bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic Reintervention for Intraperitoneal Leaks After Colonic Surgery: Do We Need a Routine Stoma?
Authors: Chen Yi-Chang , Fingerhut Abe , Tsai Yuan-Yao , Chang Sheng-Chi , Ke Tao-Wei , Shen Ming-Yin , Tzu-Liang Chen William 
Published: March 2022

Introduction No universal consensus exists on the management of intraperitoneal anastomosis leakage after colonic surgery. The aim of the study was to evaluate the outcomes of laparoscopic reintervention without stoma creation for intraperitoneal leaks after colonic surgery. Material and Methods Single tertiary center study conducted from January 2010 to December 2020. 54 patients with intraperitoneal leakage were divided into 2 groups according to whether they received a stoma (n = 37) or not (n = 17) during laparoscopic reintervention. Short term outcome was analyzed. Results Patients in the no stoma group had lower American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score ( P = .009), lower Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score (5 vs. 10; P < .001) compared with the stoma group. Intensive care unit admission (43.2% vs. 5.8%; P = .006) and major complications (35.1% vs. 5.8%; P = .015) occurred more in the stoma group compared to the no stoma group. After multivariate logistic regression analysis, initial surgical procedure ( P = .001) and APACHE II score ( P = .039) were significant predictors of no stoma. The APACHE II score( P = .035) was an independent predictor of major complications. Finally, Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis showed that the cutoff value of APACHE II score for no stoma was 7.5. Conclusions In our study, APACHE II score was an independent predictor of stoma formation and the cutoff value of APACHE II score for no stoma was 7.5. Our results need to be confirmed by larger and randomized studies. In particular, a specific APACHE II threshold to omit a stoma in this setting remains to be determined.
The Use of Intraoperative CT Hounsfield Unit Values for the Assessment of Bone Quality in Patients Undergoing Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Authors: Mertens Robert , Hecht Nils , Bauknecht Hans-Christian , Vajkoczy Peter 
Published: March 2022

Study Design Retrospective Cohort Study Objective To evaluate the accuracy of intraoperatively measured computed tomography (CT) Hounsfield unit (HU) values by comparison with preoperative CT HU values and to compare the radiation exposure between preoperative and intraoperative CT scans. Methods HU values of lumbar vertebrae were measured and compared between preoperative and intraoperative CT scans in patients undergoing lumbar interbody fusion. In patient group one, Canon CT scanners were used preoperatively and the AIRO CT scanner was used intraoperatively. In patient group two, Canon CT scanners were used preoperatively and the O-arm Cone Beam CT (CBCT) scanner was used intraoperatively. In a subgroup analysis of patient group one, radiation by means of CT Dose Index (CTDI) was compared between Canon and AIRO CT scanners. Results In the first patient group, a total of 250 vertebrae were analysed in 74 patients showing a strong Pearson correlation of >.94 between pre- and intraoperative HU values. Bland-Altman analysis indicated consistency and equivalence with a bias of 3.9 and 95% limits of agreement from −27.17 to 34.97 when comparing all pre- and intraoperative HU values of L1–5. In the second patient group, a total of 27 vertebrae were analysed in 10 patients showing weak Pearson correlation and Bland-Altman analysis indicated no equivalence. CTDI did not differ between Canon and AIRO CT scanners. Conclusion Correct and reliable CT HU measurement as mandatory key factor for the intraoperative assessment of bone quality and robotic-assisted surgery is feasible with intraoperative AIRO CT imaging without increase of radiation exposure.
Comparison of oral Dydrogesterone and 17-α hydroxyprogesterone caprate in the prevention of preterm birth
Authors: Alizadeh Fahimeh , Mahmoudinia Malihe , Mirteimoori Masoumeh , pourali Lila , Niroumand Shabnam 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Preterm birth (PTB) remains a significant problem in obstetric care. Progesterone supplements are believed to reduce the rate of preterm labor, but formulation, type of administration, and dosage varies in different studies. This study was performed to compare oral Dydrogesterone with intramuscular 17α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17α-OHPC) administration in prevention of PTB.

