bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Domain contrastive-based prototype discriminant network for few-shot rotating machinery fault diagnosis under variable working conditions
Authors: Hu Junwei , Sun Heyang , Li Yang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The vigorous development of data-driven methods has promoted the application of intelligent fault diagnosis technology in various manufacturing industries. However, it is difficult for the model to obtain satisfactory diagnosis results and generalization performance with small samples under variable working conditions. To solve these problems, a new prototype discriminant network based on domain contrast learning is proposed, which has self-supervised few-shot cross-domain fault diagnosis capability. First, sample pairs are constructed based on differences in data domain distribution. The domain-invariant features between classes are extracted by increasing the distance between classes and reducing the differences within classes using unsupervised training. Then, a prototype discriminant network is used to accurately diagnose under few-shot and variable working conditions. To realize accurate diagnosis in two typical rotating machinery diagnosis cases of bearings and gearboxes, the performance of the proposed framework is verified, and higher diagnostic accuracy and generalization performance are achieved compared to existing methods.
Detection of subsurface cracks in mesostructure models of concrete using Rayleigh wave propagation
Authors: Sun Xiaohui , Fan Shuli , Liu Yingzhou , Liu Chunguang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Subsurface cracks may remain undetected until significant harm occurs, which often lead to their neglect in conventional nondestructive evaluations. In addition, the scattering of the elastic waves may affect the detection results. This study investigates the impact of the presence of aggregates on the identification and quantification of subsurface cracks using Rayleigh wave propagation. To achieve this purpose, concrete mesostructure models that integrate absorbing boundaries using the stiffness reduction method and subsurface cracks are constructed. The expected arrival times of the waves are derived and compared with the B-scans to examine the propagation path of the mode-converted body waves. Furthermore, we introduce a novel signal extraction technique using the energy spectrum based on wavelet coefficients and a knowledge-based rule to assess the depth of subsurface cracks. Finally, attempts are made to demonstrate and validate the far-field signal enhancement phenomenon of subsurface cracks using mode conversion theories and the proposed area ratio index. The results show that the theoretical curves and B-scan maps are well aligned, suggesting that the analysis of the waveform propagation path is accurate. The proposed method is quite robust for both homogeneous and heterogeneous material configurations. The crack parameters can be obtained using the fitted curve obtained by determining the peak frequency of the transmitted signal.
An Improved Complementary Gray Code Combine Phase-shifting Profilometry Based on Phase Adjustment
Authors: Han Shuhuan , Yang Yanxi , Zhang Xinyu , Zhao Xubo , li xinjie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In fringe projection profilometry, the method of solving 3D information by combining Gray code fringe images with phase-shifting fringe images has been widely used, in practice, there may still be phase mismatch between wrapped phase and complementary Gray code arrays. Based on the above problems, this paper proposes an improved complementary Gray code combine phase-shifting profilometry based on phase adjustment. Firstly, the projected images are calibrated in advance, that is, the initial phase (images order) of the phase-shifting fringe images are adjusted, so that the wrapped phase and the Gray code arrays match each other, and this images order is called the best order. Then, in the following practical measurements, the phase-shifting fringe images are substituted into the phase-shifting equation in accordance with this best order to obtain the wrapped phase. Finally, phase unwrapping is performed by the complementary Gray code phase unwrapping method to get the final unwrapped phase and 3D information from phase-height mapping method. The proposed method could effectively improve the measurement quality without adding new projection images compared to the traditional complementary Gray code combine phase-shifting profilometry. Experiment shows that the proposed method could improve the accuracy by 89.63% and 89.76% about root mean square error and mean absolute error compare with the traditional complementary Gray code combine phase-shifting method (which has phase mismatch at this time), improve the accuracy by -10.11% and -8.53% about root mean square error and mean absolute error, improve the efficiency compare with multi-frequency-temporal phase-unwrapping.
A validated Monte Carlo model for a CdTe-based photon-counting detector at higher flux rates
Authors: Konrad Sebastian , Klemm Timo , Hupfer Martin , Stierstorfer Karl , Buzug Thorsten M , Maier Andreas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Objective: Statistical properties of a CdTe photon-counting detector were simulated using a dedicated Monte Carlo model that includes spatial and spectral correlations. A measurement of the same properties was done to validate the simulation and gain further understanding of the detector.&#xD;Approach: Photon histories were calculated using a Monte Carlo X-ray simulation program using energy dependent interaction probabilities of the incoming photons. Pulse forms corresponding to photon interaction locations were taken from a pre-calculated pulse shape lookup table and were inserted into simulated pulse trains. These pulse trains were evaluated. Measurements were done on a clinical CT scanner equipped with photon-counting detectors. The examined properties of the detector are detected counts, variances, variance-to-mean-ratios, as well as various spectral-spatial correlations connecting different thresholds in neighboring pixels.&#xD;Main results: The simulated data reproduced all trends observed in the statistics of the detector. Spectral correlations between threshold in one pixel showed an excellent agreement between simulation and measurement, both for low and higher fluxes. Spatial correlations between lower thresholds were slightly overestimated in simulations. &#xD;Significance: The comparison of measured and simulated data shows that the simulation models the statistics of the detector well. This allows further investigation of the detector on a simulated basis and allows using the simulation to further optimize the detector design.&#xD;Key words: photon-counting detector, spectral response, detector statistics, Monte Carlo simulation &#xD;
