bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrasting future lightning stories across Europe
Authors: Kahraman Abdullah , Kendon Elizabeth J , Fowler Hayley J , Wilkinson Jonathan M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Thunderstorms are the most common source of hazardous weather at local scales, but are poorly represented in conventional climate models, resulting in high uncertainty in future changes. How these changes manifest in terms of lightning is even more uncertain, with previous studies giving conflicting projections. Here, for the first time, we use a km-scale model that explicitly resolves convection across Europe; suggesting more convection by 2100 under RCP8.5. Our ice-based lightning scheme indicates a highly altered lightning climatology-the consequence of general increases in instability, partly limited by convective inhibition, along with huge increases in melting level height and less cloud ice. A northward shift in favourable weather regimes increases lightning frequency at higher latitudes, and favours more thunderstorms over the Alps, but lightning decreases over lower terrain elsewhere and over the sea. Our results suggest the need to re-evaluate lightning risk to wildfires, properties, and human life across Europe.
Phytoremediation development in Sweden
Authors: Chang C , Hogland W 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The contaminated air, water and soil have been major environmental issues during the last decades in Sweden. The phytoremediation technologies with ecological and economic benefits may help to alleviate those problems, especially related to heavy metal and organic pollutants. There is paucity of literatures on comprehensive understanding of phytoremediation technology development in Sweden. The Environmental Science and Engineering Group (ESEG) at Linnaeus University has been working on the relevant topics for decades and achieved some important findings. This study aimed at providing a systematic insight on the phytoremediation development in Sweden through literature reviews as well as summarizing the doctoral theses presented by ESEG. Herein suggestions and recommendations for phytoremediation development are given, especially those projects and research in Sweden and other countries with similar climate situation, which can benefit the works for site managers and engineers as well as ecologists and biochemists.
The study presents useful findings: 1) The majority of phytoremediation research in Sweden is focused on wetlands. Some are working on soil remediation, and very few on air purification. Submerged plant species in wetlands have been shown to be more effective at removing heavy metals than free-floating and terrestrial plants. Willow is the most popular species used in soil remediation, and there are many different clones. There are some other potential plants for phytoremediation, including Poplar, Silver Birch, Alfalfa, Spinach, Fireweed, Reed Canary grass, Scots pine, Rapeseed, etc. 2) Composting, bacteria, and iodides are examples of additions that can help improve phytoremediation efficiency. 3) Both biomass yields and contaminants accumulation concentration in plant must be considered when evaluating phytoremediation efficiency. 4) The efficacy of the phytoremediation function will be influenced by factors such as plant selection, climate situation, additions of substrate, soil properties, etc. Furthermore, the concentration of contaminants varies between plants as well as between different parts of the plant. 5) Management and maintenance are essential for a successful phytoremediation operation. It is critical to protect plants against disease, fungi, insects, pests and so on.
The effect of inoculation with Rhizophagus irregularis on the expression level of phosphate transporter genes in the roots of Medicago lupulina under conditions of low phosphorus level in the substrate
Authors: Filatov P V , Kalinina A E , Kudryashova T R , Gorbunova A O , Kryukov A A , Ivanchenko O B , Aronova E B , Yurkov A P 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The dynamics of expression of some genes responsible for phosphorus transport (PT1, PT2, PT4, ATP1) at different developmental stages of Medicago lupulina in roots inoculated and uninoculated with AM fungus were analyzed. The levels of MtPT1 and MtPT2 transcripts were decreased under condition of AM symbiosis development. For the first time it is in M. lupulina AM roots that MlATP1 expression has been analyzed. The dynamics of AM-specific MlPT4 and MlATP1 expression depended on developmental stage of the host plant. The key changes in gene expression were observed at the stemming stage of M. lupulina plants.
Risk assessment of selected pesticides for earthworms
Authors: Kolupaeva V N 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
An assessment of the risk for earthworms of 48 most persistent and toxic pesticides was carried out when they were used in the conditions of Western Siberia (soil-climatic scenario Novosibirsk). As calculations showed, the risk of long-term exposure of earthworms to 15 pesticides (31%) was assessed as high, and the fungicide carbendazim also has a high short-term risk. Among high-risk pesticides, fungicides predominate, with 11 out of 18 studied. The high risk for earthworms seems to be related to the climatic conditions in the study area, characterized by low average annual air temperatures, long frost periods and low rainfall, which contribute to the prolonged persistence of pesticide residues in the soil.
