bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Venlafaxine-induced spontaneous ejaculation: Case report and literature review
Authors: Gundogmus I. , Tekin S. , Tasci A.B. , Uzun Ö. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionVenlafaxine is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor and its extensive use for major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders. Although it has been reported that venlafaxine may have various side effects, as far as we know, spontaneous ejaculation(SE) has not been reported yet.ObjectivesWe aim to describe this clinical case with venlafaxine-induced SE and to discuss the possible etiological factors.MethodsCase report and literature review.ResultsA 53-year-old male with generalized anxiety disorder was initiated venlafaxine treatment with 75 mg/day. After two months patient’s complaints partially regressed and the dose of venlafaxine treatment was increased to 150 mg/day. 10 days after the dose increase, the patient applied with the complaint of SE 2-3 times a day. No urological etiology was found. During outpatient follow-ups, after the 5 days from reducing the daily dose to 75 mg/day, SE complaint completely regressed. After following couple of months, the patient by himself, increased the dose of venlafaxine to 150 mg/day without consulting a psychiatrist. Then SE recurred approximately 15 days later. Venlafaxine treatment dose was reduced again to 75 mg/day and urological complaints spontaneously regressed.ConclusionsSE, a rare sexual side effect, represents ejaculation that occurs involuntarily and in the absence of any sexual stimuli. The possible mechanism of SE, detected as a side effect in our case, may be that increased adrenergic activity reduces ejaculatory latency and triggers spontaneous ejaculation. Antidepressant-associated sexual dysfunction could be a dose-dependent adverse event. Therefore, reducing the dosage of the treatment to a minimum effective dose could be an option.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Clinical relevance of Paliperidone Palmitate three-month intramuscular injection formulation: an Italian Real-World, Retrospective, one-year Mirror Image Study
Authors: Vanzetto S. , Cirnigliaro G. , Battini V. , Piccoli E. , Vismara M. , Viganò C. , Dell’Osso B. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPaliperidone Palmitate 3-month (PP3M) formulation, introduced in Italy since 2017, is an effective and safety therapeutic option for patients with schizophrenia, clinically stable with 1-month formulation (PP1M). Only a few “Real World” studies investigated the clinical relevance of PP3M and the long-term clinical and health resource utilization outcomes.ObjectivesThe aim of this retrospective, mirror image study was to evaluate the efficacy of PP3M in terms of continuity of care and number of hospitalizations.MethodsFifty outpatients treated with Paliperidone Palmitate (PP) were recruited from a Community Mental Health Centre (CMHC) in Milan. Statistical analysis were conducted with SPSS 26. Frequencies of hospitalization 6 months before and after the start of PP3M were compared using the McNemar test, setting the significance to p<0.05.ResultsThis study involved 34 patients (68%) treated with PP1M and 16 (32%) treated with PP3M.The median time interval between PP1M and PP3M was 14 months. After the switch to PP3M, 69% of patients continued to visit the CMHC with an unchanged frequency (50% once/month, 6% more than once/month), while 31% with a decreased frequency (once/3 months). No patient increased the frequency of CMHC visits or started visiting it discontinuously. 44% of subjects had had at least one hospitalization prior to the switch and no hospitalizations after (p=0.016). Moreover, no patients showed increased hospitalizationsConclusionsIn this study PP3M clinical relevance was confirmed comparing pre-initiation and post-initiation 6-months time intervals: hospitalizations number significantly decreased, while the continuity of care was preserved. Further studies on a greater sample are necessary to support these preliminary data.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Efficacy and tolerability of brexpiprazole in patients with psychotic and mood disorders: a pilot study
Authors: Civardi S.C. , Bassetti N. , Arienti V. , Besana F. , Politi P. , Brondino N. , Olivola M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionBrexpiprazole is a novel antipsychotic drug. It exerts antagonistic activity at the serotonin 5HT2A, 5HT2B, 5HT7 and noradrenaline alpha 1b/2c receptors; it also acts as partial agonist of serotonin 5HT1 and dopamine D2, D3 receptors. Brexpiprazole is approved for the treatment of schizophrenia and as an add-on therapy for major depression.ObjectivesThis pilot study aims at exploring efficacy and tolerability of Brexpiprazole in a small sample of patients diagnosed with either a psychotic or a mood disorder.MethodsThis observational study was conducted at our Acute Psychiatric Inpatient Unit. We included 7 patients (5 males, 2 females) hospitalized between 2020 and 2021, diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders or mood disorders with psychotic symptoms confirmed by Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Patients who participated signed an informed consent. Information concerning diagnosis, demographic characteristics (age, sex, education, marital status) and pharmacological therapy were collected examining clinical records. The average lenght of hospitalization was 13.4 days. Psychopathology was assessed by means of the PANSS and the severity of the illness was evaluated with CGI severity scale (CGI-S), both on admission and discharge. We also administered the UKU scale to evaluate the tolerability profile.Results.Results can be seen in figures 1, 2, 3ConclusionsOur study found a significant improvement in both positive and negative symptoms, with good tolerability. Limitations of our study are: small sample size and limited period of observation. These premises suggest that further research is needed in order to elucidate the exact mechanisms underlying Brexpiprazole’s action and the possible implication in mood disorders.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Frailty in Secure Forensic Mental Health Settings: A Study from Dundrum Hospital, Ireland
