bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Qualifying with Different Types of Quizzes in an Online EFL course: Influences on Perceived Learning and Academic Achievement
Authors: Çakıroğlu Ünal , Saylan Esin , Çevik İsak , Özkan Adem 
Published: September 2022

This quasi-experimental study explored how different online exam types differentiate learners’ academic achievement and perceived learning. The participants comprised 95 undergraduate students enrolled in an English course at a Turkish university in three groups, each taking a different type of quiz: with multiple-choice, open-ended, and mixed type questions. The results indicated that the academic achievement of the students in multiple-choice and open-ended groups increased and that quiz results improved the most for the multiple-choice group relative to the other groups. The study found a moderate level of significant relationship between cognitive and affective perceived learning and multiple-choice quiz scores. In addition, the study found a weak level of significant relationship between cognitive and affective perceived learning and mixed-design quiz scores, and between cognitive learning and the academic achievement scores of the mixed-design group. Semi-structured online interviews undertaken to further explain the quantitative data displayed positive influences of the different types of quizzes in terms of study behaviors and satisfaction. The findings of this study are expected to shed light for practitioners aiming to use different online assessment types.
The Influence of Social Media Marketing and E-Wom on Purchase Decisions Through Purchase Intention: Study on Ready-to-Eat Food
Authors: Alyssa Anindya Putri  , Mohamad Rizan  , Ika Febrilia  
Published: September 2022

The focus of this research is to determine the influence of social media marketing on purchase intention, the influence of e-WoM on purchase intention, the influence of purchase intention on purchase decisions, the influence of social media marketing on purchasing decisions, the influence of e-WoM on purchase decisions, and the influence of social media marketing and e-WoM on purchasing decisions through a purchase intention. A questionnaire was used as the data collection instrument in a survey approach. The research sample included 250 people who follow Lokasaji on social media, live in Jabodetabek, are 17 and above, and have purchased Lokasaji products in the last six months. SPSS and LISREL's SEM (Structural Equation Model) were used for data analysis. The results of the hypothesis test show that all hypotheses are accepted.
Seismic Inversion
Authors: Sen Mrinal K. 
Published: September 2022

Seismic inversion is now commonly used on post-stack and pre-stack seismic data for estimating rock properties used in reservoir characterization. While seismic migration is aimed at imaging the reflectors or the interfaces at their correct subsurface locations, seismic inversion attempts to estimate elastic and flow properties of the layers bounded by these interfaces. Seismic data are sensitive essentially to seismic wave velocity and density contrasts in the subsurface rocks. Because of significant overlap in elastic properties among different rock types, mapping of these elastic properties to rock types and estimating porosity are not trivial.
Thus, seismic inversion is best done by combining data of all types such as seismic, well log, petrophysics and production history. The results of seismic inversion can be best interpreted by a team of geologists, geophysicists and reservoir engineers. The goal of this book is to explain the fundamental principles of seismic exploration, seismic wave propagation, and inversion in a language that is understandable by geoscientists and engineers alike so that the team is aware of the significance and limitations of the inversion results.
Prospects and limitations of using LiMAx test in patients undergoing extended liver resections – a prospective single-centre study
Authors: Rühlmann Felix , Azizian Azadeh , Moosmann Christian , Bernhardt Markus , Keck Jan , Flebbe Hannah , Grade Marian , Al-Bourini Omar , Hosseini Ali Seif Amir , Lorf Thomas , Ghadimi Michael , Perl Thorsten , Gaedcke Jochen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Postoperative liver failure (PLF) is a serious complication of extended liver surgery. The need for clinical bedside tests to predict sufficient liver function in the remnant liver tissue after surgery and to monitor liver function and its potential for regeneration is vital to increase the safety of patients in the perioperative setting.
Methods
The liver maximum capacity (LiMAx) test was prospectively applied both preoperatively (n = 40) and postoperatively (n = 19) for 40 patients who underwent extended liver surgery (≥3 segments). LiMAx values were correlated with liver-specific blood parameters as well as with volumetric analysis regarding their potential as predictors of the clinical outcome and for monitoring the liver functional capacity.
