bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability calculation with error tree analysis and breakdown effect analysis for a Quadcopter power distribution system
Authors: Imani Kazem , Gholami AmirHossein , Dehaghi Mahdi Bagherian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Today, quadcopters play an important role in a variety of industries due to their many advantages over other aircraft. In addition to their high level of technology, quadcopters are susceptible to damage, and their repair can be costly. On the other hand, today, reliability is recognized as a critical design feature in most industries. A device's reliability is one of the most important issues in the field of engineering since it provides engineers with an insight into how a device performs. The reliability of a system is one of the most important and complex issues. Since reliability is a key factor in all industries and can have significant effects on increasing the life and quality of products, we tried to use reliability using statistical relationships and mathematical models as well as past experiences. Due to their reliability, cost-effectiveness, and multifunctionality, they are frequently used in a variety of locations Then, by examining the failures modes and their results on the system, the effects of the quadcopter failures are analyzed using the FMEA method, in order to determine the modes and causes of failure. Finally, to determine the causes of failure, we have checked the quadcopter by FTA method to minimize the possibility of failure. The purpose of this article is to first discuss definitions and concepts in the field of reliability and then to analyze the quadcopter and its components.
Osteoprotegerin deficiency aggravates methionine- choline- deficient diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice
Authors: Wu Shaobo , Wu Yao , Lin Lan , Ruan Changshun , Li Fang , Chen Rong , Du Hongxin , Zhang Xianxiang , Luo Xiaohe 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background & Aims:
Clinical studies have shown that osteoprotegerin (OPG) is reduced in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. The current study focuses on the role of OPG in the NASH pathogenesis.
Methods
OPG knockout mice and wild-type control mice fed a methionine choline-deficient diet (MCD) for 4 weeks resulted in an animal model of NASH. Measurement of triglycerides (TG) in serum and liver to assess steatosis. Hematoxylin eosin (HE), Sirius Red and Masson staining were used to assess the liver damage. Transcriptome sequencing analysis, qPCR and western blot were to analyze changes in lipid metabolism and inflammation-related indicators in the liver.
Results
In vivo knockout of OPG resulted in a reduction of TG levels in the liver and a significant increase in serum ALT and AST. The expression of inflammatory factors and fibrosis genes was significantly upregulated in the livers of OPG knockout mice. Transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that OPG knockout significantly enhanced MCD diet-induced activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Mechanistically, OPG may inhibit MAPK signaling pathway activity by upregulating the expression of dual specificity phosphatase 14 (DUSP14), thereby reducing inflammatory injury.
Conclusion
OPG may be a drug target for the treatment of NASH.
A Fourier series approach to cubature formulas for integrals on the disk witha non-smooth weight function
Authors: Kounchev Ognyan , Render Hermann 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We study a new cubature formula for the evaluation of an integral over the disk with respect to a weight function. The method is based on an analysis of the Fourier series of the weight function and a reduction of the bivariate integral into an infinite sum of univariate integrals. Several experimental results with non-smooth weight functions show that the accuracy of the method is superior to standard cubature formulas on the disk; this is natural to expect since the new formula is adapted to treat singularities of maximal order. Error estimates provide the theoretical basis for the good performance of the new algorithm.
Automatic Dispersion, Defect, Curing, and Thermal Characteristics Determination of Polymer Composites using Micro-Scale Infrared Thermography and Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Rahman Md Ashiqur , Rahman Mirza Masfiqur , Ashraf Ali 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Infrared thermography is a non-destructive technique that can be exploited in many fields including polymer composite investigation. Based on emissivity and thermal diffusivity variation, components, defects, and curing state of the composite can be identified. However, manual processing of thermal images that may contain significant artifacts, is prone to erroneous component and property determination. In this study, thermal images of different graphite/graphene-based polymer composites fabricated by hand, planetary, and batch mixing techniques were analyzed through an automatic machine learning model. Filler size, shape, and location can be identified in polymer composites and thus, the dispersion of different samples was quantified with a resolution of ~ 20 µm despite having artifacts in the thermal image. Thermal diffusivity comparison of three mixing techniques was performed for 40% graphite in the elastomer. Batch mixing demonstrated superior dispersion than planetary and hand mixing as the dispersion index (DI) for batch mixing was 0.07 while planetary and hand mixing showed 0.0865 and 0.163 respectively. Curing was investigated for a polymer with different fillers (PDMS took 500s while PDMS-Graphene and PDMS Graphite Powder took 800s to cure), and a thermal characteristic curve was generated to compare the composite quality. Therefore, the above-mentioned methods with machine learning algorithms can be a great tool to analyze composite both quantitatively and qualitatively.