Application of plant protection biological product via pulsed intra-soil discrete methodology
Authors: Chaplygin V , Budynkov N , Glinushkin A , Mikhaleva S , Proskurin A , Kozyrev S , Kalinitchenko V , Minkina T , Chernenko V , Mandzhieva S , Sushkova S , Barakhov A , Soboleva L , Gruzdev G , Shestakova A , Gordeeva A , Kosheleva E 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Hardly decomposable aboveground and underground plant residues are a substrate for the Fusarium graminearum, F. moniliforme and other dangerous infections of subsequent crops in the crop rotation. For the period 2014-2020, an infection of grain with F. moniliforme increased in the Kursk region by 2.3 times; in Volgograd region by 3.7 times; in Rostov region by 8.7 times; and in the Stavropol Territory by 5.4 times. After treatment of plant residues of corn with biological preparation-sanator, a rhizoctonia disappeared from the winter wheat agrophytocenosis, and an occurrence of the F. moniliforme decreased by 2.5 times; a frequency of occurrence of pathogenic fungi F. moniliforme and F. avenaceum on the aerial parts of a plant was 20%, and on the plant residues 10% or less. A microbial colonization of the underground residues of sunflower and corn plants by F. moniliforme after harvesting was up to 30% for three years. Intra-soil pulse continuous-discrete robotic system for application of a biological plant protection product has been developed to increase an impact of biological plant protection product on phytopathogen into the plant residue and topsoil. The method provides priority plant protection from harmful biological objects, improving soil health, increasing plant productivity and product quality.
Environmental impact on clinical and anthropometric indicators of patients with face injury in a state of acute traumatic stress
Authors: Gedulyanov M T , Borisevich S V , Meshalkin V P , Egorov M P 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The environment affects the health of a patient with a maxillofacial injury if it provokes acute traumatic stress and is a stressor, which leads to physiological adaptive reactions. Physiological reactions initiate the patient over the influence on chronically stressful physical and social environmental factors, e.g., because of alcohol consumption. Physiological reaction to acute traumatic stress can accumulate and lead to excessive influence on neurons, endocrine and immune mediators, leading to persistent negative patient health with facial trauma, affecting the hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal cortex, sympathetic nervous and immune systems with subsequent consequences for the human peripheral system. Negative health consequences for a patient with a maxillofacial injury include: the influence of height, weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, which is associated with cardiovascular disease, stroke, loss of physical and cognitive functioning. Acute traumatic stress negatively affects chronic diseases by affecting the metabolic system, including high total cholesterol, high lipoprotein density, overweight, and elevated glucose levels. These metabolic parameters are associated with an increased risk of patient mortality, increased cardiovascular risk, and worsening of functions cognitive, namely, a decrease in memory, mental capacity for work, perceiving of information, processing, and analysis of information, memorizing, and keeping, which is the result of environmental influences. The aim is to investigate the relationship between the environment of the metropolis and the clinical and anthropometric parameters of patients with facial trauma in a state of acute traumatic stress. The authors considered the hypothesis that the relationship was mediated by acute traumatic stress and the patient’s state of health.
Peculiarities of state control to water objects with using of radar systems
Authors: Ryzhova D A , Zavalin A A , Karakotov S D , Rud S V 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The necessity of monitoring the condition of water bodies is substantiated. The method of environmental monitoring of the water surface using radar systems is considered. The results of online monitoring, rapid monitoring technologies, and an integrated environmental monitoring system of water surfaces using radar methods were processed. The comparison of various results of water surface monitoring was carried out to determine the adequacy of the data obtained as a result of radar monitoring. Recommendations for expanding the capabilities of radar monitoring are proposed.
Development of concept and methods for identifying and analyzing sociocultural factors in the context of the digital transformation of the economy
Authors: Glukhov V V , Vicentiy A V , Vicentiy I V 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
To ensure effective interaction, including cross-border interaction, of business, the state and citizens, knowledge and compliance with only formal, documented rules are often not enough. Significant impact on the success of cooperation, especially cross-border, has the ability of counterparties to take into account the socio-cultural characteristics of the other side. Based on the fact that the digital economy is a system of economic, social and cultural relations based on the use of digital information and communication technologies, formalizing the components of this system and developing mechanisms for their assessment is an urgent task. The aim of our work is to develop a concept and methods for identifying and analyzing sociocultural factors in the context of the digital transformation of the economy. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the integrated use of methods of semantic analysis of texts, case analysis, conceptual modeling, big data analysis and artificial intelligence for a formal description and analysis of the essence of socio-cultural differences that are potentially significant for the implementation of cross-border economic interaction. The practical significance of the results of the work is related to the elimination of existing obstacles and limitations for the creation and development of cross-border businesses related to cultural differences of contractors.
