bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mid and Late Season Foliar Sprays and the Evaluation of Thimet for the Control of the Colorado Potato Beetle, 1980
Authors: Moore R. E. B. , Hare J. D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Katahdin’ potatoes were planted on May 2 in a Merrimac sandy loam soil at the Valley Laboratory, Windsor. Plots consisted of 3 rows 1.0 m apart and 4.6 m long. Each row had 16 plants. There were 4 replications arranged in a randomized design. Temik or Thimet was applied directly to the seed furrow at planting. Thimet was compared to Temik for early season beetle control. On Jul 7, when Colorado potato beetles began to survive on plots treated with Temik, weekly spraying of foliar insecticides was initiated. Six sprays were tested through Aug 20. The 2 synthetic pyrethroids. Ambush and Pydrin were compared directly. The benefit of adding Thiodan to either Furadan or Ambush was determined. Ambush, the most effective material in previous trials, was also used to control beetles in plots treated with Thimet.
Potato, Wireworm Control, Hermiston, Oregon, 1979
Authors: Toba H. H. , Turner J. E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The test was conducted at the Oregon State University Columbia Basin Experiment Station in a solid-set sprinkler-irrigated field. The soil type was Ephrata sandy loam (Xerollic Camborthids), and the organic matter content was less than 1%. The test area consisted of 4 adjacent blocks of 4 different application methods: preplant broadcast, at-plant sidedress, seed-piece furrow, and postemergence sidedress. Each plot measured 12.2 m and 4 rows wide (86.4 cm row spacing). On Apr 30, broadcast applications were made: granules were broadcast with a hand-operated Cyclone grass seeder, and liquid formulations were applied with a hand-held 2-row sprayer with a boom consisting of 4 TeeJet (No. AL80015) nozzles. Liquid formulations were diluted in water to a volume of 0.95 litre and applied at a rate of 224.5 litre/ha at a pressure of 2.1 kg/cm2 . The plots were rototilled to a depth of 10.2-15.2 cm within 1 hr after application. On May 2-3, potato seed pieces were planted with a 2-row planter and the at-plant sidedress and seed-piece furrow applications were made. On June 1, postemergence sidedress materials were applied 2 rows at a time with tractor-mounted Gandy and liquid applicators in a manner similar to that used with the at-plant sidedress materials. On Oct 2-4, tuber samples were harvested from the 2 center rows of each replicate (from ca. 4.6 m/row). All tubers were washed and examined for wireworm feeding, and the percentages, by weight, of tubers injured and damaged were determined. “Injured” was defined as any penetration of a tuber by a wireworm and “damage” as any injury as severe as described in Sec. 51.1560 and 51.1564 of the U.S. Standards for Grades of Potatoes. All percentages were transformed to arcsine Percentage and analyzed by analysis of variance (a modified split-plot design in which replications were within application blocks) and Duncan’s multiple range test. Materials that were not applied with all 4 application methods were not included in the analysis.
Tomato Fruitworm and Tomato Pinworm Control on Staked Tomatoes, 1980
Authors: Harper J. D. , Kouskolekas C. A. , Herbert D. A. , Hollingsworth M. H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This test was conducted at the North Alabama Horticulture Substation, Cullman. Tomato transplants were set on Jun 24. Plots consisted of 3 rows, 25 ft long (88-in centers), with 5-ft alleys. A completely randomized field-plot design was used with 4 replications of each of 12 treatments. Sprays were initiated when fruit began to mature. Applications were made weekly on Aug 15, 21, 29, Sep 4, 11, 18 and 26. All applications were made with a Super Blue Boy 6000 high clearance sprayer delivering 71 gal of spray per acre at 250 psi. Tomatoes were harvested 4 times (Sep 26 and 30, Oct 3 and 10). Data were taken from the middle row of each plot. All fruits were examined visually, and dissected when necessary, to determine damage by the fruitworm or pin worm.
Foliar Sprays to Control the Colorado Potato Beetle on Tomatoes, 1980
Authors: Linduska James J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Chico III’ tomatoes were direct seeded in single row plots 25 ft in length, on Jun 6 ‘80. Each plot was buffered on either side by an untreated guard row. Distance between rows was 6 ft. When plants were 2-3 inches tall they were thinned so as to provide clumps of 3 tomato plants spaced 12 inches apart. The plots were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. The soil was a Norfolk “A” loamy sand. All spray treatments were mixed in 10 gallons of water and applied with a custom built row crop sprayer. Each row was covered by 3 drop nozzles delivering 50 gal/acre at 90 psi. Treatments were applied Jul 7, 14, 25; Aug 6 ‘80. In evaluating the various insecticidal treatments, direct counts of the number of Colorado potato beetle larvae/10 ft of row and the % defoliation were recorded. Yields were taken on Sep 22 ‘80.
