bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluasi Kinerja Pelayanan Angkutan Kota Samarinda (Studi Kasus Trayek B)
Authors: Purnomo Riska Anggraini 
Published: September 2022

Kota Samarinda memiliki kegiatan perkotaan yang kompleks dengan diarahkannya Kota Samarinda menjadi kawasan yang memiliki nilai strategis dari sudut kepentingan ekonomi, industri perdagangan jasa, sosial dan budaya, sehingga menyebabkan intensitas kegiatan perkotaan di Kota Samarinda menjadi tinggi dan berdampak pada peningkatan pergerakan. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan sarana pergerakan berupa moda transportasi salah satunya angkutan kota. Saat ini, angkutan kota Samarinda kurang diminati oleh masyarakat. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan data pengguna jasa angkutan kota Samarinda yang terus menurun dari tahun 2016-2018 sebesar 74% dan pada tahun 2018 jumlah pengguna angkutan kota Samarinda hanya berjumlah 1.125 jiwa. Berkurangnya penggunaan angkutan umum disebabkan karena masyarakat Kota Samarinda masih merasa kurang puas dengan kualitas pelayanan yang diberikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan evaluasi terhadap kinerja pelayanan angkutan kota Samarinda trayek B berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan RI Nomor 98 Tahun 2013 menggunakan metode analisis skoring. Adapun hasil evaluasi kinerja pelayanan angkutan trayek B sudah cukup baik. Beberapa variabel yang perlu dilakukan perbaikan guna menciptakan kinerja pelayanan yang optimal yaitu identitas kendaraan, identitas pengemudi, peralatan keselamatan, fasilitas kesehatan, informasi tanggap darurat, kebersihan, informasi pelayanan rute trayek, informasi tarif, informasi jadwal keberangkatan dan kedatangan. Kata kunci: Angkutan kota; Evaluasi; Kinerja Pelayanan
PENGGUNAAN JALUR PEDESTRIAN SEBAGAI SARANA EKONOMI DI KAWASAN MALIOBORO Studi Kasus Jalan Malioboro-Jalan Marga Mulya
Authors: Prasetya Yoga Ferniagus 
Published: September 2022

Kawasan Malioboro merupakan salah satu kawasan multifungsi di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, selain terkenal dengan pusat kantor pemerintahan, pusat pariwisata, Kawasan Malioboro juga terkenal dengan pusat perdagangan dan jasa. Sebagai kawasan yang multifungsi, sudah sewajarnya Kawasan Malioboro ini dilengkapi dengan fasilitas pendukung bagi para wisatawan yang sering mengunjunginya, salah satunya adalah jalur pejalan kaki (pedestrian ways). Terciptanya jalur pedestrian di Kawasan Malioboro dengan fasilitas yang mendukung keamanan dan kenyaman terhadap pejalan kaki membuat Kawasan Malioboro menjadi lebih sering dikunjungi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penggunaan jalur pedestrian sebagai sarana ekonomi khususnya bagi para pelaku ekonomi di Kawasan Malioboro (Jalan Malioboro-Jalan Marga Mulya). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan Skala Likert dan skoring. Indikator yang digunakan meliputi produktivitas, pendapatan laba, stabilitas, dan daya beli. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling dengan jumlah sampel 100 responden, meliputi empat jenis PKL yaitu PKL Pakaian, Kuliner, Aksesoris, dan Asongan. Hasil penelitian secara keseluruhan menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan jalur pedestrian sebagai sarana ekonomi di Kawasan Malioboro sudah dapat dikatakan efektif bagi para pelaku ekonomi atau memiliki daya guna yang besar bagi para pelaku ekonomi di kawasan tersebut. Adapun jika dirinci berdasarkan variabel hanya variabel tingkat laba yang mendapatkan hasil cukup efektif dikarenakan pengaruh modal dan penjualan. Sedangkan ketiga variabel lain seperti variabel tingkat produksi, rata-rata pendapatan, dan daya beli mendapatkan hasil efektif sehingga dapat diartikan bahwa penggunaan jalur pedestrian sebagai sarana ekonomi pasca penataan wajah baru Kawasan Malioboro telah dioperasionalkan dengan baik sehingga mampu memberi keberlanjutan manfaat bagi para pelaku ekonomi di jalur pedestrian ini. Kata kunci: efektivitas; jalur pedestrian; kawasan
