bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Standardizing Primary Health Care Referral Data Sets in Nigeria: Practitioners' Survey, Form Reviews, and Profiling of Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR)
Authors: Chukwu Emeka , Garg Lalit , Obande-Ogbuinya Nkiruka , Chattu Vijay Kumar 
Published: March 2022

Background
Referral linkages are crucial for efficient functioning of primary health care (PHC) systems. Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resource (FHIR) is an open global standard that facilitates structuring of health information for coordinated exchange among stakeholders.

Objective
The objective of this study is to design FHIR profiles and present methodology and the profiled FHIR resource for Maternal and Child Health referral use cases in Ebonyi state, Nigeria—a typical low- and middle-income country (LMIC) setting.

Methods
Practicing doctors, midwives, and nurses were purposefully sampled and surveyed. Different referral forms were reviewed. The union of data sets from surveys and forms was aggregated and mapped to base patient FHIR resource elements, and extensions were created for data sets not in the core FHIR specification. This study also introduced FHIR and its relation to the World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) International Classification of Diseases.

Results
We found many different data elements from the referral forms and survey responses even in urban settings. The resulting FHIR standard profile is published on GitHub for adaptation or adoption as necessary to aid alignment with WHO recommendations. Understanding data sets used in health care and clinical practice for information sharing is crucial in properly standardizing information sharing, particularly during the management of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases. Development organizations and governments can use this methodology and profile to fast-track FHIR standards adoption for paper and electronic information sharing at PHC systems in LMICs.

Conclusions
We presented our methodology for profiling the referral resource crucial for the standardized exchange of new and expectant moms’ information. Using data from frontline providers and mapping to the FHIR profile helped contextualize the standardized profile.
An Outbreak of COVID-19 Among Health Care Workers at a Diabetes Center, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, April 2020
Authors: Alsayafi Abdullah , Al Bisher Fatema Hussain , Al Doraisi Ahmed , Al Saad Ahmed 
Published: March 2022

Background
On April 2, 2020, the Field Epidemiology Training Program was asked by a diabetes mellitus center, Facility A, in Al-Ahsa to investigate a confirmed case of COVID-19 in a health care worker. Patients with diabetes are at increased risk for serious complications from COVID-19.

Objective
This study seeks to identify any additional cases, the source of infection and mode of transmission, and implement mitigation measures to prevent further transmission. At the time of the investigation, few COVID-19 cases had been identified in the region.

Methods
We reviewed medical charts and other available data on cases in the infection control department, the public health department, and the COVID-19 center. We interviewed cases about their health status and possible sources of infection. We analyzed data using descriptive statistics.

Results
All staff (N=50) at Facility A were tested for COVID-19; 2 (4%) tested positive. The first case was a nurse that reported attending a nursing conference in Riyadh several days prior to symptom onset. She was the first recognized case of COVID-19 in Facility A, so we classified her as the index case. We identified 1 more case that reported using shared cupboard clothes, the same coffee machine, and chatting with the index case in a break room without using personal protective equipment. Both cases reported wearing personal protective equipment during patient care. Both cases survived.

Conclusions
We found evidence of person-to-person transmission between cases while socializing at work, and no evidence of transmission from health care workers to patients. We identified potentially risky practices in Facility A, although none were related to patient care. We helped Facility A develop additional policies to reduce the risk of COVID-19 transmission among staff, even when not providing direct patient care. Facility A was closed during the investigation and reopened after applying all prevention measures.
A Computerized Cognitive Test Battery for Detection of Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment: Instrument Validation Study
Authors: Ye Siao , Sun Kevin , Huynh Duong , Phi Huy Q , Ko Brian , Huang Bin , Hosseini Ghomi Reza 
Published: March 2022

Background
Early detection of dementia is critical for intervention and care planning but remains difficult. Computerized cognitive testing provides an accessible and promising solution to address these current challenges.

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate a computerized cognitive testing battery (BrainCheck) for its diagnostic accuracy and ability to distinguish the severity of cognitive impairment.

