bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Best practice assessments for autism spectrum disorders in schools
Authors: Christopher Kourtney , Lord Catherine 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe heterogeneous nature of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) makes accurate diagnosis challenging. Best practice assessments in schools can open pathways to appropriate interventions and educational placements for those with ASD, as well as help identify a student's strengths. There are various tools used in school settings to assess autism. In this review, we briefly discuss those instruments with a specific focus on the use of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule‐Second Edition (ADOS‐2), one of the most widely used and well‐researched assessment tools. We address special considerations that may impact the psychometric properties of the ADOS‐2 as well as outline practical implications and recommendations for practitioners in schools.
Meeting the Needs of a Potent Carrier for Malaria Treatment: Encapsulation of Artemisone in Poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) Micro‐ and Nanoparticles
Authors: Heidari Mina , Golenser Jacob , Greiner Andreas 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBiodegradable polymer nano‐ and microparticles are of interest as drug carriers due to their capability to modulate drug release. Two different methods, including solvent displacement and spray drying, are used, resulting in the fabrication of Artemisone (ART)‐loaded polymeric nano‐ and microparticles, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and asymmetric flow field flow fractionation (AF4) are employed to evaluate the morphology and size of the particles. The encapsulation and loading efficiency of the drug as well as cumulative release are characterized using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). HPLC results confirm that the spray drying method provides higher encapsulation efficiencies of about 97%, whereas, in nanoparticles prepared by solvent displacement, the highest encapsulation efficiency is 71%. Using these production methods, round‐shaped particles with homogeneous size distribution are fabricated. Moreover, the preparation procedure is optimized to obtain particles with the highest encapsulation and drug loading efficiency. Using the solvent displacement method, stable dispersions in water are obtained without adding any surfactant, whereas, for spray‐dried microparticles, tween 80 is needed to redisperse particles. The micro‐ and nanoparticles show different release properties, which are of interest for drug delivery application of hydrophobic drugs like ART.
A structural model of the human plasminogen and Aspergillus fumigatus enolase complex
Authors: Nguyen Stephanie , Jovcevski Blagojce , Truong Jia Q. , Pukala Tara L. , Bruning John B. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe metabolic enzyme, enolase, plays a crucial role in the cytoplasm where it maintains cellular energy production within the process of glycolysis. The main role of enolase in glycolysis is to convert 2‐phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate; however, enolase can fulfill roles that deviate from this function. In pathogenic bacteria and fungi, enolase is also located on the cell surface where it functions as a virulence factor. Surface‐expressed enolase is a receptor for human plasma proteins, including plasminogen, and this interaction facilitates nutrient acquisition and tissue invasion. A novel approach to developing antifungal drugs is to inhibit the formation of this complex. To better understand the structure of enolase and the interactions that may govern complex formation, we have solved the first X‐ray crystal structure of enolase from Aspergillus fumigatus (2.0 Å) and have shown that it preferentially adopts a dimeric quaternary structure using native mass spectrometry. Two additional X‐ray crystal structures of A. fumigatus enolase bound to the endogenous substrate 2‐phosphoglycerate and product phosphoenolpyruvate were determined and kinetic characterization was carried out to better understand the details of its canonical function. From these data, we have produced a model of the A. fumigatus enolase and human plasminogen complex to provide structural insights into the mechanisms of virulence and aid future development of small molecules or peptidomimetics for antifungal drug design.
Stochastic modeling and availability optimization of condenser used in steam turbine power plants using GA and PSO
Authors: Saini Monika , Gupta Nivedita , Shankar Venkatesh Gauri , Kumar Ashish 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe prominent objective of the present study is to optimize the availability of condenser units in steam turbine power plants. For this purpose, a novel stochastic model is proposed by considering a condenser as a system consisting of seven subsystems. All the time‐dependent random variables associated with failure rates followed exponential distribution while repair rates are arbitrarily distributed. Furthermore, to attain the optimum value of system availability nature‐inspired algorithm has been applied. Predicting the future phenomena is very difficult and most of the existing algorithms have some limitations like stuck at local minima, and slow convergence rate, and so forth. So, in this study proposed model has been optimized using a genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO)The expressions for steady‐state availability of the system have been assessed using Chapman‐Kolmogorov differential‐difference equations developed by applying the Markov birth‐death process. The supplementary variable technique has been adopted to solve differential‐difference equationsFor a comparative analysis, the steady‐state values, GA, and PSO results are compared. It is revealed that the GA gives the maximum value of availability as 0.9886 corresponding to crossover probability 0.65, population size 50, evaluation 300, and mutation probability 0.5. While using PSO optimum availability value is 0.998152 at 27 iterations, population 55, inertia weight 1, damping ratio 0.85, personal best 1.5, and global best 2. So, PSO results outperform the steady‐state and GA results. It is revealed that mixed bed filter and ejector are the most sensitive components of the condenser those influences most the system effectiveness.
Anaesthetic management of a cat with diabetes mellitus undergoing glucagonoma excision
Authors: Martín Bellido Valeria , Monticelli Paolo , Vettorato Enzo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn 11‐year‐old, 3.3 kg, male neutered, domestic longhair cat with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus was referred for surgical excision of a glucagonoma – a pancreatic tumour that produces an excessive amount of glucagon. Methadone was administered intravenously, and anaesthesia was induced intravenously with alfaxalone and maintained with sevoflurane in 100% oxygen. An extradural catheter was placed at the lumbo‐sacral site and its tip was advanced approximately to the second lumbar vertebrae. Preservative‐free buprenorphine and 0.5% levobupivacaine were administered. Intraoperatively, haemodynamic changes were monitored using a non‐invasive cardiac output monitor. During anaesthesia, hyperglycaemia and hypotension were the two main complications recorded. Postoperative analgesia was provided administering 0.25% levobupivacaine extradurally every 4 hours for the first 24 hours. The blood glucose concentration decreased postoperatively, and insulin administration was restarted 7 hours after surgery when the cat started eating voluntarily. No other complications occurred, and the cat was discharged from the hospital 72 hours after the surgery.
Software update: The ORCA program system—Version 5.0
Authors: Neese Frank 
Published: March 2022

