bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive analysis of cuproptosis-related long noncoding RNA immune infiltration and prediction of prognosis in patients with bladder cancer
Authors: Zhang Yaoyu , Li Xiaodong , Li Xiaowei , Zhao Youguang , Zhou Tingting , Jiang Xin , Wen Yang , Meng Wenjun , Li Shadan 
Published: September 2022

Background: Bladder cancer (BCa), among the world’s most common malignant tumors in the urinary system, has a high morbidity and mortality. Though cuproptosis is a new type of cell death mediated by lipoylated tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle proteins, the role of cuproptosis-related long noncoding RNAs (crlncRNAs) in bladder tumors awaits further elucidation. In this paper, we tried to explore how important crlncRNAs are for BCa.Methods: The crlncRNAs were first obtained through Pearson correlation analysis of the RNA-seq data and corresponding clinical data downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Then, three lncRNAs were acquired by Cox regression and Lasso regression to build a prognostic model of crlncRNAs for verification. In the meantime, clinicopathological correlation analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), immunoassay, and half-maximal inhibitory concentration prediction (IC50) were carried out. Then, an entire tumor was classified into two clusters by crlncRNA expression to further discuss the differences in prognosis, immune status and drug susceptibility among different subgroups.Results: We obtained a total of 152 crlncRNAs and built a risk model for screened crlncRNAs. We validated the model and found that calibration charts feature a high consistency in verifying nomogram prediction. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and univariate and multivariate Cox regression suggested that this model can be applied as an independent prognostic factor of bladder cancer due to its high accuracy. According to KEGG analysis, high-risk groups were enriched in cancer and immune-related pathways. During tumor immunoassay, noticeable differences were observed in both immune infiltration and checkpoints between high- and low-risk patients. Of the two subgroups divided among patients by consensus clustering, cluster 2 had a better prognosis, whereas cluster 1 had higher immunoreactivity scores, more immune cell infiltrations and immune checkpoint expressions, and different sensitivities to drugs.Conclusion: The research findings demonstrate that crlncRNAs can be used to predict the prognosis and immune microenvironment of patients suffering from BCa, and differentiate between BCa subgroups to improve the individual therapy of BCa.
Evaluating the yaws diagnostic gap: A survey to determine the capacity of and barriers to improving diagnostics in all yaws-endemic countries
Authors: Handley Becca L. , Tchatchouang Serges , Grout Lise , Johnson Roch Christian , Tabah Earnest Njih , Boua Bernard , Boock Alphonse Um , Koffi Aboa Paul , Phanzu Delphin Mavinga , Kotey Nana Konama , Rogers Emerson , Dofitas Belen , Jung Younghee , Maweke Tchalim , Beiras Camila G. , Maman Issaka , Basing Laud Anthony , Ngazoa Solange Kakou , Houezo Jean Gabin , Togbey Kwamy , Telan Elizabeth Freda , Sarmento Nevio , Marion Estelle , Addo Kwasi Kennedy , Mitjà Oriol , Asiedu Kingsley , Harding-Esch Emma , Marks Michael 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundYaws, caused by Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue, is a skin neglected tropical disease. It is targeted for eradication by 2030, primarily using mass drug administration (MDA) with azithromycin. Traditionally, diagnosis of yaws has relied on clinical examination and serological testing. However, these approaches have poor diagnostic performance. To achieve eradication, more accurate diagnostics are required to determine whether MDA should be initiated or continued as well as for post-elimination surveillance. Molecular tools will be crucial for detecting antimicrobial resistant cases, which have the potential to derail eradication efforts. In order to determine the feasibility of introducing novel, more accurate, diagnostics for yaws surveillance purposes, it is necessary to understand current in-country diagnostic capacity. This study therefore aimed to understand the current capacity of, and challenges to, improving diagnostics for yaws in all yaws-endemic countries worldwide.Methodology/principal findingsAn online survey was sent to all 15 yaws-endemic countries in July 2021. The survey asked about past prevalence estimates, the availability of different diagnostic tools, and perceived barriers to enhancing capacity. Fourteen countries responded to the survey, four of which did not have a current National Policy for yaws eradication in place. Over 95% of reported that yaws cases from the past five years had not been confirmed with serological or molecular tools, largely due to the limited supply of rapid serological tests. Only four countries reported having operational laboratories for molecular yaws diagnosis, with only one of these having a validated assay to detect azithromycin resistance.Conclusions and significanceThis study highlights the diagnostic capacity constraints across all respondent countries. Countries are in need of access to a sustainable supply of serological tests, and development of molecular testing facilities. Sufficient sustainable funding should be made available to ensure that appropriate diagnostic tools are available and utilised.
