bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coevolution of Lepidoptera and their host plants: The Salient Aroma Hypothesis
Authors: Lin Po-An , Chan Wei-Ping , Cai Liming , Dankowicz Even , Gilbert Kadeem , Pierce Naomi , Felton Gary 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Host plant specialization by moths and butterflies has been a primary research focus in the field of coevolution and ecological specialization. However, factors underlying the evolution of host specificity remain largely unclear despite decades of research. Here, we demonstrate that host plant specialization is closely linked to diurnality in the Lepidoptera: diurnal butterflies and moths tend to specialize in their range of host choices, whereas nocturnal moths tend to be relative generalists. We further show that plants, on average, release larger amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOC) during the day than at night. Given that plant VOCs are important chemical cues for host searching in herbivores, we propose the ‘Salient Aroma Hypothesis (SAH)’. Under SAH, herbivores that are active during the period when plant VOCs are more available are better able to discriminate between potential host species and therefore have more specialized diet breadth. Conversely, those active at night, when VOCs are not released as much, are more likely to have wider diet breadth. Antennae are the primary organs used to perceive VOCs. Differences in their morphologies also support predictions from the SAH: Diurnal females have larger antennae relative to their body sizes than nocturnal females. Our study underscores the importance of plant VOCs in Lepidoptera evolution, suggesting a possible evolutionary pathway for host specialization in herbivorous insects.
Prevalence and Trends of Perioperative Major Adverse Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events During Cancer Surgeries
Authors: Ramamoorthy Venkataraghavan , Chan Kelvin , Appunni Sandeep , Zhang Zhenwei , Ahmed Md Ashfaq , McGranaghan Peter , Saxena Anshul , Rubens Muni 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality during perioperative period. In this study, we looked for national trends in perioperative MACCE and its components as well as cancer types associated with high rates of perioperative MACCE during major cancer surgeries. This study was a retrospective analysis of the National Inpatient Sample, 2005-2014. Hospitalizations for surgeries of prostate, bladder, esophagus, pancreas, lung, liver, colorectal, and breast among patients 40 years and greater were included in the analysis. MACCE was defined as a composite measure that included in-hospital all-cause mortality, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and ischemic stroke. A total of 2,854,810 hospitalizations for major surgeries were included in this study. Of these, 67316 (2.4%) had perioperative MACCE. Trends of perioperative MACCE showed that it decreased significantly for AMI, death and any MACCE, while stroke did not significantly change during the study period. Logistic regression analysis for perioperative MACCE by cancer types showed that surgeries for esophagus, pancreas, lung, liver, and colorectal cancers had significantly greater odds for perioperative MACCE. The surgeries identified to have greater risks for MACCE in this study could be risk stratified for better informed decision-making and management.
Weighting Rules in Optimal 3-Point Quadratures (Derivation of Fundamental Weighting Rule Using Swarm Intelligence)
Authors: Babaei Mehdi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Please see Manuscript PDF for full Abstract:This paper investigates the interconnectivity relationships between the weights of the optimal 3-point quadratures using swarm intelligence. It shows that the previously developed optimal quadratures precisely submit a simple weighting rule so-called fundamental weighting rule (FWR). This research extracts this rule using statistics and intelligent computation. Accessing such a FWR, we can generate countless optimal quadratures, all of which work very precisely. The overall pattern of the 3-point quadratures is as follows:The FWR related to this general 3-point quadrature will be obtained as:Using this FWR, we can effortlessly generate a wide extend of quadratures for arbitrary values of βi. This weighting rule coupled with some additional will be discussed. To be noted, any formulations which deviates the FWR cannot be an optimal one. Against the extreme simplicity with this rule, it robustly tunes any 3-point quadrature for maximum performance. Finally, to have a clear insight on the precision level of the generated formulas, a graphical error discussion is involved in section 5. It shows that the reliable range of βi for generating integration formulas is [0,0.5]; and, the most precise integration formulas corresponds to βi = 0.23. All the analyses are conducted by MATLAB software. Numerical examples show the efficiency of the generated quadratures.
COVID-19 and its prevention in internally displaced person (IDP) camps in Somalia: Impact on livelihood, food security and mental health
Authors: Mumin Farah Isse , Wesonga Fred , Handuleh Jibril I.M , White Ross G. , Mor Siobhan M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Somalia has over 2.6 million internally displaced people (IDP) that depend on daily wages and humanitarian assistance for their livelihoods. This study investigated the impact of COVID-19 on livelihoods, food security and mental health of Somalia’s IDPs.
