bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of antimicrobial agents on the processing and performance properties of rubber material formulations with no cytotoxicity
Authors: El Nashar Doaa E. , Helaly Fahima M. , Khalaf Aman I. , Rozik Nehad N. , Kandil Heba , Koriem Adel A. , Ellaban Ayman M. , Abd El‐Moez Sherein I. , Soliman Abdelmohsen M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe present work aims to develop antimicrobial rubber for safe industrial toys. For this purpose, natural rubber (NR) and synthetic rubber as styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) were examined. Rubber and their ingredients as well as antimicrobial agents (doxycycline and cephalexin) were mixed in a rubber mixer. The rheological properties of compounded rubber were studied, and the curing time was determined. Mechanical properties and cytotoxicity were evaluated at optimally cured rubber compounds. Scanning electron micrographs of vulcanizates showed good dispersion of ingredients throughout the investigated matrices. Rheology study for the investigated vulcanizates in presence of tested antimicrobial species exhibited no significant change in their flow behaviors. It is significant to remember that the desired physical characteristics of rubber products, including their chemical and mechanical characteristics (elongation at break and tensile strength) enhanced when doxycycline and cephalexin are present, depending on their nature and concentration. Similar results were obtained for both the SBR and EPDM rubber vulcanizates. The cytotoxicity of the prepared vulcanizates towards human normal retina cell line (RPI‐1) indicated good safety of these rubber products. Furthermore, developed rubber vulcanizates showed good antimicrobial efficacy towards the test bacteria and fungi strains.”
Modellierung narrativer Raumindikatoren
Authors: Schumacher Mareike K. 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel wird ein theoriebasiertes, als fuzzy-set nachnutzbares Modell narrativer Raumdarstellung vorgestellt. Die Grundlagen des Modells und des darin eingefassten Kategoriensystems sind einerseits literaturwissenschaftliche und andererseits phänomenologische Betrachtungen des Raumes. Vier Parameter narrativer Raumdarstellung finden hier besondere Berücksichtigung: Das Begriffsverständnis von „Raum“ als narratologischer Kategorie, die Betrachtung von Raum als literarisches Motiv, Raum als Strukturphänomen von Texten und Raum als Konstruktion zwischen Text und Leser*in. Aus phänomenologischer Perspektive wird vor allem eine wissenschaftshistorische Begriffsentwicklung von „Raum“ nachgezeichnet. Vom frühen Verständnis eines objektiven Raumes über den relationalen Raumbegriff bis hin zum sozialen und kulturellen Raum werden die phänomenologischen Aspekte daraufhin untersucht, ob sie zur Operationalisierung literarischer Raumdarstellungen im Rahmen des fuzzy-set-Modells beitragen können.
Vermessung narrativer Raumdarstellung
Authors: Schumacher Mareike K. 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungUm Raumdarstellungen in narrativen Texten vermessen zu können, müssen (mindestens) zwei Größen definiert sein: Raumdarstellung und das Narrativ bzw. der Erzähltext, in dem sie vermessen werden soll. In diesem Kapitel werden die definitorischen Grundlagen für ein Verständnis von Erzähltexten gelegt, das auf die Untersuchung von Indikatoren der Raumdarstellung zugespitzt ist. Nachdem im ersten Teilkapitel eine Arbeitsdefinition von Erzählungen aufgestellt wurde, wird im zweiten Teilkapitel festgelegt, was unter Raumdarstellung in Narrativen verstanden wird.
Annotationsguidelines
Authors: Schumacher Mareike K. 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Abschnitt werden Annotationsguidelines für die sechs Kategorien von Indikatoren narrativen Raumes und Raummetaphern vorgestellt. Jede Kategorie wird aus den vorherigen Betrachtungen hergeleitet, definiert und mit Beispielen illustriert. Das Kategoriensystem für Indikatoren narrativen Raumes ist dynamisch anpassbar und kann flexibel nachgenutzt werden.
Maschinelles Erlernen der narrativen Raumindikatoren
Authors: Schumacher Mareike K. 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel werden Vorarbeiten, Trainingsprozess und Bewertung eines Machine-Lerning-Classifiers dokumentiert, der Indikatoren für narrative Räume erkennt und klassifiziert. Der Trainingsprozess umfasst insgesamt fünf Iterationen. Von der ersten Probeannotation über Ausweitungen des Trainingskorpus, Konsistenzerhöhung, Guideline-Erstellung und Berechnung eines Inter-Annotator-Agreements für die Kategorien narrativen Raumes wird der Prozess nachvollziehbar dargestellt. Trainings-, Test- und Bewertungsdaten werden ergänzend zur Prüfung und Nachnutzung bereitgestellt.
Gene expression profiling in NOD mice reveals that B cells are highly educated by the pancreatic environment during autoimmune diabetes
Authors: Boldison Joanne , Hopkinson Jessica R. , Davies Joanne , Pearson James A. , Leete Pia , Richardson Sarah , Morgan Noel G. , Wong F. Susan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
B cells play an important role in driving the development of type 1 diabetes; however, it remains unclear how they contribute to local beta cell destruction during disease progression. Here, we use gene expression profiling of B cell subsets identified in inflamed pancreatic tissue to explore their primary functional role during the progression of autoimmune diabetes.

