bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linear and nonlinear optical properties of 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-chlorophenyl) triazene
Authors: Mostaghni Fatemeh , Shafiekhani Homa , Madadi Mahani Nosrat 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this research, 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-chlorophenyl) triazene was studied as a compound with high nonlinear optical properties for use in optical devices. For this purpose, the compound was synthesized and its structure was identified by melting point and infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Then, the bandgap energy of the title compound was determined to be 2.4 eV using the Tauc relation. Density functional theory and time-dependent methods were used for calculations of magnetic moment, natural band orbital, analysis of frontier molecular orbitals, first and second order hyperpolarizability. The results showed a dipole moment of 2.45 Debye for the molecule. The calculation of the hyperpolarizability showed the values of −109.6, 128.9 and −3694 a.u. for the first, second and third order polarizability respectively. Finally, the experimental and computational results showed that the compound has significant nonlinear optical properties and will be suitable for nonlinear optics studies and applications in optical devices.
Double-sided liquid crystal metasurfaces for electrically and mechanically controlled broadband visible anomalous refraction
Authors: Gorkunov Maxim V. , Mamonova Alena V. , Kasyanova Irina V. , Ezhov Alexander A. , Artemov Vladimir V. , Simdyankin Ivan V. , Geivandov Artur R. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Liquid crystals self-assemble on nanopatterned alignment layers into purely soft matter metasurfaces sensitive to external stimuli and imparting tailored spatial modulations to transmitted light wavefronts. Upon fine optimization, they are capable of efficient light deflection by virtue of anomalous refraction into a dominating transmission diffraction order. To expand the spectral range and acquire additional functionality, we put forward the double-sided metasurface design based on the liquid crystal alignment by a pair of complementing patterned substrates. We numerically optimize, fabricate, and experimentally characterize metasurfaces refracting red light with an efficiency of up to 70% and sustaining the efficiency above 50% in a broad range of visible wavelengths exceeding 500 nm. We verify that the refraction is reversibly switched in less than 10 ms by voltages of a few volts. We also report on a remarkable mechanical reconfigurability, as micrometer-scale relative substrate shift flips the refraction direction.
Beyond-hot-spot absorption enhancement on top of terahertz nanotrenches
Authors: Jeong Jeeyoon , Kim Dai-Sik , Park Hyeong-Ryeol 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Metallic nanogaps are being widely used for sensing applications, owing to their ability to confine and enhance electromagnetic field within the hot spots. Since the enhanced field does not confine itself perfectly within the gap, however, fringe fields well away from the gap are of potential use as well in real systems. Here, we extend the concept of near field absorption enhancement by quantitatively analyzing terahertz absorption behavior of water molecules outside the hot spots of sub-20 nm-wide, ∼100 μm-long nanotrenches. Contrary to point-gaps which show negligible field enhancement at distances larger than the gap width, our extended nanogap act as a line source, incorporating significant amount of absorption enhancement at much longer distances. We observe absorption enhancement factors of up to 3600 on top of a 5 nm-wide gap, and still well over 300 at 15 nm away. The finding is well supported by theoretical analyses including modal expansion calculations, Kirchhoff integral formalism and antenna theory. Our results provide means to quantitatively analyze light-matter interactions beyond the hot spot picture and enable application of nanogaps for sensitive surface analyses of various material systems.
The crystal structure of [(1,10-phenantroline-κ2
N,N′)-bis(6-phenylpyridine-2-carboxylato-κ2
N,O)manganese(II)] monohydrate, C36H26N4O5Mn
Authors: Hua-Xiang Zhang , Xi-Shi Tai 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
C36H26N4O5Mn, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 10.7134(7) Å, b = 10.7573(10) Å, c = 26.6304(18) Å, β = 90°, V = 3069.1(4) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0454, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0890, T = 220 K.
Crystal structure of 2-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-dioxane-5-carboxylic acid, C12H13N1O7
Authors: Jia Guo-Kai , Yuan Xian-You 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
C12H13N1O7, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 11.416(7) Å, b = 13.860(8) Å, c = 8.215(5) Å, β = 99.607(6)°, V = 1281.6(13) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0433, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1274, T = 293(2) K.
Communication students’ anxiety in speaking skill practice
Authors: Sholikhi Fu'ad 
Published: May 2022

