bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of frailty, abuse and depression among community‐dwelling older adults in a nortwest city of Turkey
Authors: Akyol Guner Türkan 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the frailty, abuse, and depression experienced by community‐dwelling older adults and to raise awareness in society about the abuse of the elderly.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was carried out in three family health centres in a city centre in the northwest of Turkey. The sample consisted of 429 older adults. Data were collected with Descriptive form, FRAIL Scale, Hwalek‐Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test, and the Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form. In data analysis, percentage, mean ± SD, t‐test, analysis of variance, Tukey test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis were used. The significance level in the tests was taken as P < 0.05.ResultsIn this study, 28.68% of the elderly were in the fragile group, 22.84% experienced abuse and 24.0% were depressed. The elders who participated in the study were evaluated according to the scale scores used. It was determined that they were in the fragile group with a score of 2.21 + 1.47; they were exposed to low level of abuse with 1.58 + 1.17 points and they were depressed with 5.15 + 4.82 points. There was a high and positive significant correlation between the frailty and abuse experienced by the elderly (P < 0.001; r: 0.621), there was a middle and positive significant correlation between frailty and depression (P < 0.001; r: 0.492), and high and positive correlation were found between abuse and depression in the elderly (P < 0.001; r: 0.647).ConclusionsThis study shows that frailty, abuse, and depression are important problems in community‐dwelling older adults and there are significant relationships between them. In order to prevent the abuse that the elderly in the fragile group are exposed to, it is recommended that especially health workers should be trained on elder abuse in in‐service training programs.
Experiences of families of people living with frontotemporal dementia: a qualitative systematic review
Authors: Shiba Tamami , Yamakawa Miyae , Endo Yoshimi , Konno Rie , Tanimukai Satoshi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFrontotemporal dementia (FTD) is characterised by atrophy of the frontal and/or temporal lobes. People with FTD show language and emotional disturbances from onset, and communication problems usually affect people with FTD and their families even before diagnosis. These unique characteristics of FTD are not well understood and create substantial problems for people living with FTD and their families. This review explores the experiences of families of people living with FTD. Studies were selected and screened according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. We searched four bibliographic databases for articles up to February 2021 to identify qualitative data on the experiences of families. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist for qualitative studies was used to assess all included studies. Of 235 identified articles, we included six studies in the qualitative synthesis. Meta‐ethnography was conducted to interpret families' experiences of people living with FTD. The emergent concepts were synthesised into five themes: Something is wrong with my loved one; No one fully understands; Existential pain of caring for a loved one with FTD; Increased burden owing to specific FTD symptoms; and Forced to adapt to new and unique ways of living with a loved one with FTD. This review highlighted families' confusion and suffering (which began in the early stages of the disease, and sometimes before diagnosis) and the difficulty of communicating with people with FTD. These findings have implications for future practice, as they demonstrate the positive effect on family life of appropriate support that is provided early, rather than after the disease has progressed.
An online Trier social stress paradigm to evoke affective and cardiovascular responses
