bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term Cardiovascular Outcomes after Acute Coronary Syndrome: Incidence and Predictors During Long-term Follow-up in a Population-based Cohort Study
Authors: Ulvenstam Anders , Graipe Anna , Irevall Anna-Lotta , Söderström Lars , Mooe Thomas 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
IntroductionThere is limited data on long-term outcomes after hospitalization for ACS. We aimed to estimate the rate of recurrent cardiovascular events in the long-term, in a population-based, unselected cohort of ACS patients.Methods and resultsWe included 1379 patients with ACS hospitalized at Östersund hospital 2010-2014 and followed them from the day after discharge to 31 December 2017. The primary endpoint was the unadjusted rate of the composite of CV death, AMI and ischemic stroke. Risk factors for the primary endpoint were assessed in a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model. During a median follow-up of 4.7 years, the unadjusted rate of the primary endpoint was 10.3% at 1 year and 28.6% at the end of follow-up. Predictors of increased risk for subsequent events were congestive heart failure, diabetes mellitus, angina pectoris, prior revascularization with PCI or CABG and treatment with diuretics at discharge. Lipid-lowering therapy at discharge and revascularization with PCI or CABG were associated with a lower risk of recurrent events.ConclusionThe risk of recurrent cardiovascular was high at 1 year and continued to be so during the following almost three years of median follow-up. Established predictors of cardiovascular risk were confirmed.
Proteomic analysis of cardiometabolic biomarkers and predictive modeling of severe outcomes in patients hospitalized with COVID-19
Authors: Schroeder Philip , Brenner Laura , Kaur Varinderpal , Cromer Sara , Armstrong Katrina , LaRocque Regina , Ryan Edward , Meigs James , Florez Jose , Charles Richelle , Mercader Josep , Leong Aaron 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: The high heterogeneity in the symptoms and severity of COVID-19 makes it challenging to identify high-risk patients early in the disease. Cardiometabolic comorbidities have shown strong associations with COVID-19 severity in epidemiologic studies. Cardiometabolic protein biomarkers, therefore, may provide predictive insight regarding which patients are most susceptible to severe illness from COVID-19.Methods: In plasma samples collected from 343 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic, we measured 92 circulating protein biomarkers previously implicated in cardiometabolic disease. We performed proteomic analysis and developed predictive models for severe outcomes. We then used these models to predict the outcomes of out-of-sample patients hospitalized with COVID-19 later in the surge (N=194).Results: We identified a set of seven biomarkers predictive of admission to the intensive care unit and/or death (ICU/death) within 28 days of presentation to care. Two of the biomarkers, ADAMTS13 and VEGFD, were associated with a lower risk of ICU/death. The remaining biomarkers, ACE2, IL-1RA, IL6, KIM1, and CTSL1, were associated with higher risk. When used to predict the outcomes of the future, out-of-sample patients, the predictive models built with these biomarkers outperformed all models built from standard clinical data, including known COVID-19 risk factors. Conclusions: These findings suggest that proteomic profiling can inform the early clinical impression of a patient’s likelihood of developing severe COVID-19 outcomes and, ultimately, accelerate the recognition and treatment of high-risk patients.
Low Water Pollution of Valley Bottom Irrigated Rice in West Africa Case of the Boulbi in Burkina Faso
Authors: KEITA Amadou , MANTORO Maanou Rosella Axiane , NIANG Dial , BAMA Delphine Aissata 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Agricultural inputs are considered as important source of water pollution. This study investigates the situation in the case of the 85 ha Boulbi valley bottom irrigated rice scheme in Burkina Faso, West Africa. Soil hydraulic conductivities and texture were obtained using double-ring infiltrometer and Harmonized World Soil Database. Groundwater recharge was assessed by Thornthwaite's equation. The DRASTIC, GOD and SI methods were applied to map the valley’s vulnerability. Fertilizers and phytochemicals were also recorded by individual surveys. A sampling of surface and groundwater was done in 32 locations and the chemical characteristics (pH, EC, NO3-, SO42-, PO42- and K+) confronted with the vulnerability indices. The soils are predominantly clay (41%), silt (37%) and silty-sand (22%). Twenty types of phytochemicals are used, among which 35% are composed of the controversial glyphosate (denounced as carcinogenic) and 30% made with paraquat chloride also accused of being responsible for magnesium and potassium depletion in soils. All the three methods pointed to a low vulnerability risk, partly because of the epuration role of clay. The SI values (57.5 to 60.0) agreed with the laboratory analysis of NO3- concentration in the groundwater for the 11 locations for which all values were below 50 mg/l, the maximum defined by WHO. The average pH value is 8.2 ± 0.4. This may partly explain the low rice yield (less than 4.0 tons/ha) observed in Boulbi, in spite of fertilizers’ application. Although the risk assessment rendered non-alarming situation, preventive measures about health and environmental threats are necessary for raising awareness among the population.
