bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regional and local determinants of drought resilience in tropical forests
Authors: Köpp Hollunder Renan , Garbin Mário Luís , Rubio Scarano Fabio , Mariotte Pierre 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe increase in severity of droughts associated with greater mortality and reduced vegetation growth is one of the main threats to tropical forests. Drought resilience of tropical forests is affected by multiple biotic and abiotic factors varying at different scales. Identifying those factors can help understanding the resilience to ongoing and future climate change. Altitude leads to high climate variation and to different forest formations, principally moist or dry tropical forests with contrasted vegetation structure. Each tropical forest can show distinct responses to droughts. Locally, topography is also a key factor controlling biotic and abiotic factors related to drought resilience in each forest type. Here, we show that topography has key roles controlling biotic and abiotic factors in each forest type. The most important abiotic factors are soil nutrients, water availability, and microclimate. The most important biotic factors are leaf economic and hydraulic plant traits, and vegetation structure. Both dry tropical forests and ridges (steeper and drier habitats) are more sensitive to droughts than moist tropical forest and valleys (flatter and wetter habitats). The higher mortality in ridges suggests that conservative traits are not sufficient to protect plants from drought in drier steeper habitats. Our synthesis highlights that altitude and topography gradients are essential to understand mechanisms of tropical forest's resilience to future drought events. We described important factors related to drought resilience, however, many important knowledge gaps remain. Filling those gaps will help improve future practices and studies about mitigation capacity, conservation, and restoration of tropical ecosystems.
Metabolic and immunological responses ofDrosophila melanogasterto dietary restriction and bacterial infection differ substantially between genotypes in a population
Authors: Meshrif Wesam S. , Elkayal Sandy H. , Soliman Mohamed A. , Seif Amal I. , Roeder Thomas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTo respond to changing environmental conditions, a population may either shift toward better‐adapted genotypes or adapt on an individual level. The present work aimed to quantify the relevance of these two processes by comparing the responses of definedDrosophila melanogasterpopulations to different stressors. To do this, we infected two homogeneous populations (isofemale lines), which differ significantly in fitness, and a synthetic heterogeneous population with a specific pathogen and/or exposed them to food restriction.Pectobacterium carotovorumwas used to infectDrosophilalarvae either fed standard or protein‐restricted diet. In particular, the two homogeneous groups, which diverged in their fitness, showed considerable differences in all parameters assessed (survivorship, protein and lipid contents, phenol‐oxidase (PO) activity, and antibacterial rate). Under fully nutritious conditions, larvae of the homogeneous population with low fitness exhibited lower survivorship and protein levels, as well as higher PO activity and antibacterial rate compared with the fitter population. A protein‐restricted diet and bacterial infection provoked a decrease in survivorship, and antibacterial rate in most populations. Bacterial infection elicited an opposite response in protein and lipid content in both isofemale lines tested. Interestingly, the heterogeneous population showed a complex response pattern. The response of the heterogeneous population followed the fit genotype in terms of survival and antibacterial activity but followed the unfit genotype in terms of PO activity. In conclusion, our results show that defined genotypes exhibit highly divergent responses to varying stressors that are difficult to predict. Furthermore, the responses of heterogeneous populations do not follow a fixed pattern showing a very high degree of plasticity and differences between different genotypes.
