bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic performance of tomosynthesis, digital mammography and a dedicated digital specimen radiography system versus pathological assessment of excised breast lesions
Authors: Almasarweh Sa’ed , Sudah Mazen , Okuma Hidemi , Joukainen Sarianna , Kärjä Vesa , Vanninen Ritva , Masarwah Amro 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
The aim of the study was to compare the performance of full-field digital mammography (FFDM), digital breast tomosynthesis and a dedicated digital specimen radiography system (SRS) in consecutive patients, and to compare the margin status of resected lesions versus pathological assessment.

Patients and methods
Resected tissue specimens from consecutive patients who underwent intraoperative breast specimen assessment following wide local excision or oncoplastic breast conservative surgery were examined by FFDM, tomosynthesis and SRS. Two independent observers retrospectively evaluated the visibility of lesions, size, margins, spiculations, calcifications and diagnostic certainty, and chose the best performing method in a blinded manner.

Results
We evaluated 216 specimens from 204 patients. All target malignant lesions were removed with no tumouron-ink. One papilloma had positive microscopic margins and one patient underwent reoperation owing to extensive in situ components. There were no significant differences in measured lesion size among the three methods. However, tomosynthesis was the most accurate modality when compared with the final pathological report. Both observers reported that tomosynthesis had significantly better lesion visibility than SRS and FFDM, which translated into a significantly greater diagnostic certainty. Tomosynthesis was superior to the other two methods in identifying spiculations and calcifications. Both observers reported that tomosynthesis was the best performing method in 76.9% of cases. The interobserver reproducibilities of lesion visibility and diagnostic certainty were high for all three methods.

Conclusions
Tomosynthesis was superior to SRS and FFDM for detecting and evaluating the target lesions, spiculations and calcifications, and was therefore more reliable for assessing complete excision of breast lesions.
Workability and Strength Characteristics of Alkali-Activated Fly ASH/GGBS Concrete Activated with Neutral Grade Na2SiO3 for Various Binder Contents and the Ratio of the Liquid/Binder
Authors: Paul Gugulothu Vikas , Gunneswara Rao T. D. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Alkali-activated fly ash/GGBS concrete (AAFGC) is a new blended concrete that has been studied by many researchers due to its environmental advantages and better technological characteristics. However, the effect of various factors on AAFGC fresh and hardened properties has not yet been thoroughly studied. The literature mainly describes the combination of NaOH and Na2SiO3 as an activator for the AAFGC’s activation, but alkali-activated GGBS concrete (AAGC) prepared with this activator solution is less workable due to its rapid setting behaviour. In this study, AAFGC was prepared using neutral grade liquid Na2SiO3 with a SiO2/Na2O ratio of 2.92. An experimental program was performed for fly ash-GGBS combinations (100-0, 50-50, 0-100), solution/binder ratios (0.6, 0.65, 0.7) and binder contents (300, 400 and 500 kg/m3) to evaluate the workability and the compressive and tensile strength of AAFGC. The results of this study show that a water glass of 2.92 silica modulus used as an activator to prepare AAFGC under ambient curing is very useful in the construction industry.
Teknik Menyusui yang benar pada Ibu Nifas di Klinik Pratama Ar-Rabih Tahun 2021
Authors: Sianturi Wenti Sintia Mutiara , Rina Yulviana  
Published: October 2022

Breastfeeding is an unrivaled way of providing ideal food for the healthy growth and development of babies. Often the breastfeeding process fails, especially in primigravida postpartum mothers. This can be due to the lack of knowledge of mothers about the correct breastfeeding technique. For that a mother needs someone who can guide her in terms of breastfeeding. This case report aims to provide midwifery care to postpartum mothers who still lack knowledge about correct breastfeeding techniques so that postpartum mothers do not experience problems breastfeeding their babies. The case study was carried out at the Ar-Rabih Primary Clinic and then continued with care at the patient's home. Midwifery care for Mrs. S is carried out starting from 07 May 2021 to 09 June 2021. The visit is carried out for 2 times. The method of documentation in the form of SOAP. This case study was conducted on primigravida postpartum women. From the results of this Final Project, it was obtained that the postpartum mother at the first visit still did not know the correct breastfeeding technique but after the author provided midwifery care regarding the correct breastfeeding technique, the postpartum mother finally understood and understood the correct breastfeeding technique. Likewise, on the second visit conducted by the author, it was found that the postpartum mother had no complaints about the correct breastfeeding technique and had been able to apply it when breastfeeding her baby. It is recommended to BPM or Midwifery Clinic to pay more attention to counseling about correct breastfeeding techniques, so that postpartum mothers can understand and practice it.

