bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological Profile of Child Victims of Abuse: Case of the City of Yaoundé, Cameroon
Authors: Haamit Abba-Kabir , Eric Nseme Etouckey , Meguieze Claude-Audrey , Voundi Voundi Esther ,  Koki-Ndombo Paul 
Published: September 2022

Purpose: Better prevention of child abuse requires knowledge of risk factors and situations. The general objective of this study was to determine the relative frequency of child abuse in Yaoundé and to draw its epidemiological profile.
Methodology: the researchers conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019, i.e., 5 years, in 4 referral hospitals in Yaoundé. All records of victims of abuse under the age of 18 years were included. The data collected were analyzed using Epi-info TM version 7.2 software. Ethical clearance was obtained to conduct our study.
Findings: Of the 19,187 usable records, child abuse victims represented 0.68% (132). Most of the victims were female (121; 91.7%), under 11 years of age (106; 80.3%), middle siblings (46; 35.0%) and HIV infection was the most common medical history at 17.4% (23). The accompanying person for the first consultation was their mother (72/132; 54.5%). Four (3.0%) children had lost both parents. The main antecedent related to the legal guardian was HIV seropositivity, 70.2% (66/94).
Conclusion: Child abuse, far from being negligible, concerned primarily girls under 11 years of age. HIV infection was a factor found in both the child victim and the legal guardian in our context.
Recommendations: Pay particular attention to children outside marriage or living in a blended family. Encourage societal debates around the abuse suffered by children.
The Effect of Dental Flourosis on the Electric Pulp Tester Response and Probe Placement Site.
Authors: Zain Muhammad , Qureshi Asim , Khattak Imran , Kamal Huma , Zia Omema , Rashid Saifa 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: The probe placement site for an electric pulp tester. (EPT) will have a significant outcome for the threshold readings. These relationships in previous studies have been documented. As dental flourosis is an endemic in regions of Pakistan the aim of this study was to compare and determine the appropriate EPT probe placement sites on fluorotic and non flourotic teeth.
Methodology: In this cross-sectional clinical study equal number of flourotic and non flourotic maxillary central incisors(40 volunteers) were selected from a known region of Pakistan for endemic of flourosis to measure threshold levels on EPT on four different parts of each tooth. (Incisal edge, incisal third, middle third and cervical third). Before the readings were taken flourotic teeth were also categorized on the bases of severity (Deans Index).The purpose was to assess if severity of dental flourosis had an impact on the EPT readings. Once the mean values were taken the Dunn–Bonferroni post hoc tests was used to assess the statistical significance (p<0.05) between the four site in both groups.
Results: Mean values from the EPT presented that the threshold values increased from incisal to cervical in gender and both age groups i.e. 20-29 and 30-40. It was also found that the threshold values increased from incisal edge to the cervical third in flourotic and non flourotic teeth. Statical significance was found between the reading of flourotic and non flourotic groups across the four probe site readings taken (p value= 0.00). Like previous literature the insical edge was considered the most ideal site for EPT assessment on anterior incisors. As this is where the lowest threshold response was recorded in our study .Dental flourosis does have a significant effect on the EPT threshold values. This is most likely due to structural changes because of dental flourosis.
Recommendations: From the study conducted it can be recommended that clinicians need to be aware of the fact that fluorotic teeth response will vary from natural teeth on the EPT. Also further research needs to be done to assess if other vitality test methods will also alter in their response due to dental defects like flourosis.
Determinants of Technology Adoption and Intensity of Adoption among Rice Farming Households in Ogun State, Nigeria.
Authors: John Afodu Osagie , Emmanuel Akinboye Olufunso , Oye Akintunde Adeyinka , Chidinma Ndubuisi-Ogbonna Lois , Adenike Shobo Bolatito , Oyewole Oyewumi Samson 
Published: September 2022

