bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Network Effects of Brain Lesions Causing Central Poststroke Pain
Authors: Kim Na Young , Taylor Joseph J. , Kim Yong Wook , Borsook David , Joutsa Juho , Li Jing , Quesada Charles , Peyron Roland , Fox Michael D. 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThis study was undertaken to test whether lesions causing central poststroke pain (CPSP) are associated with a specific connectivity profile, whether these connections are associated with metabolic changes, and whether this network aligns with neuromodulation targets for pain.MethodsTwo independent lesion datasets were utilized: (1) subcortical lesions from published case reports and (2) thalamic lesions with metabolic imaging using 18F‐ fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography–computed tomography. Functional connectivity between each lesion location and the rest of the brain was assessed using a normative connectome (n = 1,000), and connections specific to CPSP were identified. Metabolic changes specific to CPSP were also identified and related to differences in lesion connectivity. Therapeutic relevance of the network was explored by testing for alignment with existing brain stimulation data and by prospectively targeting the network with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in 7 patients with CPSP.ResultsLesion locations causing CPSP showed a specific pattern of brain connectivity that was consistent across two independent lesion datasets (spatial r = 0.82, p < 0.0001). Connectivity differences were correlated with postlesion metabolism (r = −0.48, p < 0.001). The topography of this lesion‐based pain network aligned with variability in pain improvement across 12 prior neuromodulation targets and across 32 patients who received rTMS to primary motor cortex (p < 0.05). Prospectively targeting this network with rTMS improved CPSP in 6 of 7 patients.InterpretationLesions causing pain are connected to a specific brain network that shows metabolic abnormalities and promise as a neuromodulation target. ANN NEUROL 2022;92:834–845
Homogeneous Hydrogenation of CO2 and CO to Methanol: The Renaissance of Low‐Temperature Catalysis in the Context of the Methanol Economy
Authors: Sen Raktim , Goeppert Alain , Surya Prakash G. K. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe traditional economy based on carbon‐intensive fuels and materials has led to an exponential rise in anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Outpacing the natural carbon cycle, atmospheric CO2 levels increased by 50 % since the pre‐industrial age and can be directly linked to global warming. Being at the core of the proposed methanol economy pioneered by the late George A. Olah, the chemical recycling of CO2 to produce methanol, a green fuel and feedstock, is a prime channel to achieve carbon neutrality. In this direction, homogeneous catalytic systems have lately been a major focus for methanol synthesis from CO2, CO and their derivatives as potential low‐temperature alternatives to the commercial processes. This Review provides an account of this rapidly growing field over the past decade, since its resurgence in 2011. Based on the critical assessment of the progress thus far, the present key challenges in this field have been highlighted and potential directions have been suggested for practically viable applications.
Enhanced Aromaticity and Open‐Shell Diradical Character in the Dianions of 9‐Fluorenylidene‐Substituted Expanded Radialenes
Authors: Xin Shan , Han Yi , Fan Wei , Wang Xuhui , Ni Yong , Wu Jishan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRadialenes and expanded radialenes are cross‐conjugated macrocycles displaying poor aromatic character. In this work, three 9‐fluorenylidene substituted expanded [n]radialenes (ER‐n,n=3–5) with a diacetylene spacer were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by X‐ray crystallographic analysis and NMR spectroscopy. They all can be easily reduced into relatively stable dianions. Detailed experimental measurements and theoretical calculations suggest that their dianions (ER‐n2−,n=3–5) are stabilized by both the aromatic fluorenyl anion substituents and the central aromatic rings with formally [4n+2] delocalized π electrons. In addition, the dianions of the extended radialenes (ER‐42−andER‐52−) show unique open‐shell diradical character with a small singlet‐triplet energy gap. For comparison, their linear counterparts (L‐3andL‐4) were also synthesized; their dianions exhibit very different redox and optical properties from their respective macrocycles.
