bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urbanization comprehensively impairs biological rhythms in coral holobionts
Authors: Rosenberg Yaeli , Simon‐Blecher Noa , Lalzar Maya , Yam Ruth , Shemesh Aldo , Alon Shahar , Perna Gabriela , Cárdenas Anny , Voolstra Christian R. , Miller David J. , Levy Oren 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCoral reefs are in global decline due to climate change and anthropogenic influences (Hughes et al., Conservation Biology, 27: 261–269, 2013). Near coastal cities or other densely populated areas, coral reefs face a range of additional challenges. While considerable progress has been made in understanding coral responses to acute individual stressors (Dominoni et al., Nature Ecology & Evolution, 4: 502–511, 2020), the impacts of chronic exposure to varying combinations of sensory pollutants are largely unknown. To investigate the impacts of urban proximity on corals, we conducted a year‐long in‐natura study—incorporating sampling at diel, monthly, and seasonal time points—in which we compared corals from an urban area to corals from a proximal non‐urban area. Here we reveal that despite appearing relatively healthy, natural biorhythms and environmental sensory systems were extensively disturbed in corals from the urban environment. Transcriptomic data indicated poor symbiont performance, disturbance to gametogenic cycles, and loss or shifted seasonality of vital biological processes. Altered seasonality patterns were also observed in the microbiomes of the urban coral population, signifying the impact of urbanization on the holobiont, rather than the coral host alone. These results should raise alarm regarding the largely unknown long‐term impacts of sensory pollution on the resilience and survival of coral reefs close to coastal communities.
Early HIV treatment and survival over six years of observation in the ANRS 12249 Treatment as Prevention Trial
Authors: Baisley Kathy , Orne‐Gliemann Joanna , Larmarange Joseph , Plazy Melanie , Collier Dami , Dreyer Jaco , Mngomezulu Thobeka , Herbst Kobus , Hanekom Willem , Dabis Francois , Siedner Mark J. , Iwuji Collins 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesPopulation‐based universal test and treat (UTT) trials have shown an impact on population‐level virological suppression. We followed the ANRS 12249 TasP trial population for 6 years to determine whether the intervention had longer‐term survival benefits.MethodsThe TasP trial was a cluster‐randomized trial in South Africa from 2012 to 2016. All households were offered 6‐monthly home‐based HIV testing. Immediate antiretroviral therapy (ART) was offered through trial clinics to all people living with HIV (PLHIV) in intervention clusters and according to national guidelines in control clusters. After the trial, individuals attending the trial clinics were transferred to the public ART programme. Deaths were ascertained through annual demographic surveillance. Random‐effects Poisson regression was used to estimate the effect of trial arm on mortality among (i) all PLHIV; (ii) PLHIV aware of their status and not on ART at trial entry; and (iii) PHLIV who started ART during the trial.ResultsMortality rates among PLHIV were 9.3/1000 and 10.4/1000 person‐years in the control and intervention arms, respectively. There was no evidence that the intervention decreased mortality among all PLHIV [adjusted rate ratio (aRR) = 1.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.85–1.43, p = 0.46] or among PLHIV who were aware of their status but not on ART. Among individuals who initiated ART, the intervention decreased mortality during the trial (aRR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.28–0.85, p = 0.01), but not after the trial ended.ConclusionsThe ‘treat all’ strategy reduced mortality among individuals who started ART but not among all PLHIV. To achieve maximum benefit of immediate ART, barriers to ART uptake and retention in care need to be addressed.
