bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inflammatory Microenvironment‐Responsive Nanomaterials Promote Spinal Cord Injury Repair by Targeting IRF5
Authors: Ma Dezun , Shen He , Chen Fangman , Liu Weiyuan , Zhao Yannan , Xiao Zhifeng , Wu Xianming , Chen Bing , Lu Junna , Shao Dan , Dai Jianwu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) involves excessive inflammatory responses, which are characterized by the existence of high levels of proinflammatory M1 macrophages rather than prohealing M2 macrophages, and oxidative stress. Interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) is a promising therapeutic target in regulation of macrophage reprogramming from the M1 to M2 phenotype. However, knockdown of IRF5 expression mediated by small interfering RNA (siRNA) is limited by instability and poor cellular uptake. In the present study, polyethylenimine‐conjugated, diselenide‐bridged mesoporous silica nanoparticles are tailored to regulate macrophage polarization by controllably delivering siRNA to silence IRF5. The MSN provides reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐responsive degradation and release, while polyethylenimine‐function offers efficient loading of siRNA‐IRF5 and enhanced endosome escape. As a consequence, the intelligent nanomaterial effectively transfects the siRNA‐IRF5 with its remaining high stability and bioactivity, thereby effectively regulating the M1‐to‐M2 macrophage conversion in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, administration of the functional nanomaterial in crush SCI mice suppresses excessive inflammation, enhances neuroprotection, and promotes locomotor restoration. Collectively, the ROS‐responsive nanomedicine provides a gene silencing strategy for regulating macrophage polarization and oxidative balance in SCI repair.
High Throughput Omnidirectional Printing of Tubular Microstructures from Elastomeric Polymers
Authors: Liu Chuan , Campbell Scott B. , Li Jianzhao , Bannerman Dawn , Pascual‐Gil Simon , Kieda Jennifer , Wu Qinghua , Herman Peter R. , Radisic Milica 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBioelastomers are extensively used in biomedical applications due to their desirable mechanical strength, tunable properties, and chemical versatility; however, three‐dimensional (3D) printing bioelastomers into microscale structures has proven elusive. Herein, a high throughput omnidirectional printing approach via coaxial extrusion is described that fabricates perfusable elastomeric microtubes of unprecedently small inner diameter (350–550 µm) and wall thickness (40–60 µm). The versatility of this approach is shown through the printing of two different polymeric elastomers, followed by photocrosslinking and removal of the fugitive inner phase. Designed experiments are used to tune the microtube dimensions and stiffness to match that of native ex vivo rat vasculature. This approach affords the fabrication of multiple biomimetic shapes resembling cochlea and kidney glomerulus and affords facile, high‐throughput generation of perfusable structures that can be seeded with endothelial cells for biomedical applications. Post‐printing laser micromachining is performed to generate micro‐sized holes (520 µm) in the tube wall to tune microstructure permeability. Importantly, for organ‐on‐a‐chip applications, the described approach takes only 3.6 min to print microtubes (without microholes) over an entire 96‐well plate device, in contrast to comparable hole‐free structures that take between 1.5 and 6.5 days to fabricate using a manual 3D stamping approach.
3D Printed Hybrid Aerogel Gauzes Enable Highly Efficient Hemostasis
Authors: Yang Xiaoxu , Shi Nan , Liu Jian , Cheng Qingqing , Li Guangyong , Lyu Jing , Ma Fengguo , Zhang Xuetong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHemostatic materials have played a significant role in mitigating traumatic injury by controlling bleeding, however, the fabrication of the desirable material's structure to enhance the accumulation of blood cells and platelets for highly efficient hemostasis is still a great challenge. In this work, directed assembly of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) macromolecules covering the rigid Kevlar nanofiber (KNF) network during 3D printing process is utilized to fabricate hydrophilic, biocompatible, and mechanically stable KNF‐PVA aerogel filaments for effective enriching blood components by fast water absorption. As such, KNF‐PVA aerogel gauzes demonstrate remarkable water permeability (338 mL cm−2 s−1 bar−1), water absorption speed (as high as 9.64 g g−1 min−1) and capacity (more than ten times of self‐weight), and ability to enrich micron‐sized particles when contacting aqueous solution. All these properties favor efficient hemostasis and the resulting KNF‐PVA aerogel gauzes significantly outperform the commercial product Quikclot Gauze (Z‐Medica) during in vivo experiments with the rat liver laceration model, reducing the hemostasis time by half (60 ± 4 s) and the blood loss by two thirds (0.07 ± 0.01 g). These results demonstrate a robust strategy to design various aerogel gauzes for hemostasis applications.
