bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A personal reflection of risking and protecting lives during the third wave of the coronavirus pandemic
Authors: Manzoor Humera 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, I engage with my personal experiences and reflections regarding my fear of exposure to coronavirus in a collective and physically demonstrative society. I reflect on my ongoing struggle of coping with social and cultural pressures, for example, the avoidance of ‘touch’ that demonstrates care and affection irrespective of whether someone is ill with the virus. Developed during the third wave of the pandemic, this paper reveals the ambivalence and the emotional challenges involved therein as I tried to (re)negotiate social interactions. It reflects the resistance and denial of the people that coronavirus even exists as they tried to justify their illness by linking it with other known diseases. Hence, the majority disapproved of social distancing to avoid stigmatization and being distanced from others. I believe that expressions of ‘care’ and ‘affection’ requires reconsideration in such circumstances as an act of care itself to protect lives.
VACCINE HESITANCY, PASSPORTS, AND THE DEMAND FOR VACCINATION
Authors: Gans Joshua S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractVaccine hesitancy is modeled as an endogenous decision within a behavioral epidemiological model with endogenous agent activity. It is shown that policy interventions that directly target costs associated with vaccine adoption may counter vaccine hesitancy whereas those that manipulate the utility of unvaccinated agents will either lead to the same or lower rates of vaccine adoption. This latter effect arises with vaccine passports whose effects are mitigated in equilibrium by reductions in viral/disease prevalence that themselves reduce the demand for vaccination.
Masstige scale: An alternative to measure brand equity
Authors: Alagarsamy Subburaj , Mehrolia Sangeeta , Paul Justin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMasstige marketing is a strategic word for market penetration for premium but reachable products based on brand equity, trying to develop brand awareness, likability, affection and attachment. Hence, masstige scale may allow firms to measure brand equity to derive insights into the popularity of their brands. However, there is no empirical evidence available to test whether these scales are related measures of brand equity and, at the same time, independent measures, respectively. This study investigates whether the masstige scale and multidimensional consumer‐based brand equity scale measure the same constructs. A total of 493 participants evaluated four different athletic shoe brands. The multi‐trait, multimethod and confirmatory factor analyses suggested that the masstige scale may be a viable alternative to consumer‐based brand equity and masstige value. We discuss the implications and provide directions for future research derived from our findings.
The effects of B‐cell–activating factor on the population size, maturation and function of murine natural killer cells
Authors: Quah Pin Shie , Sutton Vivien , Whitlock Eden , Figgett William A , Andrews Daniel M , Fairfax Kirsten A , Mackay Fabienne 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe role of B‐cell–activating factor (BAFF) in B‐lymphocyte biology has been comprehensively studied, but its contributions to innate immunity remain unclear. Natural killer (NK) cells form the first line of defense against viruses and tumors, and have been shown to be defective in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The link between BAFF and NK cells in the development and progression of SLE remains unstudied. By assessing NK cell numbers in wild‐type (WT), BAFF−/− (BAFF deficient), BAFF‐R−/− (BAFF receptor deficient), TACI−/− (transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor deficient), BCMA−/− (B‐cell maturation antigen deficient) and BAFF transgenic (Tg) mice, we observed that BAFF signaling through BAFF‐R was essential for sustaining NK cell numbers in the spleen. However, according to the cell surface expression of CD27 and CD11b on NK cells, we found that BAFF was dispensable for NK cell maturation. Ex vivo and in vivo models showed that NK cells from BAFF−/− and BAFF Tg mice produced interferon‐γ and killed tumor cells at a level similar to that in WT mice. Finally, we established that NK cells do not express receptors that interact with BAFF in the steady state or in the BAFF Tg mouse model of SLE. Our findings demonstrate that BAFF has an indirect effect on NK cell homeostasis and no effect on NK cell function.
