bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Offshore Application of Landslide Susceptibility Mapping using Gradient Boosted Decision Trees: A Gulf of Mexico Case Study
Authors: Dyer Alec Scott , Mark-Moser MacKenzie , Duran Rodrigo , Bauer Jennifer 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Among natural hazards occurring offshore, submarine landslides pose a significant risk to offshore infrastructure installations attached to the seafloor. With the offshore being important for current and future energy production, there is a need to anticipate where future landslide events are likely to occur on the seafloor to support planning and development projects. Using the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) as a case study, this paper performs Landside Susceptibility Mapping (LSM) using a Gradient Boosted Decision Tree (GBDT) model to characterize the spatial patterns of submarine landslide probability over the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) where water depths are greater than 120 meters. With known spatial extents of historic submarine landslides and a Geographic Information System (GIS) database of known topographical, geomorphological, geological, and geochemical factors, the resulting model was capable of accurately forecasting where the potential source location of sediment instability is more likely to occur. Results of a permutation modelling approach indicate that LSM accuracy is sensitive to training set size with accuracies becoming more stable as the number of observations increases. The influence that each input feature has on predicting landslide susceptibility was evaluated using the SHapely Additive exPlanations (SHAP) feature attribution method. Areas of high and very high susceptibility were associated with steep terrain including salt basins and escarpments. This case study serves as an initial assessment of the machine learning (ML) capabilities for producing accurate submarine landslide susceptibility maps given the current state of available natural hazard-related datasets and conveys both successes and limitations.
Investigating the applicability of human annexin A1 as an affinity tag for separation and purification of the target proteins
Authors: He Xiaomei , Zhang Shuncheng , Dang Dongya , Lin Tingting , Ge Yuanyuan , Chen Xiaofeng , Fan Jun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Backgrounds Rapid separation methods with fusion of the affinity tags have been developed. However, the affinity tag for simply and cheaply separating the fused target protein is still lacking.
Results Separation conditions for the human annexin A1 (hanA1) tagged emerald green fluorescent protein (EmGFP) in Escherichia coli cytoplasm were optimized via precipitation with CaCl2 and re-solubilization with EDTA-Na2. Combination of the affinity precipitation with each of three affinity purification approaches increased the hanA1-EmGFP purity, and on-resin cleavage facilitated release of tag-free EmGFP. With addition of Triton X-100 to the culture, the fused EmGFP, red fluorescent protein mCherry, or the FMN-dependent fluorescent protein LOV, was also prepared with increasing CaCl2concentrations after it was secreted to the culture from E. coli, whereas the hanA1-EmGFP fused to the amyQ signal sequence was insolubly produced in Bacillus subtilis cells, and the hanA1-EmGFP fused to the α signal peptide produced in Pichia pastoris was unable to be secreted to the culture. The affinity separation was visualized by use of three fluorescent proteins including the EmGFP, mCherry and LOV, and two colored proteins including a bacterial hemoglobin, and maize sirohydrochlorin ferrochelatase (mSF) showing brown containing the [2Fe–2S] cluster. The added EDTA-Na2disrupted the mSF structure, and inhibited activities of the selected four metal-dependent enzymes, but showed little impact on two specific proteases for cleaving the fusion proteins. After affinity precipitation, the tagged lysine decarboxylase was prepared as cross-linked enzyme aggregates.
Conclusion The hanA1 tag is ideal for simple, rapid and cost-effective separation of the target proteins via intracellular and extracellular production in E. coli. This tag is also used for further affinity purification of the selected proteins and enzymes potentially applied in industry and diagnosis.
Identification of key genes of anti-programmed death ligand 1 for meningioma immunotherapy by bioinformatic analysis
Authors: Zhang Lijian , Wang Luxuan , Tan Yanli , Li Chunhui , Fang Chuan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Meningioma is one of the most common primary tumors in the central nervous system (CNS). A deeper understanding of its molecular characterization could provide potential therapeutic targets to reduce recurrence. In this study, we attempted to identify specific gene mutations in meningioma for immunotherapy. One GSE43290 dataset was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to find differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between meningioma tissues and normal meninges. In total, 420 DEGs were identified, including 15 up-regulated and 405 down-regulated genes. Functional enrichment analysis showed that these DEGs were mainly enriched in PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Focal adhesion, and MAPK signaling pathway. We identified 20 hub genes by protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis. Among the hub genes, the expression of FLT1, CXCL8, JUN, THBS1, FECAM1, CD34, and FGF13 were negatively correlated with Programmed Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1). Additionally, the expression of those genes was co-regulated by miR-155‐5p. The findings suggest that miR-155-5p play an important role in the pathogenesis of meningioma and may represent potential therapeutic targets for its anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy.
