bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the nomenclatural history of the sucupira‐branca trees: Friedrich Sellow's (1789–1831) collections, typification and checklist of the Neotropical legume genus Pterodon
Authors: Carvalho Catarina S. , Lima Haroldo C. , de Moraes Pedro L.R. , Cardoso Domingos B.O.S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSucupira‐branca is a popular name for the papilionoid legume tree genus Pterodon (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae), which is amply distributed across South American savannas and seasonally dry tropical forests. Pterodon has been strongly supported as monophyletic in all molecular phylogenetic analyses and stands out within the Dipterygeae clade by the pinnately compound leaves with terete rachis, symmetrical leaflets with emarginate apex, and indehiscent, one‐seeded cryptosamara fruit. Despite a growing interest in Pterodon species, mainly due to their potential as drug and timber sources, their nomenclature was never fully assessed. Here, we present a nomenclatural review of the economically and ecologically important Pterodon, where we assess all 15 names and designations ever associated with the genus and provide all known orthographic variants and type localities for the accepted names. Besides that, we propose one new species the designation of which has never been validly published, typify five names, propose one new synonym, and provide a list of all the accepted names in the genus. Also, we show that the nomenclatural history of P. emarginatus, one of the ecologically most dominant species in fire‐prone savanna vegetation, is closely related to how Friedrich Sellow (1789–1831) collected and numbered his gatherings. By elucidating the typification of this particularly important species, we shed light on how to more accurately annotate Sellow's specimens in nomenclatural revisions.
Hygrothermal effects on the nonlinear buckling of functionally graded multilayer GPL‐Fiber reinforced hybrid composite cylindrical shells
Authors: Ni Yiwen , Zhang Junlin , Sun Jiabin , Li Yongqi , Tong Zhenzhen , Zhou Zhenhuan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAn accurate nonlinear buckling analysis of functional graded multilayer GPL‐Fiber reinforced hybrid composites (FG multilayer GPL‐Fiber RHCs) cylindrical shells under hygro‐thermo‐mechanical loadings is performed. The axisymmetric pre‐buckling effect, which is usually neglected in the classical eigen‐buckling analysis, is considered to improve the accuracy of critical buckling loads. Nonlinear governing equations are derived by adopting the high‐order shear deformation theory and Novozhilov's nonlinear shell theory. Accurate critical buckling loads and explicit buckling mode shapes are obtained by the Galerkin method. Comparisons with results of existing literature are presented to validate the accuracy of present solutions. A comprehensive parametric study of key influencing parameters on the structural stability of the FG multilayer GPL‐Fiber RHCs cylindrical shell is investigated in detail. The numerical results indicate that the stability of such shell highly depends on the temperature rise and moisture absorption, and contents and distribution profiles of GPLs and fibers could be optimized to enhance the anti‐buckling performance of the shell.
Auditing Complexity
Authors: Berghout Egon , Fijneman Rob 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis chapter includes the primary issues that auditors and managers should address in order to control contemporary complex information systems, such as blockchain and artificial intelligence. These contemporary information systems often also impact an increasing number of stakeholders and regularly make autonomous and influential decisions. We conclude that system quality is primarily influenced by system design; however, independent audits remain one of the best incentives for software engineers and their managers to truly effectuate adequate control measures.
Understanding Algorithms
Authors: Oosterwijk Pieter , Pirkovski Miranda , Zielman Berrie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAlgorithms account for an ever-larger component of the central government’s operations and actions, and hence perform an ever-important role in the delivery of public services to citizens and businesses. We analysed the activities and processes for which central government and its associated organisations use algorithms, classified these into categories, and identified the risks involved in the use of algorithms. In addition, we examined how central government and its associated organisations manage the operation and control the quality of algorithms. Most of the algorithms used by central government are relatively simple. They have a limited effect on private individuals, as it is only such relatively simple algorithms that take automatic decisions. Many of these decisions involve the automation of certain administrative activities, for example the automated sending of letters confirming the receipt of a communication. We did not find any fully self-learning algorithms in central government, only learning algorithms. We urge governments to evaluate algorithms on basis of a predetermined set of criteria and present a framework for such evaluations.
