bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solutions for a quasilinear elliptic p⃗(x)${\vec{p}(x)}$‐Kirchhoff type problem with weight and nonlinear Robin boundary conditions
Authors: Ellahyani Brahim , El Hachimi Abderrahmane 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper deals with the existence and multiplicity of weak solutions to a class of quasilinear elliptic ‐Kirchhoff type problems with weight and a nonlinear Robin boundary condition such as
where Ω is a smooth bounded domain. Under suitable conditions on the data, we show the existence and multiplicity of weak solutions by means of a variational approach in the framework of anisotropic Sobolev spaces with variable exponents.
Tetramethyl Succinonitrile as a Solid Plasticizer in a Poly(ethylene oxide)8‐LiI‐I2 Solid Polymer Electrolyte
Authors: Gupta Ravindra Kumar , Shaikh Hamid , Imran Ahamad , Bedja Idriss , Aldwayyan Abdullah Saleh 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDye‐sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a promising alternative to the commercially available amorphous silicon‐based solar cell because of several advantageous properties. A DSSC with a fast ion conducting solid polymer electrolyte is required for the arid atmosphere of Gulf countries. In this work, a new matrix, poly(ethylene oxide)‐tetramethyl succinonitrile blend to synthesize a blend‐LiI‐I2 solid polymer electrolyte for the DSSC application has been proposed. The tetramethyl succinonitrile is a member of plastic crystal with a solid–solid phase transition temperature (Tpc) of ≈71 °C and melting temperature (Tm) of ≈170.5 °C. Its molar fraction, 0.1–0.15 is sufficient enough for synthesizing a polymer electrolyte with electrical conductivity of >10–4 S cm–1 at room temperature. This electrolyte shows Vogel–Tamman–Fulcher type behavior with a low value (≈0.083 eV) of pseudo‐activation energy for easy ion transport. The results of Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffractometry, and differential scanning calorimetry studies reveal the plasticizing effect of tetramethyl succinonitrile to form an amorphous phase. This electrolyte results in a ≈661% gain in short‐circuit current density and thereby a ≈552% gain in the cell efficiency (≈3.5%) with respect to the DSSC prepared with the tetramethyl succinonitrile‐free electrolyte.
Wisteria trellises and tents as tools for improved thermal comfort and heat stress mitigation: Meteorological, physiological, and psychological analyses considering the relaxation effect of greenery
Authors: Kusaka Hiroyuki , Asano Yuki , Kimura Ryuhei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this study, wet‐bulb globe temperature (WBGT) was measured under wisteria trellises, under tents, and in direct sunlight. In addition, a subject experiment was conducted to consider the relaxation effect of the greenery. In terms of WBGT, the risk of heatstroke under the wisteria trellis was one level lower than that in direct sunlight. The mitigation effect of the wisteria trellis was greater than that of the tent. The difference in WBGT beneath the wisteria trellis and under the tent was primarily due to varied black‐globe temperature (i.e., the difference in radiation environment). The wisteria trellis blocked most of the solar radiation, and its effect on the small aggregation of leaves reduced the increase in the leaf surface temperature and downward longwave radiation. The tent material allowed more solar radiation and increased the temperature of the tent surface. The questionnaire responses revealed that the subjects felt cooler and more comfortable under the wisteria trellis than under the tent, with or without a blindfold.
