bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tracing the Magnetic Field Topology of the Quiet Corona Using Propagating Disturbances
Authors: Morgan Huw , Korsós Marianna B. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The motion of faint propagating disturbances (PDs) in the solar corona reveals an intricate structure that must be defined by the magnetic field. Applied to quiet Sun observations by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA)/Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), a novel method reveals a cellular network, with cells of typical diameters 50″ in the cool 304 Å channel and 100″ in the coronal 193 Å channel. The 193 Å cells can overlie several 304 Å cells, although both channels share common source and sink regions. The sources are points, or narrow corridors, of divergence that occupy the centers of cells. They are significantly aligned with photospheric network features and enhanced magnetic elements. This shows that the bright network is important to the production of PDs and confirms that the network is host to the source footpoint of quiet coronal loops. The other footpoint, or the sinks of the PDs, form the boundaries of the coronal cells. These are not significantly aligned with the photospheric network—they are generally situated above the dark internetwork photosphere. They form compact points or corridors, often without an obvious signature in the underlying photosphere. We argue that these sink points can either be concentrations of closed field footpoints associated with minor magnetic elements in the internetwork or concentrations of an upward-aligned open field. The link between the coronal velocity and magnetic fields is strengthened by comparison with a magnetic extrapolation, which shows several general and specific similarities, thus the velocity maps offer a valuable additional constraint on models.
A Dynamical Model of the M101/NGC 5474 Encounter
Authors: Linden Sean T. , Mihos J. Christopher 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We present the first dynamical simulation that recreates the major properties of the archetypal nearby spiral galaxy M101. Our model describes a grazing but relatively close (∼14 kpc) passage of the companion galaxy NGC 5474 through M101's outer disk approximately 200 Myr ago. The passage is retrograde for both disks, yielding a relatively strong gravitational response while suppressing the formation of long tidal tails. The simulation reproduces M101's overall lopsidedness, as well as the extended NE Plume and the sharp western edge of the galaxy’s disk. The post-starburst populations observed in M101's NE Plume are likely a result of star formation triggered at the point of contact where the galaxies collided. Over time, this material will mix azimuthally, leaving behind diffuse, kinematically coherent stellar streams in M101's outer disk. At late times after the encounter, the density profile of M101's disk shows a broken “upbending” profile similar to those seen in spiral galaxies in denser environments, further demonstrating the connection between interactions and long-term structural changes in galaxy disks.
The Effect of Vitamin D Deficiency with Stunting and Overweight: A Meta-analysis Study
Authors: Nurhayati Isnani , Hidayat Anas Rahmad , Widiyanto Aris , Putri Santy Irene , Atmojo Joko Tri , Fajriah Asruria Sani 
Published: July 2022

Background: Childhood malnutrition such as stunting and obesity is an international public health problem leading to an increased risk of mortality and morbidity. Vitamin D deficiency has also been identified as a worldwide public health issue that is associated with an increase in the prevalence of related-chronic diseases.
Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigating the relation between vitamin D deficiency with stunting and overweight among children.
Methods: This was a systematic review and meta analysis study used articles from online database of PubMed, which published in 2011 to 2021. The dependent variables was stunting and overweight. The independent variable was vitamin D deficiency. The data was analyzed by RevMan.
Results: Subjects with below-standard vitamin D levels in the body had 1.86 higher risk of experiencing stunting (OR = 1.86; 95% CI 0.90-3.84; p = 0.09) and 2.76 higher being overweight (OR = 2.76; 95% CI 0.96-7.99 ; p = 0.09) compared with those with normal vitamin D levels, this result was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: There is a relation between vitamin D deficiency with stunting and overweight among children under 18 years
Topical Role of Ozonated Aloe vera Oil in Radiation Dermatitis: Expression of TGF-β and Collagen Density
Authors: Putri Intan Pratama Naelanaviri , Prajoko Yan Wisnu , Prihharsanti Christina Hari Nawangsih , Sadhana Udadi , Susilaningsih Neni 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: The effect of ozonated Aloe vera in the treatment of radiation dermatitis has not been studied, while long-term use of topical steroids can cause some side effects.

