bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Central nervous system aspergillosis was misdiagnosed as toxoplasma gondii encephalitis in AIDS: a case report
Authors: Yang Hong-Hong , He Xue-Jiao , Nie Jing-Min , Guan Shao-Shan , Chen Yao-Kai , Liu Min 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) tend to suffer from a complication of several central nervous system (CNS) infections owing to hypoimmunity. However, CNS aspergillosis (CNSAG) is extremely rare and difficult to diagnose, which makes it easily misdiagnosed. Case presentation: We have reported here a 47-year-old male AIDS patient with visual ghosting and no sweat development on the left head and face. He was accordingly diagnosed with toxoplasma gondii encephalitis (TE) in other hospitals, for which he received regular anti-toxoplasma gondii and anti-human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV) treatment. Then, the patient was transferred to our hospital due to lack of any improvement with the prescribed treatment. The patient's neurological examination revealed no abnormalities at admission, albeit only a slight change in the cerebrospinal fluid. His cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed multiple abnormal signals in the brain parenchyma, and his blood sample was positive for toxoplasma gondii IgG antibody. The initial diagnosis at our hospital was also TE. Considering the poor efficacy of anti-TE treatment, cerebrospinal fluid metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS) was performed, but no pathogenic bacteria were detected. However, aspergillus fumigatus was detected in the cerebrospinal fluid with targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) and bronchofiberscope alveolar lavage fluid mNGS. The diagnosis was accordingly modified as CNSAG combined with his other clinical manifestations. After administering voriconazole anti-fungal therapy, the patient’s symptoms were relieved, with improved absorption of the intracranial lesions. Conclusions: The present case experience indicated the need for the clinicians to strengthen their understanding of CNSAG. Moreover, for patients with diagnostic difficulties, early mNGS and tNGS (using biological samples with only a few pathogens) were helpful for the early diagnosis and treatment, whereby the patients could achieve favorable outcomes.
Developing the scale for measuring the service quality of Internet-based e-waste collection platforms
Authors: Wang Wenhua , Qu Ying , Fang Yan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
As Internet-based electronic waste (e-waste) collection moves from a novelty to a routine way of e-waste collection in China, the service quality of Internet-based e-waste collection platforms is playing a crucial role in attracting users. Based on the 94 online reviews and the survey data of 395 participants, this study develops a scale for measuring the service quality of Internet-based e-waste collection platforms with both reliability and validity tests. The scale comprises 12 items across four dimensions: efficiency, accuracy, customer service and price offerings. On the basis of this scale, some significant implications to the service quality management of Internet-based e-waste collection platforms have been proposed to both practitioners and researchers.
Sign Language Recognition: Speech to Gesture
Authors: Manyonganise Panashe , Sumbureru Philip 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Communication is an essential component of existence. Around 360 million people worldwide suffer from hearing loss, 32 million of them are children, and their lives are not as simple as they may be for human beings without boundaries. People who are hard of hearing or almost deaf find it difficult to use cell phones since they can't get to data anywhere due to a lack of administrators. Because of their hearing impairment, which is an invisible disability, they have difficulty reading and writing, as well as perusing and seeing all data on cell phones. The increase in engagement achieved by hard of hearing children over four years is equivalent to the addition of one year for hearing children. This group of people with disabilities does not have access to any visible text-based info. To provide benefits to those who are deaf or hard of hearing in order to promote their social integration and communication. This project provides a Python-based Sign Language Recognition system capable of identifying speech and converting it to the corresponding gesture.
Prognostics of systemic malignancy ICD-O topography and morphology types on brain metastases: an NCDB time-to-event cohort
Authors: Alexopoulos Georgios , Zhang Justin , Karampelas Ioannis , Patel Mayur , Mercier Philippe 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The site and histology of primary cancer are known predictors of progression to brain metastases(BM). We investigated the combinational interactions of ICD-O primary topography and morphology types on the survival of BM after adjusting for relevant clinical and demographic prognostic factors.Methods: The cohort included all adult patients with BM at diagnosis of an invasive malignancy in the National Cancer Database(2010-2018). The sample consisted of 180,150 entries out of 14,279,749 cancer patients screened. A survival analysis of the topography- and histology- specific time to death was performed. Multivariate Cox regression revealed violations of the proportional hazard assumption for multiple covariates. Parametric models using a log-logistic distribution best described the population survival pattern. Results: The primary topography “prostate” and morphology “choriocarcinoma” provided the strongest survival benefit among ICD-O types, while BM from prostate demonstrated a 14-month median overall increase in survival probability. Favorable prognostics were BM from breast, bone/joints, and testis; also, the morphologies of carcinoid tumor, mature B-cell lymphoma, and papillary adenocarcinoma. Poor prognostics were BM from gastrointestinal(liver, biliary tree, pancreas, gallbladder) and gynecologic malignancies. All morphologies of spindle cell carcinoma, hemangiosarcoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, Ewing sarcoma, pseudosarcomatous carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma/sarcomatoid, signet ring cell carcinoma, spindle cell sarcoma, and squamous cell carcinoma/spindle cell were associated with poor survival.Conclusions: This is the largest cohort providing an unbiased estimate of the adjusted ICD-O topography and morphology effect sizes. The results can be summarized as a booklet for prognostic classification of disease in patients with BM secondary to systemic malignancy.
