bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solution‐Based Integration of Vertically Stacked Organic Photodetectors Toward Easy‐To‐Fabricate Filterless Multi‐Color Light Sensors
Authors: Zhao Ting , Xia Kai , Natali Dario , Pecunia Vincenzo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSolution‐processed, color‐selective organic photodetectors are uniquely positioned to deliver high‐performance, low‐cost, multicolor light sensors/imagers beyond the limitations of conventional, color‐filter‐based technologies. To realize such potential, however, a prominent challenge has been the solution‐based, monolithic integration of vertically stacked organic photodetectors, which would enable multicolor sensing with optimum light collection while benefiting from the scalability, cost, and sustainability edges of solution‐based manufacturing. To tackle this challenge, this paper demonstrates, for the first time, the monolithic integration of vertically stacked solution‐processed organic photodetectors for independent, multicolor light sensing within the same pixel area. The solvent orthogonality challenge is tackled by selecting polymer‐based photoactive layers and an insulating polymeric spacer—for independent biasing and photocurrent readout—with compatible processing conditions. Based on the suitable characteristics of blue‐ and green‐sensitive standalone devices, the vertically stacked, monolithic device architecture is optimized by also incorporating semitransparent electrodes for photons to reach deep into the stack. The resultant device architecture enables efficient blue‐ and green‐selective photodetection with state‐of‐the‐art linearity, alongside speed of response adequate for real‐world applications. Based on its solution‐processability and modularity, this approach paves the way for the facile, solution‐based fabrication of organic imagers covering multiple spectral regions with high sensitivity and resolution.
Lewis Acid‐Assisted Transition Metal‐Free Aminocyanation of Alkynes with Arylamines and N‐Cyanosuccinimide
Authors: Kumar Gautam , Bhattacharya Debkanta , Chatterjee Indranil 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA transition‐metal‐free aminocyanation of aryl alkynes has been achieved using indium tribromide, InBr3 or B(C6F5)3 as a Lewis acid. This aminocyanation protocol features with non‐toxic cyanide source, a good substrate scope and potentially valuable aminocyanation products. Mechanistic studies reveal the complex formation between Lewis acid and alkyne to produce in situ alkyne nitrile as a key intermediate. Further hydroamination of alkyne nitrile with arylamines affords the E‐selective (E:Z=70:30 to 90:10) β‐aminoacrylonitrile derivatives.magnified image
Particle Hydrogels Decrease Cerebral Atrophy and Attenuate Astrocyte and Microglia/Macrophage Reactivity after Stroke
Authors: Sideris Elias , Kioulaphides Sophia , Wilson Katrina L , Yu Aaron , Chen Jun , Carmichael S. Thomas , Segura Tatiana 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIncreasing numbers of individuals live with stroke related disabilities. Following stroke, highly reactive astrocytes and pro‐inflammatory microglia can release cytokines and lead to a cytotoxic environment that causes further brain damage and prevents endogenous repair. Paradoxically, these same cells also activate pro‐repair mechanisms that contribute to endogenous repair and brain plasticity. Here, it is shown that the direct injection of a hyaluronic acid‐based microporous annealed particle (MAP) hydrogel into the stroke core in mice reduces the percent of highly reactive astrocytes, increases the percent of alternatively activated microglia, decreases cerebral atrophy, and preserves NF200 axonal bundles. Further, MAP hydrogel is shown to promote reparative astrocyte infiltration into the lesion, which directly coincides with axonal penetration into the lesion. This work shows that the injection of a porous scaffold into the stroke core can lead to clinically relevant decrease in cerebral atrophy and modulates astrocytes and microglia toward a pro‐repair phenotype.
Consumers' purchase intention of wild freshwater fish during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Chen Tinggui , Wang Hui 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe association between the COVID‐19 pandemic and the wildlife trade in the seafood market in Wuhan has raised public concern regarding wildlife consumption and public health safety. Considering several coronavirus transmission incidents related to aquatic products and the location of wild freshwater fish in aquatic consumption in China, the effects of COVID‐19 on the purchase intention of wild freshwater fish was investigated. Based on 1163 online questionnaires from eight provinces (including two province‐level municipalities) in the Yangtze River Basin, ordered logistic regression was carried out to analyze the influencing factors of purchase intention of wild freshwater fish during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The empirical results indicated that the COVID‐19 pandemic had changed consumers' perceived risk and purchase frequency of wild freshwater fish. External stimulus caused by the COVID‐19 pandemic had little influence on perceived risk and purchase intention. Consumer preference had a significant impact on perceived risk and purchase intention. Therefore, efforts should be put to strengthen the popularization of aquatic product knowledge, guide the public to develop scientific and civic eating habits, and improve the traceability system of aquatic products. [EconLit Citations: D12‐Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis, Q22‐Fishery; Aquaculture].
