bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical improvement after surgery for degenerative cervical myelopathy; A comparison of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures during 12-month follow-up
Authors: Mjåset Christer , Zwart John-Anker , Kolstad Frode , Solberg Tore , Grotle Margreth 
Published: March 2022

Object
Although many patients report clinical improvement after surgery due to degenerative cervical myelopathy, the aim of intervention is to stop progression of spinal cord dysfunction. We wanted to provide estimates and assess achievement rates of Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID) at 3- and 12-month follow-up for Neck Disability Index (NDI), Numeric Rating Scale for arm pain (NRS-AP) and neck pain (NRS-NP), Euro-Qol (EQ-5D-3L), and European Myelopathy Score (EMS).

Methods
614 degenerative cervical myelopathy patients undergoing surgery responded to Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) prior to, 3 and 12 months after surgery. External criterion was the Global Perceived Effect Scale (1–7), defining MCID as “slightly better”, “much better” and “completely recovered”. MCID estimates with highest sensitivity and specificity were calculated by Receiver Operating Curves for change and percentage change scores in the whole sample and in anterior and posterior procedural groups.

Results
The NDI and NRS-NP percentage change scores were the most accurate PROMs with a MCID of 16%. The change score for NDI and percentage change scores for NDI, NRS-AP and NRS-NP were slightly higher in the anterior procedure group compared to the posterior procedure group, while remaining PROM estimates were similar across procedure type. The MCID achievement rates at 12-month follow-up ranged from 51% in EMS to 62% in NRS-NP.

Conclusion
The NDI and NRS-NP percentage change scores were the most accurate PROMs to measure clinical improvement after surgery for degenerative cervical myelopathy. We recommend using different cut-off estimates for anterior and posterior approach procedures. A MCID achievement rate of 60% or less must be interpreted in the perspective that the main goal of surgery for degenerative cervical myelopathy is to prevent worsening of the condition.
The economic burden of overweight and obesity in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Malkin Jesse D. , Baid Drishti , Alsukait Reem F. , Alghaith Taghred , Alluhidan Mohammed , Alabdulkarim Hana , Altowaijri Abdulaziz , Almalki Ziyad S. , Herbst Christopher H. , Finkelstein Eric Andrew , El-Saharty Sameh , Alazemi Nahar 
Published: March 2022

Context
The prevalence of overweight and obesity in Saudi Arabia has been rising. Although the health burden of excess weight is well established, little is known about the economic burden.

Aims
To assess the economic burden—both direct medical costs and the value of absenteeism and presenteeism—resulting from overweight and obesity in Saudi Arabia.

Settings and design
The cost of overweight and obesity in Saudi Arabia was estimated from a societal perspective using an epidemiologic approach.

Methods and materials
Data were obtained from previously published studies and secondary databases.

Statistical analysis used
Overweight/obesity-attributable costs were calculated for six major noncommunicable diseases; sensitivity analyses were conducted for key model parameters.

Results
The impact of overweight and obesity for these diseases is found to directly cost a total of $3.8 billion, equal to 4.3 percent of total health expenditures in Saudi Arabia in 2019. Estimated overweight and obesity–attributable absenteeism and presenteeism costs a total of $15.5 billion, equal to 0.9 percent of GDP in 2019.

Conclusions
Even when limited to six diseases and a subset of total indirect costs, results indicate that overweight and obesity are a significant economic burden in Saudi Arabia. Future studies should identify strategies to reduce the health and economic burden resulting from excess weight in Saudi Arabia.
The value of combining individual and small area sociodemographic data for assessing and handling selective participation in cohort studies: Evidence from the Swedish CardioPulmonary bioImage Study
Authors: Bonander Carl , Nilsson Anton , Björk Jonas , Blomberg Anders , Engström Gunnar , Jernberg Tomas , Sundström Johan , Östgren Carl Johan , Bergström Göran , Strömberg Ulf 
Published: March 2022

Objectives
To study the value of combining individual- and neighborhood-level sociodemographic data to predict study participation and assess the effects of baseline selection on the distribution of metabolic risk factors and lifestyle factors in the Swedish CardioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS).

