bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of older age in patients receiving atezolizumab and bevacizumab for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Vithayathil Mathew , D'Alessio Antonio , Fulgenzi Claudia A. M. , Nishida Naoshi , Schönlein Martin , von Felden Johann , Schulze Kornelius , Wege Henning , Saeed Anwaar , Wietharn Brooke , Hildebrand Hannah , Wu Linda , Ang Celina , Marron Thomas U. , Weinmann Arndt , Galle Peter R. , Bettinger Dominik , Bengsch Bertram , Vogel Arndt , Balcar Lorenz , Scheiner Bernhard , Lee Pei‐Chang , Huang Yi‐Hsiang , Amara Suneetha , Muzaffar Mahvish , Naqash Abdul Rafeh , Cammarota Antonella , Personeni Nicola , Pressiani Tiziana , Pinter Matthias , Cortellini Alessio , Kudo Masatoshi , Rimassa Lorenza , Pinato David J. , Sharma Rohini 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsCombination atezolizumab/bevacizumab is the gold standard for first‐line treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our study investigated the efficacy and safety of combination therapy in older patients with HCC.Methods191 consecutive patients from eight centres receiving atezolizumab and bevacizumab were included. Overall survival (OS), progression‐free survival (PFS), overall response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) defined by RECIST v1.1 were measured in older (age ≥ 65 years) and younger (age < 65 years) age patients. Treatment‐related adverse events (trAEs) were evaluated.ResultsThe elderly (n = 116) had higher rates of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (19.8% vs. 2.7%; p < .001), presenting with smaller tumours (6.2 cm vs 7.9 cm, p = .02) with less portal vein thrombosis (31.9 vs. 54.7%, p = .002), with fewer patients presenting with BCLC‐C stage disease (50.9 vs. 74.3%, p = .002). There was no significant difference in OS (median 14.9 vs. 15.1 months; HR 1.15, 95% CI 0.65–2.02 p = .63) and PFS (median 7.1 vs. 5.5 months; HR 1.11, 95% CI 0.54–1.92; p = .72) between older age and younger age. Older patients had similar ORR (27.6% vs. 20.0%; p = .27) and DCR (77.5% vs. 66.1%; p = .11) compared to younger patients. Atezolizumab‐related (40.5% vs. 48.0%; p = .31) and bevacizumab‐related (44.8% vs. 41.3%; p = .63) trAEs were comparable between groups. Rates of grade ≥3 trAEs and toxicity‐related treatment discontinuation were similar between older and younger age patients. Patients 75 years and older had similar survival and safety outcomes compared to younger patients.ConclusionsAtezolizumab and bevacizumab therapy is associated with comparable efficacy and tolerability in older age patients with unresectable HCC.
Pasture dragging fails to reliably suppress the emergence of horn flies (Haematobia irritans) and face flies (Musca autumnalis) from dung pats in aMid‐AtlanticNorth American climate
Authors: Smith Jason D. , Steiman Matthew W. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe beef industry endures major economic losses from a complex of flies that feed on bovine blood and mucus. For cattle on pasture, the most important of these pests are horn flies (Haematobia irritans[L.] [Diptera: Muscidae]) and face flies (Musca autumnalis[Diptera: Muscidae] De Geer). Pasture dragging to spread manure pats has been promoted as a management tactic for these species because their larvae inhabit bovine manure pats, but the efficacy of this practice has not been empirically validated. Spreading pats might promote fly mortality through desiccation or overheating, but these processes are weather‐dependent and warrant testing in disparate climates. We evaluated pasture dragging effects while monitoring for weather interactions throughout nine experiment rounds in summers of 2018 and 2020 in Pennsylvania, USA. The manure spreading treatments increased pat surface area up to 300% but failed to significantly reduce emergence of horn flies and face flies as compared to controls. In contrast, precipitation and temperature were significant predictors in fly emergence models. Surprisingly, face fly emergence was significantly elevated in dragged pats twice in 2020. These data call for a reevaluation of pasture dragging as a management technique for horn flies and face flies across a range of climates.
