bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social outbreak and its association with insomnia and daytime sleepiness in Chile
Authors: Pizarro-Mena Rafael Andrés , Duran-Aguero Samuel , Silva Andrés 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Objectives: To associate the effects of the social outbreak with insomnia and daytime sleepiness according to the distance from the riots.
Material and Methods: Cross-sectional analytical study; a non-probabilistic sampling was carried out at a national level. The Google Forms tool was used; a document was submitted using a national database. The instrument consisted of four sections: socio-demographic data, biopsychosocial symptoms, insomnia severity index (ISI), and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the zero-inflated negative binomial model.
Results: Of a total of 2,532 surveyed people, 29% were male; 43% was younger than 30 years old. The 50% of the sample suffers from sleepiness and 71% shows some type of insomnia. The marginal effects of the zero-inflated negative binomial model show that women, people aged 51 or older, who are neither studying a healthcare degree nor working in the healthcare sector, that are exposed to 4 or more hours per day to the news and that live in areas near or very near the riots, have significantly higher ISI (marginal effect 1.356, SE 0.381, p-value 0.000) and ESS scores (marginal effect 0.693, SE 0.320, p-value 0.030). To live/work in rioting areas has the greater marginal effect compared to other determinants. Finally, neither employment status nor educational level are associated with significant effects in the aforementioned scales.
Conclusion: The riots occurred during the social outbreak of October 2019 in Chile had an effect on insomnia and daytime sleepiness. Particularly, to live/work in rioting areas has the greater marginal effect compared to other determinants.
Investigating the sleep habits in individual and team-sport athletes using the Athlete Sleep Behavior Questionnaire and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index
Authors: Driller Matthew W. , Suppiah Haresh , Rogerson David , Ruddock Alan , James Lachlan , Virgile Adam 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Objectives: There is limited large-scale data on maladaptive sleep practices in elite adult athletes and their influence on sleep characteristics. This study aimed to identify differences in sleep behaviours between individual and team-sport athletes using two sleep questionnaires.
Material and Methods: 407 (237 male, 170 female) elite adult athletes across sixteen sports (9 individual-sports, 7 team-sports) completed the Athlete Sleep Behavior Questionnaire (ASBQ) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).
Results: Individual-sport athletes reported greater total sleep time and higher sleep efficiency than team-sport athletes (p<0.05, d=0.28-0.29). There were no differences between global scores for the PSQI, however, there was a difference between global scores for the ASBQ as well as multiple individual items from both questionnaires (p<0.05), indicating poorer behaviours in team-sport athletes.
Discussion: Team-sport athletes displayed more maladaptive pre-sleep behaviours and poorer sleep characteristics than individual-sport athletes.
Sleep quality impairments in schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder patients continue during periods of remission: a case-controlled study
Authors: Hacimusalar Yunus , Karaaslan Ozgul , Misir Emre , Amuk Ozge Ceren , Hacimusalar Goknur 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Objective: Bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia are chronic psychiatric disorders in which sleep disorders are commonly seen. In mental disorders, residual symptoms may persist even if symptoms are greatly reduced overall. The aim of this study was to compare the sleep quality of schizophrenia and BD patients in remission with that of healthy controls.
Methods: Forty-three patients with schizophrenia, 46 BD patients in remission for at least 3 months, and 51 healthy controls were included the study. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were administered to all participants and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was administered to patients with schizophrenia.
Results: Poor sleep quality was more frequent in the patient groups than the control group (p=0.009). PSQI score was positively correlated with duration of disease (r=0.236; p=0.026), number of cigarettes smoked per day (r=0.430; p<0.001), body mass index (r=0.189; p=0.025), and negatively correlated with duration of remission (r=-0.224; p=0.0359).
Conclusion: Schizophrenia and BD patients in remission had worse sleep quality than a control group. Sleep quality was worst in the patients with schizophrenia. The severity of sleep disorder symptoms was positively associated with disease duration and negatively associated with duration of remission. Schizophrenia and BD patients should be carefully evaluated for symptoms of sleep disorders even when they are in clinical remission and should be offered additional treatment for sleep disorder symptoms when necessary.
