bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence of metals levels, distribution and association in soil and wild edible morels of high altitudes of Pakistan: A risk assessment study
Authors: Badshah Hussain , Khan Muhammad Usman , Mumtaz Abdul Samad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study investigates the macro-nutrients and prevailing metals content in wild edible morels (WEM) and their associated soil substrates, deciphering the potential health risk posed due to their consumption at high altitudes of Pakistan. Samples of three species (Morchella crassipes, M. pulchella and M. eohespera) and their proximate soil samples were collected in triplicate from several sites of Azad Kashmir, Murree, Swat and Skardu. The concentration of macronutrients (Na, K, Ca, and Mg) and metals i.e. (Zn, Mn, Ni, Cu, Pb, Co, Cd, Cr) were assessed using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometery. In general, macronutrients in fruiting bodies and their associated soil samples were concentrated as: K > Mg > Ca > Na and Ca > Mg > K > Na, respectively. While metals in fruiting bodies of WEM were accumulated as: Zn > Cu > Ni > Mn > Co > Cr > Pb > Cd and those in underlying soil samples were: Zn > Cu > Ni > Pb > Co > Cr > Mn > Cd, respectively. Although, Cd, Pb and Zn concentration in samples of some WEM and Cd in soil had just exceeded the permissible limits set by different organizations suggesting that WEM had greater accumulation/or transfer potential for Zn, Co, Ni and Cu in their edible parts, yet the health risk index (HRI) for metals in all assessed samples was < 1. Furthermore, the correlation analyses depicted that the parameters such as pH (basic), low organic matter content and sandy texture are likely to be responsible for metals transfer to the lower pool of soil. However, the increasing concentration of some metals in WEM warrants monitoring of morels to avoid the potential health risks due to their regular usage.
Sex Related Nutritional Outcomes Among Preterm Very Low Birth Weight Infants
Authors: Parker Leslie , cruz Diomel de la , Weaver Michael , Neu Josef 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Sex-specific differences exist in morbidity and growth yet little is known about other nutritional outcomes in preterm very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. We aimed to determine the effect of sex on days to full enteral feedings and other nutritional outcomes.Study Design: This was a longitudinal 2-group comparison using secondary analysis of existing data of 314 infants born <32 weeks gestation and weighing <1500g. Information regarding nutritional outcomes was obtained from the infant’s EMR. Results: Males had higher direct bilirubin levels (p=0.04), more emesis (p=0.02), and more late-onset sepsis (p=0.04). Males weighed more at birth but not at 6-weeks and while the slope of weight increase over 6-weeks was higher in males (p=0.04), growth velocity was similar between sexes yet tended to be higher in females. Conclusion: Sex-specific differences in nutritional outcomes among VLBW infants may exist suggesting personalized nutritional support may improve health outcomes.
Effects of Fresh Bone Marrow Mononuclear Stem Cells in Rat Model of Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Tanourlouee Saman Behboodi , Zolbin Masoumeh Majidi , Azimzadeh Ashkan , Babaei Javad Fahanik , Bitaraf Masoud , Mirnia Kayvan , Kajbafzadeh Abdol-Mohammad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of intravitreal injection of bone marrow mononuclear stem cells (BMMNC) on neurological and vascular damages in a rat model of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods: Ten newborn Wistar rats were divided randomly into the control and the oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) group. Animals in the OIR group were incubated in an oxygen chamber to induce retinopathy. One eye of animals in the OIR group received BMMNC suspension (treated eyes), and the contralateral eye received the same volume of saline injection. Then, all animals underwent funduscopy, electroretinography, and histopathological assessments. Results: Compared to the saline injection group, eyes treated with BMMNC had less vascular tortuosity while veins and arteries had relatively same caliber, as revealed by fundus examination. Eyes in treatment group showed significantly elevated photopic and scotopic B waves amplitude. In histopathological assessments, nuclei count in inner retinal layer in the treatment group was significantly lower compared to untreated eyes. Also, BMMNC transplantation reduced apoptosis of neural retina cells. Conclusions: Our results indicated that intravitreal injection of BMMNC reduces neural and vascular damages and results in recovered retinal function in rat model of ROP. Ease of extraction without in vitro processing, besides the therapeutic effects of BMMNCs, make this source of stem cells as a new choice of therapy for ROP or other retinal ischemic diseases in further biomedical research.
