bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Parkinson's Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Oliveira Paloma Cristina Alves de , Araújo Thiago Anderson Brito de , Machado Daniel Gomes da Silva , Rodrigues Abner Cardoso , Bikson Marom , Andrade Suellen Marinho , Okano Alexandre Hideki , Simplicio Hougelle , Pegado Rodrigo , Morya Edgard 
Published: January 2022

Background: Clinical impact of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) alone for Parkinson's disease (PD) is still a challenge. Thus, there is a need to synthesize available results, analyze methodologically and statistically, and provide evidence to guide tDCS in PD.Objective: Investigate isolated tDCS effect in different brain areas and number of stimulated targets on PD motor symptoms.Methods: A systematic review was carried out up to February 2021, in databases: Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of science. Full text articles evaluating effect of active tDCS (anodic or cathodic) vs. sham or control on motor symptoms of PD were included.Results: Ten studies (n = 236) were included in meta-analysis and 25 studies (n = 405) in qualitative synthesis. The most frequently stimulated targets were dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and primary motor cortex. No significant effect was found among single targets on motor outcomes: Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) III – motor aspects (MD = −0.98%, 95% CI = −10.03 to 8.07, p = 0.83, I2 = 0%), UPDRS IV – dyskinesias (MD = −0.89%, CI 95% = −3.82 to 2.03, p = 0.55, I2 = 0%) and motor fluctuations (MD = −0.67%, CI 95% = −2.45 to 1.11, p = 0.46, I2 = 0%), timed up and go – gait (MD = 0.14%, CI 95% = −0.72 to 0.99, p = 0.75, I2 = 0%), Berg Balance Scale – balance (MD = 0.73%, CI 95% = −1.01 to 2.47, p = 0.41, I2 = 0%). There was no significant effect of single vs. multiple targets in: UPDRS III – motor aspects (MD = 2.05%, CI 95% = −1.96 to 6.06, p = 0.32, I2 = 0%) and gait (SMD = −0.05%, 95% CI = −0.28 to 0.17, p = 0.64, I2 = 0%). Simple univariate meta-regression analysis between treatment dosage and effect size revealed that number of sessions (estimate = −1.7, SE = 1.51, z-score = −1.18, p = 0.2, IC = −4.75 to 1.17) and cumulative time (estimate = −0.07, SE = 0.07, z-score = −0.99, p = 0.31, IC = −0.21 to 0.07) had no significant association.Conclusion: There was no significant tDCS alone short-term effect on motor function, balance, gait, dyskinesias or motor fluctuations in Parkinson's disease, regardless of brain area or targets stimulated.
Total Protein–Chloride Ratio in Pleural Fluid Independently Predicts Overall Survival in Malignant Pleural Effusion at the First Diagnosis
Authors: Qiao Xin , Zhang Zhi-Rong , Shi Xin-Yu , Yi Feng-Shuang 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivePre-treatment biomarkers to estimate overall survival (OS) for malignant pleural effusion (MPE) are unidentified, especially those in pleural fluid. We evaluated the relationship between OS and total protein–chloride ratio in malignant pleural effusion (PE TPClR).Materials and MethodsA retrospective study was undertaken to identify patients from 2006 to 2018 who had pathologically or cytologically confirmed MPE and received no tumor-targeted therapy. We recorded the pre-treatment clinicopathologic characteristics and follow-up status. OS was estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method, and the association between variables and OS was evaluated by Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsWe screened 214 patients who met the eligibility criteria. The optimal cutoff value for the PE TPClR was set at 0.53. The univariate analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between PE TPClR and OS (P &lt; 0.001). The multivariate analysis between OS and the variables selected from the univariate analysis showed that the levels of neutrophil, alkaline phosphatase, neuron-specific enolase, platelets, albumin in peripheral blood, and white blood cells in pleural effusion were also independent predictors of OS.ConclusionIn patients with MPE, pre-treatment PE TPClR independently predicts OS. Although further research is necessary to generalize our results, this information will help clinicians and patients to determine the most appropriate treatment for MPE patients.
Food Hypersensitivity in Children Aged 0–3 Years of the Lviv Region in Ukraine: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Matsyura Oksana , Besh Lesya , Borysiuk Olena , Gutor Taras , Malska Andriana , Kovalska Oksana , Besh Olesia , Sorokopud Olena , Vari Sandor G. 
Published: January 2022

