bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatitis C prevalence among men who have sex with men attending a gay bathhouse
Authors: Chirapongsathorn Sakkarin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and AimRelated research has found that men who visit public sex environments such as a gay bathhouse engage in unprotected anal intercourse and tend to have multiple sexual partners during their visit. We aimed to assess the risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission among men attending a gay bathhouse.MethodsA prospective study of the prevalence of HCV among men attending a gay bathhouse was conducted in Bangkok, Thailand, from October 2019 to March 2020. HCV risks and risk perceptions were evaluated using a self‐administered questionnaire. HCV testing with result notification was provided on site.ResultsOf the 40 participants (median age 30 years), one subject (2.5%) was positive for HCV antibody. Bathhouse patrons reported engaging in high‐risk sexual behavior, including sexually transmitted infection history and Chemsex experience. The subject tested positive for HCV antibody reported a frequency of attending gay bathhouse of around 2–4 times monthly and had multiple partners while attending a gay bathhouse. Only 15% of subjects realized that hepatitis C can be transmitted through sexual intercourse.ConclusionOur findings support HCV transmission‐reducing guidelines recommending providing selective HCV testing among men who have sex with men (MSM). Bathhouse patrons reported low literacy levels on HCV transmission. Nevertheless, HCV screening should cover a population exhibiting high‐risk sexual behaviors such as attending a gay bathhouse.
Characterization of chemical components in the Guanxinning injection by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
Authors: Li Rongrong , Cui Yifan , Zheng Xiaofen , Qin Xuemei , Cao Jianjun , Li Zhenyu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGuanxinning injection (GXNI) is widely used in the treatments of cerebral thrombosis, cerebral hemorrhage, sequela, coronary disease, stenocardia, arrhythmia, and so on. For the herbal injections, more components should be characterized and quantified as much as possible to guarantee the drug safety. However, large numbers of the chemical constituents in the GXNI still remain unknown. In this study, ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography‐Q Exactive hybrid quadrupole‐orbitrap high‐resolution accurate mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐Q Orbitrap HRMS), in combination of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), was used to identify the components in GXNI, which led to the identification of 194 compounds. With the aid of solvent partition, more phthalides, diterpenoid quinines, and salvianolic acids were tentatively identified, and minor compounds with the other structural types were also detected. The structural diversity of phthalides and diterpenoid quinones were revealed by the structural network, and six phthalides and 13 diterpenoid quinones were further detected in GXNI with the help of the characteristic fragmentation pattern and structural network. In addition, NMR also revealed the presence of a series of primary metabolites in the GXNI, which could be used as a complimentary approach for the rapid identification of the chemical components in the traditional Chinese medicines (TCM). However, the unknown NMR signals of GXNI needed to be further identified to guarantee the drug safety.
Evaluation of water gargle samples for SARS‐CoV‐2 detection using Abbott ID NOW COVID‐19 assay
Authors: Lévesque Simon , Beauchemin Stéphanie , Vallée Maud , Longtin Jean , Jacob‐Wagner Mariève , Dumaresq Jeannot , Dulcey Carlos , Labbé Annie‐Claude 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Abbott ID NOW™ COVID‐19 assay has been shown as a reliable and sensitive alternative to reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) testing from nasopharyngeal or nasal samples in symptomatic patients. Water gargle is an acceptable noninvasive alternative specimen for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) detection by RT‐PCR. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of water gargle samples for the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 using the ID NOW. Residual gargle samples were randomly selected among positive standard of care (SOC)‐nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) samples. For testing on ID NOW, the manufacturer's instructions were followed, except for the specimen addition step: 500 µl of the gargle specimen was added to the blue sample receiver with a pipette and gently mixed. Among the 202 positive samples by SOC‐NAAT, 185 were positive by ID NOW (positive percent agreement [PPA]) = 91.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 86.9−95.0). For the 17 discordant samples, cycle threshold (Ct) values were all ≥31.0. The PPA was significantly lower among asymptomatic patients (84.4%; 95% CI: 73.2−92.3) versus symptomatic patients (95.2%; 95% CI: 89.8−98.2). The performance of the ID NOW for the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection on gargle samples is excellent when Ct values are <31.0 and for patients that have COVID‐19 compatible symptoms.
