bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood Pressure Variability Indices for Outcome Prediction After Thrombectomy in Stroke by Using High-Resolution Data
Authors: Inauen Corinne , Boss Jens M. , Katan Mira , Luft Andreas R. , Kulcsar Zsolt , Willms Jan F. , Bögli Stefan Y. , Keller Emanuela 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundBlood pressure variability (BPV) is associated with outcome after endovascular thrombectomy in acute large vessel occlusion stroke. We aimed to provide the optimal sampling frequency and BPV index for outcome prediction by using high-resolution blood pressure (BP) data.MethodsPatient characteristics, 3-month outcome, and BP values measured intraarterially at 1 Hz for up to 24 h were extracted from 34 patients treated at a tertiary care center neurocritical care unit. Outcome was dichotomized (modified Rankin Scale 0–2, favorable, and 3–6, unfavorable) and associated with systolic BPV (as calculated by using standard deviation, coefficient of variation, averaged real variability, successive variation, number of trend changes, and a spectral approach using the power of specific BP frequencies). BP values were downsampled by either averaging or omitting all BP values within each prespecified time bin to compare the different sampling rates.ResultsOut of 34 patients (age 72 ± 12.7 years, 67.6% men), 10 (29.4%) achieved a favorable functional outcome and 24 (70.6%) had an unfavorable functional outcome at 3 months. No group differences were found in mean absolute systolic BP (SBP) (130 ± 18 mm Hg,p = 0.82) and diastolic BP (DBP) (59 ± 10 mm Hg,p = 1.00) during the monitoring time. BPV only reached predictive significance when using successive variation extracted from downsampled (averaged over 5 min) SBP data (median 4.8 mm Hg [range 3.8–7.1]) in patients with favorable versus 7.1 mmHg [range 5.5–9.7] in those with unfavorable outcome, area under the curve = 0.74 [confidence interval (CI) 0.57–0.85;p = 0.031], or the power of midrange frequencies between 1/20 and 1/5 min [area under the curve = 0.75 (CI 0.59–0.86),p = 0.020].ConclusionsUsing high-resolution BP data of 1 Hz, downsampling by averaging all BP values within 5-min intervals is essential to find relevant differences in systolic BPV, as noise can be avoided (confirmed by the significance of the power of midrange frequencies). These results demonstrate how high-resolution BP data can be processed for effective outcome prediction.
Soziale Arbeit mit rechtsaffinen Adressat:innen: Forschungsfragen zur Theoriebildung über sozialpädagogische Professionalität
Authors: Janotta Lisa 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungDieser Artikel arbeitet den empirischen Forschungsstand zur Sozialen Arbeit mit rechtsaffinen Adressat:innen auf und diskutiert Desiderate. Dazu werden zunächst methodologische Herausforderungen in Bezug auf die politische Sprengkraft des Gegenstands reflektiert. Anschließend werden die Forschungsgegenstände demokratische Professionalität und Rechtsextremismus aufgearbeitet. Empirische Studien werden diskutiert. Den Schluss bildet ein Ausblick auf das Potenzial empirischer Forschung zur Vertiefung von Professionalisierungsdebatten in der Sozialen Arbeit.
Social justice in medical education: inclusion is not enough—it’s just the first step
Authors: Machado Maria Beatriz , Ribeiro Diego Lima , De Carvalho Filho Marco Antonio 
Published: May 2022

Introduction Medical schools worldwide are creating inclusion policies to increase the admission of students from vulnerable social groups. This study explores how medical students from vulnerable social groups experience belongingness as they join the medical community.
Methods This qualitative study applied thematic analysis to 10 interviews with medical students admitted to one medical school through an affirmative policy. The interviews followed the drawing of a rich picture, in which the students represented a challenging situation experienced in their training, considering their socio-economic and racial background. The analysis was guided by the modes of belonging (engagement, imagination, and alignment) described by the Communities of Practice framework.
