bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrafast B1 mapping with RF‐prepared 3D FLASH acquisition: Correcting the bias due to T1‐induced k‐space filtering effect
Authors: Zhu Dan , Schär Michael , Qin Qin 
Published: April 2022

PurposeThe traditional radiofrequency (RF)‐prepared B1 mapping technique consists of one scan with an RF preparation module for flip angle‐encoding and a second scan without this module for normalizing. To reduce the T1‐induced k‐space filtering effect, this method is limited to 2D FLASH acquisition with a two‐parameter method. A novel 3D RF‐prepared three‐parameter method for ultrafast B1‐mapping is proposed to correct the T1‐induced quantification bias.TheoryThe point spread function analysis of FLASH shows that the prepared longitudinal magnetization before the FLASH acquisition and the image signal obeys a linear (not proportional) relationship. The intercept of the linear function causes the quantification bias and can be captured by a third saturated scan.MethodsUsing the 2D double‐angle method (DAM) as the reference, a 3D RF‐prepared three‐parameter protocol with 9 s duration was compared with the two‐parameter method, as well as the saturated DAM (SDAM) method, the dual refocusing echo acquisition mode (DREAM) method, and the actual flip‐angle imaging (AFI) method, for B1 mapping of brain, breast, and abdomen with different orientations and shim settings at 3T.ResultsThe 3D RF‐prepared three‐parameter method with complex‐subtraction delivered consistently lower RMS error, error mean, error standard deviation, and higher concordance correlation coefficients values than the two‐parameter method, the three‐parameter method with magnitude‐subtraction, the multi‐slice DREAM and the 3D AFI, and were close to the results of 2D or multi‐slice SDAM.ConclusionThe proposed ultrafast 3D RF‐prepared three‐parameter method with complex‐subtraction was demonstrated with high accuracy for B1 mapping of brain, breast, and abdomen.
HFP‐QSMGAN: QSM from homodyne‐filtered phase images
Authors: Beliveau Vincent , Birkl Christoph , Stefani Ambra , Gizewski Elke R. , Scherfler Christoph 
Published: April 2022

PurposeHomodyne filtering is a standard preprocessing step in the estimation of SWI. Unfortunately, SWI is not quantitative, and QSM cannot be accurately estimated from filtered phase images. Compared with gradient‐echo sequences suitable for computing QSM, SWI is more readily available and is often the only susceptibility‐sensitive sequence acquired in the clinical setting. In this project, we aimed to quantify susceptibility from the homodyne‐filtered phase (HFP), acquired for computing susceptibility‐weighted images, using convolutional neural networks to solve the compounded problem of (1) computing the solution to the inverse dipole problem, and (2) compensating for the effects of the homodyne filtering.MethodsTwo convolutional neural networks, the U‐Net and a modified QSMGAN architecture (HFP‐QSMGAN), were trained to predict QSM maps at different TEs from HFP images. The QSM maps were quantified from a gradient‐echo sequence acquired in the same individuals using total generalized variation (TGV)‐QSM. The QSM maps estimated directly from the HFP were also included for comparison. Voxel‐wise predictions and, importantly, regional predictions of susceptibility with adjustment to a reference region, were compared.ResultsOur results indicate that the U‐Net model provides more accurate voxel‐wise predictions of susceptibility compared with HFP‐QSMGAN and HFP‐QSM. However, regional estimates of susceptibility predicted by HFP‐QSMGAN are more strongly correlated with the values from TGV–QSM compared with those of U‐Net and HFP‐QSM.ConclusionAccurate prediction of susceptibility can be achieved from filtered SWI phase using convolutional neural networks.
