bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relating Patterns of Added and Redistributed Ocean Warming
Authors: Newsom Emily , Zanna Laure , Khatiwala Samar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Ocean warming patterns are a primary control on regional sea level rise and transient climate sensitivity. However, controls on these patterns in both observations and models are not fully understood, complicated as they are by their dependence on the “addition” of heat to the ocean’s interior along background ventilation pathways and on the “redistribution” of heat between regions by changing ocean dynamics. While many previous studies attribute heat redistribution to changes in high-latitude processes, here we propose that substantial heat redistribution is explained by the large-scale adjustment of the geostrophic flow to warming within the pycnocline. We explore this hypothesis in the University of Victoria Earth System Model, estimating added heat using the transport matrix method. We find that throughout the midlatitudes, subtropics, and tropics, patterns of added and redistributed heat in the model are strongly anticorrelated (R ≈ −0.75). We argue that this occurs because changes in ocean currents, acting across pre-existing temperature gradients, redistribute heat away from regions of strong passive heat convergence. Over broad scales, this advective response can be estimated from changes in upper-ocean density alone using the thermal wind relation and is linked to an adjustment of the subtropical pycnocline. These results highlight a previously unappreciated relationship between added and redistributed heat and emphasize the role that subtropical and midlatitude dynamics play in setting patterns of ocean heat storage.

Significance Statement
The point of our study was to better understand the geographic pattern of ocean warming caused by human-driven climate change. Warming patterns are challenging to predict because they are sensitive both to how the ocean absorbs heat from the atmosphere and to how ocean currents change in response to increased emissions. We showed that these processes are not independent of one another: in many regions, changes in ocean currents reduce regional variations in the build-up of new heat absorbed from the atmosphere. This finding may help to constrain future projections of regional ocean warming, which matters because ocean warming patterns have a major influence on regional sea level rise, marine ecosystem degradation, and the rate of atmospheric warming.
Screen-detected ductal carcinoma in situ, 2008–2020: An observational study
Authors: Kelly Caitriona , Fitzpatrick Patricia , Quinn Cecily , Flanagan Fidelma , Connors Alissa , Larke Aideen , Mooney Therese , Kennedy Maria , Sheehan Margaret , Bennett Michael W. , Brodie Caroline , O’Doherty Ann 
Published: March 2022

Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the grade distribution of screen-detected ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) diagnosed in Ireland, in the context of the clinical trials currently underway to determine if active surveillance is a feasible management option for low-risk DCIS. Setting BreastCheck is the national breast screening programme in Ireland, offering screening to women aged 50 to 69 every two years. Methods This study was a secondary analysis of data collected by BreastCheck on all screen-detected DCIS diagnosed in the 12 years of nationwide screening. Incidence and detection rates were calculated. Descriptive analysis of the cases was performed and, for comparative analysis, grade of DCIS was analysed as a binary variable (high vs. low/intermediate) in keeping with the inclusion criteria for active surveillance trials. Analysis was performed in IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 26. Results Between 2008 and 2020, 2240 women were diagnosed with DCIS through BreastCheck; 876 (39.1%) were low/intermediate-grade. The overall incidence rate has remained relatively stable during this period. Women with low/intermediate-grade DCIS were younger than women with high-grade DCIS (56 (interquartile range: 56-61) years v 57 (interquartile range: 53–61) years; p < 0.001). They were also more likely to have been diagnosed at an initial screening episode compared with those who had high-grade lesions (42.5% v 29.0%; p < 0.001). Conclusion If current clinical trials recommend active surveillance as a feasible option for DCIS, up to 40% of women with screen-detected DCIS may be eligible. These women are younger and often diagnosed on initial screening episode, so may require longer active follow-up.
It’s About Time: Understanding Job Crafting Through the Lens of Individuals’ Temporal Characteristics
Authors: Weisman Hannah , Bindl Uta K. , Gibson Cristina B. , Unsworth Kerrie L. 
Published: March 2022

