bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing outcomes of single-port insufflation endoscopic breast-conserving surgery and conventional open approach for breast cancer
Authors: Xie Fang , Wang Zi-Han , Wu Shan-Shan , Gang Tian-Ran , Gao Guo-Xuan , Qu Xiang , Zhang Zhong-Tao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
In the surgical treatment of breast cancer, the goal of surgeons is to continually create and improve minimally invasive surgical techniques to increase patients’ quality of life. Currently, routine breast-conserving surgery is often performed using two obvious incisions. Here, we compare the clinical efficacy and aesthetic outcomes of a novel technique using one incision, called ‘single-port insufflation endoscopic breast-conserving surgery’ (SIE-BCS), vs. conventional breast-conserving surgery (C-BCS) in patients with early-stage breast cancer.

Methods
A total of 180 patients with stage I or stage II breast cancer participated in this study, of whom 63 underwent SIE-BCS and 117 underwent C-BCS. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the risk of local recurrence and metastasis. Aesthetic outcomes were evaluated using the BREAST-Q scale.

Results
The mean operation time was significantly longer for SIE-BCS (194.9 ± 71.5 min) than for C-BCS (140.3 ± 56.9 min), but the mean incision length was significantly shorter for SIE-BCS than for C-BCS (3.4 ± 1.2 cm vs. 8.6 ± 2.3 cm). While both surgeries yielded similar BREAST-Q ratings for satisfaction with breasts and sexual well-being, SIE-BCS was associated with significantly better ratings for physical well-being (chest area) and psychological well-being. Additionally, SIE-BCS was associated with decreased rates of adverse effects of radiation. The preliminary analysis showed that SIE-BCS did not increase the risk of local recurrence or metastasis.

Conclusion
The novel single-port insufflation endoscopic assisted BCS technique is feasible, safe, and improves patients’ postoperative comfort and psychological well-being, as compared to the conventional technique.
Pregnancy and thrombosis risk for women without a history of thrombotic events: a retrospective study of the real risks
Authors: Grouzi Elisavet , Pouliakis Abraham , Aktypi Αnthi , Christoforidou Anna , Kotsi Paraskevi , Αnagnostou Georgios , Foifa Aikaterini , Papadakis Emmanouil 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
During pregnancy and puerperium women are at high VTE risk. Current guidelines recommend dynamic VTE-risk assessment during pregnancy. Based on related RCOG-guidelines we constructed a digital VTE-risk assessment tool: PATrisks (www.PATrisks.com). Using this tool, we retrospectively evaluated the thrombotic risk in 742 women from our previous work, women who received thromboprophylaxis based on clinical experience for A) pregnancy complications, B) IVF treatment and C) prothrombotic tendency, in order to investigate whether that practice was justified according to the PATrisks scoring system for VTE prevention.

Methods
Women with pregnancy complications [Group-A: 445], women who had undergone IVF [Group-B:132] and women with a prothrombotic tendency (thrombophilia, family history of VTE, other) [Group-C:165] were assessed using the PATrisks scoring system for thrombotic risk. The women were assigned into one of the following risk categories: low (score ≤ 2), intermediate (score = 3) and high (score ≥ 4). Further analysis per risk factor type (pre-existing or obstetric) and for various combinations of them, was also performed. We evaluated thrombotic risk early in pregnancy, and in the peripartum period.

Results
The mean risk score antepartum was higher for women in Group B (3.3 in comparison with 1.9 and 2.0 in Group A and Group C respectively). Moreover, the risk score increased significantly postpartum for all Groups. The chi-square test also proved that there was a higher percentage of women at high or intermediate risk in group B compared to C before birth (55.3% vs.26.1% respectively, p < 0.0001, OR: 3.5, 95% CI: 2.2 – 5.7) and similarly after birth (85.6% vs. 56.4%, OR: 4.6, 95%CI: 2.6–8.2, p < 0.0001). In total 12 (1.6%) out of 742 women experienced thrombotic events, whether pre- or post-partum.