Methods
Transcriptional profiling was performed on FACS-sorted B cell subsets isolated from pancreatic islets and the pancreatic lymph nodes of NOD mice.

Results
B cells are highly modified by the inflamed pancreatic tissue and can be distinguished by their transcriptional profile from those in the lymph nodes. We identified both a discrete and a core shared gene expression profile in islet CD19+CD138– and CD19+CD138+ B cell subsets, the latter of which is known to have enriched autoreactivity during diabetes development. On localisation to pancreatic islets, compared with CD138– B cells, CD138+ B cells overexpress genes associated with adhesion molecules and growth factors. Their shared signature consists of gene expression changes related to the differentiation of antibody-secreting cells and gene regulatory networks associated with IFN signalling pathways, proinflammatory cytokines and Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation. Finally, abundant TLR7 expression was detected in islet B cells and was enhanced specifically in CD138+ B cells.

Conclusions/interpretation
Our study provides a detailed transcriptional analysis of islet B cells. Specific gene signatures and interaction networks have been identified that point towards a functional role for B cells in driving autoimmune diabetes.

Graphical abstract
Lattice packings through division algebras
Authors: Gargava Nihar Prakash 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this text, we will show the existence of lattice packings in a family of dimensions by employing division algebras. This construction is a generalization of Venkatesh’s lattice packing result Venkatesh (Int Math Res Notices 2013(7): 1628–1642, 2013). In our construction, we replace the appearance of the cyclotomic number field with a division algebra over the rational field. We employ a probabilistic argument to show the existence of lattices in certain dimensions with good packing densities. The approach improves the best known lower bounds on the lattice packing problem for certain dimensions.We work with a moduli space of lattices that are invariant under the action of a finite group, one that can be embedded inside a division algebra. To obtain our existence result, we prove a division algebra variant of the Siegel’s mean value theorem. In order to establish this, we describe a useful description of the Haar measure on our moduli space and a coarse fundamental domain to perform the integration.
Low population genetic structure is consistent with high habitat connectivity in a commercially important fish species (Lutjanus jocu)
Authors: Tovar Verba Julia , Stow Adam , Bein Bernhard , Pennino Maria Grazia , Lopes Priscila F. M. , Ferreira Beatrice P. , Mortier Meghana , Maia Queiroz Lima Sergio , Pereira Ricardo J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe level of habitat availability influences genetic divergence among populations and the genetic diversity within populations. In the marine environment, near-shore species are among the most sensitive to habitat changes. Knowledge of how historical environmental change affected habitat availability and genetic variation can be applied to the development of proactive management strategies of exploited species. Here, we modeled the contemporary and historical distribution ofLutjanus jocuin Brazil. We describe patterns of genomic diversity to better understand how climatic cycles might correlate with the species demographic history and current genetic structure. We show that during the Last Glacial Maximum, there were ecological barriers that are absent today, possibly dividing the range of the species into three geographically separated areas of suitable habitat. Consistent with a historical reduction in habitat area, our analysis of demographic changes shows thatL. jocuexperienced a severe bottleneck followed by a population size expansion. We also found an absence of genetic structure and similar levels of genetic diversity throughout the sampled range of the species. Collectively, our results suggest that habitat availability changes have not obviously influenced contemporary levels of genetic divergence between populations. However, our demographic analyses suggest that the high sensitivity of this species to environmental change should be taken into consideration for management strategies. Furthermore, the general low levels of genetic structure and inference of high gene flow suggest thatL. joculikely constitutes a single stock in Brazilian waters and, therefore, requires coordinated legislation and management across its distribution.
Patient involvement in pharmacovigilance: determinants and evolution of reporting from 2011 to 2020 in France
Authors: Adopo D. , Daynes P. , Benkebil M. , Debs A. , Jonville-Berra AP. , Polard E. , Micallef J. , Maison P. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Because patients and patient organizations want to strengthen their role in the care pathway and drug evaluation and in order to improve pharmacovigilance activities, European competent authorities implemented regulations to allow direct reporting of adverse drug reactions related to medicinal products by patients in 2012.