Polydimethylsiloxane/carboxylated hydroxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/polyimide composite membrane wearable flexible piezoresistive tactile sensor device with microsphere array
Authors: Sun Ruqian , Xie Jiaqing , Meng Xiaoyu , Pang Haoran , Gong Chuchu , Zhou Fuyang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis research proposed a flexible piezoresistive tactile sensor (FPTS) device with imprinted microsphere array to realize the accurate and stable acquisition of human motion data. The thickness of conductive membrane on the sensitivity of the sensor were investigated by FEM simulation, the copper microsphere array mold was prepared by multipoint imprinting process and the electromechanical response curves of piezoresistive tactile sensor consisting of Hydroxylated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes/Polyimide (carboxylated MWCNT/PI) composite membrane and Polydimethylsiloxane/Hydroxylated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes/Polyimide (PDMS/carboxylated MWCNT/PI) composite membrane with double‐sided microsphere were tested. The result shows that reduce the chord height can improve the sensitivity of the sensor. The composite structure with PDMS/carboxylated MWCNT/PI composite membrane reduces the overall stiffness of the microsphere structure, which is conducive to improve the sensitivity and minimum the detection limit of the FPTS. Multipoint imprinting technology is an efficient processing method to obtain high consistency microsphere array. The electromechanical response curves of piezoresistive tactile sensor consisting of PDMS/carboxylated MWCNT/PI composite membrane with double‐sided microsphere shows that the detection limits can reach 0.0289 kPa, and the sensitivity is 1.139 kPa−1. The sensor has high stability, especially when the wearing radius of curvature is more than 30 mm.
Metamaterial approach to mitigate ground‐borne vibrations induced by moving trains
Authors: Liu Wenlong , Yan Sen , Wu Lingling , Zhou Ji 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe ground‐borne vibration generated by moving trains has become an important environmental problem. Research on mitigation measures has been uninterrupted for decades and has continued to grow rapidly in recent years with the emergence of metamaterial approaches. In this paper, to make relevant newcomers and researchers better understand the development status of mitigation measures in reducing train‐induced ground‐borne vibrations, a brief review is given of the background of train‐induced ground vibration problems, and the design mechanisms of train‐induced ground vibration mitigation measures based on metamaterials. Meanwhile, the results from state‐of‐the‐art research and practice are presented and discussed for each metamaterial mitigation measure for train‐induced ground vibration mitigation. Finally, the existing problems in previous research and future research prospects are summarized.
Bifurcation and control of disease spreading networks model with two delays
Authors: Cheng Zunshui , Song Qianqian , Xiao Min 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the dynamical behaviors are investigated for a complex network with two independent delays. Instead of taking time delays as bifurcation parameters, we choose probability
and parameter
as the control parameters to study their effects on local stability and Hopf bifurcation, respectively. Moreover, the conditions for generating Hopf bifurcation are given. Furthermore, we further discuss the effects of two time delays on the critical values of parameters
and
. Finally, numerical simulations are used to illustrate the validity of the obtained results.
Effects of physical and mental health factors and family function on the self‐perception of aging in the elderly of Chinese community
Authors: Gao Fengying , Zhou Lijuan , Gao Ya , Zhang Yinglong , Zuo Aifang , Zhang Xinkun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo examine the effects of physical and mental health factors and family functioning on the self‐perception of ageing in elderly people.MethodsA random cluster sampling method was used to select elderly people aged over 60 from three communities in Handan City. Subjects were evaluated via face‐to‐face interviews using the Chinese version of the Ageing Perception Questionnaire, the Family Function Scale, the SF‐36 Short‐Form Health Survey, and a self‐compiled general questionnaire. A single factor and stepwise multiple regression analysis were evaluated using SPSS 17.0 software.ResultsAmong the 1815 elderly people surveyed, the total negative dimension score was 91.67 ± 16.58 with an index of 73.34%, which is higher than the positive dimension score (6.01 ± 0.52, 60.10%). Elderly people with varying degrees of family dysfunction accounted for 11.63%, and the score for self‐perceived ageing in elderly participants with good family function was 95.74 ± 12.63. The proportions with poor physical and mental health factors were 45.40% and 28.10%, respectively, and the scores for ageing self‐perception in elderly participants with good or moderate mental health were 89.11 ± 12.65 and 86.22 ± 12.58, respectively. A stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that age, presence of a spouse, and family function were positive protective factors for ageing self‐perception, while physical health factors were risk factors for the positive dimension of self‐perceived ageing. Age and family function were risk factors for the negative dimension of ageing self‐perception, while physical and mental health factors were protective factors for the negative dimension of self‐perceived ageing.ConclusionsYounger elderly and elderly people with good family function have positive self‐perceptions of ageing, while elderly participants with poor physical and mental health have a negative perception of ageing.
Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease therapies in the clinic
Authors: Chopade Puja , Chopade Neha , Zhao Zongmin , Mitragotri Samir , Liao Rick , Chandran Suja Vineeth 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases, affecting millions and costing billions each year in the United States alone. Despite tremendous progress in developing therapeutics that manage the symptoms of these two diseases, the scientific community has yet to develop a treatment that effectively slows down, inhibits, or cures neurodegeneration. To gain a better understanding of the current therapeutic frontier for the treatment of AD and PD, we provide a review on past and present therapeutic strategies for these two major neurodegenerative disorders in the clinical trial process. We briefly recap currently US Food and Drug Administration‐approved therapies, and then explore trends in clinical trials across the variables of therapy mechanism of disease intervention, administration route, use of delivery vehicle, and outcome measures, across the clinical phases over time for “Drug” and “Biologic” therapeutics. We then present the success rate of past clinical trials and analyze the intersections in therapeutic approaches for AD and PD, revealing the shift in clinical trials away from therapies targeting neurotransmitter systems that provide symptomatic relief, and towards anti‐aggregation, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐oxidant, and regeneration strategies that aim to inhibit the root causes of disease progression. We also highlight the evolving distribution of the types of “Biologic” therapies investigated, and the slowly increasing yet still severe under‐utilization of delivery vehicles for AD and PD therapeutics. We then briefly discuss novel preclinical strategies for treating AD and PD. Overall, this review aims to provide a succinct overview of the clinical landscape of AD and PD therapies to better understand the field's therapeutic strategy in the past and the field's evolution in approach to the present, to better inform how to effectively treat AD and PD in the future.
Phage engineering and phage‐assisted CRISPR‐Cas delivery to combat multidrug‐resistant pathogens
Authors: Khambhati Khushal , Bhattacharjee Gargi , Gohil Nisarg , Dhanoa Gurneet K. , Sagona Antonia P. , Mani Indra , Bui Nhat Le , Chu Dinh‐Toi , Karapurkar Janardhan Keshav , Jang Su Hwa , Chung Hee Yong , Maurya Rupesh , Alzahrani Khalid J. , Ramakrishna Suresh , Singh Vijai 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAntibiotic resistance ranks among the top threats to humanity. Due to the frequent use of antibiotics, society is facing a high prevalence of multidrug resistant pathogens, which have managed to evolve mechanisms that help them evade the last line of therapeutics. An alternative to antibiotics could involve the use of bacteriophages (phages), which are the natural predators of bacterial cells. In earlier times, phages were implemented as therapeutic agents for a century but were mainly replaced with antibiotics, and considering the menace of antimicrobial resistance, it might again become of interest due to the increasing threat of antibiotic resistance among pathogens. The current understanding of phage biology and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) assisted phage genome engineering techniques have facilitated to generate phage variants with unique therapeutic values. In this review, we briefly explain strategies to engineer bacteriophages. Next, we highlight the literature supporting CRISPR‐Cas9‐assisted phage engineering for effective and more specific targeting of bacterial pathogens. Lastly, we discuss techniques that either help to increase the fitness, specificity, or lytic ability of bacteriophages to control an infection.
