bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness, cost-utility and physiological underpinnings of the FIBROWALK multicomponent therapy in online and outdoor format in individuals with fibromyalgia: Study protocol of a randomized, controlled trial (On&Out study)
Authors: Serrat Mayte , Ferrés Sònia , Auer William , Almirall Míriam , Lluch Enrique , D’Amico Francesco , Maes Michael , Lorente Sonia , Navarrete Jaime , Montero-Marín Jesús , Neblett Randy , Nijs Jo , Borràs Xavier , Luciano Juan V. , Feliu-Soler Albert 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: The On&amp;Out study is aimed at assessing the effectiveness, cost-utility and physiological underpinnings of the FIBROWALK multicomponent intervention conducted in two different settings: online (FIBRO-On) or outdoors (FIBRO-Out). Both interventions have proved to be efficacious in the short-term but there is no study assessing their comparative effectiveness nor their long-term effects. For the first time, this study will also evaluate the cost-utility (6-month time-horizon) and the effects on immune-inflammatory biomarkers and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) levels of both interventions. The objectives of this 6-month, randomized, controlled trial (RCT) are 1) to examine the effectiveness and cost-utility of adding FIBRO-On or FIBRO-Out to Treatment-As-Usual (TAU) for individuals with fibromyalgia (FM); 2) to identify pre–post differences in blood biomarker levels in the three study arms and 3) to analyze the role of process variables as mediators of 6-month follow-up clinical outcomes.Methods and analysis: Participants will be 225 individuals with FM recruited at Vall d’Hebron University Hospital (Barcelona, Spain), randomly allocated to one of the three study arms: TAU vs. TAU + FIBRO-On vs. TAU + FIBRO-Out. A comprehensive assessment to collect functional impairment, pain, fatigue, depressive and anxiety symptoms, perceived stress, central sensitization, physical function, sleep quality, perceived cognitive dysfunction, kinesiophobia, pain catastrophizing, psychological inflexibility in pain and pain knowledge will be conducted pre-intervention, at 6 weeks, post-intervention (12 weeks), and at 6-month follow-up. Changes in immune-inflammatory biomarkers [i.e., IL-6, CXCL8, IL-17A, IL-4, IL-10, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)] and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor will be evaluated in 40 participants in each treatment arm (total n = 120) at pre- and post-treatment. Quality of life and direct and indirect costs will be evaluated at baseline and at 6-month follow-up. Linear mixed-effects regression models using restricted maximum likelihood, mediational models and a full economic evaluation applying bootstrapping techniques, acceptability curves and sensitivity analyses will be computed.Ethics and dissemination: This study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research. The results will be actively disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, conference presentations, social media and various community engagement activities. Trial registration number NCT05377567 (clinicaltrials.gov).
Effects of HIV-related worries on fertility motivation moderated by living children among couples living with HIV: A dyadic analysis
Authors: Guo Yingwu , Du Yingrong , Liu Jun , Bai Jingsong , Gao Jianpeng , Wu Lei , Yang Yongrui , Wang Weibo , Chen Jie , Xu Zhaoyuan , Yan Junfang , Lu Nihong , Li Chongxi , Chongsuvivatwong Virasakdi 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionHIV-related worries are a major barrier to achieving fertility goals for couples living with HIV (CLWH). We examined the moderating role of living children in the association between HIV-related worries and fertility motivation in CLWH including happiness, well-being, identity, and continuity.MethodsThe data of 322 reproductive-aged CLWH were collected for this cross-sectional study from a referral antiretroviral therapy clinic in Kunming, China between October and December 2020. Intra- and interpersonal mechanisms of association between HIV-related worries and fertility motivation moderated by the number of living children in husband-wife dyads were analyzed by the actor-partner interdependence moderation model.ResultsThe high-level HIV-related worries of the wives and husbands were associated with the spouses’ fertility motivation. Having at least one child helped to ameliorate the negative association between one’s own HIV-related worries and fertility motivation. However, there was no evidence of such moderation in the spouse.ConclusionWhether the CLWH has at least one living child should be taken into account in counseling. Childless families should be counseled on HIV-related worries as those worries have a greater negative effect on fertility motivation than couples who have a child.