Conclusions
LMWHs are widely prescribed during pregnancy for a number of indications, even when a proven scientific basis for such a practice is lacking. However, a considerable percentage of women were already at VTE-risk according to PATrisks and might have derived an additional benefit from LMWH in the form of VTE prevention. The rational use of these drugs should be optimized by establishing and implementing routine risk assessment for all pregnant women and by providing the necessary education to healthcare professionals.
Sex differences in inflammation in the hippocampus and amygdala across the lifespan in rats: associations with cognitive bias
Authors: Hodges Travis E. , Lieblich Stephanie E. , Rechlin Rebecca K. , Galea Liisa A. M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Cognitive symptoms of major depressive disorder, such as negative cognitive bias, are more prevalent in women than in men. Cognitive bias involves pattern separation which requires hippocampal neurogenesis and is modulated by inflammation in the brain. Previously, we found sex differences in the activation of the amygdala and the hippocampus in response to negative cognitive bias in rats that varied with age. Given the association of cognitive bias to neurogenesis and inflammation, we examined associations between cognitive bias, neurogenesis in the hippocampus, and cytokine and chemokine levels in the ventral hippocampus (HPC) and basolateral amygdala (BLA) of male and female rats across the lifespan.

Results
After cognitive bias testing, males had more IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 in the ventral HPC than females in adolescence. In young adulthood, females had more IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 in the BLA than males. Middle-aged rats had more IL-13, TNF-α, and CXCL1 in both regions than younger groups. Adolescent male rats had higher hippocampal neurogenesis than adolescent females after cognitive bias testing and young rats that underwent cognitive bias testing had higher levels of hippocampal neurogenesis than controls. Neurogenesis in the dorsal hippocampus was negatively associated with negative cognitive bias in young adult males.

Conclusions
Overall, the association between negative cognitive bias, hippocampal neurogenesis, and inflammation in the brain differs by age and sex. Hippocampal neurogenesis and inflammation may play greater role in the cognitive bias of young males compared to a greater role of BLA inflammation in adult females. These findings lay the groundwork for the discovery of sex-specific novel therapeutics that target region-specific inflammation in the brain and hippocampal neurogenesis.
Predictive worth of estimated glucose disposal rate: evaluation in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome and non-diabetic patients after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Liu Chi , Liu Xiaoli , Ma Xiaoteng , Cheng Yujing , Sun Yan , Zhang Dai , Zhao Qi , Zhou Yujie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Measurement of estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) has been demonstrated to be an indicator of insulin resistance (IR) and a risk sign for long-term outcomes in those with ischemic heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) having coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). After elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), the usefulness of eGDR for prognosis in those with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) and non-diabetes is yet unknown.

Methods
1510 NSTE-ACS patients with non-diabetes who underwent elective PCI in 2015 (Beijing Anzhen Hospital) were included in this study. Major adverse cardio-cerebral events (MACCEs), such as all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal ischemic stroke, and also ischemia-driven revascularization, were the main outcome of follow-up. The average number of follow-up months was 41.84.

Results
After multivariate Cox regression tests with confounder adjustment, the occurrence of MACCE in the lower eGDR cluster was considerably higher than in the higher eGDR cluster, demonstrating that eGDR is an independent prognostic indicator of MACCEs. In particular, as continuous variate: hazard ratio (HR) of 1.337, 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.201–1.488, P < 0.001. eGDR improves the predictive power of usual cardiovascular risk factors for the primary endpoint. Specifically, the results for the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, this is AUC, were: baseline model + eGDR 0.699 vs. baseline model 0.588; P for contrast < 0.001; continuous net reclassification improvement (continuous-NRI) = 0.089, P < 0.001; and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) = 0.017, P < 0.001.

Conclusion
Low eGDR levels showed a strong correlation with poor NSTE-ACS prognosis for nondiabetic patients undergoing PCI.
Effectiveness of a nurse practitioner-led cardiovascular prevention clinic at reduction of metabolic syndrome following maternal complications of pregnancy: a preliminary analysis
Authors: Aldridge Emily , Pathirana Maleesa , Wittwer Melanie , Sierp Susan , Leemaqz Shalem Y. , Roberts Claire T. , Dekker Gustaaf A. , Arstall Margaret A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Aim
Maternal complications of pregnancy, including hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus, intrauterine growth restriction, preterm labour, and placental abruption, are associated with increased risk of future cardiometabolic disease. Lifestyle interventions that focus on preventative strategies for this young, high-risk population of women may assist in cardiometabolic disease risk reduction. The aim of this preliminary registry analysis was to observe the change in maternal metabolic syndrome status after receiving a nurse practitioner-led lifestyle intervention delivered soon after a complicated pregnancy.

