bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interrater reliability and agreement of the liver imaging reporting and data system (LI-RADS) v2018 for the evaluation of hepatic lesions
Authors: Abdelrahman Ahmed S. , Madkour Sherihan S. , Ekladious Mena E.Y. 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionThe liver imaging reporting and data system (LI-RADS) is a structured reporting system that categorizes hepatic observations according to major imaging features and lesion size, with an optional ancillary features contribution. This study aimed to evaluate inter-reader agreement of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using LI-RADS v2018 lexicon.Material and methodsForty-nine patients with 69 hepatic observations were included in our study. The major and ancillary features of each hepatic observation were evaluated by 2 radiologists using LI-RADS v2018, and the inter-reader agreement was allocated.ResultsThe inter-reader agreement of major LI-RADS features was substantial; κ of non-rim arterial hyperenhancement, non-peripheral washout appearance, and enhancing capsule was 0.796, 0.799, and 0.772 (p < 0.001), respectively. The agreement of the final LI-RADS category was substantial with κ = 0.651 (p < 0.001), and weighted κ = 0.786 (p < 0.001). The inter-reader agreement of the ancillary features was substantial to almost perfect (κ range from 0.718 to 1; p < 0.001). An almost perfect correlation was noted for the hepatic lesion size measurement with ICC = 0.977 (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe major and ancillary features of the LI-RADS v2018, as well as the final category and lesions size, have substantial to almost perfect inter-reader agreement.
Lymphomas of palatine tonsil in patients at a tertiary care centre in coastal India: A ten-year case analysis
Authors: Niranjan Khadilkar Meera , Dosemane Deviprasad , Mithra P. Prasanna , Sreedharan Suja , Shenoy Vijendra , Kabekkodu Sushmitha , N. Khadilkar Urmila 
Published: July 2022

Introduction and Aim: Head and neck is affected in 11-33% of extra-nodal Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas with the Waldeyer’s ring comprising 50% and among which palatine tonsils are most commonly involved.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed using medical case files to study the demographic and clinical details of 13 patients diagnosed with primary lymphoma of palatine tonsil between 2011 and 2020 at a tertiary care hospital in coastal India.

Results: Mean age was 49.7 years with a male preponderance. The usual presentation was either as a unilateral palatine mass or neck swelling with dysphagia, odynophagia and otalgia. All patients had high-grade lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was the commonest type. B-symptoms were seen more often in B-cell lymphoma; stage I was the most frequent. Stage at diagnosis was statistically significant when compared with B-symptoms, bulky disease and International Prognostic Index (IPI) (p-values of 0.02, 0.02 and 0.035 respectively). Overall survival (OS) rate was 44.44%, being higher in females than in males. Higher OS rate was noted for IPI of 1 & 2, and early stage lymphoma, unilateral tonsillar enlargement, normal lactate dehydrogenase, and European Cooperative Oncology Group score of 0. Combined chemoradiation proved to be better (50% OS) than chemotherapy (33.33% OS) alone.

Conclusion: Lymphoma must be suspected in unilateral or bilateral asymmetrical tonsillar enlargement, especially in the older age group. Histopathology with immunohistochemistry plays a crucial role in diagnosis and typing of lymphoma, for proper and early institution of treatment with chemoradiation.
Nutraceutical properties of Vinca rosea
Authors: - Prabhavathi , Mal Anuradha 
Published: July 2022