Exposure of Juvenile Lake Sturgeon to Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs), Including Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs): Location Differences and Effects on Thyroid Hormones
Authors: Hummel Stephanie Longstaff , Bellamy Amber , Tucker William A. , Eckes Orey T. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) are ubiquitous throughout aquatic environments. Previous research has shown that CECs can have detrimental effects on fish biology, potentially leading to population impacts. Specifically, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), a class of CECs, have been shown to alter thyroid hormones in fish, which can impact development, endocrine system functioning, and possibly imprinting. These impacts can lead to reproductive effects and population declines, which have serious implications for species of conservation priority, such as the Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens. To assess the effects of CECs and PBDEs, Lake Sturgeon were evaluated at rearing facilities within the Great Lakes basin during 2017–2018 to determine (1) whether exposure to CECs and PBDEs differs between facility locations and (2) whether changes in whole-body PBDE concentrations correlate with changes in thyroid hormones (triiodothyronine [T3] and thyroxine [T4]), which could indicate impacts to imprinting. Exposure to CECs and PBDEs differed among sites. The CECs that were detected in water across all sites included atrazine, hexachlorobenzene, N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), desethylatrazine, erythromycin, and metformin, with the highest concentrations (except for DEET) measured at the Maumee River (Ohio) streamside rearing facility. We detected PBDEs in every sample of water, food, and Lake Sturgeon eggs and whole bodies, and there were no differences in lipid-normalized total PBDE concentrations in whole bodies across sites. Concentrations of total PBDE and the PBDE congeners 47, 99, 100, 153, 154, and 209 in fish tissues did not correlate with serum T3 and T4 levels, indicating that observed concentrations were unlikely to negatively impact Lake Sturgeon rearing for the biological endpoints assessed. Overall, this study exemplifies a cautionary tale since CECs and PBDEs were identified throughout Lake Sturgeon habitat and in hatchery food sources. Fisheries managers should be aware of the potential for CEC and PBDE impacts even though current observed levels do not seem to be impacting Lake Sturgeon rearing success.
Influence of body composition assessed by computed tomography on mortality in older adults undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Koch Ludmila de Oliveira Muniz , Pereira Andrea Z. , Hamerschlak Nelson , Castro Adham do Amaral e , Tachibana Adriano , Victor Elivane da Silva , Filho Reynaldo Jesus Garcia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence of most hematologic malignancies increases with age. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) provides a potentially life‐prolonging or curative option for many patients in this scenario. Limited data assessed from computed tomography (CT) images are available on muscle mass and density outcomes after HSCT. We evaluate the influence of body composition on morbidity and mortality in older adults undergoing HSCT.MethodsRetrospective longitudinal study conducted with 50 patients ≥ 60 years old undergoing HSCT. Body composition was assessed by chest CT (CCT), and treatment‐related mortality, graft‐vs‐host disease (GVHD), neutrophil grafting, and overall survival were analyzed.Results148 HSCT patients were evaluated; 50 patients were eligible: 60% with autologous and 40% with allogeneic transplantation. Body mass index in patients was (female: 26.9 ± 4.7 kg/m2; male: 30.1 ± 4.9 kg/m2) ‐ autologous and, (female: 24.3 ± 5.1 kg/m2; male: 26.4 ± 2.0 kg/m2) ‐ allogeneic. In the autologous group, we found a positive association between age and death risk, with 63.5% increased risk of death (P = 0.006), and also Karnofsky Performance Score, with a 11.9% decrease in death risk (P < 0.001). A negative association between muscle radiodensity and death risk was observed in patients who received an allogeneic transplantation, with a risk decrease of 20.1% (P = 0.032). We found a positive association between the fourth thoracic vertebra muscle area and radiodensity and risk of acute GVHD (P = 0.028).ConclusionBody composition assessed by CCT showed the importance of radiodensity for better prognosis.
B‐DNA Structure and Stability: The Role of Nucleotide Composition and Order
Authors: Nieuwland Celine , Hamlin Trevor A. , Fonseca Guerra Célia , Barone Giampaolo , Bickelhaupt F. Matthias 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe have quantum chemically analyzed the influence of nucleotide composition and sequence (that is, order) on the stability of double‐stranded B‐DNA triplets in aqueous solution. To this end, we have investigated the structure and bonding of all 32 possible DNA duplexes with Watson–Crick base pairing, using dispersion‐corrected DFT at the BLYP‐D3(BJ)/TZ2P level and COSMO for simulating aqueous solvation. We find enhanced stabilities for duplexes possessing a higher GC base pair content. Our activation strain analyses unexpectedly identify the loss of stacking interactions within individual strands as a destabilizing factor in the duplex formation, in addition to the better‐known effects of partial desolvation. Furthermore, we show that the sequence‐dependent differences in the interaction energy for duplexes of the same overall base pair composition result from the so‐called “diagonal interactions” or “cross terms”. Whether cross terms are stabilizing or destabilizing depends on the nature of the electrostatic interaction between polar functional groups in the pertinent nucleobases.
