bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paediatric COVID-19 mortality: a database analysis of the impact of health resource disparity
Authors: Marwali Eva Miranda , Kekalih Aria , Yuliarto Saptadi , Wati Dyah Kanya , Rayhan Muhammad , Valerie Ivy Cerelia , Cho Hwa Jin , Jassat Waasila , Blumberg Lucille , Masha Maureen , Semple Calum , Swann Olivia V , Kohns Vasconcelos Malte , Popielska Jolanta , Murthy Srinivas , Fowler Robert A , Guerguerian Anne-Marie , Streinu-Cercel Anca , Pathmanathan Mohan Dass , Rojek Amanda , Kartsonaki Christiana , Gonçalves Bronner P , Citarella Barbara Wanjiru , Merson Laura , Olliaro Piero L , Dalton Heidi Jean 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundThe impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on paediatric populations varied between high-income countries (HICs) versus low-income to middle-income countries (LMICs). We sought to investigate differences in paediatric clinical outcomes and identify factors contributing to disparity between countries.MethodsThe International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infections Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 database was queried to include children under 19 years of age admitted to hospital from January 2020 to April 2021 with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis. Univariate and multivariable analysis of contributing factors for mortality were assessed by country group (HICs vs LMICs) as defined by the World Bank criteria.ResultsA total of 12 860 children (3819 from 21 HICs and 9041 from 15 LMICs) participated in this study. Of these, 8961 were laboratory-confirmed and 3899 suspected COVID-19 cases. About 52% of LMICs children were black, and more than 40% were infants and adolescent. Overall in-hospital mortality rate (95% CI) was 3.3% [=(3.0% to 3.6%), higher in LMICs than HICs (4.0% (3.6% to 4.4%) and 1.7% (1.3% to 2.1%), respectively). There were significant differences between country income groups in intervention profile, with higher use of antibiotics, antivirals, corticosteroids, prone positioning, high flow nasal cannula, non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation in HICs. Out of the 439 mechanically ventilated children, mortality occurred in 106 (24.1%) subjects, which was higher in LMICs than HICs (89 (43.6%) vs 17 (7.2%) respectively). Pre-existing infectious comorbidities (tuberculosis and HIV) and some complications (bacterial pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome and myocarditis) were significantly higher in LMICs compared with HICs. On multivariable analysis, LMIC as country income group was associated with increased risk of mortality (adjusted HR 4.73 (3.16 to 7.10)).ConclusionMortality and morbidities were higher in LMICs than HICs, and it may be attributable to differences in patient demographics, complications and access to supportive and treatment modalities.
Definitive treatment of seizures due to hemimegalencephaly in neonates and young infants by transarterial embolization: technical considerations for ‘endovascular embolic hemispherectomy’
Authors: Pearl Monica S , Tsuchida Tammy N , Oluigbo Chima , Kratimenos Panagiotis , Anwar Tayyba , Kousa Youssef , Gaillard William D , Chang Taeun 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundThis case series describes the technical considerations and effectiveness of ‘endovascular embolic hemispherectomy’ for the treatment of medically intractable seizures in neonates and young infants with hemimegalencephaly (HME) and in whom surgical hemispherectomy is not a viable option.MethodsThis is a descriptive review of the endovascular technique used to treat consecutive pediatric patients with serial transarterial embolization for intractable seizures due to HME between 2018 and 2022. Clinical presentation, endovascular procedural details and complications, and efficacy were examined.ResultsThree infants (13-day-old, 13-week-old and 15-day-old) with HME and intractable seizures underwent a total of 10 transarterial embolizations. Anticipated intraprocedural events included vasospasm and focal subarachnoid hemorrhage in all three infants, effectively controlled endovascularly, and non-target embolization in one infant. No infants had symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage or femoral artery occlusion. EEG background quiescence and seizure cessation was achieved after the final stage of embolization in all patients. All infants were discharged home from the neonatal ICU (median length of stay 36 days, range 27–74 days) and remain seizure-free to date (4 years, 9 months, and 8 months). None have developed hydrocephalus, required surgical hemispherectomy or other neurosurgical interventions.ConclusionEndovascular hemispherectomy can be safely used to provide definitive treatment of HME-related epilepsy in neonates and young infants when intraprocedural events are managed effectively. This less invasive novel approach should be considered a feasible early alternative to surgical hemispherectomy. Further studies are needed to enhance the safety profile and to assess long-term neurodevelopmental outcome and durability of freedom from seizures.
Relationship between intrinsic network connectivity and psychiatric symptom severity in functional seizures
Authors: Goodman Adam M , Kakulamarri Pranav , Nenert Rodolphe , Allendorfer Jane B , Philip Noah S , Correia Stephen , LaFrance W Curt , Szaflarski Jerzy P 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI) may precipitate the onset of functional seizures (FSs). Many patients with FS report at least one prior TBI, and these patients typically present with more severe psychiatric comorbidities. TBI and psychopathology are linked to changes in neural network connectivity, but their combined effects on these networks and relationship to the effects of FS remain unclear. We hypothesised that resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) would differ between patients with FS and TBI (FS+TBI) compared with TBI without FS (TBI only), with variability only partially explained by the presence of psychopathology.MethodsPatients with FS+TBI (n=52) and TBI only (n=54) were matched for age and sex. All participants completed psychiatric assessments prior to resting-state functional MRI at 3 T. Independent component analysis identified five canonical rsFC networks related to emotion and motor functions.ResultsFive linear mixed-effects analyses identified clusters of connectivity coefficients that differed between groups within the posterior cingulate of the default mode network, insula and supramarginal gyrus of the executive control network and bilateral anterior cingulate of the salience network (all α=0.05, corrected). Cluster signal extractions revealed decreased contributions to each network for FS+TBI compared to TBI only. Planned secondary analyses demonstrated correlations between signal and severity of mood, anxiety, somatisation and global functioning symptoms.ConclusionsThese findings indicate the presence of aberrant connectivity in FS and extend the biopsychosocial network model by demonstrating that common aetiology is linked to both FS and comorbidities, but the overlap in affected networks varies by comorbid symptoms.
Fine-tuning in the 2HDM
Authors: Bernal A. , Casas J. A. , Moreno J. M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe Two-Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM) is one of the most popular and natural extensions of the Higgs sector; but it has two potential fine-tuning problems, related to the electroweak (EW) breaking and the requirement of alignment with the SM Higgs boson. We have quantified the fine-tunings obtaining analytical expressions, both in terms of the initial 2HDM parameters and the physical ones (masses, mixing angles, etc.). We also provide simple approximate expressions. We have taken into account that the fine-tunings are not independent and removed the “double counting” by projecting the variations of the alignment onto the constant-$$v^2$$

