bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti‐Inflammatory Markers of Hops Cultivars (Humulus lupulus L.) Evaluated by Untargeted Metabolomics Strategy
Authors: Nicácio Karen de Jesus , Ferreira Miller Santos , Katchborian‐Neto Albert , Costa Milbya Lima , Murgu Michael , Dias Danielle Ferreira , Soares Marisi Gomes , Chagas‐Paula Daniela Aparecida 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHops (Humulus lupulus L.) are edible flowers commonly used to add flavour and aroma to beer, besides they have rich chemical diversity and medicinal potential. In this work, an ex vivo anti‐inflammatory assay via the LPS‐induced signalling pathway and metabolomics approaches were performed to evaluate the ability of hops to inhibit the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) inflammatory mediator and analyze which metabolites produced by the nine different hop cultivars are potential anti‐inflammatory markers. Columbus, Chinook and Hallertau Mittelfrüh hop cultivars yielded extracts with PGE2 release inhibition rates of 86.7, 92.5 and 73.5 %, respectively. According to the multivariate statistical analysis, the majority of the metabolites correlated with the activity were prenylated phloroglucinol and phenolic homologs. These results suggest promissory anti‐inflammatory hop metabolites.
Heterogeneous Microfluidic Reactors: A Review and an Insight of Enzymatic Reactions
Authors: Ling Fiona W. M. , Abdulbari Hayder A. , Chin Sim Yee 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHeterogeneous reactions are considered the heart of chemical synthesis with numerous industrial applications due to their high conversion rates and low reaction time. On the other hand, the performance of heterogeneous reactions suffers from several drawbacks such as lower product selectivity and high mass transfer resistance that, in many cases, reduce the reaction rate. The efficiency of various conventional mixing techniques in heterogeneous reactors is believed to play a critical role in controlling the product quality and mass transfer rates besides other essential factors. Microfluidics technology provides a unique opportunity to revisit many established heterogeneous reaction processes to optimize and understand the reaction mechanisms. The unique flow conditions in microflow systems provide an excellent platform for exploring the effect of high‐precision micromixing techniques on reaction rates and productivities. Recent advances in microreactor technology in general and specifically heterogeneous reactions in microflow systems with an insight on the enzymatic reactions in microreactors are reviewed.
Rates and impact of vascular complications in mechanical circulatory support
Authors: Lemor Alejandro , Dabbagh Mohammed F. , Cohen David , Villablanca Pedro , Tehrani Behnam , Alaswad Khaldoon , Alqarqaz Mohammad , Lasorda David , Kaki Amir , Genereux Philippe , O'Neill William , Basir Mir B. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundMechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices are increasingly used for hemodynamic support in cardiogenic shock or high‐risk percutaneous coronary interventions. Vascular complications remain a major source of morbidity and mortality despite technological advances with percutaneous techniques. Little is known about the rates and predictors of vascular complications with large‐bore access MCS in the contemporary era.MethodsThe study cohort was derived from National Inpatient Sample using data from 2015 to 2019 for cardiac hospitalizations with the use of: intra‐aortic balloon pump (IABP) Impella, and/or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The rates of vascular complications and in‐hospital outcomes were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression.ResultsOf 221,700 hospitalizations with MCS use, the majority had only IABP (68%). The rates of vascular complications were greatest with ECMO (15.8%) when compared with IABP (3.0%) and Impella (5.6%). Among patients with vascular complications, in‐hospital mortality was higher with ECMO (56.3%) when compared with IABP (26.2%) and Impella (33.8%). Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) was the strongest predictor of vascular complications, with 10 times higher odds when present (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 10.96, p < 0.001). In risk‐adjusted models, when compared with IABP, the use of Impella (aOR: 1.73, p < 0.001), ECMO (aOR: 5.35, p < 0.001), or a combination of MCS devices (aOR: 3.47, p < 0.001) was associated with higher odds of vascular complications.ConclusionsIn contemporary practice, the use of MCS is associated with significant vascular complications and in‐hospital mortality. Predictors of vascular complications include larger arteriotomy size, female gender, and peripheral arterial disease. Vascular access management remains essential to prevent major complications.
