bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Fuzzy Inference System in Gas Turbine Engine Fault Diagnosis Against Measurement Uncertainties
Authors: Ma Shuai , Wu Yafeng , Hua Zheng , Gou Linfeng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRobustness against measurement uncertainties is crucial for gas turbine engine diagnosis. While current research focuses mainly on measurement noise, measurement bias remains challenging. This study proposes a novel performance-based fault detection and identification (FDI) strategy for twin-shaft turbofan gas turbine engines and addresses these uncertainties through a first-order Takagi-Sugeno-Kang fuzzy inference system. To handle ambient condition changes, we use parameter correction to preprocess the raw measurement data, which reduces the FDI’s system complexity. Additionally, the power-level angle is set as a scheduling parameter to reduce the number of rules in the TSK-based FDI system. The data for designing, training, and testing the proposed FDI strategy are generated using a component-level turbofan engine model. The antecedent and consequent parameters of the TSK-based FDI system are optimized using the particle swarm optimization algorithm and ridge regression. A robust structure combining a specialized fuzzy inference system with the TSK-based FDI system is proposed to handle measurement biases. The performance of the first-order TSK-based FDI system and robust FDI structure are evaluated through comprehensive simulation studies. Comparative studies confirm the superior accuracy of the first-order TSK-based FDI system in fault detection, isolation, and identification. The robust structure demonstrates a 2%–8% improvement in the success rate index under relatively large measurement bias conditions, thereby indicating excellent robustness. Accuracy against significant bias values and computation time are also evaluated, suggesting that the proposed robust structure has desirable online performance. This study proposes a novel FDI strategy that effectively addresses measurement uncertainties.
Feasibility and staff acceptability of implementing Xpert HIV-1 viral load point-of-care testing: a pilot study in San Francisco
Authors: Moore Kelvin , Tourneau Noelle Le , Alvarez Jasmin , Rodriguez Santos , Broussard Janessa , Crouch Pierre-Cédric , Roman Jorge , Defechereux Patricia , Bena Jason , Koester Kimberly A. , Moran Lissa , Pilcher Christopher , Grant Robert , Christopoulos Katerina A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Point-of-care HIV viral load testing may enhance patient care and improve HIV health services. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of implementing such testing in a high-volume community sexual health clinic in the United States.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional, mixed-methods study. Remnant venipuncture specimens from clients undergoing HIV and other sexual health screenings were analyzed using the Xpert® HIV-1 Viral Load assay. Results were compared to COBAS® AmpliPrep/COBAS® TaqMan® HIV-1 Test. Clinical staff observations, study meeting notes, and two semi-structured in-depth interviews with clinical staff were used to understand perspectives on incorporating this testing into clinical practice.

Results
We analyzed 113 samples from 111 clients. The Xpert assay showed excellent agreement with COBAS, with no clinically significant difference in viral load measurements. Clinical staff found Xpert testing acceptable, based on its ability to provide rapid, accurate test results and potential for bridging patient care gaps. Respondents noted that this testing would be particularly beneficial for individuals in whom barriers to care engagement may complicate follow-up. Challenges in implementation included machine errors as well as concerns related to staff workload, testing logistics, and the need for comprehensive equipment training.

Conclusions
This study represents the first effort in the United States to describe the feasibility of HIV viral load point-of-care testing in routine care. While the Xpert demonstrated comparable results to standard-of-care testing and staff found it acceptable, further work is needed to develop the workflow and implementation strategies that would enable real-time use and improved patient care.

Clinical trial
Not applicable.
Cessation of thumb/finger sucking habit in children using electronic habit reminder versus palatal crib: a randomized clinical pilot study
Authors: Eltager Tassneim , Bardissy Adel El , Abdelgawad Fatma 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
There are different intraoral appliances for cessation of thumb/finger sucking habit, but they have many disadvantages and to overcome it, extra oral appliances with colourful and attractive shape were developed. Electronic habit reminder in the form of wristwatch with alarming sound was assessed in cessation of thumb/finger sucking habit in children versus palatal crib after 6 and 9 months.

