bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
effect of controlled sedation based on Richmond scale on the duration of mechanical ventilation in patients admitted to ICU
Authors: Ghabimi Mehrangiz , Mashhadi Monireh , Rostamvand Maryam , Shafiei Zahra , Tahmasbi Zohre , Hojjati Hamid 
Published: August 2022

Background & objective: Patients treated with mechanical ventilation may need sedatives and analgesics due to discomfort, pain, lack of coordination with the device, immunity maintenance, and oxygenation elevation. The use of sedation scoring protocols and systems reduces the duration of mechanical ventilation and hospitalization. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of controlled sedation based on the Richmond model on the duration of mechanical ventilation in patients admitted to the ICU. Methodology: This experimental study was performed on 60 patients admitted to ICU, who had been selected by simple random sampling and divided in two intervention and control groups. The data collection tools included the Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS), and Berne separation program checklist. In the intervention group, intervention was performed according to the standard Richmond protocol, but the control group received only the routine care. After the intervention, data were collected at 24 hours, 48 ​​hours and 72 hours after the intervention by SPSS-21 statistical software, and then were analyzed by descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (paired t-test, independent t-test and repeated measure).
Detection of cryptosporidium parvum in cat by conventional methods and nested PCR in Al-Diwaniyah province
Authors: Jasim N. A. , Ali M. J. 
Published: August 2022

This study was conducted in Al-Diwaniyah province / Iraq during the period from September 2021 to the end of February 2022 to determine the Infection rate of Cryptosporidium spp parasites in cat to study the effect of some epidemiological factors such as age , gender, months and type of cat, as well as molecular determination of Cryptosporidium spp. by amplification of 18srRNA gene by N-PCR. fecal samples were collected from 100 domestic cats and stained by Ziehl-Neelsen stain. Microscopic examination results showed that 33% of 100 stool samples were infected by Cryptosporidium spp. the highest percentage was in September and October at 40% , and the infection rates was 40% in males compared to females at 30% and in young 42% while in adults 24%, and for domestic and stray cats about 40% compared with pet shop 22.5% where there was no significant difference at P<0.05. Genomic DNA was extracted From 100 fecal samples, the 18srRNA gene for C. parvum was amplified by N-PCR . The (N-PCR) technique showed that out of 100 stools 35% of the samples were positive for C.parvum.
The Nabataean Temple at Khirbet et-Tannur: Volume 1—Architecture and Religion. Final Report on Nelson Glueck’s 1937 Excavation; and The Nabataean Temple at Khirbet et-Tannur: Volume 2—Cultic Offerings, Vessels, and Other Specialist Reports. Final Report o
Authors: Graf David F. 
Published: August 2022

The Nabataean Temple at Khirbet et-Tannur: Volume 1—Architecture and Religion. Final Report on Nelson Glueck’s 1937 Excavation. By Judith S. Mckenzie et al. Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research, vol. 67. Boston: American Schools of Oriental Research, 2013. Pp. xxvii + 340, illus. $89.95. [Distributed by ISD, Bristol, Conn.]
The Nabataean Temple at Khirbet et-Tannur: Volume 2—Cultic Offerings, Vessels, and Other Specialist Reports. Final Report on Nelson Glueck’s 1937 Excavation. By Judith S. Mckenzie et al. Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research, vol. 68. Boston: American Schools of Oriental Research, 2013. Pp. xx + 329, illus. $89.95. [Distributed by ISD, Bristol, Conn.]
Defective Boron Nitride Inducing the Lithium‐ion Migration on the Sub‐Surface of LiBH4
Authors: Wu Ziqiang , Wang Kaiwen , Sun Weiwei , Li Zhipeng , Ma Zhihong , Zhu Yunfeng , Zou Yongjin , Zhang Yao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe safety issues oflithium‐ion batteries provoke the development of highly secure solidelectrolytes. Hydride electrolytes owning the high electrochemical stabilityand anode compatibility may sufficiently relieve theconcerns of safety. However, the low ionic conductivity at room temperature hampersits further application. Herein, the strategy of defect‐induced (BH4)– deformation to achieve high ionicconductivity LiBH4/BN composite electrolyte is suggested. The theoreticalcalculations indicate that the volume of the (BH4)– tetrahedron is expanded by 14%. Such atetrahedron deformation weakens the LiH interaction forces in LiBH4, and thus promotes the Li‐ion migration. The LiBH4/BN composites are enabled to deliver lithium ionicconductivity of 1.15 × 10–4 S cm–1 at 40 °C with a Li‐ion transference number of 97%, persuading an excellent solidelectrolyte for all‐solid‐state batteries. The sub‐surface of LiBH4 offers the lowest migration barrier among all possiblechannels, paving the optimal way for Li‐ion migration. Furthermore, the LiBH4/BN electrolytes supply excellent electrochemical stabilityand electrode compatibility. The utilized strategy of outfield induction (notonly defects) and ligand deformation (not only (BH4)–) may also be extended to other solid electrolytes.
