bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Did Norwegian adolescents suffer more violence and sexual abuse during the Covid-19 pandemic? Violence and sexual abuse rates the year before the pandemic compared to rates one year into the pandemic
Authors: Augusti Else-Marie , Myhre Mia Cathrine , Wentzel-Larsen Tore , Hafstad Gertrud Sofie 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Covid-19 pandemic is a public health crisis which may cause unintended additional societal costs such as child maltreatment. Considerable concern is raised as to whether the pandemic has led to an increase in violence and sexual abuse against children.ObjectiveThe present study objective is to provide rates of violence and sexual abuse against adolescents the year before the pandemic compared to one year into the pandemic.Participants and settingTwo samples of Norwegian 12-16-year-olds were approached. A representative pre-pandemic sample of 9240 adolescents (M age= 14.11), and a sample recruited one year into the pandemic resulting in 3540 responses (M age (SD) = 14.5).MethodsAn online survey was administered during school hours including established measures of violence and sexual abuse exposure. Sociodemographic characteristics were assessed.ResultsThere was 1.4 percentage point increase in sexual abuse by an adult, and a 3.9 percentage point decrease in psychological violence by a parent during the pandemic compared to the year before the pandemic. Otherwise, violence and sexual abuse rates remained stable across these two time periods. Risk factors for violence and sexual abuse were amplified during the pandemic.ConclusionNorway, a high-income welfare state, imposed measures to counteract the burden of the pandemic mitigation actions for adolescents. This might partly explain the absence of the feared increase in violence towards adolescents. The disproportionate risk for violence and sexual abuse for some groups of adolescents is however concerning, and should be followed up over time.
High sensitivity of a novel rapid test for the diagnosis of clinical and subclinical Plasmodium falciparum infections in a high transmission setting in Burundi
Authors: Niyukuri David , Sinzinkayo Denis , Troth Emma , Oduma Colins , Barengayabo Mediatrice , Ndereyimana Mireille , Holzschuh Aurel , Vera-Arias Claudia A. , Gebre Yilekal , Badu Kingsley , Nyandwi Joseph , Baza Dismas , Juma Elizabeth , Koepfli Cristian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are a key tool for the diagnosis of malaria infections among febrile and subclinical individuals. Low-density infections, and deletions of the P. falciparum hrp2/3 genes (encoding for the HRP2 and HRP3 proteins detected by many RDTs) present challenges for RDT-based diagnosis. The novel Rapigen Biocredit three-band Plasmodium falciparum HRP2/LDH RDT was evaluated among 444 febrile and 468 subclinical individuals in a high transmission setting in Burundi. Results were compared to the AccessBio CareStart HRP2 RDT, and qPCR with a sensitivity of <0.1 parasites/µL blood. Sensitivity among clinical patients was 80.0% (250/313, either of HRP2/LDH positive), compared to 73.2% (229/313) for CareStart (P=0.048). Among subclinical infections, sensitivity was 72.3% (162/224) compared to 58.5% (131/224) for CareStart (P=0.003), and reached 88.3% (53/60) in children <15 years. No (0/362) hrp2 and 2/366 hrp3 deletions were observed. In conclusion, the novel RDT showed improved sensitivity for the diagnosis of P. falciparum.
Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: a Mendelian Randomisation study
Authors: Donovan Killian , Herrington William G. , Paré Guillaume , Pigeyre Marie , Haynes Richard , Sardell Rebecca , Butterworth Adam S. , Folkersen Lasse , Gustafsson Stefan , Wang Qin , Baigent Colin , Mälarstig Anders , Holmes Michael , Staplin Natalie 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) is associated with a range of cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular diseases in conventional epidemiological studies, but substantial residual confounding may exist. Mendelian randomisation approaches can help control for such confounding. SCALLOP consortium data on 19,195 participants were used to generate an FGF-23 genetic score. Data from 337,448 UK Biobank participants were used to estimate associations between higher genetically-predicted FGF-23 concentration and the odds of any atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (n=26,266 events), of any non-atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (n=12,652), and of non-cardiovascular diseases previously linked to FGF-23. Measurements of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and left ventricular mass (LVM) were available in a subset. Associations with cardiovascular outcomes were also tested in three large case-control consortia: CARDIOGRAMplusC4D (coronary artery disease, n=181,249 cases), MEGASTROKE (stroke, n=34,217), and HERMES (heart failure, n=47,309). We identified 34 independent