Vinca rosea (C. roseus), a member of the Apocynaceae family, is a popular medicinal plant found in many countries. It's gaining popularity because it's been discovered to have a variety of phytochemicals having a wide range of biological actions, such as free radicle scavenging, hypoglycemic, antibacterial, antifungal, and cancer-fighting properties. The most important alkaloids isolated from vinca plant is vincristine and vinblastine. These were the first anticancer medicines obtained from plants to be tested in clinical trials. New indole alkaloids have recently been identified from this plant, including human cancer cell lines which were efficiently suppressed in vitro by 14', 15'-didehydrocyclovinblastine, 17-deacetoxyvinamidine, and 17-deacetoxycyclovinblastine. This plant is high in alkaloids and other secondary metabolites. Vindoline, vindolidine, vindolicine, and vindolinine are some of the important alkaloids found in the leaf extracts of V. rosea which showed anti-diabetic activity in vitro. These findings imply that C. rosea remains a potential bioactive chemical source that warrants more investigation. This study gives a summary of the plant's botanical features, its traditional and current medical uses and phytochemical profiles. In addition, the extracts and bioactive components generated from this plant's supposed health advantages were investigated in order to establish its potential as medicinal agents.
PENYULUHAN HYGIENI DAN SANITASI MAKANAN PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI PUKESMAS AIR TAWAR KOTA PADANG
Authors: SIANA YUSTI , NURHUDA MHD , AMELIA RINITA , IVAN MUHAMAD , EFRIZA EFRIZA , YANA RAHMA TRI 
Published: July 2022

Food Sanitation Prevents food contamination with substances thatcan cause health problems, it is necessary to apply food sanitation.Food sanitation is an effort to secure and save foodto keep it clean. Food sanitation is efforts food hygiene and safety so as not to expose a danger of poisoning anddisease in humans. In order to maintain public health, it is necessarysupervision of the manufacture and supply of food ingredients anddrinks so as not to endanger public health. Talking about sanitationfood, problems concerning the nutritional value or the compositionfood ingredients that suit the needs of the body, less attention. Food sanitation more emphasized on supervision of the manufacture andprovision of food so as not to endanger health. Hygiene Goalsand Food Sanitation Food hygiene and sanitation is an effort tocontrol the factors of food, people, places and equipment that canor may cause disease or health problems.
ABSTRAK Sanitasi Makanan Mencegah kontaminasi makanan dengan zat-zat yang dapat mengakibatkan gangguan kesehatan diperlukan penerapan sanitasi makanan. Sanitasi makanan adalah usaha untuk mengamankan dan menyelamatkan makanan agar tetap bersih. Sanitasi makanan adalah upaya-upaya yang ditujukan untuk kebersihan dan keamanan makanan agar tidak menimbulkan bahaya keracunan dan penyakit pada manusia. Untuk memelihara kesehatan masyarakat perlu sekali pengawasan terhadap pembuatan dan penyediaan bahan-bahan makanan dan minuman agar tidak membahayakan kesehatan masyarakat. Membicarakan sanitasi makanan, permasalahan yang menyangkut nilai gizi ataupun mengenai komposisi bahan makanan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan tubuh, kurang diperhatikan. 6 Sanitasi makanan lebih ditekankan pada pengawasan terhadap pembuatan dan penyediaan bahan makanan agar tidak membahayakan kesehatan. Tujuan Hygiene dan Sanitasi Makanan Hygiene dan sanitasi makanan adalah upaya untuk mengendalikan faktor makanan, orang, tempat dan perlengkapannya yang dapat atau mungkin dapat menimbulkan penyakit atau gangguan kesehatan.
Fault slip potential induced by fluid injection in the Matouying enhanced geothermal system (EGS) field, Tangshan seismic region, North China
Authors: Feng Chengjun , Gao Guangliang , Zhang Shihuai , Sun Dongsheng , Zhu Siyu , Tan Chengxuan , Ma Xiaodong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract. The Tangshan region is one of the most seismically active areas in