Does cerebrospinal fluid pulsation affect diffusion‐weighted imaging thermometry? A study in healthy volunteers
Authors: Sakai Koji , Kentaro Akazawa , Tazoe Jun , Ikeno Hiroyasu , Nakagawa Toshiaki , Yamada Kei 
Published: April 2022

Diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI)‐based thermometry offers potential as a noninvasive method for measuring temperatures deep inside the human brain. However, DWI might be influenced by the pulsatile flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This study aimed to investigate the influence of such pulsations on DWI thermometry in healthy individuals. A total of 104 participants (50 men, 54 women; mean [± standard deviation] age, 44.2 ± 14.3 years; range 21–69 years) were investigated. DWI‐based brain temperature (TDWI) was acquired at three speeds (maximum and minimum speeds of ascending flow and random timing at the cerebral aqueduct) of CSF pulsation using a 3‐T magnetic resonance imaging scanner. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)‐based temperature (TMRS) at the thalamus was also obtained as a reference standard for brain temperature. The three different CSF pulsatile flows were monitored by heart rate during the scan. The difference between reference temperature and brain temperature (ΔT = TDWI– TMRS) along with the three CSF speeds were statistically compared using Student's matched pair t‐test. No significant difference in ΔT was evident among CSF speeds (p > 0.05). No significant linear correlation between ΔT and CSF flow speed at the cerebral aqueduct was observed. Using DWI thermometry with clinical acquisition settings, which utilizes mean values within thresholds, no effect of CSF pulsation speed was observed in the estimation of ΔT.
Association of paternal rejection with externalizing problems of adolescents: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Huang Linhui , Chen Yuanyuan , Zhu Jianjun , Zhang Wei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDespite evidence suggesting the role of the parent–child relationship in externalizing problems, few studies have examined the direct and indirect association of father rejection and externalizing problems. This research examines the mediation effect of peer victimization in the association of paternal rejection with externalizing problems in adolescents. Besides, it explores the moderating effect of impulsivity on this association. In total, 2,116 pupils completed anonymous questionnaires about paternal rejection, peer victimization, externalizing problems, and impulsivity. Sex, age, paternal and maternal education, and per capita income were set as covariates. The results revealed that peer victimization mediated the relationship between paternal rejection and externalizing problems in adolescents. Impulsivity played a moderating role not only in the relationship between paternal rejection and externalizing problems but also in the link between peer victimization and externalizing problems. Specifically, paternal rejection predicted greater externalizing problems only for adolescents with high–level impulsivity, and peer victimization was predictive of greater externalizing problems only for adolescents with high levels of impulsivity. The findings highlight that paternal rejection and peer victimization have a potential, long‐lasting influence on the psychological well‐being of adolescents, particularly for adolescents high in impulsivity.
Addressing mental health and wellbeing in a consultation
Authors: Fox Charles , Kilvert Anne 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPeople with diabetes manage their condition 24 hours a day, seven days a week and only about 2% of decisions are made in consultation with a health care professional. Many factors impact on a person's ability to manage their diabetes, and consequently on their mental health and wellbeing. These include everyday life pressures: work, celebrations, holidays and major life events, such as loss of a loved one or a job. Diabetes‐specific stresses include diabetes distress and burnout, fear of hypos and complications, eating disorders and denial, with an increased risk of anxiety and depression. Some people have pre‐existing mental health conditions which lead directly to development of diabetes and add to the challenge of glycaemic management.The health care professional has an important role in supporting people with diabetes with education and technology, but it is crucial that they also address mental health and wellbeing as this impacts on the person's diabetes.In this article, based on a presentation at the Diabetes Professional Care Conference, we contrast the medical and biopsychosocial models of care and discuss the importance of the principles of person‐centred care and empowerment in addressing mental health of people with diabetes. Being empathic and giving the person the opportunity to talk about their feelings is central to this approach. Copyright © 2022 John Wiley & Sons.