AIM: The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of topical administration of ozonated Aloe vera oil on the expression of TGF-β and collagen density in the treatment of radiation dermatitis.

METHODS: 36 Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into six groups, namely, K1 (negative control-without therapy), K2 (positive control-hydrocortisone cream 2.5%), P1 (Aloe vera oil), P2, P3, and P4 (ozonized Aloe vera oil 300/600/1200 mg/ml). Termination and immunohistopathological analysis of TGF-β expression and collagen density were performed after 7 days of treatment.

RESULTS: Measurement of TGF-β expression by ANNOVA test showed a significant difference between groups p = 0.001. The Post Hoc LSD test showed significant differences between groups K1 and P1, P2, P3, and P4 also between groups K2 and P2, P3, and P4. Measurement of collagen density by Kruskal–Wallis test showed a significant difference between the treatment groups p < 0.001. Post hoc Mann–Whitney test of collagen density found a significant difference between groups K1 and P1, P2, P3, and P4 also between groups K2 and P2, P3, and P4. Spearman’s rho correlation test showed a strong and unidirectional relationship between TGF-β and collagen (p < 0.001 and r = 0.722).

CONCLUSION: Topical ozonated Aloe vera oil increased TGF-β expression and collagen density in radiation dermatitis.
Showcasing synergies between agriculture, biodiversity and ecosystem services to help farmers capitalising on native biodiversity (SHOWCASE)
Authors: Kleijn David , Potts Simon , Öckinger Erik , Herzog Felix , Schaller Lena Luise , Bartomeus Ignasi , Häfner Kati , Bretagnolle Vincent , Sapundzhieva Anna 
Published: July 2022

The slow adoption by the agricultural sector of practices to promote biodiversity are thought to originate from three interrelated issues. First, we know little about which incentives effectively motivate farmers to integrate biodiversity into daily farm management. Second, few studies so far have produced evidence that biodiversity-based approaches produce benefits in terms of key variables for farmers (yield, profit). Third, there is a large communication gap between the scientists investigating biodiversity-based farming practices and the farmers who have to implement them. To overcome these barriers, SHOWCASE will review and test the effectiveness of a range of economic and societal incentives to implement biodiversity management in farming operations and examine farmer and public acceptance. Focus will be on three promising approaches: (i) result-based incentives, (ii) involvement in citizen science biodiversity monitoring and (iii) biodiversity-based business models. SHOWCASE will co-produce together with stakeholders solid interdisciplinary evidence for the agro-ecological and socio-economic benefits of biodiversity management in 10 contrasting farming systems across Europe. SHOWCASE will also design communication strategies that are tailor-made to farmers and other key stakeholders operating in different socio-economic and environmental conditions.
SHOWCASE will develop a multi-actor network of 10 Experimental Biodiversity Areas in contrasting European farming systems that will be used for in-situ research on biodiversity incentives and evidence for benefits as well as knowledge exchange. This network will be used to identify and test biodiversity indicators and targets relevant to all stakeholders and use them in a learning-by-doing approach to improve benefits of biodiversity management on farms, both within the network and beyond.
Est-ce la fin de la psychologie analytique ?
Authors: Sacco German Betty , Richer-Villar Samira 
Published: July 2022

Cet article explore la crise de la psychologie analytique déclenchée par le décalage entre la nature de l’approche jungienne et les tendances collectives occidentales. Alors que la psychologie des profondeurs est centrée sur le dialogue entre le conscient et l’inconscient pour éclairer la singularité de l’individu, l’ épistémè du monde occidental s’oppose à la nature même de la voie jungienne de deux façons. La première est la vision de la psychologie en tant que science mesurable qui a un objectif curatif ; la seconde est le fait que l’Occident expérimente le monde comme une réalité en forme de réseau qui met en avant multiplicité, superficialité, réversibilité, et rationalisation. Pour tenter de survivre dans un monde qui s’oppose à sa nature, la psychologie des profondeurs s’est efforcée de répondre aux exigences sociales ce qui a eu pour résultat un clivage entre la théorie et la pratique, la première s’occupant des faits objectifs, la seconde incluant les faits subjectifs. Si la psychologie analytique perpétue ce clivage, elle court à son extinction. Pour vivre, elle devrait assumer son rôle d’ombre collective et exprimer les valeurs que la conscience collective contemporaine a refoulées dans l’inconscient.
Les élites économiques dans les cabinets de gouvernement au Maroc de 1986 à 2016
Authors: Fouad El Haddad Ahmed 
Published: July 2022

