bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutrient Deficiency of Spruce Needles Caused by Root and Butt Rots - A Factor in Forest Decline
Authors: Tomiczek Christian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAcute needle yellowing of spruce (Picea abies) followed by forest decline has been observed in different parts of Austria. Trees with “needle yellowing’ usually show specific nutrient deficiency, whereas trees of normal colour appear to be adequately supplied. Twenty-one healthy and 21 diseased spruce trees on 3 different forest sites in Austria were felled and examined for root and butt rots; the nutrient content of needles, root and stem sapwood was compared. Trees with active needle yellowing had significantly higher rates of root and/or butt rot, low levels of potassium, calcium and magnesium in the sapwood of roots and lower stem parts. Acute yellowing as a symptom of mineral deficiency therefore is induced by physiochemical reactions like the reinforcement of cell walls and the compartmentalization of wood after fungal attacks rather than by leaching.
An Annotated Checklist of Clearwing Borer Pests of Ornamental Plants Trapped Using Commercially Available Pheromone Lures
Authors: Braxton Susan M. , Raupp Michael J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPheromone traps are recommended as monitoring tools in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and Plant Health Care (PHC) programs for landscape plants. However, the use of pheromone traps and interpretation of trap catches can be confusing due to the diversity of species trapped. In this report we present a checklist of clearwing borer species caught in traps baited with several different commercial pheromone lures in the Maryland and Washington, D.C. area. We describe several problems associated with the identification of species and interpretation of trap catches.
Toxicity of Neem-Derived Insecticides to Various Life Stages of The Elm Leaf Beetle
Authors: Zimmerman Rick J. , Casey Sclar D. , Randolph Terri , Cranshaw Whitney S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA series of laboratory and field experiments to determine the suitability of neem oil derived insecticides for elm leaf beetle control was performed. Laboratory experiments determined mortality and antifeedant effects to elm leaf beetle larvae. Ovicidal activity was also evaluated in the laboratory. Field trials were conducted on mature elm trees to evaluate the efficacy of neem on elm leaf beetle larvae. Results of laboratory studies indicated significant mortality to elm leaf beetle larvae as a result of neem applications. In addition, greater mortality was observed to eggs treated with neem. Also, anti-feedant effects of neem-treated leaves was observed in all three elm leaf beetle larval instars. Neem-treated trees showed significantly less elm leaf beetle feeding damage than control trees for approximately one month after application. This study demonstrates the potential of neem oil formulations for elm leaf beetle control.
The Effect of Wood Mulch Type and Depth on Weed and Tree Growth and Certain Soil Parameters
Authors: Greenly Katrina M. , Rakow Donald A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe use of wood byproducts as horticultural mulch has increased in the last decade as the horticulture industries and landscape architects have raised the public’s awareness of the aesthetic and maintenance benefits to be gained from mulch use. The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the effect that two types (chipped pine and shredded hardwood chips) and three depths (7.5 cm, 15 cm, and 25 cm) of mulch and an unmulched control would have upon: 1) oxygen percent, moisture percent and soil temperatures; 2) growth of two thin barked trees (Pinus strobusandQuercus palustris); 3) establishment of weed populations; and 4) potential change in certain soil parameters (pH, nitrates, and soluble salts). After two years, no differences were found between mulch types, but soil oxygen levels declined (non-significantly), temperatures declined, and moisture levels increased with increasing depth of mulch. Weed density and diversity also declined significantly with increasing mulch depth. For both species, stem growth was greater with the 7.5 cm. depth of mulch than with other mulch depths or the control. Soil pH, nitrates, and salt levels were unaffected.
Decolonizando a cultura corporal: algumas reflexões e proposições
Authors: Sá Andre Luiz das Graças de 
Published: April 2022