Results
The majority of patients (n = 33; 82.5%) had high preoperative LiMAx values (> 315 µg/kg/h), while only seven patients (17.5%) had medium values (140–315 µg/kg/h), and none of the patients had low values (< 140 µg/kg/h). According to the LiMAx algorithm and preoperative volumetry, expected and measured postoperative LiMAx were compared. They differed in 7 out of 13 patients (53.8%) with a cut-off ≥10%. After surgery, patients with an uneventful recovery (n = 12) showed a typical trend in the LiMAx values, with a drop after surgery followed by an increase until 14 days after surgery. This course was reflected similarly by blood-based tests (e.g., prothrombin time). In patients with postoperative complications, a decrease in LiMAx was associated with a prolonged recovery.
Conclusions
For patients undergoing extended liver surgery within the 0.5% rule, which is the clinical gold standard, LiMAx values do not offer any additional information. Additionally, LiMAx may reflect liver recovery but it did not deliver additional information regarding postoperative liver recovery. The clinical use of LiMAx might be relevant in selected patients beyond the 0.5% rule.
Biodegradation of Monoaromatic hydrocarbons Toluene and Xylene through native bacterial strain Bacillus subtilis RD20
Authors: Doley Ruby , Barthakur Manoj 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A bacterial strain designated as RD20 isolated from oil contaminated soil and identified as Bacillus subtilis through biochemical tests and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, have the ability to degrade toluene and xylene, the mono-aromatic hydrocarbons of petroleum contaminant. FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) analysis showed characteristic peaks, that reveals that the bacterial strain was able to degrade toluene and xylene efficiently within 7 days of incubation periods. Intermediate metabolites of toluene degradation in treated culture media were detected as benzeneacetic acid, acetic acid, 2-Propanol, 1,3-benzenediol, pivalic acid, terephthalic acid, hexanoic acid, pentane, propiolic acid, cyclopentane-1,2-diol, hexanedioic acid and propionic acid through GC-MS (Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry). Whereas Xylene degradation products detected through GC-MS were 4,4-dimethyl-2-pentanol, propane, cyclopropane, hexane, acetic acid, benzyl alcohol, formic acid, propane, ethane, cyclobutane carboxylic acid, phenol, propanedioic acid, pentane, phthalic acid and succinic acid, respectively, which further confirms the biodegradation of the monoaromatic hydrocarbons. This bacteria is thus, suitable for application in bioremediation process in hydrocarbon contaminated sites.
Human biomonitoring of trace metals from different altitudinal settings of Pakistan
Authors: Eqani Syed Ali Musstjab Akber Shah , Alamdar Ambreen , Khanam Tasawar , Hayder Qurat Ul Ain , Sohail Muhammad , Katsoyiannis Ioannis A , Shen Heqing 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Human bio-monitoring (HBM) and assessing the body burden of potentially toxic trace elements is of critical importance for Public health. Thus, appropriate selection of bio-marker to consider broad spectrum of encountered environmental contaminants is of great importance. The current study aims to access the potentially toxic level in trace metals, Cadmium (Cd), Cobalt (Co), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), Nickel (Ni), Lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn) and were assessed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in nail and hair samples (N = 178, N = 180 respectively). Samples were taken from four different ecological zones of Pakistan which include frozen mountain zone (FMZ), wet mountain zone (WMZ), riverine delta zone (RDZ) and low-lying zone (LLZ). A total of 134 male and 46 females between 15–40 years of age participated. Hair analysis showed higher concentration of Zn (281.15 ppm), Co (0.136 ppm) and Mn (5.65 ppm) in FMZ, Cr (1.37 ppm), Mn (7.83 ppm) and Ni (1.22 ppm) in WMZ, Co (0.15 ppm), Mn (11.89 ppm) and Ni (0.99 ppm) in RDZ, Mn (8.99 ppm) and Ni (0.90 ppm) in LLZ. While in case of nails Mn (9.91 ppm) in FMZ, Mn (9.38 ppm) and Ni (10.69 ppm) in WMZ, Mn (24.03 ppm) and Ni (8.89 ppm) in RDZ, Mn (12.46 ppm) and Ni (12.59 ppm) in LLZ showed higher concentration. Overall most abundant toxic trace element were Mn and Ni (Mn > Ni) in both hair and nail samples exceeded the WHO prescribed tolerable guideline (Mn; 0.63–3.3, Ni; ≈6). In general, in case of hair, elevated trace metals from different districts of Pakistan were generally found higher in mountainous zones (i.e., FMZ and WMZ) whereas in nails, elevated metal levels were observed in RDZ and LLZ zones. Spatial analysis for trace elements concentrations revealed that metal levels in hair tend to increase with increasing latitudes as well as increasing longitudes except Mn. Furthermore, trace metals in nail samples tend to decrease at higher latitudes and longitudes, except Zn, which showed opposite behavior. Estimated daily intake showed that dust and food had the highest contribution to Pb and Zn in all zones. Whereas, for Mn, Co, Cr, Cu and Cd, water act as main exposure medium.
