bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The perchloroethylene‐induced toxicity in dry cleaning workers lymphocytes through induction of oxidative stress
Authors: Ghahri Asghar , Dehghan Mohammad Hossien , Seydi Pouria , Mashayekhi Sara , Naderi Yasaman , Seydi Enayatollah 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEvaluation of the compounds and metabolites, and studying their side effects in the workplace is essential. This study was designed to evaluate the exposure of dry cleaning workers to perchloroethylene (PEC), and its liver and kidney damage, and oxidative stress in B‐lymphocytes isolated from the workers. Blood samples were evaluated for liver (alanine transaminase [ALT] and aspartate transaminase [AST]) and kidney (BUN and creatinine) markers. For measurement of PEC, exhaled, personal, and ambient air samples were collected and analyzed gas chromatography (GC‐FID) through the NIOSH 1003 and 3704 methods. Also, the parameters of oxidative stress including the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in B‐lymphocytes were evaluated. The results showed that the levels of liver enzymes ALT and AST in dry cleaning workers are higher than in the control group. The personal exposure levels and exhaled air concentration of PEC in dry cleaning workers were above the recommended national occupational exposure limits (OELs) and the biological exposure index (BEI). The levels of ROS, LPO, and GSSG in B‐lymphocytes from the dry cleaning workers are higher than the control group, and the levels of GSH in dry cleaning workers are lower. The results suggested that exposure of dry cleaning workers to PEC could be associated with liver damage and oxidative damage in B‐lymphocytes.
Age and experience with dental operating microscope: Do these factors influence on the post space preparation and adhesion of glass fiber posts?
Authors: Porciuncula Mariana , Teixeira Adriana P. , Duque Thais M. , Prado Marina C. , Simão Renata A. , Prado Maíra 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study evaluated the influence of operator's age and experience with dental operating microscope (DOM) on the cleaning of post space walls and on bond strength of glass fiber posts associated with self‐adhesive resin cement. Sixty bovine roots were selected. Root canal preparation was performed and roots were filled using gutta‐percha/AH Plus. For post space preparation, specimens were divided into four groups (n = 15), according to operator's age and the use of DOM: (1) ≥40 years; (2) ≥40 years with magnification; (3) <40 years; (4) <40 years with magnification. Next, a high‐speed bur of the post system and torque‐controlled round burs were used for cleaning of post space. Five roots in each group were evaluated for the degree of cleanliness under a stereo microscope using a scoring system. In the remaining 10 specimens from each group, glass fiber posts were cemented with RelyX U200. Two slices (1 ± 0.1 mm) prepared on each root third of all specimens were evaluated by push‐out analysis. The scoring system was analyzed using Kruskal‐Wallis and push‐out data using ANOVA. Significance level was set at 5%. No significant difference was observed in cleaning scores among groups (p > .05). There was no significant difference when comparing the groups and the root thirds (p > .05). The adhesive failure between dentin, cement, and post predominated in all groups. Operator's age and experience with DOM did not influence the cleanliness of root canal walls or the bond strength of glass fiber posts associated with self‐adhesive resin cement for post space preparation.Research Highlights
Although magnification is considered part of Endodontics, little is known about the variables associated.
Operator's age and experience with microscope on cleaning of canals and on push‐out of posts with self‐adhesive resin cement were evaluated.
