bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute valvular emergencies
Authors: Bernard Samuel , Deferm Sebastien , Bertrand Philippe B 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Acute valvular emergencies represent an important cause of cardiogenic shock. However, their clinical presentation and initial diagnostic testing are often non-specific, resulting in delayed diagnosis. Moreover, metabolic disarray or haemodynamic instability may result in too great a risk for emergent surgery. This review will focus on the aetiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, and treatment options for patients presenting with native acute left-sided valvular emergencies. In addition to surgery, options for medical therapy, mechanical circulatory support, and novel percutaneous interventions are discussed.
Impact of cancer diagnosis on distribution and trends of cardiovascular hospitalizations in the USA between 2004 and 2017
Authors: Kobo Ofer , Raisi-Estabragh Zahra , Gevaert Sofie , Rana Jamal S , Van Spall Harriette G C , Roguin Ariel , Petersen Steffen E , Ky Bonnie , Mamas Mamas A 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background and aims
There is limited data on temporal trends of cardiovascular hospitalizations and outcomes amongst cancer patients. We describe the distribution, trends of admissions, and in-hospital mortality associated with key cardiovascular diseases among cancer patients in the USA between 2004 and 2017.

Methods
Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample we, identified admissions with five cardiovascular diseases of interest: acute myocardial infarction (AMI), pulmonary embolism (PE), ischaemic stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation (AF) or atrial flutter, and intracranial haemorrhage. Patients were stratified by cancer status and type. We estimated crude annual rates of hospitalizations and annual in-hospital all-cause mortality rates.

Results
From &gt;42.5 million hospitalizations with a primary cardiovascular diagnosis, 1.9 million (4.5%) had a concurrent record of cancer. Between 2004 and 2017, cardiovascular admission rates increased by 23.2% in patients with cancer, whilst decreasing by 10.9% in patients without cancer. The admission rate increased among cancer patients across all admission causes and cancer types except prostate cancer. Patients with haematological (9.7–13.5), lung (7.4–8.9), and GI cancer (4.6–6.3) had the highest crude rates of cardiovascular hospitalizations per 100 000 US population. Heart failure was the most common reason for cardiovascular admission in patients across all cancer types, except GI cancer (crude admission rates of 13.6–16.6 per 100 000 US population for patients with cancer).

