bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rural Research Capacity – a Co-Created Model for Research Success
Authors: Farris Paige , Crist Rachel , Miller Sylvia , shannon Jackilen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose. The National Institutes of Health have long challenged academia to improve clinical trial enrollment, especially in underrepresented populations; inclusive of geography, age, disability status, racial and ethnic minorities. It has been shown that rural and urban residents enrolled in clinical trials have similar outcomes, yet, rural healthcare systems struggle to provide opportunities to participate in clinical trials when infrastructure is limited or unsupportive of research programs and/or research staffing levels are insufficient. To fully address the barriers to clinical trial access in rural areas, it is not adequate to simply open more trials. Community receptivity of research as well as organizational and community capacity must be considered.
Methods. Herein we present the co-creation and implementation of a community-oriented approach to the receipt, review, and acceptance of clinical research in a rural community setting. We used an adapted 5 step Implementation Mapping approach to develop a systematic strategy intended to increase the success, and therefore, the number of clinical trials in a rural community.
Results. The review strategy, inclusive of a Regional Cultural Landscape and 3 co-created project submission and feasibility review forms, was pilot tested using a cancer early detection clinical trial that requires engagement from primary care and oncology and was shown to support strong researcher-community stakeholder communication, resulting in early identification and resolution of potential barriers and timely trial opening.
Conclusion. We propose that this approach may be replicated broadly as a key component of increasing clinical trial opportunities in rural and frontier settings.
Dynamic velocity planning method for parametric toolpath with mode-based tracking error control
Authors: Xiao Jianxin , Fang Jun , Li Bingran , Zhang Hui 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a dynamic velocity planning method for tracking error prediction and control based on a theoretical model of a servo control system. A balance between machining efficiency and machining accuracy is achieved by the proposed approach compared with the traditional method of reducing kinematic constraints and sacrificing machining efficiency to improve machining accuracy. Firstly, this study introduces a time-optimised algorithm based on velocity, acceleration and jerk and uses the pseudo-jump method to linearise nonlinear problems. Secondly, based on the three-loop model of PID servo control system commonly used in industry, a new tracking error prediction method based on kinematic parameters is proposed. A new feed rate planning control algorithm based on dynamic characteristics is proposed to realise the control of tracking error, considering the dynamic performance of the axis and based on the prediction results. Furthermore, because the speed control algorithm based on dynamic characteristics is not a linear constraint, this study proposes a method combining convex relaxation and pseudo jerk to linearise the nonlinear problem, effectively obtaining a near-optimal feed rate profile. Finally, on the basis of these research contributions, the experiments are compared with the traditional kinematics method. Results show that the new method has less tracking error and higher processing efficiency.
Terraced deposits linked to periodic collapse of caldera-forming eruption columns
Authors: Gilchrist Johan , Jellinek A Mark , Hooft Emilie , Wanket Sean 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Catastrophic caldera-forming (CCF) eruptions are the most impressive of volcanic phenomena in the geological record. Regionally, ash fall, pyroclastic density currents (PDCs), and tsunamis during such events can devastate civilizations and have powerful effects on climate [1-4]. However, relationships between the size of CCF eruptions and the magnitudes as well as types of their associated hazards are equivocal and intensely debated [4-11]. The character and intensity of hazards predominantly depend on how much erupted ash and entrained gases are delivered to the atmosphere and to the ground [12]. Here, we use scaled analog experiments and spectral analyses of well-preserved periodic terracing observed at the Sumisu and Santorini CCF eruption deposits to argue there are key quantitative clues to the dynamics governing CCF eruptions and their hazards in the terraced architectures of submarine CCF eruption deposits. We show that submarine eruptions in a `total collapse' (TC) regime deliver material to the water surface and seabed in periodic annular "sedimentation waves" (SW). Depending on the period between successive SWs, which increases with eruption intensity, their impact and spread at the sea surface and seabed can excite tsunamis, drive radial PDCs, and deliver material to form concentric backward-facing terraces with a wavelength that decreases with distance, or deposits that thin monotonically. In particular, SWs descending from powerful "deep water" eruption columns with heights comparable to the water depth, involves minimal interactions with the water surface and produce a deposit architecture similar to that observed at Sumisu caldera. SWs from similarly strong "shallow water" eruptions with tall subaerial columns, however, are strongly modi ed by the dynamics of their impact and spread at the water surface. Where these SWs overshoot and impact the seabed, intensive scouring and deposition produce relatively broad concave terraces consistent with observations from Santorini and Macauley calderas. Our results enable a novel explicit classification of submarine CCF eruption dynamics and eruption rates from the architectures of their terraced deposits and will inform studies of past and future hazards of CCF events and ongoing and future ocean drilling expeditions [13, 14].
