bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Population-Based Psychiatric Comorbidity in Children and Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mutluer Tuba , Aslan Genç Herdem , Özcan Morey Aslihan , Yapici Eser Hale , Ertinmaz Beliz , Can Merve , Munir Kerim 
Published: May 2022

Psychiatric comorbidity in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a subject of critical scientific importance, affecting the quality of life, prognosis, and functional outcomes. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders vary considerably according to variables such as index subject characteristics, study setting, sampling frame, diagnostic methods used, as well as country of geographic origin. To date, most studies comprise clinical or treatment referral samples in tertiary care or subjects enrolled in clinical trials and genetic cohort collections. Such samples carry the potential for overestimation of both the frequency and severity of psychiatric comorbidity. A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed and Web of Science databases restricted to population-based study publications in the English between May 1, 2015, and May 31, 2020. A comprehensive keyword list was generated to investigate co-occurrence of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents with ASD. A wide range of DSM-5 based disorders such as anxiety, mood, ADHD, intellectual disability/intellectual developmental disorder, eating/feeding, gender dysphoria and sleep-wake disorders were assessed. Initial search revealed a total of 1674 articles after removal of duplicates. Two independent researchers conducted a parallel-blinded screening process to identify the eligible studies based on titles and abstracts; 39 studies were analyzed in the current review. The main findings show prevalence estimates of 22.9% (95% CI: 17.7- 29.2) for intellectual disability; 26.2% (22-31) for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; 11.1% (8.6-14.1) for anxiety disorders; 19.7% (11.9-30.7) for sleep disorders; 7% (5.2- 9.3) for disruptive disorders; 2% (1.3- 3.1) for bipolar disorders; 2.7% (1.8- 4.2) for depression; 1.8% (0.4–8.7) for obsessive-compulsive disorder; and 0.6% (0.3–1.1) for psychosis. Psychiatric comorbidity in population-based studies is lower than in clinical and referred samples. However, our results also indicate that the frequency of psychiatric comorbidity in children and adolescents with ASD in the population context is considerable, without the influence of referral bias implicit in clinical and treatment samples. There is a need for better targeted diagnostic tools to detect psychiatric comorbidity in children and youth in future population-based studies, as an essential component in providing care as well as new insights into the nature and mechanisms of its underlying associations.Systematic Review Registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/], identifier [CRD42021234464].
Subjects With Diabetes Mellitus Are at Increased Risk for Developing Tuberculosis: A Cohort Study in an Inner-City District of Barcelona (Spain)
Authors: Antonio-Arques Violeta , Franch-Nadal Josep , Moreno-Martinez Antonio , Real Jordi , Orcau Àngels , Mauricio Didac , Mata-Cases Manel , Julve Josep , Navas Mendez Elena , Puig Treserra Rai , Barrot de la Puente Joan , Millet Joan Pau , Del Val García Jose Luis , Vlacho Bogdan , Caylà Joan A. 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundTuberculosis is the leading cause of mortality from lung infectious disease worldwide in recent years, and its incidence has re-emerged in large cities in low-incidence countries due to migration and socioeconomic deprivation causes. Diabetes mellitus and tuberculosis are syndemic diseases, with diabetes being considered a risk factor for developing tuberculosis.ObjectiveTo investigate whether diabetic patients were at increased risk of tuberculosis living in an inner-district of a large city of northeastern Spain.MethodsObservational matched retrospective cohort study based on clinical records from the population of the lowest socioeconomic status in Barcelona (Ciutat Vella district). A cohort including patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in 2007 and new cases until 2016 (8004 subjects), matched 1:1 by sex and age with a non-diabetic cohort. Follow-up period was until December 31st 2018. We evaluated the risk of developing tuberculosis in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic patients during the follow up period. We used time-to-event analysis to estimate the incidence of tuberculosis, and competing risks regression by clusters and conditional Cox regression models to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and its 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsAmong the 16,008 included subjects, the median follow-up was 8.7 years. The mean age was 57.7 years; 61.2% men and 38.8% women in both groups. The incidence of tuberculosis was 69.9 per 100,000 person-years in diabetic patients, and 40.9 per 100,000 person-years in non-diabetic patients (HR = 1.90; CI: 1.18–3.07). After adjustment for the country of origin, chronic kidney disease, number of medical appointments, BMI, alcoholism and smoking, the risk remained higher in diabetic patients (1.66: CI 0.99–2.77). Additionally, subjects from Hindustan or with a history of alcohol abuse also showed a higher risk of developing tuberculosis (HR = 3.51; CI:1.87–6.57, and HR = 2.73; CI:1.22–6.12 respectively).ConclusionPeople with diabetes mellitus were at higher risk of developing tuberculosis in a large cohort recruited in an inner-city district with a high incidence for this outcome, and low socioeconomic conditions and high proportion of migrants. This risk was higher among Hindustan born and alcohol abusers.
