bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiomics analysis based on lumbar spine CT to detect osteoporosis
Authors: Jiang Yan-Wei , Xu Xiong-Jie , Wang Rui , Chen Chun-Mei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Undiagnosed osteoporosis may lead to severe complications after spinal surgery. This study aimed to construct and validate a radiomic signature based on CT scans to screen for lumbar spine osteoporosis.

Methods
Using a stratified random sample method, 386 vertebral bodies were randomly divided into a training set (n = 270) and a test set (n = 116). A total of 1040 radiomics features were automatically retracted from lumbar spine CT scans using the 3D slicer pyradiomics module, and a radiomic signature was created. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the Hounsfield and radiomics signature models were calculated. The AUCs of the two models were compared using the DeLong test. Their clinical usefulness was assessed using a decision curve analysis.

Results
Twelve features were chosen to establish the radiomic signature. The AUCs of the radiomics signature and Hounsfield models were 0.96 and 0.88 in the training set and 0.92 and 0.84 in the test set, respectively. According to the DeLong test, the AUCs of the two models were significantly different (p < 0.05). The radiomics signature model indicated a higher overall net benefit than the Hounsfield model, as determined by decision curve analysis.

Conclusions
The CT-based radiomic signature can differentiate patients with/without osteoporosis prior to lumbar spinal surgery. Without additional medical cost and radiation exposure, the radiomics method may provide valuable information facilitating surgical decision-making.

Key Points
• The goal of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of a radiomics signature model based on routine preoperative lumbar spine CT scans in screening osteoporosis.
• The radiomics signature model demonstrated excellent prediction performance in both the training and test sets.
• This radiomics method may provide valuable information and facilitate surgical decision-making without additional medical costs and radiation exposure.
Global experience and progress in GreenLight-XPS 180-Watt photoselective vaporization of the prostate
Authors: Lichy Isabel , Law Kyle , Tholomier Côme , Nguyen David-Dan , Sadri Iman , Bouhadana David , Couture Félix , Zakaria Ahmed S. , Bhojani Naeem , Zorn Kevin C. , Bruyère Franck , Cindolo Luca , Ferrari Giovanni , Vasquez-Lastra Carlos , Borelli-Bovo Tiago J. , Becher Edgardo F. , Misrai Vincent , Elterman Dean , Reimann Maximilian , Cash Hannes 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate changes in global perioperative data of GreenLight-XPS 180-Watt photo-selective vaporization of the prostate (GL-XPS) of the Global Greenlight Group (GGG) database.

Methods
3441 men, who underwent GL-XPS for symptomatic BPH between 2011 and 2019 at seven high volume international centers, were included. Primary outcome measurements were operative time (OT; min), effective laser time (LT; min of OT), as well as intraoperative and postoperative adverse events (AEs), all analyzed by year of surgery (2011–2019) and prostate volume (PV) group (< 80 ml vs. 80-150 ml vs. > 150 ml).

Results
The median age was 70 years (interquartile range 64–77), the median PV was 64 ml (IQR 47–90). The OT and LT slightly increased but stayed highly efficient all in all. Median OT was 60 min (IQR 45–83) and LT was 33 min (IQR 23–46). Median energy use was 253 kJ (IQR 170–375) with an energy density of 3.94 kJ/ml (IQR 2.94–5.02). The relative probability of perioperative AEs decreased by 17% each year (p < 0.001). The relative probability of perioperative transfusion dropped significantly from 2% in 2011 to 0% in 2019 (p = 0.007). The early postoperative complications (within 30 days after surgery) decreased significantly from 48.8% (n = 106) in 2011 to 24.7% (n = 20) in 2019 (p > 0.001).

Conclusion
These findings from the GGG demonstrate significant improvement secondary to growing experience with GL-XPS between 2011 and 2019 in intraoperative AEs, including transfusions, and postoperative AEs. While staying highly efficient in OT and LT of GL-XPS within a 9-year period of experience.
Utility and limitations of metabolic parameters in head and neck cancer: finding a practical segmentation method
Authors: Rijo-Cedeño Jefferson , Mucientes Jorge , Villarreal Ithzel María , Royuela Ana , García Vicente Patricia , García-Berrocal José Ramón 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Although metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) have shown good prognostic value in head and neck cancer (HNC), there are still many issues to resolve before their potential application in standard clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to compare the discrimination ability of two relevant segmentation methods in HNC and to evaluate the potential benefit of adding lymph nodes’ metabolism (LNM) to the measurements.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed a recently published database of 62 patients with HNC treated with chemoradiotherapy. MTV and TLG were measured using an absolute threshold of SUV2.5. Comparison analysis with previously published background-level threshold (BLT) results was done through Concordance index (C-index) in eight prognostic models.