Method
This preliminary analysis included 64 eligible women who had attended both baseline (approximately 6 months postpartum) and review (approximately eighteen months postpartum) appointments at the postpartum lifestyle clinic after an index pregnancy complicated by at least one maternal complication of pregnancy. Metabolic syndrome status at both appointments was assessed.

Results
At the baseline appointment, 22 (34.4%) women met the criteria for metabolic syndrome. This number reduced at the review appointment to 19 (29.7%). This difference was not statistically significant. There were some modest improvements in the individual cardiometabolic risk factors, as well as marked improvements in the women who had recovered from metabolic syndrome over twelve months.

Conclusion
There was a high percentage of metabolic syndrome present early in the postpartum period. The results of this preliminary analysis highlight the importance of continuing preventative care and ongoing research for this group of high-risk women.
Conservative treatment with mouthwashes followed by tongue photo biomodulation therapy in Covid-19: a case report
Authors: Chaughtai Saira , Chaughtai Zeeshan , Asif Arif 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Oral manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), including ulcers, herpetiform lesions, macules, and petechiae, among others, are becoming increasingly recognized, but there is little guidance on their treatment. Reported cases have described treatment with various mouthwashes containing antivirals, antifungals, antibiotics, anesthetics, or steroids. Our case report is unique in that we provide guidance on the judicious use of these medications, followed by photobiomodulation therapy if the manifestations are treatment resistant.

Case presentation
We describe a 30-year-old Caucasian woman who tested positive for COVID-19 after developing nasal congestion and cough. Ten days after testing positive, she developed a systemic rash on her extremities and torso. At the same time, she developed swelling of the tongue lasting 1 hour, with subsequent appearance of oral lesions that resembled geographic tongue. She also had an irritable sensation on her tongue and some mild loss of sense of taste. We opted for conservative therapy, including mouth rinses containing lidocaine to be used every 6 hours. The patient used the mouth rinse therapy for 1 month and experienced a 90% improvement in her oral lesions and tongue sensitivity. However, she had repeated flares every 3 weeks over a 6-month period, and the steroid mouthwash achieved incomplete resolution. After three sessions of photobiomodulation therapy, she had no further flares or tongue sensitivity and the lesions healed.

Conclusions
The implication of our report is that we promote the judicious use of topical antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, and steroids for when they are indicated. We propose lidocaine-containing mouth rinses and steroid mouthwash as an initial, symptomatic treatment regimen for ‘COVID-19 tongue.’ If there is failure of resolution, we recommend photobiomodulation therapy.
Infection prevention and control in tertiary care hospitals of Bangladesh: results from WHO infection prevention and control assessment framework (IPCAF)
Authors: Harun Md. Golam Dostogir , Anwar Md Mahabub Ul , Sumon Shariful Amin , Hassan Md Zakiul , Haque Tahmidul , Mah-E-Muneer Syeda , Rahman Aninda , Abdullah Syed Abul Hassan Md , Islam Md Saiful , Styczynski Ashley R. , Kaydos-Daniels S. Cornelia 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Infection prevention and control (IPC) in healthcare settings is imperative for the safety of patients as well as healthcare providers. To measure current IPC activities, resources, and gaps at the facility level, WHO has developed the Infection Prevention and Control Assessment Framework (IPCAF). This study aimed to assess the existing IPC level of selected tertiary care hospitals in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic using IPCAF to explore their strengths and deficits.

Methods
Between September and December 2020, we assessed 11 tertiary-care hospitals across Bangladesh. We collected the information from IPC focal person and/or hospital administrator from each hospital using the IPCAF assessment tool.. The score was calculated based on eight core components and was used to categorize the hospitals into four distinct IPC levels– Inadequate, Basic, Intermediate, and Advanced. Key performance metrics were summarized within and between hospitals.

