bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relapsing subarachnoid hemorrhage as a clinical manifestation in microscopic polyangiitis: a case report and literature review
Authors: Xie Jingjing , Jia Ertao , Wang Suli , Yu Ye , Li Zhiling , Zhang Jianyong , Li Jia 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is a systemic small-vessel vasculitis associated with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) and predominantly causes kidney and pulmonary injuries. Subarachnoid hemorrhage, a life-threatening manifestation of the central nervous system (CNS), rarely occurs in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). We report the case of a young man with spontaneous SAH recurrence and active nephritis. The patient was treated with a glucocorticoid pulse and intravenous cyclophosphamide (CTX) in combination with decreasing cerebral perfusion pressure and analgesic therapy. All the patients’ symptoms except the proteinuria resolved. We reviewed the clinical characteristics of 34 previously reported cases of SAH with AAV, comprising six cases of MPA, eight cases of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), and 19 cases of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), and one case of unclassified AAV. All the cases showed features of active vasculitis. Concomitant nephritis and peripheral neuropathy were found in the MPA and EGPA cases with SAH, respectively. Renal and pulmonary manifestations were predominant in the patients with GPA and SAH. Ten patients had aneurysmal abnormalities, and six patients had cardiac abnormalities. Thirty-one patients were treated with glucocorticoids, and 18 patients received concurrent immunosuppressants. Patients with SAH had a mortality rate of 38.2%. The presence of cerebrovascular events or cardiac involvement in patients with AAV and SAH is associated with increased mortality of 64.3%. Our study indicates that SAH should be cautioned as a disease occurring in patients with AAV. Early diagnosis with aggressive immunosuppressive therapy can help improve the prognosis of patients with SAH.
The Dark Side of Leader Narcissism: The Relationship Between Leaders’ Narcissistic Rivalry and Abusive Supervision
Authors: Gauglitz Iris K. , Schyns Birgit , Fehn Theresa , Schütz Astrid 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNarcissists often attain leadership positions, but at the same time do not care for others and often engage in unethical behaviors. We therefore explored the role of leader narcissism as an antecedent of abusive supervision, a form of unethical leadership. We based our study on the narcissistic admiration and rivalry concept (NARC) and proposed a direct positive effect of leaders’ narcissistic rivalry—the maladaptive narcissism dimension—on abusive supervision. In line with trait activation and threatened egotism theory, we also proposed a moderated mediation assuming that leaders high in narcissistic rivalry would be particularly prone to showing abusive supervision in reaction to followers’ supervisor-directed deviance, as this form of follower behavior would threaten their self-esteem. We conducted a field study with leader–follower dyads (Study 1) and an experimental vignette study with leaders (Study 2). Leaders’ narcissistic rivalry was positively related to abusive supervision (intentions) in both studies. This effect was independent of followers’ supervisor-directed deviance and leaders’ perceived self-esteem threat. We discuss our findings in light of the NARC, as well as threatened egotism theory, and offer directions for future research. Finally, we make practical recommendations for organizations.
Who Has a Seat at the Table in Impact Investing? Addressing Inequality by Giving Voice
Authors: Casasnovas Guillermo , Jones Jessica 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDespite recognizing the importance of impact investing in combating complex societal challenges, researchers have yet to examine the capacity of the field to address systemic inequality. While impact investments are intended to benefit vulnerable stakeholders, the voices of those stakeholders are generally overlooked in the design and implementation of such investments. To resolve this oversight, we theorize how the fields’ design—through its tools, organizations, and field-level bodies—influences its capacity to address inequality by focusing on the concept of giving voice, which we define as the inclusive participation of vulnerable stakeholders in decision-making processes. We build from stakeholder engagement research to show how the design of impact investing can address inequality using three illustrative cases: social impact bonds, impact investing funds, and national advisory boards. We conclude with a discussion of how the ethical decision of giving voice to vulnerable stakeholders will determine the capacity of the field to address inequality, as well as provide implications for future research and practice.
How to Undo (and Redo) Words with Facts: A Semio-enactivist Approach to Law, Space and Experience