AbstractVersion 5.0 of the ORCA quantum chemistry program suite was released in July 2021. ORCA 5.0 represents a major improvement over all previous versions of ORCA and features (1) highly improved performance, (2) increased numerical robustness, (3) a host of new functionality, and (4) greatly improved user friendliness. The article describes the most salient features of the program.This article is categorized under:
Electronic Structure Theory > Ab Initio Electronic Structure Methods
Data Science > Computer Algorithms and Programming
Software > Quantum Chemistry
Pyrolysis and gasification at water resource recovery facilities: Status of the industry
Authors: Winchell Lloyd J. , Ross John J. , Brose Dominic A. , Pluth Thaís B. , Fonoll Xavier , Norton John W. , Bell Katherine Y. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWastewater treatment generates solids requiring subsequent processing. Costs and contaminant concerns (e.g., per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances [PFAS]) are challenging widely used landfilling and land application practices. These circumstances are partly driving the re‐emergence of pyrolysis and gasification technologies along with beneficial reuse prospects of the char solid residual. Previously, technologies experienced operational challenges leading to revised configurations, such as directly coupling a thermal oxidizer to the reactor to destroy tar forming compounds. This paper provides an overview of pyrolysis and gasification technologies, characteristics of the char product, air emission considerations, and potential fate of PFAS and other pollutants through the systems. Results from a survey of viable suppliers illustrate differences in commercially available options. Additional research is required to validate performance over the long‐term operation and confirm contaminant fate, which will help determine whether resurging interest in pyrolysis and gasification warrants widespread adoption.Practitioner Points

