bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability of Fifth Metatarsal Base Fracture Classifications and Current Management
Authors: Michalski Max P. , Ingall Eitan M. , Kwon John Y. , Chiodo Christopher P. 
Published: May 2022

Background: Classification of fifth metatarsal base fractures has been a source of confusion since originally described by Jones in 1902. Zone classifications have been described but never evaluated for reliability. The most recent classification, metaphyseal vs meta-diaphyseal, may be unknown to many surgeons. The purpose of this study was to evaluate reliability of American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) members classifying fifth metatarsal base fractures and current management of these fractures. Methods: A survey was emailed to AOFAS members including radiographs of 18 fifth metatarsal base fractures. Demographic information was collected in addition to evaluation of the radiographs. Interrater reliability was assessed for each measurement: presence of Jones fracture, zone classification, and metaphyseal vs metaphyseal-diaphyseal, using Fleiss kappa. After 3 weeks, a second email was sent to the members asking to retake the survey to evaluate intrarater reliability. Respondents were asked which region is a Jones fracture, which classification is used, if symptomatic zone 2 and 3 fractures are treated similarly, and what fractures are operative in healthy symptomatic acute fractures. Results: A total of 223 AOFAS members, with a median time in practice of 12 years (range 0-50), completed the initial survey. Eighty members (36%) repeated the survey for intrarater comparison. Interrater reliability was moderate for Jones and zone classification but substantial for the 2-zone metaphyseal/meta-diaphyseal classification. The median intrarater kappa was 0.78, 0.75, and 0.78 for Jones, zone, and metaphyseal/meta-diaphyseal respectively. Seventy percent of respondents treat zones 2 and 3 similarly, and approximately 60% consider an acute symptomatic fracture identified as Jones, zone 2 or zone 3 operative. Conclusion: A 2-zone system may be the best available classification for fifth metatarsal base fractures given high interrater reliability and 70% of AOFAS members treat zones 2 and 3 in similar fashion. Level of Evidence: Level III, diagnostic study.
Erythema nodosum after azacitidine in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Nasrollahi Elham , Giubellino Alessio , Rashidi Armin 
Published: May 2022

Introduction Nodular skin lesions in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) raise clinical suspicion for leukemia cutis versus fungal infections. Here, we report a rare case of treatment-related erythema nodosum (EN) in a patient with AML. Case Report Approximately 5 weeks after the initiation of sorafenib and one week after azacitidine initiation, a 32-year-old man with primary refractory AML presented with several painful red nodules on the lower extremities. Histological examination established a diagnosis of EN. Management and Outcome Treatment with topical and oral steroids led to complete resolution of the nodules. However, once the dose of steroids was reduced, the lesions rapidly recurred. Higher dose steroids were reinitiated, again with a resolution of the nodules, confirming steroid responsiveness of the underlying process. Discussion Given the onset of lesions one week after the initiation of azacitidine and 5 weeks after the initiation of sorafenib, azacitidine was considered the more likely culprit. Only 2 cases of EN-like eruption after azacitidine and 1 case after sorafenib have been reported. Although fungal infections and leukemia cutis are the top differentials considered for skin nodules in a patient with AML, EN should be considered as an alternative diagnosis. Correct diagnosis is critical because it will guide treatment.
Surveillance for jugular venous thrombosis in astronauts
Authors: Pavela James , Sargsyan Ashot , Bedi Deepak , Everson Aaron , Charvat Jacqueline , Mason Sara , Johansen Benjamin , Marshall-Goebel Karina , Mercaldo Sarah , Shah Ronak , Moll Stephan 
Published: May 2022