Job crafting refers to the myriad ways employees customize their jobs, such as by altering their tasks and social interaction at work. Numerous scholars over the past 20 years have remarked on the overall need to better understand the role of time in job crafting. However, the literature has not considered how employees think about time, or, relatedly, how they use and manage it—and why this might matter for job crafting. To address these unresolved issues, the current paper develops a conceptual model of individual-level, time-related characteristics that shape employees’ engagement in job crafting and the effects of job crafting efforts on their well-being. We first review the prevailing understanding of time in job crafting research: merely operating as a medium for change, in the background. We then introduce our new conceptualization of time as central to job crafting—as temporal characteristics of the job crafter—and develop a conceptual model in which time-related constructs play a key role in influencing job crafting and its effects. Our model proposes that employees’ career stage, as well as their polychronicity preference and temporal focus, predicts engagement in job crafting, whereas employees’ time management and time urgency act as key moderators that shape the implications of job crafting for employees’ well-being. By theorizing on time in job crafting, our model thus contributes to understanding relevant antecedents and outcomes of job crafting. We conclude our paper by offering an agenda for future research to further incorporate the role of time in job crafting.
Motion event representation in L1-Turkish versus L2-English speech and gesture: Relations to eye movements for event components
Authors: Aktan-Erciyes Aslı , Akbuğa Emir , Kızıldere Erim , Göksun Tilbe 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: We investigated interrelations among speech, co-speech gestures, and visual attention in first language (L1)-Turkish second language (L2)-English speakers’ descriptions of motion events. We asked whether young adults differed in their spoken, gestural expressions, and visual attention toward event components of manner (how an action is performed) and path (the trajectory of an action) after controlling for their L2 proficiency. Methodology: Participants were 49 native Turkish speakers ( Mage = 20.98) whose second language is English. After watching each video (recording eye movements), they were asked to describe the motion event videos, and their speech and gesture were coded. English competence level was measured using a standardized assessment. Data and Analysis: We performed analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) to investigate both within- and across-language differences for L1-Turkish and L2-English spoken and gestural expressions. To analyze eye-gaze behaviors with respect to language and event component differences, we performed t-tests. Last, hierarchical linear regressions were conducted to examine the relationship between visual attention and the use of path and manner in speech and gesture separately. Findings: For L1-Turkish speech, participants used more path than manner constructions, indicating no particular effect of L2 on L1. For L2-English, participants used similar amounts of path and manner descriptions. Path gestures dominated for both L1-Turkish and L2-English. Participants allocated more attention to figures possibly related to manners rather than grounds (paths). There was no effect of L2 proficiency on verbal and gestural explanations or visual attention to events. Originality: This study adopts an integrative approach through investigating speech, gesture, and eye-gaze behavior patterns in motion event conceptualization while also addressing L1 and L2 differences within this framework. Implications: These findings highlight the similarities in visual attention and the use of gestures across L1-Turkish and L2-English motion event descriptions, and only an expected difference in verbal expressions.
On the pragmatic function of utterance-level declination as deployed by speakers with multilingual repertoires
Authors: Steien Guri Bordal , Svennevig Jan , Jensen Bård Uri 
Published: March 2022

Aim and objectives/purpose/research questions: The aim of this study is to examine the pragmatic function of utterance-level declination as used in conversations in French and Norwegian by 10 migrants from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) living in Norway whose repertoires are highly multilingual. Design/methodology/approach: To investigate this contour, we draw on insights from different fields, that is, research on multilingualism, Conversation Analysis (CA), and phonetics/phonology. Data and analysis: By an automatic procedure, we examined pitch variations of 400 declarative utterances (200 in Norwegian and 200 in French). The procedure found that 38 of the utterances have declination. These were then analyzed qualitatively with methods from CA in the context of the sequence. The aim of the CA was to assess the pragmatic functions of the contour. Findings/conclusions: We found that utterance-level declination is a marked contour, that is, used to make certain utterances prominent in relation to other utterances of the sequence. The contour has the same functions in French and Norwegian for these speakers. Our conclusion is that the contour is a flexible resource of the speakers’ repertoires. Originality and significance/implications: This study is a contribution to the scarcely explored area of the prosody-pragmatics interface in speakers with varied linguistic repertoires. Moreover, our approach is emic and inspired by recent trends in the field of multilingualism.
Using a Non-Wearable Actigraphy in Nursing Care for Dementia With Lewy Bodies
Authors: Fukuda Chiaki , Higami Yoko , Shigenobu Kazue , Kanemoto Hideki , Yamakawa Miyae 
Published: March 2022

