bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moduli stabilization with bulk scalar in nested doubly warped braneworld model
Authors: Bhaumik Arko , SenGupta Soumitra 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe examine the modulus stabilization mechanism of a warped geometry model with nested warping. Such a model with multiple moduli is known to offer a possible resolution of the fermion mass hierarchy problem in the Standard Model. A six dimensional doubly warped braneworld model under consideration admits two distinct moduli, with the associated warp factors dynamically generating different physical mass scales on four 3-branes. In order to address the hierarchy problem related to the Higgs mass, both moduli need to be stabilized around their desired values without any extreme fine tuning of parameters. We show that it is possible to stabilize them simultaneously due to the appearence of an effective 4D moduli potential, which is generated by a single massive bulk scalar field having non-zero VEVs frozen on the 3-branes. This gives rise to two scalar radions, one of which has mass slightly below $${\mathcal {O}}$$
O
(TeV) and couplings to SM fields proportional to the inverse of its $${\mathcal {O}}$$
O
(TeV) VEV, and the other has nearly $${\mathcal {O}}(M_{Pl})$$

O
(

M

Pl

)

mass and interactions with SM fields suppressed by the Planck scale. We also discuss how the entire mechanism can possibly be understood from a purely gravitational point of view, with higher curvature f(R) contributions in the bulk automatically providing a scalar degree of freedom that can serve as the stabilizing field in the Einstein frame.
“The patriots proved most successful” or “They had been useless whenever fighting had to be done”
Authors: Stoil Jacob 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Thousands of Ethiopians served with the irregular forces which fought alongside the British Empire in East Africa. According to some sources, they were more of a hindrance than a help. To others they were the critical factor that led to the liberation of the country. Understanding what the Ethiopian irregular forces did and whether they were effective is critical for the historiography of the East Africa campaign. If they were as widespread and effective as some sources suggest, then any study of the campaign which neglects them is not only incomplete, but also inaccurate. This article explores the activities of the Ethiopian irregulars and evaluates their effectiveness. By doing so, it not only provides an important historiographic intervention for other studies, but through its use of interviews conducted with Ethiopian veterans it helps to restore the lost voices and experiences of the Ethiopians themselves to the historical narrative.
Mites associated with stored Oryza sativa L. in the Philippines
Authors: MANGOBA MARK ANTHONY ANGELES , ALVINDIA DIONISIO DE GUZMAN , GIBE ALEXANDER JOEL 
Published: November 2022

The mite fauna present in stored rice grains in the Philippines has never been systematically studied. Two of the identified species are known to produce human allergens, namely: Blomia tropicalis Bronswijk, Cock and Oshima (Echimyopodidae) and Suidasia pontifica Oudemans (Suidasiidae). Other species collected were Tropilichus aframericanus Fain (Glycyphagidae), Acarophenax tribolii Newstead and Duvall (Acarophenacidae), Chortoglyphus arcuatus Troupeau (Chortoglyphidae), Sancassania oudemansi Zachvatkin (Acaridae), Cheyletus malaccensis Oudemans (Cheyletidae), Cunaxa capreolus Berlese (Cunaxidae), and Blattisocius keegani Fox (Blattisociidae). However, S. pontifica, C. malaccensis and B. keegani were the only constant and dominant species. On the other hand, lack of control measures and inadequate hygiene and cleanliness in various warehouses contribute to a significant infestation of storage mites. This information could be useful in understanding the acarofauna of stored rice grains and control of the damages and losses caused by storage mites, providing researchers a small starting point for dealing with mite infestations on rice grain.
An in-depth study on the life stages of lohmanniid mite Lepidacarus ornatissimus Csiszar, 1961 (Acari: Oribatida)
Authors: HAQ M.A. 
Published: November 2022