Keeping Control on Deep Learning Image Recognition Algorithms
Authors: Jager Tjitske , Westhoek Eric 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this chapter a framework is presented to control machine learning applications. This framework is based on the case of a major insurance company that applied a machine learning application to supports damage reports after a major hailstorm. This hailstorm caused severe damage to greenhouses in two provinces in the Netherlands. The study concludes that the internal control framework of the Courts of Audit presented in chapter “Understanding Algorithms” provides a solid basis for risk management. Furthermore, several additional risk areas are presented.
Cultivating the Impact of Sustainable Entrepreneurship: A Discussion of Upscaling Approaches in Entrepreneurial Ecosystems
Authors: Krebs Kristin , Volkmann Christine , Grünhagen Marc 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThere is substantial knowledge about the peculiarities of founding entrepreneurial ventures in general. However, comparatively little is known so far about the characteristics of establishing sustainable ventures aiming at solving ecological or social problems in society. It is particularly uncertain how sustainable entrepreneurs could attain a successful upscaling of their venture ideas to expand their impact from a local niche at origin towards reaching broader society-wide impact. At this junction between local niche and the wider societal regime or landscape level, entrepreneurial ecosystems may play a key role in providing instrumental support for sustainable ventures. Entrepreneurial ecosystems offer initial support in the formation of new sustainable ventures but, also later, helping sustainable entrepreneurs in the upscaling of their sustainable venture ideas. In this chapter, we explore how entrepreneurial ecosystems could support the expansion of sustainable ventures and help overcome the barriers and dilemmas for successful sustainability upscaling.The conceptual chapter discusses selected issues in the upscaling of sustainable ventures in the ecosystem context alongside typical barriers and dilemmas in sustainability upscaling. The contribution attempted in this chapter is to build a bridge between the literature strand on upscaling within sustainable innovation and the discussion of supportive ecosystems in the field of entrepreneurship. For example, we address the composition of ecosystem stakeholders and the importance of keeping a shared sustainability orientation in the ecosystem while integrating diverse stakeholders who provide resources for the upscaling process. The discussion in this chapter is based on reviewing recent literature on the upscaling phenomenon in sustainable innovation as well as on entrepreneurial ecosystems and sustainable entrepreneurship. In particular, we suggest that upscaling in entrepreneurial ecosystems may be understood as an open-ended evolutionary process, with ecosystem networks and stakeholder collaboration providing stable spaces for reflexive discourse and learning.
The Value Chain Configuration in the Digital Entrepreneurship Age: The Paradoxical Role of Digital Technologies
Authors: Fernández Zulima , Rodriguez Alicia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis chapter analyzes the configuration of global value chains in the digital entrepreneurship age by clarifying past contributions, examining work resulting from the Covid-19 pandemic, and outlining suggestions for future research. First, we provide a conceptual framework to understand how digitalization has driven its transformation. Specifically, we discuss the main changes in the slicing of value chain activities, the control and location decisions of these activities, and the paradoxical role played by digital technologies in shaping the way entrepreneurs organize them. In doing this, we highlight the location paradox, which rests on the idea that digital technologies help firms expand their geographical scope and reduce co-ordination costs in large and dispersed networks (which favors offshoring), while reducing the importance of the location of activities and shortening supply chains (which favors reshoring). Second, we critically review the research on value chain configurations that has appeared because of the Covid-19 pandemic. Lastly, we discuss some promising areas of research that could yield insights that will advance our understanding of value chain configurations in the digital entrepreneurship age.
