bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlations of magnetic resonance imaging classifications with preoperative functions among patients with refractory lateral epicondylitis
Authors: Li Xu , Zhao Yang , Zhang Zhijun , Zheng Tong , Li Shangzhe , Yang Guang , Lu Yi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the correlations between three magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) classifications and preoperative function in patients with refractory lateral epicondylitis (LE).

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed patients with refractory LE who underwent arthroscopic treatment. Signal changes in the origin of the extensor carpi radialis brevis (ERCB) were evaluated based on three different MRI classification systems. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis was used to analyse the correlation between each MRI classification and the preoperative functional and visual analogue scale (VAS). The lateral collateral ligament complex (LCL) in all patients was evaluated using both MRI and arthroscopy. The Mann–Whitney U test was used for the comparison of preoperative VAS and all functional scores between patients with refractory LE combined with LCL lesions, and those without.

Results
There were 51 patients diagnosed with refractory LE between June 2014 to December 2020, all of whom were included in this study. The patients included 32 women and 19 men with a mean age of 49.1 ± 7.6 years (range, 39–60 years). The average duration of symptoms was 21.1 ± 21.2 months (range, 6–120 months). The intra-observer agreements for Steinborn et al.’s classification were 77.9%, 76.0%, and 76.7%, respectively. The inter-observer reliabilities of the three classifications were 0.734, 0.751, and 0.726, respectively. The average intra-observer agreement for the diagnosis of abnormal LCL signal was 89.9%, with an overall weighted kappa value of 0.904. The false-positive rate was 50%, and the false-negative rate was 48% for LCL evaluation on MRI. Spearman's rank correlation analysis did not find significant correlation between any of the three MRI classifications and preoperative VAS or any functional scores (all P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in the VAS and functional scores between patients with abnormal LCL signals on MRI and those without LCL lesions (all P > 0.05).

Conclusions
Preoperative MRI findings in patients with refractory LE cannot reflect the severity of functional deficiency. Preoperative MRI grading of the origin of the ERCB and preoperative MRI for LCL signal change cannot assist the surgical plan for the treatment of patients with refractory LE.
Determinants of pelvic organ prolapse at public hospitals in Hawassa city, Southern Ethiopia, 2020: unmatched case control study
Authors: Dora Bezabih Terefe , Kassa Zemenu Yohannes , Hadra Nebiha , Tsigie Bamlaku Birie , Esayas Hawi Leul 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionEven though the Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is outstanding gynecologic problem, most private and asymptomatic nature of the illness makes it the “hidden epidemic.” The aim of this study was to identify the determinants of POP.MethodsFacility based unmatched case control study was conducted from June 15 to September 10, 2020. All cases diagnosed with POP were enrolled in the study by using consecutive random sampling method by assuming that patient flow by itself is random until the required sample size was obtained. Then 1:2 cases to control ratio was applied. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and chart review for type and degree of prolapse was used. Epi-data was used for data entry and SPSS were used for analysis. Chi square test and binary and multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed. Multicollinearity was checked.ResultOn multivariate logistic regression, heavy usual work load(AOR = 2.3, CI(1.066–4.951), number of pregnancy ≥ 5(AOR = 3.911, CI(1.108–13.802), birth space of < 2 years(AOR = 2.88, CI(1.146–7.232), history of fundal pressure (AOR = 5.312, CI(2.366–11.927) and history of induced labor (AOR = 4.436, CI(2.07–9.505) were significantly associated with POP withPvalue < 0.05 and 95% CI after adjusting for potential confounders.ConclusionHeavy usual work load, having pregnancy greater than five, short birth space, history of induced labor, and history of fundal pressure are independent predictors of pelvic organ prolapse. Hence the responsible body and obstetric care providers should counsel the women about child spacing, minimizing heavy usual work load and effect of multigravidity on POP. Incorporation of health education on those risk factors related to POP on antenatal and postnatal care should be considered. The obstetric care providers also avoid fundal pressure and labor induction without clear indication and favorability, and the hospital officials set a law to ban fundal pressure during labor.
Global transcriptomic response of Escherichia coli to p-coumaric acid
Authors: Rodríguez-Ochoa José Ignacio , Fragoso-Jiménez Juan Carlos , Flores Noemí , Martínez Luz María , Bolivar Francisco , Martinez Alfredo , Gosset Guillermo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe aromatic compound p-coumaric acid (p-CA) is a secondary metabolite produced by plants. This aromatic acid and derived compounds have positive effects on human health, so there is interest in producing them in biotechnological processes with recombinant Escherichia coli strains. To determine the physiologic response of E. coli W3110 to p-CA, dynamic expression analysis of selected genes fused to a fluorescent protein reporter as well as RNA-seq and RT-qPCR were performed. The observed transcriptional profile revealed the induction of genes involved in functions related to p-CA active export, synthesis of cell wall and membrane components, synthesis of amino acids, detoxification of formaldehyde, phosphate limitation, acid stress, protein folding and degradation. Downregulation of genes encoding proteins involved in energy production, carbohydrate import and metabolism, as well as several outer and plasma membrane proteins was detected. This response is indicative of cell envelope damage causing the leakage of intracellular components including amino acids and phosphate-containing compounds. The cellular functions responding to p-CA that were identified in this study will help in defining targets for production strains improvement.
Is altering the availability of healthier vs. less-healthy options effective across socioeconomic groups? A mega-analysis
Authors: Pechey Rachel , Hollands Gareth J. , Reynolds James P. , Jebb Susan A. , Marteau Theresa M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Availability interventions have been hypothesised to make limited demands on conscious processes and, as a result, to be less likely to generate health inequalities than cognitively-oriented interventions. Here we synthesise existing evidence to examine whether the impact of altering the availability of healthier vs. less-healthy options differs by socioeconomic position.

