bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increasing Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) regrowth via inoculation with an ammonia‐oxidizing bacterial strain
Authors: Wu Di , Ma Ke , Wang Xiao‐Ling , Qi Lin , Liu Yu‐Hua , Song Peng , Liu Wei , Zhang Ming‐Ming , Zhao Wei , Song Cheng‐Wei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effect of a soil ammonia‐oxidizing bacterial (AOB) strain on Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) regrowth. Potted Italian ryegrass was used as test material. We isolated and screened an AOB strain from the soil for use in inoculation of other soils to increase nitrification. The sequence of the two isolated and screened AOB strains (S2_8_1 and S2_7_25) were 100% similar to that of Ensifer sesbaniae and Acinetobacter pittii. The nitrification inhibitor 3,4‐dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) was also added to the soil to inhibit nitrification. The experimental design involving the inoculation of the soils with the AOB strain included seven treatments: (1) regrowth without any additives, (2) regrowth with blank enrichment medium added to the soil, (3) regrowth with S2_8_1 strain inoculation, (4) regrowth with S2_7_25 strain inoculation, (5) regrowth with DMPP added to the soil, (6) regrowth with DMPP added to the soil and with S2_8_1 strain inoculation, and (7) regrowth with DMPP added to the soil and with S2_7_25 strain inoculation. Compared with regrowth treatment without any additives, the regrowth treatment with S2_8_1 and S2_7_25 inoculations significantly increased leaf biomass by 23.5–48.6%, the leaf net photosynthetic rate by 27.9–48.5%, the rhizosphere soil nitrification rate by 43.0–144.2%, leaf cytokinin concentrations by 23.7–24.9%, and xylem sap cytokinin concentrations by 32.5–43.2%. The increase of nitrate nitrogen content in rhizosphere soil induced by S2_8_1 and S2_7_25 promoted the transfers of cytokinin from roots to leaves, resulting in the increase of cytokinin concentration in leaves. This increase in leaf cytokinin concentrations improved Italian ryegrass regrowth. However, the S2_8_1 and S2_7_25‐induced increases in the nonrhizosphere soil nitrification rate were not closely related to Italian ryegrass regrowth. The tested AOB strains have considerable potential to increase Italian ryegrass regrowth.
New Capabilities in MT3D‐USGS for Simulating Unsaturated‐Zone Heat Transport
Authors: Morway Eric D. , Feinstein Daniel T. , Hunt Randall J. , Healy Richard W. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractChanges in climate and land use will alter groundwater heat transport dynamics in the future. These changes will in turn affect watershed processes (e.g., nutrient cycling) as well as watershed characteristics (e.g., distribution and persistence of cold‐water habitat). Thus, groundwater flow and heat transport models at watershed scales that can characterize and quantify thermal impacts of surface temperature change on groundwater system temperatures may support forecasting changes to groundwater‐linked ecosystems in riparian zones, streams, and lakes. Including unsaturated zone processes has previously been shown to be important for properly determining the timing and magnitude of groundwater recharge (Hunt et al. 2008). Similarly, heat transport dynamics in the saturated‐zone, as well as connected surface‐water systems, can be appreciably influenced by unsaturated‐zone processes; in this way the unsaturated zone forms an inextricable link between the land surface where change occurs and the groundwater system that transmits that change. This paper presents new capabilities for the existing MT3D‐USGS transport simulator by adding functionality for simulating heat transport through the unsaturated zone. New simulation capabilities are verified through comparison of simulation results with those of the variably saturated heat transport simulator VS2DH under steady and transient conditions for both water and heat flow. The new capabilities are assessed using a number of conceptualizations and include evaluations of convective and conductive heat flow. These additional capabilities increase the utility for applied watershed‐scale simulations, which in turn may facilitate more realistic characterizations of temperature change on thermally sensitive ecosystems, such as stream habitat.