Infrared photoresistance as a sensitive probe of electronic transport in twisted bilayer graphene
Authors: Hubmann S , Di Battista G , Dmitriev I A , Watanabe K , Taniguchi T , Efetov D K , Ganichev S D 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We report on observation of the infrared photoresistance of twisted bilayer graphene (tBLG) under continuous quantum cascade laser illumination at a frequency of 57.1 THz. The photoresistance shows an intricate sign-alternating behavior under variations of temperature and back gate voltage, and exhibits giant resonance-like enhancements at certain gate voltages. The structure of the photoresponse correlates with weaker features in the dark dc resistance reflecting the complex band structure of tBLG. It is shown that the observed photoresistance is well captured by a bolometric model describing the electron and hole gas heating, which implies an ultrafast thermalization of the photoexcited electron–hole pairs in the whole range of studied temperatures and back gate voltages. We establish that photoresistance can serve a highly sensitive probe of the temperature variations of electronic transport in tBLG.
Discrete characteristic and edge effect during subsurface microhardness measurement of Ti-6Al-4V alloy
Authors: Hou Ning , Zhang Yuxin , Wang Minghai , Huang Shutao , Kong Xianjun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates the discrete characteristic and edge effect of subsurface microhardness of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The results show that the discrete degree of Ti-6Al-4V alloy microhardness decreases with increasing loading force. When the loading force is 200 gf, only five microhardness measurements are needed to reduce the interference of discrete characteristic. Importantly, the edge effect was found during measuring the subsurface microhardness of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The edge effect means that the microhardness value is little when its indentation position is close to a workpiece edge. Finite element analysis reveals that the low support strength of workpiece edge is responsible for the edge effect. This study further clarifies that a Vickers indenter is not suitable for characterizing the machined subsurface microhardness on account of the limitations of edge effect and indenter size.
Prediction of Post-COVID-19 economic and environmental policy and recovery based on recurrent neural network and long short-term memory network
Authors: Hu Hui , Xiong Shuaizhou , Chen Yi , Ye Lin , Zhao Shuliang , Qian Kun , De Domenici Michael C 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
COVID-19 has brought significant impacts on the global economy and environment. The Global Economic-and-environmental Policy Uncertainty (GEPU) index is a critical indicator to measure the uncertainty of global economic policies. Its prediction provides evidence for the good prospect of global economic and environmental policy and recovery. This is the first study using the monthly data of GEPU from January 1997 to January 2022 to predict the GEPU index after the COVID-19 pandemic. Both Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models have been adopted to predict the GEPU. In general, the RNN outperforms the LSTM networks, and most results suggest that the GEPU index will remain stable or decline in the coming year. A few results point to the possibility of a short-term increase in GEPU, but still far from its two peaks during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. This forecast confirms that the impact of the epidemic on global economic and environmental policy will continue to wane. Lower economic and environmental policy uncertainty facilitates global economic and environmental recovery. Economic recovery brings more opportunities and a stable macroeconomic environment, which is a positive sign for both investors and businesses. Meanwhile, for the ecological environment, the declining GEPU index marks a gradual reduction in the direct impact of policy uncertainty on sustainable development, but the indirect environmental impact of uncertainty may remain in the long run. Our prediction also provides a reference for subsequent policy formulation and related research.
Increased levitation force in a stable hybrid superconducting magnetic levitation set-up
Authors: Bernstein P , Xing Y , Noudem J G 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We present results obtained with an original hybrid set-up permitting to increase strongly the levitation force of Superconducting Magnetic Levitating (SML) systems. We compare levitation force measurements carried out with this set-up to measurements carried out with a conventional one. We investigate the stability of the proposed system by measuring the lateral (or restoring) force. We show how to calculate the measured levitation and lateral forces from: (i) those measured in the conventional configuration and (ii) the repulsive force between the magnets included in the system. We discuss the conditions of stability of the proposed system as well as the consequences that its introduction could have on the future of SML MAGLEV trains.
Coexistence of coordination and anticoordination in nonlinear public goods game
Authors: Patra Arunava , Dubey Vikash Kumar , Chakraborty Sagar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
There is a plethora of instances of interactions between players, in both biological and socio-economical context, that can be modeled as the paradigmatic PGG. However, in such interactions, arguably the PGG is often nonlinear in nature. This is because the increment in benefit generated, owing to additional cost contributed by the players, is realistically seldom linear. Furthermore, sometimes a social good is created due to interspecific interactions, e.g. in cooperative hunting by animals of two different species. In this paper, we study the evolutionary dynamics of a heterogenous population of cooperators and defectors playing nonlinear PGG; here we define heterogenous population as the one composed of distinct subpopulations with interactions among them. We employ the replicator equations for this investigation, and present the non-trivial effects of nonlinearity and size of the groups involved in the game. We report the possibility of discoordination, and coexistence of coordination and anti-coordination in such nonlinear PGG.
