bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Clinical Trajectory of Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Linking Acute Care and Neurorehabilitation
Authors: Lindner Anna , Brunelli Luca , Rass Verena , Ianosi Bogdan-Andrei , Gaasch Max , Kofler Mario , Limmert Victoria , Schiefecker Alois J. , Pfausler Bettina , Beer Ronny , Pucks-Faes Elke , Helbok Raimund 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundDespite improvements in the critical care management of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), a substantial number of patients still suffer from disabilities. In most areas of the world, longitudinal follow-up is not routinely performed, and the patient’s trajectory remains unknown.MethodsWe prospectively collected data of 298 consecutive patients with spontaneous SAH and evaluated clinical trajectories at discharge, 3 months, and 1 year after SAH. In a subgroup of patients transferred to a local neurorehabilitation center (Rehab-Hochzirl), we studied the effects of rehabilitation intensity on clinical trajectories. Any decrease in the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was defined as an improvement, with mRS ≤ 2 indicating good outcome. We used multivariate generalized linear models to investigate associations with clinical trajectories.ResultsOut of the 250 surviving patients, 35% were transferred directly to Rehab-Hochzirl (n = 87 of 250; mRS at discharge = 4), 11% were transferred to another rehabilitation center (n = 27 of 250; mRS = 1), 1% were transferred to a nursing home (n = 3 of 250; mRS = 5), 21% were transferred to their country of origin (n = 52 of 250; mRS = 4), and 32% (n = 79 of 250; mRS = 1) were discharged home. Functional outcome improved in 57% (n = 122 of 215) of patients during the first 3 months, with an additional 16% (35 of 215) improving between 3 and 12 months, resulting in an overall improvement in 73% (n = 157 of 215) of survivors. After 1 year, 60% (n = 179 of 250) of patients were functionally independent. A lower Hunt and Hess scale score at intensive care unit admission, younger age, a lower mRS at intensive care unit discharge, fewer days on mechanical ventilation, and male sex were independently associated with better functional recovery. Although the subgroup of patients transferred to Rehab-Hochzirl were more severely affected, 60% (52 of 87) improved during inpatient neurorehabilitation.ConclusionsOur results indicate ongoing functional improvement in a substantial number of patients with SAH throughout a follow-up period of 12 months. This effect was also observed in patients with severe disability receiving inpatient neurorehabilitation.
Mitofusin 2 Integrates Mitochondrial Network Remodelling, Mitophagy and Renewal of Respiratory Chain Proteins in Neurons after Oxygen and Glucose Deprivation
Authors: Wojtyniak Piotr , Boratynska-Jasinska Anna , Serwach Karolina , Gruszczynska-Biegala Joanna , Zablocka Barbara , Jaworski Jacek , Kawalec Maria 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In attempts to develop effective therapeutic strategies to limit post-ischemic injury, mitochondria emerge as a key element determining neuronal fate. Mitochondrial damage can be alleviated by various mechanisms including mitochondrial network remodelling, mitochondrial elimination and mitochondrial protein biogenesis. However, the mechanisms regulating relationships between these phenomena are poorly understood. We hypothesized that mitofusin 2 (Mfn2), a mitochondrial GTPase involved in mitochondrial fusion, mitochondria trafficking and mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) tethering, may act as one of linking and regulatory factors in neurons following ischemic insult. To verify this assumption, we performed temporal oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD/R) on rat cortical primary culture to determine whether Mfn2 protein reduction affected the onset of mitophagy, subsequent mitochondrial biogenesis and thus neuronal survival. We found that Mfn2 knockdown increased neuronal susceptibility to OGD/R, prevented mitochondrial network remodelling and resulted in prolonged mitophagosomes formation in response to the insult. Next, Mfn2 knockdown was observed to be accompanied by reduced Parkin protein levels and increased Parkin accumulation on mitochondria. As for wild-type neurons, OGD/R insult was followed by an elevated mtDNA content and an increase in respiratory chain proteins. Neither of these phenomena were observed for Mfn2 knockdown neurons. Collectively, our findings showed that Mfn2 in neurons affected their response to mild and transient OGD stress, balancing the extent of defective mitochondria elimination and positively influencing mitochondrial respiratory protein levels. Our study suggests that Mfn2 is one of essential elements for neuronal response to ischemic insult, necessary for neuronal survival.
