bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of sodium hypochlorite in atopic dermatitis therapy: a narrative review
Authors: Krynicka Katarzyna , Trzeciak Magdalena 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a common skin disorder, especially in the pediatric population. Genetic and immunological factors, epidermal barrier defect, as well as skin microbiota imbalance with increased colonization by Staphylococcus aureus (SA) are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. One of the AD topical treatments is sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) as a 0.005% water bath solution. This substance has been used for years as an antiseptic preparation. Studies show that NaOCl has an antimicrobial effect but probably at higher concentrations than those used in AD treatment. Nevertheless, many research studies confirm the anti‐inflammatory and anti‐itching effects of NaOCl, which contributes to clinical improvement in AD patients as well as reducing the need for local steroids and antibiotics. Bleach baths seem to be a well tolerated, cheap, and easily available therapy. However, research still should be continued to evaluate its antibacterial efficacy, anti‐inflammatory effects, and safety.
Efficiency of novel shielding curtains combined with pulsed irradiation for reducing radiation exposure in an operating room: Human renal collecting system phantom study
Authors: Kaku Yasuhiro , Inoue Takaaki , Charlie Yu , Imai Satoshi , Yamamichi Fukashi , Fujisawa Masato 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of novel shielding curtains combined with pulsed irradiation mode to protect medical radiation workers from radiation exposure during ureteroscopy.Methods0.25 mm Pb equivalent novel shielding curtains were mounted to the caudal and bilateral sides of the operating table in the ureteroscopy setting. C‐arm was positioned as per normal in the operating room with the X‐ray tube under the patient table. A water‐filled anthropomorphic renal collecting system phantom was positioned in the standard position on the operating table that was set at a height of 100 cm. The ionization chambers were also positioned at a height of 100 cm and set in eight positions. We took measurements at distances of 50, 100, 150, and 200 cm from the phantom with the focus directed toward the X‐ray tube. We measured the spatial distribution of the scattered radiation dose in four combinations: (1) continuous irradiation mode without novel shielding curtains; (2) pulsed irradiation mode (11 films per second) without novel shielding curtains; (3) continuous irradiation mode with novel shielding curtains; and (4) pulsed irradiation mode with novel shielding curtains. Continuous or pulsed irradiation was activated for 30 s each time.ResultsPulsed irradiation mode with novel shielding curtains was a significantly more efficient method than other combinations to reduce scattered radiation exposure in this study (P < 0.001). There was approximately a 95% reduction in scattered radiation exposure with the pulsed irradiation mode with novel shielding curtains set up as compared with continuous irradiation mode without novel shielding curtains.ConclusionCombining a novel shielding curtain and using a low pulse radiation setting can greatly reduce radiation exposure during ureteroscopic procedures.
Rethinking elicitation methods in examining the effects of domain and context on individual preferences under risk and ambiguity
Authors: Begho Toritseju 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper examines preferences across domains and contexts under conditions of risk and ambiguity and estimates the effect of attributes of the prospects on individual preferences. The main contribution of this paper is that it examines preferences using prospects with continuous distributions—a deviation from the widely used gambles with discrete probabilities. The argument put forward in this paper is that this design is at least as realistic of many real‐life situations and easier to comprehend. Data were obtained from field experiments where the tasks presented to subjects were framed as gain, loss and mixed and were not exclusively monetary. The findings show that risk preferences are context dependent, implying that the argument of risk‐taking being a stable personality trait is untenable. Risk (resp., ambiguity) preferences differ within and between domains. Subjects are risk‐avoiding and ambiguity avoiding in the gain domain and the reverse in the loss domain. An increase in the difference between the means of the smaller and larger variance prospects increases the preference for the larger variance prospect under risk but not under ambiguity. Stake orientation with regard to which ends of the prospects are bound at zero was crucial in subjects’ decisions—an important finding not observed in discrete gamble experiments.