Chebyshev-Fourier forced vibration analysis of laminated annular plates coupled with periodically distributed dynamic vibration absorbers
Authors: Gong Qingtao , Teng Yao , Ma Binjie , Li Xin , Guo Sheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study established a dynamic analysis model for laminated annular plates coupled with periodically distributed dynamic vibration absorbers (DVAs). Based on the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT), the kinetic energy, strain energy, external work, and boundary spring potential energy of the structure were derived using the energy method and penalty function approach, and the Lagrangian energy functional of the structure was constructed. According to the model simplification principle, the DVAs were simplified into basic elements consisting of mass blocks coupled with spring-damper systems. The displacement functions of the structure were described using the Chebyshev-Fourier method (CFM). The Rayleigh-Ritz method and the implicit Newmark method were applied to solve the energy functional for free and forced vibrations, yielding the natural frequencies, vibration responses under external forces, and vibrational energy of the structure. A series of comparative analyses were conducted, comparing the SGM results with published data and finite element method (FEM) results, which verified the validity of the proposed method. Based on this, the effects of material parameters, annular plate dimensions, boundary constraints, and DVA installation parameters on the vibration characteristics of the structure were investigated. The findings demonstrated that the installation of distributed DVAs can effectively suppress the vibration of the structure.
Band Gap Modulation of a new Janus-non Janus Hybrid MoSSe monolayer: A DFT Study
Authors: Diery Wajood A 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The family of two-dimensional molybdenum-based transition-metal dichalcogenides has recently grown to include Janus and non-Janus structures, which offer unique properties for nanoelectronic and optoelectronic applications. This study took this a step further by introducing the new Hybrid-I MoSSe, which is a combination of Janus and non-Janus MoSSe monolayers. Based on density functional&#xD;theory calculations, the Hybrid-I MoSSe monolayer exhibited higher stability than the conventional Janus MoSSe and Hybrid-II MoSSe, as indicated by cohesive energy and phonon dispersion analyses. It exhibited a direct band gap of 1.54 eV, which reduced to 1.44 eV with spin–orbit coupling. Calculation of the optical properties indicated that the Hybrid-I MoSSe monolayer had high absorption and low&#xD;reflectivity in the visible spectrum, enhancing its potential for solar cell and photodetector applications. Various methods for band gap modulation, including biaxial strain, external electric fields, layer thickness variation, and heterostructure formation, demonstrated effective control over electronic properties. For example, a shift from direct to indirect band gaps occurred at a tensile stress of 4% and compressive stress of -8%. This transition also occurred in Hybrid-I–non-Janus MoSSe and both Hybrid-I–Janus MoSSe heterostructures. Our results demonstrate that the Hybrid-I MoSSe monolayer combines stability with tunable electronic properties, making it a promising candidate material for the next generation of nanoelectronics and optoelectronics applications.
Entanglement and asymmetric quantum steering in a nonlinear cavity-magnon system with two-fold periodic amplitude modulation
Authors: He Yuhong , Wang Jiajia , Jiang Li-zhen , Liao Changgeng , Dunningham Jacob A 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We show how robust magnon-magnon (or photon-magnon) entanglement and asymmetric quantum steering can be achieved in a nonlinear cavity-magnon system composed of a microwave cavity and two yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) spheres, which are each driven by external microwave driving fields. The self-Kerr nonlinearity (SKN) of two magnons drives this behaviour and we study how two-fold periodically-modulated driving fields influence the system dynamics. We find that beating occurs both in the classical average of the cavity mode and in the entanglement between modes. Moreover, the use of modulated driving fields can enhance the degree of entanglement generated as well as giving rise to asymmetric quantum steering effects that would not otherwise be present. Finally, we show that the entanglement generated this way has improved robustness to thermal noise opening the way to potential applications of magnon-based hybrid systems in quantum information processing and studies of fundamental physics.
Comprehensive Tolerance Analysis and Improvement Strategies for the Final 6.5 m Wide-field MUltiplexed Survey Telescope
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Bian Qi , Tian Zhongtian , Dai Xiaodong , Guo Liquan , Cai Zheng , Huang Song , Lu Lu , Zheng Yamin , Huang Lei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
To fulfill the urgent requirement for large-scale spectroscopic survey telescopes with wide field of view in modern astronomy, the 6.5 m MUltiplexed Survey Telescope (MUST) has been presented by Tsinghua University and the final optical design consisting of a Ritchey–Chretien system and a 1.6 m five-element wide-field corrector has been determined after abundant iterations and communications with vendors. This optical system guarantees excellent performance with the 80% enclosed energy diameter not greater than 0

