bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Health Officer Related to Adherence to Iron Tablet Supplementation among Pregnant Women in Central Aceh in 2021
Authors: MS Sri Wahyuni , Barirah Madeni  , Hasritawati  
Published: February 2022

Background. Coverage of Fe tablets in Aceh Tengah District is very low, even lower than other districts in Aceh; namely 12.4 percent for Fe 1 and 10.56 percent for Fe3. Failure to distribute these tablets in this district may lead to an increase in the prevalence of anemia. One of the reasons is that the monitoring, recording, and reporting system by health officers in consuming Fe tablets and in routinely checking Hb levels is not good enough. This study aims to analyze the effect of the role of leadership (customers, communicators, motivators, facilitators, and counselors) on the adherence of pregnant women to consuming Fe tablets in the Central Aceh Regency in 2021.
Methods. This type of research is a survey with a cross-sectional approach. The population is all pregnant women in the Aceh Tengah Regency area with a gestational age of more than 20 weeks, or it could be less than 20 weeks, provided that this is the first visit and has made a health visit at the health center. Methods of collecting data by interviewing and checking the health development of pregnant women with Editing, Coding, Entry, and Cleaning. Data were analyzed by univariate, bivariate, and multivariate.
Results. The results of the multivariate analysis with logistic regression obtained the facilitator variable has the greatest influence on compliance in consuming Fe tablets with a value of OR = 14,166 meaning pregnant women who accept the role of health officers as facilitators will obediently consume Fe tablets as much as 14,166 times when compared to mothers who do not accept the role of health officers as customers.
Conclusion. The low adherence to Fe tablet consumption was due to the fact that the number of Fe tablets given by health officers to pregnant women in Aceh Tengah Regency was not up to the standard, which was 90 tablets. Customers and facilitators have a relationship with the adherence of pregnant women to consuming Fe tablets. The facilitator has the greatest influence on compliance in consuming Fe tablets.
PERBANDINGAN TEKNIK PEMERIKSAAN CARPAL CANAL PROYEKSI TANGENSIAL METODE GAYNORT-HART INFEROSUPERIOR DAN CARPAL CANAL SUPEROINFERIOR UNTUK MENDAPATKAN GAMBARAN OS PSIFORM
Authors: Mareta Santa - 
Published: February 2022

Carpal Canal merupakan cekungan yang dibentuk oleh bagian palmar dari metacarpal. Dalam memperoleh gambaran Os pisiform tersebut ada beberapa proyeksi pemeriksaan yang sering dilakukan, salah satunya adalah carpal canal proyeksi tangensial metode gaynor-hart inferosuperior dan carpal canal superoinferior. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui metode mana yang lebih bagus untuk melihat Os Psiform.
Penelitian dilakukan di Unit Radiologi RSU Aisyiyah Padang bulan September 2019. Metode yang digunakan adalah Kuantitatif dengan studi eksperimen, hasil dari radiograf ini dibacakan oleh lima orang responden, data diolah menggunakan rumus Mean Score dan Statistical Product Service Solution (SPSS) dengan Uji Wilcoxon.
Hasil penelitian untuk gambaran Os Psiform yang bebas superposisi nilai rata-rata pada metode inferosuperior adalah 3,56 dan pada metode superoinferior adalah 2,64. Sedangkan menggunakan SPSS didapatkan dengan nilai signifikannya 0,039 ( p value<0,05 ) maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima, yang berarti ada perbedaan yang signifikan dari kedua metode.
Kata Kunci : Os Psiform, Metode Inferosuperior, Metode Superoinferior
Toward Improved Understanding of Magnetic Fields Participating in Solar Flares: Statistical Analysis of Magnetic Fields within Flare Ribbons
Authors: Kazachenko Maria D. , Lynch Benjamin J. , Savcheva Antonia , Sun Xudong , Welsch Brian T. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Violent solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are magnetic phenomena. However, how magnetic fields reconnecting in the flare differ from nonflaring magnetic fields remains unclear owing to the lack of studies of the flare magnetic properties. Here we present a first statistical study of flaring (highlighted by flare ribbons) vector magnetic fields in the photosphere. Our systematic approach allows us to describe the key physical properties of solar flare magnetism, including distributions of magnetic flux, magnetic shear, vertical current, and net current over flaring versus nonflaring parts of the active region (AR), and compare these with flare/CME properties. Our analysis suggests that while flares are guided by the physical properties that scale with AR size, like the total amount of magnetic flux that participates in the reconnection process and the total current (extensive properties), CMEs are guided by mean properties, like the fraction of the AR magnetic flux that participates (intensive property), with little dependence on the amount of shear at the polarity inversion line (PIL) or the net current. We find that the nonneutralized current is proportional to the amount of shear at the PIL, providing direct evidence that net vertical currents are formed as a result of any mechanism that could generate magnetic shear along the PIL. We also find that eruptive events tend to have smaller PIL fluxes and larger magnetic shears than confined events. Our analysis provides a reference for more realistic solar and stellar flare models. The database is available online and can be used for future quantitative studies of flare magnetism.
