bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct Emission of Focused Terahertz Vortex Beams Using Indium‐Tin‐Oxide‐Based Fresnel Zone Plates
Authors: Feng Xi , Chen Xieyu , Lu Yongchang , Wang Qingwei , Niu Li , Xu Quan , Zhang Xueqian , Han Jiaguang , Zhang Weili 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTerahertz (THz) vortex beams with helical wavefronts promise many important applications ranging from high‐speed wireless communications to super‐resolution imaging. Conventional methods to generate THz beams mostly rely on manipulating and converting the incident THz beams. Herein is proposed and experimentally demonstrated how the patterned indium tin oxide (ITO) film, i.e., ITO Fresnel zone plate (ITO‐FZP), enables direct emission of focused THz vortex beams with desired orbital angular momentums. Such THz vortex‐beam emitters are based on the straightforward nonlinear THz emission through the patterned ITO film under femtosecond laser excitation. The proposed approach greatly integrates THz emission and vortex‐beam generation processes, which is low cost, robust, and easy to fabricate.
Amorphous and Porous Tungsten Oxide Films for Fast‐Switching Dual‐Band Electrochromic Smart Windows
Authors: Zhang Shengliang , Peng Yutao , Zhao Jing , Fan Zengjie , Ding Bing , Lee Jim Yang , Zhang Xiaogang , Xuan Yimin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDual‐band electrochromic smart windows with dynamic and independent control of near‐infrared (NIR) and visible (VIS) light transmittance can notably reduce the carbon footprint of buildings and improve the occupants’ visual and thermal comfort. The dual‐band response is often generated by the phase transition of crystalline electrochromic materials. However, the phase‐transition of crystalline materials is kinetically sluggish, resulting in a long response time. Herein, a fast‐switching dual‐band electrochromic smart window based on a single‐component amorphous and porous tungsten oxide (AP‐WO3) cathode without the slow phase‐transition process is demonstrated. The amorphous and porous structure of WO3 not only significantly improves the ion transport, but also provides a large surface area for Li+ adsorption that gives rise to a tunable surface plasmon resonance (SPR) in the NIR range. Consequently, the single‐component AP‐WO3 film can modulate the NIR and VIS light transmittance independently and effectively through three distinct modes with high optical modulation, fast switching speed, high bistability, and good cycling stability. The prototype dual‐band electrochromic device assembled by AP‐WO3 cathode also delivers an impressive dual‐band electrochromic performance with fast‐switching speed (6.4 s for coloration and 7.2 s for bleaching).
Highly efficient and fast adsorption of Au(III) and Pd(II) by crosslinked polyethyleneimine‐glutaraldehyde
Authors: Zhang Zhiyan , Xu Weifeng , Zhang Kang , Tang Kewen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAn adsorbent (PEI‐GA) is prepared by crosslinking polyethyleneimine with glutaraldehyde. PEI‐GA shows outstanding adsorption performance towards Au(III) and Pd(II). PEI‐GA presents large adsorption capacity towards Au(III) in a wide application pH range from 1 to 9. The adsorption capacities of PEI‐GA for Au(III) and Pd(II) at 25°C reach 2575 and 497 mg/g, respectively. Au(III) and Pd(II) can be adsorbed completely within 10 min for 8.3 mg/L Au(III) and 20 min for 9.7 mg/L Pd(II). The adsorption equilibrium time required for 523.9 mg/L Au(III) and for 565.6 mg/L Pd(II) is 2 and 9 h, respectively. The Sips model is the most suitable to describe the adsorption isotherms which leads to more realistic adsorption capacities for both metals. PEI‐GA also exhibits high selectivity and repeatability towards Au(III) and Pd(II). The adsorption mechanism involves redox, chelation coordination, and electrostatic interactions for Au(III), and coordination and electrostatic interactions for Pd(II).
