bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The reuse of Lisbon convent typologies into collective housing
Authors: Silva José Miguel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The present proposal is about the reuse of the built heritage, considering in this embryonic phase the old convents in Lisbon, with the aim of understanding their resilience to be reuse as collective houses. The study is part of a scientific project about the built heritage reuse, particularly focused on the ability of this specific type of buildings to be adapted into new ways of housing, in an inclusive and social way, for example as “nests of [social] houses”. The intention is to make use of the unoccupied urban built heritage as a response to the lack of social housing in the particular context of Lisbon. Methodologically, the study seeks to establish a reconstructive and morphological analysis of old convents, documenting its successive composition stages until our days, especially its resilience to the introduction of a new houses. The study aspires to conceived an instrument that elects the existing city as a historical and model reference to professionals and academics. A systemic inventory of the built heritage on adaptive reuse, hopping to result in a useful tool first for understanding the different existent (re)uses, as well as for the conception of new housing programs.
Efficacy and Safety of Vilazodone treatment for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD): A 3390 patients' meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Authors: Gbreel Mohamed Ibrahim , Al-Kafarna Mohammed , Almaghary Bashar Khaled , Elsnhory Ahmed Bostamy , Sabra Hamdy Khaled , Adwan Mustafa , Abdelgawad Osama Khalid , Elsheikh Fatma , Amer Esraa Abdelhameid , Abdullah Ahmed Mahmoud , Almadhoon Hossam Waleed 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a global health condition related to mental and physical consequences, functional impairment, and medical expenses. A wide range of antidepressant drugs could be prescribed for MDD patients. In this study, we aim to investigate the efficacy and safety of Vilazodone treatment for relieving MDD symptoms upon valid scores. Methods Five databases were searched for literature search and seven included randomized clinical trials were finally meta-analyzed. All data were presented either as a mean difference (MD) in pooling continuous outcomes or risk ratio (RR) in pooling dichotomous outcomes with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results We included 7 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with a total number of 3804 patients; 3390 of them were eligible to be pooled in our analysis. Patients' ages ranged from 13 to 42.4 years. vilazodone was given orally once a day with different doses throughout the included trials ranging from 10 to 40 mg for the duration of 8 to 12 weeks. The results significantly favored vilazodone over the placebo regarding the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) (MD =-4.69, 95% CI: [-6.83, -2.55],P < 0.0001), Clinical Global Impression (CGI) severity (MD=-0.29, 95% CI: [-0.41, -0.17], P < 0.00001), and CGI improvement (MD =-0.36, 95% CI: [-0.44, -0.28],P < 0.00001). The pooled effect size significantly favored Vilazodone in terms of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, somnolence, dry mouth, insomnia, and dizziness compared to controls. Conclusion Vilazodone treatment is an effective, well-tolerated, and safe drug for MDD patients in terms of multiple outcomes.
The association of racism and discrimination in disparities of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: an analysis of PRAMS data
Authors: Lee Kiara , Pellowski Jennifer , Brayboy Lynae , Dunsiger Shira 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are a leading cause of maternal mortality. Racial disparities in maternal mortality in the United States are well-documented, but the role of racism and/or discrimination in affecting one’s risk of developing a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy is not well-studied.
Methods: Data from 17 sites that asked questions regarding experiences with racism and/or discrimination during pregnancy via the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) Phase 8 (2016-2020) from was used. Regression models were used to estimate odds of hypertensive disorder diagnosis in pregnancy using adjusted models controlling for cofounders: biological risk factors, socioeconomic factors, and experiences of racism and/or discrimination.
Results: Among participants with live births (N = 69,751), 14.9% of participants stated they were diagnosed with hypertension during pregnancy with non-Hispanic and Hispanic Black individuals having the highest rates (19.8%). 13.1% of participants experienced racism and 15.6% of participants experienced discrimination. Experiencing racism or discrimination increased one’s odds of having hypertension during pregnancy by 1.14 times (CI: 1.00 - 1.31) and 1.30 times (CI: 1.02 - 1.65), respectively. When experiences with discrimination were included, non-Hispanic and Hispanic Black individuals did not have statistically significantly higher odds of having hypertension during pregnancy compared to non-Hispanic White individuals.
Conclusions: Experiences of racism and/or discrimination drive racial disparities in hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.
Public Health Implications: It is vital to eliminate racist and discriminatory practices in healthcare to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality.
Motivation for learning among medical students and related aspects
Authors: Manfroi Angélica , Kobayasi Renata , Olivo Clarice Rosa , Martins Milton de Arruda , Tempski Patrícia Zen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: intrinsic motivation of medical students results in improvements in learning, technical competence and the doctor-patient relationship.
OBJECTIVES: verify the motivation of medical students and the association with variables related.
METHODS: A transversal study using: visual analogue scale for self-perception of motivation, Academic Motivation Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, State Trait Anxiety Inventory, Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure, Resilience Scale and grade point average.
RESULTS: 627 (55.68%) students, with a mean age of 23 years, being 72.90% female, with a mean of 8.49 ± 1.62 for self-perception of motivation. The intrinsic motivation to know and extrinsic motivation for identified regulation showed higher averages, both being higher in females. Amotivation had the lowest overall averages, being more common in males. Clinical phase and clerkship had higher means for extrinsic motivation by external regulation. Educational environment had moderate association with intrinsic motivations to accomplish things and to experience stimulation. Resilience showed moderate association with the three types of intrinsic motivation, and negative moderate association with amotivation. The practice of religion had higher averages for intrinsic motivations to accomplish things and to experience stimulation. Physical activity showed higher means for extrinsic motivation by external regulation. Students without previous graduation had higher averages for extrinsic motivations to introjected regulation and by external regulation. Practicing extracurricular activities showed higher averages for the three types of intrinsic motivation and for extrinsic motivation by identification. Students who do not work showed higher averages for extrinsic motivations to introjected regulation and to external regulation.
CONCLUSION: Students demonstrated high global motivation to continue their studies, predominance of intrinsic motivation to know, with low rates of amotivation. There was an increase in extrinsic motivation from the third year of the course. It's important to rethink the teaching and learning processes and to invest in strategies that encourage students' autonomy, resulting in an increase in intrinsic motivation.
Genetic relationships among laboratory lines of the egg parasitoid Trissolcus japonicus from native and adventive populations
Authors: Abram Paul K. , Nelson Tyler D. , Marshall Valerie , Gariepy Tara D. , Haye Tim , Zhang Jinping , Hueppelsheuser Tracy , Acheampong Susanna , Moffat Chandra E. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Biological control agents of invasive insect pests are increasingly being found in new geographic regions as a result of unintentional introductions. However, testing the degree of genetic differentiation among adventive and native-range populations of these agents is rarely done. We used reduced-representation sequencing of genomic DNA to investigate the relationships among laboratory lines of Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), an egg parasitoid and biological control agent of the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). We compared sequences from multiple adventive populations in North America (Canada, USA) and Europe (Switzerland) with populations sourced from part of its native range in China. We found considerably more genetic variation among lines sourced from adventive populations than among those within native populations. In the Pacific Northwest of North America (British Columbia, Canada and Washington State, USA), we found preliminary evidence of three distinct genetic clusters, two of which were highly dissimilar from all other lines we genotyped. In contrast, we found that other adventive lines with close geographic proximity (two from Ontario, Canada, three from Switzerland) had limited genetic variation. These findings provide a basis for testing biological differences among lines that will inform their use as biological control agents, and build evidence to support of a hypothesis of several independent introductions of T. japonicus in western North America from different source areas.
Financial Literacy on Millenial Entrepeneurs during Pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Firmialy Sita Deliyana , Hidayat Agus Maolana 
Published: November 2022

