bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptation of T-STEM CT Scale to Turkish: Teacher self‑efficacy and outcome expectancy for teaching computational thinking
Authors: Saritepeci Mustafa , Durak Aykut 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Computational thinking (CT) skills are accepted as fundamental literacy. Although the idea that K-12 teachers should teach students CT skills in an interdisciplinary context is heavily expressed, there is a need for a measurement tool in Turkish that measures teachers' self-efficacy in this regard. This study aims to adapt the T-STEM CT scale, developed by Boulden et al. (2021), into Turkish and to carry out validity and reliability studies of this scale. The original scale consists of a 5-point Likert scale and 13 items. The participants of this study consisted of 168 teachers from different branches working in K-12 schools. It was carried out by selecting for application purposes and a convenient sampling method. Various validity and reliability methods were used to validate the scale. According to the results, the two-factor (Factor1: T-STEM CT self-efficacy, Factor2: T-STEM CT outcome expectancy) and thirteen-item structure had an acceptable fit with the data. Consequently, the validity and reliability of a Turkish tool measuring teaching efficacy beliefs for computational thinking skills were confirmed.
Impact of Surgical Factors on Delayed Hyponatremia in Patients With Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenoma After Endonasal Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Procedure
Authors: Tanaka Haku , Nishimura Fumihiko , Nakase Kenta , Kakutani Miho , Yokoyama Shohei , Morimoto Takayuki , Kim Taekyun , Park Young-Soo , Nakagawa Ichiro , Yamada Shuichi , Tamura Kentaro , Matsuda Ryosuke , Takeshima Yasuhiro , Kotsugi Masashi , Nakase Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose Delayed hyponatremia can occur after pituitary surgery, resulting in prolonged hospitalization. However, the influence of surgical factors after such a procedure has not been well established. The impact of surgery and related factors on delayed hyponatremia were investigated.Methods This was a retrospective analysis of 137 consecutive patients who underwent transsphenoidal surgery for a nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma between 2008 and 2019. Preoperative (demographics, comorbidities), intraoperative (resection extent, operation time, blood loss volume, cerebrospinal fluid leak, tumor consistency), and postoperative [hematoma, meningitis, diabetes insipidus (DI), hormonal assessment] data were collected, with statistical analysis of each factor performed. Results Among the 137 patients, delayed hyponatremia occurred in 31 (22.6%). Multivariate analysis revealed that those with hypertension had a significantly higher likelihood of avoiding delayed hyponatremia (p=0.004). Although no correlations of direct surgical factors with delayed hyponatremia were found, multivariate analysis of indirect surgical factors showed that presence of a firm tumor, transient DI, and meningitis were significantly associated with delayed hyponatremia (p=0.014, 0.001, and 0.047, respectively). There was also a significant association of severe hyponatremia with appearance of symptoms (p=0.002). Conclusion The results showed that hypertension had a tendency to be associated with delayed hyponatremia avoidance. While no direct surgical factors were revealed, indirect surgical factors including tumor consistency, transient DI, and meningitis were found to have an influence on delayed hyponatremia. It was concluded that attention should be given to non-hypertensive patients with a firm tumor, transient DI, or meningitis after pituitary surgery, as delayed hyponatremia may occur.
Performance Evaluation of A Non-Invasive One-Step Multiplex RT-Qpcr Assay for Detection of SARS-Cov-2 Direct from Human Saliva
Authors: Jenkins Harry H. , Lopez Ana A. Tellechea , Tarantini Francesco Saverio , Tomlin Hannah , Scales Danielle , Lee I-Ning , Wu Siyu , Hyde Ralph , Lis-Slimak Katarzyna , Byaruhanga Timothy , Thompson Jamie L. , Pijuan-Galito Sara , Doolan Lara , Kaneko Kazuyo , Gwynne Penny , Reffin Caroline , Park Emily , Dey Jayasree , Hill Jack , Arendt-Tranholm Asta , Stroud Amy , Petrie Moira , Denning Chris , Benest Andrew V. , Seedhouse Claire 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has proven to be the gold-standard for SARS-CoV-2 detection in clinical settings. The most common approaches rely on nasopharyngeal specimens obtained from swabs, followed by RNA extraction, reverse transcription and quantitative PCR. Although swab-based PCR is sensitive, swabbing is invasive and unpleasant to administer, reducing patient compliance for regular testing and resulting in an increased risk of improper sample collection. To overcome these obstacles, we developed a non-invasive one-step RT-qPCR assay performed directly on saliva specimens. The University of Nottingham Asymptomatic Testing Service (UoNATS) protocol simplifies sample collection and bypasses the need for RNA extraction, additives, or extraneous processing steps, thus helping to encourage more regular testing and reducing processing time and costs. We have evaluated the assay against the performance criteria specified by the UK regulatory bodies and attained accreditation (BS EN ISO/IEC 17025:2017) for SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic testing by the United Kingdom Accreditation Service (UKAS). We observed a sensitivity of 1 viral copy per microlitre of saliva and demonstrated a concordance of >99.4% between our results and those of other accredited testing facilities. We concluded that saliva is a stable medium with surprising longevity, and allows for a highly precise, repeatable, and robust testing method.
