bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arthroscopic internal drainage of popliteal cysts with cyst wall resection in pediatric patients
Authors: Zhu Junxu , Xiang Dulei , Yang Shen , Xiang Liangbi , Liu Xinwei 
Published: October 2022

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of arthroscopic internal drainage (AID) and cyst wall resection (CWR) in children with popliteal cysts.
Methods: This study included 16 pediatric patients with popliteal cysts and received arthroscopy using the double posteromedial (PM) portal system during June 2020 and June 2021 at The General Hospital of Northern Theater Command. Among these pediatric patients, 14 were males and two were females, with the mean age of nine years (range: 7-12 years). The left knee was affected in 12 cases, while the right knee was involved in the rest four cases. All patients underwent MR imaging before the procedure to assess whether there was intra-articular trauma and whether the popliteal cyst communicated with the knee-joint cavity. The MRI results showed that each patient had a simple popliteal cyst that involved a single knee joint without intra-articular trauma, which was classified as Grade-1 (n=3), Grade-2 (n =10) or Grade-3 (n =3) according to the Rauschning and Lindgren grading of knee joint symptoms. Arthroscopy was performed through anterolateral (AL) and PM portals to the knee joint for AID plus CWR, and the surgical outcomes were evaluated based on the Rauschning and Lindgren criteria.
Results: No major vascular or nerve injury occurred during the operation. Postoperative complications such as wound infection and lower-extremity deep venous thrombosis were not recorded in these patients. Complications involving the saphenous nerve or the great saphenous vein or pseudocyst formation were not observed during the follow-up period. All patients completed the follow-up ranging from 3-12 months and were identified to have grade-0 (n=15) and grade-1 (n=1) popliteal cysts based on the Rauschning and Lindgren criteria, indicating significant improvement compared with the preoperative levels (all p<0.05). Moreover, no recurrence was recorded after operation.
Conclusion: AID plus CWR is a minimally invasive and safe approach for pediatric patients with popliteal cysts to promote postoperative recovery and reduce the recurrence rate.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5354
How to cite this:Zhu J, Xiang D, Yang S, Xiang L, Liu X. Arthroscopic internal drainage of popliteal cysts with cyst wall resection in pediatric patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(8):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5354
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Breast surgery super-specialization: Impact on advanced surgical training and research
Authors: Ali Danish , Zeeshan Sana , Farooqi Nifasat , Vohra Lubna 
Published: October 2022

The earliest records of breast cancer (BC) date back to 3,000 - 2,500 B.C., ever since multiple curative options have been explored. First known wide margin excision was performed around 1st Century AD and a prototype of the modern-day BC surgery, Halsted radical mastectomy, was performed in the 20th Century. BC is the most common cancer in Pakistan accounting for up to 14.5% of the total cancer incidences. Accredited breast surgery fellowships were established in the UK and USA in 2002 and 2003, respectively. In Pakistan, the movement was delayed and the two-year College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan (CPSP) accredited breast surgery fellowship program started in 2019. The increasing annual incidence and changes in demands have led to an increased percentage of General Surgery graduates taking up specialty training. PubMed search from 1990 to 2021 showed a rising trend in the number of breast cancer publications from Pakistan; from almost no papers before 1990 to 615 between 2012 to 2021. This remarkable surge in BC-related research can be explained by the commencement of fellowship programs in breast surgery and related fields. An increase in specialist training will yield better results in the management of patients, improve clinical trials and help produce more meaningful publications from the country.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.6045
How to cite this:Ali D, Zeeshan S, Farooqi N, Vohra L. Breast surgery super-specialization: Impact on advanced surgical training and research. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(8):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.6045
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Characterization of lactic acid bacteria isolated from budu, a West Sumatra fish fermentation product, and their ability to produce exopolysaccharides
Authors: Yusra Yusra , Syandri Hafrijal , Efendi Yempita , Huda Nurul 
Published: October 2022