Case report: Delusional infestation in dementia with Lewy bodies
Authors: Taomoto Daiki , Kanemoto Hideki , Satake Yuto , Yoshiyama Kenji , Iwase Masao , Hashimoto Mamoru , Ikeda Manabu 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundDelusional infestation is characterized by delusions of being infested with parasites, vermin, or small insects and is frequently accompanied by tactile and visual hallucinations. Herein, we report two cases of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) with delusional infestation.Case presentationCase 1 was an 83-year-old man. At the age of 75, he began to show symptoms of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder. At the age of 83, he began to complain of visual hallucinations of people and delusional infestation with tactile and visual hallucinations of insects, resulting in the use of insecticides for non-existent insects. He also complained of mild amnesia and was admitted to our psychiatric ward for evaluation and treatment. After admission, the delusional infestation disappeared without any new medication. Based on our examinations, he was diagnosed with probable DLB with delusional infestation. He was treated with 5 mg/day of donepezil hydrochloride; his visual and tactile hallucinations disappeared, and the delusional infestation had not recurred at the 1-year follow-up. Case 2 was a 69-year-old woman. At the age of 60, she underwent clipping for subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). At the age of 65, she began to have visual hallucinations of people. At the age of 67, she began to complain of visual illusions in which she mistook lint for insects. At the age of 69, she developed delusional infestation and mild amnesia. She took various actions to get rid of these non-existent insects, including insecticide use, consulting an exterminator, and visiting several dermatologists. She eventually burnt her leg in an attempt to kill the non-existent insects. Based on our examinations, she was diagnosed with prodromal DLB in addition to SAH sequelae. We determined that her delusional infestation was caused by DLB rather than SAH sequelae based on the course of her symptoms. She was treated with a combination of 3 mg/day of donepezil hydrochloride and 12.5 mg/day of quetiapine. Thereafter, the delusional infestation partially improved, and she took no further action against non-existent insects.ConclusionDelusional infestation may be caused by DLB. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEI) may be effective for delusional infestation in DLB, although antipsychotics may also be needed in severe cases.
Awareness of age-related changes in Norwegian individuals 50+. Short form questionnaire validation
Authors: Testad Ingelin , Ushakova Anastasia , Aakre Jon Arild , Sabatini Serena , Gjestsen Martha Therese 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundA questionnaire assessing awareness of positive and negative age-related changes (AARC gains and losses) was developed in the US and Germany, and validated for the UK and Brazilian populations. In this study, we validated the short-form measure (AARC-10 SF) in the Norwegian population aged 50 and over. In addition, the relationship between cognitive variables and AARC was examined.MethodsCross-sectional analyses of data from 1,510 participants in the ongoing online PROTECT Norge study were used to explore and confirm the two-factor structure of AARC gains and AARC losses; reliability; measurement invariance across different population groups defined by sex, education level, employment, and in middle age, early old age, and advanced old age. We explored the relationship between AARC and demographic variables (defined in the same way as the population groups).ResultsWe confirmed the two-factor structure (gains and losses) of the Norwegian translation of the AARC-10 SF. We did not find mutual correlations between related items in gains and losses, except for the physical health item from the gains dimension, which was positively correlated with all items of the losses dimension. Age, sex, marital status, employment, and university education predicted AARC gains and losses.ConclusionThe Norwegian translation of the AARC-10 SF captures individuals’ positive and negative self-perceptions of age-related changes in their mental, physical, and cognitive health.
A genetic association study reveals the relationship between the oral microbiome and anxiety and depression symptoms
Authors: Li Chun'e , Chen Yujing , Wen Yan , Jia Yumeng , Cheng Shiqiang , Liu Li , Zhang Huijie , Pan Chuyu , Zhang Jingxi , Zhang Zhen , Yang Xuena , Meng Peilin , Yao Yao , Zhang Feng 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundGrowing evidence supports that alterations in the gut microbiota play an essential role in the etiology of anxiety, depression, and other psychiatric disorders. However, the potential effect of oral microbiota on mental health has received little attention.MethodsUsing the latest genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data of the oral microbiome, polygenic risk scores (PRSs) of 285 salivary microbiomes and 309 tongue dorsum microbiomes were conducted. Logistic and linear regression models were applied to evaluate the relationship between salivary-tongue dorsum microbiome interactions with anxiety and depression. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was utilized to compute the causal effects between the oral microbiome, anxiety, and depression.ResultsWe observed significant salivary-tongue dorsum microbiome interactions related to anxiety and depression traits. Significantly, one common interaction was observed to be associated with both anxiety score and depression score, Centipeda periodontii SGB 224 × Granulicatella uSGB 3289 (P depressionscore = 1.41 × 10−8, P anxietyscore = 5.10 × 10−8). Furthermore, we detected causal effects between the oral microbiome and anxiety and depression. Importantly, we identified one salivary microbiome associated with both anxiety and depression in both the UKB database and the Finngen public database, Eggerthia (P IVW − majordepression − UKB = 2.99 × 10−6, P IVW − Self − reportedanxiety/panicattacks − UKB = 3.06 × 10−59, P IVW − depression − Finngen = 3.16 × 10,-16 P IVW − anxiety − Finngen = 1.14 × 10−115).ConclusionThis study systematically explored the relationship between the oral microbiome and anxiety and depression, which could help improve our understanding of disease pathogenesis and propose new diagnostic targets and early intervention strategies.