Methods
A total of 99 participants diagnosed with dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or normal cognition (NC) completed the BrainCheck battery. Statistical analyses compared participant performances on BrainCheck based on their diagnostic group.

Results
BrainCheck battery performance showed significant differences between the NC, MCI, and dementia groups, achieving 88% or higher sensitivity and specificity (ie, true positive and true negative rates) for separating dementia from NC, and 77% or higher sensitivity and specificity in separating the MCI group from the NC and dementia groups. Three-group classification found true positive rates of 80% or higher for the NC and dementia groups and true positive rates of 64% or higher for the MCI group.

Conclusions
BrainCheck was able to distinguish between diagnoses of dementia, MCI, and NC, providing a potentially reliable tool for early detection of cognitive impairment.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KINERJA MANAJERIAL DENGAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING
Authors: Nissa Fachrun , Astuti Widia , Sari Eka Nurmala 
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisisapakah partisipasi anggaran berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja manajerial. Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisisapakah kejelasan sasaran anggaran berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja manajerial. Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisisapakah budaya organisasi memoderasi pengaruh partisipasi anggaran terhadap Kinerja manajerial. Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisisapakah budaya organisasi memoderasi pengaruh kejelasan sasaran anggaran terhadap Kinerja manajerial. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan asosiatif kuantitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis data dengan menggunakan software SmartPLS.3 yang dijalankan dengan media komputer. Pada penelitian ini instrument penelitian yang digunakan adalah angket/kuesioner. Skala pengukuran variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan Skala ordinal yang berupa Skala Likert. Adapun sampel penelitian ini adalah keseluruhan populasi yang berjumlah 35 karyawan di PT. KIM. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian partisipasi anggaran berpengaruh terhadap kinerja manajerial. Kejelasan sasaran anggaran berpengaruh terhadap kinerja manajerial. Budaya organisasi dapat memoderasi pengaruh partisipasi anggaran terhadap kinerja manajerial. Budaya organisasi dapat memoderasi pengaruh Kejelasan sasaran anggaran terhadap kinerja manajerial
Kata Kunci :
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI RETURN SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN OTOMOTIF DAN KOMPONEN
Authors: Sari Petty Aprilia , Hidayat Imam 
Published: March 2022

