bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of A Reduction of Dialysate Calcium on Diastolic Function in Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis: A Prospective Study
Authors: Piraciaba Maria Clara Teixeira , de Macedo Thiago Andrade , Guimarães Erica Adelina , Abensur Hugo , Pereira Benedito Jorge , Consolim-Colombo Fernanda M. , Moysés Rosa Maria Affonso , Elias Rosilene Motta 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). The standard dialysate calcium content -d[Ca]- of 1.75mmol/L affects calcium balance, promoting calcium overload and impairing ventricular relaxation. Intracellular calcium handling might cause diastolic dysfunction (DD). We tested the hypothesis that reducing d[Ca] in patients on PD would improve DD.
Methods

d[Ca] was reduced from 1.75 mmol/L to 1.25 mmol/L. Two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography was performed by a well-trained cardiologist at baseline and after 3 months. DD was determined according to the peak E-wave and peak A-wave velocities, wave deceleration time, and the duration of wave A. Diastolic function was normal, DD-1 (impaired ventricular relaxation), and DD-2 (restrictive pattern). Demographic, clinical, and biochemical parameters were evaluated.
Results

We included 19 patients (age 55 ± 17 years, 57.9% women, 21.1% diabetic, 84.2% on automatic PD). From baseline to 3 months, there was no change in any biochemical parameter. Left ventricular ejection fraction remained stable (from 58.4 ± 7.7 to 56.5 ± 8.1, p=0.192). Diastolic function classified at baseline as normal, DD-1 and DD-2 changed from 21.1%, 52.6% and 26.3–31.6%, 47.4% and 21.1% after 3 months, respectively, p=0.001). Increased filling pressure changed from 21.1–5.3% of patients (p=0.051).
Conclusions

Low d[Ca] could improve DD in patients on PD. This result might be related to a new set point of calcium myocardium homeostasis in these patients. Whether low d[Ca] may detain the development of heart failure and reduce cardiovascular in this population deserves further investigation.
Ethiopian Religious Faith Leaders’ Views on the Ethics of Abortion,’’Hard Cases’’ and the 2005 Abortion Law
Authors: Ewnetu Demelash Bezabih 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background-Orthodox Christianity and Islam co-existed in Ethiopia for more than a thousand year.Their coexistence is a symbol of tolerance in a multi-ethnic and language diverse country. These two religions strive for the common good of human life and wellbeing, but differ in some of their ethical views. Even though abortion is condemned generally by these two religions, there is a need to know their views when there are ‘hard cases’ of abortion. We aim to explore the views and stance of religious faith leaders about the ethics of abortion, views on ’hard cases’ (specific cases were allowed by the law) of induced abortion and the 2005 abortion law. Method- In-depth interviews were conducted with a total of 12 religious faith leaders (scholars) of which 7 were Christians and 5 were Muslims. Analysis was made using systematic text condensation. Results -diverse views on ’’hard cases’’ of abortion were expressed by faith leaders from these two monotheistic religions. While in general Christians (Megabie Hadith and/or Megabie Biluy) base their argument on the Holy Scriptures/Image Theology and Tradition, Muslims base their argument on the Holy Quran and Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh). ‘Abortion’ is a closed agenda for faith leaders in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church (EOTC). That is, they don’t want to discuss or debate publicly about this issue with civil society or health care professionals. Islam however welcome dialogue on these special cases ‘ hard case’referred to in the 2005 abortion law. Conclusion-while a strong, diversified, yet conservative attitude is observed from the EOTC scholars, a relatively moderate but consistent stance is seen from Islamic side. Leaders of both faith traditions , however claim that protection of the embryo must start from the moment of conception.
Non-pharmacological interventions for reducing fear and anxiety in patients undergoing third molar extraction under local anesthesia: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wong Natalie Sui Miu , YEUNG Andy Wai Kan , LI Kar Yan , MCGRATH Colman Patrick , LEUNG Yiu Yan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for reducing dental fear and anxiety in patients undergoing third molar extraction under local anesthesia.