Abnormal variations of the key genes in osteoporotic fractures
Authors: Wang Bin , Pan Lei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective
The classical osteoporotic signaling pathways include the four key genes (LRP5, Runx2, Osterix, and RANKL) influencing the regulation of osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. This study investigates the expression of these four genes associated with bone remodelling during fracture healing.
Methods
Ovariectomised rats as an osteoporotic group were randomly divided into three groups-group A, group B, and group C. Non-osteoporotic rats as control group were likewise divided into three groups-A0, B0 and C0, using the same method. The rats were killed on the third day of fractures in groups A and A0, on the seventh day of fractures in groups B and B0, and on the fourteenth day of fractures in groups C and C0. The bone specimens were taken from the femoral fracture site, and expression level of each gene in the bone specimens was detected using RT-qPCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry.
Results
LRP5, Runx2, and Osterix expressions were decreased in osteoporotic rat fractures and then increased over time. The expression of RANKL was elevated in osteoporotic rat bone specimens, which decreased after that.
Conclusion
The expressions of the four genes varied with time after fracture, which could be associated with the various stages of bone repair. The four genes can inform practice in ideal interventions in the prevention and management of osteoporosis.
Longitudinal study of calf morbidity and mortality and the associated risk factors on urban and peri-urban dairy farms in southern Ethiopia
Authors: Abebe Rahmeto , Dema Temesgen , Libiyos Yohanis , Teherku Woinshet , Regassa Alemayehu , Fekadu Amene , Sheferaw Desie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Calf morbidity and mortality are among the main causes of economic losses in dairy farms around the world. Poor calf management practices make the problem worse in developing nations like Ethiopia. This prospective longitudinal study was carried out in 70 dairy farms selected from southern Ethiopia with the aim of estimating the morbidity and mortality rates in calves and identifying the associated risk factors. To this end, a total of 274 calves were followed up every two weeks for major clinical health problems and deaths from birth to six months of age.
Results
The study revealed a morbidity rate of 12.7 cases and a mortality rate of 3.7 cases per 100 calf-months at risk in the study calves. The cumulative incidence of morbidity and mortality was also found to be 39.8% and 13.5%, respectively. Diarrhea was the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in calves, accounting for 71.3% and 62.1% of all morbidity and mortality, respectively. In a multivariable Cox regression analysis, the risk of morbidity was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in calves older than three months (HR = 0.22), female calves (HR = 0.57), calves raised by farmers who had completed secondary school (HR = 0.26) or college education (HR = 0.30), but it was significantly greater in calves born from dams affected with dystocia (HR = 2.4) and on farms where dairy farming is the farmers’ secondary source of income (HR = 1.7). Similarly, calves aged over three months (HR = 0.14), calves separated from their dams only after ingestion of colostrum (HR = 0.40) and owned by farmers who completed secondary school (HR = 0.08) or college education (HR = 0.13) all had lower mortality rates than other groups. Calves born to cows with dystocia were 5.2 times more likely to die.
Conclusion
The study concluded that calf morbidity and mortality rates in the study area are higher than economically tolerable levels and therefore it is recommended to raise awareness among farmers to improve calf management practices.