Association of midlife cognition impairment with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus in an Indian population
Authors: Mukherjee Sharmistha , Ghosh Sambuddha , Ghosh Srijit 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Cognitive impairment is associated with worsening of diabetic retinopathy (DR). While cognitive impairment has been observed in the elderly with DR, no report on cognition is available in middle‐aged patients with DR. We explored the association between midlife cognitive impairment and DR in an Indian population cohort.Methods: We undertook an institutional analytical cross‐sectional study with middle‐aged type 2 diabetes mellitus patients; there were 36 cases with DR and 36 patients without DR (NODR). Cognition was assessed by mini‐mental state examination (MMSE) questionnaires and compared between both groups.Results: The median age was 55 years in the DR group and 53.5 years in the NODR group. The MMSE score in DR (23.5 ± 3.3, 95% CI 22.3–24.6) was lower (p = 0.015) than in NODR (25.3 ± 3.3, 95% CI 24.2–26.5). The MMSE score in DR was lower in all the domains except for that of language. MMSE score in females (23.1 ± 3.4) was lower (p = 0.001) than in males (25.8 ± 3.0). Education‐adjusted MMSE score was normal among 31 (86.1%) in NODR and 21 (58.3%) in DR (p = 0.009). Dementia was present in 36.1% of cases with DR and 13.9% of cases with NODR. Those with DR had a 4.8 times chance of having education‐adjusted cognitive impairment compared to NODR (p = 0.046, odds ratio 4.8, 95% CI 1.0–22.7). Compared to NODR cases, the chances of having education‐adjusted cognitive impairment increased in mild non‐proliferative DR (p < 0.001, odds ratio 1.8, 95% CI 0.3–11.1), moderate non‐proliferative DR (p = 0.002, odds ratio 4.3, 95% CI 1.1–16.8), and advanced DR (p < 0.001, odds ratio 9.30, 95% CI 1.92–45.10).Conclusions: DR was positively associated with cognitive impairment in middle age in this sample of the Indian population. Copyright © 2022 John Wiley & Sons.
Gambogic acid inhibits epithelial–mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells through upregulation of SIRT1 expression in vitro
Authors: Jiang Shi‐ye , Yu Jun , Zhu Ming , Zhang Xiao‐mei , Zhang Yuan‐ying , Zhang Qin , Hu Qing , Lv Min 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGambogic acid (GA) is a natural product that selectively induces apoptosis of cancer cells in vitro with high efficiency and low toxicity. Our previous data have shown inhibitory effects of GA on breast cancer cells. However, the detailed mechanisms for GA remain largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effect of GA on TGF‐β1‐induced tumor invasion and EMT in MDA‐MB‐231 cells, and contribution of elevated SIRT1 to antitumor effects of GA. Human breast cell MDA‐MB‐231 and MDA‐MB‐231 were incubated with TGF‐β1 (100 ng/ml) and GA. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay, while tumor invasion was determined by Boyden chamber invasion assay. The mRNA levels of SIRT1 and TGF‐β1 were measured by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). The protein expressions of SIRT1 and EMT‐associated mesenchymal marker Vimentin were measured by Western blotting. Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) protein content was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Our results showed that, GA showed decreased proliferation in MDA‐MB‐231 cells, especially in MDA‐MB‐231 cells with TGF‐β1 incubation. GA inhibited tumor invasion and EMT in TGF‐β1‐treated MDA‐MB‐231 cells. GA increased mRNA and protein expression of SIRT1 in MDA‐MB‐231 cells with and without TGF‐β1 treatment. SIRT1 mRNA level in MDA‐MB‐231 cells was increased by TGF‐β1 incubation and decreased by GA treatment. In addition, the production of IL‐6 was increased by TGF‐β1, and decreased by GA. In conclusion, GA inhibits tumor invasion and EMT in breast cancer, potentially through upregulating SIRT1 expression. This study provides a novel antitumor effect of GA in breast cancer.
Migrate to divorce, to overcome divorce, or to avoid divorce? Divorce and migration nexus among Chinese (wo)men migrants in Paris
Authors: Lévy  Florence 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDrawing on 10‐year ethnographic fieldwork in France and China with Northern Chinese migrants in Paris, this paper analyses the imbrication of divorce and migration. Most women had divorced before leaving China, a smaller group divorced after arriving in France, many of them try to remarry abroad, while men respondents were almost all married in China. Relying on an intersectional approach and a transnational perspective, this paper unveils how married or divorcee status have influenced their choices to move or to remain in China, to stay abroad or return. More generally, it examines how the gendered social norms on family, marriage and divorce shape migrants' agency and how it may vary according to social class, gender, age, marital and migration status. The paper questions the transnational power of gender norms and observes how the scripts on family and divorce in China traverse state borders and continue to structure migrants' transnational experiences.