Quantitative changes in iris and retinal blood flow after femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis and small-incision lenticule extraction
Authors: Cui Lipu , Xue Wenwen , Yao Wenbo , Huang Xinhui , Xue Wen , Wang Yulan , Li Shanshan , Zhao Liquan , Zou Haidong 
Published: September 2022

PurposeTo investigate the quantitative changes in iris and retinal blood flow indices after femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) and small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).MethodsSeventy-nine patients who underwent FS-LASIK or SMILE were enrolled between July 2020 and September 2020. Participants were followed-up 1 day pre-operatively and 1 week, 1 month, 3 months post-operatively. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was used to acquire and quantify the iris and retinal blood flow indices.ResultsThe iris vessel area density (VAD) and vessel skeleton density (VSD) decreased on post-operative day 1 but recovered on day 7. In both cases, the pupil diameter was positively associated with the post-operative iris blood flow indices (p = 0.0013, p = 0.0002). The retinal VAD and VSD in the superficial and deep capillary plexuses decreased after surgery and failed to recover after 90 days. The SMILE group showed significantly lower iris and retinal blood flow indices than the FS-LASIK group. For both procedures, axial length (p = 0.0345, p = 0.0499), spherical equivalence (p = 0.0063, p = 0.0070), and suction duration (p = 0.0025, p = 0.0130) were negatively correlated with the post-operative VAD and VSD.ConclusionsThe SMILE and FS-LASIK procedures induced a short-term decrease in the iris and retinal blood flow indices, although patients finally showed full visual recovery. This phenomenon should be carefully considered, especially in patients prone to anterior segment lesions.
Effects of different levels of controlled hypotension on regional cerebral oxygen saturation and postoperative cognitive function in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Zhao Yajuan , Zang Chuanbo , Ren Shengjie , Fu Jianbin , Liu Ning , Zhou Ziyu , Lang Bao 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundControlled hypotension technique was usually used to reduce intraoperative bleeding, and it could improve visualization of the surgical field during total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, inappropriate controlled hypotension, through reducing cerebral blood flow or cerebral perfusion pressure, may cause postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), so it is important to identify the appropriate level of controlled hypotension. Objective: To investigate the effects of different levels of controlled hypotension on regional cerebral oxygen saturation and postoperative cognitive function in patients undergoing TKA.MethodsPatients meeting inclusion criteria were enrolled through preoperative visits and basic information was obtained. The patients were randomly divided into three groups: Group A, MAP was maintained at 90–100% of the baseline; Group B, MAP was maintained at 80–90% of the baseline; Group C, MAP was maintained at 70–80% of the baseline. The MAP, HR, and rSO2 were observed and recorded during the operation. The C-reactive protein (CRP), hemoglobin (Hb) and MMSE score at 1, 3, and 7 days after operation were recorded. SPSS25.0 was used for data analysis.ResultWhen the MAP had a decrease among the three groups, rSO2 did not decrease significantly, and none of the patients experienced POCD which was measured by MMSE. And there was no correlation between the decline in rSO2 and that in MAP.ConclusionNo POCD was experienced in the three groups, and we recommend that the controlled hypotensive target indicated by MAP was maintained at 70–80% of the baseline which not only decreases intraoperative bleeding and improve the quality of the surgical field, but also is still within safe levels.
