bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapy dogs, stress-reduction, and well-being within the detachment: Interviews with law-enforcement personnel
Authors: Green Freya L.L. , Binfet John-Tyler 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Despite the increasing popularity of canine-assisted interventions (CAIs) across a variety of contexts, and the demonstrated efficacy they have on stress reduction, there is a paucity of research exploring the implementation of such programs within the context of law enforcement. Policing is known to be an environment in which personnel experience elevated occupational stress. As stress can compromise the overall well-being of law-enforcement personnel and their ability to serve the public, it is important to understand how CAIs involving therapy dog visitation are experienced by the very individuals for whom they are intended to help. This qualitative study explored Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) members’ experiences of stress within a detachment and their perceptions of a CAI integrated within their workplace to support their well-being. Eight RCMP members (75% female, Mage = 49.21,
SD
= 6.12) from an urban RCMP detachment situated in the downtown core of a small city were interviewed. The interview focused on topics including members’ experiences of stress within the workplace, their perceptions of the effects of stress, resources and sources of support, and their experiences participating in a weekly CAI within their detachment. Results indicated that organizational stressors were identified more often than operational stressors; that members most commonly reported that stress rendered them more irritable and impacted their sleep, and that the most commonly reported coping mechanism and resource are exercise and medical services, respectively. In discussing the CAI, participants were overwhelmingly positive in their experiences of the program, and demonstrated support for having CAIs within the detachment setting. Discussion of the impact of the sessions demonstrated that participants found that the program served as a break from work, relieved their stress, improved their mood, and helped them to change perspectives. Participants also identified the role of the dogs within the program, which included their role as a social being. The findings from the current study contribute to better understanding of the lived experiences of stress within RCMP members and of CAIs within an applied setting.
Veterinary professionals’ experiences with human caregivers when providing animal hospice and palliative care
Authors: Hoffmann Heath C. , Dickinson George E. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

A significant role in veterinary medical practices is the provision of end-of-life (EOL) care to pets and their clients. Yet, U.S. veterinarians report being dissatisfied with the level of training they receive on EOL issues in their veterinary medical programs (
Dickinson et al., 2011
). At the same time, the ubiquity of veterinary information on the Internet (e.g., “Dr. Google”) has the potential for instilling pet owners with a false sense of expertise that veterinarians must then negotiate when providing EOL care. In this context, we surveyed 86 veterinary members of the International Association for Animal Hospice and Palliative Care (IAAHPC) to explore whether and/or how veterinary medical information clients obtain from the Internet impacts the veterinarians’ delivery of EOL care to those clients’ pets; we similarly investigate the information that veterinarians prefer their clients knew before meeting with them to provide EOL care. In light of the inherent challenges of EOL veterinary care outlined above, we learn from veterinarians what they feel are the most challenging and rewarding aspects of providing palliative and hospice care. Using qualitative thematic coding, our results show, in sum, that veterinary information from the Internet is both helpful and harmful to veterinarian interactions with clients; veterinarians wished clients understood the value of hospice and palliative care as an EOL care option and that grief is normal; and veterinarians report a most positive aspect of dealing with these issues is the gratitude clients show for helping their pets die peacefully.
A Logic Model of a Dementia-specific Program of Equine-assisted Activities
Authors: Lassell Rebecca , Fields Beth , Busselman Sarah , Hempel Tauren , Wood Wendy 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Insufficient descriptions of
what
comprises animal-assisted interventions and
why
and
how
they are presumed to work pose significant challenges to their replication and further scientific development. The purpose of this study was to construct a comprehensive research-based logic model describing a promising program of equine-assisted activities for older adults with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. Logic models can advance scientific development of innovative programs by elucidating their critical elements. Employing the qualitative method of directed content analysis, we conducted secondary analyses of previously collected interviews of five providers and fieldnotes of each programmatic session. Employing quantitative direct observational methods, we conducted secondary analysis of eight previously collected hour-long videotapes of four older adults with dementia during the program. The resulting logic model from our secondary analysis of mixed methods data elucidated the program’s purpose, assumptions, programmatic activities, and outcomes, plus congruent linkages across these elements. These findings can guide replication of the program in multiple research and practice contexts and support its future scientific development. Next research steps include evaluating short- and long-term outcomes beyond participants’ direct experiences of the program, clarifying the program’s optimal dosages, and ensuring fidelity of its implementation. This logic model may also help to inform scientific development of other animal-assisted interventions.
