bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corrosion Inhibition and Adsorption Mechanism of PVP for Mild Steel in 1.0 M H2SO4: Experimental and Theoretical Approach
Authors: Kumar Harish , Raj Hans , Sharma Sahil , Kumari Rajni 
Published: January 2022

Aim:Corrosion of mild steel pipe line when exposed to dilute sulphuric acid is a very serious problem for people in the industry and they are in constant search of highly efficient corrosion inhibitors for acidic medium. For designing new corrosion inhibitors, a through knowledge of corrosion and adsorption mechanism is required.Background:Pitting, cracking and uniform types of corrosion are very common forms of corrosion in dilute sulphuric acid medium. A highly efficient acid corrosion inhibitor is required to minimize all these three forms of corrosion.Objective:The objective was to provide a solution for pitting, cracking, and uniform types of corrosion and to study corrosion and inhibition mechanisms so that highly efficient corrosion inhibitors can be designed.Methods:Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) was explored as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1.0 M H2SO4 by experimental and theoretical techniques. Experimental techniques used were impedance, weight loss, metallurgical microscopy, and polarization. Theoretical techniques used were DFT, MD simulation, Frontier molecular orbital, Langmuir, and Frumkin adsorption. Theoretical parameters like interaction energy, adsorption energy, Fukui function, chemical potential, electron density distribution, HOMO/LUMO eigenvalue, etc., help in understanding the mechanism of adsorption of PVP on the Fe (110) surface.Results:Experimental results were supported by theoretical studies. A linear relation was observed between PVP concentration and inhibition efficiency. A maximum of 85.92% inhibition efficiency was observed with a regression coefficient of 0.998. The pore length, the number of pits, and cracks intensity decrease with the concentration of PVP. The waste dilute H2SO4 after the weight loss study was investigated for its biocompatibility and was found to be within the acceptable limit.Conclusion:PVP was proved to be a highly efficient acid corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1.0 M H2SO4 medium.
(+)-Nootkatone: Progresses in Synthesis, Structural Modifications, Pharmacology
and Ecology Uses
Authors: Wang Yu-Bin , Li Jian-Long , Xu Fang-Fang , Han Xiao-Dong , Wu Yun-Shan , Liu Bo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
(+)-Nootkatone is a type of eremophilane naturally derived sesquiterpenoids with a grapefruit smell from plants, which is widely used in food and cosmetics industries. Many investigations elucidated (+)-nootkatone presents extensive pharmacological activity, such as anti-proliferation in cancer cells, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant nitration stress, etc. In addition, (+)-nootkatone has been registered by the Environmental Protection Agency as a new active ingredient for use in insecticides and insect repellents against ticks, mosquitoes, and a wide variety of other biting pests. On account of the increasingly stringent environmental supervision and market demand for “natural” (+)-nootkatone, the explorations for producing this high-value chemical by green chemosynthesis and biosynthesis technology are in progress. Structural derivatization is becoming one of the most important ways to exploit pharmaceutical and ecological applications. This review covered the progress of the above research and application advances comprehensively to encourage interested scientists to implement further studies.
A Review on Polymeric Invasive and Non-Invasive Nanocarriers Assisted Transdermal Drug Delivery for Improved Penetration and Bioavailability
Authors: Sharma Aditya , Verma Navneet , Chaturvedi Shashank , Prasad Neelkant , Rastogi Vaibhav 
Published: January 2022

Background:Despite the vast utility of polymeric nanocarriers in drug delivery, their promising role in formulating efficient transdermal drug delivery systems for managing various dis-eases has not been explored properly.Main text:Polymeric nanocarriers have increased the interest of researchers with respect to im-proving intradermal and transdermal delivery of drugs having ominous penetration and solubility issues. Therefore, a range of invasive and noninvasive approaches have been extensively explored in transdermal delivery systems for the safe and effective transportation of drugs across the skin into the systemic circulation. Accordingly, this review emphasizes the recently used, effectively appli-cable invasive and noninvasive methodologies for formulating transdermal systems in the form of polymeric films/patches, microneedles, and nanocarriers for better penetration and bioavailability.Conclusion:Various novel methodologies for transdermal drug delivery systems offer countless benefits over conventional methods, but still, a safe and effective delivery system is the major chal-lenge in terms of reproducible pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic results.
LEGAL REVOLUTIONARIES AT YALE IN A TIME OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL CHANGE
Authors: Garth Bryant G. 
Published: January 2022

