bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychiatric impact of mobile usage on medical student life: Ringxiety, nomophobia, and sleep
Authors: Shaik L. , Singh R. , Devara J. , Basa P. , Shah K. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe usage of mobile phones has seen exponential growth worldwide.1,2 While college students use mobile applications for educational purposes, the reports of adverse health problems are emerging.3,4ObjectivesInvestigate the impact of mobile usage patterns on the life of medical students and its association with psychiatric effects concerning ringxiety and nomophobia.MethodsData was collected from the 300 medical students of Ashwini Rural Medical College of India through a survey for this cross-sectional study. Chi-square (χ2) was used for statistics that revealed association, mobile phone usage patterns, including time spent before sleep, in classrooms or clinics, and frequency of update checks.ResultsA significant association was found between time spent on mobile before sleep and duration of sleep, and mobile usage in classrooms or clinics and psychological effects (p<0.0001). Significant association observed between mobile use in classes or clinics and the frequency of update checks, and the frequency of update checks and psychological effects (p<0.0001). About 78% of participants distracted in self-study due to mobile. Updates checked every 10 minutes by 14.7%, every hourly by 43%, and during breaks by 42.3%. Mobile low network caused anxiety (13.3%) and irritability (67.3%). About 41.7% of students couldn’t abstain from mobile use for a day. Every student used the mobile phone averagely for 24 minutes before they went to sleep.ConclusionsOur study results highlight the prevalence of ringxiety and nomophobia in medical school students. With the surging dependency on mobile phones and technology, we need to cautiously monitor its adverse effects on psychology and psychiatric conditions.
Mental health response to COVID-19 in China and impact on psychiatrists
Authors: Zhao M. 
Published: February 2022

The COVID-19 outbreak has raised numerous challenges for mental health service system in China. The pandemic has many affects on clinical, research and teaching, due to the strict quarantine in china. Fight the COVID-19 became the most important thing in work. We outlined major mental health needs during COVID-19 outbreak from the exiting studies and challenges for mental health professionals, and how to manage these challenges in China. To reduce the risk of negative psychological outcomes associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, the Central Health Authority of China and different national academic societies have integrated mental health crisis interventions into the general deployment of disease prevention and treatment. The NHCC developed a mental health triage strategy to provide four levels of psychological crisis interventions. More than 20 specific guidelines and expert consensus for mental health services for the COVID-19 outbreak were disseminated by the end of February 2020 to provide timely guidance for frontline health care professionals. External mental health expert teams in other provinces were also established to provide emergency mental health services in Hubei province, China. In addition, widespread adoption of online public education, psychological counseling, and hotline services have been set up for those in need. Although the COVID-19 pandemic has been under control in China, we should take a proactive lead to share its protocol of emergency mental health services with other countries affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Also international cooperation is urgely needed to control the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide. Large-scale epidemiological surveys should be conducted to examine the prevalence of mental health problems associated with the COVID-19 pandemic to inform the development of appropriate mental health services in future.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Is ketamine and lamotrigine interactions responsible for the sub-therapeutic effect of ketamine?
Authors: Adnan M. , Motiwala F. , Mansuri Z. , Trivedi C. , Reddy A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe immediate antidepressant effect of Ketamine has become a breakthrough in the treatment of depression. Cytochrome CYP3A4 and 2B6 primarily metabolize Ketamine.ObjectivesThe present study explores potential pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions of Lamotrigine and Ketamine.MethodsA literature search was conducted using (“ketamine” OR “Lamotrigine” AND Interactions in PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO. Our literature search resulted in 72 hits and result in qualified five studies.ResultsWe found five studies: one RCT study, a RCT, a crossover design, Two case reports, and one murine model study. In the first RCT conducted on 16 healthy normal volunteer subjects. lamotrigine significantly decreased ketamine-induced perceptual abnormalities (P < 0.001), positive (P < 0.001) and negative symptoms (P < 0.05), and learning and memory impairment (P < 0.05) which shows the counter effect of ketamine. Another study revealed Ketamine evoked increases in all the BPRS subscale scores, and all scores were lower after lamotrigine pretreatment. A case report from 2014 reports the failure of ketamine anesthesia in a patient with lamotrigine overdose. Another case report mentions that Lamotrigine reduced the craving in a patient with ketamine use disorder. A murine model study with lamotrigine showed improved PPI (Prepulse inhibition) ketamine-induced disruption. These results suggest that Lamotrigine may exert this effect via a glutamatergic system.ConclusionsThe literature review suggests that Lamotrigine interferes with glutamatergic neurotransmission reducing the effect of Ketamine. It is not clear how this may impact Ketamine’s antidepressant action. Future large scale and well-designed RCTs are required to confirm these findings.Conflict of interestNo significant relationships.