Methods
In this randomized clinical trial, we studied 150 women with singleton pregnancy in 28Th-34Th Gestational week, who had received tocolytic treatment for preterm labor. Participants were divided to receive 30 mg oral Dydrogesterone daily, 250 mg intramuscular 17α-OHPC weekly, or no intervention (control group). All treatments were continued until 37Th Week or delivery, whichever occurred earlier. Obstetric outcomes, including latency period, gestational age at delivery, birth weight, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, and neonatal mortality were recorded. All patients were monitored biweekly until delivery.

Results
Baseline gestational age was not significantly different between groups. Latency period was significantly longer in the progesterone group compared with Dydrogesterone and control groups (41.06 ± 17.29 vs. 29.44 ± 15.6 and 22.20 ± 4.51 days, respectively; P < 0.001). The progesterone group showed significantly better results compared with the other two groups, in terms of gestational age at delivery, birth weight, and Apgar score (P < 0.001). None of the participants showed severe complications, stillbirth, or gestational diabetes.

Conclusion
Progesterone caproate can strongly prolong the latency period and improve neonatal outcomes and therefore, is superior to oral Dydrogesterone in the prevention of PTB.
The prevalence and parameters of fabella and its association with medial meniscal tear in China: a retrospective study of 1011 knees
Authors: Zhong Jingyu , Zhang Guangcheng , Si Liping , Hu Yangfan , Xing Yue , He Yaohua , Yao Weiwu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundFabella is a sesamoid bone of knee that has potential biomechanical function. We aimed to examine the fabellar prevalence and parameters in Chinese population and test the hypothesis that fabellar presence and morphology were associated with meniscus tear or ligament injury.MethodsA total of 1011 knee magnetic resonance imaging scans from 979 patients with knee pain were analyzed retrospectively. The exclusion criteria are postsurgical scans, difficulty in fabella discrimination, conditions not suitable for measurement, and unsatisfied image. The fabellar presence and its parameters (length, width and thickness) were documented. The association between fabellar presence and meniscus tear or ligament injury were assessed by chi-square test, in all knees and subgroups (age, gender, side, lesion part). The correlation of fabellar presence and parameters with advancing age was assessed by Spearman correlation analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to investigate whether factors related with meniscus tear or ligament injury. Diagnostic performance of risk factors was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.ResultsThe overall prevalence of fabellae was 39.8% (402/1011 knees) and increased with the increasing age (r = 0.237, P < 0.001). The size of the fabellae differed according to genders, age, and presence of articulating grooves. Fabella presented more often in knees with medial meniscus (MM) tears (66.7% vs 33.8%; P < 0.001) with a multivariate OR of 2.960 (95% CI, 1.853–3.903). The association remained in all tear parts (anterior, middle, and posterior), and in younger (age < 50 years) and older patients (age ≥ 50 years). Age, fabellar length, width, length/thickness ratio and width/thickness ratio yielded an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.604–0.766 to predict an MM tear. In combination with age, fabellar width and length/thickness ratio, the AUC was improved 0.791 (95% CI, 0.744–0.837), with a sensitivity of 73.0% and a specificity of 74.6%.ConclusionThe presence of fabellae, increased fabellar length and width as well as flatter fabellar morphology, are significantly associated with an increased risk for MM tear. These findings might aid clinicians in identifying patients at risk for a MM tear and informing them.
Brain barriers virtual: an interim solution or future opportunity?
Authors: Holder Brianna M. , Tolan Shaina E. , Heinrich Kaleb K. , Miller Kaitlin C. , Hudson Natalie , Nehra Geetika , Pizzo Michelle E. , Storck Steffen E. , Elmquist William F. , Engelhardt Britta , Loryan Irena , Toborek Michal , Bauer Bjoern , Hartz Anika M. S. , Kim Brandon J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Scientific conferences are vital communication events for scientists in academia, industry, and government agencies. In the brain barriers research field, several international conferences exist that allow researchers to present data, share knowledge, and discuss novel ideas and concepts. These meetings are critical platforms for researchers to connect and exchange breakthrough findings on a regular basis. Due to the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic, all in-person meetings were canceled in 2020. In response, we launched the Brain Barriers Virtual 2020 (BBV2020) seminar series, the first stand-in virtual event for the brain barriers field, to offer scientists a virtual platform to present their work. Here we report the aggregate attendance information on two in-person meetings compared with BBV2020 and comment on the utility of the virtual platform.