As one of the drivers of economic success and societal welfare in Indonesia, financial literacy is a must for young entrepreneurs today. The study attemps to evaluate Millenial entrepreneurs financial literacy and financial well-being conditions while several PPKM (Restrictions on Community Activities) during Pandemic Covid-19 are in effect. Between mid-October 2021 and early January 2022, the survey used 100 young entrepreneurs aged 21-40 in West Java Province, Indonesia as samples. The hypotheses testing results from Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Structural Equation Model (SEM) methods show a consistent association between the main components of financial literacy with the level of financial well-being, with insurance and personal savings and loans becoming the dominant predictor affected financial knowledge, followed with security that serves as main determinant that affected the level of financial attitude of these millenial entrepreneurs. However, this study has limitation as the sample and number of experimental parameters are small.
Expression, Purification and Preliminary Crystallographic Studies of Human Hexokinase I
Authors: Bianchi M. , Sabini E. , Rosano C. , Capasso C. , Rizzi M. , Bolognesi M. , Serafini G. , Bartolucci E. , Magnani M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract:
Human hexokinase type I, one of the four isozymes consisting of a single polypeptide chain of about l 00 kDa, has been cloned in the pET expression plasmid in a truncated form lacking a segment of 11 apolar amino acids at the N-terminus. The protein has been overexpressed in E.coii and purified to homogeneity. Truncated hexokinase I has been crystallized in the presence of glucose 6-phosphate and of the ATP analogue AMP-PNP. The crystals belong to the monoclinic space group P21, with unit cell constants: a= 84.2 A, b =
177.7 A, c = 88.2 A, 13 = 90.8° and diffract to 3.0 A resolution.
Effects of reaction intermediate analogs on the thermal stability of bovine adenosine deaminase
Authors: Britt B. Mark , Cook Edward M. , Patel Bijal S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract:
The effects of inosine, the ground state analog 2-aminopurine riboside, and the transition state analog coformycin on the thermal stability of bovine adenosine deaminase were determined in order to assess the extent to which the different ligand types stabilize enzyme global structure. It is found that only coformycin substantially stabilizes the enzyme. We interpret this as evidence that binding of the reaction transition state is accompanied by a stabilizing enzyme global conformational change. Repercussions in terms of general enzyme catalysis are discussed.
Methods Applied to the Diagnosis of Cattle Trypanosoma vivax Infection:
An Overview of the Current State of the Art
Authors: Ferreira André Vinicius Fernandes , Garcia Guilherme Caetano , de Araújo Fernanda Fortes , Nogueira Laís Moreira , Bittar Joely Ferreira Figueiredo , Bittar Eustáquio Resende , Pandolfi Izabela Andrade , Martins-Filho Olindo Assis , Galdino Alexsandro Sobreira , Silva Araújo Marcio Sobreira 
Published: November 2022

