bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between blood lead levels and markers of calcium homeostasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Upadhyay Kuldip , Viramgami Ankit , Bagepally Bhavani Shankara , Balachandar Rakesh 
Published: February 2022

AbstractChronic Pb exposure associated systemic illness are partly posited to involve calcium homeostasis. Present systematic review aims to comprehensively evaluate the association between chronic lead exposure and markers of calcium homeostasis. Observational studies documenting the changes in calcium homeostasis markers (i.e. serum calcium, parathyroid hormone, vitamin D & calcitonin) between occupationally Pb exposed group and control group were systematically searched from pubmed-Medline, Scopus, and Embase digital databases since inception to September 24, 2021. The protocol was earlier registered at PROSPERO (ID: CRD42020199503) and executed adhering to PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Mean differences of calcium homeostasis markers between the groups were analysed using random-effects model. Conventional I2 statistics was employed to assess heterogeneity, while the risk for various biases were assessed using Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Sub-group, sensitivity and meta-regression analyses were performed where data permitted. Eleven studies including 837 Pb exposed and 739 controls were part of the present study. Pb exposed group exhibited higher mean blood lead level [i.e. 36.13 (with 95% CI 25.88–46.38) µg/dl] significantly lower serum calcium (i.e. − 0.72 mg/dl with 95% CI − 0.36 to − 1.07) and trend of higher parathyroid levels and lower vitamin D levels than controls. Heterogeneity was high (I2 > 90%) among the studies. Considering the cardinal role of calcium in multiple biological functions, present observations emphasis the need for periodic evaluation of calcium levels and its markers among those with known cumulative Pb exposure.
Modulating residual ammonium in MnO2 for high-rate aqueous zinc-ion batteries
Authors: Fu Yancheng , Jia Caoer , Chen Zihan , Zhang Xiaosheng , Liang Shuaijie , Zhai Zhen , Chen Jinzhou , Liu Xuying , Zhang Linlin 
Published: February 2022

A high-rate aqueous zinc-ion battery is assembled by β-MnO2 electrode with residual NH4+. The NH4+ could stabilize the chemical structure of the distorted Mn3+O6 by forming Mn–O⋯H bond and serve as a “retractable spring” to avoid tunnel collapse.
Mechanistic insights into the pressure-induced polymerization of aryl/perfluoroaryl co-crystals
Authors: Gerthoffer Margaret C. , Xu Bohan , Wu Sikai , Cox Jordan , Huss Steven , Oburn Shalisa M. , Lopez Steven A. , Crespi Vincent H. , Badding John V. , Elacqua Elizabeth 
Published: February 2022

The pressure-induced polymerization of aryl/perfluoroaryl co-crystals offers a strategic route to obtain sequence-defined polymeric architectures, such as diamond nanothreads, that feature a stiff sp3 hybridized backbone.
The first widespread solar energetic particle event of solar cycle 25 on 2020 November 29
Authors: Kouloumvakos A. , Kwon R. Y. , Rodríguez-García L. , Lario D. , Dresing N. , Kilpua E. K. J. , Vainio R. , Török T. , Plotnikov I. , Rouillard A. P. , Downs C. , Linker J. A. , Malandraki O. E. , Pinto R. F. , Riley P. , Allen R. C. 
Published: February 2022

Context. On 2020 November 29, an eruptive event occurred in an active region located behind the eastern solar limb as seen from Earth. The event consisted of an M4.4 class flare, a coronal mass ejection, an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wave, and a white-light (WL) shock wave. The eruption gave rise to the first widespread solar energetic particle (SEP) event of solar cycle 25, which was observed at four widely separated heliospheric locations (∼230°).
Aims. Our aim is to better understand the source of this widespread SEP event, examine the role of the coronal shock wave in the wide distribution of SEPs, and investigate the shock wave properties at the field lines magnetically connected to the spacecraft.
Methods. Using EUV and WL data, we reconstructed the global three-dimensional structure of the shock in the corona and computed its kinematics. We determined the magnetic field configurations in the corona and interplanetary space, inferred the magnetic connectivity of the spacecraft with the shock surface, and derived the evolution of the shock parameters at the connecting field lines.