Clinical utility of heparin-binding protein as an acute-phase inflammatory marker in interstitial lung disease
Authors: Xue Mingshan , Zhang Teng , Lin Runpei , Zeng Yifeng , Cheng Zhangkai Jason , Li Ning , Zheng Peiyan , Huang Huimin , Zhang Xiaohua Douglas , Wang Hongman , Sun Baoqing 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe role of heparin-binding protein (HBP) as an acute inflammatory marker in acute exacerbations of interstitial lung disease (AE-ILD) and some stable ILD patients is not well-established. The significance of increasing HBP during an AE-ILD is examined and the first attempt to incorporate HBP into the ILD evaluation system is made. Then, the benefit of HBP in AE-ILD was investigated. ILD patients (n = 108) were divided into subgroups based on the phase and severity of the disease. Linear trends of HBP across subgroups were observed, and correlations with common inflammatory markers were examined. Further, the HBP detection was adopted between serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Imaging and pathology changes were evaluated using various scoring criteria and compared to HBP. The relationship between HBP with ventilation, fibrosis progression, and changes in arterial oxygen levels and inflammatory markers were investigated to understand the mechanistic pathways. HBP was significantly higher in patients with AE-ILD at the early stage, compared to patients with ILD at the stable phase and its increase was both found in the serum and BALF. With the remission of the disease, there was a linear trend of progressive decline. HBP identified ILD patients who had co-infections. HBP levels increased earlier than CRP, PCT, and SAA. HBP was associated with pulmonary levels of ventilation and lesions by radiology examination, and its levels were significantly worse in AE-ILD patients. However, HBP did not show a correlation to the pathology quantitative evaluation. In conclusion, HBP could potentially evaluate the progression and prognosis of AE-ILD. Because ILD patients are susceptible to infection, and since HBP can identify co-infection, this marker would be of great clinical importance. HBP is possibly predictive of acute exacerbation.
Evaluation of Monoexponential, Stretched‐Exponential and Intravoxel Incoherent Motion MRI Diffusion Models in Early Response Monitoring to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients With Breast Cancer—A Preliminary Study
Authors: Almutlaq Zyad M. , Wilson Daniel J. , Bacon Sarah E. , Sharma Nisha , Stephens Samuel , Dondo Tatendashe , Buckley David L. 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThere has been a growing interest in exploring the applications of stretched‐exponential (SEM) and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) models of diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) in breast imaging, with the focus on differentiation of breast lesions. However, the use of SEM and IVIM models to predict early response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has received less attention.PurposeTo investigate the value of monoexponential, SEM, and IVIM models to predict early response to NACT in patients with primary breast cancer.Study TypeProspective.PopulationThirty‐seven patients with primary breast cancer (aged 46 ± 11 years) due to undergo NACT.Field Strength/SequencesA 1.5‐T MR scanner, T1‐weighted three‐dimensional spoiled gradient‐echo, two‐dimensional single‐shot spin‐echo echo‐planar imaging sequence (DWI) at six b‐values (0–800 s mm−2).AssessmentTumor volume, apparent diffusion coefficient, tissue diffusion (Dt), pseudo‐diffusion coefficient (Dp), perfusion fraction (f), distributed diffusion coefficient, and alpha (α) were extracted, following volumetric sampling of the tumors, at three time‐points: pretreatment, post one and three cycles of NACT.Statistical TestsMann–Whitney test, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Statistical significance level was P < 0.05.ResultsFollowing NACT, 17 patients were determined to be pathological responders and 20 nonresponders. Tumor volume was significantly larger in nonresponders at each MRI time‐point and demonstrated reasonable performance in predicting response (area under the ROC curve [AUC] = 0.83–0.87). No significant differences between groups were found in the diffusion coefficients at each time‐point (P = 0.09–1). The parameters α (SEM), f, and f × Dp (IVIM) were able to differentiate between response groups after one cycle of NACT (AUC = 0.73, 0.72, and 0.74, respectively).ConclusionDiffusion coefficients derived from the monoexponential, SEM, and IVIM models did not predict pathological response. However, the IVIM‐derived parameters f and f × Dp and the SEM‐derived parameter α were able to predict response to NACT in breast cancer patients following one cycle of NACT.Level of Evidence2Technical Efficacy Stage2
Compact 589 nm yellow source generated by frequency‐doubling of passively Q‐switched Nd:YVO4 Raman laser
Authors: Li Yahong , Huang Xiaohong , Mao Wenjie , Xu Jing , Duan Yanmin , Zhu Haiyong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCompact 589 nm yellow source was reported and generated from intracavity frequency‐doubling of c‐cut YVO4/Nd:YVO4/YVO4 Raman laser. A Cr4+:YAG/YAG composite was adopted for compact passively Q‐switching operation. Double‐end composited Nd:YVO4 crystal was designed to reduce the thermal effect and increase Raman crystal length. Both noncritical phase‐matching (NCPM) LBO crystal and critical phase‐matching (CPM) BBO crystal were used as frequency doubling crystal for comparison. 780 mW output power of 589 nm yellow emission was achieved with an incident pump power of 16 W. The pulse repetition frequency and pulse width were 41 kHz and 3.6 ns at the maximum output power, respectively. The results show passively Q‐switched operation provides a compact method to obtain 589 nm yellow emission.
