bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineering PdIr Nanostructures Synergistically Induced by Self‐assembled Surfactants and Halide Ions for Alcohol Electrooxidation
Authors: Guo Ke , Fan Dongping , Teng Yixian , Xu Dongdong , Li Yafei , Bao Jianchun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe design and synthesis of metallic nanocatalysts with distinct nanostructures and composition is still a noteworthy topic in the electrochemistry field. In this work, we have realized the morphological evolution of PdIr nanostructures in aqueous solution through the synergistic effect of self‐assembled functional surfactants and different halide ions, and achieved precise control of the kinetic and thermodynamic crystalline growth due to the different reduction potential between PdCl42−, PdBr42−, and PdI42−. The actual precursors of PdCl42− resulted in ultrathin nanodendrites, PdClxBr(4−x)2− for nanosheets and fewer branched nanodendrites, PdClxI(4−x)2− for nanorings, nanoflowers and multiply concave nanocubes. Owing to the synergistic advantages of structure and composition (alloyed Ir), PdIr nanodendrites exhibited enhanced electrocatalytic activity, anti‐poisoning ability, and stability toward alcohols (including ethanol, methanol, and glycerol) electrooxidation reactions. The results would be helpful for thoroughly understanding how structure‐directing surfactants and halide ions synergistically determine the production of advanced metallic nanocrystals.
Aza‐Ortho‐Quinone Methides as Reactive Intermediates: Generation and Utility in Contemporary Asymmetric Synthesis
Authors: Liao Hsuan‐Hung , Miñoza Shinje , Lee Shao‐Chi , Rueping Magnus 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe aza‐ortho‐quinone methide (aza‐o‐QM) chemistry has overwhelmingly progressed in the past few decades. This review aims to integrate various transition metal‐catalyzed and organocatalytic strategies in taming aza‐o‐QM intermediates, including the aza‐ortho‐vinylidene quinone methide (aza‐o‐VQM), aza‐ortho‐alkynyl quinone methide (aza‐o‐AQM), aza‐para‐quinone methide (aza‐p‐QM), and indole‐based aza‐o‐QM analog. These transient species are often utilized for the direct and enantioselective synthesis of complex (hetero)polycyclic or fused‐ring molecular scaffolds such as tetrahydroquinoline and indoline, among others, which are abundant in many natural products, bioactive compounds, and pharmaceuticals.
Synthesis of Carbene‐Metal‐Amido (CMA) Complexes and Their Use as Precatalysts for the Activator‐Free, Gold‐Catalyzed Addition of Carboxylic Acids to Alkynes
Authors: Ibni Hashim Ishfaq , Tzouras Nikolaos V. , Janssens Wim , Scattolin Thomas , Bourda Laurens , Bhandary Subhrajyoti , Van Hecke Kristof , Nolan Steven P. , Cazin Catherine S. J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA straightforward synthetic protocol leading to carbene–metal–amido (CMA) complexes (metal=Au, Cu) using a mild base and an environmentally desirable solvent (EtOH) has been explored, with a focus on complexes bearing backbone‐substitutedN‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands, including BIAN‐NHCs (BIAN=bis(imino)acenaphthene). The novel CMAs were structurally characterized, and gold‐based CMAs bearing diverse NHCs were screened as simple, Brønsted‐basic precatalysts. The readily accessible complexes display high catalytic activity in the intermolecular and intramolecular hydrocarboxylation of internal alkynes and alkynoic acids respectively, while the screening reveals the ancillary ligand effect of NHCs in these catalytic systems.