Transmisión de las participaciones en la empresa familiar a la luz del Impuesto sobre Sociedades
Authors: Martínez Jiménez Francisco Jesús 
Published: May 2022

Nowadays, we are in an environment where most of the companies, situated in Spain and Europe, are small and medium enterprises, which are family owned. Therefore, motivates to analyze all those operations that involve a transfer of the ownership of the family business, based on the Merger Tax Directive and the Spanish tax regulations. This situation has to be treated from this analysis and the point of view of the tax regulation system as well as every corporate restructuring opportunities or right to inheritance. Nevertheless, it is important to underline that this approach has as purpose to establish and optimize the limits of any tax charge arising due to any transaction. Regarding to that, it is necessary to use a correct analysis of the European Union law and of the ECJ case law.
Nos encontramos ante una situación donde la mayoría de las empresas que existen, tanto en España como en Europa, son empresas PYMES y con un marcado carácter familiar. Esta circunstancia, motiva a analizar todas aquellas operaciones que supongan una transmisión de la titularidad de la empresa familiar, en base a la Directiva fiscal de fusiones y la normativa fiscal española. Debiéndose plantear, en ese análisis y desde la perspectiva tributaria, la posibilidad de que se generen oportunidades fiscales en las operaciones de reestructuración o sucesión empresarial. Dicho planteamiento tiene como finalidad establecer los límites a las operaciones de optimización de la carga fiscal. Por ello, además, no se puede olvidar que se debe realizar un correcto análisis del Derecho de la UE y de la jurisprudencia del TJUE sobre el asunto.
Ayudas previas a la jubilación ordinaria. El caso de Navantia. Propuesta de aplicación al sector financiero
Authors: Flores Alcázar José 
Published: May 2022

Undoubtedly the financial sector is the sector paradigm that systematically resorts to the pre-retirement of its older workers, particularly since the economic and financial crisis of 2007 until now. This is a sector in continuous conversion through an incessant merger process. Due to Covid-19 pandemic and the economic crisis caused by it, the sector faces a dizzying new process of concentration, in which thousands of jobs will again be lost. Pre-retirement needs to be incorporated into the labour system as one more Social Security benefit, legislating on the figure of the ERE and supplemented by recourse to RD 3/2014 of 10th January. Once the access of the undertakings to this resource has been regulated, the necessary maintenance of employment will be achieved, as the re-release contract would be an essential requirement for each early-retired worker to obtain this benefit.
El sector financiero constituye, sin duda, el paradigma de sector que, sistemáticamente recurre a la prejubilación de sus trabajadores de mayor edad, lo que viene haciendo especialmente desde la crisis económica y financiera de 2007 hasta ahora. Se trata de un sector en continua reconversión mediante un incesante proceso de fusiones. Con motivo de la pandemia de la Covid-19 y, la crisis económica provocada por esta, el sector afronta un nuevo y vertiginoso proceso de concentración, en el que nuevamente se perderán miles de puestos de trabajo. Es necesario que, la prejubilación, se incorpore al ordenamiento laboral como una prestación más de Seguridad Social, legislando sobre la figura del ERE, complementada con el recurso a lo dispuesto en el RD 3/2014, de 10 de enero. Una vez regulado el acceso de las empresas a este recurso, se conseguirá el necesario mantenimiento del empleo, pues el contrato de relevo seria requisito imprescindible para cada trabajador que se prejubile acogido a la prestación.
