bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pediatric Battery-Related Emergency Department Visits in the United States: 2010–2019
Authors: Chandler Mark D. , Ilyas Khudeja , Jatana Kris R. , Smith Gary A. , McKenzie Lara B. , MacKay J. Morag 
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVES
To describe the epidemiology of battery-related emergency department (ED) visits among children aged &lt;18 years in the United States from 2010 to 2019 and compare with previous study findings.

METHODS
Data on ED visits were obtained from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System. Using narrative descriptions and diagnosis codes, battery-related cases were coded into four exposure routes: (1) ingestion, (2) mouth exposure, (3) ear insertion, and (4) nasal insertion.

RESULTS
An estimated 70 322 (95% confidence interval: 51 275–89 369) battery-related ED visits among children aged &lt;18 years occurred during the study period, or 9.5 per 100 000 children annually. Button batteries were implicated in 84.7% of visits where battery type was described. A statistically significant increase in the ED visit rate occurred from 2010 to 2017 (P = .03), followed by a nonstatistically significant decrease from 2017 to 2019. The ED visit rate was highest among children aged ≤5 years compared with those 6 to 17 years (24.5 and 2.2 per 100 000 children, respectively). The mean patient age was 3.2 years (95% confidence interval: 2.9–3.4). Ingestions accounted for 90.0% of ED visits, followed by nasal insertions (5.7%), ear insertions (2.5%), and mouth exposures (1.8%).

CONCLUSIONS
Pediatric battery-related ED visit rates continued to significantly increase from 2010 to 2017, with children aged ≤5 years having the highest rates. Prevention efforts have not significantly reduced injury rates; therefore, regulatory efforts are needed. Ultimately, hazard reduction or elimination through safer button battery design is critical and should be adopted by the battery industry.
Influence of alloying (Cr, Fe, Ni) on the corrosion resistance of layers formed by electron-beam processing
Authors: Bushueva Evdokiya , Turlo Evgeniy , Kladieva Evgeniya , Sulyaeva Veronica , Pukhova Elizaveta 
Published: August 2022

The paper presents the results of comparative analysis of the properties of coatings based on chromium, nickel and iron borides. The alloy obtained in the process of electron-beam surfacing of the powder mixture “amorphous boron – 10 wt.% chromium” has the best properties. This is explained by the structures, fine chromium borides Cr2B and complex iron borides (Fe, Cr)2B, distributed in the austenitic matrix. The material modified in this way in a nitric acid solution corrodes at a rate of 0.02 mm/year. In sulfuric acid, its corrosion rate is 0.81 mm/year.
Clinical study of the management of scrotal swelling in adult patients at a rural medical college and research hospital
Authors: S. Kailashnath B. , Mohan Ambikavathy , P. Akshatha A. 
Published: August 2022

Background: Scrotal swellings are commonest clinical entities in surgical practice. Hydrocele is abnormal collection of serous fluid in the tunica vaginalis or any part of the processus vaginalis, which needs to be differentiated from other conditions and surgically managed. Methods: This prospective, observational study was carried out on 90 adult male patients between January 2021 to August 2021 diagnosed with scrotal swelling, admitted, treated at MVJMC and RH. Inclusion criteria were male patients of age >18 years. Exclusion criteria were patients with paediatric scrotal swellings. Routine blood investigations, COVID test and ultrasound of the scrotum was done. The patients underwent one of the standard surgical procedures and were observed for post-operative complications during their stay at the hospital and were followed up for 3 months. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS-21 software.Results: Collected data was analysed using SPSS-21. In our study hydrocele was seen in 48 (53.33%), epididymo-orchitis 5 (5.56%). 3 (3.33%) cases of varicocele, 2 (2.22%) cases of epididymal cyst and 1 (1.11%) each of sebaceous cyst, spermatocele, hematocele, sebaceous cyst, Fournier’s gangrene, infected encysted hydrocele, pyocele, scrotal abscess and filarial hydrocele. 2 (2.22%) testicular tumour and 21 (23.86%) testicular torsion. Of 90 patients 81 (90%) underwent surgery, while 9 (10%) patients were managed conservatively.Conclusions: Primary vaginal hydrocele was the commonest scrotal swelling. Ultrasound of the scrotum is diagnostic tool in differentiating from other swellings in the scrotum especially in testicular torsion when the testis can be saved. Jaboulay’s procedure was the commonest surgery performed with least complications.
Syringe needle-cap use as novel, static, uni-planar or bi-planar, mini-external fixator for treatment of intra-condylar phalangeal fractures
Authors: Pandey Vijay Kumar , Kaundal Rakesh 
Published: August 2022

Background: Comminuted intra-articular phalanx fractures are complicated injuries often treated with external ﬁxation. Syringe needle- cap can be an excellent mini-external ﬁxators because they are radiolucent, readily available, inexpensive, simple, safe and easy to use. Our cases received a novel treatment in the form a syringe needle-cap/mini external fixator that was originally placed in static mode for 3 weeks and then later removed in OPD visit to a dynamic-mode of ROM to allow rehabilitation of the PIPJ/DIPJ. Our cases illustrates the power and utility of this ‘static’ uniplanar or biplanar stable technique to treat intra-condylar phalanx fractures and achieved good functional recovery of finger.Methods: This was a prospective case study covering period from January 2021 to May 2022 at department of plastic surgery, Command Hospital, Chandimandir, Panchkula, Haryana, India. 10 young male patients were presented with intra-articular fractures of phalanx. All patients had undergone pre-operative and post procedure X-rays for evaluation. A static external ﬁxator consisting of a uniplanar or biplanar 2 ml syringe needle-cap and 0.8mm small size (3-4 cm) Kirschner wires as an optimal ﬁxator across the fractured joint. K-wires were removed in OPD visit after 3 weeks to dynamize the ROM of affected joint of finger post-operatively.Results: 10 male patients were studied with average age of 28 years. 06 of them are intra-condylar fractures at PIP joints and rest are intra-articular fractures. After 3 weeks, we removed this fixator device and started controlled physiotherapy. End results notified in our study were achievement of good functional recovery of finger ROM at 3 months follow up.Conclusions: Syringe needle-cap use as mini-external ﬁxation should be considered as a novel tool in the treatment of comminuted intra-articular phalangeal fracture.
Study of efficacy of skin grafting in healing lower extremity ulcers in a rural tertiary care hospital
Authors: P. Akshatha A. , Mohan Ambikavathy , S. Kailashnath B. 
Published: August 2022

Background: Ulcers are discontinuity of skin/mucous membrane. Chronic ulcers are caused by skin loss that takes long to heal. Skin grafting helps tissue regeneration, hastens healing process. Skin grafts are classified as Split-thickness skin grafts and full-thickness skin grafts. STSG consist of epidermis and some layers of dermis. FTSG consists of epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.Methods: This retrospective and prospective study was conducted on 80 patients diagnosed with healing ulcers of the lower extremity admitted and treated at MVJMC and RH from January 2021-August 2021. Inclusion criteria were patients >18 years, both sexes. Exclusion criteria were patients who were having malignant/TB ulcers and children.Results: Data was analysed using SPSS-21. In our study, healing ulcers were seen in 80 patients, of which 48 (60%) males and 32 (40%) females. 4 (5%) patients had venous ulcers, 5 (6.25%) varicose ulcers, 10 (12.5%) post burn ulcers, 22 (27.5%) traumatic ulcers, 6 (7.5%) amputated stump and 33 (41.25%) diabetic foot ulcers. STSG 70 (87.5%) and FTSG 10 (12.5%). The uptake was 70-80% in 11 (13.75%), 80-90% in 20 (25%), 90-99% in 24 (30%) and 100% in 25 (31.25%). Complications observed 4 (5%) infections, 5 (6.25%) no graft uptake and 77 (88.75%) had no complications.Conclusions: Although FTSG can be offered in some cases, STGS is the gold standard in terms of efficacy for healing ulcers. Outcome of the graft depends not only on type of graft also on quality of recipient bed. Skin grafting improves the quality of life in reducing pain.
Knowledge, attitude and perception on breast cancer awareness among paramedical workers
Authors: P. Akila , Esther Blessy , Ambekar Rahul 
Published: August 2022

Background: The projected incidence of patients with cancer in India among females was 712,758 (103.6 per 100,000) for the year 2020. 1 in 29 females will develop cancer during their lifetime (0-74 years of age).Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted using a self-administered questionnaire distributed among 392 Registered nurses in a community care hospital. Totally 130 nursing staffs gave consent and were eligible for the study having work experience of more than one year.Results: Total 83 (63%) of study participants belonged to 21-30 years. 113 (86%) thinks breast cancer is a public health problem. 80 (61.5%) thinks breast lump is a most common sign of breast cancer. 121 (93.07%) heard of breast self-examination and 126 (96.9%) thinks it is a useful tool for early detection of breast cancer. 82 (63.07%) said BSE should be done monthly. 114 (87.6%) has been taught how to do BSE. We found 113 (86.9%) has got satisfactory score and average score is 4.67. P value 0.44 when scores of people with breast cancer in their families are compared to people without a positive family history.Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it was discovered that the low levels of practise were closely related to the lack of awareness of breast cancer screening and the willing to practise breast self-examination. An Indian woman disregards clinical breast examination. By creating awareness, we can reduce the occurrence and death rates from this illness.
Partial double-pruning after bloom delays bunch rot epidemics in <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L. cvs. Riesling and Pinot gris
Authors: Molitor Daniel , Schultz Mareike , Dam Doriane , Pallez-Barthel Marine , Friedel Matthias , Beyer Marco 
Published: August 2022

Bunch rot caused by Botrytis cinerea is a major fungal disease in grapevines. Under humid climatic conditions, bunch rot development on grapes cannot be completely suppressed and bunch rot control strategies mainly aim to delay the epidemic. In the present study, we investigated the potential of the innovative cultural practice “partial double-pruning after bloom (PDP)” to delay the bunch rot epidemic on Pinot gris and Riesling cultivars over five consecutive seasons (2016-2020) in Remich/Luxembourg. Control vines were pruned at winter to one 10-node fruiting cane per vine, while in PDP, two 10-node fruiting canes per vine were kept; one of the two canes was removed at BBCH 73 (2-3 weeks after bloom).In all the 10 cultivar*year combinations, the bunch rot disease severity at the final assessment date (shortly before harvest) was lower in PDP than in the control. This reduction was significant (P £ 0.05) in 7 of the 10 cultivar*year combinations. PDP significantly delayed the date when 5 % disease severity was reached; in data pooled over the five years this delay ranged between 10.3 (Pinot gris) and 8.3 days (Riesling). The proportion of non-marketable fruit was significantly reduced by 41 % (Pinot gris) and 53 % (Riesling). Total yield per plant was reduced by 10 % (Pinot gris) and 19 % (Riesling), with a significant increase in total soluble solids at harvest in the case of Riesling. An additional evaluation in the year 2020 revealed reduced cluster compactness in PDP for both cultivars.PDP turned out to be an innovative, efficient, reliable and relatively cost-efficient cultural practice to delay the bunch rot epidemic in grapes. It can be integrated as one module into the best practice strategy to control bunch rot and contributes to pesticide reduction in viticulture.
The Evaluation of Using Bio Activators Based on Rumen Content of Dry Matter, Organic Matter, and Crude Protein on Oil Palm Fronds as Ruminant Feed
Authors: Astuti Tri , Akbar Syahro Ali , Afriani Delsi , Rofiq M. Nasir Rofiq , Basyirun Fajri 
Published: August 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of using rumen content bioactivators with the addition of different energy sources on nutrient content, fiber fraction content, and energy estimation in palm leaves and midribs that will be used as feed ingredients for ruminants. Factorial completely randomized design 2x4 with 4 replications for each treatment was used in this study. Factor A is the source of the rumen contents, where A1 = Cattle rumen, A2 = Buffalo rumen. Factor B is a microbial energy supply; B1 = Molasses, B2 = Molasses + palm frond extract, B3 = Molasses + palm leaf extract, B4 = Molasses + palm frond and leaf extract. Parameters observed were dry matter content, organic matter, crude protein. The results of the variance analysis showed that there was no interaction (P> 0.05) between the source of rumen content and the type of microbial energy supply. The dry matter content of palm fronds is not affected by the source of the rumen content of cows or buffaloes. The source of the rumen content based on cattle or buffaloes have no effect on the dry matter content of palm fronds.
Keywords: Bioactivator, oil palm frond, ruminant.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PENALARAN MATEMATIS SISWA PADA MATERI BARISAN DAN DERET ARITMATIKA
Authors: Luti Atrina , Setiawan Beni , Delila Pentaugus Tetrosa 
Published: August 2022

Latar belakang dari penelitian ini adalah kesalahan siswa dalam penalaran matematis pada materi barisan dan deret aritmatika di kelas XI IIS Sma Joseph Khatulistiwa. Dari hasil yang sudah diamati oleh peneliti salah satu penyebabnya kesalahan siswa dalam mengerjakan soal tes uraian yaitu kurangnya penalaran matematis siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis penalaran matematis siswa dalam mengerjakan soal matematika, untuk menjelaskan hambatan-hambatan penalaran matematis siswa dan untuk mengatasi faktor penghambat penalaran matematis siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu 9 siswa Sma Joseph Khatulistiwa. Insterumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan soal tes uraian sebanyak 3 soal siswa SMA kelas XI IPS. Ada 3 cara uuntuk menganalisis data yaitu dengan mengumpulkan hasil tes uraian. Pengumpulan data dengan cara menghubungkan pengerjaan soal tes penalaran matematis siswa. Untuk mengetahui kesalahan siswa menggunakan materi barisan dan deret aritmatika. Hasil tes penelitian ini akan menggunakan indikator dari penalaran matematis yaitu: (a) menarik sebuah kesimpulan, (b) menentukan pola. Dari hasil tes menunjukan tidak ada siswa yang dapat menjawab denga tepat. Dengan menggunakan indikator pedoman kesalahan Newman, hal ini siswa belum dapat memahami dari suatu soal dan belum dapat berpikir secara logis
An ATP-free packaging of T4 DNA
Authors: Hara Seiko , Koike Isao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Packaging of viral DNA into a capsid with the liquid crystalline density is a crucial step in viral reproduction. The DNA packaging with the ATP fueled molecular motor is an established viral DNA packaging system. However, the velocity and the efficiency are not well matched with in vivo processes. On the other hand, DNA compacts with the conformational change by multivalent cations exclusively of the valences higher than three. The conformational change of DNA was not considered as the vehicle of DNA packaging of viruses. Here, T4 DNA, ejected from a capsid in the ambient concentration of phosphate corresponding to the intra-cell concentration, is packaged into the capsid when the phosphate concentration decreases to the extra-cell concentration in the coexistence with divalent cations, Ca2+ and Mg2+. The compaction and packaging process coincide with the conformational change of DNA. Divalent cations can compact T4 DNA when the counter anion is phosphate. The DNA-packaged and re-generated virions showed equivalent infective ability with the original populations. Fluorescent microscopy distinguished the conformational changes of DNA between compact forms and coil forms. Packaged- or unpackaged-DNA were confirmed enzymatically. Pfu was used as the measure of infectious ability of virions. The concentration of ATP was measured by the luminometric method. The packaging is proceeded in pM or lower concentration of ATP. This is a new packaging process of viral DNA practically free from ATP into which conformational change of DNA is incorporated. The results may provide new interpretations of the life cycle of T4.
Data analysis and research reveal the reasons why China still adheres to its “dynamic zero-COVID policy”
Authors: Dai Yeyu Freddie , Dai Bingxi Gabriel 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
China has been attacked by its largest outbreaks of COVID-19 since March. Pervasive arguments about prevention policy arose among people in China and around the world. Complete and accurate statistical analyzes of cases of contraction with SARS-CoV-2 in China are given under the conditions of strict mandatory quarantine and isolation, and of a high rate of full vaccination. This study reveals the essential reasons why China has been and will be adhering to its “dynamic zero-COVID policy” which stands in contrast to a global trend towards easing restrictions and attempting to co-exist with the circulating virus, including choice uniqueness, difference of case symptomatic rates, unpredictability of transmission, worries of burden to medical system, successful reducing to zero the number of each active chain of transmission, and outstanding economy achievements, etc. This study may bring new thoughts for correction of present epidemiological theory and mathematical models, as well as new theoretical supports for the prevention policy making. It may also give other countries time to be better prepared for the coming 6th wave driven by Omicron variant.
Time series to imaging based deep learning model for detecting abnormal fluctuation in agriculture product price
