bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A unified nonempirical strength model
Authors: Feng Xing , Sun Guangpeng , Zhang Sitong , Wen Bin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Strength, as an important indicator of structural materials, has always been an important research topic in materials science. Theoretically, building a strength model is a rewarding method to understand the relationship between the mechanical properties and microstructure of materials. Although many strength models can reduplicate experimental values very well, they are empirical models, and their applicability is limited to materials for which empirical parameters have been obtained. Here, a nonempirical strength model is proposed based on the two-dimensional (2D) displacement potential of dislocation slipping, which can be applied to different chemically bonded crystals. Owing to the large electron localization function (ELF), covalent and ionic crystals have a high 2D displacement potential of dislocation slipping, and their dislocation slip mode prefers the kink-pair mode, further exhibiting a high critical resolved shear stress (CRSS). In contrast, metallic crystals with a small ELF have a low 2D displacement potential of dislocation slipping, and their dislocation slip mode is more inclined to the string mode, showing a low CRSS. This work provides new insights into dislocation-slipping configurations that will be useful for the development of new high-performance structural materials.
Advancing behavioral interventions for African American/Black and Latino persons living with HIV by integrating critical race theory, harm reduction, and self-determination theory: A qualitative exploratory study
Authors: Gwadz Marya 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
. Rates of participation in HIV care, medication uptake, and viral suppression are improving among persons living with HIV (PLWH) in the United States. Yet, racial/ethnic disparities in engagement along this HIV care continuum are persistent, particularly among African American/Black and Latino PLWH, signaling the need for novel approaches. We created a new conceptual model that integrates critical race theory, harm reduction, and self-determination theory, which was used to plan an intervention optimization trial to test five behavioral intervention comcompponents. The present qualitative exploratory study describes the integrated conceptual model (ICM) and explores participants’ perspectives on contributions of the ICM to study acceptability, feasibility, and impact.
Methods
. Participants were African American/Black and Latino PLWH poorly engaged in HIV care and with non-suppressed HIV viral load in New York City. From the parent optimization trial (N=512), we randomly selected 46 for in-depth semi-structured interviews on experiences in the optimization trial. Interviews were audio-recorded and professionally transcribed verbatim, and data were analyzed using directed qualitative content analysis.
Results
. On average, participants were 49 years old (SD=9) and had lived with HIV for 19 years (SD=7). Most were male (78%) and African American/Black (76%). All had taken HIV medication previously. Challenging life contexts were the norm comprised of poverty, poor quality/unstable housing, trauma histories exacerbated by current trauma, medical and mental health comorbidities, and substance use. Participants found the optimization trial highly acceptable. We organized results into four themes focused on the importance of 1) being understood as a whole person and in context; 2) trustworthiness and trust; 3) opportunities for self-reflection; and 4) support of personal autonomy. The salience of nonjudgment was prominent in each theme. Their experiences and perspectives reflected the ICM. Participants reported these characteristics were generally lacking in HIV care settings.
Conclusions
. The ICM for is a new useful model for research with AABL-PLWH with potential to enhance study acceptability, feasibility, and intervention effectiveness. Future application of the ICM is warranted to reduce racial/ethnic disparities. In a future study, we will explore participants’ perspectives on the specific intervention components in which they engaged and ways components can be improved.
Chemometrics-based evaluation on effect of sonication, contact time and solvent-to-solid ratio on total phenolics and flavonoids, fatty acids and antibacterial potency of Carica papaya seed against S. enteritidis, B. cereus, V. vulnificus and P. mirabilis
Authors: Sani Muhamad Shirwan Abdullah 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study was aimed on extraction optimization of antibacterial agent from Carica papaya seed against S. enteritidis, B. cereus, V. vulnificus and P. mirabilis as affected by sonication-assisted extraction (SAE), contact time (CT) and solid-to-solvent ratio (SSR). The principal component analysis (PCA) and individual evaluation approaches identified that no SAE, 8 CT and 1:10 SSR was the best treatment with the highest antibacterial potency. The PCA identified no SAE, 8 CT, and 1:5 SSR as the second-beat treatment. The yield, total phenolic compound (TPC), C18:1n9t and C16:1 fatty acids (FAs) in no SAE, 8 CT and 1:10 SSR treatment inhibited the growth of B. cereus, V. vulnificus and P. mirabilis while C21:0 and C15:0 in 30 min SAE, 8 CT and 1:2 SSR inhibited the S. enteritidis growth. The yield, TPC, C18:1n9t and C16:1 FAs, and C6:0 and C24:1n9, C20:1, C4:0 and C20:0 FAs had antagonistic effects on B. cereus, V. vulnificus and P. mirabilis growths. The C21:0, C15:0, C6:0 and C13:0, and C23:0, C20:0 and C11:0 FAs had antagonistic effects on S. enteritidis growth. The PCA also denoted that the MIC50 and MIC0 had a higher variation than MIC; hence, the former variables were better to use in PCA.
Role of Bioactive Phytoconstituents as Modulators of Hepatic
Carbohydrates Metabolising Enzymes: A Target Specific Approach to
Treat Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sharma Sachin , Choudhary Manjusha , Budhwar Vikas 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
Diabetes mellitus is the most prevalent malady, becoming a leading public health
concern around the world. It is a chronic endocrine metabolic disturbance that is accompanied by
the commencement of a sequence of complications. The liver primarily serves as the body’s
glucose or fuel reserve and also maintains standard blood sugar concentration. Hepatic
gluconeogenesis, glycolysis and glycogenesis are the key contributors to fasting or post-prandial
hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects. So, regulating these channels could be a viable
approach for mitigating hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Few potential synthetic drugs
that precisely target hepatic glucose-producing metabolic pathways are presently available, but
they have some serious negative effects like hypoglycaemia, hepatosteatosis and lactic acidosis.
Therefore, scientists have veered to herbal products because of their edible nature, costeffectiveness
and fewer side effects. Natural products and their isolated phytochemicals are
progressively being employed to manage hyperglycaemia by modulating the enzyme’s activity and
regulating transcription factors concerned with hepatic glucose synthesis. We reviewed the
potential effects of isolated bioactive phytochemicals on interesting targets that affect hepatic
glucose homeostasis in diabetes. This study illustrates the benefit and feasibility of developing
liver-specific drugs through secondary metabolites to restore hyperglycaemia.
An Evaluation of Computational Learning-based Methods for the Segmentation
of Nuclei in Cervical Cancer Cells from Microscopic Images
Authors: Maylaa Tarek , Windal Feryal , Benhabiles Halim , Maubon Gregory , Maubon Nathalie , Vandenhaute Elodie , Collard Dominique 
Published: February 2022

