bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Irrigation and Rain fed practices on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Normalized Difference Vegetative Index and its implications on Grain Yield in North China
Authors: Mazengo Tumaini Erasto Robert , Guo Zhongying , Liu Xiaoying , Wu Yingnan , Li Yuzhong , Gwandu Catherine 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The five winter wheat genotypes were evaluated based on Normalized Difference Vegetative Index (NDVI) under irrigation and rain fed conditions. The 30 treatments were appropriately conducted according to the experimental design during the two consecutive cropping seasons, from 2017 to 2019. The NDVI was used to evaluate the differences of wheat genotypes from irrigation and rain fed effects. The results indicated that NDVI varied at all vegetative stages and there were some significant differences ( p < 0.05) on NDVI indices among genotypes throughout the growth period and were critical at the booting and grain filling stages from the end of March to mid-May but indices values started to decrease immediately after physiological maturity. In the entire study, the maximum NDVI (0.82) from Zhongmai-36 genotype corresponded to grain yield (8.05 Mgha− 1) and was obtained in one supplementary irrigation treatment. The maximum NDVI in rain fed treatment was (0.78) from Zhongmai-36 and corresponded to the grain yield of (7.28 Mgha− 1). This study suggests that, wheat genotype (Zhongmai-36) among the other four, can be prioritized to grow under limited irrigation applications without compromising grain yield (GY). Moreover, since the NDVI, leaf area index (LAI) and GY related positively during the entire growth period, hence can be used for the real time wheat growth monitoring, in season water requirements and grain yield simulation. This information can be used by agricultural stakeholders and decision makers on food security for early warning.
Unravelling the mechanism of autoinhibition by Pseudomonas aeruginosa aminopeptidase enables the development of a potent antibiofilm cyclic peptide
Authors: Harding Christopher John , Bischoff Marcus , Bergkessel Megan , Czekster Clarissa Melo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that causes serious illness, especially in immunocompromised individuals, including those with cystic fibrosis. P. aeruginosa extensively forms biofilms which significantly contribute to its growth and persistence in a wide range of environments. In addition, its success can be attributed to several secreted proteases. Here, we investigated the aminopeptidase PaAP from P. aeruginosa, which is one of the most abundant extracellular proteins in the biofilm matrix. Increasing evidence suggests this quorum-sensing-regulated peptidase is associated with biofilm development and contributes to nutrient recycling by complementing the activity of other secreted proteases. We confirmed that post translational processing was required for activation, as a C-terminal truncation mutant possessed ~100-fold higher activity than the full-length enzyme. We determined that PaAP is a promiscuous aminopeptidase acting on unstructured regions of peptides and proteins. High-resolution crystal structures of wild type enzyme and mutants revealed the mechanism of autoinhibition, whereby the C-terminal pro-peptide locks the protease-associated (PA) domain and the catalytic peptidase domain, into a closed, inhibited conformation. Inspired by this self-regulatory mechanism and guided by structural data, we designed a highly potent small cyclic-peptide inhibitor (Ki in the nM range). This inhibitor recapitulates the deleterious phenotype observed with a PaAP deletion mutant in liquid cultures and biofilm assays and presents a path towards targeting secreted proteins in a biofilm context.
Ultrastructural study confirms the formation of single and heterotypic syncytial cells in bronchoalveolar fluids of COVID-19 patients
Authors: Chaudhary Shikha , Yadav Ravi Prakash , Kumar Shailendra , Yadav Subhash Chandra 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
SARS-CoV-2 was reported to induce cell fusions to form multinuclear syncytia that might facilitate viral replication, dissemination, immune evasion, and inflammatory responses. In this study, we have reported the types of cells involved in syncytia formation at different stages of COVID-19 disease through electron microscopy.
Methods
Bronchoalveolar fluids from the mild (n = 8, 2–8 days), moderate (n = 8, 9–16 days), and severe (n = 8, after 17th days) COVID-19 patients were examined by PAP (cell type identification), immunofluorescence (for the level of viral infection), scanning (SEM), and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy to identify the syncytia.
Results
Immunofluorescence studies (S protein-specific antibodies) from each syncytium cell indicate a very high infection level. We could not find any syncytial cells in mildly infected patients. However, identical (neutrophils or type 2 pneumocytes) and heterotypic (neutrophils-monocytes) plasma membrane initial fusion (indicating initiation of fusion) was observed under TEM in moderately infected patients. Fully matured large-size (20–100µm) syncytial cells were found in severe ARDS patients of neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophage origin under SEM.