Results. Remote sensing observations show formation of the coronal shock wave occurring early during the eruption, and its rapid propagation to distant locations. The results of the shock wave modelling show multiple regions where a strong shock has formed and efficient particle acceleration is expected to take place. The pressure/shock wave is magnetically connected to all spacecraft locations before or during the estimated SEP release times. The release of the observed near-relativistic electrons occurs predominantly close to the time when the pressure/shock wave connects to the magnetic field lines or when the shock wave becomes supercritical, whereas the proton release is significantly delayed with respect to the time when the shock wave becomes supercritical, with the only exception being the proton release at the Parker Solar Probe.
Conclusions. Our results suggest that the shock wave plays an important role in the spread of SEPs. Supercritical shock regions are connected to most of the spacecraft. The particle increase at Earth, which is barely connected to the wave, also suggests that the cross-field transport cannot be ignored. The release of energetic electrons seems to occur close to the time when the shock wave connects to, or becomes supercritical at, the field lines connecting to the spacecraft. Energetic protons are released with a time-delay relative to the time when the pressure/shock wave connects to the spacecraft locations. We attribute this delay to the time that it takes for the shock wave to accelerate protons efficiently.
Establishing Reference Ranges for Aldosterone, Renin and
Aldosterone-to-Renin Ratio for Women in the Third-Trimester of
Pregnancy
Authors: Lewandowski Krzysztof C. , Tadros-Zins Monika , Horzelski Wojciech , Grzesiak Mariusz , Lewinski Andrzej 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective Diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism in pregnancy is
complicated due to lack of reference ranges for aldosterone, renin and
aldosterone-to-renin ratio. We have endeavoured to establish third-trimester
reference ranges for the above-mentioned parameters.
Design & Patients We performed postural tests for aldosterone and
renin (chemiluminescence immunoassay Liason® DiaSorin Inc., Italy) in 70
healthy pregnant women (age 30.53±4.51 years), at 32.38±4.25
weeks of gestation and in 22 non-pregnant healthy women (age 33.08±8.72
years).
Results Aldosterone reference ranges were
6.51–73.97 ng/dl and
12.33–86.38 ng/dl, for supine and upright positions,
respectively and that for renin were 6.25–59.36 µIU/ml
and 11.12–82.55 µIU/ml, respectively. Aldosterone and
renin concentrations were higher in an upright position (p=0.000459 and
p=0.00011, respectively). In contrast, aldosterone-to-renin ratio was
not affected by posture (i. e.
0.497–3.084 ng/dl/µIU/ml versus
0.457–3.06 ng/dl/µIU/ml,
p=0.12), but was higher (p=0.00081) than in non-pregnant
controls. In comparison to manufacturer-provided non-pregnant reference range,
supine aldosterone concentrations increased by 556% (lower cut-off) and
313% (upper cut-off), while upright aldosterone concentrations increased
by 558% (lower cut-off) and 244% (upper cut-off). The reference
range for supine renin concentrations increased by 223% (lower cut-off)
and 48.7% (upper cut-off), while upright renin concentrations increased
by 253% (lower cut-off) and 79% (upper cut-off).
Conclusions There is an upward shift in aldosterone and renin reference
ranges in the third-trimester of pregnancy accompanied by an increase in an
aldosterone-to-renin ratio, that is not influenced by posture. It remains to be
established whether the aldosterone-to-renin ratio may be used as a screening
tool for primary hyperaldosteronism in pregnancy.
Metastatic Extra-Adrenal Pheochromocytoma with Single Kidney and Renal Compromise: A Case Report of Excellent Response, Tolerability, and Outcome to a Modified Regimen of 131I-mIBG, and Decision-Making between 131I-mIBG Therapy and PRRT
Authors: Loharkar Sarvesh , Basu Sandip 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDetermining the choice and the goal is key element for decision-making of a systemic radionuclide therapy. They should be clearly defined in deciding and individualizing the dose and regimen. For iodine-131 metaiodobenzylguanidine (131I-mIBG) therapy, the important considerations during dose fractionation include disease burden, tumor biology, functional symptoms, and associated comorbidities, all of which are important determinants for the intent and course of treatment. Herein, we present the case of a 67-year-old elderly female with highly functional metastatic recurrent extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma (presenting 42 years after the primary surgery and 32 years following excision of pararenal recurrence) with multiple comorbidities including single kidney and borderline renal compromise, treated successfully with a relatively lower dose of 131I-mIBG (cumulative dose of 22.2 GBq in four cycles with a mean dose of 5.7 GBq per therapy cycle). The excellent tumor burden reduction, hormonal tumor marker response, and most importantly asymptomatic status could be achieved with the administered dose. On follow-up, none of the pretherapeutic parameters (including renal function) showed any further derangement compared with the baseline during next 24 months following the treatment. All cycles were well tolerated with only reversible hematological toxicity that normalized without any active intervention. The report is intended to provide some guidance for future therapeutic regimens.