Collagen Niches Affect Direct Transcriptional Conversion toward Human Nucleus Pulposus Cells via Actomyosin Contractility
Authors: Shi Kesi , Liang Chengzhen , Huang Xianpeng , Wang Shaoke , Chen Jiangjie , Cheng Feng , Wang Chenggui , Ying Liwei , Pan Zhaoqi , Zhang Yuang , Shu Jiawei , Yang Biao , Wang Jingkai , Xia Kaishun , Zhou Xiaopeng , Li Hao , Li Fangcai , Tao Yiqing , Chen Qixin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCellular niches play fundamental roles in regulating cellular behaviors. However, the effect of niches on direct converted cells remains unexplored. In the present study, the specific combination of transcription factors is first identified to directly acquire induced nucleus pulposus‐like cells (iNPLCs). Next, tunable physical properties of collagen niches are fabricated based on various crosslinking degrees. Collagen niches significantly affect actomyosin cytoskeleton and then influence the maturation of iNPLCs. Using gain‐ and loss of function approaches, the appropriate physical states of collagen niches are found to significantly enhance the maturation of iNPLCs through actomyosin contractility. Moreover, in a rat model of degenerative disc diseases, iNPLCs with collagen niches are transplanted into the lesion to achieve significant improvements. As a result, overexpression of transcription factors in human dermal fibroblasts are efficiently converted into iNPLCs and the optimal collagen niches affect cellular cytoskeleton and then facilitate iNPLCs maturation toward human nucleus pulposus cells. These findings encourage more in‐depth studies toward the interactions of niches and direct conversion, which would contribute to the development of direct conversion.
Niobium Diselenide Nanosheets: An Emerging Biodegradable Nanoplatform for Efficient Cancer Phototheranostics in the NIR‐II Window
Authors: Xie Hanhan , Geng Shengyong , Shao Jundong , Luo Guanghong , Liu Qian , Wang Jiahong , Chen Yue , Chu Paul K. , Li Zhibin , Yu Xue‐Feng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAs a prominent class of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), niobium diselenide nanosheets (NbSe2 NSs) have garnered tremendous interest on account of promising applications pertaining to optoelectronics and energy storage. Although NbSe2 NSs have many unique advantages such as inherent biocompatibility and broad absorption in the NIR region, their biomedical applications have rarely been reported, especially as therapeutic agents for the second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) range. Herein, a biodegradable nanotherapeutic platform consisting of NbSe2 NSs is designed and demonstrated for NIR‐II light‐triggered photothermal therapy. NbSe2 NSs synthesized by grinding and liquid exfoliation exhibit superior photothermal conversion efficiency (48.3%) and remarkable photothermal stability in the NIR‐II region. In vitro assessment demonstrates that NbSe2 NSs have favorable photothermal cell ablation efficiency and biocompatibility. After intravenous injection in vivo, the NbSe2 NSs accumulate passively in tumor sites to facilitate fluorescence imaging and tumor ablation by NIR‐II illumination. Furthermore, as a result of gradual degradation in the physiological environment, NbSe2 NSs can be excreted from the body to avoid potential toxicity caused by long‐term retention in vivo. The results reveal a promising NIR‐II light‐triggered PTT strategy with the aid of NbSe2 NSs and the platform is expected to have large potential in cancer theranostics.
