bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Label‐Free Imaging of Membrane Potentials by Intramembrane Field Modulation, Assessed by Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy
Authors: de Coene Yovan , Jooken Stijn , Deschaume Olivier , Van Steenbergen Valérie , Vanden Berghe Pieter , Van den Haute Chris , Baekelandt Veerle , Callewaert Geert , Van Cleuvenbergen Stijn , Verbiest Thierry , Bartic Carmen , Clays Koen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOptical interrogation of cellular electrical activity has proven itself essential for understanding cellular function and communication in complex networks. Voltage‐sensitive dyes are important tools for assessing excitability but these highly lipophilic sensors may affect cellular function. Label‐free techniques offer a major advantage as they eliminate the need for these external probes. In this work, it is shown that endogenous second‐harmonic generation (SHG) from live cells is highly sensitive to changes in transmembrane potential (TMP). Simultaneous electrophysiological control of a living human embryonic kidney (HEK293T) cell, through a whole‐cell voltage‐clamp reveals a linear relation between the SHG intensity and membrane voltage. The results suggest that due to the high ionic strengths and fast optical response of biofluids, membrane hydration is not the main contributor to the observed field sensitivity. A conceptual framework is further provided that indicates that the SHG voltage sensitivity reflects the electric field within the biological asymmetric lipid bilayer owing to a nonzero tensor. Changing the TMP without surface modifications such as electrolyte screening offers high optical sensitivity to membrane voltage (≈40% per 100 mV), indicating the power of SHG for label‐free read‐out. These results hold promise for the design of a non‐invasive label‐free read‐out tool for electrogenic cells.
Employer‐provided health insurance: Are two options too many?
Authors: Collier Trevor , Williams Marlon 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExisting research shows that having numerous options can be overwhelming. Health economists have also demonstrated that individuals regularly fail to choose health insurance plans that minimize out‐of‐pocket costs or maximize expected utility. These failures are commonly attributed to choice overload, among other explanations. However, less has been written on how well people make choices when faced with only two options, particularly in the health insurance industry. In this article, we seek to add to this discussion by utilizing a proprietary database to analyze how well people choose between only two health insurance plans that are very similar in structure. Our findings indicate that many individuals still fail to choose health insurance plans that minimize out‐of‐pocket costs or maximize expected utility, even with this small and relatively simple choice set. This suggests that more research on nonstandard preferences, low insurance competence, consumer search tools, and smart defaults is needed to better understand the decision‐making process of health‐insurance consumers.
Analysis of trace parabens in environmental samples by highly efficient solid‐phase microextraction coupled with ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhang Qianchun , Yang Bingnian , Wen Ming , Wang Xingyi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWidespread use of parabens in consumer products has resulted in their ubiquitous existence in the environment including sewage, soil, and sewage sludge. Their potential for human health hazards has, therefore, raised significant public concerns. In this work, an effective in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction device based on a poly(4‐vinylphenylboronic acid‐co‐ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate) was combined with analysis with ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry for detecting parabens in sewage and soil samples, with the limits of detection ranged between 0.64 and 1.4 ng/L. Trace parabens in sewage and soil samples were determined, with amounts of four parabens in the range 0.0141–3.78 ng/g, whereas benzylparaben was not detected. Satisfactory recoveries were observed for the five parabens (86.4–113%), with relative standard deviations (n = 5) ranging between 2.1 and 6.0%. The results indicated that the developed method is prospective to expand in environmental monitoring.
Experimental and analytical studies of the dynamic behavior of particle dampers prepared with waste cement‐based materials