Conclusions
This ultrastructural study on the syncytial cells from COVID-19 patients sheds light on the disease's stages and types of cells involved in the syncytia formations. Syncytia formation was first induced in type II pneumocytes by homotypic fusion and later with haematopoetic cells (monocyte and neutrophils) by heterotypic fusion in the moderate stage (9–16 days) of the disease. Matured syncytia were reported in the late phase of the disease and formed large giant cells of 40 to 100 µm.
Bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation identify flotillin-1 as diagnostic biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Liang , Chen Yalun , Yan Xiang , Tang Shanhong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the expression of lipid raft protein flotillin-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma and its relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis. The expression of flotillin-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma was analyzed by TIMER, TNMplot and UALCAN, a comprehensive gene expression database. Western-blot and immunohistochemical experiments were used to detect the expression of flotillin-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma and adjacent normal tissues. GEPIA, LinkedOmics and KM-Plotter databases were used to analyze the correlation between flotillin-1 and the clinicopathological features and stage of hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as the clinical prognosis of patients. Finally, the potential signaling pathway was studied by analyzing the protein interaction network. Database analysis found that flotillin-1 was highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma. Western-blot and immunohistochemical experiments confirmed that flotillin-1 was abnormally highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. The expression of flotillin-1 was significantly correlated with the clinical stage, pathological T stage, differentiation degree, TP53 mutation, hepatitis B infection and vascular invasion. Survival analysis showed that patients with high expression of flotillin-1 had poor prognosis. The protein interaction network and signal pathway enrichment analysis found that flotillin-1 may promote the development of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating RNA-related metabolic processes. In conclusion, flotillin-1 is a potential prognostic indicator and may promote the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating RNA metabolism.
Cervical sagittal balance after consecutive three-level hybrid surgery versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: radiological results from a single-center experience
Authors: Chen Shihao , Deng Yuxiao , Liu Hao , Wu Tingkui , Huang Kangkang , He Junbo , Wang Beiyu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction: According to the different numbers and relative locations of cervical disc replacement (CDR) and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), three-level hybrid surgery (HS) has many constructs. The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare the sagittal alignment parameters of HS and ACDF for cervical degenerative disc disease (CDDD) and the association of the respective parameters.
Methods: This study involved patients with three-level CDDD who underwent ACDF or HS at our institution between June 2012 and August 2021. This follow-up included one-level CDR and two-level ACDF (type I group), two-level CDR and one-level ACDF (type II group) and three-level ACDF. Cervical sagittal alignment parameters included cervical lordosis (CL), segment alignment (SA), T1 slope (T1S), C2-C7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA), T1S-CL, C2 slope (C2S), occipital to C2 angle (O-C2A) and segment range of motion (ROM).Postoperative complications included adjacent segment degeneration (ASD), imbalance, prosthetic subsidence and heterotopic ossification (HO).
Results: The three groups with a total of 106 patients were better matched in terms of demographics. Patients who underwent HS had significantly higher CL than those who underwent ACDF at 1 week, 6 months, 12 months and the final follow-up after surgery, as well as significantly better SA at 12 months and the final follow-up. There was no significant difference in T1S, SVA, T1S-CL, C2S, O-C2A or segment ROM among the three groups after surgery. The T1S-CL was significantly associated with C2S in the type I and type II groups at the preoperative and final follow-up. There was no significant difference in postoperative complications among the three groups.
Conclusions: Most improvements in cervical sagittal alignment (CL, SA, T1S, SVA, T1S-CL, C2S, O-C2A, and segmental ROM) were observed in all three groups postoperatively. HS was more advantageous than ACDF in the maintenance of postoperative CL and SA. Thus, three-level HS may be better for maintaining cervical curvature. The number of replacement segments differed in those who underwent HS but did not affect the correlation between T1S-CL and C2S, both of which are well balanced.
Prognostic Prediction and Immunotherapy Analysis of Basement Membranes-Related Genes in Osteosarcoma Based on Bioinformatics
Authors: Lai Xingming , Liu Nian , Liu Li , Huang Xinyu , Xiong Tao , Li Cheng , Hu Wei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurpose:The prognosis and survival rate of metastatic osteosarcoma have been puzzling people. The penetration of basement membranes (BMs) is one of the necessary conditions for tumor metastasis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) also plays an indispensable role in tumor proliferation, migration and invasion. It is unclear whether BMs-related lncRNAs are associated with osteosarcoma prognosis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether there is a correlation between BMs-related lncRNAs and the prognosis of osteosarcoma.Methods:The BMs-related lncRNAs associated with prognosis were screened out, and several participating models were selected by LASSO Cox regression method.All OS samples from TCGA were divided into high-risk group and low-risk group according to the median risk score. The model was used to value prognosis and survival, and the validity and accuracy of the model were verified.Results:The high-risk group had a worse prognosis than the low-risk group. The clinicopathological characteristics analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), ROC curve, C-index curve and model comparison analysis all proved that the model was reliable. Moreover, there was an association between risk score and OS immunity.Conclusion:the lncRNAs associated with BMs can be used to value the prognosis of OS and may be involved in tumor immunity.
