bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IDENTIFIKASI BETAKAROTEN PADA SAYURAN BERWARNA HIJAU
Authors: Elfariyanti  
Published: September 2022

Betakaroten adalah salah satu senyawa pigmen dari tumbuhan ataupun dari hewan yang memiliki struktur polyene yaitu senyawa organik dengan atom karbon berantai lurus memiliki ikatan rangkap yang bermanfaat sebagai antioksidan. Betakaroten dapat ditemukan pada buah dan sayur yang bewarna kuning hingga jingga, akan tetapi dapat ditemukan juga pada sayuran yang bewarna gelap seperti hijau dan merah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan betakaroten pada ekstrak sayuran berwarna hijau yang biasa dijual di pasar kota Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini dilakukan di laboratorium Akafarma Banda Aceh menggunakan metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT). Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 6 sayuran berwarna hijau yaitu daun bayam, daun katuk, daun singkong, daun melinjo, kangkung, dan daun pakis. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling yaitu dengan ciri-ciri sayuran daun berwarna hijau dan masih segar. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa pada daun singkong terdapat 4 bercak warna noda yaitu hijau tua, kuning, hijau lumut dan orange dengan nilai Rf berturut-turut sebesar 0.13, 0.15, 0.40, dan 0.93, daun bayam hanya ada 1 bercak noda berwarna hijau lumut dengan nilai Rf 0.20. Daun pakis ada 2 bercak noda yang muncul yaitu hijau lumut dan kuning dengan nilai Rf 0.13 dan 0.20. Daun katuk terdapat 5 bercak noda yaitu kuning, hijau lumut, hijau, kuning, dan orange dengan nilai Rf berturut-turut sebesar 0.12, 0.15, 0.18, 0.41, 0,93. Daun melinjo terdapat2 bercak warna yaitu kuning dan hijau dengan nilai Rf 0.13 dan 0.20. Adapun sampel daun kangkung juga terdapat 2 bercak warna noda yaitu hijau dan kuning dengan nilai Rf 0.14 dan 0.42. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat dua sampel yang positif mengandung betakaroten yaitu daun singkong dan daun katuk dengan nilai Rf sebesar 0,93.

Kata kunci : Sayuran hijau, betakaroten, Kromatografi Lapis Tipis.
UJI DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN PALA (Myristica fragrans Houtt) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Hardiana Hardiana 
Published: September 2022

Pala dikenal sebagai tanaman rempah yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi dan multiguna karena setiap bagian tanaman dapat dimanfaatkan dalam berbagai industri makanan, minuman, dan obat-obatan. Daun pala merupakan salah satu bagian tanaman pala yang dapat dijadikan sebagai obat tradisional serta mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus, karena mengandung metabolit sekunder seperti flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin yang mengandung sifat seperti fenol, dimana senyawa fenol mampu memutuskan ikatan peptidoglikan yang dapat merusak dinding sel bakteri. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji daya hambat ekstrak etanol daun pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt) yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya hambat ekstrak etanol daun pala pada konsentrasi 20%, 40%, 60%, dan 80% terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu difusi disk (cara cakram), dengan menggunakan suatu kertas (paper disk). Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa pada konsentrasi 20% zona bening yang terbentuk (11 mm) ,40% (13mm), 60% (13,5 mm), dan 80% (15 mm). Hal ini dapat dismpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun pala mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dengan respon hambatannya kuat.
Specification of Real-Time Systems with Graph Grammars
Authors: Michelon Leonardo , Costa Simone André da , Ribeiro Leila 
Published: September 2022

This paper presents a formal approach to specify and analyze realtime systems. We extend Object-Based Graph Grammars, a description technique suitable for the specification of asynchronous distributed systems, to be able to explicitly model time constraints. The semantics of the systems is defined in terms of Timed Automata, allowing the automatic verification of properties.
Prognostic value of nutritional and inflammatory scores in Transcatheter aortic valve replacement patients
Authors: ÖZBEK Mehmet , ACUN Barış , ARIK Baran , DEMİR Muhammed , OYLUMLU Muhammed , TOPRAK Nizamettin 
Published: September 2022

Background: Aortic Stenosis (AS) is a common heart valve disease that especially affects the elderly population and is seen with the aging of the society. In recent years Transcatheter aortic valve replacement patients (TAVR) has been increasingly applied worldwide as a procedure for the treatment of severe AS. Recently, various biomarkers and derived marker approaches have been studied in AS patient groups as in many cardiovascular diseases. Since it has been previously shown that increased inflammatory scores and poor nutritional scores are closely associated with the development process and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases, we hypothesized that these scores may be associated with prognosis after TAVR. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to make a detailed evaluation in terms of mortality determinants after TAVR.