A delayed diagnosis of congenital midline cervical cleft
Authors: Salawu Adedayo Idris , Aremu Shuaib Kayode , Olakunle Babalola Fatai , Olajide Toye Gabriel , Okunlola Abiodun Idowu , Samuel Ogidi Adetolu , Adewoye Kayode Rasaq , Achebe Chijioke Cosmas 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCongenital midline cervical cleft (CMCC) is an extremely rare anomaly of the neck that typically presents in the neonatal period as a thin suprasternal vertical band of erythematous skin with a nipple‐like projection. We present the management of this uncommon and rarely described entity in a 9‐year‐old girl.
From Deep Eutectic Solvents to Nitrogen‐rich Ordered Mesoporous Carbons: A Powerful Host for the Immobilization of Palladium Nanoparticles in the Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols
Authors: Zahra Alizadeh Seyedeh , Karimi Babak , Vali Hojatollah 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe preparation of a nitrogen‐rich ordered mesoporous carbon (DNOMC) with three‐dimensional cubic structure was established via carbonization of a green, inexpensive and safe deep eutectic solvent consisting of choline chloride salt and D‐glucose in the presence of KIT‐6 template for the first time. The materials were characterized by TEM, N2 adsorption–desorption analysis, XPS, TGA, CHN, and FT‐IR. The DNOMC was shown to be a powerful support for the immobilization of palladium nanoparticles. The Pd@DNOMC catalyst exhibited high activity in the selective aerobic oxidation of various activated and non‐activated primary and secondary benzylic as well as linear and cyclic aliphatic alcohols to the corresponding carboxylic acids and ketones in pure water under molecular oxygen. The catalyst system could successfully be reused at least ten times without any significant decrease in either activity or selectivity. It is worth noting that, the hot filtration strongly showed that the catalyst works in a boomerang‐type catalyst pathway.
Chemoselective Oxidation of Glycerol over Platinum‐Based Catalysts: Toward the Role of Oxide Promoter
Authors: Yang Dan , Liu Xuan , Song Fei , Dai Yihu , Wan Xiaoyue , Zhou Chunmei , Yang Yanhui 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe metal oxide promoters remarkably enhance the catalytic activity of supported Pt catalysts in the glycerol oxidation toward glyceric acid, whereas the primary factor that metal oxide promotes the reaction, as well as the kinetics relevant step remain indistinct. Herein, manganese dioxide (MnO2) is chosen as a model to uncover the role of promoter in the glycerol oxidation over Pt‐based catalyst in alkali‐free solution. The results prove that the superior catalytic performance is mainly attributed to the increased synergistic interaction between Pt particles and the metal oxides to boost the activation of oxygen (not glycerol), while the increased dispersion shows slight effect. Furthermore, the detailed kinetic studies reveal that MnO2 is prone to accelerate the awkward step of glyceraldehyde to glyceric acid, and the lattice oxygen of MnO2 also involves in this particular step.
Polymer Acceptors for High‐Performance All‐Polymer Solar Cells
Authors: Ma Suxiang , Zhang Hao , Feng Kui , Guo Xugang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAll‐polymer solar cells (all‐PSCs) have attracted considerable attention owing to their pronounced advantages of excellent mechanical flexibility/stretchability and greatly enhanced device stability as compared to other types of organic solar cells (OSCs). Thanks to the extensive research efforts dedicated to the development of polymer acceptors, all‐PSCs have achieved remarkable improvement of photovoltaic performance, recently. This review summarizes the recent progress of polymer acceptors based on the key electron‐deficient building blocks, which include bithiophene imide (BTI) derivatives, boron‐nitrogen coordination bond (B←N)‐incorporated (hetero)arenes, cyano‐functionalized (hetero)arenes, and fused‐ring electron acceptors (FREAs). In addition, single‐component‐based all‐PSCs are also briefly discussed. The structure‐property correlations of polymer acceptors are elaborated in detail. Finally, we offer our insights into the development of new electron‐deficient building blocks with further optimized properties and the polymers built from them for efficient all‐PSCs.
