bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are citizens ready to accept the deployment of biogas? A study of the environmental effort in France
Authors: Bourdin Sébastien , Chassy Angélique 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Despite the potential benefits of anaerobic digestion in the context of climate change and the need to move towards energy transition, there is a lot of resistance to biogas projects. Using a contingent valuation method, we test the extent to which the socio-economic characteristics of populations influence the environmental effort that people are willing to make for the deployment of biogas in a French region. Our results show that young people and people familiar with the biogas process are more inclined to develop biogas. We also highlight that the educational and location aspects should not be neglected in order to increase environmental effort and promote the adoption and development of biogas.
Hypoglycemia unawareness identified by continuous glucose monitoring system is frequent in outpatients with type 2 diabetes without receiving intensive therapeutic interventions
Authors: Huang Bingkun , Jiang Qiuhui , Wu Ting , Shen Qingbao , Wang Wengui , Wang Shoubi , Huang Yinxiang , Wang Shunhua , Huang Peiying , Lin Mingzhu , Shi Xiulin , Li Xuejun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Patients with diabetes are prone to asymptomatic hypoglycemia (AH) due to diminished ability to perceive the onset of hypoglycemia. However, the actual prevalence and influencing factors of AH in outpatients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have not been well investigated.
Methods: A total of 351 outpatients with T2DM underwent glucose monitoring by continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) for consecutive 72 hours without changing their lifestyle and treatment regimens. Hypoglycemia is defined as a blood glucose level less than 3.9 mmol/L, which was further divided into Level 1 hypoglycemia (blood glucose 3.0-3.9 mmol/L) and Level 2 hypoglycemia (blood glucose <3.0 mmol/L). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the possible risk factors of AH.
Results: In all 351 subjects studied, 137 outpatients (39.0%) were captured AH events, in which Level 1 AH and Level 2 AH accounted for 61.3% and 38.7%, respectively. 85 (62.0%) of the AH patients experienced nocturnal asymptomatic hypoglycemia (NAH) and 25 (18.2%) exclusively NAH. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that patients with younger age, lower hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) levels were associated with increased risk of AH. While after further grading of AH, male sex and Dipeptidylpeptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) regime were shown to be associated with lower risk of Level 2 AH.
Conclusions:Hypoglycemia unawareness could be frequently observed at either daytime or nighttime, although NAH was more common, in outpatients with T2DM. Relative relax HbA1c, stricter SBP targets, and DPP-4i prescription should be considered for patients who are prone to AH.
A holobiont approach towards polysaccharide degradation by the highly compartmentalised gut system of the soil-feeding higher termite Labiotermes labralis
Authors: Marynowska Martyna , Sillam-Dussès David , Untereiner Boris , Klimek Dominika , Goux Xavier , Gawron Piotr , Roisin Yves , Delfosse Philippe , Calusinska Magdalena 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground: Termites are among the most successful insects on Earth and can feed on a broad range of organic matter at various stages of decomposition. The termite gut system is often referred to as a micro-reactor and is a complex structure consisting of several components. It includes the host, its gut microbiome and fungal gardens, in the case of fungi-growing higher termites. The digestive track of soil-feeding higher termites is characterised by radial and axial gradients of physicochemical parameters (e.g.pH, O2and H2partial pressure), and also differs in the density and structure of residing microbial communities. Although soil-feeding termites account for 60 % of the known termite species, their biomass degradation strategies are far less well known compared to their wood-feeding counterparts. Results: In this work, we applied an integrative multi-omics approach for the first time at the holobiont level to study the highly compartmentalised gut system of the soil-feeding higher termiteLabiotermes labralis. We relied on 16S rRNA gene community profiling, metagenomics and (meta)transcriptomics to uncover the distribution of functional roles, in particular those related to carbohydrate hydrolysis, across different gut compartments and among the members of the bacterial community and the host itself. We showed that theLabiotermesgut was dominated by members of the Firmicutes phylum, whose abundance gradually decreased towards the posterior segments of the hindgut, in favour of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia. Contrary to expectations, we observed thatL. labralisgut microbes expressed a high diversity of carbohydrate active enzymes involved in cellulose and hemicelluloses degradation, making the soil-feeding termite gut a unique reservoir of lignocellulolytic enzymes with considerable biotechnological potential. We also evidenced that the host cellulases have different phylogenetic origins and structures, which is possibly translated into their different specificities towards cellulose. From an ecological perspective, the capacity to feed on distinct polymorphs of cellulose retained in soil may have enabled this termite species to widely colonise the different habitats of the Amazon basin. Conclusions: Our study provides interesting insights into the distribution of the hydrolytic potential of the highly compartmentalised higher termite gut. The large number of expressed enzymes targeting the different lignocellulose components make theLabiotermesworker gut a relevant lignocellulose-valorising model to mimic by biomass conversion industries.
