bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improve the growth and drought tolerance of Cinnamomum migao by enhancing physio‐biochemical responses
Authors: Yan Qiuxiao , Li Xiangying , Xiao Xuefeng , Chen Jingzhong , Liu Jiming , Lin Changhu , Guan Ruiting , Wang Daoping 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDrought is the main limiting factor for plant growth in karst areas with a fragile ecological environment. Cinnamomum migao H.W. Li is an endemic medicinal woody plant present in the karst areas of southwestern China, and it is endangered due to poor drought tolerance. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are known to enhance the drought tolerance of plants. However, few studies have examined the contribution of AMF in improving the drought tolerance of C. migao seedlings. Therefore, we conducted a series of experiments to determine whether a single inoculation and coinoculation of AMF (Claroideoglomus lamellosum and Claroideoglomus etunicatum) enhanced the drought tolerance of C. migao. Furthermore, we compared the effects of single inoculation and coinoculation with different inoculum sizes (20, 40, 60, and 100 g; four replicates per treatment) on mycorrhizal colonization rate, plant growth, photosynthetic parameters, antioxidant enzyme activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) and osmoregulatory substance contents. The results showed that compared with nonmycorrhizal plants, AMF colonization significantly improved plant growing status; net photosynthetic rate; superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase activities; and soluble sugar, soluble protein, and proline contents. Furthermore, AMF colonization increased relative water content and reduced MDA content in cells. These combined cumulative effects of AMF symbiosis ultimately enhanced the drought tolerance of seedlings and were closely related to the inoculum size. With an increase in inoculum size, the growth rate and drought tolerance of plants first increased and then decreased. The damage caused by drought stress could be reduced by inoculating 40–60 g of AMF, and the effect of coinoculation was significantly better than that of single inoculation at 60 g of AMF, while the effect was opposite at 40 g of AMF. Additionally, the interaction between AMF and inoculum sizes had a significant effect on drought tolerance. In conclusion, the inoculation of the AMF (Cl. lamellosum and Cl. etunicatum) improved photosynthesis, activated antioxidant enzymes, regulated cell osmotic state, and enhanced the drought tolerance of C. migao, enabling its growth in fragile ecological environments.
Digital health in older adults for the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases and frailty. A clinical consensus statement from the ESC Council for Cardiology Practice/Taskforce on Geriatric Cardiology, the ESC Digital Health Committee and the ESC Working Group on e‐Cardiology
Authors: Guasti Luigina , Dilaveris Polychronis , Mamas Mamas A. , Richter Dimitrios , Christodorescu Ruxandra , Lumens Joost , Schuuring Mark J. , Carugo Stefano , Afilalo Jonathan , Ferrini Marc , Asteggiano Riccardo , Cowie Martin R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDigital health technology is receiving increasing attention in cardiology. The rise of accessibility of digital health tools including wearable technologies and smart phone applications used in medical practice has created a new era in healthcare. The coronavirus pandemic has provided a new impetus for changes in delivering medical assistance across the world. This Consensus document discusses the potential implementation of digital health technology in older adults, suggesting a practical approach to general cardiologists working in an ambulatory outpatient clinic, highlighting the potential benefit and challenges of digital health in older patients with, or at risk of, cardiovascular disease. Advancing age may lead to a progressive loss of independence, to frailty, and to increasing degrees of disability. In geriatric cardiology, digital health technology may serve as an additional tool both in cardiovascular prevention and treatment that may help by (i) supporting self‐caring patients with cardiovascular disease to maintain their independence and improve the management of their cardiovascular disease and (ii) improving the prevention, detection, and management of frailty and supporting collaboration with caregivers. Digital health technology has the potential to be useful for every field of cardiology, but notably in an office‐based setting with frequent contact with ambulatory older adults who may be pre‐frail or frail but who are still able to live at home. Cardiologists and other healthcare professionals should increase their digital health skills and learn how best to apply and integrate new technologies into daily practice and how to engage older people and their caregivers in a tailored programme of care.
