bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regional and temporal coordinated mutation patterns in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein revealed by a clustering and network analysis
Authors: Negi Surendra S. , Schein Catherine H. , Braun Werner 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 has steadily mutated during its spread to > 300 million people throughout the world. The WHO has designated strains with certain mutations, “variants of concern” (VOC), as they may have higher infectivity and/or resist neutralization by antibodies in sera of vaccinated individuals and convalescent patients. Methods to detect regionally emerging VOC are needed to guide treatment and vaccine design. Cluster and network analysis was applied to over 1.2 million sequences of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein from 36 countries in the GISAID database. While some mutations rapidly spread throughout the world, regionally specific groups of variants were identified. Strains circulating in each country contained different sets of high frequency mutations, many of which were known VOCs. Mutations within clusters increased in frequency simultaneously. Low frequency, but highly correlated mutations detected by the method could signal emerging VOCs, especially if they occur at higher frequency in other regions. An automated version of our method to find high frequency mutations in a set of SARS-COV-2 spike sequences is available online at http://curie.utmb.edu/SAR.html.
A part per trillion isotope ratio analysis of 90Sr/88Sr using energy-filtered thermal ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Wakaki Shigeyuki , Aoki Jo , Shimode Ryoya , Suzuki Katsuhiko , Miyazaki Takashi , Roberts Jenny , Vollstaedt Hauke , Sasaki Satoshi , Takagai Yoshitaka 
Published: January 2022

AbstractStrontium-90 is a major radioactive nuclide released by nuclear accidents and discharge waste. Input of such radioactive nuclide into earth surface environment causes potential threat of long-term internal exposure when taken up by organism. Rapid and precise measurement of 90Sr in variety of environmental sample is important to understand the distribution and dynamics of 90Sr in the local environment after the accident and to assess the effect of radioactive nuclide inputs on bodies. However, previous 90Sr measurement techniques have drawbacks such as long measurement times for radiometry and high detection limits for mass spectrometry. Here we present a technique to accurately measure a significantly small amount of 90Sr in natural environmental samples using an energy-filtered thermal ionization mass spectrometry. Our technique achieved a 90Sr detection limit of 0.23 ag, which corresponds to a 90Sr activity of 1.2 µBq. The detection limit was lowered by two orders of magnitude compared with the previous mass spectrometric 90Sr analyses. The ability of our technique will expand the applicability of mass spectrometric 90Sr survey not only to the rapid 90Sr survey upon nuclear accidents but also to study a long-term environmental diffusion of radioactive materials using size-limited environmental and biological samples.
Comparative genomics reveals evolutionary loss of epiplakin in cetaceans
Authors: Fuchs Peter , Drexler Corinne , Ratajczyk Sonia , Eckhart Leopold 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe adaptation of vertebrates to different environments was associated with changes in the molecular composition and regulation of epithelia. Whales and dolphins, together forming the clade cetaceans, have lost multiple epithelial keratins during or after their evolutionary transition from life on land to life in water. It is unknown whether the changes in keratins were accompanied by gain or loss of cytoskeletal adapter proteins of the plakin family. Here we investigated whether plakin proteins are conserved in cetaceans and other vertebrates. Comparative analysis of genome sequences showed conservation of dystonin, microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1 (MACF1), plectin, desmoplakin, periplakin and envoplakin in cetaceans. By contrast, EPPK1 (epiplakin) was disrupted by inactivating mutations in all cetaceans investigated. Orthologs of EPPK1 are present in bony and cartilaginous fishes and tetrapods, indicating an evolutionary origin of EPPK1 in a common ancestor of jawed vertebrates (Gnathostomes). In many vertebrates, EPPK1 is flanked by an as-yet uncharacterized gene that encodes protein domains homologous to the carboxy-terminal segment of MACF1. We conclude that epiplakin, unlike other plakins, was lost in cetaceans.