Open-System Behaviour at the Campi Flegrei Caldera: from Evidence of Magma Mixing to pre-Eruptive Timescales
Authors: Petrelli Maurizio , López Mónica Ágreda , Pisello Alessandro , Perugini Diego 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We review the evidence of open-system behavior in the volcanic plumbing system of the Campi Flegrei Caldera. Also, we highlight the estimates of magma residence time, magma ascent, and mixing-to-eruption timescales. In detail, we concentrate on the Campanian Ignimbrite ~ 40ka, the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (~ 15ka), and the recent activity within the Phlegrean area. We start highlighting the evidence of magma mixing on the pyroclastic rocks deriving from different sources (e.g., crystal disequilibria, vertical zonings, and isotopic records). Then we describe geophysical and geochemical data of the magma feeding system with a focus on magma residence times and mixing to eruption timescales. Also, we link the timescales of magma ascent reported in the literature with a physically constrained model based on the magma-driven ascending dyke theory. Results show that considerably fast ascent velocities (i.e., units to tens m/s) can be easily achieved for eruptions fed by both shallow (i.e., 3–4 km) and deep (i.e., ~ 9 Km) reservoirs when characterized by large enough overpressures (i.e., > 25 MPa). Finally, we highlight the volcanological implications of timescale estimates for residence time and ascent in both open- and closed-system behavior of the volcanic plumbing system. The main aim is to provide constraints to the volcanic hazard definition of the area.
Sodium butyrate alleviates deoxynivalenol-induced hepatic cholesterol metabolic dysfunction via RORγ-mediated histone acetylation modification in weaning piglets
Authors: Zong Qiufang , Qu Huan , Zhao Yahui , Liu Hao-yu , Wu Shenglong , Wang Shuai , Bao Wenbin , Cai Demin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Cholesterol is an essential component of lipid rafts in cell plasma membrane, which exerts a hepatoprotective role against mycotoxin exposure in pigs, and cholesterol metabolism is vulnerable to epigenetic histone acetylation. Therefore, our present study aimed to investigate whether a histone deacetylase inhibitor (sodium butyrate [NaBu]) could protect porcine liver from deoxynivalenol (DON) exposure by modulating cholesterol metabolism. Herein, we randomly divided 28 pigs into four groups, which were fed an uncontaminated basal diet, 4 mg/kg DON-contaminated diet, basal diet supplemented with 0.2% NaBu or 4 mg/kg DON + 0.2% NaBu for 28 days.
Results
We found that the serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were all increased in pigs exposed to DON, indicative of significant liver injury. Furthermore, the cholesterol content in the serum of DON-exposed pigs was significantly reduced, compared to healthy control pigs. Transcriptome analysis of porcine liver tissues revealed that the cholesterol homeostasis pathway was highly enriched due to DON exposure. In which we validated by qRT-PCR and western blotting that the cholesterol program was markedly activated. Importantly, NaBu effectively restored parameters associated with liver injury, along with the cholesterol content and the expression of key genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Mechanistically, we performed ChIP-seq analysis of H3K27ac, and showed that NaBu strongly diminished DON-increased H3K27ac genome-wide enrichment. We further validated that the elevated H3K27ac and H3K9ac occupancies on cholesterol biosynthesis genes were both decreased by NaBu, as determined by ChIP-qPCR analysis. Notably, nuclear receptor RORγ, a novel regulator of cholesterol biosynthesis, was found in the hyperacetylated regions. Again, a remarkable increase of RORγ at both mRNA and protein levels in DON-exposed porcine livers were drastically reduced by NaBu. Consistent with RORγ expression, NaBu also hindered RORγ transcriptional binding enrichments on these activated cholesterol biosynthesis genes like HMGCR, SQLE and DHCR24. Furthermore, we conducted an in vitro luciferase reporter assay to verify that porcine RORγ directly bond to the promoters of above target genes.