Supervision of redeployed surgical trainees during the COVID-19 pandemic: What have we learnt and how can we improve?
Authors: Wright Esther V , Haden Nicholas D , Dalrymple Kirsten 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective
When cases of patients presenting with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) overwhelmed existing services in the United Kingdom (UK), surgical trainees were redeployed to assist frontline efforts. This project characterises the effects of redeployment on the supervision of these trainees. The resulting generation of practical recommendations could be implemented for future crises.
Design
A qualitative approach was utilised, comprised of seven phenomenological interviews with surgical and intensive care consultants, as well as redeployed surgical trainees. Interview recordings were transcribed and subsequently analysed using Thematic Analysis.
Setting
The project utilised participants currently in surgical training within the London deanery across a variety of surgical specialties representing several UK National Health Service (NHS) Trusts.
Participants
Three types of participants were interviewed. Four interviews were conducted with redeployed surgical trainees, across all stages of training, in full time employment who were redeployed for two weeks or more. One interview was conducted with an educational supervisor of multiple redeployed trainees. The third group comprised two consultant intensivists who supervised redeployed trainees within their respective departments.
Results
Four themes were developed: ‘Responding to an unforeseen crisis’, ‘Maintaining surgical identity and culture; A fish out of water?’, ‘Trainee supervision and support’ and ‘Preparation and sequelae’. Participants described a sense of obligation to the pandemic effort. Many described a significant interruption to training, however communication of this to surgical supervisors was suboptimal with minimal mitigation. Supervisors on the frontline were challenged by the assessment of trainee competence and acceptance into a new community of practice. Both trainees and supervisors described the management of uncertainty, advocating for the use of reflective practice to ensure preparation for the future.
Conclusion
This project presents an insight into several potentially long-lasting effects on surgical training. The recommendations generated may be applicable to trainees returning to work from time out of training, increasing the utility of this work.
Independent qualitative evaluative study of Calmbirth® antenatal classes
Authors: Crowther Susan , Hollingshead Brooke , Couper Judith McAra , Donald Heather , Hotchin Claire 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background/problem: High childbirth intervention rates impose unnecessary risk to women and infants. It is imperative that ways to mitigate this are found. Antenatal classes show promise yet the variability in their structure, content, acceptability, and impact require further examination.
Aim: To explore the acceptability and experiences of attending Calmbirth® antenatal classes.
Methods: A qualitative evaluation was completed on data gathered from Calmbirth® participants. Eighteen individual and/or couple postnatal interviews were conducted. Template analysis was used, with a psycho-emotional conceptual framework applied to analyse interview data.
Results: The main finding of the evaluation was that the Calmbirth® courses empowered the participants, increased their health literacy, and provided them with more personal psychosocial coping strategies. Whilst some participants found the classes were not helpful for the majority their attendance proved to be a positive reframing of childbirth transforming their experience. In addition, learnt tools and strategies may have modified interventions although this remains to be proven.