Methods
The BBV2020 seminar series was hosted on a Zoom webinar platform and was free of cost for participants. Using registration- and Zoom-based data from the BBV2020 virtual seminar series and survey data collected from BBV2020 participants, we analyzed attendance trends, global reach, participation based on career stage, and engagement of BBV2020. We compared these data with those from two previous in-person conferences, a BBB meeting held in 2018 and CVB 2019.

Results
We found that BBV2020 seminar participation steadily decreased over the course of the series. In contrast, live participation was consistently above 100 attendees and recording views were above 200 views per seminar. We also found that participants valued BBV2020 as a supplement during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Based on one post-BBV2020 survey, the majority of participants indicated that they would prefer in-person meetings but would welcome a virtual component to future in-person meetings. Compared to in-person meetings, BBV2020 enabled participation from a broad range of career stages and was attended by scientists in academic, industry, and government agencies from a wide range of countries worldwide.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that a virtual event such as the BBV2020 seminar series provides easy access to science for researchers across all career stages around the globe. However, we recognize that limitations exist. Regardless, such a virtual event could be a valuable tool for the brain barriers community to reach and engage scientists worldwide to further grow the brain barriers research field in the future.
Synergistic effects of modified atmosphere packaging and cinnamaldehyde on bioactive compounds, aerobic mesophilic and psychrophilic bacteria of pomegranate arils during cold storage
Authors: Ranjbar Azam , Ramezanian Asghar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Ready-to-eat pomegranate arils are very perishable. In this research, the effect of packaging with two kinds of films fumigated with cinnamaldehyde (0, 100, 150, and 200 μL L−1), evaluated on bioactive compounds and microbial contamination of pomegranate arils during cold storage.

Results
Polyethylene + polyester (PE + PES) film containing cinnamaldehyde, preserved lightness (L*), and chroma index (C*) as compared with biaxial-oriented polypropylene (BOPP) film containing cinnamaldehyde. Anthocyanin content and phenolic compounds decreased during storage. PE + PES film containing cinnamaldehyde caused a significant delay in decreasing the trend of total antioxidant activity (TAA) during storage. The lowest number of aerobic mesophilic bacteria and psychrophilic bacteria were related to PE + PES film containing cinnamaldehyde.

Conclusions
Packaging with PE + PES film containing 200 μL L−1 cinnamaldehyde was the best treatment for preservation of bioactive compounds and extending the shelf life of pomegranate arils up to 25 days. This new packaging technique is promising for the preservation of pomegranate ready-to-use arils.

Graphical Abstract
Safely disposing unused and unwanted prescription and over-the-counter medications: a public health, housing, and safety partnership in Framingham, MA
Authors: Calise Tamara Vehige , Martin Sarah Levin , Wingerter Chloe 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The improper disposal of unused drugs can harm the environment and living beings. Programs such as drug take-back bins encourage people to dispose of unused medication at designated locations have increased. Unfortunately, awareness and participation is low, especially in ethnically and culturally diverse communities. The purpose of this paper is to describe the implementation of the Knock Talk and Toss (KTT), a drug take-back program aimed at taking unused drugs out of circulation and building police-resident connections in the housing authority of Framingham, MA.

