bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic autonomic nervous system states arise during emotions and manifest in basal physiology
Authors: Pasquini Lorenzo , Noohi Fatemeh , Veziris Christina R. , Kosik Eena L. , Holley Sarah R. , Lee Alex , Brown Jesse A. , Roy Ashlin R. K. , Chow Tiffany E. , Allen Isabel , Rosen Howard J. , Kramer Joel H. , Miller Bruce L. , Saggar Manish , Seeley William W. , Sturm Virginia E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe outflow of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is continuous and dynamic, but its functional organization is not well understood. Whether ANS patterns accompany emotions, or arise in basal physiology, remain unsettled questions in the field. Here, we searched for brief ANS patterns amidst continuous, multichannel physiological recordings in 45 healthy older adults. Participants completed an emotional reactivity task in which they viewed video clips that elicited a target emotion (awe, sadness, amusement, disgust, or nurturant love); each video clip was preceded by a pre‐trial baseline period and followed by a post‐trial recovery period. Participants also sat quietly for a separate 2‐min resting period to assess basal physiology. Using principal components analysis and unsupervised clustering algorithms to reduce the second‐by‐second physiological data during the emotional reactivity task, we uncovered five ANS states. Each ANS state was characterized by a unique constellation of patterned physiological changes that differentiated among the trials of the emotional reactivity task. These ANS states emerged and dissipated over time, with each instance lasting several seconds on average. ANS states with similar structures were also detectable in the resting period but were intermittent and of smaller magnitude. Our results offer new insights into the functional organization of the ANS. By assembling short‐lived, patterned changes, the ANS is equipped to generate a wide range of physiological states that accompany emotions and that contribute to the architecture of basal physiology.
Why did Argentina and Uruguay decide to pursue a carbon tax? Fiscal reforms and explicit carbon prices
Authors: Rabbia Martin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSince 2014, carbon taxes have been spreading in South America. Counterintuitively, while they are primarily considered climate policies, their adoption has been largely driven by causes unrelated to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The carbon tax policymaking literature has overlooked the causes that trigger the causal mechanisms for adopting carbon taxes and has instead centered on parts of the causal mechanism. Focusing on the very beginning of the process, namely the causes triggering the decision to pursue carbon taxes in Argentina and Uruguay, this study both contributes to the carbon tax policymaking literature and to the burgeoning application of logical Bayesian analysis in qualitative studies. According to previous studies, the pursuit of carbon taxes inherently entails political challenges linked, among others, to its potential regressive impacts and effects on industries, which makes the sudden rise of carbon taxes in Argentina and Uruguay surprising. Based on 26 expert interviews and a desk review, the study applies a logical Bayesian analysis to study potential causes structured around mutually exclusive hypotheses consistent with the carbon tax policymaking literature. It shows that the causes for pursuing carbon taxes in Argentina and Uruguay are not primarily related to mitigation. Instead, Argentina conceived carbon taxation as part of a broader reform of its fiscal system, and Uruguay as a way to make explicit the already high implicit carbon price.
Bacterial culture time to detection in platelet components: An evidence synthesis and estimation of detection failures
Authors: Walker Brandon S. , Schmidt Robert L. , Moore Ryleigh A. , White Sandra K. , Fisher Mark A. , Metcalf Ryan A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundNon‐pathogen reduction platelet bacterial risk control strategies in the US FDA guidance include at least one culture. Almost all of these strategies have a culture hold time of ≥12 h. Studies have reported time to detection (TTD) of bacterial cultures inoculated with bacteria from contaminated platelets, but these data and estimates of risk associated with detection failures have not been synthesized.MethodsWe performed a literature search to identify studies reporting TTD for samples obtained from spiked platelet components. Using extracted data, regression analysis was used to estimate TTD for culture bottles at different inoculum sizes. Detection failures were defined as events in which contaminated components are transfused to a patient. We then used published data on time of transfusion (ToT) to estimate the risk of detection failures in practice.ResultsThe search identified 1427 studies, of which 16 were included for analysis. TTD data were available for 16 different organisms, including 14 in aerobic cultures and 11 in anaerobic cultures. For inocula of 1 colony forming unit (CFU), the average TTD for aerobic organisms was 19.2 h while it was 24.9 h in anaerobic organisms, but there was substantial overall variation. A hold time of 12 versus 24 h had minimal effect for most organisms.ConclusionTTD variation occurs between bacterial species and within a particular species. Under typical inventory management, the relative contribution of culture detection failures is much smaller than the residual risk from sampling failures. Increasing the hold period beyond 12 h has limited value.
British and American norms in the Trinidadian English lexicon
Authors: Wilson Guyanne 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPrevious work on norm orientations in the Caribbean Englishes has focussed largely on phonological norms, such as accents, and, to a lesser extent, grammatical norm orientation. Outside of the publication of dictionaries, however, lexical norms and their spread have received little attention. This paper examines lexical norm orientations in Trinidadian English, presenting the results of a corpus‐based study and survey study of the lexical preferences of speakers of Trinidadian English. The findings suggest that while there is evidence of American influence on Trinidadian lexicon, British variants persist. Indeed, British and American variants often coexist, albeit with different connotations in Trinidadian English. From a methodological standpoint, this paper demonstrates the benefits of using a mixed‐methods approach in looking at norms, particularly with regard to lexicon.
A split seesaw model with hidden neutrinoless double beta decay but successful leptogenesis
Authors: Zhao Zhen-hua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn a paper by Asaka, Ishida and Tanaka (Phys. Rev. D 103:015014, 2021), they proposed a novel possibility (which will be referred to as the AIT ansatz) that, in spite of the Majorana nature of neutrinos, the neutrinoless double beta ($$0\nu \beta \beta $$

