bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the cardiac amyloidosis clinical pathway implementation: a real-world experience
Authors: Brons Maaike , Muller Steven A , Rutten Frans H , van der Meer Manon G , Vrancken Alexander F J E , Minnema Monique C , Baas Annette F , Asselbergs Folkert W , Oerlemans Marish I F J 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Aims
The aim of this study is to evaluate the implementation of the cardiac amyloidosis (CA) clinical pathway on awareness among referring cardiologists, diagnostic delay, and severity of CA at diagnosis.

Methods and results
Patients with CA were retrospectively included in this study and divided into two periods: pre-implementation of the CA clinical pathway (2007–18; T1) and post-implementation (2019–20; T2). Patients’ and disease characteristics were extracted from electronic health records and compared. In total, 113 patients (mean age 67.8 ± 8.5 years, 26% female) were diagnosed with CA [T1 (2007–18): 56; T2 (2019–20): 57]. The number of CA diagnoses per year has increased over time. Reasons for referral changed over time, with increased awareness of right ventricular hypertrophy (9% in T1 vs. 36% in T2) and unexplained heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (22% in T1 vs. 38% in T2). Comparing T1 with T2, the diagnostic delay also improved (14 vs. 8 months, P &lt; 0.01), New York Heart Association Class III (45% vs. 23%, P = 0.03), and advanced CA stage (MAYO/Gillmore Stage III/IV; 61% vs. 33%, P ≤ 0.01) at time of diagnosis decreased.