Materials and Methods
Multiple electronic databases were searched for articles published in English. Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials reporting the effectiveness of any non-pharmacological interventions on reducing fear or anxiety level in patients with third molar extraction. A total of 3015 studies by electronic search and 2 studies by hand search were identified. After removal of duplication, screening of title and abstract, and assessment of full text, 21 studies were eligible for systematic review. Seven studies were included in the meta-analysis. A total of 1843 study participants composed the sample of the systematic review. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment of the included studies were performed by two independent investigators. Quality assessment was performed by using the Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials.
Results
The anxiety level after intervention in each study were pooled and meta-analyzed by random-effect model. Significant reduction of anxiety level was observed in non-pharmacological interventions groups (SMD = -0.32, 95% CI -0.57 to -0.07, P = 0.01). Subgroup analyses showed that a significant anxiety reduction by non-pharmacological interventions could be demonstrated by pooled data from studies using psychometric assessments, but not from studies using physiological assessments.
Conclusions
Non-pharmacological interventions appear to reduce fear and anxiety level in patient undergoing third molar extraction under local anesthesia.
Clinical Relevance:
Evidence suggests fear in third molar extraction bring negative impacts on both oral health and psychosocial well-being. The use of non-pharmacological intervention as an adjunct of local anesthesia should be considered in dental care setting.
Estimation of Chlorophyll-a, TSM and Salinity in Mangrove Dominated Tropical Estuarine Areas of Hooghly River, North East Coast of Bay of Bengal, India Using Sentinel-3 Data
Authors: Mondal Ismail , De Aakash , Nandi Subhanil , Thakur Sandeep , Raman Mini , De Tarun Kumar 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study aims to explore the variations in spatio-temporal characteristics of water quality factors of three estuaries in the western portion of the Indian Sundarbans. Reliable retrieval of near surface concentrations of parameters such as Chlorophyll-a, SST & TSM in various aquatic ecosystems with broad ranges of trophic needs has always remained a complex issue. In this study the application of C2RCC processor has been tested for its accuracy across different bio optical regimes in inland & coastal waters. Satellite images for the same period were also collected and analysed using the C2RCC processing sequence to retrieve values of factors like the depth of water, surface reflectance, water temperature, inherent optical properties (IOPs), chlorophyll-a, salinity and total suspended matter (TSM) using the SNAP software. During the 2017-2020 season, in situ sampling from specific locations and laboratory water quality analysis were carried out. The OLCI retrieved results were then trained and corroborated by means of the in situ datasets. It was observed that the highest amount of TSM was recorded in Diamond Harbour during the pre-monsoon, in the year 2018 (301.40 mgL-1 in-situ value, and 308.54 mg L-1 estimated value). Similarly, chlorophyll-a had higher concentrations through the monsoon season (3.03 mg m-3, in-situ, and 2.96 mg m-3, estimated) in Fraserganj and Sagar south points. Very good fitted correlation results for all seasons between Chl-a, r = 0.829 and TSM, r = 0.924 remained established throughout the comparisons of OLCI and in situ results. The high level of correlation highlights the importance of both primary as well as secondary information in understanding any dynamic system properly. Finally, the result shows that the water quality model outperforms conventional techniques and OLCI chl-a and TSM products. This paper empirically investigates a reliable remote sensing method for estimating coastal TSM and chl-a concentrations and supports the use of OLCI data in ocean colour remote sensing.
