bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Penoscrotal defect reconstruction using loco‐regional flaps in treatment of extramammary Paget's disease: Experience and suggestion of a simplified algorithm
Authors: Kim Woo‐Ju , Kim Su‐Hwan , Sung Hyun‐Hwan , Lee Kyeong‐Tae , Pyon Jai‐Kyong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundReconstruction of penoscrotal defects resulted from margin‐controlled excision of extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) remains challenging, due to its unpredictably varying extents. The present study aimed to investigate outcomes of reconstruction of penoscrotal defects following radical excision of EMPD and to introduce a simplified algorithm for selecting reconstruction strategies.MethodsPatients with penoscrotal EMPD who were treated with wide excision and subsequent reconstruction from 2009 to 2020 were reviewed. Their demographics, operation‐related characteristics, and postoperative outcomes were evaluated.ResultsIn total, 46 patients with a mean age of 64.9 years (range, 44–85 years) were analyzed. An average size of defects was 129.6 cm2 (range, 8–900 cm2). The most frequently involving anatomical subunit was scrotum, followed by suprapubic area and penile shaft. Twenty‐six patients had defects spanning multiple subunits. The most commonly used reconstruction methods for each anatomical subunit were internal pudendal artery perforator (IPAP) flaps and/or scrotal flaps for scrotal defects, superficial external pudendal artery perforator (SEPAP) flaps for suprapubic defects, and skin grafts for penile defects. In all but four cases, successful reconstruction was achieved with combination of those reconstruction options. No major complications developed except for one case of marginal flap necrosis. All patients were satisfied with their aesthetic and functional results.ConclusionsDiverse penoscrotal defects following excision of EMPD could be solidly reconstructed with combination of several loco‐regional options. A simplified algorithm using in combination of IPAP flap, SEPAP flap, scrotal flap, and skin graft may enable efficient and reliable reconstruction of penoscrotal EMPD defects.
Hybrid continuous inverse class‐F high‐efficiency power amplifier based on phase shift analysis
Authors: Song Kaijun , He Aoke , Li Qian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a hybrid continuous inverse class‐F high‐efficiency power amplifier based on phase shift analysis is proposed. A broadband and high‐efficiency microwave power amplifier are designed by adopting load pull, source pull technique, and low‐pass filter matching structure. The measured results show that the drain efficiency ranges from 67.5% to 77.8%, the saturated output power ranges from 40.2 to 42.4 dBm, and the saturated power gain ranges from 10.2 to 12.4 dB in the working frequency band from 2 to 3 GHz. The power amplifier proposed in this paper fits the current broadband microwave communication technology and plays an important role in the transmission of high data flow signals by wireless transmitters.
The impact of the post‐ COVID 19 pandemic elective waiting list delays on patient reported symptoms and intention to proceed with planned upper limb surgeries—A prospective cohort study
Authors: Sibanda Vusumuzi , Anazor Fitzgerald Chukwuemeka , Bhadresha Ashwin , Altaf Kalsoom , De Chiranjit , Relwani Jai 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study was to evaluate patient reported outcome measures using the EQ5D‐5L and EQ5D‐5L visual analogue scale (VAS) following elective shoulder and elbow orthopaedic list delays. This was further correlated with patients' intention to proceed with the planned surgery.MethodsPatients on the waiting list for more than 26 weeks were included in the study. Telephone interviews were conducted utilising the EQ5D‐5L and the EQ5D‐5L VAS at the time of addition to the waiting list and presently.Results75 out of 324 screened patients were eligible. 62 (82.7%) patients still wanted to proceed with their planned procedure while 13 (17.3%) patients in the other group no longer wanted to proceed. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean age, gender, initial trial of conservative treatment and limb laterality between these groups (p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the mean duration of being on the waiting list between these groups (40.4 ± 19 vs. 62.9 ± 17.5 weeks respectively). Furthermore, statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in the current EQ5D‐5L VAS scores were observed between these groups (52.4 vs. 65.8 respectively).ConclusionThis study has shown that majority of patients on elective shoulder and elbow orthopaedic lists with prolonged waiting list delays and improved EQ5D‐5L scores are likely to decline the planned procedure and vice versa. Nevertheless, the unplanned ‘watchful waiting’ caused by the COVID‐19 pandemic and leading to patients deciding to decline surgery, is not a substitute for timely planned surgery to alleviate patients' suffering.