the North China, and the 1976 M 7.8 earthquake occurred on 28 July near
the Tangshan fault zone. The Matouying enhanced geothermal system (EGS)
field is located ∼90 km away from the city of Tangshan. Since late 2020, preliminary hydraulic stimulation tests have been conducted at
depths of ∼3965–4000 m. Fluid injection into geothermal reservoir facilitates a heat exchanger system. However, fluid injection may also induce earthquakes. In anticipation of the EGS operation at the Matouying uplift, it is essential to assess how the fault slip potential of the nearby active and quiescent faults will change in the presence of fluid injection. In this study, we first characterize the ambient stress field in the Tangshan region by performing stress tensor inversions using 98 focal-mechanism data (ML≥2.5). Then, we estimate the principal stress magnitudes near the Matouying EGS field by analyzing in situ stress measurements at shallow depths (∼600–1000 m). According to these data, we perform a quantitative risk assessment using the Mohr–Coulomb framework in order to evaluate how the main active faults might respond to hypothetical injected-related pore pressure increases due to the upcoming EGS production. Our results mainly show that most earthquakes in the Tangshan seismic region have occurred on the faults that have relatively high fault slip potential in the present ambient stress field. At well distances of less than 15 km, the probabilistic fault slip potential on most of the boundary faults increases with continuing fluid injection over time, especially on the faults with well distances of ∼6–10 km. The probabilistic fault slip potential (fsp) increases linearly with the fluid injection rate. However, the fsp values decrease exponentially with increased unit permeability. The case study of the Matouying EGS field has important implications for deep geothermal exploitation in China, especially for Gonghe EGS (in Qinghai Province) and Xiong'an New Area (in Hebei Province) geothermal reservoirs that are close to the Quaternary active faults. Ongoing injection operations in the regions should be conducted with these understandings in mind.
Influence of the essential oil of thyme and the introduction of yeast mushrooms from the genus sacharomycetes on the organism of the rainbow trout
Authors: Popova O. S. 
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effects of thyme essential oil and Saccharomycetes on blood counts and body productivity in rainbow trout. The fishery complex demonstrates positive dynamics in all key economic indicators. The use of feed additives in a complete fish diet is one such practical solution that not only improves nutritional efficiency, but also helps to reduce stress and control diseases by strengthening the immune system of fish. The study was carried out in the fish farm of the Leningrad region, on rainbow trout. 3 groups were taken, 5 in each group. The control group received only the main diet, only Saccharomycetes were introduced to the diet of group 2, and thyme essential oil was added to the main diet of group 3 in addition to Saccharomycetes. The mixture was administered at a dose of 2% of the norm was the essential oil of thyme, and 0.1% of saccharomycetes. Physico-chemical indicators of water, including temperature, were at the same level in all groups, within the physiological norm. The experiment lasted 30 days; at the end of the experiment, blood was taken to study blood parameters. Statistical analysis was carried out using STATISTICA 6 software.The present study showed that the combination of Saccharomycetes and thyme essential oil promotes the full development of fish and the efficient use of feed. Can theoretically successfully increase growth rates, survival rates, and digestive enzymes in farmed rainbow trout. Also, their inclusion in the diet can be useful for enhancing immune parameters and antioxidant responses and, therefore, can be included in the diet of this fish species as a safe feed additive.
Quality management in bioequivalence assessment: problems and prospects
Authors: Ponamarev V. S. 
Published: July 2022

