bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-performance Ba1−x
K
x
Fe2As2 superconducting joints for persistent current operation
Authors: Zhu Yanchang , Wang Dongliang , Wang Qiqi , Zhang Zhan , Guo Wenwen , Huang He , Ma Hongjun , Liu Fang , Liu Huajun , Ma Yanwei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
High-performance superconducting joints are the key to achieving persistent-mode magnets. Herein, the superconducting joints between Ba1−x
K
x
Fe2As2 (BaK-122) superconducting tapes were prepared by a simple cold-pressing method, and the joint resistance of the iron-based superconducting joint was estimated by field-decay method for the first time. Via the scanning electron microscope (SEM), electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and x-ray computed tomography (XCT) measurements, it is found that the joint sample CP80 shows fine performance. At 4.2 K and 10 T, a transport critical current I
c of 105 A for the joint sample CP80 was measured, and the critical current ratio (CCR = Ijoint c/Itape c) of the joint was 94.6%. On the other hand, the joints exhibit a pretty low joint resistance of 2.7 × 10−13 Ω in self-field at 4.2 K. Among iron-based superconductors, we are the first to estimate the accurate resistance of iron-based superconducting joint by the field-decay method. All these show the great prospective to apply BaK-122 in a series of practical applications that require superconducting joints as key components.
Order-of-magnitude beam current improvement in compact cyclotrons
Authors: Winklehner Daniel , Conrad Janet M , Schoen Devin , Yampolskaya Maria , Adelmann Andreas , Mayani Sonali , Muralikrishnan Sriramkrishnan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
There is great need for high intensity proton beams from compact particle accelerators in particle physics, medical isotope production, and materials- and energy-research. To address this need, we present, for the first time, a design for a compact isochronous cyclotron that will be able to deliver 10 mA of 60 MeV protons—an order of magnitude higher than on-market compact cyclotrons and a factor four higher than research machines. A key breakthrough is that vortex motion is incorporated in the design of a cyclotron, leading to clean extraction. Beam losses on the septa of the electrostatic extraction channels stay below 120 W (40% below the required safety limit), while maintaining good beam quality. We present a set of highly accurate particle-in-cell simulations, and an uncertainty quantification of select beam input parameters using machine learning, showing the robustness of the design. This design can be utilized for beams for experiments in particle and nuclear physics, materials science and medical physics as well as for industrial applications.
Time-dependent POVM reconstruction for single-photon avalanche photo diodes using adaptive regularization
Authors: Fitzke Erik , Krebs Robin , Haase Thorsten , Mengler Max , Alber Gernot , Walther T 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We report on the first realization of time-dependent quantum detector tomography for commercially available InGaAs avalanche photo detectors. For the construction of appropriate time-dependent POVMs from experimentally measured data, we introduce a novel scheme to calculate the weight of the regularization term based on the amount of measured data. We compare our POVM-based results with the theoretical predictions of the previously developed model by Gouzien et al.. In contrast to our measurement-based construction of a time-dependent POVM for photon detectors, this previous investigation extends a time-independent POVM to a time-dependent one by including effects of detector timing jitter and dead time on the basis of particular model assumptions concerning the inner physical mechanisms of a photon detector. Our experimental results demonstrate that this latter approach is not sufficient to completely describe the observable properties of our InGaAs avalanche photo detectors. Thus, constructing the time-dependent POVM of a detector by direct quantum tomographic measurements can reveal information about the detector's interior that may not easily be included in time-independent POVMs by a priori model assumptions.
All fiber structured supercontinuum source based on graded-index multimode fiber
Authors: Zhang Ting , Zhang Wei , Hu Xiaohong , Pan Ran , Wang Zhenguang , Wang Hushan , Wang Yishan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We provide an all fiber spectrally flat supercontinuum (SC) source generated by pumping a 20 m graded-index multimode fiber (MMF). The fiber pigtails of the all-fiber pump pulse laser and the MMF fused with a special method. After measuring the spectrum and the power, the output power extending from the visible to the mid-infrared is 2 W. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first watt-class and spectrally flat all fiber structured SC source based on graded-index MMF. Finally, we studied the evolution of the SC with increasing output power, which permitted us to more clearly recognize the nonlinear phenomena in the generation of the SC.