T‐lymphocyte subtyping: an early warning and a potential prognostic indicator of active cytomegalovirus infection in patients with sepsis
Authors: Bai Guangxu , Cui Na , Wang Hao , Cheng Wei , Han Wen , Chen Jianwei , Guo Ye , Wang Fei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is very common in patients suffering from sepsis and may cause poor prognosis. To explore the relationship between immune status of patients with sepsis and CMV infection, we assessed T lymphocyte subtyping and other commonly used clinical parameters in patients with sepsis upon admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and evaluated their potential impact on diagnosis and outcomes of active CMV infection. In our study, 82 of 599 patients with sepsis were diagnosed with active CMV infection. The 28‐day mortality was higher in active CMV–infected than nonactive CMV–infected patients (20.7% versus 9.9%); 51of 82 active CMV–infected patients with sepsis were assessed to have CMV‐DNA–negative conversion, while 31 were persistently positive for CMV DNA. Higher CD8+CD28+ T‐cell counts at presentation were associated with CMV‐DNA–negative conversion and lower 28‐day mortality. The CMV‐DNA–negative conversion and 28‐day mortality of active CMV–infected patients with sepsis could be predicted using cutoff values of 151 (74.5% sensitivity and 87.1% specificity) and 64.5 (52.9% sensitivity and 92.3% specificity) CD8+CD28+ T cells mL−1 at ICU admission, respectively. Higher CD8+CD28+ T‐cell count was significantly associated with active CMV infection, higher CMV‐DNA–negative conversion and lower 28‐day mortality, which may be a potential marker for early warning of active CMV infection and outcome prediction.
When does analyst reputation matter? Evidence from analysts’ reliance on management guidance
Authors: Chen Wei , Dai Lili , Tan Hun‐Tong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe investigate the joint effects of analyst reputation, uncertainty and guidance news valence on analysts’ reliance on management guidance. We find that, compared to less reputable analysts, reputable analysts rely less on guidance when they issue earnings forecasts. This analyst reputation effect is stronger when earnings and information uncertainty are higher or when the guidance contains good news. Further analysis suggests that both reputable and less reputable analysts sacrifice their forecast accuracy when they rely less on guidance; however, reputable analysts are compensated to a greater extent by the increased informativeness of their forecasts. Finally, we find that analysts’ future career advancement is enhanced when their reliance is low.
Which is better for durable goods producers, exclusive or open supply chain?
Authors: Kitamura Hiroshi , Matsushima Noriaki , Sato Misato 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe explore the supply chain problem of a downstream durable goods monopolist, who chooses one of the following trading modes: an exclusive supply chain with an incumbent supplier or an open supply chain, allowing the monopolist to trade with a new efficient entrant in the future. The expected retail price reduction in the future dampens the profitability of the original firms. An efficient entrant's entry magnifies such a price reduction, causing a further reduction of original firms' joint profits. In equilibrium, the downstream monopolist chooses the exclusive supply chain to escape further price reductions, although it expects efficient entry.
