bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CD147 expression in breast cancer and its association with tumor clinicopathological features
Authors: Elmahdi Mohamed H. , Elfattah Fatma A.A. , Elhamid Alaa S.A. 
Published: February 2025

Background
Breast cancer (BC) is ranked first in frequently diagnosed tumors among women. In addition, it is the principal reason of deaths reported due to cancer. The cause of death is usually wide dissemination of the tumor. CD147 proteins were found to have a role in cancer development. The goal of this research is to assess the expression of CD147 in BC. In addition, we aim to detect the association between CD147 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of the tumor.

Materials and methods
The authors randomly included 50 BC specimens collected from the pathology laboratory of the Ahmed Maher Hospital and private laboratories. Their demographic and clinicopathologic data were extracted from medical records. The specimens were cut and stained with “hematoxylin and eosin” stains for histological evaluation. In addition, immunostaining of CD147 was applied.

Results
Of the cases, 48% showed a positive CD147 expression. Tumor type significantly correlated to CD147 expression, where invasive ductal carcinoma of no specific type had a higher rate of CD147 expression than the other histological types. CD147 expression was significantly elevated among specimens without necrosis. In addition, ER-negative cases, PR-negative cases, and HER2-negative cases showed high expression rates. In addition, cases with elevated levels of Ki-67 showed significantly more CD147 expression than those of low Ki-67 cases. CD147 showed no statistically significant correlation with age, tumor size, grading, staging, in-situ component, and multiplicity of masses.

Conclusion
Our results are in favor of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN, e.g. CD147) theory, where an extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer was detected in 49.8% of the cases. We also concluded that CD147 overexpression is significantly correlated with histological type, necrosis, immunohistochemical status, and Ki-67 levels. No other clinicopathological features were found to have an association with CD147 expression. The correlation of CD147 expression with survival should be further investigated. In addition, we recommend to address the possibility of targeting CD147 in treatment courses of BC.
Role of immunoglobulin G4 immunostaining of duodenal papillary tissue for diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis monitored anesthesia care in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography patients
Authors: Elkholy Shaimaa S. , Ehsan Nermine , Elazab Dina , Mohamady Mohamed , Sayed Eman , Elkhadary Sally W. , Abdelsameea Eman , Badra Gamal , Taie Doha M. 
Published: February 2025

Background
We aim to assess tissue immunoglobulin G4 (IGg4) in obstructive jaundiced patients following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography under monitored anesthesia care.

Patients and methods
Ketofol (1: 1) containing 2 ml ketamine (50 mg/ml) and 10 ml propofol (10 mg/ml) was titrated to maintain bispectral index (BIS) range of 60–70 in 24 patients receiving intravenous bolus doses of Ketofol (0.5 mg/kg ketamine and 0.5 mg/kg propofol). Clinical, laboratory, and radiological data were gathered. Immunohistochemistry staining of tissue IGg4 and histological evaluation of inflammation, dysplasia, and reactive atypia were estimated.

Results
Mean baseline values of heart rate, mean arterial pressure (MAP), oxygen saturation (O2 Sat), and BIS were (85.38±11.08 beat/min, 94.38±14.16 mmHg, 97.08±1.35%, and 94.75±1.45), respectively. Mean intraprocedure values of heart rate, MAP, O2 Sat, and BIS were (85.15± 10.20 beat/min, 85.86±13.35 mmHg, 97.42±1.27% and 65.44±2.86), respectively. Recovery time was (9.54 ±2.40 min). Only two (8.33%) patients developed desaturation, no patients developed bradyarrhythmia or hypotension. Patients showed IgG4 positive staining in cases that was significantly associated with reactive atypia.

Conclusion
IGg4-related illness should be evaluated in all cases with duodenal masses in which no cancer is identified. During endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, ketofol-guided BIS sedation elicited superior monitored anesthesia care with excellent safety, as seen by stable vital signs and absence of apparent problems.
Clinicopathological findings in relation to beclin-1 protein expression among patients with Juvenile/Hamartomatous Polyps
Authors: Elkholy Shimaa S. , El Gammal Shaymaa S. , Rizk Marwa S. , Elkhadry Sally W. , Abdallah Heba M. , Nagi Salma A.M. 
Published: February 2025

Background
Juvenile or hamartomatous polyps represent the most common pediatric polyps. Although neoplastic transformation in juvenile polyps is uncommon, dysplastic alterations were observed. The role of autophagy in hamartomatous lesions remains unclear.