Modulation of the Naked‐Eye and Fluorescence Color of a Protonated Boron‐Doped Thiazolothiazole by Anion‐Dependent Hydrogen Bonding
Authors: Hagspiel Stephan , Fantuzzi Felipe , Arrowsmith Merle , Gärtner Annalena , Fest Maximilian , Weiser Jonas , Engels Bernd , Helten Holger , Braunschweig Holger 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe reaction of a cyclic alkyl(amino)carbene (CAAC)‐stabilized thiazaborolo[5,4‐d]thiazaborole (TzbTzb) with strong Brønsted acids, such as HCl, HOTf (Tf=O2SCF3) and [H(OEt2)2][BArF4] (ArF=3,5‐(CF3)2C6H3), results in the protonation of both TzbTzb nitrogen atoms. In each case X‐ray crystallographic data show coordination of the counteranions (Cl−, OTf−, BArF4−) or solvent molecules (OEt2) to the doubly protonated fused heterocycle via hydrogen‐bonding interactions, the strength of which strongly influences the 1H NMR shift of the NH protons, enabling tuning of both the visible (yellow to red) and fluorescence (green to red) colors of these salts. DFT calculations reveal that the hydrogen bonding of the counteranion or solvent to the protonated nitrogen centers affects the intramolecular TzbTzb‐to‐CAAC charge transfer character involved in the S0→S1 transition, ultimately enabling fine‐tuning of their absorption and emission spectral features.
A bio‐inspired AlexNet‐DrpXLm architype for an effective brain stroke lesion detection and classification
Authors: Melingi Sunil Babu , Mojjada Ramesh Kumar , Karunakar Reddy Vanga , Pavan Kumar Ch. V. M. S. N. , Ashok Kumar K. 
Published: June 2022

SummaryIn this article, a bio‐inspired AlexNet‐DrpXLm architype is proposed for an effective brain stroke lesion detection and classification within a short period. Here, the input CT image datasets are collected from Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, then the images are preprocessed to take away the noises and also enhance the quality of the images. After that, the input images are trained and the features are extracted with the help of AlexNet model, and then classified as the brain images of normal and abnormal. The last three layers of the AlexNet model are replaced with the dropout extreme learning machine (DrpXLM) classifier to classify the images in efficient manner. The DrpXLM weight parameters are tuned by improved dolphin swarm optimization algorithm. The proposed method attains higher accuracy 99.54%, high precision 90.43%, high F‐score 89.40%, higher specificity 93.56%, higher sensitivity 93.56%, lower computational time 0.02 s, and the proposed method is compared to the existing methods, like random decision forest with gravitational search algorithm, hybrid native Bayes and sample weighted with random forest classification algorithm, and random forest with fractional‐order Darwinian particle swarm optimization.
Context adaptive ensemble classification mechanism with multi‐criteria decision making for network intrusion detection
Authors: Devprasad Kayathri Devi , Ramanujam Sukumar , Rajendran Suresh Babu 
Published: June 2022

SummaryNowadays, intrusion detection systems (IDSs) enabled with computational intelligence for electing the suitable classifiers to learn the patterns of various types of network attacks are under study. Selection mechanism of single or ensemble classifiers based on performance and ranking is to be enabled in the IDS framework to make accurate pattern predictions. A new anomaly based network intrusion detection system framework is proposed using context adaptive classification through the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) ranking mechanism with hierarchy based chi‐square and bat algorithms for feature selection. Parameters like accuracy, false positive rate (FPR), and classification model building time are explored for choosing the best and situation aware classifiers using TOPSIS. For experimentation, NSL‐KDD and UNSW‐NB15 datasets are used. The proposed system opts decision tree (DT) algorithm for NSL‐KDD and produces 98.77% accuracy, 0.03% FPR with 8 features. Ensemble learner is selected for the UNSW‐NB15 dataset using DT and support vector machine classifiers with 9 features. Combined classifier predicts 89.43% accuracy and 3.215% FPR. Experimentation on the proposed methodology with the state of the art approaches produces promising results.