3D Evolution of soil arching during shield tunnelling in silty and sandy soils: A comparative study
Authors: Vinoth Mani , Aswathy Muraleedharan Syamala 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDuring earth pressure balance (EPB) shield tunnelling, a three‐dimensional stress redistribution occurs, which leads to development of soil arching. In this paper, development of soil arching by stress redistribution in two types of soils, silty and sandy soil is studied. A three‐dimensional numerical model was first developed and validated using the case study of the extension of Dwaraka Najafgarh Metro Corridor of Phase‐III of Delhi MRTS. Using the validated model numerous simplified numerical analyses were carried out to determine the evolution of soil arching in both silty and sandy soil. The variation in stresses (σxx,σyyandσzz), deformation and shear strain were evaluated and, on this basis, the extent of the loosened region and soil arching region was determined for both soil types. Furthermore, impact of different parameters (i.e., face pressure, grout pressure, C/D ratio and diameter of tunnel) on the evolution of loosened region above tunnel crown was assessed. Based on the numerical analysis, the extent of loosened region in the vertical direction for silty soil was determined to be 1.21D from the tunnel crown and the extent for the sandy soil was determined to be only 0.73D. While in the horizontal direction, the loosened region extends up to 0.72D and 0.37D for silty and sandy soils respectively. An optimal range of different parameters which must be adopted at the time EPB shield tunnelling in silty and sandy soil is recommended.
Before Learning the Code: A Commentary on Sargiani, Ehri, and Maluf (RRQ, 2022)
Authors: Guo Teng , Vazeux Maria , Doignon‐Camus Nadège , Bosse Marie‐Line , Mahé Gwendoline , Zagar Daniel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this commentary, we argue the importance of the period before learning the alphabetic code and develop a new theoretical framework for the cognitive processes involved at the very beginning of learning to read. According to our theory, prereaders begin to learn to read by associating letter clusters with concrete phonological units such as syllables, a process we refer to as “building the syllabic bridge” (Doignon‐Camus & Zagar, 2014). This procedure may trigger statistical learning to extract regularities of grapheme–phoneme correspondences. We assume that statistical learning facilitates access to phonemic awareness and then the acquisition of the alphabetic code. Our arguments are partly based on the comparison between the studies conducted by Vazeux et al. (2020) and Sargiani et al. (2022), whose results might have seemed contradictory at first sight. Finally, we suggest pedagogical implications and some perspectives for future research.
An identified agronomic interpretation for potassium permanganate oxidizable carbon
Authors: Svedin Jeffrey D. , Veum Kristen S. , Ransom Curtis J. , Kitchen Newell R. , Anderson Stephen H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe absence of clear empirical relationships between soil health and agronomic outcomes remains an obstacle to widespread adoption of soil health assessments in row crop systems. The objectives of this research were to (1) determine whether soil health indicators are connected to corn (Zea mays L.) productivity and (2) establish interpretive benchmarks for soil health indicators in Missouri. The objectives were accomplished by collecting corn grain yield at 446 monitoring sites (37 m2) in 84 commercial production fields in 2018–2020. Soil health and soil fertility samples were collected prior to planting at each site. These data, along with site‐specific soil and weather data, were modeled using traditional stepwise regression and nonparametric random forest (RF) and conditional inference forest (CIF) approaches. Root‐mean‐square errors were similar (1.4–1.5 Mg ha−1) with distinct R2 improvements over stepwise regression for both CIF (R2 = 0.45) and RF (R2 = 0.46) algorithms. Only seasonal rainfall and potassium permanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC) were included as top factors governing grain productivity in each model approach, thus demonstrating a regionally robust empirical relationship between POXC and grain productivity. Partial dependency analysis and two decision tree approaches identified 415 mg POXC kg−1 as a threshold for maximum grain productivity, providing a framework for regional interpretation of on‐farm soil health assessments. Little evidence was found connecting grain productivity with autoclaved citrate extractable protein and soil respiration. These findings underscore the power of POXC as an emerging soil health indicator to assess and quantify soil management effects on grain productivity.