Authors: Wang Dianchao , Xiao Jianzhuang , Wang Chunhui , Lu Zheng , Ding Tao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe particle damper made of steel balls has a great capability of vibration attenuation. However, its noise causes serious problems in the comfortability of structures. In this study, waste concrete aggregates and powders are utilized as particles in particle dampers, aiming to reduce the generated noise and achieve comparable performance as well as better environmental and ecological benefits. The parameters, including damper type, particle materials, earthquake waves, particle number, and tunning frequency on the damping performance, are investigated through free vibration test and shaking table tests. The results show that the damping ratio and seismic performance of this novel damper are comparable to those of the steel particle dampers. Moreover, simulation was conducted based on theoretical analysis. Finally, the generated sound is tested and proved less than the commonly adopted steel ball damper. This study can encourage the application of particle dampers by reducing noise and cost, besides, promotes the environmental benefits by extending the usage of recycled building materials.
Phylogeny of Marsdenieae (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae) based on chloroplast and nuclear loci, with a conspectus of the genera
Authors: Liede‐Schumann Sigrid , Reuss Sebastian J. , Meve Ulrich , Gâteblé Gildas , Livshultz Tatyana , Forster Paul I. , Wanntorp Livia , Rodda Michele 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA densely sampled molecular phylogeny of the pantropical, predominantly forest‐dwelling tribe Marsdenieae (Apocynaceae) is presented, including almost a quarter of the ca. 740 species. Sampling focused on resolving the circumscription of Marsdenia, which ranges from Marsdenia sensu Bullock with less than 10 Asian species closely related to the type, M. tinctoria, to Marsdenia sensu Forster, with ca. 300 species distributed throughout the range of the tribe, encompassing the genera Cionura, Dregea, Gongronema, Gymnema, Leichhardtia, Stephanotis, and Wattakaka as synonyms. All analyses resolve two well‐supported clades: an Asia‐Pacific Clade that includes the large epiphytic Dischidia‐Hoya alliance and a number of Marsdenia species, among them the type M. tinctoria, and a Cosmopolitan Clade that includes most of the rest of Marsdenieae with several moderately to well‐supported subclades that span the entire geographic range of Marsdenieae. The position of two small genera, Rhyssolobium (southern Africa) and Sicyocarpus (Madagascar), is ambiguous. Given this topology, a monophyletic Marsdenia s.l. would subsume all species of Marsdenieae. Instead, we propose a classification that maintains Dischidia and Hoya as distinct genera. We revise generic circumscriptions, reducing Marsdenia s.str. to a small clade of Asian species. Two new genera, Gongreos gen. nov. and Gongronemopsis gen. nov., are described, with two and nine species, respectively. A total of twenty‐six new combinations, one new name, and six new synonyms are proposed. Three neotypes and eleven lectotypes are selected, and one 2nd step lectotypification is carried out. Diagnostic morphological characters for identified clades are discussed. Biogeographic analysis retrieves tropical Asia as most likely ancestral area for Marsdenieae, with widespread tropical Asia‐Africa almost equally likely. The first‐branching lineages in both major clades are tropical Asian; the Asia‐Pacific Clade comprises a sizeable radiation in the Pacific area, with two dispersals from Australia to New Caledonia. The Cosmopolitan Clade comprises several genera (Gongronemopsis, Gymnema, Stephanotis, Telosma) widespread in Africa and tropical Asia, and some also in Madagascar, and the New World genus Ruehssia.
Monitoring diet with automated microhistology
Authors: Shively Rachel D. , Barboza Perry S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMicroscopic analysis of indigestible fragments (microhistology) has long been used to monitor diets of wildlife, but the method is slow and difficult to replicate. We automated microhistology analysis by training a computer vision network to quantify the percent slide cover of identified fragments. We compared automated and manual analyses for 3 reference mixes with known proportions of plants and for samples of feces collected during the fall of 2016 and 2017 from white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and goats (Capra aegagrus) with access to the same plants in the wild at the Sonora Research Station, Edward's Plateau, Texas. Consistent size and shape of fragments for grass (Bothriochloa ischaemum) and conifer (Juniperus ashei) were associated with absolute errors of 6 to 16% for both methods. Irregular fragments of leaves and acorns of oak (Quercus virginiana) were underestimated by both methods. Small star‐shaped trichomes of a forb (Croton fruticulosus) were underestimated by computer analysis but overestimated by manual analysis. Fecal fragments from deer were more diverse in plant species and more variable in thickness and shape than those of goats. Computer analysis estimated conifer content of the goat diet within 4% of the manual estimate whereas those estimates for deer were up to 35% greater than the manual estimate. Automated analysis of digital images can increase the rigor of microhistology by expanding the size of sample sets and facilitating the routine use of calibrated references to assess errors in estimates of diet.
Gene Manipulation in Hydractinia
