bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rare variant in the fumarate hydratase gene found in patients with clinical features of hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC): A case series
Authors: Franke Keith , Vagher Jennie , Boyle Julie , Hall April , Smith‐Simmer Kelcy 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) is an inherited cancer predisposition syndrome caused by autosomal dominant heterozygous pathogenic variants in the fumarate hydratase (FH) gene. FH pathogenic variant carriers are at an increased risk for cutaneous leiomyomas, renal cell cancer, and uterine fibroids. We present a case series of patients identified at two different medical institutions with clinically diagnostic features of HLRCC and a shared rare variant in the FH gene.
Double lung transplantation in patients with lung atelectasis and complete mediastinal shift
Authors: Neto Daniel M. , Chan Ernest G. , Sanchez Pablo G. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMediastinal shift and chest wall retraction limit the indication of a double lung transplant in patients with complete destruction of lung parenchyma. We report outcomes as well as preoperative and operative management in two patients with significant lung volume reduction and mediastinal shift due to bronchiectasis of the right lung.
Extrahepatic mucinous biliary cystadenoma: A rare cause of gastric outlet obstruction
Authors: Dhali Arkadeep , Ray Sukanta , Dhali Gopal Krishna , Khamrui Sujan , Ghosh Ranajoy 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExtrahepatic mucinous biliary cystadenoma is an extremely rare clinical entity that can present with varieties of vague clinical signs and symptoms. Gastric outlet obstruction caused due to this has never been reported before. We highlighted the diagnostic dilemma we faced when radiological investigations could not suggest the accurate organ of origin.
Modeling and Optimization of the Bubble Detachment Diameter for a Pool Boiling System
Authors: Hamzekhani Samane , Birjandi Mohammad Reza Sardashti , Shahraki Farhad 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPrediction of boiling heat transfer for pool boiling systems is crucial from the viewpoint of safe operation as well as in terms of logical use of energy. Here, five pool boiling processes for calculating the bubble detachment diameters are described. The effects of liquid density and vapor density on the bubble detachment diameter of these pool boiling systems, namely, ethanol, methanol, water, Na2SO4‐water, and NaCl‐water, are determined by applying response surface methodology. According to P‐values and analysis of variance, there is a good agreement between the obtained regression models for the five pool boiling processes and experimental data for estimation of the bubble detachment diameters.
Simulation of Powder Flow Behavior in an Artificial Feed Frame Using an Euler‐Euler Model
Authors: Zimmermann Maren , Raffel Carola , Bartsch Jens , Thommes Markus 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe Eulerian approach is an alternative numerical method to the traditionally used discreet particle techniques for modeling powder flow, avoiding limitations on particle number and diameter. The feasibility of an Euler‐Euler simulation in a pharmaceutical application was investigated. In two‐ and three‐dimensional flow simulations, computational fluid dynamics models and parameters were determined and verified based on comparison with experiments. Residence time distributions were calculated to show the applicability of the Eulerian model with two granular phases under the constraint of a continuous setup. Finally, this model was implemented to improve the process understanding of the powder flow in an artificial feed frame of a rotary tablet press.
Dissolution Behavior and Varied Mesoporosity of Zeolites by NH4F Etching
Authors: Qin Zhengxing , You Zhenchao , Bozhilov Krassimir N. , Kolev Stefan K. , Yang Wei , Shen Yanfeng , Jin Xin , Gilson Jean‐Pierre , Mintova Svetlana , Vayssilov Georgi N. , Valtchev Valentin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe mesopores formation in zeolite crystals has long been considered to occur through the stochastic hydrolysis and removal of framework atoms. Here, we investigate the NH4F etching of representative small, medium, and large pore zeolites and show that the zeolite dissolution behavior, therefore the mesopore formation probability, is dominated by zeolite architecture at both nano‐ and sub‐nano scales. At the nano‐scale, the hidden mosaics of zeolite structure predetermine the spatio‐temporal dissolution of the framework, hence the size, shape, location, and orientation of the mesopores. At the sub‐nano scale, the intrinsic micropore size and connectivity jointly determine the diffusivity of reactant and dissolved products. As a result, the dissolution propensity varies from removing small framework fragments to consuming nanodomains and up to full digestion of the outmost part of zeolite crystals. The new knowledge will lead to new understanding of zeolite dissolution behavior and new adapted strategies for tailoring hierarchical zeolites.