Methods
Individual-level data (21,360 observations from 7,375 participants) from six studies (conducted online (n = 4) and in laboratories (n = 2)) were pooled for mega-analysis. Multilevel logistic regressions analysed the impact of altering the availability of healthier options on selection of a healthier (rather than a less-healthy) option by socioeconomic position, assessed by (a) education and (b) income.

Results
Participants had over threefold higher odds of selecting a healthier option when the available range was predominantly healthier compared to selections when the range offered was predominantly less-healthy (odds ratio (OR): 3.8; 95%CIs: 3.5, 4.1). Less educated participants were less likely to select healthier options in each availability condition (ORs: 0.75–0.85; all p < 0.005), but there was no evidence of differences in healthier option selection by income. Compared to selections when the range offered was predominantly less-healthy, when predominantly healthier options were available there was a 31% increase in selecting healthier options for the most educated group vs 27% for the least educated. This modest degree of increased responsiveness in the most educated group appeared only to occur when healthier options were predominant. There was no evidence of any differential response to the intervention by income.

Conclusion
Increasing the proportion of healthier options available increases the selection of healthier options across socioeconomic positions. Availability interventions may have a slightly larger beneficial effect on those with the highest levels of education in settings when healthier options predominate.
Less is more: repellent-treated fabric strips as a substitute for full screening of open eave gaps for indoor and outdoor protection from malaria mosquito bites
Authors: Njoroge Margaret Mendi , Hiscox Alexandra , Saddler Adam , Takken Willem , van Loon Joop J. A. , Fillinger Ulrike 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Providing protection from malaria vector bites, both indoors and outdoors, is crucial to curbing malaria parasite transmission. Screening of house entry points, especially with incorporated insecticides, confers significant protection but remains a costly and labour-intensive application. Use of spatial repellents has shown promise in creating areas of protection in peri-domestic areas.

Methods
This study aimed at comparing the protection provided by transfluthrin-treated and untreated complete screens over open eave gaps with incomplete transfluthrin-treated eave strips as a potential replacement for a full screen. Human landing catches were implemented independently inside and outside an experimental hut under controlled semi-field conditions, with insectary-reared Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes.

Results
The odds of a female mosquito finding a human volunteer indoors and attempting to bite were similar whether the eaves were completely open or there was an untreated fabric strip fixed around the eaves. However, when the eave gap was completely screened without insecticide, the odds of receiving a bite indoors were reduced by 70% (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.20–0.47). Adding transfluthrin to the full screen, further increased the protection indoors, with the odds of receiving a bite reduced by 92% (0.08, 95% CI 0.04–0.16) compared to the untreated screen. Importantly, the same protection was conferred when only a narrow transfluthrin-treated fabric strip was loosely fixed around the eave gap (OR 0.07, 95% CI 0.04–0.13). The impact of the transfluthrin treatment on outdoor biting was correlated with evening temperatures during the experiments. At lower evening temperatures, a transfluthrin-treated, complete screen provided moderate and variable protection from bites (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.37–1.03), whilst at higher evening temperatures the odds of receiving a bite outdoors was over four times lower in the presence of transfluthrin, on either a full screen (OR 0.22 95% 0.12–0.38) or a fabric strip (OR 0.25, 95% 0.15–0.42), than when no treatment was present.

Conclusion
The findings suggest that transfluthrin-treated fabric strips can provide a substitute for complete eave screens. They are a simple, easy-to-handle tool for protecting people from malaria mosquito bites indoors and potentially around the house in climatic areas where evening and night-time temperatures are relatively high.
Targeted demethylation of the SLC5A7 promotor inhibits colorectal cancer progression
Authors: Li Yang , Liu Baike , Yin Xiaonan , Jiang Zhiyuan , Fang Chao , Chen Na , Zhang Bo , Dai Lei , Yin Yuan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
SLC5A7 (solute carrier family 5 member 7), also known as choline transporter 1 (CHT1), is downregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) and functions as a tumor suppressor. However, the mechanisms underlying the inactivation of SLC5A7 in CRC remain to be elucidated.