Cet article propose d'analyser comment les élites ministérielles issues du monde des affaires, tant public que privé, investissent les fonctions ministérielles au Maroc. Les résultats statistiques d'une analyse quantitative suggèrent trois avantages compétitifs des élites économiques par rapport aux membres du gouvernement : la stabilité dans la fonction, des départements ministériels plus étendus et une occupation des secteurs de politique publique à caractère productif. Ce travail contribue à la littérature sur les coalitions de pouvoir entre les élites politiques et économiques en examinant comment elles se forment dans l'exécutif du système politique marocain avant et après le contexte de 2011. Classification JEL : H16, P16, G18, L26
La Stratégie nationale de l’environnement (SNE, 2001-2011) : levier de développement et réponse institutionnelle à la crise écologique en Algérie
Authors: Amine Mehdi Khelladi Mohammed 
Published: July 2022

Faisant face à une sévère crise écologique, l’Algérie a initié, au début de ce Millénaire, un modèle de développement qui serait apte à mieux conjuguer simultanément les impératifs économiques, sociaux et environnementaux. Au même moment, cette crise a été saisie telle une opportunité pour renouveler l’action publique environnementale via la Stratégie nationale de l’environnement (SNE). Au travers d’une démarche évaluative, le but de cet article sera un essai d’analyse de la SNE comme réponse institutionnelle à cette crise et catalyseur d’une nouvelle perspective de développement. Classification JEL : O13 ; P28 ; Q01 ; Q56 ; Q58
The Impact of Different Rose Bengal Formulations on Corneal Thickness and the Efficacy of Rose Bengal/Green Light Corneal Cross-linking in the Rabbit Eye
Authors: Gao Rongrong , Yan Mengdi , Chen Ming , Hayes Sally , Meek Keith M. , He Huanhuan , Chen Xueyang , Xu Wenjin , Yan Shixiang , Huang Yuyan , Ding Shengnan , Wang Qinmei , Li Junhua , Huang Jinhai 
Published: July 2022

PURPOSE:
To examine central corneal thickness (CCT) changes during in vivo rose bengal-green light corneal cross-linking (RG-CXL) and compare the CXL efficacy of different rose bengal formulations.

METHODS:
After epithelium removal, the right eyes of rabbits were immersed in rose bengal solution prepared by different solvents (water, phosphate buffered saline, dextran, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulos [HPMC]) for 2 or 20 minutes, then the rose bengal distribution in the corneal stroma was analyzed by confocal fluorescence detection. During the RG-CXL process, the CCT was measured at seven time points. The left eyes served as the untreated control group. Corneal enzymatic resistance and corneal biomechanics were tested to compare the RG-CXL efficacy.

RESULTS:

The rose bengal infiltration depths were 120 and 200 µm for the 2- and 20-minute groups, respectively. CCT increased significantly after infiltration, then decreased significantly in the first 200 seconds of irradiation and decreased slowly for the next 400 seconds. The CCT of the 20-minute groups was significantly thicker than that of the 2-minute groups (
P
< .0001). All RG-CXL treatments improved the corneal enzymatic resistance and corneal biomechanics, with the effects being greater in the 20-minute groups. The inclusion of 1.1% HPMC in the rose bengal formulation helped to maintain CCT during irradiation while not affecting either the infiltration of rose bengal or the efficacy of RG-CXL.