The CGM–GRB Study. II. Outflow–Galaxy Connection at z ∼ 2–6
Authors: Gatkine Pradip , Veilleux Sylvain , Perley Daniel , Durbak Joseph , Dichiara Simone , Cenko S. Bradley , Troja Eleonora 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We use a sample of 27 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) at redshift z = 2–6 to probe the outflows in their respective host galaxies (log(M
*/M
⊙) ∼ 9–11) and search for possible relations between the outflow properties and those of the host galaxies, such as M
*, the star formation rate (SFR), and the specific SFR (sSFR). First, we consider three outflow properties: outflow column density (N
out), maximum outflow velocity (V
max), and normalized maximum velocity (V
norm = V
max/V
circ,halo, where V
circ,halo is the halo circular velocity). We observe clear trends of N
out and V
max with increasing SFR in high-ion-traced outflows, with a stronger (>3σ) V
max–SFR correlation. We find that the estimated mass outflow rate and momentum flux of the high-ion outflows scale with SFR and can be supported by the momentum imparted by star formation (supernovae and stellar winds). The kinematic correlations of high-ion-traced outflows with SFR are similar to those observed for star-forming galaxies at low redshifts. The correlations with SFR are weaker in low-ion outflows. This, along with the lower detection fraction in low-ion outflows, indicates that the outflow is primarily high-ion dominated. We also observe a strong (>3σ) trend of normalized velocity (V
norm) decreasing with halo mass and increasing with sSFR, suggesting that outflows from low-mass halos and high-sSFR galaxies are most likely to escape and enrich the outer circumgalactic medium (CGM) and intergalactic medium with metals. By comparing the CGM–GRB stacks with those of starbursts at z ∼ 2 and z ∼ 0.1, we find that over a broad redshift range, the outflow strength strongly depends on the main-sequence offset at the respective redshifts, rather than simply the SFR.
Evidence for Strong Intracluster Magnetic Fields in the Early Universe
Authors: Xu J. , Han J. L. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The origin of magnetic fields in clusters of galaxies is still a matter of debate. Observations for intracluster magnetic fields over a wide range of redshifts are crucial to constrain possible scenarios for the origin and evolution of the fields. Differences in Faraday rotation measures (RMs) of an embedded double radio source, i.e., a pair of lobes of mostly Fanaroff–Riley type II radio galaxies, are free from the Faraday rotation contributions from the interstellar medium inside the Milky Way and the intergalactic medium between radio galaxies and us, and hence provide a novel way to estimate average magnetic field within galaxy clusters. We have obtained a sample of 627 pairs whose RMs and redshifts are available in the most updated RM catalogs and redshift databases. The RM differences of the pairs are derived. The statistically large RM differences for pairs of redshifts z > 0.9 indicate that intracluster magnetic fields are as strong as about 4 μG. Such strong magnetic fields in the intracluster medium at the half age of the universe, comparable to the intracluster field strength in nearby galaxy clusters, pose a challenge to the theories of the origin of cosmic magnetic fields.
Anisotropic Magnetized White Dwarfs: Unifying Under- and Overluminous Peculiar and Standard Type Ia Supernovae
Authors: Deb Debabrata , Mukhopadhyay Banibrata , Weber Fridolin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Ever since the observation of peculiar overluminous Type Ia supernovae (SNeIa), exploring possible violations of the canonical Chandrasekhar mass limit (CML) has become a pressing research area of modern astrophysics. Since its first detection in 2003, more than a dozen of peculiar overluminous SNeIa has been detected, but the true nature of the underlying progenitors is still under dispute. Furthermore there are also underluminous SNeIa whose progenitor masses appear to be well below the CML (sub-Chandrasekhar progenitors). These observations call into question how sacrosanct the CML is. We have shown recently in Paper I that the presence of a strong magnetic field, the anisotropy of dense matter, as well as the orientation of the magnetic field itself significantly influence the properties of neutron and quark stars. Here, we study these effects for white dwarfs (WDs), showing that their properties are also severely impacted. Most importantly, we arrive at a variety of mass–radius relations of WDs that accommodate sub- to super-Chandrasekhar mass limits. This urges caution when using WDs associated with SNeIa as standard candles.