Human-Animal Co-sleeping Practices among Australian Dog Owners
Authors: Hoffman Christy L. , Hazelton Peta C. , Smith Bradley P. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Human-animal co-sleeping is relatively common among dog owners; however, the nature of this practice is not well understood. Recent investigations have focused on the impact of human-dog co-sleeping on human sleep but have largely ignored the contextual nature of the practice, including with whom, why, and how people share their beds and bedrooms with their dogs. We explored the nature of human-dog co-sleeping among a large population of Australian dog owners (
n =
1136). Nearly half (49%) of participants reported sleeping with their dog in their bed, 20% indicated their dog slept in their bedroom but not in their bed, and 31% reported their dog slept outside their bedroom. The likelihood of bedsharing with one’s dog increased with participant age and bed size and was higher for individuals with small dogs than those with larger dogs. In addition, bedsharing with one’s dog was more common among individuals who did not have a human bed partner. For each unit increase in the MDORS Dog-Owner Interaction scale, the odds of sleeping with one’s dog increased by 1.39, and for each unit increase in the MDORS Emotional Closeness sub-scale, the odds increased by 1.08. For each unit increase in the MCPQ-R Motivation sub-scale, the odds of sleeping with one’s dog increased by 1.21.We found no association between whether the dog slept on the bed and self-reported sleep quality. However, participants whose dog slept somewhere other than their owner’s bed were 1.45 times more likely to report frequently waking up tired. Bedsharing appears unlikely to impact sleep quality negatively in any meaningful way. In fact, in many cases, dog(s) in the bed may facilitate a more restful night’s sleep than when they sleep elsewhere.
Advancing the Science and Practice of Equine-assisted Services through Community-Academic Partnerships
Authors: Fields Beth , Peters B. Caitlin , Merritt Tamara , Meyers Shannon 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Ambiguity of the incorporation of animals in services that promote health and well-being is often due to inadequate sample sizes and imprecise outcome measures necessary to detect differences in research groups. Researchers are recognizing that to transcend these concerns and truly affect population health, they must partner with communities. This paper describes guiding principles of community-academic partnerships using two different types of equine-assisted services as illustrations. These principles and illustrative examples demonstrate how researchers and communities can work together to advance science and practice.
Psychotherapy Incorporating Horses to Address Anxiety in Women College Students: A Pilot Study
Authors: Berg Erika L. , Bach-Gorman Amber R. , Hammer Carolyn J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
An annual 2019 survey of directors of college counseling centers reported that 60.7% of students seeking counseling present with the predominant concern of anxiety. Furthermore, counseling centers across the United States have seen a rise in the number of students requesting services in recent years, frequently resulting in wait lists for students to receive counseling. Group psychotherapy sessions may mitigate wait times; however due to student anxiety and negative stigma surrounding mental health treatment it can often be challenging to attract students to participate in groups compared to individual sessions. This pilot study aimed to investigate the efficacy of group psychotherapy incorporating equines for undergraduate women college students presenting with concerns of anxiety. Implementing the Equine Assisted Growth and Learning Association’s model of psychotherapy, six women participants attended one 90-minute group session per week for 7 weeks on the campus of North Dakota State University. Students completed the Self Compassion Scale (SCS) and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) at weeks 0 and 7 as pre and post measures of the intervention. A significant increase was observed in the common humanity subscale of the SCS; however, no other differences were found in the remaining SCS subscales nor in the DASS subscales. Anecdotally, multiple students expressed that they would not have persisted in coming to group without the horses present. Furthermore, there was markedly improved attendance rates in the psychotherapy incorporating equine group compared to other group therapies at the counseling center. We recommend that future research examine whether psychotherapy integrating both horses and the tenets of self-compassion can help woman college students improve their anxiety management skills and become more resilient.
Comparing the Effect of Human-Dog Interactions and Progressive Muscle Relaxation on Self-Report and Physiological Measures of Stress
Authors: Beasley Nicole L. , Elvers Greg C , Reeb Roger N. , Torok Hannah L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

This study compares the effects of human-dog interactions and progressive muscle relaxation on stress in college students during the week of their final exams using self-report and physiological measures of stress. Students often cope with stress during the final exams period using various strategies such as spending time with a therapy dog. While students often report that their stress is reduced after visiting with a therapy dog, some studies find physiological evidence for a reduction in stress while others do not. During the first day of finals week, students (
N
= 53) in an introductory psychology or a research methods course were randomly assigned to spend 15 minutes with a therapy dog or to spend 15 minutes doing a progressive muscle relaxation task. Heart rate variability, a physiological measure of stress, and two self-report measures of stress (the PSS-10 which is a 10 item questionnaire on the participants’ stress level and the SVAS on which the participants mark a visual scale to indicate their current stress level) were measured both before and after the treatments. Compared to the pre-treatment measures, stress was lower after the treatment. Spending time with a therapy dog can reduce stress associated with final exams. However, the intercorrelations between heart rate variability and the self-report measures were not statistically significant suggesting that the measures might correspond to different dimensions of the stress response, as explained in some theories of stress response and emotion. Future research regarding the effects of therapy dogs on stress should include at least one physiological measure of stress and ideally multiple measures. This inclusion might help clarify the underlying psychological and physiological mechanisms leading to stress reduction.
