bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Soil Insecticides on Cantaloupe Yield, 1981:
Authors: York Alan C. , Reed Gary L. , Kinney K. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Granular insecticides were applied preplant with a Gandy Ro-Bander and incorporated to a depth of 2-4 in just prior to transplanting. Cantaloupe (2 true leaves) were transplanted on Jun 1 and Vydate applied as a spray directed to the base of the plants just after transplanting. Foliar applications of Sevin at 1 lb ai per acre were applied to all but the Furadan and Temik treatments at approximately weekly intervals beginning Jun 4. Treatments were 1 row 52 ft long with 10-ft alleyways arranged in a randomized complete block with 4 replicates. Soil type was silty-clay loam, pH 6.8, O.M. 2.9%. On Jun 4 and Jun 24 approximately 250 striped cucumber beetle eggs per plant were placed in the soil alongside the plant stem. Plants were evaluated for runner length, early yield and total yield.
Effects of Soil Insecticides on Cantaloupe Yield, 1982:
Authors: York Alan C. , Reed Gary L. , Kinney K. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Plots were located at Vincennes, Indiana on the Purdue Southwest Agricultural Center. Granular insecticides were placed in a 10-12-in band with a Gandy Ro-Bander and incorporated 2-3 in with a rototiller on May 4. Soil type was a fine sandy loam, pH 5.7, O.M. &lt; 2%. Black plastic mulch was placed over insecticides and plants transplanted on May 14. Rows were 50 ft long on 10-ft centers, plants on 30-in centers in rows. Treatments were arranged in a completely randomized block design with 4 replicates. Temik and Furadan received no foliar insecticides, however all other treatments received Pydrin (0.1 lb ai/acre) as a foliar spray on a 10-14-day schedule. On May 15, 500 striped cucumber eggs were placed in the soil alongside each plant stem, and on May 30, an additional 250 eggs were so placed. Total runner length was measured for 6 plants per treatment on Jun 8.
Leafminer Suppression at Planting, 1982
Authors: Trumble J . T. , Parrella M. P. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Four replicates of 4 'Bud Special' plants per treatment were planted in UC soil mix in 4 inch pots. Granular and liquid pesticides were incorporated directly beneath the plugs at 2.0 lb ai/acre at the time of planting. The liquid was diluted 10X prior to application to add volume, but the rate remained the same. Each pot containing 4 plants was exposed to 5 female and 2 male adult L. trifol ii for 4 h at 1 or 7 days following planting. Adult flies were then removed and the plants were maintained in the greenhouse. After 1 wk, the mean number of mines and live larvae per plant were recorded.
Sweetcorn, Corn Earworm Control, 1982:
Authors: All J. N. , Dix D. E. , Javid A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
'Funks G80' was planted May 3 at the University of Georgia Experiment Station, Oconee Co. The soil type was Appling coarse sandy loam. A randomized complete block experimental design was used with 2 row plots × 20-ft long × 38-inch row width × 2-ft alleys. There were 5 replicates. Plants were treated with a full cone spray using an air pressure sprayer at 30 psi in a final volume of 50 gal/acre directed on the plant ears. Plots were sprayed 8 times; on Jun 18, 21, 23, 25, 28, 30, Jul 2 and 5. All ears in the center 18 ft of row were examined on Jul 7 for the presence of earworm larvae or damage.
Control of San Jose Scale on Peach, 1982
Authors: Brunner  , Smith L. O. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
An unsprayed peach orchard located at the Smith Tract plots near Orondo was used in this test. Trees were 17 years of age and the block was a mix of varieties. Single trees were selected for each treatment due to the sparse and uneven distribution of scale in the orchard. Two limbs were tagged per tree and 2 twigs removed from each limb. Counts of live and dead scale, 100 total per twig, were made in the laboratory using a binocular microscope. Posttreatment twigs were taken from the same limbs as tagged earlier and scale counted in the same manner. Treatments were applied, with a handgun at 400-500 psi to the point of drip (approximately 400 gal per acre) on Apr 5.