Pyrolysis and gasification systems are re‐emerging in the wastewater industry.
Direct coupling of thermal oxidizers and other modifications offered by contemporary systems aim to overcome past failures.
Process conditions when coupled with a thermal oxidizer will likely destroy most organic contaminants, including PFAS, but requires additional research.
Three full‐scale facilities recently operated, several in construction or design that will provide operating experience for widespread technology adoption consideration.
Requirements Engineering in the Market Dialogue Phase of Public Procurement: A Case Study of an Innovation Partnership for Medical Technology
Authors: Brataas Gunnar , Hanssen Geir Kjetil , Qiu Xinlu , Græslie Lisa S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractContext and Motivation: In 2016, the European Union introduced ‘innovation partnerships’ to facilitate innovative development of the EU through public procurement. Requirements engineering is one of the main challenges in the public procurement of innovative products. Nevertheless, there is little empirical research on public procurement, particularly managing requirements in the pre-tender dialogue phase between potential suppliers and problem owners.Question/Problem: This paper investigates the market dialogue phase of an innovation partnership project in Norway. We aim to understand critical factors of the dialogue phase that clarify and focus needs and requirements. This leads to the research question: How can we clarify and focus needs and requirements for a new solution in the market dialogue phase?Principal Ideas/Results: We have conducted a case study at a major Norwegian hospital. The objective of this innovation partnership is to make the emergency room in a Norwegian hospital more efficient. The case study illustrates how requirements have been developed by the joint effort of the procurement team, the active engagement of potential suppliers, and the learning and mutual trust between them. By discussing the vision and getting feedback on opportunities and limitations in existing and projected technologies, the procurement team has refined their ambition and focused on the core of the innovation.Contribution: This paper contributes to the literature on requirement engineering in public procurement by describing how requirements are focused during the dialogue phase of an innovation partnership facilitated by a cross-functional procurement team with sufficient competencies, resources, and trust.
An ecological study of temporal trends in ‘deaths of despair’ in England and Wales
Authors: Augarde Elizabeth , Gunnell David , Mars Becky , Hickman Matthew 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeThere is growing interest in the concept of ‘deaths of despair’ (DoD)—defined as deaths from three causes: suicide, drug poisoning, and alcohol-related conditions—as a more comprehensive indicator of the impact of psychological distress on mortality. The purpose of this study is to investigate the degree of commonality in trends and geographic patterning of deaths from these causes in England and Wales.MethodsWHO mortality data were used to calculate age-standardised, sex-specific temporal trends in DoD mortality and in mortality from suicide, drug poisonings, and alcohol-related conditions in England and Wales, 2001–2016. Three-year average crude rates were calculated for English local authorities for 2016–2018 and associations between rates were assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation.ResultsBetween 2001 and 2016, the DoD mortality rate increased by 21·6% (males) and 16·9% (females). The increase was largely due to a rise in drug poisoning deaths, with limited tracking between trends in mortality by each cause. DoD mortality risk was highest in middle-aged people; there were rises in all age groups except 15–24 year old males and 65 + females. There were strong positive correlations (r = 0.66(males) and 0.60(females)) between local authority-area drug poisoning and alcohol-specific mortality rates in 2016–2018. Correlations of these outcomes with suicide were weaker (r = 0.29–0.54).ConclusionsDoD mortality is increasing in England and Wales but there is limited evidence of commonality in the epidemiology of cause-specific mortality from the component causes of DoD (suicide, drug poisoning and alcohol-related conditions), indicating the need for tailored prevention for each outcome.
Spectroscopic investigation of faeces with surface-enhanced Raman scattering: a case study with coeliac patients on gluten-free diet
Authors: Fornasaro Stefano , Esposito Alessandro , Florian Fiorella , Pallavicini Alberto , De Leo Luigina , Not Tarcisio , Lagatolla Cristina , Mezzarobba Marica , Di Silvestre Alessia , Sergo Valter , Bonifacio Alois 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSurface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of faecal samples can be obtained by adding AuNP to their methanol extracts according to the reported protocol, and display bands that are due to bilirubin-like species but also to xanthine and hypoxanthine, two metabolic products secreted by gut bacteria. A total of 27 faecal samples from three different groups, i.e. coeliac patients (n = 9), coeliac patients on gluten-free diet (n = 10) and a control group (n = 8), were characterized with both SERS spectroscopy and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis. Significant differences are present between SERS spectra of coeliac patients and those on gluten-free diet, with a marked increase in the relative intensity of both xanthine and hypoxanthine for the latter. Interestingly, these differences do not correlate with bacterial composition as derived from 16S rRNA sequencing.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Robotic Surgery From 2001 to 2021
Authors: Musbahi A. , Rao C. B. , Immanuel A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionBibliometric analyses are a method of evaluating the quality of research output in a certain domain. Robotic surgery has made vast leaps during the past 20 years and this paper aimed to assess some of the main areas of research using this method.MethodsA search was undertaken for documents published between 2001 and 2021 from the World of Science database, using the keywords ‘robotic surgery’, ‘robotic assisted surgery’ and ‘robotic‐assisted surgery. Results were compared using numerous bibliometric methodologies, and stratified by source‐specific metrics, author‐specific metrics and country‐specific metrics.ResultsThe search yielded 3839 documents, from 879 different sources. Only 2% of sources were found to be within Bradford's Zone 1 of research and the most relevant sources were from the field of urology. The Journal of Urology and Surgical Endoscopy and other Techniques ranked highly among metrics such as H, G, M index and total citations. The top‐rated authors had a H index of 15 in the field of robotic surgery and the total citations reached a peak at 1342. The USA, Japan and Italy were the most productive nations and increased collaborative research is leading to a greater number of multiple‐centre publications.ConclusionResearch into robotic surgery is still in its infancy with further reviews of the literature and greater output through large randomised controlled trials in multiple centres through collaborative research needed.
Diagnosis of joint invasion in patients with malignant bone tumors: value and reproducibility of direct and indirect signs on MR imaging
Authors: Bodden Jannis , Neumann Jan , Rasper Michael , Fingerle Alexander A. , Knebel Carolin , von Eisenhart-Rothe Rüdiger , Specht Katja , Mogler Carolin , Bollwein Christine , Schwaiger Benedikt J. , Gersing Alexandra S. , Woertler Klaus 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the performance and reproducibility of MR imaging features in the diagnosis of joint invasion (JI) by malignant bone tumors.

