bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct and Rectified Effects of Tropical Instability Waves on the Eastern Tropical Pacific Mean State in a Regional Ocean Model
Authors: Maillard Lisa , Boucharel Julien , Renault Lionel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Tropical instability waves (TIWs) are oceanic features propagating westward along the northern front of the Pacific cold tongue. Observational and modeling studies suggest that TIWs may have a large impact on the eastern tropical Pacific background state from seasonal to interannual time scales through heat advection and mixing. However, observations are coarse or limited to surface data, and modeling studies are often based on the comparison of low- versus high-resolution simulations. In this study, we perform a set of regional high-resolution ocean simulations (CROCO 1/12°) in which we strongly damp (NOTIWs-RUN) or not (TIWs-RUN) TIW propagation, by nudging meridional current velocities in the TIW region toward their monthly climatological values. This approach, while effectively removing TIW mesoscale activity, does not alter the model internal physics in particular related to the equatorial Kelvin wave dynamics. The impact of TIWs on the oceanic mean state is then assessed by comparing the two simulations. While the well-known direct effect of TIW heat advection is to weaken the meridional temperature gradient by warming up the cold tongue (0.34°C month−1), the rectified effect of TIWs onto the mean state attenuates this direct effect by cooling down the cold tongue (−0.10°C month−1). This rectified effect occurs through the TIW-induced deepening and weakening of the Equatorial Undercurrent, which subsequently modulates the mean zonal advection and counterbalances the TIWs’ direct effect. This approach allows quantifying the rectified effect of TIWs without degrading the model horizontal resolution and may lead to a better characterization of the eastern tropical Pacific mean state and to the development of TIW parameterizations in Earth system models.

Significance Statement
Tropical instability waves (TIWs), meandering features at the surface of the equatorial Pacific Ocean, have long been recognized as a key component of the climate system that can even impact marine ecosystems. Yet, they are still hardly simulated in coupled global climate models. Here, we introduce a new framework to isolate and quantify their complex influence on the tropical Pacific background climate. This approach allows revealing a so far overlooked effect of TIWs on the mean circulation and heat transport in this region that should be accounted for in the next generation of global coupled climate models through parameterization or increased resolution.
The Consequences of Surface-Exchange Coefficient Uncertainty on an Otherwise Highly Predictable Major Hurricane
Authors: Nystrom Robert G. , Judt Falko 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In addition to initial conditions, uncertainty in model physics can also influence the practical predictability of tropical cyclones. In this study, the influence that various magnitudes of uncertainty in the surface exchange coefficients of momentum (Cd) and enthalpy (Ck) can have on an otherwise highly predictable major hurricane (Hurricane Patricia) is compared with that resulting from climatological environmental initial condition uncertainty and the intrinsic limit for this case. As the systematic uncertainty in Cd and Ck is reduced from 40% to 1%, the simulated uncertainty in the intensity and structure is substantially reduced and approaches the intrinsic limit when uncertainty is reduced to 1%. In addition, the forecasted intensity and structure uncertainty only becomes less than that resulting from climatological environmental initial condition uncertainty once the systematic uncertainty in Cd and Ck is reduced to ∼10%, highlighting the strong influence of model error in limiting TC predictability. If Cd and Ck are perturbed stochastically, instead of systematically, it is shown that the influence on the simulated intensity and structure is negligible and nearly identical to the intrinsic limit, regardless of the magnitude of the stochastic Cd and Ck perturbations. While the magnitude of the stochastic Cd and Ck perturbations are comparable to the systematic perturbations, the stochastic perturbations are shown to not substantially perturb the time-integrated inner-core fluxes of momentum or enthalpy that predominantly determine simulated tropical cyclone intensity. Last, it is shown that the kinetic energy error growth behavior varies with the radius, azimuthal wavenumber, and ensemble design.

