bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cerebral laterality of writing in right‐ and left‐handers: A functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound study
Authors: Papadatou‐Pastou Marietta , Sampanis Panagiotis , Koumzis Ioannis , Stefanopoulou Sofia , Sousani Dionysia , Tsigkou Athina , Badcock Nicholas A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe cerebral lateralization of written language has received very limited research attention in comparison to the wealth of studies on the cerebral lateralization of oral language. The purpose of the present study was to further our understanding of written language lateralization, by elucidating the relative contribution of language and motor functions. We compared written word generation with a task that has equivalent visuomotor demands but does not include language: the repeated drawing of symbols. We assessed cerebral laterality using functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound (fTCD), a non‐invasive, perfusion‐sensitive neuroimaging technique in 23 left‐ and 31 right‐handed participants. Findings suggest that the linguistic aspect of written word generation recruited more left‐hemispheric areas during writing, in right‐handers compared to left‐handers. This difference could be explained by greater variability in cerebral laterality patterns within left‐handers or the possibility that the areas subserving language in left‐handers are broader than in right‐handers. Another explanation is that the attentional demands of the more novel symbol copying task (compared to writing) contributed more right‐hemispheric activation in right‐handers, but this could not be captured in left‐handers due to ceiling effects. Future work could investigate such attentional demands using both simple and complex stimuli in the copying condition.
Immunosuppressant and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: optimal treatment duration and risk of discontinuation
Authors: Li Rui , Li Cong , Huang Qiao , Liu Zifeng , Chen Jingjing , Zhang Bingjun , Liu Chunxin , Shu Yaqing , Wang Yuge , Kermode Allan G. , Qiu Wei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and purposePreventing relapse by immunosuppressants (ISs) is critical for the prognosis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD); however, the optimal duration of IS treatment is still under discussion. The objective was to explore the optimal duration of IS treatment and the risk of IS discontinuation for NMOSD.MethodThis cohort study was conducted at a major neurological center that housed the largest NMOSD database in South China. Eligible participants were patients with NMOSD undergoing IS treatment. The main outcome measures were changes in relapse risk based on IS treatment duration, clinical outcomes and predictors of relapse following IS discontinuation.ResultsIn total, 343 patients were included in this study. The duration of IS treatment was strongly associated with a decrease in relapse risk (hazard ratio [HR] 0.53, p < 0.001). Continuous IS treatment resulted in decreased relapse HRs within 5 years of receiving IS medication, with a mild rebound starting at 5 years. Rituximab reduced the risk of NMOSD relapse to approximately zero within 3 years. The rate of relapse after IS withdrawal was high (77.5%). As opposed to other ISs, a delayed relapse following rituximab withdrawal was observed in this study. Longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis (HR = 2.023, p = 0.006) was associated with a higher risk of relapse after IS discontinuation.ConclusionsLong‐term IS medication for NMOSD is generally suitable. Patients with longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis had a higher risk of relapse after IS discontinuation. Future studies should explore individualized strategies of rituximab maintenance treatment.
IL‐17A is a pertinent therapeutic target for moderate‐to‐severe hidradenitis suppurativa: Combined results from a pre‐clinical and phase II proof‐of‐concept study
Authors: Kimball Alexa B. , Loesche Christian , Prens Errol P. , Bechara Falk G. , Weisman Jamie , Rozenberg Izabela , Jarvis Philip , Peters Thomas , Roth Lukas , Wieczorek Grazyna , Kolbinger Frank , Jemec Gregor B. E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHidradenitis Suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, recurrent, inflammatory, follicular skin disease whose pathology is complex and not fully understood. The objective of this study was to elucidate the role of IL‐17A in moderate‐to‐severe HS. Transcriptomic and histological analyses were conducted on ex vivo HS (n = 19; lesional and non‐lesional) and healthy control (n = 8) skin biopsies. Further, a Phase II exploratory, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study was carried out in moderate‐to‐severe HS patients. Patients were treated with either CJM112 300 mg (n = 33), a fully human anti‐IL‐17A IgG1/κ monoclonal antibody, or placebo (n = 33). The main outcome of the translational analyses was to identify IL‐17A‐producing cells and indications of IL‐17A activity in HS lesional skin. The primary objective of the clinical study was to determine the efficacy of CJM112 in moderate‐to‐severe HS patients by HS‐Physician Global Assessment (HS‐PGA) responder rate at Week 16. Transcriptomic and histopathologic analyses revealed the presence of heterogeneous cell types in HS lesional skin; IL‐17A gene signatures were increased in HS lesional vs non‐lesional or healthy skin. High expression of IL‐17A was localized to T cells, neutrophils, and mast cells, confirming the transcriptional data. Clinically, the proportion of Week 16 HS‐PGA responders was significantly higher (p = 0.03) in the CJM112 group vs placebo (32.3% vs 12.5%). This study elucidated the role of the IL‐17A pathway in HS pathogenesis and clinically validated the IL‐17A pathway in moderate‐to‐severe HS patients in a proof‐of‐concept study using the anti‐IL‐17A‐specific antibody CJM112.
