bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bipolar hemiarthroplasty may reduce cerebrovascular accidents and improve early weight-bearing in the elderly after femoral neck fracture
Authors: Dubin Jeremy , Atzmon Ran , Feldman Viktor , Farkash Uri , Nyska Meir , Rath Ehud , Palmanovich Esequiel 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) in the elderly population after femoral neck fracture remain great concern for physicians. Specifically, surgical fixation techniques, such as bipolar hemiarthroplasty (HA) and internal fixation play a significant role in influencing the occurrence of postoperative CVA in the elderly population.
In order to identify 2 cohorts, we used a rigid selection process based on our institution's database. The cohorts were comprised of a HA cohort and a cannulated screw cohort, of which underwent femoral neck surgery, performed by 3 fellowship trained surgeons from 2003 to 2014. Risk factors were documented and measured, including Coumadin use and hypertension, and postoperative complications such as CVA and death rate were also recorded. A P-value of <.05 was determined to be statistically significant.
A power analysis was performed and achieved a power of 0.95. We found a non-significant reduction in CVA for bipolar HA (3.6% CVA vs 0.0% in the non-CVA group, P = .48) and a non-significant increase in CVA for cannulated screw use (7.6% CVA vs 14.4% in the non-CVA group, P = .11). In addition, we found a significant difference in terms of weight-bearing status at 6-weeks postoperatively (0.95 vs 2.0, P < .0001), favoring the bipolar HA group.
Among the advantages of bipolar HA surgery, surgeons should consider its value in reducing the occurrence of postoperative CVA. Furthermore, patients who underwent bipolar HA had improved weight-bearing status postoperatively compared with cannulated screw fixation.
Nebulized fentanyl for respiratory symptoms in patients with COVID-19 (ventanyl trial)
Authors: Shaikh Nissar , Khatib Mohamad Y. , Wraidat Mohammad A. Al , Mohamed Ahmed S. , Al-Assaf Anood A. , Tharayil Abdul Gafoor M. , Abujaber Ahmad A. , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) commonly experience distressing and challenging respiratory symptoms. Interventions such as oxygen therapy, oral opiates, and traditional nebulizers like ipratropium bromide and salbutamol are variable in their efficacy, and therapy responses in patients are difficult to predict. The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of nebulized fentanyl citrate on dyspnea, cough, and throat pain in patients with COVID-19 and evaluate the safety with any potential adverse events.
In COVID-19, about 59% of patients will exhibit cough, 35% generalized body ache and sore throat, and 31% dyspnea. Some methods such as nebulized lidocaine, magnesium sulfate, and systemic opioids have been used to manage the respiratory symptoms. It has been previously shown that fentanyl nebulizer has beneficial effect in improving shortness of breath in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The proposed theory behind that was that fentanyl decreased the rate of spontaneous respiratory rate, diminished the brain stem chemoreceptor response to hypoxia and hypercarbia, in addition to exhibiting a modulating effect on the brain stem. Therefore, we hypothesize that nebulized fentanyl has superior effect in improving shortness of breath and relieving cough compared to normal saline, in addition to its advantageous throat pain relief, while exhibiting fewer side effects in patients with COVID 19 infection. Therefore, this phase-III, randomized, comparative, parallel assignment, single-blinded clinical trial aims at assessing the efficacy and safety of nebulized fentanyl to suppress cough, improve breathlessness, and relieve throat pain in patients with COVID-19.
The clinical effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese medicine Jinfeng pill in adjuvant treatment of infertility with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Zhu Ping , Guan Jing-Zhi , Hai Qing-Chun , Jin Jing , Shi Lei , Hua Lian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background:
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the main cause of infertility in women, the essence of which is an endocrine disorder syndrome with abnormal sugar metabolism and reproductive dysfunction, and the incidence rate of about 6% of women. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Jinfeng pill has achieved very good clinical results in the treatment of infertility with PCOS, but there is currently a lack of strong evidence-based medical evidence. This study uses meta-analysis method to analyze the clinical effectiveness and safety of TCM Jinfeng pill in the treatment of infertility with PCOS, hoping to provide help for the clinical treatment of infertility with PCOS.

Methods:
Using the computer to retrieve SinoMed, CNKI, VIP, WANFANG Database, as well as Public, The Cochrane library, Medline (Ovid SP), Embase and other foreign language databases, while manually retrieving the relevant magazine supplements, special issues, professional materials, network information, and so on. The retrieval time is from the beginning of each database to June 2021. The selected literature is evaluated using the Cochrane System Rating Manual Bias Risk Tool. Statistical analysis and graphics of the inclusion literature are performed using Review Manager 5.3 statistical software.

Results:
All the results of this study on the clinical effectiveness and safety of TCM Jinfeng pill in adjuvant treatment of infertility with PCOS will be published in a peer-reviewed academic journal of medicine.