Dye tracing and concentration mapping in coastal waters using unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Johansen Kasper , Dunne Aislinn F. , Tu Yu-Hsuan , Almashharawi Samir , Jones Burton H. , McCabe Matthew F. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCoastal water flows facilitate important nutrient exchanges between mangroves, seagrasses and coral reefs. However, due to the complex nature of tidal interactions, their spatiotemporal development can be difficult to trace via traditional field instrumentations. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) serve as ideal platforms from which to capture such dynamic responses. Here, we provide a UAV-based approach for tracing coastal water flows using object-based detection of dye plume extent coupled with a regression approach for mapping dye concentration. From hovering UAV images and nine subsequent flight surveys covering the duration of an ebbing tide in the Red Sea, our results show that dye plume extent can be mapped with low omission and commission errors when assessed against manual delineations. Our results also demonstrated that the interaction term of two UAV-derived indices may be employed to accurately map dye concentration (coefficient of determination = 0.96, root mean square error = 7.78 ppb), providing insights into vertical and horizontal transportation and dilution of materials in the water column. We showcase the capabilities of high-frequency UAV-derived data and demonstrate how field-based dye concentration measurements can be integrated with UAV data for future studies of coastal water flow dynamics.
Hybrid architecture based on two-dimensional memristor crossbar array and CMOS integrated circuit for edge computing
Authors: Kumar Pratik , Zhu Kaichen , Gao Xu , Wang Sui-Dong , Lanza Mario , Thakur Chetan Singh 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe fabrication of integrated circuits (ICs) employing two-dimensional (2D) materials is a major goal of semiconductor industry for the next decade, as it may allow the extension of the Moore’s law, aids in in-memory computing and enables the fabrication of advanced devices beyond conventional complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. However, most circuital demonstrations so far utilizing 2D materials employ methods such as mechanical exfoliation that are not up-scalable for wafer-level fabrication, and their application could achieve only simple functionalities such as logic gates. Here, we present the fabrication of a crossbar array of memristors using multilayer hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) as dielectric, that exhibit analog bipolar resistive switching in >96% of devices, which is ideal for the implementation of multi-state memory element in most of the neural networks, edge computing and machine learning applications. Instead of only using this memristive crossbar array to solve a simple logical problem, here we go a step beyond and present the combination of this h-BN crossbar array with CMOS circuitry to implement extreme learning machine (ELM) algorithm. The CMOS circuit is used to design the encoder unit, and a h-BN crossbar array of 2D hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) based memristors is used to implement the decoder functionality. The proposed hybrid architecture is demonstrated for complex audio, image, and other non-linear classification tasks on real-time datasets.
Hydrological properties predict the composition of microbial communities cycling methane and nitrogen in rivers
Authors: Clark Dave R , McKew Boyd A , Binley Andrew , Heppell Catherine M , Whitby Corinne , Trimmer Mark 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Sediment microbial communities drive the biogeochemical cycles that make rivers globally important sources and sinks of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). The structure of these communities is strongly determined by the local physico-chemical environment. However, we currently lack an understanding of the factors that determine microbial community structures at the catchment scale. Here, we show that the contribution of groundwater to total river flow (quantified as base flow index; BFI) predicts the structure and diversity of the different microbial functional groups that cycle N and C across nine UK rivers, spanning a geological BFI gradient from 0.23 (clay sediment) to 0.95 (chalk gravel sediment). Furthermore, the GC-content (percentage of guanine-cytosine bases in a DNA sequence) and codon-usage bias of ammonia monooxygenase DNA sequences, and the hydrophobicity and net-charge of the corresponding amino acid sequences, were all strongly correlated with BFI, likely reflecting physiological adaptations to different riverbed sediment structure along the BFI gradient. Our results offer an opportunity to overcome the “paradox of scales” that has seen microbial ecologists focus on small- rather than large-scale environmental variables, enabling us to scale-up our understanding of microbial biogeochemistry to the catchment and beyond.
The Lateral Knee Radiograph: A Detailed Review
Authors: Kong Andrew P. , Robbins Robert M. , Stensby James D. , Wissman Robert D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractInitial imaging evaluation for a variety of knee pathologies often begins with a radiographic series. Depending on the specific indication, this will include at least two different projections of the knee. In most cases, these are the anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of the affected knee, and sometimes with the contralateral knee for comparison. Typically, knee pathologies visible on lateral view can also be appreciated on the anteroposterior view. However, several pathologic processes occur in anatomic locations typically obscured on other projections because of superimposed osseous structures. Examples of these pathologies include injuries involving the quadriceps or patellar tendons, avulsion fractures involving anterior or posterior structures, and many soft-tissue injuries. Knowledge of the relevant anatomy and typical pathologies typically visualized on the lateral radiograph of the knee is imperative to avoid overlooking these disease processes.