Keywords : Breastfeeding Techniques, Postpartum mothers
Pengembangan E-Learning Fisika Berbasis Masalah Berbantuan Laboratorium Virtual Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Proses Sains Peserta Didik
Authors: Sumaeni Baiq , Sutrio Sutrio , Gunada I Wayan 
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan e-learning fisika berbasis masalah berbantuan laboratorium virtual yang valid, praktis, dan efektif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan proses sains peserta didik pada topik gerak lurus. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian pengembangan (Research & Development) yang mengacu pada langkah-langkah model 4D (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). Produk pada penelitian ini terdiri dari e-learning fisika, silabus, RPP, LKPD, dan instrumen tes. Pengumpulan data berupa validitas produk diperoleh dari hasil validasi oleh validator ahli dan validator praktisi dengan rentang hasil rata-rata validasi semua produk dari 3.19-3.77 dengan kriteria valid. kepraktisan produk diperoleh dari lembar angket respon peserta didik setelah mengikuti kegiatan pembelajaran. Persentase hasil penilaian dan analisis data kepraktisan diperoleh nilai 84.87% dengan kriteria cukup praktis. Adapun uji efektivitas produk menggunakan uji N-Gain yang diperoleh dari hasil pretest dan posttest pada uji terbatas. Persentase hasil penilaian dan analisis data uji efektivitas diperoleh peningkatan yang cukup signifikan yaitu 58.13% dengan kriteria cukup efektif. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa e-learning fisika dan perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan valid, praktis dan efektif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan proses sains peserta didik.
Penetration of International Economic Law in the Development of the Cyber Notary Concept in Indonesia
Authors: Lubis Ikhsan , Murwadji Tarsisius , Sukarja Detania , Rosmalinda Rosmalinda 
Published: October 2022

This study aims to describe the penetration of international economic law in the development of the cyber notary concept in Indonesia. The development of the world today, which has entered the Industrial Revolution 4.0, has forced international law to develop the idea of a cyber notary. It needs to be conducted because Indonesia has no legal instrument to regulate cyber notaries. This study adopts legal research conducted to examine the problem in a normative juridical approach where the author examines various laws and regulations because normative juridical conceptualizes law as a written norm and is poured into legislation used as a benchmark for the community. The study results indicate that various legal instruments have been established, such as legal norms regarding Cyber Notaries in Indonesia, which are contained in the Act, in particular a. Law No. 2 of 2014 concerning amendments to Law No. 30 of 2004 concerning the Position of a Notary. Law No. 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions (UU ITE), Law No. 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies.
PENERAPAN NILAI-NILAI PANCASILA DALAM MENGATASI COVID-19 DI KELURAHAN LAGOA JAKARTA UTARA
Authors: Rosida Ida 
Published: October 2022

Pandemi covid-19 ini telah menjadi bancana global dan bukan hanya terjadi di Indonesia,. Seluruh dunia terkena dampak negatif dari Covid-19 ini. Pandemi Covid-19 yang tengah dihadapi oleh Indonesia sejak bulan Maret 2020, bukan hanya Indonesia saja melainkan seluruh dunia. Di Indonesia sendiri pandemi Covid-19 telah mengubah kebiasaan masyarakat Indonesia yang suka berkumpul dan melakukan aktivitas secara normal. Covid-19 ini memberikan tantangan yang berkaitan bagaimana cara menanggulangi pendemi Covid-19 ini. Disisi lain ada kemajuan pengetahuan dalam digitalisasi. Artikel ini mengemukakan penerapan nilai-nilai pancasila dalam penanggulangi covid-19 dengan metode Literature review dengan teknik membbuat ringkasan (summarize) yang akan memberikan solusi bagaimana cara dan strategi menanggulangi Covid-19 ini dengan penerapan nilai-nilai Pancasila yang akan menjadi langkah yang baik untuk mengingatkan masyarakat, akan nilai-pancasila dalam kehidupan. Kita sebagai warga Negara Indonesia jangan pernah lupa untuk menerapkannila-nilai pancasila sebagai pedoman hidup bangsa dalam menanggulangi pandemic Covid-19. Kata Kunci: Pancasila, Nilai, Covid-19
Peran Kebudayaan Dalam Dunia Pendidikan THE ROLE OF CULTURE IN THE WORLD OF EDUCATION
Authors: Widyastuti Myta 
Published: October 2022

