bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myxoid degenerated giant rectal schwannoma masquerading as tailgut cyst: A rare case report
Authors: L Harilal S , Raja Kalayarasan , Srini B H , Pottakkat Biju , Gnanasekaran Senthil 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundColorectal schwannomas are rare tumors often detected incidentally and frequently misdiagnosed on preoperative evaluation. They can grow to a large size and create a significant mass effect. A rare case of large rectal Schwannomas mimicking tailgut cyst and managed by a laparoscopic approach is described in the present report.Case A 48- year-old gentleman presented with urinary retention and constipation. Examination revealed an ill-defined hard mass in the left iliac fossa extending to the pelvis. Imaging revealed an 18x12x 9 cm cystic lesion suggestive of a tailgut cyst. The patient underwent Hand-assisted laparoscopic excision of the lesion. The tumor showed spindle cells with myxoid degeneration on microscopic examination and S-100 positivity in immunohistochemistry suggestive of Schwannoma. His postoperative course was uneventful, and there is no evidence of tumor recurrence at eight months of follow-up.ConclusionRectal Schwannoma with myxoid degeneration can mimic tailgut cyst and pose a diagnostic challenge Hand-assisted laparoscopic approach is feasible for excision of large rectal schwannomas.
Research on Multi-Context-Aware Recommendation Methods Based on Tensor Factorization
Authors: Cheng Shulin , Jiang Huimin , Wang Wanyan , Jiang Wei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Compared with the traditional recommender systems, context-aware recommender systems are more in line with actual application contexts. However, the existing researches are mostly focused on single context-aware recommendation, such as time-aware recommendation or location-aware recommendation, and lack of in-depth research on multi-context-aware recommendation. Therefore, we proposed a recommendation method of high-order tensor factorization based on multi-context-aware. Firstly, on the basis of analyzing the influence of context on users' interest preferences, the sensitivity of users to multiple contexts was detected by using statistical methods. For context-sensitive users, four-dimensional tensors and feature matrices used to solve data sparsity were constructed based on rating matrix and situational information. And then the stochastic gradient descent algorithm was used for iterative calculation to fill in missing data values and carry out parameter optimization. For context-insensitive users, we used matrix factorization to predict users' interest preferences. Finally, we tested and validated our method on a multi-context-aware movie dataset, and the experimental results show that the proposed method could effectively reduce the prediction error and improve the recommendation quality.
Less is more: Repellent-treated fabric strips as a substitute for full screening of open eave gaps for indoor and outdoor protection from malaria mosquito bites
Authors: Njoroge Margaret Mendi , Hiscox Alexandra , Saddler Adam , Takken Willem , Loon Joop J.A. , Fillinger Ulrike 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Providing protection from malaria vector bites, both indoors and outdoors, is crucial to curbing malaria parasite transmission. Screening of house entry points, especially with incorporated insecticides, confers significant protection but remains a costly and labour-intensive application. Use of spatial repellents has shown promise in creating areas of protection in peri-domestic areas. Methods: This study aimed at comparing the protection provided by transfluthrin-treated and untreated, complete screens over open eave gaps with incomplete transfluthrin-treated eave strips as a potential replacement for a full screen. Human landing catches were implemented independently inside and outside an experimental hut under controlled semi-field conditions, with insectary-reared Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes Results: The odds of a female mosquito finding a human volunteer indoors and attempting to bite was similar whether the eaves were completely open, or when there was an untreated fabric strip fixed around the eaves. However, when the eave gap was completely screened without insecticide, the odds of receiving a bite indoors was reduced by 70% (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.20-0.47). Adding transfluthrin to the full screen, further increased the protection indoors, with the odds of receiving a bite reduced by 92% (0.08, 95% CI 0.04-0.16) when compared to the untreated screen. Importantly, the same protection was conferred when only a narrow transfluthrin-treated fabric strip was loosely fixed around the eave gap (OR 0.07, 95% CI 0.04-0.13). The impact of the transfluthrin treatment on outdoor-biting was correlated with evening temperatures during the experiments. At lower evening temperatures, a transfluthrin-treated, complete screen provided moderate and variable protection from bites (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.37-1.03), whilst at higher evening temperatures the odds of receiving a bite outdoors was over 4 times lower in the presence of transfluthrin, either on a full screen (OR 0.22 95% 0.12-0.38) or on a fabric strip (OR 0.25, 95% 0.15-0.42) than when no treatment was present..Conclusion: The findings suggest that transfluthrin-treated fabric strips can provide a substitute for complete eave screens. They are a simple, easy to handle tool for protecting people from malaria mosquito bites indoors and potentially around the house in climatic areas where evening and night-time temperatures are relatively high.