A genome-wide association study to identify PPARγinvolved metabolic abnormalities by oxidative damage in IVF offspring
Authors: Liu Lihong , Ha Siyao , Li MingQing , Li Zhiling 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Based on our previous animal model of abnormal metabolism, we combined bioinformatics methods to explore the mechanism of early embryo oxidative stress increasing metabolic risk in offspring. Methods: To screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between IVF and naturally conceived offspring by bioinformatics methods, and to identify the co-gene characteristics and biological function mechanisms of DEGs and glucose and lipid metabolism related. Then, we constructed oxidative stress models in vitro and in vivo and performed functional analysis of early embryo differential genes caused by oxidative stress to explore the molecular mechanism of abnormal metabolism risk in IVF offspring. Results: In IVF offspring, we found 15 differentially expressed genes associated with disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism, and their biological functions are primarily associated with lipid metabolism. Zygote oxidative stress is a key factor affecting offspring health, and in different oxidative stress models, the level of ROS was significantly increased. More importantly, the PPAR pathway was altered in both IVF offspring and the early embryo oxidative stress model. In addition, we found decreased expression and nuclear localization of PPARγ in oxidative stress on IVF-derived embryos. Conclusion: The results suggest that PPARγ is involved in the development of embryos under oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can lead to genome-wide reprogramming of embryos and affect The long-term health of offspring through PPARγ.
Accumulation of Nutrients by Strawberry Plants and Fruit Grown in Annual Hill Culture1
Authors: Albregts E. E. , Howard C. M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The accumulation of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, and B were determined at transplanting, first flowering, first harvest, middle of harvest season, and end of harvest season to ascertain the extent and the pattern of plant nutrient uptake in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.). The plants were grown with the annual hill cultural system and mulched with polyethylene. More accumulation of each element occurred during harvest than before that time. Excluding harvested fruit, leaves accumulated the most N, P, K, and Mg; the roots and crown the most Fe and Zn, while the dead material accumulated the most Ca. Harvested fruit accumulated more N, P, K, and B than did the plant. The caluclated average seasonal accumulation of the 9 elements in the plant and in the harvested fruit during the 2 seasons in kg/ha were: K 63.1, N 58.6, Ca 30.8, P 9.4, Mg 7.8, Fe 0.456, Mn 0.161, Zn 0.088, and B 0.077.
Brain Related Gut Peptides – A Review
Authors: Manoharan Nivedita , Jayamurali Dheepthi , Parasuraman Rajeshwari , Govindarajulu Sathya Narayanan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
Gut peptides are small peptides secreted by gut endocrine cells that can modulate the roles
and functions of different organs through signaling. Gut peptides can also majorly impact the body’s
energy homeostasis by regulating appetite and energy metabolism. The gut-brain axis (GBA) is
bidirectional communication between the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral enteric
nervous system. The regulation of appetite acts by hypothalamic neuronal activity. The complex
interaction of hedonic and homeostatic factors implicates appetite regulation. In the CNS, the
hypothalamus and brainstem have a dominating role in appetite regulation. The arcuate nucleus
(ARC) of the hypothalamus plays a vital role in energy homeostasis, while other nuclei also play a
role in appetite regulation. The gut conveys peripheral information about energy balance to the brain
via gut peptides and receptors for the digestion of food. The varied gut peptides have different actions
on appetite regulation.
High Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Improves
Cognitive Performance Parameters in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease –
An Exploratory Pilot Study
Authors: Leblhuber Friedrich , Geisler Simon , Ehrlich Daniela , Steiner Kostja , Kurz Katharina , Fuchs Dietmar 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Currently available medication for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) may slows cognitive decline only transitory, but has failed to bring about long term positive effects. For this slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease so far no disease modifying therapy exists.