Reference values of impulse oscillometry (IOS) for healthy Chinese children aged 4-17 years
Authors: Wu Jinhong , Zhang Hao , Shi Yongsheng , Wang Jinrong , Han Yuling , Zhang Qiaoling , Wang Ning , Liu Sha , Zhang Yuehua , Zi Huifen , Wang Fei , Liu Aihong , Song Yuxin , Jia ChunMei , Feng Yong , Liu Quanhua , Wan liya , Ji Minghong , Long Zhen , Huang Jianfeng , Liu Li , Sun Yun , Tang Suping , Dong Xiaoyan , Zhou Xiaojian , Jiang Wenhui , Shen Li , Jiang Haohua 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective: To establish the predicted value of pulmonary function determined by Impulse Oscillometry (IOS) in children (4~17 years old) in China. Methods: A total of 6270 healthy children aged 4 to 17 in Shanghai were included. The Master Screen IOS pulmonary function device (Jaeger Co, Germany) was used to detect the respiratory impedance (Zrs), resonant frequency (Fres)), viscosity resistance (Rrs) and elastic resistance (Xrs) at various oscillation frequencies, and the indexes above were analyzed. The stepwise multivariate regression was used to establish the regression equation of related parameters of IOS in different genders, ages, height, and weight. Results: The differences in the main IOS parameters between different age groups are statistically significant regardless of sex (P<0.05). The stepwise multivariate regression analysis showed that IOS parameters were related to height, age, and weight, and most IOS parameters were most closely related to height (the absolute value of regression coefficient was the largest). With the increase of age and height, the values of Z5, R5, R20 and Fres decreased, while the value of X5 increased. Through height, age and weight, we get the normal predicted values equation of children's IOS parameters. Compared with lechtenboerger prediction equation, our equation is more suitable for Chinese children.Conclusions: The study revealed the reference values of IOS parameters in healthy Chinese children. In the evaluation of results for lung function measurements, this predicted value equation is more in line with the characteristics of Chinese children than that of foreign's.Clinical Trial：ChiCTR: 1800019029.
Linguistic properties of science-specific terms -- Insights from German and English Wikipedia
Authors: Wulff Peter 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Becoming literate in a domain is intricately linked to getting immersed in a speech community and learn the respective language. Learning the respective language is then determined by the specific properties of that language, e.g., what words appear frequently in what contexts? Hence, determining the linguistic properties with principled means is crucial to analyzing learning processes in a domain. This study explores linguistic properties of terms in the science domains (biology, chemistry, and physics) to texture our understanding of potential affordances and challenges in learning concepts in these domains. We use machine learning and natural language processing to analyze language in a principled way. German and English Wikipedia articles that were categorized as science-related. The different languages were used as contrasting cases. Through a deep neural network approach we sought to gain insights into learnability of core science concepts. Our findings indicate that in German and English Wikipedia terms such as theory, time, energy, or system emerge as most central in the domain of physics. However, these central terms also tend to be more difficult to learn (for the deep neural network) in their respective contexts. Our findings indicate that mining Wikipedia can have potential to analyze learning-related processes in domains such as the sciences.