v
2

hypersurface. The EW and the alignment fine-tunings become severe in different, even opposite, regions of the parameter space, namely in the regimes of large and small extra-Higgs masses, respectively; emerging an intermediate region, $$500~{\textrm{GeV}} {\mathop {{}_\sim }\limits ^{<}}\{m_H, m_A, m_{H^\pm }\} {\mathop {{}_\sim }\limits ^{<}}700~{\textrm{GeV}}$$

500

GeV

∼

<

{

m
H

,

m
A

,

m

H
±

}

∼

<

700

GeV

, where both are acceptably small. We also discuss a remarkable trend that is not obvious at first glance. Namely, for large $$\tan \beta $$

tan
β

both the EW and the alignment fine-tunings become mitigated. In consequence, the 2HDM becomes quite natural for $$\tan \beta \ge {\mathcal {O}} (10)$$

tan
β
≥
O
(
10
)

, even if $$m_H, m_A, m_{H^\pm }$$

m
H

,

m
A

,

m

H
±

are as large as 1500 GeV. We explain why this is not the case for the 2HDM stemming from supersymmetry. We have illustrated all these trends by numerically analyzing several representative scenarios.
Student Competency for Midtrimester Obstetrics Scan upon Completion of the Master’s Degree in Medical Sonography
Authors: Hairunpijit Surapa , Siripongsakun Surachate , Chotipanich Chanisa , Hiranrat Pantajaree , Narkwichean Amarin , Laosooksathit Wipada 
Published: October 2022