Objective:
To find out if non-pharmacologic non-ivasive neuromodulatory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may offer a new alternative or an add on therapeutic strategy against loss of cognitive functions.

Methods:
In this exploratory intervention study safety and symptom development before and after frontopolar cortex stimulation (FPC) using intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) at 10 subsequent working days was monitored as add-on treatment in 28 consecutive patients with AD. Out of these, 10 randomly selected patients received sham stimulation as a control. In addition, Serum concentrations of neurotransmitter precursor amino acids, of immune activation and inflammation markers, of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as well as of nitrite were measured.

Results:
Treatment was well tolerated, no serious adverse effects were observed. Improvement of cognition was detected by an increase of Mini Mental State Examination score (MMSE; p<0.01, paired rank test) and also by an increase in a modified repeat address phrase test, part of the 6-item cognitive impapairment test (p <0.01). A trend to an increase in the clock drawing test (CDT; p = 0.08) was also found in the verum treated group. Furtheron, in 10 of the AD patients with additional symptoms of depression treated with iTBS, a significant decrease in the HAMD-7 scale (p <0.01) and a trend to lower serum phenylalanine concentrations (p = 0.08) was seen. No changes of the parameters tested were found in the sham treated patients.

Conclusion:
Our preliminary results may indicate that iTBS is effective in the treatment of AD. Also a slight influence of iTBS on the metabolism of phenylalanine was found after 10 iTBS sessions. An impact of iTBS to influence the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH), as found in previous series of treatment resistant depression, could not be seen in this our first observational trial in 10 AD patients with comorbidity of depression. Longer treatment periods for several weeks in a higher number of AD patients with depression could cause more intense and disease modifying effects visible in different neurotransmitter concentrations important in the pathogenesis of AD.
COVID-19 Tests and International Travel: How Long Will You Test
Positive for SAR-CoV-2?
Authors: Hon Kam Lun , Leung Karen Ka Yan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
Coronavirus diseases, from SARS to MERS and now COVID-19, have major implications for the aviation industry and international travels. Although many cities and countries are
adopting ‘live with COVID’ strategies, various rules and regulations are still in place. Documents
demonstrating COVID-19 vaccination or recovery from the disease have now become a basic requirement to enter many travel destinations, while some still require pre-entry and/or post-arrival
testing of COVID-19. Recently, the author’s household became COVID-19 positive in late March
2022, as diagnosed by rapid antigen test (RAT), in Singapore whilst enroute to Hong Kong. This
had an immediate knock-on impact on hotel quarantine and travel arrangements. Rapid antigen test
(RAT) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) based tests have been used for quarantine, isolation
and international travel purposes. The implications and issues of these tests are discussed. Ideally, a
COVID-19 test that is fit for purpose should aim at identifying individuals who are infectious with
risk of transmission only. Frequent surveillance with an effective RAT may be a more practical solution to normalize international travel without compromising public safety. Meanwhile, physicians
have an important role in counselling anxious and often confused travelers before and during international travels. International travelers should be aware of the implications of these COVID-19 testing results, and plan, schedule and have travel insurance accordingly
A Pragmatic Analysis of the Speech Act of Warning by Kurdish EFL Learners in Social Contexts
Authors: Qadir Mohsin Hama Saeed 
Published: September 2022

Language is considered as a social behavioral phenomenon for human beings. It is the essential tool for communicative interaction among people. Humans use language to convey their thoughts, feelings, and wishes to others. Language is enriched by the speakers who use language for a specific purpose in a specific situation to convey meanings that help the language user to transmit information. Moreover, situational meanings are delivered by different forms of language use that occur in various contexts.
In this paper, the speech act of warning has been examined to identify ten social situations applied on EFL Kurdish senior students at the English department. The research method adopted is a qualitative and a quantitative approach to analyze the data. The selected situation consists of 5 options introduced to the selected participants to select the suitable answer for warning strategies according to their knowledge and experience. The analysis focuses on two aspects: firstly, identifying the warning strategies that are expressed explicatory or implicitly and secondly on examining the verbal and nonverbal warning speech act. Austin (1962) and Searle (1971)'s theoretical framework of Warning speech act have been used in the analysis of the data. The results and findings of the analysis show that Kurdish EFL participants can competently interact with the implicit and explicit speech act of warning in the selected social situations, as well as that warning strategy can impact the participants’ verbal, non-verbal communicative skills in their reactions.
Other findings show that Kurdish EFL participants use directness in expressing warning strategies in some situations, as well as indirectness in others. In the latter, the Kurdish participants develop politeness strategies in their answers to different situations in order to maintain a positive face to the addressees and help them not to face embarrassment.
Políticas públicas agroambientales en Bolivia (2006-2019)
Authors: Ponce de León Iturry Juan Carlos 
Published: September 2022