Conclusions
In contrast to declining trends in patients without cancer, primary cardiovascular admissions in patients with cancer is increasing. The highest admission rates are in patients with haematological cancer, and the most common cause of admission is heart failure.
Thinking with Spirits, or Dwelling and Knowing in the Work of Aimé Césaire
Authors: Allen-Paisant Jason 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article discusses Aimé Césaire’s ethical commitment to more-than-human existence. The intention is not to read Césaire as an ‘eco-poet’, or through the lens of contemporary ‘eco-poetics’, terms which might not have meant much to him in the period from the 1930s to the 1950s, when his poetic project took shape. Even if we may today read Césaire’s poetry in the light of contemporary eco-poetic and eco-philosophical thought, this article is more concerned with examining in his work a set of epistemological viewpoints that take shape around poetry and which reveal the essence of an ethical position concerning the human’s relationship to the natural world. These ethical questions are central to Césaire’s understanding of what Négritude was to be, and, more broadly, to his critique of imperialism and colonialism. The article therefore shows how Césaire’s poetics of creativity and ethics in relation to non-human life develops in interaction with history. If the idea of poetry as possession is the glue that connects all of these ideas, it is because it shows the way they are animated by an African ‘animist’ sensibility that unites the sacred and the secular and intertwines mind and thought with nature.
Cancer as a death sentence: developing an initial program theory for an IVR intervention
Authors: Ilozumba Onaedo , Kabukye Johnblack , de Keizer Nicolet , Cornet Ronald , Broerse Jacqueline E W 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
To address current trends in poor health-seeking behaviour and late cancer diagnosis in many low- and middle-income countries, like Uganda, it is important to explore innovative awareness building interventions. One possible intervention is a common digital format, an interactive voice response (IVR) system, which is suitable for individuals with low technological and reading literacy. It is increasingly acknowledged that developing digital interventions requires co-creation with relevant stakeholders and explication of program developers’ assumptions, to make them effective, sustainable, and scalable. To this end, we sought to develop an initial program theory for a co-created IVR system for cancer awareness in Uganda. Utilising principles of the realist approach, a qualitative exploratory study was conducted through seven focus group discussions (FGDs) with people living with cancer (PLWC), health workers, and policy makers. Thematic analysis of the transcripts resulted in the emergence of four major themes. Through all themes the most consistent finding was that myths, misconceptions, and misinformation about cancer were related to every aspect of the cancer journey and influenced the experiences and lives of PLWC and their caregivers. Participants were positive about the potential of an IVR system but also had reservations about the design and reach of the system. The resulting initial program theory proposes that a context-specific IVR system has the potential to improve awareness on cancer, provided attention is given to aspects such as language, message framing, and accuracy.
Identifying transcription factor–DNA interactions using machine learning
Authors: Bang Sohyun , Galli Mary , Crisp Peter A , Gallavotti Andrea , Schmitz Robert J 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Machine learning approaches have been applied to identify transcription factor (TF)–DNA interaction important for gene regulation and expression. However, due to the enormous search space of the genome, it is challenging to build models capable of surveying entire reference genomes, especially in species where models were not trained. In this study, we surveyed a variety of methods for classification of epigenomics data in an attempt to improve the detection for 12 members of the auxin response factor (ARF)-binding DNAs from maize and soybean as assessed by DNA Affinity Purification and sequencing (DAP-seq). We used the classification for prediction by minimizing the genome search space by only surveying unmethylated regions (UMRs). For identification of DAP-seq-binding events