Background: Thrombosis of the left internal jugular vein in an astronaut aboard the International Space Station was recently described, incidentally discovered during a research study of blood flow in neck veins in microgravity. Given this event, and the high incidence of flow abnormalities, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) instituted an occupational surveillance program to evaluate astronauts for venous thrombosis. Methods: Duplex ultrasound of the bilateral internal jugular veins was conducted on all NASA astronauts terrestrially, and at three points during spaceflight. Respiratory maneuvers were performed. Images were analyzed for thrombosis and certain hemodynamic characteristics, including peak velocity and degree of echogenicity. Results: Eleven astronauts were evaluated with matching terrestrial and in-flight ultrasounds. No thrombosis was detected. Compared to terrestrial ultrasound measurements, in-flight peak velocity was reduced and lowest in the left. Six of 11 astronauts had mild–moderate echogenicity in the left internal jugular vein during spaceflight, but none had more than mild echogenicity in the right internal jugular vein. Two astronauts developed retrograde blood flow in the left internal jugular vein. Conclusion: Abnormal flow characteristics in microgravity, most prominent in the left internal jugular vein, may signal an increased risk for thrombus formation in some individuals.
An Investigation of Google Searches for Knee Osteoarthritis and Stem Cell Therapy: What are Patients Searching Online?
Authors: Sullivan Breanna , Platt Brooks , Joiner Josh , Jacobs Cale , Conley Caitlin , Landy David C. , Stone Austin V. 
Published: May 2022

Background: Stem cell therapies have emerged as a potential treatment for osteoarthritis (OA), but their role remains controversial. Their growing popularity may lead patients to search for information online, but search queries and sources are unknown. Purpose: We sought to (1) identify the most frequently asked questions on Google related to knee OA and stem cell therapy, (2) assess the types of websites accessed through these searches, and (3) evaluate the transparency of these websites. Methods: The search terms “knee,” “osteoarthritis,” and “stem cell” were entered into Google. Frequently asked questions suggested by Google, and their corresponding websites were extracted. Questions and websites were classified by type. Journal of the American Medical Association ( JAMA) benchmark criteria were used as a measure of website transparency (range: 0–4). Analysis of variance tests were performed to compare JAMA benchmark criteria between website types. Results: Of the 145 questions and website extracted, the most common question subtype pertained to non-stem cell treatments (41.4%) for knee OA; the most common website types were medical publishers (24.8%) and nonacademic medical practices (22.8%). JAMA scores were highest for medical publishers (mean: 3.81) and lowest for nonacademic medical practices (mean: 1.55). Nonacademic medical practices had significantly worse JAMA scores compared with commercial, academic, and medical publishers. Conclusion: The most frequent questions pertained to non-stem cell treatments, although questions related to stem cell efficacy were most common among the 10 most frequent questions. Google searches on knee OA and stem cell therapies often directed the user to websites lacking transparency and verifiable information. Further research is warranted.
Use of Plain Radiography of Uninjured Wrists as Patient-Specific Markers of Successful Reduction of Unilateral Distal Radius Fractures
Authors: Hwang Lyahn K. , Greige Nicolas , Wang Fei , Yi Joseph K. , Treiser Matthew D. , Ricci Joseph A. 
Published: May 2022

Background: The standard of care of distal radius fractures requiring operative intervention involves restoration of anatomical alignment radiologically by comparing preoperative films and intraoperative fluoroscopy with established values based on population norms. The objective of this study is to evaluate the use of plain radiographs obtained from the uninjured wrist of patients who present with unilateral displaced distal radius fractures as a measure of successful achievement of anatomical realignment. Methods: A retrospective review was performed on 133 consecutive patients who presented from August 2020 to August 2021 with a diagnosis of unilateral distal radius fracture as confirmed on 3-view plain radiography. Patients who had bilateral radiographs and underwent open reduction and internal fixation were included. The primary outcome measure was comparison of radial inclination, radial height, tilt, and ulnar variance measured by 3 observers on preoperative, 1-week postoperative, and uninjured contralateral wrist films. Results: Twenty-one patients were included for analysis. Comparison of postoperative radiologic parameters with the contralateral uninjured extremity revealed a mean radial inclination difference of 3.8°, radial height difference of 2.0 mm, volar tilt difference of 6.3°, and ulnar variance difference of 0.9 mm. The average postreduction radial height was found to deviate from contralateral radial height significantly more than from the historic radial height parameter (2.0 vs 0.6 mm, P < .001). Conclusion: Attempts at achieving distal radius fracture reduction to within historical normal limits may result in an increased deviation from patient-specific anatomical parameters, especially with respect to radial height.
Study on physical behaviors according to element formulations of ballistic impact simulation models
Authors: Yoo Tae Kwang 
Published: May 2022

