bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainable Tourism Assisting National Development in Sri Lanka – (STAND SL)
Authors: Hemachandra P. V. N. S. , De Silva D. C. H. 
Published: March 2022

Sri Lanka, like many other countries affected by the unprecedented Covid-19 pandemic, now faces a challenging path of recovery in all aspects of the nation’s development. Tourism is a key contributor to the national economic development in Sri Lanka. This pandemic has adversely affected all the stakeholders, mainly places of stay and tour sites, who now face a survival crisis as it either plans to bounce back better or finally fall forever. This research paper endeavors to implement a zero-waste robust strategic plan that will revolutionize the tourism industry and shift the paradigm of traditional tourism in Sri Lanka. While adjusting to the new normal concept of living, every affected stakeholder in the tourism sector will be taught to unlearn old practices and embrace new practices while giving central priority to sustainability and the ideology of zero waste converting energy to synergy to boost productivity in all corners of Sri Lanka.
The new plan will not only help rebuild affected stakeholders but will open up new innovative ventures to everyone in the community, particularly the youth, the aged and the disabled community of special needs be key contributors to their community in ensuring local tourism will continue to remain safe, sustainable and become a uniquely thriving one. Most importantly people visiting the country will no longer travel in trepidation but travel more confidently than ever before. Hence tourism in Sri Lanka will not only be a mere experience but a value-added one that will leave a lasting impression on the hospitality of Sri Lanka. Furthermore, the concept of zero waste will align the community and provide a stepping-stone to achieving the United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) to amalgamate people, planet, prosperity, peace and partnership in Sri Lanka. Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and individuals that go the extra mile to continually evolve through the zero-waste strategic plan will be endorsed to accelerate and bolster their business back on its feet on various platforms, empowering one another to make Sustainable Tourism Assisting National Development in Sri Lanka (STAND SL) strategy that will positively impact people’s survival and progress in Sri Lanka.
Keywords: Innovation, Covid-19, National Development, Sustainable Tourism, Zero Waste
Consumer Dispute Resolution in B2C E-commerce in Sri Lanka: A Comparative Legal Analysis
Authors: Ariyaratna B.A.R.R. 
Published: March 2022

E-commerce has emerged as a significant turning factor of the global economy since the last quarter of the 20th century. As a result of the convenient and efficient nature of the e-commerce traditional consumer transactions have rapidly been changed into online transactions. However, it is evident that online consumers have to expose serious violations of their consumer rights other than the offline consumers during a Business to Consumer (B2C) transaction. One of the major problems arises in the post-purchasing stage of a B2C transaction is dispute resolution between consumer and the trader. If goods are not delivered or delivered in an unsatisfactory condition, consumers may have difficulties to communicating with the trader. This situation becomes more complicated when the consumer and the trader are in two jurisdictions particularly in cross-border disputes. As the United Nations Guidelines on Consumer Protection declares fair, effective and transparent dispute resolution mechanism is much necessary to uphold the consumer‘s right to redress. Therefore, at present, most of the countries, including European Union, South Africa and United Kingdom have focused on more flexible, out of court solutions such as Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) and Online Dispute Resolution (ODR). However, in the Sri Lankan context, the existing consumer dispute resolution mechanism under the Consumer Affairs Authority Act is completely proceeding in an offline context. Therefore, this research intends to analyze whether the existing consumer dispute resolution mechanism in Sri Lanka is adequate to address the disputes arise in B2C e-commerce transactions. Comparative legal analysis method has been utilized in order to identify the drawbacks in Sri Lankan law and suggest recommendations. Accordingly, the findings of the research revealed that the existing consumer dispute mechanism under the Consumer Affairs Authority Act in Sri Lanka needs to be amended in order to accommodate easy to use, out of court mechanism to resolve domestic and cross border e-commerce disputes in a timely manner. This mechanism can be utilized as an ADR or ODR system, which allows consumers to file their complaints electronically and reach a decision within a reasonable time period.
Keywords: Consumer Dispute Resolution, E-commerce, B2C Transactions, Alternative Dispute Resolution, Online Dispute Resolutions
Making Intellectual Property a Common Good to Combat Global Pandemics: The COVID-19 Technology Access Pool (C-TAP) and the Role of Big Pharma
Authors: Adikari A.A.C.J. , Wijesinghe S.S. 
Published: March 2022

