bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frailty and risk of mortality in older cancer survivors and adults without a cancer history: Evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999‐2014
Authors: Zhang Dongyu , Mobley Erin M. , Manini Todd M. , Leeuwenburgh Christiaan , Anton Stephen D. , Washington Caretia J. , Zhou Daohong , Parker Alexander S. , Okunieff Paul G. , Bian Jiang , Guo Yi , Pahor Marco , Hiatt Robert A. , Braithwaite Dejana 
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUNDEpidemiologic evidence reporting the role of frailty in survival among older adults with a prior cancer diagnosis is limited.METHODSA total of 2050 older adults (≥60 years old) surviving for at least 1 year after a cancer diagnosis and 9474 older adults without a cancer history from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999‐2014) were included for analysis. The exposure variable, a 45‐item frailty index (FI), was categorized on the basis of validated cutoffs (FI ≤ 0.10 [fit], 0.10 < FI ≤ 0.21 [prefrail], and FI > 0.21 [frail]). All‐cause mortality was ascertained via the National Death Index. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) for the FI, and this was followed by restricted cubic splines depicting dose‐response curves.RESULTSFor older cancer survivors, the mean age at the baseline was 72.6 years (SD, 7.1 years); 5.9% were fit, 38.2% were prefrail, and 55.9% were frail. Older adults without a cancer history were slightly younger (mean age, 70.0 years) and less frail (47.9% were frail). At each level of the FI, cancer survivors (1.9 per 100 person‐years for FI ≤ 0.10, 3.4 per 100 person‐years for 0.10 < FI ≤ 0.21, and 7.5 per 100 person‐years for FI > 0.21) had higher mortality than their cancer‐free counterparts (1.4 per 100 person‐years for FI ≤ 0.10, 2.4 per 100 person‐years for 0.10 < FI ≤ 0.21, and 5.4 per 100 person‐years for FI > 0.21). The multivariable model suggested a positive association between the FI and all‐cause mortality for survivors (aHR for FI > 0.21 vs FI ≤ 0.10, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.73‐4.53) and participants without a cancer history (aHR for FI > 0.21 vs FI ≤ 0.10, 2.75; 95% CI, 2.29‐3.32). Restricted cubic splines indicated that all‐cause mortality risk increased with the FI in a monotonic pattern.CONCLUSIONSFrailty is associated with a higher risk of death in older cancer survivors and the elderly without a cancer history.;
Triplet‐Primed PCR Assays for Accurate Screening of FMR1 CGG Repeat Expansion and Genotype Verification
Authors: Rajan‐Babu Indhu‐Shree , Lian Mulias , Chong Samuel S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFragile X syndrome and other fragile X‒associated disorders are caused by the full‐mutation (>200 copies) and premutation (55 to 200 copies) expansion, respectively, of the CGG short tandem repeat in the fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein 1 (FMR1) gene. Clinical diagnostic laboratories use Southern blot analysis and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based tests to detect and/or size the FMR1 CGG repeats. The development of sensitive and high‐throughput triplet‐primed PCR (TP‐PCR) assays has diminished the need to subject all samples to Southern blot analysis, which is both labor‐ and time‐intensive. In this article, we describe two direct TP‐PCR (dTP‐PCR) assays for the detection of FMR1 CGG repeat expansions. We outline a protocol that is based on melting curve analysis of dTP‐PCR amplicons for a rapid and cost‐effective first‐tier screening and identification of individuals with premutation and full‐mutation expansions. We also describe a protocol that employs capillary electrophoresis to resolve the dTP‐PCR amplicon fragments and to estimate the repeat sizes of normal (5 to 44 copies), intermediate (45 to 54 copies), and premutation alleles, as well as to detect full mutations and determine the structure of the FMR1 alleles. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Direct triplet‐primed PCR master mix preparation and amplification of the FMR1 CGG repeat locus for melting curve analysisBasic Protocol 2: Melting curve analysis of direct triplet‐primed PCR amplicons on the Rotor‐Gene Q MD × 5plex high‐resolution melt platformAlternate Protocol: Melting curve analysis of direct triplet‐primed PCR amplicons on the LightCycler 480 systemBasic Protocol 3: Generation of direct triplet‐primed PCR melting curve analysis profilesBasic Protocol 4: Direct triplet‐primed PCR master mix preparation and amplification of the FMR1 CGG repeat locus for capillary electrophoresisBasic Protocol 5: Generation of control FMR1 plasmids for direct triplet‐primed PCR melting curve analysisBasic Protocol 6: Sanger sequencing assay to verify FMR1 CGG repeat size and structure of plasmid DNA controls