Purpose: Production and productivity of the agricultural sector in SSA is low due to low technological adoption and techniques among others. One of the major goals of Nigerian agriculture development programs and policies is transition from low productivity subsistence agriculture to a high productivity agro-industrial economy through improved technology adoption.
Methodology: A multi-stage sampling technique was used in this study to select 158 rice farming households The first stage involved the purposive selection of two Agricultural Development programme zones (Ikenne and Abeokuta zones) in the state. The second stage was purposive selection of two blocks per zone based on the concentration of rice farmers. Six farming cells were randomly selected from each block making a total of twenty-four (24) farming community, seven rice farmers were randomly selected from each farming cell giving a sample size of 168 rice farmers. A set of structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Out of the 168-questionnaire administered 158 of it were gotten and used for the study. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, adoption index, tobit regression model.
Findings: Technologies adoption was high among the young farmers than the older farmers. The household size was also a determinant factor of technology adoption. As the household increases in size, there is high probability that all the production technologies will be adopted. Access to credit facility was found to be positive and significant in all the production technologies available to the rice farmers.
Recommendations: It was recommended that the young people should be encouraged to modern technologies available for rice production, the farmers should be educated on modern technologies in the production of rice. Credit facilities should be made available for the farm household.
The Supervision of English Language Teachers in Public Secondary Schools in Kenya: A Critical Role of Heads of English Department
Authors: Barasa Wakasa Diana , Onchera Onsare Paul , Okari Florence Mokeira 
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The study assessed the role of heads of English department in the supervision of English language teachers in public secondary schools in Kakamega county, Kenya among other objectives. Supervision is key in enhancing learning-teaching experiences. In order to ensure better supervision of English language teachers, the heads of English department should play a key role in supervision. When their roles are not carried out efficiently, the teachers may not reach their full potential and learners may underperform. In Kenya, there is no official supervision approach that is exclusively used for supervising teachers of English in secondary schools, which means that teachers of English are not being effectively supervised, and this leads to negative impact on curriculum delivery.
Methodology: This article is based on the research study done in Kakamega County, which explored English Language Teachers` opinions about the usefulness of Collaborative Peer Supervision (CPS) approach in enhancing Teacher Effectiveness in the teaching of English Language in public secondary schools in Kenya. The study adapted the Convergent Mixed Methods Research Design, where, 25 heads of English department were purposively sampled from the 417 public secondary schools in Kakamega county, and were interviewed using a researcher-developed in-depth interview schedule. Data collected was thematically analyzed using NVIVO12 Software.
Findings: The results revealed that, the major supervisory roles of HODs currently, is administrative i.e., supervision of curriculum implementation at the departmental level, conducting teacher appraisals, and general management of departmental issues. This is formal supervision through the Teacher Performance Appraisal and Development (TPAD) tool, which is the current supervisory approach, recognized by the Teachers` Service Commission (TSC), the teachers` employer in Kenya. The study also revealed that HODs are not fully sensitized about other key supervisory roles that they should play, in accordance with the literature. The results were presented thematically, by way of verbatim quotes as expressed by the participants` responses, and researcher commentaries.
Unique Contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study concluded that teachers of English in public secondary schools in Kenya, are not being effectively supervised because the HODs are not fully sensitized about their full supervisory roles. The study recommends the development of capacity building programs on supervisory roles for HODs through workshops and seminars, and the introduction of CPS as a complementary supervision approach for supervising teachers of English in secondary schools, in which HODs will take the centrality of guiding supervision in their departments. This should guarantee the delivery of high-quality instruction.
Relações de gênero: notas de uma experiência-intervenção na escola
Authors: Vieira de Souza Simone , Teles de Sousa Ematuir 
Published: September 2022