Authors: DuPont Caitlin M. , Pressman Sarah D. , Reed Rebecca G. , Manuck Stephen B. , Marsland Anna L. , Gianaros Peter J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn response to the COVID‐19 pandemic, prior studies have modified the Trier Social Stress Test to be conducted remotely. The current study aimed to extend these studies to test whether a remote Trier Social Stress Test (rTSST) can elicit (a) affective, (b) blood pressure, and (c) heart rate responses relative to a control condition and whether these responses were reliable when assessed 1 week later. Participants (N = 99, 19.7 ± 3.5 years, 55% female) were randomized to a control or stress condition. Participants received blood pressure monitors in person. Controls completed easier versions of the tasks with a single, friendly researcher. Stress participants performed more difficult versions of the task in front of two judges who participants believed were rating their performance. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured every 2 min throughout, while affect was assessed at baseline, after the final task, and following recovery. The rTSST was feasible to administer with minimal technical issues reported. Participants reported lower positive affect and higher negative affect during the tasks in the stress condition relative to controls. Similarly, stress participants had higher cardiovascular responses during the tasks relative to controls, except that blood pressure was not elevated during mental arithmetic in stress participants relative to controls. Cardiovascular responses demonstrated good test–retest reliability when assessed 1 week later, especially when computed using area under the curve methods. Overall, a rTSST can be used to elicit affective and cardiovascular reactivity and provides an opportunity to increase the accessibility of research participation among diverse populations.
Shaky social insurance foundation: Income instability and pension participation in South Korea
Authors: Yen Wei‐Ting 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveMany welfare states in young democracies feature low effective social insurance coverage, especially in old‐age pension. What explains the ineffective coverage? This article shows individual income instability is a microlevel factor contributing to low effective coverage.MethodThe article used 15 waves of the Korean Labor Income Panel Study and constructed a fine‐grained individual‐level income instability measure, which was used to predict individual participation in state‐run public pension using (multinomial) logistic models with industry, occupation, and cohort fixed effects.ResultThe article shows that income instability is negatively associated with public pension participation, and the negative relationship becomes larger as income level increases. Moreover, income instability inhibits only participation in state‐led risk pooling, but not in private self‐insuring.ConclusionThe article sheds light on disentangling an individual‐level factor buttressing young welfare states and bears implications for the future contour of welfare states in young democracies.
Trust in physicians and trust in government predict COVID‐19 vaccine uptake
Authors: Viskupič Filip , Wiltse David L. , Meyer Brittney A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe consider how trust in government, trust in physicians, and interpersonal trust affect the likelihood of COVID‐19 vaccine uptake.MethodsA survey of 3057 registered South Dakota voters was fielded in April 2021 that measured COVID‐19 vaccine uptake, three aspects of trust, and several other factors related to vaccine hesitancy. Logistic regression was utilized to analyze the responses.ResultsWe found positive, statistically significant, and substantively impactful effects for trust in government and trust in physicians on the likelihood of COVID‐19 vaccine uptake, and null results for interpersonal trust.ConclusionsOur findings provide a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between trust and COVID‐19 vaccine uptake, and suggest that public health official as well as physicians should strive to increase the public's trust in the medical community.
Jointly modeling bus and taxi ridership: A Bayesian multivariate spatial analysis accounting for cross‐ridership correlation
Authors: Luan Hui , Zhang Shanqi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the spatial patterns of transit ridership and their ascribable factors is critical for urban and transportation planning. Existing studies predominantly examine a single type of transit ridership but neglect important cross‐ridership correlation. This study aims to develop a Bayesian multivariate spatial modeling approach for jointly analyzing multiple ridership. In particular, cross‐ridership correlation is estimated using correlated spatially unstructured residuals, correlated spatial random effects, or the combination of both. The proposed approach is applied to a case study of Wuhu, China, where the correlation between bus and taxi ridership is accounted for in the modeling of transit ridership and their built environment determinants. Results show that accounting for cross‐ridership correlation significantly improves model‐fitting, but the fashion used to induce such a correlation matters. Furthermore, the role of built environment in determining transit ridership could be over‐estimated without considering cross‐ridership correlation. This study contributes to statistical modeling of transit ridership by applying a spatial multivariate approach, which can improve our understanding of the underlying processes of multiple ridership, their interactions, as well as their associations with physical environments.