Foliar Sprays to Control Lepidopteran Larvae on Late Planted Sweet Corn, 1982
Authors: Ghidiu Gerald M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Silver Treat’ sweet corn was planted Jul 14 to a Sassafras sandy loam field. Plots were 4 rows wide on 30 inch centers and 25-ft long. Whorl sprays were applied with a self-propelled, high-clearance sprayer with 1 nozzle over the row calibrated to deliver 45 gal/acre at 200 psi; foliar sprays at silking were applied with a self-propelled, high-clearance sprayer with 4 nozzles/row, directed at the ear zone, which delivered 106 gal/acre at 160 psi. Whorl treatments were applied Aug 11, 17. Foliar sprays at silking were applied Sep 9, 18 and 24. Twenty plants from the middle 2 rows were evaluated on Aug 26 for armyworm damage. The categories for armyworm foliar feeding damage are as follows: (0) no damage; (1) slight damage; (2) 10% damage; (3) moderate damage, 25% of whorl destroyed; (4) heavy damage, 50% of whorl destroyed; and (5) severe damage, whorls destroyed or skeletonized. At harvest (Sep 28) 20 stalks from the middle 2 rows of each plot were evaluated for ‘worm’ damage as “none” (clean), “tip” (less than 1.5 inch tip damage) and “side”. On Oct 25, 20 stalks from the middle 2 rows of each plot were split from tassel to soil surface; each inch of European corn borer damage was recorded as 1 cavity. Plots were irrigated when moisture was below normal.
Foliar Sprays to Control Corn Earworms, Fall Armyworms and European Corn Borers in No-Till Sweet Corn, 1982
Authors: Linduska James J. , Dively Galen P. , Harrison Floyd P. , Hellman John L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘NK-199’ sweet corn was planted in 4-row plots 60 ft in length on Jun. Overwintered rye 6-8 inches tall was killed by treating with 1.0 qt Paraquat + 1.25 qt Lasso on May 13. On Jun 5 Round-Up (1.5 qt) + Atrazine (1.4 qt) + Lasso (1.25 qt) was applied to the rye cover crop. Distance between rows was 3 ft. Distance between plants within the row was 8 inches. Treatment plots were replicated 4 times and arranged in a randomized complete block design. Silk sprays were applied with an International Harvester 770 Hi-clear sprayer. The spray boom was adjusted to spray the silk area with each row being covered by 4 nozzles. The sprayer was equipped to treat 4 rows. All treatments were mixed in 20 gal of water and applied at the rate of 25 gal/acre with 50 psi. Spray treatments were applied at 50% s i l k (Jul 28) and 5 days later (Aug 2 ). Plots were harvested Aug 16 and evaluated as to insect species causing injury. One-hundred ears/treatment/replication were harvested and graded. Only the center 2 rows of each plot were harvested. The soil type was a Galestown sandy loam.
Whorl Treatments for Control of European Corn Borer and Fall Armyworm in Sweet Corn, 1982
Authors: Sherrod D. W. , Francis J. A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘NK 199’ was planted in single row plots 25 f t long on Jun 3. Treatments were replicated 4 times and arranged in a randomized complete block design. Foliar sprays were applied to the whorl using a propane compressed air backpack sprayer with 1 hollow cone nozzle/row delivering 25 gal water/acre at 40 psi. Granular insecticides were applied with hand-held shakers over the top of the plants. Applications were made on Jul 7 and 12. The corn was approximately 3 ft tall at the time of 1st application. Evaluations were made on Jul 23 by counting the number of damaged whorls per 10 plants in the middle of each plot. The larval population was approximately 60% European corn borer and 40% fall armyworm.
Corn Earworm and Fall Armyworm Control on Sweet Corn, 1981
Authors: Sorensen Kenneth A. , Johnson Eric M. , Schillaci Paul A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Silver Queen’ and ‘Apache’ were planted Jul 22 in single row plots 10 ft long on 42-inch centers with 7-ft alleys between replications near Benson NC. Plots were arranged in a randomized complete block design replicated 4 times. Initial treatments were directed to the whorl on Aug 7, with 4 subsequent treatments on Aug 12, 17, 23 and 28. Treatments were directed to the ear zone for 8 applications on Sep 1, 11, 15, 17, 21, 25, 27 and 29. All applications were applied at the rate equivalent to 100 gal/acre using a 2.5 gal CO2pressurized hand sprayer equipped with a single hollow cone nozzle operated at 40 psi. All mature ears were harvested and dii/ided into 3 damage classes. Corn earworm pressure was moderate while fall armyworm pressure was extremely heavy.