.

″

524 within 2

.

°

8 field of view over 55° zenith angle. However, there will be various errors in fabrication and assembly and more dynamic errors induced by environmental temperature and gravity during sky survey, all causing unexpected performance deterioration. To get rid of those errors, the corresponding improvement strategies are proposed and verified. The aberrations caused by fabrication and assembly errors can be optimized by adjusting the position of the secondary mirror and adding spacers between optical components, while the thermal-induced and gravity-induced errors can be compensated by dynamically adjusting the position of the secondary mirror and modifying the surface figure of the primary mirror during tracking. The improvement strategies showing satisfactory results are significant and referenceable for the subsequent construction of MUST.
MHD analysis of electromagnetic GAMs in up-down asymmetric tokamaks
Authors: Chen Zhe , Li Yixiang , Ren Haijun , Wang Hao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We analytically investigate geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs) in tokamak plasmas with up-down asymmetric and non-circular cross-sections using magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and a Miller-like flux surface model. Explicit expressions for GAM frequency, magnetic field perturbations, and Lagrangian displacement are presented. Our results reveal that (I) up-down asymmetry (σ) slightly increases the GAM frequency and introduces additional sin or cos components (opposite to the dominant component) to the perturbations; (II) the inverse aspect ratio (ɛ), the gradient of the Shafranov shift (

