bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-time, in situ measurement of H2O generated during in situ combustion tests using 1f-normalized wavelength modulation spectroscopy with second harmonic detection
Authors: Duque Juan E. , Jaramillo Manuel , López Sebastian , Torres Pedro , Molina Alejandro 
Published: November 2022

The development and deployment of a real-time, in situ, non-invasive sensor to monitor the concentration of

H

2

O

during in situ combustion (ISC) experiments with a heavy-crude oil is described. A real-time sensor to monitor the gas-phase products from ISC can support the study of the kinetics of the complex chemical reactive system in ISC. The mole fraction of

H

2

O

was measured using tunable diode laser (TDL) absorption spectroscopy coupled with

1
f

-normalized wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) and

2
f

detection. The WMS

2
f

/

1
f

strategy was used to enhance sensitivity with effective noise rejection, particularly suitable when characterizing the water vapor evolved from oil–water emulsions.

H

2

O

was measured at

3934.10

c
m

−
1

from the fundamental band

v

3

. That transition was selected using the HITRAN database to increase the line strength and minimize interference from neighbor compounds. Measurements of

H

2

O

concentration were conducted at ambient temperature and pressure using a reference cell (

H

2

O

=

2

%

at 98.6 kPa) to validate the sensor architecture under controlled laboratory environments. The TDL sensor was also successfully validated during real ISC experiments involving heavy-crude oil. Validation and combustion experiments showed the potential of the TDL-based sensor for non-invasive, real-time, in situ measurements of gas-phase species in conditions similar to those of laboratory-scale experimental ISC tests.
Electro-optically tunable cascaded second-order nonlinearity induced (2 + 1)D spatial optical soliton using bulk β-barium borate crystal: a theoretical approach
Authors: Deb Sharbari , Behera Satadru , Saha Ardhendu 
Published: November 2022

This paper deals with the development of an effective theoretical approach to generate spatial optical soliton in exceptionally beneficial bulk beta-barium-borate crystal by utilizing cascaded second-order nonlinearity through electro-optic tuning. The proposed methodology paves the way for novel nonlinear optical interactions conceptualized in bulk material depending upon an effective nonlinear refractive index for a broad range of crystal lengths. The development of

(

2

+

1

)

D

spatial bright soliton has been analytically demonstrated at 800 nm wavelength of the incident continuous-wave optical radiation, and the implication of tunable electro-optic effect to the crystal’s nonlinear response is also presented here. Involvement of the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation has been utilized to develop the necessary and sufficient criteria for self-trapping optical beams considering both linear and nonlinear absorption losses. In conformity with the findings of the simulation, the beam diameter of a generated spatial soliton within this anisotropic crystal is near 56 µm while maintaining precise peak intensity

∼

0.8

G
W

/

c
m

2

.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) towards COVID-19 pandemic among pregnant women in a tertiary hospital in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Naz Sumaira , Dur e Shawar Syeda , Saleem Shamila , Malik Ayesha , Raza Amir 
Published: November 2022

Background
The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of the pregnant population during the COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary care hospital.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. KAP towards COVID-19 was assessed using 21-item questionnaires. A score for each category was calculated and points were summed. The outcome variables of KAP were compared with demographic characteristics. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 19.

Results
A total of 377 patients participated in the study. The majority of the patients were multiparous (36.8%) in the age group of 30-40years (42.4%). More than 90% of patients were aware of COVID-19 symptoms and mode of transmission. They were aware of no cure for disease and optimum social distance. Although < 50% of patients truly answered the questions regarding the impact of COVID-19 on the risk of congenital malformation, vertical transmission, and the effect of infection on the mode of delivery. Regarding attitude and practices,> 90% of patients were anxious about fetal and personal safety, they are using a facemask, sanitizing their hands regularly, and avoiding social gatherings. Univariate and multivariable linear regression analysis showed statistically significant results among demographic variables (age, parity, family members, occupational status, and source of information).

