bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Istidlal Batalnya Wudlu (Perspektif Imam Hanafi dan Imam Syafi’i)
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno 
Published: January 2022

<p><em>This study aims to determine 1) How is Istidlal (the process of searching for and using arguments) to invalidate ablution according to Imam Hanafi and Imam Syafii and 2) What are the factors that cause the difference of opinion between Imam Hanafi and Imam Shafii regarding the cancellation of ablution. The research method used in this study is descriptive qualitative with a comparative approach that compares the opinions of two scholars about the cancellation of wudlu. The research results obtained are: 1) Istidlal: Imam Hanafi's istidlal regarding the cancellation of ablution was inspired by analogues and qiyas, because he was nicknamed "ahlu alra'yu", while Imam Shafi'i's istidlal regarding the cancellation of ablution is to look for the rules and ushul of the problem of canceling wudlu, then after finding him combine it with a valid argument or basis and this is also chosen from a valid argument. 2) Factors: The factors that cause differences of opinion between Imam Hanafi and Imam Shafi'i regarding the cancellation of ablution are the time or era factor, the scientific factor possessed, the legal basis used, the search for a legal basis in determining the law, and the experience factor.</em></p><p>Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui, 1) <em>Istidlal</em> (proses pencarian dan penggunaan dalil) batalnya wudlu menurut Imam Hanafi dan Imam Syafii dan 2) Faktor-faktor apakah yang menyebabkan perbadaan pendapat antara Imam Hanafi dan Imam Syafii tentang batalnya wudlu. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan komparatif yang membandingkan pendapat dua ulama tentang batalnya wudlu. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah1)<em>Istidlal</em> Imam Hanafi tentang batalnya wudlu diilhami dengan analog dan qiyas, karena beliau dijuluki <em>”ahlu alra’yu”,</em>sedangkan <em>istidlal</em> Imam Syafi’i tentang batalnya wudlu yaitu dengan mencari kaidah-kaidah dan ushul dari permasalahan batalnya wudlu, kemudian setelah ditemukan beliau memadukan dengan dalil atau dasar yang dan ini pun dipilih dari dalil yang sahih. 2) Faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan perbedaan pendapat antara Imam Hanafi dan Imam Syafi’i tentang batalnya wudlu adalah faktor masa atau zaman, faktor Keilmuan yang dimiliki, faktor dasar hukum yang digunakan, faktor pencarian dasar hukum dalam menetapkan hukum, dan faktor Pengalaman.</p><p><em><br /></em></p>
EX-HTI STRUGGLE IN PASURUAN: Reading the Pattern of Changes in the Strategy of the Ex-HTI Da'wah Struggle
Authors: Ulum Bakhrul 
Published: January 2022

Abstract: This paper discusses the pattern of changes in the ex-HTI da’wah strategy, which describes the process of ex-HTI struggle patterns in Pasuruan. This research is described qualitatively with a descriptive-analytical field study approach and data analysis techniques with the stages of data condensation, data display, and conclusion/verifying. The results of this study indicate that the ex-HTI da’wah struggle in Pasuruan continues to socialize the caliphate da’wah by utilizing digital media during the Covid-19 pandemic by utilizing elders as religious leaders, besides the pattern of changing its da’wah strategy by utilizing majelis taklim, “rumah inspirasi”, Bustanul Amilin institution, and also SDIT.الملخص:تناقش هذه الورقة نمط التغييرات في استراتيجية الدعوة السابقة للحزب الشيوعي الصيني الخلاصة: تناقش هذه الورقة نمط التغييرات في إستراتيجية الدعوة السابقة لحزب HTI ، والتي تصف عملية أنماط النضال السابقة لـ HTI في باسوروان. تم وصف هذا البحث نوعياً باستخدام منهج الدراسة الميدانية الوصفي التحليلي وتقنيات تحليل البيانات مع مراحل تكثيف البيانات وعرض البيانات والاستنتاج / التحقق. تشير نتائج هذه الدراسة إلى أن نضال الدعوة السابقين لحزب التحرير الإسلامي في باسوروان يستمر في التنشئة الاجتماعية لدعوة الخلافة من خلال استخدام الوسائط الرقمية خلال جائحة كوفيد -19 من خلال استخدام كبار السن كقادة دينيين ، إلى جانب نمط تغيير دعوتها. استراتيجية واه من خلال الاستفادة من مجلس التكليم ، "المؤسسات الملهمة أو البيوت" ، مؤسسة البستان الأميلين ، وكذلك SDIT.Abstrak: Tulisan ini membahas pola perubahan strategi dakwah eks-HTI yang tujuannya menggambarkan proses pola perjuangan eks-HTI di Pasuruan. Penelitian ini dijelaskan secara kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi lapangan secara deskriptif-analisis, dan Teknik analisis data dengan tahapan kondensasi data (data condentation), penjelas data (display data), dan kesimpulan/verifikasi (conclusion/verifying). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pola perjuangan eks-HTI masih terus berlanjut, seperti perjuangan dakwah eks-HTI di Pasuruan tetap mensosialisasikan dakwah khilafah dengan pemanfaatan media digital di masa pandemi Covid-19 dengan memanfaatkan para sepuh sebagai tokoh agama, selain itu pola perubahan strategi dakwahnya dengan memanfaatkan majelis taklim, “lembaga atau rumah inspirasi”, lembaga Bustanul Amilin, dan termasuk juga SDIT.
The Response of Southeast Asian and Indonesian Islamists to the Futuh of the Taliban: A Reflection
Authors: Sahrasad Herdi , Byhaqi Imron , Chaidar Al , Mulky Mohamad Asrori , Dar Mai 
Published: January 2022

This article explains the purpose of establishing the Taliban, namely to restore peace, enforce sharia law, and maintain the Islamic character of Afghanistan. However, in responding to the futuh (the revolution, the victory) of the Taliban victory in Afghanistan on 15-17 August 2021, the Indonesian and Southeast Asian Islamists show differences. Indonesian Islamists and some radical Islamists in Southeast Asia, for instance, such as sympathizers supporting ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria) actually show the opposite attitude. IS or better known as ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria) considers the Taliban as a sworn enemy and branded them as infidels even though they have the same belief. The Taliban reject terrorism, even fighting ISIS terrorism and the like. In general, however, the Islamists in Indonesia show no euphoric response to the fall of Kabul instead of a plain hope that the Taliban government is able to rebuild a sovereign, inclusive, dignified, just and prosperous Afghanistan.
Anthelmintic Drugs Resistance of Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Naturally Infected Goats in Haramaya, Ethiopia
Authors: Wondimu Anteneh , Bayu Yehualashet 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Gastrointestinal parasites and their anthelmintic resistance are major constraints to goat production in Ethiopia. Experimental investigation by faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) and larval cultures were used to assess the occurrence of anthelmintic resistance in naturally infected goats with gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) in Haramaya, Ethiopia. One hundred goats with a minimum of 150 eggs per gram (EPG) count were selected and randomly divided into five groups; 20 goats in each group; four treated and one untreated group. The result of the faecal egg count reduction test percentage (FECRT%) and the lower 95% confidence limit showed the presence of anthelmintic resistance for all tested drugs except tetramisole. FECRT% and lower 95% confidence limit were 69.9% and 36.9 for albendazole, 84.3% and 66.1 for tetraclozan, 95.7% and 87.4 for tetramisole and 71.1% and 38.2 for ivermectin respectively. Trichostrongylus, Teladorsagia and Haemonchus showed anthelmintic resistance for tested drugs. Coproculture from different treatment group revealed Trichostrongylus (69.2% in ivermectin and 59.6% in albendazole) were the predominant nematode followed by Teladorsagia (21.9% in albendazole and 14.7% in ivermectin). In tetraclozan treatment group, Trichostrongylus (42%) and Teladorsagia (41.3%) were comparable, followed by Haemonchus (13%). In group treated with tetramisole, Teladorsagia (54.3%) were the most frequently detected nematode followed by Trichostrongylus (25.7%) and Haemonchus (11.4%). Therefore, this study demonstrated the presence of multi-drug resistant nematodes that may limit the productivity of goats. Moreover, further studies covering wider areas of Ethiopia and mechanisms of nematode resistance need to be studied in future.