Objetivamos, com esse relato, compartilhar a experiência de uma oficina-intervenção realizada em 2017, em uma escola de educação básica de ensino público, no diálogo com os operadores conceituais das diferenças de gênero e sexualidades, numa perspectiva interseccional. Tomando como território o chão da escola, inspiramo-nos na cartografia e nos conceitos de processualidade, devir e afecção, cunhados por autores como Deleuze e Guattari. Com base na perspectiva da Psicologia Escolar e Educacional Crítica e da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural, distanciamo-nos de práticas que individualizam a queixa escolar na criança, estudante, de modo a considerar as relações construídas no processo de escolarização. A partir da demanda de uma professora do quarto ano, acerca de uma criança, estudante que borrava as fronteiras de gênero socialmente predominantes, foi construída a oficina-intervenção, pensando, sobretudo, no envolvimento institucional em relação às questões de gênero postas na escola. Diante da experiência relatada, arriscamos, ao final, delinear quatro pistas que repensam práticas pedagógicas na direção de novas formas de relações de gênero, (re)inventando a própria noção de infâncias.
Palavras-chave: Infância. Sexualidades. Gênero. Queixa Escolar.
The Higher Levels of Physical Activity Associated with Higher VO2max among Elderly
Authors: Dewa Ayu Putri Hartaningrum  , Ida Ayu Astiti Suadnyana  , I Putu Prisa Jaya  
Published: September 2022

Background: The elderly are very sensitive to disease and health problems. The lack of economic support, such as nutritious food as the source of energy, is the most often cause of health problems in the elderly. Reduced energy in the elderly's body causes the elderly's lack of physical activity, which affects the VO2max level of the elderly.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between physical activity and VO2max in the elderly.
Methods: The research design was a cross-sectional study conducted in March 2021 with a population of all elderly in Banjar Tegalnarungan, Sobangan Village, Mengwi District, Bali, Indonesia, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sampling technique in this study was total sampling and obtained 38 people. This study used the International Physical Activity Questionnaire questionnaire and 6 Minutes Walking Test to measure the physical activity levels and VO2max, respectively. Data were analyzed by computer software, namely Somers'd to determine the relationship between physical activity and VO2max in the elderly.
Results: The results showed a significant relationship between physical activity and VO2max, resulting in p < 0.001.
Conclusion: There is a significant positive relationship between physical activity and VO2max in the elderly, which represents the higher the physical activity level, the higher VO2max belongs to the elderly.
MEMBANGUN KARAKTER SANTRI YANG KREATIF, TOLERAN, DAN BERTANGGUNG JAWAB
Authors: ASRIYAH ASRIYAH 
Published: September 2022

Pesantren has several functions, among others, as a character education institution. Among the many characters that must be instilled in students, creative characters, tolerance, and responsibility are the three main character pillars. Creative characters need to be instilled in students so that students are not out of date. With a creative character, students will always seek and find new things in their lives. Tolerance is important for students because they will face diversity both inside and outside the pesantren. Responsibility is very important, because responsibility is a basic character that must be instilled early on in students. From these problems, motivation emerged to study efforts to build creative character, tolerance, and responsibility in students. This study uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The results of this study indicate that efforts to build the students who have creativity, tolerance, and responsibility in general can be done by creating an environment that is creative, tolerant, and responsible. In particular, it can be done using a normative approach, a model approach, a reward and punishment approach, a value planting approach, a substantive learning approach, and a reflective learning approach.
ABSTRAKPesantren memiliki beberapa fungsi antara lain sebagai lembaga pendidikan karakter. Di antara banyak karakter yang harus ditanamkan pada peserta didik, karakter kreatif, toleransi, dan tanggung jawab merupakan tiga pilar karakter yang utama. Karakter kreatif perlu ditanamkan kepada santri agar santri tidak tidak ketinggalan zaman. Dengan karakter kreatif, santri akan senantiasa mencari dan menemukan hal-hal yang baru dalam kehidupannya. Karakter toleransi penting dimiliki santri karena ia akan menghadapi keragaman baik di dalam maupun di luar pesantren. Adapun karakter tanggung jawab penting, karena tanggung jawab adalah karakter dasar yang harus ditanamkan sejak dini pada peserta didik, termasuk santri. Dari permasalahan tersebut, muncul motivasi untuk mengkaji tentang upaya membangun karakter kreatif, toleransi, dan tanggung jawab pada santri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa upaya membangun karakter santri yang kreatif, toleran, dan bertanggung jawab secara umum dapat dilakukan dengan menciptakan lingkungan yang kreatif, penuh toleransi, dan tanggung jawab. Adapun secara khusus dapat dilakukan dengan pendekatan normatif, pendekatan model, pendekatan ganjaran dan hukuman, pendekatan penanaman nilai, pendekatan pembelajaran substantif, dan pendekatan pembelajaran reflektif.
Evaluation of Menstrual Irregularities and Dysmenorrhea in University Students
Authors: GÜN KAKAŞÇI Çiğdem , COŞKUNER POTUR Dilek 
Published: September 2022