Superior bias in trust-related decisions
Authors: Li Siying , Huang Gaojie , Ma Zhenling , Qu Chen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTrust is conditional. Many studies have revealed its relative conditions in different situations, but when social status is characteristic of the person who receives trust (the “trustee”), our knowledge of how social status affects trust still remains limited. In this study, we used the trust game in order to: (1) characterize the effect of trustees’ social hierarchy on trust-related decisions in different trustworthiness situations and (2) explore the underlying computational process regarding the impact that social status has on trust-related decisions by using the computational modeling approach to integrate social status into trust-related situations. In Experiment 1, using a one-shot trust game with no feedback of information about reciprocity, we found that compared with inferiors, superiors gained more trust-related behaviors (investments) in spite of the fact that they were not rated as having higher trustworthiness. Then, in Experiment 2, when we controlled the trustworthiness of different social status partners by providing the same neutral reciprocity rate (50%) in a repeated trust game, the high-status partner gained more trust than the low-status partner. This superior bias extended to Experiment 3a and 3b, in which we set different levels of trustworthiness to match the different social statuses of partners. With respect to modeling results, we found that higher status holds an additional social value independent of trust profit, resulting in superior bias. Ultimately, this study has shed light on the superior bias that commonly leads people to grant high-status individuals goodwill in social interactions.
Plutonium distribution in sequentially extracted phases of arable and uncultivated soils
Authors: Orzeł J. , Komosa A. , Grządka E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the distribution of alpha-emitting plutonium isotopes from arable and uncultivated soils. The effect of soils cultivation on plutonium fractionation and mobility was studied using the sequential extraction technique (modified Tessier’s method). Soil samples were collected from the surface layer in the selected points. By means of reagents with increasing leaching power, the fractions were separated: readily available, carbonate bound, sesquioxide (Fe/Mn) bound and organically bound as well as residual. The content of 239+240Pu in the fractions was determined by alpha spectrometry. The sequential analysis showed that in the case of uncultivated soils, 67% of Pu was combined with organic matter, 15% was permanently bound to the matrix, but only 4% was associated with the available fraction, and 2% with the carbonate one. Arable soils revealed a different distribution: 36% of Pu was combined with the organic fraction, only 7% was bound permanently but as much as 9% was bound with the available fraction, and 11% with the carbonate one. It was proved that plutonium is bound mostly by organic matter (67% Pu—uncultivated and 36%—arable soils), however, the amounts of Pu combined with the labile fractions (ion-exchange and carbonate) are approximately 4 times higher for the arable soils than for uncultivated ones. This proves that soil cultivation can lead to the launch of plutonium in soil and its transition to more accessible forms which can cause a radiological risk.
Clinical factors associated with outcome in solid tumor patients treated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors: a single institution retrospective analysis
Authors: Qin Qian , Jun Tomi , Wang Bo , Patel Vaibhav G. , Mellgard George , Zhong Xiaobo , Gogerly-Moragoda Mahalya , Parikh Anish B. , Leiter Amanda , Gallagher Emily J. , Alerasool Parissa , Garcia Philip , Joshi Himanshu , MBBS  , Galsky Matthew , Oh William K. , Tsao Che-Kai 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) remains limited to a subset of patients and predictive biomarkers of response remains an unmet need, limiting our ability to provide precision medicine. Using real-world data, we aimed to identify potential clinical prognosticators of ICI response in solid tumor patients.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of all solid tumor patients treated with ICIs at the Mount Sinai Hospital between January 2011 and April 2017. Predictors assessed included demographics, performance status, co-morbidities, family history of cancer, smoking status, cancer type, metastatic pattern, and type of ICI. Outcomes evaluated include progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), overall response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR). Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were constructed to test the association of predictors with outcomes.

