bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On functional logistic regression: some conceptual issues
Authors: Berrendero José R. , Bueno-Larraz Beatriz , Cuevas Antonio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe main ideas behind the classic multivariate logistic regression model make sense when translated to the functional setting, where the explanatory variableXis a function and the responseYis binary. However, some important technical issues appear (or are aggravated with respect to those of the multivariate case) due to the functional nature of the explanatory variable. First, the mere definition of the model can be questioned: While most approaches so far proposed rely on the$$L^2$$L2-based model, we explore an alternative (in some sense, more general) approach, based on the theory of reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHS). The validity conditions of such RKHS-based model, and their relation with the$$L^2$$L2-based one, are investigated and made explicit in two formal results. Some relevant particular cases are considered as well. Second, we show that, under very general conditions, the maximum likelihood of the logistic model parameters fails to exist in the functional case, although some restricted versions can be considered. Third, we check (in the framework of binary classification) the practical performance of some RKHS-based procedures, well-suited to our model: They are compared to several competing methods via Monte Carlo experiments and the analysis of real data sets.
Perceptions of Context. Epistemological and Methodological Implications for Meta-Studying Zoo-Communication
Authors: Ongstad Sigmund 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAlthough this study inspects context in general, it is even intended as a prerequisite for a meta-study of contextual time&space in zoo-communication. Moving the scope from linguistics to culture, communication, and semiotics may reveal new similarities between context-perceptions. Paradigmatic historical moves and critical context theories are inspected, asking whether there is aleast-common-multiplefor perceptions of context. The short answer is that context is relational – a bi-product of attention from a position, creating a focused object, and hence an obscured (back-)ground – the attention’s context. A more comprehensive one is that when the focused phenomenon is culture, semiotics, or communication, context becomes embodied. This recognition triggers new questions: What is the relation between embodied, immanent context and this perception’s external, physical context (its surroundings)? If utterances are regarded as constituted by the triad form-content-actandthe dyadic chronotope time&space, what and where is then context? Which challenges will empirical (zoo-)communicational research face if context is split in internal and external versions of context? These questions raise some epistemological and methodological issues. These are discussed based on a framework that regards communication as a micro-macro interplay between utterance and genre. Genres are kinds of communication. More specifically animal genres related to their basic life-functions are calledlife-genres. A conclusion is that life-genres function as both mental and situational contexts. This complicates empirical research on communication in general, and zoo-communication in particular. The paper concludes that contexts’ relational and embodied nature and the ‘situational’ characteristics of life-genres challenge researchers to validate continuously, shifting between contextualising, decontextualising, and recontextualising.
Review of the effects of the anthropogenic on the wetland environment
Authors: Ostad-Ali-Askari Kaveh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe constant deficiency of water modality will increase the incidence of complaint, predominantly for unguarded people in undeveloped republics, where practical doses and substitutes are not enthusiastically available. Many wetland-reliant on types in many percentages of the ecosphere are in degeneration; the location of kind dependent on domestic waters are of exact uneasiness. The chief deficiency and impairment of rivers, branch, swamplands, and other interior wetlands have been occupant’s expansion and increasing financial development. The key deficiency and impairment include infrastructure development, land alteration, water removal, pollution, and the plan of offensive eccentric categories. Agronomical governments and approaches have applied a widespread diversity of characteristically conflicting properties on exclusive and coastal wetlands globally. The foremost the impairment and deficiency of wetlands, including seawater swamplands have been revision to other earthly practices. The most important changes were the development of anthropological populations in the coastal areas and the increase in economic activity. The destruction and dissolution of wetlands, an important route of travel, has endangered many species and injured others. Global climate change is estimated to increase the damage and deprivation of many wetlands, as well as the damage or degradation of their species, and harm the anthropological inhabitants who depend on the facility. Many wetlands change as a result of estimated sea level rise, increased storm surges and storm surges, variability in storm surge concentration and frequency, and fluctuations in waterway flow and sediment flow. The effects of global climate change often amplify the effects of wetland withdrawal. It is well known why many types of wetlands, such as lakes and wetlands, are relocated, transformed, or looted, but the benefits of their conservation are often greater than the benefits associated with their alteration. It will be bigger. In wetland conservation, indigenous peoples have often been excluded from the decision-making process. Decisions at many stages ignore the relationship between wetland conditions and the establishment of wetland facilities, and the resulting benefits to the individual. Many of the amenities supported by wetlands are unfunded and are accumulated in civilizations on a national and global scale. The benefits of transforming wetlands include those that stimulate wetland drainage for agriculture and those that stimulate important wetlands through intensive organizations that include advances in municipalities, manufacturing and recreational industries. It is repeatedly exaggerated by money. With the results in mind, high-level potential hazards and zones with different hazard levels and management approaches have been proposed for this wetland.
A Framework for Learning Event Sequences and Explaining Detected Anomalies in a Smart Home Environment
Authors: Baudisch Justin , Richter Birte , Jungeblut Thorsten 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a framework for learning event sequences for anomaly detection in a smart home environment. It addresses environment conditions, device grouping, system performance and explainability of anomalies. Our method models user behavior as sequences of events, triggered by interaction of the home residents with the Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Based on a given set of recorded event sequences, the system can learn the habitual behavior of the residents. An anomaly is described as deviation from that normal behavior, previously learned by the system. One key feature of our framework is the explainability of detected anomalies, which is implemented through a simple rule analysis.
Classifying sepsis from photoplethysmography
Authors: Lombardi Sara , Partanen Petri , Francia Piergiorgio , Calamai Italo , Deodati Rossella , Luchini Marco , Spina Rosario , Bocchi Leonardo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction. It is caused by a dysregulated immune response to an infection and is one of the leading causes of death in the intensive care unit (ICU). Early detection and treatment of sepsis can increase the survival rate of patients. The use of devices such as the photoplethysmograph could allow the early evaluation in addition to continuous monitoring of septic patients. The aim of this study was to verify the possibility of detecting sepsis in patients from whom the photoplethysmographic signal was acquired via a pulse oximeter. In this work, we developed a deep learning-based model for sepsis identification. The model takes a single input, the photoplethysmographic signal acquired by pulse oximeter, and performs a binary classification between septic and nonseptic samples. To develop the method, we used MIMIC-III database, which contains data from ICU patients. Specifically, the selected dataset includes 85 septic subjects and 101 control subjects. The PPG signals acquired from these patients were segmented, processed and used as input for the developed model with the aim of identifying sepsis. The proposed method achieved an accuracy of 76.37% with a sensitivity of 70.95% and a specificity of 81.04% on the test set. As regards the ROC curve, the Area Under Curve reached a value of 0.842. The results of this study indicate how the plethysmographic signal can be used as a warning sign for the early detection of sepsis with the aim of reducing the time for diagnosis and therapeutic intervention. Furthermore, the proposed method is suitable for integration in continuous patient monitoring.
Injury-Inciting Activities in Male and Female Football Players: A Systematic Review
Authors: Aiello Francesco , Impellizzeri Franco M. , Brown Susan J. , Serner Andreas , McCall Alan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
A comprehensive examination of the sport-specific activities performed around the time of injury is important to hypothesise injury mechanisms, develop prevention strategies, improve management, and inform future investigations. The aim of this systematic review is to summarise the current literature describing the activities performed around the time of injury in football (soccer).

