bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alcohol use recording in adults with depression in English primary care: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Adesanya Elizabeth , Cook Sarah , Crellin Elizabeth , Langan Sinead , Mansfield Kathryn , Smeeth Liam , Herrett Emily 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate alcohol use recording in people with newly diagnosed depression in English primary care and individual characteristics associated with the recording of alcohol use.DesignA population-based cross-sectional study.SettingPrimary care data from English practices contributing to the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink.ParticipantsWe included adults (18+ years) diagnosed with depression between 1 January 2011 and 1 January 2017 without previous antidepressant use and at least 1 year of registration before diagnosis.Primary and secondary outcome measuresWe described the proportion of individuals with alcohol use and level of alcohol use recorded at four time points (the date of depression diagnosis, 3 months before or after depression diagnosis, 12 months before or after depression diagnosis and any point pre or postdepression diagnosis). We used logistic regression to investigate individual characteristics associated with alcohol use recording in the 3 months before or after depression diagnosis.ResultsWe identified 36 424 adults with depression. 538 (2%) had alcohol use recorded in the 3 months before or after depression diagnosis using formal validated methods such as the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and its abbreviated versions. At each time point, most individuals with alcohol use recorded were low risk drinkers. Alcohol use recording in the 3 months before or after depression diagnosis was associated with male sex (OR=1.38, 95% CI 1.29 to 1.48) and several other individual-level factors.ConclusionsOur study shows low levels of alcohol use recording in the 3 months before or after depression diagnosis. Levels of alcohol use recording varied depending on individual characteristics. Incentivised recording of alcohol use will increase completeness, which could improve clinical management and reduce missed opportunities for care in people with depression.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on a respiratory physiology department and the patient’s perception of rapid service change
Authors: Cliff Ian , Mustfa Naveed , Hussain Imran , Munro Emma , Bishop Hayley , Stone Helen 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundOriginating as a cluster of unexplained cases of pneumonia in Wuhan, China, a novel coronavirus disease, officially named as COVID-19 by WHO, has now reached a pandemic level. In the wake of this global health crisis, stringent public health measures were implemented to curtail the spread of COVID-19. At a local level, the University Hospitals of North Midlands National Health Service Trust suspended all elective and outpatient activity, primarily to address the current potential implications of the COVID-19 outbreak. Within respiratory physiology, all but urgent and emergency work was suspended.MethodsIn June 2020, the service commenced its restoration/recovery plan, which was based on national and international guidelines to ensure safe practice for patients and staff alike. The plan was a roadmap developed to upscale the respiratory physiology service to deliver urgent and routine care and to assist the service to undertake the essential task of managing the patient backlog as a consequence of the interruption of service. Patient concerns and anxieties due to the pandemic was a key aspect of the restoration/recovery plan. The service developed numerous initiatives along with a questionnaire to assess patient experience following attendance for investigations or assessment.ResultsThe questionnaire confirmed that the initiatives put in place as part of the restoration/recovery plan achieve high levels of satisfaction in terms of communication, interaction within the service, professionalism and importantly patient safety.ConclusionCOVID-19 had a significant impact on routine clinical care and out-patient activity. This brought about significant change in service delivery that required a strict regimen to ensure COVID-19 free status and minimise cross-contamination of service users. The systems and processes introduced demonstrated positive responses and confirmed the objective of patient safety, which translated to the service users.
Search for rare alpha and double beta decays of Yb isotopes to excited levels of daughter nuclei
Authors: Laubenstein M. , Lehnert B. , Nagorny S. S. , Schönert S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA search for alpha and double beta decays of ytterbium isotopes was performed with an ultra low-background high purity germanium detector at Gran Sasso Underground Laboratory (Italy). A 194.7 g Yb$$_2$$

2

(C$$_2$$

2

O$$_4$$

4

)$$_3$$

3

powder sample was measured for 11.3 days with a total Yb exposure of 1.25 kg$$\times $$
×
day. Half-life limits for $$\alpha $$
α
-decay modes of $$^{168}\mathrm Yb$$