variants for circulating FGF-23 which formed a validated genetic score. There were no associations between genetically-predicted FGF-23 and any of the cardiovascular or non-cardiovascular outcomes. In UK Biobank, the odds ratio for any atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease per 1-SD higher genetically-predicted logFGF-23 was 1.03 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.98-1.08), and for any non-atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease was 1.01 (0.94-1.09). The odds ratios in the case-control consortia were 1.00 (0.97-1.03) for coronary artery disease, 1.01 (0.95-1.07) for stroke, and 1.00 (0.95-1.05) for heart failure. In those with imaging, logFGF-23 was not associated with CIMT or LVM index. This suggests that previously reported observational associations of FGF-23 with risk of atherosclerotic and non-atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases are unlikely to be causal.
ALFF response interaction with learning during feedback in individuals with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Dobryakova Ekaterina , Hafiz Rakibul , Iosipchuk Olesya , Sandry Joshua , Biswal Bharat 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAmplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) is defined as changes of BOLD signal during resting state (RS) brain activity. Previous studies identified differences in RS activation between healthy and multiple sclerosis (MS) participants. However, no research has investigated the relationship between ALFF and learning in MS. We thus examine this here. Twenty-five MS and 19 healthy participants performed a paired-associate word learning task where participants were presented with extrinsic or intrinsic performance feedback. Compared to healthy participants, MS participants showed higher local brain activation in the right thalamus. We also observed a positive correlation in the MS group between ALFF and extrinsic feedback within the left inferior frontal gyrus, and within the left superior temporal gyrus in association with intrinsic feedback. Healthy participants showed a positive correlation in the right fusiform gyrus between ALFF and extrinsic feedback. Findings suggest that while MS participants do not show a feedback learning impairment compared to the healthy participants, ALFF differences might suggest a general maladaptive pattern of task unrelated thalamic activation and adaptive activation in frontal and temporal regions. Results indicate that ALFF can be successfully used at capturing pathophysiological changes in local brain activation in MS in association with learning through feedback.
Cobbler's kids: public relations reputation among PR students
Authors: Barlik Jacek 
Published: April 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to find out whether public relations (PR) students feel ready and adequately prepared for their future jobs and how they cope with the reputational and ethical issues of the public relations industry, also during the pandemic.Design/methodology/approachSurvey research among public relations students in Poland was conducted twice, in 2019 and 2021, to explore their opinions on the applicability of public relations studies, career prospects for PR students in the industry and their approach to perennial reputational problems of PR. The 2021 survey also looked into challenges for the public relations education created by the pandemic, including lack of students' direct interactions with teachers and prevalence of online instruction methods.FindingsThe study shows that most public relations students feel confident about their career choices and appreciate their level of preparedness at PR schools for real-life assignments in the public relations industry. In addition, students are aware of the ethical and reputational issues of their chosen trade, and they tend to advocate for the field among friends and families and even rectify widespread misconceptions about PR. The role of public relations during the COVID-19 pandemic – according to respondents – has grown significantly, thus creating new, exciting opportunities for public relations professionals, though not necessarily for PR students or graduates.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to research on public relations education, its effectiveness, widely discussed reputational and ethical issues plaguing the field, relationships of educators and students with the PR industry and the role of PR students as advocates for their trade.
The dark figure of violence committed by discharged psychiatric inpatients
Authors: Hardin Kaitlin , Scurich Nicholas 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
Official criminal justice statistics (e.g. arrest rates) underestimate the frequency of crime because not all crime gets reported to authorities, a phenomenon known as the “dark figure of crime.” The present study aims to examine the dark figure of violence committed by discharged psychiatric patients.

