bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protocol for EHS Rapid Guideline: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, GRADE Assessment, and European Recommendations on Parastomal Hernia Prevention
Authors: Antoniou Stavros A. , Stabilini Cesare , Koutsiouroumpa Ourania , Mavridis Dimitrios , Muysoms Filip 
Published: May 2022

Background: Parastomal hernia presents frequently after construction of a permanent end colostomy. Previous guidelines recommend using a prophylactic mesh for hernia prevention. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published hereafter demonstrate conflicting outcomes.Methods and Analysis: A rapid guideline will be developed and reported in accordance with GRADE, GIN and AGREE-S standards. The steering group will consist of general and colorectal surgeons, members of the EHS Scientific Advisory Board with expertise and experience in guideline development, advanced medical statistics and evidence synthesis, and a certified guideline methodologist. The guideline panel will consist of three general surgeons, three colorectal surgeons, two stoma care nurses, and two patient representatives. A single question will address the safety and efficacy of the use of a prophylactic mesh in patients with a permanent end colostomy, and sensitivity analyses will focus on the use of non-absorbable versus absorbable meshes, and on different anatomical spaces for mesh placement. A systematic review will be conducted and evidence synthesis will be performed by statisticians independently. The results of evidence synthesis will be summarized in summary of findings tables. Recommendation(s) will be finalized through Delphi process of the guideline panel within an evidence-to-decision framework.Ethics and Dissemination: The funding body will not be involved in the development of this guideline. Conflicts of interest, if any, will be addressed by re-assigning functions or replacing participants with direct conflicts, according to Guidelines International Network recommendations.
Antigen detection methods of Opisthorchis viverrini in human: Systematic review and Meta-analysis
Authors:   Mahidol University, Maitongngam Kritpisut , Kosaisavee Varakorn , Tipayamongkholgul Mathuros 
Published: May 2022

Review question / Objective: Research question - Among all of the available antigen methods for Opisthorchis viverrini in human, which one is the most accurate result. Objectives - General objective. To meta-analyze the accuracy of Opisthorchis viverrini antigen detection methods in human. Specific objectives -To compare the overall detection accuracy of Opisthorchis viverrini antigen in humans among FECT and other antigen detection methods -To systematically review Opisthorchis viverrini antigen methods in human -To investigate the effect of bias on the Opisthorchis viverrini antigen detection results in terms of participant selection, index test, reference standard, and flow and timing -To investigate the heterogeneity of the Opisthorchis viverrini antigen detection methods in human. Eligibility criteria: Inclusion criteria 1.1 Research articles related to antigen detection method of Opisthorchis viverrini in humans. 1.2 Research articles in the databases between 2000 - 2021. 2. Exclusion criteriaResearch articles which do not use Formalin Ethyl acetate Concentration Technique (FECT) as the reference standard.
cuestionamientos a la enseñanza del derecho internacional público en el contexto peruano
Authors: Rosales Zamora Pablo 
Published: May 2022