Authors: Murphy F. , Mcloughlin A. , Butler A. , Davoren M. , Kennedy H. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionFrailty is defined as a clinical syndrome that encompasses a combination of decreased physiological reserve and low resistance to stressors. There is an association between mental illness and frailty among elderly cohorts. Frailty is also associated with obesity and smoking. There are high rates of treatment resistant schizophrenia among patients in secure forensic services. Patients with schizophrenia have high rates of morbidity and early mortality.ObjectivesThe primary aim of this study was to examine the rates of frailty present in a complete cohort of forensic in-patients.MethodsAn assessment using Fried Frailty criteria was offered to all in-patients (n=95) in Ireland’s National Forensic Service, which included measures of walking speed, grip strength, low physical activity and exhaustion. Demographic details and details pertaining to diagnoses and medications were also gathered.ResultsOf the 95 in-patients, 92 patients agreed to participate. The majority were male (89%). The most common diagnosis was schizophrenia (71.7%). Mean age was 44.7 years (SD 11.42), and 58.2% met criteria for obesity. Of the total group, 47 patients met criteria for ‘pre-frail’ and 10 met criteria for ‘frail’ using Fried criteria.ConclusionsThis is the first study examining frailty in a cohort of patients in secure forensic settings. We found high rates of patients meeting frailty criteria at very young ages. Rates of frailty in this group were comparable to those found amongst elders in community settings. We consider this demonstrates significant medical vulnerability in this patient group.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Family involvement in forensic psychiatric care: a professionals’ perspective
Authors: Rowaert S. , Vandevelde S. , Lemmens G. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionResearch shows that family members of forensic patients often have the feeling not to be sufficiently involved in the treatment and care trajectories of their relative. Also professionals indicate to encounter several barriers to involve family members, including lack of time and skills, organizational barriers and meddling family members.ObjectivesThis study aimed to map professionals’ reflections on family involvement in forensic psychiatric care. The research questions related to how professionals experience family involvement in forensic care and what needs to change in the future? A specific focus is placed on changes in their perspective over time.MethodsFindings of focus groups administered in 2015 with professionals working in forensic psychiatric care were supplemented with interview data collected in 2021.ResultsThe results show that there are several differences in how professionals experience and look at family involvement in forensic psychiatric care. Where in 2015 the question often was raised about what can be done as a professional for family members, professionals now more refer to the added value of family involvement for both the forensic patient and his/her care trajectory.ConclusionsThe past six years, there seemed to be an evolution in how professionals experience the involvement of family members in forensic psychiatric care, that is increasingly perceived as valuable. Yet, the professionals indicated that challenges remain regarding professional confidentiality and shared decision making.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Arson and Schizophrenia: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Gill G. , Rothman S. , Yadav G. , Riess P. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionFiresetting is a behavior, arson is a crime, and pyromania is a psychiatric diagnosis. Arson is a criminal act in which a person or group of persons willing fully and maliciously sets fire or aid in firesetting to cause harm to property, people, and infrastructure. The likelihood of an arson offender having schizophrenia is 20 times greater than that in the general population. Here, we describe the case of a male in his 50’s, a first-time arsonist, who suffered from schizophrenia since his late teens prior to the onset of random firesetting behavior.ObjectivesTo understand the association between Arson and Schizophrenia.MethodsA case report, as well as a review of the literature, was conducted.ResultsThe patient is a male in his 50’s carrying a diagnosis of Schizophrenia with over 50 inpatient hospitalizations. He was observed standing on the threshold of a neighbor’s apartments where he allegedly set fire to a pile of clothing. These charges are based upon allegations that he attempted to set fire to a 14-storey apartment building. At the time of his assessment, he was floridly psychotic. He was found not fit to stand trial. He was restarted on Clozapine and Depakote which is the medication he had the most success with.ConclusionsLiterature shows that Arson and firesetting behaviors are quite commonly seen in patients with mental disorders. Arson often has sequelae that negatively impact the community. The strong correlation between firesetting behavior and mental disorders needs extensive, detailed collaboration between psychiatry, legal expertise, and fire services.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Disentangling early and late onset of psychosis in women