Barriers in managing psychiatric disorders in athletes
Authors: Shah K. , Ghouse M. , Kamrai D. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionAthletes have participated in sports and physical exercise for several decades as a coping strategy to alleviate mental health and behavioral issues. The increasing prevalence of psychiatric disorders among athletes attributed to the failure of its appropriate management.ObjectivesOur goal is to identify barriers in diagnosing and treating psychiatric problems among sportspersons to educate clinicians about the potential risk factors for athletes’ mental health disorders to provide optimal medical care.MethodsWe examined MeSH terms “Athletes,” “Sports,” “Risk Factors,” “Diagnosis,” and “Patient Care Management,” in the context of “Mental Health,” “Mental Disorders,” “sports psychiatry,” and “diagnostic barriers.” We included 23 studies per the PRISMA guidelines, searching Medline, PubMed, PubMed Central, and PsychInfo databases until August 2020.ResultsBarriers managing psychiatric disorders in athletes are overtraining syndrome, compensatory training, idolizing, negative coping mechanisms, social stigma, injuries, and performance-enhancing supplements usage. Other factors attributed to diagnostic barriers are general perceptions, age, racial and gender disparities, poor health services, interpersonal issues, patient-therapist relationships, sense of entitlement, control or confidentiality problems, and lack of quality preventative measures. Risk factors are injuries, sports type, doping, substance abuse, lifestyle, failures in achievement, eating disorders, and maladaptive coping mechanisms.ConclusionsThese barriers in psychiatric care have adversely impacted the mental health of sportspersons. Athletes have deviated from their careers and lost valuable periods of their lives due to inadequate attention to sports psychiatry aspects, such as cognitive health services, inclusive sports management measures, diagnostic and treatment approaches, reliable mental health services, and public awareness programs.
New mental health laws in bosnia and herzegovina- step towards in our practice
Authors: Racetovic G. , Latinovic M. , Cerkez G. , Mesic E. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionEstablishing broad spectrum of new mental health services in whole Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) existing mental health laws in both entities needed to be upgrade according positive results of the mental health reform in the country. Previous laws were exclusivelly oriented on protection of rights of the people with mental health disorders in (mainly) psychiatric institutions and were progressive and new in the period of their implementation (2001-2004).ObjectivesSince 2010 main reform processes had direction to community mental health care and developed positive movement with implementing new services oriented to patients and their needs/continuity of care. For example case management and occupational therapy are part of daily work in whole country and standards established trough accreditation process lead to uniform approach in community work in the area of mental health.MethodsComparative analysis of laws in BH concerning mental health.ResultsCarefuly and good preparation for pronounce of new Mental Health Law both in Republic of Srpska and Federation of BH were supported from both entities (task forces, drafts and proposition of the law and public discussion) and they are formaly supported in both entities parliaments in 2020 (prolonged since COVID-19 situation). In both laws is more emphasised role of commnity services, prevention, and post-hospital rehabilitation as continuity of care. Book of rules that follow the laws will be establish no longer than the end of 2020.ConclusionsNew mental health laws in BH are path to better protection of mental health of all population in BH and rights of our patients’ recovery.
Mental disorders management in general practice
Authors: Turki M. , Babbah T. , Abid W. , Ellouze S. , Ouali R. , Charfi R. , Halouani N. , Alouou J. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionCompared to specialized care, primary care is considered to be more accessible, less stigmatizing, and more comprehensive since it manages physical ailments along with mental disorders (MD). Thus, MD are mainly treated by general practitioners (GP), even though their ability to diagnose and treat these diseases is often considered unsatisfactory.ObjectivesThis study aimed to analyze perceptions of GP capacity to manage MD, and to assess the difficulties encountered during this management.MethodsA cross-sectional web-based survey design was adopted between August 22 and September 23, 2020, so that 47 responses of GP were included.ResultsThe mean age of respondents was 37.3 years. Among them, only 17% attended a post-university psychiatric training. On average, 6.3% of GP visits were MD-related. Anxious disorders and depression were perceived as very frequent respectively in 82.9% and 40.4% of cases. Among GP, 17% considered bipolar disorder as a difficult pathology to diagnose, followed by schizophrenia (12.7%), while the pathologies perceived to be most difficult to treat were dementia (17%), acute agitations (14.9%) and schizophrenia (10.6%). Anxiolytics and antidepressants use was very frequent (40.4% and 27.7% respectively), and 34% needed training in antipsychotics prescription. Difficulties encountered during MD management were related to lack of psychiatric continuing education (19.4%) and lack of collaboration with mental health professionals (12.5%). Among participants, 93.6% requested a psychiatric training: theoretical 29.3%, practice exchange 24.7%.ConclusionsOur study confirmed that MD related visits are common in primary care and highlighted several obstacles in their management. Further continuous education, training,and collaboration between practitioners is required.
