bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of biodegradable food packaging films prepared with polyamide 4: Influence of molecular weight and environmental humidity
Authors: Zhang Di , Nie Rong , Zhang Chunyue , Wang Yibing , Wang Li , Chen Tao , Zhao Liming 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe development of biodegradable packaging materials focuses on their barrier properties and mechanical properties, which are critical parameters for food protection. Synthetic biodegradable material polyamide 4 (PA4) may offer outstanding capacities for packaging due to its rigid molecular structure. The current study originally reveals the various physical properties of PA4 films and explores the influence of its internal structure, molecular weight, and external environment, environmental humidity, on its performance to provide further guidance for PA4 application. PA4 (Mη = 18,000 g/mol) films showed tensile strength (TS) of 47.5 ± 1.3 MPa, elongation at break (EB) of 228% ± 30%, oxygen permeability of 7.83 ± 3.32 × 10−17 cm3 m−1 s−1 Pa−1, and water vapor permeability of 4.34 ± 0.06 × 10−11g m−1 s−1 Pa−1. The TS and EB of PA4 improved slightly with increasing molecular weight, while the barrier characteristic remained unchanged. The moisture adsorption capabilities of PA4 films were similar to natural hydrophilic polymers. The mechanical characteristic of PA4 changed from brittle to ductile with the increase in relative humidity. Overall, PA4 can be considered to be a promising food packaging material since it presented better mechanical and oxygen barrier properties than those of commercial food packaging polymers.
Antioxidants and clinical outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019: A systematic review of observational and interventional studies
Authors: Foshati Sahar , Mirjalili Fatemeh , Rezazadegan Mahsa , Fakoorziba Farnoosh , Amani Reza 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a newly emerging viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). Oxidative stress appears to be a prominent contributor to the pathogenicity of SARS‐CoV‐2. Therefore, we carried out a systematic review of human observational and interventional studies to investigate the role of some antioxidants such as vitamins A, E, D, and C, selenium, zinc, and α‐lipoic acid in the main clinical outcomes of subjects with COVID‐19. Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, and Medline were searched using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and non‐MeSH terms without restrictions. Finally, 36 studies for vitamins C and D, selenium, and zinc were included in this systematic review; however, no eligible studies were found for vitamins A and E as well as α‐lipoic acid. The results showed the promising role of vitamin C in inflammation, Horowitz index, and mortality; vitamin D in disease manifestations and severity, inflammatory markers, lung involvement, ventilation requirement, hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and mortality; selenium in cure rate and mortality; and zinc in ventilation requirement, hospitalization, ICU admission, biomarkers of inflammation and bacterial infection, and disease complications. In conclusion, it seems that antioxidants, especially vitamins C and D, selenium, and zinc, can improve multiple COVID‐19 clinical outcomes. Nevertheless, more studies are necessary to affirm these results.
Capital flow data—A guide for empirical analysis and real‐time tracking
Authors: Koepke Robin , Paetzold Simon 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper provides an analytical overview of the most widely used capital flow datasets. The paper is written as a guide for academics who embark on empirical research projects and for policymakers who need timely information on capital flow developments to inform their decisions. We address common misconceptions about capital flow data and discuss differences between high‐frequency proxies for portfolio flows. In a nowcasting “horse race” we show that high‐frequency proxies have significant predictive content for portfolio flows from the balance of payments (BoP). We also construct a new dataset for academic use, consisting of monthly portfolio flows broadly consistent with BoP data.
Chronic endometritis positively correlates with the aggravation of intrauterine adhesions but has limited effects on reproductive prognosis with antibiotic application
Authors: Xiang Rui , Li Manchao , Gu Zhongjia , Liu Huijun , Zeng Haitao , Peng Jintao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effect of chronic endometritis (CE) diagnosed by CD138 staining on the aggravation of intrauterine adhesions (IUAs), and the reproductive prognosis after transcervical resection of adhesions (TCRA).MethodsSixty‐three patients with severe IUAs (group A) and 119 patients with moderate IUAs (group B) were included in this retrospective study. TCRA and endometrial biopsy with CD138 staining were performed. Participants in each group were classified into two subgroups: CE group and NCE group (without CE). Patients were treated with a course of oral antibiotics for 2 weeks after TCRA. Embryo transfer would be performed if patients had embryos after operations.ResultsIncreased incidence of CE was found in group A (18/63, 28.57%) compared with group B (18/119, 15.13%) (P = 0.030). No significant differences were found in the comparisons of chemical pregnancy rate, early miscarriage rate, or full‐term pregnancy rate between the CE group and NCE group (P > 0.05), in either the subgroup analysis of group A and group B, or the total analysis.ConclusionCE has a positive correlation with the aggravation of IUAs. CE did not have a negative impact on the reproductive prognosis of patients with moderate or severe IUAs after TCRA followed by antibiotic administration.