Objectives
To describe evolution and analyze determinants of patient reporting activity in France in order to assess patient involvement in pharmacovigilance.

Method
Using the French national pharmacovigilance database, univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to compare the characteristics of adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports from patients and healthcare professionals (HCP) between 2011 and 2020. The relationship between regional patient ADR report activity and regional care provision and socio-professional characteristics was analyzed using the principal component analysis.

Results
A significant and higher increase in ADR reports over time from patients (r = 0.89, p < 0.001) compared to HCP (r = 0.27, p = 0.002) has been observed. Patient ADR report activities compared to HCP concerned more women (80% vs. 55%, p < 0.001), younger age classes (p < 0.001), reporting through web portal (83% vs. 17%, p < 0.001), and less serious events (26% vs. 63%, p < 0.001). In the principal component analysis, regional patient reporting activity was related to socio-professional categories, age classes, and densities of hospital beds and physicians.

Conclusion
Our results confirm an increasing involvement of patients in ADR report activities. The determinants of patient reporting activities are not only related to drug and medical factors but also to social factors. Digital tools may also play a role in health democracy in pharmacovigilance.
[18F]Fluoride PET provides distinct information on disease activity in ankylosing spondylitis as compared to MRI and conventional radiography
Authors: de Jongh Jerney , Verweij Nicki J. F. , Yaqub Maqsood , van Denderen Christiaan J. , van der Horst-Bruinsma Irene E. , Bot Joost C. J. , Boden Bouke J. H. , Hemke Robert , Smithuis Frank F. , Lems Willem F. , Lammertsma Adriaan A. , Voskuyl Alexandre E. , Boers Maarten , Zwezerijnen Gerben J. C. , van der Laken Conny J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To relate [18F]fluoride uptake on PET with abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and conventional radiography (CR) in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients.

Methods
Ten clinically active AS patients (female 6/10, age 38 ± 11 years) were included, and both spine and SI-joints were examined. PET scans were dichotomously scored for enhanced [18F]fluoride uptake, MRI scans were scored for fatty lesions, erosions, ankylosis, and bone marrow edema (BME), and CR was scored for erosions, syndesmophytes, and ankylosis. The overlap of lesions across all modalities was evaluated through univariate and multivariate analyses using a generalized mixed model.

Results
In the spine, 69 lesions with enhanced [18F]fluoride uptake, 257 MRI lesions, and 88 CR lesions were observed. PET lesions were mostly located in costovertebral and facet joints, outside the field of view (FOV) of the MRI and CR. However, PET lesions inside the FOV of MRI and CR partially showed no abnormality on MRI and CR. In lesions with abnormalities on multiple modalities, both univariate and multivariate analysis showed that PET activity had the strongest association with BME on MRI and ankylosis on CR. In the SI joints, 15 lesions (75%) with PET uptake were found, with 87% showing abnormalities on MRI and CR.

Conclusion
[18F]fluoride PET lesions are often found outside the scope of MRI and CR, and even in the same location show only partial overlap with abnormalities on MRI (especially BME) and CR (especially ankylosis). This suggests that [18F]fluoride PET partially visualizes aspects of AS separate from MRI and CR, providing novel information.

