bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vincristine, Irinotecan, and Temozolomide in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Neuroblastoma
Authors: Zhu Jia , Wang Juan , Sun Feifei , Zhen Zijun , Chen Tingting , Lu Suying , Huang Junting , Zhang Yizhuo , Sun Xiaofei 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe combination of irinotecan, temozolomide and vincristine has been proposed as an effective salvage regimen for some pediatric malignancies. Thus, we sought to evaluate this combination for patients with relapsed and refractory neuroblastoma (NB).Patients and MethodsIn this retrospective study, forty-six patients with relapsed or refractory NB were treated with the combination of vincristine (1.5 mg/m2 i.v. day 1), irinotecan (50 mg/m2/day i.v. days 1–5) and temozolomide (100 mg/m2/day p.o. days 1–5) (VIT) during the period 2011–2019. All toxicities were documented.ResultsA total of 251 cycles (median 6 cycles/patient) were administered. A complete response (CR) was achieved in 5 patients, partial response (PR) in 27 patients, stable disease (SD) in 8 patients, and progression disease (PD) in 6 patients, with an overall objective response rate (CR+PR) of 69.6%. Eighteen patients developed diarrhea with Grade 3 or less. Grade 1-2 hematologic toxicity occurred in 10 patients. Grade 3-4 hematologic toxicity developed in 32 patients. VIT was an effective regimen for different metastatic sites. UGT1A*28 genotyping performed in 7 patients revealed wild type. Diarrhea occurred in 4 of them.ConclusionThe shorter, 5-day VIT regimen is an active and well-tolerated salvage regimen in relapse/refractory NB.
New Liver MR Imaging Hallmarks for Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma Screening and Diagnosing in High-Risk Patients
Authors: Gao Feifei , Wei Yi , Zhang Tong , Jiang Hanyu , Li Qian , Yuan Yuan , Yao Shan , Ye Zheng , Wan Shang , Wei Xiaocheng , Nie Lisha , Tang Hehan , Song Bin 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveEarly detection and diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is essential for prognosis; however, the imaging hallmarks for tumor detection and diagnosis has remained the same for years despite the use of many new immerging imaging methods. This study aimed to evaluate the detection performance of hepatic nodules in high risk patients using either hepatobiliary specific contrast (HBSC) agent or extracellular contrast agent (ECA), and further to compare the diagnostic performances for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using different diagnostic criteria with the histopathological results as reference standard.MethodsThis prospective study included 247 nodules in 222 patients (mean age, 53.32 ± 10.84 years; range, 22–79 years). The detection performance and imaging features of each nodule were evaluated in all MR sequences by three experienced abdominal radiologists. The detection performance of each nodule on all MR sequences were compared and further the diagnostic performance of various diagnostic criteria were evaluated.ResultsFor those patients who underwent ECA-MRI, the conventional imaging hallmark of “AP + PVP and/or DP” was recommended, as 60.19% diagnostic sensitivity, 80.95% specificity and 100% lesion detection rate. Additionally, for those patients who underwent HBSC-MRI, the diagnostic criteria of “DWI + HBP” was recommended. This diagnostic criteria demonstrated, both in all tumor size and for nodules ≤2 cm, higher sensitivity (93.07 and 90.16%, all p &lt;0.05, respectively) and slightly lower specificity (64.71 and 87.50%, all p &gt;0.05, respectively) than that of the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) criteria.ConclusionsDifferent abbreviated MR protocols were recommended for patients using either ECA or HBSC. These provided imaging settings demonstrated high lesion detection rate and diagnostic performance for HCC.
