bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Type 3 autoimmune pancreatitis (immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced pancreatitis)
Authors: Sayed Ahmed Ahmed , Abreo Michael , Thomas Anusha , Chari Suresh T. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose of review
Type 3 auto-immune pancreatitis (AIP) is a rare immune-related adverse event (irAE) because of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy employed in the management of advanced malignancies. The evaluation and management of this disease entity is not well documented in the literature. We summarize the available information on the clinical profile, diagnosis, and treatment of this disorder.

Recent findings
ICI-pancreatic injury (ICI-PI) is a form of AIP, recently termed type 3 AIP, which may present as an asymptomatic lipase elevation or clinical pancreatitis, that is, abdominal pain and elevated lipase. CT findings of pancreatitis may be absent in some cases. Diagnosis is based on a temporal relationship to ICI exposure and the absence of other cause of pancreatitis. Combination ICIs increase the risk of type 3 AIP compared with ICI monotherapy. Though corticosteroids are used for ICIP, their role and benefit remain unclear to date. Holding immunotherapy carries the risk of progression of underlying cancer.

Summary
ICI-PI is a unique form of AIP (type 3) with a distinct disease profile. The majority of patients with ICIPI are asymptomatic and steroid therapy has unclear benefits.
Urine Proteomics Reveals Sex-Specific Response to Total Pancreatectomy With Islet Autotransplantation
Authors: Bennike Tue Bjerg , Templeton Kate , Fujimura Kimino , Bellin Melena D. , Ahmed Saima , Schlaffner Christoph N. , Arora Rohit , Cruz-Monserrate Zobeida , Arnaout Ramy , Beilman Gregory J. , Grover Amit S. , Conwell Darwin L. , Steen Hanno 
Published: July 2022

Objectives
Total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation (TPIAT) is a surgical option for refractory chronic pancreatitis-related pain. Despite the known clinical implications of TPIAT, the molecular effects remain poorly investigated. We performed the first hypothesis-generating study of the urinary proteome before and after TPIAT.

Methods
Twenty-two patients eligible for TPIAT were prospectively enrolled. Urine samples were collected the week before and 12 to 18 months after TPIAT. The urine samples were prepared for bottom-up label-free quantitative proteomics using the “MStern” protocol.

Results
Using 17 paired samples, we identified 2477 urinary proteins, of which 301 were significantly changed post-TPIAT versus pre-TPIAT. Our quantitative analysis revealed that the molecular response to TPIAT was highly sex-specific, with pronounced sex differences pre-TPIAT but minimal differences afterward. Comparing post-TPIAT versus pre-TPIAT, we found changes in cell-cell adhesion, intracellular vacuoles, and immune response proteins. After surgery, immunoglobulins, complement proteins, and cathepsins were increased, findings that may reflect glomerular damage. Finally, we identified both known and novel markers for immunoglobulin A nephropathy after 1 patient developed the disease 2 years after TPIAT.

Conclusions
We found distinct changes in the urinary proteomic profile after TPIAT and the response to TPIAT is highly sex-specific.
Preterm Infant Fecal Microbiota and Metabolite Profiles Are Modulated in a Probiotic Specific Manner
Authors: Larke Jules A. , Kuhn-Riordon Kara , Taft Diana H. , Sohn Kristin , Iqbal Sameeia , Underwood Mark A. , Mills David A. , Slupsky Carolyn M. 
Published: July 2022

Objectives:
To compare the impact of two probiotic supplements on fecal microbiota and metabolites, as well as on gut inflammation in human milk-fed preterm infants.

Methods:
In this single-center observational cohort study, we assessed the effects of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis or Lactobacillus reuteri supplementation on the infant gut microbiota by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and fecal metabolome by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Fecal calprotectin was measured as a marker of enteric inflammation. Aliquots of human or donor milk provided to each infant were also assessed to determine human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content.