A New Promising Evolutionary Optimization Algorithm Inspired by Monkeypox Replication Lifecycle
Authors: Mohamed Marwa F. , Hamed Ahmed 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Finding a promising solution for high-dimensional functions is a challenging task. Evolutionary algorithms that mimic the change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations have been proposed for this task. The main interesting point about these algorithms is that they ensure that the next generation is at least as good as the current one. However, the accuracy of the majority of evolutionary algorithms is limited. To alleviate this issue, this paper presents a novel optimization algorithm that mimics the monkeypox replication while hijacking body cells, referred to as the monkeypox optimization (MO) algorithm. First, MO starts by trying to attack and penetrate a cell. Second, after the penetration, MO starts replicating itself at a higher rate while ensuring that the new copies are much better, ensuring its convergence towards a desirable solution. For validation, MO is compared against seven recent optimization algorithms from its category using five standard benchmark functions from the IEEE congress of evolutionary. The results are impressive. In particular, MO has a higher convergence speed than its competitors while achieving promising results concerning the best, worst and average solutions.
Psychometrics of the Physical Health Attitude Scale in Taiwanese mental health nurses: A validation study
Authors: Tzeng Wen-Chii , Feng Hsin-Pei , Lin Chia-Huei , Chang Yue-Cune , Haddad Mark 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground The Physical Health Attitude Scale (PHASe) is a reliable and valid scale for assessing mental health nurses’ attitude towards providing physical healthcare to patients diagnosed with serious mental illness. Aims To psychometrically evaluate the Chinese adaptation of the PHASe. Methods A total of 520 mental health nurses from 11 hospitals across Taiwan participated in this study. Brislin’s translation model was utilized for the validation process. Both exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to establish the construct validity of the scale, and Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability were used to determine reliability. Results The four-factor 17-item Chinese version of the PHASe demonstrated satisfactory fit with significant factor loadings. Each factor had adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.70 to 0.80). Known-group validity was supported by the significant differences between groups with different attitudes. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the Chinese version of PHASe is acceptable for evaluating nurses’ attitude towards providing physical health care both within culturally Chinese societies and in cross-cultural studies.
Time to Discontinuation of Supplemental Oxygen Therapy and Predictors Among Adult Severe COVID-19 Patients Admitted at Eka Kotebe General Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2022: Retrospective Follow Up Study
Authors: Zelalem Mengistu , Yismaw Lieltework , Tesfa Mulugeta 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Understanding predictors of duration of oxygen requirement helps to identify risk groups for prolonged need of oxygen therapy and ensure timely treatment. However, not adequately studied including important predictors at admission such as baseline vital signs, laboratory biomarkers and treatments. Therefore, aim of this study was to assess time to discontinuation of supplemental oxygen therapy and its predictors among severe COVID-19 adult patients admitted at Eka Kotebe General Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2022.
Methods: A facility based retrospective follow-up study was conducted among severe COVID-19 adult patients received supplemental oxygen therapy admitted at Eka Kotebe General Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from 13th March 2020 to 6th April 2022. Data were collected using structured data extraction checklist. Then coded and entered into EPI-data 3.1 cleaned and exported to StataSE 14 and recoded for analysis. Frequencies and percentage, median and interquartile range, Kaplan Meier plots and Log-rank tests were used to describe data and compare survival distribution between groups. Cox proportional hazard model assumption and model fitness were checked. Finally Stratified Cox regression model was fitted. Hazard ratio with 95% confidence interval and P-value < 0.05 were used as a statistically significant association and interpretation of results.