Diverse Applications of Biomass‐Derived 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural and Derivatives as Renewable Starting Materials
Authors: Chacón‐Huete Franklin , Messina Cynthia , Cigana Brandon , Forgione Pat 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis Review summarizes recent efforts to capitalize on 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and related furans as emerging building blocks for the synthesis of fine chemicals and materials, with a focus on advanced applications within medicinal and polymer chemistry, as well as nanomaterials. As with all chemical industries, these fields have historically relied heavily on petroleum‐derived starting materials, an unsustainable and polluting feedstock. Encouragingly, the emergent chemical versatility of biomass‐derived furans has been shown to facilitate derivatization towards valuable targets. Continued work on the synthetic manipulation of HMF, and related derivatives, for access to a wide range of target compounds and materials is crucial for further development. Increasingly, biomass‐derived furans are being utilized for a wide range of chemical applications, the continuation of which is paramount to accelerate the paradigm shift towards a sustainable chemical industry.
Commentary on: Pre‐clinical platforms to study therapeutic efficacy of human γδ T cells
Authors: Guha Rupa , Waddell Jaylyn , Banerjee Aditi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis commentary describes chimeric antigen receptors (CAR)‐T cells' impact on solid tumors using novel preclinical models. In haematological malignancies, CAR‐T therapy has had a lot of success. Unfortunately, due to the complex tumour microenvironment (TME) within a solid tumour and the lack of a preclinical model that can recreate this TME complexity, this treatment for solid tumors has failed. Lingling et al., 2022, documented four melanoma organoid models that address many of the significant TME clinical concerns with CAR‐T therapy in solid tumors and observed that γδ T cells treatment in combination with checkpoint inhibitors could significantly improve its infiltration as well as efficacy.
Efficient user pairing for minimization of capacity loss and outage probability in downlink non‐orthogonal multiple access systems
Authors: Abd‐Elnaby Mohammed 
Published: June 2022

SummaryNon‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a potential technology for the fifth‐generation (5G) cellular systems. The main task of the user pairing (UP) in NOMA is the selection of the paired users according to their channel gains. In this paper, an efficient UP algorithm is proposed to enhance the performance metrics of NOMA systems such as capacity, fairness, and outage probability. Firstly, the impact of the paired users' channel gains on the performance of NOMA systems is investigated and discussed. The proposed UP is based on the minimization of the capacity loss to maximize the NOMA network capacity. Also, the proposed UP targets to reduce the divergence between paired users' channel gains to avoid capacity loss and the degradation of the user fairness and the user data rate. Performance evaluation results have revealed that the proposed UP significantly outperforms the existing UP algorithms in maximizing the capacity and improving the fairness and the outage probability. Also, it achieves very small values of the outage probability which range from 1% to 10% of the achieved values by the other UP algorithms.
Isatuximab plus carfilzomib and dexamethasone versus carfilzomib and dexamethasone in elderly patients with relapsed multiple myeloma: IKEMA subgroup analysis
Authors: Facon Thierry , Moreau Philippe , Martin Thomas G. , Spicka Ivan , Oriol Albert , Koh Youngil , Lim Andrew , Mikala Gabor , Rosiñol Laura , Yağci Münci , Cavo Michele , Yong Kwee , Risse Marie‐Laure , Asset Gaëlle , Schwab Sandrine , Martinez Gracia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this subgroup analysis of the randomized, Phase 3 IKEMA study (NCT03275285), we evaluated efficacy and safety of the anti‐CD38 monoclonal antibody isatuximab (Isa) in combination with carfilzomib‐dexamethasone (Isa‐Kd) versus Kd in older (≥70 years of age, n = 86) and younger (<70 years, n = 216) patients with relapsed multiple myeloma (MM). Patients received Isa 10 mg/kg intravenously weekly for 4 weeks, then every 2 weeks in the Isa‐Kd arm, and approved schedule of carfilzomib (twice weekly) and dexamethasone in both study arms. Primary endpoint was progression‐free survival (PFS); key secondary efficacy endpoints included rates of overall response (ORR), very good partial response or better (≥VGPR), minimal residual disease negativity (MRD–), and complete response (CR). Addition of Isa to Kd resulted in improved PFS in elderly patients (hazard ratio, 0.36 [95% CI, 0.18–0.75]) consistent with the significant PFS improvement observed in the overall IKEMA population. Treatment with Isa‐Kd improved depth of response versus Kd, with higher rates of ≥VGPR (73.1% vs. 55.9%), MRD– (23.1% vs. 11.8%), and CR (38.5% vs. 23.5%). Although the incidence of grade ≥3 treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) was higher in Isa‐Kd, the incidence of serious TEAEs was similar between arms. Fewer elderly patients definitively discontinued treatment due to TEAEs in Isa‐Kd than Kd: 11.8% versus 23.5%. In conclusion, Isa‐Kd provides a consistent benefit versus Kd in elderly patients, with a manageable safety profile, and represents a new treatment option for patients with relapsed MM, independent of age.