The COVID-19 outbreak has created a global race for research into a vaccine, diagnostic and therapeutic (COVID-19 treatments) among research institutes, governments, and big-tech pharmaceutical companies (Big Pharma). In this context, intellectual property rights (IPRs) would play a prominent role in incentivizing and accelerating COVID-19 treatments. However, there remains a reasonable doubt whether IPRs, in particular patent rights, would restrict access to COVID-19 treatments, and thereby create global health inequalities. Big Pharma may rely heavily on their IPRs to secure their patent monopoly and profit motives in successful development of COVID-19 treatments. Besides, Big Pharma has a history of using every possible tactic to circumvent the proposals to facilitate public health. This has led the global community to revisit the normative aspects of IPRs and consider making intellectual property a common good to achieve global health during the pandemic. As a result, the World Health Organization (WHO) has launched the COVID-19 Technology Access Pool (C-TAP), considering the proposal made by Costa Rica. The C-TAP intends to ensure technology transfer, disclosure of research, flexible licensing and open innovations. At the same time, Big Pharma, and proxy governments such as the United States of America, have already criticized this global initiative. Therefore, there remains a question as to whether a C-TAP approach would only be idealistic or realistic in the global governance of IPRs and public health. Accordingly, the main objective of this paper is to critically analyze the prospects that C-TAP would bring to combat COVID-19 pandemic with particular reference to the potential challenges that may be exerted by Big Pharma. This is legal doctrinal research performed through an extensive review of primary and secondary sources. Finally, this paper intends to reflect on how to tackle Big Pharma's influences on the effective functioning of C-TAP to ensure that everyone gets a fair opportunity to access and afford COVID-19 treatments.
Keywords: IPRs, common good, COVID-19 treatments, C-TAP, Big Pharma
Toward a Theology of Evangelism for the Pluralistic West
Authors: Lazerte Darcey 
Published: March 2022

[Figure: see text] This article works toward a theology of evangelism for mainline Protestant churches in light of the ever-growing pluralism in Western society. Evangelism in the past, especially with its connection to colonialism and the missionary enterprise, has left a negative legacy amongst mainline Protestant churches to the point where there is paralysis when it comes to engaging in the ministry of evangelism. A way forward is proposed in which an understanding of missio Dei that not only is comfortable but also embraces as foundational the ever-growing pluralism of Western society. Through an application of David J. Bosch’s approach of bold humility applied to Bernard Lonergan’s concept of mutual self-mediation, the church is given an approach to evangelism that respects the other, grounded in the church’s encounter with Christ, which allows churches to recover this ministry.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Melaksanakan Proses Pembelajaran melalui Supervisi Akademik Berbasis Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi
Authors: Thoyibah Thoyibah 
Published: March 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk melakukan peningkatan pada kemampuan dan keterampilan guru dalam menyusun perencanaan pembelajaran (RPP); mengelola kegiatan proses pembelajaran; memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi sebagai sumber pembelajaran; serta sebagai sarana peningkatan kemampuan profesionalisme guru. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Sekolah (PTS). Model penelitian yang digunakan adalah model siklus yang dikembangkan oleh Kemmis dan Mc. Taggart. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru PAI semester II Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020 wilayah Kecamatan Tanjung Kabupaten Brebes yang berjumlah 16 guru. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa melalui penggunaan supervisi akademik berbasis Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi, kemampuan guru PAI kecamatan Tanjung Kabupaten Brebes meningkat menjadi pembelajaran yang berkualitas dengan membandingkan hasil pengamatan pada pra siklus sebesar 63,65% yang tergolong kurang; siklus I sebesar 65,10% yang tergolong kurang; dan terjadi peningkatan pada siklus II menjadi sebesar 70,17 % yang masih tergolong kurang; serta pada siklus III tejadi peningkatkan menjadi sebesar 86,72% yang sudah masuk ke dalam kategori baik. Metode ini sangat diharapkan agar menjadi referensi bagi guru dalam menerapkan pembelajaran teks serupa atau genre yang lain.
SCAPS Simulation for Perovskite Solar Cell
Authors: R. Tala-Ighil Zaïr  , C. Oudjehani  , K. Tighilt  
Published: March 2022

