bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Impact of Tropical Cyclones on Oman’s Maritime Cultural Heritage Through the Lens of Al-Baleed, Salalah (Dhofar Governorate)
Authors: Andreou Georgia M. , Westley Kieran , Huigens Harmen O. , Blue Lucy 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTropical cyclones are among the most detrimental hazards to the environment, societies, and economies, each year affecting millions of people and resulting in substantial casualties and material destructions in coastal communities. In this context, maritime cultural heritage, encompassing material evidence for the engagement of people with the sea, both on land and under water, is particularly vulnerable. Despite the significant number of archaeological sites exposed to tropical cyclones and other extreme sea-level events, maritime cultural heritage in the MENA region is rarely included in coastal vulnerability indices or incorporated in mitigation strategies, disaster management, sustainability, and resilience policies. In this study we examine the impact of tropical cyclones on the maritime archaeology of Oman with emphasis on the Dhofar region. This paper builds on existing coastal research in the Dhofar region—an area identified as the most cyclone-prone administrative region in Oman, but also an area that contains substantial archaeological remains. Central among Dhofar’s maritime cultural heritage is Al-Baleed, a Medieval seaport with unparalleled evidence of engagement with international trade networks.
Documenting, Protecting and Managing Endangered Maritime Cultural Heritage in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region
Authors: Breen Colin , Blue Lucy , Andreou Georgia M. , El Safadi Crystal , Huigens Harmen O. , Nikolaus Julia , Ortiz-Vazquez Rodrigo , Ray Nick , Smith Ash , Tews Sophie , Westley Kieran 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFor millennia, the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region has been a culturally dynamic zone, bounded by maritime societies dependent on the sea for communication, trade and livelihoods. The archaeological evidence of these past societies represents an extraordinary physical legacy of human endeavour and presence across this region, contributing to senses of place, identity and belonging amongst contemporary coastal communities. However, the coastal landscapes and marine environment of the MENA region are undergoing a period of profound change, associated with large-scale human development and climate change. In order to assess this change and the level of impact on the resource, the Maritime Endangered Archaeology project (MarEA) was established in 2019 to document cultural heritage sites and landscapes across the coastal and near-shore zones of the survey region. This paper introduces the work of the project and outlines a series of case studies presented in this volume that are representative of the variety and depth of work being undertaken within the project.
Lesion segmentation in lung CT scans using unsupervised adversarial learning
Authors: Sherwani Moiz Khan , Marzullo Aldo , De Momi Elena , Calimeri Francesco 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLesion segmentation in medical images is difficult yet crucial for proper diagnosis and treatment. Identifying lesions in medical images is costly and time-consuming and requires highly specialized knowledge. For this reason, supervised and semi-supervised learning techniques have been developed. Nevertheless, the lack of annotated data, which is common in medical imaging, is an issue; in this context, interesting approaches can use unsupervised learning to accurately distinguish between healthy tissues and lesions, training the network without using the annotations. In this work, an unsupervised learning technique is proposed to automatically segment coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lesions on 2D axial CT lung slices. The proposed approach uses the technique of image translation to generate healthy lung images based on the infected lung image without the need for lesion annotations. Attention masks are used to improve the quality of the segmentation further. Experiments showed the capability of the proposed approaches to segment the lesions, and it outperforms a range of unsupervised lesion detection approaches. The average reported results for the test dataset based on the metrics: Dice Score, Sensitivity, Specificity, Structure Measure, Enhanced-Alignment Measure, and Mean Absolute Error are 0.695, 0.694, 0.961, 0.791, 0.875, and 0.082 respectively. The achieved results are promising compared with the state-of-the-art and could constitute a valuable tool for future developments.