Conclusion
Pregnant patients demonstrated inadequate knowledge regarding the impact of COVID-19 on pregnancy. However positive attitude and practices on preventive measures were good. This highlights the need for health education for pregnant women for COVID-19 to improve knowledge on a constant basis.
STIMULATE-ICP-Delphi (Symptoms, Trajectory, Inequalities and Management: Understanding Long-COVID to Address and Transform Existing Integrated Care Pathways Delphi): Study protocol
Authors: van der Feltz-Cornelis Christina M. , Sweetman Jennifer , Allsopp Gail , Attree Emily , Crooks Michael G. , Cuthbertson Daniel J. , Forshaw Denise , Gabbay Mark , Green Angela , Heightman Melissa , Hillman Toby , Hishmeh Lyth , Khunti Kamlesh , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Lorgelly Paula , Montgomery Hugh , Strain W. David , Wall Emma , Watkins Caroline , Williams Nefyn , Wootton Dan G. , Banerjee Amitava ,   for the STIMULATE-ICP Consortium
Published: November 2022

Introduction
As mortality rates from COVID-19 disease fall, the high prevalence of long-term sequelae (Long COVID) is becoming increasingly widespread, challenging healthcare systems globally. Traditional pathways of care for Long Term Conditions (LTCs) have tended to be managed by disease-specific specialties, an approach that has been ineffective in delivering care for patients with multi-morbidity. The multi-system nature of Long COVID and its impact on physical and psychological health demands a more effective model of holistic, integrated care. The evolution of integrated care systems (ICSs) in the UK presents an important opportunity to explore areas of mutual benefit to LTC, multi-morbidity and Long COVID care. There may be benefits in comparing and contrasting ICPs for Long COVID with ICPs for other LTCs.

Methods and analysis
This study aims to evaluate health services requirements for ICPs for Long COVID and their applicability to other LTCs including multi-morbidity and the overlap with medically not yet explained symptoms (MNYES). The study will follow a Delphi design and involve an expert panel of stakeholders including people with lived experience, as well as clinicians with expertise in Long COVID and other LTCs. Study processes will include expert panel and moderator panel meetings, surveys, and interviews. The Delphi process is part of the overall STIMULATE-ICP programme, aimed at improving integrated care for people with Long COVID.

Ethics and dissemination
Ethical approval for this Delphi study has been obtained (Research Governance Board of the University of York) as have approvals for the other STIMULATE-ICP studies. Study outcomes are likely to inform policy for ICPs across LTCs. Results will be disseminated through scientific publication, conference presentation and communications with patients and stakeholders involved in care of other LTCs and Long COVID.

Registration
Researchregistry: https://www.researchregistry.com/browse-the-registry#home/registrationdetails/6246bfeeeaaed6001f08dadc/.
Does the fit of personal protective equipment affect functional performance? A systematic review across occupational domains
Authors: Brisbine Brooke R. , Radcliffe Ceridwen R. , Jones Monica L. H. , Stirling Leia , Coltman Celeste E. 
Published: November 2022

Objective
To explore the effect of personal protective equipment (PPE) fit on functional performance across a range of occupational domains.

Background
PPE introduces an ergonomic, human systems integration, and mass burden to the wearer, and these factors are thought to be amplified if PPE is ill-fitting. However, few studies have considered the role of fit (static, dynamic, and cognitive) when evaluating PPE-related performance detriments in occupational settings.

Method
A systematic literature review was conducted to identify relevant studies, which were then critically appraised based on methodological quality and collated to compare key findings and present evidence-based recommendations for future research directions across a range of occupational domains.

Results
16 published studies met the inclusion criteria, 88% of which found that the fit of PPE had a statistically significant effect on occupational performance. Poorly sized PPE resulted in slower or increased reaction time; decreased range of motion or mobility; decreased endurance or tolerance; decreased pulmonary function; and altered muscle activation. Limited research met the inclusion criteria and those that did had risks of bias in methodology quality.

