bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validity and Reliability of Four Parent/Patient–Reported Outcome Measures for Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Remote Monitoring
Authors: van Dijkhuizen E. H. Pieter , Ridella Francesca , Naddei Roberta , Trincianti Chiara , Avrusin Ilia , Mazzoni Marta , Sutera Diana , Ayaz Nuray Aktay , Penades Inmaculada Calvo , Constantin Tamas , Herlin Troels , Oliveira Sheila K. , Rygg Marite , Sanner Helga , Susic Gordana , Sztajnbok Flavio , Varbanova Boriana , Ruperto Nicolino , Ravelli Angelo , Consolaro Alessandro ,   for the Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation (PRINTO)
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveThe aim of this work was to provide evidence of validity and reliability for 4 parent/child–reported outcome measures included in the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology juvenile idiopathic arthritis core domain set: the evaluation of the child's pain and level of disease activity, the assessment of morning stiffness duration, and an active joint count for proxy/self‐assessment.MethodsPatients were included in the multinational study Epidemiology Treatment and Outcome of Childhood Arthritis. Criterion validity was assessed by examining the correlation of the 4 tested measures with physician measures and the clinical Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score in 10 joints (cJADAS10) in the whole sample and after grouping patients by International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) category, geographic area, and education level. Reliability was assessed comparing 2 visits 7–14 days apart with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).ResultsA total of 8,643 parents and 6,060 patients had all the evaluations available. Correlations of tested measures were moderate (0.4–0.7) with physician‐reported measures. The level of correlation with the cJADAS10 remained stable after grouping patients by ILAR category, geographic areas, and level of education of the parent filling the questionnaire. In 442 parents and 344 children, ICCs ranged between 0.79 and 0.87 for parents and 0.81 and 0.88 for children.ConclusionThe 4 tested parent/child–reported outcomes showed good criterion validity and excellent reliability. These tools can be considered for remote patient assessment, when in‐person evaluation might not be possible.
In Situ Synthesized 2D Covalent Organic Framework Nanosheets Induce Growth of High‐Quality Perovskite Film for Efficient and Stable Solar Cells
Authors: He Jun , Liu Hongli , Zhang Fei , Li Xianggao , Wang Shirong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPoor crystallinity of perovskite and extensive defects around grain boundaries are the acknowledged hindrances to obtaining high efficiency and long‐term stability for organic metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, a 2D covalent organic framework (2D COF) nanosheets, [(TPA)1(TPhT)1]CN, is first in situ synthesized in a PbI2 layer with a highly crystalline structure to precisely regulate the crystallization process of perovskite in the sequential deposition method. The existence of 2D COF nanosheets can decelerate intermolecular interdiffusion and induce perovskite crystals to grow along (110) planes with enlarged grain size. Meanwhile, 2D COF nanosheets distributed around the grain boundaries reduce the defect density and promote carriers transporting in the perovskite film. The superior properties of the perovskite film afford the champion PSC device with a power conversion efficiency of 22.04%, which is over 10% higher than the control device. Moreover, the target PSC also demonstrates outstanding long‐term stability. It can maintain over 90% of its initial value after 90 days storage in ambient conditions for unencapsulated devices. This work paves a new path for regulating the crystallization process of perovskites via 2D crystalline materials.
Magnetically Responsive Superhydrophobic Surfaces for Microdroplet Manipulation
Authors: Zhan Yanlong , Yu Sirong , Amirfazli Alidad , Siddiqui Abdul Rahim , Li Wen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMagnetically responsive surfaces have received increasing attention because of their convenience, immediate response, remote controllability, and well biocompatibility. A facile way is designed to prepare magnetically responsive superhydrophobic surfaces by one‐step spray coating coupled with magnetic induction. These surfaces with responsive properties can find applications in liquids manipulation. The influences of different Fe3O4 content on the surface morphology and wettability are investigated. The unidirectional, bidirectional, random‐path, and inclined surfaces microdroplet manipulation in an active, noncontact, and fast manner is demonstrated on the prepared surfaces. The model of microdroplet manipulation is established, and its mechanism is explained. Moreover, manipulation of different volumes and different types of microdroplets including water droplets and normal saline is realized. Such magnetically responsive superhydrophobic surfaces not only provide new approach for low‐loss droplet manipulation and transportation but also develop new ways for the realization of programmable and intelligent microfluidic systems.
