bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fracture Mechanical Analyses of a Welding Seam of a Thick-Walled Transport Package
Authors: Gleim Tobias , Neumann Martin , Linnemann Konrad , Komann Steffen , Wille Frank 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Transport packages shall satisfy various safety criteria regarding mechanical, thermal and radiation phenomena. Typical requirements focusing mechanical aspects are usually drop tests in accordance with IAEA regulations [1]. The drop tests are usually carried out experimentally and, as an additional measure, finite element analyses (FEA) are performed. A specific part of the investigations presented is the evaluation of the welding seam connecting cask shell and cask bottom. Experimental results and FEA are presented and compared. The evaluation of the welding seam performed includes a variety of aspects. In addition to the experimental and analytical stresses determined, different standards are used to investigate a possible crack initiation. Several destructive and non-destructive tests are performed for quality assurance in the manufacturing process as well as for different input parameters. The necessary monitoring and non-destructive measurement methods to define the boundary conditions of the standards are introduced. Taking into account all required parameters, the welding seam is examined and evaluated using the failure assessment diagrams (FAD) of the respective standards. It can be shown under the given boundary conditions that considering the experimental data, the welding seam is in the context of crack initiation below the enveloping curve in the acceptable region. More critical drop tests to be conducted are proposed and need to be investigated in future work.
Recent Developments of Advanced Calculation Concepts for the Fatigue Assessment of Power Plant Components
Authors: Schopf Tim , Weihe Stefan , Rudolph Jürgen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Fatigue lifetime assessment of pressurized components e.g. in nuclear power plants (NPPs) is an essential part of the aging management (AM) ensuring safe and reliable long term operation (LTO). The practically applied calculation procedures of different international codes and standards are widely affected by the basic principles formulated in the criteria document [1]. Those criteria are still fundamental for the fatigue assessment of pressure vessel and power plant components and there is good reason to target at improvements in the consideration of the major factors of influence on the fatigue lifetime while keeping the well-proven methodological framework. This paves the way to related future design code amendment proposals. In practice, there are often large discrepancies between calculated fatigue life and practical experience from power plant operation, where the operating experience reveals much higher fatigue lifetimes as their predictions based on laboratory tests and conservative consideration of major influencing factors (plastification by Ke-factors, Environmentally Assisted Fatigue (EAF) by FEN-factors) in the calculation approach. In the framework of a cooperative research program (see e.g. [2], [3] and [4]) including various subprojects Framatome GmbH, Erlangen, and the Materials Testing Institute MPA Stuttgart have been developing improvements to the fatigue lifetime assessment methods in the framework of the well established engineering approach [1]. These improvements are consolidated by the results of experiments on specimens of ferritic and austenitic stainless steels and austenitic stainless steel welds as well as component tests are performed under laboratory and operating conditions to improve fatigue assessment. The following aspects are going to be pointed out
- Consideration of hold time and environmental (EAF) effects including the threshold and fatigue limit behavior
- Relevance of multiaxial non-proportionality effects for typical power plant operational loading histories
- Consideration of the cyclic elastic-plastic deformation behavior
- Integration of the fatigue damage parameter approach into the calculation concept (particularly modified fatigue damage parameter of Haibach and Lehrke PHL,mod and fatigue damage parameter PJ)
- Low-Cycle (LCF), High-Cycle (HCF) and Very High-Cycle (VHCF) fatigue behavior, interaction and related damage accumulation effects including the transient fatigue limit.
The paper gives an overview of the state of the calculation concept.