Isolation and Characterization of Larvicidal N-alkylamides from Acmella ciliata HBK
Authors: Arumugam Neelakantan , Sharma Rahul 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The transmission of pathogens by mosquito vectors predisposes several diseases leading to severe human mortality worldwide. The phenomenon of acquired resistance to insecticides or larvicides intensifies a thrust for discovery of novel alternatives for control of the diseases spread by these vectors. Present study demonstrates isolation of a couple of major N-alkylamides from A. ciliata and reveal larvicidal activity (LA) on larvae of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus that spread pathogens of dengue and filariasis respectively. The two compounds were identified to be 2E,4E-N-isobutyl undeca-2,4-diene-8,10-diynamide (NUD) and 2E,4E,8Z,10E-N-isobutyl dodeca-2,4,8,10-tetraenamide (NDT). The LC50 of NUD for late III – early IV instar larvae of Ae. aegypti was 44.19 ppm and 30.89 ppm respectively. The LC50 of NDT for the same were 18.28 ppm and 11.75 ppm respectively. NDT was found more toxic than NUD with both having a higher potency than methoprene (MET), the commercial larvicide. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) study revealed that the chain length, degree of unsaturation and terminal methylation in the molecules influence the extent of LA. The compounds isolated in this study were further demonstrated for use as standards in analytical biochemistry. NUD and NDT content varied, in different parts of the plant, with both accumulating maximally at 19.01 mg/g and 68.55 mg/g, respectively in flowers. The LOD and LOQ for estimation of NUD by HPLC was 0.80 µg/ml and 2.51 µg/ml respectively, whereas, these were 5.50 µg/ml and 16.70 µg/ml, respectively, for NDT. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the purification of larvicidal N-alkylamides from A. ciliata and demonstration of their use as biochemical standard.
Odor cueing during sleep improves consolidation of a history lesson in a school setting
Authors: VIDAL VANESSA , BARBUZZA ALEJO , TASSONE LEONELA , BRUSCO LUIS , BALLARINI FABRICIO , FORCATO CECILIA 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Sleep is a key factor in memory consolidation. During sleep, information is reactivated, transferred, and redistributed to neocortical areas, thus favoring memory consolidation and integration. While they occur spontaneously, these reactivations can also be induced using external cues linked to the acquired information, such as sound or odor cues. Hence, the target memory reactivation during sleep represents an advantageous tool to improve school content in real-life settings. In this study, our goal was to improve consolidation of complex information such as a history lesson, using one session of study at school in the presence of an odor, and one reactivation round while sleeping in their homes on the same night of the acquisition, without using additional study sessions. We found that complex information can be associated with an odor in the classroom, and one session of reactivation during the first night of sleep in the students’ houses improves its consolidation. These results bring new evidence for the implementation of reactivation during sleep in real-life settings.
Brain infiltration of breast cancer stem cells is facilitated by paracrine signaling by inhibitor of differentiation 3 to nuclear respiratory factor 1
Authors: Felty Quentin , Das Jayanta K , Deoraj Alok , Roy Deodutta 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Treatment options for brain metastatic breast cancer is limited because the molecular mechanism for how breast cancer cells infiltrate the brain is not fully understood. In order for breast tumors to metastasize to the brain first cells need to detach from the primary tumor, enter in the blood circulation, survive within the microvascular niche, and then cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) to colonize into the brain. It is critical to understand how breast cancer cells transmigrate through the BBB to prevent brain metastasis. Nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) transcription factor has been reported to be highly active in several human cancers and its aberrant expression facilitates in the acquisition of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). Inhibitor of differentiation protein 3 (ID3), a transcription regulating protein, induces pluripotent endothelial stem cells (ESCs). Herein we investigated if NRF1-induced BCSCs could cross a BBB model and guiding of BCSCs by ID3-induced ESCs across the BBB. BCSCs and ESCs were subjected to functional gain/loss experiments to determine if NRF1/ID3 contributed to lineage specific BCSCs organ entry. First, we tested whether NRF1 promoted migration of breast cancer using a BBB model consisting of BCSCs or MDA-MB231 cells, brain endothelial cell layer, and astrocytes. NRF1 overexpression increased the propensity for BCSCs and NRF1-induced MDA-MB231 cells to adhere to brain endothelial cells and migrate across a human BBB model. Increased adhesion of NRF1 induced BCSCs to ESCsID3 was detected. NRF1 induced BCSCs crossed through the BBB model and this was promoted by ESCsID3. We also showed that environmental relevant exposure to PCBs (PCB153 and PCB77) produced differential effects. Treatment with PCB153 showed increased growth of NRF1 induced BCSCs tumor spheroids and increased in vivo migration of ESCsID3. Exosomal ID3 released from endothelial cells also supported the growth of NRF1 induced BCSCs and provide the basis for paracrine effects by ESCsID3 associated with breast tumors. Xenograft experiments showed that ID3 overexpressing brain ESCs not only supported the growth of BCSC tumorospheroids but guided them to the neural crest in zebrafish. These findings show for the first time a novel role for ID3 and NRF1 by which ESCsID3 help guide BCSCsNRF1 to distant metastatic sites where they most likely facilitate the colonization, survival, and proliferation of BCSCs. This knowledge is important for pre-clinical testing of NRF1/ID3 modifying agents to prevent the spread of breast cancer to the brain.
