bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review: Cost‐effectiveness of continuous glucose monitoring compared to self‐monitoring of blood glucose in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Jiao Yuxin , Lin Rose , Hua Xinyang , Churilov Leonid , Gaca Michele J. , James Steven , Clarke Philip M. , O'Neal David , Ekinci Elif I. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractContinuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is rapidly becoming a vital tool in the management of type 1 diabetes. Its use has been shown to improve glycaemic management and reduce the risk of hypoglycaemic events. The cost of CGM remains a barrier to its widespread application. We aimed to identify and synthesize evidence about the cost‐effectiveness of utilizing CGM in patients with type 1 diabetes. Studies were identified from MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Library from January 2010 to February 2022. Those that assessed the cost‐effectiveness of CGM compared to self‐monitored blood glucose (SMBG) in patients with type 1 diabetes and reported lifetime incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (ICER) were included. Studies on critically ill or pregnant patients were excluded. Nineteen studies were identified. Most studies compared continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and SMBG to a sensor‐augmented pump (SAP). The estimated ICER range was [$18,734–$99,941] and the quality‐adjusted life year (QALY) gain range was [0.76–2.99]. Use in patients with suboptimal management or greater hypoglycaemic risk revealed more homogenous results and lower ICERs. Limited studies assessed CGM in the context of multiple daily injections (MDI) (n = 4), MDI and SMBG versus SAP (n = 2) and three studies included hybrid closed‐loop systems. Most studies (n = 17) concluded that CGM is a cost‐effective tool. This systematic review suggests that CGM appears to be a cost‐effective tool for individuals with type 1 diabetes. Cost‐effectiveness is driven by reducing short‐ and long‐term complications. Use in patients with suboptimal management or at risk of severe hypoglycaemia is most cost‐effective.
The role of ascending arousal network in patients with chronic insomnia disorder
Authors: Gong Liang , He Kewu , Cheng Fang , Deng Zhenping , Cheng Kang , Zhang Xi'e , Zhou Wenjun , Ou Jing , Wang Jian , Zhang Bei , Ding Xin , Xu Ronghua , Xi Chunhua 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe ascending arousal system plays a crucial role in individuals' consciousness. Recently, advanced functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has made it possible to investigate the ascending arousal network (AAN) in vivo. However, the role of AAN in the neuropathology of human insomnia remains unclear. Our study aimed to explore alterations in AAN and its connections with cortical networks in chronic insomnia disorder (CID). Resting‐state fMRI data were acquired from 60 patients with CID and 60 good sleeper controls (GSCs). Changes in the brain's functional connectivity (FC) between the AAN and eight cortical networks were detected in patients with CID and GSCs. Multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) was employed to differentiate CID patients from GSCs and predict clinical symptoms in patients with CID. Finally, these MVPA findings were further verified using an external data set (32 patients with CID and 33 GSCs). Compared to GSCs, patients with CID exhibited increased FC within the AAN, as well as increased FC between the AAN and default mode, cerebellar, sensorimotor, and dorsal attention networks. These AAN‐related FC patterns and the MVPA classification model could be used to differentiate CID patients from GSCs with 88% accuracy in the first cohort and 77% accuracy in the validation cohort. Moreover, the MVPA prediction models could separately predict insomnia (data set 1, R2 = .34; data set 2, R2 = .15) and anxiety symptoms (data set 1, R2 = .35; data set 2, R2 = .34) in the two independent cohorts of patients. Our findings indicated that AAN contributed to the neurobiological mechanism of insomnia and highlighted that fMRI‐based markers and machine learning techniques might facilitate the evaluation of insomnia and its comorbid mental symptoms.
