bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relative value of sleep and sleep-related complaints in people without sleep disorders: mediating role of cognitive, emotional and behavioral factors
Authors: Rasskazova E. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionHigh prevalence of dysfunctional beliefs about sleep and poor sleep hygiene in population (Perlis et al., 2011, Riemann et al., 2017) allow suggesting (Rasskazova, Tkhostov, 2012) a socially determined low value of sleep relative to other activities and demands.Objectives
The aim was to reveal the role of the relative value of sleep and subjective quality of sleep in people without sleep disorders.Methods172 participants 18-62 years old without diagnosed sleep disorders answered three items about their relative sleep value, filled Insomnia Severity Index, Dysfunctional Beliefs About Sleep Scale (Morin, 1993), Behavioral Factors of Sleep Disorders Scale (Rasskazova, 2020) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (Zigmond, Snaith, 1983)Results56.3% -65.3% participants tend to neglect sleep for the sake of other activities in conflictual situation independent on gender and age. Sleep neglect is associated with poorer subjective sleep indirectly – through poor sleep hygiene, depressive emotions and postponement of the time to get up in the morning (β=.02-.09; 95%CI [.01-.17]). High value of healthy sleep is associated with poorer sleep quality if it leads to higher dysfunctional sleep beliefs and sleep rituals (indirect effects β=.04-.16; 95%CI [.01-.23]), but with better sleep quality if it leads to better sleep hygiene in the evening and less delay in getting up in the morning (β=-.04 - -.02; 95%CI [-.08-.00]).ConclusionsRelative value of sleep might play a different role in the sleep regulation depending on which long-term beliefs, emotions, and behaviors it provokes. Research is supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project No. 20-013-00740.DisclosureResearch is supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project No. 20-013-00740
Self-Regulation Processes in Patients with Alcohol Dependence (Pilot Study)
Authors: Fadeeva E. , Lanovaya A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe first stage of the psychological intervention is related to diagnosticsObjectivesPurpose of the study was to explore features of mental self-regulation processes in patients with diagnosis “Mental and behavioral disorders due to use of alcohol”.MethodsThe study involved 39 male patients with alcohol dependence, the average age of 43.6 ± 6 years. The experimental group (20 patients) was taking part in in-patient rehabilitation program, the duration of rehabilitation ranged 4-6 months. The control group included 19 patients of the in-patient addiction treatment department, with average duration of treatment 21 days. To assess self-regulation processes, questionnaires “Style of behavior self-regulation” (Morosanova V.) and questionnaire of volitional self-control (Zverkov A., Eydman E.) were used. To compare differences between two independent groups Mann-Whitney U-test was usedResults
There was a significant difference for the subscale “Persistence and perseverance” in “Volitional self-control” test (p≤0.05) for the control and experimental groups. Patients, involved in clinical rehabilitation program, have higher ranks comparing to patients got clinical treatment (22.2 and 17.7). The comparison of the results of the questionnaire “Style of behavior self-regulation” showed that there is a significant difference for subscales “Modeling of significant conditions” and “Independence” (p≤0.05); participants from the experimental group had higher mean rank in both cases.Conclusions
Patients who took part in the long-term in-patient rehabilitation program had more stable motivation to achieve their goals, better self-regulation and activity planning skills, higher independence and self-confidence, they were less dependent on opinion of others. The identified features can be used in psychological programs aimed at improving planning skills, reducing behavioral rigidity, stabilizing self-esteem and improving adaptive capacity.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Danish Feasibility Study of a New Innovation for Screening and Brief Intervention for Alcohol Problems in Primary Care: The 15-method
Authors: Schøler P. , Søndergaard J. , Nielsen A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe 15-method: a new brief intervention tool for alcohol problems in primary care, has shown promising results in Sweden for mild to moderate alcohol use disorders.ObjectivesTo evaluate the 15-method’s usability, organizational integration, and overall implementation feasibility in Danish general practice (GP) in preparation for a large-scale evaluation of the method’s effectiveness in identifying and treating alcohol problems in GP.MethodsIn the Central and Southern Region of Denmark, five general practices participated: seven doctors and eight nurses. Participants received half a day of training in the 15-method. Testing of implementation strategies and overall applicability ran for two months. A focus group interview, two individual interviews with the participating doctors, and five individual patient interviews concluded the study phase.Resultsindicate that implementation of the 15-method is feasible in Danish general practice. The healthcare professionals and patients were optimistic about the method and its possibilities. The method was considered a new patient-centred treatment offer and provided structure to a challenging topic. An interdisciplinary approach was much welcomed. Results indicate that the method is ready for large-scale assessment.ConclusionsImplementation of the 15-method is considered feasible in Danish general practice, and large-scale evaluation is currently being planned. The results from the present feasibility study, and an overview of the large-scale evaluation, will be presented at the conference.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Climate change and substance use disorders – do we understand the risks?
