bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of TNFAIP6 as a hub gene associated with the progression of glioblastoma by weighted gene co‐expression network analysis
Authors: Lin Dongdong , Li Wei , Zhang Nu , Cai Ming 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study aims to discover the genetic modules that distinguish glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) from low‐grade glioma (LGG) and identify hub genes. A co‐expression network is constructed using the expression profiles of 28 GBM and LGG patients from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The authors performed gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopaedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analysis on these genes. The maximal clique centrality method was used to identify hub genes. Online tools were employed to confirm the link between hub gene expression and overall patient survival rate. The top 5000 genes with major variance were classified into 18 co‐expression gene modules. GO analysis indicated that abnormal changes in ‘cell migration’ and ‘collagen metabolic process’ were involved in the development of GBM. KEGG analysis suggested that ‘focal adhesion’ and ‘p53 signalling pathway’ regulate the tumour progression. TNFAIP6 was identified as a hub gene, and the expression of TNFAIP6 was increased with the elevation of pathological grade. Survival analysis indicated that the higher the expression of TNFAIP6, the shorter the survival time of patients. The authors identified TNFAIP6 as the hub gene in the progression of GBM, and its high expression indicates the poor prognosis of the patients.
Disentangling emission from star-forming regions in the Magellanic Clouds: Linking [O iii]λ88 µm and 24 µm
Authors: Lambert-Huyghe A. , Madden S. C. , Lebouteiller V. , Galliano F. , Abel N. , Hu D. , Ramambason L. , Polles F. L. 
Published: June 2022

Context. The [O iii]λ88 µm line is observed in many galaxies including our neighboring Magellanic Clouds and is a well-known tracer of H ii regions, while the 24 µm continuum emission has often been used to trace warm dust in the ionized phases of galaxies. The association of both the [O iii]λ88 µm line and 24 µm in galaxies to star formation motivates this study to determine their observational relation.
Aims. This study explores the link between the [O iii]λ88 µm and 24 µm continuum in star-forming regions in the Magellanic Clouds. We also explore the local conditions driving the relation between those tracers.
Methods. We compared observations with 1D Cloudy models consisting of an H ii region plus a photodissociation region (PDR) component, varying the stellar age, the initial density (at the illuminated edge of the cloud), and the ionization parameter. We introduced a new parameter, cPDR, to quantify the proportion of emission arising from PDRs and that with an origin in H ii regions along each line of sight. We used the ratio ([C ii]+[O i])/[O iii] as a proxy for the ratio of PDR versus H ii region emission, and compared it to the [O iii]/24 µm ratio. The use of [O iii]/24 µm and [O iii]/70 µm together allowed us to constrain the models most efficiently.
Results. We find a correlation over at least 3 orders of magnitude in [O iii]λ88 µm and 24 µm continuum. This correlation is seen for spatially resolved maps of the Magellanic Cloud regions as well as unresolved galaxy-wide low metallicity galaxies of the Dwarf Galaxy Survey. We also find that most of the regions have low proportions of PDRs along the lines of sight (<12%), while a limited area of some of the mapped regions can reach 30–50%. For most lines of sight within the star-forming regions we have studied in the Magellanic Clouds, H ii regions are the dominant phase.
Conclusions. We propose the use of the correlation between the [O iii]λ88 µm and 24 µm continuum as a new predictive tool to estimate, for example, the [O iii]λ88 µm when the 24 µm continuum is available or inversely. This can be especially useful to prepare for Atacama Large Milimeter Array (ALMA) observations of [O iii]λ88 µm in high-z galaxies. The simple and novel method we developed may also provides a way to disentangle different phases along the line of sight, when other 3D information is not available.
Nonthermal radiation from the central region of super-accreting active galactic nuclei
Authors: Sotomayor Pablo , Romero Gustavo E. 