Pandemic impact on higher education faculty self‐care, burnout, and compassion satisfaction
Authors: Velez‐Cruz Ramon J. , Holstun Vasti P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis correlational study examined the relationship between self‐care, burnout, compassion satisfaction, and secondary traumatic stress among higher education faculty members during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The results inform higher education faculty members about the effects of self‐care and suggest strategies to reduce burnout, compassion satisfaction and secondary traumatic stress.
Compassion‐supported development: A humanistic approach to counseling supervision
Authors: Hiatt Kenson 
Published: May 2022

AbstractResearch supports the positive implications of applying humanistic constructs such as empathy and compassion in counseling supervision. However, there is a clear lack of counseling supervision approaches that utilize compassion, specifically to facilitate the development of counselors‐in‐training. This article introduces a compassion‐supported developmental approach to supervision.
Structure, stability and antioxidant activity of dialdehyde starch grafted with epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin and epigallocatechin gallate
Authors: Yong Huimin , Hu Huixia , Wang Zhihao , Yun Dawei , Kan Juan , Liu Jun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDCatechins, a member of the flavonoids, exist widely in teas, and have health benefits. However, catechins have poor stability, which greatly limits their application. In order to improve the stability of catechins, different catechins including (−)‐epicatechin (EC), (−)‐epicatechin gallate (ECG), (−)‐epigallocatechin (EGC) and (−)‐epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) were conjugated onto dialdehyde starch by acid‐mediated coupling method. The structure, stability and antioxidant activity of dialdehyde starch–catechin conjugates were determined.RESULTSThin‐layer chromatography and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, fluorescence, nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectra revealed that catechins were successfully conjugated onto dialdehyde starch, coupling between 6−H/8−H of catechins’ A ring and dialdehyde starch's aldehyde groups. The conjugates presented an amorphous structure and sheet‐like and/or blocky morphologies. As compared to dialdehyde starch, the conjugates showed enhanced thermal stability. Furthermore, the stability of catechins in pH 7.4 phosphate‐buffered saline was improved after conjugating onto dialdehyde starch. The conjugates exhibited significantly higher antioxidant activities than dialdehyde starch, decreasing in the following order: dialdehyde starch–ECG, dialdehyde starch–EGCG, dialdehyde starch–EC, dialdehyde starch–EGC and dialdehyde starch.CONCLUSIONDialdehyde starch–catechin conjugates have great potential as stable antioxidant agents. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Pressure transmission theory—The Rasputin of incontinence
Authors: Petros PEP 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundEnhorning's pressure transmission theory (PTT), though mortally wounded by multiple invalidations from the 1990 Integral Theory of female urinary incontinence (IT), like Rasputin, continues to survive as a theory for continence and incontinence.AimTo examine the questions: How has the PTT survived? What is its contribution to knowledge?MethodsEleven different invalidations are presented based on images, pressure readings, clinical examples, experiments by the author, and others, for example, flow mechanics, finite element models, and surgical operations.ResultsEach of the 11 invalidations prima facie invalidate the PTTs of enhorning and others.Conclusions“How has the PTT survived?” Having provided a plausible explanation for all abdominal stress urinary incontinence operations since 100 years, PTT, unsurprisingly, like climate change today, had become an entrenched convention which abdicated the need for midurethral sling (MUS) surgeons to learn the very different functional surgical anatomy underlying the MUS. “Has the PTT progressed knowledge, or retarded it?” This lack of knowledge by the surgeons of how and why the MUS works could be held responsible for the large number of major complications reported by the TVT: including, transected urethras, obturator nerve damage, perforation of external iliac vessels, more than 20 deaths. The role of the sling is to strengthen the pubourethral neoligament to prevent the urethra opening out under stress, not to elevate it. Elevating the sling remains the major cause of the most frequent complication of the MUS today, postoperative urinary retention.
