bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Instrumentation Across the Cervicothoracic Junction Does Not Improve Patient-reported Outcomes in Multilevel Posterior Cervical Decompression and Fusion
Authors: Toci Gregory R. , Karamian Brian A. , Lambrechts Mark J. , Mao Jennifer , Mandel Jenna , Darrach Tallulah , Canseco Jose A. , Kaye I. David , Woods Barrett I. , Rihn Jeffrey , Kurd Mark F. , Hilibrand Alan S. , Kepler Christopher K. , Vaccaro Alexander R. , Schroeder Gregory D. 
Published: April 2022

Study Design:
This was a retrospective cohort.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to determine if instrumentation across the cervicothoracic junction (CTJ) in elective multilevel posterior cervical decompression and fusion (PCF) is associated with improved patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

Summary of Background Data:
Fusion across the CTJ may result in lower revision rates at the expense of prolonged operative duration. However, it is unclear whether constructs crossing the CTJ affect PROMs.

Materials and Methods:
Standard Query Language (SQL) identified patients with PROMs who underwent elective multilevel PCF (≥3 levels) at our institution. Patients were grouped based on anatomic construct: crossing the CTJ (crossed) versus not crossing the CTJ (noncrossed). Subgroup analysis compared constructs stopping at C7 or T1. Independent t tests and χ2 tests were utilized for continuous and categorical data, respectively. Regression analysis controlled for baseline demographics. The α was set at 0.05.

Results:
Of the 160 patients included, the crossed group (92, 57.5%) had significantly more levels fused (5.27 vs. 3.71, P<0.001), longer operative duration (196 vs. 161 min, P=0.003), greater estimated blood loss (242 vs. 160 mL, P=0.021), and a decreased revision rate (1.09% vs. 10.3%, P=0.011). Neither crossing the CTJ (vs. noncrossed) nor constructs spanning C3–T1 (vs. C3–C7) were independent predictors of ∆PROMs (change in preoperative minus postoperative patient-reported outcomes) on regression analysis. However, C3–C7 constructs had a greater revision rate than C3–T1 constructs (15.6% vs. 1.96%, P=0.030).

Conclusion:
Crossing the CTJ in patients undergoing elective multilevel PCF was not an independent predictor of improvement in PROMs at 1 year, but they experienced lower revision rates.

Level of Evidence:
Level III.
Referring high-risk individuals for lung cancer screening: A systematic review of interventions with healthcare professionals
Authors: Saab Mohamad M. , O’Driscoll Michelle , Sahm Laura J. , Leahy-Warren Patricia , Noonan Brendan , FitzGerald Serena , Kilty Caroline , O’Malley Maria , Lyons Noreen , Hegarty Josephine 
Published: April 2022

Objective
This systematic review described the effect of interventions aimed at helping Healthcare Professionals refer high-risk individuals for lung cancer screening. Primary outcomes included: lung cancer detection, screening for lung cancer, lung cancer treatments received and lung cancer mortality. Healthcare professionals’ knowledge and awareness of lung cancer screening served as secondary outcomes.

Methods
Experimental studies published between January 2016 and 2021 were included. The search was conducted in MEDLINE, CINAHL, ERIC, PsycARTICLES, PsycInfo and Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and the level of evidence was assessed using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network grading system.

Results
Nine studies were included. Nurse navigation, electronic prompts for lung cancer screening and shared decision-making helped improve patient outcomes. Specialist screenings yielded more significant incidental findings and a higher percentage of Lung-RADS 1 results (i.e. no nodules/definitely benign nodules), while Primary Care Physician screenings were associated with higher numbers of Lung-RADS 2 results (i.e. benign nodules with a very low likelihood to becoming malignant). An increase in Healthcare Professionals’ knowledge and awareness of lung cancer screening was achieved using group-based learning compared to lecture-based education delivery.

Conclusions
The effectiveness of Nurse navigation is evident, as are the benefits of adequate training, shared decision-making, as well as a structured, clear and well-understood referral processes supported by the use of electronic system-incorporated prompts.
Development and Validation of a Dried Blood Spot Assay Using UHPLC-MS/MS to Identify and Quantify 12 Antihypertensive Drugs and 4 Active Metabolites: Clinical Needs and Analytical Limitations
Authors: Peeters Laura E. J. , Bahmany Soma , Dekker Tim , Aliawi Aya , van Domburg Bart , Versmissen Jorie , Koch Birgit C. P. 
Published: April 2022

Purpose:
As nonadherence to antihypertensive drugs (AHDs) can increase the risk of cardiovascular events, hospitalization, and higher costs, there is a need for a reliable, objective, and easy method to assess nonadherence in patients. The dried blood spot (DBS) sampling method used to measure drug concentrations meets these requirements. For detecting nonadherence, identification is more important than quantification. Owing to their use in clinical practice, it is important to measure multiple AHDs with a single method. Therefore, we developed and validated a single DBS method for 17 commonly used AHDs and 4 active metabolites using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS).