Design/methodology/approach
Multiple reporting modalities permitted a direct comparison between patients whose violence was officially detected to those whose violence was self-reported but not officially detected, along with differences in the nature of violent acts.

Findings
Only 5% of violent individuals were officially detected, 26% of violent individuals were both officially detected and self-reported their violent behavior, while 68% of violent individuals self-reported their violent behavior and were not officially detected. The type of violent acts did not vary as a function of whether they were officially detected or self-reported. However, differences were observed for the location of violence, the relationship to the victim and whether an injury resulted. Older individuals, those with prior arrests and those with higher psychopathy scores are some of the factors associated with an increased likelihood of officially detected violence.

Research limitations/implications
The data were collected from three sites in the USA. Generalizing the specific findings to other locations and countries ought to be done cautiously.

Practical implications
Studies ought to include multiple methods to measure violence. Self-report seems to be especially important to the extent one is concerned with measuring actual violence rather than violence that gets detected by legal authorities.

Originality/value
This study highlights an important limitation of relying exclusively on official criminal justice statistics when studying violence or recidivism in the community.
Developing supply chain immunity for future pandemic disruptions
Authors: Handfield Robert , Apte Aruna , Finkenstadt Daniel J. 
Published: April 2022

PurposeThe study discusses a rationale for a new type of capability called supply chain immunity that is required to address slow-moving, persistent and dispersed pandemics similar to COVID-19 in the future. The authors’ work on the COVID-19 emergency response suggests flaws in the medical and healthcare supply chain systems, due to reliance on overseas manufacturing and insufficient strategic stockpile.Design/methodology/approachIn seeking to understand the characteristics of supply chain immunity and how it is related to the need for a renewed strategic national stockpile, the authors adopted an inductive observational approach of engaged scholarship, based on their team’s extensive involvement in the national COVID-19 healthcare response during March–June 2020.FindingsThe study analysis, based on visibility, velocity and global independence, establishes a new type of supply chain immunity, along with the requirements for development of this capability. The framework for immunity proposed in this article provides general guidelines that an emergency responder would probably use in an informal fashion. The immunity framework is validated through references to current work on COVID-19 supply chain preparedness.Originality/valueThe understanding of readiness for pandemic operations using the metaphor of supply chain immunity is unique. It contains important observations on the development of capabilities – specifically, the outcome of an aligned medical and supply chain intelligence, a clinical standards organization and a materials management monitoring system. The authors’ insights are supported not only by literature but also due to direct engagement with academic scholars, Department of Defense (DoD) personnel, supply risk platforms and government officials involved in the COVID-19 pandemic response.
Race, class, gender and social entrepreneurship: extending the positionality of icons
Authors: Schachter Hindy Lauer 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to add information on how women's voices enriched American social entrepreneurship in the Progressive era. While most discussions of women as social entrepreneurs have centered on white middle class women, this article profiles two female agents for change and innovation who came out of the white working class and Boston's Black elite, respectively. These additions provide an analysis of female participation that takes account of issues of intersectionality and positionality, important concepts in contemporary critical theory.

Design/methodology/approach
This article extends our understanding of women's role as social entrepreneurs in the early twentieth century by offering biographies of Rose Schneiderman and Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin based on extensive examination of sources from Progressive era documents to contemporary scholarly analyses. Inclusion of Progressive era sources enables the narrative to suggest how these social entrepreneurs were viewed in their own day.

Findings
Biographies of Rose Schneiderman and Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin indicate the broad range of women who developed new organizations to serve traditionally marginalized populations in the Progressive era. The article shows the types of obstacles each woman faced; it enumerates strategies they used to further their aims as well as recording some of the times they could not surmount class- or race-based obstacles placed in their paths.

Originality/value
At a time when issues of intersectionality and positionality have become more prominent in management discourse, this article expands the class and race backgrounds of women specifically proposed as icons of social entrepreneurship. It represents an early attempt to link these concepts with the study of entrepreneurship.
The virality of advertising content
Authors: Kaur Balpreet , Paul Justin , Sharma Rishi Raj 
Published: April 2022

PurposeThe study aims to examine “Advertisement content likeability” and its relationships with consumers' purchase and sharing intentions.Design/methodology/approachSecond-order factor analysis was applied. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to measure the moderating effects of technology adoption model, knowledge sharing and Internet maven traits on advertising content's virality.FindingsResults indicate the dimensional structure of ad content likeability that is relevant in predicting consumers' sharing and purchase intentions. Furthermore, the moderating effects of technology acceptance factors (perceived usefulness and ease-of-use), knowledge sharing motives (altruism, reputation and expected reciprocal benefits) and senders' Internet maven characteristics were also found on “Ad content likeability” and “sharing intentions.”Originality/valueThe study expands the theoretical horizon of factors that significantly increase an advertisement's velocity to become more viral.
Intention and behavior towards bringing your own shopping bags when shopping instead of using plastic bags in Vietnam: an investigation using the theory of interpersonal behavior
Authors: Nguyen Thi Phuong Linh , Tran Nhat Minh , Phan Thi Thanh Hoa , Vu Trong Nghia , Tran Manh Linh , Nguyen Thi Dao 
Published: April 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors affecting Vietnamese consumers' intention and behavior towards “bringing your own shopping bags” (BYOB) instead of using plastic bags based on the theory of interpersonal behavior (TIB).Design/methodology/approachWe used a combination of in-depth interview and large-scale survey methods with the official research sample of 536 Vietnamese consumers to explore the relationship among factors in the research model including: attitude, affect, social factor, facilitating conditions, intention and behavior towards BYOB instead of using plastic bags. The collected data went through quantitative analysis steps including Cronbach's Alpha reliability test, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) for scales and hypotheses testing.FindingsThe results show that intention towards BYOB has a positive effect on consumers' behavior towards BYOB. Facilitating conditions have a stronger and more positive influence than attitude and affect intention towards BYOB. Meanwhile, the hypothesis about the relationship between social factors and intention towards BYOB was rejected by this study.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation of this paper is that the findings of the present study are limited to elements of the TIB.Practical implicationsBased on the results of the study, we made some suggestions for state management agencies and retailers to promote intention and behavior towards BYOB instead of using plastic bags.Originality/valueThis study applies the TIB to understand the relationship between factors such as attitude, affect, social factors and facilitating conditions on intention and behavior towards BYOB instead of using plastic bags.
Investigation of ultrasound-assisted soldering of SiC ceramics by using Zn-Al-In solder for high-temperature applications
Authors: Kostolný Igor , Kolenak Roman , Babincova Paulina , Kusý Martin 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
This study aims to investigate soldering of SiC ceramics by using Zn-Al-In-based solders and ultrasonic soldering. The focus was on the quality of soldered joints, examining the boundary of the solder/substrate joint and the strength of the fabricated joints. Moreover, the fractured surfaces of joints were assessed.

