bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Job satisfaction and self-perceptions among Ecuadorian medical doctors during their compulsory rural community social service. A countrywide cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Izquierdo-Condoy Juan S. , Morales-Lapo Estefanía , Hidalgo Marlon , Tello-De-la-Torre Andrea , Ruiz-Sosa Carlos , Sánchez-Ordoñez David , Puglla Alexander , Vasconez-Gonzáles Jorge , Carrington Sarah J. , Ortiz-Prado Esteban , Guerrero Galo S. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective

To describe the level of job satisfaction and perceptions of recently graduated Ecuadorian physicians regarding compulsory social service.

Methodology

A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted based on a self-administered online questionnaire from February to March 2022, in recently graduated Ecuadorian physicians who were performing their compulsory social service. Participants were invited through official outreach groups. A total of 247 surveys were included in this study. We assessed job satisfaction by means of the S20/23 job satisfaction questionnaire and compared these results with sociodemographic variables and job characteristics of the participants. We performed the reliability test (Cronbach's alpha) to find the validity of the S20/23 questionnaire in physicians performing compulsory social service.

Results

The majority of participants were women (61.0%), and overall job satisfaction was 4.1/7.0 pts. "indifferent". The only satisfaction factor in which a predominance of dissatisfaction was found related to benefits/remuneration (43.3%). Participants' perceptions of wrong academic guidance during training, insufficient induction, and negative experiences during work were related to higher levels of dissatisfaction (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The level of job satisfaction of recently graduated Ecuadorian physicians during their compulsory social service was low and graduates indicated a neutral attitude towards job satisfaction in general. Negative perceptions with respect to training and expectation formation prior to and during the mandatory social service generated greater dissatisfaction. The Ministry of Health of Ecuador, as an organizational entity, should implement improvements to increase the job satisfaction of recently graduated physicians, given the implications that this experience may have for their professional future.
Evidence for auroral influence on Jupiter’s stratospheric composition revealed by ALMA
Authors: Cavalié Thibault , Rezac Ladislav , Moreno Raphael , Lellouch Emmanuel , Fouchet Thierry , Benmahi Bilal , Greathouse Thomas , Sinclair James , Hue Vincent , Hartogh Paul , Dobrijevic Michel , Carrasco Nathalie , Perrin Zoé 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The localized delivery of new long-lived species to Jupiter’s stratosphere by comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 in 1994 opened a window to constrain jovian chemistry and dynamics by monitoring the evolution of their vertical and horizontal distributions. ALMA observations of HCN and CO in March 2017 show that CO was meridionally uniform and restricted to pressures lower than 3±1 mbar. HCN shared a similar vertical distribution in the low-to-mid latitudes, but was surprisingly depleted at pressures higher than 0.04(-0.03; +0.07) mbar in the polar regions. We propose that heterogeneous chemistry bonds HCN on large aurora-produced aerosols at these pressures in the jovian polar regions causing the observed depletion. We also propose that a relatively small fraction of CO causes enhanced production of CO2 inside the aurora to explain the long-term decrease of the CO column density and the CO2 peak observed only at southern polar latitudes in 2000.
The Association of Periodontal Disease and Oral Health with Hypertension, NHANES 2009-2018
Authors: Li Yuting , Yuan Xiaojing , Zheng Qiutong , Mo Fengxin , Zhu Shiheng , Shen Tianran , Yang Wenhan , Chen Qingsong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Hypertension is a worldwide public health problem. We sought to explore the interaction of oral health and smoking on hypertension, and periodontal disease and smoking on hypertension.
Methods: We included 21,800 participants aged ≧30 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2018. Information of oral health and periodontal disease were self-reported. Blood pressure was taken by trained personnel and/or physicians at mobile testing center. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate the association between smoking, oral health, periodontal disease, and the risk of hypertension. The effects of oral health and periodontal disease on hypertension under smoking status were analyzed by stratified and interaction analysis.
Results: A total of 21,800 participants were investigated, including 11,017 (50.54%) in hypertensive group and 10,783 (49.46%) in non-hypertensive group. Compared with the excellent/very good of oral health, the multivariable-adjusted OR of good, fair, and poor were 1.17 (95% CI, 1.05–1.30), 1.37 (95% CI, 1.22–1.54), and 1.61 (95% CI, 1.36-1.92) (p for trend < 0.001) for hypertension, respectively. Compared without periodontal disease group, the multivariable-adjusted OR of periodontal disease for hypertension was 1.28 (95% CI ,1.16-1.42) (p for trend < 0.001). Furthermore, the p-values for interactions between oral health and smoking or between periodontal disease and smoking were < 0.001.