0
ν
β
β

) decay can be hidden. In the original AIT model, the AIT ansatz is realized in the minimal seesaw model with two right-handed neutrinos which have a hierarchical mass structure: the lighter and heavier right-handed neutrinos are respectively much lighter and heavier than the typical Fermi-momentum scale of nuclei. However, the original AIT model does not accommodate a successful leptogenesis. For this problem, in this paper we study a split seesaw model with one lighter right-handed neutrino but two heavier right-handed neutrinos which can realize the AIT ansatz and accommodate a successful leptogenesis simultaneously. We first give the condition on the neutrino Yukawa couplings for realizing the AIT ansatz, discuss its realization by employing an Abelian flavor symmetry, and study its implications for the mixing of the lighter right-handed neutrino with three left-handed neutrinos. We then successively study the implications for leptogenesis of the interesting scenarios where $$M_{{\textrm{D}}}$$

M
D

is a triangular matrix (which has maximally-restricted texture zeros, in line with the simplicity principle) or respects the $$\mu $$
μ
-$$\tau $$
τ
reflection symmetry (which is well motivated by the experimental results), on top of the AIT ansatz.
Retrieving Lost Texts: Early Persian Newspapers of Bombay
Authors: Ranganathan Murali 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
While the study of the history of print culture in India is still at an early stage, languages moribund in India, like Persian, have been all but ignored in this narrative. Persian newspapers of the nineteenth century, especially from its first half, played an important role in the development of the Indian public sphere. To a certain extent, they continued in the vein of the pre-British akhbārs, while on the other hand, they took on gradually the character of a modern newspaper. Bombay (Mumbai), for historical and geographical reasons, emerged as a center of Persian language activity during this period and its rapidly burgeoning printing infrastructure facilitated the development of Persian, as a language for books and newspapers. Using a range of contemporary government records and newspapers, an attempt is made here to reconstruct the history of these early Persian newspapers. Over a dozen Persian newspapers are identified, most of them for the first time; a preliminary attempt is made to understand the impact of these newspapers and the motivations of their Parsi, Hindu, and Muslim editors.
A novel strategy against hepatitis B virus: Glycyrrhetnic acid conjugated multi-component synergistic nano-drug delivery system for targeted therapy
Authors: Guan QingXia , Zhou XiaoYing , Yang FangFang , Zhang Xue , Wang YanHong , Li WeiNan , Li XiuYan 
Published: November 2022