Ethics and dissemination:
The type of study is systematic evaluation, the whole process of research does not involve human trials, the data used in the institute are obtained through published literature, so ethical review is not suitable for this study.

OSF registration number:
10.17605/OSF.IO/JEP2D. (https://osf.io/jep2d).

Conclusion:
Our research will provide evidence-based medical evidence on whether the TCM Jinfeng pill is effective and safe in the treatment of infertility with PCOS.
The effect of Huoxue Huayu decoction on restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with coronary heart disease
Authors: Hou Yi , Li Xuhao , Wang Xingxin , Dong Tiantian , Yang Jiguo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background:
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), as the most common treatment for coronary heart disease (CHD), has the advantages of simple operation, minimal invasion, rapid reconstruction, and vessels opening. The problem, however, is that many patients develop restenosis within 6 months after PCI. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Huoxue Huayu decoction (HXHYD) is widely used to treat cardiovascular diseases, and its important role as a complementary and alternative therapy for the prevention and treatment of post-PCI restenosis in CHD patients has been extensively reported. However, controversy exists among different studies. Therefore, we collected relevant randomized controlled trials for a meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of HXHYD in the prevention of post-PCI restenosis in patients with CHD.

Methods:
Randomized controlled trials of HXHYD in the prevention of post-PCI restenosis in patients with CHD will be retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, and Clinical Trial Register. The 2 authors will independently conduct the literature search, literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment. Data analysis will be performed using STATA 14.0.

Results:
The results of this meta-analysis will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.

Conclusion:
This study will provide high-quality, evidence-based medical evidence for the efficacy and safety of HXHYD in the prevention of post-PCI restenosis in patients with CHD.

Ethics and dissemination:
Ethical approval is not required for this study. The systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, presented at conferences, and shared on social media platforms. This review would be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal or conference presentations.

OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER:
DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/PNZSM.
Febuxostat combined with hydration for the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy in hyperuricemia patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Ma Guang , Li Min , Teng Wei , He Zhaohui , Zhai Xiaojv , Xia Zhenhua 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background:
To assess the efficacy of febuxostat combined with hydration on contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in coronary heart disease patients with hyperuricemia undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods:
Patients with hyperuricemia who underwent PCI were randomly assigned to 2 groups. The control group was given hydration only, and the febuxostat group received febuxostat 40 mg daily before administration of contrast agent and hydration. The primary endpoint of the study was the incidence of CIN, defined as an increase in baseline serum creatinine concentration by 25% at 2 days after contrast media administration, and variations in the serum levels of creatinine, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, uric acid, and estimated glomerular filtration rate were compared.

Results:
A total of 202 patients with hyperuricemia were randomly assigned to either the febuxostat group (n = 100) or the control group (n = 102). The baseline characteristics of the 2 groups were similar. The incidence of CIN was 6.0% (6/100) in the febuxostat group and 14.71% (15/102) in the control group.
The levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin at 6-hour and serum creatinine and uric acid at 48-hour in the febuxostat combined hydration group were lower than those in the control group after surgery, and the level of estimated glomerular filtration rate was higher than that in the control group (all P < .05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that febuxostat was an independent predictor of CIN.

Conclusion:
Our study demonstrated that prophylactic treatment with febuxostat combined with hydration can reduce the incidence of CIN in patients with coronary heart disease and hyperuricemia after PCI.
Sublingual immunotherapy for pediatric patients with mite allergies
Authors: Kajiume Teruyuki 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) has been increasingly used instead of subcutaneous immunotherapy. SLIT was initially approved for use among adults; however, it has become more widely accepted for children. Few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of SLIT in the treatment of dust mite allergies among children, including adverse effects. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of SLIT in children with dust mite allergies, as well as its adverse effects, at a pediatric general outpatient clinic.
I analyzed the data of 181 patients aged 4 to 12 years who tested positive for mite antigen-specific immunoglobulin E, exhibited nasal and/or eye symptoms, and received Miticure. Symptoms were evaluated using the Japanese rhino-conjunctivitis quality of life (QOL) questionnaire no. 1. Wilcoxon tests were used to compare the pretreatment and post-treatment symptom scores. Adverse events were tallied, and Kaplan–Meier curves and Wilcoxon tests were used to assess the proportion of dropouts.
The mean QOL score at the baseline was 2.17 (standard deviation [SD] 1.45). After 1 week, the mean symptom QOL score was 1.63 (SD 1.32); the lowest mean score was found in week 41 (0.48, SD 0.63). A significant decline in the occurrence of all symptoms, including sneezing, nasal discharge, nasal congestion, itchy eyes, and teary eyes, was observed. Adverse effects were observed in 76 (42.0%) patients; the most common adverse effect was itchy mouth.
SLIT improves symptoms with minimal adverse effects in pediatric patients.
A case report of nilotinib-induced irreversible interstitial lung disease
Authors: Cho Jun Yeun , Lee Ok-Jun , Kwon Jihyun , Kim Dohun , Shin Yoon Mi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Rationale:
Nilotinib is a second line tyrosine kinase inhibitor to treat patients with chronic myeloid leukemia after imatinib resistance or intolerance. Drug related pulmonary complication is known to be rare. We discuss a case of nilotinib-induced interstitial lung disease presenting with nonspecific interstitial pneumonia on the unilateral lung.

