bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tailored Approach for Persistent Olfactory Dysfunction After SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Pilot Study
Authors: Sousa Francisco Alves de , Machado André Sousa , da Costa Joana Carvalho , Silva Ana Costa , Pinto Ana Nóbrega , Coutinho Miguel Bebiano , Meireles Luís , Sousa Cecília Almeida e 
Published: July 2022

Objective: So far, no original studies explored non-randomized, standardized protocols for COVID-19 associated olfactory dysfunction. The main objective was to determine the efficacy of a new protocol for post-COVID olfactopathy while assessing the benefit of adding adjuvant therapies to olfactory training. Methods: Patients suffering from long-lasting post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction were evaluated. A non-randomized protocol based on individual nasal endoscopy findings and patient’s preferences was applied. Patients were assigned for olfactory training alone or olfactory training + adjuvant therapy. Participants performed olfactory objective and subjective evaluations at first consultation and 3 months after treatment, and results were compared. Results: A total of 47 patients were enrolled. All groups showed significant improvement in olfactory thresholds at 3-month follow-up suggesting protocol effectiveness (olfactory training group alone showed a mean threshold difference of 2.9, P < .001; Olfactory training + Topical Corticosteroid showed a mean threshold difference of 4, P = .006; Olfactory training + Topical Corticosteroid + Vitamin B complex showed a mean threshold difference of 4.4, P = .006; Olfactory training + Intranasal Vitamin A and E showed a mean threshold difference of 4.4, P < .001). Olfactory training alone showed lower mean olfactory threshold improvement, when compared to patients undergoing olfactory training + adjuvant therapy (olfactory training alone mean improvement 2.9 ± 2.3 vs olfactory training + adjuvants mean improvement 4.3 ± 2.458, P = .03). Conclusions: This is one of the first studies to demonstrate results in the treatment of post-COVID-19 persistent olfactory impairment. A customized approach based on endoscopy findings and patient’s preferences may be a valid option for the management of persistent post-COVID-19 olfactory disorder. Adjuvant therapy could be considered in addition to olfactory training, but further studies are needed in order to confirm their effectiveness in this setting. Level of evidence: 2c (outcomes research).
Risk Factors for Free Flap Outcomes: A Retrospective Study of 318 Free Flaps for Head and Neck Defect Reconstruction
Authors: Qiao Qi-hui , Yin Shou-cheng , Shi Chao , Wang Shuai , Xu Qiang , Xu Zhong-fei , Feng Cui-juan 
Published: July 2022

Objectives This study was conducted to identify the risk factors for free flap outcomes in head and neck reconstruction. Methods A retrospective review of 318 free flaps were used for head and neck reconstructions in 317 patients over seven years. The patient characteristics, surgical data, and flap outcomes were recorded. The impact of risk factors related on the outcomes of free flaps were analyzed using single and multivariate analysis. Results For single factor analysis, 295 free flaps for the first reconstruction were included. Hypertension and the type of recipient vein are associated with venous thrombosis ( P = .018, P = .047). Hypertension, type of free flap, recipient artery, and recipient vein were associated with the incidence of re-exploration ( P = .009, P = .011, P = .017, P = .021). Hypertension had an obvious effect on the flap survival ( P = .005). For multivariate analysis, hypertension (odds ratio = .166, 95% confidence interval: .043 – .636; P = .009) was a statistically significant risk factor for flap survival. For types of recipient artery and vein, selecting two venous anastomosis (one of IJVS and one of EJVS) had the minimum incidence of venous thrombosis (2.2%), and selecting facial artery, single vein (one of IJVS), and two veins (one of IJVS and one of EJVS) for anastomosis had lower incidence of re-exploration, which were 4.4%, 2.9%, and 6.0%, respectively ( P < .05). Conclusions Risk factors as hypertension, type of free flap, recipient artery and vein should be paid more attention in the free flaps for head and neck reconstructions. We believe proper measures will lead to better results in head and neck reconstruction.
Beyond Tracking: The Relationship of Opportunity to Learn and Diminished Math Outcomes for U.S. High School Students
Authors: Wronowski Meredith L. , Thornton Margaret , Razavi-Maleki Bita , Witcher Angelica W. , Duarte Bryan J. 
Published: July 2022