Conclusions: An association between oral health and periodontal disease with the prevalence of hypertension was identified. There exists interactive effect of oral health and smoking, periodontal disease and smoking on hypertension in American population over 30 years of age and older.
Radium-223 in women with hormone receptor-positive bone-metastatic breast cancer receiving endocrine therapy: pooled analysis of two international, phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials
Authors: Rugo Hope S , Poznak Catherine H. Van , Neven Patrick , Danielewicz Iwona , Lee Soo Chin , Campone Mario , Chik Jeannie Y. K , Alonso Estela Vega , Naume Bjørn , Brain Etienne , Siegel Jonathan M. , Li Rui , Uema Deise , Wagner Volker J. , Coleman Robert E. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background Most women with advanced breast cancer have skeletal metastases. Radium-223 is an alpha-emitting radionuclide that selectively targets areas of bone metastases.
Methods Two double-blind, placebo-controlled studies of radium-223 were conducted in women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+), bone-predominant metastatic breast cancer. All patients received endocrine therapy (ET) as a single agent of the investigator’s choice (Study A) or exemestane + everolimus (Study B). Patients were randomized to receive radium-223 (55 kBq/kg) or placebo intravenously every 4 weeks for six doses. Accrual was halted following unblinded interim analyses per protocol amendments, and both studies were terminated. We report pooled analyses of symptomatic skeletal event-free survival (SSE-FS; primary endpoint), radiologic progression-free survival (rPFS) and overall survival (OS; secondary), and time to bone alkaline phosphatase (ALP) progression (exploratory).
Results In total, 382 patients were enrolled, and 196 SSE-FS events (70% planned total) were recorded. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) and nominal p values for radium-223 + ET versus placebo + ET were: SSE-FS 0.809 (0.610–1.072), p = 0.1389; rPFS 0.956 (0.759–1.205), p = 0.7039; OS 0.889 (0.660–1.199), p = 0.4410; and time to bone ALP progression 0.593 (0.379–0.926), p = 0.0195. Radium-223- or placebo-related treatment-emergent adverse events were reported in 50.3% versus 35.1% of patients (grade 3/4: 25.7% vs. 8.5%), with fractures/bone-associated events in 23.5% versus 23.9%.
Conclusions In patients with HR + bone-metastatic breast cancer, pooled analyses showed a small trend favoring radium-223 + ET over placebo + ET for bone-related endpoints, but not for progression or survival endpoints.
Clinical trial registration numbers
Study A: NCT02258464, registered October 7, 2014
Study B: NCT02258451, registered October 7, 2014
Molecular insights into Spindlin1-HBx interplay and its impact on HBV transcription from cccDNA minichromosome
Authors: Li Haitao , Liu Wei , Yao Qiyan , Su Xiaonan , Deng Yafang , Peng Bo , Zhao Fan , Du Chao , Wang Daliang , Li Wenhui 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Molecular interplay between host epigenetic factors and viral proteins constitutes an intriguing mechanism in sustaining hepatitis B virus (HBV) life cycle and its chronic infection. HBV encodes a regulatory protein, HBx, which activates transcription and replication of HBV genome organized as covalently closed circular (ccc) DNA minichromosome. Here we illustrate how HBx accomplishes its task by hijacking Spindlin1, an epigenetic reader comprising three consecutive Tudor domains. Our biochemical and structural studies revealed that the highly conserved N-terminal 2-21 segment of HBx (HBx2-21) intimately associates with Tudor 3 of Spindlin1 without affecting methylated histone H3 readout by Tudors 2 and 1. Functionally, Spindlin1-HBx engagement promotes gene expression from the chromatinized cccDNA, accompanied by an epigenetic switch from H3K9me3-enriched repressive to H3K4me3-marked active chromatin state. Despite a long-proposed transrepression activity of HBx2-21, our study uncovers a key role of this conserved motif in recruiting Spindlin1 so as to unlock the repressive function of HBx N-terminal domain for regulated expression of HBV genome at the minichromosomal level.