Viral hepatitis and the cascade of care among people living with HIV in the Asia‐Pacific
Authors: Rupasinghe Dhanushi , Choi Jun Yong , Kumarasamy Nagalingeswaran , Pujari Sanjay , Sun Ly Penh , Merati Tuti Parwati , Lee Man Po , Kinh Nguyen Van , Kiertiburanakul Sasisopin , Do Cuong Duy , Avihingsanon Anchalee , Ross Jeremy , Jiamsakul Awachana ,   IeDEA Asia‐Pacific
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the prevalence and mortality of hepatitis is high in the Asia‐Pacific region, few studies are available on the diagnosis, treatment, and cure rates for viral hepatitis among people living with HIV in this area. This study aims to report the cascade of care (CoC) for hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) among people living with HIV receiving combined antiretroviral therapy (ART).MethodsPatients enrolled in the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database Low Intensity Transfer (TAHOD‐LITE) cohort, on ART, and with follow‐up data from 2010 to 2019 were included. Patients were determined as positive for HCV or HBV co‐infection if they ever tested positive for HCV antibody (anti‐HCV) or HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), respectively.ResultsIn total, 39% (8612/22 340) of the adult HIV cohort had undergone HBsAg testing, with 8% (672/8612) testing positive. HBV CoC demonstrated that 71% (474/672) of those with HBsAg positive results initiated treatment, 67% (318/474) of those on treatment had HBV DNA testing to evaluate treatment progression, and 18% (58/318) of those tested reached viral suppression.Of the cohort, 37% (8231/22 340) had anti‐HCV testing, of whom 10% (779/8231) tested positive. The HCV CoC showed that 68% (526/779) of those with positive anti‐HCV tests had HCV RNA tests, of whom 51% (267/526) had detectable HCV RNA. Among those with detectable HCV RNA, 65% (174/267) initiated HCV treatment. Of the 40% (69/174) who initiated HCV treatment, 90% (62/69) reached sustained virological response.ConclusionOur findings identified less frequent testing in the healthcare system and limited access to treatment as gaps in the CoC for viral hepatitis. More routine HCV RNA and HBV DNA testing is required for patients with positive screening tests to identify those in need of treatment.
Research status of bond coats in environmental barrier coatings
Authors: Zhang Zhenya , Park Youngjin , Xue Zhaolu , Zhang Shihong , Byon Eungsun , Koo Bon‐Heun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBond coats in environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) prevent oxidants from penetrating the substrate, mediate the mismatch of the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), and improve the adhesion strength between adjacent layers. However, the development of bond coats is rarely studied systematically. In this paper, the research status of the bond coats in EBCs is introduced in detail, including the materials and deposition methods. Thus far, Si, modified‐Si, mullite, etc., have been employed as bond coats. Nevertheless, visible drawbacks of each bond coat limit their application at high‐temperatures in extreme environments. Si bond coat is easily oxidized and forms thermally grown oxides that form cracks, resulting in delamination, spallation, and failure of EBCs. In the Si–HfO2bond coat, the optimal ratios of Si/HfO2, deposition methods, distribution of Si and HfO2, and oxidation of Si remain completely unsolved. For mullite bond coat, SiO2suffers selective evaporation in the water vapor environment, and the ratios of the Al2O3and SiO2in mullite coatings restrict its service lifetime. HfSiO4is a potential candidate acting as a next‐generation bond coat in EBCs is proposed. Furthermore, choosing reasonable deposition methods is beneficial to improve the performances of the bond coats in EBCs.
Comparison of clinical and laboratory characteristics of nonsecretory multiple myeloma and secretory multiple myeloma in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Youk Hee‐Jeong , Chu Daehyun , Park Chan‐Jeoung , Seo Eul‐Ju , Jang Seongsoo , Cho Young‐Uk , Lee Jung‐Hee , Yoon Dok Hyun , Suh Cheolwon 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionNonsecretory multiple myeloma (NSM) is a rare variant of multiple myeloma, accounting for approximately 1%–5% of all reported cases. We compared the characteristics of NSM and secretory multiple myeloma (SM).MethodsWe examined clinical and laboratory characteristics of 17 patients diagnosed with NSM and 40 patients diagnosed with SM. NSM was diagnosed based on findings of bone marrow (BM) examination, serum‐free light chain (sFLC) assay, flow cytometric (FCM) immunophenotyping, chromosomal analysis, and imaging studies.ResultsNo patient with NSM had hypercalcemia or renal insufficiency at diagnosis. Patients with NSM were less anemic (p < .05) but had higher lactate dehydrogenase levels (p < .05) than patients with SM. In addition, patients with NSM had a lower percentage of plasma cells in the BM, confirmed by manual differential count (p < .05) and FCM immunophenotyping (p < .05). The sFLC ratio in patients with NSM was abnormal (15/17, 88.2%) and was lower than that in patients with SM (p < .05). Risk stratification in Revised International Staging System revealed a low‐risk tendency in patients with NSM (p = .235).ConclusionNSM patients showed different clinical and laboratory characteristics from SM patients. FCM immunophenotyping and sFLC assay particularly had differences between NSM patients and SM patients. Thus, they are essential for diagnosing NSM.
