bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mass Fabrication of WS2 Nanodisks and their Scattering Properties
Authors: Ma Churong , Zhou Fangrong , Huang Pengfei , Li Meng , Zhao Feng , Liu Ying , Du Chun , Li Xiangping , Guan Bai‐ou , Chen Kai 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHigh‐index all‐dielectric resonators have been developed into an important platform for light manipulation at the nanoscale over the past decade. Although they are widely used as 2D materials, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), as an emerging all‐dielectric material, have also been used to fabricate optical nanoantennas that support multipolar Mie resonances. However, their fabrication depends heavily on electron‐beam lithography (EBL) or focused ion beam (FIB), which is expensive and time‐consuming for practical applications. To address this issue, here, a fast low‐cost method is put forward which combines polystyrene (PS) nanospheres with physical vapor deposition by electron‐beam evaporation and magnetron sputtering to fabricate WS2 nanodisks in a mass‐production manner. After annealing, the A‐ and B‐exciton features as well as anapole states are observed in the scattering spectra of WS2 nanodisks. The light scattering anisotropy of individual WS2 nanodisks and spectral tunability of the anapole are studied. In addition, absorption enhancement due to the strong field localization of anapole states in hexagonal WS2 nanodisk arrays is numerically demonstrated. This work manifests that this etching‐free method is promising for fabrication of scalable TMDC nanodisks suitable for practical applications.
Distinctive Photo‐Induced Memory Effect in Heterostructure of 2D Van Der Waals Materials and Lanthanum Aluminate
Authors: Chau Tuan Khanh , Phan Thanh Luan , Park Nahee , Na Junhong , Suh Dongseok 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe role of interface in atomically thin two‐dimensional (2D) van der Waals materials is crucial in their novel optoelectronic properties. This study reports a mixed‐dimensional optoelectronic memory device based on a heterostructure comprising 2D monolayer molybdenum disulfide and bulk lanthanum aluminate. The reversible photo‐induced doping process accompanying persistent photocurrent phenomena is controlled using a gate voltage which is applied across the lanthanum aluminate dielectric substrate under light illumination. The extremely low gate electric field (<2 × 103 V cm−1) and the opposite gate voltage polarity compared with the general photo‐doping cases indicate that the conventional band bending mechanism cannot be applied to this optoelectronic device. This distinctive photo‐induced memory concept is validated in lanthanum aluminate‐based heterostructures with other 2D materials such as graphene and tungsten diselenide. It is postulated that the heterostructure of atomically thin van der Waals materials that are in contact with various functional oxides provides a novel platform for next‐generation optoelectronic devices.
1S1R Optimization for High‐Frequency Inference on Binarized Spiking Neural Networks
Authors: Minguet Lopez Joel , Rafhay Quentin , Dampfhoffer Manon , Reganaz Lucas , Castellani Niccolo , Meli Valentina , Martin Simon , Grenouillet Laurent , Navarro Gabriele , Magis Thomas , Carabasse Catherine , Hirtzlin Tifenn , Vianello Elisa , Deleruyelle Damien , Portal Jean‐Michel , Molas Gabriel , Andrieu François 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSingle memristor crossbar arrays are a very promising approach to reduce the power consumption of deep learning accelerators. In parallel, the emerging bio‐inspired spiking neural networks (SNNs) offer very low power consumption with satisfactory performance on complex artificial intelligence tasks. In such neural networks, synaptic weights can be stored in nonvolatile memories. The latter are massively read during inference, which can lead to device failure. In this context, a 1S1R (1 Selector 1 Resistor) device composed of a HfO2‐based OxRAM memory stacked on a Ge‐Se‐Sb‐N‐based ovonic threshold switch (OTS) back‐end selector is proposed for high‐density binarized SNNs (BSNNs) synaptic weight hardware implementation. An extensive experimental statistical study combined with a novel Monte Carlo model allows to deeply analyze the OTS switching dynamics based on field‐driven stochastic nucleation of conductive dots in the layer. This allows quantifying the occurrence frequency of OTS erratic switching as a function of the applied voltages and 1S1R reading frequency. The associated 1S1R reading error rate is calculated. Focusing on the standard machine learning MNIST image recognition task, BSNN figures of merit (footprint, electrical consumption during inference, frequency of inference, accuracy, and tolerance to errors) are optimized by engineering the network topology, training procedure, and activations sparsity.