A case of retroperitoneal venous malformation resected by laparoscopic surgery
Authors: Fujinami Hiroyuki , Kai Tomoki , Ando Tadasuke , Shin Toshitaka , Mimata Hiromitsu 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionAmong vascular malformations, venous malformations are the most common type. Among these, retroperitoneal venous malformations are extremely rare.Case presentationA 60‐year‐old woman was diagnosed with a retroperitoneal tumor 4.5 cm in diameter by abdominal computed tomographic scan. We had difficulty judging whether the tumor was benign or malignant. We performed laparoscopic surgery in order to remove the tumor and make a precise diagnosis. The pathological diagnosis was a venous malformation.ConclusionVenous malformation located in the retroperitoneum is very rare, and there were few cases that could be removed by laparoscopic surgery. Laparoscopic surgery may be beneficial both for treatment and diagnosis of patients with a small retroperitoneal venous malformation.
Drowsy driving and teen motor vehicle crashes: Impact of changing school start times
Authors: Meltzer Lisa J. , Plog Amy E. , Swenka David , Reeves David , Wahlstrom Kyla L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionMotor vehicle crashes (MVC) are the second leading cause of death for adolescents in the United States, with drowsy driving a major contributing factor. Early school start times have been identified as a significant factor that reduces adolescent sleep duration, which in turn contributes to drowsy driving and MVC. This paper examined the longitudinal impact of delaying secondary school start times on self‐reported student drowsy driving and teen MVC.MethodsSecondary school students (10th and 11th grade, 51.7% female, 67.8% White) in the United States completed annual surveys 1 year before and 2 years after implementation of later school start times (70‐min delay, n range 1642–2452 per year), reporting frequency of drowsy driving (less than once/week vs. at least once/week). Teen (16–18 years) MVC data from the Colorado Department of Transportation for the 2 years before and 2 years after later start time implementation were compared for Arapahoe County (where start times changed) and neighboring Adams County and Douglas County (where start times did not change).ResultsWith later start times, there was a significant drop in the percent of students who reported frequent drowsy driving (pre‐change: 32.6%, post‐change: 21.9%, follow‐up: 22.8%). Weekday teen MVC rates went down in Arapahoe County (p = .04) during the school year, while no change or increases in MVC rates were seen in neighboring counties.ConclusionsHealthy school start times are important for adolescent health and safety, with study findings highlighting the downstream effects of increased sleep duration following a 70‐min delay in secondary school start times on adolescent drowsy driving and teen MVC rates.
Stressful life events and problematic internet use in adolescence: Mediation of psychological capital and moderation of school level
Authors: Zhang Haiyan , Li Dongping 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionWhile abundant cross‐sectional studies have examined the relationship between stress and problematic internet use (PIU), little is known about the underlying mechanism through which stress influences the development of PIU. To elucidate the mechanism in facilitation of prevention and treatment of PIU, this study tested a moderated mediation model using a longitudinal design in which the impact of stressful life events on PIU was mediated by psychological capital (PsyCap); the dependence of this mediation link on participants' developmental stage was further evaluated.MethodsA total of 1365 middle school and high school adolescents (Mage = 14.68, SD = 1.56; 47% female) from central China were surveyed over 3 years.ResultsPsyCap was found to completely mediate the contribution of stressful life events to PIU. In addition, the relationship between stressful life events and PsyCap was moderated by participants' school level, in which the negative impact of stress on PsyCap was stronger in middle schoolers than in high schoolers.ConclusionsThese findings support further examination of PsyCap in adolescents' PIU development, with a special focus on developmental changes from middle school to high school.