Updated Evaluation of the Diagnostic Performance of Double Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography in the Preoperative T Staging of Gastric Cancer: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Zhang Xin , Yao Jun , Zhang Yu , Huang Xin , Wang Weijun , Huang Hejing 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to systematically evaluate the diagnostic performance of double contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (DCEUS) in the preoperative T staging of gastric cancer (GC).MethodsLiterature searches for eligible studies were performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, and area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve of DCEUS in the diagnosis of each T stage tumor were calculated. Meta-analyses were performed to obtain the pooled effects of risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) in the comparison of DCEUS with CT/endoscopic ultrasound (EUS).ResultsA total of 8 studies including 1,232 patients were identified for inclusion in this meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.78 (95% CI = 0.64–0.88) and 0.98 (95% CI = 0.96–0.99) for T1, 0.81 (95% CI = 0.76–0.86) and 0.96 (95% CI = 0.91–0.98) for T2, 0.88 (95% CI = 0.84–0.91) and 0.85 (95% CI = 0.79–0.90) for T3, and 0.81 (95% CI = 0.69–0.89) and 0.96 (95% CI = 0.93–0.97) for T4. Moreover, DCEUS demonstrated significant superiority to CT in diagnosing T1 (RR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.20–2.05, p = 0.001) and T2 (RR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.16–1.71, p = 0.001) and to EUS in diagnosing T3 (RR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.08–1.42, p = 0.003) and T4 (RR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.09–1.79, p = 0.008). However, it showed a lower diagnostic accuracy than EUS in T1 tumors (RR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.62–0.94, p = 0.013).ConclusionsDCEUS is a feasible complementary diagnostic tool for clinical T staging of GC. However, it is still far from a definitive conclusion for DCEUS to be proposed for use in routine clinical practice.
A Multi-Center Study on the Relationship Between Developmental Regression and Disease Severity in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Hu Chaoqun , Yang Fan , Yang Ting , Chen Jie , Dai Ying , Jia Feiyong , Wu Lijie , Hao Yan , Li Ling , Zhang Jie , Ke Xiaoyan , Yi Mingji , Hong Qi , Chen Jinjin , Fang Shuanfeng , Wang Yichao , Wang Qi , Jin Chunhua , Li Tingyu , Chen Li 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of developmental regression in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and to explore its relationship with disease severity.MethodsWe finally included 1,027 ASD children aged 2–5 years from 13 cities in China: 138 with regressive ASD and 889 with non-regressive ASD. The Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC), Child Autism Rating Scale (CARS), and Children Neuropsychological and Behavioral Scale-Revision 2016 (CNBS-R2016) were used to evaluate the core symptoms and developmental status of children in the two groups.ResultsAmong the 1,027 ASD children eventually included, 138 (13.44%) cases showed regressive behavior and the average regression occurring age was 24.00 (18.00–27.00) months. Among the regressive children, 105 cases (76.09%) had language regression, 79 cases (57.25%) had social regression, and 4 cases (2.90%) had motor regression. The total scores of ABC and the sub-score of sensory and stereotypic behavior (β = 5.122, 95% CI: 0.818, 9.426, P &lt; 0.05; β = 1.104, 95% CI: 0.120, 2.089, P &lt; 0.05; β = 1.388, 95% CI: 0.038, 2.737, P &lt; 0.05), the SRS total scores and the sub-score of autistic mannerisms (β = 4.991, 95% CI: 0.494, 9.487, P &lt; 0.05; β = 1.297, 95% CI: 0.140, 2.453, P &lt; 0.05) of children in the regressive group were all higher than the non-regressive group. The total developmental quotient (DQ) of CNBS-R2016 and the DQ of gross motor, fine motor, adaptive behavior, language (β = −5.827, 95% CI: −11.529, −0.125, P &lt; 0.05) and personal society in the regressive group were lower than the non-regressive group and the proportion of children with intelligent developmental impairment was higher the non-regressive group.ConclusionRegressive autism is mainly manifested as language and social regression. Children with regressive ASD have more severe core symptoms, lower neurodevelopmental level DQ, and more serious disease degree than children with non-regressive ASD, which requires further etiological examinations and more clinical attention.
Building and Testing of a Conceptual Model to Describe and Measure the Health of People as Affected by Post-traumatic Stress Disorder During Social Unrest: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Chung Eva Yin-han 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundSocial unrest affects people's health and well-being. People's health-related needs during social unrest are concerns in both research and clinical practice. This study aimed to build and test a framework to describe and understand the health status and needs of people with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) during social unrest.MethodsThis study was a cross-sectional survey. A total of 460 people who had experienced post-traumatic distress as a result of the social unrest in 2019 and 2020 were included. A conceptual model comprised four essential areas, namely posttraumatic distress symptoms, participation restrictions, perceived stigma and functional disability, was built from literature. Part 1 validated four instruments that evaluate and define the factor structure of these four areas, In Part II, structural equation modeling was used to test and validate a combined model.ResultsFactors underlying the four areas were defined. Analysis using structural equation modeling confirmed a best fit of the model. PTSD symptoms, perceived stigma and participation restriction during social unrest contributed significantly to functional disability; PTSD symptoms exerted a direct effect on participation restriction and perceived stigma; and the effect of PTSD symptoms on functional disability was mediated through its influence on perceived stigma during social unrest.ConclusionsA community-based inclusive approach is essential to understand the holistic needs of people with PTSD during social unrest. To improve health and well-being in addition to evaluating mental health impacts, considering interactions with the rapid change and stressful social environment is essential.
