bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical outcomes of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and anti‐PD‐1 immunotherapy for unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Ning , Yu Bing Ran , Wang Yi Xiu , Zhao Yi Ming , Zhou Jia Min , Wang Miao , Wang Long Rong , Lin Zhen Hai , Zhang Ti , Wang Lu 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo compare the treatment efficacy and safety of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and anti‐programmed cell death 1 (PD‐1) immunotherapy combined with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) or hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) for patients with unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).MethodsPatients with unresectable ICC received TKIs and anti‐PD‐1 immunotherapy combined with HAIC (HTP group) or TACE (TTP group) were included. The clinicopathological characteristics, treatment efficacy, and adverse events (AEs) were compared between the two groups. The factors associated with response rate to the treatments were evaluated.ResultsA total of 58 patients were enrolled, with 39 in the HTP group and 19 in the TTP group. Patients in the HTP group exhibited a better objective response rate (ORR; Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors [RECIST] 48.7% vs 15.8%, P = 0.02; modified RECIST [mRECIST] 61.5% vs 21.1%, P = 0.004) and disease control rate (DCR; 82.1% vs 36.8%, P = 0.001) compared to the TTP group. The median progression‐free survival (PFS) rate was not reached and the 1‐year PFS rate was 61.9% in the HTP group, whereas the median PFS was 11.0 months and the 1‐year PFS rate was 31.6% in the TTP group. The type of treatment and tumor size were significant factors for the response rate. More patients in the HTP group presented rash, abdominal pain and hand‐foot syndrome, but all AEs were relieved after symptomatic treatment, and no treatment‐related death occurred.ConclusionsFor unresectable ICC, treatment with a combination of HAIC with TKIs and anti‐PD‐1 immunotherapy was effective and safe. Tumor size might serve as a significant factor for the response rate following treatment for unresectable ICC.
Temporal trends in patients with peripheral artery disease influenced by diabetes mellitus in Germany
Authors: Schmitt Volker H. , Hobohm Lukas , Vosseler Markus , Brochhausen Christoph , Münzel Thomas , Espinola‐Klein Christine , Keller Karsten 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionIn patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Because huge efforts are made to improve medical care of patients with DM including chronic disease programs, the aim of the present study was to investigate temporal trends regarding the clinical burden of DM on PAD patients within a 15‐year observational period.MethodsWe analyzed all patients hospitalized because of PAD between 2005 and 2019 in Germany stratified regarding DM.ResultsOverall, 2 654 871 hospitalizations of PAD patients (865 823 with DM) were included. Hospitalizations based on PAD inclined from 142 778 in 2005 to 190 135 in 2019 (β 3956 per year; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3034–4878, p < .001) with simultaneous increase of hospitalizations of PAD patients with DM (2005: 41609 (29.1%) versus 2019: 65 302 (34.3%); β 2019 per year [95% CI 1593–2446], p < .001). Amputation rates (β −0.42 [95% CI −0.44 to −0.40]; p < .001) as well as in‐hospital case‐fatality rate (2005: 4.7%, 2019: 2.8%; β −0.64 [95% CI −0.69 to −0.59]; p < .001) decreased in diabetic PAD patients during the observational time. In spite of improved morbidity and mortality in the last years of the observational period, patients with DM still suffered from an increased risk for morbidity and mortality during the observational period compared to nondiabetic PAD patients.ConclusionsDespite the progress in DM treatments, DM still was associated with an unfavorable clinical patient profile and remained a substantial risk factor for morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients with PAD and DM in Germany between 2005 and 2019.