Methods and Results: 118 TAVR patients were included in the analysis. Median follow-up of 118 patients was 40.5 months. In terms of inflammatory status scores, the systemic immune inflammatory (SII) score (p= 0.027), the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) score (p= 0.012), and the platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) score (p= 0.012) in the death group was found to be significantly higher. As nutritional status scores, the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) score (p= 0.003) was lower in the death group and the median Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score (p= 0.002)) found significantly higher.
Conclusion: In severe and high-risk AS patients undergoing TAVR, measurement of malnutrition with the CONUT score and increased inflammatory status with the SII score was associated with an increased risk of all causes mortality in long-term follow-up. It has been determined that the development of complications related to the procedure is an indicator of increased mortality not only in the short term but also in the long-term follow-up.
Effects of plastic film mulching on the spatiotemporal distribution of soil water, temperature, and photosynthetic active radiation in a cotton field
Authors: Yang Beifang , Feng Lu , Li Xiaofei , Yang Guozheng , Ma Yunzhen , Li Yabing 
Published: September 2022

Plastic film mulching (PFM) affects the spatiotemporal distribution of soil moisture and temperature, which in turn affects cotton growth and the spatiotemporal distribution of canopy photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Due to the spatial heterogeneity of soil moisture, temperature and limited monitoring methods, the issues such as relatively few sampling points and long sampling intervals in most existing studies prevent the accurate quantification of spatiotemporal changes in moisture and temperature along soil profile. To investigate the effects of PFM on spatiotemporal changes in soil moisture, temperature, and canopy PAR in cotton fields, two field trials of plastic film-mulched (M) and nonmulched (NM) cultivations were performed in 2018 and 2019. The grid method was used for the soil information continuous monitoring and multiple-time fixed-site canopy PAR monitoring during the duration of cotton growth. Two-year field trial data showed that, M cultivation increased soil moisture by approximately 13.6%–25% and increased temperature by 2–4 °C in the 0–50 cm soil layer before the first irrigation (June 20) and by 1–2 °C in the 70–110 cm soil layer, compared with NM cultivation. In addition, the temperature difference between the two treatments gradually decreased with the increase in irrigation and air temperature. The M treatment reached the peak PAR interception rate 10 days earlier than the NM treatment. In 2018 and 2019, the PAR peak value under the M treatment was 4.62% and 1.8% higher than that under the NM treatment, respectively, but the PAR interception rate was decreased rapidly in the late growth stage. Overall, PFM had an effect on soil moisture retention during the whole growth period and greatly increased the soil temperature before budding stage, thus promoted the early growth of cotton. Considering this, we suggest that the irrigation quota and frequency could be appropriately decreased in the case of plastic film mulching cultivation. For nonmulching cultivation, the irrigation quota and frequency should be increased, and it is necessary to take measures to improve the soil temperature before middle July.
Prevalence and Predictors of Anemia among Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Patients in King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah
Authors: Mehrin Sumyia , Albishi Wallaa Khalid 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Among multiple hematological changes, anemia is one of the most common hematological problems in patients with tuberculosis (TB). [1] Many studies were conducted in different countries and reported various results [1-2].
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on all TB-positive cases reported to the King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) between January 2012 and January 2021. Detailed demographic and biomedical data were collected from the hospital record section. All culture-confirmed and PCR-positive tuberculosis (TB) cases were included in this study. Categorical baseline characteristics of TB patient has been compared with the anemic status by Fisher's exact and Pearson’s chi-square test. Continuous variables like hematological parameters compared with anemia by t-test. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were done to estimate the association between TB positive cases and the anemic status of the patient.
