bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening for obstructive sleep apnea in elderly: performance of the Berlin and STOP-Bang questionnaires and the Epworth sleepiness scale using polysomnography as gold standard
Authors: Godoy Paulo Henrique , Nucera Ana Paula Cassetta dos Santos , Colcher Andressa de Paiva , Andrade Jéssica Escorcio de , Alves Davi da Silveira Barroso 
Published: June 2022

Objectives Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects approximately one third of the population and can reach 90% prevalence in the elderly. There are screening tools to track the disease, however, their performance may differ according to population characteristics. This study aims to determine sensitivity, specificity, predictive value, likelihood ratio, and accuracy of the Berlin (BQ) and STOP-Bang (S-Bang) questionnaires and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), comparing their performances, using polysomnography (PSG) as a gold standard, in a sample of elderly.
Material and Methods The study was cross-sectional, retrospective, included patients aged 60 or older who underwent PSG type 1, regardless of the BQ, S-Bang and ESS results, during the period of June 1, 2017 to April 30, 2019. OSA diagnosis was by PSG in which the hypopnea apnea index was greater than or equal to 5.
Results Sixty-two patients were evaluated; the prevalence of OSA was 72.58%. The mean age in the sample with OSA was 73.0±8.4 years and without it was 74.7±8.1 years. The sample was predominantly female, 58.1% with OSA. The BQ showed the best results for specificity, predictive value, likelihood ratio and accuracy. S-Bang had the best result for sensitivity and ESS showed the worst results. The BQ odds ratio showed that an individual with a positive BQ has 335% more chance of developing OSA.
Conclusion The QB showed the best performance in the measures for identifying OSA, for a sample of elderly individuals, with a predominance of females and a high prevalence of the disease.
Effect of night-shift work on cortisol circadian rhythm and melatonin levels
Authors: Brum Maria Carlota Borba , Senger Martha Bergan , Schnorr Claudia Carolina , Ehlert Lethicia Rozales , Rodrigues Ticiana da Costa 
Published: June 2022

Objectives Night-shift work has been associated with several negative effects on worker’s health, possibly due to circadian desynchronization, sleep deprivation and suppression of nocturnal melatonin secretion including exposure to light during the work shift. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of fixed night-shift work versus day-shift work on the sleep-wake cycle and on the night and day levels of cortisol and melatonin.
Material and Methods Saliva samples were obtained from 36 individuals, 19 day workers (12 women and 7 men) and 17 night workers (12 women and 5 men) from a university hospital in southern Brazil, with no history of chronic diseases. Demographic and personal information were obtained through a self-administered questionnaire and sleep information by the Munich chronotype questionnaire.
Results Salivary cortisol showed normal circadian rhythm in day- and night-shift workers, but was attenuated in night-shift workers during their working hours and on leave days. Night workers sleep fewer hours at night and have higher negative social jet lag than day workers.
Conclusion Intervals between night shifts can be beneficial for the recovery of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, minimizing the negative effects on workers’ health, in addition to a preventive approach to aspects related to sleep hygiene and healthy life habits.
Possible sleep bruxism, smartphone addiction and sleep quality among Brazilian university students during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Prado Ivana Meyer , Perazzo Matheus de França , Abreu Lucas Guimarães , Granville-Garcia Ana Flávia , Amin Maryam , Pordeus Isabela Almeida , Paiva Saul Martins , Serra-Negra Junia Maria 
Published: June 2022

