bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Der Frontarzt Ernst Jolowicz (1882–1958) über die Kriegsneurosen im Ersten Weltkrieg
Authors: Bornemann Georg , Steinberg Holger 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Fragestellung
Der deutsch-jüdische Nervenarzt Ernst Jolowicz (1882–1958) wirkte während des Ersten Weltkrieges als Militärarzt an der West- und Ostfront. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht erstmals seine in dieser Zeit entstandenen Arbeiten über Kriegsneurosen.

Material und Methoden
Die Primärquellen des Autors werden analysiert und unter Zuhilfenahme einschlägiger Fachliteratur vor dem Hintergrund damaliger nervenärztlicher sowie militärmedizinischer Entwicklungen verortet.

Ergebnisse und Diskussion
Die Studie erweitert das bisher von der Medizinhistorie gezeichnete Bild der Nervenärzte des Ersten Weltkrieges um eine originäre Facette: In seinen Aufsätzen postulierte Jolowicz, dass grundsätzlich jeder – und nicht etwa nur Menschen mit „minderwertigen Anlagen“ – eine psychische Erkrankung entwickeln könne. Damit widersprach er der damals üblichen sozialdarwinistischen Auffassung über die Entstehung von Kriegsneurosen. Bemerkenswert ist darüber hinaus seine statistische Arbeit zu über 5000 Fällen kriegsneurotischer Soldaten, welche als früher Versuch empirischer Forschung gelten kann.
A novel imaging scoring method for identifying facial canal dehiscence: an ultra-high-resolution CT study
Authors: Tang Ruowei , Zhang Zhengyu , Zhao Pengfei , Zhao Lei , Xu Ning , Yin Hongxia , Yang Zhenghan , Wang Zhenchang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesFacial canal dehiscence (FCD), typically found in the tympanic segment, is a risk factor for facial nerve injury. An imaging scoring method was proposed to identify FCD based on ultra-high-resolution CT.MethodsForty patients (21 females and 19 males, mean age 44.3 ± 17.4 years), whose tympanic facial canal (FC) was examined during otological surgery, were divided into the FCD group (n= 29) and the control group (n= 11) based on surgical findings. Imaging appearance of tympanic FC was scored 0–3: 0 = no evident bony covering, 1 = discontinuous bony covering with linear deficiency, 2 = discontinuous bony covering with dotted deficiency, and 3 = continuous bony covering. Both lateral and inferior walls were assigned a score as LFCDand IFCD, respectively. An FCD score was calculated as LFCD+ IFCD.The diagnostic value of the FCD score was tested using the ROC curve.ResultsThe inter-observer agreement was moderate for the lateral wall (Cohen’s κ coefficient 0.416, 95% CI 0.193–0.639), and good for the inferior wall (Cohen’s κ coefficient 0.702, 95% CI 0.516–0.888). In the FCD group, the most common appearance for both walls was discontinuous bony covering with linear deficiency (LFCD= 1, 22/29, 75.9%; IFCD= 1, 15/29, 51.7%). An FCD score of less than 4 was associated with high sensitivity (0.82) and specificity (0.93) for identifying FCD, with an AUC of 0.928.ConclusionsUsing the proposed scoring method, FCD score < 4 could identify FCD of the tympanic segment with high concordance with surgical findings.Key Points• Imaging appearance of the tympanic facial canal (FC) is divided into four types based on ultra-high-resolution CT images.• The most common appearance of FC with facial canal dehiscence (FCD) is discontinuous bony covering with linear deficiency.• An FCD score, consisting of scores of the lateral and inferior walls, less than 4 is highly indicative of FCD.
Metabolic changes induced by Cuscuta campestris Yunck in the host species Artemisia campestris subsp. variabilis (Ten.) Greuter as a strategy for successful parasitisation
Authors: Landi Marco , Misra Biswapriya B. , Nocito Fabio Francesco , Lucchini Giorgio , Bruno Leonardo , Malara Angela , Abenavoli Maria Rosa , Araniti Fabrizio 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Main conclusions
C. campestris parasitisation increases internal host defences at the expense of environmentally directed ones in the host species A. campestris, thus limiting plant defence against progressive parasitisation.