Results
We identified 297 ICI-treated patients with diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (N = 81, 27.3%), melanoma (N = 73, 24.6%), hepatocellular carcinoma (N = 51, 17.2%), urothelial carcinoma (N = 51, 17.2%), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (N = 23, 7.7%), and renal cell carcinoma (N = 18, 6.1%). In multivariable analysis, good performance status of ECOG ≤ 2 (PFS, ORR, DCR and OS) and family history of cancer (ORR and DCR) associated with improved ICI response. Bone metastasis was associated with worse outcomes (PFS, ORR, and DCR).

Conclusions
Mechanisms underlying the clinical predictors of response observed in this real-world analysis, such as genetic variants and bone metastasis-tumor microenvironment, warrant further exploration in larger studies incorporating translational endpoints. Consistently positive clinical correlates may help inform patient stratification when considering ICI therapy.
Contextual Integrity as a General Conceptual Tool for Evaluating Technological Change
Authors: O’Neill Elizabeth 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe fast pace of technological change necessitates new evaluative and deliberative tools. This article develops a general, functional approach to evaluating technological change, inspired by Nissenbaum’s theory of contextual integrity. Nissenbaum (2009) introduced the concept of contextual integrity to help analyze how technological changes can produce privacy problems. Reinterpreted, the concept of contextual integrity can aid our thinking about how technological changes affect the full range of human concerns and values—not only privacy. I propose a generalized concept of contextual integrity that is applicable to a broader variety of circumstances, and I outline a new, general procedure for technological evaluation. Among the attractive features of the proposed approach to evaluating technological change are its context-sensitivity, adaptability, and principled presumptive conservatism, enabled by the mechanism the approach supplies for reevaluating existing practices, norms, and values.
Toward Enhancing Room Layout Estimation by Feature Pyramid Networks
Authors: Wang Aopeng , Wen Shiting , Gao Yunjun , Li Qing , Deng Ke , Pang Chaoyi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAs a fundamental part of indoor scene understanding, the research of indoor room layout estimation has attracted much attention recently. The task is to predict the structure of a room from a single image. In this paper, we illustrate that this task can be well solved even without sophisticated post-processing program, by adopting Feature Pyramid Networks (FPN) to solve this problem with adaptive changes. The proposed model employs two strategies to deliver quality output. First, it can predicts the coarse positions of key points correctly by preserving the order of these key points in the data augmentation stage. Then the coordinate of each corner point is refined by moving each corner point to its nearest image boundary as output. Our method has demonstrated great performance on the benchmark LSUN dataset on both processing efficiency and accuracy. Compared with the state-of-the-art end-to-end method, our method is two times faster at processing speed (32 ms) than its speed (86 ms), with 0.71% lower key point error and 0.2% higher pixel error respectively. Besides, the advanced two-step method is only 0.02% better than our result on key point error. Both the high efficiency and accuracy make our method a good choice for some real-time room layout estimation tasks.
The Economics of Supranational Bank Supervision
Authors: Beck Thorsten , Silva-Buston Consuelo , Wagner Wolf 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article examines the effectiveness of cooperation among bank supervisors using novel data on supranational agreements signed by 93 countries. Exploiting that globally operating banks are differently covered by these agreements, we show that supervisory cooperation generally improves bank stability. The magnitude of the effect is higher for smaller global banks, and when supervisors are more stringent and have access to higher quality information. We also show that actual supervisory cooperation varies across countries consistent with differences in economic costs and benefits of cooperation. This suggests that cooperation is not always desirable, despite being effective in reducing bank risk.
ESG Preference, Institutional Trading, and Stock Return Patterns
Authors: Cao Jie , Titman Sheridan , Zhan Xintong , Zhang Weiming 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSocially responsible (SR) institutions tend to focus more on the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance and less on quantitative signals of value. Consistent with this difference in focus, we find that SR institutions react less to quantitative mispricing signals. Our evidence suggests that the increased focus on ESG may have influenced stock return patterns. Specifically, abnormal returns associated with these mispricing signals are greater for stocks held more by SR institutions. The link between SR ownership and the efficacy of mispricing signals only emerges in recent years with the rise of ESG investing, and is significant only when there are arbitrage-related funding constraints.