Methods
We linked sociodemographic register data to SCAPIS participants (n = 30,154, ages: 50–64 years) and a random sample of the study’s target population (n = 59,909). We assessed the classification ability of participation models based on individual-level data, neighborhood-level data, and combinations of both. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were used to examine how reweighting the sample to match the population affected the averages of 32 cardiopulmonary risk factors at baseline. Absolute SMDs >0.10 were considered meaningful.

Results
Combining both individual-level and neighborhood-level data gave rise to a model with better classification ability (AUC: 71.3%) than models with only individual-level (AUC: 66.9%) or neighborhood-level data (AUC: 65.5%). We observed a greater change in the distribution of risk factors when we reweighted the participants using both individual and area data. The only meaningful change was related to the (self-reported) frequency of alcohol consumption, which appears to be higher in the SCAPIS sample than in the population. The remaining risk factors did not change meaningfully.

Conclusions
Both individual- and neighborhood-level characteristics are informative in assessing study selection effects. Future analyses of cardiopulmonary outcomes in the SCAPIS cohort can benefit from our study, though the average impact of selection on risk factor distributions at baseline appears small.
Gestión del cuidado en salud en población migrante
Authors: Marina Silva Katia , Balado Calviño María Lourdes , Ferreira Bacciarini Joaquín 
Published: March 2022

La población migrante presenta situaciones de salud cada vez más complejas. Las estrategias vigentes en Uruguay no permiten una gestión eficiente de la atención interdisciplinaria para la resolución de casos.
El objetivo del trabajo es identificar estrategias que optimicen la atención en salud de esta población, mediante la gestión interdisciplinaria. Se analizan roles y relaciones entre prestadores y profesionales involucrados en la resolución de un caso complejo.
La construcción de vínculos formales interinstitucionales e interprofesionales y la gestión de casos fueron las estrategias más efectivas. A futuro, se sugiere elaborar e implementar herramientas estandarizadas y difundir experiencias interdisciplinares exitosas.
Analysis of Economic Development Inequality in Polewali Mandar Regency of West Sulawesi Province Indonesia
Authors: Ramli Anwar 
Published: March 2022

This study aims to analyze the imbalance of economic development and the relation of factors influencing the level of economic development in Polewali Mandar Regency. This study uses data panels from 2015 to 2019 with the least squares panel method (PLS) and using software eviews 9 for data processing.
This study uses the Williamson Index and Gini ratio as a dependent variable in describing the condition of economic development inequality that occurred in Polewali Mandar Regency. Then the variables of infrastructure, investment, labor force, DAU (general allocation of funds) and DAK (special allocation of funds) as independent variables.
The results stated that the average value of Economic Development inequality based on Williamsons index in the period of 2010-2019 by 0.11. While the infrastructure variables have a negative and significant effect on the imbalance of economic development on the value of 5% with the value of 0.0273 profitability. DAU also has a negative but not significant impact on development imbalance in Polewali Mandar Regency with profitability value of 0.4287. Investment variables, DAK and labor force (labor force participation rate) have a positive effect on variables of economic development inequality in Polewali Mandar regency. We found that infrastructure and DAU should be improved by the central gogernment, because these variables can reduce the level of income inequality and economic development in Polewali Mandar Regencys.
Automated prediction of low ferritin concentrations using a machine learning algorithm
Authors: Kurstjens Steef , de Bel Thomas , van der Horst Armando , Kusters Ron , Krabbe Johannes , van Balveren Jasmijn 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Computational algorithms for the interpretation of laboratory test results can support physicians and specialists in laboratory medicine. The aim of this study was to develop, implement and evaluate a machine learning algorithm that automatically assesses the risk of low body iron storage, reflected by low ferritin plasma levels, in anemic primary care patients using a minimal set of basic laboratory tests, namely complete blood count and C-reactive protein (CRP).

Methods
Laboratory measurements of anemic primary care patients were used to develop and validate a machine learning algorithm. The performance of the algorithm was compared to twelve specialists in laboratory medicine from three large teaching hospitals, who predicted if patients with anemia have low ferritin levels based on laboratory test reports (complete blood count and CRP). In a second round of assessments the algorithm outcome was provided to the specialists in laboratory medicine as a decision support tool.