People who have dementia with Lewy bodies often have sleep disorders. We used non-wearable devices to record and categorize the sleep patterns of patients with Lewy body dementia. Individual sleep data at a dementia–care unit in Japan were recorded using non-wearables. One week’s worth of data from 18 patients was analyzed. Median metrics for all participants were the following: sleep efficiency, 68% (23-89); sleep duration at night, 6.8 hours (1.6-11.1); times getting out of bed at night, 3.5 (0-13). We identified three types of abnormal sleep: extremely short sleep duration, excessive sleep duration at night, and excessive number of times getting out of bed at night. Sleep disturbances in Lewy body dementia patients are treated using various practices; staff must choose the most effective plan for each patient’s situation. Monitoring patient sleep using non-wearable provides more objective data that can help staff better personalize nursing care.
Resintonizar roles profesionales para la acción comunitaria en tiempos de la COVID-19. Reflexiones desde el Observatorio de Salud Comunitaria
Authors: Blanco Daniel García , Munera Adrián Carrasco , Plaza Cristina Sanz , Llanes Jara Cubillo , García Mariano Hernán 
Published: March 2022

Introducción: La pandemia de la COVID-19 ha generado nuevas barreras a la acción comunitaria en salud, pero también ha potenciado el desarrollo de iniciativas ciudadanas para responder colectivamente a la crisis social y sanitaria. En este contexto se crea el Observatorio de Salud Comunitaria y COVID-19 (OBSCOMCOVID), un espacio en el que personas vinculadas a la salud comunitaria se encuentran para reflexionar sobre las claves de la acción comunitaria en el contexto actual y desarrollar modelos de trabajo para el futuro. Objetivos: Recopilar los aprendizajes adquiridos sobre salud comunitaria en el contexto de la pandemia por profesionales implicados en el OBSCOMCOVID. Clarificar el rol profesional en el desarrollo de la Acción Comunitaria en tiempos de la COVID-19. Identificar líneas prioritarias de actuación en relación con la acción comunitaria en salud a futuro. Método: El material base de este estudio son los cuatro conversatorios realizados por el OBSCOMCOVID entre julio y agosto del 2020. En ellos participaron 21 profesionales de Atención Primaria, Salud Pública e Intervención Social. Se realizó un análisis temático del contenido manifiesto y significados subyacentes en las narrativas de las personas participantes, triangulando posteriormente los resultados entre el equipo investigador. Resultados: Se reconoce la dimensión colectiva y social como elemento esencial en el abordaje de la emergencia, priorizando las situaciones de vulnerabilidad como elemento fundamental. Se detectan algunas barreras para la acción comunitaria en salud: enfoque biomédico y de emergencia, medidas de distanciamiento y sobrecarga de profesionales. Se identifican claves desde el rol profesional: capacidad de escucha y de vinculación con la población, legitimidad y capacidad de acción tanto dentro como fuera de lo institucional que se pueden potenciar y poner al servicio de la Acción Comunitaria. Conclusiones: La reorientación del rol profesional debe priorizar las dinámicas de abogacía, potenciar las redes comunitarias y promover la formación.
Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation modifies specific aspects of systemic sclerosis-related microvasculopathy
Authors: Santana-Gonçalves Maynara , Zanin-Silva Djúlio , Henrique-Neto Álvaro , Moraes Daniela A. , Kawashima- Vasconcelos Marianna Y. , Lima-Júnior João R. , Dias Juliana B. E. , Bragagnollo Vinícius , de Azevedo Júlia T. C. , Covas Dimas T. , Malmegrim Kelen C. R. , Ramalho Leandra , Oliveira Maria Carolina 
Published: March 2022