One of the main problems of modern drug production is the assessment of bioequivalence during the life cycle of the product at the stage of preliminary approval (the stage of clinical trials) and at the stage after approval.Getting a biowaiver is very important for pharmaceutical companies because of the significant savings in resources and time. However, if this is not done with scientific justification, safety and efficacy may be affected due to false positive decisions. Often differences in bioavailability are not found in pharmaceutical practice and hence are rarely reported.A search of original studies in the scientific databases of PubMed, Elsevier Science (Scopus) and Clarivate Analytics (Web of Science) was carried out to determine the distinguishing features of the biowaiver methodology, followed by analysis of the data obtained.In general, pharmaceutical development should relate in vitro dissolution to in vivo product efficacy. Under certain conditions, the results of a comparative bioavailability or clinical study can be extrapolated to all generic drugs. Biowaiver considerations include drug pharmacokinetics, dosage form type, manufacturing processes, and formulation proportionality. The article summarizes the unresolved issues associated with biowaiver based on the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS), but also discusses the positive aspects of the prospect of further uses of the biowaiver procedure.Unresolved issues that have arisen in the analysis of examples of false negative and false positive results described in the literature require further adjustment of regulatory requirements. Possible ways to solve these problems are the use of modeling and simulation, as well as the improvement of in vitro biorelevant tests, which are able to distinguish dosage forms with unequal in vivo efficiency, which potentially effectively allows the use of the biowaiver procedure.
Radiological assessment of resectability status in patients with pancreatic cancer
Authors: Muhammad Ambareen , Saeed Sidrah , Akhtar Naheed , Majid Abdul , Adil Zeenat 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a major health concern as it is the third most common cause of cancer-related death. Surgery is the only curative option, but it is associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality.
Objective: To accurately identify the patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer through the use of computed tomography imaging.
Material & Methods: This descriptive case series was conducted at Kuwait Teaching Hospital from July 2019 to June 2020. A total of 52 patients were evaluated with ages ranging from 11-90 years comprising 24 males and 28 females. CT scan abdomen with the pancreatic protocol was done on 16 slice Toshiba CT scanner in the Radiology department of Kuwait Teaching Hospital. Images were evaluated in axial, coronal and sagittal planes following pancreatic protocol. Data like patient age, gender, tumor location, size, venous and arterial involvement, lymph nodal and adjacent visceral involvement were collected and subjected to statistical analysis.
Results: Out of a total of 52 patients, pancreatic carcinoma was most prevalent in the head region which was observed in 35(67.3%) patients. The next common site was the uncinate process followed by the body and then the tail. In 57.7% the size of primary malignancy was more than 2 cm and in 42.3% of the patients, it was less than 2 cm. Superior Mesenteric Vein (SMV) was involved in pancreatic carcinoma in 7.7%, Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) in 3.8% and Portal Vein (PV) in 11.5% of the cases. The Celiac Artery was involved by the pancreatic tumor in 11.5% and Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA) in 23.1% of the cases. Lymph nodal involvement was observed in 42.3% of the cases and adjacent visceral involvement was noted in 34.6% of the cases.
Conclusion: Pancreatic carcinoma was identified as surgically unresectable by CT scans in the majority of patients because of locally advanced disease having a size more than 2 cm, and with vascular, lymph nodal and adjacent visceral involvement.
Association of otitis media with dental caries in children: a systematic review
Authors: Aziz Sumaira , Dawar Aziz Khan , Jan Answer Zeb , Salahuddin Abid , Aziz Humera , Aziz Saqib , Fahad Shehzad 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Otitis media, also known as middle ear infection, refers to any inflammation of the middle ear. It may be attributable to bacteria like Streptococcus pneumoniae and Hemophilus influenzae (most commonly involved), though viruses can also cause middle ear infection. It affects the pediatric group during the first three years of life, with 80% youngsters having had one otitis media episode at the minimum by age three years, 50% having had at least three episodes, while a smaller number experience their first episode after age three years. This phenomenon has also been linked to an increased presence of Streptococcus mutans which in turn raises the risk of acquiring dental caries.
Objective: To determine whether an association exists between middle ear infection and the high occurrence of Streptococcus mutans that ultimately leads to dental caries in children and causes poor oral hygiene problems.
Materials & Methods: A comprehensive and well-organized search of published articles was conducted in February 2022. The investigation was conducted using the Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews. Articles that fulfilled the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were appraised with respect to the key objectives of the review.
Results: Based on the findings of the studies highlighted in this systematic review, not only was there a positive correlation between middle ear infection and dental caries, but some data were also supplied on the nature of the link between early childhood caries and middle ear infection.
Conclusion: Increased Streptococcus mutans levels in early childhood together with other contributory risk factors such as middle ear infection could enhance the incidence of early childhood dental caries.
Efectividad de la limitación del deporte exterior en la evolución de la pandemia por Covid-19
Authors: Aguilera-Cobos Lorena , Isabel-Gómez Rebeca , Blasco-Amaro Juan Antonio 
Published: July 2022