Neuroendocrine effects of a single bout of functional and core stabilization training in women with chronic nonspecific low back pain: A crossover study
Authors: Santos Marta Silva , Santos Poliana de Jesus , Vasconcelos Alan Bruno Silva , Gomes Ana Carolina Amado , de Oliveira Luciana Maria , Souza Patrícia Rodrigues Marques , Heredia‐Elvar Juan Ramón , Da Silva‐Grigoletto Marzo Edir 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExercise‐induced hypoalgesia (EIH) is characterized as the pain reduction after an exercise session and it seems to be related to the release of plasma β‐endorphin. In this sense, the core stabilization training (CT) has been suggested for patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNSLBP), but it is unclear whether it induces EIH. Patients with CNSLBP have neuromotor dysfunctions that can affect the performance of functional tasks, thus, performing functional training (FT) could improve motor control and promote EIH, since functional training uses multi‐joint exercises that aim to improve the functionality of actions performed in daily life. EIH is usually assessed using quantitative sensory tests (QST) such as conditioned pain modulation, pressure pain threshold, and temporal summation. Thus, the sum of parameters from quantitative sensory tests and plasma β‐endorphin would make it possible to understand what the neuroendocrine effects of FT and CT session are. Our study compared the acute effect of CT and FT on the EIH and plasma β‐endorphin release, and correlated plasma β‐endorphin with quantitative sensory testing in patients with CNSLBP. Eighteen women performed two training sessions (CT and FT) with an interval of 48 h between sessions. EIH was assessed by QST and plasma β‐endorphin levels. Results showed that only FT significantly increased plasma β‐endorphin (FT p < 0.01; CT p = 0.45), which correlated with pain pressure threshold (PPT) and conditioned pain modulation (CPM). However, QST values were not different in women with CNSLBP after CT or FT protocols. Plasma β‐endorphin correlated with PPT and CPM, however, the same did not occur with a temporal summation.
Heart rate changes and myocardial sodium
Authors: Nelson Gabrielle , Ye Bo , Schock Morgan , Lustgarten Daniel L. , Mayhew Elisabeth K. , Palmer Bradley M. , Meyer Markus 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHistoric studies with sodium ion (Na+) micropipettes and first‐generation fluorescent probes suggested that an increase in heart rate results in higher intracellular Na+‐levels. Using a dual fluorescence indicator approach, we simultaneously assessed the dynamic changes in intracellular Na+ and calcium (Ca2+) with measures of force development in isolated excitable myocardial strip preparations from rat and human left ventricular myocardium at different stimulation rates and modeled the Na+‐effects on the sodium‐calcium exchanger (NCX). To gain further insight into the effects of heart rate on intracellular Na+‐regulation and sodium/potassium ATPase (NKA) function, Na+, and potassium ion (K+) levels were assessed in the coronary effluent (CE) of paced human subjects. Increasing the stimulation rate from 60/min to 180/min led to a transient Na+‐peak followed by a lower Na+‐level, whereas the return to 60/min had the opposite effect leading to a transient Na+‐trough followed by a higher Na+‐level. The presence of the Na+‐peak and trough suggests a delayed regulation of NKA activity in response to changes in heart rate. This was clinically confirmed in the pacing study where CE‐K+ levels were raised above steady‐state levels with rapid pacing and reduced after pacing cessation. Despite an initial Na+ peak that is due to a delayed increase in NKA activity, an increase in heart rate was associated with lower, and not higher, Na+‐levels in the myocardium. The dynamic changes in Na+ unveil the adaptive role of NKA to maintain Na+ and K+‐gradients that preserve membrane potential and cellular Ca2+‐hemostasis.