Return merupakan imbal hasil yang diperoleh dari suatu investasi untuk periode tertentu. Akan sulit mengetahui seberapa banyak return yang didapatkan di masa akan datang. Banyak faktor faktor untuk memprediksi return diantaranya Total Arus Kas, Laba Akuntansi, Ukuran ( size ) Perusahaan. Peneltian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh total arus kas, laba akuntansi dan ukuran (size) perusahaan terhadap return saham. Jenis penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yaitu berupa data laporan tahunan keuangan perusahaan otomotif dan komponen pada Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2015-2019. Berdasarkan Teknik purposive sampling diperoleh sampel sebanyak 9 perusahaan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan regresi linear berganda. Uji hipotesis dilakukan dengan uji signifikan simultan (uji-F) dan uji parsial (uji t). Hasil dari penelitian ini arus kas operasi dan laba akuntansi berpengaruh terhadap return saham, Sedangkan ukuran (size) perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap return saham. Penelitian ini dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam menambah literature dan memberikan informasi tentang factor factor yang mempengaruhi return saham yang dapat digunakan oleh perusahaan dan investor.
Perspektif Kebijakan Kontra-Terorisme ASEAN dan Perbedaan Paradigma Penanggulangan Terorisme oleh Negara-Negara Anggota ASEAN
Authors: Pradnyana Hadi 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang perspektif kebijakan kontra-terorisme ASEAN dan paradigma penanggulangan terorisme oleh negara-negara anggota ASEAN. Secara lebih luas mengamati instrumen-instrumen kebijakan kontra-terorisme ASEAN dan respons atau pendekatan negara-negara anggota ASEAN terkait instrumen tersebut. Didasarkan pada ancaman-ancaman terorisme yang masif terjadi di kawasan Asia Tenggara, terutama sejak insiden 9/11 tahun 2001. Deskriptif kualitatif digunakan sebagai metode penelitian, menggunakan pendekatan studi literatur. Penelitian ini pada dasarnya mempertanyakan pandangan atau perspektif ASEAN tentang strategi kontra-terorisme. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ASEAN mengadopsi pendekatan penegakan hukum dalam menanggulangi terorisme. ASEAN pertama kali mengluarkan instrumen kebijakan kontra-terorisme secara khusus melalui ASEAN Declaration on Joint Action to Counter Terrorism 2001, pasca insiden 9/11. Lalu disusul oleh instrumen-instrumen lain seperti ASEAN-US Joint Declaration for Coorperation to Combat International Terrorism 2002, Joint Declaration on Coorperation to Combat Terrorism 2003, ASEAN Convention on Counter Terrorism (ACCT) 2007, dan deklarasi bersama negara-negara mitra dialog eksternal seperti Amerika Serikat, Uni Eropa, India, Australia, Rusia, Jepang, Korea Selatan, Selandia Baru, Pakistan, dan Kanada. Meski demikian, negara-negara anggota ASEAN tidak memiliki kesamaan mutlak dalam paradigma kebijakan kontra-terorisme. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa bebagai instrumen kebijakan kontra-terorisme berhasil dibentuk ASEAN, yang mengedepankan perspektif penegakan hukum. Namun terdapat perbedaan paradigma penanggulangan terorisme oleh negara-negara anggota ASEAN.
Aktivitas Ramuan Herbal sebagai Antagonis Reseptor H1, Relaksan Otot Polos dan Penghambat Degranulasi Sel Mast sebagai Antiasmatik
Authors: Ratnawati Galuh , Damayanti Kiki , Nugroho Agung Endro 
Published: March 2022

Asthma is still become a major health problem worldwide, affected all ages from pediatrics to
adults. The severity of the disease vary from mild to severe and leads to the risk of death. The
uses of medicinal plants as antiasthmatic have often been conducted by the local community.
The present study was conducted in vitro and in vivo to determine the activities of herbs
containing of sembung leaves (Blumea balsamifera L.), kemukus seeds (Piper cubeba L.), teki
rhizome (Cyperus rotundus L.), and patikan kebo herbs (Euphorbia hirta L.) with certain ratio
as an antiasthmatic. The in vitro test was carried out on isolated smooth muscle cells of guinea
pig. Histamine was used to stimulate the contraction of smooth muscle cells of guinea pig
trachea. The in vivo test was carried out using guinea pigs which sensitized with ovalbumin
and administered with the herbs formula. The trachea of guinea pigs were prepared for
histopathological examination and stained on toluidine blue. The result revealed that the
antiasthmatic herbs of 1, 2, and 3 showed activities as H1 receptor antagonists. The
antiasthmatic herbs of 1, 2, and 3 were able to relax the smooth muscle of guinea pig’s trachea
that was experiencing contraction, but in lower level compared to theophylline. The
antiasthmatic herbs formula in this study did not have the activity to inhibit mast cell
degranulation.
Metabolome-Defined Obesity and the Risk of Future Type 2 Diabetes and Mortality
Authors: Ottosson Filip , Smith Einar , Ericson Ulrika , Brunkwall Louise , Orho-Melander Marju , Di Somma Salvatore , Antonini Paola , Nilsson Peter M. , Fernandez Céline , Melander Olle 
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE
Obesity is a key risk factor for type 2 diabetes; however, up to 20% of patients are normal weight. Our aim was to identify metabolite patterns reproducibly predictive of BMI and subsequently to test whether lean individuals who carry an obese metabolome are at hidden high risk of obesity-related diseases, such as type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Levels of 108 metabolites were measured in plasma samples of 7,663 individuals from two Swedish and one Italian population-based cohort. Ridge regression was used to predict BMI using the metabolites. Individuals with a predicted BMI either &gt;5 kg/m2 higher (overestimated) or lower (underestimated) than their actual BMI were characterized as outliers and further investigated for obesity-related risk factors and future risk of type 2 diabetes and mortality.