Methods:
Analytical validation of the DBS assay was performed in accordance with the guidelines on bioanalytical method validation of the European Medicines Agency and US Food and Drug Administration as well as the International Association of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Clinical Toxicology guidelines.

Results:
We validated 12 of the 17 AHDs according to the European Medicines Agency and Food and Drug Administration requirements for bioanalytical method validation. Eleven AHDs were validated for both identification and quantification of drug concentrations, whereas nifedipine was only validated for identification. However, 5 of the 17 AHDs were excluded due to suboptimal validation results. Lercanidipine was excluded due to nonlinearity, and all 4 AHDs measured in the negative mode of UHPLC-MS/MS were not in accordance with one or more of the acceptance criteria and were therefore excluded.

Conclusions:
The described method accurately measured AHDs in DBS and can be used to determine nonadherence in patients. However, method validation revealed a challenging balance between analytical limitations and clinical needs when analyzing multiple drugs using the same method.
High-Sensitivity and High-Throughput Quantification of Everolimus in Human Whole Blood Using Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Miyagi Chika , Tanaka Ryota , Hirata Kenshiro , Watanabe Takuma , Tatsuta Ryosuke , Miyamura Shigeyuki , Itoh Hiroki 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Rigorous dose adjustment by therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is recommended when everolimus (EVR) is administered for immunosuppression. In this study, the authors developed a highly sensitive ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with the tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method for measuring EVR concentrations in whole blood using a high-throughput solid-phase extraction method for sample pretreatment. Furthermore, the blood EVR concentrations in routine TDM samples from patients who underwent renal transplantation measured using the established UHPLC-MS/MS method were compared with those measured using the latex agglutination turbidimetric immunoassay (LTIA).

Methods:
Blood samples were pretreated by solid-phase extraction using a 96-well HLB µElution plate. The clinical application of the newly developed method was evaluated using 87 blood samples from 19 patients who underwent kidney transplant.

Results:
The calibration curve showed good linearity over a wide range of 0.1–50 ng/mL, with relative error ≤15% obtained from the back calculation of calibrators, and ≤20% for the lower limit of quantification. Within-batch and batch-to-batch accuracies and precisions fulfilled the acceptance criteria of the US Food and Drug Administration guidelines for bioanalytical method validation. The extraction recovery rates were good (≥65.2%), and almost no matrix effects were found in any of the quality control samples. Blood EVR concentrations measured by UHPLC-MS/MS were positively correlated with those measured by LTIA. A Bland–Altman plot indicated that the UHPLC-MS/MS method yielded better measurements than the LTIA method, regardless of the concentration.

Conclusions:
Therefore, the authors succeeded in developing a novel high-sensitivity and high-throughput method for measuring blood EVR concentration by UHPLC-MS/MS using a µElution plate for sample pretreatment.
Depressive Symptoms After Acute Myocardial Infarction and Its Association With Low Functional Capacity and Physical Activity
Authors: Lee Sanghee , Kim Won-Seok 
Published: April 2022

Purpose:
Depressive symptoms after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are related with adverse health outcomes. However, the risk factors and course of depressive symptoms after AMI have not been widely investigated, especially in Asian populations. We aimed to evaluate changes in the prevalence of depressive symptoms and the associated risk factors at 3 mo after AMI. We also investigated the associations among functional capacity, physical activity (PA), and depressive symptoms.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted for 1545 patients who were admitted for AMI and referred to cardiac rehabilitation (CR) between August 2015 and March 2019. Of these patients, 626 patients completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Korean Activity Scale Index (KASI), and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) 3 mo following AMI. A PHQ-9 score of ≥5 was considered to indicate depressive symptoms.

Results:
The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 30% at baseline and decreased to 12% at 3 mo after AMI. Depressive symptoms were significantly associated with low functional capacity (OR = 2.20, P = .004) and unemployment status (OR = 1.82, P = .023). After adjusting for variables including functional capacity, depressive symptoms exhibited a significant relationship with low PA after AMI (OR = 1.80, P = .023).