Objectives To evaluate the association of sleep bruxism activity with smartphone addiction and sleep quality among university students during COVID-19 pandemic.
Material and Methods A cross-sectional online survey with 546 university students in social distancing was conducted (May 29th to June 2nd 2020). Participants should be undergraduate and graduate students enrolled in Brazilian public/private universities. A self-completed questionnaire collected sociodemographic characteristics, academic information, and severity of possible sleep bruxism (PSB) activities (grinding, bracing, and thrusting). Students answered the Brazilian version of Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI-BR) and short form of the smartphone addiction scale (SAS-SV). Descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression were performed (p=0.05).
Results Sample mean age was 24.9 (±5.5) years. Students with higher scores of PSQI-BR were more likely to present severe PSB-bracing (OR=1.154; 95%CI=1.057-1.260), severe PSB-grinding (OR=1.133; 95%CI=1.048-1.225) and severe PSB-thrusting (OR=1.197;95%CI=1.107-1.294). Students who had children presented 3 times more chance (OR=3.193; 95%CI=1.236-8.250) to report severe PSB-thrusting. Being female increased the chance of reporting moderate (OR=3.315; 95%CI=1.333-8.914) and severe (OR=2.940; 95%CI=1.116-7.747) PSB-thrusting. Students not enrolled in distance learning presented 2 times more chance (OR=2.638; 95%CI=1.233-5.649) of reporting moderate PSB-grinding. Students with higher scores in SAS-SV had a slight increase in the chance of presenting mild (OR=1.042; 95%CI=1.009-1.077) and moderate (OR=1.065; 95%CI=1.018-1.115) PSB-bracing, as well as mild (OR=1.044; 95%CI=1.011-1.078) and moderate (OR=1.041; 95%CI=1.005-1.077) PSB-thrusting.
Conclusion Smartphone addiction, worse sleep quality, having children, female sex and not being enrolled in distance learning were associated possible sleep bruxism during COVID-19 pandemic.
A clinical trial to compare the effects of aerobic training and resistance training on sleep quality and quality of life in older adults with sleep disturbance
Authors: Gupta Shailly , Bansal Kshitija , Saxena Prerna 
Published: June 2022

Objectives To compare the effects of aerobic and resistance training on sleep quality and Quality of Life (QoL) in older adults with sleep disturbance.
Material and Methods An experimental study was conducted on 36 subjects with sleep disturbance of age ≥60 years. The subjects were assessed for sleep quality and quality of life by using Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and WHOQOL-BREF questionnaires. Those who scored PSQI>5 were included in the study and were divided into two groups A and B. Both the groups A and B received warm up and cool down with, aerobic training for group A and resistance training for group B, respectively. The training was given for 40-45 minutes a day, 4 days/week for 4 weeks. Base line and post treatment PSQI and WHOQOL-BREF scores were recorded.
Results Repeated measure ANOVA with Post hoc analysis was done using SPSS software version 16.0. Analysis revealed significant improvement (p<0.05) in PSQI scores within both groups but not between the groups. Post hoc analysis for sleep efficiency, sleep onset latency and sleep duration showed better improvement in resistance training group. Further QoL showed no significant difference between groups for all domains except for domain 3, i.e., social relationship which was found to be better in aerobic training group.
Conclusion Resistance and aerobic training improves both quality of sleep and quality of life. But resistance training has better effect on sleep efficiency, sleep onset latency and sleep duration. As both the training has beneficial effects on sleep quality and quality of life. So, either form of training can be used according to the individuals’ functional and medical status to improve sleep quality.
Análise de metodologias do design e elaboração de ferramentas úteis para o processo criativo do designer de moda
Authors: Scoz Emanuella , Santos Celio Teodorico dos 
Published: June 2022

Essa pesquisa objetivou analisar metodologias do design de moda, e desenvolver ferramentas úteis ao processo criativo. O que foi possível a partir do referencial teórico e da análise dos dados de pesquisa aplicada em agosto de 2020. Como resultado dessa análise será apresentada uma síntese do PDP para o design de moda, e cartelas de referencial semântico estéticos, semânticos e de estilo da moda. As cartelas foram elaboradas para servir como um método, aplicado a diferentes marcas, consumidores, designers, modelos de negócios dentre outros, e como tal serão evidenciados os passos para sua formulação metodológica. O referencial teórico de pesquisa parte de Sternberg (2010), Mukarovski (2000), Oliveira (2007), Gomes Filho (2008), Bona (2019), Santos (2009), e Scoz et al. (2019). Sobre os dados obtidos foi utilizada a metodologia de análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 2016). Sobre o referencial teórico foi utilizado o método de análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 2016). Os resultados permitiram compreender que o método do design sofre alterações no PDP do design de moda, sendo acomodado às necessidades dos profissionais, e que durante esse processo há necessidade de ferramentas úteis para interpretação de informações subjetivas. Espera-se que essa pesquisa possa auxiliar estudantes, professores e profissionais de moda no ensino, aprendizagem e execução do processo criativo no design de moda.
Uncovering the natural variability of araucariacean exudates from ex situ and in situ tree populations in New Caledonia using FTIR spectroscopy
Authors: Seyfullah Leyla J. , Roberts Emily A. , Jardine Phillip E. , Rikkinen Jouko , Schmidt Alexander R. 
Published: June 2022

