bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase and Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate Carboxylase in Solanum tuberosum L. as Affected by Root Zone Applications of CO21
Authors: Arteca Richard N. , Poovaiah B. W. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Changes in phosphoenolypruvate carboxylase (PEP-Case) and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RUBP-Case) were evaluated in potato plants following CO2 enrichment of the root zone. There was a significant increase in PEP-Case activity in the roots of CO2-treated plants between 3 and 12 days following CO2 enrichment. Both PEP-Case and RUBP-Case in the leaves showed no significant change following CO2 enrichment of the root zone. Of 4 additional species tested, potato roots had the greatest PEP-Case activity.
Pectic Enzymes in ‘Long Keeper’ Tomatoes1
Authors: Pressey Russell , Avants Jimmy K. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The changes in pectinesterase (PE) activity during maturation and ripening of ‘Long Keeper’ tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) were similar to those of ‘Marion’ tomatoes. The pectinesterase activity was due to similar forms of this enzyme in both cultivars. In contrast, the polygalacturonase (PG) activity in ripe ‘Long Keeper’ tomatoes was much lower than that in ripe ‘Marion’ fruit. The activity in ‘Long Keeper’ fruit was due to 2 enzymes, one of which was similar to that found in ‘Marion’ fruit, but most of the activity appeared to be due to a new polygalacturonase. These differences may to a large extent account for the postharvest quality retention of the ‘Long Keeper’ cultivar.
Ethephon Treatment of Tomato Transplants Improves Frost Tolerance1
Authors: Liptay A. , Phatak S. C. , Jaworski C. A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
(2-ChloroethyI)phosphonic acid (ethephon) spray on tomato transplants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) 12 days prior to pulling resulted in partial protection of the plants from frost injury after transplanting. Cultivars of tomato responded differently both to the degree of frost damage even if not treated with ethephon and to the level of protection by ethephon. ‘Heinz 1630’ was most tolerant to frost while ‘Ohio 7663’, ‘Hunts 304’, ‘Libby 7241’, and ‘Chico III’ were most susceptible. The transplants with thicker stems (>4.5 mm) generally had a better survival rate than thin-stemmed (<4.5 mm) transplants.
The Appearance of Phytase and the Changes in Phytate and Inorganic Phosphorus during Germination and Early Seedling Growth of Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Poir.)1
Authors: Splittstoesser Walter E. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Phytate rapidly disappeared from pumpkin cotyledons between 3 to 6 days of germination. Phytase, the enzyme responsible for liberating inorganic phosphate from phytate, appeared shortly after germination began, and high activities were found between days 3 through 6 of germination. Large pools of inorganic phosphate accumulated in the cotyledons, shoots and roots during germination. By 15 days of germination, 27% of the phosphate was incorporated into organic materials.
A Comparison of Slitted Polyethylene and Spunbonded Polyester for Plant Row Covers1
Authors: Loy J. Brent , Wells Otho S. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Yields of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) were not significantly different between those grown under slitted polyethylene or those grown under polyester row covers, either with or without supporting wire hoops. Row covers combined with black polyethylene mulch increased both earliness and total yields of muskmelon as compared to those grown on black polyethylene mulch alone. Polyester appeared to be a potentially useful material for row cover culture of suitable crops because of its heat retention, light weight, relatively high tensile strength, and ease of installation.
Field Evaluation of Vegetable Amaranth (Amaranthus spp.)
Authors: Campbell T. A. , Abbott J. A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The horticultural potential of 20 vegetable amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) entries was evaluated in the field at Beltsville, Md., during the summers of 1979 and 1980. Mean fresh yields (leaves and stems) for 5 experiments ranged from 4.0 to 16.5 MT/ha. Yields were highest for A. dubius, intermediate for A. cruentus, and least for A. tricolor. Yield was negatively correlated with leaf:stem ratio (r=−0.56**). Entries with the highest leaf: stem ratios were found within A. tricolor.
Using Heat from Power Plant Condenser Cooling Water for Greenhouse Tomato Production
Authors: Carter Johnny , Pile Robert S. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In the paper “Using Heat from Power Plant Condenser Cooling Water for Greenhouse Tomato Production” by Johnny Carter and Robert S. Pile [HortScience 17(l):74-76. 1982] there was an error of geographic location in the captions for Figures 2 and 3 and in the headings for Tables 1 and 2. The greenhouse waste heat experiments were conducted at the TV A waste heat greenhouse in Athens, Alabama, not Athens, Georgia, as was printed.