Objective: Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) is a therapeutic option for patients with severe and progressive systemic sclerosis (SSc). Here, we aimed to investigate how AHSCT affects the vasculopathy of SSc patients. Methods: Twenty-seven SSc patients were retrospectively assessed, before and after AHSCT, for vessel morphology (nailfold capillaroscopy), skin expression of endothelial markers and serum levels of markers of inflammation, angiogenesis and endothelial activation. Skin biopsies were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for expression of CD31, VE-cadherin, E-selectin, angiopoietin-1 (Ang1), angiopoietin-2 (Ang2), Tie-2, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), and endothelin-1 before and 12 months post-AHSCT. Serum samples from SSc patients were assessed before and up to 36 months after AHSCT for IL-6, von Willebrand factor (vWF), CXC Motif Chemokine Ligand 8 (CXCL8), Endothelin-1, epidermal growth factor (EGF), VEGFA, Pentraxin-3, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1), E-selectin, P-selectin, Thrombomodulin and IL-18 levels, and compared to healthy control samples. Results: On nailfold capillaroscopy, the number of capillaries increased at 1 year, while giant capillaries decreased at 6 months and 1 year after AHSCT. In the skin biopsies, expression of E-selectin notably decreased and Ang1 increased after AHSCT. At baseline, all vascular markers evaluated in the serum were significantly higher in SSc patients when compared to healthy controls, except for ICAM-1. When compared at different time points after AHSCT, Thrombomodulin, Pentraxin-3, vWF, and IL-18 levels remained generally stable at high levels until 36 months after AHSCT. Conclusion: Our results suggest that AHSCT contributes to improvements of the vessel morphology and dermal microvasculopathy, but does not normalize elevated levels of serum vascular markers in SSc patients. Additional vascular therapeutic approaches might contribute to more effectively treat the endothelial injury.
Study on Collision Detection Techniques for the Informed Design of Natural Views in Healthcare Environments
Authors: Ban Qichao , Lyu Min , Gao Weijun , Chen Yulin , Yao Jiawei 
Published: March 2022

Background: Natural views are an important design strategy for the application of ecological resources in built environments. Numerous clinical studies have indicated that views of nature—for example, plants—can effectively promote patient recovery by relieving their postoperative pains and negative emotions during hospitalization. Aims: This study demonstrates an intelligent method that develops algorithms of using collision detection techniques in Building Information Modeling to evaluate outdoor plant visibility for patients. Methods: These algorithms are digitized into a Revit plug-in program, which can be viewed as a design-aided tool for architects with the purpose of informing healthcare environment design in the decision-making process. Results: Its acceptability and effectiveness are evaluated based on the consultations in beta tests. Conclusions: It is believed that this method can improve the work efficiency of evaluating natural views in wards and help architects implement an informed design of built environments for better health performance. All findings in this study can contribute to the development of computational intelligence and social sustainability in the near future.
Racial and Social Determinants of Civilian Gunshot Wounds to the Head
Authors: Rolle Myron L. , McLellan Rachel M. , Nanda Pranav , Patel Aman B. , Sacks Chana A. , Masiakos Peter T. , Stapleton Christopher J. 
Published: March 2022