My comment on the fascinating personal accounts of experiences with the Yale Law and Modernization program will be in part personal. My own career and research interests are part of the ripple effect of that program and of the scholars who participated in it. After offering that personal account, I will try to look at the context for the Law and Modernization initiative in relation to the changing role of law and lawyers in the US and the way in which that role was exported as part of Cold War strategies. I will suggest that the battles around the Law and Modernization Program provide strong evidence of the crisis during an era of relative idealism (not inconsistent with US hegemonic designs abroad and social control policies at home) connected to modernization and what Trubek and Galanter termed liberal legalism.[1] What’s more, the program nurtured leaders in producing scholarship designed to update or replace liberal legalism, legal missionaries, and legal imperialism. Much of what we know as Law and Society, Critical Legal Studies, and other critical approaches came from these scholars and the events around Law and Modernization. I was a freshman undergraduate at Yale at the time of the beginnings of the Law and Modernization program in the Law School in 1968, although I had no sense of the program then. My undergraduate experience was all about the left, the critique of pluralism, European critical theory, and US critical histories. I told my historian advisor that I was thinking of law school (after he told me there were no positions in history), and he warned me about the conservatism, telling me among other things that law faculty tended to drive American cars. When there were demonstrations and strikes around the Bobby Seale trial in New Haven in 1970, followed by the demonstrations and strikes against the Cambodian invasion, I remember a forum where a law student said they could not strike because of the importance of their legal education for solving social problems. In retrospect, there was a sense among non-law students and activists, I think, that elite law was not very relevant to what was going on outside.[2] From the perspective of those within the law school, however, the accounts of the Law and Modernization cohort suggest that the students were nevertheless way in front of the general faculty.
The Immunization Data Quality Assessment, Sana’a Capital, 2021
Authors: Zeehrah Elham , Al-Serouri Abdulwahed , Al-Habob Ghadah , Al-Sharagi Ahmed 
Published: January 2022

Background
The Expanded Program of Immunization (EPI) aims to increase immunization coverage. However, this cannot be achieved without an efficient data management system and without ensuring data quality.

Objective
We aimed to assess the quality of immunization data at Sana’a capital.

Methods
The World Health Organization data quality self-assessment tools were used. Three random urban districts and the only rural district (Bani-Al Hairth) at Sana’a capital were selected. From each district, one-third of the public health facilities (HFs) that were providing EPI services were randomly selected. Accuracy ratios (ARs), discrepancy levels (DLs), completeness, and timeliness were calculated from tally sheets and reports for Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccines, third doses of pentavalent-3 (Penta-3) vaccines, and first doses of measles and rubella (MR-1) vaccines. The quality index was assessed for the five components (ie, recording and reporting, archiving, demographic information, core output/analysis, and using data for action) through a prestructured questionnaire.

Results
While the overall ARs and DLs for BCG, Penta-3, and MR-1 indicated overreporting at the HF level, there was overreporting for BCG and Penta-3 and underreporting for MR-1 at the district level. With regard to the overall quality index, recording and reporting achieved the highest score (90% and 96%, respectively), while using data for action had the lowest score (61% and 78%, respectively) at the HF and district levels. While completeness and timeliness were scored 100% at all HFs, both were inadequate at the Al-Sabain (93% and 99%, respectively) and Bani-Al Hairth (75% and 83%, respectively) districts.