Retracted: Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and associated risk behaviors in prisoners: A systematic review
Authors: SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad , Pashaei Zahra , Rahimi Ensiyeh , Saeidi Solmaz , Mirzapour Pegah , Noori Tayebeh , Ghasemzadeh Afsaneh , Afzalian Arian , Dashti Mohsen , Habibi Pedram , Farhoudi Behnam , Aghaie Narjes , Shamsabadi Ahmadreza , Dadras Omid , Mehraeen Esmaeil 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsSexually transmitted infections (STIs) are one of the major health concerns globally. Generally, prisoners are at higher risks for STIs due to risk factors including; drug‐use, high‐risk sexual behaviors, densely populated prisons, and poor living conditions. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a systematic review to evaluate the existing data on STI prevalence, and its associated risk factors among prisoners.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of the literature using the keywords in Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar online databases. We selected all the relevant original studies in English through title/abstract and full‐text screening process.‎ResultsBased on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we selected and reviewed 32 studies out of 96 identified papers. The most important STI‐associated risk factors among prisoners were drug use, low educational levels, and unsafe sex. The prevalence of STIs was heterogenous in selected studies and was reported as follows; Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (0%−14.5%), hepatitis B viruses (HBV) (0.04%−27.23%), hepatitis C viruses (HCV) (0.17%−49.7%), Syphilis (0.2%−22.1%), Chlamydia Trachomatis (CT) (1.02%−6.7%), Gonorrhea (0.6%−7.8%), and herpes simplex virus‐2 (HSV‐2) 22.4%.ConclusionThis systematic review indicates that the prevalence of STIs (HIV, HBV, HCV, Syphilis, Chlamydia Trachomatis, Gonorrhea, and HSV‐2) among prisoners appears to be higher than the general population, with drug abuse, low educational levels, and unsafe sex as major risk factors.
Analysis of couple stress nanofluid flow under convective condition in the temperature‐dependent fluid properties and Lorentz forces
Authors: Prasad Kerehalli Vinayaka , Choudhari Rajashekhar , Vaidya Hanumesh , Bhat Ashwini , Animasaun Isaac Lare 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn recent years, a great deal of interest has been generated in modern micro‐ and nanotechnologies for micro/nano‐electronic devices. These technologies are increasingly utilizing sophisticated fluid media to enhance performance. Among the new trends is the simultaneous adoption of nanofluids and biological micro‐organisms. Motivated by bio‐nanofluid vertical channel oxygenators in medical engineering, in the current work, a mathematical model is developed to examine the flow of mixed convective couple‐stress nanofluids in a vertical channel with a transverse magnetic field, fluid viscosity that changes with temperature, and thermal conductivity. The non‐Newtonian model follows Brownian motion and heat spread by nanoparticles in a fluid under coupled stress. Highly linked, nonlinear regulating equations are translated into nondimensional equations using relevant variables. The governing equations are then turned into a form with no dimensions. The Keller‐box technique, a second‐order finite difference method for solving second‐order equations, is used to solve them numerically. On the other hand, the effects of different non‐Newtonian flow parameters, such as the couple stress fluid parameter, the magnetic parameter, the variable fluid viscosity, the variable thermal conductivity parameters, the Brinkman number, the nanofluid and buoyancy parameters, and the rate of chemical reaction parameter, are carefully studied. The velocity, temperature, and concentration fields are calculated over a wide range of possible values for the relevant parameters.
LSS‐net: 3‐dimensional segmentation of the spinal canal for the diagnosis of lumbar spinal stenosis
Authors: Altun Sinan , Alkan Ahmet 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLumbar Spinal Stenosis (LSS) is one of the main causes of chronic low back pain. Chronic low back pain not only reduces the quality of life of people but also can be an important expense item in the country's economy due to the inability of the person to participate in working life and treatment costs. As in other diseases, rapid diagnosis and early treatment of LSS significantly affect the quality of life of the person. Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging is one of the methods used to diagnose LSS. Diagnosis by interpreting MR images requires serious expertise, and it has been frequently studied by academics in recent years because it is a system that assists the doctor with an objective approach. This field of study is machine learning, which we can call the sub‐branch of Artificial Intelligence. Deep learning‐based machine learning is very successful in processing biomedical images such as MR. In this study, a model that performs 3‐dimensional automatic segmentation on T2 sequence Lumbar MR Images is proposed for the diagnosis of LSS. This 3D LSS segmentation study, according to our knowledge, has the feature of being the first in its field and will be an important resource for those who work in this field. In addition, with the proposed model, parts that cannot be fully opened in LSS surgical operations, especially in the nerve roots, can be fully determined beforehand which will ensure that the patient's complaints are completely eliminated after the operation. In MR images, a total of 6 classes were created and segmentation was carried out, including the spinal disc, canal, thecal sac, posterior element, and other regions and background in the image, which are important for LSS. To measure the success of segmentation, the Intersection over Union (IoU) metric was calculated for each class. 3D segmentation success for the validation set in the dataset; Background (IoU = 0.83), Canal (IoU = 0.61), Disc (IoU = 0.91), Other (IoU = 0.97), Posterior element (IoU = 0.82), and Thecal Sac (IoU = 0.81). The 3D automatic segmentation success rates obtained are quite high and show that a Computer Aided Diagnosis system can be created in LSS diagnosis.