Methods
A questionnaire was conducted with “breadwinners” (n = 585) residing in one of 15 randomly selected IDP camps. Mental health was assessed using the 5-item World Health Organization Wellbeing Index (WHO-5) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Multivariable regression was used to explore the effect of depressive symptoms on soap use and ability to pay for food/medicine/rent
Results
Knowledge of COVID-19 symptoms, transmission and prevention was relatively high, however only 55% reported using soap for hand-washing. Around one third perceived that prohibition of public gatherings had negatively impacted weekly earnings. Participants reported difficulty buying food (85%), medicine (82%) and paying rent (51%) because of COVID-19. The majority were assessed as having low wellbeing and high depressive symptoms (mean WHO-5 = 44.2/100; mean PHQ-9 = 18.6/27), with most (74%) indicating that they felt worse than before the pandemic. Compared to people with low depressive symptoms, people with high depressive symptoms were less likely to use soap (aOR = 0.3, 95% CI = 0.2, 0.7; P < 0.001) and more likely to report difficulty buying food (aOR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.1, 4.3; P = 0.02).
Conclusions
COVID-19 and associated restrictions have negatively impacted Somalia’s internally displaced population. Livelihood and mental health support is urgently needed in the recovery phase of the pandemic and should be factored into future pandemic planning.
Comparative Investigation of Anti-inflammatory Effect of Platelet-Rich Fibrin After Mandibular Wisdom Tooth Surgery: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Karaca Gamze Tanan , Duygu Gonca , Er Nilay , Ozgun Eray 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
ObjectivesThis study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) applied to the extraction socket after impacted mandibular third molar surgery with subjective and objective parameters.Materials and MethodsA total of 48 patients who had fully impacted wisdom teeth in bilateral and similar positions were included in the study. The control group was formed with the standard extraction of the lower third molars, and the PRF group was formed with local PRF application in addition to standard impacted tooth surgery (n = 96). The anti-inflammatory activity of PRF on postoperative 2nd and 7th days was evaluated subjectively by clinical parameters and objectively by biochemical parameters.ResultsPostoperative 2nd and 7th-day follow-up data of pain, edema, and trismus in the PRF group were found to be statistically significantly lower. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were found to be statistically significantly lower in the PRF group than in the postoperative 2nd day follow-up period (p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) parameters when the PRF group and the control group were compared in both follow-up periods (p > 0.05).ConclusionsPRF has a positive effect in controlling complications associated with mandibular impacted third molar extraction, as confirmed by measurement of serum ESR, CRP, and IL-6 values.Clinical RelevanceThe use of PRF in the extraction socket after impacted third molar surgery can be used as a routine procedure, but this recommendation should be supported by comprehensive studies with high patient numbers.
High severity of abortion complications in fragile and conflict-affected settings: A cross-sectional study in two referral hospitals in Sub-Saharan Africa (AMoCo study)
Authors: Pasquier Estelle , Owolabi Onikepe O. , Fetters Tamara , Ngbale Richard Norbert , Gbanzi Mariette Claudia Adame , Williams Timothy , Chen Huiwu , Fotheringham Claire , Lagrou Daphne , Schulte-Hillen Catrin , Powell Bill , Baudin Elisabeth , Filippi Veronique , Benova Lenka 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Abortion-related complications are one of the five main causes of maternal mortality. However, research about abortion is very limited in fragile and conflict-affected settings. Our study aims to describe the magnitude and severity of abortion-related complications in two referral hospitals located in such settings in northern Nigeria and Central African Republic (CAR).Methods: We used a methodology similar to the World Health Organization (WHO) near-miss approach adapted in the WHO multi-country study on abortion (WHO-MCS-A). We conducted a cross-sectional study using prospective medical record review of women presenting with abortion-related complications between November 2019 and July 2021. We used descriptive analysis and categorized complications into four mutually exclusive categories of increasing severity.Results: We analyzed data from 520 women in Nigeria and 548 women in CAR. Abortion complications represented 4.2% (Nigeria) and 19.9% (CAR) of all pregnancy-related admissions. The severity of abortion complications was high: 103 (19.8%) and 34 (6.2%) women were classified as having severe maternal outcomes (near-miss cases and deaths), 245 (47.1%) and 244 (44.5%) potentially life-threatening, 39 (7.5%) and 93 (17.0%) moderate, and 133 (25.6%) and 177 (32.3%) mild complications, respectively in Nigeria and CAR. Severe bleeding/hemorrhage was the main type of complication in both settings (71.9%in Nigeria, 57.8% in CAR), followed by infection (18.7% in Nigeria, 27.0% in CAR). Among the 146 women (Nigeria) and 231 women (CAR) who did not report severe bleeding or hemorrhage before or during admission, anemia was more frequent in Nigeria (66.7%) compared to CAR (37.6%).Conclusion: Our data suggests greater severity of abortion-related complications compared with the 210 African referral facilities of a recent WHO study in more stable settings. Factors that could contribute to this greater severity in these contexts include greater delays in accessing post-abortion care, decreased access to contraceptive and safe abortion care that result in increased unsafe induced abortions; as well as increased food insecurity leading to iron-deficiencies and chronic anaemia. The results highlight the need for better access to safe abortion care, contraception, and high quality postabortion care to prevent and manage complications of abortions in fragile and conflict-affected settings.