Background: Probiotics are instrumental in maintaining the equilibrium of the gut microbiota and improving the health of the human body. This study examined the presence and physiological features, including the ability to produce exopolysaccharides, of lactic acid bacteria from fermented Tenggiri (Scomberomorus guttatus) and Talang (Chorinemus spp.) fish, also known as budu fish. Methods: Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from budu fish. These bacteria were characterized to determine tolerance to gastric pH values, growth curve, inhibitory ability against pathogenic bacteria, and ability to produce exopolysaccharides and to perform a molecular identification. Results: Twenty-nine lactic acid bacteria isolates from budu fish were determined to be of the Pediococcus species. Assessment of the physiological characteristics showed that Pediococcus sp. had a high acidifying activity and could grow at a pH between 2 and 11; the pH of the supernatant after 36 hours of incubation was 4.49. In terms of inhibitory activity against pathogenic bacteria, Pediococcus sp. demonstrated an inhibitory diameter of 20.5 mm against Escherichia coli, 23.0 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, and 21.0 mm against Salmonella thypi. The Pediococcus sp. strain produced exopolysaccharides ranging from 870 to 1910 mg/l and had 100% similarity with Pediococcus pentosaceus strain 4942. Conclusions: This study confirmed the presence of Pediococcus pentosaceus strain 4942 in budu fish, which can be used as a new probiotic based on its capabilities to kill pathogenic bacteria and produce exopolysaccharide compounds.
Action-learning: developing competences to drive the transition towards more sustainable food systems
Authors: Lindner Line Friis , Flynn Katherine Mary 
Published: October 2022

Background: Establishing a learning environment that develops and fosters students’ competences is essential to drive the transition to more sustainable agrifood systems. FoodFactory-4-Us — an international online student competition — is applying action-learning approaches to educational activities facilitating the development of the core competences of observation, participation, dialogue, visionary thinking, and reflection. These core competences are regarded as essential for the next generation of agrifood professionals to drive the transition to more sustainable agrifood systems. Methods: The competition is organized in a cyclical manner based on planning, implementation and reflection in which action-research is conducted on students’ self-assessment of their competences, experiences and contributions once in the beginning, once during and at the end of the competition through online surveys and written reflection documents. The rich qualitative data from action-research provides valuable insights into the learning process for facilitators shaping the development of the educational activities on a continuous basis. Results: The action-research qualitative data shows that students improve their competences in building and maintaining networks; collaboration; and problem-solving through participation in the competition. Furthermore, the data shows that students’ values and attitudes, such as creativity, passion, proactivity, analytical and critical thinking, reflection, open-mindedness, visionary thinking, and self-management, contribute the most to the learning community. Conclusions: Such findings give notion to the importance of cultivating a learning environment in which a multitude of values and attitudes are given room and space to flourish thereby shaping the current and future agrifood system.
Diffuse photon remission associated with the center-illuminated-area-detection geometry: Part I, an approach to the steady-state model
Authors: Sun Tengfei , Piao Daqing 
Published: October 2022

Diffuse photon remission
associated with the center-illuminated-area-detection
(CIAD) geometry has
been useful for non-contact
sensing and may inform single-fiber reflectance (SfR). This series of
work advances model approaches that help enrich the understanding and
applicability of the photon remission by CIAD. The general approach is
to derive the diffuse photon remission by the area integration of the
radially resolved diffuse reflectance while limiting the analysis to a
medium exhibiting only the Heyney–Greenstein (HG) scattering phase
function. Part I assesses the steady-state photon remission in CIAD
over a reduced scattering scaled diameter of

μ

s

′

d

a
r
e
a

∈
[

0.5
×

10

−
3

,

10

3

]

that covers the range extensively
modeled for SfR. The corresponding radially resolved diffuse
reflectance is obtained by concatenating an empirical expression for
the semi-ballistic region near the point-of-illumination and a formula
utilizing a master-slave dual-source scheme over the semi-diffusive to
a diffusive regime while being constrained by an extrapolated
zero-boundary condition. The terminal algebraic photon remission is
examined against Monte Carlo simulations for an absorption coefficient
over

[

0.001
,
1

]

m
m

−
1

, a reduced scattering coefficient
over

[

0.01
,
1000

]

m
m

−
1

, a HG scattering anisotropy factor
within

[

0.5
,
0.95

]

, and a diameter of the area of
collection ranging

[

50
,
1000

]

