bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cosmopolitan language practices toward change: A case from a South Korean high school
Authors: Jung Jin Kyeong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study explores English language learners’ cosmopolitan language practices. Based on the concepts of cosmopolitanism (i.e., becoming a global citizen) and English as aLingua Franca(ELF), it investigates how South Korean high school students engage in collaborative English writing practices to interact with audiences in a global writing community. Using discourse analysis of students’ artifacts, this study argues that cosmopolitan language practices are beneficial for cultivating global citizenry. The findings indicate that students positioned themselves as effective communicators and meaningful collaborators for change as they developed intercultural and collaboration skills. Researchers and educators are encouraged to create opportunities for language learners to engage in cosmopolitan language practices utilizing digital technologies.
A dynamic systems perspective towards executive function development: Susceptibility at both ends for inhibitory control
Authors: Wu Qiong , Jalapa Karina , Han Soo Jin , Tawfiq Dania , Cui Ming 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn light of the dynamic systems perspective, the current study expanded existing literature by examining the moderating effect of maternal sensitivity on the quadratic association between infant negative reactivity and future executive function development. Using a longitudinal, multimethod design, we addressed executive function development among preschoolers. This study utilized data from the Family Life Project (N = 1292). Infant negative reactivity at 6 months, maternal sensitivity across first 3 years, and executive functions during preschool age were observational assessed. A path model with moderation analyses revealed a U-shaped quadratic association between infant negative reactivity and preschoolers’ inhibitory control, only when maternal sensitivity was high. The results suggest that maternal sensitivity may assist infants with both low and high, but not moderate, levels of negative reactivity towards better executive function development. Findings support the ongoing nonlinear person-environment interplay during early years of life.
Interpregnancy interval and the risk of oppositional defiant disorder in offspring
Authors: Dachew Berihun Assefa , Pereira Gavin , Tessema Gizachew Assefa , Dhamrait Gursimran Kaur , Alati Rosa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe study aimed to investigate the association between interpregnancy interval (IPI) and parent-reported oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) in offspring at 7 and 10 years of age. We used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), an ongoing population-based longitudinal study based in Bristol, United Kingdom (UK). Data included in the analysis consisted of more than 3200 mothers and their singleton children. The association between IPI and ODD was determined using a series of log-binomial regression analyses. We found that children of mothers with short IPI (<6 months) were 2.4 times as likely to have a diagnosis of ODD at 7 and 10 years compared to mothers with IPI of 18–23 months (RR = 2.45; 95%CI: 1.24–4.81 and RR = 2.40; 95% CI: 1.08–5.33), respectively. We found no evidence of associations between other IPI categories and risk of ODD in offspring in both age groups. Adjustment for a wide range of confounders, including maternal mental health, and comorbid ADHD did not alter the findings. This study suggests that the risk of ODD is higher among children born following short IPI (<6 months). Future large prospective studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms explaining this association.
The Use of Portable Oxygen Concentrators in Low-Resource Settings: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nowadly Craig D. , Portillo Daniel J. , Davis Maxwell L. , Hood R. Lyle , De Lorenzo Robert A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroduction:Portable oxygen concentrators (POCs) are medical devices that use physical means to separate oxygen from the atmosphere to produce concentrated, medical-grade gas. Providing oxygen to low-resources environments, such as austere locations, military combat zones, rural Emergency Medical Services (EMS), and during disasters, becomes expensive and logistically intensive. Recent advances in separation technology have promoted the development of POC systems ruggedized for austere use. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the available data regarding POCs in these challenge environments.Methods:PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Defense Technical Information Center were searched from inception to November 2021. Articles addressing the use of POCs in low-resource settings were selected. Three authors were independently involved in the search, review, and synthesis of the articles. Evidence was graded using Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine guidelines.Results:The initial search identified 349 articles, of which 40 articles were included in the review. A total of 724 study subjects were associated with the included articles. There were no Level I systematic reviews or randomized controlled trials.Discussion:Generally, POCs are a low-cost, light-weight tool that may fill gaps in austere, military, veterinary, EMS, and disaster medicine. They are cost-effective in low-resource areas, such as rural and high-altitude hospitals in developing nations, despite relatively high capital costs associated with initial equipment purchase. Implementation of POC in low-resource locations is limited primarily on access to electricity but can otherwise operate for thousands of hours without maintenance. They provide a unique advantage in combat operations as there is no risk of explosive if oxygen tanks are struck by high-velocity projectiles. Despite their deployment throughout the battlespace, there were no manuscripts identified during the review involving the efficacy of POCs for combat casualties or clinical outcomes in combat. Veterinary medicine and animal studies have provided the most robust data on the physiological effectiveness of POCs. The success of POCs during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic highlights the potential for POCs during future mass-casualty events. There is emerging technology available that combines a larger oxygen concentrator with a compressor system capable of refilling small oxygen cylinders, which could transform the delivery of oxygen in austere environments if ruggedized and miniaturized. Future clinical research is needed to quantify the clinical efficacy of POCs in low-resource settings.