Discussion: Calmbirth® is acceptable and experienced positively by most women and partners who attended courses. Although the Calmbirth® programme is a possible strategy that may modify childbirth interventions and outcomes leading to a change in birthing culture, this requires further examination to make any causative claims. Moreover, for Calmbirth® to really make a difference there needs to be re-examination of the broader socio-cultural influences in places of birth with a focus on development of culturally aligned, user friendly, accessible classes that are funded for equity.
Conclusion: Calmbirth® courses are acceptable and are a strategy that can empower and impact positively on childbirth experience.
Methylprednisolone pulses as an initial treatment in hyperinflammatory syndrome after COVID-19 in children: evaluation of laboratory data, serial echocardiography and outcome: a case series.
Authors: Sadeghi Payman , Gorji Mojtaba , assari raheleh , tahghighi fatemeh , Raeeskarami Seyed Reza , Ziaee Vahid 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background. Hyper-inflammatory syndrome in children and young adult occur 2-6 weeks after COVID-19 infection or closed contact with COVID-19 persons. In this study, the laboratory data and echocardiography and abdominal sonography assessments were evaluated by Methylprednisolone pulse as an initial treatment of hyper-inflammatory syndrome.
Method. In this retrospective study, the demographic status, clinical features, laboratory data, echocardiography, abdominal ultrasound, treatment and outcome of 31 pediatric patients under 16 years old, with inflammatory process after COVID-19 were evaluated. The clinical assessments, laboratory data, sonography and echocardiography were evaluated before and after methylprednisolone pulse. The patients were divided in two age group <and≥7 years old and the clinical manifestations were compared with each other. These patients with fever and hyper-inflammation features admitted to the referral pediatric rheumatology ward in Children Medical Center of Tehran University of medical sciences, from April 2020 to May 2021 were assessed.
Result. The mean age ± SD were (5.94 ±3) and 51.6% (16) patients were male and 48.4% (15) patients were female. The most documented of previous COVID infection were antibody positive in about 27 (87 %) patients. Moreover, 1(3.8%) was PCR positive, 2(7.7%) were positive in both PCR and serology and 3(11.5%) had closed contact with COVID-19 patients. About 9(29%) of patients were admitted in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). There were significant correlation between days of delay in starting treatment and ICU admission (P-Value= 0.02). The mortality rate was negative in patients and no re-hospitalization was documented. There were significant differences (P-Value < 0.05) between lymphocytes, platelet, Erythrocyte Sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, Aspartate transaminase, Alanine transaminase and ferritin before and after treatment. Skin rashes and cardiac involvement totally as carditis (myocarditis,vulvulitis and pericarditis) (33.3%) and coronary involvements (53.3%) were the most prominent initial presentation in patients. There were near significant correlation (P-value = 0.066) between ferritin level and carditis before treatment. Cervical lymphadenopathy was seen significantly more in ≥7 years old (P-Value = 0.01).
Conclusion: Methyl prednisolone pulse could be effective as a first step of treatment of hyper inflammatory syndrome after SARS-COV-2 infection in children.
Modelling and Forecasting of 5MW Solar Photovoltaic Plant using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: . Vignesh Gopalan , . A.K.Bakthavatsalam , . Kalaiselvan Narasimman 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This work illustrates Artificial neural network (ANN) based energy modelling and forecasting of a 5MW Solar Photo Voltaic Plant. The objective of the research work is to identify the impact of various atmospheric parameters on the Solar PV energy generation. The Simulation was performed using Neural network(nn) tool box in MATLAB simulation. The input parameters are total solar radiation, surface pressure, wind speed, Insolation Clearness Index, cloud amount, shortwave diffuse irradiance and total insolation index which were collected from National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) database. The output parameters were collected from five-year production data of 5 MW solar PV plant in Tamilnadu, India. Six different network structures namely Cascade forward backdrop, ELMAN back prop, Feed forward back prop, Feed forward Distribute Time delay, Layer current and Regression Analysis were used. Individual models have been developed using above ANN structures and results are analysed. The model validation has been performed by comparing model predictions with power output data during the testing. Single input weather parameters have been fed and tested to find the impact of individual weather parameter on the power output of the plant. Multiple input parameters are fed and tested for improving the model. Regression analysis has shown a better performance comparing with other networks. These solar forecasting techniques help to design the electrical storage management and plan maintenance activities of smart grid system.