Authors: Díaz-Pons A. , González-Rodríguez A. , Ortiz-García De La Foz V. , Seeman M. , Facorro C. , Ayesa-Arriola R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionWomen present a second peak of incidence of psychosis during menopausal transition, partially explained by the loss of estrogen protection conferred during the reproductive years. Despite this, few studies compare sociodemographic, biological, clinical varibles and neurocognitive performance between women with early onset of psychosis (EOP) and those with late onset of psychosis (LOP).ObjectivesOur aim was to characterize both groups in a large sample of women, of which 294 were FEP patients (EOP = 205; LOP = 85) and 202 were healthy controls (HC) grouped following cutoff point (<>40 years of age) in previous studies.MethodsClinical and laboratory assessments were completed. Neurocognitive performance was also evaluated, and a cognitive global deficit score (GDS) was derived. ANCOVA was used for comparisons.ResultsEOP women were more frequently single and unemployed than comparable HC. Cholesterol levels in LOP women were higher than those of EOP women. LOP presented less severe symptoms, and higher scores in processing speed and premorbid IQ than EOP patients. Cannabis and alcohol use were also more frequent in EOP than LOP women.ConclusionsWomen with EOP and LOP show several sociodemographic, neuropsychological and clinical differences which may be valuable for planning personalized treatment emphasizing in socialization and differential generational dynamics. Some of these differences may be due to the aging process, while others might be influenced by factors such as lack of estrogen neuroprotection. In turn, drug consumption, low IQ and recent experienced trauma could as well reduce efficacy of hormonal neuroprotection.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Frequency of clinical appointments in subjects with emergent suicidal ideation
Authors: Qian J. , Yasmin N. , Deluca V. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSchizophrenia is a psychotic disorder strongly associated with suicidal behaviour up to 20-50 times higher than those in the general population. However, treatments from primary healthcare workers and mental health specialists may improve daily function and increase recovery.ObjectivesOur study aims to investigate if the frequency of interactions with healthcare specialists affects suicidal ideation for patients with schizophrenia.Methods84 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorder were recruited from the Centre of Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) in Toronto, Canada. Patient medical charts were reviewed to determine the number of therapeutic interactions in two periods: up to three months from baseline, and retrospectively 3 months before baseline.Results19 patients with worsening suicidal ideation had an average of 5.1 more visits following baseline (SD = 6.94), compared to 64 patients with non-emergent SI had 12.0 more visits following baseline (SD = 18.8).ConclusionsPatients with worsening suicidal ideation had fewer visits from healthcare professionals as compared to those without worsening suicidal ideation. However, further research is necessary to determine the correlation between healthcare visits and suicidal ideation in this population.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Naming ang Comprehension Features in Language of Schizophrenia Adolescents. Nouns and Verbs Task
Authors: Shvedovskiy E. , Zvereva N. , Balakireva E. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionNaming and comprehension are standing amog the basic language functions, which allow individuals to realize the communication domain of language. Naming and comprehension imparements are well-studied (Sebastian et al., 2018) in most affected patient groups (for example aphasia patients), but at the same time schizophrenia process may cause it’s specific language disorders (Andreasen et al., 1985). Adolescent age is a very sensitive period in the context of beginning of schizophrenia.ObjectivesThe purpose of present study was to identify which language imparement (naming or comprehension) is the most affected in adolescent non-psychotic schizophrenia in this age. Also, authors were aimed at the check of selected tool sensitivness to schizophrenia patientsMethodsSubjects of present study were patients with schizophrenia of Moscow psychiatry clinic (n=20, mean age=14,4), subdivided by DS (F20.xx, F21.xx) and syndromes (national Russian psychiatric subdivision inside the DS). All DS and syndromes were additionally qualified by the clinical professional. Following methods were used: medical history analysis (expert diagnosisqualification, syndromic analysis), Test “Quantative Language Assessment in Aphasia” (QLAA) (Tsvetkova et al., 1981), statistical analysis. QLAA consists from the 4 subtests: naming of objects (NO), actions (NA); comprehension of objects (CO), actions (CA). Answers were quantified by the 3-mark scale (0-0,5-1).ResultsMean QLAA NO = 14,5; NA = 14,5; CO = 16; CA = 19. Ingroup comparison using U-criteria showed that differences between NO and CA are the most significant (p<0.05). Differences in all other pairs are not so significant.Conclusionslanguage comprehension is studied group of adolescent patients with schizophrenia is the most affected language domainDisclosureNo significant relationships.
