bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analytical Validation of a Deep Neural Network Algorithm for the Detection of Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Reilly Gerard , Bullock Rowan G. , Greenwood Jessica , Ure Daniel R. , Stewart Erin , Davidoff Pierre , DeGrazia Justin , Fritsche Herbert , Dunton Charles J. , Bhardwaj Nitin , Northrop Lesley E. 
Published: June 2022

PURPOSE Early detection of ovarian cancer, the deadliest gynecologic cancer, is crucial for reducing mortality. Current noninvasive risk assessment measures include protein biomarkers in combination with other clinical factors, which vary in their accuracy. Machine learning can be applied to optimizing the combination of these features, leading to more accurate assessment of malignancy. However, the low prevalence of the disease can make rigorous validation of these tests challenging and can result in unbalanced performance. METHODS MIA3G is a deep feedforward neural network for ovarian cancer risk assessment, using seven protein biomarkers along with age and menopausal status as input features. The algorithm was developed on a heterogenous data set of 1,067 serum specimens from women with adnexal masses (prevalence = 31.8%). It was subsequently validated on a cohort almost twice that size (N = 2,000). RESULTS In the analytical validation data set (prevalence = 4.9%), MIA3G demonstrated a sensitivity of 89.8% and a specificity of 84.02%. The positive predictive value was 22.45%, and the negative predictive value was 99.38%. When stratified by cancer type and stage, MIA3G achieved sensitivities of 94.94% for epithelial ovarian cancer, 76.92% for early-stage cancer, and 98.04% for late-stage cancer. CONCLUSION The balanced performance of MIA3G leads to a high sensitivity and high specificity, a combination that may be clinically useful for providers in evaluating the appropriate management strategy for their patients. Limitations of this work include the largely retrospective nature of the data set and the unequal, albeit random, assignment of histologic subtypes between the training and validation data sets. Future directions may include the addition of new biomarkers or other modalities to strengthen the performance of the algorithm.
Is There a Relationship Between Frequency of Port-Care Maintenance and Related Complications in Patients With Cancer?
Authors: Lang Tali , Jaboury Sarah , West Alexander , O'Sullivan Jo , Seletto Kirsten , Wilson Lucy , Gleisner Elizabeth , Richardson Gary 
Published: June 2022

