bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polycarcin V induces DNA-damage response and enables the profiling of DNA-binding proteins
Authors: Yue Zongwei , Wu Fan , Guo Fusheng , Park Jiyeong , Wang Jin , Zhang Liyun , Liao Daohong , Li Wenyang , Schärer Orlando D , Lei Xiaoguang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
To maintain genomic integrity and avoid diseases, the DNA-damage response (DDR) not only detects and repairs DNA lesions, but also contributes to the resistance to DNA-damaging chemotherapeutics. Targeting the DDR plays a significant role in drug discovery using the principle of synthetic lethality. The incomplete current knowledge of the DDR encouraged us to develop new strategies to identify and study its components and pathways. Polycarcin V, belonging to the C-aryl glycoside natural products, is a light-activatable DNA-intercalating agent that causes DNA damage by forming a covalent [2+2] cycloadduct with thymine residue under 365–450 nm of light irradiation in a DNA-sequence-independent manner. Taking advantage of the light-activatable feature and temporal control of DDR, we designed and synthesized polycarcin V-based bifunctional chemical probes, including one that cross-links DNA to DNA-binding protein to explore the DDR induced by polycarcin V and uncover novel DNA–protein interactions. Utilizing this chemical probe and activity-based protein profiling-stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture, we identified 311 DNA-binding protein candidates, including known DDR factors and additional proteins that may be of interest in discovering new biology. We validated our approach by showing that our probe could specifically cross-link proteins involved in nucleotide excision repair (NER) that repair bulky DNA adducts. Our studies showed that the [2+2] cycloadduct formed by polycarcin V could indeed be repaired by NER in vivo. As a DNA-damaging agent, polycarcin V or its drug-like derivative plus blue light showed promising properties for psoriasis treatment, suggesting that it may itself hold promise for clinic applications.
An orthogonal dual-regulation strategy for sensitive biosensing applications
Authors: Yang Xian , Wang Jinhua , Gao Zhongfeng , Zhang Weiqi , Zhu Hai , Song Yongjun , Wang Quan , Liu Mingjie , Jiang Lei , Huang Yu , Xia Fan 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Biosensing systems based on controllable motion behaviors of droplets have attracted extensive attention, but still face challenges of insufficient sensitivity and uncontrollable dynamic range due to imprecise manipulation of droplet motion on the surfaces. Here, we report an orthogonal dual-regulation strategy for precise motion control of droplets and we demonstrate its utility as a sensitive sensing system with controllable dynamic ranges of sensing for adenosine triphosphate, miRNA, thrombin and kanamycin, as well as discrimination of five kinds of DNA. We endowed a DNA-contained bio-droplet sliding on a lubricant-infused structural surface with micro-grooves to separately adjust the resistance from liquid phase and solid phase. The resistance from liquid phase mainly depended on hydrophobic interaction between DNA and lubricant, which can be finely tuned by different DNA’s average chain length. Meanwhile, the resistance from solid surface was determined by the energy barrier from the periodic micro-grooves, which can be adjusted by varying the droplet's sliding direction on the surface. The hydrophobic interaction is conformed to be orthogonal to the micro-grooves’ anisotropic resistance by three different methods. This orthogonal dual-regulation strategy thus demonstrated its ability to precisely control bio-droplets’ motion behaviors and sensitive detection with adjustable dynamic ranges for various bio-targets. The dual-regulation strategy will provide significant insights for super-wettable biosensors, visual inspection and beyond.
The Impact of Cigarette Relighting on Nicotine Dependence and Smoking Cessation Treatment Outcome Measures Among Adults With Mood Disorders
Authors: Minami Haruka , Selva Kumar Danusha , Nahvi Shadi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Introduction
The number of cigarettes smoked per day (CPD) is a component of commonly used nicotine dependence measures and often used as a smoking cessation treatment outcome. Yet relighting (ie, smoking used cigarette butts) is not usually considered when CPD is assessed, which may underestimate nicotine dependence and result in an inaccurate picture of smoking behaviors.

Aims and Methods
Data from a randomized controlled trial of a smoking cessation intervention were used. Fagerström Test for Cigarette Dependence (FTCD), CPD, and the frequency of smoking (number of smoking episodes/day) assessed at baseline and 3-month follow-up were used.

Results
Participants were 49 adults with mood disorders who smoke daily receiving outpatient psychiatric treatment. At baseline, 27 (55.1%) participants reported relighting cigarettes, and 6 (27.3%) of those who did not report relighting at baseline reported relighting at 3-month follow-up. Replacing CPD with the frequency of smoking to recalculate the total FTCD score increased the score for 21 participants (43%). The mean FTCD scores increased from 4.61 to 5.16, from a classification of low to medium dependence, and 16 participants (33%) moved up in the dependence classification. Of the 31 participants who reported a &gt;=50% reduction in CPD at 3-month follow-up, 5 (16%) did not achieve the outcome of &gt;=50% reduction in the frequency of smoking per day.

