bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The mythology of socialist realism: a politicized construction or a return to the origins?
Authors: Фотиева И.В. 
Published: April 2022

В статье анализируются различные точки зрения на мифологию как таковую и на мифологический комплекс, лежащий в основании направления социалистического реализма в изобразительном искусстве. Утверждается, что квазирелигиозный характер доктрины социализма породил множество пересечений с мифологиями древних культур в представлениях о борьбе добра и зла и наступлении «золотого века» (светлого будущего); в образах героев и богов. При этом подчеркивается, что эти образы и представления, как и древняя мифология в целом, сегодня получают новое истолкование как отражение неких бытийных закономерностей, в связи с уходом от узко-материалистической картины мира. Соответственно, утверждается конструктивный и жизнеутверждающий характер лучших произведений, созданных в направлении социалистического реализма.
The article analyzes different points of view on mythology as such and on the mythological complex underlying the direction of socialist realism in the visual arts. It is argued that the quasi-religious nature of the doctrine of socialism gave rise to many intersections with the mythologies of ancient cultures in ideas about the struggle between good and evil and the onset of the “golden age” (bright future); in the images of heroes and gods. At the same time, it is emphasized that these images and ideas, as well as ancient mythology as a whole, today receive a new interpretation as a reflection of certain existential patterns, in connection with the departure from the narrowly materialistic picture of the world. Accordingly, the constructive and life-affirming nature of the best works created in the direction of socialist realism is affirmed.
MANY ARE CRYING, “WHO WILL SHOW US ANY GOOD?” – VOICES OF DECEMBER 2007 POST-ELECTION VIOLENCE VICTIMS IN KENYA
Authors: Mbutu Paul , Wanjigi Jimi 
Published: April 2022

Purpose: This study analyzes and brings to light the voices of the victims who suffered particularly the socio-economic effects of the 2007 December violence and land clashes that took place in Kenya. During the 2007 December violence and land clashes, women, children and men were affected differently by the conflict, with women and children suffering most of the effects such as death, physical injuries and insufficient resources to take care of their basic needs. Consequently, as women experienced the immediate consequences of the conflict, they were the first to receive humanitarian assistance from international Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) like the Red Cross and a few indigenous ones. The voices of the victims narrating the violence they went through and the trauma they lived with would engage the minds of peace-caring persons to speak against violence of this nature in the future.
Methodology: Utilizing a qualitative study approach, the study focuses on 17 interview transcripts, statements taken from Kenyan newspapers of January 2008, online newspapers during the same period, eyewitness accounts as recorded in papers. For the theoretical framework, I used thematic analysis because these were stories “told” by the affected individuals.
Findings: My aim was to purposely establish how the rhetorical narratives as told by the affected individuals “chain out”. Are there any running main themes and patterns across the narratives? What is the “master narrative? What are the “counter narratives”, how are they constructed, and how do they attack the master narrative? One of the key issues I identified in my literature review as the cause of violence in Kenya is land. Violence was rampant and severe in the rich agricultural region of the Rift Valley.
Unique contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The study underscores the importance of listening to people’s voices and the stories as told by the victims themselves. Narrative framework and mainly thematic analysis framework helped in the analysis of the stories told by the violence victims. The country seemed to be polarized along ethnic lines – which to me, is a big deterrent for development. Politically, people need to be educated on their political rights and not be misused by politicians for their own advantage. The government, the judicial system, the church and the Electoral Commission of Kenya should address the issues raised by these traumatized and overwhelmed individuals.
