bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Split Lexical Insertion in Parasitic Gap Constructions*
Authors: Agbayani Brian , Ochi Masao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe propose to extend the feature movement theory (Chomsky 1995; Ochi 1999; Lasnik 1999, 2001; Agbayani 1998, 2000, 2006; Agbayani & Ochi 2006) by claiming that the separation of formal features (FF) from the rest of a lexical item occurs not only in syntactic movement but also in the course of lexical insertion. Applying this hypothesis to Parasitic Gap constructions, we argue that the FF and the rest of the lexical item are merged into the Parasitic Gap site and the real gap site, respectively. The split lexical insertion model straightforwardly accounts for the major properties of these constructions without appealing to sideward movement (Nunes 2001, 2004) or to additional assumptions about the featural content of the split portions of the lexical item under fission (Assmann 2012/Himmelreich 2017). An interesting result of this proposal is that it places parasitic gap constructions under a general theory of movement and lexical insertion.
Humeral condylar fractures and fissures in the French bulldog
Authors: Anderson Oliver J. , Langley‐Hobbs Sorrel J. , Parsons Kevin J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo report the configuration, risk factors, fixation methods and complication rates after repair of humeral condylar fractures (HCF) in French bulldogs, and report the presence of humeral intracondylar fissures (HIF) in this population as a possible predisposing factor.Study designRetrospective clinical cohort study.Sample populationForty‐four elbows.MethodsThe medical records of dogs referred between January 2012 and December 2021 were searched for French bulldogs presenting with HCF. Signalment, fracture configuration, stabilization method and complication occurrence were obtained. Postoperative radiographs were assessed for implant positioning, and computed tomography (CT) scans were assessed for the presence and size of HIF in the contralateral elbow.ResultsLateral humeral condylar fractures represented 28/44 (63.6%) of HCF in French bulldogs. Repair with a transcondylar screw (TCS) and Kirschner‐wire(s) (K‐wire) were 7.62 times more likely to result in a major complication (95% CI: 1.43, 21.89; p = .01) compared to other methods. All incidences (7/7) of TCS migration were within the TCS + K‐wire group. A HIF was identified in 18/31 (58.1%) dogs. Older animals were not significantly less likely to have a HIF than younger animals (p = .129).ConclusionsFracture stabilization with a TCS and K‐wire(s) was associated with an increased risk of major complications and migration of the TCS. A HIF was present in the contralateral elbow of over half of the French bulldogs where CT was available.Clinical significanceA HIF may be a predisposing factor of HCF in French bulldogs. Alternative methods of stabilization to a TCS and K‐wire(s) should be used to reduce complication risk.
Beta inputs to motor neurons do not directly contribute to volitional force modulation
Authors: Zicher Blanka , Ibáñez Jaime , Farina Dario 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNeural oscillatory activity in the beta band (13–30 Hz) is prominent in the brain and it is transmitted partly linearly to the spinal cord and muscles. Multiple views on the functional relevance of beta activity in the motor system have been proposed. Previous simulation work suggested that pools of spinal motoneurons (MNs) receiving a common beta input could demodulate this activity, transforming it into low‐frequency neural drive that could alter force production in muscles. This may suggest that common beta inputs to muscles have a direct role in force modulation. Here we report the experimental average levels and ranges of common beta activity in spinal MNs projecting to single muscles and use a computational model of a MN pool to test if the experimentally observed beta levels in MNs can influence force. When beta was modelled as a continuous activity, the amplitude needed to produce non‐negligible changes in force corresponded to beta representation in the MN pool that was far above the experimental observations. On the other hand, when beta activity was modelled as short‐lived events (i.e. bursts of beta activity separated by intervals without beta oscillations), this activity approximated levels that could cause small changes in force with estimated average common beta inputs to the MNs compatible with the experimental observations. Nonetheless, bursting beta is unlikely to be used for force control due to the temporal sparsity of this activity. It is therefore concluded that beta oscillations are unlikely to contribute to the voluntary modulation of force.
imageKey points
It has been previously proposed that beta (13–30 Hz) common inputs to a motor neuron pool may have a non‐linear effect in voluntary force control.