Results: Out of 695 TB-positive cases, 443 (63.74%) are anemic. Among these anemic patients, most are less than 39 years old; 228 (51.47%), clearly males outnumbered the number females. Approximately 289 (65.24%) are non-Saudi. A majority of the patient, 163 (54.40%), had a BMI range of 18.5 – 24.9. A significant difference had been noticed in the anemic and non-anemic patients in variables like gender, BMI, nationality, and site of TB. In the case of anti-TB drug-resistant cases, the percentages of mild, moderate, and severe anemia are 12.21%, 12.20%, and 13.64%. This study did not find any significant association between DR-TB and anemia.
Conclusion: The prevalence of anemia among TB patients was high. Thus, it warrants frequent screening for anemia in all TB-positive cases to improve mortality and morbidity in these patients.
Using a Smartphone 3-Dimensional Surface Imaging Technique to Manufacture Custom 3-Dimensional–Printed Eyeglasses
Authors: de Alba Campomanes Alejandra G. , Meer Elana , Clarke Matthew , Brodie Frank L. 
Published: September 2022

ImportanceFinding a suitable fit in glasses for pediatric patients with congenital and acquired craniofacial abnormalities is difficult; consequently, these children are at high risk of vision loss secondary to refractive amblyopia as they often have poor adherence to daily glasses wearing. Custom 3-dimensional (3D)–printed glasses may have an improved design and fit, but access is limited by the availability of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).ObjectiveTo describe a method for using a commercially available smartphone 3D surface imaging (3DSI) technique to capture facial anatomy as a basis for custom glasses design.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis quality improvement study analyzes data from a case series in a primary academic center with multiple referral centers throughout the United States. The evaluation included reported fit descriptions from patients with poor glasses adherence due to craniofacial abnormalities.Main Outcomes and MeasuresKey anatomic parameters for glasses fit (face width, distance from ear bridge to nasal bridge, distance from center of pupil to center of nasal bridge, distance from lateral to medial canthus, ear vertical offset, and nasal bridge width) were compared between scans. A 3DSI scan was considered successful if these key parameters could be determined and the difference in measurements was less than 5% between MRI and 3DSI. A second outcome measure included the fit of glasses designed by the 3DSI method as reported by the patient, parent, or guardian.ResultsMeasurements of key parameters for glasses fit were similar across MRI and 3DSI scans with a mean (SD) difference of 1.47 (0.79) mm between parameters (range, 0.3-4.60 mm). Among 20 patients aged 1 to 17 years with craniofacial abnormalities, all achieved a successful fit (reporting daily glasses adherence without irritation) as judged by the patient, parent, or guardian. A mean of 1.7 revisions were made from initial prototype to final frame production using 3DSI technology.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study demonstrated that smartphone-enabled 3DSI coupled with widely available 3D printing technology can produce custom frames with a successful fit for patients with craniofacial anomalies. This accessible and well-tolerated imaging process may have implications for adherence with glasses wearing among patients at risk of vision loss due to amblyopia.
Novel mutations in HTRA1‐related cerebral small vessel disease and comparison with CADASIL
Authors: Zhang Chen , Zheng Honghua , Li Xin , Li Shaowu , Li Wei , Wang Ziwei , Niu Songtao , Wang Xingao , Zhang Zaiqiang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThere is evidence showing both heterozygous HTRA1 and homozygous HTRA1 mutations as causal for familial cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). The clinical and neuroimaging signs of heterozygous HTRA1‐related CSVD can mimic cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL). We aimed to characterize the genotypic and phenotypic features of HTRA1‐related CSVD, and we compared the features of heterozygous HTRA1‐related CSVD and CADASIL.MethodsWe carried out genetic sequencing in a series of unrelated patients with suspected familial CSVD from China. Clinical and imaging characteristics of heterozygous HTRA1‐related CSVD and CADASIL were compared.ResultsWe identified nine heterozygous HTRA1 mutations and one homozygous HTRA1 mutation, seven of which are novel. Compared with CADASIL, patients with heterozygous HTRA1‐related CSVD had a higher proportion of spine disorders and a lower proportion of white matter hyperintensities involving the anterior temporal lobe (p < 0.001).InterpretationThis study shows that most HTRA1‐related CSVD patients in China carry heterozygous HTRA1 mutations. The specific extra‐neurological features and neuroimaging features reveal informative differences between heterozygous HTRA1‐related CSVD and CADASIL. We expand the mutational spectrum of HTRA1.
