bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural insight into Tn3 family transposition mechanism
Authors: Shkumatov Alexander V. , Aryanpour Nicolas , Oger Cédric A. , Goossens Gérôme , Hallet Bernard F. , Efremov Rouslan G. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTransposons are diverse mobile genetic elements that play the critical role as genome architects in all domains of life. Tn3 is a widespread family and among the first identified bacterial transposons famed for their contribution to the dissemination of antibiotic resistance. Transposition within this family is mediated by a large TnpA transposase, which facilitates both transposition and target immunity. Howtever, a structural framework required for understanding the mechanism of TnpA transposition is lacking. Here, we describe the cryo-EM structures of TnpA from Tn4430 in the apo form and paired with transposon ends before and after DNA cleavage and strand transfer. We show that TnpA has an unusual architecture and exhibits a family specific regulatory mechanism involving metamorphic refolding of the RNase H-like catalytic domain. The TnpA structure, constrained by a double dimerization interface, creates a peculiar topology that suggests a specific role for the target DNA in transpososome assembly and activation.
Designing fuel cell catalyst support for superior catalytic activity and low mass-transport resistance
Authors: Islam Muhammad Naoshad , Mansoor Basha Abdul Bashith , Kollath Vinayaraj Ozhukil , Soleymani Amir Peyman , Jankovic Jasna , Karan Kunal 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe development of low-Platinum content polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) has been hindered by inexplicable reduction of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity and unexpected O2 mass transport resistance when catalysts have been interfaced with ionomer in a cathode catalyst layer. In this study, we introduce a bottom-up designed spherical carbon support with intrinsic Nitrogen-doping that permits uniform dispersion of Pt catalyst, which reproducibly exhibits high ORR mass activity of 638 ± 68 mA mgPt−1 at 0.9 V and 100% relative humidity (RH) in a membrane electrode assembly. The uniformly distributed Nitrogen-functional surface groups on the carbon support surface promote high ionomer coverage directly evidenced by high-resolution electron microscopy and nearly humidity-independent double layer capacitance. The hydrophilic nature of the carbon surface appears to ensure high activity and performance for operation over a broad range of RH. The paradigm challenging large carbon support (~135 nm) combined with favourable ionomer film structure, hypothesized recently to arise from the interactions of an ionic moiety of the ionomer and Nitrogen-functional group of the catalyst support, results in an unprecedented low local oxygen transport resistance (5.0 s cm−1) for ultra-low Pt loading (34 ± 2 μgPt cm−2) catalyst layer.
Mitophagy and reactive oxygen species interplay in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Xiao Bin , Kuruvilla Joshua , Tan Eng-King 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMitophagy impairment and oxidative stress are cardinal pathological hallmarks in Parkinson’s disease (PD), a common age-related neurodegenerative condition. The specific interactions between mitophagy and reactive oxygen species (ROS) have attracted considerable attention even though their exact interplay in PD has not been fully elucidated. We highlight the interactions between ROS and mitophagy, with a focus on the signalling pathways downstream to ROS that triggers mitophagy and draw attention to potential therapeutic compounds that target these pathways in both experimental and clinical models. Identifying a combination of ROS inhibitors and mitophagy activators to provide a physiologic balance in this complex signalling pathways may lead to a more optimal outcome. Deciphering the exact temporal relationship between mitophagy and oxidative stress and their triggers early in the course of neurodegeneration can unravel mechanistic clues that potentially lead to the development of compounds for clinical drug trials focusing on prodromic PD or at-risk individuals.