Can mobilization of bone marrow stem cells be an alternative regenerative therapy to stem cell injection in a rat model of chronic kidney disease?
Authors: Morsy Shereen , Mansour Mona F. , Abdo Mohamed , El‐Wazir Yasser 
Published: September 2022

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a priority health problem affecting 36% of Egyptians. Adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) have multidifferentiation capacity and the ability to restore several types of cells including damaged renal cells. Granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) is known to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells from bone marrow to the peripheral circulation. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of endogenous CD34+ cells mobilization and exogenous ADMSCs administration in the treatment of a rat model of adriamycin (ADR)‐induced CKD. A total of 48 male albino rats of the local strain (200 ± 50 g) were equally divided into four groups: control negative, ADR (control positive), ADMSCs group, and G‐CSF group. Six rats from each group were sacrificed after 4 weeks and the other 6 after 12 weeks. Renal function was assessed frequently by measuring serum creatinine, albumin, urea, 24‐h urinary protein level, and hemoglobin level throughout the study. Oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant (TAO) were measured on day 28. CD‐34+ cell percentage was measured on day 9. After the sacrification of the rats, kidneys were removed for histopathological assessment. Results revealed that both ADMSCs and G‐CSF significantly improved serum creatinine, albumin, urea, 24‐h urinary protein level, and histopathological damage score, with the G‐CSF‐treated group showing better improvement in 24‐h urinary protein level, serum albumin, and histopathological damage score compared with ADMSCs‐treated group. The G‐CSF group also had significantly higher levels of CD34+ cells. Oxidative stress markers (MDA and TAO) levels were significantly improved with both therapies. We conclude that mobilization of endogenous hematopoietic stem cells by G‐CSF is more effective than exogenously injected ADMSCs in protecting the kidneys against AD‐induced toxicity.
Identity construction of multilingual parents in the context of parental engagement
Authors: Schörghofer-Queiroz Valéria 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Parental engagement is a multidimensional construct closely linked to pupils’ success at school. Despite this relevance, multilingual families often face challenges in the process of engaging with their children’s learning, since they might deal with barriers and constraints in the school space due to prevailing structures and dominant ideologies. In order to support their children in their learning process, however, multilingual parents seek to invest in practices and negotiate identities to gain membership in the school community. Considering this context, this ongoing research aims to analyze how multilingual migrant adults with kindergarten and school-aged children construct their identity while engaging with their children’s education. To achieve this goal, case studies have been conducted with multilingual parents in Austria, collecting data from diary entries, narrative interviews and observations of parent-school meetings. This triangulation of methods intends to provide an emic and etic overview of the data, which will be analyzed according to steps proposed by the Discourse Historical Approach and the ethnographic framework. Within this scope, this study aims to contribute to enhance parental engagement by multilingual families in the context of migration, by suggesting a shift from a dominant point of view to a more comprehensive understanding of parental engagement. Besides that, this research also contributes to broaden discussions in the research areas of Educational Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, as well as Teacher Education. This paper is part of the AILA Europe Special Issue in the modality short paper for Junior Researchers, which intends to give a slight overview of an ongoing research.
Robust visualization of trajectory data
Authors: Zhang Ying , Klein Karsten , Deussen Oliver , Gutschlag Theodor , Storandt Sabine 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The analysis of movement trajectories plays a central role in many application areas, such as traffic management, sports analysis, and collective behavior research, where large and complex trajectory data sets are routinely collected these days. While automated analysis methods are available to extract characteristics of trajectories such as statistics on the geometry, movement patterns, and locations that might be associated with important events, human inspection is still required to interpret the results, derive parameters for the analysis, compare trajectories and patterns, and to further interpret the impact factors that influence trajectory shapes and their underlying movement processes. Every step in the acquisition and analysis pipeline might introduce artifacts or alterate trajectory features, which might bias the human interpretation or confound the automated analysis. Thus, visualization methods as well as the visualizations themselves need to take into account the corresponding factors in order to allow sound interpretation without adding or removing important trajectory features or putting a large strain on the analyst. In this paper, we provide an overview of the challenges arising in robust trajectory visualization tasks. We then discuss several methods that contribute to improved visualizations. In particular, we present practical algorithms for simplifying trajectory sets that take semantic and uncertainty information directly into account. Furthermore, we describe a complementary approach that allows to visualize the uncertainty along with the trajectories.