Published: June 2022

Context.The radio emission mechanism in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with high accretion rates is unclear. It has been suggested that low-power jets may explain the observed radiation at subparsec scales. The mechanisms for jet formation at super-Eddington rates, however, are not well understood. On the same scale, clouds from the broad-line region (BLR) propagating with supersonic velocities in the wind launched by the accretion disk may lead to the production of nonthermal radiation.Aims.We aim to characterize the nonthermal emission produced by the propagation of clouds through the wind of the accretion disk in super-accreting AGNs, and to estimate the relevance of such a contribution to the radio band of the electromagnetic spectrum.Methods.We determined the conditions under which the BLR clouds are not destroyed by shocks or hydrodynamic instabilities when immersed in the powerful wind of the accretion disk. These clouds form bowshocks which are suitable sites for particle acceleration. We developed a semianalytical model to calculate the distribution of relativistic particles in these bowshocks and the associated spectral energy distribution (SED) of the emitted radiation.Results.For typical parameters of super-accreting AGNs, we find that the cloud-wind interactions can produce nonthermal emission from radio up to a few tens of TeV, with slight absorption effects, if the processes occur outside the wind photosphere.Conclusions.Radio emission in AGNs without jets can be explained if the accretion rate is super-Eddington and if there is a BLR at subparsec scales around the central black hole. The accretion rate must not be extremely high so most of the clouds orbit outside of the wind photosphere and the radiation can escape to the observer. Instabilities in the disk wind, which have previously been reported in numerical simulations, generate clumps that increase the filling factor of the overdensities in the BLR and enhance the emitted radiation.
Einflussfaktoren auf Ergebnisse der Sterblichkeitsmessung in der
Corona-Pandemie: Auswertungen zur Sterblichkeit in Deutschland im Jahr
2020
Authors: Kowall Bernd , Oesterling Florian , Pflaumer Peter , Jöckel K.H. , Stang Andreas 
Published: June 2022

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung (Über)sterblichkeit und verlorene Lebensjahre sind
wichtige Maße für gesundheitliche Risiken durch die
Corona-Pandemie. Das Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, methodische Faktoren zu
benennen, die die Berechnung der Sterblichkeit beeinflussen, und auf
mögliche Fehlinterpretationen von verlorenen Lebensjahren
hinzuweisen.
Methodik Standardisierte Mortalitätsratios (SMRs) können
für den Vergleich von Sterblichkeiten verwendet werden (z. B.
bedeutet ein SMR von 1,015 eine Übersterblichkeit von 1,5%, ein
SMR von 0,990 eine Untersterblichkeit von 1,0%). In dieser Studie werden
SMRs als Assoziationsmaße für die Sterblichkeit in Deutschland
mit unterschiedlicher Methodik für das Jahr 2020 berechnet. Insbesondere
wird der Einfluss unterschiedlicher Datenquellen und Referenzperioden
untersucht. Ferner wird geprüft, welchen Einfluss es auf die berechnete
Sterblichkeit hat, die steigende Lebenserwartung zu berücksichtigen.
Darüber hinaus werden publizierte Ergebnisse zu verlorenen Lebensjahren
kritisch diskutiert.
Ergebnisse Die Nutzung aktueller Daten des Statistischen Bundesamts vom
Januar 2022, in denen die Sterblichkeit für 5-Jahres-Altersgruppen
berichtet wird, führt zu höheren SMR-Werten als die Nutzung
vorläufiger Daten vom Februar 2021 mit 20-Jahres-Altersklassen
(SMR=0,997, 95% Konfidenzintervall (KI): 0,995–0,999
versus SMR=0,976 (95% KI: 0,974–0,978)). Die Wahl des
Referenzzeitraums hat großen Einfluss auf die berechnete Sterblichkeit
(für Männer: SMR=1,024 (95% KI:
1,022–1,027) mit 2019 als Referenzjahr versus SMR=0,998
(95% KI: 0,996–1,001) mit 2016 bis 2019 als Referenzzeitraum).
Analysen, in denen bei der Berechnung erwarteter Sterbefälle die
sinkende Mortalität in den Jahren 2016 bis 2019 in das Jahr 2020
fortgeschrieben wird, führen zu deutlich höheren SMR-Werten
(für Männer SMR=1,024 (95% KI:
1,021–1,026) mit, und SMR=0,998 (95% KI:
0,996–1,001) ohne Fortschreibung der sinkenden Mortalität).
Zahlen zu pandemiebedingten verlorenen Lebensjahren pro an COVID-19 Verstorbenem
sind mit Vorsicht zu interpretieren: Eine Berechnung aus der in Sterbetafeln
angegebenen verbleibenden Lebenszeit führt zu irreführenden
Ergebnissen.
Schlussfolgerung Bei Berechnung zur Sterblichkeit und zu verlorenen
Lebensjahren während der Pandemie sind eine Reihe methodischer Annahmen
zu treffen, die erheblichen Einfluss auf die Ergebnisse haben und bei der
Interpretation der Ergebnisse beachtet werden müssen.
