bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of IDEA learning model in mathematics concept understanding
Authors: Sunismi Sunismi , Setiawan Yayan Eryk 
Published: March 2022

This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of the issue, discussion, establishment, and application (IDEA) learning model in embedding mathematical concepts understanding. It is a quantitative study with a quasi- experimental approach. This research was conducted at Malang Islamic University with students majoring Mathematics education study program and in their first academic year as the subjects. Subjects were divided into two group, experimental and control and measured their result using posttest only control group design. There are six instruments consisting six items used to measure mathematical concepts understanding. The results confirmed that H0 is rejected, while Ha is accepted proved by t count (3.132) more than table (1.674). It means there is a significant difference between the of both groups (experimental and control). In addition, the results indicated that the IDEA learning models is effective to assist students in understanding mathematical concepts showed by the higher score of experimental groups than control group. Three factors are involved in order to implement the IDEA learning model effectively; namely: individual problem-solving opportunities, active student involvement, and guidance and assistance (from lecturer) on the IDEA learning model. This research is only limited to preservice teacher, further research is required in order to implement this model for mathematics learning at junior and senior high schools’ level.
A review on efficiency improvement methods in organic Rankine cycle system: an exergy approach
Authors: Raju Gollangi , Kanidarapu Nagamalleswara Rao 
Published: March 2022

<span>Exergy, one of the handed-down energy conservation techniques, which can obtain from thermodynamic laws (first and second), will disclose the work presented within the system, the amount of irreversibility as well as what are the possible ways to reduce inefficiencies in the system. This discourse mainly highlighted various techniques and possible methods for efficiency improvement in the organic Rankine cycle (ORC). That means mainly concentrated on following key parameters like the selection of working fluid, suitable expander, the different heat source of an evaporator, and modifications in heat exchanger based on the application of ORC system through an exergy approach for better performance, decrease energy losses, and destruction rate. This review can help to pontificate for better-summarized results that were done before and suggested some ideas for how to select an optimized parameter for better efficiency and to decrease the destruction rate in the ORC system. </span>
Integrated resistivity study on the effect of dumpsite leachate on groundwater at Ezeani-Obimo, Nsukka, Enugu state Nigeria
Authors: Ossai Mirianrita Ngozi , Ojoajogwu Benjamin Shaibu , Yakubu John Akor 
Published: March 2022

The effect of dumpsite leachate on groundwater at the Ezeani-Obimo community was performed by employing Schlumberger and Wenner configurations for four vertical electrical sounding (VES) and four electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). Four geoelectric layers were obtained and characterized by KH, AK, KH, and QH curve types. The first layer, second and third layer has resistivity values ranging from 21.2 to 7026.0 with thickness and a depth ranging from 0·5-31.6 m. The fourth layer has resistivity values ranging from 105.9 to 3355.4 with undefined thickness and depth values harboring all the aquifer units in the study area. Aquifer resistivity and thickness values vary from 105.9 to 3355.4 and 6.6 to 27.1 m while aquifer conductivity ranges from 0·0003 to 0·0094 increasing towards the E-W direction. The longitudinal conductance and transverse resistance values vary from 0.0024 to 0.0623 and 698.94 to <br /> 27178.7 respectively. 2D ERT profiles show low resistivity in the eastern direction and a lateral spread of low resistivity value indicates that leachate flow is moving away gradually from the dumpsite to its outside environment. This study revealed that the layers harboring the aquifer in the area are significantly affected as a result of dumpsite leachate that accumulates on the surface. This result is beneficial for waste managers to take mitigation measures to prevent the risk of total contamination of the groundwater in the area in the nearest future.
Parahamaticolax ezoisoainame gen. et sp. nov. (Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Bomolochidae) parasitic in the bucco-branchial cavity of Physiculus japonicus Hilgendorf, 1879 (Pisces, Gadiformes, Moridae)
Authors: Izawa Kunihiko 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Parahamaticolax ezoisoainame gen. et sp. nov. is described based on a single specimen of the female copepodid V, recovered from the bucco-branchial cavity of Physiculus japonicus Hilgendorf, 1879 (Pisces, Gadiformes, Moridae), captured on the upper continental slope, off the Pacific coast of Mie Prefecture, Japan.