Enhanced Virtual Machine Placement in Cloud Data Centers: Combinations of Fuzzy Logic with Reinforcement Learning and Biogeography-Based Optimization (BBO) Algorithms
Authors: Ghasemi Arezoo , Haghighat Abolfazl Toroghi , Keshavarzi Amin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The process of mapping Virtual Machines (VMs) to Physical Ma- chines (PMs), which is deﬁned as VM placement, aﬀects Cloud Data Centers (DCs) performance. To enhance the performance, optimal placement of VMs regarding conﬂicting objectives has been proposed in some research, such as Multi-Objective VM reBalance (MOVMrB) and Reinforcement Learning VM reBalance (RLVMrB) in recent years. The MOVMrB algorithm is based on the BBO meta-heuristic algorithm and the RLVMrB algorithm inspired by reinforcement learning, which in both of them the non-dominance method is used to evaluate generated solutions. Although this approach reaches accept- able results, it fails to consider other solutions which are optimal regarding all objectives, when it meets the best solution based on one of these objectives. In this paper, we propose two enhanced multi-objective algorithms, Fuzzy- RLVMrB and Fuzzy-MOVMrB, that are able to consider all objectives when evaluating candidate solutions in solution space. All four algorithms aim to balance the load between VMs in terms of processor, bandwidth, and memory as well as horizontal and vertical load balance. We simulated all algorithms using the CloudSim simulator and compared them in terms of horizontal and vertical load balance and execution time. The simulation results show that Fuzzy-RLVMrB and Fuzzy-MOVMrB algorithms outperform RLVMrB and MOVMrB algorithms in terms of vertical load balancing and horizontal load balancing. Also, the RLVMrB and Fuzzy-RLVMrB algorithms are better in execution time than the MOVMrB and Fuzzy-MOVMrB algorithms.
Study on Monitoring Water Area in Irrigation Area by Local Space Self-correlation Index
Authors: su tao , Wang Jian , Cui Xingyuan , Wang Lei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Landsat remote sensing image is a widely used data source in water remote sensing. Normalized difference water index (NDWI), modified normalized difference water index (MNDWI) and automated water extraction index (AWEI) are commonly used water extraction classifiers. In the process of their application, because the threshold varies with the location and time of the research object, how to select the threshold with the highest classification accuracy is a time-consuming and challenging task. The purpose of this study was to explore a method that can not only improve the accuracy of water extraction, but also provide a fixed threshold, and can meet the requirements of automatic water extraction. We introduced the local spatial auto correlation statistics and calculate the Getis-Ord Gi* index to have hot spot analysis. Comparative analysis showed that the accuracy of water classification had been greatly improved through hot spot analysis. AWEIsh classifier had the best classification accuracy under the condition of INVERSE_DISTANCE neighborhood rule and Z>1.96, and the accuracy changes least in different time, different location and different vegetation coverage images. Therefore, in the process of regional water extraction, hot spot analysis method was effective, which was helpful to improve the accuracy of water extraction.
In Vitro Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Efficacy of Abrus Precatorius Seed Extracts on Hep2c Cells and its Inhibitory Efficacy with Receptors of Cervical Carcinoma
Authors: Kaur Amritpal , Sharma Yash , Waidha Kamran , Ghosh Madhumita P , Kumar Anoop , Bala Kumud 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Abrus precatorius is a widely distributed tropical medicinal plant with several therapeutic properties, however its seed extract has not been studied against cervical cancer (CaCx) till date. Herein, we have assessed the antioxidant and antiproliferative properties of A. precatorius seed extracts (ethyl acetate and 70% ethanol) prepared from different extraction methods (Soxhlet and maceration) against human cervix carcinoma cells (Hep2C). We observed a significantly higher total flavonoid content of APE (sox) i.e.,112.7±0.127 mg Quercetin Equivalent/g of extract than others; total phenolic content of APA (mac) seed extract was higher i.e.,108.53±0.089 mg Quercetin Equivalent/g of extract and total tannin content of APA (sox) was higher i.e., 98.98± 0.011 mg tannic acid equivalents/g of extract. In addition, tannic acid, rutin and piperine were identified in extracts by HPLC. Furthermore, APA (sox) exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 14.49±0.93µg/ml. APE (mac) showed the most significant antiproliferative activity with IC50 value of 85.90±0.93µg/mL against Hep2c cells. SOD and GST activity was observed as highest in the APA(Mac) extract whereas the catalase activity and GSH content was maximum in the APE(Mac) extract. Further, the MDA content was observed to be the least in APE(Mac) extracts. Docking results suggested maximum binding energy between tannic acid and Her2 receptor compared to doxorubicin (standard). This study provides evidence that A. precatorius seed extracts possess promising bioactive compounds with probable anticancer and antioxidant properties against CaCx which might be utilized as a possible herbal remedy aimed at restricting tumor growth.