Abstract:
Bovine trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma vivax is a relevant disease in domestic
ungulates in Latin America, causing different types of livestock losses, particularly in African and
South American countries, leading to loss of millions of dollars/year related to dairy and meat production.
In addition, T. vivax trypanosomiasis requires intensive veterinary care. While vector control
is a feasible measure to manage disease spreading, the search for accurate diagnostic tools still represents
a gap in routine veterinary practices and a challenge for the scientific community. The parasite
is mechanically transmitted by fomites or by the saliva of haematophagous flies, such as Stomoxys
sp. and Tabanus sp., infecting cattle as well as a number of animal hosts. The main symptoms of T.
vivax bovine trypanosomiasis are apathy, fever, restricted growth, miscarriage, progressive weakness,
neurological signs, pale mucous, loss of appetite, lethargy, and substantial weight loss. In most
cases, the presence of animals with subclinical infections, nonspecific symptoms and without apparent
parasitaemia presents a challenge when making a diagnosis, which requires accurate methods.
Herein, we review state of the art concerning current methods available for the diagnosis of T. vivax
bovine trypanosomiasis, focusing on clinical, parasitological, immunological and molecular approaches,
highlighting the main features of each method, including “pros and cons”. Overall,
combining several diagnostic techniques is a better choice since it leads to fewer false negative results
and contributes to better disease control.
A Perspective on the Impact of Advanced Glycation End Products in the
Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Husain Arbab , Khanam Afreen , Ahmad Saheem 
Published: November 2022

Abstract:
In 2007, diabetes affected around 244 million people across the globe. The number of diabetics
worldwide is projected to reach 370 million by 2030. With diabetes incidence reaching epidemic
proportions globally, diabetic nephropathy (DN) has emerged as one of the most difficult health conditions.
Although therapeutic approaches such as rigorous blood glucose and blood pressure management
are successful in preventing DN, they are far from ideal, and the number of diabetic patients with endstage
renal disease continues to grow. As a result, a unique treatment approach for DN should be devised.
There is mounting evidence that advanced glycation end products (AGEs), senescent macro protein
derivatives generated at an accelerated pace in DN, contribute to DN by generating oxidative
stress. The purpose of this article is to discuss the pathophysiological significance of AGEs and their
receptor in DN.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Risk Genes and Suppressor
Authors: Ponnusamy Kalaiarasan , Haider Shazia , Kumar Rupesh , Malik Zubbair , Singh Manisha , Rachana R. , Mani Shalini 
Published: November 2022

Abstract:
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that leads to death
by progressive paralysis and respiratory failure within 2-4 years of onset. About 90-95% of ALS cases
are sporadic (sALS), and 5-10% are inherited through family (fALS). Though the mechanisms of the
disease are still poorly understood, so far, approximately 40 genes have been reported as ALS causative
genes. The mutations in some crucial genes, like SOD1, C9ORF72, FUS, and TDP-43, are majorly
associated with ALS, resulting in ROS-associated oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, protein aggregation,
altered RNA processing, axonal and vesicular trafficking dysregulation, and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Recent studies show that dysfunctional cellular pathways get restored as a result of the repair
of a single pathway in ALS. In this review article, our aim is to identify putative targets for therapeutic
development and the importance of a single suppressor to reduce multiple symptoms by focusing on
important mutations and the phenotypic suppressors of dysfunctional cellular pathways in crucial
genes as reported by other studies.
Drug and Gene Therapy for Treating Variant Transthyretin Amyloidosis
(ATTRv) Neuropathy
Authors: Dardiotis Efthimios , Kyriakides Theodoros 
Published: November 2022