A systematic review of interventions to recognise, refer and diagnose patients with lung cancer symptoms
Authors: Saab Mohamad M. , McCarthy Megan , O’Driscoll Michelle , Sahm Laura J. , Leahy-Warren Patricia , Noonan Brendan , FitzGerald Serena , O’Malley Maria , Lyons Noreen , Burns Heather E. , Kennedy Una , Lyng Áine , Hegarty Josephine 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPatients with lung cancer (LC) often experience delay between symptom onset and treatment. Primary healthcare professionals (HCPs) can help facilitate early diagnosis of LC through recognising early signs and symptoms and making appropriate referrals. This systematic review describes the effect of interventions aimed at helping HCPs recognise and refer individuals with symptoms suggestive of LC. Seven studies were synthesised narratively. Outcomes were categorised into: Diagnostic intervals; referral and diagnosis patterns; stage distribution at diagnosis; and time interval from diagnosis to treatment. Rapid access pathways and continuing medical education for general practitioners can help reduce LC diagnostic and treatment delay. Awareness campaigns and HCP education can help inform primary HCPs about referral pathways. However, campaigns did not significantly impact LC referral rates or reduce diagnostic intervals. Disease outcomes, such as LC stage at diagnosis, recurrence, and survival were seldom measured. Review findings highlight the need for longitudinal, powered, and controlled studies.
Robust quantum-network memory based on spin qubits in isotopically engineered diamond
Authors: Bradley C. E. , de Bone S. W. , Möller P. F. W. , Baier S. , Degen M. J. , Loenen S. J. H. , Bartling H. P. , Markham M. , Twitchen D. J. , Hanson R. , Elkouss D. , Taminiau T. H. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractQuantum networks can enable quantum communication and modular quantum computation. A powerful approach is to use multi-qubit nodes that provide quantum memory and computational power. Nuclear spins associated with defects in diamond are promising qubits for this role. However, dephasing during optical entanglement distribution hinders scaling to larger systems. Here, we show that a 13C-spin quantum memory in isotopically engineered diamond is robust to the optical link operation of a nitrogen-vacancy centre. The memory lifetime is improved by two orders-of-magnitude upon the state-of-the-art, surpassing reported times for entanglement distribution. Additionally, we demonstrate that the nuclear-spin state can survive ionisation and recapture of the nitrogen-vacancy electron. Finally, we use simulations to show that combining this memory with previously demonstrated entanglement links and gates can enable key network primitives, such as deterministic non-local two-qubit gates, paving the way for test-bed quantum networks capable of investigating complex algorithms and error correction.
An interactive mass spectrometry atlas of histone posttranslational modifications in T-cell acute leukemia
Authors: Provez Lien , Van Puyvelde Bart , Corveleyn Laura , Demeulemeester Nina , Verhelst Sigrid , Lintermans Béatrice , Daled Simon , Roels Juliette , Clement Lieven , Martens Lennart , Deforce Dieter , Van Vlierberghe Pieter , Dhaenens Maarten 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe holistic nature of omics studies makes them ideally suited to generate hypotheses on health and disease. Sequencing-based genomics and mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics are linked through epigenetic regulation mechanisms. However, epigenomics is currently mainly focused on DNA methylation status using sequencing technologies, while studying histone posttranslational modifications (hPTMs) using MS is lagging, partly because reuse of raw data is impractical. Yet, targeting hPTMs using epidrugs is an established promising research avenue in cancer treatment. Therefore, we here present the most comprehensive MS-based preprocessed hPTM atlas to date, including 21 T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cell lines. We present the data in an intuitive and browsable single licensed Progenesis QIP project and provide all essential quality metrics, allowing users to assess the quality of the data, edit individual peptides, try novel annotation algorithms and export both peptide and protein data for downstream analyses, exemplified by the PeptidoformViz tool. This data resource sets the stage for generalizing MS-based histone analysis and provides the first reusable histone dataset for epidrug development.