Perovskite solar cells are keeping a very high interest in the solar energy world, with an efficiency in constant rise each year. In this study, we designed a tin-based (Hole Transport Material) HTM perovskite solar cell with the novel architecture Au/CH3NH3SnI3/TiO2/ZnO: Al. A simulation has been carried-out by using the SCAPS-1D solar cell capacitance simulator, which is well adapted to study the solar cell behavior. Through the software tool, we have studied the absorber’s layer thickness effect and the model operating temperature by plugging many varied parameters. The encouraging results of: 20.08% conversion efficiency, 32.76mA/cm² short-circuit current density (Jsc), 0.827 V open circuit voltage (Voc), and a fill factor (FF) of 74.06%, are predicted with the obtained optimal parameters.
The results indicate the high aptitude of lead free & HTM perovskite to achieve high efficiency and become a good alternative for the traditional solar cells in the future.
Black Cool Pigments for Urban Heat Island (UHI) Control: from Cr-Hematite to Mn-Melilite
Authors: G. Monrós  , S. Cerro  , J.A. Badenes  , M. Llusar  
Published: March 2022

Black cool pigments are very interesting for its application in asphalt urban pavements and building floors for moderate the urban heat island effect (UHI) and improving air conditioning energy efficiency. Cool black pigments based on Cr doped hematite Fe2O3 (trigonal, R-3c), hexagonal perovskites YMnO3 (hexagonal, P63cm) and Sr4CuMn2O9 (trigonal, P321) and melilite Sr2(Mg0.5Mn0.5)Ge2O7 (tetragonal, P-421m) with high NIR reflectance synthesized by ceramic and coprecipitation method, are analyzed and compared from color yield in alkyd paint, ceramic glazes and porcelain stoneware, NIR reflectance, bandgap and photocatalytic activity on Orange II substrate. Sr4CuMn2O9 black powders show the nearest hue h to the reference carbon black and the highest NIR reflectance (51%). All pigments show high NIR reflectance in all tested applications. The Fe1.2Cr0.8O3 pigment shows good behavior in the free ZnO glaze and also in porcelain stoneware, YMnO3 and Sr4CuMn2O9 pigments are compatible with low temperature glazes, but Sr2(Mg0.5Mn0.5)Ge2O7 pigment loses the black color even in low temperature glazes. Sr4CuMn2O9 pigment shows moderate photoactivity on Orange II (t1/2=216 min) and the Fe1.2Cr0.8O3 pigment also shows some activity (t1/2=329 min).
Mode of action of some bioactive compounds with anticancer activity
Authors: Kayode Abolanle A. A. , Okumede Grace F. , Alabi Great O. 
Published: March 2022

Cancer is characterized by the development of cells that are unlike normal cells and they divide rapidly and also corrupt and destroy normal tissues in the body. Cancer cells possess the ability to spread through the body and cause damage. Cancer is caused by the mutation of DNA. The estimate of cancer cases worldwide as of 202 has risen to 19.3 million and almost 10.0 million cancer deaths. Cancer has several meanswith which it sustains its growth. Cancerous action in the body involves unchecked, uncontrolled cell division and metastisis which is characterized by incading of other cells and tissues in the body. This is caused by a series of mutation in the genes of proteins that regulate the cell cycle and some other processes in the cell. These mutations suppress the ability of the cell to stop the cell cycle and promote cell division which causes continuous and uncontrolled division of cells. Bioactive compounds can be derived from plants, animals, or other sources and they have a wide range of biological and functional activities like anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anticancer, and antidiabetic activities; with the plant sources widely researched into for anticancer activities. Bioactive compounds have in recent years gained popularity in their role against cancer. This current study aims to review the mechanisms of action of anticancer activity of some of these bioactive compounds. Keywords: anticancer, bioactive compounds, cancer, genistein, mechanism
Black-Banded Honey Bee, Sulawesian Honey Bee Apis nigrocincta Smith (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Rodriguez Lisa , Johnson Brynn , Jack Cameron 
Published: March 2022

