bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pressure‐assisted cooling to grow ultra‐stable Cs3Cu2l5 and CsCu2l3 single crystals for solid‐state lighting and visible light communication
Authors: Wang Baiqian , Chen Chen , Yang Xin , Cai Wensi , Zhao Shuangyi , Li Ru , Ma Wen , Chen Jiangzhao , Zang Zhigang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOwing to the excellent optical properties, white light‐emitting diodes (WLEDs) based on metal halide perovskites have attracted great attention as promising light source for solid‐state lighting and wireless visible light communication (VLC). However, the instability and toxicity of classic hybrid lead halides hinder their practical applications. Here, a pressure‐assisted cooling method is developed to grow lead‐free Cs3Cu2I5 and CsCu2I3 single crystals, which exhibit more excellent stability, larger size and uniform orientations in comparison with pressure‐free cooling method. Then, both single crystals are used as the emitters of WLEDs without encapsulation, exhibiting a high Color Rendering Index of 91, a decent Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage coordinate of (0.33, 0.33), a proper Correlated Color Temperature of 5436 K, as well as an excellent 1350‐h operating stability at atmosphere. Furthermore, the prepared WLEDs are utilized in wireless VLC, which possesses a −3 dB bandwidth of 10.1 MHz.image
Olfactory loss and brain connectivity after COVID‐19
Authors: Esposito Fabrizio , Cirillo Mario , De Micco Rosa , Caiazzo Giuseppina , Siciliano Mattia , Russo Andrea Gerardo , Monari Caterina , Coppola Nicola , Tedeschi Gioacchino , Tessitore Alessandro 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTo address the impact of COVID‐19 olfactory loss on the brain, we analyzed the neural connectivity of the central olfactory system in recently SARS‐CoV‐2 infected subjects with persisting olfactory impairment (hyposmia). Twenty‐seven previously SARS‐CoV‐2 infected subjects (10 males, mean age ± SD 40.0 ± 7.6 years) with clinically confirmed COVID‐19 related hyposmia, and eighteen healthy, never SARS‐CoV‐2 infected, normosmic subjects (6 males, mean age ± SD 36.0 ± 7.1 years), were recruited in a 3 Tesla MRI study including high angular resolution diffusion and resting‐state functional MRI acquisitions. Specialized metrics of structural and functional connectivity were derived from a standard parcellation of olfactory brain areas and a previously validated graph‐theoretic model of the human olfactory functional network. These metrics were compared between groups and correlated to a clinical index of olfactory impairment. On the scanning day, all subjects were virus‐free and cognitively unimpaired. Compared to control, both structural and functional connectivity metrics were found significantly increased in previously SARS‐CoV‐2 infected subjects. Greater residual olfactory impairment was associated with more segregated processing within regions more functionally connected to the anterior piriform cortex. An increased neural connectivity within the olfactory cortex was associated with a recent SARS‐CoV‐2 infection when the olfactory loss was a residual COVID‐19 symptom. The functional connectivity of the anterior piriform cortex, the largest cortical recipient of afferent fibers from the olfactory bulb, accounted for the inter‐individual variability in the sensory impairment. Albeit preliminary, these findings could feature a characteristic brain connectivity response in the presence of COVID‐19 related residual hyposmia.
The evolution of infant mortality and neighbourhood inequalities in four world cities: 1988–2016
Authors: Weisz Daniel , Gusmano Michael K. , Laborde Caroline , Feron Valerie , Rodwin Victor G. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the level of neighbourhood inequalities in infant mortality (IM) rates in the urban core of four world cities and to examine the association between neighbourhood‐level income and IM. We compare our findings with those published in 2004 to better understand how these city health systems have evolved.MethodsWe compare IM rates among and within the four cities using data from four periods: 1988–1992; 1993–1997; 2003–2008 and 2012–2016. Using a maximum‐likelihood negative binomial regression model that controls for births, we predict the relationship between neighbourhood‐level income and IM.ResultsIM rates have declined in all four cities. Neighbourhood‐level income is statistically significant for New York and, for the two most recent periods, in Paris. In contrast, there is no significant relationship between neighbourhood income and IM in London or Tokyo.ConclusionsDespite programmes to reduce IM inequalities at national and local levels, these persist in New York. Until the early part of this century, none of the other cities experienced a relationship between neighbourhood income and IM, but growing income inequalities within Paris have changed this situation.Policy implicationsPolicy‐makers in these cities should focus on better understanding the social and economic factors associated with neighbourhood inequalities in IM.
