decreases the generation of long deletions, including those &gt;2 kb. In addition, templated insertions (the insertion of the nucleotide 4 nt upstream of the protospacer adjacent motif) were increased relative to other insertions. Counteracting DNA resection was one of the mechanisms perturbing deletion sizes. Targeting DNA polymerase to double-strand breaks did not increase off-targets or base substitution rates around the cleavage sites, yet increased editing efficiency in primary cells. Our strategy makes it possible to generate refined DNA mutations for improved safety without sacrificing efficiency of genome editing.
Bone density, microarchitecture and estimated strength in stone formers: a cross-sectional HR-pQCT study
Authors: Esper Priscila Ligeiro Gonçalves , Rodrigues Fernanda Guedes , Melo Thalita Lima , Ormanji Milene Subtil , Campos Carlos M , Alvarenga Jackeline Couto , Caparbo Valeria de Falco , Carvalho Aluizio Barbosa , Pereira Rosa Maria Rodrigues , Heilberg Ita Pfeferman 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Low areal bone mineral density (BMD), increased fracture risk and altered bone remodeling have been described among stone formers (SFs), but the magnitude of these findings differs by age, sex, menopausal status and urinary calcium (uCa). This study aimed to investigate volumetric BMD (vBMD), bone microarchitecture and biomechanical properties by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) and finite element analysis (FEA) in young SFs, irrespective of calciuria, further distinguishing trabecular from cortical compartments.

Methods
HR-pQCT/FEA was performed at the distal tibia (DT) and distal radius (DR) in 106 SFs (57 males and 49 premenopausal females; median age 37 years) and compared with 106 non-SFs (NSFs) retrieved from an existing database, matched for age, sex and body mass index (BMI). Biochemical/hormonal serum and urinary parameters were obtained from SFs.

Results
SFs exhibited significantly lower trabecular number (TbN) and higher trabecular separation (TbSp) than NSFs at both anatomical sites and lower cortical porosity in the DR. In a subgroup analysis separated by sex, female SFs presented significantly lower TbvBMD, relative bone volume fraction (BV/TV) and TbN and higher TbSp than NSFs at both sites, while male SFs showed significantly lower stiffness and failure load. Multivariate analysis showed TbN to be independently associated with sex and BMI at both sites and with uCa at the DR.

Conclusions
The present findings suggest that bone disease represents an early event among SFs, associated at least in part with calcium excretion and mainly characterized by trabecular bone microarchitecture impairment, especially among women, but with reduced bone strength parameters in men.
Cell-Type-Dependent but CME-Independent Polar Localization of Silicon Transporters in Rice
Authors: Konishi Noriyuki , Huang Sheng , Yamaji Naoki , Ma Jian Feng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Silicon (Si) is an important nutrient required for sustainable and high production of rice and its uptake is mediated by a pair of influx (OsLsi1)–efflux (OsLsi2) transporters showing polar localization. However, the mechanisms underlying their polarity are unknown. Here, we revealed that the polarity of the Si transporters depends on cell types. The polar localization of both OsLsi1 and OsLsi2 was not altered by Si supply, but their protein abundance was reduced. Double immunostaining showed that localization of OsLsi1 and OsLsi2 was separated at the edge of the lateral polar domain by Casparian strips in the endodermis, whereas they were slightly overlapped at the transversal side of the exodermis. When OsLsi1 was ectopically expressed in the shoots, it showed polar localization at the xylem parenchyma cells of the basal node and leaf sheath, but not at the phloem companion cells. Ectopic expression of non-polar Si transporters, barley HvLsi2 and maize ZmLsi2 in rice, resulted in their polar localization at the proximal side. The polar localization of OsLsi1 and OsLsi2 was not altered by inhibition of clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) by dominant-negative induction of dynamin-related protein1A and knockout of mu subunit of adaptor protein 2 complex, although the knockout mutants of OsAP2M gene showed dwarf phenotype. These results indicate that CME is not required for the polar localization of Si transporters. Taken together, our results indicate that CME-independent machinery controls the polar localization of Si transporters in exodermis, endodermis of root cells and xylem parenchyma cells.
Co-Occurrence of HIMU and EM1 Components in a Single Magellan Seamount: Implications for the Formation of West Pacific Seamount Province
Authors: Wei Xun , Zhang Yan , Shi Xue-Fa , Castillo Paterno R , Xu Yi-Gang , Yan Quan-Shu , Liu Ji-Hua 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Our general understanding of mantle composition and dynamics mainly comes from the composition of lavas from oceanic intraplate volcanoes. They are generally accepted to originate from deep, relatively stationary mantle plumes. Many groups of seamounts comprising the West Pacific Seamount Province (WPSP), however, do not form long-lived, narrow and continuous chains of volcanoes with clear age progression; thus, their origin does not seem to fit this general model. Here we show a wide compositional spectrum of lavas from the Pako guyot within the Magellan seamount trail (MST), an age-progressive but short-lived volcanic chain in the WPSP. For the first time, both extreme high μ = 238U/204Pb mantle (HIMU)- and enriched mantle 1 (EM1)-like mantle plume components occur in a single seamount in the Pacific Ocean. Based on alteration resistant trace element and Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf isotopic compositions, the Pako lavas fall into three distinct groups. Group 1 has a distinctive HIMU composition with high (206Pb/204Pb)i ratios (20.41–20.94) similar to the Arago (also known as ‘Young Rurutu’ or ‘Atiu’) hotspot composition, suggesting derivation from a HIMU mantle source. Groups 2 and 3 EM1-like lavas comprise the dominant rock type and display the largest Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf isotopic variations that can be best explained by mixing between melts of focal zone (FOZO) and EM1-like mantle components. Additionally, olivine phenocrysts from Group 3 EM1-like lavas have high Ni contents, Fe/Mn and Mn/Zn ratios and low Zn/Fe*10 000 ratios, which can be explained through fractional crystallization of high-pressure partial melts from fertile peridotite. The EM1-like Groups 2 and 3 lavas are compositionally similar to the Rarotonga hotspot composition, suggesting that the MST is possibly an old trace of the Rarotonga hotspot, which is most likely a long-lived hotspot generated above a deep mantle plume. Combined with existing geochemical and tectonic data, we propose that the Magellan seamounts were likely derived from partial melting of a heterogeneous mantle plume containing HIMU, FOZO and EM1-like components. Alternatively, they could have been derived from the Arago and Rarotonga mantle plumes, each having its distinct compositional signature. The occurrence of HIMU- and EM1-like mantle plume components in a single volcano suggests that the superposition of compositionally different hotspot volcanic trails in the South Pacific could have played an important role in the generation of the WPSP.