Insect Control on Tomato, 1980
Authors: Schuster David J. , Everett Paul H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Flora-Dade’ transplants were set Mar 6, 18 in apart on 3 ft wide by 6 in high beds of Immokalee fine sand covered with black polyethylene mulch. Plots consisted of 10 plants and were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Treatments were applied Mar 25, Apr 1, 9, 17, 24, 30, May 7 and 13 with a Solo motorized mist blower which was operated at 1300-1400 RPM (20-25 mph wind) and delivered 120 GPA. On Apr 29 and May 21, the number of leafmines of the vegetable leafminer (VLM) were counted on the terminal 3 leaflets (trifoliate) of the third fully expanded leaf from the tip of each plant/plot. The number of undamaged fruit and those damaged by larvae of the cabbage looper (CL), granulate cutworm (GCW) and tomato fruitworm (TFW) were counted in a single harvest on May 20. The following day, 5 plants/plot were cut and shaken and the number of dislodged larvae of the CL, GCW, and TFW counted.
Irish Potato, Granular and Foliar Sprays for Season Control of Colorado Potato Beetle, 1981
Authors: Bowman James S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study was located on the Robert Wiggin Farm, Stratham, NH. ‘Chiefton’ Irish potato seed pieces were planted in rows 36 inches apart on May 14. Each plot consisted of two 47 ft rows with each treatment replicated 4 times in a randomized block design. The plots were separated by 2 buffer rows that had been treated with Temik 15G at 3 lb ai/acre in the seed furrow at planting time. Granular treatments were made by opening up a furrow along side the seed pieces with a hoe and applying the granules using a Gandy plot applicator on May 20. Sprays were applied on Jul 16, 27, Aug 8, and 18 with a B … G CO2 pressurized sprayer at a rate of 36 gal/acre (40 psi) using a 5 ft hand-held boom with 4 nozzles. Control was determined on Aug T8 by counting the live larvae and adults.
Control of Azinphosmethyl Resistant Green Peach Aphids on Potato, 1981
Authors: Cranshaw Whiteney S. , Radcliffe Edward , Johnston Richard L. , Cuperus Gerrit W. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Russet Burbank’ potatoes were planted May 19 at the Rosemount Agricultural Experiment Station, Dakota Co., MN. Plots were 2 row, 60 ft in length, arranged in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Starting in early Jul, all plots were sprayed every 10-14 days with azinphosmethyl (Guthion 2L) at the rate of 0.5 lb ai/acre. High populations of green peach aphid became established throughout the plots as a result of these treatments. Plots were sprayed Sep 9 using a CO2 sprayer delivering 25 gal water/acre at 25 psi. Plots were evaluated Sep 11 by randomly selecting 35 leaves/plot.
Colorado Potato Beetle Control and Potato Yields, 1980
Authors: Margolies D. C. , Ferro D. N. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Superior’ potatoes were planted on May 1 in Sunderland, MA. Eptam was applied and incorporated prior to planting. The soil type was a fine sandy loam with a pH of ca 5.5. Treatment plots were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Each plot consisted of two 10 m rows with a 1 m fallow area between each plot. Temik was placed into the seed furrow at planting with a Gandy applicator (Line Tender Model). The Temik sidedress was applied prior to first hilling (May 30) as a band 20 cm to 1 side of the row. Foliar treatments were applied with a 12 liter stainless steel backpack sprayer at 275-345 K pascals and a delivery of 650 liter/ha. Foliar spray applications were made on Jun 10, 17 and 25; Jul 1, 22 and 30. The Jun 10 application of Ambush (0.22 kg/ha) was missed. Evaluation of the various insecticidal treatments utilized direct counts of the number of potato beetle larvae/10 hills and foliar injury ratings. Injury was rated on a scale of 0-5 as follows: 0 - no damage; 1 - less than 10% defoliation; 2 - 25% defoliation; 3 - 50% defoliation; 4 - 75% defoliation and 5 - complete defoliation. Yields were taken on Aug 20 and 21.