Conclusion
Future research evaluating the effect of PPE on performance in occupational settings should aim to recruit a more representative population; consider sex as a covariate; quantify and evaluate PPE fit and performance when integrated with all relevant equipment items; include outcome measures related to all three categories of fit (static, dynamic, cognitive); and assess performance of operationally relevant tasks.
No increased risk of cancer associated with metal-on-metal or ceramic-on-ceramic procedures compared to other bearing surfaces in patients with total hip arthroplasty: A nationwide linked registry cohort analysis of 167,837 patients
Authors: Pratt Nicole L. , Cicuttini Flavia M. , Wang Yuanyuan , Graves Stephen E. 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesStudies have identified increased cancer risk among patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) compared to the general population. However, evidence of all-cause and site-specific cancer risk associated with different bearing surfaces has varied, with previous studies having short latency periods with respect to use of modern Metal-on-Metal (MoM) bearings. Using the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry (AOANJRR) linked to Australasian Association of Cancer Registries data, our aim was to evaluate risk of all-cause and site-specific cancer according to bearing surfaces in patients undergoing THA for osteoarthritis and whether risk increased with MoM bearings.MethodsStandardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by comparing number of observed cancer cases to expected number based on incidence rate in the Australian population. All-cause and site-specific cancer rates were calculated for all conventional stemmed THA (csTHA) and resurfacing THA (rsTHA) procedures performed for osteoarthritis. Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare cancer rates for MoM, ceramic-on-ceramic (CoC) and resurfacing procedures with a comparison group comprising metal-on-polyethylene (MoP) or ceramic-on-polyethylene (CoP) procedures.ResultsThere were 156,516 patients with csTHA procedures and 11,321 with rsTHA procedures for osteoarthritis performed between 1999 and 2012. Incidence of all-cause cancer was significantly higher for csTHA (SIR 1.24, 95% CI 1.22–1.26) and rsTHA (SIR 1.74, 95% CI 1.39–2.04) compared to the Australian population. For csTHA, there was no significant difference in all-site cancer rates for MoM (Hazard Ratio (HR) 1.01, 95%CI 0.96–1.07) or CoC (HR 0.98, 95%CI 0.94–1.02) compared to MoP and CoP bearings. Significantly increased risk of melanoma, non-Hodgkins lymphoma, myeloma, leukaemia, prostate, colon, bladder and kidney cancer was found for csTHA and, prostate cancer, melanoma for rsTHA procedures when compared to the Australian population, although risk was not significantly different across bearing surfaces.ConclusionscsTHA and rsTHA procedures were associated with increased cancer incidence compared to the Australian population. However, no excess risk was observed for MoM or CoC procedures compared to other bearing surfaces.
A network meta-analysis of 12,116 individuals from randomized controlled trials in the treatment of depression after acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Lim Grace En Hui , Tang Ansel , Chin Yip Han , Yong Jie Ning , Tan Darren , Tay Phoebe , Chan Yu Yi , Lim Denzel Ming Wei , Yeo Jun Wei , Chan Kai En , Devi Kamala , Ong Colin Eng Choon , Foo Roger S. Y. , Tan Huay-Cheem , Chan Mark Y. , Ho Roger , Loh Poay Huan , Chew Nicholas W. S. 
Published: November 2022

Background
Post-acute coronary syndrome (ACS) depression is a common but not well understood complication experienced by ACS patients. Research on the effectiveness of various therapies remains limited. Hence, we sought to conduct a network meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of different interventions for post-ACS depression in improving patient outcomes.

Methods and findings
Three electronic databases were searched for randomised controlled trials describing different depression treatment modalities in post-ACS patients. Each article was screened based on inclusion criteria and relevant data were extracted. A bivariate analysis and a network meta-analysis was performed using risk ratios (RR) and standardized mean differences (SMD) for binary and continuous outcomes, respectively.
A total of 30 articles were included in our analysis. Compared to standard care, psychosocial therapy was associated with the greatest reduction in depression scores (SMD:-1.21, 95% CI: -1.81 to -0.61, p<0.001), followed by cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) (SMD: -0.75, 95% CI: -0.99 to -0.52, p<0.001), antidepressants (SMD: -0.73, 95% CI: -1.14 to -0.31, p<0.001), and lastly, combination therapy (SMD: -0.15, 95% CI: -0.28 to -0.03, p = 0.016). No treatment modalities was found to be more effective in reducing depression scores when compared to one another. Additional analysis showed that these treatment modalities did not have significant impact on the overall mortality, cardiac mortality and recurrent myocardial infarction.

