bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Unio shells in the Quaternary deposits, southern Iraq
Authors: Al-Jaberi Mohanad Hamid , Al-Saad Harith A. , Hussain Ghazi A. , Lafta Hiba Khalid 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Shells are useful in evolutionary biology and paleobiology. Freshwater shells compose the main types of mollusks, and can use as a key for ecological variations. Shell samples in the present study were collected on the highway of Nasyriah city-Samawa city, southern Iraq. The study area contains a large accumulation of shells at 6-7m depths, especially at 7m depth. The main types of these shells are Unio, Corbicula, and Melanoides tuberculata. Unio was the most species common in the study area. Unio species were used to detect the paleoenvironment in Quaternary deposits, in southern Iraq. Calcite and aragonite are the common minerals in the Unio shells. According to the distribution and percentage of calcite and aragonite in the Unio shells, it was found the calcite at 6m is more than 7m, whereas the aragonite at 7m is highest compared to 6m. Under X-Ray Fluorescence analyzers, found that calcium oxide, silica, magnesium oxide, and phosphor oxide are the major oxides in the Unio shells, while Zn, Sr, Pb, and Rb are the main trace elements. Strontium (Sr) has a high concentration in the Unio shells at 7m than 6m, while magnesium (Mg) is found in a high concentration at 6m than 7m. According to trace and some of the major elements concentrations, the paleotemperature, paleosalinity, and water contamination of rivers at 6m are more than 7m, and the river water at 7m depth was fresh water with a high abundance of nutrients and climate was suitable to growth mollusks shells like Unio shells.
Management of inorganic nitrogen compounds in a closed aquaculture system during imitation for nursery of Litopenaeus vannamei under brackish condition
Authors: Huang Haihong , Li Chaoyun , Lei Yanju , Yang Pinhong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
It was aimed to estimate the efficiency of management of inorganic nitrogen compounds under a closed system condition, via addition of carbon source. For this purpose, an imitation experiment for nursery of Litopeanaeus vannamei postlarvae under a brackish condition was conducted, in two closed systems with a salinity of about 18‰: systems with (CS) and without (control) addition of carbon source (molasses) at a carbon to nitrogen ratio (C:N) of 20:1. The levels of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN, 1.39±0.14 mg L−1), nitrite (0.023±0.003 mg L−1) and nitrate (0.49±0.06 mg L−1) in CS system were significantly lower than those in the control system (6.92±0.60, 0.809±0.050 and 2.39±0.47 mg L−1, P < 0.05). The results indicated that carbon source addition to the closed system imitating nursery of L. vannamei postlarvae under a brackish condition well managed the level of inorganic nitrogen compounds during experiment, making it possible to environment-friendly culture L. vannamei at inland areas under a closed condition.
A comparative study of evaluating the ability on Eichhornia crassipes and Enydra fluctuans to remove heavy metals in water in Vietnam
Authors: An Huynh The , Yi-Ching Chen , Ngoc Bich Tran Thi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Aquatic plants have high effectiveness in removing organic and inorganic contaminants, and heavy metals. Eichhornia crassipes and Enydra fluctuans are both popular plants in Vietnam, with fast growth and no need to take care of because these two plants easily live in the natural environment. The focus of this study was on the utilization of Eichhornia crassipes and Enydra fluctuans to treat heavy metals in water. The research was conducted on healthy, young plants from the natural environment. Selection of qualifying plants that match the criteria, such as the absence of pests and the roots were not too old. Concentrations of 0.5 mg/L Cd, 0.5 mg/L As, 2 mg/L Pb, 5 mg/L Zn, and 5 mg/L Cu were placed in five separate pots, each containing 100 g of Eichhornia crassipes. Same as above with 100g of Enydra fluctuans in each pot. After 30 days, for all heavy metals (Cd, As, Pb, Zn, and Cu), the cleaning rates of the Eichhornia crassipes ranged from from 59.4–92.5%. The cleaning rate of Enydra fluctuans for all heavy metals ranging from 40.5 – 83.4%. Besides, Plants still grow and develop well in environments with heavy metal pollution. Based on this information, it can be inferred that Eichhornia crassipes and Enydra fluctuans are aquatic plants with a high potential to remove heavy metals in water and improve the ecological environment.
Analysis of electric energy substitution potential and research on calculation method of carbon reduction under “carbon neutrality” background
Authors: Tang Wei , Liu Zhilin , Tan Qingkun , Zhang Yu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Electric energy substitution is an important means to accelerate energy low-carbon transformation, promote sustainable socio-economic development, and achieve the goal of “carbon peak, carbon neutrality”. Firstly, this paper systematically and comprehensively combs the development status of electric energy substitution, and analyzes the outstanding problems existing in the actual work. Secondly, it analyzes the potential space of electric energy substitution, focusing on the impact of “carbon neutrality” on the development of electric energy substitution, and predicts the development trend of electric energy substitution potential. Thirdly, the calculation method for carbon reduction by electric energy substitution is proposed, and the important contribution of electric energy substitution in the implementation of the “carbon peak and carbon neutral” goal is further quantified. Finally, in order to ensure the sustainable development of electric energy substitution, relevant suggestions such as improving the market mechanism are suggested. The viewpoints and conclusions obtained from the analysis can provide theoretical support for the provinces to carry out the “carbon peak” action.