Using Geospatial Techniques and Analytic Hierarchy Process to Map Groundwater Potential Zones
Authors: Muavhi Nndanduleni , Mutoti Mulalo Isaih 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study is conducted in Luvuvhu River Catchment (LRC) of South Africa, which has numerous major agricultural farms that are located in the upper catchment, especially in Levubu Valley. The significant irrigation developments in upper catchment have resulted in a decrease in the yield of surface water resources to such an extent that these resources struggle to meet domestic and industrial demand. The aim of this study is to delineate groundwater potential zones (GWPZ) as a way of establishing alternative water resources to relieve the overly stressed surface water resources. Various datasets are processed to extract groundwater controlling factors. Map layers of controlling factors are assigned weights according to their relative importance to groundwater occurrence using analytic hierarchy process and then integrated based on weighted sum analysis to generate GWPZ map. Rainfall infiltration breakthrough (RIB) and area under curve (AUC) are used to validate the GWPZ map. GWPZ map shows that lower catchment has very high groundwater potential covering about 409 km2. Nonetheless, about 50% of LRC spatially falls within high groundwater potential zone. Groundwater recharge, based on RIB for three boreholes, that is, A9N0007, A9N0008, and A9N0018 around Levubu Valley is estimated at 8.3, 15.4, and 16.2%, respectively. Boreholes A9N0018 and A9N0018 correspond to moderate to high groundwater potential zone, whereas A9N007 coincides with low to moderate zone. Considering the groundwater recharge estimates and associated potential zones, RIB results correspond well with GWPZ map. Also, an AUC, based on 26 boreholes, of 70.9% is achieved; thus, indicating a reliable model.
Shaping ability of new reciprocating or rotary instruments with two cross‐sectional designs: An ex vivo study
Authors: Guedes Isabela G. , Rodrigues Renata C. V. , Marceliano‐Alves Marília F. , Alves Flávio R. F. , Rôças Isabela N. , Siqueira José F. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimThis study compared the shaping ability of four new reciprocating and rotary nickel‐titanium instruments, with triangular or S‐shaped cross‐section, in the mesial canals of mandibular molars using micro‐computed tomographic (micro‐CT) evaluation.MethodologyTwenty‐four extracted mandibular molars with Vertucci's class IV configuration in the mesial root were selected for this study. The teeth were matched in fours according to anatomic similarities as revealed by micro‐CT and then distributed into four groups of 12 mesial canals each according to the instrumentation technique: Reciproc Blue, R‐motion, VDW.Rotate and RaCe EVO. The final apical size of instrumentation was 30/0.04 for three systems and 25/08 for the Reciproc Blue instrument. Micro‐CT scans were taken before and after preparation to evaluate the canal volume, area and unprepared surface areas, as well as the centring ability, and the canal: root width ratio.ResultsPreparation with all systems significantly increased the volume and area of the canals (p < .05). There were no significant differences between groups regarding the amount of unprepared areas in both the apical and full canal lengths (p > .05). Variation in the centre of gravity showed no significant difference between groups either (p > .05). The canal: root width ratio at levels 0 and 4 mm apically to the coronal canal opening was significantly increased by all systems (p < .01), with no significant differences between groups (p > .05). The canal width never exceeded 40% of the root width.ConclusionsReciprocating or rotary instruments, with a triangular or an S‐shaped cross‐section, performed equally in shaping Vertucci's class IV mesial canals of mandibular molars.
Herman Bavinck on the Beatific Vision
Authors: Sutanto Nathaniel Gray 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHerman Bavinck's account of the beatific vision has been a source of debate in recent years. While Hans Boersma has argued that Bavinck was too preoccupied with the renewal of creation to give proper attention to the beatific vision, Cory Brock has responded to the effect that the brevity of Bavinck's treatment of the visio dei in volume four of the Dogmatics was fuelled rather by epistemic modesty. What is left underdetermined in this exchange is a positive description of Bavinck's account of the beatific vision. This article seeks to contribute to this debate constructively by offering a textual analysis of a neglected portion of Bavinck's Dogmatics, left aside in the exchange between Boersma and Brock, which showcases Bavinck's positive account: the beatific vision is christological, mystical, covenantal and ethical. After sketching the meaning of these terms and showing their significance, the article closes with a brief conclusion.
