bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early gastric neoplasms are significant risk factor for colorectal adenoma: A prospective case-control study
Authors: Kim Seong-Jung , Lee Jun , Baek Dae Youb , Lee Jun Hyung , Hong Ran 
Published: August 2022

Although gastric cancer patients have a high incidence and risk of colorectal cancer, evidence is lacking regarding whether early gastric neoplasms (EGNs), such as gastric adenomas and early gastric cancer, are risk factors for colorectal adenoma. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of colorectal adenomas in patients with EGN.
This prospective study was conducted between January 2015 and December 2016. Of the 307 patients who underwent gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection for EGN, 110 patients were enrolled in the EGN group, and 110 age- and sex-matched healthy persons from the screening population were included in the control group in a 1:1 ratio. Demographic factors and results of colonoscopy, including quality assessment, were collected, and analyzed.
No significant differences in the quality of colonoscopy, including bowel preparation, cecal intubation rate, and withdrawal time between the 2 groups, were observed. The incidence of colorectal adenoma was significantly higher in the EGN group than in the control group (55.5% vs 26.4%, P = .001). Multivariate analysis confirmed that old age (odds ratio: 1.04, 95% confidence interval: 1.01–1.08, P = .005) and a history of EGN (odds ratio: 4.99, 95% confidence interval: 2.60–9.57, P = .001) were independent risk factors for colorectal adenoma.
This is the first prospective study to reflect the quality indicator of colonoscopy and confirmed that old age and a history of EGN are significant risk factors for colorectal adenomas. Therefore, more stringent colonoscopy surveillance should be considered in elderly patients with EGN.
Association between body mass index and fecal calprotectin levels in children and adolescents with irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Kim Jun Hwan , Yi Dae Yong , Lee Yoo Min , Choi You Jin , Kim Ju Young , Hong Yong Hee , Park Ji Young , Kim Su Yeong , Lee Na Mi , Yun Sin Weon , Chae Soo Ahn , Lim In Seok , Choi Eung Sang , Jeong In Sook 
Published: August 2022

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common pediatric functional gastrointestinal disorder. It is characterized by recurrent abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits and is more prevalent in obese patients. We investigated the association between obesity and IBS in pediatric patients through fecal calprotectin testing.
Patients under 18 years of age with IBS who underwent fecal calprotectin testing from January 2015 through April 2020 were retrospectively investigated. The patients were divided into groups based on body mass index (BMI): group I (BMI < 85th percentile) and group II (BMI ≥ 85th percentile). Group II was divided into group IIa, overweight (85th percentile ≤ BMI < 95th percentile), and group IIb, obese (BMI ≥ 95th percentile).
Among 277 included patients, 202 (72.9%) were in group I, and 75 (27.1%) were in group II (mean calprotectin levels, 75.60 ± 103.48 vs 45.89 ± 66.57 µg/g, respectively; P = .006). There were significant differences in mean calprotectin levels between groups I and IIa (75.60 ± 103.48 vs 45.45 ± 63.38 µg/g, respectively; P = .028) and groups I and IIb (75.60 ± 103.48 vs 46.22 ± 69.59 µg/g, respectively; P = .025). There was a significant difference in mean calprotectin levels between groups I and II (85.69 ± 142.13 vs 32.04 ± 28.17 µg/g, respectively; P = .029) among patients between 6 and 12 years of age but not among adolescents aged between 12 and 18 years (P = .139). Fecal calprotectin was lower when moderate-to-severe fatty livers were observed by ultrasound compared with normal livers (68.52 ± 97.22 vs 18.53 ± 18.56 µg/g, respectively; P = .017).
Fecal calprotectin levels were higher in normal-weight pediatric IBS patients than in their obese counterparts, and this difference was more prominent in younger patients. In young children, IBS symptoms are thought to be influenced more by factors other than intestinal inflammation.
Compound Biejia-Ruangan tablet as an adjunctive therapy to entecavir for chronic hepatitis B complicated with hepatic fibrosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Xu Yong-hong , Xue Chuan 
Published: August 2022

Background:
The compound Biejia-Ruangan tablet (CBRT), as an adjunctive therapy to entecavir, is a potential treatment for hepatic fibrosis (HF) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (HBV). However, the present study yielded inconsistent results. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we comprehensively investigated the efficacy and safety of CBRT as an adjunctive modality to entecavir for the treatment of HBV infection complicated with HF.