CT Tractography as a last option for penetrating abdominal wall injuries with equivocal contrast CT findings: A proposed diagnostic approach
Authors: Ewedah Moataz Mohamed , Bassiony Mahmoud , Asal Mohamed 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
CT tractography is a potential approach in which a CT is conducted after an entire stab wound tract is filled with a water-soluble contrast agent in patients with abdominal stab wounds. The goal of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of using CT tractography as an option in the management of penetrating abdominal trauma. Does CT Tractography function as a useful technique for assessing patients with Anterior Abdominal Stab Wounds (AASW)?
Patients and Methods
The study included 82 patients admitted to the trauma center at Alexandria Main University Hospital in Egypt who had penetrating anterior abdominal wall injuries, were in stable condition, and had a contrast CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis that was inconclusive about peritoneal penetration.
Results
A total of 57 patients underwent exploration after showing positive findings of contrast leak into the peritoneal cavity. 25 patients with CT Tractography results that demonstrated no leak into the peritoneal cavity were treated conservatively without the necessity for surgical intervention.
Conclusion
In the study, CT tractography correctly identified 100% of the patients who needed laparotomies, and none of the patients without peritoneal penetration required surgical intervention during follow-up. The examination of patients with AASW can be done efficiently by CT tractography.
Paclitaxel-loaded hybrid exosome for targeted chemotherapy of triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Liu Jihua , Tang Yucheng , Li Yongjiang , Hu Xiongbin , Huang Si , Xu Wenjie , Hao Xinyan , Zhou Min , Wu Junyong , Xiang Daxiong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly invasive malignant tumor with bleak prognosis.Paclitaxel (PTX) is the first-line chemotherapeutic drug for TNBC management. It is of great significance to develop carriers for targeted delivery of PTX to enhance the anti-tumor efficacy and reduce the side effects for TNBC management. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles and emerging competent nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery. However, the application of exosomes has been challenged by the production, drug loading and quality control. The introduction of synthetic nanomaterials may help to overcome the limitations of exosomes and generate alternatives. Herein, we performed a biohybrid approach to fuse exosomeswith liposomes to produce hybrid exosome (HE) with improved PTX loading capacity and enhanced tumor-targeting ability for TNBC chemotherapy.
Methods:HE and PTX-loaded HE (PTX-HE) were prepared by co-extrusion of exosomes with liposome (lipo) or PTX-loaded liposome (PTX-lipo) respectively. The size distribution of HE was measured by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and dynamic laser-light scattering (DLS). The morphology was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The protein profile of HE was determined by western blot and Coomassie Blue staining. Drug loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Cellular uptake, tumor cell killing effect and anti-migration ability of PTX-HE were evaluated in vitro. Biodistribution, anti-tumor therapeutic efficacy and safety of PTX-HE were evaluated in orthotopic TNBC mice models.
Results:The characterization results manifested HE was spherical structure with uniform size distribution (157.28 nm). HE had improved loading capacity (6.20 ± 0.79%) and higher encapsulation efficiency (86.79 ± 11.07%) of PTX than lipo. More importantly, PTX-HE possessed higher cellular uptake efficiency, lower IC50 (4.32 ± 0.48 μg/mL) and stronger anti-migration ability (cell mobility: 16%) as compared with PTX-lipo. In TNBC-bearing mice, PTX-HE accumulated at tumor sites and suppressed tumor growth (tumor inhibition rate: 60%) with minimal systemic toxicity.
Conclusions: HE exhibits improved drug loading capacity, targeting ability and cancer cell-killing effect. Overall, HE developed by fusing exosomes with liposomes provides a promising strategy for the large-scale generation of exosome alternatives as drug carriers for targeted chemotherapy.