168

Y
b

, $$^{170}\mathrm Yb$$

170

Y
b

, $$^{171}\mathrm Yb$$

171

Y
b

, $$^{172}\mathrm Yb$$

172

Y
b

, $$^{173}\mathrm Yb$$

173

Y
b

, $$^{174}\mathrm Yb$$

174

Y
b

and $$^{176}\mathrm Yb$$

176

Y
b

into the first excited states have been obtained between $$6\times 10^{14}$$

6
×

10
14

years and $$2\times 10^{16}$$

2
×

10
16

years. These are the first experimental constraints of these decay modes. Double electron capture of $$^{168}\mathrm Yb$$

168

Y
b

and double beta decay of $$^{176}\mathrm Yb$$

176

Y
b

into the first excited 2$$^+$$

+

and 0$$^+$$

+

states could be excluded with limits between $$1\times 10^{14}$$

1
×

10
14

years to $$8\times 10^{16}$$

8
×

10
16

years. This improves the experimental information on some of the decay modes compared to previous constraints.
Key4hep, a framework for future HEP experiments and its use in FCC
Authors: Ganis Gerardo , Helsens Clément , Völkl Valentin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe road map to the FCC Feasibility Study Report, for submission to the next Update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics, will require detailed simulation and advanced reconstruction algorithms to explore and maximise the physics reach of proposed detector solutions. The optimisation process will require maximal flexibility in changing detector geometries, materials and sensitive areas, and efficient tools to quantify the overall performance. To synergise such developments, the CEPC, CLIC, FCC, ILC and SCT communities have engaged in the commissioning of a ‘Turnkey Software Stack’ (), which would provide all the necessary ingredients, from simulation to analysis, for future experiments. This approach is based on the positive experience of the linear collider projects ILC and CLIC, which have developed and used a common software stack () over the last decade. aims to cover most, if not all, future linear and circular machines colliding leptons (electrons, muons) and hadrons. The common software ecosystem will facilitate writing specific components for experiments ensuring coherency and maximising the re-use of established solutions. Project-specific software frameworks will require adaptation to fully profit from the common software base. In this essay, we present the status and plans for re-framing the FCC software framework, , around and discuss the challenges associated with the transition.
Introduction: Jesuits in Asian-Pacific Borderlands
Authors: Coello de la Rosa Alexandre 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In the last years, a growing number of scholars of world history have focused on Jesuit networks, economic and cultural interactions in the Asian-Pacific territories. This introduction and the essays contained within the pages of this special issue bring religious mobility to the foreground, putting special emphasis on the way how “conversion” (both religious and cultural) transformed the trans-Pacific frontier into a zone of sustained contact and transculturation involving Europe, Asia, and the Americas. First, it explores contending networks of evangelization, which revolve around a basic premise: they were heterogeneous and uncoordinated, moving in unexpected and complex directions. Second, it analyzes the way in which Jesuit evangelization effected a “tricultural convergence” of Asian, Iberian, and indigenous cultures towards the production of a “global consciousness.” Finally, it examines a meta-history of Iberian globalization and empire, which emphasized a failed hegemony over Islamic territories of southern Philippines as much as diminished the native Filipino as historical subject.
Survival Predictors of Resectable Gallbladder Carcinoma: An Analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database
Authors: Zhu Jisheng , Wu Yunxiang , Xiao Weidong , Li Yong 
Published: January 2022

Background To analyze population-level data for resectable gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) according to the eighth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system. Methods We queried the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database to identify all patients aged 18 years or older with T1-3 M0 GBC diagnosed between 2004 and 2015. Multivariate cox hazard regression analysis was used to identify prognostic factors of cancer-specific survival (CSS). Results Of the 1601 eligible patients, 1310 (81.8%) underwent cholecystectomy only and 291 (18.2%) underwent an en bloc resection. Overall, 219 (13.7%) patients were in stage I, 400 (25%) were in stage II, 260 (16.2%) were in stage IIIA, 653 (40.8%) were in stage IIIB, and 69 (4.3%) were in stage IVB. The 5-year survival rates for patients were 82.7% for stage I, 73.4% for stage II, 31.9% for stage IIIA, 24.1% for stage IIIB, and 10% for stage IVB. Multivariate cox analysis indicated that predictors of decreased CSS included age at diagnosis >65 years, tumor size >3.2 cm, adenocarcinoma, increasing tumor spread, and lymph node involvement. Besides, chemotherapy and radiation were predictors of increased CSS. Conclusions Older age, increasing tumor size, adenocarcinoma, and advanced tumor/node stage were associated with a poorer prognosis after resection for GBC. Furthermore, patients with resectable GBC can benefit from adjuvant therapy.
Staying Out of Trouble: Criminal Cases Against Russian Mayors
Authors: Buckley Noah , Reuter Ora John. , Rochlitz Michael , Aisin Anton 
Published: January 2022

