bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency of Dry Eyes after Cataract Surgery and Effect of Gender, Duration of Cataract and Age on Dry Eye Symptoms after Phacoemulsification
Authors: Rahim Usama , Mazhar Syed Abdullah , Ali Nazish Mazhar , Iqbal Nabeel , Tariq Moneeb 
Published: September 2022

Purpose: To determine the frequency of dry eyes in patients after cataract surgery and to find out the effect of gender, duration of cataract and age on dry eye symptoms after phacoemulsification.
Study Design: Descriptive Observational study.
Place and Duration of Study: Layton Rehmatulla Benevolent Trust Free Eye and Cancer Hospital, Lahore from October 2015 to April 2016.
Methods: One hundred and twenty patients between 40-80 years of age and suffering from cataract were included. Past medical history and current medical information was recorded. To control bias, only one experienced surgeon carried out the procedures. Follow-up was done at 1st post-operative day, one week, one month and 3 months. Tear film break up time was noted at each visit. Quantitative variables like age and tear film break-up time (TBUT) were presented as mean ± SD. The Qualitative variables were presented as frequency and percentages. Data was stratified according to age, gender and duration of cataract. Post-stratification Chi-square test was applied and p-value ≤0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Out of 120 patients, there were 47 (39%) males and 73 (61%) females. A total of 35 (29.2%) patients had dry eyes. Mean age was 59.11 ± 12.358 years while mean TBUT was 11.27 ± 2.582 seconds. There was no relation of dry eye with gender, duration of cataract and different age groups (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: Frequency of Dry eyes after cataract surgery was 29.2% (n = 35). There was no effect of gender, duration of cataract and age of the patient on the post-operative TBUT after phacoemulsification.
Mean Change in Pterygium Induced Astigmatism in Patients Undergoing Pterygium Excision with Conjunctival Autograft
Authors: Ali Asghar , Adnan Muhammad , Shaikh Sajida Parveen , Sami Abdul , Riffat Hafiza 
Published: September 2022

Purpose: To determine the mean change in pterygium induced astigmatism in patient undergoing pterygium excision with conjunctival auto graft.
Study Design: Quasi Experimental Study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of ophthalmology Dow University of Health Sciences/CHK from March 2018 to November 2018.
Methods: Thirty patients with pterygium were selected through non-probability consecutive sampling. All patients meeting inclusion criteria were enrolled after taking written consent. History of duration of symptoms and co-morbidity was taken. All surgeries were performed by consultant with more than 5 years’ experience with conjunctival auto graft under topical anesthesia. Patient was followed up after one week, 15 days and then monthly for four months with the final outcome at the end of fourth month. Difference between preoperative and postoperative astigmatism was taken as mean change. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 21. Mean and Standard deviation were calculated for all quantitative variables like age, astigmatism (keratometric reading) and duration of symptoms. Frequency and percentage was calculated for gender and grade of pterygium. P < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Mean age of the patients was 50.07 ± 12.48 years. There were 19 (63.33%) males and 11 (36.67%) females. Preoperative mean astigmatism was 3.70 ± 1.36 and postoperative mean astigmatism was 1.91 ± 0.97. Post-operative mean astigmatism was significantly low as compare to preoperative astigmatism (p = 0.0005).
Conclusion: This study concludes that successful pterygium excision surgery reduces the pterygium induced refractive astigmatism and improves the visual outcome either by reducing the astigmatism or by removal of the pterygium from the visual axis as in Grade IV pterygium.
Co-Relation Between Metabolic Status and Stage of Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients Visiting Mayo Hospital, Lahore
Authors: Gul Umara , Fatima Zahid  , Zehwa Mazhar  , Ubaidullah jan  
Published: September 2022