Exosome‐delivered circSATB2 targets the miR‐330‐5p/PEAK1 axis to regulate proliferation, migration and invasion of lung cancer cells
Authors: Zhu Jun , Wang Fudong , Weng Yuan , Zhao Jun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExosomes can carry various kinds of RNAs to mediate intercellular communication. Circular RNA (circRNA) special AT‐rich sequence‐binding protein 2 (circSATB2) was identified as an oncogene in lung cancer. This study was performed to explore the association of circSATB2 with exosomes and the regulatory mechanism of circSATB2. Exosomes could transmit circSATB2 into lung cancer cells. Exosomes enhanced cell proliferation, invasion, and migration by carrying circSATB2. Exosomal circSATB2 abrogated the inhibitory effect of short hairpin (sh)‐circSATB2 on lung cancer progression. Moreover, circSATB2 promoted tumor growth in vivo via exosomes. CircSATB2 interacted with microRNA‐330‐5p (miR‐330‐5p) and miR‐330‐5p targeted pseudopodium enriched atypical kinase 1 (PEAK1). In addition, circSATB2 affected the PEAK1 level via sponging miR‐330‐5p in lung cancer cells. All results suggested that exosomal transfer of circSATB2 contributed to the malignant development of lung cancer by acting as a sponge of miR‐330‐5p to upregulate PEAK1.
2‐month ketogenic diet preferentially alters skeletal muscle and augments cognitive function in middle aged female mice
Authors: Pathak Suraj J. , Zhou Zeyu , Steffen Danielle , Tran Tommy , Ad Yael , Ramsey Jon J. , Rutkowsky Jennifer M. , Baar Keith 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe effect of a ketogenic diet (KD) on middle aged female mice is poorly understood as most of this work have been conducted in young female mice or diseased models. We have previously shown that an isocaloric KD started at middle age in male mice results in enhanced mitochondrial mass and function after 2 months on diet and improved cognitive behavior after being on diet for 14 months when compared with their control diet (CD) fed counterparts. Here, we aimed to investigate the effect of an isocaloric 2‐month KD or CD on healthy 14‐month‐old female mice. At 16 months of age cognitive behavior tests were performed and then serum, skeletal muscle, cortex, and hippocampal tissues were collected for biochemical analysis. Two months on a KD resulted in enhanced cognitive behavior associated with anxiety, memory, and willingness to explore. The improved neurocognitive function was associated with increased PGC1α protein in the gastrocnemius (GTN) muscle and nuclear fraction. The KD resulted in a tissue specific increase in mitochondrial mass and kynurenine aminotransferase (KAT) levels in the GTN and soleus muscles, with a corresponding decrease in kynurenine and increase in kynurenic acid levels in serum. With KAT proteins being responsible for converting kynurenine into kynurenic acid, which is unable to cross the blood brain barrier and be turned into quinolinic acid—a potent neurotoxin, this study provides a potential mechanism of crosstalk between muscle and brain in mice on a KD that may contribute to improved cognitive function in middle‐aged female mice.
‘It's not what you'd term normal smoking’: a qualitative exploration of language used to describe heated tobacco product use and associated user identity
Authors: East Katherine A. , Miller Connor R. , Hitchman Sara C. , McNeill Ann , Tompkins Charlotte N. E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and aimsTobacco and nicotine marketplaces have diversified over the past decade, including with the introduction of heated tobacco products (HTPs), such as the brand IQOS. HTPs typically heat tobacco to generate an aerosol that is inhaled. HTP nomenclature is lacking, and how HTP users define and identify themselves remains understudied. Research in this area is important because language can construct identity, and identity can shape behaviour. This study aimed to explore users' language choice when describing IQOS use, and how language relates to user identity.MethodsQualitative interviews in London, United Kingdom, with 30 adult current and former IQOS users. Analyses were guided by Iterative Categorization.ResultsOverall, participants expressed confusion and a lack of suitable terminology for how to describe IQOS use. Verbs such as heating and IQOSing were rarely endorsed. Most often, participants reverted to smoking when describing IQOS use and commonly referred to HEETS (tobacco sticks) as cigarettes. Yet the lack of combustion, electronic device, cleaner experience and perceived reductions in health risks led some to frame IQOS as distinct from smoking. Vaping was generally considered inappropriate for describing IQOS use. Participants also manipulated language to suit their circumstances and manage their identity, whereas some IQOS users embraced the terms smoking and smoker, most were eager to distinguish between using IQOS and being labelled a smoker because of the associated negative connotations and to align with perceptions of IQOS use as a better, less harmful behaviour. Instead, when describing their identity, IQOS users more willingly identified as vapers, or ex‐smokers, or created new identities (e.g. HEET user).ConclusionsPeople who use or have used IQOS (a brand of heated tobacco product) are ambiguous about IQOS terminology. Participants in this study commonly referred to IQOS use as smoking for lack of a more suitable term, but also resisted being labelled as smokers, a choice that may influence smoking cessation. Clear terminology must be used in surveys and by healthcare professionals when asking about cigarette smoking and e‐cigarette and heated tobacco product use.