Purpose: Menstruation takes an important place in women's lives all over the world. For this reason, problems such as menstrual irregularities and dysmenorrhea affect women's lives in many ways. Our study aims to determine the factors associated with menstrual irregularities and dysmenorrhea.
Materials and methods: It is a cross-sectional study. The data were collected with the personal ınformation form developed by reviewing the literature. The data were collected based on self-report from the students in a way that does not disrupt the course order. A p-value of
Exploring anti-racism within the context of human resource management in the health sector in Aotearoa
Authors: Heke Deborah , Came Heather , Birk Manjeet , Gambrell Kem 
Published: September 2022

Compelling evidence continues to demonstrate that racism is a modifiable determinant of health inequities. Despite growing recognition of this it is less clear how from a human resource perspective to engage in effective anti-racism.

Through a review of human resource and anti-racism literature, the white, Indigenous and racialised authors examined existing approaches to anti-racism applicable to the health system in Aotearoa.

Two systemic organisational approaches were identified: diversity training and dismantling institutional racism. Recruitment processes, talent management and retention were human resource specific sites for interventions. Insights from anti-racism scholarship including upholding te Tiriti o Waitangi and engaging in decolonising to enable transformative change.

Power-sharing remains at the heart of anti-racism praxis. A health sector response needs to be co-created with Māori and those with the political will to enable transformation. Given racism has a geographic specificity, solutions need to be informed by the cultural, political, social, and historical context.
Some Thoughts on Repaying the Kindness of the Mother in the Songs of Shabkarཞབས་དཀར་པའི་མགུར་ལས་ཨ་མའི་དྲིན་གཟོའི་སྐོར་གྱི་བསམ་བློ་རགས་ཙམ་གླེང་བ།
Authors: Yangbum Gyal  , Pema Dondrub  
Published: September 2022

This paper examines the dea of "regarding all living beings as their own mother" in the songs of the Buddhist master Shabkar Tsokdruk Rangdrol (1781-1851).
ནང་དོན་གནད་བསྡུས།འདིར་ཞབས་དཀར་ཚོགས་དྲུག་རང་གྲོལ་མཆོག་གི་མགུར་ལས། རང་གཞན་གདུལ་བྱ་རྣམས་ཆོས་ལ་བསྐུལ་བ་དང་། འཇིག་རྟེན་དྲང་གཞག་གི་ལུགས་ལ་འགོད་ཕྱིར། ཐུན་མོང་ཕྱི་དང་ནང་གི་སྔོན་འགྲོའི་སྐོར་གྱི་གནས་ལུགས་ཟབ་མོ་དང་། ཁྱད་པར་དུ་འགྲོ་བ་སེམས་ཅན་མ་རུ་སྒོམ་དགོས་པའི་སེམས་བསྐྱེད་བསྟན་པའི་མགུར་གླུ་ཚན་པ་འགའ་ལ་དཔྱད་པའི་ཚུལ་གྱིས། དམ་པ་གང་གི་ཨ་མའི་དྲིན་གཟོའི་སྐོར་གྱི་བསམ་བློ་དང་བསླབ་བྱ་སོགས་གླེང་ཡོད།
Experimental studies of reinforced concrete beams with external reinforcement of the tensioned face using composite fabrics
Authors: Volik A. R. , Novitski Ya. Ya. 
Published: September 2022

