bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internal anatomy and ultrastructure of the male reproductive organization of the Sesarmid crab Muradium tetragonum (1798)—(Decapoda: Brachyura)
Authors: Kumarasamy Pothiappan , Sasipriya Manickam , Ganapiriya Viswambaram , Muthukumaravel Kannayiram , Pradhoshini Kumara Perumal , Ahmed Munawar Suhail , Musthafa Mohamed Saiyad , Faggio Caterina 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSesarmid crab, Muradium tetragonum, considered a key detritus consumer plays a significant role in the nutrient cycling and energy flow in most of the mangrove environments. Morphological and ultrastructural organization of the M. tetragonum male reproductive system are characterized through transmission electron microscopic studies. Adult males (3.2–4.2 cm) with dark violet carapace and white‐tipped cheliped were procured alongside the coastal areas of Tanjavur district, Tamil Nadu, India. The morphological analysis highlights the male gonads to be bilaterally symmetrical and anterolaterally located inside the cephalothorax. A pair of elongated testes lying attached to the hypodermis of the carapace leads to a long highly coiled vas deferens categorized into three distinct regions (Proximal vas deferens, Middle vas deferens and distal vas deferens) structurally and functionally with Posterior vas deferens receiving sac‐like accessory glands. It gets followed by an ejaculatory duct and ends with the penile papillae at the coxae's base of the fifth peripod. Structural modifications were observed in the ultrastructure of vas deferens envisage (considering) its functional role in storing spermatophores, active absorption and assisting the secretory activity. Spermatophores, witnessed as spherical bodies are bounded by a dense double wall. Aflagellate, immotile and spherical spermatozoa that measuring 3.6 μm in diameter encompasses a complex acrosome cupped by a nucleus. Moreover, perforatorium and the extending nuclear arms with chromatin, as displayed in the experimental organism M. tetragonum, are in synergy with that of certain brachyurans as specified in the study. Hence, the current study assessing the morphology and ultrastructure parameters of the male gonads could be useful in understanding the physiology of sexual maturation, annual cyclic changes, tracing the phylogenetic relationship among species and enhancing the brood‐stock management.
Digoxin use and outcomes after myocardial infarction in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kytö Ville , Saraste Antti , Rautava Päivi , Tornio Aleksi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDigoxin is used for rate control in atrial fibrillation (AF), but evidence for its efficacy and safety after myocardial infarction (MI) is scarce and mixed. We studied post‐MI digoxin use effects on AF patient outcomes in a nationwide registry follow‐up study in Finland. Digoxin was used by 18.6% of AF patients after MI, with a decreasing usage trend during 2004–2014. Baseline differences in digoxin users (n = 881) and controls (n = 3898) were balanced with inverse probability of treatment weight adjustment. The median follow‐up was 7.4 years. Patients using digoxin after MI had a higher cumulative all‐cause mortality (77.4% vs. 72.3%; hazard ratio [HR]: 1.19; confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–1.32; p = 0.001) during a 10‐year follow‐up. Mortality differences were detected in a subgroup analysis of patients without baseline heart failure (HF) (HR: 1.23; p = 0.019) but not in patients with baseline HF (HR: 1.05; p = 0.413). Cumulative incidences of HF hospitalizations, stroke and new MI were similar between digoxin group and controls. In conclusion, digoxin use after MI is associated with increased mortality but not with HF hospitalizations, new MI or stroke in AF patients. Increased mortality was detected in patients without baseline HF. Results suggest caution with digoxin after MI in AF patients, especially in the absence of HF.
Can rewards induce corresponding forms of theft? Introducing the reward‐theft parity effect
Authors: Johnson Jeff S. , Friend Scott B. , Esteky Sina 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRewards are reinforcement mechanisms that organizations use to shape desirable employee behaviors. However, rewards may also have unintended consequences, such as building expectations for receiving extra benefits and weakening employee barriers to unethical acts. This article investigates the dark side of the reward–behavior association, and exploring what is referred to as the reward–theft parity effect (RTPE). The authors hypothesize that receiving rewards induces a corresponding type of theft. In Study 1, survey results (n = 634) show initial support for the RTPE between rewards and same‐category theft, and that perceptions of procedural justice attenuate this association. Study 2 involved a 2 (reward) × 2 (theft opportunity) between‐subjects experimental design (n = 300) and provides further support for the RTPE by revealing greater theft under a reward–theft parity condition than under a reward–theft disparity condition. Study 3 replicates these findings in a field experiment (n = 285) and finds that the RTPE is exacerbated when the reward–behavior task is perceived as unjust. Collectively, these findings provide new theoretical insights while also giving managers a more complete understanding of the dark side of behavioral reinforcement mechanisms.
