bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Justification of parameters of a finger hump of potato harvesters when vibrating canvas
Authors: Beznosyuk R V , Evtekhov D V , Borychev S N , Kostenko M Y , Rembalovich G K 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Potato harvesting in Ryazan region is due to the short harvesting period and difficult soil and climatic conditions, making the process of soil separation difficult because soil sifting by separating working bodies is difficult. Therefore, a significant part of the load falls on external separation organs or a finger hump. To intensify the separation, a multi-cam shaker was installed under the canvas of the finger hump, which made it possible to select the required frequency and amplitude of oscillations. To improve the quality of the separation of components when finger humps working, it is important to ensure the relative movement of the components of the potato heap through the fingers of the hump. The direct transverse bending of the finger under the influence of the potato heap weight was studied, considering the dynamic loads when the canvas is tossed. Knowing the dependence of the vibration accelerations of the finger hump, the frequency of rotation of the multi-cam shaker in the range from 50 to 150 rpm and the angle of inclination of the finger hump from 25° to 35°, the velocities and acceleration of vibrations were obtained on the basis of which the parameters of the finger hump were calculated. They were as follows: Young’s modulus - E was 20·106 Pa, the height of the elastic part of the finger was 0.06 m, the diameter of the finger was 0.012-0.016 m, the stiffness of the finger was 3.7-4.8 N/m.To check the obtained parameters of the longitudinal finger hump with an installed shaker, a laboratory setup was developed. When conducting experimental studies, it was found that the highest values of the completeness of separation corresponded to the following values of factors: the rotational speed of the shaker was 130 rpm and the angle of inclination of the hump canvas was 34°.
Investigation of the combustion process of a diesel engine when working on a mixed fuel
Authors: Buzikov Sh V , Plotnikov S A , Shipin A I , Biryukov A L , Kartashevich A N 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The aim of the study is dependences of the indicators of the combustion process of a diesel engine when it is operating on various mixed fuel (MF). For this, an experimental setup was developed. As a result of the studies carried out, for the first time, combined indicator diagrams and the dependences of the averaged cycle temperature on the crankshaft angle were obtained when the diesel engine is operating on various MF. Data analysis showed a decrease in the maximum pressure in the cylinder from 11.5 to 11 MPa, the maximum and average rate of pressure rise from 0.65 to 0.5 and 0.24 to 0,2 MPa/degree, respectively, shortening the fast combustion phase from 6.5 to 4.2 degrees and the period of slowed-down combustion from 40 to 34 degrees, a decrease in the average temperature of the cycle from 2920 to 2810 K, an increase in the apparent combustion pressure from 7.4 to 7.6 MPa, the ignition delay period from 20.4 up to 22.5 degrees, increasing the period of controlled combustion from 10 to 14 degrees, the period of the main combustion by 4 degrees when the share of rapeseed oil in MF changes from 0 to 80%.
Influence of power fluid filtration quality on hydroficated machine and operability efficiency
Authors: Karnaukhov I V , Sorokin E A , Nikitin A A , Abramov V V , Pankiv M D 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper concerns different types of power fluid in hydraulic drives of mechanical vehicles. It also considers filtering methods of fluid power systems. The importance of research is established by technology assessment of fluid discharge strainers for power fluid filtration.
Ontogenetic features of the morphology of hemolymph cells in Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) as an indicator of biodiversity
Authors: Ermak M V , Matsishina N V , Fisenko P V , Sobko O A , Volkov D I 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Insect hemocytes are a complex of different types of cells that differ morphologically and functionally. The study of morphological variability of hemocytes Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) was carried out, eight types of cells were identified: spherulocytes, enocytoids, adipohemocytes, prohemocytes, plasma cells, granulocytes, cystocytes and phagocytes. The predominant type of hemocytes at all stages of ontogenesis are prohemocytes. In the hemolymph of larvae, the most numerous are prohemocytes with a basophilic nucleus (32.07%), prohemocytes with an eosinophilic nucleus (38.12%), and plasmatocytes (19.4%). The pupa is characterized by prohemocytes (64.3%), the sizes of which coincided with those of the adults (10.09 ± 2.11 and 9.45 ± 1.85 µm). At the adult stage, adipohemocytes, enocytoids and cystocytes were found, which were not observed at the larval stage. The size of hemocytes changed depending on the stage of ontogenesis. Thus, it was found that the cellular composition of the Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata hemolymph is the same for the adult and pupal stages, but it has differences in the dimensional characteristics of the formed elements. The larval stage has its own characteristics in the cellular composition of the hemolymph: the absence of three types of hemocytes and the formation of two subtypes of prohemocytes.