Effect of spontaneous polarization of tourmaline on the grain growth behavior of 3YSZ powder
Authors: Zhou You , Zhu Dongbin , Zhang Xiaoxu , Liang Jinsheng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper introduces a new method for adjusting the particle size of ZrO2 powder through the electric field effect of tourmaline. The 3 mol% yttria‐stabilized ZrO2 (3YSZ) powder was prepared by using ZrOCl2∙8H2O, YCl3∙6H2O, NaOH, and nano‐tourmaline powder as raw materials through direct precipitation. The powder was characterized with thermogravimetric‐differential scanning calorimeter, X‐ray diffraction, Brunauere‐Emmette‐Teller, Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscope, and transmission electron microscope, and the mechanism of tourmaline in the process of powder preparation was also discussed. Findings demonstrate that the electric field generated by spontaneous polarization of tourmaline can control the size of ZrO2 crystal grains, improve the dispersibility of the powder, and promote the stability of ZrO2 in the tetragonal phase. When the electric intensity of tourmaline is 9.02 × 106 V/m, and the addition amount is 2.5 vol%, tourmaline/3YSZ powders are mainly tetragonal phase, and the grain size is the smallest, with an average crystallite size of 19 nm. Then the mechanical properties of tourmaline/3YSZ ceramics were tested. Compared with 3YSZ ceramics without tourmaline, the flexural strength and fracture toughness were improved by 39.5% and 35.8%.
Emotional and cognitive effects of learning with computer simulations and computer videogames
Authors: Magana Alejandra J. , Hwang Jisoo , Feng Shi , Rebello Sanjay , Zu Tianlong , Kao Dominic 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrevious work has identified that the benefits of learning with videogames and learning from simulations. However, recent meta‐analytic work has also identified that little research directly compares learning with videogames and learning with simulations.ObjectivesThis study examines two learning technologies and their corresponding pedagogical approaches and compares them for learning the Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics topic of electric charges.MethodsParticipants were randomly assigned to either an intervention using a computer simulation for inquiry‐based learning or a computer videogame for game‐based learning. Their learning gains, self‐reported emotional state and experienced cognitive load were recorded.ResultsWe found that both learning environments improved conceptual learning, and there were no statistically significant differences between the two conditions. Participants did perceive the game‐based environment to be more engaging as well as more frustrating. We also found that cognitive load did not predict learning—however, different types of cognitive load correlated with different emotions. Overall, participants in both conditions were engaged and perceived understanding of the topic, yet they also experienced both confusion and task‐unrelated thoughts.TakeawaysWhen learning with simulations and videogames, educators need to align intended learning outcomes with pedagogical approaches enabled by technology. In addition, a balance between principles of multimedia learning to reduce or prevent extraneous processing, and scaffolding to reduce negative effects of learning with technology, need to be considered.
Modulation of lncRNA H19 enhances resveratrol‐inhibited cancer cell proliferation and migration by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Li Tianye , Zhang Xinyue , Cheng Linglin , Li Chunting , Wu Zihan , Luo Yingqi , Zhou Kunpeng , Li Yanlin , Zhao Qi , Huang Yongye 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe phytoalexin resveratrol exhibits anti‐tumour activity in many types of cancer. In this study, we showed that resveratrol suppressed the survival of gastric tumour cells both in vivo and in vitro. Resveratrol promoted apoptosis, autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in a dose‐dependent manner. RNA‐seq analysis showed that multiple cell death signalling pathways were activated after resveratrol treatment, while the use of ER stress activators (tunicamycin and thapsigargin) in combinatorial with resveratrol led to further inhibition of cancer cell survival. Results also showed that resveratrol altered the expression of several long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs), including MEG3, PTTG3P, GAS5, BISPR, MALAT1 and H19. Knockdown of H19 in resveratrol‐treated cells further enhanced the effects of resveratrol on apoptosis, ER stress and cell cycle S‐phase arrest. Furthermore, the migratory ability of resveratrol‐treated cells was dramatically decreased after H19 knockdown. In conclusion, resveratrol inhibited cancer cell survival, while knockdown of lncRNA H19 resulted in increased sensitivity to resveratrol therapy.
