bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant activity of Salak Sidempuan (Salacca zalacca) fruit with different solvents using the DPPH method
Authors: Siregar N S , Julianti E , Silalahi J , Sinaga H 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Free radicals in the body are a by-product of the oxidation and burning of cells that take place in the body. If this reaction occurs continuously in the body and does not stop, it will cause oxidative stress, impacting health problems. The presence of antioxidants can reduce oxidative stress that arises. Antioxidants are compounds that can capture free radicals because they can donate one electron. Antioxidants can obtain from fruits, one of which is Sidempuan salak fruit. Based on this, this study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of Sidempuan salak fruit using the DPPH method. Salak sidempuan was obtained from three different villages: Sitinjak Village, Sibangkua Village, and Hutalambung Village. In the DPPH test, three other solvents were used: ethanol, methanol, and n-hexane. The results obtained are that methanol solvents increase the antioxidant ability of salak sitinjak to reduce the oxidation process, where the IC50 value of 31771.67 mg/L is smaller than the use of ethanol as a solvent. Using ethanol as a solvent can increase the ability of Sitinjak bark to reduce the oxidation process by 90.31% inhibition. The use of methanol as a solvent increased the antioxidant capacity of salak sitinjak 82.04 mg vitamin C/100g compared to salak Sibangkua and Hutalambung. These results could conclude that using different DPPH solvents in Sidimpuan salak can produce antioxidant activity despite its weak ability. Among the three Sidimpuan salaks, Sitinjak salak has the best antioxidant activity when using methanol as a solvent.
Shaping ethnobotanical tourism on the coastal landscape through Halobanese oral traditions at Banyak Island
Authors: Andriany L , Lubis T , Amalia  , Abus A F , Delima  
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper focused on exposing the unique and typical plants at Pulau Banyak (Banyak Island), which strongly relates to Halobanese oral traditions in shaping ethnob0otanical tourism. The benefit of knowing the typical plants in Banyak Island will inform the natural resources as both natural wealth and cultural heritage owned by the Halobanese. Further, this information also benefits the Halobanese in their confidence and motivation to move forward with ethnobotanical tourism. This is a qualitative study and applied ethnography method. The data were the documentation of typical plants in Pulau Banyak, which have a strong relationship with food security and daily needs for Halobanese, such as mangrove, coconut, sagoo, mangrove and pandan leaves. The results were evaluated by defining the conceptual connection between shaping ethnobotanical tourism and the Halobanese oral heritage, which informed the local flora. The result of the study showed that the typical plants in the Banyak Islands area consist of naturally grown plants and can be grown well. The natural growing plant is mangrove, coconut, sagoo, rumbia and pandan leaves. The plant that can be grown well is taro and yam. Consequently, ethnobotanical tourism is an ideal program to build Halobanese human resources and revitalize their typical plant.
Bioprinting of alginate-carboxymethyl chitosan scaffolds for enamel tissue engineering in vitro
Authors: Mohabatpour Fatemeh , Duan Xiaoman , Yazdanpanah Zahra , Tabil Xavier Lee , Lobanova Liubov , Zhu Ning , Papagerakis Silvana , Chen Xiongbiao , Papagerakis Petros 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Tissue engineering offers a great potential in regenerative dentistry and to this end, three dimensional (3D) bioprinting has been emerging nowadays to enable the incorporation of living cells into the biomaterials (such a mixture is referred as a bioink in the literature) to create scaffolds. However, the bioinks available for scaffold bioprinting are limited, particularly for dental tissue engineering, due to the complicated, yet compromised, printability, mechanical and biological properties simultaneously imposed on the bioinks. This paper presents our study on the development of a novel bioink from carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) and alginate (Alg) for bioprinting scaffolds for enamel tissue regeneration. CMC was used due to its antibacterial ability and superior cell interaction properties, while Alg was added to enhance the printability and mechanical properties as well as to regulate the degradation rate. The bioinks with three mixture ratios of Alg and CMC (2–4, 3–3 and 4–2) were prepared, and then printed into the calcium chloride crosslinker solution (100 mM) to form a 3D structure of scaffolds. The printed scaffolds were characterized in terms of structural, swelling, degradation, and mechanical properties, followed by their in vitro characterization for enamel tissue regeneration. The results showed that the bioinks with higher concentrations of Alg were more viscous and needed higher pressure for printing; while the printed scaffolds were highly porous and showed a high degree of printability and structural integrity. The hydrogels with higher CMC ratios had higher swelling ratios, faster degradation rates, and lower compressive modulus. Dental epithelial cell line, HAT-7, could maintain high viability in the printed constructs after 1, 7 and 14 d of culture. HAT-7 cells were also able to maintain their morphology and secrete alkaline phosphatase after 14 d of culture in the 3D printed scaffolds, suggesting the capacity of these cells for mineral deposition and enamel-like tissue formation. Among all combinations Alg4%–CMC2% and in a less degree 2%Alg–4%CMC showed the higher potential to promote ameloblast differentiation, Ca and P deposition and matrix mineralization in vitro. Taken together, Alg-CMC has been illustrated to be suitable to print scaffolds with dental epithelial cells for enamel tissue regeneration.
