bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interactive Inpatient Asthma Education: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Samady Waheeda , Rodriguez Victoria A. , Gupta Ruchi , Palac Hannah , Pongracic Jacqueline A. , Press Valerie G. 
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Inpatient asthma education interventions provide benefit compared with usual care, but evaluation of the most effective educational model is needed. We compared the impact of interactive versus didactic inpatient pediatric asthma education on subsequent emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations.

METHODS
Children (aged 2‒16) with asthma admitted to a tertiary care children’s hospital with an asthma exacerbation between October 2016 and June 2017 were randomly assigned to interactive or didactic (control) asthma education. The primary outcome was asthma ED visits at 6 and 12 months; secondary outcomes included hospitalizations (6 and 12 months), inhaler technique, asthma knowledge, symptoms, quality of life, and parental management skills at baseline, discharge, and/or 12 months.

RESULTS
One hundred forty participants (69 interactive, 71 control) completed the study. There were no differences in ED visits at 6 or 12 months. Compared to controls, the interactive group had fewer hospitalizations (10.1% vs 22.5%; P = .04) at 6 months. Inhaler technique in the interactive group improved at discharge (mean change 4.07 [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.21–4.94]) and remained increased at 12 months (P = .03). Patient-reported asthma symptoms and quality of life were similar in both groups at baseline (19.9 vs 20.62, best possible score 8) and significantly improved in the interactive group at 12 months (least square mean change, 3.52 vs −1.75; P &lt; .01).

CONCLUSIONS
There were no differences in ED visits; however, the interactive education reduced asthma hospitalizations over a 6-month period. These findings demonstrate that educational delivery methods can play a role in improving clinical outcomes for asthma.
Delays Related to Prior Authorization in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Constant Brad D. , de Zoeten Edwin F. , Stahl Marisa G. , Vajravelu Ravy K. , Lewis James D. , Fennimore Blair , Gerich Mark E. , Scott Frank I. 
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND
Delays in advancing to biologic therapies are associated with adverse outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Insurer-mandated prior authorizations have been linked to prolonged medication initiation times. We hypothesized that prior authorizations are associated with prolonged biologic initiation time and increased IBD-related healthcare utilization among children with IBD.

METHODS
We performed a retrospective cohort study of 190 pediatric patients with IBD initiating biologics at a tertiary care hospital to measure the association between prior authorization, biologic initiation time (physician recommendation to first dose), and healthcare utilization (hospitalization, surgery, or emergency department visit). Demographic, insurance, and disease severity–related covariables were collected. Multivariable linear regression was used to measure the association between prior authorization and biologic initiation time. Propensity score methods were used to measure the associations between prior authorization and IBD-related healthcare utilization within 180 days and corticosteroid dependence at 90 days, with adjustment for insurance type, demographics, and disease severity–related characteristics.

RESULTS
Median biologic initiation time was 21 days. Prior authorization and complicated prior authorizations (requiring appeal, step therapy, or peer-to-peer review) were associated with 10.2-day (95% confidence interval [CI] 8.2 to 12.3) and 24.6-day (95% CI 16.4 to 32.8) increases in biologic initiation time, respectively. Prior authorizations increased the likelihood of IBD-related healthcare utilization within 180 days by 12.9% (95% CI 2.5 to 23.4) and corticosteroid dependence at 90 days by 14.1% (95% CI 3.3 to 24.8).

CONCLUSIONS
Prior authorizations are associated with prolonged biologic initiation time and increased IBD-related healthcare utilization. Minimizing prior authorization–related delays may expedite biologic delivery and reduce the risk of IBD-related healthcare utilization.
Making women visible. Gender bias in Colombian Economic History Courses
Authors: Villaveces Niño Marta Juanita , Torres Alvarado Pilar 
Published: February 2022