Early learning of English in a Kazakh school (results of a sociolinguistic study)
Authors: Sulkarnayeva Assiya 
Published: May 2022

The paper analyzes the situation of early learning of English in a Kazakh school. The author describes the results of the conducted sociolinguistic research in the capital gymnasium; analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the introduced system of early English language teaching; justifies the need for a large-scale statistical study of the current situation. The author introduces the term "kazinglish" by analogy with the already established term "runglish" and justifies its relevance for further research in a comparative aspect. The object of the study is teaching English in Kazakhstan primary and secondary schools. The subject of the study is the data obtained from the survey of informants (anonymous cluster survey). В В В Main conclusions: 1) change of one of the main mental and cultural paradigms in the field of foreign language education: focus on intercultural communication in action. 2) Primary and secondary level students identify motivation, professional competence of the teacher, accessibility, visibility as the main criteria for easy mastering of a foreign language. We conclude that there is a positive methodology for teaching a foreign language in relation to academic results and the predominant role of the interactive learning format.3) It is not necessary to talk about the presence of a certain talent for languages.4) It is necessary to form specialized training of students in the profile: humanitarian or natural-mathematical. 5) The problem of substitution of concepts and the resulting problem of colloquial foreign language. The so-called "easy and fast" method of language acquisition is becoming increasingly popular. As a result, side effects are unacceptable phonetic, grammatical, lexical and stylistic errors. 6) A pseudo-dialect of the English language is actively being formed in Kazakhstan, let's call it "Kazinglish" by analogy with "Runglish". "Kazinglish" has already become a reality. It is necessary to conduct a large-scale (republican) study on the mastery of foreign languages by the population. The results will allow analyzing the paradigms and trends that have occurred in the study of foreign languages in the country, and outline plans for the development of foreign language education in Kazakhstan.
Features of the translation of modal verbs based on the novel "Little Women" by Louise May Olcott
Authors: Bednova Yulia Aleksandrovna 
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the translation of modal verbs in the novel "Little Women" by Louise May Alcott. The object of this research is the categories of modality in a work of art. The subject of the study is the ways of transferring modality from English to Russian when translating the novel "Little Women" by Louise May Alcott. The relevance of this work is due to the fact that the transfer of modality from English to Russian and vice versa presents certain difficulties for the majority of Russian-speaking students. The author considers the classification of modal verbs, as well as the meanings they acquire in the process of translating this literary text. В The scientific novelty of the article is due to the need to study such a universal concept as modality, which in each case, depending on the communicative situation, conveys not only facts, but also evaluates what is happening. The article solves the following main tasks: to analyze the meanings of modal verbs and the frequency of their use in this work, as well as to present possible translation options. As a result, we found that modality presents difficulties in translation due to the fact that in various communicative situations it can acquire an additional emotional load, which, if misinterpreted, can distort the essence of the utterance.
Evaluating the Suitability of System of Rice Intensification Practices for Enhancing Rice and Water Productivity in Semi-Arid Environment, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Palanisamy Jeevanand , Geethalakshmi V. , Ramanathan S. P. , Senthil A. , Balajikannan . 
Published: May 2022

In the world of rapid change in climate, irregular rainfall pattern tends to pose serious impact on water availability for agriculture. Rice is one of the important food crops to get affected by the low water availability because of its high water requirement. Various techniques were used in the past to mitigate low water availability and increase productivity but most techniques will improve one aspect at the expense of the other. System of Rice Intensification (SRI) is being tried by many countries with several modifications based on their priorities, with the aim of enhancing productivity besides reducing the water demand for rice cultivation. It is essential to have more insight into the individual and compounding effect of multiple components of SRI on yield, and water productivity of rice for identifying the potential and suitable SRI practices. Investigating the influence of different practices of SRI viz., planting of young and single seedlings per hill in wider spacing, water saving irrigation like Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD), and weed control using cono-weeders on rice using the data obtained from the field experiment carried out during 2021 in Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India. Water productivity of rice plants under SRI were compared with conventional practices. The results revealed that plants grown with complete SRI practices had increased water productivity by 0.25 kg grain/m3 of water which is almost twice that of conventional cultivation system. The yield obtained in SRI treatments was higher about 39% than conventional treatments. The total water savings were 20 % higher in AWD treatments than continuous flooding treatments.