Analytical design of fiber-optic FM/PM demodulator
Authors: Chattopadhyay Taraprasad , Pal Partha Pratim , Chakraborty Meenakshi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the concept of a novel optical FM/PM demodulator which can be designed from low-cost passive optical components and can have peak-to-peak bandwidth in the GHz region has been described. The bandwidth can be increased by reducing the single mode fiber length incorporated in the design, which is followed by a corresponding fall in frequency sensitivity of the device. The bandwidth and frequency sensitivity can be traded-off keeping their product a constant. The crossover wavelength can be tuned by changing the length of the optical delay line and the length of the single mode fiber (SMF). The Figure of Merit (FOM) of the demodulator, defined as the bandwidth sensitivity product, has a value of π which is greater than that of a passive hybrid Tee microwave discriminator and those of Mach-Zehnder interferometer-based designs. Calculated third harmonic distortion (3HD) of the demodulated optical FM signal increases with the increase in FM index and with the increase in SMF length for a given modulation frequency. Typical 3HD for the device with SMF length of 1 cm is calculated to be −39.9 dB for FM index = 2 and a modulation frequency of 400 MHz.
Communication challenges and transformations in the Digital Era: emoji language and emoji translation
Authors: Leonardi Vanessa 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Digital Age has significantly changed how people communicate. Thanks to technology, people have a large variety of communication tools to choose from, such as emails or instant messaging applications, that allows communication to be easier, quicker and, to a certain extent, more efficient. In this technological scenario, emojis play a fundamental role as a kind of universal form of communication. Furthermore, thanks to translation, which acts as a bridge for people from different linguistic and cultural backgrounds, communication can cross national barriers and spread worldwide. Communication and translation share a common goal that is ‘mutual understanding’. What happens, therefore, when translation meets both technology and emojis in the Digital Age? A new form of communication through translation has emerged, that is emoji translation. The aim of this paper is to show, through a series of examples, how emojis have been recently employed in communication and translation in an attempt to establish whether their use, besides creativity, can be universally accepted and understood worldwide.
Superheterodyne-inspired waveguide-integrated metasurfaces for flexible free-space light manipulation
Authors: Wu Geng-Bo , Zhu Shu-Yan , Pang Stella W. , Chan Chi Hou 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Metasurfaces have attracted significant attention in recent years due to their unprecedented light-manipulation abilities. However, most metasurfaces so far have relied on external light excitation, prohibiting them from full on-chip integration. Inspired by the superheterodyne principle in radio communications, here we propose a new waveguide-integrated metasurface architecture capable of converting in-plane guided modes into any desired out-of-plane free-space modes. A theoretical model, verified by simulation and experiment, is developed to provide a deep understanding of the involved physical mechanism and facilitate innovative metasurface designs. The judicious design of baseband signals allows the silicon-based superheterodyne metasurfaces to achieve complex light manipulations, including arbitrary-direction beam deflection and focusing. The proposed superheterodyne metasurface is a marriage of radio communications and photonics. It provides a paradigm shift of metasurface designs and empowers integrated photonic devices with extraordinary free-space interactivity capability, enabling a broad spectrum of applications in communications, remoting sensing, and imaging.