Focus on neuroenhancement: a systematic review and its ethical implications
Authors: Massa L. , Palermo S. , Ivaldi T. , Della Vecchia A. , Mucci F. , Marazziti D. , Dell’Osso L. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPharmacological and cognitive neuroenhancement refer to the non-medical use of prescription drugs, alcohol, illegal drugs, or the so-called soft enhancers, to enhance cognition, mood, work or school performance, or to promote pro-social behaviour. Literature on the topic is meagre, and available data only partially enlightens their use.ObjectivesThe aim of this paper is to review and comment on the available literature on pharmacological neuroenhancement and, secondary, on emotional enhancement.MethodsA systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, PsychInfo and Google Scholar databases were accessed to select English language articles, published from 1980 to April 2020. 11746 papers were initially selected and 123 papers were finally included.ResultsAvailable literature indicates a widespread and increasing use of different kinds of substances, drugs and food supplements mainly with neuroenhancing purposes, especially amongst specific populations of young healthy subjects. The evidence regarding their efficacy is controversial. Further, a limited or no awareness regarding the possible consequences of their abuse/misuse emerges amongst users.ConclusionsDespite the limited evidence that some substances may improve cognitive functions in healthy subjects and neglecting their detrimental side effects and potential risk of misuse, abuse and addiction, there is an increasing worldwide use of the so-called neuroenhancers, especially in some categories of individuals, such as university students. Further studies are needed to collect reliable data on the effects of neuroenhancers in healthy subjects. Neuroenhancement puts into question the concept of authenticity, so that the problem requires to be analyzed within a complex ethical conceptual frame.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Initiative for ethical media reporting about mental health
Authors: Racetovic G. , Latinovic M. , Cerkez G. , Stjepanovic Z. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAs a part of continuous destigmatization of mental illness and paople with mental disorders significant importance has media reporting, especially in modern times.ObjectivesMedia reports about mental health (MH) are still an issue of a great discussion concerning their content especially in ethical matters. Many initiatives in different countries resulted in various changes in attitudes and influenced on this topic. But the image of mental illness as well as psychiatry in general are still burdened with the shadow of stigma.MethodsTo show development of one of initiatives in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) supported by policy makers through the creation and broad distribution of recommendations for ethical media reporting about mental disorders.ResultsIn 2019 Task Force appointed by both entities’ ministries of health in BH developed an publication with recommendation for ethical reporting about mental health topics with special highlights on specific mental disorders (schizophrenia, depression, suicide, addictions, etc.). It was widely distributed to media and health institutions in the country and was officially adopted as the recommendation of the national Regulatory Agency for Media. Trough five rounds of educational workshops in 2019 and 2021 more than 150 media and mental health professionals were introduced with the publication as well as practical implementation of this recommendations (as is exercises of giving statement).ConclusionsIn BH is developed very useful tool for more quality media reporting about MH topics as one of important ways for reducing the stigma and discrimination of people with mental disorders as well as promotion of good mental healthDisclosureNo significant relationships.
In vitro fertilization and a patient in compulsory psychiatric treatment in the community
Authors: Pirtovsek Savs A. , Derganc M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionINTRODUCTION: According to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, everyone has the right to start a family. Under the Slovenian Infertility Treatment Act, everyone has the right to infertility treatment. A case of a patient in compulsory psychiatric treatment who participated in the process of IVF is presented.ObjectivesCASE REPORT: A 40-year-old male with paranoid schizophrenia has already been hospitalized thirteen times. He often discontinued therapy, abused drugs and repeatedly exhibited violent behaviour. He already had a child from a past relationship he didn’t care of.MethodsDuring the compulsory psychiatric treatment ordered by the court his mental status improved because his treatment with antipsychotics was supervised. He was in a relationship with a thirty-year-old partner. After unsuccessful attempts to become pregnant, they expressed a desire to conceive with biomedical assistance. Their application was considered and approved by the IVF Commission.ResultsThe procedure was successful but in the 13th week of pregnancy, the patient’s partner changed her mind due to his aggression. Because she was pregnant for more than 10 weeks, she had to submit a request for artificial termination to the Commission for abortion. Her request was granted and the pregnancy was terminated.ConclusionsCONCLUSION: We live in time of endless possibilities. Despite of violent acts in the past and severe form of mental illness, the couple was granted IVF procedure. Everyone has the right to start a family; however, the question that has to be raised is the extent and reasonableness of involvement of medical profession and/or health care system.DisclosureNo significant relationships.