Minimum Dietary Diversity and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Government Health Facilities of Soro District, Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Tadesse Tegegn , Beyamo Abera , Markos Yilma , Sulamo Dawit , Lema Lire , Handiso Mengistu , Abute Lonsako , Endale Fitsum 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Dietary diversity is a good proxy indicator for micronutrient adequacy in pregnant women. Despite some improvements in dietary intake among pregnant mothers, achieving the minimum dietary diversity among them is still a great challenge in Ethiopia. There are no enough studies done on minimum dietary diversity among pregnant women and factors identified were more of local based. Therefore this study determined the prevalence of minimum dietary diversity and its associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in government health facilities of Soro district, Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia.Methods: This is the facility based study conducted in government health facilities of Soro district, Hadiya Zone from Oct. 2020-Jan 2021. Cross sectional study design was undertaken by using systematic sampling on 422 pregnant women attending antenatal care. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to assess the association of independent variables with outcome variable.Result: From the total of the 422 study subjects, 416 pregnant women attending antenatal care were participated in the study and making the response rate 98.6 percent. The overall prevalence of pregnant mothers who have met the minimum dietary diversity was only 7.9%. Maternal educational status being grade nine above, eating meal more than three times per day and women being currently not married were factors found to be significantly associated with minimum dietary diversity among pregnant mothers attending antenatal care in government health facilities.Conclusion: The prevalence of the minimum dietary diversity among pregnant women attending ANC in public health facilities of Soro district was very low and far from national and international recommendations to enhance the maternal food diversity. Inter sectoral collaboration is very important to enhance the minimum dietary diversity during pregnancy and should be worked intensively and in an integrated manner.
Plasmonic Refractive Index Sensor and Plasmonic Bandpass Filter Including Waveguide and Four Teeth Based On Fano Resonances
Authors: Najjari Vahid , Mirzanejhad Saeed , Ghadi Amin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A plasmonic refractive index sensor including a Metal-Insulator-Metal waveguide (MIM) with four teeth is proposed. Transmittance (T), Sensitivity (S) and Figure of Merit (FOM) investigated numerically and analysed via Finite Difference Time Domain method (FDTD). The simulation results show the generation of double Fano resonances in the system that the resonance wavelength and the resonance line-shapes can be adjusted by changing the geometry of the device. By optimizing the structure in the initial configuration, the maximum sensitivity of 1078nm/RIU and FOM of 3.62×105 is achieved. Then change the structure parameters. In this case, the maximum sensitivity and FOM are 1041nm/RIU and 2.94×104 respectively, thus two detection points can be used for the refractive index sensor. Due to proper performance and adjustable Fano resonance points, this structure is significant for fabricating sensitive refractive index sensor and plasmonic bandpass filter.