Probing the Physics of the Solar Atmosphere with the Multi-slit Solar Explorer (MUSE). II. Flares and Eruptions
Authors: Cheung Mark C. M. , Martínez-Sykora Juan , Testa Paola , De Pontieu Bart , Chintzoglou Georgios , Rempel Matthias , Polito Vanessa , Kerr Graham S. , Reeves Katharine K. , Fletcher Lyndsay , Jin Meng , Nóbrega-Siverio Daniel , Danilovic Sanja , Antolin Patrick , Allred Joel , Hansteen Viggo , Ugarte-Urra Ignacio , DeLuca Edward , Longcope Dana , Takasao Shinsuke , DeRosa Marc L. , Boerner Paul , Jaeggli Sarah , Nitta Nariaki V. , Daw Adrian , Carlsson Mats , Golub Leon ,   The MUSE team
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Current state-of-the-art spectrographs cannot resolve the fundamental spatial (subarcseconds) and temporal (less than a few tens of seconds) scales of the coronal dynamics of solar flares and eruptive phenomena. The highest-resolution coronal data to date are based on imaging, which is blind to many of the processes that drive coronal energetics and dynamics. As shown by the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph for the low solar atmosphere, we need high-resolution spectroscopic measurements with simultaneous imaging to understand the dominant processes. In this paper: (1) we introduce the Multi-slit Solar Explorer (MUSE), a spaceborne observatory to fill this observational gap by providing high-cadence (<20 s), subarcsecond-resolution spectroscopic rasters over an active region size of the solar transition region and corona; (2) using advanced numerical models, we demonstrate the unique diagnostic capabilities of MUSE for exploring solar coronal dynamics and for constraining and discriminating models of solar flares and eruptions; (3) we discuss the key contributions MUSE would make in addressing the science objectives of the Next Generation Solar Physics Mission (NGSPM), and how MUSE, the high-throughput Extreme Ultraviolet Solar Telescope, and the Daniel K Inouye Solar Telescope (and other ground-based observatories) can operate as a distributed implementation of the NGSPM. This is a companion paper to De Pontieu et al., which focuses on investigating coronal heating with MUSE.
Sub-Alfvénic Solar Wind Observed by the Parker Solar Probe: Characterization of Turbulence, Anisotropy, Intermittency, and Switchback
Authors: Bandyopadhyay R. , Matthaeus W. H. , McComas D. J. , Chhiber R. , Usmanov A. V. , Huang J. , Livi R. , Larson D. E. , Kasper J. C. , Case A. W. , Stevens M. , Whittlesey P. , Romeo O. M. , Bale S. D. , Bonnell J. W. , Dudok de Wit T. , Goetz K. , Harvey P. R. , MacDowall R. J. , Malaspina D. M. , Pulupa M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In the lower solar coronal regions where the magnetic field is dominant, the Alfvén speed is much higher than the wind speed. In contrast, the near-Earth solar wind is strongly super-Alfvénic, i.e., the wind speed greatly exceeds the Alfvén speed. The transition between these regimes is classically described as the “Alfvén point” but may in fact occur in a distributed Alfvén critical region. NASA’s Parker Solar Probe (PSP) mission has entered this region, as it follows a series of orbits that gradually approach more closely to the Sun. During its 8th and 9th solar encounters, at a distance of ≈16 R
⊙ from the Sun, PSP sampled four extended periods in which the solar wind speed was measured to be smaller than the local Alfvén speed. These are the first in situ detections of sub-Alfvénic solar wind in the inner heliosphere by PSP. Here we explore properties of these samples of sub-Alfvénic solar wind, which may provide important previews of the physical processes operating at lower altitude. Specifically, we characterize the turbulence, anisotropy, intermittency, and directional switchback properties of these sub-Alfvénic winds and contrast these with the neighboring super-Alfvénic periods.