Is teaching impaired by gender bias? Following growing academic interest targeting gender bias in university curricula, we analyse the participation of literatura written by women in the compulsory course of Colombian Economic History to inquire about the existence of gender bias in the field of teaching. We analyse gender bias in two categories: relevance and participation to conclude that teaching and the investigation of the subfield reveals the existing biases in the economy and a slowness to change despite a growing awareness of the issue among scholars. This work seeks to contribute, based on a particular case, to the discussion on gender bias in teaching.
A General Attitude towards Shopping and Its Link with Basic Human Values in the UK
Authors: Rigoli Francesco 
Published: February 2022

Prior literature about shopping has focused mostly on specific aspects such as on attitudes towards specific products or shopping practices. A General Shopping Attitude (GSA), capturing how much an individual is attracted by shopping in general, has rarely been explored. In an online questionnaire study conducted in the UK, here we developed and validated a self-report scale to assess GSA. Moreover, adopting Schwartz’s theory of basic human values as framework, we explored the relationship between GSA and general value orientations. We observed that people valuing more Self-enhancement versus Self-transcendence (i.e., valuing the own social status and wellbeing versus the wellbeing of others and of the environment) reported more positive GSA. This fits with theories proposing that, in consumer societies, shopping is appealing because it allows one to achieve social status. Contrary to perspectives claiming that shopping is appealing because it enables expressing creativity and freedom, a negative relation between GSA and Self-direction (i.e., a tendency to value freedom and creativity) emerged. Rather, this observation fits with proposals viewing the appeal of shopping in its ability to enable one to conform to a reference group’s standards. These findings shed light on general value orientations underlying the appeal of shopping.
Including Value Education in Tertiary Level: What Bangladesh Think
Authors: Faisal Rajib Ahmed , Akther Jarin 
Published: February 2022

Bangladesh is a country with numerous number of cultural, social and religious diversity. Such in a pluralist society, it is not easy to identify the common values to be taught. Therefore it is necessary to develop pupils’ values to show respect to others cultures and promote mutual tolerance and understanding through Value Education (VE). The purpose of the research was to explore teachers’ and students’ opinion to include VE as a course in higher education level in Bangladesh. It was a qualitative study and data was collected from the university teachers and students via semi-structured interview. In this study it has been found that religion is a sensitive issue to be taught in VE class which may cause conflict between teacher and students. Participants suggested that VE contents should be practical rather than be theoretical only. One of the challenges to include VE course was the influence of job market economy and because of it students would consider the course as a burden, not to fit for having jobs in future. One of the recommendations of this research was that VE teachers should be open, liberal, and respectful to students’ believe to manage the classroom conflict.
Recontextualising Genre-Based Pedagogy in Indonesian Context: A Case of Preservice Teachers
Authors: Nurlaelawati Iyen , Lengkanawati Nenden Sri , Gunawan Wawan 
Published: February 2022

This study focused on how two preservice teachers applied genre-based pedagogy in their teaching practices during teaching practicum in order to help their students produce descriptive report texts. Using a case study design, the data were collected mainly from classroom observation and students’ texts. The findings showed that the preservice teachers had considerably good knowledge of genre-based pedagogy and of its application of the first two stages of the pedagogy. In the last two stages, they needed more attention to provide opportunities for the students to practice producing the focus text. In terms of the results of students’ learning, the preservice teachers needed improvement to support and observe the students’ development more closely in writing. This study suggests some evaluative results of how teaching practicum should support and help preservice teachers develop their professionalism in the field of EFL teaching.
Measure of Central Tendency: Undergraduate Students’ Error in Decision-Making Perspective
Authors: Rosidah Rosidah , Ikram Fadhil Zil 
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this research was to examine undergraduates' understanding of the central tendency measure from a decision-making perspective. The research adopted a qualitative method by employing an interview and test to obtain the data. It enrolled 93 undergraduate students who had previously studied basic statistics and applied statistics. Four students were selected for interviews out of the 93 participants. The analysis model used included data condensation, data visualization, and conclusion and verification. A large number of students were unable to provide explanations for their decisions. The majority of students related the test with the necessity of calculating an average or selecting a more straightforward measure. None of the students was aware of the presence and effect of outliers in the data. The undergraduate students demonstrated a lack of awareness of the factors that could influence their decision-making. The students did not consider other variables. The majority of them were unaware of the benefits and drawbacks of using mean, median, and mode to describe data.
Resiliencia económica de las regiones españolas ante la crisis financiera de 2008
Authors: García Sánchez Antonio , Montes Luna Miguel 
Published: February 2022

