bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms for self‐templating design of micro/nanostructures toward efficient energy storage
Authors: Hui Zengyu , An Jianing , Zhou Jinyuan , Huang Wei , Sun Gengzhi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe ever‐growing demand in modern power systems calls for the innovation in electrochemical energy storage devices so as to achieve both supercapacitor‐like high power density and battery‐like high energy density. Rational design of the micro/nanostructures of energy storage materials offers a pathway to finely tailor their electrochemical properties thereby enabling significant improvements in device performances and enormous strategies have been developed for synthesizing hierarchically structured active materials. Among all strategies, the direct conversion of precursor templates into target micro/nanostructures through physical and/or chemical processes is facile, controllable, and scalable. Yet the mechanistic understanding of the self‐templating method is lacking and the synthetic versatility for constructing complex architectures is inadequately demonstrated. This review starts with the introduction of five main self‐templating synthetic mechanisms and the corresponding constructed hierarchical micro/nanostructures. Subsequently, the structural merits provided by the well‐defined architectures for energy storage are elaborately discussed. At last, a summary of current challenges and future development of the self‐templating method for synthesizing high‐performance electrode materials is also presented.
Typical, atypical and cryptic t(15;17)(q24;q21) (PML::RARA) observed in acute promyelocytic leukemia: A retrospective review of 831 patients with concurrent chromosome and PML::RARA dual‐color dual‐fusion FISH studies
Authors: Gagnon Marie‐France , Berg Holly E. , Meyer Reid G. , Sukov William R. , Van Dyke Daniel L. , Jenkins Robert B. , Greipp Patricia T. , Thorland Erik C. , Hoppman Nicole L. , Xu Xinjie , Baughn Linda B. , Reichard Kaaren K. , Ketterling Rhett P. , Peterson Jess F. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) relies on the identification of PML::RARA fusion. While the majority of APL cases harbor a typical t(15;17)(q24;q21), atypical genetic mechanisms leading to the oncogenic PML::RARA fusion have been reported yet their frequency and scope remain poorly characterized. We assessed the genetic findings of 831 cases with APL investigated with concurrent chromosome banding analysis and dual‐color dual‐fusion fluorescence in situ hybridization (D‐FISH) analysis at our institution over an 18.5‐year timeframe. Seven hundred twenty‐three (87%) cases had a typical balanced t(15;17) with both testing modalities. Atypical karyotypic results including complex translocations, unbalanced rearrangements and insertional events occurred in 50 (6%) cases, while 6 (0.7%) cases were cryptic by conventional chromosome studies despite PML::RARA fusion by D‐FISH evaluation. Atypical FISH patterns were observed in 48 (6%) cases despite apparently balanced t(15;17) on chromosome banding analysis. Two hundred fifty (30%) cases displayed additional chromosome abnormalities of which trisomy/tetrasomy 8 (37%), del(7q)/add(7q) (12%), and del(9q) (7%) were most frequent. Complex and very complex karyotypes were observed in 81 (10%) and 34 (4%) cases, respectively. In addition, 4 (0.5%) cases presented as an apparently doubled, near‐tetraploid stemline clone. This report provides the largest appraisal of cytogenetic findings in APL with conventional chromosome and PML::RARA D‐FISH analysis. By characterizing the frequency and breadth of typical and atypical results through the lens of these cytogenetic testing modalities, this study serves as a pragmatic source of information for those involved in the investigation of APL in both the clinical and research laboratory settings.
Impact of increased outer wall rotation on convection in a vertical annulus with a stationary heated inner cylinder
Authors: Sidharth K. Pillai , Rajkumar Mattacaud R. , Chithrakumar V. K. , Asirvatham Godson L. , Benim Ali Cemal , Wogwises Somchai 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe interplay of centrifugal and buoyant forces on convective heat transfer in a vertical annulus formed by rotating adiabatic outer cylinder and stationary heated inner cylinder has been experimentally and numerically investigated. Experiments were performed for rotational speeds corresponding to the rotation parameter ζ in the range of 527 ≤ ζ ≤ 2860, maintaining the heat flux of the heated stationary inner cylinder as 80 W/m2, for radius ratio (η) and aspect ratio of the vertical annulus being 0.614 and 0.052, respectively. The problem was investigated numerically using the commercial computational fluid dynamics package, ANSYS CFX. The numerical methodology has been validated by comparing the numerically predicted average surface Nusselt number with experimentally obtained values. The comparison revealed an enhancement of the thermal performance of the heated stationary inner cylinder in the range 527 ≤ ζ ≤ 1190 due to the increase in turbulence intensity towards the heated inner cylinder. However, when the rotation parameter was increased further in the range 1190 ≤ ζ ≤ 2860, the thermal performance of the stationary heated inner cylinder showed only marginal improvement. The aforementioned thermal behavior of the inner heated stationary cylinder has been explored based on the flow statistics gathered from the numerical simulations.