Analyzing the corporate social responsibility perception from customer relationship quality perspective. An application to the retail banking sector
Authors: Hobeika Janine , Khelladi Insaf , Orhan Mehmet A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractManagement scholars are increasingly stressing the importance of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and its growing role in today's business world. Building on stakeholder theory and relationship marketing theoretical framework, this study focuses on the link between customers and CSR and the role of frontline employees in building customer relationship quality, critical for CSR initiatives. This article investigates the effects of expected relational benefits and professional stereotypes on customers' perceptions of companies' CSR activities. This research unveils the cognitive processes influencing customers' perceptions of CSR initiatives the moment they open the companies' doors. A survey was conducted among customers in the banking sector that is experiencing an increasing deployment of CSR programs. We found that frontline employees, as drivers of relational benefits, actively participate in how customers perceive their banks' CSR initiatives. However, how customers perceive their banks through bankers' professional stereotypes partially influences their perceptions of CSR initiatives.
Dual nature of the relationship between corporate social responsibility and human resource management: A blessing or a curse?
Authors: Karatas‐Ozkan Mine , Özgören Çağla , Yamak Sibel , Ibrahim Shahnaz , Tunalıoğlu Melike Nur , Pinnington Ashly , Nicolopoulou Katerina , Baruch Yehuda 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWith the increase and prominence of corporate social responsibility (CSR), it is important to understand the interaction between CSR and human resource management (HRM), drawing on multiple institutional logics that shape such interaction in organizations. Drawing on a qualitative study, we reveal context‐sensitive nature of the CSR‐HRM relationship by demonstrating all field‐level forces and peculiarities of meso‐level influences. We have identified a dual nature in this relationship. This duality is implicated in unintended and intended organizational outcomes, such as exploitation of workforce and democratizing CSR engagements, respectively. We offer multiple contributions to knowledge and practice. By exploring dual nature of the CSR‐HRM relationship, we demonstrate multiple roles that the HR function plays in organizations, such as mediating role, regulating and governance role and legitimizing role. We recommend that organizations might better approach CSR from an employee engagement perspective and posit that employees' perceptions of CSR authenticity and of local needs will transform the dynamics of the CSR‐HRM relationship and organizational commitments.
Fine‐Tuning of Siloxane Pendant Distance for Achieving Highly Efficient Eco‐Friendly Nonfullerene Solar Cells
Authors: Yuan Dong , Zhang Lianjie , Chen Junwu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSide‐chain engineering has been proved to show profound impact on polymer properties and blend morphology. Herein, the critical role of siloxane‐terminated alkoxy side chains was revealed by a tiny decorating method through which the molar content of siloxane‐terminated alkoxy side chain was fixed to 5 %, and its alkyl linker was the only tuning factor. The pentylene, heptylene, and nonylene linkers were designed and used to synthesize wide‐bandgap polymers PQSi505, PQSi705, and PQSi905, respectively. Interestingly, the siloxane pendant of combinatory side chain exhibited a distinct impact on molecular packing when its branching position shifted slightly. Among the three polymers, PQSi705 had the strongest aggregation and the highest packing order. Finally, toluene‐processed organic solar cells (OSCs) based on PQSi705 and Y6‐BO achieved the best power conversion efficiency of 15.77 %. This work suggests that siloxane pendant can serve as a powerful modulator to enhance the photovoltaic performance of OSCs.
Issues in the calculations of dc conductivity of warm dense aluminium
Authors: Wetta Nadine , Pain Jean‐Christophe 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn the Ziman‐Evans formulation, the electrical resistivity involves several quantities like the plasma mean ionization and chemical potential, the electron‐ion scattering cross‐section, the ion‐ion structure factor, and the derivative of the Fermi distribution with respect to electron energy. Therefore, to make significant progress while comparing different models or analysing experimental measurements, it is important to try to get insight into such partial physical quantities. In the present work, we propose to investigate the sensitivity of the resistivity to the different physical quantities required for its computation.