Pyramiding Three QTL Improved Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)
Authors: Hu Wenjing , Fu Luping , Gao Derong , Zhang Yong , Zhang Chunmei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a destructive fungal disease and a major threat to wheat production and food safety worldwide. Mapping of FHB-resistant quantitative trait loci (QTL) has facilitated marker-assisted breeding (MAS). To make better use of the genes/loci from different resistant sources, it is desirable to understand their combined effects on FHB resistance and agronomic traits in different genetic backgrounds. In this study, several FHB resistant donors were first characterized, including Yangmai 18 (YM18) with Fhb1, Zhenmai 9 (ZM9) and Yangmai 16 (YM16) both with QFhb.yaas-2DL and QFhb.yaas-3BL, Ningmai 13 (NM13) with Fhb1 and QFhb.yaas-3BL. TaHRC-KASP, KASP-QFhb-2DL and KASP-QFhb-3BL were used for Fhb1, QFhb.yaas-2DL and QFhb.yaas-3BL, respectively, and they were screened in 77 cultivars/lines. Using the three KASP markers, we developed three RIL populations using MAS from crosses YM18/ZM9, YM18/YM16 and YM18/NM13. F5 populations were investigated for their FHB severity, along with major agronomic traits. Of these three QTL, Fhb1 was the most effective in reducing FHB damage, followed by QFhb.yaas-2DL and QFhb.yaas-3BL. The lines with all three QTL showed significantly more strong resistance than those with only two or one QTL. Fhb1 might have negative effect on kernel number per spike (NKS), but not have significant effect on thousand kernel weight (TKW) and yield. On the other hand, QFhb.yaas-3BL might have positive effect on TKW and yield, and QFhb.yaas-2DL might have positive effect on spike number per plant (NSP) and yield. The addition of these two or three QTL shows positive effects on yield under different genetic backgrounds. Three elite lines, YM18/ZM9-12, YM18/YM16-18 and YM18/YM16-22, with similar FHB resistance to Sumai 3 (SM3) and superior yield to Yangmai 20 (YM20) across multiple environments, have the potential to be released as commercial varieties.
The Spreads and the Uniqueness of the Controversial Toxic Pharmaceutic Contrast Agents and Their Remediation.
Authors: Ahmad Abdul Latif , Oluwasola Ebenezer Idowu , Ismail Suzylawati , Noor Fazliani Shoparwe 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The ongoing gadolinium toxicity concerns have resulted in progressive regulations and restrictions of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs). However, there are no regulations regulating Gd levels in the water sector to date. Therefore, the fast spreading of the anthropogenic Gd in the various hydrosphere, which serves as a source of drinking water for the populace, is worrisome. Evidently, with no hope of breaking this increasing trend any time soon due to the increasing demand for MRI administration. Sadly, conventional wastewater and advanced water treatment do not adequately remove GBCAs from water. Instead, it risks transforming them into a more toxic Gd from its chelated complex through unintentional degradation. This transformation led to undue exposure to its potential ecotoxicity and adverse human health effects like acute renal adverse reactions, acute non-renal adverse reactions, body pains, chronic skin changes, twitching or weakness, chronic eyes, and cognitive, flu-like symptoms, and digestive symptoms. Therefore, an affordable and manageable hybrid water treatment system is proposed suitable for reclamation of free and chelated Gd in aquatic environments.
El-Nino, La-Nina and Non-Active ENSO Events Relation with Solar Activity in the Perspective of Markov Process
Authors: Akhter Muhammad Fahim , Abbas Shaheen , Hassan Danish 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Past investigations have been done against the sun powered atmosphere relationship and discovered huge comprehension between them. Our goal is to comprehend the sun based atmosphere progress with the assistance of Markov chain lattices. In that association we utilized solar (CI) and climate(ENSO) dataset from 1950 to 2016. All through the period atmosphere information are conveyed into El Nino, La Nino and non-active(ENSO) occasions and discovered solid connection with related CI information. The critical solid 2-dimensional correlation supported connection between El Nino and non-active(ENSO) with related CI networks (0.9865 and 0.8358) separately. So additionally, both El Nino and non-active(ENSO) with contrasting CI shows the higher number of visits in state 3 while La Nino shows a higher number of visits in state 1. Our examination shows the Markov cycle and embraced the main request Markov chain property for CI, El-Nino, La Nina and Non-active(ENSO) boundaries. The obtained results transitional probabilities of climate events with solar activity may be helpful to understand the future variation of events chances using Markov technique.
