bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
See-Through Captions in a Museum Guided Tour: Exploring Museum Guided Tour for Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing People with Real-Time Captioning on Transparent Display
Authors: Suzuki Ippei , Yamamoto Kenta , Shitara Akihisa , Hyakuta Ryosuke , Iijima Ryo , Ochiai Yoichi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAccess to audible information for deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) people is an essential component as we move towards a diverse society. Real-time captioning is a technology with great potential to help the lives of DHH people, and various applications utilizing mobile devices have been developed. These technologies can improve the daily lives of DHH people and can considerably change the value of audio content provided in public facilities such as museums. We developed a real-time captioning system called See-Through Captions that displays subtitles on a transparent display and conducted a demonstration experiment to apply this system to a guided tour in a museum. Eleven DHH people participated in this demonstration experiment, and through questionnaires and interviews, we explored the possibility of utilizing the transparent subtitle system in a guided tour at the museum.
Organisation im Krisenmodus
Authors: Frommer Jana-Andrea , Epple Günther 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungWährend der Flüchtlingssitutation 2015 und 2016 ergaben sich eine Vielzahl an Überforderungs- und Überlastungsmomenten für die Akteure, die an der Lagebewältigung beteiligt waren. Dies betraf unter anderem die Informationsgewinnung, die Personalressourcen, die (technische) Ausstattung sowie die teilweise neu entstandenen Aufgabenfelder und Arbeitsweisen. Gleichzeitig bieten die dabei gemachten, vielfältigen Erfahrungen und die daraus gewonnen Erkenntnisse ein erhebliches Lernpotential, um für zukünftige (krisenhafte) Ereignisse gewappnet zu sein. Ziel krisenresistenter Organisationen ist es, insbesondere bereits bewährte sowie neue Strategien und Maßnahmen möglichst schnell in geordnete Strukturen zu überführen. Neben der Vorbereitung durch Dokumentation, Aufbereitung und Übung erfolgreicher Ad-hoc Maßnahmen, sind dabei auch die notwendigen Strukturen für einen hürdenlosen Kommunikations- und Netzwerkaufbau nach innen und außen zu berücksichtigen.
Wissen in Krisen- und Katastrophenlagen: Umgang mit Erfahrungen aus der Praxis
Authors: Olfermann Elisabeth , Bhatti Sarah 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungIm Bevölkerungsschutz spielen Erfahrungswerte und Wissen eine große Rolle. Diese bilden u. a. die Basis für Entscheidungen in zukünftigen Einsätzen, gelingende Konzepte sowie Lösungsstrategien. Dieses Kapitel widmet sich dem Umgang mit Wissen im Rahmen von Krisen und Einsätzen und nimmt dabei eine besonders praxisnahe Perspektive ein, durch die sowohl organisationsspezifische als auch -übergreifende Erfahrungen wiedergegeben sowie Handlungsimpulse aufgezeigt werden.
Vocal Fatigue als Indikator für komplexe Stimmstörungen – eine diagnostische und therapeutische Herausforderung
Authors: Stappenbeck L. E. , Bartel S. , Brockmann-Bauser M. 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungEine alltagseinschränkende, pathologische Stimmermüdung (Vocal Fatigue) wird v. a. bei BerufssprecherInnen (z. B. LehrerInnen) zunehmend beobachtet und als Indikator für komplexe Stimmstörungen betrachtet. Da bislang wenig systematische Studien zu diesem Phänomen existieren, fehlt bislang eine einheitliche Diagnostik. Anhand der Kasuistik eines Berufssprechers werden Möglichkeiten einer strukturierten Erhebung von Vocal Fatigue vorgestellt und im Hinblick auf ihre laryngoskopischen, instrumentell akustischen („performance fatigue“) und subjektiven Merkmale („perceived fatigue“) diskutiert. Zudem wird eine Abgrenzung zu den Modellen Vocal Effort, Vocal Demand und Vocal Demand Response nach Hunter et al. (2020) vorgenommen.
