bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design methodologies to determine optimal staging of membrane-aerated biofilm reactors for mainstream treatment with anammox
Authors: Wagner Brett M. , Daigger Glen T. , Love Nancy. G. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPartial nitritation anammox (PNA) membrane-aerated biofilm reactors (MABRs) can be used in mainstream nitrogen removal to help facilities reduce their energy consumption. Previous PNA MABR research has not investigated the impacts of staging, i.e. arraying MABRs in series, on their nitrogen removal performance, operation, and ability to suppress nitrite oxidizing bacteria. In this paper, a mathematical model simulated PNA MABR performance at different influent total ammonia concentrations and loadings. A design methodology for staging PNA MABRs was created and found that the amount of membrane surface area is dependent upon the total ammonia-nitrogen concentration and loading, and the air loading to the membrane must be proportional to the total ammonia-nitrogen loading to maximize the total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) removal rate. This led to approximately equal-sized stages that each had a TIN removal percentage of 71% of the influent total ammonia nitrogen. Staging a treatment train resulted in 9.8% larger total ammonia and 9.3% larger total nitrogen removal rates when compared with an un-staged reactor. The un-staged reactor also was not able to produce an effluent total ammonia concentration below 5 mg N/L which would be necessary for many facilities’ permits.
Phosphotyrosyl-Based Motifs in the Structure-Based Design of Protein­ Tyrosine Kinase-Dependent Signal Transduction Inhibitors
Authors: Burke, Jr. Terrence R. , Yao Zhu-Jun , Smyth Mark S. , Yet Bin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Transmission of extracellular signals from the cell membrane to the nucJeus depends on modification of phosphorylation states of intracellular proteins. Tyrosine, serine and threonine residues are the principal amino acid targets of these phosphorylation events, with tyrosyl residues being particularly important for pathways mediated by growth factors and cytokines. Aberrations in phosphotyrosyl (pTyr)­ dependent signalling can contribute to a variety of diseases, including canc.ers, and for this reason selective modulation of pTyr-dependent signalling may afford new therapeutic approaches. The design of such therapeutics is facilitated by the functional compartmen­
talization of pTyr dependent signalling into three broad categories: ( l) the generation of pTyr residues by protein-tyrosine kinases (PTK); (2) pTyr-dependent protein-protein associations mediated by binding modules such as Src homology 2 (SH2) and phosphotyrosine binding (PTB) domains and (3) the dephosphorylation of pTyr residues by protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). The pTyr residue itself, which is a unifying component of this signalling triad, potentially affords a starting point for the design of antagonists. In the PTK, SH2/PTB and PTP domain signalling environments, the pTyr residue plays unique roles by participating in interactions characteristic to each. Therefore, depending on which aspects of the L-4'-phosphotyrosyl structure are emphasized, and the manner in which they are utilized, inhibitors can be potentially directed against distinct legs of the signalling triad. This review will provide examples of this, by examining several series of compounds that have been prepared as inhibitors of either PTKs, SH2/PTB domains or PTPs. Also described will be how the pTyr structure can serve as a thematic Rosetta stone for the development of signal transduction inhibitors.
Exploring Research Trends in Air-rail Passenger Transport Relationships Through a Content-based Analysis
Authors: Rattanakijsuntorn Waralee Peetawan , Sualoy Nitjanan , Pienpookhao Kittiwadee 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Air and rail passenger transport was initially considered to be competitive. However, as both modes have been developed, several other forms of relationships have been introduced and become more complicated, leading to the investigation of research trends in the air-rail passenger transport relationship.

Gap:
There are few studies on the relationships between air and rail passenger transport, lacking research synthesis application.

Aims:
This paper classifies and analyzes the relationships between air and rail passenger transport based on research publications between January 2006 and December 2020.

Objectives:
The objective of this study is 1) to investigate the possible forms of relationships the air-rail passenger transport based on existing studies, 2) to reveal research themes and trends, and 3) to propose research potentials in the air-rail passenger transport.