Synthesis BaFe12O19 based on natural iron sand with Cu and Ni doping using coprecipitation method
Authors: Elinda B U P , Susilawati  , Kosim  , Doyan A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Synthesis of BaFe12O19 based on natural iron sand with Cu and Ni doping using the coprecipitation method has been done. This research was conductedat the Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Mataram University. The synthesis was carried out through the variation of doping ions and calcination temperature. The concentration of doping ion used is x = 0.0; 0.4; 0.8; and 1.0 with variations in calcination temperature of 200, 600, and 1000 0C. The materials used are BaCO3, Fe3O4, CuSO4, and NiCl2.6H2O powder. This synthesis process aims to obtain BaFe12-2xCuxNixO19 powder that will later be used as a microwave absorbent material. To obtain sample powder of BaFe12-2xCuxNixO19, thisresearch is carried out through three stages: natural sand separation, magnetic minerals separation, and synthesisand calcination. The separation is to attach magnetic materials from the sand using a permanent magnet. After that, the magnetic mineral is detached from the separated sand to obtain Fe3O4 powder, which will later be used for synthesis. The results of synthesis and calcination showed that the more doping ions applied, the more concentrated the resulting powder. Similarly, according to the temperature variation, the higher the temperature, the more black the sample powder is.
PIMCA: A New Alternatives to Physics Learning Model
Authors: Poluakan C , Katuuk D 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The general development of knowledge in physics particulary, requires the ability to understand the right and obey the principles. This study purposed to carried out the use of learning models to ensure a quality learning process with the right concepts and avoid misconceptions. The learning model is also adaptive to the 4.0 era demands and the special situation of the pandemic era. The learning model is PIMCA (presentation-idea mapping-conceptualization-assessment formative). The PIMCA learning model is based on the main theories of educational psychology, such as behavioristic, cognitive, constructivist, and humanistic. It was conducted to students in the physics education department at Manado State University, used experimental study in various fields of physics studies such as waves, optics, electricity, and magnetism, it was found that the average achievement of learning progress from the pre-test and post-test was 73.14%. Likewise, in terms of conceptual understanding of physics, namely from idea maps and concept maps, an average increase of up to 84% is obtained. The major findings of this study indicate that the PIMCA learning model can be effectively used as an alternative in learning physics. Study using PIMCA learning models needs to be continued to be applied to the learning of physics in the field of mechanics and modern physics, as well as in the learning of mathematics, science, including biology-chemistry-geology and astronomy, and engineering.
Electrical impedance analysis of NaCl and CaCl2 solutions based on equivalent electric circuit
Authors: Rahmawati E , Santoso D R , Noor J A F , Nadhir A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we report the behaviour of electrical impedance of sodium chloride (NaCl) and Calcium chloride (CaCl2) with the concentration of 1.25 to 100 mM/L in frequencies ranging from 10 mHz to 1 MHz. The complex electrical impedance (real and imaginary parts) is obtained using the electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique. The experimental data had been fitted with three models of equivalent electrical circuit (EEC), model-a is Randles circuit, model-b consist of R solution (Rs) in series with constant phase element (CPE) and model-c consist of Randles circuit in series with CPE. Best fit data is obtained from model-c with goodness of fit less than 0.005. The CPE in this circuit associated with the electric double-layer. As expected from the experimental and fitting spectra, even for a low concentration for both salts, an inverse relationship was observed between impedance and salt concentration. The number of ions contains in CaCl2, which are more than NaCl is estimated to be the cause that CaCl2 impedance is lower than NaCl. The total impedance influenced by the CPE component increased significantly at frequencies about 100 Hz, indicating that the equivalent electric circuit used can estimate the effect of double-layer on the measurement.