Dataset of parent-child hyperscanning functional near-infrared spectroscopy recordings
Authors: Bizzego Andrea , Gabrieli Giulio , Azhari Atiqah , Lim Mengyu , Esposito Gianluca 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe term “hyperscanning” refers to the simultaneous recording of multiple individuals’ brain activity. As a methodology, hyperscanning allows the investigation of brain-to-brain synchrony. Despite being a promising technique, there is a limited number of publicly available functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) hyperscanning recordings. In this paper, we report a dataset of fNIRS recordings from the prefrontal cortical (PFC) activity of 33 mother-child dyads and 29 father-child dyads. Data was recorded while the parent-child dyads participated in an experiment with two sessions: a passive video attention task and a free play session. Dyadic metadata, parental psychological traits, behavioural annotations of the play sessions and information about the video stimuli complementing the dataset of fNIRS signals are described. The dataset presented here can be used to design, implement, and test novel fNIRS analysis techniques, new hyperscanning analysis tools, as well as investigate the PFC activity in participants of different ages when they engage in passive viewing tasks and active interactive tasks.
Salt tolerance QTLs of an endemic rice landrace, Horkuch at seedling and reproductive stages
Authors: Haque Taslima , Elias Sabrina M. , Razzaque Samsad , Biswas Sudip , Khan Sumaiya Farah , Jewel G. M. Nurnabi Azad , Rahman Md. Sazzadur , Juenger Thomas E. , Seraj Zeba I. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSalinity has a significant negative impact on production of rice. To cope with the increased soil salinity due to climate change, we need to develop salt tolerant rice varieties that can maintain their high yield. Rice landraces indigenous to coastal Bangladesh can be a great resource to study the genetic basis of salt adaptation. In this study, we implemented a QTL analysis framework with a reciprocal mapping population developed from a salt tolerant landrace Horkuch and a high yielding rice variety IR29. Our aim was to detect genetic loci that contributes to the salt adaptive responses of the two different developmental stages of rice which are very sensitive to salinity stress. We identified 14 QTLs for 9 traits and found that most are unique to specific developmental stages. In addition, we detected a significant effect of the cytoplasmic genome on the QTL model for some traits such as leaf total potassium and filled grain weight. This underscores the importance of considering cytoplasm-nuclear interaction for breeding programs. Finally, we identified QTLs co-localization for multiple traits that highlights the possible constraint of multiple QTL selection for breeding programs due to different contributions of a donor allele for different traits.
Broadband infrared study of pressure-tunable Fano resonance and metallization transition in 2H-$$\hbox {MoTe}_2$$
Authors: Stellino E. , Capitani F. , Ripanti F. , Verseils M. , Petrillo C. , Dore P. , Postorino P. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHigh pressure is a proven effective tool for modulating inter-layer interactions in semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides, which leads to significant band structure changes. Here, we present an extended infrared study of the pressure-induced semiconductor-to-metal transition in 2H-$$\hbox {MoTe}_2$$