Methods:
The study uses a content-based analysis by deriving research articles from transportation and databases. A total of 472 articles were initially identified and screened. One hundred and forty-five articles were included in the final synthesis.

Results:
Air-rail relationships were categorized as a modal comparison, competition, cooperation, integration and influence. Research has been found to rely heavily on the mixture of modal competition, integration and influence. Furthermore, it has been pointed out that the influence between air and rail passenger transport has a one-way effect; air carriers are affected by the entrance of high-speed trains but not in a reverse direction. China has been an emerging context of this topic over the past five years and is likely to dominate the air-rail research due to its extensive high-speed rail networks and vast developments in large airports.

Conclusion:
In terms of the air-rail infrastructure development, it was suggested that modal cooperation was outdated due to lacking seamless connectivity features. Future research might explore the deficient research disciplines, including transport sustainability, business practices and tourism, as well as the impact of the coronavirus disease pandemic in reshaping the air-rail passenger transport industry.
Laws Governing Renewable Energy Production of Malaysia and Canada
Authors: Majid Efy Azirah , Mohd Faizal Nur Alia Zaheera , Mohd Fadzir Ain Nursyahirah , Rizal Siti Aishah 
Published: October 2022

The transition of the usage of fossil fuels to renewable energy after centuries of technological and economic support requires a set of efficient legal frameworks. Achieving widespread implementation of renewable energy involves substantial challenges, namely inefficiency of policies, lack of financial assistance, and unsecured economic instruments. Adopting the comparative method and research interviews, this research compares the comprehensiveness of the laws governing renewable energy in Malaysia with Canada. Further, to critically analyze the correlation on the effectiveness of legal frameworks on the production of renewable energy and to provide critical insight into the legal frameworks governing renewable energy in Malaysia.
Keywords: law; renewable energy; Malaysia; Canada
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under the responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians), and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7iSI8.3920
Meeting the Unmet Needs of Individuals With Mental Disorders: Scoping Review on Peer-to-Peer Web-Based Interactions
Authors: Storman Dawid , Jemioło Paweł , Swierz Mateusz Jan , Sawiec Zuzanna , Antonowicz Ewa , Prokop-Dorner Anna , Gotfryd-Burzyńska Marcelina , Bala Malgorzata M 
Published: October 2022

Background
An increasing number of online support groups are providing advice and information on topics related to mental health.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the needs that internet users meet through peer-to-peer interactions.

Methods
A search of 4 databases was performed until August 15, 2022. Qualitative or mixed methods (ie, qualitative and quantitative) studies investigating interactions among internet users with mental disorders were included. The φ coefficient was used and machine learning techniques were applied to investigate the associations between the type of mental disorders and web-based interactions linked to seeking help or support.

Results
Of the 13,098 identified records, 44 studies (analyzed in 54 study-disorder pairs) that assessed 82,091 users and 293,103 posts were included. The most frequent interactions were noted for people with eating disorders (14/54, 26%), depression (12/54, 22%), and psychoactive substance use disorders (9/54, 17%). We grouped interactions between users into 42 codes, with the empathy or compassion code being the most common (41/54, 76%). The most frequently coexisting codes were request for information and network (35 times; φ=0.5; P<.001). The algorithms that provided the best accuracy in classifying disorders by interactions were decision trees (44/54, 81%) and logistic regression (40/54, 74%). The included studies were of moderate quality.

Conclusions
People with mental disorders mostly use the internet to seek support, find answers to their questions, and chat. The results of this analysis should be interpreted as a proof of concept. More data on web-based interactions among these people might help apply machine learning methods to develop a tool that might facilitate screening or even support mental health assessment.
Early Learning From a Low-Resource COVID-Response Virtual Mental Health Crisis Ward: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Lee Katherine , Bolton Shay-Lee , Shterenberg Ravit , Bolton James M , Hensel Jennifer M 
Published: October 2022

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic was accompanied by the accelerated uptake of virtual care, leading to a proliferation of virtual ward models as alternatives to facility-based care. Early in the pandemic, our program implemented a virtual mental health crisis ward (vWard) to provide options for individuals requiring intense psychiatric and/or crisis support but who preferred to remain in the community and were deemed safe to do so.

