bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Researching Graduated Cyber Security Students – Reflecting Employment and Job Responsibilities through NICE framework
Authors: Saharinen Karo , Viinikanoja Jarmo , Huotari Jouni 
Published: June 2022

Most research and development on Cyber Security education is currently focusing on what should be taught, how much, and where within the degree programmes. Different Cyber Security frameworks are currently evolving to include Cyber Security education parallel to older paradigms of Computing Education, existing alongside with such as “Information Technology” and “Software Engineering”. Different Cyber Security specialisations or even whole degree programmes have started within universities before the frameworks have been defined into standardised degree structures. This is mainly the result of a dire industry need of well-educated cyber security personnel, a phenomenon affecting the industry globally.
Our research concentrates on Finnish alumni students who have already graduated from a bachelor’s degree programme in Information Technology with a specialisation in Cyber Security in Finland. Within our gathered research data, we analysed what is the industry sector where their current job resides, and what are the cyber security responsibilities in their current work. The questionnaire also contained an after-reflection section where the graduated students could choose what they would study were they about to start and plan their studies again.
The results verify that Cyber Security is still the most favoured specialisation within the former Cyber Security alumni students. Slight variation is evident from the data, which in the authors’ perspective, verifies the multifaceted nature of Cyber Security. When analysing alumni students’ job responsibilities, the main category of work resides in the “Protect and Defend” category of the NICE Framework, which in the terms of the conference, relates to Critical Infrastructure Protection being the main subject of employment for fresh graduates.
These results give insight to other education organisations on how to develop their curricula to further emphasise the employment of students or to offer modules which are of interest for newly employed Cyber Security professionals. In addition, it gives an insight of industry demand for freshly graduated students within the target group.
Combining System Integrity Verification with Identity and Access Management
Authors: Kylänpää Markku , Salonen Jarno 
Published: June 2022

Digital transformation and the utilization of Industrial IoT (IIoT) introduces numerous interconnected devices to factories increasing among others the challenge of managing their software versions and giving attackers new possibilities to exploit various software vulnerabilities.
Factory networks were earlier isolated from the Internet. However, this separation is no longer valid and there can be connections that allow intruders to penetrate into information systems of factories. Another issue is that although factories typically are physically isolated, it is not necessarily safe to assume that physical security is in good shape as the novel supply networks comprise subcontracted activities and temporary work force. Another threat can also arise from unauthorized monitoring of devices and the unauthorized replacement of existing ones.
Based on the previous, it is crucial that IIoT security should be built into factories of the future (FoF) right from the design phase and even low-end devices need to be supported. Trusted computing concept called remote attestation should be used. Remote attestation allows remote parties to verify the integrity of each system component. System components should include trusted hardware components that can be used to measure executable software. The term measurement means calculating the cryptographic hash of the binary component before passing control to it. Trusted hardware components should also have a mechanism to protect the integrity of the measurement list and cryptographic keys that can be used to sign integrity assertions. The verifier part should have a storage of reference integrity metrics identifying the expected values of these measurements.
Deploying trusted computing and remote attestation concepts to industrial automation is not straightforward. Even if it is possible to use remote attestation with suitable hardware components, it is not clear how remote attestation should be integrated with various operational technology (OT) industrial automation protocols. Approaches to use remote attestation with existing industrial automation protocols (e.g., OPC UA) is discussed. Advanced identity and access management (e.g., OAuth2, OpenID Connect) can be used to combine integrity measurements with device identity information so that the remote attestation process is triggered by authentication during the first transaction. The focus is on machine-to-machine (M2M) communications with immutable device identities and integrity evidence transfer.
The Cyber Era`s Character of War
Authors: Turunen Maija 
Published: June 2022