Overexpression of Wild-Type ACVR1 in Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva Mice Rescues Perinatal Lethality and Inhibits Heterotopic Ossification
Authors: Yamamoto Masakazu , Stoessel Sean J , Yamamoto Shoko , Goldhamer David J 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a devastating disease of progressive heterotopic bone formation for which effective treatments are currently unavailable. FOP is caused by dominant gain-of-function mutations in the receptor ACVR1 (also known as ALK2), which render the receptor inappropriately responsive to activin ligands. In previous studies, we developed a genetic mouse model of FOP that recapitulates most clinical aspects of the disease. In this model, genetic loss of the wild-type Acvr1 allele profoundly exacerbated heterotopic ossification, suggesting the hypothesis that the stoichiometry of wild-type and mutant receptors dictates disease severity. Here, we tested this model by producing FOP mice that conditionally overexpress human wild-type ACVR1. Injury-induced heterotopic ossification (HO) was completely blocked in FOP mice when expression of both the mutant and wild-type receptor were targeted to Tie2-positive cells, which includes fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs). Perinatal lethality of Acvr1R206H/+ mice was rescued by constitutive ACVR1 overexpression, and these mice survived to adulthood at predicted Mendelian frequencies. Constitutive overexpression of ACVR1 also provided protection from spontaneous abnormal skeletogenesis, and the incidence and severity of injury-induced HO in these mice was dramatically reduced. Analysis of pSMAD1/5/8 signaling both in cultured cells and in vivo indicates that ACVR1 overexpression functions cell-autonomously by reducing osteogenic signaling in response to activin A. We propose that ACVR1 overexpression inhibits HO by decreasing the abundance of ACVR1(R206H)-containing signaling complexes at the cell surface while increasing the representation of activin-A-bound non-signaling complexes comprised of wild-type ACVR1. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Evaluating the conformational space of the active site of D2 dopamine receptor. Scope and limitations of the standard docking methods
Authors: Tosso Rodrigo D. , Zarycz M. Natalia C. , Schiel Ayelén , Goicoechea Moro Luisa , Baldoni Héctor A. , Angelina Emilio , Enriz Ricardo D. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe report here for the first time the potential energy surfaces (PES) of phenyletilamine (PEA) and meta‐tyramine (m‐OH‐PEA) at the D2 dopamine receptor (D2DR) binding site. PESs not only allow us to observe all the critical points of the surface (minimums, maximums, and transition states), but also to note the ease or difficulty that each local minima have for their conformational inter‐conversions and therefore know the conformational flexibility that these ligands have in their active sites. Taking advantage of possessing this valuable information, we analyze how accurate a standard docking study is in these cases. Our results indicate that although we have to be careful in how to carry out this type of study and to consider performing some extra‐simulations, docking calculations can be satisfactory. In order to analyze in detail the different molecular interactions that are stabilizing the different ligand‐receptor (L‐R) complexes, we carried out quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) computations and NMR shielding calculations. Although some of these techniques are a bit tedious and require more computational time, our results demonstrate the importance of performing computational simulations using different types of combined techniques (docking/MD/hybrid QM‐MM/QTAIM and NMR shielding calculations) in order to obtain more accurate results. Our results allow us to understand in details the molecular interactions stabilizing and destabilizing the different L‐R complexes reported here. Thus, the different activities observed for dopamine (DA), m‐OH‐PEA, and PEA can be clearly explained at molecular level.