Objectives. To evaluate the competency of medical sonographer students who have completed training to estimate the gestational age (GA) and perform fetal biometric measurements compared to obstetricians. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional observational study at the end of the medical sonographer students’ practice sessions. In total, 80 midtrimester (18–28 weeks) pregnant women were recruited, and an ultrasound was performed according to the International Society of Sonography in Obstetrics and Gynecology (ISUOG) guideline. Estimated GA calculated from fetal biometric measurements was compared between medical sonographer students and qualified obstetricians. Subsequently, images were randomly evaluated by maternal-fetal medicine specialists to assess the measurement performance. Results. There was no significant difference in the estimated GA between the medical sonographer students and obstetricians (mean difference, 0.01 ± 2.92 day,

p

= 0.89). However, there was a significant difference in the measurement of the head circumference (HC) and abdominal circumference (AC) (

p

< 0.001). The overall image quality of the fetal head, abdomen, and femur was considered a good to excellent score (77.5%–80%). There was a perfect and nearly perfect agreement regarding the presence of the placenta previa, adequacy of amniotic fluid, and position of the placenta (k = 0.9–1.0). Conclusions. The medical sonographer students demonstrated competency in GA estimation by fetal biometry measurement similar to obstetricians. However, the quality of the acquired images, according to the ISUOG recommendation, needs improvement, and this should be emphasized in the sonography course curriculum. The results suggest that medical sonographers can relieve obstetricians’ workload for ultrasound screening in midtrimester pregnancies.
Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of TAK-931, a Cell Division Cycle 7 Inhibitor, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors: A Phase I First-in-Human Study
Authors: Kuboki Yasutoshi , Shimizu Toshio , Yonemori Kan , Kojima Takashi , Kondo Shunsuke , Koganemaru Shigehiro , Iwasa Satoru , Harano Kenichi , Koyama Takafumi , Lu Vickie , Zhou Xiaofei , Niu Huifeng , Yanai Tomoko , Garcia-Ribas Ignacio , Doi Toshihiko , Yamamoto Noboru 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:We conducted a first-in-human, dose-escalation study, to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and activity of TAK-931, a cell division cycle 7 inhibitor, in Japanese patients with advanced solid tumors.Experimental Design:Patients ages ≥20 years received oral TAK-931: once daily for 14 days in 21-day cycles (schedule A; from 30 mg); once daily or twice daily for 7 days on, 7 days off in 28-day cycles (schedule B; from 60 mg); continuous once daily (schedule D; from 20 mg); or once daily for 2 days on, 5 days off (schedule E; from 100 mg) in 21-day cycles.Results:Of the 80 patients enrolled, all had prior systemic treatment and 86% had stage IV disease. In schedule A, 2 patients experienced dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) of grade 4 neutropenia and the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was 50 mg. In schedule B, 4 patients experienced DLTs of grade 3 febrile neutropenia (n = 3) or grade 4 neutropenia (n = 1); the MTD was 100 mg. Schedules D and E were discontinued before MTD determination. The most common adverse events were nausea (60%) and neutropenia (56%). Time to maximum plasma concentration of TAK-931 was approximately 1–4 hours postdose; systemic exposure was approximately dose proportional. Posttreatment pharmacodynamic effects correlating to drug exposure were observed. Overall, 5 patients achieved a partial response.Conclusions:TAK-931 was tolerable with a manageable safety profile. TAK-931 50 mg once daily days 1–14 in 21-day cycles was selected as a recommended phase II dose and achieved proof of mechanism.Trial registration ID:NCT02699749Significance:This was the first-in-human study of the CDC7 inhibitor, TAK-931, in patients with solid tumors. TAK-931 was generally tolerable with a manageable safety profile. The recommend phase II dose was determined to be TAK-931 50 mg administered once daily on days 1–14 of each 21-day cycle. A phase II study is ongoing to confirm the safety, tolerability, and antitumor activity of TAK-931 in patients with metastatic solid tumors.
Risk Factors for Perioperative Brain Lesions in Infants With Congenital Heart Disease: A European Collaboration
Authors: Bonthrone Alexandra F. , Stegeman Raymond , Feldmann Maria , Claessens Nathalie H.P. , Nijman Maaike , Jansen Nicolaas J.G. , Nijman Joppe , Groenendaal Floris , de Vries Linda S. , Benders Manon J.N.L. , Haas Felix , Bekker Mirielle N. , Logeswaran Thushiha , Reich Bettina , Kottke Raimund , Hagmann Cornelia , Latal Beatrice , Dave Hitendu , Simpson John , Pushparajah Kuberan , Austin Conal , Kelly Christopher J. , Arulkumaran Sophie , Rutherford Mary A. , Counsell Serena J. , Knirsch Walter , Breur Johannes M.P.J. 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Infants with congenital heart disease are at risk of brain injury and impaired neurodevelopment. The aim was to investigate risk factors for perioperative brain lesions in infants with congenital heart disease.