Authors: Chrysostomou Eleni , Febrimarsa  , DuBuc Timothy , Frank Uri 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe ability to regenerate lost body parts is irregularly distributed among animals, with substantial differences in regenerative potential between and within metazoan phyla. It is widely believed that regenerative animal clades inherited some aspects of their capacity to regenerate from their common ancestors but have also evolved new mechanisms that are not shared with other regenerative animals. Therefore, to gain a broad understanding of animal regenerative mechanisms and evolution, a broad sampling approach is necessary. Unfortunately, only few regenerative animals have been established as laboratory models with protocols for functional gene studies. Here, we describe the methods to establish transgenic individuals of the marine cnidarian Hydractinia. We also provide methods for transient gene expression manipulation without modifying the genome of the animals.
Random Integration Transgenesis in a Free-Living Regenerative Flatworm Macrostomum lignano
Authors: Wudarski Jakub , Ustyantsev Kirill , Reinoite Filipa , Berezikov Eugene 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRegeneration-capable flatworms are highly informative research models to study the mechanisms of stem cell regulation, regeneration, and tissue patterning. Transgenesis is a powerful research tool for investigating gene function, but until recently, a transgenesis method was missing in flatworms, hampering their wider adoption in biomedical research. Here we describe a detailed protocol to create stable transgenic lines of the flatworm M. lignano using random integration of DNA constructs through microinjection into single-cell stage embryos.
Creating a User-Friendly and Open-Access Gene Expression Database for Comparing Embryonic Development and Regeneration in Nematostella vectensis
Authors: Croce Olivier , Röttinger Eric 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe sea anemoneNematostella vectensishas emerged as a powerful research model to understand at the gene regulatory network level, to what extend regeneration recapitulates embryonic development. Such comparison involves massive transcriptomic analysis, a routine approach for identifying differential gene expression. Here we present a workflow to build a user-friendly, mineable, and open-access database providing access to the scientific community to various RNAseq datasets.
Impact of recent (g − 2)μ measurement on the light CP-even Higgs scenario in general Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model
Authors: Cao Junjie , Lian Jingwei , Pan Yusi , Yue Yuanfang , Zhang Di 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe General Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (GNMSSM) is an attractive theory that is free from the tadpole problem and the domain-wall problem ofZ3-NMSSM, and can form an economic secluded dark matter (DM) sector to naturally predict the DM experimental results. It also provides mechanisms to easily and significantly weaken the constraints from the LHC search for supersymmetric particles. These characteristics enable the theory to explain the recently measured muon anomalous magnetic moment, (g− 2)μ, in a broad parameter space that is consistent with all experimental results and at same time keeps the electroweak symmetry breaking natural. This work focuses on a popular scenario of the GNMSSM in which the next-to-lightest CP-even Higgs boson corresponds to the scalar discovered at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Both analytic formulae and a sophisticated numerical study show that in order to predict the scenario without significant tunings of relevant parameters, the Higgsino massμtot≲ 500 GeV and tanβ≲ 30 are preferred. This character, if combined with the requirement to account for the (g −2)μanomaly, will entail some light sparticles and make the LHC constraints very tight. As a result, this scenario can explain the muon anomalous magnetic moment in very narrow corners of its parameter space.
Primary or revision arthroplasty with an integrated acetabular cup—MUTARS® RS cup system
Authors: Janko Maren , Verboket René , Genari Maria , Frank Johannes , Marzi Ingo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction
The aim of this article is to show a new concept of indication and application of the MUTARS® RS Cup System in primary and revision hip arthroplasty. This integrated system is applicable for different acetabular cup replacements in patients with acetabular fractures or instable defects, as well as periprosthetic acetabular fractures. The MUTARS® RS Cup System is a cementless revision cup for insertion into the acetabulum with an integrated polyethylene cup, which fits to a regular or bipolar head. This system replaces the conventional approach for acetabular revision with a Burch-Schneider ring, in which a normal polyethylene cup is cemented. This interface with its complications is avoided with this system of a titanium revision cup with integrated polyethylene cup. Steps of preoperative planning and the intraoperative implementation will be highlighted in this article.

