bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Value-based decision-making between affective and non-affective memories
Authors: Pulcu Erdem , Guinea Calum , Clemens Hannah , Harmer Catherine , Murphy Susannah 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Affective biases can influence how past events are recalled from memory. However, the mechanisms underlying how discrete affective events shape memory formation and subsequent recall are not well understood. Further understanding these processes is important given the central role of negative biases in affective memory recall in depression and antidepressant drug action. In order to capture cognitive processes associated with affective memory formation and recall, we studied value-based decision-making between affective memories in two within-subject experiments (n=45 and n=74). Our findings suggest that discrete affective events, created by large magnitude wins and losses on a Wheel of Fortune (WoF) outcomes, influence affective memory formation processes during reinforcement-learning (RL). 24 hours after learning, we show that healthy volunteers display stable preferences during value-based recall of affective versus non-affective memories in a binary decision-making task. Computational modelling of these preferences demonstrated a positive bias during value-based recall, induced by previously winning in the WoF. Across two complimentary analyses, we further showed that value-based decision-making between affective memories engages the pupil-linked central arousal systems, leading to pupil constriction prior to choice, and differential pupil dilation after the decision onset depending on the valence of the chosen options. Taken together, we demonstrate that mechanisms underlying human affective memory systems can be described by RL and probability weighting models. This approach could be used to understand the organisation of affective memories in humans, and as a translational assay to study the effects of novel antidepressants.
A novel positive feedback mechanism of ABI5 phosphorylation by MPK3 regulates ABA signaling in Arabidopsis
Authors: Bhagat Prakash Kumar , Verma Deepanjali , Verma Neetu , Sinha Alok Krishna 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Seed germination is a crucial physiological process regulated by both environmental and endogenous phytohormones. ABA negatively regulates seed germination, post-germination growth and floral transition, however, the cross talks between multiple regulatory pathways involved in seed germination are still unclear. Here, we show that ABA activates two MAP kinases, AtMPK3/AtMPK6 and selectively regulates the transcript of AtMPK3 through ABI5, a master regulator of ABA signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana. As a feedback loop, AtMPK3 interacts and phosphorylates ABI5 at the serine-314 position.ABI5 phosphorylation by MAP kinase positively regulates ABI5 nuclear localization and negatively regulates its dimerization. Further, subcellular localization of ABI5 phospho-null protein suggests the role of phosphorylation in regulation of its cytoplasmic stability and its nuclear dimerization. Overexpression of phospho-null ABI5 in abi5-8 mutant restored the ABA sensitivity during seed germination and delayed the floral transition as compared to phospho-mimeticABI5. Additionally, overexpression of constitutive phosphorylated form of ABI5 in abi5-8 mutant suggests that phosphorylation makes ABI5 partially inactive. Furthermore, phospho-null ABI5 plants showed drought sensitive phenotype whereas, mpk3, mkk4,mkk5, abi5-8 and phospho-mimetic ABI5 plants showed drought tolerant phenotype. Our findings present a new insight between MAP kinase cascade and ABA signaling which collectively regulates the ABA response through ABI5 phosphorylation.
An equivalent calculation method for 3D contact area between two rough surfaces based on 2D profiles
Authors: Jing Jianping , Meng Wen , Zezeng Dai , Qing Mei , Wei Yuan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The calculation of the real contact area between rough surfaces is an important prerequisite for studying the contact characteristics of mechanical joints. However, it is challenging to accurately calculate the real contact area between rough surfaces by existing theoretical and experimental methods. Therefore, an efficient and practical equivalent calculation method for the real contact area between three-dimensional(3D) rough surfaces based on two-dimensional(2D) profiles is presented in this paper. The main advantage of the presented method as compared with those available in the literature is that the real contact area can be predicted only by the section of the 3D rough surfaces in contact, which greatly reduces the computational cost. The sampling strategy of sections is studied to improve the accuracy of the proposed method. The accuracy of the proposed equivalent calculation method is verified by numerical simulation. The results show that the proposed equivalent calculation method can efficiently predict the real contact area between rough surfaces within the scope of engineering application.
An acceptable methodological evaluation method of real-time fluorescent RT-PCR targeting SARS-CoV-2
Authors: ren xiaodong , Tang Qi-Mei , Chen Min , Huang Qian , Huang Heng-Liu , Wang Liu , Su Ning , Sun Xian-Ge , Lu Wei-Ping , Deng Shao-Li , Huang Qing 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: it is necessary to evaluate real-time fluorescent reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) methods to detect the nucleic acids of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Methods: considering lack of positive specimens in some particular locations in China, the specimens from healthy individuals were used to perform the methodology evaluations, in which the indexes were the differences of quantification cycle values (ΔCq) between human-derived internal reference control (IRC) genes of a specimen and quality control gene (QC). A series of experiments was conducted to evaluate various factors that might affect the results, such as types of virus transport media, methods of specimen pretreatment and template preparation, specimen vortex strength, specimen storage temperature, and duration. Results: it was better to store specimens in normal saline (NS) transport medium, release more virus particles from swabs by vortex mixing, extract nucleic acids with centrifugation methods, and perform amplification assays timely. The above-mentioned options and optimum conditions were further confirmed using SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses and positive clinical specimens. Conclusions: this study provides a solution for the accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2. Specifically, this study also indicates that the routine specimens from healthy individuals could be used to methodological evaluation of real-time fluorescent RT-PCR targeting SARS-CoV-2, of which the indexes were the ΔCq values.
