bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An internet-based educational intervention for mothers targeting preschoolers’ weight management promotion (PWMP): a pilot study
Authors: Ghofranipour Fazlollah , Hamzavi Zarghani Najmeh , Mohammadi Eesa , Mehrizi Ali Asghar Haeri , Tavousi Mahmoud , De Craemer Marieke , Cardon Greet 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of overweight and obesity among children has raised public health concerns. This study aimed to design and evaluate a behaviour change intervention program to promote weight management among Tehranian preschoolers.MethodsThe PRECEDE-PROCEED model is one of the most popular models in health education used to develop and evaluate most educational interventions. In this one-group pre and post-pilot study, 13 mothers of preschoolers were recruited from preschools in Tehran (the capital of Iran), in August 2020. Mothers received a six-week educational intervention, including text messages and educational videos via WhatsApp, to increase their self-efficacy to overcome barriers changing their children’s lifestyle. Mothers reported preschoolers’ height and weight to assess Body Mass Index and filled out the Food Frequency Questionnaire, the Persian version of the children's health-related quality of life questionnaire, and demographic features. The “Children’s physical activity and sedentary behaviors checklist,” newly designed by the researchers, was also filled out by mothers. These behaviors were measured according to the minutes that children were involved in these activities in a day, and the days they spent in a week for them. All variables were measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and three months later. Data analysis was performed using SPSS IBM statistics version 22. Friedman test was used to evaluate changes over time.ResultsThe findings demonstrated that the mean BMI z-score stayed steady between baseline, immediately after the intervention and after three months (P = 0.60). Besides, after three months, the intervention programme led to a decrease in soft drink consumption (P = 0.001), and an increase in parental perception of their child’s general health (P = 0.05), the parental concern regarding their child’s emotional and physical health (P = 0.002) and minutes of physical activity per day (P = 0.02). However, fruit intake decreased (P = 0.01), and simple sugar, such as cube, increased (P = 0.03).ConclusionResults from this study are promising but should be interpreted with caution and should be replicated on a larger scale and compared with a control group to evaluate whether effects are maintained in a larger sample.
HIV and syphilis knowledge, perceptions, and practices among Myanmar migrant workers in Samut Sakhon Province, Thailand
Authors: Paloga Alfrison , Arthan Dumrongkiet , Maneekan Pannamas , Kitcharoen Patreeya , Wattanapisit Apichai , Paratthakonkun Chirawat , Phuanukoonnon Suparat , Tun Shoon Lei Nyan Wai , Soonthornworasiri Ngamphol 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Thailand has been one of the largest migration hubs in Southeast Asia for the past four decades and keeps attracting migrants from neighboring countries. Due to difficulties associated with their status, migration can place individuals at a heightened risk for sexually transmitted diseases. This study aimed to examine factors influencing HIV and syphilis preventive behaviors among Myanmar migrants in Samut Sakhon, Thailand.

Methods
A cross-sectional mixed-method study was conducted among Myanmar migrants aged 18 years and above in Samut Sakhon Province, Thailand. To fulfill this study's aims, four hundred seventy-three respondents completed a survey to provide quantitative data, and eight participants completed in-depth qualitative interviews. The factors associated with protective sexual behaviors were identified with multiple logistic regression analysis of the quantitative study data and thematic analysis of the qualitative data.

Results
The respondents showed good knowledge of HIV and syphilis (50.1%), but over half (55.6%) exhibited the negative perception of sexually transmitted disease prevention; about 81.4% of male respondents never used a condom when they had sexual intercourse in the past year. Based on multivariate analysis, income expenses-balance (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.379, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.002–5.731, p = 0.049), number of sex partners (AOR = 3.044, 95% CI: 1.339–6.924, p = 0.008), and having sex with a prostitute (AOR = 6.085, 95% CI: 1.28–28.918, p = 0.023) were all statistically associated with unprotected sex. In the qualitative analysis, knowledge, understanding, beliefs; the influence of culture, community, and environment; and condom perceptions were also important factors.