Objective
The aim of this study was to identify early learnings from the vWard, which was implemented rapidly in a resource-constrained environment, to inform the future state should it be sustained beyond the pandemic.

Methods
Mixed methods of data collection were used to evaluate provider perspectives on the vWard, develop archetypes for individuals who are a good fit for the vWard model, and create a driver diagram. Data sources included an anonymous survey of clinical and managerial staff involved in the vWard, a service planning workshop, and program discharge forms for all individuals admitted between March 2020 and April 2021. Survey responses were coded for themes under categories of “benefits” and “challenges.” Discharge forms where the team indicated that the vWard was a good fit for an individual were examined for characteristics common to these admissions. These findings were reviewed in the service planning workshop and refined with input from the participants into patient archetypes. A driver diagram was created for the future state.

Results
Survey respondents (N=60) represented diverse roles in crisis services and the vWard team. Ten providers took part in the service planning workshop. A total of 467 discharge forms were reviewed. The vWard was felt to be a model that worked by 39 survey respondents, one respondent felt it did not work, and the remaining participants had no response. Several benefits for the individual and the system were identified alongside challenges, including certain processes and materials related to the nature of rapid implementation during the pandemic, and others due to lack of fit for certain individuals. The model was felt to be a good fit for 67.5% of admissions. Four patient archetypes representing a good fit with the model were developed. The driver diagram connected the program aim with primary drivers of (1) reduce barriers to care; (2) improve outcomes; and (3) provide collaborative, patient- and family-centered care to secondary drivers and interventions that leveraged virtual technology among other crisis care interventions.

Conclusions
Despite some challenges, the vWard demonstrated high levels of provider acceptance and a range of mechanisms by which the model works for a variety of patient archetypes. These early learnings provide a foundation for growth, sustainability, and spread of this model going forward beyond the pandemic.
Routine islet autoantibody testing in clinically diagnosed adult-onset type 1 diabetes can help identify misclassification and the possibility of successful insulin cessation.
Authors: Eason Russel J , Thomas Nicholas J. , Hill Anita V , Knight Bridget A , Carr Alice , T. Hattersley Andrew , McDonald Timothy J. , M. Shields Beverley , G. Jones Angus , group the StartRight Study 
Published: October 2022

<p> </p>
<p><strong>Objective</strong></p>
<p>Recent joint American and European diabetes association guidelines recommend routine islet autoantibody testing in all adults newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. We aimed to assess the impact of routine islet autoantibody testing in this population.</p>
<p><strong>Research Design and Methods</strong></p>
<p>We prospectively assessed the characteristics and progression (annual change in Urine C-peptide Creatinine Ratio (UCPCR)) associated with islet autoantibody status (GAD, IA-2 and ZNT8) in 722 adults (≥ 18 years old at diagnosis) with clinically diagnosed type 1 diabetes and duration <12 months. We also evaluated changes in treatment and glycaemia over 2 years after informing participants and their clinicians of autoantibody results.</p>
<p><strong>Results</strong></p>
<p>24.8% (179/722) of participants diagnosed with type 1 diabetes were autoantibody negative. This group had genetic and C-peptide characteristics suggestive of a high prevalence of non-autoimmune diabetes: lower mean type 1 diabetes genetic risk score (islet autoantibody negative versus positive: 10.85 vs 13.09 (<em>p</em><0.001) (type 2 diabetes 10.12)); lower annual change in C-peptide (UCPCR) -24% vs -43% (<em>p</em><0.001). </p>
<p>After median 24-months follow up, treatment change occurred in 36.6% (60/164) of autoantibody negative participants: 22.6% (37/164) discontinued insulin, with a HbA1c similar to those continuing insulin (57.5 vs 60.8mmol/mol [7.4 vs 7.7%], <em>p</em>=0.4) and 14.0% (23/164) added adjuvant agents to insulin. </p>
<p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p>
<p>In adult-onset clinically diagnosed type 1 diabetes, negative islet autoantibodies should prompt careful consideration of other diabetes subtypes. When routinely measured negative antibodies are associated with successful insulin cessation. These findings support recent recommendations for routine islet autoantibody assessment in adult-onset type 1 diabetes.</p>
STUDENTS’ PERSPECTIVES ON THE TEACHERS’ WRITTEN CORRECTIVE FEEDBACK IN ONLINE PROFESSIONAL NARRATIVE WRITING CLASS
Authors: Sukha Prema Gupita , Listyani Listyani 
Published: October 2022