Prevalence of Porcine Circoviruses in Slaughterhouses in Central Shanxi Province, China
Authors: Yue Weidong , Li Yilei , Zhang Xinrong , He Junping , Ma Haili 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundPorcine circovirus disease is currently the greatest threat to pig farming. Four main porcine circovirus genotypes are circulating worldwide.ObjectiveThe study aimed to assess the prevalence of porcine circovirus genotypes in the central part of Shanxi province.MethodsWe investigated the prevalence of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3), and porcine circovirus type 4 (PCV4). Porcine circoviruses were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the lung tissues of 180 pigs from 7 slaughterhouses in central Shanxi, China.ResultsThe prevalence of PCV2, PCV3, and PCV4 were 56.8, 80, and 9.4%, respectively, and the negative rate was 10% for all three pathogens. The co-infection with PCV2 + PCV3, PCV2 + PCV4, PCV3 + PCV4, and PCV2 + PCV3 + PCV4 were 47.2, 7.4, 7.4, and 5.6%, respectively. Among PCV4-positive samples, the positive rate of PCV4 + PCV2 was 52.9% (9/17), whereas that of PCV4 + PCV3 was 100% (17/17). On the other hand, PCV2 and PCV3 were detected in 57.1% (93/163) and in 78.5% (128/163) of PCV4-negative samples, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that PCV2, PCV3, and PCV4 were not in the same clade and were distant from each other.ConclusionThe high positive rates of PCV3, PCV2 + PCV3, and PCV3 + PCV4 suggest that PCV3 may play a decisive role in PCV2 and PCV4 infections. Therefore, further control of PCV3 is needed to reduce the spread of the virus.
Retrospective Evaluation of Clinical Bleeding in Dogs With Anticoagulant Rodenticide Toxicity—A Multi-Center Evaluation of 62 Cases (2010–2020)
Authors: Stroope Sarah , Walton Rebecca , Mochel Jonathan Paul , Yuan Lingnan , Enders Brittany 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the most common locations of hemorrhage in dogs diagnosed with anticoagulant rodenticide intoxication.AnimalsDogs presenting with hemorrhage secondary to anticoagulant rodenticide intoxication between at two university veterinary teaching hospitals.ProceduresMedical records were searched from the years 2010 through 2020 and all records from dogs treated for hemorrhage secondary to anticoagulant rodenticide intoxication were reviewed. Dogs were diagnosed with anticoagulant rodenticide intoxication based on the combination of known exposure and prolonged coagulation testing, including prothrombin and activated thromboplastin time, or based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS). The diagnosis of hemorrhage was made based on physical exam findings, point-of-care ultrasound findings or radiography.ResultsSixty-two dogs met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. The most common sites of hemorrhage included: pleural space (hemothorax 37%), pulmonary parenchyma (24%), abdomen (24%), skin/subcutaneous (21%), gastrointestinal tract (18%), pericardium (13%), oral cavity (13%), nasal cavity (11%), ocular (8%), and urinary tract (7%). Overall, forty-five dogs (73%) had evidence of cutaneous or mucosal hemorrhage while thirty-three (53%) of dogs had evidence of cavitary hemorrhage. Forty-five percent of dogs had hemorrhage noted at only one site, while 55% experienced hemorrhage at more than one site. The location of hemorrhage and total number of hemorrhagic sites was not associated with survival or transfusion requirement.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceIn conclusion, this study highlights that dogs with anticoagulant rodenticide intoxication present with diverse locations of hemorrhage and the majority of dogs had non-cavitary hemorrhage noted.