Climate influence on plant–pollinator interactions in the keystone species Vaccinium myrtillus
Authors: Olsen Siri L. , Evju Marianne , Åström Jens , Løkken Jørn O. , Dahle Sondre , Andresen Jonas L. , Eide Nina E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractClimate change is altering the world's ecosystems through direct effects of climate warming and precipitation changes but also indirectly through changes in biotic interactions. For instance, climate‐driven changes in plant and/or insect communities may alter plant–pollinator interactions, thereby influencing plant reproductive success and ultimately population dynamics of insect‐pollinated plants. To better understand how the importance of insect pollination for plant fruit set varies with climate, we experimentally excluded pollinators from the partly selfing keystone species Vaccinium myrtillus along elevational gradients in the forest‐tundra ecotone in central Norway. The study comprised three mountain areas, seven elevational gradients spanning from the climatically relatively benign birch forest to the colder alpine areas above the tree line, and 180 plots of 1 × 1 m, with experimental treatments allocated randomly to plots within sites. Within the experimental plots, we counted the number of flowers of V. myrtillus and counted and weighed all fruits, as well as seeds for a selection of fruits. Excluding pollinators resulted in lower fruit production, as well as reduced fruit and seed mass of V. myrtillus. In the alpine sites pollinator exclusion resulted in 84% fewer fruits, 50% lower fruit weight, and 50% lower seed weight compared to control conditions. Contrary to our expectations, the negative effect of pollinator exclusion was less pronounced in the forest compared to alpine sites, suggesting that the importance of insect pollination for seed production is lower at low elevations. Our findings indicate that the keystone species V. myrtillus is relatively robust to changes in the pollinator community in a warmer climate, thereby making it less vulnerable to climate‐driven changes in plant–pollinator interactions.
Reproducing ground response using in‐situ soil dynamic parameters
Authors: Miao Yu , He Hongjun , Liu Huabei , Wang Suyang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this study, we extracted the in‐situ soil dynamic parameters that contains shear wave velocity, shear modulus degradation curve and damping ratio from seismic data recorded at the Delaney Park Digital Array (DPDA) during the 2018 Mw 7.0 Anchorage earthquake. Based on these parameters, a one‐dimensional finite element model in DEEPSOIL is constructed to simulate the propagation of seismic waves in near‐surface, and the simulated pseudo‐spectral accelerations with 5% damping from the in‐situ soil dynamic parameters are compared with those from different velocity profiles and damping models. The results show that: (1) it is necessary to consider the effects of downward waves on the estimation of shear strain when extracting the modulus degradation curve, otherwise the shear strain will be overestimated by several times at this site; (2) the validity and reliability of the use of the in‐situ soil dynamic parameters in reproducing and predicting nonlinear ground response are verified, in which the Pearson correlation coefficients between the simulated and observed spectral accelerations at different depths for five selected events are generally higher than 0.95; (3) the ground response analysis exhibits relatively high sensitivity to both velocity profiles and damping models, where the velocity profile extracted from vertical seismic data obviously outperforms other velocity profiles, and the Rayleigh damping provides an alternative to the constant damping model in this study.
Optimal parameter estimation of solid oxide fuel cells model using bald eagle search optimizer
Authors: Abaza Amlak , El Sehiemy Ragab A. , El‐Fergany Attia , Bayoumi Ahmed Saeed Abdelrazek 
Published: May 2022

SummaryIn this article, a new nature‐inspired optimizer based on bald eagles' fish hunting behavior is proposed for accurate parameters estimation of the solid oxide fuel cells stack's model. The optimal estimated values of the seven control parameters are generated by the bald eagle search (BES) optimizer. These parameters have optimized the model of the solid oxide fuel cells stack and formulated it as an optimization problem with associated constraints. The employed BES optimizer is a flexible algorithm with a relatively large population size which effectively improves the optimization process and has the ability to be improved. The BES optimizer is smooth, rapid, and steady in the convergence process. The BES optimizer is a very simple algorithm that consists of three main stages which are selecting hunting space, searching in the hunting area, and swooping stage. The model of the stack is tested at four operating conditions at 3 bar and varied temperatures of 923/973/1023/1073 K. The BES optimizer leads to more accurate parameters with good convergences. The insignificant values of reported worst mean square errors of something around 4.7e‐6 V2 points out the full conformity and coincidence between actual and estimated dataset voltage points. In addition to that, the efficacy of the BES optimizer is assured by comparing the results to parameters estimated from some recent techniques. The cropped estimated polarization curves, V‐I and P‐I, are very close to the measured datasets at various operating conditions. Statistics metrics indicate the robustness and the viability of the BES compared to other recent challenging optimizers.