As práticas corporais realizadas na Educação Física Escolar brasileira, em muitos casos, se limitam a esportes de origem euro-estadunidenses, reproduzindo discursos e práticas hegemônicas de grupos privilegiados, e um apagamento da cultura de grupos e sujeitos colocados a margem. Desta forma, o objetivo desse trabalho foi levantar reflexões e proposições para se pensar uma cultura corporal decolonial, para isso foi feita uma aproximação com o currículo cultural da Educação Física. Pensar uma Educação Física Decolonial pressupõe reconfigurar suas práticas pedagógicas, seu currículo, formação docente e toda a base epistemológicas em que foram construídas. O próprio professor precisa passar constantemente por uma desconstrução.
Kebijakan Utang dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Profitabilitas dengan Pertumbuhan Laba sebagai Pemoderasi
Authors: Imron Ali , Suryatma Ilham 
Published: April 2022

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kebijakan utang dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap profitabilitas dengan pertumbuhan laba sebagai variabel pemoderasi. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh perusahaan sub sektor pulp and paper yang terdaftar di bursa efek Indonesia (BEI) tahun 2008-2018. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 7 perusahaan dari 9 jumlah populasi dengan menggunakan metode Purposive Sampling. Teknik analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif, uji asumsi klasik, moderated regression analysis dan uji hipotesis (uji t). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan 1) kebijakan utang (DER) berpengaruh negatif significant terhadap profitabilitas (ROE), 2) ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap profitabilitas (ROE), 3) pertumbuhan laba mampu memoderasi hubungan kebijakan utang (DER) terhadap profitabilitas (ROE), 4) pertumbuhan laba mampu memoderasi hubungan ukuran perusahaan terhadap profitabilitas (ROE).

Kata kunci: Pertumbuhan laba, profitabilitas, ukuran, utang.

Abstract: This study aims to determine the debt policy and company size on profitability with profit growth as a moderating variable. The study population was all pulp and paper sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange (BEI) from 2008 to 2018. The research sample consisted of 7 companies from 9 total populations using a purposive sampling method. The data analysis technique used a descriptive statistics, a classic assumption test, a moderated regression analysis and a hypothesis testing (t test). The results of this study indicate 1) the debt policy (DER) has a negative and significant effect on profitability (ROE), 2) the company size has a positive and significant effect on profitability (ROE), 3) the earnings growth is able to moderate the relationship between the debt policy (DER) and the profitability (ROE) but the moderation is still weak, 4) profit growth is able to moderate the relationship between the company size and profitability (ROE).

Keywords: Profit growth, Profitability, leverage, size
Utilization of Android-Based ToSM (Test of Second Mathematics) Instrument for Mapping Intuitive Basic Calculation Competencies (IBCC) in Students
Authors: Machnun Saputra Ade , Sugiarti Rini 
Published: April 2022

This research aims to find out the usefulness of an android-based ToSM (test of second mathematics) instrument for mapping the competency of intuitive basic calculation (CIBC) in students. ToSM (Test of Second Mathematics) is the standard instrument of Mathematics Seconds to measure IBCC (Intuitive Basic Calculation Competencies). ToSM only covers arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division), most essential. ToSM measures the number of operation counts per minute (OPM), time per operation category completion. The method used in writing review literature begins with the selection of topics. It then determines the keywords for the search for journals so that several journals are selected to be analyzed. Searches for the journal through google scholar are limited from 2015 to 2021.
Meanwhile, the keyword used is "ToSM Seconds Mathematics." This research was conducted by reviewing journals or literature related to this study plus statistical data and scientific works related to ToSM, which the Center for The Development of Mathematics Seconds (CDMS) team updates. Mapping essential calculation competencies among students are no less critical because ToSM has other uses, namely as an instrument to train concentration and resilience in learning.
Utilization of Humanism Value in Folklore in Ngawi Regency at Old Literature in University
Authors: Claudia Vinsca Sabrina , Suwandi Sarwiji , Wardani Nugraheni Eko 
Published: April 2022