‘Sunprince’ Peach1
Authors: Okie W. R. , Prince V. E. , Reilly C. C. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
‘Sunprince’ peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] has been released to provide a cultivar adapted to the southeastern United States ripening in ‘Redskin’ and ‘Blake’ season with better external color and shape than ‘Redskin’ and higher bacterial spot resistance than ‘Blake’.
A Gel Planter to Sow Multitreatments1
Authors: Ghate Suhas R. , Phatak Sharad C. , Jaworski Casimir A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A compressed air gel seeding system was developed to sow simultaneously several rows with different seed treatments. A technique to plant vegetable seeds at equidistant spacings using a solenoid valve and photoelectric device is described.
Stimulation of Multiple Shoot-bud Formation in Walnut Seeds.1
Authors: Rodriguez Roberto 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In vitro initiation and development of shoot-buds of walnuts (Juglans regia L.) was obtained on a defined medium using seedlings as a primary explants. Benzylamino purine (BA) at 40 μM induced multiple shoot formation derived from an abnormal conical shoot. Periodic subculture on a fresh media with 0.4 μM of both indolebutyric acid (IBA) and BA resulted in shoots multiplication.
Fresh Flower Merchandising in Loose Bunches1
Authors: Robertson J. L. , Chatfleld L. H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Color and bunch composition were the most important factors influencing the consumer's purchase decision of loose-bunch merchandising of fresh flowers. Roses had significantly more product appeal than carnations and Marguerite daisies. Price was judged relatively more important for the mixed loose bunches where consumers selected the loose bunch with roses at $5.95 over the loose bunch with 5 roses at $7.95. The addition of a yellow hybrid tea rose increased the marketability of a loose bunch almost as much as the addition of an orange and peach sweetheart and floribunda rose, respectively. For mixed loose bunches, $5.95 to $7.95 was the optimum price range. For the homogeneous bunches, $2.95 to $4.95 was the most popular price range.
Effect of Delayed Silver Thiosulphate Pulse Treatments on Carnation Cut Flower Longevity1
Authors: Nichols Roy , Kofranek Anton M. , Kubota John 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Cut flowering stems of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) in demineralized water were treated at daily intervals with pulses of silver thiosulphate (STS) at 4 mM for 10 minutes or 2 mM for 60 minutes until just before the end of their natural life and were returned to water for observation of flower senescence. Treatments with STS increased flower life most effectively when applied on the day the flowers were cut. It was also effective if applied for up to 3 days after cutting, but less so if applied after this time. The longevity of flowers pulsed with STS compared favorably with those treated continuously with a commercial preservative.
Influence of Controlled-release Fertilizer on Exacum affine Balf. F. ‘Elfin’ during Production and Subsequent Simulated Home Conditions1
Authors: Harbaugh B. K. , Waters W. E. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
High quality Exacum plants suited for use as flowering house plants were produced in 10-cm pots using a 3 or 5 kg/m3 rate of a 3- to 4-month controlled-release fertilizer (Osmocote 14N-6.1P-11.6K) or an 8- to 9-month release Osmocote (18-2.6-10) with either capillary mat or overhead irrigation. Flowering plants placed in simulated home conditions had more foliar chlorosis at lower Osmocote rates while floral display decreased with higher Osmocote rates.
Influence of Selected Vesicular-arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Seedling Growth and Phosphorus Uptake of Sophora secundiflora1
Authors: Strong Martha E. , Davies Fred T. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Seedlings of Sophora secundiflora (Ortega) Lag. were grown in 10.2-cm diameter pots containing sterilized media individually inoculated with 1 of 4 vesicular-arbuscular (VA) mycorrhizal fungi and fertilized with Omocote (18N-6P-12K) at rates of 0, 1.2, or 4.2 kg/m3. After 263 days, seedlings inoculated with Glomus mosseae (Nicol. and Gerd.) Gerd. and Trappe and with Gigaspora margarita Becker and Hall exhibited increased fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots and root quality at the 1.2 kg/m3 fertilizer level. Increased growth responses of seedlings inoculated with either G. mosseae or G. margarita at 1.2 kg/m3 Osmocote were comparable to noninoculated controls at 4.2 kg/m3. G. etunicatus Becker & Gerd. and G. fasciculatus (Thaxt. sensu Gerd.) Gerd. & Trappe did not enhance seedling growth at any fertilizer rate tested, nor were they colonized on seedling roots. Microscopic examination of roots confirmed VA mycorrhizal colonization at all 3 fertilizer levels with G. mosseae, and at the 2 lowest levels with G. margarita. Increased P uptake occurred only with G. mosseae-inoculated seedlings at 0 and 1.2 kg/m3 fertilization rates.