The Evolution of the Dynamic Capabilities Framework
Authors: Teece David J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe chapter sketches the past, present, and potential future of the dynamic capabilities framework. This essay is more by way of a personal reflection on the progress that has been made to date and the work remaining to be done. The dynamic capabilities framework has proved fertile ground for research and there is no evidence its momentum is slowing. In addition, I see the framework having numerous potential applications, several of which I have addressed in my own writing: (1) dynamic capabilities can serve as an overarching paradigm for teaching in business schools; (2) dynamic capabilities can potentially be built into a theory of the firm; and (3) dynamic capabilities is a policy tool for industrializing economies to help them understand the difference between accumulation and assimilation. Finally, innovation, including digital transformation, corporate entrepreneurship, and organizational behavior also contribute to the theoretical soundness of the dynamic capabilities framework.
Transforming a Highly Tactile Entrepreneurship Course “Ideas to Innovation” to an Entirely Online Delivery Model: Lessons for Theory and Practice
Authors: Vaiciukynaite Egle , Ihasz Orsolya , Portyanko Sergey , Vyakarnam Shailendra 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRecent changes in education due to COVID-19 required a shift from classroom to online delivery. This chapter illustrates how a highly complex training program, Ideas to Innovation (i2i), responded to this challenge. i2i is based on experiential learning including a variety of activities carried out both in large and small groups with the intention to raise delegates’ entrepreneurial self-efficacy. In this case study, we illustrate the process by which the program was delivered online for the first time since its existence and how the online delivery of an entrepreneurial program contributed to participants raised level of entrepreneurial intent. We took a qualitative approach by conducting structured (written) and semi-structured interviews with participants. We triangulated the data with insights and reflections of the facilitators engaged in the online delivery. The findings indicate that even when i2i is delivered online, it raised participants’ level of entrepreneurial intent. We also found that digital interaction and collaboration among participants and facilitators on various platforms promoted the development of an entrepreneurial mindset. By highlighting this change in delivery and design, we contribute to the ongoing debate of digitally supported education for entrepreneurship and provide insights to redesign entrepreneurial training programs.
Solutions of Brand Posts on Facebook to Increase Customer Engagement Using the Random Forest Prediction Model
Authors: Vaiciukynaite Egle , Zickute Ineta , Salkevicius Justas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper aims to predict customer engagement behaviour (CEB), i.e. likes, shares, comments, and emoji reactions, on company posts on Facebook. A sample of 1109 brand posts from Facebook pages in Lithuania was used. The Random Forest method was used to train models to predict customer engagement behaviour based on features including time frame, content, and media types of brand posts. The data was used for training nine binary classification models using the Random Forest method, which can predict the popularity of a company’s posts. In terms of social score, accuracy of likes, comments, and shares varied from 68.4% (likes on a post) to 84.0% (comments on a post). For emotional responses, accuracy varied from 65.6% (‘wow’ on a post) to 82.5% (‘ha ha’ on a post). The data was collected from one single media platform and country, and encompassed emotional expressions at an early stage on Facebook. The findings of Random Forest prediction models can help organisations to make more efficient solutions for brand posts on Facebook to increase customer engagement. This paper outlines the first steps in creating a predictive engagement score towards diverse types of brand posts on Facebook. The same approach to features of brand posts might be applied to other social media platforms such as Instagram and LinkedIn.
Heuristics Design
Authors: Taillard Éric D. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe last chapter of the book gives some advice on developing heuristics. It discusses the difficulty of modeling the problem and gives an example of decomposing the problem into a chain of more manageable sub-problems. Secondly, it proposes an approach for the design of a specific heuristic. Finally, some techniques for parameter tuning and comparing the efficiency of algorithms are reviewed.
Innovation und Wandel in der Mobilität des bayerischen Militärs
Authors: Kränzlein Dirk 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungIn der Frühen Neuzeit war die Mobilität der Truppen stets relativ begrenzt. Die Feldherren mussten darauf bedacht sein, die eigene Armee möglichst nah an den Versorgungs-möglichkeiten des Landes zu halten. Schließlich mussten bereits im Mittelalter manche Feldzüge auf Grund von Hungersnöten der Truppe abgebrochen werden.