Residual Stress Modeling and Advanced Diffraction Measurements of 347H Steel Weldments
Authors: Yang Yi , Han Dong , Gao Yanfei , Zhang Wei , Bunn Jeffrey R. , Payzant E. Andrew , Penso Jorge , Feng Zhili 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The 347H stainless steel is a primary high-temperature material for many energy and power generation industries. Stress relief cracking (SRC) has been a particular concern in welding of this material. The residual stress induced by welding and its evolution during post-welding heat treatment (PWHT) and subsequent operating and service conditions is one of the primary factors contributing to SRC. The lifetime of welded structure components is also controlled by the precipitation kinetics that accompanies PWHT, stress relaxation process, and long-term aging and complex synergistic factors. Various theories have been proposed in the past to explain SRC. However, a widely accepted approach to predicting the entire damage evolution and the resulting performance reduction is still lacking. This study is to demonstrate a reliable solution for two critical issues that affect the predictions. First, the residual stress distribution obtained from both simulation and neutron diffraction is compared, which increases the accuracy of mechanical analysis simulation model and therefore builds a solid basis for the lifetime prediction model. Second, the generation, evolution, and annihilation of precipitates are monitored by the synchrotron diffraction experiment. Preliminary results demonstrate the critical importance of precipitation kinetics on the residual stress distribution/redistribution during heat treatments.
Fracture Toughness Testing of 316L Steel Manufactured by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Tan Ee E. , Sorce Fabian S. , Davies Catrin M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) is a relatively new manufacturing technique that offers many benefits. However, the utilization of selective laser melting (SLM) manufactured components depends on the assurance of their integrity during operation. Samples manufactured through LPBF are prone to defects. Therefore, it is important to determine the fracture toughness of the materials. In this work, fracture toughness tests on single edge notched bend (SENB) samples have been performed and the results are presented. The samples have been manufactured in 3 orthogonal directions enabling the influence of defect orientation relative to the build direction on toughness to be determined. The crack growth has been monitored using both elastic compliance and the potential drop (PD) technique, and the crack tip strain fields have been imaged using digital image correlation techniques. It has been found that the toughness of samples with the crack plane parallel to the build layers (vertical) is greater than that of samples with the crack plane normal to the build layers (horizontal), contrary to expectations based on previous research. This behavior is likely to be a result of changes in porosity ahead of the crack tip due to inadvertent cooling effects during the build process, resulting in fewer build defects ahead of the crack tip in the “vertical” samples.
Case Study of a FCC Overhead Line Crack Failure
Authors: Anthony David , Barkley Nathan , Chithranjan Nadarajah 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Pipe stress analysis (PSA) is a common method for evaluating the ductwork in Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) units. However, the typical approach only considers global loads and stresses in the piping system. Localized stresses must be evaluated using other methods. This can result in a PSA that produces acceptable results but fails after years of operation due to a local constraint or stress concentration.
This paper presents a case study of a failure in a FCC Overhead Line constructed of 304H stainless steel material and operates at approximately 25 psig (0.172 MPa) and 1,175 °F (635 °C). The line passes stress limits per ASME B31.3 using a PSA but failed via a crack at a conical transition to long radius elbow joint weld after approximately fifteen years of operation due to a localized stress concentration. The local transition on the line is evaluated for Creep damage using a MPC OMEGA material/damage model which is incorporated into the finite element analysis (FEA) via a user subroutine. The evaluations indicated that the large half-apex angle of the transition combined with the elbow location resulted in significant Creep damage at the joint. Subsequent destructive testing confirmed that the elbow joint developed sigma phase formations which reduced the Creep life significantly.
Challenges in Developing Linerless Composite Gas Cylinder for On-Board Hydrogen Storage
Authors: Ge Zhoutian , Yuan Yutong , Shi Jianfeng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have become an important development direction of new energy vehicles due to their high energy conversion efficiency and pollution-free characteristics. Gas cylinder for hydrogen storage is one of the key components of hydrogen fuel cell vehicle. So far, lined composite gas cylinders have been widely used due to their good leakage-proof capability for hydrogen. With the demand for lightweight and high hydrogen storage density for on-board application, linerless composite gas cylinder (Type V cylinder) for hydrogen storage has drawn more and more attention. This paper analyzed the advantages, application status and development trend of Type V gas cylinder for hydrogen storage towards the direction of high-pressure, lightweight, low-cost and long-life. Based on the reports of existing Type V gas cylinder and other relevant linerless composite pressure equipment, challenges in developing Type V gas cylinder for hydrogen storage were summarized, including composite material selection, design and manufacture procedure. Meanwhile, in view of higher safety requirements for on-board hydrogen storage, this paper further discussed safety assurance methods for qualification tests, damage detection techniques and relevant standards.