Sex Influences on Foliar Trait Morphology in Asparagus1
Authors: Benson Brian L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Sex influenced cladophylls/whorl, whorls, and leaf area/unit length of branch, primary and secondary branching, and stalk number and diameter in Asparagus officinalis L. cvs. UC72 and UC157 and in the parental clones of ‘UC157’. Staminate plants had more whorls per unit branch while pistillate plants had greater leaf area per cladophyll and per 10 cm of branch. The overall plant form of parental plants tends to appear in the progeny of the same sex in the UC 157 cultivar.
Effects of Vine Removal Prior to Flooding on Ethanol Concentration and Storage Quality of Sweet Potato Roots1
Authors: Corey K. A. , Collins W. W. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Storage losses of apparently sound roots from flooded plots with vines mowed or completely removed were greater than intact vines for ‘Jewel’ but not ‘Centennial’ sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.]. Vine removal accentuated the detrimental effects of flooding, possibly by elimination of a possible route for ethanol removal from the roots. Ethanol concentration at harvest from flooded plots was greater in roots with vines removed than from roots with intact vines. Vine removal lowered yield of ‘Jewel’ and lowered percent dry matter of both ‘Jewel’ and ‘Centennial’.
Effect of Root Applications of Kinetin and Gibberellic Acid on Transplanting Shock in Tomato Plants1
Authors: Arteca Richard N. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Gibberellic acid (GA3) or 6-furfurylamino purine (kinetin), incorporated into a gel, was applied to the roots of 2 cultivars of tomato transplants (Lycopcrsicon esculentum Mill.), which were then potted and grown in the greenhouse. Kinetin significantly increased relative growth rate (RGR), leaf area, and total plant weight 3 weeks following treatment. GA3 treatment had no significant effect on plant growth. Antitranspirant significantly increased RGR, total leaf area, and plant weight independent of hormone treatments.
Identification of a Selective Suppressor Gene in Cucurbita pepo L.1
Authors: Shifriss Oved 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Gene B. which conditions precocious yellowing of fruits, can also condition precocious yellowing of leaves. Data from a cross between BB parents, ‘Jersey Golden Acorn’ (yellow fruits, yellow leaves) and ‘NJ 260’ (yellow fruits, green leaves), indicate that a partially dominant gene, Ses-B, selectively suppresses the expression of B in leaves, but not in fruits.
Low-temperature Germination of Birdsnest-type Muskmelons1
Authors: Nerson Haim , Cantliffe Daniel J. , Paris Harry S. , Karchi Zvi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Eight accessions of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) possessing one of 3 growth habits, vine, short-internode, and birdsnest, were germinated at 15°C. All 3 birdsnest lines had at least 85% germination after 12 days incubation, whereas all vine and short-internode lines tested had 0% germination. Various seed pretreatments, including presoaking in aerated water for 24 hours, had beneficial effects on germination of birdsnest types at this temperature.
Propagation of Blueberry by Softwood Terminal Cuttings in Pine Bark and Peat Media1
Authors: Pokorny F. A. , Austin M. E. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Softwood terminal cuttings of ‘Woodard’ and ‘Tifblue’ blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade) rooted best in media containing milled pine bark alone or mixed with equal parts of perlite, compared to sphagnum peatmoss alone or mixed with equal parts of perlite. Percentage rooting, root quality, and percentage marketability of softwood terminal cuttings of Vaccinium ‘Tifton 275’, a complex hybrid of V. corymbosum L. and V. ashei, was unaffected by rooting medium.
Effects of Two Mycorrhizal Isolates on Highbush Blueberry at Two Soil pH Levels1
Authors: Reich Lee A. , Korcak R. F. , Thompson A. H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Seedlings of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) subjected to 3 fungal treatments and 2 soil pH levels (4.2 and limed to 6.0) displayed no significant treatment interaction in respect to growth, mycorrhizal infection intensity, or nutrient uptake. Among the fungal treatments, there were differences in nutrient uptake and infection intensity, but no difference in total linear stem growth or number of shoots. Lower soil pH resulted in significantly greater stem growth and number of shoots; however, intensity of infection was not significantly different compared to the high pH soil.