Unique NISTAR-Based Climate GCM Diagnostics of the Earth’s Planetary Albedo and Spectral Absorption Through Longitudinal Data Slicing
Authors: Lacis Andrew A. , Carlson Barbara E. , Russell Gary L. , Marshak Alexander , Su Wenying 
Published: March 2022

Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) measurements of Earth’s reflected solar and emitted thermal radiation permit a unique model/data comparison perspective that is not readily available from other satellite data. The key factor is the unique Lissajous orbital viewing geometry from the Lagrangian L1 point, which enables a continuous view of Earth’s sunlit hemisphere. The National Institute of Standards and Technology Advanced Radiometer (NISTAR) is the DSCOVR Mission energy budget instrument, which views the reflected and emitted radiation of the Earth’s sunlit hemisphere by means of single pixel active cavity full-spectrum (Band-A, 0.2–100 μm) and filtered solar wavelength (Band-B, 0.2–4.0 μm; and Band-C, 0.7–4.0 μm) radiometer measurements. An additional solar wavelength photodiode channel (0.3–1.1 μm) provides a calibration reference. The objective of this study is the assessment of climate GCM performance via direct model/data comparisons. Such comparisons are difficult due to quasi-chaotic natural variability present in real-world observational data and in climate GCM simulations. This is where the unique DSCOVR viewing geometry makes possible the longitudinal data slicing methodology for more direct model/data comparison. The key point of the longitudinal slicing approach is that data integration over the entire sunlit hemisphere eliminates the quasi-chaotic meteorological weather-scale noise, while preserving intra-seasonal and planetary-scale variability. The rotation of the Earth that retrieves this climate-style, large-scale longitudinal and seasonal variability. The hemispheric averaging is accomplished automatically in NISTAR measurements with its single-pixel view of the Earth. For climate GCMs, this requires implementing the Sunlit Hemisphere Sampling (SHS) scheme to operate on the GCM run-time output data, utilizing the DSCOVR Satellite Ephemeris data to assure precise viewing geometry between NISTAR measurements and GCM output data, while averaging out the meteorological weather noise. However, GCM generated data are radiative fluxes, while NISTAR (and EPIC) measurements are near-backscattered radiances. Conversing NISTSR measurements into radiative fluxes cannot be accomplished using NISTAR data alone, even with detailed support from conventional satellite data. But the identical viewing geometry of Earth’s sunlit hemisphere, and synergistic analyses of EPIC data make it feasible for this conversion of NISTAR near-backscatter radiances into radiative fluxes.
Features of Providing of Dental Care to the Population of Kazakhstan in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Есембаева С.С. 
Published: March 2022

Работа стоматолога сопряжена с высоким риском заражения коронавирусом. В статье приводятся рекомендации по соблюдению мер безопасности на стоматологическом приеме. Применение бормашины сопряжено с образованием мелкодисперсного аэрозольного потока, в котором присутствуют частицы слюны пациента, легко проникающие под обычную медицинскую маску. Если человек уже заражен коронавирусом – риск заражения врача и персонала может достигать 99,9%.Врач-стоматолог после контакта с носителем коронавируса может потенциально стать разносчиком инфекции для коллег, членов семьи. Опасность возрастает при применении ультразвуковых скалеров, установок Эйр Флоу, так как при проведении профессиональной чистки зубов образуется взвесь из воды и частичек слюны под давлением. Стоматологи должны быть защищены костюмами медперсонала, очками, касками, шлемами, 6–7-слойными масками и респираторами.Сбор жалоб и анамнеза, обсуждение плана лечения рекомендуется проводить по телефону. Особое значение приобретает соблюдение санитарно-дезинфекционного режима в стоматологическом кабинете.