Outcome of CBV (Carmustine, Cyclophosphamide, Etoposide) Conditioning Regimen for Autologous Stem Cell Transplant in Lymphoma: A Retrospective Study from a Tertiary Cancer Center in South India
Authors: Krishnamoorthi Narendran , Prakash Bhanu , KM Dhanraju , Pani Chinmaya Kumar , Ram Malliha , Rajesh Kalpana , Dubashi Biswajit , Ganesan Prasanth , Kayal Smita 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction In autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) for lymphomas, no standard conditioning regimen has been defined so far. Thus, the choice is guided by the center's familiarity and experience with a particular regimen.
Objective To determine the response, toxicity, and survival outcomes in lymphoma patients who underwent ASCT with CBV (cyclophosphamide, carmustine, and etoposide) conditioning regimen.
Materials and Methods Between January 2013 and May 2019, 45 consecutive lymphoma patients who had ASCT with CBV conditioning regimen were included in this retrospective study. CBV consisted of cyclophosphamide (1.5 g/m2/day × 4 days), carmustine (300 mg/m2 × 1 day), and etoposide (125 mg/m2 twice daily × 3 days). Baseline characteristics, pre transplant response, apheresis, post-transplant toxicities, post-transplant response, and survival outcomes were collected. Endpoints were toxicity, response, event-free survival (EFS), and overall survival (OS).
Results The median age was 30 (range: 6–64) years. Diagnosis was Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) in 26 (58%) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in 19 (42%). Forty-three patients (95%) had chemosensitive disease; 22(49%) in CR, and 21 (46%) in PR. The median CD34 was 2.95 × 106/kg (range: 0.9–9.56). The median time to neutrophil engraftment was 11 days (9–23) and 13 (8–36) days for platelets. All patients had febrile neutropenia, clinically and/or microbiologically documented infection was seen in 75% of patients. The most common grade 3/4 toxicities were mucositis (n = 4, 9%), diarrhea (n = 4, 9%), and nausea/vomiting (n = 2, 4%). The average days of hospitalization was 18 (range: 10–37). Day 100 mortality was 6.6% (n = 3). The median follow-up was 44.8 months. The median EFS for the entire cohort was 23.8 months; for HL, the median EFS was not reached, and for NHL, it was 7.97 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.57–14.37). The median OS for the entire cohort and for HL was not reached; for NHL, it was 24.3 months (95% CI: 0.56–48.11).
Conclusion CBV conditioning regimen was well tolerated with low grade 3/4 toxicities and efficacy comparable to literature data.
Ayurveda Maintenance Therapy in Recurrent Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Wanjarkhedkar Pankaj , Kulkarni Padmaj , Hingmire Sachin , Kelkar Dhananjay , Bokil Kamlesh 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDespite optimal surgery and first-line platinum-based doublet chemotherapy, approximately 70 to 80% of patients with epithelial ovarian cancers relapse. Two cases of recurrent ovarian cancer (ROC) were treated with non–platinum-based Ayurveda maintenance therapy (AMT) consisting of drugs having a herbal and herbomineral origin. This regimen was followed over a period of 3 years and progression-free survival (PFS) was noted along with platinum-free interval (PFI). Two patients were diagnosed with BRCA1 mutated recurrent high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma and treated with the per-oral AMT regimen labeled as ZINCA-30 in our hospital after completion of standard of care treatment and followed up until progression. The ZINCA-30 regimen comprising Jasada (traditional Zinc preparation), Indukanth kwatham and Curcuma amada powder in combination was prescribed based on Rasayana chikitsa postulated in Ayurveda. The patients were followed up every 3 months. The progression-free survival observed in these patients was 28 months and 45 months, respectively. These two pilot cases suggested an increased platinum-free interval (PFI), improved progression-free survival (PFS) in recurrent ovarian cancer (ROC), with the AMT labeled as ZINCA-30 after chemotherapy.