Purpose: To find out correlation of metabolic status (HbA1c, liver function tests, renal function tests, and hemoglobin (Hb)) with stage of diabetic retinopathy.
Study Design: Observational correlational study.
Place and Duration of Study: Mayo hospital Lahore, from April 2016 to October 2016.
Methods: After approval from the Institutional Review Board of King Edward Medical University,188 patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in any one of their eyes, were enrolled. The mean age of subjects was 54.43 ± 9.17 years. Staging of diabetic retinopathy was done by an ophthalmologist and relevant blood workup was carried out. If a patient had DR in both eyes, the eye in the advanced stage was recorded. Spearman rho (ρ) correlation coefficients were analyzed. The determination coefficient (r2) was also evaluated.
Results: The male-to-female ratio was 1:1. There were 161 (85%) patients with NPDR, 16 (8.5%) had PDR, and 11 (5.8%) had Adevanced diabetic eye disease. Spearman rho correlation of stage of retinopathy with HbA1c, BUN, Serum creatinine, Bilirubin, SGPT, SGOT, ALP, and Hb were -0.20, 0.160, 0.052, 0.008, -0.13, 0.119, 0.294 and -0.61 respectively; showing positive correlation to BUN, Serum creatinine, Bilirubin, SGOT, and Alkaline phosphate, and negative to HbA1c, SGPT, and Hb. The correlation was significant with BUN and ALP; p = 0.03 and p < 0.001 respectively.
Conclusion: Stages of DR showed a positive correlation with BUN, Serum creatinine, Bilirubin, SGOT, and ALP, and negative to HbA1c, SGPT, and Hb. Metabolic state of the diabetic patients should be determined and kept under control while managing diabetic retinopathy.
A Rare Case of Pachydermoperisotosis (PDP) and Its Ocular Manifestations
Authors: Sher Wali Fariha , Abdul Majeed Adnan , Suriho Sajjad Ali 
Published: September 2022

A case of 56 yearsold Pakistani male visited OPD with complaint of thickening of both eyelids, ptosis and left lower lid ectropion caused by rare condition named pachydermoperiostosis (PDP). PDP is a rare autosomal dominant condition but autosomal recessive families probably can also occur. It is manifested by clubbing of digits, hyperhidrosis of palm and feet, peri-ostosis, acro-osteolysis and pachydermia. Ocular features include blepharoptosis, floppy eyelids, eyelid and palpebral conjunctival hypertrophy, mechanical ectropion, meibomian gland dysfunction, tear film abnormalities, punctate epithelial erosions and ocular surface disease. Surgical management was given by full-thickness wedge resection leading to horizontal tightening and this was done along with shortening of levator and its advancement. Histopathology demonstrated chronic non-specific inflammation and foreign body giant cell reaction.
Comparison of Intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide Injection versus Surgical Intervention for Management of Primary Chalazion
Authors: Jahanzaib Hafiz Muhammad , Khan Ijaz , Nazir Fahmina , Khalid Amina , Armoghan Nida 
Published: September 2022

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of intralesional steroid injection versus Incision and curettage in management of primary chalazion.
Study Design: Quasi experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Ophthalmology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, from August 2020 to January 2021.
Methods: Eighty patients were divided into two groups of 40 each through consecutive sampling. Patients with primary chalazion of the size >5mm, age group 18 to 50 years and either gender were included. Patients with recurrent, multiple and infected chalazia were excluded. All patients underwent complete ocular examination. Group A underwent Incision and curettage while in group B a 28 gauge needle with a 1 ml syringe was used to inject 0.25 ml of 40 mg/ml Triamcinolone Acetonide into the chalazion via transcutaneous route. Success was defined as 80% reduction in the size of chalazion after one month. The chi-square test was used for equivalence of treatment efficacy between the groups.
Results: Age range in this study was 18 to 50 years. Mean age was 34.10 ± 5.87 years in Group A and 35.975 ± 7.60 years in Group B. The procedure was successful in 31 (77.5%) individuals in group A and 33 (82.5%) individuals in group B (P = 0.576), which was statistically insignificant. Stratification with respect to gender and age also showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: Intralesional steroid injection and Incision/curettageare equally effective in management of primary chalazion.
SOSIALISASI PELESTARIAN DAN PENGELOLAAN CAGAR BUDAYA DI KOTA PEMATANG SIANTAR
Authors: Saragih Hisarma 
Published: September 2022

The Pematang Siantar city government has issued Regional Regulation number 1 of 2021 concerning the Preservation and Management of Cultural Conservation in the city of Pematang Siantar. Cultural heritage is a cultural heritage that is material in the form of Cultural Conservation Objects, Cultural Conservation Buildings, Cultural Conservation Structures, Cultural Conservation Sites, and Cultural Conservation Areas on land and or in water that need to be preserved because they have important values for history, science, education, religion, and or culture through the determination process.
The purpose of this community service is to explain to participants, namely government employees in the sub-districts of Pematang Siantar city, which are eight sub-districts so that they can know and get provisions to carry out the preservation and management of cultural heritage or suspected cultural heritage in their respective regions.The method used is the lecture method, followed by a question and answer session between the lecturer and the participants. The lecture was conducted by displaying a slide that could show an image of a suspected cultural heritage at the Office of Education and Culture of Pematang Siantar City Jl. Merdeka, Pematang Siantar.
The result achieved in this socialization is that participants consisting of government employees in the sub-district can recognize a number of objects that are suspected of being cultural heritage in their working areas. Sustainability of socialization means that sub-district employees are equipped with abilities, and are able to take action in the effort to preserve and manage cultural heritage, or those suspected of cultural heritage by the community to sub-district employees to be followed up. The mandate of the Pematang Siantar Mayor's Regional Regulation number 1 of 2021 can be applied.
PENINGKATAN EFISIENSI BIAYA MELALUI INTEGRASI CABANG - CABANG USAHA TANI DI NAGORI BOSAR KECAMATAN PANOMBEIAN PANEI
Authors: Marbun Jhonson A , Simanjuntak Romauli , Tambunan Josua , Purba Sri Maya , Pasaribu Freddy 
Published: September 2022