Mechanical and corrosion characteristics of 6061-T6 Aluminum alloy samples reinforced with alumina micro and nanoparticles fabricated by Friction Stir Processing
Authors: Karami Ramin , Abdollahi Mir Ali Asghar 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The present study investigates the mechanical and corrosion properties of reinforced 6061\(-\)T6 Aluminum samples after friction stir processing. Three different composites are fabricated: one without any powder and the others with micrometer and nanometer alumina powder (\({Al}_{2}{O}_{3}\)) as reinforcing particles. The hardness, tensile, and Potentiodynamic polarization tests are performed to compare the new samples with the base metal. The results show that friction stir processing has increased the tensile and ultimate strength of the composites by an average of 181 % comared to the base metal. The strength of the composites with additives is significantly affected by the size of the particles. The hardness of the processed samples has also increased compared to the base metal by 200 %. Depite these enhancements, corrosion resistance of new samples has decreased, which can be due to the numerous dislocations in the stress-induced stir zone, creating lattice deformations and causing the breakdown of the passive protective layer. The analysis of fracture surface topography through a Fractography method revealed a specific anaglyph consisting of dimples of various shapes, sizes, and dispersion and further confirmed the tensile test results.
A Synthesis on Enablers of Digital Finance in Emerging Economies. Lessons from Zambia.
Authors: Ndimbwa Derick , Qutieshat Abubaker 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Using Zambia as a case study, this study conducted a brief literature review on the synthesis of facilitators of digital finance in emerging economies. The study stated what several academics have argued regarding the weather that drive the expansion of digital finance in emerging nations, like political, legal, economic, and technical settings. An exhaustive electronic mining of peer-reviewed papers and books on Springer, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect to locate appropriate material on the subject matter is required for productive study. To narrow down on acceptable articles from which to extract information for the research, a good evaluation fit was undertaken. The conclusions of the review revealed that changes within the political, economic, legal, and technical settings have an honest and negative influence on digital finance in emerging nations. for instance, this research found that, in terms of legislative reforms, there has been a positive adoption of digital money following the passage of the National Payment Systems Act in 2007. On the financial front, digital financial inclusion innovation brings long-term financial performance benefits, like cheaper expenses and fewer bank branches. External elements like political, legal, economic, and technological settings even have an influence on the expansion of digital finance, in step with this text. Furthermore, this research suggests that exogenous elements like political, legal, economic, and technological settings have a sway on the emergence of digital finance in emerging economies. Countries with more complex financial systems, per this study, enjoy better economic development, faster poverty reduction, and greater income equality.
Geochemical constraints on the origin of phonolites from the Lužické hory Mts., the Ohře (Eger) Rift, Bohemian Massif
Authors: Krmíčková Simona , Krmíček Lukáš , Řanda Zdeněk , Ulrych Jaromír , Jelínek Emil , Ackerman Lukáš , Mizera Jiří 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Geochemical and petrological data are reported for phonolites of the Lužické hory Mts. in the northeastern part of the Ohře (Eger) Rift near the junction with the Lusatian Fault. The phonolites of the Lužické hory Mts. are enriched in incompatible trace elements such as Rb, REEs, Zr, Hf, U, Th, Nb, Ta and volatile components such as F and Cl. The phonolites are significantly impoverished in Ti and P and partly also in Sr and Ba contents. The K-Ar dating of phonolites provided scattered ages in the range of 34.2 ± 1.4 to 26.7 ± 1.1 Ma. Two geochemically different phonolite types were recognized. Phonolites of type A (higher Sr > 90 ppm, Ba > 130 ppm) have following initial Sr–Nd isotope characteristics: 87Sr/86Sr = 0.7032–0.7094; εNd = 3.0–3.4, similar to those known from phonolites of the nearby České středohoří Mts. Prevailing phonolites of type B (lower Sr < 20 ppm, Ba < 60 ppm) are decoupled and show a broad range of initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (up to 0.7142) at narrow εNd (3.2–3.9). Both phonolite types are characterized by relatively restricted variations in 206Pb/204Pb (19.2–19.5), 207Pb/204Pb (15.61–15.66) and 208Pb/204Pb (39.07–39.30), indicating their derivation from a similarly metasomatically enriched mantle source. The geochemical characteristics of the phonolites can associate with various (i) lower and higher clinopyroxene and feldspar crystallization of primary basanitic magma, (ii) degree of assimilation-fractional crystallization (AFC) processes during the magma ascent, and/or (iii) late-magmatic to post-magmatic hydrothermal contribution of incompatible elements.