Pendidikan secara praktis tak dapat dipisahkan dengan nilai budaya. Kebudayaan merupakan bagian dari pendidikan. Keduanya sangat erat hubungannya karena saling melengkapi dan mendukung satu sama lainnya. Namun dalam perkembangannya kebudayaan mengalami proses globalisasi, ini sangat berpengaruh pada pendidikan. Pendidikan yang tidak dilandasi oleh prinsip dan kaidah-kaidah budaya itu akan menyebabkan peserta didik tercabut dari akar budayanya. Maka tujuan dari penelitian ini, mengetahui hubungan antara kebudayaan dan pendidikan, Peran Landasan budaya dalam pendidikan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian Kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode library research tanpa disertai uji empiric. Hasil dari penelitian ini, antara budaya dan pendidikan terdapat hubungan yang sangat erat, kebudayaan adalah bagian dari pendidikan. Budaya dalam pendidikan bangsa merupakan inti dari suatu proses. Semakin tinggi kebudayaan makin tinggi pula pendidikan atau cara mendidiknya. Pendidikan yang terlepas dari kebudayaan akan menyebabkan alienasi dari subjek yang didik dan seterusnya kemungkinan matinya kebudayaan itu sendiri. Pendidikan yang tidak dilandasi oleh prinsip dan kaidah-kaidah budaya itu akan menyebabkan peserta didik tercabut dari akar budayanya. Maka seluruh lapisan baik orang tua, guru maupun pemerintah berperan dalam mengajarkan kebudayaan melalui pendidikan.
A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY OF LIVED EXPERIENCES OF PARENTS AT A YOUNG AGE
Authors: Gula Louie Petere 
Published: October 2022

<p>This study aims to find out the experiences encountered by the parents at a very young age considering their maturity and financial capabilities. This study highlights the form of gathering data which is conducted using an interview. This is done in a dyad form wherein only one respondent is involved in the interview. The term qualitative research refers to the collection and analysis of non-numerical data and is sometimes based on a phenomenon which could be in a form of a survey questionnaire or an interview. Based on the data and analysis; poverty is the main reason for entering a marriage. Generally, the kind of life wished by everybody to have was not merely dictated by fate, it was a manifestation of personal choice. Each individual has their own choices in what to pursue and to sacrifice, the only sure thing that a person can do is to prepare for the consequences that await in the process</p>
FRUSTRATION AND HOPE: A REVIEW OF THE RESPONSE UNDERTAKEN IN NATIONAL EDUCATION PROGRAMMES TO LOWER-THAN-EXPECTED RATES OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE ACQUISITION
Authors: Edwards Roger 
Published: October 2022

This review and discussion focused on surveys and reports regarding the rate of foreign language acquisition and attainment within national compulsory education systems, academic analyses of the results obtained, and national programmes and initiatives designed to address the shortcomings revealed in them. The proposed reasons for lower-than-expected acquisition and attainment in foreign language learning within countries including the European Union, Colombia, Vietnam and Ecuador were reviewed in detail. These reasons, and the measures undertaken as a result to remedy these flaws, were evaluated through a comparison with recent academic research relating to these factors, and through com- parison between the different experiences revealed in the surveys and reports. These comparisons found that some of the measures undertaken were fit for purpose and were likely to yield some improvements in acquisition rate, although to a lesser extent than those projected by some of the national programmes, while identifying some aspects which have been overlooked. The conclusion highlighted in which aspects of the teaching and learning of foreign languages requires greater focus is needed in order to effect the desired changes.
TASK-BASED LEARNING WORKSHEETS IN THE DEVELOPMENTOF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES
Authors: Orellana Mora Ximena 
Published: October 2022