Student remote and distance research in neuroanatomy: Mapping Dscaml1 expression with a LacZ gene trap in mouse brain
Authors: Clemons Mellisa R. , Flores Alex A. , Black Cailyn X. , Murphy Molly K. , Dimico Ren H. , Fife Parker , Lee Mark D. , Camerino Michael J. , Schlussler Megan , Baielli Michael , Rogers Aspen , Bartle Amaris , Beard Reese , Cooper Rhena , Fuerst Peter G. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUndergraduate student engagement in research increases retention and degree completion, especially for students who are underrepresented in science. Several approaches have been adopted to increase research opportunities including curriculum based undergraduate research opportunities (CUREs), in which research is embedded into course content. Here we report on efforts to tackle a different challenge: providing research opportunities to students engaged in remote learning or who are learning at satellite campuses or community colleges with limited research infrastructure. In our project we engaged students learning remotely or at regional centers to map gene expression in the mouse brain. In this project we mapped expression of the Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule like 1 (Dscaml1) gene in mouse brain using a LacZ expression reporter line. Identifying where Dscaml1 is expressed in the brain is an important next step in determining if its roles in development and function in the retina are conserved in the rest of the brain. Students working remotely reconstruct brain montages and annotated Dscaml1 expression in the brain of mice carrying one or two copies of the gene trap. We built on these findings by further characterizing Dscaml1 expression in inhibitory neurons of the visual pathway. These results build on and extend previous findings and demonstrate the utility of including distance learners in an active research group for both the student learners and the research team. We conclude with best practices we have developed based on this and other distance learner focused projects.
Nothing to lose but their (block)chains
Authors: PRASSE‐FREEMAN ELLIOTT 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTCan stateless persons become legal‐economic subjects without state ratification? Can they appropriate technologies not designed for them to create both new subjectivities and new forms of community? A Malaysia‐based nonprofit social enterprise, composed of stateless Rohingya, has been attempting to circumvent state rejection by inscribing aspects of Rohingya (in)dividuals—biometric data, genealogy information, and records of community participation—on a digital blockchain ledger. The enterprise seeks to mobilize blockchain's affordances to iteratively construct Rohingya subjects, re‐presenting them to new institutions (banks rather than humanitarians) as quasi‐legal persons, producing entities ultimately certified for “financial inclusion”—bank accounts and loans—thereby hoping to generate post‐Westphalian spaces and subjectivities. Yet, amid a revanchist nationalist resurgence in Malaysia—as with bourgeoning right‐wing populism globally—the spaces in which blockchained subjects might maneuver have narrowed, compelling our attention to the “nonsovereignty” in this project's version of “self‐sovereignty.” [blockchain, biometrics, science and technology studies, (non)sovereignty, statelessness, Malaysia, Rohingya]
Omega‐3 fatty acids in the management of dry eye disease—An updated systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ciara O'Byrne   , O'Keeffe Michael 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of omega‐3 fatty acids in comparison to a placebo in the management of dry eye disease.MethodsA systematic literature search was performed including randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing omega‐3 versus placebo in the management of dry eye disease in human subjects. There were no language or time restrictions. Eligible trials were assessed for bias and assigned a risk‐of‐bias score. Data extraction was carried out using a standardised data extraction form, and meta‐analysis was performed using a random effects model for continuous data. The outcome measures were Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores, tear breakup time (TBUT) measurements, corneal staining and Schirmer's score. Statistical heterogeneity was defined as substantial if the I2 test achieved a value >60%.ResultsEight parallel RCTs including 1107 subjects met eligibility criteria. None of the included studies achieved low risk of bias. Data synthesis demonstrated an improvement in the mean change in OSDI score from baseline to final assessment. Omega‐3 supplementation conferred no evident improvement in corneal staining, TBUT or Schirmer's score. There was considerable statistical heterogeneity in all four outcome measures.ConclusionsThis updated systematic review and meta‐analysis indicates that omega‐3 supplementation improves subjective symptoms in patients with dry eye disease.
