bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A quantitative analysis of facial changes after orthodontic treatment with vertical control in patients with idiopathic condylar resorption
Authors: Mao Bochun , Tian Yajing , Li Jing , Zhou Yanheng , Wang Xuedong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate temporomandibular joint (TMJ) stability and three‐dimensional (3D) facial changes in class II hyperdivergent patients with stable idiopathic condylar resorption (ICR) after orthodontic camouflage treatment with vertical control by using temporary anchorage devises (TADs).MethodsNineteen skeletal class II hyperdivergent patients who were diagnosed with stable ICR underwent bicuspid extraction orthodontic treatment with vertical control via TADs were enrolled. TMJ was evaluated with the cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) and clinical records before and after treatment. Changes in dental and skeletal parameters were evaluated with cephalometric and dental cast measurements. The 3D morphable model (3DMM) method was performed with the MeshMonk toolbox for the 3D facial analysis. After the reposition and landmark setting process, 3D facial heatmaps were used to illustrate facial changes, and the 3D deviations of landmarks were calculated.ResultsBoth the imaging evaluation and clinical examination proved that TMJs remained stable after treatment. The retrusion of the upper and lower incisors reached 6.63 ± 0.79 mm and 3.78 ± 1.49 mm. The intrusion of the upper first molar reached 2.65 ± 0.75 mm, with a 2.27 ± 0.82° counterclockwise rotation of the mandibular plane. An upward shift of the soft tissue pogonion (2.34 ± 2.03 mm) and protrusion of Po‐NB (0.82 ± 0.70 mm) was gained. Larger intrusion was found in the lower lip (3.29 ± 0.80 mm) than in the upper lip (2.20 ± 0.69 mm).ConclusionCamouflage orthodontic treatment with TAD for vertical control is acceptable for skeletal class II hyperdivergent patients with ICR, which can improve the facial profile.
SCALP syndrome with a germline heterozygous DOCK6 mutation and somatic mosaic NRASQ61R mutation
Authors: Meyer Summer N. , Simmons Elanee M. , McPherson John D. , Awasthi Smita , Kiuru Maija 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe present a case of SCALP syndrome, which was diagnosed in a male infant with the characteristic findings of sebaceous nevi, central nervous system malformations, aplasia cutis congenita, limbal dermoid, and giant congenital melanocytic nevi, or pigmented nevi. We identified a germline compound heterozygous DOCK6 mutation and a somatic mosaic NRAS Q61R mutation in the giant congenital melanocytic nevus. This report will increase clinician awareness of SCALP syndrome and augment the literature in characterizing this rare syndrome, including its genetic background.
A case of eruptive lichen spinulosus after toxic epidermal necrolysis
Authors: Phong Celine H. , Birmingham Suzanne W. , Lee Bonnie A. , Rojek Nathan W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe report a case of a 13‐year‐old boy who presented with eruptive monomorphic white papules on the trunk and arms involving regions previously affected by toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). Biopsy revealed compact keratin involving the hair follicle and sparse mixed perivascular infiltrate, findings consistent with lichen spinulosus. Improvement was noted after treatment with ammonium lactate 12% lotion. While cutaneous dyschromia and xerosis are common after TEN, lichen spinulosus has not yet been described in the literature. It is important for providers to be aware of any potential cutaneous sequelae of TEN that can affect quality of life in order to best counsel their patients.
Please don't make me wait! Influence of customers' waiting preference and no‐show behavior on appointment systems
Authors: Zhang Ruijie , Han Xiaohua , Wang Rowan , Zhang Jianghua , Zhang Yinghao 
Published: December 2022