Establishment of a new cell line of canine inflammatory mammary cancer: IMC‐118
Authors: Gao Hongbo , Zhou Han , Gao Yiming , He Lixin , Li Wenxuan , Xu Meixia , Feng Huili , Feng Xiujuan , Qiu Changwei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCanine inflammatory mammary cancer (IMC) has long been regarded as an attractive animal model for research into human inflammatory breast cancer (IBC), Although some canine mammary tumour cell lines corresponding to human mammary cancer cell lines have been established, there is still a need to supplement the canine mammary tumour cell bank. The goal of this study was to create a new type of IMC cell line. The primary tumour, IMC‐118, was identified as IMC by pathology examination. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed negative immunoreactivity to oestrogen receptor (ER), but positive immunoreactivity to progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor‐2 (HER‐2). Immunofluorescence (IF) analysis revealed that the IMC‐118 cell line from this primary tumour was negative for ER but positive for PR and HER‐2, and was also positive for epithelial and mesenchymal cell markers. This cell line was cultured stably for more than 50 passages and grew well after cryopreservation. In vivo, tumour masses and metastases in the lungs were discovered after inoculating the IMC‐118 cells into the nude mice model. As a result, a novel canine IMC cell line, IMC‐118, was effectively established, and could be employed as a promising model for immunotherapy and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition mechanism of IMC research in both dogs and humans.
Determination of Asymptotic Normalization Coefficients by Analytic Continuation of Differential Cross Sections
Authors: Blokhintsev L. D. , Savin D. A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A method is discussed for determining the asymptotic normalization coefficients (ANC) using the analytic continuation of experimental differential cross sections for nuclear transfer reactions to the pole point of the reaction amplitude with respect to the variable $$\cos\theta$$, where $$\theta$$ is the scattering angle. Within the framework of this method, using experimental data on the differential cross section for the reaction $${}^{12}\textrm{C}(0^{+};0\textrm{ MeV})(d,p){}^{13}\textrm{C}(1/2^{+};3.09\textrm{ MeV})$$ the ANC for the channel $${}^{13}\textrm{C}(1/2^{+};3.09\textrm{ MeV})\to{}^{12}\textrm{C}(0^{+};0\textrm{ MeV})+n$$ was determined. When determining the ANC, the corrections caused by the Coulomb interaction in the initial, final and intermediate states of the reaction were taken into account. It is shown that these corrections significantly affect the extracted ANC value.
Fast Charged Particles in the Interaction of $${}^{{56}}$$Fe with Be, Ta, and U Nuclei at an Energy of 400 MeV
Authors: Penionzhkevich Yu. E. , Lukyanov S. M. , Maslov V. A. , Samarin V. V. , Aznabayev D. , Butusov I. V. , Issatayev T. , Mendibayev K. , Stukalov S. S. , Shakhov A. V. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The energy spectra of alpha particles emitted at an angle of 0$${}^{\circ}$$ in the interaction of 400-MeV $${}^{56}$$Fe ions with $${}^{238}$$U, $${}^{181}$$Ta, and $${}^{9}$$Be targets were measured by means of a high-resolution magnetic analyzer (MAVR, which is the acronym of the Russian name of this setup). The energy spectra of charged particles ranging from Li to Ne were also measured. The experimental data obtained in this way indicate that the emission of alpha particles is a dominant process in the above reactions. Particles of high energy, up to those in the vicinity of the so-called kinematical limit for two-body reactions, were observed with a rather high yield. The sensitivity of the experimental procedure that employed the aforementioned magnetic analyzer made it possible to observe events characterized by cross-section values smaller by six to eight orders of magnitude than that at the maximum of the spectrum. The cross section for the production of light particles is shown to be dependent on their binding energy in the target. The experimental data obtained in this study were analyzed with aid of the moving-source model.
Experimental constraints on the properties of $$P_c$$ states
Authors: Burns T. J. , Swanson E. S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractUsing new experimental data on photoproduction and $$\Lambda _b^0$$

