bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does financial awareness increase the acceptance rate for financial inclusion? An empirical examination in the era of digital transformation
Authors: Al-Okaily Manaf , Alqudah Hamza , Al-Qudah Anas Ali , Al-Qadi Naim S. , Elrehail Hamzah , Al-Okaily Aws 
Published: June 2022

PurposeDespite extensive discussion of this topic in the life and financial transactions of people, there is a lack of empirical evidence related to challenges and opportunities of digital financial inclusion sustainability in the existing literature. Accordingly, this study aims at investigating the factors that influence the diffusion rate of digital financial services.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, the authors propose an integrated model by synthesising the extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2) with the perceived security and perceived privacy as independent variables, as well as the financial awareness as the moderator variable. The survey was distributed to the potential users of digital financial services rather than the actual users. A total of 270 responses were analysed by a quantitative method of Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM).FindingsThe results indicated the significant role of the postulated hypotheses that behavioural intention to use digital financial services platforms is significantly and positively influenced by the subjective norm, performance expectancy, price value, perceived security and perceived privacy, whilst the financial awareness was found to moderate some specified relationships.Originality/valueThere are few studies on this topic for the Arabian context. The information presented in this article can be useful for professionals and researchers, and further, implications of the study are discussed.
Networking the commons: creative commons project creators funding patterns in crowdfunding
Authors: Wang Rong , Lu Li , Fulk Janet 
Published: June 2022

PurposeGuided by the collective action theory, signaling theory and social identity approach, this study examines backing behavior by individuals who have created projects under CC licenses. Two motivational mechanisms were examined: (1) identification via common interests in the CC space; (2) resource signaling by other users via their diverse project creation experience, funding or commenting activity.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from Kickstarter.com. Exponential random graph modeling was used to examine how the two reviewed mechanisms influence the tie formation probability between Creative Commons (CC) project creators and other creators. The analysis was conducted on two subnetworks: one with ties between CC creators; and one with ties from CC creators to non-CC creators.FindingsThe study found that CC creators exhibit distinct backing patterns when considering funding other CC creators compared to non-CC users. When considering funding their peer CC creators, CC identity can help them allocate and support perceived in-group members; when considering funding non-CC creators, shared common interests in competitive project categories potentially triggers a competition mindset and makes them hold back when they see potential rivals.Originality/valueThis study makes three contributions. First, it draws from multiple theoretical frameworks to investigate unique motivations when crowdfunders take on dual roles of creators and funders and offered implications on how to manage competition and collaboration simultaneously. Second, with network analysis our study not only identifies multiple motivators at work for collective action, but also demonstrates their differential effects in crowdfunding. Third, the integration of multiple theoretical frameworks allows opportunities for theory building.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-05-2020-0166.
Bioactive polysaccharides and oligosaccharides from garlic (Allium sativum L.): Production, physicochemical and biological properties, and structure–function relationships
Authors: Qiu Zhichang , Qiao Yiteng , Zhang Bin , Sun‐Waterhouse Dongxiao , Zheng Zhenjia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGarlic is a common food, and many of its biological functions are attributed to its components including functional carbohydrates. Garlic polysaccharides and oligosaccharides as main components are understudied but have future value due to the growing demand for bioactive polysaccharides/oligosaccharides from natural sources. Garlic polysaccharides have molecular weights of 1 × 103 to 2 × 106 Da, containing small amounts of pectins and fructooligosaccharides and large amounts of inulin‐type fructans ((2→1)‐linked β‐d‐Fruf backbones alone or with attached (2→6)‐linked β‐d‐Fruf branched chains). This article provides a detailed review of research progress and identifies knowledge gaps in extraction, production, composition, molecular characteristics, structural features, physicochemical properties, bioactivities, and structure–function relationships of garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides. Whether the extraction processes, synthesis approaches, and modification methods established for other non‐garlic polysaccharides are also effective for garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides (to preserve their desired molecular structures and bioactivities) requires verification. The metabolic processes of ingested garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides (as food ingredients/dietary supplements), their modes of action in healthy humans or populations with chronic conditions, and molecular/chain organization–bioactivity relationships remain unclear. Future research directions related to garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides are discussed.