Methods:
We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, CNKI, VIP, CBM, and Wangfang databases through April 1, 2022, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect and safety of CBRT as an adjunctive modality to entecavir for HBV complicated with HF. The primary outcomes were biochemical parameters of serum hyaluronic acid, laminin (LN), pretype-III collagen (PC-III), and type IV collagen (IV-C). The secondary outcomes were liver function indices of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and total bilirubin (TBiL) levels, total effect rate, and occurrence rate of adverse events. Two researchers independently conducted study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment. Statistical analysis was performed using the RevMan 5.3 software.

Results:
Eight RCTs involving 747 patients were included. Compared with entecavir monotherapy, CBRT as an adjunctive therapy to entecavir exerted more encouraging effect in serum levels of hyaluronic acid (mean difference [MD] = –28.15; 95% confidence interval [CI]: –43.82 to –12.47; P < .001), LN (MD = –29.46; 95% CI: –50.69 to –8.23; P < .001), PC-III (MD = –11.83; 95% CI: –19.43 to –4.23; P < .001), and IV-C (MD = –19.62; 95% CI: –29.76 to –9.49; P < .001); levels of serum ALT (MD = –16.83; 95% CI: –26.30 to –7.36; P < .001), AST (MD = –20.52; 95% CI: –33.11 to –7.93; P < .001), and TBiL (MD = –7.54; 95% CI: –11.58 to –3.49; P < .001); and total effect rate (odds ratio = 3.53; 95% CI: 1.71–7.29; P < .001). Meta-analysis results also showed that CBRT as an adjunctive therapy to entecavir had a lower occurrence rate of adverse events (odds ratio = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.22–1.34; P < .001) than entecavir alone.

Conclusion:
The results of this study showed that CBRT as an adjunctive modality to entecavir may benefit HBV patients complicated with HF. High-quality RCTs are needed to confirm the current findings in the future.
Comparison of mortality and its causes in patients with complicated systemic lupus erythematosus on hemodialysis versus peritoneal dialysis: A meta-analysis
Authors: Gou Wenjun , Tuo Yan Hong 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Lupus nephritis is one of the most serious complications of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Ten percent to 20% of patients with SLE progress to end-stage renal disease and would require renal replacement therapy or renal transplantation. In this analysis, we aimed to systematically compare mortality and the causes of mortality in patients with complicated SLE who were treated on hemodialysis (HD) versus peritoneal dialysis (PD).

Methods:
Cochrane Central, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Excerpta Medica dataBASE, and http://www.ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for studies that compared HD versus PD in patients with SLE. The RevMan software version 5.4 (RevMan software, Cochrane Collaborations, United Kingdom) was used to analyze data. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Q and the I
2 statistical tests. In this analysis, a random effects model was used during data assessment. Risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to represent the results following analysis.

Results:
A total number of 3405 SLE participants were included in this analysis, whereby 2841 were assigned to HD and 564 participants were assigned to PD. In patients with SLE who were on dialysis, our analysis showed that the risk of mortality was similar with HD and PD (RR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.45–1.07; P = .10). When the cause of mortality was analyzed, cardiovascular death (RR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.31–1.31; P = .22), death due to infection (RR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.47–1.17; P = .20), death due to a respiratory cause (RR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.18–6.21; P = .95), cause of death due to SLE flare up (RR, 2.54; 95% CI, 0.39–16.37; P = .33), and other causes of death (RR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.35–1.77; P = .57) were not significantly different with HD and PD.