Bioactive Metabolites of Nodule Associated Microbes for Enhanced Drought Tolerance and Biocontrol Control Activity in Horsegram
Authors: Evangilene Shirley , Uthandi Sivakumar 
Published: May 2022

In the present study, the potential bioactive compounds detected in the ethyl acetate microbial extract of root nodules of horsegram were determined using the gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The bioactive metabolites of nodule associated microbes (NAM) revealed the existence of several soluble metabolites which includes phthalic acid, butyl hex-3-yl ester, 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol,Dodecyl acrylate, pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro, 1-Nonadecene, octadecane, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, dibutyl phthalate, diisooctyl phthalate, 1-docosene, heptadecane, 9-hexyl, pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(phenylmethyl), n-Tetracosanol-1, ergotaman-3',6',18-trione, 9,10-dihydro-12'-hydroxy-2'-methyl-5'(phenylmethyl)-, (5'à,10à), eicosanal, ethanol, 2-(9-octadecenyloxy), E-15-heptadecenal, octatriacontyl pentafluoropropionate, etc.,. Endophytic bacteria produces bioactive substances that provides resistance against phytopathogens as well as nutrient solubilization during prolonged drought periods in order to overcome biotic and abiotic stresses. Several antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and antioxidant properties were brought under spotlight to realise the beneficial aspects of nodule associated microbes of horsegram. Understanding the roles of metabolites would enrich the crop growth under stressed environment by promoting the eco-friendly agriculture practices.
Determinants of Stock Market Performance in Zambia
Authors: Chungu Dominic Anthony 
Published: May 2022

For economic development to take place, there are many components involved. Investment is a key component. The existence of stock markets has played a pivotal role in the raising of capital for companies. Therefore the performance of stock markets has been seen to be of significance. The stock Market in Zambia has been seen to fluctuate over the years. It has been noted that macroeconomic variables impact stock market performance. In this research it has been arrived at Interest rates and exchange rates have are indirectly proportional to stock market performance as money supply, GDP and Index of Industry performance have a direct relationship.
Urban Data Science Education: A Key Actor towards Improving Data-Driven Policy-Making for Solving Urban Problems
Authors: Gandhi S. R. , Anyiam F. E. 
Published: May 2022

This paper explains the benefits of Urban Data Science Education in improving data driving policy-making and highlights the impact of vital use of available open data using a practical demonstration from the Summer-Winter School (SWS) at CEPT University Ahmedabad India. Good Urban data policies can be an important driver for smart city research and the implementation of good data management practices. Many authors are also becoming interested in the data revolution that is enhancing the way we study and understand cities. It now becomes appropriate to respond to this need in an evidence-informed manner by working with stakeholders to encourage a more resilient approach via education for the younger enthusiast, leading to more transparent, improved, sustainable and safer urban cities. However, the major challenge we foresee is the inability to utilize the large amount of urban data generated daily. With the drive to mobilize more education towards urban data science and analytics, generated data can be effectively utilized to make informed and evidence-based decisions. This paper points to a practical methodology for reproducibility, the key steps taken, as it views the inclusion of an Urban Data Science curriculum as priceless, and a decision that will bring into notice the importance of engaging the younger generation in scholastic learning on data principles and analytics. Data along with spatial enhancement can be the driving factor towards improving data-driven policy-making for solving urban problems in smart cities.