Conclusion
This network meta-analysis found that the treatment effect of the various psychological modalities on depression severity were similar. Future trials on psychological interventions assessing clinical outcomes and improvement in adherence to ACS-specific interventions are needed.
The Effect of Rehabilitation Intervention on Pain, Strength, Range of Motion, Hand Function and Quality of Life Patients with Upper Extremity Fracture - A Systematic Review
Authors: Thomas Erwin Christian Junus Huwae  , Panji Sananta  , Made Suariastawa Putra  , Mochammad Ridwan  , Vivid Prety Anggraini  , Agung Riyanto Budi Santoso  , Satria Pandu Persada Isma  
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND
The rehabilitation intervention for upper extremity fracture varies from shoulder to finger, obtained from physical modalities and exercise. Physical modality and exercise rehabilitation intervention effectively reduce pain, increase range of motion (ROM), hand function and improve quality of life. This systematic review aims to synthesize current scientific knowledge on rehabilitative interventions with a specific focus on upper extremity fractures and the effect of all interventions on the patient.
METHODS
Three scholarly databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct) were systematically searched. Literature published before 10 January 2022 focused on upper extremity fracture and rehabilitation treatment patients. Quality assessment was completed with CEBM tools by Oxford University. For PICO, The Population was upper extremity fractures, and the intervention was rehabilitation intervention, both physical modality and exercise. The comparation was other rehabilitation interventions or without rehabilitation, and the outcome in this study were measured with the visual analogue scale (VAS), ROM, hand function, and quality of life (QoL).
RESULTS
Eight studies were included in this review among 18.326 reference titles founded and screened. All of the studies had various sample sizes followed by bias analysis with CEBM tools. Rehabilitation for elbow fracture was dynamic fixation using rigid tape and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching. Rehabilitation for distal radius fracture was scapular exercise, graded motor imagery, hot pack on hand volume, illusory kinesthesia, and wrist exercise. These interventions can reduce the pain, improve strength, range of motion, hand function and quality of life in upper extremity fracture patients.
CONCLUSIONS
Exercise and physical modality rehabilitation intervention have proven to reduce pain, improve strength, range of motion, hand function and quality of life in upper extremity fracture patients.
Development and validation of a fish-based index of biotic integrity for assessing the ecological health of Indian Rivers Mahanadi and Kathajodi-Devi
Authors: Sajina Aliyamintakath Muhammadali , Sudheesan Deepa , Samanta Srikanta , Paul Samir Kumar , Bhowmick Sanjay , Nag Subir Kumar , Kumar Vikas , Das Basanta Kumar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
India has a vast network of 14 major rivers and their tributaries, covering 83% of the drainage basin and accounting for 85% of the surface flow. Anthropogenic activities like damming, channel modification, water abstraction, sewage and effluent disposal, sand mining, unthoughtful exploitation of biotic resources, etc. are the major threats faced by the rivers in the country. Monitoring protocol of Indian rivers lacks an integrated approach based on judicious use of both abiotic and biotic components as well as a total lack of consideration for ecological health. Index of Biotic Integrity is a flexible multimetric index that can be modified and adapted to the various zoogeographic regions of the world. A fish-based multi-metric IBI was developed by modifying and incorporating metrics that are sensitive to the various ecological stressors faced by Indian rivers, fishes being excellent indicators of river health. The adapted IBI was validated and used to assess ecological health of two rivers—Mahanadi, and its distributary Kathajodi-Devi—flowing through central-eastern India. The study indicated that in River Mahanadi, around 25% of the freshwater river stretch was slightly impaired and the remaining 75% stretch was moderately impaired. In Kathajodi-Devi, most of the river stretches were in a moderately impaired condition, except at Italnga stretch where the river was severely impaired. The Index of Biotic Integrity scores estimated could reflect the ecological health of the rivers. The study shows that use of Index of Biotic Integrity is a useful and reliable approach to assess the health conditions of Indian aquatic resources warranting initiatives to be taken to implement and incorporate it into the country's water resource management.