Beschleunigte Kommunikation und langsamer Wandel
Authors: Kränzlein Dirk 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungVon jeher war die Geschwindigkeit der Verständigung zwischen dem Feldherrn und seiner Armee einer der wichtigsten Faktoren für die Koordination von Strategie und Taktik. Mittels schriftlicher oder mündlicher Mitteilungen konnte der Befehlshaber bei der Schlachtvorbereitung die Aufstellungen bestimmen und während des Schlachtverlaufes direkt eingreifen. Falls er nicht bei seinen Truppen verweilte, war er auf Nachrichtenüberbringer angewiesen.
Das bayerische Militär und die Adaptionen technischer Innovationen im 19. Jahrhundert
Authors: Kränzlein Dirk 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Umsetzung technischer Innovationen hing mit einem „komplexen und nicht spannungsfreien Beziehungsgeflecht“ von Militär, staatlichen Entscheidungsinstanzen, nationaler Wirtschaftskraft und dem Stand der Technologie zusammen. Aus diesem Grund sollten und konnten nicht alle Neuerungen zügig bzw. auch nachhaltig angenommen werden. Dennoch zeigten gerade außenpolitische Konflikte die Notwendigkeit auf, sich den Gegebenheiten der Zeit anzupassen.
Introduction
Authors: Farmer Jane , McCosker Anthony , Albury Kath , Aryani Amir 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe authors introduce the idea of data capability and why this is a crucial time for non-profit organisations to become skilled and resourced in data analytics. First, we explore the non-profit sector and how its role as a provider of social services in many high-income countries means it increasingly works with data. We suggest how non-profits could re-use data they already generate, along with open public data, to address their data challenges and gaps, including to evidence their social impact. Second, we explain why non-profits should aim for data capability that differs in relation to context, comparing it with data literacy and data maturity as outcomes. We propose benefits from collaborating with data and data analytics because it enables access to wider resources and more holistic solutions. We end by summarising the current relationship between citizens who are often in non-profit data as clients and customers and the lack of routine ways for non-profits to engage citizens in data work. We highlight this space of working with citizens as one where experiments and new ideas are forming. We suggest non-profits need to invest in skilling-up and resourcing within their organisations, so they are competent to work with citizens and data.
Search for sub-eV axion-like particles in a stimulated resonant photon-photon collider with two laser beams based on a novel method to discriminate pressure-independent components
Authors:   The SAPPHIRES collaboration, Kirita Yuri , Hasada Takumi , Hashida Masaki , Hirahara Yusuke , Homma Kensuke , Inoue Shunsuke , Ishibashi Fumiya , Nakamiya Yoshihide , Neagu Liviu , Nobuhiro Akihide , Ozaki Takaya , Rosu Madalin-Mihai , Sakabe Shuji , Tesileanu Ovidiu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Sub-eV axion-like particles (ALPs) have been searched for by focusing two-color near-infrared pulse lasers into a vacuum along a common optical axis. Within the focused quasi-parallel collision system created by combining a creation field (2.5 mJ/47 fs Ti:Sapphire laser) and a background inducing field (1.5 mJ/9 ns Nd:YAG laser), the detection of signal photons via stimulated resonant photon-photon scattering by exchanging ALPs was attempted in a vacuum chamber. The signal wavelength can be determined via energy-momentum conservation in the vacuum, and it coincides with that determined from the atomic four-wave-mixing (aFWM) process. In this work, the pulse energies were one order of magnitude higher than those in the previous search, allowing aFWM from optical elements to be observed as a pressure-independent background for the first time, in addition to the residual-gas-originating aFWM following a quadratic pressure dependence. In principle the four-wave-mixing process in vacuum via ALP exchanges (vFWM) must also be pressure-independent, so the development of a new method for discriminating the optical-element aFWM is indispensable for increasing the pulse energies to the values needed for future upgraded searches. In this paper, we will present the established method for quantifying the yield from the optical-element aFWM process based on the beam cross- section dependence. With the new method, the number of signal photons was found to be consistent with zero. We then successfully obtained a new exclusion region in the relation between ALP-photon coupling, g/M, and the ALP mass m, reaching the most sensitive point g/M = 1.14 × 10−5 GeV−1 at m = 0.18 eV.