Fatigue damage and life evaluation of thick bi‐material double strap joints for use in marine applications
Authors: Iyer Kumar Rahul , Jaiswal Pankaj , De Waele Wim 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe present‐day interest in the use of composite‐steel joints in primary marine structures requires an in‐depth knowledge of the fatigue performance of thick adhesive joints. This paper reports on experimental tests performed on compliant (i.e., thick and ductile) adhesive joints based on a two‐component methyl‐methacrylate adhesive in unaged and aged conditions. Bi‐material double strap joint with thick adhesive bondlines is subjected to quasi‐static and fatigue loading, during which the specimens are monitored by digital mage correlation and infrared thermography techniques to evaluate the types and extent of damage that occur in the joint during fatigue loading. The S‐N curve of the aged joint is evaluated along with its fatigue limit. It is found that the unaged specimens fail due to cohesive damage, hackles, and disbond at the adhesive‐adherend interface and the aged specimens fail due to delamination within the composite. The specimens that survived fatigue loading showed similar residual strength as specimens that were not fatigue loaded.
Complementary and alternative medicine use in an Australian kidney transplant recipient population
Authors: De Souza Laura , Krishnasamy Rathika , Waugh Jane , Gray Nicholas A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use in kidney transplant recipients in Australia is unknown. Chronic transplant recipients completed a questionnaire, and participants who did not report CAM use also had medical chart audits. Among 127 participants, CAM use was reported by 26.8%, considerably lower than the general population. These findings may reflect underreporting due to misperception about what constitutes CAM (commonly vitamin use was not reported by the group denying CAM use), or perhaps a motivated population who are receptive to education efforts from the transplant team.
VEXAS syndrome: lessons learnt from an early Australian case series
Authors: Islam Sadia , Cullen Taylor , Sumpton Daniel , Damodaran Arvin , Heath David , Bosco Annmarie , Doo Nicole W. , Kidson‐Gerber Giselle , Cheong Anthony , Lawford Ron , Walsh Rebecca , Sammel Anthony 
Published: April 2022

AbstractVEXAS is a newly recognised adult‐onset autoinflammatory syndrome resulting from a somatic mutation in the UBA1 gene. Herein, we present three cases of VEXAS syndrome in Sydney, Australia, that capture key clinical features and the refractory nature of the condition. They highlight the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration for early diagnosis and the need for new therapeutic options.
Ripple mapping: A precise tool for atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia ablation
Authors: Howard Taylor S. , Valdes Santiago O. , Zobeck Mark C. , Lam Wilson W. , Miyake Christina Y. , Rochelson Ellis , Pham Tam Dan N. , Kim Jeffrey J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionAblation for atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) classically utilizes evaluation of signal morphology within the anatomic region of the slow pathway (SP), which involves subjectivity. Ripple mapping (RM; CARTO‐3© Biosense Webster Inc) displays each electrogram at its three‐dimensional coordinate as a bar changing in length according to its voltage–time relationship. This allows prolonged, low‐amplitude signals to be displayed in their entirety, helping identify propagation in low‐voltage areas. We set out to evaluate the ability of RM to locate the anatomic site of the SP and assess its use in guiding ablation for AVNRT.MethodsPatients ≤18 years with AVNRT in the EP laboratory between 2017 and 2021 were evaluated. RM was performed to define region of SP conduction in patients from 2019 to 2021, whereas standard electro‐anatomical mapping was used from 2017 to 2019. All ablations were performed using cryotherapy. Demographics, outcomes, and analysis of variance in number of test lesions until success was compared between groups.ResultsA total of 115 patients underwent AVRNT ablation during the study; 46 patients were in the RM group and 69 were in the control group. There were no demographic differences between groups. All procedures, in both groups, were acutely successful. In RM group, 89% of first successful lesions were within 4 mm of the predicted site. There was significantly reduced variability in number of test lesions until success in the RM group (p = .01).ConclusionRM is a novel technique that can help identify SP location, allowing for successful ablation of AVNRT with decreased variability.
