bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the COVID-19 kindergarten closure on overweight and obesity among 3- to 7-year-old children
Authors: Long Xiang , Li Xing-Ying , Jiang Hong , Shen Lian-Di , Zhang Li-Feng , Pu Zheng , Gao Xia , Li Mu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Knowledge on the impact of the temporary kindergarten closure policy under COVID-19 in 2020 on childhood overweight and obesity is inadequate. We aimed to examine differences in rates of overweight and obesity from 2018 to 2021 among kindergarten children aged 3–7 years.

Methods
Overweight was defined as body mass index (BMI) > 1 standard deviation (SD) for age and sex, and obesity was defined as BMI > 2 SD for age and sex. Generalized linear mixed modeling was used for analysis.

Results
A total of 44,884 children and 71,216 growth data points from all 57 public kindergartens in Jiading District, Shanghai, China were analyzed. The rates of obesity from 2018 to 2021 were 6.9%, 6.6%, 9.5%, and 7.3% in boys and 2.8%, 2.8%, 4.5%, and 3.1% in girls, respectively. The rates of overweight from 2018 to 2021 were 14.3%, 14.3%, 18.2%, and 15.3% in boys and 10.6%, 10.9%, 13.9%, and 11.6% in girls. The rates of obesity and overweight among kindergarten children in 2020 were significantly higher than those in 2018, 2019, and 2021. Compared to 2020, the odds ratios of the obesity rate in 2018, 2019, and 2021 were 0.67 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.58–0.77, P < 0.001], 0.72 (95% CI = 0.64–0.80, P < 0.001) and 0.81 (95% CI = 0.72–0.92, P = 0.001), respectively. The odds ratios of the overweight rate in 2018, 2019, and 2021 were 0.75 (95% CI = 0.69–0.82, P < 0.001), 0.78 (95% CI = 0.72–0.84, P < 0.001), and 0.89 (95% CI = 0.81–0.97, P = 0.008), respectively, compared to 2020.

Conclusions
The rates of overweight and obesity significantly increased among kindergarten children in 2020 after the 5-month kindergarten closure. It was critical to provide guidance to caregivers on fostering a healthy lifestyle for children at home under public health emergencies.
Psychological Distress During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic and Associated Factors Among Undergraduate Students in Japan
Authors: Sato Yukihiro , Yatsuya Hiroshi , Saijo Yasuaki , Yoshioka Eiji , Tabuchi Takahiro 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjective:This cross-sectional study aimed to examine factors potentially associated with psychological distress among undergraduate students during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in Japan.Methods:We analyzed data of 958 undergraduates (median age 20 y; 56.8% women) from a Web-based, self-administered questionnaire survey conducted from August to September 2020. Prevalence ratios (PRs) for psychological distress defined as 5 points or over of the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) were calculated by Poisson regression models.Results:The proportion of psychological distress was 40.0%. In the mutually-adjusted model, the following were significantly associated with psychological distress: decreases in household income to 50-99% of the prepandemic amount compared with no change (PR = 1.48), newly experiencing unpaid wages compared with no experience (PR = 1.44), insufficient money to buy necessities compared with no shortage (PR = 1.45), receiving a student loan or scholarship compared with none (PR = 1.27), and communication 1 to 3 times a month compared with at least once a week (PR = 1.22). In contrast, school closure during the pandemic compared with no closure was inversely associated with psychological distress (PR = 0.78).Conclusions:Among undergraduate students in Japan, economic difficulties significantly predicted psychological distress.
Cash Induced Demand
Authors: Chen Huaizhi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractI show that cash distributions through cash mergers, dividend payments, and stock buybacks are, in principle, similar to investor fund flows in generating demand for investable assets. Abnormal returns on certain assets can be forecasted because delegated investors predictably reinvest cash returns toward certain holdings. Novel measures of stock-level demand constructed using proportional reinvestments by mutual funds predict abnormal returns and issuances in noncash-paying stocks. These results highlight an alternative and substantial source of price fluctuations in the cross section of equities.