Background
Understanding the natural variability of plant resins is crucial for evaluating the chemical information stored in ambers that may support inferring palaeoenvironmental conditions. However, even among extant resin-producing plants, the variation of resinous exudates within and between tree genera and species is still poorly understood.

Methods
We analysed plant exudates from across the Araucariaceae in New Caledonia using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy in attenuated total reflection mode (FTIR-ATR). Both, wild (in situ) and arboretum grown (ex situ) populations were used to uncover the effects of intergeneric, inter- and intraspecific variation of the araucariacean plants on the resin chemistry.

Results
We show that even resins from the same species in the same habitat do have natural (intraspecific) chemical variation. Some of the variation can result from the degree of resin polymerisation, but this is not the only source of variation. Wild sourced resins have greater natural intraspecific chemical variation than the arboretum sourced ones. Interspecific and intergeneric differences were not easy to distinguish in the resins sampled. This has strong implications for the evaluation of the chemical information from worldwide ambers: multiple samples should be analysed to give a more accurate picture of the natural chemical variation present and how this may or may not overlap with the chemistries of other resin types. Additionally we discovered that the Araucariacean species can produce up to three distinct types of exudate (gum, resin, and gum resin). This is the first time that gum resins have been identified and characterized with FTIR-ATR. We also provide a guide on how to distinguish the exudate types when using FTIR-ATR.
Determination of muscle strength and function in plesiosaur limbs: finite element structural analyses ofCryptoclidus eurymerushumerus and femur
Authors: Krahl Anna , Lipphaus Andreas , Sander P. Martin , Witzel Ulrich 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundThe Plesiosauria (Sauropterygia) are secondary marine diapsids. They are the only tetrapods to have evolved hydrofoil fore- and hindflippers. Once this specialization of locomotion had evolved, it remained essentially unchanged for 135 Ma. It is still controversial whether plesiosaurs flew underwater, rowed, or used a mixture of the two modes of locomotion. The long bones of Tetrapoda are functionally loaded by torsion, bending, compression, and tension during locomotion. Superposition of load cases shows that the bones are loaded mainly by compressive stresses. Therefore, it is possible to use finite element structure analysis (FESA) as a test environment for loading hypotheses. These include muscle reconstructions and muscle lines of action (LOA) when the goal is to obtain a homogeneous compressive stress distribution and to minimize bending in the model. Myological reconstruction revealed a muscle-powered flipper twisting mechanism. The flippers of plesiosaurs were twisted along the flipper length axis by extensors and flexors that originated from the humerus and femur as well as further distal locations.MethodsTo investigate locomotion in plesiosaurs, the humerus and femur of a mounted skeleton ofCryptoclidus eurymerus(Middle Jurassic Oxford Clay Formation from Britain) were analyzed using FE methods based on the concept of optimization of loading by compression. After limb muscle reconstructions including the flipper twisting muscles, LOA were derived for all humerus and femur muscles ofCryptoclidusby stretching cords along casts of the fore- and hindflippers of the mounted skeleton. LOA and muscle attachments were added to meshed volumetric models of the humerus and femur derived from micro-CT scans. Muscle forces were approximated by stochastic iteration and the compressive stress distribution for the two load cases, “downstroke” and “upstroke”, for each bone were calculated by aiming at a homogeneous compressive stress distribution.ResultsHumeral and femoral depressors and retractors, which drive underwater flight rather than rowing, were found to exert higher muscle forces than the elevators and protractors. Furthermore, extensors and flexors exert high muscle forces compared to Cheloniidae. This confirms a convergently evolved myological mechanism of flipper twisting in plesiosaurs and complements hydrodynamic studies that showed flipper twisting is critical for efficient plesiosaur underwater flight.
Response of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to Irrigation Scheduling and Nutrient Management
Authors: Sharma Priyansh Kumar , Goyal Girish , Tomar S. S. , Tripathi Ankur 
Published: June 2022