Explicit versus implicit consideration of binding partners in protein-protein complex to elucidate intrinsic dynamics
Authors: Dasgupta Bhaskar , Tiwari Sandhya P 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Many proteins are involved in tightly controlled binding to other proteins by incorporating intrinsic dynamics in the binding process, which can in turn be modulated. Therefore, investigating the intrinsic dynamics of proteins is necessary to understand function in a comprehensive way. By intrinsic dynamics herein we mostly review the vibrational signature of a protein molecule popularly obtained from normal modes or essential modes. For normal modes one often considers that the molecule under investigation is a collection of springs in a solvent-free or implicit-solvent medium. However, in the context of a protein binding partner, the analysis of vibration of the target protein is often complicated due to molecular interaction within the complex. Generally, it is assumed that the isolated bound conformation of the target protein captures the implicit effect of the binding partner on the intrinsic dynamics, thereby any influence of the partner molecule is also already integrated. Such an assumption allows large-scale studies of the conservation of protein flexibility. However, in cases where a partner protein directly influences vibration of a target via critical contacts at the protein-protein interface, the above assumption falls short of providing a detailed view. In this review, we discuss the implications of considering the dynamics of a protein in a protein-protein complex, as modelled implicitly and explicitly with methods dependent on elastic network models. We further propose how such an explicit consideration can be applied to understand critical protein-protein contacts that can be targeted in future studies.
Autologous dendritic cell vaccination against HIV-1 induces changes in natural killer cell frequency, phenotype and functionality
Authors: Aerts Joeri , Laeremans Thessa , Roover Sabine den , Lungu Cynthia , D'haese Sigrid , Gruters Rob , Allard Sabine 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Although natural killer (NK) cells have been studied in dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccination in the field of cancer immunology, their role has barely been addressed in the context of therapeutic vaccination against HIV-1. In this study, we evaluated whether a therapeutic DC-based vaccine consisting of monocyte-derived DCs electroporated with Tat, Rev and Nef mRNA affects NK-cell frequency, phenotype and functionality in HIV-1-infected individuals. Although the frequency of total NK cells did not change, we observed a significant increase in cytotoxic NK cells following immunisation. In addition, significant changes in the NK cell phenotype associated with migration and exhaustion were observed together with increased NK-cell mediated killing and (poly)functionality. Our results show that DC-based vaccination has profound effects on NK cells, which highlights the importance of evaluating NK cells in future clinical trials looking at DC-based immunotherapy in the context of (therapeutic) HIV-1 infection.
Detail design (DD), front end (FE), back end (BE) design of non-tactical deployable 20 GWh (17.20841 kilo ton TNT) plane wave lens configuration fusion device
Authors: Rafique Muhammad Musaddique Ali 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A simple plane wave lens, using an inert central plastic wave shaper, has been designed. An experiment was done with a 4 in diam, zeroth order design. An iterative technique that uses measured time deviations to connect the next wave shape was developed. Two identical versions of the first iterated shape were fired. Arrival time deviations in these first iterates fell within 50 ns bonds. With greater care and further iterations, lenses bound by 10 ns deviations seem possible. An advanced and novel integration method is applied. It is shown that this technique bears significant advantage over prior methods and is meritorious.
Effect of Ca addition on the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of AZ61-Nd alloy
Authors: Zhang Zhechao , Hou Hua , Zhang Yuezhong , Sayed Mohamed E. El , Murshed Mohammad N. , Samir Ahmed , Wu Pengpeng , Gong Changwei , Yong Hui , Song Guangling , Fang Daqing , Srid Deepak , Algadi Hassan , Liu Baosheng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The effect of Ca elements on the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of extruded AZ61-1Nd-xCa (x=0, 0.5, 1, 2 wt.%) alloys were investigated. The Al-Nd phase and Al2Ca particles are dynamically precipitated in the extruded alloys. The volume fraction of Al2Ca precipitates increases with the increase of Ca content. Moreover, the addition of Ca can refine the grain size. The tensile strength of the studied alloys remains almost constant and their hardness increases with increasing the Ca content. Regretfully, the presence of Al-Nd phase and brittle Al2Ca phase in the Ca-alloyed AZ61-Nd decreases significantly the elongation. The corrosion resistance of AZ61-1Nd alloy is conspicuously improved by the addition of 1 wt.% Ca, which is due to the uniformly and dispersedly distributed Al2Ca phase acting as a physical barrier. In this work, AZ61-1Nd-1Ca alloy with moderate strength and low corrosion rate was obtained, which is considered as a candidate material for application in marine environment.