Using gridCoal to assess whether standard population genetic theory holds in the presence of spatio‐temporal heterogeneity in population size
Authors: Szép Enikő , Trubenová Barbora , Csilléry Katalin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSpatially explicit population genetic models have long been developed, yet have rarely been used to test hypotheses about the spatial distribution of genetic diversity or the genetic divergence between populations. Here, we use spatially explicit coalescence simulations to explore the properties of the island and the two‐dimensional stepping stone models under a wide range of scenarios with spatio‐temporal variation in deme size. We avoid the simulation of genetic data, using the fact that under the studied models, summary statistics of genetic diversity and divergence can be approximated from coalescence times. We perform the simulations using gridCoal, a flexible spatial wrapper for the software msprime (Kelleher et al., 2016, Theoretical Population Biology, 95, 13) developed herein. In gridCoal, deme sizes can change arbitrarily across space and time, as well as migration rates between individual demes. We identify different factors that can cause a deviation from theoretical expectations, such as the simulation time in comparison to the effective deme size and the spatio‐temporal autocorrelation across the grid. Our results highlight that FST, a measure of the strength of population structure, principally depends on recent demography, which makes it robust to temporal variation in deme size. In contrast, the amount of genetic diversity is dependent on the distant past when Ne is large, therefore longer run times are needed to estimate Ne than FST. Finally, we illustrate the use of gridCoal on a real‐world example, the range expansion of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) since the last glacial maximum, using different degrees of spatio‐temporal variation in deme size.
Impact of end‐of‐century climate change on priority non‐timber forest product species across tropical Africa
Authors: Amoussou Biowa Eldys N. , Idohou Rodrigue , Glèlè Kakaï Romain , Dauby Gilles , Couvreur Thomas L. P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPlant species providing Non‐Timber Forest Products (NTFP) are economically important across Africa. How this heterogeneous and understudied resource will respond to ongoing climate change remains understudied. Here, we modelled the impact of end‐of‐the‐century climate change on the distribution of 40 NTFP plant species distributed across tropical Africa. Occurrence data were extracted from a taxonomically verified database and three different ecological niche modelling algorithms were used. Species distributions were modelled under two end‐of‐century (2085) climate change models (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) and two dispersal scenarios (limited and expanded). We show that for the 40 NTFP plant species studied here, different responses are modelled with some species gaining in suitable habitats (47.5%–65% under RCP4.5), whereas others will lose in suitable habitats (35%–52.5% under RCP4.5). Nevertheless, we also show that our results vary between the different methods used, such as modelling algorithms, dispersal scenarios and general circulation models. Overall, our results suggest that the response of NTFP species to climate change depends on their distribution, ecology and dispersal ability.
Comparison of the initial ovarian response, the synchrony of oestrus and ovulation and chronic stress response after administration of 100 or 250 μg of GnRH to randomly cycling Bos indicus cattle
Authors: Abdallah M , Joone C , Edwards S , Das S , Cavalieri J 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveThis study investigated the effects of administering saline, 100 or 250 μg of gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) on ovarian response, synchrony of oestrus and ovulation and chronic stress response in Bos indicus cattle.DesignRandomised control.MethodsAnimals were either left untreated (n = 20) or on day 0 treated with an intravaginal progesterone releasing device and either saline (n = 24), 100 μg (n = 35), or 250 (n = 35) μg of GnRH, intramuscular (IM). Blood was sampled 1.4 h after administration of treatment to monitor concentrations of luteinising hormone (LH) and P4 in serum and again 5 days later. On day 5 intravaginal P4 releasing device were removed, cloprostenol was administered IM and again 8 h later. Oestrus and ovulation were then monitored with ultrasonography for 6.5 days. Hair was clipped on day 55 for analysis of hair cortisol concentrations (HCC).ResultsNo significant differences were found between Saline and GnRH treatments in the odds of inducing a new corpus luteum (CL) and the synchrony of oestrus or ovulation. HCC did not differ significantly between treatments. Mean concentrations of LH in serum on day 0 were less in the Saline compared to 100 and 250 μg GnRH treatments but did not differ between different doses of GnRH.ConclusionMean concentrations of LH and the odds of inducing a new CL were not increased after administering 250 μg compared to 100 μg of GnRH. Animal handling events in the study did not influence HCC. Further research is needed to better optimise responses to GnRH in B. indicus cattle.