Obstetrical and neonatal outcomes of cardio‐facio‐cutaneous syndrome: Prenatal consequences of Ras/MAPK dysregulation
Authors: Jelin Angie C. , Mahle Amanda , Tran Susan H. , Sparks Teresa N. , Rauen Katherine A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe systematically delineated the prenatal phenotype, and obstetrical and neonatal outcomes of the RASopathy cardio‐facio‐cutaneous (CFC) syndrome. A comprehensive, retrospective medical history survey was distributed to parents of children with confirmed CFC in collaboration with CFC International, Inc. Data were collected on CFC gene variant, maternal characteristics, pregnancy course, delivery, and neonatal outcomes with the support of medical records. We identified 43 individuals with pathogenic variants in BRAF (81%), MEK1 (14%), or MEK2 (5%) genes. The median age was 8.5 years. Hyperemesis gravidarum, gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, and preeclampsia occurred in 5/43 (12%), 4/43 (9%), 3/43 (7%), and 3/43 (7%) of pregnancies, respectively. Second and third trimester ultrasound abnormalities included polyhydramnios, macrocephaly, macrosomia, and renal and cardiac abnormalities. Delivery occurred via spontaneous vaginal, operative vaginal, or cesarean delivery in 15/42 (36%), 7/42 (16%), and 20/42 (48%), respectively. Median gestational age at delivery was 37 weeks and median birth weight was 3501 grams. Germline pathogenic vaiants had mutiple congenital consequences including polyhydramnios, renal and cardiac abnormalities, macrosomia, and macrocephaly on second and third trimester ultrasound. Elevated rates of operative delivery and neonatal complications were also noted. Understanding and defining a prenatal phenotype may improve prenatal prognostic counseling and outcomes.
Enzymatische C4‐Epimerisierung von UDP‐Glucuronsäure: präzise gesteuerte Rotation eines transienten 4‐Ketointermediats für eine invertierende Reaktion ohne Decarboxylierung
Authors: Borg Annika J. E. , Esquivias Oriol , Coines Joan , Rovira Carme , Nidetzky Bernd 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUDP‐Glucuronsäure(UDP‐GlcA)‐4‐Epimerase repräsentiert eine wichtige Fragestellung in der Enzymkatalyse: die Balance zwischen konformativer Flexibilität und genauer Positionierung. Das Enzym koordiniert die C4‐Oxidation des Substrats durch NAD+ mit der Rotation eines leicht decarboxylierbaren β‐Ketosäure‐Intermediats im aktiven Zentrum zur Ermöglichung der stereoinvertierenden Reduktion der Ketogruppe durch NADH. Wir zeigen hier die nur schwer erfassbare Rotationskoordinate des 4‐Ketointermediats. Distorsion des Zuckerrings in eine Boot‐Konformation erzeugt torsionale Mobilität in der Bindungstasche des Enzyms. Die Endpunkte der Rotation zeigen den 4‐Ketozucker in einer unverformten 4C1‐Sesselkonformation. Die äquatorial positionierte Carboxylatgruppe ist ungünstig für die 4‐Ketozucker‐Decarboxylierung. Varianten der Epimerase zeigen Decarboxylierung, wenn sie die Bindung mit der Carboxylatgruppe im entgegengesetzten Rotationsisomer des Substrats entfernen. R185A/D‐Substitutionen wandeln die Epimerase in UDP‐Xylose‐Synthasen um, welche UDP‐GlcA in stereospezifischen, konfigurationserhaltenden Reaktionen decarboxylieren.
Evolution of electrical conductivity in semi‐interpenetrating polymer network of shape memory polyvinyl chloride and polyaniline
Authors: Wu Xuelian , Zou Jiaxing , Yang Jian , Jiang Jiang , Feng Qin , Ye Zihao , Huang Weimin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractElectrically conductive semi‐interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) from shape memory polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyaniline (PANI) is realized. The mechanical properties and shape memory performance of semi‐IPN are slightly different from the original PVC. The distribution of PANI within PVC is found to be non‐uniform in the thickness direction. The electrical conductivity of the as‐fabricated sample at room temperature is around 4.5 × 10−2 S/cm. However, after heating, thermal strain results in significant drop in electrical conductivity. Programming remarkably reduces the electrical conductivity as well. A higher programming temperature and higher programming strain result in more reduction. Subsequent heating for shape recovery causes further reduction in electrical conductivity, despite nearly full shape recovery is achieved. Doping (dedoping and redoping) is confirmed not the major player, but microgaps/fracture in PANI chains during stretching in programming and heating for shape recovery.