The Concentration and Persistence of Medical Expenses among Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults: Findings from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey
Authors: Jiang Luyan , Qiu Qianqian , Zhu Lin , Wang Zhonghua 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Medical expenses, especially among middle-aged and elderly people, have increased in China over recent decades. While the concentration and persistence of medical expenses have attracted great attention, few studies have focused on Chinese residents or vulnerable groups. This study sought to identify characteristics associated with the concentration of medical expenses and estimate their persistence among Chinese middle-aged and elderly adults.
Methods
Data was obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, a nationally representative household survey of middle-aged and elderly adults that was conducted by the National School of Development at Peking University in 2013, 2015, and 2018. Concentration was measured using the cumulative percentages of ranked annual medical expenses and descriptive statistics were used to define the characteristics of individuals with high medical expenses. The persistence of medical expenses and associated factors were estimated using transfer rate calculations and Heckman selection modeling.
Results
Total medical expenses were concentrated among a few middle-aged and elderly adults and the concentration increased over time. Compared with middle-aged and elderly adults in the lower 90% medical expense group, those in the top 10% high medical expense group were more likely to be older, live in urban areas, be less wealthy, have chronic diseases, and attend higher-ranking medical institutions. High medical expenses demonstrated strong persistence. Lagged medical expenses had a persistent positive effect on the incidence and volume of current medical expenses and the effect of a one-period lag was strongest. Individuals with chronic diseases during the lagged period had a higher likelihood of experiencing persistent medical expenses. Factors such as age ≥75 years, income, health insurance, comorbidities, and receiving a higher number of medical services were significant positive contributors to higher medical expenses.
Conclusion
Policy efforts should focus on preventive management and optimizing the allocation of health resources to reduce high medical expenses and inequitable access to health services among middle-aged and elderly individuals in China. The government should establish a more efficient care system and adjust social health insurance policies to alleviate the long-term financial healthcare burden.
Silver Nanoparticles mediated-marine Fungal Amylase improving Dicentrarchus labrax larvae growth performance
Authors: Barakat Khouloud M. , Abouelwafa Ahmed , El-Sayed Heba S. , Beltagy Ehab A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background Biosynthesis of nanoparticles has fueled using materials to produce different metallic nanoforms for aquaculture applications. This study investigates the capability of marine Aspergillus flavus amylase (Amy) to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and studied its impact on Dicentrarchus labrax (sea bass) larvae growth performance. Characterization of Amy-AgNPs was carried out by FTIR, UV–Vis’s spectroscopy and SEM. The effect of Amy-AgNPs for antimicrobial and antioxidant were studied.Results The colloidal brown color of Amy-AgNPs with FTIR analysis indicated that amylases were responsible for the capping of the nanoparticles and made it more stable. Spherical Amy-AgNPs had size of 22.88 to 26.35 nm. Significantly, Amy-AgNPs inhibited the growth of fish tested microbes by maximum zone of inhibition 13-20 mm and maximum MICs ranged from 1.6 to 6.3 µg/ml. Also, it acted as scavenged DPPH by 31.46 to 94.0 %. Sea bass larval morphometric measurements including: mean total length (TL), width (W), total weight (TW), larvae survival percentage (%) and specific growth rate (SGR) were recorded, compared to the control group using different concentrations (1, 5, 10, 20%) of encapsulated Amy-AgNPs during larval feeding regime for a period of four weeks. The results revealed that 5% Amy-AgNPs was significantly the most effective concentration at P < 0.05 that achieved higher survival percentages; 51±2.8% and increasing the specific growth rate by 16.23±0.62%. Conclusion This work concluded the effectiveness of marine fungal amylase to synthesize AgNPs, and it is the first record using Amy-AgNPs to reduce the fish larval mortality by protecting and improving its performance.