The isolated symptom of unilateral tonsillar enlargement has limited value in adults with a suspected head and neck cancer pathway
Authors: Lau K L , Rajgor A , Muzammil A , Scurrah R , Cocks H , Oozeer N 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveGiven the uncertainty regarding the predictive value of unilateral tonsillar enlargement and/or lesion in malignancies, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of unilateral tonsillar enlargement and/or lesion referral criterion in the adult suspected head and neck cancer pathway.MethodsAll two-week wait referrals received in 2018–2019 were reviewed. All patients referred with unilateral tonsillar enlargement and/or lesion were included and analysed for patient demographic data, presenting symptoms, initial clinic outcomes and final diagnoses.ResultsA total of 4934 urgent head and neck cancer referrals were analysed, and 1.9 per cent of these had unilateral tonsillar enlargement and/or lesion. Only 10 patients were diagnosed with tonsil cancer. All the positive tonsil cancer cases had at least one additional head and neck red flag symptom.ConclusionThe referral criterion for unilateral tonsillar enlargement and/or lesion may be of limited benefit in an already economically challenged National Health Service. Further multicentre studies should be undertaken to refine conclusions on the value of unilateral tonsillar enlargement and/or lesion alone as a criterion for the head and neck cancer two-week wait pathway.
Ontogenetic and spatial variability in parasite communities of white shrimp Penaeus setiferus (Decapoda: Penaeidae)
Authors: Zuidema Sarah R. , de Buron Isaure , Kingsley-Smith Peter R. , Hill-Spanik Kristina M. , Fanani Natalia , Kendrick Michael R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the combined effects of multi-parasite infections on their hosts is necessary for documenting parasite impacts and is particularly important for developing effective management strategies for economically important organisms. The white shrimp Penaeus setiferus supports important recreational and commercial fisheries along the southeastern and Gulf coasts of the United States and occupies an important ecological niche in estuarine and offshore habitats throughout these regions. The goal of this study was to identify and assess ontogenetic and spatial variation in white shrimp parasite communities and their relation to shrimp health. We used a series of trawl surveys in tidal creek and open water habitats of an estuary in the southeastern USA to collect and identify parasites of white shrimp using morphological and DNA sequencing techniques. Parasite communities in white shrimp were composed of organisms belonging to 6 classes: Conoidasida (gregarines), Oligohymenophorea (apostome and sessilid ciliates), Microsporea (meiodihaplophasids), Chromadorea (rhabditids), Cestoda (cyclophyllideans, lecanocephalideans and trypanorhynchs) and Trematoda (plagiorchiids). Parasite communities differed significantly among white shrimp life stages and localities. Furthermore, the health condition known as black gill occurred in some shrimp and was significantly related to parasite community structure. Infection metrics for the apostome ciliate Hyalophysa lynni, the trypanorhynch larvae Prochristianella sp. and the rhabditid larvae Hysterothylacium sp. were significantly different between shrimp exhibiting and not exhibiting black gill. These results highlight the importance of understanding parasite communities and the potential interactive effects of multiple parasite infections on shrimp health.
Public policies and social progress: two evaluation models
Authors: Fernandes Reynaldo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe article presents two models of public policy evaluation: one named idealistic and the other named pragmatic. In the former, social progress occurs when changes in the form of how society is organised bring us closer to social institutions and public authority conduct considered ideal. In the latter, social progress occurs if the prevailing social state (postchanges) is taken to be better than the previous social state (prechanges), according to certain pre-established judgement criteria. It is argued that the adoption of different models is one of the main obstacles to clarity in the public debate on the implementation of public policies, namely, that of making the points of disagreement explicit. The article presents a defence of the pragmatic model, which is considered more compatible with the use of scientific criteria in order to assess the effectiveness of policies.
