bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LYSOPHOSPHATIDIC ACID ACYLTRANSFERASE 2 (LPAT2) is required for de novo glycerolipid biosynthesis, growth, and development in vegetative and reproductive tissues of Arabidopsis
Authors: Barroga Niña Alyssa M. , Nakamura Yuki 
Published: October 2022

SUMMARYThe Kennedy pathway is a highly conserved de novo glycerolipid biosynthesis pathway in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In Arabidopsis, LYSOPHOSPHATIDIC ACID ACYLTRANSFERASE 2 (LPAT2) was assumed to catalyze a crucial reaction step of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐localized Kennedy pathway because of lethality in the lpat2‐1 knockout mutant. However, whether this lethal phenotype was due to the essential role of the Kennedy pathway or LPAT2 as the key enzyme of the Kennedy pathway was unclear. By creating non‐lethal LPAT2‐knockdown mutants in Arabidopsis, we found that LPAT2 is required for phospholipid content and plant development in vegetative and reproductive growth. Functional in vivo reporter assays revealed that LPAT2 was ubiquitously expressed and localized to the ER, where de novo phospholipid biosynthesis takes place. Intriguingly, our lipid analysis revealed that LPAT2 suppression had different effects among the organs examined: phospholipid levels were decreased both in leaves and flowers and the effect was more pronounced in flowers, a non‐photosynthetic organ enriched with phospholipids. Although seed size was reduced in the LPAT2 suppression lines, no remarkable effect was observed in the lipid content of mature siliques. Our results show that LPAT2 is involved in the ER‐localized Kennedy pathway, and suggest that its contribution to de novo phospholipid biosynthesis may have organ selectivity.
An AP‐3‐dependent pathway directs phagosome fusion with Rab8 and Rab11 vesicles involved in TLR2 signaling
Authors: Petnicki‐Ocwieja Tanja , Sharma Bijaya , Powale Urmila , Pathak Devesh , Tan Shumin , Hu Linden T. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntracellular compartmentalization of ligands, receptors and signaling molecules has been recognized as an important regulator of inflammation. The toll‐like receptor (TLR) 2 pathway utilizes the trafficking molecule adaptor protein 3 (AP‐3) to activate interleukin (IL)‐6 signaling from within phagosomal compartments. To better understand the vesicular pathways that may contribute to intracellular signaling and cooperate with AP‐3, we performed a vesicular siRNA screen. We identified Rab8 and Rab11 GTPases as important in IL‐6 induction upon stimulation with the TLR2 ligand Pam3CSK4 or the pathogen, Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb), the causative agent of Lyme disease. These Rabs were recruited to late and lysosomal stage phagosomes and co‐transported with TLR2 signaling adaptors and effectors, such as MyD88, TRAM and TAK1, in an AP‐3‐dependent manner. Our data support a model where AP‐3 mediates the recruitment of recycling and secretory vesicles and the assembly of signaling complexes at the phagosome.
Subtle or covert abuse within intimate partner relationships: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Parkinson Rosemary , James Neil , Hanson Sarah 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of the review is to understand how academic literature on domestic violence has described or defined subtle, non-physical abuse in intimate heterosexual or same-sex relationships.

Introduction:
Academic literature frequently refers to subtle or covert abuse in intimate relationships; however, this kind of abuse, while recognized by therapists who work with victims, has not yet been researched. Without understanding how clients experiencing subtle abuse present in therapy, therapists may misunderstand the cause of their distress and do more harm than good. This scoping review aims to understand how the current literature describes or defines subtle or covert abuse to inform future research to enable therapists to recognize subtle abuse in their clients.

Inclusion criteria:
Academic work that describes or defines subtle or covert abuse in intimate partner relationships based on primary research or discussion papers published in English will be considered for inclusion. Work will be excluded if it only describes physical or overt non-physical abuse.

Methods:
MeSH terms and keywords relating to domestic violence literature found in preliminary searches were used to design the initial search strategies. Search terms based on these were chosen in discussion with a librarian. The following databases will be searched: PsycINFO (EBSCO), MEDLINE Complete (EBSCO), CINAHL (EBSCO), PsycArticles (EBSCO), and Scopus. Searches will be conducted for studies published between 1950 and 2021.