Abstract
Cuscuta campestris Yunck is a holoparasitic species that parasitises wild species and crops. Among their hosts, Artemisia campestris subsp. variabilis (Ten.) Greuter is significantly affected in natural ecosystems. Limited information is available on the host recognition mechanism and there are no data on the interactions between these species and the effects on the primary and specialised metabolism in response to parasitisation. The research aims at evaluating the effect of host–parasite interactions, through a GC–MS untargeted metabolomic analysis, chlorophyll a fluorescence, ionomic and δ13C measurements, as well as volatile organic compound (VOC) fingerprint in A. campestris leaves collected in natural environment. C. campestris parasitisation altered plant water status, forcing stomatal opening, stimulating plant transpiration, and inducing physical damages to the host antenna complex, thus reducing the efficiency of its photosynthetic machinery. Untargeted-metabolomics analysis highlighted that the parasitisation significantly perturbed the amino acids and sugar metabolism, inducing an increase in the production of osmoprotectants, which generally accumulate in plants as a protective strategy against oxidative stress. Notably, VOCs analysis highlighted a reduction in sesquiterpenoids and an increase in monoterpenoids levels; involved in plant defence and host recognition, respectively. Moreover, C. campestris induced in the host a reduction in 3-hexenyl-acetate, a metabolite with known repellent activity against Cuscuta spp. We offer evidences that C. campestris parasitisation increases internal host defences via primary metabolites at the expense of more effective defensive compounds (secondary metabolites), thus limiting A. campestris defence against progressive parasitisation.
Use of pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in patients with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) results in monofollicular ovulation and high cumulative live birth rates: a 25-year cohort
Authors: Quaas Philipp , Quaas Alexander M. , Fischer Manuel , De Geyter Christian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Purpose
To analyze outcomes of pulsatile administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in infertile women diagnosed with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA).

Methods
A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted from 1996 to 2020. Sixty-six patients with the diagnosis FHA that underwent therapy using the pulsatile GnRH pump for conception were included and analyzed. The primary outcome was the live birth rate (LBR). Secondary outcomes were the number of dominant follicles, ovulation rate, biochemical pregnancy rate (BPR), clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), miscarriage rate, and multiple pregnancy rate. A matched control group was selected to compare the birth weight of newborn children.

Results
During the study period, 66 patients with FHA underwent 82 treatments (14 of 66 patients had more than one treatment) and a total of 212 cycles (ovulation induction attempts) using pulsatile GnRH. The LBR per treatment was 65.9%. The ovulation rate per cycle was 96%, and monofollicular ovulation was observed in 75% of cycles. The BPR per treatment was 80.5%, and the cumulative CPR per treatment was 74.4%. The miscarriage rate was 11.5%. One dizygotic twin pregnancy was observed (1.6%). Average newborn birth weight (NBW) from patients with FHA was comparable to the control group.

Conclusion(s)
In patients with FHA, excellent pregnancy rates were achieved using the subcutaneous GnRH pump. The high cumulative LBR with normal NBW as well as low rates of multiple gestation indicate that the pulsatile GnRH pump represents a safer and more physiologic alternative to ovulation induction with injectable gonadotropins.

Trial registration

Ethics Committee Northwest and Central Switzerland (Ethikkommission Nordwest- und Zentralschweiz - EKNZ) - Project-ID 2020-01612.
Empathy is not so perfect! -For a descriptive and wide conception of empathy
Authors: Malbois Elodie , Hurst-Majno S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPhysician empathy is considered essential for good clinical care. Empirical evidence shows that it correlates with better patient satisfaction, compliance, and clinical outcomes. These data have nevertheless been criticized because of a lack of consistency and reliability. In this paper, we claim that these issues partly stem from the widespread idealization of empathy: we mistakenly assume that physician empathy always contributes to good care. This has prevented us from agreeing on a definition of empathy, from understanding the effects of its different components and from exploring its limits. This is problematic because physicians’ ignorance of the risks of empathy and of strategies to manage them can impact their work and wellbeing negatively. To address this problem, we explore the effects of the potential components of empathy and argue that it should be conceived as a purely descriptive and wide term. We end by discussing implications for medical education.