Although repression against elites is a common occurrence in authoritarian regimes, we know little about which elites are targeted. This paper uses an original dataset on the prosecution of mayors in large Russian cities to examine the factors that make elites more likely to be arrested. We argue that in electoral authoritarian regimes like Russia, regime leaders are reluctant to arrest popular officials. Such officials command political capital that is useful to the regime, and arrests of prominent officials can produce popular backlash. We examine this argument using an original dataset on all arrests of municipal leaders in Russia’s 221 largest cities between 2002 and 2018. We find that mayors who won their elections by large margins are less likely to be arrested. In addition, we document several other substantively important patterns: (1) a mayor’s professional background is not related to the likelihood of arrest, (2) opposition mayors are four times more likely to be arrested, and (3) mobilization of votes for the regime is not protective against arrest. JEL Classifications P16, P30, R59
Tracheal stenting on venovenous ECMO with a dual lumen right atrium-to-pulmonary artery cannula in a COVID-19 patient with an inferior vena cava filter
Authors: Giani Marco , Pisa Andrea , Passera Eliseo , Avalli Leonello , Rona Roberto , Foti Giuseppe 
Published: January 2022

A 47-year-old man, with no medical history, was diagnosed with severe COVID-19 ARDS and pulmonary embolism. Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was required for impossibility to deliver protective ventilation. The patient was weaned from ECMO after clinical improvement. An inferior vena cava filter was then positioned to prevent embolization from a persistent left femoral deep venous thrombosis. Two days after the ECMO removal, a large lesion of the tracheal posterior wall was diagnosed. Tracheal stenting was deemed necessary. ECMO support was then re-established, to safely perform the bronchoscopic procedure. Due to the presence of the inferior vena cava filter, the patient was cannulated via the right internal jugular vein with a double lumen ProtekDuo cannula. The patient was then weaned from ECMO support and invasive ventilation. The tracheal stent was removed after 40 days, showing a full recovery of the tracheal lesion. The patient was discharged home in good condition.
An 8-Week Neuromuscular Training Program After Concussion Reduces 1-Year Subsequent Injury Risk: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Howell David R. , Seehusen Corrine N. , Carry Patrick M. , Walker Gregory A. , Reinking Sarah E. , Wilson Julie C. 
Published: January 2022