Skeletal Stem/Progenitor Cells in Periosteum and Skeletal Muscle Share a Common Molecular Response to Bone Injury
Authors: Julien Anais , Perrin Simon , Martínez-Sarrà Ester , Kanagalingam Anuya , Carvalho Caroline , Luka Marine , Ménager Mickaël , Colnot Céline 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTBone regeneration involves skeletal stem/progenitor cells (SSPCs) recruited from bone marrow, periosteum, and adjacent skeletal muscle. To achieve bone reconstitution after injury, a coordinated cellular and molecular response is required from these cell populations. Here, we show that SSPCs from periosteum and skeletal muscle are enriched in osteochondral progenitors, and more efficiently contribute to endochondral ossification during fracture repair as compared to bone-marrow stromal cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing (RNAseq) analyses of periosteal cells reveal the cellular heterogeneity of periosteum at steady state and in response to bone fracture. Upon fracture, both periosteal and skeletal muscle SSPCs transition from a stem/progenitor to a fibrogenic state prior to chondrogenesis. This common activation pattern in periosteum and skeletal muscle SSPCs is mediated by bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling. Functionally, Bmpr1a gene inactivation in platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (Pdgfra)-derived SSPCs impairs bone healing and decreases SSPC proliferation, migration, and osteochondral differentiation. These results uncover a coordinated molecular program driving SSPC activation in periosteum and skeletal muscle toward endochondral ossification during bone regeneration. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
造影CTで診断し得た不全子宮破裂の1例(Partial uterine rupture diagnosed by contrast–enhanced CT: a case report)
Authors: (Hiroki Yamaga) 山荷 大貴 , (Kazuyuki Miyamoto) 宮本 和幸 , (Kaede Hiruma) 昼間 楓 , (Keisuke Suzuki) 鈴木 恵輔 , (Yoko Tarumi) 垂水 庸子 , (Masaharu Yagi) 八木 正晴 , (Kenji Dohi) 土肥 謙二 
Published: June 2022

要旨子宮破裂は産科危機的出血の約11%を占め，大量輸血や子宮摘出を余儀なくされる。しかし，腹痛や性器出血以外に特異的な症状はなく，帝王切開中に診断されることも稀ではない。症例は30歳台の女性。2年前に右卵管間質部異所性妊娠・腹腔鏡下子宮筋腫核出術を受けた。妊娠30週に強い右下腹部痛が持続し搬送された。来院時はショックで，腹部は軟らかく，右下腹部に圧痛があった。性器出血，下痢はなかった。腹部超音波検査や胎児心拍陣痛図で異常はなかったが，強い腹痛が持続したため，腹部～骨盤造影CTを行った。子宮右側周囲を中心に高吸収域と造影剤の血管外漏出があった。緊急帝王切開を行い，右間質部妊娠時の手術部位に不全子宮破裂があった。妊娠中期以降の急性腹症は妊娠，それ以外の急性腹症があり，増大した子宮により周辺臓器が変位するため診断が難しく，ときに重篤化する。胎児被爆の影響は照射時期や線量により異なり，通常100mGy以下では問題ないとされる。本症例では，妊娠30週と胎児期に入っており，被爆による流産・奇形・精神発達遅滞のリスクは低いと考えた。一方，子宮破裂は胎児・母体とも急速に危険な状態に陥る可能性がある。本症例のように超音波検査で診断がつかない急性腹症では腹部～骨盤造影CTを行うことで妊娠関連，それ以外の重篤な急性腹症の鑑別が可能となり，迅速な診断と治療につながると考える。
術前の弾道評価が重要であった胸腹部移行帯の銃創の1例(A case of gunshot wound of the thoracoabdominal transition zone that required ballistic evaluation)
Authors: (Hajime Suzuki) 鈴木 源 , (Katsunobu Teshigahara) 勅使河原 勝伸 , (Suguru Hitomi) 人見 秀 , (Saki Sakamoto) 坂本 早紀 , (Hiroyuki Kawaura) 川浦 洋征 , (Masashi Gokita) 五木田 昌士 , (Kazuya Kiyota) 清田 和也 
Published: June 2022