Students majoring in communication believe that their nervousness when speaking will affect their lives. It will either limit their employment opportunities or cause them to perform poorly at work. In the digital era, English speaking is very important to communicate with other members of an organization. There are limited discussions about speaking anxiety in ESP class and students majoring in communication studies are expected to convey their messages persuasively in an organization. So, descriptive qualitative research was utilized by the researcher to describe speaking anxiety in ESP class; Types of Speaking Anxiety, Factors of Speaking Anxiety, Reducing Speaking Anxiety. Semi-structured interviews and observations were the sources in this study with 19 students involved. Three natural phenomena in speaking anxiety or research problems in speaking anxiety were analyzed using data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The results showed that Communication Apprehension, Fear of Negative Acceptance, and Test Anxiety existed among the students in speaking class. They can overcome it using YouTube videos as references and community supports (teacher and close-friends). This study also found that students majoring in communication studies experience trait anxiety (one person), state anxiety (ten students), and situation-specific anxiety (eight students). Based on this result, further researchers related to speaking anxiety are to revise the approach using the mixed method in ESP class. These suggestions are to enrich speaking anxiety for English Specific Purposes, such as midwife students and economic students.
3-PEP promotes bone regeneration by up regulating BCL-2 expression via ERK phosphorylation
Authors: Tripathi Alok , Awasthi Pallavi , Rawat Kundan Singh , Dwivedi Atma P , Singh Krishna Bhan , Sharma Kriti , Prakash Ravi , Singh Divya , Goel Atul 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Bone healing and regeneration is a complex process that recapitulates embryonic skeletal development and is delayed in diseases like osteoporosis. Bone healing therapies like recombinant bone morphogenetic-2 protein (rhBMP-2) and parathyroid hormone (PTH), an approved bone anabolic therapy reduces fracture risks but are fraught with high cost and several side effects. Thus, there is an unmet need for cost-effective bone healing agents. In this study, we have synthesized 3-piperidinylethoxypterocarpan (3-PEP) which is a hybrid of bone supplement ipriflavone and anti-resorptive drug raloxifene and evaluated its bone regeneration and healing potential. Prior to studies in animal models, the potency of 3-PEP was confirmed in calvarial osteoblast cells. Bromodeoxy uridine cell proliferation and cell viability assay revealed that 3-PEP at 100 pM concentration increased the proliferation and survival of osteoblasts simultaneously inhibiting the apoptosis by involving activation of BCL-2 by phosphorylation at Ser70 site through MEK-ERK pathway. In vivo studies were conducted in estrogen-deficient ovariectomized Balb/c mice and drill hole injury was generated in the mid diaphysis of the femur in all the animals. Treatment with 3-PEP commenced the next day onward and terminated at 7 and 15 days. Micro-CT analysis and calcein labeling of newly generated bone at the drill hole injury site showed that 3-PEP promotes bone healing and new bone formation at a dose of 5 mg/kg at the injury site. These data were also corroborated in non-ovariectomized Balb/c mice cortical defect model. Owing to the side effects associated with rhBMP-2 and PTH, along with the expenses involved, our study proposes an alternative therapeutic option for bone healing.
Payer-Related Sources of Variation in Febrile Infant Management Before and After a National Practice Standardization Initiative
Authors: DePorre Adrienne G. , Richardson Troy , McCulloh Russell , Bettenhausen Jessica L. , Markham Jessica L. 
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVES
Sources of variation within febrile infant management are incompletely described. In 2016, a national standardization quality improvement initiative, Reducing Excessive Variation in Infant Sepsis Evaluations (REVISE) was implemented. We sought to: (1) describe sociodemographic factors influencing laboratory obtainment and hospitalization among febrile infants and (2) examine the association of REVISE on any identified sources of practice variation.

METHODS
We included febrile infants ≤60 days of age evaluated between December 1, 2015 and November 30, 2018 at Pediatric Health Information System-reporting hospitals. Patient demographics and hospital characteristics, including participation in REVISE, were identified. Factors associated with variation in febrile infant management were described in relation to the timing of the REVISE initiative.

