bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The symmetrical rate-equations of particle–wave mechanics
Authors: Hill James M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAt various times in his life, Louis de Broglie firmly believed in the coexistence of both particle and an associated wave referring to “the theory of the double solution”, and an equation which he called “the guidance formula”. In an attempt to account for both particle and wave, the author has proposed a Lorentz invariant alternative to Newton’s second law which is developed in Hill (Zeitschrift fur angewandte Mathematik und Physik 69:133–145, 2018; Zeitschrift fur angewandte Mathematik und Physik 70:5–14, 2019; Zeitschrift fur angewandte Mathematik und Physik 70:131–153, 2019; Math Mech Solids 26:263–284, 2020; Math Mech Solids 25: 1763–1777, 2020; Zeitschrift fur angewandte Mathematik und Physik 72:1–14; Mathematics of particle–wave mechanical systems, Springer, Cham, 2022). Here, we summarise some of the major outcomes of this approach, including simple solutions of the proposed model exhibiting both sub-luminal and superluminal behaviour dependent upon the region of space-time, and two symmetrical sets of rate-differential relations for the two Lorentz invariants for a single spatial dimension x. One set follows the particle, while the other follows the wave, revealing a complete symmetry between the one-dimensional spatial physical force f and the force g in the “direction of time”. The existence of these symmetrical equations reinforces the parity and interchangeability of particles and waves.
Intra-islet insulin synthesis defects are associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress and loss of beta cell identity in human diabetes
Authors: Brusco Noemi , Sebastiani Guido , Di Giuseppe Gianfranco , Licata Giada , Grieco Giuseppina E. , Fignani Daniela , Nigi Laura , Formichi Caterina , Aiello Elena , Auddino Stefano , Quero Giuseppe , Cefalo Chiara M. A. , Cinti Francesca , Mari Andrea , Ferraro Pietro M. , Pontecorvi Alfredo , Alfieri Sergio , Giaccari Andrea , Dotta Francesco , Mezza Teresa 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and beta cell dedifferentiation both play leading roles in impaired insulin secretion in overt type 2 diabetes. Whether and how these factors are related in the natural history of the disease remains, however, unclear.

Methods
In this study, we analysed pancreas biopsies from a cohort of metabolically characterised living donors to identify defects in in situ insulin synthesis and intra-islet expression of ER stress and beta cell phenotype markers.

Results
We provide evidence that in situ altered insulin processing is closely connected to in vivo worsening of beta cell function. Further, activation of ER stress genes reflects the alteration of insulin processing in situ. Using a combination of 17 different markers, we characterised individual pancreatic islets from normal glucose tolerant, impaired glucose tolerant and type 2 diabetic participants and reconstructed disease progression.

Conclusions/interpretation
Our study suggests that increased beta cell workload is accompanied by a progressive increase in ER stress with defects in insulin synthesis and loss of beta cell identity.

Graphical abstract
No difference in clinical outcome after rotator cuff repair performed within or later than 3 months after trauma: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Dimmen Sigbjørn , Owesen Christian , Lundgreen Kirsten , Jenssen Kjersti Kaul 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Rotator cuff (RC) tear is one of the most common injuries of the shoulder. Patients with RC tears often report a trauma initiating shoulder pain and impaired function. The aim of this retrospective analysis of a prospectively registered cohort was to elucidate whether the time interval between the trauma and RC repair, using a cut off of 3 months, affects the functional outcome after 2 years.

Methods
In a single orthopedic unit, 819 consecutive patients were treated with rotator cuff repair during the period from 2010 to 2014 and 733 of the patients completed the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff (WORC) index preoperatively and at 2-year follow-up. The Constant–Murley (CM) score was completed by trained physiotherapists after a clinical examination both preoperatively and at 2-year follow-up. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in all patients and postoperatively in 65% of the included patients. Re-tears and partial repairs were excluded, as were patients with pseudoparalysis who were given high priority and underwent surgery during the first 3 weeks after trauma.