It is well known that Glycyrrhetnic acid (GA) has significant liver-targeting and anti-inflammatory effects. Syringopicroside (SYR) and Hydroxytyrosol (HT), the active components of the Chinese herb Syringa oblata Lindl, have earned great reputation for their potential in preventing or treating viral hepatitis type B. Therefore, we loaded SYR and HT into GA-conjugated PEG-PLGA, so that they could target the liver in additional to exerting their own pharmacological effects in a synergistic. However, the in vivo targeting and the low bioavailability of SYR and HT pose a huge challenge. Therefore, we synthesized GA-conjugated multi-component nano-drug delivery system (SH-GPP). SH-GPP had a regular spherical shape with a uniform size distribution of 110.5 ± 3.18 nm. We further evaluated the effects of SH-GPP in vitro and in vivo. In the in vivo experiment, we evaluated the following parameters: the serum ALT and AST values; liver tissue homogenate MDA and SOD; HE staining of the pathological liver sections; and the liver coefficient. In the in vitro studies, the following parameters were evaluated: cellular uptake of SH-GPP; wound healing/scratch assay; cellular apoptosis; cell cycle; HBsAg; and HBeAg content. SH-GPP had better anti-hepatitis B effect than Syringopicroside and hydroxytyrosol (SH) and NPP alone. The targeting ability of GA enabled HT and SYR in GPP to reach the liver accurately, and played a synergistic role to maximize their therapeutic effects. This study provides a novel strategy against hepatitis B virus, and also provides a feasible scheme for improving the low bioavailability of the active components of traditional Chinese medicine.
Establishment survey participation during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Küfner Benjamin , Sakshaug Joseph W. , Zins Stefan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEstablishment surveys around the globe have measured the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on establishments’ conditions and business practices. At the same time, the consequences of the pandemic, such as closures, hygiene standards, or remote work arrangements, may have also altered patterns of survey participation and introduced nonresponse bias, threatening the quality of establishment survey data. To investigate these issues, this article examines fieldwork outcomes, nonresponse bias, and predictors of survey participation in the IAB-Job Vacancy Survey. As comparisons with previous survey years show, it became more difficult to successfully interview establishments during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using linked administrative data, we show that nonresponse bias was higher in 2020 compared to previous years, even after applying the standard weighting adjustment. However, general patterns of survey participation in 2020 were similar to previous years and COVID-19 related measures were not strong predictors of survey participation in 2020. Further, we provide evidence that nonresponse bias during the pandemic can be reduced by incorporating additional administrative variables into the weighting procedure relative to the standard weighting variables. We conclude this article with a discussion of the findings and implications for survey practitioners.
COVID-19, normative attitudes and pluralistic ignorance in employer-employee relationships
Authors: Abraham Martin , Collischon Matthias , Grimm Veronika , Kreuter Frauke , Moser Klaus , Niessen Cornelia , Schnabel Claus , Stephan Gesine , Trappmann Mark , Wolbring Tobias 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEmployment relationships are embedded in a network of social norms that provide an implicit framework for desired behaviour, especially if contractual solutions are weak. The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about major changes that have led to situations, such as the scope of short-time work or home-based work in a firm. Against this backdrop, our study addresses three questions: first, are there social norms dealing with these changes; second, are there differences in attitudes between employees and supervisors (misalignment); and third, are there differences between respondents’ average attitudes and the attitudes expected to exist in the population (pluralistic ignorance). We find that for the assignment of short-time work and of work at home, there are shared normative attitudes with only small differences between supervisors and nonsupervisors. Moreover, there is evidence for pluralistic ignorance; asked for the perceived opinion of others, respondents over- or underestimated the consensus in the (survey) population. Such pluralistic ignorance can contribute to the upholding of a norm even if individuals do not support the norm, with potentially far-reaching consequences for the quality of the employment relationship and the functioning of the organization. Our results show that, especially in times of change, social norms should be considered for the analysis of labour markets.
Periodontal condition and ultrasound-based measures of arterial stiffness: results of the Health 2000 Survey
Authors: Ollikainen Emilia , Tervonen Tellervo , Suominen Anna Liisa , Knuuttila Matti , Jula Antti , Saxlin Tuomas , Ylöstalo Pekka 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Periodontitis has been associated with inflammatory processes in arterial walls such as impairment in endothelial function and thickening of intima media. As inflammation plays a role also in arterial stiffening, an association between periodontal inflammation and arterial stiffness can be expected. So far, conflicting results of the association between periodontal disease and arterial stiffness have been reported. Many of the earlier studies were conducted in specific populations and heterogeneous measures of both arterial stiffness and periodontal status were used. In this population-based study we aimed to investigate whether periodontal pocketing and gingival bleeding are associated with ultrasound-based measures of arterial stiffness.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, two sets of data based on the national Health 2000 Survey in Finland were formed. Data set I comprised never-smoking 45–64-year-old dentate (≥ 10 natural teeth), non-diabetic, non-rheumatic, non-obese (BMI ≤ 30 kg/m2), non-hypertensive subjects with no coronary artery disease or ongoing lipid-lowering medications (n = 157). Data set II was formed of an unrestricted 45–74-year-old dentate population (n = 536). Four arterial stiffness measures (carotid artery compliance, Peterson’s elastic modulus, Young’s elastic modulus and beta stiffness index) based on an ultrasound examination of the common carotid artery were used. Periodontal parameters included the number of teeth with ≥ 4 mm deep periodontal pockets and the number of sextants with gingival bleeding. β-estimates, confidence intervals, and p-values were obtained from linear regression models.

