bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of inherited structural highs on the structure and kinematics of the South Dezful Embayment, SW Iran
Authors: Shamszadeh Aref , Sarkarinejad Khalil , Ferrer Oriol , Mukherjee Soumyajit , Seraj Mohammad 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the structural evolution of the South Dezful Embayment (SDE) in the Zagros Fold-and-Thrust Belt (ZFTB) is significant for hydrocarbon exploration and production. The structural evolution of this area has been controlled by the reactivation of basement structures related to the oblique convergence along the ZFTB. In this work, we study the effect of the pre-contractional interaction between the basement step and overlaid salt layer superimposed by the Zagros shortening on the structural style and evolution of the sedimentary basin in the SDE. We use multidisciplinary approaches involving surface and subsurface data and analogue models. Disharmonic folds with small wavelength formed over the Kharg-Mish Palaeo-high (KMPH) where the sedimentary cover is thinner. On the other hand, faulted detachment folds with large wavelengths developed in the adjacent depocenters. Furthermore, the KMPH affected the geometry and kinematics of the frontal part of the Zagros Belt, which is characterized by the Mountain Front Flexure (MFF) topographic step. Long-lasting active deformation of the sedimentary cover over the frontal ramp of the KMPH developed the South Izeh Promontory (SIP). Localized contraction in the SIP was accommodated temporally by trishear fault-propagation folding and resulted in > 5 km elevation difference between this promontory and two adjacent local basins. Supporting scaled analogue models show that structural evolution, folding and along-strike variations in fold style of the SDE have been controlled by thickness variations of the sedimentary cover and the geometry of the inherited pre-salt structure. Based on the results of this study, the effect of inherited structural highs on the structure and kinematics of the SDE provide important insights for hydrocarbon entrapment, migration and exploration.
Economic evaluation of genomic/genetic tests: a review and future directions
Authors: Bouttell Janet , Heggie Robert , Oien Karin , Romaniuk Amy , VanSteenhouse Harper , von Delft Stephan , Hawkins Neil 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
It has been suggested that health economists need to improve their methods in order to meet the challenges of evaluating genomic/genetic tests. In this article, we set out twelve challenges identified from a rapid review of the literature and suggest solutions to the challenges identified. Two challenges were common to all economic evaluations: choice of perspective and time-horizon. Five challenges were relevant for all diagnostic technologies: complexity of analysis; range of costs; under-developed evidence base; behavioral aspects; and choice of outcome metrics. The final five challenges were pertinent for genomic tests and only these may require methodological development: heterogeneity of tests and platforms, increasing stratification, capturing personal utility; incidental findings; and spillover effects. Current methods of economic evaluation are generally able to cope with genomic/genetic tests, although a renewed focus on specific decision-makers’ needs and a willingness to move away from cost-utility analysis may be required. Certain analysts may be constrained by reference cases developed primarily for the assessment of pharmaceuticals. The combined impact of multiple challenges may require analysts to be particularly careful in setting the scope of their analysis in order to ensure that feasibility is balanced with usefulness to the decision maker. A key issue is the under-developed evidence-base and it may be necessary to rethink translation processes to ensure sufficient, relevant evidence is available to support economic evaluation and adoption of genomic/genetic tests.