Maximizing the Versatility of Thin Flap from the Groin Area as a Workhorse Flap: The Selective Use of Superficial Circumflex Iliac Artery Perforator (SCIP) Free Flap and Superficial Inferior Epigastric Artery (SIEA) Free Flap with Precise Preoperative Planning
Authors: Kim Hyung Bae , Min Jae Chung , Pak Changsik John , Hong Joon Pio Jp , Suh Hyunsuk Peter 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of the selective use of the superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator (SCIP) and the superficial inferior epigastric artery (SIEA) flap as a workhorse flap from the groin area with precise preoperative surgical planning.Methods A total of 79 free flap reconstructions were performed in the study period; 35 SCIP free flaps and 19 SIEA free flaps were performed in the study period. Detailed preoperative surgical planning was performed using computed tomography (CT) angiography and color Doppler ultrasound. Detailed anatomical information of the flaps and reconstructive outcomes were evaluated.Results Flap characteristics between SCIP free flaps and SIEA free flaps were similar. The average transverse distance of the perforator from anterior superior iliac spine was 15.91 cm in SCIP free flaps and 43.15 cm in SIEA free flaps. The overall flap success rate was 96.4%. Majority of the patients achieved satisfactory contour without debulking surgery. Donor site morbidity was minimal with one case of wound dehiscence.Conclusion The selective use of the SCIP and SIEA free flap in groin area is a safe and useful technique. The surgical outcomes were reliable and similar between the SCIP and SIEA free flaps. Preoperative vascular planning using CT angiography and color Doppler ultrasound is essential for selecting the proper flap.
A Comparative Analysis of Risk Factors for Breast Skin Necrosis following Autologous versus Device-Based Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Lu Wang Marcos , Valenti Alyssa B. , Thomas Gianni , Huang Hao , Cohen Leslie E. , Otterburn David M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background Mastectomy skin flap necrosis often necessitates prolonged wound care, surgical re-excision, and it increases the risk for infection. This study aims to compare rates of skin flap necrosis between autologous and device-based reconstructions and identify risk factors.
Methods The authors retrospectively identified patients who underwent immediate breast reconstruction using either the deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap (n = 373 breasts, 41%) or tissue expanders (n = 529 breasts, 59%) by two surgeons at a single institution between 2011 and 2021. The rate of skin flap necrosis between autologous and device-based reconstructions was compared and multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors.
Results There was no significant difference in rates of skin flap necrosis between the two cohorts (26.8 vs. 15.5%, p = 0.052). Across all patients, hypertension and body mass index >30 were significant predictors of necrosis (p = 0.024 and p <0.001, respectively). Within our DIEP cohort, mastectomy specimen weight was a significant risk factor for necrosis (p = 0.001). The DIEP flap weight itself did not confer a higher risk for necrosis (p = 0.8).
Conclusion Immediate autologous reconstruction does not place patients at higher risk of skin necrosis. Hypertension and obesity (body mass index >30) were independent risk factors for necrosis in all patients. Mastectomy specimen weight was a significant predictor of necrosis in DIEP flap patients while the DIEP flap weight itself did not increase the risk for necrosis.
Dynamized Aloysia Polystachya (Griseb.) Essential Oil: A Promising Antimicrobial Product
Authors: Nader Talita Thomaz , Leonel Alexandre Henrique , Henrique Camila Yamasita , Contini Silvia Helena Taleb , Crevelin Eduardo José , França Suzelei de Castro , Berton Bianca Waléria , Pereira Ana Maria Soares 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background Compounds from vegetal matter have therapeutic potential to control highly prevalent microorganisms that are resistant to commonly used antimicrobial drugs. Dynamization of compounds can either maintain or improve their therapeutic effects, and make their use safer, especially those compounds whose therapeutic dose is close to the toxic limit. Aloysia polystachya (Griseb.) stands out among aromatic plants with antimicrobial potential.
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of dynamized and crude forms of A. polystachya essential oil against Candida albicans, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
Methods Essential oil was extracted from A. polystachya dry leaves, solubilized, and dynamized at 1 cH potency as recommended by the Brazilian Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia. Antimicrobial activity against C. albicans, E. coli and S. aureus of the samples was assayed using the plate microdilution method.