Aligning the Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) counterfactual approach with the practice of retroduction: Some preliminary insights
Authors: Iannacci Federico , Fearon Colm , Kawalek Peter , Simeonova Boyka 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study offers fresh ontological insights by examining generative causality through the Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) counterfactual lens, in conjunction with Critical Realism and the practice of retroduction. Specifically, it claims that Information Systems (IS) researchers could retroduce generative mechanisms by leveraging the QCA counterfactual approach to causation because retroduction is about conjecturing hypothetical mechanisms that would generate the outcome of interest in a counterfactual fashion. Drawing on an example of typological theorising, this study calls for a renewed effort in the use of retroduction in the study of IS phenomena. In addition, this study sheds new light on the overarching approach for conducting Critical Realist (case study) research. A number of theoretical, methodological, and practical implications are discussed.
Threatened and extinct island endemic birds of the world: Distribution, threats and functional diversity
Authors: Matthews Thomas J. , Wayman Joseph P. , Cardoso Pedro , Sayol Ferran , Hume Julian P. , Ulrich Werner , Tobias Joseph A. , Soares Filipa C. , Thébaud Christophe , Martin Thomas E. , Triantis Kostas A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimThe world's islands support disproportionate levels of endemic avian biodiversity despite suffering numerous extinctions. While intensive recent research has focused on island bird conservation or extinction, few global syntheses have considered these factors together from the perspective of morphological trait diversity. Here, we provide a global summary of the status and ecology of extant and extinct island birds, the threats they face and the implications of species loss for island functional diversity.LocationGlobal.TaxonBirds.MethodsWe provide a review of the literature on threatened and extinct island birds, with a particular focus on global studies that have incorporated functional diversity. Alongside this, we analyse IUCN Red List data in relation to distribution, threats and taxonomy. Using null models and functional hypervolumes, in combination with morphological trait data, we assess the functional diversity represented by threatened and extinct island endemic birds.Results and main conclusionsWe find that almost half of all island endemic birds extant in 1500 CE are currently either extinct or threatened with extinction, with the majority of threatened extant species having declining population trends. We also found evidence of 66 island endemic subspecies extinctions. The primary threats to extant island endemic birds currently are agriculture, biological resource use, and invasive species. While there is overlap between the hotspots of threatened and extinct island endemics birds, there are some notable differences, including the Philippines and Indonesia, which support a substantial number of threatened species but have no recorded post‐1500 CE bird extinctions. Traits associated with threatened island endemic birds are large body mass, flightlessness, aquatic predator, omnivorous and vertivorous trophic niches, marine habitat affinity, and, paradoxically, higher dispersal ability. Critically, we find that threatened endemics (i) occupy distinct areas of beak morphospace, and (ii) represent substantial unique areas of the overall functional space of island endemics. We caution that the loss of threatened species may have severe effects on the ecological functions birds provide on islands.
Clinical features and sulfonylurea usage among outpatients with diabetes aged ≥90 years in an urban diabetes clinic in Tokyo
Authors: Kobori Toshiko , Onishi Yukiko , Yoshida Yoko , Tahara Tazu , Kikuchi Takako , Kubota Tetsuya , Iwamoto Masahiko , Hamano Shoko , Kasuga Masato 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionAging of society is accelerating in many countries. The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical features and sulfonylurea usage among diabetes outpatients aged ≥90 years (nonagenarians).Materials and MethodsThis study was a retrospective observational study. The study population consisted of 69 nonagenarian diabetes outpatients and 857 diabetes outpatients aged <90 years. Patients were classified into four groups: group 1, <65 years; group 2, 65–74 years; group 3, 75–89 years; and group 4, ≥90 years. The presence of hypoglycemic episodes was defined as having self‐reported symptoms, or self‐monitored or clinically measured blood glucose level <70 mg/dL.ResultsThe median glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in group 1 and group 4 was 7.0% and 7.2%, respectively (P = 0.506). The proportion of sulfonylurea treatment in group 4 was 45.5%, which is significantly higher compared with the other three groups (20.0–27.8%, P < 0.001). In group 4, there was no difference between patients with or without sulfonylurea in age, sex, body mass index, HbA1c and number of antihyperglycemic agents. Five out of 25 nonagenarian sulfonylurea‐treated patients had hypoglycemic episodes within the last 2 years, their HbA1c were all 7.0 ≤ HbA1c < 8.0, and sulfonylurea or insulin was tapered in all cases after confirming hypoglycemia. Tapering dosage was attempted in all 25 sulfonylurea‐treated nonagenarian patients, but 15 needed to continue sulfonylurea for glycemic control, and 10 continued sulfonylurea with unknown reasons from their medical records.ConclusionsAlthough tapering the dosage of sulfonylurea was attempted in nonagenarian patients, sulfonylurea was widely continued for glycemic control. Reverse clinical inertia may exist in some sulfonylurea‐treated nonagenarian patients.