Real-world flexibility in adolescent girls’ emotion regulation strategy selection: An investigation of strategy switching
Authors: McKone Kirsten M.P. , Edershile Elizabeth A. , Ladouceur Cecile D. , Silk Jennifer S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAdolescence is an important stage for the development of emotion regulation skills, especially for adolescent girls who are at elevated risk for the development of depression and anxiety. Although some emotion regulation strategies are more effective at helping adolescents regulate negative affect on average, research indicates strategy effectiveness varies with the context in which a strategy is deployed. Yet less work has been done examining which contextual factors are associated with adolescents switching emotion regulation strategies in their daily lives. This study examined individual and contextual factors related to negative interpersonal events that are associated with strategy effectiveness, including age, emotional intensity, perceived controllability, and co-regulatory support, and their association with adolescent emotion regulation strategy switching in daily life via ecological momentary assessment. Results indicated that adolescent girls differed in the degree to which they altered their emotion regulation strategies throughout their daily lives, and that switching strategies was associated with age as well as individual and within-person differences in perceived controllability, emotional intensity, and co-regulatory support. This study provides critical proof-of-concept of the utility of emotion regulation strategy switching as a measure of regulatory flexibility and highlights regulatory processes that may hold clues to the mechanisms of developmental psychopathology.
Why does children’s temperamental exuberance increase their vulnerability to externalizing symptoms? A process-oriented approach
Authors: Davies Patrick T. , Cao Vanessa T. , Patel Meera D. , Sturge-Apple Melissa L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study examined children’s exposure to family adversity, hostile reactivity to parental conflict, and negative family representations as mediators of the prospective relation between their temperamental exuberance and externalizing symptoms. Participants included 243 preschool children (Mage = 4.60 years; 56% girls) and parents (48% Black; 16% Latinx) in a multi-method and multi-informant study with three annual measurement occasions. Structural equation model results specifically supported children’s hostile reactivity to parental conflict and negative family representations as mediators. Exuberance predicted residualized increases in children’s hostile reactivity and negative family representations over a 1-year period. In turn, children’s hostile reactivity and negative family representations predicted their greater externalizing symptoms 1 year later after controlling for prior externalizing symptoms. Results are discussed in the context of their relation and refinement of temperamental models of developmental psychopathology.
Princely urbanism and the colonial city: Bombay, c. 1860–1940s
Authors: Boehme Kate 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo this point, nineteenth-century Bombay – including its urban development, economy and population – has most often been analysed in relation to the city's position within British imperial, and overseas maritime, networks. In contrast, this article calls into question established scholarly definitions of ‘colonial’ and ‘princely’ spaces in nineteenth- and early twentieth-century India, through an in-depth examination of Bombay's socio-economic ties with wider Indian networks. It focuses on connections that stretched across colonial borders and into the princely states, suggesting that both the city's economy and its business elite were rooted in cross-border Indian capital networks. It further highlights the contributions of Indian princes, their states and populations to the development of urban culture in Bombay.
Chylous pericardial effusion with cardiac tamponade in a child treated with imatinib
Authors: Donovan Denis J. , Siskind Tamar , Thanjan Maria T. , Holzer Ralf J. , Dayton Jeffrey D. , Carroll Sheila J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractChylous pericardial effusions are extremely rare outside of thoracic and cardiac surgery patients. We report the case of an 8-year-old girl with history of recurrent benign giant cell granulomas who developed a large chylous pericardial effusion with cardiac tamponade soon after beginning therapy with imatinib. In this article, we discuss the presentation, diagnosis, and management and review the published literature of this rarely reported side effect of this medication.