Causal relationships between gout and hypertension: a bidirectional Mendelian randomisation study with coarsened exposures
Authors: Lai Benjamin , Yu Huang-Ping , Chang Yu-Jing , Wang Liang-Chin , Chen Che-Kai , Zhang Weiya , Doherty Michael , Chang Shang-Hung , Hsu Jun-Te , Yu Kuang-Hui , Kuo Chang-Fu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objectives Observational studies have demonstrated associations between gout and hypertension, but whether they are causal remains unclear. Our work aims to determine the causal relationship between gout and hypertension.Methods We obtained genetic information from the Taiwan Biobank including 88347 participants and 686439 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). A novel model of Mendelian randomisation (MR) with coarsened exposures was used to examine the causality between liability of gout on hypertension and vice versa using 9 SNPs associated with gout and 16 SNPs associated with hypertension. The binary exposure (gout/hypertension) was visualized as a coarsened approximation of a latent continuous trait. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) and polygenic risk score (PRS) methods were used to estimate effect size. The analysis was performed with and without adjustments for covariates.Results Of the 88,347 participants, 3,253 (3.68%) had gout and 11,948 (13.52%) had hypertension (men, 31.9%; mean age 51.1 [SD, 11.1] years). In unadjusted models, MR analysis showed significant positive causal effect of gout on hypertension in both the IVW method (relative risk [RR], 1.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05–1.20; p = 4 ´ 10-4) and the PRS method (RR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.03–1.21; p = 0.0063). The direction and effect size were similar before and after covariate adjustment. The causal effect of hypertension on gout was not statistically significant.Conclusions In this study, we showed that gout has a causal effect on hypertension, but hypertension does not have a causal effect on gout. Adequate management of gout may reduce the risk of developing hypertension.
Structural and functional brain changes in patients with classic trigeminal neuralgia: A combination of voxel-based morphometry and resting-state functional MRI study
Authors: Liu Hao , Hou Haiman , Li Fangfang , Zheng Ruiping , Zhang Yong , Cheng Jingliang , Han Shaoqiang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Brain structural and functional abnormalities have been separately reported in patients with classic trigeminal neuralgia (CTN). However, whether and how the functional deficits are related to the structural alterations remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the anatomical and functional deficits in CTN patients and explore their association.
Methods
Thirty-four CTN patients and twenty-nine age-, gender-matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. All subjects underwent structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning and neuropsychological assessments. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was applied to characterize the alterations of gray matter volume (GMV). The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) method was used to evaluate regional intrinsic spontaneous neural activity. Further correlation analyses were performed between the structural and functional changes and neuropsychological assessments.
Results
Compared to the HCs, significantly reduced GMV was revealed in the right hippocampus, right fusiform gyrus (FFG), temporal-parietal regions (the left superior/middle temporal gyrus, left operculo-insular gyrus, left inferior parietal lobule, right inferior temporal gyrus) in CTN patients. Increased functional activity measured by ALFF were observed mainly in the limbic system (the bilateral hippocampus and bilateral parahippocampal gyrus), bilateral fusiform gyrus, basal ganglia system (the bilateral putamen, bilateral caudate, and right pallidum), left thalamus, left cerebellum, midbrain, and pons. Moreover, the right hippocampus and FFG were the overlapped regions with both functional and anatomical deficits. Furthermore, GMV in the right hippocampus was negatively correlated with pain intensity, anxiety, and depression. GMV in the right FFG was negatively correlated with illness duration. The ALFF value in the right FFG was positively correlated with anxiety.