Topologically‐Interlocked Minicircles as Probes of DNA Topology and DNA‐Protein Interactions
Authors: Rajendran Arivazhagan , Krishnamurthy Kirankumar , Park Seojeong , Nakata Eiji , Kwon Youngjoo , Morii Takashi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDNA minicircles exist in biological contexts, such as kinetoplast DNA, and are promising components for creating functional nanodevices. They have been used to mimic the topological features of nucleosomal DNA and to probe DNA‐protein interactions such as HIV‐1 and PFV integrases, and DNA gyrase. Here, we synthesized the topologically‐interlocked minicircle rotaxane and catenane inside a frame‐shaped DNA origami. These minicircles are 183 bp in length, constitute six individual single‐stranded DNAs that are ligated to realize duplex interlocking, and adopt temporary base pairing of single strands for interlocking. To probe the DNA‐protein interactions, restriction reactions were carried out on DNAs with different topologies such as free linear duplex or duplex constrained inside origami and free or topologically‐interlocked minicircles. Except the free linear duplex, all tested structures were resistant to restriction digestion, indicating that the topological features of DNA, such as flexibility, curvature, and groove orientation, play a major role in DNA‐protein interactions.
Optimization of asymmetric reduction conditions of 2‐bromo‐1‐(naphthalen‐2‐yl)ethanone by Enterococcus faecium BY48 biocatalyst with A‐optimal design‐embedded model
Authors: Özdemir Akın , Şahin Engin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAromatic α‐halohydrins, especially 2‐haloethanols, which are a common pharmacological precursor, may be readily transformed to chiral β‐adrenergic receptor blockers. Studies including the synthesis of (S)‐2‐bromo‐1‐(naphthalen‐2‐yl)ethanol ((S)‐2), an α‐halohydrin, in high conversion, enantiomeric excess (ee), and yield by biocatalytic asymmetric reduction of 2‐bromo‐1‐(naphthalen‐2‐yl)ethanone (1) are still insufficient. Moreover, asymmetric reduction of substrate 1 using a mathematical optimization method is not explored in the current literature. In this article, the four asymmetric bioreduction conditions, which are (1) pH, (2) temperature, (3) incubation period, and (4) agitation speed, of substrate 1 were optimized to obtain (S)‐2 with A‐optimal design‐embedded model in the presence of Enterococcus faecium BY48. Optimum bioreduction conditions were determined by the A‐optimal design‐embedded model as follows: pH = 7, temperature = 25°C, incubation period = 24 h, and agitation speed = 200 rpm. And then, it was suggested that (S)‐2 could be obtained with 98.88% ee and 100% conversion rate (cr) under these optimum conditions. As a result of the experimental reaction performed under the optimization conditions suggested by the model, (S)‐2 was obtained with 99% ee and 100% cr. The study revealed that E. faecium BY48 could be used as a biocatalyst in asymmetric reduction reactions. Also, the A‐optimal design‐embedded model could have the great potential to obtain the optimum asymmetric bioreduction conditions.
Computational Fluid Dynamics of Reacting Flows at Surfaces: Methodologies and Applications
Authors: Micale Daniele , Ferroni Claudio , Uglietti Riccardo , Bracconi Mauro , Maestri Matteo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis review presents the numerical algorithms and speed‐up strategies developed to couple continuum macroscopic simulations and detailed microkinetic models in the context of multiscale approaches to chemical reactions engineering. CFD simulations and hierarchical approaches are discussed both for fixed and fluidized systems. The foundations of the methodologies are reviewed together with specific examples to show the applicability of the methods. These concepts play a pivotal role to enable the first‐principles multiscale approach to systems of technological relevance.