Landscape-species national inventory of animal habitats as a basis for hunting resources use and protection (on the sable example)
Authors: Leontiev D F 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The purpose of our message is to characterize the principles used in national inventory development and to show possibilities of landscape-species approach for characterizing hunting resources distribution. This represents a certain scientific novelty. Quantitative data collection is based on the use of partial shooting (catching) method when mapping the results of cropping in the areas of commercial hunting areas. Cadastral developments are related to the quality of animals wildlife habitual area. On Irkutsk region territory, four regional complexes of sable habitats have been identified: Angarsk, Verkholensk and South Prebaikalsk, and Khamar-Daban. The basis for their identification was participation proportion in Siberian cedar composition for the first two and the presence of dwarf pine overgrowth for Khamar-Daban along with Verkholensk eastern part. The South CisBaikal complex of habitats, including Eastern Sayan habitats, is characterized primarily by the absence of dwarf pine overgrowth. The proposed methodological system for the inventory and assessment of game animals habitats is based on the ecological interpretation of landscape units (groups of geographic eco-elements). It makes it possible to take into account the regional characteristics of animal habitat and allows forecasting the dynamics of habitats. For the territory characterized by mapping on the principles of structural-dynamic landscape science, it is necessary to fully use the cartographic landscape basis on these principles. It is quite enough to select the best (optimal) habitats that provide animals with living conditions throughout the entire annual life cycle, and to protect them accordingly, as the basis for maintaining population homeostasis within the region; suboptimal - much worse, used mainly seasonally; and hunting areas are not peculiar to the species of animals, on which the species does not live and cannot live. The first two categories of habitats during mapping will make up the lace of the species range within the region, and all for a total, the habitats species national inventory, and at the same time strata for collecting initial data and extrapolating during counts. Thus, cadastral developments with a landscape- species approach make it possible to stratify the territory for subsequent counts of animals number of a certain species. This is especially important for economically significant species, which number state must be accurately tracked for their rational use.
Current state of landscaping objects in Volzhsky
Authors: Kulik A K , Balkushkin R N , Vlasenko M V , Zaitsev A A , Khnyckin A S 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Green plantings in the urban environment form a natural carcass, increase environmental protection functions and create comfortable living conditions for the population. Research is relevant due to the fact that monitoring the state and conditions of green plantings growth is a prerequisite for timely adoption of measures to restore and maintain the proper functioning of urban natural-anthropogenic systems. The aim of the research is to assess the current state of landscaping objects in the city of Volzhsky. The plot with cadastral number 34:35:000000: 66118 has about 20% of dying trees, most of which are old-growth stands. Young and mature trees Populus nigra and Salix alba are in good condition. On the territory of the park (cadastral number 34:35:030121:201) >40% of trees are weakened or slightly damaged. The share of withering and withered trees reaches 27% of the total number of trees. Fraxinus excelsior is in the worst condition. 59% of Populus nigra trees dry up. In the park (cadastral number 34:35:030213:246) the forest stand and lawn cover are in excellent condition. The roadside forest belt (cadastral number 34:28:000000:2955) cannot fully fulfill its ecological functions and does not meet economic goals.
Scientifically based possibilities of conservation of natural soil fertility of black soils of contour-landscape agriculture of Orenburg region
Authors: Yu Skorokhodov V , Zorov A A , Maksyutov N A , Kaftan Yu V , Mitrofanov D V , Zenkova N A , Voropaev S B 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article outlines the problems of dry farming in the Orenburg region. The reasons for the degradation of chernozem soils leading to their complete destruction and ecological catastrophe are shown. The ways of solving and scientifically substantiated possibilities of preserving the soil fertility of the Orenburg chernozems, which increase productivity, reduce to a minimum the negative effect of drought. during the transition to contour-landscape agriculture, it was established that it was possible to obtain stable yields every year in all natural and climatic zones of the Orenburg region. Studied five-field crop rotations with various types of occupied and black fallow in relation to contour landscape agriculture (CLA). The average grain yield according to the experience was -16.1 centners, including spring wheat - only 18.6 centners per hectare. Grain output from 1 hectare of crop rotation -12.9 centners. The productivity of the experiment on the average of the steaming grass was 2.17 thousand feed units. The green mass of the cereal-legume mixture (barley + peas) in the green manure pair is 1.67 thousand fodder units. The production of the buffer strip amounted to 2.26 thousand fodder units of green mass of Sudanese grass per hectare
Plant leaves structural and functional parameters in different breeding periods buckwheat varieties
Authors: Amelin A V , Fesenko A N , Zaikin V V , Chekalin E I 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Crops high productivity is largely determined by plants photosynthetic activity structural and functional indicators genotypic specificity. In this connection, we have conducted field studies on the photosynthetic potential, net productivity, photosynthetic capacity and leaf stomatal conductivity in 11 buckwheat varieties of different selection periods, which were conventionally divided into 3 groups: local populations (Orel region), old varieties - breeding of 1930-1960, and modern varieties - breeding of 1990-2010. It was shown that modern varieties, compared with predecessors, form more powerful photosynthetic potential due to the formation, mainly, large leaf plates, rather than increasing their functioning duration. At the same time, net photosynthetic productivity does not change significantly as a result of breeding. Its value depends to a greater extent on plant vegetation weather conditions than on their hereditary characteristics. At the same time, the leaves photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductivity have undergone significant changes as a breeding result. These indicators values in the formation period and modern cultivars seeds ripening exceeded local populations and older varieties on average by 20.3 … 16.6 and 17.2%, respectively. It is noted that these indicators relationship with the variety final seed productivity is positive, and in some years has a significant value. In this regard, it is proposed in buckwheat crops to carry out directed selection for leaves increasing photosynthetic activity. Work in this direction may well be successful, as indicated by photosynthetic indicators of high heritable conditionality and broad polymorphism. Particular attention should be paid to genotypes with small and dense leaf plates characterized by high photosynthetic activity and low transpiration activity, which will ensure the sun and evaporated water converted energy-efficient use by plants for yield formation.