Predictors of planned caesarean section births in a sample of Romanian women
Authors: Blaga Oana M. , Hentes Emanuel , Ungureanu Marius I. , Forray Alina I. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesRomania has one of the highest incidences of births by caesarean section (CS) in the European Union (EU). The present study aims to identify the possible predictors of planned caesarean section (PCS) in a convenience sample of Romanian women.MethodsThis is a secondary analysis of the cross‐sectional data collected as part of the EU‐level Babies Born Better online survey from 1908 Romanian women who gave birth between 2013 and 2018. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were performed to identify the potential individual and health system‐level predictors of PCS.ResultsPCS was reported by 36.7% (n = 657) of the women. In the multivariable regression model, older maternal age (aOR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.07–1.14) and presence of medical or non‐medical problems during pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.31–2.12) were significantly associated with PCS. Conversely, birth at a very high level of competence hospital was inversely associated with PCS (aOR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.30–0.76).ConclusionsOur findings indicate that PCS may be associated with both individual and health system‐level variables. Our results are significant because they could be used to inform decision‐making processes aimed at lowering PCS incidence.
Quality of nursing care in Saudi's healthcare transformation era: A nursing perspective
Authors: Alkorashy Hanan A. , Al‐Hothaly Wejdan Ahmed 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Kingdom of Saudi Arabia corporates performance improvement strategies in health sector to transform hospital operations and instituting a culture of quality through performance improvement initiatives. Quality of nursing care (QNC) is a concern for nursing professionals and administration. Donabedian's ‘Quality‐of‐Care’ framework plays a vital role in transforming nursing care and determining appropriate intervention development and implementation plans.AimTo explore the nurses' perception for the QNC and find their perspectives in achievements and gaps by adopting the Donabedian model.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted on a convenience sample of 639 nurses from a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia using Karen‐personnel instrument for measuring QNC. The achievements and gaps in nursing care quality determined by redistributing Karen statements to the three dimensions of the Donabedian structure, process and outcome model.FindingsThe nurses' overall perception of the QNC was positive. According to the Donabedian model, the nurses focussed on care procedures (i.e., process‐oriented) and required resources (i.e., structure‐oriented), although the transformation era requires nurses' performance to focus on the outcome dimension.ConclusionTo activate the vital roles of nurses in accomplishing health transformation initiatives, there should be collaborative efforts among nursing managers, educators and policy‐makers to sustain quality of structure, process and outcome‐oriented nursing care and be more outcome‐oriented.
Subsurface shape factor for surface irrigation hydraulics
Authors: Seyedzadeh Amin , Panahi Amir , Maroufpoor Eisa , Merkley Gary P. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAn improved analytic solution is presented to estimate soil water infiltration by surface irrigation methods through a more rigorous determination of the subsurface shape factor, as applied in volume‐balance models. Based on the results of this analysis and by averaging the shape factor of previously published equations, a new relationship is presented, with a maximum error of 0.036%. Also, the effect of these relationships on the empirical parameters for the Kostiakov–Lewis equation and the water infiltration depth were evaluated. Based on this evaluation, the relative error difference of the infiltration depth of the actual subsurface shape factor value and the new relationship was less than 0.01%. Given the high accuracy of the proposed methodology and the simplicity of its form, this relationship is recommended for use in practical work to predict surface irrigation hydraulic performance and irrigation application efficiency.