Aim: To determine the prevalence and to estimate factors associated with food hypersensitivity in young children of the Lviv region in Ukraine.Methods: A prospective cross-sectional survey study was conducted between 2016 and 2017 in the Lviv region of Ukraine. A specially designed questionnaire about food hypersensitivity of young children developed and validated by M. J. Flokstra-de Blok was used after translation into the Ukrainian language. The questionnaire included 34 questions, grouped into general and detailed information. Parents of children aged 0–3 years were asked to complete the questionnaire at pre-schools and medical institutions.Results: Among 4,500 distributed questionnaires, 3,214 (71%) were completed and processed. Parents reported that 25% of their young children had food hypersensitivity. According to the survey the most common agents involved in food hypersensitivity in young children were cow's milk (34%), egg (28%), and wheat (24%). Hypersensitivity to milk occurred in 50% of children in the age group of 1–2 years. Regional differences associated with food hypersensitivity were also found. Namely, in the Carpathians, there was more hypersensitivity to fish (27%) and honey (22%) than in other regions, while hypersensitivity to soy was detected mostly in Lviv City residents (8.5%). Unknown causes of food hypersensitivity were highly reported (34%) in the Carpathians.Conclusion: Prevalence and some distinctiveness of food hypersensitivity revealed in four geographic and climate zones as well as in Lviv City have a considerable practical use for formulation of recommendations for children with food hypersensitivity.
How a Star’s Death Can Reveal a Black Hole
Authors: Arcavi Iair 
Published: January 2022

Studying invisible objects in space that are hundreds of millions of light years away may sound impossible. But, in recent years, astronomers have developed a new way to investigate a type of invisible and distant objects—super-massive black holes. Black holes are the most densely packed objects in the Universe. When stars get close to super-massive black holes they can be torn apart, which produces a relatively brief but informative flash of light. These star-destroying events can help us to discover the locations of the most massive black holes in the Universe, but only if we know how to find and interpret them. In this article, we will discuss different ways we can “see” black holes, and particularly what we do and do not yet understand about stars getting “tidally disrupted” by them.
Light YearThe distance light travels in a year, which is 5,878,625,370,000 miles.
Cognitive Ability as a Non-modifiable Risk Factor for Post-prostatectomy Urinary Incontinence: A Double-Blinded, Prospective, Single-Center Trial
Authors: Reichert Mathias , Popeneciu Ionel Valentin , Uhlig Annemarie , Trojan Lutz , Mohr Mirjam Naomi 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a wide-spread and feared side-effect of conventional or even robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) due to its high impact on patients' quality of life (QoL). Non-modifiable risk factors for UI have already been identified – on surgical and patient side. Yet, to our knowledge, focus thus far has not been placed on functional aspects regarding general cognitive ability.Materials and Methods: This is an observational single-center, prospective, double-blinded evaluation of 109 RALPs performed between 07/2020 and 03/2021. All patients underwent a Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) prior to surgery to evaluate their cognitive ability. Early post-prostatectomy incontinence (PPI) was evaluated using a standardized 1 h pad test performed 24 h after removal of the urinary catheter. The association between MMSE results and PPI were evaluated using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.Results: Multivariate logistic regression analyses identified MMSE results and nerve sparing (NS) as independent predictors for PPI in patients with an intermediate MMSE result (25–27 points) having a 3.17 times higher risk of PPI when compared to patients with a good MMSE result (≥28) (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.22–9.06, p = 0.023), while patients without NS had a 3.53 times higher risk of PPI when compared to patients with NS (95% CI: 1.54–11.09, p = 0.006).Conclusion: A lower cognitive ability should be treated as a non-modifiable risk-factor for early PPI. In the future it could find its place as a clinical screening tool to identify patients who require more attention especially in the pre-, but also in the postoperative phase.
The use of multicriteria optimization method in selecting protoclones in the population of the ‘Kokur Belyi’ grape variety
Authors: Студенникова Н.Л. , Котоловець З.В. 
Published: January 2022