Dutch GPs’ views on prescribing mifepristone and misoprostol: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Schellekens Julia EAP , Houtvast Claire SE , Leusink Peter , Kleiverda Gunilla , Gomperts Rebecca 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThe World Health Organization has indicated that GPs can safely and effectively provide mifepristone and misoprostol for medical termination of pregnancy (TOP). Dutch GPs are allowed to treat miscarriages with mifepristone and misoprostol, but few do so. Current Dutch abortion law prohibits GPs from prescribing these medications for medical TOP. Medical TOP is limited to the specialised settings of abortion clinics and hospitals. Recently, the House of Representatives debated shifting abortion to the domain of primary care, following the example of France and the Republic of Ireland. This would improve access to sexual and reproductive health care, and increase choices for women. Nevertheless, little is known about GPs’ willingness to provide medical TOP and miscarriage management.AimTo gain insight into Dutch GPs’ willingness to prescribe mifepristone and misoprostol for medical TOP and miscarriages, as well as the anticipated barriers.Design and settingMixed-methods study among Dutch GPs.MethodA questionnaire provided quantitative data that were analysed using descriptive methods. Thematic analyses were performed on qualitative data collected through in-depth interviews.ResultsThe questionnaire was sent to 575 GPs; the response rate was 22.1% (n = 127). Of the responders, 84.3% (n = 107) were willing to prescribe mifepristone and misoprostol, with 58.3% (n = 74) willing to provide this medication for both medical TOP and miscarriage management. A total of 57.5% (n = 73) of participants indicated a need for training. The main barriers influencing participants’ willingness to provide medical TOP and miscarriage management were lack of experience, lack of knowledge, time constraints, and a restrictive abortion law.ConclusionOver 80.0% of responders were willing to prescribe mifepristone and misoprostol for medical TOP or miscarriages. Training, (online) education, and a revision of the abortion law are recommended.
Alterações de equilíbrio e risco de quedas em idosos com vertigem posicional paroxística benigna: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Guedes da Paz Erivânia , Mendes Daiana de Jesus da Silva , Oliveira Thaise Cristina Lima de , Barbosa Wilames Oliveira 
Published: May 2022

Introdução. A vertigem posicional paroxística benigna (VPPB) corresponde a distúrbios que ocorrem na orelha interna, cujo resultado é uma sensação giratória transitória acompanhada ou não de nistagmo. Objetivo. Analisar como as implicações das alterações de equilíbrio influenciam no risco de quedas em idosos com vertigem posicional paroxística benigna. Método. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Os dados referem-se ao período de 2011 a 2021 e foram coletados nas bases de dados cientificas PubMed, Scielo, BVS e Cochrane. Foram incluídos estudos de língua inglesa, espanhola e portuguesa. Resultados. A busca resultou em 339 artigos, no qual 206 foram excluídos por duplicação. Após leitura na integra seis artigos foram incluídos para composição da revisão. Conclusão. É possível afirmar que o aumento na dependência visual, o desequilíbrio corporal e o risco de quedas são achados em pacientes com VPPB e implicam em diminuição da qualidade de vida de pacientes idosos.
Learning Methodological Lessons from Exemplar Studies in Nephrology: PEXIVAS and Sample Size Calculation
Authors: Sandys Vicki , Sexton Donal J. 
Published: May 2022

Key Learning Points

Sample size calculations are fundamental to the power of a study. Estimates of the necessary sample size to achieve a given treatment effect size can be performed pre-trial based on available literature.Sample size calculations take into account the chosen effect size i.e. the minimal effect of the treatment which would be considered clinically relevant. Smaller effect sizes require a sufficiently large sample size or higher event rate to detect differences between groups. Larger effect sizes are sometimes chosen for study in order to justify the risks of adverse events and expense of certain treatments.Lower than expected event rates, mediated by censoring and competing risks, period effects, and inclusion of patients at lower risk of the outcome, can impact the power of the study.Time-to-event study designs adjust for censoring and competing risks.If a lower than expected event rate is highlighted during an interim analysis, strategies include increasing the sample size, either by changing the inclusion or exclusion criteria, increasing the number of study centers or increasing the study duration.