Graphical abstract
Directly Observed Care: Crossing the Chasm of Quality Measurement
Authors: Kelley A. Taylor , Weiner Saul J. , Francis Joseph 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAfter more than two decades of national attention to quality improvement in US healthcare, significant gaps in quality remain. A fundamental problem is that current approaches to measure quality are indirect and therefore imprecise, focusing on clinical documentation of care rather than the actual delivery of care. The National Academy of Medicine (NAM) has identified six domains of quality that are essential to address to improve quality: patient-centeredness, equity, timeliness, efficiency, effectiveness, and safety. In this perspective, we describe how directly observed care—a recorded audit of clinical care delivery—may address problems with current quality measurement, providing a more holistic assessment of healthcare delivery. We further show how directly observed care has the potential to improve each NAM domain of quality.
Dialectic narratives, hostile actors, and Earth’s resources in Saskatchewan, Canada
Authors: Hurlbert Margot A. , Akpan Jane 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper uses networks of action situations (NAS) together with actor network theory (ANT) to identify the decisions that were made in Saskatchewan regarding power production and explore what future choices are available in the context of climate change. A theoretical and methodological contribution to NAS literature is made with focus on interconnected human and non-human objects (carbon, hydro, and uranium) or ‘actants’ and the development of discourses supporting or opposing their development. Actants provide the nodes of focus, while discourses explain the development of actants and their links. Identification and explanation of the emergence and recession of actants on the Saskatchewan landscape are analyzed with diagnostics of telecoupled systems, polycentric governance, and flows of faction situations. Focus group and survey data are used to identify future pathways and imaginaries of power production and the actants of carbon, hydro and uranium. Actants of carbon (coal) and hydro are possibly kept alive with carbon capture and storage and import of hydro-electricity from the distant action situation in a neighboring province (if the necessary infrastructure is built). While actants of renewables are strongly emerging, uranium currently mined on the Saskatchewan landscape is receiving strong support by government due to the possibility of small modular reactors (SMRs). This expanded theoretical conception of NAS illustrates distant action situations impact on local narratives and decision-making and dynamics of polycentric governance that are neither top down nor collaborative.
Combined EBSD and Computer-Assisted Quantitative Analysis of the Impact of Spark Plasma Sintering Parameters on the Structure of Porous Materials
Authors: Nosewicz Szymon , Jurczak Grzegorz , Chrominski Witold , Rojek Jerzy , Kaszyca Kamil , Chmielewski Marcin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The paper presents the experimental, numerical, and theoretical investigation of the microstructure of nickel aluminide samples manufactured by spark plasma sintering using electron backscatter diffraction and computer assisted software. The aim of the work was to reveal the evolution of the microscopic and macroscopic parameters related to the microstructure of the material and its dependence on the applied sintering parameters—temperature and pressure. The studied porous samples with different relative density were extracted from various planes and then tested by electron backscatter diffraction to evaluate the crystallographic orientation in every spot of the investigated area. On this foundation, the grain structure of the samples was determined and carefully described in terms of the grain size, shape and boundary contact features. Several parameters reflecting the grain morphology were introduced. The application of the electric current resulting in high temperature and the additional external loading leads to the significant changes in the structure of the porous sample, such as the occurrence of lattice reorientation resulting in grain growth, increase in the grain neighbours, or the evolution of grain ellipticity, circularity, grain boundary length, and fraction. Furthermore, the numerical simulation of heat conduction via a finite element framework was performed in order to analyse the connectivity of the structures. The numerical results related to the thermal properties at the micro- and macroscopic scale—local heat fluxes, deviation angles, and effective thermal conductivity—were evaluated and studied in the context of the microstructural porosity. Finally, the effective thermal conductivity of two-dimensional EBSD maps was compared with those obtained from finite element simulations of three-dimensional micro-CT structures. The relationship between the 2D and 3D results was derived by using the analytical Landauer model.