A Sub‐Square‐Millimeter Microbattery with Milliampere‐Hour‐Level Footprint Capacity
Authors: Qu Zhe , Zhu Minshen , Yin Yin , Huang Yang , Tang Hongmei , Ge Jin , Li Yang , Karnaushenko Dmitriy D. , Karnaushenko Daniil , Schmidt Oliver G. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAs substantial progress has been made to miniaturize intelligent microsystems to the sub‐square‐millimeter scale, there is a desperate need to move beyond existing microbattery technologies to offer adequate energy at the same footprint. A micro‐origami technology able to wind up a flat layer stack into a Swiss roll presents a promising approach in this regard because it mimics the most successful way to make energy‐dense full‐sized batteries. Here, an on‐chip Swiss‐roll current collector made via the micro‐origami process is developed and it is infused with a MnO2 slurry comprising a zincophilic binder. The zincophilic binder layer enhances zinc ion transportability and suppresses MnO2 dissolution. The MnO2 Swiss‐roll microelectrode is used to create an on‐chip microbattery with a small electrode footprint area of 0.75 mm2, which shows a footprint capacity up to 3.3 mAh cm–2. The microbattery demonstrates a reversible capacity of more than 1 mAh cm–2 for 150 cycles. The battery stability can be improved to over 600 cycles at a 50% depth of discharge. An on‐chip integration of a microsystem with the microbattery is demonstrated. The microbatteries set foot in the untrodden sub‐square‐millimeter area providing adequate energy for ever more miniaturized intelligent microsystems.
Anti‐nonspecific adsorption segments‐assisted self‐driven surface imprinted fibers for efficient protein separation
Authors: Yang Zuoting , Wang Ting , Wang Yabin , Zhang Qiuyu , Zhang Baoliang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAt present, the development of high‐performance protein imprinted materials is still a research hotspot in the field of protein imprinting. Herein, anti‐protein adsorption segment (CBMA)‐assisted self‐driven bovine serum albumin (BSA) surface imprinted fibers MTCFs@SIP@CBMA with high recognition selectivity are pioneered using the strategies of combining magnetic nanomaterial surface imprinting technique with amino‐Michael addition. The special structure of the carrier MTCFs endows MTCFs@SIP@CBMA with magnetic performance and self‐driven adsorption performance, which simplifies the separation process while improving the adsorption capacity and accelerating the adsorption rate. The adsorption capacity for BSA reached 390 ± 20 mg/g within 30 min. The introduction of CBMA segments on the surface after imprinting by amino‐Michael addition makes its polymer chain length and position controllable. Under the strongest anti‐nonspecific adsorption effect, MTCFs@SIP@CBMA exhibit excellent specific identification to BSA from mixed proteins. Additionally, MTCFs@SIP@CBMA show considerable reusability. Therefore, MTCFs@SIP@CBMA are expected to be applied in efficient separation of proteins in biological samples.
Posterior fossa ependymoma in neurodevelopmental syndrome caused by a de novo germline pathogenic POLR2A variant
Authors: Paparella Roberto , Caroleo Anna Maria , Agolini Emanuele , Chillemi Giovanni , Miele Evelina , Pedace Lucia , Rinelli Martina , Pizzi Simone , Boccuto Luigi , Colafati Giovanna Stefania , Lodi Mariachiara , Cacchione Antonella , Carai Andrea , Digilio Maria Cristina , Tomà Paolo , Tartaglia Marco , Mastronuzzi Angela 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEpendymoma is the third most common pediatric brain tumor. Predisposition to develop ependymomas has been reported in different hereditary diseases, but the pathogenic variants related to the familial syndromes have rarely been detected in sporadic ependymomas. De novo variants in POLR2A, the gene encoding the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II, cause a neurodevelopmental disorder with a wide range of clinical manifestations, characterized by severe infantile‐onset hypotonia, developmental delay, feeding difficulties, palatal anomalies, and facial dysmorphisms. As somatic events, POLR2A mutations represent a recurrent somatic lesion in benign meningiomas. Here we describe a case of ependymoma in a 2‐year‐old male with a de novo pathogenic variant in POLR2A predicted to impair proper interaction of the subunit with transcription‐elongation factor TFIIS, whose function is required for back‐tracking of the enzyme due to elongation blocks or nucleotide misincorporation, and expected to result in an increased error and reduced elongation rates. To date, ependymoma has never been reported in patients harboring pathogenic POLR2A variants. Further information is required to explore the possibility of a differential clinical and functional impact of the pathogenic POLR2A variants and the eventual inclusion of the POLR2A neurodevelopmental disorder among the cancer predisposition syndromes with the possible development of ependymomas.