Yukawa interactions at large charge
Authors: Antipin Oleg , Bersini Jahmall , Panopoulos Pantelis 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe extend the fixed-charge semiclassical method by computing anomalous dimensions of fixed-charge scalar operators in models with Yukawa interactions. In particular, we discuss the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio-Yukawa theory as well as an asymptotically safe gauge-Yukawa model in four dimensions. In the weakly coupled regime, we cross-check our results to the respective maximum known orders of perturbation theory in these models and predict higher order terms for future comparisons with other computational methods. In the strongly coupled regime, we match our results to the predictions of the large-charge effective field theory which can be compared to future Monte Carlo and lattice studies.
Dijet photoproduction at low x at next-to-leading order and its back-to-back limit
Authors: Taels Pieter , Altinoluk Tolga , Beuf Guillaume , Marquet Cyrille 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We compute the cross section for the inclusive photoproduction of a pair of jets at next-to-leading order accuracy in the Color Glass Condensate (CGC) effective theory. The aim is to study the back-to-back limit, to investigate whether transverse momentum dependent (TMD) factorization can be recovered at this perturbative order. In particular, we focus on large Sudakov double logarithms, which are dominant terms in the TMD evolution kernel. Interestingly, the kinematical improvement of the low-x resummation scheme turns out to play a crucial role in our analysis.
Relations Between the Bernstein Polynomials and q-monotone Functions
Authors: Abel Ulrich , Leviatan Dany , Raşa Ioan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe show that certain inequalities involving differences of the Bernstein basis polynomials and values of a function $$f\in C[0,1]$$

f
∈
C
[
0
,
1
]

, imply that the function is q-monotone. In view of previous results of the authors (see the list of references), the current results provide, among others, a characterization of q-monotone functions in C[0, 1].
Nonparametric upscaling of bark beetle infestations and management from plot to landscape level by combining individual-based with Markov chain models
Authors: Pietzsch Bruno Walter , Wudel Chris , Berger Uta 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLinked to climate change, drivers such as increased temperatures and decreased water availability affect forest health in complex ways by simultaneously weakening tree vitality and promoting insect pest activity. One major beneficiary of climate-induced changes is the European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus). To improve the mechanistic understanding of climate change impacts on long-term beetle infestation risks, individual-based simulation models (IBM) such as the bark beetle dispersion model IPS-SPREADS have been proven as effective tools. However, the computational costs of IBMs limit their spatial scale of application. While these tools are best suitable to simulate bark beetle dynamics on the plot level, upscaling the process to larger areas is challenging. The larger spatial scale is, nevertheless, often required to support the selection of adequate management intervention. Here, we introduce a novel two-step approach to address this challenge: (1) we use the IPS-SPREADS model to simulate the bark beetle dispersal at a local scale by dividing the research area into 250 × 250 m grid cells; and (2) we then apply a metamodel framework to upscale the results to the landscape level. The metamodel is based on Markov chains derived from the infestation probabilities of IPS-SPREADS results and extended by considering neighbor interaction and spruce dieback of each focal cell. We validated the metamodel by comparing its predictions with infestations observed in 2017 and 2018 in the Saxon Switzerland national park, Germany, and tested sanitation felling as a measure to prevent potential further outbreaks in the region. Validation showed an improvement in predictions by introducing the model extension of beetle spreading from one cell to another. The metamodel forecasts indicated an increase in the risk of infestation for adjacent forest areas. In case of a beetle mass outbreak, sanitation felling intensities of 80 percent and above seem to mitigate further outbreak progression.