bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Земля, война и дань
Authors: Bashnin Nikita V. 
Published: September 2022

Аннотация
В статье на основании летописных и актовых источников исследованы обстоятельства возникновения и существования земельных владений Пермской архиерейской кафедры в связи с политической ситуацией на Руси в конце XIV–XV в. Образование Пермской епархии в 1383 г. при великом князе Дмитрии Ивановиче Донском и присоединение к ней Вологды при Иване III, раскрывает механизм укрепления единого Русского государства на севере, когда путем установления промосковской церковной власти над землями, платившими дань Великому Новгороду «мягкой рухлядью», закреплялась политическая власть Москвы и великого князя на этих обширных территориях (около 250,000 км 2). Изучение источников показало, что, вероятно, право собственности у пермских владык на земельные угодья возникло в 1380-х гг., а подтверждение его в 1490 г. и дополнительная регламентация были обусловлены пограничным статусом епархии. Для Ивана III земельные вопросы в этом регионе имели большое значение. Он стремился соблюсти баланс между светскими землевладельцами и церковной кафедрой с монастырями, поскольку ситуация в регионе была неспокойной, а эти территории были стратегически важны, так как через них проходил путь на Урал и в Сибирь. Иван III стремился усилить великокняжескую власть на этих территориях, именно поэтому епископ Филофей получает поддержку Москвы, но при этом ему было запрещено «отнимать» земли у местного населения. Великокняжеская грамота от 19 ноября 1490 г. фактически законсервировала земельные владения Пермской кафедры, в XVI и XVII вв. не произошло увеличения архиерейских вотчин в этом регионе.
Masalah Kesehatan Masyarakat Dan Cara Penyelesaiannya Menurut HL BLUM
Authors: HAERANI ASISA 
Published: September 2022

Dr Henrik L. Blum atau yang lebih di kenal dengan nama HL Blum adalah seorang profesor emeritus administrasi kesehatan dan perencanaan di University of California, Berkeley, dan pelopor dalam reformasi perawatan kesehatan.
The Sufi Silsila and the Influence of Hinduism on Sufism
Authors: Ahmed Mo. Gulfaraz 
Published: September 2022

India has been a Hindu nation from the very beginning. The Brahmins were considered to belong to the upper caste in Hinduism and the practices followed by the Muslims were opposite to those of the Hindus. After the Arab invasion of India, Islam was widely propagated by those who migrated to India. Sufis have the most important contribution in the propagation of Islam in India. Sufism or Islamic mysticism developed from the core ideas of Islam. Sufi saints tried to bring harmony in the society and a harmonious trend was established by them. Thus, the universality of Sufism is accepted in all hands. The present article attempts to trace the origins of Sufism, the Sufi silsila in India and the influence of Hinduism and other religions on Sufism. It has been observed that through Sufism, the philosophies of mystical traditions belonging to other religions such as Christianity, Judaism, Hinduism and Buddhism were shared by the Sufis among the people of India, which suggests that the Sufis had their own He was very generous in his views.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
भारत प्रारम्भ से ही हिन्दू राष्ट्र रहा है। ब्राह्मणों को हिंदू धर्म में उच्च जाति से संबंधित माना जाता था और मुसलमानों द्वारा अपनाई जाने वाली प्रथाएं हिंदुओं के विपरीत थीं। भारत में अरब आक्रमण के पश्चात् भारत में प्रवास करने वालों द्वारा इस्लाम का व्यापक रूप से प्रचार-प्रसार किया गया। भात में इस्लाम के प्रचार-प्रसार में सूफियों का सर्वाधिक महत्वपूर्ण योगदान हैं। सूफीवाद या इस्लामी रहस्यवाद का विकास इस्लाम के मूल विचारों से हुआ है। सूफी संतों ंने समाज में सामंजस्य स्थापित करने की कोशिश की और उनके द्वारा एक सामंजस्यपूर्ण प्रवृत्ति स्थापित की गई। इस प्रकार सूफीवाद की सार्वभौमिकता सभी हाथों में स्वीकार की जाती है। वर्तमान आलेख सूफीवाद की उत्पत्ति, भारत में सूफी सिलसिला और सूफीवाद पर हिंदू एवं अन्य धर्मों का प्रभाव का पता लगाने का प्रयास करता है। यह देखा गया है कि सूफीवाद के माध्यम से, ईसाई धर्म, यहूदी धर्म, हिंदू धर्म और बौद्ध धर्म जैसे अन्य धर्मों से संबंधित रहस्यमय परंपराओं के दर्शन को सूफियों द्वारा भारत के लोगों के बीच साझा किया गया था, जिससे पता चलता है कि सूफी अपने विचारों में बहुत उदार थे।
Keywords: सिलसिला, सूफीवाद, हिंदू धर्म, इस्लाम, रहस्यवाद
Submicroscopic changes in the heart of adult rats under conditions of persistent hyperhomocystemia
Authors: Kaminsky R. F. , Dzevulska I. V. , Yanchyshyn A. Ya. , Matkivska R. M. , Samborska I.A. 