The nature of war is often considered unchanged, although in the cyber era the concept of war, weapon, and fighter have become blurred. Instead, the character of war is constantly changing and is always unique. The character of war is not similar at different battle domains or levels of warfare, which complicates the course of war. A serious deviation from a strategic-level perception of war character in relation to an operational or tactical level perception character of war can result in defeat.
The fog of war has intensified, although the situational awareness of conventional battlefields has clarified due to advances in technology. Technology is a key factor in shaping the war character of the cyber era, depending on the point of view, in 4th or 5th generation warfare. The nature of the next generation warfare and the formation of the character of war may be determined by the Artificial Intelligence or other Emerging and Disruptive Technologies, which itself develops and uses technology or some other technology, not yet known to us.
This paper seeks to find factors that influence the formation of the cyber era`s war character and its transformation in Western and Russian military thinking. The aim is to describe the opportunities and challenges associated with the use of advanced technology in the military purpose. This review is based on the NATO`s and the Russia`s strategy papers. Theoreticallly, this paper draws on the theory of the character of war, which is applied to the question under study through the theory of strategic culture. An integrative literature analysis has been used as the research method.
The key findings of the paper are that Russia and the West share the view that a war-like battle is already under way in the cyberspace. That requires an faster and better capacity to utilize advanced technologies as part of or in support of weapons systems. Russia and the West are struggling with the moral, legal, and technical problems associated with the use of advanced technology, but are aware of its necessity in the cyber warfare.
Expectations And Mindsets Related To GDPR
Authors: Hirvonen Pauliina 
Published: June 2022

The aim of this qualitative case study is to examine the initial expectations and assumptions related to General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) of the European Union from the perspectives of selected Finnish organizations: what were the initial expectations of GDPR, how were they adapted/refined over time, and what was the impact on organizational planning and resourcing. There are no precise earlier studies on the subject. The research question was: What were the organizations’ initial expectations of GDPR - and how have they affected the efforts made? GDPR can be described as an input that forms images, preconceptions and views among other things, through various active and passive communication flows. As the empirical results indicate GDPR has been a legal issue, mainly due to the inadequate and unspecific active, official, communication flows. As a result, organizations have experienced difficulties to scale the necessary GDPR efforts. The results of this research can benefit both privacy and information security managers and personnel responsible for aligning policies and practices, and to evaluate organization-specific actions on GDPR compliance. The results can support regulators and authorities in the future GDPR and other policy work and provide ideas for service providers.
DRAM-based Physically Unclonable Functions and the Need for Proper Evaluation
Authors: Lipps Christoph , Ahr Pascal , Schotten Hans Dieter 
Published: June 2022

Dynamic Random-Access Memory (DRAM)-based Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are a part of the Physical Layer Security (PhySec) domain. Those electrical PUFs are memory based and exhibit a high availability, Shannon Entropy, low energy consumption and high amount of Challenge Response Pairs (CRPs). Because of those properties, the DRAM PUF is a promising approach for security applications in the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) context as well as securing the Sixth-Generation (6G) Wireless Systems and edge computing.
DRAM, with its most common one-Transistor one-Capacitor (1T1C) architecture, and as a volatile memory is embedded in almost every modern computing unit. Regarding the PUF security applications, four main types of applications are currently distinguished in the scientific community: Retention Error, Row Hammer, Startup and Latency PUFs. Thereby these differ in their procedure in how responses are generated as well as by the physical mechanisms. Each of them with varying properties in terms of availability, reliability, uniqueness and uniformity.
To examine this, and to obtain comparable results, this work proposes to compare the four different DRAM-PUF types i) with the same metrics of evaluation and ii) implemented on the same DRAM cells. This represents both the difference with regard to the work done in the literature and the added value of this work presented. As far as known, there is no work to date that performs the intended evaluations using the same evaluation platform under the identical conditions. However, this is required for comparable results.
This consistent comparison is ensured by a self-developed and implemented evaluation platform, which is accordingly equipped with a significant number of DRAMs. By an appropriate high volume of measurements, a corresponding resolution will be given. Monitoring the environmental conditions prevents from wrong interpretations caused by environmental influences but also provides useful context information. Furthermore, a detailed technical and physical background will be described. The results of this approach will assist by the consideration of which DRAM-PUF is appropriate in which (environmental) conditions and thereby provide a guideline for practitioners.
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan ibu dengan Minat terhadap Penggunaan Alat Kontrasepsi Dalam Rahim (AKDR) Pasca bersalin
Authors: Octavi Fazia Della , Lestari Fitria , Munir Rindasari 
Published: June 2022