Conclusions
In this sample of adults with mood disorders who smoke, over half reported relighting cigarettes. Results underscore the importance of incorporating the frequency of smoking/relighting when assessing nicotine dependence and patterns of smoking behaviors in high-risk populations.

Implications
This is the first study to investigate the patterns of relighting behavior and its impact on nicotine dependence and smoking cessation treatment outcome measures among treatment-seeking adults with mood disorders who smoke. The majority were relighting, and over a quarter of those who did not report relighting at baseline subsequently reported relighting in the context of a quit attempt. The findings demonstrate that overlooking relighting may underestimate nicotine dependence and overestimate the rates of those who have made meaningful changes in smoking behavior. Incorporating the frequency of smoking/relighting may help to more accurately capture nicotine dependence and patterns of smoking behavior among high-risk populations.
Evaluation of an Infectious Diseases Elective for Early Clinical Medical Students on Their Internal Medicine Clerkship
Authors: Sigler Rachel , Roberts Erin , Welford Elliott , Keehner Jocelyn , Wooten Darcy 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Early medical subspecialty training is an emerging trend in medical education. These electives are still rare for Early Clinical Medical Students (ECMS). We describe the introduction of an Infectious Disease (ID) inpatient consult rotation elective for ECMS.

Methods
In addition to seeing patients and rounding with the inpatient ID consult team, we created a supplemental curriculum to provide added support for ECMS that included a checklist of clinical skills learning objectives, self-directed, publicly available mini-lectures on ID topics, and an ID Coach who provided directed and personalized tutoring for students. We surveyed ECMS, ID fellows and attendings on service, and ID Coaches to evaluate the acceptability, feasibility, and effectiveness of this rotation and curriculum.

Results
The majority of ECMS reported that the rotation was a useful educational experience and that the ID Coach was one of the most valuable aspects of the rotation. The majority of ID fellows and attendings reported that working with ECMS improved their job satisfaction and well-being.

Conclusions
This multifaceted approach to early medical subspecialty training was valuable for ECMS, ID fellows, and faculty. Ongoing improvements in this curriculum will provide a useful tool for medical education.
Radially excited (n = 3) charm mesons in heavy quark effective theory
Authors: Garg Ritu , Kumar Kundan , Upadhyay A 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
By exploring heavy quark effective theory we use theoretical available data for bottom mesons to analyze the masses and decays for n = 3 charm mesons. From the predicted masses, we study ground state strong decay modes in terms of couplings. Comparing the decays with available total decay widths, we provide upper bounds on the associated couplings. We also plot Regge trajectories for our predicted data in the (J, M2) and (nr, M2) planes, and estimate higher masses (n = 4) by fixing Regge slopes and intercepts. These Regge trajectories and study of branching ratios are used to clarify the $D_2^{*}(3000)$ state’s JP as the 13F2 state. The results presented may be further confirmed through upcoming experimental information.
Genetically engineered FGF1-sericin hydrogel material treats intrauterine adhesion and restores fertility in rat
Authors: Guan Chun-Yi , Wang Feng , Zhang Lu , Sun Xue-Cheng , Zhang Dan , Wang Hu , Xia Hong-Fei , Xia Qing-You , Ma Xu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Endometrial injury can cause intrauterine adhesions (IUA) and induce the formation of endometrial fibrosis, leading to infertility and miscarriage. At present, there is no effective treatment method for severe IUA and uterine basal injury with adhesion area larger than one-third of the uterus. In this study, we prepared FGF1 silk sericin hydrogel material (FGF1-SS hydrogel) to treat endometrial injury and prevent endometrial fibrosis. Compared with the silk sericin hydrogel material (WT-SS hydrogel), FGF1-SS hydrogel significantly promotes the cell migration and infiltration ability of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). More importantly, FGF1-SS hydrogel can release FGF1 stably for a long time and inhibit the ESCs injury model forms fibrosis through the TGF-β/Smad pathway. In the IUA rat model, FGF1-SS hydrogel treatment effectively restored the number of uterine glands and uterine wall thickness in rats, with a fertility rate of 65.1% ± 6.4%. The results show that FGF1-SS hydrogel is expected to be a candidate to prevent IUA.
Reimagining the Transition to Residency: A Trainee Call to Accelerated Action
Authors: Lin Grant L. , Guerra Sylvia , Patel Juhee , Burk-Rafel Jesse 
Published: March 2022