Pitch calibration of standard nanoscale for uncertainty reduction of certified reference materials for SEM image sharpness evaluation and magnification calibration
Authors: Misumi Ichiko , Kumagai Kazuhiro , Kizu Ryosuke 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is widely used to observe and analyze nanostructures on surfaces. To obtain accurate and sharp images by SEM, it is necessary to evaluate the sharpness of SEM images and calibrate the magnification simultaneously. The NMIJ-CRM 5207-a is a certified reference material for image sharpness evaluation and magnification calibration. The certified values of NMIJ-CRM 5207-a are the average pitches in the X- and Y- axes. The major source of uncertainty of the NMIJ-CRM 5207-a is the pitch calibration of the commercially available standard nanoscale. To reduce the uncertainty of the pitch calibration value of the standard nanoscale, the pitch calibration was performed using a metrological atomic force microscope and uncertainty was evaluated in this study.
Hydrogen generator integrated with fuel cell for portable energy supply
Authors: Yartys V , Zavaliy I , Berezovets V , Pirskyy Yu , Manilevich F , Kytsya A , Verbovytskyy Yu , Dubov Yu , Kutsyi A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
An autonomous power supply device based on a 30 W fuel cell (FC) stack and a hydrolysis-type hydrogen generator was developed. The creation of this device included the construction of a unit for hydrogen generation, development of an electronic control unit for the operation of the device, and testing and optimizing the overall performance. The hydrolysis of NaBH4 was catalyzed by Pt-based catalysts and was studied for different reactor configurations and reagent concentrations. The flat type of the reactor, Pt catalyst deposited on cordierite as a support, and 10% solution of NaBH4 proved to be the most efficient when generating H2 for use in the 30 W FC. A developed electronic control unit effectively regulates the hydrolysis reaction rate and provides the required hydrogen supply to the FC. A Li-ion battery was used to start the work of the developed system. One important feature of the developed electronic system is the use of supercapacitors, enabling smoothening of the periodic variations of the generated power. The created hydrolysis unit integrated with the FC provides a stable power supply for at least 9 h from one refueling (U
const = 12 V, I = 0–2.5 A, nominal power = 30 W). The specific generated power of the system when accounting for its weight and volume is similar to the analogues described in the reference data, while the electronic circuit enables its stable and efficient performance, satisfying the consumer needs for autonomous energy supply when a stationary electrical grid is not available.