Results
Two separate algorithms to predict low ferritin concentrations were developed based on two different chemistry analyzers, with an area under the curve of the ROC of 0.92 (Siemens) and 0.90 (Roche). The specialists in laboratory medicine were less accurate in predicting low ferritin concentrations compared to the algorithms, even when knowing the output of the algorithms as support tool. Implementation of the algorithm in the laboratory system resulted in one new iron deficiency diagnosis on average per day.

Conclusions
Low ferritin levels in anemic patients can be accurately predicted using a machine learning algorithm based on routine laboratory test results. Moreover, implementation of the algorithm in the laboratory system reduces the number of otherwise unrecognized iron deficiencies.
Hardness of surface-densified wood. Part 2: prediction of the density profile by hardness measurements
Authors: Scharf Alexander , Neyses Benedikt , Sandberg Dick 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The density profile of surface-densified wood has a major influence on the indentation resistance of the material. A method that can predict the density profile in surface-densified wood from measurements of the indentation in a hardness test was established. The combined information of hardness and density profile is expected to better assess the performance of surface-densified wood. Density profile and hardness test data for surface-densified Scots pine have been subjected to a partial least squares analysis to determine the relationship between the indentation depth measured during a hardness test and the density profile measured by X-ray densitometry. Among seven different hardness tests, which varied in test force and indenter geometry, the Brinell method according to the EN 1534 standard showed the highest correlation between the indentation-versus-time curve and the density profile. The mean absolute error for the prediction of density profiles in an external test set was 5–10%, indicating that the method proposed in this study can be used to replace X-ray densitometry in process control and process design.
Utilisation of the X-ray emission of an electron beam capillary for visualisation of the beam-material interaction
Authors: Gach Stefan , Olschok Simon , Jakobs Stefan , Reisgen Uwe 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Both processes, laser beam welding and electron beam welding, rely on the deep penetration process with the typical metal vapour capillary to achieve welds with in-creasing weld-in depths. With both processes, the capillary is the result of a highly dynamic equilibrium of various opposing forces and influences. To increase the understanding of the fluid-dynamic processes inside and around the vapour capillary, methods are needed for the supervision of the process that can deliver geometrical information with high spatial and temporal resolution and especially from the deeper capillary regions. Gaining this insight will allow the implementation of highly dynamic processes in future capillary models as well as the extension of process windows of the beam welding processes.
Influence of peroxide cross-linking temperature and time on mechanical, physical and thermal properties of polyethylene
Authors: Backens Simon , Ofe Stefan , Schmidt Stefan , Glück Nikolai , Flügge Wilko 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Polyethylene is a very common liner material for type IV pressure vessels due to its good toughness and easy processing. The property profile of the polymer can be improved by cross-linking thereby changing the nature of the polymer from thermoplastic toward more elastomeric. For this purpose, polyethylene is modified either chemically, using peroxide or silane, or physically by radiation. In the present work, a cross-linkable polyethylene grade that can be processed by rotational molding was peroxide cross-linked under variation of temperature and time. Subsequently, the material was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, tensile tests, notched bar impact tests and permeation measurements. Two of the altogether six parameter combinations investigated did not lead to successful cross-linking resulting in very poor toughness. Stiffness, strength and permeation barrier properties, however, were much better than those of the other series due to higher crystallinity. Mechanical, physical and chemical properties changed significantly by successful cross-linking. The impact strength could be improved by a factor of more than 10. At the same time, significant losses in stiffness, strength and permeation barrier properties had to be accepted. Peroxide induced randomly distributed formation of cross-links above the melting point interfered with formation of crystalline regions upon cooling.
The Effect of the Process Temperature on the Bondability in Diffusion Bonding of AISI 430 with Nodular Cast Iron
Authors: Taskin Mustafa , Ozan Sermin , Kolukisa Sedat 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The effect of process temperature on the bond-ability of stainless steel AISI 430 and nodular cast iron was studied. The diffusion bonding was investigated experimentally under a protective atmosphere at various temperatures and a prescribed constant pressure blow which would cause macro-deformation. Microstructure examinations were carried out with the help of optical microscopy, SEM and EDS. Hardness values were measured by HV scale under a load of 200 g. At the bond interface cross section, decarburized and dechromised regions were observed on the ductile cast iron side and the stainless steel side respectively. Best mechanical and metallurgical properties were observed for the specimen bonded at 1100 °C process temperature at 15 MPa, for 20 min. As a function of the process temperature elevation, an increase of graphite atoms, migrating towards the interface, and a reduction of graphite atoms at the nodular graphite diameters was noticed.
Film Poetry. Repensando el cine de vanguardia: arte en movimiento y poéticas visuales / Film Poetry. Re-thinking avant-garde cinema: art in motion and visual poetics
Authors: Villaplana Ruiz Virginia , Ortuño Mengual Pedro 
Published: March 2022