PURPOSE: Totally implantable ports require regular maintenance to prevent port-related complications. Manufacturers recommend monthly maintenance port flushes for patients for the life of the port. Previous studies show that extending intervals between maintenance port flushes up to 16 weeks does not increase incidence of port-related complications. To date, no prospective study has been conducted to evaluate the medical safety of extending flush intervals from monthly to every 12 weeks within a heterogeneous disease cohort. Research Question: Is it feasible and medically safe to extend intervals between maintenance port flushes to every 12 weeks in patients with cancer not on active treatment? PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study enrolled oncology and hematology patients who had retained their port following completion of anticancer treatment. Clinical data were extracted for 1,059 participants. The primary end points of this study were the overall number of ports removed and incidence of port-related complications reported between cohorts 1 and 2 (flushes every 4-8 weeks), and cohort 3 (flushes every 12 weeks). RESULTS: Data were allocated into three study cohorts on the basis of year and duration between port flushes. No difference was observed in the overall percentage of ports removed because of physician-reported complications across all cohorts (25%-30%). No change in the incidence of port-related complications including suspected infection and malfunction was observed between cohorts 1 and 2 (8%), or cohort 3 (5%). CONCLUSION: Our findings show that extending maintenance port flush intervals to 12 weeks does not increase the incidence of port-related adverse events and is medically safe.
Majority Urban Politics and Lives Worth Living in a Time of Climate Emergencies
Authors: Simone AbdouMaliq , Benjamin Solomon 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMajority lower-income and working-class districts in the Global South have long relied on an intricate interweaving of diverse practices. This has been complemented by strategic engagements with the ambiguities inherent in governing the dispositions of land and municipal services. These processes of majority-inflected urbanization are being substantially constrained both by the restructuring of urban rule and economy and by the exigencies of climate change. At the same time, there are often undue expectations that grassroots movements will be critical drivers of urban transformations capable of enduring climate change. But the collective actions of many low-income districts are seemingly indifferent to such expectations. Both the endurance of long-honed political practices and their substantive adjustments are explored here in order to revisit fundamental questions about how to generate lives worth living without valorization of the human.
From the Occupied Parks to the Gardens of the Nation
Authors: Erensü Sinan , İne Barış , Adanalı Yaşar Adnan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEver since the Gezi Park protests in Istanbul in the summer 2013, defending and reclaiming the city parks, market gardens, public squares, and urban forests has become a mainstream act of defiance and a symbolic rejection of an intensifying authoritarianism, neoliberal urbanism, and exclusionary planning practices. Growing interest in the mobilizing capacity of the emerging urban-environmental imaginary, however, has not remained exclusive to the opposition. Rather than dismissing the critique entirely, the governing Justice and Development Party (AKP) has most recently embraced the politics of urban greenery and strived to mold it in its own image. This article focuses on the contentious politics of urban greenery in Istanbul and examines how the city's green public spaces have come to proxy a larger struggle over the future of Turkey. By discussing the possibilities, challenges, and limits of the politics of urban greenery, this article examines how the government has attempted to absorb an emerging urban-environmental objection into its fold. To do so, the article traces the genealogy of Istanbul's park politics in the last decade and most specifically focuses on the latest iteration of the urban greenery frenzy: the Gardens of the Nation. By studying how this nationwide urban greenery drive has been designed, promoted, discussed, inaugurated, and used, this article provides an account for the critical role green aesthetics play in conjuring up alternative environmental imaginaries and communities against the backdrop of a populist authoritarian climate.
Development and Internal Validation of the ARISE Prediction Models for Rebleeding After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: van Lieshout Jasper Hans , Mijderwijk Hendrik-Jan , Nieboer Daan , Lingsma Hester F. , Ahmadi Sebastian A. , Karadag Cihat , Muhammad Sajjad , Porčnik Andrej , Wasilewski David , Wessels Lars , van Donkelaar Carlina E. , van Dijk J. Marc C. , Hänggi Daniel , Boogaarts Hieronymus D. 
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND:Aneurysmal rerupture is one of the most important determents for outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and still occurs frequently because individual risk assessment is challenging given the heterogeneity in patient characteristics and aneurysm morphology.OBJECTIVE:To develop and internally validate a practical prediction model to estimate the risk of aneurysmal rerupture before aneurysm closure.METHODS:We designed a multinational cohort study of 2 prospective hospital registries and 3 retrospective observational studies to predict the risk of computed tomography confirmed rebleeding within 24 and 72 hours after ictus. We assessed predictors with Cox proportional hazard regression analysis.RESULTS:Rerupture occurred in 269 of 2075 patients. The cumulative incidence equaled 7% and 11% at 24 and 72 hours, respectively. Our base model included hypertension, World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies scale, Fisher grade, aneurysm size, and cerebrospinal fluid drainage before aneurysm closure and showed good discrimination with an optimism corrected c-statistic of 0.77. When we extend the base model with aneurysm irregularity, the optimism-corrected c-statistic increased to 0.79.CONCLUSION:Our prediction models reliably estimate the risk of aneurysm rerupture after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage using predictor variables available upon hospital admission. An online prognostic calculator is accessible at https://www.evidencio.com/models/show/2626.
Site-Selective Spin-Probe with a Photocleavable Macrocyclic Linker for Measuring the Dynamics of Water Surrounding a Liposomal Assembly
Authors: Lee Gyeorye , Kageyama Yoshiyuki , Takeda Sadamu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
There is a growing interest in the behavior of water on the hydration layer of a soft matter surface in order to develop wet materials that can function in an aqueous environment and to increase the understanding of complex biological phenomena. Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), which increases the sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) by enhancing the magnetization of nuclear spin with the magnetization of electron spin, has recently attracted attention as a method to measure the dynamics of water of hydration. The design of functional spin probes is expected to provide on-demand measurements. In this study, we report the results of an in-situ, site-selective measurement method of water surrounding liposomes using a photolyzable macrocycle. We succeeded in measuring the difference in water dynamics at two different regions around the liposomal membrane of the same sample by the photocleavage of an o-nitrobenzyl ether derivative.
Dose length product and outcome of CT fluoroscopy-guided interventions using a new 320-detector row CT scanner with deep-learning reconstruction and new bow-tie filter
Authors: Matsumoto Tomohiro , Endo Kazuyuki , Yamamoto Shota , Suda Satoshi , Tomita Kosuke , Kamei Shunsuke , Hasebe Terumitsu , Awai Kazuo , Osaragi Kensuke , Yoshimatsu Rika , Yamagami Takuji 
Published: June 2022