Two/Quasi-two-dimensional perovskite-based heterostructures: construction, properties and applications
Authors: Wang Haizhen , Chen Yingying , Li Dehui 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D)/quasi-2D organic-inorganic halide perovskites are regarded as naturally formed multiple quantum wells with inorganic layers isolated by long organic chains, which exhibit layered structure, large exciton binding energy, strong nonlinear optical effect, tunable bandgap via changing the layer number or chemical composition, improved environmental stability, and excellent optoelectronic properties. The extensive choice of long organic chains endows 2D/quasi-2D perovskites with tunable electron-phonon coupling strength, chirality, or ferroelectricity properties. In particular, the layered nature of 2D/quasi-2D perovskites allows us to exfoliate them to thin plates to integrate with other materials to form heterostructures, the fundamental structural units for optoelectronic devices, which would greatly extend the functionalities in view of the diversity of 2D/quasi-2D perovskites. In this paper, the recent achievements of 2D/quasi-2D perovskite-based heterostructures are reviewed. First, the structure and physical properties of 2D/quasi-2D perovskites are introduced. We then discuss the construction and characterizations of 2D/quasi-2D perovskite-based heterostructures and highlight the prominent optical properties of the constructed heterostructures. Further, the potential applications of 2D/quasi-2D perovskite-based heterostructures in photovoltaic devices, light emitting devices, photodetectors/phototransistors, and valleytronic devices are demonstrated. Finally, we summarize the current challenges and propose further research directions in the field of 2D/quasi-2D perovskite-based heterostructures.
COVoc and COVTriage: novel resources to support literature triage
Authors: Caucheteur Déborah , May Pendlington Zoë , Roncaglia Paola , Gobeill Julien , Mottin Luc , Matentzoglu Nicolas , Agosti Donat , Osumi-Sutherland David , Parkinson Helen , Ruch Patrick 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Motivation
Since early 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has confronted the biomedical community with an unprecedented challenge. The rapid spread of COVID-19 and ease of transmission seen worldwide is due to increased population flow and international trade. Front-line medical care, treatment research and vaccine development also require rapid and informative interpretation of the literature and COVID-19 data produced around the world, with 177 500 papers published between January 2020 and November 2021, i.e. almost 8500 papers per month. To extract knowledge and enable interoperability across resources, we developed the COVID-19 Vocabulary (COVoc), an application ontology related to the research on this pandemic. The main objective of COVoc development was to enable seamless navigation from biomedical literature to core databases and tools of ELIXIR, a European-wide intergovernmental organization for life sciences.

Results
This collaborative work provided data integration into SIB Literature services, an application ontology (COVoc) and a triage service named COVTriage and based on annotation processing to search for COVID-related information across pre-defined aspects with daily updates. Thanks to its interoperability potential, COVoc lends itself to wider applications, hopefully through further connections with other novel COVID-19 ontologies as has been established with Coronavirus Infectious Disease Ontology.

Availability and implementation
The data at https://github.com/EBISPOT/covoc and the service at https://candy.hesge.ch/COVTriage.
Clinical strains ofMycobacterium tuberculosisexhibit differential lipid metabolism-associated transcriptome changes inin vitrocholesterol and infection models
Authors: Moopanar Kynesha , Nyide Asanda Nomfundo Graduate , Senzani Sibusiso , Mvubu Nontobeko Eunice 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMany studies have identified host-derived lipids, characterised by the abundance of cholesterol, as a major source of carbon nutrition for Mycobacterium tuberculosis during infection. Members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex are biologically different with regards to degree of disease, host range, pathogenicity and transmission. Therefore, the current study aimed at elucidating transcriptome changes during early infection of pulmonary epithelial cells and on an in vitro cholesterol-rich minimal media, in M. tuberculosis clinical strains F15/LAM4/KZN and Beijing, and the laboratory H37Rv strain. Infection of pulmonary epithelial cells elicited the upregulation of fadD28 and hsaC in both the F15/LAM4/KZN and Beijing strains and the downregulation of several other lipid-associated genes. Growth curve analysis revealed F15/LAM4/KZN and Beijing to be slow growers in 7H9 medium and cholesterol-supplemented media. RNA-seq analysis revealed strain-specific transcriptomic changes, thereby affecting different metabolic processes in an in vitro cholesterol model. The differential expression of these genes suggests that the genetically diverse M. tuberculosis clinical strains exhibit strain-specific behaviour that may influence their ability to metabolise lipids, specifically cholesterol, which may account for phenotypic differences observed during infection.
Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Occurrence, Reproduction, and Injury to Fruit in an Organic Tomato Crop Bordered by Sorghum
Authors: Leppla N C , Stacey K J , Rooney L M , Lennon K M , Hodges A C 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBorder rows of grain sorghum were planted along two to four sides of an organic Granadero tomato crop in North Florida to reduce fruit injury caused by native and invasive stink bugs. During the 2-yr study, 14 species of stink bugs were encountered, six only in sorghum: Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), Thyanta spp., Oebalus pugnax (Fabricius), Chinavia hilaris (Say), C. pensylvanica (Gmelin), and Mormidea pama (Rolston). There were four species only in tomato: Euschistus obscurus (Palisot de Beauvois), E. tristigmus (Say), E. ictericus (L.), and Arvelius albopunctatus (De Geer). The three most abundant pests in tomato were collected in both crops: Nezara viridula (L.), Euschistus servus (Say), and E. quadrator Rolston, along with Proxys punctulatus (Palisot de Beauvois). Nezara viridula and P. guildinii were the most abundant stink bugs on sorghum. The border rows of sorghum did not reduce the total number of stink bug adults or nymphs in the tomato crop, although many more stink bug adults were captured in sorghum than tomato when the sorghum panicles were in the milk to soft dough stage. Generally, 30% of the females in the sorghum and tomato crops were mated and contained more than 15 eggs, indicating they could generate a considerable number of nymphs. Tomato fruit from the plot with sorghum border rows had significantly more punctures than fruit from the plot without sorghum. The stink bugs frequently probed and blemished tomato fruit in all stages of ripeness but fruit covered with probing sites were nevertheless suitable for human consumption.
Abductor recovery after muscle-sparing periacetabular osteotomy using a lateral approach
Authors: Nakashima Yasuharu , Hara Daisuke , Ohishi Masanobu , Motomura Goro , Kawano Ichiro , Hamai Satoshi , Kawahara Shinya , Sato Taishi , Yamaguchi Ryosuke , Utsunomiya Takeshi , Kitamura Kenji 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTTo decrease hip abductor dysfunction after periacetabular osteotomy using a lateral/trochanteric approach, we aimed to modify transposition osteotomy of the acetabulum (TOA) to not cut the greater trochanter and abductor–iliac crest detachment. We subsequently compared abductor muscle strength recovery between TOAs with [conventional TOA (C-TOA)] and without [modified TOA (M-TOA)] trochanteric osteotomy. C-TOA and M-TOA were performed in 27 and 34 hips, respectively. Hip abduction, flexion and knee extension muscle strength were measured preoperatively and at 3, 5, 10, 24 and 52 weeks postoperatively. The muscle strength ratio of the affected and contralateral lower limbs was compared between the C-TOA and M-TOA groups. Neither the mean Merle d’Aubigné–Postel score at the final follow-up nor the postoperative center-edge angle showed significant differences between the M-TOA and C-TOA groups (15.7 versus 16.4 points; P = 0.25 and 38.5° versus P = 0.62 and 39.8°, respectively). The mean muscle strength ratios of hip abduction at 5, 12 and 24 weeks postoperatively were significantly higher in the M-TOA group than in the C-TOA group (0.62 versus 0.39, 0.76 versus 0.59 and 0.94 versus 0.70; P = 0.03, 0.04 and 0.01, respectively). There were no significant differences between groups at Postoperative Week 52 (P = 0.36). Discomfort at the greater trochanter was observed in 18 hips (66.7%) in the C-TOA group but only in 4 hips (11.2%) in the M-TOA group. In conclusion, M-TOA is less invasive than C-TOA and allows an earlier recovery of abductor muscle strength without significant correction loss.
