bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of AC-coupled low gain avalanche diodes (AC-LGADs): a 2D TCAD simulation study
Authors: Zhang X. , Zhao M. , Zhang L. , Yang T. , Guimarães da Costa J. , Liang Z. , Shi X. , Jia X. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
AC-Coupled Low Gain Avalanche Diodes (AC-LGADs) are a new type of silicon sensors which conceived for experiments at future colliders. As an evolution of the standard Low Gain Avalanche Diodes (LGADs), AC-LGADs have similar fast timing performance. The innovation is that AC-LGADs are available to provide fine temporal and spatial resolution simultaneously, thanks to two key features: AC-coupled readout through the dielectric layer and a continuous resistive n+ implant. The Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) High-Granularity Timing Detector group is developing its first version of AC-LGAD sensors. This paper present the impact of following parameters on AC-LGAD sensor performance: n+ dose, dielectric material and thickness, pad/pitch ratio and the distance between pad and cathode. All data are obtained from 2D Technology Computer-Aided Design (TCAD) simulations. The simulations will benefit future design and optimization.
Anomalies in fluid dynamics: flows in a chiral background via variational principle
Authors: Abanov A G , Wiegmann P B 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We study flows of barotropic perfect fluid under the simultaneous action of the electromagnetic field and the axial–vector potential, the external field conjugate to the fluid helicity. We obtain the deformation of the Euler equation by the axial–vector potential and the deformations of various currents by two external fields. We show that the divergence of the vector and axial currents are controlled by the chiral anomaly known in quantum field theories with Dirac fermions. We obtain these results by extending the variational principle for barotropic flows of a perfect fluid by coupling with the external axial–vector potential.
Preface: The 4th International Conference on Environmental Resources Management (ICERM) 2021
Authors: Haryono Eko , Keller Lars , Stötter Johann , Takahashi Makoto , Gomez Christopher , Lassa Jonatan 
Published: September 2022

Landscape is very dynamic [1,2,3]. In line with the development of an increasingly climate change [4] and high population, the dynamics of the landscape have also changed due to an increase in the intensity of the population in utilizing land. The condition of the corona virus pandemic since the beginning of 2020 has resulted in two impacts to the environment. On the one hand it has provided a positive impact in the form of improving environmental conditions due to reduction on population mobility and natural resources exploitation, but on the other hand it has also increased the number of dangerous waste, e.g. increasing mask waste accumulation.
The Faculty of Geography Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta-Indonesia, notably the Department of Environmental Geography has been working for a long time on environmental issues. In order to highlight the topic of environmental resource management in the global region and to broaden perspectives on this subject, the Faculty will organize the 4th International Conference on Environmental Resources Management in Global Region (ICERM).
List of ICERM 2021 Committee are available in this pdf.
The Origin of Groundwater on The East Slope of Sumbing Vulcano Using Isotopic Methode
Authors: Erlinawati Dina , Putra Doni Prakasa Eka , Titisari Anastasia Dewi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The eastern slope of Sumbing Vulcano, Central Java, Indonesia has many springs that causes most people use springs as a source of raw water. This area is part of the Magelang Temanggung Groundwater Basin which abundant groundwater potential. However water demand will continue to increase along with population growth. Therefore, conservative efforts to protect the recharge area are important. This study aims to determine the characteristics of groundwater recharge area on the eastern slope of Sumbing Vulcano using the isotope method. The research method was carried out by taking rainfall samples at 6 different elevations to obtain the meteoric water line (MWL) and the groundwater samples were taken from 11 stations consist of 10 springs and one deep well. The result shown that the recharge area was coming from local recharge with elevation around 273 masl to 1.208 masl.
Coastal hazards mapping using high-resolution UAV image and DEM. A Case study in Siung Beach, Gunungkidul, Indonesia
Authors: Fatchurohman H , Handayani W 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The southern coast of Gunungkidul, which is adjacent to the subduction zone, is prone to various coastal hazards. The increasing number of visitors to the beach leads to more exposure and increases the risks. This study aims to determine the coastal hazards in Siung Beach, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. A high-resolution aerial image and DEM were acquired using a low-cost Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. The acquired images were processed using Structure from Motion (SfM) photogrammetry to generate an orthomosaic image with 5cm spatial resolution. A worst-case tsunami hazard scenario (12 m) was executed using raster filtering on the generated UAV-DEM. Based on the tsunami inundation model, most of the buildings are affected by the worst-case tsunami scenario. According to orthomosaic interpretation, rip current hazard is also spotted on the eastern part of the beach. The rip current is considered a channel rip, a stationary rip current affected by the bathymetric condition. Potential rockfall due to slope instability might be occurred on the southern part of the beach, as a former enormous mass movement can be delineated from the orthomosaic image. Siung Beach is formed by the combination of volcanic origin and karst process, resulting in undulating topography. Due to various coastal hazards in Siung beach, disaster management planning should be established to reduce the risks.