Background:
The manual segmentation of cellular structures on Z-stack microscopic images is time-consuming and often inaccurate, highlighting the need to develop auto-segmentation tools to facilitate this process.

Objective:
This study aimed to compare the performance of three different machine learning archi-tectures, including random forest (RF), AdaBoost, and multi-layer perceptron (MLP), for the auto-segmentation of nuclei in proliferating cervical cancer cells on Z-Stack cellular microscopy prolif-eration images provided by the HCS Pharma. The impact of using post-processing techniques, such as the StarDist plugin and majority voting, was also evaluated.

Methods:
The RF, AdaBoost, and MLP algorithms were used to auto-segment the nuclei of cervi-cal cancer cells on microscopic images at different Z-stack positions. Post-processing techniques were then applied to each algorithm. The performance of all algorithms was compared by an expert to globally generated ground truth by calculating the accuracy detection rate, the Dice coefficient, and the Jaccard index.

Results:
RF achieved the best accuracy, followed by the AdaBoost and then the MLP. All algo-rithms achieved good pixel classifications except in regions whereby the nuclei overlapped. The majority voting and StarDist plugin improved the accuracy of the segmentation but did not resolve the nuclei overlap issue. The Z-Stack analysis revealed similar segmentation results to the Z-stack layer used to train the image. However, a worse performance was noted for segmentations per-formed on different Z-stack positions, which were not used to train the algorithms.