Rescue high-frequency oscillatory ventilation combined with intermittent mandatory ventilation for infants with acute respiratory distress syndrome after congenital heart surgery
Authors: Zheng Yi-Rong , Lin Shi-Hao , Chen Yu-Kun , Cao Hua , Chen Qiang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground:This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of high-frequency oscillation ventilation combined with intermittent mandatory ventilation in infants with acute respiratory distress syndrome after congenital heart surgery.Methods:We retrospectively analysed the clinical data of 32 infants who were ventilated due to acute respiratory distress syndrome after congenital heart surgery between January, 2020 and January, 2022. We adopted high-frequency oscillation ventilation combined with intermittent mandatory ventilation as the rescue ventilation mode for infants who were failing conventional mechanical ventilation.Results:After rescue high-frequency oscillation ventilation combined with intermittent mandatory ventilation, the dynamic compliance (Cdyn), PaO2 and PaO2/FiO2 ratio of the infants improved compared with conventional mechanical ventilation (p < 0.05). Moreover, high-frequency oscillation ventilation combined with intermittent mandatory ventilation resulted in a significant decrease in arterial-alveolar oxygen difference (AaDO2), FiO2, and oxygenation index (p < 0.05). No significant effect on haemodynamic parameters was observed. Moreover, no serious complications occurred in the two groups.Conclusion:Rescue high-frequency oscillation ventilation combined with intermittent mandatory ventilation significantly improved oxygenation in infants who failed conventional mechanical ventilation for acute respiratory distress syndrome after congenital heart surgery. Thus, this strategy is considered safe and feasible. However, further studies must be conducted to confirm the efficacy and safety of high-frequency oscillation ventilation combined with intermittent mandatory ventilation as a rescue perioperative respiratory support strategy for CHD.
End-of-life dreams and visions: A systematic integrative review
Authors: Hession Alison , Luckett Tim , Chang Sungwon , Currow David , Barbato Michael 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesEnd-of-life dreams and visions (ELDVs) have been reported throughout history. We aimed to synthesize the research literature on ELDVs to determine the proportions of patients, bereaved families, healthcare professionals, and volunteers reporting ELDVs; ELDV content, timing, and interpretation; and any evidence-based approaches to ELDV-related care.MethodsA systematic review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD4021282929). CINAHL, Medline, Embase, Emcare, and APA PsycInfo were searched for peer-reviewed English language articles reporting qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods studies that explored reports of ELDVs by patients, bereaved families, healthcare professionals, or volunteers. Synthesis used both meta-analysis and a narrative approach.ResultsOf 2,045 papers identified by searches, 22 were included, describing 18 studies in a variety of settings. Meta-analyses indicated that 77% (95% confidence intervals [CIs] 69–84%) of patients (n = 119) reported an ELDV compared with 32% (95% CIs 21–44%) of bereaved relatives (n = 2,444) and that 80% (95% CIs 59–94%) of healthcare professionals (n = 171) reported either witnessing or being told of an ELDV in the preceding 5 years. Studies of volunteers reported 34% (95% CIs 20–48%) (n = 45) either witnessing or being told of an ELDV over their entire period of service, with 49% of volunteers (95% CIs 33–64%) (n = 39) reporting events occurring in the preceding year. ELDVs reported by patients, bereaved families, healthcare professionals, and volunteers were perceived as being a source of comfort. Healthcare professionals and volunteers expressed a need for further education on how to support patients experiencing ELDVs and their families.Significance of resultsELDVs are experienced by the majority of dying patients and need consideration in delivering holistic end-of-life care. Little if any research has been conducted in acute care facilities.
Can farmers' participation in contract farming promote the application of organic fertilizer? Empirical evidence from a sample of vegetable farmers in Shandong province of China
Authors: Gao Yang , Yao Xue , Chen Chen , Niu Ziheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDetermining an effective approach to replacing chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer is a difficult challenge for the Chinese government. This paper constructs a dynamic analysis framework with broader application than previous statistical and case studies by theoretically deriving the impact of farmers' participation in contract farming on their organic fertilizer application behavior. The framework analyzes farmers' intertemporal organic fertilizer application behavior under the two scenarios of participation and nonparticipation in contract farming. Participation in contract farming positively impacts organic fertilizer application behavior in both the short and long terms. Survey data from 473 vegetable farmers in Shandong province of China were used to conduct an empirical analysis, and the endogenous switching probit model was used to solve the endogeneity problem of farmers' participation in contract farming. The empirical analysis supports the above results: farmers' participation in contract farming increases their probability of applying organic fertilizer by 50.7%. Robustness tests conducted using the recursive bivariate probit model and replacing the dependent variable (the intensity with which farmers replace chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer) confirm the research results. Further heterogeneity analysis shows that farmers' participation in contract farming has a more obvious promoting effect on organic fertilizer application behavior in the older group, the group with an education level of primary school or below and the small-scale farming group. Therefore, the government should promote participation in contract farming, especially among elderly, low-education and small-scale farmers, to improve the adoption level of organic fertilizer in China.
