bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Prospective Randomised Controlled Trial of Mechanical Axis with Soft Tissue Release Balancing vs Functional Alignment with Bony Resection Balancing in Total Knee Replacement – A Study Using Stryker Mako Robotic-Arm Assisted Technology
Authors: Young Simon W , Zeng Nina , Tay Mei Lin , Fulker David , Esposito Christina , Carter Matthew , Bayan Ali , Farrington Bill J , Rooyen Rupert Van , Walker Matthew L 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Improving the functional outcome following Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) by using different alignment techniques remains controversial. The surgical techniques and technologies used so far to obtain these alignments have all suffered from inaccuracies. The use of robotic technology to plan and execute the bony resection provides increased accuracy for these various alignment techniques and may determine which will deliver superior function. Functional alignment (FA) is a newer surgical technique that aims to position the prosthesis with respect to each patients’ specific bony anatomy whilst minimising disruption to the soft tissue envelope. This trial aims to compare the patient and surgical outcomes of FA to the current gold standard surgical technique, Mechanical alignment (MA), under randomised and blinded conditions. Methods: Patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis will be prospectively recruited. Following informed consent 240 patients will be randomised to either a MA surgical technique (the control group) or a FA surgical technique (the intervention group) at a ratio of 4:1 using a random number generator. All patients will undergo computer tomography (CT) based Robotic-Arm Assisted Surgery to execute planned implant positioning and alignment with high levels of accuracy. The primary outcome is the forgotten joint score (FJS) at 2-years post-operation. Secondary outcome measures include patient reported outcome measures of post-operative rehabilitation, pain, function, and satisfaction, as well as limb alignment, implant revisions and adverse events. Intention-to-treat and per-protocol population analysis will also be conducted. Standardisation of the surgical system and care pathways will minimise variation and assist in both patient and physiotherapist blinding. Ethical approval was obtained from the Northern B Health and Disability Ethics Committee (20/NTB/10). Discussion: Currently MA remains the gold standard in knee replacement due to proven outcomes and excellent long-term survivorship. There are many alternative alignment techniques in the literature, all with the goal of improving patient outcomes. This study is unique in that it leverages an advanced analytics tool to assist the surgeon in achieving balance. Both alignment techniques will be executed with high precision using the CT-based Robotic-Arm Assisted Surgery system which will minimise surgical variation. This trial design will help determine if FA delivers superior outcomes for patients. Trial registration: Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR), ACTRN12620000009910. Registered on 9th January 2020. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04600583. Registered on 29th September 2020.
The addition of exogenous low-molecular-weight organic acids improved phytoremediation by Bidens Pilosa L. in Cd-contaminated soil
Authors: Yang Qing , Xie Junting , Liu Huijun , Fang Zhiguo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Enhancing the uptake and enrichment of heavy metals in plants is one of the important means to strengthen phytoremediation. In the present study, citric acid (CA), tartaric acid (TA), and malic acid (MA) were applied to enhance phytoremediation by Bidens Pilosa L. in Cd-contaminated soil. The results showed that by the addition of appropriate concentrations of CA, TA, and MA, the values of the bioaccumulation factor increased by 77.98%, 78.33%, and 64.49%, respectively, the transport factor values increased by 16.45%, 12.61%, and 5.73%, respectively, and the values of the phytoextraction rates increased by 169.21%, 71.28%, and 63.11%, respectively. The minimum fluorescence values of leaves decreased by 31.62%, 0.28%, and 17.95%, while the potential efficiency of the PSII values of leaves increased 117.87%, 2.25%, and 13.18%, respectively, when CA, TA, and MA with suitable concentration were added. Redundancy analysis showed that CA and MA in plants were significantly positively correlated with plant growth, photosynthesis, and other indicators, whereas TA showed a negative correlation with most indicators. Moreover, CA addition could significantly increase the abundances of Azotobacter, Pseudomonas, and other growth-promoting bacteria, and the abundance values of Actinophytocola and Ensifer were improved in TA treatments. Therefore, our results demonstrated that low-molecular-weight organic acids could enhance phytoremediation, and exogenous CA could significantly improve the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil by Bidens Pilosa L.