Microwave Ablation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Liver Metastases: Challenges, Opportunities, and Future Directions
Authors: Stratchko Lindsay M. , Koepsel Erica M. Knavel , Ziemlewicz Timothy J. , Knott Emily A. , Hinshaw J. Louis , Wells Shane A. , Laeseke Paul F. , Lee Jr Fred T. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractChronic liver disease predisposes patients to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and the degree of liver dysfunction helps dictate the management of patients with primary hepatic malignancy. Percutaneous ablation is an increasingly utilized treatment modality for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who are poor surgical candidates, particularly when treatment goals include sparing hepatic parenchyma in the setting of hepatic dysfunction. Various thermal and non-thermal ablation modalities have historically been used to treat HCC. With advances in ablation technology, modern microwave (MW) ablation systems have become increasingly utilized in HCC as well as hepatic metastatic disease management due to larger and more predictable ablation zones. The evolution of ablation technology has resulted in the growth of ablation as a safe and effective treatment option for patients with primary and secondary liver tumors.
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in a Child with Sickle Cell Disease and SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Kannan Varun , Risen Sarah 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe full range of neurological manifestations of novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2]) infection in children remains incompletely characterized. Here, we discussed a 7-year-old male child patient with sickle cell disease (SCD), who presented with acute encephalopathy and nonconvulsive (electrographic only) seizures immediately prior to the onset of severe symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, manifesting as respiratory failure, systemic inflammatory response, and hypertension. Brain imaging confirmed hyperintense lesions consistent with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). Following aggressive symptomatic management including antiseizure medication, immunomodulatory treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and intensive blood pressure control, he made a full neurological recovery. PRES has been observed in adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection, but there are few published reports of this neurological manifestation in children. Our case demonstrates that PRES should be a consideration in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection presenting with acute neurological decompensation, especially in the setting of preexisting risk factors for cerebrovascular dysregulation such as SCD.
Increase efficiency of a gas compressing facility in Oil and Gas Industry. Setting up an efficient design review session during a construction project
Authors: Brezean Octavian Andrei , Ivanovich Epikhin Aleksey 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
As most gas compression facilities in Romania are from the 60’s-80, there is an increased demand to increase their efficiency. The paper is meant to give general guidelines to manage the project and to know one’s importance in the project in order to have a good understanding of the actual steps involved in the gas energy efficiency increase from the technical, financial and managerial points of view.
Aspiration-assisted freeform bioprinting of mesenchymal stem cell spheroids within alginate microgels
Authors: Kim Myoung Hwan , Banerjee Dishary , Celik Nazmiye , Ozbolat Ibrahim T 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Aspiration-assisted freeform bioprinting (AAfB) has emerged as a promising technique for precise placement of tissue spheroids in three-dimensional (3D) space enabling tissue fabrication. To achieve success in embedded bioprinting using AAfB, an ideal support bath should possess shear-thinning behavior and yield-stress to facilitate tight fusion and assembly of bioprinted spheroids forming tissues. Several studies have demonstrated support baths for embedded bioprinting in the past few years, yet a majority of these materials poses challenges due to their low biocompatibility, opaqueness, complex and prolonged preparation procedures, and limited spheroid fusion efficacy. In this study, to circumvent the aforementioned limitations, we present the feasibility of AAfB of human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) spheroids in alginate microgels as a support bath. Alginate microgels were first prepared with different particle sizes modulated by blending time and concentration, followed by determination of the optimal bioprinting conditions by the assessment of rheological properties, bioprintability, and spheroid fusion efficiency. The bioprinted and consequently self-assembled tissue structures made of hMSC spheroids were osteogenically induced for bone tissue formation. Alongside, we investigated the effects of peripheral blood monocyte-derived osteoclast incorporation into the hMSC spheroids in heterotypic bone tissue formation. We demonstrated that alginate microgels enabled unprecedented positional accuracy (∼5%), transparency for visualization, and improved fusion efficiency (∼97%) of bioprinted hMSC spheroids for bone fabrication. This study demonstrates the potential of using alginate microgels as a support bath for many different applications including but not limited to freeform bioprinting of spheroids, cell-laden hydrogels, and fugitive inks to form viable tissue constructs.