Methods
This study is a randomized clinical pilot study, with allocation ratio 1:1 parallel group. Recruitment was at the diagnostic clinic, Paediatric Dentistry and Dental Public health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University. Blinding was not feasible except for the statistician.
Twenty-two children were included with age range (6–14), erupted upper first permanent molar and with thumb/finger sucking habit that resulted in open bite. After random allocation of participants into two groups: intervention group (electronic habit reminder) and control group (palatal crib), impressions were performed for fabrication of the appliances in both groups. Follow up was performed at 2 weeks, 1, 3, 6 and 9 months. Primary outcome was assessing cessation of thumb/finger sucking habit in children.

Results
The total number of participants who were randomized and analysed was 22 (11 per group). Cessation of thumb/finger sucking habit in the intervention group was 27.3% while in the control group was 54.5% but with no statistically significant difference (P˃0.05). Positive feedback from the parents about the useful instructions, success, and ease of using the appliances but all with no statistically significant difference (P˃0.05).

Harms
Regarding the palatal crib appliance, there was gingival inflammation that resolved by proper oral hygiene care. Also, interference with speech which disappeared after adaptation.
Regarding appliances breakage or dislodgment, it was repaired or replaced with another one.

Conclusion
Although most of the parents and children accepted both appliances, cessation of the habit was higher in the control group than in the intervention group.

Trial registration
The trial was registered on clinicaltrials.gov, ‘Trial registration number: NCT04075617 [first submitted -29/8/2019]’.
Effectiveness and tolerability of lactic acid vaginal gel compared to oral metronidazole in the treatment of acute symptomatic bacterial vaginosis: a multicenter, randomized-controlled, head-to-head pilot study
Authors: Tidbury Fiona , Brülhart Grégory , Müller Gabriela , Pavicic Elena , Weidlinger Susanna , Eichner Gerrit , von Wolff Michael , Stute Petra 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a prevalent vaginal condition among reproductive-age women, characterized by off-white, thin vaginal discharge with a fishy odor. It increases susceptibility to sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). BV involves a shift in vaginal microbiota, with reduced lactobacilli and increased anaerobic bacteria. Standard treatment with oral metronidazole has been shown to have a limited long-term efficacy, possibly due to biofilm persistence. Alternative treatments, such as lactic acid vaginal gel, aim to restore vaginal pH and lactobacilli. This pilot study compares the efficacy and tolerability of lactic acid gel to standard oral metronidazole for acute BV treatment in non-pregnant women.

Methods
A total of 32 women with acute BV were recruited and assigned to either the treatment group (n = 16) where they applied a lactic acid vaginal gel for 12 days, or the control group (n = 16) which received 500 mg oral metronidazole twice daily for seven days. A number of objective and subjective parameters including the Amsel score, the Nugent score and a subjective symptom score were recorded at day 0, three weeks, three months, and six months after the study start.

Results
In the short-term, lactic acid vaginal gel showed inferior clinical (Amsel criteria) and microbiological (Nugent score) cure rates compared to metronidazole. However, it performed equally well regarding subjective symptom improvement and BV recurrence prevention after up to six months.

Conclusion
Lactic acid vaginal gel was generally very well tolerated and showed mixed but promising results as a stand-alone treatment for acute BV.

Trial registration number
NCT02042287 (22.01.2014).
Clinical severity grading of NF2-related schwannomatosis
Authors: Lawson McLean Anna C. , Löschner Denise , Farschtschi Said , Dengler Nora F. , Rosahl Steffen K. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
NF2-related schwannomatosis (NF2) is associated with various tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system. There is a wide range of disabilities these patients may suffer from and there is no validated clinical classification for disease severity. We propose a clinical classification consisting of three severity grades to assist in patient management.