Matched linac stereotactic radiotherapy: An assessment of delivery similarity and distributive patient‐specific quality assurance feasibility
Authors: Goodall Simon K , Dunn Leon , Dunning Jonathan , Muñoz Luis , Rowshanfarzad Pejman , Ebert Martin A 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMatching multiple linacs to common baseline data allows patients to be treated, and patient‐specific quality assurance (PSQA) to be completed on any linac. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) requires higher levels of accuracy and quality assurance than routine radiotherapy. The achieved linac matching must therefore be evaluated before distributive treatment or PSQA models can be implemented safely. This investigation aimed to propose metrics for defining linacs to be matched for SBRT deliveries, assess 12 linacs against these criteria, and determine if a distributive PSQA model could be implemented by reviewing the rates of false PSQA results. Ten SBRT spine plans were delivered by 12 matched Elekta linacs and measured using one of seven SRS MapCHECK devices. For gamma criteria of (3%, 2 mm), 96.9% of equivalent location detectors, showed a range of gamma ≤ 1.0 and 99.9% showed a standard deviation of ≤ 0.5. For criteria of (3%,1 mm) and (2%,1 mm), these ranges decreased to 92.1% and 80.2% while the standard deviations decreased to 99.3% and 95.7%, respectively. The dose differences showed that 43.6%, 82.7%, and 91.4% of detectors had a dose range of ≤ 3.0%, ≤ 5.0%, and ≤ 6.0%, respectively. Standard deviations of dose differences were 1.5%, 2.5%, and 3.0% for 94.1%, 98.3%, and 99.5% of detectors, respectively. For the fleet of linacs, distributive PSQA yielded false results for 0.0%, 17.7%, and 33.0% of plans, equivalent to 1.2%, 3.5%, and 9.4% of detectors when using gamma criteria of (3%,2 mm), (3%,1 mm), or (2%,1 mm), respectively. These linacs could be considered matched for SBRT treatments and implement a distributive PSQA model when gamma analysis was completed with a criterion of (3%, 2 mm). For stricter criterion of (3%,1 mm) or (2%,1 mm), they did not meet the proposed metrics.
Eyewitness recall, lineup identification, and verbal and visual memory among chronic cannabis users after a minimum of 24‐h abstinence
Authors: Rosen Alexis S. , Hirst Rayna B. , Brown Colin C. , Arastu Sana F. , Hedbabny Katharine 
Published: May 2022

AbstractResearch has begun to investigate the reliability of cannabis‐intoxicated eyewitnesses; however, no studies have evaluated eyewitness memory among chronic cannabis users after a minimum 24‐h abstinence. This study compared cannabis users' (n = 23) and nonusers' (n = 26) eyewitness recall/identification and investigated the relationship between eyewitness memory and neuropsychological functioning. Users demonstrated better visual recognition relative to nonusers. Groups' neuropsychological performance was otherwise similar. Regarding eyewitness memory, users recalled more inaccurate crime details when cued, whereas total accurate and inaccurate details recalled were similar. Neither user status, lineup type, their interaction, nor education were credible predictors of lineup identification accuracy. Verbal memory performance and years of education, but not user status, credibly predicted eyewitness recall accuracy. Findings suggest that cannabis‐user eyewitnesses may require special consideration regarding police interviewing techniques; however, additional research is necessary to determine the conditions in which chronic cannabis users are reliable or unreliable eyewitnesses.
Reducing teachers' unfounded beliefs through critical‐thinking education: A non‐randomized controlled trial
Authors: Caroti Denis , Adam‐Troian Jais , Arciszewski Thomas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe prevalence of unfounded beliefs (e.g., supernatural or conspiracy beliefs) remains an important issue due to their negative consequences in various domains. Interventions were shown to reduce supernatural beliefs only when addressing pseudoscientific ones. Based on these findings, we designed a single session intervention aiming to teach participants the epistemological distinction between science and pseudoscience. We then assessed the effectiveness of this intervention. Secondary school teachers (N = 130) were assigned to one of two groups focusing on critical thinking with or without the intervention content related to pseudoscience. Supernatural beliefs, conspiracy mentality, and pattern perception were measured using computerized surveys pre‐ and one moth post‐intervention. Mixed‐model analyses revealed the expected decrease in conspiracy mentality, d = .60, supernatural beliefs, d = 1.01 and illusory pattern perception, d = .34 among teachers in the pseudoscience‐focused group. Our intervention constitutes a novel cost‐effective tool for critical thinking promotion among education professionals.