bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between anxiety and depression under the pandemic: The role of life meaning
Authors: Shek Daniel T. L. , Chai Wenyu , Tan Lindan 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionCOVID-19 is a stressor creating much anxiety for the general public, such as anxiety related to possible infection, social distancing, financial strain and uncertainty. As the scientific literature shows that there is an intimate relationship between anxiety and depression, it is important to ask whether anxiety is related to depression under the pandemic and whether spirituality indexed by life meaning can moderate the relationship between anxiety and depression. According to theories highlighting the importance of life meaning, relative to people with a higher level of life meaning, the relationship between anxiety and depression would be stronger in people with a lower level of life meaning.MethodsEmpirically, we collected data in two waves (i.e., before and after the first wave of COVID-19, respectively) from 4,981 adolescents recruited in Sichuan, China. Then, the 41-item “Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders” was employed to measure anxiety symptoms, 20-item “Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale” was utilized to examine depression symptoms, and the “Spirituality Subscale of the Chinese Positive Youth Development Scale” for assessing life meaning.ResultsWe found that anxiety significantly predicted depression at each wave and across time. Second, controlling for Wave 1 depression scores, results showed that a drop in Wave 1 anxiety predicted a drop in depressive symptoms over time. Regarding the relationship between meaning in life and depression, spirituality indexed by meaning in life negatively predicted depression at each wave and over time, and predicted change in depression across time. Finally, multiple regression analyses showed that life meaning moderated the predictive effect of anxiety on depression.DiscussionThe findings support the thesis that spirituality serves as a protective factor for psychological morbidity in Chinese adolescents. The study also suggests the importance of helping adolescents to develop life meaning under COVID-19.
I can see my virtual body in a mirror: The role of visual perspective in changing implicit racial attitudes using virtual reality
Authors: Marini Maddalena , Casile Antonino 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionRecent studies showed that VR is a valid tool to change implicit attitudes toward outgroup members. Here, we extended this work by investigating conditions under which virtual reality (VR) is effective in changing implicit racial attitudes.MethodsTo this end, participants were embodied in a Black or White avatar and we manipulated the perspective through which they could see their virtual body. Participants in one condition, could see their virtual body both from a first-person perspective (i.e., by looking down toward themselves) and reflected in a mirror placed in front of them in the VR environment. Participants in another condition could instead see their virtual body only from a first-person perspective (i.e., by looking down toward themselves) as no mirror was placed in the VR environment. Implicit racial attitudes were assessed using the Implicit Association Test (IAT) before and immediately after the VR intervention.ResultsResults showed that when White participants were embodied in a Black avatar compared to a White avatar, they showed a decrease in their implicit pro-White attitudes but only when they could see their virtual body both from a first-person perspective and in a mirror.DiscussionThese results suggest that, in immersive virtual reality interventions, the possibility for participants to see their body also reflected in a mirror, might be a critical factor in changing their implicit racial attitudes.
Prevalence of Mycobacterium avium Subsp. paratuberculosis in Feral Pigeons (Columba livia) Associated with Difficulties Controlling Paratuberculosis in a Bovine Herd (Fighting Bull Breed)
Authors: Seva Juan , Sanes J. Manuel , Mas Alberto , Ramis Guillermo , Sánchez Joaquín , Párraga-Ros Ester 
Published: November 2022