Results:
As expected, each probiotic treatment was associated with increased proportions of the respective bacterial taxon. Fecal HMOs were significantly higher in L. reuteri fed babies despite similar HMO content in the milk consumed. Fecal metabolites associated with bifidobacteria fermentation products were significantly increased in B. infantis supplemented infants. Fecal calprotectin was lower in infants receiving B. infantis relative to L. reuteri (P < 0.01, Wilcoxon rank-sum test) and was negatively associated with the microbial metabolite indole-3-lactate (ILA).

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates that supplementing an HMO-catabolizing Bifidobacterium probiotic results in increased microbial metabolism of milk oligosaccharides and reduced intestinal inflammation relative to a noncatabolizing Lactobacillus probiotic in human milk-fed preterm infants. In this context, Bifidobacterium may provide greater benefit in human milk-fed infants via activation of the microbiota-metabolite-immune axis.
Changes in Tears Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Level After External Dacryocystorhinostomy in Primary Acquired Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction
Authors: Karabulut Müjdat , Saruhan Ercan 
Published: July 2022

Background:
The authors aimed to define tears monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) changes after external dacryocystorhinostomy surgery.

Materials and Methods:
Tears samples were collected with a Schirmer strip and stored in Eppendorf tubes at −80°C. At the end of the study, the papers were cut into small pieces and incubated with phosphate-buffered saline solution. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels were determined by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays kit.

Results:
The MCP-1 levels were 498.66±101.35, 576.40±149.78, 422.53±85.94, and 436.96±81.38 ng/L before surgery, in the first week, the first, and third months after surgery, respectively. Its level significantly increased in the first week compared with the preoperative level (P<0.001). There was a prominent decrease in the postoperative first month (P<0.001). In the third postoperative month, the mean MCP-1 level was not significantly increased compared with the postoperative first month (P=0.196).

Conclusion:
The tears MCP-1 level was significantly decreased after external dacryocystorhinostomy surgery.
Analysis of Chinese Patients’ Satisfaction After Rhinoplasty With FACE-Q Rhinoplasty ModuleRhinoplasty With FACE-Q RM
Authors: Wang Xin , Wang Huan , You Jianjun , Zheng Ruobing , Xu Yihao , Fan Fei 
Published: July 2022

Objective:
The literature on the patients’ satisfaction after rhinoplasty is limited. The purpose of our study was to use the patient-reported outcome measures to study the difference of satisfaction between men and women and between different ages before and after the operation and to explore the factors of postoperative satisfaction difference in Chinese people.

Method:
A total of 707 patients who underwent surgery at our institution were reviewed. Satisfaction was evaluated by the FACE-Q Rhinoplasty module (FACE-Q RM).

Results:
Follow-up data were 100% complete and the median follow-up time was 1 year.
Postoperatively, there was a significant difference in comparison with preoperative in nose and nostrils items (P<0.001). The satisfaction rate in men and women was 98.36% and 96.90%, respectively. Most men are dissatisfied with their bridges of the nose, and women are not satisfied with the tip. But after the operation, they all improved to a certain extent. Moreover, the rate of satisfaction in younger and older people was 96.80% and 100%, respectively. The younger people were more dissatisfied with the tip and size of the nostrils, whereas the older people were not satisfied with their bridges and well-matched nostrils. Univariate analysis showed that marital status was the factor, influencing satisfaction for nostrils (P=0.005).

Conclusion:
The FACE-Q RM scales are useful measures to assess patients’ satisfaction and confirm in what areas they are satisfied and most importantly, where they are not. We believe that the FACE-Q RM should be used before every patient.
Complications and Treatments of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection After Rhinoplasty With Implants: A Clinical Study
Authors: Zeng Qi , Hu Yun-Gang , Tang Yu-Xi , Yu Bao-Fu , Li Xiao-Lin 
Published: July 2022

Background:

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen, and because of its specificity, its treatments appear tricky in postrhinoplasty infections with internal implants. This study summarizes the clinical characteristics and treatment of this type of infections to provide some reference for clinical work.

Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed 10 patients who were diagnosed with a nasal infection of P. aeruginosa after implant nasal augmentation. The results of the bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test of the patients’ wound secretions were summarized and analyzed. We summarized the characteristics of the patients’ infection and the treatments, and we also summarized the patients’ prognosis.

Results:
In these 10 cases, their implants included rib cartilage and ear cartilage alone, as well as their own cartilage combined with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene and silicone. All patients developed wound infections within 1 month after rhinoplasty, with bacterial cultures of P. aeruginosa. Prolonged use of sensitive antibiotics, as well as wound dressing changes, failed to keep the infection well under control. Patients whose implant was removed and thoroughly debrided within 1 week of infection did not experience any serious complications. In patients who were infected for >1 week before surgery to remove the implants, complications such as nasal column necrosis and nasal contracture occurred, and later the nasal repair was performed after multiple surgeries.

Conclusions:
For bacterial infections in postrhinoplasty wounds with implants, we recommend early bacterial culture. If the infection is clearly P. aeruginosa, the implant should be removed and thoroughly debrided as soon as possible to avoid serious complications.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV.
Prevention and management of hospital-acquired pressure injury among patients with lung disease in a hospital: a best practice implementation project
Authors: Su Jui-Yuan , Mu Pei-Fan , Wang Ching-Hui , Chen Yu-Shang , Cheng Ting-Yin , Lee Mei-Yin 
Published: July 2022

Objectives:
The aim of this project was to promote evidence-based practice in the prevention and management of pressure injury in lung disease patients.

Introduction:
Pressure injury is a crucial quality indicator for hospital care of patients. The pressure injury incidence threshold in the chest wards has been exceeding that of the general ward (0.128%), which may extend patients’ hospital stay.

Methods:
Clinical audits were performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System and Getting Research into Practice (GRiP) audit and feedback tool. Twelve audit criteria representing best practice recommendations for preventing and managing pressure injury among lung disease patients were used. A baseline audit was performed to measure the degree of consistency between existing practice and best practice. This project used the GRiP analysis and multiple strategies to develop care protocols for pressure injury prevention and management. A follow-up audit was conducted to measure changes in clinical practice and pressure injury incidence.

Results:
Postimplementation audit compliance rates improved for the following criteria: skin assessment for identifying pressure injury indications (from 31 to 81%), identification of pressure injury risk score/category (from 19 to 88%), employment of nutritional assessment tools (from 8 to 93%), and provision of information regarding oral nutritional supplements (from 23 to 84%). Furthermore, patients learning the pressure injury care protocols (from 48 to 93%), the receipt of additional skin protection measures, and repositioning of vulnerable areas to relieve pressure increased to 100 and 93%, respectively. After project implementation, the monthly pressure injury incidence decreased markedly from 0.075 to 0.021%.

Conclusion:
The success factors of this project are attributable to leadership, open communication, multiple learning-by-doing strategies, regular audits, and the promotion of patient and family engagement.
Associations between general sleep quality and measures of functioning and cognition in subjects recently diagnosed with bipolar disorder
Authors: Montezano Bruno Braga , de A. Cardoso Taiane , de Mattos Souza Luciano D. , Moreira Fernanda Pedrotti , Mondin Thaíse Campos , da Silva Ricardo A. , Jansen Karen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe present study aims to assess the association between sleep quality and the functional and cognitive impairment in subjects that recently converted to bipolar disorder (BD), subjects with past major depressive disorder (MDD) and subjects with recurrent MDD. This was a cross-sectional study corresponding to a second wave of a cohort study with a community sample. The first wave included 585 subjects diagnosed with MDD. Mood episodes were assessed through structured clinical interview. Functional and objective cognitive impairments were measured by the Functional Assessment Short Test (FAST) and Letter-number sequencing from Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III, respectively, and Cognitive Complaints in Bipolar Disorder Rating Assessment (COBRA) was used for subjective cognition measure. Sleep quality was assessed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). In PSQI, FAST and COBRA, we found significantly worse scores in the BD and recurrent MDD groups when compared to past MDD group. Our findings also showed a significant association between functioning and subjective cognition with general sleep quality in all observed groups. We reinforce the need to follow-up for maintenance of functional and cognitive impairment, notably with BD patients, who may suffer in addition to damage caused by sleep alterations, also with neuroprogression in the long term.
A widely distributed gene cluster compensates for uricase loss in hominids
Authors: Liu Yuanyuan , Jarman J. Bryce , Low Yen S. , Huang Steven , Chen Haoqing , DeFeo Mary E. , Sekiba Kazuma , Hou Bi-Huei , Ganesan Calyani , Pao Alan C. , Gombar Saurabh , Dodd Dylan 
Published: July 2022