System Dynamics Modeling for Demographic Bonus Projection In Indonesia
Authors: Ulhaq M D , Wahid A 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Statistics Indonesia has released the result of the 2020 census. The outcome of the 2020 census is principal as it becomes the basic data for the latest projection of Indonesia’s population. This research about the population projection using system dynamic is conducted to know the population proportion and demographic bonus. The researchers use system dynamics modeling to project Indonesia’s demographic bonus. This modeling is conducted by projecting Indonesia’s population based on three age groups: young (0-14 years old), adult (15-39 years old), middle-aged (40-64 years old), and old (65+ years old). The projection using system dynamics modeling shows that in 2025, we have a better result than the previous year. In 2025, it is predicted that the working-age population has the highest percentage, which is 69.38%, and the dependency ratio will be at its lowest percentage, which is 44.13%. Therefore, the peak of demographic bonus is projected to happen in 2025.
Pandemic COVID-19: An Analysis of Impact on Demographic Bonus Through Population Characteristics Based on 2016-2020 Data (Case Study in Sleman Regency, DIY)
Authors: Haq A A , Awalia N N , Wijaya R A , Nugroho S F 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Demographic bonus is a condition when productive force is more than non-productive force. The COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia has affected many areas, including Sleman Regency, DIY. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of COVID-19 on demographic bonus and the steps to maximize the demographic bonus to improve the development of Sleman Regency. The method used is population data collection for 2016-2020 from Badan Pusat Statistik of Sleman Regency and quantitative descriptive analysis based on trends in population statistics. This study found that the dependency ratio increased in 2019, followed by a significant decline in 2020. It was because the number of the productive population declined drastically in 2019 (114,276 people) and increased again in 2020 (85,854 people). The number of heads of poor families and the poor increased during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019-2020 because many formal-informal sectors weren’t running due to government policies. It can be concluded that the demographic bonus of Sleman Regency isn’t affected by COVID-19 from the population structure point of view. Utilization of the demographic bonus can be done by increasing soft skills and hard skills to compete competitively and increasing the number of jobs.
Population Pressure on Agricultural Land due to Land Conversion in the Suburbs of Yogyakarta
Authors: Ariani R D , Susilo B 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The agricultural sector is one of the sectors that has a multiplier effect on others in which ultimelty affects the regional economy. The uncontrolled development of urban areas will threaten the existence of the agricultural sector due to the conversion of agricultural land into built-up areas and trigger an acceleration of migration which results in high population growth rates. The increasing rate of population growth will also increase the need for land for settlements, industry or services which leads to population pressure on agricultural land so that it affects the carrying capacity of the land. This study aimed to determine the level of population pressure on agricultural land and the level of carrying capacity of agricultural land on the suburbs of Yogyakarta City. The method used in this research was descriptive quantitative with the research location was on the suburbs of Yogyakarta and the main data source was secondary data. Population pressure on agricultural land was analyzed using the Otto Soemarwoto Model I formula which is presented in the form of tables and maps. The results of the analysis showed that population pressure on agricultural land on the suburbs of Yogyakarta exceeded the threshold (TP>1). Meanwhile, the carrying capacity of the land was very low in which the area was no longer able to carry out food self-sufficiency to meet the food needs of the population (α<1). Efforts that can be done to increase the carrying capacity of agricultural land are conservation, prevention and rehabilitation of agricultural resources.
The Impact of Southern Cross Road (JJLS) Development on the Contribution of Regional Original Income (PAD) from the South Coast Tourism Sector in Bantul Regency 2014-2019
Authors: Widiana A , Prakoso B S E 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The economic disparity between the North and South Coast of Java is due to uneven infrastructure development. The impact of Southern Cross Road (JJLS) on the development of South Coast tourism (Pansela) Bantul Regency is expected to be able to increase Regional Original Income (PAD). The purpose of this study is 1)Comparing tourist visits number, tourism service entrepreneurs number, and PAD before and after JJLS, 2)Analyzing the effect of tourist visits and tourism service entrepreneurs on PAD, and 3)Calculating the contribution of Pansela’s PAD to Bantul Tourism’s PAD and Bantul’s PAD. This study uses quantitative methods and secondary data from related agencies. The analytical technique uses comparison two correlated samples test (Paired Sample T-Test and Wilcoxon Match Pairs Test), panel data regression Random Effect Model, and quantitative descriptive. The results showed that PAD experienced a significant difference but not in tourist visits number and tourism service entrepreneurs number before and after JJLS. Furthermore, Pansela’s PAD is significantly affected by tourist visits number but not by tourism service entrepreneurs number. Pansela’s PAD is able to make a dominant contribution to Bantul Tourism’s PAD, which is 3-7% of its total contribution to Bantul’s PAD 4-12%.