Open government data: A systematic literature review of empirical research
Authors: Wirtz Bernd W. , Weyerer Jan C. , Becker Marcel , Müller Wilhelm M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOpen government data (OGD) holds great potential for firms and the digital economy as a whole and has attracted increasing interest in research and practice in recent years. Governments and organizations worldwide are struggling in exploiting the full potential of OGD and require a comprehensive understanding of this phenomenon. Although scientific debates in OGD research are intense and heterogeneous, the field lacks theoretical integration of OGD topics and their systematic consideration in the context of the digital economy. In addition, OGD has been widely neglected by information systems (IS) research, which promises great potential for advancing our knowledge of the OGD concept and its role in the digital economy. To fill in this gap, this study conducts a systematic literature review of 169 empirical OGD studies. In doing so, we develop a theoretical review framework of Antecedents, Decisions, Outcomes (ADO) to unify and grasp the accumulating isolated evidence on OGD in context of the digital economy and provide a theory-informed research agenda to tap the potential of IS research for OGD. Our findings reveal six related key topic clusters of OGD research and substantial gaps, opening up prospective research avenues and particularly outlining how IS research can inform and advance OGD research.
Evaluate the hydro-geochemical characteristics of Selamko farm reservoir water quality and its potential for multipurpose uses in Debre Tabor, Ethiopia using GIS-based water quality indices
Authors: Tamirat Dawit Munye , Aragaw Tamru , Gnanachandrasamy Gopalakrishnan , Affessa Girum Metaferia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSurface water pollution is a global problem and has been evident for a long period of time. Hence, the aim of the study was to evaluate the hydro-geochemical characteristics of Selamko farm reservoir water quality and its suitability for multipurpose uses using GIS-based water quality indices. The water sampling sites and parameters were selected systematically based on the land use, land cover, and anthropogenic activities around Selamko reservoir watershed in Debre Tabor, Ethiopia. Water samples were collected from 11 sampling stations from July 2019 to March 2020 using the composite sampling method and examined using standard procedures. The suitability of the reservoir's water quality for multipurpose use was investigated using drinking and irrigation water quality indices, and other tools. The spatial distribution maps of water quality parameters were prepared using the kriging method in ArcGIS 10.5. The results of the geospatial analysis indicated that the reservoir water quality parameters had spatial variation, which was caused by industrial and household wastewater inflow across the reservoir's watershed. Based on WHO and ES standards, the computed drinking water quality index results revealed that 81.81% and 18.18% of the reservoir's water quality fall into the poor to very poor classes, which indicates that the water in the reservoir is not fit for drinking. However, a Wilcox diagram, irrigation indices, and USEPA regulations revealed that the reservoir water quality is found to be safe and suitable for irrigation, fishing, and livestock purposes. The study concluded that Selamko reservoir's water quality is suitable for irrigation, fishing, and livestock watering with proper management accordingly.
A combined theory-based explanatory model for predicting tourists’ travel intentions during the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of individual’s assessment of the compliance with non-pharmaceutical interventions
Authors: Thao Vu Thi , Hüsser Andreas Philippe , Ohnmacht Timo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and tourist’s assessments of non-pharmaceutical public-health interventions (NPIs) in relation to their travel intentions. It uses a combined theoretical model that incorporates the Domain-Specific Risk-Taking Scale (DOSPERT) in the recreational domain, the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). A large-scale population study that is representative of Switzerland has been carried out to validate the model (N = 1683; 39% response rate). We use a regression model based on mean indices for our explanatory model. Health beliefs, namely perceived susceptibility and severity, are important predictors of travel intentions. The perceived benefits of and barriers to compliance with NPIs when travelling also have a substantial influence on travel intentions. The results demonstrated that the factors of the HBM tend to have a stronger influence than other significant factors, such as the perceived behavioural control of the TPB. As a situational context, the ability to work from home increases the intention to travel. The achievement of the present research is a validated empirical theory-based model that is suitable for practical and managerial implications. It can be used to create and evaluate measures and interventions that address the social psychological influencing factors.