Antimicrobial dual‐cured photopolymers of vanillin alcohol diglycidyl ether and glycerol dimethacrylate
Authors: Motiekaityte Greta , Navaruckiene Aukse , Raudoniene Vita , Bridziuviene Danguole , Jaras Justinas , Kantminiene Kristina , Ostrauskaite Jolita 
Published: October 2022

AbstractConsidering the current efforts for to develop new antimicrobial polymers from renewable resources suitable for application in environmentally friendly light‐based technologies, novel dual‐cured photopolymers of vanillin alcohol diglycidyl ether and glycerol dimethacrylate are developed. The kinetics of the sequential and simultaneous dual‐curing processes, combining free radical and cationic photopolymerizations, is investigated by real‐time photorheometry. Comparison of dual‐curing systems with different ratios of biobased epoxy and acrylate monomers revealed that the increase in the acrylate content increases the photocuring rate and improves the mechanical performance (Young's modulus increases from 76.64 to 190.71 MPa) and thermal stability (the 10% weight loss increases from 227 to 274°C) of the polymers, while the increase in the vanillin epoxy content results in better antimicrobial activity. Developed photopolymers create unfavorable conditions for the growth of microorganisms and reduce their population by up to 0% in 24 h. The excellent antibacterial and antifungal activity of new photopolymers allows them to be considered as biobased alternatives to petroleum‐based antimicrobial coatings, films, or optical 3D printed objects.
Das neue Wildparkstadion Karlsruhe
Authors: Nixdorf Stefan , Kämereit Christopher 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFür den Karlsruher SC ist eine neue, hochmoderne Sportstätte mit Platz für rd. 34.000 Zuschauer:innen entstanden. Die Architekten von agn und das Bauunternehmen ZECH Sports geben Einblicke in den Entstehungsprozess des neuen Wildparkstadions. Seine unverwechselbare Gestalt entsteht durch grundlegende Bauelemente wie die Y‐Dachstützen und erzeugt ein architektonisches Markenzeichen in der Bundesliga für den neuen KSC‐Fußballtempel. Die Realisierung bei laufendem Spielbetrieb stellte die Projektbeteiligten vor spannende Herausforderungen mit zahlreichen Zwischenbauzuständen während dem etappenweisen Umbau des Stadions. Durch den Vollumbau während der 2. Fußball‐Bundesliga wurden von Beginn an spezifische Anforderungen an den Bauablauf und damit einhergehend die Wahl der Bauverfahren gestellt. Eine zentrale Voraussetzung war die Einhaltung einer Mindestkapazität von 15.000 Plätzen für Fußballbegeisterte zu jedem Zeitpunkt der Baumaßnahme.
Rapid metal speciation of cell culture media using reversed‐phase separations and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry
Authors: Wysor Sarah K. , Hall Katja A. , Marcus R. Kenneth 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCell culture media metal content is critical in mammalian cell growth and monoclonal antibody productivity. The variability in metal concentrations has multiple sources of origin. As such, there is a need to analyze media before, during, and after production. Furthermore, it is not the simple presence of a given metal that can impact processes, but also their chemical form that is, speciation. To a first approximation, it is instructive to simply and quickly ascertain if the metals exist as inorganic (free metal) ions or are part of an organometallic complex (ligated). Here we present a simple workflow involving the capture of ligated metals on a fiber stationary phase with passage of the free ions to an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry for quantification; the captured species are subsequently eluted for quantification. This first level of speciation (free vs. ligated) can be informative towards sources of contaminant metal species and means to assess bioreactor processes.
Polyoxometalate‐based Inorganic‐Organic Hybrids as Heterogeneous Catalysts for Asymmetric and Tandem Reactions
Authors: Najafi Mahnaz 
Published: October 2022

AbstractChiral and bi/multifunctional catalysts have contributed to the sustainability of organic transformations. Polyoxometalates (POMs) with diverse structures, good redox properties and oxidation abilities offer excellent opportunities in the area of asymmetric and one‐pot tandem reactions. However, the potential applications of POM catalysts are limited due to their solubility in many solvents. One approach to cope with this problem is to combine them with organic units and generate POM‐based inorganic‐organic hybrid materials with unique structural characteristics. This review presents the targeted design of POM‐based hybrids as heterogeneous catalysts for asymmetric and one‐pot tandem reactions. Chirality induction from chiral POMs and/or organic linkers to the whole hybrid material as well as the possibility of self‐assembly of building units via non‐covalent interactions are described. It also discusses the catalytic sites ranging from POM salts to 3D POM‐based frameworks with the focus on organic transformations such as oxidation, esterification and C−C bond formation.
