bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of homoeologous exchange on gene expression and alternative splicing in a newly formed allotetraploid wheat
Authors: Zhang Zhibin , Xun Hongwei , Lv Ruili , Gou Xiaowan , Ma Xintong , Li Juzuo , Zhao Jing , Li Ning , Gong Lei , Liu Bao 
Published: June 2022

SUMMARYHomoeologous exchange (HE) is a major mechanism generating post‐polyploidization genetic variation with important evolutionary consequences. However, the direct impacts of HE on gene expression and transcript diversity in allopolyploids without the intertwined evolutionary processes remain to be fully understood. Here, we analyzed high‐throughput RNA‐seq data of young leaves from plant groups of a synthetic allotetraploid wheat (AADD), which contained variable numbers of HEs. We aimed to investigate if and to which extent HE directly impacts gene expression and alternative splicing (AS). We found that HE impacts expression of genes located within HE regions primarily via a cis‐acting dosage effect, which led to significant changes in the total expression level of homoeologous gene pairs, especially for homoeologs whose original expression was biased. In parallel, HE also influences expression of a large number of genes residing in non‐HE regions by trans‐regulation leading to convergent expression of homoeologs. Intriguingly, when taking the original relative homoeolog expression states into account, homoeolog pairs under trans‐effect are more prone to manifesting a convergent response to the HEs whereas those under cis‐regulation tended to show further exacerbated subgenome‐biased expression. Moreover, HE‐induced quantitative, largely individual‐specific, changes of AS events were detected. Similar to homoeologous expression, homoeo‐AS events under trans‐effect were more responsive to HE. HE therefore exerts multifaceted immediate effects on gene expression and, to a less extent, on individualized transcript diversity in nascent allopolyploidy.
Position of the ammodile and the origin of Gerbillinae (Rodentia): Out of the Horn of Africa?
Authors: Kostin Danila S. , Martynov Aleksey A. , Lebedev Vladimir S. , Zemlemerova Elena D. , Gromov Anton R. , Lavrenchenko Leonid A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGerbillinae is the second largest subfamily (after Murinae) in the Muridae family comprising ~16 genera and more than a hundred species. Phylogenetic relationships among the main taxa of gerbils are still not fully understood. In particular, a major issue is the phylogenetic position of the monotypic genus Ammodillus (endemic to the Horn of Africa), which according to morphological data may be one of the earliest offshoots from the gerbilline stem; however, its precise affiliations have been unknown due to the lack of genetic data. Here, by means of a multilocus dataset including one mitochondrial and five nuclear markers, we for the first time elucidated phylogenetic placement of Ammodillus and provided the most complete tribal phylogeny of Gerbillinae to date. Phylogenetic reconstructions robustly supported Ammodillus as a sister taxon to all other living gerbillines and suggested that the separation of the ammodile lineage dates back to the Middle/Late Miocene boundary (~11.7 Mya). The results are consistent with subdivision of the subfamily into four tribes: monotypic Ammodillini, Gerbillini (including Taterillus), Desmodilliscini (including Pachyuromys) and Gerbillurini. In the light of the new data, we discuss possible scenarios of Gerbillinae origin, highlight Ammodillus as a relatively ancient—albeit morphologically advanced—lineage that has never gained diversity and propose the term ‘ancient singleton’ for a taxon with a persistently low diversification rate.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Education and Training Studies, Vol. 10, No. 3
Authors: Smith Robert 
Published: June 2022

Journal of Education and Training Studies (JETS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether JETS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 10, Number 3 Alphonce John Amuli, ADEM, TanzaniaChris Mutseekwa, Bindura University of Science Education, ZimbabweFathia Lahwal, Elmergib University, LibyaFroilan D. Mobo, Philippine Merchant Marine Academy, PhilippineHassan Shaaban, Atomic energy Authority, EgyptIntakhab Khan, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi ArabiaJohn Cowan, Edinburgh Napier University, UKJonathan Chitiyo, University of Pittsburgh Bradford, USAKendall Hartley, University of Nevada, USAMichail Kalogiannakis, University of Crete, GreeceMinh Duc Duong, Thai Nguyen University, VietnamMuhammad Haris Effendi-Hasibuan, Universitas Jambi, IndonesiaNan Thin Zar No, Chindwin Technological University, MyanmarNiveen M. Zayed, MENA College of Management, JordanRichard H. Martin, Mercer University, USARichard Penny, University of Washington Bothell, USARima Meilita Sari, STKIP Al-Washliyah, IndonesiaSadia Batool, Karakoram International University, PakistanSamah El-Sakka, Suez University, EgyptSandro Sehic, Oneida BOCES, USASarah Nabih Nasif, October University, EgyptSelloane Pitikoe, University of Eswatini, Eswatini Robert SmithEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Journal of Education and Training StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAE-mail 1: jets@redfame.comE-mail 2: jets@redfame.orgURL: http://jets.redfame.com
Language matters: representations of ‘heart failure’ in English discourse—a large-scale linguistic study
Authors: Demmen Jane , Hartshorne-Evans Nick , Semino Elena , Sankaranarayanan Rajiv 
Published: June 2022