En el presente trabajo analizamos el concepto de resiliencia económica territorial frente a perturbaciones que supongan un shock para una economía, que permite realizar un análisis comparativo de diferentes territorios respecto a la capacidad de resiliencia mostrada. Posteriormente ha sido aplicada en ocho regiones españolas para analizar su nivel de resiliencia tras el impacto que sufrieron sus economías en el año 2008.
Nuestra propuesta está basada en una suma ponderada de tres indicadores (sensibilidad al impacto, coeficiente de reestructuración y capacidad evolutiva), asociados a las dimensiones del proceso de resiliencia económica territorial (capacidad para soportar presiones externas manteniendo la estructura y funciones, capacidad de reorganización y capacidad para la adaptación en el largo plazo, respectivamente). Mediante la suma ponderada de las tres dimensiones logramos una aproximación a la capacidad de resiliencia global.
Los resultados obtenidos para las regiones españolas ponen de manifiesto la relevancia de la capacidad de resiliencia, así como la existencia de importantes diferencias regionales y la necesidad de diseñar políticas adaptadas a las características de cada región, que permitan una mejor respuesta de los territorios frente a una crisis.
Analisis Aktivitas Fisik dan Status Gizi Terhadap Kebugaran Jasmani Junior High School: Literature Review
Authors: Putro Bagus , Winarno Mashuri 
Published: February 2022

The literature review study aims to determine the relationship between physical activity, nutritional status on junior high school students' physical fitness and related factors based on secondary data or previous research journal articles. The collection of literature review data uses the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) flow method. Search journal articles in the review literature using methodological criteria (1) required variables (2) consistent data collection methods (3) valid research results (4) clear and precise data analysis. The results show (1) physical activity is related to physical fitness, (2) nutritional status is related to physical fitness (3) There is an insignificant relationship between physical activity and physical fitness because of the influencing factors. Conclusion: encouraging health sports and health education as a solution to physical fitness problems from physical activity factors and nutritional status. External roles are very supportive to reach the level of physical fitness such as educators and parents.
Studi literatur review bertujuan mengetahui hubungan aktivitas fisik, status gizi terhadap kebugaran jasmani siswa SMP dan faktor yang berkaitan berdasarkan dari data sekunder atau artikel jurnal penelitian sebelumnya. Pengumpulan data literatur review menggunakan metode alir Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Pencarian article jurnal pada literatur review menggunakan kriteria metodologis (1) variabel yang diperlukan (2) metode pengumpulan data konsisten (3) hasil penelitian valid (4) analisis data jelas dan tepat. Hasil menunjukkan (1) aktivitas fisik berhubungan terhadap kebugaran jasmani, (2) status gizi berhubungan terhadap kebugaran jasmani (3) Terdapat hubungan tidak signifikan aktivitas fisik terhadap kebugaran jasmani karena faktor yang berpengaruh. Simpulan: mendorong olahraga kesehatan dan Pendidikan kesehatan sebagai solusi permasalahan kebugaran jasmani dari faktor aktivitas fisik dan status gizi. Peran eksternal sangat mendukung untuk mencapai tingkat kebugaran jasmani seperti pendidik dan orangtua.
Strategi Pembelajaran Online Mata Melajaran PJOK di SMK pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Jaya Khun , Heynoek Febrita , Fitriady Gema 
Published: February 2022