The AnteOwl WR Intravascular Ultrasound-Guided Parallel Wiring Technique for Chronic Total Occlusion of Below-The-Knee Arteries
Authors: Hayakawa Naoki , Kodera Satoshi , Arakawa Masataka , Hirano Satoshi , Inoguchi Yasunori , Kanda Junji 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Although endovascular therapy is used to treat chronic limb-threatening ischemia, long chronic total occlusion (CTO) is still challenging to treat. Especially in patients with poor run-off below-the-knee (BTK) arteries, it is difficult to perform a retrograde approach, and even guidewire passage may be difficult.Case presentation: We treated two cases of chronic limb-threatening ischemia using our novel extreme antegrade guidewire crossing technique by AnteOwl WR intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-guided parallel wiring to a BTK artery (EXCAVATOR technique). Case 1 was a 70-year-old man with ulceration of the right toe. The AnteOwl WR IVUS was intentionally advanced into the subintimal space of the posterior tibial artery, and the totally intraplaque route was advanced by IVUS-guided parallel wiring that was successfully passed from the lateral plantar aspect to the true lumen of the digital artery. Case 2 was a 76-year-old woman with rest pain and cyanosis of the right lower limb. Angiography showed total occlusion from the superficial femoral artery to BTK arteries. AnteOwl WR IVUS-guided parallel wiring was repeatedly performed until the distal true lumen of the peroneal artery was reached, and revascularization was successfully achieved via the antegrade approach alone.Conclusions: With its excellent crossable performance, good image quality, and high navigational ability within the CTO, the AnteOwl WR can be used to pass parallel wiring into the distal true lumen for BTK CTO.
"Predict the relationship between pesticide genotoxicity and breast cancer risk in South Indian women in vitro and in vivo Experiments"
Authors: Subramani Sasikala , Anto Minu Jenifer , M M.Sakthivel , K Velavan , Ramasamy Sivasamy 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Breast cancer is the second most common cancer-related cause of death in women. BC is a multi-step process involving a range of cell types, and preventing it is still a difficult task all over the world. Agriculture is a massive industry that employs the majority of the world's population. Pesticides are a class of compounds with specific qualities that are used to remove pests. However, it occasionally exhibits severe biological activities in non-target creatures such as humans. About 504 patients and control samples were checked for pesticide levels and DNA Damage responsible for breast cancer, which is confirmed by checking the in vitro and in vivo experiments of DNA Damage. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software. The results show positive involvement of breast cancer and pesticide risk. The relationship between pesticide and breast cancer due to DNA Damage is proved in this study. Further clinical implication of this study is to be explored to develop therapeutic approaches in treating the same.
Deposition of carbon from methane on manganese sources
Authors: Dalaker Halvor , Gjøvik Jonas Einan , Ringdalen Eli 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Carbon has been deposited on HCFeMn slag from methane-containing gas with and without CO2, creating C-MnO composites and giving a hydrogen-rich off-gas as a by-product. The maximum deposited amount corresponds to 37±4% of the carbon required for reduction of all manganese in the slag to metallic Mn. This was achieved at 1100 °C with a H2-concentration in the off gas of 76%. Temperature was an important parameter. At 790 °C, no deposited carbon was detected, at temperatures ≥1000 °C, deposition increased with temperature. A lower gas-flow leads to more methane decomposition.Experiments with CO2 in the process gas gave less deposited carbon than other experiments. This could be caused by dilution of methane or chemical reactions involving CO2, or a combination. Investigations of fines formation indicate that the deposited carbon sticks well to the HCFeMn-slag, and would not fall off easily during transport and handling. This demonstrates that biogas can potentially be a non-fossil source of carbon in manganese production.
