bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterisation of Interlock Knitted Fabric with Different Feed Patterns to Improve Thermal and Sensorial Comfort
Authors: Jamshaid Hafsa , Rajput Abdul Waqar , Zahid Bilal , Hussain Sajid 
Published: April 2022

This study reports an investigation of the effect of different cellulose materials and yarn feeding patterns on thermo-physiological comfort, sensorial comfort, serviceability/pilling and ultraviolet properties. An interlock structure with a combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic material was developed in such a way that each material was prominent in consecutive wales or courses. The yarn feed pattern in interlock fabric overcomes the limitation of plaited single jersey fabrics. Cellulose – based hydrophilic natural and regenerated fibres were used i.e cotton, model and viscose rayon, as well as hydrophobic synthetic fibre i.e. polyester for manufacturing fabric samples. By comparing the results, it became clear that wale-wise alternate yarns provide better overall moisture management properties than course-wise. Similarly, for fabric handle and pilling properties, wale-wise alternate yarn provides better properties. Interlock fabrics with the TransDRY® Technology effect are liable for use in protective textiles, medical textiles and in other functional textiles/children’s clothing.
Colour Difference Classification for Dyed Fabrics Based on Differential Evolution with Dynamic Parameter Selection to Optimise the Output Regularisation Extreme Learning Machine
Authors: Zhou Zhiyu , Liu Dexin , Zhang Jianxin , Zhu Zefei , Yang Donghe , Jiang Likai 
Published: April 2022

A novel optimisation technique based on the differential evolution (DE) algorithm with dynamic parameter selection (DPS-DE) is proposed to develop a colour difference classification model for dyed fabrics, improve the classification accuracy, and optimise the output regularisation extreme learning machine (RELM). The technique proposed is known as DPS-DE-RELM and has three major differences compared with DE-ELM: (1) Considering that the traditional ELM provides an illness solution based on the output weights, DE is proposed to optimise the output of the RELM. (2) Considering the simple parameter setting of the traditional algorithm, the DE algorithm with DPS is adopted. (3) For DPS, an optimal range of parameters is chosen, and the efficiency of the algorithm is significantly improved. This study analyses the colour difference classification of fabric images captured under standard lighting based on the DPS-DE-RELM algorithm. First, the colour difference of the fabric images is calculated and six color-difference-related features extracted, and second the features are classified into five different levels based on the perception of humans. Finally, a colour difference classification model is built based on the DPS-DE-RELM algorithm, and then the optimal classification model suitable for this study is selected. The experimental results show that the output method with regularisation parameters can achieve a maximum classification accuracy of 98.87%, which is higher compared with the aforementioned optimised original ELM algorithm, which can achieve a maximum accuracy of 84.67%. Therefore, the method proposed has the advantages of greater convergence speed, high classification accuracy, and robustness.
Research on the Influence of the Mechanism of Technology Convergence on China’s Textile Industry Performance
Authors: Xu Qian , Cheng Hua , Yu Yabin 
Published: April 2022

Technology convergence (TC) can integrate new technologies, methods and processes into traditional industries. It can accelerate the transformation and upgrading of these industries, and is of great significance to their development. The purpose of our research is to reveal the impact of the mechanism of technology integration on the textile industry and conduct empirical research. This study firstly builds the linear and non-linear mechanism of the impact of TC on the development of China’s textile industry. Empirical research is conducted based on the panel fixed effect model and panel threshold model. The results are as follows: (1) TC significantly contributes to the performance of China’s textile industry, as endogenous convergence can significantly promote industrial performance, while the effect of exogenous convergence is insignificant; (2) TC has a double-threshold effect, with its coefficient being largest at a medium level; and (3) TC has an enterprise scale threshold, in which its effect indicates that only when the scale exceeds the threshold can TC more effectively foster industry performance. The significance of these results for the development of China’s textile industry is that they strengthen the level of TC for it to be convergent with emerging industries, as well as increase the size and absorptive capacity of enterprises.
Performance Evaluation of Upholstery Fabric Developed from Recycled Fibres
Authors: Jamshaid Hafsa , Zahid Bilal , Rajput Abdul Waqar , Hussain Sajid , Hussain Uzair 
Published: April 2022

The aim of this work was to investigate the properties of upholstery fabric produced from recycled hard waste of coloured fabric clippings. Mélange yarns were formed with the combination of red, green, black and yellow in different ratios. Five yarn samples of 5 Nec linear density were produced from each blend ratio using the rotor spinning technique. These yarns were used to develop fabric samples in a satin weave. These yarn and fabric samples were investigated for different quality parameters, especially the abrasion resistance, pilling resistance, absorbency and light fastness of the fabrics as per standard test methods. The abrasion test is important for the durability and longer-lasting performance of upholstery fabric. From the analysis of test results, it is concluded that all the serviceability properties are in a good range, and these fabrics can be used for waiting room area upholstery fabric
Innovative Knitted Fabrics Containing Lateral Propagation Optical Fibres Designed for Children with Autism – Preliminary Stud
Authors: Nowak Iwona 
Published: April 2022