Resultados clave •	La aplicación conjunta, simultánea y heterogénea de las medidas de intervención no-farmacológica durante la pandemia complica la valoración de la efectividad de cada una de las medidas tomadas de forma desagregada. •	La cantidad de estudios que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión fue muy baja. Solamente se incluye un estudio primario evaluado con una calidad baja. •	Los documentos de organismos oficiales indican un aumento de la eficacia de las medidas de intervención no-farmacológica cuando se aplican de forma conjunta. Conclusión Se puede concluir de la revisión realizada que hay evidencia sobre el impacto positivo de las medidas de intervención no-farmacológicas en el desarrollo de la pandemia COVID-19. Si bien, no es posible la valoración de la eficacia de las medidas de limitación del deporte exterior con la evidencia actual.
Contributions of the periphyton to the growth of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings on different fixation substrates: an ecological approach
Authors: Schroder Rosa Ynaê Paula , Russo Márcia Regina , Inoue Luis Antônio Kioshi Aoki , Cavalcanti Lidiany Doreto 
Published: July 2022

Knowing about the ecological aspects involved in the commercial breeding of aquatic organisms becomes an important tool to make aquaculture more productive and less impactful. Thus, periphyton taxon composition and biomass on different substrates and the influence of these on water quality and growth parameters of Nile tilapia fingerlings were examined. An experiment with three treatments (substrates for growth of periphyton: geomembrane, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and bamboo) and a control (without substrate), each with five replicates, was conducted in a greenhouse with controlled aeration and temperature. Each mesocosm was populated with ten tilapia fingerlings with an average weight of 2.3 g for 30 days. Water quality parameters were not significantly different among treatments but remained within that established by the environmental legislation. In all treatments, 36 periphyton taxa were observed. The bamboo substrate was the most diverse, which could be attributed to the fact it was a natural substrate. Regarding fish growth, there was a significant difference among the treatments, with the PET treatment having a higher condition factor (kn). The bamboo substrate was good for colonization concerning alga diversity; however, fish in the PET treatment and control exhibited higher performance and algae consumption values, respectively.
An outlook on the future of Brazilian agriculture: how farming students of Tocantins perceive sustainability in the Cerrado
Authors: Miller Mark Lawrence , Santos Ferreira Sarah , Löbmann Michael , Schermer Markus , Foschiera Atamis Antonio , Zerbe Stefan 
Published: July 2022

In the Brazilian Cerrado, the land-use change caused by the expansion and intensification of agribusiness farming has led to dramatic socio-environmental problems. To foster sustainable development, Brazilian farming students have to learn about land use according to the Sustainable Development Goals and how to implement them on their home farm and future workplace. Through a questionnairebased survey, our study explored the perceptions of 128 students at the Family Farming High School of Porto Nacional on the sustainability of farming systems in the Cerrado of Tocantins. We analyzed the effectiveness of the school in teaching sustainability, the students’ occupational preferences and perspectives, and their sentiment about three common farming systems in the Cerrado of Tocantins, i.e., agribusiness, family farming, and agroecological farming, and their opinion on the business relationships among the three systems. Even though our study confirmed the effectiveness of school-work alternation models in transferring sustainability practices from school to home farms, it also revealed farming students’ poor understanding of the systemic definition of sustainability. Students defined sustainable and unsustainable farms with different perspectives and evaluation criteria, most of them referring to environmental indicators such as the way materials are used, whether the natural environment is protected, and whether biodiversity is preserved on the farm. There is a discrepancy between students’ occupational preference and their prevalent sentiment about family farming, agribusiness, and agroecological farming. While more than half of them would accept reloto work on an agribusiness farm, significantly more students have a positive sentiment in favor of family farming and agroecological farming than agribusiness farming. The three farming systems, however, are not perceived as contending or isolated but as partnering businesses, featuring low competition and high cooperation rates. Our study contributes to a broader appreciation of the Brazilian students’ perception of farming sustainability in the Cerrado of Tocantins and helps environmental education programs improve their effectiveness in transferring sustainability.