Technical Overview and Basis of the Design Sections of the NM.1 Standard
Authors: Vetter Lorenz G. , Adams Timothy M. , Fong Sze Shen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In the spring of 2019, the ASME published the first edition (2018 edition) of the NM.1, NM.2, and NM.3 standards. These standards are for the design of non-metallic pressure piping systems. The focus is thermoplastics (NM.1), glass-fiber reinforced thermoset resins (NM.2), and material data (NM.3). These standards were developed by the Non-Metallic Pressure Piping Standards Committee, reporting to the ASME Board on Pressure Technology. This paper provides an overview and the technical basis of the design sections of the NM.1 Standard. The focus is the basis design requirements for HDPE, PVC, CPVC, and ABS resins. Also discussed are the mandatory and non-mandatory Appendices applicable to the NM.1 design section.
A Review of Constraint Effects on Fracture Toughness for Structural Integrity Assessment in Fitness-for-Service Codes
Authors: Xu Steven X. , Wallin Kim 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
It is well known that direct application of fracture toughness values measured from standard laboratory specimens to structural components without matching constraint conditions may lead to over-conservative results for structural integrity assessment. In some cases, this may lead to unnecessary repairs or even to an early retirement of the structural component. This is particularly true for structural components operating at late life. For this reason, inclusion of constraint effects on fracture toughness in structural integrity assessment is of great importance. Research on the constraint effects has been very fruitful and is generating standardized methods and procedures that are suitable for engineering applications. This paper provides a review of constraint effects on fracture toughness for structural integrity assessment in fitness-for-service codes.
Several fitness-for-service codes (API 579-1/ASME FFS-1, BS 7910, R6, SINTAP/FITNET) have code provisions for including the constraint effects on fracture in ductile-brittle transition region. This paper reviews the two fracture toughness adjustment methods as implemented in the 2019 Edition of BS 7910 and the 2021 Edition of API 579-1/ASME FFS-1. We present the results from a comparative study of the two adjustment methods using four sets of test data recently published in the literature.
Advanced two- and three-dimensional insights into Earth's oldest stromatolites (ca. 3.5 Ga): Prospects for the search for life on Mars
Authors: Hickman-Lewis K. , Cavalazzi B. , Giannoukos K. , D'Amico L. , Vrbaski S. , Saccomano G. , Dreossi D. , Tromba G. , Foucher F. , Brownscombe W. , Smith C.L. , Westall F. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Paleoarchean stromatolites are among the oldest compelling evidence for life. We present advanced two- and three-dimensional (2-D and 3-D) reconstructions of the morphology, mineralogy, trace element geochemistry, and taphonomy of permineralized stromatolites from the lowermost horizons of the ca. 3.5 Ga Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia. Rare earth element plus yttrium compositions suggest a restricted paleodepositional setting influenced by marine influxes; this contrasts with other Dresser stromatolites, which developed around terrestrial hot springs. Mineral phase relationships and positive Eu anomalies denote syndepositional hydrothermal influence and silicification promoting high-fidelity microstructural preservation. Although no primary kerogen is preserved, numerous 2-D and 3-D morphological characteristics denote a biogenic origin, including the onlap of sedimentary layers onto stromatolitic topography, fine-scale undulatory laminations, non-isopachous laminations with crestal thickening, laminoid fenestrae, and subvertical pillar-like fabrics interpreted as microbial palisade structure; these features suggest that the stromatolite eco-system was dominantly phototrophic. The deep iron-rich weathering profile of the Dresser stromatolites makes them pertinent analogues for potential microbialites in altered carbonates on Mars. Were similar putative biogenic macro-, meso- and micromorphologies identified in habitable Martian settings by rover imaging systems, such materials would be compelling targets for sample return.