µ

m

. The algebraic model is also applied
to phantom data acquired over a

∼

2

c
m

non-contact CIAD configuration and
with a 200 µm SfR probe. The model approach will be extended in
a subsequent work towards the time-of-flight characteristics of
CIAD.
The epidemiology of pediatric traumatic brain injury presenting at a referral center in Moshi, Tanzania
Authors: Barcenas Loren K. , Appenteng Roselyn , Sakita Francis , O’Leary Paige , Rice Henry , Mmbaga Blandina T. , Vissoci Joao Ricardo Nickenig , Staton Catherine A. 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundOver 95% of childhood injury deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) have twice the likelihood of dying in LMICs than in high-income countries (HICs). In Africa, TBI estimates are projected to increase to upwards of 14 million new cases in 2050; however, these estimates are based on sparse data, which underscores the need for robust injury surveillance systems. We aim to describe the clinical factors associated with morbidity and mortality in pediatric TBI at the Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC) in Moshi, Tanzania to guide future prevention efforts.MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of a TBI registry of all pediatric (0–18 years of age) TBI patients presenting to the KCMC emergency department (ED) between May 2013 and April 2014. The variables included demographics, acute treatment and diagnostics, Glasgow Coma Scores (GCSs, severe 3–8, moderate 9–13, and mild 14–15), morbidity at discharge as measured by the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS, worse functional status 1–3, better functional status 4–6), and mortality status at discharge. The analysis included descriptive statistics, bivariable analysis and multivariable logistic regression to report the predictors of mortality and morbidity. The variables used in the multivariable logistic regression were selected according to their clinical validity in predicting outcomes.ResultsOf the total 419 pediatric TBI patients, 286 (69.3%) were male with an average age of 10.12 years (SD = 5.7). Road traffic injury (RTI) accounted for most TBIs (269, 64.4%), followed by falls (82, 19.62%). Of the 23 patients (5.58%) who had alcohol-involved injuries, most were male (3.6:1). Severe TBI occurred in 54 (13.0%) patients. In total, 90 (24.9%) patients underwent TBI surgery. Of the 21 (5.8%) patients who died, 11 (55.0%) had severe TBI, 6 (30.0%) had moderate TBI (GCS 9–13) and 3 (15.0%) presented with mild TBI (GCS>13). The variables most strongly associated with worse functional status included having severe TBI (OR = 9.45) and waiting on the surgery floor before being moved to the intensive care unit (ICU) (OR = 14.37).ConclusionsMost pediatric TBI patients were males who suffered RTIs or falls. Even among children under 18 years of age, alcohol was consumed by at least 5% of patients who suffered injuries, and more commonly among boys. Patients becoming unstable and having to be transferred from the surgery floor to the ICU could reflect poor risk identification in the ED or progression of injury severity. The next steps include designing interventions to reduce RTI, mitigate irresponsible alcohol use, and improve risk identification and stratification in the ED.
First-in-human study to evaluate safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of heterologous regimens using the multivalent filovirus vaccines Ad26.Filo and MVA-BN-Filo administered in different sequences and schedules: A randomized, controlled study
Authors: Bockstal Viki , Shukarev Georgi , McLean Chelsea , Goldstein Neil , Bart Stephan , Gaddah Auguste , Anumenden Dickson , Stoop Jeroen N. , Marit de Groot Anne , Pau Maria G. , Hendriks Jenny , De Rosa Stephen C. , Cohen Kristen W. , McElrath M. Juliana , Callendret Benoit , Luhn Kerstin , Douoguih Macaya , Robinson Cynthia 
Published: October 2022

Background
Though clinically similar, Ebola virus disease and Marburg virus disease are caused by different viruses. Of the 30 documented outbreaks of these diseases in sub-Saharan Africa, eight were major outbreaks (≥200 cases; five caused by Zaire ebolavirus [EBOV], two by Sudan ebolavirus [SUDV], and one by Marburg virus [MARV]). Our purpose is to develop a multivalent vaccine regimen protecting against each of these filoviruses. This first-in-human study assessed the safety and immunogenicity of several multivalent two-dose vaccine regimens that contain Ad26.Filo and MVA-BN-Filo.

