bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trinodal Self‐Penetrating Versus cds 3‐Dimensional Networks Using Bis(3,2’ : 6’,3’’‐terpyridine) Building Blocks: the Solvent Makes the Difference
Authors: Capomolla Simona S. , Manfroni Giacomo , Prescimone Alessandro , Constable Edwin C. , Housecroft Catherine E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractReactions between Co(NCS)2 and 24,24‐[2,5‐bis(cyclohexyloxy)‐1,4‐phenylene]di(13,22 : 26,33‐terpyridine) (1), 24,24‐[2,5‐bis(cyclohexylmethoxy)‐1,4‐phenylene]di(13,22 : 26,33‐terpyridine) (2), and 24,24‐[2,5‐bis(2‐phenylethoxy)‐1,4‐phenylene]di(13,22 : 26,33‐terpyridine) (3) under conditions of crystal growth by layering at room temperature lead to 3‐dimensional nets with either a cds or trinodal self‐penetrating topology depending upon the solvents (MeOH/C6H5Cl, MeOH/1,2‐Cl2C6H5, or MeOH/CHCl3) used in the crystallization experiments. The cds network was found for [Co(NCS)2(1)]n⋅2nC6H4Cl2, [Co(NCS)2(2)]n⋅4nC6H4Cl2, and [Co(NCS)2(3)]n⋅2.5nC6H5Cl, while a trinodal self‐penetrating net was observed in [Co2(NCS)4(2)2]n⋅5.5nCHCl3⋅0.2nMeOH. Preliminary structural data for single crystals from the reactions of Co(NCS)2 and 1 or Co(NCS)2 and 3 from MeOH/CHCl3 solvent combinations also evidenced the assemblies of trinodal self‐penetrating nets. Both net topologies assemble from a combination of planar, 4‐connecting metal and ligand nodes. The role of the solvent in directing the network type is investigated.
Development from a distance: Exploring an international non‐profit's interactions with communities during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Peiffer Ashley , Harte Michael 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA case study analysis of an international development non‐profit identifies strategies and decision‐making processes utilized to engage community members in person and virtually during the first year of the COVID‐19 pandemic. The strategies employed led to a continuation of projects in the field, potentially excluding some stakeholder groups from decision‐making processes at the community level. Staff members described how power dynamics and geographic distance affected internal decision‐making for community involvement, highlighting the importance of adopting a critical self‐reflection approach to facilitate communication among an intercultural team for more equitable community engagement.
Bovine lactoferrin inhibits SARS‐CoV‐2 and SARS‐CoV‐1 by targeting the RdRp complex and alleviates viral infection in the hamster model
Authors: He Shi‐ting , Qin Hongbo , Guan Lin , Liu Ke , Hong Bixia , Zhang Xiaoxu , Lou Fuxing , Li Maochen , Lin Wei , Chen Yangzhen , He Chengzhi , Liu Feitong , Lu Shanshan , Luo Shengdong , Zhu Shaozhou , An Xiaoping , Song Lihua , Fan Huahao , Tong Yigang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBreast milk has been found to inhibit coronavirus infection, while the key components and mechanisms are unknown. We aimed to determine the components that contribute to the antiviral effects of breastmilk and explore their potential mechanism. Lactoferrin (Lf) and milk fat globule membrane inhibit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2)‐related coronavirus GX_P2V and transcription‐ and replication‐competent SARS‐CoV‐2 virus‐like particles in vitro and block viral entry into cells. We confirmed that bovine Lf (bLf) blocked the binding between human angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 and SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein by combining receptor‐binding domain (RBD). Importantly, bLf inhibited RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) activity of both SARS‐CoV‐2 and SARS‐CoV in vitro in the nanomolar range. So far, no biological macromolecules have been reported to inhibit coronavirus RdRp. Our result indicated that bLf plays a major role in inhibiting viral replication. bLf treatment reduced viral load in lungs and tracheae and alleviated pathological damage. Our study provides evidence that bLf prevents SARS‐CoV‐2 infection by combining SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein RBD and inhibiting coronaviruses' RdRp activity, and may be a promising candidate for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019.