Conclusion:
Systematic screening and treatment for depressive symptoms and efforts to promote CR may help to improve PA and functional capacity in Korean patients with AMI. Such efforts may aid in reducing the depressive symptoms and related adverse outcomes.
AIR VERSUS SULFUR HEXAFLUORIDE GAS TAMPONADE IN VITRECTOMY FOR UNCOMPLICATED RETINAL DETACHMENT WITH INFERIOR BREAKS
Authors: Uemura Akinori , Mihara Naohisa , Yamakiri Keita , Santo Kyoko , Hamada Takuto , Sakamoto Taiji 
Published: April 2022

Purpose:To compare surgical outcomes of filtered air and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) as an internal tamponade in patients undergoing primary 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy for uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with inferior breaks.Methods:Patients with uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment associated with inferior breaks (between 4 and 8 o'clock positions) who were undergoing primary pars plana vitrectomy were enrolled. All eyes underwent pars plana vitrectomy and complete drainage of subretinal fluid, followed by filtered air or 20% SF6 tamponade. The main outcome measures included single-surgery anatomical success rates and final visual recovery.Results:Overall, 116 eyes of 116 patients (81 men and 35 women with a mean age of 55.2 years) were assessed. Air was used in 52 eyes (air group) and gas in 64 eyes (gas group). Single-surgery anatomical success was achieved in 50 (96.2%) and 60 (93.8%) eyes in the air and gas groups, respectively (P= 0.69), and final anatomical success was achieved in all eyes. The mean final Snellen visual acuity was similar in the air (20/23) and gas groups (20/21;P= 0.13).Conclusion:No significant differences were observed in single-surgery anatomical success rates and final visual recovery when comparing air with SF6 gas tamponade in pars plana vitrectomy for primary uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with inferior breaks.
Risk factors for pneumothorax and pulmonary hemorrhage following computed tomography-guided transthoracic core-needle biopsy of subpleural lung lesions
Authors: Chiu Jui-Han , Chang Ying-Yueh , Weng Ching-Yao , Lee Ying-Chi , Yeh Yi-Chen , Chen Chun-Ku 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Identifying the risk factors for complications may alert the physicians and help them adjust their plans before performing computed tomography–guided lung biopsies. Reportedly, a pleura-nodule distance longer than 2.0 cm is a strong predictor for pneumothorax and pulmonary hemorrhage. However, the rate and risk factors of biopsy-associated complications in subpleural lesions have not been assessed. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for pneumothorax and pulmonary hemorrhage in subpleural lesions ≤2.0 cm in depth.

Methods:
Altogether, 196 patients (196 subpleural lesions, lesion depth: 0.1–2.0 cm) who underwent computed tomography–guided transthoracic core-needle biopsies between March 2017 and November 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate analysis of risk factors including patient-related, lesion-related, and procedure-related characteristics was performed for pneumothorax ≥1 cm and pulmonary hemorrhage ≥2 cm after the biopsy. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the independent risk factors.

Results:
Pneumothorax ≥1 cm and pulmonary hemorrhage ≥2 cm were identified in 35 (17.9%) and 32 (16.3%) cases, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, a longer needle path (odds ratio [OR], 1.976; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.113−3.506; p = 0.020) and low attenuation along the biopsy tract (OR, 3.080; 95% CI, 1.038−9.139; p = 0.043) were predictors of pneumothorax ≥ 1 cm. Ground-glass lesions (OR, 2.360; 95% CI, 1.009–5.521; p = 0.048) and smaller needle-pleura angle (OR, 0.325; 95% CI, 0.145−0.728; p = 0.006) were associated with pulmonary hemorrhage ≥2 cm.

Conclusion:
For subpleural lesions ≤2.0 cm in depth, a puncture route having a shorter needle path and passing through the lung parenchyma with higher attenuation may reduce the risk of biopsy-associated pneumothorax ≥1 cm. A higher needle-pleura angle may reduce the risk of pulmonary hemorrhage ≥2 cm in the short axis.
Factors Affecting Telemedicine Implementation in Emergency Departments and Nurses’ Perceptions of Virtual Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner Consultation for Sexual Assault Survivors
Authors: Allison M. Kathryn , Curran Geoffrey M. , Walsh Wendy A. , Dworkin Emily R. , Zielinski Melissa J. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Emergency department (ED) nurses play a critical role in caring for sexual assault patients, but many have not received training on how to conduct a proper sexual assault forensic medical examination. Live or real-time sexual assault nurse examiner (SANE) consultation provided via telemedicine (known as “teleSANE”) during sexual assault examinations is a promising new practice to address this issue.

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to assess ED nurses' perceptions of influences on telemedicine use, as well as the utility and feasibility of teleSANE, and identify potential influences on teleSANE implementation in EDs.

Methods
Guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, this developmental evaluation involved semistructured qualitative interviews with 15 ED nurses from 13 EDs.

Results
Interviews revealed facilitators and barriers to current telemedicine use across Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research levels. Facilitators included state-level grant funding and technical assistance. Barriers included clinician discomfort being on video and access to ongoing training. Participants believed teleSANE consultation would improve patient care and forensic evidence collection but had concerns for patient privacy and acceptability. Most participants worked in EDs that have the information technology support and telemedicine equipment needed to support teleSANE implementation, although many requested ongoing education and trainings on teleSANE and sexual assault care to improve clinician confidence and account for high staff turnover.