Methods
A systematic search was carried out in PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and OpenGrey. Studies were included if participants were football players aged > 13 years old and the activities performed at the time of injury were reported together with the total number of injuries. Risk of bias was assessed using an adapted version of checklists developed for prevalence studies. The activities reported by the studies were grouped to account for inconsistent reporting, and the proportion of each injury activity was calculated. Data were not meta-analysed due to high heterogeneity of methods and classification criteria.

Results
We included 64 studies reporting on 56,740 injuries in total. ACL injures were analysed by 12 studies, ankle/foot and knee injuries were analysed by five studies, thigh injuries were analysed by four studies, hip/groin injuries were analysed by three studies, and hamstring injuries were analysed by two studies. Five studies analysed more than one type of injury and 38 studies did not specify the type of injuries analysed. Running and kicking were the predominant activities leading to thigh and hamstring injuries. Changing direction and kicking were the predominant activities leading to hip and groin injuries and duels were the predominant activities leading to ankle injuries. Duels and pressing seem the predominant activities leading to ACL injuries, while results for other knee and general injuries were inconsistent.

Conclusions
A qualitative summary of the activities performed at the time of injury has been reported. The results need to be interpreted carefully due to the risk of bias observed in the included studies. If we are to meaningfully progress our knowledge in this area, it is paramount that future research uses consistent methods to record and classify injuries and activities leading up to and performed at the time of injury.

Registration
The protocol of this systematic review was registered at the Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/U96KV).
Minimal Intervention Dentistry (MID) mainstream or unconventional option? Study exploring the impact of COVID-19 on paediatric dentists’ views and practices of MID for managing carious primary teeth in children across the United Kingdom and European Union
Authors: BaniHani A. , Hamid A. , Van Eeckhoven J. , Gizani S. , Albadri S. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To explore the techniques used to manage carious primary teeth during the COVID-19 pandemic by paediatric dentists and dentists with a special interest in paediatric dentistry (DwSI) who are members of the British Society of Paediatric Dentistry (BSPD) and the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD), and their views on the use of minimal intervention dentistry (MID) in children prior to, during and post the COVID era.