Knot‐Architectured Fabric Actuators Based on Shape Memory Fibers
Authors: Zhang Huapeng , Oh Saewoong , Mahato Manmatha , Yoo Hyunjoon , Oh Il‐Kwon 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDue to recent progress on wearable robotics, developing high‐performance fabric and textile actuators to be integrated with various soft electronic devices is urgently needed and remains a challenging issue. Here, a novel knot‐architectured fabric actuator (KAFA), showing superior features such as self‐locking crossing, mechanical robustness, facile fabrication at very low cost, high force generation, and large actuation strain, is reported. The actuation principle of KAFA is based on the shape recovery of constituent nitinol fibers that can restore the memorized curvature in the knotted architectures. Further, the KAFA can be conveniently operated by Joule heating, resulting in reliable actuation due to its seamlessly conductive circuit network. In addition, the KAFA shows exceptionally high force, up to 1373 times its own weight and around 30% actuation strain. The newly developed fabric actuators are applied to a wearable actuation device to lift weighty luggage and an adaptive controllable surface to grip spiky, irregular, fragile, and slippery objects. These applications demonstrate the wide potential of KAFAs for future wearable robotic products such as rehabilitative devices and powered exoskeletons.
Boosting the Efficiency of Organic Solid‐State Lasers by Solvato‐Tailored Assemblies
Authors: Man Zhongwei , Bao Jinsong , Xu Zhenzhen , Lv Zheng , Liao Qing , Yao Jiannian , Fu Hongbing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe photophysical properties of pure organic materials in solid‐state are widely related to the crystal's arrangements. Herein, 4,6‐bis((E)‐4‐(dibenzothiophene)styryl)‐5(ethoxycarbonyl)‐2,2‐difluoro‐2H‐1,3,2‐dioxaborinin‐1‐ium‐2‐uide (BBSF) is employed as a mode molecule to explore the relationship between molecular arrangement and performance. Three elegant crystals (solvent‐free‐J‐aggregation of EA‐crystal, solvent‐J‐aggregations of CB‐crystal, and FB‐crystal) are obtained by solvato‐tailored strategy. Detailed single crystal structures and photophysical data reveal that all the three crystals adopt a J‐type aggregation model. EA‐crystal does not involve solvent molecular while the CB‐ and FB‐crystals involve chlorobenzene (CB) and fluorobenzene (FB) molecules, respectively. Solvent molecules can effectively separate the two columns of BBSF molecules, resulting in high brightness emission. Laser behaviors indicate that the solvent‐microcrystals display higher brightness, lower threshold, as well as higher quality factor than solvent‐free‐microcrystal due to the weakened bimolecular exciton annihilation process. This strategy not only paves an intriguing way to the construction and preparation of pure organic J‐aggregation laser materials but also offers a guideline for suppressing bmEA process through introducing solvent molecules.