This project proposes the use of Task-Based Learning worksheets which have been developed as a supplementary material based on the Our World through English 1 in order to improve students’ language skills by accessing multiple intelligences learners. Nineteen students in their eighth year of Basic Education at Cornelio Crespo Toral School participated in this study for fifteen months. Data is collected from a pre-test, a post-test, and a questionnaire. The results show the improvement of students’ language learning skills by 24.04%. At the end of the study, the participants developed a sense of motivation, awareness, and increased their language learning skills through the application of the Task- Based Learning worksheets. Teachers recognized the effectiveness of new strategies and techniques implemented in their classes by applying appropriate materials to improve learning skills based on dominant intelligences.
DIFFERENTIATED INSTRUCTION: PRODUCTIVE SKILLS DEVELOPMENT WITH HIGH SCHOOL AND UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: Galora Moya Nelly Patricia , Salazar Tobar Miryan Consuelo 
Published: October 2022

The Differentiated Instruction (DI) approach addresses individual learner`s needs in a mixed ability class by focusing instruction on student learning profiles. The purpose of this study was to describe the effects of the implementation of four DI strategies suggested by Herrera (2011) in order to analyze their impact on students’ productive skills within two different educational settings: the high school and university. A total of 105 students and two English teachers participated in this study. An online survey assessed learners’ perceptions of the DI strategies. The results confirmed that the 4 DI strategies implemented in both settings had a positive effect on the development of students’ writing and speaking skills. This study concluded that there is not a universal, one-size-fits-all strategy for teaching that includes all students. In-depth knowledge of students’ needs, and interests is a starting point for addressing instruction in a more effective way. Finally, the DI approach is starting to emerge in Ecuadorian EFL classrooms, and teachers are showing interest in applying the corresponding strategies as an aid to student learning.
LEARNING A LANGUAGE OF TWO ALPHABETS: PRACTICAL APROACHES IN HIRAGANA AND KATAKANA ACQUISITION FOR BEGINNER LEARNERS OF JAPANESE LANGUAGE
Authors: Saito Ryota 
Published: October 2022

The Japanese language has a 128 million speakers and has around 4 million learners in the world. In Ecuador, however, there are only six institutions offer Japanese classes to 150 learners. This small number of learners may be due in part to geographic and cultural distance, as well as the economic and political circumstances separating Ecuador and Japan. Furthermore, the uniqueness of the linguistic characteristics of Japanese is also a major factor influencing learner reluctance. One of the principal characteristics of this language is its three writing systems: hiragana, katakana and kanji. This paper outlines the linguistic characteristics of Japanese, focusing on hiragana, katakana and kanji, and sets out the difficulties which learners experience in this area. In the second part, with reference to these characteristics, the study introduces class activities to show how learners may acquire the basic characters of the writing systems as an important first step in learning Japanese, with the aim of reducing the burden on the language acquisition process. Through this research, the importance of peer-learning and collaboration between learners and teachers is highlighted as a means of facilitating approaches to the teaching and learning of Japanese.
GRAMMAR VIDEO LESSONS TO FOSTER INDEPENDENT LEARNERS IN THE ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE CLASSROOM
Authors: Lara Freire Martha , Escudero Orozco Gloria 
Published: October 2022