Bidirectional spillover between maladaptive parenting and peer victimization and the mediating roles of internalizing and externalizing problems: A within-person analysis among Chinese early adolescents
Authors: Zhou Jianhua , Gong Xue , Lu Guangying , Xu Xiangrong , Zhao Haiyan , Yang Xiaoli 
Published: August 2022

AbstractParenting practices and relationships with peers are crucial aspects of youth socialization. Although theoretically expected reciprocal associations between changes in maladaptive parenting and adolescent peer victimization exist, there is a lack of studies that examine this link and address the mediating mechanisms at the within-person level. This longitudinal study examined reciprocal relations between peer victimization and two types of maladaptive parenting including harsh punishment and psychological control, and the potential mediating roles of internalizing and externalizing problems within these relations, by disentangling between- and within-person effects. A total of 4,731 Chinese early adolescents (44.9% girls;Mage= 10.91 years,SD= 0.72) participated in a four-wave longitudinal study with 6-month intervals. The results of random intercept cross-lagged panel modeling showed: (a) harsh punishment did not directly predict peer victimization, and vice versa; (b) psychological control directly predicted peer victimization, and vice versa; (c) psychological control indirectly predicted peer victimization via internalizing problems, and peer victimization also indirectly predicted psychological control via internalizing problems. These findings provide evidence of a bidirectional spillover effect between psychological control and peer victimization at the within-person level, suggesting Chinese early adolescents may become caught in a vicious cycle directly or indirectly via their internalizing problems.
Needle Cricothyroidotomy by Intensive Care Paramedics
Authors: Bye Rembrandt , St Clair Toby , Delorenzo Ashleigh , Bowles Kelly-Ann , Smith Karen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjective:Cricothyroidotomy is an advanced airway procedure for critically ill or injured patients. In Victoria, Australia, intensive care paramedics (ICPs) perform needle cricothyroidotomy utilizing the proprietary QuickTrach II (QTII) device. Recently, an Ambulance Victoria (AV) institutional change in workflow included pre-puncture surgical incision to assist in successful placement. This review aims to explore whether a surgical pre-incision prior to the insertion of the device improved overall procedural success rates of needle cricothyroidotomy using the QTII.Methods:This was a retrospective review of all patients who received a needle cricothyroidotomy by ICPs from May 1, 2015 through September 15, 2020. Data and patient care records were sourced from the AV data warehouse.Results:A total of 27 patients underwent a needle cricothyroidotomy with the mean age of patients being 50.2 years. Most cricothyroidotomies were performed using the QuickTrach II kit (92.6%). Prior to modification of the QTII procedure, front-of-neck access (FONA) success was 50.0%; however, this improved to 82.4% after the procedures recent update. The overall success rate of all paramedic-performed needle cricothyroidotomy during the study period was 74.1% (n = 20).Conclusions:This review demonstrates that propriety devices such as the QTII device achieve a low success rate for a FONA intervention. Despite the low frequency of this procedure, ICPs with extensive training and regular maintenance can perform needle cricothyroidotomy using scalpel assistance with a reasonable success rate. But when compared to the broader literature, success rate using a more straightforward technique such as a surgical cricothyroidotomy technique is likely going to be higher.