Antifungal susceptibility of the clinical and environmental strains of Cryptococcus gattii sensu lato in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Kuo‐Hsi , Lai Yi‐Chyi , Lin Yi‐Pei , Ho Mao‐Wang , Chen Yee‐Chun , Chung Wen‐Hsin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe rare occurrence of human cryptococcosis caused by Cryptococcus gattii sensu lato leads to difficulties in establishing the antifungal susceptibility profile between species of this potentially lethal pathogen, which may be crucial for treating cryptococcosis.ObjectiveTo establish an antifungal susceptibility profile of C. gattii s.l. in Taiwan.MethodsA total of 104 environmental C. gattii s.l. strains (including multilocal sequence typing ST7, ST106, ST274, ST328, ST546, ST548 and ST630) and 21 previously collected clinical strains (including ST7, ST44, ST06, ST274, ST328 and ST329) were included in this study. We determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of six antifungal agents (itraconazole, fluconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, flucytosine and amphotericin B) against environmental C. gattii s.l. strains and compared the antifungal susceptibility profiles of environmental strains with those of clinical strains.ResultsThe antifungal susceptibility data demonstrated that the MICs of antifungal agents against environmental strains were comparable to those against clinical strains. Compared with strains of Cryptococcus deuterogattii, those of C. gattii sensu stricto were more susceptible to azoles and flucytosine. The differences in antifungal susceptibility between the strains of each sequence type (ST) were significant. Correlation analysis of MICs revealed cross‐resistance between azoles in environmental strains of C. gattii s.l. Geographic differences in the antifungal susceptibility of C. gattii s.l. isolated from different cities in Taiwan were observed in this study.ConclusionClinical and environmental strains were indistinguishable in antifungal susceptibility. The antifungal susceptibility of C. gattii s.l. is associated with STs. Therefore, establishing an ST‐oriented domestic antifungal susceptibility database may help treat C. gattii s.l.‐induced cryptococcosis.
Treatment of the Candida subspecies Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis with two far‐UVC sources to minimise mycoses in clinical practice
Authors: Schleusener Johannes , Lohan Silke B. , Busch Loris , Ghoreschi Kamran , Ploch Neysha Lobo , May Stefanie , Vogel Simone , Eberle Jürgen , Meinke Martina C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFungal infections have increased considerably over the last decades, becoming progressively resistant to common drugs. UVC light has shown microbiological eradication effects, whereby the wavelength of 254 nm is strongly carcino‐ and mutagenic. Therefore, 222 and 233 nm, which do not significantly harm skin cells, were tested for their antifungal effects. Microbicidal doses were reached at 40 mJ/cm2 for both wavelengths, resulting in only minor superficial skin damage (<20 μm). UVC irradiation with far‐UVC <240 nm represents a new opportunity to effectively eradicate even larger pathogens on tissue causing no or strongly reduced DNA and tissue damage.
How does diversity affect public organizational performance? A meta‐analysis
Authors: Ding Fangda , Riccucci Norma M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractResearch in public administration examining the effects of diversity on public organizational performance has produced mixed results. However, the lack of a comprehensive theoretical framework has failed to provide an explanation for the mixed diversity effects. This study introduces a systematic analytical model, Categorization‐Elaboration Model (CEM), to help identify the contextual constructs which can promote the positive effects of diversity on public organizational performance. A meta‐analysis is conducted on 37 quantitative studies to test the empirical validity of a CEM constructed theoretical model with 253 effect sizes which will promote a better understanding of the circumstances or contexts that lead to the benefits of diversity within public sector organizations. The empirical results of meta‐regression point to the appropriate range of contextual factors which can alleviate the potential negative effects of diversity and promote its overall positive effects.