Δ

′

), triangularity (δ), and its gradient (s

δ
) can induce additional subdominant components of perturbations. The poloidal mode numbers of the dominant and subdominant components differ, and in certain cases, the amplitude of the subdominant component can approach or even exceed that of the dominant component. These results provide analytical explanations for previous MHD and gyro-kinetic simulation outcomes, and offer useful guidance for measuring multiple components of perturbations.
Experimental study on laser welding lap joint of 321 stainless steel sheet
Authors: He Aini 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper conducts laser welding experiments on 1 mm thickness 321 stainless, designing an orthogonal experiment to analyze the relationship between parameters of welding power, welding speed, focal length adjustment, and property of joint. We determine the optimal parameters of the welding procedure: the welding power of 2, 150 W, the welding speed of 1, 200 mm/min, and the defocus of 8 mm. We conduct macroscopic, microscopic, ferrite, and shear force examinations on joints produced by optimal parameters of the welding procedure. The study findings indicate that the welds produced with optimized procedure parameters exhibit satisfactory shape, and the microstructure of the welded joint consists of Austenite+Ferrite. The shear strength of the joint complies with standard specifications and exhibits superior shear resistance compared to the parent material. The selected welding procedure is reasonable, and the joint performance meets the specified requirements.
Facile and controllable preparation of SBA-15 submicron particles
Authors: Yu Chuanshun , Long Haibo , Liu Kaixuan , Wu Zeqing , Fu Zhongchao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Based on various conditions to prepare mesoporous silica submicron particles, this study shows that different SBA-15 submicron particles can be prepared in a controlled manner by the partitioned collaborative self-assembly (PCSA) process, and it is unnecessary to use complicated procedures or addition of any reagents. Compared with ordinary SBA-15, the mesoporous silica submicron particles prepared in this paper have the advantages of shorter mesoporous channels and a larger specific surface area. The experimental results show that the before and after additions of TEOS at “8” and “1” and the crystallization temperature of 100°C are the key factors to make the mesoporous silica sub-microparticles. In addition, the mesoporous structure of the mesoporous silica sub-microparticles gradually collapses with the increase of the crystallization temperature above 100°C. When the crystallization temperature reaches 160°C, the specific surface area of the material is sharply reduced by half due to the destruction of the mesoporous structure.
Study on forming and controlling technology of iron oxide for low carton free cutting steel rod
Authors: Wang Liyin , Li Huicheng , Ou Junfei , Yang Chengwei , Zhu Fei , Xie Changsheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper introduces the process and mechanism of iron oxide in the rolling process of low carbon and sulfur-bearing free-cutting steel rods, and studies the influencing factors of oxide forming thickness and structure control by analyzing the forming characteristics of various oxides. To control the wire oxidation scale, which is conducive to pickling and drawing in downstream processing, we optimize and control the rolling process, by reducing the spinning or curling temperature to 900-950°C, reducing the amount of oxide sheet, controlling the thickness of the oxide sheet, and improve the overall quality of oxide sheet. The oxidation thickness of low carbon sulfur-free cutting steel wire rods can be controlled at 20-28 um.
Structural optimization design of nozzle for dry ice cleaning hub fixture
Authors: Wu Changzhong , Zhu Xingyu , Ren Dayang , Lu Yuanyuan , Wang Yongzhuo , An Haibo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In order to ensure that the fixture is not contaminated by spray paint and avoid secondary pollution during the hub spraying process, fixture cleaning is usually required. Traditional artificial solvent wiping has the problems of surface damage and low cost. Therefore, enterprises are more inclined to environmentally friendly and efficient automated dry ice cleaning technology. According to the needs of enterprises and theoretical analysis, this paper will select and design the nozzle of dry ice cleaning hub fixture, and carry out structural optimization and simulation analysis. It is concluded that the contraction angle of 50° and the expansion angle of 8° are the optimal parameters. The velocity of dry ice particles is 14 % higher than that of ordinary venturi nozzles.
A three-point bending specimen device with prefabricated crack offset
