bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
K+ efflux through postsynaptic NMDA receptors suppresses local astrocytic glutamate uptake
Authors: Tyurikova Olga , Shih Pei‐Yu , Dembitskaya Yulia , Savtchenko Leonid P. , McHugh Thomas J. , Rusakov Dmitri A. , Semyanov Alexey 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGlutamatergic transmission prompts K+ efflux through postsynaptic NMDA receptors. The ensuing hotspot of extracellular K+ elevation depolarizes presynaptic terminal, boosting glutamate release, but whether this also affects glutamate uptake in local astroglia has remained an intriguing question. Here, we find that the pharmacological blockade, or conditional knockout, of postsynaptic NMDA receptors suppresses use‐dependent increase in the amplitude and duration of the astrocytic glutamate transporter current (IGluT), whereas blocking astrocytic K+ channels prevents the duration increase only. Glutamate spot‐uncaging reveals that astrocyte depolarization, rather than extracellular K+ rises per se, is required to reduce the amplitude and duration of IGluT. Biophysical simulations confirm that local transient elevations of extracellular K+ can inhibit local glutamate uptake in fine astrocytic processes. Optical glutamate sensor imaging and a two‐pathway test relate postsynaptic K+ efflux to enhanced extrasynaptic glutamate signaling. Thus, repetitive glutamatergic transmission triggers a feedback loop in which postsynaptic K+ efflux can transiently facilitate presynaptic release while reducing local glutamate uptake.
Prospective longitudinal study on fear of cancer recurrence in patients newly diagnosed with head and neck cancer: Course, trajectories, and associated factors
Authors: Deuning‐Smit Esther , Custers José A. E. , Miroševič Špela , Takes Robert P. , Jansen Femke , Langendijk Johannes A. , Terhaard Chris H. J. , Baatenburg de Jong Robert J. , Leemans C. René , Smit Johannes H. , Kwakkenbos Linda , Verdonck‐de Leeuw Irma M. , Prins Judith B. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study assessed the course of fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) in patients newly diagnosed with head and neck cancer (HNC), identified FCR trajectories and factors associated with FCR trajectories.MethodsSix hundred and seventeen HNC patients from the NET‐QUBIC cohort study completed the Cancer Worry Scale‐6 at diagnosis, 3 and 6 months post‐treatment. FCR trajectories were identified using Latent Class Growth Analysis. Associations were explored between FCR trajectories and baseline demographic and medical variables, coping and self‐efficacy.ResultsOverall, FCR decreased slightly between baseline and 3 months post‐treatment and remained stable up to 6 months. Two FCR trajectories were identified: “high stable” (n = 125) and “low declining” (n = 492). Patients with high stable FCR were younger, reported more negative adjustment, passive coping, and reassuring thoughts, and less avoidance.ConclusionsThe majority of HNC patients have low declining FCR after diagnosis, but one in five patients experience persistent high FCR up to 6 months post‐treatment.
Characteristics of MHD three‐dimensional flow of nanofluid over a permeable stretching porous sheet
Authors: Meruva Parvathi , Reddy Poli Chandra , Roja Parakapali , Leela Ratnam Appikatla 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe aim of the present work is to focus on heat and mass transfer characteristics of the magnetohydrodynamic three‐dimensional flow of nanofluid over a permeable stretching porous sheet. The significance of this study is the consideration of copper‐based and aluminum oxide‐based nanofluids. The physical parameters like a chemical reaction, Soret effect, radiation, and heat generation, and radiation absorption being involved in this examination are novel. The nonlinear partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations by adopting suitable similarity transformations. The numerical solutions are obtained by applying the Runge–Kutta method of fourth‐order with the Shooting technique using MATLAB. The results obtained are presented through graphs and tables for various parameters. A comparison with published results has been done to validate the methodology and found good coincidence. It is claimed that the increase in heat generation parameters results in increasing the temperature. With an increase in the Soret effect, the skin friction coefficient along x‐axis increases and skin friction coefficient along the y‐axis, Nusselt number and Sherwood number decrease.