Exploring social‐emotional learning, school climate, and social network analysis
Authors: Xu Maria , MacDonnell Marisa , Wang Angela , Elias Maurice J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThere is currently limited research on student peer leadership in the social‐emotional literature. This paper used exploratory methods of social network analysis to understand the structure of school peer relationships, peer leadership, and school climate. Self‐report measures of perceptions of peer leadership and climate were given to students during the 2016–2017 school year. Data collected from a peer leadership survey were used to calculate closeness and indegree centrality values. The results showed that student Ambassadors have higher peer nominated leadership scores compared to non‐Ambassador controls and the rest of the school. Additionally, Ambassadors did not demonstrate a change in centrality scores, non‐Ambassador students increased in centrality scores, and school climate was not correlated with the leadership centrality score. Results suggest that influence spreads, and that good leadership may be emulated among students, leading to a diffusion effect. This supports the need for good leaders in schools. Additionally, climate may not be associated with leadership centrality scores due to the length of the intervention. Future studies should look toward behavioral data to unravel what comprises positive and negative influences in Social‐Emotional and Character Development interventions.
A high-calorie diet aggravates LPS-induced pneumonia by disturbing the gut microbiota and Th17/Treg balance
Authors: Liu Hui , Bai Chen , Xian Fuyang , Liu Shaoyang , Long Chaojun , Hu Li , Liu Tiegang , Gu Xiaohong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe intestinal flora plays an important role in the inflammatory response to the systemic or local infections in the host. A high-calorie diet has been shown to aggravate pneumonia and delay recovery, especially in children. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Our previous studies demonstrated that a high-calorie diet and LPS atomization synergistically promoted lung inflammation injury in juvenile rats. In this study, specific pathogen-free juvenile rats were placed in a routine environment, and subjected to a high-calorie diet or LPS atomization in isolation as well as combination. Our data revealed that LPS nebulization combined with a high-calorie diet resulted in significant changes in rats, such as slow weight gain, increased lung index, and aggravated lung inflammatory damage. Meanwhile, we found that the aggravation of LPS-induced pneumonia by a high-calorie diet disturbs the balance of Th17/Treg cells. Furthermore, high-throughput sequencing of intestinal contents revealed that a high-calorie diet changed the gut microbiome composition, decreased microbial diversity, and particularly reduced the abundance of the intestinal microbiota associated with the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in rats. Consequently, the levels of SCFAs, especially acetate, propionate, and butyrate, were significantly decreased following the intervention of a high-calorie diet. More critically, the effects of a high-calorie diet were shown to be transmissible among pneumonia rats through cohousing microbiota transplantation. Taken together, we provide evidence to support that a high-calorie diet can potentially reset the gut microbiome and metabolites, disrupt Th17/Treg cell balance and immune homeostasis, and aggravate LPS-induced lung inflammatory damage, which may provide a new perspective on the pathogenesis of lung inflammation injury, and suggest a novel microbiota-targeting therapy for inflammatory lung diseases.
All set in stone? How essentialist beliefs about aging affect older workers' motivation to continue working beyond retirement age
Authors: Weiss Mona , Weiss David , Zacher Hannes 
Published: May 2022

SummaryAlthough population aging requires that employees increasingly work beyond traditional retirement ages, negative age stereotypes often portray older workers as unwilling or unable to work longer. However, recent lifespan developmental research suggests that there are significant individual differences in how fixed versus malleable people perceive the aging process possibly affecting how they envision their occupational future. We develop and test a theoretical model on the role of essentialist beliefs about aging (i.e., the extent to which people believe that aging is an immutable, genetically determined process) in shaping occupational future time perspective and, in turn, motivation to continue working beyond retirement age. Specifically, we hypothesized that older workers (40–65 years) who more strongly endorse essentialist beliefs about aging will be less motivated to continue working beyond retirement age, because they have a more constrained occupational future time perspective. On the basis of a three‐wave study (N = 617) and an experiment (N = 358), we find evidence for our proposed indirect effect model, above and beyond previously established control variables (e.g., age, income, health, and age stereotypes). Our findings advance theorizing on work motivation in later adulthood and have important organizational implications in the context of demographic change.