If you build it, will they come? Realist analysis of whether Emergency Departments with primary care services generate ‘provider-induced demand’.
Authors: Joy McFadzean Isobel , Edwards Michelle , Davies Freya , Cooper Alison , Price Delyth , Carson-Stevens Andrew , Hughes Thomas , Porter Alison , Harrington Barbara , Evans Bridie Angela , Siriwardena Aloysius Niroshan , Anderson Pippa , Edwards Adrian , Dale Jeremy 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: It is not known whether emergency departments (EDs) with primary care services influence demand for non-urgent care (‘provider-induced demand’). We proposed that distinct primary care services in EDs encourages primary care demand, whereas primary care integrated within EDs may be less likely to cause additional demand. We aimed to explore this and explain contexts (C), mechanisms (M) and outcomes (O) influencing demand. Methods: We used realist evaluation methodology and observed ED service delivery. 24 patients and 106 staff members (including Clinical Directors and General Practitioners) were interviewed at 13 EDs in England and Wales (240 hours of observations across 30 days). Field notes from observations and interviews were analysed by creating ‘CMO’ configurations to develop and refine theories relating to drivers of demand. Results: EDs with distinct primary care services were perceived to attract demand for primary care because services were visible, known or enabled direct access to health care services. Other influencing factors included patients’ experiences of accessing primary care, community care capacity, service design and population characteristics. Conclusions: Patient, local-system and wider-system factors can contribute to additional demand at EDs that include primary care services. Our findings can inform service providers and policymakers in developing strategies to limit the effect of potential influences on additional demand when demand exceeds capacity.
Development and Validation of a Self-Care Scale for Older Adults undergoing Hip Fracture Surgery: The HFS-SC
Authors: Yeom Hye-Ah , Jeon Eun-Jeong , Sohng Kyeong-Yae 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The ability to take care of oneself after hip fracture surgery is important for older adults. Various scales have been developed for evaluation of this ability, but a scale specifically focusing on hip fracture has not been developed. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a scale (Hip Fracture Surgery Self-Care Scale, HFS-SC) to evaluate self-care for older adults undergoing hip fracture surgery.Methods: The scale was developed according to the guidelines by DeVellis. Initial items were derived from a literature review and individual interviews with 11 older adults who underwent hip fracture surgery. To confirm the suitability of the questions, a preliminary survey was conducted on 25 older adults. Psychometric testing was performed on 300 older adults 65 years old or over living at home after surgery for hip fracture. Psychometric properties of the scale were examined by content validity, construct validity, concurrent validity, internal consistency reliability, and test-retest reliability. Results: Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the 18-item scale comprised five factors (functional independence, symptom recognition and management, positive mental health, participation and support in social activities, and a safe environment). The reliabilities of the scale were 0.91 for Cronbach’s alpha and 0.815 for test-retest reliability. Conclusions: The HFS-SC has acceptable validity and reliability and is expected to be useful for evaluating the levels of self-care for older adults undergoing hip fracture surgery.