Radiographic outcomes and factors affecting nonunion after intramedullary nailing in femur segmental fracture: a multicenter study
Authors: Kook Incheol , Park Ki-Chul , Kim Dong-Hong , Sohn Oog-Jin , Hwang Kyu Tae 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Factors affecting the outcomes of femoral shaft segmental fractures are currently unknown. We evaluated the outcomes after intramedullary (IM) nail fixation and investigated the factors affecting nonunion in femoral shaft segmental fractures. A total of 38 patients who underwent IM nail fixation for femoral shaft segmental fractures (AO/OTA 32C2) at three university hospitals with a minimum 1-year follow-up was reviewed retrospectively. All patients were divided into the union group (n = 32) and the nonunion group (n = 6). We analyzed smoking status, diabetes mellitus, location of the segmental fragment, segment comminution, filling of the IM nail in the medullary canal, residual gap at the fracture site, use of a cerclage wire or blocking screws as factors that may affect the surgical outcome. In the union group, the average union time was 5.4 months (4–9 months). In the nonunion group, five cases underwent additional surgery at an average of 7.2 months (5–10 months) postoperatively, and one case was asymptomatic and followed-up without surgery. In the comparison of the union and nonunion group, insufficient canal filling of the IM nail (union: 25.0%, nonunion: 83.3%, p = 0.012) and residual gap at the fracture site after reduction (union: 31.3%, nonunion: 83.3%, p = 0.027) showed a significant difference. In multivariate analysis, insufficient canal filling of the IM nail was found to be a factor affecting nonunion, with an odds ratio of 13.3 (p = 0.036). After IM nail fixation for femoral shaft segmental fractures, a relatively high nonunion rate (15.8%) was observed. Factors affecting nonunion were insufficient canal filling of IM nail and residual gap of fracture site.
Preliminary Experience with a New Robotic Technique to Facilitate Distal Pancreatectomy with Spleen Preservation: Left Lateral Approach in Right Lateral Decubitus Position
Authors: Jorba-Martin Rosa , Pavel Mihai Calin , Estalella Laia , Llàcer-Millán Erik , Julià Elisabet , Ramírez-Maldonado Elena , Pueyo Eva , Geoghegan Justin , Memba Robert 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy (SP-DP) for patients with benign or small low-grade malignant tumors of the body or tail of the pancreas, is the ideal procedure although it is technically demanding. The robotic da Vinci system has been introduced to overcome these technical challenges and reduce operative risks. We report our experience of a new variation in surgical technique: the left lateral approach robotic spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy (RSP-DP) in right lateral decubitus position.
Methods:
We performed this new variant of SP-DP, in five patients, using the da Vinci Xi system. Technical and clinical feasibility are described.
Results:
The mean age and body mass index were 53.4 years and 31.4 kg/m2, respectively. The mean total operative time was 323 min. The estimated mean blood loss was 240 ml. In all patients, the spleen could be preserved. In four patients, the splenic vessels were also preserved. One patient required a Warshaw technique due to significant fibrosis attached to the splenic vein. The postoperative period of all patients was uneventful except the presence of biochemical leak (BL) in two patients that only required maintenance of the drainage at home. The mean length of hospital stay was 6 days after surgery.