Testing the role of local plant chemical diversity on plant–herbivore interactions and plant species coexistence
Authors: Salazar Diego , Marquis Robert J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAccumulating evidence suggests that herbivorous insects influence the local composition and richness of Neotropical plant species, particularly in species‐rich genera. Species richness, phylogenetic diversity, and chemical diversity all influence the ability of insect herbivores to find and utilize their hosts. The relative impact of these components of diversity on species coexistence and plant–herbivore interactions is not well understood. We constructed 60 local communities of up to 13 species of Piper (Piperaceae) in native, mature forest at a lowland wet forest location in Costa Rica. The species composition of each community was chosen such that species richness, phylogenetic diversity, and GCMS‐based chemical diversity were varied independently among communities. We predicted that chemical diversity would most strongly affect the communities across time, with smaller effects of taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity. At 13 months after the experimental planting, we assessed survivorship of each cutting, measured total leaf area loss of the survivors, leaf area loss to generalist and specialist herbivorous insect species, and local extinction of species. Generalist and specialist herbivory decreased with increasing levels of species richness and phylogenetic diversity, respectively. Surprisingly, there was no independent effect of chemical diversity on any of the three measures of herbivore damage. Nevertheless, plots with a higher chemical and phylogenetic diversity showed decreased plant mortality and local species extinction. Overall, our results suggested that both chemical and phylogenetic similarity are important factors in the assembly and maintenance of tropical plant communities. The fact that chemical diversity influences plant mortality suggests that leaf herbivores, and possibly other plant natural enemies, could increase plant diversity via the selective mortality of similar chemotypes.
Island biogeography at the mesoscale: Distance from forest edge affects choice of patch size by ovipositing treefrogs
Authors: Resetarits William J. , Potts Kevin M. , Scott Reed C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDiversity in habitat patches is partly driven by variation in patch size, which affects extinction, and isolation, which affects immigration. Patch size also affects immigration as a component of patch quality. In wetland ecosystems, where variation in patch size and interpatch distance is ubiquitous, relationships between size and isolation may involve trade‐offs. We assayed treefrog oviposition at three patch sizes in arrays of two types, one where size increased with distance from forest (dispersed) and one with all patches equidistant from forest (equidistant), testing directly for an interaction between patch size and distance, which was highly significant. Medium patches in dispersed arrays received more eggs than those in equidistant arrays as use of typically preferred larger patches was reduced in dispersed arrays. Our results demonstrated a habitat selection trade‐off between preferred large and less‐preferred medium patches across small‐scale variation in isolation. Such patch size/isolation relationships are critical to community assembly and to understanding how diversity is maintained within a metapopulation and metacommunity framework, especially as wetland habitat becomes increasingly rare and fragmented. These results bring lessons of island biogeography, writ large, to bear on questions at small scales where ecologists often work and where habitat restoration is most often focused.
Recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide ameliorates venous return function in congestive heart failure
Authors: Luo Jing‐chao , Zhang Yi‐Jie , Huang Dan‐lei , Wang Huan , Luo Ming‐hao , Hou Jun‐yi , Hao Guang‐wei , Su Ying , Tu Guo‐wei , Luo Zhe 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimsRecombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (rh‐BNP) is commonly used as a decongestive therapy. This study aimed to investigate the instant effects of rh‐BNP on cardiac output and venous return function in post‐cardiotomy patients with congestive heart failure (CHF).Methods and resultsTwenty‐four post‐cardiotomy heart failure patients were enrolled and received a standard loading dose of rh‐BNP. Haemodynamic monitoring was performed via a pulmonary artery catheter before and after the administration of rh‐BNP. The cardiac output and venous return functions were estimated by depicting Frank‐Starling and Guyton curves. After rh‐BNP infusion, variables reflecting cardiac congestion and venous return function, such as pulmonary artery wedge pressure, mean systemic filling pressure (Pmsf) and venous return resistance index (VRRI), reduced from 15 ± 3 to 13 ± 3 mmHg, from 32 ± 7 to 28 ± 7 mmHg and from 6.7 ± 2.6 to 5.7 ± 1.8 mmHg min m2/L, respectively. Meanwhile, cardiac index, stroke volume index, and the cardiac output function curve remained unchanged per se. The decline in Pmsf [−13% (−22% to −8%)] and VRRI [−12% (−25% to −5%)] was much greater than that in the systemic vascular resistance index [−7% (−14% to 0%)]. In the subgroup analysis of reduced ejection fraction (<40%) patients, the aforementioned changes were more significant.Conclusionsrh‐BNP might ameliorate venous return rather than cardiac output function in post‐cardiotomy CHF patients.