Uno de los grandes problemas que se observa en la enseñanza del derecho internacional público en Perú es que se parte de la premisa que esta disciplina tiene un modo homogéneo de ser concebida. El propósito del presente artículo es deconstruir esa preconcepción a partir de dos críticas. La primera es el cuestionamiento contra la universalidad ideológica que asume el debate normativismo – iusnaturalismo, para dar a conocer otras posibilidades de aproximación al derecho internacional. La segunda crítica es contra la neutralidad ideológica en el estudio de nuestra materia, con el objetivo de demostrar la presencia de un norte y un sur global en la producción académica. Para la elaboración del presente artículo, se analizará la literatura contemporánea producida por autores peruanos y extranjeros.
Earth as a Proxy Exoplanet: Simulating DSCOVR/EPIC Observations Using the Earth Spectrum Simulator
Authors: Gu Lixiang , Zeng Zhao-Cheng , Fan Siteng , Natraj Vijay , Jiang Jonathan H. , Crisp David , Yung Yuk L. , Hu Yongyun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Analyzing time-resolved disk-integrated spectral images of the Earth can provide a baseline for future exoplanet characterization. The Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) onboard the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) provides ∼5000 full-disk sunlit Earth images each year in ten wavelengths from the ultraviolet to the near-infrared. A whole-disk radiative transfer model can improve our understanding of the temporal variation of Earth’s disk-integrated reflected radiance (“light curves”) at different wavelengths and create a pool of possible observations of Earth-like exoplanets. We use the two-stream-exact-single-scattering line-by-line radiative transfer model to build the Earth Spectrum Simulator (ESS) and reconstruct DSCOVR/EPIC spectral observations. Atmospheric effects, such as scattering by air molecules, clouds, aerosols, and gaseous absorption, are included. Surface contributions are treated using appropriate bidirectional reflectance distribution functions. We simulate ∼300 images in each channel for observations collected in 2016, with a spatial resolution of ∼2000 pixels over the visible disk. ESS provides a simultaneous fit to the observed light curves, with time-averaged reflectance differences typically less than 7% and root-mean-square errors less than 1%. The only exceptions are in the oxygen absorption channels, where reflectance biases can be as large as 19.55%; this is a consequence of simplified assumptions about clouds; especially their vertical placement. We also recover principal components of the spectrophotometric light curves and correlate them with atmospheric and surface features.
Coevolution of Brightest Cluster Galaxies and Their Host Clusters in IllustrisTNG
Authors: Sohn Jubee , Geller Margaret J. , Vogelsberger Mark , Damjanov Ivana 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We use IllustrisTNG simulations to explore the dynamic scaling relation between massive clusters and their—central—brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs). The IllustrisTNG-300 simulation we use includes 280 massive clusters from the z = 0 snapshot with M
200 > 1014
M
⊙, enabling a robust statistical analysis. We derive the line-of-sight velocity dispersion of the stellar particles of the BCGs (σ
*,BCG), analogous to the observed BCG stellar velocity dispersion. We also compute the subhalo velocity dispersion to measure the cluster velocity dispersion (σ
cl). Both σ
*,BCG and σ
cl are proportional to the cluster halo mass, but the slopes differ slightly. Thus, like the observed relation, σ
*,BCG/σ
cl declines as a function of σ
cl, but the scatter is large. We explore the redshift evolution of the σ
*,BCG − σ
cl scaling relation for z ≲ 1 in a way that can be compared directly with observations. The scaling relation has a similar slope at high redshift, but the scatter increases because of the large scatter in σ
*,BCG. The simulations imply that high-redshift BCGs are dynamically more complex than their low-redshift counterparts.
Investigating the Disk–Jet Structure in M87 through Flux Separation in the Linear and Circular Polarization Images
Authors: Tsunetoe Yuh , Mineshige Shin , Kawashima Tomohisa , Ohsuga Ken , Akiyama Kazunori , Takahashi Hiroyuki R. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
For testing different electron temperature (T
e) prescriptions in general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (GRMHD) simulations through observations, we propose to utilize linear polarization (LP) and circular polarization (CP) images. We calculate the polarization images based on a semi-magnetically arrested disk GRMHD model for various T
e parameters, bearing M87 in mind. We find an LP–CP separation in the images of the low-T
e disk cases at 230GHz; namely, the LP flux mainly originates from downstream of the jet, and the CP flux comes from the counter-side jet, while the total intensity is maximum at the jet base. This can be understood as follows: although the LP flux is generated through synchrotron emission widely around the black hole, most of the LP flux from the jet base does not reach the observer, since it undergoes Faraday rotation (

∝

T

e

−
2

) when passing through the outer cold disk and is thus depolarized. Hence, only the LP flux from the downstream (not passing the cold dense plasmas) can survive. Meanwhile, the CP flux is generated from the LP flux by Faraday conversion ( ∝ T
e) in the inner hot region. Stronger CP flux is thus observed from the counter-side jet. Moreover, the LP–CP separation is more enhanced at a lower frequency, such as 86 GHz, but is rather weak at 43 GHz, since the media in the latter case is optically thick for synchrotron self-absorption so that all of the fluxes should come from the photosphere. The same is true for cases with higher mass accretion rates and/or larger inclination angles.
Négocier la science du climat. Le rôle des États membres dans le Groupe d’experts intergouvernemental sur l’évolution du climat
Authors: De Pryck Kari 
Published: May 2022