Computational Differential Algebraic Equation Framework and Multi Spatial and Time Discretizations Preserving Consistent Second-Order Accuracy: Nonlinear Dynamics
Authors: Tae David , Tamma Kumar K. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We propose the novel design, development, and implementation of the well-known generalized single step single solve (GS4) family of algorithms into the differential algebraic equation framework which not only allows altogether different numerical time integration algorithms within the GS4 family in each of the different subdomains but also additionally allows for the selection of different space discretized methods such as the finite element method and particle methods, and other spatial methods as well in a single analysis unlike existing state-of-the-art. For the first time, the user has the flexibility and robustness to embed different algorithms for time integration and different spatial methods for space discretization in a single analysis. In addition, the GS4 family enables a wide variety of choices of time integration methods in a single analysis and also ensures the second-order accuracy in time of all primary variables and Lagrange multipliers. This is not possible to date. However, the present framework provides the fusion of a wide variety of choices of time discretized methods and spatial methods and has the bandwidth and depth to engage in various types of research investigations as well and features for fine tuning of numerical simulations. It provides generality/versatility of the computational framework incorporating subdomains with different spatial and time integration algorithms with improved accuracy. The robustness and accuracy of the present work is not feasible in the current state of technology. Various numerical examples illustrate the significant capabilities and generality and effectiveness for general nonlinear dynamics.
Origami-Inspired Chiral Metamaterials With Tunable Circular Dichroism Through Mechanically Guided Three-Dimensional Assembly
Authors: Xu Xinlin , He Shuchang , Wang Chengjun , Chen Xuan , Wang Zuojia , Song Jizhou 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Chiral metamaterials with artificially engineered subwavelength structures can effectively couple incident waves and lead diverse electromagnetic responses to various circular polarizations. Here, we designed and fabricated an origami-inspired reconfigurable three-dimensional (3D) chiral metamaterial, whose circular dichroism can be dynamically controlled by simple mechanical stretch of its bonded elastomer substrate. The chiral metamaterial was obtained from a patterned planar achiral metasurface through mechanically guided 3D assembly based on the prestrain approach, which ensures deterministic and uniform deformations for each building block during stretching. Numerical simulations and experimental observations were carried out to illustrate the deformation mechanism and the electromagnetic response of the metamaterials under the applied strain. It is shown that the transmissions and chiroptical activities can be continuously tuned from complete spin selectivity to partial spin selectivity when the applied strain increases. The maximum circular dichroism was experimentally measured as high as 0.98, which can be even adjusted to near zero by mechanical stretching. Our work demonstrated an easily operated and promising way to control the chirality of origami-inspired metamaterial in the microwave region, which can be further extended to the terahertz frequency biosensing, imaging, and spectroscope.
Design and Evaluation of a High-Performance, Low-Cost Prosthetic Foot for Developing Countries
Authors: Johnson W. Brett , Prost Victor , Mukul Pooja , Winter V Amos G. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A novel, high-performance, cosmetic, rugged, appropriately costed, and mass-manufacturable prosthetic foot for use in low-income countries was designed and field tested. This ruggedized foot was created to accommodate the unique economic, environmental, and cultural requirements for users in India. A previous prototype that enabled able-bodied like gait was modified to include a durable cosmetic cover without altering the tuned stiffness of the overall foot. After undergoing mechanical benchtop testing, the foot was distributed to prosthesis users in India to for at least 5 months. Afterward, participants underwent clinical tests to evaluate walking performance, and additional benchtop testing was performed on the field-tested feet to identify changes in performance. The ruggedized foot endured 1 × 106 fatigue cycles without failure and demonstrated the desired stiffness properties. Subjects walked significantly faster (0.14 m/s) with the ruggedized foot compared to the Jaipur foot, and the feet showed no visible sign of damage after months of use. Additionally, the field-tested feet showed little difference in stiffness from a set of unused controls. Anecdotal feedback from the participants indicated that the foot improved their speed and/or walking effort, but may benefit from more degrees-of-freedom about the ankle. The results suggest that the foot fulfills its design requirements; however, further field testing is required with more participants over a longer period to make sure the foot is suitable for use in developing countries.
Predictive Modeling of Local Film-Cooling Flow on a Turbine Rotor Blade
Authors: DeShong Eric T. , Berdanier Reid A. , Thole Karen A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn the turbine section of a modern gas turbine engine, components exposed to the main gas path flow rely on cooling air to maintain hardware durability targets. Therefore, monitoring turbine cooling flow is essential to the diagnostic and prognostic efficacy of a condition-based operation and maintenance (CBOM) approach. This study supports CBOM goals by leveraging supervised machine learning to estimate relative changes to local film-cooling flowrate using surface temperature measured on the pressure side of a rotating turbine blade operating at engine-relevant aerothermal conditions. Throughout the lifetime of a film-cooled turbine component, characteristics of the film-cooling flow—such as film trajectory and cooling effectiveness—vary as degradation-driven geometry distortions occur, which ultimately affects the relationship between the model input and the model output—film-cooling flowrate predictions. The present study addresses this complication by testing a data-driven model on multiple turbine blades of the same nominal design, but with each blade exhibiting different localized film-cooling flow characteristics. By testing the model in this manner, strategies for mitigating the detrimental effects of film-cooling flow characteristic variations on model performance were investigated, and the corresponding flowrate prediction accuracy was quantified.