Prevention of enterotoxigenic escherichiosis as a way to stabilize the ecological situation of anthropogenic pollution by antibiotic-resistant strains
Authors: Tishchenko Alexander , Terekhov Vladimir , Pimenov Nikolay , Ivannikova Regina 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The ecological niches occupied by E. coli are not limited to the environment, this bacterium is part of the symbiotic and conditionally pathogenic microflora of humans and animals. E. coli strains are highly resistant to various antibiotics, which poses a threat to ecological stability in the biodiversity of species. Once in unfavorable conditions, E. coli can acquire pathogenic properties and cause dangerous diseases, one of which is enterotoxigenic escherichiosis. The reservoir of pathogenic E. coli in the environment can be both farm animals and animal products. Timely and effective immunization of animals against escherichiosis is relevant for veterinary medicine and medicine, and the search for new biological products for treatment and prevention is one of the important practical tasks. The preventive effectiveness of the use of anatoxin vaccine samples in combination with an adjuvant complex in enterotoxigenic escherichiosis of animals was studied as a new solution to stabilize the ecological situation of anthropospheric genesis in the form of reducing the spread of antibiotic-resistant strains of E. coli in the environment. As a result of the conducted studies, it was established that after the use of an anatoxin vaccine with an adjuvant complex, high preventive efficacy is provided for enterotoxigenic escherichiosis.
Characteristics of the Zavitaya River in terms of hydrochemical and microbiological indicators during the flood of 2021
Authors: Pakusina A P , Tsarkova M F , Platonova T P , Kolesnikova T P 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article discusses the results of studies of the Amur River left-bank tributary on the example of the Zavitaya River during the flood in the summer of 2021. The river is exposed to anthropogenic pressure as it flows through the territory of the cultivated landscape of the Zeya-Bureya plain. The waters of the Zavitaya River are characterized by high oxygenation and rich in organic matter due to high values of permanganate oxidizability (PO). In July after the flood the BOD5 value increased. A small number of heterotrophic, ammonium-, nitrite- and phosphorus-oxidizing bacteria during the flood period was associated with water dilution and, accordingly, reflected the violation of the river’s self-purification and self-regulation mechanisms. The results obtained from the study of hydrochemical and microbiological indicators of the Zavitaya River make it possible to reveal the patterns of interaction between natural and anthropogenic components and to assess the possibility of preserving the biodiversity of the river ecosystem.
Diseases of Populus tremula L. in the subtaiga forests of the Yenisei Siberia: pathogens and their impact
Authors: Tatarintsev A I , Mikhaylov P V 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

P. tremula (aspen) stands in boreal forests usually act as an intermediate stage of regenerative successions. One should not underestimate the role of ecological functions provided by aspen forests and their resource potential. Aspen forests occupy up to 25% of the most intensively exploited forests of the Krasnoyarsk Krai. Dendropathogenic organisms often determine P. tremula stands condition. The research is aimed to study the phytopathological state of P. tremula stands in the subtaiga forests of the Krasnoyarsk Krai. The study was carried out in the subtaiga aspen forests of the Educational and experimental Karaulny forestry enterprise of the Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology (Reshetnev University). Research methods included route and detailed forest pathological examination (on four sample plots), complex macroscopic diagnosis of diseases, identification of signs and symptoms of the diseases, and the diameter distribution series analysis. A significant part of the aspen forests in the study region suffers varying degrees of disturbance. Pathogenic biota composition includes fungi and bacteria differing in their parasitic activity and specialization. Hymenomycete Ph. tremulae is the most common in aspen stands. Stem rot caused by Ph. tremulae increases the risk of wind damage and reduces the value of forest stands. The main biotic factors affecting aspen forests are bacterioses causing necrosis canker and root rot caused by A. mellea s. l. These widespread diseases have a systemic negative effect on trees of different cenotic status in aspen forests; they usually form foci in adjacent areas, which accelerate the destruction of forest stands. Accumulation of A. mellea s. l. infection in aspen forests is potentially dangerous for coniferous plantations. Micromycetes affecting the phyllosphere lead to the weakening of young aspen trees. V. tremulae sometimes causes the undergrowth to dry out.