Results Dynamized A. polystachya essential oil at the concentration of 1 μg/mL inhibited the growth of all the microbial species analyzed. The minimum inhibitory concentration of dynamized essential oil was smaller than crude essential oil for S. aureus, E. coli and C. albicans.
Conclusion It is reported for the first time that A. polystachya dynamized essential oil can effectively suppress microbial growth, and it is a promising adjuvant to treat infections with pathogenic S. aureus, E. coli and C. albicans.
Rotation of the Tibial Plateau Segment to Control Arterial Haemorrhage during Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy: A Cadaveric Experimental Study and Nine Clinical Cases
Authors: Roses Leonor , Lopez de la Oliva Paula , Arnott Davinia 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to describe a simple and effective method to control severe haemorrhage from intraoperative trauma to the cranial tibial artery (CTA) during tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) and to report long-term outcomes.
Study Design Cadaveric descriptive study and retrospective case series. A TPLO was performed in eight cadaveric limbs, followed by intentional laceration of the CTA under fluoroscopic guidance. Dissection of the limb was performed and the relationship between the CTA and the surrounding structures was evaluated. A computed tomography angiogram was performed following TPLO in one cadaveric limb. Medical records from cases that had intraoperative arterial bleeding between 2015 and 2019 were reviewed. Cases were included if bleeding was controlled by following the usual steps for TPLO. Radiographic follow-up 6 to 10 weeks postoperatively and long-term follow-up owner's questionnaire were available.
Results During TPLO, the CTA is tightly compressed between the caudal aspect of the proximal tibia and the popliteal musculature. Rotation and compression of the proximal tibia followed by closure of the pes anserinus successfully controlled arterial bleeding during TPLO in nine clinical cases without the need for direct ligation.
Conclusion Continuing the usual steps of a TPLO can successfully control intraoperative bleeding from the CTA with no long-term complications. This technique should be considered in cases of arterial bleeding during TPLO before direct ligation.
Iatrogenic Iliopsoas Tendon Injury May Occur during Femoral Head and Neck Ostectomy—An Ex-Vivo Study in Dogs
Authors: Gillis Charlotte E. , Jaffe Michael H. , Lee Alison M. , Seitz Marc A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjective The aim of this study was to determine if inadvertent iatrogenic damage to the iliopsoas tendon can occur during routine femoral head and neck ostectomy (FHO), using a cadaveric dog model.Study Design Four cadaveric specimens (eight hindlimbs total) of dogs that were humanely euthanatized for reasons unrelated to this study. Pre-experimental radiography confirmed absence of pelvic or femoral comorbidities. Each limb of each paired sample was randomly assigned as either dissection-only control or FHO. The simulated FHO procedures were performed by an American College of Veterinary Surgeons diplomate, and post-procedure radiography confirmed appropriate ostectomy. The FHO limbs underwent pre- and postoperative ultrasonographic investigation by an American College of Veterinary Radiology diplomate. Finally, the FHO limbs were grossly dissected, and abnormalities were documented.Results Gross visual damage was seen on all postoperative FHO limbs. The damage was most apparent in extreme external rotation of the limb at dissection. Yet, ultrasound investigation did not reveal changes associated with these gross lesions.Conclusion Iatrogenic inadvertent damage to the iliopsoas tendon may occur during routine FHO, as demonstrated in this ex vivo model; however, this result is not evidence for clinical relevance. A prospective clinical study is needed to assess if iliopsoas injury secondary to FHO has any clinical impact on recovery and limb function.
Prediction of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Status in Breast Cancers with PET/CT Negative Axilla
Authors: Chinnappan Sheela , Chandra Piyush , Kumar Senthil , Sridev M.B. , Jain Deepti , Chandran Ganesan , Nath Satish 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background and Aim Prior knowledge of axillary node status can spare a lot of patients with early breast cancer morbidity due to an unnecessary axillary dissection. Our study compared various metabolic and pathological features that can predict the sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) status in patients with positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) negative axilla.
Patients and Methods All consecutive patients with early breast cancers (< 5 cm) with PET/CT negative axilla who underwent breast surgery and SLNB from November 2016 to February 2020 were included. Various primary tumor (PT) pathological variables and metabolic variables on PET/CT such as maximum standardized uptake value (PT-SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (PT-MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (PT-TLG) were compared using univariate and multivariate analyses for prediction of SLNB status.