Architecture, Sculpture, and Apostolate at the Dominican Church of Negroponte
Authors: Olympios Michalis 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The present article endeavors to examine a decidedly understudied ensemble of early-fourteenth-century architectural sculpture gracing the interior of the church of the Dominican friary in the town of Negroponte, i.e. modern Chalkis on the island of Euboea. This building, now dedicated to Agia Paraskevi, has preserved a remarkable series of delicately carved corbels in the lateral chapels at its eastern end, together with an extremely elaborate set of sculpted archivolts assembled to form the triumphal arch of the cappella maggiore. After a brief discussion of the sculptures’ probable date and place within the cultural context of Lombard and Venetian Negroponte, the essay turns to the iconography of the diminutive figures emerging from the foliage on the triumphal arch archivolts. Representing not only the order’s venerable saintly patrons but also members of diverse social classes and even outcasts, such as the Jews, these sculptures appear to articulate a message of universal validity concerning the apostolic mission of the Friars Preacher that transcended the cultural landscape of medieval Greece, enriching scholarly discourse on the art of both the Dominicans and the Latin East.
Social Networks as New Public Forums?
Authors: Bassini Marco 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The article provides a comparative overview on recent case law developments concerning the so-called deplatforming, calling for a more in-depth consideration of the role of social network service providers. By comparing the US and Italian scenarios, it delves into the question on whether these operators should be equalized to public forums or State actors and then subject to stricter regulation with respect to content moderation.
A New Technique for Implementing ECtHR Judgments: Will It Work?
Authors: Mauri Diego 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this much-awaited ruling (Order No. 97 of 15 April 2021), the Corte Costituzionale had to decide on the constitutionality of the existing prohibition on release on parole for life prisoners convicted for Mafia-related crimes, in the absence of any cooperation with justice (ergastolo ostativo). This form of life imprisonment without prospect of release had already been deemed in contrast with Article 3 of the European Convention of Human Rights (echr) in the judgment rendered by the Strasbourg Court in Viola v. Italy (No. 2): on that occasion, the ECtHR invoked a legislative reform of the ergastolo ostativo. In the order at hand, the Corte Costituzionale, instead of formally declaring the unconstitutionality of relevant provisions, resorted to a recently crafted technique to postpone the hearing (until 10 May 2022) so as to give the Houses time to pass new legislation and fix the “systemic problems” outlined by the Strasbourg Court. This contribution aims at offering initial reflections on the use of such technique as an instrument for ensuring the proper implementation of ECtHR judgments in the domestic legal order. For this purpose, after an overview of the ECtHR case law in the field of ergastolo ostativo, it will provide an analysis of relevant proceedings before the Committee of Ministers qua monitoring body of the execution of ECtHR judgments. Finally, a critical appraisal of the reasons militating in favor of and against this technique, from the standpoint of the respect of human rights, will ensue.
“Plus Ça Change, Plus C’est la Même Chose”: State Immunity and International Crimes in Judgment No. 20442/2020 of the Corte di Cassazione
Authors: Berrino Giorgia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The Corte di Cassazione, with judgment No. 20442/2020, faced again the issue of German compensations for the victims of international crimes perpetrated by the Third Reich, ruling that immunity of Germany cannot be recognized in claims brought by the victims, or by their heirs, before the Italian courts. At first reading, the decision seems not to have added anything new to the domestic case law in Italy following judgment No. 238/2014 of the Corte Costituzionale. However, an in-depth analysis shows that there are two key points expressed by the Corte di Cassazione: the due effect of judgment No. 238/2014 and the overlap of the arguments used in the Italian judgments after 238/2014 and those prior to ICJ Judgment of 3 February 2012. At any rate, the problem of German compensation is still far from being resolved. The only way to reach the longed-for diplomatic solution would be a judgment similar to 238/2014 on the immunity of States’ properties from measures of constraint.