Light‐Mediated Aminocatalysis: The Dual‐Catalytic Ability Enabling New Enantioselective Route
Authors: Roy Sourav , Paul Hrishikesh , Chatterjee Indranil 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOver the last few decades, primary and secondary amines have been enormously used to trigger numerous valuable transformations. Likewise, modern‐day chemistry has witnessed the potentiality of visible‐light photoredox catalysis via single photoelectron transfer reactions. Recently, their synergistic effect has proved to be a crucial synthetic pillar, as several elegant protocols have their accessibility only under the cooperative action of this dual catalytic system. This catalytic system showcases a new green and sustainable synthetic approach which is advantageous from other methods. The emerging area of research demonstrates high efficiency of this dual‐catalytic system to access the plethora of molecular complexity enantioselectively. This Review comprises several momentous developments that surfaced in the last five years in the field of photoredox‐amine dual catalysis underpinning all types of synthetic transformations. By adapting the scope of each strategy, this Review will assist and inspire further development in this thriving field.
Critical success factors for the implementation and management of energy cloud environments
Authors: Schaefer Jones Luís , Siluk Julio Cezar Mairesse , de Carvalho Patrícia Stefan 
Published: May 2022

SummaryEnergy management systems, both at the level of end‐users and companies and organizations, are migrating from a centralized way to cloud‐based environments, thus generating virtual environments for the users to manage their energy generation, storage, and consumption. This energy management system, also called Energy Cloud (EC), is driven by the distributed generation of renewable energies, electric vehicles, and new energy storage technologies, thus providing ample flexibility and autonomy to users. In this sense, the objective of this article is to identify, evaluate, and discuss the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) that impact the implementation and management of EC environments. For this, an approach based on a survey with experts and the Multi‐attribute Utility Theory multicriteria method was used, evaluating the impact levels of CSFs for EC by grouping them according to business areas and structuring them hierarchically in a decision tree. Thus, this research shows that the implementation of EC environments depends more heavily on the energy infrastructure, data management, and the computational systems that process this data. This shows the need for investments in infrastructure renewal and also in the development of new and innovative technological solutions for energy management. Another important result was the evidence of the centralizing role that the users who make up the EC environments have, demanding easier access to the technologies that make up this energy management trend, as well as greater freedoms and decision autonomy, establishing themselves in the role of free users in a dynamic and flexible energy market.
Generalizable predictive modeling of semantic processing ability from functional brain connectivity
Authors: Meng Danting , Wang Suiping , Wong Patrick C. M. , Feng Gangyi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSemantic processing (SP) is one of the critical abilities of humans for representing and manipulating conceptual and meaningful information. Neuroimaging studies of SP typically collapse data from many subjects, but its neural organization and behavioral performance vary between individuals. It is not yet understood whether and how the individual variabilities in neural network organizations contribute to the individual differences in SP behaviors. We aim to identify the neural signatures underlying SP variabilities by analyzing functional connectivity (FC) patterns based on a large‐sample Human Connectome Project (HCP) dataset and rigorous predictive modeling. We used a two‐stage predictive modeling approach to build an internally cross‐validated model and to test the model's generalizability with unseen data from different HCP samples and other out‐of‐sample datasets. FC patterns within a putative semantic brain network were significantly predictive of individual SP scores summarized from five SP‐related behavioral tests. This cross‐validated model can be used to predict unseen HCP data. The model generalizability was enhanced in the language task compared with other tasks used during scanning and was better for females than males. The model constructed from the HCP dataset can be partially generalized to two independent cohorts that participated in different semantic tasks. FCs connecting to the Perisylvian language network show the most reliable contributions to predictive modeling and the out‐of‐sample generalization. These findings contribute to our understanding of the neural sources of individual differences in SP, which potentially lay the foundation for personalized education for healthy individuals and intervention for SP and language deficits patients.