Transmission and distribution of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca in olive trees as a parameter for managing olive quick decline syndrome
Authors: dos Santos Beatriz de N. G. , Anguita‐Maeso Manuel , Coletta‐Filho Helvecio D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSystemic bacteria such as Xylella fastidiosa can be vertically transmitted by using diseased propagative material during nursery tree production. We tested the hypothesis that X. fastidiosa is not transmitted by symptomless olive tree sprouts. In addition, we investigated the distribution of bacteria in olive plants (different parts of canopy and root system) with initial leaf scorch symptoms and with symptoms spread throughout the canopy. In both studies, the presence of bacteria was tested by quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR). For the first hypothesis, sprouts from a symptomless olive tree were rooted and checked for X. fastidiosa infection 32 months later. A total of 57.7% (41 of 71) of rooted seedlings were positive for X. fastidiosa (Ct from 24.25 to 31.82) but only one plant had scorched leaves. Regarding the distribution of the bacteria in the diseased plants, results based on qPCR showed that X. fastidiosa was systemically distributed through the olive plant canopy (30% to 77% of sampled tissues, with Ct values from 19.56 to 31.59). Samples from trees showing symptoms of olive quick decline syndrome (OQDS), taken 3 m above the lateral branch with symptoms, were positive for the presence of X. fastidiosa, as was the root system. The results demonstrate that vegetative material from olive plants used for rooting must be carefully selected for the absence of X. fastidiosa. Also, based on the qPCR‐positive results, pruning may have a limited effect on eliminating the bacteria from diseased plants, even from the ones showing few OQDS symptoms.
What shapes the internet? An overview of social science and interdisciplinary perspectives
Authors: Hoebanx Pauline 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis overview of the social science and interdisciplinary research about the internet focuses on how social, political, and economic contexts affect the internet. Drawing on over 50 sources from 1964 to 2020 this paper categorizes the history of internet research into three periods: (1) the internet as a virtual reality, spanning from the 1990s to 2000; (2) the internet as a mirror of society, from 2000 to 2010; and (3) the privatized internet, from 2010 onwards. The internet of the first phase was a new—virtual—reality where geographical distances were abolished, and communities of strangers were coming together. Scholarship of the first phase was characterized by speculations about the future of the technology. The internet of the second phase, accessible to a broader public, also became a tool of surveillance for governments and corporations. Internet studies became more descriptive. The third phase was marked by the widespread use of proprietary algorithms to collect user data. Scholars of the third phase raised concerns about highly privatized digital landscapes. Far from agreeing with early dystopian scholarship about the internet, contemporary scholarship offers a nuanced understanding of the relationship between the internet and its political, economic, and social contexts.
Red blood cell alloimmunization and other transfusion‐related complications in patients with transfusion‐dependent thalassemia: A multi‐center study in Thailand
Authors: Teawtrakul Nattiya , Songdej Duantida , Hantaweepant Chattree , Tantiworawit Adisak , Lauhasurayotin Supanun , Torcharus Kitti , Sripornsawan Pornpun , Sutcharitchan Pranee , Surapolchai Pacharapan , Komvilaisak Patcharee , Saengboon Supawee , Pongtanakul Bunchoo , Charoenkwan Pimlak ,   Red Blood Cell Disorders Study Group
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThalassemia is a common genetic disease in Southeast Asia. Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is an essential treatment for severe forms of thalassemia. We performed a study to demonstrate RBC alloimmunization and other transfusion‐related complications in patients with transfusion‐dependent thalassemia (TDT).Study Design and MethodsA multi‐center web‐based registry of TDT was conducted in eight medical centers across Thailand. Thalassemia information, transfusion therapy, and transfusion‐related complications were collected. Factors associated with each complication were demonstrated using the logistic regression analysis.ResultsOf 1000 patients recruited for the study, 449 were males (44.9%). The mean age was 23.9 ± 15.4 years. The majority of patients, 738 (73.8%) had hemoglobin E/beta‐thalassemia. In the study, 421 transfusion‐related complications were reported from 357 patients (35.7%). Alloimmunization was the most common complication which was found in 156 patients (15.6%) with 284 positive antibody tests. The most frequent antibodies against RBC were anti‐E (80/284, 28.2%) followed by anti‐Mia (45/284, 15.8%) and anti‐c (32/284, 11.3%). Age ≥3 years at initial blood transfusion, splenomegaly, higher frequencies, and volumes of transfusion were significant factors associated with alloimmunization. None of the patients had to terminate blood transfusion due to multiple alloantibodies. Other commonly seen complications were allergic reactions (130, 13.0%), autoimmune hemolytic anemia (70, 7.0%) and febrile non‐hemolytic transfusion reaction (54, 5.4%).ConclusionsTransfusion‐related complications, especially alloimmunization, were common among Thai patients with TDT. Extended RBC antigen‐matching for the Rh system and Mia should be implemented to prevent the development of alloantibodies in multi‐transfused patients.