Spectroscopic investigations of Dy3+‐doped tungstate–tellurite glasses for solid‐state lighting applications
Authors: Vikas  , Jayasimhadri Mula , Haranath Divi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA series of Dy3+‐activated lithium–tungstate–tellurite (LTT) glasses have been synthesized employing a conventional melt quenching procedure. The structural and luminescent features of LTT glasses were examined in detail to reveal their feasibility in solid‐state lighting (SSL) applications. Various physical parameters such as density, molar volume, and other parameters were evaluated. A broad hump showed in the X‐ray diffraction profile affirms the non‐crystalline or amorphous behavior of the as‐prepared LTT glasses. The absorption spectrum exhibits several bands between the 400 and 1800 nm range, which confirms that the transitions initiate from the lowest energy state (6H15/2) to numerous excited states. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra reveal three significant peaks centered at 481 (blue), 575 (yellow), and 664 nm (red) related to Dy3+ ions under 388 nm excitation. The chromaticity coordinates of LTT glasses were situated in the white light region and nearest to the standard white light (0.33, 0.33). The decay profile shows the biexponential behavior of the prepared LTT (x = 0.1, 1.0, and 2.0 mol%) glasses. Temperature‐dependent PL spectra show appreciable thermal constancy of the prepared LTT glasses having a high value of activation energy. The previous results indicate that Dy3+‐doped tungstate–tellurite glasses are potential luminescent materials to utilize in SSL applications, especially for white light‐emitting diodes.
Assessment of the need of a waiting period after pulmonary vein isolation with the ablation index software
Authors: Sousa Pedro A. , Barra Sérgio , Adão Luís , Primo João , Khoueiry Ziad , Puga Luís , Lebreiro Ana , Fonseca Paulo , Lagrange Philippe , Gonçalves Lino ,   Study Group Members
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeSince the widespread availability of contact‐force sensing catheters, the need for a waiting period after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) has not been reassessed. We aim to evaluate whether a waiting period is still necessary after PVI guided by the ablation Index (AI).MethodsProspective, multicenter, randomized study of consecutive patients referred for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation from May 2019 to February 2020. Patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to PVI with versus without a waiting period of 20 min. Acute pulmonary vein (PV) reconnection after adenosine challenge was the primary endpoint. A per‐protocol analysis was designed to determine whether a strategy of dismissing the waiting period after PVI was noninferior to waiting for 20 min for identifying acute PV reconnection. PVI was guided by tailored AI values and an interlesion distance ≤6 mm.ResultsDuring the enrollment period, 167 patients (56% males, mean age of 57 ± 14 years) fulfilled the study inclusion criteria – 84 patients (308 PV) in the waiting period group (Group A) and 83 patients (314 PV) in the group without a waiting period (Group B). Acute PV reconnection was identified in 3.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7%–5.9%) of PVs in the study group B compared to 2.9% (95% CI, 1.0%–4.8%) of PVs in the Group A (p = .002 for non‐inferiority). At 1‐year follow‐up, there was no significant difference in arrhythmia recurrence between groups (9.5% in Group A vs. 9.6% in Group B, hazard ratio: 1.03 [95% CI, 0.39–2.73], p = .98).ConclusionIn paroxysmal AF patients submitted to ablation, a tailored PVI guided by the AI rendered a 20‐min waiting period unnecessary.