Maximum canopy height is associated with community phylogenetic structure in boreal forests
Authors: Mao Ling-Feng , Dong Yu-Ran , Xing Bing-Bing , Chen You-Hua , Dennett Jacqueline , Bater Christopher , Stadt John J , Nielsen Scott E 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUnderstanding how maximum canopy height is related to forest community assembly is essential yet largely unexplored. Maximum canopy height is affected by competition and abiotic environmental factors through different ecological processes (e.g. niche differentiation and environmental filtering), as well as historical or stochastic factors. However, little has been done to empirically examine the ecological processes that influence maximum canopy height. We set out to examine the relationship between maximum canopy height and community phylogenic structure. We surveyed maximum canopy heights from a regional dataset of forest plots (466 sites of 50 m × 50 m) from the boreal forest of northeastern Alberta, Canada. We then explored the relationships between maximum canopy height as measured by airborne LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) and the phylogenetic structure of seed plants, represented by net relatedness index and nearest taxa index. We found stronger phylogenetic clustering among major evolutionary clades for communities with higher maximum canopy height, which implied that environmental filtering by abiotic factors is a driving factor for boreal forests. However, we also found stronger phylogenetic overdispersion within each clade for communities with higher maximum height, indicating more intense niche differentiation. Our results suggest that communities with higher maximum canopy height may have experienced more intense historical abiotic environmental filtering and recent niche differentiation in boreal forests. These findings will contribute to the monitoring and management of forest biodiversity.
Photometric mass estimation and the stellar mass–halo mass relation for low mass galaxies
Authors: Zaritsky Dennis , Behroozi Peter 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
We present a photometric halo mass estimation technique for local galaxies that enables us to establish the stellar mass–halo mass (SMHM) relation down to stellar masses of 105 M⊙. We find no detectable differences among the SMHM relations of four local galaxy clusters or between the cluster and field relations and we find agreement with extrapolations of previous SMHM relations derived using abundance matching approaches. We fit a power law to our empirical SMHM relation and find that for adopted NFW dark matter profiles and for M* &lt; 109 M⊙, the halo mass is Mh = 1010.35 ± 0.02(M*/108 M⊙)0.63 ± 0.02. The normalization of this relation is susceptible to systematic modelling errors that depend on the adopted dark matter potential and the quoted uncertainties refer to the uncertainties in the median relation. For galaxies with M* &lt; 109 M⊙ that satisfy our selection criteria, the scatter about the fit in Mh, including uncertainties arising from our methodology, is 0.3 dex. Finally, we place lower luminosity Local Group galaxies on the SMHM relationship using the same technique, extending it to M* ∼ 103 M⊙ and suggest that some of these galaxies show evidence for additional mass interior to the effective radius beyond that provided by the standard dark matter profile. If this mass is in the form of a central black hole, the black hole masses are in the range of intermediate mass black holes, 10(5.7 ± 0.6) M⊙, which corresponds to masses of a few percent of Mh, well above values extrapolated from the relationships describing more massive galaxies.
Beyond the linear tide: impact of the non-linear tidal response of neutron stars on gravitational waveforms from binary inspirals
Authors: Yu Hang , Weinberg Nevin N , Arras Phil , Kwon James , Venumadhav Tejaswi 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Tidal interactions in coalescing binary neutron stars modify the dynamics of the inspiral and hence imprint a signature on their gravitational wave (GW) signals in the form of an extra phase shift. We need accurate models for the tidal phase shift in order to constrain the supranuclear equation of state from observations. In previous studies, GW waveform models were typically constructed by treating the tide as a linear response to a perturbing tidal field. In this work, we incorporate non-linear corrections due to hydrodynamic three- and four-mode interactions and show how they can improve the accuracy and explanatory power of waveform models. We set up and numerically solve the coupled differential equations for the orbit and the modes and analytically derive solutions of the system’s equilibrium configuration. Our analytical solutions agree well with the numerical ones up to the merger and involve only algebraic relations, allowing for fast phase shift and waveform evaluations for different equations of state over a large parameter space. We find that, at Newtonian order, non-linear fluid effects can enhance the tidal phase shift by $\gtrsim 1\, {\rm radian}$ at a GW frequency of 1000 Hz, corresponding to a $10{{\%}}-20{{\%}}$ correction to the linear theory. The scale of the additional phase shift near the merger is consistent with the difference between numerical relativity and theoretical predictions that account only for the linear tide. Non-linear fluid effects are thus important when interpreting the results of numerical relativity and in the construction of waveform models for current and future GW detectors.