Appointment systems are widely adopted in many service organizations. The simplest and most common format is the equally‐spaced (ES) system, in which the inter‐appointment times between consecutive arrivals are equal. One major drawback of such a system is the long expected waiting time for later arrivals, which makes later appointment positions unappealing to customers. As a result, customers who take these positions are more likely to abandon their appointments, leading to a higher no‐show rate. To address this issue, we examine a novel equal‐waiting (EW) scheduling system under which the expected waiting times are equal across appointments. Through a series of controlled lab experiments, we establish that the EW system increases the attractiveness of later appointments and that customers who are willing to take these appointments are more likely to show up. We then incorporate this individual‐level preference and no‐show behavior into models to evaluate its impact on the system‐level performance. We find that, compared with the traditional ES system, the EW system can significantly increase customers' show‐up rate and improve system utilization.
Attitudes toward dementia screening and influential factors in older adults in China
Authors: Xue Bing , Luo Chang , Luo Xianwu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundDementia will likely be an ongoing concern for future generations, and according to the World Health Organization, two‐thirds of dementia cases are missed diagnoses. We aimed to explore the attitudes of older adults toward dementia screening and the related influencing factors.MethodsA multicentre cross‐sectional study was conducted. Data were collected using questionnaires between 2020 December and 2021 June from five provinces in China. The study included older adults aged 60 years or older, living in China. A sociodemographic questionnaire and the Perceptions Regarding Investigational Screening for Memory in Primary Care scale were used to assess attitudes toward and influencing factors of dementia screening.ResultsA total of 279 participants completed the questionnaires. The results revealed housing status as a positive factor in the acceptance dimension, while high income was the primary positive factor in the benefits of screening dimension. Having religious beliefs, low income, and never participating in social activities were positive factors for the stigma dimension. Widowed marital status and participation in social activities were negative factors for the independence dimension, while having religious beliefs positively influenced the suffering dimension.ConclusionsThis study showed that participants held a relatively positive attitude toward dementia screening, although they had concerns about stigma and negative impact on independence. Further studies are required to develop intervention strategies to help older adults improve their attitudes and quality of life, promote cognitive health, and facilitate healthy ageing.
Matching forerunner cities: Climate policy in Turku, Groningen, Rostock, and Potsdam
Authors: Kern Kristine , Grönholm Sam , Haupt Wolfgang , Hopman Luca 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article analyzes and compares the climate policy and transformation pathways of the forerunner cities Turku (Finland), Groningen (The Netherlands), Rostock, and Potsdam (both located in Germany). Our study combines an international comparison of cities located in three different countries with a national comparison of two German cities. This research design is based on the assumption that national context matters. We argue that the chances for scaling local experiments between cities are particularly high among matching cities, which resemble each other. Such cities have the capability to learn by matchmaking, nationally as well as internationally. All four cities are mid‐sized cities of roughly the same size located in advanced democracies in northern and continental Europe. Moreover, within their countries, all four cities have acquired the reputation of being forerunners in the area of climate policy. First, we focus on a comparison of the four cities and identify the strengths and weaknesses of their climate policies. Second, we assess the scaling potential of local experiments, in particular institutional and organizational innovations, integrative and participatory approaches, and leadership. Third, we analyze actual scaling between the two German cities, which share the same national context. More generally, we explore how matching cities can develop from local pioneers to internationally acknowledged leaders, which have the ability to upscale successful local initiatives, nationally as well as internationally.