Between financial and algorithmic dynamics of cryptocurrencies: An exploratory study
Authors: Schinckus Christophe , Nguyen Canh Phuc , Chong Felicia Hui Ling 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article aims at investigating the extent to which the algorithmic nature (i.e., mining process) of cryptocurrencies might influence their dynamics and interaction with some major economic indicators. Our study observes that proof‐of‐stake based cryptocurrencies are less correlated with other crypto‐assets offering more opportunities for diversifying portfolio strategy. We also observe a positive correlation between the proof‐of‐work based cryptocurrencies and the oil price. This article discusses these matters and suggests that the differences in cryptocurrencies' dynamics are more related to their service or purpose rather than their mining protocol. This claim contributes to the current debates on the intrinsic value of cryptocurrencies and it is illustrated with a discussion of the Stellar (XLM) and Ether (ETH) cases. Beyond our empirical results, our article suggests that, the liquidity and the returns dynamics of cryptocurrencies might be affected by two different aspects. Precisely, the former appears to be influenced by the economic service for which these cryptocurrencies are used, while cryptocurrencies' returns are more reactive to the way their cryptographic validation is operated. Our findings also suggest that an analysis through the economic service/purpose of cryptocurrencies is actually appropriate to understand their dynamics in relation to economic indicators. This perspective implicitly questions the monetary aspect often associated with cryptocurrencies and it calls for a more categorized research (by economic purpose) of cryptocurrencies whose potential intrinsic value would then be related to their economic purpose.
Fetal deaths in Brazil: What changed in the last decade and what can we learn from the current situation?
Authors: Brasileiro Mariana , Souza Renato T. , Griggio Thayna B , Vieira Matias C. , Oliveira Paulo F. , Silva Cleide M. , Dias Marcos A. B. , Pasupathy Dharmintra , Cecatti José G. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine fetal death rates (FDRs) according to maternal characteristics in Brazil.MethodsA serial cross‐sectional analysis was conducted based on vital statistics of the Brazilian population from 2007 to 2019. FDRs were estimated according to maternal and pregnancy characteristics. Annual percent change (APC) of FDR was assessed by joinpoint regression model. Causes of death were compared between the ante−/intrapartum periods.ResultsA significant reduction in FDR occurred in Brazil during 2007–2019 (11.1 and 10.43 in 2007 and 2019, respectively; APC –0.44). Only the northern region showed an increase in FDR. In 2019, the northeast and southeast had the highest and lowest FDRs, respectively (11.4 and 7.8/1000 live births). In adolescents, FDR increased from 2007 to 2016 (APC 1.75). In 2019, missing information was significantly high for maternal skin color (99.7%), schooling (17.0%), and age (7.0%) in fetal death registries. The most common causes of fetal death in the ante−/intrapartum periods were fetus and newborn affected by maternal conditions.ConclusionA reduction in FDR has been achieved in Brazil over the last decade. However, there is an unmet need for decreasing social and regional disparities. A better system to attribute causes of death is needed to identifying priorities in maternal‐fetal health care.
Therapeutic strategies against potential antibiofilm targets of multidrug‐resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Kaushik Vaishali , Tiwari Monalisa , Joshi Richa , Tiwari Vishvanath 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAcinetobacter baumannii is the causative agent of various hospital‐acquired infections. Biofilm formation is one of the various antimicrobial resistance (AMR) strategies and is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Hence, it is essential to review the potential antibiofilm targets in A. baumannii and come up with different strategies to combat these potential targets. This review covers different pathways involved in the regulation of biofilm formation in A. baumannii like quorum sensing (QS), cyclic‐di‐GMP signaling, two‐component system (TCS), outer‐membrane protein (ompA), and biofilm‐associated protein (BAP). A newly discovered mechanism of electrical signaling‐mediated biofilm formation and contact‐dependent biofilm modulation has also been discussed. As biofilm formation and its maintenance in A. baumannii is facilitated by these potential targets, the detailed study of these targets and pathways can bring light to different therapeutic strategies such as anti‐biofilm peptides, natural and synthetic molecule inhibitors, QS molecule degrading enzymes, and other strategies. These strategies may help in suppressing the lethality of biofilm‐mediated infections. Targeting essential proteins/targets which are crucial for biofilm formation and regulation may render new therapeutic strategies that can aid in combating biofilm, thus reducing the recalcitrant infections and morbidity associated with the biofilm of A. baumannii.