How do women face the emergency following a disaster? A PRISMA 2020 systematic review
Authors: Pérez-Gañán Rocío , Dema Moreno Sandra , González Arias Rosario , Cocina Díaz Virginia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe aim of the study is to conduct a systematic analysis of scientific articles from a social sciences perspective that focus on the role of women as active subjects during an emergency, particularly in terms of evacuation actions in the aftermath of disasters of natural origin. The methology used in the present literature review was designed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2020) guidelines. The databases used were Web of Science and SCOPUS. This systematic review comprises the 25 articles which met our selection criteria out of the 63,852 studies initially found in the search. Although the progressive incorporation of a gender perspective can be seen in the academic study of disasters within the field of social sciences, the scientific production, especially with reference to the emergency phase, remains scant. The current literature reveals the importance of taking into account the knowledge women have, as well as how they behave following a disaster of natural origin. The results of the analysis carried out demonstrate that in making visible how gender roles operate during the early response period in an emergency, especially in relation to the role played by women as active subjects, the traditional notion of rescue is extended. On the basis of this analysis, recommendations are made which can facilitate an approach to disaster risk management that guarantees gender equality in an emergency.
Shark depredation: future directions in research and management
Authors: Mitchell J. D. , Drymon J. M. , Vardon J. , Coulson P. G. , Simpfendorfer C. A. , Scyphers S. B. , Kajiura S. M. , Hoel K. , Williams S. , Ryan K. L. , Barnett A. , Heupel M. R. , Chin A. , Navarro M. , Langlois T. , Ajemian M. J. , Gilman E. , Prasky E. , Jackson G. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractShark depredation is a complex social-ecological issue that affects a range of fisheries worldwide. Increasing concern about the impacts of shark depredation, and how it intersects with the broader context of fisheries management, has driven recent research in this area, especially in Australia and the United States. This review synthesises these recent advances and provides strategic guidance for researchers aiming to characterise the occurrence of depredation, identify the shark species responsible, and test deterrent and management approaches to reduce its impacts. Specifically, the review covers the application of social science approaches, as well as advances in video camera and genetic methods for identifying depredating species. The practicalities and considerations for testing magnetic, electrical, and acoustic deterrent devices are discussed in light of recent research. Key concepts for the management of shark depredation are reviewed, with recommendations made to guide future research and policy development. Specific management responses to address shark depredation are lacking, and this review emphasizes that a “silver bullet” approach for mitigating depredation does not yet exist. Rather, future efforts to manage shark depredation must rely on a diverse range of integrated approaches involving those in the fishery (fishers, scientists and fishery managers), social scientists, educators, and other stakeholders.
How institutional solutions meant to increase diversity in science fail
Authors: Koskinen Inkeri 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPhilosophers of science have in recent years presented arguments in favour of increasing cognitive diversity, diversity of social locations, and diversity of values and interests in science. Some of these arguments align with important aims in contemporary science policy. The policy aims have led to the development of institutional measures and instruments that are supposed to increase diversity in science and in the governance of science. The links between the philosophical arguments and the institutional measures have not gone unnoticed. Philosophers have even explicitly suggested that institutional measures could be used to increase diversity in science. But philosophical criticisms of the existing institutional instruments have also been presented. Here I review some recent case studies in which philosophers examine actual attempts to increase diversity in science by using institutional measures implemented from the top down—attempts that have failed in one way or another. These studies examine attempts to involve citizens or stakeholders in the governance of science and technology and attempts to increase the number of interdisciplinary collaborations. They draw attention to the limitations of such instruments, calling into question the most optimistic visions of using institutional instruments to increase diversity in science.