Results
In the present study, two broad-spectrum demethylation agents (azacitidine and decitabine) employed to treat CRC cells significantly upregulated SLC5A7 expression. Further results based on the CRC cohort and TCGA database indicated that SLC5A7 promoter methylation inversely correlated with SLC5A7 expression, and the status of SLC5A7 promotor methylation showed a promising prognostic value for patients with CRC. Next, the dCas9-multiGCN4/scFv-TET1CD-based precision demethylation system was constructed, which could significantly and specifically promote SLC5A7 expression in CRC cells through sgRNA targeting the SLC5A7 promoter. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that targeted demethylation of SLC5A7 by dCas9-multiGCN4/scFv-TET1CD-sgSLC5A7 inhibited tumor growth by stabilizing p53 and regulating downstream targets.

Conclusions
Collectively, DNA promoter methylation caused inactivation of SLC5A7 in CRC, and targeted demethylation of SLC5A7 might be a therapeutic target for CRC and other cancers.
Unusually high incidence of polyomavirus JC infection in the higher grade of colorectal cancer tissues in Taiwan
Authors: Fang Chuan-Yin , Chen San-Yuan , Hsiao Bo-Xiu , Huang Hsin-Yi , Chen Yi-Ju , Tung Chun-Liang , Fang Chiung-Yao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction
The human JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) has been detected in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and is suggested to contribute to CRC tumorigenesis. The rearrangement of the JCPyV regulatory region is supposedly associated with CRC development. The progression of CRC involves the stepwise accumulation of mutations. The large tumor antigen (LT) of JCPyV can trigger uncontrolled cell cycle progression by targeting oncogenes, and tumor suppressor genes, and causing chromosome instability. Few studies have focused on the presence of JCPyV DNA in the higher grade of CRC tissues.

Methods
We collected 95 tissue blocks from samples of stages I, II, III, and IV CRC. Nested PCR targeting the regulatory region of the viral genome was performed to determine the presence of JCPyV DNA in the various stages of colorectal cancer tissues.

Results
The nested PCR results showed that the positive rate of JCPyV DNA increased with the progression of CRC stages. The archetypal-like, non-rearrangement genotype of JCPyV with subtle mutations was the major genotype found in CRC samples.

Conclusions
This finding in our study suggests that there may be an association between JCPyV and CRC progression.
Inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases may attenuate scar proliferation after cleft lip surgery in rabbits via Smads signaling pathway
Authors: Ding Qian , Yue Jin , Xue Ling-fa , Xu Yao-xiang , Xiao Wen-lin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Cleft lip repair surgery always results in visible scarring. It has been proved that scar formation can be reduced by inhibiting the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38MAPKs) signaling pathway. However, the interaction between p38MAPK and Smads in scar formation is still controversial.

Methods
This study was designed to investigate whether inhibition of p38MAPK reduces postoperative scar formation of cleft lips on rabbits via the Smads signaling pathway. Scar models in rabbits after cleft lip surgery were created and their fibroblasts were extracted. Then the expression of p38MAPK was disturbed by adenovirus in vitro and Vivo. The scar thickness was measured and scar tissues were excised for Sirius red staining and immunohistochemistry to detect the expression of type I collagen (col I), type III collagen (col III), and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). The underlying mechanisms of p38MAPK knockdown on the extracellular matrix and Smad signaling pathway were invested in vitro using the EdU assay, Western blot, RT PCR, and immunofluorescence.

Results
p38MAPK knockdown suppresses the expression of p-smad3 and p-smad2 in fibroblasts, modulating the expression of its target genes, such as α-SMA, col I, and col III. When Ad-P38MAPK-1 was injected into lip scar, it reduced the expression of scar-related genes and scar thickness when compared to the negative control groups.