A deep learning system for automated kidney stone detection and volumetric segmentation on noncontrast CT scans
Authors: Elton Daniel C. , Turkbey Evrim B. , Pickhardt Perry J. , Summers Ronald M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeEarly detection and size quantification of renal calculi are important for optimizing treatment and preventing severe kidney stone disease. Prior work has shown that volumetric measurements of kidney stones are more informative and reproducible than linear measurements. Deep learning‐based systems that use abdominal noncontrast computed tomography (CT) scans may assist in detection and reduce workload by removing the need for manual stone volume measurement. Prior to this work, no such system had been developed for use on noisy low‐dose CT or tested on a large‐scale external dataset.MethodsWe used a dataset of 91 CT colonography (CTC) scans with manually marked kidney stones combined with 89 CTC scans without kidney stones. To compare with a prior work half the data was used for training and half for testing. A set of CTC scans from 6185 patients from a separate institution with patient‐level labels were used as an external validation set. A 3D U‐Net model was employed to segment the kidneys, followed by gradient‐based anisotropic denoising, thresholding, and region growing. A 13 layer convolutional neural network classifier was then applied to distinguish kidney stones from false positive regions.ResultsThe system achieved a sensitivity of 0.86 at 0.5 false positives per scan on a challenging test set of low‐dose CT with many small stones, an improvement over an earlier work that obtained a sensitivity of 0.52. The stone volume measurements correlated well with manual measurements (). For patient‐level classification, the system achieved an area under the receiver‐operating characteristic of 0.95 on an external validation set (sensitivity = 0.88, specificity = 0.91 at the Youden point). A common cause of false positives were small atherosclerotic plaques in the renal sinus that simulated kidney stones.ConclusionsOur deep‐learning‐based system showed improvements over a previously developed system that did not use deep learning, with even higher performance on an external validation set.
Suppression of RIP1 activity via S415 dephosphorylation ameliorates obesity‐related hepatic insulin resistance
Authors: Wang Yanping , Xiong Jie , Yuan Yanmei , Wu Ping , Peng Chao , Wang Yibing , Lu Junxi , Yin Yue , Xu Junting , Chen Suzhen , Liu Junli 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveReceptor‐interacting serine/threonine‐protein kinase 1 (RIP1) is a well‐documented key regulator of TNFα‐mediated inflammation, apoptosis, and necroptosis, which contribute to the development of obesity‐related metabolic diseases such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. However, the mechanism regarding how RIP1 influences obesity‐related insulin resistance remains elusive.MethodsPrimary hepatocytes with necrostatin 1 treatment or RIP1 expression were exposed to palmitic acid (PA), prior to the examination of cellular insulin signaling. Phosphorylation sites of RIP1 were detected by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, and RIP1 variants with mutated phosphorylation sites were overexpressed in hepatocytes to identify the specific residue that influenced the RIP1‐mediated insulin resistance. Adenovirus expressing RIP1 (S415A) mutant were administered into diet‐induced obese mice to assess the effects on insulin sensitivity.ResultsThis study uncovered an aberrant increase in RIP1 activity during the development of obesity‐induced insulin resistance. Inhibition of RIP1 activity with necrostatin 1 ameliorated PA‐ or high‐fat diet‐caused hepatic insulin resistance. With liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry analysis and mutagenesis screening, S415, a novel phosphorylation site of RIP1, was identified to be responsible for RIP1‐mediated insulin resistance. Loss‐of‐function mutation of S415 efficiently blunted RIP1‐evoked insulin resistance in PA‐treated hepatocytes or diet‐induced obese mice.ConclusionsThese findings highlight the diabetogenic role of RIP1 S415 and propose RIP1 as a promising therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes.