Significance Statement
The air–sea energy exchange beneath hurricanes is highly uncertain but strongly influences intensity. In this study, the influences of different magnitudes of surface-exchange coefficient uncertainty on the simulated intensity of an intense hurricane is compared with that resulting from environmental initial condition uncertainty and the intrinsic predictability limit. The main takeaway is that current surface-exchange coefficient uncertainties result in larger intensity uncertainty than environmental initial condition uncertainty, and substantial improvements in predictions are possible if current surface-exchange coefficient uncertainties are reduced. Furthermore, it is shown that randomly perturbing the surface-exchange coefficients at each point in space and time is not the best approach to account for the influences of this uncertain physical process on hurricane prediction because it has minimal influence on the simulated intensity.
Complications Following Temporary Bilateral Internal Iliac Artery Ligation for Pelvic Hemorrhage Control in Trauma
Authors: Schellenberg Morgan , Gallegos Hannah , Owattanapanich Natthida , Wong Monica D. , Bardes James M. , Joos Emilie , Vogt Kelly N. , Inaba Kenji 
Published: May 2022

Background: Temporary bilateral internal iliac artery ligation (TBIIAL) is an option for surgical control of pelvic hemorrhage after trauma. Concerns persist that complications, particularly gluteal necrosis, following TBIIAL should preclude its use, despite a lack of formal research on TBIIAL complications. This study aimed to define complications following TBIIAL for emergent control of traumatic pelvic bleeding. Study Design: Patients undergoing TBIIAL after blunt trauma (2008-2020) at our level 1 trauma center were included without exclusions. Demographics, clinical/injury data, and outcomes were collected. Descriptive statistics summarized study variables. Multivariable analysis of factors independently associated with mortality after TBIIAL was performed. Results: In total, 77 patients undergoing emergent TBIIAL after blunt trauma were identified. Median age was 46 [IQR 29-63] years. Most patients ( n = 70, 91%) were severely injured (ISS ≥16), with 43% undergoing resuscitative thoracotomy prior to TBIIAL. No local complications (gluteal necrosis, iatrogenic injury, fascial dehiscence, surgical site infection) after TBIIAL occurred over the 13-year study period. In the first 28 days after injury, median hospital-, ICU-, and ventilator-free days were 0. Mortality was 70% ( n = 54). On multivariable analysis, older age was the only variable independently associated with in-hospital mortality (OR 1.081, P = .028). Conclusion: Zero cases of gluteal necrosis, iatrogenic injury to surrounding structures, or surgical site infection/fascial dehiscence of the exploratory laparotomy occurred over the study period. High concern for gluteal necrosis after TBIIAL in severely injured trauma patients is unfounded and should not prevent a surgeon from obtaining prompt pelvic hemorrhage control with this technique among patients in extremis.
Multi-inflammatory Index as a Novel Mortality Predictor in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Gozdas Hasan Tahsin , Kayis Seyit Ali , Damarsoy Tugce , Ozsari Emine , Turkoglu Mustafa , Yildiz Isa , Demirhan Abdullah 
Published: May 2022

Aim Systemic inflammation has a crucial role in the pathogenesis and mortality of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Multi-inflammatory index (MII) is a novel index related with systemic inflammation. In this study, we investigated the relationship between MII and in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of COVID-19 patients followed-up in the ICU of our institution between 01.04.2020 and 01.10.2021. Patients were classified into two groups according to mortality status as survivors and non-survivors. Various inflammatory parameters of the groups were compared and their efficacy in predicting mortality was investigated. Results Out of 348 study patients, 86 cases (24.7%) were in the survived group and 262 cases (75.3%) were in the dead group. The median age of the mortal group was significantly higher than that of the survived group (65.5 vs 76, P < .001). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that among all the included inflammatory parameters, MII showed the best efficacy for predicting mortality (OR: 0.999; 95% CI: 0.9991-0.9998; P = .003). Conclusion MII, a new combination of Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and C-reactive protein (CRP), is a simple and practical biomarker that can help us in the prediction of mortality in COVID-19 patients followed-up in the ICU.
Study on the solid particle erosion characteristic of top gas pressure recovery turbine under variable working condition
Authors: Cai Liuxi , Wang Shunsen , Li Yun , Mao Jingru , Feng Zhenping 
Published: May 2022

