bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulação em saúde como ferramenta educativa no cuidado de enfermagem pediátrica: uma revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Silva Ronaldo Antonio da , Alencastro Lidiane Cristina da Silva , Ribeiro Antonia Dinágila do Nascimento , Medrado Graciane Cordeiro Correa , Castilho Geovane Roberto de Campos , Bernardino Fabiane Blanco Silva 
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: analisar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre o uso da simulação em saúde como ferramenta educativa no cuidado de enfermagem pediátrica. Método: revisão integrativa realizada com Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (simulação, treinamento por simulação e enfermagem pediátrica), nas bases de dados SCOPUS, MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE e CINAHL. Foram encontrados 2070 estudos, avaliados 39 textos completos, em que 30 artigos compuseram o corpus de análise final. Resultados: a maioria dos estudos são internacionais, atuais e desenvolvidos com estudantes de graduação enfermagem. A simulação foi utilizada como ferramenta educacional para a formação na graduação, capacitação/treinamento sobretudo de enfermeiros e na educação em saúde de cuidadores familiares. Seu uso propiciou melhorias em gerenciamento, autoconfiança, habilidades, comunicação eficiente e construção do conhecimento acerca da temática. Conclusão: a simulação se configurou como uma ferramenta educacional com potencial para o aprimoramento do cuidado em pediatria.
Ganhando na loteria e temendo pelo prêmio: experiência de famílias rurais sobreviventes à neoplasia mamária
Authors: Mistura Claudelí , Girardon-Perlini Nara Marilene Oliveira , Beuter Margrid 
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: compreender a experiência de famílias rurais que têm a mãe/esposa sobrevivente de câncer de mama. Método: pesquisa qualitativa fundamentada no referencial teórico do Interacionismo Simbólico e metodológico da Teoria Fundamentada dos Dados. Participaram 41 membros de seis famílias rurais. Os dados foram produzidos mediante entrevista aberta com questões circulares e construção do genograma familiar, sendo analisados pelo Método Comparativo Constante. Resultados: o Modelo Teórico definiu-se por duas categorias centrais: reconhecendo-se como uma família vitoriosa e (não) acreditando na cura do câncer de mama, representando simbolicamente a trajetória da experiência das famílias rurais. Conclusão: a experiência pode ser descrita como um movimento constante, interativo e integrado que a família se reconhece como vitoriosa, que “ganha na loteria” ao ter a mãe/esposa considerada curada, mas “teme perder o prêmio” pela recidiva.
Trend in Loaded Handgun Carrying Among Adult Handgun Owners in the United States, 2015‒2019
Authors: Rowhani-Rahbar Ali , Gallagher Amy , Azrael Deborah , Miller Matthew 
Published: November 2022

Objectives. To determine the frequency of loaded handgun carrying among US adult handgun owners overall and by state concealed carry law status. Methods. Using a nationally representative survey of US firearm-owning adults in 2019, we asked handgun owners (n = 2389) about their past-month handgun carrying behavior. Results. A total of 30.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 28.0%, 32.6%) of handgun owners carried handguns monthly, of whom 38.1% (95% CI = 33.6%, 42.7%) did so daily. In permitless carry states, 29.7% (95% CI = 25.9%, 33.9%) of handgun owners carried handguns in the past month, compared with 33.1% (95% CI = 29.9%, 36.3%) in shall issue states and 19.7% (95% CI = 14.9%, 25.5%) in may issue states. Of handgun owners without a permit, 7.5% (95% CI = 4.1%, 13.3%) of those in may issue states and 11.5% (95% CI = 8.5%, 15.4%) of those in shall issues states carried handguns in the past month. Conclusions. In 2019, about 16 million US adult handgun owners carried handguns in the past month (up from 9 million in 2015), and approximately 6 million did so daily (twice the 3 million who did so in 2015). Proportionally fewer handgun owners carried handguns in states where issuing authorities had substantial discretion in granting permits. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(12):1783–1790. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307094 )