The needed strength of beta oscillations to modulate forces has not been analysed yet.
Based on computer simulations, we show that sustained beta inputs to a spinal motoneuron pool at physiologically reported levels have minimal effect on force.
Levels of sustained beta rhythmic activity that can cause a significant change in force are not compatible with experimental observations of intramuscular coherence in human skeletal muscles.
The role of connection in the efficacy of animal-assisted therapies: A scoping review
Authors: Beggs Sharron , Townsend Rob 
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION: There is an undeniable connection between humans and animals, with the relationship between the two being well documented across the centuries of history and storytelling.METHODS: This article outlines a scoping review of the literature and research exploring the history, efficacy, and currency of animal assisted therapies (AATs) as they have developed in recent decades within human services and social work programmes.FINDINGS AND IMPLICATIONS: Archaeological research suggests a mutualistic relationship has existed between canines and humans dating back 140,000 years evolving to deepened connections between animals and behaviourally modern humans including 15,000 years of animal domestication. These connections have generated relationships where animals both work for and with humans, assuming diverse roles ranging from service animal to companion pet, from livestock to live entertainment, from symbolic idol to science experiment and, as demonstrated in this article, as co-therapist or therapeutic medium in psychotherapeutic, human services and social work practice processes.
Defining, teaching, and practising diversity: Another hegemonic discourse?
Authors: Beaumont Susan , Kelly Stephanie , Smith Lee 
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION: Respect for diversity is a primary principle of the social work profession; however, the term diversity has been critiqued as meaningless and is often linked with cultural competence. Gaps in terminology, education, and knowledge about how to practise diversity have been identified in health and social practice literature, while attempts to teach diversity have uncertain results. The research question guiding this master’s study was “What are the factors that inform Aotearoa social workers’ practice when engaging with diversity?”METHODOLOGY: Qualitative, semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of four practising social workers to explore what informed their diversity practice. An inductive thematic analysis of the interview data was undertaken. Numerous themes and sub-themes were identified and grouped into seven thematic categories.FINDINGS: For research participants, the term diversity exists only in the discursive; and it “gets in the way” of practice. While acknowledging the importance of education and practice with Te Tiriti, participants could not seem to connect this knowledge with diversity and associated practices. The authors suggest that the definition of diversity for the purposes of social work education and competency frameworks requires a more critical approach: its associations with power, and its tendency to describe and classify otherwise complex, fluid, contextual identities. Aotearoa New Zealand social work education must also engage in critical analysis of monocultural, hegemonic discourse and power relationships through te Tiriti frameworks to prepare all students for practice with diversity in a bicultural context.
Loneliness and boredom in residential care
Authors: Panthi Myunik 
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVES: Older adults are more likely to experience loneliness and boredom in residential care. The purpose of this study is to extend the understanding of experiences of older adults in residential care and identify factors that residents believe contribute to loneliness and boredom. In addition, I aim to identify strategies used to cope with these experiences and provide recommendations to enhance the quality of life in residential care.
METHODS: A phenomenological qualitative study was conducted through participant observation, in-depth interviews with 24 residents, and key informant interviews with 10 staff members.
RESULTS: The findings emphasise the pervasiveness of loneliness and boredom despite facilities’ efforts to provide activities and support. Staff and family support helped to alleviate loneliness and boredom and participants employed individual coping strategies.
DISCUSSION: Health professionals should recognise loneliness and boredom as issues in residential care and prioritise individual needs and preferences when designing activities.