RESULTS
We identified 32 572 febrile infants in our study period. Pre-REVISE, payer-type was associated with variation in laboratory obtainment and hospitalization. Compared with those with private insurance, infants with self-pay (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.43, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.22–0.5) or government insurance (aOR 0.67, 95% CI 0.60–0.75) had lower odds of receiving laboratories, and self-pay infants had lower odds of hospitalization (aOR 0.38, 95% CI 0.28–0.51). Post-REVISE, payer-related disparities in care remained. Disparities in care were not associated with REVISE participation, as the interaction of time and payer was not statistically different between non-REVISE and REVISE centers for either laboratory obtainment (P = .09) or hospitalization (P = .67).

CONCLUSIONS
Payer-related care inequalities exist for febrile infants. Patterns in disparities were similar over time for both non-REVISE and REVISE-participating hospitals. Further work is needed to better understand the role of standardization projects in reducing health disparities.
Reducing Pediatric Emergency Department Prescription Errors
Authors: Devarajan Veena , Nadeau Nicole L. , Creedon Jessica K. , Dribin Timothy E. , Lin Margaret , Hirsch Alexander W. , Neal Jeffrey T. , Stewart Amanda , Popovsky Erica , Levitt Danielle , Hoffmann Jennifer A. , Lee Michael , Perron Catherine , Shah Dhara , Eisenberg Matthew A. , Hudgins Joel D. 
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND
Prescription errors are a significant cause of iatrogenic harm in the health care system. Pediatric emergency department (ED) patients are particularly vulnerable to error. We sought to decrease prescription errors in an academic pediatric ED by 20% over a 24-month period by implementing identified national best practice guidelines.

METHODS
From 2017 to 2019, a multidisciplinary, fellow-driven quality improvement (QI) project was conducted using the Model for Improvement. Four key drivers were identified including simplifying the electronic order entry into prescription folders, improving knowledge of dosing by indication, increasing error feedback to prescribers, and creating awareness of common prescription pitfalls. Four interventions were subsequently implemented. Outcome measures included prescription errors per 1000 prescriptions written for all medications and top 10 error-prone antibiotics. Process measures included provider awareness and use of prescription folders; the balancing measure was provider satisfaction. Differences in outcome measures were assessed by statistical process control methodology. Process and balancing measures were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance and χ2 testing.

RESULTS
Before our interventions, 8.6 errors per 1000 prescriptions written were identified, with 62% of errors from the top 10 most error-prone antibiotics. After interventions, error rate per 1000 prescriptions decreased from 8.6 to 4.5 overall and from 20.1 to 8.8 for top 10 error-prone antibiotics. Provider awareness of prescription folders was significantly increased.

CONCLUSION
QI efforts to implement previously defined best practices, including simplifying and standardizing computerized provider order entry (CPOE), significantly reduced prescription errors. Synergistic effect of educational and technological efforts likely contributed to the measured improvement.
DOES MANAGEMENT OF PRODUCTIVE ZAKAT AFFECT ON MUSTAHIQ EMPOWERMENT IN BAZNAS SOUTH SUMATRA?
Authors: Adawiyah Romadona , Akbar Dinnul Alfian , Africano Fernando 
Published: May 2022

This research aims to discover the influence of management of productive zakat on the mustahiq in the BAZNAS South Sumatra province, Indonesia. Data collection method used in this research utilized questionnaire in likert scale. Wherein all of 30 residents (population) are being used as sample (census technique). The F test, t test and the coefficient determinan (R2) showed that management of productive zakat has a positive and significant impact on mustahiq empowerment in (BAZNAS) south sumatra province
Keyword: the management of productive zakat, empowerment of mustahiq.
OMBUDSMAN OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA SUPERVISION OF NOTARY SUPERVISORY COUNCIL
Authors: Harahap Meilisa Fitri , Efendi Roni 
Published: May 2022