Nonsymmetric [Pt(C^N*N′^C′)] Complexes: Aggregation‐Induced Emission in the Solid State and in Nanoparticles Tuned by Ligand Structure
Authors: Solomatina Anastasia I. , Galenko Ekaterina E. , Kozina Daria O. , Kalinichev Alexey A. , Baigildin Vadim A. , Prudovskaya Natalia A. , Shakirova Julia R. , Khlebnikov Alexander F. , Porsev Vitaly V. , Evarestov Robert A. , Tunik Sergey P. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFive square‐planar [Pt(C^N*N′^C′)] complexes (Pt1–Pt5) with novel nonsymmetric tetradentate ligands (L1–L5) were synthesized and characterized. Varying the structure of the metalating aromatic systems result in substantial changes in photophysical properties and intermolecular interaction mode of the complexes in solution and in solid state. The complexes are strongly emissive in tetrahydrofuran solution, with the band maxima ranging from 560 to 690 nm. Three of these complexes (Pt1, Pt2, Pt4) afford nanospecies upon injection of their solution into water, which show aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) with a strong red shift of emission bands. In the solid state, crystalline samples of these complexes demonstrate mechanochromism upon grinding with a bathochromic shift of the emission. DFT and TD‐DFT computational analysis of monomeric Pt1–Pt5 in solution and model dimeric emitters formed through intermolecular interaction of Pt1, Pt2, Pt4 molecules allowed assignment of observed AIE to the 3MMLCT excited states of Pt‐Pt bonded aggregates of these complexes.
Water usage reduction and CSR committees: Taiwan evidence
Authors: Chen Yu‐Lin , Huang Mei‐Chu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAlthough board‐level corporate social responsibility (CSR) committees have been discussed extensively, we know relatively little about how CSR committees affect companies' water conservation and the contingencies that influence this relationship, specifically in emerging markets. In Taiwan, industrial water conservation is an imperative climate change adaptation given the elevating incidence of floods and droughts brought on by climate change. This study extensively hand‐collects data on water usage, the existence of CSR committees from CSR reports, and the annual reports of companies listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange and Taipei Exchange companies during 2017–2020. Our findings support the stakeholder theory that the existence of CSR committees likely set water use reduction targets and facilitated water usage reduction. Moreover, this relationship is stronger in water consumption industries. In summary, the memberships in water consumption industries and CSR committees are complements rather than substitutes.
A matching game framework for users clustering and resource allocation with wireless power transfer in a CR‐NOMA network
Authors: Das Deepa , Khadanga Rajendra Kumar , Rout Deepak Kumar 
Published: October 2022

SummaryThis paper investigates the resource allocation in a massively deployed user cognitive radio enabled non‐orthogonal multiple access (CR‐NOMA) network considering the downlink scenario. The system performance deteriorates with the number of users who are experiencing similar channel characteristics from the base station (BS) in NOMA. To address this challenge, we propose a framework for maximizing the system throughput that is based on one‐to‐one matching game theory integrated with the machine learning technique. The proposed approach is decomposed to solve users clustering and power allocation subproblems. The selection of optimal cluster heads (CHs) and their associated cluster members is based on Gale‐Shapley matching game theoretical model with the application of Hungarian method. The CHs can harvest energy from the BS and transfer their surplus power to the primary user (PU) through wireless power transfer. In return, they are allowed to access the licensed band for secondary transmission. The power allocation to the users intended for power conservation at CHs is formulated as a probabilistic constraint, which is then solved by employing the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. The simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed schemes that enable the CHs to transfer the residual power while ensuring maximum system throughput. The effects of different parameters on the performance are also studied.