Methods
Multi-lingual brochures on the dangers of unused drugs and safe disposal were distributed on residents’ doors via the police department and/or listservs to residents living in the housing authority. Awareness efforts were then followed-up by teams of individuals, including the police, going door-to-door to collect any unused drugs, no questions asked. During the visits, one team member observed resident characteristics, whether drugs were disposed, including the estimated quantity and type, and police/resident interactions. Interviews were conducted with key staff and Chi-square analyses were used to assess socio-demographic differences in proportions of individuals willing to toss drug(s).

Results
A total of 27 h were spent going door-to-door and 33 pounds of drugs were disposed. Households with observed adults aged 65 years or older and children/teenagers were twice as likely to dispose drugs compared to households, where these populations were not present.

Conclusion
Initiatives, such as KTT, where police go door-to-door in areas with a higher concentration of families and elderly may help take unused drugs out of circulation while also enabling the police to have a positive presence in the community.
The impact of a multicomponent-functional training with postural correction on functional balance in the elderly with a history of falling
Authors: Sedaghati Parisa , Goudarzian Maryam , Ahmadabadi Somayeh , Tabatabai-Asl Seyed Mojtaba 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Good posture plays a significant role for the elderly in achieving optimal quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of multicomponent functional training with postural correction on functional balance in the elderly with a history of falling.

Methods
This study was a randomized controlled, single-blind study. Subjects (n = 28, mean age = 70 years) with a history of falling were selected and randomly allocated to either a multicomponent functional training (n = 14) or a control group (n = 14). The experimental group exercised for 8 weeks, three days per week for 60 min per day. The training program with strength, endurance, and balance parts was conducted in the multi-task conditions to stimulate the physical and cognitive abilities focusing on the attentional-correct posture. The control group received conventional care. The Berg balance and short physical performance battery tests were used in the pre-test and post-test. The adjusted post-test means of experimental and control groups were analyzed using the ANCOVA test to eliminate any pretest effects.

Results
This study found a significant effect of training on Berg balance test (P = 0.001), Timed Up and Go with D-T (P = 0.01), Timed Up and Go (P = 0.002), and Short Physical Performance Battery (P = 0.001).