Asymmetric Coordination of Single‐Atom Co Sites Achieves Efficient Dehydrogenation Catalysis
Authors: Liu Hu , Lei Qian , Miao Ruoyan , Sun Mingzi , Qin Chuanjian , Zhang Liang , Ye Gan , Yao Yao , Huang Bolong , Ma Zhenhui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTuning asymmetric coordination of metal single‐atom (SA) sites can provide a new opportunity for optimizing the electronic structure of catalysts to achieve efficient catalysis, however, achieving such controllable design remains a grand challenge. Herein, an asymmetrically coordinated Co‐N4P SA site as a new catalyst system for achieving superior dehydrogenation catalysis of formic acid (HCOOH) is reported. The experimental results show that the Co atom is coordinated by four N atoms and one asymmetric P atom, forming the unique Co‐N4P SA sites. The Co‐N4P SA sites exhibit an impressive mass activity of 4285.6 mmol g–1 h–1 with 100% selectivity and outstanding stability for HCOOH dehydrogenation catalysis at 80 °C, which is 5.0, 25.5, and 23.1 times that of symmetrically coordinated Co‐N4 SA sites, commercial Pd/C and Pt/C, respectively. The in situ ATR‐IR analysis demonstrates the mono‐molecular H2 produced mechanism over Co‐N4P SA sites, and theoretical calculations further reveal that the asymmetric P sites not only can boost the CH bond cleavage of HCOO* by largely reducing the energy barrier but also facilitate the proton adsorption to achieve the fast generation of H2 in Co‐N4P SA sites. This study opens a new way for rationally designing novel SA sites to achieve efficient catalysis.
An Electret‐Powered Skin‐Attachable Auditory Sensor that Functions in Harsh Acoustic Environments
Authors: Lee Siyoung , Roh Hajung , Kim Junsoo , Chung Sein , Seo Donghwan , Moon Wonkyu , Cho Kilwon 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAuditory sensors have shortcomings with respect to not only personalization with wearability and portability but also detecting a human voice clearly in a noisy environment or when a mask covers the mouth. In this work, an electret‐powered and hole‐patterned polymer diaphragm is exploited into a skin‐attachable auditory sensor. The optimized charged electret diaphragm induces a voltage bias of >400 V against the counter electrode, which reduces the necessity of a bulky power source and enables the capacitive sensor to show high sensitivity (2.2 V Pa−1) with incorporation of an elastomer nanodroplet seismic mass. The sophisticated capacitive structure with low mechanical damping enables a flat frequency response (80–3000 Hz) and good linearity (50–80 dBSPL). The hole‐patterned electret diaphragms help the skin‐attachable sensor detect only neck‐skin vibration rather than dynamic air pressure, enabling a person's voice to be detected in a harsh acoustic environment. The sensor operates reliably even in the presence of surrounding noise and when the user is wearing a gas mask. Therefore, the sensor shows strong potential of a communication tool for disaster response and quarantine activities, and of diagnosis tool for vocal healthcare applications such as cough monitoring and voice dosimetry.
Shaping of Optical Wavefronts Using Light‐Patterned Photothermal Metamaterial
Authors: Robert Hadrien M. L. , Čičala Martin , Piliarik Marek 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHaving full control of light propagation in free space represents the ultimate goal for an imaging system. Spatial Light Modulators (SLMs), featuring the ability to actively control the spatial distribution of light components, are usually limited either to performing small and continuous adjustments to imaging aberrations or to rapidly shifting discrete segments of the wavefront with severe diffraction artifacts. Here a photothermally modulated optical structure is introduced as a highly responsive SLM capable of producing arbitrarily shaped wavefront patterns with smooth as well as step‐like features. The phase‐shift inducing temperature profile within the plasmonic metamaterial at the core of the SLM structure replicates closely the pattern of illuminating light intensity avoiding the common speed and spatial gradient limitations. As a result, the SLM concept is insensitive to polarization, free of diffraction artifacts, and offers sub‐millisecond response time and high transmittance >80%. The dynamic generation of a set of common optical functions is demonstrated, including low‐order Zernike polynomials patterns, phase grating, or vortex, which build an essential phase modulation toolbox across different imaging applications.
Luminescence from Self‐Trapped Excitons and Energy Transfers in Vacancy‐Ordered Hexagonal Halide Perovskite Cs2HfF6 Doped with Rare Earths for Radiation Detection
Authors: Adhikari Menuka , Shrivastava Navadeep , McClain Starfari T. , Adhikari Chandra M. , Guzelturk Burak , Khanal Rabi , Gautam Bhoj , Luo Zhiping 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCompared to halides Cs2HfX6 (X = Cl, Br, I) with a vacancy‐ordered cubic double perovskite structure, the halide Cs2HfF6 (CHF), with a hexagonal Bravais lattice, possesses a higher mass density and chemical stability for radiation detection. Luminescence properties and energy transfer mechanisms of rare‐earths‐doped CHF materials are studied here. The structure of CHF is identified as a new type of vacancy‐ordered hexagonal perovskite, with the same type of building blocks of the double perovskite but stacked with single layers. Density‐functional theory calculations reveal a large bandgap of CHF. A broad emission is observed from the pristine CHF host, which is suggested to be associated with self‐trapped excitons (STEs). A series of rare‐earths‐doped materials are designed utilizing the STE emissions, and efficient energy transfers from STEs and Tb3+ to Eu3+ are achieved for tunable emissions. The codoped material shows stable emission under X‐ray irradiation, with 10.2% reduction from its initial emission intensity, associated with possible structural evolution by radiation‐induced deformation of the soft host. The radiation responses of singly and codoped materials are evaluated, and the codoped material is found to be more sensitive to the radiation energy than the singly doped or pristine CHF for radiation detection.