Cattle husbandry in the Iron Age and Roman Netherlands: chronological developments and regional differences in cattle frequencies, management, size and shape
Authors: Groot Maaike , Albarella Umberto 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cattle are the dominant species in most archaeological sites in the Netherlands during the Iron Age and Roman period. However, there are differences in the relative importance of cattle and in how cattle were managed. The aim of this paper is to find out which changes in cattle husbandry occurred between the Iron Age and Roman period, and whether these changes are related to introduced Roman practices. For this study, the Netherlands was divided into four regions, of which the northern region lies outside the Roman Empire. This allows a comparison of regions within and outside the Roman Empire and the potential identification of differential economic developments.
First, we looked at diachronic changes and regional differences in the relative proportion of cattle compared to the other main domestic species. Second, data on slaughter ages were used to draw conclusions about the main product cattle were kept for: milk, meat or traction. Next, biometric data were used to investigate sex ratios of cattle, which – combined with mortality profiles – inform about management practices. Finally, biometric data were analysed using the log size index method to trace diachronic changes and regional differences in cattle size.
A size increase and the growing role of cattle for traction and as meat providers in towns is also seen in other parts of the northwestern provinces. These changes can directly be related to the Roman occupation and the demand for meat and other animal products.
Dual-site TMS as a tool to probe effective interactions within the motor network: a review
Authors: Van Malderen Shanti , Hehl Melina , Verstraelen Stefanie , Swinnen Stephan P. , Cuypers Koen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Dual-site transcranial magnetic stimulation (ds-TMS) is well suited to investigate the causal effect of distant brain regions on the primary motor cortex, both at rest and during motor performance and learning. However, given the broad set of stimulation parameters, clarity about which parameters are most effective for identifying particular interactions is lacking. Here, evidence describing inter- and intra-hemispheric interactions during rest and in the context of motor tasks is reviewed. Our aims are threefold: (1) provide a detailed overview of ds-TMS literature regarding inter- and intra-hemispheric connectivity; (2) describe the applicability and contributions of these interactions to motor control, and; (3) discuss the practical implications and future directions. Of the 3659 studies screened, 109 were included and discussed. Overall, there is remarkable variability in the experimental context for assessing ds-TMS interactions, as well as in the use and reporting of stimulation parameters, hindering a quantitative comparison of results across studies. Further studies examining ds-TMS interactions in a systematic manner, and in which all critical parameters are carefully reported, are needed.
Middle-income traps and complexity in economic development
Authors: Asano Takao , Shibata Akihisa , Yokoo Masanori 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we develop a simple multi-technology overlapping generations model that exhibits a wide variety of economic development patterns. In particular, our numerical simulations demonstrate that for a given set of parameter values, various types of development patterns such as the middle-income trap, the poverty trap, periodic or chaotic fluctuations, and high-income paths can coexist, and which pattern is realized depends only on the initial value of capital. For another set of parameter values, we show that, due to the pinball effect, an economy starting at a middle-income level can take off to the high-income state or get caught in the poverty trap in a seemingly random way after undergoing transient chaotic motions. Our results can explain observed complicated patterns of economic development in a unified manner.
On the properties of null subjects in sign languages: the case of French Sign Language (LSF)
Authors: Jaber Angélique , Donati Caterina , Geraci Carlo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe typology of subject omission in simple declarative sentences ranges from languages that simply do not allow it like English and French to languages that allow it as long as a minimum degree of topicality is guaranteed like Chinese and Japanese. In between there are various languages in which subject omission is licensed, for example by rich agreement like in Italian and Spanish, or by a particular set of grammatical features like first and second person in Finnish, or tense like in Hebrew. In other languages subject omission is only limited to expletive sentences like in German. This rich typology observed in spoken languages is also attested across sign languages, with one important exception: there is no known sign language disallowing subject omission categorically. The goals of this paper are twofold: first, we apply syntactic and semantic tests to assess the boundaries of subject omission in French Sign Language and characterize it within the typology; second, we discuss in light of some particular aspects of grammars in the visual modality this apparent anomaly of sign languages.