Methods
Patient records from 168 patients were screened for most common diagnoses with severe impact on everyday tasks, social interactions and life expectancy. Eight main categories were identified. One point was assigned to each category. Three severity grades were differentiated as follows: grade 1 (mild NF2): 0 points; grade 2 (moderate NF2): < 3 points; grade 3 (severe NF2): ≥ 3 points. This grading system was then evaluated with respect to inter-rater reliability and clinical significance.

Results
The patients were grouped according to our new clinical grading system into grade 1 in 48% (n = 80), grade 2 in 43% (n = 72), and grade 3 in 10% of patients (n = 16). There was substantial inter-rater reliability between 3 raters with different levels of clinical experience (Fleiss’ kappa = 0.62). The severity grades correlated significantly with hospitalization, number of operations and dependency on implants (such as cochlear implant, auditory brain-stem implants or ventriculoperitoneal shunts).

Conclusions
Clinical disease severity of NF2 patients is reflected in a simplified and rater-independent score with three grades. The score facilitates communication for medical personnel of varying experience and backgrounds, and adds a clinical tool to decision-making and research.
Impact of dietary supplementation of L-citrulline to meat goats during gestation on reproductive performance
Authors: Newton Makenzie G. , Lopez Arianna N. , Stenhouse Claire , Hissen Karina L. , Connolly Erin D. , Li Xingchi , Zhou Lan , Wu Guoyao , Foxworth William B. , Bazer Fuller W. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Meat goat production is a worldwide industry with products such as meat, milk, soap, and fiber being produced. There are approximately 2.6 million meat goats in the United States. For breeding female ruminants, early pregnancy loss is estimated to be 30% within the first month of gestation. Extracellular L-citrulline (a precursor to L-arginine) is not degraded by ruminal microbes due to the lack of uptake. L-Arginine and thus L-citrulline, have beneficial impacts on placentation and, subsequently, fetal-placental development and survival. This study aimed to determine the impact of feeding L-citrulline to meat goats during gestation to improve reproductive success. Meat goats were fed either a control (CON) or L-citrulline (CIT) supplemented diet from d 12 to 82 of gestation. Blood samples were collected and sera were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography analyses to quantify the abundance of amino acids. Pregnancy rates were determined on d 30, 61, and 90 of gestation, and litter weight, individual birth weights, and 90 d adjusted weaning weights were collected.

Results
The concentrations of citrulline, ornithine, and arginine were greater in CIT does compared to CON does, but there was no difference in pregnancy rates between CON and CIT does. Birth weight was greater for male kids born as singles when compared to females, but this phenotype was not observed for kids born as twins or triplets. Further, males born to CON does had greater 90 d adjusted weaning weights than females, but this was not observed in the CIT group. Female kids born to CON and CIT Boer goats had heavier 90 d adjusted weaning weights than those born to Spanish or F1 Boer-Spanish does.

Conclusion
This study provides proof of concept that feeding dietary L-citrulline increases concentrations of citrulline and arginine in blood of gestating meat goats. However, further studies are needed to understand the cellular mechanisms impacted by feeding this supplement. Regardless, this study demonstrated that feeding L-citrulline has the potential to increase reproductive performance in gestating ruminants.
A novel glucan from Sparassis latifolia: purification, structural characterization and protective effect on gastric mucosal cells against ethanol-induced damage
Authors: Wang Mengyu , Lv Guoying , Zhao Ruimeng , Cai Weiming , Zhang Zuofa 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSparassis latifolia is a rare edible mushroom with many pharmacological activities. Active screening found that the crude polysaccharide from this mushroom (SLP) exhibited noticeable gastroprotective effects. However, it remains unclear regarding the underlying regulatory mechanism of the gastroprotective effects of SLP. A novel polysaccharide SLP-2 was purified from the fruiting bodies of S. latifolia, and characterized using FT-IR, HPAEC, SEM, SEC–MALLS-RI, methylation, and NMR analysis. Structural characterization revealed that the backbone of SLP-2 was mainly composed of → 4)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → , → 3)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → and → 3,4)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → . The branched chain primarily consisted of β-D-Glcp-(1 → linked to the sugar residue → 3, 6)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → at the O-6 position and → 3,4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → at the O-4 position. Physiological experimental results demonstrated that SLP-2 effectively protected GES-1 cells against ethanol-induced damage by suppressing intracellular ROS levels and cell apoptosis while elevating the activities of SOD and CAT enzymes. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis revealed molecular mechanisms underlying the gastroprotective effect of SLP-2, with KEGG enrichment suggesting associations with ferroptosis, TNF, PI3K–Akt, MAPK and IL-17 signaling pathways. These findings provide a technological foundation for valuable utilization of S. latifolia and emphasize the potential application of SLP-2 in repairing gastric mucosal injuries.
Graphical Abstract
Ventricular fibrillation caused by massive right coronary air embolism: a case report
Authors: Zhang Hongcai , Huang Ai-ling , Nie Qian , Sattar Haseeb , Wen Xie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Coronary air embolism is a rare but severe complication of coronary interventions.