Authors: Vergunst F. , Berry H. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionClimate change is increasing the frequency and intensity of severe heatwaves, storms, floods, droughts, and wildfires. These events cause widespread economic and social disruption and are undermining population health worldwide. Despite a growing literature on how climate change threatens mental health, its influence on harmful substance use has not been systematically addressed.ObjectivesWe propose an explanatory framework explicating the plausible links between climate change-related stressors and an increase in harmful substance use.MethodsWe critically review and synthesise literature documenting the pathways, processes and mechanisms linking climate change to increased substance use vulnerability.ResultsSeveral plausible pathways link climate change to increased risk of harmful substance use worldwide. These include: (1) anxiety about the impacts of unchecked climate change, (2) destabilisation of psychosocial and economic support systems, (3) increasing rates of mental disorders, and (4) increased physical health burden. Children may face disproportionate risk due to their vulnerability to both mental disorders and substance use, particularly during adolescence. We argue that a developmental life-course perspective situated within a broader ‘systems thinking’ approach provides a coherent framework for understanding how climate change is aggravating the multiple, persistent, interacting risks that influence harmful substance use pathways.ConclusionsClimate change is already undermining health and wellbeing of global populations. By inference, it is also aggravating pathway to harmful substance use. This is a critical psychosocial problem for individuals and communities alike. Conceptual and methodological work is urgently needed so that effective adaptive and preventive action can be taken.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Effect of original anticonvulsant ortho-fluoro-benzonal on immune cells functional properties at chronic ethanol intoxication
Authors: Markova E. , Savkin I. , Shushpanova Т. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionGABAa-receptors proved to be the molecular targets of ethanol on immune and nervous cells, potentiating alcohol influence. ortho-Fluoro-benzonal is known to be a circular urea derivative and an artificial ligand of GABA/BD-receptor and thus a potential candidate drug for alchoholism treatment.ObjectivesWe have shown the alcohol motivation decrease under ortho-fluoro-benzonal influence in experiment. The investigation of molecular mechanisms and functional targets of this substance is an important step in understanding of molecular pathogenesis and approaches to managing alcohol addiction.MethodsSplenocytes from male (CBAxC57Bl/6) F1 mice in a state of alcohol dependence owing to 6-month 10% ethanol exposure were aseptically obtained and cultured in presence of GABA, ortho-fluoro-benzonal and mitogens (LPS or concanavalin A). Proliferative activity of immune cells in vitro was estimated by means of radioactive 3H-thymidine incorporation.Results

The intact animals’ splenocytes revealed increased spontaneous proliferation, increased T-mitogen stimulated and decreased B-mitogen stimulated proliferation in the presence of ortho-fluoro-benzonal. The immune cells from alcoholized animals, demonstrating increased spontaneous proliferative activity and weaken susceptibility to the mitogens, showed normal response patterns, except B-mitogen response case, under ortho-fluoro-benzonal inluence. Addition of GABA into the cultures didn’t cancel most positive effects of ortho-fluoro-benzonal inluence, proving existence of their GABAaR-independent pathways, mediated by other barbiturate receptors in addition to GABAaR-dependent
ones.ConclusionsImmunomodulating properties of artificial GABA receptor ligand, ortho-fluoro-benzonal, in vitro has been shown. The compound may correct immune cells dysregulation caused by chronic ethanol exposure, so the original anticonvulsant has promise in the treatment of alcoholism.DisclosureThe authors have not supplied a conflict-of-interest statement.