Computed tomography imaging‐identified location and electrocardiographic characteristics of left bundle branch area pacing in bradycardia patients
Authors: Chen Keping , Liu Xingbin , Hou Xiaofeng , Qiu Yuanhao , Lin Jinxuan , Dai Yan , Xu Yuanning , Jiang Lingyun , Zhou Xiaohong , Zhang Xue , Lu Hongyang , Mara Nicki , Demmer Wade , Cheng Alan , Zou Jiangang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionLeft bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) is a novel physiological pacing modality. The relationship between the pacing lead tip location and paced electrocardiographic (ECG) characteristics remains unclear. The objectives are to determine the lead tip location within the interventricular septum (IVS) and assess the location‐based ECG QRS duration (QRSd) and left ventricular activation time (LVAT).MethodsThis multicenter study enrolled 50 consecutive bradycardia patients who met pacemaker therapy guidelines and received LBBAP implantation via the trans‐ventricular septal approach. After at least 3 months postimplant, 12‐lead ECGs and pacing parameters were obtained. Cardiac computed tomography (CT) imaging was performed to assess the LBBAP lead tip distance from the LV blood pool.ResultsAmong the 50 patients, analyzable CT images were obtained in 42. In 23 of the 42 patients, the lead tips were within 2 mm to the LV blood pool (the LV subendocardial (LVSE) group), 13 between 2 and 4 mm (the Near‐LVSE group), and the remaining 6 beyond 4 mm (the Mid‐LV septal (Mid‐LVS) group). No significant differences in paced QRSd were found among the three groups (LVSE, 107 ± 15 ms; Near‐LVSE, 106 ± 13 ms; Mid‐LVS, 104 ± 15 ms; p = .87). LVAT in the LVSE (64 ± 7 ms) was significantly shorter than in the Mid‐LVS (72 ± 8 ms; p < .05), but not significantly different from that in the Near‐LVSE (69 ± 8 ms; p > .05).ConclusionIn routine LBBAP practice, paced narrow QRSd and fast LVAT, indicative of physiological pacing, were consistently achieved for lead tip location in the LV subendocardial or near LV subendocardial region.
Randomized controlled pilot study assessing efficacy, efficiency, and patient‐reported outcomes measures of chairside and labside single‐tooth restorations
Authors: Zuercher Anina N. , Ioannidis Alexis , Hüsler Jürg , Mehl Albert , Hämmerle Christoph H. F. , Thoma Daniel S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo test whether or not a chairside workflow (CHAIR) is similar to a labside workflow (LAB) in terms of efficacy (primary outcome) and efficiency (secondary outcome).Material and methodsEighteen subjects in need of a single‐tooth restoration in the posterior region of the maxilla or mandible were consecutively recruited and randomly assigned to the CHAIR or LAB workflow. Patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs; efficacy) were assessed using a questionnaire with visual analog scale. The white Æsthetic score (WES) was applied to evaluate the Æsthetic outcome objectively. The clinical and laboratory time (efficiency) were recorded. Nonparametric methods were applied for the group comparisons.ResultsThe overall median Æsthetic evaluation after treatment was 10 (interquartile range = IQR: 9.5–10) in group CHAIR and 10 (IQR: 9.5–10) in‐group LAB (Mann–Whitney [MW] test p = 1.000). The WES amounted to 4 (IQR: 3–5) (CHAIR) and to 8 (IQR: 7–9) (LAB) (MW test p < 0.0001). The median total working time for the clinician in‐group CHAIR was 49.9 min. (IQR: 40.9–63.7) and 41.4 min. (IQR: 37.2–58.2) in‐group LAB (MW test p = 0.387).ConclusionsSubjective PROMs of single‐tooth supported restorations fabricated in a CHAIR or LAB workflow led to similar scores of patients' satisfaction and a moderate negative correlation for the objective evaluation of the clinician in the LAB workflow.Clinical significancePROMs can be considered a key element in the decision‐making process for restoring single‐tooth restorations. The patients' perception of Æsthetics was similar for the CHAIR or LAB workflows. The additional efforts undertaken with the LAB workflow did not result in a patient benefit when compared to a CHAIR workflow.