Distribution of atrial low voltage induced by vein of Marshall ethanol infusion
Authors: Kamakura Tsukasa , André Clémentine , Duchateau Josselin , Nakashima Takashi , Nakatani Yosuke , Takagi Takamitsu , Krisai Philipp , Ascione Ciro , Balbo Conrado , Tixier Romain , Chauvel Rémi , Cheniti Ghassen , Kusano Kengo , Cochet Hubert , Denis Arnaud , Sacher Frédéric , Hocini Mélèze , Jaïs Pierre , Haïssaguerre Michel , Derval Nicolas , Pambrun Thomas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionSystematic and quantitative descriptions of vein of Marshall (VOM)‐induced tissue ablation are lacking. We sought to characterize the distribution of low voltage observed in the left atrium (LA) after VOM ethanol infusion.Methods and ResultsThe distribution of ethanol‐induced low voltage was evaluated by comparing high‐density maps performed before and after VOM ethanol infusion in 114 patients referred for atrial fibrillation ablation. The two most frequently impacted segments were the inferior portion of the ridge (82.5%) and the first half of the mitral isthmus (pulmonary vein side) (92.1%). Low‐voltage absence in these typical areas resulted from inadvertent ethanol infusion in the left atrial appendage vein (n = 3), initial VOM dissection (n = 3), or a “no branches” VOM morphology (n = 1). Visible anastomosis of the VOM with roof or posterior veins more frequently resulted in low‐voltage extension beyond typical areas, toward the entire left antrum (19.0% vs. 1.9%, p = .0045) or the posterior LA (39.7% vs. 3.8%, p < .001) but with a limited positive predictive value ranging from 29.4% to 43.5%. Ethanol‐induced low voltage covered a median LA surface of 3.6% (1.9%–5.0%) and did not exceed 8% of the LA surface in 90% of patients.ConclusionVOM ethanol infusion typically locates at the inferior ridge and the adjacent half of the mitral isthmus. Low‐voltage extensions can be anticipated but not guaranteed by the presence of visible anastomosis of the VOM with roof or posterior veins.
Ontogenetic shift in diet and trophic role of Raja clavata inferred by stable isotopes and stomach content analysis in the Sea of Marmara
Authors: Gül Güzin , Demirel Nazli 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTrophic ecology studies on predator–prey interactions reveal insights into ecological communities and help understand a species’ role in the food web by contributing to improved fisheries management and conservation capabilities. Understanding the ecological role of overexploited and endangered predators is essential to deciphering how their feeding behaviour influences food web dynamics. In this study, the authors investigated the feeding behaviour of the common and IUCN‐listed Near Threatened (NT) thornback ray Raja clavata, using carbon and nitrogen stable isotope and stomach content analysis (SCA). It has recently suffered an 87% decline in reported catches from the Sea of Marmara within the last decade. These results show that thornback ray mainly feeds on teleost species, except in summer, with both methods showing this species changes its diet ontogenetically by SCA. This ontogenetic diet shift was at lengths 40–50 cm by changing group preferences from Crustacea to Teleostei. MixSIAR results showed that both adult and juvenile individuals of R. clavata feed mainly on the crustaceans, but the contribution of teleosts represented by Trachurus sp. was very low (<15%). The trophic position increased total length and was higher than other batoid species in the Sea of Marmara.
Urinary calculi in larvae of striped trumpeter, Latris lineata
Authors: Dias Valera L. , Battaglene Stephen C. , Cobcroft Jennifer M. , Goemann Karsten , Nowak Barbara F. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractUrinary calculi are observed in some cultured marine fish larvae and may negatively impact larval health and survival. This study assessed urinary calculi in striped trumpeter Latris lineata larvae from hatching to 28 days post‐hatching (dph). The prevalence of urinary calculi was variable over time and ranged from 15% to 50%, whereas the average size of calculi increased with larval age. Urinary calculi were semi‐translucent, light cream to white colour with irregular morphology and a uniform internal structure. The calculi resulted in pressure atrophy causing a distended epithelium of the urinary bladder of fish with calculi. The calculi were predominantly formed of calcium hydrogen phosphate (CaHPO4). Routine assessment of the prevalence of urinary calculi in marine fish larvae is recommended, along with other parameters, to monitor larval quality and inform hatchery management actions.