Field Test of Piperonyl But0Xide as a Pyrethr0Id Synergist on Eggplant, 1982
Authors: Silcox Charles A. , Ghidiu Gerald M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Harris 468’ eggplants were transplanted to a Sassafras sandy-loam field May 19. Single row plots were 8 ft long and 5 ft wide. A guard row buffered each treated row. Treatments were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Sprays were applied with a self-propelled, high-clearance sprayer, with 1 drop nozzle on each side of the row and 1 centered over the row, calibrated to deliver 68 gal/acre at 200 psi. Plots were treated Jun 3, 11, 18; Jul 2, 28; Aug 13. Parameters examined included percent defoliation (based on a rating scale of 0 to 10), CPB larval counts and total yield.
Colorado Potato Beetle Control, 1982
Authors: Ferro D. N. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Katahdin’ potatoes were planted on May 5 in Sunderland, Massachusetts. The soil type was a fine sandy loam with a pH of ca 5.5. Dinoseb was applied at 2 lb ai/acre prior to plant emergence. These trials were designed to examine the immediate effects of piperonyl butoxide (synergist) plus several insecticides. There were 2 separate trials; each trial was conducted in different parts of the field. There were 3 replicates per treatment average in a randomized complete block design. Each plot was 30 ft long by 2 rows. All applications were made with a 3 gal stainless steel CO2backpack sprayer, at 50 psi and 65 gal/acre. Trial I consisted of a single application of Pydrin, several combinations or Pydrin + piperonyl butoxide, Ammo and 2 combinations of Ammo + piperonyl butoxide applied Jul 14. No previous insecticide applications had been made to this field. The number of larvae per 10 stalks was determined for each plot.
Peach, Insecticide Tests, 1982
Authors: Pfeiffer Douglas G. , Ponton Leo F. , Darrell Eldridge M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Sevin and Sevin plus an extending agent were applied to peach trees in Fairfield, Va. Ten adjacent trees were sprayed in each treatment. Nine untreated trees served as the control. Applications were made with a truck-mounted Swanson sprayer with handgun attachment. Trees were sprayed on Jul 19. Trees were monitored to detect reappearance of beetles in foliage. Beetles were counted over a 3 min. period per tree on Aug 3. On Sep 7, foliar damage was rated on a scale of 0-10, where 0=no defoliation and 10=total defoliation. No significant differences were seen in JB densities or in foliar damage. Treatments were applied after the peak of adult JB activity.
Irish Potato, Control of Potato Infesting Aphids, 1982
Authors: Sewell Gary H. , Storch R.H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Experiments A and B were randomized complete block designs with 6 replicates each and were conducted at Presque Isle, ME on land that was in clover in 1981. The planting date was May 18. In each experiment the 2.0 m space between blocks and the 1.4 m space between columns and at the sides and ends of the experiments were sown to oats after planting. Each plot consisted of 4 rows of potatoes 0.9 m apart and 15.0 m long. The healthy seed pieces ca 75 g each were hand planted 30 cm apart. Fertilization and hilling practices were normal for the area. Late blight control was effected by 2 foliar applications of Ridomil (2EC) 396 g/ha wk of Aug 6 and 19) and 3 applications of M45 (1781 g/ha wk of Jul 30 and Aug 6, 2242 g/ha Aug 19). Soil applications of insecticides were made by hand with a plastic tube applying previously weighed amounts of insecticide into the furrow or fertilizer band just prior to planting or as a sidedressing after emergence. Foliar insecticide applications were made with a Century boom sprayer, 3 nozzles per row at 7.0 kg/cm2 pressure and 1.2 kl/ha. Numbers of aphids (by species) were counted on top, middle, and bottom leaves of 25 plants in the 2 middle rows of each plot. When dates of count and application are the same, aphid counts were made prior to applications of the insecticide. Analyses of variance were calculated following transformation of the raw data using log 10 (x + 1). Means of the total number of wingless aphids were compared using DMRT and then reconverted. The soil was classified as Caribou Loam, pH 5.2. Total monthly rainfall for Jun, Jul and Aug was respectively 8.79, 6.07 and 10.36 cm. The average temperature for each of the same 3 mo was 15.6, 18.9 and 15.6°C.