Synthetic Pyrethroid Sprays for Control of Aphids and Mites on Potatoes, 1981
Authors: Powell Donnie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Russet Burbank’ potatoes were planted on Apr 22, in Ritzville silt loam soil (Mesic Calciorthidic Haploxerolls) pH 6.2 and organic matter 1.62 at Yakima, WA. The insecticides were applied with a 2-row, 4 nozzle portable boom CO2 powered sprayer at 50 psi in 50 gal of water per acre on Jul 1. Each plot was 2 rows (34 inch) wide and 19 ft long. Each treatment was replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. The potato crop was sprinkler irrigated with 0.75 acre inch applied at 5-7 day intervals. Twenty compound potato leaves were collected from the lower two-thirds of the plants on Jul 6, 8 and 22 and the number of green peach aphids and twospotted spider mites on the leaves were counted.
Pydrin for Control of Bertha Armyworm on Potatoes, 1981
Authors: Powell Donnie M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Russet Burbank’ potatoes were grown in Winchester sands, Xerictorripsamments, with less than 0.5% organic matter at Pasco, WA. The 110 acre circle of potatoes was irrigated with a center pivot irrigation system. Pydrin was appi ied at the rate of 0.375 lb ai/acre with 80 ml of Redtop nutrient buffer ZNT in 8 gal of spray per acre by Aircraft on Jul 21. The irrigation system was in operation at the time of spray application and it continued to Irrigate the complete circle of potatoes, thus creating a time interval between spray application and sprinkler irrigation in various parts of the field. Evaluations were made by brushing the potato foliage with the hand to dislodge the larvae and then counting the total number of dead and living larvae per sq meter of soil surface in 10 locations in an area of the field. The larvae were recorded according to size: Small = 1st and 2nd instar, medium = 3rd and 4th instar and large = 5th instar. For the pre-treatment counts the average number of small, medium and large larvae per sq meter were 3.0 ± 1.4, 3.5 ± 1.6 and 7.5 ± 2.7, respectively. The 1 day post-treatment counts were made in an area that represented 12 hr between spray application and sprinkler irrigation. The 2 days post-treatment counts were made in 3 areas of the field that represented 6, 12, and 24 hr, respectively, between spray application and sprinkler irrigation.
Foliar Sprays to Control the Colorado Potato Beetle on Tomatoes, 1981
Authors: Linduska James J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘UC-134’ tomatoes were direct seeded in single row plots 25 ft in length, on May 27. Each plot was buffered on either side by an untreated guard row. Distance between rows was 6 ft. When plants were 2-3 inches tall they were thinned so as to provide clumps of 3 tomato plants spaced 12 inches apart. The plots were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. The soil was a Norfolk “A” loamy sand. All spray treatments were mixed in 10 gal of water and applied with a custom built row crop sprayer. Each row was covered by 6 drop nozzles delivering 50 gal/A at 90 psi. Treatments were applied Jun 23, Jul 2, Jul 7, and Aug 4. In evaluating the treatments, direct counts of the number of Colorado potato beetle larvae/10 ft of row and the % defoliation were recorded. Yields were taken on Sep 9.
Laboratory Bioassay of Systemic Insecticide Treated Tomato Foliage on Colorado Potato Beetle, 1981
Authors: Walker Gregory P. , Simonet Donald E. , Chalfant Richard B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Tomatoes were seeded in rows 12 inches apart (30 seeds/ft) on April 8 at the Coastal Plain Station of the University of Georgia, Tifton. The tomatoes were pulled Jun 1 and shipped to the Vegetable Research Branch, OARDC, Fremont, OH. These were transplanted at Fremont into loam soil on Jun 5 in rows spaced 5 ft apart with 11 inches between plants. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with 4 replicates. Treatments consisted of single 40 ft rows. There were no guard rows. Pre-transplant treatments received broadcast applications of granular systemic insecticides that were irrigated into the soil on May 18 in GA. Post-transplant treatments received granular systemic insecticides applied in single 1 inch furrows ca 6 inches to the side of the plants on Jun 11 in OH. On Jun 16, 23, 30 and Jul 8, young foliage was collected from each plot and stored at ca 45°F until it was fed to early instar Colorado potato beetle (CPB) larvae in 9 inch glass petri dishes lined with moist filter paper. Larvae were allowed to feed 2-3 days at ca 72;F and then mortality was recorded. Larvae used in the bioassay were collected from C-37 tomatoes in Wooster, OH. Foliage from each plot was bioassayed with 5 larvae.