Acute effects of insulin and insulin‐induced hypoglycaemia on carotid body chemoreceptor activity and cardiorespiratory responses in dogs
Authors: Baby Santhosh M. , Zaidi Faisal , Hunsberger Gerald E. , Sokal David , Gupta Isha , Conde Silvia V. , Chew Daniel , Rall Kristen , Coatney Robert W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe carotid body chemoreceptors (CBC) play an important role in the adaptive counter‐regulatory response to hypoglycaemia by evoking the CBC‐mediated sympathetic neuronal system to restore normoglycaemia. Ex vivo studies have shown varied responses of insulin‐induced hypoglycaemia on CBC function, and several in vivo studies have indirectly established the role of CBCs in restoring normoglycaemia in both animals and humans. However, a direct effect of insulin and/or insulin‐induced hypoglycaemia on CBC activity is not established in animal models. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo effects of insulin and insulin‐induced hypoglycaemia on CBC activity and cardiorespiration in a preclinical large animal model. The carotid sinus nerve (CSN) activity and cardiorespiratory responses to sodium cyanide (NaCN; 25 µg/kg) were compared before (euglycaemic) and after (hypoglycaemic) intracarotid administration of insulin (12.5–100 µU/dogs) in beagle dogs. Insulin administration increased CSN activity and minute ventilation (E) with significant (P < 0.0001) effects on heart rate and blood pressure. Insulin‐mediated effects on CSN and cardiorespiration were sustained and the change in E was driven by tidal volume only. Insulin significantly (P < 0.0001) lowered blood glucose level. NaCN‐mediated CSN activity and E were significantly (P < 0.0001) augmented during insulin‐induced hypoglycaemia. The augmented E was primarily driven by respiratory frequency and partially by tidal volume. The cardiovascular reflex response mediated through CBC stimulation was significantly (P < 0.0001) exacerbated during insulin‐induced hypoglycaemia. Collectively, these results demonstrate direct effects of insulin and insulin‐induced hypoglycaemia on CBC chemosensitivity to potentiate CBC‐mediated neuroregulatory pathways to initiate adaptive neuroendocrine and cardiorespiratory counter‐regulatory responses to restore normoglycaemia.
Analysis and Fractal Dynamics of Local Fractional Partial Differential Equations Occurring in Physical Sciences
Authors: Dubey Ved Prakash , Singh Jagdev , Alshehri Ahmed M. , Dubey Sarvesh , Kumar Devendra 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we implement the local fractional natural homotopy perturbation method (LFNHPM) to solve certain local fractional partial differential equations (LFPDEs) with fractal initial conditions occurring in physical sciences in a fractal domain. LFPDEs successfully exhibit the important properties of physical models occurring in a fractal medium. The working methodology depicts the feasibility and accuracy of the implemented approach for given LFPDEs. Moreover, the solutions for LFPDEs are obtained in a closed form and are in good agreement with the previously determined results. The numerical simulations are also investigated for each of the LFPDE on Cantor set. The implementation of the method in view of numerical simulations authenticates that the applied method is precise, and useful to investigate the solutions of partial differential equations with local fractional derivatives.
Musculoskeletal Injuries in Elite Collegiate Tenpin Bowling Athletes
Authors: Zabierek Briana L. , Wilson Walter C. , DiLiberto Frank E. 
Published: December 2022