RESULTS
The metabolome could predict BMI in all cohorts (r2 = 0.48, 0.26, and 0.19). The overestimated group had a BMI similar to individuals correctly predicted as normal weight, had a similar waist circumference, were not more likely to change weight over time, but had a two times higher risk of future type 2 diabetes and an 80% increased risk of all-cause mortality. These associations remained after adjustments for obesity-related risk factors and lifestyle parameters.

CONCLUSIONS
We found that lean individuals with an obesity-related metabolome have an increased risk for type 2 diabetes and all-cause mortality compared with lean individuals with a healthy metabolome. Metabolomics may be used to identify hidden high-risk individuals to initiate lifestyle and pharmacological interventions.
Pengembangan Potensi Pantai Jogan dan Pembelajaran Dasar Dalam Meningkatkan Pendidikan TK PKK Gerotan
Authors: T.A.K A.A.Ayu Ratih 
Published: March 2022

Desa Purwodadi, Kecamatan Tepus, Kabupaten Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta dikenal karena mempunyai potensi pantai yang indah dan masih alami salah satu pantai yang terletak di Desa Purwodadi adalah pantai Jogan. Dalam mengembangkan Pantai Jogan perlu pemberdayaan dari warga di Desa tersebut. Selain potensi desa, akses pendidikan dasar yang baik dan lengkap juga sangat dibutuhkan dalam kehidupan masyarakat, hal tersebut karena pendidikan adalah salah satu unsur penting dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Pendidikan yang baik akan membantu masyarakat untuk mencapai taraf hidup yang sejahtera.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif karena data yang akan penulis olah bukan merupakan data angka atau statistik. Cara pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini yakni menggunakan cara studi literatur. Pengolahan data dengan mengumpulkan data lalu menganalisis data.
Reading Nagamese ‘MakroLi ’as a Pastoral Lyric
Authors: Sharma Dr Shreeja Tripathi 
Published: March 2022

This research paper seeks to studyMakro Li, the indigenous group song of the Chakhesang tribe of Nagamese people with reference to the conventions of pastoral poetry.The song offers a glimpse into idyllic village life in the hilly countryside and invokes the utopian vision of purity and innocence in tranquil pastoral life. The lyrics are also interspersed with nuances of post-pastoral eco-poetics.The folk song thus echoes elements of pastoraland post-pastoral poetry and offers a glimpse of Nagamese culture through the description of workers in their paddy fields.
Feasibility of using Latex Examination Gloves as Dental Dam: A Tensile Strength Study
Authors: Sabri BAM , Radzi NHM , Hadi FZA , Ismail IH 
Published: March 2022

Objective: To evaluate feasibility of hand gloves as a rubber dam isolation alternative, in respect of physical properties. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled trial study design was used. Three types of gloves were tested with two types of a rubber dam used as the control group. Cut-out pattern of dumb-bell shapes were made from 35 samples for each type of groups and tensile strength were tested using Universal Testing Machine and the Trapezium X software. All tests for physical requirements were performed in accordance with American Society for Testing and Materials D412, Standard Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Rubbers and Thermoplastic Elastomers-Tension. Findings were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and differences were compared using a Tukey-Kramer interval calculated at the 0.05 significance level. Results: Heavy gauge rubber dam has the highest Mean (calculated at the 0.05 significance level) except for maximum stress calculated at entire area. Medium-gauge rubber dam has significantly higher tensile strength (44.5075 N/mm2) when compared to heavy-gauge rubber dam (35.7787 N/mm2) although it was 0.09mm thinner. Discovery 2020 Powder Free Latex Examination Gloves with tensile strength value of 28.5922 N/mm2 (±3.27366) is more than the minimum requirement specified by American Federal Specification ZZ-R90B Rubber Dam (Dental, 1985) (4000 pounds per square inch or 27.6 N/mm2). For all variable tested, all groups are significantly different from each other. The mean square between the groups was quite large. Conclusion: This study shows that there are significant differences between the physical strength of latex gloves when compared to rubber dam. However, the comparison between thickness and tensile strength among various rubber dam, did not correspond proportionately. Only one type of rubber gloves met the minimum requirement but that is just one aspect. In view of these mixed results, more research is needed before we can conclude that it is feasable that we use hand gloves to replace rubber dam.
Oral Health Related Quality of Life Assessment in Orthodontic Patients with Anchorage Reinforcement
Authors: Nor NFM , Sinniah SD , Dasor MM 
Published: March 2022