The relationship between sleep problems and gaming addiction in adults
Authors: Neily C. , Maalej M. , Gassara I. , Feki R. , Smaoui N. , Zouari L. , Ben Thabet J. , Omri S. , Charfi N. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionProlonged exposure to Video games may have several negative cognitive and emotional consequences.However, a few investigations have explored the effects of video games addiction on sleep.ObjectivesTo study the effects of gaming addiction on sleep patterns in young adultsMethods
We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study.Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire on social networks targeting young adults between 18–40 years. We used the gaming addiction scale (GAS) in its validated Arabic short version. We also used the validated Arabic version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess the sleep quality of our participants.ResultsOne hundred and nine participants were included. The mean age was 29.6 ± 10.3. Males accounted for 60.6% of the study population. The mean Gas score was 13.11± 6.08.According to the GAS,25.7% were addicted gamers. The mean PSQI score was 7.25± 3.15. A poor sleep quality pattern (score > 6) was found in 59.6% of the participants. We found that the GAS score was significantly correlated to the total score of PSQI( P=0.003). We also found that the group with poor sleep quality had higher GAS scores (p= 0.014). We found a correlation between the GAS score and the following components of the PSQI: subjective sleep quality ( p= 0.01), sleep disturbances (p=0.024) and the use of sleep-promoting medication ( p=0.046)ConclusionsOur study showed that video gaming behavior had a significant effect on sleep quality. This can have negative consequences on life quality, together with an impaired performance at awakening.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Internet addiction: Gender-associated differences in psychological characteristics
Authors: Ponizovsky P. , Skurat E. , Trusova A. , Shmukler A. , Grechany S. , Ilyuk R. , Soldatkin V. , Yakovlev A. , Kibitov A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionInternet addiction (IA) is reported to cause significant negative psychosocial consequences. The gender specificity of psychological characteristics that are potentially significant for the formation of IA remains understudied.ObjectivesTo identify gender-related differences in the psychological characteristics of people with IA.Methods100 subjects aged 16-34 years who scored 65 points or more on the Chinese Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS) were identified and divided into 2 groups by gender: group 1 (54 men) and group 2 (46 women). The individual psychological characteristics were assessed with: the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS); the Bass-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ); the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ); the Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ); a short version of the Five-factor Personality Questionnaire (TIPI-RU) and the Cloninger Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-125).ResultsWomen were significantly more likely to experience fear of situations of interpersonal contact and action in public places (p=0.027). They experienced significantly more sexual violence in childhood (p=0.032) and were more likely to have personality traits such as “reward dependence” (p=0.002), “persistence” (p = 0.046), and “self-transcendence” (p=0.002). Men demonstrated physical aggression (p=0.009), suppressed emotions (p=0.019) significantly more often than women and characterized themselves as emotionally stable (p=0.048).ConclusionsThe gender differences identified in the cohort of individuals with IA can potentially be considered specific for this contingent, although such gender relationships can be observed in other forms of addiction and in the general population. The specificity of gender differences may reflect individual psychological markers of increased vulnerability to developing IA.DisclosureThe study was financially supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research within the framework of scientific project No 18-29-22079.
Personalized Care in Opioid Use Disorder maintained on Buprenorphine
Authors: Elarabi H. , Marsden J. , Alghafri H. , Adem A. , Lee A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionEffectiveness of buprenorphine (BUP) is moderated by medication misuse diversion and non-adherence, and poor retention and high cost. Contingency Managment has added benefit to BUP with Take-home doses as the most preferred reward by Opioid Use Disorder patients.ObjectivesExamine the clinical effectiveness of a novel incentivised medication adherence and abstinence monitoring to enable contingent access to increasing BUP take-home doses.Explore associations with opioid use and retention. Contrast characteristics of polysubstance abusers (PSA) and response to BUP, with single opioid users.MethodsTwo-arm, pragmatic, 16-week outpatient RCT of BUP maintenance.Takehome doses were provided as stepped-approach upto 4-weeks contingent of abstinence (UDS) and adherence according to Therapeutic Drug Monitoring-TDM. Primary outcome and secondard outcomes were % negative UDS for opioids anx retention, respectively. -ResultsOpioid % negative UDS was 76.7% (SD 25.0%) in I-AAM versus 63.5% (SD 34.7%) in TAU (13.3%; 95% [CI] 3.2%–23.3%; Cohen’s d 0.44; 95% CI 0.10–0.87). In I-AAM, 40 participants (57.1%) were retained versus 33 (46.4%) in TAU [OR: 1.54; 95% CI 0.79–2.98). PSA (73.7%, n=104) and carisprodol use increases non-fatal overdose (OR) 3.83, 95% CI 1.25 to 11.71) and 5.31, 95% CI 1.92 to 14.65], respectively. Opioid and non-opioid UDS are positively associated. BUP elimination rate (BUP-EL.R) predicts 26.5% to 65% of negative opioid UDS [Beta - 89.95, 95% CIl -154.20 to -25.70, R2 0.22]. Family enagement increases retention by 3-fold.ConclusionsBUP + incentivised TDM for contingent access to increasing take-home doses increased abstinence. BUP-EL.R seems promising in BUP treatment precision and BUP is clinically valuable in polysubstance abusers.Engaging family enhances retention.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Differences in addictive beliefs in people with psychostimulant addiction and in opioid addicts
Authors: Yan Y. , Gutkevich E. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionToday, a number of researchers consider the problem of addictive behavior as one of the most global problems for Kazakhstan and Russia. Some scientists consider CBT to be the most effective way to work with addictions. In our country there are no scientific works devoted to the study of addictive beliefs, so we decided to conduct such a studyObjectivesThe Objective of the study was to identify the characteristic addictive beliefs of drug addicts with different type of addiction: opioids and synthetic cathinones (designer drugs called “salts”, “bath salts”)MethodsQuestionnaire of addictive beliefs by A, Beck, questionnaire of beliefs about cravings by A. Beck and F. Wright, clinical interview. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used for data processingResultsPeople with opioid addiction are more likely to believe that their lives will become more depressive if they stop using drugs (p= 0.0347); that drug use is the only way to cope with pain in their life (p= 0.0347) and that they cannot cope with anxiety without drugs (p=0.009). Respondents who use synthetic psychostimulants endorse to believe that addiction is not a problrm for them (p= 0.0358).ConclusionsHaving categorized these beliefs in accordance with A. Beck’s classification, we came to the conclusion that “relief-oriented beliefs” are more typical for people who use opiates. The motive for use is often the desire to alleviate a negative emotional or physical state. For people using psychostimulants “salt”, “anticipatory beliefs” are more characteristic - the desire to experience euphoria and pleasant experiencesDisclosureNo significant relationships.