Published: September 2022

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. It has been established that in recent years there has been a significant increase in the number of patients with this pathology, forcing researchers, scientists and physicians to look for risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, one of which is hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCys). The aim of the research is to study the features of submicroscopic changes in the heart of adult rats under conditions of HHCys. Experimental studies were performed on 22 white nonlinear adult (6-8 months) male rats in accordance with the principles of bioethics (Strasbourg, 1986; Kyiv, 2001). During the experiment, the animals were divided into two groups – control and experimental. Simulation of persistent HHCys was achieved by administering to rats the experimental group thiolactone homocysteine (HCys) at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight intragastrally for 60 days. Ultrathin sections were studied in the PEM – 125K electron microscope. It was found that the introduction of thiolactone HCys to adult rats at a dose of 200 mg/kg causes the development of dystrophic and destructive changes in the heart of animals. Significant connective tissue edema was observed in the endocardium, and disturbances in the components of the microcirculatory tract were detected in the myocardium. Local enlightenment, cytoplasmic edema and local condensation of heterochromatin in hypertrophied nuclei were detected in hemocapillary endothelial cells. In cardiomyocytes, myofibrils are thickened, mitochondria are swollen with partial destruction of the cristae, tubules of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and T-tubules are dilated. These findings indicate that in adult rats HHCys caused the development of pathological changes in the endocardium, myocardium of experimental animals and in the microcirculatory tract.
Discriminant models of the possibilities of occurrence and features of the course of benign nevi in men depending on the characteristics of dermatoscopic parameters
Authors: Haddad N. B. Yo. , Maievskyi О. Ye. , Serebrennikova О. А. , Khapitska O. P. , Vadzyuk S. N. 
Published: September 2022

Human skin is the first barrier to protect the body from external factors. Combinations of certain external and internal (genetically determined) factors can lead to cancer of this organ. One of such pathologies is nevi – still little studied disease. At the same time, modern medicine is interested in inventing mechanisms to predict their occurrence and course. The purpose of the study is to build and analyze discriminant models of the possibility of benign nevi in Ukrainian men depending on the characteristics of dermatoscopic parameters. Ukrainian men aged 22 to 35 years, patients with melanocyte benign simple nevi (n=34), melanocyte benign dysplastic nevi (n=27), melanocyte benign congenital nevi (n=14) and non-melanocyte benign nevi (n=17) get dermatoscopic examination. The possibility of benign nevi occurrence depending on the characteristics of dermatoscopic parameters was carried out using discriminant analysis in the licensed statistical package “Statistica 5.5”. With the help of discriminant analysis, reliable models of the possibility of occurrence of benign nevi depending on the characteristics of dermatoscopic parameters are built. It was found that among patients with melanocyte benign simple, dysplastic, congenital and non-melanocyte benign nevi, a reliable interpretation of the obtained classification indicators is possible (discriminant function covers 70.7 % of cases; statistics Wilks' Lambda=0.185; p<0.001). The models include the general dermatoscopic index, the dermatoscopic criterion “Asymmetry” according to the ABCD system, the number of nevi on the body more than 1 cm and the dermatoscopic criterion “Color” according to the ABCD system. Moreover, the general dermatoscopic index and the dermatoscopic criterion “Asymmetry” according to the ABCD system make the greatest contribution to discrimination between Ukrainian men with benign nevi.