Objectives: To assess oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) among orthodontic patients who had been allocated into three methods of orthodontic anchorage; transpalatal arch (TPA), modified TPA-Nance (TPA-Nance) and mini-implant (MI). Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh and Puncak Perdana campus. Thirty-six orthodontic patients with anchorage requirement between 18 and 30 years old were recruited. The subjects were equally divided into three groups, which included 28 females and 8 males. The assessment of patients’ oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) towards the anchorage supplementation using modified oral health impact profile (S-OHIP-14) questionnaires were carried out. The questionnaire was given at two time points, which was before the insertion of the allocated anchorage regime (T0) and after a week of insertion of the allocated anchorage regime (T1). Results: There was no statistical significant difference on functional limitation, physical pain, psychological discomfort, physical disability, psychological disability, social disability and handicap domains of OHIP-14 questionnaire between the three anchorage groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: The OHRQoL patterns, during the treatment with the anchorage reinforcement were very similar. This suggests that TPA, TPA-Nance and MI do not affect patients’ OHRQoL. The OHRQoL trends observed during the study can be communicated to patients and used to increase patients’ compliance since they are made aware of the whole treatment process.
Removal of Failed Dental Implant with Application of Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF): A Case Report
Authors: Yusof NAM , Masri MS , Noor E 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: High survival rates of dental implants were commonly reported even after 10 years of follow up. Nevertheless, complications and failure may occur and the implant would need to be removed. In recent years, the use of autogenous blood products in dental surgery has increased due to its ability to aid the healing of the soft and hard tissues. Clinical case: The case demonstrated the utilisation of concentrated growth factor (CGF) from the patient’s blood for healing following conservative removal of a failed dental implant. Subsequently, the patient showed satisfactory recovery without any infections and clinical complaints. Conclusion: This explantation procedure, together with the use of CGF, may prevent the normal bone resorption and accelerate soft tissue healing. As it is biological in nature having originated from the patient’s blood, it is more readily accepted by the tissues and the risk of infection is low.
Evaluation of Root Debridement Skill in Periodontology Module
Authors: Noor E , Al-Bayaty FH , Shukri MQM , Zulkiflee MS 
Published: March 2022

Objective: To evaluate the root debridement skill in periodontology pre-clinical module among dental students and to estimate the effectiveness of conducting periodontology pre-clinical module before entering clinical module. Materials and Method: A total of 47 pre-clinical dental students (Year 2) were included in this study. Single rooted extracted teeth were collected, mounted on acrylic resin and set into the level of 1/3 of the root length. Each of them were instructed to prepare a mounted teeth and to perform root debridement procedure on the labial surface of the tooth only within 10 minutes using Gracey curette #5/6. The similar samples were distributed back to the same students (which were already in clinical year (year 4) to repeat the same procedure on the lingual surface of the same tooth. Root surface roughness was evaluated by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and profilometer for both labial and lingual surfaces. Statistical analysis was done using Mann-Whitney U test and T-test. Significance level of p ≤ 0.05 was assumed for all analysis. Results: SEM photomicrographs of root surfaces with magnifications of 100x and 800x revealed that there were incomplete removal of the dental calculus in both surfaces and significant roughness root surfaces noted. Conclusion: No significant differences noted between the students’ root debridement skill in the pre-clinical and also clinical year. Objectives of the current module were fulfilled but in order to meet the highest standard, current module need to be improved in the future.