Industrial applications of the composite process “biodegradation+ activated carbon adsorption” in neutralizing the waste gas emissions
Authors: Jing Guolin , Cheng Xin , Wang Zhongqing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In order to absorb and degrade odor gas and volatile organic compounds from sewage plant of refineries, waste gas was treated by the technology of compound “biodegradation and activated carbon adsorption”. Through industrialization and production calibration, emission concentration of pollutants met the GB31571-2015 and GB14554-93, and statistics suggested the cost of utilities was 57.6 yuan per 10000m3, and fixed cost within reasonable boundaries. Therefore, this compounded technology can treat the waste gas from sewage plant of refineries.
Arboreal forests growth carbon sink and assessment of carbon storage in China’s Henan Province
Authors: Liu Bingtao , Shi Yu , Mei Naxin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Henan province is located in central China and the assessment of its arboreal forests’ carbon sink and carbon storage is important to the sustainable use of forest resources. This study used 2018 forest inventory data to estimate forest biomass and carbon storage. The results showed that: (1) By origin, the carbon storage of natural forest is lower than that of artificial forest. (2) By type, Populus L. accounted for the highest proportion, and together with the carbon storage of Mixed broadleaf and Quercus spp. accounted for 80%. The carbon density of Populus L. is the highest, and that of Cupressus funebris is the lowest. (3) By region, the carbon storage of arboreal forest in Western and southern Henan is the highest, and that in Southeast is the lowest. (4) The carbon storage of the arboreal forest has increased to 8.891 million tons which is equivalent to 32.60 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent. This paper’s evaluation of carbon storage is a valuable reference to forest ecosystems in mitigating global climate change.
Study on purification performance of nitrogen and phosphorus in landscape water by enhanced combined ecological floating bed
Authors: Zhao Minjuan , Duan Yu , Zhang Huan , Liu Shanshan , Li Yuji , Xiao Lin , Zhao Youyi , Zhang Hao , Gao Tianpeng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Taking Hornwort, Hydrilla verticillata, Iris, Calamus and Loosestrife as the research objects, under the static water condition of a university landscape lake in Xi’an, the combined ecological floating bed composite system of emergent plant submerged plant matrix microorganism enhancement was constructed to carry out the simulated hydroponic experiment for the investigation of the absorption to nitrogen and phosphorus in the water and the purification ability of the ecological floating bed composite system. The results showed that: (1) The best group of combined plants in the landscape lake water was calamus + Hydrilla verticillata, and their removal rate on Total nitrogen, Total phosphorus, Chemical oxygen demand, and ammonia nitrogen are 92.72%, 81.26%, 68.55%, 93.69% respectively. (2) Under the composite floating bed matrix system, the optimal substrate group and ratio are ceramsite and vermiculite (1:1), and their removal rates on Total nitrogen, Total phosphorus, Chemical oxygen demand, and ammonia nitrogen are 61.68%, 86.96%, 79.65%, and 78.12% respectively. (3) The best residence time of AM bacteria in the enhanced combination floating bed was 25 days, and the removal efficiency of total nitrogen and total phosphorus was 67.31% and 93.20% respectively.
Research of chlorophyll-a concentration inversion at different depths in Hong Kong offshore waters based on gaussian process regression
Authors: Zhang Jie , He Hongchang , Fan Donglin , Fu Bolin , Wang Shiwen , Dong Shundan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
By inverting the changes in chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentration values, seawater’s pollution level and phytoplankton’s growth can be effectively assessed. In this paper, based on Sentinel-3 OLCI remote sensing image data and actual measured chl-a concentration data, the Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) model was used to invert the surface chl-a concentration in Hong Kong waters in 2018, and the average R2 of GPR model inversion was 0.68. The results show a clear vertical decreasing variation feature based on the GPR model to invert the chl-a concentrations in the surface, middle, and bottom layers of Hong Kong waters month by month in 2018.