Quel est le rôle des États membres dans le Groupe d’experts intergouvernemental sur l’évolution du climat, organisation connue généralement pour les scientifiques de renom qui participent à ses évaluations globales des connaissances sur les changements climatiques ? En combinant les approches des études des sciences et des techniques et de la sociologie des organisations internationales, je propose tout d’abord une analyse détaillée de la manière dont les États membres du GIEC influencent les activités de l’organisation. Je montre en particulier comment cette influence se décline lors de la définition des plans des rapports et de l’approbation de leurs résumés politiques. Je reviens ensuite sur la façon dont la négociation entre auteurs et représentants des États membres façonne le texte des rapports du GIEC et sur les implications de ces pratiques sur le cadrage de la crise climatique. Ce faisant, je montre la pertinence d’une étude des groupes d’experts intergouvernementaux en tant qu’organisations internationales.
Pour un développement durable plus humain : exemples d’initiatives locales en Guadeloupe et en Martinique
Authors: Rauzduel Loïza A. 
Published: May 2022

En Guadeloupe et en Martinique, deux associations œuvrent pour améliorer la cohésion sociale et le cadre de vie de citoyens résidant en milieu urbain, grâce à des opérations de rénovation de l’habitat permettant de valoriser le patrimoine urbain et architectural, et à des actions conçues pour sensibiliser à des modes de production et de consommation plus respectueux de l’environnement. Le jardin créole, pan de la culture et du patrimoine antillais, redevient une ressource commune, permettant ainsi un meilleur ancrage socio-culturel des actions de valorisation et de réappropriation des savoirs traditionnels. Le bien-être de tous et l’amélioration du cadre de vie qui en résultent pourraient-ils ainsi contribuer à poser les bases d’un développement durable plus humain ?
Le substrat passionnel dans la transmission du Coran
Authors: Fariji Anis 
Published: May 2022

ملخص : من مسلم الأمور أن تلقين المعرفة الدينية في المجتمعات الإسلامية مرتبط أشد ما ارتباط بنشر ما يقعد للإيمان ويرسخه. وعلى خلاف المعرفة المجردة التي هي من قبيل تداول المفاهيم العقلية، فإن الإيمان يحصل عبر الانفعالات الباطنية. يكمن السؤال إذاً في فهم كيف ينتظم التكوين الديني بشكل يجعله يحفّز الانفعالات القادرة على استنفار مظاهر إيمان المتعلمين في الأسلاك الأولى، مما يكسب تلك الانفعالات بدورها قيمة مساعدة في عملية التعليم. ولضبط طبيعة العناصر الوجدانية ومفعولها في التكوين الديني، سنتطرق على سبيل النموذج إلى تعليم حفظ القرآن في المغرب، وبشكل خاص إلى طريقة التلاوة الجماعية المسماة "تحزّابت" التي يعتبرها المتعلمون تقنية ناجعة لترسيخ حفظ النص القرآني. ففي خضمّ التلاوة على طريقة تحزّابت تنتاب الممارسين انفعالات فرحة من قبيل "الحماس" و"النشوة"، كما يصفون. والغالب أن يدفع التجاوب الوجداني أثناء تحزّابت إلى الرفع من نبرات الصوت بشكل يجعل أحيانا صعبا تمييز النص القرآني ذاته. لهذا السبب انتقد العديد من العلماء هذا المنحى، بل ذهب بعضهم إلى إبداء الرغبة في منع هذه الطريقة المتميزة. بيد أنهم فشلوا في ذلك، كما يقرّون، مما يدلّ على قوة التفاعل الوجداني أثناء تحزّابت، الذي يفسّر بدوره استمرار اعتماد هذه الطريقة في حفظ القرآن وفق أسلوبها الصوتي المميّز.
Copistes et lecteurs du Dalā’il al-khayrāt dans le Maroc prémoderne (xviiie-xixe siècles)
Authors: Abid Hiba 
Published: May 2022