Carbothiolation of Styrenes by Visible‐Light‐Induced Thiyl Radicals: C3‐Functionalization of Benzofuran‐2(3H)‐ones
Authors: Xi Dailin , Lu Cong , Jing Dong , Zheng Ke 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThiyl radicals by far have taken part in manifold natural processes with regard to biochemistry. Utilizing their capability of reversibly adding onto carbon‐carbon double bond may be able to create valuable transformations. Herein, we report a novel thiyl radical precursor that can release sulfur‐centered radical by irradiation of visible light under mild conditions (without metals, photocatalysts, and other additives). A series of sulfur‐containing 3,3‐disubstituted benzofuran‐2(3H)‐ones were obtained with good functional group tolerance by thiol‐ene addition of styrenes with thiyl radicals. Mechanistic study confirmed the proposed process driven by EDA (Electron Donor‐Acceptor) complex.
Green Oxidation of Indoles Using Molecular Oxygen over a Copper Nitride Nanocube Catalyst
Authors: Xu Hang , Yamaguchi Sho , Mitsudome Takato , Mizugaki Tomoo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOxidative transformation of indoles is a promising approach for synthesizing valuable nitrogen‐containing compounds; however, conventional methods use toxic oxidants and additives. Herein, we report for the first time the catalytic oxidative trimerization and the oxygenative cleavage (Witkop oxidation) of indoles using molecular oxygen under additive‐free conditions accomplished by a copper nitride nanocube (Cu3N NC) catalyst. The Cu3N NC catalyst exhibits excellent activity to produce various indolin‐3‐ones and 2‐ketoanilides with high functional group tolerance. Owing to this excellent catalytic performance, the Cu3N NC catalyst is distinguished from the conventional copper catalysts, demonstrating the high catalytic potential of metal nitride in organic synthesis.
Petrology and geochemistry of the Batchingou anorthositic suite rocks (Bana volcano‐plutonic complex, Cameroon Volcanic Line): Inference on their origin and relation with host granites
Authors: Ziada Tabengo Morel , Tassongwa Bernard , Tamen Jules , Nkoumbou Charles , Njanko Théophile , Asaah Asobo Nkengmatia Elvis , Tedonkenfack Sylvin Sans Terre , Wouatong Armand Sylvain Ludovic 
Published: July 2022

This study focusses on field mapping, petrographic description, and geochemical analyses of the Batchingou anorthositic suite rocks (Bana Plutono‐volcanic Anorogenic Complex, Cameroon Volcanic Line). This suite consists of gabbroic (gabbro, gabbronorite, norite, and anorthosite) and charnockitic (mangerite, jotunite, enderbite, and monzogranite) rocks and intrude Ypresian granites (51 ± 1 Ma), within an elliptically shaped corridor of 1200 × 600 m2. Gabbroic rocks evolved by crystal fractionation of olivine, hypersthene, augite, plagioclase, and ilmenite following the path: gabbro → gabbronorite → norite → anorthosite. There is little or no crustal assimilation in this suite, contrarily to the charnockitic suite which likely evolved from a jotunite melt by assimilation of the Pan‐African granito‐gneissic basement rocks. Anorthosite has high Eu/Eu* (2.04–2.66), typical of anorthosites formed as cumulates. The La/Ta ratios (9.75–20.1 in gabbro, 21–45 in anorthosite and 23–76 charnockitic rocks), La/YbN (4.2–19.5), Nb/U (22–90), and Nb/Th (5–23) suggest that the parental magma of the Batchingou anorthositic suite rocks is an alkaline basaltic melt deriving from a garnet‐bearing asthenospheric mantle, but was variably modified during ascent by lithospheric spinel lherzolites and crustal rocks. The Batchingou gabbro has characteristics of evolved tholeiites and match the composition of the Laramie high‐Al gabbro, whereas jotunite shows compositional affinity to ferrodiorites from Proterozoic anorthosite complexes. The gabbro Ni (19–39 ppm) and Cu (44–118 ppm) contents are low, indicating that their parental melt is not primitive. The Batchingou anorthositic suite differentiated from a different magma batch postdating the host granitoids and is similar to the anorthosite dykes of the Mboutou ring complex (Cameroon) and most of the ring complexes of the Aïr Province (Niger).