Generalization of anisotropic damage mechanics modeling in the material point method
Authors: Nairn John A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAnisotropic damage mechanics is derived by redefining its fourth‐ranked damage tensor, , not by its effect on stiffness reduction, but as a tensor that partitions total strain into bulk material strain and an cracking strain associated with crack‐opening displacement. This recharacterization of is irrelevant for 1D modeling, but significantly clarifies 3D algorithms. The new 3D derivation starts with three damage parameters associated with three independent strength models for three components of crack traction. By postulating a traction failure surface dependent on current damage state and requiring that all traction components simultaneously decay to zero at failure, the three damage parameters naturally couple to a single parameter. Many prior methods assume evolving strength depends only on damage. In real materials, strength often depends on other variables such as temperature, pressure, strain rate, and so forth. This article proposes a new general theory that extends prior methods to properly account for such external variables. The general damage mechanics methods must account for extra variables during damage initiation, damage evolution, and elastic loading and unloading. Several examples focus on the new concepts for coupling damage parameters and for using general methods to model materials with pressure‐dependent strength properties.
Tuning magnetorheological functional response of thermoplastic elastomers by varying soft‐magnetic nanofillers
Authors: Díez Ander García , Tubio Carmen Rial , Gómez Ainara , Berastegi Joanes , Bou‐Ali M. Mounir , Etxebarria Jon Gutiérrez , Lanceros‐Mendez Senentxu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMagnetorheological elastomers (MREs) are increasingly demanded based on their ability to modify their mechanical properties under an applied magnetic field, applications ranging from active control in industrial processes to biomedicine. Those materials are based on a polymer phase and magnetic fillers. This work reports on the evaluation of the effect of the magnetic filler characteristics on the physical–chemical and functional performance of MREs. Composites have been produced with 20 wt% concentration of six different magnetic fillers: CoFe2O4, Fe3O4, Co, Ni, and Ni80Fe17Mo3 (Permalloy) in a SEBS matrix. Elastic modulus increases from 0.7 MPa for the pristine polymer to a maximum value of 1.8 MPa for the sample with Fe3O4. The highest saturation magnetization being obtained for the composite containing magnetite, with 17.8 A m2 kg−1. The filler size, saturation magnetization and coercivity all have significant impact on the magnetorheological (MR) effect. The highest MR effect is achieved when using Fe3O4 nanoparticles (17%), followed by Co (16%), Ni (14%), CoFe2O4 (11%), and finally Permalloy (8%). For the Fe3O4@SEBS composite, the MR response is among the largest reported in the literature but with a much lower filler content (6 vol% versus more than 20 vol%), with a positive effect on processability and integration into devices.
Molecular Dynamics Predictions of Shock‐Induced Pore Collapse in (010)‐Oriented β‐HMX: Effects of Sample Thickness and Transverse Orientation, and Run‐To‐Run Variability among Statistically Equivalent Samples
Authors: Zhao Puhan , Perera Dilki , Sewell Tommy 
Published: May 2022

AbstractUsing shock‐induced quasi‐2D pore collapse in β‐HMX as a specific case study, we address three practical questions that arise when designing and interpreting molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of explicit shock wave propagation in crystals. How sensitive are the overall results to sample thickness perpendicular to the (quasi) plane of the problem? For impacts on a given crystal surface, how much does the transverse orientation of the sample matter? And, for a given sample size and orientation, how much run‐to‐run variability exists among results for independent but statistically equivalent realizations of the shock? The first and second questions are interrelated but pertain individually to assessing the roles of finite‐size and crystal anisotropy effects, respectively, on the simulated collapse mechanisms and associated local thermo‐mechanical states in the sample during and after collapse. The third addresses the confidence with which the results of individual simulations can be regarded as representative. All three questions become particularly important if the MD predictions are intended to serve as “ground truth” for validation of continuum mesoscale models. Here, quasi‐2D samples of (010)‐oriented single‐crystal β‐HMX (β‐1,3,5,7‐tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetrazocane) containing a cylindrical pore were subjected to reverse‐ballistic impacts, resulting in explicit, supported shock propagation initially along [010], for impact speeds
=1.0 and 0.5 km s−1. The individual samples differed in either the thickness perpendicular to the sample plane or the transverse crystal orientation normal to [010] in the quasi‐2D cell. Three independent realizations of the shock were performed for a selected case to assess run‐to‐run variability. Comparisons of qualitative features of the collapse, temperature and pressure distributions in the samples, and time scales for pore collapse suggest that there is little sensitivity to sample thickness for the same crystal orientation and moderate sensitivity to transverse crystal orientation for samples of the same thickness. Run‐to‐run variability is evident to the eye in side‐by‐side system observations. However, overall mechanisms of collapse, distributions for temperature and pressure in the samples, and time scales for collapse are in near‐quantitative agreement among the realizations.