SummaryApproximately 15% of US adults have circulating levels of uric acid above its solubility limit, which is causally linked to the disease gout. In most mammals, uric acid elimination is facilitated by the enzyme uricase. However, human uricase is a pseudogene, having been inactivated early in hominid evolution. Though it has long been known that uric acid is eliminated in the gut, the role of the gut microbiota in hyperuricemia has not been studied. Here we identify a widely distributed bacterial gene cluster that encodes a pathway for uric acid degradation. Stable isotope tracing demonstrates that gut bacteria metabolize uric acid to xanthine or short chain fatty acids. Ablation of the microbiota in uricase-deficient mice causes severe hyperuricemia, and anaerobe-targeted antibiotics increase the risk of gout in humans. These data reveal a role for the gut microbiota in uric acid excretion and highlight the potential for microbiome-targeted therapeutics in hyperuricemia.
A Targeted Approach for Evaluating DUX4-Regulated Proteins as Potential Serum Biomarkers for Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy Using Immunoassay Proteomics
Authors: Campbell Amy E. , Arjomand Jamshid , King Oliver D. , Tawil Rabi , Jagannathan Sujatha 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundFacioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is a progressive myopathy caused by misexpression of the double homeobox 4 (DUX4) embryonic transcription factor in skeletal muscle. Identifying quantitative and minimally invasive FSHD biomarkers to report on DUX4 activity will significantly accelerate therapeutic development.ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to analyze secreted proteins already known to be induced by DUX4 in order to identify potential blood-based molecular FSHD biomarkers.MethodsWe used high-throughput, multiplex immunoassays from Olink Proteomics to measure the levels of several known DUX4-induced genes in a cellular myoblast model of FSHD, in FSHD patient-derived myotube cell cultures, and in serum from individuals with FSHD. Levels of other proteins on the Olink Proteomics panels containing these DUX4 targets were also examined in secondary exploratory analysis.ResultsPlacental alkaline phosphatase (ALPP) levels correlated with DUX4 expression in both cell-based FSHD systems but did not distinguish FSHD patient serum from healthy controls.ConclusionsALPP, as measured with the Olink Proteomics platform, is not a promising FSHD serum biomarker candidate but could be utilized to evaluate DUX4 activity in discovery research efforts.
Beta-Thalassemia minor and SARS-CoV-2, prevalence, severity, morbidity and mortality: a systematic review study
Authors: Lansiaux Edouard , Drouin Emmanuel , Bolm Carsten 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundSince the first year of the COVID-19 global pandemic, a hypothesis concerning the possible protection/immunity of beta-thalassemia carriers remains in abeyance.MethodsThree databases (Pubmed Central, Scopus and Google Scholar) were screened and checked in order to extract all studies about incidence of confirmed COVID-19 cases OR mortality rate OR severity assessment OR ICU admission among patients with beta-thalassemia minor, were included in this analysis. The language was limited to English. Studies such as case reports, review studies, and studies that did not have complete data for calculating incidences were excluded.Results and discussionThree studies upon 2265 were selected. According to our systematic-review meta-analysis, beta-thalassemia carriers could be less COVID-19 affected than general population [IRR= 0.9250(0.5752;1.4877)], affected by COVID-19 with a worst severity [OR=1.5933(0.4884;5.1981)], less admissible into ICU [IRR=0.3620(0.0025;51.6821)] and more susceptible to die from COVID-19 or one of its consequences [IRR=1.8542(0.7819;4.3970)]. However, all of those results stay insignificant with a bad p-value (respectively 0.7479, 0.4400, 0.6881, 0.1610). Other large case-control or registry studies are needed to confirm these trends.