The Long-Term Outcome of CyberKnife-Based Stereotactic Radiotherapy for Intra/ Extracranial Non-Vestibular Schwannomas: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Hong Sukwoo , Kagawa Kenji , Sato Kengo , Nomura Ryutaro , Ichi Shunsuke 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The long-term outcomes of CyberKnife-based hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) for intra/ extracranial non-vestibular schwannomas (nVS) need to be accumulated. Patients who received SRT by CyberKnife for nVS from 2010 to 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 45 patients with nVS were identified. The mean age was 53 (± 18) years old, and 23 patients (51%) were female. Twenty-nine patients (64%) had previous procedures. As for the tumor extension, 22 (49%) nVS were classified as primary intracranial, five (11%) were classified as intra/ extracranial (dumbbell shape), and 18 (40%) were classified as primary extracranial. The median prescribed dose, covering 95% of the planning target volume, was 21 (IQR 21 – 25) Gy, and the median target volume was 7 (IQR 3.6-13.1) cm3. The local control rate of nVS for patients without neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) was 100%. Old age (OR 0.92, p-value 0.03) and previous surgery (OR 0.02, p-value 0.02) were significant risk factors for no symptomatic improvement. The progression-free survival was 74 (±33) months clinically and 69 (IQR 36 – 94) months radiologically. During follow-up, two cases (4%) with NF2 resulted in treatment failure, 13 cases (41%) resulted in transient tumor expansion (TTE), 10 (22%) suffered from transient adverse radiation effect (ARE), and two (4%) resulted in permanent ARE. Hypofractionated SRT by CyberKnife for head, neck, and spine nVS was an effective treatment regardless of tumor extension relative to the cranium. Although the risk of permanent ARE was low, some patients experienced transient clinical worsening due to TTE.
Nonlinear Mixing of Two Laser Beams and THz Plasmons Generation in Graphene Coated Optical Fibre
Authors: Verma Neha , Govindan Anil , Kumar Pawan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Graphene is a most suitable material for Terahertz (THz) radiation generation. An efficient mechanism of THz surface plasmons (THz SPs) generation in graphene coated optical fibre by nonlinear mixing of two laser beams is proposed. The graphene coated fiber supports THz SPs with plasmon resonance in the THz regime and controllable by thickness of graphene and radius of optical fibre. The laser beams exert a difference frequency ponderomotive force on the electrons of the graphene. This ponderomotive force induces a nonlinear current in graphene which driving the difference frequency THz SPs. The normalized amplitude of THz SPs decreases with frequency as the nonlinear coupling gets weaker. The efficiency of the device is around 0.01% at a laser intensity of 3x1014 W/cm2. This scheme will be useful making the compact THz radiation source and THz plasmon sensor.
Systematic Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals the Prognostic Value and Immunological Role of EPHX2
Authors: Hu Weiquan , Zhao Qinfei , Xu Jing , Li Huaying , Zhu Longyu , Hu Suping , Li Juan , Chen Fangfang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Accumulating evidence indicates the essential role of EPHX2 in tumorigenesis. However, to date, no studies have performed a systematic evaluation of EPHX2 gene in human cancers and the predictive role of EPHX2 in cancer immunotherapy response has still not been explored.
Methods
In the present study, Oncomine, TIMER2, UALCAN, GEPIA2, PrognoScan, HPA and Kaplan-Meier Plotter database were utilized to comprehensively analyze the expression landscape and prognostic clinical value of EPHX2 across 33 human cancers. To gain a better understanding of the role of EPHX2 in cancer immunotherapy, the correlations between EPHX2 and tumor immune microenvironment (TME) such as immune cell infiltrations, immune modulators, and the major histocompatibility complex were demonstrated. The underlying EPHX2-associated signaling pathways in cancer were also analysed. Moreover, the correlation between EPHX2 and immunotherapeutic biomarkers such as tumor mutational burden (TMB) and microsatellite instability (MSI) was explored. At last, the potential immune checkpoint blockers (ICB) response was predicted using tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) algorithm.
Results
Overall, the mRNA expression of EPHX2 was significantly downregulated in the majority of tumors compared with normal tissues. Despite the significant prognostic value of EPHX2 expression across cancers, EPHX2 played a protective or detrimental role in different kinds of cancers. Generally speaking, immune cell infiltrations, immune modulators and immunotherapeutic biomarkers were all strongly related to the expression of EPHX2. Besides, EPHX2 expression was significantly related to immune-relevant pathways, especially in PAAD, THYM and UVM. Furthermore, our study demonstrated diverse response patterns of ICB in response to EPHX2 expression in different tumor types.
Conclusion
Our findings here suggest that EPHX2 could be a prognostic factor in multiple cancers and play an important role in tumor immunity by affecting infiltrating immune cells, TMB and MSI. This study provides further insight into the role of EPHX2 in tumor immunotherapy.