Lithium replacement dose recommendations using Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Methaneethorn Janthima , Mannie Zola , Bell Erica , Malhi Gin S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesMissed medication doses are a common clinical problem, and cause consternation when prescribing lithium because its plasma levels must be kept within a narrow therapeutic window. Therefore, this study set out to determine the potential impact of missed lithium doses on its pharmacokinetics, and to explore the optimal compensatory dosing scheme. This is difficult to determine clinically and in research because of ethical constraints and therefore we modelled the effects using simulations.MethodsMonte Carlo simulations were used to simulate lithium concentrations under different missed dose scenarios. For patients with normal renal function, the optimal replacement dosing scheme was selected based on the lowest percentage of deviation from the full adherence scenario. However, for patients with renal impairment the appropriate dosing schedule was selected based on the lowest number of simulated concentrations above the upper range of 1.2 mEq/L.ResultsThe impact of a missed lithium dose depended on its daily dose. The higher the daily dose, the higher the deviation from full adherence. In patients with normal renal function, replacement with a regular dose was most appropriate. But in patients with renal impairment, replacement with a partial dose appeared to be most suitable.ConclusionsThis study has enabled insights into the optimal suitable lithium replacement dosing schemes for patients with normal renal function and renal impairment. These proposed schemes can be used cautiously in clinical practice in conjunction with clinician judgment and can also be used as a basis for future clinical research.
Evaluation of chimeric antigen receptor of humanized rabbit‐derived T cell receptor‐like antibody
Authors: Nakamura Tomoko , Kobayashi Eiji , Hamana Hiroshi , Hayakawa Yoshihiro , Muraguchi Atsushi , Hayashi Atsushi , Ozawa Tatsuhiko , Kishi Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractT‐cell receptor (TCR)‐like Abs that specifically recognize antigenic peptides presented on MHC molecules have been developed for next‐generation cancer immunotherapy. Recently, we reported a rapid and efficient method to generate TCR‐like Abs using a rabbit system. We humanized previously generated rabbit‐derived TCR‐like Abs reacting Epstein–Barr virus peptide (BRLF1p, TYPVLEEMF) in the context of HLA‐A24 molecules, produced chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐T cells, and evaluated their antitumor effects using in vitro and in vivo tumor models. Humanization of the rabbit‐derived TCR‐like Abs using the complementarity‐determining region grafting technology maintained their specificity and affinity. We prepared a second‐generation CAR using single‐chain variable fragment of the humanized TCR‐like Abs and then transduced them into human T cells. The CAR‐T cells specifically recognized BRLF1p/MHC molecules and lysed the target cells in an antigen‐specific manner in vitro. They also demonstrated antitumor activity in a mouse xenograft model. We report the generation of CAR‐T cells using humanized rabbit‐derived TCR‐like Abs. Together with our established and efficient generation procedure for TCR‐like Abs using rabbits, our platform for the clinical application of humanized rabbit‐derived TCR‐like Abs to CAR‐T cells will help improve next‐generation cancer immunotherapy.
Community health worker intervention to improve tooth brushing in young children: Results from a cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Martin Molly A. , Avenetti David , Lee Helen H. , Nordgren Rachel , Berbaum Michael L. , Edomwande Yuwa , Cui Liyong , Sandoval Anna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesCoordinated Oral health Promotion (CO‐OP) Chicago is a cluster randomized controlled trial testing the efficacy of a community health worker (CHW) intervention to improve tooth brushing in low‐income children.MethodsFour hundred twenty children under 3 years old (mean 21.5 months) were recruited from 20 sites in or near Chicago, IL. Children were identified mainly as Black race (41.9%) or Hispanic ethnicity (53.8%) and most (85.2%) had Medicaid. Intervention families were offered four CHW home visits over 1 year. Brushing frequency was self‐reported. Plaque score was determined from images collected in homes using disclosing solution. Analyses used GEE logistic models with variable selection at p < .05.ResultsAt enrolment, 45.0% of families reported twice a day or more child brushing frequency, and child plaque scores were poor (mean of 1.9, SD: 0.6). Data were obtained from 87.1% of children at 6 months and 86.2% at 12 months. In the CHW intervention arm (10 sites, N = 211), 23.7% received 4 visits, 12.8% 3 visits, 21.3% 2 visits, 23.2% 1 visit and 19% no visits from CHWs. No intervention effect was seen for brushing frequency or plaque score. Child brushing frequency improvement over time was associated with a range of child and caregiver factors. The only factor associated with a change in plaque score over time was parent involvement in brushing.ConclusionsOral‐health‐specific CHW services were not associated with improved brushing behaviours in these young children. However, caregiver involvement with brushing supported more quality brushing. More robust interventions are needed to support families during this critical developmental period.