Fatty liver with metabolic disorder, such as metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease, indicates high risk for developing diabetes mellitus
Authors: Miyake Teruki , Matsuura Bunzo , Furukawa Shinya , Ishihara Toru , Yoshida Osamu , Miyazaki Masumi , Watanebe Kyoko , Shiomi Akihito , Nakaguchi Hironobu , Yamamoto Yasunori , Koizumi Yohei , Tokumoto Yoshio , Hirooka Masashi , Takeshita Eiji , Kumagi Teru , Abe Masanori , Ikeda Yoshio , Iwata Takeru , Hiasa Yoichi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is diagnosed after excluding other liver diseases. The pathogenesis of NAFLD when complicated by other liver diseases has not been established completely. Metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) involves more metabolic factors than NAFLD, regardless of complications with other diseases. This study aimed to clarify the effects of fatty liver occurring with metabolic disorders, such as MAFLD without diabetes mellitus (DM), on the development of DM.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively assessed 9,459 participants who underwent two or more annual health check‐ups. The participants were divided into the MAFLD group (fatty liver disease with overweight/obesity or non‐overweight/obesity complicated by metabolic disorders), simple fatty liver group (fatty liver disease other than MAFLD group), metabolic disorder group (metabolic disorder without fatty liver disease), and normal group (all other participants).ResultsThe DM onset rates in the normal, simple fatty liver, metabolic disorder, and MAFLD groups were 0.51, 1.85, 2.52, and 7.36%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, the MAFLD group showed a significantly higher risk of DM onset compared with other three groups (P < 0.01). Additionally, the risk of DM onset was significantly increased in fatty liver disease with overweight/obesity or pre‐diabetes (P < 0.01).ConclusionsFatty liver with metabolic disorders, such as MAFLD, can be used to identify patients with fatty liver disease who are at high risk of developing DM. Additionally, patients with fatty liver disease complicated with overweight/obesity or prediabetes are at an increased risk of DM onset and should receive more attention.
Strengths and limitations of in situ U–Pb titanite petrochronology in polymetamorphic rocks: An example from western Maine, USA
Authors: Walters Jesse B. , Cruz‐Uribe Alicia M. , Song Won Joon , Gerbi Christopher , Biela Kimberly 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTitanite is a potentially powerful U–Pb petrochronometer that may record metamorphism, metasomatism, and deformation. Titanite may also incorporate significant inherited Pb, which may lead to inaccurate and geologically ambiguous U–Pb dates if a proper correction is not or cannot be applied. Here, we present laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS)‐derived titanite U–Pb dates and trace element concentrations for two banded calcsilicate gneisses from south‐central Maine, USA (SSP18‐1A and SSP18‐1B). Single spot common Pb‐corrected dates range from 400 to 280 Ma with ±12–20 Ma propagated 2SE. Titanite grains in sample SSP18‐1B exhibit regular core‐to‐rim variations in texture, composition, and date. We identify four titanite populations: (1) 397 ± 5 Ma (95% CL) low Y + HREE cores and mottled grains, (2) 370 ± 7 Ma high Y + REE mantles and cores, (3) 342 ± 6 Ma cores with high Y + REE and no Eu anomaly, and (4) 295 ± 6 Ma LREE‐depleted rims. We interpret the increase in titanite Y + HREE between ca. 397 and ca. 370 Ma to constrain the timing of diopside fracturing and recrystallization and amphibole breakdown. Apparent Zr‐in‐titanite temperatures (803 ± 36°C at 0.5 ± 0.2 GPa) and increased XDi suggest a thermal maximum at ca. 370 Ma. Population 3 domains dated to ca. 342 Ma exhibit no Eu anomaly and are observed only in compositional bands dominated by diopside (>80 vol%), suggesting limited equilibrium between titanite and plagioclase. Finally, low LREE and high U/Th in Population 4 titanite dates the formation of hydrous phases, such as allanite, during high XH2O fluid infiltration at ca. 295 Ma. In contrast to the well‐defined date–composition–texture relationships observed for titanite from SSP18‐1B, titanite grains from sample SSP18‐1A exhibit complex zoning patterns and little correlation between texture, composition, and date. We hypothesize that the incorporation of variable amounts of radiogenic Pb from dissolved titanite into recrystallized domains resulted in mixed dates spanning 380–330 Ma. Although titanite may reliably record multiple phases of metamorphism, these data highlight the importance of considering U–Pb data along with chemical and textural data to screen for inherited radiogenic Pb.