Results
BLT obtained better C-index values in five out of the eight models. The addition of LNM improved C-index values in six of the prognostic models.

Conclusion
We found a potential benefit in adding LNM to the main tumor measurements, as well as in using a BLT for MTV segmentation compared to the most commonly used SUV2.5 threshold. Despite its limitations, this study suggests a practical and simple manner to use these parameters in standard clinical practice, aiming to help elaborate a general consensus.
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair—does age, sex, and lens status make a difference?
Authors: Radeck Viola , Helbig Horst , Maerker David , Gamulescu Maria-Andreea , Prahs Philipp , Barth Teresa 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To analyze the correlation between lens status, age, and sex in the epidemiology and success rates of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) surgery.

Methods
The files of all consecutive patients undergoing vitreoretinal surgery for uncomplicated RRD between Jan 2005 und Dec 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Successful outcome was defined as no retinal redetachment occurring within 3 months after surgery.

Results
5502 eyes with uncomplicated primary RRD were included. Mean age of the patients was 61.1 years (± 13.6 SD). In the age group over 40 years, a male predominance was found. The percentage of pseudophakic RRD increased from 25 to 40% during the 15 years observation period. In the age group 50 to 69 years, patients with pseudophakic detachments were male in 786 out of 1079 cases (72.9%). In the same age group, 1285 of 2110 (60.9%) patients with phakic RRD were male. Overall, primary success rate after one procedure was 91.2% (5018 of 5502). In the phakic eyes, the primary success rate was higher in those eyes that underwent combined phacovitrectomy (93.0%), compared to those without simultaneous cataract surgery (88.7%; p = 0.002).

Conclusion
The ratio of male and female patients with RRD varies between age groups. The proportion of pseudophakic RRD has increased within 15 years. The male predominance in RRD is stronger in pseudophakic than in phakic eyes. In phakic eyes with RRD, a combined phacovitrectomy yielded better anatomical results.
Periodic event-triggered modified repetitive control with equivalent-input-disturbance estimator based on T-S fuzzy model for nonlinear systems
Authors: Abd-Elhaleem Sameh , Soliman Mohamed , Hamdy Mohamed 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the periodic signal tracking and the disturbance rejection problems are considered for a class of time-varying delay nonlinear systems with unknown exogenous disturbances under limited communication resources. The Takagi–Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model is used to approximate the nonlinear system. The developed scheme achieves periodic reference tracking and improves the performance of periodic and aperiodic unknown disturbances rejection effectiveley. This can be operated by incorporating the equivalent-input-disturbance (EID) estimator with the modified repetitive controller (MRC) scheme. Moreover, a fuzzy periodic event-triggered feedback observer (FPETFO) is proposed for the purpose of reducing the computational burden, energy consumption and saving communication resources. The periodic event-triggered technique is designed to observe the occurrence of an event which is described by an error signal. When this error signal exceeds a prescribed threshold, the event occurs and the current data are transmitted; otherwise, there is a zero-order hold to keep data unchanged. The overall system consists of MRC, EID and FPETFO based on a T-S fuzzy model. Then, some sufficient conditions are derived to gurantee the asymptotic stability of the overall system subjected to unknown disturbances using the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional (LKF) stability theory and linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). The fuzzy state feedback controller and observer gains are designed using the LMI and matrix decomposition approaches. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed scheme with comparative study.
Prevalence and predictors for 72-h mortality after transfer to acute palliative care unit
Authors: Christ Sebastian M. , Huynh Minhtruong , Schettle Markus , Ahmadsei Maiwand , Blum David , Hertler Caroline , Seiler Annina 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Accurate prediction of survival is important to facilitate clinical decision-making and improve quality of care at the end of life. While it is well documented that survival prediction poses a challenge for treating physicians, the need for clinically valuable predictive factors has not been met. This study aims to quantify the prevalence of patient transfer 72 h before death onto the acute palliative care unit in a tertiary care center in Switzerland, and to identify factors predictive of 72-h mortality.