Menurut World Health Organization Indonesia memiliki jumlah penduduk terpadat ke-4 didunia dengan jumlah populasi sekitar 250 juta penduduk. Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan (2018) menemukan bahwa jumlah penduduk Indonesia 265 juta. Sekitar 55% pengguna AKDR memutuskan untuk beralih ke metode kontrasepsi jangka pendek. Jumlah akseptor AKDR baru di Indonesia sebanyak 145.520 (7,20%) dengan total 2.020.490 akseptor AKDR aktif. Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan ibu dengan minat terhadap penggunaaan AKDR Pasca bersalin. Penelitian ini bersifat analitik melalui pendekatan Cross Sectional.Populasi dalam penelitian ini seluruh ibu yang menggunakan AKDR Pasca bersalin di BPM Eka Budiarti Kota Bogor tahun 2021 yang berjumlah 37 orang. Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah sampling jenuh. Dimana sampel yang digunakan oleh penelitian ini seluruh populasi sebanyak 37 orang. 25 orang (67,6%) memiliki pengetahuan yang baik dan 12 orang (32,4%) memiliki pengetahuan yang kurang. 26 orang (70,3%) minat tinggi, sedangkan 11 orang (29,7%) minat rendah. Hasil uji statistik chi-square menunjukkan variabel pengetahuan dengan nilai P value sebesar 0,000 (P< 0,05) sehingga dapat disimpulkan ada hubungan pengetahuan antara tingkat pengetahuan ibu dengan minat terhadap penggunaan AKDR. Diharapkan dapat meningkatan pelayanan pada ibu pasca bersalin, dengan peningkatan keterampilan melalui pendidikan, pelatihan, dan meningkatkan kwalitas pelayanan
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PERILAKU CUCI TANGAN PAKAI SABUN (CTPS) UNTUK MENCEGAH PENULARAN COVID 19 PADA SISWA SMK MUHAMMADIYAH PARAKAN TAHUN 2021
Authors: Putro Wahyu Gito , Saraswati Yuni Ida , Hasan H. M. , Romlah Siti Novy 
Published: June 2022

Coronaviru Diseases 2019 adalah penyakit jenis baru yang belum pernah diidentifikasikan sebelumnya. Indonesia melaporkan angka kasus Covid 19 pada desember 2021 sebanyak 4.262.720 dengan kasus terkonfirmasi Covid 19. Salah satu upaya pencegahan penularan virus Covid-19 adalah dengan rajin cuci tangan pakai sabun secara detail dan menyeluruh penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku cuci tangan pakai sabun untuk mencegah penularan Covid 19 pada siswa SMK Muhammadiyah Parakan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif, desain penelitian ini analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini seluruh siswa SMK Muhammadiyah Parakan yang berjumlah 124 siswa. Pengambilan sampel dengan teknik stratified random sampling pada kelas X, XI, XII yang berjumlah 94 siswa. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis univariate dan analisis bivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan (Pvalue =0,014), dukungan teman (Pvalue =0,038), sedangkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara sikap (Pvalue =0,680), sarana dan prasarana (Pvalue =0,087) dengan perilaku cuci tangan pakai sabun untuk mencegah penularan Covid 19 pada siswa SMK Muhammadiyah Parakan. Dapat disimpulkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan dari beberapa faktor yaitu pengetahuan, dukungan teman. Tidak adanya hubungan yang signifikan yaitu sikap, sarana dan prasarana.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP IBU DENGAN KECEMASAN MENGHADAPI MENOPAUSE DI DESA BUNIWANGI
Authors: Yuliastri Desti , Ariandini Shanti , Rahmadini Annisa Fitri 
Published: June 2022