Analysis of rainfall variability and trends for better climate risk management in the major maize producing districts in northwestern part of Ethiopia
Authors: Wossen Tesfaye , Tesfaye Kindie , Simane Belay , Ousman Yenus 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

The current study evaluated historical rainfall data for its variability in three districts of the Central Gondar Zone in Ethiopia's northwestern region. The rainfall required for crop production in the research areas is the contribution of rain from June to September (kiremt rain). The annual rainfall total has a higher percentage during the Kiremt season, ranging from 79% at Chilga, 85.6% at Alefa, and 88% at Maksegnit. Rainfall totals from the bega (October to January) and belg (February to May) seasons made up the remaining portion. The lowest CV values for the seasonal fluctuation of rainfall during the kiremt season are 7.7 at Alefa, 7.6 at Chilga, and 17.9 at Maksegnit. The CV is substantially larger for the total rainfall during the bega and belg seasons than it is for the kiremt season, indicating that there is greater temporal variability in the total rainfall during the bega and belg seasons. At Alefa and Chilga locations, the monthly totals were 280 mm and 357 mm respectively in July, while the Maksegnit site recorded 349 mm in August. The average rainy season began on May 21 (142.3 DOY) in Alefa and ended on June 12 (164.2 DOY) in Chilga. On the other hand, the rainy season ends November 3 (308 DOY), November 4 (309 DOY), and November 12 (317 DOY) in Alefa, Chilga, and Maksegnit, respectively. At Maksegnit, Chilga, and Alefa, the mean LGP is 133.3, 136.5, and 143.2, respectively. At Alefa, the likelihood of dry periods lasting more than five days steadily reduces starting on May 21, October 12, and March 1, and then gradually increases again around October 17 and November 1.Therfore, this findings give a clue of understanding the rainfall features and associated to crop production in the study area.
Promoter hypomethylation upregulates ANXA2 expression in pancreatic cancer and is associated with poor prognosis.
Authors: MENADI Soumaya , CACAN Ercan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the world's most aggressive and deadly cancers, owing to non-specific early clinical symptoms, late-stage diagnosis, and poor survival. Therefore, it is critical to identify specific biomarkers for its early diagnosis. Annexin A2 (ANXA2) is a calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein that has been reported to be up-regulated in several cancer types, making it an emerging biomarker and potential cancer therapeutic target. However, the mechanism underlying the regulation of ANXA2 overexpression is still unclear. It is well established that genetic and epigenetic alteration may lead to widespread dysregulation of gene expression. Hence, in this study, we focused on exploring the regulatory mechanism of ANXA2 by investigating the transcriptional profile, methylation pattern, somatic mutation, and prognostic value of ANXA2 in PC using several bioinformatics databases. Our results revealed that the expression levels of ANXA2 were remarkably increased in PC tissues comparing to normal tissues. Furthermore, the high expression of ANXA2 was significantly related to the poor prognosis of PC patients. More importantly, we demonstrated for the first time that the ANXA2 promoter is hypomethylated in PC tissues compared to normal tissues which may result in ANXA2 overexpression in PC. However, more experimental research is required to corroborate our findings.
Circadian Modulation of the Time Course of Automatic and Controlled Semantic Processing
Authors: Palmero Lucía B. , Tortajada Miriam , Martínez-Pérez Víctor , Sandoval-Lentisco Alejandro , Campoy Guillermo , Fuentes Luis J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Circadian rhythm patterns vary across individuals, producing the existence of different chronotypes. Chronotype refers to the preferences of individuals to perform their daily life activities, being classified as intermediate-types (no specific circadian preference), morning-types (preference for early morning hours) and evening-types (preference for later hours). We investigated whether chronotype and time-of-day modulate the time course of automatic and controlled semantic processing. Participants performed a category semantic priming task at either the optimal or non-optimal time-of-day. We varied the prime-target onset asynchrony (100-, 450-, 650-, and 850-ms SOAs) and kept the percentage of unrelated targets constant at 80%. Automatic processing, producing facilitatory priming, was expected with the short SOA, and controlled processing, producing inhibitory priming, was expected with longer SOAs.