Fire exclusion reduces A‐horizon thickness in a long‐term prescribed fire experiment in Spodosols of northern Florida, USA
Authors: Taylor Melanie K. , Strother Dexter J. , Callaham Mac A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFire influences soils, but it is difficult to attribute long‐term changes in soils to fire, given the short duration, and irregular return interval of most fires. Prescribed fire, in which landscapes are intentionally burned, offer some experimental control, but study sites where prescribed fire has been applied systematically over decades are rare. We had the opportunity to investigate the effects of prescribed fire on soil horizon thickness in Spodosols from a long‐term study in northern Florida, USA, in which three prescribed fire frequency treatments (1, 2, or 4 years) and an unburned control have been continuously maintained in replicated experimental plots for the last 60 years. We found that the thickness of the A horizon in these soils was diminished in the unburned control plots, relative to those in plots receiving regular fire treatments. While conclusions based on one morphological measurement, thickness, certainly have limitations, drivers of this peculiar finding may have implications for carbon storage and vulnerability in these fire‐maintained landscapes.
Fluorine Substitution Promotes Air‐Stability of P'2‐Type Layered Cathodes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Chen Xuchun , Zheng Siyu , Liu Pei , Sun Zhiqin , Zhu Kunjie , Li Haixia , Liu Yongchang , Jiao Lifang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs one of the most promising cathode materials in sodium‐ion batteries, manganese‐based layered oxides have aroused wide attention due to their high specific capacity and plentiful reserves. However, they are plagued by poor air stability rooting in water/Na+ exchange and adverse structural reconstruction, hindering their practical applications. Herein, it is demonstrated that utilizing fluorine to substitute oxygen atoms can narrow the interlayer spacing of novel P'2‐Na0.67MnO1.97F0.03 (NMOF) cathode material, which resists the attack of water molecules, significantly prolonging exposure time in air. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation results indicate that fluorine substitution alleviates the insertion of water molecules and spontaneous extraction of Na+ effectively. Benefiting from the structural modulation, NMOF can deliver a high specific capacity of 227.1 mAh g‐1 at 20 mA g‐1 and a promising capacity retention of 84.0% after 100 cycles at 200 mA g‐1. This facile and available strategy provides a feasible way to strengthen the air‐stability and expands the scope of practical applications of layered oxide cathodes.
Recurrent liver abscessation in a dog with an incompletely resected hepatocellular adenoma
Authors: Rosen Sydney , Lumbrezer‐Johnson Sarah , Hostnik Eric , Salyer Sarah , Selmic Laura E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA 10‐year‐old, male, neutered, mixed breed dog was diagnosed with septic peritonitis secondary to a liver abscess. Left lateral and medial liver lobectomies were performed and histopathology revealed an incompletely excised hepatocellular adenoma with multifocal septic, suppurative (neutrophilic) inflammation. Eight months later, the dog was presented again and was found to have septic peritonitis. Computed tomography showed recurrent right hepatic abscessation. Abdominal explore and right medial liver lobectomy were performed. Following surgery, disseminated intravascular coagulation was suspected, the patient declined in neurologic and respiratory status. The owner elected humane euthanasia. Postmortem examination showed locally extensive pyogranulomatous hepatitis with necrosis and intralesional rod bacteria, and recurrent hepatocellular adenoma. This case represents recurrence of hepatic abscessation in a dog, 8 months after the first liver lobectomy. This case report highlights clinical findings associated with septic peritonitis secondary to hepatic abscessation and discusses diagnostic and treatment options explored in veterinary and human medicine.