Results
The overall median IPCAF score was 355.0 (IQR: 252.5–397.5) out of 800. The majority (73%) of hospitals scored as ‘Basic’ IPC level, while only 18% of hospitals were categorized as ‘Intermediate’. Most hospitals had IPC guidelines as well as environments, materials and equipments. Although 64% of hospitals had IPC orientation and training program for new employees, only 30% of hospitals had regular IPC training program for the staff. None of the hospitals had an IPC surveillance system with standard surveillance case definitions to track HAIs. Around 90% of hospitals did not have an active IPC monitoring and audit system. Half of the hospitals had inadequate staffing considering the workload. Bed occupancy of one patient per bed in all units was found in 55% of hospitals. About 73% of hospitals had functional hand hygiene stations, but sufficient toilets were available in only 37% of hospitals.

Conclusion
The majority of sampled tertiary care hospitals demonstrate inadequate IPC level to ensure the safety of healthcare workers, patients, and visitors. Quality improvement programs and feedback mechanisms should be implemented to strengthen all IPC core components, particularly IPC surveillance, monitoring, education, and training, to improve healthcare safety and resilience.
Early brass from the Foyemiaowan-Xindiantai cemetery, 265–439 ce: the origin and diffusion of brass in ancient China
Authors: Wei Qiangbing , Li Yanxiang , Rehren Thilo , Ma Honglian , Li Xiuhui , Chen Jianli 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Foyemiaowan-Xindiantai cemetery, with more than 10,000 tombs, is located in north-west Gansu Province. The cemetery was active during the Sixteen-State Period of the Western Jin Dynasty (265–439 CE). As the largest ancient tomb group in the Dunhuang region, its cultural core is still mainly based on the cultural tradition of the Central Plains. Metal objects were texturally and chemically analyzed by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive spectrometry (SEM–EDS), and Raman spectroscopy. The analysis of 36 copper-based objects showed that the main alloying elements were tin and lead, while three objects were brass, with copper and zinc as the main elements. These three pieces of brass are the earliest brass objects found in Gansu Province. The brass contains numerous sulfide inclusions, indicating that the raw materials used to make these objects contained a large amount of residual sphalerite instead of being “pure” calamine. They were then hot forged directly from the original smelted brass, without having been remelted. Brass may have reached China during the Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties (220–589 CE), but it was not widely used in China before the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644 CE). According to the statistics and relevant studies of brass unearthed before the Ming Dynasty in China, although the distribution of brass objects spans a considerable period, it concentrates in three areas from the early to the late stage, showing phased development characteristics. This includes accidental smelting in the Central Plains and Haidai areas, followed by external introduction in the northwest, and the emergence of local production in northeast China. Most brass objects contain lead and tin, which requires further exploration.
ROTI Keograms based on CMONOC to characterize the ionospheric irregularities in 2014
Authors: Li Jinghua , Ma Guanyi , Maruyama Takashi , Wan Qingtao , Fan Jiangtao , Zhang Jie , Wang Xiaolang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIonospheric irregularities have been studied since ~ 70 years ago. With the development of Global Navigation Satellite system (GNSS), networks of GNSS receivers have been used to obtain the characteristics of the irregularities, including the drift velocity, the structure, and the evolution. In this paper, keograms based on the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) were used to characterize the irregularities over the area from longitude 85 to 125 °E and latitude 11 to 35 °N in 2014. Keograms were obtained for the rate of TEC index (ROTI) for every 0.5 degree longitude and 30 min universal time pixel. The results showed that the occurrence rate of irregularities in 2014 was high in the equinox months and December, and lowest in June. In equinox months the irregularities often appeared after sunset. In March the irregularities usually had long lifetime of ~ 5–7 h and ~ 5 degrees apparent longitudinal width. The long lifetime usually was accompanied by obvious eastward drift of ~ 100 m/s and large vertical ROTI (vROTI). In September the irregularities had weaker ROTI and shorter lifetime than those in March. The irregularities in the 2 equinox months should be related to the equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs). In June, they appeared ~ 2–3 h later than those in equinoxes and drifted westward. The summer irregularities had weakest ROTI and their latitude was ~ 30 °N, much higher than those in equinoxes. In December, the irregularities were discrete patches with a longitudinal width of ~ 2 degrees and short lifetime of ~ 2 h. Unlike the equatorial irregularities in equinox months which are part of equatorial plasma bubbles, the solstice irregularities mainly appear to be a local phenomenon.
Graphical Abstract
A novel sustainable platform for scaled manufacturing of double-stranded RNA biopesticides
Authors: Nwokeoji Alison Obinna , Nwokeoji Eleojo Ahuva , Chou Tachung , Togola Abou 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRNA interference (RNAi) represents one of the most conserved pathways evolved by eukaryotic cells for regulating gene expression. RNAi utilises non-translatable double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecules to sequester or degrade mRNA molecules gene. In RNAi, specifically designed exogenous dsRNA delivered to the cell can silence a target gene, a phenomenon that has been exploited in many functional studies and explored in biopesticide applications. The search for safe and sustainable crop pest management options drives the need to offset the effect of inorganic pesticides on biodiversity. The prospect of replacing inorganic pesticides with dsRNA crop spray is gaining popularity, enhanced by its high-target specificity and low environmental impact. However, for dsRNA to reach the pesticide market, it must be produced cost-effectively and sustainably. In this paper, we develop a high-yield expression media that generates up to 15-fold dsRNA yield compared to existing expression media utilising 1 mM IPTG. We also optimise a low-cost purification method that generates high-quality and purified dsRNA. The developed method circumvents the need for hazardous chemical reagents often found in commercial kits or commercial nucleases to eliminate contaminating DNA or single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) species. We also demonstrate that the production platform is scalable, generating 6.29 mg dsRNA from 259 mg wet E. coli cell pellet. The results also provide structural insights into the heterogeneous dsRNA species within the microbial-derived dsRNA pool. Finally, we also show that the purified ‘naked’ dsRNA, without prior formulation, can induce insect toxicity under field conditions. This study provides a novel, complete, low-cost process dsRNA platform with potential for application in industrial dsRNA production.
Graphical Abstract
Genetic association of ANGPT2 with primary open-angle glaucoma
Authors: He Jing Na , Ng Tsz Kin , Lu Shi Yao , Tam Pancy Oi Sin , Chan Poemen P. , Tham Clement C. , Pang Chi Pui , Chen Li Jia , Chu Wai Kit 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
To determine the association of the ANGPT2 gene with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in Chinese.

