bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Broad‐scale eDNA sampling for describing aquatic species distributions in running waters: Pacific lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus in the upper Snake River, USA
Authors: Young Michael K. , Isaak Daniel J. , Nagel David , Horan Dona L. , Carim Kellie J. , Franklin Thomas W. , Zeller Victoria A. , Roper Brett , Schwartz Michael K. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOne of the most fundamental yet challenging tasks for aquatic ecologists is to precisely delineate the range of species, particularly those that are broadly distributed, require specialized sampling methods, and may be simultaneously declining and increasing in different portions of their range. An exemplar is the Pacific lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus, a jawless anadromous fish of conservation concern that is actively managed in many coastal basins in western North America. To efficiently determine its distribution across the accessible 56,168 km of the upper Snake River basin in the north‐western United States, we first delimited potential habitat by using predictions from a species distribution model based on conventionally collected historical data and from the distribution of a potential surrogate, Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, which yielded a potential habitat network of 10,615 km. Within this area, we conducted a two‐stage environmental DNA survey involving 394 new samples and 187 archived samples collected by professional biologists and citizen scientists using a single, standardized method from 2015 to 2021. We estimated that Pacific lamprey occupied 1875 km of lotic habitat in this basin, of which 1444 km may have been influenced by recent translocation efforts. Pacific lamprey DNA was consistently present throughout most river main stems, although detections became weaker or less frequent in the largest and warmest downstream channels and near their headwater extent. Pacific lamprey were detected in nearly all stocked tributaries, but there was no evidence of indigenous populations in such habitats. There was evidence of post‐stocking movement because detections were 1.8–36.0 km upstream from release sites. By crafting a model‐driven spatial sampling template and executing an eDNA‐based sampling campaign led by professionals and volunteers, supplemented by previously collected samples, we established a benchmark for understanding the current range of Pacific lamprey across a large portion of its range in the interior Columbia River basin. This approach could be tailored to refine range estimates for other wide‐ranging aquatic species of conservation concern.
COP1 SUPPRESSOR 6 represses the PIF4 and PIF5 action to promote light‐inhibited hypocotyl growth
Authors: Lan Hongxia , Heng Yueqin , Li Jian , Zhang Mengdi , Bian Yeting , Chu Li , Jiang Yan , Wang Xuncheng , Xu Dongqing , Deng Xing Wang 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTLight signaling precisely controls photomorphogenic development in plants. PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 and 5 (PIF4 and PIF5) play critical roles in the regulation of this developmental process. In this study, we report CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 SUPPRESSOR 6 (CSU6) functions as a key regulator of light signaling. Loss of CSU6 function largely rescues the cop1‐6 constitutively photomorphogenic phenotype. CSU6 promotes hypocotyl growth in the dark, but inhibits hypocotyl elongation in the light. CSU6 not only associates with the promoter regions of PIF4 and PIF5 to inhibit their expression in the morning, but also directly interacts with both PIF4 and PIF5 to repress their transcriptional activation activity. CSU6 negatively controls a group of PIF4‐ and PIF5‐regulated gene expressions. Mutations in PIF4 and/or PIF5 are epistatic to the loss of CSU6, suggesting that CSU6 acts upstream of PIF4 and PIF5. Taken together, CSU6 promotes light‐inhibited hypocotyl elongation by negatively regulating PIF4 and PIF5 transcription and biochemical activity.
The role of latency reversal in HIV cure strategies
Authors: Tanaka Kiho , Kim Youry , Roche Michael , Lewin Sharon R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOne strategy to eliminate latently infected cells that persist in people with HIV on antiretroviral therapy is to activate virus transcription and virus production to induce virus or immune‐mediated cell death. This is called latency reversal. Despite clear activity of multiple latency reversal agents in vitro, clinical trials of latency‐reversing agents have not shown significant reduction in latently infected cells. We review new insights into the biology of HIV latency and discuss novel approaches to enhance the efficacy of latency reversal agents.
The effect of brief mindfulness‐based intervention on patient satisfaction and loyalty after waiting
Authors: Campos Sousa Ellen , Freire Luciana 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper offers a novel, easy to execute, mindfulness‐based solution to the waiting time problem at healthcare facilities in particular, with the potential to enhance consumers' experience within a waiting time scenario. Findings of four studies—one in‐class experiment with undergraduates, one field study among adults in a doctor's office, one online experiment in the US, and one online experiment in Brazil—revealed that variations on a 5‐min mindfulness‐based intervention led to more positive perceptions and greater loyalty intentions towards the service. The findings confirm that offering mindfulness interventions to consumers while they are waiting may help reduce dissatisfaction and other negative outcomes that longer than expected waiting times might evoke.
Dynamic ultrasound evaluation of body fillers and biostimulators in the buttocks of fresh‐frozen specimen