Objectives
To assess the relationship between clinicopathological changes and beclin-1 protein expression among patients with juvenile/hamartomatous polyps.

Patients and methods
A total of 134 patients were enrolled in a case–control study: 63 cases of juvenile polyps, 59 colonic tissues as controls, and 12 colonic adenomas. All colonic tissues were subjected to immunohistochemistry testing of the beclin-1 protein. In juvenile polyps, the expression of beclin 1 was associated with available clinicopathological characteristics as well as the expression of SMAD family member 4 (SMAD4) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR).

Results
One-third of juvenile polyps exhibited indefinite dysplastic changes. Beclin-1 shows significantly lower expression in juvenile polyps compared with controls (P=0.002). There was a trend of high beclin-1 expression in juvenile polyp/indefinite dysplasia compared with their counterpart lacking dysplasia (P=0.066). Beclin-1 expression did not significantly differ between adenomatous and juvenile polyp/indefinite dysplasia groups (P=0.28). Loss of beclin-1 expression was associated with lower SMAD4 and PDGFR expression (P=0.002 and P=0.001, respectively).

Conclusions
Beclin-1 expression is low in juvenile polyps, which could be dependent on SMAD4 and PDGFR expression. When compared with cases with indefinite dysplasia and adenomas, beclin-1 loss in juvenile polyps could be an early sign of neoplastic changes.
Mi-OCT assisted endothelial keratoplasty in buphthalmic eyes- 2 year outcomes
Authors: Lata Suman , Asif Mohamed Ibrahime , Kalra Nidhi , Sinha Rajesh , Agarwal Tushar , Maharana Prafulla Kumar , Titiyal Jeewan S , Sharma Namrata 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
To describe long-term outcomes of posterior lamellar [Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) and non-Descemet stripping (n-DSAEK)] and the role of microscope-integrated optical coherence tomography (Mi-OCT) in buphthalmic eyes.

Design:
Retrospective study.

Methods:
The medical records of all patients who were diagnosed with buphthalmos and underwent Mi-OCT-guided standard DSAEK/n-DSAEK since 2015 were evaluated. Intraoperative difficulties, graft survival, and complications were recorded.

Results:
A total of 16 eyes of 16 patients (10 males; 6 females) with a mean age of 9.96 + 6.54 years and a mean follow-up of 24.46 + 7.76 months were evaluated. The mean preoperative acuity was 2.03 + 0.39 log MAR, and the mean corneal diameter was 12.89 + 1.0 mm with a corneal thickness of 874.53 + 105 microns. Ten eyes had a clear lens, two had cataracts, three were aphakic, and one was pseudophakic. Descemet membrane scoring was performed in 10 eyes. The mean donor graft size was 9.14 ± 0.30 mm with a lenticule thickness of 135.9 + 44.54 microns. Intraoperatively, all the grafts were attached on Mi-OCT. The final mean acuity was 1.72 + 0.4 log MAR, and the corneal thickness was 596.18 + 89.12. Graft detachment was seen in the immediate postoperative period in 4 eyes that required rebubbling. Two eyes showed pupillary block that was conservatively managed. Following DSAEK, the cornea cleared at 1 month in 81.25% of eyes. One graft failed at the final follow-up. The mean endothelial loss at final follow-up was 29.1%.

Conclusion:
Primary DSAEK is a preferred surgical technique for buphthalmic eyes with compromised corneas. Mi-OCT could be useful in these eyes for various intraoperative maneuvers and to assess graft status thereby improving the outcomes of the procedure.
Percentage macular ganglion cell complex and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer loss in different stages of glaucoma
Authors: Zalak Shah , Ramanjit Sihota , Swarnali Sen Ray , Samiksha Choudhary , Jasleen Dhillon 
Published: February 2025

Purpose:
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the percentage differences in ganglion cell complex (GCC) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) parameters in fellow eyes of the same patient with varying severities of glaucomatous damage. As only the eyes of the same patient with different severities of glaucoma were included in the present study, it could be inferred that the difference in parameters represents the loss leading to the next stage of glaucoma.

Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study of 136 adult primary glaucoma eyes of 68 patients. They were divided as follows: Group 1 – normal visual field in one eye and superior nasal step, (mild), in the other, Group 2 – superior nasal step in one eye and superior arcuate scotoma, (moderate) in the other, and Group 3 – superior arcuate scotoma in one eye and biarcuate scotoma, (severe) in the other. GCC and pRNFL measurements on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) were statistically assessed as applicable.

Results:
The percentage difference in GCC parameters in fellow eyes from normal field to mild, mild to moderate, and moderate to severe glaucoma in average GCC was 10.04 ± 6.33%, (P = 0.0001), 15.77 ± 9.62%, (P = 0.0001), and 9.06 ± 6.41%, (P = 0.021); in inferior GCC, it was 13.25 ± 8.7%, (P = 0.0002), 18.94 ± 12,61%, (P = 0.0001), and 9.02 ± 6.92%, (P = 0.658), and in superior GCC, it was 7.42 ± 5.79%, (P = 0.002) 15.31 ± 11.07%, (P = 0.004), and 11.23 ± 9.82%,(P = 0.003), respectively. The percentage difference in average pRNFL of fellow eyes from normal field to mild, mild to moderate, and moderate to severe glaucoma in was 16.9 ± 9.85%, (P = 0.001), 18.23 ± 10.47%, (P < 0.0001), and 9.0 ± 7.35%, (P = 0.0004); in inferior pRNFL, it was 18.76 ± 12.38%, (P = 0.001), 19.6 ± 10.3%, (P < 0.0001), and 8.41 ± 7.3%, (P = 0.019), and in superior pRNFL, it was 15.3 ± 9.8%, (P = 0.015), 18.24 ± 13.56%, (P = 0.0003), and 11.46 ± 9.74%, (P = 0.001), respectively. A total of 136 eyes were regrouped by glaucoma severity, and in mild, moderate, and severe glaucoma subgroups. The percentage difference in average GCC was 11.01 ± 9.07%, 17.53 ± 11.29%, and 18.48 ± 11.69%.

Conclusion:
A percentage difference of GCC and pRNFL values could be used for both diagnosis and progression of glaucoma.
Comparison of postoperative cyclosporine 2.0% versus betamethasone 0.1% eye drops following trabeculectomy: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Babaei Esmaeil , Eslampoor Alireza , Daneshvar Ramin 
Published: February 2025

Purpose:
To investigate the effect of cyclosporine A 2% eye drop following trabeculectomy on intraocular pressure (IOP) and surgical success compared to postoperative steroid drop.

Study Design:
Prospective, randomized clinical trial in an institutional setting.

Methods: Patients:
Forty patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and candidates for trabeculectomy were included in this study. Standard fornix-based trabeculectomy augmented with mitomycin C was performed for all patients. None of the included subjects had a history of prior laser or intraocular surgery in that eye.

Intervention:
All included subjects were randomly assigned to either postoperative cyclosporine A 2% or betamethasone 0.1% eye drops.

Main Outcome Measures:
IOP measured by applanation tonometer and surgical success rate.

Results:
Seventy-five potentially eligible POAG patients were seen during the study period, and 40 met the study criteria and were randomly assigned to one of the study groups. Patients in the cyclosporine A 2% group had consistently lower IOP, fewer glaucoma medications, and higher success rates for at least 24 months after surgery (P < 0.0001). Complete success was more frequent in the cyclosporine group. Moreover, the cyclosporine A group had more diffuse and elevated bleb with less vascularity in the first 3 months after surgery (P ≤ 0.01). This was paralleled with fewer dry eye signs and symptoms in the cyclosporine group in the first 3 months (P < 0.03).

Conclusion:
Postoperative cyclosporine A 2% eye drop can be used instead of steroid drops and is associated with improved surgical success and decreased dry eye manifestations.
Effect of Otago Exercises versus Square-Stepping Exercises on Balance, Fall, and Functional Activities in Geriatric Individuals with Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Gohil Divya , Chudiwal Ratnaprabha , Baxi Gaurang , Kamble Sanjivani , Rathi Manisha , Telang-Chaudhari Shweta , Palekar Tushar 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease that leads to disability. The prevalence of symptomatic knee OA is approximately 22% to 39% in India, which causes significant morbidity and impairment in elderly individuals.