Food promoted on an online food delivery platform in a Brazilian metropolis during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic: a longitudinal analysis
Authors: Horta Paula Martins , Matos Juliana De Paula , Mendes Larissa Loures 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjective:To analyse food advertised on an online food delivery (OFD) platform during 16 weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil.Design:Longitudinal study. We randomly selected foods advertised on the OFD app’s home page, classifying the food items into: water; natural juices and smoothies; vegetables; fruits; traditional meals and pasta; ultra-processed beverages; ice cream, candies, and salty packaged snacks; sandwiches; savoury snacks; and pizza. We also registered the marketing strategies used to promote the food items, such as photos, discounts, ‘combo deals’, and messages on healthiness, value for the money, tastiness, and pleasure.Setting:Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.Participants:1593 food items.Results:In general, the OFD platform most commonly promoted traditional meals and pasta, ultra-processed beverages, and sandwiches – these food groups were offered 20–25 % of the time during the 16 weeks. There were no promotions for water during the whole period, and the least common promotions were those for natural juices and smoothies, vegetables, and fruits (< 5 %). The most common food promotion strategies were photos (> 80 %) and discounts (> 95 %), while approximately 30 % of the offers featured combo deals. Messages on tastiness, pleasure and value for the money varied from 15 % to 40 %.Conclusion:Although the OFD platform offered traditional meals and pasta, most of the foods and beverages advertised were unhealthy and promoted with persuasive strategies. This finding highlights a growing public health concern: an increase in unhealthy eating patterns during the pandemic.
Las Falsas Derechas: Conflict and Convergence in Mexico's Post-Cristero Right after the Second Vatican Council
Authors: Herrán Ávila Luis 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn the wake of the Second Vatican Council, Mexican traditionalist Catholics mobilized in apparent unity against Catholic “progressivism” and the Left. Yet, they succumbed to their own internecine fights. This article examines the conflicts within Mexico's post-Cristero Right during the 1960s and 70s by tackling the ruptures and realignments surrounding the excommunication of Fr. Joaquín Sáenz Arriaga, a traditionalist Jesuit famed for attacking conciliar reforms and the legitimacy of Paul VI's papacy. I argue that the ensuing debates put into question the apparent coherence of conservatives in the face of social unrest after 1968, highlighting the long-standing entropy of right-wing Catholicism, as traditionalists clashed over matters of orthodoxy, Catholics’ historical relationship with the postrevolutionary state, and the contested memory of the Cristero War, which they used to legitimize their positions and define the terms of their traditionalism. Using anticommunism and anti-Semitism to wage their battles, these traditionalists occupied important spaces in the public sphere, contributed to Mexico's Cold War polarizations, and shaped the Mexican Right's international outlook. Their conflicts attest to the contentious plurality of the Mexican Right during this period, which invites further study to better understand how these actors situated themselves in a rapidly changing world.