CONCLUSIONS:
Within the range studied, RG-CXL efficacy increased with infiltration time. The incorporation of a 20-minute infiltration of 0.1% rose bengal-1.1% HPMC into the RG-CXL procedure may further improve the safety of the treatment and its prospects for clinical use.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2022;38(7):450–458.]
Protein expression study of IMP3 in pancreatic and lung cancers
Authors: Abdel-Rahman Manar A. , Habashy Hany O. , Arram Eman O. , El Badrway Mohammad K. 
Published: July 2022

Background
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most important causes of cancer-related deaths. Similarly, lung cancer is the most common and deadly cancer among men worldwide. Resection specimen is required for diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Small biopsy is the main method for diagnosis of lung cancer. Immunohistochemistry is valuable in diagnosis and prognosis of both pancreatic cancer and lung cancer. IMP3 is a fetal protein not expressed in normal adult tissue. It is expressed in some malignant tumors such as lung and pancreas. In this study, we aimed to evaluate IMP3 protein expression in primary pancreatic adenocarcinoma and lung cancer and to correlate it with different clinicopathological variables.

Patients and methods
This study was performed by assessing IMP3 expression in 62 cases of pancreatic cancer and 15 cases of lung cancer and correlating results with different clinicopathological variables using immunohistochemistry.

Results
In pancreatic cancer cases, IMP3 was common in tumors involving both pancreas and duodenum and in tumors with lymphovascular invasion. In lung cancer cases, IMP3 was highly expressed in cases having collapse, effusion, and in high-grade tumors.

Conclusions
IMP3 could be a marker of aggressive behavior in certain patients with cancer, and this was delineated in both cases of pancreatic and lung cancer.
Immunohistochemical expression of AMACR and Cyclin D1 in bladder urothelial carcinoma in correlation to the histopathological characteristics
Authors: Hafez Fatma S. , Elgohary Shimaa A. 
Published: July 2022

Background
Bladder cancer is the tenth most common cancer in the world, and its incidence is increasing worldwide, particularly in the developed countries. Various markers have an important role in assessing the risk of bladder cancer, and their identification may have an impact on the prognosis or treatment of the tumour. Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) is well known as a marker for prostatic carcinoma. Cyclin D1 is a cell cycle regulator that control G1–S phase progression.

Materials and methods
Our study was retrospective, including 60 cases of urothelial carcinoma. Immunohistochemical expression was done and evaluated using AMACR and Cyclin D1. Correlations with clinicopathologic parameters were statistically assessed.

Results
AMACR expression was positive in 31 (51.7%) cases. Cyclin D1 expression was positive in 36 (60%) cases. Positive AMACR expression was significantly correlated with tumour size, high grade, advanced tumour stage, and muscle invasion. Positive Cyclin D1 expression was significantly correlated with papillary histologic type and perivesical soft tissue invasion. A significant correlation was reported between the concordance of positive immunohistochemical expression of both AMACR and Cyclin D1 and tumour grade.

Conclusions
AMACR expression results suggest the potential for AMACR to be used as a poor prognostic indicator as well as a therapeutic target in urothelial carcinomas. Cyclin D1 expression results implies a function in tumour invasiveness and progression. A significant correlation between concordance of expression of both markers and high tumour grade was reported. Therefore, an interaction between AMACR and Cyclin D1 could be present that has a specific impact on tumour grade.
Development of in-house heterogeneous thorax phantom and evaluation of pretreatment patient-specific transit dosimetry for intensity-modulated radiotherapy and volumetric modulated arc therapy plans
Authors: Bagdare Priyusha 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Patient-specific dosimetry before patient treatment plays a crucial role in radiotherapy (RT) treatment. Absolute point dosimetry and relative dosimetry using homogeneous phantom are the regular methods which are employed for dose verification in RT department. However, this method does not imitate the realistic radiation interaction taking place inside the patient's body as it is heterogeneous in nature. Hence, to perform the relative dosimetry inside the heterogeneous medium which can very well replicate the actual patient scenario, in the present work, we studied the radiological properties of in-house developed heterogeneous thorax phantom (HTP) phantom for different photon energies. And in the second part, we performed the patient-specific relative transit dosimetry by using the design cost-effective HTP.