Colorado Potato Beetle, Potato Aphid, and Green Peach Aphid Control, 1982
Authors: Voss Robert H. , Lottero William , Ferro David N. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Superior’ potatoes were planted on May 15 in Sunderland, MA. The soil type was a fine sandy loam with a pH of ca 5.5. Dinoseb was applied at 2 lb ai/acre prior to plant emergence. Treatment blocks were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Each block consisted of two 30-ft rows, with a 3-ft fallow area between each plot. Treatments were applied with a 3-gal stainless steel backpack sprayer and a CO2pressurized sprayer at ca 50 psi with a delivery rate of 65 gal/acre. Spray applications were made on Jul 6, 15, and 27, and Aug 3. Since, with few exceptions, all treatments were shown to be significantly different from the control, or, in the latter counts, the control plots were 100% defoliated, the Duncan’s test was applied to the insecticide treatments alone (without the control) to give a better indication of the relative effectiveness of the various insecticides.
Colorado Potato Beetle Control on Tomatoes, 1982
Authors: Ghidiu Gerald M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Campbell 28’ tomatoes were transplanted to a Sassafras sandy loam field on May 5. Single row plots were 25-ft long and 5-ft wide. A guard row buffered each treated row. Treatments were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Foliar sprays were applied with a self-propelled, high-clearance sprayer with a drop nozzle on each side of the row and one over the center calibrated to deliver 68 gal/acre at 200 psi. Plots were treated Jun 8, 18; Jul 5; Aug 2, 26 and Sep 9. Colorado potato beetles were counted on Jun 23 and 50 tomatoes from each plot were evaluated for beetle damage on Aug 20. Plots were irrigated when moisture was below normal.
Insect Control on Tomatoes in Southwest Florida, Spring 1982
Authors: Schuster David J. , Everett Paul H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Transplants were set Mar 4, 18 inches apart on 3-ft-wide by 6-inch-high beds of Immokalee fine sand covered with black polyethylene mulch. Plots consisted of 10 plants and were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Treatments were applied Apr 8, 16, 29, May 6 and 13 with a 2.5 gal hand-held CO2powered sprayer which was operated at 40 psi and delivered 95-125 gal/acre (gallonage increased as the plants grew). On May 20, 30 leaflets containing occupied leafmines (those containing either living, dead or parasitized larvae) were collected from each plot and placed in 1 qt ice cream cartons. The numbers of leafminer larvae that pupated were counted at least 4 wk later. The numbers of undamaged fruit and those damaged by lepidopterous larvae were counted in a single harvest on May 20. After harvest, 5 plants/plot were cut and shaken and the numbers of larvae of the southern armyworm, tomato pinworm, cabbage looper, granulate cutworm, and tomato fruitworm dislodged were counted.
Alfalfa Insect Control Studies, 1982
Authors: Harold Arnett W. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A 7-year-old stand of alfalfa located at the Main Station Field Laboratory, Reno, Nevada was used for this study. Treatments were applied at near full bud stage when alfalfa ws 20 to 30 in tall with 20-25% of the plants showing alfalfa weevil feeding. Plots were 25 x 50 ft arranged in a complete block design with 3 replicates. Sprays were applied with a CO2activated plot sprayer calibrated to deliver 25 gpa at 30 psi. Treatments were made on Jun 1. Pretreatment samples were taken on Jun 1 and post-treatment samples were taken on Jun 4, 8, 15 consisting of 10 sweeps of a standard net from each replicate.
Alfalfa, Second Cutting Potato Leafhopper Control, Missouri, 1982
Authors: Brandenburg R.L. , Kirfman G.W. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The test was conducted on Jun 16 at Salem, Mo on a 2-year-old stand of Pioneer 524 alfalfa. The alfalfa was ca 10 in tall. Plots were 60 x 60 ft and arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. The treatments were applied with a 20 ft spray boom, 80015 flat fan nozzles, and 50 mesh filter screens. The sprays were applied at 15 gpa and 40 psi. Temperature at treatment was 75°F. Rainfall of 0.73 in fell during the week following treatment. Evaluations were conducted at 24 h. 7 day and 14 day post treatment by taking 20 (180 degree) sweeps with a 15 in sweep net. The data were transformed by x+0.5. The means in the tables are of actual counts.