Conclusion
After implementation of the CA clinical pathway, the awareness among referring cardiologists improved, diagnostic delay was decreased, and patients had less severe CA at diagnosis. Further studies are warranted to assess the prognostic impact of CA clinical pathway implementation.
gJLS2: an R package for generalized joint location and scale analysis in X-inclusive genome-wide association studies
Authors: Deng Wei Q , Sun Lei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A joint analysis of location and scale can be a powerful tool in genome-wide association studies to uncover previously overlooked markers that influence a quantitative trait through both mean and variance, as well as to prioritize candidates for gene–environment interactions. This approach has recently been generalized to handle related samples, dosage data, and the analytically challenging X-chromosome. We disseminate the latest advances in methodology through a user-friendly R software package with added functionalities to support genome-wide analysis on individual-level or summary-level data. The implemented R package can be called from PLINK or directly in a scripting environment, to enable a streamlined genome-wide analysis for biobank-scale data. Application results on individual-level and summary-level data highlight the advantage of the joint test to discover more genome-wide signals as compared to a location or scale test alone. We hope the availability of gJLS2 software package will encourage more scale and/or joint analyses in large-scale datasets, and promote the standardized reporting of their P-values to be shared with the scientific community.
Does Information about Bias Attenuate Selective Exposure? The Effects of Implicit Bias Feedback on the Selection of Outgroup-Rich News
Authors: Kroon Anne C , van der Meer Toni G L A , Pronk Thomas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPeople’s news diets are shaped by a diverse set of selection biases that may be unconscious in nature. This study investigates whether providing individuals with information about such unconscious biases attenuates selective exposure. More specifically, in two selective-exposure experiments among Dutch ingroup members focusing on ethnic (N = 286) and religious (N = 277) minorities, we expose individuals to their unconscious prejudices as measured by the Implicit Association Test (IAT) before documenting their news-selection patterns. Findings indicate that the effectiveness of this awareness-inducing strategy depends upon existing levels of implicit and explicit prejudice and overly expressed acceptance of the IAT scores. This implies that raising awareness of implicit prejudice works as an effective strategy for fighting biased news selection for some, but may backfire for others, and should therefore only be implemented with caution and attention for explicit considerations.
Improving communication between American Indian youth and caregivers to prevent teenage pregnancy
Authors: Chambers Rachel A , Rosenstock Summer , Patel Hima , Zhang Yifan , Lee Angelita , Melgar Laura , Slimp Anna , Lee Shauntal , Susan Davette , Larzelere Francene , Tingey Lauren 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAmerican Indian (AI) youth are at increased risk for poor reproductive health outcomes. Parental communication and monitoring are established predictors of sexual risk-taking among adolescents. No program evaluations of sexual risk avoidance programs have focused exclusively on AI youth and parents. This study assesses the impact of the Respecting the Circle of Life (RCL) Teenage Pregnancy Prevention program on parent–youth communication and parental monitoring through a randomized controlled trial with AI youth ages 11–19 and their trusted adults (parents/caregivers) (N = 518). RCL consists of 8-peer group and one parent–youth session. Trusted adult participants completed the Parental Monitoring Scale and the Parent Adolescent Communication Scale at baseline and 3 and 9 months post-intervention via self-report. Intervention impact was evaluated using linear regression models, which included an indicator for study group. At 3 months post, trusted adults in the intervention reported significantly higher levels of sexual health communication (P = 0.042) and spoke to their child more often about how to get condoms (P = 0.001), get birth control (P = 0.014) and protect themselves from human immunodeficiency virus (P = 0.005) compared with trusted adults in the control condition. Program impact varied by age and sex. This study adds to literature and extends findings on RCL impact.
Potential for renewable energy–assisted harvesting of potatoes in Scotland
Authors: Muneer Tariq , Dowell Rory 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Depleting energy resources, enhancing energy security and energy access and approaching climate change related challenges are some of the present day challenges. Against this backdrop, renewable energy (RE)-based farming has been a topic of serious discussion within Great Britain and Scotland. There are multiple advantages in the development and applications of RE micro-grids for farming communities as often they are located in areas that are quite remote and hence their energy sustainability provides security of supply. In the present article, a large-scale RE system that included solar photovoltaic and wind turbine has been critically analyzed with respect to its fractional contribution toward the total energy budget of a potato farm that produces 8000 tons of crops annually, with 4500 tons of the produce in cold storage for up to 8 months. The findings and recommendations from these case studies will help renewable energy practitioners in erecting and analyzing similar installations.
An Uncertain Future for EU-Level Collective Bargaining: The New Rules of the Game After EPSU