Charting the landscape of the environmental exposome
Authors: Wei Xin , Huang Zinuo , Jiang Liuyiqi , Li Yueer , Zhang Xinyue , Leng Yuxin , Jiang Chao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe exposome depicts the total exposures in the lifetime of an organism. Human exposome comprises exposures from environmental and humanistic sources. Biological, chemical, and physical environmental exposures pose potential health threats, especially to susceptible populations. Although still in its nascent stage, we are beginning to recognize the vast and dynamic nature of the exposome. In this review, we systematically summarize the biological and chemical environmental exposomes in three broad environmental matrices—air, soil, and water; each contains several distinct subcategories, along with a brief introduction to the physical exposome. Disease‐related environmental exposures are highlighted, and humans are also a major source of disease‐related biological exposures. We further discuss the interactions between biological, chemical, and physical exposomes. Finally, we propose a list of outstanding challenges under the exposome research framework that need to be addressed to move the field forward. Taken together, we present a detailed landscape of environmental exposome to prime researchers to join this exciting new field.
General Bayesian time‐varying parameter vector autoregressions for modeling government bond yields
Authors: Fischer Manfred M. , Hauzenberger Niko , Huber Florian , Pfarrhofer Michael 
Published: September 2022

SummaryUS yield curve dynamics are subject to time‐variation, but there is ambiguity about its precise form. This paper develops a vector autoregressive (VAR) model with time‐varying parameters and stochastic volatility, which treats the nature of parameter dynamics as unknown. Coefficients can evolve according to a random walk, a Markov switching process, observed predictors, or depend on a mixture of these. To decide which form is supported by the data and to carry out model selection, we adopt Bayesian shrinkage priors. Our framework is applied to model the US yield curve. We show that the model forecasts well, and focus on selected in‐sample features to analyze determinants of structural breaks in US yield curve dynamics.
Raiders of the lost high‐frequency forecasts: New data and evidence on the efficiency of the Fed's forecasting
Authors: Chang Andrew C. , Levinson Trace J. 
Published: September 2022

SummaryWe introduce a new dataset of real gross domestic product (GDP) growth and core personal consumption expenditures (PCE) inflation forecasts produced by the staff of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. In contrast to the eight Greenbook forecasts a year the staff produce for Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meetings, our dataset has roughly weekly forecasts. We use these data to study whether the staff forecasts efficiently. Prespecified regressions of forecast errors on forecast revisions show the staff's GDP forecasts exhibit time‐varying inefficiency between FOMC meetings, and also show some evidence for inefficient inflation forecasts.
Investigating the structure, solubility, and antibacterial properties of silver‐ and copper‐doped hydroxyapatite
Authors: Weiss Katie M. , Kucko Sierra K. , Mokhtari Sahar , Keenan Timothy J. , Wren Anthony William 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHydroxyapatite (HA) powders were synthesized by the wet precipitation method in which two experimental compositions were synthesized (10 mol%Ag‐HAandCu‐HA) where the CaNO3content was partially substituted with AgNO3and Cu(NO3)2. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) was employed to characterize changes to theHAstructure as the dopants (Cu2+, Ag+) were incorporated into the materials structure. Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) determined confirmed the compositions and found that the Ca/P ratio was 1.63 for the control (HA) whileAg‐HAandCu‐HAexhibited (X + Ca)/P ratios of 1.79 and 1.65, respectively. Antibacterial efficacies were evaluated againstE.coliandS.aureus, as a function of surface area and incubation time. The more prominent antibacterial effects were observed with bothAg‐HAandCu‐HAand the materials antibacterial influence was maintained with respect to time. Ion release studies of eachHAcomposition (15, 30, and 45 days) showed thatCu‐HAreleased significantly more Cu2+(36.1 ± 5.1 mg/L) than Ag+(2.9 ± 1.2 mg/L) fromAg‐HA. Analysis of each composition incubated in simulated body fluid (SBF) exhibited surface depositions that are likely calcium phosphate (CaP). Cytocompatibility testing in MC 3T3 Osteoblasts showed slight reductions in cell viability when tested using MTT assay, however cell adhesion studies were positive for each composition.