Authors: Sigrist Rosa M. , de Noronha Maria Gabriela Ortiz , Borelli Shirley Schnaider , Teixeira Solange Pistori , Funes Hamilton Luiz Xavier , Lourenço Luciana M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundUltrasound imaging is a useful tool to study the injection of fillers and biostimulators in the body.ObjectiveSonographically evaluate real‐time injections of fillers and biostimulators and describe their behavior in the subcutaneous tissue of the buttocks of fresh‐frozen specimen.Methodsinjection of two brands of high‐density hyaluronic acid (HA), one brand of calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA), one brand of hybrid injectable (CaHa + HA), one brand of polycaprolactone (PCL) and three brands of poly‐l‐lactic acid (PLLA) were performed in the subcutaneous tissue of the gluteal region under ultrasonography visualization on a fresh‐frozen specimen. Videos during injection and static images immediately after injection were obtained. The sonographic aspects of the substances and their dispersion and interaction with the surrounding tissues were described.ResultsReal‐time ultrasound showed different dispersion patterns of the two brands of HA, CaHA, hybrid injectable (CaHa + HA) and the three brands of PLLA. The sonographic aspects among the brands of PLLA were also different.ConclusionsThe dynamic ultrasound evaluation of the injection of HA, CaHA, hybrid injectable (CaHa + HA), PCL and PLLA in a fresh‐frozen specimen shed some light on their aspects and dispersion pattern in the buttock. If these patterns are confirmed in further studies in vivo, there will be a positive impact on the selection and development of safer and more effective techniques to enhance buttock contour.
Experiences of unexplained chest pain and physical activity: A Meta‐Ethnography
Authors: Røysland Ingrid Ølfarnes , Patel Harshida 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesThe aim was to examine the experiences of physical activity in the patients with unexplained chest pain.BackgroundPrevious qualitative studies have compiled data on the physical activity experiences of people with unexplained chest pain. Nevertheless, no meta‐synthesis exists on this topic to advance the theoretical development of future‐related studies.DesignA meta‐ethnographic synthesis of qualitative studies was conducted. Original qualitative studies on the physical activity experiences of people with unexplained chest pain were identified and systematically synthesised using a meta‐ethnographic approach.MethodsSeven databases were searched for relevant full‐text articles in English, Danish, Norwegian and Swedish. There were no limitations concerning year of publication. Articles were first screened against inclusion criteria for eligibility and then assessed for quality and analysed using Noblit and Hare's seven‐step meta‐ethnography process. The ENTREQ checklist for systematic reviews was used.ResultsNine qualitative studies were included in the analysis. The physical activity experiences of people with unexplained chest pain illuminates the metaphor: “Physical activity means balancing uncertainty” with four themes: looking for possible explanations, feeling vulnerable, feeling uncertain of consequences and being physically active may mean becoming more capable.ConclusionFor people with unexplained chest pain, being physically active meant moving toward being more capable. The participants felt vulnerable and physical activity helped in balancing uncertainty. A comprehensive model illustrates the antecedents and succedent for the physical activity experiences of individuals with unexplained chest pains.Relevance to clinical practiceAn approach to care which considers the patient's experience might be applicable; however, it needs to be accompanied with a biomedical perspective. Nurses and other health professionals need to provide a bridge between the patient's experiences and health professionals' advice and recommendations.
Current Practices, Willingness and Perceived Ability to Implement an Injury Prevention Exercise Program Among Post‐Primary Physical Education Teachers
Authors: Devereux Frank , Whyte Enda , Issartel Johann , Belton Sarahjane , O'Connor Siobhan 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundMusculoskeletal injuries are common in adolescents, and recently schools have been suggested as an opportune location for injury prevention strategies. This study aimed to identify the current practices and perceptions of post‐primary PE teachers in Ireland on injury prevention exercise programs (IPEP), which are key to informing potential implementation strategies.MethodsPost‐primary PE teachers (n = 287) completed an online anonymous survey. Outcome measures included current IPEP practices in PE class, teachers' attitudes toward IPEPs, willingness to implement, and perceived ability to implement an IPEP in PE class. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and Mann‐WhitneyUtests were used to compare differences between groups.ResultsResults indicated that only 1 in 5 PE teachers currently used an IPEP in class. Of these, no teacher used an existing IPEP exactly as intended, while most teachers were willing to implement an IPEP (80.5%). Those who previously received formal IPEP education or were aware of an existing IPEP had significantly higher perceived ability to implement an IPEP in class (p < .001).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that despite a willingness among PE teachers to implement IPEPs in class, few currently do. Thus, post‐primary PE class may be an under‐utilized setting for adolescent injury prevention and warrants further investigation.
To Hell and Back: A Performer's mental health journey during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Grech Paulann , Chircop Daniel , Azzopardi Andrew 
Published: August 2022

