bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
68Ga-PSMA PET/CT in early relapsed prostate cancer patients after radical therapy
Authors: Haidar Mohamad , Abi-Ghanem Alain S. , Moukaddam Hicham , Jebai Malak El , Al Zakleet Safaa , Al Rayess Samir , Akkawi Abdul Rahman , Kassas Mutaz , Tamim Hani , Hajj Albert El , Estrada-Lobato Enrique , Osman Medhat M. , Shamseddine Ali 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBiochemical recurrence (BCR) of prostate cancer (PCa) occurs in about 25% of patients treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) and up to 45% in patients who receive external beam radiotherapy (RT). Early diagnosis of PCa recurrence is of high importance for successful salvage therapy. The aim of the present study is to analyze the efficacy of 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT in detecting the presence of local and/or systemic disease in patients with a history of PCa who have BCR. A total of 52 PCa patients with BCR referred for 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT were recruited from the American University of Beirut Medical Center between November 2017 and December 2019. We compared the performance of PSMA PET/CT to the results and clinical factors based on follow up: PSA, PSA kinetics, primary treatment, and Gleason score. The relationship between the PET/CT findings and clinical indicators of disease were assessed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression. From a total of 52 patients, 34 (65.4%) had positive PSMA-PET/CT scans. Among those, 8/34 (23.5%) received primary RT. For all patients with a positive PSMA-PET: the detection rate was 2/4 (50%) for PSA < 0.2, 5/10 (50%) for PSA 0.2–0.49, 3/6 (50%) for PSA 0.5–0.99, 6/12 (50%) for PSA 1–1.99, 8/9 (88.9%) for PSA 2–3.99, and 10/11 (90.9%) for PSA 4–10.PSMA-PET/CT positivity was significantly associated with PSA level at time of PET scan, PSA doubling time, Gleason score and TNM staging. However, it did not show a significant correlation with radiotherapy as primary treatment, ongoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), time to relapse, and initial PSA before therapy. In our single center prospective trial, 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT successfully detected the recurrence of PCa in patients with BCR. Scan positivity was significantly associated with PSA level at time of PET scan, PSA doubling time, Gleason score, and TNM staging. PSMA- PET/CT is a highly promising modality in the work up of patients with PCa in the setting of BCR for earlier detection of disease recurrence.
Genomic analysis and in vivo efficacy of Pediococcus acidilactici as a potential probiotic to prevent hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and gastrointestinal infections
Authors: Al-Emran Hassan M. , Moon Jannatul Ferdouse , Miah Md. Liton , Meghla Nigar Sultana , Reuben Rine Christopher , Uddin Mohammad Jashim , Ibnat Habiba , Sarkar Shovon Lal , Roy Pravas Chandra , Rahman M. Shaminur , Alam A. S. M. Rubayet Ul , Islam Ovinu Kibria , Jahid Iqbal Kabir 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLactic acid bacteria are the well acknowledged probiotics that can cure a variety of diseases. In this study, we observed the in vivo potentials of Pediococcus to treat hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and gastrointestinal infections. A total of 77 Lactobacillus were isolated from the milk of 10 cows and 10 goats, four of those strains inhibited both carbohydrates-hydrolyzing enzymes, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase. They all showed antagonistic effects on pathogenic E. coli and S. Typhimurium which were confirmed by performing pathogen challenge test and visualizing on Electron microscopy. 16S rRNA gene sequence identified that all four strains belong to Pediococcus genus which were further distinguished as Pediococcus acidilactici by pheS gene sequence. Whole genome sequence analysis revealed their non-pathogenic properties for human and the presence of probiotic genes responsible for stress resistance, immunomodulation, adhesion, metal and drug resistance. In vivo trial with diabetes-induced mice ascertained that all Pediococcus acidilactici had significant potentials to reduce elevated glucose and low-density lipoprotein level in blood. Interestingly, two out of four strains were significantly more effective (p < 0.0001 each) than metformin in reducing the blood glucose level. This in vivo study demonstrated that Pediococcus acidilactici might be a promising probiotic to prevent hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and gastrointestinal infections.