AimsHeart failure (HF) has a lower public profile compared with other serious health conditions, notably cancer. This discourse analysis study investigates the extent to which HF is discussed in general contemporary English, UK parliamentary debates and the ways in which HF is framed in discussions, when compared with two other serious health conditions, cancer and dementia.MethodsThe Oxford English Corpus (OEC) of 21st century English-language texts (2 billion words) and the UK Hansard Reports of parliamentary debates from 1945 to early 2021 were used to investigate the relative frequencies, contexts and use of the terms ‘heart failure’, ‘cancer’ and ‘dementia’.ResultsIn the OEC, the term ‘heart failure’ occurs 4.26 times per million words (pmw), ‘dementia’ occurs 3.68 times pmw and ‘cancer’ occurs 81.96 times pmw. Cancer is talked about 19 times more often than HF and 22 times more often than dementia. These are disproportionately high in relation to actual incidence: annual cancer incidence is 1.8 times that of the other conditions; annual cancer mortality is two times that caused by coronary heart disease (including HF) or dementia.‘Heart failure’ is used much less than ‘cancer’ in UK parliamentary debates (House of Commons and House of Lords) between 1945 and early 2021, and less than ‘dementia’ from 1990 onwards. Moreover, HF is even mentioned much less than pot-holes in UK roads and pavements. In 2018, for example, ‘pot-hole/s’ were mentioned over 10 times pmw, 37 times more often than ‘heart failure’, mentioned 0.28 times pmw. Discussions of HF are comparatively technical and formulaic, lacking survivor narratives that occur in discussions of cancer.ConclusionsHF is underdiscussed in contemporary English compared with cancer and dementia and underdiscussed in UK parliamentary debates, even compared with the less-obviously life-threatening topic of pot-holes in roads and pavements.
Gamma convergence and renormalization group: Two sides of a coin?
Authors: Dell’Antonio G. F. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe discuss, both from the point of view of Gamma convergence and from the point of view of the renormalization Group, the zero range strong contact interaction of three non-relativistic massive particles. Formally, the potential term is $$ g (\delta (x_3-x_1) + \delta (x_3 -x_2)), \;\, g < 0 $$

g
(
δ

(

x
3

-

x
1

)

+
δ

(

x
3

-

x
2

)

)
,

g
<
0

and is the limit $$ \epsilon \rightarrow 0$$

ϵ
→
0

of approximating potentials $$ V_\epsilon (|x_i -x_3|) = \epsilon ^{-3} V ( \frac{|x_i - x_3|}{\epsilon }) $$

V
ϵ

(
|

x
i

-

x
3

|
)

=

ϵ

-
3

V

(

|

x
i

-

x
3

|

ϵ

)

, $$ V( x) \in L^1(R^3) \cap L^2 (R^3) $$

V

(
x
)

∈

L
1

(

R
3

)

∩

L
2

(

R
3

)

. The presence of a delta function in the limit does not allow the use of standard tools of functional analysis. In the first approach (European Phys. J. Plus 136-363, 2021), (European Phys. J. Plus 1136-1161, 2021), we introduced a map $$\mathcal{K}$$
K
, called Krein Map , from $$L^2 (R^9) $$

L
2

(

R
9

)

to a space (Minlos space) $$\mathcal{M}$$
M
) of more singular functions. In $$ { \mathcal M}$$
M
, the system is represented by a one parameter family of self-adjoint operators. In the topology of $$L^2 (R^9)$$

L
2

(

R
9

)