The object of the study is reinforced concrete beams that are reinforced with technical polyamide (kapron) fabric produced by Branch “Khimvolokno Plant” JSC “Grodno Azot”, and fiberglass, manufactured by JSC “Polotsk-Steklovolokno”. The relevance of the stems from the need to obtain and study experimental data of the load-bearing capacity, fracture pattern, crack resistance and cracking of reinforced concrete beams reinforced with composite fabrics, since the topic of restoring the load-bearing capacity of reinforced concrete structures or their strengthening is currently very relevant. Reinforcement of bent reinforced concrete structures with composite fabrics allows using fabrics along the outer edges of the structure, as they are resistant to the external environment and are not subject to corrosion, and represent external composite reinforcement, which, together with metal reinforcement, perceive tensile forces. The most common system for the restoration of reinforced concrete structures is currently the system of external reinforcement of carbon tapes, but the use of this material is limited by high cost. The aim of the study is to experimentally confirm the possibility of effective use of technical polyamide (kapron) fabric, produced by Branch “Khimvolokno Plant” JSC “Grodno Azot”, and glass fabric, produced by JSC “Polotsk-Steklovolokno”, to strengthen the stretched face of reinforced concrete bent structures. Two reinforcement options are presented: gluing horizontal tapes along the entire length on the lower stretched face and the device of a U-shaped clip of fabrics in the stretched zone. Experimental studies have shown that the external reinforcement of the stretched zone with technical polyamide (kapron) fabric produced by Branch “Khimvolokno Plant” JSC “Grodno Azot”, and fiberglass manufactured by JSC “Polotsk-Steklovolokno” change the nature of destruction, increase load-bearing capacity of reinforced concrete beams by 16–38 % in depending on the material and method of reinforcement, affect the crack resistance and crack formation. The results of experimental studies made it possible to solve an important applied problem of the effective use of these composite materials as external reinforcement of the tension face of bending reinforced concrete beams.
Optical light microscopy in the determination of small fractions of suspended particles in the air of the urban environment
Authors: Kolesnik I. M. , Yukhnevich G. G. , Belova E. A. , Lazovski M. G. 
Published: September 2022

Small fractions of particulate matter are a common air pollutant in the urban environment. To analyze the amount and size of solid particles, various modifications of optical microscopy and laser detection methods are used. The aim of the work is to evaluate the possibility of the usage of light microscopy to determine the quantitative and granulometric composition of particulate matter in the air of the urban environment. The article presents the results of gravimetric analysis of particulate matter, followed by examination by light microscopy of clarified filters. It is shown that using light microscopy makes it possible to estimate the number of particle size fractions of particulate matter larger than 0.3 µm in atmospheric air. It has been established that the number of particles in the atmospheric air in certain districts of Grodno varied by more than 15 times. The change in the mass concentrations of dust and the number of dispersed particles in the atmospheric air of individual points in the urban environment can be reversed, which indicates the difference in the sources of solid particles and their different chemical nature. The diameter of suspended particles in the atmospheric air of the urban environment is characterized by very high variability (80–157 %). The distribution of frequencies of occurrence of particles of different sizes in the air does not correspond to the normal law and right-sided asymmetry and positive kurtosis were observed in the variational histograms. A significant inverse connection was found between the particle size and their proportion in the samples. The most common fraction in the atmospheric air of Grodno was particles with a diameter of 0.5–1 µm (41.5–61.3 %). At the same time, a statistically significant association of points of the urban environment into clusters was determined primarily by the proportions of particles with a diameter of more than 5 microns.