Safety and Effectiveness of Transthoracic Core Needle Biopsy in a Newly Established Interventional Radiology Program in Tanzania
Authors: Mbuguje Erick M. , Alswang Jared M. , Rukundo Ivan , Naif Azza , Laage Gaupp Fabian M. , Ramalingam Vijay , Asch Murray 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Transthoracic core needle biopsy (TTCNB) became a routinely offered procedure in Tanzania in October 2018. This study evaluates the safety and effectiveness of establishing a TTCNB program in a resource-limited setting.
Methodology A single center, prospective, observational cohort study was conducted at Muhimbili National Hospital on 90 patients who underwent computed tomography-guided TTCNB from October 2018 to May 2021. Patient and procedural data, including demographic information, complications, pathology results, and clinical outcomes, were stored in a Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) database. Follow-up was conducted at 4 weeks postprocedure by phone. Descriptive analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences.
Results A total of 90 patients underwent TTCNB. Seven samples were lost or never processed. In total, 68/83 (81.9%) of processed samples were diagnostic, with 89.7% (n = 61) classified as malignant and 10.3% (n = 7) classified as benign. Overall, 82.4% (n = 56) were classified as primary malignancies, 7.4% (n = 5) as metastatic malignancies, 5.9% (n = 4) as benign tumors, and 4.4% (n = 3) as infectious. Reasons for nondiagnostic samples were crashed/insufficient samples in 53.3% (n = 8) and nonspecific chronic inflammation in 46.7% (n = 7). Minor (Society of Interventional Radiology [SIR] class A and B) complications occurred in 8 cases (8.9%), while there was 1 (1.1%) major complication (SIR class F). A total of 44/90 (48.9%) patients could be reached for follow-up at 4 weeks postprocedure. In addition, 31/44 (70.5%) of these patients had a diagnosis of malignancy. Of these, 20 received chemotherapy, 8 died prior to receiving any treatment, 2 declined any further medical or surgical intervention, and 1 was treated with surgical excision and adjuvant chemotherapy.
Conclusion Although recently introduced in Tanzania, TTCNB has been performed with 81.9% diagnostic accuracy and a complication rate comparable to existing literature.
Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty Utilization among Early Career Surgeons: An Evaluation of the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery Part-II Database
Authors: Carender Christopher N. , Duchman Kyle R. , Shamrock Alan G. , Glass Natalie A. , Brown Timothy S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAn updated understanding of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) utilization is needed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate temporal trends in volume and utilization of UKA among early-career surgeons and to examine the influence of fellowship training status on utilization of UKA. The American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery (ABOS) Part-II database was queried from 2010 to 2019 to identify candidates who reported ≥1 total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or UKA. Self-reported history of fellowship training experiences was recorded. “High-volume” surgeons were defined as performing ≥7 UKA over the ABOS Part-II collection period. Trends were evaluated with the Cochrane–Armitage test and generalized linear models. From 2010 to 2019, a total of 2,045 candidates (28.1%) reported ≥1 TKA, while 585 candidates (8.0%) reported ≥1 UKA. The number of candidates reporting ≥1 UKA significantly increased (p = 0.001). An increase in UKA volume was observed over the study period (p < 0.001). Rates of utilization of UKA relative to TKA did not change significantly over the study period (p = 0.11). Sixty-three (2.4%) candidates met the study definition for high-volume UKA utilization. UKA procedure volume increased among ABOS Part-II candidates over the study period; however, rates of UKA utilization relative to TKA volume remained unchanged. Increasing volume of UKA performed by early-career surgeons is likely secondary to an increased number of surgeons trained in adult reconstruction. Only 2.4% of candidates who reported performing at least one knee arthroplasty procedure met the threshold for a high-volume UKA practice. Early-career surgeons should remain conscientious of UKA volume in their practice.
Comparison of Optical Forceps-Assisted Single-Port Laparoscopic PIRS and Open Surgery in Morgagni Hernia Repair
Authors: Öztorun Can İhsan , Güney Doğuş , Doruk Hayal , Örnek Demir Tuğba , Demir Sabri , Ertürk Ahmet , Erten Elif Emel , Azılı Müjdem Nur , Şenel Emrah 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to compare the results of classical surgery (CS) and optical forceps-assisted single-port laparoscopic percutaneous internal ring suturing (SP-PIRS) repair for the treatment of Morgagni hernia.