, the system is an ordered family of weakly closed quadratic forms. By Gamma convergence, the infimum is a self-adjoint operator, the Hamiltonian H of the system. Gamma convergence implies resolvent convergence (An Introduction to Gamma Convergence Springer 1993) but not operator convergence!. This approach is variational and non-perturbative. In the second approach, perturbation theory is used. At each order of perturbation theory, divergences occur when $$ \epsilon \rightarrow 0$$

ϵ
→
0

. A finite renormalized Hamiltonian $$H_R$$

H
R

is obtained by redefining mass and coupling constant at each order of perturbation theory. In this approach, no distinction is made between self-adjoint operators and quadratic forms. One expects that $$ H = H_R $$

H
=

H
R

, i.e., that “renormalization” amounts to the difference between the Hamiltonian obtained by quadratic form convergence and the one obtained by Gamma convergence. We give some hints, but a formal proof is missing. For completeness, we discuss briefly other types of zero-range interactions.
A Hierarchical Framework for Spares-Driven Maintenance Tasks’ Reviewing, Planning and Scheduling
Authors: Manzini Riccardo , Accorsi Riccardo , Ferrari Emilio , Gallo Andrea , Penazzi Stefano 
Published: June 2022

This paper explores the impacts of reviewing the time to replace of spare parts under the lenses of reliability- and cost-based optimization with the attempt to reduce the cost of a maintenance plan within a harshly constrained maintenance tasks’ scheduling problem. A hierarchical procedure for a robust reliability prediction and scheduling of maintenance tasks is introduced to this purpose. This study takes inspiration from real applications of the preventive maintenance (PM) scheduling process on high-throughput packing and manufacturing lines counting hundreds of functional groups and thousands of components subject to failures and replacements. We investigate the role and the criticality of data entry in the not polynomial (NP)-hard cost-based and reliability-based scheduling problem proposed by Manzini et al. (R. Manzini, R. Accorsi, T. Cennerazzo, E. Ferrari and F. Maranesi, The scheduling of maintenance. A resource-constraints mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model, Comput. Ind. Eng. 87 (2015) 561–568). The proposed reliability-based analysis aids the setting of proper time to failures for spare parts and combines with an analytical single-component and cost-based model to set which maintenance tasks are the most sensitive to the overall cost reduction of a maintenance plan.
Time Course of Irreversible Electroporation Lesion Development Through Short- and Long-Term Follow-Up in Pulsed-Field Ablation–Treated Hearts
Authors: Grimaldi Massimo , Di Monaco Antonio , Gomez Tara , Berman Dror , Datta Keshava , Sharma Tushar , Govari Assaf , Altmann Andres , Di Biase Luigi 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Pulsed-field ablation (PFA) is a tissue-selective, nonthermal cardiac ablation modality. A novel PFA ablation system consisted of a multichannel irreversible electroporation generator system and a multielectrode circular irreversible electroporation catheter has been developed for catheter ablation. To understand the progression and immediate impacts of PFA, this study evaluated the subchronic (7±3 day) and chronic (30±3 day) safety and performance of the novel PFA system when simulating pulmonary vein and superior vena cava isolation in a porcine beating heart model.

Methods:
Ten swine models were divided into subchronic (n=6) and chronic cohorts (n=4). Lesions were performed within the right and left atrium to conduct right pulmonary veins and superior vena cava isolations, in addition to creating stacked lesions in the left atrium roof and right atrium posterior wall.

Results:
Acute pulmonary vein and superior vena cava isolation were achieved in 10 out of 10 swine and demonstrated 100% lesion durability in both cohorts, including sustained elimination of electrical activity at the left atrium roof and right atrium posterior wall. Histology demonstrated that all the cardiac sites ablated showed discrete zones of loss of myocardial fibers or smooth muscle cells with preservation of the tissue architecture with resultant fibrocellular replacement, neovascularization, and neocollagen deposition. Mineralization findings were present in association with residual necrotic muscle fibers. Only in 7 days group, areas of mineralization were frequently associated with inflammation. There were no treatment-related changes in other tissues, including complete sparing of the phrenic nerve.