Clinical assessment of different implant‐supported esthetic crown systems fabricated with semi‐digital workflow: Two‐year prospective study
Authors: Salem Mohammed Talaat , El‐Layeh Mohamed , El‐Farag Shaimaa Ahmed Abo , Salem Ahmed S. , Attia Ahmed 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the clinical outcome of three esthetic implant‐supported crown systems fabricated with semi‐digital workflow and their influence on the clinical outcome of dental implants.Material and MethodsA total of 30 participants had received dental implants restoring missing maxillary first/second premolars. After 6 weeks, customized zirconia abutments were early loaded. Two months later, the definitive crowns were fabricated using semi‐digital workflow and cemented. According to the crown material, 3 groups were randomly allocated; group (Z): ultrahigh‐translucent monolithic zirconia, group (C): resin‐matrix ceramic and group (P): polyetherketoneketone veneered with light‐cured composite resin. Clinical outcomes including the survival and success rates were evaluated at baseline, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months.ResultsThe survival rate for all studied groups was 100%, while their success rate was 100% for group (Z) and 90% for group (C) and group (P). Based on the functional implant prosthodontic score, a statistically significant difference was detected between group (Z) and group (P) (p < 0.001) as well as between group (C) and group (P) (p = 0.01).ConclusionsThe zirconia group had the most favorable clinical behavior, while the polyetherketoneketone had the least. All crown systems had comparable success rates with similar values of the peri‐implant marginal bone loss.Clinical SignificanceUsing semi‐digital workflow, ultrahigh‐translucent monolithic zirconia, resin‐matrix ceramic and polyetherketoneketone veneered with light‐cured composite resin can be considered as favorable implant‐supported crowns. The implant‐supported crown system based on polyetherketoneketone veneered with light‐cured composite resin is counted as a promising esthetic and restorative option.
Prescription opioids and longitudinal changes in cognitive function in older adults: A population‐based observational study
Authors: Warner Nafisseh S. , Hanson Andrew C. , Schulte Phillip J. , Habermann Elizabeth B. , Warner David O. , Mielke Michelle M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundOpioids are frequently prescribed to alleviate pain in older adults, yet the relationships between prescription opioids and long‐term cognitive function are unclear.MethodsIn this analysis of the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging, a longitudinal population‐based cohort study of older adults with formal neuropsychological testing and cognitive evaluations performed every 15 months, the associations between prescription opioids, global and domain‐specific cognitive function, and mild cognitive impairment were evaluated through time‐dependent linear mixed effects and Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsFour thousand two hundred eighteen participants (51% male) were included with enrollment between 11/1/2004 and 4/1/2019 and median age of 76 (interquartile range 72, 82) years. Two thousand nine hundred seventy‐seven subjects (71%) received at least 1 opioid prescription during a median follow‐up of 7.5 (5.0, 10.7) years. Overall, there was an estimated 0.096 reduction in the global cognitive Z‐score per year, including decreases of 0.050 in memory, 0.080 in language, 0.044 in visual–spatial cognition, and 0.112 in attention. In multivariable analyses, each receipt of an opioid prescription resulted in an additional −0.007 (95% CI −0.009, −0.005) change in global cognitive Z‐score (p < 0.001), with significant effects seen in the domains of memory (−0.005, 95% CI −0.007, −0.003; p < 0.001), language (−0.002, 95% CI −0.003, 0.000; p = 0.024) and attention (−0.004, 95% CI −0.006, −0.002; p < 0.001) but not visual–spatial function (0.000, 95% CI −0.001, 0.001; p = 0.897). Opioid prescriptions were associated with incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in adjusted analysis (hazard ratio 1.21, 95% CI 1.04, 1.42; p = 0.014).ConclusionPrescription opioids are associated with small but statistically significant declines in long‐term cognitive function in older adults, which may represent effects of opioids or other related factors.