Conclusions
Collectively, our results demonstrate the utility of the natural product NaBu as a potential anti-mycotoxin nutritional strategy for regulating cholesterol metabolism via RORγ-mediated histone acetylation modification.
PER3 rs772027021 SNP induce pigmentation phenotypes of dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria
Authors: Chen Hongyu , Yang Pingping , Yang Dan , Wang Dongsheng , Lu Mao , Li Yadong , Zhong Zhiqiang , Zhang Jing , Zeng Zhen , Liu Zhi , Jia Xu , Xing Qinghe , Zhou Ding'an 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria (DUH) is a pigmentary genodermatosis characterized by a mixture of hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules distributed randomly over the body. Although Sterile Alpha motifs- and SH3 domain-containing protein 1 (SASH1) and ATP-binding cassette subfamily B, member 6(ABCB6) have been identified as the causative genes for this disorder, there are still some cases with unknown pathogenic genes. In this study, whole exome sequencing, data analysis and sanger sequencing were utilized in a four-generations extended Chinese family with DUH. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (c. 517C > T (p.P173S, rs772027021) variant in the exon 5 of Period Circadian Regulator 3 (PER3) (NM_001289861), was found in each affected individuals of the DUH family and the c. 517C > T SNP of PER3( PER3 rs772027021 SNP) and a novel c. 1574C > G (p.T525R) mutation in exon 14 of SASH1 were both found in the proband. Increased melanin syntheses were induced by the PER3 rs772027021 SNP in melanocytes of the affected epithelial tissues. Mutated SASH1 or PER3 rs772027021 SNP alone, or mutated SASH1 and PER3 rs772027021 SNP synergistically caused more synthesized melanin, respectively in vitro. We also phenotypically characterized a commercially available zebrafish mutant line that harbored PER3 rs772027021 SNP to induce proliferative melanocytes in vivo. Our studies firstly revealed the PER3 SNP may be as the pathogenic gene for a novel DUH subtype which was of delayed dominance and mutation of SASH1 and PER3 cooperatively promote hyperpigmentation phenotypes.
Do Physiognomically Designated Protected Areas Match Well with Ecological Data based upon Diversity Indices and Ordination? Implications for Urban Forest Conservation
Authors: Jeong Sung Chan , Pi DaeMin , Lee IL Won , Lee Jeong Yeon , Kim Kee Dae 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We surveyed the vegetation of an ecological landscape preservation area (legally protected conservation areas or national parks) and surrounding areas in Mt. Cheonggye, Republic of Korea to explore conservation implications for preservation areas and surrounding transition areas. We calculated diversity indices to identify properties of the preservation areas and the surrounding areas that are relevant to conservation efforts. We then compared the plant community composition between areas using field and quadrat surveys in the preservation area and surrounding areas. The covers of dominant species in all tree and herb layers were markedly higher in the preservation area than in the peripheral zones. Additionally, species richness indices were significantly higher in the preservation area than in the peripheral zones. Ordination by detrended canonical correspondence analyses showed that the covers of dominant tree species and rock could explain the distributions of plant species in the Cartesian space of the ordination. Our results demonstrate that physiognomically designated protected areas match well with ecological data based upon diversity indices and ordination analyses and disturbances in the areas surrounding ecological landscape of the preservation areas can have considerable impacts on plant diversity indices. Hence, the preservation and management of surrounding areas are essential conservation elements for protecting the entire ecological landscape of the preservation areas.