Enhancement of immune responses using ovalbumin‐conjugatedEucommia ulmoides leaf polysaccharides encapsulated in a cubic liquid‐crystalline phase delivery system
Authors: Feng Haibo , Zhang Linzi , Yang Jie , Li Sheng , Tang Feng , Li Hangyu , Zhang Xinnan , Wu Daiyan , Feng Yangyang , Liu Qianqian , Liu Ziwei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo improve the adjuvant activity of polysaccharides from Eucommia ulmoides leaves (PsEUL) in inducing an effective immune response against ovalbumin (OVA), PsEUL were conjugated to OVA using the N‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl)‐N′‐ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) method. The synthesized PsEUL‐OVA was encapsulated using phytantriol and F127 to produce PsEUL‐OVA cubosomes (Cubs), a novel delivery system. The physicochemical properties and immune modulation effects of this novel delivery system were explored.RESULTSIn vitro, PsEUL‐OVA/Cubs carrying large amounts of OVA were rapidly phagocytized by macrophages and upregulated macrophage proliferation, thereby stimulating cytokine production (interleukin (IL)‐6 and IL‐4). In vivo, PsEUL‐OVA/Cubs increased the titer of OVA‐specific antibodies (immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgG2b, IgG2a and IgG1) and cytokine levels (IL‐2, IL‐6, IL‐4 and interferon‐γ). In addition, the cubosomes promoted the differentiation of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells in the spleen and the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs). These results indicated that PsEUL‐OVA/Cubs stimulated both cellular and humoral immune responses by enhancing the phagocytic activity of DCs and macrophages and increasing the antigen presentation efficiency.CONCLUSIONCollectively, the findings demonstrate that PsEUL‐antigen/Cubs can be a useful delivery vehicle with immune response‐promoting effects. Therefore, this study lays the foundation for the development of novel adjuvant–antigen delivery systems with potential applications in vaccine design. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Pretreatment colostomy in patients with anal squamous cell carcinoma: Risk factors for a permanent stoma
Authors: Sobrado Lucas F. , Nahas Caio S. R. , Marques Carlos F. S. , Sobrado Carlos W. , Nahas Sergio C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe current standard of care for anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is concurrent chemoradiation (CRT), which enables tumor eradication while preserving the anal sphincter. Patients with locally advanced tumors, however, may experience complications that preclude treatment before stoma creation.ObjectiveTo evaluate the reversal rate of pretreatment stomas and the risk factors associated with nonreversal.MethodsThis single‐institution retrospective cohort study using a prospective database included patients diagnosed with anal SCC from January 2008 to December 2020 who required a stoma before curative CRT.ResultsIn total, 651 patients were identified; 65 required a stoma before chemoradiation due to obstruction (43.1%), rectovaginal fistula (20%), and perianal sepsis (36.9%). The stoma was reversed in nine patients after a mean follow‐up of 35.8 months. Risk factors associated with a permanent stoma were perianal sepsis (p = 0.010), interruptions during radiotherapy for more than 7 days (p = 0.010), male sex (p = 0.013), poor performance status (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group [ECOG] ≥ 2) (p = 0.023), large tumors (p = 0.045), and cisplatin‐based chemotherapy (p = 0.047).ConclusionsPretreatment stomas are unlikely to be reversed, and risk factors for a permanent stoma are perianal sepsis, interruptions during radiotherapy for more than 7 days, male sex, poor performance status (ECOG ≥ 2), large tumors, and cisplatin‐based chemotherapy.
Variability in marsh migration potential determined by topographic rather than anthropogenic constraints in the Chesapeake Bay region
Authors: Molino Grace D. , Carr Joel A. , Ganju Neil K. , Kirwan Matthew L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSea level rise (SLR) and saltwater intrusion are driving inland shifts in coastal ecosystems. Here, we make high‐resolution (1 m) predictions of land conversion under future SLR scenarios in 81 watersheds surrounding Chesapeake Bay, United States, a hotspot for accelerated SLR and saltwater intrusion. We find that 1050–3748 km2 of marsh could be created by 2100, largely at the expense of forested wetlands. Predicted marsh migration exceeds total current tidal marsh area and is ~ 4× greater than historical observations. Anthropogenic land use in marsh migration areas is concentrated within a few watersheds and minimally impacts calculated metrics of marsh resilience. Despite regional marsh area maintenance, local ecosystem service replacement within vulnerable watersheds remains uncertain. However, our work suggests that topography rather than land use drives spatial variability in wetland vulnerability regionally, and that rural land conversion is needed to compensate for extensive areal losses on heavily developed coasts globally.