Tripterine affect substance P-sensitized mast cell activity by regulating adhesion molecules and serine/threonine kinase pathway
Authors: Yao Ciyu , Chen Mengxue , Chen Huifang , Wang Tao , Jia Xiaokang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this research was to analyze the mechanism of tripterine anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activity in the substance P sensitized mast cells. Methods: Substance P was used to sensitize P815 cells, and Agilent Scanner G2505C gene chip was used to analyze differential gene. The mechanism of tripterine anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activity was analyzed by qPCR and flow cytometry. Results: Substance P significantly inhibited P815 viability, and significantly increased histamine concentration. Significance analysis showed substance P induced 1711 genes significantly up-regulated with fold change ≥ 2, and 2033 significantly down-regulated. The GO enrichment analysis showed the up-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) significantly enriched in superoxide metabolic process and nucleocytoplasmic transport, and the down-regulated DEGs mainly enriched in phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade and blood vessel remodeling. The KEGG pathway analysis found the up-regulated DEGs mainly enriched in RNA polymerase and Huntington’s disease, and the down-regulated DEGs mainly enriched in cell adhesion molecules and lysosome. Further research found that tripterine protected substance P- sensitized mast cell by regulating cell adhesion molecules and PI3K/AKT pathway. Conclusions: This study identified some key genes and pathways closely related with sensitized mast cell, and tripterine affected substance P- sensitized cell by adhesion molecules and PI3K/AKT pathway.
Verification of the integral conceptual model of frailty among community-dwelling older adults in China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Fan Jun-Yao , Xie Wen , Zhang Wen-Ya , Liu Yue-Ting , Wang Quan , Zhao Hui-Min , Kong Ling-Lin , Li Jie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The integral conceptual model of frailty (ICFM) integrates physical, psychological, social aspects of individuals and stresses that frailty is a dynamic state evolving over time. This study aimed to validate the ICMF among community-dwelling older adults in China.
Methods
The study recruited 341 older community-dwelling adults by convenient sampling method between June 1 and August 30, 2019 in Hubei province, China. The data was collected by questionnaire-based survey. Hierarchical regression analyses, Bootstrap method and the structural equation model were conducted in data analysis.
Results
Both linear and logistic hierarchical regression models were statistically significant. Life-course determinants, disease, and three domains of frailty together explained 35.6–50.6% of the variance of disability and all domains of quality of life. The mediation effect of frailty between disease and all adverse outcomes were significant, excluding hospitalization. The structural equation model guiding by the ICMF fits the data well.
Conclusions
The ICMF is valid among community-dwelling older adults in China. Therefore, the multidimensional concept of frailty should be widely used in Chinese communities.
Soft Tissue Aesthetic using Pink aesthetic score with Autogenous Dentin Chips and Immediate Implantation versus Conventional Immediate Implantation with Xenograft in Thin Buccal Bone: (Randomized Controlled clinical trial)
Authors: shoeib mona , Abdelrahman ahmed Reda , hamada cherine 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate soft tissue aesthetics around immediate dental implants with dentin chips and xenograft in thin buccal bone .
Methodology: 16 patients with non-restorable tooth were recruited in this study for immediate implant placement with augmentation . Patients were randomly assigned into two equal groups; dentin chips group with immediate implant and xenograft group with immediate implant also. Pink aesthetic score are recorded on loading at 6 months & after 1 year of implant insertion according to Vanlıoğlu . Also buccal bone , crestal bone resorption were measured using CBCT on 6 month & 1 year ; implant stability were measured using osstel immediately on implant insertion & before loading and pain is recorded as Numerical rating scale according to Breivik .
Results: In the present study, both groups showed better PES after 6 months and 1 year
P-value = 0.343; P-value = 0.199
nearly same level of crestal bone & buccal bone at 6 months & 1 year
P-value = 0.031; P-value = 0.029
P-value = 0.546; P-value = 0.268
implant stability is better at 6 months and one year P-value = 0.514; P-value = 0.340
and reduction in the post-operative pain within 1 week following implant placement with
but with statistically significant difference within each group and also between both groups.