Notary Supervisory Council (MPN), which is suspected of having maladministration in the form of lengthy delays in the rapporteur's certainty about his report to the notary, so that the rapporteur reports to the Ombudsman. The Ombudsman, as a government agency for civil servants, has the power to monitor service providers, including those provided by the Notary Board (MPN). The urgency of this research is to review the legality of the Ombudsman in overseeing the MPI. This research is normative and empirical legal research that uses qualitative analysis. This research shows that the MPN is authorized to supervise and supervise notaries in the provision of public services in the form of administrative services and services, so that the MPN is under the Ombudsman's supervision. The Ombudsman's completion of reports of alleged maladministration by the MPN relies on public reports and then follows them up according to the Ombudsman's authority. The Ombudsman examined and followed up the report so that the MPP immediately forwarded the decision to the notary with a written warning.
Key words: Supervision, Ombudsman, the Brethren of the notary
MAQÂSHID AL-SYARÎʻAH AND HUMAN RIGHTS PROBLEMS
Authors: Purnomo Bitoh 
Published: May 2022

Islam is a religion with a welfare orientation not only for Muslimsbut also for all humanity. Thus, a guide in Islam must certainly aim for goodand benefit, and vice versa. However, several guidelines in Islam haveclashed with various things including clashing with Human Rights, such asthe application of Jizyah in an Islamic government is considered contrary tohuman rights, this is because Jizyah is only required for non-Muslims (kafirDzimi) and not obliged by the Muslim community itself. Based on thebackground, this research aims to know, review, and explain how ShariaMaqashid as a method of Instinbath law such a response to human rightsproblems? This research used normative law research with the descriptiveanalytical specification. The law materials used primary, secondary, andtertiary substances. The collection of law materials in this research pursuedby conducting literature research and document studies. The main approachwas taken by doctrinal. Based on the results of this study it can be concludedthat between the Maqsidan and the realization of human rights (HAM) thereis a close and inseparable relationship. The obligation of Jizyah for nonMuslims (kafir Dzimi) in an Islamic government is precisely a form of justicethat does not contrary toward human rights, this because the obligation ofJizyah is a form of non-Muslim contributions (kafir Dzimi) as the obligationof zakat for Muslim communities towards an Islamic government. It can beconcluded that both Muslims and non-Muslims (kafir Dzimi) should not bediscriminated against in the government. Thus, this affirms that theguidance of Islam and human rights does not contradictory to one another ifcomprehensively studied with the Maqashid sharia approach.
Keyword: Maqosid, fitrah, attitude
Forradalmi és csataképek. Jókai novelláskötete a szabadságharc után
Authors: Adamikné Jászó Anna 
Published: May 2022