Medial Tibial Osteophyte Width Strongly Reflects Medial Meniscus Extrusion Distance and Medial Joint Space Width Moderately Reflects Cartilage Thickness in Knee Radiographs
Authors: Sekiya Ichiro , Sasaki Sho , Miura Yugo , Aoki Hayato , Katano Hisako , Okanouchi Noriya , Tomita Makoto , Masumoto Jun , Koga Hideyuki , Ozeki Nobutake 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundThe presence of medial tibial osteophytes on knee radiographs suggests cartilage wear, but may be associated with medial meniscus extrusion (MME). The joint space width of the medial compartment consists anatomically of cartilage and the medial meniscus, but which is most responsible for joint space narrowing remains unclear. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reveals MME and cartilage thickness.PurposesTo determine which radiographic medial tibial osteophyte width correlates better with cartilage thickness or MME distance and which radiographic medial joint space width correlates better with cartilage thickness or MME distance.Study TypeCross‐sectional.PopulationTotal of 527 subjects, 253 females and 274 males, aged 30–79 years, included in the Kanagawa Knee Study.Field Strength/Sequence3 T/fat‐suppressed spoiled gradient echo and proton density weighted.AssessmentThe medial tibial osteophyte width and “the minimum joint space width at the medial compartment” (mJSW) were measured from plain radiographs. The cartilage region was automatically extracted from MRI data using software. The medial femoral and tibial cartilage regions were each divided into nine subregions, and the average thickness of the cartilage was determined in each region and subregion. MME was manually measured by two orthopedic surgeons using MRI coronal section images.Statistical TestsPearson's correlation coefficient and their comparison, with P < 0.05 considered statistically significant.ResultsThe absolute values of the correlation coefficients were 0.33 at maximum between osteophyte width and cartilage thickness and 0.76 between osteophyte width and MME; the value was significantly higher with MME than with cartilage thickness (P < 0.001). The absolute values of the correlation coefficients were 0.50 at maximum between mJSW and cartilage thickness and 0.16 between mJSW and MME; the value was significantly higher with cartilage thickness than with MME (P < 0.001).Data ConclusionThe medial tibial osteophyte width strongly reflected MME and the medial joint space width moderately reflected cartilage thickness.Level of Evidence3Technical Efficacy Stage3
Target Selection for Magnetic Resonance‐Guided Focused Ultrasound in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Xiong Yongqin , Lin Jiaji , Lou Xin 
Published: January 2022

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common, progressive, and incurable neurodegenerative disease. Pharmacological treatment is the first‐line therapy for PD, including carbidopa–levodopa, dopamine agonists. However, some patients respond poorly to medication. For these patients, functional neurosurgical treatment is an important option. Magnetic resonance‐guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) is a novel, minimally invasive surgical option for patients refractory to drugs. Currently, several important anatomical structures can be targeted by MRgFUS in the treatment of PD. However, there is no uniform standard for target selection. This review summarizes the clinical studies on MRgFUS for PD, focusing on the relationship between different treatment targets and the relieved symptoms, to help clinicians determine the ideal therapeutic target for individual patients.Evidence Level5Technical EfficacyStage 4
Designed from Biobased Materials for Recycling: Imine‐Based Covalent Adaptable Networks
Authors: Liguori Anna , Hakkarainen Minna 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTurning thermosets into fully sustainable materials requires utilization of biobased raw materials and design for easy recyclability. Here, dynamic covalent chemistry for fabrication of covalent adaptable networks (CANs) could be an enabling tool. CAN thermosets ideally combine the positive material properties of thermosets with thermal recyclability of linear thermoplastics. Among the dynamic covalent bonds, imine bond, also called Schiff base, can participate in both dissociative and associative pathways. This induces potential for chemical recyclability, thermal reprocessability and self‐healing. This review presents an overview of the current research front of biobased thermosets fabricated by Schiff base chemistry. The discussed materials are categorized on the basis of the employed biobased components. The chemical approaches for the synthesis and curing of the resins, as well as the resulting properties and recyclability of the obtained thermosets are described and discussed. Finally, challenges and future perspectives are briefly summarized.