Material and methods
This system was applied in 49 patients with 52 MUTARS® RS Cup Implantations in 30 males, 22 females, with an average age of 76,1 years (36,9–94,4 years).

Results and discussion
The system shows a good operative feasibility, as well as a reliable handling and safe method for stable treatment of non-reconstructable acetabular fractures or acetabular incongruencies and instabilities.
Verzögerte Lokalreaktion mit subkutaner Infiltration nach Impfung mit mRNA-1273 – ein bisher unbeschriebenes Reaktionsmuster eines COVID-Arms
Authors: Kofler Lukas , Forchhammer Stephan 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Impfstoff mRNA-1273 gegen SARS-CoV‑2 wurde Anfang 2021 in Europa zugelassen. Inzwischen liegen einige Fallberichte zu verzögerten Lokalreaktionen nach Impfung vor („COVID-Arm“). Es wurden dabei oberflächliche lymphozytäre Infiltrate beschrieben, jedoch keine Beteiligung der tiefen Dermis oder Subkutis. Wir berichten über den Fall eines gesunden 32-jährigen Mannes mit Beteiligung der tiefen Dermis und Subkutis nach Impfung mit mRNA-1273. Dieser Fall zeigt erstmals eine verzögerte T‑Zell-vermittelte Reaktion mit tiefem Reaktionsmuster, wobei sich das dermale perivaskuläre und periadnexiale Infiltrat von der papillären Dermis bis in die tiefe retikuläre Dermis und die Subkutis erstreckte. Es zeigte sich ein überwiegend lymphozytäres Infiltrat mit einer Beimischung von Histiozyten und neutrophilen Granulozyten, vereinzelten Mastzellen und spärlichen eosinophilen Granulozyten.
Efficient multi-stage aerodynamic topology optimization using an operator-based analytical differentiation
Authors: Ghasemi Ali , Elham Ali 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA high-performance density-based topology optimization tool is presented for laminar flows with focus on 2D and 3D aerodynamic problems via OpenFOAM software. Density-based methods are generally robust in terms of initial design, making them suitable for designing purposes. However, these methods require relatively fine resolutions for external flow problems to accurately capture the solid-fluid interfaces on Cartesian meshes, which makes them computationally very expensive, particularly for 3D problems. To address such high computational costs, two techniques are developed here. Firstly, an operator-based analytical differentiation (OAD) is proposed, which efficiently computes the exact partial derivatives of the flow solver (simpleFOAM). OAD also facilitates a convenient development process by minimizing hand-coding and utilizing the chain-rule technique, in contrast to full hand-differentiation, which is very complex and prone to implementation errors. Secondly, a multi-stage design process is proposed to further reduce the computational costs. In this technique, instead of using a fixed refined mesh, the optimization processes are initiated with a coarse mesh, and the converged solutions are projected to a locally refined mesh (as an initial guess) for a secondary optimization stage, which can be repeated to obtain a sufficient accuracy. A set of 2D and 3D laminar aerodynamic problems were studied, which promisingly confirmed the utility of the present approach, which can be adopted as a starting point for developing a design tool for large-scale aerodynamic engineering applications. In addition, the 3D problems indicated that less than $$3\%$$