Maps highlight urban-rural differences in achieving Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Tian Yunyu , Tsendbazar N. E. , Leeuwen Eveline van , Herold Martin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Land use efficiency, energy efficiency, and air quality are key indicators when assessing urban-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), yet recent trends and trade-offs in and around urban areas worldwide remain largely unknown. We use an Earth Observation approach to map the land-energy-air sustainability nexus and highlight distinct urban-rural gradients worldwide (2000–2015). In the Global South, urban areas perform relatively better in land-energy-air sustainability trends than rural areas, which are the least sustainable in our global comparative analysis. Comparatively, urban areas in the Global North tend to be less sustainable than their surrounding rural regions. Trade-offs among land-energy-air trends are mostly related to energy efficiency versus air quality in urban areas, while trade-offs between land use efficiency and the other two SDGs (energy-air) are more pronounced in rural areas. Integrating satellite-data is crucial for tracking the progress of the land-energy-air nexus and can guide context-specific strategies to account for urban-rural differences in achieving sustainability and creating more liveable environments for improving human wellbeing.
Monitoring of changes in illicit drugs, alcohol, and nicotine consumption during Ramadan by wastewater analysis
Authors: Guzel Evsen Yavuz 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Illicit drug use is a global problem and represents social, economic, and health burden on society. Wastewater-based epidemiology is an approach based on calculating the consumption of substances in the target population by analyzing the concentrations of human metabolic excretion products of licit and illicit substances in wastewater. The relationship between Ramadan and the consumption of illicit drugs, alcohol, and nicotine (cocaine, benzoylecgonine, amphetamine-like stimulants (amphetamine, methamphetamine, extacy (3,4-Methyl​enedioxy​methamphetamine)), opiates (morphine and heroine); marijuana (THC-COOH); ethyl sulfate and cotinine) was discussed based on the wastewater analysis results. This study aims to estimate the changes in the consumption of illicit drugs, alcohol, and nicotine in Adana Province during Ramadan as compared to normal periods using wastewater-based epidemiology. An overall decrease was observed fort he Ramadan Period, most strongly for ecstasy (29%) followed by heroin (19%). For cocaine, the variation was slightest (8.6%). For ecstasy, heroin, nicotine, and alcohol the differences were statistically significant but not for cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, and marijuana. The study presented firstly data about the number of illicit drug, alcohol and nicotine users during and after Ramadan.
Aberrant Neural Activity in Prefrontal Pyramidal Neurons Lacking TDP-43 Precedes Neuron loss
Authors: Liang Bo , Thapa Rashmi , Zhang Gracie , Moffitt Casey , Zhang Yan , Zhang Lifeng , Johnston Amanda , Ruby Hyrum P. , Barbera Giovanni , Wong Philip C. , Zhang Zhaojie , Lin Da-Ting , Li Yun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background:

Mislocalization of TAR DNA binding protein 43 kDa (TAPDBP, or TDP-43) is a principle pathological hallmark identified in cases of neurodegenerative disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). As an RNA binding protein, TDP-43 serves in the nuclear compartment to repress nonconserved cryptic exons to ensure the generation of a normal transcriptome. Since nuclear depletion of TDP-43 is frequently observed independent of its cytosolic accumulation, a loss-of-function mechanism has been proposed to contribute to neurodegeneration. Multiple lines of evidence from animal models and human studies support the view that loss of TDP-43 leads to neuron loss, independent of its cytosolic aggregation. However, the underlying pathogenic pathways driven by the loss-of-function mechanism are still poorly defined.
Methods:

We employed a genetic approach to determine the impact of TDP-43 loss in pyramidal neurons of the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Young adult male homozygous floxed Tdp-43F/F mice were bilaterally injected into the PFC with mixed viruses containing a Cre virus driven by the CaMKII promoter and a Cre-dependent virus expressing a genetically encoded green fluorescent calcium indicator, GCaMP6f. This approach allowed us to specifically deplete TDP-43 and express GCaMP6f in pyramidal neurons of the PFC. We also bilaterally injected a virus expressing GCaMP6f driven by the CaMKII promoter into the PFC of age-matched male Tdp-43F/F mice as controls. Using a custom-built miniscope imaging system, we performed repetitive in vivo calcium imaging from freely behaving mice for up to 7 months, to monitor the dynamic changes of calcium activity in PFC pyramidal neurons of TDP-43 depleted and TDP-43 intact mice.