Cultivation and characterisation of Salicornia europaea, Tripolium pannonicum and Crithmum maritimum biomass for green biorefinery applications
Authors: Hulkko Laura S. S. , Turcios Ariel E. , Kohnen Stéphane , Chaturvedi Tanmay , Papenbrock Jutta , Thomsen Mette Hedegaard 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSalt-tolerant halophytes have shown potential for biorefinery and agricultural use in salt-affected soils, increasing the value of marginal lands. They could provide a bio-based source for compounds obtained from the petrochemical industry or an alternative for biomass currently imported overseas. Salicornia europaea, Tripolium pannonicum and Crithmum maritimum were cultivated in hydroponic systems under various salinity conditions, harvested green but not food-grade, and fractionated to green juice and fibre residue. Obtained fractions were characterised for contents of carbohydrates, Klason lignin, crude protein, organic acids, lipids, and minerals to evaluate the biomass’ suitability for biorefinery. Significant differences were observed in the biomass yield and the composition of the biomass fractions from different cultivation salinities. High concentrations of crude protein were found. Thus, these species could have the potential for green protein production. Fractions rich in carbohydrates could be used for lignocellulose processing and processes utilising micro-organisms.
Statistical optimization of a sustainable fertilizer composition based on black soldier fly larvae as source of nitrogen
Authors: Barbi Silvia , Montorsi Monia , Maistrello Lara , Caldironi Matteo , Barbieri Luisa 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the present work, a statistical optimization of a sustainable coating for core–shell NPK (Nitrogen–Phosphorus–Potassium) fertilizers was investigated. The environmental green coating was enriched in nitrogen using a biomass and renewable source, namely the nitrogen rich fraction of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) (Hermetia Illucens, Diptera: Stratiomyidae) reared on vegetable waste. A rational approach was proposed with the aim of calculating the best formulation of the coating, considering both its manufacturing behavior, such as adhesion to the core, and its physical properties, such as homogeneity or plasticity. From a circular economy perspective, together with the nitrogen-rich fraction from BSFL (from 51 to 90 wt.%), water and glycerol were considered for the coating formulation in different proportion: from 10 to 32 wt.% and from 0 to 17 wt.% respectively. The Design of Experiments technique was implemented to limit the total number of tests for the coating formulation (18 tests). ANOVA was employed, with the aim of obtaining mathematical models to derive a better precise and objective formulation. The results show that the use of glycerol can be avoided, as well as only a limited amount of water (11 wt.%) is necessary to obtain an optimized coating formulation, thereafter, satisfying the more relevant technological and physical properties for the coating manufacturing.
Parametric decay induced first-order phase transition in two-dimensional Yukawa crystals
Authors: Maity Srimanta , Arora Garima 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe melting process of two-dimensional (2D) Yukawa crystals for dusty plasma medium induced by external perturbations has been explored using molecular dynamics simulations. A 2D monolayer of particles interacting via Yukawa pair potential is formed in the presence of an external confinement potential. The confinement potential is a combined effect of the gravitational force and an externally applied electric force, which mimics the sheath electric field in dusty plasma experiments. The response of the 2D crystalline layer to an external perturbation is investigated. It is shown that transverse surface waves are generated below a particular threshold value of initial perturbation, but the crystalline order remains. However, above a threshold value of initial disturbance, the crystalline order structure of the 2D layer breaks, and it melts. The melting process is shown to be a first-order phase transition. We have demonstrated that the nonlinear amplitude modulation of initial disturbance through the parametric decay instability is responsible for the melting. Our proposed mechanism of first-order phase transition in the context of 2D dusty plasma crystal is distinctly different from the existing theoretical models. This research can provide a deeper understanding of the experimental observations in the context of plasma crystal.