Governing Landscape in Way Khilau Micro-Catchment, Lampung Province
Authors: Widyaningsih Y , Setiawan M A , Samodra G 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Indonesia has strived to combat land degradation towards viable watershed management. Watershed management at a regional scale confronts many challenges as well as socio-ecological conditions. Landscape is defined as physical boundary, a system and a holon. Landscape approach has been recognized as a multiscale mapping unit that reflects the socio-ecological dynamics within the system. Landscape services assessment offers a broader understanding of socio-ecological dynamics for local stakeholders. This study aims to provide a better understanding of building spatial decision-making through the landscape approach at Way Khilau micro-catchment scale. The study area is about 1.162 Ha and is located in the upper basin of Way Bulog, Lampung Province, Indonesia. Driver-Pressure-Impact-Response (DPSIR) framework was used to map the landscape services within the watershed qualitatively. The result showed major physical drivers such as relief configuration took control on the hydrological services. Way Khilau micro-catchment arranged by parallel-narrow ridge, undulating to very steep slope, and valley. Both ridge and slope played a role for the hydrological regulation services and the lowest part provided water resources for the socio-economic activity. Further research of environmental changes needs to be assessed quantitatively to determine the impact of stakeholder’s responses on socio-ecological issues.
Estimation of Slip Rate and the Opak Fault Geometry Based on GNSS Measurement
Authors: Nurmufti Adam Jiyon Ataa , Widjajanti Nurrohmat , Pratama Cecep 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
GNSS observations are usually used in periodic deformation monitoring. The Opak fault, which was in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, became a concern after the 2006 earthquake. The horizontal velocity values of each observation station are needed to estimate the slip rate and locking depth values of the Opak fault. The magnitude of the velocity vector is computed by the linear least square method, then translated into the Sunda Block reference frame. The creep of fault assumption is used in analyzing the potential for the earthquake in the Opak fault region. The velocity is done by reducing the Sunda Block using the Euler pole method, and it produces a velocity vector value on the east component is -6.08 to 5.25 mm/year while the north component is -3.38 to 5.74 mm/year. Meanwhile, in the northern segment of the Opak fault, the estimated slip rate is around 3.5 to 10.5 mm/year, with the locking depth obtained of 1.1 to 8 km, while in the southern segment of the Opak fault, the estimated slip rate is 4 to 5.5 mm/year, with a locking depth obtained of 0.6 to 1.2 km. The creep of the fault effect is predominantly in the southern segment of the Opak fault. This case indicates that the potential for earthquake hazards is smaller in the south segment than in the north segment.
Quality of urban settlements around the University of Jenderal Soedirman (unsoed) Purwokerto
Authors: Puspaningrani F C , Giyarsih S R 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study aims to determine the quality conditions of settlements in Karangwangkal Village. The study conducted using a quota sampling technique with a total sample of 210 household heads. Quality of settlement data obtained from observations and interviews with respondents were processed using a scoring method and classified using Sturges rule into classes of settlement quality, namely low, medium, and high. The analysis used is quantitative descriptive and presented in the form of a single frequency table and pie diagrams to determine the quality conditions of settlements in Karangwangkal. The results showed that the research area was medium-quality settlements dominated (47%). This study also found that the smaller distance between settlements and campus, the higher the quality of settlements.
Circular Material Systems: anticipating whole-system design in architecture and construction
Authors: Hubmann G , van Maaren V 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The construction sector is one of the most resource intense and environmentally damaging industries in the world. A promising approach to counteract this is to use principles of the Circular Economy (input reduction, reuse, and recycling) to ensure the continuity of value of a building’s materials. Thus, we translated the learnings of an in-depth case study analysis including four buildings and their construction processes into a definition and framework for circular construction. We conceptualise buildings as circular systems that produce reusable components or biodegradable materials by practices operating across a building’s lifecycle. These practices do not only include material and design aspects to close biological and technological loops, but also immaterial practices such as knowledge and expertise, locality, management and skills, and information. We argue that these organisational aspects that go beyond the current state of the art are critical enablers for circularity in construction. This perspective is relevant for practitioners in the field and allows for a new and holistic look at buildings as ‘waste generators’ or, in a positive scenario, as ‘material depots’. Designing for recycling and reuse will require architects to build collaborations and knowledge across and beyond material value chains.
