bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Molecular Aspects of Glycosylation in MOG Antibody
Disease (MOGAD)
Authors: Lakshmi Narasimhan Ramya , Sharma Gayathri , Gopinath Smrithi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein-antibody disease (MOGAD) is an immune-mediated disorder that mainly targets the central nervous system of the patient. The pattern of inflammation caused by MOGAD mainly targets the brain stem, spinal cord, and optic nerve, and the symptoms vary from person to person. Its clinical features often overlap with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) which makes the accurate diagnosis of this rare neurodegenerative disease quite difficult. Hence, this review was attempted not only to understand MOGAD but also to comprehend the differences between MOGAD and MS with the help of a brief overview of the similarities and contrasting features. Here we highlight the mechanism and importance of MOG in myelination and demyelination. Glycosylation has a serious impact on the myelination of neurons as N-glycan helps in the proper folding of MOG. On transforming into an autoantigen, MOG can activate the classical complement pathway by triggering the activation of proteins associated with the complement cascade. Patients with persistently positive antibodies to MOG are at risk for recurrent episodes of MOGAD. In the current scenario, there is an urgent need to develop therapeutic interventions that induce remyelination. Remyelination in terms of MOG glycosylation is hypothesized as a possible strategy to treat patients diagnosed with MOGAD. On the whole, the article aims to provide a clear insight into the disease and the structural aspects associated with it.
First-in-human Study to Evaluate a Single Injection of KiOmedine®CM-Chitosan for Treating Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Emans P.J. , Skaliczki G. , Haverkamp D. , Bentin J. , Chausson M. , Schifflers M. , Hermitte L. , Douette P. 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Single-injection viscosupplementation is currently performed with cross-linked hyaluronan (e.g., Durolane®) for treating symptomatic knee osteoarthritis.

Objective:
This first-in-human study evaluated the safety and performance of single-injection treatment with non-crosslinked KiOmedine®CM-Chitosan.

Methods:
Patients with painful knee osteoarthritis were randomly assigned to the KiOmedine®CM-Chitosan (n=63) or Durolane® (n=32) group. Patients were blinded to treatment and followed up for 26 weeks. Durolane® was used as scientific control to ensure the validity of the study and reliability of results. No direct comparison was performed between the two groups. The primary objective was defined as an intra-group effect size of 0.8 at 13 weeks post-injection compared to baseline on WOMAC-A (pain). Secondary outcomes included self-reported knee stiffness and knee function, responder rate, quality-of-life questionnaires, and safety.

Results:
The primary objective for both the KiOmedine®CM-Chitosan and the Durolane® groups was met: mean pain reduction of 62.5% (effect size 2.08) for the KiOmedine®CM-Chitosan group and 62.4% (effect size 2.28) for the Durolane® group. Secondary performance outcomes showed all clinically relevant treatment effects over 26 weeks for both groups (p<0.05). Treatment-related adverse events were more often reported in the KiOmedine®CM-Chitosan than Durolane® group and were limited to local reactions. No serious treatment-related adverse events were reported.

Conclusion:
A single intra-articular injection of non-crosslinked KiOmedine®CM-Chitosan is safe and effective for treating symptomatic knee osteoarthritis with a high responder rate. Pain reduction is maintained for 6 months with a high responder rate.
The clinical trial registration number: NCT03679208.
Isolation, Characterization of Banana Starch and its Evaluation as a
Disintegrating Agent in Dispersible Lornoxicam Tablet
Authors: Puri Abhijeet V. , Gokhale Vrushali N. 
Published: August 2022

Objective:
The present study was designed to isolate, characterize, formulate, and evaluate the disintegration properties of banana starch in dispersible Lornoxicam tablet formulation.