A case of negative‐pressure pulmonary oedema after first‐time electroconvulsive therapy
Authors: Sekimoto Yasuhito , Suzuki Yoshifumi , Kanamori Koichiro , Kobayashi Isao , Ienaga Hiroki , Takahashi Kazuhisa 
Published: May 2022

AbstractElectroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been used for many years as an important treatment modality in patients with schizophrenia. Recently, many new oral medications have become available to treat schizophrenia. However, ECT remains a valuable therapy for patients who are resistant to oral medications. A 16‐year‐old girl with schizophrenia was admitted to our hospital with hypoxaemia due to negative‐pressure pulmonary oedema (NPPE) after her first ECT. NPPE is an exceedingly rare complication after ECT. However, it can result in serious morbidity if not immediately recognized and treated. This case illustrates the importance of recognizing this rare complication.
Delayed Gelation Kinetics of In‐Situ Polymerized Gel Based on the Mechanism of Living/Controlled Radical Polymerization
Authors: Shao Minglu , Gu Feng , Fu Lipei , Yue Xiangan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn previous work, cross‐linked water shut‐off polymerized gel emerged rapid gelation within hours, which limited the in‐depth migration of such gels. The concentration of active radicals generated by the thermal decomposition initiator cannot be controlled in the polymerization process, which is the fundamental reason for the fast gelation time. To delay the gelation time of in‐situ polymerized gel in the process of deep profile control, a novel initiation system was developed based on the simultaneous reverse and normal initiation (SR&NI) for atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The polymerization indicated features of living/controlled, such as linear first‐order kinetics, linear evolution of the molecular weight with conversion, and lower molecular weight distributions. As compared with the reported conventional initiator, the current initiation system can effectively delay the gelation time of the in‐situ polymerized gel by maintaining the concentration of active radicals at a low level. This pioneer work in the exploration of SR&NI ATRP initiation system to trigger hydrogel gelation offered the possibility to deploy in‐situ polymerized gel with delayed gelation for in‐depth conformance control.
Regulation of Hydroxyl Radicals Generated by Fe−N−C in Heterogeneous Electro‐Fenton Reaction for Degradation of Organic Pollutants
Authors: Tang Wujian , Ma Nannan , Fei Chuanqi , Wang Yinling 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMetal‐nitrogen‐carbon (M−N−C) materials display high catalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) but poor durability which is considered to be related to the hydroxyl radicals (⋅OH) generated in‐situ. With reverse thinking, we try to increase the ⋅OH for the degradation of organic pollutants. In this study, the Fe−N−C catalyst was prepared by pyrolyzing the composite of tannin‐Fe film modified carboxylic CNT (TA−Fe‐CNT) and ZIF‐8. The ⋅OH generated during the ORR process was regulated by catalyst composition, applied potential, catalyst loading and pH. Under the optimum conditions, the Fe−N−C‐200 could degrade 86 % of methylene blue (MB) and reach a TOC removal rate of 21.2 % after 5 h through the heterogeneous electro‐Fenton (HEF) system. Overall, this study not only finds new application for M−N−C materials but also provides some useful information for improving their durability in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) from the opposite perspective.