Este artículo tiene como primer objetivo, agrupar las vanguardias artísticas cinematográficas en tres grandes variables estéticas, “Film-poem como abstracción”, “Film poetry como modelo analítico” y “Film como poesía dialéctica”, relacionadas con las teorías críticas y los escritos de los propios cineastas. Por una parte se analizan las poéticas de Abel Gance, Germaine Dulac, Marcel L´Herbier, Jean Epstein, Louis Delluc, Marcel Duchamp, Walter Ruttmann, Man Ray y Dziga Vertov. Un segundo objetivo sería el repaso de la noción de cine de vanguardia mediante las aportaciones de la teoría fílmica elaboradas por Jean Mitry, Bill Nichols, Malcolm Turvey, Vicente Sánchez-Biosca, Bruce Elder y Carlos Tejeda entre otros. Dichos autores nos permiten abordar metodológicamente las distintas dimensiones que caracterizan el Film-poem como abstracción, modelo analítico y como poesía dialéctica. Estos ideales estéticos y filosóficos están vinculados a las experiencias de las artes plásticas y del arte contemporáneo. Del mismo modo, este artículo expone la concepción poética del movimiento de vanguardia interrelacionando obras fílmicas del arte experimental a partir de modelos de representación.
Searching for a Definition of Refractory Irritable Bowel Syndrome: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Peng Wen-Yan , Ye Kun , Qin Di , Tang Tai-Chun , Chen Min , Zheng Hui 
Published: March 2022

Background and Aims: The pathological mechanism of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is unclarified, which commonly leads to unresponsiveness to conventional treatments. The diagnostic criteria for refractory IBS are not clearly defined. We performed a systematic review to summarize the key points of the definition of refractory IBS in different studies. We also conducted a meta-analysis to explore whether the diverse definitions for refractory IBS affect the therapeutic effect of gut-directed hypnotherapy (GDH).
Methods: We searched OVID Medline, Embase and Cochrane (until September 2020) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) recruiting patients with refractory IBS. We evaluated the definition of refractory IBS through the following aspects: duration of symptoms, unresponsive to dietary intervention, lifestyle modification, pharmacology, psychology, severity assessment and adequate explanation. The effect of the different definitions for refractory IBS on the therapeutic effect of gut-directed hypnotherapy (GDH) was checked by a meta-analysis.
Results: Twenty-one RCTs were finally included. Six (28.6%) out of 21 RCTs recruited patients with symptoms lasting for over 12 months; 8 (38.1%) RCTs reported a prior use of dietary intervention; 1 (4.8%) RCT reported the use of lifestyle modification; 11 (52.4%) RCTs recruited patients who were unresponsive to pharmacology; 2 (9.5%) RCTs recruited patients with no response to psychological therapy ; 5 (23.8%) RCTs had symptoms severity assessment; and 8 (38.1%) RCTs recruited patients who were informed adequately. Despite being tested in trials with heterogeneous definition of refractory IBS, GDH had similar effectiveness when compared with supportive treatment [standardized mean difference (SMD)=-0.69, 95%CI: -0.93 to -0.44)] or waiting-list control (SMD=-0.54, 95%CI: -0.98 to -0.10).
Conclusions: Varied definitions in refractory IBS were common phenomena in clinical studies. Resistance to symptom severity assessment and psychological treatments should be more explicitly defined. Gut-directed hypnotherapy was efficacious for refractory IBS and was not affected by the diversity in the definition of refractory IBS among RCTs.
Cambios en las clases de canto en la Etapa Básica de Música de Turrialba, a partir de la virtualización por la pandemia COVID-19 en el primer semestre del 2020
Authors: Castillo Calvo Diego Armando 
Published: March 2022