Spatial Heterogeneity Analysis and Source Identification of Heavy Metals in Soil: A Case Study of Chongqing, Southwest China
Authors: Chen Wende , Cai Yankun , Zhu Kun , Wei Jun , Lu Yutian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Heavy metal pollution in urban soil is an important indicator of environmental pollution. Selecting the best interpolation method can accurately reflect the distribution characteristics and pollution characteristics of heavy metals in soil. Source analysis and identification of heavy metals in soil can reveal the important content of heavy metal pollution in soil, which is conducive to the implementation of effective management and protection strategies.Materials and methods: In this study, the grid sampling at 40 cm depth was conducted in the whole study area using the principle of uniform sampling, and the characteristics of As, Cu and Mn in the soil of the main urban area of Chongqing in southwestern China were investigated. The interpolation accuracy and results of ordinary Kriging method (OK), inverse distance weighting method ( IDW ), local polynomial method ( LPI ) and radial basis function method ( RBF ) for three elements were analyzed and compared, and the main sources of three heavy metals were studied.Results: The results showed that As(5.802 mg·kg − 1), Cu (23.992 mg·kg −1) and Mn(573.316 mg·kg −1) in the soil of the study area were all moderate variations. The prediction smoothing effect of LPI and OK methods on the three metals is strong, which cannot reflect the local point source pollution information. The interpolation results of IDW method and RBF method largely retain the maximum and minimum information of element content. The results of classification and regression analysis confirmed the main sources of heavy metals: population density mainly affected Cu (0.539), slope mainly affected Mn (0.206), and water quality mainly affected As (0.453).Conclusions: The results of this study provide a reference for the formulation of scientific decisions and strategies. Effective soil heavy metal pollution control and management strategies should be developed to ensure the quality of urban soil environment.
Sensible and latent heat flow of Japanese quails kept in different thermal environments
Authors: Júnior Joab Jorge Leite de Matos , Furtado Dermeval Araújo , Ribeiro Neila Lidiany , Marques Jordânio Inácio , Leite Patrício Gomes , Nascimento José Wallace Barbosa do , Rodrigues Valéria Pereira , Neto José Pinheiro Lopes , Rodrigues Ladyanne Raia , Santos Severino Guilherme Caetano Gonçalves dos 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the heat flux through sensitive mechanisms and respiratory evaporation of Japanese quails kept in thermoneutral and warm environments, using simple environmental and physiological measures. 192 nine-week-old quails were used, distributed in a completely randomized design at two temperatures (T1 = 24 °C and T2 = 32 °C), with 12 replicates of eight birds each, with an experimental period of 63 days, divided into three 21-day periods. Physiological measurements of respiratory rate (RR), cloacal temperature (TC) and body surface temperature (TS) were measured twice a week. The behavior of the energy balance in the climatic chambers was obtained using the total thermal energy exchanges per unit surface area of ​​the birds, derived from the sum of sensible (radiation and convection) and latent heat exchanges. Respiratory rate (P<.0001), surface temperature (P<.0001) and cloacal temperature (P=0.0047) were higher in the 32 °C environment. The expired air temperature (P<.0001) and heat loss by respiratory evaporation (P<.0001) showed higher values ​​when the quails were in an environment of 32 °C, while the heat losses by convection (P<.0001) and radiation (P<.0001) were higher in a thermal comfort environment. In Japanese quails kept in a controlled environment, sensible heat dissipation by convection is the main way to eliminate excess thermal energy, when the air temperature is up to 32 ºC.
To Be or Not To Be: Technical and Cost Implications of Having a Confirmed Diagnosis of Lung Cancer (or not) Before Surgery
Authors: Guzman Rudith , Grando Leandro , Sánchez-Lorente David , Boada Marc , Quiroga Nestor , Paglialunga Pablo , Molins Laureano , Guirao Angela , Agusti Alvar , Guerrero Carlos 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective: To compare the costs and length of hospital stay between patients with a confirmed lung cancer (LC) diagnosis before surgery versus those without confirmed diagnosis. Methods: Retrospective and single center study conducted on consecutive patients who underwent a LC surgical procedure, with or without a pathologically confirmed LC diagnosis before surgery, between March 2017 and December 2019. The main outcomes were costs and length of hospital stay (LOHS). Results: Among the 269 screened patients, 254 met the inclusion/exclusion criteria and were included in the analysis, 196 (77.2%) with confirmed LC diagnosis before surgery and 58 (22.8%) without it. Unadjusted cost was significantly lower in patients who underwent surgery without histopathological diagnosis before surgery than in those who underwent surgery with a histopathological diagnosis before surgery (Hodges-Lehmann median difference: -1,280.5 €; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -1,682.1 to -899.4 €, p<0.0001). LOHS was significantly shorter in patients without a previous diagnosis of LC before surgery (4.0 [95%CI: 3.0 - 4.0] vs. 5.0 [95% CI: 5.0 - 6.0] days, p<0.0001). Median (95% CI) LOHS was significantly lower in patients who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopy (4.0 [95% CI 4.0 -4.0] days) than in those who underwent open-surgery (6.0 [95% CI 5.0 - 6.0] days, p<0.0001). Conclusions: Patients who went into the operating-room without a previous confirmed diagnosis of LC resulted in lower direct costs, shorter LOHS, and increased use of VATS.
