bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COMPARISON OF TOXICITIES OF SAMPLES OF CRUDE OIL FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES IN NIGERIA
Authors: Okafor G.C. , Obiora-Ilouno H. O. , Ofomata C. M. , Orji C. E. , Erhirhie O. E. , Ihekwereme C.P. 
Published: June 2022

The use of crude oil in the treatment of diseases is gaining popularity in several parts of Nigeria. The impact of handling and storage on the toxicity profile of the Nigeria Crude oil has not been determined. A few hepatic and renal parameters were used in this study to assess the toxicity of crude oil samples found in different parts of Nigeria. Three different crude oil samples from Onitsha market, Lagos markets and NNPC refinery Port Harcourt were administered orally for 30 days at three dose levels (750, 1500 and 3000 mg/kg) while the control was given water (10 ml/kg). There was a rise in serum BUN of 1500 mg/kg and 3000 mg/kg for both NNPC (Groups C & D) and Lagos (Groups I & J) samples while for Onitsha, a significant rise was observed only in the 3000 mg/kg dose group (Group G). Similarly, a significant percentage rise in creatinine was observed in 1500 mg/kg and 3000 mg/kg doses for both NNPC (Groups C & D) and Lagos (Groups I & J) samples, while all doses of crude oil from Onitsha showed no significant increase. Furthermore, all doses of the three samples of crude oil showed a significant percentage increase in serum levels of AST, whereas only the 1500 mg/kg dose of crude oil from NNPC showed a significant percentage rise in the serum levels of ALT. The results of the histological studies for the liver and kidney tissues demonstrated more abnormality in NNPC and Lagos samples than in the Onitsha samples. Conclusively, crude oil from the NNPC refinery and Lagos market was more toxic than the samples from the Onitsha market. Factors likely to contribute to differences in toxicity profiles could be exposure, environmental conditions, and time.
Assessment of Health Education Students’ Knowledge of Sickle Cell and Rhesus Factor Incompatibility in the University of Ilorin
Authors: A.O. Oyeyemi , O.O. Olushola , K.A. Jidda 
Published: June 2022

The incidence of Sickle Cell and Rhesus Factor disorders has a considerable impact on death rates across the world. Unmarried students in the Department of Health Education at the University of Ilorin were tested on their knowledge of Sickle Cell and Rhesus Factor compatibility. The study looked at how knowledge about Sickle Cell illness and Rhesus Factor compatibility varied according to gender, (ii) academic level, (iii) age, and (iv) religion. The study used a survey-style descriptive research approach. The study's participants were single students in the Department of Health Education. A multi-stage sampling process was used to choose 200 respondents for the study. Data was collected using a validated structured questionnaire with a reliability value of 0.72. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics of percentages, and inferential statistics of independent test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at the 0.05 alpha level. Among the findings were that:
1.	The level of knowledge of sickle cell was moderate.
2.	The level of knowledge of Rhesus factor compatibility was also moderate.
3.	There was no statistically significant difference in the knowledge of sickle cell based on gender (t{198} = 1.21, p>0.05).
4.	There was no statistically significant difference in the knowledge of sickle cell based on age range (t{198} = 1.218, p>0.05).
5.	There was no statistically significant difference in the knowledge of sickle cell on religion (t{198} = 1.491, p>0.05).
The study revealed, among other things, that the students' understanding of Sickle Cell and Rhesus Factor compatibility was moderate. As a result, it was suggested that students be educated about the consequences of Sickle Cell and Rhesus Factor incompatibility through health symposiums, public announcements, and social media, as well as the various ways in which it can be avoided, to aid in the development of their knowledge and to assist groups and individuals in making informed decisions in such health matters.
Antonio Gramsci’nin Hegemonya Kavramının Uluslararası İlişkiler Disiplinine Girişi ve Yorumlanması
Authors: EKREN Alican 
Published: June 2022