On the Existence and Role of Formaldehyde During Aqueous Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Monoxide to Methanol by Cobalt Phthalocyanine
Authors: Boutin Etienne , Salamé Aude , Merakeb Lydia , Chatterjee Tamal , Robert Marc 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA long‐time challenge in aqueous CO2 electrochemical reduction is to catalyze the formation of products beyond carbon monoxide with selectivity. Formaldehyde is the simplest of these products and one of the most relevant due to its broad use in the industry. Paradoxically it is one of the less reported product. Such scarcity may be in part explained by difficult identification and quantification using conventional chromatography or proton nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. Likewise, indirect detection methods are usually not compatible with labelled studies for asserting product origin. Recently, the possible production of formaldehyde during electrochemical reduction of carbon monoxide to methanol at cobalt phthalocyanine molecular catalyst in basic media has been the object of contradictory reports. By applying an analytical procedure based on proton NMR along with labelled studies, we provide definitive evidence for HCHO formation. We have further identified the possible scenarios for methanol formation through formaldehyde and revealed that the formation of the intermediate and its subsequent reduction are taking place at the same single active site. These studies open a new perspective to improve selectivity toward formaldehyde formation and to develop a subsequent chemistry based on reacting it with nucleophiles.
The impact of state fragility on FDI inflows: The moderating role of natural resources and democratic governance in the MENA region
Authors: Triki Dora , Dimitrova Anna , Valentino Alfredo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe main contribution of this study to international business research is to integrate state fragility as a multidimensional factor determining FDI inflows. After considering 17 countries in the MENA region for the period between 2002 and 2018, our results reveal that state fragility has a negative impact on inward FDI. However, this negative relationship turns out to be moderated by natural resource endowment and democratic governance. While lower levels of democratic governance strengthen the negative impact of state fragility on FDI, it appears that, contrary to our expectations, higher levels of natural resource endowment accentuate this negative impact, thus providing evidence for the resource curse phenomenon.
Off‐pump versus on‐pump coronary artery bypass grafting for octogenarians: A meta‐analysis involving 146 372 patients
Authors: Sun Lifu , Zhou Meijing , Ji Yumeng , Wang Xufeng , Wang Xiaowei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThere is an ongoing debate concerning the optimal surgical option of myocardial revascularization for octogenarians. The current meta‐analysis aimed to compare clinical outcomes following off‐pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) or conventional coronary artery bypass grafting (CCABG) in octogenarians. PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases were searched to identify eligible studies from inception to March 2021. The analysis was performed using STATA 15.1. A literature search yielded 18 retrospective studies involving 146 372 patients (OPCABG = 44 522 vs. CCABG = 101 850). Pooled analysis showed a strong trend toward reducing mortality risk in the OPCABG group (odds ratio: 0.75, 95% confidence interval: 0.56–1.00, p = .05). However, it did not reach statistical significance. The sensitive analysis demonstrated that OPCABG was less likely to cause death than CCABG. There were comparable data in myocardial infarction, renal failure, deep sternal wound infection, and hospital stays between the two groups, although the incidence of stroke, atrial fibrillation, prolonged ventilation, and reoperation for bleeding was significantly lower in the OPCAGB group. OPCABG may be an effective surgical strategy for myocardial revascularization, especially in reducing the incidence of postoperative stroke, atrial fibrillation, prolonged ventilation, and reoperation for bleeding.
Biomechanical characterization of the small intestine to simulate gastrointestinal tract chyme propulsion
Authors: Carvalho Mariana R. , Ferreira João P. S. , Oliveira Dulce A. , Parente Marco P. L. , Natal Jorge Renato M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRegular intestinal motility is essential to guarantee complete digestive function. The coordinative action and integrity of the smooth muscle layers in the small intestine's wall are critical for mixing and propelling the luminal content. However, some patients present gastrointestinal limitations which may negatively impact the normal motility of the intestine. These patients have altered mechanical and muscle properties that likely impact chyme propulsion and may pose a daily scenario for long‐term complications. To better understand how mechanics affect chyme propulsion, the propulsive capability of the small intestine was examined during a peristaltic wave along the distal direction of the tract. It was assumed that such a wave works as an activation signal, inducing peristaltic contractions in a transversely isotropic hyperelastic model. In this work, the effect on the propulsion mechanics, from an impairment on the muscle contractile ability, typical from patients with systemic sclerosis, and the presence of sores resultant from ulcers was evaluated. The passive properties of the constitutive model were obtained from uniaxial tensile tests from a porcine small intestine, along with both longitudinal and circumferential directions. Our experiments show decreased stiffness in the circumferential direction. Our simulations show decreased propulsion forces in patients in systemic sclerosis and ulcer patients. As these patients may likely need medical intervention, establishing action concerning the impaired propulsion can help to ease the evaluation and treatment of future complications.