Bacteria spatial tracking in Urban Park soils with MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry and Specific PCR
Authors: Segura-Garcia Jaume , Arnal Diego , Moya Celeste , Filippelli Luigi , Maicas Sergi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Urban parks constitute one of the main leisure areas, especially for the most vulnerable people in our society, children and the elderly Contact with soils can be a source of risk, so establishing its microbiological quality is interesting. The aim of this work is to map the spatial distribution of potential dangerous enterobacteria but also biorremediation useful (lipase producers) isolates from soils in a urban park in area of Valencia (Spain). To this end, our team has collected 25 samples of soil and isolated 500 microorganisms, using a mobile application to collect information of the soil samples (i.e. soil features, temperature, humidity, etc.) with geolocation. A combined protocol including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and 16S rDNA sequencing PCR has been established to characterize the isolates. The results have been processed using spatial statistic techniques (mainly Kriging), taking into account the number of isolated strains, also proving the reactivity against standard pathogenic bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella, Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus aureus).
Characteristic of Classification and Prognostic Scoring Based on M6a RNA Methylation Modification in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Tumor Microenvironment Association
Authors: Yu Xiaoming , Han Mingming , Zhao Zhucheng , Chen Yanfan , Wang Liangxing 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Accumulating evidence links m6A modification with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tumorigenesis development and tumor immune microenvironment. However, the deep impact of m6A modification in tumor-immune interactions of LUAD still remains largely unknown. In the present study, the landscape of m6A modification features were drawn by analyzing the multi-omics features of 20 m6A regulators from TCGA database. Many m6A regulators were aberrantly expressed in LUAD, whose mutations and copy number variation (CNV) frequency were difference. Besides, overall survival showed many m6A regulators are associated with LUAD prognosis. However, the three m6A modification clusters (m6ACluster) determined by unsupervised consensus clustering based on m6A regulators was hard to distinguish. And then the common intersection differentially expressed genes (inter-DEGs) with significant prognosis among m6AClusters were obtained by univariate cox regression analysis. Encouragingly, the m6A-related geneClusters based on significant inter-DEGs were distinguished from each other by PCA analysis. The three geneClusters were depicted the high-, middle- and low- immune cell infiltration subtypes by ssGSEA analysis. Specially, we established a scoring tool named genescore, which was negatively correlated with PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA4 expression and could reflect both the tumor microenvironment characterization and prognosis of LUAD patients. Majority of the DEGs between high and low genescore group were closely related to the tumor immune response. Low genescore group associated with poor prognosis exhibited higher immuneScore and lower tumorPurity applied by the ESTIMATE algorithm. Application of genescore on estimation of drug sensitivity confirmed that low genescore was more sensitive to Cisplatin, Docetaxel, Gemcitabine, Paclitaxel and Vinblastine, while the high genescore group was more sensitive to Erlotinib. Our study indicated that m6A modification related classification closely associated with tumor microenvironment and will provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of LUAD and contribute to develop more effective personalized treatment decisions.
Docosahexaenoic acid alleviates cartilage degradation by mediating apoptosis and autophagy via JNK and p38 signaling pathways in human chondrocytes and osteoarthritis rat model
Authors: Gong Zishun , Yu Haomiao , Wang Guodong , Cao Ruiqi , Yin Heyong , Ma Lifeng , Guo Ai 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease which occurs commonly in the elderly. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is considered to play an anti-inflammatory role in the inflammation process of the human body. The aim of this study is to observe the effect of DHA on the proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, and related signaling pathway in human OA chondrocytes and the effect of DHA on cartilage degeneration in vivo. Methods and Results: Human OA chondrocytes model was established by IL-1β while OA rat models were prepared by anterior cruciate ligament transection and medial meniscectomy. The results showed that DHA promoted chondrocyte proliferation and decreased the percentage of apoptotic chondrocytes. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed more autophagic bodies in the cytoplasm with the treatment of DHA. Cartilage samples from the OA + DHA group showed thicker cartilage, decreased degradation and increased collagen II positive cell rate compared to the OA group, while the Mankin score was significantly lower. Additionally, DHA resulted in reduced mTOR expression and LC3-I/II ratio, increased Beclin-1 and Bcl-2 expression measured by Western-blot analysis. The mRNA expression of JNK and p38 was reduced compared to the IL-1 group. However, after intervention with 3-Methyladenine (3-MA, an autophapy inhibitor), the effect of DHA was blocked. Conclusions: DHA promoted chondrocyte proliferation, decreased cell apoptosis, and increased autophagic activity in OA chondrocytes. DHA could reduce cartilage degradation and increase collagen II secretion in vivo. We hypothesized that the underlying mechanism involved the suppression of the JNK and p38 signaling pathways.