Accelerating integration of social needs into mainstream healthcare to achieve health equity in the COVID-19 era
Authors: Kulkarni Aparna , Davey-Rothwell Melissa , Mossialos Elias 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIt is known that social inequities result in health disparities in outcomes, highlighted in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This commentary discusses the actionable initiatives that have been implemented to address social inequities in healthcare in the United States. The publicly available social needs screening tools and International Classification of Disease Systems-10 Z codes for social determinants of health are introduced. In this context, policies, health system strategies and the larger role of implementation science in recognizing and alleviating the social needs are discussed.
Endothall and florpyrauxifen-benzyl behavior in hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata) when applied in combination
Authors: Ortiz Mirella F. , Nissen Scott J. , Dayan Franck E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHydrilla [Hydrilla verticillata (L. f.) Royle] is often called the “perfect aquatic weed,” as it has numerous physiological adaptations that make it highly aggressive and competitive. Hydrilla verticillata has historically been managed effectively using fluridone; however, the overreliance on this single mechanism of action (MOA) resulted in evolved fluridone resistance in the late 1990s. Where fluridone-resistant H. verticillata populations evolved, endothall became widely used for H. verticillata control. In 2018, florpyrauxifen-benzyl, a highly active auxin-mimic herbicide, was registered for H. verticillata control, and its use has increased since its introduction. Endothall and florpyrauxifen-benzyl provide two effective MOAs for H. verticillata management, and combining these two MOAs would be an effective strategy to delay further resistance evolution. The objective of this research was to determine whether combining endothall and florpyrauxifen-benzyl would significantly impact the behavior of either herbicide in dioecious (DHV) or monoecious (MHV) H. verticillata compared with their behavior when applied alone. Endothall and florpyrauxifen-benzyl absorption and accumulation alone and in combination were measured over a 192-h time course. Translocation patterns were also determined. Herbicide accumulation in MHV and DHV was not impacted when these herbicides were applied in combination. Endothall translocation from shoots to roots in DHV was not impacted (alone = 18.7 ± 1.4%; combination = 23.2 ± 2.2%); however, endothall shoot-to-root translocation in MHV was reduced from 16.2 ± 1.3% applied alone to 2.2 ± 0.1% when applied in combination with florpyrauxifen-benzyl. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl shoot-to-root translocation was reduced in both MHV and DHV when applied in combination with endothall. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl translocation was reduced by 16- and 6-fold in DHV and MHV, respectively. These data do not suggest that there would be operational impacts from endothall and florpyrauxifen-benzyl mixtures. Still, there appear to be changes in herbicide behavior, primarily shoot-to-root translocation, when these two herbicides are applied in combination.
A homozygous loss-of-function variant in BICD2 is associated with lissencephaly and cerebellar hypoplasia
Authors: Abdel-Salam Ghada M. H. , Girgis Marian , Eid Maha M. , Sayed Inas S. M. , Abdel-Hamid Mohamed S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDevelopmental brain malformations are rare but are increasingly reported features ofBICD2-related disorders. Here, we report a 2-year old boy with microcephaly, profound delay and partial seizures. His brain MRI showed lissencephaly, hypogenesis of corpus callosum, dysplastic hipocampus and cerebellar hypoplasia. Whole-exome sequencing identified a novel homozygous likely pathogenic variant in theBICD2gene, c.229 C > T p.(Gln77Ter). This is the first report of lissencephaly and cerebellar hypoplasia seen in a patient with homozygous loss-of-function variant inBICD2that recapitulated the animal model. Our report supports thatBICD2should be considered in the differential diagnosis for patients with lissencephaly and cerebellar hypoplasia Additional clinical features ofBICD2are likely to emerge with the identification of additional patients.