Chromone Scaffolds in the Treatment of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease: An Overview
Authors: Sharma Kamlesh 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNeurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) usually starts gradually and progressively worsens, and are recognized as one of the leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide. Presently, all the available drugs for AD and PD are only for symptomatic relief, and are not capable of preventing and curing the disease. Chromone is a privileged structure for designing of novel drug agents with pharmacological potential, specifically in the field of AD and PD. The present review is focused on the significance of chromones as novel drug agents for the treatment of AD and PD. Chromone based acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, monoamine oxidase B, β‐Secretase‐1, inhibitors are discussed. As AD belongs to one of the most complex and multifactorial disorders, therefore, the multi‐target drugs are urgently required. However, there has been a substantial research effort in designing multi‐target drug agents. Therefore, in this review, chromone based multi‐target inhibitors are also discussed. Furthermore, future directions for designing and developing potent chromone based drugs are reported.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Selected P‐Vinylbenzyls under Solvent‐Free Conditions
Authors: Nycz Jacek E. , Małecki Jan Grzegorz , Pajchel Łukasz , Ponikiewski Łukasz , Wiącek Małgorzata 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOne‐pot synthesis of selected P‐vinylbenzyls under solvent‐free conditions was elaborated on a multigram scale. Several techniques have been used to characterize properties of all new products: MS, HRMS, E.A., and multinuclear NMR in solution and solid‐state. The structure of 5,5‐dimethyl‐2‐(4‐vinylbenzyl)‐1,3,2‐dioxaphosphinane 2‐oxide (2 d) was determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction measurements rationalized based on DFT calculation. The X‐ray and NMR studies of 2 d indicate the appearance of an anomeric effect.
Imaging Metabolites in Agar‐Based Bacterial Co‐Cultures with Minimal Sample Preparation using a DIUTHAME Membrane in Surface‐Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry**
Authors: Müller Wendy H. , McCann Andréa , Arias Anthony Argüelles , Malherbe Cedric , Quinton Loïc , De Pauw Edwin , Eppe Gauthier 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhile the imaging of bacteria, directly on agar‐based media, has been reported in matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), such samples usually require laborious and time‐consuming preparation prior to analysis. Furthermore, the MALDI sample preparation may require desiccation, potentially causing sample deformation and/or degradation. Other issues may be associated with the use of a matrix in MALDI‐MSI. Here, we propose an alternative approach to image a co‐culture of Pseudomonas and Bacillus bacteria, grown on agar, in the positive and negative ionization modes, using surface‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (SALDI) MSI. A rapid and easy sample preparation was performed using a “desorption/ionization using through‐hole alumina membrane” (DIUTHAME) with a blotting method. The porous DIUTHAME membrane was used (1) for the transfer of the metabolites from the sample to the membrane, and (2) as assisting material in SALDI‐MSI. The advantages and limitations of this new sample preparation are discussed in this paper.
Mixed Ni2+Co2+ Transition Metal Nitroprusside: Determination of Its Electrochemical Behavior and Electrocatalytic Activity towards the Oxidation of Phenylhydrazine
Authors: Matos‐Peralta Yasser , Llanes Dayma , Cano Arely , Hernández Mayra P. , Bazán‐Bravo Leonardo , Justo Chao Mujica Frank , Felipe Desdín García Luis , Reguera Leslie , Antuch Manuel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCoordination polymers have received considerable attention in recent years as electrocatalytic materials for the construction of electrochemical sensors. This is due to their high sensitivity and selectivity towards the electrochemical detection of various molecules, particularly pollutants and metabolites, which commonly appear in low concentrations and in complex matrices. In this work, the construction of an electrochemical sensor was performed for the detection of phenylhydrazine, which is a strong pollutant, based on a mixed Ni2+ Co2+ transition metal nitroprusside (NiCoNP). NiCoNP was synthesized by chemical coprecipitation, and characterized using X‐ray diffraction, TGA, and IR and XPS spectroscopies. Its structural characterization indicates that the material was a solid solution, with a cubic
structure and a stoichiometry of Ni0.59Co0.41[Fe(CN)5NO] ⋅ 5H2O. The material showed quasi‐reversible electron transfer behavior associated to the charge transfer between the metallic centers of the nitroprusside and the concomitant intercalation of K+ ions within the crystal lattice. The sensor based on NiCoNP exhibited a high electrocatalytic activity for the electrooxidation of phenylhydrazine without kinetic limitations, and a wide large linear range (0.5–12 mM), high sensitivity (86.87 μA ⋅ cm−2/mM), and LOD of 266 μM. Such device showed a rapid and selective response towards phenylhydrazine. In conclusion, the NiCoNP under study showed a promising electrocatalytic activity for the development of electrochemical sensors.