Authors: Ricca Mario 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this essay both the facts/values and facticity/normativity divides are considered from the perspective of global semiotics and with specific regard to the relationships between legal meaning and spatial scope of law’s experience. Through an examination of the inner and genetic projective significance of categorization, I will analyze the semantic dynamics of the descriptive parts comprising legal sentences in order to show the intermingling of factual and axiological/teleological categorizations in the unfolding of legal experience. Subsequently, I will emphasize the translational and enactive cognitive disposition underlying the construction of the second premise of the so-called judiciary syllogism and thereby the untenability of the idea that ‘law makes its facts.’ Hence, I will try to bring to the fore the cultural pre-assumptions encapsulated in the positivistic and therefore also formalistic or analytical approaches to legal experience and the loss of their inner consistency when legal experience confronts the phases and major changes of global semiotics. Finally, I will strive to relativize the opposition between the positivist and non-positivistic theories of law in view of an understanding of legal experience focused not only, or at least not primarily, on what ‘law is’ but also on ‘how’ it unwinds through, andin spite of, environmental and semantic transformations.
Antagonistic Effect of Plant Growth-Promoting Fungi Against Fusarium Wilt Disease in Tomato: In vitro and In vivo Study
Authors: Attia Mohamed S. , El-Wakil Deiaa A. , Hashem Amr H. , Abdelaziz Amer M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFusarium wilt is considered one of the most destructive diseases for tomato plants. The novelty of this work was to investigate the antifungal and plant growth-promoting capabilities of some plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF). Plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF) improved the plant health and control plant infections. In this study, two fungal strains as PGPF were isolated and identified as Aspergillus fumigatus and Rhizopus oryzae using molecular method. The extracts of A. fumigatus and R. oryzae exhibited promising antifungal activity against F. oxysporum in vitro. Moreover, antagonistic effect of A. fumigatus and R. oryzae against F. oxysporum causing tomato wilt disease was evaluated in vivo. Disease severity and growth markers were recorded and in vitro antagonistic activity assay of the isolated A. fumigatus and R. oryzae against Fusarium oxysporum was measured. Physiological markers of defense in plant as response to stimulate systemic resistance (SR) were recorded. Our results indicated that A. fumigatus and R. oryzae decreased the percentage of disease severity by 12.5 and 37.5%, respectively. In addition, they exhibited relatively high protection percentage of 86.35 and 59.06% respectively. Fusarium wilt was declined the growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, total soluble carbohydrate, and total soluble protein, whereas content of free proline, total phenols, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes activity increased under infection. Moreover, application of A. fumigatus and R. oryzae on infected plants successfully recovered the loss of morphological traits, photosynthetic pigment total carbohydrates, and total soluble proteins in comparison to infected control plants. PGPF strains in both non-infected and infected plants showed several responses in number and density of peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) isozymes.
The Biochemical Effects of Silver Nanoparticles and Spirulina Extract on Experimentally Induced Prostatic Cancer in Rats
Authors: El-Magid Afaf D. Abd , AbdEl-Hamid Omnia M. , Younes M. A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most diagnosed cancer in 112 countries and the second leading cause of death in men in 48 countries. We studied the outstanding agents silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and Spirulina algae (Sp) for the management of PCa once as monotherapy or last as a combination. PCa in rats was induced using bicalutamide (Casodex®) and testosterone, followed by (7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene). Then, testosterone was injected s.c. for 3 months. Rats were divided into six groups, with 12 rats in each group. Group I was assigned as the control (co), group II as the PCa model, group III treated with AgNPs, group IV treated with Spirulina extract, group V treated with a combination of AgNPs plus Spirulina, and group VI treated with bicalutamide. The results show that AgNPs could normalize IL-6 levels and could overcome the hormonal disturbance induced in PCa rats along the hypothalamic–pituitary–testis axis. Spirulina revealed a significant reduction in the level of total and free prostatic specific antigen (PSA) to the same level as bicalutamide treatment, which was the same as the control group. Histopathological study revealed regression (75%) of the histological pattern of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) for Spirulina alone, and (50%) for bicalutamide. The best effect on IL-6 decline was reached with the AgNPs/Spirulina combination as well as bicalutamide treatment compared with the PCa group. Bicalutamide treatment significantly decreased the PSA concentration relative to the PCa group and reached the normal level. Adding Spirulina to AgNPs as a combination enhanced its effect on all mentioned drawbacks associated with PCa except hormonal imbalance that needs more adjustments.
How to approach clinically discordant FT4 results when changing testing platforms: real-world evidence
Authors: Giovanella Luca , Duntas Leonidas , D’Aurizio Federica , Kurka Hedwig , Ammer Tatjana , Rank Christopher M. , Visser W. Edward , van den Berg Sjoerd A. A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Measurement of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) is important for assessing thyroid dysfunction. After changing assay manufacturer, high FT4 versus TSH levels were reported at Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC; Bellinzona, Switzerland).