Shape‐Controlled Solution‐Epitaxial Perovskite Micro‐Crystal Lasers Rivaling Vapor Deposited Ones
Authors: Afify Hany A. , Rehm Viktor , Barabash Anastasiia , These Albert , Zhang Jiyun , Osvet Andres , Schüßlbauer Christoph , Thiel Dominik , Ullrich Tobias , Dierner Martin , Przybilla Thomas , Will Johannes , Spiecker Erdmann , Guldi Dirk M. , Brabec Christoph J. , Heiss Wolfgang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEpitaxial growth methods usually need dedicated equipment, high energy consumption to maintain pure vacuum conditions and evaporation of source materials, and elevated substrate temperatures. Solution epitaxial growth requires nothing of that but is rarely used because the achieved microstructures are of low quality, not homogeneous, and finally exhibit worse performances in devices. Here, an antisolvent‐vapor‐assisted‐crystallization of metal‐halide‐perovskites as a method overcoming these disadvantages is demonstrated. The methylammonium lead tribromide exhibits van‐der‐Waals type of epitaxial growth on mica substrates, resulting in micro‐crystallites whose shape can be controlled to be either triangular micro‐prism or micro‐cuboid. These micro‐crystallites act as optical resonators supporting various optical modes and lasing is achieved under optical excitation with low thresholds and record high environmental stability. Selecting suitable resonators from a large variety of sizes allows control of mode spacing and finally mono‐mode operation, considered to be an important feature of semiconductor laser devices. The achieved results are essentially competitive to those obtained by vapor phase epitaxial microstructures, highlighting that epitaxy of high‐quality optoelectronic device structures is feasible by minimum technological efforts and energy consumption, which are of increasing importance considering issues such as global warming and the current energy crisis.
Construction of Wogonin Nanoparticle‐Containing Strontium‐Doped Nanoporous Structure on Titanium Surface to Promote Osteoporosis Fracture Repair
Authors: Wang Dong , Chen Mao‐Wen , Wei Yu‐Jia , Geng Wen‐Bo , Hu Yan , Luo Zhong , Cai Kai‐Yong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractM2 polarization of macrophage is an important immunomodulatory event that attenuates inflammation. To regulate the immune microenvironment in osteoporotic conditions for enhancing bone healing, strontium‐doped nano‐structure is fabricated on the surface of titanium implant via microarc oxidation and electrochemical deposition technology, followed by the addition of multiplayer coatings embedded with silk fibroin‐based wogonin nanoparticles (Ti‐MAO/Sr/LBLWNP) by layer‐by‐layer self‐assembly technique (LBL). It is found that Ti‐MAO/Sr/LBLWNPcan release wogonin and Sr2+in a sustainable manner for more than 7 and 21 days. In vitro studies show that Ti‐MAO/Sr/LBLWNPsignificantly upregulates the expression of CD206 while reducing the expression of CD86. Meanwhile, Ti‐MAO/Sr/LBLWNPcan promote the expression level of M2 macrophage anti‐inflammatory factor (TGF‐β1, Arg‐1), which improves the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts through paracrine signaling. Compared to bare titanium, Ti‐MAO/Sr/LBLWNPsignificantly inhibits the expression of inflammatory factors around the implant and effectively promotes new bone formation at pre‐implant interface after implantation for 4 weeks. This study provides a simple and effective method to develop functional titanium alloy materials for osteoporotic fracture repair.
Sulphur Assisted Nitrogen‐Rich CNF for Improving Electronic Interactions in Co‐NiO Heterostructures Toward Accelerated Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Surendran Subramani , Jesudass Sebastian Cyril , Janani Gnanaprakasam , Kim Joon Young , Lim Yoongu , Park Jihyun , Han Mi‐Kyung , Cho In Sun , Sim Uk 
Published: September 2022

AbstractElectrochemical water splitting is the eco‐friendly route to generate green hydrogen, which is recognized as sustainable energy for the future. However, the cost, operational efficiency, and long‐term durability of the electrochemical water splitting rely on the choice of the electrocatalysts. Hence, developing a superior design strategy is an important criterion to establish an efficient and sustainable water splitting system. Herein, a sulphur‐rich CoNiO heterostructure encapsulated on N‐rich carbon nanofibers (SCNO@N‐CNF) synthesized via a simple and efficient electrospinning technique is reported. The three‐way redox active centers, viz., the electron redistributed active Coδ ‐NiOδ + interfaces, S‐dopant sites with modified electronic density, and the porous N‐CNF matrix, makes the prepared electrocatalyst more efficient toward oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The SCNO@N‐CNF electrocatalyst exhibits a low OER and HER overpotentials (ηOER = 247 mV; ηHER = 169 mV) at a current density of 10 mA cm−2. Moreover, SCNO@N‐CNF was analyzed as the bifunctional electrocatalyst in overall electrochemical water splitting, and it is found to deliver 10 mA cm−2 at only 1.58 V. Thus, the design and engineering of multiple active elements in a single electrocatalyst is anticipated as an effective approach to establish an efficient and sustainable water splitting system.