A computational fluid dynamics‐based method to investigate and optimize novel liquid distributor
Authors: Xue Jiaxing , Wu Qingpeng , Zhao Hongkang , Li Qunsheng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLiquid distributors have an important influence on packed towers' hydrodynamics and mass transfer performances. This work has designed a narrow‐trough liquid distributor with stepped baffle plates to regulate liquid flow. The liquid mainstream is diverted layer by stepped baffles to realize the uniform distribution of liquid. The relationship between liquid flow and the baffle plates arrangement is studied by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. Furthermore, we put forward a CFD‐based structural optimization scheme to arrange baffle plates in an arc shape, which leads to a uniform and stable flow of each distribution orifice in the range of liquid spray density of 5–120 m3·(m2·h)−1. The simulation results agree with experiments, which proved that the novel liquid distributor has excellent performance. Compared with the traditional trough liquid distributor, the novel liquid distributor can provide more liquid drip points, more gas‐phase channels, higher operating flexibility, and take up less space.
Investigation of heat transfer and pressure drop for a multiple‐started ribbed pipe using large‐eddy simulation
Authors: Kügele Simon , Renze Peter , Dietl Jochen , Grützner Thomas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTurbulent heat transport phenomena in multiple‐started helically ribbed pipes are investigated. Such structures are applied to enhance heat transfer in various technical systems. A large‐eddy simulation (LES) approach is used to model the turbulent flow field. The simulation results for heat transfer and pressure loss are in good agreement with available experimental data and the simulation model is successfully validated for complex surface geometries. For a better understanding of the impact of the wall structures on the turbulent transport processes, local profiles of the relevant flow variables values are investigated. Thus, the specific mechanism of the heat transfer enhancement can be explained and a knowledge‐based optimization of innovative structures is possible.
Germination niche breadth of invasive Iris pseudacorus (L.) suggests continued recruitment from seeds with global warming
Authors: Gillard Morgane B. , Castillo Jesús M. , Mesgaran Mohsen B. , Futrell Caryn J. , Grewell Brenda J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPremiseUnderstanding recruitment processes of invasive species is central to conservation and management strategies. Iris pseudacorus, an emergent macrophyte, has established invasive populations across a broad global range, and reduces biodiversity in wetland ecosystems. Climate change is altering germination cues, yet studies on the invasion of wetland macrophytes often ignore germination ecology despite its importance to their establishment and spread.MethodsWe explored germination of seeds from invasive I. pseudacorus populations in California in response to seed coat presence or absence, and several environmental factors. Using experimental results in a thermal time model, we derived germination temperature thresholds.ResultsGermination of I. pseudacorus seeds did not require cold or warm stratification, and was not affected by seed coat presence or absence. Germination occurred in the dark, although germinability was two‐ to threefold times greater under light. At constant temperature, thermal time model estimates included 18.3 ± 1.8°C base germination temperature ); 28.2 ± 0.5°C optimal temperature ); and 41.0 ± 1.7°C ceiling temperature ). Seeds exposed to 36.0°C achieved over 10% germination, and embryos of ungerminated seeds presented 76% viability. Overall, germinability remained relatively low at constant temperatures (≤25%) but was close to 90% under alternating daily temperatures.ConclusionsExposure to diurnally fluctuating temperatures is essential for this species to achieve high germination rates. Our study reveals that I. pseudacorus has a broad germination niche supporting its establishment in a relatively wide range of environments, including at high temperatures more frequent with climate change.