Pre-Plant Systemic Insecticides for Fall Alfalfa Stand Establishment, 1981
Authors: Cuperus Gerrit W. , Radcliffe Edward B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Furadan was used as soil-incorporated prep I ant treatments to assess the benefit of using systemic insecticides in fall planted alfalfa stand establishment. Experiments were conducted at the Rosemount Agricultural Experiment Station, Dakota Co., MN, on Waukegan silt loam. Treatments were applied Jul 30 to 54 x 40 ft (0.05 acre) plots randomized in a complete block design with 3 replications. Alfalfa was seeded Jul 31 at a rate of 10 lb/acre. Granular applications were made by a Ortho-Whirlybird manual applicator and spray applications were made by tractor-drawn boom sprayer in 27 gal/acre at 100 psi pressure. Insect populations were sampled Sep 1 and Sep 24 using a vacuum machine by taking 15 putdowns-of a 20.3 cm vacuum hose (equivalent to 0.48 m2). Stand counts were taken Sep 11 by counting the number of plants in 10 one ft2 samples/plot.
Potato Leafhopper Control, 1980
Authors: Flessel John K. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A 3-yr-old stand of Saranac alfalfa at the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center at Wooster, OH was used for this study. Treatments were applied using a tractor-mounted Myers hydraulic sprayer calibrated to deliver 20 gpa at 20 psi. Plots were 30 ft x 80 ft and arranged in a randomized complete block design. The alfalfa was 10 inches tall at treatment and 25 inches at the completion of the study.
Potato Leafhopper and Alfalfa Blotch Leafminer Control, 1981
Authors: Hower Arthur A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Tests were conducted at the Pennsylvania Agricultural Experiment Station Farms, Rock Springs, Centre County. Insecticide sprays were applied Jun 23 in trial #1 and Jul 30 in trial M2. Plots were 40 ft x 40 ft in a randomized complete block design with untreated checks in 4 replications. Alfalfa was ca 6 inches tall at treatment. Spray concentrates were applied in trial #1 in 30 gal water per acre at 50 psi with a tractor-mounted 20 ft spray boom and 8001 Teejet nozzles. In trial #2 the materials were applied in 20 gal water per acre at 30 psi. Potato leafhopper numbers were estimated from 20 180° sweep samples taken randomly across each plot with a 15 inch dia heavy duty insect net. Alfalfa blotch leafminer density was determined from a 10 stem sample picked at random in each plot.
Alfalfa Weevil Larvae Control, Missouri 1981
Authors: Mullins Walton , Kowalski Edward 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Four insecticides were evaluated for the control of alfalfa weevil larvae in an established alfalfa field in Pemiscot Co., MO. Plots were 20 ft x 50 ft, replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Insecticides were applied on Apr 24 at the rate of 5 gal/acre at 30 psi with a Hahn high clearance sprayer. Thirty stem samples were collected from each plot at 3, 7 and 14 days post-treatment and were placed in Berlese funnels and left for ca 24 hr. The number of alfalfa weevil larve present in the collection jar (containing 70? ETOH) was recorded for each plot.
Blue Alfalfa Aphid and Egyptian Alfalfa Weevil Control on Alfalfa, 1981
Authors: Tuttle D. M. , Mullis C. H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Thirteen materials were applied to alfalfa Feb 18. Plants averaged 12 inches high and the field had been flood-irrigated Feb 15. Plots measured 8 ft x 150 ft with 4 replicates in a randomized block design. Applications were made with a small plot pressurized sprayer at the rate of 15 gpa using 40 psl. The boom was equipped with 5 TX-10 cone-jet nozzles at 20 inch intervals. Aphid and weevil counts were made by taking 10 stems at random per plot (10 x 4 = 40 stems). Stems were placed in a “specially-constructed” galvanized canister charged with ketone. Aphids comprised all motile stages and weevil counts were of larvae.
European Corn Borer 2nd Brood Control, 1981
Authors: Deighan John , McPherson Robert M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Four insecticides were examined to determine their effects on second brood European corn borer larvae infesting corn. Insecticides were applied Jul 21, when first generation moths became abundant in the blacklight trap next to the field. A completely randomized design was used with 4 replications in ‘Pioneer 3780’ corn grown on the Harold Delano Farm in Richmond Co., VA. Individual plots were 4 rows 25 ft long and spaced 3 ft apart. Each spray concentrate was directed towards the forming ear with a CO2-powered back-pack sprayer at 40 psi that delivered 20 gal of finished formulation per acre. Individual plots were evaluated at harvest on Sep 9, by recording % stalks lodged, % stalks bored, % ear shanks bored and yield.