The article presents an analysis of preliminary research on the functionalisation of knitted fabrics in such a way that they can perform a therapeutic function and be used as a chromotherapy tool for children with autism. Knitted fabric with optical fibres comprisesan innovative approach to the topic of helping the sick and their families, where colour therapy treatment can be performed at home, following the recommendations of the attending physician or therapist.
Ergonomic and Olfactometric Assessment of Anti-Odour Filtering Half-Masks under Real-Life Workplace Conditions
Authors: Brochocka Agnieszka , Nowak Aleksandra , Okrasa Małgorzata 
Published: April 2022

The presence of vapours and gases of chemical compounds in the atmospheric air contributes to mental discomfort as well as irritation of the respiratory tract and eyes. The technical solutions applied, such as collective protection measures, namely the encapsulation of processes or local ventilation equipped with appropriate air filters, are often insufficient. In such a case, respiratory protective equipment (RPE) is the basic and, in many cases, the only technical means that protects humans against the harmful effects of this type of harmful substance. The study evaluated the ergonomic and anti-odour properties of a novel filtering half-mask model with an oxygen indicator in functional workplace tests. In addition, the subjective anti-odour assessment results from functional tests were statistically compared with the results of olfactometric tests. The differences identified are attributable to the fact that the olfactometric method excludes subjects with olfactory impairments. Moreover, statistical analysis indicated significant differences in anti-odour properties between a reference half-mask and the filtering half-mask model with a nonwoven adsorbent layer (91% odour reduction). The filtering half-mask developed was found to provide high and very high levels of user comfort and exhibited excellent protective and functional properties, with a filtration performance of 96% and breathing resistance of 147 Pa. Those parameters qualify the filtering half-mask presented for protection class FFP2. In addition, the half-mask effectively absorbed the vapours of malodorous substances up to 3 h and displayed oxygen concentration in the breathing zone. It should be noted that currently no such device is commercially available either in Poland or in the European Union.
Influence of Temperature on the Properties of Cellulose Iβ based on Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Huang Shuang , Wu Xin , Li Peixing 
Published: April 2022

Natural plants, such as cotton and linen, are rich in cellulose Iβ. The properties of cellulose Iβ under different temperatures was studied using molecular dynamics simulations. Firstly, the crystal of cellulose Iβ was built. To verify the model, the X-ray fibre diffraction and thermal expansion coefficients were calculated, which were found to agree with experimental results. Then the Mulliken population of the bonds were computed and the movement of the centre chain and hydrogen bonds studied over the range 300-550 K using a PCFF force field. The results of the Mulliken population reveal the three steps of pyrolysis. The higher the temperature is, the more intensely the movement of the centre chain is. However, the impact of temperature on the movement of the centre chain is not obvious. From 300 K to 550 K, the total number of hydrogen bonds decreased by only 20%. Moreocer, the rupture of intrachain hydrogen bonds and the formation of interchain hydrogen bonds at 400 K ~ 450 K temperature occurred.
Effects of Foliar Sulfur Applications on the Quality of Cotton Plant Fibre Under Water Stress Conditions
Authors: Kazgöz Candemir Derya , Odemis Berkant 
Published: April 2022

The research was conducted to determine the effects of Sulfur foliar applications on the fibre quality of cotton plants exposed to water stress at different growth stages in the Amik Plain (Hatay province, Turkey) in 2015 and 2016. Cotton plants were studied in three different developmental stages (vegetative growth period (VG); flowering and boll development period (FB) and boll opening period (BO)) and full irrigation was applied in some periods, while deficit irrigation was applied in the others. Sulfur fertiliser from foliar was applied in different doses (S0: 0 ml da-1, S1: 150 ml da-1, S2: 250 ml da-1, S3: 350 ml da-1). The study was carried out with three replications according to the split plot design. In the research, the effects of the water deficit and sulfur dose applications on gin turnout and fibre quality characteristics at different growth stages were investigated. Results showed that the average spinning consistency index (SCI) decreased by 11.75% due to the water deficit (compared to the treatment of TTT, irrigation in all three crop developmental stages). Similar effects were observed in the fibre length, micronaire, fibre strength and uniformity index values, which were decreased by 7.31%, 4.07%, 5.89% and 2.17%, respectively. The average gin turnout of the irrigated treatment (TTT), in which there is no deficit irrigation, decreased by 2.5% compared to the control treatment (OOO). Similar effects were observed in fibre elongation and short fibre content values which were decreased by 8.43% and 14.60%, respectively. The average S1 and S3 sulfur doses increased the gin turnout by 0.44% and 0.35%, respectively, and the S2 dose decreased it by 0.79%.
Characterisation of CVC Yarn with Different Drafting Ratios in Vortex Spinning
Authors: Repon Md. Reazuddin , Islam Tarikul , Rahman Mahbubur , Malek Abdul , Jalili Mohammad Abdul 
Published: April 2022