Methods
Exploratory analysis used existing TSH and FT4 measurements taken at EOC during routine clinical practice (February 2018–April 2020) using Elecsys® TSH and Elecsys FT4 III immunoassays on cobas® 6000 and cobas 8000 analyzers (Roche Diagnostics). Reference intervals (RIs) were estimated using both direct and indirect (refineR algorithm) methods.

Results
In samples with normal TSH levels, 90.9% of FT4 measurements were within the normal range provided by Roche (12–22 pmol/L). For FT4 measurements, confidence intervals (CIs) for the lower end of the RI obtained using direct and indirect methods were lower than estimated values in the method sheet; the estimated value of the upper end of the RI (UEoRI) in the method sheet was within the CI for the UEoRI using the direct method but not the indirect method. CIs for the direct and indirect methods overlapped at both ends of the RI. The most common cause of increased FT4 with normal TSH was identified in a subset of patients as use of thyroxine therapy (72.6%).

Conclusions
It is important to verify RIs for FT4 in the laboratory population when changing testing platforms; indirect methods may constitute a convenient tool for this. Applying specific RIs for selected subpopulations should be considered to avoid misinterpretations and inappropriate clinical actions.
Uncovering dimensions of the impact of blockchain technology in supply chain management
Authors: Tokkozhina Ulpan , Lucia Martins Ana , Ferreira Joao C. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Supply chains around the globe are faced with difficulties and disruptions due to the worldwide pandemic situation and digital solutions are needed. There is significant research interest in the implementation of blockchain technology (BCT) for supply chain management (SCM). A challenge that remains is analyzing the interactions of BCT in different areas of SCM. This study aims to identify the influential dimensions of the impact of BCT adoption in SCM and to discuss the synergetic and counter-synergetic effects between these dimensions. Advantages, disadvantages, and constraints of adopting BCT in the SCM context are explored through a systematic literature review, which provides the foundation for identifying the dimensions of impact. The interactions between these dimensions are conceptually discussed. This study introduces three dimensions of the impact of implementing BCT in SCM: ‘operations and processes’, ‘supply chain relationships’, and ‘innovation and data access’. These dimensions are interrelated and have overlapping areas within them, which leads to synergetic and counter-synergetic effects. The overlaps and synergies of the three dimensions of impact are illustrated, and the virtuous and vicious cycles of BCT adoption in SCM cases are highlighted. This study assists scholars and practitioners by clarifying the synergetic relationships within the dimensions of the impact of BCT in SCM and by providing considerations to prevent undesirable effects and expand desired ones.
Single Track Geometry Prediction of Laser Metal Deposited 316L-Si Via Multi-Physics Modelling and Regression Analysis with Experimental Validation
Authors: Biyikli Merve , Karagoz Taner , Calli Metin , Muslim Talha , Ozalp A. Alper , Bayram Ali 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLaser metal deposition (LMD) is an additive manufacturing process used in manufacturing freeform geometries, repair applications, coating and surface modification, fabrication of functionally graded materials. It has a broad range of applications in various industries, including aviation, space, defence, automotive, tooling, etc. In this work, a multi-physics model of the LMD process was developed to rapidly predict the geometrical characteristics of the single clad track using the commercial software package Flow-3D. The volume of fluid (VOF) method was integrated to differentiate the interface between the metallic and gaseous cells. To validate the numerical model single bead tracks were deposited, and cross-sections of the beads were analysed. Mathematical formulae to predict different aspects of the single clad track (height, width, and depth) were derived using regression analysis. The influence of the process parameters on the geometrical characteristics of the single clad track was analysed in detail using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Both multi-physics model and mathematical regression model results were compared to the experimental measurements. The results were in good agreement with the experimental results.