Epilepsy disorder detection and diagnosis using empirical mode decomposition and deep learning architecture
Authors: Srinath Rajagopalan , Gayathri Rajagopal 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEpilepsy neurological disorder is detected and diagnosed in this article using deep learning method by differentiating the focal electroencephalogram (EEG) signals and the non‐focal EEG signals. The proposed method consists of time‐scale signal decomposition, feature extraction, and classification with diagnosis. The empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method is used to decompose the EEG signal into six intrinsic mode function (IMF) sub bands. The external intrinsic features are computed for each of the decomposed IMF sub bands and these features along with the coefficients of each IMF sub bands are then trained and further classified using the proposed convolutional neural networks (CNN) architecture. The CNN classifier classifies the EEG signal into either focal or non‐focal and finally the focal signal is diagnosed as mild case or severe case using the proposed CNN architecture. The proposed framework achieves a Se of 99.8%, Sp of 99.9%, and Acc of 99.8% on the EEG signals which are available in Bern–Barcelona dataset. The proposed framework for diagnosis of severe case signals achieves 99.2% of diagnosis rate (DR) and 99.6% of DR for mild case signals on Bern–Barcelona dataset. The proposed framework achieves a Se of 99.6%, Sp of 99.6%, and Acc of 99.7% on the EEG signals which are available in CHB‐MIT dataset. The proposed framework for diagnosis of severe case signals achieves a DR of 97.3% and DR of 98.0% for mild case signals on CHB‐MIT dataset. The performance of the proposed method is cross validated by k‐fold method.
Turkish durum wheat conserved ex‐situ and in situ unveils a new hotspot of unexplored genetic diversity
Authors: Alsaleh Ahmad , Bektas Harun , Baloch Faheem Shehzad , Nadeem Muhammad Azhar , Özkan Hakan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDurum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) is the 10th most cultivated crop and is a vital food source for human consumption. Genetic diversity in durum wheat is still an unexplored subject, and gene banks are filled with accessions waiting to be screened. Here, four different groups of durum wheat, Turkish and foreign cultivars, and in situ and ex situ landraces were evaluated for population structure and genetic diversity. A collection of 129 durum wheat accessions were genotyped, with a total of 6,357 markers (SilicoDArT, SNP [single‐nucleotide polymorphism], and simple sequence repeats [SSRs]). The highest mean allele number per marker (1.562) was obtained with SNP markers in ex situ landraces; the lowest mean allele number per marker (0.788) was obtained with SSR markers in the foreign cultivars. The minimum percentage of polymorphic loci was 38.70% observed with SSR markers in foreign cultivars; the maximum was 76.20% in SilicoDArT markers in ex situ landraces. According to Neighbor‐Joining analyses, the studied collection was divided into groups of cultivars and landraces, with some level of admixtures. Structure and principal coordinate analysis obtained distinct clusters for ex situ landraces and foreign cultivars, supported by Neighbor‐Joining analysis. A significant level of intergroup and intragroup variation was observed, and Turkish ex situ landraces were found as the most diverse and distinct group in the collection. Turkish landraces may be a promising source of novel allelic diversity that can be used in durum wheat breeding worldwide.