Results Participants struggled to imagine themselves as future doctors because they lack identification with the medical environment, suffer from low self-esteem, aside from experiencing racial and social discrimination. Participants also find it troublesome to engage in social and professional activities because of financial disadvantages and insufficient support from the university. However, participants strongly align with the values of the public health system and show deep empathy for the patients.
Discussion Including students with different socio-economic and racial backgrounds offers an opportunity to reform the medical culture. Medical educators need to devise strategies to support students’ socialization through activities that increase their self-esteem and make explicit the contributions they bring to the medical community.
On the approximation of rough functions with deep neural networks
Authors: De Ryck Tim , Mishra Siddhartha , Ray Deep 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe essentially non-oscillatory (ENO) procedure and its variant, the ENO-SR procedure, are very efficient algorithms for interpolating (reconstructing) rough functions. We prove that the ENO (and ENO-SR) procedure are equivalent to deep ReLU neural networks. This demonstrates the ability of deep ReLU neural networks to approximate rough functions to high-order of accuracy. Numerical tests for the resulting trained neural networks show excellent performance for interpolating functions, approximating solutions of nonlinear conservation laws and at data compression.
3d printing of column structures for architectural applications
Authors: Waldschmitt B. , Costanzi C. Borg , Knaack U. , Lange J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) is a welding process used to build up three-dimensional structures in steel. Like other Additive Manufacturing technologies, it allows for geometrically-complex structures to be fabricated which are otherwise unfeasible to manufacture using traditional methods. This research paper presents an integrated design approach to the use of WAAM in the context of large-scaled applications, focusing on column variants of gradually-increasing geometric complexity as basis for architectural constructions. It combines material behavior and process para-meter research together with a rudimentary digital twin model, with the aim of providing a digital tool to design architectural structures for WAAM. To achieve the desired geometries, necessary welding parameters are stored and applied to the digital twin model. This is complimented by multiple process-control checks, which are implemented during the printing process to ensure that an object is generated as planned. Finally, the structures are manufactured and are subjected to a critical evaluation in order to identify the possible future potential. The challenge of combining geometric complexity with manufacturing for large scale represents a next step in the integration of WAAM in steel constructions for architectural applications.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening of asymptomatic healthcare workers in a low-prevalence setting: A single-center UK cohort study
Authors: Azamgarhi Tariq , Maynard-Smith Laura , Bysouth Hannah , Warren Simon 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this cohort study of UK healthcare workers, we evaluated the use of fortnightly polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening to facilitate the safe resumption of elective surgery in a low-prevalence setting. We found that adherence to serial testing was poor, and the resource required to identify 1 asymptomatic case was substantial.
The impact on nudge acceptability judgements of framing and consultation of the targeted population
Authors: Rafaï Ismaël , Ribaillier Arthur , Jullien Dorian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe aim of this article is to better understand how judgements about nudge acceptability are formed and whether they can be manipulated. We conducted a randomized experiment with N = 171 participants to test whether acceptability judgements could be (1) more favourable when the decision to implement the nudges was made following a consultation with the targeted population and (2) influenced by the joint framing of the nudge's purpose and effectiveness (in terms of an increase in desirable behaviour versus decrease in undesirable behaviour). We tested these hypotheses on various nudge scenarios and obtained mixed results that do not clearly support our hypotheses for all nudge scenarios. A surprising result that calls for further work is that by mentioning that a nudge had been implemented through a consultation with the targeted population its acceptability could be lowered.
Leadership and administration to advance translational science: Environmental scan of adaptive capacity and preparedness of Clinical and Translational Science Award Program hubs
Authors: Volkov Boris B. , Ragon Bart , Holmes Kristi , Samuels Elias , Walden Anita , Herzog Keith 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
COVID-19 reinforced the need for effective leadership and administration within Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) program hubs in response to a public health crisis. The speed, scale, and persistent evolution of the pandemic forced CTSA hubs to act quickly and remain nimble. The switch to virtual environments paired with supporting program operations, while ensuring the safety and well-being of their team, highlight the critical support role provided by leadership and administration. The pandemic also illustrated the value of emergency planning in supporting organizations’ ability to quickly pivot and adapt. Lessons learned from the pandemic and from other cases of adaptive capacity and preparedness can aid program hubs in promoting and sustaining the overall capabilities of their organizations to prepare for future events.