Phenotype-based screening rediscovered benzopyran-embedded microtubule inhibitors as anti-neuroinflammatory agents by modulating the tubulin–p65 interaction
Authors: Yim Junhyeong , Lee Jaeseok , Yi Sihyeong , Koo Ja Young , Oh Sangmi , Park Hankum , Kim Seong Soon , Bae Myung Ae , Park Jongmin , Park Seung Bum 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNeuroinflammation is one of the critical processes implicated in central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Therefore, alleviating neuroinflammation has been highlighted as a therapeutic strategy for treating CNS disorders. However, the complexity of neuroinflammatory processes and poor drug transport to the brain are considerable hurdles to the efficient control of neuroinflammation using small-molecule therapeutics. Thus, there is a significant demand for new chemical entities (NCEs) targeting neuroinflammation. Herein, we rediscovered benzopyran-embedded tubulin inhibitor 1 as an anti-neuroinflammatory agent via phenotype-based screening. A competitive photoaffinity labeling study revealed that compound 1 binds to tubulin at the colchicine-binding site. Structure–activity relationship analysis of 1’s analogs identified SB26019 as a lead compound with enhanced anti-neuroinflammatory efficacy. Mechanistic studies revealed that upregulation of the tubulin monomer was critical for the anti-neuroinflammatory activity of SB26019. We serendipitously found that the tubulin monomer recruits p65, inhibiting its translocation from the cytosol to the nucleus and blocking NF-κB-mediated inflammatory pathways. Further in vivo validation using a neuroinflammation mouse model demonstrated that SB26019 suppressed microglial activation by downregulating lba-1 and proinflammatory cytokines. Intraperitoneal administration of SB26019 showed its therapeutic potential as an NCE for successful anti-neuroinflammatory regulation. Along with the recent growing demands on tubulin modulators for treating various inflammatory diseases, our results suggest that colchicine-binding site-specific modulation of tubulins can be a potential strategy for preventing neuroinflammation and treating CNS diseases.
Effect of chromatin modifiers on the plasticity and immunogenicity of small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Kirk Nicole A. , Kim Kee-Beom , Park Kwon-Sik 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTumor suppressor genes (TSGs) are often involved in maintaining homeostasis. Loss of tumor suppressor functions causes cellular plasticity that drives numerous types of cancer, including small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), an aggressive type of lung cancer. SCLC is largely driven by numerous loss-of-function mutations in TSGs, often in those encoding chromatin modifiers. These mutations present a therapeutic challenge because they are not directly actionable. Alternatively, understanding the resulting molecular changes may provide insight into tumor intervention strategies. We hypothesize that despite the heterogeneous genomic landscape in SCLC, the impacts of mutations in patient tumors are related to a few important pathways causing malignancy. Specifically, alterations in chromatin modifiers result in transcriptional dysregulation, driving mutant cells toward a highly plastic state that renders them immune evasive and highly metastatic. This review will highlight studies in which imbalance of chromatin modifiers with opposing functions led to loss of immune recognition markers, effectively masking tumor cells from the immune system. This review also discusses the role of chromatin modifiers in maintaining neuroendocrine characteristics and the role of aberrant transcriptional control in promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition during tumor development and progression. While these pathways are thought to be disparate, we highlight that the pathways often share molecular drivers and mediators. Understanding the relationships among frequently altered chromatin modifiers will provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of SCLC development and progression and therefore may reveal preventive and therapeutic vulnerabilities of SCLC and other cancers with similar mutations.
Structural mechanism of signal transduction in a phytochrome histidine kinase
Authors: Wahlgren Weixiao Yuan , Claesson Elin , Tuure Iida , Trillo-Muyo Sergio , Bódizs Szabolcs , Ihalainen Janne A. , Takala Heikki , Westenhoff Sebastian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPhytochrome proteins detect red/far-red light to guide the growth, motion, development and reproduction in plants, fungi, and bacteria. Bacterial phytochromes commonly function as an entrance signal in two-component sensory systems. Despite the availability of three-dimensional structures of phytochromes and other two-component proteins, the conformational changes, which lead to activation of the protein, are not understood. We reveal cryo electron microscopy structures of the complete phytochrome from Deinoccocus radiodurans in its resting and photoactivated states at 3.6 Å and 3.5 Å resolution, respectively. Upon photoactivation, the photosensory core module hardly changes its tertiary domain arrangement, but the connector helices between the photosensory and the histidine kinase modules open up like a zipper, causing asymmetry and disorder in the effector domains. The structures provide a framework for atom-scale understanding of signaling in phytochromes, visualize allosteric communication over several nanometers, and suggest that disorder in the dimeric arrangement of the effector domains is important for phosphatase activity in a two-component system. The results have implications for the development of optogenetic applications.