A bovine herd with a high prevalence of paratuberculosis (PTB) cohabiting with a population of pigeons was studied (2011–2020). After finding the disease in 2011, annual monitoring was performed in 2012–2014 by obtaining blood samples for ELISA and intradermal tuberculinization (IT) tests for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). Positive animals were eliminated. PTB prevalence dropped from 10% to 0% but returned to similar values (9.5%) after 6 years without tests. In all animals, Ac values according to the optical density (OD) determined by ELISA increased each year and could be used to isolate herds close to the cutoff point to improve PTB control. Possible reservoirs were considered after evaluating the little success of the PTB control program, and the population of feral pigeons was studied. Specifically, 10% of the pigeon population (n = 13) was necropsied. Samples of intestine, feces, and foot skin for PCR study for MAP and samples of terminal intestine for histopathological analysis were taken. Eleven pigeons were PCR-positive against MAP, in the intestine (10/11), foot skin (3/11), and feces (1/11). The presence of MAP in pigeon feet could demonstrate its role as a mechanical disseminator of PTB, while the presence in pigeon intestine and feces could also suggest its role as a reservoir.
Photosynthetic Processes and Light Response Model Fitting of Quercus acutissima Carruth. and Quercus variabilis Bl. in the Changjiang River Delta, China
Authors: Ruan Cunxin , Hu Haibo , Cheng Can , Fang Pei , Jia Xichuan , Wu Zhaoming , Zhu Li 
Published: November 2022

Plants have the capacity to fix CO2 through photosynthesis. To reveal the photosynthetic processes of Quercus acutissima Carruth. and Quercus variabilis Bl., their net photosynthetic rates were quantified during the early and peak growing seasons. To evaluate forest photosynthetic efficiencies, the photosynthetic light response curves of Q. acutissima and Q. variabilis were fitted by the rectangular hyperbola model (RHM), non-rectangular hyperbola model (NHM), and modified rectangular hyperbola model (Ye model). The results revealed the following: (1) All daily variation curves of the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductivity, and transpiration rate were single-peaked. The peak times of the Q. acutissima and Q. variabilis’ net photosynthetic rates appeared at 12:00 am during the early growing season and 10:00 am during the peak growing season. (2) The photosynthetic capacities of both Q. acutissima and Q. variabilis during peak growing seasons were higher than during the early growing season. (3) The net photosynthetic rate was found to be positively correlated with stomatal conductivity, the transpiration rate, and photosynthetically active radiation, and it was negatively correlated with the intercellular CO2 concentration. (4) The Ye model provided the best fit for the light response curves of Q. acutissima and Q. variabilis when compared with the rectangular hyperbola and nonrectangular hyperbola models. The photosynthetic performance of Q. acutissima was superior to that of Q. variabilis; thus, it can be employed as a priority tree species in carbon sink forests.
Chemical Composition, Phytotoxic and Antibiofilm Activity of Seven Eucalyptus Species from Tunisia
Authors: Khedhri Sana , Polito Flavio , Caputo Lucia , Manna Francesco , Khammassi Marwa , Hamrouni Lamia , Amri Ismail , Nazzaro Filomena , De Feo Vincenzo , Fratianni Florinda 
Published: November 2022

This study was carried out to characterize the chemical composition of the essential oils from seven Eucalyptus species (E. griffithsii, E. hemiphloia, E. lesouefii, E. longicornis, E. pyriformis, E. viminalis, and E. wandoo), as well as their phytotoxic and antibacterial activities. The essential oils were analyzed by GC/MS and the potential in vitro phytotoxicity was evaluated against germination and radical elongation of Raphanus sativus, Lolium multiflorum, and Sinapis arvensis seeds. The antibiofilm activity was studied against both Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter baumannii) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes) bacteria. The inhibition of biofilm formation and its metabolism was determined at different times. Eucalyptol was the most abundant component in all essential oils studied (ranging from 40.8% for E. lesouefii EO to 73.6% for E. wandoo) except for that of E. pyriformis where it was present but at 15.1%. E. pyriformis was the most active against both germination and radical elongation of S. arvensis. The action of all essential oils proved to be highly effective in inhibiting the bacterial adhesion process of the five strains considered. In light of these results, these essential oils could have potential applications both in the agricultural and health fields.
Solution Set of the Yang-Baxter-like Matrix Equation for an Idempotent Matrix
Authors: Xu Xiaoling , Lu Linzhang , Liu Qilong 
Published: November 2022

