bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on Healthcare Services Efficiency and its spatial-temporal differentiation characteristics in China from 2010 to 2020
Authors: Ye yizhong , Tao Qunshan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
In China, public health and medical care spending have significantly expanded over the past ten years, yet issues like inefficiency and injustice persist. It is crucial to figure out how to increase healthcare service efficiency if we are to improve the high-quality and effective medical and health services system and fulfill the inhabitants' increasingly diversified healthcare requirements.
Methods
Based on the panel data of China's medical resources in 2010–2020, we used SFA model to assess the effectiveness of healthcare services in 31 Chinese provinces. Kernel density estimation, spatial autocorrelation analysis, and Markov chains are used to examine the provinces' spatial-temporal features.
Results
In the efficiency assessment, although the efficiency of China's healthcare services has improved from 2010–2020, it is still at a medium level. Furthermore, inter-regional efficiency shows heterogeneous characteristics of high in the east and down in the west. In the spatial correlation, the spatial correlation between healthcare service efficiency is positive, and spatial agglomeration is dominated by homogeneous development, with a weakening tendency toward heterogeneous development. The type of healthcare services efficiency level is stable and difficult to transfer across provinces. After considering the spatial factor, although the basic pattern does not change, the type of neighborhood has a noticeable "near-neighbor effect" on the efficiency of local healthcare services.
Conclusions
(1) China's provinces should coordinate the regional allocation of high-quality medical and health resources following the level of regional economic development and the demand for medical services. (2) The government should fully use the spatial spillover effects between neighboring provinces to strengthen inter-regional cooperation and exchanges. (3) The top-ranked provinces should utilize their radiation-driven position to the fullest, and the provinces with lower healthcare service efficiency should take into account their development conditions and seek a balanced point of coordinated development between economic growth, resource allocation, and efficiency improvement.
Country parks as sites of emergency medical facilities A case of Covid-19 in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Li Shuai , Wu Zheng , tang jiefang , Wang Shuo , Wang Pengfei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
As COVID-19 has swept across the world, the escalating number of confirmed and suspected cases overwhelmed the admission capacity of the designated hospitals. Faced with such a grim situation, governments made a quick decision to build emergency medical facilities to address the outbreak, which was an important step toward controlling the growing epidemic and improving the recovery rate. However, the emergency medical facilities faced a huge risk of epidemic spread and improper site could lead to serious secondary transmission. Make use of the disaster prevention function of urban green space, the problems can be alleviated to a certain extent through the “combined with peacetime and epidemic period” design. Through comparison, it is found that country parks are highly compatible with the needs of emergency medical facilities in terms of site selection, scale, environment, infrastructure and coverage. Incorporate country parks into the emergency plan for urban public health emergencies, through early reasonable site selection and layout, pre-exploration and laying of pipe network, strengthen the sewage and garbage treatment system, reasonable planning of health function and other means, greatly improve the construction speed of emergency medical facilities in case of epidemic disaster, and reduce the harm of infectious diseases to the population and the environment.
Diagnosis and Treatment Value of Percutaneous Transthoracic Needle Lung Biopsy in Pulmonary Hamartoma：A Retrospective Study
Authors: Ye Sheng , Meng Shen , Zhao Cuicui , Yang Jin , Lei Wei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The preoperative diagnosis of pulmonary hamartoma (PH) is a challenge, especially in patients with atypical imaging features. This study was aimed at exploring the application value of percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (PTNB) in the diagnosis and treatment of PH.
Data and Methods:
Patients who were diagnosed with PH and had undergone PTNB from our hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Other cases were retrieved from the literature prior to December 2022 regarding the use of PTNB in patients with PH. Patients’ age, sex, imaging characteristics of chest CT, the diagnosis by PTNB, cytology features of biopsy specimen, complications and further treatment were analyzed.