В статье представлены данные по 11 биолого-хозяйственным признакам 100 маточных кустов винограда сорта Кокур белый за 2019-2021 гг. Исследования проводились на производственном участке сорта винограда Кокур белый (№ 361, формировка АЗОС-1, схема посадки 3×1,25) в филиале «Алушта» АО «ПАО «Массандра». По средним показателям за три года исследований методом многокритериальной оптимизации отобраны 25 протоклонов сорта Кокур белый (протоклоны первого вегетативного поколения) с наименьшими показателями функции в диапазоне от φ=3,330 до φ=6,103. Выбор лучшего куста определялся из условий наибольшего приближения к идеалу, т.е. интервал [φ(xi); xu]→min. Следовательно, чем меньше значение функции протоклона φ(xi), тем лучше куст. Значения целевых функций сравнивались у 100 кустов, затем отбирались протоклоны по наименьшим показателям, определяющим лучшие кусты. Применение метода многокритериальной оптимизации обеспечивает объективный подход при отборе протоклонов, исключая единицы измерения изучаемых признаков, преобразуя их в безразмерный вид. Для дальнейшего исследования с выделенных 25 кустов винограда сорта Кокур белый будет проведена заготовка лозы для проведения настольной прививки с последующей закладкой клоноиспытательного участка первого вегетативного поколения сорта Кокур белый.
The article presents data on 11 biological and economical traits of 100 mother vines of the ‘Kokur Belyi’ for the period of 2019-2021. The research was carried out at the production plot of the ‘Kokur Belyi’ grape variety (No. 361, AZOS-1 pruning, planting scheme 3 × 1.25) in the Alushta branch of FSUE PJSC Massandra. According to the average of indicators for three years of research using method of multicriteria optimization, we selected 25 protoclones of the ‘Kokur Belyi’ variety (protoclones of the first vegetative voltine) with the lowest function indicators in the range from φ = 3.330 to φ = 6.103. The choice of the best bush was determined from the conditions of the closest approximation to the ideal, i.e. interval [φ(x); x]→min. Therefore, the smaller the value of the protoclone function φ(x), the better the bush. Target function values for 100 bushes were compared, after that protoclones were separated by the lowest indicators, determining the best bushes. The use of multicriteria optimization method provides an objective approach to the selection of protoclones, excluding the units of measurement of the studied characteristics, converting them into a nondimensional form. For further research, from the selected 25 bushes of grapes of the ‘Kokur Belyi’ variety, vines will be gathered for table grafting, followed by the establishment of a clone-testing plot of the first vegetative voltine of the ‘Kokur Belyi’ variety.
Promising clonal apple rootstocks in Crimea
Authors: Танкевич В.В. 
Published: January 2022

Современная экономика диктует необходимость быстрой и эффективной окупаемости затрат, вложенных в производство продукции садоводства, что требует интенсификации отрасли. Одним из путей решения поставленных задач является закладка садов на клоновых подвоях, обеспечивающих высокое, стабильное плодоношение, с плодами отменных вкусовых качеств, подбор новых подвоев, приспособленных к условиям Крыма и не уступающих по комплексу хозяйственно-биологических свойств районированным в регионе. В статье освещены результаты многолетнего изучения 14 клоновых подвоев в сочетании с двумя сортами яблони. Определена сила роста изучаемых привойно-подвойных комбинаций в почвенно-климатических условиях Предгорного Крыма. Комбинации сортов Аскольда и Ренет Симиренко с подвоями ЕМ-IX, КД 4, КД 5 по показателям параметров кроны относятся к слаборослой группе. Деревья на К 104 по силе роста занимают положение промежуточное между ЕМ-IX и ММ-106, но имеют хорошо развитую корневую систему и компактную форму кроны. Выделенные комбинации рано вступают в плодоношение (на 2-3-й год). Средний урожай таких насаждений равен 24,4-30,6 т/га. Отобранные подвои обладают большим биологическим потенциалом и эффективными хозяйственно-биологическими свойствами, и представляют интерес для южного садоводства.
Modern economy necessitates quick and effective return of costs invested in the horticultural production, which requires the intensification of the industry. One of the ways to solve the assigned tasks is to establish gardens on clonal rootstocks ensuring high and consistent fruiting with crops of excellent palatability traits, selection of new rootstocks adapted to the conditions of Crimea and not inferior in terms of the range of economic and biological properties to those released in the region. This paper highlights the results of long-term study of 14 clonal rootstocks in combinations with two apple varieties. The growth power of the studied scion-rootstock combinations in the soil and weather conditions of the Piedmont Crimea was determined. Combinations of ‘Ascolda’ and ‘Renet Simirenko’ varieties with rootstocks EM-IX, KD 4, and KD 5 in terms of crown parameter values belong to a dwarf group. Trees on K 104 are intermediate between EM-IX and MM-106 in terms of growth power, but have a well-developed root system and a compact crown shape. The above mentioned combinations enter into fruiting very early (on the 2nd-3d year). The average yield of such plantations is 24.4- 30.6 t/ha. The selected rootstocks are of great biological potential and effective economic and biological properties, so they are promising for southern horticulture.
Influence of the processing method on the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of raspberries
Authors: Громова И.А. , Воронина М.С. , Макарова Н.В. 
Published: January 2022