Buckling-induced quadratic nonlinearity in silicon phonon waveguide structures
Authors: Kurosu Megumi , Hatanaka Daiki , Okamoto Hajime , Yamaguchi Hiroshi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We fabricated and characterized a single-crystal silicon phonon waveguide structure with lead zirconate titanate (PZT) piezoelectric transducers. The compressive stress in a silicon-on-insulator wafer causes a membrane waveguide to buckle, leading to the quadratic nonlinearity. The PZT transducer integrated in an on-chip configuration enables us to excite high-intensity mechanical vibration, which allows the characterization of nonlinear behavior. We observed a softening nonlinear response as a function of the drive power and demonstrated the mode shift and frequency conversion. This is the first report of the nonlinear behavior caused by the quadratic nonlinearity in a buckled phonon waveguide structure. This study provides a method to control the sign and the order of nonlinearity in a phonon waveguide by utilizing the internal stress, which allows the precise manipulation of elastic waves in phononic integrated circuits.
Effects of zigzag edge states on the thermoelectric properties of finite graphene nanoribbons
Authors: Kuo David Ming Ting 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Thermoelectric properties of finite graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) coupled to metallic electrodes are theoretically studied in the framework of tight-binding model and Green’s function approach. When the zigzag sides are coupled to the electrodes, the electron transport through the localized edge states can occur only if the channel length between electrodes is smaller than the decay length of these localized zigzag edge states. When the armchair edges are coupled to the electrodes, there is an interesting thermoelectric behavior associated with the mid-gap states when the GNR is in the semiconducting phase. Here we show that the thermoelectric behavior of zigzag edge states of GNRs with armchair sides connected to electrodes is similar to that of two parallel quantum dots with similar orbital degeneracy. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the electrical conductance and power factor given by the zigzag edge states are quite robust against the defect scattering.
28.3% efficient perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells with mixed self-assembled monolayers
Authors: Mishima Ryota , Hino Masashi , Kanematsu Masanori , Kishimoto Kazuhisa , Ishibashi Hirotaka , Konishi Katsunori , Okamoto Shimpei , Irie Toru , Fujimoto Takahisa , Yoshida Wataru , Uzu Hisashi , Adachi Daisuke , Yamamoto Kenji 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A certified 28.3% efficient monolithic perovskite-silicon tandem (PST) solar cell with a mixed self-assembled monolayer (SAM) containing carbazole cores with H-ligands (2PACz) and methoxy-ligands (MeO-2PACz) is reported. Our analysis revealed that there existed uncovered areas of MeO-2PACz on indium tin oxide, which would be caused by the steric effect, and they were filled with 2PACz in the mixed SAM, leading to the improvement of fill factors in the PST cells. This result was explained by the passivation qualities as hole transport layers and the local interaction between methoxy ligands and perovskite materials.
Serum Mannose Level and Its Association in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: a Case Control Study of Al-Najaf City / 2020
Authors: Al Ghazali Basima Shamkhi , Monther Sara 
Published: May 2022

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a common public health issue around the world. Insulin resistance and glucose intolerance play important role in the etiology of polycystic ovarian syndrome and the serum mannose is incorporated in metabolism of glucose.
Aim of study: Determination of the association between serum mannose level and polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Patients and Methods: A case control study enrolled eighty eight women were divided as forty four women with polycystic ovarian syndrome and forty four women without polycystic ovarian syndrome presented to outpatient clinic at Fertility Center/Al Sader Medical City and outpatient clinic of Al- Zahraa Teaching Hospital in Najaf city-Iraq during the period from 1st of February till 31st of December, 2020.