Vitality of primed rice seeds sown under prolonged dry soil conditions in an upland field
Authors: Nakao Yoshihiro , Tamaru Shotaro , Yabuta Shin , Sakagami Jun‐Ichi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDuring rainfed upland rice (Oryza sativa) cultivation, unpredictable drought events can hinder the rice growth. Although drought tolerance is a reported effect of seed priming treatment, we hypothesized that plants from primed seeds would die because they would begin to emerge in dry soil. We also expected that nonemerged primed seeds would show decreased seed vigor because their metabolism was activated by priming before sowing. Therefore, we investigated the vigor of hydroprimed and nonprimed seeds during prolonged drought after sowing during upland rice cultivation. A field experiment was conducted on a rainfed upland field that had insufficient rainfall at the beginning of the season. Plant emergence, establishment, and vigor in resown nongerminated seeds were also investigated. A subsequent growth chamber experiment was conducted to investigate the relationship between sown seed deterioration, soil moisture, and temperature. Contrary to the hypothesis, plants from primed as well as control seeds could survive under prolonged drought after emergence. In the nongerminated primed seeds, oxidative damage was increased. However, the percentage of plant emergence in resown seeds did not differ between treatments. Overall, the performance of primed seeds was better than or similar to that of the control seeds. In conclusion, primed seeds have advantages even under extreme drought conditions in rainfed upland fields.
Collaborative state estimation of lithium‐ion battery based on multi‐time scale low‐pass filter forgetting factor recursive least squares ‐ double extended Kalman filtering algorithm
Authors: Long Tao , Wang Shunli , Cao Wen , Ren Pu , He Mingfang , Fernandez Carlos 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFor the lithium battery management system and real‐time safety monitoring, two issues are of great significance, namely, the ability to accurately update the model parameters in real time and to accurately estimate the state of charge and health. In this context, this thesis adopts the second‐order RC equivalent circuit model and the forgetting factor recursive least squares ‐ double extended Kalman filtering (FFRLS‐DEKF) algorithm with multi‐time scales and low‐pass filter. Forgetting factor recursive least squares is applied to conduct online parameter identification, and the traditional double extended Kalman filtering algorithm is optimized to evaluate the state of charge and model parameters in the micro‐scale and macro‐scale. In this way, the error caused by two different characteristics is reduced, and a low‐pass filter is added to optimize the fluctuation problem of the estimated value of the model parameters. According to the experiment results, the maximum error between the model simulation value and the actual value of the terminal voltage is 0.0459 V. If the initial value of the state of charge deviates from the actual value, the maximum errors under BBDST and HPPC conditions record 0.0235 and 0.0048, respectively, the forgetting factor recursive least squares ‐ double extended Kalman filtering algorithm with multi‐time scales and low‐pass filter is able to track the true value within 40 s. Furthermore, the lithium‐ion battery state of health both reaches 98% under the two conditions. In summary, the experimental analysis shows that the algorithm helps reduce the influence of initial values on the results, thereby reducing error accumulation and improving the robustness.
Therapeutic Misconception about Research Procedures: Does a Simple Information Chart Improve Understanding?
Authors: Campbell Gavin , Dixon Margie D. , Lohani Minisha , Cook John , Hianik Rachel , Thomson Mary Catherine , Abernethy Eli , Lewis Colleen , Switchenko Jeffrey , Harvey R. Donald , Pentz Rebecca D. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTIn phase I trials, some biospecimens are used both for research and patient care and some for research only. Some research participants have therapeutic misconception, assuming all biospecimens are for patient care. This study's aim was to test if a simple information chart would improve understanding of nontherapeutic research procedures. A two‐arm study was conducted. Participants in the control group (C) were asked whether biospecimens were for their care, for research only, or for both. The experimental group (E) was asked the same questions but provided with a study‐specific information chart labeling the purpose of each biospecimen. One hundred one patients were interviewed. In both arms, understanding that pretreatment blood draws were for patient care and research was moderate (49% for C and 62% for E). Understanding that posttreatment blood draws were for research only was significantly higher in the experimental arm (16% for C and 44% for E; p = 0.002). Providing a simple information chart may help alleviate this aspect of therapeutic misconception.