Objective:
To study the effects of Otago exercise versus square-stepping exercises (SSEs) on balance, fall, and functional activities in geriatric individuals with OA knee.

Methods:
A study was carried out at Pune among 40 geriatric individuals with age over 65 years. The individuals were assigned at random to the Otago exercise group or SSE. Both groups performed exercises for 40–45 min for 10 days. The primary outcome was balance, which was measured by the Berg Balance Scale and Limits of Stability test. The secondary outcomes were risk of fall, measured by the Morse fall scale and functional activity, measured by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) scale.

Results:
Both the groups showed significant differences post intervention within the groups (P < 0.05). Between-group analysis showed that the Otago exercise group showed a higher mean difference in the primary outcomes that is in the Berg Balance Scale (19.25 > 15.24) and limits of stability. The SSE group showed a higher mean difference in Morse fall scale (18.81 > 8.8) and WOMAC scale (18.81 > 8.8).

Conclusion:
The study concluded that, in older patients with OA knee, Otago exercise is more successful at enhancing balance but SSE is more effective at enhancing fall risk and functional activity.
Beyond Acute Appendicitis: Insights into the Diverse World of Appendix Pathology
Authors: Dharwadkar Arpana , Kundlia Aakriti , Vishwanathan Vidya , Ingale Yamini , Kamble Tushar 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Appendiceal conditions continue to present diagnostic challenges due to their variable clinical presentations and the complex interplay of demographic factors. This study aims to provide a thorough analysis of the prevalence, gender distribution, and histopathological characteristics of appendiceal conditions with more attention toward mucinous lesions.

Methods:
A detailed examination of 380 appendectomy specimens was conducted, encompassing demographic and histopathological data. Clinical diagnoses, radiological findings, and histopathological results were scrutinized to identify trends and challenges in diagnosing appendiceal conditions.

Results:
The study unveiled a significant prevalence of appendectomies within the “21-30 years” age-group, with a pronounced male predominance (62.63%). The most prevalent diagnosis was “Acute Appendicitis” (66.32% of cases), followed by “Chronic Appendicitis” (27.37%). Notably, mucinous lesions represented 1.57% of cases, with a distinct female predominance. All six cases were reported as low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm (LAMN). LAMN was the common mucinous neoplasm in our study clinically presenting as acute abdomen and radiology having varied diagnosis. It accounted for 1.57% of cases with female predominance. Mucinous lesions presented with diverse clinical and radiological characteristics and were mostly diagnosed incidentally during appendectomy. The definitive diagnosis of rare mucinous lesion was achieved through histopathological analysis.

Conclusion:
While the main cause for acute abdomen is acute appendicitis, this study emphasizes the necessity of histopathological analysis to achieve precise diagnoses of appendiceal conditions, particularly mucinous lesions that can masquerade as acute conditions. The study emphasizes the challenges in diagnosing mucinous lesions accurately in cases with varied clinical and radiological presentations, underlining the indispensable role of histopathological examination. The findings affirm the pivotal role of histopathology in ensuring accurate clinical management and treatment decisions.
Clinico-bacteriological Profile and Outcome of Empyema Thoracis in Children from a Tertiary Care Center in Eastern India
Authors: Rup Amit Ranjan , Dash Arun Kumar , Gudu Rama Krushna , Mohapatra Subrata Kumar , Sahu Sanjay Kumar , Behera Jyoti Ranjan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Empyema thoracis is a complication of bacterial pneumonia, which can cause significant morbidity and mortality in children. Timely diagnosis and adequate treatment of pneumonia is essential.

Objective:
To determine clinico-bacteriological profile of children admitted with empyema thoracis and to study their outcome and short-term follow-up.

Materials and Methods:
This study was a prospective observational study, performed in age group of 1 month to 14 years admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Odisha over a period of 3 years (March 2020 to February 2023).

