bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimaciones de pobreza para áreas pequeñas en Costa Rica: una aplicación de los estimadores de contracción de James–Stein
Authors: Barquero Jorge A. , Bonilla Roger E. 
Published: March 2022

En este artículo se prueban dos posibles métodos para estimar la pobreza en áreas pequeñas, los cuales se utilizaron para corregir los estimadores directos de las encuestas periódicas, apoyándose en la estimación censal: el método de regresión del tipo 1 Pit = β0 + β1Pio, en donde Pit son los valores de la pobreza en las fuentes periódicas y Pi0 son los correspondientes valores censales; y el llamado método de contracción basado en la teoría de los estimadores de contracción de James–Stein:

con variancia que consiste en “contraer” los estimadores de las fuentes periódicas ˜θit hacia los valores paramétricos θi, cuando la variancia del estimador en el área pequeña ψit es relativamente grande, o bien contraerlo a los estimadores de la fuente periódica θ ˜ it cuando la variancia de los parámetros ˆσ2 es relativamente grande. Los estimadores de contracción tienen un menor error cuadrático medio que los obtenidos por regresión, y produjeron intervalos de confianza más pequeños que los obtenidos por regresión y estimación directa
Análisis comparativo de eficiencia técnica entre la banca chilena y alemana
Authors: Aguirre González Medardo , Herrera Leiva Rodrigo , Bravo Espinoza Gilda 
Published: March 2022

El presente estudio tiene por objeto analizar comparativamente la eficiencia técnica de la banca chilena y alemana, mediante fronteras estocásticas de producción y costo y análisis envolvente de datos. En ambas fronteras estocásticas se utilizó una tecnología translogarítmica. Con el análisis envolvente de datos se calculó el índice de Malmquist para analizar cambio tecnológico. La base de datos fue proporcionada por los bancos centrales de ambos países y contiene información de todos los bancos de Chile y Alemania para el período 1991–2000.
De los resultados obtenidos se puede mencionar que los bancos chilenos son altamente eficientes, tanto en costos (alrededor de 80%) como en producción (bordea el 90%). La banca alemana, presenta un 90% de eficiencia, tanto en costos como en producción. Al comparar los países, la banca alemana resultó ser más eficiente que la banca chilena en un 15% en producción y 18% en costos. El índice de Malmquist muestra que el cambio tecnológico se ha mantenido más o menos constante para ambas bancas.
ИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ОСНОВЫ СТАНОВЛЕНИЯ СТУДЕНЧЕСКОЙ СЕМЬИ КАК РЕСУРСА ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ РОССИИ
Authors: Ростовская Тамара Керимовна , Князькова  Екатерина Александровна 
Published: March 2022

Целью исследования является изучение подходов и методологической основы к формированию институциональных основ для становления и развития студенческой семьи как ресурса демографического развития России.
Методологическую базу исследования составляют методы демографического и социологического анализа функционирования института студенческой семьи, а также теории, концепции, легшие в основу фамилистической социологии.
Результаты исследования. Обоснованы институциональные основы для становления и развития студенческой семьи, имеющие значение для формирования ее правового статуса, обозначения в качестве субъекта и объекта социальной политики, как-то: сущностные характеристики, специфические проблемы, целевые ориентиры. В качестве основного целевого ориентира институционализации студенческой семьи предложен тип благополучной студенческой семьи. Выделены критерии благополучия студенческой семьи.
Перспективы исследования заключаются в формулировании показателей, индикаторов и индексов благополучия студенческой семьи, позволяющих выделить стадии и оценить процесс институционализации студенческой семьи, предложить комплекс мер в области содействия благополучию молодой студенческой семьи.
ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКАЯ ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ МОЛОДЁЖИ: К ПОСТАНОВКЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ
Authors: Ильдарханова Чулпан Ильдусовна , Рустамова Гульшат Махмудовна 
Published: March 2022