Proliferation of the Osteoblast Cells on Nanostructured Hydroxyapatite Coatings: a Study through 2-D Electrophoresis Assay
Authors: Li H. , Khor K.A. , Chen W.N. , Tan T.L. , Pan H. , Cheang P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A large variety of bioceramics have been successfully utilized as implant materials for promoting fixation of bony tissues. Different bioceramics exhibited markedly different proliferation rates of the osteoblast cells in vitro. Clarification of the mechanism about the attachment and proliferation/differentiation of the cells would contribute to selecting suitable biomaterials for hard tissue replacement. Nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings have been produced and they have shown promising mechanical performances. The present study employed the 2-dimentional gel electrophoresis assay for comprehensively studying the proteomics of the cells proliferated on the nanostructured HA coating. Results showed that the nanostructured HA coatings promoted proliferation of the osteoblast cells. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay revealed an increased ALP activity of the proliferated viable cells, and obviously the presence of the nanosized pores can enhance the anchoring and stretching of the cells. No obvious difference in the 2-D gel maps taken for the cells proliferated on the HA coating and for control can be found. This in turn suggests that the nanostructured HA coating induces minor changes in the cells. The promoted cell proliferation by the HA coating could then be possibly explained by the affected apoptosis/cell cycle of the cells.
The Cold Spray Process and Its Optimization
Authors: Kreye H. , Schmidt T. , Gärtner F. , Stoltenhoff T. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cold gas spraying is a coating process by which coatings can be produced without significant heating of the sprayed powder. In contrast to the well-established thermal spray processes such as flame, arc and plasma spraying, in cold spraying there is no melting of particles prior to impact on the substrate. Bonding occurs when the impact velocities of the particle exceed a critical value. This critical velocity depends not only on the type of the spray material, but also on the powder quality, the particle size and the particle impact temperature. The present contribution summarizes general views and reports recent developments with respect to the understanding of the process and respective consequences for the optimization of the process. The presented optimization procedure covers principles to increase gas and particle velocities and rules to decrease the critical velocity for bonding. By consequently following such route for typical metallic spray materials, cold spraying as a quite new coating technique is already capable to provide coating qualities very similar to those of work hardened bulk material at powder feed rates similar to those of thermal spraying and deposition efficiencies of about 90 %.
Cold Gas Dynamic Spraying of Fe-based Amorphous Alloy
Authors: Ajdelsztajn L. , Lavernia E.J. , Jodoin B. , Richer P. , Sansoucy E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper describes recent effort to synthesize Fe-based amorphous alloys coatings using Cold Gas Dynamic Spraying. Characterization of the gas atomized Fe-based (Fe-Cr-Mo-WC-Mn-Si-Zr-B) powder shows that fully amorphous powder is found when particle diameter is below 20 µm. The coatings produced were composed of the same microstructure as the one observed in the feedstock powder. The overall deformation suggests the occurrence of a localized deformation process at the particle/particle boundary and possible adiabatic deformation softening inside the powder particles during splat formation. The influence of the substrate material on the coating deposition process was also investigated. The synthesis of fully amorphous, porous free coatings using Cold Spray was demonstrated in this work.
Assessment of Metal/Diamond Composite Coatings by Cold Spray Deposition
Authors: Kim H.J. , Jung D.H. , Jang J.H. , Lee C.H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Thick metal/diamond composite coatings on Al substrate were deposited by cold spray process with in-situ powder preheating. Microstructural characterization of the as-sprayed coatings with different diamond size, strength and with/without Ti clad coating was carried out by OM and SEM. Assessment of basic properties such as tensile bond strength, porosity, and hardness of the coatings and the deposition efficiency was also carried out. Particular attention on the coatings was on the diamond fracture phenomenon during the cold spray deposition and the interface bonding between diamond and metal matrix. The potentials and the problems of metal/diamond composite coatings by cold spray are discussed.