Marginados y postergados en la obra de Fernando Ortiz
Authors: Díaz María del Rosario 
Published: September 2022

ResumenUn tema no muy frecuentado en las Ciencias Sociales actuales es el relacionado con la trascendencia de los documentos personales de figuras de la vida pública—científica, política, cultural y de otras esferas—para el conocimiento de su obra, de sus aportes, así como de la época en que le tocó en suerte vivir y desarrollar esa obra. En este artículo, presento una ilustración de tal relación basado en la vida y las obras de Fernando Ortiz Fernández (1881–1969). Él realizó una labor de importancia vital para la cultura cubana, cuyas huellas aparecen dentro de sus papeles personales dividida en segmentos específicos: científico, promoción cultural y mejoramiento de la nación, como él mismo lo calificara. Ortiz, formado como abogado pero autodidacto en ciencias sociales, había realizado importantes contribuciones al estudio de la etno‐génesis de Cuba, especialmente en las poblaciónes marginadas: los indocubanos, chinos, y afrocubanos. Con los fondos personales de Ortiz ubicado en archivos en Cuba, Europa y los Estados Unidos ofrezco esta muestra de una antropología del sur que evidencia la participación de Ortiz en numerosas empresas científicas y culturales en el espacio iberoamericano y en otros, durante las seis primeras décadas del siglo XX. [Fernando Ortiz, antropologías del sur, cubanidad, cubanía, poblaciones marginadas, documentos personales]
Effectiveness of a nurse‐led mHealth app to prevent excessive gestational weight gain among overweight and obese women: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chen Hung‐Hui , Lee Ching‐Fang , Huang Jian‐Pei , Hsiung Yvonne , Chi Li‐Kang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the effectiveness of a nurse‐led mobile health (mHealth) intervention to prevent excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) in overweight and obese women.MethodsA randomized controlled trial with an experimental study design. Ninety‐two pregnant women with body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 at less than 17 weeks gestation were recruited from two prenatal clinics in northern Taiwan from January to June 2020. The experimental group used the MyHealthyWeight (MHW) app and a wearable activity tracker (WAT), and the controls received standard antenatal treatments with no mHealth‐based elements. Two hospital follow‐up visits were scheduled at 24–26 weeks in the second trimester and 34–36 weeks in the third trimester. A generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used to examine the trajectories and the effectiveness of mHealth on GWG.ResultsNo difference in GWG was found between the intervention and control groups at baseline (p > 0.05). The GWG trajectory in the entire cohort of women with obesity exhibited a quadratic pattern (ß = 1.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.27–2.32), and intervention participants' weekly GWG was gained significantly lower than their controls in the second trimester (p < 0.05). Throughout the pregnancy, the mHealth intervention group had a significantly lower proportion of individuals who exceeded their GWG in both total (21.6% vs. 32.6%) and weekly weight gain (first trimester = 58.7% vs. 65.2%; second trimester = 45% vs. 67.4%; third trimester = 48.6% vs. 55.1%). In particular, among obese women in the third trimester, those in the intervention group gained less gestational weight than their controls. The adjusted body weight difference was 5.44 kg (p = 0.023), signifying the total GWG difference (3.30 vs. 8.74 kg) between the means of the two groups. The GEE model indicated that obese women who were aged 35 years, had prepregnancy exercise habits, perceived self‐efficacy of diet, and more physical activity tended to have low GWG (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe nurse‐led mHealth‐based intervention shows promising results in significantly preventing excessive GWG among high‐BMI women. More effectiveness was found among the obese subgroup.Clinical relevanceThe mHealth‐based intervention would be successfully implemented by nurses to help high‐BMI women maintain their optimal body weight and promote healthy behavioral changes, particularly in diet and physical activity during pregnancy.