Dysregulation of glutamine/glutamate metabolism in COVID‐19 patients: A metabolism study in African population and mini meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Xiao‐kun , Tu Bo , Zhang Xiao‐Ai , Xu Wen , Chen Jia‐hao , Zhao Guang‐Yu , Xu Biao , Zheng Jun‐Jie , Yan Yan‐Feng , Hao Peng‐Fei , Cole Reginald , Jalloh Mohamed Boie , Lu Qing‐Bin , Li Chang , Sevalie Stephen , Liu Wei , Chen Wei‐Wei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) remains a serious global threat. The metabolic analysis had been successfully applied in the efforts to uncover the pathological mechanisms and biomarkers of disease severity. Here we performed a quasi‐targeted metabolomic analysis on 56 COVID‐19 patients from Sierra Leone in western Africa, revealing the metabolomic profiles and the association with disease severity, which was confirmed by the targeted metabolomic analysis of 19 pairs of COVID‐19 patients. A meta‐analysis was performed on published metabolic data of COVID‐19 to verify our findings. Of the 596 identified metabolites, 58 showed significant differences between severe and nonsevere groups. The pathway enrichment of these differential metabolites revealed glutamine and glutamate metabolism as the most significant metabolic pathway (Impact = 0.5; −log10P = 1.959). Further targeted metabolic analysis revealed six metabolites with significant intergroup differences, with glutamine/glutamate ratio significantly associated with severe disease, negatively correlated with 10 clinical parameters and positively correlated with SPO2 (rs= 0.442, p = 0.005). Mini meta‐analysis indicated elevated glutamate was related to increased risk of COVID‐19 infection (pooled odd ratio [OR] = 2.02; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17–3.50) and severe COVID‐19 (pooled OR = 2.28; 95% CI: 1.14–4.56). In contrast, elevated glutamine related to decreased risk of infection and severe COVID‐19, the pooled OR were 0.30 (95% CI: 0.20–0.44), and 0.44 (95% CI: 0.19–0.98), respectively. Glutamine and glutamate metabolism are associated with COVID‐19 severity in multiple populations, which might confer potential therapeutic target of COVID‐19, especially for severe patients.
Detection of Polish cases of highly virulent subtype B of HIV‐1 originating in the Netherlands
Authors: Serwin Karol , Scheibe Kaja , Horecki Marcin , Aksak‐Wąs Bogusz , Jasik Monika Bociąga , Parczewski Miłosz 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInfection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) subtype B is most commonly acquired in Poland through men who have sex with men (MSM) comparable to the HIV epidemic in the Netherlands. Following a paper by Chris Wymant et al. on February 4, 2022 in Science on a highly virulent variant of HIV‐1 subtype‐B (VB‐variant) in the Netherlands raised concerns about the possibility of the variant dissemination to other European countries. We aim to report the spread of HIV‐1 VB‐variant, recently identified in the Netherlands, into other European regions. Subtype B pol gene fragments of protease (P), reverse transcriptase (RT), and integrase (IN) from our laboratory supplemented with publicly available sequences were inferred with VB samples from the Netherlands. For positively clustering samples, clinical observations were compiled. Between May 2009 and August 2014, three cases of VB sequences of Polish origin and one additional from Belgium were identified. Patients presented with elevated viral loads and fast CD4 decline as original characteristics. The mean number of base substitutions per site within the clade versus interclade variability showed a high intragroup sequence similarity, reflecting an ongoing MSM transmission cluster for Polish sequences. The sampling period coincides with the ongoing Dutch VB‐variant spread reported between 2003 and 2014. This study informs on phylogenetic descriptions, and clinical symptoms from the rare and emerging VBs placed in Poland. VB is not expanding since 2014 and the Inviduals infected with the VB virus can be treated successfully. Studies on the propagation of novel and potentially virulent virus variants in the undersampled regions add to the understanding of the pan‐European HIV‐1 transmission dynamics.