Vitamin D prescribing practices among clinical practitioners during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Jude Edward B. , Tentolouris Nikolaos , Rastogi Ashu , Yap Moi H. , Pedrosa Hermelinda C. , Ling Stephanie F. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsCOVID‐19 has caused devastation globally. Low vitamin D status, particularly during the winter months, remains commonplace around the world, and it is thought to be one of the contributing factors toward causation and severity of COVID‐19. Many guidelines do not recommend vitamin D for the treatment or prevention of the disease. Hence, we set out to conduct a global survey to understand the use and prescribing habits of vitamin D among clinicians for COVID‐19.MethodsAn online anonymous questionnaire was sent to clinicians enquiring about their prescribing habits of vitamin D and personal use of vitamin D. Data of the survey were collected between January 15, 2021, and February 13, 2021.ResultsFour thousand four hundred forty practicing clinicians were included in the analysis, with the majority of those responding from Asia, followed by Europe. 82.9% prescribed vitamin D before COVID‐19, more commonly among general practitioners (GPs) in comparison with medical specialists, and Asian clinicians were more likely to prescribe vitamin D in comparison with Caucasian physicians (p < 0.01). GPs were also more likely to prescribe vitamin D prophylactically to prevent COVID‐19 in comparison with medical specialists (OR 1.47,p < 0.01). Most GPs (72.8%) would also prescribe vitamin D to treat COVID‐19 in comparison with medical specialists (OR 1.81,p < 0.01), as well as more Asian in comparison with Caucasian physicians (OR 4.57,p < 0.01). 80.4% of respondents were taking vitamin D, more so in the 45–54 and 65–74 age groups in comparison with the 18–24 years category (OR 2.15 and 2.40, respectively, bothp < 0.05), many of whom did so before COVID‐19 (72.1%).ConclusionThis survey has shown that many clinicians would prescribe vitamin D for the prevention and treatment of COVID‐19. The majority would also recommend measuring vitamin D levels, but not so in patients with COVID‐19.
Comparing VIP and PD‐L1 expression as cancer biomarkers
Authors: Liu Jojo Y. , Zhang Hanwen , Ravindranathan Sruthi , Owonikoko Taofeek K. , El‐Rayes Bassel F. , Liu Yuan , Waller Edmund K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractImmune checkpoint molecules are critical targets of cancer therapies due to their ability to modulate immune responses to cancer. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) has been proposed as an immune checkpoint molecule, but its predictive and prognostic values have not been established. We evaluated expression levels of VIP and programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) across different cancer types and identified specific cancer histologies in which the expression of these markers is elevated. We conducted systematic analyses of the prognostic and predictive values of VIP and PD‐L1 in various cancers using publicly available patient databases and analysis tools including the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, PrognoScan, Protein Atlas, cBioportal, and Timer2.0. We also assessed the relationship of PD‐L1 and VIP expression levels with survival and the frequencies of tumor‐infiltrating immune cells in various cancers. We observed a negative correlation between PD‐L1 and VIP expression across cancer types, suggesting the functional redundancy of VIP and PD‐L1 immunosuppressive pathways as mechanisms of immune escape. High expression levels of VIP and the association of VIP expression with immune cell infiltrates in the pancreatic adenocarcinoma tumor microenvironment suggest that VIP may be a predictive biomarker for treating pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients with drugs that inhibit the VIP signaling pathway.
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Authors: Li Huilin , Chen Chong , Hu Hangyu , Li Yu , Shen Zhitao , Li Fumin , Liu Ying , Liu Rong , Chen Junwei , Dong Chao , Mabrouk Sally , Bobba Raja Sekhar , Baniya Abiral , Wang Mingtai , Qiao Quinn 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn the image, there are some engineers repairing the perovskite to absorb the proper light to generate lighting, which represents that the efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is enhanced by using some strategies. Meanwhile, several defenders are around the perovskite against the severe environments, such as moist, high temperature and hard light, in order to improve the stability of PSCs. In a word, authors (DOI: 10.1002/inf2.12322) use this way to express the main idea of our paper that develops the high‐performance PSCs.