Balancing conduction velocity error in cardiac electrophysiology using a modified quadrature approach
Authors: Woodworth Lucas A. , Cansız Barış , Kaliske Michael 
Published: March 2022

AbstractConduction velocity error is often the main culprit behind the need for very fine spatial discretizations and high computational effort in cardiac electrophysiology problems. In light of this, a novel approach for simulating an accurate conduction velocity in coarse meshes with linear elements is suggested based on a modified quadrature approach. In this approach, the quadrature points are placed at arbitrary offsets of the isoparametric coordinates. A numerical study illustrates the dependence of the conduction velocity on the spatial discretization and the conductivity when using different quadrature rules and calculation approaches. Additionally, examples using the modified quadrature in coarse meshes for wave propagation demonstrate the improved accuracy of the conduction velocity with this method. This novel approach possesses great potential in reducing the computational effort required but remains limited to specific linear elements and experiences a reduction in accuracy for irregular meshes and heterogeneous conductivities. Further research can focus on developing an adaptive quadrature and extending the approach to other element formulations in order to make the approach more generally applicable.
Colored scheduling scheme for fast and reliable beacon safety messages broadcast in vehicular ad‐hoc networks
Authors: Benaidja Amira 
Published: March 2022

SummaryThe beacon transmission method in vehicular networks has to consider the mobility feature of vehicles and use the wireless channel more efficiently in order to broadcast safety‐related beacons with high reliability while respecting strict deadlines. The time division multiple access (TDMA) scheme has been proposed to improve the effectiveness of the IEEE 802.11p CSMA MAC protocol, but it is challenged with access and merging collisions caused by inefficient strategies in allocating time slots and mobile hidden terminal problems. In this paper, we propose colored velocity‐based TDMA (CVTDMA), an original colored scheduling scheme for the broadcast of safety beacons on the control channel. Based on vehicles speed and colors that it assigns to time slots according to their occupation statuses, it mitigates the mobility effect and maximizes the reuse of slots while avoiding collisions. The simulation results show that our protocol uses the wireless channel much more effectively than the default one defined in IEEE 802.11p.
Online monitoring of financial capacity in older adults: Feasibility and initial findings
Authors: Wild Katherine , Marcoe Jennifer , Mattek Nora , Sharma Nicole , Loewy Elizabeth , Tischler Howard , Kaye Jeffrey , Karlawish Jason 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionImpairment in financial capacity places older adults at risk of fraud or abuse and can be a harbinger of loss of independence. Online automated monitoring of financial transactions offers an objective, unobtrusive, and continuous data collection strategy to minimize risk and to detect early changes in an important complex activity of daily living.MethodsNinety‐three participants used an online financial activity monitoring platform that extracted metrics related to use and potential departures from established patterns of financial behavior. Standard neuropsychological assessments and a performance‐based measure of financial capacity at baseline were compared using continuous monitoring metrics.ResultsParticipants demonstrated a willingness to engage with an online financial activity monitoring system. Online metrics were not associated with performance in specific cognitive domains. Performance on an established test of financial capacity was negatively correlated with a ratio of alerts to transactions, that is, a higher likelihood of errors or deviations from previous activity.DiscussionTo our knowledge, this is the first reported study using secure online technology to link ongoing unobtrusively collected financial activity monitoring data with other objective measures of function and cognition in a cohort of independent living older adults.