Au Maroc, la littérature dévotionnelle consacrée au Prophète a été très prolifique, particulièrement dans la première moitié du viiie/xive siècle, et préfigure le succès fulgurant dont fera l’objet le livre de prières sur le Prophète, Dalā’il al-khayrāt composé au siècle suivant par Muḥammad b. Sulaymān al-Jazūlī (m. 869/1465). Ce mystique marocain, fondateur de l’ordre soufi jazūlite, joua un rôle crucial dans la vie religieuse du Maroc en plaçant la prière sur le Prophète au cœur de la spiritualité. Cet article entend questionner les manifestations pratiques du soufisme marocain prémoderne au moyen d’une étude codicologique des manuscrits du Dalā’il produits au Maroc du xiie/xviiie à la fin du xiiie/xixe siècles. Comment le livre s’est-il fait le médiateur de la doctrine jazūlite, depuis sa circulation dans le strict cadre des zāwiya-s, à sa diffusion parmi les différentes couches de la société ? Par quels dispositifs graphiques et ornementaux les acteurs de cette transmission, soit les concepteurs des manuscrits, assurent-ils la lecture du texte, sa mémorisation et son interprétation par ses usagers ? Comment ceux-ci s’approprient-ils et personnalisent-ils le texte, par-delà la doctrine.
L’étude de l'exégèse coranique dans deux institutions d'enseignement à Fès
Authors: Jenvrin Géraldine 
Published: May 2022

Cet article se propose d’interroger, dans une perspective comparatiste, les manières et les contenus d’enseignements coraniques au sein de deux institutions à Fès : l’ancienne Mosquée-université d’al-Qarawiyyine d’une part, et les départements universitaires d’Études islamiques (dirāsāt islāmiyya) et de Droit islamique (sharīʿa) d’autre part. Comment ces filières reflètent-elles une doctrine officielle prônant en même temps que la « modernisation » et une certaine réforme, un islam traditionaliste focalisé sur ses aspects juridiques ? Nous nous intéresserons tout particulièrement au portrait d’un enseignant exerçant dans les deux types d’institution de la ville.
« Stop Killing Us » : retour sur un projet de restitution en vidéo
Authors: Recoquillon Charlotte 
Published: May 2022

Cet article revient sur le contexte de conception et de production de la web-série vidéo Stop Killing Us (SKU) par Charlotte Recoquillon avec Valyu Média. Outre sa contribution à l’effort de dissémination des travaux sur les violences policières aux États‑Unis auprès d’un public français large, SKU s’inscrit dans un contexte de porosité croissante entre les sphères universitaire et médiatique, marquée par la multiplication des podcasts et émissions qui veulent à la fois véhiculer et disséminer les travaux scientifiques, tout en contribuant au débat public. Ce texte revient sur la genèse de ce projet à l’intersection de la recherche, du journalisme et de l’engagement politique ; relate le choix de la vidéo comme stratégie rhétorique et outil pédagogique ; puis discute la portée politique de cette série et sa contribution à la diffusion de connaissances sur la question noire et à la lutte antiraciste.
Anxiety among doctors during COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary care center in India
Authors: Yadav Anupam Singh , Kumar Ashutosh 
Published: May 2022

Background and Objectives:
The ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 has a severe impact on the health-care system worldwide bringing doctors under immense pressure to work under stressful conditions. The main objective of this study was to assess anxiety among doctors and to understand the perceived causes of anxiety.

Methodology:
Questionnaires were made available to all willing doctors of SN Medical College, Agra; King George's Medical University, Lucknow, and GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, between May 12, 2020, and June 20, 2020 (during nationwide lockdown). The questionnaire consists of three main sections: details about respondents’ working status, questions regarding respondents’ reasons for concern, and Becks’ Anxiety Inventory (BAI) scale.

Results:
Two hundred and fifty responses were received from about 599 doctors presented with the questionnaire. About 32% of the respondents have already done duties in COVID facilities and the rest are awaiting deployment at those facilities. Forty-two percent reported concern regarding transmitting the illness to close ones/loved ones/family members to be a cause of anxiety and 40% were worried about the quality of protective gear closely followed by examination-related worries. About 28.8% of the respondents scored >7 on BAI with 62.5% of these (18% of total respondents) reporting “moderate” levels of anxiety.

Conclusions:
Our findings underline the fact that pandemics such as COVID-19 cause significant levels of anxiety among doctors. The levels of anxiety differed for age, sex, and specialty. The perceived causes were the risk of transmitting to loved ones and concerns regarding protective gear. These outcomes highlight the need for early interventions to address anxiety and to provide support for doctors during such crises.
Ocular Biometry Characteristics and its Relationship with Age, Gender, Spherical Equivalent in Turkish Children
Authors: Dayi O , Bulut E , Karadağ M , Bulut H 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Studying ocular biometric parameters in different populations and determining the relationship with personal characteristics can provide valuable information about ocular growth and help provide a better understanding of refractive errors.