School District Prevention Policies and Risk of COVID-19 Among In-Person K–12 Educators, Wisconsin, 2021
Authors: DeJonge Peter M. , Pray Ian W. , Gangnon Ronald , McCoy Katherine , Tomasallo Carrie , Meiman Jonathan 
Published: November 2022

Objectives. To assess the rate of COVID-19 among in-person K–12 educators and the rate’s association with various COVID-19 prevention policies in school districts.Methods. We linked actively working, in-person K–12 educators in Wisconsin to COVID-19 cases with onset from September 2 to November 24, 2021. A mixed-effects Cox proportional hazards model, adjusted for pertinent person- and community-level confounders, compared the hazard rate of COVID-19 among educators working in districts with and without specific COVID-19 prevention policies.Results. In-person educators working in school districts that required masking for students and staff experienced 19% lower hazards of COVID-19 than did those in districts without any masking policy (hazard ratio = 0.81; 95% confidence interval = 0.72, 0.92). Reduced COVID-19 hazards were consistent and remained statistically significant when educators were stratified by elementary, middle, and high school environments.Conclusions. In Wisconsin’s K–12 school districts, during the fall 2021 academic semester, a policy that required both students and staff to mask was associated with significantly reduced risk of COVID-19 among in-person educators across all grade levels. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(12):1791–1799. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307095 )
Perinatal anxiety and depression amidst the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Tambawala Zenab Yusuf , Saquib Shabnam , Salman Ayesha , Khalid Munia , Beshtawi Hiyam , Akbari Elham Ali , Binashoor Amina , Hubaishi Nawal , Raeisi Maryam Al 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background:
Pregnancy and COVID-19 increase risk of mental health conditions. Stress of pregnancy, childbirth and uncertainty about the global pandemic can negatively impact the obstetric population.
Objective:
To study the effects of COVID-19 pandemic in terms of anxiety and depression (Point Prevalence) in antenatal and postnatal mothers using the EPDS (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression scale) scale and GAD (Generalized Anxiety Disorder)-7 scale at Dubai Hospital.
Study design:
Cross-Sectional Observational Study.
Results:
Of the 784 women approached, 438 gave consent to participate in our survey, 43.6% of the women screened positive for depression by EDPS scale with cutoff of 10 or more as significant. 42% of the women had GAD-7 score 5 or more indicating anxiety. 32.4% of the women had both anxiety and depression. 7.5% had considered self-harm in last 14 days. 15% had COVID-19 during this pregnancy. The 11.87% who had COVID-19, but prior to the pregnancy, had a higher mean EDPS and GAD-7 score than others. Surprisingly, the women who had COVID-19 during pregnancy had statistically significant (p < 0.05) lower EDPS and lower GAD-7 score. University graduates had significantly (p < 0.05) higher EDPS and GAD scores. Women of middle eastern ethnicity (50% positivefor depression and 48.5% positive for anxiety) were more prone to depression and anxiety compared to South Asian (29% positive for depression and 25.2% positive for anxiety) and African women (39.6% positive for depression and 43.4% positive for anxiety). There was no statistically significant difference between antenatal and postnatal patient for prevalence of anxiety or depression.
Conclusion:
COVID-19 pandemic is associated with an increase in depression and anxiety in pregnant and postnatal women. Women who were more concerned about effects of pandemic had higher mean EDPS and GAD scores. Additional psychological support to women is necessary during the pandemic for maternal perinatal wellbeing.