Porous Silicon Microneedles for Enhanced Transdermal Drug Delivery
Authors: Tabassum Nazia , Alba Maria , Yan Li , Voelcker Nicolas H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe transdermal route is attractive for the minimally invasive administration of small and large molecules. Microneedles (MNs) are particularly promising because of their straightforward, cost‐effective, and safe administration. But precise control over their degradation rate within the skin remains a challenge. Here, porous silicon microneedles (pSi MNs) with controlled degradation rate, tunable porosity, high payload capacity, and mechanical stability are introduced for transdermal delivery of bioactive molecules. pSi MNs are fabricated by combining dry and wet etching methods. After creating MNs via deep reactive ion etching, a porous surface is obtained by electrochemical anodization, producing pSi MNs of about 42 µm length, tip diameter < 1 µm, and conformal porous layers. The biodegradability and the mechanical properties of pSi MNs are adjusted by changing the thickness of the porous layer from 1.5 to 4.0 µm. Both small and macromolecular drug molecules are uniformly loaded into the porous layer of the pSi MN arrays. Ex vivo penetration experiments on porcine tissue demonstrate efficient transdermal delivery using pSi MNs. The novel pSi MNs with tunable porosity, biodegradability, and mechanical strength offer opportunities for the delivery of biotherapeutics through the skin, engendering innovations in pharmaceutical sciences.
When the flood passes, does health return? A short panel examining water and food insecurity, nutrition, and disease after an extreme flood in lowland Bolivia
Authors: Rosinger Asher Y. , Rosinger Kelly , Barnhart Kaitlyn , Todd Madeleine , Hamilton Tate , Arias Cuellar Katerine , Nate Dino 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesFlooding is the most frequent extreme‐weather disaster and disproportionately burdens marginalized populations. This article examines how food and water insecurity, blood pressure (BP), nutritional status, and diarrheal and respiratory illnesses changed during the 2 months following a historic flood in lowland Bolivia.MethodsDrawing on longitudinal data from Tsimane' forager‐horticulturalist (n = 118 household heads;n = 129 children) directly after a historic 2014 flood and ~2 months later, we use fixed effects linear regression and random effects logistic regression models to test changes in the markers of well‐being and health over the recovery process.ResultsResults demonstrated that water insecurity scores decreased significantly 2 month's postflood, while food insecurity scores remained high. Adults' systolic and diastolic BP significantly declined 2 months after the flood's conclusion. Adults experienced losses in measures of adiposity (BMI, sum of four skinfolds, waist circumference). Children gained weight and BMI‐for‐ageZ‐scores indicating buffering of children by adults from food stress that mainly occurred in the community closer to the main market town with greater access to food aid. Odds of diarrhea showed a nonsignificant decline, while cough increased significantly for both children and adults 2 months postflood.ConclusionsWater insecurity and BP improved during the recovery process, while high levels of food insecurity persisted, and nutritional stress and respiratory illness worsened. Not all indicators of well‐being and health recover at the same rate after historic flooding events. Planning for multiphase recovery is critical to improve health of marginalized populations after flooding.
Alzheimer's disease as an innate autoimmune disease (AD2): A new molecular paradigm
Authors: Weaver Donald F. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA new model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is presented: Alzheimer's disease as an autoimmune disease (AD2). In response to pathogen‐/damage‐associated molecular pattern‐stimulating events (e.g., infection, trauma, ischemia, pollution), amyloid beta (Aβ) is released as an early responder cytokine triggering an innate immunity cascade in which Aβ exhibits immunomodulatory/antimicrobial duality. However, Aβ’s antimicrobial properties result in a misdirected attack upon “self” neurons, arising from the electrophysiological similarities between neurons and bacteria in terms of transmembrane potential gradients and anionic charges on outer membrane macromolecules. The subsequent breakdown products of necrotic neurons elicit further release of Aβ leading to a chronic, self‐perpetuating cycle. In AD2, amino acid (trp, arg) metabolism is a central control player in modulating AD autoimmunity. AD2 includes Aβ as an important molecular player, but rejects the “amyloid hypothesis,” recognizing Aβ as a physiologically oligomerizing cytokine and part of a larger immunopathic conceptualization of AD.