Cowpea NAC1/NAC2 transcription factors improve growth and tolerance to drought and heat in transgenic cowpea through combined activation of photosynthetic and antioxidant mechanisms
Authors: Srivastava Richa , Kobayashi Yuriko , Koyama Hiroyuki , Sahoo Lingaraj 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTNAC (NAM/ATAF1/2/CUC2) transcription factors are central switches of growth and stress responses in plants. However, unpredictable interspecies conservation of function and regulatory targets makes the well‐studied NAC orthologs inapt for pulse engineering. The knowledge of suitable NAC candidates in hardy pulses like cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is still in infancy, hence warrants immediate biotechnological intervention. Here, we showed that overexpression of two native NAC genes (VuNAC1 and VuNAC2) promoted germinative, vegetative, and reproductive growth and conferred multiple abiotic stress tolerance in a commercial cowpea variety. The transgenic lines displayed increased leaf area, thicker stem, nodule‐rich denser root system, early flowering, higher pod production (∼3.2‐fold and ∼2.1‐fold), and greater seed weight (10.3% and 6.0%). In contrast, transient suppression of VuNAC1/2 caused severe growth retardation and flower inhibition. The overexpressor lines showed remarkable tolerance to major yield‐declining terminal stresses, such as drought, salinity, heat, and cold, and recovered growth and seed production by boosting photosynthetic activity, water use efficiency, membrane integrity, Na+/K+ homeostasis, and antioxidant activity. The comparative transcriptome study indicated consolidated activation of genes involved in chloroplast development, photosynthetic complexes, cell division and expansion, cell wall biogenesis, nutrient uptake and metabolism, stress response, abscisic acid, and auxin signaling. Unlike their orthologs, VuNAC1/2 direct synergistic transcriptional tuning of stress and developmental signaling to avoid unwanted trade‐offs. Their overexpression governs the favorable interplay of photosynthesis and reactive oxygen species regulation to improve stress recovery, nutritional sufficiency, biomass, and production. This unconventional balance of strong stress tolerance and agronomic quality is useful for translational crop research and molecular breeding of pulses.
The COVID‐19 pandemic and its impact on esthetic dermatology
Authors: Aryanian Zeinab , Ehsani Amirhooshang , Razavi Zahra , Hamzelou Shahin , Mohseni Afshar Zeinab , Hatami Parvaneh 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn general, the world population interest has increased for maintaining youthfulness and having better appearance since this leads to a better mental wellbeing and self‐estimate. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has revolutionized every field of medicine. As every specialty has been affected by limitations caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), this branch of medicine has also needed certain precautions for safer practice in the COVID era. With the global vaccination program against COVID‐19, reports of some cutaneous reactions in patients have been undergone various esthetic procedures including filler or botox injection would be increasingly demonstrated. Although the end of pandemic was announced, the necessity of continuing COVID vaccination in future mandates gathering data regarding safety of vaccines. Herein, we presented a comprehensive review on various aspects of association between esthetic medicine or cosmetic dermatology and COVID‐19.
Legal heritage and urban slums
Authors: Fredriksson Per G. , Gupta Satyendra Kumar , Zhao Weihua , Wollscheid Jim R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper studies the effect of legal origins (common law vs. civil law) on contemporary slum formation in developing countries. First, we provide a cross‐country correlation analysis. Second, we provide a regression discontinuity analysis using household data from Cameroon. The results suggest that a common law heritage is associated with a lower probability of slum conditions. The legal philosophies transplanted through colonization appear to be associated with the pattern of contemporary urban housing stocks in developing countries.
Institutional Violations, Costs and Attitudes
Authors: Zachník Vojtěch 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe paper proposes an alternative approach to the ontology of social institutions by systematizing various normative institutional influences and identifying processes that distinguish between conforming and violating behaviour. The prevailing – cost‐based model – suggests that an agent's conformity to a specific institutional rule can be represented by a single measure – cost. The model is limited in its explanatory potential since it accounts for varieties of institutional behaviour in terms of single parametrical changes in the agents' utilities. The central argument shows that normative attitudes represent a distinctive normative structure capable of explaining crucial aspects of institutional behaviour. These attitudinal aspects provide the structure necessary for understanding institutional normativity and its violations.
Forging a coherent copyright jurisprudence in Trinidad and Tobago
Authors: Koo Justin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe development of intellectual property jurisprudence in Trinidad and Tobago has been slow despite the existence of a robust statutory framework. In the context of copyright law, there has been limited litigation, which has left most areas of copyright law undefined and uncertain. Recent case law on the right of reproduction and moral rights has revealed the problems with the law being untested and uncertain. This included the use of conflicting precedent in similar legal scenarios and a general lack of appreciation for the nuances of copyright law and resultantly a lack of desire to develop a coherent framework for copyright law. Trinidad and Tobago has the opportunity to forge a coherent copyright framework that will reflect its individual needs. However, to do this, policy‐driven decisions must be made that account for the specific intricacies of the copyright environment and the norms present in Trinidad and Tobago. As such, this article analyses the issues with the existing copyright framework in Trinidad and Tobago and provides guidance as to what can be done to assist its development. Furthermore, the article identifies a number of lessons that will be useful for Commonwealth countries with underdeveloped copyright frameworks.