Patients living with dementia have worse outcomes when undergoing high‐risk procedures
Authors: Shah Samir K. , Adler Rachel R. , Xiang Lingwei , Clark Clancy J. , Cooper Zara , Finlayson Emily , Kim Dae Hyun , Lin Kueiyu Joshua , Lipsitz Stuart R. , Weissman Joel S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients with Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) undergoing inpatient procedures represent a population at elevated risk for adverse outcomes including postoperative complications, mortality, and discharge to a higher level of care. Outcomes may be particularly poor in patients with ADRD undergoing high‐risk procedures. We sought to determine traditional (e.g., 30‐day mortality) and patient‐centered (e.g., discharge disposition) outcomes in patients with ADRD undergoing high‐risk inpatient procedures.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study analyzed electronic health records linked to fee‐for‐service Medicare claims data at a tertiary care academic health system. All patients from a large multi‐hospital health system undergoing high‐risk inpatient procedures from October 1, 2015 to September 30, 2017 with continuous Medicare Parts A and B enrollment in the 12 months prior to and 90 days following the procedure were included.ResultsThis study included 6779 patients. 536 (7.9%) had ADRD. A multivariable analysis of outcomes demonstrated higher risks for postoperative complications (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.23–1.81) and 90‐day mortality (OR 1.44 [95% CI 1.09–1.91]) in patients with ADRD compared to those without. Patients with ADRD were more likely to be discharged to a higher level of care (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.32–2.18) and only 37.3% of patients admitted from home were discharged to home.ConclusionsCompared to those without ADRD, patients living with ADRD undergoing high‐risk procedures have poor traditional and patient‐centered outcomes including increased risks for 90‐day mortality, postoperative complications, longer hospital lengths of stay, and discharge to a higher level of care. These data may be used by patients, their surrogates, and their physicians to help align surgical decision‐making with health care goals.
ToTEM: A software for fast TEM image simulation
Authors: Yuan P. J. , Wu K. P. , Chen S. W. , Zhang D. L. , Jin C. H. , Yao Y. , Lin F. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractToTEM, a multislice‐based image simulation software is developed for transmission electron microscope (TEM). This software implements the following major features: (i) capability of assigning three‐dimensional potentials of atom into multiple slices and precise introduction of phase shift caused by the sub‐pixel atomic position, (ii) employing CUDA coding and graphical processing units (GPU) with multithreading parallel algorithm based on the powerful batch (inverse) fast Fourier transform (FFT), which is especially beneficial for image simulation of scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) or (integrated) differential phase contrast (I)DPC, (iii) design for efficiently generating large batch of data set of high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images. Image simulation acceleration for STEM has been verified by simulating a large‐scale SrTiO3. Additionally, iDPC image of MFI‐type zeolites with xylene molecules encapsulated in straight channels demonstrates the advantage of iDPC in detecting light molecules.
Randomised comparative study on the efficacy of 3% versus 30% NaCl solution in the treatment of umbilical granuloma
Authors: Janyoungsak Pornpimon , Emrat Kanuengnit , Chatmapanrangsee Jidapa , Nuntnarumit Pracha 
Published: May 2022

AimThis study aimed to compare the efficacy of 3% versus 30% NaCl solution in treating umbilical granuloma (UG) and to evaluate parental satisfaction.MethodsA randomised, double‐blinded, comparative study in neonates with UG was conducted. Stratified, block‐of‐four randomisation was used to allocate neonates into two groups, treated with 3% or 30% pharmaceutical‐grade NaCl solution, three times daily. The time to resolution was determined by daily photographs of UG and weekly hospital visits. If there was no response after 2 weeks, silver nitrate was used. Parental satisfaction was measured on a rating scale of 1–5.ResultsOne hundred neonates were enrolled, 48 in the 3% NaCl group and 52 in the 30% NaCl group. Baseline demographic data were not different between the groups. There was no significant difference in the resolution rate (93.8% vs 98.1%) or the median (interquartile range) time to resolution (7 (5–13) vs 7 (4–11) days) between the 3% and 30% NaCl groups, respectively. No skin burn or cellulitis was detected. About 95% of parents scored >4 for satisfaction.ConclusionsHypertonic NaCl solution is highly effective in treating UG without side effects. Hypertonic NaCl solution should be considered as an alternative treatment for UG.