Opinion of Advocate General Hogan in Randstad Italia: Disarming the Constitutional Bomb
Authors: Scarcello Orlando 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this essay I summarize the Randstad Italia case, involving a preliminary reference from the Corte di Cassazione to the Court of Justice of the European Union (“cjeu”). By referring to the cjeu, the Corte di Cassazione attempts to overcome the interpretation of Article 111(8) of the Italian Constitution provided by the Corte Costituzionale. The Corte di Cassazione deems the restrictive interpretation of the notion of “reason of jurisdiction” incompatible with the EU principle of effective judicial protection, as it prevents plaintiffs from being heard by the Corte di Cassazione when their procedural rights have been violated. The Opinion of Advocate General Hogan is then considered, and it is showed how it proposes a solution of the case that avoids a possible constitutional clash with Italy. ag Hogan suggests a minimum standard of effective protection that leaves room for national procedural autonomy, in this case via the restrictive interpretation of Article 111(8) given by the Corte Costituzionale.
Italian Citizenship Attribution to Patrick Zaki
Authors: Minervini Gustavo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In July 2021, the Italian Chamber of Deputies passed a motion concerning certain actions to be taken in favor of Mr Zaki, an Egyptian activist and a student at the University of Bologna, who – until December 2021 – was arbitrarily detained in inhuman conditions in Egypt. Notably, the motion urged the Government to take all the necessary measures to naturalize the activist. Against this background, the present comment aims at analyzing the consequences of a possible attribution of citizenship, assessing its feasibility under international law as well as what Italy could do to uphold Mr Zaki’s human rights.
Taxonomic review of the genus Rhodostrophia Hübner, 1823 (Geometridae: Sterrhinae) in Iran
Authors: RAJAEI HOSSEIN , HAUSMANN AXEL , TRUSCH ROBERT 
Published: March 2022

So far, the species of the genus Rhodostrophia Hübner, 1823 (Geometridae), their diagnostic characters and their distribution in Iran have not been investigated in detail. Moreover, some species were misunderstood by earlier authors. To solve these problems, a survey of the Iranian Rhodostrophia species based on over 1700 specimens has been executed. The type series of all species known from Iran were examined. Additionally extensive material from different museums and private collections was morphologically studied and compared with the type material. DNA-barcoding was used as an independent line of information and the results were compared with the morphological data. Examination of the type material revealed that R. cuprinaria (Christoph, 1876) was misinterpreted for a long time. The taxon R. nubifera Brandt, 1941 syn. nov. is a younger synonym of Hugo Christoph’s R. cuprinaria, which was misidentified by himself in his later publications. An available name for “R. cuprinaria” in the old, erroneous sense is R. phaenicearia (Hampson, 1907). Three subspecies were recognized for R. terrestraria, including R. terrestraria farsi ssp. nov. Additionally, R. terrestraria furialis Brandt, 1941 syn. nov. is here regarded as junior synonym of R. terrestraria (Lederer, 1869); Rhodostrophia nubifera nubifera Brandt, 1941 syn. nov. and R. nubifera klapperichi Wiltshire, 1966 syn. nov. are here regarded as junior synonyms of R. cuprinaria (Christoph, 1876). R. abscisaria chlorotica Wiltshire, 1967 syn. nov. is downgraded to synonymy of R. abscisaria Brandt, 1941 and R. peripheres debilis Wiltshire, 1949 syn. nov. to synonymy of R. peripheres Prout, 1938. Rhodostrophia vahabzadehi sp. nov. is described as a new species. In total, 15 species are regarded as valid for the fauna of Iran. External and internal morphological characters for all examined species are illustrated. Distribution data are shown on maps for of all species. An updated checklist is presented for the Iranian representatives of the genus Rhodostrophia.
Extreme 2020 Summer SSTs in the Northern South China Sea: Implications for the Beibu Gulf Coral Bleaching
Authors: Chen Yicheng , Zhai Fangguo , Li Peiliang , Gu Yanzhen , Wu Kejian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A severe coral bleaching event occurred in the Beibu Gulf during boreal summer 2020. This event was caused by record-breaking warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the northern South China Sea (NSCS). Anomalous anticyclones (AACs) over the NSCS linked to the Indian Ocean warming and La Niña induced the extreme NSCS warming. In May–July 2020, anomalous anticyclonic-shear easterlies appeared over the tropical western Pacific as a Kelvin wave response to the Indian Ocean warming. These easterlies resulted in an AAC over the NSCS and tropical northwestern Pacific via the Ekman dynamics. Besides, the anomalous easterlies increased moisture fluxes from the Pacific to the Maritime Continent (MC), enhancing the MC convection and thus supporting the NSCS AAC via an anomalous Hadley circulation. In this stage, the increased incident shortwave radiation induced by the NSCS AAC was the major contributor to the NSCS warming. In September 2020, anomalous equatorial Pacific easterlies associated with the La Niña could trigger an NSCS AAC by enhancing the MC convection. The resultant AAC warmed the NSCS SST anomalies mainly by increasing downward latent heat flux and shortwave radiation. Downward heat advection associated with the NSCS AAC also contributed to the extreme NSCS warming.