Methods:
The alkaline extraction method used sodium hydroxide as a lye solution to isolate starch from unripe banana fruit. Starch was subjected to characterization for physicochemical properties, viscosity and flow properties, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray crystallography (XRD) study. Flow properties of starch were determined as per the standard procedure. Tablets were formulated by a wet granulation method using starch as a disintegrant, and the in-vitro release characteristic of the prepared tablets was analyzed. Different concentrations of isolated starch were studied for disintegrating properties compared to corn starch.

Results:
Studies indicate that starch obtained is qualitatively and quantitatively comparable to corn starch. SEM, FTIR, DSC and XRD data confirmed the polysaccharide nature of the starch. The physicochemical properties of starch passed the prescribed evaluation tests for tablets. These tablets also confirmed the disintegration and dissolution specifications as per Indian Pharmacopoeia.

Conclusion:
From the above study, it can be concluded that starch obtained from banana shows qualitatively and quantitatively good disintegration characteristics compared to corn starch. These tablets also confirmed a significant degree of dissolution as per the standards. Evaluations also specified that banana starch possesses acceptable disintegrating characteristics compared to corn starch and can be used as a disintegrant in tablet formulation.
Investigating a Work System Approach to Implement an Emergency Department Surge Management System: Case Study
Authors: Jewer Jennifer 
Published: August 2022

Background
Emergency department (ED) crowding is a global health care issue. eHealth systems have the potential to reduce crowding; however, the true benefits are seldom realized because the systems are not integrated into clinicians’ work. We sought a deep understanding of how an eHealth system implementation can be structured to truly integrate the system into the workflow.

Objective
The specific objectives of this study were to examine whether work system theory (WST) is a good approach to structure the implementation of an eHealth system by incorporating the entire work system, and not just the eHealth system, in the implementation framework; identify the role that specific elements of WST’s static framework and dynamic work system life cycle model play in the implementation; and demonstrate how WST can be applied in the health care setting to guide the implementation of an eHealth system.

Methods
Through a case study of an ED in a rural hospital, we used a mixed methods approach to examine the implementation of a surge management system through the lens of WST. We conducted 14 hours of observation in the ED; 20 interviews with clinicians, management, and members of the implementation team; and a survey of 23 clinicians; reviewed related documentation; and analyzed ED data to measure wait times. We used template analysis based on WST to structure our analysis of qualitative data and descriptive statistics for quantitative data.

Results
The surge management system helped to reduce crowding in the ED, staff was satisfied with the implementation, and wait time improvements have been maintained for several years. Although study participants indicated changes to their workflow, 72% (13/18) of survey participants were satisfied with their use of the system, and 82% (14/17) indicated that it was integrated with their workflow. Examining the implementation through the lens of WST enabled us to identify the aspects of the implementation that made it so successful. By applying the WST static framework, we saw how the implementation team incorporated the elements of the ED work system, assessed their alignment, and designed interventions to address areas of misalignment. The dynamic work system life cycle model captured how planned and unplanned changes were managed throughout the iterative implementation cycle—83% (15/18) of participants indicated that there was sufficient management support for the changes and 80% (16/20) indicated the change served an important purpose.