This research aimed to find out students' perspectives on the teachers' written corrective feedback in online Professional Narrative Writing classes and discover the types of the teachers' written corrective feedback that Professional Narrative Writing students prefer to help them revise their writing. Thus, the research questions of this study were (1) What are the students' perspectives on the teachers' written corrective feedback in online Professional Narrative Writing class? and (2) What are the types of the teachers' written corrective feedback that the students prefer to get to help them revise their writing in Professional Narrative Writing class? The participants of this study were thirty-four (34) students from three online Professional Narrative Writing classes in Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana. This study was conducted from September until December 2021. Also, the data collection instruments used open-ended and closed-ended questionnaires and interviews. The findings showed that the participants had positive and negative perspectives toward the teachers' written corrective feedback in online Professional Narrative Writing class. Then, the most preferred type of the teachers' written corrective feedback was indirect feedback since the participants believed it could help them revise their essays. Therefore, the findings of this study were expected to be useful for teachers in giving effective written corrective feedback. Keywords: students' perspectives, the teachers' written corrective feedback, online professional narrative writing class
Chinese painting and calligraphy image recognition technology based on pseudo linear directional diffusion equation
Authors: Cai Wei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In order to study the image recognition technology of traditional Chinese painting and calligraphy based on pseudo linear directional diffusion equation. Firstly, in the pixel domain, an overall style feature extraction algorithm of ink painting based on histogram is proposed, and then the local area with the most representative stroke style is located based on Sobel edge detection method to obtain the local detail style information describing the stroke. Then, using image processing, computer vision and other technologies, combined with some quantifiable authenticity identification indexes of Chinese painting, this paper designs a authenticity identification method of Chinese painting based on image recognition to assist the authenticity identification of Chinese painting and improve the reliability of authenticity identification. The experimental results show that the fusion algorithms based on information entropy and distance are proposed in this paper. On the premise of maximizing the artistic style, the fusion algorithm combines the advantages of the overall and local class results, so as to realize the automatic classification of ink painting based on artistic style and output the classification results.
Development of a smart watering system for controlling humidity inside mangosteen canopy in Nakhon Si Thammarat province, Southern Thailand
Authors: Malee Wantanee , Ruang-on Somporn , Hussain Naeem , Tina Fahmida Wazed 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In Thailand, mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) production is essential for domestic consumption and export. Mangosteen without scars on their surface is considered high-quality fruit. Scars reduce their market demand. The common cause of scars is thrips infestation. Humidity is an important climatic factor that affects the thrips populations. Lower humidity inside the mangosteen canopy increases the thrips numbers. Thus, increasing humidity can control the thrips population. This study developed a smart watering system to increase the humidity inside the mangosteen canopy in Nakhon Si Thammarat province, southern Thailand. This system provided water automatically and increased humidity inside the mangosteen canopy.
Performance evaluation of communication methods on electric wheelchairs as assistive technology for persons with disabilities
Authors: Yudhana Anton , Kurniawan Iqbal Cahya , Anshori Ikhwan , Mufandi Ilham 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The error detection method is a system that determines errors in the data transmission process. One of the algorithms used to calculate this process is cyclic redundancy by sending binary data using mathematical analysis. The result of error detection found that a success rate of 65% and an error of 35%, it can be stated that the wireless communication process using module nRF24L01 has a high connection rate. Furthermore, connection loss can cause packet loss to the recipient during the communication process. This research was applied to assist disabled people with leg disabilities. These systems were equipped with nRF24L01 as transmitter and nRF24L01 as receiver. Both are installed Arduino Nano and Arduino Mega 2560. A controller smart glove tools are installed on an electric wheelchair as a support device with nRF24L01 module communication. This research was successfully implemented on the electric wheelchair.
Characterisation of ORF3, M, N and E gene sequences of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus from domestic pigs in Poland
Authors: Olech Monika , Antas Marta , Szczotka-Bochniarz Anna 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) is an enteric pathogen causing porcine epidemic diarrhoea and acute gastroenteritis in pigs of all ages. Previous analysis of the viral genome of PEDV in Poland was only based on the spike protein (S) gene sequences and no analysis of other genes has been performed. The aim of this study was to analyse the envelope (E), membrane (M) and nucleocapsid (N) protein and open reading frame 3 (ORF3) gene sequences.