Menurut WHO Pada tahun 2030 diperkirakan akan mencapai 1,2 miliar wanita yang berusia 50 tahun menunjukkan peningkatan jumlah menopause. sebagian besar (sekitar 80 persen) tinggal di negara berkembang setiap tahunnya populasi wanita menopause meningkat sekitar 30%. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dan desain penelitian yang digunakan metode Analitik-korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sample yang digunakan oleh peneliti adalah Ibu berusia 40-50 tahun dan menjadi responden sebanyak 83 orang dengan kriteria dalam penelitian ini adalah Populasi dari penelitian yaitu 500 ibu warga di Desa Buniwangi. Responden yang pengetahuannya baik sebanyak 89,2% dan kurang sebanyak 10,8%, respon baik sebanyak 88,0% dan kurang baik sebanyak 12,0%, dan responden yang tidak mengalami kecemasan sebanyak 3,6% dan mengalami kecemasan 96,4%. Hasil uji chi squareyang telah dilakukan mendapat nilai p sebesar 0,003 sehingga berhubungan dengan nilai p. Uji statistik dapat dikatakan bahwa Hubungan Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Ibu Dengan Kecemasan Menghadapi Menopause di Desa Buniwangi Tahun 2021. Diharapkan kepada masyarakat kelurahan Buniwangi ibu menopause disarankan agar lebih aktif mencari informasi dari petugas maupun media yang ada sehingga dapat menambah pengetahuan khususnya untuk mencegah kecemasan menghadapi menopause karena itu perubahan yang alamiah.
Pengetahuan Terhadap Gizi Pada Lansia
Authors: Novianty Kiki , Syarah Eneng Siti , Angela Sherlyn 
Published: June 2022

Mutu kehidupan menyebabkan perubahan strutktur penduduk dan juga meningkatkan jumlah penduduk lanjut usia (Lansia). Lansia adalah bagian lanjut dari suatu proses kehidupan disertai penurunan kemampuan fisik dan kognitif. Mengetahui pengetahuan tentang asupan gizi pada lansia serta penanganannya pada lansia di Kav. Hj. Edi Rt 02 Rw 02 Desa Semplak, Kecamatan Bogor Barat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei di Kav. Hj. Edi Rt 02 Rw 02 Desa Semplak Kecamatan Bogor Barat dengan jumlah sasaran 20 lansia dengan menggunakan pre dan post test. Analisis yang digunakan adalah uji Paired t-sampel. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh, nilai rata rata post-test lebih tinggi dari nilai rata-rata pre-test yaitu terdapat peningkatan hasil literasi gizi pada lansia. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa hasil signifikansi lebih kecil dari 0,05 yang artinya terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan dan pemahaman lansia mengenai gizi pada lansia.
OPTIMALISASI KEPEMIMPINAN NASIONAL/TNI DALAM PERCEPATAN PENANGANAN COVID-19 DAN PEMULIHAN EKONOMI NASIONAL GUNA MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM RANGKA TERWUJUDNYA INDONESIA TANGGUH DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF KEPEMIMPINAN STRATEGIS
Authors: Widhi Cahyono Anggit , Guyana Daniel 
Published: June 2022