Separating Energetic Internal Gravity Waves and Small‐Scale Frontal Dynamics
Authors: Torres Hector S. , Klein Patrice , D’Asaro Eric , Wang Jinbo , Thompson Andrew F. , Siegelman Lia , Menemenlis Dimitris , Rodriguez Ernesto , Wineteer Alexander , Perkovic‐Martin Dragana 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOceanic fronts with lateral scales less than 20 km are now known to be one of the major contributors to vertical heat fluxes in the global ocean, which highlights their potential impact on Earth's climate. However, frontal dynamics with time scales less than 1 day, whose contribution to vertical heat fluxes is thought to be significant, are obscured by energetic internal gravity waves (IGWs). In this study, we address this critical issue by separating IGWs and frontal dynamics using an approach based on their respective vertical scales of variability. Results using a numerical model with a horizontal grid spacing of 500 m confirm that it is possible to recover frontal dynamics at short time scales as well as associated intense vertical velocities and vertical heat fluxes. This opens up new possibilities for a more accurate estimation of the vertical exchanges of any tracers between the surface and the ocean interior.
Influence of Arctic Sea Ice Concentration on Extended‐Range Prediction of Strong and Long‐Lasting Ural Blocking Events in Winter
Authors: Ma Xueying , Mu Mu , Dai Guokun , Han Zhe , Li Chunxiang , Jiang Zhina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIt is traditionally considered that the predictability of atmosphere reaches approximately 2 weeks due to its chaotic features. Considering boundary conditions, the lead prediction time can exceed 2 weeks in certain cases. We find that the Arctic sea ice concentration (SIC) is crucial for extended‐range prediction of strong and long‐lasting Ural blocking (UB) formation. By applying the rotated empirical orthogonal function‐based particle swarm optimization algorithm, the conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation is calculated with the Community Atmosphere Model, version 4, to identify the optimally growing boundary errors in extended‐range prediction of strong and long‐lasting UB formation. It is found that SIC perturbations in the Greenland Sea (GS), Barents Sea (BS), and Okhotsk Sea (OKS) are important for strong and long‐lasting UB formation prediction in four pentads. Further analysis reveals that the SIC perturbations in these areas first influence the local temperature field through the diabatic heating process and further affect the temperature field in the Ural sector mainly by advection and convection processes. Moreover, the zonal winds in the Ural sector are adjusted by the thermal wind balance, thus affecting UB formation. The local characteristics of the SIC perturbations indicate that the GS, BS, and OKS may be sensitive areas in regard to extended‐range prediction of strong and long‐lasting UB formation, which can provide scientific support for the SIC target observations in the future.
Quasi‐Antiphase Diel Patterns of Abundance and Cell Size/Biomass of Picophytoplankton in the Oligotrophic Ocean
Authors: Li Changlin , Chiang Kuo‐Ping , Laws Edward A. , Liu Xin , Chen Jixin , Huang Yibin , Chen Bingzhang , Tsai An‐Yi , Huang Bangqin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPicophytoplankton are the smallest, most abundant photosynthetic organisms in the ocean. Knowledge of the diel variability of these tiny microbes has important implications for the structure of microbial food webs and key biogeochemical processes. However, insight into the mechanisms that underlie picophytoplanktonic diel dynamics is limited. By combining a field survey with a published dataset, we found that cell numbers and cell sizes/biomasses of picophytoplankton were tightly synchronized to the day‐night cycle, but they were in a quasi‐antiphase relationship to each other. This pattern is a confirmation and extension of previous studies. Mortality rates showed that Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus were subject to considerable grazing pressure throughout the day and night. The quasi‐antiphase diel cycles in abundance and cell size/biomass are likely determined by the light‐dependent diel behavior of cell growth and division and continuous losses to grazing. This work significantly improves our understanding of autotrophic picoplankton in the oligotrophic ocean.