Methods
All patients hospitalized between January and December 2020 on the acute palliative care unit of the Competence Center Palliative Care of the Department of Radiation Oncology at the University Hospital Zurich were assessed. Variables were retrieved from the electronic medical records. Univariable and multivariable logistic regressions were used to identify predictors of mortality.

Results
A total of 398 patients were screened, of which 188 were assessed. Every fifth patient spent less than 72 h on the acute palliative care unit before death. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, predictors for 72-h mortality after transfer were no prior palliative care consult (p = 0.011), no advance care directive (p = 0.044), lower performance status (p = 0.035), lower self-care index (p = 0.003), and lower blood albumin level (p = 0.026).

Conclusion
Late transfer to the acute palliative care unit is not uncommon, which can cause additional distress to patients and caretakers. Though clinically practical short-term survival predictors remain largely unidentified, early integration of palliative care should be practiced more regularly in patients with life-limiting illness.
A real-world study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of three injectable neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist formulations for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in cancer patients
Authors: Dranitsaris George , Moezi Mehdi , Dobson Kate , Phelan Robert , Blau Sibel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Three different injectable neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor antagonist formulations (CINVANTI® [C] vs. intravenous Emend® [E] vs. generic formulations of fosaprepitant [GFF]) were compared with respect to nausea and vomiting control, use of rescue therapy, and the development of infusion reactions over multiple cycles of chemotherapy.

Methods
A retrospective analysis from 17 community oncology practices across the USA was conducted on patients who received moderately or highly emetogenic chemotherapy. The co-primary endpoints were the control of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) from days 1 to 5 over all cycles and the frequency of infusion-related reactions. Propensity score weighted multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to compare complete CINV control, the use of rescue therapy, and the risk of infusion reactions between groups.

Results
The study enrolled 294 patients (C = 101, E = 101, GFF = 92) who received 1432 cycles of chemotherapy. Using CINVANTI® as the reference group, comparative effectiveness was suggested in CINV control over all chemotherapy cycles (odds ratio (OR): E vs. C = 1.00 [0.54 to 1.86] and GFF vs. C = 1.12 [0.54 to 2.32]). However, use of rescue therapy was significantly higher in the EMEND® group relative to CINVANTI® (OR = 2.69; 95%CI: 1.06 to 6.84). Infusion reactions were also numerically higher in the EMEND® group, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (OR = 4.35; 95%CI: 0.83 to 22.8).

Conclusions
In this real-world analysis, patients receiving CINVANTI® had a reduced need for CINV rescue therapy and a numerically lower incidence of infusion reactions.
Comparable effectiveness of 45- and 20-min post-infusion scalp cooling time in preventing paclitaxel-induced alopecia — a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lugtenberg Rieneke T. , van den Hurk Corina J. G. , Smorenburg Carolien H. , Mosch Linda , Houtsma Danny , Deursen Margaret A. G. den Hollander-van , Kaptein Ad A. , Gelderblom Hans , Kroep Judith R. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Purpose

Scalp cooling can prevent chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA). Previously, the post-infusion cooling time (PICT) could be successfully reduced in docetaxel-treated patients from 90 to 45 and 20 min. Therefore, it seems plausible that the PICT can be shortened for paclitaxel-treated patients as well.

Methods
Patients treated with weekly paclitaxel were included in this multi-centre trial and randomly assigned to a PICT of 45 or 20 min. The results were compared to a standard PICT of 90 min, derived from prospective collected data from the Dutch Scalp Cooling Registry. The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients who decide to not wear a wig or head covering. Secondary endpoints were the degree of CIA assessed with the Dean scale for assessment of hair loss; alopecia graded according to NCI CTC toxicity version 4.03 (CTCAE4.03); tolerance of scalp cooling and perceived distress of CIA.