Большое влияние на здоровье человека оказывают вещества, проявляющие антиоксидантный эффект, в значительной степени содержащиеся в ягодах малины и отходах сокового производства от данной ягоды, а именно свежезамороженной ягоде, свежевыжатом соке, водной вытяжке, сырых и высушенных выжимках и концентрированном соке. Целью работы стало изучение химического состава и антиоксидантной активности ягод малины и отходов сокового производства, наблюдение за изменением показателей исследуемых характеристик при механической и тепловой обработке ягод малины и выбор оптимального варианта. При проведении исследований были использованы следующие методы: определение общего содержания антоцианов; определение общего содержания фенольных соединений; определение общего содержания флавоноидов; определение антирадикальной активности; определение восстанавливающей силы; исследование антиоксидантных свойств с использованием модельной системы линолевой кислоты. Все методы по определению содержания антиоксидантов проводились на этанольных экстрактах. Установлено, что использование экстракции для ягод и отходов сокового производства позволяет более точно определить содержание исследуемых показателей. Выявлено, что наибольшая антиоксидантная активность 94,5-98,4 % отмечена в малине и водной вытяжке из нее.
A great influence on human health is exerted by substances exhibiting an antioxidant effect, largely contained in raspberries and their juice waste products, specifically in fresh-frozen berries, fresh squeezed juice, water extract, raw and dried pomace and concentrated juice. The aim of the work was to study chemical composition and antioxidant activity of raspberries and their juice waste products, monitor changes in the parameters of the studied characteristics during mechanical and thermal processing of raspberries and select the optimal option. The following methods were used during the research: determination of the total content of anthocyanins; determination of the total content of phenolic compounds; determination of the total content of flavonoids; determination of antiradical activity; determination of regenerating power; study of antioxidant properties using a model system of linoleic acid. All methods for determining the content of antioxidants were carried out on ethanol extracts. It was established that using of extraction for berries and juice waste products made it possible to determine more precisely the content of the studied indicators. It was also revealed that the highest antioxidant activity of 94.5% - 98.4% was observed in raspberries and their water extract.
Kepatuhan Praktisi Kebersihan Tangan di Ruang Operasi:
Authors: Purwacaraka Manggar , Rohmawati Indah , Murniati Anis 
Published: January 2022

Pendahuluan: Penyedia layanan kesehatan (HCP) yang bekerja di ruang operasi (OR) atau unit perawatan pasca anestesi (PACU) memiliki kesempatan lebih besar untuk lintas pasien yang terkontaminasi karena beban kerja yang tinggi dan seringnya kejadian kontak pasien. Prevalensi infeksi terkait perawatan kesehatan (HCAI) saat ini adalah masalah kesehatan utama dan kontak pasien di OR dan PACU dapat menjadi faktor yang berkontribusi karena kontaminasi mikroba. Metode: Sebuah studi observasional dilakukan pada kepatuhan kebersihan tangan (HH) HCP yang bekerja di OR dan PACU dari fasilitas perawatan kesehatan tersier di Rumah Sakit X. Para peserta dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari ahli bedah, ahli anestesi, dan perawat yang beredar dan PACU. Pengamatan dan pengumpulan data dilakukan oleh dua perawat sumber daya klinis OR dan PACU, yang telah dilatih oleh departemen pengendalian dan pencegahan infeksi. Hasil : penelitian ini mencakup 2300 peluang untuk kepatuhan HH dan mengamati 200 perawat, 100 ahli bedah dan 100 ahli anestesi. Kepatuhan HH di OR dan PACU tertinggi di antara perawat >90% dan terendah di antara dokter, ahli bedah <70%, diikuti oleh ahli anestesi < 50%. Kesimpulan: Kepatuhan terhadap pedoman HH oleh perawat OR dan PACU diterima lebih tinggi daripada ahli anestesi dan ahli bedah.
Pengaruh Terapi Akupunktur Komplementer Pada Titik Hegu, Quchi, Zusanli, Dan Sanyinjiao Pada Lesi Jerawat
Authors: Setya Melinda Selly Ary , Mawarti Herin 
Published: January 2022