Transnational capital and national legal regimes: Analysis of Internet domain name disputes in India
Authors: Wang Ryan Y. , Min Bumgi , Bai Yang , Grzeslo Jenna , Jayakar Krishna 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the outcomes of Internet domain name dispute arbitrations in India through a quantitative analysis of all domain name arbitrations (N = 1147) involving the Indian country code top‐level domain from 2006 to 2019. Specifically, we investigate whether the nationalities and corporate/individual identities of the complainants and respondents affect the outcome of the arbitrations. The most common type of dispute during this period is an international entity petitioning against another international entity (46%). In sum, the domain name arbitrations under INDRP are dominated by international and organizational complainants, but there is more variation among respondents' profiles in terms of nationality and identity. Our analysis suggests that the INDRP process, in the 14 years examined, tends to generate outcomes that favor corporations. Although the complainants almost always won, corporate respondents, compared to their individual counterparts, are more likely to retain the disputed domain names. Also, cases, where a respondent contested a complaint, had a higher probability of rulings in favor of respondents, compared to cases where the respondent filed no response.
Finite Element Analysis of Elbow Joint Stability by Different Flexion Angles of the Annular Ligament
Authors: Xu Guangming , Chen Wenzhao , Yang Zhengzhong , Yang Jiyong , Liang Ziyang , Li Wei 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThe injury of the annular ligament can change the stress distribution and affect the stability of the elbow joint, but its biomechanical mechanism is unclear. The present study investigated the biomechanical effects of different flexion angles of the annular ligament on elbow joint stability.MethodsA cartilage and ligament model was constructed using SolidWorks software according to the magnetic resonance imaging results to simulate the annular ligament during normal, loosened, and ruptured conditions at different buckling angles (0°, 30°, 60°, 90°, and 120°). The fixed muscle strengths were 40 N (F1), 20 N (F2), 20 N (F3), 20 N (F4), and 20 N (F5) for the triceps, biceps, and brachial tendons and the base of the medial collateral ligament and lateral collateral ligament. The different elbow three‐dimensional (3D) finite element models were imported into ABAQUS software to calculate and analyze the load, contact area, contact stress, and stress of the medial collateral ligament of the olecranon cartilage.ResultsThe results showed that the stress value of olecranon cartilage increased under different conditions (normal, loosened, and ruptured annular ligament) with elbow extension, and the maximum stress value of olecranon cartilage was 2.91 ± 0.24 MPa when the annular ligament was ruptured. The maximum contact area of olecranon cartilage was 254  mm2 with normal annular ligament when the elbow joint was flexed to 30°, while the maximum contact area of loosened and ruptured annular ligament was 283 and 312 mm2 at 60° of elbow flexion, and then decreased gradually. The maximum stress of the medial collateral ligament was 6.52 ± 0.23, 11.51 ± 0.78, and 18.74 ± 0.94 MPa under the different conditions, respectively.ConclusionWhen the annular ligament ruptures, it should be reconstructed as much as possible to avoid the elevation of stress on the surface of the medial collateral ligament of the elbow and the annular cartilage, which may cause clinical symptoms.