Background: Existing data suggest that after concussion, athletes experience an increased risk of subsequent injury. Exploring methods that may reduce injury risk after successful postconcussion return to play may lead to new treatment approaches. Purpose: To examine the efficacy of a neuromuscular training (NMT) intervention on acute sports-related time-loss injury over the subsequent year relative to standard of care. Study Design: Randomized clinical trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: A total of 27 youth athletes were assessed initially postconcussion (median, 7 days postconcussion; interquartile range [IQR], 5-10) and after return-to-play clearance (median, 40 days postconcussion; IQR, 15-52). After return-to-play clearance, they were randomly assigned to NMT intervention (n = 11; mean ± SD age, 14.7 ± 1.7 years; 36% female) or standard of care (n = 16; mean ± SD age, 15.3 ± 1.8 years; 44% female). The intervention (duration, 8 weeks; frequency, 2 times per week) included guided strength exercises with landing stabilization focus. Standard of care received no recommendations. For the subsequent year, athletes prospectively completed a monthly log of sports-related injuries and organized sports competitions. Results: During the first year after postconcussion return-to-play clearance, sports-related time-loss injuries were more common among standard of care relative to NMT intervention (75% [95% CI, 48%-93%] vs 36% [95% CI, 11%-69%]). After adjusting for age and sex, the hazard of subsequent injury in the standard-of-care group was 3.56 times (95% CI, 1.11-11.49; P = .0334) that of the NMT intervention group. Sports participation was similar between NMT intervention and standard of care during the year-long monitoring period (hours of organized sports per month; median, 12 [IQR, 2.6-32.1] vs 15.6 [IQR, 3.5-105.9]; P = .55). The age- and sex-adjusted incidence of injuries was 10.2 per 1000 competitive exposures (95% CI, 3.7-28.4) in the standard-of-care group as opposed to 3.4 per 1000 (95% CI, 0.9-13.4) in the NMT intervention group. After adjusting for age and sex, incidence of injuries was higher for standard of care vs NMT intervention (rate ratio, 2.96 [95% CI, 0.89-9.85]; P = .076). Conclusion: Although preliminary, our findings suggest that an NMT intervention initiated after return-to-play clearance may significantly reduce sports-related time-loss injuries over the subsequent year. Registration: NCT03917290 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).
Public Health Nurse-delivered Group Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Postpartum Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Van Lieshout Ryan J. , Layton Haley , Savoy Calan D. , Haber Erika , Feller Andrea , Biscaro Anne , Bieling Peter J. , Ferro Mark A. 
Published: January 2022

Objectives To examine the effectiveness of group cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for postpartum depression (PPD) delivered by public health nurses with little to no previous psychiatric training at improving depression, worry, social support and the mother-infant relationship. Methods Mothers (n = 141) living in Ontario, Canada with Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale Scores ≥10 and an infant <12 months of age were randomized to receive nine weekly 2-h sessions of in-person group CBT for PPD delivered by two public health nurses plus treatment as usual (TAU; experimental group) or TAU alone (control group). Primary outcomes were change in EPDS score and current major depressive disorder (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview) assessed immediately post-treatment (T2). Secondary outcomes included maternal worry, social support, and quality of the mother-infant relationship. All outcomes were assessed again six months post-treatment (T3). Results Participants in the experimental group had statistically significantly greater reductions in PPD symptoms immediately post-treatment (T2) (B = -5.35, p < 0.01), were more likely to manifest a clinically significant improvement in EPDS scores (≥4 points; OR = 3.44, 95%CI: 1.49–7.94), and no longer have symptoms consistent with current MDD (OR = 5.31, 95% CI: 1.78–15.83). Six months post-treatment (T3), experimental group participants had higher odds of clinically significant PPD improvement (OR = 5.10, 95%CI: 1.89–13.78), while 25% of the experimental group and 70% of remaining control group participants reported current MDD ( p < 0.01). Statistically significant improvements in worry and the mother-infant relationship were also observed, decreases maintained at six months post-treatment. Conclusions Public health nurses with little to no previous psychiatric training can be trained to deliver effective group CBT for PPD to improve depression, worry, and the mother-infant relationship. Task shifting PPD treatment with group CBT to public health nurses could improve treatment uptake and lead to better outcomes for mothers, families, and the healthcare system. (Trial Registration NCT03039530)
Propulsive and combustion behavior of hydrocarbon fuels containing boron nanoparticles in a liquid rocket combustor
Authors: Jin Yushu , Xu Xu , Wang Xu , Dou Suyi , Yang Qingchun , Pan Lun 
Published: January 2022

