bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
C-reactive Protein and Racial Differences in Type 2 Diabetes Incidence: The REGARDS Study
Authors: Peper Kaitlyn M , Guo Boyi , Leann Long D , Howard George , Carson April P , Howard Virginia J , Judd Suzanne E , Zakai Neil A , Cherrington Andrea , Cushman Mary , Plante Timothy B 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Context
Black adults experience more type 2 diabetes mellitus and higher inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), than White adults. Inflammatory markers are associated with risk of incident diabetes but the impact of inflammation on racial differences in incident diabetes is unknown.

Objective
We assessed whether CRP mediated the Black–White incident diabetes disparity.

Methods
The REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study enrolled 30 239 US Black and White adults aged ≥45 years in 2003-2007 with a second visit approximately 10 years later. Among participants without baseline diabetes, adjusted sex- and race-stratified risk ratios for incident diabetes at the second visit by CRP level were calculated using modified Poisson regression. Inverse odds weighting estimated the percent mediation of the racial disparity by CRP.

Results
Of 11 073 participants without baseline diabetes (33% Black, 67% White), 1389 (12.5%) developed diabetes. Black participants had higher CRP at baseline and greater incident diabetes than White participants. Relative to CRP &lt; 3 mg/L, CRP ≥ 3 mg/L was associated with greater risk of diabetes in all race–sex strata. Black participants had higher risk of diabetes at CRP &lt; 3 mg/L, but not at CRP ≥ 3 mg/L. In women, CRP mediated 10.0% of the racial difference in incident diabetes. This mediation was not seen in men.

Conclusion
Higher CRP is a risk factor for incident diabetes, but the excess burden of diabetes in Black adults was only seen in those with lower CRP, suggesting that inflammation is unlikely to be the main driver of this racial disparity.
Circulating Liver-enriched Antimicrobial Peptide-2 Decreases During Male Puberty
Authors: Varimo Tero , Miettinen Päivi J , Vaaralahti Kirsi , Toppari Jorma , Huopio Hanna , Voutilainen Raimo , Tenhola Sirpa , Hero Matti , Raivio Taneli 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Context
Circulating levels of liver-enriched antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2), a ghrelin receptor antagonist, decrease under caloric restriction and increase in obesity. The role of LEAP2 in male puberty, a phase with accelerated energy demand, is unclear.

Objective
This work aimed to investigate whether circulating LEAP2 levels are downregulated in boys following the onset of puberty to respond to the energy need required for growth.

Methods
We determined circulating LEAP2 levels in 28 boys with constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP) who participated in a randomized controlled trial (NCT01797718), and were treated with letrozole (n = 15) or intramuscular low-dose testosterone (T) (n = 13) for 6 months. Blood sampling and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry–measured body composition were performed at 0-, 6-, and 12-month visits.

Results
Serum LEAP2 levels decreased statistically significantly during pubertal progression (0-6 months: mean decrease –4.3 [10.3] ng/mL, P = .036 and 0-12 months: –3.9 [9.3] ng/mL, P = .033). Between 0 and 6 months, the changes in serum LEAP2 levels correlated positively with changes in percentage of body fat (rs = 0.48, P = .011), and negatively with growth velocity and estradiol levels (rs = –0.43, P = .022, rs = –0.55, P = .003, respectively). In the T group only, the changes in serum LEAP2 correlated negatively with changes in T and estradiol levels. Between 0 and 12 months, the change in LEAP2 levels correlated negatively with the change in high-density lipoprotein levels (rs = –0.44, P = .022) and positively with the change in insulin (rs = 0.50, P = .009) and HOMA-IR (rs = 0.51, P = .007) levels.

Conclusion
Circulating LEAP2 levels decreased after induction of puberty reciprocally with increased growth rate and energy demand, reflecting the metabolic state of the adolescent. Further, the results suggest that estradiol levels may have a permissive role in downregulating circulating LEAP2 levels.
A Randomized Trial of Sitagliptin and Spironolactone With Combination Therapy in Hospitalized Adults With COVID-19
Authors: Abbasi Farhad , Adatorwovor Reuben , Davarpanah Mohammad Ali , Mansoori Yasaman , Hajiani Mehdi , Azodi Farzan , Sefidbakht Sepideh , Davoudi Shayesteh , Rezaei Farzana , Mohammadmoradi Shayan , Asadipooya Kamyar 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Context
COVID-19 may cause respiratory distress syndrome and death. Treatment of COVID-19 to prevent complications remains a priority.