Accessible SummaryWhat is known on the subject?

The COVID‐19 pandemic has induced a considerable amount of mental health difficulties, ranging from anxiety and depression to psychosis. As services struggle to cope with the demand for support, the effect of such psychological challenges on quality of life remains a major concern.

What does the paper add to existing knowledge?

Since the beginning of the COVID‐19 pandemic, a vast amount of research has focused on the physical consequences of the virus. Gradually, studies on the mental health effects related to the pandemic started to emerge, as it became clear that mental health difficulties were as present and as concerning as the physical ones. Whilst such studies commonly explore the prevalence and nature of the presenting mental health challenges, the publication of personal mental health experiences linked to the ongoing situation is lacking. Introducing the human element in literature is an important means of raising awareness on the mental health difficulties that can be triggered by the pandemic. Using public figures such as the individual in this paper is additionally powerful due to the role model effect.

What are the implications for practice?

The paper highlights the need for enhanced awareness and monitoring of mental health especially by health professionals who therefore need to receive adequate mental health training. Furthermore, mental health awareness efforts need to be considered as being a part of the role of the psychiatric and mental health nurse who is at a prime position to educate, monitor and support those receiving care.
Examining the association between rurality and positive childhood experiences among a national sample
Authors: Crouch Elizabeth , Probst Janice C. , Shi Sylvia , McLain Alexander , Eberth Jan M. , Brown Monique J. , Merrell Melinda , Bennett Kevin J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeThe present study examines the association between rurality and positive childhood experiences (PCEs) among children and adolescents across all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Recent work has quantified the prevalence of PCEs at the national level, but these studies have been based on public use data files, which lack rurality information for 19 states.MethodsData for this cross‐sectional analysis were drawn from 2016 to 2018 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH), using the full data set with restricted geographic data (n = 63,000). Descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses were used to calculate proportions and unadjusted associations. Multivariable regression models were used to examine the association between residence and the PCEs that were significant in the bivariate analyses.FindingsRural children were more likely than urban children to be reported as having PCEs: volunteering in their community (aOR 1.29; 95% CI 1.18‐1.42), having a guiding mentor (aOR 1.75; 95% CI 1.45‐2.10), residing in a safe neighborhood (aOR 1.97; 95% CI 1.54‐2.53), and residing in a supportive neighborhood (aOR 1.10; 95% CI 1.01‐1.20) than urban children.ConclusionsThe assessment of rural‐urban differences in PCEs using the full NSCH is a unique opportunity to quantify exposure to PCEs. Given the higher baseline rate of PCEs in rural than urban children, programs to increase opportunities for PCEs in urban communities are warranted. Future research should delve further into whether these PCEs translate to better mental health outcomes in rural children.
Phylogenomic study of Amorphophallus (Alismatales; Araceae): When plastid DNA gene sequences help to resolve the backbone subgeneric delineation
Authors: Pouchon Charles , Gauthier Jérémy , Pitteloud Camille , Claudel Cyrille , Alvarez Nadir 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEncompassing ca. 200 species distributed in paleotropical Africa and Asia, Amorphophallus is one of the largest genera of Araceae. In spite of the great economic interest in its glucomannan production, only a few studies have attempted to grasp the evolutionary history of this genus. In the current state of knowledge, four main clades, mostly linked to biogeographical delineation, have been identified from phylogenies based on a few genes. However, relationships among and within these clades still remain unclear, due to the rapid radiation that occurred during the early evolutionary history of the genus. Here, we generated genome skimming libraries for 43 specimens from 36 species distributed across the 4 clades, which allowed us to produce a phylogenetic matrix for a set of 71 plastid genes. Our phylogenies confirm the monophyly of these clades but show a new and well‐resolved arrangement among these clades. Our analyses therefore provide a new scenario and timeline for the evolution of the main Amorphophallus clades, consistent with the morphological characteristics of the clades. The inferred scenario is also in agreement with climate dynamics and the onset of long‐distance dispersal by the earliest migratory birds near the Oligocene/Miocene transition around 23 million years ago. Our study provides an up‐to‐date baseline to understand biogeographic and ecological processes that shaped the current diversity and distribution of Amorphophallus, paving the way for larger‐scale phylogenomic studies based on plastid and nuclear genomes.
Comorbid insomnia and sleep apnea in children: a preliminary explorative study
Authors: Meira e Cruz Miguel , Salles Cristina , Seixas Luana , D′Elia Claudio , Rocha Isabel , Gozal David 
Published: August 2022