Eleven‐Residue Peptaibols Isolated from Trichoderma longibrachiatum Rifai DMG‐3‐1‐1and Their Structure‐Activity Relationship
Authors: Zhang Shu‐Hua , Zhao Xue , Xu Rui , Yang Yu , Tang Jing , Yue Xian‐Lin , Wang Yu‐Ting , Tan Hong‐Yu , Zhang Guo‐Gang , Li Chang‐Wei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTotal 23 eleven‐residue peptaibols, including five reported ones (1–5) in our previous work, were isolated from the fungus Trichoderma longibrachiatum Rifai DMG‐3‐1‐1, which was obtained from the mushroom Clitocybe nebularis (Batsch) P. Kumm. The structures of the 13 new peptaibols (6–10 and 12–19) were determined by their NMR and MALDI‐MS/MS data, their absolute structures were further determined by Marfey's analyses and their ECD data. Careful comparison of the structures of 1–23 showed that only seven residues varied including the 2nd (Gln2/Asn2), 3rd (Ile3/Val3), 4th (Ile4/Val4), 6th (Pro6/Hyp6), 8th (Leu8/Val8), 10th (Pro10/Hyp10) and 11th (Leuol11/Ileol11/Valol11) residues. Comparison of the IC50s against the three tested cell lines of 1–23 indicated that 2nd, 3rd and 4th amino acid residues affected their cytotoxicities powerfully. Compounds 2, 5, 9, 11, 21 and 22 showed moderate antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus MRSA T144, which also showed stronger cytotoxicities against BV2 and MCF‐7 cells.
Robotic coronary angiography: Advantages of stepping back
Authors: Vetrovec George W. 
Published: August 2022

Keypoints

In a limited trial, robotic coronary angiography has been shown to be feasible, safe, and effective.
In addition to reducing operator occupational injury, robotic coronary angiography can potentially improve patient access to invasive coronary procedures in rural/remote geographic regions.
Further investigation in larger, more anatomically diverse populations is required to document effectiveness.
Impact of IFN‐β1a in treatment of a COVID‐19 patient with beta thalassemia and diabetes mellitus: A case report
Authors: Gholinataj Jelodar Mohsen , Mirzaei Samaneh , Dehghan Chenari Hanieh 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPatients with chronic diseases are severely affected by acute coronavirus syndrome. In this regard, patients with beta thalassemia intermedia and diabetes mellitus (DM) are also at high risk for coronavirus‐induced respiratory failure. The present study aimed to report a case with COVID‐19 with a history of chronic diseases, beta thalassemia intermedia, and DM. A 25‐year‐old man visited with complaints of severe shortness of breath, fever, cough without sputum, and tachypnea and admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. The patient had a history of DM, beta thalassemia intermedia, and pervious history of the splenectomy. In peripheral complete blood count (CBC diff), the number of white blood cell count was 41,100 of which 38.6% were lymphocytes. We measured the normal platelet count, hemoglobin level (9.4), and red blood cell count (3.56). ESR was 97, CRP = pos+++ and PCR was positive. The high‐resolution lung CT indicated ground glass opacities in peripheral areas. The patient underwent 13 days of oxygen therapy with reservoir bag‐mask, non‐invasive ventilation, nasal oxygen, and pharmacological treatment with IFN‐β1a and meropenem, and finally discharged with an improvement of the clinical condition. Timely initiation of treatment is very important and significant for patients with beta thalassemia intermedia with COVID‐19, especially despite the underlying disease of DM. According to the present report, the use of IFN‐β1a was effective as a treatment option for COVID‐19.
Herpes simplex virus infection: Management of primary oral lesions in children
Authors: Khalifa Chaima , Slim Afef , Maroua Garma , Sioud Sameh , Hentati Hajer , Selmi Jamil 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPrimary herpetic gingivostomatitis (PHGS) represents the most observed clinical feature of primary herpes infection with the simplex virus (HSV). It is often caused by HSV‐1 and affects children most of the time. Unlike, the majority of primary HSV infections that is asymptomatic. It may be preceded by some prodromal symptoms like fever, anorexia, irritability, malaise, and headache. After the resolution of the primary infection, the virus remains latent in a nervous ganglion. The aim of the present paper was to report a case of severe PHGS with herpetic whitlow in a 10‐year‐old child.
Prenatal diagnosis and management of a giant intrahepatic arteriovenous malformation—Sonographic findings, clinical implications, and treatment
Authors: Walter Adeline , Calite Elina , Müller Andreas , Kalff Jörg C. , Meyer Carsten , Geipel Annegret , Gembruch Ulrich , Schreiner Christine 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPrenatal detection of complex giant hepatic arteriovenous malformation requires an examination of the affected fetal hemodynamic situation with emphasis on the affected arterial supply pattern. Early pediatric surgeon presentation is needed, as timely surgical intervention appears to be essential.