An Electrochemical Way to Generate Amphiphiles from Hydrazones for the Synthesis of 1,2,4‐Triazole Scaffold Cyclic Compounds
Authors: Li Wangyu , Xiong Mingteng , Liang Xiao , Wang Dungai , Zhu Heping , Pan Yuanjiang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAn electro‐oxidative cyclization pathway in which hydrazones are selected as starting materials to generate amphiphiles by reacting with benzylamines and benzamides was reported. This strategy successfully prepared a series of 1,2,4‐triazoles in satisfactory yields. Moreover, the use of cheap stainless steel as the anode, the feasibility to conduct the transformation as a one‐pot reaction and the proof that scaling‐up these reactions is possible make this transformation attractive for potential application in industry.
Global Neuroblastoma Network: An international multidisciplinary neuroblastoma tumor board for resource‐limited countries
Authors: Matthay Katherine K. , Hylton Jennifer , Penumarthy Neela , Khattab Mohammed , Soh Shui Yen , Nguyen Hoa Thi Kim , Alcasabas Ana Patricia , Fawzy Mohammed , Saab Raya , Khan Muhammad Saghir , Ghandour Khalil , Chantada Guillermo , Parikh Nehal S. , Faulkner Lawrence , Lam Catherine G. , Howard Scott C. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundTumor boards are part of standard care of patients with complex cancers, but appropriate multidisciplinary expertise and infrastructure are often not available in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMIC) for pediatric cancers, such as neuroblastoma. Our goal was to review results of a Global Neuroblastoma Network (GNN) tumor board accessible to LMIC.MethodsDe‐identified clinical cases presented via internet conference during a weekly GNN virtual tumor board from 2010 through 2020 were evaluated in a standardized format, including diagnostic imaging, pathology, therapy information, resource limitations, and questions for discussion. Information summarized included the presentations, a survey of the impact on care, and a resource questionnaire.ResultsRegistered GNN participants included 575 individuals from 77 countries, with a median of 39 participants per session. Total 412 cases were presented from 32 countries, including 351 unique neuroblastoma patients, 52 follow‐up cases, and nine non‐neuroblastoma diagnoses. Twenty‐eight educational sessions were presented. Limited critical resources for diagnostics and staging of cases included MYCN analysis (54.7%), metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scans (38.7%), and International Neuroblastoma Pathology Classification (49%). Therapies were also limited, with markedly decreased use of radiation and autologous stem cell transplant for high‐risk cases, and no availability of anti‐GD2 antibody in LMIC. Limited sampling with a post‐presentation survey showed that 100% found the GNN helpful, and 70% altered the care plan based on the discussion.ConclusionThis report shows the utility of an international tumor board for LMIC focused on a challenging solid tumor where local expertise may be limited, with international multidisciplinary expert participation and educational sessions.
Comparison of mechanical properties and thermal stability of graphene‐based materials and halloysite nanotubes reinforced maleated polymer compatibilized polypropylene nanocomposites
Authors: Ezenkwa Obinna Emmanuel , Hassan Azman , Samsudin Sani Amril 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study compares the reinforcing effects of graphene nanoplatelets (GNP), graphene oxide (GO), and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) in polypropylene (PP) based nanocomposites with PP‐g‐maleic anhydride (MAPP) as compatibilizer. PP/GNP/MAPP, PP/GO/MAPP, and PP/HNTs/MAPP nanocomposites were fabricated at nanofillers contents 1, 2, 3, 4 parts per hundred (phr) and MAPP at 4 phr, to PP matrix, using melt extrusion and injection molding techniques. Results show that at nanofillers optimum content, PP/GNP3/MAPP nanocomposite increased in tensile strength and modulus by 8% and 96%, respectively, compared to pure PP (p ˂ 0.05). PP/GNP3/MAPP nanocomposite also increased in tensile strength and modulus by 2% and 4% respectively, compared to PP/GO2/MAPP (p ˂ 0.05) and 2% and 15% compared to PP/HNTs2/MAPP (p ˂ 0.05) nanocomposites. For impact strength performance, PP/GNP2/MAPP nanocomposite increased in impact strength (notched) by 104% compared to pure PP (p ˂ 0.05). Also, PP/GNP2/MAPP nanocomposite increased in impact strength by 23% compared to PP/GO1/MAPP (p ˂ 0.05) and 13% compared to PP/HNTs1/MAPP (p ˂ 0.05), nanocomposites. In flexural properties, PP/GO4/MAPP nanocomposite increased in flexural strength and modulus by 24% and 28%, respectively, compared to pure PP (p ˂ 0.05). Also, PP/GO4/MAPP nanocomposite increased in flexural strength and modulus by 4% and 9%, respectively, compared to PP/GNP2/MAPP nanocomposite, and 9% and 21% respectively compared to PP/HNTs2/MAPP nanocomposite. PP/GNP2/MAPP nanocomposite increased in thermal stability by 12°C compared to pure PP; 29°C compared to PP/GO2/MAPP; and 15°C compared to PP/HNTs2/MAPP nanocomposites. Overall, PP/GNP/MAPP nanocomposite exhibited superior mechanical properties and thermal stability compared to PP/GO/MAPP and PP/HNTs/MAPP nanocomposites. PP/GO/MAPP was superior for bending properties while PP/HNTs/MAPP was best for ductility.