Contestations in urban mobility: rights, risks, and responsibilities for Urban AI
Authors: Sawhney Nitin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCities today are dynamic urban ecosystems with evolving physical, socio-cultural, and technological infrastructures. Many contestations arise from the effects of inequitable access and intersecting crises currently faced by cities, which may be amplified by the algorithmic and data-centric infrastructures being introduced in urban contexts. In this article, I argue for a critical lens into how inter-related urban technologies, big data and policies, constituted as Urban AI, offer both challenges and opportunities. I examine scenarios of contestations in urban mobility, defined broadly to include equitable access, movement, and liberty to engage with the socio-cultural, political, and urban fabric of cities. I anchor my arguments through a framework of rights, risks, and responsibilities for critically examining and configuring the roles, values and ethical implications for all stakeholders including human, AI and non-human entities within an urban ecosystem. As a way forward, I examine the European Commission’s proposed regulations on AI systems through an illustrative case study of an automated parking control system introduced by the City of Amsterdam. In moving beyond the city to broader urban ecosystems, I highlight the role of engaging Indigenous perspectives for designing and reconciling the implications of equitable and sustainable Urban AI ecosystems in the future.
Guideline-directed medical therapy is similarly effective in heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Straw Sam , Cole Charlotte A. , McGinlay Melanie , Drozd Michael , Slater Thomas A. , Lowry Judith E. , Paton Maria F. , Levelt Eylem , Cubbon Richard M. , Kearney Mark T. , Witte Klaus K. , Gierula John 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Aims
Current guidelines recommend that disease-modifying pharmacological therapies may be considered for patients who have heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF). We aimed to describe the characteristics, outcomes, provision of pharmacological therapies and dose-related associations with mortality risk in HFmrEF.

Methods and results
We explored data from two prospective observational studies, which permitted the examination of the effects of pharmacological therapies across a broad spectrum of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The combined dataset consisted of 2388 unique patients, with a mean age of 73.7 ± 13.2 years of whom 1525 (63.9%) were male. LVEF ranged from 5 to 71% (mean 37.2 ± 12.8%) and 1504 (63.0%) were categorised as having reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), 421 (17.6%) as HFmrEF and 463 (19.4%) as preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Patients with HFmrEF more closely resembled HFrEF than HFpEF. Adjusted all-cause mortality risk was lower in HFmrEF (hazard ratio [HR] 0.86 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74–0.99); p = 0.040) and in HFpEF (HR 0.61 (95% CI 0.52–0.71); p < 0.001) compared to HFrEF. Adjusted all-cause mortality risk was lower in patients with HFrEF and HFmrEF who received the highest doses of beta-blockers or renin-angiotensin inhibitors. These associations were not evident in HFpEF. Once adjusted for relevant confounders, each mg equivalent of bisoprolol (HR 0.95 [95% CI 0.91–1.00]; p = 0.047) and ramipril (HR 0.95 [95%CI 0.90–1.00]; p = 0.044) was associated with incremental reductions in mortality risk in patients with HFmrEF.

Conclusions
Pharmacological therapies were associated with lower mortality risk in HFmrEF, supporting guideline recommendations which extend the indications of these agents to all patients with LVEF < 50%.

Graphic abstract
HFmrEF more closely resembles HFrEF in terms of clinical characteristics and outcomes. Pharmacological therapies are associated with lower mortality risk in HFmrEF and HFrEF, but not in HFpEF.
The Impacts of Animal Farming: A Critical Overview of Primary School Textbooks
Authors: Fonseca Rui Pedro 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBased on a sample of 46 Portuguese schoolbooks, this study aims to understand how factory-farmed animals are presented in such books across the themes of food and health, the environment and sustainability, and animal welfare. It examines whether schoolbooks address the importance of reducing the consumption of animal-based products for a healthy diet, whether plant-based diets are recognized as healthy, whether animal welfare and agency are considered, and whether the livestock sector is indicated as a major factor in environmental degradation. The findings show that schoolbooks present animals as essential for economic activities and human nutrition. Recommendations on reducing the consumption of animal-based products in consideration of the environment, sustainability and human health are very rare. Animal production is presented as benign, and the agency and welfare of factory-farmed animals are simply not addressed.