Fragile Bonds of Recognition: Exploring the Social Underpinnings of Sentiments of Exclusion in Post-1989 East Germany
Authors: Hilmar Till 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRecently, as a corollary of intensified efforts to understand the rise of right-wing populism, the topic of social recognition has gained renewed attention in sociological research. It seems that a sense of misrecognition and exclusion is shaped as much by cultural as by economic factors. Just how these elements are interlinked, however, remains a black box. In this article, I offer an empirical contribution to this problem: I demonstrate that social recognition is nourished in everyday interpersonal relations and that people negotiate ideas of economic deservingness in their social surroundings—so much so, in fact, that they make social ties dependent on them. The article studies the case of the post-1989 societal shifts in formerly communist-ruled East Germany, a context marked by a pervasive sense of social exclusion today. In interviews with 41 individuals who lived through this rupturing process, I identify a crucial dynamic of social misrecognition in how respondents evaluate other peoples’ strategies of coping with the economic fallout of this time and how they draw—often deeply personal—boundaries between themselves and others on these grounds.
Curating duplicates: operationalizing similiarity in the Smithsonian Institution with Haida rattles, 1880–1926
Authors: Nichols Catherine A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn the late nineteenth century, the anthropology curators of the Smithsonian Institution consulted their cataloguing systems and storerooms, assessing specimens in order to determine which could be designated as duplicate specimens and exchanged with museums domestically and abroad. The status of ‘duplicate’ for specimens was contingent on conceptions of similiarity impacted by disciplinary classification praxis, with particular emphasis on object nomenclature and formal attributes. Using rattles from Haida Gwaii collected between 1881 and 1885 by James Swan for the Smithsonian Institution, this article explores how anthropology curators designated rattles as exchangeable duplicate specimens. It considers cataloguing and spatial arrangements, as well as changing populations and formal characteristics of rattles, in order to explore how similarity was operationalized in the museum to produce duplicate anthropological specimens.
Between the Vatican and Moscow: The Lithuanian Imprint on the Death Throes of the Soviet Union (1979–1989)
Authors: Streikus Arūnas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBy introducing different types of sources—published documents on Vatican's Eastern policy, archival material of the Soviet governmental agencies, egodocuments of local ecclesiastical leaders—this article tries to identify the role Lithuanian subjects have played in the field of Vatican-USSR relations during the first half of Pope John Paul II's pontificate. The research reveals that, since the end of 1970s, issues pertaining to the Lithuanian Catholic Church were considered priority agenda items—both within the halls of the Vatican and in the central government offices of the Soviet regime. An analysis of available sources illustrates also that interrelated issues of the boundaries of the Vilnius Archdiocese and the question of its further administration constituted the most acute node of issues during the period under review. The Soviet regime was the most interested in focusing on these issues, as it hoped thereby to dispel any mutual sympathies between Lithuanian Catholics and the Polish pope, put a stop to the emerging cooperation between Catholics in Lithuania and Poland, and bring an end to the politically costly case of Bishop Steponavičius, who by then had become a symbol of the Lithuanian Catholic Church's resistance. Suppressing of any attempts of the Holy See to be represented at commemoration of important events in Lithuania's history was yet another highly complicated task for the Soviet authorities.