Obinutuzumab does not improve complete methabolic response but does not compromise mobilization or engraftment of autologous peripheral blood stem cells in diffuse large B cell lymphoma: Results from a fondazione italiana linfomi prospective phase II study (the GIOTTO study)
Authors: Rigacci Luigi , Battistini Roberta , Kovalchuk Sofia , Zoli Valerio , Puccini Benedetta , Evangelista Andrea , Arcaini Luca , Flenghi Leonardo , Visco Carlo , Mian Michael , Di Rocco Alice , Peracchio Claudia , Gotti Manuel , Tisi Maria Chiara , Palombi Francesca , Pozzi Samantha , Gioia Daniela , Viero Piera , Martelli Maurizio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSalvage immunochemotherapy and transplant consolidation is the standard treatment for relapsed or refractory (R/R) diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We tested a combination of Obinutuzumab and DHAP for treating R/R DLBCL. The primary end point was the rate of complete metabolic response (CMR). Secondary end points were stem cell mobilization, stem cell engraftment, overall survival, and feasibility. In this prospective, phase‐2, single‐arm trial (EudraCT 2014‐004014‐17) patients received the standard three doses of Obinutuzumab for the first cycle, and then one dose. Patients with CMR were consolidated with an autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). An interim analysis was provided after the first 29 patients to confirm the initial null hypothesis that at least 10/29 patients would achieve CMR. Among the 29 patients evaluated for the first stage only six patients (6/29, 21%) achieved CMR, thus, study enrollment was stopped. Nine patients exhibited extra‐hematologic toxicities ≥ grade 3. Among the 19 patients that started stem cell mobilization, one failed (5%) and 18 achieved mobilization (95%). Of these 18 patients, nine were reinfused. Mobilization was observed in 16 patients (89%) after one or two apheresis rounds. The mean number of CD34 + cells mobilized was 5.8 × 106/Kg (median: 5.5, IQR: 5–6.75). The mean number of reinfused CD34 + cells in the nine patients was 4.1 × 106/Kg (median: 4.1, IQR: 3.5–5). Obinutuzumab combined with DHAP did not compromise stem cell mobilization or engraftment after ASCT in patients with DLBCL. However, Obinutuzumab + DHAP provided a lower CMR rate than expected.
Numerical analogy of bioheat transfer and microwave cancer therapy for liver tissue
Authors: Biswas Chaity , Nasrin Rehena , Ahmad Muhammad S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA numerical study of microwave cancer therapy for cylindrical‐shaped liver tissue with an elliptical‐shaped liver tumor has been carried out by this study. The time‐dependent electromagnetic wave and the bio‐heat transfer equations have been used as the governing equations and solved with appropriate boundary conditions using Galerkin's weighted residual scheme built‐in finite element method‐based COMSOL Multiphysics software. The coaxial applicator as well as the effects of different microwave input power levels (from 5 to 25 W), frequencies (from 0.7 to 5 GHz), and treatment time (from 0 to 1000 s) on hepatocellular carcinoma have been examined by this simulation and displayed graphically in terms of the microwave power dissipation, isothermal lines inside liver tissue, time‐dependent profiles of temperature at different locations inside the tumor, specific absorption rate (SAR), and surface average transient temperature distribution of tumor tissue. The results demonstrate that microwave input antenna power and frequency have significant impacts on the temperature distribution and SAR values of liver tissue. When the microwave input power, as well as frequency, is increased, SAR and tissue temperature values also increase but the high temperature is harmful to healthy tissue. It is observed from the performed analysis that the mean temperature of the tumor cell is about 56.86°C at a time of 180 s using 10 W microwave input power and 2.45 GHz frequency.