Conclusion
Low use of condoms in sexual practice was identified, and the appropriate intervention or approach to improve the utilization of condoms in the community was provided.
Is the reconstruction of medial support important for revision following failed treatment of femoral trochanteric fractures? a retrospective comparative study
Authors: Qi Lin , Zhang Wei , Chang Zuhao , Zuo Zhaoxia , Li Jiaqi , Li Jiantao , Chen Hua , Tang Peifu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Hip-preserving revision in patients with failed treatment of femoral trochanteric fracture is still a major challenge. Whether the medial support reconstruction could benefit the patients and improve the success rate of hip-preserving revision is still controversial. Hence, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance and prognosis of medial support reconstruction during the hip-preserving revision of failed femoral trochanteric fracture treatment.

Methods
Patients with failed femoral trochanteric fractures treatments addressed by hip-preserving revision at our hospital from January 2014 to December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. 31 patients were included and divided into a medial support group (n = 16) and a non-medial support group (n = 15). The fracture healing rate was the primary measurement. In addition, the differences in Oxford Hip Score (OHS), quality of life, surgical trauma, and complications were also evaluated.

Results
The fracture healing rate (100%, 16/16 vs. 66.67%, 10/15), the OHS (42.06 ± 4.12 vs. 30.93 ± 11.56, M ± SD), and the mental component score of the 12-item Short-Form Survey (SF-12) (54.48 ± 5.38 vs. 47.90 ± 3.47, M ± SD), were significantly better and the incidence of complications [0(0/16) vs. 40%(6/15)] was significantly lower in the medial support group than the non-medial support group (p < 0.05). No significant differences in the physical component score of the SF-12, surgical trauma and reduction in collodiaphyseal angle of affected femur were observed between groups.

Conclusions
The reconstruction of medial support seems important for revision following failed treatment of femoral trochanteric fractures. Due to the medial augmentation and improvement of the mechanical stability for proximal femur, the patients might benefit from fracture healing prognosis and functional.
Impact of advanced practice nurses in hospital units on compliance with clinical practice guidelines: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Pol-Castañeda Sandra , Rodriguez-Calero Miguel Angel , Villafáfila-Gomila Carlos Javier , Blanco-Mavillard Ian , Zaforteza-Lallemand Concepción , Ferrer-Cruz Francisco , De Pedro-Gómez Joan Ernest 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Incorporating the best available evidence into clinical practice is a determining challenge for healthcare professionals and organisations. The role of advanced practice nurses is viewed as a facilitator to adapt guideline recommendations to suit specific contexts and to overcome barriers to implementation. In this study, we evaluate the impact of advanced practice nurses on clinical indicators of hospitalised patients and on adherence to recommendations derived from two clinical practice guidelines (pressure ulcer prevention and treatment and vascular access device management).

Methods
Quasi-experimental study in five intervention (IU) and five control (CU) hospital units at three hospitals in Spain (period 2018–19). Five advanced practice nurses were incorporated into IU, with the intention that would produce attitudinal changes and enhance the skills and knowledge of the nursing team regarding 18 clinical practice recommendations. In this study, 41 indicators were evaluated through direct observation of all patients admitted, at monthly intervals for 1 year. Outcomes were assessed by means of a descriptive, multi-line regression and association analysis.

Results
The study population was composed of 3742 inpatients admitted for pressure ulcer assessment and 2631 fitted with vascular access devices. By the end of the study period, all variables had improved in the IU, where average compliance with recommendations was statistically significantly higher (pressure ulcer guidance 7.9 ± 1.9 vs 6.0 ± 1.7. OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.67–2.05; vascular access devices guidance 5.4 ± 1.4 vs 4.4 ± 1,6. OR 1.06, 95% CI 0.95–1.17). The prevalence of pressure lesions and catheter-related adverse events decreased statistically significantly in the IU compared to the CU. The prevalence of pressure ulcers decreases (5.7% in IU vs 8.7% in CU p < 0.005) as well as the prevalence of adverse events related to the catheter (14% In IU vs 21.6% in CU p < 0.005). The unnecessary catheters decressed in IU 10.9% VS CU 15.8% (p < 0.005).