El artículo presenta el marco jurídico agroambiental boliviano desarrollado durante el periodo de gobierno del Movimiento al Socialismo – Instrumento por la Soberanía de los Pueblos (MAS-IPSP) entre 2006-2019 y su incorporación al marco normativo general (leyes, decretos, reglamentos), programático (planes, programas), operativo (resoluciones ministeriales) y substancialmente a las políticas públicas enunciadas en la Ley Nº144 considerando una interpretación sistemática de la constitución y un enfoque de economía agraria de los resultados resaltando el papel de los organismos genéticamente modificados y los biocombustibles.<div class="__undp_selection_bubble"> </div><div class="__undp_selection_bubble"> </div><div class="__undp_selection_bubble"> </div><div class="__undp_selection_bubble"> </div><div class="__undp_selection_bubble"> </div>
Consecuencias territoriales de la reforma al régimen de las regalías en Colombia
Authors: Ulloa Castrillón Luis Fernando 
Published: September 2022

<p class="Standard">: El presente artículo pretende aportar reflexiones académicas sobre las consecuencias territoriales de la actual reforma al régimen colombiano del Sistema General de Regalías (SGR), partiendo de un contexto de análisis socio jurídico con rigor crítico, sustentado en el desarrollo jurisprudencial y normativo frente a las múltiples consecuencias e impactos generados por las políticas de regalías en los territorios donde se desarrollan actividades de la industria minero energética. Se analiza a profundidad la existencia de una brecha entre el Estado centralizado y las periféricas Entidades Territoriales productoras de Recursos Naturales No Renovables (RNNR) que soportan la mayor parte de los impactos derivados de las operaciones extractivas, sin contraprestación económica alguna que mitigue los impactos sociales. </p>
Potensi Pengembangan Industri Pengolahan Dari Izin Pemanfaatan Hasil Hutan Kayu Hutan Tanaman (IUPHHK-HT) Di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Sukamto Agus 
Published: September 2022

Provinsi Kalimantan Barat memiliki kawasan hutan seluas 8.389.600 Ha. Komposisi luasan hutan berdasarkan fungsi menunjukkan bahwa 53% luas kawasan hutannya merupakan hutan produksi. Salah satu bentuk pemanfaatan hutan produksi adalah izin pemanfaatan hasil hutan kayu hutan tanaman atau IUPHHK-HT. Sampai dengan tahun 2019 di Kalimantan Barat, terdapat IUPHHK-HT seluas 1.903.429,00 Ha terdiri atas 47 (empat puluh tujuh) izin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui produksi kayu dari IUPHHK-HT di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat, (2) mengetahui tata niaga hasil hutan kayu dari IUPHHK-HT di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat, dan (3) mengetahui potensi pengembangan industri berbahan kayu tanaman di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) total produksi kayu tanaman dari IUPHHK-HT selama kurun waktu 2017 – 2019 di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat adalah 3.156.201,41 m3 yang bersumber dari 8 unit IUPHHK-HT. Kontribusi Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak (PNBP) berupa Provisi Sumber Daya Hutan (PSDH) tahun 2017 - 2019 mencapai Rp 20.885.055.399. (2) Total peredaran kayu IUPHHK-HT selama kurun waktu 2017 – 2019 adalah 3.246.511,38 m3 atau 1.082.170,46 m3 / tahun. Hasil hutan kayu tanaman dari Provinsi Kalimantan Barat sebanyak 3.213.855,71 m3 (98,99%) dikirim ke IUIPHHK di luar wilayah Provinsi Kalimantan Barat yaitu Provinsi Riau dan Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Sisanya sebanyak 32.655,67 m3 (1,01%) dikirim ke Izin Usaha Industri Primer Hasil Hutan Kayu (IUIPHHK) di wilayah Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Pelaku tata niaga kayu hasil hutan tanaman yaitu IUPHHK-HT dan IUIPHHK. (3) Kayu hasil tanaman dari IUPHHK-HT di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat berpotensi diolah menjadi produk kayu olahan dalam rangka meningkatkan nilai tambah industri kayu dan kontribusi perekonomian di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat.
LIBERALISME DALAM PEMIKIRAN ISLAM
Authors: Sinta Dewi Ning Ratna 
Published: September 2022