Enhancing mechanical, thermal property and flame retardancy of optical polythiourethane with self‐assembly phosphazene nanoparticles
Authors: Jia Yaya , Jin Junsu , Meng Hong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPolythiourethane (PTU) has attracted considerable attention in engineering building materials. Here, based on phosphazene nanoparticles (PZS‐1 and PZS‐2) prepared by water‐triggered and ultrasonic self‐assembly method, phosphazene/polythiourethane (PZS/PTU) composites with excellent mechanical strength, high flame retardancy and good transparency was obtained. Then, the comprehensive properties of both composites were evaluated, where PZS‐2 endowed PTU with better overall performance. Due to the good dispersibility of PZS and its strengthed interfacial interaction with PTU matrix, both PZS significantly enhanced mechanical and thermal property of PTU, where the tensile strength and glass transition temperature of PZS/PTU composites reached to 84.34 MPa and 59.94°C respectively. More importantly, compared to pure PTU, the values of peak heat release rate (HRR), total heat release rate (THR), smoke production rate (SPR), and total smoke production (TSP) of composites were decreased by 10.5%, 13.3%, 30.6% and 18.0%, respectively. The limiting oxygen index of composites was improved to 21.39% due to the catalytic carbonization of PZS, the expanded carbon layer and the incombustible gases released during combustion. Meanwhile, the PZS/PTU composite exhibited the high refractive index of 1.6580 and good transparency (not less than 85% at 500 nm). The PZS/PTU composite was promising candidates for optical flame retardant coatings and engineering building materials.
Congenital myotonic dystrophy: An overlooked diagnosis not amenable to detection by sequencing
Authors: Rogers Rosemary , Moyer Kelly , Moise Kenneth J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo increase the clinical awareness of the need for genetic evaluation for congenital myotonic dystrophy (CDM1) in cases of fetal akinesia sequence and idiopathic polyhydramnios.MethodsRetrospective case review.ResultsA 27 y.o. G1P0 with no significant family history presented for ultrasound at 25 weeks gestation. Notable findings included lack of extension of the fetal arms and legs with bilateral talipes consistent with fetal akinesia sequence. Polyhydramnios with an amniotic fluid index of 32.2 cm was also present. Amniotic fluid obtained by amniocentesis was sent for chromosomal microarray and a next generation sequencing fetal akinesia panel which both returned normal. The patient underwent serial amnioreductions for recurrent severe polyhydramnios with removal of a total of 9.3 L. Further amniotic fluid testing for CDM1 identified >200 repeats in one copy of the fetal DMPK gene, consistent with a diagnosis of CDM1. The patient was delivered at 35 weeks gestation and neonatal demise occurred on the second day of life.ConclusionCongenital myotonic dystrophy should be a consideration for cases of severe polyhydramnios identified by ultrasound. Myotonic dystrophy is detected using PCR and southern blot and is not typically included on next generation sequencing (NGS) panels that test for similar conditions. Clinicians should consider more specialized genetic testing than microarray and NGS in these cases.