Seismic Structure of the Caroline Plateau‐Yap Trench Collision Zone
Authors: Fan Jianke , Zheng Hong , Zhao Dapeng , Dong Dongdong , Bai Yongliang , Li Cuilin , Zhang Zhengyi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCollision of oceanic plateaus with trenches has played a key role in the continental growth and plate tectonic reorganizations throughout the Earth's history. However, the understanding of collision between an initially rifted plateau with a trench is still deficient. Here we conduct the first seismic tomography and receiver function analyses in the Yap subduction zone, western Pacific Ocean, where the initially rifted Caroline Plateau is colliding with the Yap Trench. Our results reveal horizontal and overturned slabs south and north of the Sorol Trough, respectively, which may be caused by slab breakoff followed by underplating and eastward mantle flow with ultra‐slow convergence. The distinct slab morphologies could be responsible for the short‐lived arc volcanism (11‐7 Ma), horst‐graben structures, different Bouguer gravity anomalies and stress regimes in the Yap subduction zone. The overturned slab may cause the incoming plateau to be stretched to facilitate the initial plateau subduction.
Age, sex and APOE-ε4 modify the balance between soluble and fibrillar β-amyloid in non-demented individuals: topographical patterns across two independent cohorts
Authors: Cacciaglia Raffaele , Salvadó Gemma , Molinuevo José Luis , Shekari Mahnaz , Falcon Carles , Operto Gregory , Suárez-Calvet Marc , Milà-Alomà Marta , Sala Arianna , Rodriguez-Vieitez Elena , Kollmorgen Gwendlyn , Suridjan Ivonne , Blennow Kaj , Zetterberg Henrik , Gispert Juan Domingo ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative,   for the ALFA study, Arenaza-Urquijo Eider , Beteta Annabella , Brugulat-Serrat Anna , Cañas Alba , Cumplido Irene , Deulofeu Carme , Dominguez Ruth , Emilio Maria , Fauria Karine , Fuentes Sherezade , González-de-Echavarri José María , Grau-Rivera Oriol , Hernandez Laura , Huesa Gema , Huguet Jordi , Knezevic Iva , Marne Paula , Minguillon Carolina , Menchón Tania , Pascual Maria , Polo Albina , Pradas Sandra , Sánchez-Benavides Gonzalo , Sala-Vila Aleix , Soteras Anna , Tenas Laia , Vilanova Marc , Vilor-Tejedor Natalia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAmyloid (Aβ) pathology is the earliest detectable pathophysiological event along the Alzheimer’s continuum, which can be measured both in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and by Positron Emission Tomography (PET). Yet, these biomarkers identify two distinct Aβ pools, reflecting the clearance of soluble Aβ as opposed to the presence of Aβ fibrils in the brain. An open question is whether risk factors known to increase Alzheimer’s’ disease (AD) prevalence may promote an imbalance between soluble and deposited Aβ. Unveiling such interactions shall aid our understanding of the biological pathways underlying Aβ deposition and foster the design of effective prevention strategies. We assessed the impact of three major AD risk factors, such as age, APOE-ε4 and female sex, on the association between CSF and PET Aβ, in two independent samples of non-demented individuals (ALFA: n = 320, ADNI: n = 682). We tested our hypotheses both in candidate regions of interest and in the whole brain using voxel-wise non-parametric permutations. All of the assessed risk factors induced a higher Aβ deposition for any given level of CSF Aβ42/40, although in distinct cerebral topologies. While age and sex mapped onto neocortical areas, the effect of APOE-ε4 was prominent in the medial temporal lobe, which represents a target of early tau deposition. Further, we found that the effects of age and APOE-ε4 was stronger in women than in men. Our data indicate that specific AD risk factors affect the spatial patterns of cerebral Aβ aggregation, with APOE-ε4 possibly facilitating a co-localization between Aβ and tau along the disease continuum.