Site Specific N- and O-glycosylation mapping of the Spike Proteins of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern
Authors: Shajahan Asif , Pepi Lauren , Kumar Bhoj , Murray Nathan , Azadi Parastoo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The glycosylation on the spike (S) protein of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes COVID-19, modulates the viral infection by altering conformational dynamics, receptor interaction and host immune responses. Several variants of concern (VOCs) of SARS-CoV-2 have evolved during the pandemic, and crucial mutations on the S protein of the virus led to increased transmissibility and immune escape. In this study, we compare the site-specific glycosylation and overall glycomic profile of the wild type Wuhan-Hu-1 strain (WT) S protein and five VOCs of SARS-CoV-2: Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron. Interestingly, both N- and O-glycosylation sites on the S protein are highly conserved among the spike mutant variants, particularly at the sites on the receptor-binding domain (RBD). The conservation of glycosylation sites is noteworthy, as over 2 million SARS-CoV-2 S protein sequences have been reported with various amino acid mutations. Our detailed profiling of the glycosylation at each of the individual sites of the S protein across the variants revealed intriguing possible association of glycosylation pattern on the variants and their previously reported infectivity. While the sites are conserved, we observed changes in the N- and O-glycosylation profile across the variants. The newly emerged variants, which showed higher resistance to neutralizing antibodies and vaccines, displayed a decrease in the overall abundance of complex-type glycans with both fucosylation and sialylation and an increase in the oligomannose-type glycans across the sites. Among the variants, the glycosylation sites with significant changes in glycan profile were observed at both the N-terminal domain (NTD) and RBD of S protein, with Omicron showing the highest deviation. The increase in oligomannose-type happens sequentially from Alpha through Delta. Interestingly, Omicron does not contain more oligomannose-type glycans compared to Delta but does contain more compared to the WT and other VOCs. O-glycosylation at the RBD showed lower occupancy in the VOCs in comparison to the WT. Our study on the sites and pattern of glycosylation on the SARS-CoV-2 S proteins across the VOCs may help to understand how the virus evolved to trick the host immune system. Our study also highlights how the SARS-CoV-2 virus has conserved both N- and O- glycosylation sites on the S protein of the most successful variants even after undergoing extensive mutations, suggesting a correlation between infectivity/ transmissibility and glycosylation.
The Contribution of Transdiagnostic Vulnerability Factors in Patients with Chronic Insomnia
Authors: Vand Hoda Doos Ali , Hooman Farzaneh , Yegaei Pardis Salehi , Ahmadi Reza , Asgarabad Mojtaba Habibi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Various transdiagnostic factors have been associated with insomnia severity. The current study aimed to predict insomnia severity based on a group of transdiagnostic factors including neuroticism, emotion regulation, perfectionism, psychological inflexibility, anxiety sensitivity, and repetitive negative thinking after controlling for depression/anxiety symptoms and demographic characteristics. Two hundred patients with chronic insomnia disorder were recruited from a sleep disorder clinic. Participants completed the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Clinical Perfectionism Questionnaire (CPQ), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (ASI-3), Repetitive Thinking Questionnaire (RTQ-10), Big Five Inventory (BFI-10), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). After controlling for the confounding variables (depression/anxiety symptoms and demographic characteristics), hierarchical multiple linear regression suggested a significant predictive model for insomnia severity that included factors of neuroticism (BFI), cognitive reappraisal (ERQ), personal standards (CPQ), evaluative concerns (CPQ), physical concerns (ASI), cognitive concerns (ASI), and repetitive negative thinking (RTQ). The findings support the role of transdiagnostic factors, especially physical concerns, repetitive negative thinking, and neuroticism in chronic insomnia. Future research using longitudinal designs is required to verify the causal status of transdiagnostic variables.
Synthetic Cannabinoids Impact on Cognitive Functions
Authors: Nagar zeinab El , Elrassas Hanan , Razek Yasser Abdel , Abdeen Mai , Mohamed Aya 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Synthetic cannabinoids SC are now becoming progressively popular among young people worldwide; little is known about their negative effects. Anger, anxiety, hallucinations and perceptual changes were the most common psychoactive findings. Substance abuse causes cognitive impairment (CI).
Study aim: This study's goal is to raise public awareness about the dangers that synthetic cannabinoid intoxication poses to public health. As well as the prevalence of CI in synthetic cannabinoids and its relationship to healthy people.
Study design and participants: The study included 30 synthetic cannabinoids SC addicts and 30 healthy people. The Wechsler memory scale (WMS) and the Benton visual retention test (BVRT) were used to assess cognitive functions. Addiction Severity Index (ASI), Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorder (SCID-I), and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Disorder (SCID II).
Findings: Cognitive performance differed significantly between synthetic cannabinoid users and non-users, with no correlation to patient age or synthetic cannabinoid use duration.
Conclusion: Patients who used synthetic cannabinoids SC were more likely than controls to develop CI, which manifested as impaired visual, auditory, immediate, delayed, and working memory.