Exhumation of deep continental crust in a transpressive regime: The example of Variscan eclogites from the Aiguilles‐Rouges massif (Western Alps)
Authors: Vanardois Jonas , Roger Françoise , Trap Pierre , Goncalves Philippe , Lanari Pierre , Paquette Jean‐Louis , Marquer Didier , Cagnard Florence , Le Bayon Benjamin , Melleton Jérémie , Barou Fabrice 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMafic eclogites are found in many orogens as lenses embedded in quartzofeldspathic migmatites. These high‐pressure relics are interpreted either as remnants of ancient sutures and thus formed during oceanic subduction or as fragments of lower crust exhumed from the root of orogenic thickened crust. It is critical to distinguish between these two endmember scenarios as the resulting palaeogeographic and geodynamic reconstructions may significantly differ. In this contribution, we investigated eclogite relics from Lac Cornu in the Aiguilles‐Rouges massif, one of the External Crystalline Massifs of the Western Alps. Phase equilibrium modelling suggests that these mafic rocks were buried along a prograde path (M1) from ~600°C/1.2 to 1.6 GPa to peak conditions of ~630–775°C and >1.6 GPa. Zircon rims, with a rare earth element signature typical of eclogite facies zircon (no Eu anomalies, flat HREE spectrum), and rutile were dated by U–Th–Pb laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA‐ICPMS) at c. 335–330 Ma. Prograde deformation has not been identified in the field and is only recognized thanks to the crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO) of inclusions of omphacite and rutile in garnet. Peak pressure conditions were followed by a decompression stage (M2) from ~760°C/1.4 GPa to ~600–650°C/0.9 GPa supported by the breakdown of omphacite into plagioclase–clinopyroxene symplectite and the crystallization of plagioclase–amphibole corona around garnet. The M2 retrogression stage is associated with the development of a main sub‐horizontal planar fabric and the CPO of minerals composing symplectite. This deformation stage is interpreted as the result of horizontal lower crustal flow. The final stage of exhumation (M3) is characterized by the replacement of symplectite and garnet by plagioclase and large euhedral amphibole and by the breakdown of rutile and ilmenite into titanite dated at c. 300 Ma. The CPO of titanite and amphibole are consistent with the development of vertical dextral shear zone in a transpressive regime. The combination of field observations and petrological, microtextural and geochemical analyses suggests that the mafic eclogites preserved in migmatitic rocks of the Aiguilles‐Rouges massif are remnants of a continental lower crust exhumed and juxtaposed with lower‐grade migmatites in crustal‐scale vertical transpressive shear zones.
Genetic diversity of Chinese laboratory macaques based on 2b‐RAD simplified genome sequencing
Authors: Min Fangui , Xu Fengjiao , Huang Shuwu , Wu Ruike , Zhang Lan , Wang Jing 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundCurrently, Chinese laboratory macaques are widely used in biomedical research. Correspondingly, clarity regarding the genetic diversity of Chinese laboratory macaques is important for both vendors and users.MethodsGenome sequences of 55 laboratory macaques (40 cynomolgus macaques and 15 rhesus macaques) bred in South China were analyzed using 2b‐RAD simplified genome sequencing.ResultsA total of 115,681 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were found that were distributed in 21 chromosomes and an unplaced scaffold. Genetic diversity indices varied across populations and exhibited low values. The results of principal coordinate analysis (PCA) were consistent with those of the arithmetic mean (UPGMA) clustered tree and supported the structure analysis, demonstrating that the genetic differentiation in rhesus macaques was higher than that in cynomolgus macaques. Introgressive hybridization with the Chinese rhesus macaque was supported in more than 80% (32/40) of cynomolgus macaques.ConclusionsChinese laboratory macaques had relatively low genetic diversity at the genomic level, and genetic differentiation in Chinese rhesus macaques was higher than in cynomolgus macaques. The genome of cynomolgus macaques has been shaped by introgression after hybridization with the Chinese rhesus macaques.