Case presentation
We present a case of a massive air embolism in the right coronary artery during percutaneous coronary intervention, resulting in ventricular fibrillation. The patient was successfully resuscitated with electric defibrillation, leading to full recovery and TIMI 3 coronary flow. The final fractional flow reserve showed no residual coronary microvascular dysfunction.

Conclusion
Our finding suggests that inducing strong myocardial contractions with a cardioverter defibrillator may effectively disperse large air emboli and restore coronary circulation.
Evaluatıon of contrast enhancement intensity, pattern, and kinetics of breast lesions on contrast-enhanced spectral mammography
Authors: Bekirçavuşoğlu Ayşe Füsun , Kul Sibel , Bekirçavuşoğlu Süleyman , Atasoy Dilara , Erkan Merve 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) is a new and promising imaging modality that improves tumor visibility through tumor contrast enhancement caused by malignant neovascularization. Breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is based on the principle that hypervascular lesions are stained more intensely with contrast material than the breast glandular tissue. Currently, contrast enhancement in contrast-enhanced mammography is used only as a tumor marker, and it is unclear whether it is possible to analyze the amount, pattern, and kinetics of contrast enhancement using this technique and the contribution of such analyses to the diagnostic process.

Objective
To investigate the contribution of qualitative and semiquantitative data obtained from contrast-enhanced spectral mammography images to benign-malignant differentiation and their relationship with prognostic factors.

Methods
This retrospective study included 64 patients who were treated between 2015 and 2019. A pathological breast craniocaudal (CC) radiograph was obtained 2 min after contrast. Following the standard procedure, pathological breast CC radiography was performed for approximately 6 min. The amount of contrast enhancement, contrast enhancement patterns, and kinetics of the breast lesions were analyzed qualitatively and/or semiquantitatively using contrast-enhanced mammography images. The contribution of the evaluated radiological parameters to the benign-malignant differentiation of tumors and their relationship with histopathological prognostic markers was also evaluated.

Results
Nine benign and 55 malignant cases were identified in this study. The results showed that malignant tumors had a higher average contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) than benign tumors, and a strong correlation was observed between semiquantitative and qualitative contrast amounts(R > 0.564, p ≤ 0.001). Benign tumors exhibited persistent enhancement, whereas malignant tumors showed plateau and washout enhancement patterns. Additionally, estrogen receptor (ER) positivity and tumor grade were linearly related to the degree of late-phase enhancement in malignant tumors. Patients with a high Ki-67 proliferation index were more likely to exhibit type-3 curves.