Background/Context: In this study, we draw on evolving definitions of opportunity to learn (OTL) to conceptualize mathematics OTL has having two main components: structural OTL, defined by gatekeeping access to specific mathematics courses through the process of tracking, and instructional OTL, defined by the learning experiences of students in their mathematics courses. We also conceptualize both of these aspects of OTL as occurring in the current educational milieu, where sociopolitical factors reward or punish specific school strategies. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study: This study seeks to examine, using an OTL framework, the relationship between high school math teachers’ instructional practices, students’ course tracks in mathematics, students’ perceptions of mathematics, and students’ distal measures of academic attainment, including completion of advanced math coursework and completion of a high school diploma. Research Design: Using latent class analysis, this secondary data analysis analyzed the 2009 High School Longitudinal Study data from the National Center for Educational Statistics to examine mathematics instructional OTL based on math teachers’ objectives of emphasis and its relationship to structural OTL in the form of course tracking. Findings/Results: We identified “Enriched” and “Rote Knowledge and Skills” latent classes of math OTL. Teachers providing Enriched OTL emphasize the widest variety of objectives, including cognitively demanding problem-solving and logic objectives and practical applications of mathematics, while teachers providing Rote Knowledge OTL emphasize basic computation, algorithms, and computation skills. Black students, Hispanic students, and students living in poverty were more likely to be in math OTL classes focused primarily on basic concepts, algorithms, and computation, with little to no emphasis in more applied and cognitively demanding math course objectives, and they were less likely to be enrolled in advanced ninth-grade math courses. Students in Rote Knowledge OTL courses with little to no emphasis in applied and cognitively demanding math course objectives had lower mathematics identity and self-efficacy, and math achievement. Conclusions/Recommendations: This study adds to the literature suggesting that students in the United States experience an opportunity gap rather than an achievement gap, and that opportunity gaps are both structural and instructional. This study also adds to the literature suggesting student sorting systems are inherently unequal and must be addressed through policy, leadership, and cultural shifts in both schools and districts.
Natality and Development in Education: A Rapprochement Between Hannah Arendt and Gert Biesta?
Authors: O’Shea Andrew 
Published: July 2022

Background/Context: Recent accounts of learning from experience in education tend to impoverish development and temporal processes as constructive categories for thinking about freedom and action. Drawing on Jacques Rancière’s critique of development, Gert Biesta’s 2010 article, “How to Exist Politically and Learn from It: Hannah Arendt and the Problem of Democratic Education,” makes the case for a mode of democratic education that excludes the concept of development. In doing so, Biesta interprets Hannah Arendt’s work as both problematic and constructive for democratic education. Purpose: This article challenges Biesta’s reading of Arendt’s concept of natality and development by focusing on what she calls the “double aspect of the child.” It questions Biesta’s deconstruction of development and attempts to show that natality and development cannot be that easily separated, especially if we are to maintain Arendt’s radical account of freedom. The purpose of the research is to reclaim Arendt’s “temporal framing” of childhood and adulthood, and to argue that development, while not unproblematic in traditional psychological accounts, is in fact a necessary condition of her concept of natality—what she calls the essence of education. Research Design: The argument in this article is developed through a critical interpretation and discussion of the works of Gert Biesta and Hannah Arendt, with a specific focus on their ideas about action and new beginnings, and the role of development for an adequate understanding of natality in education. Conclusions/Recommendations: In making my case for a more radical reading of natality in education than Biesta offers, I present an alternative, with the aid of David Archard’s work, to the standard normative account of the developmental model that Biesta attributes to Arendt when he describes her account of the “child”–“adult” relation as “too psychological.” I then appeal to Arendt’s understanding of temporality in her essay “Between Past and Future,” in which she names the “gap” in time as the juncture where freedom can occur. I attempt to show that this gap mirrors our actual human birth and our reception into a language community, in such a way that suggests how freedom and action entail a kind of “unready readiness” that is not unique to newborns. However, unlike Biesta, who acknowledges as much with respect to our insertion into the human world, I maintain that this temporal gap in time is a constitutive feature of development and, as such, of natality. I conclude by arguing that development and becoming are important concepts that should not be left solely to the discipline of psychology if we are to reduce the likelihood of developmental ism in education.
Hand-assisted laparoscopic versus laparoscopic-assisted radical gastrectomy in the treatment of advanced distal gastric cancer: final results of a single-center randomized study
Authors: Luo Guode , Xiang Qin , Wang Xiaohua , Li Yajiao , Cao Yongkuan , Gong Jiaqing , Li Yunming 
Published: July 2022