AbstrakIndonesia saat ini, bahkan hampir seluruh negara di dunia secara global telah menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19 dan keterpurukan ekonomi sebagai salah satu bentuk tantangan terhadap dinamika kepemimpinan dalam perspektif kepemimpinan berbangsa dan bernegara. Dalam mewujudkan hal tersebut diperlukan suatu strategi pencarian solusi yang salah satunya melalui penguatan peran sentral kepemimpinan strategis. Kepemimpinan strategis bertanggungjawab untuk menciptakan antara tuntutan lingkungan eksternal organisasi dengan visi, misi, strategi dan implementasi organisasi. Kepemimpinan strategis bersifat multifungsional, terutama melibatkan pengelolaan melalui orang lain, dan membantu organisasi untuk menghadapi perubahan yang tampaknya berkembang secara eksponensial dalam lingkungan global. upaya mewujudkan peningkatan peran kepemimpinan strategis nasional/TNI dalam percepatan penanganan Covid-19 dan pemulihan ekonomi nasional saat ini terdapat beberapa kendala diantaranya terbatasnya kemampuan perencanaan, terbatasnya kemampuan implementasi strategi serta terbatasnya kemampuan evaluasi. AbstracIndonesia today, even almost all countries in the world globally have faced the Covid-19 pandemic and economic downturn as a form of challenge to the dynamics of leadership in the perspective of national and state leadership. In realizing this, a solution-seeking strategy is needed, one of which is through strengthening the central role of strategic leadership. Strategic leadership is responsible for creating between the demands of the external environment of the organization with the vision, mission, strategy and implementation of the organization. Strategic leadership is multifunctional, primarily involving managing through other people, and helping organizations to cope with changes that appear to be growing exponentially in a global environment. In an effort to realize the increasing role of the national strategic leadership/TNI in accelerating the handling of Covid-19 and the current national economic recovery, there are several obstacles including limited planning capabilities, limited ability to implement strategies and limited evaluation capabilities.
Anteseden Word Of Mouth pada Konteks Perguruan Tinggi Swasta: Studi Empiris Di Universitas Pelita Harapan
Authors: Meranga Isana S.C. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract: The number of Private Universities (PT) in Indonesia which reached 3,136 in 2018 and the downward trend in the number of student registrations since 2015-2019, as well as the ongoing covid pandemic situation, have potential for competition. PT is important to fight for and maintain competitive advantage by collaborating with stakeholders for the sustainability of PT. The purpose of this study was to see the effect of brand image, customer satisfaction, and consumer loyalty on word of mouth (WOM) behavior. This research is a quantitative research with data collection through questionnaires from respondents who are active students of Pelita Harapan University (UPH). Respondents in this study amounted to 180 respondents. Data processing in the study using PLS-SEM. The results of this study indicate that brand image has a positive effect on consumer loyalty, consumer satisfaction has a positive effect on consumer loyalty, consumer loyalty has a positive effect on WOM, brand image has a positive effect on WOM, and consumer satisfaction has a positive effect on WOM. Contributions to this research provide information and knowledge for service company managers, especially universities to make sustainable marketing decision-making strategies through brand strengthening and innovation improvement in increasing student satisfaction and loyalty.Abstrak: Jumlah Perguruan Tinggi (PT) Swasta di Indonesia yang mencapai 3.136 di tahun 2018 dan tren jumlah pendaftaran mahasiswa yang menurun sejak tahun 2015-2019, serta situasi pandemic covid yang sedang berlangsung, berpotensi pada persaingan. PT penting untuk memperjuangkan dan mempertahankan keunggulan kompetitif dengan berkolaborasi dengan para stakeholder untuk keberlanjutan PT. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ingin melihat pengaruh citra merek, kepuasan konsumen, dan loyalitas konsumen terhadap perilaku word of mouth (WOM). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitaif dengan pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner dari responden yang adalah mahasiswa aktif Universitas Pelita Harapan (UPH). Responden pada penelitian ini berjumlah 180 responden. Pengolahan data pada penelitian menggunakan PLS-SEM. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa citra merek berpengaruh positif terhadap loyalitas konsumen, kepuasan konsumen berpengaruh positif terhadap loyalitas konsumen, loyalitas konsumen berpengaruh positif terhadap WOM, citra merek berpengaruh positif terhadap WOM, dan kepuasan konsumen berpengaruh positif terhadap WOM. Kontribusi pada penelitian ini memberikan informasi dan pengetahuan bagi pengelola perusahaan jasa khususnya Perguruan Tinggi untuk membuat strategi keberlanjutan pengambilan keputusan pemasaran melalui penguatan merek dan perbaikan inovasi dalam meningkatkan kepuasan dan loyalitas mahasiswa.