Mental health outcomes among early-entrance to college students: A cross-sectional study of an emerging educational system in the united states
Authors: Singh S. , Singh S. , Narayanan S. , Kim J. , Jiao J. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionIn the United States, students who attend early-entrance to college programs (EECP) undergo a unique, accelerated educational path. Many of these programs require students to forego their final years of high school to take dual-enrollment classes while residing on a college campus. While previous literature has documented mental health outcomes among traditional college and high school student populations, there is scarce literature on the mental health among this hybrid population in the United States.ObjectivesInvestigate anxiety and depression among students enrolled in EECPs in the United States.MethodsGeneralized Anxiety Disorder-7 item (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-8 item (PHQ-8) were asked in 3 sets for how students felt before, during, and after their attendance in their EECP.Results66 alumni students who graduated from an EECP were surveyed after giving informed consent. GAD-7 average scores before the students attended was 4.83 (median = 4, “mild anxiety”), during attendance was to 11.5 (median = 12, “moderately-severe anxiety”), and currently was 6.95 (median = 6, “moderate anxiety”). PHQ-8 scores for depression before attending were 5.1 (median = 4, “mild to potentially moderate depression”, during the program 10.9 (median 11.5, “moderately severe depression”), and current PHQ-8 was 16 (median = 16, “severe depression”).ConclusionsAnxiety and depression seem to have a presence in this student population, compared to traditional college student populations, but different compared to international cohorts. Academic rigor was a notable driving force of these outcomes, differing from the literature on traditional college student populations.
Development & validation of the BSI-9: A brief screening tool for the SAD Triad
Authors: Macdonald C. , Brophy K. , Coroiu A. , Braehler E. , Korner A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-53) was originally developed as a shorter alternative to the Symptom Checklist-90R, which captures a breath of psychopathology. Subsequently, the BSI-53 was further streamlined to an 18-item scale assessing psychological distress in terms of somatization (S), anxiety (A), and depression (D) – also known as the “SAD Triad”. The BSI-18 has been shown to have good validity in the German general population.ObjectivesThe objective of the present study was to further improve the ease of use of the BSI as a clinical screening tool by developing a reliable and valid 9-item version of the BSI-18.MethodsA representative sample of the German general population (N=2,516) was surveyed for demographic information and completed a variety of questionnaires, including the BSI-18. Confirmatory factor analyses, item-level statistics, and correlations were used to select three rather heterogeneous items for each subscale and confirm the model fit.ResultsThe proposed 3-factor model of the BSI-9, corresponding to the SAD triad, demonstrated a good model fit. The internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) was .87 for the total scale, .72 for the somatisation scale, .79 for the depression scale, and .68 for the anxiety scale. Each of the subscales were significantly related to the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 and Hopkins Symptoms Checklist-25 in the hypothesized direction.ConclusionsThe BSI-9 provides researchers and clinicians with a brief, effective, and valid tool to screen for anxiety, depression, and somatization, thus preventing potential overload for research participants and flagging patients who might need further clinical assessment.
Assessing a PSP (primary care support programme) from the point of view of the professionals involved: A joint-effort between primary care and psychiatric ward
Authors: Contaldo S.F. , Simeon D. Carbonell , Ferraz B. Rodriguez , García E. Blanco , Vergel R. Fernandez , Gonzalez M. Iglesias , Valera M. Rubio , Girbau M. Gil , Maria M.T. Peñarrubia 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe PSP has been implemented in Catalonia in 2006 in an attempt to improve the Primary Care treatment of the most common mental disorders and addictions. It’s based on a collaborative model, made up between Primary Care and Mental Health professionals.ObjectivesTo identify the strengths and limitations of the PSP from the perspective of Primary Care and Mental Health professionals.MethodsQualitative, exploratory and interpretive study based on Grounded Theory, made between 2018 and 2019 with Primary Care and Mental Health professionals. Group interviews were conducted with triangulated analysis. The study got the approval from the Research Ethics Committee of the Sant Joan de Deu’s foundation.Results11 group interviews were conducted in 6 primary care centers and 5 mental health centers in Barcelona. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors impacting the programme functioning were detected. Within the extrinsic factors, elements related to professionals, patients and public health system have been observed. All the professionals agree that the PCSP has a favorable impact on inter-professional relationships and patients, facilitating the management of cases. In contrast the heterogeneity implementation, the lack of training, and the health care burden in is considered to negatively influence an optimal development of the programme. Professionals suggest communication and inter-professional collaboration would be improved by creating more a horizontal structure that eliminates vertical lines of command and disagreements in clinical judgement, thus facilitating shared decisions.ConclusionsPrimaryCare and MentalHealth professionals value the PSP positively, but conclude there are communication and organizative barriers that should be addressed in order to improve the overall programme’s efficiency.