The importance of oribatid mites in soil ecosystem for biodegradation of plant litter to increase soil fertility and crop development is a known fact. However, biodegradation of woody plant materials appears to be a difficult task to most mites. This study concentrated on the developmental biology of a mite which prefers plant material of woody nature.
Updated spider mite management guidelines for California almonds as sixspotted thrips replace phytoseiids as predominant predator
Authors: HAVILAND DAVID R. , RILL STEPHANIE M. 
Published: November 2022

Spider mites (Tetranychus sp.) are a universal pest of almonds in California that are naturally regulated by a variety of biological control organisms. Historically, phytoseiids have served as the predominant predator whereas recent changes in pesticide spray programs have caused a higher-level predator, the sixspotted thrips, Scolothrips sexmaculatus, to gain importance. Given the changing dynamics, we conducted research to re-evaluate treatment thresholds for spider mites and compare those to previous thresholds established in the 1980s. Efforts were made to develop a sticky card trap system to monitor for sixspotted thrips (Haviland et al., 2021a) that was used to generate key information on its biology, phenology, and role in predator-prey relationships (Haviland et al., 2021b). Finally, capture data for sixspotted thrips were used to develop thresholds based on sixspotted thrips sampling that could be used to predict whether mite populations would increase, decrease, or stay the same (Haviland et al., 2021c).
Toxicity of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle against Blomia tropicalis Bronswijk, Cock and Oshima
Authors: MANGOBA MARK ANTHONY ANGELES , ALVINDIA DIONISIO DE GUZMAN 
Published: November 2022

The toxicity of Cymbopogon nardus (Poaceae) against Blomia tropicalis (Echimyopodidae) was tested in-vitro (i.e. vial method) and in-vivo (i.e. admixture method using corn grits as media). Based on the biological response of B. tropicalis, the estimated minimum effective concentration (MEC) of C. nardus extract (CNE) that give complete mortality was 1.75 g/L, and had a potential capacity to control B. tropicalis population. Thirty-two chemical components were identified in CNE based on GC-MS analysis. The seven major compounds were as follows: Oleyl alcohol, methyl ether (35.34%), γ-Sitosterol (13.60), 6-Methylheptan-3-ol (8.04), α-Terpineol (3.92%), Citral (3.59), n-Pentadecanol (3.57%), and 1-Octadecanol methyl ether (3.51%). The CNE (1.75 g/L) was generally superior in terms of toxicity and volume concentration against B. tropicalis as compared with conventional synthetic acaricide (Coumaphos 2.50 g/L), as a standard control of stored product mites. It indicates that the major compound of CNE and its derivatives may have interacted synergistically; amplifying its toxicity and effect that leads into mite mortality.
MaxEnt model for predicting potential distribution of ticks in the western Kanto region of Japan
Authors: DOI KANDAI , TABATA IORI , KATO TAKUYA , HAYAMA SHIN-ICHI 
Published: November 2022