Physically Entangled Antiswelling Hydrogels with High Stiffness
Authors: Ji Suchun , Li Xiying , Wang Shuang , Li Hongyuan , Duan Huiling , Yang Xin , Lv Pengyu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPhysically cross‐linked hydrogels have great potential for tissue engineering because of their excellent biocompatibility and easy fabrication. However, physical cross‐linking points are typically weaker compared to chemical ones and therefore cannot form robust hydrogels with excellent water stability, which greatly hinder their further applications. In this work, a novel hydrogel with high stiffness and outstanding antiswelling performance cross‐linked by hydrophobic polymer chains entanglements is reported. The hydrophobic polymer polyimide (PI) is mixed with the hydrophilic polymer poly‐(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) to form cross‐linking points between the chains. At the equilibrium swelling state, tensile modulus of the hydrogel can be up to 22.57 MPa (higher than most existing hydrogels) and the equilibrium water swelling ratio (ESR) can be as low as 125.0%. By decreasing the PI mass ratio, tensile modulus and ESR of the hydrogel can be tuned in a wide range from 22.57 to 0.005 MPa and 125.0% to 765.6%, respectively. Using PVP/PI solutions as inks, uniform structures and multi‐material structures are fabricated having mechanical properties close to cartilage through a direct ink writing 3D printing platform. This current work demonstrates that entangled PVP/PI hydrogels have excellent tailoring capabilities and are promising candidates for tissue engineering applications.
Predictive skill of North American Multi‐Model Ensemble seasonal forecasts for the climate rainfall over Central Africa
Authors: Feudjio Tchinda Armand , Tanessong Roméo Stève , Mamadou Ossénatou , Tchida Diffo Vanessa , Djomou Yepdo Zephirin , Chabi Orou Jean Bio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study evaluates the predictive performance of the North American Multi‐model Ensemble (NMME) over Central Africa (CA) using the historical rainfall data. The African Rainfall Climatology Version 2 (ARC2) is used as a substitute for reference observational data to examine the capability of 11 NMME and their NMME ensemble mean (MME) in simulating rainfall. Using the Kling‐Gupta efficiency (KGE), Taylor skill score (TSS), and Heidke skill score, the predictive evaluation of the models is performed from lead 0 to lead 5 of each season. The results show that the NMME models satisfactorily reproduce the bimodal and unimodal structure of rainfall in CA at the lead 0 level of different seasons: December–February (DJF), March–May (MAM), June–August (JJA), and September–November (SON). The pattern correlation coefficient (PCC) shows values of NMME and MME greater than ~0.69 and TSS > 0.60 for all four seasons. The MME presents a maximum in DJF between 0 and 1 month lead time. With the same time scale, just over of the NMME have a KGE between 0 and 0.42. It follows that as the forecast lead time increases, the PCC and TSS of each model become small, with PCC in JJA and DJF, TSS < 0.21 in JJA at lead 5. The NMME models exhibit an important rainfall bias and the calculated scores show the quality of the forecast decreases with increasing lead time; this may justify a constraint on the models to keep the good quality of the long‐term seasonal forecast in CA.
Trendbericht Analytische Chemie 2022
Authors: Simon Fabian , Gehrenkemper Lennart , von der Au Marcus , Traub Heike , Vogl Jochen , Meermann Björn , Steinhauser Georg , Retzmann Anika , Rahimi Parvaneh , Falahi Sedigheh , Joseph Yvonne , Deilman Michael , Herwig Christoph , Jäger Martin , Legner Robin , Lendl Bernhard , Rädle Matthias , Richert Joachim , Beleites Claudia , Kraft Jörg , Paul Andrea , Steiner Gerald , Pöthig Alexander 
Published: May 2022

AbstractÜber neue Techniken in der Elementanalytik, neue Isotope für die Spurensuche in der forensischen Umweltanalytik und in der Archäometrie, Miniaturisierung in Chromatographie und Elektroanalytik, Biosensoren für die Point‐of‐Care‐Diagnostik, spektroskopische Methoden in der Prozessanalytik, Digitalisierung und Analyse von Kunststoffen in der chemischen Industrie, neue Methoden in der Chemometrie sowie über Strukturanalyse mit Elektronen und Quantenkristallographie.