Temporal and spatial cellular and molecular pathological alterations with single-cell resolution in the adult spinal cord after injury
Authors: Li Chen , Wu Zhourui , Zhou Liqiang , Shao Jingliang , Hu Xiao , Xu Wei , Ren Yilong , Zhu Xingfei , Ge Weihong , Zhang Kunshan , Liu Jiping , Huang Runzhi , Yu Jing , Luo Dandan , Yang Xuejiao , Zhu Wenmin , Zhu Rongrong , Zheng Changhong , Sun Yi Eve , Cheng Liming 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) involves diverse injury responses in different cell types in a temporally and spatially specific manner. Here, using single-cell transcriptomic analyses combined with classic anatomical, behavioral, electrophysiological analyses, we report, with single-cell resolution, temporal molecular and cellular changes in crush-injured adult mouse spinal cord. Data revealed pathological changes of 12 different major cell types, three of which infiltrated into the spinal cord at distinct times post-injury. We discovered novel microglia and astrocyte subtypes in the uninjured spinal cord, and their dynamic conversions into additional stage-specific subtypes/states. Most dynamic changes occur at 3-days post-injury and by day-14 the second wave of microglial activation emerged, accompanied with changes in various cell types including neurons, indicative of the second round of attacks. By day-38, major cell types are still substantially deviated from uninjured states, demonstrating prolonged alterations. This study provides a comprehensive mapping of cellular/molecular pathological changes along the temporal axis after SCI, which may facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies, including those targeting microglia.
Differences in cancer incidence by broad ethnic group in England, 2013–2017
Authors: Delon Christine , Brown Katrina F. , Payne Nick W. S. , Kotrotsios Yannis , Vernon Sally , Shelton Jon 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundCancer incidence variation between population groups can inform public health and cancer services. Previous studies have shown cancer incidence rates vary by ethnic group in England. Since their publication, the completeness of ethnicity recording in cancer data has improved, and relevant inequalities (e.g. risk factor prevalence and healthcare access) may have changed.MethodsAge-standardised incidence rates were calculated for Asian, Black, Mixed/Multiple and White ethnic groups in England in 2013–2017, using almost 3 million diagnoses across 31 cancer sites. Rate ratios were calculated with the White ethnic group as reference. Sensitivity analyses used imputed ethnicity for cases with missing data and perturbed population estimates.ResultsIncidence rates for most cancer sites and ethnic group and sex combinations were lower in non-White minority ethnic groups compared with the corresponding White group, with particularly low rate ratios (below 0.5) for melanoma skin cancer and some smoking-related cancers (lung, bladder and oesophageal cancers). Exceptions included prostate cancer (2.1 times higher in males of Black ethnicity), myeloma (2.7–3.0 times higher in people of Black ethnicity), several gastrointestinal cancers (1.1–1.9 times higher in people of Black ethnicity, 1.4–2.2 times higher in people of Asian ethnicity), Hodgkin lymphoma (1.1 times higher in males of Asian ethnicity, 1.3 times higher in males of Black ethnicity) and thyroid cancers (1.4 times higher in people of Asian ethnicity, 1.2 times higher in people of Black ethnicity). Sensitivity analyses did not materially alter these results (rate ratios changed by a maximum of 12 percentage points, the direction and significance of results were unchanged in all but two cancer site/sex/ethnic group combinations).ConclusionsPeople of non-White minority ethnicity in England generally have lower cancer risk than the White population, though there are a number of notable exceptions. These results should galvanise efforts to better understand the reasons for this variation, and the possible impact on cancer services, patient experiences and outcomes.
NEDD4L binds the proteasome and promotes autophagy and bortezomib sensitivity in multiple myeloma
Authors: Huang Xi , Cao Wen , Yao Shunnan , Chen Jing , Liu Yang , Qu Jianwei , Li Yi , Han Xiaoyan , He Jingsong , Huang He , Zhang Enfan , Cai Zhen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable plasma cell cancer characterized by abnormal secretion of monoclonal immunoglobulins. The molecular mechanism that regulates the drug sensitivity of MM cells is being intensively studied. Here, we report an unexpected finding that the protein encoded by neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated gene 4L (NEDD4L), which is a HECT E3 ligase, binds the 19S proteasome, limiting its proteolytic function and enhancing autophagy. Suppression of NEDD4L expression reduced bortezomib (Bor) sensitivity in vitro and in vivo, mainly through autophagy inhibition mediated by low NEDD4L expression, which was rescued by an autophagy activator. Clinically, elevated expression of NEDD4L is associated with a considerably increased probability of responding to Bor, a prolonged response duration, and improved overall prognosis, supporting both the use of NEDD4L as a biomarker to identify patients most likely to benefit from Bor and the regulation of NEDD4L as a new approach in myeloma therapy.