Objective
Our investigation sought to determine whether combination of spironolactone and sitagliptin could reduce mortality for inpatients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods
This single-blind, 4-arm, prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted at Shiraz and Bushehr University of Medical Sciences hospitals between December 2020 and April 2021. We randomized hospitalized adult patients with COVID-19 pneumonia into 4 groups: control, combination therapy, sitagliptin add-on, or spironolactone add-on. The primary outcome was the clinical improvement of the patients in the hospital as measured on an 8-point numerical scale. The secondary outcomes included intubation, ICU admission, end organ damages, CT findings, and paraclinical information.

Results
A total of 263 admitted patients were randomly assigned to control group (87 patients), combination group (60 patients), sitagliptin group (66 patients), and spironolactone group (50 patients). There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics, except for higher age in control group. The intervention groups, especially combination therapy, had better clinical outcomes (clinical score on fifth day of admission: 3.11 ± 2.45 for controls, 1.33 ± 0.50 for combination, 1.68 ± 1.02 for sitagliptin, and 1.64 ± 0.81 for spironolactone; P = 0.004). However, the mortality rate was lower in patients who received spironolactone (21.84% control, 13.33% combination, 13.64% sitagliptin, 10.00% spironolactone; P = 0.275). Our intervention reduced lung infiltration but not the area of involvement in lungs.

Conclusion
Sitagliptin and spironolactone can potentially improve clinical outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Gout in Primary Hyperparathyroidism, Connecting Crystals to the Minerals
Authors: Mittal Madhukar , Patra Shinjan , Saxena Suvinay , Roy Ayan , Yadav Taruna , Vedant Deepak 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Musculoskeletal manifestations in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) range from 13% to 93% encompassing pseudogout, vertebral fracture, myopathy, and cord compression. Though pseudogout has been the most prevalent musculoskeletal condition in PHPT, rarely reports of acute gouty attacks in large joints including the knee have been reported in the literature. Here we detail a unique case of PHPT presenting with acute severe bilateral knee joint inflammatory arthritis accompanied by occasional abdominal pain. Joint aspiration fluid study revealed extracellular monosodium urate crystals exhibiting strong negative birefringence on polarized light microscopy suggestive of acute gouty arthritis. Hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia with high intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) confirmed the diagnosis of PHPT and a right inferior parathyroid adenoma was localized. Parathyroidectomy resulted in statistically significant clinical improvement of the debilitating joint manifestations, and the patient was able to walk again without support. Although the incidence of gout is increasing because of an overall increase in metabolic syndrome prevalence, a higher prevalence than in the general population is reported in PHPT. Serum uric acid levels positively correlate with serum iPTH levels in PHPT, and parathyroidectomy leads to a reduction in levels. Acute inflammatory joint pain due to urate crystal deposition in a large joint like the knee is an uncommonly reported condition in PHPT. Identifying the correct etiology in such a case can result in marked clinical improvement in the joint manifestations following surgical cure of hyperparathyroidism.
Globus Pallidus Interna and Ventral Intermediate Nucleus of the Thalamus Deep Brain Stimulation for Adductor Laryngeal Dystonia: a Case Report of Blinded Analyses of Objective Voice Outcomes in 2 Patients
Authors: Patel Rita R. , Zauber S. Elizabeth , Yadav Amol P. , Witt Thomas C. , Halum Stacey , Gupta Kunal 
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND:
Adductor laryngeal dystonia (ADLD) is a substantially debilitating focal progressive neurological voice disorder. Current standard of care is symptomatic treatment with repeated injections of botulinum toxin into specific intrinsic laryngeal muscles with extremely variable and temporary benefits. We report the use of bilateral deep brain stimulation (DBS) of globus pallidus (GPi) for long-term improvement of ADLD voice symptoms.

OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the effects of bilateral DBS of the GPi and ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) of the thalamus on vocal function in 2 patients with ADLD associated with voice and hand tremor.

METHODS:
Blinded objective and quantitative analyses of voice were conducted before and after treatment in 2 female patients (70 and 69 years). Paired t-tests were conducted to compare voice measurements pre-GPi and post-GPi and VIM-DBS. A 2-way analysis of variance was conducted to determine the interaction between target (GPi/VIM) and time (pre/post) for each voice measure.

RESULTS:
Although the follow-up period differed between patients, the GPi-DBS implanted patient had notable improvement in vowel voicing (%), extent of tremor intensity (%), and overall speech intelligibility (%), compared with preoperative status. GPi-DBS also resulted in significant improvement in cepstral peak prominence (dB). VIM-DBS resulted in a significantly greater change in the tremor rate (Hz).

CONCLUSION:
Changes in phonatory function provide preliminary support for the use of bilateral GPi-DBS for treatment of ADLD and bilateral VIM-DBS for vocal tremor predominant ADLD. Future studies with larger sample sizes and standardized follow-up periods are needed to better assess the role of DBS for ADLD.
Ultrasound-based radiomics nomogram for differentiation of triple-negative breast cancer from fibroadenoma
Authors: Du Yu , Zha Hai-Ling , Wang Hui , Liu Xin-Pei , Pan Jia-Zhen , Du Li-Wen , Cai Meng-Jun , Zong Min , Li Cui-Ying 
Published: February 2022

Objective: This study aimed to develop a radiomics nomogram that incorporates radiomics, conventional ultrasound (US) and clinical features in order to differentiate triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) from fibroadenoma. Methods: A total of 182 pathology-proven fibroadenomas and 178 pathology-proven TNBCs, which underwent preoperative US examination, were involved and randomly divided into training (n = 253) and validation cohorts (n = 107). The radiomics features were extracted from the regions of interest of all lesions, which were delineated on the basis of preoperative US examination. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator model and the maximum relevance minimum redundancy algorithm were established for the selection of tumor status-related features and construction of radiomics signature (Rad-score). Then, multivariate logistic regression analyses were utilized to develop a radiomics model by incorporating the radiomics signature and clinical findings. Finally, the usefulness of the combined nomogram was assessed by using the receiver operator characteristic curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results: The radiomics signature, composed of 12 selected features, achieved good diagnostic performance. The nomogram incorporated with radiomics signature and clinical data showed favorable diagnostic efficacy in the training cohort (AUC 0.986, 95% CI, 0.975–0.997) and validation cohort (AUC 0.977, 95% CI, 0.953–1.000). The radiomics nomogram outperformed the Rad-score and clinical models (p < 0.05). The calibration curve and DCA demonstrated the good clinical utility of the combined radiomics nomogram. Conclusion: The radiomics signature is a potential predictive indicator for differentiating TNBC and fibroadenoma. The radiomics nomogram associated with Rad-score, US conventional features, and clinical data outperformed the Rad-score and clinical models. Advances in knowledge: Recent advances in radiomics-based US are increasingly showing potential for improved diagnosis, assessment of therapeutic response and disease prediction in oncology. Rad-score is an independent predictive indicator for differentiating TNBC and fibroadenoma. The radiomics nomogram associated with Rad-score, US conventional features, and clinical data outperformed the Rad-score and clinical models.
Círculo de moralidad, exclusión jurídica y capitalismo de vigilancia
Authors: Burgos Osvaldo R. 
Published: February 2022