Broiler chickens product quality as an indicator of sustainable poultry farming development
Authors: Skvortsova E G , Filinskaya O V , Bushkareva A S , Mostofina A V , Konovalov A V 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In the article parameters of meat cross ROSS 308broiler chickens’ productivity depending on different dosages, increasing ecological quality are considered. The applied mixed composition fodder was investigated. It was found that the chicken’s body weight from the first and second experimental groups before slaughter was 271.3 g (13.6%) and 103 g (5.1%) higher than in the control group. Differences in the weight of gutted and half-gutted carcasses, pectoral muscles and bone tissue of chickens of experimental and control groups were found. The probiotic preparation “Yarosil” inclusion in the broiler chickens’ diet increased the yield of gutted carcasses in the first and second experimental groups to 72.9% and 72.0% respectively, which contributes to sustainable development in the region and Russia as a whole.
Rare species of the genus Allium L. (Alliaceae) from the flora of the Republic of Bashkortostan under cultivation within the city of Ufa
Authors: Maslova N V , Elizaryeva O A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article presents the results of long-term introduction experience of rare species of the genus Allium L. (Alliaceae J. Agardh.) of the flora of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The collection includes 7 rare species, which are mainly represented by a few samples. These species are included in the Red Data Book of the Republic of Bashkortostan (2011). These species are of interest as valuable resource plants. Plants are grown both in monoculture and mixture. Mobilization has been performed by transplanting the plants from natural populations. According to the scale of introduction resistance under cultivation in the forest-steppe zone of the republic, A. hymenorhizum, A. nutans, A. obliquum are highly resistant species, A. flavescens is resistant, and A. microdyction is weakly resistant. All species reproduce by seed and vegetatively. The possibility of obtaining planting and sowing material for carrying out reintroduction works is shown. This material is successfully used to increase the number of critical populations of A. hymenorhizum, A. nutans, A. obliquum and to create artificial populations in situ and ex situ.
Determination of the potential rooting rate of green cuttings of the heteropodal barberry (Berberis heteropoda Schrenk.) by the structure of the radial parenchyma
Authors: Bakhtaulova A S , Oryngazy A , Ukusheva T K , Atabayeva A M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The wild-fruit species of barberry is a rare representative of the flora of the Zhetysu Alatau. In order to determine the potential rootability of green cuttings of this species, anatomical studies of the structure of the stem, the features of the structure of the radial parenchyma and the description of the core ray were carried out. The radial parenchyma of barberry is distinguished by the predominance of single-row core rays. The presence of heterocellular two and three-row core rays in the structure of the stem characterizes the barberry as a difficult - to - root species. The obtained research results can be used to develop the technological process of green cuttings.
Public-private partnership in the field of waste management, not related to municipal solid waste
Authors: Naumov Vladimir , Radchenko Elena , Sedikh Vladimir , Vdovina Alina 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The paper discusses the need to preserve the environment, taking into account the relationship between wastewater and soil-forming processes. It is shown that the use of new technologies helps to reduce the spending of budgetary funds on environmental protection. Yale University annually analyses the state of the ecological environment for each country, which contributes to the identification of problems and the direction of development of the environmental policy of each state. In addressing environmental problems, one should use legal mechanisms that have been developed to address similar issues, and one of such mechanisms is the institution of public-private partnership (hereinafter - PPP). PPP in the field of environmental protection is aimed at solving issues related to environmental protection, tasks, such as: reducing the amount of discharges of pollutants into water bodies; sewage treatment; increasing biodiversity; environmental education; development of alternative energy. The paper shows that a set of measures that ensure the modernization or construction of sewage treatment facilities and storm water treatment facilities in order to minimize the negative consequences of wastewater discharge is seen in solving this problem with the involvement of extra-budgetary funding sources and the use of PPP mechanisms. The implementation of environmental projects is a common trend for all countries. And Russia will have to solve problems in the field of waste management, not related to solid municipal waste, on an equal basis with all countries. The solution of problems in the field of environmental protection may entail the parallel solution of other problems in other areas, and vice versa.