Optimal Design of Polymer Gel Profile Control for Gaskule E31 Deep Reservoir
Authors: Xu Hualei , Jiang Houshun , Wang Jie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
There are some problems in the development of Gaskule E31 reservoir, such as unbalanced reserves utilization, low injection-production correspondence rate, poor development effect and water-out at the bottom of the layer. In order to effectively improve the production capacity of the reservoir, the distribution of the remaining oil is analyzed. By means of mathematical geostatistical method, the detailed description and numerical simulation of reservoir flow field are carried out by comprehensively utilizing geological data, logging data, production testing data and production static and dynamic data. The results show that the south-down direction and east edge of the target block are the remaining oil enrichment areas ; the dominant flow channel mainly exists in the high permeability area of the main layer or the secondary main layer, and the breakthrough flow channel is obvious. The problem of flooding in the main strata of the target block is serious.
After comprehensive analysis of reservoir geological data, the profile control agent system and profile control parameters matching the reservoir environment are determined by CMG numerical simulation. For the selected profile control well y2-13, organic gel, inorganic gel and surfactant are used for multislug design. Numerical simulation calculations are carried out with different concentrations and dosages, and the best profile control design scheme is selected according to the oil-increasing effect. The results show that the injection volume is 6000m3, the concentration is organic gel (agent A: agent B: agent C = 0.5%: 0.4%: 0.3%), inorganic gel 1 (agent A: agent B: agent C = 0.5%: 0.5%:0.05%), inorganic gel 2 (agent A: agent B: agent C = 1.5%:0.75%:0.05%), surfactant (RTS-1 = 0.3%) is the best solution, and the total increase is expected oil is 280.06t. The design idea of the construction scheme has important reference significance for the formulation and optimization of profile control scheme of similar wells.
Lessons Learned: The Influence of Testing Properties on Uniaxial Compression Tests of Ice
Authors: Böhm Angelo Mario , Herrnring Hauke , von Bock und Polach Franz 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper describes the influence of testing properties (test rig stiffness and PID controller settings) on the uniaxial compression test of granular laboratory-made ice in a single-factor design experiment. Global warming causes the decline of sea ice in the Arctic regions. Enabling the Northern Sea Route and the Northwest Passage to be more accessible for the shipping industry and therefore reduces the energy consumption compared to the Suez Canal Route. Nevertheless, ice will remain an interacting element with ships and structures in Polar and Sub-Arctic regions. A good assessment of forces exerted by the ice on the offshore structure or the ship is essential for designing these arctic structures. Ice-structure interactions depend on the mechanical properties of the ice, which are still not fully explored but can be determined by experimental testing. Over the years, many experiments have been conducted with similar test setups but different testing properties. Therefore the influence of the test properties on the compressive strength of ice is analyzed and discussed by comparing the results of different test settings in this paper. The tests are conducted in a single-factor design experiment. The applied velocities range from 0.01 mm/s to 500 mm/s, causing the ice to behave ductile at lower velocities and brittle at higher velocities.
An Efficient 1st Order Stress Hysteresis Model for Helically Laid Rectangular Elements in Power Cables and Umbilicals
Authors: Karlsen Kjetil André 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
It is essential to calculate the mechanical stress efficiently in power cables, umbilicals and hybrids to reduce the risk of failure and halts during production, transportation, installation and operation phases. The global analysis, where these conditions are simulated, can under certain circumstances produce a very large volume of data, which often needs to be processed into a specific format or transformed into a result.
This paper describes a model for helically laid rectangular elements, that efficiently process large data volumes into 1st order stress. The hysteresis model applies the results from the global analysis as input, together with stress parameters from local FEA, element dimensions and material properties. As it is positioned as a link between the global and local analysis, it calculates the stress in time domain, which can either be used directly or processed further.
A case study is also being presented in this paper where time domain results from the 1st order stress model are first run through a rainflow counting algorithm, which extracts all the ranges and their associated cycles. These ranges are afterward measured against the element’s SN curve, followed by a Palmgren-Miner summation to give an estimate of the local fatigue damage. The model has through this study shown to give an improved fatigue life compared to an alternative 1st order technique used in the past and is found highly efficient compared to its complexity.