Acute monoblastic myeloid leukemic pleural effusion: Pitfalls and clues
Authors: AbdullGaffar Badr , Farhan Rabiah , Dutta Pankhi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemic pleural effusions are uncommon with heterogenous cytomorphology and variable immunoprofiles. This imposes a difficult cytologic diagnosis. In particular, acute myeloid leukemia of monocyte lineage mimicking benign and malignant lymphoid and non‐lymphoid lesions is challenging. Few cases of acute myeloid monocyte‐lineage leukemia have been reported. Our aim is to report a case of a 54‐year‐old female patient who presented with pancytopenia and bilateral pleural effusions. We highlight the characteristic cytomorphologic features, diagnostic pitfalls and helpful hints of acute monoblastic leukemia. Initially, the cells were misinterpreted as chronic inflammatory histiocytic infiltrates with reactive mesothelial cells. The presence of frequent mitotic figures, apoptotic bodies and a two‐cell population raised the possibility of neoplastic cells. The cellular infiltrate simulated lymphoma, carcinoma and melanoma tumor cells. Cellblock immunocytochemistry however showed negative B‐cell, T‐cell, myeloid, Langerhans cell, plasma cell and dendritic cell lineage markers. They were positive for LCA, CD68, CD4 and CD117 with a high Ki67 index. The cytologically suggested impression of acute myeloid leukemia of monocyte origin favoring monoblastic variant was confirmed by flow cytometry and bone marrow trephine biopsy. Cytomorphologic clues included agranular amphophilic cytoplasm, occasional grooved indented nuclei, tingible body macrophages, associated plasma cells and absent granulocytes. The cytologic and cellblock findings matched the bone marrow trephine biopsy features. Cytopathologists should be aware of this unusual and challenging cytologic diagnosis in patients with pancytopenia and utilize at least two monocyte markers when formulating their differential diagnosis. Certain cytomorphologic features are helpful hints for their correct recognition.
Terminal field volume of the glossopharyngeal nerve in adult rats reverts to prepruning size following microglia depletion with PLX5622
Authors: Riquier Andrew J. , Sollars Suzanne I. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractProgrammed reduction of synapses is a hallmark of the developing brain, with sensory systems emerging as useful models with which to study this pruning. The central projections (terminal field) of the gustatory glossopharyngeal nerve (GL) of the rat are a prime example of developmental pruning, undergoing an approximate 66% reduction in volume from postnatal day 15 (P15) to P25. Later in adulthood, developmental GL pruning can be experimentally reversed, expanding to preweaning volumes, suggesting mature volumes may be actively maintained throughout the life span. Microglia are central nervous system glia cells that perform pruning and maintenance functions in other sensory systems, including other gustatory nerves. To determine their role in GL pruning, we depleted microglia from Sprague–Dawley rat brains from P1 to P40 using daily intraperitoneal injections of the colony‐stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor PLX5622. This prevented GL developmental pruning, resulting in preweaning terminal field volumes and innervation patterns persisting through P40, 2 weeks after pruning is normally completed. These findings show microglia are necessary for developmental GL pruning. Ceasing PLX5622 treatments at P40 allowed microglia repopulation, and within 4 weeks the GL terminal field had reduced to control volumes, indicating that pruning can occur outside of the typical developmental period. Conversely, when microglia were depleted in adult rats, GL terminal fields expanded, reverting to sizes comparable to the neonatal rat. These data indicate that microglia are required for GL pruning and may continue to maintain the GL terminal field at a reduced size into adulthood.
Microglia in motor neuron disease: Signaling evidence from last 10 years
Authors: Wang Min‐Jia , Kang Lu , Wang Yao‐Zheng , Yang Bi‐Ru , Zhang Chun , Lu Yu‐Feng , Kang Liang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMotor neuron disease (MND), including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, spinal muscular atrophy and others, involved the upper or lower motor neurons selective loss, is characterized by neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation, in conjunction with microglia. We summarized that pathways and key mediators are associated with microglia, such as fractalkine signaling, purinergic signaling, NF‐κB signaling, p38 MAPK signaling, TREM2‐APOE signaling, ROCK signaling, C1q signaling, and Ion channel, which are involved in the activation, proliferation, and inflammation of microglia. This review aims to identify the microglia‐related molecular target and explore potential treatment strategies for MND based on that target.