On the uniqueness of solutions for the basis pursuit in the continuum
Authors: Debarre Thomas , Denoyelle Quentin , Fageot Julien 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper studies the continuous-domain inverse problem of recovering Radon measures on the one-dimensional torus from low-frequency Fourier coefficients, whereKcis the cutoff frequency. Our approach consists in minimizing the total-variation norm among all Radon measures that are consistent with the observations. We call this problem the basis pursuit in the continuum (BPC). We characterize the solution set of (BPC) in terms of uniqueness and describe its sparse solutions which are sums of few signed Dirac masses. The characterization is determined by the spectrum of a Toeplitz and Hermitian-symmetric matrix that solely depends on the observations. More precisely, we prove that (BPC) has a unique solution if and only if this matrix is neither positive definite nor negative definite. If it has both a positive and negative eigenvalue, then the unique solution is the sum of at most 2KcDirac masses, with at least one positive and one negative weight. If this matrix is positive (respectively negative) semi-definite and rank deficient, then the unique solution is composed of a number of Dirac masses equal to the rank of the matrix, all of which have nonnegative (respectively nonpositive) weights. Finally, in cases where (BPC) has multiple solutions, we demonstrate that there are infinitely many solutions composed ofKc+ 1 Dirac masses, with nonnegative (respectively nonpositive) weights if the matrix is positive (respectively negative) definite.
Least-squares method for recovering multiple medium parameters
Authors: Ito Kazufumi , Liang Ying , Zou Jun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We present a two-stage least-squares method for inverse medium problems of reconstructing multiple unknown coefficients simultaneously from noisy data. A direct sampling method is applied to detect the location of the inhomogeneity in the first stage, while a total least-squares method with a mixed regularization is used to recover the medium profile in the second stage. The total least-squares method is designed to minimize the residual of the model equation and the data fitting, along with an appropriate regularization, in an attempt to significantly improve the accuracy of the approximation obtained from the first stage. We shall also present an analysis on the well-posedness and convergence of this algorithm. Numerical experiments are carried out to verify the accuracies and robustness of this novel two-stage least-squares algorithm, with high tolerance of noise in the data.
Description of non-covalent interactions in benzyl chalcocyanate crystals from smoothed Cromer–Mann electron density distribution functions
Authors: Leherte Laurence , Bodart Laurie , Wouters Johan , Vercauteren Daniel P 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A well-known method to characterize non-covalent interactions consists in the topological analysis of electron density distribution (EDD) functions, complemented by the search for minima in the reduced density gradient (RDG) distributions. Here, we characterize intermolecular interactions occurring in crystals of benzyl chalcocyanate compounds through bond critical points (BCP) of the promolecular electron density (ED) built from the crystallographic Cromer–Mann parameters, at several smoothing levels t. The trajectories formed by the t-dependent BCP locations are interpreted in terms of the intermolecular interactions occurring within the crystal arrangements. Chalcogen…nitro BCPs are clearly present in the unsmoothed EDDs but are annihilated as t increases, while chalcogen…chalcogen BCPs appear and are among the only BCPs left at the highest smoothing level. The chalcogen bonds are differentiated from the other chalcogen interactions through the linear chalcogen…BCP…nitro geometry at low smoothing level and their more negative Laplacian values. The annihilation of CPs can be followed by the apparition of a RDG minimum, associated with a very weak interaction. Along the BCP trajectories, the Laplacian shows a progressive concentration of the ED in the intermolecular space within the crystals and adopts the most negative values at the shortest atom…atom separations. At the termination point of a BCP trajectory, the drastic increase of the ellipticity value illustrates the flattening of the EDD.