Frequency of Abo/rh Blood Groups Among Patients With Diabetes Mellitus in Luanda, Angola
Authors: Sacomboio Euclides Nenga Manuel , Pululo Sandra Alberto , Sebastião Cruz S. , Tchivango Adelino Tchilanda , Silveira Silvana da Rocha , Costa Mauricio da , Sousa Carlos Alberto Pinto , Ekundi-Valentim Eduardo , Cassinela Edson Kuatelela 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by alterations in glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism, which can be identified by detecting high blood glucose levels. In this study we evaluated the frequency of ABO/Rh blood groups in patients with diabetes treated in Luanda, during the second half of 2020.
Methods
This was an observational, analytical, prospective study with a quantitative approach conducted with 100 patients with diabetes.
Results
The mean age of patients was 48,4±14 years old. Patients males (63%) with a mean age of 47.9±14.5 years old, secondary educational level (33%), and living in urbanized areas from Luanda (33%), which were the most prevalent in this studied population. About 57% did not exercise before the disease and did not have the disease in the family (51%). About 71% of the patients used insulin to treat diabetes. ORh+ and ARh+ blood groups were the most frequent. The majority of the patients were less than 4 years with diabetes.
Conclusion
We concluded that the patients most affected by diabetes were the elderly, males, from urbanized areas, and with blood groups ORh+ or ARh+. Further studies assessing the relationship between ABO/Rh blood groups and diabetes among the Angolan population are needed.
Autophagy protein 5 controls flow-dependent endothelial functions
Authors: Nivoit Pierre , Mathivet Thomas , Wu Junxi , Salemkour Yann , Sankar Devanarayanan Siva , Baudrie Véronique , Bourreau Jennifer , Guihot Anne-Laure , Vessières Emilie , Lemitre Mathilde , Bocca Cinzia , Teillon Jérémie , Gall Morgane Le , Chipont Anna , Robidel Estelle , Dhaun Neeraj , Camerer Eric , Reynier Pascal , Roux Etienne , Couffinhal Thierry , Hadoke Patrick , Silvestre Jean-sébastien , Guillonneau Xavier , Bonnin Philippe , Henrion Daniel , Dengjel Jörn , Tharaux Pierre-Louis , Lenoir Olivia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Dysregulated autophagy is associated with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, where impaired flow-mediated endothelial cell responses promote cardiovascular risk. The mechanism by which the autophagy machinery regulates endothelial functions is complex. We applied multi-omics approaches and in vitro and in vivo functional assays to decipher the diverse roles of autophagy in endothelial cells. We demonstrate that autophagy regulates VEGF-dependent VEGFR signaling and VEGFR-mediated and flow-mediated eNOS activation. Endothelial ATG5 deficiency in vivo results in selective loss of flow-induced vasodilation in mesenteric arteries and kidneys, along with increased cerebral and renal vascular resistance. We found a crucial pathophysiological role for endothelial autophagy in flow-mediated outward arterial remodeling, prevention of neointima formation following wire injury, and recovery after myocardial infarction. Together, these findings unravel a fundamental role for autophagy in endothelial function, linking cell proteostasis to mechanosensing.
Wild mushroom consumption in the P’urhépecha Plateau at Michoacán, México; social, ethnomycological and nutritional issues
Authors: Torres-Gómez Mariano , Gómez-Peralta Marlene , Vázquez-Marrufo Gerardo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Among Mesoamerican cultures, P’urhépecha settlers inhabiting Michoacán State in Central Mexico preserves ancestral tradition on mushrooms eating. Most mycological knowledge available for this ethnical group have been addressed in the Pátzcuaro’s Lake zone, whereas P’urhépecha communities in other cultural and ecological relevant geographic areas remains unstudied. Thus, this work describes the ethnomycological knowledge of a scarcely analyzed Arantepacua P’urhépecha community at Michoacán Plateau region. Through structured interviews and field collections, data on the use, knowledge, biomass extraction and nomenclature of wild mushrooms were obtained. A list of P’urhépecha names to design 16 wild mushrooms species and 11 fruitbody components are documented. Studied community used Spanish popular names to describe 21 wild mushrooms species and 11 fruitbody structures. Most valuable consumed mushroom species for Arantepacua settlers belongs to the Amanita, Boletus, Hypomyces, and Ramaria genera. Gender roles on mushrooms collect and cooking, new terms in P’urhépecha dialect to refer the parts of a fruitbody and vegetative mycelium, as well as local recipes and nutritional relevance of the mushroom species consumed by studied community are addressed and discussed.