Aiming at the problem of particle erosion in top gas pressure recovery turbines, the physical and chemical properties of the sampled gas dust particles are tested in this paper, and particle motion behavior and erosion characteristics in the turbine cascade are investigated by employing a validated numerical method. On this basis, the influence mechanism of adjustable stator angle and rotate speed on the erosion characteristics of blades under variable working conditions is quantitatively explored. Results show that the erosion damage of the first-stage stator S1 and rotor R1 are mainly initiated by particles with different size. The change of adjustable stator angle will change the load and gas enthalpy drop distribution of the cascade, which then affects the impingement velocity and position of the particles. When adjustable stator angle reduces from 44.2 to 25% opening, erosion of S1 trailing edge grows about 20%, while the erosion of R1 trailing edge reduces by 50%. The change of rotating speed will change the relative magnitude of the particle centrifugal force and airflow drag force, which in turn affects the particle’s trajectory and impingement velocity. When rotate speed increases from 3,000 to 4,500 r/min, both the particle impingement velocity and escape rate increase, resulting in doubling of the erosion on blade leading edge and halving of the erosion on blade trailing edge. Finally, for the high rotation speed TRT operating under variable working conditions, some insightful suggestions are given to minimize the erosion damage of the turbine blades.
Feasibility of intraoperative MRI for endovascular coiling of intracranial aneurysms: A single centre experience
Authors: Yan Yi , Kaderali Zul , Chowdhury Tumul , Shankar Jai 
Published: May 2022

Background Intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging system (iMRIS) surgical theatre is a highly integrated operating room with an intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) designed originally for brain tumour surgery. Its use in neurointerventional procedures, particularly in the setting of endovascular coiling of intracranial aneurysms, has not been discussed in the literature to date. We present our initial experience about the safety and feasibility of iMRI to assess post operative complications and provide baseline imaging post coiling of intracranial aneurysms. Methods Consecutive patients who underwent iMRI between 2015 and 2018 were included in the study. Demographic, clinical details, endovascular technique and surgical outcomes were collected. Details of anesthesia during the procedure were also collected. Results Fifteen patients underwent iMRI with MRA to assess post coiling status of their elective endovascular coiling of intracranial aneurysms. The mean age in this cohort was 61 years and 46.7% were male. No immediate complications were seen either from the endovascular procedures or from the iMRI. All iMRI scans were performed as planned with no aborted or truncated scans. The image quality of the iMRI/MRA was adequate to detect the residual aneurysm, if present. There was no residual aneurysm on the angiogram that were not detected on the iMRIs. Of the 15 patients, 10 were safely discharged the following day and other 5 were discharged 2 days after their surgery. Conclusions The iMRI is an advantageous tool which can be integrated into neurointerventional workflow resulting in early post peri-procedural feedback and potentially reduced post-operative hospital stay.
Kinesio taping to address post-sternotomy scars in pediatric patients: A case report
Authors: Harvey Elizabeth G 
Published: May 2022