Nuestras sociedades exponen una insostenible fracturación de sus tramas intersubjetivas por la que millones de personas son privadas de sus derechos y sobreviven en territorios resignados por la juridicidad, negadas por el sistema que las excluye.
Aunque la exclusión jurídica precede al capitalismo de vigilancia, resulta funcional a sus objetos de predicción y comercialización de identidades y conductas futuras. Los excluidos del derecho y los incluidos deficientemente son, en los términos de esta lógica, el descarte.
La tesis de este ensayo parte del reconocimiento de la retroalimentación y continuidad del sistema: más capitalismo de vigilancia implica más certeza en las conductas futuras y consecuentemente, más descarte, más exclusión. Luego, los esquemas éticos de “éticas de círculo” legitiman y aceleran el proceso, naturalizando la pulverización del espacio político.
Con Zuboff, Benhabib y Fricker, propongo pensar una ética de justicia que avance sobre los prejuicios identitarios negativos que sostienen la injusticia epistémica, sustituyendo la compartimentación y/o el enfrentamiento como patrones de juicio por el reconocimiento al carácter intersubjetivo de cada subjetividad.
The Impact of Decision Rights on Innovation Sharing
Authors: Beer Ruth , Ahn Hyun-Soo , Leider Stephen 
Published: February 2022

Although innovation sharing between a buyer and a supplier—a common practice in the automotive industry—can increase the efficiency and total profit of a supply chain, suppliers are often reluctant to do so. Sharing innovations would leave the supplier in a vulnerable position if the buyer were to exploit the information (e.g., by resharing the supplier’s innovation with competing suppliers). Anecdotal evidence from automotive suppliers tells us that the nature of a supplier-buyer relationship for the most part depends on who (e.g., a short-run-focused procurement manager or a long-term-focused engineer) manages the relationship. In this paper, we examine how the allocation of decision rights to short-run- and long-run-focused employees affects collaboration between the firms. To accomplish this, we model a relationship between a supplier and a buyer where the buyer is a dual decision maker, consisting of long-run- and/or short-run-focused employees. We characterize the equilibrium of this model and show that the frequency of collaborative outcomes is lowest when the procurement manager has full control and highest when the engineer has full control or in a setup where employees can unilaterally enforce collaboration. A laboratory experiment confirms that collaborations occur more frequently when a manager with a long-term focus is in charge of or actively involved in decision making. Depending on how joint control is structured, joint control can help or hurt collaboration: Collaboration is highest when employees can unilaterally enforce it, whereas the random joint-control case results in collaboration that is as low as in the procurement manager control case. This paper was accepted by Serguei Netessine, operations management. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2021.4230 .
A MULHER NEGRA NO CAPITALISMO: UMA INVESTIGAÇÃO FILOSÓFICA E DESCOLONIAL
Authors: De Souza da Silva Karolina 
Published: February 2022

Desde o surgimento das discussões políticas em torno de questões identitárias,tais questões se mantiveram diante de pontos de vista bastante divergentes. Por um lado, há certa perspectiva que privilegia a luta por “identidades”, pensadas mais ou menos como uma constituição a priori, mesmo que seus atributos sejam estabelecidos socialmente.
AUTOMAÇÃO E CONTROLE DE UM MÓDULO MULTICANAL
Authors: Souza Serafim Elvis Michael 
Published: February 2022

A Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), participa de doisconvênios que a incluem na cooperação de grandes projetos na área de detecção departículas: O primeiro deles é uma colaboração internacional para a construção de um conjunto de 1660 detectores de radiação Cherenkov em uma área de 3000 km².
GEOPROCESSAMENTO, CADASTRO IMOBILIÁRIO E CRESCIMENTO DO BAIRRO MUCHILA: METODOLOGIA PARA GERIR A CIDADE DE FEIRA DE SANTANA
Authors: Assis da Silva Adriana 
Published: February 2022

Em Feira de Santana, a expansão urbana vem sendo destaque periodicamente,sobretudo, devido ao crescimento territorial da cidade, por conta do cruzamento de três grandes rodovias federais (BR 324, BR 116 E BR 101) e cinco estaduais (BA 052, BA084, BA 502, BA 503 E BA 504), que intensificou o interesse dos investidores de atividades terciárias, pois o tráfico de viajantes é considerado muito intenso e contribui no aumento das estatísticas financeiras.
ACESSO AOS SERVIÇOS DE SAÚDE POR CRIANÇAS COM SÍNDROME CONGÊNITA POR ZIKA VÍRUS NO BRASIL: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Do Nascimento Milcent Irene 
Published: February 2022