Objective To compare the results and 5- and 8-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery (HALS) and laparoscopic-assisted surgery (LAS) in radical gastrectomy for advanced distal gastric cancer. Methods A total of 124 patients admitted to our institution from May 2009 to April 2013 were randomly divided into a HALS group (n = 62) and a LAS group (n = 62). Postoperatively, 110 patients were followed for 5 and 8 years, and 14 patients were lost to follow-up. The 5- and 8-year OS and DFS rates of the groups were compared and analyzed. Results The 5- and 8-year OS rates, respectively, were 38.8% and 19.4% in the HALS group and 38.3% and 15.3% in the LAS group (log-rank test, χ2 = 0.250). The 5- and 8-year DFS rates, respectively, were 23.1% and 10.6% in the HALS group and 19.3% and 11.6% in the LAS group (log-rank test, χ2 = 0.109). No significant differences were found. Conclusion Compared with LAS, HALS radical gastrectomy for advanced distal gastric cancer had a lower conversion rate to open surgery, shorter surgical duration, and more thorough dissection of lymph nodes; 5- and 8-year OS and DFS rates were similar to those with LAS.
Quality of life and persistence of COVID-19 symptoms 90 days after hospital discharge
Authors: Muñoz-Corona Carolina , Gutiérrez-Canales Lizeth Guadalupe , Ortiz-Ledesma Claudia , Martínez-Navarro Liz Jovanna , Macías Alejandro E. , Scavo-Montes David Alejandro , Guaní-Guerra Eduardo 
Published: July 2022

Objective We aimed to describe the persistence of symptoms in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and quality of life (QoL) among patients 90 days after their discharge from the hospital for infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and to determine differences in QoL domains concerning the absence or presence of persistent symptoms. Methods To measure QoL, we used a validated Spanish version of the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Results We included 141 patients. Ninety days after discharge, COVID-19 symptoms persisted in 107 patients (75.9%), with fatigue (55.3%) and joint pain (46.8%) being the most frequent. According to the SF-36, the role-physical score was the dimension with the lowest values (median score, 25; interquartile range, 0–75). Patients with joint pain, fatigue, and dyspnea had lower scores than patients without those symptoms, with 10 of the 13 evaluated SF-36 scales showing lower levels. Conclusion Ninety days after hospital discharge from COVID-19 reference centers, most patients had persistent symptoms and had lower SF-36 scores than patients without symptoms. It is important to follow-up patients discharged from the hospital after SARS-CoV-2 infection, ideally through a post-COVID-19 health care clinic and rehabilitation program, to improve QoL in these patients.
Cross-sectional Study of Factors Associated With Suicide Ideation in Ontario Adolescents
Authors: Rakoff Jonah , Chavarria Jesus , Hamilton Hayley A. , Elton-Marshall Tara 
Published: July 2022