Identification of tropical cyclone centre based on satellite images via deep learning techniques
Authors: Long Teng , Fu Jiyang , Tong Biao , Chan Pakwai , He Yuncheng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA tropical cyclone (TC) is a highly destructive natural disaster. Accurate identification of key parameters of TCs is prerequisite for most TC‐related research and practices. The centre position is one of TC's basic parameters. However, comparison of TC best track data released by different meteorological institutes usually indicates a noticeable discrepancy for this parameter among varied data sources. In this study, efforts are made towards identifying the centre location of TCs via deep learning techniques, based on TC satellite cloud images (SCIs). Six deep learning models are analysed and compared. YOLOv4 model achieved a confidence of 99.84%, which is better than other models. In addition, we further explore the factors affecting the positioning accuracy of the YOLOv4 model and its application to the location identification of multiple TCs and the tracking of individual TCs. Results demonstrate that the YOLOv4 model has a probability exceeding 99% for identifying multiple TC locations and also performs well for single TC tracking.
On some K3 surfaces with order sixteen automorphism
Authors: Comparin Paola , Priddis Nathan , Sarti Alessandra 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe consider K3 surfaces of Picard rank 14 which admit a purely non‐symplectic automorphism of order 16. The automorphism acts on the second cohomology group with integer coefficients and we compute the invariant sublattice for the action. We show that all of these K3 surfaces admit an elliptic fibration and we compute the invariant lattices in a geometric way by using special curves of the elliptic fibration. The computation of these lattices plays an important role when one wants to study moduli spaces and mirror symmetry for lattice polarized K3 surfaces.
Evaluation of adsorbent materials for carbon dioxide capture
Authors: Shamiri A. , Shafeeyan M. S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGlobal warming has in recent years become a cause for serious concern. It is believed to result from the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, particularly carbon dioxide. Upon assessing the recent developments, it can be learnt that attempts in relation to the reduction of anthropogenic carbon dioxide content and decreasing the emission of greenhouse gases appear to be among the key issues. Despite a range of technologies and approaches established over the years, the issue of separating carbon dioxide from gas streams still cannot be addressed. Notwithstanding having developed new methods, another substantial challenge identified in the area is the growth of adsorbents with relatively higher performance. It is worthy of note that they help balance an array of optimization‐needed factors which include efficiency, engineering feasibility and costs. Zeolites, metal‐organic frameworks, silica and activated carbon are among the adsorption materials which are widely discussed in the literature. Accordingly, recent studies focusing on such materials are comprehensively discussed and summarized in this review. Besides, the cost, carbon capture capacity and selectivity which are among the major concerns with respect to selecting adsorbents are compared in this paper. Furthermore, both the privileges and drawbacks of each type of adsorbent are presented in this manuscript. Despite the encouraging results achieved in this study, developing more effective adsorbents to capture carbon dioxide remains a fundamental challenge. Therefore, further innovations regarding the design and synthesis of adsorbents are essential for future applications.
Analysis and prediction of erosion behavior of short kenaf fiber‐based hybrid composites using response surface method integrated with neural networks
Authors: Nayak S.K. , Satapathy A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThere has been a huge demand in industries for the design and development of bio‐degradable and low‐cost wear resistant composite materials since long. In response to this, the present work includes an exhaustive analysis for the solid particle erosion characteristics of a new class of hybrid polyester composites reinforced with a natural fiber (kenaf) and filled with a construction waste (marble dust) in different proportions. The test trials on the composite samples are conducted using a DUCOM high temperature erosion test rig as per ASTM G76. The experimentation and analysis are conducted as per the L30 model of response surface method (RSM). The results revealed that the incorporation of marble dust enhanced the resistance to erosion wear of the fiber‐polyester composites and among the control factors, the contributions of striking velocity and angle of impingement towards the erosion rate are significant. A predictive model working on the concept of neural networks (ANN) is used for the prediction of erosion rates at different levels and combinations of the significant control factors. The mechanisms of erosion loss are identified from the morphologies of the worn surfaces taken using a scanning electron microscope.