Prediction of the indoor climate in cultural heritage buildings through machine learning - First results from two field tests
Authors: Boesgaard Christian , Hansen Birgit Vinther , Kejser Ulla Bøgvad , Mollerup Søren Højlund , Ryhl-Svendsen Morten , Torp-Smith Noah 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Control of temperature and relative humidity in storage areas and exhibitions is crucial for long-term preservation of cultural heritage objects. This paper explores the possibilities for developing a proactive system, based on a machine-learning model (XGBoost), for predicting the occurrence of unwanted indoor environmental conditions: either a too high or a too low relative humidity, within the forthcoming 24 hours. The features used in the model was hourly indoor and outdoor climate recordings, and it was applied to two indoor heritage environments; a storage and a church building. The test accuracy (f1-score) of the model was good (0.92 for high RH; 0.93 for low RH) when applied to the storage building, but only 0.78; 0.62 (high RH; low RH) for the church building test. Challenges encountered include difficulties in obtaining good historical climate data sets for training and testing the model, and the dependency of external IT systems, which, if they fail, inactivates the model without a warning. Several issues call for more research: A desirable improvement of the model would be predictions for periods longer than 24 hours ahead, still maintaining a high test accuracy. Further perspectives of using machine learning for indoor environmental forecasting could be for indoor air pollution, or energy consumption due to climate control. This requires, however, more data to be collected, in order to get the basis for building valid machine-learning models of sufficient test accuracy.
Improvement of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in Patients Who Underwent Transsphenoidal Resection for Pituitary Adenoma
Authors: Cortés-Contreras A.P. , Salazar-Pigeon A. , González-Almazán J.A. , Navarro-Olvera J.L. , Carrillo-Ruiz J.D. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose. The aim of this paper is to evaluate changes in the metabolic status of patients with PA before and after the surgical treatment, and to look for differences in the metabolic outcomes among patients according to the adenoma type and the success rate of the surgery.Methods. We assessed patients with PA who went through TSS for its treatment, documenting metabolic parameters (height, weight, fasting glucose, blood pressure, triglycerides, and HDL-cholesterol) before and after surgery, analyzed whole sample changes, and then stratified them according to adenoma type (non-producing, somatotroph, lactotroph, and corticotroph), and surgery success (total resection, near total resection, partial resection, subtotal resection).Results. A total of 214 patients were enrolled for this study. The prevalence of MetSx with AACE criteria went from 51.52% before surgery to 28.99% after surgery (p <0.001). Hyperglycemia was the most benefited component, which went from 56% pre-surgery to 40.51% post-surgery (p= 0.03). Total resection group had the best improvement, with significant decrease of prevalence in MetSx from 83% to 16% (p< 0.001), and every component, excepting Hα: obesity went from 96% to 67% (p< 0.001), HT 59 to 24% (p< 0.001), HGlu 74 to 23 % (p<0.001), and HTri from 81 to 54% (p< 0.001). According to MetSx prevalence, there was no difference of the improvement PA type, as this improvement showed to be significant in all of them.Conclusion. MetSx improves in patients with PA after surgical treatment. Trial registration number. DI/20/403/03/87
Temporal Link Prediction via Adjusted Sigmoid Function and 2-Simplex Sructure
Authors: Zhang Ruizhi , Wang Qiaozi , Yang Qiming , Wei Wei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Temporal network link prediction is an important task in the field of network science, and has a wide range of applications in practical scenarios. Revealing the evolutionary mechanism of the network is essential for link prediction, and how to effectively utilize the historical information for temporal links and efficiently extract the high-order patterns of network structure remains a vital challenge. To address these issues, in this paper, we propose a novel temporal link prediction model with adjusted sigmoid function and 2-simplex structure (TLPSS). The adjusted sigmoid decay mode takes the active, decay and stable states of edges into account, which properly fits the life cycle of information. Moreover, the latent matrix sequence is introduced, which is composed of simplex high-order structure, to enhance the performance of link prediction method since it is highly feasible in sparse network. Combining the life cycle of information and simplex high-order structure, the overall performance of TLPSS is achieved by satisfying the consistency of temporal and structural information in dynamic networks. Experimental results on six real-world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of TLPSS, and our proposed model improves the performance of link prediction by an average of 15% compared to other baseline methods.