Bio‐waste derived carbon nano‐onions as an efficient electrode material for symmetric and lead‐carbon hybrid ultracapacitors
Authors: Muduli Sadananda , Pati Subir K. , Martha Surendra K. 
Published: May 2022

SummaryCarbon and metal oxide nanocomposites have been extensively studied as electrode materials to develop energy and power‐dense supercapacitors in recent years. Nevertheless, nano carbons with improved porosity and functional moieties are the most eco‐friendly and cost‐effective supercapacitor materials. In this work, carbon nano‐onions (CNOs) synthesized by a single‐step flame soot collection method, subsequently calcined at 600°C in an inert environment (CNO‐600), are used as electrode material for the supercapacitors. CNO‐600 s have a layer‐by‐layer nano onion structure with a ~25 nm particle size and a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area of 147 m2 g−1. CNO‐600 delivers 266 and 186 F g−1 of capacitance at 0.5 A g−1 for half cells and symmetric ultracapacitors, respectively. Ultracapacitors show capacitance retention of 91% with 20 000 GCD cycles in 1 M H2SO4 electrolyte. The stable capacitance of CNO‐600 is due to easy intercalation/de‐intercalation of electrolyte ions and electrons in the layer‐by‐layer structure of CNOs, contributing to pseudocapacitive charge storage with electric double layer capacitor behavior. The lead‐carbon hybrid ultracapacitor fabricated using CNO‐600 as anode material and PbO2 as cathode delivers a specific capacitance of 515 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 in 4.5 M H2SO4 electrolyte in the voltage range of 2.3 and 0.6 V. The substantial improvement of charge storage in CNO‐based symmetric and lead‐carbon hybrid system, demonstrate an excellent opportunity for the development of high‐performance supercapacitors.
Comparison and evaluation of supercritical CO2 cooling performance in horizontal tubes with variable cross‐section by field synergy theory
Authors: Hao Junhong , Ju Chenzhi , Li Chao , Tian Liang , Ge Zhihua , Du Xiaoze 
Published: May 2022

SummaryThe cooling/heating performance improvement of supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) in heat exchange tube with changing cross‐section is significant and crucial for solar‐driven advanced thermal systems' application and development. The study introduced and constructed straight, diverging, and converging horizontal tubes with the changing cross‐section. The analyzation and evaluation of the sCO2 cooling performance used the combination of SST k‐ω turbulence model‐based numerical method and the field synergy theory, including the influence of tube cross‐sectional shape, inlet pressure and temperature on the cooling performance. As these simulation results indicate, the converging tube can enhance the flow field's synergy and increase the heat transfer ability by 13.15% under cooling conditions. Nevertheless, the heat transfer ability of the sCO2 decreases in the diverging tube under cooling conditions. Besides, the total heat transfer rate rises and the surface heat transfer coefficient has the opposite trends when the inlet temperature increases. Meanwhile, when inlet pressure varies from 11 to 12 MPa, the total heat exchange and surface convective heat transfer coefficient are the maximum. In conclusion, a converging horizontal tube and a suitable inlet pressure can effectively improve the cooling performance of the sCO2. The converging cross‐section design will provide an alternative for its application in advanced thermal systems.