The Climate Benefit of Sequestration for Warming Mitigation and Systems-Level Analysis
Authors: Crow Susan E. , Sierra Carlos A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Soils are a promising reservoir to store carbon (C) and mediate greenhouse gas emissions; however, long timescales are required to store amounts of C of relevance to mitigate climate change. Here we conceptually and computationally connect the concepts of permanence (policy) and persistence (biogeosciences) to the amount of warming that is avoided while C is stored in ecosystems, including soils. This connection is made through the concepts of Carbon Sequestration (CS) and Climate Benefit of Sequestration (CBS), two metrics that informs us about how much C, for how long, and how much warming is avoided by storing C in natural reservoirs. We argue that these metrics are needed to better inform policy discussions about CO 2 removal and storage in natural sinks. The CS and CBS metrics and their definitions allow us to obtain the net climate effect of simultaneous emission and sequestration of C fixed in terrestrial systems. To demonstrate the utility of these concepts, we show here that for soil C sequestration efforts to be as effective at reducing warming as avoiding emissions, actions do not need to increase the size of the oldest C pools; instead, actions should focus on retaining the new inputs a little bit (about a decade) longer. CS and CBS can assist with the ongoing policy debates through communication and computation of these benefits across multiple scales and system complexity.
Upregulation of hsa_circ_0002003 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression
Authors: Zhou Lisha , Hou Jun , Wu Xiangwei , Wang Lianghai , Chen Xueling 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), which are involved in various human malignancies, have emerged as promising biomarkers. The present study aimed to investigate unique expression profiles of circRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and identify novel biomarkers associated with HCC development and progression.
Methods
CircRNA expression profiles of HCC tissues were jointly analyzed to identify differentially expressed circRNAs. Overexpression plasmid and siRNA targeting candidate circRNAs were used in functional assays in vitro. CircRNA-miRNA interactions were predicted using miRNAs expressed in the miRNA-seq dataset GSE76903. To further screen downstream genes that are targeted by the miRNAs, survival analysis and qRT-PCR were conducted to evaluate their prognostic role in HCC and to construct a ceRNA regulatory network.
Results
Three significantly upregulated circRNAs, hsa_circ_0002003, hsa_circ_0002454, and hsa_circ_0001394, and one significantly downregulated circRNA, hsa_circ_0003239, were identified and validated by qRT-PCR. Our in vitro data indicated that upregulation of hsa_circ_0002003 accelerated cell growth and metastasis. Mechanistically, DTYMK, DAP3, and STMN1, which were targeted by hsa-miR-1343-3p, were significantly downregulated in HCC cells when hsa_circ_0002003 was silenced and were significantly correlated with poor prognosis in patients with HCC.
Conclusion
Hsa_circ_0002003 may play critical roles in HCC pathogenesis and serve as a potential prognostic biomarker for HCC. Targeting the hsa_circ_0002003/hsa-miR-1343-3p/STMN1 regulatory axis could be an effective therapeutic strategy in patients with HCC.
Dynamic Performance Analysis and Optimization Design of the Pulp-Molding Machine Frame
Authors: Lou Junbin , Gong Yaping 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The pulp-molding product is a new degradable and pollution-free packaging material replacing traditional packaging materials. Countries are strongly recommending that pulp molding machines are mainly used to produce pulp-molding products. The stability, efficiency, and rapidity of its products’ molding and processing quality are largely controlled by the structural dynamic mechanics of the molding-machine frame. The first-order natural frequency, the fundamental frequency, is an important index to measure the dynamic performance of its equipment. The Pulp-Molding Machine Frame molding machine was taken as an example to analyze the dynamic performance and optimize the design in the work. Based on finite elements, the beam structure was divided into finite elements, and the global independent generalized displacement coordinates of the equipment were extracted using multi-point constraint elements. The elastic dynamic model of the device was established by combining the Lagrange equation and the global independent generalized displacement coordinates, and the correctness of the theoretical model was verified by the finite element method. Finally, taking the first natural frequency as the optimization-design goal, the section size of the beam in the equipment was optimized by the particle-swarm optimization algorithm. The results can be used to analyze the dynamic performance and optimize the design of the molding machine at the pre-design stage.