This study focuses on the impacts of the draft on the characteristics of MVS produced CVC blended yarn. The output of a finisher drawn sliver with a linear density of 3.54 ktex was converted into yarns of 18.45 tex (32 s/1 Ne) with the help of two separate delivery speeds: 350 and 410 m/min when possessing all constant spinning parameters. The properties of the yarn such as yarn anomaly, imperfections, tensile behaviour, and hairiness were investigated. The significance of independent variables and their relations with the physico-mechanical characteristics of CVC yarn was examined using two-way ANOVA at a 95% level of confidence.
Comparative Study on the Water Vapour Permeability of Textile by a Standard and Novel device
Authors: Mazari Adnan , Havelka Antonin , Naeem Jawad , Adamek Karel 
Published: April 2022

Thermo-physiological properties are very much connected to water vapour and air permeability. There are multiple standards with different working principles to determine the exact performance of any textile material. However, most of these tests are time-consuming and work on the steady state principle, whereas few devices work on heat flux, where results can be obtained much more quickly. The research article covers the testing of 8 unique shirt samples on these devices compared that on a novel device created by the author to see how much the results differ from each other. Lastly, a theoretical approach was used to determine any correlation between air permeability and water vapour permeability. The research work helps in understanding the working of different devices used for water vapour permeability and allows a reduction in time by using a predictive approach with just the results from the air permeability machine.
Effect of Industrial Washing and Laundering on the Colour Values of Knitted Denim
Authors: Mezarcıöz Serin 
Published: April 2022

One of the most distinctive features of denim is that the warp yarn is dyed with indigo dye and the weft yarns are not dyed, i.e. white. Although warp yarns dyed with indigo dye are woven with different woven fabric weaves, classical denim fabrics weave are produced with 3/1 Z twill weave. The search for new products in denim has led businesses to produce denim-looking knitted fabrics. Denim-looking knitted garments are subjected to industrial washing at the production phase and repetitive household washing processes in daily life. Repeated washing and drying processes cause changes that can affect user satisfaction in terms of losing the colour of the fabric. Therefore, in this study, the colour values of knitted denim fabrics produced as an alternative to denim fabrics manufactured by traditional methods after various industrial (rinse, enzyme and stone washing) and home washes (5, 10, 20 times) were examined. For this, the CIELab colour system was taken as the basis for colour analysis on a spectrophotometer device. As a result of the washing processes performed on each fabric sample (household washing and rinse, enzyme, stone washing applications), it was observed that there were differences in colour values depending on the fibre type, loop yarn length, fabric construction and washing process.
Innovative Management Strategies in the Rental System for the Example of a Professional Manufacturer of Protective Clothing and Workwear
Authors: Pinar Anna , Czajkowski Tomasz , Syska-Stasik Matylda , Zasępa Marta 
Published: April 2022

The article presents selected issues from the field of management and organisation methods in the sector of professional clothing production, with respect to rental and servicing in the rental system. Logistics solutions were described for the example of ORK POLAND Sp. z o.o., a leading producer of protective clothing in the European market, known under the ORK Wear trademark. The country’s leading enterprises are among the clothing recipients, who also provide professional services in the dynamically developing laundry service for work and protective clothing as a rental service. Evaluation of the influence of industrial washing procedures on the properties of materials and clothing products was performed in laboratory conditions according to the EN ISO 15797 standard and with the use of a testing station that was implemented by ORK POLAND Sp. z o.o., as the first and only company in Poland, under project cooperation with Łukasiewicz Research Network – Textile Research Institute.
Effect of Waste Fines and Fibers on the Strength and Durability Performance of Silica Fume Based Reactive Powder Concrete
Authors: Renisha M. , Sakthieswaran N. 
Published: April 2022