The Dentist works carries a high risk of coronavirus infection. The article provides recommendations for observing safety measures at a dental appointment. The use of a drill is associated with the formation of a finely dispersed aerosol stream, in which there are particles of the patient’s saliva that easily penetrate under a conventional medical mask. If a person is already infected with coronavirus, the risk of infection of a doctor and staff can reach 99.9%.After contact with a carrier of the coronavirus, a dentist can potentially become a carrier of infection for colleagues and family members. The danger increases with the use of ultrasonic scalers, Air Flow devices, since a suspension of water and saliva particles under pressure is formed during professional teeth cleaning. The Dentists should be protected by nursing suits, goggles, hard hats, helmets, 6–7-layer masks and respirators.Collection of complaints and anamnesis, discussion of the treatment plan is recommended by phone. Of particular importance is the observance of the sanitary and disinfection regime in the dental office.
Treatment with Citicoline Eye Drops Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy
Authors: Марченко Л.Н. , Далидович А.А. , Качан Т.В. , Муштина Т.А. , Терешенко О.В. 
Published: March 2022

В статье приведены результаты лечения глаукомной оптиконейропатии у пациентов с развитой стадией первичной открытоугольной глаукомы глазными каплями цитиколина (OMK1R, Omikron, Италия). Применение препарата 3 раза в день в течение трех месяцев оказало положительное влияние на светочувствительность сетчатки (периметрические показатели MD и PSD), качество жизни и стабилизировало биометрические параметры: среднюю толщину перипапиллярного слоя нервных волокон, полный макулярный объем и соотношение площади экскавации и диска зрительного нерва. Глазные капли цитиколина обладают удовлетворительным профилем местной и системной безопасности, а также переносимости пациентами с первичной открытоугольной глаукомой.
The article presents the results of the treatment of glaucoma optic neuropathy in patients with a developed stage of primary open-angle glaucoma with eye drops of citicoline (ОМК1R, Omikron, Italy). The use of the drug 3 times a day for three months had a positive effect on the photosensitivity of the retina (perimetric indicators MD and PSD), quality of life and stabilized biometric parameters: the average thickness of the peripapillary layer of nerve fibers, the total macular volume and the ratio of the area of excavation and the optic disc. Citicoline eye drops have a satisfactory local and systemic safety profile, as well as tolerability in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma.
Chronic Intrathecal Administration of Analgesics (Literature Review, Clinical Example)
Authors: Алексеевец В.В. , Лихачев С.А. , Наумовская Н.А. , Боярчик В.П. 
Published: March 2022

Хроническая боль – один из наиболее распространенных факторов, влияющих на качество жизни человека. В развитых странах количество взрослых людей, испытывающих хронический болевой синдром, достигает 13–50%, из них 10,4–14,3% испытывают выраженную, тяжелую боль. Одним из эффективных методов лечения тяжелой хронической не головной боли является метод хронического титрования анальгетиков в спинномозговой канал посредством программируемой имплантируемой помпы. Основное преимущество этого метода заключается в низкой дозе анальгетика (почти в 200 раз ниже по сравнению с внутривенным введением при том же обезболивающем эффекте) и низкой избирательности по отношению к типам болевых синдромов. Однако данный метод имеет ряд недостатков, главный из которых – угроза развития толерантности к опиатам. Тем не менее в настоящее время риск развития толерантности при хроническом интратекальном титровании морфина оценивается как 35,7%. В настоящее время в ГУ «РНПЦ неврологии и нейрохирургии» наряду с другими методами хирургического контроля тяжелого хронического болевого синдрома (деструктивные операции, хроническая стимуляция спинного мозга и др.) применяется хроническое интратекальное титрование морфина как метод последней линии в контроле тяжелых болевых синдромов туловища и конечностей.
Chronic pain is one of the most common factors that affect a person’s quality of life. In western countries, the number of adults who suffer from chronic pain syndrome reaches 13–50%, 10.4– 14.3% of them experience severe pain. One of the most effective methods of treating severe chronic non-headache pain is the method of chronic titration of spinal canal analgesics by means of a programmable implantable pump. The main advantage of this method is a low dose of analgesic (50–100 times lower if compared to parenteral administration with the same analgesiceffect) and low selectivity in relation to the types of pain syndromes. However, this method has a number of disadvantages, the main of which is the threat of developing tolerance to opiates. However, currently the risk of developing tolerance in chronic intrathecal titration of morphine is estimated as 35.7%. Currently, the State research center of neurology and neurosurgery, along with other methods of surgical control of severe chronic pain syndrome (destructive operations, chronic spinal cord stimulation, etc.), uses chronic intrathecal titration of morphine as a last-line method in the control of severe pain syndromes of the trunk and limbs.