Psychometric properties of the Organizational Culture and Readiness Scale for System‐Wide Integration of Evidence‐Based Practice
Authors: Melnyk Bernadette Mazurek , Hsieh Andreanna Pavan , Mu Jinjian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatient safety metrics declined due to COVID‐19‐related strains placed on hospitals and hospital systems. Because evidence‐based practice (EBP) can improve patient outcomes and quality of care and empower clinicians, a renewed focus on organizational EBP culture is needed. The Advancing Research and Clinical practice through close Collaboration (ARCC©) Model describes how to use a system‐wide approach to advance and sustain EBP in hospital systems to improve outcomes. EBP culture is a key variable that directly impacts EBP knowledge, beliefs, competency, and implementation. The ARCC© Model uses the Organizational Culture and Readiness Scale for System‐Wide Integration of Evidence‐Based Practice (OCRSIEP) to identify organizational characteristics that influence clinician and patient outcomes. Although the scale has been reported to have excellent reliability, a comprehensive psychometric analysis has yet to be performed that confirms its construct validity.AimsThe aim of this study was to describe the OCRSIEP's construct validity and reliability via an in‐depth psychometric analysis.MethodsOCRSIEP assessment data were obtained from a prior national study with 2344 nurses from 19 hospitals and healthcare systems. Descriptive statistics summarized the sample and distributions of the 25 scale items. Construct validity was assessed via exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Cronbach's alpha assessed reliability.ResultsA one‐factor model was supported by EFA with item Q17b excluded (i.e., to what extent are decisions generated from upper administration). Model fit indices for CFA indicated a good fit (CFI = 0.978, TLI = 0.973, RMSEA = 0.077, SRMR = 0.027). Cronbach's alpha was 0.96 for all items and 0.97 with item Q17b excluded, both indicating outstanding internal consistency.Linking Evidence to ActionThe OCRSIEP is valid and reliable and can be used to assess EBP culture and readiness in hospitals and healthcare systems at the organizational level.
Analogue gravity simulation of superpositions of spacetimes
Authors: Barceló Carlos , Garay Luis J. , García-Moreno Gerardo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTaking the principles of quantum mechanics as they stand and applying them to gravity, leads to the conclusion that one might be able to generate superpositions of spacetimes, at least formally. We analyze such a possibility from an analogue gravity perspective. We present an analogue toy model consisting of a Bose–Einstein condensate in a double-well potential and identify the states that could potentially be interpreted as superposition of effective spacetimes. These states are unstable and the source of instability from a microscopic point of view can be related to the absence of a well-defined causal structure in the effective geometric description. We explore the consequences of these instabilities and argue that they resonate with Penrose’s ideas about the decay that superpositions of states with sufficiently different gravitational fields associated should experience.
Differences of Clinicopathological Features between Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma and Nonspecific Invasive Breast Carcinoma and Prognostic Profile of Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma
Authors: Qiu Yue , Chen Yuhui , Zhu Li , Chen Hongye , Dai Yongjing , Bao Baoshi , Tian Lin , Hao Xiaopeng , Wang Jiandong 
Published: August 2022

Introduction. Metaplastic breast carcinoma is a rare special type of breast cancer, which has distinguished clinical characteristics. We aimed to evaluate the clinicopathological features of metaplastic breast carcinoma compared with nonspecific invasive breast carcinoma and study the prognosis of metaplastic breast carcinoma. Methods. We reviewed metaplastic breast carcinoma cases (n = 37) from January 2000 to December 2021 and nonspecific invasive breast carcinoma cases (n = 433) from January 2019 to December 2020 extracted from our institution retrospectively. The following variables were recorded, including the patients’ general information, complications, T stage, expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, Ki-67, molecular subtyping, lymph node status, skin or chest wall involvement, vessel carcinoma embolus, therapy modality (surgical treatments, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy), and survival. Results. Patients with metaplastic breast carcinoma had more advanced disease than patients with nonspecific invasive breast carcinoma (T stage:

P
=
0.0011

). A greater proportion of metaplastic breast carcinoma presented with triple-negative breast cancer than nonspecific invasive breast carcinoma (79.41% vs. 12.47%,

P
≤
0.001

). Our study showed that the skin or chest wall invasion was more frequent in metaplastic breast carcinoma patients (11.76% vs. 1.62%,

P
=
0.005

). The 5-year survival rate for metaplastic breast carcinoma patients was 57.66% (95% CI: 0.3195∼0.7667). No local recurrence was observed while distant metastasis occurred in 33.33% of patients with metaplastic breast carcinoma. Death due to disease occurred in 24.24% of patients with metaplastic breast carcinoma. Conclusion. The majority of metaplastic breast carcinoma patients had more advanced disease and triple-negative disease than nonspecific invasive breast carcinoma patients. Also, metaplastic breast carcinoma patients had frequent skin or chest wall invasion and a high rate of distant metastasis and mortality.