Results:

By comparing calcium activity in PFC pyramidal neurons between TDP-43 depleted and TDP-43 intact mice, we demonstrated remarkably increased numbers of pyramidal neurons exhibiting hyperactive calcium activity after short-term TDP-43 depletion, followed by rapid activity declines during disease progression. We further demonstrated that long-term TDP-43 depletion was accompanied by a significant reduction in neuron numbers and increased gliosis in the PFC.
Conclusions:

Our results suggest that TDP-43 loss-of-function drives dynamic changes in neural activity prior to neurodegeneration, highlighting the role of aberrant neural activity and dysfunctional calcium signaling in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases including ALS and FTD.
Migene: an Evidence-based Database of Genes and Phenotypes of Male Infertility
Authors: Jiang Taijiao , Guo Xiangzhe , Peng Fujun , Chen Tianrui , Li Honglei , He Liting , Xiao Lin , Ma Xiuwei , Dai Songchen , Li Shaoping , Yuan Shang , Wang Tong , Zhao Kai 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Male infertility (MI) is a disease with high heterogeneity. Its direct cause is spermatogenic failure, which lead to sperm abnormalities and quality deterioration in semen, and ultimately infertility, of which genetic factors account for about 30 percent. Although some knowledge bases had established the correlation between genetic factors and MI/spermatogenesis, they did not highlight the relationship between gene mutations and MI phenotypes, and even some had stopped updating. Meanwhile, a large mass of genotypes and phenotypes data were scattered and not effectively utilized with the wide application of high-throughput sequencing technology in MI research. To address these tough issues, a MIgene database (http://midb.geneworks.cn) was built through integrating existing data of gene-phenotypic MI from 989 literatures in PubMed and Medline database. A total of 22 information including 18 direct entries and 4 extended entries were extracted, filtered, and curated using bioinformatical and manual methods, resulting in 664 genes, 68 (standard) phenotypes (classified into 37 categories), 3606 mutants and 7985 studies in MIgene database. It was a web-accessible data repository and offered four search moles and six modules covering the genes, phenotypes, proteins, functions, homologous, cases, etc. Interestingly, many non-exonic variants could cause the MI, the same mutation could increase or decrease the MI in different phenotypes and races, the degree of gene-phenotypic association was presented by the enrichment analyses based on the principle of hypergeometric distribution. In general, MIgene not only had user-friendly interface for concise search, convenient browse, and customized downloads, but also provides early warning of disease risk and assist clinicians in timely diagnosis.
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Yunnan Rice Landraces and Disease Resistance Assessment
Authors: Yang Nan , HE PING , Chen Kaixi , Zhang Wenlong , Li Yongcheng , Yang Qinzhong , Wang Yunyue , Wang Zhe , Han Guangyu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Rice landraces are important resources for resistance breeding and sustainability. To clarify the distribution of the genetic diversity of rice landraces and its relationship with rice blast in Yunnan, China. 141 rice landraces from 7 populations in Yunnan were selected to conduct a genetic diversity analysis based on simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The results showed that the 7 rice populations in Yunnan have a rich genetic diversity (expected heterozygosity [He] = 0.63). We also found that the genetic diversity of the 7 rice populations was negatively correlated with geographical longitude in Yunnan (R2 = 0.70, P < 0.05). Structural analysis and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) showed that the genetic structure of the rice populations is complex. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that rice landraces in Yunnan have high genetic variation within populations (94%). In addition, evaluations of blast resistance both in the greenhouse and in the field showed that as the genetic diversity increased, the rice blast occurrence within the rice populations decreased (R2 = 0.66, P < 0.05). This study not only implicates excellent materials for rice genetic improvement but also provides a theoretical basis for the protection and utilization of Yunnan rice landraces.