No data left behind
Authors: Visser Ingmar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractInfant research notoriously suffers from small samples, resulting in low power. Beyond increasing sample sizes, improving the reliability of our measurements can also increase power and help find more reliable effects. Byers‐Heinlein, Bergmann and Savalei (2021) provide both an analysis of the problem of (low) reliability and a number of valuable recommendations. One of the recommendations is to ‘exclude unreliable data’. Although this may increase the effect size found in the remaining data, it can also unjustifiably bias the estimates when it is unknown what the cause of the unreliability is. In such cases, it is better to embrace the variability and use it to characterize the population: variability is also informative. Modern analytical techniques can be used to deal with variability and with missing data. No data should be left behind!HighlightsVariability and individual differences are the bread and butter of developmental science.Discarding variable/unreliable data carries the risk of biasing effect size estimates.Variable and missing data can be dealt with appropriately with modern analytical approaches.Byers‐Heinlein et al. (2021) argue that lack of reliability hinders progress in infant research and they provide recommendations for improving reliability. This is indeed much needed: better measurement instruments, more data/trials per infant, and better reporting of the psychometric properties of measurement instruments will improve inference in individual studies and in our field as a whole. One recommendation however—‘exclude low quality data from analysis’—is risky and unnecessary.
PSC subtyping based on TTF‐1 and p40 expression reveals distinct molecular characteristics and therapeutic strategies
Authors: Yang Zhenlin , Tian He , Li Lin , Li Chao , Xu Jiachen , Bie Fenglong , Chen Ying , Tian Yanhua , Bai Guangyu , Peng Yue , Yang Junhui , Fan Tao , Xiao Chu , Liu Wenchao , Liu Lei , Li Renda , Sun Sijin , Zheng Bo , Tan Fengwei , Ying Jianming , Li Chunxiang , Gao Shugeng , He Jie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) is a unique form of poorly differentiated nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and is notorious for its highly malignant nature and dismal prognosis. To introduce effective treatment for PSC patients, precise subtyping of PSC is demanding. In our study, TTF‐1 and P40 immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining were applied to 56 PSC patients with multiomics data. According to IHC results, we categorized these patients into three subgroups and profiled their molecular contexture using bioinformatic skills. IHC results classified these patients into three subgroups: TTF‐1 positive subgroup (n = 27), P40 positive subgroup (n = 15) and double‐negative subgroup (n = 14). Spindle cell samples accounted for 35.71% (5/14) of double‐negative patients, higher than others (P = .034). The three subgroups were heterogeneous in the genomic alteration spectrum, showing significant differences in the RTK/RAS pathway (P = .004) and the cell cycle pathway (P = .030). The methylation profile of the double‐negative subgroup was between the other two subgroups. In similarity analysis, the TTF‐1 and p40 subgroups were closely related to LUAD and LUSC, respectively. The TTF‐1 positive subgroup had the highest leukocyte fraction (LF) among several cancer types, and the tumor mutation burden (TMB) of the p40 positive subgroup ranked third in the TMB list, suggesting the applicability of immunotherapy for PSC. The study established a new subtyping method of PSC based on IHC results and reveals three subgroups with distinct molecular features, providing evidence for refined stratification in the treatment of PSC.
Critical factors affecting the decision to adopt cloud computing in Saudi health care organizations
Authors: Ayadi Faouzi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis research aims to identify factors that affect cloud computing (CC) adoption decisions among Saudi health care organizations. More precisely, a research model has been developed and tested to present factors that can facilitate or inhibit the decision to adopt CC in such organizations. In addition to its theoretical contributions, this model would help to formulate some recommendations that can aid IT/IS managers in Saudi health care organizations in making the right decisions when adopting cloud solutions. These managerial contributions are very interesting since the health care sector is very advanced and the number of health care organizations searching for new and effective IT solutions is growing quickly in Saudi Arabia. A quantitative type of research was conducted using a self‐administered survey methodology. Data collected from 123 Saudi health care organizations are used to test the research hypotheses. They are analyzed by using XLStat by structural equation modeling. The findings revealed that top managers' support and adequate resources, competitive pressure, and security and compatibility, representing organizational, environmental and technology factors, respectively, are perceived as significant factors for adopting a CC system. Considering the direct and indirect effects of the main variables on CC decisions regarding adoption, we propose some recommendations that would benefit decision‐makers and scholars in this area.