Association between rehabilitation after reperfusion treatment and in-hospital mortality: Results from a national registry study
Authors: Li Shengde , Fang Shiyuan , Zhang Dingding , Lu Yixiu , Wang Longde , Peng Bin 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThere is no effective regimen to reduce the mortality of patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis or endovascular therapy (EVT). Therefore, we aimed to examine whether sequential therapy by rehabilitation could effectively reduce the in-hospital mortality of patients treated with reperfusion therapy.MethodsThis prospective registry study included patients with ischemic stroke who were treated by intravenous thrombolysis or endovascular therapy at Stroke Center Work Plan in China between 1 October 2018 and 31 July 2020. The patients were divided into 2 groups: those with (IRT+) or without (IRT–) inpatient rehabilitation therapy (IRT). The primary outcome was all-cause in-hospital mortality. We used Cox proportional hazards models and conducted a propensity score matching analysis to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality in the thrombolysis-only and EVT groups.ResultsOf the 189,519 patients in the thrombolysis-only group, 35.7% were women, and the median (interquartile range, IQR) age, onset-to-needle time, and follow-up time were 66 (57–74) years, 165 (119–220) min, and 9 (5–12) days, respectively. Among the 45,211 patients in the EVT group, 35.9% were women, and the median (interquartile range, IQR) age, onset-to-puncture time, and follow-up time were 66 (56–74) years, 297 (205–420) min, and 11 (6–16) days, respectively. In the thrombolysis-only group with a median (IQR) initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score of 6 (3–11), 105,244 patients (55.5%) treated with IRT had significantly lower all-cause in-hospital mortality [0.6 vs. 2.3%; adjusted HR 0.18 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.16–0.2)] than those without IRT. In the EVT group with a median (IQR) initial NIHSS score of 15 (10–20), 31,098 patients (68.8%) treated with IRT also had significantly lower all-cause in-hospital mortality [2 vs. 12.1%; adjusted HR, 0.13 (95% CI 0.12–0.15)]. IRT remained significantly associated with reduced in-hospital mortality in sensitivity, subgroup, and propensity score matching analyses among both the thrombolysis-only and EVT groups.ConclusionAmong the patients with ischemic stroke treated with intravenous thrombolysis or endovascular therapy, sequential therapy by rehabilitation was associated with lower all-cause in-hospital mortality. These findings suggest the necessity of promoting inpatient rehabilitation therapy after reperfusion in patients with ischemic stroke.
Association between prevalence rate of dementia with Lewy bodies and sleep characteristics in Chinese old adults
Authors: Gan Jinghuan , Liu Shuai , Wang Fei , Shi Zhihong , Lü Yang , Niu Jianping , Meng Xinling , Cai Pan , Wang Xiao-Dan , Chen Zhichao , Gang Baozhi , Ji Yong 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Few studies are available on the prevalence and sleep-related factors of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) in Chinese older adults, aiming to explore the associations between sleep characteristics and DLB.Methods: A cross-sectional study with 7,528 individuals aged ≥65 years in 106 communities in Northern China was conducted from April 2019 to January 2020. Questionaries (including demographic characteristics, comorbidities, lifestyles, and sleep characteristics) were administered, and neuropsychological assessments and physical examination were conducted in phase I; screening for probable DLB was done in phase II. Logistic regressions were used to assess associations.Results: A total of 919 (12.2%, 919/7,528) participants had dementia, and 101 (1.3%, 101/7,528) participants were diagnosed with DLB. The prevalence of dementia and DLB were slightly higher or equal in women, increased with age, and roughly decreased with nighttime sleep duration. Of the 101 participants, all of them (100.0%) had cognitive impairment, 46 (44.54%) displayed fluctuating cognition, 72 (71.29%) of them showed visual hallucination, 22 (21.78%) individuals reported RBD, and 27.71% showed Parkinsonism. Sleeping for &lt;5 h (adjusted OR = 1.795, 95%CI: 1.055–3.054, p &lt; 0.05) or having hypersomnolence (adjusted OR = 31.213, 95% CI: 17.618–55.301, p &lt; 0.001) were significantly associated with the occurrence of DLB. Sleep duration of &lt;5 h or &gt;8 h had combined diagnostic value for DLB (AUC = 0.783, 95%CI: 0.734–0.831, p &lt; 0.001).Conclusions: The current prevalence of DLB is 1.3% in Northern China. Short or long nighttime sleep duration is independently associated with the occurrence of dementia and DLB.