Abstract:
Variant Transthyretin Amyloidosis (ATTRv) neuropathy is an adult-onset, autosomal dominant,
lethal, multisystemic disease due to the deposition of mutated transthyretin (TTR) in various organs,
commonly involving the peripheral nerves and the heart. Circulating TTR tetramers are unstable
due to the presence of mutated TTR and dissociate into monomers, which misfold and form amyloid
fibrils. Although there are more than 140 mutations in the TTR gene, the p.Val50Met mutation is by
far the commonest. In the typical, early-onset cases, it presents with a small sensory fibre and autonomic,
length-dependent, axonal neuropathy, while in late-onset cases, it presents with a lengthdependent
sensorimotor axonal neuropathy involving all fibre sizes. Treatment is now available and
includes TTR stabilizers, TTR amyloid removal as well as gene silencing, while gene editing therapies
are on the way. Its timely diagnosis is of paramount importance for a better prognosis.
Role of HLA-DPrs3077 and HLA-DQrs3920 Polymorphisms as Risk
Factors for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Ghazy Amany A. 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic disease caused by destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells. During disease progression, inflammatory insulitis increases the presentation of islet antigens on human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules to T lymphocytes. This complex system plays a pivotal role in the cellular immunity. Thus, genetic variability in HLA can affect the susceptibility to and clinical outcomes of DM

Aims:
This case-control study aimed to assess the role of HLA-DPrs3077 and HLA-DQrs3920 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in T1DM.

Subjects and Methods:
This study enrolled 400 individuals: 200 patients with T1DM and 200 ageand
sex-matched healthy controls. Hemoglobin A1C and random, fasting, and postprandial blood
sugar levels were determined for all subjects. Genotypic and allelic distributions of HLA-DPrs3077
(A/G) and HLA-DQrs3920 (A/G) SNPs were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction
(PCR).

Result:
Frequency of the HLA-DPrs3077A allele was high among the diabetic group (91.3%);
however, the difference was non-significant [OR (95% C.I) = 1.422(0.89-2.252), P=0.098]. The
frequency of the HLA-DQrs3920 GG genotype was higher in control than the diabetic group (52.5%
vs.12%), whereas that of the AA genotype was higher in the person with diabetes than in the control
group (34% vs.4%). Individuals carrying the HLA-DQrs3920A allele were 4.5 times more likely to
have T1DM than those carrying the G allele [OR (95% C.I) = 4.510 (3.338- 6.094), P<0.001*]. The
presence of HLA-DPrs3077A and HLA-DQ rs3920A in the same person increases T1DM risk by
3.6 times that of G allele [OR (95%C.I) = 3.608(2.173-5.991), P<0.001*].

Conclusion:
HLA-DPrs3077A and HLA-DQrs3920A may be alleles susceptible to T1DM, particularly if they coexist.
Review of Modified Oral Solid Drug Delivery System and Recent Active
Patents
Authors: Gaikwad Sachin S. , Ainor Shrikant K. , Lande Narayan B. , Salunkhe Kishor S. 
Published: November 2022

Background:
A tablet is a solid dosage form containing active pharmaceutical ingredients
(API) and various excipients. Different procedures, such as direct compression of powder
mixtures, and dry and wet granulation technologies, are used to create distinct types of tablets.
Tablet development is aided by technological advancements in the form of modified-release
tablets.

Objective:
The modified release dosage form can be manufactured to obtain a specific pharmaceutical
profile, the specific site of action and reduce the number of dose administrations using a variety
of coating technologies. For modified released drug delivery, various sorts of patents are explored.
The review's primary goal is to provide information on modified release formulations, formulation
methodologies, current active patents based on modified release, and tablet coating technologies.

Conclusion:
The tablet is a common and convenient pharmaceutical dosage form. Recently, modified
release drug administration has largely supplanted traditional tablet drug delivery technologies.
The chrono pharmaceutical drug delivery can also involve modified drug delivery. Modified
release tablets are used to boost the therapeutic impact of medicine by targeting the location of action
on the illness condition. Modified-release tablets are very handy, easy to create, cost-effective,
and do not require high-cost equipment, and they are gaining in popularity these days. Patents for
modified-release tablet dosage formulations that are currently active were also discussed.