Conclusions:
The use of autogenous dentin chips proved to be a valid alternative to bone grafting materials to fill the jumping gap in conjunction with immediate implants in the aesthetic zone.
PES, the overall difference between the control and the intervention groups showed no statistical significance
A qualitative evaluation and conceptual framework on the use of the Birth weight and Age-at-death Boxes for Intervention and Evaluation System (BABIES) Matrix for Perinatal Health in Uganda
Authors: Dynes Michelle M. , Daniel Gaea A. , Mac Valerie , Picho Brenda , Asiimwe Alice , Nalutaaya Agnes , Opio Gregory , Kamara Vincent , Kaharuza Frank , Serbanescu Florina 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Perinatal mortality (newborn deaths in the first week of life and stillbirths) continues to be a significant global health threat, particularly in resource-constrained settings. Low-tech, innovative solutions that close the quality-of-care gap may contribute to progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals for health by 2030. From 2012–2018, the Saving Mothers, Giving Life Initiative (SMGL) implemented the Birth weight and Age-at-Death Boxes for Intervention and Evaluation System (BABIES) matrix in Western Uganda. The BABIES matrix provides a simple, standardized way to track perinatal health outcomes to inform evidence-based quality improvement strategies.
Methods: In November 2017, a facility-based qualitative evaluation was conducted using in-depth interviews with 29 health workers in 16 health facilities implementing BABIES in Uganda. Data were analyzed using directed content analysis across five domains: 1) perceived ease of use, 2) how the matrix was used, 3) changes in behavior or standard operating procedures after introduction, 4) perceived value of the matrix, and 5) program sustainability.
Results: Values in the matrix were easy to calculate, but training was required to ensure correct data placement and interpretation. Displaying the matrix on a highly visible board in the maternity ward fostered a sense of accountability for health outcomes. BABIES matrix reports were compiled, reviewed, and responded to monthly by interprofessional teams, prompting collaboration across units to fill data gaps and support perinatal death reviews. Respondents reported improved staff communication and performance appraisal, community engagement, and ability to track and link clinical outcomes with actions. Midwives felt empowered to participate in the problem-solving process. Respondents were motivated to continue using BABIES, although sustainability concerns were raised due to funding and staff shortages.
Conclusions: District-level health systems can use data compiled from the BABIES matrix to inform policy and guide implementation of community-centered health practices to improve perinatal heath. Future work may consider using the Conceptual Framework on Use of the BABIES Matrix for Perinatal Health as a model to operationalize concepts and test the impact of the tool over time.
Anisotropic Approch of compact star as generalized Model
Authors: Ratanpal B. S. Ratanpal , patel Rinkal Patel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Note: Please see manuscript pdf for full abstract with equations.
we introduce a new class of interior solutions that are singularity free and useful for describing genuine anisotropic compact starobjects with spherically symmetric matter distribution. we have considered metric potential selecting B2(r)=1/(1-r2/R2)n,where n >2. The various physical characteristics of the model were specifically examined for the pulsar PSRJ1903 + 327 with its currentestimated data. According to analysis, every physical need for aphysically admissible star is satisfied and all features are acceptable.Further the stability of the model is examined. Numerous pertinent physical characteristics are also highlighted in graphical form.
Measuring the Cosmic X-ray Background accurately
Authors: Li Hancheng , Walter Roland , Produit Nicolas , Hubert Fiona 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Synthesis models of the diffuse Cosmic X-ray Background (CXB) suggest that it can be resolved into discrete sources, primarily Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs). Measuring the CXB accurately offers a unique probe to study the AGN population in the nearby Universe. Current hard X-ray instruments suffer from time-dependent background and cross-calibration issues. As a result, their measurements of the CXB normalization has an uncertainty of the order of ~15%. In this paper, we present the concept and simulated performances of a CXB detector, which could be operated on different platforms. With a 16-U CubeSat mission running for more than two years in space, such a detector could measure the CXB normalization with ~1% uncertainty.