Conclusion:
All machine learning architectures provided a good segmentation of nuclei in cervical cancer cells but did not resolve the problem of overlapping nuclei and Z-stack segmentation. Fur-ther research should therefore evaluate the combined segmentation techniques and deep learning architectures to resolve these issues.
Multimodal Analgesia Transversus Abdominis Plane Block-Ketorolac Combination being Superior to Paracetamol-Ketorolac as Postoperative Pain Management after Cesarean Section in an Indonesian Hospital
Authors: Isngadi  , Basuki Djudjuk R. , Nofiyanto Eko , Laksono Ristiawan M. 
Published: February 2022

Aim:
This study aimed to compare the outcome of multimodal analgesia using transversus abdominis plane block combined with ketorolac and multimodal analgesia oral paracetamol combined with ketorolac in postoperative pain after cesarean section.

Background:
Post-caesarean section pain resulted in prolonged recovery time, inhibited early breastfeeding initiation, and prolonged hospitalization. Multimodal analgesia is an important component of post-cesarean section pain management but has not been established in many Indonesian hospitals.

Methods:
This study was a retrospective, observational analytic study on 46 patients who received low-dose sub-arachnoid block anesthesia. A total of 24 subjects received bilateral transversus abdominis plane block employing ultrasonography-guided lateral approach, with Ropivacaine 0.25% in a total volume of 30cc combined with intravenous ketorolac 30 mg/8 h (Group B). A total of 22 subjects received oral paracetamol 500 mg/6 h combined with intravenous ketorolac 30 mg/8 h (Group A). Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), length of hospitalization, and mobilization time were analyzed using the T-test at a significance level of p<0.05 (confidence interval of 95%).

Results:
The NRS and mean time to start mobilization of patients who received transversus abdominis plane block combined with ketorolac were significantly better than patients who received paracetamol combined with ketorolac (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the length of hospitalization between the two techniques (p>0.05). Both modalities resulted in improvement in pain intensity over the mild pain range.

Conclusion:
Multimodal analgesia transversus abdominis plane block combined with ketorolac is superior to paracetamol combined with ketorolac for postoperative pain management after cesarean section.
Progress in Catalytic Decarboxylative Oxidative C-H Alkynylation
Authors: Panda Biswajit 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:Alkyne carboxylic acid derivatives are stable, non-toxic, inexpensive, and commercially available. They are prevalent intermediates for various synthetic transformations. In recent years, decarboxylative oxidative alkynylation reactions involving direct C−H bond activation of diverse carbo- and hetero-cycles with alkyne carboxylic acid have attracted more and more interest from the synthetic community. The joy and challenges of direct oxidative decarboxylative alkynylation have been discussed in detail to enlighten this highly emerging area. More emphasis is being placed on the fascinating implementation and advancement of various methods for the formation of C(SP2)-C(SP) bonds. This short review mainly focuses on developments of the decarboxylative oxidative alkynylation reaction, considering the uniqueness of each protocol by highlighting the substrate scope, selectivity, and yields in conjunction with mechanistic insights.
Optimized Nanoparticles for Enhanced Oral Bioavailability of a Poorly
Soluble Drug: Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Versus Nanostructured Lipid
Carriers
Authors: Darwish Manal K.M. , El-Enin Amal S.M. Abu , Mohammed Kamilia H.A. 
Published: February 2022

Introduction:
Rosuvastatin calcium (ROSCa) is an anti-hyperlipidemic drug with only
20% oral bioavailability due to its low solubility and high first-pass metabolism. Therefore, the
main purpose of this work was to compare solid lipid nanoparticles to nanostructured lipid carriers
and evaluate their effect on solubility improvement and hence the bioavailability of a model insoluble
drug.

Methodology:
Different nanosuspensions were formulated using high-speed homogenization and
ultrasonication techniques, using Apifil as solid lipid and Maisine as liquid lipid. The effect of
different variables on quality attributes (particle size, entrapment efficiency (EE), and in vitro release)
was studied using the Box-Behnken design. Then, the optimized nanoparticles were lyophilized,
filled into capsules, and evaluated. Finally, the optimized formula was clinically evaluated in
six healthy human volunteers.