Disaster Management System in Himachal Pradesh
Authors: KUMAR VINOD 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The state of Himachal Pradesh has been facing widespread and extensive damages almost every year because of natural calamities, unprecedented droughts situation, excessive rains, snow and flash flood due to cloud burst etc. which have been taking its toll of human lives, cattle heads, destruction of public utilities, roads, bridges, footpaths, culverts, landslides and washing away of drinking water supply and irrigation schemes and damage to public and private properties making a dependent into the already fragile economy of the state. The losses sustained are so serve that relief and restoration operations without adequate financial resources are not possible despite best efforts of the state to cope up with the emergent situation out of the available scanty resources. Disaster Management can be defined as the body of policy and administrative decisions and operational activities which pertain to the various stages of a disaster at all levels. This paper focuses on analyzing natural and man-made disasters in Himachal Pradesh and also discusses Disaster Management system in Himachal Pradesh. In the present paper the data was collected through primary and secondary sources. The primary data has been collected by observation and field survey method. The Secondary data was collected from records, reports, relief manual, action plan and memorandum of the state revenue department and other department which are concerned with disaster management. Newspapers, magazines, journals, books, articles and website have been utilized.
Scaling-up community-based rehabilitation programs in rural Thailand: the development of a capacity building program
Authors: Tongsiri Sirinart 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Approximately 15% of the world population have some forms of disability and their quality of life is compromised. According to Thailand Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) Empowerment Act, B.E. 2550 (2007), PWDs are entitled for benefits ranging from medical care to social support services. The CBR framework and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) can be used to promote the interdisciplinary approach across staff from different organizations. This study aimed to demonstrate the capacity building strategy for user organizations and resource teams, the key components in environment of scale-up as described in “WHO/ExpandNet Scaling-up Framework” to promote the implementation process of CBR interventions in Thailand. Methods: The study were conducted with a network of representative from five sub-districts in Thailand. A set of capacity building training courses was designed. Fieldworkers were trained to administer the ICF questionnaire to collect data of PWDs in community. A qualitative interview was conducted to investigate the changes of the interdisciplinary teams.Results: The total of 1,783 PWDs data were collected during 1 April 2018-30 December 2019. All of them have, at least, one type of impairments and one type of difficulties in activity of daily living (ADL). Needs of assistive devices and home modifications were also recognized. Individual ICF profile can also developed to monitor change of their functioning after receiving services. After the discussions in the qualitative interviews, it is indicated that their perceptions towards work with PWDs were changed. The six steps in capacity building include: dialogue, team building, disability role-play; ICF data collection and analysis; developing individual care plans for PWDs; home and environmental modifications for PWDs; training to promote employment opportunities; and evaluation of the care plan. Conclusions: The study highlighted the innovative training methodology for building up the capacity of staff to work as a team and to become agents of change to set up a strategic plan for delivering CBR interventions in their own settings.
A new proof of evidence of cysteamine quantification for therapeutic drug monitoring in patients with cystinosis
Authors: Franzin Martina , Rossetto Silvia , Ruoso Rachele , Savio Rossella Del , Stocco Gabriele , Decorti Giuliana , Addobbati Riccardo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: To date, measurement of intracellular cystine is used for the therapeutic monitoring of patients affected by cystinosis in treatment with cysteamine. Since this method is time and sample consuming, development of a faster method to quantify cysteamine would be extremely useful in order to help clinicians to adjust dosages of cysteamine and to define better the pharmacokinetic profile of this drug. The aim of the study was to develop a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantification of cysteamine in plasma samples and to test its applicability on plasma samples derived from patients with nephropathic infantile cystinosis in treatment with cysteamine.Results: The percentage of accuracy of the developed method varied between 97.80 and 106.00% and CV% between 0.90 and 6.93%. There was no carry over. The calibration curves were built from 2.5 to 50 µM. The limit of detection and the lower limit of quantification occurred at 0.25 and 1.25 µM respectively. Cysteamine was stable up to 2 months at -20 °C. Concentrations of cysteamine and intracellular cystine of 4 patients were in line with data previously reported.Conclusions: The proposed method showed an appropriate selectivity, specificity, linearity, sensibility, accuracy, precision and good applicability to samples.