Authors: García Muñoz Alhambra Manuel Antonio 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The General Court of the European Union (GCEU) in EPSU and Goudriaan vs. Commission and the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) in the subsequent appeal judgment reached an identical conclusion on a key aspect of the system of EU level collective bargaining. The Courts held that Article 155(2) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) does not impose any obligation on the European Commission to send a social partner agreement to the Council. This is in line with the Commission’s recent interpretation of Article 155(2) TFEU that subordinates the implementation of the European agreements to a positive assessment of their appropriateness. This article critically assesses the GCEU and CJEU rulings in EPSU and argues that they confirm a major break with the praxis of European collective bargaining that will have negative consequences for the social partners’ autonomy and role in the EU. In order to better understand this break, the article examines how and when the Commission changed its approach to European social dialogue, resulting in the new interpretation of Article 155(2) TFEU, and proposes a hypothesis to understand why. The article concludes by describing the consequences of the new reading of Article 155(2) TFEU for the idea of collective autonomy in EU law as well as for the practice of EU level social dialogue and collective bargaining.
Accuracy Gains from Privacy Amplification Through Sampling for Differential Privacy
Authors: Hu Jingchen , Drechsler JÖrg , Kim Hang J 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Recent research in differential privacy demonstrated that (sub)sampling can amplify the level of protection. For example, for ϵ-differential privacy and simple random sampling with sampling rate r, the actual privacy guarantee is approximately rϵ, if a value of ϵ is used to protect the output from the sample. In this paper, we study whether these amplification effects can be exploited systematically to improve the accuracy of the privatized estimate. Specifically, assuming the agency has information for the full population, we ask under which circumstances accuracy gains could be expected, if the privatized estimate would be computed on a random sample instead of the full population. We find that accuracy gains can be achieved for certain regimes. However, gains can typically only be expected, if the sensitivity of the output with respect to small changes in the database does not depend too strongly on the size of the database. We only focus on algorithms that achieve differential privacy by adding noise to the final output and illustrate the accuracy implications for two commonly used statistics: the mean and the median. We see our research as a first step toward understanding the conditions required for accuracy gains in practice and we hope that these findings will stimulate further research broadening the scope of differential privacy algorithms and outputs considered.
Advances in field-based high-throughput photosynthetic phenotyping
Authors: Fu Peng , Montes Christopher M , Siebers Matthew H , Gomez-Casanovas Nuria , McGrath Justin M , Ainsworth Elizabeth A , Bernacchi Carl J 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Gas exchange techniques revolutionized plant research and advanced understanding, including associated fluxes and efficiencies, of photosynthesis, photorespiration, and respiration of plants from cellular to ecosystem scales. These techniques remain the gold standard for inferring photosynthetic rates and underlying physiology/biochemistry, although their utility for high-throughput phenotyping (HTP) of photosynthesis is limited both by the number of gas exchange systems available and the number of personnel available to operate the equipment. Remote sensing techniques have long been used to assess ecosystem productivity at coarse spatial and temporal resolutions, and advances in sensor technology coupled with advanced statistical techniques are expanding remote sensing tools to finer spatial scales and increasing the number and complexity of phenotypes that can be extracted. In this review, we outline the photosynthetic phenotypes of interest to the plant science community and describe the advances in high-throughput techniques to characterize photosynthesis at spatial scales useful to infer treatment or genotypic variation in field-based experiments or breeding trials. We will accomplish this objective by presenting six lessons learned thus far through the development and application of proximal/remote sensing-based measurements and the accompanying statistical analyses. We will conclude by outlining what we perceive as the current limitations, bottlenecks, and opportunities facing HTP of photosynthesis.
‘Making sense’ of Turkey’s refugee policy: The case of the Directorate General of Migration Management
Authors: Efe İbrahim , Jacoby Tim 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Based on interview data gathered in 2019 and 2020, this article considers the various approaches through which employees of Turkey’s Directorate General of Migration Management have interpreted and implemented state policy towards the country’s Syrian refugees. It uses the work of Dvora Yanow as a vantage point from which to understand initially how civil servants based in three cities have tried to ‘make sense’ of these policies and the highly dynamic context in which they are working. It then goes on to look at how her work might help us to reveal the ways in which processes of naming, selecting, and categorising may also play a role in making sense of—and adapting—national policy. Finally, we examine two examples of how our respondents elaborated upon these sense-making efforts through the use of storytelling.
Go for Green® Nutrition Program: Translating Evidence Into Practice
Authors: Kleinberger Carolyn A , Bukhari Asma S , Kirkpatrick Katie M , Moylan Elizabeth M , Billington Jennifer L , Armstrong Nicholes J , Cole Renee E , Deuster Patricia A 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Go for Green® (G4G) is an evidence-based, multi-component nutrition program for military dining facilities (DFAC) to improve nutritional fitness among Service Members. The program evolved from supporting “fueling” during initial Army training into a robust intervention across all U.S. Military branches. The current G4G program consists of eight program requirements to optimize the nutrition environment, including traffic light labeling, nutritious menus, choice architecture, food promotion, marketing, and staff training. The evolution of the G4G program, development of standardized program requirements, and lessons learned are described.