Algorithm for Clinical Staging of a Cystocele
Authors: Нечипоренко А.С. 
Published: March 2022

Введение. Документирующая диагностика цистоцеле, осложненного расстройствами мочеиспускания (РМ), – актуальная клиническая проблема.Цель. Разработка алгоритма для клинико-лучевого стадирования цистоцеле, осложненного РМ.Материалы и методы. Данные комплексного обследования 73 пациенток с цистоцеле, осложненным РМ в виде стрессового недержания мочи и затрудненного мочеиспускания, с использованием статической и функциональной МРТ.Результаты. Разработан алгоритм клинико-лучевого стадирования цистоцеле, основанный на оценке анатомо-томографического состояния парауретрального связочного аппарата и положения мочевого пузыря на основе измерений угла инклинации уретры.Выводы. Алгоритм клинико-лучевого стадирования цистоцеле позволяет провести объективную диагностику цистоцеле, осложненного РМ, способствует снижению количества необоснованных диагностических процедур, дает возможность обосновать тип оперативного лечения.
Introduction. The documenting diagnosis of cystocele complicated by urination disorders (UD) is an urgent clinical problem.Purpose. Development of an algorithm for clinical beam staging of cystocele complicated by UD. Materials and methods. Data from a comprehensive examination of 73 patients with cystocele complicated by UD in the form of stress urinary incontinence and difficulty urinating using static and functional MRI.Results. An algorithm has been developed for clinical and radiation staging of cystocele, based on the assessment of the anatomical and tomographic state of the paraurethral ligamentous apparatus and the position of the bladder based on measurements of the incidence angle of the urethra.Conclusions. The algorithm of clinical beam staging of cystocele allows an objective diagnosis of cystocele complicated by UD, helps to reduce the number of unjustified diagnostic procedures, makes it possible to justify the type of surgical treatment.
Childhood Adversity as a Factor of Self-Stigma in Patients with Schizophrenia
Authors: Лутова Н.Б. , Сорокин М.Ю. , Новикова К.Е. , Портениер С.Н. , Вид В.Д. 
Published: March 2022

Введение. Пациенты с психическими расстройствами склонны к самостигматизации. Неблагоприятный детский опыт у них может являться фактором, предрасполагающим к более тяжелому типу реакции на давление социальной стигмы.Цель. Изучить взаимосвязи детской травмы с личностными характеристиками и самостигматизацией у больных шизофренией.Материалы и методы. 30 госпитальных пациентов, опросники/шкалы оценки неблагоприятного опыта (НДО), темперамента и характера (TCI), внутренней стигмы (ISMI). Использован дисперсионный анализ, приведены размеры эффектов для p≤0,05.Результаты. Описаны: 1) распространенность в выборке неблагоприятного детского опыта (40%) и внутренней стигмы (50%), 2) особенности детской травмы, стигмы и личности пациентов в зависимости от их пола, количества госпитализаций, диагностических подгрупп, склонность пациентов, перенесших в детстве негативный опыт, к чувству отчужденности, восприятию дискриминации, низкой самонаправленности.Выводы. Предложены стратегии минимизации влияния негативного детского опыта как элементов первичной, вторичной, третичной профилактики психических расстройств и психиатрической стигмы.
Background. Patients with mental disorders tend to self-stigmatize. Childhood adversity in them may be a factor predisposing to a more severe type of reaction of patients to the pressure of social stigma.Purpose. To study the relationship of childhood trauma with personal characteristics and self- stigmatization in patients with schizophrenia.Materials and methods. 30 hospital patients, questionnaires / scales for assessment of adverse childhood experiences (ACE), temperament and character (TCI), internalized stigma (ISMI). Dispersion analysis was used; the effect sizes were received for the results with p≤0.05.Results. 1. In the sample, the prevalence of childhood adversity was 40% and self-stigmatization – 50%. 2. The features of child maltreatment, stigma and personality were described depending on gender, number of hospitalizations, diagnostic subgroups. 3. Those of the subjects, who hadchildhood adversity, were tending to alienation, high perceived discrimination, and low self- direction.Conclusion. The strategies for minimizing the impact of psycho-social traumas in children were proposed as elements of primary, secondary, tertiary prevention of mental disorders and psychiatric stigma.