Results: Median survival time to discontinuation of supplemental oxygen therapy was 10 days (IQR=6-15). Preexisting Comorbidities (AHR; 0.45, 95% CI:0.36-0.57), shortness of breath (AHR= 0.49, 95%CI:0.36-0.66), chest pain (AHR; 0.43, 95%CI: 0.26-0.71), nausea/vomiting (AHR= 0.51,95%CI:0.38-0.68),systolic blood pressure≥140mmHg (AHR= 0.45, 95%CI:0.33-0.61),high white blood cell count(AHR; 0.65,95%CI:0.49-0.85), neutrophil (AHR; 0.56, 95%CI:0.43-0.73), elevated alkaline phosphatase(AHR; 0.20, 95%CI:0.15-0.29), creatinine (AHR; 0.32, 95%CI:0.22-0.47) were significant predictors.
Conclusions and Recommendations: Median survival time to discontinuation of supplemental oxygen was reasonably longer. Severe COVID-19 adult patients with preexisting comorbidities, shortness of breath, chest pain, nausea/vomiting, high systolic blood pressure, white blood cell, neutrophil count, elevated alkaline phosphatase and creatinine should be expected to require longer duration of oxygen therapy and identified early and given more attention.
Identifiability of discrete Input-Output hidden Markov models with external signals
Authors: David Étienne , Bellot Jean , Corff Sylvain Le , Lehéricy Luc 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we consider a bivariate process (Xt, Yt) t∈Z which, conditionally on a signal (Wt) t∈Z , is a hidden Markov model whose transition and emission kernels depend on (Wt) t∈Z. The resulting process (Xt, Yt, Wt) t∈Z is referred to as an input-output hidden Markov model or hidden Markov model with external signals. We prove that this model is identifiable and that the associated maximum likelihood estimator is consistent. Introducing an Expectation Maximization-based algorithm, we train and evaluate the performance of this model in several frameworks. In addition to learning dependencies between (Xt, Yt) t∈Z and (Wt) t∈Z , our approach based on hidden Markov models with external signals also outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms on real-world fashion sequences.
Prevalence of anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and resilience in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic in a post-armed conflict area in Colombia
Authors: Gómez-Restrepo Carlos , Sarmiento-Suárez María José , Alba-Saavedra Magda , Calvo-Valderrama María Gabriela , Rincón-Rodríguez Carlos Javier , González-Ballesteros Lina María , Bird Victoria , Priebe Stefan , Loggerenberg Francois van 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The consequences that the COVID-19 pandemic had on the mental health of adolescents are emerging and require particular attention in settings where challenges like armed conflict, poverty and internal displacement have previously burdened their mental wellbeing. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 657 school attending adolescents in a post-armed conflict area in Colombia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Mental health information was obtained though screening scales. The prevalence observed for moderate to severe depression symptoms was 30.0% (CI95%=26.5-33.7) and for moderate to severe anxiety symptoms was 18.9% (CI95%=16.0-22.1). A prevalence of probable Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder of 22.3% (CI95%=18.1-27.2) was found. The CD-RISC-25 results for resilience had a median score of 54 [IQR:30]. These findings highlight the need to strengthen mental health care systems, with schools being key places in which prompt intervention might reduce the burden of mental distress in adolescents.
Investigating Silence in Online EFL Classes Among University Students in China during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Deng Yuhua , Jaganathan Paramaswari 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic forced teachers and students in some Chinese universities to adapt to online classes—a new norm in pedagogical transformation in teaching and learning in the context of big data. We made a case study of students’ silence in the online EFL (English as a Foreign Language) classes at Hunan Institute of Technology to uncover the cause of silence and shed some light on enhancing interactive communication to improve online EFL teaching and learning efficiency. The study analyzed the interactive data obtained from the teaching platform. Questionnaires were distributed to one hundred and two English major students and semi-structured interviews were conducted with sixteen teachers. The results showed that students’ silence was common in online EFL classes. Both the students and teachers cited four similar perceptions for the cause of silence, namely, student-related factors, teacher-related factors, online-related factors, and cultural factors. The student-related factors and online-related factors respectively were cited as key contributing factors to the silence. The study is significant in pedagogical implications as it provides some sharing on best practices for online teaching and learning for undergraduates.