Randomized controlled trial of cognitive remediation therapy in adolescent inpatients with anorexia nervosa: Neuropsychological outcomes
Authors: Herbrich‐Bowe Laura , Bentz Lea K. , Correll Christoph U. , Kappel Viola , van Noort Betteke M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveNeuropsychological dysfunction exists in anorexia nervosa (AN). Cognitive Remediation Therapy (CRT), mainly evaluated in adults with AN, targets these impairments.MethodsAdolescent inpatients (age = 11–17 years) with AN were randomized to 5 weeks of either 10 sessions of individually delivered CRT or non‐specific cognitive‐training (NSCT). Co‐primary outcomes included cognitive domain ‘flexibility’ [composite score of Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WSCT) and Trail Making Test (TMT‐4)] and ‘central coherence’ [composite score of Central Coherence Index (CCI) and Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT)] at end of treatment (FU1). Secondary outcomes included individual test scores and self‐reported everyday‐life flexibility at FU1 and at 6‐months post‐treatment (FU2). Independent sample t‐tests, Pearson chi‐square‐tests and mixed models for repeated measures (MMRM) analyses were conducted.ResultsIn 56 females (age = 15.1 ± 1.5 years), CRT was not superior to NSCT at FU1 regarding ‘flexibility’ (p = 0.768) or ‘central coherence’ (p = 0.354), nor at FU2 (p = 0.507; p = 0.624) (effect sizes = 0.02–0.26). Both groups improved over time in central coherence (CCI p = 0.001; GEFT p < 0.001), self‐reported flexibility (p = 0.002) and WCST (p = 0.18), but not TMT‐4 (p = 0.286). NSCT was superior to CRT regarding self‐reported planning/organisation ability at FU1 (p < 0.001) and FU2 (p = 0.003).ConclusionsCRT was not superior to NSCT in adolescent inpatients with AN. More randomized controlled studies are needed.
Model order reduction for bifurcating phenomena in fluid‐structure interaction problems
Authors: Khamlich Moaad , Pichi Federico , Rozza Gianluigi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis work explores the development and the analysis of an efficient reduced order model for the study of a bifurcating phenomenon, known as the Coandă effect, in a multi‐physics setting involving fluid and solid media. Taking into consideration a fluid‐structure interaction problem, we aim at generalizing previous works towards a more reliable description of the physics involved. In particular, we provide several insights on how the introduction of an elastic structure influences the bifurcating behavior. We have addressed the computational burden by developing a reduced order branch‐wise algorithm based on a monolithic proper orthogonal decomposition. We compared different constitutive relations for the solid, and we observed that a nonlinear hyper‐elastic law delays the bifurcation w.r.t. the standard model, while the same effect is even magnified when considering linear elastic solid.
Alteration of gut microbiota in high‐fat diet‐induced obese mice using carnosic acid from rosemary
Authors: He Xuan , Zhang Man , Li Shu‐Ting , Li Xinyu , Huang Qingrong , Zhang Kun , Zheng Xi , Xu Xue‐Tao , Zhao Deng‐Gao , Ma Yan‐Yan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) is widely used as a food ingredient. Rosemary extract (containing 40% carnosic acid) exhibited potent antiobesity activity. However, the relationship between carnosic acid (CA) and changes in the gut microbiota of high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced obese mice has not been fully investigated. C57BL/6 mice were fed a normal diet, an HFD, or an HFD containing 0.1% or 0.2% CA for 10 weeks. CA exhibited promising antiobesity effects and caused marked alterations in the gut microbiota of HFD‐induced obese mice. CA caused the prevalence of probiotics and functional bacteria, including Akkermansia muciniphila, Muribaculaceae unclassified, and Clostridium innocuum group, and inhibited diabetes‐sensitive bacteria, including Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. The ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes was regulated by CA in a dose‐dependent manner, decreasing it from 13.22% to 2.42%. Additionally, CA reduced bile acid‐metabolizing bacteria, such as Bilophila, Clostridium, Lactobacillus, and Leuconostoc. The results of the linear discriminant analysis and effect size analysis indicated that CA attenuated the microbial changes caused by HFD. The high CA (HCA) group (HFD containing 0.2% CA) exhibited a greater abundance of Verrucomicrobiae (including Akkermansia muciniphila, genus Akkermansia, family Akkermansiaceae, and order Verrucomicrobiales), Eubacterium, and Erysipelatoclostridium, and the low CA (LCA) group (HFD containing 0.1% CA) exhibited a greater abundance of Eisenbergiella, Intestinimonas, and Ruminococcaceae. Our results demonstrate that the antiobesity effects of CA might be strongly related to its prebiotic effects.