Risk factors and predictive model for incidence of difficult ureter during retrograde ureteroscopic lithotripsy
Authors: Waseda Yuma , Takazawa Ryoji , Kobayashi Masaki , Fuse Honoka , Tamiya Takashi 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveDifficult ureter can be a challenge for accessing upper urinary tract during lithotripsy. In this study, we evaluated the risk factors for the incidence of difficult ureter in retrograde ureteroscopic lithotripsy. Moreover, we aimed to develop a predictive model for the incidence of difficult ureter.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed consecutive retrograde ureteroscopic lithotripsies performed at our institution between 2009 and 2021. A total of 1010 renal units were evaluated: 449 units with renal stones only and 561 units with ureteral stones, with or without renal stones.ResultsThe overall incidence of difficult ureter was 5.9%, with a higher incidence in the renal alone stone group than in the ureteral stone group (7.8% vs 4.5%, P = 0.026). Multivariate regression analysis revealed three risk factors for the incidence of difficult ureter: absence of stone history (odds ratio 5.67, 95% confidence interval 2.40–13.4, and P < 0.001), age ≤45 years (odds ratio 3.61, 95% confidence interval 2.05–6.37, and P < 0.001), and renal stone only (odds ratio 2.11, 95% confidence interval 1.22–3.64, and P = 0.008). A simple model using these three risks enabled the stratification of the incidence rate of difficult ureter, with the incidence of high‐risk cases being 12.7%.ConclusionsThe greatest risk factor for the incidence of difficult ureter was the absence of stone history, followed by age 45 years or younger, and having only renal stones. In high‐risk cases of difficult ureter, the possibility of secondary lithotripsy should be explained to the patients.
Swedish migration policy liberalization and new immigrant entrepreneurs
Authors: Kazlou Aliaksei , Urban Susanne 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSweden has allowed immigrants from any country to obtain residence permits for entrepreneurship since 2008. The aim of this study was to explore the outcome of this policy. The study adds time perspective and superdiversity and operationalizes the mixed embeddedness framework to facilitate a quantitative study on three levels of analysis. Detailed register data for two cohorts of immigrants—those who arrived four years before and those who arrived four years after the reform—are used. The results confirm the usefulness of the mixed embeddedness model, that is the institutional regulative context, economic and social context, and individual resources, in the analysis of immigrant entrepreneurship. However, the study shows that the propensity to engage in entrepreneurship is more affected for refugees and students than for migrants with a residence permit for work and entrepreneurship. This indicates a need for further facilitating the process to immigrate for entrepreneurial reasons.
CNV detection and their association with growth, efficiency and carcass traits in Santa Inês sheep
Authors: Ladeira Giovanni Coelho , Pilonetto Fabrício , Fernandes Anna Carolina , Bóscollo Paola Pérez , Dauria Brayan Dias , Titto Cristiane Gonçalves , Coutinho Luiz Lehmann , e Silva Fabyano Fonseca , Pinto Luís Fernando Batista , Mourão Gerson Barreto 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCopy number variations (CNV) are an important source of genetic variation. CNV has been increasingly studied and frequently associated with diseases and productive traits in livestock animals. However, CNV‐based genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) in Santa Inês sheep, one of the principal sheep breeds in Brazil, have not yet been reported. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between CNV and growth, efficiency and carcass traits in sheep. The Illumina OvineSNP50 BeadChip array was used to detect CNV in 491 Santa Inês individuals. Then, CNV‐based GWAS was performed with a linear mixed model approach considering a genomic relationship matrix, for ten traits: (1) growth: body weight at three (W3) and six (W6) months of age; (2) efficiency: residual feed intake (RFI) and feed efficiency (FE) and (3) carcass: external carcass length (ECL), leg length (LL), carcass yield (CY), commercial cuts weight (CCW), loin eye area (LEA) and subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT). We identified 1,167 autosomal CNV in 438 sheep, with 294 non‐redundant CNV, ranging from 21.8 to 861.9 kb, merged into 216 distinct copy number variation regions (CNVRs). One significant CNV segment (pFDR‐value<0.05) in OAR3 was associated with CY, while another significant CNV in OAR6 was associated with RFI. Additionally, another 5 CNV segments were considered relevant for investigation in the future studies. The significant segments overlapped 4 QTLs and spanned 8 genes, including the SPAST,TGFA and ADGRL3 genes, involved in cell differentiation and energy metabolism. Therefore, the results of the present study increase knowledge about CNV in sheep, their possible impacts on productive traits, and provide information for future investigations, being especially useful for those interested in structural variations in the sheep genome.