Graphical abstract
Design of IR zoom lens system for long-range detection in uncooled LWIR camera
Authors: Mowafy Khaled , EL-Dessouky Tawfik , Medhat Mohamed 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA new compact optical zoom lens system with variable focal length 100–200 mm for uncooled LWIR (8–12 μm) camera is designed. It is used for long-range detection. The optimized IR zoom lens consists of four group elements. The F/# of the zoom system is F/1.4 at all zoom positions. Its performance reaches the diffraction limit at each focal length position. Moreover, optical design and image quality are calculated by ZEMAX optical software. The imaging quality performance is steady during zoom process. In addition to the above benefits, the optimized IR zoom lens is light and compact (200 mm) with 4 lenses and only one of them has diffractive surface to lower production cost. Upon applying anti-reflection coating, the total transmittance of the optical system is enhanced from 2 to 99% at λ = 10 µm.
Analysis of the global trade network using exponential random graph models
Authors: Setayesh Amin , Sourati Hassan Zadeh Zhivar , Bahrak Behnam 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe global trade network has significant importance in analyzing countries’ economic exchanges. Therefore, studying the global trade network and the factors influencing its structure is helpful for both economists and political decision makers. Putting these in mind, we try to analyze the global trade network from various viewpoints. We use the backbone filtering methods to construct a network of essential trades between countries. We analyze the structural, economic, geographical, political, and cultural factors and their effect on the global trade network using exponential random graph models. Additionally, we analyze the global trade network evolution using the separable temporal exponential random models. Our results show multiple structural, economic, geographical, and political factors affect the global trade network structure.
Atomic Force Microscope with an Adjustable Probe Direction and Integrated Sensing and Actuation
Authors: Schaude Janik , Hausotte Tino 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article presents the application and evaluation of a cantilever with integrated sensing and actuation as part of an atomic force microscope (AFM) with an adjustable probe direction, which is integrated into a nano measuring machine (NMM-1). The AFM, which is operated in closed-loop intermittent contact mode, is based on two rotational axes that enable the adjustment of the probe direction to cover a complete hemisphere. The axes greatly enlarge the metrology frame of the measuring system by materials with a comparatively high coefficient of thermal expansion, which ultimately limits the achievable measurement uncertainty of the measuring system. Thus, to reduce the thermal sensitivity of the system, the redesign of the rotational kinematics is mandatory. However, in this article, some preliminary investigations on the application of a self-sensing cantilever with an integrated micro heater for its stimulation will be presented. In previous investigations, a piezoelectric actuator has been applied to stimulate the cantilever. However, the removal of the piezoelectric actuator, which is enabled by the application of a cantilever with an integrated micro heater, promises an essential simplification of the sensor holder. Thus, in the future it might be possible to use materials with a low coefficient of thermal expansion, which are often difficult to machine and therefore only allow for rather simple geometries. Furthermore, because of the creepage of piezoelectric actuators, their removal from the metrology frame might lead to improved metrological characteristics. As will be shown, there are no significant differences between the two modes of actuation. Therefore, the redesigned rotational system will be based on the cantilever with integrated sensing and actuation.
Erectile Dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis: A Prevalence Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Wu Xu , Zhang Yuyang , Zhang Wei , Liu Guodong , Jiang Hui , Huang Houbao , Zhang Xiansheng 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
A connection between multiple sclerosis (MS) and erectile dysfunction (ED) has been debatable.