3
%

of total optimization CPU-time is devoted to OAD, and multi-staging up to $$45\%$$

45
%

has reduced the overall costs.
Different injury patterns exist among patients undergoing operative treatment of isolated PCL, combined PCL/ACL, and isolated ACL injuries: a study from the Swedish National Knee Ligament Registry
Authors: Zsidai Bálint , Horvath Alexandra , Winkler Philipp W. , Narup Eric , Kaarre Janina , Svantesson Eleonor , Musahl Volker , Hamrin Senorski Eric , Samuelsson Kristian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To compare demographic characteristics and concomitant injury patterns in patients undergoing primary isolated posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (PCL-R) and combined posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (PCL-R/ACL-R) with isolated ACL reconstruction (ACL-R) as a reference using data from the Swedish National Knee Ligament Registry (SNKLR).

Methods
This cohort study based on the SNKLR comprised patients undergoing either PCL-R, ACL-R, or combined PCL-R/ACL-R between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2019 in Sweden. Demographic and surgery-related data with regards to injury mechanism, concomitant intraarticular lesions and their treatment, neurovascular damage, and concomitant ligamentous injuries were extracted. Exclusion criteria included concomitant fractures of the femur, fibula, patella or tibia, and quadriceps or patellar tendon injury.

Results
A total of 45,564 patients were included in this study. Isolated PCL-R, combined PCL-R/ACL-R, and isolated ACL-R were performed in 192 (0.4%), 203 (0.5%) and 45,169 (99.1%) patients, respectively. Sports were identified as the cause of 64% of PCL-Rs, 54% of PCL-R/ACL-Rs, and 89% of ACL-Rs, while a traffic-related mechanism was identified in 20% of PCL-Rs, 27% of PCL-R/ACL-Rs and 2% of ACL-Rs. Meniscus injury prevalence was 45% in ACL-Rs, 31% in PCL-R/ACL-Rs and 16% in isolated PCL-Rs (p < 0.001). Cartilage injuries were more common in PCL-R (37%) and PCL-R/ACL-R patients (40%) compared to ACL-R patients (26%, p < 0.001). Concomitant knee ligament injury was identified in 28–44% of PCL-R/ACL-R patients. Neurovascular injuries were present in 9% of PCL-R/ACL-Rs, 1% of PCL-Rs, and 0.3% of ACL-Rs (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Differences in injury mechanisms among patient groups confirm that operatively treated PCL tears are frequently caused by both traffic and sports. Cartilage and ligament injuries were more frequent in patients with PCL-R compared to ACL-R. Consequently, combined PCL and ACL tears should raise suspicion for concomitant knee lesions with clinical relevance during the operative treatment of these complex injuries.

Level of evidence
III.
Biotransformation of artemisinin to a novel derivative via ring rearrangement by Aspergillus niger
Authors: Luo Jiaer , Mobley Rebecca , Woodfine Sian , Drijfhout Falko , Horrocks Paul , Ren Xiao-Dong , Li Wen-Wu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Artemisinin is a component part of current frontline medicines for the treatment of malaria. The aim of this study is to make analogues of artemisinin using microbial transformation and evaluate their in vitro antimalarial activity. A panel of microorganisms were screened for biotransformation of artemisinin (1). The biotransformation products were extracted, purified and isolated using silica gel column chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC. Spectroscopic methods including LC-HRMS, GC–MS, FT-IR, 1D and 2D NMR were used to elucidate the structure of the artemisinin metabolites.1H NMR spectroscopy was further used to study the time-course biotransformation. The antiplasmodial activity (IC50) of the biotransformation products of 1 against intraerythrocytic cultures of Plasmodium falciparum were determined using bioluminescence assays. A filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger CICC 2487 was found to possess the best efficiency to convert artemisinin (1) to a novel derivative, 4-methoxy-9,10-dimethyloctahydrofuro-(3,2-i)-isochromen-11(4H)-one (2) via ring rearrangement and further degradation, along with three known derivatives, compound (3), deoxyartemisinin (4) and 3-hydroxy-deoxyartemisinin (5). Kinetic study of the biotransformation of artemisinin indicated the formation of artemisinin G as a key intermediate which could be hydrolyzed and methylated to form the new compound 2. Our study shows that the anti-plasmodial potency of compounds 2, 3, 4 and 5 were ablated compared to 1, which attributed to the loss of the unique peroxide bridge in artemisinin (1). This is the first report of microbial degradation and ring rearrangement of artemisinin with subsequent hydrolysis and methoxylation by A.niger.

Key points
• Aspergillus niger CICC 2487 was found to be efficient for biotransformation of artemisinin
• A novel and unusual artemisinin derivative was isolated and elucidated
• The peroxide bridge in artemisinin is crucial for its high antimalarial potency
• The pathway of biotransformation involves the formation of artemisinin G as a key intermediate