Tributary streams provide migratory fish with access to floodplain habitats in a regulated river: evidence from alligator gar, Atractosteus spatula
Authors: Roberts Hayden C. , Acre Matthew R. , Claus Maximiliaan P.A. , Kappen Florian J. , Winemiller Kirk O. , Daugherty Daniel J. , Perkin Joshuah S. 
Published: November 2022

Migratory fishes with periodic life history strategies are sensitive to river regulation. Populations of these fishes may persist in highly regulated rivers by using tributaries that provide access to intermittently connected spawning and early life stage habitat in floodplains. We analyzed system hydrology and associated movement of a long-lived periodic strategist, the alligator gar ( Atractosteus spatula), in the Brazos River, Texas. We hypothesized that (1) flow regulation on the mainstem has resulted in the reduction of flood pulses, but tributaries have been less altered and (2) alligator gar migrate into tributaries during high flows and temperatures. Our analysis revealed that flood pulses were reduced in the mainstem but not in an adjacent, less regulated tributary where floodplain-inundating pulses now outnumber those in the mainstem. Using data from tagged fish, we derived statistical models predicting greater occurrence of alligator gar in tributaries when water temperature exceeded 25 °C and mainstem discharge exceeded 400 cubic meters per second. These results emphasize that movement into less regulated tributaries can mitigate impacts of river regulation on mainstem river populations of alligator gar.
Antihypertensive Medication Adherence and the Risk of Vascular Events and Falls After Stroke: A Real-World Effectiveness Study Using Linked Registry Data
Authors: Dalli Lachlan L. , Olaiya Muideen T. , Kim Joosup , Andrew Nadine E. , Cadilhac Dominique A. , Ung David , Lindley Richard I. , Sanfilippo Frank M. , Thrift Amanda G. , Nelson Mark R. , Gall Seana L. , Kilkenny Monique F. ,   On behalf of the PRECISE investigators
Published: November 2022

Background:
Real-world evidence is limited on whether antihypertensive medications help avert major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) after stroke without increasing the risk of falls. We investigated the association of adherence to antihypertensive medications on the incidence of MACE and falls requiring hospitalization after stroke.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort study of adults who were newly dispensed antihypertensive medications after an acute stroke (Australian Stroke Clinical Registry 2012–2016; Queensland and Victoria). Pharmaceutical dispensing records were used to determine medication adherence according to the proportion of days covered in the first 6 months poststroke. Outcomes between 6 and 18 months postdischarge included: (i) MACE, a composite outcome of all-cause death, recurrent stroke or acute coronary syndrome; and (ii) falls requiring hospitalization. Estimates were derived using Cox models, adjusted for >30 confounders using inverse probability treatment weights.

Results:
Among 4076 eligible participants (median age 68 years; 37% women), 55% had a proportion of days covered ≥80% within 6 months postdischarge. In the subsequent 12 months, 360 (9%) participants experienced a MACE and 337 (8%) experienced a fall requiring hospitalization. After achieving balance between groups, participants with a proportion of days covered ≥80% had a reduced risk of MACE (hazard ratio: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.54–0.84) and falls requiring hospitalization (subdistribution hazard ratio: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.62–0.98) than those with a proportion of days covered <80%.

Conclusions:
High adherence to antihypertensive medications within 6 months poststroke was associated with reduced risks of both MACE and falls requiring hospitalization. Patients should be encouraged to adhere to their antihypertensive medications to maximize poststroke outcomes.
The Assembled Genome of the Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat
Authors: Kalbfleisch Theodore S. , Hussien AbouEl Ela Nahla A. , Li Kai , Brashear Wesley A. , Kochan Kelli J. , Hillhouse Andrew E. , Zhu Yaming , Dhande Isha S. , Kline Eric J. , Hudson Elizabeth A. , Murphy Terence D. , Thibaud-Nissen Françoise , Smith Melissa L. , Doris Peter A. 
Published: November 2022

Background:
We report the creation and evaluation of a de novo assembly of the genome of the spontaneously hypertensive rat, the most widely used model of human cardiovascular disease.