Conclusion:
This current analysis showed that in SLE patients who required dialysis, the risk of mortality between HD and PD was similar, and the causes of death including cardiovascular, infective, respiratory, SLE flare up, and other causes were not significantly different. Therefore, both dialysis methods were tolerable in these patients with SLE. Further studies with larger data would be required to confirm this hypothesis.
Telehealth to Improve Perinatal Care Access
Authors: Stanley Angela Y. , Wallace Jerrol B. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The United States has the worst maternal mortality rate of peer countries. Since 1935, the maternal mortality risk among Black women has remained three to four times higher than that of White women. Perinatal health care is not available in all areas, which limits the access for certain groups. Many women in the United States live in maternity care deserts with no access to obstetric providers, whereas others live in areas with very limited access. One way to bridge the gap between effective perinatal care and access to care is use of telehealth. Telehealth allows health care providers to communicate directly with patients that cannot physically be seen in a clinic or hospital. Telehealth is endorsed by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists as an alternate mode to deliver prenatal and postpartum services. The potential for telehealth services as part of perinatal care to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality by improving access to care is presented.
A Rare Case of Fatal Thyroid Hemorrhage After Fine-Needle Aspiration
Authors: Bonsignore Alessandro , Drommi Martina , Frigiolini Francesca , Roncallo Anna , Ventura Francesco , Buffelli Francesca , Fulcheri Ezio 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Sudden death due to massive hemorrhage after a mini-invasive ambulatory diagnostic procedure is extremely rare. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of thyroid nodules is very safe, displaying a low rate of complications, all of which mild and often self-limiting. In few cases do these complications necessitate surgical decompression, and rarely does FNA of a thyroid nodule lead to the death of the patient.
We report a case of sudden death caused by respiratory insufficiency after compression of the vascular and nervous structures of the neck and obstruction of the upper airways by hemorrhages dissecting the thyroidal and perithyroidal tissues in a 78-year-old woman. These hemorrhages were the result of vascular lacerations caused during diagnostic FNA of a nodule suspected of malignancy. In such cases, it is important to conduct a complete autopsy and histological analysis to ascertain the origin of massive hemorrhage involving the structures of the neck and to attribute the cause of death to the aforementioned procedure. The forensic pathologist must bear in mind that even extremely small damage, such as that produced by a fine needle, may cause a fatal hemorrhage in subjects with a subverted anatomo-pathological picture (such as, for example, the massive fibrosis of an organ).
Safety and Feasibility of 1-Repetition Maximum (1-RM) Testing in Children and Adolescents With Bilateral Spastic Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Pontiff Mattie , Moreau Noelle G. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to standardize 1-repetition maximum (1-RM) testing procedures and evaluate the safety and feasibility of these procedures in youth with cerebral palsy (CP).

Methods:
Youth with CP completed 1-RM testing on a leg press.

Results:
Mean absolute, adjusted, and normalized 1-RM loads were 262.4 ± 161.3 lb, 127.0 ± 80.2 lb, and 1.28 ± 0.51, respectively, and 67% were able to successfully lift the same or heavier load after a single failure. Cessation of testing after 1 failed attempt resulted in a 19.0% underestimation of the 1-RM.