Dynamic Backtracking Regulates Lesion Bypass by RNAPII
Authors: Moore George , Han Zhong , Xu Jun , Oh Juntaek , Wang Dong , Svejstrup Jesper , Rueda David 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The eukaryotic genome is prone to a high amount of DNA damage from intrinsic and extrinsic sources, causing transcriptional stress, including pausing, backtracking and stalling. If not rectified in time, these damages can further lead to transcriptional arrest and genome instability. Here, we develop a single-molecule FRET based elongation complex which allows us to insert various types of DNA damage into the transcribed region and study the effect they have on the dynamics of RNAPII transcription. We show that different DNA lesions cause a heterogenous effect on RNAPII. In some instances, such as oxidative lesions, RNAPII exhibits a high level of dynamic behaviour often backtracking up to 10 nt. While other damages, such as cyclo-butane pyrimidine dimers and abasic sites, can cause more significant static stalling. Furthermore, the repair factor Rad26 binds to RNAPII and alters these dynamics by pushing RNAPII further over the damage site and preventing long-range backtracking events.
Analysis of m7G-Related Signatures in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Identification of Clinical Prognostic Regulators in breast cancer
Authors: Huang Qinghua , Mo Jianlan , Yang Huawei , Ji Yinan , Huang Rong , Liu Yan , Pan You 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that seriously threatens the life and health of women and exhibits high inter-individual heterogeneity, emphasizing the need for more in-depth research on its pathogenesis. It is well-established that internal 7-Methylguanosine (m7G) modifications affect RNA processing and function and are thought to be involved in human diseases. However, little is currently known about the role of m7G modification in breast cancer. In this study, we elucidated the expression, copy number variation incidence, and prognostic value of the 24 m7G-related genes (m7GRGs) in breast cancer. Subsequently, based on the expression of 24 m7GRGs, consensus clustering divided tumor samples from the TCGA-BRCA dataset into 4 subtypes with significantly different immune cell infiltration and stromal scores. Differentially expressed genes between subtypes were mainly enriched in immune-related pathways such as Ribosome, TNF signaling pathway, and Salmonella infection. Support vector machines and multivariate cox regression analysis were performed based on these 24 m7GRGs, and 4 m7GRGs (AGO2, EIF4E3, DPCS, and EIF4E) were identified for constructing the prediction model. Next, we constructed a nomogram model based on the risk model and clinical factors. The ROC curve indicated that the nomogram model had a strong ability to predict the prognosis of breast cancer. The prognosis of patients in the high- and low-TMB groups was significantly different (p = 0.03). Moreover, the 4-gene signature could predict response to chemotherapy. Therefore, this study found that the m7GRGs signature in the immune microenvironment of breast cancer affects the prognosis of breast cancer patients. Our study provides a reference for applying m7GRGs signature to the personalized treatment of breast cancer patients and exploring the mechanism of breast cancer progression.
Half-vortices, confinement transition and chiral Josephson effect in superconducting Weyl/Dirac semimetals
Authors: Faraei Zahra , Jafari S. Akbar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We show that half-quantum-vortices in Josephson arrays of Weyl superconductors can arise when spin-singlet scalar and pseudoscalar superconducting orders ∆s and ∆5 coexist. These two types of superconductivity form a representation of complex algebra ∆s + i∆5 which is realized through a Z2 ×U(1) symmetry breaking in the matter sector. The Z2 symmetry is associated with the chiral angle defining the polar angle of the complex number (∆s, ∆5). The fluctuations of the U(1) phase φ couple to the chiral angle χ lead to formation of the Half vortex state and its BKT transition. Moreover we discuss the confinement transition from half-vortex to full vortex configuration in such complex superconductors. We further show that the Josephson current I is always accompanied by a chiral Josephson current I5 which can be separated in some arrangements of Josephson arrays.