&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;O analyses of bulk lipids as novel paleoclimate tool in loess research – a pilot study
Authors: Labahn Jakob , Bittner Lucas , Hirschmann Philip , Roettig Christopher-Bastian , Burghardt Diana , Glaser Bruno , Marković Slobodan B. , Zech Michael 
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The analysis of the stable oxygen isotopes 18O and
16O has revolutionized paleoclimate research since the middle of the
last century. Particularly, δ18O of ice cores from Greenland
and Antarctica is used as a paleotemperature proxy, and δ18O of deep-sea
sediments is used as a proxy for global ice volume. Important terrestrial
archives to which δ18O as a paleoclimate proxy is successfully
applied are speleothems, lake sediments, or tree rings. By contrast, δ18O applications to loess–paleosol sequences (LPSs) are scarce. Here
we present a first continuous δ18O record (n=50) for the LPS
Crvenka in Serbia, southeastern Europe, spanning the last glacial–interglacial cycle
(since 145 ka). From a methodological point of view, we took
advantage of a recently proposed paleoclimate/paleohydrological proxy based on
bulk δ18O analyses of plant-derived lipids. The Crvenka δ18Obulk lipid values range between −10.2 ‰
and +23.0 ‰ and are systematically more positive in
the interglacial and interstadial (paleo-)soils corresponding to marine
oxygen-isotope stage (MIS) 1, 3, and 5, compared to the loess layers (MIS 2,
4, and 6). Our Crvenka δ18Obulk lipid record provides no
evidence for the occurrence of interstadials and stadials comparable to the
Dansgaard–Oeschger events known from the Greenland δ18Oice core records. Concerning the interpretation of our Crvenka δ18Obulk lipid record, plant-derived lipids such as fatty acids
and alcohols are certainly strongly influenced by climatic factors such as
temperature (via δ18Oprecipitation) and relative air
humidity (via 18O enrichment of leaf water due to evapotranspiration).
However, pool effects in the form of non-water-correlated lipids such as
sterols or the input of root-derived lipids need to be considered, too.
Similarly, the input of soil-microbial lipids and oxygen exchange reactions
represent uncertainties challenging quantitative paleoclimate/paleohydrological
reconstructions based on δ18Obulk lipid analyses from LPSs.
Forecasting the regional fire radiative power for regularly ignited vegetation fires
Authors: Partanen Tero M. , Sofiev Mikhail 
Published: April 2022

Abstract. This paper presents a phenomenological framework for forecasting the area-integrated fire radiative power from wildfires. In the method, a region of interest is covered with a regular grid, whose cells are uniquely and independently parameterized with regard to the fire intensity according to (i) the fire incidence history, (ii) the retrospective meteorological information, and (iii) remotely sensed high-temporal-resolution fire radiative power taken together with (iv) consistent cloud mask data. The parameterization is realized by fitting the predetermined functions for diurnal and annual profiles of fire radiative power to the remote-sensing observations. After the parametrization, the input for the fire radiative power forecast is the meteorological data alone, i.e. the weather forecast. The method is tested retrospectively for south-central African savannah areas with the grid cell size of 1.5°×1.5°. The input data included ECMWF ERA5 meteorological reanalysis and SEVIRI/MSG (Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infra-Red Imager on board Meteosat Second Generation) fire radiative power and cloud mask data. It has been found that in the areas with a large number of wildfires regularly ignited on a daily basis during dry seasons from year to year, the temporal fire radiative power evolution is quite predictable, whereas the areas with irregular fire behaviour, predictability was low. The predictive power of the method is demonstrated by comparing the predicted fire radiative power patterns and fire radiative energy values against the corresponding remote-sensing observations. The current method showed good skills for the considered African regions and was useful in understanding the challenges in predicting the wildfires in a more general case.
Exploring the Socio-Economic Condition of Gram’s Farmers and Bottlenecks to Rural Development in Barani Thall (Rainfed) Areas of District Bhakkar, Pakistan.