Results
In Data set I, the adjusted β-estimates for the association between the number of teeth with ≥ 4 mm deep periodontal pockets and Peterson’s elastic modulus and Young’s elastic modulus were 15.80 (p = 0.12) and 61.02 (p = 0.22), respectively. The respective β-estimates were 31.06 (p = 0.17) and 121.16 (p = 0.28) for the association between the number of bleeding sextants and these two stiffness measures. The results in Data set II were in line with the results in Data set I, with the exception that the adjusted β-estimates for the associations between Peterson’s elastic modulus and Young’s elastic modulus and periodontal parameters were closer to null.

Conclusions
This population-based study did not provide evidence of an association between periodontal condition and arterial stiffness.
Bromodomain-containing factor GTE4 regulates Arabidopsis immune response
Authors: Zhou Qin , Sun Yingnan , Zhao Xiwang , Yu Yue , Cheng Weijia , Lu Li , Chu Zhaohui , Chen Xiangsong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Plants are continuously challenged with biotic stress from environmental pathogens, and precise regulation of defense responses is critical for plant survival. Defense systems require considerable amounts of energy and resources, impairing plant growth, and plant hormones controlling transcriptional regulation play essential roles in establishing the appropriate balance between defense response to pathogens and growth. Chromatin regulators modulating gene transcription are broadly involved in regulating stress-responsive genes. However, which chromatin factors are involved in coordinating hormone signaling and immune responses in plants, and their functional mechanisms, remains unclear. Here, we identified a role of bromodomain-containing protein GTE4 in negatively regulating defense responses in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Results
GTE4 mainly functions as activator of gene expression upon infection with Pseudomonas syringe. Genome-wide profiling of GTE4 occupancy shows that GTE4 tends to bind to active genes, including ribosome biogenesis related genes and maintains their high expression levels during pathogen infection. However, GTE4 is also able to repress gene expression. GTE4 binds to and represses jasmonate biosynthesis gene OPR3. Disruption of GTE4 results in overaccumulation of jasmonic acid (JA) and enhanced JA-responsive gene expression. Unexpectedly, over-accumulated JA content in gte4 mutant is coupled with downregulation of JA-mediated immune defense genes and upregulation of salicylic acid (SA)-mediated immune defense genes, and enhanced resistance to Pseudomonas, likely through a noncanonical pathway.