Methods:
The genome is assembled from long read sequencing (PacBio HiFi and continuous long read data [CLR]) and scaffolded with long-range structural information obtained from Bionano optical maps and proximity ligation sequencing proximity analysis of the genome. The genome assembly was polished with Illumina short reads. Completeness of the assembly was investigated using Benchmarking Universal Single Copy Orthologs analysis. The genome assembly was also evaluated with the rat reference gene set, using NCBI automated protocols. We also generated orthogonal single molecule transcript sequence reads (Iso-Seq) from 8 tissues and used them to validate the coding assembly, to annotate the assembly with RNA transcripts representing unique full length transcript isoforms for each gene and to determine whether divergences between RefSeq sequences and the assembly were attributable to assembly errors or polymorphisms.

Results:
The assembly analysis indicates that this assembly is comparable in contiguity and completeness to the current rat reference assembly, while the use of HiFi sequencing yields an assembly that is more correct at the single base level. Synteny analysis was performed to uncover the extent of synteny and the presence and distribution of chromosomal rearrangements between the reference and this assembly.

Conclusion:
The resulting genome assembly is reference quality and captures significant structural variation.
A Portrait of the Modern Butler as an Emergent Professional Type in Mainland China
Authors: Zhao Yikun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article analyses the emergent professional type of modern butler in mainland China from an Eliasian figurational perspective, against the backdrop of the changing power balances between social groups along with the rise of China’s High Net Worth Individuals in the post-reform era. It paints a portrait of the modern butler by drawing on ethnographic observation and interviews conducted at a butler training institute. This emergent professional type’s characteristic costumed appearance, stringent morality, communicative tact, signature pride, and art of service, are analytically linked to the figurational position of the new economic elites through thick description, as forms of vicarious cultural and moral distinction made desirable by the changing social dynamisms.
“The Field, at the Moment, Is Up for Redefinition”: Twenty Five Years of Manufacturing Religion
Authors: McCutcheon Russell T. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Reflecting on the shape of the current field, this essay argues for the continued relevance for Manufacturing Religion, a book first published in 1997; describing the conditions of its writing, publication, and reception, it provides a variety of current examples to illustrate that the critique of scholarship that conceives of religion as a unique or deeply personal experience, one that defies explanation and merely requires understanding or even appreciation, continues to be an important critical tool in the contemporary study of religion.
Integrative taxonomy of the Merodon aberrans (Diptera, Syrphidae) species group: distribution patterns and description of three new species
Authors: Vujić Ante , Radenković Snežana , Tubić Nataša Kočiš , Likov Laura , Popov Grigory , Rojo Santos , Miličić Marija 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we revise the Merodon aberrans species group of the genus Merodon Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Syrphidae), providing morphological diagnoses and descriptions, molecular data for three species, as well as an illustrated key and a discussion of the different taxonomic characters used. We also discuss distribution patterns for this species group. The results revealed that the M. aberrans group is composed of five described species (M. aberrans Egger, 1860, M. brevis Paramonov, 1926, M. flavitibius Paramonov, 1926, M. hamifer Sack, 1913, and M. warnckei Hurkmans, 1993) and three new ones, namely M. hermonensis Vujić, Radenković et Likov sp. nov., M. petiolatus Vujić, Radenković et Rojo sp. nov., and M. retectus Vujić, Radenković et Likov sp. nov. Following a detailed study of the type material in different entomological collections, the status of several species is revised, one new synonym is proposed (subspecies M. aberrans isperensis Hurkmans, 1993 as junior synonym of M. flavitibius), lectotypes are designated for M. kneri Mik, 1867 and M. flavitibius, and paralectotypes are designated for M. hamifer and M. flavitibius. Seven out of eight species from the M. aberrans group are distributed in the Asian continent, namely all Caucasian countries, Turkey and Iran, confirming the notion about high diversity of Merodon species in these regions, but also highlighting the need for a systematic faunistic research.