Methods
Ad26.Filo combines three vaccines encoding the glycoprotein (GP) of EBOV, SUDV, and MARV. MVA-BN-Filo is a multivalent vector encoding EBOV, SUDV, and MARV GPs, and Taï Forest nucleoprotein. This Phase 1, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study enrolled healthy adults (18–50 years) into four groups, randomized 5:1 (active:placebo), to assess different Ad26.Filo and MVA-BN-Filo vaccine directionality and administration intervals. The primary endpoint was safety; immune responses against EBOV, SUDV, and MARV GPs were also assessed.

Results
Seventy-two participants were randomized, and 60 (83.3%) completed the study. All regimens were well tolerated with no deaths or vaccine-related serious adverse events (AEs). The most frequently reported solicited local AE was injection site pain/tenderness. Solicited systemic AEs most frequently reported were headache, fatigue, chills, and myalgia; most solicited AEs were Grade 1–2. Solicited/unsolicited AE profiles were similar between regimens. Twenty-one days post-dose 2, 100% of participants on active regimen responded to vaccination and exhibited binding antibodies against EBOV, SUDV, and MARV GPs; neutralizing antibody responses were robust against EBOV (85.7–100%), but lower against SUDV (35.7–100%) and MARV (0–57.1%) GPs. An Ad26.Filo booster induced a rapid further increase in humoral responses.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates that heterologous two-dose vaccine regimens with Ad26.Filo and MVA-BN-Filo are well tolerated and immunogenic in healthy adults.

ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02860650.
Malignant neoplasms in people with hypothyroidism in Spain: A population-based analysis
Authors: Díez Juan J. , Iglesias Pedro 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThe objective of this study was to determine the association between hypothyroidism and overall and site-specific cancer in Spanish population.MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed using the population-based database BDCAP (Base de Datos Clínicos de Atención Primaria, primary care clinical database) to analyze the relative risk of cancer in Spanish population with hypothyroidism.ResultsIn a total of 2,414,165 patients diagnosed with hypothyroidism in BDCAP in 2019, the relative risk (OR) of cancer, compared to the non-hypothyroid population, was 1.73 (1.72–1.74) (P<0.0001). The higher risk was observed in both men (OR 2.15 [2.13–2.17]; P<0.0001) and women (OR 1.67 [1.636–1.68]; P<0.0001). However, hypothyroid persons aged 65 years or older had a reduced risk of cancer (OR 0.98 [0.97–0.98]; P<0.0001). In addition, hypothyroid patients aged 65 or over showed a decreased risk of cancers of the bladder, colorectal, gastric, pancreatic and prostate. Socioeconomic characteristics such as income level, municipality size, country of birth and employment situation had limited influence on the association between hypothyroidism and cancer. However, hypothyroid patients receiving replacement therapy exhibited higher cancer risk compared with patients without treatment (OR 1.30 [1.28–1.31]; P<0.0001).ConclusionSpanish hypothyroid patients of both genders have a risk of overall cancer higher than that found in non-hypothyroid population. However, people over 65 years have a reduced risk of various malignancies. This peculiarity of hypothyroidism should be considered by the health authorities.
Kedudukan Negara sebagai Pembeli dalam Perspektif Hukum Perdagangan Internasional
Authors: Kasih Desak Putu Dewi , Dharmawan Ni Ketut Supasti , Salain Made Suksma Prijandhini Devi , Dwijayanthi Putri Triari 
Published: October 2022

Negara diakui sebagai salah satu subjek hukum dalam Hukum Perdagangan Internasional. Negara memiliki kedaulatan untuk mengatur barang atau jasa yang keluar dan memasuki wilayahnya. Kewenangan mengatur tersebut termasuk dalam kedudukannya pada posisi Negara sebagai pedagang. Dalam perkembangannya kedudukan Negara juga menjadi pihak pembeli. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengekplorasi kedudukan negara sebagai pembeli dalam konteks hukum perdagangan internasional dan penyelesaian sengketa yang dapat diambil oleh Negara berdasarkan Hukum Perdagangan Internasional. Tulisan ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif melalui pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, pendekatan analitis dan konseptual. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa suatu Negara dapat menjadi pembeli melalui BUMN yang diwajibkan untuk memberitahukan perusahaan tersebut kepada Council for Trade in Good sebagai implementasi dari prinsip non-diskriminasi dan juga untuk menjamin transparansi kegiatan perdagangan. Dalam pengertian Negara sebagai pembeli, dapat dipahami bahwa hubungan perdagangan yang terjadi antara Negara sebagai pembeli dan pedagang adalah hubungan kontraktual. Oleh karena itu, prinsip kebebasan berkontrak, termasuk prinsip pemilihan cara penyelesaian sengketa dapat diterapkan, baik mengenai pilihan hukum maupun pilihan forum.
Homoclinic solutions for a differential inclusion system involving the p(t)-Laplacian
Authors: Cheng Jun , Chen Peng , Zhang Limin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The aim of this article is to study nonlinear problem driven by the