The Grammar and Logic of Oneness and Number at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century
Authors: Martin Christopher J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The study of the interdependence of grammar and logic at the beginning of the twelfth century is a difficult subject and progress here has been slow. With the recent publication of the Notae Dunelmenses, however, we are now able to see rather more clearly how closely the two disciplines were bound to one another. The following article draws upon this newly published material and on unpublished material from contemporary commentaries on Aristotle’s Categories to investigate how the grammarians’ account of number was reconciled with that given by Aristotle. It considers in particular the problem of the meaning of numerical terms such as ‘pair’ (binarius) and of collective names such as ‘people’ (populus) and how attempting to solve it shaped thinking about the metaphysics of number.
Abelard on Eternal Truths
Authors: Donato Enrico 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article reconstructs Abelard’s account of eternal truths as it is presented in the Dialectica, in the so-called Sententiae Parisienses, and in the Theologia “Scholarium.” It first shows how in the Dialectica Abelard had to transform the traditional account of topical inferences in order to make sense of the idea that true conditional propositions express eternal truths. It clarifies Abelard’s claim that eternal truths are grounded on the “nature of things” and explains why Abelard thought that these truths hold even when there are no things. The article then considers Abelard’s reply to an objection according to which eternal truths have in fact been false in the past. It examines Abelard’s mature views on eternal truths as we find them in the Sententiae Parisienses and Theologia “Scholarium.” Here, Abelard grants the status of eternal truth also to what is expressed by contingently true categorical propositions. These truths are grounded on the “events of things” that exist eternally as the proposition-like objects of God’s will and foreknowledge.
Globalization and the “Hellenization” of Jews in the Second Temple Period
Authors: Wright Benjamin G. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The phrase “Hellenistic Judaism” often assumes an underlying picture of the relationship between “Judaism” and “Hellenism” as self-contained cultural containers. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, Philip Alexander, Gregory Sterling, and Erich Gruen argued against such an assumption, and their work moved towards developing theories of globalization, which regard cultures as porous and dynamic. Beginning from the insights of these three scholars, I argue that globalization theory has advantages for the study of Jews in the Hellenistic Mediterranean oikoumenē, which moves beyond static notions of Judaism and Hellenism and prompts questions of whether Hellenization works as an analytical category. In order to illustrate the case, I examine three Jewish writers—the author of the Letter of Aristeas, the sage Joshua Ben Sira, and his translator/grandson—and how their knowledge and use of Greek language and sources demonstrates both the homogenizing and disjunctive aspects of globalization in the Hellenistic period.
The Fosen Case and the Protection of Sámi Culture in Norway Pursuant to Article 27 iccpr
Authors: Ravna Øyvind 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights has been a part of Norwegian law since 1999. It has, however, been of greater importance in the political sphere than in the courts. In the fall of 2021, the Supreme Court of ruled that the construction of two wind power plants were violating the rights of Indigenous Sámi reindeer herders pursuant to the Article 27 iccpr. In the presentation, the Supreme Court’s use of Article 27 is analysed in order to determine its impact on protecting Indigenous rights in Norway, including where the threshold for violation lays when interference in Sámi reindeer husbandry areas take place.