Correlation of drug resistance pattern with Lipase Production in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Devanathan Kanimozhi , Sivaraman Umadevi , Subramaniam Pramodhini , Easow Joshy 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Aim
The aim of our study is to correlate drug resistance patterns with Lipase production in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Materials and Methods
A total of 150 clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae from various clinical samples collected during the period from July 2020 to December 2020 was included in this study. Lipase production was detected by tween 80 agar and an antibiotic susceptibility test has been performed by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method as per CLSI guidelines [10]. Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers were detected by combined disc diffusion method and Carbapenemase production was detected by using the E-test strip method.
Results and Discussion
Out of 150 consecutive non-duplicate isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 74 isolates from Exudate, 7 from Blood, and 69 were from urine. Among 150 isolates, 85(56.6%) isolates produced Lipase production, 43(57.3%) were ESBL producers and 20(32.25%) isolates were positive for Carbapenemase production.
Conclusion
Showing virulence in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, and the antibiotic susceptibility pattern with lipase production in Klebsiella pneumoniae were noticed. If the virulence is increased in Klebsiella pneumoniae, a drug-resistant pattern also shows more resistance in number. And finally, to correlate the ESBL and Carbapenemase producer with lipase production, in that also the ESBL and Carbapenemase producer shows more number with lipase production. And also noted, when compared with outpatients, inpatients show more lipase production. And hence ampicillin is an intrinsic resistance to Klebsiella pneumoniae. In this study, to correlate the drug-resistant pattern, ESBL, and Carbapenemase producer with lipase production in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
A model for EEG Topography
Authors: Aru O. E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Motions of charges between neurons produce some currents. These currents emit some electromagnetic waves which could be taken by electrodes on the scalp and form topographic images. In this research, a model is proposed which formulate EEG topographic parameters in terms of charge and mass of exchanged particles between neurons, number of neurons and length of synapses. In this model, by having densities of frequencies in different regions of brain, one can predict type, charge and velocity of particles which are exchanged between neurons. Testing the model by experimental data gives the good values for parameters which are in agreement with previous predictions.
Preparation Characterization and Blood Compatibility Studies of Silk Fibroin / Gelatin / Curcumin based Injectable Hydrogels
Authors: Akulo KASSAHUN ALULA , Adali Terin , Ebedal Oğuz Han 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Hydrogel is a structure with three-dimension that have the potential to absorb and retain water inside of it. Currently hydrogels made from natural biopolymers are preferred in the discipline of biomedicine due to their nature of blood compatibility, adhesion of platelets and protein binding, ease of administration and delivery of ingredients to the place of action. The purpose of this study is preparing blood compatible injectable hydrogels from naturally obtained polymers of biomaterials in a combination of different proportion, characterizing and analyzing its physiochemical blood compatibility and morphological structures.
Methods
Three different compositions of gelatin, dialyzed SF, curcumin and N, N methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) in different groups coded by IVA, IVB and IVC were used. The combinations were evenly mixed on a magnetic stirrer. After an hour of the gelation process it has been kept under refrigerator at 4°C. For characterization and biocompatibility studies of hydrogel swelling test and biodegradation analysis, SEM, FTIR, In-vitro coagulation tests, total serum albumin and cholesterol level analysis were applied,
Results
Injectable hydrogel successfully made from the combinations of SF/GE/CU/ in the presence of a cross linker MBA and the result from physiochemical biocompatibility and morphological characteristics study were confirmed that natural biopolymers used in this study are a candidate for biomedical applications.