The impact of heme biosynthesis regulation on glioma aggressiveness: Correlations with diagnostic molecular markers
Authors: Mischkulnig Mario , Kiesel Barbara , Rötzer-Pejrimovsky Thomas , Borkovec Martin , Lang Alexandra , Millesi Matthias , Wadiura Lisa I. , Hervey-Jumper Shawn , Penninger Josef M. , Berger Mitchel S. , Widhalm Georg , Erhart Friedrich 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThe prognosis of diffusely infiltrating glioma patients is dismal but varies greatly between individuals. While characterization of gliomas primarily relied on histopathological features, molecular markers increasingly gained importance and play a key role in the recently published 5th edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. Heme biosynthesis represents a crucial pathway due to its paramount importance in oxygen transport, energy production and drug metabolism. Recently, we described a “heme biosynthesis mRNA expression signature” that correlates with histopathological glioma grade and survival. The aim of the current study was to correlate this heme biosynthesis mRNA expression signature with diagnostic molecular markers and investigate its continued prognostic relevance.Materials and methodsIn this study, patient data were derived from the “The Cancer Genome Atlas” (TCGA) lower-grade glioma and glioblastoma cohorts. We identified diffusely infiltrating gliomas correlating molecular tumor diagnosis according to the most recent WHO classification with heme biosynthesis mRNA expression. The following molecular markers were analyzed: EGFR amplification, TERT promoter mutation, CDKN2A/B homozygous loss, chromosome 7 + /10- aneuploidy, MGMT methylation, IDH mutation, ATRX loss, p53 mutation and 1p19q codeletion. Subsequently, we calculated the heme biosynthesis mRNA expression signature for correlation with distinct molecular glioma markers/molecular subgroups and performed survival analyses.ResultsA total of 649 patients with available data on up-to-date molecular markers and heme biosynthesis mRNA expression were included. According to analysis of individual molecular markers, we found a significantly higher heme biosynthesis mRNA expression signature in gliomas with IDH wildtype (p &lt; 0.0005), without 1p19q codeletion (p &lt; 0.0005), with homozygous CDKN2A/B loss (p &lt; 0.0005) and with EGFR amplification (p = 0.001). Furthermore, we observed that the heme biosynthesis mRNA expression signature increased with molecular subgroup aggressiveness (p &lt; 0.0005), being lowest in WHO grade 2 oligodendrogliomas and highest in WHO grade 4 glioblastomas. Finally, the heme biosynthesis mRNA expression signature was a statistically significant survival predictor after multivariate correction for all molecular markers (p &lt; 0.0005).ConclusionOur data demonstrate a significant correlation between heme biosynthesis regulation and diagnostic molecular markers and a prognostic relevance independent of these established markers. Consequently, heme biosynthesis expression is a promising biomarker for glioma aggressiveness and might constitute a potential target for novel therapeutic approaches.
Role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients affected by pulmonary primary lymphoma
Authors: Peng Ying , Qi Wanling , Luo Zhehuang , Zeng Qingyun , Huang Yujuan , Wang Yulu , Sharma Amit , Schmidt-Wolf Ingo G. H. , Liao Fengxiang 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundPrimary pulmonary lymphoma (PPL) is defined as clonal abnormal hyperplasia of lung parenchyma or bronchial lymphoid tissue originating from bronchial mucosal tissue. However, PPL is rare, which accounts for approximately 3-4% of extraneurotic lymphomas and 0.5-1% of all primary tumors in the lung. Owing to the lack of any typical clinical symptoms and radiological features, it is challenging to accurately diagnose PPL, which affects its clinical management and prognosis. Considering this, herein, we aim to raise awareness of this disease and help physicians understand the role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis of PPL.MethodA retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical and 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging data of 19 patients diagnosed with PPL by biopsy pathology at our hospital from April 2014 to December 2021.ResultsOf the 19 PPL patients, 15 patients showed clinical symptoms with the most common being fever and cough. In addition, there were 4 cases that had no