Methods:
Infants with transposition of the great arteries, single ventricle physiology, and left ventricular outflow tract and/or aortic arch obstruction undergoing cardiac surgery <6 weeks after birth from 3 European cohorts (Utrecht, Zurich, and London) were combined. Brain lesions were scored on preoperative (transposition of the great arteries N=104; single ventricle physiology N=35; and left ventricular outflow tract and/or aortic arch obstruction N=41) and postoperative (transposition of the great arteries N=88; single ventricle physiology N=28; and left ventricular outflow tract and/or aortic arch obstruction N=30) magnetic resonance imaging for risk factor analysis of arterial ischemic stroke, cerebral sinus venous thrombosis, and white matter injury.

Results:
Preoperatively, induced vaginal delivery (odds ratio [OR], 2.23 [95% CI, 1.06–4.70]) was associated with white matter injury and balloon atrial septostomy increased the risk of white matter injury (OR, 2.51 [95% CI, 1.23–5.20]) and arterial ischemic stroke (OR, 4.49 [95% CI, 1.20–21.49]). Postoperatively, younger postnatal age at surgery (OR, 1.18 [95% CI, 1.05–1.33]) and selective cerebral perfusion, particularly at ≤20 °C (OR, 13.46 [95% CI, 3.58–67.10]), were associated with new arterial ischemic stroke. Single ventricle physiology was associated with new white matter injury (OR, 2.88 [95% CI, 1.20–6.95]) and transposition of the great arteries with new cerebral sinus venous thrombosis (OR, 13.47 [95% CI, 2.28–95.66]). Delayed sternal closure (OR, 3.47 [95% CI, 1.08–13.06]) and lower intraoperative temperatures (OR, 1.22 [95% CI, 1.07–1.36]) also increased the risk of new cerebral sinus venous thrombosis.

