bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Altered insular functional connectivity correlates to impaired vigilant attention after sleep deprivation: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Fu Weiwei , Dai Cimin , Chen Jie , Wang Letong , Song Tao , Peng Ziyi , Xu Mengmeng , Xu Lin , Tang Yuguo , Shao Yongcong 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesThis study used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scans to assess the dominant effects of 36 h total sleep deprivation (TSD) on vigilant attention and changes in the resting-state network.Materials and methodsTwenty-two healthy college students were enrolled in this study. Participants underwent two rs-fMRI scans, once in rested wakefulness (RW) and once after 36 h of TSD. We used psychomotor vigilance tasks (PVT) to measure vigilant attention. The region-of-interest to region-of-interest correlation was employed to analyze the relationship within the salience network (SN) and between other networks after 36 h of TSD. Furthermore, Pearson’s correlation analysis investigated the relationship between altered insular functional connectivity and PVT performance.ResultsAfter 36 h of TSD, participants showed significantly decreased vigilant attention. Additionally, TSD induced decreased functional connectivity between the visual and parietal regions, whereas, a significant increase was observed between the anterior cingulate cortex and insula. Moreover, changes in functional connectivity in the anterior cingulate cortex and insula showed a significant positive correlation with the response time to PVT.ConclusionOur results suggest that 36 h of TSD impaired vigilant visual attention, resulting in slower reaction times. The decrease in visual-parietal functional connectivity may be related to the decrease in the reception of information in the brain. Enhanced functional connectivity of the anterior cingulate cortex with the insula revealed that the brain network compensation occurs mainly in executive function.
Estimation of ischemic core in acute ischemic stroke with CT angiography and non-contrast CT: Attenuation changes in ASPECTS regions vs. automated ASPECTS scoring
Authors: Li Jing , Peng Yuling , Liu Jiayang , Wu Jiajing , Yao Yunzhuo , Gu Sirun , Zhang Zhiwei , Li Yi , Wang Jingjie , Li Yongmei 
Published: July 2022

PurposeReperfusion therapies for acute ischemic stroke due to large-vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO) are highly time-dependent, and large infarction is related to poor outcomes and risk of symptomatic hemorrhage. It is of significance to investigate and optimize the screening means and selection criteria for reperfusion therapies to identify more appropriate patients with better outcomes. This study aimed to compare the performance of attenuation changes vs. automated Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) and using CT angiography (CTA) source images vs. non-contrast CT (NCCT) in distinguishing the infarction extent of ischemic core volumes ≥ 70 ml within different time windows.MethodsA total of 73 patients with AIS-LVO who received multimodal CT were analyzed. The automated software was used to calculate ASPECTS. Attenuation change was defined as the sum of products of relative Hounsfield unit (rHU) values times weighting factors of all 10 ASPECTS regions. rHU value of each region was the HU of the ischemic side over that of the contralateral. The corresponding weighting factors were the regression coefficients derived from a multivariable linear regression model which was used to correlate regional rHU with ischemic core volumes, because each region in the ASPECTS template is weighted disproportionally in the ASPECTS system. Automated ASPECTS and attenuation changes were both calculated using CTA and NCCT, respectively.ResultsAttenuation changes were correlated with ischemic core volumes within different time windows (Rho ranging from 0.439 to 0.637). In classification of the ischemic core ≥ 70 ml, the performances of attenuation changes were comparable with ASPECTS (area under the curve [AUC] ranging from 0.799 to 0.891), with DeLong’s test (P = 0.079, P = 0.373); using CTA (AUC = 0.842) was not different from NCCT (AUC = 0.838).ConclusionAttenuation changes in ASPECTS regions were correlated with ischemic core volumes. In the classification of infarction volumes, attenuation changes had a high diagnostic ability comparable with automated ASPECTS. Measurement of attenuation changes is not involved in complicated scoring algorithms. This measurement can be used as an available, rapid, reliable, and accurate means to evaluate infarction extent within different time windows. The usefulness of infarction volumes measured by attenuation changes to identify more appropriate patients for reperfusion therapies can be validated in future clinical trials.