Battery‐Operated Mid‐Infrared Diode Laser Frequency Combs
Authors: Sterczewski Lukasz A. , Fradet Mathieu , Frez Clifford , Forouhar Siamak , Bagheri Mahmood 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMid‐wave infrared (MIR, 3–5 µm) optical frequency combs (OFC) are of critical importance for spectroscopy of fundamental molecular transitions in space and terrestrial applications. Although in this band OFCs can be obtained via supercontinuum or difference frequency generation using optical pumping schemes, unprecedented source miniaturization, and monolithic design are unique to electrically‐pumped semiconductor laser structures. To date, high‐brightness OFC generation in this region has been demonstrated in quantum‐ and interband cascade lasers (QCL/ICL), yet with sub‐optimal spectral properties. Here, an MIR quantum well diode laser (QWDL) OFC is shown, whose excellent spectral uniformity, narrow optical linewidths, and milliwatt optical power are obtained at a fraction of a watt of power consumption. The continuously tunable source offers ≈1 THz of optical span centered at 3.04 µm, and a repetition rate of 10 GHz. As a proof‐of‐principle, a directly‐battery‐operated MIR dual‐comb source is shown with almost 0.5 THz of optical coverage accessible in the electrical domain in microseconds. These results indicate the high suitability of QWDL OFCs for future chip‐based real‐time sensing systems in the mid‐infrared.
Investigation of the Impact of Hydrolytically Cleavable Groups on the Stability of Poly(ethylene glycol) Based Hydrogels Cross‐Linked via the Inverse Electron Demand Diels–Alder (iEDDA) Reaction
Authors: Ziegler Christian E. , Graf Moritz , Nagaoka Makoto , Goepferich Achim M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEight‐armed poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels cross‐linked via inverse electron demand Diels–Alder reaction between norbornene and tetrazine groups are promising materials for long‐term protein delivery. While a controlled release over 265 days is achieved for 15% w/v hydrogels in the previous study, the material shows high stability over 500 days despite having cleavable ester linkages between the PEG macromonomers and their functionalities. In this study, the hydrolyzable ester linkers in the PEG‐norbornene precursor structure are exchanged to reduce the degradation time. To this end, 3,6‐epoxy‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydrophthalimide, phenyl carbamate, carbonate ester, and phenyl carbonate ester are introduced as degradable functional groups. Oscillatory shear experiments reveal that they are not affected the in situ gelation. All hydrogel types have gel points of less than 20 s even at a low polymer concentration of 5% w/v. Hydrogels with varying polymer concentrations have similar mesh sizes, all of which fell in the range of 4–12 nm. The inclusion of phenyl carbonate ester accelerates degradation considerably, with complete dissolution of 15% w/v hydrogels after 302 days of incubation in
phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). Controlled release of 150 kDa fluorescein isothiocyanate‐dextran over a period of at least 150 days is achieved with 15% w/v hydrogels.
Implantable dual band semi‐circular slotted patch with DGS antenna for biotelemetry applications
Authors: Kangeyan Rajagopal , Karthikeyan Madurakavi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, an implantable antenna with a semi‐circular slotted patch and a Z‐shaped slotted defective ground structure antenna for biotelemetry applications have been proposed. The antenna resonates at WMTS and ISM bands of 1.42 and 2.42 GHz, respectively. The antenna is compact in size with dimensions of 8 × 9 × 0.635 mm3. To validate the semi‐circular dual band antenna structure, the optimized design is fabricated on Rogers RT/duroid 6010 high dielectric substrate material. The same substrate material is adopted as the superstrate. The experiment was carried out in skin mimicking gel for both WMTS and ISM frequency bands. The designed semi‐circular slotted antenna has peak gain values of −20 dBi, at 2.42 GHz. The observed front‐to‐back ratio at the ISM band is 15.8 dB. The maximum specific absorption rate computed is within safe limits and meets IEEE safety criteria.
