bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rethinking textbooks as active social agents in interpretivist research
Authors: Goh Daeyoung 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTextbooks are artifacts. They are made, used, interpreted, and understood in a wide range of ways. In this sense, regardless of its theoretical assumptions, textbook analysis is an evolving and pioneering task as textbooks bring about manifold knowledge, relationships, and emotions. When exploring the texts, images, and functions in and beyond the textbooks, researchers would recognize textbooks as interactive subjects in the social world rather than simply as content carriers. Although content analysis has long been employed as a methodology for textbook analysis, there are multiple pathways to investigate textbooks. The paper pays specific attention to interpretivist methodologies that may allow researchers to see the textbooks' interactive performance and impacts on others and researchers themselves. First, the paper reviews and pieces together previously established approaches and orientations of textbook studies. Second, the paper attempts to build a broad framework for analysing textbooks based mainly on Prior's and Cooren's arguments about reconceptualizing documents and texts, respectively. Third, the paper explores the implications of the analysis mentioned earlier and examines two interpretivist research methodologies, including symbolic interactionism and autoethnography, to open up the possibilities of rethinking textbooks as active social agents in human life instead of repositories of information and ideologies.
Social EEG: A novel neurodevelopmental approach to studying brain‐behavior links and brain‐to‐brain synchrony during naturalistic toddler–parent interactions
Authors: Norton Elizabeth S. , Manning Brittany L. , Harriott Emily M. , Nikolaeva Julia I. , Nyabingi Olufemi Shakuur , Fredian Kaitlyn M. , Page Jessica M. , McWeeny Sean , Krogh‐Jespersen Sheila , MacNeill Leigha A. , Roberts Megan Y. , Wakschlag Lauren S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDespite increasing emphasis on emergent brain‐behavior patterns supporting language, cognitive, and socioemotional development in toddlerhood, methodologic challenges impede their characterization. Toddlers are notoriously difficult to engage in brain research, leaving a developmental window in which neural processes are understudied. Further, electroencephalography (EEG) and event‐related potential paradigms at this age typically employ structured, experimental tasks that rarely reflect formative naturalistic interactions with caregivers. Here, we introduce and provide proof of concept for a new “Social EEG” paradigm, in which parent–toddler dyads interact naturally during EEG recording. Parents and toddlers sit at a table together and engage in different activities, such as book sharing or watching a movie. EEG is time locked to the video recording of their interaction. Offline, behavioral data are microcoded with mutually exclusive engagement state codes. From 216 sessions to date with 2‐ and 3‐year‐old toddlers and their parents, 72% of dyads successfully completed the full Social EEG paradigm, suggesting that it is possible to collect dual EEG from parents and toddlers during naturalistic interactions. In addition to providing naturalistic information about child neural development within the caregiving context, this paradigm holds promise for examination of emerging constructs such as brain‐to‐brain synchrony in parents and children.
Status and distribution of jaguarundi in Texas and Northeastern México: Making the case for extirpation and initiation of recovery in the United States
Authors: Lombardi Jason V. , Haines Aaron M. , Watts G. Wesley , Grassman Lonnie I. , Janečka Jan E. , Caso Arturo , Carvajal Sasha , Wardle Zachary M. , Yamashita Thomas J. , Stasey W. Chad , Branney Aidan B. , Scognamillo Daniel G. , Campbell Tyler A. , Young John H. , Tewes Michael E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe jaguarundi (Puma yagouaroundi) is a small felid with a historical range from central Argentina through southern Texas. Information on the current distribution of this reclusive species is needed to inform recovery strategies in the United States where its last record was in 1986 in Texas. From 2003 to 2021, we conducted camera‐trap surveys across southern Texas and northern Tamaulipas, México to survey for medium‐sized wild cats (i.e., ocelots [Leopardus pardalis], bobcats [Lynx rufus], and jaguarundi). After 350,366 trap nights at 685 camera sites, we did not detect jaguarundis at 16 properties or along 2 highways (1050 km2) in Texas. However, we recorded 126 jaguarundi photographic detections in 15,784 trap nights on 2 properties (125.3 km2) in the northern Sierra of Tamaulipas, Tamaulipas, México. On these properties, latency to detection was 72 trap nights, with a 0.05 probability of detection per day and 0.73 photographic event rate every 100 trap nights. Due to a lack of confirmed class I sightings (e.g., specimen, photograph) in the 18 years of this study, and no other class I observations since 1986 in the United States, we conclude that the jaguarundi is likely extirpated from the United States. Based on survey effort and results from México, we would have expected to detect jaguarundis over the course of the study if still extant in Texas. We recommend that state and federal agencies consider jaguarundis as extirpated from the United States and initiate recovery actions as mandated in the federal jaguarundi recovery plan. These recovery actions include identification of suitable habitat in Texas, identification of robust populations in México, and re‐introduction of the jaguarundi to Texas.