Discussion
Findings highlight the unique needs of sexual assault survivors receiving telemedicine services in EDs, particularly those in rural communities with heightened privacy concerns and limited access to specialty care.
Improving the Forensic Documentation of Injuries Through Alternate Light: A Researcher–Practitioner Partnership
Authors: Scafide Katherine N. , Ekroos Rachell A. , Mallinson R. Kevin , Alshahrani Abeer , Volz Jessica , Holbrook Debra S. , Hayat Matthew J. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
An alternate light source (ALS) is a practitioner-driven technology that can potentially improve the documentation of injuries among victims of interpersonal violence. However, evidence-based guidelines are needed to incorporate and document an ALS skin assessment into a forensic medical examination that accurately reflects the science, context of forensic nursing practice, trauma-informed responses, and potential impact on criminal justice stakeholders. This article introduces the forensic nursing community to a current translation-into-practice project focused on developing and evaluating an ALS implementation program to improve the assessment and documentation of bruises among adult patients with a history of interpersonal violence. Our researcher–practitioner collaboration uses theory-based approaches that consider both the developed program's practice context and stakeholder impact. The goal is to provide evidentiary support for adult victims of violence and a more equitable forensic nursing practice that benefits diverse patient populations.
Short-term Endoscopic Outcomes of Balloon and Rigid Bronchoplasty in the Management of Benign Subglottic and Tracheal Stenosis
Authors: Di Felice Christopher , Alraiyes Abdul H. , Gillespie Colin , Machuzak Michael , Gildea Thomas R. , Sethi Sonali , Cicenia Joseph , Mehta Atul C. , Almeida Francisco A. 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Endoscopic therapies are firmly established in the management algorithm of benign subglottic and tracheal stenosis (SGTS). The optimal dilation strategy, however, has yet to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of balloon versus rigid bronchoplasty in the treatment of benign SGTS.

Methods:
De novo cases of benign SGTS at our institution over a 9-year period were retrospectively identified. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on the initial dilation strategy of balloon or rigid bronchoplasty. Demographics, clinical findings, concurrent interventions, lesion characteristics, and complications were analyzed. Two reviewers independently assigned an index and follow-up endoscopic stenosis grade for each case. The mean stenosis grade at follow-up in both groups was then calculated and compared.

Results:
Sixty-three patients with benign SGTS were included. Most stenoses in the rigid (80%) and balloon (63%) bronchoplasty groups were complex (P=0.174). In addition, 94% (59/63) of index stenoses were classified as Cotton Myer Grade 3. At follow-up, no significant difference was found in the mean stenosis grade between dilation strategies (1.97 vs. 2.2, P=0.287). Furthermore, no procedural-related complications were observed in either group.

Conclusion:
Balloon and rigid bronchoplasty are safe and effective endoscopic tools in the early management of benign SGTS. A multimodality approach centered around mucosal sparing techniques remains vitally important to the overall and likely long-term success of treating this challenging disease entity.
Adaptation of a Lean Tool Across Surgical Units to Improve Patient Experience
Authors: Salinas Brianna 
Published: April 2022

Background:
High reliability organizations (HROs) sustain consistently excellent outcomes over time. Health care systems need to eliminate major quality failures to become reliable.

Local Problem:
Practice variations, unstructured leader rounds, and unfavorable patient experience outcomes with Responsiveness of Hospital Staff prompted leaders to adopt Kamishibai cards (K-cards).

Methods:
Evidence-based practices (EBPs) such as timeliness of answering call lights, purposeful rounding, communication, and engaging patients were used to develop Responsiveness K-cards.

Interventions:
Responsiveness K-cards established standard work for staff responsiveness and audited process compliance. Findings determined what areas needed improvement, and leaders engaged frontline staff in practice changes.

Results:
Percentile rank for Responsiveness of Hospital Staff had a sustained increase. Four of 6 hospital units using Responsiveness K-cards achieved 80% rank or better in every patient experience domain for the entire fiscal year.

Conclusions:
K-cards use HRO principles to standardize practice and improve outcomes. They encourage continuous improvement, which supports the sustainability of EBPs.
Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Schizophrenia, Part II
Authors: Yttri Janne-Elin , Urfer-Parnas Annick , Parnas Josef 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Hallucination is defined in the diagnostic systems as an experience resembling true perception without causal stimulus. In this second report from an in-depth phenomenological study of schizophrenia patients experiencing auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs), we focused on the phenomenological qualities of AVHs. We found that a substantial proportion of patients could not clearly distinguish between thinking and hallucinating. The emotional tone of the voices increased in negativity. AVHs became more complex. Spatial localization was ambiguous and only 10% experienced only external hallucinations. There was an overlap with passivity phenomena in one third of the cases. The patients occasionally acted upon the content of AVHs. In the discussion section, we criticize the perceptual model of AVHs. We conclude that the definition of AVH in schizophrenia is misleading and exerts negative consequences on the clinical work and empirical research.