Theoretical and Practical Research in the Context of Regional Synergistic Development
Authors: Zhou Long , Li Bin , Li Sihong , Lei Ngan Leng , Cheong Kengfong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis chapter provides a research overview of the related theoretical concepts and practical examples of synergistic regional development. The solution to regional development imbalances from the path of regional cooperation is one of the main objectives of this theory. It provides theories on how regions can develop synergistic collaboration in the areas of economic, environmental and social structures and how these theories can be practised into practical strategic implementation programmes for sustainable regional development. Firstly, we introduce the conceptual and theoretical background of synergistic regional development in the form of urban agglomeration discussed from the perspective of the urban planning discipline. Then we analyse and evaluate cases of synergistic regional development that reflect the research results of regional cooperation. Finally, we explain the advantages and difficulties of forming a synergistic development of Hengqin and Macao.
Cooperation Planning System for Hengqin and Macao
Authors: Zhou Long , Li Bin , Li Sihong , Lei Ngan Leng , Cheong Kengfong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe planning system, as a crucial instrument for the government to lead spatial development, is differently designed and operated in Hengqin and Macao within the ‘One Country, Two Systems’. To ensure the cooperation of these two systems, experience from international and domestic cases as cross-border cooperation of planning will be analysed. Four aspects of the planning system, namely legal system, formulating plans, planning management and planning practice, are comparatively studied in Hengqin and Macao. The master plan is employed as an example to display the similarities and differences between planning systems in these two regions. From the analyses, this chapter proposes suggestions to contribute to future planning-led development in Guangdong–Macao In-Depth Cooperation Zone in Hengqin.
Diabetes and the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Khunti Kamlesh , Valabhji Jonathan , Misra Shivani 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAlmost immediately after the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus emerged, it was evident that people with chronic diseases, including diabetes, were disproportionately affected, with an increased risk of hospitalisation and mortality. Over the ensuing 2 years, the indirect effects of the pandemic on healthcare delivery in the short term have become prominent, along with the lingering effects of the virus in those directly infected. In the wake of the pandemic and without any evidence from high quality studies, a number of national and international consensus recommendations were published, which were subsequently rapidly updated based on observational studies. There have been unprecedented disruptions from both direct and indirect impacts of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in people with diabetes. In this review, we summarise the impact of acute COVID-19 in people with diabetes, discuss how the presentation and epidemiology during the pandemic, including presentation of diabetic ketoacidosis and new-onset diabetes, has changed, and we consider the wider impact of the pandemic on patients and healthcare service delivery, including some of the areas of uncertainty. Finally, we make recommendations on prioritising patients as we move into the recovery phase and also how we protect people with diabetes for the future, as COVID-19 is likely to become endemic.
Graphical abstract
The association between social class and the impact of treatment for mental health problems: a systematic review and narrative synthesis
Authors: Barnett Phoebe , Oshinowo Iyinoluwa , Cooper Christopher , Taylor Clare , Smith Shubulade , Pilling Stephen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This systematic review aimed to synthesise all quantitative literature on the association between social class and the effectiveness of interventions for mental health disorders.

Methods
Systematic literature searches (inception-March 2021) were conducted across 7 databases, and all quantitative studies meeting inclusion criteria, examining the impact of social class on access to treatment, or intervention effectiveness, or the impact of treatment on social mobility, were synthesised narratively.

Results
Evidence suggests that lower social class may be associated with reduced access to primary and secondary mental health care and increased likelihood of access via crisis services, and patients of lower social class may not benefit from all mental health interventions, with reduced effectiveness. While limited, there was some indication that psychosocial interventions could encourage increased employment rates.

Conclusion
Social class is associated with the effectiveness of psychological interventions, and should be considered when designing new interventions to prevent barriers to access and improve effectiveness.