clinical symptoms, and all of them were MALT lymphoma. In fact, 16 patients were misdiagnosed as lobar pneumonia, lung cancer, tuberculosis, and diffuse interstitial inflammation, representing a misdiagnosis rate of 84.2%. Also, 73.7% were MALT lymphomas, representing the most common pathological pattern, along with 3 DLBCL and 2 T-cell lymphomas. With reguard to CT signs, the air-bronchial sign was found to be the most common, followed by the halo sign and the collapsed leaf sign. On the basis of the predominant radiologic features, lesions were categorized as pneumonic consolidation, nodular/mass type, diffuse interstitial type, and mixed type. The average SUVmax of lesions was 7.23 ± 4.75, the ratio of SUVmax (lesion/liver) was 3.46 ± 2.25, and the ratio of SUVmax (lesion/mediastinal blood pool) was found to be 5.25 ± 3.27. Of interest, the different pathological types of PPL showed different values of 18F-FDG uptake. The 18F-FDG uptake of DLCBL was the most prominent with a SUVmax of 15.33 ± 6.30 and was higher than that of MALT lymphoma with a SUVmax of 5.74 ± 2.65. There appeared similarity in 18F-FDG uptake between MALT lymphoma and T-cell lymphoma. For the SUVmax of lesion, we found statistical significance between MALT lymphoma and DLCBL (P value&lt;0.001). In addition, we also found statistical significance (P value &lt; 0.05) in SUVmax of lesions between pneumonic consolidation type and nodal/mass type, I stage, and other stages.ConclusionsOn 18F-FDG PET/CT images, certain features of PPL morphology and metabolism can be identified that may contribute to a better understanding of this disease. In addition, 18F-FDG PET/CT whole-body imaging has the potential to refine the staging of PPL. Most importantly, functional 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging can readily reflect tumor cell activity, thus allowing for the selection of an optimal biopsy site.
Hospitalized cancer patients with comorbidities and low lymphocyte counts had poor clinical outcomes to immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Young Richard Benjamin , Panchal Hemali , Ma Weijie , Chen Shuai , Steele Aaron , Iannucci Andrea , Li Tianhong 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has improved survivals with a favorable toxicity profile in a variety of cancer patients. We hypothesized that hospitalized cancer patients who have acute or chronic comorbidities may have suppressed immune systems and poor clinical outcomes to ICIs. The objective of this study was to explore clinical outcomes and predictive factors of hospitalized cancer patients who received ICI therapy at an NCI-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center.MethodsA retrospective review of electronic medical records was conducted for adult cancer patients who received an FDA-approved ICI during admission from 08/2016 to 01/2022. For each patient we extracted demographics, cancer histology, comorbidities, reasons for hospitalization, ICI administered, time from treatment to discharge, time from treatment to progression or death, and complete blood counts. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. The 95% confidence interval for survival was calculated using the exact binomial distribution. Statistical significance was defined as 2-sided p&lt;0.05.ResultsOf 37 patients identified, 2 were excluded due to lack of complete blood counts on admission. Average hospital stay was 24.2 (95% CI 16.5, 31.9) days. Ten (27.0%) patients died during the same hospitalization as treatment. Of those who followed up, 22 (59.5%) died within 90 days of inpatient therapy. The median PFS was 0.86 (95% CI 0.43, 1.74) months and median OS was 1.55 (95% CI 0.76, 3.72) months. Patients with ≥3 comorbidities had poorer PFS (2.4 vs. 0.4 months; p=0.0029) and OS (5.5 vs. 0.6 months; p=0.0006). Pre-treatment absolute lymphocyte counts (ALC) &lt;600 cells/µL were associated with poor PFS (0.33 vs. 1.35 months; p=0.0053) and poor OS (0.33 vs. 2.34 months; p=0.0236). Pre-treatment derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (dNLR) &lt;4 was associated with good median PFS (1.6 vs. 0.4 months; p=0.0157) and OS (2.8 vs. 0.9 months; p=0.0375).ConclusionsAdministration of ICI therapy was associated with poor clinical outcomes and high rates of both inpatient mortality and 90-day mortality after inpatient ICI therapy. The presence of ≥3 comorbidities, ALC &lt;600/μL, or dNLR &gt;4 in hospitalized patients was associated with poor survival outcomes.