B serum proteome profiles revealed dysregulated proteins and mechanisms associated with insomnia patients: A preliminary study
Authors: Liu Tao , Wang Guanying , Zhang Xingping , Liu Xin , Liang Zhengting , Ren Xiaojuan , Yan Deqi , Zhang Wenhui 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundInsomnia is a clinical problem of significant public health importance; however, the underlying pathogenesis of this disorder is not comprehensively understood.MethodsTo identify potential treatment targets and unfold one of the gaps that were involved in insomnia pathological mechanisms, we employed a tandem mass tag-based (TMT) quantitative proteomics technology to detect differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in serum from patients with insomnia and controls. DEPs were further analyzed by bioinformatics platforms. In addition, parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) was used to verify the TMT results.ResultsPatients with insomnia had poorer sleep quality compared with healthy controls. A total of 106 DEPs were identified among patients with insomnia and controls. They were mainly enriched in immune and inflammation-related biological functions and signaling pathways. Using the protein–protein interaction network, we screened the 10 most connected proteins as key DEPs. We predicted that four key DEPs were subject to targeted regulation by natural compounds of herbs. Eight key DEPs were validated using PRM in an additional 15 patients with insomnia and 15 controls, and the results also supported the experimental findings.ConclusionWe identified aberrantly expressed proteins in insomnia that may be involved in the immune-inflammatory response. The 10 key DEPs screened may be potential targets for insomnia, especially FN1, EGF, HP, and IGF1. The results of this study will broaden our understanding of the pathological mechanisms of insomnia and provide more possibilities for pharmacotherapy.
Precancerous Cervical Lesion Among Adult Women With Human Immune Deficiency Virus on Anti Retroviral Therapy At Saint Peter Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zelalem Wondimu , Weldegebreal Fitsum , Ayele Behailu Hawulte , Deressa Alemayehu , Debella Adera , Eyeberu Addis , Hassen Fila Ahmed , Dessie Yadeta 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundCervical cancer is the fourth most frequent cancer in women representing 6.6% of all female cancers occurring in low and middle-income countries, where resources for cancer prevention programs are often scarce. So this study aimed to assess the prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion and associated factors among adult women with human immune deficiency virus (HIV) on Anti Retroviral Therapy (ART) at Saint Peter Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodsAn institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 06 to July 20, 2020 among 267 adult women with HIV on Anti Retroviral Therapy At Saint Peter Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia. Data were collected using face-to-face interview, patient chart review, and the examination of the squamo-columnar junction by the visual inspection with the acetic acid method. The collected data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression analysis were used to identify factors associated with the precancerous cervical lesion. Statistical significance was considered at a P-valve less than 0.05.ResultA total of 267 women who were on ART were included in the study and the prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion was 7.5% with 95% CI =4.10%-10.50%. Modern family planning (AOR = 4.14, 95% CI = 1.23-13.87), history of sexual transmission infection (STI) (AOR=5.39, 95% CI= 1.56-18.70) and viral load (AOR=20.85, 95% CI = 6.19-70.25) had significant association with precancerous cervical lesionConclusionIn this study, the prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion is relatively low compared to studies in low and middle-income countries. Modern family planning, history of sexual transmitted infection, and viral load had a significant association with a precancerous cervical lesion. Hence, encouraging modern family planning, and routine screening of women for pre-cancerous cervical lesions for those with high viral load have enormous contributions to decreasing cervical cancer disease among Women with Human Immune Deficiency Virus through Anti Retroviral Therapy.
Operative choice for subtrochanteric femoral fracture in school-aged children: Triple elastic stable intramedullary nail versus locking plate
Authors: Hong Pan , Zhao Xiaolong , Ze Renhao , Rai Saroj , Liu Ruikang , Li Jin , Tang Xin 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundThe management strategy of subtrochanteric fractures remains controversial, and triple elastic stable intramedullary nail (ESIN) has not been reported for pediatric subtrochanteric fractures. This study aimed to compare the clinical effects of treating school-aged children with subtrochanteric fractures with triple ESINs versus locking plates.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of pediatric patients with subtrochanteric femoral fracture receiving either triple ESINs (TE) or locking plates (LPs) between January 2010 and January 2018. Sixteen patients in each group with matched age, sex, and fracture characteristics were included in the study. The preoperative data, including baseline information of the patients, fracture pattern, and types of surgical procedure, were collected from the hospital database. Patients were followed-up at the outpatient clinic in the 3rd month, 6th month, 12th month, and annually afterward. Hardware removal was performed at 9 – 18 months after the primary surgery.ResultsIn all, 16 patients (8.4 ± 1.5-year-old, 7 boys, 9 girls) in the TE group and 16 patients (8.4 ± 1.4-year-old, 7 boys, 9 girls) in the LP group were included. There was significantly less operative time, reduced estimated blood loss, and shortened hospital stay for the TE as compared with the LP (P &lt; 0.001). However, higher fluoroscopy frequency was observed in the TE group than in the LP group (P &lt; 0.001). The time to union was faster in the TE group than in the LP group (P = 0.031). However, the angulation was higher in the TE group (3.2 ± 0.6) than the LP group (1.8 ± 0.5), and the incidence of implant prominence was higher in the TE group (7/16, 43.8%) than the LP group (1/16, 6.3%).ConclusionCompared with the locking plates, triple ESINs demonstrated significantly less operative time, reduced estimated blood loss, and shortened hospital stay. Besides, both TE and LP groups produced satisfactory outcomes in school-aged children with subtrochanteric fractures. Therefore, TE remains a feasible choice for subtrochanteric fractures in school-aged children.