Edge‐Rich Multidimensional Frame Carbon as High‐Performance Electrode Material for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Deng Qi , HuangYang Xiao‐Yi , Zhang Xin , Xiao Zhi‐Hong , Zhou Wei‐Bin , Wang Hong‐Rui , Liu Hong‐Yi , Zhang Feng , Li Chang‐Zhu , Wu Xiong‐Wei , Guo Yu‐Guo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe low electrocatalytic activity of pristine graphite felt (GF) electrodes toward V(II)/V(III) and V(IV)/V(V) redox couples is a major concern in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). For overcoming this challenge, herein a novel composite electrode is proposed comprising of two components: multidimensional frame carbon (MFC) derived from edge‐rich carbon and GF that serves as the frame for the in situ growth of MFC. The high electrocatalytic activity, rapid charge migration, and reduced local current emanating from the 0D, 2D, and 3D coexistent structures of the MFC material, respectively, enhance the performance of the GF. Consequently, the battery assembled using the MFC GF electrode achieves a maximum current density of 500 mA cm−2, along with high stability and preeminent energy efficiency at a current density of 200 mA cm−2 for over 400 cycles. For the first time via density functional theory analysis on VRFBs, this study reveals that the edge‐rich carbon atoms possess higher electrocatalytic activity in both positive and negative electrolytes than the plane carbon atoms and heteroatoms. Therefore, this study is of immense significance in guiding and promoting the application of edge‐rich carbon in the battery‐based energy storage industry.
How optimizing application of coated controlled‐release urea affects crop yield in China
Authors: Zou Hongtao , Ba Chuang , Hou Zhanhan , Guo Ningxi , Yang Ming , Sun Di 
Published: January 2022

AbstractApplication of coated controlled‐release urea (CRU) has been widely recognized as an effective measure to improve crop yield while alleviating N fertilizer–induced environmental consequences. However, the overall effect of CRU on crop yield across field sites remains uncertain, especially for CRU applied at a reduced rate and frequency or blended with urea. Here, we applied a meta‐analysis approach to address these issues. Our results indicated that applying CRU at an equal N rate significantly increased crop yield by 9.2% compared with conventional urea. The increase in crop yield was positively correlated with soil organic matter content and with the N release period of CRU but negatively correlated with mean annual temperature. However, reducing CRU application times brought a smaller yield increase (7.0%), although it could save labor and mechanical cost. Moreover, lowering CRU‐N application rate had no significant effect on crop yield, mainly due to the reduced application frequency. This effect can be further weakened with the decreasing CRU‐N application rate. In contrast, one‐time application of a CRU‐urea blend still exhibited superior efficiency, with a 9.8% increase in crop yield. Our findings showed that there existed a trade‐off between the saving of CRU input cost and crop yield gain. However, a win‐win scenario that attains more yield increase while saving input cost can be achieved through one‐time application of a CRU‐urea blend.
Mixing characteristics for the single and air‐water two‐phase flows in miniaturized parallel multichannel‐based devices
Authors: Mondal Somen , Majumder Subrata Kumar 
Published: January 2022

AbstractInvestigation on the miniaturized parallel multichannel‐based devices packed with glass beads to improve the mass exchange execution is the critical focal point of the current study. One of the essential parameters to specify the miniaturized devices' flow distribution is the residence time distribution (RTD). In the present context, the RTDs of a liquid tracer were investigated for the air‐water multiphase flows (concurrent) across the multichannel‐based miniaturized devices (comprising of 11 similar dimensional parallel channels). The devices were variable in height and packed with glass beads. The conductivity estimations generated the RTD curves and were addressed by the axial dispersion model (ADM). The fluid‐flow rates differed within the range of 5–23 ml min−1. The axial dispersion coefficients and the rate of the specific energy dispersion were investigated. The effects of pressure difference and geometry on the hydrodynamic attributes and mixing properties were well‐illustrated, and the new correlations were suggested.