Results:
Of 95 patients, most (45) were of age from 1 to 5 years with a mean age of 68.46 ± 39.33 months and male to female ratio of 1.3:1. The peak of cases was seen during the month of March to July. Most common presentation was fever (99%) followed by cough (97%). On pleural fluid analysis organisms were isolated in 45 cases, staphylococcus aureus being commonest (21). Eighty children (84.5%) were treated with antibiotics and intercostal drainage tube, whereas 8 cases (8.5%) needed aspiration and antibiotics. Seven cases (7%) required surgical treatment in the form of decortication or thoracotomy and Video Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS). Most common complication was pyopneumothorax, found in 34 cases (36%). Out of 95, 81 (85.3%) were cured, 3(3.2%) died and 4 (4.2%) left against medical advice. Four cases at 15 days follow-up and 2 cases at 2 months follow-up showed restrictive pattern of Pulmonary Function Test.

Conclusion:
Empyema thoracis in children is a dreaded complication of pneumonia. Early diagnosis and effective treatment of pneumonia can decrease morbidity and mortality.
To Quantify the Prognostic Impact of Pretreatment Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) on Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Vashisth Rekha S , Sarin Arti , Mukandan Hari , Gahlot Gaurav PS , Bisht Niharika , Gahlot Beenu S , Taneja Sachin , Vats Pankaj 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been reported to be associated with survival in solid malignancies. We investigated the prognostic value of NLR with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) managed with primary or adjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review of consecutive patients with HNSCC was performed. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis curve was used for overall survival. Univariate and multivariate cox proportional hazard regression was used to find out the factors affecting overall survival and recurrence.

Result:
We analyzed 111 patients treated from January 1, 2014 to January 1, 2017. The median follow-up was 32 months. Higher NLR was associated with poor overall survival (95% confidence interval 0.796 to 0.929; P = <.0001) and higher rate of recurrence (95% confidence interval 0.596–0.776, P = <.0007).

Conclusion:
Our data suggest that in HNSCC, NLR level is an independent predictor of poor prognosis. The NLR ratio is a readily available variable that can serve as a potent marker for risk stratification.
Improvement in Associated Symptoms and Urodynamic Status After Corrective Surgery in Pelvic Organ Prolapse Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Kolkata: An Analytical Study
Authors: Khawas Papiya , Bandyopadhyay Sambhunath , Choudhury Sunirmal , Mishra Ankita , Maji Debashis 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Patients of uterovaginal prolapse present with lower urinary tract symptoms, which can be corrected through surgical repair of the pelvic floor.

Objectives:
To compare the associated symptoms and urodynamic status of patients with pelvic organ prolapse attending the emergency and outpatient departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology at a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata before and after corrective surgery.

Materials and Methods:
An analytical study with longitudinal design was conducted on 39 patients with POP attending emergency and outpatient departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology at a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata. Data were collected by face-to-face interview, vaginal examination, and urodynamic studies. The preoperative and postoperative findings were compared using descriptive and inferential statistics. A P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
Dysuria was the only symptom, which worsened postcorrective surgery. There was a statistically significant improvement (P < 0.05) in frequency, nocturia, urgency, straining, hesitancy, pelvic pain, and incomplete defecation. A significant recovery (P < 0.05) in the urodynamic status was noted in the postoperative period.

Conclusion:
After corrective surgery, there was an improvement in associated symptoms and urodynamic status of patients with pelvic organ prolapsed.
Pengaruh Citra Merek, Kualitas Produk, Harga Dan Promosi Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Pasta Gigi Ciptadent Di Kota Padang
Authors: Gemilang Adam , Abdilla Mohammad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This research was conducted to find out how brand image, product quality, price and promotion influence the purchasing decision of Ciptadent toothpaste in the city of Padang. This research method is a quantitative research method with a sample size of 138 respondents. Sampling used a non-probability sampling technique with a purposive sampling method. The research results show that brand image (X1) influences purchasing decisions (Y), product quality (X2) influences purchasing decisions (Y), price (X3) influences purchasing decisions (Y), promotion (X4) influences purchasing decisions (Y), and overall, brand image, product quality, price and promotion influence purchasing decisions (Y).

Abstrak
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh citra merek, kualitas produk, harga dan promosi terhadap keputusan pembelian pasta gigi ciptadent di kota padang. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 138 responden. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik non probability sampling dengan metode purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa citra merek (X1) berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian (Y), kualitas produk (X2) berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian (Y), harga (X3) berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian (Y), promosi (X4) berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian (Y), dan secara keseluruhan, citra merek, kualitas produk, harga dan promosi berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian (Y).