Burden of atrial fibrillation among adults with heart failure in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Agbor Valirie Ndip , Tianyi Frank-Leonel , Aminde Leopold Ndemnge , Mbanga Clarence Mvalo , Petnga Saint Just N , Simo Larissa Pone , Dzudie Anastase , Chobufo Muchi Ditah , Noubiap Jean Jacques 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesThis study aimed to estimate the prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in adults with heart failure (HF) and summarise the all-cause mortality ratio among adult patients with coexisting HF and AF in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).SettingThis was a systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional and cohort studies with primary data on the prevalence and incidence of AF among patients with HF and the all-cause mortality ratio among patients with HF and AF in SSA. We combined text words and MeSH terms to search MEDLINE, PubMed and Global Health Library through Ovid SP, African Journals Online and African Index Medicus from database inception to 10 November 2021. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate pooled prevalence.Primary outcome measuresThe prevalence and incidence of AF among patients with HF, and the all-cause mortality ratio among patients with HF and AF.ResultsTwenty-seven of the 1902 records retrieved from database searches were included in the review, totalling 9987 patients with HF. The pooled prevalence of AF among patients with HF was 15.6% (95% CI 12.0% to 19.6%). At six months, the all-cause mortality was 18.4% (95% CI 13.1% to 23.6%) in a multinational registry and 67.7% (95% CI 51.1% to 74.3%) in one study in Tanzania. The one-year mortality was 48.6% (95% CI 32.5% to 64.7%) in a study in the Democratic Republic of Congo. We did not find any study reporting the incidence of AF in HF.ConclusionAF is common among patients with HF in SSA, and patients with AF and HF have poor survival. There is an urgent need for large-scale population-based prospective data to reliably estimate the prevalence, incidence and risk of mortality of AF among HF patients in SSA to better understand the burden of AF in patients with HF in the region.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018087564.
A Brain Network by Any Other Name
Authors: Uddin Lucina Q. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Network neuroscientists generally agree with Pessoa's contention that human brain function is context-dependent and interactionally complex, and that we should embrace brain networks as the functional units of interest. The more contentious issue for the field is how to define brain networks in ways that will facilitate further discovery. A group including members from the Organization for Human Brain Mapping is working toward cataloging best practices and providing concrete reporting guidelines for the scientific community.
The Dangers of Cortical Brain Maps
Authors: Hayden Benjamin Yost 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The parcellation of the primate cerebral cortex into numbered regions, based on cytoarchitecture, has greatly helped neuroscientists in our quest to understand how the brain implements cognition. Nonetheless, these maps provide an unnecessarily constraining view of how we should do functional neuroanatomy. It is time to think more broadly. Doing so will help advance the goal of incorporating ideas about emergentist organization and interactional complexity into neuroscience.
‘Fragile States’ in an Unequal World
Authors: de Siqueira Isabel Rocha 
Published: October 2022

This is a book about people. ‘Fragile States’ in an Unequal World: The Role of the g7+ in International Diplomacy and Development Cooperation introduces the members of the g7+, a group formed by 20 conflict-affected states: why they came to believe in politics and policy; how they feel about their work, their family and their communities; and what they want to leave behind for the next generations. It is the story of their personal and collective values, their mistakes, and the challenges they faced, and it will resonate with anyone who has tried to organize and work with a group of very different people.
This book is also a contribution for those seeking to influence international policy, especially from a disadvantageous position. It explores how to find your voice, use your survival skills, work with passion, decide how much to concede and act responsibly. Together, these lessons illuminate the paths that individual members have walked as they found their own voices, as well as how the g7+ fights to speak collectively. The book ends with a glimpse of the way forward, as Isabel Rocha de Siqueira encourages younger generations to engage with politics and policy generously, with hope for the future.
Combining literature and hard facts – along with other elements such as illustrations, cartoon strips and photographs to tell the previously untold stories of public servants in poor, conflict-affected countries, the book offers an original (and very human) micro and macro perspective on the politics of development. It will be of interest to professionals in major development organisations, students and professors in development courses, policymakers, public servants, civil society, activists working for major international NGOs, and journalists who report on the development industry, as well as those with a general interest in international development cooperation, international diplomacy and other related fields.