Results:
It was observed that the variables had a great impact on EE and particle size. Nanoparticles
showed maximum particles of 180.3 nm, and % EE ranged from 40.77% to 91.67%. Capsules
loaded with NLCs were found to be more stable than those loaded with SLNs. The clinical study
of NLCs-ROSCa showed an enhancement in the C max (8.92 ng/ml) compared to the commercial
product (2.56 ng/ml) with approximately 349% relative bioavailability.

Conclusion:
ROSCa was successfully encapsulated in SLNs and NLCs. The optimized NLCs
formulation showed improved quality attributes compared to SLNs. Thus, NLCs loaded formulations
could be an effective oral drug delivery system to enhance the bioavailability of insoluble
drugs.
WITHDRAWN: Smart Trends: Liposome-Based Nanocarriers for Cancer Treatment and its Applications
Authors: Khatoon Rizwana , Huda Shamsul , Alam Md. Aftab 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
Liposomes are spherical vesicles containing one or more bilayers of phospholipids discovered by Dr. Alec D. Bangham in 1961. In the field of medicine, the discovery of liposomes drug delivery technology has produced incredible progress. Liposomes have become famous as versatile drug carrier systems due to various properties such as their biocompatibility, efficacy, capability targeting, and increased effectiveness in vivo. Reduced systemic toxicity, monitored and maintained drug release and increased features of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic drugs. Many methods can be used for the preparation of liposomes (like- Thin lipid film hydration technique, French pressure cell technique, etc.). The liposomes are considered with respect to physical, chemical, and biological factors. The sizing of liposomes is also a critical parameter which helps describe the liposome which is usually performed via sequential extrusion at relatively low pressure through a polycarbonate membrane (PCM). Current generation of liposomes such as magnetic loaded liposomes, ATP loaded liposome’s, Stealth loaded liposomes, and Hemoglobin (Haemosomes) loaded liposomes are formulated. The present field of liposomes concentrations in both clinical and diagnostic applications. The present study will explain the advantages, components of liposomes, methods of preparing, characterization, and implementation of liposomes in therapy for cancer.
RANCANG BANGUN INFUSE FLUIDA DETECTOR UNTUK PASIEN ICU MENGGUNAKAN METODE WSN (WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK)
Authors: Habibie Robi Yusuf , Adriansyah Andi 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT:ICU (Intensive Care Unit) patients really need more attention in their care because usually these patients suffer from serious illnesses. In handling it must also pay attention to the administration of fluids in the form of infusions that must be controlled according to the doctor's directions. Therefore, this study will discuss the infusion method detection system for ICU patients using the XKC-Y26-PNP sensor with wireless communication using a Wi-Fi network and sending notifications via a telegram application that can be accessed by the room nurse or patient waiting so that later they can remind them. to the room nurse if the fluid has not been replaced. This study aims to develop a fall detection device with the NodeMCU ESP82666 controller, which will then be sent a notification via Telegram. The study concluded that this device can detect the presence of fluid in the infusion bottle accurately if the infusion bottle is empty, the main processor will immediately send a notification to the Telegram Bot that has been created and sound a buzzer as a reminder to replace the infusion fluid by the practitioner as soon as possible.ABSTRAK:Pasien ICU (Intensive Care Unit) sangat membutuhkan perhatian lebih dalam perawatannya karena biasanya pasien tersebut menderita penyakit yang cukup serius. Dalam penanganannya harus pula diperhatikan pemberian cairan berupa infus yang harus dikontrol sesuai dengan arahan dokter. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini akan membahas mengenai sistem pendeteksi caran infus untuk pasien ICU menggunakan sensor XKC-Y26-PNP dengan komunikasi secara wireless memanfaatkan jaringan Wi-Fi dan mengirimkan notifikasi pada telegram yang dapat diakses oleh perawat ruangan atau penunggu pasien agar nantinya dapat mengingatkan kepada perawat ruangan apabila cairan belum diganti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan perangkat pendeteksi jatuh dengan kendali NodeMCU ESP82666 selanjutnya akan dikirim notifikasi melalui Telegram. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa perangkat ini dapat mendeteksi keberadaan cairan pada botol infus secara akurat apabila cairan botol infus kosong maka main prosesor akan segera mengirimkan notifikasi pada Bot Telegram yang sudah dibuat dan membunyikan buzzer sebagai pengingat agar cairan infus diganti oleh praktisi segera mungkin.
The Effect of Online Health Information Seeking on Physician-Patient Relationships: Systematic Review
Authors: Luo Aijing , Qin Lu , Yuan Yifeng , Yang Zhengzijin , Liu Fei , Huang Panhao , Xie Wenzhao 
Published: February 2022