Seasonal prediction of Indian summer monsoon using WRF: A dynamical downscaling perspective
Authors: Mohanty Manas Ranjan , Mohanty Uma Charan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Seasonal forecasting of the Indian summer monsoon by dynamically downscaling the CFSv2 output using a high resolution WRF model over the hindcast period of 1982–2008 has been performed in this study. The April start ensemble mean of the CFSv2 has been used to provide the initial and lateral boundary conditions for driving the WRF. The WRF model is integrated from 1st May through 1st October for each monsoon season. The analysis suggests that the WRF exhibits potential skill in improving the rainfall skill as well as the seasonal pattern and minimizes the meteorological errors as compared to the parent CFSv2 model. The rainfall pattern is simulated quite closer to the observation (IMD) in the WRF model over CFSv2 especially over the significant rainfall regions of India such as the Western Ghats and the central India. Probability distributions of the rainfall show that the rainfall is improved with the WRF. However, the WRF simulates copious amounts of rainfall over the eastern coast of India. Surface and upper air meteorological parameters show that the WRF model improves the simulation of the lower level and upper level winds, MSLP, CAPE and PBL height. The specific humidity profiles show substantial improvement along the vertical column of the atmosphere which can be directly related to the net precipitable water. The CFSv2 underestimates the specific humidity along the vertical which is corrected by the WRF model. Over the Bay of Bengal, the WRF model overestimates the CAPE and specific humidity which may be attributed to the copious amount of rainfall along the eastern coast of India. Residual heating profiles also show that the WRF improves the thermodynamics of the atmosphere over 700hPa and 400hPa levels which helps in improving the rainfall simulation. Improvement in the land surface fluxes are also witnessed in the WRF model.
Study on the sensitivity of injection-production parameters for the long-term safety and stability of salt cavern gas storage
Authors: Zhang Huabin , Wang Peng , Gao Kai , Yue Xianru 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Injection-production operation parameters such as the minimum injection gas pressure (IGP:operation pressure), IGP interval, minimum IGP residence time and injection-production cycle period of long-term operation of underground salt rock gas storage will not only affect the storage capacity and working ability of gas storage but also be crucial to the safety and stability of the surrounding rock. A 3D geomechanical model of a salt cavern was established by WinUbro to study the stability of gas storage in the operation period. Five evaluation criteria for predicting the feasibility and stability of gas storage were comprehensively considered, including deformation, expansion safety factor, volume shrinkage, plastic zone and sensitivity. The stability of the surrounding rock of the cavern under different injection-production operation parameters and the degree of influence of each parameter on the stability of gas storage during the operation period are compared. The results show that the displacement of the surrounding rock and its deformation distribution range, the displacement of the roof of the cavern, the expansion coefficient of the surrounding rock of the salt cavern and the volume shrinkage rate of the salt cavern decrease significantly with the injection-production operation parameters. The plastic zone of the salt cavern increases with the rise in the IGP interval and the increase in the minimum IGP; however, the minimum IGP residence time and injection-production period have no obvious influence on the plastic zone of the salt cavern. The IGP interval and the minimum IGP have a positive influence on the plastic zone of the salt cavern, however, the minimum IGP residence time and injection-production period have no obvious influence on the plastic zone. The sensitivity coefficients of each injection-production operation parameter are ranked, from largest to smallest, as follows: IGP interval, minimum IGP, minimum IGP residence time and injection-production cycle. This conclusion can provide a theoretical basis for further optimizing the operation scheme design of salt rock gas reservoirs and ensuring the safety and stability of the long-term injection-production process of layered salt rock gas storage.
Disease pattern, outcome, and associated factor of patient admitted in pediatric intensive care unit at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital, 2022: Retrospective study
Authors: Abebe Asmamaw , Adal Ousman , Noah Yafet 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To assess the disease pattern, outcome and associated factors of admitted patients at the pediatric intensive care unit at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from January 2021 to June 2022.
Methods
An institutional-based cross-sectional study conducted. Data collected using an adapted questionnaire from the chart review and registration book. Statistical package for social science (version25) used for data entry and analysis.