Optimal Management of Offshore Wind Assets at Different Stages of Life Extension Accounting for Uncertainty Propagation
Authors: Yeter Baran , Garbatov Yordan , Guedes Soares Carlos 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The objective of the present study is to develop an optimal life extension management strategy for ageing offshore wind farms. The optimal management strategy is attained by minimising the overall risk of a group of different assets based on the principles of the modern portfolio theory. The statistical measures regarding the risk and expected return are obtained through a probabilistic techno-economic assessment, which considers the mean wind speed, capacity factor, degradation severity, initial crack size and feed-in tariff as stochastic variables. The expected return accounts for the time-weighted incremental free cash flows. The risk and return of the offshore wind farm are investigated under optimistic, moderate, and pessimistic scenarios. Finally, the optimal allocation (portfolio) of offshore wind assets attained based on the mean-variance optimisation is presented for the different stages of the life extension of the offshore wind farms accounting for the uncertainty propagation during the life extension. The uncertainty propagation is reflected in the correlation and variability between the offshore wind turbines and their operation. The results indicate that a significant risk reduction can be achieved by employing an offshore wind asset allocation according to the risk-adjusted portfolio. Also, the benefit of using a risk-adjusted allocation increases as the life extension moves on. The outcome of the present study can be useful for the feature engineering part of the deep neural network training for the classification of ageing offshore wind turbines.
Splitting-Tests of Laboratory-Made Granular Ice With a Propeller-Like Indenter
Authors: Böhm Angelo Mario , Herrnring Hauke , von Bock und Polach Franz 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Global warming will decline the sea ice in the upcoming decades. However, sea ice will prevail long enough in the subarctic and polar regions to remain a challenge for the shipping industry and arctic engineers. The decline in sea ice makes some economically interesting routes through ice-covered water more accessible. Still, at the same time, climatic changes can cause more dynamics of ice sheets and ice features. Therefore a better understanding of ice-propeller interaction is required with experimentally validated simulations. Propeller contact loads can be classified into milling loads and impact loads. The input ice property for existing numerical models of propeller ice interaction is usually the compressive strength at relatively low strain rates representing the impact scenario. Independent from the applied interaction velocity, a compressive test does not describe the milling type interaction well, which is characterized by fracture and splitting of the ice. This paper describes the splitting-test of laboratory-made granular ice with a propellerlike indenter. Splitting-tests of granular ice specimens show no dependence on the L/D ratio. The force measurement during the splitting-tests shows a dependency on the thickness of the indenter and, in addition, for the 6 mm wide indenter, a rate dependency. The force measurement of the splitting-test with the 3 mm wide indenter shows no rate dependency. The higher specific strain energies in splitting-tests of ice could lead to the lower measured forces.
A Generalized Model for Field Assessment of Particle Settling Velocity in Viscoelastic Fluids
Authors: Chen Hongbo , Kuru Ergun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
It has been long known that drilling fluid viscoelastic properties have a significant impact on various elements of drilling hydraulics design (e.g., assessment of frictional pressure loss, particle settling velocity, hole cleaning, etc.). However, efforts for considering the viscoelastic fluid properties in drilling hydraulics design are traditionally hindered by the fact that there was no practical methodology to measure these critical fluid properties in the field.
Previous studies have highlighted the advantages of using the concept of “energy dissipation” for the quantitative evaluation of fluid elasticity. Energy dissipation theory provides a more comprehensive description of the fluid elasticity by considering the two characteristics of the fluid simultaneously; stretchiness (oscillation strain % at the crossover point of G’ and G” curves) and the stress corresponding to crossover point (i.e., flow point). In a recent study, we have shown that the “energy dissipation” of viscoelastic fluids can be correlated to fluid physical properties such as apparent viscosity and funnel viscosity, which can be conveniently measured using standard field-testing equipment (i.e., Rotational Viscometer and Funnel viscometer). Based on these findings, a new methodology for the field assessment of drilling fluid viscoelasticity has been developed, opening new opportunities to develop improved hydraulics models.
In this paper, using the new methodology developed in a recent study, we present a new generalized model for the field assessment of the particle settling velocity in viscoelastic fluids. The main objectives of the study were to: 1) Develop a generalized model for the field assessment of particle settling velocity in shear-thinning viscoelastic fluids by using the energy dissipation concept as an indicator of the fluid viscoelasticity; 2) Investigate the significant factors that influence the particle settling velocity to help provide a solution to the potential problem encountered in field drilling operations.
We prepared ten different fluids, which were divided into two groups based on their shear viscosity values. In each group, five fluids were having similar shear viscosity and variable elasticity values. Nineteen different spherical particles were used to conduct particle settling experiments with a density range from 2700 kg/m3 to 6000kg/m3 and a diameter range from 1mm to 4mm. Rheological characterizations of the fluids have been conducted by using funnel viscometer, API Rotational viscometer, controlled shear rate, and amplitude sweep test measurements.
Based on the experimental results and theory of the particle settling in non-Newtonian fluids, we developed a new model that can be used for predicting particle settling velocity in viscoelastic fluids. The statistical analyses had shown that the root means square error and mean absolute percentage error of model predictions were 0.0032 m/s and 4.1 percent, respectively.