The demand and consumption of conventional concrete materials is increasing day by day, which in turn leads to the extinction of natural resources. Certain researchers tend to draw a circle to solve this global problem by finding alternative materials satisfying all aspects, mainly efficiency, eco-friendly and economical. The present research work aimed to study the combined use of coal bottom ash (CBA) and waste concrete powder (WCP) in silica fume based reactive powder concrete (SF-RPC) subjected to thermal curing. The replacement of cement by silica fume was limited to 20% and the fine aggregate quartz sand replaced by CBA and WCP varied from 5% to 25% each. The material composition of SF-RPC involves the exclusion of coarse aggregates and the inclusion of finer materials with micro-steel fibers. The steel fibers played a significant role in order to obtain a ductile and stable product of SF-RPC. The experimental investigation on SF-RPC comprised of the determination of fresh concrete properties such as slump flow and the compaction factor, as well as mechanical properties like compressive strength, flexural strength and split-tensile strength. The study was also extended to investigate durability properties such as water absorption, sorptivity and resistance to acid attack. The results showed that silica fume proves to be a feasible alternative to partially replace cement and also that optimum incorporation of pre-treated and processed CBA and WCP attains better mechanical and durability performance without compromising the necessary qualities.
Process and Design of Jacquard Warp Knitted Spacer Fabric
Authors: Wen Zhang , Liu Shuai 
Published: April 2022

Due to the rapid production of warp knitted jacquard spacer fabric in recent years, as well as physical properties of light, heat conduction, buffering effect, compression resistance, moisture permeability and air permeability, warp knitted spacer fabric has been used more and more widely in clothing, shoes and hats, as well as in fields such as medical care, construction engineering, safety protection and others. The design demand for different patterns and functions is also increasing gradually. Jacquard designers established a complete design model which plays a certain guiding role in the design of warp knitted spacer fabric. It brings innovative design to the surface pattern and structure of the fabric, making it more functional. The adoption of computer aided design also has a certain guiding role in the design process. Taking the CAD pattern design of warp knitted spacer fabric as an example, which combines the functional characteristics of the fabric and the jacquard pattern. Thus, we design fabric products that meet the market demand and initiate fashion trends.
Inheritance and Innovation of Folk Textile Mending Techniques under the Traditional Concept of Cherishing Things
Authors: Wu Xin , Shen Yu 
Published: April 2022

Economised, thorough and skilful utilisation with the concept of cherishing things as its core thought is the basic design concept of traditional creation activities, implying profound philosophical thinking and life philosophy. This article, based on a theoretical interpretation of the traditional concept of cherishing things and combining methods including documents, material objects, manual restoration, etc., firstly expounds the influence and meaning of traditional Chinese folk textile mending in carrying out the concept of cherishing things in the contemporary era; secondly, it focuses on summarising the origin and development of the textile mending industry, pointing out the application prospects of hand darning techniques in nowadays market; and finally, via interpreting the comprehensive design of materials technology, pro-phase protection of preventive mending “smart creation” mode innovation of textiles, etc., this study specifically analyses the inheritance and innovation of folk textile mending techniques, so as to provide references for relevant industries and handicraft enthusiasts in the future.
The axial skeleton of Brachyodus onoideus (Mammalia, Anthracotheriidae): taxonomic and functional implications
Authors: Pickford Martin 
Published: April 2022

Vertebrae of Brachyodus onoideus from Europe have never been described, yet several specimens have been curated in diverse museums for more than a century. The importance of the cervical vertebrae lies in the fact that they reveal that this species possessed a moderately elongated neck that in neutral posture was oriented upwards, somewhat as in some extant artiodactyls (Okapi, Eland and camels), unlike the low-slung head and neck posture of the two extant genera of hippopotamuses. The sacrum of Brachyodus is markedly different from those of Hippopotamus and Choeropsis. In morpho-functional terms it is closer to those of large ruminants and equids, indicating the possession of a less muscular tail than in hippos which wag their tails energetically during defecation.
MR relaxation times of agar‐based tissue‐mimicking phantoms
Authors: Antoniou Anastasia , Georgiou Leonidas , Christodoulou Theodora , Panayiotou Natalie , Ioannides Cleanthis , Zamboglou Nikolaos , Damianou Christakis 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAgar gels were previously proven capable of accurately replicating the acoustical and thermal properties of real tissue and widely used for the construction of tissue‐mimicking phantoms (TMPs) for focused ultrasound (FUS) applications. Given the current popularity of magnetic resonance‐guided FUS (MRgFUS), we have investigated the MR relaxation times T1 and T2 of different mixtures of agar‐based phantoms. Nine TMPs were constructed containing agar as the gelling agent and various concentrations of silicon dioxide and evaporated milk. An agar‐based phantom doped with wood powder was also evaluated. A series of MR images were acquired in a 1.5 T scanner for T1 and T2 mapping. T2 was predominantly affected by varying agar concentrations. A trend toward decreasing T1 with an increasing concentration of evaporated milk was observed. The addition of silicon dioxide decreased both relaxation times of pure agar gels. The proposed phantoms have great potential for use with the continuously emerging MRgFUS technology. The MR relaxation times of several body tissues can be mimicked by adjusting the concentration of ingredients, thus enabling more accurate and realistic MRgFUS studies.