An association of CEP78, MEF2C, VPS13A and ARRDC3 genes with survivability to heat stress in an F2 chicken population
Authors: Asadollahi Hamed , Vaez Torshizi Rasoul , Ehsani Alireza , Masoudi Ali Akbar 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHeat stress is a serious problem in the poultry industry. An effective tool for improving heat tolerance can be genomic selection based on single nucleotide polymorphisms. This study was performed to identify genomic regions controlling survivability to heat stress in a population of F2 chickens that accidentally experienced acute heat stress, using Illumina 60K Chicken SNP Bead Chip. After quality control in markers, 47,730 SNPs remained for genome‐wide association study (GWAS). The GWAS results indicated that markers Gga_rs16111480 (p = 8.503e‐08), GGaluGA354375 (p = 5.99e‐07) and Gga_rs14748694 (p = 7.085e‐07) located on Z chromosome showed significant association with heat stress tolerance trait. The Gga_rs16111480 marker was located inside the CEP78 gene. The marker GGaluGA354375 was located inside the LOC101752071 gene and next to the MEF2C gene. The Gga_rs14748694 marker was adjacent to LOC101752071 and MEF2C genes. Moreover, the SNP maker of Gga_rs16111480 was located on 243 kb downstream of the VPS13A gene, and the GGaluGA354375 and Gga_rs14748694 SNPs were located on 947 kb and 888 kb downstream of the ARRDC3 gene, respectively. The results of this study suggest that apart from the gene LOC101752071, which its function was unknown, each of the two MEF2C and CEP78 genes were found to be closely related to heat stress resistance in bird.
Maternal perception of spousal support in raising children with developmental disability in the context of family and child variables
Authors: Kara Tayfun , Alpgan Ömer 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the variables of mental, physical, and emotional problems in children with developmental disabilities (DDs) and the spousal support perceived by the mothers of those children.MethodsOne hundred forty‐three children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD, n:43), intellectual disability (ID, n:28), cerebral palsy (CP, n:47), or Down syndrome (DS, n:25) were included in this study. The support that mothers received from their spouses was evaluated using the Spousal Support Scale (SSS). Aggressive behavior in the children was evaluated using the anger‐aggression subscale of the Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation Scale (SCBE‐30). The data obtained were then subjected to statistical comparisons.ResultsMultiple comparisons revealed no significant difference between the DD diagnosis groups (ID, CP, ASD, and DS) in terms of spousal support or spousal support sub‐dimension scores (p > 0.05). Significant negative correlation was found between anger‐aggression subscale scores and SSS sub‐parameters (emotional support r = −0.315 p < 0.001, financial and informational support r = −0.285 p < 0.001, appreciation r = −0.299 p < 0.001, social support r = −0.381 p < 0.001, and spouse support score r = −0.389 p < 0.001).ConclusionChildren's anger‐aggression levels were adversely affected by a lack of spousal support for their mothers.
Rapid species‐level hemolymph color test for all life stages of Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), an invasive and regulatory pest in the United States
Authors: Ahmed Muhammad Z. , Deeter Lily 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSlide‐mounting is mandatory for accurate morphological identification of mealybug species (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). A typical slide‐mounting process is performed in laboratory settings and requires several tedious and technical steps that can take up to 2 hr. Moreover, most of the taxonomic literature on mealybugs is based on adult females, whereas it can be difficult to find adult females in good condition in field samples. We tested 2,635 specimens of 57 mealybug species from 26 genera of Pseudococcidae collected from all over Florida for two consecutive years to discover an alternative to slide‐mounting specimens of Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead), an emerging polyphagous pest of regulatory concern in the United States, now known to occur in Florida. Recent exceptionally high infestations in commercial citrus‐growing areas have activated regulatory agencies to implement quarantine and regulatory measures in efforts to halt its further spread within and outside of Florida. A 5‐min haemolymph colour test of eggs, immatures and adults is species‐specific to N. viridis. This test will allow for the identification of all life stages even when an adult female is not available. We discuss implementing this test in the field to help growers, researchers and regulators make preliminary identifications.