Authors: Jswd Jswd , Asghar Arslan , Khan Musarrat , Safdar Muhammad 
Published: April 2022

Gram (Chickpea) is a major pulse crop of Pakistan mostly grown in the Thall desert Districts of the Punjab Province. All social, cultural, and economic activities of the farming population are mostly dependent on the income from this crop. The present descriptive study deals with the socio-economic condition of Gram’s Farmers and reveals the major reasons behind the low yield of crops. The data was collected from a sample of 100 Gram cultivating farmers taken from 4 Tehsils of District Bhakkar using a convenient sampling technique. The researcher used an Interview schedule for data collection. Findings showed that 83 percent of the total sampled population use 100 % proportion of their land only for gram cultivation and 91 % of farmers were cultivating the gram crop under the Rain-fed irrigation method. The 56 % of respondents were suffering from the low yield of crops for about last 6-7 years and the majority 88 % said that the major reason behind low yield is less and uncertain rains in the area due to climate change. The net income from 2020-21 crops was less than the farmer’s expenses. The present study confirmed the relationship between climate uncertainty & poor socio-economic condition with a low yield of crops resulting in poor rural development.
EFFECTIVENESS OF DRY NEEDLING ON THE LUMBAR PARASPINAL MUSCLE IN PATIENTS WITH MECHANICAL BACK PAIN: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: Zia Aneela , Sajjad Abdul Ghafoor , Hafeez Ambreen , Altaf Shafaq , Khan Nouman , Malik Reem Javed 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of dry needling and sustained pressure in the lumbar paraspinal trigger points in terms of pain threshold and muscle length.
Methodology: 50 patients were randomly allocated in experimental and control group having lumbar paraspinal muscle trigger points. Experimental and control groups received dry needling and sustained pressure along with stretching and strengthening exercises. Patients were assessed at 1st pre and 4th post session using Oswestry disability index, paraspinal muscle length, visual analogue scale and pain pressure threshold using algometer.
Results: Pain pressure threshold and visual analogue scale showed significant results whereas Oswestry disability index and paraspinal muscle length showed no significant results (P>0.01). Analysis within the group showed significant difference from pre to post intervention level (P<0.01) in terms of pain pressure threshold, paraspinal muscle length, Oswestry disability index and visual analogue scale in experimental and control group.
Conclusion: Pain was improved using dry needling. However, no significant improvement was seen in patient’s disability and lumbar paraspinal muscle length.
Key words: Dry needling, Oswestry disability index, Paraspinal muscle, Trigger points, Visual analogue scale.
EFFECTS OF TASK-ORIENTED TRAINING ON WALKING IN CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY
Authors: Rafique Dr. Nazish 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT.
BACKGROUND: Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a common neurological deficit in children which hinders the child’s functional performance. Task-oriented training is considered to focus on functional aspects of the patient to improve movements and overall performance of functional tasks.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of task-oriented training on walking and balance in children with spastic diplegic Cerebral Palsy (CP).
METHODS: A randomized control trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04561349) was conducted on 44 CP children. Both male and female children were randomized into an experimental group (Task-oriented training) and control group (mat activities and range of motion exercises). Children with spasticity ? 2, age 4-14 years, who could walk and follow commands were included. However, children with cognitive impairment, lower limb surgery in the last 6 months, tetraplegic CP were excluded. Children were assessed before and after an intervention. The outcome measures were Gross Motor Function Classification Scale (GMFC), Timed Up and Go (TUG), Functional Walking Test (FWT), and Modified Ashworth scale.
RESULTS: Out of 38, 53.3% males and 44.7% females with the mean age of 9.3 ± 2.9 years. The experimental group had significant improvement in walking as the p-value for both TUG and FWT was significant after the 6th week (p< 0.05) but no significant change in MMT and MAS was observed (P>0.05).
CONCLUSION: It is concluded that both techniques are effective to improve walking and balance in CP children. However, task-oriented training has a significant improvement in walking and balance in spastic CP children.
KEYWORDS: Cerebral Palsy, Cognitive Impairment, Spasticity, Walking.