Wildfire Smoke Observations in the Western United States from the Airborne Wyoming Cloud Lidar during the BB-FLUX Project. Part II: Vertical Structure and Plume Injection Height
Authors: Deng Min , Volkamer Rainer M. , Wang Zhien , Snider Jefferson R. , Kille Natalie , Romero-Alvarez Leidy J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The western U.S. wildfire smoke plumes observed by the upward-pointing Wyoming Cloud Lidar (WCL) during the Biomass Burning Fluxes of Trace Gases and Aerosols (BB-FLUX) project are investigated in a two-part paper. Part II here presents the reconstructed vertical structures of seven plumes from airborne WCL measurements. The vertical structures evident in the fire plume cross sections, supported by in situ measurements, showed that the fire plumes had distinct macrophysical and microphysical properties, which are closely related to the plume transport, fire emission intensity, and thermodynamic structure in the boundary layer. All plumes had an injection layer between 2.8 and 4.0 km above mean sea level, which is generally below the identified boundary layer top height. Plumes that transported upward out of the boundary layer, such as the Rabbit Foot and Pole Creek fires, formed a higher plume at around 5.5 km. The largest and highest Pole Creek fire plume was transported farthest and was sampled by University of Wyoming King Air aircraft at 170 km, or 2.3 h, downwind. It was associated with the warmest, driest, deepest boundary layer and the highest wind speed and turbulence. The Watson Creek fire plume intensified in the afternoon with stronger CO emission and larger smoke plume height than in the morning, indicating a fire diurnal cycle, but some fire plumes did not intensify in the afternoon. There were pockets of relatively large irregular aerosol particles at the tops of plumes from active fires. In less-active fire plumes, the WCL depolarization ratio and passive cavity aerosol spectrometer probe mass mean diameter maximized at a height that was low in the plume.
Implications of Multivariate Non-Gaussian Data Assimilation for Multi-scale Weather Prediction
Authors: Poterjoy Jonathan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Weather prediction models currently operate within a probabilistic framework for generating forecasts conditioned on recent measurements of Earth’s atmosphere. This framework can be conceptualized as one that approximates parts of a Bayesian posterior density estimated under assumptions of Gaussian errors. Gaussian error approximations are appropriate for synoptic-scale atmospheric flow, which experiences quasi-linear error evolution over time scales depicted by measurements, but are often hypothesized to be inappropriate for highly nonlinear, sparsely-observed mesoscale processes. The current study adopts an experimental regional modeling system to examine the impact of Gaussian prior error approximations, which are adopted by ensemble Kalman filters (EnKFs) to generate probabilistic predictions. The analysis is aided by results obtained using recently-introduced particle filter (PF) methodology that relies on an implicit non-parametric representation of prior probability densities—but with added computational expense. The investigation focuses on EnKF and PF comparisons over month-long experiments performed using an extensive domain, which features the development and passage of numerous extratropical and tropical cyclones. The experiments reveal spurious small-scale corrections in EnKF members, which come about from inappropriate Gaussian approximations for priors dominated by alignment uncertainty in mesoscale weather systems. Similar behavior is found in PF members, owing to the use of a localization operator, but to a much lesser extent. This result is reproduced and studied using a low-dimensional model, which permits the use of large sample estimates of the Bayesian posterior distribution. Findings from this study motivate the use of data assimilation techniques that provide a more appropriate specification of multivariate non-Gaussian prior densities or a multi-scale treatment of alignment errors during data assimilation.