Results
In this retrospective study, a total of 47 patients who were diagnosed as PH and had undergone PTNB were analyzed. 6 of the cases were patients from our hospital from 2008 to 2022. Others were collected from the literature. The mean diameter of PH lesions was 24.1mm (8-60mm). The diagnosis accuracy of PTNB was 70.2%. The complication rate was 19.1%, mainly pneumothorax. Fibro myxoid stroma and chondroid material accounted for 48.9% and 38.3%, respectively. 16 cases underwent surgery, and follow-up was available for all the 47 patients and no significant growth of the PH lesion or recurrent was occurred.
Conclusion
PTNB might be a useful tool to diagnose PH with a lower incidence of complications. The lesion could be managed conservatively and surgical procedures can be avoided.
BMI-1 activates hepatic stellate cells to promote EMT of colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Jiang Zhongyang , Ma Ximei , Luan Xiaohui , Liuyang Zhenyu , Hong Yiyang , Dai Yuan , Dong Qinghua , Wang Guanyu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractActivated hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs) are the major source of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the liver. Though the crosstalk between aHSCs and colorectal cancer (CRC) cells supports liver metastasis (LM), the mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated BMI-1, a polycomb-group protein family member, which is high-expressed in LM, in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation and interacting with CRC cells while promoting colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM). We found the positivity of BMI-1 expression in the liver of CRLM patients was 77.8%, and the expression level of BMI-1 continued to increase during CRLM in mice. We overexpressed BMI-1 in HSCs (LX2) by lentivirus infection, and HSCs were activated, accompanied by increased expression levels of α-SMA, Fibronectin, TGF-β1, MMPs, and IL-6. CRC cells (HCT116 and DLD1) were cultured in HSCs-conditioned medium (LX2 NC CM or LX2 BMI-1 CM), and CRC cells cultured in BMI-1 CM exhibited enhanced proliferation and migration ability, and EMT phenotype with activation of TGF-β/SMAD pathway. Besides, a TFG-βR inhibitor SB-505124 largely diminished the effect of the BMI-1 CM on Smad2/3 phosphorylation in CRC cells. A mouse subcutaneous xenotransplantation tumor model was established by co-implantation of HSCs (LX2 NC or LX2 BMI-1) and CRC cells, andBMI-1 overexpressed LX2 HSCs promoted tumor growth and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotypein vivo. In conclusion, BMI-1 activates HSCs to promote the EMT of CRC cells partially through the TGF-β/SMAD pathway. These findings demonstrate BMI-1 activated HSCs might be a new target in CRC therapy.
Evaluating the nonlinear population-economic growth nexus in MENA countries
Authors: BENGANA Ismail Mohamed , ADELEYE Bosede Ngozi , BOUKHELKHAL Abdelaziz Abdelkhader , OKAFOR Victoria ISIOMA , Alnefaie Abdulah HAMOUD , Salim Eltahir Ibrahim Elnour 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The relation between population growth and economic growth is a complex one, and the historical quantitative evidence is ambiguous. This study contributes to the population-economic growth literature by interrogating whether the relationship is monotonic or if a turning point exists. Using panel data on a sample of 19 MENA countries from 1965 to 2018 and deploying the PSCE and FGLS techniques, the results reveal inter alia: (1) a U-shaped relation exists; (2) unemployment and financial development are negative predictors of economic growth; and (3) trade and inflation rate are positive predictors. Policy recommendations are discussed.
The association of rod curvature with postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion for spinal stenosis
Authors: Han Lin , Ma Hongdao , Li Qisheng , Yuan Jincan , Yang Haisong , Qin Yuchen , Lu Xuhua 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Restoration of sagittal balance is a key issue in posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) surgery and adverse postoperative outcomes are associated with inadequate restoration of sagittal alignment. However, there is still a lack of solid evidence about the impact of the rod curvature on sagittal spinopelvic radiographic parameters and clinical outcomes.
Method
A retrospective clinical study was conducted to compare patient characteristics between lumbar spinal stenosis patients who underwent PLIF with satisfactory postoperative results and those who had poor recovery resulted from adjacent segment degeneration after PLIF and needed revision surgery (i.e. Normal and Abnormal Groups). Patient demographics (age, gender, height, weight and BMI), surgical characteristics (number of fused levels, surgical time, blood loss and hospital stay) and radiographic parameters (lumbar lordosis [LL], sacral slope [SS], pelvic incidence [PI], pelvic tilt [PT], PI-LL, Cobb angle of fused segments [Cobb], rod curvature [RC], Posterior tangent angle of fused segments [PTA] and RC-PTA) were analyzed.