A research study was carried out during Rabi, 2020-21 at Crop Research Centre (CRC), School of Agriculture, ITM University, Gwalior (MP) to investigate the response of barley crop (Hordeum vulgare L.) to irrigation scheduling and nutrient management. The study was carried out in split plot design with irrigation scheduling at different crop growth stages and nutrient management. The main plots consisted of 3 irrigation treatments viz., I0: No irrigation; I1: Irrigation at CRI stage; I3: Irrigation at CRI and tillering stages and sub plots consisted of four nutrient management treatments viz., N1, N2, N3 and N4. The results of the study revealed that irrigations scheduled at CRI and late tillering stages recorded maximum grain yield (4309.50 kg ha-1) which was 28.90% and 20.90% significantly higher than barley plants received no irrigation and one irrigation at CRI stage, respectively. Among nutrient management, application of 100% NPK with foliar application of 19:19:19 at 30 and 60 days after sowing (DAS) registered significantly higher yield attributes and seed yield of barley (4064.40 kg ha-1) while the treatment combination, two irrigations and 100% NPK with foliar application of 19:19:19 fertilizer at 30 and 60 days after sowing fetched maximum gross (₹ 89256.00/ha) and net returns (₹ 60836.00/ha) and B:C ratio of 3.15.
Performance of Leguminous Crops under Different Tillage Practices in Silty Loam Soil of Balochistan
Authors: Sharif Muhammad , Ullah Misbahn , Ziad Tariq , Khan Imran , Khan Nasir 
Published: June 2022

Balochistan is the province of Pakistan that facing serious issues such assoil erosion, structural instability, and nutrient depletion, and water scarcity, accumulation of excessive salts in soil and low contents of organic matter. Unfortunately, the current exhaustive cropping system and intensive ploughing further promoting the mentioned problems. The following study was designed with the objective i) to evaluate the effects of different tillage and legumes on soil organic carbon dynamic in upland of Balochistan. ii) To compare the outcomes of various tillage practices on legume crop manufacturing in upland of Balochistan. Treatments consist of zero tillage (ZT), minimal tillage (MT) and traditional tillage (CT) and crop become gram develop at some point of summer time season. Experimental results revealed that soil pH under ZT (8.1) MT (8) CT (8); EC under ZT (1.3dsm-1) MT (0.84 dsm-1) CT (0.87 dsm-1); MOC under ZT (0.27%) MT (0.24%) CT (0.25%); POC under ZT (0.45%) MT (0.42%) CT (0.4%), TOC under ZT (0.84%) MT (0.82%) CT (0.78%); OM under ZT (0.7%) MT (0.7%) CT (0.64%); MBC under ZT (0.53%) MT (0.52%) CT (0.46%); Moisture Content under ZT (16.51) MT (15.87) CT (15.16); temperature Under ZT (23.067) MT (22.867) CT (22.733) Plant emergence Under ZT (81.6%) MT (80%) CT (79%); Biological yield Under ZT (0.3933kgm-2) MT (0.38 kgm-2) CT (0.38 kgm-2); Grain Yield under ZT (0.14 kgm-2) MT (0.13 kgm-2) CT (0.12 kgm-2). It is concluded that guar crop germination was a serious problems under all the tillage practices. However, soil properties were improved with reduction of tillage practices especially buildup of organic carbon was observed under zero tillage practices.
Cerebroplacental Doppler Indices in Intrauterine Growth Restriction Fetuses before and after Maternal Dexamethasone Management
Authors: Belal Mona A. , Borg Hesham M. , El-Badry Amr M. , Awara Ahmed M. 
Published: June 2022