Exome sequencing identifies genetic variants in anophthalmia and microphthalmia
Authors: Li Jingjing , Yang Wei , Wang Yuejun Jessie , Ma Chen , Curry Cynthia J. , McGoldrick Daniel , Nickerson Deborah A. , Chong Jessica X. , Blue Elizabeth E. , Mullikin James C. , Reefhuis Jennita , Nembhard Wendy N. , Romitti Paul A. , Werler Martha M. , Browne Marilyn L. , Olshan Andrew F. , Finnell Richard H. , Feldkamp Marcia L. , Pangilinan Faith , Almli Lynn M. , Bamshad Mike J. , Brody Lawrence C. , Jenkins Mary M. , Shaw Gary M. ,   NISC Comparative Sequencing Program,   University of Washington Center for Mendelian Genomics,   the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: June 2022

AbstractAnophthalmia and microphthalmia (A/M) are rare birth defects affecting up to 2 per 10,000 live births. These conditions are manifested by the absence of an eye or reduced eye volumes within the orbit leading to vision loss. Although clinical case series suggest a strong genetic component in A/M, few systematic investigations have been conducted on potential genetic contributions owing to low population prevalence. To overcome this challenge, we utilized DNA samples and data collected as part of the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS). The NBDPS employed multi‐center ascertainment of infants affected by A/M. We performed exome sequencing on 67 family trios and identified numerous genes affected by rare deleterious nonsense and missense variants in this cohort, including de novo variants. We identified 9 nonsense changes and 86 missense variants that are absent from the reference human population (Genome Aggregation Database), and we suggest that these are high priority candidate genes for A/M. We also performed literature curation, single cell transcriptome comparisons, and molecular pathway analysis on the candidate genes and performed protein structure modeling to determine the potential pathogenic variant consequences on PAX6 in this disease.
Global incidence of young‐onset dementia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Hendriks Stevie , Peetoom Kirsten , Bakker Christian , Koopmans Raymond , van der Flier Wiesje , Papma Janne , Verhey Frans ,   Young‐Onset Dementia Epidemiology Study Group, de Vugt Marjolein , Köhler Sebastian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionReliable data on the incidence rates for young‐onset dementia (YOD) are lacking, but are necessary for research on disease etiology and to raise awareness among health care professionals.MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis on population‐based studies on the incidence of YOD, published between January 1, 1990 and February 1, 2022, according to Meta‐analyses of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines. Data were analyzed using random‐effects meta‐analyses. Results were age‐standardized, and heterogeneity was assessed by subgroup analyses and meta‐regression.ResultsSixty‐one articles were included. Global age‐standardized incidence rates increased from 0.17/100,000 in age 30 to 34 years, to 5.14/100,000 in age 60 to 64 years, giving a global total age‐standardized incidence rate of 11 per 100,000 in age 30 to 64. This corresponds to 370,000 new YOD cases annually worldwide. Heterogeneity was high and meta‐regression showed geographic location significantly influenced this heterogeneity.DiscussionThis meta‐analysis shows the current best estimate of YOD incidence. New prospective cohort studies are needed.
Description of a European memory clinic cohort undergoing amyloid‐PET: The AMYPAD Diagnostic and Patient Management Study
Authors: Altomare Daniele , Collij Lyduine , Caprioglio Camilla , Scheltens Philip , van Berckel Bart N.M. , Alves Isadora Lopes , Berkhof Johannes , de Gier Yvonne , Garibotto Valentina , Moro Christian , Poitrine Léa , Delrieu Julien , Payoux Pierre , Saint‐Aubert Laure , Molinuevo José Luis , Grau‐Rivera Oriol , Gispert Juan‐Domingo , Minguillón Carolina , Fauria Karine , Sanchez Marta Felez , Rădoi Andreea , Drzezga Alexander , Jessen Frank , Escher Claus , Zeyen Philip , Nordberg Agneta , Savitcheva Irina , Jelic Vesna , Walker Zuzana , Lee Ho‐Yun , Lee Lean , Demonet Jean‐François , Plaza Wuthrich Sonia , Gismondi Rossella , Farrar Gill , Barkhof Frederik , Stephens Andrew W. , Frisoni Giovanni B. ,   the AMYPAD Consortium
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionAMYPAD Diagnostic and Patient Management Study (DPMS) aims to investigate the clinical utility and cost‐effectiveness of amyloid‐PET in Europe. Here we present participants’ baseline features and discuss the representativeness of the cohort.MethodsParticipants with subjective cognitive decline plus (SCD+), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or dementia were recruited in eight European memory clinics from April 16, 2018, to October 30, 2020, and randomized into three arms: ARM1, early amyloid‐PET; ARM2, late amyloid‐PET; and ARM3, free‐choice.ResultsA total of 840 participants (244 SCD+, 341 MCI, and 255 dementia) were enrolled. Sociodemographic/clinical features did not differ significantly among recruiting memory clinics or with previously reported cohorts. The randomization assigned 35% of participants to ARM1, 32% to ARM2, and 33% to ARM3; cognitive stages were distributed equally across the arms.DiscussionThe features of AMYPAD‐DPMS participants are as expected for a memory clinic population. This ensures the generalizability of future study results.