Conclusions
The incorporation of an advanced practice nurse statistically significantly improves clinical indicators related to the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers and to the management of vascular access devices.

Trial registration
ISRCTN18259923 retrospectively registered on 11/02/2022.
Rural-urban prescribing patterns by primary care and behavioral health providers in older adults with serious mental illness
Authors: Muench Ulrike , Jura Matthew , Thomas Cindy Parks , Perloff Jennifer , Spetz Joanne 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Older adults with serious mental illness (SMI) often have multiple comorbidities and complex medication schedules. Shortages of behavioral health specialists (BHSs), especially in rural areas, frequently make primary care providers (PCPs) the only clinician managing this complex population. The aim of this study was to describe rural/urban psychiatric medication prescribing in older adults with SMI by PCPs and BHSs, and by clinician type.

Methods
This retrospective descriptive analysis used 2018 Medicare data to identify individuals with a bipolar, major depression, schizophrenia, or psychosis diagnosis and examined medication claims for antianxiety, antidepressants, antipsychotics, hypnotics, and anticonvulsants. Descriptive statistics summarized percentage of medications provided by PCPs and BHSs stratified by rural and urban areas and by drug class. Additional analyses compared psychiatric prescribing patterns by physicians, advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs), and physician assistants (PAs).

Results
In urban areas, PCPs prescribed at least 50% of each psychiatric medication class, except antipsychotics, which was 45.2%. BHSs prescribed 40.7% of antipsychotics and less than 25% of all other classes. In rural areas, percentages of psychiatric medications from PCPs were over 70% for each medication class, except antipsychotics, which was 60.1%. Primary care physicians provided most psychiatric medications, between 36%-57% in urban areas and 47%-65% in rural areas. Primary care APRNs provided up to 13% of prescriptions in rural areas, which was more than the amount prescribed by BHS physicians, expect for antipsychotics. Psychiatric mental health APRNs provided up to 7.5% of antipsychotics in rural areas, but their prescribing contribution among other classes ranged between 1.1%-3.6%. PAs provided 2.5%-3.4% of medications in urban areas and this increased to 3.9%-5.1% in rural areas.

Conclusions
Results highlight the extensive roles of PCPs, including APRNs, in managing psychiatric medications for older adults with SMI.
Workplace violence at emergency departments, Ain Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt
Authors: Assil Altaf O. , Salem Amna A. , Mokhtar Omnya A. , Taha Omnia H. , Ramadan Amany M. , Mansour Amal H. R. , Awad Amal A. E. , El-Hossainy Amira A. , Khattab Amir A. , Salem Alshaymaa M. , Dalaab Amany E. A. , Azab Sonya M. S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The present study aimed to determine the prevalence and forms of workplace violence (WPV) at the emergency departments (EDs) of Ain Shams University Hospitals (ASUH), Cairo and identify risk factors for WPV.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted at the EDs of ASUH comprising attending physicians and nurses using a self-administered structured questionnaire. Interviews were conducted with patients and relatives attending these departments to explore attitudes toward WPV against healthcare workers.

Results
The present study comprised 108 healthcare professionals working in EDs. Verbal violence was the most common type of WPV (86.1%), followed by sexual (48.1%) and physical violence (34.3%). Patient relatives were the most common perpetrator of all types of violence. A lack of facilities was the most common risk factor for violence (82.4%), followed by overcrowding (50.9%) and patient culture (47.2%). On the other hand, approximately 78% of interviewed patients and relatives agreed that the occurrence of violence at EDs was due to several triggering factors, including improper manner of communication by healthcare workers (63.2%), lack of facilities (32.4%), waiting time (22.1%), and unmet expectations (22.1%).