Pendahuluan:Jerawat atau acne adalah penyakit kulit kronis yang terjadi akibat peradangan kronis akibat folikel pilosebasea yang dapat terjadi pada wanita maupun pria. Jerawat memiliki dampak serius dalam mempengaruhi penampilan dan kepercayaan diri. Upaya pengobatan nonfarmakologi adalah dengan terapi akupunktur komplementer.
Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi komplementer akupunktur terhadap jerawat. Desain penelitian ini adalah Quasy Experimental dengan metode pendekatan Pre-Post Test Design, sedangkan dalam pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Purposive Sampling. Sampel sebanyak 13 responden memenuhi kriteria eksklusi dan eksklusi. Peneliti menggunakan lembar observasi sebagai instrumen penilaian jerawat.
Metode: Metode analisis data menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon dengan (p < a) atau (p < 0,05). Pada penelitian ini diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut: tumor (0,011 < 0,05), rubor (0,005 < 0,05), dolor (0,008 < 0,05), dan warna (0,008 < 0,05).
Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pengaruh terapi komplementer akupunktur terhadap lesi jerawat.
Photoacoustic effect in micro- and nanostructures: numerical simulations of Lagrange equations
Authors: Romanov O. G. , Shtykov Ya. K. , Timoshchenko I. A. 
Published: January 2022

The work provides the description of theoretical and numerical modeling techniques of thermomechanical effects that take place in absorbing micro- and nanostructures of different materials under the action of pulsed laser radiation. A proposed technique of the numerical simulation is based on the solution of equations of motion of continuous media in the form of Lagrange for spatially inhomogeneous media. This model allows calculating fields of temperature, pressure, density, and velocity of the medium depending on the parameters of laser pulses and the characteristics of micro- and nanostructures.
Effects of Homemade Nano-Hydroxyapatite and Olive Oil Paste on Remineralization of Early Caries Lesions
Authors: Erdilek Ayşe Dina , Burke Sevdiye , Şahin Merve , Efes Ata , Güray Efes Begüm 
Published: January 2022

Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) particles are a new generation of materials reported to remineralize enamel lesions. The purpose we aimed was to compare the in vitro effects of fluoride gel, sodium fluoride toothpaste, and homemade nHAP paste on remineralizing artificial early enamel caries. Methods: Incipient caries were induced in 21 extracted, sound premolar teeth by storing each specimen in a demineralization solution for 72 hours, followed by pH cycling. The samples (n= 7, each) were then treated with 2% neutral fluoride gel, 0.25% sodium fluoride toothpaste, or homemade nHAP paste, comprising a mixture of nHAP powder and olive oil. After demineralization and remineralization, the results were compared using the DIAGNOdent pen (KaVo, Germany). The data were statistically analyzed using paired t-tests and a one-way ANOVA test. Outcomes: The degree of demineralization in each of the three groups (fluoride gel group, 15.71; sodium fluoride dentifrice group, 15.28; nHAP paste group, 16.71) was significantly elevated compared to baseline (3, 2.5, 2.28, respectively); however, no significant difference was observed between the remineralization readings in each of the three groups (6, 7, 5.5, respectively) (p > 0.05). In conclusion, we concluded that the homemade nHAP paste had a beneficial effect on the remineralization of initial enamel caries lesions.
Pendidikan Akhlak Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Tahun 2021 Perspektif Ibnu Miskawaih (Studi Kasus di SMK Negeri 1 Pedan)
Authors: Fardani Diah Novita 
Published: January 2022

<p><em>Karakter Islam menjadi perhatian utama para pemikir klasik Islam, atau para filosof Muslim era klasik, terutama Ibnu Miskawaih. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa masalah karakter menjadi bagian terpenting dalam proses pendidikan sejak dulu dan tampaknya trend pendidikan karakter kembali menjadi perhatian para pakar pendidikan bahwa pengembangan etika atau karakter tidak bisa dipisahkan dari upaya mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa. Konsep pendidikan akhlak tersebut dilihat dari perubahan tata cara pembelajaran akibat adanya covid-19 dan bertempat di SMK Negeri 1 Pedan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan dan metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif.<strong> </strong>Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan Konsep pendidikan Ibnu Miskawaih yang tampak sejalan dengan upaya pengembangan karakter bangsa Indonesia dewasa ini. Aktualisasi Pendidikan karakter menurut Ibnu Miskawaih di Indonesia dapat ditumbuh kembangkan sejak pendidikan dini, di mana peranan para pendidik (guru) atau orang tua sangat besar dalam pembinaan karakter peserta didik atau anak didiknya. </em></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p>