Typical and anomalous pathways of surface-floating material in the Northern North Atlantic and Arctic Ocean
Authors: Herman Agnieszka , Węsławski Jan Marcin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSurface waters of the oceans carry large amounts of material, including sediment grains, plankton organisms, and ice crystals, as well as pollutants, e.g., oil and plastic. Transport and spatio-temporal distribution of this material depend on its properties and on the dynamical processes in the ocean mixed layer—currents, waves, turbulence, and convective mixing—acting at a wide range of scales. Due to its importance for marine physics, biogeochemistry and ecology, substantial research efforts have been invested in recent years in observations and modelling of ocean material transport, especially in the context of marine plastic pollution. Nevertheless, many important questions remain unanswered. In this work, numerically simulated trajectories of surface-floating particles in the period 1993–2020 are used to analyse typical and anomalous transport pathways in the northern North Atlantic and the Arctic Ocean. Model validation is performed based on additional simulations of 387 buoy tracks from the International Arctic Buoy Programme in the years 2014–2020. The trajectories are computed based on surface currents from a hydrodynamic model and Stokes drift from a spectral wave model. It is shown that due to high amplitudes of Stokes drift (comparable with wind-induced currents in ice-free parts of the domain of study), combined with high directional variability, the drifting paths are substantially modified in ice-free regions, underlying the important role of wave-induced currents in surface material transport. A statistical analysis of $$\sim 1.6\, 10^8$$

∼
1.6

10
8

trajectories reveals patterns of connections between nearshore locations in the domain of study, the associated drift times and path sinuosity. Seasonal variability of transport, which differs between the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic, is found for typical transport routes following the larger-scale circulation patterns. Crucially, in both sub-domains episodic, but very strong transport events between otherwise isolated locations occur, associated with anomalous atmospheric circulation and, arguably, providing ‘windows of opportunity’ for dispersal of various organisms to new locations. It is shown for two examples in the North Atlantic region that an unusual combination of atmospheric circulation indices explains the anomalous transport, thus providing a predictive tool for future events. In the Arctic, analogous phenomena are modified by the state of the sea ice cover.
Genetics tools for corpora allata specific gene expression in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes
Authors: Nouzova Marcela , Edwards Marten J. , DeGennaro Matthew , Leyva Dennys , Tose Lilian V. , Fernandez-Lima Francisco , Noriega Fernando G. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractJuvenile hormone (JH) is synthesized by the corpora allata (CA) and controls development and reproduction in insects. Therefore, achieving tissue-specific expression of transgenes in the CA would be beneficial for mosquito research and control. Different CA promoters have been used to drive transgene expression in Drosophila, but mosquito CA-specific promoters have not been identified. Using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, we integrated transgenes encoding the reporter green fluorescent protein (GFP) close to the transcription start site of juvenile hormone acid methyl transferase (JHAMT), a locus encoding a JH biosynthetic enzyme, specifically and highly expressed in the CA of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Transgenic individuals showed specific GFP expression in the CA but failed to reproduce the full pattern of jhamt spatiotemporal expression. In addition, we created GeneSwitch driver and responder mosquito lines expressing an inducible fluorescent marker, enabling the temporal regulation of the transgene via the presence or absence of an inducer drug. The use of the GeneSwitch system has not previously been reported in mosquitoes and provides a new inducible binary system that can control transgene expression in Aedes aegypti.
Fossil bone histology reveals ancient origins for rapid juvenile growth in tetrapods
Authors: Whitney Megan R. , Otoo Benjamin K. A. , Angielczyk Kenneth D. , Pierce Stephanie E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPatterns of growth throughout the lifetime of an animal reflect critical life history traits such as reproductive timing, physiology, and ecological interactions. The ancestral growth pattern for tetrapods has traditionally been described as slow-to-moderately paced, akin to modern amphibians, with fast growth and high metabolic rates considered a specialized physiological trait of amniotes. Here, we present bone histology from an ontogenetic series of the Early Carboniferous stem tetrapodWhatcheeria deltae, and document evidence of fibrolamellar bone—primary bone tissue associated with fast growth. Our data indicate thatWhatcheeriajuveniles grew rapidly and reached skeletal maturity quickly, allowing them to occupy a large-bodied predator niche in their paleoenvironment. This life history strategy contrasts with those described for other stem tetrapods and indicates that a diversity of growth patterns existed at the origins of tetrapod diversification. Importantly,Whatcheeriamarks an unexpectedly early occurrence of fibrolamellar bone in Tetrapoda, both temporally and phylogenetically. These findings reveal that elevated juvenile growth is not limited to amniotes, but has a deep history in the tetrapod clade and may have played a previously unrecognized role in the tetrapod invasion of land.