within the UMRs, we achieved 78.72 % accuracy rate across 12 members of ARFs of maize on average by encoding DNA with count vectorization for k-mer with a logistic regression classifier with up-sampling and feature selection. Importantly, feature selection helps to uncover known and potentially novel ARF-binding motifs. This demonstrates an independent method for identification of TF-binding sites. Finally, we tested the model built with maize DAP-seq data and applied it directly to the soybean genome and found high false-negative rates, which accounted for more than 40 % across the ARF TFs tested. The findings in this study suggest the potential use of various methods to predict TF–DNA interactions within and between species with varying degrees of success.
Violent Interference: Structural Violence, Quantum International Relations, and the Ethics of Entanglement
Authors: Murphy Michael P A 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Despite frequent reference in both academic and activist contexts, the concept of structural violence still poses a challenge for many ontological, epistemological, and political perspectives. While the ethical stakes of physical violence are generally accessible, conceptual barriers limit the ability to explore the important ethical dimensions of structural violence. Inspired by recent interventions into “quantum international relations,” I argue that the difficulty of understanding structural violence is because conventional social science abides a Newtonian physical imaginary. Drawing on Karen Barad's philosophical methodology of “diffractive reading,” I re-read Johan Galtung's landmark article Violence, Peace, and Peace Research through a critical quantum social–theoretic lens. Identifying key quantum-like elements of Galtung's theory of structural violence allows for a process of “quantizing by translation,” where quantum-like concepts are freed from the constraints of Newtonian social science. By approaching structural violence as a quantum-like social phenomenon, homologous to the concept of destructive interference, we gain an important conceptual model. In instances of structural violence, entangled social wavefunctions of social structures interfere destructively with constituent individuals and groups by limiting the spectrum of future potentialities. Conversely, structural privilege describes the constructive interference of those same social structures extending the spectrum of future potentialities for other constituent individuals and groups. To account for multiple and intersecting elements of identity and social standing, intersectional accounts of structural violence recognize the complex interaction of constructive and destructive interferences at play in delimiting spectra of future potentialities.
Effect of combined maternal and post-hatch dietary 25-hydroxycholecalciferol supplementation on broiler chicken Pectoralis major muscle growth characteristics and satellite cell mitotic activity
Authors: Avila Luis P , Leiva Samuel F , Abascal-Ponciano Gerardo A , Flees Joshua J , Sweeney Kelly M , Wilson Jeanna L , Meloche Kathryn J , Turner Bradley J , Litta Gilberto , Waguespack-Levy April M , Pokoo-Aikins Anthony , Starkey Charles W , Starkey Jessica D 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Skeletal muscle growth is largely dependent on the proliferation and differentiation of muscle-specific stem cells known as satellite cells (SC). Previous work has shown that dietary inclusion of the vitamin D3 metabolite, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25OHD3), also called calcidiol, can promote skeletal muscle growth in post-hatch broiler chickens. Improving vitamin D status of broiler breeder hens by feeding 25OHD3 in addition to vitamin D3 has also been shown to positively impact progeny. Yet, whether combined pre- and post-hatch supplementation with 25OHD3 produces an additive or synergistic SC-mediated, skeletal muscle growth response remains unanswered. To evaluate the effect of combined maternal and post-hatch dietary 25OHD3 supplementation on the growth and SC mitotic activity of the Pectoralis major (PM) muscles in broiler chickens, a randomized complete block design experiment with the main effects of maternal diet (MDIET) and post-hatch diet (PDIET) arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial treatment structure was conducted. From 25 to 36 wk of age, broiler breeder hens were fed 1 of 2 MDIET formulated to provide 5,000 IU