Results Overall 70 patients, all female, with mean age 55.6 years (range: 33–77) and mean tumor size 2.2 cm (range: 0.7–4.5), were included. SLNB was positive in 20% of patients (n = 14) with nonsentinel nodes positive in 4% (n = 3) patients. Comparing SLNB positive and negative groups, univariate analysis showed significant association of SLNB with low tumor grade, positive lymphovascular invasion (LVI), positive estrogen receptor (ER) status with lower mean Ki-67 index (34.41 vs. 52.02%; p = 0.02), PT-SUVmax (5.40 vs. 8.68; p = 0.036), PT-MTV (4.71 cc vs. 7.46 cc; p = 0.05), and PT-TLG (15.12 g/mL.cc vs. 37.10 g/mL.cc; p = 0.006). On multivariate analysis, only LVI status was a significant independent predictor of SLNB status (odds ratio = 6.23; 95% confidence interval: 1.15–33.6; p = 0.033).
Conclusion SLNB is positive in approximately 20% of early breast cancers with PET/CT negative axilla and SLNB status appears to be independent of PT size. SLNB+ PTs were more likely to be LVI+ and ER + ve, with lower grade/Ki-67/metabolic activity (SUVmax/MTV/TLG) compared with SLNB–ve tumors. Logistic regression analysis revealed LVI status as the only significant independent predictor of sentinel lymph node status.
To Compare the Dimensional Accuracy of Casts Obtained from Different Impression Techniques in Implant Prosthodontics: An In-Vitro Study
Authors: Dhanda Aaina , Kalra Tarun , Kumar Manjit , Bansal Ajay , Sharma Ruchi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction Obtaining an appropriate impression of the implant position and surrounding soft and hard tissues is paramount to fabricating an esthetically and biologically functional definitive restoration.
Materials and Methods An edentulous maxillary acrylic master model was chosen. Four dummy implants were drilled into this model from the first premolar to first premolar region at equal distance using a dental surveyor to ensure parallel placement of the implants. Ten samples, each made for open tray (Group A), closed tray direct (Group B), and closed tray indirect (Group C) techniques using polyvinylsiloxane, were poured in type IV dental stone and 30 samples were hence obtained. The linear distance between the four implants were measured using the profile projector for each of the cast. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test.
Observation and Results Inter-implant and inter-abutment linear distances were measured (in mm) for the master model and the samples for 1 to 2, 2 to 3, 3 to 4, 1 to 3, 2 to 4, and 1 to 4, and the maximum deviation was found in Group B.
Conclusion The dimensional accuracy of casts obtained from closed tray indirect impression technique was the highest with linear distance values closest to the implant master model followed by open tray, and the least accuracy was found for closed tray direct impression technique.
Optimization of the double-laser-pulse scheme for enantioselective orientation of chiral molecules
Authors: Xu Long , Tutunnikov Ilia , Prior Yehiam , Averbukh Ilya Sh. 
Published: June 2022

We present a comprehensive study of enantioselective orientation of chiral molecules excited by a pair of delayed cross-polarized femtosecond laser pulses. We show that by optimizing the pulses’ parameters, a significant degree (∼10%) of enantioselective orientation can be achieved at 0 and 5 K rotational temperatures. This study suggests a set of reasonable experimental conditions for inducing and measuring strong enantioselective orientation. The strong enantioselective orientation and the wide availability of the femtosecond laser systems required for the proposed experiments may open new avenues for discriminating and separating molecular enantiomers.
L2 listening and its correlates
Authors: In'nami Yo , Koizumi Rie , Jeon Eun Hee , Arai Yuya 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Second-language (L2) listening ability is considered to consist of a diverse range of components that collectively help one to understand aural messages (e.g., Vandergrift & Goh, 2012). By building on and expanding previous meta-analyses, this chapter reports on a meta-analysis of L2 listening and its components. Two research questions were addressed: (1) what is the overall relationship between L2 listening and all its components collectively? and (2) what is the relationship between L2 listening and each of its components? Regarding (1), results from 118 studies (533 correlations) showed a significant, moderate relationship between L2 listening and its components overall (r = .446). Regarding (2), L2 listening was more strongly related to linguistic knowledge (grammar and vocabulary) than cognitive ability and affective features (aptitude, metacognitive awareness, working memory, attitude, and motivation), with anxiety (another affective feature) located in between. These results suggest how various components relate to L2 listening. The results also support the prediction that generally core components (i.e., linguistic knowledge) were expected to be more strongly correlated with L2 listening than were peripheral components (i.e., cognitive ability).