En el present
En el presente estudio se analizan los principales cambios del género clases de canto, a partir de la virtualización por motivos de la pandemia provocada por el COVID-19, en la Etapa Básica de Música de Turrialba (EBMT) de la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR), Sede del Atlántico, para el primer semestre del 2020, específicamente en la Cátedra de Canto. Se realizan una serie de entrevistas por medio de la plataforma Zoom al estudiantado de dicha cátedra, con el fin de profundizar en los principales factores que afectan los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje, tanto negativa como positivamente. Para lo anterior, se incluyen las siguientes categorías de análisis: clase de música, usos de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC) en las lecciones y la percepción de la virtualidad educativa.
e estudio se analizan los principales cambios del género clases de música, a partir de la virtualización por motivos de la pandemia provocada por el virus Covid 19, en la Etapa Básica de Música Turrialba (EBMT) de la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR), Sede del Atlántico, para el primer semestre del 2020, específicamente en la cátedra de canto.
Por consiguiente, se realiza una serie de entrevistas por medio de la plataforma Zoom con el estudiantado de dicha cátedra, con el fin de profundizar en los principales factores que afectan los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje, tanto negativa como positivamente. Para lo anterior, se incluyen las siguientes categorías de análisis: clase de música, usos de las TICs en las lecciones y la percepción de la virtualidad educativa.
Palabras clave: género, covid19, Etapa Básica de Música, virtualidad educativa, TICs, clase de música, canto.
The meta-narrative of self-fulfilling prophecy in the different research areas
Authors: Almadi Sejla 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The self-fulfilling prophecy is a ubiquitous concept with a large amount of research to date, characterised by disciplinary diversity and thus a potential plurality in its narrative. A meta-narrative review was implemented to analyse the narratives of self-fulfilling prophecy in the different research areas. It identified 10 research areas, 22 themes and 7 subthemes where the phenomenon was adopted to describe and explain phenomena/events/outcomes. It revealed the self-fulfilling prophecy’s meta-narrative in the separate areas and in overall, compared to the original notion, and with regard to the critics. And it set up methodological and research area-related boundaries to implementation. Finally, the paper provided suggestions to future researches on internal validity and on the configuration of trending topics as the self-fulfilling prophecy.
Modelo conceptual de gestión del conocimiento basado en el relacionamiento de Normas ISO
Authors: Montoya-Quintero Diana Maria , García-Marín Jonathan , Moreno Sonia Jackeline 
Published: March 2022

Este artículo, tiene como objetivo el diseño de un modelo de gestión conceptual para representar el acoplmiento que surge en la relación de algunas normas del Organismo Internacional de Normalización (ISO) y los modelos de Gestión del Conocimiento (GC), como aporte a la visión mecanicista de la Norma Tecnica Colombiana (NTC) ISO 30401 en torno a la gestión de la calidad; se considera que este enfoque es insuficiente para dar una respuesta efectiva e integral a las demandas del entorno, el cual reconoce las habilidades blandas que se originan de la acción humana, siendo el conocimiento un factor vital de los fenómenos económicos contemporáneos. Se suma la importancia de la deserción y la rotación del personal en la sociedad actual, en la gestión del conocimiento. Para este estudio se tiene en cuenta una población empresarial de impacto en la ciudad de Medellín de XX empresas, de las cuales se describen los Modelos de Gestión del Conocimiento (MGC) utilizdos, la aplicabilidad, e impacto en los procesos de producción y servicios, en la medida en que se proponen normas de calidad adaptadas a cada proceso y organización. Se aplica un enfoque metódico cualitativa de nivel propositivo, siendo la fuente de los datos documental. Se concluye en un modelo conceptual de gestión del conocimiento para estas empresas, basado en el relacionamiento de Normas ISO, lo cual permitirá diagnósticos orientados a planes de mejora contina, particularmente aquellas empresas que aun no adoptan estas temáticas.