Liberalism is a study that discusses the issue of freedom or rather the understanding of the freedom inherent in every human being. Free attitude in this case is not only limited to the issue of belief in God alone, but this free attitude includes all aspects that exist in oneself, actions and thoughts that are owned by every human being. Islam itself teaches its followers to have a liberal attitude, in this case the intended liberal must be adapted to the teachings that apply in the Islamic religion. Likewise with thoughts, where every human being has different thoughts, and as long as these thoughts do not violate the applicable religious rules, then that thinking deserves to be maintained and even developed for progress.AbstrakLiberalisme merupakan kajian yang membahas persoalan kebebasan atau lebih tepatnya paham tentang kebebasan yang melekat pada diri setiap manusia. Sikap bebas dalam hal ini tidak hanya sebatas tentang persoalan keyakinan kepada Tuhan semata, namun sikap bebas ini meliputi segala aspek yang ada dalam diri, perbuatan dan juga pemikiran yang dimiliki oleh setiap manusia. Islam sendiri mengajarkan kepada pengikutnya untuk memiliki sikap liberal, dalam hal ini liberal yang dimaksud harus disesuaikan dengan ajaran yang berlaku dalam agama Islam tersebut. Begitu juga halnya dengan pemikiran, dimana setiap manusia memiliki pemikiran yang berbeda-beda, dan selama pemikiran tersebut tidak menyalahi aturan agama yang berlaku, maka pemikiran itu layak untuk dipertahankan bahkan dikembangkan demi kemajuan.
Evaluation of Fracture Risk Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Receiving Different Oral Anticoagulants
Authors: Lui David Tak Wai , Ho Man Tang Eric , Au Ivan Chi Ho , Wu Tingting , Lee Chi Ho , Wong Chun Ka , Cheung Chloe Yu Yan , Fong Carol Ho Yi , Chow Wing Sun , Woo Yu Cho , Tan Kathryn Choon Beng , Lam Karen Siu Ling , Wong Carlos King Ho 
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE
Patients with type 2 diabetes are at higher risk for fracture risk because of attenuated bone turnover and impaired bone microarchitecture. The comparative effect of warfarin over non–vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) on incident fractures among patients with type 2 diabetes comorbid with atrial fibrillation (AF) remains to be elucidated.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This was a retrospective, propensity score–weighted, population-based cohort study of adults with type 2 diabetes and AF who were started on warfarin or NOAC between 2005 and 2019 identified from an electronic database of the Hong Kong Hospital Authority. The primary outcome was a composite of major osteoporotic fractures (hip, clinical vertebral, proximal humerus, and wrist). Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression models.

RESULTS
A total of 15,770 patients with type 2 diabetes comorbid with AF were included (9,288 on NOAC, 6,482 on warfarin). During a median follow-up of 20 months, 551 patients (3.5%) sustained major osteoporotic fractures (201 [2.2%] in the NOAC group, 350 [5.4%] in the warfarin group). The adjusted cumulative incidence was lower among NOAC users than warfarin users (HR 0.80; 95% CI 0.64, 0.99; P = 0.044). Subgroup analyses showed consistent protective effects against major osteoporotic fractures among NOAC users across sex, age, HbA1c, duration of diabetes, and history of severe hypoglycemia compared with warfarin users.

CONCLUSIONS
NOAC use was associated with a lower risk of major osteoporotic fractures than warfarin use among patients with type 2 diabetes comorbid with AF. NOAC may be the preferred anticoagulant from the perspective of bone health.