Roadmap for machine learning based network-on-chip (M/L NoC) technology and its analysis for researchers
Authors: Balamurugan K , Umamaheswaran S , Mamo Tadele , Nagarajan S , Rao Namamula Lakshmana 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A few decades ago, communication inside the chip is done by transferring signals between the cores. This conventional method is not worthy because of the increase in latency and power consumption. To rectify this issue Network-on-Chip (NoC) technology has emerged. NoC technology is invented to transfer data packets instead of signals. Machine Learning NoC (M/LNoC) is a very fast-growing technology in today’s Integrated Circuit world for the communication between Intellectual property (IP) cores. The machine learning algorithms are used in the existing and emerging novel NoCs. In this paper, various evolving NoC technologies to decrease the transfer latency, power consumption of the IC is addressed for the implementation of the machine learning algorithm. The NoCs working with machine learning algorithms are called M/L NoC. We also provided the security issues to be focused- on in the M/L NoC. Also, we have provided the available NoC tools for the NoC researchers.
Study on the mathematical model related to the connection properties of cold pressing joining technology
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Authors: Xia Yifan , Chen Xiangjun , Ye Zhongfei , Wu Chuan , Li Dianzhong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Cold pressing joining is an important mechanical joining technology in the application of wire rope. In this paper, a new simplified equivalent model is established to describe cold pressing joining process of multilayer structures and corresponding mathematical equations describing the equivalent model are derived based on the elastic-plastic theory. In addition, the cold pressing joining experiments are carried out using the compression strain clamp (NY-300/40) and the steel reinforced aluminum conductor (SRAC - JL/G3A-300/40) for verifying the rationality of the mathematical model. Results show that the trend of the experimental results is in good agreement with the theoretical results. Finally, the critical processing parameters and quality evaluation parameters of pressed strain clamp NY-300/40 have been calculated based on the mathematical model built in this work. The universal mathematical model can be extended to other types of wire rope.
Reported evidence of greenness co-benefits on health, climate change mitigation, and adaptation: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Kınay Pelin , Ji John S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This systematic review aims to appraise the quality of evidence on greenness co-benefits of climate change and health. Although there is evidence of the co-benefits of greenness on climate change and health, the research is of poor quality when it comes to addressing the connections and identifying mediators of greenness and climate change mitigation associations. The evaluation sought to identify areas where there was little or no evidence to guide future research. Current published studies mainly cover six health outcome categories (birth outcomes, physical activity, mental wellbeing, obesity, mortality, and cognitive function). For adaptation, greenness and climate change, associated studies included (a) cooling down effects and urban heat island impacts, (b) air quality improvement, and (c) flood mitigation. For each outcome, we performed a systematic search of publications on Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases from 2000 to July 2021. After retrieving records in which full papers were assessed and non-English articles were excluded, a total of 173 articles, including research articles and reviews, were chosen. To ascertain the strength of the evidence, all interventions were assessed using the GRADE approach. The quality of evidence ranged from moderate to high for most categories of health outcomes (birth outcomes, mental wellbeing, mortality). GRADE assessment provided low-quality evidence for studies on air quality, flood mitigation, physical activity, and obesity due to poor study design (observational or limited data) and high heterogeneity (some data provided variability), and the review concluded that there is insufficient evidence on firm recommendations for public health interventions. Due to a huge amount of low-quality evidence and several areas of overlapping study, this evaluation recognized the co-benefits of greenness on climate change and health as an understudied field and hence as a research gap. The evidentiary foundation for greenness-climate change mitigation links was generally weak. Future research on climate change greenness co-benefit interventions should pay special attention to flood prevention, air quality interactions, and health effects including physical activity and obesity.
The potential function of post-fledging dispersal behavior in first breeding territory selection for males of a migratory bird
Authors: Patchett Robert , Styles Patrick , Robins King Joanna , Kirschel Alexander N G , Cresswell Will 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOne possible hypothesis for the function of post-fledging dispersal is to locate a suitable future breeding area. This post-fledging period may be particularly important in migratory species because they have a limited period to gather information prior to autumn migration, and in protandrous species, males must quickly acquire a territory after returning from spring migration to maximize their fitness. Here we use color-ring resightings to investigate how the post-fledging dispersal movements of the Cyprus wheatear Oenanthe cypriaca, a small migratory passerine, relate to their first breeding territory the following year when they return from migration. We found that males established first breeding territories that were significantly closer to their post-fledging location than to their natal sites or to post-fledging locations of other conspecifics, but these patterns were not apparent in females. Our findings suggest that familiarity with potential breeding sites may be important for juveniles of migratory species, particularly for the sex that acquires and advertises breeding territories. Exploratory dispersal prior to a migrant’s first autumn migration may contribute toward its breeding success the following year, further highlighting the importance of early seasonal breeding on fitness and population dynamics more generally.