Closed Loop Automated Critical Care Concept and Feasibility Study for Resuscitation in A Severe Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Model of Shock in Swine
Authors: Patel Nathan TP , Goenaga-Diaz Eduardo J , Lane Magan R , Johnson M Austin , Neff Lucas P , Williams Timothy K 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUNDVolume expansion and vasopressors for the treatment of shock is an intensive process that requires frequent assessments and adjustments. Strict blood pressure goals in multiple physiologic states of shock (TBI, sepsis, and hemorrhagic) have been associated with improved outcomes. The availability of continuous physiologic data is amenable to closed loop automated critical care to improve goal directed resuscitation.METHODS5 adult swine were anesthetized and subjected to a controlled 30% estimated total blood volume hemorrhage followed by 30 minutes of complete supra-celiac aortic occlusion and then auto-transfusion back to euvolemia with removal of aortic balloon. The animals underwent closed loop critical care for 255 minutes after removal of the endovascular aortic balloon. The closed-loop critical care algorithm using proximal aortic pressure and central venous pressure combined with a fully autonomous algorithm providing programmatically control of pumps for titration of vasopressors and weight-based crystalloid boluses (5ml/kg) to maintain a mean arterial pressure between 60 - 70 mmHg.RESULTSDuring the 255 minutes of critical care the animals experienced hypotension (<60 mmHg) 15.29% (8.63% - 16.47% interquartile range), hypertension (>70 mmHg) 7.84% (6.67% - 9.02% interquartile range), and normotension (60 - 70 mmHg) 76.86% (76.86% - 81.18% interquartile range) of the time. Excluding the first 60 minutes of the critical care phase the animals experienced hypotension 1.03% (0.51% - 7.69% interquartile range) of the time. Median intervention rate was 8.47 interventions per hour (interquartile range: 7.76 - 9.18). The proportion of interventions was 61.54% (interquartile range: 61.11%-66.667%) weight-based crystalloid boluses and 38.46% (interquartile range: 33.33%-38.89%) titration of vasopressors.CONCLUSIONThis autonomous critical care platform, utilizing volume expansion and vasopressor titration in a model of ischemia-reperfusion injury, is effective at minimizing hypotension using goal-directed closed loop algorithms and device actuation. This descriptive study highlights the potential for this approach to deliver nuanced critical care in the ICU environment, thereby optimizing resuscitative efforts and expanding capabilities through cognitive offloading. Future efforts will focus on optimizing this platform through comparative studies, specifically evaluating the performance compared to manual critical care.
Endocrine Therapy Recommendation for Estrogen Receptor Positive (ER + ) Metastases Advanced Breast Cancer using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Lokare Reena , Patil Sunita 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has shown tremendous contribution in various applications like Speech Recognition, Expert Systems, Computer Vision, Robotics, Gaming etc. Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) algorithms under AI address problems such as prediction, classification and regression. AI has touched many domains like Finance, Healthcare, Retail, Travel, Media etc. The results or the predictions generated by these algorithms are not easily accepted by the user with the apprehension as what AI promises, how can they guarantee it? Especially the Healthcare domain is facing a great challenge in accepting the results or the predictions with the concern, are AI results reliable, correct and ethical? Doctors or medical practitioners aren’t ready to treat patients on the basis of results or suggestions generated by AI algorithms. Hence, a technology which can explain how the results returned by AI algorithms are trustworthy, transparent and interpretable was strongly needed. This need has given rise to the latest technology-Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI). With the use of XAI, all the predictions, classifications made by AI algorithms are explainable, auditable, comprehensive, validating and socially acceptable. This study will help medical practitioners and other researchers to use XAI for reliable, trustworthy and explainable results or suggestions provided by AI, ML, DL algorithms not only in healthcare but all other sectors adopting these technologies.