Context: Collegiate tenpin bowling participation is increasing. Accordingly, the experience level of athletes participating, factors related to performance, as well as training workload and sport specialization are likely evolving. However, literature regarding injury rates remains extremely limited. The purpose of this study was to characterize injuries in collegiate tenpin bowlers. Design: Retrospective cohort survey study. Methods: Tenpin bowling athletes of top-ranked collegiate programs in the United States were invited to participate. Each participant completed an online survey to report on their injury history and additional factors of interest. Descriptive statistics were generated for participant characteristics, injury counts, and overall injury prevalence and recurrence. Chi-square tests were used to determine if overall injury prevalence and recurrence occurred by chance, and to evaluate the influence of gender and conditioning program participation on injury frequencies. Results: The response rate was 40.6% (101/249; N = 101). The sample was 20.02 (1.43) years old and 54.5% female. There were a total of 235 singular and recurrent injuries reported across all body parts. Upper-extremity injuries were the most common (n = 112). Injury prevalence (87%) and recurrence (75%) were more likely than chance (χ2 > 21.3, both P < .001) and not different based on gender (χ2 ≤ 1.1, both P ≥ .33). Injuries were more frequent in the absence of a conditioning program (χ2 = 50.6, P < .001). Conclusions: Injuries and injury recurrence in elite tenpin bowlers were frequent, most common in the upper-extremity, not different based on gender, and more frequent in those without conditioning programs. Findings may serve as foundational knowledge for developing sport-specific rehabilitation and conditioning programs.
Chromium isotopes track redox fluctuations in Proterozoic successions of the Chapada Diamantina, São Francisco craton, Brazil
Authors: Caxito Fabrício A. , Frei Robert , Sial Alcides N. , Uhlein Gabriel J. , Lima de Moura William Alexandre , Pereira Egberto , Rodrigues René 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Chapada Diamantina region in the São Francisco craton of eastern Brazil is composed of sedimentary successions containing both Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic carbonate levels, making it a key natural laboratory for understanding the fluctuations of Earth's biogeochemical cycles during its middle age. The ca. 1.4–1.2 Ga Caboclo Formation stromatolites yielded unfractionated δ53Crauth (authigenic) (~−0.54‰ to +0.08‰). Ediacaran cap carbonates and phosphatic stromatolites of the Salitre Formation, on the other hand, yielded fractionated δ53Crauth reaching as high as +0.51‰, suggesting the input of 53Cr-rich Cr(VI), first delivered through meltwater-induced post–snowball Earth fluctuating redox conditions and then through weathering and mobilization under a fully oxygenated environment. The acquired data set highlights the very distinct redox conditions throughout the Proterozoic and reinforces the suggestion that after the Cryogenian global glaciations, Earth's atmosphere and hydrosphere became progressively oxygenated during the Ediacaran-Cambrian transition.
Diagenetic priming of submarine landslides in ooze-rich substrates
Authors: Wu Nan , Jackson Christopher A.-L. , Clare Michael A. , Hodgson David M. , Nugraha Harya D. , Steventon Michael J. , Zhong Guangfa 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Oozes are the most widespread deep-sea sediment in the global ocean, but very little is known about how changes in their physical properties during burial impact slope stability and related geohazards. We used three-dimensional seismic reflection, geochemical, and petrophysical data acquired both within and adjacent to 13 large (in total ~6330 km2) submarine slides on the Exmouth Plateau, North West Shelf, Australia, to investigate how the pre-slide physical properties of oozes control slope failure and emplacement processes. Our integrated data set allows potential slide surfaces to be detected within ooze successions, a crucial advance for improved submarine geohazard assessment. Moreover, we demonstrate that the interplay of tectonics, ocean current activity, and silica diagenesis can prime multiple slides on very low-gradient slopes in tropical oceanic basins. Therefore, the diagenetic state of silica-rich sediments should be considered in future studies to improve slope stability assessments.
“Excess Ar” by laboratory alteration of biotite
Authors: Villa Igor M. , Bosio Giulia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMany biotite phenocrysts from marine tephra layers have substoichiometric potassium concentrations and alkali occupation &lt;&lt;2.0 atoms per formula unit. Diagenetic alteration is an expected effect of exposure of fresh magmatic minerals to interstitial water and brine intrusions after the deposition and burial of sediments. To test the effect of diagenetic alteration on potassium-argon ages, we irradiated and step heated untreated Fish Canyon biotite (t = 28.2 Ma) and several aliquots leached to various extents in strong and weak acids. Laboratory alteration caused loss of K, age spectrum discordance, high step ages and total gas ages, Ar release at lower furnace temperature, higher Cl/K and Ca/K, and a slight decrease in 36Ar concentration. Potassium loss was always higher than 40Ar* loss. Electron microprobe element maps document that acids preferentially penetrated in phyllosilicate interlayers, removing K (and Na). Because Ar* is removed to a lesser extent than K, we propose that natural 40K decay partly implants radiogenic Ar* into the tetrahedral-octahedral-tetrahedral (T-O-T) phyllosilicate layer, where Ar is shielded from interlayer leaching. The recoiled 39Ar, which was produced by irradiation after the leaching, also partitioned between T-O-T and the interlayer; age spectrum discordance was probably enhanced by the heterogeneous partition of 39Ar and 40Ar* in leached samples.
Myocarditis and myopericarditis cases following COVID-19 mRNA vaccines
administered to 12–17-year olds in Victoria, Australia
Authors: Cheng Daryl R , Clothier Hazel J , Morgan Hannah J , Roney Emma , Shenton Priya , Cox Nicholas , Jones Bryn O , Schrader Silja , Crawford Nigel W , Buttery Jim P 
Published: December 2022