Prevalence of Vibrio coralliilyticus in stony coral Porites sp. in the Gulf of Aqaba, Jordan
Authors: Al-Karablieh N. , Al-Horani F.A. , Alnaimat S. , Abu Zarga M.H. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to assess the health of stony coral Porites sp. based on the presence of bacterial pathogens, specifically Vibrio coralliilyticus, in the Gulf of Aqaba, and to assess the impact of anthropogenic activities on Porites sp. Porites sp. specimens were collected from the Marine Science Station (MSS) and a public beach (Yamanyeh) in Jordan. Mucus, water and sediment samples were collected throughout the year. The Vibrio-like population was higher in diseased samples than in healthy samples and was slightly higher in Yamanyeh than in MSS in all the samples. In samples from both sites, there was a seasonal variation in the Vibrio-like population, with a decline in population as the temperature reduced. All samples contained virulent isolates clustered with V. coralliilyticus strains. Inoculation of healthy Porites sp. fragments with virulent isolates and V. coralliilyticus strain caused bleaching of the coral after 48 h. Therefore, V. coralliilyticus represents a pathogenic agent which may contribute to bleaching in Porites sp. in the Gulf of Aqaba and may not be affected considerably by anthropogenic activities. This is the first report of a bacterial pathogen of corals in Jordan; future studies should identify other coral pathogens in this region.
Information‐theoretic model of induced technical change: Theory and empirics
Authors: Yang Jangho 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe paper develops an information‐theoretic model of induced technical change where payoff‐maximizing agents are exposed to a positive degree of uncertainty when adopting new technology due to unobserved cost factors. The derived equilibrium of the model comes in the form of a non‐degenerate probability distribution that defines the distance of productivity growth from the potential maximum growth on the innovation possibilities frontier, often called the technical inefficiency function (TIF) in the frontier estimation literature. Many forms of the TIF are shown to be derived by specifying a particular functional form of the payoff function in our model. The paper estimates the innovation possibilities frontier and the TIF using the KLEMS data for 1995–2015 and documents the time evolution and sectoral heterogeneity of the innovation possibilities frontier.
A qualitative study of medical students' perceptions of resident feedback
Authors: Wong Shannon N. , Luo Cong (John) , MacDonald Graham , Hatala Rose 
Published: May 2022

AbstractContextResidents play a pivotal role in medical students' clinical education. From a feedback lens, the near‐peer relationship between student and resident holds the potential to foster an educational alliance that could influence learning. We undertook the current qualitative study to explore medical students' perceptions of feedback experiences with residents, addressing when, how and why (and conversely when not and why not) resident feedback plays a role in their clinical education.MethodsOur methodology was qualitative interpretive description, informed by phenomenology. We conducted 24 semi‐structured interviews with third and fourth year medical students at one institution. The interviews aimed to foster rich discussion about students' feedback experiences with residents during clinical rotations. Data collection and analysis proceeded iteratively. Initial interviews were independently open‐coded by three investigators and then collaboratively refined. Codes were applied to subsequent interviews, and new codes were developed. During the final stages of analysis, we organised our themes by drawing on a sociocultural perspective to examine students' perceptions of relationship‐building with residents and when and how this influenced feedback and learning.ResultsFrom the students' perspectives, when residents contributed to building interpersonal relationships with students, this in turn influenced students' receptivity to both encouraging and constructive feedback conversations. In the context of resident–student relationships that were perceived as supportive, resident feedback influenced how students approached learning and working in the clinical environment, as well as students' visions of their future selves. In unsupportive relationships, students were less inclined to engage in feedback with residents and students noted resident behaviours that they wanted to avoid in themselves.ConclusionResidents are uniquely positioned to create a strong educational alliance with students in which feedback conversations can flourish. Focusing educational efforts on resident feedback conversations has the potential to significantly impact the feedback culture of our clinical environments.