Conclusions
The broad scope and holistic approach of WST is well suited to guide eHealth system implementations as it focuses efforts on the entire work system and not just the IT artifact. We broaden the focus of WST by applying it to the implementation of an ED surge management system. These findings will guide further studies and implementations of eHealth systems using WST.
Memperkuat Ketahanan Masyarakat Berbasis Social Capital Pada Era Otonomi Desa (Studi Di Desa Pandansari, Kecamatan Ngantang, Kabupaten Malang)
Authors: Rozikin Mochammad 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTThe 1997 reforms brought changes in regional governance from a centralized model to decentralization. The village autonomy Law number 6 year 2014 was showed a new era where the existence of villages was appreciated as the smallest unit of government system in Indonesia, with all its diversity as local wisdom to strengthened community resilience nationally starting from the village. This study used descriptive qualitative method, with the analysis step according to Bogdan and Biklen (1982), carried out 2 (two), namely the first stage of data analysis during the field and second analysis of data after collected. The research location of Pandansari village, Ngantang District, Malang Regency, was affected by the Mount Kelud eruption which affected the resilience of rural communities. Data was taken by interview techniques, observations and supporting documents. The results of the study showed that after the impact of the Mount Kelud disaster the resilience of the community was quite disturbed, but it could return to normal with the efforts to developed resilience of rural communities by integrating social capital that existed in the community. Thus, Social capital that developed in the community contributed to developed community resilience after natural disasters.ABSTRAKReformasi tahun 1997 membawa perubahan tatakelola pemerintahan daerah dari model sentralisasi kepada desentralisasi. Kemudian dalam otonomi desa terbit Undang-Undang nomor 6 tahun 2014. Hal ini menunjukkan era baru dimana keberadaan desa diapresiasi sebagai unit terkecil system pemerintahan di Indonesia, dengan segala keragamannya sebagai kearifan lokal, untuk memperkuat ketahanan masyarakat secara nasional yang dimulai dari desa.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode diskriptif kualitatif , dengan langkah analisis menurut Bogdan dan Biklen (1982), dilakukan 2 (dua) yaitu tahap pertama analisis data selama di lapangan dan kedua analisis data setelah terkumpul. Lokasi penelitian Desa Pandansari, Kecamatan Ngantang, Kabupaten Malang, yang terkena dampak bencana letusan Gunung Kelud yang berpengaruh terhadap ketahanan masyarakat desa. Data diambil dengan teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumen pendukung.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pasca dampak bencana Gunung Kelud ketahanan masyarakat cukup terganggu, tetapi dapat kembali normal dengan adanya upaya pengembangan ketahanan masyarakat desa dengan mengintegrasikan modal sosial (social capital) yang ada pada masyarakat. Modal sosial yang berkembang pada masyarakat memberikan kontribusi dalam mengembangkan ketahanan masyarakat pasca bencana alam.
High HbA1c levels are associated with development of trigger finger in type 1 and type 2 diabetes – an observational register-based study from Sweden
Authors: Rydberg Mattias , Zimmerman Malin , Gottsäter Anders , Eeg-Olofsson Katarina , Dahlin Lars B. 
Published: August 2022