Conclusions
The findings showed that the quality of immunization data in Sana’a capital’s HFs and districts was inadequate, with weaknesses in using data for action. Furthermore, completeness and timeliness were found to be unsatisfactory at the rural district and one of the urban districts. Ensuring data quality through strengthening the EPI data management system should be prioritized. Larger-scale and regular assessments of the EPI data management system are recommended.
Impact of telehealth on health care resource utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Arora Prachi , Mehta Darshan , Ha Jane 
Published: January 2022

Aim:
To assess healthcare utilization (HCRU) among patients with incident telehealth visit during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials & methods:
Retrospective pre-post analyses was conducted using HealthJump data. Adults continuously enrolled with an incident telehealth visit between Feb and April 2020 were identified. Demographics, clinical characteristics, proportion of patients with ≥1 HCRU visits and post-index trends in HCRU were analyzed.
Results:
Sample constituted 2799 patients, 60.34% female and 46.23% white with mean age 59.70. Significant increase in patients with outpatient visits (5.36%, p < 0.005; only established), non-face-to-face visits (99.50%, p < 0.005) and prescription use (12.86%, p < 0.005) was reported.
Conclusion:
Among patients utilizing telehealth during COVID-19 pandemic, HCRU changed significantly. Better deployment policies and adoption techniques of telehealth could potentially act as a strong tool to revolutionize the healthcare delivery, with or without the pandemic.
Mídia Negra e Desigualdade na Estrutura Midiática: Apontamentos sobre Brasil e Estados Unidos
Authors: Da Silva Lopes Ivonete 
Published: January 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a articulação entre racismo e políticas de comunicação (para promover ou restringir a diversidade racial) e o seu reflexo na organização dos sistemas midiáticos. A investigação se concentra no Brasil e Estados Unidos, países que possuem trajetórias bastante distintas na regulaçãoe promoção da diversidade racial na comunicação. No contexto norte-americano, houve leis explícitas que limitavam o acesso dos afro-americanos às concessões, contudo ações afirmativas foram implementadas para introduzir maior pluralidade no setor. No Brasil, por outro lado, não houve limitações formais, o que,no entanto, não implicou a redução da desigualdade na estrutura midiática. Nessa investigação adota-se como metodologia a análise documental (leis e relatórios) para mapear as políticas de comunicação e a participação da mídia negra nos sistemas midiáticos, e entrevistas com proprietários da mídia negra. Como principal resultado, a pesquisa revela que as políticas de ação afirmativa para empregar profissionais negros promover maior diversidade racial nesse campo refletem-se, ainda hoje, em um cenário mais plural nos EUA se comparado ao brasileiro. O Brasil, com 56 % da população negra, possui 10 portais de notícias e uma revista, enquanto os Estados Unidos, com 14 % de afro-americanos na sua população, somam pouco mais de 500 mídias negras. Entretanto, nos dois países estudados evidencia-se a dificuldade de promoção da diversidade racial na comunicação, seja pelo obstáculo de avançar no debate e na criação dessas políticas, como o caso brasileiro, ou pelo retrocesso e descontinuidade da política de ação afirmativa verificado nos Estados Unidos.
Analisis motivasi kerja pegawai Kantor Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Kota Jambi
Authors: Juliansyah Dedi Ferry , Ardinal Ardinal , Sumarni Sumarni 
Published: January 2022

Development. Planning Board of Jambi City. This study aims to determine how the work motivation of the Regional Development Planning Agency of Jambi City in terms of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. The research methodology used in this research is a descriptive analysis using data collection method through questionnaire, documentation, literature study. Respondents in this research are employees of the Regional Development Planning Board of Jambi City. The results of this study indicate that the overall motivation of employees of the Development Planning Agency of Jambi City has been running quite well. The situation is indicated by the percentage of motivation factors that get the response from the employees. From this research, it can be concluded that the employees of the Regional Development Planning Agency of Jambi City are motivated to perform the tasks, although there are several obstacles. Based on this research, it can be mentioned several suggestions to the Development Planning Board of Jambi City to maintain and improve the motivation of their existing employees, enhance the system of Corporate Administration Policy and Supervision to the employees so that they can understand and perform their duties well.
Tante Ebba og Revolutionen: Historien om de sønderjyske krigsfangers «danske moder» i Rusland
Authors: Nielsen Jens Petter 
Published: January 2022