Features of clinical, psychological and socio-demographic characteristics of day hospital patients in the context of psychiatric service reform
Authors: Mitikhin V. , Tiumenkova G. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe reform of the Moscow psychiatric service began in 2011 and was aimed at its optimization, reducing the inpatient level, actively introducing psychosocial rehabilitation, multidisciplinary teams of specialists and developing community-based forms of care. In 2016, the number of beds in day care hospitals in Moscow had doubled to rich 3500.ObjectivesAnalyze the dynamics of characteristics of day hospital patients and propose measures to improve the quality of medical rehabilitation care provided.MethodsClinical and psychopathological, clinical and statistical, psychological, statistical of 337 schizophrenia patients discharged in 2010 and 2016.ResultsA comparative analysis of the results obtained in 2010 and 2016 indicates a change in the clinical, socio-demographic and psychological characteristics of patients treated in the day hospital. In 2016, the proportion of early stage disease patients with endogenous mental disorders (F20-F29, according to ICD-10) increased; the age of patients and the proportion of patients with disabilities decreased; the proportion of patients with preserved working capacity increased, demonstrating low rates of compliance and motivation for treatment, but higher rates of neuro-cognitive functioning. In 2016, only a fifth of patients received complex psychosocial therapy.ConclusionsThe modernization of the psychiatric service has improved the continuity between its inpatient and out-of-hospital units. To improve the quality of care in the day hospital and to prevent relapses of the disease, it is necessary to combine pharmacotherapy with complex psychosocial treatment followed by a long-term personalized management of patients with the patient’s families involvement.
Psychiatric manifestations of huntington’s disease: Two case reports
Authors: Göy D. , Onur Ö. Şahmelikoğlu , Karamustafalıoğlu N. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionHuntington’s disease (HD) is a progressive neuropsychiatric and degenerative disorder that shows an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. The principal symptoms of HD are progressive movement disorders, cognitive deterioration, dementia, and certain psychiatric manifestations, which may occur in many different forms, such as depression, psychosis, personality changes.ObjectivesIn this presentation, two female HD patients with psychotic components complicated with suicidal and homicidal thoughts will be reported to better illustrate psychiatric components of HD.MethodsHospitalization records of these two patients with genetically verified HD diagnosis indicated that their psychiatric health precipitously deteriorated in the last decade.ResultsWhile the first patient suffered from severe depression, anxiety, suicidality; persecution ideas, suspiciousness, hostility were noted more prominently in the latter. Moreover, both cases had a positive family history for psychiatric diseases which is one of the hallmarks of HD. Anti-psychotic drug olanzapine, which has minor side-effects on EPS, was found to be highly effective on our HD patients, alleviating the behavioral and psychiatric symptoms of the disease.ConclusionsIn conclusion, HD should be one of the differential diagnoses if patients with psychiatric complaints have accompanying neurological findings such as movement disorders and impaired memory, and great attention should be paid to the extrapyramidal system (EPS) sensitivity of the chosen treatment regime when treating the HD patients,
Gastrointestinal functional impairments and epilepsy: Searching the possible connection mechanisms
Authors: Lefter R. , Ciobica A. , Balmus I.M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionEpilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders worldwide characterized by unpredictable and recurrent seizures, resulting from abnormal brain activity, accompanied by loss of consciousness and control of bowel or bladder function.ObjectivesA higher risk of comorbid disorders in epilepsy has been reported for psychiatric affective conditions (i.e., depression and schizophrenia), sleep alterations, as well as some gastrointestinal disorders (inflammatory bowel disease and constipation), and lately there is an interest to determine and explain a putative association between functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) such as Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and epilepsy.MethodsIn this way, we decided to review the current aspects of the gastrointestinal functional impairments and epilepsy by searching in the literature possible connection mechanisms.ResultsA handful of studies have only recently reported an increased prevalence of IBS in epilepsy in children, in adults, and conversely a higher incidence of epilepsy in IBS patients at the populational level. Paroxysmal abdominal complaints resulting from seizure activity are present in the abdominal epilepsy syndrome and the link between constipation and seizures has been demonstrated in animal models. Currently, there is no data to directly address the cellular and molecular connections between epilepsy and FGID, but these would probably involve the bidirectional dysregulation of the brain-gut axis with increased afferent processing of visceral nociceptive signals and subsequent hyperalgesia.ConclusionsThus, intestinal dysbiosis may play a role in triggering inflammatory and immune-related mechanisms reported in IBS manifestations and epilepsy, while vagal neuroimunomodulation issues are likely to be involved in both pathologies as well.Conflict of interestThe authors are currently supported by a Young Research Teams supporting research grant PN-III-P1-1.1-TE2016-1210, named ”Complex study on oxidative stress status, inflammatory processes and neurological manifestations correlations in irritable bowel synd