Fragment-based virtual screening identifies a first-in-class preclinical drug candidate for Huntington’s disease
Authors: Galyan Simon , Ewald Collin , Jalencas Xavier , Masrani Shyam , Meral Selin , Lamottke Kai , Mestres Jordi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Currently, there are no therapies available to modify the disease progression of Huntington’s disease (HD). Recent clinical trial failures of antisense oligonucleotide candidates in HD have demonstrated the need for new therapeutic approaches. Here, we developed a novel in-silico fragment scanning approach across the surface of mutant huntingtin (mHTT) polyQ and predicted four hit compounds. Two rounds of compound analoging using a strategy of testing structurally similar compounds in an affinity assay rapidly identified GLYN122. In vitro, GLYN122 directly binds and reduces mHTT and induces autophagy in neurons. In vivo, our results confirm that GLYN122 can reduce mHTT in the cortex and striatum of the R/2 Huntington’s disease mouse model and subsequently improve motor symptoms. Thus, the in-vivo pharmacology profile of GLYN122 is a potential new preclinical candidate for the treatment of HD.
Ultrafast Carrier Dynamics in 2D NbTe2 Films
Authors: Moss David 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
As one of the representatives of emerging metallic transition metal dichalcogenides, niobium ditelluride (NbTe2) has attracted intensive interest recently due to its distorted lattice structure and unique physical properties. Here, we report on the ultrafast carrier dynamics in NbTe2 measured using time-resolved pump-probe transient reflection spectroscopy. A thickness-dependent carrier relaxation time is observed, exhibiting a clear increase in the fast and slow carrier decay rates for thin NbTe2 flakes. In addition, pump power dependent measurements indicate that the carrier relaxation rates are power-independent, with the peak amplitude of the transient reflectivity increasing linearly with pump power. Isotropic relaxation dynamics in NbTe2 is also verified by performing polarization-resolved pump-probe measurements. These results provide an insight into the light-matter interactions and charge carrier dynamics in NbTe2 and will pave the way for its applications to photonic and optoelectronic devices.
The thermal instability of a horizontal nanofluid layer in a porous medium with high porosity
Authors: Ruo An-Cheng , Chang Min-Hsing , Yan Wei-Mon 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

A linear stability analysis is performed in this paper to explore the instability characteristics of nanofluids in a horizontal porous medium uniformly heated from below. The theory employs Buongiorno’s model for nanofluids and Brinkman model for porous media, and the results are restricted to the case with high porosity in order to avoid the particles interacting with the walls of the pores. Different from the previous studies, a novel base-state solution is derived by considering the dependence of thermophoresis on particle concentration. The solution of concentration turns out to be a nonlinear function in terms of NA (a parameter denoting the relative strength of thermophoresis and Brownian diffusion for nanoparticles). As NA is large, the thermophoretic effect prevails over Brownian diffusion and drives the particles into the upper region of layer, which substantially changes the stability. Results show that the system is extremely unstable for common nanofluids as long as the layer is heated from below. Since the neutral curve does not exist, the dispersion spectra are created instead to illustrate the instability characteristics. It is found that the thermophoretic effect together with buoyancy is a very strong destabilizing mechanism that is sufficient to overcome the Darcy resistance and trigger the onset of convection in porous media.
Co-occurrence probabilities between mosquito vectors of West Nile and Eastern equine encephalitis viruses using Markov Random Fields (MRFcov)
Authors: Sallam Mohamed F. , Whitehead Shelley , Barve Narayani , Bauer Amely , Guralnick Robert , Allen Julie , Tavares Yasmin , Britch Seth C. , Linthicum Kenneth J. , Giordano Bryan V. , Campbell Lindsay P. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Mosquito vectors of eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) and West Nile virus (WNV) in the US reside within broad multi-species assemblages that vary in spatial and temporal composition, relative abundances, and vector competence. These variations impact the risk of pathogen transmission and the operational management of these species by local public health vector control districts. However, most models of mosquito vector dynamics focus on single species and do not account for co-occurrence probabilities between mosquito species pairs across environmental gradients. In this investigation, we use for the first time conditional Markov Random Fields (MRFcov) to evaluate spatial co-occurrence patterns between host-seeking mosquito vectors of EEEV and WNV around sampling sites in Manatee County, FL. Specifically, we aimed to 1) quantify dependencies between mosquito vector species and other mosquito vector and non-vector species, 2) quantify dependencies between mosquito vectors and landscape and climate variables, and 3) investigate whether the strength of dependencies between species pairs are conditional on landscape or climate variables. We hypothesized that either mosquito vector species co-occur with other species in patterns driven by the landscape and/or climate variables, or those landscape variables unconditionally predict species abundances individually. Results indicated that landscape and bioclimatic covariates did not substantially improve the overall model performance and that the log abundances of the majority of WNV and EEEV vector species were positively dependent on other vector and non-vector mosquito species, unconditionally, but only weakly dependent or not at all dependent on environmental variables with one exception, Culiseta melanura, the primary vector for EEEV. Culiseta melanura showed a strong dependency on cropland and precipitation seasonality but not other species. Our analyses showed that some of the mosquito vector species may be habitat generalists, indicated by unconditional dependency, which could have confounded our analysis, but also indicated that the approach could be operationalized to leverage species co-occurrences as indicators of vector abundances in unsampled areas, or under scenarios where environmental variables are not informative.