Given a complex idempotent matrix A, we derive simple, sufficient and necessary conditions for a matrix X being a nontrivial solution of the Yang-Baxter-like matrix equation AXA = XAX, discriminating commuting solutions from non-commuting ones. On this basis, we construct all the commuting solutions of the nonlinear matrix equation.
Design of Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna on Dielectric and Magnetic Metamaterial Composite Substrate
Authors: Al-Omari Mousa , Attia Hussein , Qureshi Khurram Karim , Sheikh Sharif Iqbal 
Published: November 2022

<p>Reconfigurable planar antennas are essential in multifunctional wireless communication devices. This paper presents the design of a frequency reconfigurable patch antenna printed on a composite substrate made of a dielectric and a magnetic metamaterial (MMM). The MMM comprises magnetized ferrite slabs with embedded split-ring resonators (SRR). The constructive coupling between the resonances of the magnetized ferrites and SRR is optimized to achieve promising reconfigurable properties. The proposed frequency reconfigurable antenna demonstrates a 158% increase in the frequency tuning range. Furthermore, the simulated results are experimentally verified, and the composite substrate shows slight effects on the antenna radiation characteristics.<br>
</p>
Waveform Design with Constellation Extension for OFDM Dual-Functional Radar-Communications
Authors: Memisoglu Ebubekir , Yılmaz Talha , Arslan Hüseyin 
Published: November 2022

<p>Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is widely used and works efficiently for the communication, but emerging applications requires OFDM to be flexible to meet sensing requirements. The time-frequency waveform design of OFDM for dual-functional radar-communications (DFRC) is critical to achieve the future communication and sensing requirements. Therefore, we propose a novel method to minimize Cram\'{e}r-Rao bounds (CRBs) of the delay and Doppler estimation to improve radar performance of an OFDM DFRC system. Although some methods are proposed in the literature to improve the CRBs, these methods either require feedforward signaling or subcarrier reservation. However, it is possible to exploit the constellation extension of quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) to achieve lower CRBs without these requirements. Therefore, the proposed method provides a transparent communication along with the CRB minimization for conventional OFDM systems. For the evaluation of the proposed method, CRB and symbol error rate (SER) are considered in the simulation results. Furthermore, the theoretical SER analysis of the proposed method is derived to understand the effects of CRB minimization on the communication performance.</p>
¿Es Perú el país con mayor tasa de mortalidad en el mundo?: un análisis situacional
Authors: Gonzales Gustavo F. 
Published: November 2022