Techno‐economic, environmental, and social measurement of clean energy technology supply chains
Authors: Engel‐Cox Jill A. , Wikoff Hope M. , Reese Samantha B. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn addition to the criteria of reliability and cost, clean energy technologies, such as wind, solar, and batteries, need to strive to a higher standard of environmental and societal benefit along their entire supply chain. This means additional performance metrics for these technologies should be considered, such as embodied energy, embodied carbon, recycled content and recyclability, environmental impact of material sourcing, impact on land and ecosystems, materials recovery at end of life, and production through quality nonexploitive jobs with community benefit. Many commercial and emerging energy technologies have not yet been explicitly evaluated based on these environmental and social performance metrics, which presents multiple opportunities for researchers and analysts. In this paper, we review the importance and current limitations of techno‐economic and life‐cycle assessment models for research design and manufacturing decisions. We explore emerging manufacturing modeling options that could improve environmental and social performance and how they could be used to help guide research. Even with the deployment of low‐carbon energy‐generation technologies, the future of a successful clean energy transition requires collaboration between researchers, advanced manufacturers, independent standards and tracking organizations, local communities, and national governments, to ensure the financial, environmental, and social sustainability of the entire supply and manufacturing process of energy technologies.
Highly Efficient Sky‐Blue π‐Stacked Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitter with Multi‐Stimulus Response Properties
Authors: Yang Sheng‐Yi , Feng Zi‐Qi , Fu Zhiyuan , Zhang Kai , Chen Song , Yu You‐Jun , Zou Bo , Wang Kai , Liao Liang‐Sheng , Jiang Zuo‐Quan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOrganic materials with multi‐stimulus response (MSR) properties have demonstrated many potential and practical applications. Herein, a π‐stacked thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) material with multi‐stimulus response (MSR) properties, namedSDMAC, was designed and synthesized using distorted 9,9‐dimethyl‐10‐phenyl‐9,10‐dihydroacridine as a donor.SDMACpossesses a rigid π‐stacked configuration with intramolecular through‐space interactions and exhibits aggregation‐induced emission enhancement (AIEE), solvatochromic, piezochromic, and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) under different external stimuli. The rigid molecular structure and efficient TADF properties ofSDMACcan be used in displays and lighting. UsingSDMACas an emitter, the maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of the fabricated organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) is as high as 28.4 %, which make them the most efficient CP‐TADF OLEDs based on the through‐space charge transfer strategy. The CP organic light‐emitting diodes (CP‐OLEDs) exhibit circularly polarized electroluminescence (CPEL) signals.
Feasibility of hemp seed oil oleogels structured with natural wax as solid fat replacement in margarine
Authors: Hwang Hong‐Sik , Kim Sanghoon , Winkler‐Moser Jill K. , Lee Suyong , Liu Sean X. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCold‐pressed hempseed oil (HSO) is known to have many health benefits due to many phytochemicals and high polyunsaturated fatty acids content. In this study, HSO oleogels were prepared with 3%, 5%, and 7% natural waxes including sunflower wax (SW), rice bran wax (RBW), beeswax, and candelilla wax to evaluate their potential as solid fat replacements in margarines and spreads. Firmness, cohesiveness, adhesiveness, solid fat content (SFC), crystal structures, and melting properties of these oleogels were evaluated. In general, HSO oleogels except for RBW‐HSO oleogels had lower gel strength and weaker crystal network than the corresponding soybean oil (SBO) oleogels. In contrast, RBW‐HSO oleogels had comparable gel strength to SBO oleogels. After removing polar compounds from HSO, waxes except for RBW provided oleogels with greater firmness, cohesiveness, adhesiveness, and stronger crystal network. Therefore, it was concluded that polar compounds negatively affected the physical properties of wax‐HSO oleogels but not those of RBW‐HSO oleogels. Margarine samples were prepared with SW‐ and RBW‐HSO oleogels, and their firmness, cohesiveness, adhesiveness, and melting properties were examined. The firmness of these margarines indicated that wax‐HSO oleogels may achieve the firmness of commercial spreads with less than 3% wax while the firmness of stick margarines cannot be achieved even with 7% wax. Although the properties of wax‐HSO oleogels should be further improved, they showed potential as solid fat replacements in margarines and spreads.