A site for deep ice coring at West Hercules Dome: results from ground-based geophysics and modeling
Authors: Fudge T. J. , Hills Benjamin H. , Horlings Annika N. , Holschuh Nicholas , Christian John Erich , Davidge Lindsey , Hoffman Andrew , O'Connor Gemma K. , Christianson Knut , Steig Eric J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHercules Dome, Antarctica, has long been identified as a prospective deep ice core site due to the undisturbed internal layering, climatic setting and potential to obtain proxy records from the Last Interglacial (LIG) period when the West Antarctic ice sheet may have collapsed. We performed a geophysical survey using multiple ice-penetrating radar systems to identify potential locations for a deep ice core at Hercules Dome. The surface topography, as revealed with recent satellite observations, is more complex than previously recognized. The most prominent dome, which we term ‘West Dome’, is the most promising region for a deep ice core for the following reasons: (1) bed-conformal radar reflections indicate minimal layer disturbance and extend to within tens of meters of the ice bottom; (2) the bed is likely frozen, as evidenced by both the shape of the measured vertical ice velocity profiles beneath the divide and modeled ice temperature using three remotely sensed estimates of geothermal flux and (3) models of layer thinning have 132 ka old ice at 45–90 m above the bed with an annual layer thickness of ~1 mm, satisfying the resolution and preservation needed for detailed analysis of the LIG period.
The effect of nursing care and follow-up for mothers of infants undergoing congenital heart surgery: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Ay Ayşe , Koç Gülten 
Published: September 2022

AbstractImprovements in congenital heart surgery have resulted in an increasing number of infants surviving, but there remain concerns about home care and difficulties experienced by mothers. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of nursing care and follow-up for the mothers of infants undergoing congenital heart surgery on anxiety, care burden, and self-efficacy. The study was designed as a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test control group design. The study included 40 mothers whose infants had undergone congenital heart surgery. Nursing care was provided to the mothers of the infants included in the study group through a total of six home follow-ups until the third month after surgery, guided by the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association and Nursing Diagnosis System and Nursing Interventions Classification. Data were collected through Care Needs Identification Form, Spielberger’s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Zarit Burden Interview, and Parental Self-efficacy Scale. The mean State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Zarit Burden Interview scores for the mothers in the intervention group decreased, while the mean Parental Self-efficacy Scale scores increased as the follow-up progressed and it was determined that by the third month, the difference between the mothers in the intervention group and those in the control group in terms of post-test State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Zarit Burden Interview, and Parental Self-efficacy Scale had become statistically significant. Providing appropriate nursing care practices to the mothers of the infants had undergone congenital heart surgery in home setting has the potential to decrease the problems experienced by the mothers.
Quizalofop-resistant rice response to quizalofop when exposed to low rates of glyphosate and imazethapyr
Authors: Godara Navdeep , Norsworthy Jason K. , Butts Thomas R. , Roberts Trenton L. , Gbur Edward E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInjury to quizalofop-resistant rice was reported in some fields following postemergence applications of quizalofop. Glyphosate-resistant (GR) corn, cotton, and soybean, and imidazolinone-resistant rice are grown near quizalofop-resistant rice. Herbicide drift from glyphosate and imazethapyr and the resulting crop injury and potential yield loss is a cause of concern for producers. Field experiments conducted near Colt, and Keiser, AR, in 2021 evaluated whether low rates of glyphosate or imazethapyr interact with sequential quizalofop applications to exacerbate injury to quizalofop-resistant rice compared to quizalofop applications alone. Herbicide treatments consisted of a low rate of glyphosate (90 g ae ha−1) or imazethapyr (10.7 g ai ha−1) applied 10, 7, 4, and 0 d before the 2-leaf growth stage of rice, and glyphosate or imazethapyr, at the same rate and timings, followed by quizalofop at 120 g ai ha−1 applied to 2-leaf rice. All plots treated with quizalofop received a subsequent application of the same herbicide and rate at the 5-leaf rice stage. At 28 d after final treatment (DAFT), glyphosate followed by quizalofop the same day to 2-leaf rice caused 77% injury compared with 58% when glyphosate was applied alone, regardless of location. Glyphosate followed by quizalofop the same day reduced rough rice grain yield by 67% compared with 33% when glyphosate was applied alone to 2-leaf rice at the Colt location. Application of imazethapyr followed by quizalofop the same day to 2-leaf rice caused more injury (63% and 19% injury at the Colt and Keiser locations, respectively) than imazethapyr alone (42% and 7% injury at the Colt and Keiser locations, respectively) at 35 DAFT. Overall, glyphosate and imazethapyr followed by quizalofop applications worsened injury compared to glyphosate, imazethapyr, and quizalofop applications alone. As the interval between exposure to a low rate of glyphosate or imazethapyr and quizalofop decreases, the detrimental effect of herbicide on rice likewise increases.