Conclusions
Kinetic patterns and enhancement results of CESM can be utilized in the characterization of masses and may serve as a prognostic factor.
Validity of serum autotaxin and Doppler ultrasound as noninvasive markers of esophageal varices in patients with liver cirrhosis
Authors: Wazzan Doaa El , El-Shayeb Ayman F. , Hamouda Soraya , Shafei Mohamed El , Degheidy Akram A. , Salem Basma , Adel Mohamed 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Identification of noninvasive predictors of esophageal varices will permit to carry out endoscopy in selected groups of patients, thus avoiding unnecessary intervention as well as not missing patients at high risk of bleeding. The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of serum autotaxin and Doppler ultrasound parameters as noninvasive predictors in determining the presence and severity of esophageal varices in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Results
In our prospective study, 100 newly diagnosed naïve patients with liver cirrhosis and with no past history of upper gastrointestinal bleeding were enrolled. Serum autotaxin was significantly higher among patients with esophageal varices than those without varices (p < 0.001). Furthermore, among patients with varices, it was significantly higher in those with grade IV than grades I, II, and III (p < 0.001). Significant positive correlation was also observed between serum autotaxin and each of portal vein diameter, flow volume, portal vein velocity, and hepatic congestion index (p < 0.001). Child–Pugh classification, fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), age to platelet index (API), model for end-stage liver disease (MELD), platelet/splenic diameter, portal vein velocity, flow volume, and serum autotaxin were entered in stepwise logistic regression model for prediction of esophageal varices, and serum autotaxin, portal vein velocity, and flow volume were significant in multivariate regression analysis with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of 96.25%, 75%, 93.9%, and 83.33%, respectively.

Conclusion
Serum autotaxin levels and Doppler ultrasound parameters serve as important predictors as well as promising non-endoscopic tools for the assessment of esophageal varices (EVs) in cirrhotic patients.
Datopotamab Deruxtecan in Advanced or Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer With Actionable Genomic Alterations: Results From the Phase II TROPION-Lung05 Study
Authors: Sands Jacob , Ahn Myung-Ju , Lisberg Aaron , Cho Byoung Chul , Blumenschein George , Shum Elaine , Pons Tostivint Elvire , Goto Yasushi , Yoh Kiyotaka , Heist Rebecca , Shimizu Junichi , Lee Jong-Seok , Baas Paul , Planchard David , Pérol Maurice , Felip Enriqueta , Su Wu-Chou , Zebger-Gong Hong , Lan Lan , Liu Chelsea , Howarth Paul , Chiaverelli Rachel , Paz-Ares Luis 
Published: January 2025

PURPOSE

Datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) is a trophoblast cell-surface antigen-2–directed antibody-drug conjugate with a highly potent topoisomerase I inhibitor payload. The TROPION-Lung05 phase II trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:
NCT04484142
) evaluated the safety and clinical activity of Dato-DXd in patients with advanced/metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with actionable genomic alterations progressing on or after targeted therapy and platinum-based chemotherapy.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
Patients received Dato-DXd 6 mg/kg once every 3 weeks. The primary end point was objective response rate (ORR) by blinded independent central review. Secondary end points included duration of response (DOR), safety, tolerability, and survival.

RESULTS

Among 137 patients who received at least 1 dose of Dato-DXd, 71.5% received at least three lines of prior therapies for advanced/metastatic disease. Overall, 56.9% had
EGFR
mutations and 24.8% had
ALK
rearrangements. Median treatment duration was 4.4 months (range, 0.7-20.6). The confirmed ORR was 35.8% (95% CI, 27.8 to 44.4) overall, and 43.6% (95% CI, 32.4 to 55.3) and 23.5% (95% CI, 10.7 to 41.2) in those with
EGFR
mutations and
ALK
rearrangements, respectively. The median DOR was 7.0 months (95% CI, 4.2 to 9.8), and the overall disease control rate was 78.8% (95% CI, 71.0 to 85.3). Grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) occurred in 28.5% of patients. The most common TRAE was stomatitis (preferred term; any grade: 56.2%; grade ≥3: 9.5%). Five (3.6%) patients experienced adjudicated treatment-related interstitial lung disease/pneumonitis, with 1 (0.7%) grade 5 event.

CONCLUSION
Encouraging and durable antitumor activity was observed with Dato-DXd in this heavily pretreated advanced/metastatic NSCLC population with actionable genomic alterations. The rate of treatment-related grade ≥3 toxicities was comparable with previous observations, and no new safety signals were observed.