Template‐assisted synthesis of nitrogen‐doped porous carbon derived from bean dregs for high‐performance supercapacitor
Authors: Shi Bin , Xu Liwen , Zhang Jubing , Meng Junguang , Wang Xinye , Bu Changsheng , Liu Changqi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPorous carbon is the commonly used electrode material for supercapacitor, and its electrochemical performance is affected by the factors such as specific surface area (SSA), pore structure, heteroatomic content, and resistivity. In this paper, bean dregs‐based porous carbon (BDPC) was synthesized with bean dregs as the carbon and nitrogen sources and magnesium citrate as template. The electrochemical properties of BDPC were investigated in 6 M KOH electrolyte. It is found that BDPC presents a well‐developed mesoporous structure and BDPC‐20 owns the highest SSA of 1637 m2/g. The nitrogen content decreases significantly with the heating rate, debilitating the hydrophilicity of BDPC. High heating rate can increase the relative content of graphitic‐N and the degree of graphitization and consequently reduces the resistivity of BDPC enormously. The BDPC‐20 shows the lowest resistivity of 97.2 μΩ·m. The cyclic voltammetry curves of BDPC electrodes exhibit the quasi‐rectangular shape, demonstrating a typical electrical double‐layer capacitor nature of energy storage. According to the galvanostatic charge–discharge measurement, BDPC‐10 possesses the largest specific capacitance of 184.0 F/g.
Preparation of thermally conductive flexible liquid silicone rubber composites by magnetic field‐induced self‐assembly of Fe3O4@C
Authors: Wang Chaoyu , Hao Zhi , Luo Zhu , Yang Le , Zhou Qin , Guo Jiaxing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEfficient heat dissipation is very crucial for the performance, service life, and reliability of modern electronic devices. It is very challenging to improve heat dissipation efficiency through innovative material structure design. Therefore, in the work, dopamine (PDA) is used to coat the surface of graphite (C) with its excellent surface coating modification ability, so that the C surface has oxygen‐containing groups to change its electronegativity, and Fe2+ and Fe3+ in the solution are attracted to the surface of C, and then in situ redox reaction occurs on the surface of C to generate magnetic graphite (Fe3O4@C). Fe3O4@C is uniformly dispersed into liquid silicone rubber (LSR) by solution blending, and Fe3O4@C performs integral directional filling in the LSR under the action of magnetic field (B = 140 mT), thus preparing Fe3O4@C/LSR composites. Through magnetic field orientation, the thermal conductivity of Fe3O4@C/LSR composites reach 1.25 W/m·K when the content of Fe3O4@C is 100 phr, which is 410% higher than that of pure LSR (0.2447 W/m·K). Infrared thermal imaging test shows that Fe3O4@C/LSR composites has good heat dissipation performance, Fe3O4@C/LSR composites have shown great potential in terms of flexibility and high thermal conductivity.
Catalytic pyrolysis of torrefied olive stone for production of potential petrochemical alternatives
Authors: Ganda Elvis Tinashe , Brachi Paola , Urciuolo Massimo , Migliaccio Renata , Coppola Antonio , Scala Fabrizio , Salatino Piero , Ruoppolo Giovanna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBench‐scale fluidized bed fast pyrolysis of as‐received and torrefied residual olive stone (OS) was carried out at 500 °C in the presence or absence of a solid acid catalytic bed. Light to mild torrefaction conditions were investigated, with temperatures of 200, 225, and 250 °C, set in a bench‐scale fluidized bed torrefier. Light torrefaction temperatures (200 and 225 °C) did not yield appreciable differences in the thermogravimetric pyrolysis studies, despite notable changes in mass and energy yield resulting from the influence of temperature difference. The mass and energy yields decreased from 91.1 to 74.0% and from 92.0 to 80.9%, respectively, moving from light to mild torrefaction. The higher heating value (HHV) increased linearly with an increase in torrefaction temperature, reaching a maximum of 22.1 MJ/kg at 250 °C, which was 9.7% greater than the as‐received OS sample. A comparison was made between the influence of light and mild torrefaction on subsequent bench‐scale pyrolysis experiments. In particular, the quality of bio‐liquids for torrefaction coupled to fast pyrolysis shifted signifcantly towards the production of higher phenolic and aromatic derivatives that may find applications as potentaila drop‐in alternative hydrocarbons. © 2022 The Authors. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining published by Society of Industrial Chemistry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Feasibility of aspirin and/or vitamin D3 for men with prostate cancer on active surveillance with Prolaris® testing