Aims:
To describe distributions of ocular biometry and to evaluate its associations with age, gender, spheric equivalent in Turkish children.

Patients and Methods:
In this prospective study 344 children aged 3-14 years were evaluated. Parameters studied included axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and mean corneal radius (CR) measured with optical biometry. Cycloplegic refraction values were obtained using autorefractometer. The change of biometric parameters according to age and gender were evaluated. The relationship between ocular biometry parameters with refraction and age was analyzed by linear regression.

Results:
Mean spherical equivalent (SE), AL, ACD and AL/CR observed to be lowest in the preschooler group (P < 0.001). SE reduced with age, and a weak correlation observed between SE and age (r = -0.333). AL and ACD had moderate and weak positive correlations with age respectively (r = 0.511; r = 0.304). There were negative correlations between SE with AL, ACD and AL/CR (r = -0.826; r = -0.540; r = -0.886). The strongest correlation with SE among these parameters was identified for AL/CR. AL and ACD were higher in boys, while the CR was lower in girls (p < 0.001).

Conclusion:
While AL in children in late schooler group is higher than European countries, it shows similar characteristics in early schooler group. In addition AL is lower in all age groups than Asian population sexcept preschooler group. With age AL increases, SE decreases and AL plays a key role in refractive development.
Evaluation of IL-17A Expressions in High-Grade Glial Tumors Receiving Radiotherapy
Authors: Karaca F , Keskin S , Menteş S , Ökten Aİ , Çavuş G , Arslan A , Afşar ÇU , Köksal F 
Published: May 2022

Aim:
In this study, we aimed to investigate the interleukin-17A (IL-17A) levels in patients with high-grade glial tumors before receiving radiotherapy, immediately after radiotherapy, and 3 months after radiotherapy.

Patients and Methods:
A total of 33 patients who applied to Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology between December 2016 and May 2018 was included in this study. A total of three blood samples was taken from each patient to assess IL-17A levels before and after radiotherapy and 3 months after the completion of radiotherapy.

Results:
The differences in IL-17A levels between genders were not statistically significant. IL-17A levels progressively decreased after the radiotherapy and 3 months after the radiotherapy as compared to the levels before radiotherapy. However, this was not statistically significant. IL-17A levels in the non-surviving patients were high before and after radiotherapy as compared to the surviving ones, but this was also not statistically significant.

Conclusion:
As compared to the period before radiotherapy, IL-17A levels tend to decrease in the period of acute and chronic phases of radiotherapy in all patient groups.
Development and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Vestibular Disorders Activities of Daily Living Scale in the Kannada Language and Testing its Psychometric Properties
Authors: Rao VK , Tedla JS , Sangadala DR , Reddy RS , Kakaraparthi VN , Gular K 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Vestibular Disorders Activities of Daily Living Scale (VADL) is a self-reported survey for assessing functions of individuals affected by vestibular disorders, and this survey has been translated and cross-culturally adapted into many languages.

Objective:
Kannada is one of the most-spoken languages in India, with approximately 64 million speakers. We aimed to develop the Kannada version of VADL and to assess its psychometric properties.

Materials and Methods:
The translation and adaptation of the English version of VADL into Kannada were accomplished with the input of medical professional language experts. Pretesting of the Kannada VADL (VADL-K) was conducted on 30 patients with vestibular disorders. Six professional experts with medical background provided their opinion during the content validation process of VADL-K, and 50 subjects aged between 30 and 70 years with variant vestibular disorders were administered VADL-K and the Dizziness Handicap Inventory to determine the internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and concurrent validity of this assessment.

Results:
This study effectively translated, adapted, and pretested VADL-K. The scale's content validity was 0.95, its internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = α) was 0.94, its test–retest reliability with Intra Class- Correlation Coefficient was 0.97, and its concurrent validity in comparison with DHI was significant, with a moderate correlation r-value of 0.58.

Conclusion:
The English version of VADL was successfully translated and adapted into the Kannada language. VADL-K is a valid and reliable measure for patients with vestibular disorders in the state of Karnataka to report their functional performance.