This research analyzes the impact of the implementation of the flipped classroom to improve the low development of cognitive skills in the stu- dents and to promote the autonomous learning in 30 English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students Level Four in the English Center at Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo through grammar video lessons. The proposal consisted of eight grammar video lessons based on the syllabus designed for this level. These videos became both: a valuable tool to foster independent learning and a strategy to flip the traditional classroom, which allowed additional time to work on practical activities in the classroom, considering that the theory was studied outside the classroom. The instruments applied in this research project are as initial survey, a satisfaction survey, a pre-test, and a post-test. The initial survey and the pre-test determined the necessity students had to consolidate their knowledge regarding grammar and apply those contents in a real life context. The post- test results revealed that there was a meaningful improvement in the level of grammar knowledge, which is demonstrated in the results analysis and interpretation. Once the study ended, the students concluded that the grammar video lessons are effective and useful to achieve independence in learning the English grammar rules. Students who were part of the intervention reached a level of autonomous learning which influenced mark- edly in the students grades as showed in the interpretation and analysis of the results. Additionally, students felt motivated because they had less “homework.” Thus, it is concluded that the grammar video lessons foster independent learning.
On self-reliant masculinities and rural returnees in ethnic China
Authors: Rautio Suvi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The shift in China's national economy from industrial manufacturing to technology and IT has placed constraints on the lives of rural-to-urban male migrant workers from the lower social strata. As the pace of out-migration in China slows, male rural returnees are harnessing self-reliant masculinities to reclaim status and heighten a sense of collective pride in and affiliation with their natal village. Centering on two ethnographic case studies of Dong ethnic minority male rural returnees in the autonomous district of Guizhou Province, the analysis in this article contributes to critique on the recent unfolding of the state-led “crisis of masculinity” to highlight the wider socioeconomic conditions that continue to deepen the inequalities and felt anxieties of male rural returnees.
Prevention of CSF leak from the spinal operation site due to either traumatic or iatrogenic injury to the Dura.
Authors: Alhemiary Hayder 
Published: October 2022

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid leak is a relatively common problem ranging from 0.5% to 18% with traumatic or incidental injury to the Dura intra-operatively1, 2. Traumatic injury mostly occurs due to mechanical trauma with subsequent thecal sac laceration mainly in the thoracolumbar region. Incidental Dural injury commonly happens in patients undergoing spinal surgery for any reason.
Objective: Introduce a maneuver to be used during operations when the patients have either traumatic or iatrogenic injury to the Dura which would prevent CSF leak post-operatively.
Method: A case series study conducted in Baghdad, medical city, between June 2014 and March 2018 on 250 patients (45 females and 205 males) who had either traumatic or iatrogenic injury to the Dura. The operative technique introduced by Perry was used as a reference1. The maneuver used in this study to manage CSF leak intra-operatively described here in this study for comparison with other articles.
Results: In this study 250 cases out of 2500 spinal surgery cases, were diagnosed intra-operatively to have Dural injury either post-traumatic or incidentally during surgery. Dural injury occurred in 70 electively operated cases either incidentally or in cases of Dural exploration for different spine pathologies, of whom 13 patients (5.2%) had spinal surgery at the same site previously.
Conclusions: Proper identification of intraoperative CSF leak is crucial for prevention of post-operative complications. CSF leakage can be prevented by applying and reinforcing all surgical field layers with watertight sutures.
Key words: CSF leak, Spine, Dura, Trauma, Iatrogenic.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy modifies thyroid function in postmenopausal but not premenopausal women with breast cancer
Authors: Ramírez-Expósito María Jesús , Carrera-González María Pilar , Martínez-Martos José Manuel 
Published: October 2022

Experimental models have described several intracellular and extracellular effects of thyroid hormones, which contribute differently to the development and progression of breast cancer. In women with breast cancer, an association between elevated levels of thyroxin (T4) has been described, regardless of their pre- or post- menopausal hormonal status.

AIM: Here we determine thyroid function in pre- and postmenopausal women with breast cancer treated or not with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCh) by assaying circulating TSH and free T4 (fT4) levels. Comparisons were made with control premenopausal women with regular menstrual periods and postmenopausal women with spontaneous menopause for at least one year.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Samples from patients treated with NCh were obtained after completion of chemotherapy treatment and in parallel to samples from patients not treated with NCh and control volunteers. TSH and fT4 levels TSH levels were measured by paramagnetic-beads based chemiluminescent immunoassay.

RESULTS: We have observed an increase in serum TSH and fT4 levels in both pre- and postmenopausal women with breast cancer treated or not with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. However, postmenopausal women treated with NCh increased to a lesser extent their levels of fT4. Nevertheless, as a whole, our results suggest an increased thyroid function in pre- and post- menopausal women with breast cancer.

CONCLUSION: The monitoring of the thyroid hormone profile takes on special relevance in women with breast cancer, as well as their hormonal status, in relation to tumor progression and the effectiveness of chemotherapy treatment.