Learning old literature in University provides an introduction to students about past events and traditions that can ben applied to the living confitions of today’s society. In addition, it can provide a lesson about caring for humans and the environment. This makes the folklore of the origins of the village in Ngawi as an expression of oral literature that is packaged in to literary writings of local wisdom with humanism nuances. So, the point of attention in this research is the humanism value contained in folklore. The main problem in this research is about how to use humanism values in the development of old literary teaching materials in University. This study aims to describe and explain various humanism values as the use of old literature learning. The type of approach used is the humanism approach that focuses on the literary field. This study used a qualitative descriptive method by taking data in the form of content analysis. The results showed thet the folklore in Ngawi contained various kinds of humanism values contained in it, namely (1) Right Behavior; (2) Peace; (3) Truth; (4) Love, and (5) Nonviolence. On the other hand, folklore in Ngawi regency can provide an alternative as an old literature learning material as well as directing atudents to get to know the local culture thet occure in the surrounding environment.
ASPECTE ALE RECONFIGURĂRII ORDINII MONDIALE CONTEMPORANE DIN PERSPECTIVA PROVOCĂRILOR EXISTENTE ÎN MEDIUL INTERNAȚIONAL DE SECURITATE
Authors: BORDEA Simona-Daniela 
Published: April 2022

Lupta pentru supremație datează din cele mai vechi timpuri, iar cucerirea de noi teritorii ori dorința de a recâștiga fostele apartenențe nu reprezintă o noutate. În consecință, obiectivul central al lucrării îl reprezintă înțelegerea și revizuirea aspectelor geopolitice și geostrategice de actualitate. În incipit, se punctează cadrul general al cercetării. Deși contemporaneitatea oferă posibilități nenumărate statelor, de a avea o ordine interioară prosperă și pașnică, tendința acestora este alta, de fapt este aceeași ca dintotdeauna: expansiunea teritorială și dobândirea sceptrului puterii internaționale. Acest demers științific surprinde în mod analitic și comparativ atitudinea a două mari puteri statale,din spațiul euroasiatic, Rusia și China, pe de o parte, și eforturile unor actori internaționali, SUA și NATO, care promovează în mod îndârjit pacea și stabilitatea și contracarează acțiunile ostile care amenință valorile sale. În urma rezultatelor acestei analize, se trasează concluziile cercetării, însoțite de contribuțiile personale, problemele deschise și limitele identificate
SOMALIA - CASE STUDY ON THE FRAGMENTATION OF AN ETHNICALLY AND CIVILIZATIONALLY HOMOGENEOUS STATE
Authors: POPESCU Alba Iulia Catrinel 
Published: April 2022

Any lecture in geopolitics begins by stating that internal stability and territorial integrity of the state are the result of the interaction between secessionist, centrifugal forces, and unifying, centripetal forces. The same lecture in geopolitics also says that ethnic and confessional homogeneity falls into the category of the strongest centripetal forces, along with a round shape of the state territory, the centrality of the capital, a uniform distribution of transport and communications infrastructure, an equitable (as possible) distribution of wealth, of a strong national idea and will.
Ethnically and religiously, Somalia is a homogeneous state. Moreover, all these ethnics do not boast of an identity other than Somali, and they all speak Somali - the official language of the state, along with Arabic - the language of the Koran. Somalia does not have the huge linguistic diversity specific to other post-colonial African states, there are no cultural-civilizational differences, there are no major discrepancies in terms of regional development and distribution of communications and transport infrastructure in the territory. And yet, the Somali state is the expression of the notion of a failed state, ravaged by civil war, secessionism, maritime piracy, terrorism, organized crime and insecurity. In recent years, Somalia has been consistently ranked among the most dangerous destinations in the world. In the first half of 2021, it ranked sixth in the top of the riskiest tourist destinations, after Afghanistan, Syria, Iraq, South Sudan and Yemen[i].
What are the causes of Somali secessionism and the collapse of the state? And, if we were to rank, according to the intensity of the effect, the secessionist factors acting on the territory of Somalia, what would be their ord

1 Most Dangerous Countries in the World, World Population Review, https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-dangerous-countries, accessed on 11.07. 2021.
MILITARY ENGINEERING STRUCTURES WITHIN NATO COMMANDS IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE NEW DOCTRINAL PROVISIONS
Authors: CÎRJĂU Cristian Gabriel 
Published: April 2022