Conclusions:
The left lateral approach RSP-DP in right lateral decubitus position is a feasible and safe procedure for distal benign or small low-grade malignant tumors of the left pancreas. The right lateral decubitus position associated to robotic surgery can facilitate this complex procedure, especially when splenic vessels preservation is indicated, with a lower risk of conversion and shortening of the learning curve.
Cleaning testing of nineteenth-century plaster cast reconstructions with thin polyacrylamide-based surface attached gels
Authors: Theodorakopoulos Charis , Risdonne Valentina , Freese Silvia , Diraoui Samar , Jonas Ulrich 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

This paper explores the cleaning efficacy of polyethylene-supported 15-minute photocrosslinked poly(acrylamide-co-benzophenone) (PE-PAM15) surface-attached hydrogels on gypsum plaster reconstructions of nineteenth-century casts. After temperature-humidity and light exposure and after artificial soiling of the plaster plates, tests were performed directly on the surface, with and without organic and inorganic coatings. The surface-attached hydrogels were selected according to water loading and dehydration capacity. The PE-PAM15 systems loaded with aqueous solutions were applied on the plates for one minute. Upon lifting the gels, cleaning efficacy was evaluated with Visible Reflectance, UV Fluorescence, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Colorimetry and UV/Vis Spectrophotometry, Glossimetry, HR 3D Microscopy, Attenuated Total Reflectance- and 2D Fourier Transform Infrared Imaging. Satisfactory removal of soils from the gypsum plates is reported. The PE-PAM15 obtained fast and minimal wetting of the substrates, prevented excessive liquid spreading and the slow liquid diffusion onto the water-sensitive gypsum plaster. A minor dissolution and recrystallization of the plaster could have been introduced and was identified by an insignificant change of roughness and gloss. The cleaning tests showed promising results, suggesting that further development of this method could unfold novel approaches for the cleaning of historical plaster surfaces.
Long-term Crop Diversity Improves Soil Chemical Attributes, Nutrient Cycling and Soybean Yield
Authors: Côrt Andressa Selestina Dalla , Crusciol Carlos Alexandre Costa , Pacheco Leandro Pereira , Batista Eder Rodrigues , Pascoalotto Isabô Melina , Bossolani João William , Gonçalves Evelyn Custódio , de Macedo Kamila Silva , Guedes Thaís Rodrigues Magalhães , de Resende Vinícius Hipólito Lopes , Petter Fabiano André , de Souza Edicarlos Damacena , Neto Jayme Ferrari , Rigon João Paulo Gonsiorkiewicz 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Crop diversity, particularly cover crops under no-tillage, increases agricultural efficiency in the use of nutrients and the soil carbon management. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of single cover crops and intercropping (MIX) under long-term no-tillage on shoot dry mass (SDM) production, nutrient cycling, soil chemical attributes, and soybean yield in the Cerrado of Mato Grosso. The treatments consisted of MC: monocropped; CS1: Crotalaria spectabilis; CS2: Pennisetum glaucum (millet); CS3: Urochloa ruziziensis; CS4: Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea); and MIX: all four crops intercropped (C. spectabilis + P. glaucum + U. ruziziensis + C. cajan). The shoot dry mass of the cover crop was evaluated at 0, 90, 105, 120, 150, 180, and 210 days after cover crop management (CM) (desiccation) in the crop years from 2014/15 to 2020/21. The chemical properties of the soil were evaluated after the 2019/20 soybean crop harvest. SDM accumulation in MIX was approximately 22% higher than that in CS2 and CS3 and 60% higher than that in MC. Soybean yields were 20% higher in MIX, CS3, and CS4 than in MC, corresponding to an increase of approximately 14 bags of soybean. MIX and CS3 improved soil chemical attributes through nutrient cycling and SDM production under long-term no-tillage. MIX, CS3, and CS4 promoted increases in soybean yield after the stabilization phase of the system. The accumulation and release of nutrients by the shoots was an important indicator of nutrient cycling under no-tillage and consequent increases in the yield of soybean in succession.