Students' conception of local responses to global problems for a more peaceful and sustainable world: A collaborative education project between Brazil, Canada, Qatar, and New Zealand
Authors: Wilby Kyle John , Black Emily K. , Benetoli Arcelio , Paravattil Bridget 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe concept of global citizenship aims to prepare learners to be able to function and be competitive within a global environment. Successful learners may effectively “think globally” but “act locally,” aiming to contribute to positive global change.ObjectiveThe goal of this project was to develop research‐informed curricular content for global citizenship tailored to pharmacy students using a pre‐established pedagogical framework. The intended learning outcome for the content was for students to “generate local responses to global problems for a more peaceful and sustainable world.”MethodsThis study occurred over three phases. Phase 1 consisted of semi‐structured interviews with practicing pharmacists in Brazil (n = 4), Canada (n = 4), New Zealand (n = 4), and Qatar (n = 4) to identify global issues for case development. Phase 2 consisted of pilot testing developed cases from Phase 1 via individual interviews with target students in Canada (n = 2) and a focus group in New Zealand (n = 5). Phase 3 consisted of implementation of a 1.5‐hours teaching event in New Zealand using the refined case material and formative assessment of final‐year pharmacy students (n = 120).ResultsPhase 1 resulted in five case scenarios (antimicrobial resistance, drug shortages, ocean pollution, climate change, and rise of nationalism) across three categories (global health and wellbeing, climate and environment, and geopolitics and power) that were tested and refined in Phase 2. Phase 3 resulted in student groups being able to achieve the intended learning outcome on a median of 4 (range, 2‐5) of the developed cases. Students' interventions included new dispensing models, use of technology, community engagement, education initiatives, and others.ConclusionFindings support the notion that when tasked to “think globally,” students are able to “act locally” by designing pharmacy practice interventions to reduce the impact of political, environmental, and health‐related global problems.
Microplastics alter feeding strategies of a coral reef organism
Authors: Joppien Marlena , Westphal Hildegard , Stuhr Marleen , Doo Steve S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIncreasing marine microplastic pollution has detrimentally impacted organismal physiology and ecosystem functioning. While previous studies document negative effects of microplastics on coral reef animals, the potential responses of organisms such as large benthic foraminifera (LBF) are largely unknown. Here, we document the impact of microplastics on heterotrophic feeding behavior of LBF. Specimens of Amphistegina gibbosa were incubated in three experimental treatments: (1) Artemia sp. nauplii only; (2) pristine microplastic particles only; and (3) choice of nauplii and pristine microplastic. Feeding responses were evaluated 24 h after initiation of treatments. A separate experiment was conducted to compare the effect of conditioned vs. pristine microplastic. Our results indicate that A. gibbosa is able to selectively feed on Artemia, avoiding interactions with pristine microplastic. However, the presence of conditioned microplastic causes similar feeding interaction rates as with Artemia. This suggests that microplastics with longer residence times may have a larger impact on facultative detritivores.
Toward bio‐optical phenotyping of reef‐forming corals using Light‐Induced FluorescenceTransient‐FastRepetition Rate fluorometry
Authors: Suggett David J. , Nitschke Matthew R. , Hughes David J. , Bartels Natasha , Camp Emma F. , Dilernia Nicole , Edmondson John , Fitzgerald Sage , Grima Amanda , Sage Ayla , Warner Mark E. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractActive chlorophyllafluorometry is a well‐established tool for noninvasively diagnosing coral functional state, but has not yet been developed as a rapid phenotyping (functional screening) platform as for agriculture and forestry. Here, we present a proof‐of‐concept using Light‐Induced Fluorescence Transient‐Fast Repetition Rate fluorometry (LIFT‐FRRf) to identify coral photobiological‐based phenotypes in the context of rapidly scaling coral propagation practices on the northern Great Barrier Reef. For example, resolving light niche plasticity to inform transplantation, and identifying functionally diverse colonies to maximize stock selection. We first used optically diverse laboratory‐reared corals and coral endosymbiont (Symbiodiniaceae) isolates to develop a phenotyping approach integrating FRRf instantaneous kinetic parameters (light harvesting, electron turnover rates) and light‐dependent parameters (dynamic “quenching” terms, saturating light intensity [EK]). Subsequent field‐based LIFT‐FRRf phenotyping of coral from a selective (2‐4 m depth) reef habitat revealed that widely topographically dispersed platingAcroporataxa exhibited broad light niche plasticity (EKvariance) underpinned by multiple phenotypes that were predominantly differentiated by minimum electron turnover capacity; fluorometer configurations that cannot resolve kinetic parameters will thus likely have more limited capacity to resolve phenotypes. As such, platingAcroporahave broad propagation potential in terms of multiple functional variants for stock and across diverse light environments (growth, transplantation). In contrast, coral taxa (Pocillopora verrucosa,Echinopora lamellosa) with relatively restricted topographic dispersion exhibited less light niche plasticity and only single phenotypes, thereby imposing more constraints for propagation. We discuss the core technical, operational, and conceptual steps required to develop more sophisticated coral phenotyping platforms.