Semi-Supervised Learning For Quality Control Of High-Value Wood Products
Authors: Schubert Mark , Sonderegger Walter , Luković Mirko , Kläusler Oliver 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The quality control of wood products is often only checked at the end of the production process so that countermeasures can only be taken with a time delay in the event of fluctuations in product quality. This often leads to unnecessary and cost-intensive rejects. Furthermore, since quality control often requires additional procedural steps to be performed by a skilled worker, testing is time-consuming and costly. While traditional machine learning (ML) methods based on supervised learning have been used in the field with some success, the limited availability of labeled data is the major hurdle for further improving model performance. In the present study, the potential of enhancing the performance of the ML methods random forest (RF) and support vector machines (SVM) for quality classification by using semi-supervised learning (SSL) was investigated. Labelled and unlabeled data were provided by Swiss Wood Solutions AG, which produces densified wood for high-value wood products such as musical instruments. The developed approach includes labeling of the unlabeled data using SSL, training and 10k cross-validation of the ML algorithms RF and SVM, and determining the generalization ability using the hold-out test set. Based on the evaluation indices such as accuracy, F1-score, recall, false-positive-rate (FPR) and confusion matrices, it was shown that SSL could enhance the prediction performance of the quality classification of ML models compared to the conventional supervised learning method. Despite having a small data set, the work paves the way for future applications of semi-supervised ML for wood quality assessment.
Does Treatment Stigma Among Autistic Adolescents and Guardians of Autistic Adolescents Affect the Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy? An Observational Study
Authors: Oshita Emiko , Oshima Fumiyo , Hongo Minako , Guan Siqing , Nitta Yusuke , Shimizu Eiji 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThis study explores how treatment stigma of Autistic adolescents, and their guardians affects the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) interventions.MethodsThe intervention group in the randomization consisted of Autistic adolescents, n = 23 (16 boys, 7 girls, mean age 12.8 years) and their guardians, n = 23 (1 male, 22 females, mean age 44.8 years). Their questionnaire data were used. The changes in the Barriers to Access to Care Evaluation scale version 3 (BACEv3) before the intervention and other tests after the intervention were analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.ResultsThe Spearman's rank correlation coefficient analysis showed that the BACEv3 of Autistic adolescents did not correlate with the change in any of the scales. Guardians' BACEv3 was significantly correlated with Autistic adolescents’ Autistic traits knowledge of Autism Spectrum Disorder characteristics and communication of adaptive behavior.ConclusionsThe results suggest that the presence of treatment stigma in Autistic adolescents does not affect CBT interventions. It was also suggested that guardianship treatment stigma did not reduce the effectiveness of CBT interventions for Autistic adolescents. These findings will help us to understand the role of treatment stigma in CBT interventions for Autistic adolescents and their guardians.Trial registration: University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN 000029851). Registered January 6, 2018.
Dissecting The Role Of Cell Signaling Versus CD8+ T Cell Modulation In Propranolol Antitumor Activity
Authors: Li Wei , Wan Jielin , Chen Cuiyu , Zhou Chengfang , Liao Ping , Hu Qian , Hu Jiali , Wang Yang , Zhang Yu , Peng Cong , Huang Yuanfei , Huang Weihua , Zhang Wei , He Yijing , Mcleod Howard L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Preclinical and early clinical mechanistic studies of antitumor activity from the beta-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) blocker propranolol have revealed both cell signaling and immune function pathway effects. Intertumoral studies were performed using propranolol, a β1-AR selective agent (atenolol) and a β2-AR selective agent (ICI 118,551) in a preclinical in vivo model, as a step to dissect the contribution of cell signaling and CD8+ immunological effects on anticancer activity. We found that repression of β2-AR but not β1-AR signaling selectively suppressed cell viability and inhibited xenograft growth in vivo. Moreover, Western blot analysis indicated that the phosphorylation levels of AKT/MEK/ERK were significantly decreased following the inhibition of β2-AR. Furthermore, propranolol was found to activate tumor microenvironment with increased intratumoral frequency of CD8+ T cells, whereas neither selective β1 nor β2-AR blockers had a significant effect on the tumor immune microenvironment. Thus, the results of this mechanistic dissection support a predominant role of cell signaling, rather than the activation of CD8+ T cells, as the basis for propranolol antitumor activity.