Materials and Methods:
HTP was constructed with porous sawdust of pinewood of density 0.24 g/cm3, honeybee's wax of density 0.86 g/cm3, and rib cage of density 1.84 g/cm3 to mimic the actual human thorax. To assess the radiological properties of designed HTP, the mean depth of central axis isodose curves was measured on computed tomography images of homogeneous slab phantom (HSP), actual patient, and on HTP. To evaluate the performance of treatment planning system (TPS), quality assurance (QA) plans of 30 patients were generated on HTP, and the two-dimensional dose fluence calculated by TPS was compared with that of the acquired dose fluence on a linear accelerator. Global γ index passing criteria (dose difference of 3% and distance-to-agreement of 3 mm) were used to evaluate the closeness between the calculated and measured fluence maps.

Results:
The depth of various isodose lines along the central axis was found to be similar in HTP and actual patients as compared to HSP for different photon energies using varied gantry angles. The γ values for relative exit dosimetry were found to be <1 for >97% of data set points and the correlation factor r was found to be positive ≤1 for all QA plans which indicates the good correlation between calculated and acquired dose fluence.

Conclusions:
In-house developed HTP is a cost-effective phantom which resembles with that of the human thorax in terms of its radiological properties. Moreover, it can be a better QA medium for pretreatment plan verification of the actual patients.
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio as a predictor to differentiate between childhood migraine and tension-type headache
Authors: Ayça Senem , Ayta Semih 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background:
Migraine and tension-type headache (TTH) are common neurological disorders in children, and it is often difficult to differentiate between them. As migraine is associated with inflammation, hematological parameters, which can be used to indicate systemic inflammation, may be useful in its diagnosis. This study investigated whether hematological parameters could be used to predict childhood migraines and distinguish them from TTH.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 186 children (59 diagnosed with migraine, 65 diagnosed with TTH, and 62 healthy children) were included in the study. Hematological parameters, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) of the participants were measured and compared.

Results:
Children with migraine had a significantly higher (p = 0.002) PLR than those with TTH. A comparison of NLR of three groups did not significantly differ (p = 0.18).

Conclusion:
Our findings indicate that childhood migraine is characterized by an elevated PLR, marking this parameter as a potential predictor of the disorder. Moreover, this work suggests that PLR could function as a simple, inexpensive biomarker for distinguishing between childhood migraine and TTH.
Near hanging
Authors: Ranjan Manogya , Kale Yashraj , Selvan Jagadeesha , Prabhakar Appaswamy T. , Abhilash Kundavaram Paul Prabhakar 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Hanging is a very common mode of deliberate self-harm (DSH) used by patients. The spectrum of the triggers and methods used vary from play to place.

Objective:
To study the profile and outcome of near hanging.

Methods and Materials:
A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on patients presenting with near hanging to the Emergency Department (ED) between January 2017 and December 2018. Data were obtained from the triage registry of the ED.

Results:
During the study period, 1821 presented with DSH with 144 cases of near hanging. The mean age (SD) was 33 (12.9) years and the sex distribution was equal. One-tenth (9.7%) of them had a known psychiatric illness, whereas a quarter of them (22.9%) were under the influence of alcohol at the time of the incident. The most common material used was saree (52.8%). Eight patients were intubated elsewhere and referred to ED, whereas 79% required emergency intubation in ED, with the majority being hypoxic at arrival (84.7%). Of the 144 patients, 58.4% were admitted to the hospital, whereas 20.8% were discharged stable after 24 hours of observation. Among in-patients, the majority (92.7%) were discharged stable, 4.8% left against medical advice, and 2.3% died in the hospital.

Conclusions:
Hanging as a method of self-harm is used by a tenth of patients who present to the ED with DSH. Saree and rope are the most common materials used for this act. One-fifth of our patients had a bad outcome that was independent of most underlying baseline factors.