Results
Of the 733 treated patients, 437 (60%) reported having had a shoulder trauma in their medical history initiating their shoulder symptoms, and of these, 358 met the inclusion criteria. 296 patients with non-traumatic tears, 9 repairs done within 3 weeks after trauma, 25 partial repairs, 33 re-tears and 12 others were excluded. At 2-year follow-up there was no significant difference in WORC index (n.s.) or CM score (n.s.) between patients who had their RC repaired within or more than 3 months after trauma. In patients where RC repair was performed within 3 months, the WORC index improved by 42.9%, and in the group of patients operated later than 3 months, the increase was 38.7%. This difference between the groups was neither statistically significant (n.s.) nor clinically relevant. On postoperative MRI, 80% of the repairs were healed in both groups.

Conclusion
In this retrospective cohort study, no differences in clinical outcome were found when RC repair was performed between 3 weeks and 3 months or later than 3 months after injury in patients describing their onset of symptoms as traumatic.

Level of evidence
III.
Applying the geodetic detrending technique for investigating the consistency of GPS L2P(Y) in several receivers
Authors: Juan J. M. , Sanz J. , González-Casado G. , Rovira-Garcia A. , Timoté C. C. , Orús-Pérez R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGlobal Navigation Satellite System signals have been used for years to study high-frequency fluctuations (f > 0.1 Hz) in the ionosphere. The customary procedure uses the geometry-free (GF) combination of L1 and L2 carriers, for which it is necessary to acquire the L2 GPS signal. Initially, L2 had to be acquired from a codeless signal, L2P(Y), using several techniques, some of them requiring the aid of L1. New GPS satellites transmit the new C2 civil code, which can be used to acquire directly L2, i.e. L2C. Several publications have reported differences in the GF combination when it is computed from L2P(Y) or L2C. Using two ionospheric scintillation monitoring receivers (ISMRs), these differences were shown to be related to how they acquire L2, i.e. if the receiver acquires L2 with the L1 aid. However, ISMRs are scarce, so the extension of such a study is not straightforward. The present work uses the geodetic detrending technique to identify whether a conventional geodetic-grade receiver acquires L2 with the aid of L1. The study employs six different receiver types with measurements stored in RINEX formats version 2 and 3. In both formats, we are able to identify if L2 signal is acquired with L1 aid. In this way, we show that some receiver types heavily underestimate high-frequency ionospheric fluctuations when using the GF combination. Our results show that the ionosphere-free combination of these carrier phases is not free from high-frequency ionospheric fluctuations, but in some receivers, almost 90% of the high-frequency effects in L1 remain in such combination.
Analytical determination of antioxidant capacity of hop-derived compounds in beer using specific rapid assays (ORAC, FRAP) and ESR-spectroscopy
Authors: Rothe Julia , Fischer Riana , Cotterchio Christina , Gastl Martina , Becker Thomas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThere is a relationship between antioxidant activity and ageing stability of beer. The high-throughput antioxidant capacity assays ORAC and FRAP, which rely on specific reaction mechanisms, are validated as an addition to the established ESR-ST method with a focus on hop-derived antioxidants. Beers were brewed with systematic variations in hop variety, hop product, and the hopping regime (late hopping) to achieve sample beers varying widely in the concentrations of hop-derived antioxidants (α- and iso-α-acids, phenolic compounds). A significant positive correlation between phenolic compounds and the ORAC- and FRAP-values (p < 0.01) was found. The effect of individual resinous substances and free phenolic acids and flavonoids on the antioxidant capacity of beer (ORAC, FRAP, and ESR-ST) was proven in spiking trials. We found a correlation between the occurrence of the o-di-OH-group and the ORAC- and FRAP-values of phenolic compounds. Phenolic compounds did not react as anti- or prooxidants in the radical generation (ESR-ST). Higher concentrations of unisomerized α-acids significantly reduced ESR-signal intensity but had no significant effect on ORAC- or FRAP-values. Beers brewed with late hop addition, which yielded higher concentrations of unisomerized α-acids and phenolic compounds, had higher ORAC, FRAP-values and a reduced ESR-signal intensity. These three methods rely on different reaction principles, and therefore, different groups of hop-derived compounds act as antioxidants in these assays. A combination of the two high-throughput methods (ORAC, FRAP) and ESR-ST is advantageous for the evaluation of the antioxidant capacity of beers varying in hop-derived compounds.
Fusion von Tauchroboter- und Satellitenmessungen über unterschiedliche Skalen, Messmodelle und spektrale Abtastungen
Authors: Nakath D. , Grossmann V. , Kiko R. , Koch R. , Oppelt N. , Köser K. 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungIn küstennahen Gewässern ist es von Vorteil, satellitengestützte optische Messungen des Meeres mit visuellen und sensorischen Beobachtungen von Tauchrobotern zu fusionieren. Obwohl Satelliten nur wenige Meter tief in Gewässer hineinschauen können, ist es möglich, generelle Wassereigenschaften oder den Bodenbewuchs von Küstengewässern zu bestimmen. Visuelle und sensorische Tauchroboterbeobachtungen sind hierzu komplementär und können auch tiefere Gewässer erreichen. Das mitgeführte künstliche Licht wird jedoch stark gestreut und erfordert andere Messmodelle. Zusätzlich sind die räumlichen und spektralen Auflösungen der Beobachtungen oftmals sehr unterschiedlich. Wir analysieren hier die damit verbundenen Problematiken und skizzieren Wege, wie die Fusion der grundverschiedenen Messungen dennoch gelingen könnte.
Real-world comparison of Docetaxel versus new hormonal agents in combination with androgen-deprivation therapy in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer descrying PSA Nadir ≤ 0.05 ng/ml as marker for treatment response
Authors: Kafka Mona , Burtscher Thomas , Fritz Josef , Schmitz Maximilian , Bektic Jasmin , Ladurner Michael , Horninger Wolfgang , Heidegger Isabel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Propose
Using Docetaxel chemotherapy or new hormonal agents (NHT) to intensify upfront systemic therapy resulted in improved survival rates compared to androgen deprivation monotherapy (ADT). Hence, combination therapies have become the new standard of care (SOC) in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). However, head-to-head trails comparing different therapies as well as treatment-guiding biomarkers are still lacking. Thus, the aim of the present study was to compare clinical outcomes of Docetaxel versus NHT therapy in the real-world setting as well as to elaborate biomarkers predicting clinical outcome.