Plasticity of conducting polymer dendrites to bursts of voltage spikes in phosphate buffered saline
Authors: Scholaert Corentin , Janzakova Kamila , Coffinier Yannick , Alibart Fabien , Pecqueur Sébastien 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The brain capitalizes on the complexity of both its biochemistry for neurons to encode diverse pieces of information with various neurotransmitters and its morphology at multiple scales to route different pathways for neural interconnectivity. Conducting polymer dendrites can show similar features by differentiating between cations and anions thanks to their charge accumulation profile and the asymmetry in their dendriticity that allows projecting spike signals differently. Here, we exploit such mimicry for in materio classification of bursting activity and investigate, in phosphate buffered saline, the capability of such object to sense bursts of voltage pulses of 100 mV amplitude, emitted by a local gate in the vicinity of the dendrite. The dendrite integrates the different activities with a fading memory time window that is characteristic of both the polarity of the spikes and the temporality of the burst. By this first demonstration, the ‘material-object’ definitely shows great potential to be a node halfway between the two realms of brain and electronic communication.
Efficient emission of quasi-two-dimensional perovskite films cast by inkjet printing for pixel-defined matrix light-emitting diodes
Authors: Wang Junjie , Li Danyang , Wang Jian , Peng Junbiao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) perovskites are promising materials for potential application in light-emitting diodes (LEDs) due to their high exciton binding energy and efficient emission. However, their luminescent performance is limited by the low-n phases that act as quenching luminescence centers. Here, a novel strategy for eliminating low-n phases is proposed based on the doping of strontium bromide (SrBr2) in perovskites, in which SrBr2 is able to manipulate the growth of quasi-2D perovskites during their formation. It was reasonably inferred that SrBr2 readily dissociated strontium ions (Sr2+) in dimethyl sulfoxide solvent, and Sr2+ was preferentially adsorbed around [PbBr6]4− through strong electrostatic interaction between them, leading to a controllable growth of quasi-2D perovskites by appropriately increasing the formation energy of perovskites. It has been experimentally proved that the growth can almost completely eliminate low-n phases of quasi-2D perovskite films, which exhibited remarkably enhanced photoluminescence. A high electroluminescent efficiency matrix green quasi-2D perovskite-LED (PeLED) with a pixel density of 120 pixels per inch fabricated by inkjet printing technique was achieved, exhibiting a peak external quantum efficiency of 13.9%, which is the most efficient matrix green quasi-2D PeLED so far to our knowledge.
The 2022 human monkeypox outbreak: Clinical review and management guidance
Authors: Aldhaeefi Mohammed , Rungkitwattanakul Dhakrit , Unonu Jacqueise , Franklin Careen-Joan , Lyons Jessica , Hager Katherine , Daftary Monika N 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Purpose
The objective of this clinical review is to provide an overview of antiviral therapies for monkeypox treatment and summarize the role of vaccines in monkeypox prevention.

Summary
The human monkeypox virus is a double-stranded DNA virus of the Orthopoxvirus genus of the Poxviridae family. The estimated case fatality rate for monkeypox ranges between 0% and 11%. The first human monkeypox infection was reportedly due to an unidentified animal reservoir. Per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, isolation and infection control procedures should be followed in the care of those infected with monkeypox virus. Monkeypox virus infection symptoms include rash, fever, chills, headache, muscle aches, backache, and fatigue that may progress to exhaustion. Severe complications such as encephalitis, pneumonia, and retropharyngeal abscess could appear in immunocompromised or critically ill patients. There are currently no specific Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved therapies for monkeypox. As with most viral infections, supportive care is the backbone of monkeypox clinical management. However, therapies effective for smallpox, such as cidofovir, brincidofovir, and tecovirimat, have previously been reported to be effective in the management of monkeypox. Pre- and postexposure prophylaxis to prevent monkeypox transmission are recommended in the US for those at high risk for disease transmission.

Conclusion
There are no FDA-approved treatments for monkeypox infection. Surveillance and detection of monkeypox among high-risk populations should be implemented to help understand the epidemiology of this disease.
A Meta-analysis of the Effectiveness of Second Language Pragmatics Instruction
Authors: Ren Wei , Li Shaofeng , Lü Xiaoxuan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This study investigates the effects of instruction on second language (L2) pragmatic competence and the factors that moderate the effectiveness of pragmatics instruction. A comprehensive literature search yielded 29 primary studies that involved 1,898 L2 learners, generating 54 effect sizes for between-group contrasts. Aggregated results showed that pragmatics instruction had a large, positive effect on the development of pragmatic competence, g =1.656 (95% CI: 1.387–1.924). Subsequent moderator analyses demonstrated that explicit instruction yielded larger effects than implicit instruction, but the difference was not significant; pragmatics instruction was more effective in foreign language settings than in second language settings; longer treatments yielded larger effect sizes than medium and short treatments; and teaching pragmatics at the high-school level produced the largest mean effect size among all institutional levels. In addition, the outcomes measured by written discourse completion task generated the largest effects, followed by oral production tasks, while multiple-choice tasks yielded the smallest effect sizes. We discuss the results by consulting previous meta-analytic studies and the methodological characteristics of the synthesized studies.