SummaryInsomnia and sleep‐disordered breathing (SDB) are prevalent sleep disorders. These disorders can therefore be concurrently present – comorbid insomnia and sleep apnea (COMISA). The prevalence of COMISA in the paediatric age range is unclear. As such, phenotypic constructs should help better define this comorbid condition if it exists in children and improve both diagnostic sensitivity and ultimately clinical care outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of insomnia in children and adolescents referred for evaluation of sleep symptoms suggestive of SDB in one initial (Cohort#1) and verify such findings in an independent cohort (Cohort#2) using a retrospective cross‐sectional approach in patients aged 9–19 years presenting at a sleep centre to be evaluated for symptoms of SDB. Cohort #1 comprised 50 consecutive children (58% males; mean [SD] age 13.6 [3.3] years; median [interquartile range, IQR] Epworth Sleepiness Scale score 10 [6–12]) who were evaluated using validated SDB and insomnia questionnaires. Cohort#2 was extracted from electronic medical records and included 384 polysomnographically evaluated children (mean [SD] age 12.9 [3.6] years; mean [SD] body mass index z score 1.27 [0.28]; median Epworth Sleepiness Scale score 9.7 [4–17]). In Cohort #1, 56% were at high risk of SDB, 36% had insomnia alone, and 18% were at high risk of COMISA. The prevalence of COMISA in Cohort #2 was 16%, 72% had SDB alone, and 12% had insomnia alone. In both cohorts, COMISA manifested as increased propensity for sleepiness and fatigue during both waking and daytime. Thus, the presence of COMISA is frequent in the paediatric age range and accompanied by a more prominent symptomatic phenotype.
Pre‐domestication bottlenecks of the cultivated seaweed Gracilaria chilensis
Authors: Huanel Oscar R. , Quesada‐Calderón Suany , Ríos Molina Cristian , Morales‐González Sarai , Saenz‐Agudelo Pablo , Nelson Wendy A. , Arakaki Natalia , Mauger Stéphane , Faugeron Sylvain , Guillemin Marie‐Laure 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGracilaria chilensis is the main cultivated seaweed in Chile. The low genetic diversity observed in the Chilean populations has been associated with the over‐exploitation of natural beds and/or the founder effect that occurred during post‐glacial colonization from New Zealand. How these processes have affected its evolutionary trajectory before farming and incipient domestication is poorly understood. In this study, we used 2232 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to assess how the species' evolutionary history in New Zealand (its region of origin), the founder effect linked to transoceanic dispersion and colonization of South America, and the recent over‐exploitation of natural populations have influenced the genetic architecture of G. chilensis in Chile. The contrasting patterns of genetic diversity and structure observed between the two main islands in New Zealand attest to the important effects of Quaternary glacial cycles on G. chilensis. Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) analyses indicated that Chatham Island and South America were colonized independently near the end of the Last Glacial Maximum and emphasized the importance of coastal and oceanic currents during that period. Furthermore, ABC analyses inferred the existence of a recent and strong genetic bottleneck in Chile, matching the period of over‐exploitation of the natural beds during the 1970s, followed by rapid demographic expansion linked to active clonal propagation used in farming. Recurrent genetic bottlenecks strongly eroded the genetic diversity of G. chilensis prior to its cultivation, raising important challenges for the management of genetic resources in this incipiently domesticated species.