Robert W. Cox’un Gramsci’den alarak uluslararası ilişkiler disiplinine uyarladığı “hegemonya” kavramı, uluslararası sistem içinde yer alan devletlerin yanında devlet dışı aktörlerin de yer aldığı, rızaya dayalı bir ilişki biçimi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Cox’a göre hegemonya, yalnızca devletler arası ilişkiler ile anlaşılamaz; çünkü, hegemonya, devletlerin sosyal sınıfları ile bağlantı kurmasını sağlayan, uluslararası düzeyde bir üretim modeli üzerine kuruldur. Cox’un uygulamaya çalıştığı bu yaklaşım, sosyal güçler, devlet yapısı ve devlet dış politikası arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Robert W. Cox’un hegemonya kavramı çerçevesinde inşa etmiş olduğu kuram, yeni-Gramşiyan perspektifi etkileyen ve besleyen bir metedollojiye sahiptir. Bu metedoloji, bilhassa belirsizlik dönemlerinin adlandırılması ve gelecek ihtimaller hakkında düşünülmeyi kolaylaştıran olanaklara sahiptir.
Bu çalışma, Robert W. Cox’un Gramsci’nin hegemonya kavramını uluslararası ilişkiler disiplinine katarken kullandığı metodlardan bahsederken, aynı zamanda uluslararası ilişkiler teorilerinin hegemonya görüşlerini de açıklamaktadır. Çalışmanın asıl açıklamaya çalıştığı sorunsal ise Cox’un hegemonya yaklaşımının günümüz uluslararası sistem içerisindeki geçerliliğidir.
Analisis Resiko Usaha Pembesaran Lele Sangkuriang Probiotik Dan Non Probiotik (Study Kasus Usaha Lele Bapak Wahyu) Di Desa Karang Binangun II BMR OKU Timur
Authors: Munsiarum  , Wiwiek Tri Setyarini  
Published: June 2022

The catfish farming business is a fairly developed business in the fisheries sector of East OKU district. Enlargement of catfish on limited land with high stocking density and poor feed management will worsen pond water conditions due to accumulation of organic matter that is toxic to catfish which causes stress and causes various diseases. Currently, probiotics are being used in fisheries for disease prevention efforts. The probiotic application itself gave birth to different attitudes and opinions for sangkuriang catfish rearing actors in Karang Binangun II Village, a stronghold that responded positively to revealing that real results had been obtained, in fact reducing production costs and boosting productivity. Meanwhile, from the camps that disagree, arguing is only wasteful and detrimental.
The average cost incurred for probiotic sangkuriang catfish enlargement per 100 m² in one production cycle is Rp. 16,017,705 with an average total receipt of Rp. 21,098,500 so that the average income of probiotic sangkuriang catfish enlargement is Rp. 5,080,795. while the average cost incurred on non-probiotic sangkuriang catfish enlargement per 100 m² in one production cycle is Rp. 16,228,200 with an average total revenue received of Rp. 19,239,500 so that the average income for raising sangkuriang catfish non probiotics is Rp. 3,011,300.
The cost risk of probiotic sangkuriang catfish rearing the coefficient of variance is 0.0063 while nonprobiotic sangkuriang catfish rearing the coefficient of variance is 0.0277, this is due to the large production costs that must be incurred by non-probiotic sangkuriang catfish rearing farmers, such as fertilization costs, liming costs , the cost of immunostimulants, and the cost of feed.
For the production risk of probiotic sangkuriang catfish rearing with a coefficient of variance of 0.0048, while the non-probiotic sangkuriang catfish rearing with a variance coefficient of 0.0729 The results of the analysis show that the production risk of probiotic sangkuriang catfish rearing is smaller than that of nonprobiotic sangkuriang catfish rearing. this is due to the large production obtained on the enlargement of probiotic sangkuriang catfish.
On the income risk of probiotic sangkuriang catfish rearing the coefficient of variance is 0.14 while on non-probiotic sangkuriang catfish rearing the coefficient of variance is 0.31. The results of the analysis show that the income risk of probiotic sangkuriang catfish enlargement is smaller than non-probiotic sangkuriang catfish enlargement, this is due to the low production cost of probiotic sangkuriang catfish with high production yields so that the income obtained on probiotic sangkuriang catfish enlargement is high.
Analysis of predictive control algorithm based PWM boost converter-based hybrid networks
Authors: Shanthi P. , Uma G. 
Published: June 2022