Цель исследования — определить концептуальные ориентиры изучения феномена молодой семьи через процесс идентификации молодежи с важными демографическими событиями и встраивания в свои жизненные траектории создания семьи и рождения детей.
Методологическая база. Авторы придерживаются современного социально-демографического подхода к изучению демографической идентификации молодежи. Методология базируется на фундаментальных работах научной школы Центра семьи и демографии Академии наук Республики Татарстан, развивающей социально-демографическое направление. При изучении современных социологических исследований молодежи были проанализированы значимые теоретические подходы ученых ИСПИ ФНИСЦ РАН, ученых Института демографических исследований ФНИСЦ РАН, экономических демографов Вологодского научного центра РАН, казанских ученых.
Результаты исследования. В рамках статьи через анализ демографической ситуации в России, международных и федеральных нормативных документов, опросов общественного мнения и социологических исследований рассмотрена актуальность внедрения нового термина — «демографическая самоидентификация молодёжи», разработано авторское определение понятия, сделаны выводы о том, что данный процесс включает в себя как законодательно зафиксированные нормы (государственные программы, Национальные проекты и т. д.), стимулирующие активность демографического поведения юношей и девушек, так и демографическую самоидентификацию молодых мужчин и женщин, отражающую намерения создания семьи и рождения детей вне контекста государственной демографической политики, формируемую собственными жизненными траекториями. Кроме того, была обозначена необходимость дальнейшего осмысления и институционализации термина в науке, обозначены перспективные направления его исследования.
Перспективы исследования заключаются в научном поиске и кристаллизации терминов демографической идентификации и самоидентификации молодежи. В то же время дальнейшие исследования сопряжены с исследованием противоречий в идентификации молодой семьи, когда, с одной стороны, в общественном восприятии этот феномен связан и с продолжительностью брачного союза (пары, зарегистрировавшие отношения в органах ЗАГС, на момент бракосочетания являются молодоженами вне зависимости от возраста жениха и невесты), с другой стороны, социально-демографическая нагрузка на понятие «молодая семья» обусловлена исключительно возрастом супругов, не превышающим 35 лет.
<i>In silico</i> Screening of Chemical Constituents in <i>Rasam</i> as a Beneficial Supplementary Treatment for Novel Coronavirus
Authors: Mohan Maruga Raja M. K. , Selvaraj Jubie , Pottabathula S. S. , Anjana G. V. , Kathiravan M. K. 
Published: March 2022