Soft Nano‐Imprint Lithography of Rare‐Earth‐Doped Light‐Emitting Photonic Metasurface
Authors: Chehadi Zeinab , Montanari Michele , Granchi Nicoletta , Modaresialam Mehrnaz , Koudia Mathieu , Abel Mathieu , Putero Magali , Grosso David , Intonti Francesca , Abbarchi Marco 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSol–gel chemistry and nano‐imprint lithography (soft‐NIL) can be combined for the fabrication of nano‐patterns with large vertical aspect ratio over large scales. The possibility to frame via soft‐NIL metal oxides materials featuring a large refractive index and low absorption coefficient, opens new avenues for light management. In spite of its importance, the integration of light emitters in these materials has been mostly investigated in flat layers, limiting their efficiency and versatility. Here it is shown that ZrO2 can be combined with light emitting Eu3+ ions and framed via soft‐NIL to form large arrays of pillars atop a 2D residual layer. The chemical precursor solutions and the nano‐imprint technique are developed for photonic metasurfaces sustaining sharp resonances ascribed to quasi‐guided modes and lattice modes, as accounted for by finite difference time domains simulations. These resonances enable for a record extraction of the Eu3+ forward emission up to ≈200 times with respect to the flat counterpart within a relatively small detection angle (≈ ±16° around the vertical direction). These results are relevant for light‐emitting displays, down‐ and up‐conversion processes for light detection such as scintillators for X‐ray and for light amplifiers based on rare‐earth emitters.
Access to Fully Substituted Dihydropyrimidines via Dual Copper/Photoredox‐Catalyzed Domino Annulation of Oxime Esters and Imines
Authors: Cao Shujun , Li Huaigui , Teng Xinjie , Si Huaxing , Chen Rongshun , Zhu Yingguang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA domino cyclization of oxime esters and imines has been achieved by dual photoredox/copper catalysis. A variety of structurally diverse fully substituted dihydropyrimidines have been forged in 37–88% yields at room temperature. This synthetic protocol providesN‐heterocycles with high molecular complexity and functional group diversity. The present reaction is amenable to gram‐scale synthesis, which is expected to find potential applications in organic synthesis and drug discovery. A plausible reaction mechanism is proposed.magnified image
Targeted Delivery of Chemo‐Sonodynamic Therapy via Brain Targeting, Glutathione‐Consumable Polymeric Nanoparticles for Effective Brain Cancer Treatment
Authors: Wu Haoan , Gao Xingchun , Luo Yuanyuan , Yu Jiang , Long Gretchen , Jiang Zhaozhong , Zhou Jiangbing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive tumor of the central nervous system and remains universally lethal due to lack of effective treatment options and their inefficient delivery to the brain. Here the development of multifunctional polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) for effective treatment of GBM is reported. The NPs are synthesized using a novel glutathione (GSH)‐reactive poly (2,2″‐thiodiethylene 3,3″‐dithiodipropionate) (PTD) polymer and engineered for brain penetration through neutrophil elastase‐triggered shrinkability, iRGD‐mediated targeted delivery, and lexiscan‐induced autocatalysis. It is found that the resulting lexiscan‐loaded, iRGD‐conjugated, shrinkable PTD NPs, or LiPTD NPs, efficiently penetrate brain tumors with high specificity after intravenous administration. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that LiPTD NPs are capable of efficient encapsulation and delivery of chemotherapy doxorubicin and sonosensitizer chlorin e6 to achieve combined chemotherapy and sonodynamic therapy (SDT). It is demonstrated that the capability of GSH depletion of LiPTD NPs further augments the tumor cell killing effect triggered by SDT. As a result, treatment with LiPTD NPs effectively inhibits tumor growth and prolongs the survival of tumor‐bearing mice. This study may suggest a potential new approach for effective GBM treatment.