Multiple mechanisms for overcoming lethal over‐initiation of DNA replication
Authors: Anderson Mary E. , Smith Janet L. , Grossman Alan D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDNA replication is highly regulated and primarily controlled at the step of initiation. In bacteria, the replication initiator DnaA and the origin of replication oriC are the primary targets of regulation. Perturbations that increase or decrease replication initiation can cause a decrease in cell fitness. We found that multiple mechanisms, including an increase in replication elongation and a decrease in replication initiation, can compensate for lethal over‐initiation. We found that in Bacillus subtilis, under conditions of rapid growth, loss of yabA, a negative regulator of replication initiation, caused a synthetic lethal phenotype when combined with the dnaA1 mutation that also causes replication over‐initiation. We isolated several classes of suppressors that restored viability to dnaA1 ∆yabA double mutants. Some suppressors (relA, nrdR) stimulated replication elongation. Others (dnaC, cshA) caused a decrease in replication initiation. One class of suppressors decreased replication initiation in the dnaA1 ∆yabA mutant by causing a decrease in the amount of the replicative helicase, DnaC. We found that decreased levels of helicase in otherwise wild‐type cells were sufficient to decrease replication initiation during rapid growth, indicating that the replicative helicase is limiting for replication initiation. Our results highlight the multiple mechanisms cells use to regulate DNA replication.
Sulfate‐TOR signaling controls transcriptional reprogramming for shoot apex activation
Authors: Yu Yongdong , Zhong Zhaochen , Ma Liuyin , Xiang Chengbin , Chen Jie , Huang Xin‐Yuan , Xu Ping , Xiong Yan 
Published: August 2022

Summary

Plants play a primary role for the global sulfur cycle in the earth ecosystems by reduction of inorganic sulfate from the soil to organic sulfur‐containing compounds. How plants sense and transduce the sulfate availability to mediate their growth remains largely unclear. The target of rapamycin (TOR) kinase is an evolutionarily conserved master regulator of nutrient sensing and metabolic signaling to control cell proliferation and growth in all eukaryotes.

By tissue‐specific Western blotting and RNA‐sequencing analysis, we investigated sulfate‐TOR signal pathway in regulating shoot apex development.

Here, we report that inorganic sulfate exhibits high potency activating TOR and cell proliferation to promote true leaf development in Arabidopsis in a glucose‐energy parallel pathway. Genetic and metabolite analyses suggest that this sulfate activation of TOR is independent from the sulfate‐assimilation process and glucose‐energy signaling. Significantly, tissue specific transcriptome analyses uncover previously unknown sulfate‐orchestrating genes involved in DNA replication, cell proliferation and various secondary metabolism pathways, which largely depends on TOR signaling.

Systematic comparison between the sulfate‐ and glucose‐TOR controlled transcriptome further reveals that TOR kinase, as the central growth integrator, responds to different nutrient signals to control both shared and unique transcriptome networks, therefore, precisely modulates plant proliferation, growth and stress responses.