Land-use patterns, climatic factors, and wildlife distributions have been suggested to have a role in shaping vector tick distributions. In the Tokyo metropolis and surrounding prefectures, these factors have rapidly changed over the last few decades. Here, we estimated the potential distributions of ticks based on the data of a 7-year tick survey at 134 sites in western Kanto, Japan. We focused on 6 tick species (Amblyomma testudinarium; Haemaphysalis flava; H. kitaokai; H. longicornis; H. megaspinosa; and Ixodes ovatus) using Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) modeling based on the annual precipitation, snow depth; remote-sensing land-use patterns (Forest connectivity; Agricultural land; Urban; Open water; Deciduous broad-leaf forest; Deciduous needle-leaf forest; Evergreen broad-leaf forest; Evergreen needle-leaf forest; Bamboo forest; Grassland; Bareland), and the distributions of five common wildlife species [sika deer (Cervus nippon); wild boar (Sus scrofa); raccoon (Procyon lotor); raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides); masked palm civet (Paguma larvata)].
Divergence in Climate Model Projections of Future Arctic Atlantification
Authors: Muilwijk Morven , Nummelin Aleksi , Heuzé Céline , Polyakov Igor V. , Zanowski Hannah , Smedsrud Lars H. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Arctic Ocean is strongly stratified by salinity in the uppermost layers. This stratification is a key attribute of the region as it acts as an effective barrier for the vertical exchanges of Atlantic Water heat, nutrients, and CO2 between intermediate depths and the surface of the Eurasian and Amerasian basins (EB and AB, respectively). Observations show that from 1970 to 2017, the stratification in the AB has strengthened, whereas, in parts of the EB, the stratification has weakened. The strengthening in the AB is linked to freshening and deepening of the halocline. In the EB, the weakened stratification is associated with salinification and shoaling of the halocline (Atlantification). Simulations from a suite of CMIP6 models project that, under a strong greenhouse gas forcing scenario (ssp585), the overall surface freshening and warming continue in both basins, but there is a divergence in hydrographic trends in certain regions. Within the AB, there is agreement among the models that the upper layers will become more stratified. However, within the EB, models diverge regarding future stratification. This is due to different balances between trends at the surface and trends at depth, related to Fram Strait fluxes. The divergence affects projections of the future state of Arctic sea ice, as models with the strongest Atlantification project the strongest decline in sea ice volume in the EB. From these simulations, one could conclude that Atlantification will not spread eastward into the AB; however, models must be improved to simulate changes in a more intricately stratified EB correctly.
Extracting 3-D Radar Features to Improve Quantitative Precipitation Estimation in Complex Terrain based on Deep Learning Neural Networks
Authors: Cheng Yung-Yun , Chang Chia-Tung , Chen Buo-Fu , Kuo Hung-Chi , Lee Cheng-Shang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes a new quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) technique to provide accurate rainfall estimates in complex terrain, where conventional QPE has limitations. The operational radar QPE in Taiwan is mainly based on the simplified relationship between radar reflectivity Z and rain rate R [R(Z) relation] and only utilizes the single-point lowest available echo to estimate rain rates, leading to low accuracy in complex terrain. Here, we conduct QPE using deep learning that extracts features from 3-D radar reflectivities to address the above issues. Convolutional neural networks (CNN) are used to analyze contoured frequency by altitude diagrams (CFADs) to generate the QPE. CNN models are trained on existing rain gauges in northern and eastern Taiwan with the three-year data during 2015–17 and validated and tested using 2018 data. The weights of heavy rains (≧10 mm h-1) are increased in the model loss calculation to handle the unbalanced rainfall data and improve accuracy.
Results show that the CNN outperforms the R(Z) relation based on the 2018 rain-gauge data. Furthermore, this research proposes methods to conduct 2-D gridded QPE at every pixel by blending estimates from various trained CNN models. Verification based on independent rain gauges shows that the CNN QPE solves the underestimation of the R(Z) relation in mountainous areas. Case studies are presented to visualize the results, showing that the CNN QPE generates better small-scale rainfall features and more accurate precipitation information. This deep learning QPE technique may be helpful for the disaster prevention of small-scale flash floods in complex terrain.
Prognostic significance of 18F-FDG PET/CT indices in metastatic renal cell cancer and evaluation of revised IMDC risk model by including 18F-FDG PET-CT parameters
Authors: Arikan Rukiye , Ozguven Salih , Telli Tugba Akin , Isik Selver , Demircan Nazım Can , Basoglu Tugba , Yasar Alper , Celebi Abdussamet , Filizoglu Nuh , Ustun Hilal Sagiroglu , Tinay Ilker , Ones Tunc , Turoglu Halil Turgut , Erdil Tanju Yusuf , Ozturk Mehmet Akif , Ercelep Ozlem , Bayoglu Vedat , Kostek Osman , Dane Faysal , Yumuk Perran Fulden 
Published: November 2022