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Contribution of organokines in the development of NAFLD/NASH associated hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Vachher Meenakshi , Bansal Savita , Kumar Bhupender , Yadav Sandeep , Arora Taruna , Wali Nalini Moza , Burman Archana 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGlobally the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is on an upsurge. Evidence is accumulating that liver disorders like nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its more progressive form nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are associated with increased risk of developing HCC. NAFLD has a prevalence of about 25% and 50%–90% in obese population. With the growing burden of obesity epidemic worldwide, HCC presents a major healthcare burden. While cirrhosis is one of the major risk factors of HCC, available literature suggests that NAFLD/NASH associated HCC also develops in minimum or noncirrhotic livers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand the pathogenesis and risk factors associated with NAFLD and NASH related HCC that would help in early diagnosis and favorable prognosis of HCC secondary to NAFLD. Adipokines, hepatokines and myokines are factors secreted by adipocytes, hepatocytes and myocytes, respectively, playing essential roles in cellular homeostasis, energy balance and metabolism with autocrine, paracrine and endocrine effects. In this review, we endeavor to focus on the role of these organokines in the pathogenesis of NAFLD/NASH and its progression to HCC to augment the understanding of the factors stimulating hepatocytes to acquire a malignant phenotype. This shall aid in the development of novel therapeutic strategies and tools for early diagnosis of NAFLD/NASH and HCC.
Improvement of color stability using a chelating agent in model soft beverages subjected to Fenton reaction
Authors: Gérard Violaine , Ay Emel , Launay Valentin , Galopin Christophe , Morlet‐Savary Fabrice , Lalevée Jacques 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe colorants found in beverages are sensitive to degradation resulting in a loss of color, which can affect the perception of the product quality by the consumer. The Fenton reaction is one of the possible degradation pathways. The Fenton oxidation process is a catalytic reaction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with ferrous ions (Fe2+) that generates hydroxyl radicals able to degrade the organic molecules present in the solution. In this work, the effect of the Fenton reaction in colored model soft beverages was studied using UV–visible spectrometry. The naphtol blue black was selected as a benchmark dye because it can be easily followed to probe the Fenton process. The percent degradation of this synthetic dye in an aqueous solution at pH = 3.4, simulating conditions in beverages, was monitored in the presence of FeSO4 and H2O2. Other pHs (pH = 2.7, 6.1, and 10) were also tested to obtain a full picture of the phenomenon. In an attempt to prevent the dye degradation by the Fenton reaction occurring in beverages, the effect of the addition of EDTA, a chelating metal agent able to form complexes with iron ions, was evaluated, as a model. The effect of the EDTA concentration and the influence of the pH were also explored.
Value of DNA testing in the diagnosis of sickle‐cell anemia in childhood in an environment with a high prevalence of other causes of anemia
Authors: Mbayabo Gloire , Lumbala Kabuyi Paul , Ngole Mamy , Lumaka Aimé , Race Valerie , Maisin Diane , Gruson Damien , Matthijs Gert , Minga Tite Mikobi , Devriendt Koenraad , Van Geet Chris , Tshilobo Prosper Lukusa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundSickle‐cell anemia (SCA) is the most common genetic disease worldwide caused by a single mutation in the gene HBB. DNA testing can help to clarify the diagnosis when Hb electrophoresis is inconclusive. We evaluated the usefulness and feasibility of DNA‐based diagnosis of SCA in rural Central Africa.MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional study conducted from November 2016 to end October 2017 in the Hôpital Saint Luc de Kisantu, located 120 km from Kinshasa. This hospital offers the management of SCA patients, mainly identified using the Sickling test (Emmel test) combined with clinical features. We included patients aged 6 months to 18 years locally diagnosed as SCA, and we collected clinical and hematological data. All patients were offered Hb electrophoresis and DNA testing at the Center for Human Genetics of the University of Kinshasa.ResultsThis study included 160 patients. Hemoglobin capillary electrophoresis suggested that 136 (85%) were homozygote SS, 13 (8.1%) were heterozygote (AS), and 11 (6.9%) were homozygote normal (AA). DNA testing confirmed these electrophoresis findings, with the exception of four patients, two AS in electrophoresis were found SS due to recent transfusion, and two SS in electrophoresis were found AS because they have compound heterozygous form S/β°‐thalassemia. The diagnosis of SCA was therefore wrongly ascertained with Emmel test in 15% of patients.ConclusionThis study reveals a high proportion of false‐positive SCA diagnoses in a rural environment in Central Africa. This underlines the importance of DNA testing in conjunction with Hb electrophoresis.