Importance
COVID-19 mRNA vaccine-associated myocarditis has previously been
described; however specific features in the adolescent population are
currently not well understood.

Objective
To describe myocarditis adverse events following immunisation
reported following any COVID-19 mRNA vaccines in the adolescent
population in Victoria, Australia.

Design
Statewide, population-based study.

Setting
Surveillance of Adverse Events Following Vaccination in the
Community (SAEFVIC) is the vaccine-safety service for Victoria,
Australia.

Participants
All SAEFVIC reports of myocarditis and myopericarditis in
12–17-year-old COVID-19 mRNA vaccinees submitted between 22 February
2021 and 22 February 2022, as well as accompanying diagnostic
investigation results where available, were assessed using Brighton
Collaboration criteria for diagnostic certainty.

Exposures
Any mRNA COVID-19 vaccine.

Main outcomes/Mmeasure
Confirmed myocarditis as per Brighton Collaboration criteria (levels
1–3).

Results
Clinical review demonstrated definitive (Brighton level 1) or
probable (level 2) diagnoses in 75 cases. Confirmed myocarditis
reporting rates were 8.3 per 100 000 doses in this age group. Cases were
predominantly male (n=62, 82.7%) and post dose 2 (n=61, 81.3%). Rates
peaked in the 16–17-year-old age group and were higher in males than
females (17.7 vs 3.9 per 100 000, p=<0.001).
The most common presenting symptoms were chest pain, dyspnoea and
palpitations. A large majority of cases who had a cardiac MRI had
abnormalities (n=33, 91.7%). Females were more likely to have ongoing
clinical symptoms at 1-month follow-up (p=0.02).

Conclusion
Accurate evaluation and confirmation of episodes of COVID-19 mRNA
vaccine-associated myocarditis enabled understanding of clinical
phenotypes in the adolescent age group. Any potential vaccination and
safety surveillance policies needs to consider age and gender
differences.
Normal reference values for aerobic fitness in cystic fibrosis: a scoping review
Authors: Tomlinson Owen W , Wadey Curtis A , Williams Craig A 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveThe importance of aerobic fitness (VO2peak) in cystic fibrosis (CF) is well established, and regular exercise testing is recommended. To standardise VO2peak, a ‘percentage of predicted’ (%pred) derived from normative reference values (NRV), as promoted by the 2015 European Cystic Fibrosis Society Exercise Working Group (ECFS EWG), can be reported. However, the NRVs used in CF and their relative frequency is unknown.MethodA scoping review was performed via systematic database searches (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, SciELO, EBSCO) and forward citation searches for studies that include people with CF and report VO2peakas %pred. Studies were screened using Covidence, and data related to patient demographics, testing modality and reference equations were extracted. Additional analyses were performed on studies published in 2016–2021, following the ECFS EWG statement in 2015.ResultsA total of 170 studies were identified, dating from 1984 to 2022, representing 6831 patients with CF, citing 34 NRV. Most studies (154/170) used cycle ergometry, 15/170 used treadmills, and the remainder used alternative, combination or undeclared modalities. In total, 61/170 failed to declare the NRV used. There were 61 studies published since the ECFS EWG statement, whereby 18/61 used the suggested NRV.ConclusionThere is a wide discrepancy in NRV used in the CF literature base to describe VO2peakas %pred, with few studies using NRV from the ECFS EWG statement. This high variance compromises the interpretation and comparison of studies while leaving them susceptible to misinterpretation and limiting replication. Standardisation and alignment of reporting of VO2peakvalues are urgently needed.
Targeting CD89 on tumor-associated macrophages overcomes resistance to immune checkpoint blockade
Authors: Xu Lijun , Li Bingyu , Pi Chenyu , Zhu Zhaohua , Tao Fei , Xie Kun , Feng Yan , Xu Xiaoqing , Yin Yanxin , Gu Hua , Fang Jianmin 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundDespite the survival benefits observed with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) treatment—programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1), many patients with cancer have not benefited from these agents because of impaired antigen presentation and other resistance mechanisms. To overcome resistance to checkpoint therapy, we designed bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) targeting CD89 and tumor antigens. We demonstrated their immunomodulatory efficacy as a separate treatment strategy or combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors.MethodsWe have previously generated a heterodimeric one-arm IgG1 Fc-based bispecific antibody. For animal efficacy studies, murine tumors in a humanized transgenic mice model were used to determine the effects of CD89-bispecific antibodies on antigen presentation and immune cell recruitment. The efficacy of the CD89 bispecific antibody against tumors resistant to pembrolizumab was evaluated in double-transgenic mice.ResultsBsAbs targeting CD89 on tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) increased the ratio of M1:M2 and activated the antigen presentation, leading to increased cytotoxic T cell-mediated tumor regression. CD89-BsAbs also potentiated a combinational antitumor effect with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and overcame the ICB resistance by augmenting cytotoxic T-cell infiltration and reshaping tumor immune microenvironment. In an hCD89/hPD-1 double transgenic mouse model engrafted with pembrolizumab-resistant B16-HER2 tumor cells, the HER2-CD89 bispecific antibody potently inhibited tumor growth.ConclusionsCD89 BsAbs targeting tumor antigens and TAMs controlled tumor growth in animal models by improving antigen presentation and T-cell infiltration. Our results suggest a general strategy for overcoming resistance to ICB.