Background
The internet has now become part of human life and is constantly changing people's way of life. With the increasing popularity of online health information (OHI), it has been found that OHI can affect the physician-patient relationship by influencing patient behaviors.

Objective
This study aims to systematically investigate the impact of OHI-seeking behavior on the physician-patient relationship.

Methods
Literature retrieval was conducted on 4 databases (Web of Science, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, SinoMed), and the time limit for literature publication was before August 1, 2021.

Results
We selected 53 target papers (42 [79%] English papers and 11 [21%] Chinese papers) that met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 31 (58%) papers believe that patients’ OHI behavior can enable them to participate in their own medical care, improve patient compliance, and improve the physician-patient relationship. In addition, 14 (26%) papers maintain a neutral attitude, some believing that OHI behavior has no significant effect on doctors and patients and others believing that due to changes in the factors affecting OHI behavior, they will have a negative or a positive impact. Furthermore, 8 (15%) papers believe that OHI search behavior has a negative impact on doctors and patients, while 6 (11%) papers show that OHI reduces Chinese patients’ trust in doctors.

Conclusions
Our main findings showed that (1) OHI-seeking behavior has an impact on patients' psychology, behavior, and evaluation of doctors; (2) whether patients choose to discuss OHI with doctors has different effects on the physician-patient relationship; and (3) the negative impact of OHI on China’s internet users is worthy of attention. Due to the low quality of OHI, poor health information literacy, short physician-patient communication time, and various types of negative news, patients' trust in doctors has declined, thus affecting the physician-patient relationship. Improvement of people's health information literacy and the quality of OHI are important factors that promote the positive impact of OHI on the physician-patient relationship.
The Evolution of Public Sentiments During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Case Comparisons of India, Singapore, South Korea, the United Kingdom, and the United States
Authors: Lwin May O , Sheldenkar Anita , Lu Jiahui , Schulz Peter Johannes , Shin Wonsun , Panchapakesan Chitra , Gupta Raj Kumar , Yang Yinping 
Published: February 2022

Background
Public sentiments are an important indicator of crisis response, with the need to balance exigency without adding to panic or projecting overconfidence. Given the rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, governments have enacted various nationwide measures against the disease with social media platforms providing the previously unparalleled communication space for the global populations.

Objective
This research aims to examine and provide a macro-level narrative of the evolution of public sentiments on social media at national levels, by comparing Twitter data from India, Singapore, South Korea, the United Kingdom, and the United States during the current pandemic.

Methods
A total of 67,363,091 Twitter posts on COVID-19 from January 28, 2020, to April 28, 2021, were analyzed from the 5 countries with “wuhan,” “corona,” “nCov,” and “covid” as search keywords. Change in sentiments (“very negative,” “negative,” “neutral or mixed,” “positive,” “very positive”) were compared between countries in connection with disease milestones and public health directives.

Results
Country-specific assessments show that negative sentiments were predominant across all 5 countries during the initial period of the global pandemic. However, positive sentiments encompassing hope, resilience, and support arose at differing intensities across the 5 countries, particularly in Asian countries. In the next stage of the pandemic, India, Singapore, and South Korea faced escalating waves of COVID-19 cases, resulting in negative sentiments, but positive sentiments appeared simultaneously. In contrast, although negative sentiments in the United Kingdom and the United States increased substantially after the declaration of a national public emergency, strong parallel positive sentiments were slow to surface.

Conclusions
Our findings on sentiments across countries facing similar outbreak concerns suggest potential associations between government response actions both in terms of policy and communications, and public sentiment trends. Overall, a more concerted approach to government crisis communication appears to be associated with more stable and less volatile public sentiments over the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic.