bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technical note: Characterization and practical applications of a novel plastic scintillator for online dosimetry for an ultrahigh dose rate (FLASH)
Authors: Poirier Yannick , Xu Junliang , Mossahebi Sina , Therriault‐Proulx François , Sawant Amit 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurposeAlthough flash radiation therapy (FLASH‐RT) is a promising novel technique that has the potential to achieve a better therapeutic ratio between tumor control and normal tissue complications, the ultrahigh pulsed dose rates (UHPDR) mean that experimental dosimetry is very challenging. There is a need for real‐time dosimeters in the development and implementation of FLASH‐RT. In this work, we characterize a novel plastic scintillator capable of temporal resolution short enough (2.5 ms) to resolve individual pulses.MethodsWe characterized a novel plastic dosimeter for use in a linac converter to deliver 16‐MeV electrons at 100‐Gy/s UHPDR average dose rates. The linearity and reproducibility were established by comparing relative measurements with a pinpoint ionization chamber placed at 10‐cm water‐equivalent depth where the electrometer is not saturated by the high dose per pulse. The accuracy was established by comparing the plastic scintillator dose measurements with EBT‐XD Gafchromic radiochromic films, the current reference dosimeter for UHPDR. Finally, the plastic scintillator was compared against EBT‐XD films for online dosimetry of two in vitro experiments performed at UHPDR.ResultsRelative ion chamber measurements were linear with plastic scintillator response within ≤1% over 4–20 Gy and pulse frequencies (18–180 Hz). When characterized under reference conditions with NIST‐traceability, the plastic scintillator maintained its dose response under UHPDR conditions and agreed with EBT‐XD film dose measurements within 4% under reference conditions and 6% for experimental online dosimetry.ConclusionThe plastic scintillator shows a linear and reproducible response and is able to accurately measure the radiation absorbed dose delivered by 16‐MeV electrons at UHPDR. The dose is measured accurately in real time with a greater level of precision than that achieved with a radiochromic film.
A universal concept for area‐selective assembly of metal oxide core‐shell nanoparticles, nanorods, and organic molecules via amide coupling reactions
Authors: Zubets Uladzislau , Zhao Baolin , Park Hyoungwon , Halik Marcus 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe deposition of nanomaterials (NMs) on substrate is a pertinent for a variety of applications in nanometer‐sized electronics, mechanics, or catalysis. This paper establishes a universal and simple approach for assembly of functionalized metal oxide core nanoparticles (NPs) and nanorods (NRs) on a substrate with uniformity, area‐selectivity, and full order control. Particularly, the aluminium oxide (AlOx) NPs, titanium dioxide (TiO2) NRs, and TiO2 NPs functionalized by self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) molecules are deposited on substrate alternatively layer‐by‐layer. This assembling is performed in solution on the pre‐patterned surface with SAM molecules via amide coupling reactions in order to achieve the reaction‐orthogonality. Moreover, this stacking of inorganic NPs/NRs in a terminated implementation is progressed into latter layer of TiO2 NPs functionalized by 1‐aminopyrene molecules representing an example of hybrid organic‐inorganic formation with fluorescence emission. The deposited layers are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and total internal reflection fluorescence microscope (TIRFM). The significant versatility of stacked metal oxide core‐shell NPs/NRs via based‐solution method represents excellent and efficient applicability in manufacture of hybrid organic–inorganic nanostructure.
Early versus late COVID‐19 Home Health Care patient population: Shifting sociodemographics and comparable outcomes
Authors: Videon Tami M. , Rosati Robert J. , Landers Steven H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEarly in the pandemic when hospitals reached capacity, Home Health Care (HHC) became a critical source of care for COVID‐19 patients and continues to be an important source of care for recovering COVID‐19 patients. Little is known about the COVID‐19 patient population treated in HHC. This retrospective observational cohort follows 1614 HHC patients with a COVID‐19 diagnosis and compares an “Early Cohort” between March 31 and May 31, 2020 to a “Late Cohort” between June 1 and December 31, 2020 for differences in: (1) sociodemographic and clinical characteristics (2) health care utilization, and (3) outcomes. Early patients were younger, more likely to be a minority, referred from hospitals or directly from emergency departments, started their care with greater independence in functional abilities, and had fewer comorbidities. Early patients were more likely to have COVID‐19 as their primary diagnosis (88.5% vs. 79.4%, p < 0.001), and were assessed as having more severe COVID‐19 symptoms. Early and Late Cohorts were assessed similarly for dyspnea at the start of care. COVID‐19 patients in the Early Cohort were more likely to have their vital signs monitored remotely (7.3% vs. 1.4%; p < 0.001), have received oxygen in their home (27.8% vs. 15.3%; p < 0.001), and received more virtual care than patients in the Late Cohort (2.04 visits vs. 0.86 visits; p < 0.001), although they had approximately two fewer total visits (12.48 vs. 14.45; p < 0.001). Patients in both cohorts had substantial improvement in dyspnea and functional ability during the course of HHC.
Proteomic profiling of human bone from different anatomical sites – A pilot study
Authors: Fretwurst Tobias , Tritschler Isabel , Rothweiler René , Nahles Susanne , Altmann Brigitte , Schilling Oliver , Nelson Katja 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurposeThe study aim is a comparative proteome‐based analysis of different autologous bone entities (alveolar bone [AB], iliac cortical [IC] bone, and iliac spongiosa [IS]) used for alveolar onlay grafting.Experimental DesignSite‐matched bone samples of AB, IC, and IS were harvested during alveolar onlay grafting. Proteins were extracted using a detergent‐based (sodium dodecyl sulfate) strategy and trypsinized. Proteome analysis was performed using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS). MaxQuant was used for peptide‐to‐spectrum matching, peak detection, and quantitation. Linear models for microarray analysis (LIMMA) were used to detect differentially abundant peptides and proteins.ResultsA total of 1730 different proteins were identified across the 15 samples at a false discovery rate of 1%. Partial least‐squares discriminant analysis approved segregation of AB, IC, and IS protein profiles. LIMMA statistics highlighted 66 proteins that were more abundant in AB then in IC (vs. 92 proteins were enriched in IC over AB). Gene Ontology enrichment analysis revealed a matrisomal versus an immune‐related proteome fingerprint in AB versus IC.Conclusion and Clinical RelevanceThis pilot study demonstrates an ECM protein‐related proteome fingerprint in AB and an immune‐related proteome fingerprint in IS and IC.
Further Refining Swampland Conjecture on Inflation in General Scalar‐Tensor Theories of Gravity
Authors: Yuennan Jureeporn , Channuie Phongpichit 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAn alternative refined de Sitter conjecture giving rise to a natural combination of the first and second derivatives of the scalar potential was proposed recently by David Andriot and Christoph Roupec (Fortsch. Phys. 67 (2019) no.1‐2, 1800105). In this work, we study the inflation models in a general scalar‐tensor theory with exponential and hyperbolic tangent forms of potential as well as model with quantum corrected potential and examine whether these three models of inflation can satisfy this further refining de Sitter swampland conjecture or not. Regarding our analysis with proper choices of parameters and q, we find that these three inflationary models can always satisfy this new refined swampland conjecture. Therefore, all three inflationary models might all be in “landscape” since the “further refining de Sitter swampland conjecture” is satisfied.
Effects of Four Non‐Synonymous SNPs of SSIIa Gene on Amylopectin Structure and Gelatinization Characteristics in Rice
Authors: Zhou Huiying , Wang Bingqing , Liu Yantong , Ouyang Linjuan , Zhou Dahu , He Haohua , Liu Jin , Hu Jiaxiao , He Xiaopeng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSoluble starch synthase IIa gene (SSIIa) is one of the key genes involved in the synthesis of amylopectin and a major gene controlling the gelatinization temperature of rice. In this study, specific molecular markers are designed for the four functional SNPs of the SSIIa gene, namely 264 (SNP1), 1810 (SNP2), 2209 (SNP3), and 2340–2341 (SNP4). In addition, 91 rice varieties are tested and the correlation of these SNPs with the structure of amylopectin, RVA profile characteristics, and gelatinization temperature are also analyzed. The results show that SNP1 (C/G) and SNP2 (A/G) of the SSIIa gene are significantly associated with the A:B value, SBV, and gelatinization temperature. The SNP4 (GC/TT) is significantly associated with the gelatinization temperature. Among the four haplotypes, namely C‐A‐A‐GC (HP1), C‐A‐G‐TT (HP2), G‐G‐G‐GC (HP3), and C‐A‐G‐GC (HP4), HP1 varieties show shorter chain length (CL) and exterior chain length (ECL), HP3 show a lower A:B value, whereas HP3 and HP4 varieties show lower PKV, BDV, and higher CPV, SBV, gelatinization temperature. The results suggest that different nonsynonymous SNPs in SSIIa may alter the activity of the SSIIa enzyme and further affect the CL and ECL of amylopectin, resulting in a different RVA profile and gelatinization temperature of starch.
Orthogonal determinants of characters
Authors: Nebe Gabriele 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFor an irreducible orthogonal character $$\chi $$
χ
of even degree, there is a unique square class $$\det ({\chi })$$

det
(
χ
)

in the character field such that the invariant quadratic forms in any L-representation affording $$\chi $$
χ
have determinant in $$\det ({\chi })(L^{\times })^2$$

det

(
χ
)

(

L
×

)

2

.
Environmental degradation of foamed geopolymers
Authors: Korniejenko Kinga , Figiela Beata , Kozub Barbara , Azzopardi Brian , Łach Michał 
Published: April 2022

AbstractModern materials used in civil engineering should fulfill the numerous of requirements connected building standards, but not only. They should also be ecological and durable. Geopolymers are characterized by very good mechanical properties, high resistance against acids, chlorides and sulfates, high thermal resistance, and other properties confirmed by previous research. There is still a few amount of research connected with resistance, this materials for different environmental conditions, especially a lack of investigation connected with foamed geopolymers in this area. The main objective of the article is to analyze the possibilities of the development of new foamed geopolymer composites to increase durability, especially against degradation in corrosive water environments. This paper presents the influence on the mechanical properties of foamed geopolymer composites on the water environment. As raw materials, fly ash from the coal power plant ‘Skawina’ (located in: Skawina, Lesser Poland, Poland) and metakaolin (Czech Republic) were used. The chemical composition of the fly ash is typical for class F. Additionally, the composites were reinforced by flax fiber. Solid and foam samples were prepared. As a foaming agent, hydrogen peroxide (H$$_{2}$$

2

O$$_{2})$$

2

)

was applied. The following research methods were applied: compressive strength, flexural strength, porosity measurements, water absorption in fresh and salt water. The results show that, however, environmental conditions have a significant influence on the mechanical properties of geopolymer composites; the geopolymer composites can be successfully produced with the addition of natural fibers and have good strength parameters even after long-term use (materials were tested after 360 days).
Effect of remediation reagents on bacterial composition and ecological function in black-odorous water sediments
Authors: Xia Dong , Zhao Hanbin , Kobayashi Sohei , Mi Qi , Hao Aimin , Iseri Yasushi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBlack-odorous urban water bodies and sediments pose a serious environmental problem. In this study, we conducted microcosm batch experiments to investigate the effect of remediation reagents (magnesium hydroxide and calcium nitrate) on native bacterial communities and their ecological functions in the black-odorous sediment of urban water. The dominant phyla (Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Planctomycetes) and classes (Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Anaerolineae, and Planctomycetia) were determined under calcium nitrate and magnesium hydroxide treatments. Functional groups related to aerobic metabolism, including aerobic chemoheterotrophy, dark sulfide oxidation, and correlated dominant genera (Thiobacillus, Lysobacter, Gp16, and Gaiella) became more abundant under calcium nitrate treatment, whereas functional genes potentially involved in dissimilatory sulfate reduction became less abundant. The relative abundance of chloroplasts, fermentation, and correlated genera (Desulfomonile and unclassified Cyanobacteria) decreased under magnesium hydroxide treatment. Overall, these results indicated that calcium nitrate addition improved hypoxia-related reducing conditions in the sediment and promoted aerobic chemoheterotrophy.
Overall Survival Advantage of Omentum Preservation Over Omentectomy for Advanced Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Kong Meng , Chen Hongyuan , Zhang Rong , Sheng Hongguang , Li Leping 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundSince 1910, omentectomy has been an essential component of radical gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer. However, researchers have recently questioned the benefit of omentectomy in radical gastrectomy. The aim of this meta‐analysis was to compare omentectomy and omentum preservation in gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer in terms of survival outcomes and short‐term outcomes.MethodsThe PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched. Studies that compared omentum preservation with omentectomy were included. Overall survival (OS) and relapse‐free survival (RFS) were analyzed as primary outcomes.ResultsOf 3509 records screened, one randomized clinical trial and five propensity‐score matched retrospective studies with 1661 patients were selected. Omentum preservation was associated with improved OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.757, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.603–0.950, P = 0.016, I2 = 0%), but not with improved RFS (HR = 0.821, 95% CI = 0.668–1.009, P = 0.060, I2 = 9%) compared with omentectomy for advanced gastric cancer. Furthermore, less blood loss and shorter operation time were found in the omentum preservation group than in the omentectomy group. Additionally, the rate of peritoneal recurrence, the number of harvested lymph nodes, and the incidences of postoperative complications and ileus were comparable in the two groups.ConclusionsBasing on the current literature, gastrectomy with omentum preservation was associated with improved OS and short‐term outcomes compared with omentectomy for advanced gastric cancer. Further randomized trials are required to confirm the survival benefit of omentum‐preserving gastrectomy.
Significance of fish–sponge interactions in coral reef ecosystems
Authors: Coppock Amy G. , Kingsford Michael J. , Battershill Christopher N. , Jones Geoffrey P. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSponges (Porifera) are a key component of many coral reef ecosystems. In some biogeographic regions, they are considered the dominant benthic fauna and they have the capacity to fulfil many similar roles to reef-building scleractinians. Certainly, sponges predominate at depth, below the critical thresholds of most coral species. The biological and physical attributes of these biogenic communities contribute essential resources for many reef-associated fishes. However, while fish–sponge interactions have been widely documented, there is no global synthesis of the literature on these interrelationships from the perspective of fish ecology. Here we evaluate coral reef fish–sponge relationships, including the role of sponges in providing food and shelter for fishes, the influence fishes have on sponge distribution and abundance and possible outcomes of climate change on fish–sponge interactions. To date, 16 fish families have been shown to associate with 56 different sponge genera, using them as either a source of shelter (n = 17) or a food source (n = 50), although methodologies for the latter currently lack consistency. We demonstrate that a more comprehensive understanding of fish–sponge interactions has been garnered from tropical Atlantic coral reefs, which has resulted in a strong biogeographic bias. While it is evident that in some areas of the Caribbean fish are key in shaping the distribution and abundance of sponges, it is not yet known whether this conclusion applies to the Indo-Pacific. With increasing stresses such as bleaching events impacting coral reef ecosystems, further work is needed to evaluate whether sponges can fulfil similar functional roles to those previously provided by reef-building scleractinians. Similarly, determining whether sponge expansion will compensate for the negative effects of reef degradation, or contribute to their decline, is vital.
Gender difference in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: clinical profiles, examinations, and prognosis
Authors: Sakai Takahiro , Motoki Hirohiko , Suzuki Sho , Fuchida Aya , Takeuchi Takahiro , Otagiri Kyuhachi , Kanai Masafumi , Kimura Kazuhiro , Minamisawa Masatoshi , Yoshie Koji , Saigusa Tatsuya , Ebisawa Soichiro , Okada Ayako , Kitabayashi Hiroshi , Kuwahara Koichiro 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHeart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has currently become a major concern in the aging society owing to its substantial and growing prevalence. Recent investigations regarding sacubitril/valsartan have suggested that there is a gender difference in the efficacy of the medication in HFpEF cohort. However, information of gender difference in clinical profiles, examination, and prognosis have not been well investigated. The present study aimed to evaluate the differences in baseline characteristics and outcomes between women and men in a Japanese HFpEF cohort. We analyzed the data from our prospective, observational, and multicenter cohort study. Overall, 1036 consecutive patients hospitalized for acute decompensated heart failure were enrolled. We defined patients with an ejection fraction (EF) of ≥ 50% as HFpEF. Patients with severe valvular disease were excluded; the remaining 379 patients (women: n = 201, men: n = 178) were assessed. Women were older than men [median: 85 (79–89) years vs. 83 (75–87) years, p = 0.013]. Diabetes mellitus, hyperuricemia, and coronary artery disease were more prevalent in men than in women (34.8% vs. 23.9%, p = 0.019, 23.6% vs. 11.4%, p = 0.002, and 23.0% vs. 11.9%, p = 0.005, respectively). EF was not significantly different between women and men. The cumulative incidence of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for congestive heart failure (CHF) was significantly lower in women than in men (log-rank p = 0.040). Women with HFpEF were older and less often exhibited an ischemic etiology; further, they were associated with a lower risk for cardiovascular death or hospitalization for CHF compared with men in the Japanese population.
Sleep disturbances and depressive and anxiety symptoms during pregnancy: associations with delivery and newborn health
Authors: Peltonen Hilla , Paavonen E. Juulia , Saarenpää-Heikkilä Outi , Vahlberg Tero , Paunio Tiina , Polo-Kantola Päivi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Sleep disturbances and mood symptoms are common in late pregnancy; according to the literature, they can affect delivery and newborn outcomes. This study evaluated the effect of sleep and mood symptoms on delivery and newborn health, because there are insufficient and partly contradictory studies on the topic.

Methods
A cohort of 1414 mothers in their third trimester was enrolled in this prospective cross-sectional questionnaire study. Validated questionnaires were assessed for the measurement of sleep disturbances and depressive and anxiety symptoms. The data on delivery and newborn outcomes were obtained from hospital medical records.

Results
Sleep disturbances were very common. A higher insomnia score (β = − 0.06, p = 0.047) and longer sleep need (β = 0.07, p = 0.047) were related to delivery at a lower gestational age. In addition, a higher insomnia score (β = − 28.30, p = 0.010) and lower general sleep quality (β = − 62.15, p = 0.025) were associated with lower birth weight, but longer sleep duration and longer sleep need with a higher birth weight (β = 28.06, p = 0.019; β = 27.61, p = 0.028, respectively). However, the findings regarding birth weight lost their significance when the birth weight was standardized by gestational weeks. Concerning Apgar scores and umbilical artery pH, no associations were found. Snoring was associated with a shorter duration of the first phase of delivery (β = − 78.71, p = 0.015) and total duration of delivery (β = − 79.85, p = 0.016). Mothers with higher insomnia, depressive, or anxiety symptoms were more often treated with oxytocin (OR 1.54 95% CI 1.00–2.38, p = 0.049, OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.02–3.04, p = 0.049 and OR 1.91, CI 95% 1.28–2.84, p < 0.001, respectively) and those with higher depressive and anxiety symptoms were delivered more often with elective cesarean section (OR 4.67, 95% CI 2.04–12.68, p < 0.001 and OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.03–4.79, p = 0.042).

Conclusions
Maternal sleep disturbances and mood symptoms during pregnancy are associated with delivery and newborn health. However, nearly, all the outcomes fell within a normal range, implying that the actual risks are low.
Bevacizumab as treatment option for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: a systematic review
Authors: Pogoda Louis , Ziylan Fuat , Smeeing Diederik P. J. , Dikkers Frederik G. , Rinkel Rico N. P. M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To this day, there is no cure for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP). Multiple surgical procedures are performed to achieve symptom relief and prevention of airway obstruction. A promising drug for RRP is the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) binding antibody bevacizumab. This chemotherapeutic agent has an angiogenesis-inhibiting effect which inhibits tumor growth. The objective of this review was to investigate the efficacy of bevacizumab as treatment option for RRP, and to explore the difference of its effects between intralesional and systemic treatment.

Methods
A systematic search was conducted in Cochrane, PubMed, and Embase. Articles were included if bevacizumab treatment was given intralesionally and/or systemically. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the CAse REport (CARE) guidelines.

Results
Of 585 unique articles screened by title and abstract, 15 studies were included, yielding a total of 64 patients. In 95% of the patients treated with systemic bevacizumab, the post-bevacizumab surgical interval was considerably prolonged. More than half of them did not need any surgical intervention during mean follow-up of 21.6 months. Treatment with intralesional bevacizumab showed a lower efficacy: in 62% of the patients, the post-bevacizumab surgical interval (mean, 1.8 months follow-up) was extended when compared to the interval before the treatment.

Conclusion
Systemically and intralesionally administered bevacizumab are effective treatment options for severe RRP. A systemic administration might be the treatment of first choice. Further prospective research with long term follow-up is advocated to elucidate this important topic.