<p> </p>
<p><em>Objective</em></p>
<p>Trigger finger (TF) is a hand disorder causing the fingers to painfully lock in flexion. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a known risk factor, however, whether strict glycemic control effectively lowers the risk of TF is unknown. Our aim was to examine if a high HbA1c was associated with increased risk of TF among individuals with DM.</p>
<p> <em>Research Design and Methods</em></p>
<p>The Swedish National Diabetes Register (NDR) was crosslinked with the healthcare register of the Region of Skåne in southern Sweden. In total, 9,682 individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and 85,755 individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) aged ≥ 18 years were included from 2004 to 2019. Associations between HbA1c and TF were calculated using sex-stratified, multivariate logistic regression models with 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusted for age, duration of DM, body mass index, and systolic blood pressure.</p>
<p><em>Results</em></p>
<p>In total, 486 women and 271 men with T1D and 1,143 women and 1,009 men with T2D were diagnosed with TF. Increased levels of HbA1c were associated with TF among individuals with T1D (women OR 1.26; 95% CI: 1.1 – 1.4, p = 0.001, men OR 1.4; 95% CI: 1.2 – 1.7 p < 0.001) and T2D (women OR 1.14; 95% CI: 1.2 – 1.2, p < 0.001, men OR 1.12; 95% CI: 1.0 – 1.2, p = 0.003).</p>
<p><em>Conclusions</em></p>
<p>Hyperglycemia increases the risk of developing trigger finger among individuals with T1D and T2D. Optimal treatment of DM seems to be of importance in order to prevent diabetic hand complications such as TF. </p>
Empowering analysts to undertake ethically and legally appropriate public good research.
Authors: O'Flynn Lily 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesThis session will set out the ethical and legal obligations on researchers when collecting, accessing and sharing data, explain why these are important and introduce researchers to frameworks designed to support them in meeting these obligations in an efficient manner.
ApproachResearch governance requirements are sometimes viewed by analysts as introducing friction into the data access process. This session will take the high level ethical and legal principles set out in the Research Code of Practice and Accreditation Criteria that researchers are often required to adhere to and translate them into relatable frameworks that can be easily applied to statistical research projects. It will overview the open-source support available across the research community for analysts needing to overcome identified ethical and legal barriers to enable efficient access to data for public good research that maintains public trust.
ResultsIssues with the timelines involved with access to data are widely cited. Over the last year, the frameworks and associated user support overviewed in this session have enabled over 250 research projects to efficiently move forward in an ethically and legally appropriate way, with users across government, academia and the private sector and representation across all disciplines. We have found that helping researchers understand why such research governance requirements are in place and providing recognised and user-focused solutions for meeting such requirements speeds up the data access process. Researchers that attend this session will understand how the Research Code of Practice and Accreditation Criteria is applied to research, how to demonstrate compliance with these requirements, and support available for achieving this.
ConclusionThis session aims to equip analysts with tools and support that enable them to ensure that their research is ethically and legally appropriate by design, and therefore empower the research community minimise ethical and legal barriers which may prevent or prolong access to data for public good research.
Cross-jurisdictional data access processes and coordination in two countries: key learnings and innovative approaches.
Authors: Ethier Marie-Chantal , Wu Juliana , Marshall Carina , Flack Felicity 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesAccess to cross-jurisdictional data can be beneficial to researchers but challenges exist in accessing data from different legal jurisdictions and policy environments. Two national networks in Australia and Canada will share their respective approaches to supporting the discovery of, and coordinating applications and approvals for, cross-jurisdictional data access.
ApproachCollaboration between these two networks in the last year have allowed members to gain a better understanding of the approaches that have been put in place to support the coordination of cross-jurisdictional data applications. Through regular inter-network discussion and joint workshops, we have gained insight into the similarities, differences and challenges faced by each and identified common goals for continued shared learnings.
ResultsSimilarities and differences exist between the approach and processes each network has implemented to coordinate applications for cross-jurisdictional data. In both countries, a single point of contact model has been key in coordinating data requests centrally. Whereas in one country, virtual access to linked data is provided centrally, different legal and policy environments across jurisdictions in another country are barriers to accessing data in one location. Each network has developed processes and tools to meet researcher needs while respecting local requirements and are turning to innovative strategies. For example, one network is developing infrastructure to support analysis of data in a distributed way, and both groups are creating centralized tools to streamline the data discovery and access processes to improve researcher experience.
ConclusionThe coordination of applications for cross-jurisdictional data access by two national networks has streamlined researcher access, but challenges exist to fully meet researcher needs for cross-jurisdictional analyses. The continued cross-network collaboration will allow for shared learning opportunities and development of innovative solutions to tackle challenges related to cross-jurisdictional data access.
Palliative care, unpaid care and deprivation in Scotland: a study using census and vital registration data.
Authors: Atherton Iain , Jamieson Michelle , Savinc Jan 
Published: August 2022