Altered IgG glycosylation at COVID‐19 diagnosis predicts disease severity
Authors: Vicente Manuel M. , Alves Inês , Gaifem Joana , Rodrigues Cláudia S. , Fernandes Ângela , Dias Ana M. , Štambuk Jerko , Petrović Tea , Oliveira Pedro , Ferreira‐da‐Silva Frederico , Soares Adriana , Seixas Nair , Teixeira Tiago , Malheiro Luis , Abreu Miguel M. , Lauc Gordan , Sarmento e Castro Rui , Pinho Salomé S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe nature of the immune responses associated with COVID‐19 pathogenesis and disease severity, as well as the breadth of vaccine coverage and duration of immunity, is still unclear. Given the unpredictability for developing a severe/complicated disease, there is an urgent need in the field for predictive biomarkers of COVID‐19. We have analyzed IgG Fc N‐glycan traits of 82 SARS‐CoV‐2+ unvaccinated patients, at diagnosis, by nano‐LC‐ESI‐MS. We determined the impact of IgG Fc glyco‐variations in the induction of NK cells activation, further evaluating the association between IgG Fc N‐glycans and disease severity/prognosis. We found that SARS‐CoV‐2+ individuals display, at diagnosis, variations in the glycans composition of circulating IgGs. Importantly, levels of galactose and sialic acid structures on IgGs are able to predict the development of a poor COVID‐19 disease. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that a deficiency on galactose structures on IgG Fc in COVID‐19 patients appears to induce NK cells activation associated with increased release of IFN‐γ and TNF‐α, which indicates the presence of pro‐inflammatory immunoglobulins and higher immune activation, associated with a poor disease course. This study brings to light a novel blood biomarker based on IgG Fc glycome composition with capacity to stratify patients at diagnosis.
Modeling the spread of hepatitis C virus amongst people who inject drugs
Authors: Greenhalgh David , Al‐Rashidi Nader 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article discusses two models, with two different needle assumptions for the transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) between people who inject drugs (PWIDs) who share needles and syringes. Our analysis demonstrates that the basic reproduction number determines how the model behaves. is a crucial threshold parameter which divides two qualitatively different scenarios. It has been shown that if only a disease‐free equilibrium point exists. On the other hand if a unique endemic equilibrium point exists as well as the disease‐free one. The disease‐free equilibrium point is globally asymptotically stable if otherwise unstable. We look at an approximation to this model by using the fact that the timescale on which the individual PWIDs inject with needles or syringes is much faster than the timescale of epidemiological change. Also, we showed that if the endemic equilibrium point is locally asymptotically stable for our approximation to this model. Additionally, we perform some simulations with realistic parameter values which confirm that if then the solutions to this model tend to this endemic equilibrium value giving a steady‐state nonzero HCV prevalence. With realistic parameter values for both assumptions we find that and the total endemic equilibrium fraction of infectious PWIDs is 0.5348 and the total equilibrium fraction of antibody positive PWIDs is 0.65. The total fraction of infectious needles is 0.275.
The promising solar‐powered water purification based on graphene functional architectures
Authors: Hu Yajie , Yao Houze , Liao Qihua , Lin Tengyu , Cheng Huhu , Qu Liangti 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSolar‐powered water purification is able to gain freshwater from nonedible water by harnessing inexhaustible and pollution‐free sunlight energy, which is undergoing booming development to address the global water shortage. Due to the fascinating properties, numerous graphene‐based materials were devoted to the solar‐powered system from interfacial solar‐steam generation, towards solar pollutants degradation and even atmospheric water harvesting. Therefore, manipulations on graphene including chemical regulation and structural engineering were first introduced in this review, followed by the recent advancements in three main aspects of graphene‐based solar‐powered water purification concerning rapid steam generation, efficient pollutants degradation and significant atmospheric water harvesting. And the relationships between the designs of the materials with water purification performances were discussed in detail. Finally, a summary of challenges as well as the corresponding possible solutions were also suggested, aiming to provide scientific and technical inspirations to the flourishing solar‐powered water purification based on graphene functional architecturesimage
Effects of dietary protein level on small intestinal morphology, occludin protein, and bacterial diversity in weaned piglets
Authors: Ren Zhihua , Fan Haoyue , Deng Huidan , Yao Shuhua , Jia Guilin , Zuo Zhicai , Hu Yanchun , Shen Liuhong , Ma Xiaoping , Zhong Zhijun , Deng Youtian , Yao Renjie , Deng Junliang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDue to the physiological characteristics of piglets, the morphological structure and function of the small intestinal mucosa change after weaning, which easily leads to diarrhea in piglets. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of crude protein (CP) levels on small intestinal morphology, occludin protein expression, and intestinal bacteria diversity in weaned piglets. Ninety‐six weaned piglets (25 days of age) were randomly divided into four groups and fed diets containing 18%, 20%, 22%, and 24% protein. At 6, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h, changes in mucosal morphological structure, occludin mRNA, and protein expression and in the localization of occludin in jejunal and ileal tissues were evaluated. At 6, 24, and 72 h, changes in bacterial diversity and number of the ileal and colonic contents were analyzed. Results showed that structures of the jejunum and the ileum of piglets in the 20% CP group were intact. The expression of occludin mRNA and protein in the small intestine of piglets in the 20% CP group were significantly higher than those in the other groups. As the CP level increased, the number of pathogens, such as Clostridium difficile and Escherichia coli, in the intestine increased, while the number of beneficial bacteria, such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Roseburia, decreased. It is concluded that maintaining the CP level at 20% is beneficial to maintaining the small intestinal mucosal barrier and its absorption function, reducing the occurrence of diarrhea, and facilitating the growth and development of piglets.