Milk Donation Following a Perinatal Loss: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Fernández‐Medina Isabel María , Jiménez‐Lasserrotte María del Mar , Ruíz‐Fernández María Dolores , Granero‐Molina José , Fernández‐Sola Cayetano , Hernández‐Padilla José Manuel 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionPerinatal loss is a traumatic event for women with negative consequences for their well‐being and mental health. After perinatal loss, some women choose to not suppress lactation and to donate their breast milk. Donating milk can be a grief ritual to cope with the loss. The aim of this study was to explore women's experiences of donating their breast milk following a perinatal loss.MethodsA hermeneutic phenomenology was carried out. Thirteen semistructured interviews were conducted. Data was recorded, transcribed, and categorized into themes and subthemes.ResultsTwo main themes emerged from the data: (1) lactation after loss: a forgotten aspect of the care, with the subthemes “the silence surrounding grieving lactation” and “experiencing lactation amidst a sea of tears”; and (2) milk donation: a resource to alleviate pain and offer hope, with the subthemes “expressing and donating breast milk: a healing ritual” and “breaking the taboo of the grieving lactation.”DiscussionInformation about lactation options is not typically included in participants’ care plan. Women's experiences highlight the need for the support of health care professionals. Donating milk helps some women to cope with the loss and accept and integrate it into their daily lives. Milk donation is also an opportunity to educate society about options following a perinatal loss.
Occupational fatigue, individualized nursing care, and quality of nursing care among hospital nurses
Authors: Cho Hyeonmi , Sagherian Knar , Scott Linda D. , Steege Linsey M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to evaluate the relationships among nurse fatigue, individualized nursing care, and nurse‐reported quality of care.DesignThe study used a cross‐sectional design. Data from 858 registered nurses providing bedside care in hospitals were collected between March and April 2021 in the United States.MethodsParticipants completed a self‐administered online survey, including the Occupational Fatigue Exhaustion Recovery scale, the Individualized Care Scale‐Nurse version, and a single item assessing nursing care quality. Relationships among the study variables were examined using multiple linear and logistic regression models.FindingsNurses' higher levels of acute fatigue were significantly associated with decreased perceptions of individualized nursing activities provided to patients on their last shifts, specifically related to personal life condition and decision‐making control. Nurses' higher levels of chronic fatigue were significantly associated with decreased perception of individualized nursing activities provided to patients on their last shifts related to clinical condition, personal life condition, and decision‐making control. Nurses with higher levels of acute or chronic fatigue, and who perceived their nursing care activities as less individualized were less likely to assess their quality of care as excellent.ConclusionThese findings suggest that addressing hospital nurses' acute and chronic fatigue may contribute to promoting the delivery of individualized nursing care and in improving patients' quality of care.Clinical RelevanceHealthcare institutions are encouraged to regularly monitor and manage nurse fatigue to improve the delivery of individualized and quality nursing care to their patients.
Salience network anatomical and molecular markers are linked with cognitive dysfunction in mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Chand Ganesh B. , Thakuri Deepa S. , Soni Bhavin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and PurposeRecent studies indicate disrupted functional mechanisms of salience network (SN) regions—right anterior insula, left anterior insula, and anterior cingulate cortex—in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, the underlying anatomical and molecular mechanisms in these regions are not clearly understood yet. It is also unknown whether integration of multimodal—anatomical and molecular—markers could predict cognitive impairment better in MCI.MethodsHerein we quantified anatomical volumetric markers via structural MRI and molecular amyloid markers via PET with Pittsburgh compound B in SN regions of MCI (n = 33) and healthy controls (n = 27). From these markers, we built support vector machine learning models aiming to estimate cognitive dysfunction in MCI.ResultsWe found that anatomical markers are significantly reduced and molecular markers are significantly elevated in SN nodes of MCI compared to healthy controls (p < .05). These altered markers in MCI patients were associated with their worse cognitive performance (p < .05). Our machine learning‐based modeling further suggested that the integration of multimodal markers predicts cognitive impairment in MCI superiorly compared to using single modality‐specific markers.ConclusionsThese findings shed light on the underlying anatomical volumetric and molecular amyloid alterations in SN regions and show the significance of multimodal markers integration approach in better predicting cognitive impairment in MCI.