Rheokinematics for product development—Formulation screening in rotational rheometers
Authors: Brito Margarida S. C. A. , Matos Joana , Torres Marina V. L. , Fonte Claudio P. , Dias Madalena M. , Lopes José Carlos B. , Santos Ricardo J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractProduct formulations for industrial processes are typically developed at laboratory scale. However, the mixing conditions are not easily mimicked in the laboratory. A rotational device is proposed in this study as a fast laboratory‐scale formulation development, which enables mimicking the mixing conditions in the industrial process. The geometrical configurations of the rotational device are from rheometry devices (plate‐plate and cone‐plate). The main advantages of this method are the small amounts of raw materials and shorter testing times. This methodology is applied to an industrial case study, the reaction injection molding (RIM) process. The mixing length scales evolution in the rotational rheometer were matched to those in RIM machines. The main novelty of this study is the introduction of a protocol that bridges the processing conditions at laboratory using small amounts of raw materials to high throughput continuous flow reactors.
Growth charts for Mexican children with Down syndrome
Authors: Flores Arizmendi Karla Adney , García De La Puente Silvestre , González Navarro Mauricio , Bonillo Suarez Lelia , De León Becerra Ana Gabriela , Valderrama Hernández Alejandro , Santos Ríos Rubi , Altamirano Bustamante Nelly 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe present the results of a prospective, observational, descriptive, cross‐sectional study performed on a Mexican population of 1867 children, aged 0–18 years, with Down syndrome (DS), observed between 2013 and 2019. A total of 9968 measurements of height, weight, and head circumference, as well as calculation of body mass index (BMI) were used to create growth charts and tables of percentiles. Growth curves were elaborated using Cole's LMS method. The mean weight and length at birth did not differ by sex: the weight was 2750 g for boys and 2710 g for girls (p > 0.05), and the length was 48.2 cm for boys and 47.9 cm for girls (p > 0.05). The mean final height at 18 years was different by sex: 149.6 cm for boys and 141.2 cm for girls. The average BMI at 18 years was 24.2 kg/m2 for boys and 21.9 kg/m2 for girls. In a comparison with U.S. growth charts, we find that the Mexican population has lower height and weight. These are the first growth curves for the Mexican population with DS. They can be used by health care providers to optimize preventive care by monitoring children with DS for the early identification of factors that affect individual growth.
Development of an elastomeric resin for digital light processing printing
Authors: Drury Ryan , Sencadas Vitor , Alici Gursel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSoft pneumatic actuators are ideal for soft robotic applications due to their innate compliance and high power‐weight ratios, but their design is limited by the lack of suitable stretchable materials. In this study, a new highly elastic resin for digital light projection 3D printers, designated ElastAMBER, is prepared from a di‐functional polyether urethane acrylate oligomer, and a blend of two different diluent monomers. ElastAMBER exhibits a viscosity of 1000 mPa s at 40°C, outperforming previously synthesized elastic resins and allowing easy printing at near room temperatures. The 3D‐printed components present an elastomeric behavior with a maximum extension ratio (λ) of 4.02 ± 0.06, ultimate tensile strength of 1.23 ± 0.09 MPa, low hysteresis, and negligible viscoelastic relaxation. Its application in linear soft pneumatic actuators has been demonstrated using a bellows‐like construction. ElastAMBER shows promise for creating intrinsically capacitive sensing actuators, displaying a strong correlation between actuator displacement and capacitance. The developed 3D printable ElastAMBER can find potential applications in sensors and actuators for many soft robotic and human‐machine interface applications.