During modeling ballistic impact, physical behaviors were investigated according to element formulations. In order to conduct the investigation, a simple ballistic impact simulation model was used. Several case studies consisting of FEM (Finite Element Method) and SPH (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics) models were conducted using the LS-DYNA research/commercial code. As a result, these case studies suggest that the SPH formulation is effective to simulate interactions among particles after failures so that the penetration phenomenon of the projectile were well described. In addition, some parameters relating to the SPH formulation such as particle spacing and smoothing length constant were investigated. Finally, for the verification, 20 mm fragment simulating projectile tests to verify the protection performance of K9 Thunder grill louver were compared with the simulations applying the FEM and SPH formulations.
Superior Capsular Reconstruction for Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears: Technique and Associated Considerations
Authors: Kerzner Benjamin , Swindell Hasani W. , Dasari Suhas P. , Khan Zeeshan A. , Chahla Jorge , Verma Nikhil N. 
Published: May 2022

Background: Massive rotator cuff tears lead to superior humeral head translation and may prevent successful repair. Superior capsular reconstruction (SCR) can overcome this by improving the compression and depressor effects of the rotator cuff and joint capsule simultaneously. Indications: SCR is indicated in young, active patients with massive rotator cuff tears or a functional cuff deficiency from a failed previous rotator cuff repair without significant arthritis, articulation of the humeral head with the acromion, or dysfunctional deltoid. Technique Description: During the procedure, repair of the subscapularis is performed using a polydioxanone (PDS) suture shuttling device to pass suture through the subscapularis in an inverted mattress knotless configuration. Posterior infraspinatus tendon fibers are reduced and the tuberosity is abraded and decorticated followed by completion of the partial repair of the posterior cuff. Anchors are placed on the glenoid and articular margins followed by preparation of the dermal allograft with luggage tags medially and perforation laterally. The graft is passed and secured in a double row configuration laterally with apposition of the graft to the remnant, repaired rotator cuff posteriorly. Results: Passive range of motion (ROM) is begun at week 4, followed by progressive active ROM at weeks 6 to 12, and advancement of full ROM and advanced strengthening begun at 3 months. With SCR, a patient can expect maximal strength and function to be regained at 1 year postoperatively. Significant clinical improvement following SCR has been seen in visual analog scale (VAS) and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Shoulder Score (ASES) scores for most patients, although there is a varied degree of return to sport following this procedure. Discussion/Conclusion: Clinical evidence suggests that SCR is a beneficial therapeutic intervention for short to medium term outcomes in younger patients with massive, irreparable rotator cuff tears. More studies are needed to identify the optimal thickness of the graft.
Method for Fault Feature Selection for a Baler Gearbox Based on an Improved Adaptive Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Ren Bin , Bai Dong , Xue Zhanpu , Xie Hu , Zhang Hao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe performance and efficiency of a baler deteriorate as a result of gearbox failure. One way to overcome this challenge is to select appropriate fault feature parameters for fault diagnosis and monitoring gearboxes. This paper proposes a fault feature selection method using an improved adaptive genetic algorithm for a baler gearbox. This method directly obtains the minimum fault feature parameter set that is most sensitive to fault features through attribute reduction. The main benefit of the improved adaptive genetic algorithm is its excellent performance in terms of the efficiency of attribute reduction without requiring prior information. Therefore, this method should be capable of timely diagnosis and monitoring. Experimental validation was performed and promising findings highlighting the relationship between diagnosis results and faults were obtained. The results indicate that when using the improved genetic algorithm to reduce 12 fault characteristic parameters to three without a priori information, 100% fault diagnosis accuracy can be achieved based on these fault characteristics and the time required for fault feature parameter selection using the improved genetic algorithm is reduced by half compared to traditional methods. The proposed method provides important insights into the instant fault diagnosis and fault monitoring of mechanical devices.
Integrative analysis of circRNA, miRNA, and mRNA profiles to reveal ceRNA regulation in chicken muscle development from the embryonic to post-hatching periods
Authors: Lei Qiuxia , Hu Xin , Han Haixia , Wang Jie , Liu Wei , Zhou Yan , Cao Dingguo , Li Fuwei , Liu Jie 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The growth and development of skeletal muscle are regulated by protein-coding genes and non-coding RNA. Circular RNA (circRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA involved in a variety of biological processes, especially in post-transcriptional regulation. To better understand the regulatory mechanism of circRNAs during the development of muscle in chicken, we performed RNA-seq with linear RNA depletion for chicken breast muscle in 12 (E 12) and17 (E 17) day embryos, and 1 (D 1), 14 (D 14), 56 (D 56), and 98 (D 98) days post-hatch.