Conclusions:
Pulsed-field ablation for pulmonary vein and superior vena cava isolation with the novel PFA system was feasible, safe with myocardial-specific ablative effect. Durable lesions were observed at the target areas. with inflammation phenomena mainly documented at 7 days.
Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices in Ebstein Anomaly: Management and Outcomes
Authors: Tan Nicholas Y. , Amin Mustapha , Dearani Joseph A. , McLeod Christopher J. , Stephens Elizabeth H. , Cannon Bryan C. , Miranda William R. , Connolly Heidi M. , Egbe Alexander , Asirvatham Samuel J. , Madhavan Malini 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Optimal management of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) in patients with Ebstein anomaly during tricuspid valve (TV) surgery is unknown. Thus, we aimed to characterize CIED management/outcomes in patients with Ebstein anomaly undergoing TV surgery.

Methods:
Patients at the Mayo Clinic from 1987 to 2020 with Ebstein anomaly and CIED procedure were reviewed for procedural details, complications, echocardiogram, and lead parameters. Five-year cumulative incidence of CIED complications were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Results:

Ninety-three patients were included; 51 were female, and mean age was 40.7±17.5 years. A new CIED was implanted in 45 patients at the time of TV surgery with the majority receiving an epicardial (n=37) CIED. Among 34 patients who had preexisting CIED (11 epicardial, 23 transvenous) at time of TV surgery, 20 had a transvenous right ventricular lead managed by externalizing the lead to the TV (n=15) or extracting the transvenous lead with epicardial lead implantation (n=5). Fourteen patients underwent CIED implantation (4 epicardial, 10 transvenous) without concurrent surgery. Placement of lead across the TV was avoided in 85% of patients. The 5-year cumulative incidence of CIED complications was 24% with no significant difference between epicardial and transvenous CIEDs (26% versus 23%,
P
=0.96). Performance of lead parameters was similar in epicardial and transvenous leads during median (interquartile range) follow-up of 44.5 (61.1) months.

Conclusions:
In patients with Ebstein anomaly undergoing TV surgery, the use of epicardial leads and externalization of transvenous leads to the TV can avoid lead placement across the valve leaflets. Lead performance and CIED complications was similar between epicardial and transvenous CIEDs.
Conflict Mediation and Bungoma Activism in a South African Township
Authors: Bae Bosco B. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The following article draws on fieldwork with traditional African healers in an urban South African township and examines mediation sessions undertaken by a group of healers with a view to contemporary conflicts that emerged during their praxis. I argue that the healers’ mediation practices are a form of activism that addresses the hermeneutical and institutional gap between traditional healing and the magistrates’ court system. This activism further presents a social positioning by healers for greater legitimacy, recognition, and integration with governmental structures. The article introduces the township of Alexandra and two different conflict resolution pathways that exist there, which reflect two divergent judicial moralities of reproduction with their respective cultural frameworks. The article then provides an overview of the institution of traditional healing and, lastly, describes the healers’ mediation as a form of activism.
Increased Risk of Injury in Ménière's Disease and Effects of Treatment: Population‐Based Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wu Po‐Ling , Lin Hung‐Che , Chien Wu‐Chien , Chung Chi‐Hsiang , Chen Jeng‐Wen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the risk of injury in patients with Ménière's disease (MD) and the effects of treatment.Study DesignPopulation‐based retrospective cohort study.SettingData were collected from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005, containing the information of 2 million randomly selected individuals in Taiwan.MethodsWe enrolled 90,481 patients with newly diagnosed MD between 2000 and 2017 and 361,924 matched individuals without MD. The study outcomes were diagnoses of all‐cause injuries. The Kaplan‐Meier method was used to determine the cumulative incidence rates of injury in the MD and non‐MD cohorts, and a log‐rank test was used to analyze the differences between the cohorts. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate the 18‐year hazard ratios of each cohort.ResultsA total of 80,151 patients were diagnosed with injuries during the follow‐up period: 24,031 and 56,120 from the MD and non‐MD cohorts, respectively. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) was 2.19 (95% CI, 2.16‐2.35) after adjusting for demographic characteristics and comorbidities. Subgroup analysis revealed that MD was associated with an increased incidence of unintentional and intentional injuries (aHR, 2.24 [95% CI, 2.21‐2.41] and 2.05 [95% CI, 2.01‐2.19], respectively). Treatment with diuretics, antivertigo medications, or surgery did not reduce the risk of injury (aHR, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.59‐1.54], 0.94 [95% CI, 0.58‐1.50], and 0.99 [95% CI, 0.61‐1.54]).ConclusionMD is independently associated with an increased risk of injuries. Medical or surgical treatment for MD does not reduce the risk of injury in patients with MD. Physicians should counsel patients with MD regarding preventive measures for avoiding subsequent injuries.
An elastic framework for ensemble-based large-scale data assimilation
Authors: Friedemann Sebastian , Raffin Bruno 
Published: June 2022