Objectives:
To investigate the dose length product (DLP) and outcomes of CT fluoroscopy (CTF)-guided interventions using a novel 320-detector row CT scanner with deep-learning reconstruction (DLR) and a new bow-tie filter (i.e., Aquilion ONE Prism Edition) and compare with a 320-detector row CT system without DLR and the new bow-tie filter (i.e., Aquilion ONE Vision Edition) (Vision).

Methods:
CTF-guided interventions performed using Prism and Vision were retrospectively investigated in terms of the technical success rates, clinical success rates of biopsies, complications, DLPs of total CT scans (total DLPs) from February 2019 to January 2021. The total CT scans included pre-interventional CT scans, CTF scans during the CTF-guided procedure, additional CT scans for additional treatment, CTF scans for additional treatment, and post-interventional CT scans.

Results:
In this study, 87 and 85 CTF-guided interventions were performed using Vision (Vision group) and Prism (Prism group), respectively. There was no significant difference in the technical success rate (96.6% vs 98.8%, p = 0.621), clinical success rate of biopsies (92.9% vs 93.4%, p = 1.000), and minor (8.0% vs 7.1%, p = 0.807) and major (0% vs 3.5%, p = 0.119) complications between the Prism and Vision groups. The total DLPs for the Prism group were significantly lower than those for the Vision group regardless of the procedure (278 vs 548 mGy*cm, p &lt; 0.001, in the biopsy and 246 vs 667 mGy*cm, p &lt; 0.001, in the drainage and aspiration).

Conclusions:
CTF-guided interventions on Prism reduce the total DLP without performance degradation of the intervention.

Advances in knowledge:
The total DLPs of biopsies and drainages/aspirations in the Prism group decreased by 49 and 63%, respectively.
Read-out Segmented Echo Planar Imaging with Two-Dimensional Navigator Correction (RESOLVE): An Alternative Sequence to Improve Image Quality on Diffusion-Weighted Imaging of Prostate
Authors: Hosseiny Melina , Sung Kyung Hyun , Felker Ely , Suvannarerg Voraparee , Tubtawee Teeravut , Shafa Ariel , Arora Krishan R. , Ching Justin , Gulati Anjalie , Azadikhah Afshin , Zhong Xiaodong , Sayre James , Lu David , Raman Steven S 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
We aimed to investigate if the use of read-out segmented echoplanar imaging with additional two-dimensional navigator correction (Readout Segmentation of Long Variable Echo, RESOLVE) for acquiring prostate diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) improves image quality, compared to single-shot echoplanar imaging (ss-EPI).

Methods:
This single-center prospective study cohort included 162 males with suspected prostate cancer, who underwent 3 Tesla multiparametric MRI (3T-mpMRI). Two abdominal radiologists, blinded to the clinical information, separately reviewed each 3T-mpMRI study to rank geometrical distortion, degree of rectal distention, lesion conspicuity, and anatomic details delineation first on ss-EPI-DWI and later on RESOLVE-DWI using 5-point scales (1 = excellent, 5 = poor). The average of the ranking scores given by two readers was generated and used as the final score.

Results:
There was good-to-excellent interreader agreement for scoring image quality parameters on both ss-EPI and RESOLVE. Geometrical distortion scores &gt; 3 was seen in 12.3% (20/162) of ss-EPI images, with all having geometrical distortion score &lt;3 on RESOLVE (p &lt; .001). The mean image distortion score was significantly less on RESOLVE than ss-EPI (1.16 vs 1.61, p &lt; .01 regardless of rectal gas, p&lt; .05 when stratified by the degree of rectal distention ). RESOLVE was superior to ss-EPI for lesion conspicuity (mean 1.35 vs 1.53, p&lt; .002) and anatomic delineation (2.60 vs 2.68, p&lt; .001) of prostate on DWI.