The Power Electronic Converter (PEC) interfacing with the Renewable Energy Hybrid System (REHS) like solar, wind, etc is very much important and its implementations and validations are most required to reduce the harmonic distortions, unity power factor, DC-link voltage regulation, and lower frequency with high-speed operations. The PEC is like us three phase Pulse Width Modulation of Bidirectional Power Electronic Converter (BPEC). This paper proposes the novel Tracking Controller based Predictive (TCP) with PI controller is implemented and validated using dSpace TMS 1102 Digital Signal Processor in the VSC. This processor is used to generate the reference currents and a novel tracking controller based predictive Instantaneous Reference Current Generation using Synchronous Detection Method (IRCGSDM), based on this controller the real time data are sensed through current and voltage transducer from 1KVA inverter realized and software (MATLAB Simulink) simulations are validated through MATLAB Software, This novel TCP controller algorithm achieved a fast response in the DC-link voltage regulation, reactive power compensation with unity power factor and nearest sinusoidal grid currents using predetermination of cost function minimization.
Serum hepcidin levels as indicator of anemia status in male hemodialysis patients
Authors: Ulrahman Baneen Ali Abd , Sharba Intisar Razzaq 
Published: June 2022

Background: Hepcidin is a polypeptide hormone as regulator of iron homeostasis, and it plays an important role of functional iron deficiency in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) which associated with hemodialysis (HD) because of defective erythropoiesis in CKD. This study was conducted to assess the association between hepcidin and anemia status in HD patients. This was a cross-sectional study of 65 HD patients and EPO therapy were enrolled; compared with 25 age matched healthy individuals as controls. The current study was investigated serum hepcidin, iron status was included serum ferritin and iron levels, anemia hematological indices such as RBC, Hb, MCV, and MCH, in addition to other clinical parameters of kidney function, and C-reactive protein (CRP) as inflammation markers were performed in both HD patients and controls. Results: The mean patient age was (45.65±13.34) years, with dialysis vintage of median (IQR) was (12 (3-36) month. serum hepcidin were highly significantly increase in HD patients than in the control group (622.3±139.6, and 465.16±80.31pg/ml, respectively p = 0.0001). serum hepcidin significantly associated with 37% anemia severity about (692.4±119.8) pg/ml more than patient with 49.2% of moderate about (605.3±117.7) pg/ml, (p=0.007) as compared with 13.8% of mild anemia groups (531.8±99.12) pg/ml, (p=0.001).
Study the hepatoprotective effects and oxidant-antioxidant status of beta vulgaris roots ethanolic extract in hepatotoxic rats induced by acetaminophen
Authors: Mahmood Shams Kareem , Askar Salma Jameel 
Published: June 2022

The present study was done to investigate the therapeutic efficiency of Beta vulgaris roots ethanolic extract versus N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in overcoming experimentally induced hapatotoxicity in rats by given double maximum therapeutic dose of Acetaminophen (N-acetyl-para-aminophenol (APAP) or paracetamol®) orally. The experiment was performed by two parts: First part was involved the extraction of Beta vulgaris roots by using 90% ethanolic solvent and detection the main phytochemical constituents of Beta vulgaris roots ethanolic extract and their concentrations% by using spectrophotometry analysis, while the second part of experiment was involved the determination and understand the therapeutic effect of Beta vulgaris roots ethanolic extract on hepatotoxicity induced by Acetaminophen which administered more than the recommended dose in rats. Three treated groups of male albino rats (12 rats each) and the dosing regimen was performed as follows: Each group was dosed (APAP) twice daily of (100 mg/kg B.W.) for 14 days as follows dosing regimen: Positive control group: Rats were daily administered Acetaminophen at dose (100 mg/kg) orally twice a day as (50 mg/kg) in the morning and (50 mg/kg) at the evening for 14 days followed by two weeks recovery.
Reasons, consequences, and suggested solutions for nursing workforce shortage
Authors: Alshahrani Shadia Hamoud 
Published: June 2022

Nurses are an integral part of the health care system. Studies have shown that when hospitals and other health facilities have the right number of nurses, it improves patient safety, mortality rates, and overall patient outcomes. The lack of nurses is a complex problem with several causes. There are many aspects to play, from the aging population of nurses, fatigue from work overload, stressful working environment, low wages and work dissatisfaction. The combination of these factors causes a shortage of nurses and causes them to grow over time. The mental and physical pressure on nurses can increase their burnt out and is the main reason for the hectic retraction of nurses from their professions. This literature review is discussing the main reasons for the nursing shortage, and its negative impact on health systems and patient care, then finally discusses the solutions for this problem from the literature.
Automated medical image classification using deep learning
Authors: Hebbale Swaroop , Marndi Ashapurna , Achyutha Prasad N , Manjula G , Mohan B R , Jagadeesh B N 
Published: June 2022