Conclusions
In rabbits, inhibiting p38MAPK expression prevents scar proliferation through inhibiting the Smad signaling pathway after cleft lip surgery.
Experimental Study on Existing RC Circular Members Under Unequal Lateral Impact Train Collision
Authors: AL-Bukhaiti Khalil , Yanhui Liu , Shichun Zhao , Abas Hussein , Nan Xu , Lang Yang , Yu Yan Xing , Daguang Han 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWith the fast growth of high-speed rail in recent years, derailment has become the first hidden danger of high-speed rail transportation. The high-speed train passes near the station building. So the train may derail and hit the station building. Building a high-speed railway station usually uses a reinforced concrete structure. As a result of high impact energy on the impact body, the reinforced concrete (RC) member may fail; the impact point is near the member's foot; the structural member's constraint can be considered fixed support. This paper investigates the dynamic behavior of four types of circular reinforced concrete members under unequal lateral impact loads. The RC member's failure mechanism and dynamic response addressed the significance of unequal lateral impact load. The usual circular reinforced concrete members are used as the model to perform the drop-weight impact test. The specimens' crack pattern, failure mechanism, impact, deflection, and strain time–history curves are obtained. Findings show that between the impact point and the adjacent support, shear fractures occur that fail in shear mode. Shear cracks are based on impact velocity, longitudinal reinforcement ratio, and stirrup ratio. One type is more destructive to members and nodes. A shear fracture occurs when a longitudinal reinforcement fractures towards the closer support. The effects of impact velocity, longitudinal reinforcement ratio, and stirrup ratio on the dynamic impact response are studied. The experimental results may help improve structural member impact resistance. The critical section (right side) computed the static shear resistance using shear force, whereas the maximum external load resistance determines static bending moment resistance. Understanding how circular members fail to be subjected to unequal lateral impact loads provides insight into circular RC members' impact design and damage evaluation.
A novel MRI index for paraspinal muscle fatty infiltration: reliability and relation to pain and disability in lumbar spinal stenosis: results from a multicentre study
Authors: Banitalebi Hasan , Aaen Jørn , Storheim Kjersti , Negård Anne , Myklebust Tor Åge , Grotle Margreth , Hellum Christian , Espeland Ansgar , Anvar Masoud , Indrekvam Kari , Weber Clemens , Brox Jens Ivar , Brisby Helena , Hermansen Erland 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Fatty infiltration of the paraspinal muscles may play a role in pain and disability in lumbar spinal stenosis. We assessed the reliability and association with clinical symptoms of a method for assessing fatty infiltration, a simplified muscle fat index (MFI).

Methods
Preoperative axial T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of 243 patients aged 66.6 ± 8.5 years (mean ± standard deviation), 119 females (49%), with symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis were assessed. Fatty infiltration was assessed using both the MFI and the Goutallier classification system (GCS). The MFI was calculated as the signal intensity of the psoas muscle divided by that of the multifidus and erector spinae. Observer reliability was assessed in 102 consecutive patients for three independent investigators by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and 95% limits of agreement (LoA) for continuous variables and Gwet’s agreement coefficient (AC1) for categorical variables. Associations with patient-reported pain and disability were assessed using univariate and multivariate regression analyses.

Results
Interobserver reliability was good for the MFI (ICC 0.79) and fair for the GCS (AC1 0.33). Intraobserver reliability was good or excellent for the MFI (ICC range 0.86–0.91) and moderate to almost perfect for the GCS (AC1 range 0.55–0.92). Mean interobserver differences of MFI measurements ranged from -0.09 to -0.04 (LoA -0.32 to 0.18). Adjusted for potential confounders, none of the disability or pain parameters was significantly associated with MFI or GCS.

Conclusion
The proposed MFI demonstrated high observer reliability but was not associated with preoperative pain or disability.
Radiomics in photon-counting dedicated breast CT: potential of texture analysis for breast density classification
Authors: Landsmann Anna , Ruppert Carlotta , Wieler Jann , Hejduk Patryk , Ciritsis Alexander , Borkowski Karol , Wurnig Moritz C. , Rossi Cristina , Boss Andreas 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
We investigated whether features derived from texture analysis (TA) can distinguish breast density (BD) in spiral photon-counting breast computed tomography (PC-BCT).

Methods
In this retrospective single-centre study, we analysed 10,000 images from 400 PC-BCT examinations of 200 patients. Images were categorised into four-level density scale (a–d) using Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS)-like criteria. After manual definition of representative regions of interest, 19 texture features (TFs) were calculated to analyse the voxel grey-level distribution in the included image area. ANOVA, cluster analysis, and multinomial logistic regression statistics were used. A human readout then was performed on a subset of 60 images to evaluate the reliability of the proposed feature set.

Results
Of the 19 TFs, 4 first-order features and 7 second-order features showed significant correlation with BD and were selected for further analysis. Multinomial logistic regression revealed an overall accuracy of 80% for BD assessment. The majority of TFs systematically increased or decreased with BD. Skewness (rho -0.81), as a first-order feature, and grey-level nonuniformity (GLN, -0.59), as a second-order feature, showed the strongest correlation with BD, independently of other TFs. Mean skewness and GLN decreased linearly from density a to d. Run-length nonuniformity (RLN), as a second-order feature, showed moderate correlation with BD, but resulted in redundant being correlated with GLN. All other TFs showed only weak correlation with BD (range -0.49 to 0.49, p < 0.001) and were neglected.

Conclusion
TA of PC-BCT images might be a useful approach to assess BD and may serve as an observer-independent tool.