Methods
A total of 212 paediatric dentists and DwSI completed an online questionnaire. Six MID techniques were explored: fissure sealants, resin infiltration, Hall Technique (HT), 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF), atraumatic restorative treatment (ART), stepwise removal and selective caries removal.

Results
The majority were specialists (26%) followed by clinical academics (23.1%) working mainly in university teaching hospitals (46.2%). Routine dental treatment for children with carious primary teeth was provided by the majority (92.5%) during the pandemic. HT (96%) and 38% SDF (65.7%) were the most commonly used techniques among the BSPD members whereas conventional restoration of non-selective caries removal and pulp therapy remained the most widely used technique among the EAPD members (66.2%). Most of the MID techniques were used as a treatment option (48.1%) rather than a choice (43.4%), with most of these choices having been affected by the patient’s behaviour (82.5%). More than one thirds (39.2%) of the participants were reluctant to adopt MID after the pandemic. Several barriers such as lack of teaching and confidence as well as perceived lack of evidence were identified.

Conclusion
A range of MID techniques is practiced broadly by a sample of paediatric dentists and DwSI across the United Kingdom (U.K) and European Union (E.U). The majority of clinicians are willing to continue using these techniques going forward after COVID restrictions are lifted. The pandemic served as an opportunity for many dentists to become familiar with various MID practices, such as SDF, which has been already established some time ago.
Quasi-Solid-State Ion-Conducting Arrays Composite Electrolytes with Fast Ion Transport Vertical-Aligned Interfaces for All-Weather Practical Lithium-Metal Batteries
Authors: Li Xinyang , Wang Yong , Xi Kai , Yu Wei , Feng Jie , Gao Guoxin , Wu Hu , Jiang Qiu , Abdelkader Amr , Hua Weibo , Zhong Guiming , Ding Shujiang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe rapid improvement in the gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) with high ionic conductivity brought it closer to practical applications in solid-state Li-metal batteries. The combination of solvent and polymer enables quasi-liquid fast ion transport in the GPEs. However, different ion transport capacity between solvent and polymer will cause local nonuniform Li+ distribution, leading to severe dendrite growth. In addition, the poor thermal stability of the solvent also limits the operating-temperature window of the electrolytes. Optimizing the ion transport environment and enhancing the thermal stability are two major challenges that hinder the application of GPEs. Here, a strategy by introducing ion-conducting arrays (ICA) is created by vertical-aligned montmorillonite into GPE. Rapid ion transport on the ICA was demonstrated by 6Li solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance and synchrotron X-ray diffraction, combined with computer simulations to visualize the transport process. Compared with conventional randomly dispersed fillers, ICA provides continuous interfaces to regulate the ion transport environment and enhances the tolerance of GPEs to extreme temperatures. Therefore, GPE/ICA exhibits high room-temperature ionic conductivity (1.08 mS cm−1) and long-term stable Li deposition/stripping cycles (> 1000 h). As a final proof, Li||GPE/ICA||LiFePO4 cells exhibit excellent cycle performance at wide temperature range (from 0 to 60 °C), which shows a promising path toward all-weather practical solid-state batteries.
Nanocrystalline Iron Pyrophosphate-Regulated Amorphous Phosphate Overlayer for Enhancing Solar Water Oxidation
Authors: Xia Chengkai , Li Yuankai , Je Minyeong , Kim Jaekyum , Cho Sung Min , Choi Chang Hyuck , Choi Heechae , Kim Tae-Hoon , Kim Jung Kyu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA rational regulation of the solar water splitting reaction pathway by adjusting the surface composition and phase structure of catalysts is a substantial approach to ameliorate the sluggish reaction kinetics and improve the energy conversion efficiency. In this study, we demonstrate a nanocrystalline iron pyrophosphate (Fe4(P2O7)3, FePy)-regulated hybrid overlayer with amorphous iron phosphate (FePO4, FePi) on the surface of metal oxide nanostructure with boosted photoelectrochemical (PEC) water oxidation. By manipulating the facile electrochemical surface treatment followed by the phosphating process, nanocrystalline FePy is localized in the FePi amorphous overlayer to form a heterogeneous hybrid structure. The FePy-regulated hybrid overlayer (FePy@FePi) results in significantly enhanced PEC performance with long-term durability. Compared with the homogeneous FePi amorphous overlayer, FePy@FePi can improve the charge transfer efficiency more significantly, from 60% of FePi to 79% of FePy@FePi. Our density-functional theory calculations reveal that the coexistence of FePi and FePy phases on the surface of metal oxide results in much better oxygen evolution reaction kinetics, where the FePi was found to have a typical down-hill reaction for the conversion from OH* to O2, while FePy has a low free energy for the formation of OH*.
Graphical abstract
The Effects of Teaching Undergraduate Freshmen Biology Courses in Spanish and English