Geoinformation representation of maritime knowledge flows: new frontiers of coastalization
Authors: Mikhaylova A. , Maksimenko D. , Hvaley D. , Maksimenko M. , Mikhaylov A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Marine and coastal economies are the drivers of growth for many nations around the world. Close proximity to the sea generates positive externalities being especially strong in coastal areas, whose effective governance is a challenge. The greatest challenge to date is ambiguity in delimitation of a coastal zone, as static criteria based on density of population and industry, are limited in our understanding of the functional connectivity of the sea and land. This article studies functional boundaries of a coastal zone by focusing on the geoinformation analysis of marine-related R&D. We hypothesize that maritime knowledge flows between the customers and contractors of R&D projects can outline the actual configuration of coastal zone in its knowledge production domain. The research data is sourced from ROSRID database of 2017-2019, covering 1,773 marine-related R&D projects funded or executed by entities located across 119 municipalities of 64 regions in Russia. The results of the study showed that maritime knowledge flows are not limited to coastal municipalities or even coastal regions. Some research areas, such as Fisheries, aquaculture and marine life studies, are more localized in coastal zones than others, although featuring an overall strong interconnectedness between inland and coastal territories. Functional delimitation of coastal zone management areas using dynamic data on spatial networks can enhance the effectiveness of coastal zone management.
Earthworm invasion in Chayu River valley of Tibet under climate change
Authors: Jin Mingyue , Hou Lei , Ren Yihua , Zhou Yaozhi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Climate change affects biological invasion. To understand the invasion pattern of alien species of earthworm in Gongrigabu river watershed of Chayu river in Tibet under climate change, the participate rural appraise (PRA) was applied to investigate and analyze the peasant’s perception of the appearance time and harm of alien species of earthworm in 13 villages. The results showed that the local climate was warming and drying, and climate warming was the main reason for the invasion of alien species of earthworms. Since the appearance of alien species of earthworm at an altitude of 1528 m in 2008, they had invaded the upstream area at a climbing speed of 71.43 m·a-1 and had been outbreaking in areas below 2028 m. For the climate change adaptation measures, the local peasants should change the crop layout.
Research on ice characteristics in Bohai Bay, China based on Multi-source remote sensing images
Authors: Li Huaiyuan , Qin Longkun , Han Zhiyuan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Sea ice area accounts for about 22.9% of the global ocean area, so the research of ice plays an important role in the marine field. The ice data that can be obtained by means of site investigation is very limited, and remote sensing means has unique advantages in large-scale and multi-element feature extraction. Especially in recent years, the available remote sensing image data is becoming more and more abundant, which makes it an important supplementary data for ice research. In this paper, we took the typical sea area of Bohai Bay in China as an example, analyzed the overall characteristics of the ice condition in the target sea area by collecting the winter remote sensing image data in recent 8 years. By using the methods of target recognition, edge detection and time series analysis, four main characteristics of the ice blocks were extracted: time characteristics, spatial characteristics, scale characteristics and motion characteristics. The results enriched the research data of ice condition in the target sea area.
Spatial-Temporal distribution of cloud covers over China during 2001-2020
Authors: Shuai Yanmin , Cao Yingxin , Shao Congying , Wu Mengjin , Ma Yu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Information of cloud covers is the essential parameter to help better understand weather, climate, water cycle, and solar energy variation of the land surface, as well as the organization of effective satellite-based observations for numerous surface monitoring applications. Compared with traditional cloud information collected by limited ground stations, satellite remote sensing provides the opportunity to investigate the spatiotemporal features of cloud covers from above with actual measurements over global or regional scale. Few previous studies have explored the various cloud types globally or across China. In this work, the 20-year spatial and temporal distribution features and trends of various cloud types (clouds, cloud shadows and cirrus clouds) in China from 2001 to 2020 were investigated using MODIS daily surface reflectance product. Our results showed that: In terms of overall spatial distribution, the southeast was cloudy year-round with up to 75% cloud cover, while the northwest arid zone was mostly clear skies. Cloud shadows were mainly concentrated on complex undulating surfaces composed of high mountains, and cirrus clouds were mostly distributed in the northern regions of high latitudes. In recent 20 years, clouds showed a downward trend in North China, with an annual decreasing rate of more than 0.5% in Inner Mongolia, and a significant increasing trend of up to 0.6% in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Cloud shadows had little change in trend in most parts of China. Cirrus clouds had a decreasing trend in most areas, especially in the Greater Khingan Mountains, where the decrease can reach 0.6%.