Methods
We retrospectively assessed overall-survival (OS), progression-free survival 1 and 2 (PFS1/2) and time to progression (TTP) in 42 patients treated by either ADT + NHT or ADT + Docetaxel. In addition, we investigated clinical prognostic biomarkers.

Results
Our survival analysis revealed 3-year OS of 89.4% in the NHT group compared to 82.4% in the Docetaxel group. 3-year PFS1 was 59.6% in the NHT group compared to 32.2% in the Docetaxel group and the TTP was 53.8% vs 32.2% (pOS = 0.189; pPFS1 = 0.082; pTTP = 0.055). In addition, castration-resistance occurred more often in the Docetaxel group (78.6% vs 25%, p = 0.004). Interestingly, a PSA-Nadir ≤ 0.05 ng/ml during therapy was associated with increased survival rates (p < 0.001) while PSA levels at primary diagnosis had no influence on therapy outcome. Furthermore, a thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) increase during therapy was associated with improved clinical outcome (p = 0.06).

Conclusion
We observed a trend towards a higher benefit of NHT as first-line treatment compared to Docetaxel in men with mHSPC. Of note, a PSA-Nadir ≤ 0.05 ng/ml or a TSH-increase during therapy were predictors for therapy response.
Vorgehen bei Patienten mit Assurity®- und Endurity®-Schrittmachern
Authors: Israel Carsten W. , Sommer Philipp , Veltmann Christian , Steven Daniel 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungBei einer Untergruppe von Schrittmachern der Modelle Assurity® und Endurity® (Fa. Abbott, Sylmar, Kalifornien, USA; weltweit ca. 83.000 Geräte) kann es bei der Herstellung zu einem Verarbeitungsfehler der Verbindung zwischen Konnektorblock („header“) und Metallgehäuse gekommen sein, wodurch Feuchtigkeit eindringen kann. Dies kann zu Verlust der Telemetriefähigkeit, Umstellen in den Back-up-Modus, verkürzter Batterielaufzeit oder im schlimmsten Fall zu einem Stimulationsverlust führen. Bis Juni 2022 wurden solche Ausfälle bei 128 Geräten weltweit (0,15 %) gemeldet, gesundheitliche Schäden durch einen Ausfall wurden bis zu diesem Zeitpunkt nicht gemeldet.Der Nucleus der AGEP empfiehlt hierzu folgendes Vorgehen: 1. Patienten, bei denen ein betroffenes Gerät implantiert wurde, sollten informiert werden. 2. Die Risiken für den Patienten im Fall eines Ausfalls des Schrittmachers sollten abgeschätzt werden und die Patienten in „vermutlich schrittmacherabhängig“ (z. B. Indikation: permanenter AV-Block, bei letzter Kontrolle kein Eigenrhythmus, Anteil ventrikulärer Stimulation im Speicher > 90 %), „unklar“ und „vermutlich nicht schrittmacherabhängig“ (z. B. Indikation: Sick-Sinus-Syndrom, bei letzter Kontrolle Eigenrhythmus > 50/min, Anteil ventrikulärer Stimulation im Speicher < 1 %) kategorisiert werden. 3. Bei vermutlich nicht schrittmacherabhängigen Patienten genügt eine Information zusammen mit unveränderter Nachsorge, ggf. können die Nachkontroll-Intervalle auf z. B. 3 Monate verkürzt und/oder eine Fernnachsorge initiiert werden. 4. Bei Patienten mit unklarem Risiko im Fall eines Schrittmacherausfalls sollten zumindest die Nachkontroll-Intervalle auf z. B. 3 Monate verkürzt und/oder ein Fernnachsorge initiiert werden und individuell Nutzen und Risiken eines Geräteaustauschs abgewogen werden. 5. Bei vermutlich schrittmacherabhängigen Patienten wird ein Geräteaustausch empfohlen.
What is the probability of unexpected eruptions from potentially active volcanoes or regions?