Impact of self‐tonometry on glaucoma treatment decision
Authors: Quérat Laurence , Chen Enping 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to examine the impact of self‐tonometry on clinicians' decision in glaucoma treatment.Materials and MethodsMedical records of 133 patients who had performed self‐tonometry using iCare® Home between January and December 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Inclusion criteria were as follows: age over 18 years, all types of glaucoma, as well as ocular hypertension and glaucoma suspect, compliance with tonometer manufacturer's recommendations and monitoring over at least 2 days. The data consisted of age, gender, diagnosis, visual field index, rate of progression and type of treatment pre‐ and post‐intraocular pressure (IOP) phasing. The following IOP measurements were used to calculate the mean and maximum IOP, and range over each day and consecutive days: Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) measurements from referral and training visits and iCare® Home measurements made by the trainers and the patients themselves. A total of 90 patients were included.ResultsClinicians were satisfied with the actual treatment in 54.4% of the cases. There was a statistically significant difference between the clinicians' decision to maintain same treatment or to escalate therapy for all the mean and maximum IOPs measured on each single day and over a 2‐ or 3‐day period (p < 0.002).ConclusionOur results suggest that the presence of high IOP values obtained with self‐tonometry supports an intensification of glaucoma treatment. Self‐tonometry provides clinicians with an important complement for clinical decision‐making, and under‐ or over‐treatment may be avoided for the benefit of patients.
Premature birth did not have a pronounced impact on eating behaviour of four‐year‐old children, but some effects were observed in girls
Authors: Forsum Elisabet , Flinke Eva 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimFeeding of preterm‐born children has been extensively studied during infancy. Few studies have focused on later life but the available data indicate that feeding problems may persist after infancy. We studied this topic using two cohorts of full‐term and preterm‐born children.MethodsThe Children's Eating Difficulties Questionnaire was used to assess the appetite, food enjoyment, pickiness and neophobia, the fear of new foods, of 347 four‐year‐old children born in 2009–2011. Of these, 179 (52% boys) were born preterm at 24 to 36 weeks and recruited from paediatric clinics in southeast Sweden. The 168 children (54% boys) born full‐term were recruited from a maternity health clinic in the same region. The parents graded 12 statements about their child's eating behaviour from very false to very true.ResultsA low gestational age at birth was associated with less reported appetite in girls. Estimates describing appetite and food enjoyment correlated with gestational age at birth in girls but not in boys. This difference between boys and girls was significant (p < 0.05).ConclusionPrematurity had no major effects on food‐related behaviour in four‐year‐old children. However, some estimates of reduced appetite and food enjoyment were associated with lower gestational age at birth in girls but not in boys.