Denne boka handler om en dansk kvinne som skjebnen bringer til Russland i 1911 og som senere skriver en interessant øyenvitenberetning om Den russiske revolusjon, der danske, sønderjyske soldater i russisk krigsfangenskap spiller en sentral rolle.
The subject of this book is a Danish woman whom fate brought to Russia in 1911. She later wrote an eyewitness account of the Russian Revolution where captured Danish soldiers from South Jutland play an important part.
Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Motorik Halus Anak Melalui Kegiatan Meronce Dari Bahan Alam Biji Hanjeli
Authors: Roostin Erna 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya kemampuan motorik halus anak, sehingga dirasa perlu menciptakan suatu kegiatan pembelajaran yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan motrik halus tersebut. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan adalah melalui kegiatan meronce dari bahan alam biji hanjeli. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan kemampuan motorik halus anak melalui kegiatan meronce dari bahan alam biji hanjeli pada anak kelompok A usia 4-5 tahun, metode yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan menggunakan desain yang dikembangkan oleh Kemmis dan Mc Taggart terdiri dari empat komponen yaitu: perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara daring (online) dan instrument yang dilakukan yaitu berupa lembar unjuk kerja kemampuan motorik halus anak. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tindakan kelas ini adalah melalui kegiatan meronce dari bahan alam biji hanjeli kemampuan motorik halus anak kelompok A Kober Aulia Desa Gendereh Kecamatan Buahdua Kabupaten Sumedang tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 dapat ditingkatkan. Hasil akhir pada siklus II menunjukan persentase yang mencapai target kemampuan motorik halus adalah 92%, dengan rata-rata skor kemampuan motorik halus anak secara klasikal mencapai 3,5 dengan kategori berkembang sangat baik (BSB).
Kata kunci: kemampuan motorik halus, kegiatan meronce
Effect of biofertilizer and salinity stress on productivity and vitamin C levels of Amaranthus tricolor L.
Authors: Khairunnisa Nadhifa Athaya , Siswanti Dwi Umi 
Published: January 2022

Abiotic stress is one of the elements that affect plant crop output due to its productivity and environmental factors. Salinity as abiotic stressors can impair plant growth, becoming a concern in the agriculture field in recent years. Biofertilizers are reported to be capable of overcoming salinity stress. Hence, it contains microbial elements in it, play a role for the nitrogen cycle in soil, which can result in increased plant growth. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the effect of biofertilizer and NaCl as a salinity stress factor on the growth of Amaranthus tricolor L. The biofertilizer doses utilized in this study were 10 L/ha, 20 L/ha and 30 L /ha, each in combination with basic manure fertilizer. For the salinity factor, NaCl concentrations of 2500 ppm, 5000 ppm, 7500 ppm, and 10.000 ppm were employed. Environmental characteristics, plant height, number of leaves, root length, plant dry mass, chlorophyll and carotenoid content, as well as vitamin C, were all measured. The parameters were determined quantitatively. The chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were determined using a UV-vis spectrophotometer, while vitamin C levels were determined using iodometric titration. At a 95% level of confidence, the results were examined using the one-way ANOVA approach. The results indicate that a 30 L/ha dose of biofertilizer has an effect on the chlorophyll content and root length of plants, whereas a 10 L/ha dose has an effect on the carotenoid content. The highest amaranth growth was observed when 0 L/ha biofertilizer was combined with a 7500 ppm NaCl treatment, whereas the largest number of leaves was shown when 10 L/ha biofertilizer was combined with a 2500 ppm NaCl treatment. It could be concluded that while biofertilizer has no effect on plant growth parameters, it does increase plant productivity by raising chlorophyll and carotenoid levels.
The vulnerability level and employee preparedness index in responding to fire in mills division at pt. eastern pearl flour mills of Makassar city
Authors: Al Qadri Andi Akram , Ibrahim Hasbi , Alam Syamsul 
Published: January 2022