D3 (MCTL) or 2,240 IU of D3 + 2,760 IU of 25OHD3 per kg of feed (M25OHD3). Their male broiler chick offspring (n = 400) hatched from eggs collected from 35 to 36 wk of age were reared in raised floor pens. Broilers were fed 1 of 2 PDIET formulated to provide 5,000 IU of D3 per kg of feed (PCTL) or 2,240 IU of D3 + 2,760 IU of 25OHD3 per kg of feed (P25OHD3). Muscle was collected at days 4, 8, 15, 22, and 29 and stored until immunofluorescence analysis. Data were analyzed as a 2-way ANOVA with SAS GLIMMIX. Dietary 25OHD3 was effectively transferred from hen plasma to egg yolks (P = 0.002) and to broiler progeny plasma (days 4 to 22; P ≤ 0.044). Including 25OHD3 in either MDIET or PDIET altered PM hypertrophic growth prior to day 29 (P ≥ 0.001) and tended to reduce Wooden Breast severity (P ≤ 0.089). Mitotic SC populations were increased in PM of MCTL:P25OHD3 and M25OHD:PCTL-fed broilers at d 4 (P = 0.037). At d 8, the PM mitotic SC populations were increased 33% by P25OHD3 (P = 0.054). The results of this study reveal that combined maternal and post-hatch 25OHD3 supplementation does not produce additive or synergistic effects on SC-mediated broiler muscle growth. However, vitamin D status improvement through dietary 25OHD3 inclusion in either the maternal or post-hatch diet stimulated broiler breast muscle growth by increasing proliferating SC populations.
Association of Pre-procedural Anxiety With Procedure-Related Pain During Outpatient Pediatric Burn Care: A Pilot Study
Authors: Vest Eurella , Armstrong Megan , Olbrecht Vanessa A , Thakkar Rajan K , Fabia Renata B , Groner Jonathan I , Noffsinger Dana , Tram Nguyen K , Xiang Henry 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The relationship between preprocedural anxiety and pain is not clear but has the potential to change the way pediatric patients need to be cared for prior to burn procedures. Using results from our recent randomized clinical trial among outpatient burn patients (n = 90) aged 6–17 years, the objective of this subsequent analysis was to assess whether preprocedural anxiety was associated with self-reported and researcher-observed pain scores. Anxiety before the dressing change was assessed using an abbreviated State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (range 6–21) and reported with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Self-reported pain was reported using a Visual Analog Scale (range 0–100) and observed pain was assessed using the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability-revised scale. Over half of patients (58.9%) reported mild anxiety (score &lt; 12) and about 5% of patients reported severe anxiety (score &gt; 16). Younger children (6–8 years) reported higher anxiety scores than older children (15–17 years), but the difference did not achieve statistical significance (mean = 12.7, 95% CI: 11.5 to 13.9, P = .09). Nonparametric spearman correlation indicated that anxiety score was significantly correlated with observed pain (P = .01) and self-reported overall pain neared statistical significance (P = .06). In the final logistic regression of reporting moderate-to-severe pain (pain score &gt; 30), the association between anxiety scores and self-reported overall moderate-to-severe pain was statistically significant (P = .03) when adjusting for race, healing degree, and pain medication use within 6 hr prior to burn dressing care. This pilot study provides preliminary data showing that anxiety before outpatient pediatric burn dressing changes is significantly associated with self-reported overall moderate-to-severe pain.
Long-term wellbeing and neurocognitive functioning of diffuse low-grade glioma patients and their caregivers: A longitudinal study spanning two decades
Authors: Boele Florien W , den Otter Patricia W M , Reijneveld Jaap C , de Witt Hamer Philip C , van Thuijl Hinke F , Lorenz Linda M C , Wesseling Pieter , Lagerwaard Frank J , Taphoorn Martin J B , Kouwenhoven Mathilde C M , Snijders Tom J , Douw Linda , Klein Martin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
While patients with diffuse low-grade glioma (LGG) often survive for years, there is a risk of tumor progression which may impact patients’ long-term health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and neurocognitive functioning (NCF). We present a follow-up of LGG patients and their informal caregivers (T3) who took part in our previous HRQOL investigations (T1, M = 7 and T2 M = 13 years after diagnosis).