Patient concerns:
A 46-year-old man with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia presented with cough and weight loss for 2 months. He had been treated with nilotinib for 52 months.

Diagnosis:
Computed tomography scan showed right lung dominant consolidations, ground glass opacities and traction bronchiectasis. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis revealed no evidence of infection or malignancy. Surgical lung biopsy specimen was consistent with fibrosing nonspecific interstitial pneumonia. The patient was diagnosed with nilotinib induced interstitial lung disease.

Interventions:
Corticosteroid treatment was initiated with prednisolone (50 mg daily) and slowly tapered down for 2 months.

Outcomes:
Cough improved after the course of corticosteroid treatment. However, fibrotic lung lesions persisted. Reinitiation of nilotinib resulted in the worsening of lung lesions.

Lessons:
We report a case of irreversible interstitial lung disease that caused by nilotinib. Clinicians should have suspicion of this potential pulmonary complication in patients with respiratory symptoms and abnormal radiologic findings during nilotinib treatment, albeit rarely.
Potential nonpharmacological interventions to prevent frailty among elderly in low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Ara Rifat , Monisha Umme Kulsum , Nova Tashnova Jahan , Chowdhury Sreshtha , Nabi Mohammad Hayatun , Hawlader Mohammad Delwer Hossain 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background:
Frailty syndrome is a medical condition defined by a progressive loss of function that usually begins beyond 65 and necessitates assistance with daily activities. There are both pharmacological and nonpharmacological approaches to prevent frailty. The purpose of this systematic review is to investigate viable nonpharmacological therapies for reducing frailty among the elderly in low- and middle-income countries, to develop an appropriate guideline to determine the applicability of these nonpharmacological interventions in various feasible settings.

Methods:
Two independent researchers will explore 5 electronic databases for relevant and promising studies. The selected articles will be subjected to a full-text examination following the initial screening. Two independent authors will analyze the risk of bias using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. The review findings on various nonpharmacological approaches to prevent frailty will be presented as a narrative synthesis. There will be a sensitivity analysis and an assessment of study heterogeneity if possible.

Results and conclusion:
The systematic review protocol has been evaluated and approved by the institutional review board of North South University. The preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocol recommendations for precisely reporting health care interventions and the Cochrane group standards will be strictly followed in this systematic review protocol.

PROSPERO Registration number:
CRD42021290417
The improvement of the lower limb exoskeletons on the gait of patients with spinal cord injury
Authors: Xue Xiali , Yang Xinwei , Tu Huan , Liu Wanna , Kong Dezhi , Fan Zhonghe , Deng Zhongyi , Li Ning 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background:
Spinal Cord Injury is a severely disabling disease. In the process of Spinal Cord Injury rehabilitation treatment, improving patients’ walking ability, improving their self-care ability, and enhancing patients’ self-esteem is an important aspect of their return to society, which can also reduce the cost of patients, so the rehabilitation of lower limbs is very important. The lower limb exoskeleton robot is a bionic robot designed according to the principles of robotics, mechanism, bionics, control theory, communication technology, and information processing technology, which can be worn on the lower limb of the human body and complete specific tasks under the user's control. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the lower limb exoskeleton on the improvement of gait function in patients with spinal cord injury.

Methods:
The following electronic databases will be searched from inception to January 2022: PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, EBSCO, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, Weipu Electronics. In addition, reference lists of the included studies were manually searched to identify additional relevant studies. Randomized controlled trials were collected to examine the effect of lower limb exoskeletons on lower limb functional recovery in spinal cord injury patients. We will consider inclusion, select high-quality articles for data extraction and analysis, and summarize the intervention effect of lower limb exoskeletons on the upper limb function of spinal cord injury patients. Two reviewers will screen titles, abstracts, and full texts independently according to inclusion criteria; Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were performed in the included studies. We will use a hierarchy of recommended assessment, development, and assessment methods to assess the overall certainty of the evidence and report findings accordingly. Endnote X8 will be applied in selecting the study, Review Manager 5.3 will be applied in analyzing and synthesizing.

Results:
The results will provide evidence for judging whether lower limb exoskeletons are effective and safe in improving lower limb function in patients with spinal cord injury.

Conclusion:
Our study will provide reliable evidence for the effect of lower limb exoskeletons on the improvement of lower limb function in spinal cord injury patients.