Aloe vera and ofloxacin incorporated chitosan hydrogels show antibacterial activity, stimulate angiogenesis and accelerate wound healing in full thickness rat model
Authors: Khan Ahmad , Andleeb Anisa , Azam Maryam , Tehseen Saimoon , Mehmood Azra , Yar Muhammad 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBurns are potentially fatal and physically debilitating injuries, causing psychological and physical scars and result in chronic disabilities. A well vascularized wound bed is required to achieve complete and scar free wound closure. For many centuries, a variety of herbal plants have been used for wound healing, among these aloe vera (AV) has been found to be very effective in wound healing. Secondly, the main reason for delayed wound healing is bacterial infections. Ofloxacin (OX) has been reported as an active antibacterial drug for topical infections and it is effective against both positive and negative bacterial strains. In current research three different concentrations of OX (0.5, 2.5, and 5 mg) were loaded into chitosan (CS)/AV based hydrogels prepared by freeze gelation. The surface morphology of prepared CS/AV based OX loaded hydrogels were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In drug release analysis, 0.5 mg OX loaded hydrogel showed a sustained drug release behavior over 3 days period. An effective dose dependent antibacterial activity was exhibited by OX loaded hydrogels. Alamar Blue cells viability assay revealed that 0.5 mg OX hydrogel (CA 0.5 OX) showed comparatively better 3 T3 fibroblast cells proliferation as compared to CA 2.5 OX (2.5 mg OX) and CA 5 OX hydrogel (5 mg OX). Moreover, all OX loaded hydrogels showed good angiogenic activity in CAM bioassay while higher angiogenic potential was observed from CA 0.5 OX containing comparatively lower concentration of OX. These OX incorporated CS/AV based hydrogels are promising wound dressings for future clinical use.
The performance of exchange—correlation functionals in describing electron density parameters of saddle point structures along chemical reactions
Authors: Kossaka Macedo Gabriel , Haiduke Roberto Luiz Andrade 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis work is focused on evaluating the performance of exchange‐correlation functionals from density functional theory in providing descriptor values derived from the electron density of saddle point structures (transition states) in chemical reactions. The properties investigated were obtained from the quantum theory of atoms in molecules, including atomic charges and electron density topological data at the bond critical points. In addition, parameters from the Interacting quantum atom energy partition were used as well in this comparative study. The reference values are attained in coupled cluster calculations with iterative single and double excitations (CCSD). Six elementary reactions are considered here: CO + H2 ↔ H2CO, CO + H2O ↔ HCOOH, HCN ↔ HNC, H + F2 ↔ HF + F, H + N2 ↔ HN2, and H + CO ↔ HCO. In general, the BB1K functional (hybrid‐meta‐generalized gradient approximation) provides the best description of these properties. Our study indicates that an intermediate percentage of nonlocal exact exchange, around 40%–55% (perhaps even larger), is probably required for attaining more accurate values with actual functionals, although this condition is not able of explaining all the trends observed.
Erdös–Hajnal conjecture for new infinite families of tournaments
Authors: Zayat Soukaina , Ghazal Salman 
Published: September 2022

AbstractErdös–Hajnal conjecture states that for every undirected graph there exists such that every undirected graph on vertices that does not contain as an induced subgraph contains a clique or a stable set of size at least . This conjecture has a directed equivalent version stating that for every tournament there exists such that every ‐free ‐vertex tournament contains a transitive subtournament of order at least . This conjecture is known to hold for a few infinite families of tournaments. In this article we construct two new infinite families of tournaments—the family of so‐called galaxies with spiders and the family of so‐called asterisms, and we prove the correctness of the conjecture for these two families.