Magnetic resonance and diffusion tensor imaging of the adolescent rabbit growth plate of the knee
Authors: Kvist Ola , Damberg Peter , Dou Zelong , Berglund Johan Sanmartin , Flodmark Carl‐Erik , Nilsson Ola , Diaz Sandra 
Published: September 2022

PurposeTo assess the ability of MRI‐DTI to evaluate growth plate morphology and activity compared with that of histomorphometry and micro‐CT in rabbits.MethodsThe hind limbs of female rabbits aged 16, 20, and 24 wk (n = 4 per age group) were studied using a 9.4T MRI scanner with a multi‐gradient echo 3D sequence and DTI in 14 directions (b‐value = 984 s/mm2). After MRI, the right and left hind limb were processed for histological analysis and micro‐CT, respectively. The Wilcoxon signed‐rank test was used to evaluate the height and volume of the growth plate. Intraclass correlation and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to evaluate the association between DTI metrics and age.ResultsThe growth plate height and volume were similar for all modalities at each time point and age. Age was correlated with all tractography and DTI metrics in both the femur and tibia. A correlation was also observed between all the metrics at both sites. Tract number and volume declined with age; however, tract length did not show any changes. The fractional anisotropy color map showed lateral diffusion centrally in the growth plate and perpendicular diffusion in the hypertrophic zone, as verified by histology and micro‐CT.ConclusionMRI‐DTI may be useful for evaluating the growth plates.
Visual hydrogenation of palladium membranes on an elastic substrate and their applications in hydrogen sensing
Authors: She Xiaoyi , Yang Guowei , Shen Yang , Jin Chongjun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe study of metal‐hydrogen interaction is essential for hydrogen‐related applications. Due to the small permittivity variation of palladium (Pd), it is difficult to visualize its hydrogenation processes. Soft substrates can release the expansion stress of Pd membrane and form wrinkling during hydrogenation, which can be utilized to track the hydrogen diffusion. Here, we investigate the hydrogenation processes of Pd membranes with various shapes and sizes on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates. It was found that the Pd membranes priorly wrinkles from the edges during hydrogenation and the saturation time of hydrogen absorption reduces with the decreasing size of Pd membranes. With these measurements, we fabricate a high‐performance optical hydrogen sensor consisted of a Pd nanostripe array on PDMS. Due to the transition from specular reflection to scattering during the surface wrinkling of the Pd nanostripe, when exposed to 4% hydrogen gas mixed with nitrogen gas, the sensor shows a high‐reflectance contrast of more than 800% with the absolute reflectance change exceeding 32% over the visible band, and the response time t90 is about 1.5 seconds. These results suggest that the Pd membranes on an elastic substrate is a promising platform for visualization of hydrogen diffusion and hydrogen detection.
The association between sleep duration and detailed measures of obesity: A cross sectional analysis in the ADDITION‐PRO study
Authors: Andersen Mie M. , Laurberg Tinne , Bjerregaard Anne‐Louise , Sandbæk Annelli , Brage Søren , Vistisen Dorte , Quist Jonas S. , Bruun Jens M. , Witte Daniel R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundSleep duration is associated with BMI and waist circumference. However, less is known about whether sleep duration affects different measurements of obesity differently.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between sleep duration and different measures of obesity.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional analysis 1309, Danish, older adults (55% men) completed at least 3 days of wearing a combined accelerometer and heart rate‐monitor for assessing sleep duration (hours/night) within self‐reported usual bedtime. Participants underwent anthropometry and ultrasonography to assess BMI, waist circumference, visceral fat, subcutaneous fat, and fat percentage. Linear regression analyses examined the associations between sleep duration and obesity‐related outcomes.ResultsSleep duration was inversely associated with all obesity‐related outcomes, except visceral‐/subcutaneous‐fat‐ratio. After multivariate adjustment the magnitude of associations became stronger and statistically significant for all outcomes except visceral‐/subcutaneous‐fat‐ratio, and subcutaneous fat in women. The associations with BMI and waist circumference demonstrated the strongest associations, when comparing standardized regression coefficients.ConclusionsShorter sleep duration were associated with higher obesity across all outcomes except visceral‐/subcutaneous‐fat‐ratio. No specifically salient associations with local or central obesity were observed. Results suggest that poor sleep duration and obesity correlate, however, further research is needed to conclude on beneficial effects of sleep duration regarding health and weight loss.