Conclusion
WPV represents a significant issue in EDs with violent behavior against healthcare workers widely accepted by attending patients.
Associations between PM2.5 exposure and Alzheimer’s Disease prevalence Among elderly in eastern China
Authors: Yang Li , Wan Wenjie , Yu Caiyan , Xuan Cheng , Zheng Pinpin , Yan Jing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Studies showed that PM2.5 might be associated with various neurogenic diseases such as Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). However, this topic had been little studied in Zhejiang province of China.

Methods
In 2018, we established a cohort of AD high-risk population with 1,742 elderly aged 60 and above. In 2020, the cohort was followed up, a total of 1,545 people participated the 2 surveys. Data collection included questionnaires and basic physical examinations. The average residential exposure to PM2.5 for each participant, that in a 5-years period prior to the first survey, was estimated using a satellite-based spatial statistical model. We determined the association between PM2.5 and AD prevalence by cox proportional hazards regression model.

Results
This study showed that an increase in the PM2.5 level was an important associated risk factor that contributed to AD. The average PM2.5 exposure levels among the study population ranged from 32.69 μg/m3 to 39.67 μg/m3 from 2013 to 2017, which were much higher than 5 μg/m3 that specified in the WHO air quality guidelines. There was an association between PM2.5 exposure and AD, and the correlations between PM2.5 and Mini-Mental State Examination, Montreal cognitive assessment scale scores were statistically significant. An increase in the PM2.5 level by 10 μg/m3 elevated the risk of AD among residents by 2%-5% (HR model 2-model 4 = 1.02 to 1.05, CI model 2-model 4 = 1.01–1.10). The subgroups of male, with old age, with low education levels, used to work as farmers or blue-collar workers before retirement, overweight and obese were associated with a higher effect of PM2.5.

Conclusions
Reducing PM2.5 exposure might be a good way to prevent AD.
Predictive factors for severe long-term chronic kidney disease after acute kidney injury requiring renal replacement therapy in critically ill patients: an ancillary study of the ELVIS randomized controlled trial
Authors: Soum Edouard , Timsit Jean-François , Ruckly Stephane , Gruson Didier , Canet Emmanuel , Klouche Kada , Argaud Laurent , Garrouste-Orgeas Maïté , Mariat Christophe , Vincent François , Cayot Sophie , Darmon Michael , Bohé Julien , Schwebel Carole , Bouadma Lila , Dupuis Claire , Souweine Bertrand , Lautrette Alexandre 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) is a serious complication in the ICU that results in increased mortality and risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Some studies suggest RRT modality may have an impact on long-term renal recovery after AKI. However, other predictive factors of severe long-term CKD in ICU patients with AKI requiring RRT are unknown.

Methods
We performed an ancillary study of the multicenter ELVIS trial in the population with AKI requiring RRT. Patients alive 3 months after RRT initiation were eligible. Serum creatinine levels available at 3, 6 and 12 months and 3 and 5 years were recorded. CKD stage was determined according to the glomerular filtration rate as estimated by the CKD-EPI formula. At each timepoint, two groups of patients were compared, a no/mild CKD group with normal or mildly to moderately decreased renal function (stages 1, 2 and 3 of the international classification) and a severe CKD group (stages 4 and 5). Our objective was to identify predictive factors of severe long-term CKD.

Results
Of the 287 eligible patients, 183 had follow-up at 3 months, 136 (74.3%) from the no/mild CKD group and 47 (25.7%) from the severe CKD group, and 122 patients at 5 years comprising 96 (78.7%) from the no/mild CKD group and 26 (21.3%) from the severe CKD group. Multivariate analysis showed that a long RRT period was associated with severe CKD up to 12 months (ORM12 = 1.03 95% CI [1.02–1.05] per day) and that a high SOFA score at the initiation of RRT was not associated with severe CKD up to 5 years (ORM60 = 0.85 95% CI [0.77–0.93] per point).