BNPB (The National Agency for Disaster Countermeasure) suggested that there were 3,193 cases of fires in Indonesia from 1815 to 2018. There were 6 cases of fires at PT. Eastern Pearl Flour Mills during the period of 2016 to 2019 which resulted in material loss. The main objective of this study was to investigate and determine the level of fire vulnerability and employee preparedness index at Mills division at PT. Eastern Pearl Flour Mills of Makassar. The methodological approach taken was descriptive by using a survey method. The population were all 38 employees. The sampling technique was total sampling. The samples used in this study were 38 samples. The results indicated that in the aspect knowledge, 38 respondents high category (100%). Attitude, 38 respondents (100%) high category. Disaster preparedness policy, 35 respondents (92.1%) high category, and 3 respondents (7.9%) low category. Resource mobilization, 36 respondents (94.7%) high category, and 2 respondents (5.3%) low category. Disaster warning, 38 respondents (100%) high category.Preparedness plan, 33 respondents (86.8%) high category, and 5 respondents (13.2%) low category. This research concludes that the level of fire vulnerability at the Mills division at PT. Eastern Pearl Flour Mills Makassar City was considered the medium category, while the employee preparedness index was considered in the fair category. The researchers suggest the company to continous socialization related to fire prevention SOPs to all employees. The employees must be able to distinguish signs of the fire warning and increase their knowledge related to fire disasters in the workplace.
Pediculicidal Activity of Cem-ceman White Cempaka Flower (Michelia alba DC.) against Pediculus humanus capitis
Authors: Robby Ahmad Fadli , Pratama Iman Surya , Tresnani Galuh 
Published: January 2022

The prevalence of pediculosis reported in Asia has ranged from 0.7% to 59%. High resistance and side effects is a challenge in using the pediculicidal agents. The widely use and empirical as well as scientific studies of traditional plants for anti-lice were already done, one of them is cempaka. The aim of this study was to determine the pediculicidal activity of cem-ceman white cempaka flower (Michelia alba DC.) on Pediculus humanus capitis in vitro. The white cempaka flowers made into cem-ceman preparations by mixing and soaking in coconut oil until 3 days. Pediculisidal activity was tested by filter paper diffusion test method with 3 replications. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis followed by post hoc Mann-Whitney Method test with software SPSS v.16. The phytochemical screening showed that sample contains alkaloid, tannin, saponin, and triterpenoid. Pediculidal activity test showed that cem-ceman white cempaka flower has pediculicidal effect in 10% concentration (w/v) with 66.67% mortality and 15% concentration (w/v) with 77.33% mortality. In conclusion cem-ceman white cempaka flowers has pediculicidal activity at concentration 10% and 15% but lower than permethrin 1% (p<0.05).
Characterization and Screening Active Phytochemical Compounds of 70% Ethanol Extract of Mahogany Seed (Swietenia mahagoni Jacq.)
Authors: Adi Purwa Hita I Putu Gede , Eka Arimbawa Putu , Aryati Suryaningsih Ni Putu 
Published: January 2022

One of the herbal medicinal plants in Indonesia with antidiabetic activity is mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni Jacq.). Differences in plant parts used, extraction methods, and solvents during the extraction process will result in different characterization, quantity, and active phytochemical compounds in the extract. This study aimed to determine the content of active phytochemical compounds and extract characteristics of mahogany seed that fit the standards. Extracts were made using the maceration method with 70% ethanol solvent, then extract was characterized, and phytochemicals of active compounds were screened using reagents according to each group of compounds' test method. 50.16 g of 70% ethanol extract of mahogany seeds produced in this study had a solid form, characteristic odor, bitter taste, and brown color. The extract has the characteristics of water content, total ash content, acid insoluble ash content, water-soluble extracts content, and soluble ethanol extracts content according to the standard. Several classes of active compounds were identified qualitatively in the extract, which are flavonoids, phenolics, terpenoids, steroids, glycosides, and saponins. It appears that 70% ethanol extract of mahogany seed has a characterize extract that meets the standards and contains several active phytochemical compounds as potential antidiabetic agents.