Prediction of chaotic systems relies on a floating fusion of sensor data (observations) with a numerical model to decide on a good system trajectory and to compensate non-linear feedback effects. Ensemble-based data assimilation (DA) is a major method for this concern depending on propagating an ensemble of perturbed model realizations. In this paper, we develop an elastic, online, fault-tolerant and modular framework called Melissa-DA for large-scale ensemble-based DA. Melissa-DAallows elastic addition or removal of compute resources for state propagation at runtime. Dynamic load balancing based on list scheduling ensures efficient execution. Online processing of the data produced by ensemble members enables to avoid the I/O bottleneck of file-based approaches. Our implementation embeds the PDAF parallel DA engine, enabling the use of various DA methods. Melissa-DAcan support extra ensemble-based DA methods by implementing the transformation of member background states into analysis states. Experiments confirm the excellent scalability of Melissa-DA, propagating 16,384 members for a regional hydrological critical zone assimilation relying on the ParFlow model on a domain with about 4 M grid cells. The same use case was ported to the PDAF state-of-the-art DA framework relying on a MPI approach. A comparison with Melissa-DA at 2500 members on 20,000 cores shows our approach is about 50% faster per assimilation cycle.
The permanent or transitory nature of shocks to tourism expenditures and receipts: Evidence from new panel stationarity tests with breaks and factors
Authors: Payne James E , Nazlioglu Saban 
Published: June 2022

Tourism expenditures and receipts are an important component of many countries’ balance of payments. Indeed, the determination of whether shocks to tourism expenditures and receipts are permanent or transitory in nature is relevant to understanding the appropriate policy response. This study introduces new panel stationarity tests that simultaneously model structural breaks and a common factor structure. The results from several panel stationarity tests including the new tests reject the null hypothesis of stationarity for the panel of 63 countries. Based on tests of stationarity with a common factor structure without structural breaks at the individual country level, the null hypothesis of stationarity is rejected in 24 and 26 countries with respect to per capita international tourism expenditures and tourism receipts, respectively. The inclusion of the Fourier approximation for smooth structural breaks alongside the common factor structure increases the number of rejections of the null hypothesis of stationarity to 48 and 54 countries for per capita international tourism expenditures and receipts, respectively. Hence, shocks to either tourism expenditures or receipts will likely be permanent in nature requiring a policy response in order to return tourism expenditures and receipts to their original trend path. JEL Codes: Z32, C33.
Investigating the Influences of Healthcare Facility Features on Wayfinding Performance and Associated Stress Using Virtual Reality
Authors: Qi Fei , Lu Zhipeng , Chen Yi 
Published: June 2022

Objective: This study examined the influences of healthcare facility interior features on users’ wayfinding performance and the relationship between stress and wayfinding. Background: General hospitals in China always present significant wayfinding problems due to their sizes and complexity. Poor wayfinding often leads to a frustrating and stressful user experience. It has not been fully understood how hospital indoor features affect wayfinding and whether an individual’s stress levels are associated with wayfinding performance. Method: We conducted an experiment in which 117 college students, aged 18–33 ( M = 21.88, SD = 3.01), performed two tasks in virtual reality environments of outpatient clinics. Stress (skin conductance response) and wayfinding performance (distance ratio and time ratio) were measured. Participants’ sense of orientation, navigation ability, distance estimation, and spatial anxiety were captured by a survey. Results: Male participants reported a significantly better sense of orientation and less spatial anxiety than females. Participants’ stress levels were lower with outdoor window views compared to those without outdoor views. With more environmental features (landmarks and outdoor window views) added to the environments, participants showed significantly better wayfinding performance. No significant relationship was found between wayfinding performance and participants’ stress levels in this study. Conclusion: While individual environmental factors might not have a significant influence, combining multiple elements such as window views and landmarks could lead to better wayfinding performance. More research is needed to examine the relationship between stress and wayfinding.