Methods
MR images of patients with and without JI (n = 24 each), who underwent surgical resection at our institution, were read by three radiologists. Direct (intrasynovial tumor tissue (ITT), intraarticular destruction of cartilage/bone, invasion of capsular/ligamentous insertions) and indirect (tumor size, signal alterations of epiphyseal/transarticular bone (bone marrow replacement/edema-like), synovial contrast enhancement, joint effusion) signs of JI were assessed. Odds ratios, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and reproducibilities (Cohen’s and Fleiss’ κ) were calculated for each feature. Moreover, the diagnostic performance of combinations of direct features was assessed.

Results
Forty-eight patients (28.7 ± 21.4 years, 26 men) were evaluated. All readers reliably assessed the presence of JI (sensitivity = 92–100 %; specificity = 88–100%, respectively). Best predictors for JI were direct visualization of ITT (OR = 186–229, p < 0.001) and destruction of intraarticular bone (69–324, p < 0.001). Direct visualization of ITT was also highly reliable in assessing JI (sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV = 92–100 %), with excellent reproducibility (κ = 0.83). Epiphyseal bone marrow replacement and synovial contrast enhancement were the most sensitive indirect signs, but lacked specificity (29–54%). By combining direct signs with high specificity, sensitivity was increased (96 %) and specificity (100 %) was maintained.