Nano-sized energetic particle as fuel additives is of great significance for liquid hydrocarbon fuels that will exhibit high-density and high-calorific value in high-speed propulsion systems. An experimental investigation has been conducted to determine the propulsive and combustion behavior of hydrocarbon fuels containing boron nanoparticles. In this study, nano-sized boron particles with average diameter of 20 nm are added into the basic fuel JP-10 and quadricyclane, respectively. They are then referred as slurry fuels and burned in the rocket combustor using pure oxygen as the oxidizer. With a wide range of excess oxidizer coefficients, three parameters characterizing the propulsion performance are employed to evaluate the effect of boron nanoparticles on hydrocarbon fuels. It is found that the boron-based slurry fuel showed superior density specific impulse. It is increased by 1.18% and 1.44% when the addition of boron particles with 10% mass fraction are added into the basic fuel JP-10 and quadricyclane, respectively. Combustion depositions of the boron-based slurry fuel located at different positions are then collected for deep analysis by means of the energy dispersive spectrometer, X-ray diffractometer, and scanning electron microscope. Comprehensive microanalysis results demonstrate that boron particles first combine with the C-element in the hydrocarbon fuel to form the boron carbide with a reticular structure, and then the boron carbide oxidizes to form block-shaped boron oxide. However, the surface boron oxide hindered the further reaction of the internal boron carbide, which limits the energy release of the boron particles and ultimately leads to the unsatisfactory combustion efficiency of the slurry fuel.
Contributory factors for developing foveal neovascularization in proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Venkatesh Ramesh , Reddy Nikitha Gurram , Jayadev Chaitra , Mutalik Deepashri , Agrawal Sameeksha , Mishra Pranjal , Bhatt Abhishek , Yadav Naresh Kumar , Chhablani Jay 
Published: January 2022

Purpose Foveal neovascularisation (NV) in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is uncommon. The study aim is to analyse a series of cases of foveal NV in PDR and ascertain the factors leading to its development. Methods In this retrospective case-control study, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT-angiography (OCTA) images of PDR cases with/without foveal NV diagnosed on fluorescein angiography were analysed. Results From 124 consecutive PDR eyes, foveal NV was identified in 12 (10%) eyes. Eyes with foveal NV showed thin choroid (p = 0.001), increased FAZ area and reduced vessel density at the macula compared to control group on OCT and OCTA. After regression analysis, an increased FAZ in the superficial capillary plexus slab (p = 0.002) was associated with foveal NV development. Conclusion Our case series suggest that foveal NV is an uncommon finding, occurring due to reduced choroidal and inner retinal perfusion at the macula. Further studies are required to assess the treatment outcomes in such eyes.
Effects of the @ctivehip telerehabilitation program on the quality of life, psychological factors and fitness level of patients with hip fracture
Authors: Mora-Traverso Marta , Prieto-Moreno Rafael , Molina-Garcia Pablo , Salas-Fariña Zeus , Martín-Martín Lydia , Martín-Matillas Miguel , Ariza-Vega Patrocinio 
Published: January 2022

Introduction Telerehabilitation has emerged in the last decade as a promising alternative to conduct the rehabilitation process at home. However, there are no studies testing the effects of telerehabilitation interventions for patients with hip fracture on quality of life nor psychological factors, whereas the evidence on fitness level is scarce. Thus, the aim of this study is to test the effects of the @ctivehip telerehabilitation program on the quality of life, psychological factors and fitness level of patients who had suffered a hip fracture. Methods The present study is a non-randomized clinical trial that includes patients older than 65 years old with a hip fracture and their family caregivers (ClinicalTrials.gov; Identifier: NCT02968589). Per-protocol (64 participants) and intention-to-treat (71 participants) analyses were performed, the first being the main analysis. The intervention group received a home-based multidisciplinary telerehabilitation intervention, called @ctivehip, that lasted 12 weeks. The control group received the traditional care and rehabilitation provided by the Andalusian Public Health Care System. The outcomes measured were the patients’ quality of life through the EuroQol Quality of Life Questionnaire (EQ-5D), physiological factors (anxiety and depression) using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the fitness level, assessed with the International Fitness Scale. Results The quality of life of the telerehabilitation group increased, while the control group scored worsened at the 3-month follow-up (medium effect size: 0.66 SDs; p  =  0.006). The telerehabilitation group demonstrated a greater decrease than the control group in the total HADS score (medium effect size: −0.50 SDs; p  =  0.015). Lastly, the telerehabilitation group recovered a fitness level close to the pre-hip fracture in comparison with the control group (small effect size: 0.49 SDs; p  =  0.022). Discussion The @ctivehip telerehabilitation program seems to be a promising treatment to improve the quality of life and psychological factors (i.e. anxiety and depression) of older adults after a hip fracture, as well as to recover their previous fitness level.