Authors: Wentao Jiang , Zhang Dabin , Ling Liwen , Cai Guotao , Zeng Liling 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In the analysis of agricultural product price time series, the detection of abnormal fluctuation is the primary task. Accurately judging the abnormal fluctuation of agricultural product prices will give the policy support to the government and also assist farmers increase production and income. A deep convolutional neural network model based on time series image(TSI) is introduced to identify the abnormal fluctuation of agricultural prices under the improved standard deviation-Slope judgment. Markov Transfer Field(MTF) method is used to transform the pre-processed sparse one-dimensional time series of agricultural prices into two-dimensional dense images, and a deep convolutional neural network(CNN) model is used for automatic feature extraction and classification of time series images containing abnormal fluctuations. The empirical evaluation of China's corn and wheat price datasets are performed in our paper, and compared with other abnormal fluctuation judgment methods, the accuracy of the proposed algorithm is about 20% higher on average, which confirms the applicability of the standard deviation-slope time series Image-Resnet-34 (SDS-TSI-Resnet34) model in practical scenarios. Finally, some feasible suggestions for the efficient development of agricultural economy are proposed based on the abnormal fluctuation judgment method proposed in this paper.
Harm reduction behaviors are associated with carrying naloxone among patients on methadone treatment
Authors: Kozak Zofia , Ciccarone Daniel , Thrul Johannes , Cole Thomas , Pappas Alexander , Greenblatt Aaron D. , Welsh Christopher , Yoon Mark , Gann Donald , Artigiani Erin , Wish Eric , Belcher Annabelle M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Despite the widespread availability of naloxone, U.S. opioid overdose rates continue to rise. The “Cascade of Care” (CoC) is a public health approach that identifies steps in achieving specific outcomes and has been used to identify gaps in naloxone carry among individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). We sought to apply this framework to a treatment-seeking population with OUD that may be more inclined to engage in harm reduction behaviors.Methods: Patients were recruited from an urban methadone program to complete a survey. We assessed naloxone familiarity, availability, obtainability, training, and possession, as well as naloxone carry rates, demographics, and harm reduction behaviors. A multivariable logistic regression examined associations between naloxone carry and individual-level factors.Results: Participants (n=97) were majority male (59%), with a mean age of 48 (SD=12), 27% had college education or higher, 64% indicated injection drug use, and 84% reported past naloxone training. All participants endorsed familiarity with naloxone, but only 42% regularly carried naloxone. The following variables were associated with carrying naloxone: white race (aOR=4.00, 95% CI 1.25-12.78), lower education (aOR=0.33, 95% CI 0.12-0.95), history of naloxone training (aOR=5.16, 95% CI 1.08-24.74), and total number of self-reported harm reduction behaviors (aOR=1.55, 95% CI 1.05-2.30).Conclusion: We found low rates of naloxone carry among methadone-treated patients. Methadone programs provide opportunities for naloxone interventions and should target racial/ethnic minorities, individuals with lower education, and those who have not received naloxone training. The spectrum of harm reduction behaviors should be encouraged among these populations to enhance naloxone carry.
Deep learning-derived cardiovascular age shares a genetic basis with other cardiac phenotypes
Authors: Libiseller-Egger Julian , Phelan Jody , Attia Zachi , Benavente Ernest Diez , Campino Susana , Friedman Paul , Lopez-Jimenez Francisco , Leon David , Clark Taane 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI)-based approaches can now use electrocardiograms (ECGs) to provide expert-level performance in detecting heart abnormalities and diagnosing disease. Additionally, patient age predicted from ECGs by AI models has shown great potential as a biomarker for cardiovascular age as recent work has found differences from chronological age ("delta age") to be associated with mortality and co-morbidities. However, the genetic underpinning of delta age is unknown, but crucial for understanding underlying individual risk. By performing a genome-wide association study using UK Biobank data (n=34,432), we identified eight loci associated with delta age (p ≤ 5 × 10−8 ), including genes linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) (e.g. SCN5A) and (heart) muscle development (e.g. TTN). Our results indicate that the genetic basis of cardiovascular ageing is predominantly determined by genes directly involved with the cardiovascular system rather than those connected to more general mechanisms of ageing. Our insights inform the epidemiology of CVD, with implications for preventative and precision medicine.