Conclusions
Eight weeks of multicomponent exercise training has beneficial effects on balance and physical function and results in improved equilibrium and a decreasing probability of falling. Therefore, practitioners can use this 8-week training program for older adults.
How does Covid-19 affect global equity markets?
Authors: Hui Eddie C. M. , Chan Ka Kwan Kevin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study applies OLS, panel regression and Granger causality test to investigate the impact of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) outbreak on the global equity markets during the early stage of the pandemic. We find that the Covid-19 outbreak has a significant negative impact on the overall equity index return of the eight economies even at 0.1% significance level. Furthermore, the pandemic has a more significant impact on the European countries than on the East Asian economies. The results have three main implications. Firstly, policy makers should react fast to mitigate the impact of a crisis. Secondly, investors should be aware of an outbreak of disease or other risks and adjust their investments accordingly. Furthermore, the Covid-19 outbreak results in a shift of power from the west to the east.
Operational risk assessment of third-party payment platforms: a case study of China
Authors: Yao Yinhong , Li Jianping 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOperational risk events have severely impacted the development of third-party payment (TPP) platforms, and have even led to a discussion on the operational risk capital charge settlement by relevant international regulators. However, prior studies have mostly focused on qualitative mechanism analysis, and have rarely examined quantitative risk assessment based on actual operational risk events. Therefore, this study attempts to assess the operational risk on TPP platforms in China by constructing a systematic framework incorporating database construction and risk modeling. First, the operational risk database that covers 202 events between Q1, 2014, and Q2, 2020 is constructed. Then, specific causes are clarified, and the characteristics are analyzed from both the trend and loss severity perspectives. Finally, the piecewise-defined severity distribution based-Loss Distribution Approach (PSD-LDA) with double truncation is utilized to assess the operational risk. Two main conclusions are drawn from the empirical analysis. First, legal risk and external fraud risk are the two main causes of operational risk. Second, the yearly Value at Risk and Expected Shortfall are 724.46 million yuan and 1081.98 million yuan under the 99.9% significance level, respectively. Our results are beneficial for both TPP platform operators and regulators in managing and controlling operational risk.
Integrating genre with ethnography as methodology in understanding L2 writing instruction in a Chinese university
Authors: Zhang Yimin , Pramoolsook Issra 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWith a growing recognition of the need to go beyond text and look into the context where the writing (or the teaching/learning of it) takes place, the ethnographic perspective has been fruitfully adopted in academic writing research. The present study, integrating the perspective of genre and ethnography as methodology, probed into the context of L2 English writing instruction in a Chinese university where three writing-related courses were offered to English majors throughout the curriculum. Through a sustained engagement in the courses under focus, we collected multiple types of data, such as the students’ writing samples, documents, teaching materials, and semi-structured interviews with students and course instructors, in an attempt to give a rich account of the core participants’ real-life experiences in teaching and learning L2 English writing. Results demonstrated that, although informed by the same national syllabus, the L2 writing instruction in reality consisted of a pedagogical “mosaic” that included the traditionalist, process-based and genre-based approaches, as well as various strategies chosen and practiced by individual instructors based on their own theoretical and pedagogical orientations. Future research may explore L2 writing instruction in analogical contexts more extensively through the suggestions offered in this paper.
Efficacy of hyaluronic acid, absorbable collagen sponge, and their combination in minimizing bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) after dental extraction: a preliminary animal histomorphometric study
Authors: Sarkarat Farzin , Modarresi Alireza , Riyahi Arefeh , Mortazavi Pejman , Tabandeh Fatemeh , Rakhshan Vahid 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction
There is no study on the effectiveness of hyaluronic acid (HA) placement either with or without absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) in reducing or preventing bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ). This preliminary animal study examined the efficacy of this clinically important treatment.

Methods
For simulating BRONJ, zoledronic acid was administered to 40 rats for 5 weeks. Two weeks later, a right first molar was extracted from each rat. The rats were randomized into four groups of socket treatments: control (empty extraction socket) or with sockets filled with ACS, HA, or HA+ACS (n=4×10). After 2 weeks, 5 rats in each group were sacrificed and subjected to histopathologic and histomorphometric evaluation. Eight weeks post-surgically, the rest of rats were euthanized and histologically examined. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the four treatments at each time point (α=0.05).

Results
Six rats were lost overall. In the second week, vascularization was higher in ACS group (P<0.05); osteoclast activity was not different between groups (P>0.05); empty lacunae were the most and fewest in control and HA+ACS groups, respectively (P<0.05); eosinophil infiltration was maximum in HA group (P<0.05); lymphocyte counts were maximum and minimum in the HA+ACS and ACS groups, respectively (P<0.05); the highest and lowest neutrophil counts were seen in ACS and control groups, respectively (P<0.05); and the extent of live bone did not differ between groups (P>0.05). In the eighth week, vascularization was not different in groups (P>0.05); the highest and lowest osteoclast activities were seen in the control and HA+ACS groups, respectively (P<0.05); empty lacunae were the most and fewest in control and HA+ACS, respectively (P<0.05); maximum and minimum numbers of eosinophils were in control and HA+ACS groups, respectively (P<0.05); HA and control groups exhibited the highest and lowest lymphocyte counts, respectively (P<0.05); the lowest and highest neutrophil counts were observed in HA+ACs and control groups, respectively (P<0.05); and the highest and lowest extents of the live bone were observed in HA+ACS and control groups, respectively (P<0.05).

Conclusions
Within the limitations of this preliminary animal study, HA and especially HA+ACS seem a proper method for preventing or treating BRONJ.