Background Prognostic markers in metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC) are still insufficient. Any prognostic model objectively determines disease burden. Purpose To investigate the relationship between 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) parameters and outcomes in mRCC, and to define a revised International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) model for the intermediate-risk group. Material and Methods A retrospective study of mRCC was conducted. To investigate the prognostic significance of 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters, maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), and metabolic tumor volume (MTV) were determined in pre-treatment images. Cutoff values were defined by ROC curve analyses and their association with outcomes was analyzed. Additionally, a TLG-adjusted IMDC model was created by stratifying intermediate-risk group patients according to TLG levels. Results The study included 52 patients. The disease control rate (DCR) was 61.5% and median overall survival (OS) was 18 months (95% confidence interval=9.2–25.8). In the univariate analyses, IMDC score, MTV, and TLG were prognostic factors for Disease Control Rate (DCR), and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG)-Performance Status (PS), IMDC score, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), treatment option, MTV, and TLG were prognostic factors for OS ( P < 0.05 each). In the multivariate analyses, MTV was an independent prognostic factor for DCR, and ECOG-PS, LDH, IMDC score, and TLG were independent prognostic factors for OS. According to the revised-IMDC model, the intermediate-favorable group showed longer OS than the intermediate-unfavorable group. Conclusion Pretreatment MTV was independent prognostic factor for DCR and ECOG-PS, LDH, IMDC score, and TLG were independent prognostic factors for OS. Revised-IMDC model could identify patients with a worse prognosis among the IMDC intermediate-risk group.
Effect of an Online Mindfulness Course for Hospital Doctors During COVID-19 Pandemic on Resilience and Coping
Authors: Hanson Petra , Villarreal Manuel , Khan Majid , Dale Jeremy , Sankar Sailesh 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Physicians’ wellbeing is a priority to prevent increasing rates of poor mental health and burnout, exacerbated by caregiving during the COVID-19 pandemic. Structured mindfulness courses have been shown to be beneficial, but face-to-face delivery is not always feasible in the context of busy health services. Remotely delivered structured mindfulness courses could enable wider participation, particularly at time when social distancing to prevent infection transmission is necessary. Our objective was to test the feasibility of a remotely delivered structured mindfulness course for hospital doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This was a feasibility study run at one English hospital between January and March 2021, when COVID-19 admissions were at a high. Interested doctors participated in a 6-session remotely delivered mindfulness course. Sessions lasted 90 min and could be attended on-line or the recording watched at later time. Main outcome measures were data on interest, course attendance and engagement, together with validated psychological outcome measures at baseline and follow-up after course completion. Results: 20 doctors expressed interest to participate and 16 started the course. Of these, 12 completed at least 3 sessions (median = 4); difficulty attending resulted from conflicting clinical commitments and rosters. Twelve participants completed the follow-up survey. They rated the course highly and all perceived it to have been useful, with statistically significant ( P < .01) improvements in wellbeing and mindfulness scores. They all stated that they would recommend this course to their colleagues and most (10/12) were interested in follow-up mindfulness sessions. Conclusion: Remotely delivered structured mindfulness training for hospital doctors was feasible, but there is a need to address the difficulties that affected attendance in order to optimize accessibility and completion of such programs.