Results
Patients in the abnormal group had older median age and suffered more blood loss than those in the normal group. RC and RC-PTA were significantly lower in the abnormal group compared to the normal group. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that lower age and lower PTA were related to higher odds of better surgical outcomes. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the RC classifier was a good predictor of postoperative outcomes.
Conclusions
The study revealed significant differences in age, blood loss, RC and RC-PTA between normal and abnormal groups, and RC was demonstrated to be a pretty good indicator for predicting postoperative outcomes.
The Impact of Semi-upright Position on Severity of Sleep Disordered Breathing in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A two-arm, prospective, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lukachan Gincy Ann , Yadollahi Azadeh , Auckley Dennis , Gavrilovic Bojan , Matelski John , Chung Frances , Singh Mandeep 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The severity of sleep-disordered breathing is known to worsen postoperatively and is associated with increased cardio-pulmonary complications and increased resource implications. In the general population, the semi-upright position has been used in the management of OSA. We hypothesized that the use of a semi-upright position versus a non-elevated position will reduce postoperative worsening of OSA in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgeries
Methods
This study was conducted as a prospective randomized controlled trial of perioperative patients, undergoing elective non-cardiac inpatient surgeries. Patients underwent a preoperative sleep study using a portable polysomnography device. Patients with OSA (apnea hypopnea index (AHI) >5 events/hr), underwent a sleep study on postoperative night 2 (N2) after being randomized into an intervention group (Group I): semi-upright position (30 to 45 degrees incline), or a control group (Group C) (zero degrees from horizontal). The primary outcome was postoperative AHI on N2. The secondary outcomes were obstructive apnea index (OAI), central apnea index (CAI), hypopnea index (HI), obstructive apnea hypopnea index (OAHI) and oxygenation parameters.
Results: Thirty-five patients were included. Twenty-one patients were assigned to the Group 1 (females-14 (67%); mean age 65±12) while there were fourteen patients in the Group C (females-5 (36%); mean age 63±10). The semi-upright position resulted in a significant reduction in OAI in the intervention arm (Group C vs Group I postop AHI: 16.6 ± 19.0 vs 8.6 ± 11.2 events/hr; overall p = 0.01), but there were no significant differences in the overall AHI or other parameters between the two groups. Subgroup analysis of patients with “supine related OSA” revealed a decreasing trend in postoperative AHI with semi-upright position, but the sample size was too small to evaluate statistical significance.
Conclusion: In patients with newly diagnosed OSA, the semi-upright position resulted in improvement in obstructive apneas, but not the overall AHI.
Study registration
This trial was retrospectively registered in clinicaltrials.gov NCT02152202 on 02/06/2014.
Scraping Effect of Dam-overtopping Debris Flow—A Case Study of Chutou Gully '8.20' in Miansi Town, Wenchuan County
Authors: Huang Chen , Hu Qijun , Zhang Youyi , Li Mingyang , Ye Xiaobing 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Upon the May 12 earthquake in Wenchuan, a series of disaster prevention and mitigation projects were built, including a check dam. Generally, when massive debris flow occurs, the debris flow will overtop the dam and flow into the downstream channel. At present, there are few investigations on the effect of the check dam itself on debris flow erosion and scraping after engineering treatment. In this paper, the "8.20" debris flow in Chutou gully is taken as the research object, and the erosion-migration mode upon the debris flow overtopping the dam is studied by combining field investigation, theoretical analysis, and indoor model test to obtain the quantitative evaluation model of erosion scraping depth and scraping volume. The study results showed that once the debris flow overtops the dam, the loose source carried by the channel is involved in the entire migration process, enlarging the fluid's scale and intensifying the damage along the channel. The results agree with the actual measurements and observations, and the maximum relative errors are 3.34% and 14.70%, respectively, representing the model's validity. At the same time, the test results show that the debris flow scarping phenomenon in γ=[1.4 t/m3, 1.6 t/m3] interval is the most significant. This work will help improve the future engineering and design strategy and find the best design to minimize the risk of debris flow disaster in dam tipping.