Reproducing Inheritance: How the Country Music Association’s Award Criteria Reinforce Industry White Supremacy Capitalist Patriarchy
Authors: Watson Jada 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
In May 2020, the Country Music Association (CMA) announced changes to criteria for Single of the Year category. Instead of reaching the Top 50 of Billboard’s and Country Aircheck’s charts, the new criterion requires that a song reach the Top 10 to be eligible for nomination. While narrowing the chart positions was done to “diversify” nominations—decreasing the number of eligible songs by men to increase opportunity for (white) women—the revised criterion puts extra burden on Black, Indigenous, and artists of color, especially women, who have historically been disadvantaged by industry practices. Drawing on Sara Ahmed’s (2014) work on the relationality of citational practices, this article reflects on the ways in which data reinforces what bell hooks (2006) terms white supremacist capitalist patriarchal values that have governed the country music industry for nearly a century.
Keeping More Achievers in School: Short-Term Enrollment and Achievement Effects of Free Primary Education in the Benin Republic
Authors: Somasse Gbetonmasse B. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
With the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), several African governments are making education free as part of their strategies to achieve universal primary education. In 2006, the Benin government adopted a Free Primary Education (FPE) policy, abolishing parent-paid tuition fees and increasing resources towards schools. In this article, the author examines whether or not this policy reduced the wealth and gender gap and prior geographical disparities in educational outcomes. Also evaluated is whether expanded access to education affected student achievement. The methodology used was a difference-in-differences approach that relied on pre-policy differences in dropout rates across municipalities to identify the effects of the policy. Analyzing municipality and household-level data, the author found evidence that the fee elimination policy reduced inequality of access by increasing school completion rates for traditionally disadvantaged groups, which included girls and low-income populations. The increased enrollment also had no significant adverse effect on student achievement as measured by the probability of passing the primary school exit exam. Moreover, the policy potentially helped low-performing municipalities narrow the achievement gap by retaining more high-achieving students, who would otherwise have dropped out of the education system. If strategies such as making schooling more affordable and available are enough to narrow educational disparities and retain more high-achieving students in the education system with potentially positive peer effects, then Benin’s experience may have important policy implications for other African and developing countries that use similar education strategies.
Gender Differential Effects of Technical and Vocational Training: Empirical Evidence for Tanzania
Authors: Joseph Cornel , Leyaro Vincent 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
This article investigates the gender differential effects of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) in Tanzania, using data from the 2014 Integrated Labour Force Survey (ILFS). The multinomial logit model results for employment mobility show that TVET training significantly improves males’ as well as females’ chances of entering into formal employment, while reducing their probability of working in the informal and agriculture sectors or being unemployed. The results further show that although TVET training increases males’ as well as females’ earnings significantly, the returns to TVET training are substantially higher and are more statistically significant for females than for males. The decomposed gender earnings gap using the Oaxaca (1973) and Blinder (1973) decomposition technique revealed that there is a significant gender earning gap in Tanzania; males tend to earn significantly higher incomes than females. The result implies that investing in girls’ education and skills training will play a significant role toward progress in gender equality, poverty eradication, and inclusive economic growth.
Climate Literacy and UN Peacekeepers: Implications for Peace and Stability
Authors: Khalid Mehmood Shafi and Muhammad Athar Javed  
Published: April 2022

This article examines the role of UN peacekeepers in creating awareness about the effects of climate change and establishes links with national security policy making process in host nations. A social survey was carried out to determine links between the United Nations Peace Keeping Operations (UNPKOs) and importance of climatic literacy. The data was gathered from 120 UN peacekeepers, 84 per cent of them supported constructive perspective of climatic literacy in maintaining peace and stability in conflict zones. Since the impact of climate change is a wide subject, the scope of this article, therefore, is limited to how the UN peacekeepers can help the host nations through climate literacy campaign.
This paper is a contribution to a global awareness campaign as well as source of empirical evidence to enhance capacity of UNPKOs and the host nations to help formulate a sustainable policymaking process to counter the threats of climate change. The article concludes that there is a need to consider climate change as a national and international security threat and, therefore, building capacity of UN peacekeepers through climate literacy program is important.