Allergic contact dermatitis to isothiazolinones in a rubber factory: A case report
Authors: Hrairi Anouare , Kotti Nada , Baklouti Massara , Bahloul Emna , Sellami Imen , Dhouib Feriel , Hammami Kaouthar Jmal , Masmoudi Mohamed Larbi , Turki Hamida , Hajjaji Mounira 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIsothiazolinones, used as preservative, are known to be skin sensitizers. Although cosmetics represent their main source, occupational exposure may be a significant origin of eczema. While allergic eczema related to these derivates have been reported in a number of professional sectors, their presence in the same workplace was not common.
Role of Graphene Oxide Aerogel Support on the CuZnO Catalytic Activity: Enhancing Methanol Selectivity in the Hydrogenation Reaction of CO2
Authors: Kubovics Márta , Trigo Albert , Sánchez Antoni , Marbán Gregorio , Borrás Alejandro , Moral‐Vico Javier , López‐Periago Ana M. , Domingo Concepción 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA novel CuZnO multicomponent catalyst, involving reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a support, was synthesized to be applied in the catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol. The CuZnO@rGO composite was prepared as a 3D aerogel by a two‐step process involving supercritical CO2 for macrostructuration and H2 treatment for reduction. Electron microscopy was applied to visualize the meso/macroporous morphology formed by the supercritical drying. The elemental mapping depicted a homogenous distribution of CuZnO nanoparticles deposited on the rGO flakes. It was demonstrated that methanol production increases for the CuZnO@rGO composite in comparison to unsupported similar CuZnO nanoparticles. This behavior was ascribed to a different interaction established between the Cu0 and ZnO nanoparticles used as synthetized or deposited on rGO. It is shown that the highly reduced rGO component stimulates H2O desorption produced during the hydrogenation reaction, thus it serves as a support hindering the sintering of Cu0 nanoparticles. The formation of a diluted surface alloy of Zn into Cu0 was determined for the unsupported CuZnO NPs, while for the CuZnO@rGO aerogel composite, the absence of any additional phase, e. g., a surface alloy or reduced ZnO, was confirmed. The composite aerogels show excellent MeOH selectivity at high temperature (up to 260 °C) and low pressure (10 bar).
Changes in cardiac structure and function from 3 to 12 months after hospitalization for COVID‐19
Authors: Øvrebotten Tarjei , Myhre Peder L. , Grimsmo Jostein , Mecinaj Albulena , Trebinjac Divna , Nossen Magnus B. , Andrup Simon , Josefsen Tony , Einvik Gunnar , Stavem Knut , Omland Torbjørn , Ingul Charlotte B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundCardiac function may be impaired during and early after hospitalization for COVID‐19, but little is known about the progression of cardiac dysfunction and the association with postacute COVID syndrome (PACS).MethodsIn a multicenter prospective cohort study, patients who had been hospitalized with COVID‐19 were enrolled and comprehensive echocardiography was performed 3 and 12 months after discharge. Twenty‐four‐hour electrocardiogram (ECG) was performed at 3 and 12 months in patients with arrhythmias at 3 months.ResultsIn total, 182 participants attended the 3 and 12 months visits (age 58 ± 14 years, 59% male, body mass index 28.2 ± 4.2 kg/m2). Of these, 35 (20%) had severe COVID‐19 (treatment in the intensive care unit) and 74 (52%) had self‐reported dyspnea at 3 months. From 3 to 12 months there were no significant overall changes in any measures of left or right ventricle (LV; RV) structure and function (p > .05 for all), including RV strain (from 26.2 ± 3.9% to 26.5 ± 3.1%, p = .29) and LV global longitudinal strain (from 19.2 ± 2.3% to 19.3 ± 2.3%, p = .64). Changes in echocardiographic parameters from 3 to 12 months did not differ by COVID‐19 severity or by the presence of persistent dyspnea (p > .05 for all). Among patients with arrhythmia at 3 months, there was no significant change in arrhythmia burden to 12 months.ConclusionFollowing COVID‐19, cardiac structure and function remained unchanged from 3 to 12 months after the index hospitalization, irrespective of COVID‐19 severity and presence of persistent dyspnea. These results suggest that progression of cardiac dysfunction after COVID‐19 is rare and unlikely to play an important role in PACS.