Comparison of different response variables in genomic prediction using GBLUP and ssGBLUP methods in Iranian Holstein cattle
Authors: Afrazandeh Mohamadreza , Abdolahi-Arpanahi Rostam , Abbasi Mokhtar Ali , Kashan Nasser Emam Jomeh , Torshizi Rasoul Vaez 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe compared the reliability and bias of genomic evaluation of Holstein bulls for milk, fat, and protein yield with two methods of genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) and single-step GBLUP (ssGBLUP). Four response variables of estimated breeding value (EBV), daughter yield deviation (DYD), de-regressed proofs based on Garrick (DRPGR) and VanRaden (DRPVR) were used as dependent variables. The effects of three weighting methods for diagonal elements of the incidence matrix associated with residuals were also explored. The reliability and the absolute deviation from 1 of the regression coefficient of the response variable on genomic prediction (Dev) using GBLUP and ssGBLUP methods were estimated in the validation population. In the ssGBLUP method, the genomic prediction reliability and Dev from un-weighted DRPGR method for milk yield were 0.44 and 0.002, respectively. In the GBLUP method, the corresponding measurements from un-weighted EBV for fat were 0.52 and 0.008, respectively. Moreover, the un-weighted DRPGR performed well in ssGBLUP with fat yield values for reliability and Dev of 0.49 and 0.001, respectively, compared to equivalent protein yield values of 0.38 and 0.056, respectively. In general, the results from ssGBLUP of the un-weighted DRPGR for milk and fat yield and weighted DRPGR for protein yield outperformed other models. The average reliability of genomic predictions for three traits from ssGBLUP was 0.39 which was 0.98% higher than the average reliability from GBLUP. Likewise, the Dev of genomic predictions was lower in ssGBLUP than GBLUP. The average Dev of predictions for three traits from ssGBLUP and GBLUP were 0.110 and 0.144, respectively. In conclusion, genomic prediction using ssGBLUP outperformed GBLUP both in terms of reliability and bias.
Volume of hippocampus-amygdala transition area predicts outcomes of electroconvulsive therapy in major depressive disorder: high accuracy validated in two independent cohorts
Authors: Xu Jinping , Li Wenfei , Bai Tongjian , Li Jiaying , Zhang Jinhuan , Hu Qingmao , Wang Jiaojian , Tian Yanghua , Wang Kai 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough many previous studies reported structural plasticity of the hippocampus and amygdala induced by electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in major depressive disorder (MDD), yet the exact roles of both areas for antidepressant effects are still controversial.MethodsIn the current study, segmentation of amygdala and hippocampal sub-regions was used to investigate the longitudinal changes of volume, the relationship between volume and antidepressant effects, and prediction performances for ECT in MDD patients before and after ECT using two independent datasets.ResultsAs a result, MDD patients showed selectively and consistently increased volume in the left lateral nucleus, right accessory basal nucleus, bilateral basal nucleus, bilateral corticoamygdaloid transition (CAT), bilateral paralaminar nucleus of the amygdala, and bilateral hippocampus-amygdala transition area (HATA) after ECT in both datasets, whereas marginally significant increase of volume in bilateral granule cell molecular layer of the head of dentate gyrus, the bilateral head of cornu ammonis (CA) 4, and left head of CA 3. Correlation analyses revealed that increased volume of left HATA was significantly associated with antidepressant effects after ECT. Moreover, volumes of HATA in the MDD patients before ECT could be served as potential biomarkers to predict ECT remission with the highest accuracy of 86.95% and 82.92% in two datasets (The predictive models were trained on Dataset 2 and the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of Dataset 2 were obtained from leave-one-out-cross-validation. Thus, they were not independent and very likely to be inflated).ConclusionsThese results not only suggested that ECT could selectively induce structural plasticity of the amygdala and hippocampal sub-regions associated with antidepressant effects of ECT in MDD patients, but also provided potential biomarkers (especially HATA) for effectively and timely interventions for ECT in clinical applications.