Medical imaging is extremely important in the domain of medicine. Image classification is now utilized to distinguish aberrant tissues from healthy tissue in brain imaging. The brain tumor is identified from MRI images by using some classification techniques, where the area of the tumor as well as the tumor size is detected. Automatic tumor detection using brain MRI is efficient and time- saving, assisting the neurologists in diagnosis. Tumors can increase the risk of cancer, which is the most common cause of death or major cause of mortality worldwide. To detect brain tumors at the moment, effective automation of tumor detection is essential. Marker based Watershed algorithm is a typical segmentation technique which is used for identifying brain tumors. For brain tumor detection, we performed marker based watershed classification on MRI images with the use of gray scale images, then by noise removal and morphological operations. The steps in the methodology are as follows: Gray-level and sharpening was used in the pre-processing, and the image was segmented using thresholding as well as the marker based watershed algorithm, and the CNN was used for classifying the images. Finally, the tumor's location and size were determined.
The Paleo-Mesoarchaean Gondpipri Mafic-Ultramafic Intrusions, Western Bastar Archaean Craton, Central India: Insights from Bulk-Rock Geochemistry and Sm-Nd and S Isotope Studies on the Formation of Ni-Cu-PGE Mineralization
Authors: Dora M. L. , Meshram Tushar , Baswani Srinivas R. , Malviya Vivek P. , Mahapatro Satya Narayana , Dash Jitendra K. , Meshram Rajkumar R. , Verma Sanjeet K. , Wankhade Sanjay H. , Mohanty Manoranjan , Pati Pitamber , Randive Kirtikumar 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Magmatic Ni-Cu-platinum group element (PGE)-Te mineralization in the Gondpipri mafic-ultramafic layered intrusion of ca. 3323 ± 74 Ma age, western Bastar craton, central India, is one of the most prospective exploration targets for magmatic sulfides in India. The Gondpipri layered intrusion is divided into two distinct groups of rocks based on their mineralization potential, which include (1) mineralized layered gabbro and pyroxenite and (2) a barren olivine gabbro intrusion. The host rocks show Cu + Ni concentrations up to 5,000 ppm with a Cu/Ni ratio &lt;1 and all PGE values between 0.1 and 1.1 ppm. Mineralization occurs in two modes: type I mineralization occurring as blebs, specks, and dissemination and type II mineralization occurring as stringers and minor veins. The geochemical data suggest that the parental magma of the host rock was generated at depths between spinel and garnet peridotite mantle source regions and subsequently modified by assimilation fractional crystallization (AFC) of the continental crust. High large ion lithophile elements, Th/Yb ratios of the studied rocks, and Sm-Nd isotope studies are consistent with a depleted mantle source. The geochemical proxies such as Th versus Ba/Th and (Ta/La)PM versus (Hf/Sm)PM and higher Sr/Nd (2.21–82.58) ratios indicate involvement of fluid-related subduction metasomatism and enrichment processes in an island-arc tectonic setting.
Mineral assemblages and textural relationships between platinum group minerals (PGMs) and base metal sulfides suggest that sulfide-silicate liquid immiscibility was brought about by the precipitation of magnetite/Cr magnetite resulting in sulfide saturation in the melt by decreasing S solubility. Sulfur isotope compositions (δ34S: 1.61–3.30‰) and Sm-Nd geochemistry suggest that the sulfur was added in the tholeiitic magma by magmatic process. Crustal contamination played a significant role in sulfide saturation and in bringing about PGE and Te, As, Bi, Sb, Se (TABS) mineralization. PGM-NiTeBi developed at relatively low temperatures, whereas moncheite (PtPd)Te2 and merenskyite (PdTe) were formed at 650°C. The identification of Ni-Cu-PGM-Te in the margin of the western Bastar craton boosts deeper subsurface exploration.
KECEPATAN PENCAPAIAN TARGET ENERGI DAN PROTEIN SERTA HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN PENURUNAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH DAN LINGKAR LENGAN ATAS PADA PASIEN STROKE
Authors: Ramadhan Joriandhita , Hertanto Wahyu Subagio  , Enny Probosari  
Published: June 2022