Targeted inhibition of osteoclastogenesis reveals the pathogenesis and therapeutics of bone loss under sympathetic neurostress
Authors: Sui Bingdong , Liu Jin , Zheng Chenxi , Dang Lei , Chen Ji , Cao Yuan , Zhang Kaichao , Liu Lu , Dang Minyan , Zhang Liqiang , Chen Nan , He Tao , Xuan Kun , Jin Fang , Zhang Ge , Jin Yan , Hu Chenghu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSympathetic cues via the adrenergic signaling critically regulate bone homeostasis and contribute to neurostress-induced bone loss, but the mechanisms and therapeutics remain incompletely elucidated. Here, we reveal an osteoclastogenesis-centered functionally important osteopenic pathogenesis under sympatho-adrenergic activation with characterized microRNA response and efficient therapeutics. We discovered that osteoclastic miR-21 was tightly regulated by sympatho-adrenergic cues downstream the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) signaling, critically modulated osteoclastogenesis in vivo by inhibiting programmed cell death 4 (Pdcd4), and mediated detrimental effects of both isoproterenol (ISO) and chronic variable stress (CVS) on bone. Intriguingly, without affecting osteoblastic bone formation, bone protection against ISO and CVS was sufficiently achieved by a (D-Asp8)-lipid nanoparticle-mediated targeted inhibition of osteoclastic miR-21 or by clinically relevant drugs to suppress osteoclastogenesis. Collectively, these results unravel a previously underdetermined molecular and functional paradigm that osteoclastogenesis crucially contributes to sympatho-adrenergic regulation of bone and establish multiple targeted therapeutic strategies to counteract osteopenias under stresses.
Early life adversity shapes neural circuit function during sensitive postnatal developmental periods
Authors: Malave Lauren , van Dijk Milenna T. , Anacker Christoph 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEarly life adversity (ELA) is a major risk factor for mental illness, but the neurobiological mechanisms by which ELA increases the risk for future psychopathology are still poorly understood. Brain development is particularly malleable during prenatal and early postnatal life, when complex neural circuits are being formed and refined through an interplay of excitatory and inhibitory neural input, synaptogenesis, synaptic pruning, myelination, and neurogenesis. Adversity that influences these processes during sensitive periods of development can thus have long-lasting and pervasive effects on neural circuit maturation. In this review, we will discuss clinical and preclinical evidence for the impact of ELA on neural circuit formation with a focus on the early postnatal period, and how long-lasting impairments in these circuits can affect future behavior. We provide converging evidence from human and animal studies on how ELA alters the functional development of brain regions, neural circuits, and neurotransmitter systems that are crucial for cognition and affective behavior, including the hippocampus, the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, neural networks of fear responses and cognition, and the serotonin (5-HT) system. We also discuss how gene-by-environment (GxE) interactions can determine individual differences in susceptibility and resilience to ELA, as well as molecular pathways by which ELA regulates neural circuit development, for which we emphasize epigenetic mechanisms. Understanding the molecular and neurobiological mechanisms underlying ELA effects on brain function and psychopathology during early postnatal sensitive periods may have great potential to advance strategies to better treat or prevent psychiatric disorders that have their origin early in life.
Peer-assessment ability of trainees in clinical restorative dentistry: can it be fostered?
Authors: Alfakhry Ghaith , Mustafa Khattab , Alagha M. Abdulhadi , Zayegh Obada , Milly Hussam , Shwikani Feras Al , Jamous Issam 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The study was conducted to investigate whether peer-assessment among dental students at the clinical stage can be fostered and become closer to that of experienced faculty assessors.