Olfactometer Tests of Insecticides for Repellency to Honey Bees, 1982
Authors: Danka Robert G. , Collison Clarence H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In the laboratory, premeasured amounts of insecticides diluted to various concentrations were sprayed uniformly onto 25 cm sq filter-paper sheets. After air drying,the sheets were cut into 5 cm sq pieces, and one piece was loosely rolled and slipped into an 8 cm length of 15 mm 10 glass tubing. An identical tube was loaded with a paper which had been sprayed with dilutant only. The tubes were attached to 2 branches of a 9 mm ID glass Y-tube. Air lines connected to the opposite ends of the 8 cm residue-holding tubes provided airflow (5.0 ml/min) across the residue papers and down the Y-tube branches. Worker honey bees from a laboratory-held colony were introduced into the stem of the Y-tube, allowed to walk to the branch junction and make a directional choice, and travel up the chosen branch 7 cm before being removed and retested. The treated branch was alternately placed to the right and left for successive tests. After 5 such runs, the olfactometer parts were cleaned, new filter papers inserted, and a new bee tested. Five bees were tested per spray batch, and 4 spray batches (with 20 bees making 100 runs) completed each chemical dosage trial.
Apple, Miticide Evaluations, 1982
Authors: Horsburgh R. L. , Cobb L. J. , David P. J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Treatments were applied on Apr 23 (pink) and May 12 (petal-fall) to 7-year-old York trees. Single tree plots were arranged in a randomized block design and replicated 4 times. Trees were sprayed to run-off using handguns operating at 400 psi. Mites were counted throughout the season by randomly selecting 10 leaves from each tree and counting motile mites with the aid of a hand lens. JS, punctum adults and larvae were counted on Jul 20 in a 3 min search of each tree.
Alfalfa Insect Control in Oklahoma, 1982
Authors: Mussett Kevin , Berberet Richard , Sander Douglas 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This test was conducted on a field of Oklahoma common alfalfa at Stillwater, OK. Treatments were applied Mar 16 and 30. Plots were 3 x 10 m and arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replicates. Treatments were applied by a tractor-drawn boom sprayer calibrated to deliver 20 gpa. Population densities of alfalfa weevil larvae were determined 3, 7, and 14 days after first treatment and 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after second treatment. For these population estimates, 25 stems/plots were pulled on each date and larvae were extracted with Berlese funnels. Numbers of aphids were determined from stem samples following the second insecticide application. The total numbers/plot of each species were divided by the number of stems sampled (25) to give population estimates. Plant damage ratings were assigned to all plots when the test was terminated.
Alfalfa, Alfalfa Weevil Larva Control, 1980
Authors: Roberts James E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A test was conducted May 2 through May 15 in Roanoke Co, VA, with Larvin 500 to measure the control of alfalfa weevil larva in alfalfa. Furadan 4F was used as a comparison. Applications were made on 200 sq ft plots replicated 4 times using a randomized design. The post-treatment counts were averaged from the 4 replicates. The Larvin 500 was applied at 0.225 lb ai/acre and 0.45 lb ai/acre. The Furadan 4F (4 lb/gal) was applied at 0.5 lb ai/acre. Samples consisted of 25 alfalfa stems collected in a zig-zag pattern across each plot. Larvae were extracted by beating bundles of these stems against the inside of a 5-gal bucket.
Alfalfa Seed, Insect Control, 1982
Authors: Arnett W. Harold 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This test was conducted on a commercial field of seed alfalfa at Lovelock, NV. Spray treatments were applied with a large field boom sprayer to 3 acre blocks with a 3 acre block left untreated. Applications were made on the evening of Jul 27 following cessation of pollinator activity. Each material and rate was applied in a total volume of 19 gpa at 30 psi. Each of the treated and untreated blocks were divided into 4 equal parts with post-treatment samples consisting of 10 sweeps from each of these being taken on Jul 30, Aug 3, 10 and 17.
Field Corn, Lesser Cornstalk Borer Control, 1982
Authors: Javid A. , All J.N. , Rogers B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Dekalb XL394 planted Jul 2, University of Georgia Experiment Station, Oconee Co. Soil type was Cecil sandy loam, randomized complete block experimental design with 2 row plots x 20-ft long x 38 in row width x 2-ft alleys, 5 replicates. Granular formulations of insecticides were applied at planting time in a 7-in band over the seed furrow and incorporated ca 0.25 in in the soil. Sprayable formulations were applied 7 days after planting in a full cone spray over the row, at 30 psi in a final volume of 25 gal/acre. All plants were examined on Aug 3 for lesser cornstalk borer damage.