Authors: Dinneen Eoin , Shaw Gregory L. , Kealy Roseann , Alexandris Panos , Finnegan Kier , Chu Kimberley , Haidar Nadia , Santos‐Vidal Sara , Kudahetti Sakunthala , Moore Caroline M. , Grey Alistair D. R. , Berney Daniel M. , Sahdev Anju , Cathcart Paul J. , Oliver R. Timothy D. , Rajan Prabhakar , Cuzick Jack ,   for the PROVENT study group
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo test the feasibility of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of aspirin and/or vitamin D3 in active surveillance (AS) low/favourable intermediate risk prostate cancer (PCa) patients with Prolaris® testing.Patients and MethodsNewly‐diagnosed low/favourable intermediate risk PCa patients (PSA ≤ 15 ng/ml, International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) Grade Group ≤2, maximum biopsy core length <10 mm, clinical stage ≤cT2c) were recruited into a multi‐centre randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study (ISRCTN91422391, NCT03103152). Participants were randomised to oral low dose (100 mg), standard dose (300 mg) aspirin or placebo and/or vitamin D3 (4000 IU) versus placebo in a 3 × 2 factorial RCT design with biopsy tissue Prolaris® testing. The primary endpoint was trial acceptance/entry rates. Secondary endpoints included feasibility of Prolaris® testing, 12‐month disease re‐assessment (imaging/biochemical/histological), and 12‐month treatment adherence/safety. Disease progression was defined as any of the following (i) 50% increase in baseline PSA, (ii) new Prostate Imaging‐Reporting and Data System (PI‐RADS) 4/5 lesion(s) on multi‐parametric MRI where no previous lesion, (iii) 33% volume increase in lesion size, or radiological upstaging to ≥T3, (iv) ISUP Grade Group upgrade or (v) 50% increase in maximum cancer core length.ResultsOf 130 eligible patients, 104 (80%) accepted recruitment from seven sites over 12 months, of which 94 patients represented the per protocol population receiving treatment. Prolaris® testing was performed on 76/94 (81%) diagnostic biopsies. Twelve‐month disease progression rate was 43.3%. Assessable 12‐month treatment adherence in non‐progressing patients to aspirin and vitamin D across all treatment arms was 91%. Two drug‐attributable serious adverse events in 1 patient allocated to aspirin were identified. The study was not designed to determine differences between treatment arms.ConclusionRecruitment of AS PCa patients into a multi‐centre multi‐arm placebo‐controlled RCT of minimally‐toxic adjunctive oral drug treatments with molecular biomarker profiling is acceptable and safe. A larger phase III study is needed to determine optimal agents, intervention efficacy, and outcome‐associated biomarkers.
Describing characteristics of adults with and without congenital heart defects hospitalized with COVID‐19
Authors: Diaz Perla , Coughlin Will , Lam Wilson , Ermis Peter , Aguilar David , Ganduglia Cazaban Cecilia M. , Agopian A. J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe sought to describe patient characteristics in adults with and without congenital heart defects (CHDs) during hospitalization for COVID‐19.MethodsWe analyzed data collected by Optum®, a nationally representative database of electronic medical records, for 369 adults with CHDs and 41,578 without CHDs hospitalized for COVID‐19 between January 1, 2020, and December 10, 2020. We used Poisson regression to describe and compare epidemiologic characteristics, heart‐related conditions, and severe outcomes between these two groups.ResultsThe distributions of many epidemiologic characteristics were similar between the two groups, but patients with CHDs were significantly more likely to be current or former smokers compared to patients without CHDs (risk ratio [RR]: 1.5, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2, 1.8). Patients with CHDs were also significantly more likely to have heart failure, stroke, acute arrhythmia, myocardial injury, acute pulmonary hypertension, venous thromboembolism, and obesity documented at the time of the COVID‐19 hospitalization (RR range: 1.5–4.7) but not respiratory failure. Patients with CHDs (7 days) had a significantly longer median length of stay than those without CHDs (5 days; p < .001) and were significantly more likely to have an intensive care unit (ICU) admission (RR: 1.6, 95 CI: 1.2–1.9).ConclusionsOur description of patients among a large population improves our understanding of the clinical course of COVID‐19 among adults with CHDs. Adults with CHD appear to be at greater risk for more severe CHD, including greater risk of ICU admission and longer length of hospital stays.