Facet Engineering of a Metal–Organic Framework Support Modulates the Microenvironment of Palladium Nanoparticles for Selective Hydrogenation
Authors: Gao Ming‐Liang , Li Luyan , Sun Zi‐Xuan , Li Jia‐Rui , Jiang Hai‐Long 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe exposed facets of supported catalysts play a crucial role in catalysis; however, they are usually ignored and related studies remain rare. Herein, we have fabricated a series of sandwich‐structured metal–organic framework composites, denoted ZIF‐8X@Pd@ZIF‐8 (x represents the morphology of ZIF‐8 core, i.e., ZIF‐8C exposing (100) facet, ZIF‐8RD exposing (110) facet, and ZIF‐8TRD exposing mixed (100) and (110) facets), featuring Pd nanoparticles deposited on the specific crystal facets of ZIF‐8 core, for hydrogenation of p‐chloronitrobenzene. The Pd electronic state is tailored by the ZIF‐8 core, where more electron‐deficient Pd is found in ZIF‐8C@Pd@ZIF‐8 than that in ZIF‐8RD@Pd@ZIF‐8, leading to discriminative adsorption of the −NO2 and −Cl groups of p‐chloronitrobenzene. Consequently, ZIF‐8C@Pd@ZIF‐8 exhibits excellent activity (97.6 %) and selectivity (98.1 %) to p‐chloroaniline. This work highlights crystal facet engineering of supports to modulate the microenvironment and electronic state of supported metal nanoparticles, offering a promising avenue to enhanced catalysis.
Interprofessional Collaboration in theOR: A Qualitative Study of Nurses’ Perspectives
Authors: Levesque Marie‐Julie , Etherington Cole , Lalonde Michelle , Stacey Dawn 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTInterprofessional collaboration (IPC) in the OR enhances safe and effective patient care. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore perioperative nurses’ perspectives on their contributions to IPC. We conducted a secondary analysis of 19 semistructured interviews with perioperative RNs and completed inductive thematic analysis with subsequent categorization of the themes into the Interprofessional Education for Collaborative Patient‐Centred Practice Framework. Nurses expressed the importance of being heard through effective communication, feeling confident in their role, being aware of interdependent roles, and sharing a common understanding. From nurses’ perspectives, use of structured processes enabled organization of interdisciplinary patient care. Nurses showed leadership skills when they anticipated the needs of the team and recognized they needed support to develop these skills. They contributed to IPC through their shared understanding of common goals, leadership skills in the OR, and active involvement in delivering structured processes.
Biodegradable poly(butylene succinate‐co‐butylene furandicarboxylate): Effect of butylene furandicarboxylate unit on thermal, mechanical, and ultraviolet shielding properties, and biodegradability
Authors: Lv Xuedong , Luo Faliang , Zheng Liuchun , Niu Ruixue , Liu Yi , Xie Qiqi , Song DanQing , Zhang YunChuan , Zhou Tianbo , Zhu Shifan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBiobased co‐polyesters poly(butylene succinate‐co‐butylene furandicarboxylate) (PBSF) is prepared by transesterification and polycondensation of dimethyl succinate (DSMu), dimethyl 2,5‐furandicarboxylate (MDFD) and 1,4‐butanediol (1,4‐BDO). GPC analysis shows that PBSF has high molecular weight with weight average molecular weight (Mw) up to 11 × 104 g/mol. Due to the low ‐COOH content, PBSF also has excellent thermal stability, which is beneficial to the polyester processing. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis shows that PBSF are semi‐crystalline materials, with Tm ranging from 116 to 101°C. Tensile tests showed that theses polymers possess high tensile strength (30–22 MPa) and elongation at break as high as 562%, which is prominently higher than that of commercial poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and most biodegradable packaging materials. It should be noted that the increase of BF units improves the UV shielding properties of polyester materials. Moreover, the incorporation of furan ring promoted the enzymatic degradation of PBS, and PBSF showed a significantly faster biodegradation rate when the BF unit content is 5%. PBSF polyester has excellent thermal properties, tensile properties, UV shielding properties and biodegradable properties. Therefore, these new bio‐based polymers have great potential to be applied as environmentally friendly and sustainable plastic packaging.