Conclusion
The result confirmed that the composition coded by IVC was identified the most stable composition and suitable in its morphological structure with excellent blood compatible nature recommended for further biomedical applications.
Construction of Magnetic Nanochains to Achieve Magnetic Energy Coupling in Scaffold
Authors: Shuai Cijun , Chen Xuan , He Chongxian , Qian Guowen , Shuai Yang , Yao Jia , Xu Wendi , Peng Shuping , Deng Youwen , Yang Wenjing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Fe3O4 nanoparticles are highly desired for constructing endogenous magnetic microenvironment in scaffold to accelerate bone regeneration due to their superior magnetism. However, their random arrangement easily leads to mutual consumption of magnetic poles, thereby weakening the magnetic stimulation effect. Methods: In this study, magnetic nanochains are synthesized by magnetic-field-guided interface co-assembly of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. In detail, multiple Fe3O4 nanoparticles are aligned along the direction of magnetic force lines and are connected in series to form nanochain structures under an external magnetic field. Subsequently, the nanochain structures are covered and fixed by depositing a thin layer of silica (SiO2), and consequently forming linear magnetic nanochains (Fe3O4@SiO2). The Fe3O4@SiO2 nanochains are then incorporated into poly l-lactic acid (PLLA) scaffold prepared by selective laser sintering technology.Results: The results show that the Fe3O4@SiO2 nanochains with unique core-shell structure are successfully constructed. Meanwhile, the orderly assembly of nanoparticles in the Fe3O4@SiO2 nanochains enable to form magnetic energy coupling and obtain a highly magnetic micro-field. The in vitro tests indicate that the PLLA/Fe3O4@SiO2 scaffolds exhibit superior capacity in enhancing cell activity, improving osteogenesis-related gene expressions, and inducing cell mineralization compared with PLLA and PLLA/Fe3O4 scaffolds. Conclusion: In short, the Fe3O4@SiO2 nanochains endow scaffolds with good magnetism and cytocompatibility, which have great potential in accelerating bone repair.
Combined Analysis of mRNA and miRNA Reveals the Banana Potassium Absorption Regulatory Network and Validation of miRNA160a
Authors: Chen Wenliang , Dong Tao , Chen Yinglong , Lin Ping , Wang Chuqiao , Chen Kelin , Tang Yi , Wang Mingyuan , Liu Jianfu , Yu Hailing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Potassium (K) has an important effect on the growth and development of plants. Banana contains high K content than many other fruits, and its plant requires more K nutrient in soil. However, the soil in the banana-producing areas in China is generally deficient in K. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of banana K absorption may assis in providing effective strategy to solve this problem. This study used two banana varieties with contrasting K tolerance, ‘Guijiao No. 1’ (low-K tolerant), and ‘Brazilian banana’ (low-K sensitive)to investigate K absorption mechanisms in response to low K stress through miRNA and mRNA sequencing analysis. Under low K condition, ‘Guijiao No.1’ showed higher plant height, dry weight, tissue K content and ATPase activity. Transcription factor analysis results showed that it was mainly concentrated in MYB, AP2-EREBP, bHLH, etc. The sequencing results showed that ‘Guijiao No. 1’ had 776 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 27 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs), and ‘Brazilian banana’ had 71 DEGs and 14 DEMs. RT-qPCR results showed that all miRNAs and mRNAs showed similar expression patterns with RNA-Seq and transcriptome. miRNA regulatory network was constructed by integrated analysis of miRNA-mRNA data. miR160a was screened out as a key miRNA, and preliminary functional validation was performed. Arabidopsis overexpressed miRNA160a reduced tolerance to low K, and inhibited phenotypical traits such as root length, and reduced K accumulation. The overexpressed miR160a had a targeting relationship with ARF10 and ARF16 in Arabidopsis. These results indicate that miRNA160a may regulate K absorption in bananas through the auxin pathway. This study provides a theoretical basis for further research on the molecular mechanism underlying the response of banana plants to low-K stress and for molecular breeding.