Nagori Negeri Bosar is an agricultural village located around the oil palm plantation of Marjandi plantation. In general, farmers in this village manage dry land with various types of crops, such as corn, peanuts, cassava, and cocoa. In addition, they also raise livestock, pigs in cages or cattle grazing in plantation areas. The management of farming branches is separate from each other, therefore they are not complementary. This is a problem that is trying to be solved through this community service activity. The purpose of this activity is to integrate farming branches managed by farming families so that efficiency occurs through reducing production costs and will further increase family income as well as the welfare of farmer families.
This community service activity is intended to empower farmers, especially through a group approach. Various extension methods were applied, such as lectures, field meetings and the practice of processing farm waste into the next production material/input. The results obtained were fodder silage made from corn straw, peanuts and lamtoro leaves and cow dung compost enriched with cocoa husk and oil palm flower buds. The practice of making silage and compost has worked quite well, but the enthusiasm of farmers is still not good, therefore farmer empowerment programs need to be continued by prioritizing changes in mindset or principles of environmentally friendly and efficient farming management.
La inserción laboral de la mujer en los gobiernos locales
Authors: Escalante Gutiérrez Jenner Benjamín , Idme Condori Walter , Ferro Vásquez Arturo , Lescano Lopez Galia Susana 
Published: September 2022

El objetivo es; Indagar respecto a la “Inserción Laboral De La Mujer En Los Gobiernos Locales”, entendiendo que, a nivel mundial, a nivel de Latinoamérica y en nuestro país existe una desigualdad respecto a equivalencia de oportunidades laborales entre hombres y damas, como también la desigualdad salarial, para ello analizaremos y propondremos aspectos que impiden que exista un equilibrio de igualdad de oportunidades respecto a la contratación de hombres y damas en el espacio laboral.
El enfoque metodológico que se desarrolla es el descriptivo, se empleó el método de análisis documental en base a la revisión de artículos de revistas indexadas.
Aprovechamiento de las TIC en la modalidad de educación a distancia
Authors: Arteaga Velasco Douglas Gustavo 
Published: September 2022

La investigación se enfocó como objetivo analizar artículos sobre el aprovechamiento de las TIC en la modalidad de educación a distancia, empleando la metodología de revisión sistemática para identificar las aproximaciones teóricas; en este sentido, como estrategia de búsqueda de información se consultaron diversos registros de bases de datos como Scielo, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, Redalyc y Scopus en función a las ecuaciones de búsqueda de información y a la estructura de la temática. Inicialmente se consideraron 60 artículos, posterior a su análisis respectivo se valoraron 30 artículos con información acorde con la línea establecida siendo concordante con los resultados obtenidos del análisis crítico y estadístico de la información; asimismo, se observó una relevancia positiva en el manejo de las herramientas tecnológicas de los centros de enseñanza básica y superior que complementan las actividades pedagógicas en bienestar de la comunidad educativa.
Por consiguiente, se evidenció que el aprovechamiento de las TIC como entorno virtual en la educación a distancia incidieron favorablemente en el proceso de aprendizaje mediante el empleo de herramientas tecnológicas digitales de comunicación, fomentando la innovación educativa
Studi Pemanfaatan Data Backscatter Akustik Multibeam Echosounder untuk Identifikasi Objek Dasar Laut (Studi Kasus Perairan Teluk Jakarta)
Authors: Prihantoro Yoga , Manik Henry M. , Adi Anang Prasetia 
Published: September 2022