<strong>Context:</strong> The novel coronavirus named as COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) from its origin in Hubei spread across the continent in a short period of six monthsâ€™ time. Till date there is no drug to cure the novel corona virus SARS-CoV-2. Earlier studies on SARS-CoV-1 suggests that interleukin 6 (IL-6) and Interleukin 8 (IL-8) were in the higher levels indicating the key role of IL. <strong>Aim:</strong> Molecular simulation studies were carried out on the selected 24 chemical constituents present in rasam against IL-6 to identify the key interaction between the amino acid residues and their chemical structure.Â <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> A library of 24 chemical constituents was sketched using Chem Sketch programming 8.0. The 3D structures of ligands were retrieved in mol format in Maestro v 11.3 and the ligands were optimized utilizing ligprep (4.3) module (SchrÃ¶dinger 2018-1). <strong>Results:</strong> One of the chemical constituents sinigrin a glucosinolate emerged as top scorer with a GLIDE score of -6.333. It was apparent from the examination, that the Van der Waals (Î”G bindvdW) and coulomb energy interactions were major great contributors. The structural diversity of sinigrin from the rest of other chemical constituents in rasam led to significantly better interaction with amino acid residues. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The study identifies sinigrin, as one of the active constituents in rasam possessing good binding affinity against IL-6 which can be used as a dietary supplement and can be used as a control measure to fight against Covid-19.
Peran PKS Dalam Pendidikan Politik Pada Masa Pandemi Covid 19 Di Kalidoni Palembang
Authors: Yunizar Muhammad 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The current condition of the Covid-19 pandemic that Indonesia is currently experiencing requires people to avoid gatherings and maintain social distancing. With this condition, how is the role of political parties in political education during the Covid-19 pandemic (Study on the Prosperous Justice Party at the DPC PKS, Kalidoni District, Palembang City.
To analyze the research results, the writer uses role theory, political party theory and political education theory. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. By using the primary data sources, namely observations and interviews, while the secondary data is obtained from the results of documentation, books, journals, and other reports from the results of related research.
The results of this study found that the forms of political education during the Covid-19 pandemic at the Prosperous Justice Party at the DPC PKS Kalidoni District, Palembang City were divided into three target audiences, namely for individual parties through the Political Recruitment and TOP (Party Orientation Training) program with regular carried out during the pandemic to facilitate party individuals with legal and political insight, then programs aimed at party administrators including the khalaqah program and political education through webinars, finally political education aimed at the community through the Mothers Motivator and Pioneer of Kindness Political Education program which is still being carried out at the sub-district level during the pandemic by implementing physical distancing and BPJE (Economic Network Empowerment Sector) which was conducted in a webinar and was specifically aimed at MSME actors. The supporting factors were technology facilities and quality The human resources owned by PKS and the inhibiting factor is the lack of community involvement where the community still does not have adequate technology and inadequate infrastructure The role and strategy of the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) in Conducting Political Education During the Covid-19 Pandemic by utilizing technology in the current era of the covid-19 pandemic
Keyword : Covid-19, Political Parties, Political Education
First occurrence of <i>Halyomorpha halys</i> in Bordeaux vineyards
Authors: Delbac Lionel , Rouzes Raphaël , Hamidi Rachid , Thiéry Denis 
Published: March 2022

Here we report the first detection of Halyomorpha halys (Stål, 1855) in Bordeaux vineyards. The species is native to Eastern Asia and was introduced to France in 2012. Halyomorpha halys is highly polyphagous and causes significant damage to various crops, including grapevines. From 2018 to 2020, Pentatomidae species were collected in vineyards in the Bordeaux region. In 2020, the first nymphs and adults of H. halys were identified in the plot centres. The study emphasizes the need for field population monitoring in risk assessment and, consequently, risk management.
The Thrower’s Shoulder
Authors: Medina Giovanna , Bartolozzi Arthur R. , Spencer Jacob A. , Morgan Craig 
Published: March 2022