Bioenergetic control of soil carbon dynamics across depth
Authors: Henneron Ludovic , Balesdent Jerôme , Alvarez Gaël , Barré Pierre , Baudin François , Basile-Doelsch Isabelle , Cécillon Lauric , Fernandez-Martinez Alejandro , Hatté Christine , Fontaine Sébastien 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSoil carbon dynamics is strongly controlled by depth globally, with increasingly slow dynamics found at depth. The mechanistic basis remains however controversial, limiting our ability to predict carbon cycle-climate feedbacks. Here we combine radiocarbon and thermal analyses with long-term incubations in absence/presence of continuously13C/14C-labelled plants to show that bioenergetic constraints of decomposers consistently drive the depth-dependency of soil carbon dynamics over a range of mineral reactivity contexts. The slow dynamics of subsoil carbon is tightly related to both its low energy density and high activation energy of decomposition, leading to an unfavourable ‘return-on-energy-investment’ for decomposers. We also observe strong acceleration of millennia-old subsoil carbon decomposition induced by roots (‘rhizosphere priming’), showing that sufficient supply of energy by roots is able to alleviate the strong energy limitation of decomposition. These findings demonstrate that subsoil carbon persistence results from its poor energy quality together with the lack of energy supply by roots due to their low density at depth.
Ocular tropism of SARS-CoV-2 in animal models with retinal inflammation via neuronal invasion following intranasal inoculation
Authors: Jeong Gi Uk , Kwon Hyung-Jun , Ng Wern Hann , Liu Xiang , Moon Hyun Woo , Yoon Gun Young , Shin Hye Jin , Lee In-Chul , Ling Zheng Lung , Spiteri Alanna G. , King Nicholas J. C. , Taylor Adam , Chae Ji Soo , Kim Chonsaeng , Ahn Dae-Gyun , Kim Kyun-Do , Ryu Young Bae , Kim Seong-Jun , Mahalingam Suresh , Kwon Young-Chan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAlthough ocular manifestations are reported in patients with COVID-19, consensus on ocular tropism of SARS-CoV-2 is lacking. Here, we infect K18-hACE2 transgenic mice with SARS-CoV-2 using various routes. We observe ocular manifestation and retinal inflammation with production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the eyes of intranasally (IN)-infected mice. Intratracheal (IT) infection results in dissemination of the virus from the lungs to the brain and eyes via trigeminal and optic nerves. Ocular and neuronal invasions are confirmed using intracerebral (IC) infection. Notably, the eye-dropped (ED) virus does not cause lung infection and becomes undetectable with time. Ocular and neurotropic distribution of the virus in vivo is evident in fluorescence imaging with an infectious clone of SARS-CoV-2-mCherry. The ocular tropic and neuroinvasive characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 are confirmed in wild-type Syrian hamsters. Our data can improve the understanding regarding viral transmission and clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and help in improving COVID-19 control procedures.
Deep transfer learning enables lesion tracing of circulating tumor cells
Authors: Guo Xiaoxu , Lin Fanghe , Yi Chuanyou , Song Juan , Sun Di , Lin Li , Zhong Zhixing , Wu Zhaorun , Wang Xiaoyu , Zhang Yingkun , Li Jin , Zhang Huimin , Liu Feng , Yang Chaoyong , Song Jia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLiquid biopsy offers great promise for noninvasive cancer diagnostics, while the lack of adequate target characterization and analysis hinders its wide application. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a powerful technology for cell characterization. Integrating scRNA-seq into a CTC-focused liquid biopsy study can perhaps classify CTCs by their original lesions. However, the lack of CTC scRNA-seq data accumulation and prior knowledge hinders further development. Therefore, we design CTC-Tracer, a transfer learning-based algorithm, to correct the distributional shift between primary cancer cells and CTCs to transfer lesion labels from the primary cancer cell atlas to CTCs. The robustness and accuracy of CTC-Tracer are validated by 8 individual standard datasets. We apply CTC-Tracer on a complex dataset consisting of RNA-seq profiles of single CTCs, CTC clusters from a BRCA patient, and two xenografts, and demonstrate that CTC-Tracer has potential in knowledge transfer between different types of RNA-seq data of lesions and CTCs.