Λ
b
0

decays, we derive constraints on the properties of the LHCb $$P_c$$

P
c

states. We conclude that $$P_c(4312)$$

P
c

(
4312
)

, $$P_c(4380)$$

P
c

(
4380
)

and $$P_c(4440)$$

P
c

(
4440
)

can be described as $$\Sigma _c\bar{D}$$

Σ
c

D

¯

, $$\Sigma _c^*\bar{D}$$

Σ
c
∗

D

¯

and $$\Sigma _c\bar{D}^*$$

Σ
c

D

¯

∗

molecules, but that $$P_c(4457)$$

P
c

(
4457
)

does not fit into the same picture. Based on the apparent absence of additional partner states, and the striking disparity between $$\Lambda _c^+\bar{D}^0$$

Λ
c
+

D

¯

0

and $$\Lambda _c^+\bar{D}^{*0}$$

Λ
c
+

D

¯

∗
0

decays, we conclude that $$P_c(4440)$$

P
c

(
4440
)

has $$3/2^-$$

3
/

2
-

quantum numbers. Using heavy-quark symmetry we predict large experimental signals for $$P_c$$

P
c

states in $$\eta _c p K^-$$

η
c

p

K
-

, $$\Lambda _c^+\bar{D}^{*0}K^-$$

Λ
c
+

D

¯

∗
0

K
-

, and $$\Sigma _c^{(*)}\bar{D}K^-$$

Σ
c

(

∗
)

D

¯

K
-

. We also argue that current experimental data on photoproduction is almost at the level of sensitivity required to observe $$P_c$$

P
c

states.
Bayesian approach to inverse problems: an application to NNPDF closure testing
Authors: Del Debbio Luigi , Giani Tommaso , Wilson Michael 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe discuss the Bayesian approach to the solution of inverse problems and apply the formalism to analyse the closure tests performed by the NNPDF collaboration. Starting from a comparison with the approach that is currently used for the determination of parton distributions (PDFs), we discuss some analytical results that can be obtained for linear problems and use these results as a guidance for more complicated non-linear problems. We show that, in the case of Gaussian distributions, the posterior probability density of the parametrized PDFs is fully determined by the results of the NNPDF fitting procedure. Building on the insight that we obtain from the analytical results, we introduce new estimators to assess the statistical faithfulness of the fit results in closure tests. These estimators are defined in data space, and can be studied analytically using the Bayesian formalism in a linear model in order to clarify their meaning. Finally we present results from a number of closure tests performed with current NNPDF methodologies. These further tests allow us to validate the NNPDF4.0 methodology and provide a quantitative comparison of the NNPDF4.0 and NNPDF3.1 methodologies. As PDFs determinations move into precision territory, the need for a careful validation of the methodology becomes increasingly important: the error bar has become the focal point of contemporary PDFs determinations. In this perspective, theoretical assumptions and other sources of error are best formulated and analysed in the Bayesian framework, which provides an ideal language to address the precision and the accuracy of current fits.
Research on the Throwing Technique of High-Pole Hydrangea Champion Team in the 12th Students’ Games of Guangxi
Authors: Xu Shijun , Zeng Cong , Yang Pei , Wei Yu 
Published: April 2022

By using the methods of literature, mathematical analysis, and comparative analysis, this study expounds the origin and development history of the culture of Hydrangea and the movement of throwing Hydrangea, studies the representative technical theory of high-pole throwing Hydrangea, and makes a comparative analysis with the angle, speed, and other technical movements of throwing Hydrangea in teaching and training, as well as the trajectory data of the arc top height, circle range, and landing point of the parabola of Hydrangea. This study discusses the technical problems existing in the high shot Hydrangea competition of the two students Games in Guangxi. The research shows that projection technology is the foundation and core element of the survival and development of high-pole throwing Hydrangea; the existing projection technology has a certain positive effect on teaching, but it has shortcomings for high-level training and competition. The research shows that throwing technology is the foundation and core element of the survival and development of high-pole throwing Hydrangea; the existing throwing technology has a certain positive effect on teaching, but it has shortcomings for high-level training and competition. The best shooting angle is