Clinical trial registration
NL43223.029.13 registered at 02-05-2013. https://www.toetsingonline.nl/to/ccmo_search.nsf/fABRpop?readform&unids=C1257BA2002CC066C1257B4E0049A65A
Analysis of brain and spinal MRI measures in a common domain to investigate directional neurodegeneration in motor neuron disease
Authors: Toh C. , Keslake A. , Payne T. , Onwuegbuzie A. , Harding J. , Baster K. , Hoggard N. , Shaw P. J. , Wilkinson I. D. , Jenkins T. M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and cervical spinal cord is often performed in diagnostic evaluation of suspected motor neuron disease/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (MND/ALS). Analysis of MRI-derived tissue damage metrics in a common domain facilitates group-level inferences on pathophysiology. This approach was applied to address competing hypotheses of directionality of neurodegeneration, whether anterograde, cranio-caudal dying-forward from precentral gyrus or retrograde, dying-back.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, MRI was performed on 75 MND patients and 13 healthy controls. Precentral gyral thickness was estimated from volumetric T1-weighted images using FreeSurfer, corticospinal tract fractional anisotropy (FA) from diffusion tensor imaging using FSL, and cross-sectional cervical cord area between C1-C8 levels using Spinal Cord Toolbox. To analyse these multimodal data within a common domain, individual parameter estimates representing tissue damage at each corticospinal tract level were first converted to z-scores, referenced to healthy control norms. Mixed-effects linear regression models were then fitted to these z-scores, with gradients hypothesised to represent directionality of neurodegeneration.

Results
At group-level, z-scores did not differ significantly between precentral gyral and intracranial corticospinal tract tissue damage estimates (regression coefficient − 0.24, [95% CI − 0.62, 0.14], p = 0.222), but step-changes were evident between intracranial corticospinal tract and C1 (1.14, [95% CI 0.74, 1.53], p < 0.001), and between C5 and C6 cord levels (0.98, [95% CI 0.58, 1.38], p < 0.001).

Discussion
Analysis of brain and cervical spinal MRI data in a common domain enabled investigation of pathophysiological hypotheses in vivo. A cranio-caudal step-change in MND patients was observed, and requires further investigation in larger cohorts.
Unterstützung der Opioidrotation mithilfe von Online-Apps
Authors: Wandrey Jan D. , Behnel Niklas , Tafelski Sascha 
Published: December 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Aufgrund von Arzneimittelnebenwirkungen, Medikamenteninteraktionen oder wegen inadäquater Wirkung bei der Behandlung mit Opioiden kann eine Opioidrotation indiziert sein. Zur Bestimmung der oralen Morphinäquivalenz ist mit der Leitlinie „Langzeitanwendung von Opioiden bei chronischen nicht-tumorbedingten Schmerzen (LONTS)“ ein Praxiswerkzeug veröffentlicht. Dem gegenüber stehen mehrere Apps, die bislang nicht bewertet wurden.

Material und Methoden
Mittels Google Play Store®, iOS App Store® und der Suchmaschine Google® wurden Apps zur Opioidkonversion gesucht. Deutsch- und englischsprachige Apps mit Kalkulatorfunktion wurden eingeschlossen. Mit den Apps wurden 16 Testfälle aus der klinischen Praxis kalkuliert und die Abweichung von der Empfehlung der LONTS-Leitlinie berechnet.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt wurden 17 Apps identifiziert. Elf benannten die Herkunft des Algorithmus, 3 davon benannten Literaturquellen. Keine App wies ein Qualitätssiegel auf, zudem ließen sich mit keiner App sämtliche Fälle lösen. Es wurden Abweichungen der resultierenden oralen Morphinäquivalente um +179 % von der leitliniengerechten Umrechnung identifiziert. Vier Apps warnten vor Überdosierungen.