A multi‐period integrated planning and scheduling approach for developing energy systems
Authors: Allen Richard Cory , Baratsas Stefanos G. , Kakodkar Rahul , Avraamidou Styliani , Demirhan Cosar Doga , Heuberger‐Austin Clara F. , Klokkenburg Mark , Pistikopoulos Efstratios N. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this work, we present a generic multi‐period integrated infrastructure planning and operational scheduling approach for developing energy systems. The methodology is applicable to energy systems with multiple resources, locations, processing pathways, and planning periods in which infrastructure decisions can be carried out. The framework incorporates a graph based approach to mode based scheduling, in which the mode transitions are mapped to a directed graph. We illustrate the applicability and effectiveness of the overall framework through the use of a case study examining the long‐term development of a multi‐site energy‐intensive hydrogen based energy system in Texas. In the case study, we find that developing the energy system over the course of its operational life as opposed to the beginning of its operational life reduces its capital and operational cost by over 20%.
Effects of dicumyl peroxide on cross‐linking pure poly(butylene succinate) foaming materials for high expansion and high mechanical strength
Authors: Xia Bihua , Wang Yang , Jiang Jie , Zhang Xuhui , Li Ting , Ma Piming , Chen Mingqing , Dong Weifu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper fabricated the cross‐linking poly(butylene succinate) foaming materials with high expansion ratio, high mechanical strength, and high degradation rate though cross‐linking and molding compression methods. With dicumyl peroxide content increasing, complex viscosity, and storage modulus appear to increase tendency. The properties of cell size, distribution, mechanical properties, and thermal conductivity all appear the first increasing and then decreasing trend with dicumyl peroxide content increasing. When dicumyl peroxide concentration is 6 wt% and azodicarbonamide concentration is 1 wt%, pure cross‐linking poly(butylene succinate) foaming material's expansion ratio and compression strength could reach 7.03 and 5.61 MPa, respectively. In addition, this pure cross‐linking poly(butylene succinate) foaming material has high degradability, and the degradation ratio could get 80% in alkaline aqueous solution.
Can the jigsaw puzzle model of protein folding re‐assemble a hydrophobic core?
Authors: Biswas Gargi , Ghosh Semanti , Basu Sankar , Bhattacharyya Dhananjay , Datta Alok Kumar , Banerjee Rahul 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAccording to the “jigsaw puzzle” model of protein folding, the isomorphism between sequence and structure is substantially determined by the specific geometry of side‐chain interactions, within the protein interior. In this work, we have attempted to predict the hydrophobic core of cyclophilin (LdCyp) from Leishmania donovani, utilizing a surface complementarity function, which selects for high goodness of fit between hydrophobic side‐chain surfaces, rather in the manner of assembling a three‐dimensional jigsaw puzzle. The computational core prediction method implemented here has been tried on two distinct scenarios, on the LdCyp polypeptide chain with native non‐core residues and all core residues initially set to alanine, on a poly‐glycine polypeptide chain. Molecular dynamics simulations appeared to indicate partial destabilization of the two designed sequences. However, experimental characterization of the designed sequences by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and denaturant (GdmCl) induced unfolding, demonstrated disordered proteins. Stepwise reconstruction of the designed cores by cumulative sequential mutations identified the specific mutation (M122L) as primarily responsible for fold collapse and all design objectives were achieved upon rectifying this mutation. In summary, the study demonstrates regions of the core to contain highly specific (jigsaw puzzle‐like) interactions sensitive to any perturbations and a predictive algorithm to identify such regions. A mutation within the core has been identified which exercises an inordinate influence on the global fold, reminiscent of metamorphic proteins. In addition, the computational procedure could predict substantial regions of the core (given main‐chain coordinates) without any reference to non‐core residues.