Design/methodology/approach
The Zn-5Al base, which is considered for eutectic solder, was used in experiments. When manufacturing this solder, In was also added to at 1 Wt.%. The soldering of SiC substrates on a hot plate with ultrasonic assistance was performed.

Findings
The solder at room temperature consists of a primary segregated solid solution (Zn) and the binary eutectics (Zn) + (Al) with a high Al content and binary lamellar eutectic with a high Zn and In content non-uniformly distributed on the grain boundaries. The average tensile strength of the Zn5Al1In solder was 52 MPa. The ceramic material was wetted during soldering via reaction between the solder and the SiC substrate, with the formation of Al-Si reaction products. The thickness of the reaction layer on the boundary was 0.5–1.1 µm. The average strength of the soldered joint was 59 MPa. The obtained results confirmed the high efficiency of ultrasonic soldering in air.

Originality/value
This work has characterised Zn5Al1In soldering alloy and examining soldering SiC ceramics by a flux-less ultrasonic process. The analyses were oriented to assess the strength and structure of the solder and the soldered joints. Based on the achieved results, it is possible to predict the suitability of the solder alloy for flux-free soldering of SiC ceramics.
Towards sustainability in hospitality operations: how is quality of life and work–life balance related?
Authors: Rivera Aguilar Jesus Ernesto , Zang Lisha , Fushimi Shio 
Published: April 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine how quality-of-life (QoL) provisions can be integrated with the corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives of hospitality firms and the influence of CSR initiatives on quality of working life (QWL) and the circular economy.Design/methodology/approachThe article outlines the core characteristics of CSR and QoL and how they relate to hospitality industry settings. These theoretical underpinnings are then used to examine the practices of Hoshino Resort Tomamu, Japan and the findings of several similar case study applications: the Hoshino Resort group, Intercontinental Jordan; Sheraton Amman Al Nabil hotel and towers and Hotel Casa de Palmela.FindingsSustainability has become the primary agenda for many nations globally and the hospitality industry can significantly impact sustainability outcomes. Among the strategies that have been used by firms to promote sustainability is CSR. However, prior studies have primarily focused on CSR activities in manufacturing and production and often on external stakeholders. Recent research reveals the importance of internal stakeholders – employees – in promoting sustainability.Originality/valueComparatively little has been published about the deployment of CSR initiatives in hospitality settings – especially in relation to the impact that these initiatives have on thinking about quality of work life, quality of life and the circular economy. This article explores the linkages with reference to hotel and resort company applications.
Can Blockchain technology help small islands achieve sustainable tourism? A perspective on North Cyprus
Authors: Özgit Hale , Adalıer Ahmet 
Published: April 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore the presence and use of Blockchain technologies (BCTs) in the North Cyprus hotel and tourism sectors by eliciting stakeholder perspectives on BCT's role in sustainable tourism development and the current state of its application in North Cyprus.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative methodology was used and primary data gathered via telephone interviews with sixteen managers of casino hotels. The researchers also used an observation technique for data collection in order to better analyse the existing case situation.FindingsAlthough the findings show similarities in the stakeholders' awareness of cryptocurrencies, they lack overall knowledge of BCTs. The responses of participants indicate a lack of knowledge regarding the use of BCTs, particularly the areas in which they can be used. North Cyprus' tourism and hotel sectors are significantly behind the curve in terms of adopting innovative technologies, due to traditional operational concerns and to the limited scope of policy development.Research limitations/implicationsPolicymakers should consider the practical implications for both the sector's and the country's resources in order to maximize environmental and financial gains.Practical implicationsThe promotion of sustainable tourism can be facilitated by the wider adoption of BCTs as it could enable operators to manage their network relationships and business operations in a more socially and environmentally responsible manner.Originality/valueNo prior studies were found that evaluate the presence of BCTs in support of tourism development in North Cyprus. This study will assist practitioners in comprehending the practical implications and will enable policymakers to develop sector-specific policies.