Paleo-environmental study of the Raniganj and Barakar Formations: Implications from the Geochemical and Geomechanical Aspects of Sandstone and Shale
Authors: Rahman Tabish , Sarkar Kripamoy , Niyogi Anurag , Mahanandia Akash , Ahmad Sakir 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
The study considers the impact of the degree of weathered material constituting the sedimentary rocks on the strength of the Lower Gondwana coal measure rocks. The dependence of the strength of primary rocks on the alteration indices has been previously studied, but it is unknown for secondary/ sedimentary rocks. Therefore, in this paper, Lower Gondwana coal measure rocks (sandstone and shale) from the most productive coalfields of India, the Barakar and Raniganj coalfields, have been studied geochemically and geomechanically to find out their correlation. Geochemically, the study revealed that an arid, non-marine, and deltaic depositional environment prevailed during the sedimentation of Barakar and Raniganj Formations. The provenance was deduced to be mafic igneous. It was also deduced that the Lower Gondwana sandstone is clay-rich, and the sandstone samples fall in the shale field in the chemical classification scheme for terrigenous clastic sediments. The weathering indices, along with the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) of the Barakar and Raniganj Formation coal measure rocks, have been assessed. The dependence of UCS on the weathering indices has been evaluated, and positive relationships were obtained.
Cluster Analysis of Mineral-chemical Data of Basaltic Rocks from Linga, Eastern Deccan Volcanic Province (EDVP) and its Petrogenetic Implications
Authors: Ganguly Sohini , Dey Payel , Ray Jyotisankar , Talukdar Srijita , Saha Aritrika , Koeberl Christian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Cluster analysis studies based on electron microprobe data of phenocryst mineral phases (namely olivine, clinopyroxene and plagioclase) of basaltic rocks around Linga (21° 58' N: 78° 56' E), eastern Deccan volcanic province have been carried out for the first time. Based on highly significant correlation coefficients obtained for relevant major oxides of phenocrystal mineral phases, it is suggested that mineralogical parameters such as Fo% in olivine, Ca/Mg# in clinopyroxene and An% of plagioclase play important role to decipher the evolution of the phase chemistry. Those highly significant major oxides were subjected to multivariate statistical analysis, involving hierarchical segmentation, cluster analysis and construction of dendrograms. For each of the minerals, the clusters decrease systematically. The ultimate cluster patterns may either correspond to liquid immiscibility-related intraflow chemical variation or to multiple staged magmatic emplacements.
Study of Local Site Conditions for Seismic Hazard Assessment at the BHU Campus, Varanasi, North India, using Ambient Noise Measurements
Authors: Kumari Sangeeta , Singh A.P , Shankar Uma , Pratap Birender , Gupta Arun Kumar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The ambient noise measurement approach has been applied for detailed seismic hazard mapping in the Banaras Hindu University (BHU), campus, Varanasi. Thirty three single stations, two standard penetration tests (SPT), and two array micro tremor measurements were carried out to determine the local site characteristics. In this study, H/V spectral ratio confirms that the sites have an average predominant frequency of around 0.53Hz and an average amplitude of 7.94. These resonant frequencies are related to the thickness of the sediments in the region. Based on the available lithological data and estimated sub-surface structures, shallow and deeper cross-sections through two profiles within the BHU campus are presented. The estimated shallow sub-surface structures are correlated with 150 m boreholes data for a better understanding of sub-soil stratification. These studies show the presence of clay up to a depth of ~40 m, mixed with sand and pebbles at some locations, followed by layers of sand, and clay with pebbles ~200 m. Findings of the present study are also well correlated with inverted shear wave velocity profiles. The Vs observed from the array measurements and N-value from standard penetration test (SPT) are positively correlated to each other and give a better understating of Vs. Thus, the inverted 1-D shear velocity models clearly show low shear wave velocity having sediment thickness of 30 to 40 meters. Finally, fundamental frequency, amplification, vulnerability index, and shear wave velocity maps are presented. Additionally, the borehole data are used to calibrate the results of the present study of the shallow sub-surface structure. Subsequently, computed maps are a very useful tool for engineers to quantify the intensity of earthquake ground motion, which will be helpful to determine the capacity of buildings to resist earthquakes.