Radar and optical remote sensing for near real‐time assessments of cyclone impacts on coastal ecosystems
Authors: Mondal Pinki , Dutta Trishna , Qadir Abdul , Sharma Sandeep 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRapid impact assessment of cyclones on coastal ecosystems is critical for timely rescue and rehabilitation operations in highly human‐dominated landscapes. Such assessments should also include damage assessments of vegetation for restoration planning in impacted natural landscapes. Our objective is to develop a remote sensing‐based approach combining satellite data derived from optical (Sentinel‐2), radar (Sentinel‐1), and LiDAR (Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation) platforms for rapid assessment of post‐cyclone inundation in non‐forested areas and vegetation damage in a primarily forested ecosystem. We apply this multi‐scalar approach for assessing damages caused by the cyclone Amphan that hit coastal India and Bangladesh in May 2020, severely flooding several districts in the two countries, and causing destruction to the Sundarban mangrove forests. Our analysis shows that at least 6821 sq. km. land across the 39 study districts was inundated even after 10 days after the cyclone. We further calculated the change in forest greenness as the difference in normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) pre‐ and post‐cyclone. Our findings indicate a <0.2 unit decline in NDVI in 3.45 sq. km. of the forest. Rapid assessment of post‐cyclone damage in mangroves is challenging due to limited navigability of waterways, but critical for planning of mitigation and recovery measures. We demonstrate the utility of Otsu method, an automated statistical approach of the Google Earth Engine platform to identify inundated areas within days after a cyclone. Our radar‐based inundation analysis advances current practices because it requires minimal user inputs, and is effective in the presence of high cloud cover. Such rapid assessment, when complemented with detailed information on species and vegetation composition, can inform appropriate restoration efforts in severely impacted regions and help decision makers efficiently manage resources for recovery and aid relief. We provide the datasets from this study on an open platform to aid in future research and planning endeavors.
Living Stone Bridges: Epistemological Divides in Heritage Environmental Communication
Authors: Stoffle Richard 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIndigenous people share ancient epistemological understandings of the world. These define for them what makes up the world, how forces influence these components, and why this all happens. These understandings are basic in that they frame human value orientations, call for individual and group action, and interpret natural and human events. Because epistemology involves ancient shared cultural understandings of the world, talking about the world involves cross-cultural communication, which is a special feature of anthropology. This chapter is an analysis of epistemological divides in cross-cultural communication about massive stone bridges. The divide is most clearly viewed when Native American cultural experts explain the meaning and purpose of stone bridges to Western science-trained National Park Service managers and geologists. To the former, the stone bridges are alive and were made at Creation as a place for World-balancing ceremonies and as portals to and from other dimensions. To the latter, stone bridges are inert remanent sandstone deposits that have been eroded into oxbows and undercut by small rivers over millions of years.
Topological G2 and Spin(7) strings at 1-loop from double complexes
Authors: Ashmore Anthony , Coimbra André , Strickland-Constable Charles , Svanes Eirik Eik , Tennyson David 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe study the topologicalG2and Spin(7) strings at 1-loop. We define new double complexes for supersymmetric NSNS backgrounds of string theory using generalised geometry. The 1-loop partition function then has a target-space interpretation as a particular alternating product of determinants of Laplacians, which we have dubbed the analytic torsion. In the case without flux where these backgrounds have special holonomy, we reproduce the worldsheet calculation of theG2string and give a new prediction for the Spin(7) string. We also comment on connections with topological strings on Calabi-Yau and K3 backgrounds.
Difference-based Equivalent Static Load Method with adaptive time selection and local stiffness adaption
Authors: Triller J. , Immel R. , Harzheim L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractStructural optimization of crash-related problems usually involves nonlinearities in geometry, material, and contact. The Equivalent Static Load (ESL) method provides a method to solve such problems. It has previously been extended to employ an individual Finite Element model describing the deformed geometry at each considered time step under the name Difference-based Equivalent Static Load (DiESL) method. This paper demonstrates how an appropriate selection of the time steps in each cycle can further improve the convergence behavior of the DiESL method. It is shown that the adaptive selection of time steps leads to better objective values and more reliable convergence to the presumed global optimum. Furthermore, the DiESL extension enables the adaption of path-dependent structural properties of the original nonlinear problem like material stiffness in each linear auxiliary load case. In this paper, an adaption of the Young’s modulus on element level in the linear auxiliary problem corresponding to the local plasticization in the nonlinear dynamic problem is successfully implemented. Here, the test examples indicate that an observable improvement can only be obtained if neither the elements in the elastic nor in the plastic range are dominating the structure’s behavior.