Field Corn, Chinch Bug Control, 1981
Authors: Foster David E. , Stockdale Harold J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Applications of registered and experimental insecticides to control chinch bugs were evaluated on commercial fields at Sidney (Fremont County) and Mineola (Mills County), both in extreme southwestern IA. Treatments were replicated 3 times and arranged in a randomized complete block design. Plots were 4 rows by 10 m. Replications and plots within replications were arranged end-to-end in single file so that all plots were 12 rows from adjacent wheat. Treatments were applied using a back-pack sprayer equipped with drop nozzles and Teejet 65015 tips directed at the base of the plant from either side of the row. Materials were applied at 30 psi pressure with 30 gal/acre. Plots at Sidney were treated Jun 17 and evaluated on Jun 18 and 21. Plots at Mineola were treated Jun 25 and evaluated Jun 26, 28 and Jul 2. All counts were made by counting the number of chinch bugs per plant on 10 plants selected randomly from the middle 2 rows of each plot. Nymphs and adults were grouped. Chinch bug numbers above 100 were estimated visually.
Fall Armyworm Control in Field Corn, 1979
Authors: Hellman John L. , Curtis William , Hochmuth Robert , Chaudhari Narendra , Linduska James 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Tests were conducted on 2 farms, Poplar Hill Research farm, Quantico, Wicomico County and Snow Hill, Worcester County. At time of treatment, corn at both locations was near the tassel or late whorl stages, Treatment plots were four 15 ft rows arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replicates. Pre-counts were taken on Jul 30 at Snow Hill and Aug 10 at Poplar Hil.
Field Corn, Corn Rootworm Larval Control, 1981
Authors: Levine Eli 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Soil insecticides to control corn rootworm larvae were evaluated at 3 locations in IL. Corn was planted in 30 inch rows on May 8, May 17, and May 22 at Bloomington (McLean County, central), Pearl City (Stephenson County, northwest), and the Agronomy South Farm of the University of Illinois (Champaign County, east), respectively. Varieties planted were ‘Funks G-4520’ at Bloomington, a mixture of ‘Renks 66E’ and ‘Pioneer 3732’ at Pearl City, and ‘Pioneer 3780’ at the South Farm. Each insecticide was applied in a 7 inch band over the row 1-8 days after planting with Noble metering units attached to a bicycle-wheeled applicator and incorporated with a hand rake. Each treatment consisted of a 1 x 50 ft row. Experiments were arranged in randomized complete block designs with 4 replications/treatment.
No-Till Field Corn, Emergency Treatments for the Common Stalk Borer, 1981
Authors: Rubink W. L. , McCartney D. M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A randomized complete block design (5 treatments x 6 replications) was used to test the efficacy of 4 emergency treatments for the common stalk borer (CSB). Plot size was 6 rows (30 inch spacing) by 40 ft. The study site was a northeastern Ohio corn field containing several locally heavy infestations. CSB damage was quantified using percentages of “flagged” plants (those with wilted, dead or drying whorl leaves) as an index. Damage levels and subsequent yields were recorded for all plants in the central 2 rows of each plot. Test plots, located in a high damage area, averaged 36% damage (flagging) to seedling corn (2-leaf growth stage) by CSB larvae before emergency treatment, applied on Jun 4.
Control of Thrips with Seed Treatment and Granular Materials, 1981
Authors: Burris Gene , Clower D. F. , Rogers R. L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Treatments were applied on 4 row x 50 ft plots, arranged in a complete randomized block design with 5 replicates and 25 ft alleys. Insecticide treatments were applied using a John Deere 4100 planter, equipped with granular applicators. The granular treatments were calibrated on 150 ft of row prior to planting, and the seed treatments were prepared at planting with 8 oz/ewt seed. Seed was planted on May 4. Plant stand, plant height and leaf area, measured on Jun 9, were used as a measure of performance. Thrips populations were light-moderate, and damage was expressed as light-moderate or severe to leaves. Cotton was machine harvested from all 4 rows and weights were converted to lb seed cotton per acre.
Activity of Insecticides on Eggs of Heliothis on Cotton, 1978
Authors: Drake D. C. , Searcy J. W. , Potharst K. , Fort T. M. , Welch A. W. , Hammes G. G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In 1976, terminals containing eggs were collected from cotton plants in the field and egg locations were marked. The terminals were positioned on nearly mature cotton plants with the marked side upwards. Sprays were applied by hand sprayer or tractor. When the spray dried, the terminals were removed and placed on moist paper towels in covered containers. The containers were held for 2-10 days at 24°C in the laboratory. Total eggs versus eggs hatched were counted. Larvae that hatched but died were also counted. From these counts, the % eggs hatched and the % larvae that survived were determined.