Paremeter choice strategies and the numerical stability of Tikhonov regularized approximation formulae
Authors: Tian Lin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The paper concerns the Tikhonov regularized approximation formulae derived by the authors (An and Wu, Inverse Problems 37(1), 015008 (2020)). First, we give more specific an L2 error bound and a uniform error bound of the Tikhonov regularized approximation polynomial. From these two error bounds we know that a regularization parameter in this approximation polynomial is important. Then, we employ two strategies, the balancing principle and Brezinski-Rodriguez-Seatzu estimators, to select the regularization parameter. Some numerical experiments are given to illustrate that both parameter choice strategies can select suitable regularization parameters. The two parameter choice strategies are also compared by testing some oscillation functions. Finally, we study the numerical stability of Tikhonov regularized barycentric interpolation formula and Tikhonov regularized modified Lagrange interpolation formula. Both interpolation formulae are shown to be forward stable, and Tikhonov regularized modified Lagrange interpolation formula is also backward stable. We give numerical examples to illustrate the theoretical results.
Aybar´s classification: a simple classification for open fractures with good interobserver and intraobserver reliability.
Authors: Montoya Alfredo Aybar , Nuñez Jorge H. , Cruz Oscar A. Solís , Coronado Cesar A. Tipian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Currently, the Gustilo-Anderson classification is the most widely used means of assessing open injuries, but it has many limitations. A limitation of Gustilo-Anderson classification and current classification is that does not address the severity of injuries of the bone. The aim of this paper is to show the Aybar classification, as a simple classification of open fractures that have a good interobserver and intraobserver reliability.
Methods
Retrospective study of 141 open tibial fractures. Aybar classification was developed in 1982 and modified to its present form after the experienced in their use and the development of new management of open fractures. Thirty-eight independent, blinded observers reviewed the radiographs and skin lesions images in two separate occasions, with a minimum two-week interval between sittings. The observers represented a different level of orthopaedic training. Interobserver and intraobserver reliability, was analyzed.
Results
Inter-observer and intra-observer assessment demonstrated a high reliability compared with the Gustilo–Anderson classification. Also, there was a high agreement between residents and surgeons, with kappa value > 0.80.
Conclusions
The classification had a good inter-observer and intra-observer agreement and it is presents in a simple and understandable shape for the prognostics of open fracture, through a cross-table diagram.
Bronchogenic Cysts in Rare Sites (Retroperitoneum, Skin, Spinal Cord, or Pericardial Cavity): A Case Series and Characterization of Epithelial Phenotypes
Authors: Onishi Yusuke , Kawabata Shigeru , Yasuda Emi , Ibuki Naokazu , Azuma Haruhito , Hirota Yuka , Ueda Koichi , Neo Masashi , Daimon Masahiro , Kurisu Yoshitaka , Hirose Yoshinobu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Bronchogenic cyst is a congenital malformation of the bronchial tree, detected as a cystic and/or mass lesion in the thoracic cavity. Although its occurrence in distant locations, such as the skin and retroperitoneum, has been reported, the components and phenotypes of the epithelium that line a bronchogenic cyst in rare sites have scarcely been evaluated.Case presentation: We reviewed 34 available bronchogenic cysts that were surgically resected at Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital from 1998 to 2020. We found several bronchogenic cysts in rare sites, and reconfirmed their diagnoses based on the following anatomopathological criteria: the presence of pseudostratified, ciliated, and/or columnar epithelium together with at least one of the following – cartilage, smooth muscle, or seromucous glands. The phenotypes of the epithelium lining the cyst were characterized using immunohistochemical analysis. Six bronchogenic cysts in rare sites (two cases in the retroperitoneum, two cases in the skin, one case in the cervical spinal cord, and one case in the pericardial cavity) met the criteria for the reconfirmation of the diagnoses. The epithelium lining the cyst stained positive for cytokeratin CK7 and thyroid transcription factor 1 (a marker expressed in thyroid follicle, and bronchial epithelium), and negative for CK20, indicating that the phenotypes were similar to those of the respiratory epithelium. Conclusions: This study shows that a bronchogenic cyst could occur in rare sites, such as the retroperitoneum, skin, spinal cord, and pericardial cavity, suggesting that it should be listed as a differential diagnosis before surgical resection in order to apply relevant management modalities.