Real‐time data‐driven PID controller for multivariable process employing deep neural network
Authors: Jeyaraj Pandia Rajan , Nadar Edward Rajan Samuel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe complex industrial processes exhibiting nonstationary and multivariable with time‐varying dynamics result in low accuracy. Also, stability compensation is difficult to be obtained by a conventional PID controller. Hence, a deep learning‐based data‐driven PID controller is designed for unmodeled dynamics compensation for complex industrial processes. In this research work, a nonlinear PID controller is designed with a deep neural network (DNN) model from unmodeled dynamics of the complex industrial processes. To validate the performance, results from stability compensation and convergence of the model parameters for closed‐loop systems were obtained. When tested on a real‐time twin tank system, it achieved an accurate output flowrate with 97.65% accuracy and 1.89% peak overshoot compared with conventional PID controller. Both simulated and experimental results validate that proposed controller has improved stability and uniform convergence of system variables. The proposed deep learning‐based PID controller was employed on a twin tank control system. This confirms the feasibility and practical application of a real‐time complex process.
A prediction for the 25th solar cycle maximum amplitude
Authors: Brajša Roman , Verbanac Giuli , Bandić Mario , Hanslmeier Arnold , Skokić Ivica , Sudar Davor 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe minimum–maximum method, belonging to the precursor class of the solar activity forecasting methods, is based on a linear relationship between relative sunspot number in the minimum and maximum epochs of solar cycles. In the present analysis, we apply a modified version of this method using data not only from the minimum year, but also from a couple of years before and after the minimum. The revised 13‐month smoothed monthly total sunspot number data set from Sunspot Index and Long‐term Solar Observations/SIDC is used. Using data for solar cycle nos. 1–24 the largest correlation coefficient () is obtained when correlating activity level 3 years before solar cycle minimum with the subsequent maximum (), independent of inclusion or exclusion of the solar cycle no. 19. For the next solar maximum of the cycle no. 25, we predict: . Our results indicate that the next solar maximum (of the cycle no. 25) will be of the similar amplitude as the previous one, or even something lower. This is in accordance with the general middle‐term lowering of the solar activity after the secular maximum in the 20th century and consistent with the Gleissberg period of the solar activity. The reliability of the “3 years before the minimum” predictor is experimentally justified by the largest CC and verified with the Student t‐test. It is satisfactorily explained with the two empirical well‐known findings: the extended solar cycle and the Waldmeier effect. Finally, we successfully reproduced the maxima of the last four solar cycles, nos. 21–25, using the 3 years before the minimum method.
Treatments for automatically reinforced vocal stereotypy for individuals with autism spectrum disorder: A literature and meta‐analytic review
Authors: Mantzoros Theoni , McCoy Ashley R. , Lee David L. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIndividuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder may engage in repetitive vocal behaviors which interfere with a structured environment and social inclusion. If untreated, these vocal behaviors maintain into adulthood potentially impeding gainful employment and independent living. This analysis specifically focused on treatments available for presumed or functionally determined automatically reinforced repetitive vocal behaviors, also known as vocal stereotypy. For this review, a systematic keyword search of the literature identified 66 articles and a Tau‐U measure of effect size was calculated for 34 eligible studies in order to determine impact of interventions on vocal stereotypy. Of the single‐component interventions assessed, three interventions demonstrated a very large effect: interactive activity (0.94), self‐management (0.89), and response interruption and redirection (interrupted measurement, 0.86). Additionally, 92% of treatment packages reached a very large effect (0.85–1.00), all of which included stimulus control and/or response cost intervention components. Theoretical and practical applications are discussed, as well as implications for future research.
Determination of seed content in red pepper powders by 1H NMR and second‐derivative FT‐IR spectroscopy combined with statistical analyses
Authors: Choi Yuri , Hong Junyoung , Kim Byung Hee , Ahn Sangdoo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study focuses on discriminating the seed content in red pepper powders using 1H NMR and second‐derivative FT‐IR Spectroscopy with canonical discriminant and multiple linear regression analyses. We used 165 test samples prepared by varying the seed content for spectroscopic analyses. The canonical discriminant functions derived from 21 peak variables were used to properly discriminate the red pepper powder samples based on their seed content with a 97.6% hit ratio. Additionally, we observed an average error of 7.0% while discriminating 42 blind samples. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to directly determine the seed content of new samples without running a statistical program. The best regression model constructed with only two variables showed an average error of 6.2% when applied to the blind samples. These results verify the feasibility of using 1H NMR and FT‐IR Spectroscopy with statistical analyses to determine the seed content in red pepper powders.