Designing and constructing mini refrigerator with thermoelectric module
Authors: Tamami F , Doyan A , Susilawati  , Hikmawati  , Ayub S , Azhar  , Hudha L S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Cooling Engine is one application of the laws of thermodynamics. Cooling machines such as refrigerators are a necessity for everyone. Thermoelectric which has a Peltier effect can be used as an electronic component to cool objects. This research is an experimental research and the object of research is a mini-size refrigerator with thermoelectric. The purpose of this research is to analyse the performance coefficient of the mini refrigerator that has been made. The research method used is a literature study and data are taken by measuring the temperature produced from the refrigerator. The results obtained from this study are that the refrigerator can reduce the system room temperature from 28.5 °C to 13.6 13 within 10 minutes. In the next experiment with a time of one hour, the temperature in the system room was lowered to 7.7 °C. After measuring the outside temperature in the container (reservoir) and inside the refrigerator, the coefficient of performance is 0.3. The coefficient number is relatively low, because the higher the number obtained, the more efficient the refrigerator is made.
Digital calorimeter for measuring the specific heat of liquids
Authors: Azhar  , Melita A S , Doyan A , Susilawati  , Ayub S , Hudha L S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The purpose of developing this digital calorimeter is to make a temperature measuring device using Arduino Uno that can be used for physics practicum at the Physics Laboratory of the University of Mataram. This tool is designed according to the function of the calorimeter. Calorimeter is a tool used to determine the heat capacity, specific heat capacity, and latent heat capacity of an object or material. In making this digital calorimeter, the ds18b20 sensor is used to measure the temperature of the liquid, when the sensor is inserted into the calorimeter, it will be able to read the temperature rise that occurs in it. The graph is obtained from the relationship between time (t) and heat energy (Q), it can be seen that the longer the liquid is given electrical energy, the higher the heat generated.
The effectiveness of exposure to magnetic fields of extremely low frequency 300T and 500T in inhibiting the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria to increase physical resistance of vannamei shrimp
Authors: Sudarti  , Qumairoh U , Prihandono T 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Vannamei shrimp is a type of fish that rots easily, only able to survive about 6 hours at room temperature. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of exposure to an Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) magnetic field with an intensity of 300 T and 500 T in inhibiting the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria to increase the physical resistance of white vaname shrimp. The research design used a completely randomized design and was carried out at the Physics Laboratory of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Jember. The Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) magnetic field in this study is a component of the ELF electromagnetic wave generated by the Current Transformer by minimizing the exposure to the ELF electric field to about 30 V/m. The study sample was 210 fresh vaname shrimp and divided into 7 treatment groups, namely the control group (K), the group exposed to the ELF magnetic field intensity of 300 T for 60 minutes (E-300.60’), 90 minutes (E-300.90’), 120 minutes (E-300.120’), and the group exposed to an ELF magnetic field of 500 T intensity for 60 minutes (E-500.60’), 90 minutes (E-500.90’), 120 minutes (E-500,120’). As an indicator of vaname shrimp resistance at room temperature is the population of pathogenic bacteria, color, aroma, texture, mucus, and pH. The research data were analyzed using One Way Anova analysis. The results showed that the population of Salmonella bacteria was significantly lower than the control in the vannamei shrimp sample exposed to an ELF magnetic field of 500 T, but the population of E.Coli bacteria increased significantly in the vannamei shrimp sample exposed to an ELF magnetic field of 300 T and 500 T compared to control. Naturally, vaname shrimp stored at room temperature showed the appearance of the shrimp getting paler, and the texture getting softer, smelling rotten and slimy after the 6th hour. However, the color, smell, and texture of shrimp exposed to an ELF magnetic field of 500 T intensity for 120 minutes were able to survive at a score of 8 at the 5th hour observation and 7th at the 10th hour observation. Conclusion: Exposure to an ELF magnetic field with an intensity of 500 T was effective in suppressing the proliferation of salmonella Sp bacteria but was less effective in suppressing the proliferation of E.Coli bacteria. This condition affects the physical condition of white shrimp until it lasts at the 10th hour. The results of this study serve as the basis for developing food security technology by the ELF magnetic field.