Tragus Perichondrium–Cartilage Island and Temporalis Muscle Fascia for Repairing Tympanic Membrane Perforation Under the Otoendoscope: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hu Yu-Qiang , Zou Ming-Zhen , Sun Hai , Ma Mei , An Jun , Chen Ran , Cheng Liang-Jun , Liu Bing 
Published: October 2022

Objective To compare the clinical effects of repairing tympanic membrane perforation (TMP) with the tragus perichondrium–cartilage island and temporalis muscle fascia (TMF) under the otoendoscope. Methods The clinical data of 84 patients (total 84 ears) with TMP repaired by otoendoscopy from March 2019 to April 2021 were analyzed. The patients were randomly divided into the control group (n = 42, TMF repair) and the experimental group (n = 42, perichondrium–cartilage island repair). The intraoperative blood loss, operation time, length of hospital stay, success rate of the TMP repair, mean air-conducted sound, and air–bone gap before and after surgery were compared between the two groups. Results The mean air–bone gap and mean air-conducted hearing threshold in the experimental group were significantly lower after surgery at all frequencies than those of the control group (all P < .05). The reduction of the mean air-conducted hearing threshold in the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P < .001). The surgery time of the experimental group was significantly shorter than the control group (78.04 ± 2.23 vs. 84.27 ± 1.67 minutes, P < .001). The success rate of the TMP repair was 95.24% (40/42) in the experimental group and 92.86% (39/42) in the control group, indicating that there was no significant difference in the success rate of TMP repair between the two materials (risk ratio = 1.75; 95% confidence interval: .31-12.04; P = .71). Conclusion Repairs with the tragus perichondrium–cartilage island have a short operation time, high healing rate, and more significant postoperative hearing improvement, which makes it a more effective method of TMP repair.
MRI findings of iatrogenic extravasation of gadolinium-based contrast agents in patients with cancer
Authors: Hama Yukihiro , Tate Etsuko 
Published: October 2022

Background Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings after subcutaneous extravasation of gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) have not been investigated in detail. Purpose To present the MRI findings of iatrogenic extravasation and to evaluate the characteristic findings. Material and Methods In this retrospective study of 16,039 patients with cancer, 11 patients had significant extravasation of macrocyclic GBCA, and 7 of the 11 had MRI of the injection site. Characteristic MRI findings as well as symptoms and changes over time were evaluated. Results The forearms or antecubital fossa felt cold in all seven cases, and 3 (43%) patients felt pain at the injection sites. Fat-suppressed T1-weighted images showed a mosaic pattern of the extravasate with mixed high and low signal in the subcutaneous tissue in 7 (100%) cases. Contrast enhancement of the fascia toward the proximal portion was observed in 3 (43%) cases. There was no subfascial deep extension. On T2-weighted images, GBCAs were observed as low-signal fluid collection on the fascia, with linear spread to the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Four patients underwent daily MRI scans, all of whom had their contrast disappeared within three days. Conclusion Macrocyclic GBCA disappears from subcutaneous tissue quickly after extravasation and is unlikely to cause serious sequelae.
Blood phenotype O and indirect bilirubin are associated with lower, early COVID-19—related mortality: A retrospective study
Authors: Efat Alaa , Shoeib Sabry , ElKholy Ali , Hussein Aboelela Osama Saied , Elshamy Doaa 
Published: October 2022

Objectives To evaluate the ABO blood type and indirect bilirubin to predict early mortality in adults with severe COVID-19. Methods This retrospective observational study was conducted on 268 adult patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 who had attended the intensive care unit (ICU), Quena general hospital and Luxor International Hospital, and other hospitals or centers for the treatment of COVID-19, during the period from January 2021 till December 2021. Results Relation between mortality and ABO group were highly significant, as we found non-O blood group with more risk of early mortality and intensive care unit admission ICU. There were significant differences between dead and alive cases as regards platelets, white blood cells WBCs (neutrophil, lymphocyte), albumin, liver enzymes aspartate transeferase (AST), alanine transferase (ALT), total direct and indirect bilirubin, creatinine, and urea. Conclusion There was a highly significant relation between dead cases and ABO blood group as between the O and non-O groups; also, group O was associated with less severe manifestations and or ventilation and less mortality in patients with severe COVID-19 infection. Direct bilirubin >0.5 was found to be the best predictor for mortality in cases with COVID-19 so indirect bilirubin may be considered a good protector against complications of the infection.