A Novel Way of Measuring the Gas Disk Mass of Protoplanetary Disks Using N2H+ and C18O
Authors: Trapman Leon , Zhang Ke , van ’t Hoff Merel L. R. , Hogerheijde Michiel R. , Bergin Edwin A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Measuring the gas mass of protoplanetary disks, the reservoir available for giant planet formation, has proven to be difficult. We currently lack a far-infrared observatory capable of observing HD, and the most common gas mass tracer, CO, suffers from a poorly constrained CO-to-H2 ratio. Expanding on previous work, we investigate if N2H+, a chemical tracer of CO-poor gas, can be used to observationally measure the CO-to-H2 ratio and correct CO-based gas masses. Using disk structures obtained from the literature, we set up thermochemical models for three disks, TW Hya, DM Tau and GM Aur, to examine how well the CO-to-H2 ratio and gas mass can be measured from N2H+ and C18O line fluxes. Furthermore, we compare these gas masses to gas masses independently measured from archival HD observations. The N2H+(3 − 2)/C18O(2 − 1) line ratio scales with the disk CO-to-H2 ratio. Using these two lines, we measure 4.6 × 10−3
M
⊙ ≤ M
disk ≤ 1.1 × 10−1
M
⊙ for TW Hya, 1.5 × 10−2
M
⊙ ≤ M
disk ≤ 9.6 × 10−2
M
⊙ for GM Aur and 3.1 × 10−2
M
⊙ ≤ M
disk ≤ 9.6 × 10−2
M
⊙ for DM Tau. These gas masses agree with values obtained from HD within their respective uncertainties. The uncertainty on the N2H+ + C18O gas mass can be reduced by observationally constraining the cosmic-ray ionization rate in disks. These results demonstrate the potential of using the combination of N2H+ and C18O to measure gas masses of protoplanetary disks.
X-Ray Chronicles of Alpha Centauri: The Swooning of α Cen B
Authors: Ayres Tom 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The central AB binary of Alpha Centauri has been visited regularly by Chandra X-ray Observatory since late 2005. Up to mid-2020, the B component, an early K dwarf, had traced out a relatively smooth 8 yr coronal (T ∼ 2 MK) activity cycle. Recently, however, B’s X-ray count rate suddenly dipped, from cycle maximum levels to near minimum in just 16 months. Previous cycle decays were 3–4 yr. The significance of the swoon remains to be seen.
The Line Variability of 78 Vir (A2p SrCrEu) in the Mid-ultraviolet
Authors: Monier Richard 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Line variations are studied in the mid-ultraviolet spectra of 78 Vir collected with IUE between phases of far-UV (FUV) maximum and FUV minimum. The mid-UV spectrum of 78 Vir is populated with low-lying transitions of iron-peak elements. The lines of Cr ii and Ca ii are found to be stronger at phase of FUV minimum, while the lines of Ni
ii
probably vary in anti phase with those of chromium and calcium. Those of Fe
ii
and Mn
ii
do not show convincing variations between the two phases. The analysis of these mid-ultraviolet spectra suggests that iron and manganese are uniformly distributed over the surface of 78 Vir, while chromium, calcium and nickel are not but more ultraviolet lines should be studied to confirm this.
Evaluation of Recent Measurements of Mercury’s Moments of Inertia and Tides Using a Comprehensive Markov Chain Monte Carlo Method
Authors: Goossens Sander , Renaud Joe P. , Henning Wade G. , Mazarico Erwan , Bertone Stefano , Genova Antonio 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Recent estimates of Mercury’s rotational state yield different obliquity values, resulting in normalized polar moment of inertia values of either 0.333 or 0.346. In addition, recent measurements of Mercury’s tidal response, as expressed by its Love number k
2, are higher than previously reported. These different measurements have implications for our understanding of Mercury’s interior structure. We perform a comprehensive analysis of models of Mercury’s interior structure using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach, where we explore models that satisfy the various measurements of moments of inertia and mean density. In addition, we explore models that either have Mercury’s tidal response as a measurement or predict its tidal response. We find that models that match the lower polar moment value also fit or predict the recent, higher Love number. Models that match the higher polar moments predict Love numbers even higher than current estimates. For the resulting interior structure models, we find a wide range of viscosities at the core–mantle boundary, including low values that could be consistent with the presence of partial melt, with higher viscosities also equally allowed in our models. Despite the possibility of low viscosities, our results do not show a preference for particularly high temperatures at the core–mantle boundary. Our results include predicted values for the pressure and temperature of Mercury’s core, and the displacement Love numbers.