An urban hospital base79,2d on the principles of circular economy: the case of Joseph Bracops hospital
Authors: Scialpi G , Declercq J , Grisay L , Perrotti D 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The building industry has mainly focused on improving operational energy consumption to minimise the environmental impacts of buildings which are major sources of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). However, considering the full life cycle of buildings, energy use and GHG emissions occur for reasons that extend beyond the operational phase and involve the embodied impacts of construction and disassembly. Circular building design can provide a holistic approach where the building’s whole life cycle is considered in a manner consistent with circular economy principles, minimizing global material consumption, reducing waste and insuring a more circular building material stock. To date, research on the wide-scale adoption of circular design and construction strategies in public projects is still lacking. On this basis, the case study of the new Joseph Bracops hospital in Brussels shows that circular building design principles can be applied in the healthcare sector within the framework of a public tender. The project integrates circular economy principles at different scales (city, site, building, element), optimises different material and energy flows and takes into account different timespans (short and long term). The study also offers insight and guidance for future research into how the urban hospital of tomorrow will be a resilient public venue. Such a venue can enable a more comprehensive approach of health promotion, reflected by the qualitative integration of circular economy principles both with a social and technical focus, connected to the community and capable to mutate over time.
GMIT and the systematic environmental assessment of secondary materials
Authors: Ordóñez I , Rotter S , Scholz J 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article reviews the development of a digital inventory tool developed specifically for secondary material markets. Unlike other available inventory tools, this tool aimed at including environmental assessment features, that would allow warehouse managers to have an estimation of their environmental contribution associated to their sales performance without having to engage environmental experts regularly. The resulting open source software allows to keep an inventory of items available at the warehouse, export to an online shop and generate reports of the sales and environmental benefits of reusing some of the secondary materials sold. This article explains how the tool was developed, how the simplified LCA calculations were done and integrated to the tool, the difficulties encountered when compromising ease of use with the need for reliable data to do the environmental calculations, and reflects on the reliability and scalability of the developed tool.
Life cycle GHG emissions of the Austrian building stock: A combined bottom-up and top-down approach
Authors: Truger B , Nabernegg S , Lackner T , Röck M , Alaux N , Hoxha E , Ruschi Mendes Saade M , Passer A 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Construction and operation of buildings are responsible for 37% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In contrast, the Austria’s National Inventory Report attributes a mere 10% of national emissions to buildings – including only direct operational emissions of residential and service sector buildings. This narrow definition of the buildings sector neglects important environmental hotspots attributable to building-related life cycle emissions and calls for a comprehensive analysis of GHG emissions of Austrian buildings. In this study, we assess annual building related GHG emissions for the Austrian building stock from a full life cycle perspective (i.e. including operational and embodied emissions). For embodied emissions, we model emissions using both a process-based and an input-output based life cycle assessment (LCA) approach. Building LCA case studies and statistical building stock data are used to estimate embodied emissions from a bottom-up perspective, which are complemented by estimated emissions from the input-output based LCA approach. Our work illustrates the importance of adopting a life-cycle perspective on building-related emissions to inform the different stakeholders and advance climate action in the built environment. While both the chosen system boundaries and methods significantly determine the results, we argue that emission reduction measures should be based on a comprehensive system boundary of building-related emissions to contribute towards the achievement of a climate-neutral built environment and the stringent climate targets. By adding indirect emissions and non-residential buildings to the officially reported building emissions, the operational emissions alone increase by a factor of 2.4. As expected, the process-based LCA yields lower embodied emissions than the input-output based approach. Depending on the method, they can be responsible for up to 40% of total buildings related emissions. Summing up, total buildings related emissions rise by a factor of 3 to 4 when extending the system boundaries to comprise the whole area of action buildings, and go from 7 Mt CO2-eq/a (direct operational emissions, 10% of national emissions), to 22-31 Mt CO2-eq/a for the case of Austria.
Comparison of building thermography approaches using terrestrial and aerial thermographic images
Authors: Mayer Z , Epperlein A , Volk R , Vollmer E , Schultmann F 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Thermography is commonly used for auditing buildings. Classical manual terrestrial thermography records images of individual buildings at a short distance. When auditing a large number of buildings (e.g. whole city districts) this approach reaches its limits. Using drones with thermographic cameras allows images to be recorded automatically from different angles, with faster speed and without violating property rights. However, an airborne camera has a significantly greater distance and more varied angles to a building compared to terrestrial thermography. To investigate the influence of these factors for building auditing, we perform a study evaluating seven different drone settings of varying flight speed, angle, and altitude. A comparison is drawn to manually recorded terrestrial thermographic images. While we find that a flight speed between 1m/s and 3m/s does not influence the thermographic quality, high flight altitudes and steep viewing angles lead to a significant reduction of visible details, contrast, and to falsified temperatures. A flight altitude of 12m over buildings is found to be the most suitable for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of rooftops and a qualitative analysis of façades. A flight altitude of 42m over buildings can only be used for qualitative audits with little detail.