Designing Boron‐Based Single‐Ion Gel Polymer Electrolytes for Lithium Batteries by Photopolymerization
Authors: Alvarez‐Tirado Marta , Guzmán‐González Gregorio , Vauthier Soline , Cotte Stéphane , Guéguen Aurélie , Castro Laurent , Mecerreyes David 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSingle‐ion lithium conducting polymer electrolytes based on delocalized borate groups are designed and synthesized by rapid UV‐photopolymerization. For this purpose, three different functional lithium boron sp3 anionic monomers, containing fluorinated, ethoxy, or a blend of both functionalities are synthesized. These monomers are photopolymerized in the presence of a poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate crosslinker and tetraglyme as plasticizer. By this method, gel polymer electrolytes endowed with lithium single‐ion conduction are prepared (SIGPEs). The impact generated by the different functionalities of the borate groups and the addition of plasticizer on the electrochemical and ion conducting properties of the synthesized polymer electrolytes are analyzed in detail. These polymer electrolytes show high ionic conductivity (1.71 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 25 °C) and high lithium transference number values (up to 0.85). Finally, they are investigated as solid electrolytes in lithium metal symmetrical cells showing good performance (<0.85 V at ±0.2 mA cm−2 for 175 h).
Features Differ Between Paroxysmal Kinesigenic Dyskinesia Patients with PRRT2 and TMEM151A Variants
Authors: Chen Yu‐Lan , Chen Dian‐Fu , Li Hong‐Fu , Wu Zhi‐Ying 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundMutations in proline‐rich transmembrane protein 2 (PRRT2) are the major cause of paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD). We recently reported transmembrane protein 151A (TMEM151A) mutations caused PKD. Herein, we aimed to conduct phenotypic comparisons of patients with PKD carrying PRRT2 variants, carrying TMEM151A variants, and carrying neither the PRRT2 nor TMEM151A variant.MethodsSanger sequencing of PRRT2 and TMEM151A was performed, and phenotypic characteristics were analyzed.ResultsIn a cohort of 131 PKD probands (108 without PRRT2 variants and 23 newly recruited), five novel TMEM151A variants were identified and one (c.647C > A) occurred de novo. Together with our previous studies, PRRT2 and TMEM151A variants accounted for 34.7% (85/245) and 6.9% (17/245) of PKD probands, respectively. Compared with patients carrying PRRT2 variants, those with TMEM151A variants tended to exbibit dystonia with shorter durations, have no history of benign infantile epilepsy, and have residual attacks/aura when treated with carbamazepine/oxcarbazepine.ConclusionsPatients with TMEM151A variants have different features from patients with PRRT2 variants. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Mutations in exon region of BRCA1‐related RING domain 1 gene and risk of breast cancer
Authors: Wu Jun , Aini Alibiati , Ma Binlin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundBRCA1‐associated RING Domain 1 (BARD1) is an important gene related to breast cancer development. However, the role of BARD1 mutations in breast cancer remains inconclusive. This study is to investigate the relationship between exon mutations of BARD1 gene and the risk of early‐onset breast cancer.MethodsTotally, 60 cases of early‐onset breast cancer patients (age 30–40 years) and 240 healthy women (age 30–40 years) were enrolled. Exon mutations of BARD1 were detected and analyzed by direct sequencing and SNaPshot.ResultsThe risk of breast cancer was increased by 3.475 times in carriers with deletion mutation at rs28997575 site of BARD1 (aOR1 = 3.475, 95%CI = 1.302–9.276) (p = 0.013). The risk of breast cancer in carriers with GC genotype at rs2229571 site of BARD1 was reduced by 72.6% (aOR1 = 0.274, 95%CI = 0.134–0.562) (p = 0.001), and that in carriers with CC genotype was reduced by 82.8% (aOR1 = 0.172, 95%CI = 0.076–0.392) (p = 0.001). After stratification with family history, the difference of rs2229571 site mutation genotype was statistically significant (OR = −2.169, 95%CI = 0.016–0.828, p = 0.032). Additionally, the frequency distribution of breast cancer family history in the case group (15%) was significantly more than that in the control group (6.7%) (p = 0.037).ConclusionThe deletion mutation at rs28997575 locus of the BARD1 gene can significantly increase the risk of breast cancer. The mutation genotype of rs2229571 locus can significantly reduce the risk of breast cancer. Family history is associated with BARD1 gene polymorphism. A family history of breast cancer may be a risk factor for breast cancer.