Commentaries on “Scale use and abuse: Toward best practices in the deployment of scales”
Authors: Katsikeas Constantine S. , Madan Shilpa , Brendl C. Miguel , Calder Bobby J. , Lehmann Donald R. , Baumgartner Hans , Weijters Bert , Wang Mo , Huang Chengquan , Huber Joel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFive comments below provide strong and interesting perspectives on multi‐item scale use. They define contexts and research areas where developed scales are valuable and where they are vulnerable. Katsikeas and Madan begin by taking a global perspective on scale use, demonstrating how the use and transferability of scales become even more problematic as researchers move across languages and cultures. They provide guidance for scale use that is particularly relevant to international marketing and marketing strategy research. Brendl and Calder acknowledge the use of well‐formed scales as measured variables in psychological experiments, both as independent and dependent variables, but critique the use of multi‐item scales to directly reveal latent unobservable constructs. As with any observed variable, scales should be used to test empirical predictions based on theoretical hypotheses about causal connections between theoretical constructs. Lehmann applauds the variability of multi‐item scales and urges the exploration of the impact of various items within a scale. He advocates for flexibility and variation in multi‐item scales related to psychological theories, simple three‐item scales for manipulation checks, and one‐item scales when measuring objective actions or beliefs. Baumgartner and Weijters focus on how to validate multi‐item scales, particularly when used as mediators or moderators where a unique interpretation of the scale is so central. They recommend meta‐analyses of scales that test relationships among measured scales. Like Lehmann, they worry about the impact of exhaustive scales on respondents and the impact of exhausted respondents on the scales themselves. In the final comment, Wang and Huang update our thinking on emerging ways to define and refine scales. They discuss ways to identify focal and orbital constructs and suggest item response theory as a way to adapt scales to subsets of items that best contribute to identifying individual differences between respondents. They support confirmatory factor analysis across different studies to assess scale equivalence across different contexts, cultures, and languages.
Influence of oestrogen on satellite cells and myonuclear domain size in skeletal muscles following resistance exercise
Authors: Hung Yung‐Li , Sato Ayami , Takino Yuka , Ishigami Akihito , Machida Shuichi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundOestrogen deficiency reduces skeletal muscle mass and force generation in postmenopausal women. Muscle mass is maintained by satellite cells, which are regulated by oestrogen. Although oestrogen therapy enhances muscle hypertrophy induced by resistance training in postmenopausal women, the molecular mechanism is unclear.MethodsAdult female rats (10 weeks old) were divided into six groups: sham sedentary (Sham‐Sed), sham climbing training (Sham‐CT), ovariectomy sedentary (OVX‐Sed), ovariectomy climbing training (OVX‐CT), ovariectomy plus oestrogen treatment sedentary (OVX+E‐Sed), and ovariectomy plus oestrogen treatment climbing training (OVX+E‐CT). At 8 weeks after ovariectomy, rats in the training group were trained (one session every 3 days for 8 weeks) to climb a ladder while bearing a load. Oestrogen treatment involved subcutaneous insertion of a 17β‐oestradiol pellet. After 8 weeks, the flexor hallucis longus muscle was collected and analysed.ResultsFollowing climbing training, the flexor hallucis longus muscle mass and muscle‐to‐body weight ratios were dramatically increased by training (main effect of training, P < 0.01); the OVX+E‐CT group showed the highest values (main effect of group, P < 0.01). The cross‐sectional area of all muscle fibre types was increased by training (main effect of training, P < 0.01). Particularly, the cross‐sectional area of MHC IIa in the OVX+E‐CT group was significantly larger than that in the Sham‐CT and OVX‐CT groups. Satellite cell numbers were increased in all training groups (main effect of training, P < 0.05), and the myonuclear number was increased by training (main effect of training, P < 0.01), but there was no main group effect. The myonuclear domain size of all muscle fibre types and MHC IIa was increased in all training groups (main effect of training, P < 0.01) and showed a main group effect (P < 0.01). The myonuclear domain sizes of all muscle fibre types and MHC IIa in the OVX+E‐CT group were significantly larger than those in the Sham‐CT and OVX‐CT groups. The total RNA contents revealed main effects of training and the group (P < 0.01); the OVX+E‐CT group showed the highest contents (main effect of group, P < 0.01). The mRNA and protein levels of rpS6 were increased in the OVX+E‐Sed and CT groups (main effects of group, P < 0.05). Particularly, the 28S ribosomal RNA content in OVX+E‐Sed group was significantly higher than that in the OVX‐Sed group.ConclusionsOestrogen enhanced the resistance training‐induced increase in myonuclear domain size but did not affect satellite cells and ribosome biogenesis.