Residual stress evolution and surface morphology in grinding of hardened steel following carburizing and quenching processes
Authors: Yang M. , Chen J. , Wu C. , Xie G. , Jiang X. , Li M. , He H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the residual stress evolution and surface morphology of quenched 20Cr2Ni4A steel after surface grinding with alumina grinding wheel was investigated. The initial compressive residual stress in the surface layer evolved into tensile stress after grinding. Since thermal stress was the dominated factor, the effect of grinding speed and grinding depth showed significant effects on the level of residual stress. The tensile stress on the ground surface increased by more than 50 % when grinding speed increased from 26 m/s to 34 m/s at the feed speed of 0.19 m/s to 0.26 m/s. The increase of grinding depth from 0.02 mm to 0.03 mm resulted in the increase rate of tensile stress varying between 54 % and 85 % at specific feed speed and grinding speed. Due to the extrusion and cutting of abrasive particles, plastic deformation and grooves were found on the machined surface. The influence of grinding heat and grinding force caused a plastic deformation layer and grinding burn layer within 20 μm.
Recycled soda lime silica glass inclusion in polytetrafluoroethylene matrix as reinforcement for microwave substrate application
Authors: Alhaji I. A. , Abbas Z. , Zainuddin N. , Ibrahim N.A. , Khamis A.M. , Lakin I.I. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecycled soda lime silica glass‐filled polytetrafluoroethylene composites were prepared for substrate application at microwave frequencies. Various volume fractions (0.05–0.25) of the filler were dispersed in the polytetrafluoroethylene matrix. The composites’ dielectric, mechanical, and thermal properties were examined with respect to the filler content. X‐ray diffraction data established the phase structure of the polytetrafluoroethylene matrix and recycled soda lime silica glass. Scanning electron microscope micrographs revealed uniform filler distribution at lower recycled soda lime silica contents, while energy dispersive x‐ray analysis showed the purity of the composites. The tensile strength of the composites reduced from 13.5 MPa to 4.26 MPa, while the moisture absorption and density raised from 0.07 % and 2.195 g/cm3to 0.19 % and 2.228 g/cm3when the recycled soda lime silica filler volume fraction was adjusted from 0.05–0.25. The lowest coefficient of thermal expansion values was recorded at 0.25 % recycled soda lime silica volume fraction, which increased from 31.12 ppm/°C to 68.32 ppm/°C at 40 °C to 200 °C. At 0.05 filler volume fraction, the respective values of,andof the composites decreased from 2.20, 0.0017, and 29.69 ps to 2.15, 0.0015, and 29.35 ps in the 8.2 GHz–12.4 GHz range.
Resistance potential of soil bacterial communities along a biodiversity gradient in forest ecosystems
Authors: Kuang Jialiang , Deng Dongmei , Han Shun , Bates Colin T. , Ning Daliang , Shu Wensheng , Zhou Jizhong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHigher biodiversity is often assumed to be a more desirable scenario for maintaining the functioning of ecosystems, but whether species‐richer communities are also more disturbance‐tolerant remains controversial. In this study, we investigated the bacterial communities based on 472 soil samples from 28 forests across China with associated edaphic and climatic properties. We developed two indexes (i.e., community mean tolerance breadth [CMTB] and community mean response asynchrony [CMRA]) to explore the relationship between diversity and community resistance potential. Moreover, we examined this resistance potential along the climatic and latitudinal gradients. We revealed that CMTB was significantly and negatively related to species richness, resulting from the changes in balance between relative abundances of putative specialists and generalists. In comparison, we found a unimodal relationship between CMRA and richness, suggesting that higher biodiversity might not always lead to higher community resistance. Moreover, our results showed differential local patterns along latitude. In particular, local patterns in the northern region mainly followed general relationships rather than those for the southern forests, which may be attributed to the differences in annual means and annual variations of climate conditions. Our findings highlight that the community resistance potential depends on the composition of diverse species with differential environmental tolerance and responses. This study provides a new, testable evaluation by considering tolerance breadth and response asynchrony at the community level, which will be helpful in assessing the influence of disturbance under rapid shifts in biodiversity and species composition as a result of global environmental change.