Flood risk management and governance: A bibliometric review of the literature
Authors: Dordi Truzaar , Henstra Daniel , Thistlethwaite Jason 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe study of flood management has experienced a paradigmatic shift over the past two decades. Particularly notable are the embracement of flood risk management (FRM) and comparative analysis of flood risk governance (FRG), meaning the complex institutional arrangements that shape the behavior of state and societal actors concerning FRM. Thousands of publications have addressed these themes, and this field of study is ripe for a systematic analysis that consolidates and structures this rapidly evolving literature. This study employed a bibliometric methodology to analyze the metadata (including authorship, keywords, abstracts, and citations) of 3059 such publications. The results reveal that both FRM and FRG scholarship have expanded over the past two decades; the United Kingdom and the Netherlands are the most prominent countries of origin, a small number of prolific authors stands out as major contributors, and a relatively small number of journals dominate as publication venues. The text mining results reveal that the bodies of FRM and FRG scholarship are highly correlated but yet differ in core subject matter, as demonstrated by the unique keywords found in the analysis. The findings are useful for researchers seeking relevant clusters for study and therefore offers reference value for future research and practice.
Increase in the incidence of acute inflammatory reactions to injectable fillers during COVID‐19 era
Authors: Kato Kiyoko , Inoue Eiko , Tanaka Sakae , Kawamoto Hiroshi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundAcute inflammatory reactions (AIRs) are a rare complication following esthetic treatment with hyaluronic acid (HA) and/or human collagen fillers. However, a substantial increase in the frequency of AIRs was observed in the first author's clinic since May 2020.AimsTo report AIR cases, we experienced and discuss potential underlying mechanisms.MethodsThis was a retrospective review of patients representing AIR symptoms following filler injection with HA or human collagen in our clinic.ResultsAlthough only one case of an AIR with an incidence rate of 0.01% was recorded following filler treatment between September 2008 and April 2020 in our clinic, we observed 14 AIR cases without anaphylaxis, with an incidence rate of 1.18% between May 2020 and June 2021, in line with the spreading of the new coronavirus pandemic. All cases were females aged 40–57 years, and the time of onset was within hours after filler injection. Three patients had been treated with HA fillers only, 2 with HA plus human collagen, and 9 with human collagen only. Most patients had been treated with these products in the past. Nine patients were treated with oral prednisolone. In all cases, symptoms resolved entirely within a week without sequelae.ConclusionsThe marked increase in AIRs coincided with the COVID‐19 pandemic. Possible explanations include immune system alterations caused by extensive changes in domestic and personal hygiene, prolonged and elevated stress levels, and subclinical COVID‐19 infection. Further studies may be warranted.
Intravaginal misoprostol versus uterine curettage for missed abortion: A cost‐effectiveness analysis
Authors: Torres‐Miranda María Dolores , Duro Gómez Jorge , Peña Lobo‐Gonçalves Sonja , De la Torre González Antonio Jesús , Castelo‐Branco Camil 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the cost‐effectiveness of a strategy based on direct‐acting uterine curettage (UC) versus a pre‐direct‐acting misoprostol (1600 mg) in patients with missed abortion (MA), from the perspective of a National Health System.MethodsAn open prospective cohort study was carried out at Reina Sofía University Hospital (Córdoba, Spain) from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 in 180 patients diagnosed with MA. The patients chose medical treatment with intravaginal misoprostol (800 μg/4 h) or UC after receiving complete and detailed information. The effectiveness, clinical characteristics of the patients, costs of treating and managing the disease, and satisfaction with the procedures were recorded.ResultsOne hundred and forty‐five patients (80.6%) chose misoprostol versus 35 patients (19.4%) who chose UC. The effectiveness of misoprostol has been 42% evaluated at 48 h; UC success rate has been 100%. The incidence of side effects is significantly higher in patients treated with misoprostol (p < 0.05); as well as the number of care received by the patient (p < 0.05). Satisfaction is higher in patients treated with UC (p < 0.05). However, the cost is almost 5‐folds higher in patients treated with UC (p < 0.05).ConclusionUC has a higher success rate, greater satisfaction, and a lower incidence of side effects, although significantly increases the cost compared to misoprostol in MA.