Background: Some anthropometrics assessment on risk of malnutrition are by measuring the mid-arm circumference (MAC) and calculating the body mass index (BMI).
Objective: To analyze the relationship between days of energy and protein target achievement to the reduction of MAC and BMI in stroke patients in Indonesia.
Method: The study design was an observational study with a cross-sectional approach to determine the relationship between days of energy and protein target achievement to the reduction of MAC and BMI. A total of 55 subjects who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were taken at the Stroke Unit of RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang during January-March 2021. MAC measurements and BMI calculations were carried out. Analysis of the relationship between dependent and independent variables using the chi square statistical test.
Results: Most of the subjects achieved their energy and protein targets within ≤ 3 days. Days of energy and protein target achievement did not correlate with the reduction in MAC and BMI statistically (p> 0.05), but the research data stated that as a percentage, one third of the subjects who reached the energy and protein targets ≤ 3 days did not experience reduction.
Conclusion: All subjects were stroke patients aged 19-59 years where 49 (89,1%) could meet their energy and protein targets within ≤ 3 days and 17 (34,7%) subjects did not experience reduction in MAC and BMI.

Keywords: Stroke, MAC, BMI, malnutrition, anthropometry
Judicialização da saúde: o fornecimento de medicamentos de alto custo e o Poder Judiciário
Authors: Marcomini Leonardo , Silva Alcides Belfort da 
Published: June 2022

O presente trabalho tem por finalidade desenvolver uma estudo sobre a judicialização da saúde, que nada mais é que a intervenção do Poder Judiciário, seja por reinvindicações ou maneiras de atuação, como uma última ratio, para que o cidadão obtenha esse acesso à saúde, que muitas vezes é compelido por questões orçamentárias.
Abstract: The present work aims to develop a study on the judicialization of health, which is nothing more than the intervention of the Judiciary, either by claims or ways of acting, as a "last ratio", so that the citizen obtains this access to health, which is often compelled by budgetary issues.
Keywords: Judicialization. Medicines. Health.
Adaptação transcultural e transformação digital da Escala Aces: experiências pré-testadas
Authors: Naegeli Roberta Olivério , Córdoba-Vieira Julia Elena , Marinho de Mello de Picoli Ricardo de , Antonelli-Ponti Mayra 
Published: June 2022

Dada a importância do desenvolvimento de competências socioemocionais e de sua contribuição em realizações educacionais, temos iniciativas focadas e implementadas com sucesso para este fim. Assim, faz-se necessário avaliar tal desenvolvimento a partir de instrumentos validados e adaptados à cultura local. Este trabalho consistiu, então, na adaptação para o Brasil de um instrumento de tarefas composto por 56 itens, divididos em 3 subescalas, sendo 26 na primeira e 15 na segunda e terceira subescala, cujo objetivo foi avaliar a percepção de emoções de crianças do ensino fundamental anos iniciais. O instrumento, originalmente desenvolvido por autores americanos e adaptado, também, à realidade portuguesa, passou por adaptações culturais, semânticas e tecnológicas. Foram realizados: pré-teste, retrotradução e revisão de itens e a escala, ao final do processo de adaptação manteve-se composto por 3 subescalas, sendo assim, um total de 49 itens, sendo 20 na primeira, 14 na segunda e 15 na terceira. Concluímos que esta versão do instrumento é satisfatória para realização futura de estudo piloto e que os resultados indicam que as crianças compreenderam os itens e também o funcionamento do instrumento na versão em que está, com aplicação feita via tablet. Ademais, as crianças demonstram nível de percepção emocional adequado para a faixa etária.
Abstract: Given the importance of developing socio-emotional competencies and its contribution in educational achievements, there are initiatives focused on this purpose which have had success. Thus, it’s necessary to evaluate that kind of development using validated instruments that are adapted to the local culture. This paper consists of an adaptation of an instrument - composed by 56 items, divided in 3 subscales, consisting in a total of 49 items: 20 in the first one, 14 in the second and 15 in the third - for its use in Brazil’s context, whose objective was to evaluate the perception that children of first years of elementary school have about emotions. The instrument, originally american and then adapted to portuguese reality, was adapted in cultural, semantical and technological ways. Pretest, backtranslation and items review were performed. Our conclusion is that this instrument version is satisfactory for future use in pilot studies and that our results indicate that children have comprehended the items and also this version functioning using tablets. In addition, the children demonstrated an adequate level of emotional perception considering their age group.
Keywords: Socio-emotional skills. Elementary school. Emotion perception. Children.