Europa’s Surface Water-ice Crystallinity and Correlations between Lineae and Hydrate Composition
Authors: Berdis Jodi R. , Murphy James R. , Chanover Nancy J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Europa’s surface composition and evidence for cryovolcanic activity can provide insight into the properties and composition of the subsurface ocean, allowing the evaluation of its potential habitability. One promising avenue for revealing the surface processing and subsurface activity are the relative fractions of crystalline and amorphous water-ice observed on the surface, which are influenced by temperature, charged particle bombardment, vapor deposition, and cryovolcanic activity. The crystallinity observed on Europa’s leading hemisphere cannot be reproduced by thermophysical and particle flux modeling alone, indicating that there may be additional processes influencing the surface. We performed a spectral mixture analysis on hyperspectral image cubes from the Galileo Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS) to identify how surface crystallinity is influenced by physical processing at a high spatial resolution scale. We focus specifically on two image cubes, 15e015 closer to the equator and 17e009 closer to the south pole, both on the leading hemisphere. We performed a nonnegative least-squares spectral mixture analysis to reveal both the non-ice composition and the water-ice crystallinity of the surface. We found that amorphous water-ice dominates the spectrum at the equator and the south pole. We estimated a mean crystallinity of ∼35% within the 15e015 NIMS cube and a mean crystallinity of ∼15% within the 17e009 NIMS cube, which is consistent with ground-based spectroscopically derived crystallinities. We also identified a correlation of magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, and hydrated sulfuric acid with lineae and ridges, which may provide evidence for surface processing by upwelling subsurface material.
Noachian Proglacial Paleolakes on Mars: Regionally Recurrent Fluvial Activity and Lake Formation within Closed-source Drainage Basin Craters
Authors: Boatwright Benjamin D. , Head James W. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A body of geologic evidence suggests that Noachian-aged craters on Mars were modified primarily by runoff from rainfall in a warm and wet early Mars climate. Although melting and runoff of frozen water ice have been suggested as plausible alternatives, supporting geomorphic evidence of Noachian glaciation on Mars has been elusive. We previously identified a Noachian-aged crater in the southern highlands that contained evidence of glacially derived fluvial and lacustrine features but was hydrologically disconnected from its surroundings. This closed-source drainage basin (CSDB) crater and proglacial paleolake provided the first candidate evidence of Noachian cold-based glaciation on Mars. Here, we describe a second nearby CSDB crater that contains similar evidence of glacial melting leading to the formation of proglacial fluvial channels and paleolakes on the crater floor. This new evidence suggests that CSDB formation was occurring episodically at regional scales throughout the Late Noachian and into the Early Hesperian. Recurrent episodes of glacial melting are consistent with climate model predictions of a cold and icy early Mars highlands with limited melting of glacial ice during periods of punctuated warming.
Retinal Detachment Repair With Vitrectomy: Air Tamponade Integration to a Vitreoretinal Service, Comparison With Gas Tamponade, and Literature Review
Authors: Moussa George , Mathews Namita , Makhzoum Osama , Park Dong Young 
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair by pars plana vitrectomy and gas tamponade (GT) has significant clinical and quality-of-life impacts compared with repair by short-acting air tamponade (AT). With AT, most authors minimize cryotherapy because of prolonged chorioretinal scar formation and use perfluorocarbon to maximize subretinal fluid drainage; this deviates from traditional technique, which discourages popularization of AT.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Prospective 12-month study from January to December 2019 of all primary macula-on RRD cases. Patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria for the Pneumatic Retinopexy Versus Vitrectomy for Retinal Detachment Trial received AT and otherwise were assigned to receive GT.

RESULTS:
Forty-six patients were enrolled: 22 (48%) receiving AT and 24 (52%) receiving GT. The primary success rate of AT was 21 (95%) and the primary success rate of GT was 23 (96%), with 100% final success. Cryopexy was used in 64% of AT cases and 58% of GT cases. Cataract surgery was required less when AT was used (1 [6%]) than when GT was used (3 [21%]). AT was used in 48% of primary macula-on RRD and 27% of all primary RRD cases.

CONCLUSIONS:
AT has visual and anatomical outcomes comparable to those of GT with conventional vitrectomy techniques, with faster postoperative rehabilitation enabling a swift return to normal daily activities.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2022;53:87–95.]