CIPP vs kirkpatrick in the evaluation of physics teacher competency development programs: literature study
Authors: Muqorobin  , Komarudin  , Badrujaman A , Arthur R , Prayogi S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study aims to systematically review and analyze the results of research on CIPP and kirkpatrick models in the evaluation of phisycs teacher competency development programs. This literature review is specifically intended to determine the advantages and disadvantages of both evaluation models in the implementation of program evaluation. The research method uses systematic studies through four stages, namely; identification, selection, feasibility and inclusion. Search articles using the Google Scholar, ERIC, Sciencedirect and SpringerLink databases. Based on the results of the study found 1115 research articles that discuss the use of CIPP and Kirkpatrick models in the evaluation of competency development programs. The articles are mostly published in the form of proceedings and international journals and research comes from several countries. The final results showed there were 18 studies discussing the use of CIPP and Kirkpatrick models to evaluate competency development and training programs. Recommendations of the results of the study, in order to be able to combine two models namely CIPP and Kirkpatrick as an alternative evaluation model, the goal is to get an overview of the results of the evaluation of phisycs teacher competency development programs more comprehensively especially in the program that contains training components.
Flipped classroom using e-module to improve understanding of light concepts: needs analysis of e-module development to empower scientific explanation
Authors: Cari  , Nasir M , Sunarno W , Rahmawati F 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the flipped classroom using e- module to improve understanding of the light concept, analyze the trend of increasing student concept understanding, and analyze the weaknesses of e-module instructional activities. This research method is the concurrent embedded mix method. The research design is a one-group pretest-posttest design. The subjects involved 22 students of IAIN Palangka Raya and Hamzanwadi Selong University. The sample was selected by cluster random sampling. Quantitative data were collected using a two-tier test. Qualitative data were collected through interviews and observations. Quantitative data analysis technique using t-test. Qualitative data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The results showed that: 1) There was a significant increase in student’s conceptual understanding after the implementation of the flipped classroom using e-module, 2) The trend of increasing concept understanding in the low category was 18%, the medium category was 68%, and 14% in the high category, and 3) The weakness of this e-module is that there are no hand-on and scaffolding-oriented instructional activities to empower explanations. scientific in elaborating concepts.
Usage of e-portfolio as an assessment tool in physics learning
Authors: Sarwandi  , Wibawa Basuki , Wibawa Redisa 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
An e-portfolio is a digital data collection of trainees that can advance learning by providing a way to organize, archive, and display individual or group work. The purpose of writing this article is to explain the use of e-portfolios as an assessment tool in training activities. E-portfolio as an assessment tool is more effective than standardized assessment tests which are many and complex because they facilitate the learning process and assessment. The method used is a literature study. As a result, the e-portfolio assessment using the LMS device was used as a learning medium, especially to store all of the participants’ learning activities during the training. E-portfolio assessment can support the learning process well, because it can assess the data collection of the work of trainees during the training process, both cognitive, affective and psychomotor assessments.