Results
We identified 5755 differentially expressed (DE)-circRNAs during muscle development. We profiled the expression of DE-circRNAs and mRNAs (identified in our previous study) at up to six time points during chicken muscle development and uncovered a significant profile (profile 16) for circRNA upregulation during aging in muscle tissues. To investigate competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulation in muscle and identify muscle-related circRNAs, we constructed a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network using the circRNAs and mRNAs from profile 16 and miRNAs identified in our previous study, which included 361 miRNAs, 68 circRNAs, 599 mRNAs, and 31,063 interacting pairs. Functional annotation showed that upregulated circRNAs might contribute to glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, biosynthesis of amino acids, pyruvate metabolism, carbon metabolism, glycogen and sucrose metabolism through the ceRNA network, and thus affected postnatal muscle development by regulating muscle protein deposition. Of them, circRNA225 and circRNA226 from the same host gene might be key circRNAs that could regulate muscle development by interacting with seven common miRNAs and 207 mRNAs. Our experiments also demonstrated that there were interactions among circRNA225, gga-miR-1306-5p, and heat shock protein alpha 8 (HSPA8).

Conclusions
Our results suggest that adequate supply of nutrients such as energy and protein after hatching may be a key factor in ensuring chicken yield, and provide several candidate circRNAs for future studies concerning ceRNA regulation during chicken muscle development.
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) cytochrome P450 protein 716A subfamily CYP716A16 regulates disease resistance
Authors: Wang Aijun , Ma Li , Shu Xinyue , Jiang Yuqi , Liang Juan , Zheng Aiping 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe sustainable development of rice production is facing severe threats by a variety of pathogens, such as necrotrophicRhizoctonia solaniand hemibiotrophicXanthomonas oryzaepv. oryzae (Xoo). Mining and applying resistance genes to increase the durable resistance of rice is an effective method that can be used to control these diseases.ResultsIn this research, we isolated and characterized CYP716A16, which is a positive regulator of rice toR. solaniAG1-IA andXoo, and belongs to the cytochrome P450 (CYP450) protein 716A subfamily. Overexpression (OE) ofCYP716A16resulted in enhanced resistance toR. solaniAG1-IA andXoo, while RNA interference (RNAi) ofCYP716A16resulted in increased susceptibility compared with wild-type (WT) plants. Additionally, jasmonic acid (JA)-dependent defense responses and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were activated in theCYP716A16-OE lines afterR. solaniAG1-IA inoculation. The comparative transcriptomic and metabolomics analysis of CYP716A16-OE and the WT lines showed that OE ofCYP716A16activated the biosynthesis of flavonoids and increased the amounts of narcissoside, methylophiopogonanone A, oroxin A, and amentoflavone in plants.ConclusionBased on these results, we suggest that JA-dependent response, ROS level, multiple resistance-related proteins, and flavonoid contents play an important role inCYP716A16-regulatedR. solaniAG1-IA andXooresistance. Our results broaden our knowledge regarding the function of a P450 protein 716A subfamily in disease resistance and provide new insight into the molecular mechanism of rice immune response.
The evaluation of levosimendan in patients with acute myocardial infarction related ventricular septal rupture undergoing cardiac surgery: a prospective observational cohort study with propensity score analysis
Authors: Li Ze-Shi , Wang Kuo , Pan Tuo , Sun Yan-Hua , Liu Chang , Cheng Yong-Qing , Zhang He , Zhang Hai-Tao , Wang Dong-Jin , Chen Zu-Jun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractStudy objectiveThe purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of levosimendan in patients with acute myocardial infarction related ventricular septal rupture (AMI-VSR) underwent cardiac surgery.DesignProspective observational cohort study with propensity score analysis.PatientsThere were 261 patients with AMI-VSR in our study. After 1:1 propensity matching, 106 patients (53 levosimendan and 53 control) were selected in the matched cohort.InterventionsNone.MeasurementsPatients