Methods
A prospective pilot study was conducted in 2021 at the Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus University. Sixteen 5th year clinical students volunteered to participate in the study. A modified version of the validated Peer Direct Observation of Procedural Skills (Peer-DOPS) assessment form was used together with a grading rubric. Participants undertook peer-assessment on their colleagues across three encounters. The difference between peers and faculty assessment was the main variable.

Results
The mean difference between peers and faculty assessment decreased after each encounter with a significant difference and a medium effect size between the first and third encounters (p = 0.016, d = 0.67). Peer-assessment was significantly higher than faculty, however, the overestimation declined with each encounter reducing the difference between peer- and faculty assessment. Peers’ perception of the educational benefit of conducting assessment was overwhelmingly positive, reporting improvements in their own performance.

Conclusion
This pilot study provides preliminary evidence that dental students assessment ability of their peers can be fostered and become closer to that of experienced faculty assessment with practice and assessment-specific instruction.
Hypoxia-responsive circRNAs: A novel but important participant in non-coding RNAs ushered toward tumor hypoxia
Authors: Jiao Benzheng , Liu Shanshan , Zhao Hongguang , Zhuang Yuying , Ma Shumei , Lin Chenghe , Hu Jifan , Liu Xiaodong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGiven the rapid developments in RNA-seq technologies and bioinformatic analyses, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have gradually become recognized as a novel class of endogenous RNAs, characterized by covalent loop structures lacking free terminals, which perform multiple biological functions in cancer genesis, progression and metastasis. Hypoxia, a common feature of the tumor microenvironments, profoundly affects several fundamental adaptive responses of tumor cells by regulating the coding and non-coding transcriptomes and renders cancer’s phenotypes more aggressive. Recently, hypoxia-responsive circRNAs have been recognized as a novel player in hypoxia-induced non-coding RNA transcriptomics to modulate the hypoxic responses and promote the progression and metastasis of hypoxic tumors. Moreover, via extracellular vesicles-exosomes, these hypoxia-responsive circRNAs could transmit hypoxia responses from cancer cells to the cells of surrounding matrices, even more distant cells of other organs. Here, we have summarized what is known about hypoxia-responsive circRNAs, with a focus on their interaction with hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), regulation of hypoxic responses and relevance with malignant carcinoma’s clinical features, which will offer novel insights on the non-coding RNAs’ regulation of cancer cells under hypoxic stress and might aid the identification of new theranostic targets and define new therapeutic strategies for those cancer patients with resistance to radiochemotherapy, because of the ubiquity of tumoral hypoxia.
Adaptive wireless millirobotic locomotion into distal vasculature
Authors: Wang Tianlu , Ugurlu Halim , Yan Yingbo , Li Mingtong , Li Meng , Wild Anna-Maria , Yildiz Erdost , Schneider Martina , Sheehan Devin , Hu Wenqi , Sitti Metin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMicrocatheters have enabled diverse minimally invasive endovascular operations and notable health benefits compared with open surgeries. However, with tortuous routes far from the arterial puncture site, the distal vascular regions remain challenging for safe catheter access. Therefore, we propose a wireless stent-shaped magnetic soft robot to be deployed, actively navigated, used for medical functions, and retrieved in the example M4 segment of the middle cerebral artery. We investigate shape-adaptively controlled locomotion in phantoms emulating the physiological conditions here, where the lumen diameter shrinks from 1.5 mm to 1 mm, the radius of curvature of the tortuous lumen gets as small as 3 mm, the lumen bifurcation angle goes up to 120°, and the pulsatile flow speed reaches up to 26 cm/s. The robot can also withstand the flow when the magnetic actuation is turned off. These locomotion capabilities are confirmed in porcine arteries ex vivo. Furthermore, variants of the robot could release the tissue plasminogen activator on-demand locally for thrombolysis and function as flow diverters, initiating promising therapies towards acute ischemic stroke, aneurysm, arteriovenous malformation, dural arteriovenous fistulas, and brain tumors. These functions should facilitate the robot’s usage in new distal endovascular operations.