The AI‐IP: Minimizing the guesswork of personality scale item development through artificial intelligence
Authors: Hernandez Ivan , Nie Weiwen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe propose a framework for integrating various modern natural language processing (NLP) models to assist researchers with developing valid psychological scales. Transformer‐based deep neural networks offer state‐of‐the‐art performance on various natural language tasks. This project adapts the transformer model GPT‐2 to learn the structure of personality items, and generate the largest openly available pool of personality items, consisting of one million new items. We then use that artificial intelligence‐based item pool (AI‐IP) to provide a subset of potential scale items for measuring a desired construct. To better recommend construct‐related items, we train a paired neural network‐based classification BERT model to predict the observed correlation between personality items using only their text. We also demonstrate how zero‐shot models can help balance desired content domains within the scale. In combination with the AI‐IP, these models narrow the large item pool to items most correlated with a set of initial items. We demonstrate the ability of this multimodel framework to develop longer cohesive scales from a small set of construct‐relevant items. We found reliability, validity, and fit equivalent for AI‐assisted scales compared to scales developed and optimized by traditional methods. By leveraging neural networks’ ability to generate text relevant to a given topic and infer semantic similarity, this project demonstrates how to support creative and open‐ended elements of the scale development process to increase the likelihood of one's initial scale being valid, and minimize the need to modify and revalidate the scale.
Identification and distribution of fungal pathogens associated with seedling blight of rice in the southern United States
Authors: Gaire Shankar P. , Zhou Xin‐Gen , Zhou Yong , Shi Jun , Jo Young‐Ki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSurveys were conducted in the five southern rice‐producing states of Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri and Texas in the United States during the 2018 and 2019 cropping seasons to determine the distribution and pathogenicity of fungal pathogens associated with seedling blight in rice. A total of 349 pathogenic fungal isolates were collected and identified as belonging to four genera: Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium spp., Sclerotium rolfsii and Marasmius graminum based on morphological characteristics, molecular analysis and Koch's postulates. R. solani (252 out of 349 pathogenic isolates) was the most prevalent fungus isolated from diseased samples. Of the 252 pathogenic R. solani isolates, 245 were further classified as anastomosis group 11 (AG‐11) and 7 as AG‐4. Isolates of R. solani AG‐4 and M. graminum were the most aggressive, with the highest stand loss (63% to 100%) and median disease rating (DR; 5.0), followed by isolates of R. solani AG‐11 (stand loss = 4% to 100% and DR = 0.6 to 5.0), Fusarium spp. (stand loss = 26% to 48% and DR = 2.0 to 5.0) and S. rolfsii (stand loss = 33% to 48% and DR = 2.0 to 3.0) in causing seedling blight in rice. R. solani (62% to 83% of total pathogenic isolates) and Fusarium spp. (10% to 24% of total pathogenic isolates) were predominant in all the five states surveyed. S. rolfsii and M. graminum were present only in Louisiana and Texas. The results of this first systematic survey of rice seedling diseases in the southern United States will help develop effective fungicide seed treatment strategies for control of stand loss caused by seedling blight, one of the major factors limiting rice production.
Taking perspective of the stories we tell about transgender rights: The narrative policy framework
Authors: Flores Andrew , Boden Daniel , Haider‐Markel Donald , Lewis Daniel , Miller Patrick , Taylor Jami 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOur project uses the narrative policy framework (NPF) to explore narrative effects on attitudes about transgender rights. The framework focuses on the stories that are told about public policy. As opposed to conceptualizing communications as informational, NPF suggests that getting lost in the story is primary for attitude change. We also incorporate a perspective taking exercise to examine its effects on individual attitudes. Using an experiment on 1784 American adults, we found that individuals who received the inclusive transgender policy narrative by either watching or reading the narrative held views more supportive of transgender rights, with the effect greater for watching than reading. Those who experienced greater narrative transportation, being more lost in the story, reported more supportive attitudes. We further find that those with traits that lead them to become more imaginatively involved in stories occasionally are more greatly affected by watching policy narratives than those who are less imaginatively involved. However, perspective taking did not influence attitudes and weakened the treatment effects of the narratives. Our findings suggest stories can affect policy attitudes and beliefs, which may be conceptually distinct from traditional framing‐based accounts and implies distinctive causal mechanisms that result in attitude change.