Conclusions
Overall, we identified a new role of the chromatin factor GTE4 as negative regulator of plant immune response through inhibition of JA biosynthesis, which in turn noncanonically activates the defense system against Pseudomonas. These findings provide new knowledge of chromatic regulation of plant hormone signaling during defense responses.
IgG response to spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 in healthy individuals and potential of intravenous IgG as treatment for COVID-19
Authors: Wang Gang , He Zebao , Wu Fengtian , Ge Zhengming , Zhu Jiansheng , Chen Zhi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is currently a worldwide pandemic. There are limited available treatments for severe COVID-19 patients. However, some evidence suggests that intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) provides clinical benefits for these patients.

Methods
We administered IVIg to 23 severe COVID-19 patients, and all of them survived. Four related coronaviruses can cause the common cold. We speculated that cross-reactivity of SARS-CoV-2 and other common coronaviruses might partially explain the clinical efficacy of IVIg therapy. Thus, we performed multiple alignment analysis of the spike (S), membrane (M), and nucleotide (N) proteins from SARS-CoV-2 and the common coronaviruses to identify conserved regions. Next, we synthesized 25 peptides that were conserved regions and tested their IVIg seropositivity.

Results
The results indicated four peptides had significant or nearly significant seropositivity, and all of them were associated with the S and M proteins. Examination of the immune responses of healthy volunteers to each synthetic peptide indicated high seropositivity to the two peptides from S protein. Blood samples from healthy individuals may have pre-existing anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgGs, and IVIg is a potentially effective therapy for severe COVID-19.

Conclusion
In conclusion, blood samples from many healthy individuals have pre-existing anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgGs, and IVIg may be an effective therapy for severe COVID-19.
Role of postoperative chemoradiotherapy in head and neck cancer without positive margins or extracapsular extension: a propensity score-matching analysis
Authors: Liu Zhi-Qiao , OuYang Pu-Yun , Zhang Bao-Yu , Chen En-Ni , Xiao Su-Ming , Yang Shan-Shan , Yang Zhong-Yuan , Xie Fang-Yun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this work was to determine whether patients with intermediate-risk head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) can benefit from postoperative chemoradiotherapy (POCRT).MethodsPatients without extracapsular extension (ECE) or positive margins (PMs) who received POCRT or postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) at our center were retrospectively (December 2009 to October 2018) included for analysis, in particular, using a propensity score-matching method.ResultsAfter matching, 264 patients were enrolled, including 142 (41.2%) patients with pT3-4, 136 (38.3%) patients with pN2-3, 68 (21.1%) patients with perineural invasion, and 45 (12.8%) patients with lymphatic/vascular space invasion. With a median follow-up of 52 months, 3-year overall survival (OS), locoregional relapse-free survival (LRFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 72.4%, 79.3%, 83.5% and 62.5%, respectively. pN2-3 was an independent risk factor for OS (p < 0.001), DFS (p < 0.001), LRFS (p < 0.001) and DMFS (p = 0.002), while pT3-4 was a poor prognostic factor for DMFS (p = 0.005). Overall, patients receiving POCRT had no significant differences from those receiving PORT in OS (p = 0.062), DFS (p = 0.288), LRFS (p = 0.076) or DMFS (p = 0.692). But notably, patients with pN2-3 achieved better outcomes from POCRT than PORT in 3-year OS (p = 0.050, 63.9% vs. 47.9%) and LRFS (p = 0.019, 74.6% vs. 54.9%). And patients with pT3-4 also had higher 3-year LRFS (p = 0.014, 88.5% vs. 69.1%) if receiving POCRT.ConclusionsAmong all intermediate-risk pathological features, pN2-3 and pT3-4 were independent unfavorable prognostic factors for patients with HNSCC without PMs or ECE. POCRT can improve the survival outcomes of patients with pN2-3 or pT3-4.