Results
Ninety-one patients were enrolled in this study; 74 patients were evaluable for hair loss. Hair preservation was successful in 27 patients (75%) with a PICT of 45 min and in 31 patients (82%) with a PICT of 20 min. There was no difference in success rate with the standard PICT of 90 min (85%, p = 0.29). Similar success rates were seen when using the Dean scale and CTCAE assessment, with no differences between groups (p = 0.12 and p = 0.38).

Conclusions
A 20 min PICT is as effective as 45 and 90 min to prevent weekly paclitaxel-induced alopecia and should be the new standard of care.

Trial register

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03266185.
Vulnerabilität und affektives Leiden
Authors: Schmidsberger Florian 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungDie folgende Auseinandersetzung mit der Erfahrung schmerzhafter Gefühle und einer differenzierten menschlichen Verletzbarkeit nimmt Bezug auf mehrere philosophische Gegenwartdiskurse (Emotionstheorie, Vulnerabilitätstheorie, Phänomenologische Psychopathologie). Im Vordergrund stehen folgende Leitfragen: Wie ist Verletzbarkeit zu verstehen? In welchem Verhältnis stehen Gefühle und Verletzbarkeit? Anliegen des Beitrages ist es, vermittels einer philosophischen Begriffsarbeit eine differenzierte Beschreibungssprache und eine konzeptuelle Ordnung für die Psychotherapieforschung und die praktische psychotherapeutische Arbeit anzubieten. Die wichtigsten Bezugsautor_innen sind Bernhard Waldenfels, Thomas Fuchs sowie Judith Butler.Die philosophische Erkundung wird vordergründig ein Verständnis von Vulnerabilität entfalten sowie die Struktur schmerzhafter Gefühle umreißen. Was die Verletzbarkeit anbelangt, so sei diese im phänomenologischen Erfahrungsbegriff von Waldenfels verortet. Mit Bezügen zu Butler seien die vielfältigen Register umrissen, in denen wir als Menschen verletzbar sind. Eine Einteilung von Verletzungen in responsive und irresponsive Verletzungen wird Auskunft über den Schweregrad von Verletzungen geben. Geht es um Gefühle, so sollen die folgenden Aspekte erörtert werden: Die leibliche Dimension, in der unser Leib als Medium unserer affektiven Erfahrung fungiert sowie die kognitive Seite unter dem Vorzeichen der „Sinnbildung“.
Development and validation across trimester of the Prenatal Eating Behaviors Screening tool
Authors: Claydon Elizabeth A. , Lilly Christa L. , Ceglar Jordan X. , Dueñas-Garcia Omar F. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRapid screening tools are useful for identifying at-risk patients and referring them for further assessment and treatment, but none exist that consider the unique medical needs of pregnant women with eating disorders (EDs). There is a need for a rapid, sensitive, and specific screening tool that can be used to identify a potential ED in pregnancy. We started with a set of 25 questions, developed from our qualitative work along with other ED screening tools, and tested on a development (n = 190) and validation sample (n = 167). Statistical analysis included factor analysis and logistic regressions with ROC curves. Development and validation samples were combined for trimester analysis (n = 357). Refining the tool to 12 items demonstrated strong internal reliability (development alpha = 0.95, validation alpha = 0.91). With correlated errors, questions demonstrated acceptable CFA fit (development: GFI: 0.91, RMSEA: 0.10, NNFI: 0.95; validation: GFI: 0.85, RMSEA: 0.14, NNFI: 0.86). Similar fits were seen by trimester: first trimester n = 127, GFI: 0.89, RMSEA: 0.12, NNFI: 0.94; second trimester n = 150, GFI: 0.83, RMSEA: 0.14, NNFI: 0.88; third trimester n = 80, GFI: 0.99, NNFI: 0.99. Validation against current ED diagnosis demonstrated acceptable sensitivity and specificity using a cutoff of 39 (development sensitivity = 80.7%, specificity = 79.7%, OR = 16.42, 95% CI: 7.51, 35.88; validation sensitivity = 69.2%, specificity = 86.5%, OR: 17.43, 95% CI: 6.46, 47.01). Findings suggest the PEBS tool can reliably and sensitively detect EDs across pregnancy trimesters with 12 questions. A further implication of this work is to reduce health and mental health treatment disparities through this standard and rapid screening measure to ensure early identification and treatment.
Clinical performance of a new fissure sealant—results from a 2-year randomized clinical trial