Molnupiravir Use and Severe Covid-19 Outcomes During the Omicron Surge
Authors: Arbel Ronen , Sagy Yael Wolff , Battat Erez , Lavie Gil , Sergienko Ruslan , Friger Michael , Peretz Alon , Yaron Shlomit , Serby Danielle , Hammerman Ariel , Netzer Doron 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The oral antiviral molnupiravir is moderately effective in high-risk, unvaccinated non-hospitalized patients infected with early variants of SARS-CoV-2. Data regarding the effectiveness of molnupiravir against the B.1.1.529 (omicron) variant and in vaccinated populations are limited.
Methods
We obtained data for all members of Clalit Health Services, 40 years of age and older, eligible for molnupiravir therapy during the omicron surge. A Cox proportional-hazards regression model with time-dependent covariates was used to estimate the association between molnupiravir treatment and hospitalizations and deaths due to Covid-19, with adjustment for sociodemographic factors, coexisting conditions, and prior Covid-19 immunity status.
Results
A total of 19,868 participants met the eligibility criteria, of whom 1,069 (5%) received molnupiravir during the study period. In patients 65 years and above, the rate of hospitalizations related to Covid-19 in treated compared to untreated patients was 74.6 versus 127.6 per 100,000 person-days; adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.55 (95% CI, 0.34 to 0.88). The adjusted HR for death due to Covid-19 was 0.26 (95% CI, 0.10 to 0.73). Among patients aged 40 to 64, the hospitalizations rate in treated compared to untreated patients was 125.8 versus 49.1 per 100,000 person-days; adjusted HR 1.80 (95% CI, 0.86 to 3.77). The adjusted HR for death was 12.8 (95% CI, 3.41 to 48.2).
Conclusions
In a cohort of non-hospitalized, omicron-infected high-risk patients, molnupiravir therapy was associated with a significant reduction in hospitalizations and mortality due to Covid-19 in patients 65 years and above. However, no evidence of benefit was found in younger adults.
Hydrogel-Based Drug Delivery Nanoparticles with Conventional Treatment Approaches for Cancer Tumors; A comparative study using MCDM Technique
Authors: Onakpojeruo Efe Precious , Uzun Berna , Ozsahin Dilber Uzun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cancer is a disease caused by the uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in a part of the body leading to cell damage or death (Apoptosis). This could result in the death of the host carrier. Most death cases of cancer patients have been linked to the systematic administration of therapeutic agents (chemotherapy) and other conventional methods as the preferred treatment approach for cancer therapy. This treatment mortality is associated with side effects, off-target accumulation, toxicity, and rapid renal and hepatic clearance. In recent times, scientists have researched on targeting tumor sites and enhanced retention of constant drug delivery to tumors to mitigate side effects, and toxicity-related challenges. Water-containing polymers called Hydrogels is a unique discovery by scientist and researchers for highly effective drug delivery systems for cancer therapy. Drugs loaded into these hydrogels remain relatively stable owing to the network-like structure and organic tissue-like consistency of these drug delivery systems. This study is focused on comparing hydrogel-based drug delivery systems with other conventional methods of cancer therapy using the Multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) method called fuzzy Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations (PROMETHEE). The comparison is based on certain criteria and assigned weights of importance. The results from this study indicate that hydrogel-based therapy with a net flow of 0.1457 is the most favorable and optimum therapeutic approach for the general treatment of cancer diseases. Followed by surgery with a net flow of 0.1415, and hydron therapy, immunotherapy, and radiation therapy came third, fourth, and fifth with net flows of 0.0489, -0.0858, and -0.1062, respectively. Chemotherapy with a net flow of -0.1441 was the least ranked alternative. This study demonstrates that the approach taken will be beneficial and supportive in providing answers for healthcare decision-makers who are dealing with uncertainty issues and that it can be enhanced with the availability of more alternatives, and criteria, and by assigning weights of importance to the specific conditions of the individual cancer patients.