Conclusions:
1-RM testing in youth with CP is safe and feasible. Multiple attempts at a failed load should be provided to prevent underestimation in strength. The 1-RM test provides a more accurate strength assessment, which will improve the dosing for resistance training in youth with CP.
H151, A SMALL MOLECULE INHIBITOR OF STING AS A NOVEL THERAPEUTIC IN INTESTINAL ISCHEMIA–REPERFUSION INJURY
Authors: Kobritz Molly , Borjas Timothy , Patel Vihas , Coppa Gene , Aziz Monowar , Wang Ping 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Intestinal ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury is a severe disease associated with high mortality. Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an intracellular protein that is activated by cytosolic DNA and is implicated in I/R injury, resulting in transcription of type I interferons (IFN-α and IFN-β) and other proinflammatory molecules. Extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP), a damage-associated molecular pattern, induces STING activation. H151 is a small molecule inhibitor of STING that has not yet been studied as a potential therapeutic. We hypothesize that H151 reduces inflammation, tissue injury, and mortality after intestinal I/R. Methods: In vitro, RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with H151 then stimulated with recombinant murine (rm) CIRP, and IFN-β levels in the culture supernatant were measured at 24 hours after stimulation. In vivo, male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to 60-minute intestinal ischemia via superior mesenteric artery occlusion. At the time of reperfusion, mice were intraperitoneally instilled with H151 (10 mg/kg BW) or 10% Tween-80 in PBS (vehicle). Four hours after reperfusion, the small intestines, lungs, and serum were collected for analysis. Mice were monitored for 24 hours after intestinal I/R to assess survival. Results: In vitro, H151 reduced rmCIRP-induced IFN-β levels in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo, intestinal levels of pIRF3 were increased after intestinal I/R and decreased after H151 treatment. There was an increase in serum levels of tissue injury markers (lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase) and cytokine levels (interleukin 1β, interleukin 6) after intestinal I/R, and these levels were decreased after H151 treatment. Ischemia-reperfusion–induced intestinal and lung injury and inflammation were significantly reduced after H151 treatment, as evaluated by histopathologic assessment, measurement of cell death, chemokine expression, neutrophil infiltration, and myeloperoxidase activity. Finally, H151 improved the survival rate from 41% to 81% after intestinal I/R. Conclusions: H151, a novel STING inhibitor, attenuates the inflammatory response and reduces tissue injury and mortality in a murine model of intestinal I/R. H151 shows promise as a potential therapeutic in the treatment of this disease.
Is Laparoscopy Underutilized for Sigmoid Volvulus?
Authors: Nguyen Scott H. , Tavares Kelli , Chinn Ashley , Russell Dylan , Gillern Suzanne , Yheulon Christopher 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
Minimally invasive surgery has become increasingly prevalent. However, the majority of colectomies for volvulus are still performed via an open technique. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a difference in outcomes between laparoscopic and open procedures for sigmoid volvulus.

Materials and Methods:
The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program and colectomy-targeted procedure databases were queried from 2013 to 2018. Patients undergoing partial colectomy without ileal resection for the indication of volvulus were compared based on approach (planned laparoscopic vs. planned open). The 2 groups were propensity score matched for perioperative variables. A subgroup analysis was performed comparing unplanned laparoscopic conversion to open (CTO) with planned open procedures. The primary outcomes were overall morbidity, mortality, and length of stay.

Results:
Total 2493 patients were identified. Four hundred ninety-two cases began laparoscopically (20%), of which 391 were completed laparoscopically (79%). Laparoscopic approach was associated with longer operative times (133 vs. 104 min, P<0.001). Laparoscopic approach was associated with decreased overall morbidity (OR: 0.71, 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.93) and decreased length of stay when >7 days (OR: 0.70, 95% CI, 0.52 to 0.94). On subgroup analysis, there was no difference in outcomes when comparing unplanned CTO to planned open approach.

Conclusions:
Laparoscopic approach is used in a fraction of cases for colonic volvulus. When utilized, the majority are completed without CTO. Laparoscopy is associated with fewer complications and shorter hospital stays. Even with unplanned conversion to open, there is no difference in outcomes compared against planned open procedures. Surgeons should consider the utilization of laparoscopy for colonic volvulus.
Transcystic Choledochoscopy Utilizing a Disposable Choledochoscope: How We Do It
Authors: Campbell John , Pryor Aurora , Docimo Salvatore 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Biliary disease is common occurrence and can make up a large portion of the practice of a general surgeon. Choledocholithasis is a common entity amongst those with biliary disease. Although modern trends favor endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and other imaging modalities for the diagnosis and management of choledocholithiasis, laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) is likely underutilized.

Methods:
A literature summary utilizing a PUBMED search was performed to provide an up-to-date account regarding the latest data on LCBDE. A video identifying and explaining the critical components of a LBCDE procedure is provided.