The major risk factor for depression in the Chinese middle-aged and elderly population: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ni Xiaolin , Su Huabin , Lv Yuan , Li Rongqiao , Chen Chen , Zhang Di , Chen Qing , Zhang Shenqi , Yang Ze , Sun Liang , Zhou Qi , Zhu Xiaoquan , Gao Danni , Fang Sihang , Hu Caiyou , Pang Guofang , Yuan Huiping 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThe number of patients suffering from depression is continuously increasing in China. Demographic characteristics, physical health levels, and individual lifestyles/healthy behaviors are associated with the severity of depression. However, the major risk factor for depression remains unclear.Materials and methodsIn this investigation, 16,512 patients were screened using the CHARLS (China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study) database after being determined to be eligible based on the inclusion criteria. Depressive symptoms were evaluated through the CESD-10 (10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale). Consequently, various models were developed based on potential predictive factors, employing stepwise LR (Logistic Regression)/RF (Random Forests) models to examine the influence and weighting of candidate factors that affect depression.ResultsGender, residential address location, changes in health status following last interview, physical disabilities, chronic pain, childhood health status, ADL (activity of daily living), and social activity were all revealed to be independent risk factors for depression (p &lt; 0.05) in this study. Depression has a synergic effect (across chronic pain and age groups). In comparison to other factors, RF results showed that chronic pain had a stronger impact on depression.ConclusionThis preliminary study reveals that chronic pain is a major risk factor for depression.
Genome-wide SNPs reveal novel patterns of spatial genetic structure in Aedes albopictus (Diptera Culicidae) population in China
Authors: Wei Yong , He Song , Wang Jiatian , Fan Peiyang , He Yulan , Hu Ke , Chen Yulan , Zhou Guofa , Zhong Daibin , Zheng Xueli 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionSince the second half of the 20th century, Aedes albopictus, a vector for more than 20 arboviruses, has spread worldwide. Aedes albopictus is the main vector of infectious diseases transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes in China, and it has caused concerns regarding public health. A comprehensive understanding of the spatial genetic structure of this vector species at a genomic level is essential for effective vector control and the prevention of vector-borne diseases.MethodsDuring 2016–2018, adult female Ae. albopictus mosquitoes were collected from eight different geographical locations across China. Restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) was used for high-throughput identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and genotyping of the Ae. albopictus population. The spatial genetic structure was analyzed and compared to those exhibited by mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and microsatellites in the Ae. albopictus population.ResultsA total of 9,103 genome-wide SNP loci in 101 specimens and 32 haplotypes of cox1 in 231 specimens were identified in the samples from eight locations in China. Principal component analysis revealed that samples from Lingshui and Zhanjiang were more genetically different than those from the other locations. The SNPs provided a better resolution and stronger signals for novel spatial population genetic structures than those from the cox1 data and a set of previously genotyped microsatellites. The fixation indexes from the SNP dataset showed shallow but significant genetic differentiation in the population. The Mantel test indicated a positive correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance. However, the asymmetric gene flow was detected among the populations, and it was higher from south to north and west to east than in the opposite directions.ConclusionsThe genome-wide SNPs revealed seven gene pools and fine spatial genetic structure of the Ae. albopictus population in China. The RAD-seq approach has great potential to increase our understanding of the spatial dynamics of population spread and establishment, which will help us to design new strategies for controlling vectors and mosquito-borne diseases.
Participatory development and implementation of inclusive digital health communication on COVID-19 with homeless people
Authors: Specht Anabell , Sarma Navina , Linzbach Tabea , Hellmund Theresa , Hörig Merle , Wintel Mia , Equihua Martinez Gabriela , Seybold Joachim , Lindner Andreas K. 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionPeople experiencing homelessness (PEH) are disproportionally affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The realities of their daily lives have been given little consideration in the pandemic response. They are not represented in existing health information campaigns, and many are structurally excluded from digital information. The project aimed to develop inclusive COVID-19-information material to strengthen infection prevention and control of PEH.Material and methodsIn a participatory process, PEH were involved in the planning, production, and evaluation of poster and video information material on COVID-19. Various stakeholders were consulted for external supervision. Service providers all over Germany were informed about the material that could be ordered free of charge. For the evaluation, semi-structured interviews with homeless service providers and PEH were conducted, and the online views of the videos were measured.ResultsSixteen PEH participated actively in the project. Two COVID-19-information videos were launched in 5 languages in February 2021. Posters promoting vaccination against COVID-19 were produced in 9 languages. As of May 2022, the videos have been viewed more than 2,000 times. A total of 163 service providers for PEH and public institutions received the posters, thereof 72 upon request. Twelve service providers and 8 PEH participated in the evaluation. They pointed out the lack of targeted information material for PEH. The consideration of the concerns and the diverse representation of PEH was perceived as particularly important. Most of the service providers were unable to show the videos due to technical and spatial limitations. Digital challenges for PEH, like the lack of and maintenance of a smart phone, became apparent.ConclusionThe cooperation of research, practice and the community were key factors for the realization of this project. Strong links to the community and the involvement of relevant stakeholders are indispensable when working with PEH. Exclusion from digital information is an increasingly important component of the structural marginalization of PEH. Digital inclusion for PEH and service providers can help to counteract social and health inequalities. The lessons learned through this project can contribute to strengthen participation of PEH and to consider their perspectives in future health communication strategies.