Conclusion:
Compared to conventional ss-EPI, the use of RESOLVE for acquisition of prostate DWI resulted in significantly enhanced image quality and reduced geometrical distortion.

Advances in knowledge:
RESOLVE could be an alternative or replacement of ss-EPI for acquiring prostate DWI with significantly less geometrical distortion and significantly improved lesion conspicuity and anatomic delineation.
Pegvisomant therapy in acromegalic patient resistant to other treatment: case report
Authors: Nowicka Emilia , Obel Michał , Dzikowski Piotr , Stefaniak Martyna , Pietrzak Zofia , Obel Ewa 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Acromegaly is a chronic, rare disorder resulting from growth hormone (GH) hypersecretion, usually caused by a pituitary adenoma. GH stimulates synthesis of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), whom assay should be used as a screening test whenever acromegaly is suspected. Patients with acromegaly normally take from 5 to 10 years to receive a correct diagnosis, leading to complications such as cardiovascuar, respiratory, and endocrine problems that are responsible for an increase mortality. Late diagnosis of the disease also impact the effectiveness of surgical, pharmacological and radiotherapy treatment.

Case report: A 33-year-old acromegalic man with pituitary macroadenoma resistant to therapy of somastatin analogue (octreotide, lanreotide) and dopamine agonist (cabergoline). The patient underwent transsphenoidal adenomectomy, after wich high level of GH and IGF-1 were still measured. Due to the lack of the effect of the current treatment, the patient was qualified for pegvisomant therapy, as a result of which biochemical control was achieved without adverse events and with a good compliance of treatment.

Conclusions: Treatment with pegvisomant is now an important therapeutic strategy to achieve full disease control in acromegalic patients resistant or poorly responders to first generation somatostatin receptor ligands and in patients who do not respond adequately to selective excision of pituitary adenoma and /or for whom surgery is not possible.
Optimal Subjective Contracting with Revision
Authors: He Xinhao , Li Jin , Yuan Zhaoneng 
Published: June 2022

We study the optimal contracting problem with subjective evaluation when the principal can ask the agent to revise his work. The possibility of revision benefits the principal by providing the option value of making another attempt at the work. However, it also introduces a new type of incentive problem for the principal: she may ask for revision even if it is inefficient to do so. This new incentive issue for the principal also affects the incentive of the agent: he may procrastinate his effort in anticipation of excessive revision. This results in a trilemma: The optimal contract cannot simultaneously provide for efficient revision, efficient effort, and minimal ex post surplus destruction. The optimal contract will of necessity contain at least one of the following problems: revision, the principal asks for excessive revision; procrastination, the agent shirks in the early stage; or punishment, excessive surplus destruction at low-quality final output. This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy.
Green Cloud? An Empirical Analysis of Cloud Computing and Energy Efficiency
Authors: Park Jiyong , Han Kunsoo , Lee Byungtae 
Published: June 2022