Disorientation as Critical Practice: Confronting Anti-Black Perceptual Regimes and Activating the Otherwise in mayfield brooks's Improvising While Black Pedagogy
Authors: Bibler Zena 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article examines how mayfield brooks uses spatial, discursive, and vestibular disorientations to intervene within anti-Black regimes of perception in their Improvising While Black (IWB) workshops, which draw from their ongoing life/art project by the same name. Drawing from insights gathered through my participation in IWB workshops as well as through conversations with brooks and other workshop participants, I examine what brooks's guided disorientations do, that is, what they produce kinetically, perceptually, and relationally among participants. I show how brooks's disorientations expand on Sachi Sekimoto and Christopher Brown's conceptualization of racialized regimes of perception by revealing a set of choreographic tropes that undergird those regimes. These include perceiving from a vertical posture, leading movement from the head, navigating based on visual cues while inhibiting responsivity to other senses, turning away from cultural and ancestral context, and relating to self and others as individuals. Drawing on examinations of disorientation within contemporary dance practice and critical race theory, I argue that brooks guides participants into disorienting improvisations that draw attention to, refuse participation within, and generate otherwise possibilities to this choreography.
Coloured Swan: Moya Michael's Prowess in the Face of Fetishization in European Dance
Authors: Van Assche Annelies 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn my ethnographic fieldwork in the contemporary dance scene in Brussels, I followed closely which struggles Moya Michael had to overcome as a South African maker in the European contemporary dance sector trying to sell her work. As a female artist of color, she cannot escape the fetishistic gaze emphasizing her exoticized body, a body imagined as exotic vis-à-vis institutional whiteness. This article examines how the work environment in the continental European contemporary dance sector forms a breeding ground for the fetishization of Afrodiasporic artists. After unpacking the general issues related to identity in the European contemporary dance sector, this article continues to discuss the dance solo Khoiswan, which Michael created in 2018 as the first part of an ongoing series called Coloured Swans. In this choreographic work, Michael centers and explores her multilayered identity on her own terms.
Herb–subshrub diversity in open savanna sites with distinct fire regimes in the Jalapão region, Brazil
Authors: Antar Guilherme Medeiros , Pivello Vânia Regina , Gerolamo Caian Souza , Nogueira Anselmo , Sano Paulo Takeo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe fire regime is essential in creating a mosaic of plant structure and diversity in South American open savannas, especially favouring herbs. However, studies investigating diversity patterns in Neotropical savannas rarely focus on the herb–subshrub layer. This study investigated the variation of the herb–subshrub layer under contrasting fire regimes in the most conserved site within the Cerrado Domain, the Jalapão region, Brazil. We selected four sites of open savanna physiognomy with similar topographic, climatic and edaphic features: three burned every 2 years, while the fourth site has remained unburned for at least the last 10 years. We randomly distributed 15 plots of 4 m2 in each site and identified all herbs and subshrubs in each plot to estimate density, richness, alpha diversity and species composition. The unburned site had lower herb–subshrub density, richness and diversity than the frequently burned sites. Species composition varied between frequently burned and unburned sites, partially explained by the fire frequency across sites. Although other ecological factors may explain the patterns detected, we cannot rule out the importance of fire in structuring plant communities in the Jalapão region. As in other savannas, our study in the Cerrado Domain reinforces the essential role of the fire regimes in modifying and maintaining the diversity of herbaceous plants at the landscape scale.
Study on site selection for a cruise home port in the Yangtze River Delta region from the perspective of safety
Authors: Su Zhaoqian , Xiao Yingjie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTo improve the safety of cruise tourism in the Yangtze River Delta region (YRD), a new cruise ship home port is needed. This paper studies the process for selection of a site for the new cruise home port. Through analysis of previous cases of cruise tourism safety accidents, it is found that the basic situation of the cruise port, such as the channel, the port, logistics support and scenic places to visit, is important to cruise operation safety. An index system of site selection for a cruise home port is established, and the optimal choice of location for a regional cruise home port – between Shanghai, Zhoushan and Nantong – is analysed by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The research shows that the order of preferred site for the cruise home port is Zhoushan, then Shanghai and, third, Nantong. This paper can provide a reference for the layout of the whole industry chain of the cruise economy in the YRD in the future. This will promote the integration of development of the YRD, and enhance the regional connectivity and policy system efficiency in the YRD.