» The thrower’s shoulder has been a subject of great interest for many decades. Different theories have been proposed to clarify the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and treatment options for this condition. In this review article, we summarize the relevant anatomy and pathophysiology and how these translate into signs, symptoms, and imaging findings. Also, a historical review of the treatment methodologies in the setting of an evolving concept is presented.» The initial event in the cascade is thickening and contracture of the posteroinferior capsule resulting from repetitive tensile forces during the deceleration phase of throwing. This is known as “the essential lesion” and is clinically perceived as glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD), and a Bennett lesion may be found on radiographs.» Change in the glenohumeral contact point leads to a series of adaptations that are beneficial for the mechanics of throwing, specifically in achieving the so-called “slot,” which will maximize throwing performance.» The complexity of the throwing shoulder is the result of an interplay of the different elements described in the cascade, as well as other factors such as pectoralis minor tightness and scapular dyskinesis. However, it is still unclear which event is the tipping point that breaks the balance between these adaptations and triggers the shift from an asymptomatic shoulder to a painful disabled joint that can jeopardize the career of a throwing athlete. Consequences are rotator cuff impingement and tear, labral injury, and scapular dyskinesis, which are seen both clinically and radiographically.» A thorough understanding of the pathologic cascade is paramount for professionals who care for throwing athletes. The successful treatment of this condition depends on correct identification of the point in the cascade that is disturbed. The typical injuries described in the throwing shoulder rarely occur in isolation; thus, an overlap of symptoms and clinical findings is common.» The rationale for treatment is based on the pathophysiologic biomechanics and should involve stretching, scapular stabilization, and core and lower-body strengthening, as well as correction of throwing mechanics, integrating the entire kinetic chain. When nonoperative treatment is unsuccessful, surgical options should be tailored for the specific changes within the pathologic cascade that are causing a dysfunctional throwing shoulder.
Surface Rupture and Slip Distribution along the Zheduotang Fault in the Kangding Section of the Xianshuihe Fault Zone
Authors: Ma Jun , Zhou Bengang , Wang Mingming , Guo Peng , Liu Jinrui , Ha Guanghao , Fan Jing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The Zheduotang fault (ZDTF) is located in the Kangding section of the Xianshuihe fault zone (XSHF). While the ZDTF plays an essential role in understanding the structural deformation pattern of the Kangding section. Little information is known about the paleoearthquake offsets and slip behavior of the ZDTF. It is therefore essential to analyze the seismic hazards in this area. Using UAV-based photogrammetry, high-resolution satellite images, and field observations, we mapped the surface trace of the fault in detail and measured the horizontal and vertical offsets geomorphological landforms along the fault. The binned cumulative offset probability density (COPD) distribution was calculated to analyze single-event and multievent cumulative offsets. We found that the ZDTF has scarps along its entire ~46 km length, and the offset distributions of its northwestern (NW) and southeastern (SE) sections feature different characteristics. The SE section follows a uniform slip model based on the relationship between cumulative and coseismic offsets. We estimated the maximum potential earthquake magnitudes of the NW section and SE section to be M6.6 and M7.0, respectively, from the measured offsets and empirical formulas. Finally, we discussed the seismic hazard of the ZDTF based on our findings and paleoearthquake data. The NW section is at risk of large earthquakes recurring in the future, whereas the SE section has a low risk of a &gt;M7.0 earthquake recurring in the next 100 years. If these two sections rupture at the same event in the future, the maximum potential magnitude of the ZDTF is M7.2.
Structural Anatomy of the Intraterrane Shear Zones in the Archean Bundelkhand Craton, North-Central India and Its Possible Linkage to Supercontinent Assembly: Insights from Field- and AMS-Based Kinematic Analysis
Authors: Maity Sayan , Banerjee Sayandeep 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Delineation and characterization of the intraterrane shear zones (ITSZs) are very significant in establishing suitable models to understand the tectonic evolution of continental blocks and often provide crucial information on supercontinent assembly. The granitoid rocks of the Bundelkhand Craton (BC) host mesoscale ductile shear zones of varying width and direction and typically represent decoupling zones (high and low strain), characteristic of ITSZs. The detailed study on the structural anatomy and nucleation of the ductile shear zones in the BC suggests the presence of four distinct sets of ITSZs along ~N-S, ~NE-SW, ~NW-SE, and ~ E-W directions. The nucleation of the ITSZs in the granitoid rocks is possibly a result of reactivation of the precursor fractures due to the rheological transformation induced by a fluid phase, which percolated through the fractures. Also, the thickness of the ultramylonite zone in the ITSZs is attributed to the width and style of the brittle fracturing. Here, we also construe a relative chronology of the development of fabric elements related to the ITSZs in BC with the help of cross-cutting relationships as observed in the field and further corroborated it to the available chronological data. This suggests, ~E-W trending ITSZs along the Bundelkhand tectonic zone (BTZ) and Raksa shear zone (RSZ) as the oldest followed by the evolution of ~N-S, ~NE-SW, and ~ NW-SE trending ITSZs. The kinematic analysis of these ITSZs, with the help of angular relationship between the measured mylonitic foliation and determined magnetic foliation data (by AMS analysis), suggests that fabric development in the ITSZs is dominantly governed by general shear except the oldest ~E-W trending ITSZs, which shows pure shear dominated progressive deformation. Also, with the help of field evidences and magnetic fabric analysis, we conclude that transpression was involved over a protracted period for the evolution of the ITSZs in the BC. Finally, we argue that the BTZ served as the site for the localization of the ~E-W trending ITSZs and represents the zone of amalgamation between North BC and South BC during the formation of Kenorland.
A Flow Feature Clustering-Assisted Uncertainty Analysis Workflow for Optimal Well Rates in Waterflood Projects
Authors: Chen Hongquan , Sen Deepthi 
Published: March 2022