Materials and Methods
The latest scientific evidence, best practices in health promotion and nutrition education, results and data from G4G implementation in the military community support the current version of G4G. Feedback and observations from program developers, military branch foodservice headquarters, installation leadership, and local G4G DFAC teams provided insight into implementation challenges, successes, facilitators, and barriers.

Results
The G4G program has evolved and expanded from its initial inception over 10 years ago to its current version. Research studies, nutrition science, and feedback from military community stakeholders have informed programmatic changes and improvements.

Conclusions
G4G 2.0 is a robust, innovative, multi-component, performance nutrition program with clear program element requirements. Value was added to elevate the G4G program by setting program requirements, expanding program components, and establishing a centralized resource hub. Performance nutrition initiatives in local military DFAC for dining facilities, such as G4G 2.0, has great potential to impact the health and well-being of Service Members.
Unveiling the main sequence to starburst transition region with a sample of intermediate redshift luminous infrared galaxies
Authors: Hogan L , Rigopoulou D , García-Burillo S , Alonso-Herrero A , Barrufet L , Combes F , García-Bernete I , Magdis G E , Pereira-Santaella M , Thatte N , Weiß A 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
We present a CO(3−2) study of four systems composed of six (ultra) luminous infrared galaxies (U/LIRGs), located at 0.28 &lt;z &lt; 0.44, that straddle the transition region between regular star-forming galaxies and starbursts. These galaxies benefit from previous multiwavelength analysis allowing in depth exploration of an understudied population of U/LIRGs at a time when the universe is experiencing a rapid decline in star formation rate density. We detect CO(3−2) emission in four targets and these galaxies fall between the loci of regular star-forming galaxies and starbursts on the Kennicutt–Schmidtt relation. Compared to low luminosity LIRGs and high luminosity ULIRGs at similar redshifts, we find they all have similar molecular gas budgets with the difference in their star formation rates (SFR) driven by the star formation efficiency (SFE). This suggests that at these redshifts large molecular gas reservoirs must coincide with an increased SFE to transition a galaxy into the starburst regime. We studied the structure and kinematics and found our four detections are either interacting or have disturbed morphology which may be driving the SFE. One of the CO(3−2) non-detections has a strong continuum detection, and has been previously observed in H α, suggesting an unusual interstellar medium for a ULIRG. We conclude that our sample of transitioning U/LIRGs fill the gap between regular star-forming galaxies and starbursts, suggest a continuous change in SFE between these two populations and the increased SFE may be driven by morphology and differing stages of interaction.
Decoding rapidly presented visual stimuli from prefrontal ensembles without report nor post-perceptual processing
Authors: Bellet Joachim , Gay Marion , Dwarakanath Abhilash , Jarraya Bechir , van Kerkoerle Timo , Dehaene Stanislas , Panagiotaropoulos Theofanis I 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe role of the primate prefrontal cortex (PFC) in conscious perception is debated. The global neuronal workspace theory of consciousness predicts that PFC neurons should contain a detailed code of the current conscious contents. Previous research showed that PFC is indeed activated in paradigms of conscious visual perception, including no-report paradigms where no voluntary behavioral report of the percept is given, thus avoiding a conflation of signals related to visual consciousness with signals related to the report. Still, it has been argued that prefrontal modulation could reflect post-perceptual processes that may be present even in the absence of report, such as thinking about the perceived stimulus, therefore reflecting a consequence rather than a direct correlate of conscious experience. Here, we investigate these issues by recording neuronal ensemble activity from the macaque ventrolateral PFC during briefly presented visual stimuli, either in isolated trials in which stimuli were clearly perceived or in sequences of rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) in which perception and post-perceptual processing were challenged. We report that the identity of each stimulus could be decoded from PFC population activity even in the RSVP condition. The first visual signals could be detected at 60 ms after stimulus onset and information was maximal at 150 ms. However, in the RSVP condition, 200 ms after the onset of a stimulus, the decoding accuracy quickly dropped to chance level and the next stimulus started to be decodable. Interestingly, decoding in the ventrolateral PFC was stronger compared to posterior parietal cortex for both isolated and RSVP stimuli. These results indicate that neuronal populations in the macaque PFC reliably encode visual stimuli even under conditions that have been shown to challenge conscious perception and/or substantially reduce the probability of post-perceptual processing in humans. We discuss whether the observed activation reflects conscious access, phenomenal consciousness, or merely a preconscious bottom-up wave.