The origin of fast‐charging lithium iron phosphate for batteries
Authors: Hadouchi Mohammed , Koketsu Toshinari , Hu Zhiwei , Ma Jiwei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSince the report of electrochemical activity of LiFePO4 from Goodenough's group in 1997, it has attracted considerable attention as cathode material of choice for lithium‐ion batteries. It shows excellent performance such as the high‐rate capability, long cyclability, and improved safety. Furthermore, the raw materials cost of LiFePO4 are lower and abundant compared with conventional Li‐ion battery oxides compounds. The lithium extraction from LiFePO4 operates as biphase mechanism accompanied by a relatively large volume change of ∼6.8%, even though, nanosized LiFePO4 shows exceptionally high‐rate capability during cycling. In the aim to explain this remarkable feature, recent reports using cutting‐edge techniques, such as in situ high‐resolution synchrotron X‐ray diffraction, explained that the origin of the observed high‐rate performance in nanosized LiFePO4 is the absence of phase separation during battery operation at high current densities. In this review, the importance of understanding lithium insertion mechanisms towards explaining the significantly fast‐charging performance of LiFePO4 electrode is highlighted. In particular, phase separation mechanisms, are unclear and deserve considerable attention. Several proposed models for Li diffusion and phase separation in LiFePO4 are summarized. In addition, the crystallographic aspects, defect structures of LiFePO4 are also reviewed. Finally, the status of development of other olivine‐type LiMPO4 (M = Co, Mn, and Ni) are summarized.
Successful one‐stage operation for type B acute intramural hematoma with descending aortic rupture
Authors: Furuta Akihisa , Morimoto Hironobu , Mukai Shogo , Futagami Daisuke , Kitaura Junya 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA 76‐year‐old man who complained of back pain was referred to our hospital. Computed tomography revealed an intramural hematoma with a descending aortic rupture. Total arch replacement with the frozen elephant trunk technique and thoracic endovascular aortic repair was performed emergently in one stage. The patient was discharged without symptoms.
Mechanically strong and folding‐endurance Ti3C2Tx MXene/PBO nanofiber films for efficient electromagnetic interference shielding and thermal management
Authors: Wang Lei , Ma Zhonglei , Zhang Yali , Qiu Hua , Ruan Kunpeng , Gu Junwei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractElectromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with excellent flexibility and mechanical properties and outstanding thermal conductivity have become a hot topic of research in functional composites. In this study, the “sol–gel‐film conversion technique” is used to assemble polyetherimide‐functionalized Ti3C2Tx nanosheets (f‐Ti3C2Tx) with poly(p‐phenylene‐2,6‐benzobisoxazole) (PBO) nanofibers (PNFs), followed by dialysis and vacuum drying to prepare f‐Ti3C2Tx/PNF films with lamellar structures. When the loading of f‐Ti3C2Tx is 70 wt%, the f‐Ti3C2Tx/PNF film presents optimal comprehensive properties, with an EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of 35 dB and a specific SE/thickness ((SSE, SE/density)/t) of 8211 dB cm2/g, a tensile strength of 125.1 MPa, an in‐plane thermal conductivity coefficient (λ) of 5.82 W/(m K), and electrical conductivity of 1943 S/m. After repeated folding for 10,000 cycles, the EMI SE and the tensile strength of f‐Ti3C2Tx/PNFs films still remain 33.4 dB and 116.1 MPa, respectively. Additionally, the f‐Ti3C2Tx/PNF film also shows excellent thermal stability, flame retardancy, and structural stability. This would provide a novel method for the design and fabrication of multifunctional composite films and considerably expand the applications of MXene‐ and PNF‐based composites in the fields of EMI shielding and thermal management.