Contamination-Related Characteristics of Covid-19: A Household Survey
Authors: Erik HanifeEce , Özaltun Şahin Can , Atılmış Duygu , Dizman Lect. GülçinTelli , Karahan Gizem , Önder İlke Toker , Alp Alpaslan , Akın Levent 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Household transmission studies are suitable setting to examine determinants of disease by controlling many environmental variables. This study is a prospective, case-based study evaluating the household transmission and possible risk factors on the demographical, clinical, and behavioral characteristics of individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 and households.
Material – Method
Between 1 August 2021 and 1 February 2022, individuals who were RT-PCR positive and their household members were invited to the study. The standard protocol of the World Health Organization evaluating household transmission was used in the study. Swab samples were taken from contact individuals at the first and second visits and RT-PCR test was performed. A questionnaire form was applied to the individuals via telephone. Secondary attack rate (SAR) was calculated to assess household transmission. Descriptive analyzes and Logistic Regression analyses were used in the study.
Results
42 index cases and 112 contacts were involved in the study. 42.9% of index cases and 53.6% of contacts were women. The median age of index cases was 40.5 and contacts’ was 34.5 years. Secondary attack rate in the study was 25%. Contacts without symptoms of the index case (OR: 0.117, 95% CI 0.018-0.077), contacts with five or more people in the household (OR: 5.535, 95% CI 1.585-19.325), spouse or child of the index case (OR: 3.532, 95 %CI 1.066-11.710) have a higher risk of infection.
Discussion
Being spouse or child of index case, living in a crowded house and asymptomatic index case were risk factors of contagion. There could be increased risk due to close contact between index case and child or spouse. Living in crowded house was seen as the most important risk factor for infection transmission. Especially the restriction measures applied regarding staying at home may cause an increase in contagion in crowded and poorly ventilated houses. In order to prevent contagion, such measures as the use of masks in the house, frequent ventilation of the house, not eating in the same environment during the quarantine period should be shared with the public and policies should be developed in this direction.
Low charge noise quantum dots with industrial CMOS manufacturing
Authors: Elsayed Asser , Shehata Mohamed Mohamed Elkordy , Godfrin Clement , Kubicek Stefan , Massar Shana , Canvel Yann , Jussot Julien , Simion George , Mongillo Massimo , Wan Danny , Govoreanu Bogdan , Radu Iuliana P. , Li Ruoyu , Dorpe Pol Van , de Greve Kristiaan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Silicon spin qubits are among the most promising candidates for large scale quantum computers, due to their excellent coherence and compatibility with CMOS technology for upscaling. Advanced industrial CMOS process flows allow wafer-scale uniformity and high device yield, but off the shelf transistor processes cannot be directly transferred to qubit structures due to the different designs and operation conditions. To therefore leverage the know-how of the micro-electronics industry, we customize a 300mm wafer fabrication line for silicon MOS qubit integration. With careful optimization and engineering of the MOS gate stack, we report stable and uniform quantum dot operation at the Si/SiOx interface at milli-Kelvin temperature. We extract the charge noise in different devices and under various operation conditions, demonstrating a record-low average noise level of 0.61 μeV/√Hz at 1 Hz and even below 0.1 μeV/√Hz for some devices and operating conditions. By statistical analysis of the charge noise with different operation and device parameters, we show that the noise source can indeed be well described by a two-level fluctuator model. This reproducible low noise level, in combination with uniform operation of our quantum dots, marks CMOS manufactured MOS spin qubits as a mature and highly scalable platform for high fidelity qubits.