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Related Signature Predicts Prognosis and Drug Response in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Yuke , Song Yancheng , Dai Jiangwen , Wang Zhaoxiang , Zeng Yuhao , Chen Feng , Zhang Peng 
Published: July 2022

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer. The maximum number of deaths associated with kidney cancer can be attributed to ccRCC. Disruption of cellular proteostasis results in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which is associated with various aspects of cancer. It is noteworthy that the role of ER stress in the progression of ccRCC remains unclear. We classified 526 ccRCC samples identified from the TCGA database into the C1 and C2 subtypes by consensus clustering of the 295 ER stress-related genes. The ccRCC samples belonging to subtype C2 were in their advanced tumor stage and grade. These samples were characterized by poor prognosis and malignancy immune microenvironment. The upregulation of the inhibitory immune checkpoint gene expression and unique drug sensitivity were also observed. The differentially expressed genes between the two clusters were explored. An 11-gene ER stress-related prognostic risk model was constructed following the LASSO regression and Cox regression analyses. In addition, a nomogram was constructed by integrating the clinical parameters and risk scores. The calibration curves, ROC curves, and DCA curves helped validate the accuracy of the prediction when both the TCGA dataset and the external E-MTAB-1980 dataset were considered. Moreover, we analyzed the differentially expressed genes common to the E-MTAB-1980 and TCGA datasets to screen out new therapeutic compounds. In summary, our study can potentially help in the comprehensive understanding of ER stress in ccRCC and serve as a reference for future studies on novel prognostic biomarkers and treatments.
Differences in the limb blood flow between two types of blood flow restriction cuffs: A pilot study
Authors: Citherlet Tom , Willis Sarah J. , Chaperon Audrey , Millet Grégoire P. 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: The determination of the optimal occlusion level is a key parameter in blood flow restriction (BFR). This study aimed to compare the effects of elastic (BStrong) vs. nylon (Hokanson) BFR cuffs on blood flow in the lower and upper limbs.Methods: Eleven healthy participants undertook several BFR sessions with 2 different cuffs of similar width on their lower and upper limbs at different pressures [200, 250, 300, 350, and 400 mmHg for BStrong and 0, 40, and 60% of the arterial occlusion pressure (AOP) for Hokanson]. Doppler ultrasound recorded blood flows through the brachial and femoral artery at rest.Results: With BStrong, only 350 and 400 mmHg pressures were significantly different from resting values (0% AOP). With Hokanson, both 40% and 60% of the AOP were significantly different from resting values (p &lt; 0.05).Discussion: While both cuffs elicited BFR, they failed to accurately modulate blood flow. Hokanson is appropriate for research settings while BStrong appears to be a convenient tool for practitioners due to its safety (i.e., the impossibility of completely occluding arteries) and the possibility of exercising freely detached from the pump.
Depression, anxiety and stress, during COVID-19 pandemic among midwives in ethiopia: A nationwide cross-sectional survey
Authors: Kassahun Eskeziaw Abebe , Kassie Belayneh Ayanaw , Tilahun Sewbesew Yitayih , Bizuneh Asmamaw Demis 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionCOVID-19 has rapidly crossed borders, infecting people throughout the whole world, and has led to a wide range of psychological sequelae. Midwives who come close in contact with women while providing care are often left stricken with inadequate protection from contamination with COVID-19. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the level of depression, anxiety, and stress (DASS) among midwives in Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from 20 June to 20 August 2020, among 1,691 practicing midwives in Ethiopia. A simple random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data were collected through a structured telephone interview. A 21-item depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21) was used. Data were entered using the Google forms platform and were analyzed with SPSS version 24. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed. Variables with a p-value &lt; 0.05 in the final model were declared statistically significant. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was used to determine independent predictors.ResultsThe prevalence of DASS among midwives in Ethiopia was 41.1, 29.6, and 19.0%, respectively. Being female [AOR = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.69], working in rural areas [AOR = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.82], having poor knowledge of COVID-19 [AOR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.75], having poor preventive practice [AOR = 1.83; 95% CI: 1.47, 2.28], and substance use [AOR = 0.31; 95% CI: 0.17, 0.56] were significantly associated with depression; while, working in the governmental health facility [AOR = 2.44; 95% CI: 1.24, 4.78], having poor preventive practice [AOR = 1,47; 95% CI: 1.16, 1.85], and having poor attitude [AOR = 2.22; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.66] were significantly associated with anxiety. Furthermore, working in rural areas [AOR = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.39, 0.83], substance use [AOR = 2.06; 95% CI: 1.51, 2.81], having poor knowledge [AOR = 1.44; 95% CI: 1.20, 1.90], and having poor preventive practice [AOR = 1.60; 95% CI: 1.23, 2.10] were associated with stress.ConclusionIn this study, the overall magnitude of depression, anxiety, and stress were high. Addressing knowledge gaps through information, training, and safety protocols on COVID-19 and the provision of adequate personal protective equipment (PPE) is essential to preserve the mental health of Midwives during COVID-19.