The Featured Creatures collection provides in-depth profiles of insects, nematodes, arachnids and other organisms relevant to Florida. These profiles are intended for the use of interested laypersons with some knowledge of biology as well as academic audiences. Apis nigrocincta Smith (1860) is a cavity-nesting honey bee native to the Philippines and Indonesia. The Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services – Division of Plant Industry’s Apiary Inspection Section is actively screening for invasive honey bee species in an effort to eradicate unwanted pests. This bee is not currently considered a threat to Florida, but state researchers are actively screening honey bees of unknown origins using molecular markers to detect the presence of Apis nigrocincta.
Experiencias de las E-actividades de Evaluación de las Competencias del nivel básico del área de Programación
Authors: Cerón Garnica C. , Archundia Sierra E. , Cervantes Márquez A.P. , Beltrán Martínez B. 
Published: March 2022

Las tendencias curriculares internacionales han producido modificaciones en los Planes y Programas de Estudio en las carreras de las Ciencias de la Computación dando énfasis a la evidencia del desarrollo de las competencias del perfil de egreso evaluadas por los organismos acreditadores y la movilidad académica internacional para asegurar la calidad de los mismos. El propósito de este trabajo es presentar la reflexión de los escenarios, e-actividades y herramientas usadas en las asignaturas del área de la programación que han impactado en el desarrollo de las competencias. La metodología utilizada con un enfoque cuantitativo y un diseño cuasi-experimental y longitudinal aplicado a una muestra de estudiantes de la generación 2016 de la Ingeniería en Cs. de la Computación. Finalmente, se presentan los resultados del diagnóstico del desarrollo de las competencias del área de programación y recomendaciones para apoyar el nivel curricular del programa en Ciencias de Computación.
The international curricular tendencies have produced modifications in the Plans and Programs of Study in the careers of the Sciences of the Computation giving emphasis in the evidence of the development of the competencies of the profile of graduation evaluated by the accrediting organisms and the international academic mobility to assure the quality of them. The purpose of this project is to present the reflection of the stages, e-activities and tools used in the subjects in the area of programming that have impacted in the development of competencies. The methodology used with a quantitative approach and a design quasi-experimental and longitudinal applied to a sample of students of the 2016 generation of the Engineering in Sciences of the Computation. Finally, are presented the results of the diagnosis of the development of the competencies in the area of programming and recommendations to support the curricular level of the program in Computer Sciences.
Chemical Genetics of the COP9 Signalosome: Identification of Novel Regulators of Plant Development
Authors: Chamovitz Daniel A. , Yang Zhenbiao 
Published: March 2022

This was an exploratory one-year study to identify chemical regulators of the COP9 signalosome. Chemical Genetics uses small molecules to modify or disrupt the function of specific genes/proteins. This is in contrast to classical genetics, in which mutations disrupt the function of genes. The underlying concept is that the functions of most proteins can be altered by the binding of a chemical, which can be found by screening large libraries for compounds that specifically affect a biological, molecular or biochemical process. In addition to screens for chemicals which inhibit specific biological processes, chemical genetics can also be employed to find inhibitors of specific protein-protein interactions. Small molecules altering protein-protein interactions are valuable tools in probing protein-protein interactions. In this project, we aimed to identify chemicals that disrupt the COP9 signalosome. The CSN is an evolutionarily conserved eight-subunit protein complex whose most studied role is regulation of E3 ubiquitinligase activity. Mutants in subunits of the CSN undergo photomorphogenesis in darkness and accumulate high levels of pigments in both dark- and light-grown seedlings, and are defective in a wide range of important developmental and environmental-response pathways. Our working hypothesis was that specific molecules will interact with the CSN7 protein such that binding to its various interacting proteins will be inhibited. Such a molecule would inhibit either CSN assembly, or binding of CSN-interacting proteins, and thus specifically inhibit CSN function. We used an advanced chemical genetic screen for small-molecule-inhibitors of CSN7 protein-protein interactions. In our pilot study, following the screening of ~1200 unique compounds, we isolated four chemicals which reproducibly interfere with CSN7 binding to either CSN8 or CSN6.
Scent biosynthesis in petunia flowers under normal and adverse environmental conditions
Authors: Pichersky Eran , Vainstein Alexander , Dudareva Natalia 
Published: March 2022