The influence of transarterial chemoembolization on serum levels of soluble programed cell death protein-1 in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: Ma Xiaochen , Song Huishu , Xie Fubo , Jian Wencheng , Wang Qingliang , Sun Xiangyang , Xie Yang , Li Caixia , Zhang Kai 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Aims
To investigate the implications of soluble programmed cell death protein 1 (sPD-1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and to evaluate the potential value of sPD-1 to guide selection of the optimal time to begin combination therapy of TACE and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).
Materials and methods
Forty-four HCC patients suitable for TACE and fifty-five healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. Three milliliters of peripheral venous blood of patients were collected on 1 day before TACE and 3, 7, and 30 days after TACE respectively for assay of sPD-1 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The associations of the sPD-1 level with the clinical features, outcomes, and the fluctuation of sPD-1 during the treatment were analyzed.
Results
The initial sPD-1 level of patients was significantly higher than that of the control group. Although the initial level of sPD-1 showed a decreasing trend with the increase of BCLC stage, there were no significant differences among patients with different BCLC stages. The sPD-1 level of 3 and 7 days after TACE was significantly lower than the initial level. The sPD-1 level of 30 days after TACE was significantly higher than that of 7 days after TACE and nearly elevated to the initial level before TACE. The level of sPD-1 of CR and PD patients was lower than that of PR, SD patients, but the differences were not significant.
Conclusion
The level of sPD-1 was significantly elevated in patients with HCC but further research is necessary to better understand the value of sPD-1 in onset, development, and prognosis of HCC as a potential biomarker. The decreases in sPD-1 after TACE suggested that TACE could probably reduce immune effector cells as well as weaken immune function, which indicated that the ICIs shouldn’t be administered shortly after TACE.
TLR2 genetic diversity and the risk of Schizophrenia
Authors: Ayari fayza , Chaaben Arij Ben , Abbaza Hajer , Mihoub Ons , Ouni Nesrine , Mankai Amani , Boukouaci Wahid , kharat Maher , Leboyer Marion , Tamouza Ryad 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives: Schizophrenia (SZ) is a multifactorial disorder involving complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors, where immune dysfunction plays a key etiopathogenic role. In order to explore the control of innate immune responses in SZ, we aimed to investigate the potential association of two TLR2 polymorphisms (rs3804099T>C and rs3804100T>C) with susceptibility to SZ in a Tunisian population. Methods: TLR2 genotyping was done using a TaqMan 5’-nuclease assay for 150 SZ patients and 201 healthy controls (HC) with no history of psychiatric illness.Results: we did not observe any significant differences in genotypes and alleles frequencies between the SZ patient and control groups (p>0.05).Conclusion: The results indicate that rs3804099T>C and rs3804100T>C in TLR 2 polymorphisms are unlikely to have a significant impact on the genetic predisposition to SZ in the presently studied population-group.
Three-dimensional Network of Nitrogen-doped Carbon Matrix-encapsulated Si Nanoparticles/Carbon Nanofibers Hybrids for Lithium Ion Battery Anodes with Excellent Capability
Authors: Lee Chang-Seop , Cong Ruye , Jo Minsang , Martino Angelica , Park Hyun-Ho , Lee Hochun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Three-dimensionally structured silicon (Si)-carbon (C) nanocomposites have great potential as anodes in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Here, we report a Nitrogen-doped graphene/carbon-encapsulated Si nanoparticle/carbon nanofiber composite (NG/C@Si/CNF) prepared by methods of surface modification, electrostatic self-assembly, cross-linking with heat treatment, and further carbonization as a potential high-performance anode for LIBs. The N-doped C matrix wrapped around Si nanoparticles improved the electrical conductivity of the composites and buffered the volume change of Si nanoparticles during lithiation/delithiation. Uniformly dispersed CNF in composites acted as conductive networks for the fast transport of ions and electrons. The entire tightly connected organic material of NG/C@Si and CNF prevented the crushing and shedding of particles and maintained the integrity of the electrode structure. The NG/C@Si/CNF composite exhibited better rate capability and cycling performance compared with the other electrode materials. After 100 cycles, the electrode maintained a high reversible specific capacity of 1,371.4 mAh/g.