Identification of flavonol synthase gene from M. pinnata and its functional elucidation using cowpea genome
Authors: Kumari Garima , Nigam Vinod Kumar , Pandey Dev Mani 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Flavonoids are a class of key polyphenolic secondary metabolites having various roles in plants, like in growth and development, stress defense, and reproduction. Dihydroflavonols are converted into flavonols by flavonol synthase (FLS) and this enzyme belongs to the 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases (ODD) superfamily. Millettia pinnata is important medicinal plant possessing various phytoconstituents involved in the treatment of various diseases. The FLS is involved in the synthesis of a natural flavonol 3,4′,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone i.e., kaempferol. However, detailed information about FLS gene sequence and its characterization in M. pinnata is not available.
Methods
In the current investigation the full-length cDNA sequences of the FLS gene (MpFLS) was deduced by isolating RNA from M. pinnata leaf, cDNA prearaion, PCR based amplification, sequencing followed by sequence analysis.
Results
The full-length cDNA of MpFLS containing 952-bp open reading frame and encoding 310-amino-acid protein has been elucidated, and submitted to NCBI with accession number OM469017. Bioinformatics analysis of MpFLS protein showed 85% similarities with VuFLS (Vigna unguilata). Also, BLAST analysis of M. pinnata sequence exhibited maximum similarity with V. unguilata. Therefore, to find the possible functional characteristics of MpFLS, the genome wide investigation of this gene was performed in cowpea (V. unguilata) genome using Phytozome v13 database. Total 17 full length non-redundant VuFLSgenes were identified in V. unguilata. These genes and the corresponding proteins were examined for their physicochemical characteristics, chromosomal location, domain and motif architecture, and phylogeny. Phylogenetic and motif analysis revealed that all the proteins had the 2OG-FeII Oxy domain. The functional annotation analysis revealed their involvement in various biological processes and molecular processes. The majority of the genes at the subcellular level are found in the cytoplasm, followed by the nucleus.
Conclusions
Our research study provides information about FLS gene sequence in M. pinnata and its detailed characterization. Our result also revealed that MpFLSshows similarity in functional characteristics with VuFLS.
Multivalent Human Cytomegalovirus Glycoprotein B Nucleoside-Modified mRNA Vaccines Demonstrate a Greater Breadth in T cell but not Antibody Responses
Authors: Permar Sallie , Wang Hsuan-Yuan , Li Leike , Nelson Cody , Barfield Richard , Valencia Sarah , Chan Cliburn , Muramatsu Hiromi , Lin Paulo , Pardi Norbert , An Zhiqiang , Weissman Drew 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) remains the most common congenital infection and infectious complication in immunocompromised patients. The most successful HCMV vaccine to-date, an HCMV glycoprotein B (gB) subunit vaccine adjuvanted with MF59, achieved 50% efficacy against primary HCMV infection. A previous study demonstrated that gB/MF59 vaccinees were less frequently infected with HCMV gB genotype strains most similar to the vaccine strain than strains encoding genetically distinct gB genotypes, suggesting strain-specific immunity accounted for the limited efficacy. To determine whether vaccination with multiple HCMV gB genotypes could increase the breadth of anti-HCMV gB humoral and cellular responses, we immunized 18 female rabbits with monovalent (gB-1), bivalent (gB-1+gB-3), or pentavalent (gB-1+gB-2+gB-3+gB-4+gB-5) gB lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated nucleoside-modified RNA (mRNA-LNP) vaccines. The multivalent vaccine groups did not demonstrate higher magnitude or breadth of the IgG response to the gB ectodomain or cell-associated gB compared to that of monovalent vaccine. Also, the multivalent vaccines did not show an increase in the breadth of neutralization activity and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis against HCMV strains encoding distinct gB genotypes. Yet, peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived T cell responses elicited by multivalent vaccines were of a higher magnitude compared to that of monovalent vaccinated animals against a vaccine-mismatched gB genotype at peak immunogenicity. Our data suggests that inclusion of multivalent gB antigens is beneficial to increase the magnitude of T cell response but not an effective strategy to increase the breadth of anti-HCMV gB antibody responses. Further studies are required to validate whether the multivalent gB mRNA vaccines could effectively increase the T cell response breadth.