“The wrong tools for the right job”: a critical meta-analysis of traditional tests to assess behavioural impacts of maternal separation
Authors: Stupart Olivia , Robbins Trevor W. , Dalley Jeffrey W. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Rationale
Unconditioned tasks in rodents have been the mainstay of behavioural assessment for decades, but their validity and sensitivity to detect the behavioural consequences of early life stress (ELS) remains contentious and highly variable.

Objectives
In the present study, we carried out a meta-analysis to investigate whether persistent behavioural effects, as assessed using unconditioned procedures in rats, are a reliable consequence of early repeated maternal separation, a commonly used procedure in rodents to study ELS.

Methods
A literature search identified 100 studies involving maternally separated rats and the following unconditioned procedures: the elevated plus maze (EPM); open field test (OFT); sucrose preference test (SPT) and forced swim task (FST). Studies were included for analysis if the separation of offspring from the dam was at least 60 min every day during the pre-weaning period prior to the start of adolescence.

Results
Our findings show that unconditioned tasks are generally poor at consistently demonstrating differences between control and separated groups with pooled effect sizes that were either small or non-existent (EPM: Hedge’s g =  − 0.35, p = 0.01, OFT: Hedge’s g =  − 0.32, p = 0.05, SPT: Hedge’s g =  − 0.33, p = 0.21, FST: Hedge’s g = 0.99, p = 0.0001). Despite considerable procedural variability between studies, heterogeneity statistics were low; indicating the lack of standardization in the maternal separation protocol was the not the cause of these inconsistent effects.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that in general, unconditioned tests of depression and anxiety are not sufficient to reveal the full behavioural repertoire of maternal separation stress should not be relied upon in isolation. We argue that more objective tasks that sensitively detect specific cognitive processes are better suited for translational research on stress-related disorders such as depression.
Chimney Versus Fenestrated Endovascular Versus Open Repair for Juxta/Pararenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: Systematic Review and Network Meta‐analysis of the Short‐term Results
Authors: Zlatanovic Petar , Jovanovic Aleksa , Tripodi Paolo , Davidovic Lazar 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this systematic review and network meta‐analysis was to compare the short‐term results of fenestrated endovascular repair (FEVAR), chimney endovascular repair (ChEVAR), and open surgery (OS) for patients with juxta/pararenal abdominal aortic aneurysms (JAAA/PAAA).Materials and methodsMEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Web of Science were searched from inception to 1 July 2022. Any comparative studies investigating the results of two or three treatment strategies (ChEVAR, FEVAR, or OS) on clinical outcomes for patients with JAAA/PAAA were included. Analysed outcomes were 30‐day mortality, acute kidney injury (AKI), major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), and bowel ischaemia (BI).
ResultsA total of 22 studies with 8853 patients were included in the analysis. FEVAR (OR = 0.58, 95%CrI 0.36–0.82) and ChEVAR (OR = 0.56, 95%CrI 0.28–1.02) were associated with lower 30‐day mortality than OS. FEVAR (OR = 0.54, 95%CrI 0.33–0.85) was associated with lower risk of AKI than OS. FEVAR (OR = 0.43, 95%CrI 0.20–0.89) and ChEVAR (OR = 0.34, 95%CrI 0.10–0.93) compared to OS were associated with lower rates of BI. FEVAR (OR = 0.67, 95%CrI 0.49–0.90) and ChEVAR (OR = 0.61, 95%CrI 0.35–1.02) were associated with lower 30‐day MACE risk than OS. FEVAR was associated with a higher rate of SCI compared to OS (OR = 4.90, 95%CrI 1.55–19.17).
ConclusionWe found a clear benefit for FEVAR and ChEVAR versus OS in terms of reduced 30‐day mortality, BI, and MACE, as well as AKI for FEVAR. This suggests that higher‐risk patients might benefit from endovascular treatment of JAAA/PAAA; however, should be applied in clinical practice with caution, since long‐term outcomes were outside of the scope of this review.