Wafer‐Scale PLD‐Grown High‐κ GCZO Dielectrics for 2D Electronics
Authors: Yu Jing , Gao Guoyun , Han Wei , Wei Changting , Wang Yueyang , Lin Tianxiang , Zhang Tianyu , Zheng Zhi , Ki Dong‐Keun , Zhang Hongyuan , Ng Man Ho , Liu Hang , Wang Shuangpeng , Wang Hao , Ling Francis Chi‐Chung 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOxide dielectrics, such as HfO2, Al2O3, etc, are widely used to improve the performance of 2D semiconductors in electronic devices. However, future low‐power electronic devices need a higher dielectric constant (κ) to reduce the leakage current, and these super‐high‐κ materials are challenging to produce on wafer‐scale. Here, the preparation of wafer‐scale (Ga, Cu) co‐doping ZnO films is reported with super‐high dielectric constant (κ > 50) and good homogeneity by a pulsed laser deposition method. By regulating the (Ga, Cu) co‐doping concentration, the dielectric constants can range from 9 to 207. In addition, the performance of SnS2 field‐effect transistor reveals that the high‐κ Al2O3/GCZO gate dielectric stack is suitable for 2D electronic devices. This GCZO dielectric films not only show higher κ than other conventional dielectrics in terms of compatibility to CMOS processes, but also keep their comparative advantages in the fabrication of high‐performance electronic devices over conventional dielectrics.
Development of enhanced three‐dimensional printed packings for scale‐up of distillation columns: A successful case study
Authors: Neukäufer Johannes , Ashour Mohamed Adel , Sarajlic Nadin , Klein Harald , Rehfeldt Sebastian , Hallmann Heiko , Meinicke Sebastian , Paschold Jürgen , Knösche Carsten , Grützner Thomas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis publication presents a general approach for the enhancement of packings regarding scalability, separation efficiency, and fluid dynamic properties using three‐dimensional (3D) printing. The methodology is used to develop miniaturized, scalable packings for process development, and scale‐up applications. For this purpose, a 3D printable computer‐aided design version of the Rombopak 9M industrial packing (RP9M‐3D), which is known for its positive scalability properties, was created. An initial characterization by means of computational fluid dynamics simulations and mass transfer measurements reveals positive but also negative design properties. These findings are used to create a more advanced, miniaturized packing structure, the XW‐Pak. The evolved structure is compared to the RP9M‐3D. The simulation and experimental results show that the enhanced packing, which is still in the early stages of development, exhibits higher separation efficiencies with improved scalability properties at the same void fraction and surface area than the RP9M‐3D.
Robust and Dynamic Polymer Networks Enabled by Woven Crosslinks
Authors: Li Guangfeng , Zhao Jun , Zhang Zhaoming , Zhao Xinyang , Cheng Lin , Liu Yuhang , Guo Zhewen , Yu Wei , Yan Xuzhou 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCrosslinking plays a crucial role in determining mechanical properties of polymer materials. Although various crosslinks based on covalent or noncovalent bonds have been adopted, it remains an enormous challenge to develop a crosslink which could endow corresponding polymer network with robust yet dynamic properties. Herein, we report a crosslink simultaneously having dynamic property and woven geometry, and the polymer network with woven crosslinks (WPN) could integrate the merits of covalent polymer network (CPN) and supramolecular polymer network (SPN). In specific, the WPN not only exhibits comparable stiffness, strength, elastic recovery, and anti‐fatigue property to those of CPN, but also possesses decent mechanical adaptivity and ductility, similar to those of SPN. Particularly, its toughness and puncture resistance are much superior to those of the others. Besides, the dynamicity of woven crosslink also imparts good performances of self‐healing and processability to WPN.