Case study on the effectiveness of Agrometeorological Proverbs
Authors: Chen Shuo , Liu Yize , Shuai Yanmin , Shao Congying , Tian Yanjun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Many agrometeorological proverbs unique created by Chinese ancestors imply the relationship between universe, season, climate and agriculture events, which have been past considered as the valuable weather calendar to guide the agriculture events in China for thousands of years. And subject to the variation among various regions with distinguished climate or agricultural conditions, there is a requirement to examine the scientificity and applicability of agrometeorological proverbs before guiding the agriculture management. Based on the daily meteorological data of 206 meteorological stations in the Yangtze River Basin from 1966 to 2019, this paper explored the scientificity of meteorological knowledge embedded in meteorological proverbs “The Beginning of Spring at both ends resulting in hot in the dog days” and their applicability in the context of climate change. The study firstly investigated the warming rate based on the least-square method to fit the temperature data curves of the Beginning of Spring- Minor Heat in the Beginning of Spring at both Ends Years (BSEY) and Normal Years (NY), and to classify the “Fast Warming” (FW) temporal period according to the criteria that the days with a slope of warming of BSEY is greater than the slope of warming of NY in a certain temporal period, which accounts for more than 65% of the total number of days in the temporal period; Furthermore, the differences between BSEY and NY in the “Hot Dog Days ”(HDD) phase were compared and analyzed according to the inter-decadal precipitation and the different “ Heat levels” criteria defined by the difference of the Temperature-Humidity Index (THI) between the two years. Results shows that: (1) all regions in the Yangtze River basin, except for the plateau areas, are in line with the “FW” characteristic, accounting for 69% of the Yangtze River basin area, and the temporal period in which the “FW” characteristic appears (46 days after the Beginning of Spring) is before the the Spring Equinox. (2) There are areas in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin that meet the “HDD” characteristics, with the strongest compliance in the lower reaches, accounting for 90% of the lower reaches, and differences in the non-compliant areas, except for the Qinghai-Tibetan alpine region, mainly due to the influence of mountain ranges and other topography. In summary, the proverb is suitable for the main circulation regions in terms of applicability, and meteorological knowledge behind the proverb is also scientificity appropriate in the region where it is used. Meanwhile, this study can provide a reference for future policy development, agriculture-related research, and proper arrangement of agricultural production.
Research on goaf treatment and geothermal comprehensive utilization technology in coal mining subsidence area
Authors: Yang Yu , Li Bo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Goaf treatment and comprehensive utilization of geothermal energy are great significance to the restoration of land resources and sustainable development of energy in coal mining subsidence areas. In this paper, goaf treatment technology and geothermal energy development technology are reviewed in detail. Among them, the goaf treatment technology mainly includes: caving treatment method, filling treatment method, support method, closed isolation method and joint treatment method. Geothermal development technology mainly includes: shallow ground source heat pump technology, coaxial casing development technology, pumping and reinjection technology, directional drilling technology, U-type precision docking drilling technology. The systematic idea of filling treatment and geothermal comprehensive utilization in coal mining subsidence area is proposed, and the technology is described in detail through three cases. The research results can provide innovative inspiration for subsidence control and comprehensive utilization of geothermal energy in coal mining subsidence area, and has broad application prospects.
Shallow geological structures building by joint waveform inversion based on curvelet decomposition
Authors: Zhang Chao , Meng Qingxiang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Shallow geological imaging structures often play an essential role in the field of environmental and engineering geophysics. Early arrival waveform inversion (EWI) is high-resolution method to imaging near-surface structures. We proposed a joint waveform and envelope inversion method based on curvelet transform (CJWEI) to build shallow geological structures. By taking advantage of their complementary sensitivities to near-surface structure, we can constrain both low- and high-wavenumber components of structures, as well as mitigating the cycle-skipping problem. Curvelet transform was used to decompose seismic data into different scales and provide a multi-scale inversion strategy to further reduce non-uniqueness of the inversion. With synthetic test, we demonstrate that our method can constrain the anomalies and hidden layers in the shallow structure more efficiently as well as robust in terms of noise.
Effects of lime nitrogen on the fungi community of tobacco soil and its correlation analysis
Authors: Zhang Susu , Chen Yulan , Tuo Yangyang , Li Hongli , Wang Yan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Soil microorganisms are closely related to soil environmental factors. To explore the effects of lime nitrogen, lime nitrogen combined with biocontrol agents on soil environmental factors and fungi and their correlation in tobacco fields, four treatments were set: 1_1: control group; 1_2: biocontrol agents group; 1_3: lime nitrogen group; 1_4: lime nitrogen with biocontrol agents group. Soil samples were taken during four growth periods of tobacco plants, and fungi were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that both 1_3 and 1_4 group increased the soil pH, OM, available nutrients, effective copper, available zinc, fungi richness and diversity of vigorous and maturity stage, urease, acid phosphatase, invertase activity, flue-cured tobacco economic characteristics, and the relative abundance of beneficial fungi such as Chaetomium, Solicoccozyma of maturity stage. At maturity stage, available zinc, available nitrogen, urease activity was significantly positively correlated with Chaetomium; Invertase activity showed significantly positive correlation with Solicoccozyma. In short, both 1_2 and 1_3 group improved physicochemical properties, more enzyme activity of the soil, which were significantly positively correlation with some beneficial fungi. Therefore, the relative abundance of certain beneficial fungi increased so that the disease resistance of tobacco plant was improved and flue-cured tobacco economic characters were better.