Metal Halide Perovskite Nanowires: Synthesis, Integration, Properties, and Applications in Optoelectronics
Authors: Zhang Daquan , Zhang Qianpeng , Zhu Yiyi , Poddar Swapnadeep , Zhang Yuting , Gu Leilei , Zeng Haibo , Fan Zhiyong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract1D metal halide perovskite (MHP) nanowires (NWs) have energized research interest owing to their unique characteristics; they are grain‐boundary‐free, efficiently transport axial carriers, in conjunction with strong radial spatial confinement. Herein, recent progress in the synthesis, integration, property characterization, and advanced optoelectronic applications of MHP NWs is systematically reviewed. The approaches to synthesize MHP NWs are mainly classified into solution‐phase and vapor‐phase methods, as well as the top‐down technique. Meanwhile, highly ordered patterns/templates‐assisted and surface‐guided alignment methods are utilized to integrate MHP NWs into NW arrays. The enhanced long‐term stability and superior optoelectronic properties of MHP NWs enable excellent optoelectronic device performance, where solar cells, photodetectors, image sensors, bionic eyes, light‐emitting diodes, resistive random‐access memories, and field‐effect transistors are mainly discussed. Finally, some perspectives for further direction of exploration to improve the device performance and path ways toward their practical applications are also provided.
Circadian dysfunction and Alzheimer's disease – An updated review
Authors: Ahmad Faizan , Sachdeva Punya , Sarkar Jasmine , Izhaar Raafiah 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is considered to be the most typical form of dementia that provokes irreversible cognitive impairment. Along with cognitive impairment, circadian rhythm dysfunction is a fundamental factor in aggravating AD. A link among circadian rhythms, sleep, and AD has been well‐documented. The etiopathogenesis of circadian system disruptions and AD serves some general characteristics that also open up the possibility of viewing them as a mutually reliant path. In this review, we have focused on different factors that are related to circadian rhythm dysfunction. The various pathogenic factors, such as amyloid‐beta, neurofibrillary tangles, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and circadian rhythm dysfunction may all contribute to AD. In this review, we also tried to focus on melatonin which is produced from the pineal gland and can be used to treat circadian dysfunction in AD. Aside from amyloid beta, tau pathology may have a notable influence on sleep. Conclusively, the center of this review is primarily based on the principal mechanistic complexities associated with circadian rhythm disruption, sleep deprivation, and AD, and it also emphasizes the potential therapeutic strategies to treat and prevent the progression of AD.
Expanding the phenotype of TAB2 variants and literature review
Authors: Woods Emily , Marson Imogen , Coci Emanuele , Spiller Michael , Kumar Ajith , Brady Angela , Homfray Tessa , Fisher Richard , Turnpenny Peter , Rankin Julia , Kanani Farah , Platzer Konrad , Ververi Athina , Emmanouilidou Eleftheria , Bourboun Nourxan , Giannakoulas George , Balasubramanian Meena 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTAB2 is a gene located on chromosome 6q25.1 and plays a key role in development of the heart. Existing literature describes congenital heart disease as a common recognized phenotype of TAB2 gene variants, with evidence of a distinct syndromic phenotype also existing beyond this. Here we describe 14 newly identified individuals with nine novel, pathogenic TAB2 variants. The majority of individuals were identified through the Deciphering Developmental Disorders study through trio whole exome sequencing. Eight individuals had de novo variants, the other six individuals were found to have maternally inherited, or likely maternally inherited, variants. Five individuals from the same family were identified following cardiac disease gene panel in the proband and subsequent targeted familial gene sequencing. The clinical features of this cohort were compared to the existing literature. Common clinical features include distinctive facial features, growth abnormalities, joint hypermobility, hypotonia, and developmental delay. Newly identified features included feeding difficulties, sleep problems, visual problems, genitourinary abnormality, and other anatomical variations. Here we report 14 new individuals, including novel TAB2 variants, in order to expand the emerging syndromic clinical phenotype and provide further genotype–phenotype correlation.