Nowhere to go: Housing pathways of college students with foster care and homelessness experience
Authors: Skobba Kim , Moorman Diann , Meyers David , White Kenneth , Tiller Lori 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study builds on previous research to understand longer term housing experiences in late adolescence and early adulthood for vulnerable college students. Using a biographical, qualitative method, we study high school and college housing and family circumstances for 27 students with homelessness or foster care experience enrolled in 4‐year colleges in Georgia. We identified three different housing pathway types in high school—family homelessness, unaccompanied youth and foster care. Housing instability and frequent moves were common in high school among all housing pathway types. In college, students who were able to find low or no‐cost housing and those who identified a foster care pathway in high school achieved greater housing stability. Others students experienced a continuation of housing instability that began in high school. Additional funding to cover the cost of on‐campus housing would likely contribute to increased stability. Additional strategies, such as rental assistance programmes tailored for college students, may be needed to address housing instability for vulnerable college students. More research on the unmet housing needs and the consequences of housing instability during college for homeless and foster youth is needed to further a housing policy agenda that focuses on practical solutions.
A phase IB/IIA study of remestemcel‐L, an allogeneic bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cell product, for the treatment of medically refractory ulcerative colitis: an interim analysis
Authors: Lightner Amy L. , Dadgar Neda , Matyas Caroline , Elliott Kavita , Fulmer Clifton , Khaitan Neha , Ream Justin , Nachand Douglas , Steele Scott R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimThere have been no studies into the direct injection of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for luminal ulcerative colitis (UC). Our aim was to investigate the efficacy of MSCs delivered locally via endoscopic delivery, as is done in the setting of perianal disease, to treat the local site of inflammation directly.MethodA phase IB/IIA randomized control clinical trial of remestemcel‐L, an ex vivo expanded allogeneic bone marrow‐derived MSC product, at a dose of 150 million MSCs versus placebo (2:1 fashion) delivered via direct injection using a 23‐gauge sclerotherapy needle at the time of colonoscopy was designed to assess the safety and efficacy of endoscopic delivery of MSCs for UC. The main outcome measures were adverse events, Mayo score and Mayo endoscopic severity score at 2 weeks, 6 weeks and 3 months post‐MSC delivery.ResultsSix patients were enrolled and treated; four received MSCs and two placebo. All had been on prior anti‐tumour necrosis factor or anti‐integrin therapy. There were no adverse events related to MSCs. In the treatment group (n = 4), the Mayo endoscopic severity score decreased in all patients by 2 weeks after MSC delivery. At 3 months, all patients were extremely satisfied or satisfied with their MSC treatment based on the inflammatory bowel disease patient‐reported treatment impact (IBD‐PRTI), and treatment response was described as excellent or good in all patients. In the control group (n = 2), the Mayo endoscopic severity score did not increase as a result of being off alternative therapy. At 3 months, patients were dissatisfied according to the IBD‐PRTI, and treatment response was poor or unchanged.ConclusionMSCs may offer a safe therapeutic option for the treatment of medically refractory UC. Early data suggest improved clinical and endoscopic scores by 2 weeks after MSC delivery.
Ten‐year follow up of previously traumatized immature permanent incisors sustaining second and third traumatic injuries after revascularization treatment: Case reports
Authors: Cehreli Zafer C. , Unverdi Gizem Erbas , Serdar Eymirli Pinar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe long‐term prognosis of previously traumatized immature permanent teeth treated with guided endodontic repair is well documented, but little is known about how these teeth respond to further traumatic injury after treatment. This case report presents the 10‐year clinical and radiographic findings of two patients with traumatized maxillary incisors who underwent guided endodontic repair treatment and sustained two further traumatic injuries. Three crown‐fractured maxillary central incisors with pulp necrosis were treated with a protocol that used 2.5% NaOCl irrigation, 3–4 weeks medication with calcium hydroxide or ciprofloxacin‐metronidazole paste, induction of apical bleeding, and coronal sealing with mineral trioxide aggregate. One tooth sustained subluxation and a crown fracture after 20 months and 7 years, respectively. Two other teeth had a luxation injury at 9 months and subluxation 6.5 years after the repair treatment. One subluxated and one luxated tooth remained free of symptoms for 10 years with radiographic evidence of progressive root canal calcification, while the other luxated incisor required root canal treatment after 7.5 years. Although teeth treated with the so‐called “regenerative” endodontic techniques do not possess true pulp tissue, the reparative tissue may respond to traumatic injuries in a similar manner to teeth with normal pulps.