Conclusions:
Delivery planning and surgery timing may be modifiable risk factors that allow personalized treatment to minimize the risk of perioperative brain injury in severe congenital heart disease. Further research is needed to optimize cerebral perfusion techniques for neonatal surgery and to confirm the relationship between cerebral sinus venous thrombosis and perioperative risk factors.
Analysis of Mulan’s Poor Reception in China from the Perspective of Orientalism
Authors: Tong Zhaosheng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The undesirable reception of Disney’s Mulan (2020) is attributable to complicated factors. This paper combs Hua Mulan’s images in Chinese literary and visual discourses, and confirms her as a virtuous epitome and a national heroine in Chinese mainstream culture, whereas in Mulan, she is portrayed as a warrior with magic “qi” and homosexual orientation, representing modern feminists’ pursuits for gender recognition and equality. Besides, the assertive collage of Chinese cultural elements severely impairs the authenticity of her story. Superficially, the arbitrary appropriation of Chinese culture causes the poor reception of the movie, which, however, if situated within the framework of Orientalism with a lineal examination of the Chinese-culture-related Hollywood movies, more underlying causes, ideological, political and commercial, can be uncovered. The film’s failure bespeaks the predicament confronted by contemporary Hollywood film industry. If Hollywood film producers want to reap lucrative gains from the booming Chinese film market, they should rectify their outdated condescending attitudes and do more in updating their production concepts, innovation, empathy and cooperation. This paper may be of significance as a reference to the practice and study of film adaptation, production and marketing across cultures.
Negotiating Textuality and Aesthetic Tropes in Fújì Performance
Authors: Boluwaduro Stephen Olabanji 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Fújì music, a Yorùbá popular art, has over the time been criticised as a local musical idiom devoid of any sophisticated aesthetic and functional values, and meant only for the illiterates. This study investigates the multiplicity of aesthetic performances in this Yorùbá art through close examination of a range of Fújì musical song texts in a bid to articulate Yorùbá socio-cultural realities. Engaging an aspect of Ackerman’s concept of hybridity, this study analyses selected works of two Nigerian Fújì musical artistes, Sikiru Ayinde Balogun (a.k.a. Barrister) and Rasaki Kolawole Ilori (a.k.a. Kollington Ayinla) who are representatives of the first generation of Fújì musical artistes. I argue that Fújì music possesses utilitarian relevance to Nigerian audiences as it is engaged in various ways to generate multiple meanings in linguistic, literary and musicological senses through syncretic complexities of postcolonial socio-cultural dialectical practices in Nigeria. The study concludes that Fújì song performance inherently possesses and articulates an array of social values and aesthetics.
The Poetics of Place and Belonging in Joe Ushie’s Poetry
Authors: Inyabri Idom T. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Joe Ushie’s poetry is highly expressive of a poet persona’s place consciousness. In this paper I interrogate selected poems that articulate a sense of place and belonging in his four collections of poems: Popular Stand and Other Poems (1992), Lambs at the Shrine (1995), Hill Songs (2000), and A Reign of Locust (2004). Utilising the theoretical provisions of postcolonial ecocriticism, I see his imagery as a creative strategy to express his belongingness, foreground a marginalised cultural space, and draw attention to the vagaries of a once idyllic environment in the throes of vain postcolonial politics, commercial greed, and poverty. Thus, while remaining close to the poet’s indigenous imagination, I conclude that Ushie’s aesthetics of place and belonging is anchored firmly in the environmentalist ethics of pursuit for a healthy environment.
Political Ambition and Psychiatric Manifestations in Femi Osofisan’s A Restless Run of Locusts
Authors: Omobowale Emmanuel Babatunde , Kekeghe Stephen Ese 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Existing studies, in Nigeria, have explored the interplay of physical and psychological diseases with a central focus on different psychiatric conditions as well as their social triggers. This article examines ambition as a major intensifier of neurotic and psychotic episodes in Femi Osofisan’s play, A Restless Run of Locusts. Freud’s psychoanalytic theory is adopted to account for the mental states of the characters, as manifested in their moods, conducts, gait, physical dispositions and utterances. The play is subjected to a critical analysis to reveal some psychiatric symptoms elicited by grave ambition, as exhibited by its protagonist and other characters featured in it. Besides a close reading of the primary text, secondary materials on the field of psychiatry and literature give insights to the study. The play reveals different psychotic and neurotic features which emerge from the fierce greed and ambition of the protagonist in his craving for political positions and privileges. Through verbal and behavioural displays, Osofisan’s protagonist undergoes a gradual descent into mental derangement, from neuroses to psychoses.
Can the Perceived Timing of Multisensory Events Predict Cybersickness?
Authors: Sadiq Ogai , Barnett-Cowan Michael 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Humans are constantly presented with rich sensory information that the central nervous system (CNS) must process to form a coherent perception of the self and its relation to its surroundings. While the CNS is efficient in processing multisensory information in natural environments, virtual reality (VR) poses challenges of temporal discrepancies that the CNS must solve. These temporal discrepancies between information from different sensory modalities leads to inconsistencies in perception of the virtual environment which often causes cybersickness. Here, we investigate whether individual differences in the perceived relative timing of sensory events, specifically parameters of temporal-order judgement (TOJ), can predict cybersickness. Study 1 examined audiovisual (AV) TOJs while Study 2 examined audio-active head movement (AAHM) TOJs. We deduced metrics of the temporal binding window (TBW) and point of subjective simultaneity (PSS) for a total of 50 participants. Cybersickness was quantified using the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ). Study 1 results (correlations and multiple regression) show that the oculomotor SSQ shares a significant yet positive correlation with AV PSS and TBW. While there is a positive correlation between the total SSQ scores and the TBW and PSS, these correlations are not significant. Therefore, although these results are promising, we did not find the same effect for AAHM TBW and PSS. We conclude that AV TOJ may serve as a potential tool to predict cybersickness in VR. Such findings will generate a better understanding of cybersickness which can be used for development of VR to help mitigate discomfort and maximize adoption.
Brutalised, Broken and Betrayed: The Falklands Veteran in 1980s British Film
Authors: Edwards Sam 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article examines how the British Falklands veteran was depicted in three late 1980s films: Resurrected (1989), Tumbledown(1988) and For Queen and Country (1989). Like many contemporaneous depictions of American Vietnam veterans, all three productions explore the difficult homecoming of the “returning soldier”, paying close attention to questions of health, well-being, national identity, class and race. To this extent, all three films “use” the figure of the veteran for pointed social and political commentary, with the mores and values of 1980s Britain the subject of engaged critique: from unemployment and the collapse of class solidarity, to the pettiness of government bureaucracy, to the racism of the State and its agents. In doing so, 1980s era depictions of the Falklands veteran established a powerful template which continues to shape and inform perceptions of the “stigmatized veteran” in contemporary British culture.