Introduction The role of postoperative scar tissue adhesion and its impact on motor control in infants with congenital heart disease has not been explored in the literature. Elastic therapeutic tapes, such as Kinesio tape, are designed to affect the integumentary system. This case report aims to demonstrate the safety and present the observations following use of Kinesio tape to treat scar tissue in a pediatric patient after open-heart surgery in conjunction with standard rehabilitation. Method This retrospective case report presents observations of an infant's sternotomy scar adhesion and gross motor development after six applications of Kinesio tape. The sternotomy and drain tube scars were treated with Kinesio tape fascia applications in addition to standard physical therapy (PT). Discussion Several domains showed positive changes. The scar mobility and appearance improved. The patient's motor skills improved, possibly due to skin stretch's role in motor learning. The taping application did not cause discomfort, and there were no adverse reactions. Conclusion In this infant, the three-month-old sternotomy scar improved in adherence and appearance after six applications of Kinesio Fingerprint tape; motor skills also increased in the presence of standard PT. There were no adverse reactions noted with the protocol. Kinesio tape may provide a safe adjunct to treat scar tissue adhesion in infants with median sternotomy scars. Lay Summary Issue being explored Sternotomy scars can cause physical and psychological harm. Sensors (receptors) in the skin help with movement and balance responses. The impact of scar stiffness (adhesion) on developing motor control has not been reported in infants. Treating the scar in the remodelling phase with elastic tape may improve the scar's appearance and ability to move, thereby improving development.
Impact of etoposide and ASCT on survival among patients aged &lt;65 years with stage II to IV PTCL: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Brink Mirian , Meeuwes Frederik O. , van der Poel Marjolein W. M. , Kersten Marie José , Wondergem Mariëlle , Mutsaers Pim G. N. J. , Böhmer Lara H. , Woei-A-Jin F. J. Sherida H. , Visser Otto , Oostvogels Rimke , Jansen Patty M. , Plattel Wouter , Huls Gerwin A. , Vermaat Joost S. P. , Nijland Marcel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Patients aged &lt;65 years with peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) are treated with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP). Although the addition of etoposide (CHOEP) and consolidation with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) are preferred in some countries, randomized trials are lacking. This nationwide population-based study assessed the impact of etoposide and ASCT on overall survival (OS) among patients aged 18 to 64 years with stage II to IV anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL), angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL), or PTCL not otherwise specified (NOS) diagnosed between 1989 and 2018 using the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Patients were categorized into 2 calendar periods, representing pre- and post-eras of etoposide and ASCT, respectively. A total of 1427 patients were identified (ALCL, 35%; AITL, 21%; and PTCL NOS, 44%). OS increased from 39% in the period from 1989 to 2009 to 49% in the period of 2009 to 2018 (P &lt; .01). Five-year OS was superior for patients treated with CHOEP vs CHOP (64% and 44%, respectively; P &lt; .01). When adjusted for subtype, International Prognostic Index score, and ASCT, the risk of mortality was similar between the 2 groups, except for patients with ALK+ ALCL, for whom the risk of mortality was 6.3 times higher when treated with CHOP vs CHOEP. Patients undergoing consolidation with ASCT had superior 5-year OS of 81% compared with 39% for patients not undergoing ASCT (P &lt; .01), regardless of whether complete remission was achieved. In patients aged &lt;65 years with advanced-stage ALK− ALCL, AITL, or PTCL, the use of ASCT consolidation, but not the addition of etoposide, was associated with improved OS.
Prioritization of risk genes in multiple sclerosis by a refined Bayesian framework followed by tissue-specificity and cell type feature assessment
Authors: Liu Andi , Manuel Astrid M. , Dai Yulin , Zhao Zhongming 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system that affects over 2 million people worldwide, resulting in a heavy burden to families and entire communities. Understanding the genetic basis underlying MS could help decipher the pathogenesis and shed light on MS treatment. We refined a recently developed Bayesian framework, Integrative Risk Gene Selector (iRIGS), to prioritize risk genes associated with MS by integrating the summary statistics from the largest GWAS to date (n = 115,803), various genomic features, and gene–gene closeness.

Results
We identified 163 MS-associated prioritized risk genes (MS-PRGenes) through the Bayesian framework. We replicated 35 MS-PRGenes through two-sample Mendelian randomization (2SMR) approach by integrating data from GWAS and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) of 19 tissues. We demonstrated that MS-PRGenes had more substantial deleterious effects and disease risk. Moreover, single-cell enrichment analysis indicated MS-PRGenes were more enriched in activated macrophages and microglia macrophages than non-activated ones in control samples. Biological and drug enrichment analyses highlighted inflammatory signaling pathways.