Results: The mean Serum Mannose level of women with polycystic ovarian syndrome 7.37 was significantly higher than mean serum mannose of controls 1.32 (p<0.001). Cutoff serum mannose level of 1.98 had acceptable validity results (90.9% sensitivity, 90.9% specificity, 94% PPV, 90.5% NPV and 90% accuracy). The means of serum level testosterone and luteinizing hormones were significantly higher among women with polycystic ovarian syndrome, while mean follicular stimulating hormone level was significantly lower among women with polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Conclusions: The serum mannose level is significantly increased in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome which may indicate its possible role in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Factors Affecting the Transmission epatitis C Among the Thalassemic Patients in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf governorate
Authors: NASRAWI Alaa Jumaah Manji , Hsan Musa Abd  , Mohammed Naji Atiyah  , Ali Hussain Al-faydawi  , Mohammed Majeed Faisal  
Published: May 2022

Background: Because thalassemic patients require multiple blood transfusions, and blood transfusion is a common transmission vector for hepatitis C virus, numerous studies have found varying prevalences of hepatitis C among -thalassemia major patients. As a result, this study was carried out to discover anti-HCV in thalassemia patients in our location.
Objectives: to find factors that increase the chance of getting infection with HCV in thalassemia patients.
Materials and methods: A total of 550 patients whose registered in thalassemic center were surveyed, 48 of them had HCV infection. Name, age, sex, residency, age at starting blood transfusion, Frequency of blood transfusion per month, Splenectomized or not, blood group for patients, test for HCV antibodies and liver function test.
Results: The total number surveyed was 550, where the number of males was 330, while the number of females was 220. The study group comprised 48 thalassemic patients (33 [68.75%] males and 15 [31.25%] females). The mean ± SD age was 18.4 ± 7.57months (range: 2 – 35). There is direct association between the age and the seropositivity to anti –HCV where HCV seropositivity was significantly associated with an older age (P ≤ 0.01). There is no association between gender and seropositivity to anti –HCV where there are no significant differences (P= 0.653) Out of 48 patients 26(54.14%) were live in urban, 22(45.17%) in rural. In regard to residency there is no direct relationship (P ≤ 0.01) between the residency and the seropositivity to anti –HCV. There is high significant (P ≤ 0.01) between frequency of blood transfusion per month and seropositivity to anti –HCV. HCV seropositivity was significantly associated with the longer duration of the disease (P ≤ 0.01). Patients of O+ blood group represented the higher (P ≤ 0.01) seropositivity to anti -HCV than patients with other blood groups, however patients with Rh- shows lower seropositivity to anti -HCV. Our study shows that there is highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) relation between splenectomy and the seropositivity to anti –HCV.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK PAIR SHARE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR MATA PELAJARAN MATEMATIKA POKOK BAHASAN MATRIKS
Authors: Astindari Tri , Noervadila Irma 
Published: May 2022

Variasi pengajaran yang dapat dilakukan guru selain dalam hal penggunaan media pengajaran merupakan salah satu aspek yang menentukan keberhasilan dan kelancaran kegiatan belajar mengajar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Untuk mengetahui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe Think Pair Share dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar mata pelajaran matematika pokok bahasan matriks pada siswa kelas X TB semester 2 di SMKN 2 Situbondo Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022. Subjek penelitan siswa kelas X TB sebanyak 26 siswa. Seorang guru matematika dan seorang pengamat. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi hasil belajar siswa, hasil observasi guru, hasil observasi siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Tiap siklus meliputi 4(empat) tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, pengamatan (observasi) dan refleksi. Pada penelitian ini dikatakan berhasil apabila sekurang-kurangnya 85% siswa memperoleh nilai ≥ 70. Hasil penelitian Dari beberapa indikator menunjukkan hasil klasikal siswa yang tuntas 13 siswa atau 50% dari 26 siswa. Ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa kelas X TB kurang antusias sekali untuk membaca dan siswa kelas X TB pula dalam hal membaca dapat dikatakan sangat baik. Analisis yang dilakukan terhadap hasil ulangan harian, menunjukkan bahwa ketuntasan klasikal belum dicapai karena kurang dari 85% sehingga perlu diadakan siklus II. Berdasarkan siklus II pertemuan 1 dan 2 ada peningkatan 4% sehingga persentase pada siklus II dapat diuraikan sebagai berikut: Persentase pada siklus 1 81% Pada siklus II ada peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dibandingkan siklus I yaitu 38% peningkatan pada siklus I sehingga daya serap klasikal siswa pada siklus II 88%.