A systematic review of the Treatment and dissemination in vestibular schwannoma: Pearls and Pitfalls for Minimizing Complication
Authors: Arabestanino Ali Reza , Irvani Sina Naghibi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
VS account for approximately 6–8% of intracranial tumors in adults and are the most common tumor in the CPA ranging between 80% and 95%. hearing loss associated with vestibular schwannomas of this size is typically unilateral, progressive, and commonly affects high-frequency thresholds and speech perception. Gross total resection is the goal of surgery while maintaining good facial function, in all sizes of tumors, and hearing preservation, in small to moderate size tumors in patients with serviceable preoperative hearing status. We provide an overview of vestibular schwannoma and discuss anatomical factors and their methods and publication, as well as the management strategies we should adopt when they occur.
Methods
A review was conducted that follows the preferential reporting guidelines. PubMed, EMBASE, Library Genesis were used to search for vestibular schwannoma.
Results
Vestibular schwannomas constitute 6% of all intracranial neoplasms and are the most common benign lesions of the IAC and CPA cistern constituting between 60% and 90% of the entire lesions seen in this area.
Conclusions
In the foreseeable future, Play better methods and treatments for vestibular schwannoma management in the age of precision medicine.
Who and why: a study of British distrust in the government and media during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Balaet Maria , Kurtin Danielle , Gruia Dragos , Lerede Annalaura , Custovic Darije , Trender William , Jolly Amy , Hellyer Peter , Hampshire Adam 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic represents a unique context for studying the spread of conspiratorial beliefs within the general population and their role in mediating compliance with government guidance. Here, we apply multivariate and machine learning methods to analyse data from tens of thousands of members of the British public at 6-monthly timepoints during the COVID-19 pandemic. We report that distrust and conspiratorial beliefs significantly predict non-compliant behaviours and covary with sociodemographic variables, being most prevalent for disadvantaged and minority groups. Free text analyses reveal that perceptions of corruption, cronyism, disputing lockdown motivations and the potential of COVID-19 being a lab-leaked bioweapon were common topics motivating non-compliance, with the prevalence and distribution of such beliefs evolving as the pandemic progressed. We propose that survey data could be analysed this way to identify current topics of distrust and map them to demographic variables, enabling the most relevant arguments to be tailored for each individual.
Effects of metabolic syndrome on semen parameters and reproductive hormones in male infertility patients: a retrospective study in 1564 Chinese men
Authors: Xin Song , Long Cheng , Sen-Yao Xue , Zhi-Kang Cai 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective
This study was designed to investigate the effect of metabolic syndrome on semen parameters and reproductive hormones profile in Chinese infertile patients.
Methods
1564 patients who were diagnosed as primary infertility in our hospital from September 2018 to February 2022 were enrolled in this study, and they were divided into MetS group and non-MetS group. 60 healthy men were enrolled as the control group. The general information, blood lipids, reproductive hormones and sperm parameters were collected.The Mann-Whitney U test, the analysis of ANCOVA and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the relationships between the different parameters.
Results
There were 166 patients with MetS in 1564 primary infertility patients, with a prevalence rate of 10.6%. Compared with non-MetS infertility patients, the patients in MetS group had higher FSH, lower T, SHBG, inhibin B and normal sperm morphology rate(P < 0.05). There was no significant difference of sperm concentration and motility between the MetS and non-MetS groups (P > 0.05). MetS and non-MetS azoospemic infertile only differed in FSH levels (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis of covariance showed that waist circumference,HDL and TG had an influence on sperm morphology (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis failed to prove MetS to be an independent risk factor of sperm morphology, but showed that FSH, inhibin B and BMI are independent predictors of sperm concentration (P < 0.05). Patients with increased age,FSH,BMI or lower inhibin B had lower sperm concentration.
Conclusions
MetS can affect reproductive hormone profile. MetS could be a potential contributing factor to male infertility.