Occurrence of antibiotics and bacterial resistance genes in wastewater: resistance mechanisms and antimicrobial resistance control approaches
Authors: Mutuku Christopher , Gazdag Zoltan , Melegh Szilvia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAntimicrobial pharmaceuticals are classified as emergent micropollutants of concern, implying that even at low concentrations, long-term exposure to the environment can have significant eco-toxicological effects. There is a lack of a standardized regulatory framework governing the permissible antibiotic content for monitoring environmental water quality standards. Therefore, indiscriminate discharge of antimicrobials at potentially active concentrations into urban wastewater treatment facilities is rampant. Antimicrobials may exert selective pressure on bacteria, leading to resistance development and eventual health consequences. The emergence of clinically important multiple antibiotic-resistant bacteria in untreated hospital effluents and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) has been linked to the continuous exposure of bacteria to antimicrobials. The levels of environmental exposure to antibiotics and their correlation to the evolution and spread of resistant bacteria need to be elucidated to help in the formulation of mitigation measures. This review explores frequently detected antimicrobials in wastewater and gives a comprehensive coverage of bacterial resistance mechanisms to different antibiotic classes through the expression of a wide variety of antibiotic resistance genes either inherent and/or exchanged among bacteria or acquired from the reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in wastewater systems. To complement the removal of antibiotics and ARGs from WWTPs, upscaling the implementation of prospective interventions such as vaccines, phage therapy, and natural compounds as alternatives to widespread antibiotic use provides a multifaceted approach to minimize the spread of antimicrobial resistance.
On how defining and measuring a channel bed elevation impacts key quantities in sediment overloading with supercritical flow
Authors: Eslami Hasan , Yousefyani Hooshyar , Yavary Nia Mohsen , Radice Alessio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe manuscript presents the results of an aggradation experiment performed in a laboratory channel with supercritical flow. The channel was fed with a stationary sediment load exceeding the transport capacity of the flow in the initial condition, thus inducing sediment aggradation and an increase of the bed slope. The experiment is part of a laboratory campaign mimicking sediment overloading in mountain rivers, a process that can determine increased hydraulic risk levels at key spots. A crucial issue in measuring sediment aggradation is the definition and determination of the bed elevation, this issue being quite relevant in experiments with a relatively large transport capacity, where a thick bed-load layer exists and hinders the possibility to determine with confidence a reference bed elevation. The determination of the bed elevation, in turn, impacts the quantification of a number of properties, including the initial sediment transport capacity of the flow, temporal scales of the aggradation process, water depth and Froude number. The manuscript presents a sensitivity analysis of the results to two extreme definitions for the bed elevation: the first one locates the bed at the upper edge of the bed-load layer, while the second one at the lower edge of the bed-load layer where the particles do not move. The presentation of the two alternatives is focused on the experimental methods they use, consistently with the intent of the special issue. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the definition of the bed elevation also has a major impact on numerical models of the process. The experimental results have been reproduced numerically, demonstrating that the calibration parameters returning a best fit are also impacted significantly by how the bed is defined. The preferred definition for analyzing an experimental campaign is locating the bed below the bed-load layer.
Astrocyte-Derived TNF-α-Activated Platelets Promote Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Regulating the RIP1/RIP3/AKT Signaling Pathway
Authors: Li Wei , Liu Dengping , Xu Jiaqi , Zha Jun , Wang Chen , An Jianzhong , Xie Zhanli , Qiao Shigang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIschemic stroke is a clinical syndrome caused by the disruption of blood flow into cerebral tissues and is associated with high disability and mortality rates. Studies have established the pathological role of platelets in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, although the underlying mechanism of action remains largely unclear. In this study, we created an I/R mouse model via middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) and analyzed the transcriptomic profiles of the ipsilateral and contralateral cortices using RNA-seq. We found that cerebral I/R injury induced platelet invasion and accumulation in the cerebral cortex by stimulating TNF-α secretion from activated astrocytes in the ischemic region, while TNF-α expression enhanced platelet reactivity through the RIP1/RIP3/AKT pathway. Furthermore, the inoculation of TNF-α-stimulated platelets aggravated I/R injury in mice, whereas the administration of anti-TNF-α antibodies at the onset of reperfusion alleviated ischemic damage. The RNA-seq results further showed that AP-1 transcriptionally activated TNF-α in the I/R-injured cortex by directly binding to the promoter region. These findings provide novel insights into the pathological role of platelets activated by reactive astrocyte-derived TNF-α in cerebral I/R injury.