The transition from medical student to resident is a pivotal step in the medical education continuum. For applicants, successfully obtaining a residency position is the actualization of a dream after years of training and has life-changing professional and financial implications. These high stakes contribute to a residency application and Match process in the United States that is increasingly complex and dysfunctional, and that does not effectively serve applicants, residency programs, or the public good. In July 2020, the Coalition for Physician Accountability (Coalition) formed the Undergraduate Medical Education-Graduate Medical Education Review Committee (UGRC) to critically assess the overall transition to residency and offer recommendations to solve the growing challenges in the system.
In this Invited Commentary, the authors reflect on their experience as the trainee representatives on the UGRC. They emphasize the importance of trainee advocacy in medical education change efforts; reflect on opportunities, concerns, and tensions with the final UGRC recommendations (released in August 2021); discuss factors that may constrain implementation; and call for the medical education community—and the Coalition member organizations in particular—to accelerate fully implementing the UGRC recommendations. By seizing the momentum created by the UGRC, the medical education community can create a reimagined transition to residency that reshapes its approach to training a more diverse, competent, and growth-oriented physician workforce.
Genital Scabies with Granulomatous Dermatitis: A Case Report
Authors: Akolawole Michael , Ayosanmi Oluwasola Stephen , Akafa Andes , Njoku Chigozie , Adewuyi Adeyemi , Alaga Adeyemi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Scabies is a contagious infection of the skin that is commonly found in the extremities. Scabies may be difficult to diagnose when its location is clinically unconventional. Previous reports on granulomatous scabies excluded a genital manifestation.

Case presentation:
The current report focuses on a genital manifestation of scabietic lesions in a young adult. The case involved a 27-year-old man managed in our dermatology clinic with a 3-week history of itchy rash located on the groin, penile shaft, and scrotum.

Discussion:
The rash was suspected to be scabies based on the physical examination, and the diagnosis was confirmed by microscopy. Histologic examination revealed a non-necrotizing granulomatous lesion. The patient was treated with oral ivermectin at 24 mg (400 mcg/kg) three times weekly for 6 weeks and fully recovered.

Conclusion:
This case highlights the importance of considering scabies as a differential diagnosis of genital rash.
Relationship Analysis of Injured Workers’ Average Weekly Wages and Workers’ Compensation Indemnity Claims in Maine, US: 1998 to 2017
Authors: Pieretti Luis F. , Stanley Rodney , Siegfried Karl V. 
Published: March 2022

Objective:
Explore the relationship between injured workers’ average weekly wages (AWW) and their workers’ compensation (WC) claims outcomes in Maine, US.

Methods:
A total of 29,668 indemnity (lost-time) claims categorized into three wage-based percentile groups from a 20-year period (5-year intervals) were analyzed. WC outcomes included medical costs, number of indemnity checks, claim's duration, and claim settlements.

Results:
Generally, claims within the lower percentile group were less likely to have high medical costs, but were more likely to have an elevated number of indemnity checks when compared to those in the middle percentile group. An inverse relationship was observed for those claims within the higher percentile group.

Conclusions:
Generalizations about low wage earners’ claims being longer-lasting and more expensive or early return to work always reducing the medical cost of claims should be avoided.
Quality and Safety in Health Care, Part XCV
Authors: Harolds Jay A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Many times in high reliability organizations, there is uncertainty about the meaning of various happenings or circumstances. Unfortunately, in an emergency, there is often no time to fully investigate events or what is going on in the environment before action must be taken to avoid unfortunate results or disaster. In groups, sensemaking refers to the process of interrelating with others so that a shared understanding may be reached, taking advantage of the differing observations, expertise, and opinions of the people involved, and then taking appropriate action.
Confirmation of Ectopic Pancreatic Tissue
Authors: Keller Eric J. , de Castro Carlos Manuel , Ghanouni Pejman , Shah Jagruti 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This case features a 21-year-old woman with a history of ulcerative colitis who was incidentally found to have a para-jejunal mass when she presented with an ulcerative colitis flare. The mass was further characterized on MR enterography as most likely representing ectopic pancreatic tissue. Given the normal intense pancreatic uptake of 18F-fluciclovine, PET/CT was subsequently used to confirm that the mass represented ectopic pancreatic tissue.
Indications, Techniques, and Postoperative Outcomes of Temporalis Fascia Grafting in Rhinoplasty
Authors: Alqabbani Almaha A. , Assiri Hassan , Mulafikh Dhaifallah S. , Hudise Jibril , Aldhabaan Saud , Nassar Raad , Alarfaj Ahmed 
Published: March 2022

Objectives:
To investigate the indication, site, techniques, and complications at the donor and recipient sites of temporalis fascia grafting in rhinoplasty, and patients' satisfaction with the surgical outcomes.

Methods:
This retrospective cohort study was performed at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Saudi Arabia, between January 2015 and January 2020. The predictor variable was the temporalis fascia in different forms. Reported variables comprised individuals' satisfaction, dorsal nasal irregularities, and contour definitions. Moreover, further variables were considered, including age, gender, the reason behind surgery, surgical type, and graft size and site. A rhinoplasty doctor, other than a surgeon, has assessed the dorsal augmentation findings by inspecting and palpating the dorsum. Data analyses were achieved through SPSS.