Canadian Radiology Gender Pay Gap-Reality or Myth?
Authors: Yap Wan W. , Hodgson Carol S. , Spalluto Lucy , Lebel Kiana , Trop Isabelle , Hillier Elizabeth , Darras Kathryn , Hillier Tracey , Yong-Hing Charlotte J. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Prior studies on Canadian physicians’ income have demonstrated a gender pay gap (GPG); however, there is a paucity of data in the Radiology specialty. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine if practicing Canadian radiologists’ self-reported income is related to gender, controlling for demographic and work variables. Methods: English and French online surveys were distributed by email and social media to radiologists and trainees (May–July 2021). The association between Gender (controlling for Ethnicity variables, Region, having Children, Full-/Part-Time work, and Academic position) and Self-Reported Income was examined using chi-square tests. Pearson correlations examined relationships between opinion variables. Analyses were conducted using SPSS V28.0. A priori significance was P < .05. Study had ethics approval. Results: Four hundred and fifty-four practicing Canadian radiologists responded. Majority were women (51.2%, n = 227), a non-visible Minority (71.7%, n = 317), and from Western Provinces (67.8%, n = 308). Significant relationship was established between Self-Reported Income and Gender (χ2 = 10.44, df = 2, P < .05). More men (70.6%, n = 120) than women (56.4%, n = 110), reported income “greater than $500 000”; fewer men (20.6%, n = 35) than women (35.9%, n = 70) reported “$300 000-$500 000”; a similar percent of men (8.8%, n = 15) and women (7.7%, n = 15) reported “less than $300 000.” No relationship was found between self-reported income and gender for ethnicity variables, those without children, part-time, or non-academic radiologists. The opinion “Addressing the GPG is important” correlated to “Canadian Association of Radiologists should collect demographic data” (r = 0.63). Responses were low for ethnic minorities and non-western provinces. Conclusion: Our results suggest a GPG exists in Canadian radiology and is an important first step for future studies.
Adolescent displaced lateral-end clavicle fractures are not comparable to the adult variant. Epidemiology, fracture patterns and outcome of non-operative management
Authors: Baxendale-Smith LD , Teed R , Nicholson JA 
Published: October 2022

Background The primary aim of this study was to determine the epidemiology of lateral-end clavicle fractures in adolescents. The secondary aim was to assess the outcome following non-operative management. Methods A retrospective review of all adolescent clavicle fractures over a 10-year period was undertaken. Fracture classification, demographics, management, and complications were analysed. Functional outcomes were undertaken with the Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand and EuroQol five-dimension at mean 8.8 years post-injury. Results In total, 677 clavicle fractures were analysed, 8.7% were lateral-end fractures ( n = 59/677). The median age was 14.6 (range: 13–17) and 92% were male ( n = 54/59). The incidence was 0.17 per 100,000 per year. All displaced physeal fractures (Neer IV n = 14) were managed non-operatively and of the six followed-up, all united with good outcomes. The adult type displaced fracture (Neer II) occurred in fifteen fractures, five underwent operative fixation and ten were managed non-operatively with one subsequent nonunion ( n = 1/10). Those patients that underwent non-operative management (response n = 5/10, 50%) reported a median Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand of 2.3 but approximately 40% reported cosmetic and outcome dissatisfaction at long-term follow-up. Conclusion Displaced Neer II lateral-end clavicle fractures are rare in the adolescent population. Although nonunion is rare, some dissatisfaction with cosmesis persists at long-term follow-up despite good functional outcomes with non-operative management.