Delineation of Coal Bed Geometry using High Resolution Seismic Reflection Data for Uninterrupted Directional Drilling Exploration
Authors: Dhanam K. , Mysaiah D. , Kishore P. Pavan , Seshunarayana T. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The utilization of innovative technology by the coal mine industry requires proper guidance of sub-surface information so that it can provide uninterrupted exploration with less time and minimum cost. Sufficient knowledge about the coal beds that is variation of thickness, depth, and associated structures will facilitate the mine engineer to run machinery systematically. Conventional geological reports based on borehole data may not sufficient to adopt state-of-the-art drilling technology. To address these issues, high-resolution seismic survey (HRSS) was conducted to delineate the thickness of coal seams and mapping of structural features which are associated with coal seams. An effort was made to demonstrate the high-resolution seismic reflection study for picking of minor faults locations and thickness of coal seams in the central part of the Sohagpur, Gondwana basin that occurs at the junction of the Mahanadi and Son-Narmada rift systems in central India. The study reveals thick Barakar Formation and coal seams at a depth range of 300 to 550 meters. The thickness of coal seams and the location of minor faults were interpreted with the help of attribute analysis from the seismic sections. The obtained results from the seismic survey were useful for the selection of potential target zones which are favourable for drilling.
Seismic Image Enhancement from Principal Component Analysis: A Case Study from KG Basin
Authors: Ramesh Animireddy , Satyavani Nittala 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In exploration seismology, it is extremely important to enhance the image of the sub-surface in terms of geological features by suppressing the noise. The weighted stacking methods are found to be superior to the conventional stacking and result in good quality seismic images. The weighted stacking process based on principal component analysis (PCA) is employed in the present study to enhance the seismic image from the Krishna-Godavari (KG) basin, India. In present study, the weights are calculated by thresholding the similarities between each data trace and PCA based reference trace. The study demonstrates the efficacy of the method and shows considerable improvement in the resolution of the seismic reflections. The identification of the migration pathways within the gas curtains reported earlier, has become easy and clarity is enhanced for the identification of migration and accumulation of free gas in the downslope region of the seismic image.
Mineralogy and Chemistry of Lakshanhatti Dolomite of Proterozoic Kaladgi Basin, Karnataka, India
Authors: Jayappagol Raju 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The dolomites of Lakshanhatti Dolomite Member of Simikeri Subgroup of the Proterozoic Kaladgi Basin of Karnataka are medium to fine grained, compact and massive crystalline rocks, and are characterized by stromatolitic and cherty laminations. They are composed mainly of dolomite mineral with traces of calcite and quartz. The MgO content of these dolomites is almost uniform, and varies between 19.57 and 21.35%, while their CaO content varies widely from 30.24 to 38.39%. They are characterized by low SiO2 (av. 0.47%) and Al2O3 contents, indicating negligible amount of detrital quartz and clay fractions in dolomites. The higher contents of Fe (av. 5225 ppm) and Mn (av. 179 ppm) suggest for their substitution in Mg/Ca cations during dolomitization. The values of MgO (av. 20.47%), CaO (av. 35.07%) and insolubles like SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 (av. 1.31%) categorize these dolomites as refractory grade. It is inferred that the dolomites with stromatolitic structures were formed as primary precipitates due to microbial activity and minor evaporation in a tidal flat shallow marine environment, while the secondary dolomites were formed by the replacement of limestone during burial and diagenesis.
Sediment Yield Assessment, Prioritization and Control Practices in Chambal River Basin Employing SYI Model
Authors: Kumar Rohit , Naqvi Hasan Raja , Devrani Rahul , Deshmukh Benidhar , Huang Jr-Chuan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Sediment yield is the result of all sediment production and transport processes. Recent technological developments and increasing availability of global environmental datasets, including earth observation data, provide an opportunity to systematically examine the relationship between sediment yield and controlling catchment variables by employing geographic information system (GIS). The Sediment yield index (SYI) method is employed using soil texture, topography, rainfall erosivity, geomorphology and landuse-landcover parameters to compute the spatial distribution of sediment yield rate and plan soil conservation and prioritize watershed in the Chambal river basin. The model does not provide absolute sediment yield value and can be only used for qualitative purposes. The present study estimated the sediment yield rate between 560-2625 ton/ha/yr with an average value of 1608.89 ton/ ha/yr and severe, very high, high, moderate, and low priority zones. The priority levels are determined based on average sediment yield values and conservation approaches are proposed for all the catchments.