IoT based blind stick
Authors: Sathiyaseelan R , Neethidevan V 
Published: April 2022

Today visually impaired person have to face lot of struggles in their day to day life. In this system proposed a novel approach to help them in the form of blind stick which is used to guide them, by producing buzzer to alert them with a beeps sound. With the help of ultrasonic sensor any object such as obstacles could be easily find. Using GPS technology system could easily track a blind person easily. If any relative of the visually impaired people wants to know the current location could be known with the help of microphone and speaker. In case any problem they could send messages for a relative with the help of GSM. Hence this work entitled “IoT Based Blind Stick” is proposed to help visually impaired person. This proposed system is implemented using Arduino. An IoT project is useful for the blind person and sensors are also connecting to a blind stick. They can use this stick for safe walk and they could move from one place to another place.
Medicine sales management system with user-friendly dashboard and long term client relationship support
Authors: Amirtharaj S. , Selvamani V. 
Published: April 2022

The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a standard modeling notation used for modeling systems for which computer applications are to be developed. The objective of this system is to design models for a Medicine Sales Management System using the UML. Modeling and implementation are done with the goal of improving the user-friendliness of the Dashboard and supporting long term customer relationship by using different modules like Deals, Contacts and others. In this system, the people interested to buy medicines and surgical equipments are considered as leads and they become contacts of the system. A profile is created and provided to them. Then the system let them know the product details and the deals available for the medicines. Once they purchase a product, the contacts become customers. The customer can easily manage their profile and view their activities through their dashboard. The medicines are sold using the system and tracked similar to scheduling the calls. The tracked data are stored and maintained. Users can view the purchase details of the customer like the type of medicine and quantity purchased.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN DALAM PEMBERIAN PROMO TIKET PADA MEMBER DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE MULTI-OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION BY RATIO ANALYSIS (MOORA) PADA PT. VINA TOUR & TRAVEL
Authors: Andika Beni , Azmi Zulfian , Boy Ahmad Fitri , Yetri Milfa , Ishak Ishak 
Published: April 2022

PT. Vina Tour & TravelÂ merupakan perusahaan bergerak dalam penjualan tiket travel dan memiliki member banyak. Setiap member yang ingin memesan tiket, member yang bersangkutan dapat datang langsung ke agen atau menghubungi no telepon yang tersedia. Member yang datang atau menghubungi contact center, memilih jenis layanan. Seiring bertambahnya jumlah transaksi, dapat dianalisa ataupun menyeleksi juga bahwa sebagian besar transaksi berasal dari member yang sudah terdaftar di perusahaan cukup lama, sehingga perusahaan ingin memberikan promosi tiket kepada para member yang masih setia dan tetap menggunakan jasa agen tiket PT. Vina Tour & Travel. Oleh sebab itu perusahaan dalam menentukanÂ pemberian promo tiket pada member PT. Vina Tour & Travel, Maka dibutuhkan suatu sistemÂ yang dapat membantuÂ dalam mengambil keputusan, yaitu Sistem Pendukung Keputusan.Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Sistem pendukung keputusan dapat hadir dalam bentuk sederhana berupa pengolahan data aplikasi yang kompleks dan juga dimanfaatkan untuk mempercepat dan meningkatkan kualitas proses pembuatan keputusan dalam pemberian promo tiket. Maka metode sistem pendukung keputusan yang dapat mengomptimalkan secara bersamaan dua atau lebih atribut (sasaran) yaitu metode MOORAÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Metode MOORA mudah dipahami dan fleksibel dalam memisahkan objek hingga proses evaluasi kriteria bobot keputusan. Dengan menggunakan metode MOORA dapat pemilihan dalamÂ pemberian promo tiket pada member PT. Vina Tour & Travel. Untuk membantu PT. Vina Tour & Travel dalam menentukanÂ pemberian promo tiket pada member, dibutuhkan suatu sistem yang dapat mempermudah pengambil keputusan secara akurat dan efisien.