Effects of Raspberry Bushy Dwarf Virus on Yield and Cane Growth in Susceptible Red Raspberry Cultivars1
Authors: Daubeny Hugh A. , Freeman Jack A. , Stace-Smith R. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Virus-free (VF) plants of 6 cultivars of red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) were graft-inoculated with raspberry bushy dwarf (RBDV)-infected scions. Plants grown from root cuttings of the inoculated plants were established in a replicated field trial and their performance was compared with noninoculated plants for 4 years. ‘Haida’ and ‘Willamette’ did not become infected with the virus either by graft inoculation or by pollen transmission. The other cultivars, ‘Creston’, ‘Canby’, ‘Lloyd George’, and ‘Meeker’, were infected by graft inoculation. Moreover, after 4 years, all of the original VF plants of these cultivars were infected. Differences in virus effects between the original VF and RBDV-infected clones were greatest for ‘Meeker’ and least for ‘Creston’. Black raspberry necrosis virus (BRNV) was not associated with RBDV infection in Meeker although the cultivar is susceptible to the aphid vector of BRNV.
Effect of the Ectomycorrhizal Fungus Pisolithus tinctorius and Auxin Rooting Formulations on Growth of ‘Cortland’ Apple Trees1
Authors: Greene Duane W. , Manning William J. , Cooley Daniel R. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
‘Cortland’/Mailing (M) 7 apple trees (Malus domestica Bork.) which were treated at planting time with commercial root promoters, containing either naphthaleneacetamide (NAAm) + naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), indolebutyric acid (IBA) + fertilizer, or the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus tinctorius, increased terminal growth. P. tinctorius was superior to either rooting compound for increasing total growth, and only P. tinctorius increased root weight. Colonization of the root system by P. tinctorius was not observed, although the roots of P. tinctorius-treated trees appeared to have more endomycorrhizae. The growth increase was not due to increased nutrient uptake.
Effect of CGA-15281, an Ethylene-generating Material, on Maturity of ‘Delicious’ Apple1
Authors: Crassweller R. M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Application of (2-chloroethyl)methylbis (phenylmethoxy) silane (CGA-15281) in combination with butanedioic acid mono-2-2-dimethylhydrazide (daminozide) and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) increased fruit color of ‘Delicious’ apple (Malus domestica Bork.) in 1980 within 5 days after treatment at concentrations of 250 and 500 ppm, but was not significantly better than untreated controls at harvest. Fruit firmness was reduced within 10 days by the application of 500 ppm CGA in the absence of daminozide. In 1981, application of CGA at various rates from 250 to 1000 ppm did not significantly alter percent soluble solids, starch index, surface color or fruit firmness in comparison to a 500-ppm ethephon treatment. Fruit ethylene levels of all CGA treated fruit were higher 2 hours after treatment in comparison to ethephon at 500 ppm. Ethylene levels of 1000 ppm CGA treatment remained higher than ethephon treatment until 24 hours after treatment.
β-Galactosidase Activity of ‘McIntosh’ Apples in Storage1
Authors: Bérard L. S. , Lougheed E. C. , Murr D. P. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Wall-bound β-galactosidase activity within the cortical flesh of ‘McIntosh’ apples (Malus domestica Bork.) increased in storage, but was independent of fruit ripening. There was less activity in fruits held in low pressure storage than in those held in controlled atmosphere or in refrigerated storage, and less activity in fruits held at 0.5 than at 3.5°C. Fruit field-treated with butanedioic acid mono-(2,2-dimethylhydrazide) (daminozide) had more β-galactosidase activity than control fruits at harvest, and maintained higher β-galactosidase activity in storage, but did not soften more rapidly than control fruits. Storage treatments that led to rapid softening coincided with the highest enzyme activity that developed in storage, but low enzyme activity was not consistently related to low softening rates.
Cumulative Effects of Ethephon as a Fruit Thinner on French Prune (Prunus domestica L.)1
Authors: Sibbett G. S. , Martin George C. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Foliar spraying the same French prune trees with 50, 100, or 150 ppm (2-chloroethyl) phosphonic acid (ethephon) in 3 continuous years thinned fruit and improved fruit size without deleterious phytotoxic effects on tree performance.
Effect of Irrigation Regimes and Supplemental Nitrogen on Alfalfa Greening, Cork Spot, and Fruit Quality of ‘d’Anjou’ Pears1
Authors: Raese J. Thomas , Brun Charles A. , Seeley Earl J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Three levels of irrigation, dry, normal, and wet regimes, with and without 0.9 kg of supplemental nitrogen were applied during late spring to bearing pear (Pyrus communis L.) cv. ‘Beurre ‘d’Anjou’ trees commencing in 1979. In each of the 3 years tested, the percentage of trees affected with alfalfa greening and cork spot was greatest for the high level of irrigation. In 1979, alfalfa greening was associated with the high levels of leaf nitrogen and with the trees receiving supplemental nitrogen in the wet block. Fruits harvested from the wet block in 1979 were larger and firmer than fruit from the dry block, but the latter were higher in soluble solids.