An Investigation into the Structural, Electronic, and Non-Linear Optical Properties in C N (N=20, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, and 38) Fullerene Cages
Authors: Soyarslan K. , Ortatepe B. , Yurduguzel B. , Güllüoğlu M. T. , Erdogdu Y. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The present study attempts to investigate the structural, electronic, and non-linear optical properties of CN (N = 20, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, and 38) fullerene cages based on Density Functional Theory (DFT). In the DFT calculations, the B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) and CAM-B3LYP/6-311 + + G(d,p) level of theories were used. The isomers of each fullerene have been received from the Fullerene Structure Library. These isomers have optimized using the B3LYP/6-311G(d,p). The results included optimization of the neutral, and ionic state structures according to their multiplicity. Geometries, optimization energies, relative energies, frequencies, HOMO, LUMO, and HOMO-LUMO gap of these stable fullerene cages have been predicted by B3LYP/6-311G(d,p). Afterwards, the most stable structures have been re-optimized using the CAM-B3LYP /6-311 + + G(d,p). Finally, non-linear optical properties, fukui functions, density of state, electron affinity, ionization potential values of the most stable fullerene cages have been found out by the DFT/ CAM-B3LYP /6-311 + + G(d,p) level of theory. All calculation results have been compared with both C60 fullerene and the relevant literature on corresponding fullerenes.
Emergence of psychiatric adverse events during antipsychotic treatment in naive children and adolescents
Authors: Menard Marie-Line , Auby Philippe , Cruzel Coralie , Cohen David , Bonnot Olivier , Askenazy Florence , Thümmler Suzanne , group ETAPE Study 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Over the last decades, antipsychotic prescriptions in children have increased worldwide. Nevertheless, adverse events are frequently observed, with some such as psychiatric adverse events remaining poorly documented. Method: The French ETAPE study is a 12-month naturalistic prospective multisite study that included 190 naïve pediatric patients (mean age = 12±3 years), treated by antipsychotic for psychotic or non-psychotic symptoms. From the ETAPE database, we performed additional analyses focusing on psychiatric adverse events.Results: Children received mainly second-generation antipsychotic for conditions out of regulatory approval, with risperidone and aripiprazole being the most frequent (respectively 52.5% and 30.83%). Clinicians reported 2447 adverse events, mainly non-psychiatric (n=2073, 84.72%), including neuromuscular, metabolic, gastroenterological, and (n=374, 15.28%) psychiatric. 55.88% of psychiatric adverse events were attributable to antipsychotic by the clinician, compared to 89% of non-psychiatric AEs (p<0.001). 63.2% (n=120) of the 190 children and adolescents presented at least one psychiatric adverse event. The most frequent were externalized behaviors such as aggressiveness or agitation (22.7%), mood changes (18.4%) and suicidal ideas or behaviors (11.8%). Half of psychiatric adverse events occurred during the first quarter, 49.46%, compared to 23.79% during the second, 15.77% during the third, and 10.96% during the fourth. Conclusion: This additional analysis from the French ETAPE study emphasizes that psychiatric adverse events might be more frequent than expected in the pediatric population. Also, the potential risk of psychiatric adverse events should be part of the benefit-risk evaluation and sub-sequent follow-up.