According to the directives of the NATO Military Committee, ensuring the effective military engineering support required by the military engineering command and staff structures, as well as command-control (C2) arrangements at all levels. These C2 arrangements, the structural organization, and their general attributions are regulated in the new NATO Doctrine for Military Engineering, by which to recommend the implementation of the provisions in the organization of NATO commands, as well as of the commands within the NATO national armies. In the following lines, I intend to make a short presentation of the organization of military engineering structures within NATO commands, from different hierarchical levels, under the new doctrinal provisions, also, references to cooperation relations and some clarifications with on their general responsibilities. As the new NATO doctrinal provisions on the military engineering branch are being implemented in the Romanian Army, proposals are to be made to the decision-makers, to modify the military engineering command structures in the Romanian Army, to be similar to those within the NATO commands.
Marriage customs of Kongu Vellalar's
Authors: Valarmathi S. , Thilagam G. Kasthuri 
Published: April 2022

The Kongu Vellalar were of great assistance to the king by being in various positions and ranks in the army. They also got the title ‘Kamindan' from the ding for their meritorious service and loyalty. Late the title got modified as Counden'. Certain rules and procedures were put in place to help the boy and girl live together more smoothly. Certain rules' processes and customs evolved into 'rites.' Marriage is the combined execution of all ceremonies in a sequence termed marriage. All ceremonies linked with KonguVellalar marriage are done by 'arumaikaarar' arumaikaari, naavidhan (Barbar), washing man (vannaan), and others intimately associated with the occupation of KonguVellalaGounders. The KonguVellalar marriage is similar to the Aryan 'prajaapathyam' type marriage. In a KonguVellalar marriage, the bridegroom's family visits the bride's home to propose the marriage and seek the bride's family's approval for the match. The marriage takes happens once the bride's family gives their assent.
Marine Bioremediation Using Alcanivorax Borkumensis SK2 as A Waste Prevention Oil Industry on the Tunda Island to the Impact of Flood in Banten Region
Authors: Ilhami Muhamad Aris , Holifah Holifah 
Published: April 2022

Marine pollution in the water triggers many problems, one of them is in the area of Tunda Island, Banten, Indonesia. Waste pollution that occurs in the area occurs due to oil drilling activities conducted by Pertamina. As result, such drilling waste pollutes the environment of Tunda Island. The distance between residential areas and oil rigs is about 18 to 20 miles, which will take 2 hours to complete. As a result of the waste, many octopuses on Tunda Island were found drunk and dead. It will be more dangerous if the waste sticks to mangrove seedlings, in mangrove trunks and in seagrass beds, when exposed to sunlight it will melt because the gravel waste is pitch black and can burn. As the world's largest island nation, 60% of Indonesia's 265 million people depend on one-system waters. Toxic chemicals enter the oceans every day from industrial waste. This problem can lead to the risk of flood impacts for the environment affected by industrial waste pollution. Marine cleanliness plays an important role in realizing the prosperity of land and marine ecosystems. Efforts can be made with bioremediation that is recovery with the help of live bacteria such as Alcanivorax borkumensis SK2 which is γ-proteobacterium of the sea that can be used to clean contaminated environments. This research aims to prevent industrial waste pollution and prevent the risk of flood impacts in Indonesia, especially in Tunda Island, Banten. Various literature explains that A. borkumensis SK2 is able to digest linear and branched alkanes commonly found in crude oil. Bacteria grow naturally in polluted areas, when added with inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus, they can accelerate the cleaning process to 2 -5 years faster than natural processes for 5 - 10 years. Therefore, the application of the use of A. borkumensis SK2 has the potential to be applied in Indonesia to overcome the problem of marine pollution.
GENERAL PROVISIONS OF FREEDOM TO EVALUATE EVIDENCE AS A PRINCIPLE OF CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: ХОРЬЯКОВ Сергей Николаевич , КОЧКИНА Мария Алексеевна 
Published: April 2022