Laparoscopic total gastrectomy for concurrent gastric cancer and complete agenesis of the dorsal pancreas
Authors: Namikawa Tsutomu , Utsunomiya Masato , Yokota Keiichiro , Kawanishi Yasuhiro , Munekage Masaya , Uemura Sunao , Maeda Hiromichi , Kitagawa Hiroyuki , Kobayashi Michiya , Hanazaki Kazuhiro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe present an unusual case of laparoscopic total gastrectomy with lymph node dissection in a 56‐year‐old woman with gastric cancer and agenesis of the dorsal pancreas (ADP). Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed erosive lesions with thickened gastric folds; biopsy specimens revealed a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Abdominal contrast‐enhanced computed tomography showed a thickened wall of the gastric body; the distal pancreas was not visualized. Under the clinical diagnosis of gastric cancer with ADP, the patient underwent laparoscopic total gastrectomy with standard lymphadenectomy. The absence of a pancreatic neck, body, and tail was confirmed; lymph nodes along the splenic artery were dissected. Pathological analysis demonstrated a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma invading the serosa, with five lymph node metastases. The postoperative course was unremarkable; postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was performed using S‐1 plus oxaliplatin. No symptom recurrence was observed at the 6‐month follow‐up. Laparoscopic surgery, with careful preoperative anatomic evaluation, can be considered for concurrent gastric cancer and ADP.
Differential effects of maternal‐ and paternal‐adolescent attachments on friendship security and intimacy
Authors: Persram Ryan J. , Konishi Chiaki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe present study examined the differential contributions of adolescent‐reported maternal and paternal attachment anxiety and avoidance on friendship security and intimacy. Participants were 776 Canadian adolescents between the ages of 13 and 19 years (M = 15.18, SD = 1.58) who provided ratings of their perceived attachment avoidance and anxiety towards their mothers and fathers and responded to measures of friendship security and intimacy. Findings showed that maternal and paternal attachment avoidance and not anxiety negatively predicted friendship security. Moreover, maternal attachment avoidance was negatively associated with friendship intimacy. Multigroup analyses showed that security was negatively predicted by maternal anxious attachment for junior high school boys and girls. Additionally, paternal avoidant attachment was negatively associated with friendship intimacy for junior high school boys and girls. These findings highlight the unique effects associated with maternal and paternal attachment on specific friendship features and underscore the importance of the role of fathers in adolescence.
Whatever will bore, will bore: The mere anticipation of boredom exacerbates its occurrence in lectures
Authors: Tam Katy Y. Y. , Van Tilburg Wijnand A. P. , Chan Christian S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundAcademic boredom is ubiquitous, and it leads to a range of adverse learning outcomes. Given that students often make estimates of how boring lectures are, does anticipating a lecture to be boring shape their actual experience of boredom?AimsThe current research investigated whether anticipated boredom intensifies subsequent boredom felt in lectures.SamplesWe recruited undergraduate students to participate in three studies.MethodsStudy 1 (N = 121) and study 2 (N = 130) were conducted in natural university lecture environments. We found that students who anticipated a lecture to bore them more subsequently felt more bored by it. In study 3 (N = 92), we experimentally manipulated anticipated boredom before participants watched a lecture video. We found that those who were led to anticipate higher levels of boredom felt more bored by the video.Results and ConclusionsResults converged to indicate that the mere expectation that a lecture will be boring may be sufficient to exacerbate its subsequent occurrence. We discuss these findings in the contexts of affective forecasting and education.
Who is expected to make contact? Interpretative repertoires related to an intergroup encounter between Finnish majority mothers and immigrant mothers
Authors: Riikonen Reetta , Finell Eerika , Suoninen Eero , Paajanen Paula , Stevenson Clifford 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlthough the benefits of contact for positive intergroup relations are widely acknowledged, less is known about how group members construct the agency and responsibility of contact participants in intergroup encounters. Using critical discursive psychology, we analysed the interpretative repertoires that Finnish majority mothers (N = 13) and mothers with an immigrant background (N = 10) used when talking about a hypothetical intergroup encounter among Finnish and immigrant mothers in a ‘family café’ (a group for mothers and children). Our analysis identified five interpretative repertoires that differed in terms of the levels of categorization used (individual, group, motherhood) and how agency and responsibility for initiating contact were discursively attributed to the parties in the intergroup encounter. Overall, constructing someone as agentic did not automatically result in their being portrayed as more responsible for making contact. Respondents described contact to occur with only two repertoires, in which both agency and responsibility for initiating contact were discursively attributed to the same party. This highlights the need to consider both agency and sense of responsibility as possible factors preceding intergroup contact.