Conclusion
Severe long-term CKD was found in 21% of ICU survivors who underwent RRT for AKI. The duration of the RRT in AKI patients was identified as a new predictive factor for severe long-term CKD. This finding should be taken into consideration in future studies on the prognosis of ICU patients with AKI requiring RRT.
Trial registration ELVIS trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number: NCT00875069 (June 16, 2014), and this ancillary study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number: NCT03302624 (October 6, 2017).
Manipulating chromatin architecture in C. elegans
Authors: Carter John L. , Kempton Colton E. , Hales Emily D. S. , Johnson Steven M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Nucleosome-mediated chromatin compaction has a direct effect on the accessibility of trans-acting activators and repressors to DNA targets and serves as a primary regulatory agent of genetic expression. Understanding the nature and dynamics of chromatin is fundamental to elucidating the mechanisms and factors that epigenetically regulate gene expression. Previous work has shown that there are three types of canonical sequences that strongly regulate nucleosome positioning and thus chromatin accessibility: putative nucleosome-positioning elements, putative nucleosome-repelling sequences, and homopolymeric runs of A/T. It is postulated that these elements can be used to remodel chromatin in C. elegans. Here we show the utility of such elements in vivo, and the extreme efficacy of a newly discovered repelling sequence, PRS-322.

Results
In this work, we show that it is possible to manipulate nucleosome positioning in C. elegans solely using canonical and putative positioning sequences. We have not only tested previously described sequences such as the Widom 601, but also have tested additional nucleosome-positioning sequences: the Trifonov sequence, putative repelling sequence-322 (PRS-322), and various homopolymeric runs of A and T nucleotides.

Conclusions
Using each of these types of putative nucleosome-positioning sequences, we demonstrate their ability to alter the nucleosome profile in C. elegans as evidenced by altered nucleosome occupancy and positioning in vivo. Additionally, we show the effect that PRS-322 has on nucleosome-repelling and chromatin remodeling.
Epigenetic and transcriptomic reprogramming in monocytes of severe COVID-19 patients reflects alterations in myeloid differentiation and the influence of inflammatory cytokines
Authors: Godoy-Tena Gerard , Barmada Anis , Morante-Palacios Octavio , de la Calle-Fabregat Carlos , Martins-Ferreira Ricardo , Ferreté-Bonastre Anna G. , Ciudad Laura , Ruiz-Sanmartín Adolfo , Martínez-Gallo Mónica , Ferrer Ricard , Ruiz-Rodriguez Juan Carlos , Rodríguez-Ubreva Javier , Vento-Tormo Roser , Ballestar Esteban 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 manifests with a wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes, ranging from asymptomatic and mild to severe and critical. Severe and critical COVID-19 patients are characterized by marked changes in the myeloid compartment, especially monocytes. However, little is known about the epigenetic alterations that occur in these cells during hyperinflammatory responses in severe COVID-19 patients.

Methods
In this study, we obtained the DNA methylome and transcriptome of peripheral blood monocytes from severe COVID-19 patients. DNA samples extracted from CD14 + CD15- monocytes of 48 severe COVID-19 patients and 11 healthy controls were hybridized on MethylationEPIC BeadChip arrays. In parallel, single-cell transcriptomics of 10 severe COVID-19 patients were generated. CellPhoneDB was used to infer changes in the crosstalk between monocytes and other immune cell types.

Results
We observed DNA methylation changes in CpG sites associated with interferon-related genes and genes associated with antigen presentation, concordant with gene expression changes. These changes significantly overlapped with those occurring in bacterial sepsis, although specific DNA methylation alterations in genes specific to viral infection were also identified. We also found these alterations to comprise some of the DNA methylation changes occurring during myeloid differentiation and under the influence of inflammatory cytokines. A progression of DNA methylation alterations in relation to the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was found to be related to interferon-related genes and T-helper 1 cell cytokine production. CellPhoneDB analysis of the single-cell transcriptomes of other immune cell types suggested the existence of altered crosstalk between monocytes and other cell types like NK cells and regulatory T cells.

Conclusion
Our findings show the occurrence of an epigenetic and transcriptional reprogramming of peripheral blood monocytes, which could be associated with the release of aberrant immature monocytes, increased systemic levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and changes in immune cell crosstalk in these patients.