Aim
To assess the pooled prevalence of ED among men with MS and whether MS was a risk factor for ED.

Methods
A systematic review of the literature was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library to find relevant English-language studies published up to February 2022 that assessed the prevalence of ED in MS patients. Two authors independently evaluated the full text of the enrolled studies to determine eligibility, and if there was disagreement, the decision was made by a third author after discussion. Assessment tools adapted for prevalence studies were used to evaluate the quality of cross-sectional studies, and the quality of case-control studies was assessed by Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The relative risk (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to assess the strength of association between MS and the risk of ED. The sources of heterogeneity were investigated by subgroup analysis. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the stability of the results.

Outcomes
The pooled prevalence of ED in MS patients as well as 95% CIs were estimated, and the RR and its 95% CI were used to assess the strength of association between MS and the risk of ED.

Results
Sixteen studies included collectively gave information about ED in 2,760 MS men, resulting in a pooled prevalence of 49% (95% CI = 42–56%) for ED with a large heterogeneity. Synthesis of results revealed that MS was significantly associated with an increased risk of ED (RR = 3.17, 95% CI = 2.31–4.36, P &lt; .001; heterogeneity: I2 = 0.0%, P = .716). The pooled prevalence estimates of ED were 55, 63, and 57% in the age &gt;40, IIEF diagnostic tool, and mean disease duration &gt;10 years subgroups, respectively.

Clinical Implications
The present meta-analysis indicates that MS patients had a significantly increased risk of ED, which should raise awareness of the potential association between MS and ED by clinicians.

Strengths & Limitations
This is the first meta-analysis to provide the global prevalence of ED in MS patients and to demonstrate that MS is a risk factor for ED. However, all enrolled studies were observational in design, which may reduce the robustness of this evidence.

Conclusion
Results of this meta-analysis showed that ED was highly prevalent in adult men with MS and MS was a potential risk factor for ED development.
Bidirectional Exchange of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds in Subarctic Heath Mesocosms During Autumn Climate Scenarios
Authors: Baggesen Nanna S. , Davie‐Martin Cleo L. , Seco Roger , Holst Thomas , Rinnan Riikka 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBiogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) flux dynamics during the subarctic autumn are largely unexplored and have been considered insignificant due to the relatively low biological activity expected during autumn. Here, we exposed subarctic heath ecosystems to predicted future autumn climate scenarios (ambient, warming, and colder, dark conditions), changes in light availability, and flooding, to mimic the more extreme rainfall or snowmelt events expected in the future. We used climate chambers to measure the net ecosystem fluxes and bidirectional exchange of BVOCs from intact heath mesocosms using a dynamic enclosure technique coupled to a proton‐transfer‐reaction time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer (PTR–ToF–MS). We focused on six BVOCs (methanol, acetic acid, acetaldehyde, acetone, isoprene, and monoterpenes) that were among the most dominant and that were previously identified in arctic tundra ecosystems. Warming increased ecosystem respiration and resulted in either net BVOC release or increased uptake compared to the ambient scenario. None of the targeted BVOCs showed net release in the cold and dark scenario. Acetic acid exhibited significantly lower net uptake in the cold and dark scenario than in the ambient scenario, which suggests reduced microbial activity. Flooding was characterized by net uptake of the targeted BVOCs and overruled any temperature effects conferred by the climate scenarios. Monoterpenes were mainly taken up by the mesocosms and their fluxes were not affected by the climate scenarios or flooding. This study shows that although autumn BVOC fluxes on a subarctic heath are generally low, changes in future climate may strongly modify them.