Macroscopic superlubricity of potassium hydroxide solution achieved by incorporating in-situ released graphene from friction pairs
Authors: Liang Hongyu , Chen Xinjie , Bu Yongfeng , Xu Meijuan , Zheng Gang , Gao Kaixiong , Hua Xijun , Fu Yonghong , Zhang Junyan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGraphene (G), as a typical two-dimensional material, is often used as an additive for liquid lubricants. However, graphene is mostly added to liquid lubricants in a one-time manner in friction; it mainly exists in the form of multilayer agglomerated structures due to the π−π stacking between graphene sheets, making it unable to fully exert the synergistic lubrication function. Herein, we propose a new macroscopic superlubric system of graphene/potassium hydroxide (G/KOH) solution; and the graphene additive involved is exfoliated in-situ from graphene/epoxy (G/EP) friction pair by friction, continuously providing freshly-peeled graphene into KOH solution and minimizing the adverse effects of graphene agglomeration. Moreover, the in-situ produced graphene additive has thinner thickness and better anti-aggregation ability, which provide more graphene to accommodate OH−, form more stacked sandwich structures of OH−/graphene/OH− between friction pairs (i.e., equivalent to a moving pulley block with more wheels), and finally realize superlubricity. This study develops a new liquid superlubric system suitable for alkaline environments, and at the same time proposes a new way to gradually release graphene additives in situ, rather than adding them all at once, deepening the understanding to liquid superlubricity mechanism, and paving the experimental foundation for the practical application of macroscopic superlubricity.
Traveling through an Ocean of Wonders: Muḥammad RabīʿsSafīna-yi Sulaymānīand Southeast and East Asian Geography
Authors: Calzolaio Francesco 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTheSafīna-yi Sulaymānī(The Ship of Sulaymān), one of the foremost Persian travelogues from the Safavid period, includes a geographic description of East and Southeast Asia centered on the Indian Ocean. While theSafīnais well-known to scholars, secondary literature on this part of the book is scant and often characterizes it as incoherent and devoid of value. This paper challenges this interpretation through providing a new reading of this text. By casting it in a comparative framework with earlier books of wonders, this paper argues that the geographic section of theSafīnaarticulates an original view of the Indian Ocean resulting from the encounter between the traveler's observations and experiences and the Islamic tradition of wonders, theʿajāʾib. As such, it encapsulates one of the central intellectual developments in early modern knowledge production, i.e., the tension between independent inquiry (taḥqīq) and imitation of earlier authorities (taqlīd).
Biased Interviewer Assessments of Respondent Knowledge Based on Perceptions of Skin Tone
Authors: Enders Adam M. , Thornton Judd R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA rich literature documents the effects of survey interviewer race on respondents’ answers to questions about political issues and factual knowledge. In this paper, we advance the study of interviewer effects in two ways. First, we examine the impact of race on interviewers’ subjective evaluations of respondents’ political knowledge. Second, we substitute measures of respondent/interviewer racial self-identification with interviewer perceptions of respondent skin tone. We find that white interviewers subjectively rate black respondents’ knowledge lower than do black interviewers, even controlling for objective knowledge measures. Moreover, we identify a negative relationship between relative skin tone and interviewer's assessment of knowledge. Subsequent analyses show a linear relationship between subjective knowledge assessments and the difference between respondent and interviewer skin tone. We conclude with a discussion of the impact of colorism on survey administration and the measurement of political attitudes and democratic capabilities.