Methods
Six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ANGPT2 (rs2515487, rs2922869, rs13255574, rs4455855, rs13269021, and rs11775442) were genotyped in a total of 2601 study subjects from two cohorts. One is a Hong Kong Chinese cohort of 484 high tension glaucoma (HTG) and 537 normal tension glaucoma (NTG) patients, and 496 non-glaucoma control subjects. Another cohort is a Shantou Chinese cohort of 403 HTG and 135 NTG patients, and 543 non-glaucoma control subjects. Subgroup analysis by sex was conducted. Outcomes from different cohorts were combined for meta-analysis.

Results
The association of SNP rs11775442 with NTG in the Hong Kong cohort [P = 0.0498, OR = 1.24, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00–1.55] after adjusting for age and sex did not reach statistical significance after Bonferroni correction. Other SNPs were not significantly associated with NTG, HTG and POAG in individual cohort or in the combined analyses (P > 0.05). In the subgroup analysis by sex, SNP rs13269021 in the Shantou cohort, but not in the Hong Kong cohort, was significantly associated with NTG in males (P = 0.0081, OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.14–2.43) but not in females (P = 0.874). In the combined analyses by sex, no SNPs were significantly associated with NTG, HTG and POAG.

Conclusions
In the subgroup analysis by sex, a significant association was shown in SNP rs13269021 with NTG in Shantou males, but not in Hong Kong males. Further studies are needed to verify the association between ANGPT2 locus (rs13269021) and NTG in Chinese males.