Posterior estimation using deep learning: a simulation study of compartmental modeling in dynamic positron emission tomography
Authors: Liu Xiaofeng , Marin Thibault , Amal Tiss , Woo Jonghye , Fakhri Georges El , Ouyang Jinsong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn medical imaging, images are usually treated as deterministic, while their uncertainties are largely underexplored.PurposeThis work aims at using deep learning to efficiently estimate posterior distributions of imaging parameters, which in turn can be used to derive the most probable parameters as well as their uncertainties.MethodsOur deep learning‐based approaches are based on a variational Bayesian inference framework, which is implemented using two different deep neural networks based on conditional variational auto‐encoder (CVAE), CVAE‐dual‐encoder, and CVAE‐dual‐decoder. The conventional CVAE framework, that is, CVAE‐vanilla, can be regarded as a simplified case of these two neural networks. We applied these approaches to a simulation study of dynamic brain PET imaging using a reference region‐based kinetic model.ResultsIn the simulation study, we estimated posterior distributions of PET kinetic parameters given a measurement of the time–activity curve. Our proposed CVAE‐dual‐encoder and CVAE‐dual‐decoder yield results that are in good agreement with the asymptotically unbiased posterior distributions sampled by Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). The CVAE‐vanilla can also be used for estimating posterior distributions, although it has an inferior performance to both CVAE‐dual‐encoder and CVAE‐dual‐decoder.ConclusionsWe have evaluated the performance of our deep learning approaches for estimating posterior distributions in dynamic brain PET. Our deep learning approaches yield posterior distributions, which are in good agreement with unbiased distributions estimated by MCMC. All these neural networks have different characteristics and can be chosen by the user for specific applications. The proposed methods are general and can be adapted to other problems.
Dynamic mechanical behavior, microstructure evolution, and restoration mechanism of a β‐Ti alloy during hot compression deformation
Authors: Pan Xi , Li Pei , Chen Yang , Qi Zhixiang , Xu Hao , Cao Yuede , Lei Yuan , Zheng Gong , Chen Guang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMetastable β titanium alloys are promising materials for lightweight and energy‐efficient applications due to their high strength and low density. Thermal–mechanical processing (TMP) is one of the most effective ways to improve the mechanical properties of such alloys. This paper describes a systematic TMP investigation on a new metastable β titanium alloy, including its dynamic mechanical behavior, and microstructure evolution, via isothermal compression tests and electron back‐scattered diffraction characterizations. The results show that the compression stress increases with an increase in the strain rate and a decrease in the temperature. After yielding, the compression stress–strain pattern shows flow‐softening behavior at a low temperature and a high strain rate, while sustaining a steady flow state at a high temperature and a low strain rate. The temperature‐rise effect contributes to a large degree of flow softening at high strain rates. After the correction for temperature rise, the stress–strain constitutive relationships are established, showing that the compression behavior varies in different phase regions. Based on the microstructure characterizations, it is found that the dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization dominate the hot deformations in β phase region and at low strain rates, while the deformation band as an additional product is found in α + β phase region and at high strain rates. The results contribute to a better understanding of the TMP for the considered alloy and may also represent a useful database for β‐Ti alloy applications in lightweight mechanical systems.
The relationships between clinical teaching behaviour and transition shock in newly graduated nurses
Authors: Yun Bei , Su Qian , Ye Xuchun , Wu Yuhan , Chen Lian , Zuo Yamei , Liu Jia , Han Lin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimTo explore the relationships between clinical teaching behaviour and transition shock in newly graduated nurses and significant differences in the northwest and northeast China.DesignA cross‐sectional design.MethodsA total of 211 (nurses) and 925 (preceptors) were recruited in six Third‐class different hospitals from July to August 2019.ResultsThe transition shock is negatively correlated with the clinical teaching behaviour in northwest and northeast China, while the transition shock in the northwest is higher than that in the northeast for the behindhand economy and natural limit.ConclusionThe transition process of newly graduated nurses in northeast China with ethnic minorities and the behindhand economy is more difficult. For newly graduated nurses, personal health and a supportive environment need further improvement. Teaching strategies for preceptors need to be enhanced. Two‐way feedback is more useful for both the newly graduated nurses and preceptors to improve quality care, and holistic care.