Digital phenotype of mood disorders: A conceptual and critical review
Authors: Maatoug Redwan , Oudin Antoine , Adrien Vladimir , Saudreau Bertrand , Bonnot Olivier , Millet Bruno , Ferreri Florian , Mouchabac Stephane , Bourla Alexis 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundMood disorders are commonly diagnosed and staged using clinical features that rely merely on subjective data. The concept of digital phenotyping is based on the idea that collecting real-time markers of human behavior allows us to determine the digital signature of a pathology. This strategy assumes that behaviors are quantifiable from data extracted and analyzed through digital sensors, wearable devices, or smartphones. That concept could bring a shift in the diagnosis of mood disorders, introducing for the first time additional examinations on psychiatric routine care.ObjectiveThe main objective of this review was to propose a conceptual and critical review of the literature regarding the theoretical and technical principles of the digital phenotypes applied to mood disorders.MethodsWe conducted a review of the literature by updating a previous article and querying the PubMed database between February 2017 and November 2021 on titles with relevant keywords regarding digital phenotyping, mood disorders and artificial intelligence.ResultsOut of 884 articles included for evaluation, 45 articles were taken into account and classified by data source (multimodal, actigraphy, ECG, smartphone use, voice analysis, or body temperature). For depressive episodes, the main finding is a decrease in terms of functional and biological parameters [decrease in activities and walking, decrease in the number of calls and SMS messages, decrease in temperature and heart rate variability (HRV)], while the manic phase produces the reverse phenomenon (increase in activities, number of calls and HRV).ConclusionThe various studies presented support the potential interest in digital phenotyping to computerize the clinical characteristics of mood disorders.
Usual care for youth with autism spectrum disorder: Community-based providers’ reported familiarity with treatment practices
Authors: Lerner Matthew D. , Brown Cynthia E. , Sridhar Aksheya , Tschida Jessica E. , Felsman Peter , Libsack Erin J. , Kerns Connor M. , Moskowitz Lauren J. , Soorya Latha , Wainer Allison , Cohn Elizabeth , Drahota Amy 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveTo examine patterns and predictors of familiarity with transdisciplinary psychosocial (e.g., non-pharmacologic) practices for practitioners treating youths with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the United States.MethodPractitioners (n = 701) from behavioral, education, medical, and mental health backgrounds who worked with youth (ages 7–22) with ASD completed the Usual Care for Autism Survey, which assessed provider demographics and self-reported familiarity with transdisciplinary treatment practices for the most common referral problems of ASD. We examined relations between provider-, setting-, and client-level characteristics with familiarity of key groups of the treatment practices (practice sets). Practice sets were identified using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and demographic predictors of practice subsets were examined using generalized estimating equations (GEE).ResultsThe EFA yielded a three-factor solution: (1) environmental modifications/antecedent strategies; (2) behavior analytic strategies; and (3) cognitive strategies, with overall familiarity ranked in this order. Medical providers indicated the least familiarity across disciplines. More experience with ASD and treating those with intellectual disabilities predicted greater familiarity with only environmental modifications/antecedent strategies and behavior analytic, but not cognitive strategies. Experience treating low SES clients predicted familiarity with environmental modification and behavior analytic strategies while experience treating high SES clients predicted familiarity with behavior analytic and cognitive strategies.ConclusionThis is the first study to identify transdisciplinary, interpretable sets of practices for treating youth with ASD based on community providers’ reported familiarity. Results highlight factors associated with familiarity with practice sets, which is essential for mapping practice availability, and optimizing training and dissemination efforts for youth with ASD.