Authors: Chapman Angela , Weimer Amy A. , Torres-Avila Mirayda , Trejo Cristina , Racelis Alexis 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study examines the attitudes and experiences of bilingual learners across two instructional types, identifying how the language of instruction affects the context of learning, and how the experience of the learners differs. Participants included 269 predominantly Hispanic undergraduate students in a general biology course attending a Hispanic Serving Institution in a bilingual community along the US-Mexico border. A bilingual faculty member, who recognizes the sociocultural and contextual factors that affect student learning and adopts a teaching philosophy founded in Culturally Responsive Practices (CRP) and valuing students’ Funds of Knowledge taught the class. This study utilized a mixed method design including analyses of quantitative student learning outcomesa and qualitative data on students’ experiences in educational contexts. While all learners were enrolled in sections of the course in which the instructor used CRP, only half of the learners received instruction bilingually in Spanish and English, allowing a comparison of the effects of bilingual instruction. Analyses of student experiences and knowledge gained revealed significantly greater learning in the bilingual courses, compared to English monolingual sections taught by the same faculty member. Results suggest that the use of bilingual instructional approaches can lead to positive outcomes for bilingual undergraduate students. These findings can be used by educators and policy makers alike, with interest in promoting the academic and sociocultural development of bilingual undergraduate students.
Breaking bad news in the era of artificial intelligence and algorithmic medicine: an exploration of disclosure and its ethical justification using the hedonic calculus
Authors: Post Benjamin , Badea Cosmin , Faisal Aldo , Brett Stephen J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAn appropriate ethical framework around the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare has become a key desirable with the increasingly widespread deployment of this technology. Advances in AI hold the promise of improving the precision of outcome prediction at the level of the individual. However, the addition of these technologies to patient–clinician interactions, as with any complex human interaction, has potential pitfalls. While physicians have always had to carefully consider the ethical background and implications of their actions, detailed deliberations around fast-moving technological progress may not have kept up. We use a common but key challenge in healthcare interactions, the disclosure of bad news (likely imminent death), to illustrate how the philosophical framework of the 'Felicific Calculus' developed in the eighteenth century by Jeremy Bentham, may have a timely quasi-quantitative application in the age of AI. We show how this ethical algorithm can be used to assess, across seven mutually exclusive and exhaustive domains, whether an AI-supported action can be morally justified.
Impact of Spirulina platensis on physicochemical, antioxidant, microbiological and sensory properties of functional labneh
Authors: Ebid Warda M. A. , Ali Gehad S. , Elewa Neimat A. H. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSpirulina powder contains vitamins A, E and all B vitamins, high-quality proteins, 18 of the 20 known amino acids, Ca and K as well as many essential minerals and enzymes. The current study was conducted to make healthy Spirulina probiotic labneh (SPL) by investigating the effect of adding Spirulina (Spirulina platensis) powder on physicochemical, microbiological properties, antioxidant activity and sensorial characteristics beside nutritional value compared to control. SPL was inoculated by Lactobacillus acidophilus and Streptococcus thermophilus. Added of microalgae to concentrated fermented buffalo’s milk by (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.7 and 1% w/v) Spirulina individually. Spirulina probiotic labneh samples exhibited significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased the viability of probiotic, higher levels of protein, dietary fiber and antioxidant activity, while lower syneresis than the control labneh. Vitamins B1, B9, and B12, as well as minerals like Fe, Zn, K, and Mg, were found to be higher in the SPL samples than in the control. The phytopigments increased with increasing levels of Spirulina with values ranging from 0.16 to 0.61 for chlorophyll a and from 3.10 to 4.89 for Phycocyanin. (Chlorophyll a, carotenoids) were increased with increasing the added levels from Spirulina comparing with control. Subsequently, it is recommended manufacture probiotic labneh with forficate by Spirulina as a potential source for phenolic and flavonoid compounds, phytopigments, vitamins, fiber and a high content of minerals.
Counter-peace: From isolated blockages in peace processes to systemic patterns
Authors: Pogodda Sandra , Richmond Oliver P. , Visoka Gëzim 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn the face of the current decline or spectacular collapse of peace processes, this article investigates whether peace has become systematically blocked. It investigates whether the ineffectiveness of an ‘international peace architecture’ (IPA) can be explained by a more potent counterpeace system, which is growing in its shadow. It identifies counterpeace as proto-systemic processes that connect spoilers across all scales (local, regional, national, transnational), while exploiting structural blockages to peace and unintended consequences of peace interventions. It elaborates three distinct patterns of blockages to peace in contemporary conflicts across the globe: the stalemate, limited counterpeace, and unmitigated counterpeace. Drawing on the counterrevolution literature, this research asks: Have peace interventions become the source of their own undoing? Which factors consolidate or aggravate emerging conflict patterns? Are blockages to peace systemic enough to construct a sedimentary and layered counterpeace edifice?