The rapid, widespread adoption of cloud computing over the last decade has sparked debates on its environmental impacts. Given that cloud computing alters the dynamics of energy consumption between service providers and users, a complete understanding of the environmental impacts of cloud computing requires an investigation of its impact on the user side, which can be weighed against its impact on the vendor side. Drawing on production theory and using a stochastic frontier analysis, this study examines the impact of cloud computing on users’ energy efficiency. To this end, we develop a novel industry-level measure of cloud computing based on cloud-based information technology (IT) services. Using U.S. economy-wide data from 57 industries during 1997–2017, our findings suggest that cloud-based IT services improve users’ energy efficiency. This effect is found to be significant only after 2006, when cloud computing started to be commercialized, and becomes even stronger after 2010. Moreover, we find heterogeneous impacts of cloud computing, depending on the cloud service models, energy types, and internal IT hardware intensity, which jointly assist in teasing out the underlying mechanisms. Although software-as-a-service (SaaS) is significantly associated with both electric and nonelectric energy efficiency improvement across all industries, infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) is positively associated only with electric energy efficiency for industries with high IT hardware intensity. To illuminate the mechanisms more clearly, we conduct a firm-level survey analysis, which demonstrates that SaaS confers operational benefits by facilitating energy-efficient production, whereas the primary role of IaaS is to mitigate the energy consumption of internal IT equipment and infrastructure. According to our industry-level analysis, the total user-side energy cost savings from cloud computing in the overall U.S. economy are estimated to be USD 2.8–12.6 billion in 2017 alone, equivalent to a reduction in electricity use by 31.8–143.8 billion kilowatt-hours. This estimate exceeds the total energy expenditure in the cloud service vendor industries and is comparable to the total electricity consumption in U.S. data centers. This paper was accepted by Chris Forman, information systems. Supplemental Material: Data files and the online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4442 .
On-Site Inspecting Zombie Lending
Authors: Bonfim Diana , Cerqueiro Geraldo , Degryse Hans , Ongena Steven 
Published: June 2022

“Zombie lending” remains a widespread practice by banks around the world. In this paper, we exploit a series of large-scale on-site inspections made on the credit portfolios of several Portuguese banks to investigate how these inspections affect banks’ future lending decisions. We find that an inspected bank becomes 20% less likely to refinance zombie firms, immediately spurring their default. Overall, banks seemingly reduce zombie lending because the incentives to hold these loans disappear once they are forced to recognize losses. This paper was accepted by Tomasz Piskorski, finance. Funding: D. Bonfim and G. Cerqueiro acknowledge financial support from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [Grants PTDC/EGE-OGE/30314/2017 and UID/GES/00407/2013]. H. Degryse acknowledges financial support from Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek. S. Ongena acknowledges financial support from the Horizon 2020 European Research Council [Grant ERC ADG 2016 - GA 740272 lending]. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4452 .
Design and fabrication of a tapered fiber bundle for a pump combiner with a uniform splicing region
Authors: Majumder Debparna , Das Chowdhury Sourav , Pal Atasi 
Published: June 2022

A process of fabricating tapered fiber bundle (TFB) consisting of a set of input pump fibers, stacked inside a low-OH silica capillary, has been optimized to combine multiple multimode pump powers into different output fibers having cladding diameters of 400, 250, and 125 µm. Instead of individual input and output fiber processing, here pump combiner fabrication is based on the processing of the TFB to match its diameter with the output fiber to eliminate any perturbation in light guidance. Fabrication of the TFB includes multiple fusing steps and tapering with brightness conservation, followed by reduction of the outer silica layer through chemical etching to obtain the desired outer diameter. To reduce pump power leakage, the optimum fluorine cladding layer thickness outside the pump fiber cores and outer silica layer thickness have been estimated through numerical simulations using a finite element solver. The influence of fabrication parameters such as interstitial gaps between the input pump fibers, taper ratio, fluorine cladding, outer silica layer thickness, and non-uniformity of splicing region has been characterized in terms of transmission efficiency per port, as well as cumulative power handling along with the operating temperature at maximum power.
Three-channel (de)multiplexer for dense wavelength division (de)multiplexing based on a photonic crystal AAH cavity
Authors: Hu Yuchen , Chen Heming 
Published: June 2022

We propose a three-channel (de)multiplexer for dense wavelength division (de)multiplexing based on a photonic crystal Aubry–André–Harper cavity. The transmission performance of the designed structure was modeled and analyzed according to coupled mode theory. The parameters of the proposed device are calculated using a three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method for verification. Numerical results show that the minimum insertion loss and linewidth at operating wavelengths of 1556.2 nm, 1555.4 nm, and 1554.6 nm are 0.47 dB and 0.2 nm, respectively. The channel cross talk is lower than

−

16.23

d
B

. The (de)multiplexer has the advantages of low loss, small size [

19.35
×
11.53

(

µ

m

2

)

per channel], and easy cascading structure, and can realize three-channel dense wavelength division (de)multiplexing with a channel spacing of 0.8 nm and be used in highly integrated large-capacity optical fiber communication systems.