Background: IUGR increases the risk for intrapartum asphyxia, preterm delivery, and risks associated with preterm delivery, including but not limited to respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular hemorrhage, and necrotizing enterocolitis. Doppler ultrasound gives us information on the vascular resistance and, indirectly, on the blood flow. The aim of this work is to assess any change in the cerebroplacental Doppler ratio before and after receiving Dexamethasone on pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction.
Methods: A prospective study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University on 60 pregnant females after counseling and explaining of the procedure to patients, assurance of confidentiality, anonymity and their acceptance.
Results: The mean GA was 32 weeks and mean weigh of the fetus was 1165 kg with mean amniotic fluid index 5.85 cm. There was significant increase in MCA PI after treatment p-value <0.001. there was significant decrease in UMA PI after treatment with p-value <0.001.
Conclusions: Dexamethasone use in cases of IUGR is associated with significant improvement in the form of decrease in umbilical artery S/D ratio and pulsatility index.
Candidate imaging biomarkers forPMP22‐related inherited neuropathies
Authors: Roth Alison R. , Li Jun , Dortch Richard D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveCharcot–Marie–Tooth type 1A (CMT1A) and hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsy (HNPP) are caused by mutations to theperipheral myelin protein 22(PMP22) gene. A need exists for sensitive and reliable biomarkers of progression and treatment response. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) metrics of nerve pathology and morphology were investigated for this purpose.MethodsMRI was performed at 3.0 T in the thigh of CMT1A (N = 11) and HNPP patients (N = 12) and controls (N = 23). Three potential imaging biomarkers of the sciatic nerve were investigated: 1) magnetization transfer ratio (MTR), which assays myelin content, and 2) cross‐sectional area (CSA) and 3) circularity, which assay morphological changes. Potential imaging biomarkers were compared across cohorts and assessed for relationships with disability in the legs (CMTESL), compound motor action potentials (CMAP), and motor conduction velocities (MCV). Inter‐rater reliability and test–retest repeatability were established for each imaging metric.ResultsSignificant differences in MTR, CSA, and circularity were observed in CMT1A relative to controls (p = 0.02,p < 0.001, andp = 0.003, respectively, via Wilcoxon rank‐sum tests). Differences were not observed in the HNPP cohort. Significant relationships were observed between MTR and clinical metrics (CMTESL:p = 0.003, CMAP:p = 0.03, MCV:p = 0.01); and between CSA and electrophysiology (CMAP:p = 0.002, MCV:p < 0.001). All metrics were reliable and repeatable with MTR the most reliable (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] >0.999, CV = 0.30%) and repeatable (ICC = 0.84, CV = 3.16%).InterpretationMTR, CSA, and circularity showed promise as reliable and sensitive biomarkers of CMT1A, but not HNPP. These warrant longitudinal investigation as response biomarkers in upcoming clinical trials of CMT1A, while other methods should be considered for HNPP.
Schwann Cells in Peripheral Cancers: Bystanders or Promoters?
Authors: Yurteri Ümmügülsüm , Çifcibaşı Kaan , Friess Helmut , Ceyhan Güralp O. , Istvanffy Rouzanna , Demir Ihsan Ekin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe tumor microenvironment is subject to intense investigation in terms of its influence on tumorigenesis. Despite the fact that Schwann cells are cancer cells’ early interaction partners, investigations on tumor progression and the molecular drivers of carcinogenesis do not place enough emphasis on them. Recent studies have shown that malignant cells and nerves interact on several levels during early carcinogenesis. For instance, the emergence of nerves in cancer, known as cancer neo‐neurogenesis, is one important mechanism that contributes to cancer progression. Recent studies on Schwann cells brought the investigation of tumor–nerve interactions to a whole new level. Schwann cells make up the majority of glial cells in the peripheral nervous system, are outstandingly plastic cells, and serve a variety of roles in most organs. All these properties make Schwann cells excellent potential targets for tumor cells to exploit and turn them into promoters of carcinogenesis. In the present review, the distinctive features of Schwann cell–tumor cell interactions and the implications of this interaction on the tumor microenvironment are outlined. Further, this study points out the neglected aspects of Schwann cells in the tumor microenvironment and provides a potential new avenue for future research.