Pure laparoscopic vs open right hepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: A propensity score‐matched analysis
Authors: Nam Yi‐yeon , Hong Suk Kyun , Hong Su young , Lee Sola , Choi YoungRok , Yi Nam‐Joon , Lee Kwang‐Woong , Suh Kyung‐Suk 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground/PurposeSince minimally invasive surgery has been incorporated in overall surgery, pure laparoscopic technology is involved in most hepatectomies, including right hepatectomy, in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its feasibility and safety in right hepatectomy are still controversial owing to the limited literature. This study aimed to compare the short‐ and long‐term outcomes of pure laparoscopic right hepatectomy (PLRH) with those of open right hepatectomy (ORH) in patients with HCC.MethodsThe prospectively collected medical records of 327 patients with HCC who underwent right hepatectomy between January 2010 and April 2020 at Seoul National University Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. We performed 1:1 propensity score matching between the PLRH and ORH groups. The primary end point was short‐term outcomes, including hospital stay, blood loss, and morbidity; the secondary end point was long‐term outcomes, including overall and recurrence‐free survival.ResultsForty‐nine patients were included in each group. Patients who underwent PLRH had a shorter postoperative hospital stay than those who underwent ORH (12.2 vs 8.9 days; P < .001). The requirement for blood transfusion was significantly lower in the PLRH group than in the ORH group (10.2% vs 2.0%; P = .010). The operative time (P = .479) and proportion of major complications (P = .487) were comparable between the groups. There were no significant differences in overall survival (P = .524) and the recurrence‐free survival rate (P = .576) between the groups.ConclusionsPostoperative outcomes, including oncological outcomes, were comparable between PLRH and ORH, showing that PLRH can be a safe and feasible option to replace ORH in patients with HCC.
A unifying approach toward boundedness in Keller–Segel type cross‐diffusion systems via conditional L∞$L^\infty$ estimates for taxis gradients
Authors: Winkler Michael 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis manuscript is concerned with the problem of efficiently estimating chemotactic gradients, as forming a ubiquitous issue of key importance in virtually any proof of boundedness features in Keller–Segel type systems. A strategy is proposed which at its core relies on bounds for such quantities, conditional in the sense of involving certain Lebesgue norms of solution components that explicitly influence the signal evolution.Applications of this procedure firstly provide apparently novel boundedness results for two particular classes chemotaxis systems, and apart from that are shown to significantly condense proofs for basically well‐known statements on boundedness in two further Keller–Segel type problems.
Ultra‐High Temperature Treatment and Storage of Infant Formula Induces Dietary Protein Modifications, Gut Dysfunction, and Inflammation in Preterm Pigs
Authors: Sun Jing , Akıllıoğlu Halise Gül , Aasmul‐Olsen Karoline , Ye Yuhui , Lund Pernille , Zhao Xiao , Brunse Anders , Nielsen Christian Fiil , Chatterton Dereck E. W. , Sangild Per Torp , Lund Marianne N. , Bering Stine Brandt 
Published: September 2022

ScopeReady‐to‐feed liquid infant formula is increasingly used for preterm infants when human milk is unavailable. These formulas are sterilized by ultra‐high temperature treatment, but heating and storage may reduce bioactivity and increase formation of Maillard reaction products with potential negative consequences for immature newborns.Methods and resultsUsing preterm pigs as a model for sensitive newborn infants, the study tests the intestinal responses of feeding experimental liquid formula within 5 days. A pasteurized formula (PAST) with the same nutrient composition but less protein modifications serves as control to ultra‐high temperature‐treated formula without (UHT) and with prolonged storage (SUHT). Relative to PAST, UHT contains lower levels of lactoferrin and IgG. Additional storage (40 °C, 60 days, SUHT) reduces antimicrobial capacity and increases non‐reducible protein aggregates and Maillard reaction products (up to 13‐fold). Pigs fed SUHT have more diarrhea and show signs of intestinal inflammation (necrotizing enterocolitis) compared with pigs fed PAST and UHT. These clinical effects are accompanied by accumulation of Maillard reaction products, protein cross‐links, and inflammatory responses in the gut.ConclusionThe results demonstrate that feeding UHT infant formulas, particularly after prolonged storage, adversely affects gut maturation and function in preterm pigs used as a model of preterm infants.