Exact reliability optimization for series‐parallel graphs using convex envelopes
Authors: Barrera Javiera , Moreno Eduardo , Muñoz Gonzalo , Romero Pablo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGiven its wide spectrum of applications, the classical problem of all‐terminal network reliability evaluation remains a highly relevant problem in network design. The associated optimization problem—to find a network with the best possible reliability under multiple constraints—presents an even more complex challenge, which has been addressed in the scientific literature but usually under strong assumptions over failures probabilities and/or the network topology. In this work, we propose a novel reliability optimization framework for network design with failures probabilities that are independent but not necessarily identical. We leverage the linear‐time evaluation procedure for network reliability in the series‐parallel graphs of Satyanarayana and Wood (1985) to formulate the reliability optimization problem as a mixed‐integer nonlinear optimization problem. To solve this nonconvex problem, we use classical convex envelopes of bilinear functions, introduce custom cutting planes, and propose a new family of convex envelopes for expressions that appear in the evaluation of network reliability. Furthermore, we exploit the refinements produced by spatial branch‐and‐bound to locally strengthen our convex relaxations. Our experiments show that, using our framework, one can efficiently obtain optimal solutions in challenging instances of this problem.
Risk factors for readmission in schizophrenia treated with combined psychoeducation and standard therapy
Authors: Sugisawa Satoru , Kurihara Tatsuya , Nakano Yukako , Tsuneoka Toshiaki , Koya Hiroaki , Nagai Tsutomu , Ikeda Tomohiro , Fujisawa Naoko , Inamoto Atsuko , Iwanami Akira 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe conducted a historical cohort study of patients with schizophrenia to identify more robust risk factors at discharge that contribute to readmission within a year.Methods and FindingsThe subjects underwent brief psychoeducation during hospitalization. Multivariate analysis was conducted using factors selected in the univariate analysis. Using logistic regression analysis, the number of hospital admissions (P = .01) and Schedule for Assessment of Insight Japanese version score (P = .04) were identified as risk factors for readmission, with odds ratios of 0.70 and 1.18, respectively.ConclusionsThese results suggest that improvement in insight and early intervention may lead to a more stable community life.
Identification of several eating habits that mediate the association between eating behaviors and the risk of obesity
Authors: Aymes Estelle , Lisembard Gabrielle , Dallongeville Jean , Rousseaux Julien , Dumont Marie‐Pierre , Amouyel Philippe , Romon Monique , Meirhaeghe Aline 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveEating behaviors play important roles in the development of obesity. A better knowledge of the psychological aspects of eating behaviors in individuals with and without obesity and their consequences on daily eating and lifestyle habits would be informative. The Three‐Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ)‐R21 assesses the psychometrics of eating behavior. The objectives of the study were to establish which eating habits were or were not associated with TFEQ eating behaviors, and to quantify the extent to which those eating habits mediated the association between TFEQ eating behaviors and obesity risk.MethodsData were obtained from the Gene and Environment Case‐Control Obesity Study from northern France. It included 2237 individuals with obesity and 403 individuals without obesity. Eating behaviors were assessed according to the TFEQ‐R21. Two activity levels (physical activity and television watching) and six eating habits (e.g., plate size, having one serving or at least two servings of the main meal, …) were evaluated. Regression and mediation analyses were performed.ResultsHigher cognitive restraint, higher uncontrolled eating (UE) and higher emotional eating (EE) were associated with a higher risk of obesity, independently of each other and of age, sex, socio‐economic status and physical activity. Cognitive restraint was negatively associated with having at least two servings, while UE and EE were associated with several obesogenic habits such as eating in front of the television or eating at night. Each of these obesogenic habits mediated between 3% and 20% of the association between UE or EE and obesity.ConclusionsPsychological eating behaviors were associated with several lifestyle and eating habits in both individuals with and without obesity. Moreover, some eating habits partially mediated (between 3% and 20%) the association between TFEQ eating behaviors and obesity risk. For clinicians, this study shows that simple, easy‐to‐ask questions on specific daily eating habits can provide essential information to better understand and manage patients with obesity.