Trajectories of cognitive decline and dementia development: A 12‐year longitudinal study
Authors: Payton Nicola M. , Marseglia Anna , Grande Giulia , Fratiglioni Laura , Kivipelto Miia , Bäckman Lars , Laukka Erika J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionMapping the preclinical dementia phase is important for early detection and evaluation of interventions. We assessed the trajectories of cognitive decline in preclinical dementia over 12 years and investigated whether being a fast decliner across 6 years is associated with increased risk of dementia the following 6 years.MethodsRates of cognitive decline were determined using mixed‐effects models for 1646 participants from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC‐K) cohort. Cox regression was used to assess the future likelihood of dementia for fast decliners (declining ≥1.5 standard deviations [SDs] faster than the age‐specific rates).ResultsParticipants in a preclinical phase of dementia showed increased rates of decline in all cognitive tests compared to the no‐dementia group, particularly closer (0‐6 years) to diagnosis. Participants declining fast in three or more cognitive tests 12‐6 years before diagnosis demonstrated a high risk of dementia 6 years later (hazard ratio [HR] 3.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.28–6.69).DiscussionBeing a fast decliner is linked to increased risk of future dementia.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Chemo‐, Regio‐ and Enantioselective Hydroformylation of Cyclopropyl‐Functionalized Trisubstituted Alkenes
Authors: Li Shuailong , Zhang Dequan , Zhang Runtong , Bai Shao‐Tao , Zhang Xumu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe first rhodium‐catalyzed highly chemo‐, regio‐ and enantioselective hydroformylation of cyclopropyl‐functionalized trisubstituted alkenes affording useful chiral cyclopropyl entities is reported. Compared to generally used diphosphine ligands for asymmetric catalysis, the modified hybrid phosphorus ligand, named (R,S)‐DTBM‐Yanphos, can convert a series of readily available cyclopropyl‐functionalized trisubstituted alkenes into high‐value chiral cyclopropyl‐functionalized aldehydes with high selectivities (81–98 % ee). Gram‐scale reactions (TON up to 1500) and follow‐up transformations to the corresponding alcohol, acid, esters and nitrile are also presented. Finally, a possible hydroformylation mechanism involving ring‐open‐hydroformylation pathways is proposed based on control and deuteroformylation reactions.
Improved Polarization in the Sr6Cd2Sb6O7Se10 Oxyselenide through Design of Lateral Sublattices for Efficient Photoelectric Conversion
Authors: Wang Ruiqi , Wang Fakun , Zhang Xian , Feng Xin , Zhao Chendong , Bu Kejun , Zhang Zhuang , Zhai Tianyou , Huang Fuqiang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHighly‐polarizable materials are favorable for photoelectric conversion due to their efficient charge separation, while precise design of them is still a big challenge. Herein a novel polar oxyselenide, Sr6Cd2Sb6O7Se10, is rationally designed. It contains lateral sublattices of polarizable [Sb2OSe4]4− chains and highly‐orientated [CdSe3]4− chains. The intense polarization was evaluated by significant second‐harmonic generation (SHG) signal (maximum: 12.6×AgGaS2) in broad spectrum range. The polarization was found to mainly improve the carrier separation with a much longer recombination lifetime (76.5 μs) than that of the nonpolar compound Sr2Sb2O2Se3 (18.0 μs), resulting in better photoelectric performance. The single‐crystal photoelectric device exhibited excellent response covering broad spectrum in 500–1000 nm with stable reproducibility. This work provides some new insights into the structure design of highly‐polarizable heteroanionic materials for photoelectric conversion.