MoTe
2

, which reveals that the metallization process at 13–15 GPa is not associated with the indirect band-gap closure, occurring at 24 GPa. A coherent picture is drawn where n-type doping levels just below the conduction band minimum play a crucial role in the early metallization transition. Doping levels are also responsible for the asymmetric Fano line-shape of the $$\hbox {E}_{1u}$$

E

1
u

infrared-active mode, which has been here detected and analyzed for the first time in a transition metal dichalcogenide compound. The pressure evolution of the phonon profile under pressure shows a symmetrization in the 13–15 GPa pressure range, which occurs simultaneously with the metallization and confirms the scenario proposed for the high pressure behaviour of 2H-$$\hbox {MoTe}_2$$

MoTe
2

.
Stochastic process and tutorial of the African buffalo optimization
Authors: Odili Julius Beneoluchi , Noraziah A. , Alkazemi Basem , Zarina M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the data description of the African buffalo optimization algorithm (ABO). ABO is a recently-designed optimization algorithm that is inspired by the migrant behaviour of African buffalos in the vast African landscape. Organizing their large herds that could be over a thousand buffalos using just two principal sounds, the /maaa/ and the /waaa/ calls present a good foundation for the development of an optimization algorithm. Since elaborate descriptions of the manual workings of optimization algorithms are rare in literature, this paper aims at solving this problem, hence it is our main contribution. It is our belief that elaborate manual description of the workings of optimization algorithms make it user-friendly and encourage reproducibility of the experimental procedures performed using this algorithm. Again, our ability to describe the algorithm’s basic flow, stochastic and data generation processes in a language so simple that any non-expert can appreciate and use as well as the practical implementation of the popular benchmark Rosenbrock and Shekel Foxhole functions with the novel algorithm will assist the research community in benefiting maximally from the contributions of this novel algorithm. Finally, benchmarking the good experimental output of the ABO with those of the popular, highly effective and efficient Cuckoo Search and Flower Pollination Algorithm underscores the ABO as a worthy contribution to the existing body of population-based optimization algorithms
Meteorological flash droughts risk projections based on CMIP6 climate change scenarios
Authors: Sreeparvathy Vijay , Srinivas V. V. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMeteorological flash droughts (MFDs) are sub-seasonal-to-seasonal drought phenomena characterized by rapid onset/intensification. This study assesses the changes in trends and hotspot regions of MFDs for the present and five future CMIP6 SSP forcing scenarios (SSP-FS) at global-, continental- and regional-scales. Analysis with 12 GCMs indicates that globally, frequency, duration and severity of MFDs are projected to increase ~20–50%, 20–58%, and 26–62%, respectively, with the highest occurrence probability during the summer season. The MFD hotspot regions appeared prominent in arid and semi-arid zones. MFD exposure risk is projected to exceed ~1.5 folds in most continents, with the highest risk in the Indian sub-continent. Furthermore, in Europe and South America, which are currently less impacted by MFDs, a considerable increase in hotspot regions (~122–127%) is projected under the warmest SSP-FS. The LULC-classes and elevation range most vulnerable to MFDs, and regional potential hydrometeorological drivers that trigger the development of MFDs are identified.
Enhancing the luminescence performance of an LED-pumped Mn4+-activated highly efficient double perovskite phosphor with A-site defectsvialocal lattice tuning
Authors: Li Liang , Cao Qianwen , Xie Jing , Wang Wenming , Wang Yubei , Chen Hongmei , Li Zhongyuan , Pan Yan , Wei Xiantao , Li Yong 
Published: October 2022

Enhancing luminescence performance of Mn4+-activated highly efficient double perovskite phosphor with A-site vacanciesvialocal lattice tuning (left), and warm white and far-red light-emitting diodes prepared with the phosphors (right).
Hybrid data and model‐driven joint identification of distribution‐network topology and parameters
Authors: Yang Xiu , Jiang Jiafu , Liu Fang , Tang Jinzhang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBecause of frequent changes in the topologies of distribution networks, the aging of lines and insufficient monitoring capacity compared to the transmission grid, the topology and line parameters are difficult to determine. Here, a hybrid data and model‐driven method is proposed for identifying the topologies and line parameters of distribution networks in the absence of voltage‐angle measurements. First, a topology identification model based on an attention mechanism and convolutional neural networks is constructed as an upper‐layer model, which requires a small number of voltage measurement snapshots of key nodes to identify the current topology. Second, a model‐driven two‐stage line‐parameter identification model is constructed as the lower‐layer model. Case studies based on the IEEE33 and PG&E69 node distribution systems are performed to validate the proposed method. The results confirm that the proposed method is effective for a stable and accurate identification of the topology and line parameters of distribution networks within a certain error range. In addition, the proposed method exhibits a reasonable generalization capability, and all models are equally applicable to both radial and ring networks.
Secure distributed power trading protocol for networked microgrids based on blockchain and elliptic curve cryptography
Authors: Fkaier Soumoud , Khalgui Mohamed , Frey Georg , Li Zhiwu , Yu Jiaxin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe definition of an electricity trading protocol among microgrids is not an easy task to perform due to the grid's increasing requirements. In fact, a trading process must provide security and especially privacy of the buyer and seller identities as well as prices. Also, guaranteeing a financial profit to trading parties is of great importnace. Moreover, matching the full distributed paradigm is required since it will be executed in a distributed system. All these constraints must be satisfied with consideration to the computational costs especially data storage. In this paper, an electricity trading protocol is introduced to ensure: (1) the security and privacy of buyers, sellers, and sales information, (2) the trading process distribution, and (3) the minimisation of the stored data. The protocol builds upon the blockchain technology and the Elliptic Curve Cryptography. To achieve the protocol goals, a new architecture based on a concept of membership of microgrids to families and groups of families is defined. The proposed protocol is implemented using Java programming langauge. An honest‐but‐curious‐adversary security model is applied to a formal case study to prove security of the protocol.
An astrometric mass estimate for asteroid (223) Rosa
Authors: Kretlow M. 
Published: October 2022