Resiliency and academic engagement: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Yang Jiemei , Xu Jingyi , Zhang Hui 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe present study examined whether general self‐efficacy (GSE) mediated the association between resiliency and academic engagement, and whether social support moderated the mediating process. Participants included 1549 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 16.71 years old, 629 boys). Using self‐reported questionnaires, our study found that, after controlling for youth age, sex, and family socioeconomic status, GSE partially mediated the positive relation between resiliency and academic engagement. Further, social support moderated the association between resiliency and GSE, as well as the association between resiliency and academic engagement. Findings underline the significance of identifying the mediating and moderating factors linking resiliency and academic engagement. Implications and future research directions were discussed.
Synthesis, Characterization and Derivatives of Iso‐Picramic Acid
Authors: Klapötke Thomas M. , Lechner Jasmin T. , Stierstorfer Jörg 
Published: January 2022

AbstractComparing the sensitive explosives DDNP (2‐diazonium‐4,6‐dinitrophenolate) with iso‐DDNP (para‐DDNP, 4‐diazonium‐2,6‐dinitrophenolate), it seems obvious that with increasing symmetry in the molecule, the energetic parameters also increase. This work therefore investigates whether the same trend can be applied for the isomers picramic acid (2‐amino‐4,6‐dinitrophenol) and iso‐picramic acid (para picramic acid, 4‐amino‐2,6‐dinitrophenol). For this purpose, iso‐picramic acid was synthesized and compared with the properties of picramic acid. In addition, selected ionic and other energetic derivatives such as 2,6‐dinitro‐4‐(5H‐tetrazol‐1‐yl)phenol were synthesized. The compounds were extensively studied by XRD, IR, EA, DTA and TGA. Further, their sensitivities towards impact and friction were investigated and the energetic properties were computed using the EXPLO5 code.
The biological and physiological responses of Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Col. Chrysomelidae) to different potato cultivars
Authors: Golizadeh Mahdieh , Mehrkhou Fariba , Atlihan Remzi , Güz Nurper 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe use of pest‐resistant or less susceptible plant varieties is of great importance for integrated pest management programs. This study was conducted to evaluate the resistance of seven potato cultivars to a major pest, namely the Colorado potato beetle (CPB), by measuring its bio‐physiological aspects.RESULTSThe longest developmental time and the lowest survival rate of CPB were detected on cultivar ‘Manitou.’ Although the larvae fed voraciously, the food conversion efficiency was the lowest on this cultivar leading to the lowest relative growth rate. Furthermore, larvae reared on Manitou had the lowest total protease activity and specific activity values of cathepsin B compared to the larvae reared on other cultivars. Additionally, the cluster analysis showed that the Manitou cultivar was the least suitable (partially resistant) CPB. Moreover, the results indicated that the protein content was the lowest in the Manitou cultivar; conversely, this cultivar was rich in polyphenol and flavonoid compared to Agria and Santae cultivars.CONCLUSIONThe overall results in this study indicated that the Manitou cultivar might be a good candidate to be incorporated into integrated pest management programs. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Decline in fertility in Paris: An intraurban spatial analysis
Authors: Brée Sandra , Doignon Yoann 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe decline in fertility has been the subject of much research, particularly on the countries that were the precursors of this historic decline. But, if research has focused on the mechanisms of the adoption of birth control, studies about the changes in fertility in cities are less frequent. To fill this gap, this article proposes to study Paris, the city where the lowest marital fertility levels were measured during the 19th century (Brée, 2017; 10.4000/lectures.22911). The objective of this paper is to understand the spread of this intensive birth control on an intraurban scale. This approach is original because there is almost no study that examines 19th century changes in fertility on an intraurban scale. We use spatial statistics and spatial panel modelling to consider both the incidence of birth control behaviour and the socio‐economic characteristics of the districts studied, and those of the neighbouring districts, to distinguish between adaptation and diffusion effects. These methods constitute another originality of the article insofar as this type of model remains very little used in historical demography. The results highlight important spatial disparities within Paris. We also show both the importance of the social composition on the level of fertility in the districts and the strong effect of the behaviours in the neighbouring districts in the fertility change.