INPLASY registration number:
INPLASY202180095.
Edematous wall thickening of the gallbladder induced by hyperthyroidism
Authors: Koyama Katsumasa , Anno Takatoshi , Kawasaki Fumiko , Nishino Ken , Kawamoto Hirofumi , Kaneto Hideaki , Tomoda Koichi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Rationale:
Hyperthyroidism, such as Basedow disease, causes fluid retention, although the common cause is volume overload due to congestive heart failure. In addition, hyperthyroidism and Basedow disease are known to cause pulmonary hypertension. Edematous thickening of the gallbladder wall is caused by venous blood congestion. The feature of edematous wall thickening of the gallbladder on abdominal computed tomography (CT) is subserosal edema and is often accompanied by a periportal collar sign.

Patient concerns:
A 30-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of liver dysfunction, edematous gallbladder wall thickening, and fluid retention. In addition, the patient developed hyperthyroidism and heart failure. Enhanced abdominal CT revealed edematous wall thickening of the gallbladder and a periportal collar sign.

Diagnosis:
We suspected that fluid retention and congestion were caused by hyperthyroidism and Basedow disease.

Interventions:
On admission, we started thiamazole therapy for Basedow disease, and her thyroid hormone levels normalized.

Outcomes:
Abdominal CT revealed disappearance of edematous wall thickening of the gallbladder, which was likely associated with an improvement in thyroid function. The patient was discharged 10 days after admission.

Lessons:
We encountered a case of hyperthyroidism and Basedow disease accompanied by edematous wall thickening of the gallbladder and various fluid retentions as the first symptoms. Such edematous wall thickening of the gallbladder and various fluid retentions were reduced, together with the improvement of hyperthyroidism.
Prognostic value of the lactate/albumin ratio for predicting mortality in patients with pneumosepsis in intensive care units
Authors: Erdoğan Murat , Findikli Hüseyin Avni 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The lactate/albumin (L/A) ratio correlates with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation 2 (APACHE-2) and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores. This study examined whether the L/A ratio has prognostic value in a larger group of critically ill (adult) patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) due to pneumosepsis.
This retrospective study analyzed the data of 273 patients with pneumosepsis admitted to the Internal Medicine ICU of Adana City Training and Research Hospital between 2018 and 2020. Patients diagnosed with pneumosepsis were included in the study. The data were obtained from the hospital system. Patients who had cancer, who were pregnant, and patients whose necessary data could not obtain for the study were excluded from the study.
The L/A ratio was superior to lactate or albumin alone as a predictor of mortality. Furthermore, this result was valid for patients with kidney and hepatic dysfunction. A correlation occurred between the L/A ratio and APACHE-2 and SOFA scores in patients with pneumosepsis.The L/A ratio can be an independent predictor of mortality in patients with pneumosepsis and patients with pneumosepsis with renal and hepatic dysfunction. The L/A ratio correlated positively with lactate levels and APACHE-2 and SOFA scores but negatively with albumin levels.
Associations between red cell distribution width and outcomes of adults with in-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Cheng Yanwei , Peng Hailin , Zhang Jiange , Zhu Juan , Xu Lijun , Cao Xue , Qin Lijie 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Previous studies found that high red cell distribution width (RDW) value is associated with poor outcomes among out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors. The aim of this study was to investigate whether post-ROSC RDW value was associated with survival and neurological outcomes of in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) patients achieving return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) but remaining critically ill.
This retrospective single-center observational study included IHCA adults with sustained ROSC between January 1, 2017 and January 1, 2021 at an academic medical center in China. PostROSC RDW values were measured within 1 hour after sustained ROSC. The primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge and the secondary outcome was favorable neurological outcome at hospital discharge. The associations between postROSC RDW value and outcomes among IHCA patients with ROSC were evaluated by using multivariate logistic regression.
A total of 730 patients with sustained ROSC following IHCA were ultimately included in this study. Of whom 194 (26.6%) survived to hospital discharge and 116 (15.9%) had a favorable neurological outcome at hospital discharge. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, lower postROSC RDW value was independently associated with survival to hospital discharge (odds ratio 0.19, 95% confidence interval 0.15–0.63, P = .017, cut-off value: 15.5%) and favorable neurological outcome at hospital discharge (odds ratio 0.23, 95% confidence interval 0.07–0.87, P < .001, cut-off value: 14.6%). Other independent factors including younger age, initial shockable rhythm, shorter total cardiopulmonary resuscitation duration and post-ROSC percutaneous coronary intervention were also associated with survival to hospital discharge. Regarding favorable neurological outcome at hospital discharge, significant variables other than the aforementioned factors included postROSC targeted temperature management and absence of pre-existing neurological insufficiency.
Low postROSC RDW value was associated with survival to hospital discharge and favorable neurological outcome at hospital discharge.