Result
Of 332 total admitted pediatric patients during the study period, most 124 (39.1%) were admitted from pediatric emergency departments. The mean pediatric intensive care unit median length of stay was 20.5 days. Most patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit 71 (22.4%) were due to respiratory problems, whereas gastrointestinal disease 10 (3.2%) was the least common admission diagnosis. The mortality rate was 125 (39.3%), mostly caused by cardiovascular disease (25.6%). Admission diagnosis and use of mechanical ventilation have a statistically significant association with PICU mortality with a P-value of 0.05 in binary logistic regression analysis.
Conclusion
Respiratory and neurological diseases were the predominant conditions leading to pediatric intensive care unit admissions in our setting. More than half (56.8%) patients used mechanical ventilation. The mortality rate was significantly associated with cardiovascular disease and patients who used mechanical ventilators.
Frequency and function of circulating regulatory T-cells in biliary atresia
Authors: Oita Satoru , Saito Takeshi , Sakamoto Akemi , Fujimura Lisa , Ohara Yukiko , Fumita Takashi , Terui Keita , Nakata Mitsuyuki , Komatsu Shugo , Matsuura Gen , Hatano Masahiko , Hishiki Tomoro 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Although the impairment of regulatory T-cells (Tregs) has been shown in the liver or portal area of biliary atresia (BA) the frequency and function of circulating Tregs in BA patients is poorly understood. We aimed to investigate the frequency and function of circulating Tregs in BA patients.
Methods
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected from 25 BA patients and 24 controls. Treg frequency was measured by flow cytometry; function was determined by T-cell proliferation assay. We also assessed the association between Treg frequency/function and clinical parameters in BA cases.
Results
There was no significant difference between the two groups in both frequency (BA: 3.4%; control: 3.2%; p = 0.97) and function (BA: 22.0%; control: 7.5%; p = 0.23) of Tregs. We further focused on 13 preoperative BA patients and 14 age-matched controls. Neither Treg frequency nor function were significantly different (frequency: BA: 4.6%; control: 3.4%; p = 0.38, function: BA: 2.7%; control: 7.6%; p = 0.89). There was no association between Treg frequency/function and clinical parameters.
Conclusion
Neither the frequency nor function of circulating Tregs was affected in BA patients, suggesting the negative role of circulating Tregs in the pathogenesis of BA. Further investigation of local Treg profiles is warranted.
Somatic GJA4 Mutation in Intracranial Extra-axial Cavernous Hemangiomas
Authors: Huo Ran , Yang Yingxi , Xu Hongyuan , Zhao Shaozhi , Song Dong , Weng Jiancong , Ma Ruochen , Sun Yingfan , Wang Jie , Jiao Yuming , Zhang Junze , He Qiheng , Wu Ruolei , Wang Shuo , Zhao Jizong , Zhang Junting , Wang Jiguang , Cao Yong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Extra-axial cavernous hemangiomas (ECHs) are sporadic and rare intracranial occupational lesions that usually occur within the cavernous sinus. The etiology of ECHs remains unknown. In this study, whole-exome sequencing was performed on ECH lesions from 12 patients (discovery cohort) and ddPCR was used to confirm the identified mutation in 46 additional cases (validation cohort). Laser capture microdissection (LCM) was carried out to capture and characterize subgroups of tissue cells. Mechanistic and functional investigations were carried out in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and a newly established mouse model. We detected somatic GJA4 mutation (c.121G > T, p.G41C) in 5/12 ECH patients in the discovery cohort and confirmed the finding in the validation cohort (16/46). LCM followed by ddPCR revealed that the mutation was enriched in lesional endothelium. In vitro experiments in endothelial cells demonstrated that the GJA4 mutation activated SGK-1 signaling that in turn upregulated key genes involved in cell hyperproliferation and the loss of arterial specification. Compared to wild-type littermates, mice overexpressing the GJA4 mutation developed ECHs -like pathological morphological characteristics (dilated venous lumen and elevated vascular density) in the retinal superficial vascular plexus at the post-natal 3 weeks, which were reversed by an SGK1 inhibitor, EMD638683. In conclusion, we identified a somatic GJA4 mutation that presents in over one third of ECH lesions and proposed that ECHs are vascular malformations due to GJA4-induced activation of the SGK1 signaling pathway in brain endothelial cells.