Monkey Pox Virus (MPXV): Phylogenomics, Host-Pathogen Interactome, and Mutational Cascade
Authors: kumar Roshan , Nagar Shekhar , Haider Shazia , Sood Utkarsh , Ponnusamy Kalaiarasan , Dhingra Gauri Garg , Anand Shailly , Dua Ankita , Singh Mona , Sengar Manisha , Singh Indrakant Kumar , Lal Rup 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWhile the world is still managing to recover from Covid-19 pandemic, Monkeypox awaits to bring in another global outbreak as a challenge to the entire mankind. However, Covid-19 pandemic have taught us lessons to move fast in viral genomic research to implement prevention and treatment strategies. One of the important aspects in Monkeypox virus should be immediately taken up is to gather insights of its evolutionary lineage based on the genomic studies. We have thus analysed the genome sequences of reported isolates of Monkeypox in the present study through phylogenomics. Host-pathogen interactions, mutation prevalence and evolutionary dynamics of this virus were investigated for all the documented isolates. Phylogenetic exploration revealed the clustering of strain Israel 2018 (MN 648051.1) from Clade I with the four isolates reported from the recent outbreak. An in-depth scrutiny of the host-pathogen interactome identified protein E3, serine protease inhibitor-2 (SPI-2), protein K7, and cytokine response-modifying protein B (CrmB) as the major regulatory hubs. Among these, the CrmB protein (dN/dS ≈ 1.61) was detected to be operating through positive selection. It possibly attests a selective advantage with the monkeypox virus in protecting the infected cells from antiviral responses elicited by the host. Studies also revealed that CrmB protein exhibited several mutations, the majority of which were destabilizing (ΔΔG >0). While this study identified a large number of mutations within the newly outbreak clade, it also reflected that we need to move fast with the genomic analysis of the newly detected strains from around the world to develop better prevention and treatment methods
Tumor suppressor Hypermethylated in Cancer 1 represses expression of cell cycle regulator E2F7 in human primary cells
Authors: Lanikova Lucie , Svec Jiri , Janeckova Lucie , Pospichalova Vendula , Dibus Nikol , Vojtechova Martina , Hrckulak Dusan , Sloncova Eva , Strnad Hynek , Korinek Vladimir 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHypermethylated in Cancer 1 (HIC1) is an established tumor suppressor, which is frequently inactivated in various cancers. In colorectal carcinoma (CRC), silencing of HIC1 has been recognized as one of the important events in malignant tumor progression. Strikingly, CRC patients with high HIC1 expression have a worse prognosis than patients with relatively lowHIC1mRNA levels. To analyze the function of HIC1, we performed expression profiling of human primary fibroblasts after downregulation of HIC1 by RNA interference. We show that HIC1 deficiency triggers a p53-dependent response and that disruption of theHIC1gene in human colon cells delays cell cycle progression under serum deficiency conditions. Moreover, treatment with etoposide, a DNA-damaging agent, significantly impairs the proliferation rate and dynamics of damaged DNA repair in HIC1-deficient compared with wild-type cells. One of the genes upregulated in HIC1-depleted cells encodes cell cycle regulator E2F7. E2F7 is an atypical member of the E2F family, which functions primarily as a transcriptional repressor, and its downregulation is essential for proper cell cycle progression and expression of genes involved in DNA repair. We demonstrated that E2F7 is indeed the target of transcriptional repression mediated by HIC1. Moreover, our results suggest that the phenotypic manifestations associated with loss of theHIC1gene, in particular the changes in cell cycle progression and slowed repair of damaged DNA, are caused by dysregulation of E2F7 expression. Finally, we observed an inverse relationship between HIC1 and E2F7 in a panel of CRC. Importantly, CRC patients who express relatively high levels of E2F7 have a remarkably better prognosis than patients with intermediate or low levels of E2F7 expression.