Materials and Methods Patients with Morgagni hernia who were operated on between January 2005 and July 2020 were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups (CS or SP-PIRS) and compared retrospectively in terms of demographic data, defect size, duration of hospitalization, costs, postoperative complications, and recurrence.
Results Thirty-two patients were included in this study. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of gender, defect size, postoperative complications, and recurrence (p > 0.05). The SP-PIRS group had a shorter operation time (p < 0.01), shorter hospital stay (p = 0.02), and lower cost (p < 0.01) than the CS group. The average follow-up was 24 months, and recurrence was detected in two patients in each group.
Conclusion SP-PIRS repair is recommended because it is practical to perform and reduces the duration of surgery, hospital stay, and cost. It is superior to other laparoscopic techniques, as there is no need to use additional study forceps, except in extreme cases, and the surgeon can perform the procedure without an assistant to hold the laparoscope.
Laser-induced fluorescence-dip spectroscopy of Rydberg states of xenon for electric field measurement in plasma
Authors: An Wladimir , Wang Zhen , Weisenburger Alfons , Mueller Georg 
Published: February 2022

Laser-induced fluorescence-dip spectroscopy is considerably modified by using a special broad band dye laser. With a linewidth of the laser of 1 nm, it is possible to detect a wide spectrum of the relevant Stark shifts in order to measure the weak electric fields in plasmas. Depending on the selection of the Rydberg level, the measuring range extends from about 100 V/cm to a few kV/cm. The main advantage of the newly developed method is the possibility to obtain the complete image of the field distribution in a wide spatial area over a few cm within one measurement step at a given time. This allows reliable electric field measurements for phenomena with poor pulse-to-pulse reproducibility on the microscale. The basics of the method and first experimental test results are presented in detail.
Magneto-optical trap for 6Li atoms formed by elliptically polarised light waves
Authors: Il’enkov R.Ya. , Kirpichnikova A.A. , Prudnikov O.N. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We report a study of a model of a magneto-optical trap (MOT) for atoms 6Li in the field with

configuration produced by the counterpropagating elliptically polarised waves, which are in resonance with the optical transition 2S1/2 → 2P3/2 (λ = 670.977 nm). The model takes into account hyperfine splitting of levels inside the natural linewidth of the optical transition. In contrast to a conventional MOT formed by counterpropagating circularly polarised waves (σ
+ – σ
– configuration), the suggested MOT may provide a deeper sub-Doppler cooling of 6Li atoms.
The influence of observing a maternal demonstrator on the ability of lambs to learn a virtual fence
Authors: Kearton Tellisa , Marini Danila , Lee Caroline , Cowley Frances C. 
Published: February 2022

Context In virtual fencing, where an animal learns to remain within a set area by responding to an audio cue in order to avoid receiving an aversive electrical stimulus, maternal learning may play a role in facilitating successful learning. Aims This study aimed to investigate the effect of early observation of virtual fence engagement using a maternal demonstrator on the ability of lambs to later learn to respond correctly to a virtual fence. Method Merino lambs (n = 114) were assigned to one of three treatments prior to being trained to a virtual fence: (1) lambs from experienced demonstrators, in which the lambs observed their mothers interacting with a virtual fence having been trained prior to lambing; (2) lambs from naïve demonstrators, in which lambs observed their mothers learning the virtual fence system; and (3) unexposed lambs, in which lambs had not encountered a virtual fence prior to being trained. Following weaning, lambs were trained to a virtual fence and responses to stimuli were recorded. Key results The number of audio cue and electrical pulse stimuli received by the lambs did not differ across the three treatments (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences between the proportions of correct behavioural responses to the audio cue stimulus across the three treatment groups (P > 0.05). Logistic regression analysis of learning curves showed that lambs from naïve demonstrators displayed a change in behaviour and learned the correct response to the audio cue, while the unexposed lambs and lambs from pre-trained demonstrators did not. Conclusions These results suggest that maternal influences may be influencing the ability of lambs to learn a virtual fence, although the training protocol was limited due to time, space, equipment and environmental constraints. Implications This work may help to inform producers on management decisions for the application of the virtual fencing, such as enabling lambs to observe their mothers interacting with a virtual fence prior to weaning to enhance learning the virtual fence when applied later in life.