Zinc Concentration in Pecan Leaflets Associated with Zinc Deficiency Symptoms1
Authors: Sparks Darrell , Payne Jerry A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The reliability of a proposed satisfactory range of 50-100 ppm Zn in the leaflet for pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wang.) K. Koch] was tested. The range was compared to: a) the average Zn concentration in the leaflets of groups of trees where a variable percentage of trees had Zn deficiency symptoms and b) to the average Zn concentration in the leaflets of trees grouped according to severity of Zn deficiency. In both situations, Zn deficiency symptoms occurred only when Zn concentration in the leaflets was less than 40 ppm.
Influence of Topsoil and Subsoil Acidity Environments on Root Growth of ‘Curtis’ and ‘Stuart’ Pecan Seedlings in a Simulated Soil Profile1
Authors: White A. W. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Open-pollinated seedlings of ‘Stuart’ pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wang.) K. Koch] had larger taproots, greater stem weights, and produced higher yields of coarse lateral roots (>0.5 mm) than ‘Curtis’ open-pollinated seedlings when grown in a simulated Norfolk soil profile. However, rate of taproot growth and production of small feeder roots (<0.5 mm and <0.25 mm) in the subsoil was greater for the ‘Curtis’ than for the ‘Stuart’ seedlings. Taproot and feeder root growth of both cultivars increased markedly with increases in subsoil pH. Rate of taproot growth and production of small feeder roots were limited by the acid subsoils despite adequate liming of the surface soil. Direct place ment of lime in the subsoil was required to achieve maximum root growth.
Temperature Effects on Uptake and Effectiveness of Glyoxal Dioxime in ‘Hamlin’ Oranges1
Authors: Evensen Kathleen B. , Bausher Michael G. , Biggs R. Hilton 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Temperature effects on glyoxal dioxime (Pik-Off) stimulation of ethylene production and fruit loosening and on uptake of 14C-glyoxal dioxime were investigated using ‘Hamlin’ oranges [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.] harvested with petioles attached. Oranges treated with 250 ppm glyoxal dioxime produced significantly more ethylene than untreated fruit at 20, 25, and 30°C but not at 10 or 15°. Fruit loosening was correlated with internal ethylene concentration, producing a significant loosening effect for glyoxal dioxime at 20, 25, and 30°. Lack of effectiveness of glyoxal dioxime for inducing fruit loosening at low temperatures (10 and 15°) cannot be explained by a reduced rate of uptake but may result from impairment of ethylene biogenesis by fruit tissue.
Postharvest Respiration, Ethylene Production, and Compositional Changes of Chinese Jujube Fruits1
Authors: Kader Adel A. , Li Yu , Chordas Alexander 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Production rates of CO2 and C2H4 by fruits of jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Lam.), picked at the whitish-green stage and held at 20°C for 15 days, followed a nonclimacteric pattern. Skin color changed from whitish-green to reddish-brown with fruit maturation. Relative to most other fresh fruits, Chinese jujubes are lower in water content and titratable acidity, and higher in total sugars (mostly reducing sugars) and phenolics. Chinese jujubes are very rich in ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) content which increased with maturation to 559 mg/100 g fresh weight. Fruits held at 0° for 26 days exhibited sheet pitting due to chilling injury.
‘Bandera’ Rocky Mountain Penstemon1
Authors: Hooks R. F. , Oaks W. R. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Rocky Mountain penstemon, Penstemon strictus Benth, has a natural range of adaptation that extends from southern Wyoming to central New Mexico, and includes northeastern Arizona and Utah. It is common in western Colorado in association with sagebrush or timber on gravelly or sandy loam soils at an elevation of 1,828 to 3,350 m.
‘Garden Sunshine’ Bell Pepper1
Authors: Millett A. H. , Jones R. A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
‘Garden Sunshine’ is an attractive, tobacco mosaic virus-resistant, bell type (sweet) pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) with lemon-yellow immature fruit which ripen to a bright red color. It is adapted to California growing conditions, and was developed as a unique home garden type. ‘Garden Sunshine’ fruits have improved flavor and canning attributes.