Context. Outer main belt asteroid (223) Rosa is a possible flyby target of opportunity for the European Space Agency (ESA) JUpiter ICy moons Explorer (JUICE) mission when it passes the asteroid belt on the way to Jupiter. The very low albedo and the featureless red spectra indicate a P-type asteroid in the Tholen taxonomy, though the yet known bulk density does not appear to match this classification.
Aims. The aim of this work is to derive new estimates for the mass and bulk density of (223) Rosa.
Methods. We derived the mass of Rosa by analyzing the gravitational deflection of small "test" asteroids that had a close encounter with Rosa in the past. To find such events suitable for the mass determination, we performed an encounter search with about 900 000 asteroids over the time span 1980–2030.
Results. Three encounters were identified from which two independent mass estimates for Rosa were derived: M = (5.32 ± 2.17) × 1017 kg and M = (3.15 ± 1.14) × 1017 kg, respectively. The weighted mean is M = (3.62 ± 1.25) × 1017 kg. This yields to a bulk density of ρ = 1.2 ± 0.5 g cm−3, when adopting an effective diameter of D = 83 ± 8 km. This bulk density estimate is consistent with typical densities for Tholen taxonomy P-type asteroids.
Pulsating hydrogen-deficient white dwarfs and pre-white dwarfs observed with TESS
Authors: Córsico A. H. , Uzundag M. , Kepler S. O. , Althaus L. G. , Silvotti R. , Bradley P. A. , Baran A. S. , Koester D. , Bell K. J. , Romero A. D. , Hermes J. J. , Gentile Fusillo N. P. 
Published: October 2022

Context. The TESS space mission has recently demonstrated its great potential to discover new pulsating white dwarf and pre-white dwarf stars, and to detect periodicities with high precision in already known white-dwarf pulsators.
Aims. We report the discovery of two new pulsating He-rich atmosphere white dwarfs (DBVs) and present a detailed asteroseismological analysis of three already known DBV stars employing observations collected by the TESS mission along with ground-based data.
Methods. We processed and analyzed TESS observations of the three already known DBV stars PG 1351+489 (TIC 471015205), EC 20058−5234 (TIC 101622737), and EC 04207−4748 (TIC 153708460), and the two new DBV pulsators WDJ152738.4−50207.4 (TIC 150808542) and WD 1708−871 (TIC 451533898), whose variability is reported for the first time in this paper. We also carried out a detailed asteroseismological analysis using fully evolutionary DB white-dwarf models built considering the complete evolution of the progenitor stars. We constrained the stellar mass of three of these target stars by means of the observed period spacing, and derived a representative asteroseismological model using the individual periods, when possible.
Results. We extracted frequencies from the TESS light curves of these DBV stars using a standard pre-whitening procedure to derive the potential pulsation frequencies. All the oscillation frequencies that we found are associated with g-mode pulsations with periods spanning from ∼190 s to ∼936 s. We find hints of rotation from frequency triplets in some of the targets, including the two new DBVs. For three targets, we find constant period spacings, which allowed us to infer their stellar masses and constrain the harmonic degree ℓ of the modes. We also performed period-to-period fit analyses and found an asteroseismological model for three targets, with stellar masses generally compatible with the spectroscopic masses. Obtaining seismological models allowed us to estimate the seismological distances and compare them with the precise astrometric distances measured with Gaia. We find a good agreement between the seismic and the astrometric distances for three stars (PG 1351+489, EC 20058-5234, and WD 1708-871); although, for the other two stars (EC 04207-4748 and WD J152738.4-50207), the discrepancies are substantial.
Conclusions. The high-quality data from the TESS mission continue to provide important clues which can be used to help determine the internal structure of pulsating pre-white dwarf and white dwarf stars through the tools of asteroseismology.