What is in a model?
Authors: Kang David S. , Kim Yonggyun , Stanley David 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAfter reading contradictory claims of model status for some insect species, we feel a brief discussion of the topic may be useful. Here, we document a few examples where clarity on model status seems to be lacking, briefly review work on widely recognized models, and offer criteria for including any given species as a model organism.
Direct Arylation: A Greener Synthesis of Anthraquinone−Naphthalene diimide‐Based Small Chromophores for Applications in Organic Thin Film Transistors
Authors: Birajdar Shailesh S. , Ourabi May , Mirka Brendan , More Kerba S. , Puyad Avinash L. , Lessard Benoît H. , Bhosale Sidhanath V. , Bhosale Sheshanath V. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we report the design and synthesis of three naphthalene diimide‐ (NDI) and anthraquinone‐ (AQ) based organic chromophores derived from direct arylation reactions; NDI−AQ, AQ−NDI−AQ and NDI−AQ−NDI. Compared to classic cross‐coupling reactions, this method reduced the number of synthetic and purification steps. The chemical structures, photophysical and electrochemical properties of these molecules were characterized using UV‐vis spectroscopy, fluorescence emission spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The optoelectronic properties of the three dyes enabled the fabrication of organic thin film transistors (OTFTs). The fabricated OTFTs displayed good n‐type semiconducting properties, with electron mobilities () of 1.5–4.2×10−4 cm2 V−1 s−1.
Opacity of discrete‐event systems under nondeterministic observation mechanism
Authors: Zhang Jiahui , Chu Qian , Han Xiaoguang , Li ZhiWu , Chen Zengqiang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFor some practical systems modeled by discrete‐event systems (DESs), the event observation mechanism may be no longer static/fixed due to sensor faults/failures, packet loss, and/or measurement uncertainties. It is required to redefine the observations of events. Therefore, it is interesting to reconsider the opacity in the context of abnormal conditions as mentioned. In this paper, we extend notions of initial‐state opacity (ISO), current‐state opacity (CSO), and initial‐and‐final‐state opacity (IFSO) in a standard setting to an advanced framework of nondeterministic observations (i.e., the event‐observation mechanism is state‐dependent and nondeterministic) by taking the output‐observation‐equivalence instead of the natural projection‐equivalence into account. To efficiently verify them, we construct three new matrix‐based information structures in this advanced framework called an initial‐state estimator, a current‐state estimator, and an initial‐and‐final‐state estimator using the Boolean semi‐tensor product (BSTP) theory. Accordingly, the matrix‐based criteria for verifying these three types of opacity are given, respectively. Computational complexity analysis as well as illustrative examples are also provided for the proposed results.
Automobile insurance claim occurrence prediction model based on ensemble learning
Authors: Si Jingshuo , He Hua , Zhang Jian , Cao Xiaowen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe generalized linear model (GLM) is a widely used method in traditional automobile insurance loss prediction. Ensemble learning algorithms have recently shown promising results in the realm of automobile insurance, providing a new option for loss prediction. In the age of big data, how to predict loss in automobile insurance more accurately is an urgent problem to be solved. Stacking is a hot issue in ensemble learning that has been effectively used in many fields, but few researchers have applied it to the field of automobile insurance. In this research, Stacking was innovatively introduced into loss prediction for automobile insurance to solve this problem. Three datasets related to automobile insurance were used. Adopting the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique for class balance, a model of claim occurrence was established using four methods, namely logistic regression in GLM and bagging, boosting, stacking in ensemble learning. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values and F1‐scores achieved with the four methods were then compared to assess classification performance. Ensemble algorithms were used to rank the importance of features in the FRE dataset. Finally, we combined probability with the bonus‐malus system to formulate a fairer transfer strategy. The results showed that the proposed approach performed better than the other methods on all datasets, with significantly enhanced prediction accuracy.