640
≤
α
≤
720

, and the speed is

13.04

m
/
s
≤

v

0

≤
13.70

m
/
s

, which is a range of numerical matching between the two; the core problem of shooting technology is to shorten the shooting cycle and running distance through the cooperation of the best shooting angle and speed, so as to lay the foundation for improving the hit rate per unit time. Suggestions. Build national sports culture, improve the technical level, and promote the development of national sports to a higher level.
Role Mismatch in Medical Decision-Making Participation Is Associated with Anxiety and Depression in Family Members of Patients in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Fang Tingting , Du Pengfei , Wang Yin , Chen Dandan , Lu Hailin , Cheng Haoran , Hu Wenqing , Jiang Donghui 
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to investigate the mismatch between the preferred and actual roles in the medical decision-making of intensive care unit (ICU) patients’ family members and the relationship between the role mismatch of family members’ decisions and anxiety and depression syndromes. A total of 223 family members of ICU patients in the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University in China were enrolled. The simple Chinese version of the Control Preference Scale was used to complete the surveys to assess the preferred and actual roles, and anxiety and depression syndromes were measured using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale and Patient Health Questionnaire-9, respectively. For the preferred and actual roles, the active role rates were 16.1% and 8.1%, the cooperative role rates were 49.3% and 31.4%, and the passive role rates were 34.5% and 60.5%, respectively. The incidence of mismatch was 43.0% between the preferred and actual roles, and the consistency between their preferred and actual decision-making roles was poor (kappa = 0.309,

P

< 0.001). Family members with mismatched decision-making roles had significantly higher incidence rates of anxiety (90.6% vs. 57.5%,

P

< 0.001) and depression (86.5% vs. 63.0%,

P

< 0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that mismatches in decision-making roles remained independently associated with these outcomes after adjustment for family members’ sociodemographic features. The results of the present study demonstrate that the preferred role of ICU patients’ family members is mainly cooperative, and the actual role is mainly passive. The mismatch between the preferred and actual roles is associated with anxiety and depression among the ICU patients’ family members.
Endovascular Thrombectomy in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke With Simultaneous Multivessel Occlusions
Authors: Chung Chi‐Ting , Chen Chih‐Hao , Chu Hai‐Jui , Chang Yu‐Ming , Sung Pi‐Shan , Lin Yen‐Heng , Lee Chung‐Wei , Tsai Li‐Kai , Tang Sung‐Chun , Jeng Jiann‐Shing 
Published: April 2022

Background
Simultaneous multivessel occlusions (MVOs) are a rare condition, which may be encountered during endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, associated factors, and outcome of patients with acute ischemic stroke and MVO who underwent EVT.

Methods
Consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke who received EVT between September 2014 and April 2021 were included. Acute MVO was defined as simultaneous occlusions of ≥2 intracranial or extracranial major vessels in either bilateral anterior circulation or anterior plus posterior circulation. Patients’ baseline characteristics and outcome of MVO were analyzed.

Results
Of 602 patients with acute ischemic stroke (mean age, 71±13 years; male, 53.1%) who received EVT, 11 patients (1.8%) had acute MVO. The involved vessels included bilateral internal carotid arteries in 3, bilateral middle cerebral arteries in 4, vertebral artery and distal middle cerebral artery in 1, and internal carotid artery and distal posterior cerebral artery in 3 patients. Preadmission dependence (modified Rankin scale score >2), higher initial stroke severity, and posterior cerebral artery occlusion were more frequently found in MVO. The cause of MVO included large vessel atherosclerosis in 4, cardioembolic in 4, cancer‐related hypercoagulability in 2, and postpartum in 1 patient. Several patients had received simultaneous multitargeted EVT, but only 4 of them achieved optimal reperfusion in both vessels. Compared with patients without MVO, those with MVO had higher mortality (adjusted odds ratio, 6.75; 95% CI, 1.93–23.6) and poor functional outcome (common odds ratio for 1‐point improvement at modified Rankin scale, 0.14, 95% CI, 0.05–0.45) at 90 days.

Conclusion
Acute simultaneous MVO in patients who underwent EVT is a rare yet devastating condition. Multitarget mechanical thrombectomy to achieve reperfusion is challenging but still possible.