Respiratory muscle training in neuromuscular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Watson Kathryn , Egerton Thorlene , Sheers Nicole , Retica Sarah , McGaw Rebekah , Clohessy Talia , Webster Penny , Berlowitz David J. 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundNeuromuscular disease causes a progressive decline in ventilatory function which respiratory muscle training may address. Previous systematic reviews have focussed on single diseases, whereas this study systematically reviewed the collective evidence for respiratory muscle training in children and adults with any neuromuscular disease.MethodsSeven databases were searched for randomised controlled trials. Three reviewers independently reviewed eligibility, extracted characteristics, results, determined risk of bias and combined results using narrative synthesis and meta-analysis.Results37 studies (40 publications from 1986–2021, n=951 participants) were included. Respiratory muscle training improved forced vital capacity (standardised mean difference (SMD) 0.40 (95% confidence interval 0.12–0.69)), maximal inspiratory (SMD 0.53 (0.21–0.85)) and maximal expiratory pressure (SMD 0.70 (0.35–1.04)) compared to control (usual care, sham or alternative treatment). No impact on cough, dyspnoea, voice, physical capacity or quality of life was detected. There was high degree of variability between studies.DiscussionStudy heterogeneity (children and adults, different diseases, interventions, dosage and comparators) suggests that the results should be interpreted with caution. Including all neuromuscular diseases increased the evidence pool and tested the intervention overall.ConclusionsRespiratory muscle training improves lung volumes and respiratory muscle strength in neuromuscular disease, but confidence is tempered by limitations in the underlying research.
Frailty in older people living with HIV: current status and clinical management
Authors: Kehler D. Scott , Milic Jovana , Guaraldi Giovanni , Fulop Tamas , Falutz Julian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper will update care providers on the clinical and scientific aspects of frailty which affects an increasing proportion of older people living with HIV (PLWH). The successful use of combination antiretroviral therapy has improved long-term survival in PLWH. This has increased the proportion of PLWH older than 50 to more than 50% of the HIV population. Concurrently, there has been an increase in the premature development of age-related comorbidities as well as geriatric syndromes, especially frailty, which affects an important minority of older PLWH. As the number of frail older PLWH increases, this will have an important impact on their health care delivery. Frailty negatively affects a PLWH’s clinical status, and increases their risk of adverse outcomes, impacting quality of life and health-span. The biologic constructs underlying the development of frailty integrate interrelated pathways which are affected by the process of aging and those factors which accelerate aging. The negative impact of sarcopenia in maintaining musculoskeletal integrity and thereby functional status may represent a bidirectional interaction with frailty in PLWH. Furthermore, there is a growing body of literature that frailty states may be transitional. The recognition and management of related risk factors will help to mitigate the development of frailty. The application of interdisciplinary geriatric management principles to the care of older PLWH allows reliable screening and care practices for frailty. Insight into frailty, increasingly recognized as an important marker of biologic age, will help to understand the diversity of clinical status occurring in PLWH, which therefore represents a fundamentally new and important aspect to be evaluated in their health care.
Fibronectin glomerulopathy with monoclonal gammopathy responding to bortezomib plus dexamethasone: a case report
Authors: Li Xiaoli , Qi Xueting , Ma Zhigang , Huang Wenhui 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Fibronectin glomerulopathy is a rare, familial glomerular disease characterized by mesangial fibronectin deposition in the glomeruli. It is caused by the genetic defect in fibronectin and does not involve the activation of the immune system. Therefore, glomerular immunoglobulin and complement staining is generally absent or weak. Monoclonal gammopathy (MG) is an increasing cause of renal lesion, featured by light chain (κ or λ) and/or heavy chain restriction in glomeruli. Herein, we report a case of fibronectin glomerulopathy presenting as strong IgA and C3 immunostaining in renal biopsy, concomitant with monoclonal gammopathy (monoclonal IgA κ).

Case presentation
A 44-year-old female was admitted to our hospital for one-month pedal edema. The serum albumin of 19.6 g/l, and the 24-h urine protein was 15.092 g. Immunofixation electrophoresis displayed monoclonal IgA. The renal biopsy showed the mesangial deposits positive for IgA (3+) and C3 (3+) and also for IgG (2+), IgM (2+), and C1q (2+) IF microscopy. In addition, the staining intensity of light chain κ was slight greater than that of light chain λ. The glomerular deposits were strongly positive by FN by immuohistochemistry. The patient was treated with bortezomib, dexamethasone in combination with cyclophosphamide and gained partial remission.

Conclusion
We present the first FNG patient with strong IgA and C3 immunostaining in the context of monoclonal IgA κ in the circulation. Perhaps FNG, monoclonal IgA κ and immune activation are potentially interplayed and eventually induce renal injuries.