Authors: Burgos Vanesa , Jenkins Susanna F. , Bebbington Mark , Newhall Chris , Taisne Benoit 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Since the start of the twentieth century, 101 potentially active volcanoes have produced their first Holocene eruption, as recorded in the volcanoes of the world (VOTW) database. The reactivation of potentially active volcanoes is often a surprise, since they tend to be less well-studied and unmonitored. The first step towards preparing for these unexpected eruptions is to establish how often potentially active volcanoes have erupted in the past. Here, we use our previously developed FRESH (First Recorded EruptionS in the Holocene) database to estimate the past regional Average Recurrence Interval (ARI) of these unexpected events. Within the most complete portions of the FRESH database, a FRESH (i.e., the first recorded eruption from a potentially active volcano) has occurred as frequently as every ~ 7 years in the Pacific Ocean region (~ 50 years of relatively complete record) and ~ 8 years in Izu, Volcano, and the Mariana Islands region (~ 150 years of relatively complete record). We use the regional frequency to estimate the annual probability of a FRESH at individual potentially active volcanoes in selected regions of Asia–Pacific, which ranged from 0.003 for Izu, Volcano, and Mariana Islands to 1.35 × 10−5 for Luzon. Population exposure around potentially active volcanoes showed that at volcanoes such as Kendeng (Indonesia) and Laguna Caldera (Philippines), more than 30 million people reside within 100 km of the summit. With this work, we hope to establish how often potentially active volcanoes erupt, while identifying which regions and which potentially active volcanoes may require more attention.
PQ-Type Adjacency Polytopes of Join Graphs
Authors: Ohsugi Hidefumi , Tsuchiya Akiyoshi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPQ-type adjacency polytopes $$\nabla ^PQ _G$$

∇
P

Q
G

are lattice polytopes arising from finite graphs G. There is a connection between $$\nabla ^PQ _G$$

∇
P

Q
G

and the engineering problem known as power-flow study, which models the balance of electric power on a network of power generation. In particular, the normalized volume of $$\nabla ^PQ _G$$

∇
P

Q
G

plays a central role. In the present paper, we focus on the case where G is a join graph. In particular, formulas of the $$h^*$$

h
∗

-polynomial and the normalized volume of $$\nabla ^PQ _G$$

∇
P

Q
G

of a join graph G are presented. Moreover, we give explicit formulas of the $$h^*$$

h
∗

-polynomial and the normalized volume of $$\nabla ^PQ _G$$

∇
P

Q
G

when G is a complete multipartite graph or a wheel graph.
Overestimation of the effect of (fos)aprepitant on intravenous dexamethasone pharmacokinetics requires adaptation of the guidelines for children with chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting
Authors: Nijstad A. Laura , de Vos-Kerkhof Evelien , Enters-Weijnen Catherine F. , van de Wetering Marianne D. , Tissing Wim J. E. , Tibben Matthijs M. , Rosing Hilde , Lalmohamed Arief , Huitema Alwin D. R. , Zwaan C. Michel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) are common side effects in pediatric oncology treatment. Besides 5-HT3-antagonists, both dexamethasone and aprepitant are cornerstone drugs in controlling these side effects. Based on results of adult studies, the dexamethasone dose is reduced by 50% when combined with aprepitant, because of a drug-drug interaction, even though data on the interaction in children is lacking. The current study was developed to investigate the effect of aprepitant on dexamethasone clearance (CL) in children, in order to assess if dexamethasone dose reduction for concomitant use of aprepitant is appropriate in the current antiemetic regimen.