Material and Methods
Viral RNA from 18 Polish pig faecal samples that were quantitative reverse transcription PCR-positive for PEDV was analysed in four genomic regions (E, M, N and ORF3).

Results
Phylogenetic analysis based on these regions’ sequences revealed that Polish PEDV isolates were highly related and were clustered into group G2a across the four genes compared. Moreover, the Polish strains were located in distinct subclusters on the phylogenetic trees, which suggests the presence of at least three independently evolving PEDV genetic lines circulating in Poland. The occurrence of unique mutations in the sequences of Polish PEDV strains suggests that PEDV continues to undergo evolutionary processes, accumulating the mutations necessary for viral fitness in its natural hosts. The Polish PEDV strains differed genetically from the CV777 vaccine strain, suggesting the risk of relatively low vaccine efficacy if this strain is used.

Conclusion
Our results promote a better understanding of the genetic diversity of PEDV field isolates in Poland and highlight the importance of molecular characterisation of PEDV field strains for the development of an effective vaccine against PEDV.
Outcomes of a rural-focussed family practice residency
Authors: Stover Dr. Sandra , Lasswell Julia , Friedrichsen Samantha , Emery Rebecca 
Published: October 2022

Purpose: Family medicine physicians play a crucial role in maternity care in community-based settings. However, residency graduates are decreasingly likely to provide delivery services. We explored residency training and graduates' inclusion of obstetrical care in practice by surveying graduates of the Duluth Family Medicine Residency, traditionally producing a high number of graduates serving rural communities and providing obstetrical care.
Methods: Graduates (N=48) were surveyed about their provision of maternity care and perceptions of how well the residency prepared them to provide such services. Additional factors that impacted decisions to provide obstetric care (e.g., post-residency training, community size, and if there were obstetricians providing delivery services in their community) were evaluated.
Findings: Nearly half of graduates (46%) were providing maternity services, most of whom provided perinatal clinical care (68% provided delivery care and 4% operative deliveries). Seventy-one percent worked in a community with an available obstetrician. Graduates providing obstetric services were more likely to live in rural communities (66% vs 35%, p<0.01). Thirty percent of graduates received extra obstetrical training in residency. Graduates providing obstetric services were more likely to cite that their decision to practice obstetrics was influenced by the number of deliveries performed, interactions with attending obstetricians, and interactions with prenatal and laboring patients during residency compared to those not providing obstetric services.
Conclusions: Residency training has an impact on provision of maternity care and potential practice of family physicians in rural communities. Attention to curricular support, particularly exposure to maternity patients, is important for resident comfort in obstetrics.