В содержании работы рассматриваются концептуальные вопросы становления и развития одного из наиболее значимых уголовно-процессуальных принципов - свободы оценки доказательств. Исследуется генезис данного принципа в периоды Древней Руси, Московского государства, Российской империи, СССР и в настоящее время. Проводится его детальный правовой и этимологический анализ с учетом мнений различных ученых - процессуалистов и лингвистов. Раскрывается сущность составляющих его элементов, таких как свобода, оценка, внутреннее убеждение, совесть и закон.
The content of the work deals with the conceptual issues of the formation and development of one of the most significant criminal procedure principles - the freedom to evaluate evidence. The article examines the genesis of this principle in the periods of Ancient Russia, the Moscow state, the Russian empire, the USSR and at the present time. Its detailed legal and etymological analysis is carried out, taking into account the opinions of procedural scientists and linguists. The authors reveal the essence of its constituent elements, such as freedom, assessment, inner conviction, conscience and law.
IMPLEMENTATION OF VIDEO RECORDING IN THE PRODUCTION OF RESEARCH USING A POLYGRAPH
Authors: СВОБОДНЫЙ Феликс Константинович , КУЗНЕЦОВ Сергей Евгеньевич 
Published: April 2022

В статье рассматриваются вопросы правовой регламентации осуществления видеозаписи при производстве исследований с использованием полиграфа; анализируются соответствующие нормативные правовые акты; обосновывается необходимость правового закрепления обязательности видеосъемки психофизиологических исследований; описываются методические и технические требования к производству качественной видеозаписи исследований с использованием полиграфа.
The article deals with the issues of legal regulation of video recording in the production of research using a polygraph; analyzes the relevant regulations; justifies the need for legal consolidation of mandatory video recording of psychophysiological research; describes the methodological and technical requirements for the production of high-quality video research using a polygraph.
PARTICIPANTS IN THE TACTICAL OPERATION OF RED-HANDED DETENTION OF PERSONS INVOLVED IN BRIBERY
Authors: ПАЛЬЦЕВ Александр Анатольевич 
Published: April 2022

В статье раскрыто значение результатов оперативно-разыскной деятельности для выявления и пресечения фактов взяточничества. Рассмотрены основные участники проведения тактической операции «задержание с поличным» по уголовным делам о взяточничестве, а также их функции и направления повышения эффективности выполнения рассматриваемых тактических операций.
The article defines the significance of the results of operational investigative activities for identifying and suppressing the facts of bribery. The author examines the main participants in the tactical operation “red-handed detention” in bribery cases, as well as their functions and directions for improving the effectiveness of the considered tactical operations.
Adoption of the use of a reflective blanket for passive re-warming of the stable mildly hypothermic patient to reduce unnecessary ICU admissions: A pilot study
Authors: Bonnet Elizabeth , Fuller William L. , Rogers Sandra 
Published: April 2022

Background and objective: In adult inpatients, thermoregulation is important to support vital functions. Occasionally, due to procedures or benign clinical conditions, such as hypoglycemia, autonomic instability, brain injury, paraplegia, autonomic dysreflexia, and septic shock, patients’ body temperature falls below 35°C and thus, requires intervention. Due to the floor nursing constraints of hourly monitoring of forced air re-warming, these active warming techniques often lead to clinically unnecessary admissions to intensive care units and utilization of scarce and costly resources. The purpose of this pilot study was to explore passive re-warming with alternative technologies to avoid unnecessary admissions to the intensive care unit.Methods: A pilot study based on a sample of seventeen patients was conducted to assess the adoption and associated outcome of the use of the reflective blanket. Intervention: Application of a reflective blanket to patients who were mildly hypothermic, yet clinically stable, was explored as an effective mechanism to re-warm these patients in the non-intensive care unit setting. Results: The investigation based on the use of a reflective blanket on a sample of seventeen hypothermic patients had a success rate of 0.7059 (70.59%).Conclusions: We conclude that the use of a reflective blanket is an effective and safe passive rewarming mechanism that leads to avoidance of unnecessary intensive care unit admissions. This leads to both cost reductions to patients and appropriate use of ICU resources.