ApproachThe analysis was based on a linkage of the Scottish 2011 census and death registration records where deaths had occurred within 12 months of the decennial census. Areal deprivation used the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation, a widely used indicator that uses administrative data to rank areas by degree of deprivation. Palliative care needs were assessed using a validated approach that utilizes ICD10 codes from death registrations. Availability of unpaid care was assessed using place of residence at point of census and indication of other people resident in the same household.
ResultsThere were 52,553 death records of which 46,473 were for people aged 18 years or older at census and had matched census records. Deaths with palliative care needs were highest in the least deprived areas, though proportions were high regardless of deprivation ranging from 81.2% of deaths in the least deprived to quintile to 76.0% in the most deprived. Given the higher number of deaths in the most deprived areas, numbers of deaths were spread evenly across quintiles. In contrast, people approaching the end of life at point of census were more likely to live alone if resident in the most deprived quintile at point of census (40.8% vs 26.5%).
ConclusionPalliative care needs are high regardless of levels of deprivation. However, it may be that those residing in more deprived areas not only have fewer financial resources to cope but also have lower recourse to support within the household.
Using linkage to assess coverage of population estimates.
Authors: Collyer Sarah , Plachta Josie 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesThe Demographic Index (DI) comprises of five linked administrative datasets, used for population estimation. Current linkage methods are not ideal to utilise the power of this asset. Using the 2021 England and Wales Census, we are developing an innovative composite linkage method to fully utilise the power of the DI.
ApproachUsing non-greedy deterministic and probabilistic linkage methods, we will link the DI to the Census at a composite level where we believe links exist – i.e., linking a Census cluster (consisting of linked Census and Census Coverage Survey (CCS) records) with a DI cluster (consisting of linked records from the data sources used to make the DI). We will then conduct a pairwise linkage of records from these linked clusters to link individual source records to the Census. We will utilise clerical review to resolve uncertain and conflicting links and to inform the quality of our linkage.
ResultsWe anticipate producing a high-quality linkage that will inform how the coverage of the DI compares to Census (through the composite-level linkage) and the quality of the DI itself (through the pairwise-level linkage). We have developed a clerical matching system that can display composite-level linkage, i.e., candidate cluster-pairs. We will tailor our clerical review and quality assessment to records that fall within carefully chosen postcode areas, to ensure all hard-to-count groups and geographical areas are sampled. Working with large datasets is a challenge we are overcoming by using distributed computing and search space reduction.
The 2021 Census has been previously linked to the CCS with high accuracy; these records are considered intrinsically linked.
ConclusionTo assess national population estimates’ quality and the policy decisions based upon them, we are linking a key composite population-level dataset to the 2021 England and Wales Census. The presentation will showcase the methods we are developing and how we are ensuring the highest quality possible.
Exploring Goldstein et al.’s Scalelink method of data linkage.
Authors: Cleaton Mary Ann Megan , Plachta Josie , Shipsey Rachel 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesScalelink is an innovative probabilistic data linkage method based on correspondence analysis. Unlike the popular and widely-used Fellegi-Sunter algorithm, it does not assume linkage variable independence. It also claims to be more intuitive and computationally efficient. We aim to test this method for the first time on real-world big data.
ApproachScalelink uses agreement states for each linkage variable and candidate pair. These are compared to determine how frequently, for all candidate pairs, any given agreement state is held at the same time as any other agreement state (this accounts for variable dependence). The results of this comparison are inputted into a loss function and the minimisation of this function is derived within constraints to produce weights. Currently, the method is accessible via Goldstein et al.’s paper and R package. We are translating it into PySpark to enable testing on datasets that are too large to link without using distributed computing.
ResultsInitial testing of Goldstein et al.’s Scalelink method on small samples of real-world datasets shows that it performs as expected for a probabilistic linkage method, although cannot currently deal with missingness. To test the quality of the method on real-world big data, a high-quality linked dataset of the 2021 England and Wales Census and follow-up Census Coverage Survey will be used as a Gold Standard (GS). After developing a method that enables Scalelink to deal with missingness, we will apply Scalelink and automatic Fellegi-Sunter probabilistic linkage to this GS. We can thus establish and compare the precision and recall of both methods. We will also investigate linkage bias for particular demographics, test computational efficiency and estimate the clerical review burden for each method.
ConclusionGoldstein et al.’s Scalelink algorithm shows promise as a high quality, scalable, dependence-free linkage algorithm for use in any matching project. Here, for the first time, we research the method’s quality and feasibility with real-world big data. From this we will produce recommendations regarding its utility.