Aspects of the pathology induced by Spinitectus petterae Boomker, 1993 in the stomach of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) using light and scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Austin Lucinda , Dos Santos Quinton Marco , Avenant‐Oldewage Annemariè 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSpinitectus spp. (Rhabdochonidae) are enteric nematodes characterized by annular spines. At the anterior end, these spines assist attachment and aid penetration into the host tissue. During parasitological surveys of the Vaal River system from three localities, below the Vaal River Barrage in the Vaal Dam surrounding UJ island and below the Grootdraai Dam, Spinitectus specimens were collected from the stomach lining of the sharptooth catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822). Histopathological effects induced by Spinitectus petterae Boomker, 1993 on C. gariepinus has not been studied. Thus, the aim of this study was to describe the histopathology induced by S. petterae. For light microscopic examination, tissue samples with attached S. petterae were sectioned and stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Additionally, attached nematodes were also studied using scanning electron microscopy. Leukocytes were counted with the Disector principle. Standard infection parameters (prevalence, mean intensity and abundance) were calculated and compared to host parameters. Prevalence varied greatly (11.77% to 100%) between localities. Histopathology induced by S. petterae to C. gariepinus stomach (cardiac region) consisted of significant leukocyte infiltration, acute ulcerations and chronic granuloma formation. This was similar to the pathology of other Spinitectus occurring in host anterior intestine and stomach, but granuloma formation had not been previously reported and this suggests chronic infection in wild caught fish.
Knowledge, perceptions and behaviours regarding dietary management of adults living with phenylketonuria
Authors: Firman Sarah J. , Ramachandran Radha , Whelan Kevin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundLifelong dietary treatment remains the mainstay for many with phenylketonuria (PKU); however, adherence is known to reduce with age. It remains unclear whether knowledge and perceptions of the PKU diet amongst adults with PKU influence dietary behaviours.MethodsA nationwide questionnaire survey was performed to investigate the knowledge and perceptions, and associated diet behaviours of adults with PKU in the UK. The survey was sent to adults with PKU under the care of the host hospital and members of the National Society of PKU.ResultsOne hundred and thirty‐seven respondents (n = 78 females, 56.9%) completed the survey with a mean age of 34 years and 4 months (16–65 years). Sixty (43.8%) respondents had always followed a PKU diet, 39 (28.5%) returned to diet and 35 (25.5%) were off diet. Overall mean ± SD knowledge score was 75.2% ± 13.4%, with significantly higher scores for knowledge of PKU (80.7% ± 16.2%) compared to knowledge specifically of the PKU diet (72.6% ± 14.5%, p < 0.001). Knowledge was associated with dietary adherence. Respondents who always followed a PKU diet had similar knowledge to those who returned to diet, whereas respondents off diet had significantly lower scores. Perception of the diet was not a predictor of dietary adherence, with the exception of whether patients had concerns for their long‐term health when on diet or felt well when not following a diet.ConclusionsThe present study highlights the importance of ongoing dietetic input in building knowledge and skills for dietary management. Further research is needed to understand the motivators and beliefs that influence dietary adherence.