This study aims to find out how the online learning strategies used by physical education teachers in sports and health at State Vocational Schools in Malang City. Using a qualitative descriptive approach with a survey research design. The variable in this research is online learning strategy. Using a sampling technique by purposive sampling, a total of 11 physical education teachers, sports and health at State Vocational Schools in Malang City. Data collection techniques in the form of interviews with interview guidelines as a research instrument. The data obtained were analyzed through 3 stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the teacher's strategies used during learning, the majority use asynchronous compared to synchronous. The strategy used has several obstacles when asynchronous, namely some students do not participate in the work of the task while the constraints on synchronous learning students tend not to pay attention to the material explained. Although there are some obstacles, the teacher tries to keep the class conducive by making certain rules and joint commitments with the students, so that the class can be more conducive.
Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana strategi pembelajaran online yang digunakan oleh guru PJOK SMK Negeri di Kota Malang. Menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan desain penelitian survei. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah strategi pembelajaran online. Menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel dengan cara purposive sampling, sejumlah 11 orang guru PJOK SMK Negeri di Kota Malang. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara dengan pedoman wawancara sebagai instrument penelitian. Data yang diperoleh di analisis malalui 3 tahapan yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan strategi guru yang digunakan pada saat pembelajaran, mayoritas memakai asinkronus dibandingkan sinkronus. Strategi yang digunakan memiliki beberapa kendala pada saat asinkronus yaitu beberapa siswa tidak ikut serta dalam pengerjaan tugas sedangkan kendala pada pembelajaran sinkronus siswa cenderung tidak memperhatikan materi yang dijelaskan. Meskipun terdapat beberapa kendala, guru berupaya agar menjaga kelas tetap kondusif dengan membuat peraturan tertentu dan komitmen bersama dengan siswa, sehingga kelas bisa lebih kondusif.
Upaya Meningkatkan Keterampilan Teknik Dasar Tendangan Mawashi-Geri Beladiri Karate Menggunakan Metode Drill Bagi Karate Inkado
Authors: Sasmita Novi , Januarto Oni Bagus , Kurniawan Ari 
Published: February 2022