Large‐eddy simulation of very stable boundary layers. Part I: Modeling methodology
Authors: Chinita Maria J. , Matheou Georgios , Miranda Pedro M. A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe large‐eddy simulation of very stable boundary layers (SBLs) remains challenging due to the large anisotropy of turbulent motions resulting from buoyancy suppression effects, and to the general reduction of its energetic scales. Here, we develop a novel large‐eddy simulation model setup to enable the modeling of the very SBL, avoiding the use of the Monin–Obukhov similarity theory at its lower boundary condition, as it breaks down in these conditions in agreement with previous studies. The new approach requires very fine grids in the vertical direction, in the order of a few centimeters. A series of Ekman‐layer‐type boundary layers under weak‐wind conditions ( and 2 ms), and strong surface cooling rates (1 and 3 Khr) at high latitude is studied using isotropic grids of 0.05 and 0.10 m resolution. The low‐order statistics show some sensitivity to the grid resolution; for example, both the SBL height and the low‐level jet position decrease with increasing grid resolution. In general, some differences are spotted regarding the shape of the wind speed and temperature vertical profiles, compared with weakly to moderately stratified conditions, suggesting that the structure and characteristics of the SBL evolve with increasing stratification. Moreover, the wind turning is significant from the surface, where the surface wind angle relative to the geostrophic wind is about 50. Lastly, two regimes within very stable conditions can be qualitatively identified primarily based on the gradient Richardson number () profiles: In the less stable regime, increases almost linearly with height and a quasi‐steady state is achieved; however, in the most stable regime, sharply increases near the surface and remains constant throughout the SBL while increasing with time up to . Thus, a quasi‐steady state is not achieved; and although turbulence does not collapse, it remains weak.
Relativistic ro‐vibrational feature of electron in Bohr's orbits of hydrogen‐like atoms in Heisenberg picture
Authors: Jahanpanah Jafar , Vahedi A. , Khosrojerdi H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe relativistic effects have been widely reported to affect the chemical and physical properties of the heavy elements such as lanthanides (), actinides (), and transactinides (). This effect is definitely weakened by reducing the atomic number in lighter elements such as hydrogen‐like atoms (HLAs). The aim of present paper is to investigate the relativistic effects of electron motion in Bohr orbits on the chemical and physical properties of HLAs. The theoretical model is based on the Heisenberg (rather than Schrodinger) picture where the relativistic vibrational Hamiltonian (RVH) is expanded as a power series of harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian for the first time. By applying the first‐order RVH (correct to ) to the Heisenberg equation, a pair of coupled equations is obtained for the relativistic position and linear momentum of electron. A simple comparison of the first‐order relativistic and nonrelativistic equations reveals that the relativistic natural frequency of an HLA (like entropy) is slowly raised by increasing beyond . In general, RVH plays a fundamental role because it specifies the temporal relativistic variations of position, velocity, and linear momentum of the oscillating electron. The results are finally verified by demonstrating energy conservation.
Optical properties of para‐oligophenylenes: A case study of electronic absorption spectrum and relaxation dynamics of terphenyl
Authors: Isukapalli Sai Vamsi Krishna , Nag Probal , Vennapusa Sivaranjana Reddy 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe present a detailed quantitative description of vibronic‐coupling effects on the singlet photophysics of para‐oligophenylenes. Four energetically close‐lying singlet states (S1, S2, S3, and S4) are taken into consideration to interpret the first UV/Vis absorption band of these molecules. As a representative example, the energetics of those four states are evaluated for para‐terphenyl by performing extensive electronic structure calculations within the linear vibronic coupling framework. We obtain absorption spectral profiles by wavepacket propagation technique using the multi‐configuration time‐dependent Hartree method. Computed spectral profiles are in accord with the experiment. A minor electronic population transfer to upper states on a timescale of 10 fs is observed, suggesting the excited‐state nonadiabatic behavior of the molecule. Our findings necessitate the experimental validation of the role of higher states in the spectroscopy and dynamics of photoexcited para‐oligophenylenes.
A robotic puncture system with optical and mechanical feedback under respiratory motion
Authors: Zhang Wenlong , Bao Kaiyang , Zheng Lingxiang , Cai Lijing , Yan Biao , Yang Rongqian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPuncture robot can improve the accuracy and efficiency of puncture surgery, such as thoracoabdominal and liver puncture. However, as soft tissue is deformed and shifted under respiratory motion and during the puncture process, the needle is pulled, resulting in the needle's bending and deformation, which increases the risks and sufferings of the patient, a robotic puncture system with optical and mechanical feedback is necessary. Therefore, this paper proposes a multi‐information sensing ‘guide‐clamp’ end effector for puncture surgery to accurately detect the posture and force on the puncture needle in real time. And gravity bias method with trajectory planning and the compensational controlling model are also proposed to offset the interference of self‐weight and achieve zero force following. This system is evaluated by the experiments of robot controlling and human tissue simulation and the results prove the excellent robustness of the system, which meet the clinical requirement.