La pandemia de COVID-19 oficialmente ha ocasionado, a mayo de 2022, más de 6,9 millones de muertes en el mundo; sin embargo, esta cifra se encuentra tres veces por debajo de los excesos de muerte para el mismo periodo. El Perú, al 14 de agosto de 2022, tiene la mayor tasa de mortalidad en el mundo. Esto se debe a que corrigió las muertes por COVID-19, incorporando el exceso de mortalidad el 31 de mayo de 2021, pasando de 70 mil muertes a 180 mil. El número de casos en los países más pobres es menor que en los países de mayores ingresos, sin embargo, la tasa de letalidad (muertes/casos* mil) es mayor. La mayor severidad de la infección en los países más pobres se debe a la desigualdad en los servicios de salud y en la menor cobertura de vacunación. Luego del primer caso de COVID-19, presentado en marzo de 2020 en Perú, han ocurrido cuatro olas con diferentes intensidades y amplitudes. La de mayor intensidad, pero de menor amplitud fue la tercera ola y, actualmente, estamos en las finales de la cuarta ola. La mayor cantidad de muertes se observa en la primera y segunda ola, y es mucho menor en la tercera y cuarta ola, donde los casos fueron mayores. En el Perú, la vacuna se aplicó desde el 9 de febrero de 2021. Ese día se aplicó la vacuna contra COVID-19 del laboratorio chino Sinopharm a 3 842 personas. Desde ahí, las vacunas utilizadas en Perú corresponden a los laboratorios Sinopharm, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Moderna y Janssen. Actualmente, hay personas, particularmente el personal de salud y mayores de edad, que ya han recibido una cuarta dosis. En esta revisión también se analiza la influencia de las aglomeraciones de personas, la vida en zonas altitudinales, la edad cronológica, la contaminación ambiental, la medicación y la automedicación en la severidad de la COVID-19. Por efecto de la pandemia, la esperanza de vida en América Latina se ha reducido en dos años. En conclusión, el Perú ha sincerado sus muertes por COVID-19 basado en los cálculos de exceso de mortalidad, lo cual debería ser realizado en los otros países de la región para determinar la real magnitud de la pandemia en América Latina y El Caribe y explicar los factores que la determinan en cada país. Por ello, no es aceptable decir que Perú tiene la mayor tasa de mortalidad en el mundo. En el Perú, como en otras partes del mundo, los mayores de edad representan cerca del 87% de las muertes y los programas de los gobiernos deben priorizar este grupo etario para tratar de reducir su alta tasa de mortalidad.
Automatic imitation of human and computer-generated vocal stimuli
Authors: Wilt Hannah , Wu Yuchunzi , Trotter Antony , Adank Patti 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObserving someone perform an action automatically activates neural substrates associated with executing that action. This covert response, orautomatic imitation, is measured behaviourally using the stimulus–response compatibility (SRC) task. In an SRC task, participants are presented with compatible and incompatible response–distractor pairings (e.g., an instruction to say “ba” paired with an audio recording of “da” as an example of an incompatible trial). Automatic imitation is measured as the difference in response times (RT) or accuracy between incompatible and compatible trials. Larger automatic imitation effects have been interpreted as a larger covert imitation response. Past results suggest that an action’s biological status affects automatic imitation: Human-produced manual actions show enhanced automatic imitation effects compared with computer-generated actions. Per the integrated theory for language comprehension and production, action observation triggers a simulation process to recognize and interpret observed speech actions involving covert imitation. Human-generated actions are predicted to result in increased automatic imitation because the simulation process is predicted to engage more for actions produced by a speaker who is more similar to the listener. We conducted an online SRC task that presented participants with human and computer-generated speech stimuli to test this prediction. Participants responded faster to compatible than incompatible trials, showing an overall automatic imitation effect. Yet the human-generated and computer-generated vocal stimuli evoked similar automatic imitation effects. These results suggest that computer-generated speech stimuli evoke the same covert imitative response as human stimuli, thus rejecting predictions from the integrated theory of language comprehension and production.
Evidence for Large-scale Excesses Associated with Low H i Column Densities in the Sky. I. Dust Excess
Authors: Casandjian Jean-Marc , Ballet Jean , Grenier Isabelle , Remy Quentin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Where dust and gas are uniformly mixed, atomic hydrogen can be traced through the detection of far-infrared (FIR) or UV emission of dust. We considered, for the origin of discrepancies observed between various direct and indirect tracers of gas outside the Galactic plane, possible corrections to the zero levels of the Planck High Frequency Instrument (HFI) detectors. We set the zero levels of the Planck-HFI skymaps as well as the 100 μm map from COBE/DIRBE and IRAS from the correlation between FIR emission and atomic hydrogen column density excluding regions of lowest gas column density. A modified blackbody model fit to those new zero-subtracted maps led to significantly different maps of the opacity spectral index β and temperature T and an overall increase in the optical depth at 353 GHz τ
353 of 7.1 × 10−7 compared to the data release 2 Planck map. When comparing τ
353 and the H i column density, we observed a uniform spatial distribution of the opacity outside regions with dark neutral gas and CO except in various large-scale regions of low N
H i
that represent 25% of the sky. In those regions, we observed an average dust column density 45% higher than predictions based on N
H i
with a maximum of 250% toward the Lockman Hole region. From the average opacity σ