Impact of The STEM approach with formative assessment in PjBL on students’ critical thinking skills
Authors: Parno  , Nur’aini D A , Kusairi S , Ali M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Critical thinking skills (CTS) are skills that need to be developed in the 21st century. However, building students’ CTS through a STEM approach with formative assessment in project-based learning (PjBL-STEM-AF) is rarely done. This study aims to investigate the impact of STEM-AF in PjBL in constructing students’ CTS in the topic of fluid statics. This study used a quasy experiment with a pretest-posttest control group design with students of class XI in Malang, Indonesia, as subjects. PjBL-STEM-AF model and the PjBL model was applied to the Experimental and Comparison classes, respectively. Students made two projects, namely a pressure element HARTL and a simple boat project. The research instrument was 9 essay items of critical thinking skills test with a reliability of 0.625. The data were analyzed by t-test, N-gain, and d-effect size. The results showed that the CTS in the Experimental class with a mean of 65.19 and an increase of 0.52 (medium) was significantly higher than the comparison class with 52.36 and 0.35 (medium). Experimental class’ students have different levels of improvement on the likelihood and uncertainty analysis indicator. However, the two classes had almost the same increase in the indicator of problem-solving and decision-making, and an increase in the low category on the hypothesis testing indicator. The value of effect size at 1.13 (Very Large category) suggests that PjBL-STEM-AF learning should be done more frequently in the field. The Experimental class students gave a more positive learning response than the Comparison class. It is recommended in future studies to add an “Art” aspect to the STEM approach to develop students’ CTS further.
The influence of causalitic-learning model on problem-solving ability in terms of students’ mastery of physics concepts
Authors: Rokhmat J , Hikmawati  , Kosim  , Wahyudi  , Sari Y 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effects of (a) the causalitic-learning Model (CLM) on (a) Problem-solving Abilities (PSA), (b) mastery of physics-concepts on PSA, and (c) the interaction between CLM and mastery physics-concepts on PSA. This research is a quasi- experimental design with an untreated control group design with a pre-test and post-test. The population is all students of class X Public Senior High School (PSHS) 1 Narmada, amounting to 396 people. Samples were taken using cluster random sampling technique and obtained students class X-1 as the experimental class (14 men and 16 women) and X-2 as the control class (9 men and 21 women). The data were collected using a PSA test and analyzed using parametric statistics two-way ANOVA test. With a significance of 0.05 and the criteria if the sig value <0.05 then Ha is accepted, it found that: (a) CLM affects PSA (sig. score = 0.02), (b) mastery physics-concepts affect PSA (sig. score = 0.007), but (c) there is no interaction effect between CLM and mastery physics-concepts on PSA (sig. score = 0.740).
Design and Development of Virtual Simulation Teaching Resources of “Safe Electricity” Based on Unity3D
Authors: Zheng Qing-Sheng , Li Ke 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
While electricity brings convenience to people’s production and life, it also has certain hazards. It is imperative to popularize common sense of safe electricity use. For non-electrical majors, offering electrical and electronic technology courses is one of the ways. Electrical and electronic technology is a technical basic course with high practical requirements. It is mainly taught through a combination of theory and experiment. However, in actual teaching, there are still some teaching contents that are not experimental and experience teaching difficulties, which give teachers and students brings teaching problems. This article takes the teaching content of “Safe Electricity” as an example. Explain the design, development and application of virtual simulation teaching resources. Experimental research results show that virtual simulation teaching resources play a positive role in improving the shortcomings of traditional teaching, promoting students’ interest in learning, and improving learners’ learning effects.
Discrete Population Competition Model of Poisonous Weed Invasion and Spatial Distribution
Authors: Liu Hua , Li Yexuan , Wei Yumei , Ming MA , Ma Gang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Poisonous weeds invade ecosystems and compete with edible forage grassland, changing the population spatial distribution. In this paper, a discrete population competition model for the interaction between poisonous weeds and edible forage grass is established, and a diffusion coefficient to describe the invasion and diffusion effect of poisonous weeds is introduced. By using cellular automata methods, the influence of invasive diffusion of poisonous weeds on the spatial distribution of poisonous weed and edible forage populations is simulated. These findings indicated that the invasion of poisonous weeds affected the ecological distribution of grassland, and that the spatial distribution of poisonous weeds also changed from initial uniform distribution to aggregated distribution.