要旨56歳の男性。自ら38口径の拳銃で左胸を1発撃ち受傷した。左前胸部に射入口と左背部に射出口があり，focused assessment with sonography for traumaで心嚢液，左胸水を認めたことより銃弾は左前胸部から心臓，肺を損傷し背部から体外へ射出されたと考えられた。しかし，hybrid ERにてCTを撮像したところ心損傷，肺損傷に加えて，腹部管腔臓器損傷を疑う微小なfree airの散在と左第11肋骨に骨折を認めた。銃弾は心嚢から横隔膜を経て腹腔内に至り，左第11肋骨で反射して，左胸腔内に至り体外へ射出されたと診断できた。開胸，開腹により心縫合，左下葉部分切除での止血と胃穿孔部縫合閉鎖，横隔膜縫合修復を行い，術後19日に退院した。銃創，とくに胸腹部移行帯において弾道評価による損傷臓器の推定は重要である。弾道評価においては射入口と射出口に加えて骨折部に注目することで，弾道をより正確に推測し，損傷臓器を推測することが可能であった。
Impact of the PNPLA3 genotype on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatitis C virus eradication
Authors: Ohta Azusa , Ogawa Eiichi , Murata Masayuki , Matsumoto Yuji , Yamasaki Sho , Ikezaki Hiroaki , Furusyo Norihiro 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAlmost all chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients can achieve sustained virological response (SVR) with direct‐acting antivirals. However, the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), even after the achievement of SVR, continues to be a serious problem. The aim of this study was to assess the association between host genetic factors and de novo HCC after SVR. This single‐center, retrospective study consisted of 442 consecutive CHC patients without a history of HCC who achieved SVR through interferon (IFN)‐based and IFN‐free therapy. Predictive factors associated with the development of HCC were determined by the Cox proportional hazards model. The single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping data of 223 patients were available for analysis. Of the seven SNPs analyzed in this study, only the patatin‐like phospholipase domain containing 3 (PNPLA3) rs738409 GG genotype was significantly, positively associated with the development of de novo HCC after adjusting for age, sex, and fibrosis status (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 5.66, p = 0.003). In multivariable analysis, age (aHR 1.05, p = 0.007), advanced fibrosis (aHR 2.69, p = 0.019), α‐fetoprotein at post‐12 weeks of treatment ≥7.0 ng/ml (aHR 3.85, p = 0.001), and PNPLA3 GG genotype (aHR 3.02, p = 0.004) were extracted as independent predictors of the development of de novo HCC. In conclusion, the PNPLA3 genotype was independently associated with the de novo HCC of CHC patients who achieved SVR. Such detailed knowledge of host genetic factors will be useful for HCC surveillance after HCV elimination.
I am awake: A case for Buddhist psychology as a theoretical orientation for spiritual but not religious clients
Authors: Brandt Adam H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe spiritual but not religious (SBNR) identification is a burgeoning demographic with unique spiritual concerns often unmet by Eurocentric mainstream counseling theoretical orientations. This article presents an overview of Buddhist psychology, its intersection with SBNR values, and how Buddhist psychology may be a relevant theoretical orientation for SBNR clients.