Effect of the Coating Erosion on the Cold Spray Process
Authors: Papyrin A.N. , Kosarev V.F. , Klinkov S.V. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the Cold Spray process, the sprayed particles are in solid state, and unlike thermal spray, the effect of the coating erosion by reflected particles can play a more significant role. This paper is an attempt of modeling the process of the Cold Spray coating formation taking into account the influence of the erosion process. The objective was to study the kinetics of the coating formation. Using an analytical approach, equations of the coating formation process are obtained. The approach is based on a comparison of the effect of particle adhesion to the coating combined with the effect of coating erosion. Adhesion and erosion are taken into account by introducing some probability values of these processes.
Effect of Spraying Parameters on Stainless Steel Particle Velocity and Deposition Efficiency in Cold Spraying
Authors: Sun B. , Huang R.-Z. , Ohno N. , Fukanuma H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the cold spraying process, particle velocity is commonly regarded as the key factor that influences the deposition efficiency and properties of the coating. The present paper reports on a study in which the velocity of in-flight particles was measured using a DPV-2000 system. The influences of He and N2 gas pressure and temperature and particle morphology on the particle velocity and deposition efficiency of the coating using stainless steel 316L powders were studied. The microstructure of the coating was examined using optical microscopy. The critical velocity of stainless steel 316L powders was estimated according to the particle velocity distribution and deposition efficiency of the coating. The experiment results suggested that the gas pressure has a more significant influence on the particle velocity and deposition efficiency of the coating than the gas temperature. The particle morphology also has significant influence on the particle velocity. The critical velocity of stainless steel 316L powders was in the range of 630 to 680 m/s, and it decreased slightly with the gas temperature.
Material and Process Considerations for Developing and Qualifying Repair Coatings for Nickel / Chrome Replacement
Authors: Fitzgerald S. , Edwards C. , Randolph J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
High velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) coatings have been in development for chrome replacement for aerospace applications and implemented for many applications over the past couple of decades. Now that these coatings have become common for newly manufactured parts, the need for repair and overhaul coating thicknesses beyond 0.254 mm (0.010 inch) for rework that traditionally would have thick chrome and nickel build-ups with chrome caps has started to develop. This requirement has been identified for high strength steel landing gear applications and will follow most likely in similar aircraft applications such as flap and slat tracks, actuators and other aircraft support structure. This paper will discuss the development and qualification requirements necessary, and related concerns in order to replace these thick repair coating applications with duplex coatings, or possibly with thick single coating applications that will meet the original design criteria for each part.
Thermal Spray Deposition of Fuel Cell Interconnect Material
Authors: Garcia E. , Coyle T.W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this work two different thermal spray techniques were used to deposit La0.9Sr0.1CrO3 interconnect material: high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) using a modified nozzle and atmospheric plasma spray (APS). Two different APS torches were employed: A commercial torch that uses Ar/H2 as plasma forming gases and a new torch design that uses CO2 gas mixtures. A substitute powder with similar physical properties to La0.9Sr0.1CrO3 was employed for the development and optimization of the process parameters to achieve the highest density before the deposition of the La0.9Sr0.1CrO3 on zirconium oxide substrates. The microstructures observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the phase composition of the coatings obtained from X-ray diffraction analysis are correlated to the spraying characteristics of the different techniques employed. The electrical resistivity of the as-sprayed coatings is discussed in terms of microstructure features and the phase composition. Post-deposition heat treatments were studied in order to reduce the electrical resistivity.