Optimized cutoffs of gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase‐to‐platelet ratio, aspartate aminotransferase‐to‐platelet ratio index, and fibrosis‐4 scoring systems for exclusion of cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Liu Xiaoqing , Li Hu , Wei Li , Tang Qiao , Hu Peng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Accurate prediction of the extent of fibrosis is of great clinical importance in patients infected with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This study aimed to compare the performance of gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase‐to‐platelet ratio (GPR), aspartate aminotransferase‐to‐platelet ratio index (APRI), and fibrosis‐4 (FIB‐4) in evaluating liver fibrosis stages and to identify optimized cutoffs to exclude cirrhosis. Consecutive patients with CHB with liver biopsies were enrolled and randomly divided into derivation and validation cohorts. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve were used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of APRI, FIB‐4, and GPR to distinguish fibrosis stages. New cutoffs with a sensitivity of at least 90% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of more than 95% were identified. A total of 880 individuals were enrolled in this study. The derivation data set consisted of 617 patients, with 82 patients with cirrhosis. In the validation cohort (n = 263), 29 patients had cirrhosis. APRI, FIB‐4, and GPR had comparable diagnostic performance for diagnosing significant fibrosis. GPR outperformed APRI (p < 0.05) in the prediction of cirrhosis. A newly identified GPR score of 0.35 had a sensitivity and NPV of 93.9% and 98.0%, respectively, and misclassified 5 of 82 (6.1%) patients with cirrhosis in the derivation group. All new cutoffs identified in this study also reached our goal in the validation cohort. The new GPR score could rule out a larger proportion of individuals without cirrhosis, and the subgroup analysis showed more stable performance. However, the lower cutoff dose increases the need for further testing compared to the conventional cutoff. Conclusion: A newly identified cutoff for GPR (<0.35) could rule out more patients without cirrhosis compared to APRI and FIB‐4 and have low misclassification rates.
Environmental overlap influences goal‐oriented coding of spatial sequences differently along the long‐axis of hippocampus
Authors: He Qiliang , Starnes Jon , Brown Thackery I. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWhen navigating our world we often first plan or retrieve a route to our goal, avoiding alternative paths to other destinations. Inspired by computational and animal models, we have recently demonstrated evidence that the human hippocampus supports prospective spatial coding, mediated by interactions with the prefrontal cortex. But the relationship between such signals and the need to discriminate possible routes based on their goal remains unclear. In the current study, we combined human fMRI, multi‐voxel pattern analysis, and an established paradigm for contrasting memories of nonoverlapping routes with those of routes that cross paths and must be disambiguated. By classifying goal‐oriented representations at the initiation of a navigational route, we demonstrate that environmental overlap modulates goal‐oriented representations in the hippocampus. This modulation manifest through representational shifts from posterior to anterior components of the right hippocampus. Moreover, declines in goal‐oriented decoding due to overlapping memories were predicted by the strength of the alternative memory, suggesting co‐expression and competition between alternatives in the hippocampus during prospective thought. Moreover, exploratory whole‐brain analyses revealed that a region of frontopolar cortex, which we have previously tied to prospective route planning, represented goal‐states in new overlapping routes. Together, our findings provide insight into the influences of contextual overlap on the long‐axis of the hippocampus and a broader memory and planning network that we have long‐associated with such navigation tasks.