Schlussfolgerung
Obwohl die Apps die Umrechnung zwischen Opioiden vereinfachen, besteht eine hohe Varianz der Umrechnungsfaktoren und teils eine große Abweichung von evidenzbasierten Tabellen. Insgesamt besteht ein hohes Risiko von Opioidfehldosierungen.
Fabrication process for FEP piezoelectrets based on photolithographically structured thermoforming templates
Authors: Flachs D. , Emmerich F. , Thielemann C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPiezoelectrets fabricated from fluoroethylenepropylene (FEP)-foils have shown drastic increase of their piezoelectric properties during the last decade. This led to the development of FEP-based energy harvesters, which are about to evolve into a technology with a power-generation-capacity of milliwatt per square-centimeter at their resonance frequency. Recent studies focus on piezoelectrets with solely negative charges, as they have a better charge stability and a better suitability for implementation in rising technologies, like the internet of things (IOT) or portable electronics. With these developments heading towards applications of piezoelectrets in the near future, there is an urgent need to also address the fabrication process in terms of scalability, reproducibility and miniaturization. In this study, we firstly present a comprehensive review of the literature for a deep insight into the research that has been done in the field of FEP-based piezoelectrets. For the first time, we propose the employment of microsystem-technology and present a process for the fabrication of thermoformed FEP piezoelectrets based on thermoforming SU-8 templates. Following this process, unipolar piezoelectrets were fabricated with air void dimensions in the range of 300–1000 $$\upmu \text {m}$$

μ
m

in width and approx. 90 $$\upmu \text {m}$$

μ
m

in height. For samples with a void size of 1000 $$\upmu \text {m}$$

μ
m

, a $$d_{33}$$

d
33

-coefficient up to 26,508 pC/N has been achieved, depending on the applied seismic mass. Finally, the properties as energy harvester were characterized. At the best, an electrical power output of 0.51 mW was achieved for an acceleration of 1 $$\times$$
×
g with a seismic mass of 101 g. Such piezoelectrets with highly defined dimensions show good energy output in relation to volume, with high potential for widespread applications.
Professionals’ adaptive expertise and adaptive performance in educational and workplace settings: an overview of reviews
Authors: Pelgrim Els , Hissink Elske , Bus Lotte , van der Schaaf Marieke , Nieuwenhuis Loek , van Tartwijk Jan , Kuijer-Siebelink Wietske 
Published: December 2022

AbstractProfessionals will increasingly be confronted with new insights and changes. This raises questions as to what kind of expertise professionals need, and how development of this expertise can be influenced within the contexts of both education and work. The terms adaptive expertise and adaptive performance are well-known concepts in the domains of education and Human Resource Development respectively. The literature, however, lacks a conceptual overview. Our research seeks to provide an overview on how adaptive expertise and adaptive performance are conceptualized. In addition we looked for what individual, task and organizational characteristics relate to adaptive expertise. We mined information drawn from existing reviews in an overview of reviews. Nine reviews met the inclusion criteria. Adaptive performance is best referred to as the visible expression of an adaptive expert and this is triggered by ‘change’. The scope of this ‘change’ lies somewhere between change that is ‘new for the learner’ and change that is ‘new for everyone in the whole world’. The extent to and way in which a learner or professional is able to deal with this change depends on the maturity of the learner or professional. We found numerous individual, task and environmental characteristics related to adaptive expertise and adaptive performance. The nature and relation of these characteristics, and their specificity in relation to adaptive expertise and adaptive performance are visualized in a figure, but also provide several suggestions for future research.
Distinctiveness of Reactive and Proactive Aggression from a Variable- and Person-based Approach in Juvenile Offenders and Community Youth
Authors: Maneiro Lorena , Argudo Aarón , Gómez-Fraguela Xosé Antón 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe goal of this study was to examine the distinctiveness of reactive aggression (RA) and proactive aggression (PA) from a variable- and person-based approach, their psychosocial correlates and behavioral outcomes, and analyze their replicability across two samples of adolescents. The forensic sample was composed of 231 juvenile offenders and the community sample included 321 youth. At a variable-based level, the results of the factor analysis supported the original two-factor model of aggression, and RA and PA showed differential associations with a set of psychosocial correlates and behavioral outcomes. At a person-based level, three subgroups were identified, namely low aggression, moderate RA, and mixed aggression. The mixed aggression group showed the most severe profile in both samples. These results support the distinctiveness of RA and PA at a variable-based level but lead to consider PA as a severity marker rather than a distinct subgroup at a person-based level.