e353 = (8.9 ± 0.1) × 10−27 cm2, we deduced a dust-to-gas mass ratio of 0.53 × 10−2. We did not see evidence of dust associated with a Reynolds layer of ionized hydrogen. We measured a far-ultraviolet isotropic intensity of 137 ± 15 photons s−1 cm−2 sr−1 Å−1 in agreement with extragalactic flux predictions and a near-ultraviolet isotropic intensity of 378 ± 45 photons s−1 cm−2 sr−1 Å−1 corresponding to twice the predicted flux.
Turbulent Transport of Dust Particles in Protostellar Disks: The Effect of Upstream Diffusion
Authors: Zhou 周 Tingtao 廷弢 , Deng 邓 Hong-Ping 洪平 , Chen 陈 Yi-Xian 逸贤 , Lin 林 Douglas N. C. 潮 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We study the long-term radial transport of micron to millimeter-size grains in protostellar disks (PSDs) based on diffusion and viscosity coefficients measured from 3D global stratified-disk simulations with a Lagrangian hydrodynamic method. While gas drag tends to transport dust species radially inwards, stochastic diffusion can spread a considerable fraction of dust radially outwards (upstream) depending on the nature of turbulence. In gravitationally unstable disks, we measure a high radial diffusion coefficient D
r ∼ H
2Ω with little dependence on altitude. This leads to strong and vertically homogeneous upstream diffusion in early PSDs. In the solar nebula, the robust upstream diffusion of micron to millimeter-size grains not only efficiently transports highly refractory micron-size grains (such as those identified in the samples of comet 81P/Wild 2) from their regions of formation inside the snow line out to the Kuiper Belt, but can also spread millimeter-size calcium–aluminum-rich inclusions formed close to the Sun to distances where they can be assimilated into chondritic meteorites. In disks dominated by magnetorotational instability, the upstream diffusion effect is generally milder, with a separating feature due to diffusion being stronger in the surface layer than in the midplane. This variation becomes much more pronounced if we additionally consider a quiescent midplane with lower turbulence and larger characteristic dust size due to nonideal MHD effects. This segregation scenario helps to account for the dichotomy of the spatial distribution of two dust populations as observed in scattered light and Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array images.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on grief, death, mourning, and coping
Authors: Majid Abdul , Suhaff Ajaz A. , Teli Bilal A. , Rafiq Farhana , Bhat Aijaz 
Published: November 2022

Background:
The outbreak of COVID-19 has influenced every sphere and all aspects of life. COVID patients were kept in isolation to curb the spread of the infection; such situations led to mental health issues in patients as well as in their families.

Aims and Objectives:
The aim and objectives of the current study were to find the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on grief, death mourning and coping in Kashmir.

Materials and Methods:
For the deeper understanding of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic, both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used. A sample of 89 individuals whose loved ones died (COVID or non-COVID deaths) during pandemic were enrolled with purposive sampling technique. The sociodemographic details of both participants as well as the deceased persons were recorded, followed by semi-structured interview, Brief Cope Scale (BCS) and Pandemic Grief Scale (PGS).

Results:
Majority of the participants who lost a relative due to COVID-19 who were males in the age-group of 60 years and above. Grief was found more in males and in relatives whose loved ones died of COVID-19. Coping strategies adopted by the family members whose relative died of COVID more often adopted avoidant coping strategies as compared to non-COVID deaths. Mostly, deaths occurred when the family members were not around. It was highly challenging for the participants to mourn the loss as most of the mournings were in isolation, and there was hardly any support. Most of the participants could not perform last rites which complicated the grief among them.

Conclusion:
Current study emphasizes the importance of social support for those who are grieving and need of face-to-face interactions which can never be replaced by speaking over phone or through virtual spaces. However in extraordinary circumstances of COVID-19 scenario, sharing grief, expressing care and love through any mode can be an effective way to help the bereaved individuals to understand that they are not forgotten.