Global dissociation of the posterior amygdala from the rest of the brain during REM sleep
Authors: Matei Marta , Bergel Antoine , Pezet Sophie , Tanter Mickaël 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRapid-eye-movement sleep (REMS) or paradoxical sleep is associated with intense neuronal activity, fluctuations in autonomic control, body paralysis and brain-wide hyperemia. The mechanisms and functions of these energy-demanding patterns remain elusive and a global picture of brain activation during REMS is currently missing. In the present work, we performed functional ultrasound imaging on rats over multiple coronal and sagittal brain sections during hundreds of spontaneous REMS episodes to provide the spatiotemporal dynamics of vascular activity in 259 brain regions spanning more than 2/3 of the total brain volume. We first demonstrate a dissociation between basal/midbrain and cortical structures, the first ones sustaining tonic activation during REMS while the others are activated in phasic bouts. Second, we isolated the vascular compartment in our recordings and identified arteries in the anterior part of the brain as strongly involved in the blood supply during REMS episodes. Finally, we report a peculiar activation pattern in the posterior amygdala, which is strikingly disconnected from the rest of the brain during most REMS episodes. This last finding suggests that the amygdala undergoes specific processing during REMS and may be linked to the regulation of emotions and the creation of dream content during this very state.
Chemistry and Nutritional Effects of Capsicum
Authors: Florencio da Veiga, Jr Valdir , Wiedemann Larissa Silveira Moreira , Araujo, Jr Claudio Pereira de , Antonio Ananda da Silva 
Published: November 2022

The Capsicum genus comprises the botanic species known as chili peppers, the most widely consumed natural product by humankind. Their usage is diverse and varies from food additives to defensive devices and medicines.
Providing a comprehensive overview of the great popularization and socioeconomic importance of Capsicum, this book includes a holistic description of the properties of Capsicum and how this correlates with the chemical profile. Several of their specialized metabolites, such as capsaicinoids and carotenoids, are in fact responsible for peppers characterization as a functional food as they provide pungency, deterrent properties and outstanding biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic and chemopreventive.
This book shows the big picture behind peppers featuring as functional foods using a biochemistry background to elucidate how the chemical composition of this genus can affect its unique bioactivity and sensorial characteristics. In addition, the state-of-art regarding Capsicum exploitation is also emphasized. Intended for all types of audiences, it is a resource for those curious about peppers pungency, for graduate students aiming to improve their skills and professional who need to update their knowledge regarding peppers chemistry and pharmacology.
Kurkuma- und Curcuminoid-Behandlung bei Gonarthrose
Authors: Bittel Miriam , Klose Petra , Langhorst Jost 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Kurkumawurzel (Curcuma longa L.) wird traditionell
in der ayurvedischen, indischen und chinesischen Medizin verwendet. Aufgrund
ihrer entzündungshemmenden Eigenschaften gelten Curcuminoide,
insbesondere Curcumin, als die wichtigsten Wirkstoffe der Kurkumawurzel und
stehen im Mittelpunkt der Forschung zur Behandlung von Kniearthrose (medizinisch
als Gonarthrose bezeichnet).
Methodik Um einen systematischen Überblick über den
aktuellen Stand der Evidenz in klinischen Studien zur Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit
der Kurkuma- und Curcuminoid-Behandlung bei Kniearthrose zu erhalten, wurde eine
systematische Literaturrecherche in mehreren Datenbanken und eine
Evidenzbewertung nach den AWMF-Leitlinien durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse Neun systematische Übersichtsarbeiten mit Meta-Analyse
im Suchzeitraum 2012–2021 auf der Basis von insgesamt 16 randomisiert
kontrollierten Studien (RCTs) bewerten die orale Mono- und
Komplementärtherapie mit Kurkuma und Curcuminoiden bei Kniearthrose.
Curcuminoid-haltige Präparate wurden einvernehmlich als sichere und
klinisch wirksame Therapieoption zur Verbesserung von Schmerz und Funktion bei
Kniearthrose im Vergleich zu Placebo (11 RCTs, n=850) oder
ergänzend zur Schmerztherapie mit nicht steroidalen Antirheumatika
(NSAR) (5 RCTs, n=747) bewertet. Es sind jedoch qualitativ hochwertige,
groß angelegte RCTs erforderlich, um die therapeutische Wirksamkeit und
Sicherheit für eine Langzeitbehandlung zu bestätigen. Zudem sind
aktuell Kurkumaextrakte in Deutschland nicht als Arzneimittel
erhältlich.