Long-term usage of a commercial mHealth app: A “multiple-lives” perspective
Authors: Lau Erica Y. , Mitchell Marc S. , Faulkner Guy 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundEmerging evidence suggests that individuals use mHealth apps in multiple disjointed ways in the real-world—individuals, for example, may engage, take breaks, and re-engage with these apps. To our knowledge, very few studies have adopted this ‘multiple-live’ perspective to analyze long-term usage of a physical activity (PA) app. This study aimed to examine the duration of use, as well as the frequency, length, and timing of streaks (uninterrupted periods of use) and breaks (uninterrupted periods of non-use) within a popular commercial PA app called Carrot Rewards over 12 months. We also examined sociodemographic correlates of usage.MethodThis retrospective observational study analyzed data from 41,207 Carrot Rewards users participating in the “Steps” walking program from June/July 2016 to June/July 2017. We measured four usage indicators: duration of use, frequency and length of streaks and breaks, time to first break, and time to resume second streak. We also extracted information regarding participants' age, gender, province, and proxy indicators of socioeconomic status derived from census data. We used descriptive statistics to summarize usage patterns, Kaplan-Meier curves to illustrate the time to first break and time to resume second streak. We used linear regressions and Cox Proportional Hazard regression models to examine sociodemographic correlates of usage.ResultsOver 60% of the participants used Carrot Rewards for ≥6 months and 29% used it for 12 months (mean = 32.59 ± 18.435 weeks). The frequency of streaks and breaks ranged from 1 to 9 (mean = 1.61 ± 1.04 times). The mean streak and break length were 20.22 ± 18.26 and 16.14 ± 15.74 weeks, respectively. The median time to first break was 18 weeks across gender groups and provinces; the median time for participants to resume the second streak was between 12 and 32 weeks. Being female, older, and living in a community with greater post-secondary education levels were associated with increased usage.ConclusionThis study provides empirical evidence that long-term mHealth app usage is possible. In this context, it was common for users to take breaks and re-engage with Carrot Rewards. When designing and evaluating PA apps, therefore, interventionists should consider the 'multiple-lives' perspective described here, as well as the impact of gender and age.
Factors associated with health care utilization and catastrophic health expenditure among cancer patients in China: Evidence from the China health and retirement longitudinal study
Authors: Deng Penghong , Fu Yu , Chen Mingsheng , Si Lei 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundCancer, the leading cause of mortality in China, is a significant burden on patients, their families, the medical system, and society at large. However, there is minimal data on health service utilization and catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) among cancer patients in China. The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with health care utilization and CHE in Chinese cancer patients.MethodsThe 2018 wave of a nationally representative dataset, the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, was used in our study. Of 18,968 respondents recruited for the analysis, 388 were clinically diagnosed with cancer. CHE was defined as household health expenditure that exceeded 40% of non-food household expenses. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify the risks of cancer exposure among all participants, along with the likelihood of CHE in households with cancer patients at the 40% threshold. A negative binomial regression model was used to identify determinants of health service utilization among cancer patients.ResultsContracting a family physician (incidence rate ratio IRR: 2.38, 1.18–4.77), Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance (IRR: 4.02, 1.91–8.46, compared to the uninsured), Urban and Rural Resident Basic Medical Insurance (IRR: 3.08, 1.46–6.49, compared to the uninsured), and higher per-capita household consumption were positively associated with inpatient service utilization. Patients with a college education and above reported a greater number of outpatient visits (IRR: 5.78, 2.56–13.02) but fewer inpatient hospital days (IRR: 0.37, 0.20–0.67). Being diagnosed with a non-cancer chronic non-communicable disease was associated with an increased number of outpatient visits (IRR: 1.20, 1.10–1.31). Of the 388 participants, 50.1% of households had CHE, which was negatively correlated with a larger household size (odds ratio OR: 0.52, 0.32–0.86) and lower socioeconomic status [for quintile 5 (lowest group) OR: 0.32, 0.14–0.72].ConclusionsThe socioeconomic characteristics of cancer patients had a considerable impact on their healthcare utilization. Individualized and targeted strategies for cancer management should be implemented to identify high-risk populations and trace the utilization of care among Chinese cancer patients. Strategic purchasing models in cancer care and social health insurance with expanded benefits packages for cancer patients are crucial to tackling the cancer burden in China.