Optimizing Pulmonary Outcomes After Total Laryngectomy: Crossover Study on New Heat and Moisture Exchangers
Authors: Longobardi Ylenia , Galli Jacopo , Di Cesare Tiziana , D’Alatri Lucia , Settimi Stefano , Mele Dario , Bussu Francesco , Parrilla Claudio 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of new devices—heat and moisture exchangers (HMEs) and adhesives—on pulmonary symptoms, subject adherence, quality of life, dermatologic symptoms, and patient satisfaction after laryngectomy.Study DesignProspective crossover study.SettingBetween December 2020 and April 2021, 40 patients were enrolled who had undergone laryngectomy, routinely used HMEs and adhesive, and were followed in our Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery.MethodsPatients were allocated into group A (new products) or group B (usual care) for 6 weeks. Then the 2 groups reversed, and each patient acted as his or her own control. Patients kept a diary and cough tally sheet. At baseline and after each 6‐week period, 2 questionnaires were administered: EQ‐5D (European Quality of Life–5 Dimensions) and CASA‐Q (Cough and Sputum Assessment Questionnaire).ResultsSix weeks of using new products resulted in the following effects for both groups: (1) a significant reduction in daily forced expectoration and dry coughs, (2) a significant improvement in all domains of the CASA‐Q, (3) an increase in adherence to HME use, (4) a significant reduction in shortness of breath and skin irritation, and (5) significantly better scores in the anxiety/depression domain of the EQ‐5D.ConclusionAchieving this reduction in patients who were already highly adherent to HME use is clinically relevant and underscores the importance of using better‐performing HMEs that can compensate for the humidification deficit. Improving pulmonary symptomatology could reduce patient restrictions in daily life and avoidance of social activity, with a consequent positive effect on quality of life.
Intra-articular Administration of Triamcinolone Acetonide in a Murine Cartilage Defect Model Reduces Inflammation but Inhibits Endogenous Cartilage Repair
Authors: Wesdorp Marinus A. , Capar Serdar , Bastiaansen-Jenniskens Yvonne M. , Kops Nicole , Creemers Laura B. , Verhaar Jan A.N. , Van Osch Gerjo J.V.M. , Wei Wu 
Published: March 2022

Background: Cartilage defects result in joint inflammation. The presence of proinflammatory factors has been described to negatively affect cartilage formation. Purpose: To evaluate the effect and timing of administration of triamcinolone acetonide (TAA), an anti-inflammatory drug, on cartilage repair using a mouse model. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A full-thickness cartilage defect was created in the trochlear groove of 10-week-old male DBA/1 mice (N = 80). Mice received an intra-articular injection of TAA or saline on day 1 or 7 after induction of the defect. Mice were euthanized on days 10 and 28 for histological evaluation of cartilage defect repair, synovial inflammation, and synovial membrane thickness. Results: Mice injected with TAA had significantly less synovial inflammation at day 10 than saline-injected mice independent of the time of administration. At day 28, the levels of synovitis dropped toward healthy levels; nevertheless, the synovial membrane was thinner in TAA- than in saline-injected mice, reaching statistical significance in animals injected on day 1 (70.1 ± 31.9 µm vs 111.9 ± 30.9 µm, respectively; P = .01) but not in animals injected on day 7 (68.2 ± 21.86 µm vs 90.2 ± 21.29 µm, respectively; P = .26). A thinner synovial membrane was moderately associated with less filling of the defect after 10 and 28 days ( r = 0.42, P = .02; r = 0.47, P = .01, respectively). Whereas 10 days after surgery there was no difference in the area of the defect filled and the cell density in the defect area between saline- and TAA-injected knees, filling of the defect at day 28 was lower in TAA- than in saline-injected knees for both injection time points (day 1 injection, P = .04; day 7 injection, P = .01). Moreover, there was less collagen type 2 staining in the filled defect area in TAA- than in saline-injected knees after 28 days, reaching statistical significance in day 1–injected knees (2.6% vs 18.5%, respectively; P = .01) but not in day 7–injected knees (7.4% vs 15.8%, respectively; P = .27). Conclusion: Intra-articular injection of TAA reduced synovial inflammation but negatively affected cartilage repair. This implies that inhibition of inflammation may inhibit cartilage repair or that TAA has a direct negative effect on cartilage formation. Clinical Relevance: Our findings show that TAA can inhibit cartilage defect repair. Therefore, we suggest not using TAA to reduce inflammation in a cartilage repair setting.