Objective Suicide is the second leading cause of death in Canadian adolescents. The Interpersonal Theory of Suicide attempts to explain suicide etiology and proposes that feelings of perceived burdensomeness or thwarted belongingness lead to suicide ideation, but this has not been extensively studied in adolescents. This study aimed to use the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide to examine factors that may be associated with suicide ideation in adolescents. The factors of interest were school connectedness, perceived availability of support, self-esteem, feelings of worthlessness, feelings of hopelessness, bullying and cyberbullying victimization, substance use, and social media use. Methods Data were from the 2017 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey, a survey of 7th to 12th graders enrolled in a publicly funded school in Ontario. Weighted multivariate logistic regression of suicide ideation on all exposure variables was conducted. Results 13.6% of students in the sample endorsed having suicidal ideation in the preceding 12 months. Not knowing where to turn to for support, feeling worthless, endorsing low self-esteem, being bullied, and using cannabis were each associated with greater odds of suicide ideation. Feeling hopeless, social media use, using alcohol and tobacco, and being cyberbullied were not associated with suicide ideation in the weighted multivariate logistic regression model. Conclusions This study is consistent with the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide as low self-esteem and feelings of worthlessness, two indicators of perceived burdensomeness, and not knowing where to turn to for support, an indicator of thwarted belongingness, were associated with greater odds of suicide ideation. These findings can help guide interventions aimed at reducing the burden of suicidality during adolescence and demonstrate the need to provide accessible mental health support for youth.
Efficacy and Safety of Cisatracurium Compared to Vecuronium for Neuromuscular Blockade in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Vallabh Priya , Ha Michael , Ahern Krystina 
Published: July 2022

Purpose Previous studies analyzing neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have evaluated the benefit of cisatracurium with conflicting results, and data evaluating other NMBAs remains limited. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of cisatracurium to vecuronium in ARDS. Materials and methods A single-center, retrospective, propensity matched review of patients who received cisatracurium or vecuronium continuous infusions between October 1, 2017 and June 30, 2020 for ARDS was conducted. The primary endpoint was duration of mechanical ventilation. Secondary endpoints included change in PaO2/FiO2 ratio at 48 h, intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital mortality, and ICU and hospital length of stay (LOS). Safety endpoints included newly developed myopathy, presence of bradycardia or hypotension, and newly developed barotrauma or volutrauma. Results Twenty-nine patients were included in each group. There was no statistically significant difference in the primary endpoint of ventilator days between cisatracurium and vecuronium groups (mean 15.9 vs. 20.5 days respectively; p = .2). No statistically significant differences were found in secondary endpoints of ICU mortality (51.7% vs. 51.7%) or length of stay (18.7 vs. 23.9 days, p  =  .19), hospital mortality (51.7% vs. 55.2%, p  =  .79) or length of stay (22 vs. 30.6 days, p  =  .08), or mean change in PaO2/FiO2 (29.8 vs. 36.6; p  =  .74). Statistically significant differences were not observed in safety endpoints of myopathy (37.9% vs. 37.9%), barotrauma or volutrauma (13.8% vs. 3.5%; p = .16), bradycardia (31% vs. 13.8%; p = .12), or hypotension (96.6% vs. 82.8%; p = .08) Conclusions No significant differences were seen in efficacy or safety endpoints between cisatracurium or vecuronium groups, suggesting that vecuronium may be a safe alternative agent for neuromuscular blockade in ARDS. Results of this analysis warrant confirmation in a larger, randomized study.
The Role of Servicescape on Emotions and Satisfaction of Patients in Indian Hospitals
Authors: Batra Manik , Taneja Udita 
Published: July 2022