Authors: Schill Helen , Graeser Peter , Bücher Katharina , Pfisterer Jan , Khazaei Yeganeh , Enggist Lukas , Hickel Reinhard , Kühnisch Jan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this randomized clinical trial (RCT) was to explore the clinical survival of a new, Bis-GMA-free pit and fissure sealant (Helioseal F Plus) in comparison to an established control material (Helioseal F).Material and methodsThis in vivo study was designed as a prospective, 2-year, two-centre RCT with a split-mouth design. The initial study population consisted of 92 adolescents who were followed up 1 month (N = 89), 6 months (N = 88), 1 year (N = 85) and 2 years (N = 82) after sealant application. The attrition rate was 10.9% after 2 years. At each examination, the sealant retention and presence of caries were recorded. The statistical analysis included the calculation of Kaplan–Meier survival curves, log-rank tests and a Cox proportional hazard regression model.ResultsNo adverse events during the application or any of the follow-up visits were documented. The proportion of completely intact sealants and those with minimal loss was almost identical in both groups at 85.9% (Helioseal F Plus) and 86.5% Helioseal F) after 2 years of observation. The regression analysis revealed operator dependency; no significant differences were found between the materials, the study centres, the chosen isolation technique and patient age or sex.ConclusionThe newly developed sealant can be evaluated as at least equivalent in terms of survival and retention behaviour compared to the established control material.Clinical relevanceThe new sealant can be recommended for clinical use. With respect to the material properties (Bis-GMA-free, less light polymerisation time and better thixotropic behaviour), it offers additional advantages with clinical relevance.
IoT-based hydrological monitoring of water-induced landslides: a case study in central Norway
Authors: Oguz Emir Ahmet , Depina Ivan , Myhre Bård , Devoli Graziella , Rustad Helge , Thakur Vikas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWater-induced landslides pose a great risk to the society in Norway due to their high frequency and capacity to evolve in destructive debris flows. Hydrological monitoring is a widely employed method to understand the initiation mechanism of water-induced landslides under various climate conditions. Hydrological monitoring systems can provide relevant information that can be utilized in landslide early warning systems to mitigate the risk by issuing early warnings. These monitoring systems can be significantly enhanced, and wider deployments can be achieved through the recent developments within the domain of the Internet of Things (IoT). Therefore, this study aims to demonstrate a case study on an automated hydrological monitoring system supported by the IoT-based state-of-the-art technologies employing public mobile networks. Volumetric water content (VWC) sensors, suction sensors, and piezometers were used in the hydrological monitoring system to monitor the hydrological activities. The monitoring system was deployed in a case study area in central Norway at two locations of high susceptible geological units. During monitored period, the IoT-based hydrological monitoring system provided novel and valuable insights into the hydrological response of slopes to seasonally cold climates in terms of VWC and matric suction. The effects of rainfall, snow melting, ground freezing, and thawing were captured. The current study also made an attempt to integrate the collected data into a physical-based landslide susceptibility model to obtain a more consistent and reliable hazard assessment.
Limit laws for empirical optimal solutions in random linear programs
Authors: Klatt Marcel , Munk Axel , Zemel Yoav 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe consider a general linear program in standard form whose right-hand side constraint vector is subject to random perturbations. For the corresponding random linear program, we characterize under general assumptions the random fluctuations of the empirical optimal solutions around their population quantities after standardization by a distributional limit theorem. Our approach is geometric in nature and further relies on duality and the collection of dual feasible basic solutions. The limiting random variables are driven by the amount of degeneracy inherent in linear programming. In particular, if the corresponding dual linear program is degenerate the asymptotic limit law might not be unique and is determined from the way the empirical optimal solution is chosen. Furthermore, we include consistency and convergence rates of the Hausdorff distance between the empirical and the true optimality sets as well as a limit law for the empirical optimal value involving the set of all dual optimal basic solutions. Our analysis is motivated from statistical optimal transport that is of particular interest here and distributional limit laws for empirical optimal transport plans follow by a simple application of our general theory. The corresponding limit distribution is usually non-Gaussian which stands in strong contrast to recent finding for empirical entropy regularized optimal transport solutions.