Results:
LCBDE is an underutilized procedure which offers equivalent clinical outcomes compared with ERCP along with a shorter length of stay and reduced costs. LCBDE is also noted to be an effective option for common bile duct stones in the setting of altered anatomy, such as a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Conclusion:
Although modern trends favor ERCP and other imaging modalities for the diagnosis and management of choledocholithiasis, LCBDE is likely underutilized by surgeons. LCBDE can provide many benefits to patients including avoidance of additional procedures, shorter length of stay, higher success rates, and less costs. Out video should act is a guide for those surgeons interested in implementation LCBDE in their practice.
Psychological mechanisms of offset analgesia: The effect of expectancy manipulation
Authors: Szikszay Tibor M. , Adamczyk Wacław M. , Panskus Janina , Heimes Lotte , David Carolin , Gouverneur Philip , Luedtke Kerstin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA frequently used paradigm to quantify endogenous pain modulation is offset analgesia, which is defined as a disproportionate large reduction in pain following a small decrease in a heat stimulus. The aim of this study was to determine whether suggestion influences the magnitude of offset analgesia in healthy participants. A total of 97 participants were randomized into three groups (hypoalgesic group, hyperalgesic group, control group). All participants received four heat stimuli (two constant trials and two offset trials) to the ventral, non-dominant forearm while they were asked to rate their perceived pain using a computerized visual analogue scale. In addition, electrodermal activity was measured during each heat stimulus. Participants in both intervention groups were given a visual and verbal suggestion about the expected pain response in an hypoalgesic and hyperalgesic manner. The control group received no suggestion. In all groups, significant offset analgesia was provoked, indicated by reduced pain ratings (p < 0.001) and enhanced electrodermal activity level (p < 0.01). A significant group difference in the magnitude of offset analgesia was found between the three groups (F[2,94] = 4.81, p < 0.05). Participants in the hyperalgesic group perceived significantly more pain than the hypoalgesic group (p = 0.031) and the control group (p < 0.05). However, the electrodermal activity data did not replicate this trend (p > 0.05). The results of this study indicate that suggestion can be effective to reduce but not increase endogenous pain modulation quantified by offset analgesia in healthy participants.
Modeling genotype × environment interaction for single- and multi-trait genomic prediction in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Authors: Cuevas Jaime , Reslow Fredrik , Crossa Jose , Ortiz Rodomiro 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTIn this study we extend research on genomic prediction (GP) to polysomic polyploid plant species with the main objective to investigate single trait (ST) versus multi-trait (MT) for multi-environment (ME) models for the combination of three locations in Sweden (Helgegården [HEL], Mosslunda [MOS], Umeå [UM]) over two year-trials (2020, 2021) of 253 potato cultivars and breeding clones for five tuber weight traits and two tuber flesh quality characteristics. This research investigated the GP of four genome-based prediction models with genotype ×environment interactions (GE): (1) single trait reaction norm model (M1), (2) single trait model considering covariances between environments (M2), (3) single trait M2 extended to include a random vector that utilizes the environmental covariances (M3) and (4) multi-trait model with GE (M4). Several prediction problems were analyzed for each of the GP accuracy of the four models. Results of the prediction of traits in HEL, the high yield potential testing site in 2021, show that the best predicted traits were tuber flesh starch (%), weight of tuber above 60 or below 40 mm in size, and total tuber weight. In terms of GP, accuracy model M4 gave the best prediction accuracy in three traits, namely tuber weight of 40–50 or above 60 mm in size, and total tuber weight and very similar in the starch trait. For MOS in 2021, the best predictive traits were starch, weight of tuber above 60, 50–60, or below 40 mm in size, and total tuber weight. MT model M4 was the best GP model based on its accuracy when some cultivars are observed in some traits. For GP accuracy of traits in UM in 2021, the best predictive traits were weight of tuber above 60, 50–60, or below 40 mm in size and the best model was MT M4 followed by models ST M3 and M2.