Results
Intermediate-types (Experiment 1) verified that our task was sensitive to capturing both types of processes. Facilitatory automatic priming was observed early in the first trials of the short 100-ms SOA, then controlled and automatic processing cancelled each other producing a lack of priming effects (2nd and 3rd subblocks of the 100-ms SOA and the 450-ms SOA). Finally, with the longer SOAs only inhibitory controlled priming was observed, which size increased with time. This time course of automatic and controlled processing in intermediate-types served as reference to assessed both types of processes in extreme chronotypes. Morning-type and evening-type participants (Experiment 2) differed in the influence of time of testing on priming effects. Morning-types applied control in all conditions, and no modulation of performance by time-of-day was observed. In contrast, evening-types were only able to suppress automatic processing when the task was performed at their optimal time of day. Also, they were considerably slower in the implementation of controlled processing as inhibitory priming occur in the longest 850-ms SOA only.
Conclusions
These results suggest that extreme chronotypes are associated with different styles of cognitive control. Morning-types show a proactive control style that fosters maintenance of active response strategies to resolve conflict without producing negative effects. Evening-types show a reactive control style such that conflict resolution is influenced by task demands. This dissociation suggests a better adaptation strategy of the morning-type chronotype.
Multiple sources of genetic diversity contributed to the extensive ethnolinguistic diversity in Southwest China
Authors: He Guanglin , Duan Shuhan , Sun Qiuxia , Xu Xiaofei , Liu Yan , Tang Renkuan , Yang Junbao , Yeh Hui-Yuan , Liu Jing , Wang Zheng , Chen Pengyu , Liu Chao , Wang Mengge 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Fine-scale genetic backgrounds based on the sharing of alleles and haplotypes can gain new insights into the population admixture processes of ethnolinguistically diverse populations, which is essential for evolutionary and medical phenotypes. However, the genetic diversity and population history of southern Chinese indigenous people and their interaction with Han Chinese populations keep unknown. Here, we genotyped 700K genome-wide SNPs from four Guizhou populations and merged them with publicly available data from 18 Guizhou populations and SNP data from 200 modern and ancient East Asian groups to perform one comprehensive population genetic analysis. We found that Guizhou populations harbored a strong genetic substructure correlated with the ethnolinguistically diverse Tai-Kadai (TK), Hmong-Mien (HM), and Tibeto-Burman (TB) categories. We comprehensively characterized the genetic signatures of geographically diverse HM people. We identified the unique HM genetic lineages in Southwestern China and Southeast Asia as their shared ancestry component in the admixture and demographical history reconstruction. Our identified admixture signatures and times further supported the hypothesis that the HM people originated in the Yungui Plateau and then southward migration during the historical period. Admixture models focused on ST and TK people supported their intense interaction and harbored the most extensive gene flow levels consistent with their shared linguistic and cultural characteristics and lifestyles. Estimates of shared IBD and effective population size showed the extensive population intrafraction and gene flow events in different time scales. This work focuses on the genetic features of high-density SNP markers, presents one complete landscape of the evolutionary genetic history of ethnolinguistically different southern China, and fills the gap of missing diversity in South China.
A Secured Wireless Charging Scheme with Data Transmission
Authors: Lin Chun-Liang , Wong Zi-Qian , Yang Jamie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This research task proposes a magnetic resonant coupling wireless power transfer (MRC-WPT) scheme for electric vehicles, which realizes secure data communication between the wireless charging station and the electric vehicle using binary phase shift-keying (BPSK) data transmission, thereby waving any radio frequency (RF) communication links. The secondary side is designed to accept power while transmits data back to the primary side simultaneously. The BPSK design ensures data transmission robustness to against disturbance interference. The data is encrypted by the user's biometric features for information security. The magnetic resonance performs better than that of the traditional magnetic induction in the power transmission efficiency against coil misalignments. With the Internet of Thing (IoT) architecture, the encrypted data can be stored and retrieved via the cloud server.
Evaluation of Grewia optiva Drummond Clonal seed orchard for morphometric and fodder quality parameters
Authors: Thakur Sushmita , Sankhyan H P , Sharma J P 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Grewia optiva is an important agroforestry species and is grown in lower and mid hills of Western Himalayas by the farmers. It is a multi-purpose tree that provides leaf fodder, fibre and fuelwood. The leaves have high digestibility, nutritive value and is preferred by the livestock. With the increasing demand for fodder, there is a need to develop clones of genetically superior trees. Production of good quality seeds in sufficient large quantity ensures increased productivity of forest plantations by stable supply of genetically desirable and well adapted planting stock. Clonal seed orchard of Grewia optiva consisting of 21 clones was established in the year 2013 in three replicates in RBD design by planting of clonally propagated best families of seedling seed orchard. The clones were evaluated for variability in plant growth parameters, fruit and seed parameters, leaf parameters and fodder quality parameters. The data was subject to principle component analysis and cluster analysis to select best clones for various traits.