Methods
Participants completed HRQOL (short form-36 health survey [SF-36]; EORTC-BN20), fatigue (Checklist Individual Strength [CIS]), and depression (Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression [CES-D]) questionnaires and underwent NCF assessments. T3 scores were compared with matched controls. Changes over time (T1–T2–T3) on group and participant level were assessed. Where available, histology of the initial tumor was revised and immunohistochemical staining for IDH1 R132H mutant protein was performed.

Results
Thirty patients and nineteen caregivers participated. Of N = 11 with tissue available, 3 patients had confirmed diffuse LGG. At T3, patients (M = 26 years after diagnosis) had HRQOL and NCF similar to, or better than controls, yet 23.3% and 53.3% scored above the cut-off for depression (≥16 CES-D) and fatigue (≥35 CIS), respectively. Caregivers’ HRQOL was similar to controls but reported high rates of fatigue (63.2%). Over time, patients’ mental health improved (P &lt; .05). Minimal detectable change in HRQOL over time was observed in individual patients (30% improvement; 23.3% decline; 20% both improvement and decline) with 23.3% remaining stable. NCF remained stable or improved in 82.8% of patients.

Conclusions
While HRQOL and NCF do not appear greatly impacted during long-term survivorship in LGG, depressive symptoms and fatigue are persistent.
EANO - EURACAN - SNO Guidelines on circumscribed astrocytic gliomas, glioneuronal, and neuronal tumors
Authors: Rudà Roberta , Capper David , Waldman Adam D , Pallud Johan , Minniti Giuseppe , Kaley Thomas J , Bouffet Eric , Tabatabai Ghazaleh , Aronica Eleonora , Jakola Asgeir S , Pfister Stefan M , Schiff David , Lassman Andrew B , Solomon David A , Soffietti Riccardo , Weller Michael , Preusser Matthias , Idbaih Ahmed , Wen Patrick Y , van den Bent Martin J 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the new WHO 2021 Classification of CNS Tumors the chapter “Circumscribed astrocytic gliomas, glioneuronal and neuronal tumors” encompasses several different rare tumor entities, which occur more frequently in children, adolescents, and young adults. The Task Force has reviewed the evidence of diagnostic and therapeutic interventions, which is low particularly for adult patients, and draw recommendations accordingly. Tumor diagnosis, based on WHO 2021, is primarily performed using conventional histological techniques; however, a molecular workup is important for differential diagnosis, in particular, DNA methylation profiling for the definitive classification of histologically unresolved cases. Molecular factors are increasing of prognostic and predictive importance. MRI finding are non-specific, but for some tumors are characteristic and suggestive. Gross total resection, when feasible, is the most important treatment in terms of prolonging survival and achieving long-term seizure control. Conformal radiotherapy should be considered in grade 3 and incompletely resected grade 2 tumors. In recurrent tumors reoperation and radiotherapy, including stereotactic radiotherapy, can be useful. Targeted therapies may be used in selected patients: BRAF and MEK inhibitors in pilocytic astrocytomas, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas, and gangliogliomas when BRAF altered, and mTOR inhibitor everolimus in subependymal giant cells astrocytomas. Sequencing to identify molecular targets is advocated for diagnostic clarification and to direct potential targeted therapies.
Sleep characterization with smart wearable devices: a call for standardization and consensus recommendations
Authors: Baumert Mathias , Cowie Martin R , Redline Susan , Mehra Reena , Arzt Michael , Pépin Jean-Louis , Linz Dominik 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The general public increasingly adopts smart wearable devices to quantify sleep characteristics and dedicated devices for sleep assessment. The rapid evolution of technology has outpaced the ability to implement validation approaches and demonstrate relevant clinical applicability. There are untapped opportunities to validate and refine consumer devices in partnership with scientists in academic institutions, patients, and the private sector to allow effective integration into clinical management pathways and facilitate trust in adoption once reliability and validity have been demonstrated. We call for the formation of a working group involving stakeholders from academia, clinical care and industry to develop clear professional recommendations to facilitate appropriate and optimized clinical utilization of such technologies.
Defining Opioid-related Problems Using a Health Care Safety Net Institution’s Inpatient Electronic Health Records: Limitations of Diagnosis-based Definitions
Authors: Arifkhanova Aziza , Prieto José Tomás , Davidson Arthur J. , Al-Tayyib Alia , Hawkins Ethan , Kraus Emily , McEwen Dean , Podewils Laura Jean , Foldy Seth , Gillespie Elizabeth , Taub Julie , Shlay Judith C. 
Published: August 2022

Background
Measuring clinically relevant opioid-related problems in health care systems is challenging due to the lack of standard definitions and coding practices. Well-defined, opioid-related health problems (ORHPs) would improve prevalence estimates and evaluation of clinical interventions, crisis response, and prevention activities. We sought to estimate prevalence of opioid use disorder (OUD), opioid misuse, and opioid poisoning among inpatients at a large, safety net, health care institution.

Methods
Our study included events documented in the electronic health records (EHRs) among hospitalized patients at Denver Health Medical Center during January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018. Multiple EHR markers (ie, opioid-related diagnostic codes, clinical assessment, laboratory results, and free-text documentation) were used to develop diagnosis-based and extended definitions for OUD, opioid misuse, and opioid poisoning. We used these definitions to estimate number of hospitalized patients with these conditions.

Results
During a 2-year study period, 715 unique patients were identified solely using opioid-related diagnostic codes; OUD codes accounted for the largest proportion (499/715, 69.8%). Extended definitions identified an additional 973 unique patients (~136% increase), which includes 155/973 (15.9%) who were identified by a clinical assessment marker, 1/973 (0.1%) by a laboratory test marker, and 817/973 (84.0%) by a clinical documentation marker.

Conclusions
Solely using diagnostic codes to estimate prevalence of clinically relevant ORHPs missed most patients with ORHPs. More inclusive estimates were generated using additional EHR markers. Improved methods to estimate ORHPs among a health care system’s patients would more fully estimate organizational and economic burden to more efficiently allocate resources and ensure capacity to provide clinical services.