Parameter determination for reducing ESS capacity in PV power smoothing control using spline function
Authors: Takahashi Akiko , Kajitani Tatsuya , Funabiki Shigeyuki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper comprehensively evaluates the PV power smoothing control method using the spline function. As a result of the verification, it is shown that the ESS capacity can be reduced while maintaining the smoothing effect by PV power smoothing control with energy control and limiting fluctuation rate control. Based on the charging/discharging power of the ESS and the operating conditions of the ESS, the section time that achieves both improvement of the smoothing effect and reduction of the ESS capacity is determined to be 1500 s. Then, the rated capacity of the ESS for a rated power of 1.75MW PV system is 1128 kWh. This is 49.6% of the rated capacity of the ESS, which is required in the PV power smoothing control method with fluctuation rate control. As a result of comparing the proposed method and the moving average method, the proposed method improved the smoothing effect by 49.8% compared to the moving average method.
Smart Photochromic Materials Triggered with Visible Light
Authors: Leistner Anna‐Lena , Pianowski Zbigniew L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMolecular photoswitches reversibly convert the energy of light into a variety of structural changes at the molecular level. They can be integrated into smart materials with broad range of applicability. While most photochromic systems require UV light for activation, application of photoswitches operational entirely within the visible or NIR range of light brings considerable benefits, such as biocompatibility, better light penetration through the material, propelling with sunlight, or a possibility to design dual systems that are mutually activated with UV or visible light frequencies for two distinct functions. In this Review, we discuss the most relevant classes of molecular photoswitches, and demonstrate a selection of photochromic polymers, gels, porous materials, surfaces, energy‐storing materials and other systems triggered with visible light.
Application of an Escherichia coli triple reporter strain for at‐line monitoring of single‐cell physiology during L‐phenylalanine production
Authors: Hoang Manh Dat , Doan Dieu Thi , Schmidt Marlen , Kranz Harald , Kremling Andreas , Heins Anna‐Lena 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBiotechnological production processes are sustainable approaches for the production of biobased components such as amino acids for food and feed industry. Scale‐up from ideal lab‐scale bioreactors to large‐scale processes is often accompanied by loss in productivity. This may be related to population heterogeneities of cells originating from isogenic cultures that arise due to dynamic non‐ideal conditions in the bioreactor. To better understand this phenomenon, deeper insights into single‐cell physiologies in bioprocesses are mandatory before scale‐up. Here, a triple reporter strain (3RP) was developed by chromosomally integrating the fluorescent proteins mEmerald, CyOFP1, and mTagBFP2 into the L‐phenylalanine producing Escherichia coli strain FUS4 (pF81kan) to allow monitoring of growth, oxygen availability, and general stress response of the single cells. Functionality of the 3RP was confirmed in well‐mixed lab‐scale fed‐batch processes with glycerol as carbon source in comparison to the strain without fluorescent proteins, leading to no difference in process performance. Fluorescence levels could successfully reflect the course of related process state variables, revealed population heterogeneities during the transition between different process phases and potentially subpopulations that exhibit superior process performance. Furthermore, indications were found for noise in gene expression as regulation strategy against environmental perturbation.
Future options of electricity generation for sustainable development: Trends and prospects
Authors: Rashid Fazlur , Joardder Mohammad U. H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractElectricity is an important part of our daily life. It is mainly generated from conventional energy sources. Conventional energy sources are diminishing day by day; whereas, energy demand increases significantly. Moreover, less land availability, low budget for energy, and weather‐dependent renewable sources result in poor energy management all over the world. Therefore, proper management of conventional energy and simultaneous finding of potential alternative energy sources are the prime concerns of energy‐related researchers. In this article, literature relating to less‐implemented energy sources is reviewed to demonstrate their current status and future prospects. This review shows that along with current renewable and conventional sources of energy, these less‐implemented energy sources can contribute substantially to overcome the energy scarcity in electricity production. Proper planning and improvement are required to get sufficient benefits from these less‐implement energy sources. In order to clarify the electricity generation from less‐applied energy sources, many figures are adapted using the concept and information of reviewed literature. In those figures and related text, several possible ways of electricity generation using these energy sources and their potential implementation techniques with related challenges have been outlined. The electricity generation rate and their corresponding applications are also depicted. Proper steps to popularize these less‐focused sources of energy would mitigate high energy demand all over the world and offers a cleaner environment for livelihood.