Numerical investigation of ferromagnetic liquid film flow over an unsteady stretching surface in the presence of radiation and aligned magnetic field
Authors: Azghar Pasha B. , Narayana M. , Sowmya G. , Ramachandramurthy V. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn investigation of the two‐dimensional unsteady flow of a thin layer of ferromagnetic liquid past a stretching sheet is performed. The flow is exposed to an external magnetic field in the axial direction along with the thermal radiation effect. Relevant Maxwell's equations are considered together with the conservation laws of fluid dynamics to model the problem. The mathematical model is constructed using a system of partial differential equations with relevant boundary conditions, which are transformed into two‐point boundary value problem (BVP) using similarity transformations. The resultant BVP is numerically solved by a shooting technique that involves Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg (RKF45) method to integrate the initial value problem and the Newton–Raphson method to refine the guessed initial values. The influence of the dimensionless parameters on the flow and heat exchange characteristics is graphically analyzed. It is found that the thickness of the film increases for higher values of the thermal radiation parameter. The thermal profile shows increasing behavior with the radiation parameter and reverse effect with the Prandtl number.
MHD radiative ohmic heating nanofluid flow of a stretching penetrable wedge: A numerical analysis
Authors: Dharmaiah Gurram , Dinarvand Saeed , Balamurugan K. S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe present numerical investigation has focused on the magnetohydrodynamics flow of a viscous nanofluid over a stretching wedge with the boundary convective conditions, thermal radiation, and ohmic heating. Buongiorno's two‐component nonhomogeneous nanoscale model was used and a dilute nanofluid with spherical type particles is considered. Similarity transformations are used to render the system of governing partial differential equations into a system of coupled similarity equations. The transformed equations are solved numerically with the BVP4C method. Validation of solutions with previous studies based on special cases of the general model is included. The salient features of fluid velocity profile, temperature as well as concentration profiles are discussed in a graphical manner for various values of selected governing factors. The skin friction coefficient, mass, and heat transfer rates are calculated and summarized. It is worthwhile noticing that the validation results exhibit an excellent agreement with already existing reports. The modeling of the present problem is useful in the thermal processing of sheet‐like substances that is a necessary operation in paper procurement, wire drawing, drawing of plastic films, polymeric sheets, and metal spinning.
Long‐short speculator sentiment in agricultural commodity markets
Authors: Borgards Oliver , Czudaj Robert L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper tests the hypothesis that long‐short speculators are able to generate short‐term investment returns based on their sentiment for 12 agricultural commodity futures. For this purpose, we dynamically model the equidirectional trading of long and short commodity futures of long‐short speculators as a proxy for their market sentiment. We find evidence that the sentiment period returns are considerably positive and differ significantly from neutral sentiment periods for all commodities, which underlines the sentiment's relevance. In line with the empirical literature, we can reject the argument of price manipulation as the price continues to develop into the direction of the sentiment period although long‐short speculators trade non‐directionally in the following. We rather indicate the existence of a short‐term time‐series momentum effect, which can be robustly identified without the requirement to define an external model parameter. From the superior sentiment‐based momentum returns, we conclude that long‐short speculators have valuable, exclusive information, which cannot be replicated by observing their trading activity with a time lag of eight trading days. We also find that a sentiment‐based momentum strategy generates significantly higher returns than the long‐short speculators have realised in the 15‐year sample period which we attribute to the complexity of the long‐short speculators' investment strategies.
Mild thrombocytopenia and the risk for postpartum hemorrhage in twin pregnancies
Authors: Attali Emmanuel , Epstein Danny , Lavie Michael , Lavie Anat , Reicher Lee , Yogev Yariv , Ashwal Eran , Hiersch Liran 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the association of mild thrombocytopenia with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and blood transfusion among women with twin gestations.MethodsA retrospective cohort study (Jan 2015 to May 2019) was performed. Women with twin pregnancies and pre‐delivery mild thrombocytopenia were compared to those with normal platelet count. The primary outcome was the rate of PPH, defined as a composite of one or more of the following: (1) need for packed red blood cell transfusion; (2) postpartum hemoglobin decline of ≥3 g/dL; and (3) the use of postpartum uterotonics agents in addition to oxytocin.ResultsOf 1085 women who were included in final analysis, 315 (30.9%) had mild thrombocytopenia (and 770 (69.1%) served as controls. The rate of PPH was increased in the study group (14% vs. 9.4%, P = 0.03), as was the use of uterotonic agents (3.8% vs. 1.3%, respectively, P = 0.02). The rate of blood product transfusion and hemoglobin decline >3 g/dL was not significantly different between the groups. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, mild thrombocytopenia was associated with a higher risk for PPH (OR 1.55 [95% CI 1.02–2.35], P = 0.02).ConclusionMild thrombocytopenia in twin pregnancies is associated with an increased risk of interventions such as the use of uterotonic agents.
Risk management, diversification, and profitability of commercial banks in Central Africa
Authors: Zogning Félix , Lenga Serge Didier 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article examines the impact of bank risks and diversification on the profitability of commercial banks in Central Africa. The results indicate that the credit risk and liquidity risk have a negative impact on the profitability of these banks. Moreover, credit risk is reduced more through credit rationing than through an in‐depth examination of the borrowers’ profile. Lastly, banks use diversification to compensate for revenues lost because of credit rationing.