Magnesium isotope geochemistry of the carbonate-silicate system in subduction zones
Authors: Wang Shui-Jiong , Li Shu-Guang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The lighter magnesium (Mg) isotopic signatures observed in intraplate basalts are commonly thought to result from deep carbonate recycling, provided that the sharp difference in Mg isotopic composition between surface carbonates and the normal mantle is preserved during plate subduction. However, deep subduction of carbonates and silicates could potentially fractionate Mg isotopes and change their chemical compositions. Subducting silicate rocks that experience metamorphic dehydration lose a small amount of Mg, and preserve the original Mg isotopic signature of their protoliths. When the dehydrated fluids dissolve carbonate minerals, they may evolve into lighter Mg isotopic compositions. The solubility of carbonate minerals in fluids decreases in the order of calcite, aragonite, dolomite, magnesite and siderite, leading to selective and partial dissolution of carbonate minerals along the subduction path. At the island arc depth (70–120 km), the metamorphic fluid dissolves mainly Mg-poor calcites, and thus the fluid has difficulty modifying the Mg isotopic system of the mantle wedge and associated arc basalts. At the greater depth of the back arc system or continental margin (&gt;150 km), the supercritical fluid can dissolve Mg-rich carbonate minerals, and its interaction with the mantle wedge could significantly imprint the light Mg isotopic signature onto the mantle rocks and derivatives. Meanwhile, the carbonate and silicate remaining within the subducting slab could experience elemental and isotopic exchange, during which the silicate can obtain a light Mg isotopic signature and high CaO/Al2O3, whereas the carbonates, particularly the Ca-rich limestone, shift Mg isotopes and MgO contents towards higher values. If this isotopic and elemental exchange event occurs widely during crustal subduction, subducted Ca-rich carbonates can partially transform into being Mg-rich, and a portion of recycled silicates (e.g. carbonated eclogites) can have light Mg isotopic composition alongside carbonates. Both serve as the low-δ26Mg endmember recycled back into the deep mantle, but the latter is not related to deep carbonate recycling. Therefore, it is important to determine whether the light Mg isotopic signatures observed in intraplate basalts are linked to deep carbonate recycling, or alternatively, recycling of carbonated eclogites.
Understanding State-Level Variations in Implementing Academic Detailing for Prescribing Opioids: Findings from 11 States Within the United States
Authors: Underwood Natasha L , Cance Jessica Duncan , Kane Heather , Hennessy Caitlin , Christensen Aleta , Rooks-Peck Cherie 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objective
Academic detailing is a clinical education technique characterized by targeted, one-on-one, interactive conversations between trained staff and the clinician. This study describes variations in implementing academic detailing among jurisdictions receiving funding from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to prevent prescription drug overdoses.

Design
In 2015, CDC started the Prescription Drug Overdose Prevention for States (PfS) program.

Subjects
This study focuses on 11 of the 29 funded jurisdictions that implemented academic detailing as part of their PfS efforts.

Methods
Jurisdictions provided annual progress reports from 2016 to 2019. We conducted semistructured interviews in 2017 and 2018 with all funded jurisdictions and conducted follow-up interviews with three jurisdictions in 2020 to obtain additional context. We used an analytic matrix display to identify themes from annual progress report data, the coding report from the 2017/2018 interviews, and the three follow-up interviews from 2020.

Results
Two academic detailing models emerged: 1) one-on-one detailing, where centrally trained staff conducted all visits, and 2) a train-the-trainer model. Jurisdictions also described a hybrid model, which they referred to as academic detailing despite not meeting the definition of academic detailing. We identified variations in delivery strategies, staffing, and curriculum development within and between models. Despite these differences, common themes included the need to use data to focus academic detailing and the importance of partnerships.

Conclusions
Adoption of academic detailing as a strategy for improving opioid prescribing behaviors has increased. However, there is limited guidance and standardization to guide and evaluate implementation and outcomes.