Improved food Go/No‐Go scores after transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to prefrontal cortex in a randomized trial
Authors: Stinson Emma J. , Travis Katherine T. , Magerowski Greta , Alonso‐Alonso Miguel , Krakoff Jonathan , Gluck Marci E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveReduced dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) activity and inhibitory control may contribute to obesity. The study objective was to assess effects of repeated transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on food Go/No‐Go (GNG), food Stroop performance, and snack food intake.MethodsTwenty‐nine individuals with obesity (12 male; mean [SD], age 42 [11] years; BMI 39 [8]) participated in a combined inpatient/outpatient randomized parallel‐design trial and received 15 sessions of anodal or sham tDCS to the left dlPFC. Food‐related inhibitory control (GNG), attentional bias (Stroop), and snack food intake were assessed at baseline, completion of inpatient sessions (day 7), and follow‐up (day 31).ResultsGNG performance improved in the anodal group by day 31, compared with sham (p = 0.01), but Stroop scores did not differ by intervention. Greater snack food intake was associated with lower GNG scores (p = 0.01), driven by the sham group (p < 0.001) and higher food and palatable bias scores on the Stroop (all p = 0.02) across both groups. Changes on tasks were not associated with changes in intake.ConclusionsAnodal tDCS to the left dlPFC improved performance on a food‐related inhibitory control task, providing evidence of potential for therapeutic benefit of neuromodulation in areas controlling executive function. Results showed that tDCS to the dlPFC reduced snack food intake and hunger; however, underlying neurocognitive mechanisms remain uncertain.
Composite laminates made of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer interleaved with recycled carbon fiber and short virgin aramid fiber non‐woven mats for structural applications
Authors: Attahu Cephas Yaw 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Ashby limit for mechanical damping and stiffness trade‐off must be escaped to quantify composites for structural applications. To make the composites, all the participating fibers were converted into 60 g/m2 non‐woven mats, which were then sized with 1.5 wt. percent titanate coupling, TCA‐L12, before being sandwiched between two layers of 125 g/m2 resin films and used to interleave 12 unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer prepreg tapes. Using the vacuum‐assisted compression molding method, the assemblage was subsequently turned into composites. The impact of micro‐hybridizing recycled carbon fibers with short virgin aramid fibers on mechanical damping and stiffness trade‐offs was examined. The Ashby limit was exceeded by 1600%, and compared to the control sample, the best laminate had a figure of merit that was 15.3% higher.
Serotonin syndrome induced by overdose of atomoxetine alone in a patient with attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder: A case report
Authors: Sato Fumika , Suzuki Akihito , Noto Keisuke , Shirata Toshinori , Kanno Muneaki , Kobayashi Ryota , Otani Koichi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundSerotonin syndrome is characterized by mental status changes, autonomic hyperactivity, and neuromuscular abnormalities. This syndrome results from various medications that engender serotonergic overactivity. Atomoxetine is a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor used for the treatment of attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Two case reports have described serotonin syndrome induced by the combination of atomoxetine with venlafaxine or methylphenidate, but no report describes this syndrome induced by atomoxetine alone. This report describes serotonin syndrome induced solely by an overdose of atomoxetine in a patient with ADHD.Case PresentationThe patient in this case was a 21‐year‐old man who had been treated with atomoxetine for ADHD. He was transported to our hospital 1 h after intentional ingestion of 1200 mg of atomoxetine in a suicide attempt. On admission, he showed profuse diaphoresis, marked agitation, somnolence, slight fever, tachycardia, prolonged QT interval, myoclonus, tremor, and hyperreflexia. He was diagnosed as having serotonin syndrome and was treated with administration of activated charcoal and massive infusion. Three days later, his serotonin syndrome symptoms had disappeared completely.ConclusionFindings in this case suggest that atomoxetine alone can cause serotonin syndrome presumably via its effects of serotonin reuptake inhibition. Clinicians should consider this syndrome induced by atomoxetine overdose.