Implications of the seismicity monitoring in the western part of Central Seismic Gap of Garhwal- Kumaun Himalaya, India
Authors: Paul Ajay , Tiwari Anil 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Garhwal-Kumaun region in the Himalaya in India lies in the Central Seismic Gap i.e. between the two great earthquakes of 1934 Bihar-Nepal and 1905 Kangra. This region is being continuously monitored through a seismic network and the geodetic data from GPS suggests a strong possibility of occurrence of Great earthquake occurring in this region. Two seismicity clusters are prominently observed and the one near Chamoli region is exhibiting rapid increase in seismicity. Magneto-telluric investigations have shown the presence of subsurface fluids beneath Chamoli region which has been validated by low frictional coefficient evaluated through stress tensor inversion. The lateral and depth wise variation in the b-value, further substantiates the possibility of the Chamoli region as the probable location for the great earthquake.
Cost effectiveness, nitrogen and phosphorus removal in field-based woodchip bioreactors treating agricultural drainage water
Authors: Plauborg Finn , Skjødt Maja Hørning , Audet Joachim , Hoffmann Carl Christian , Jacobsen Brian H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) losses to surface and coastal waters are still critically high across Europe and globally. Measures to mitigate and reduce these losses are presently implemented both at the cultivated land surface and at the edge-of-fields. Woodchip bioreactors represent a novel alternative for treating agricultural drainage water, and the present study based on two years of data from five Danish field-based bioreactors determined N removal rates varying from 1.49 to 5.37 g N m− 3 d− 1 and a mean across all bioreactors and years of 2.90 g N m− 3 d− 1. The loss of phosphorus was relatively high the first year after bioreactor establishment with rates varying from 298.4 to 890.8 mg P m− 3 d− 1, but in the second year the rates varied from 12.2 to 77.2 mg P m− 3 d− 1. The investments and the costs of the bioreactors were larger than expected based on Danish standard investments. The cost efficiency analysis found the key issues to be the need for larger investments in the bioreactor itself combined with higher advisory costs. For the four woodchip bioreactors considered in the cost efficiency analysis, the N removal cost was around DKK 350 per kg N (€ 47 per kg N), which is ca. 50% higher than the standard costs defined by the Danish authorities. Based on the estimated costs of the four bioreactor facilities included in this analysis, a bioreactor is one of the most expensive nitrogen measures compared to other mitigation tools.
Characterization of ototoxic-induced prestin burst in the blood and implications for developing prestin as an ototoxicity biomarker
Authors: Harrison Megan S , Driscoll Brittany G , Farnsworth Jason , Hinton Ashley , Peppi Marcello , McLean Will , Parham Kourosh 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

In the clinical realm, we primarily rely on audiological measures for diagnosis and surveillance of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and have limited therapeutic options. We have proposed a blood-based biomarker approach to overcome this challenge by measuring the outer hair cell’s (OHC) electromotile protein, prestin, in the blood. In a guinea pig model of cyclodextran (CDX) ototoxicity, using western blots, we show that prestin in the blood may have several different forms and specifically the ~ 134 kDa form spikes after ototoxin ablation of OHCs. This form appears to be a glycosylated dimer likely secreted by the inner ear as exosomes reflecting increased expression after ototoxin exposure. These results suggest that the ~ 134 kDa dimer may serve as a biomarker for early detection of ototoxicity in the clinical setting. However, because prestin can still be measured in the blood after total ablation of OHCs, its ability to inform on OHC health is restricted to a narrow window after ototoxin-induced injury. Monitoring prestin, when using therapeutics with ototoxic properties, could guide dosage and administration schedule to minimize damage.