Conclusion
JI by malignant bone tumors can reliably be assessed on preoperative MR images with high sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility. Particularly direct visualization of ITT, destruction of intraarticular bone, and a combination of highly specific direct signs were valuable, while indirect signs were less predictive and specific.

Key Points
• Direct visualization of intrasynovial tumor was the single most sensitive and specific (92–100%) MR imaging sign of joint invasion.
• Indirect signs of joint invasion, such as joint effusion or synovial enhancement, were less sensitive and specific compared to direct signs.
• A combination of the most specific direct signs of joint invasion showed best results with perfect specificity and PPV (both 100%) and excellent sensitivity and NPV (both 96 %).
Learning the shape of female breasts: an open-access 3D statistical shape model of the female breast built from 110 breast scans
Authors: Weiherer Maximilian , Eigenberger Andreas , Egger Bernhard , Brébant Vanessa , Prantl Lukas , Palm Christoph 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe present theRegensburg Breast Shape Model(RBSM)—a 3D statistical shape model of the female breast built from 110 breast scans acquired in a standing position, and the first publicly available. Together with the model, a fully automated, pairwise surface registration pipeline used to establish dense correspondence among 3D breast scans is introduced. Our method is computationally efficient and requires only four landmarks to guide the registration process. A major challenge when modeling female breasts from surface-only 3D breast scans is the non-separability of breast and thorax. In order to weaken the strong coupling between breast and surrounding areas, we propose to minimize thevarianceoutside the breast region as much as possible. To achieve this goal, a novel concept calledbreast probability masks(BPMs) is introduced. A BPM assigns probabilities to each point of a 3D breast scan, telling howlikelyit is that a particular point belongs to the breast area. During registration, we use BPMs to align the template to the target as accurately as possibleinsidethe breast region and only roughly outside. This simple yet effective strategy significantly reduces the unwanted variance outside the breast region, leading to better statistical shape models in which breast shapes are quite well decoupled from the thorax. The RBSM is thus able to produce a variety of different breast shapes as independently as possible from the shape of the thorax. Our systematic experimental evaluation reveals a generalization ability of 0.17 mm and a specificity of 2.8 mm. To underline the expressiveness of the proposed model, we finally demonstrate in two showcase applications how the RBSM can be used for surgical outcome simulation and the prediction of a missing breast from the remaining one. Our model is available athttps://www.rbsm.re-mic.de/.
Velocity-based resistance training: do women need greater velocity loss to maximize adaptations?
Authors: Rissanen J. , Walker S. , Pareja-Blanco F. , Häkkinen K. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Men and women typically display different neuromuscular characteristics, force–velocity relationships, and differing strength deficit (upper vs. lower body). Thus, it is not clear how previous recommendations for training with velocity-loss resistance training based on data in men will apply to women. This study examined the inter-sex differences in neuromuscular adaptations using 20% and 40% velocity-loss protocols in back squat and bench press exercises.

Methods
The present study employed an 8-week intervention (2 × week) comparing 20% vs. 40% velocity-loss resistance training in the back squat and bench press exercises in young men and women (~ 26 years). Maximum strength (1-RM) and submaximal-load mean propulsive velocity (MPV) for low- and high-velocity lifts in squat and bench press, countermovement jump and vastus lateralis cross-sectional area were measured at pre-, mid-, and post-training. Surface EMG of quadriceps measured muscle activity during performance tests.

Results
All groups increased 1-RM strength in squat and bench press exercises, as well as MPV using submaximal loads and countermovement jump height (P < 0.05). No statistically significant between-group differences were observed, but higher magnitudes following 40% velocity loss in 1-RM (g = 0.60) and in low- (g = 1.42) and high-velocity (g = 0.98) lifts occurred in women. Training-induced improvements were accompanied by increases in surface EMG amplitude and vastus lateralis cross-sectional area.

Conclusion
Similar increases in strength and power performance were observed in men and women over 8 weeks of velocity-based resistance training. However, some results suggest that strength and power gains favor using 40% rather than 20% velocity loss in women.