Benzoxazolone‐arylpiperazinyl scaffold‐based PET ligand for 5‐HT7: Synthesis and biological evaluation
Authors: Kumari Neelam , Adhikari Anupriya , Singh Deepika , Bhagat Sunita , Ojha Himanshu , Tiwari Anjani K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEfforts are underway to improve the diagnosis and treatment for neurological disorders like depression, anxiety, epilepsy, and schizophrenia. The G‐protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) 5‐HT7 receptor, the most recently identified member of 5‐HT receptor family dysregulation has an association with various central nervous system (CNS) disorders and its ligands have an edge as potential therapeutics. Here, we report the synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation of diversely substituted methoxy derivatives of 2‐benzoxazolone arylpiperazine for targeting 5‐HT7 receptors. Out of all derivatives, only C‐2 substituted derivative, 3‐(4‐(4‐(2‐methoxyphenyl)piperazin‐1‐yl)butyl)benzoxazol‐2(3H)‐one/ABO demonstrate a high affinity for human 5‐HT7 receptors. [11C]ABO was obtained by O‐methylation of desmethyl‐precursor using [11C]CH3OTf in the presence of NaOH giving a high radiochemical yield of 25 ± 12% (decay‐corrected, n = 7) with stability up to 1.5 h postradiolabeling. In vitro autoradiography displays binding of [11C]ABO in accordance with 5‐HT7 distribution with a decrease of approximately 80% and 40% activity in the hippocampus and cerebellum brain region when administered with 10 µM cold ligand. Prefatory positron emission tomography scan results in Sprague‐Dawley (SD) rat brain revealed fast and high radioactivity build‐up in 5‐HT7 receptor‐rich regions, namely, the hippocampus (2.75 ± 0.16 SUV) and the cerebral cortex (2.27 ± 0.02 SUV) establishing selective targeting of [11C]ABO. In summary, these pieces of data designate [11C]ABO as a promising 5‐HT7 receptor ligand that can have possible roles in clinics after its further optimization on different animal models.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed C−H Activation/Annulation of Aryl Hydroxamates with Benzothiadiazol‐Containing Acetylenes: Access to Isoquinoline‐Bridged Donor‐Acceptor Luminophores
Authors: Gribanov Pavel S. , Vorobyeva Daria V. , Tokarev Sergey D. , Petropavlovskikh Dmitry A. , Loginov Dmitry A. , Nefedov Sergey E. , Dolgushin Fedor M. , Osipov Sergey N. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn efficient strategy for the preparation of a novel series of benzothiadiazole‐containing isoquinoline‐bridged D‐A compounds based on Cp*Rh(III)‐catalyzed redox‐neutral annulation ofN‐(pivaloyloxy)‐benzamides with 4‐ethynyl‐7‐(p‐methoxyphenyl)‐2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole as a key step followed by the installation of donor units, such as diphenylamine, carbazole, and dihydrodibenzoazepine, by aromatization and Suzuki coupling reactions, has been developed. An initial photophysical, electrochemical and DFT investigations of the selected products have been performed.
Consumption of whole grains and risk of type 2 diabetes: A comprehensive systematic review and dose–response meta‐analysis of prospective cohort studies
Authors: Ghanbari‐Gohari Faezeh , Mousavi Seyed Mohammad , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to quantitatively summarize earlier findings on the association between whole grain (WG) intake and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk. We searched related keywords on PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar up to October 2021. Prospective observational studies investigating the association between WG intake and risk of T2D were included. The random‐effects model calculates the summary relative risks by contrasting categories and linear and nonlinear dose–response associations. Eleven prospective cohort studies, including 463,282 participants and 37,249 type 2 diabetes incidents, were analyzed. The pooled relative risk (RR) for the highest versus the lowest WG intake category indicated a 21% decrease in T2D risk (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.73–0.85, I2 = 77%). Each additional 50 grams WG consumption per day was associated with a 23% reduced risk of T2D. The nonlinear association of WG and T2D revealed that 60 grams WG intake per day would give the highest benefit to prevent T2D (Pnonlinearity < 0.001). The findings were not affected by any individual study. No evidence of publication bias was documented. In conclusion, a high intake of WG was associated with a lower risk of T2D. Randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm our results.