Purpose The purpose of this study is to propose and test the causal relationship among the constructs servicescape, emotions and satisfaction among users of corporate hospital services. Design/Methodology/Approach A review of literature was done, and items were adapted construct-wise from existing scales. Data were collected from 220 respondents, and the reliability and validity of the scales were tested. The relationship among the constructs was tested using structural equation modelling. Findings The model in this study postulated that (a) servicescape is positively related to satisfaction, (b) servicescape is positively related to positive emotions and negatively related to negative emotions and (c) positive emotions are positively related to patient satisfaction and negative emotions are negatively related to satisfaction. All the hypotheses were supported, and it was confirmed that servicescape has both direct and indirect relationships with satisfaction. Originality/Value The article has direct implications for healthcare service providers. Healthcare executives are encouraged to monitor the physical environment of their healthcare units. This study shows that emotions of patients play an important role in determining their satisfaction with hospital services.
Performance of visual Inspection With Acetic Acid for Cervical Cancer Screening as Compared to Human papillomavirus Deoxyribonucleic acid Testing Among Women With HIV in Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Bogale Agajie Likie , Teklehaymanot Tilahun , Kassie Getnet Mitike , Medhin Girmay , Ali Jemal Haidar , Belay Nega Berhe 
Published: July 2022

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of visual inspection with acetic acid compared with Human papillomavirus Deoxyribonucleic acid (HPV DNA) testing among women with HIV in Ethiopia. Methods A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted to address the aforementioned objective. Data were collected from January to October 2021, to compare the performance of these two screening modalities. Trained clinicians collected cervical specimens and immediately applied acetic acid for visual inspection. The HPV DNA testing was done using Abbott m2000rt/SP by trained laboratory professionals in accredited laboratories. A total of 578 women with HIV aged 25-49 years were included. Results Test positivity was 8.9% using visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and 23.3% using HPV DNA test. The sensitivity and specificity of the VIA test were 19.2% and 95.1%, respectively. The strength of agreement between the two screening methods was poor (k = .184). The burden of genetic distribution of high risk HPV16 was 6.1%, and HPV18 was 1.1%. Other high risk HPV types (ie non-HPV 16/18 high risk HPV genotypes) were predominant in this study (18.6%). Conclusion The higher positivity result using HPV DNA testing compared with VIA, and low sensitivity of VIA are indicating that the implementation of HPV DNA testing as the primary screening strategy is likely to reduce cervical cancer cases and deaths of women in the country.
Pinnae and facial hypertrichosis induced by cetuximab
Authors: Alexandris Dimitrios , Alevizopoulos Nektarios , Palamaris Kostas , Gakiopoulou Charikleia , Theocharis Stamatios 
Published: July 2022

Introduction Anti-EGFR targeted anti-cancer treatment is associated with various skin adverse events. Cetuximab is often associated with acneiform papules and skin disorders. Hypertrichosis cited in face pinnae and eyelash trichomegaly are seldom described. Case report A 72-year-old female cancer patient presented deteriorating facial-pinnae hypertrichosis and eyelash prolongation post cetuximab infusion. Management and outcome Consecutive cetuximab administration led to exaggerating hairy skin side effects, fully alleviated when the drug was discontinued. Discussion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of an anti-EGFR-associated diffuse pinnae hypertrichosis presentation in a female patient in literature. This distinct entity can be easily diagnosed and manipulated with early drug withdrawal. An extensive review of relevant basic molecular research is provided to increase physicians’ awareness.
Do Treatments for Adult ADHD Improve Emotional Behavior? A Systematic Review and Analysis
Authors: Surman Craig B. H. , Walsh Daniel M. 
Published: July 2022

Objective: Dysregulated emotional behavior occurs often in adults with ADHD. Analysis of clinical trials may guide clinical intervention and future research. Method: Controlled trials of adult ADHD measuring emotional behavior were included if another study offered a comparable analysis of the same treatment method. Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) of effects were calculated, and the size of effects for emotional and non-emotional ADHD behavior were compared. Results: 13 out of 14 studies of methylphenidate, atomoxetine, and lisdexamfetamine demonstrated significant improvement in emotional behavior measures, with small to high SMDs. The proportional effect on emotional versus non-emotional behavior ranged from 46% to 110% for methylphenidate, 56% to 129% for atomoxetine, and 36% to 96% for lisdexamfetamine. Conclusion: Psychopharmacological treatments for ADHD are likely to improve emotional behavior, and available scales are sensitive to these effects. Studies dedicated to treatment of this domain of function can further refine clinical approaches.