Digital experiences of children and adolescents in India: New challenges for school counsellors
Authors: Choudhury Tanni , Choudhury Rashmi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe work of school counsellors has become complex with the increasing technological advances and adolescents' dependency on them. There is a surprising lack of study in the Indian context, aimed at school counsellor's challenges in dealing with adolescents' digital use. This paper provides better understanding of the challenges of school counsellors involving adolescents' digital use in Indian schools. Three significant themes emerged from the data analysis: (a) negative aspects of digital use among Indian adolescents, (b) the need to effectively teach how to navigate the digital world and (c) the challenge of integrating technology with traditional counselling approaches to educate adolescents about their digital use. Furthermore, this paper presents implications for school counselling practice and research within Indian context.
Model‐based population pharmacokinetic analysis of tislelizumab in patients with advanced tumors
Authors: Budha Nageshwar , Wu Chi‐Yuan , Tang Zhiyu , Yu Tian , Liu Lucy , Xu Fengyan , Gao Yuying , Li Ruiying , Zhang Qiuyang , Wan Ya , Sahasranaman Srikumar 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTislelizumab, a humanized immunoglobulin G4 monoclonal antibody, is a programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1) inhibitor designed to minimize Fc gamma receptor binding on macrophages to limit antibody‐dependent phagocytosis, a potential mechanism of resistance to anti–PD‐1 therapy. The pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of tislelizumab was analyzed with population PK modeling using 14,473 observed serum concentration data points from 2596 cancer patients who received intravenous (i.v.) tislelizumab at 0.5–10 mg/kg every 2 weeks or every 3 weeks (q3w), or a 200 mg i.v. flat dose q3w in 12 clinical studies. Tislelizumab exhibited linear PK across the dose range tested. Baseline body weight, albumin, tumor size, tumor type, and presence of antidrug antibodies were identified as significant covariates on central clearance, whereas baseline body weight, sex, and age significantly affected central volume of distribution. Sensitivity analysis showed that these covariates did not have clinically relevant effects on tislelizumab PK. Other covariates evaluated, including race (Asian vs. White), lactate dehydrogenase, estimated glomerular filtration rate, renal function categories, hepatic function measures and categories, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, therapy (monotherapy vs. combination therapy), and line of therapy did not show a statistically significant impact on tislelizumab PK. These results support the use of tislelizumab 200 mg i.v. q3w without dose adjustment in a variety of patient subpopulations.
Salidroside alleviates ulcerative colitis via inhibiting macrophage pyroptosis and repairing the dysbacteriosis‐associated Th17/Treg imbalance
Authors: Liu Xiaoman , Zhou Mingxia , Dai Zhenzhen , Luo Shangjian , Shi Yingying , He Zhenjuan , Chen Yingwei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUlcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by flora disequilibrium and mucosal immunity disorder. Here, we report that salidroside effectively restricts experimental colitis from two aspects of intestinal macrophage pyroptosis and dysbacteriosis‐derived colonic Th17/Treg imbalance. In innate immunity, the upregulated TREM1 and pyroptosis‐related proteins in inflamed colons were inhibited by salidroside administration and further experiments in vitro showed that salidroside suppressed LPS/ATP‐induced bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDMs) pyroptosis evident by the decline of LDH and IL‐1β release as well as the protein level of NLRP3, caspase‐1, and GSDMD p30. Moreover, the TREM1 inhibitor weakened the effect of salidroside on BMDMs pyroptosis, whereas salidroside still could downregulate TREM1 when NLRP3 was inhibited. In adaptive immunity, salidroside improved the gut microflora diversity and Th17/Treg ratio in DSS‐induced mice, especially promoting the abundance of Firmicutes. Clearance of the gut flora blocked the benefit of salidroside on colonic inflammation and Th17/Treg adaptive immunity, but transplanting salidroside‐treated foecal bacterium into flora‐depleted wild mice reproduced the resistance of salidroside to gut inflammation. Taken together, our data demonstrated that salidroside protected experimental colitis via skewing macrophage pyroptosis and Th17/Treg balance, indicating its potential effect on UC and other immune disorders.