Three spatially separate records confirm the presence of and provide a range extension for the giant pangolin Smutsia gigantea in Kenya
Authors: Sandri Tommy , Okell Claire , Nixon Stuart , Matthews Naomi , Omengo Fred , Mathenge James , Ndambuki Stephen , Challender Daniel W.S. , Chepkwony Richard , Omondi Patrick , Ngene Shadrack , Cain Bradley 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPangolins are some of the most overexploited but least studied mammals. The giant pangolin Smutsia gigantea is the largest of the eight pangolin species, measuring up to 180 cm in length and weighing up to 40 kg. It is a nocturnal, solitary species that occurs at low densities and little is known regarding its biology and ecology. It is distributed widely across the rainforests and forest savannah mosaics of equatorial Africa but its exact range extent is unknown. Apart from a single record in Kenya predating 1971, the eastern limit of its range was thought only to extend to central Uganda and western Tanzania. Here we present three spatially separate records confirming the presence of this species in Kenyan Afromontane forests. The three records are c. 120 km apart and c. 500 km east of the nearest confirmed giant pangolin population in Uganda. These records represent a significant range extension for the species and highlight the biodiversity and conservation importance of the Afromontane forests of western Kenya.
Reforesting Roman Africa: Woodland Resources, Worship, and Colonial Erasures
Authors: McCarty Matthew M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDespite a range of literary and archaeological evidence for the importance of forests in Roman Africa, these marginal lands and their marginalised populations have been almost entirely ignored or downplayed by modern scholarship, leading to tortured interpretations of a range of material. This article asks two questions, one historical, the other historiographic: what role did the forests of Africa Proconsularis play in the economies and productive imaginaries of the region's inhabitants? And why have the products, labour and labourers of sylvan industries been largely written out of modern accounts? After drawing together evidence and proxies for the centrality of Africa's pine forests to a range of lifeways, cultural practices and economies — including their fundamental (and overlooked) role in providing the pitch that lined the exported amphorae that drove North Africa's economic boom — I argue that French colonial practices around forests led to their erasure from histories of Roman Africa.
On the Relationship Between Student Well-Being and Academic Achievement
Authors: Morinaj Julia , Hascher Tina 
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Student well-being is considered as both an enabling condition for positive learning outcomes and an essential educational outcome itself. Previous studies have investigated the relationship between student well-being and academic achievement cross-sectionally, leaving unclear the direction of causality. Employing 3 waves of data spaced 1 year apart, this longitudinal study used a random intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM) to account for between-person effects and segregate within-person effects between positive and negative dimensions of student well-being and academic achievement. Participants were 404 secondary school students in Switzerland in grades 7–9. The RI-CLPMs suggested that over 1-year time intervals students’ academic achievement may positively influence positive dimensions of student well-being (i.e., positive attitudes toward school, enjoyment in school, positive academic self-concept) within secondary school students. Negative dimensions of student well-being (i.e., worries in school, physical complaints, and social problems) were not associated with academic achievement.
Can Coastal Upwelling Trigger a Climate Mode? A Study on Intraseasonal‐Scale Coastal Upwelling Off Java and the Indian Ocean Dipole
Authors: Horii T. , Siswanto E. , Iskandar I. , Ueki I. , Ando K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCoastal upwelling along the southern coast of Java brings cold and nutrient‐rich subsurface water to the surface. We explored whether the upwelling could trigger the onset of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) by supplying cold water to the southeastern tropical Indian Ocean. We used satellite‐based daily chlorophyll‐a concentration (Chl‐a) data during 2003–2020 as a proxy of the coastal upwelling. We focused on first Chl‐a bloom that occurred in April‐June, the onset phase of the positive IOD (pIOD). We found that the timing and strength of the upwelling signals were significantly correlated with the subsequent IOD peaks. We diagnosed processes associated with the upwelling affecting sea surface temperature (SST) in the southeastern Indian Ocean. Results indicate that after the cold‐water upwelling south of Java, westward surface temperature advection plays a role in anomalously cooling the SST in the southeastern Indian Ocean and setting a favorable condition for the subsequent pIOD development.