Recent developments of temperature‐responsive polymers for ophthalmic applications
Authors: Ow Valerie , Loh Xian Jun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBlindness is one of the most feared disabilities. From cataracts and glaucoma to age‐related macular degeneration and retinal vascular diseases, ocular diseases have adverse impacts on patients and pose a huge burden to the healthcare system. The World Health Organization estimates that out of 2.2 billion people with visual impairment, almost half of the cases can be prevented or has yet to be addressed. This presents an urgent clinical and societal need to be met. Temperature‐sensitive hydrogels are one of the most biocompatible materials, which can be applied into the eye. By exploiting physiological temperature as a stimulus for in situ gel formation, control of the mechanical properties, rate of drug release, and biomechanical interactions can be tuned. They are very versatile and have immense potential in ocular applications by acting as vitreous substitutes in retinal surgery or topical eye drops and lenses for ocular discomfort and inflammation. In this article, we provide a review of the recent developments in temperature‐responsive polymers in ophthalmic therapy in the past 5 years including retinal detachment, retinal vascular diseases, dry eyes, cataracts, age‐related macular degeneration, and glaucoma.
The benefits and consequences of the COVID‐19 pandemic for patients diagnosed with cancer and their family caregivers
Authors: Steel Jennifer L. , Amin Aarshati , Peyser Tristen , Olejniczak Donna , Antoni Michael , Carney Maureen , Tillman Emily , Hecht Carol Lynn , Pandya Niva , Miceli Jessica , Reyes Vincent , Nilsen Marci , Johnson Jonas , Kiefer Gauri , Pappu Bhanu , Zandberg Dan P. , Geller David A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe objectives of this study were to examine benefits and consequences of the COVID‐19 pandemic for patients diagnosed with cancer and their family caregivers.MethodsA 23‐item questionnaire assessing COVID‐19‐related issues, the Patient Health Questionnaire‐2, Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐2, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)‐4 were administered to patients diagnosed with cancer and their family caregivers.ResultsOf the 161 patients and 78 caregivers who participated, 38.1% and 32.8 were male, 95% and 84.6% Caucasian, and the mean age was 66 and 64.6 years, respectively. A total of 16.5% and 15.2% reported depressive symptoms, 18.4% and 19% reported anxiety; 35.5% and 26.6% reported poor sleep quality, and 66% and 63.3% scored one standard deviation above the norms for the PSS, respectively. Predictors of poorer patient‐ and caregiver‐reported outcomes included greater loneliness, worry about self or family being infected by the COVID‐19, and worsening relationships with family. The fear of COVID‐19 led to 20.8% of patients and 24.4% of family caregivers cancelling medical appointments, procedures, and treatments. A total of 52.5% of patients and 53.2% caregivers reported that the pandemic led to benefit finding but these changes were not associated with any of the measured patient‐ or caregiver‐related outcomes.ConclusionsPsychological functioning for patients and caregivers was similar to that of pre‐pandemic levels, however the decrease in health care utilization secondary to fear of COVID‐19 was notable. While there were many negative effects of the pandemic, the majority of patients and caregivers reported some benefit to the pandemic.