Authors: Tian Wei , Cai Gangyi , Fu Li , Wang Lei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The fracture toughness of a material is a measure of its ability to prevent macroscopic crack instability and propagation. It is the critical value of the stress intensity factor, commonly expressed as the energy absorbed by the object before fracture or the work done by the external environment on the object. The basic fracture modes include Type I, Type II, and Type III. The direction of force corresponding to Type II cracks is mainly along the propagation direction of the crack surface. That is, the propagation of Type II cracks is mainly affected by shear force. Generally speaking, there is no standard sample to study the propagation rate of Type II cracks, and it is impossible to predict and prevent the propagation of Type II cracks accurately. Therefore, it is impossible to measure the fracture toughness of Type II materials accurately, and targeted measures cannot be taken to ensure the structural integrity of materials. This article proposes a new type of prefabricated crack offset three-point bending specimen based on this. The crack is prefabricated on the side far from the midpoint of the extensometer opening. In an ideal state, the initial crack direction is consistent with the main stress direction, and the vertical stress is much smaller than the main stress direction. The crack depth can be calculated by the displacement of the extensometer opening to accurately measure the fracture toughness of the material and provide basic support to ensure the integrity of the material structure.
Ultrafast ferroelectric field-effect transistors with low operating voltage based on van der Waals heterostructures
Authors: Meng Dehuan , Liu Shuai , Wang Weiping , Wang Zixin , Hu Xiaoyan , Zhang Xue 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Ferroelectric field-effect transistors, characterized by low operating voltages and ultra-high speeds, are an important non-volatile memory device concept in modern microelectronics. Here, we show ferroelectric field-effect transistors using CuInP2S6 as the ferroelectric layer and MoS2 as the semiconductor channel layer. Thanks to optimized material thicknesses and clean, trap-free interfaces, we have achieved high-performance ferroelectric field-effect transistors with operating voltage as low as 1.5 V and an ultrafast speed of 20 ns. Our devices have a large on/off ratio of about 106 and a large memory window of about 1.7 V. Our results suggest that ferroelectric field-effect transistors are promising candidates for next-generation non-volatile memory applications.
Stress suppression for a cantilever beam with end flexure under heavy load
Authors: Qu Qinhao , Luo Zhenxiong , Tang Jianzhong , Li Zhenhui , Wang Xingyuan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In actual industrial processes, numerous cantilever structures with free ends carry heavy loads weighing several tons. For such structures, fixed supports are often added at the heavy load end, forming a double-supported structure to reduce the large forces and moments imposed on the cantilever structure by the heavy load. However, when the fixed end of the cantilever undergoes deflection due to changes in operating conditions, significant stress is generated in the structure, severely affecting its mechanical lifespan and safety. A follow-up support scheme needs to be designed to improve the lifespan and safety of such structures. This paper focuses on the cantilever structure with a heavy load at the free end and deflection at the fixed end and first designs a follow-up support scheme. Then, based on spatial transformation relationships, the complex deflections at the fixed end are converted into complex deflections at the support end, effectively transforming the deflecting cantilever structure model with a fixed end into a cantilever structure model with a deflecting free end. Strain measurement points are arranged on the cantilever structure, and based on the mechanics of materials, the strain data from these points are used to calculate the compensatory pose needed at the support end. The follow-up support mechanism is then controlled to move according to the required compensatory pose, effectively suppressing stress in the cantilever structure.
A study on the passing performance of a two-tire model of a special vehicle based on a loose road surface
Authors: Zhou Yunbo , Sun Rui , Zhang Ming , Hao Yiyang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In modern warfare, increasingly complex terrain and road conditions pose great challenges to the actual passing speed and maneuverability performance of combat vehicles, especially in terms of soft-surface maneuverability performance. In this paper, for the single road condition and influencing factors existing in the study of soft-surface maneuverability, based on the joint simulation method of multi-body dynamics-discrete element (MBD-DEM), we study and analyze the passing effect of tires, front and rear tire traction performance, and their differences under a different relative humidity of the soil. We also study and analyze the relationship between wheel speed and tire traction efficiency by considering the effect of wheel speed on the traction performance of tires. The relationship between wheel speed and tire traction efficiency was extended considering the effect of wheel speed itself on tire traction performance.