Partisanship Unmasked? The Role of Politics and Social Norms in COVID-19 Mask-Wearing Behavior
Authors: Carey John , Nyhan Brendan , Phillips Joseph B. , Reifler Jason 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPublic health officials have faced resistance in their efforts to promote mask-wearing to counter the spread of COVID-19. One approach to promoting behavior change is to alert people to the fact that a behavior is common (a descriptive norm). However, partisan differences in pandemic mitigation behavior mean that Americans may be especially (in)sensitive to information about behavioral norms depending on the party affiliation of the group in question. In July–August 2020, we tested the effects of providing information to respondents about how many Americans, co-partisans, or out-partisans report wearing masks regularly on both mask-wearing intentions and on the perceived effectiveness of masks. Learning that a majority of Americans report wearing masks regularly increases mask-wearing intentions and perceived effectiveness, though the effects of this information are not distinguishable from other treatments.
Ningaloo Niño/Niña in CMIP6 Models: Characteristics, Mechanisms, and Climate Impacts
Authors: Xue Jiaqing , Yang Hongpei , Luo Jing‐Jia , Yuan Chaoxia , Wang Boni , Yamagata Toshio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAs a dominant climate mode of the southeast Indian Ocean, Ningaloo Niño/Niña has paramount impacts on regional climate and marine ecosystems. Using outputs from the latest phase of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6), we have systematically evaluated the simulation of Ningaloo Niño/Niña in the state‐of‐the‐art coupled models. Eighteen out of 28 CMIP6 models well reproduce the spatial pattern and seasonality of Ningaloo Niño/Niña, whereas the simulated amplitudes show large spread across the models. Main processes of the oceanic and atmospheric El Niño‐Southern Oscillation teleconnections and the coastal Bjerknes feedback are successfully captured by most of the CMIP6 models, but their uncertainties in the simulation are responsible for the inter‐model difference in amplitude. The CMIP6 models are also skillful in reproducing the regional climate impacts of Ningaloo Niño/Niña. Compared to Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5, a larger fraction of models in CMIP6 well reproduce the Ningaloo Niño/Niña, which provides a good hope for projecting its future changes.
The Influence of Transport Stage on Preserved Fluvial Cross Strata
Authors: Das Debsmita , Ganti Vamsi , Bradley Ryan , Venditti Jeremy , Reesink Arjan , Parsons Daniel R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFluvial cross strata are depositional products of bedform migration that record formative flow and sediment transport conditions on planetary bodies. Bedform evolution varies with transport stage even under constant flow depths, but our understanding of how prevailing sediment transport conditions affect preserved cross strata is limited. Here, we analyzed experimental bedform evolution and preserved set thickness spanning threshold‐of‐motion to suspension‐dominated transport conditions at multiple equilibrium flow depths. Results show that bedform trough depth and mean preserved set thickness have a parabolic dependence on transport stage, with maximum values observed at intermediate transport stages. Our results indicate that transport stage is a key control on the flow‐depth‐normalized set thickness but set thickness is a poor indicator of flow depth. Thus, the dependence of bedform dimensions on transport stage should be considered in paleohydraulic reconstruction, and the analysis of set thickness may aid in the estimation of ancient fluvial sediment flux.