Results:
A total of 69 patients were enrolled in this study; 44.9% of them underwent rhinoplasty with the temporalis fascia in cartilage wrapped by the temporalis fascia form, 43.5% in a blanket form, and 11.6% in a ball form. The average subject satisfaction outcome score was 10.44 preoperatively and 19.72 postoperatively (P = 0.001).
No dorsal irregularities were detected by inspection in all forms of the temporalis fascia, whereas 3 patients with the blanket and 2 patients with the cartilage wrapped by the temporalis fascia had irregularities, which were detected on palpation.

Conclusions:
In rhinoplasty, the temporalis fascia is a favorable choice for nasal reconstruction since it is simple in harvesting and can be made in different forms and shapes for many purposes.
Prion protein gene mutation detection using long-read Nanopore sequencing
Authors: Kroll François , Dimitriadis Athanasios , Campbell Tracy , Darwent Lee , Collinge John , Mead Simon , Vire Emmanuelle 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPrion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative conditions that affect humans and animals. Rapid and accurate sequencing of the prion gene PRNP is paramount to human prion disease diagnosis and for animal surveillance programmes. Current methods for PRNP genotyping involve sequencing of small fragments within the protein-coding region. The contribution of variants in the non-coding regions of PRNP including large structural changes is poorly understood. Here we use long-range PCR and Nanopore sequencing to sequence the full length of PRNP, including its regulatory region, in 25 samples from blood and brain of individuals with various prion diseases. Nanopore sequencing detected the same variants as identified by Sanger sequencing, including repeat expansions/contractions. Nanopore identifies additional single-nucleotide variants in the non-coding regions of PRNP, but no novel structural variants were discovered. Finally, we explore somatic mosaicism of PRNP’s octapeptide repeat region, which is a hypothetical cause of sporadic prion disease. While we find changes consistent with somatic mutations, we demonstrate that they may have been generated by the PCR. Our study illustrates the accuracy of Nanopore sequencing for rapid and field prion disease diagnosis and highlights the need for single-molecule sequencing methods for the detection of somatic mutations.
Beer ethanol and iso-α-acid level affect microbial community establishment and beer chemistry throughout wood maturation of beer
Authors: Bossaert Sofie , Kocijan Tin , Winne Valérie , Schlich Johanna , Herrera-Malaver Beatriz , Verstrepen Kevin J. , Van Opstaele Filip , De Rouck Gert , Crauwels Sam , Lievens Bart 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSour beers produced by barrel-aging of conventionally fermented beers are becoming increasingly popular. However, as the intricate interactions between the wood, the microbes and the beer are still unclear, wood maturation often leads to inconsistent end products with undesired sensory properties. Previous research on industrial barrel-aging of beer suggests that beer parameters like the ethanol content and bitterness play an important role in the microbial community composition and beer chemistry, but their exact impact still remains to be investigated. In this study, an experimentally tractable lab-scale system based on anin-vitrocommunity of four key bacteria (Acetobacter malorum,Gluconobacter oxydans,Lactobacillus brevisandPediococcus damnosus) and four key yeasts (Brettanomyces bruxellensis,Candida friedrichii,Pichia membranifaciensandSaccharomyces cerevisiae) that are consistently associated with barrel-aging of beer, was used to test the hypotheses that beer ethanol and bitterness impact microbial community composition and beer chemistry. Experiments were performed using different levels of ethanol (5.2 v/v%, 8 v/v% and 11 v/v%) and bitterness (13 ppm, 35 ppm and 170 ppm iso-α-acids), and beers were matured for 60 days. Samples were taken after 0, 10, 20, 30 and 60 days to monitor population densities and beer chemistry. Results revealed that all treatments and the maturation time significantly affected the microbial community composition and beer chemistry. More specifically, the ethanol treatments obstructed growth ofL. brevisandG. oxydansand delayed fungal growth. The iso-α-acid treatments hindered growth ofL. brevisand stimulated growth ofP. membranifaciens, while the other strains remained unaffected. Beer chemistry was found to be affected by higher ethanol levels, which led to an increased extraction of wood-derived compounds. Furthermore, the distinct microbial communities also induced changes in the chemical composition of the beer samples, leading to concentration differences in beer- and wood-derived compounds like 4-ethyl guaiacol, 4-ethyl phenol, cis-oak lactone, vanillin, furfural and 5-methyl furfural. Altogether, our results indicate that wood-aging of beer is affected by biotic and abiotic parameters, influencing the quality of the final product. Additionally, this work provides a new, cost-effective approach to study the production of barrel-aged beers based on a simplified microbial community model.