A New Human-Based Metahurestic Optimization Method Based on Mimicking Cooking Training
Authors: Trojovská Eva , Dehghani Mohammad 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Metaheuristic algorithms have a wide range of applications in handling optimization problems. In this study, a new metaheuristic algorithm, called the Chef-Based Optimization Algorithm (CBOA), is developed. The fundamental inspiration employed in CBOA design is the process of learning cooking skills in training courses. The stages of the cooking training process in various phases are mathematically modeled with the aim of increasing the ability of global search in exploration and the ability of local search in exploitation. To assess the CBOA’s performance in addressing optimization issues, a collection of twenty-three standard objective functions is utilized. The optimization results show that the CBOA is capable of providing acceptable solutions by creating a balance between exploration and exploitation and is highly efficient in the treatment of optimization problems. Ten well-known metaheuristic algorithms have been selected for comparison with the CBOA. The simulation results show that CBOA performs much better than competing algorithms and is more effective in solving optimization problems.
Studied on nutrition indices, proximate composition and nutritional quality of carp fish Cyprinus carpio fed with Beta vulgaris : do fish fed have to be optimally to add value to the human diet?
Authors: Amiri Nahid , Aberoumand Ali , nejad Saeed Ziaee 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: The optimizing nutritional conditions are effective in the quantitative and qualitative position of carp production. The use of plant material in the fish diet to reduce production costs and increase growth rate. The aim of present research was to investigate the effect of different levels of powder Beta vulgaris was preformatted on some indices of nutrition and the fillet analysis of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Methods: The 360 fish with a weight average of 20 g and a standard length of 9 cm were selected and randomly divided into 12 tanks. The experiment consisted of 4 treatments and 3 triplicates. The fishes were fed to diet containing 0.5%, 1% and 2% of Beta vulgaris powder for 6 weeks. The nutrition indices and chemical composition of the fish fillet were studied. Results: The adding Beta vulgaris leaves powder to the fish diet had a positive effect on the nutrition indices. Feed conversion ratio was increased by adding Beta vulgaris to diet, and there was a significant difference between dietary conversion efficiency and protein/fat ratio and protein content in compared to the control. Conclusions: The adding 1% of Beta vulgaris powder to fish diet caused a decrease in the fat content which significantly difference found with other treatments. The presence of Beta vulgaris leaves in the diet increased the protein and ash contents in the fish fillet. By adding 2% Beta vulgaris powder to fish diet in 56 days, it resulted in fillets with high nutritional value and high amount of fat and protein, which are suitable for human nutrition.
Global, regional, and national burden of chronic respiratory diseases and associated risk factors, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Authors: Chen Xiang , Zhou Cheng-Wei , Fu Yang-Yang , Li Yao-Zhe , Chen Lei , Zhang Qing-Wei , Chen Yan-Fan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The burden of chronic respiratory diseases has changed over three decades.To describe the spatiotemporal trends of prevalence, mortality and disability adjusted life years (DALY) due to chronic respiratory diseases(CRDs), across the globe during 1990–2019 using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019(GBD 2019).
Methods
The prevalence, mortality and DALY attributable to CRDs, and risk factors from 1990 to 2019 were estimated. We also assessed the driving factors and potentiality for improvement by decomposition analyses and frontier analyses.
Results
In 2019, 454.56 (95% uncertainty interval(UI): 417.35-499.14) million individuals worldwide had a CRD, showing a 39·8% increase compared with 1990. Deaths due to CRDs numbered 3.97(95% UI: 3.58–4.30) million, and DALY in 2019 was 103.53 (95% UI:94.79-112.27) million. Declines by average annual percent change(AAPC) were observed in age-standardized prevalence rates(ASPR) (0.64% decrease), age-standardized mortality rates(ASMR) (1.92%), and age-standardized DALY rates(ASDR) (1.72%) globally and in 5 socio-demographic index (SDI) regions. Decomposition analyses represented that the increase in overall CRDs DALY was driven by aging and population growth. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was the leading drivers globally. Frontier analyses witnessed significant improvement opportunities at all levels of the development spectrum. Smoking remained a leading risk factor(RF) for the mortality and DALY, although, it showed a downward trend. Air pollution, a growing factor especially in relatively low SDI regions, deserves our attention.
Conclusion
Our study clarified that CRDs remain a leading cause of prevalence, mortality and DALY worldwide, with growth in absolute numbers but declines in several age-standardized estimators since 1990. The estimated contribution of risk factors to mortality and DALY supports the need for urgent measures to improve them.