Conclusions
In summary, we predicted and validated a high-confidence MS risk gene set from diverse genomic, epigenomic, eQTL, single-cell, and drug data. The MS-PRGenes could further serve as a benchmark of MS GWAS risk genes for future validation or genetic studies.
The transcriptome-wide N6-methyladenosine (m6A) map profiling reveals the regulatory role of m6A in the yak ovary
Authors: Guo Shaoke , Wang Xingdong , Cao Mengli , Wu Xiaoyun , Xiong Lin , Bao Pengjia , Chu Min , Liang Chunnian , Yan Ping , Pei Jie , Guo Xian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background and aim
Yak estrus is a seasonal phenomenon, probably involving epigenetic regulation of synthesis and secretion of sex hormones as well as growth and development of follicles. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common internal modification of the eukaryotic mRNA. However, there are no detailed reports on the m6A transcriptome map of yak ovary. Therefore, this study aimed to collected the yak ovarian tissues at three different states of anestrus (YO-A), estrus (YO-F), and pregnancy (YO-P), and obtained the full transcriptome m6A map in yak by MeRIP-seq.

Results
The HE staining revealed that the number of growing follicles and mature follicles in the ovary during the estrus period was relatively higher than those in the anestrus period and the pregnancy period. The RT-qPCR showed that the expression of METTL3, METTL14, FTO, YTHDC1 were significantly different across different periods in the ovaries, which suggests that m6A may play a regulatory role in ovarian activity. Next, we identified 20,174, 19,747 and 13,523 m6A peaks in the three ovarian samples of YO-A, YO-F and YO-P using the methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq). The m6A peaks are highly enriched in the coding sequence (CDS) region and 3′untranslated region (3′UTR) as well as the conserved sequence of “RRACH.” The GO, KEGG and GSEA analysis revealed the involvement of m6A in many physiological activities of the yak’s ovary during reproductive cycle. The association analysis found that some genes such as BNC1, HOMER1, BMP15, BMP6, GPX3, and WNT11 were related to ovarian functions.

Conclusions
The comparison of the distribution patterns of methylation peaks in the ovarian tissues across different periods further explored the m6A markers related to the regulation of ovarian ovulation and follicular development in the yak ovary. This comprehensive map provides a solid foundation for revealing the potential function of the mRNA m6A modification in the yak ovary.
Nutritional status and associated factors of older persons in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review
Authors: Obeng Paul , Kyereh Henneh Kwaku , Sarfo Jacob Owusu , Ansah Edward Wilson , Attafuah Priscilla Yeye Adumoah 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe older person population is rapidly increasing globally, including sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Concurrently, malnutrition is also increasing among older persons in SSA, with a dearth of empirical evidence on nutritional status and associated factors among the older persons in the region to inform effective interventions to promote healthy ageing.Aim/ObjectiveThis review assessed the nutritional status and associated factors among older persons in SSA.MethodPubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library electronic databases were searched for published articles from 2010 to 2021 using keywords and Boolean logic. Also, we carried out a free web-based search to retrieve other relevant evidence that assesses the older persons’ nutritional status. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses flow chart was used to appraise the research articles that responded to the study’s research questions.FindingsTwenty studies met the inclusion criteria, from which data were extracted as findings. The malnutrition prevalence was between 6 to 54% among older persons in SSA. We found that the prevalence of malnutrition vary and could be as high as 28.4% in a low socio-economic status area. Of these studies, twelve (12) provided data on undernutrition with prevalence ranging from 2.9 to 41%;10 provided data on overweight (8.1–54.1%) and 5 on obesity (2.7–44.7%). Seventeen of the studies evaluated factors associated with malnutrition; 4 studies revealed the association between socioeconomic status and malnutrition, 7 studies reported a significant association between dietary habits and malnutrition. Four studies showed an association between educational status and malnutrition. Disease conditions associated with malnutrition were reported in four of the studies.ConclusionThis review shows that malnutrition is a problem among older persons in SSA coupled with many risk factors which should be given critical attention. We recommend nutrition education for older persons as well as the development of nutrition interventions for this vulnerable group.