Comparison of Atmospheric Plasma Sprayed Anode Layers for SOFCs Using Different Feedstock
Authors: Hathiramani D. , Vaßen R. , Stöver D. , Damani R.J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Atmospheric plasma spraying is a cost effective way to produce SOFC components. Doing so, sinter steps can be avoided, which is essential once a metallic support is used for the SOFC. Several properties are required regarding the micro structure of an optimized anode layer. Here gas permeability, electrochemistry, electronic conductivity, coefficient of thermal expansion as well as thermal shock resistance has to be considered. Different types of powder feedstock were investigated to develop an atmospheric plasma sprayed anode layer: (i) NiO or Ni together with YSZ as starting materials, (ii) agglomerates in which NiO and YSZ are already mixed on a sub-micrometer range, (iii) blended NiO/YSZ powder, (iv) separate injection of the individual NiO and YSZ powders, respectively into the plasma by two separate powder lines. The performance of APS anodes are measured in single fuel cell tests. Anode layers sprayed by a separate injection of the individual NiO and YSZ powders into the plasma show the best results.
The Recent Thermal Barrier Coating System in Gas Turbine
Authors: Kasumi S. , Takahashi T. , Kurimura T. , Mega M. , Torigoe T. , Narita J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The thermal barrier coating (TBC) system is currently a standard technology of gas turbine hot gas path parts to achieve a highly reliable long life operation of engines for a power supply. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD. (MHI) has applied the TBC on the gas turbine blades, vanes and combustor parts. TBC system consists of MCrAlY as a bondcoat for oxidation protection at elevated temperature and YSZ (yttria stabilized zirconia) as a topcoat for efficient thermal barrier. The conditions where TBC has been in service are at the temperature up to 1500°C and with combustion gas environment. As far as the blades and the vanes are concerned, the MCrAlY bondcoat is coated by low pressure plasma spray (LPPS) or high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) system, and the YSZ topcoat is coated by atmospheric plasma spray (APS) system. In the case of the combustor parts, both the MCrAlY bondcoat and the YSZ topcoat are coated by APS. To increase the reliability and prolong the service life of the applied TBC in the gas turbine, it is very important to verify the coating properties, optimize the coating process parameters and control the coating process.
Effect of Substrate Temperature and Droplet Characteristics on Plasma Sprayed Zirconia Splats
Authors: Salimijazi H.R. , Pershin L. , Coyle T.W. , Mostaghimi J. , Rosenzweig L. , Moran E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The current study has been focused on the final morphology of atmospheric plasma sprayed 8% yttria stabilized zirconia single splats. Single splats of two different sizes (-25 µm and +25/-45 µm) of ZrO2 8Y2O3 powder have been collected on polished stainless steel substrates at three different temperatures (Room, 300°C, and 600°C). The splat morphology and diameter, satellite particles, and splashing behavior were investigated using both scanning electron microscopy and image analysis software. The splat/substrate interface and splat curl up were studied from cross-sections prepared by focused ion beam milling. Results showed primarily pancake morphology and no evidence of delamination along the splat/substrate interface at 300oC substrate temperature and 100 mm spray distance. Overlapped splats showed evidence of melting (microwelding) at the splat boundaries. Splat thickness was measured to be less than 1 µm for all spray conditions. Roughness profiles of the surface of the deposited splats indicated microcracks had formed within the splats. Image analysis results exhibited a higher volume fraction of the splats relative to satellite particles at longer spray distance and higher substrate temperature. The average splat diameter increased as the substrate temperature increased.
Development Of Thin And Gastight Ceramic Coatings By Atmospheric Plasma-Spraying
Authors: Vaßen R. , Stöver D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The manufacture of thin (&lt; 100 µm) and different, dense ceramic layers by atmospheric plasma spraying can be achieved by using appropriate coating conditions. Major process parameters are certainly particle temperature and velocity and also substrate temperature. Hence, the particle properties have been controlled and optimized by the use of particle diagnostic tools, the substrate temperature was controlled by the use of pyrometers. Another important parameter is the choice of an appropriate powder to avoid cracks and pores in the coating. In the paper the influence of the mentioned parameters will be discussed and several examples of dense coatings given. Applications in the field of solid oxide fuel cells, environmental barrier coatings, and membranes will be described.