Desde 2015 o Nordeste tornou-se o epicentro global da epidemia de vírus Zika (ZIKV). Em janeiro de 2016, o Ministério da Saúde relatou a detecção do genoma do ZIKV em quatro casos de microcefalia no estado do Rio Grande do Norte. A microcefalia, no entanto, não é o único agravo observado nos bebês infectados pelo Zika.
Strategic Planning Using Engaged Scholarship: Building A Reentry Organization
Authors: Watson Jerry 
Published: February 2022

Given the incredible growth in incarceration numbers and resultant increases in returning prisoners, reentry programs play a critical role in the lives of justice involved individuals and their families, and communities. The aim of this engaged scholarship effort was to work in partnership with a community-based reentry organization to conduct strategic planning. Among the unique organizational assets identified were mental health services, social support groups, clinical professional development, and social entrepreneurship including housing and innovative technology development initiatives. Building on Indomitable Families Affected by Incarceration’s history, strengths, and opportunities, the results yielded a set of action steps to guide the organization’s future.
The absolute thermoelectric power of Nb–Mo alloys
Authors: Brodowsky Horst , Chen Qiyuan , Xiao Zhongliang , Yin Zhoulan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
After Onsager the thermopower of a material is related to the ratio either of two transport coefficients or of the gradients of the electrochemical potential of the electrons and the temperature. In metals the potential is a unique function of the temperature and this ratio can be replaced by the differential quotient, a function obtainable from the density of states of the metal as illustrated on a thermopower isotherm of Nb–Mo alloys.
God Who Comes to Mind: Emmanuel Levinas as Inspiration and Challenge for Theological Thinking
Authors: Sirovátka Jakub 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFrom the beginning, Levinas’ thought was received not only by philosophers but also by theologians. But his thought is very radical and represents both a challenge and an inspiration for theology. The article aims to see where the challenge and inspiration might lie. Levinas’s basic question is how finite thought can think an infinite and transcendent God. Levinas develops the phenomenology of the Idea of the Infinite and interprets Descartes’ idea of God as a practical desire. For Levinas, the relation to God is intrinsically linked to the relation to the Other. It is an attempt to characterize an autonomous ethical subjectivity whose autonomy, however, does not begin with the subject but in the Other, in whom the presence of God is always already manifest. This description of the subject corresponds to the human being as understood in Christian theology.
The Effects of High-Repetition Strength Training on Performance in Competitive Endurance Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Nugent Frank J. , Flanagan Eamonn P. , Darragh Ian , Daly Laura , Warrington Giles D. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Nugent, FJ, Flanagan, EP, Darragh, I, Daly, L, and Warrington, GD. The effects of high-repetition strength training on performance in competitive endurance athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res 37(6): 1315–1326, 2023—The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of high-repetition strength training (HRST) on performance in competitive endurance athletes. The methodology followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis protocol. A search of databases was performed until December 2020. Inclusion criteria were (a) competitive endurance athletes, (b) ≥4 weeks HRST intervention, (c) control or comparison group, (d) outcome measures of performance (either physiological or time trial performance), and (e) all experimental designs. Quality assessment was performed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. Of the 615 studies retrieved, 11 studies were included (216 subjects) and 9 studies provided sufficient data for the meta-analysis (137 subjects). The PEDro scale score had a mean of 5 of 10 points (range: 3–6). There was no significant difference between the HRST and control groups (g = 0.35; 95% confidence interval [CI] = −0.38 to 1.07; p = 0.35) or HRST and low-repetition strength training (LRST) groups (g = 0.24; 95% CI = −0.24 to 0.72; p = 0.33). The findings of this review and meta-analysis indicate that HRST does not result in improved performance over a 4- to 12-week period, and the results seem to be similar to LRST. The majority of studies involved recreational endurance athletes and had a mean duration of 8 weeks, which is a limitation of the findings. Future intervention studies should be > 12 weeks in duration and involve well-trained endurance athletes (maximal oxygen uptake [V̇o
2max] of >65 ml·kg−1·min−2).