p

(

t

)

p\left(t)

-Laplacian with nonsmooth potential. We establish the existence of homoclinic solutions by using variational principle for locally Lipschitz functions and the properties of the generalized Lebesgue-Sobolev space under two cases of the nonsmooth potential: periodic and nonperiodic, respectively. The resulting problem engages two major difficulties: first, due to the appearance of the variable exponent, commonly known methods and techniques for studying constant exponent equations fail in the setting of problems involving variable exponents. Another difficulty we must overcome is verifying the link geometry and certifying boundedness of the Palais-Smale sequence. To our best knowledge, our theorems appear to be the first such result about homoclinic solution for differential inclusion system involving the

p

(

t

)

p\left(t)

-Laplacian.
Integral Representations and Quadrature Schemes for the Modified Hilbert Transformation
Authors: Zank Marco 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We present quadrature schemes to calculate matrices where the so-called modified Hilbert transformation is involved.
These matrices occur as temporal parts of Galerkin finite element discretizations of parabolic or hyperbolic problems when the modified Hilbert transformation is used for the variational setting.
This work provides the calculation of these matrices to machine precision for arbitrary polynomial degrees and non-uniform meshes.
The proposed quadrature schemes are based on weakly singular integral representations of the modified Hilbert transformation.
First, these weakly singular integral representations of the modified Hilbert transformation are proven.
Second, using these integral representations, we derive quadrature schemes, which treat the occurring singularities appropriately.
Thus, exponential convergence with respect to the number of quadrature nodes for the proposed quadrature schemes is achieved.
Numerical results, where this exponential convergence is observed, conclude this work.
On a weighted elliptic equation of N-Kirchhoff type with double exponential growth
Authors: Abid Imed , Baraket Sami , Jaidane Rached 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this work, we study the weighted Kirchhoff problem

−
g

∫

B

σ

(

x

)

∣

∇

u

∣

N

d
x

div

(

σ

(

x

)

∣

∇

u

∣

N
−
2

∇

u

)

=
f

(

x
,
u

)

in

B
,

u
>
0

in

B
,

u
=
0

on

∂
B
,

\left\{\begin{array}{ll}-g\left(\mathop{\displaystyle \int }\limits_{B}\sigma \left(x)| \nabla u\hspace{-0.25em}{| }^{N}{\rm{d}}x\right){\rm{div}}\left(\sigma \left(x)| \nabla u\hspace{-0.25em}{| }^{N-2}\nabla u)=f\left(x,u)& \hspace{0.1em}\text{in}\hspace{0.1em}\hspace{0.33em}B,\\ u\gt 0& \hspace{0.1em}\text{in}\hspace{0.1em}\hspace{0.33em}B,\\ u=0& \hspace{0.1em}\text{on}\hspace{0.1em}\hspace{0.33em}\partial B,\end{array}\right.

where

B

B

is the unit ball of

R

N

{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N}

,

σ

(

x

)

=

log

e

∣

x

∣

N
−
1

\sigma \left(x)={\left(\log \left(\frac{e}{| x| }\right)\right)}^{N-1}

, the singular logarithm weight in the Trudinger-Moser embedding, and

g

g

is a continuous positive function on

R

+

{{\mathbb{R}}}^{+}

. The nonlinearity is critical or subcritical growth in view of Trudinger-Moser inequalities. We first obtain the existence of a solution in the subcritical exponential growth case with positive energy by using minimax techniques combined with the Trudinger-Moser inequality. In the critical case, the associated energy does not satisfy the condition of compactness. We provide a new condition for growth, and we stress its importance to check the compactness level.