Schlussfolgerung In Anbetracht der begrenzten und hohen Nebenwirkungsraten
der derzeitigen Schmerzbehandlungsoptionen kann eine orale Phytotherapie auf
Kurkumabasis für die symptomatische Behandlung von Kniearthrose und als
Ergänzung zur Schmerztherapie empfohlen werden.
漢語考試大綱詞表和語料庫詞頻的反向檢視研究
Authors: Hsin Shih-chang , Rui Jingying , Zhou Keqin 
Published: November 2022

抽象的
國際漢語教材的生詞經過專家編訂及實際教學錘煉，可反向檢視漢語考試大綱詞彙分級的合宜性以及語料庫詞頻的對應性。本研究從九套具有代表性的初級國際漢語教材選出生詞樣本，分別依據中國大陸及臺灣的漢語考試分級詞表及大型漢語語料庫，統計樣本詞的等級及詞頻分佈。發現初級教材生詞竟普遍包括考試大綱的高級詞及超綱詞，顯示大綱的詞量及收詞有待商榷。而其詞頻分佈也普遍有高比例的低頻詞，可見語料庫的詞頻難以作為教材實際編寫的選詞依憑。
Generalized Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity in presence of Block brane-like models*
Authors: Andrade I. , Bazeia D. , Lobão Jr. A. S. , Menezes R. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We investigate generalized Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity, coupling the dilaton field with two scalar matter fields. We obtain the equations of motion for the fields and investigate a linear perturbation of the solutions in general. We study two specific situations that allow for analytic solutions with topological behavior and check how the dilaton field, the warp factor and the Ricci scalar behave. In particular, we show how the parameters can be used to modify the structure of the solutions. Moreover, the perturbations are, in general, described by intricate coupled differential equations, but in some specific cases, we can construct the corresponding zero modes analytically.
Fissile mass estimation using β-delayed γ-rays and neutrons from fast and epithermal induced fissions
Authors: Ocherashvili A. , Beck A. , Bogucarska T. , Crochemore J.-M. , Heger G. , Michaeli D. , Israelashvili I. , Roesgen E. , Varasano G. , Pedersen B. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A potential method for mass estimation of shielded special nuclear materials (SNM) is proposed. The method uses fast and epithermal neutrons, generated by an external pulsed neutron source, to induce fission in SNM. The subsequent β-delayed γ-rays and neutrons, emitted by the fission products, are measured simultaneously by two 3He slab detectors and a coaxial high purity germanium (HPGe) detector, located around the tested material. Measuring simultaneously both, β-delayed γ-rays and neutrons measurement, offers improved sensitivity for fissile materials detecting.

Laboratory examination of the method was performed in the Pulsed Neutron Interrogation Test Assembly (PUNITA), using CBNM (Central Bureau for Nuclear Measurements) samples of Uranium.
A Novel Screw Compressor with a Shunt Enhanced Compression and Pulsation Trap (SECAPT)
Authors: Huang P X , Yonkers S , Willie J 
Published: November 2022

Some positive displacement (PD) compressors are equipped with automatic discharge valves such as reed valves that open automatically whenever the cavity pressure is slightly larger than the outlet pressure to deal effectively with varying pressure ratio applications. Screw compressors today do not have such valves, resulting in off-design conditions known as the under-compression or over-compression when the cavity pressure at discharge is deviating from the outlet pressure. Compressor efficiency suffers and pulsation/noise becomes worse under these conditions. Some type of controls are desired such as a discharge pulsation dampener or a variable volume ratio (often called variable Vi) slide valve design to lessen or cure the discharge pressure mismatch problems.Injecting gas vapor into a screw compressor cavity during internal compression phase has been known to be beneficial in enhancing compressor performance and has been widely used in HVAC&R industry known as the Economizer. However, the underlining principle of the Economizer has thus far not been explored for optimizing compression schemes of a screw compressor in general. This paper introduces a self-sensing and self-correcting compression process that can be “derived or deduced” from the Perfect Gas Law by optimizing for multiple design criteria such as compressor efficiency, pulsation/noise abatement, and cost and footprint reduction for a screw operating over a wide range of pressures. The scheme, called SECAPT (Shunt Enhanced Compression And Pulsation Trap), is then investigated and optimized numerically by a new CFD code for one industrial case: a bulk truck loading application where compressor pressure varies from no pressure rise to maximum load. The numerical simulations illustrate that SECAPT is tentatively capable of achieving multiple targets as theorized.