CDH17 as a Cell Surface Immunotherapy Target in Colorectal Cancer: An In Silico Analysis
Authors: Wong Kah Keng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Immunotherapy development against colorectal cancer (CRC) is hindered by the lack of surface antigen highly expressed in cancer cells but with restricted presence in normal tissues to minimize off-tumor toxicities. In this in silico analysis, a longlist of genes (n=13,488) expressed in CRCs according to the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database were evaluated to shortlist for potential surface targets based on the following prerequisites: (i) Absent from the brain and lung tissues to minimize the likelihood of neurologic and pulmonary toxicities; (ii) Restricted expression profile in other normal human tissues; (iii) Genes that potentially encode cell surface proteins and; (iv) At least moderately expressed in CRC cases. Fifteen potential targets were shortlisted and subsequently ranked according to the combination of their transcript and protein expression levels in CRCs derived from multiple datasets (i.e. DepMap, TCGA, CPTAC-2, and HPA CRCs). The top-ranked target with the highest and homogenous expression in CRCs was cadherin 17 (CDH17). Downstream in silico analyses in CRC cases showed that CDH17 was highly correlated with carcinoembryonic antigen expression, CDH17 expression was lower in cases with high microsatellite instability, as well as negatively associated with the expression of MHC class I and II molecules. In summary, CDH17 represents an optimal target for immunotherapy development against CRCs, and this study provides a framework to shortlist for promising surface targets for immunotherapy development against other malignancies.
Establishment and validation of a predictive model for post-transplantation diabetes mellitus based on glucose status on day 3 after kidney transplantation
Authors: Yang xiuyan , Li Zheng , Cai Qiuqin , Cui Yu , Deng Hao , Xu Weiwei , Peng Wenhan , Wang Rending , Huang Hongfeng , Chen Jianghua , Wu Jianyong , Huang Lihua 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background and objectives: Post-transplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a common complication following kidney transplantation that significantly impacts long-term clinical outcomes. The current study aimed to develop a practical model for predicting the risk of PTDM based on glucose status on day 3 after kidney transplantation.Methods: This study enrolled 300 kidney transplant recipients between October 2018 and July 2019. All recipients were randomly assigned to either development or validation cohorts in a 2:1 ratio. Univariate logistic regression was used for predictor selection. The nomogram was created using a multivariate logistic regression model and calibrated by the receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC), the calibration curves, and the decision-curve analysis. The validation model externally validated the model.Results: The cumulative probability of developing PTDM within one-year of a kidney transplant was 11%. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses identified hyperglycemia on day 3 (OR 2.02, 95% CI: 1.34-3.07, p < 0.001) and recipient age (OR 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02-1.15, p = 0.007) as independent risk factors for PTDM. The calculated potential predictive risk for PTDM was found to be in perfect agreement with the observed prevalence of PTDM. When compared to the previously used glucose statute on day 5, our model had better predictive performance. Moreover, higher risk of PTDM was associated with a lower recovery rate of graft function.Conclusion: Our study confirmed that the prediction model based on day 3 blood glucose levels can provide an early and accurate prediction of PTDM. This model will assist our clinicians in identifying and intervening in high-risk patients on time to prevent PTDM.
Oscillations in anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortex explain learning alterations in trait anxiety
Authors: Hein Thomas , Gong Zheng , Ivanova Marina , Fedele Tommaso , Nikulin Vadim , Herrojo-Ruiz Maria 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Recent work suggests that anxiety biases how individuals form beliefs and estimate uncertainty, modulating learning. Yet the precise neural underpinnings of these computational alterations remain undetermined. Here we assess whether oscillatory activity in regions of the overlapping anxiety and decision-making circuitry, such as the medial prefrontal, anterior cingulate and orbitofrontal cortex (mPFC, ACC, OFC), is associated with misestimation of uncertainty and altered belief updating in anxiety. In a magnetoencephalography experiment, two groups of human participants pre-screened with high and low trait anxiety (HTA, LTA: 39) performed a volatile probabilistic reward-based learning task. A hierarchical Bayesian model revealed that HTA undermines learning through an overestimation of volatility leading to faster belief updating, more stochastic decisions and pronounced lose-shift tendencies. Using convolution modelling for oscillatory responses in the source space, we observed enhanced gamma activity in HTA during the encoding of unsigned precision-weighted prediction errors (pwPE). These effects emerged in the ACC, dorsomedial PFC (dmPFC), and OFC, and they were accompanied by additional suppression of ACC alpha/beta activity with pwPE and precision-weights in HTA. Our study supports the association between altered learning in trait anxiety and faster updating of beliefs through gamma and alpha/beta activity changes across the ACC, dmPFC and OFC.
Tumor necrosis factor α, agonist and antagonists of cannabinoid receptor type 1 and type 2 alter the immunephenotype of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth
Authors: Trevizani Marizia , Leal Laís Lopardi , Rettore João Vitor Paes , Macedo Gilson Costa , Alves Caio César Souza , Castro Sandra Bertelli Ribeiro , Carmo Antônio Márcio Resende , Silva Silvioney Augusto , Maranduba Carlos Magno Costa , Silva Fernando Sá 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is composed of endocannabinoid molecules synthesizing and degrading ligands and cannabinoid receptors such as types CB1 and CB2. The ECS is present in various tissues and cell types, such as in central nervous system, immune system, and mesenchymal stem cells. The presence of these receptors in both immune system cells and stem cells shows a common pathway of communication-related to repair and immunomodulation. The aim of the present study was to verify the participation of ECS in the immunomodulatory profile of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), in the presence or absence of TNF-α. SHED was cultured in the presence or absence of the agonist anandamide and the two antagonists AM251 and SR144528 of CB1 and CB2 receptors, under stimulation or not of TNF-α. For immunomodulation analysis, surface molecules linked to immunomodulation: HLA-DR, PD-L1 and PD-L2 were measured by flow cytometry. The results showed that SHED respond to ECS and TNF-α by altering key molecules of the immune response. It is concluded that the inhibition of endocannabinoid receptors added with the pro-inflammatory effect of TNF-α led SHED to show increased HLA-DR, as well as, to assume an anti-inflammatory profile by increasing PD-L1 and PD-L2.
Guaranteed Data Destruction Strategies and Drive Sanitization: SSD
Authors: Suthar Hepi , Sharma Priyanka 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Data destruction is an inevitable and very important part of the life cycle of almost every drive. Replacing a hard drive, memory card or SSD drive must be preceded by the destruction of the information stored on them. And here is the very case when even those “who have nothing to hide” should think about it. Anything can be found on old hard drives - up to account passwords. Here are just a few dozen of the most notorious cases of leaks from hard drives that were not properly destroyed: Residual Data on Used Equipment. To prevent this from happening, data on storage media must be carefully deleted before selling, donating, or simply throwing away the device. Today we will talk about how to ensure that information is deleted from a variety of media. The variety of ways and methods of data destruction is amazing. This diversity is due not least to the fact that in different types of devices the methods of storing information vary greatly. Moreover, the methods of deleting recorded data are also different. Let's start with the most common medium - a conventional magnetic hard drive.
The risk of occult HBV infection in HBcAb-positive general population: a systematic review and meta-analyses
Authors: Yang Yuting , Xing Huiwu , Wu Guojin , Huang Ailong , Zhao Yao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background & Aim:
Hepatitis B is still a significant public health concern worldwide. The disease burden of occult HBV infection (OBI) has received more widespread attention. Hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb)-positive is the seromarker of past HBV infection. Whether HBcAb can be used as the surrogate for OBI screening remains controversial. A meta-analysis is performed to evaluate the risk of OBI in HBcAb-positive general population.
Method
We search published studies in electronic databases which evaluated the prevalence of OBI in HBcAb-positive general population from January 1990 to April 2022, including Pubmed, Web of science, Embase, and Cochrane Library Central through April 18, 2022. The scope of this search was restricted to article published in English.
Results
Forty-three studies were including in the study, involving 19,777 individuals, 39 (39/43, 91%) original researches with blood detection, and 4 (4/43, 9%) with liver tissue samples. We found the pooled estimated incidences of OBI were 8% (95% CI: 4–13) in HBcAb-positive and 2% (95% CI: 0–4) in HBcAb-negative with blood sample detection, 66% [95% CI: 36–91]) and 0% (95% CI: 0–2) with liver tissue detection, respectively; variable sensitivities and specificities of HBV DNA detection methods were used in different studies.
Conclusion
The risk of OBI is significantly higher in HBcAb-positive general population than HBcAb-negative. It is necessary to consider HBcAb as a serological surrogate for OBI screening. Establishing standardized and validated confirmation assays for OBI diagnosis are warranted to support the goal of eliminating of HBV infection worldwide.