A novel application of check‐all‐that‐apply with semi‐trained assessors for tea sensory characterization and preference: Using Longjing tea as a case study
Authors: Tong Yi‐Lin , Zhu Ruo‐Lan , Li Chun‐Lin , Guo Hao‐Wei , Huang Chuang‐Sheng , Zhou Sen‐Jie , Gong Shu‐Ying , Fan Fang‐Yuan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe consumer‐centric tea‐sensory evaluation is the premise and guarantee for product optimization and consumer guidance. However, there is no effective consumer‐centric tea sensory characterization tool till now. The goal of this study was to explore a novel application of check‐all‐that‐apply with semi‐trained assessors (ST‐CATA) on tea sensory characterization and hedonic driver investigation, using Longjing teas with complex flavor characteristics as a case study. In this study, a 17 attributes lexicon and corresponding references were developed as attributes marker for sensory training. 17 Longjing teas with different sensory characteristics were analyzed by ST‐CATA (N = 40). Tea characterization by ST‐CATA based on correspondence analysis (CA) and multidimensional alignment (MDA) showed that fresh‐type, roasty‐type and defect‐type Longjing teas were distinguished successfully. Penalty analysis based on hedonic scale from ST‐CATA indicated that fresh‐type and roasty‐type Longjing tea were two directions for consumer preferences. Attributes “tender flavor”, “umami”, “sweetness”, “Orchid‐like aroma”, “roasty”, and “fresh” were the key drivers for overall liking, while “grassy flavor”, “strong”, “bitterness”, and “astringency” were negatively associated with overall liking. Overall results verified ST‐CATA is a valuable consumer‐centric tool for tea sensory characterization, which have powerful potential for identifying liking drivers and directions for consumption preference.Practical ApplicationTea sensory characteristics are complex and variable. This study developed a novel consumer‐centric method for tea sensory evaluation based on check‐all‐that‐apply with semi‐trained assessors (ST‐CATA). An effective tea characterization was performed by ST‐CATA and used to hedonic analysis with acceptable sensitivity. The novel application of ST‐CATA was verified to be suitable for tea sensory analysis and consumer preference with the advantage of easy‐to‐understand and intuitive consumer experience, which provided effective information for tea product optimization and consumer guidance.
Mask use during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A descriptive survey in South Korea
Authors: Kim Hyo Jung , Han Song Yi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractExtensive research on the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is underway. However, there are not many studies on the use of masks, which are essential for infection prevention. This descriptive study aimed to understand the factors influencing the use of masks by Korean adults during COVID‐19. We conducted an online survey with 280 adults in South Korea between August and September 2020, analyzing the data using SPSS version 24.0. Multiple regression analyses were performed to understand the factors that influence individuals' use of masks. The participants' perceived susceptibility, perceived barriers, other people's dignity, compliance with public order, reasonable decision making, and subjective norms explained 21.6% of mask use. Mask use is expected to increase further if people perceive a personal need to wear masks, if their peers perceive the importance of mask use, and if they possess civic consciousness that considers society as a whole. This paper makes a significant contribution to the field of public health, with evidence‐based recommendations for increasing mask use, going beyond simply attributing mask use to individual preferences.
Outcome with surgical treatment of canine soft tissue sarcoma in the region of the ischiatic tuberosity: A veterinary society of surgical oncology retrospective study
Authors: Paulos Patrisha E. , Boston Sarah , Skinner Owen T. , Liptak Julius M. , Amsellem Pierre M. , Fournier Quentin , Wood Christopher J. , Annoni Maurizio , Murgia Daniela , Oblak Michelle L. , Dean Barnaby L. , Baird Steven D. , Kulendra Nicola J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the outcome of dogs with soft tissue sarcoma (STS) within the region of the ischiatic tuberosity (ITSTS) treated surgically. This was a multi‐institutional retrospective study. Fifty‐two dogs met the inclusion criteria, which were: histologically confirmed STS in the region of the IT treated with surgical resection between March 1st, 2009 and March 1st, 2021 with a minimum follow‐up time of 6 months. Data collected included patient signalment, preoperative diagnostics, surgical intent/method, surgical complications, histopathology, margins, outcome and cause of death. Statistical analyses were performed to determine significant factors in the treatment and prognosis of ITSTS. Overall survival time (OST) and disease progression were negatively associated with tumour grade, while recurrence was positively associated with grade and incomplete margins. Of the 52 included dogs, there were 24 grade I, 20 grade II and 7 grade III tumours. Forty dogs had reported histopathologic margins of which 26 were reported to be complete and 14 were incomplete. OST and progression‐free survival was not reached for tumours graded as I or II and was 255 and 268 days respectively, for grade III. Median time to recurrence was not reached for tumours excised with complete margins and was 398 days for those with incomplete margins. The surgical complication rate was 25%. ITSTS was not found to be a unique clinical entity in dogs as tumour behavior, treatment recommendations, and prognosis were similar to STS in other locations, with overall outcome and prognosis influenced by histologic grade and margins. While surgical complications were common, none resulted in significant morbidity or mortality.