Decentralized control and state estimation of linear time‐periodic systems
Authors: Andrushka Ivan , Batista Pedro , Oliveira Paulo , Silvestre Carlos 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe main contributions of this article are the design of a decentralized controller and state estimator for linear time‐periodic systems with fixed network topologies. The proposed method to tackle both problems consists of reformulating the linear periodic dynamics as a linear time‐invariant system by applying a time‐lifting technique and designing a discrete‐time decentralized controller and state estimator for the time‐lifted formulation. The problem of designing the decentralized estimator is formulated as a discrete‐time Kalman filter subject to sparsity constraints on the gains. Two different algorithms for the computation of steady‐state observer gains are tested and compared. The control problem is posed as a state feedback gain optimization problem over an infinite‐horizon quadratic cost, subject to a sparsity constraint on the gains. An equivalent formulation that consists in the optimization of the steady‐state solution of a matrix difference equation is presented and an algorithm for the computation of the decentralized gain is detailed. Simulation results for the practical cases of the quadruple‐tank process and an extended 40‐tank process are presented that illustrate the performance of the proposed solutions, complemented with numerical simulations using the Monte Carlo method.
Uncovering the correct publication date, spelling and attribution for the basionym of Hibbertia subg. Hemistemma (Dilleniaceae)
Authors: Kellermann Jürgen , Hammer Timothy A. , Toelken Hellmut R. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe complex publication history of Hibbertia subg. Hemistemma (Juss. ex Thouars) J.W.Horn is discussed, in particular the different editions of Du Petit‐Thouars's books on the plants of Madagascar, and it is concluded that the basionym Hemistemma Juss. ex Thouars was published in 1806 with that spelling and authorship. A type is designated for the name as well as for the synonym Pleurandra Labill.
Choline diet improves serum lipid parameters and alters egg composition in breeder ducks
Authors: Song Jianlou , Shi Xuefeng , Li Xingzheng , Zheng Jiangxia 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundCholine is an important nutrient, playing key roles in numerous metabolic pathways relevant to animal health.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary choline on the lipid parameters, cardiovascular health (CVH), and levels of egg trimethylamine (TMA) and cholesterol in breeder ducks during the late laying period.MethodsA total of 60 Jingjiang ducks were randomly separated into six replicates of 10 ducks each. After peak production until 65 weeks of age, the birds were fed a control basal diet. The same ducks served as the control group until 65 weeks of age, when the same ducks served as the choline‐supplemented group, after 15 days of dietary choline supplementation at 2955 mg/kg choline above and over the basal diet initially provided. The 15 days of choline supplementation included an initial 5‐day acclimatisation period.ResultsDietary choline supplementation increased serum TMA (p < 0.01), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low‐density lipoprotein, and triglyceride levels in older breeder ducks. However, it did not change the levels of trimethylamine N‐oxide but decreased the atherosclerosis index compared with those of the control group (p < 0.01). Moreover, it increased (p < 0.01) the egg yolk TMA levels but did not change the concentrations of cholesterol in egg yolk.ConclusionsDietary choline supplementation had a beneficial effect on lipid parameters and CVH in older breeder ducks, although it increased the serum and egg yolk TMA levels.
Peribulbar block in a rabbit presenting for enucleation
Authors: Ryan Aoife Clare , Dutton Thomas Anthony George , Gurney Matthew Alistair 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper discusses the use of a peribulbar local block with bupivacaine in a rabbit presenting for enucleation and represents an alternative locoregional technique to a retrobulbar block, which is challenging to perform in rabbits due to the presence of a venous sinus behind the globe. A peribulbar block is comparatively easy to perform, and it provided excellent perioperative and postoperative analgesia in the case reported. Clinicians should consider a peribulbar block as part of a multimodal anaesthetic plan where indicated.