Objective To assess the clinical, racial, and social characteristics of victims of Gunshot wounds (GSWs) to the head and assess for associations between these factors and outcomes. Summary Background Data Previous literature has not focused on the association of race and socioeconomic factors with these specific injuries. Methods We identified patients with GSWs to the head who presented to 2 urban academic medical centers between 1998 and 2020, and extracted patient-level demographic data, information about the clinical and surgical course, and outcomes at discharge and follow-up. Results The cohort included 250 patients, 90% (n = 226) of whom were male, with a mean age of 28 years. Forty-five percent were white (n = 112), 19% Black (n = 48), 18% Latinx (n = 45), with 6% “other” (n = 16), and 12% “unknown” (n = 29). The majority of patients presented with assault-related trauma (n = 153, 61%) as compared to self-inflicted injuries (n = 97, 39%). Across the entire cohort, sex, age, race, and median income by ZIP code were not significant predictors of outcome. Victims of assault by GSW to the head were more likely to be age 18 or younger (OR 5.26, P = 0.01), between the ages of 19 and 33 years (OR 4.7, P = 0.001), Black (OR 6.66, P < .001), and Latinx (OR 2.65, P = 0.03). Most patients (n = 155, 63%) had a poor functional outcome (modified Rankin Score 3–6) at discharge. Conclusion Age, race, and income status were not independent predictors of mortality or functional outcome at discharge in our population. Assault-related GSWs to the head mostly involved young Black or Latinx men of lower socioeconomic status, while self-inflicted injuries were largely seen in older white men.
Associations Between Spousal Relationship, Husband Involvement, and Postpartum Depression Among Postpartum Mothers in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Pebryatie Elit , Paek Seung Chun , Sherer Penchan , Meemon Natthani 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Indonesia is actively promoting husband involvement in maternal health care, since it has been claimed to impact the wellbeing of mothers. This study aims to investigate the extent to which spousal relationship, husband involvement, and maternal health behavior affect postpartum depression among Indonesian mothers. Method: A survey was carried out among 336 postpartum mothers who received maternal care in 27 independent midwifery clinics in 7 regions of West Java Province, Indonesia. The measurement model of husband involvement comprising 4 dimensions, namely maternity care engagement, instrumental support, emotional support, and informational support were developed and validated using confirmatory factor analysis. The Quality of Marriage Index (QMI) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were also validated and used to measure spousal relationship and postpartum depressive symptoms. A structural equation model was specified to examine the association between spousal relationship, husband involvement, maternal healthy behavior, and postpartum depression. Results: The study confirms the assumption that the quality of the spousal relationship could determine husband’s involvement during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum (γ = .60, P < .001), eventually leading to better maternal healthy behavior (γ = .015, P < .001) and a decrease in postpartum depressive symptoms among mothers (γ = −.21, P < .001). Conclusions: The study results suggest the needs to promote comprehensive husband involvement to enhance the wellbeing of mothers. This can be achieved through couple interventions at the community level and the inclusion of a supportive role for husbands in the maternal and childcare guidebook offered during ANC visits.
BarWare: efficient software tools for barcoded single-cell genomics
Authors: Swanson Elliott , Reading Julian , Graybuck Lucas T. , Skene Peter J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundBarcode-based multiplexing methods can be used to increase throughput and reduce batch effects in large single-cell genomics studies. Despite advantages in flexibility of sample collection and scale, there are additional complications in the data deconvolution steps required to assign each cell to their originating samples.ResultsTo meet computational needs for efficient sample deconvolution, we developed the tools BarCounter and BarMixer that compute barcode counts and deconvolute mixed single-cell data into sample-specific files, respectively. Together, these tools are implemented as the BarWare pipeline to support demultiplexing from large sequencing projects with many wells of hashed 10x Genomics scRNA-seq data.ConclusionsBarWare is a modular set of tools linked by shell scripting: BarCounter, a computationally efficient barcode sequence quantification tool implemented in C; and BarMixer, an R package for identification of barcoded populations, merging barcoded data from multiple wells, and quality-control reporting related to scRNA-seq data. These tools and a self-contained implementation of the pipeline are freely available for non-commercial use athttps://github.com/AllenInstitute/BarWare-pipeline.