Empirical electronic polarizabilities for use in refractive index measurements at 589.3 nm: Hydroxyl polarizabilities
Authors: Shannon Robert D. , Fischer Reinhard X. , Van Alsenoy Christian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Refractive indices of minerals and inorganic compounds can be calculated from their chemical compositions using the additivity rule for electronic polarizabilities and converting the sum of polariz-abilities α using the Anderson-Eggleton relationship:αAE=(nD2-1)Vm4π+(4π3-2.26)(nD2-1)
with the molar volume Vm solved for the mean refractive index nD at 589.3 nm. Whereas the polariz-ability of cations is a single parameter, the polarizability of anions is described by a two-parameter term α−=α−o10−No/Van1.20 with α– = anion polarizability, Van = anion molar volume, and the two least-squares parameters α−o (corresponding to free-ion polarizability) and No. For hydroxyls, Shannon and Fischer (2016) introduced different parameter sets for non-H-bonded hydroxyls (α−o = 1.79 Å3, No = 1.792 Å3.6) and moderately strong H-bonded hydroxyls (α−o = 1.73 Å3, No = 2.042 Å3.6). In an effort to understand the lower polarizability of the H-bonded hydroxyl ions, we have evaluated observed and calculated polarizabilities, O-H, H∙∙∙O, O∙∙∙O distances, and O-H∙∙∙O angles in 10 minerals with non-hydrogen-bonded hydroxyls (mean &lt;O∙∙∙O&gt; distance 3.143 Å, mean &lt;H∙∙∙O&gt; distance 2.352 Å), in seven minerals with H-bonded-hydroxyls (&lt;O∙∙∙O&gt; = 2.739 Å, &lt;H∙∙∙O&gt; = 1.856 Å), and in 10 minerals with very strongly H-bonded hydroxyls (&lt;O∙∙∙O&gt; = 2.531 Å, &lt;H∙∙∙O&gt; = 1.525 Å). On the basis of quantum chemical cluster calculations using atomic parameters of well determined crystal structures of hydroxyl containing compounds, we found that calculated intrinsic polariz-abilities of OH are correlated with the hydrogen bond lengths H∙∙∙O and O∙∙∙O between donor and acceptor of the H-bond. This is demonstrated for LiOH, brucite [Mg(OH)2], portlandite [Ca(OH)2], clinometaborite (β-HBO2), sassolite (H3BO3), archerite (KH2PO4), kalicinite (KHCO3), metaborite (γ-HBO2), and NaPO2(OH)2.
Thus, we find that these summed intrinsic polarizabilities for OH-bonds which are involved in H-bonding are significantly lower than the corresponding summed intrinsic polarizabilities for OH-bonds not involved in H-bonding. We attribute the reduction in polarizability of hydroxyl ions in clinometaborite, sassolite, archerite, kalicinite and metaborite, and the compound NaPO2(OH)2 to the presence of H-bonds and a reduction of Hirshfeld atomic charge on the O atom.
Evaluating the costs and components of a territory-wide household water storage and treatment program in the US Virgin Islands
Authors: Voth-Gaeddert Lee E. , Momberg Douglas , Brathwaite Kela , Schranck Andrew , Libbey Stephen , Lemley Mandy 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAmong island communities, water security and access continue to be a critical issue. In the US Virgin Islands (USVI), 90% of households are capable of collecting roof-harvested rainwater, whereas less than 25% of households are connected to a municipal water system serviced by desalination plants. Rainwater collection leaves the household in charge of managing and treating their own water. Therefore, understanding current barriers to accessing water treatment technologies and the costs of a water storage and treatment program at scale are critical in developing a territory-wide program. In this study, we evaluate (1) household-level barriers to accessing water treatment technologies, (2) a cost breakdown of a UV water treatment pilot program, and (3) potential estimates of program costs at a territory-wide scale. The results suggest that for households, key barriers include knowledge of the problem or solution and capital and installation costs. From the programmatic cost evaluation, the water treatment technology and water testing services were the most expensive. However, given key adjustments, a territory-wide program is estimated to cost $30.4 M covering 50% of households. These data can be used by a coalition of stakeholders in allocating financial and managerial responsibility for a territory-wide water storage and treatment program in USVI.