Survei batimetri memiliki peranan yang penting dalam rangka menyediakan informasi spasial yang diperlukan untuk berbagai keperluan, terutama berkaitan dengan perencanaan, pelaksanaan kegiatan dan pengambilan keputusan dalam kaitannya dengan bidang kelautan. Salah satu peralatan yang digunakan untuk akuisisi data batimetri adalah Multibeam Echosounder. Hasil data yang didapatkan berupa data batimetri dan backscatter. Data backscatter Multibeam Echosounder dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menentukan klasifikasi sedimen dasar laut maupun untuk identifikasi objek dasar laut. Penelitian ini berlokasi di Teluk Jakarta pada area dengan koordinat 5°55’33.20” LS s/d 5° 57’11.38” LS dan 106°48’00.00” BT s/d 106°51’42.75” BT. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder dari Multibeam Echosounder EM302 yang terpasang di KRI Rigel-933. Raw data batimetri diolah menggunakan perangkat lunak Caris Hips and Sips 10.4 dengan koreksi data pasang surut dan sound velocity di area penelitian, menghasilkan base surface batimetri dan mosaic backscatter. Hasil penelitian ini mendapatkan objek di area penelitian berupa kapal karam (wreck) dan dua lajur pipa di dasar laut. Objek pertama berupa kapal karam (wreck) berada pada posisi 5°55’36.58” LS - 106°51’23.39” BT dan kedalaman minimum 15,6 meter. Nilai intensitas yang diperoleh yaitu -17,481 dB s/d -12,083 dB. Objek Pipa 1 berada pada posisi 5°55’31.92” LS – 106°51’17.03” BT sampai dengan 5°57’13.61” LS - 106°49’47.93 BT dengan kedalaman 26,1 meter sampai dengan 30,3 meter. Nilai intensitas objek Pipa 1 -26,38 dB sampai dengan -14,26 dB. Objek Pipa 2 pada posisi 5°56’58.08” LS - 106°47’58.68” BT, kedalaman antara 24,7 meter sampai dengan 26,3 meter. Nilai intensitas Pipa 2 antara -23,99 dB sampai dengan -14,99 dB.
ЗИЯНКЕСТЕРМЕН ӘРТҮРЛІ КҮРЕСУ ЖҮЙЕСІНДЕ КҮТІП-БАПТАЛҒАН АЛМА БАҒЫНДАҒЫ ПАЙДАЛЫ ЖӘНЕ ЗИЯНДЫ ЭНТОМОФАУНА
Authors: Каштасп А. 
Published: September 2022

1996-2004 жж Болгарияда биологиялық , кешенді және химиялық қорғау жағдайында өсірілген алма бақтарының энтомофаунасы жағдайына бақылау шаралары жүргізілді. Биологиялық күрес жүргізілген бақта барлығы 27 туысқа жататын 43 зиянкес тіркелді. Кешенді және химиялық күрес жасалған бақта 35 және 26 түр құрамы тіркелді. Алма жеміс жемірі - Cydia pomonella, Болгариядағы барлық алма бақтарының негізгі зиянкестері болып табылады. IPM бар бақшалардағы тығыздығы жоғары басқа зиянкестер алма егеуіші – Hoplocampa testudinea, тортрицидтік көбелектер және бізтұмсықтар : Phyllobius oblongus, Rhynchites bacchus және R. aequatus. Біте , жапырақ жемірлері, Epicometis hirta және жапырақ кемірушілердің популяциясы кезеңді түрде өсті.4 отряд пен 7 тұқымдасқа жататын барлығы 30 жыртқыш табылды. Қан қызы қоңызы популяцияның ең жоғары тығыздығы және ұсақ зиянкестер санының табиғи реттеушілері ретінде маңызды рөл атқарды.7 Hymenoptera тұқымдасына жататын паразиттер бітелер ,қабыршаққанаттылардың, жапырақ жемірлердің маңызды табиғи реттеушілері болды. Пайдалы жәндіктердің популяциясының тығыздығы IPM бақшасында төмен болды, бірақ олардың зиянкестермен табиғи күресу ретіндегі маңызы жоғары болды.
EDUCAÇÃO DO CAMPO E PEDAGOGIA HISTÓRICO-CRÍTICA: REALIDADE E POSSIBILIDADES
Authors: De Queiroz Selidalva GOnçalves , Taffarel Celi Nelza Zulke , Albuquerque Joelma de Oliveira 
Published: September 2022

No texto, a reflexão filosófica acerca da categoria “possibilidade”, leva em consideração as aproximações realizadas no Curso de Especialização em Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica para as Escolas do Campo da FACED/UFBA, à uma teoria pedagógica marxista, adensada a partir dos estudos sobre a teoria do desenvolvimento Histórico Cultural, que vem sendo desenvolvida no Brasil há 40 anos. A possibilidade de transformar em realidade a Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica está vinculada à existência da Educação do/no Campo, e das escolas do/no campo. Os dados educacionais demonstram o violento ataque à educação pública, promovido pela política ultra neoliberal, pelo Estado de exceção, o que requer a resistência ativa, que implica na capacidade de reflexão crítica, de ação coletiva, de proposições superadoras das contradições, assumindo-se enquanto classe, tarefas, táticas e estratégias que superem o capitalismo e sua lógica destrutiva.