who received levosimendan were assigned to the levosimendan group (n = 164). The patients who were not received were levosimendan assigned to the control group (n = 97). The levosimendan was initiated immediately after cardiopulmonary bypass. Then, it has been maintained during the postoperative 3 days. The poor outcomes were identified as follows: death and postoperative complications (postoperative stroke, low cardiac output syndromeneeded mechanical circulatory support after surgery, acute kidney injury (≥ stage III), postoperative infection or septic shock, new developed atrial fibrillation or ventricular arrhythmias).Main resultsBefore matching, the control group had more length of ICU stay (6.69 ± 3.90 d vs. 5.20 ± 2.24 d,p < 0.001) and longer mechanical ventilation time (23 h, IQR: 16–53 h vs. 16 h, IQR: 11–23 h,p < 0.001). Other postoperative outcomes have not shown significant differences between two groups. After matching, no significant difference was found between both groups for all postoperative outcomes. The Kaplan–Meier survivul estimate and log-rank test showed that the 90-day survival had no significant differences between two groups before and after matching.ConclusionOur study found that a low-dose infusion of levosimendan in AMI-VSR patients underwent surgical repair did not associated with positively affect to postoperative outcomes.
Postoperative pulmonary complications with adjuvant regional anesthesia versus general anesthesia alone: a sub-analysis of the Perioperative Research Network study
Authors: Bartels Karsten , Frendl Gyorgy , Sprung Juraj , Weingarten Toby N. , Subramaniam Balachundhar , Martinez Ruiz Ricardo , Lee Jae-Woo , Henderson William G. , Moss Angela , Sodickson Alissa , Giquel Jadelis , Vidal Melo Marcos Francisco , Fernandez-Bustamante Ana ,   for the Perioperative Research Network (PRN) investigators, Amar David , Bartels Karsten , Blum James , Chen Lee-Lynn , Desiderio Dawn , Douin David Josh , Fernandez-Bustamante Ana , Eikermann Matthias , Frendl Gyorgy , Giquel Jadelis , Grecu Loreta , Gupta Ravindra Alok , Karan Suzanne , Kor Daryl J. , Lee Jae-Woo , Martinez Ruiz Ricardo , Musch Guido , Sprung Juraj , Subramaniam Balachundhar , Sodickson Alissa , Tanaka Pedro , Vidal Melo Marcos Francisco , Wanderer Jonathan P. , Weingarten Toby N. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Adjuvant regional anesthesia is often selected for patients or procedures with high risk of pulmonary complications after general anesthesia. The benefit of adjuvant regional anesthesia to reduce postoperative pulmonary complications remains uncertain. In a prospective observational multicenter study, patients scheduled for non-cardiothoracic surgery with at least one postoperative pulmonary complication surprisingly received adjuvant regional anesthesia more frequently than those with no complications. We hypothesized that, after adjusting for surgical and patient complexity variables, the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications would not be associated with adjuvant regional anesthesia.

Methods
We performed a secondary analysis of a prospective observational multicenter study including 1202 American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status 3 patients undergoing non-cardiothoracic surgery. Patients were classified as receiving either adjuvant regional anesthesia or general anesthesia alone. Predefined pulmonary complications within the first seven postoperative days were prospectively identified. Groups were compared using bivariable and multivariable hierarchical logistic regression analyses for the outcome of at least one postoperative pulmonary complication.

Results
Adjuvant regional anesthesia was performed in 266 (22.1%) patients and not performed in 936 (77.9%). The incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications was greater in patients receiving adjuvant regional anesthesia (42.1%) than in patients without it (30.9%) (site adjusted p = 0.007), but this association was not confirmed after adjusting for covariates (adjusted OR 1.37; 95% CI, 0.83–2.25; p = 0.165).

Conclusion
After adjusting for surgical and patient complexity, adjuvant regional anesthesia versus general anesthesia alone was not associated with a greater incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications in this multicenter cohort of non-cardiothoracic surgery patients.