Conclusion
Our results revealed concurrent structural and functional changes in CTN patients, indicating that the CTN is a brain disorder with structural and functional abnormalities. Moreover, the overlapping structural and functional changes in the right hippocampus and FFG suggested that anatomical and functional changes might alter dependently in CTN patients. These findings highlight the vital role of hippocampus and FFG in the pathophysiology of CTN.
Roxadustat activates thyroid hormone receptors α and β at clinically relevant concentrations
Authors: Morita Koji , Uchino Takuya , Edo Naoki , Uno Kenji , Tsukamoto Kazuhisa , Ishikawa Toshio 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
A few previous basic and clinical reports implied that roxadustat, a drug recently approved for treating renal anemia, might activate thyroid hormone receptors (TRα and TRβ). We thus investigated the direct effects of roxadustat on intact TRα and TRβ in vitro.
Methods
U2OS, MCF-7, COS-7 and Caco-2 cells were transiently transfected with a firefly luciferase reporter plasmid highly responsive to activation of TRα and TRβ, along with a plasmid overexpressing either TRα or TRβ. Transfected cells were incubated for 3 h in 100% thyroid hormone-stripped fetal bovine serum (FBS) with or without either roxadustat or triiodothyronine (T3). Also, transfected U2OS cells were placed for 3 h in 100% unprocessed normal adult human serum with or without the addition of either roxadustat or T3. Cell lysates were measured for firefly luciferase activities.
Results
Roxadustat induced firefly luciferase activities when added at clinically achievable serum concentrations in TRα- or TRβ-transfected U2OS, MCF-7, COS-7 and Caco-2 cells placed in thyroid hormone-deprived FBS. The induction was comparable to or greater than that observed with T3 added at normal or even supranormal serum concentrations. Roxadustat also increased firefly luciferase activities in TRα- or TRβ-transfected U2OS cells in adult human serum.
Conclusions
Roxadustat does activate TRα and TRβ at clinically relevant concentrations. Physicians prescribing roxadustat should be aware of its thyromimetic activity.
Quality Assessment of Screen Content Images Based on Convolutional Neural Network Considering Binocular Visual Mechanism
Authors: Chang Yongli , Li Sumei , Liu Anqi , Jin Jie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a dual-pathway convolutional neural network (CNN) considering binocular visual mechanism is proposed to simulate the perceiving characteristics from binocular vision. Because the different sensitivity of retinal photoreceptor cells to RGB colors and the characteristics of human visual attention are more important in binocular vision mechanism, an attention module is used to weight the RGB channels and theirs patial position on each channel. Meanwhile, considering that 3D convolution can learn inter-frame information well, we use 3D convolution to extract the correlation features between RGB channels. Furthermore,considering the importance of optic chiasm in human visual system (HVS), a new cross-method is design to simulate the optic chiasm. Besides, since the characteristics of multi-scale and multi-level are indispensable to perception of any objects, a new multi-scale and multi-level feature fusion (MSMLFF) module is constructed to extract the perceptual features at different scales andlevels. The experimental results illustrate that the proposed method outperforms several state-of-the-art SCIs quality assessment methods.
Differences in the microbiota of oral rinse, lesion, and normal site samples from patients with mucosal abnormalities on the tongue
Authors: Shitozawa Yawaka , Haro Kaoru , Ogawa Midori , Miyawaki Akihiko , Saito Mitsumasa , Fukuda Kazumasa 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The oral microbiota associated with mucosal diseases, including oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral potentially malignant disorders, have been extensively analyzed at the phylum and genus levels. However, the details of the oral microbiota remain unclear at the species and operational taxonomic unit (OTU) levels. We aimed to determine differences in the microbiota of oral rinse, lesion, and normal site samples of patients with mucosal abnormalities on the tongues. Oral samples were obtained from 10 patients with oral mucosal abnormalities. Alpha and beta diversity at the OTU and genus levels of the microbiota samples were analyzed using OTUs clustered with 99.6% similarity based on 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained using the Sanger method. At the OTU level, the microbiota of the lesions were the least diverse but were different from those of the normal site and oral rinse samples. The OTUs corresponding to Streptococcus infantis, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, and Prevotella scopos were suggested to contribute to the differences between the microbiota of the lesions and normal sites. At the genus level, no significant differences between these microbiota were observed. In conclusion, strict OTU-level microbiota analysis might be able to discriminate lesions from normal sites of patients with mucosal abnormalities.