The mawashi-geri kick is a basic technique of kicking in karate which is used to attack almost all parts of the body. For this reason, it needs to be trained using the drill method so that it can be maximized. The purpose of this study was to improve the kicks skills of mawashi-geri karate self-defense in Inkado karate. This research is a sports action research that uses descriptive qualitative and quantitative descriptive methods. The results of the research that have been done show that the success rate of Inkado karate in cycle 1 is 51.39 percent, while in cycle 2 it is 69.99 percen. Based on the results of cycles 1 and 2, there was an increase of 18.6 percen. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that using the drill training method can improve the kicks skills of mawashi-geri karate martial arts in Inkado karate.
Tendangan mawashi-geri merupakan teknik dasar tendangan di dalam beladiri karate yang digunakan untuk menyerang, hampir seluruh bagian tubuh. Untuk itu perlu dilatih dengan menggunakan metode drill agar bisa maksimal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keterampilan tendangan mawashi-geri beladiri karate pada karate-ka Inkado. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan olahraga yang menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan deskripstif kuantitatif. Hasil dari penelitian yang sudah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa tingkat keberhasilan pada karate-ka Inkado pada siklus 1 sebesar 51,39 persen., sedangkan pada siklus 2 sebesar 69,99 persen. Berdasarkan hasil dari siklus 1 dan 2 mengalami peningkatan sebesar 18,6 persen. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan menggunakan metode drill latihan dapat meningkatkan keterampilan tendangan mawashi-geri beladiri karate pada karate-ka Inkado
Pengaruh Latihan Metode Drill Fixed Target Terhadap Tingkat Konsisten Pukulan Forehand Groundstroke Pada Pada Atlet Tenis Lapangan Klub Bentar Kabupaten Probolinggo
Authors: Irjaba Dhimas , Supriatna Supriatna , Sulistyorini Sulistyorini 
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a significant effect between the drill method and the fixed target training program on the consistent level of accuracy of the forehand groundstroke. The design in this study was pre-experimental, namely a pretest and posttest design in one group. The research subjects were 20 athletes. This study was conducted with 16 meetings with a frequency of training 3 times a week. Researchers used the Hewwits Test Accuracy instrument. The results of the pretest mean 24.00 and the mean for the posttest results was 28.15. The data obtained were analyzed using the paired t-test sample. The results of the data analysis were Sig 0.000 less than 0.05. Based on the results of this analysis, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of a training program using the fixed target drill method on the consistent improvement of forehand groundstroke.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruhang signifikan progam latihan metode drill dengan fixed target terhadap tingkat konsisten ketepatan pukulan forehand groundstroke. Rancangan dalam penelitian ini adalah pra-eksperimental, yaitu rancangan pretest dan posttest dalam satu kelompok. Subyek penelitian berjumlah 20 atlet, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan 16 kali pertemuan dengan frekuensi Latihan 3 kali seminggu. Peneliti mengunakan isntrument Hewwits Test Acuracy. Hasil dari rata-rata pretest 24.00 dan rata-rata untuk hasil posttest 28.15. Data yang diperoleh di analisis menggunakan uji sample paired t-test. Hasil dari analasis data sebesar Sig 0.000 kurang dari 0.05. Berdasarkan hasil analisis tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan program latihan dengan menggunakan metode drill fixed target terhadap peningkatana konsisten pukulan forehand groundstroke.
Survei Tingkat Daya Tahan Kardiovaskular (VO₂Max) Peserta Ekstrakurikuler Futsal Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Zain Muhammad , Hariyoko Hariyoko 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study aims to determine and assess information on the level of cardiovascular endurance (VO₂MAX) futsal extracuricular participants. This research uses quantitative descriptive survey method. Subjects of the study were 30 futsal extracuricular participants. The test instrument uses MFT measurements. Based on the result of the analysis, it can be seen that the level of cardiovascular endurance (VO₂MAX) futsal extracuricular participants. 3 participants or 10 percent induded in the good category, 9 participants or 30 percent induded in the moderate category, 9 participants or 30 percent induded in the less category, and 9 participants or 30 percent induding very poor category. It can be conduded that the cardiovascular endurance (VO₂MAX) of futsal extracuricular members falls into the category of less with an average of 37,86.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengkaji informasi tingkat daya tahan kardiovaskular (VO₂MAX) peserta ekstrakurikuler futsal. Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Subjek penelitian yaitu peserta ekstrakurikuler futsal berjumlah 30 peserta putra. Instrumen tes menggunakan pengukuran MFT. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, dapat diketahui bahwa tingkat daya tahan kardiovaskular (VO₂MAX) peserta ekstrakurikuler futsal 3 peserta atau 10 percent termasuk kategori baik, 9 peserta atau 30 percent termasuk kategori sedang, 9 peserta atau 30 percent termasuk kategori kurang, dan 9 atau 30 percent termasuk kategori sangat kurang. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa daya tahan kardiovakular (VO₂MAX) peserta ekstrakurikuler futsal masuk dalam kategori kurang dengan rata-rata 37,86.
Study of association of ACE gene I/D polymorphism with the risk of pulmonary sarcoidosis (with the participation of the Republic of Karelia residents)
Authors: Malysheva I. E. , Topchieva L. V. , Tikhonovich E. L. 
Published: February 2022

The aim of the study was to analyze the association of I/D polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene with the risk of pulmonary sarcoidosis in ethnic Russians of the Republic of Karelia. Methods. The study enrolled 242 individuals, including 112 patients of Russian nationality residing in the Republic of Karelia with confirmed pulmonary sarcoidosis and 130 healthy donors as a control group. The distribution of alleles and genotypes of I/D polymorphism of ACE gene (rs4646994) in these groups was investigated. Alleles of this polymorphic marker were identified by the method of PCR-RFLP. Results. The comparative analysis showed no statistically significant differences in the distribution of alleles and genotypes of indel locus of ACE gene (rs4646994) between the control group and the group of patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis (χ2 = 0.619; p > 0.05; χ2 = 0.368; p > 0.05, respectively). Conclusion. I/D polymorphism of ACE gene is not associated with the risk of pulmonary sarcoidosis in ethnic Russians of the Republic of Karelia