Fish diversity, community structure, and environmental variables of River Tamas, a tributary of River Ganga, India
Authors: Das Shyamal Chandra Sukla , Jha Dharm Nath , Kumar Vijay , Alam Absar , Srivastava Kalpana , Sahoo Amiya Kumar , Das Basanta Kumar 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Tamas River is a right-bank tributary of the River Ganga, originating from Jhukehi village in Madhya Pradesh and meeting up with the Ganga at Sirsa, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India. An investigation was carried out in six sites at (Itahara, S1), (Madhavgarh, S2), (Bakiya upstream, S3), (Bakiya downstream, S4), (Chakghat, S5) and (Panasaghat, S6) of the river to document the fish diversity, seasonal variability, and impact of environmental variables on fish species composition during the period 2017 to 2019. Altogether 75 fish species belonging to 54 genera, 23 families, and 10 orders were recorded. Fish species richness at (S1), (S2), (S3), (S4), (S5), and (S6) and was recorded as 9, 39, 38, 13, 61, and 49, respectively. Family Cyprinidae with 31 species contributing 41% was the most dominant family, followed by Bagridae (8%) and Schilbeidae (6.7%). Seasonal variation in fish species richness and diversity indices were observed in the river stretch. Maximum species richness (45) was observed at S5 during monsoon and a minimum (6) at S1 during post-monsoon. As per the International Union for Conservation of Nature categorization, 10 out of 75 fish species recorded from the river were considered to be threatened. Three exotic species, namely Cyprinus carpio, Oreochromis niloticus, and Hypophthalmichthys nobilis, were recorded at some stretches, which may be a concern for native fish diversity. Environmental variables like water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, water velocity, and alkalinity influenced the fish community structure. The selected (S1–S6) stretch of the river falls under the category of Slightly Impacted River based on the Shannon Index (H’ &gt;3). The present investigation was the first assessment of rich fish diversity covering the maximum stretch of river, which supports many important and small indigenous fishes for conservation.
Environmental flow estimation through a hydrology-based method in the Tamas River at Bakiya Barrage, Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Jha Dharm Nath , Das Shyamal Chandra Sukla , Srivastava Kalpana , Kumar Vijay , Sahoo Amiya Kumar , Srivastava Rama Shankar , Das Basanta Kumar 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe River Tamas is a right-bank tributary of the River Ganga flowing through the states of Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh, India. It originates in Jhukehi village in the Satna district of Madhya Pradesh and after 268 km it joins with the River Ganga at Sirsa, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh. The river has a diverse habitat and harbours a variety of flora and fauna. More than 70 fish species reside in the river, along with other biotic communities. A barrage, named Tons and situated at Bakiya village, was commissioned in 1992 for hydro-electric purposes. The continuity and volume of water in the river have been disturbed due to the construction of this barrage and it has changed the ecology and biodiversity. Keeping the ecosystem intact requires that environmental flow calculations be made of the river at the barrage. An attempt has been made to estimate the environmental flow requirement using a desktop hydrological method. Based on the flow duration curve (a hydrological method of flow estimation), the environmental flow for the River Tamas has been calculated using Global Environmental Flow Calculator software. Our calculation are based on flow discharge data received from the Tons Barrage Authority at Bakiya for the period January 2006 to December 2017. Average annual discharge was calculated from the recorded maximum (151.46 cumecs in 2016) and the minimum, 13.53 cumecs in 2007. Mean Annual Runoff was calculated as 1607 Million Cubic Meter with Coefficient of Variation =0.799. To maintain the river in the “slightly modified” class of Environmental Management Class, 27.8 % of Mean Annual Runoff discharge should be released into the river to largely maintain the biodiversity and habitat, while about 57% of Mean Annual Runoff discharge is required to maintain this river in pristine condition. This is a preliminary study to determine the water requirements for healthy habitat and biodiversity of the Tamas river.