Specific detection of Tirmania pinoyi in roots of artificially infected several perennial Cistaceae by Nested-PCR
Authors: Sheibani Masoud , Jamali Samad 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Truffle farming does not exist in Iran, and no formal studies have been conducted on its culture. For commercial production of Tirmania pinoyi, it is necessary to accurate detection of it in the roots of the host plants. In this study, for the first time, mycorrhizal association of T. pinoyi with several perennial Cistaceae including Helianthemum lippii, H. almeriense, Cistus albidus, and Cistua ladanifer were investigated. In all plant species inoculated with Tirmania pinoyi, an ectendomycorrhizal association with varying degrees of sheath development was observed. Our results shows that H. lippii is suitable plant host for Tirmania pinoyi, and mycorrhization rate and the relative mycorrhizal dependency (RMD) in this native plant was about 90% and 57.85%, respectively, and higher than the other three plant species. The effect of the mycorrhizal fungus on host growth (root weight, root height, shoot weight, shoot height, plant height, and plant weight) was statistically significant compared to non-inoculated plants. To detect the roots colonized by T. pinoyi, a PCR based diagnostic method was developed with the species-specific primer pairs FTiPi and RTiPi designed from the sequence of the internal transcribed space regions (ITS1 and ITS2). The specificity of the primers was verified by PCR analysis of DNA from T. pinoyi specimens and other desert truffles. The method detected T. pinoyi in artificialy infected root plants, and no cross-reactions were observed with any other tested desert truffles. This species-specific PCR method is suitable for quick, simple, and reliable detection of T. pinoyi mycorrhizas.
Integrated Photonic SWAP Gates for Qudits and Qubit Registers
Authors: Ehrhardt Max , Tschernig Konrad , Heinrich Matthias , Guzmán-Silva Diego , Christodoulides Demetrios , Busch Kurt , Szameit Alexander , Perez-Leija Armando 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Advances in quantum information science are closely related to our ability to prepare, manipulate, and measure the states of multiple quantum bits (qubits). To this end, quantum gates are the key components by which specific operations over individual and multiple qubits are implemented. In the context of quantum optics, qubits can be encoded in any degree of freedom of a multi-photon state, e.g. polarization, frequency or spatial configuration. The faithful reciprocal exchange of information between two qubits, a so-called SWAP, is one of the fundamental operations that underpin modern quantum architectures. Here, we present a novel method realizing multiple-qubit SWAP operations over several qubits, without relying on any other gates, in an integrated-photonic setting. In principle, our approach allows for the implementation of SWAP operations with unity efficiency regardless of the number of involved qubits. Further, we discuss how this approach can be applied to qudits. Our findings provide a powerful new functional element for the design of compact quantum-photonic circuitry.
Switching from a continuous to discontinuous phase transition under the quenched disorder.
Authors: Nowak Bartlomiej , Sznajd-Weron Katarzyna 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Discontinuous phase transitions occurs to be particularly interesting from a social point of view because of their relationship to social hysteresis and critical mass. In this paper, we show that the replacement of a time-varying (annealed, situation-based) disorder by a static (quenched, personality-based) one can lead to a change from a continuous to a discontinuous phase transition. This is a result beyond the state of art, because so far numerous studies on various complex systems (physical, biological and social) have indicated that the quenched disorder can round or destroy the existence of a discontinuous phase transition. To show the possibility of the opposite behavior, we study a multistate q-voter model, with two types of disorder related to random competing interactions (conformity and anticonformity). We confirm, both analytically and through Monte Carlo simulations, that indeed discontinuous phase transitions can be induced by a static disorder.