Topological magnons in one-dimensional ferromagnetic Su–Schrieffer–Heeger model with anisotropic interaction
Authors: Wei Peng-Tao , Ni Jin-Yu , Zheng Xia-Ming , Liu Da-Yong , Zou Liang-Jian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Topological magnons in a one-dimensional (1D) ferromagnetic Su–Schrieffer–Heeger (SSH) model with anisotropic exchange interactions are investigated. Apart from the intercellular isotropic Heisenberg interaction, the intercellular anisotropic exchange interactions, i.e. Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction and pseudo-dipolar interaction, also can induce the emergence of the non-trivial phase with two degenerate in-gap edge states separately localized at the two ends of the 1D chain, while the intracellular interactions instead unfavors the topological phase. The interplay among them has synergistic effects on the topological phase transition, very different from that in the two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnet. These results demonstrate that the 1D magnons possess rich topological phase diagrams distinctly different from the electronic version of the SSH model and even the 2D magnons. Due to the low dimensional structural characteristics of this 1D topological magnonic system, the magnonic crystals can be constructed from bottom to top, which has important potential applications in the design of novel magnonic devices.
Temperature-dependent current transport in quasi-vertical Pt/AlN/Al0.6Ga0.4N heterostructure Schottky barrier diodes with significant improved forward characteristic
Authors: Ran Junxue , Chen Renfeng , He Rui , Ji Xiaoli , Yang Jiankun , Wang Junxi , Li Jinmin , Wei Tongbo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this letter, quasi-vertical Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) based on AlN/Al0.6Ga0.4N heterostructure are fabricated and temperature-dependent current transport is systematically investigated. Benefited from the AlN/Al0.6Ga0.4N heterostructure with high net doping concentration of ∼1 × 1018 cm−3 in Al0.6Ga0.4N, the device demonstrates lower ideality factor of 2.95, high on/off current ratio of ∼108, the on-current of above 40 A cm−2 which is two order magnitude higher than that of the state-of-the-art AlN SBDs. The barrier inhomogeneity is characterized by the model of Gaussian distribution, and the reverse current observed is identified to be traps-related leakage process such as Poole–Frenkel emission and trap assisted tunneling. This work reveals the heterostructure engineering is an alternative pathway to overcome the difficulty of AlN-based SBDs.
The design of a four-wing chaotic system and the application of synchronous control in weak signal detection
Authors: Bai Yulong , Li Xiaofeng , Pan Weishuang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Simple fourth-order autonomous differential equations can exhibit chaotic properties. In this paper, a chaotic system with a four-wing attractor is proposed where the varying number of attractor wings depends not only on the system parameters but also on the initial state of the system. First, the phase diagram, Lyapunov exponential (LE) spectrum, bifurcation diagram, Poincaré section diagram and 0–1 test diagram can verify that the system has more complex dynamic characteristics. Meanwhile, not only is the randomness of the system is verified by complexity analysis, but the multistability of the system, namely, the coexistence attractor, is also simulated. Second, using Multisim to build an analog circuit diagram, the circuit simulation results and numerical simulation results coincide, proving the circuit feasibility of the system. Finally, a suitable controller is designed based on Lyapunov stability theory to realize the synchronization of the drive-response system. On the basis of synchronization, disturbance (measured signal) is added to the response system to transform the signal detection into the synchronization error analysis of the drive-response synchronization system. The frequency of synchronization error is obtained by frequency domain analysis, and the frequency value estimated by the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm. It is found that the proposed chaotic system has more complex dynamics. The method of synchronization control error combined with spectrum estimation can effectively estimate the frequency of weak signal and provide a large detection threshold for weak signal detection.
Four-dimensional Hindmarsh–Rose neuron model with hidden firing multistability based on two memristors
Authors: Yan Shaohui , Zhang Yuyan , Ren Yu , Sun Xi , Wang Ertong , Song Zhenlong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Since memristors can be used to describe electromagnetic induction effects, this paper proposes a novel 4D HindMarsh-Rose (HR) neuron model based on two flux-controlled memristors to show complex dynamics of neuronal electrical activity. It has no equilibrium point, revealing hidden dynamical behaviors. The complex dynamics of the system are illustrated by phase portraits, the time sequences, bifurcation diagrams, and Lyapunov exponents spectra. The presented 4D HR neuron model can produce coexisting multiple hidden firing patterns, for instance, periodic spiking, chaotic spiking, transient chaotic spiking, periodic bursting, chaotic bursting, transient chaotic bursting, stochastic bursting, and transient stochastic bursting. Besides, rich nonlinear dynamics, such as anti-monotonicity and initial offset boosting, are also found. Finally, Multisim circuit simulation is performed and the results are in accordance with numerical simulation.