De novo TP53 germline activating mutations in two patients with the phenotype mimicking Diamond–Blackfan anemia
Authors: Fedorova Daria , Ovsyannikova Galina , Kurnikova Maria , Pavlova Anna , Konyukhova Tatiana , Pshonkin Alexey , Smetanina Nataliya 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDiamond–Blackfan anemia (DBA) is an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome, associated with mutations in ribosomal protein (RP) genes. Growing data on mutations in non‐RP genes in patients with DBA‐like phenotype became available over recent years. We describe two patients with the phenotype of DBA (onset of macrocytic anemia within the first year of life, paucity of erythroid precursors in bone marrow) and germline de novo variants in the TP53 gene. Both patients became transfusion independent, probably due to L‐leucine therapy. The possible role of TP53 variants should be considered in patients with DBA‐like phenotype and no mutations in RP genes.
A qualitative examination of the benefits and challenges of a psychosocial screening intervention in pediatric oncology: “Support comes to us”
Authors: Hancock Kelly , Barrera Maru , Prasad Soni , Desjardins Leandra , Shama Wendy , Alexander Sarah , Szatmari Peter 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundPediatric cancer diagnosis and treatment can have detrimental mental health effects on parents (caregivers) and their children/adolescents (youth). Psychosocial screening and intervention have been recognized as standards of care in pediatric oncology. The most effective psychosocial interventions to support those in need post screening have not been determined.AimsThis qualitative study aimed to investigate the perceived benefits and challenges for caregiver and youth participants in the screening‐intervention arm of an Enhanced Psychosocial Screening Intervention (EPSI) pilot study.MethodsEPSI consists of a psychosocial navigator (PSN) who shares screening results conducted near diagnosis (T1) and monthly for 1 year (T2) with treating teams and families. All 17 caregiver–youth dyads who had completed EPSI were invited to participate in a semi‐structured interview.ResultsTen caregivers and nine youth participated. Identified themes were grouped into benefits and challenges of EPSI: feeling supported and cared for (support comes to us regularly, having someone to talk to); and feeling empowered through knowledge of resources and services were perceived as benefits. Caregivers were challenged by feeling overwhelmed, and youth by screening questions perceived as too repetitive.ConclusionsRegular monthly contacts for a year by the PSN with screening results and recommendations were perceived as beneficial by youth newly diagnosed with cancer and their caregivers who participated in EPSI. Feeling that support came to them and they had someone to talk to was a critical component. While information about psychosocial resources was not always used right away, it did evoke feelings of being empowered.
Single crystals and two‐dimensional crystalline assemblies of block copolymers
Authors: Yang Chen , Li Zi‐Xian , Xu Jun‐Ting 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBlock copolymer single crystals (BCPSCs) have attracted widespread attentions due to their unique two‐dimensional (2D) structure, good controllability, and great potential applications in recent years. In this paper, the morphology, surface structure of BCPSCs and the related influencing factors are reviewed. We also summarize the studies of 2D crystalline assemblies of block copolymers (BCPs) driven by crystallization and intermolecular π–π interaction. Moreover, the functionalization and properties of BCPSCs and 2D crystalline assemblies of BCPs are introduced. Finally, we put forward some unsolved problems in this field.