Palavras-Chaves: Educação do/no Campo. Escola do/no Campo. Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica.
Formation of Moons and Equatorial Ridge around Top-shaped Asteroids after Surface Landslide
Authors: Hyodo Ryuki , Sugiura Keisuke 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Top-shaped asteroids have been observed among near-Earth asteroids. About half of them are reported to have moons (on the order of ∼1 wt.% of the top-shaped primary) and many of them have an equatorial ridge. A recent study has shown that the enigmatic top-shaped figure of asteroids (e.g., Ryugu, Bennu, and Didymos) could result from an axisymmetric landslide of the primary during a fast spin-up near the breakup rotation period. Such a landslide would inevitably form a particulate disk around an asteroid with a short timescale (∼3 hr). However, the long-term full dynamical evolution is not investigated. Here, we perform a continuous simulation (∼700 hr) that investigates the sequence of events from the surface landslide that forms a top-shaped asteroid and a particulate disk to disk evolution. We show that the disk quickly spreads and produces moons (within ∼300 hr). The mass of the formed moon is consistent with what is observed around the top-shaped asteroids. We also demonstrate that an equatorial ridge is naturally formed because a fraction of the disk particles re-accretes selectively onto the equatorial region of the primary. We envision that Ryugu and Bennu could once have an ancient moon that was later lost due to a successive moon’s orbital evolution. Alternatively, at a top-shaped asteroid that has a moon, such as Didymos, no significant orbital evolution of the moon has occurred that would result in its loss. Our study would also be qualitatively applicable to any rubble-pile asteroids near the breakup rotation period.
Le roi Hérode
Authors: Parmentier Édith 
Published: September 2022

La réputation détestable d’Hérode n’est plus à faire : tyran infanticide pour les chrétiens qui l’ont immortalisé dans le massacre des Saints Innocents, roi étranger haï de son peuple d’après la tradition juive, dynaste exotique méprisé par l’opinion selon l’historiographie romaine… L’interférence constante du religieux dans le discours historique a fabriqué une légende noire où se reflète l’ombre monstrueuse des dictateurs modernes. Pourtant, les images stéréotypées qui s’accumulent, cristallisant sur Hérode de multiples représentations collectives, s’imbriquent les unes dans les autres sans jamais convaincre tout à fait.Ce livre entreprend de déconstruire la légende en mobilisant toutes les sources disponibles, en proposant une relecture intertextuelle des documents, en contextualisant les rumeurs dans leur environnement réel et en interprétant les textes à la lumière des données concrètes révélées par l’archéologie.Loin de régner depuis la tanière d’un tyran dans un paysage confus de crime et de châtiment, Hérode se révèle comme un roi qui eut ses partisans à Jérusalem autant que ses adversaires, comme un grand bâtisseur qui modernisa son royaume, comme un pionnier qui fit fleurir le désert de Judée. Son règne inaugura une fusion entre les apports de l’hellénisme, de la Rome impériale et des cultures juive et arabe, dont la continuité est caractéristique du Proche-Orient antique.
Peculiarities of Market Analysis in the Retrospective Period in Solving the Problem of Preventing Violations of Antimonopoly Legislation
Authors: Sidorov D. V. 
Published: September 2022

The author analyzes the provisions of the Procedure for analyzing the state of competition in the commodity market, approved by order of the FAS of Russia dated 28.04.2010 No. 220, and comes to the conclusion that, that in accordance with the Procedure for Market Analysis Methods in retrospective and prospective periods do not differ from each other, despite the fact that the market in the retrospective period is characterized by actual indicators, and the market indicators of the prospective period should include forecast elements. In essence, these are different markets with different structures and prices. Failure to take into account the specifics of these markets, in particular, the requirement of the Procedure on the application of the hypothetical monopolist test in the analysis of the retrospective period market, leads to a decrease in the level of validity of the analysis and does not meet the requirement of irrefutability, arising from the rule of Part 4 of Art. 45.1 of the Law on Protection of Competition, according to which the results of the analysis of the state of competition conducted in order, established by the federal antimonopoly authority, refer to written evidence in the case.The author concludes that it is necessary to make changes and additions to the Procedure that reflect the specifics of market analysis in the retrospective period.