Methods
In total, 65 children (0.6–17.9 years), receiving intravenous or oral antiemetic therapy (dexamethasone ± aprepitant) as standard of care, were included. 305 dexamethasone plasma concentrations were determined using LC–MS/MS. An integrated dexamethasone and aprepitant pharmacokinetic model was developed using non-linear mixed effects modelling in order to investigate the effect of aprepitant administration on dexamethasone CL.

Results
In this population, dexamethasone CL in patients with concomitant administration of aprepitant was reduced by approximately 30% of the uninhibited CL (23.3 L/h (95% confidence interval 20.4–26.0)). This result is not consistent with the results of adult studies (50% reduction). This difference was not age dependent, but might be related to the route of administration of dexamethasone. Future studies are needed to assess the difference in oral/intravenous dexamethasone.

Conclusion
When dexamethasone is given intravenously as a component of triple therapy to prevent CINV in children, we advise to reduce the dexamethasone dose by 30% instead of 50%.
Addendum to: Editorial note to: Erwin Schrödinger, Dirac electron in the gravitational field I
Authors: Gibbons Gary W. , Kay Bernard S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAn editorial note by one of us in this journal in 2020, argued in favour of the name Schrödinger–Lichnerowicz formula for the formula, $$g^{\mu \nu }\nabla _\mu \nabla _\nu +m^2 + R/4$$

g

μ
ν

∇
μ

∇
ν

+

m
2

+
R
/
4

, for the ‘square’ of the Dirac operator in curved spacetime since it had been obtained by Schrödinger in 1932 and rediscovered by Lichnerowicz in 1962. However, unfortunately, it overlooked the rediscovery of the formula by Asher Peres in 1963. We briefly recall the context of each of these discoveries and reflect on the naming of mathematical formulae in general and of this formula in particular.
Effects of changes in veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation blood flow on the measurement of intrathoracic blood volume and extravascular lung water index: a prospective interventional study
Authors: Conrad Alice Marguerite , Loosen Gregor , Boesing Christoph , Thiel Manfred , Luecke Thomas , Rocco Patricia R. M. , Pelosi Paolo , Krebs Joerg 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO) has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy to possibly reduce mortality. Transpulmonary thermodilution (TPTD) enables monitoring of the extravascular lung water index (EVLWI) and cardiac preload parameters such as intrathoracic blood volume index (ITBVI) in patients with ARDS, but it is not generally recommended during V-V ECMO. We hypothesized that the amount of extracorporeal blood flow (ECBF) influences the calculation of EVLWI and ITBVI due to recirculation of indicator, which affects the measurement of the mean transit time (MTt), the time between injection and passing of half the indicator, as well as downslope time (DSt), the exponential washout of the indicator. EVLWI and ITBVI were measured in 20 patients with severe ARDS managed with V-V ECMO at ECBF rates from 6 to 4 and 2 l/min with TPTD. MTt and DSt significantly decreased when ECBF was reduced, resulting in a decreased EVLWI (26.1 [22.8–33.8] ml/kg at 6 l/min ECBF vs 22.4 [15.3–31.6] ml/kg at 4 l/min ECBF, p < 0.001; and 13.2 [11.8–18.8] ml/kg at 2 l/min ECBF, p < 0.001) and increased ITBVI (840 [753–1062] ml/m2 at 6 l/min ECBF vs 886 [658–979] ml/m2 at 4 l/min ECBF, p < 0.001; and 955 [817–1140] ml/m2 at 2 l/min ECBF, p < 0.001). In patients with severe ARDS managed with V-V ECMO, increasing ECBF alters the thermodilution curve, resulting in unreliable measurements of EVLWI and ITBVI. German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00021050). Registered 14/08/2018. https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00021050