Alcohol abuse among women: a review with a gender perspective
Authors: Gonçalves Cerejeira J. , Santos Carrasco I. , Vallecillo Adame C. , De Andrés Lobo C. , Jiménez Aparicio T. , Queipo De Llano De La Viuda M. , Gonzaga Ramírez A. , Guerra Valera G. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The harmful use of alcohol is an important risk factor for the health of the population around the world. The incidence of alcohol dependence in women is increasing and both its consumption pattern and its consequences have unique characteristics.ObjectivesTo present a literature review focused on alcohol use disorder with a gender perspective.MethodsLiterature review.Results- Women use to start using alcohol sooner than men and this seems to be a risk factor to become addicted. - Due to physiological and psychological factors women experience more negative health effects from excessive alcohol use than men and it occurs at lower levels of use. - Psychiatric comorbidity associated with alcohol abuse such as anxiety and depression is more common in women and this in turn worsens the alcohol use disorder. - Alcohol consumption increases the vulnerability of women on several levels, including an increased risk of physical abuse.ConclusionsAlcohol abuse among women deserves special attention and a specific intervention focused on the gender perspective.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Superusers experiences in using naloxone to reverse opioid overdose - A qualitative study
Authors: Troberg K. , Isendahl P. , Dahlman D. , Håkansson A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSince June 2018, multi-site overdose prevention education and naloxone distribution has been available in the County of Skåne, Sweden. Among the participants there are individuals who have used naloxone to reverse overdose on multiple occasions (three times or more). Situations of overdose management are characterized by different conditions which inevitably lead to different decisions and outcomes.Objectives

To investigate the complex interaction of individual, social, and environmental factors of opioid overdose management, how these overdose situations affect responders´ lives, what impact prior experiences may have on engagement in future overdose situations and if needs of support to deal with these situations are met.MethodsQualitative study employing semi-structured interviews with individuals trained at needle exchange programs within the region who have used naloxone on more than two occasions to reverse opioid overdose. Interviews will be conducted during Q4 2021 and analysed thematically during Q1 2022.ResultsPreliminary clinical observations point to the ambivalence between positive consequences of empowerment and pride in saving lives, and negative feelings of prior decisions and the burden to engage in future overdoses, in addition to insufficient access to support when dealing with these negative consequences.ConclusionsNot yet available.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
A Structural Barrier to Healthcare: Stigma of Alcohol and Substance Use Disorders Among Health Care Workers
Authors: Yilmaz-Karaman İ.G. , Gündüz T. , Güleç G. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionIndividuals with substance use disorders are considered unpredictable and violent by the public. Besides, health care workers (HCW) may have negative attitudes towards them, despite their knowledge about addiction; which is related to lower quality of care. In Turkey, addiction service users are predominantly male, over ninety percent; while women make up a large percentage of psychiatrists.ObjectivesThe present study aims to evaluate if the HCWs level of stigma towards individuals with substance use disorder changes due to gender and mental health sector experience of the HCWs.MethodsWithin an online survey, participant HCWs answered Attitudes Towards Treatment of Substance Use Disorders Scale, Substance Addiction Stigmatization Scale, Alcohol Addiction Stigmatization Scale; in addition to sociodemographic questions.ResultsThree hundred ninety-eight HCWs were included in the analyses. 22.7% of them (n=91) were recruited in mental health sector. Mental health care workers had lower levels of stigma towards individuals with alcohol use disorders (14.78 vs 16.21, p=0.048) and substance use disorders (14.21 vs 20.09, p<0.001) and, lower levels of stigma towards addiction treatments (20.89 vs 23.93, p=0.007). Among mental health care workers, women scored higher numbers of stigmatization towards alcohol use disorder and addiction treatments (16.26 vs 12.98, p=0.003; 23.84 vs 17.29, p<0.001). On the other hand, women and men in other HCWs groups did not differ from each other in terms of stigmatization measurements (See Figure 1)ConclusionsThe gender of mental health care workers may be related to stigmatization towards addictive disorders. Future research should evaluate underlying factors.DisclosureNo significant relationships.