Graphdiyne Nanospheres as a Wettability and Electron Modifier for Enhanced Hydrogenation Catalysis
Authors: Yu Jia , Chen Weiming , Li Kaixuan , Zhang Chunhui , Li Mingzhu , He Feng , Jiang Lei , Li Yuliang , Song Weiguo , Cao Changyan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOwing to unique alkyne‐rich structure, graphdiyne (GDY) has been proven to be a superb support for anchoring metal catalysts. Herein we demonstrate a new role of GDY as the wettability modifier for enhanced hydrogenation catalysis. After loading a certain amount GDY nanospheres, the silica mesoporous channels become superaerophilic, which allows gaseous H2to be directly stored inside, thus significantly increasing the H2concentration around the palladium nanoparticles (NPs). At the same time, GDY nanospheres also alter the electronic structure of the Pd NPs via a strong d‐π interaction. Combining these two roles of GDY, allows the hydrogenation of benzaldehyde to proceed under ambient H2pressure in water, with an impressive 4.3‐fold enhancement compared to the unmodified Pd/mSiO2catalyst. This study demonstrates a new role of GDY in constructing wettability matched catalysts for gas‐liquid‐solid tri‐phase reactions.
The Close Interaction of a C−F Bond with an Amide Carbonyl: Crystallographic and Spectroscopic Characterization
Authors: Harry Stefan Andrew , Kazim Muhammad , Nguyen Phuong Minh , Zhu Andrea , Xiang Michael Richard , Catazaro Jonathan , Siegler Maxime , Lectka Thomas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe putative interaction of a C−F bond with an amide carbonyl has been an intriguing topic of interest in this century for reasons spanning basic physical organic chemistry to biochemistry. However, to date, there exist no examples of a close, well‐defined interaction in which its unique aspects can be identified and exploited. Herein, we finally present an engineered system possessing an exceptionally tight C−F‐amide interaction, allowing us to obtain spectroscopic, crystallographic, and kinetic details of a distinctive, biochemically relevant chemical system for the first time. In turn, we also explore Lewis acid coordination, C−F bond promotion of amide isomerization, enantiomerization, and ion protonation processes.
Tracheobronchomalacia causing end expiratory grunt post‐intubation
Authors: Bhagvandas J. , Henry J. 
Published: June 2022

SummaryTracheobronchomalacia is a rare, often asymptomatic, progressive disease characterised by a complete or near‐complete collapse of the airway during expiration. Only a few cases have been reported as being diagnosed intra‐operatively. Here, we report a case of tracheobronchomalacia diagnosed under general anaesthesia in a 52‐year‐old man undergoing elective excision of basal and squamous cell carcinomas of the scalp, face and arm. A persistent, loud, end expiratory grunt was noted immediately after inflation of the tracheal tube cuff. Oxygenation, ventilation and capnography remained within normal ranges. Flexible bronchoscopy revealed a patent tracheal tube with complete distal collapse of the trachea on expiration to the level of the carina. Increased positive end expiratory pressure was applied and the tracheal tube advanced to splint the trachea open. The grunting sound resolved and surgery proceeded uneventfully. Postoperatively, computerised tomography imaging confirmed the diagnosis. An audible end expiratory grunt immediately post‐intubation is unusual and warrants further investigation. Flexible bronchoscopy can be utilised to visualise the dynamic airway collapse that occurs in tracheobronchomalacia.
Peri‐operative management of a child with ROHHAD‐NET syndrome undergoing neural crest tumour excision
Authors: Puri S. , Yaddanapudi S. , Menon P. 
Published: June 2022

SummaryA nine‐year‐old girl diagnosed with ROHHAD‐NET (rapid‐onset obesity, hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation, autonomic dysfunction and neuroendocrine tumour) syndrome was scheduled for excision of a large paravertebral ganglioneuroma under general anaesthesia. Her comorbidities included hypothyroidism, diabetes insipidus and autonomic dysfunction. Intra‐ and postoperative complications included intra‐operative hypotension, long surgical time and prolonged postoperative ventilation. Complete weaning from ventilation was initially unsuccessful and she was ultimately discharged on domiciliary nasal BiPAP therapy. The peri‐operative care of children with this syndrome is challenging due to the involvement of multiple organ systems. In this report, we describe how pre‐operative optimisation, well‐planned intra‐operative management and intensive postoperative care are essential for a favourable outcome.