The ability of flowering plants to prosper throughout evolution, and for many crop plants to set fruit, is strongly dependent on their ability to attract pollinators. To that end many plants synthesize a spectrum of volatile compounds in their flowers. Scent is a highly dynamic trait that is strongly influenced by the environment. However, with high temperature conditions becoming more common, the molecular interplay between this type of stress and scent biosynthesis need to be investigated. Using petunia as a model system, our project had three objectives: (1) Determine the expression patterns of genes encoding biosynthetic scent genes (BSGs) and of several genes previously identified as encoding transcription factors involved in scent regulation under normal and elevated temperature conditions. (2) Examine the function of petunia transcription factors and a heterologous transcription factor, PAPl, in regulating genes of the phenylpropanoid/benzenoid scent pathway. (3) Study the mechanism of transcriptional regulation by several petunia transcription factors and PAPl of scent genes under normal and elevated temperature conditions by examining the interactions between these transcription factors and the promoters of target genes. Our work accomplished the first two goals but was unable to complete the third goal because of lack of time and resources. Our general finding was that when plants grew at higher temperatures (28C day/22C night, vs. 22C/16C), their scent emission decreased in general, with the exception of a few volatiles such as vanillin. To understand why, we looked at gene transcription levels, and saw that generally there was a good correlation between levels of transcriptions of gene specifying enzymes for specific scent compounds and levels of emission of the corresponding scent compounds. Enzyme activity levels, however, showed little difference between plants growing at different temperature regimes. Plants expressing the heterologous gene PAPl showed general increase in scent emission in control temperature conditions but emission decreased at the higher temperature conditions, as seen for control plants. Finally, expression of several transcription factor genes decreased at high temperature, but expression of new transcription factor, EOB-V, increased, implicating it in the decrease of transcription of BSGs. The major conclusion of this work is that high temperature conditions negatively affect scent emission from plants, but that some genetic engineering approaches could ameliorate this problem.
TEKNIK TECHNOLOGY OF PARTICIPATION (TOP) DALAM PEMBANGUNAN MASYARAKAT DESA
Authors: Ramdani Jaka 
Published: March 2022

Pembangunan masyarakat pada tingkat desa saat ini sedang digencarkan melalui berbagai program penanganan kemiskinan seperti dibidang infrastruktur, bidang perekonomian, kesehatan, sosial, dan bidang pendidikan masyarakat. Desa Munjul Kecamatan Cilaku Kabupaten Cianjur menjadi salah satu wilayah yang sedang melakukan pembangunan tersebut, akan tetapi belum dirasakan dampaknya bagi masyarakat setempat. Melalui penelitian ini diharapkan mampu menerapkan Technology of participation (TOP) dalam suatu pembangunan<br />masyarakat di Desa. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian tindakan (Action Research) dengan model Kemmis, S., &amp; Taggart, M yaitu berbentuk spiral dari siklus satu ke siklus lainnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukan capaian langkah-langkah penerapan Technology of participation (TOP) yaitu Perumusan Nama Kegiatan (diperoleh kesepakatan bersama untuk<br />dapat membantu Keluarga miskin dari segi pemberdayaan), Perumusan Tujuan Kegiatan (terbentuknya wadah usaha dan keluarga miskin dapat berdaya mengelola potensi lokal di ingkungannya sehingga dapat meningkatkan pendapatannya serta membangun rasa kebersamaan dan kerjasama antarwarga yang tergabung dalam kelompok), Sistem yang terlibat (Inisiator system, change agent system, client system, support system, controlling system, implementing system, target system, action system), Kesiapan sistem untuk bekerja (keinginan<br />warga yang kuat untuk meningkatkan kemampuan dan penghasilan Keluarga miskin dengan menciptakan keterampilan masyarakat dan juga penguatan yang dapat dimanfaatkan), dan Identifikasi kebijakan (mengumpulkan informasi kebijakan atau program yang ada di wilayah setempat)