Summary
The optimal schedule based on single geologic model may not necessarily result in favorable outcomes on the real field due to geologic uncertainty. This paper proposes an efficient workflow to evaluate the uncertainty of optimal well rates in waterflood problems. Specifically, a flow feature clustering method is derived using streamline and unsupervised machine-learning techniques to minimize the number of geologic realizations needed for geologic uncertainty representation, thus significantly accelerating the workflow.
Given a set of historical production and injection data, first, an ensemble of Nreal history-matched geologic realizations is generated using ensemble-smoother with multiple data assimilation (ESMDA). Subsequently, the streamline time of flight (TOF) and principal component analysis (PCA) are used to extract the flow feature of all realizations, based on which k-means clustering algorithm generates a subset of Nclust realizations representing the whole ensemble. The rate optimization is performed on each of the representative realizations using a streamline-based rate optimization algorithm that seeks to maximize the oil production during the optimization period. The distribution of optimal schedules obtained by optimizing the representative realizations is shown to be in high correspondence with that obtained by optimizing the full ensemble. Using the optimal schedule distribution, the key wells are identified, for which rate change is advised with high certainty. The workflow is tested on a synthetic 2D reservoir model as well as a 3D field-scale benchmark reservoir model [sensitivity analysis of the impact of geological uncertainties on production (SAIGUP) model].
The novelty of this work is the combination of the streamline-extracted flow features and unsupervised machine-learning methods to formulate an efficient workflow for uncertainty analysis of optimal well schedules. The proposed approach ensures quality and rigor of uncertainty analysis with a significantly reduced number of geologic realizations and thus makes the approach well-suited for large-scale field applications.
Establishment of a risk model by integrating hypoxia genes in predicting prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Xiao Wanyi , Tang Peng , Sui Zhilin , Wu Xianxian , Yang Yueyang , Zhu Ningning , Han Youming , Gong Lei , Yu Zhentao , Zhang Hongdian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has a dismal prognosis and hypoxia plays a key role in metastasis and proliferation of ESCC. Thus, we aimed to develop a hypoxia-based gene signature to assist in the diagnosis and prognosis. We performed consensus clustering analysis based on differentially expressed hypoxia related genes (HRGs) acquired from the GSE53625 dataset and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and used weighted gene co-expression network analysis to filter out candidate modules which were then intersected with differentially expressed genes from clustered subgroups to obtain HRGs. The HRGs were used for stepAIC algorithm to construct risk score models and validated in TCGA database. Independent prognostic factors after univariate and multivariate COX analyses were used to construct the prognostic nomogram. Immunohistochemical were used to detect protein expression levels of relevant genes. And the relationship between risk scores and tumor microenvironment was explored. A hypoxia risk model containing 6 genes (PNPLA1, CARD18, IL-18, SLC37A2, ADAMTS18 and FAM83C) was constructed by screening key HRGs. Poorer prognosis in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group. And Cox regression analysis showed that risk score was independent prognostic factors. Nomogram based on risk scores could well predict 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival. P53, Wnt, and hypoxia signaling pathways may be some regulatory mechanisms of hypoxia associated with tumor microenvironment. In addition, we confirmed the high expression of BGN and low expression of IL-18 in ESCC tissues. Our study determined the prognostic value of a 6-hypoxia gene signature and a prognostic model, providing potential prognostic predictors and therapeutic targets for ESCC.