A novellák a szabadságharc leverése után, 1850 júliusában jelentek meg Sajó álnéven, de mindenki tudta, ki rejtőzik az álnév mögött. Nagy népszerűséget hoztak Jókainak, mivel vigaszt nyújtottak a szomorú országnak, és nemcsak vigaszt, hanem erkölcsi útmutatást is adtak. A tanulmány bemutatja a novellákat, ezek előterében olyan emberi sorsokat rajzol az író, amelyekkel azonosulni lehetett. A történelmi események a háttérben húzódnak meg, valósághű ábrázolással. A novellák szerkezete sokféle, későbbi, modern struktúrákat előlegez meg. Stílusuk is sokszínű – mindig a tartalomnak megfelelően. A megrázó érzelmeket fennkölt stílus jellemzi, elsősorban alakzatokkal ékesítve, gyakran ritmikus prózában. Ez a fennkölt stílus indokolt, sokszor az enthümémára épülő érvelés része. Az iskolai magyartanításban nem szoktunk figyelmet fordítani Jókai novelláira. A Csataképeket be lehetne mutatni a tanulóknak, mind történelem-, mind irodalomórákon, nemcsak ismeretközlés, hanem stilisztikai elemzés céljából is. Különösen alkalmas erre A fehér angyal és A kis szürke ember, már csak azért is, mert rövidek, felolvashatók, izgalmas beszélgetéseket ösztönözhetnek, és a Jókai által tisztelt Görgeyről és Bemről szólnak.
Organic Matter Enrichment of Black Shale at the Turn of Ordovician-Silurian in the Paleosedimentary Center in Southern Sichuan Basin, Upper Yangtze Area
Authors: Cui Yue , Li Xizhe , Han Lingling , Guo Wei , Lin Wei , Chang Rui , Shen Weijun , Huang Yize , Qian Chao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Herein, integrated vertical variation characteristic analysis was conducted by measuring total organic carbon (TOC), major and trace elements in Upper Ordovician-Lower Silurian (Wufeng-Longmaxi formations) black shale in Weiyuan, Luzhou, and Changning areas, southern Sichuan Basin to clarify the control of organic matter (OM) enrichment in different sublayers. According to the cycle boundary, it was divided into member 1 (submember 1 and submember 2) and member 2 from early to late Longmaxi formation, while it was divided into 4 sublayers from early to late during submember 1 depositional period. Under the warm and humid paleoclimate, high paleoproductivity, and gradually oxic paleoredox conditions, the TOC content (0.22-3.27 wt% in Luzhou area) in Wufeng formation increased gradually from early to late under the cocontrolling of tectonic framework and stagnant sea. After the glacial period, the warm and humid climate of Wufeng formation continued in Longmaxi formation, and TOC content reached the highest in sublayer 1 (2.02-4.02 wt%, 4.78 wt%, and 6.45 wt% in Weiyuan, Luzhou, and Changning areas, respectively), due to the high paleoproductivity and high sea level caused by melting glaciers, causing the extremely anoxic environment. The OM was preserved best. It remains higher in sublayer 2 (2.39 wt%, 3.69-4.18 wt%, and 3.5-3.86 wt% in three areas, respectively) because of the anoxic environment caused by deep water and the high paleoproductivity, but the temporary hot and dry environment has a certain negative impact on the OM preservation. Under the stable paleoproductivity, sublayer 3 has a character of water decreasing slowly, and the suboxic environment led to the decrease of TOC content (3.82-5.28 wt% and 3.77-4.13 wt% in Luzhou and Changning areas, respectively). Meanwhile, that in the yuan area became deeper and the TOC content became relatively higher (1.92-3.33 wt%). Under the open environment, sublayer 4 was controlled by lower sea level caused by regression, resulting in lower TOC content (1.31-4.57 wt%, 1.64-3.52 wt%, and 3.88-4.49 wt% in three areas, respectively). However, the global regression of the submember 2 period, high terrigenous debris dilution, and oxic environment lead to the no preservation of OM. Generally speaking, the enrichment of OM is not only affected by the changes of global sea level and paleoproductivity to some extent (Longmaxi shale) but also controlled by the tectonic framework in Sichuan Basin (Wufeng shale). The findings of this study can help for a better understanding of the OM enrichment mechanism and provide a theoretical basis for the evaluation of high-quality source rocks.
The Effect of Alkaline on the Properties of Combination Flooding Agent During Long Distance Migration in Daqing Oilfield
Authors: Zhou Xiaofeng , Wei Jianguang , Yang Ying , Le Shihao , Jia Bao , Shang Demiao , Pu Baoping , Zhang Zongxun , Ma Yunfei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Combination flooding, which performs well on both sweep efficiency and displacement efficiency, is being extensively utilized in Daqing Oilfield. Surfactant-polymer (SP) flooding and alkaline-surfactant-polymer (ASP) flooding are two of the most used combination flooding techniques. According to the findings, alkaline lowers the oil-water interfacial tension and reduces the other component’s adsorption. Nevertheless, alkaline also has negative effects like scaling and cost increasing. Therefore, the use of alkaline in combination flooding is still disputed. In order to clarify the role of alkaline on combination flooding, SP and ASP flooding comparative tests are conducted with typical formula in Daqing Oilfield. A 3000-centimeter long model is built to simulate long distance migration for the property change study. During the flooding, fluid samples are obtained along the model, and the properties of the samples such as viscosity, interfacial tension (IFT), and components concentration are measured. According to the findings, the 3.60 percent higher recovery rate caused by ASP flooding compared to SP flooding is primarily due to the near inlet area. In ASP flooding, alkaline reduces polymer and surfactant near inlet dynamic retention by 20.16% and 13.43%, respectively, when compared to SP flooding. Besides, alkaline also maintains viscosity at a higher level and IFT at a lower level in the first third of the well spacing in ASP flooding. Consequently, the effects of alkaline are noticeable in the near inlet area and fade as distance increase.