Searching for biosignatures by their rotational spectrum: global fit and methyl group internal rotation features of dimethylsulphoxide up to 116 GHz
Authors: Maris Assimo , Favero Laura B. , Song Wentao , Lv Dingding , Evangelisti Luca , Melandri Sonia 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe identification and quantification of molecules in interstellar space and atmospheres of planets in the solar systems and in exoplanets rely on spectroscopic methods and laboratory work is essential to provide the community with the spectral features needed to analyse cosmological observations. Rotational spectroscopy in particular, with its intrinsic high resolution, allows the unambiguous identification of biomolecular building blocks and biosignature gases which can be correlated with the origin of life or the identification of habitable planets. We report the extension of the measured rotational transition frequencies of dimethylsulphoxide and its 34S and 13C isotopologues in the millimetre wave range (59.6–78.4 GHz) by use of an absorption spectrometer based on the supersonic expansion technique. Hyperfine patterns related to the methyl group internal rotation were analysed in the microwave range region (6–18 GHz) with a Pulsed Jet Fourier Transform spectrometer at extremely high resolution (2 kHz) and reliable predictions up to 116 GHz are provided. The focus on sulphur-bearing molecules is motivated by the fact that sulphur is largely involved in the intra- and inter-molecular hydrogen bonds in proteins and although it is the 10th most abundant element in the known Universe, understanding its chemistry is still a matter of debate. Moreover, sulphur-bearing molecules, in particular dimethylsulphoxide, have been indicated as possible biosignature gases to be monitored in the search of habitable exoplanets.
The international trade of U.S. organic agri-food products: export opportunities, import competition and policy impacts
Authors: Boys Kathryn A. , Zhang Siqi , Hooker Neal H. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInternational markets are an important destination and source of U.S. organic agri-food products. This paper offers new insights concerning the current status and trends of U.S. organic imports and exports U.S. policies relevant to the international trade of U.S. organic agri-food products are described, characterizing specific products and partners. In addition, the impact of organic equivalency agreements (OEAs), which the U.S. has signed with Canada, the EU, Japan, South Korea and Switzerland, are examined to determine the extent to which they facilitate trade. Using highly disaggregated international trade data (HS-10) from the U.S. International Trade Commission and Statistics Canada, this analysis finds that fresh agricultural products dominate both U.S. exports and imports. Between 2017 and 2019, apples grapes, strawberries and spinach were the predominant fresh exports, while tomato sauces, vinegar and roasted coffee are the most exported processed food products. A significant majority of these exports are destined for Canada and Mexico. The most imported organic agri-food products include unroasted coffee, bananas, olive oil and soybeans. There is much more diversity in the country of origin of these imports with Mexico, Peru, Brazil, Spain and Argentina among the major organic food suppliers to the U.S. OEAs allow for mutual recognition of national organic standards between countries. This analysis finds that, while, in aggregate, OEAs were not found to impact U.S. organic imports or exports, results evaluating individual agreements do suggest that they can be effective trade policy instruments. In particular, the U.S.–Canada and the U.S.–Switzerland OEAs were found to be effective in facilitating U.S. exports. Taken together these findings offer important insights into current trade patterns, and U.S. international market and organic policy opportunities.
Forcing for Multidecadal Surface Solar Radiation Trends Over Northern Hemisphere Continents
Authors: Augustine John A. , Capotondi Antonietta 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe long‐term variation of North Pacific and North Atlantic sea surface temperatures (SSTs) is shown to be associated with multidecadal trends of surface solar radiation in North America, Europe, and Asia. Long‐term, large‐scale warm SST anomalies lead to a mid‐level planetary wave anomaly pattern of geopotential height ridges over the warm water and dynamically‐induced lower heights on either side, sometimes extending over adjacent continents. Geopotential height troughs over the continents encourage more cloud cover and dimming of surface solar radiation. Conversely, cool SST anomalies correspond to a pattern of lower mid‐level geopotential heights over the cool water and compensating high pressure on either side that encourages decreasing cloud cover and brightening over the continents, if the wave positioning is favorable. Additionally, these effects are observed to be latitude dependent, showing stronger SST‐geopotential height associations in the northern half of the Northern Hemisphere. The change from continental dimming to brightening and the reversal of North Pacific SST trends are nearly simultaneous. A similar SST‐geopotential height association is seen in the North Atlantic and leads to brightening and dimming in Europe and North America, but there is a ∼12‐year lag between the transition of dimming to brightening and SST reversals there, which is yet unexplained. The next step is to support these connections and their latitudinal dependence with carefully designed numerical experiments that consider variable greenhouse gas and aerosol concentrations.