Control and Manipulation of Microwave Polarization, and Power of a frequency-agile 198 GHz Gyrotron for Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Millen Marthe , Pagonakis Ioannis Gr. , Björgvinsdóttir Snaedís , Alaniva Nicholas , Barnes Alexander B. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The measurement and manipulation of the microwave polarization emitted from a frequency-agile 198 GHz gyrotron for dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is demonstrated. In general, gyrotrons emit linearly polarized radiation, yet in this case elliptical polarization is observed from the 198 GHz gyrotron window. Indeed, half of the microwave power is circularly polarized while the other half is linearly polarized with a polarization of 60° with respect to the horizontal plane. For optimal use of microwave power for DNP experiments, the elliptical polarization from the gyrotron is converted into circular polarization with a Martin-Puplett interferometer (MPI). The dependence of the DNP enhancement on the microwave polarization was investigated by modifying the microwave polarization with the MPI. In addition the MPI can generate a linearly polarized beam, which holds promise for future development of induction-mode electron spin detected experiments.
The stabilization of kenaf leaves extract co-loaded W 1 /O/W 2 double emulsion by emulsifier mixtures of sodium caseinate-Tween20-β-cyclodextrin
Authors: Elaine Elaine , Tan Chin Ping , M.H.A. Jahurul , Nyam Kar Lin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Water-in-oil-in-water (W1/O/W2) double emulsion (DE) is often used for hydrophilic bioactives encapsulation. However, the stabilization of food-grade DE is difficult due to its complex structure and limited emulsifier choices. Thus, this paper studies the stabilization of DE containing ethanolic kenaf leaves extract by emulsifier mixture (EM) containing sodium caseinate, Tween-20, and β-cyclodextrin. The particle size, polydispersity index, creaming index, encapsulation efficiency, and droplet morphology were observed for 5 weeks storage. Overall, all DE samples did not undergo phase separation, with a noticeable increase in viscosity throughout storage. The morphology and functional groups also showed spherical droplet shape and interaction changes after emulsification. DE stabilized by 2.5% and 4.0% (w/w) EM had consistent droplet size and distribution, encapsulation efficiency > 98%, and highest viscosity value up to 35-day storage at 25℃. Specifically, DE with 4.0% (w/w) EM showed good resistance under pH changes. In conclusion, double emulsion stabilized by sodium caseinate, T20, and β-cyclodextrin are stable up to 5 weeks at 25°C, potentially to be applied in food and beverage applications.
Comparisons of EQ-5D-Y and PedsQL in pediatric patients with mild-to-moderate chronic kidney disease in longitudinal analyses
Authors: Hsu Chien-Ning , Tain You-Lin , Lu Pei-Chen , Lin Hsiang-Wen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective: To characterize longitudinal changes and correlations between the measures of EQ-5D-Y and generic PedsQL and their associations with clinical changes in children and adolescents with mild-to-moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Methods: Participants were recruited from January 2017 to September 2021 in a medical center in Taiwan. Both instruments were administered in their initial visits and every 6-month subsequent visits. Spearman’s Rho (r) was used to assess correlations between the scores of EQ-5D-Y and PedsQL measures in longitudinal changes. Cohen’s effect size (ES) was used to evaluate the changes of scores/subscales over time. In addition, factors associated with longitudinal changes in the score/subscales were explored.
Results: A total of 121 participants were enrolled, and 83 with ³3 HRQOL measures during the 3.5 years follow-up were assessed their changes of HRQOL measures. The correlations (r>0.3) appeared between the changes in the visual analog scale (VAS) of EQ-5D-Y and emotional and social subscales of PedsQL. ES was small (<0.5) in the VAS and level-sum-score (LSS) of EQ-5D-Y scores for the clinical changes in comorbidities, while some PedsQL subscales were medium to high (0.5–0.8 or >0.8). Hypertension, mineral bone disorder/anemia, and hyperuricemia associated with the changes in both HRQOL scores were varied by their various domains.
Conclusion: Both EQ-5D-Y and PedsQL of HRQOL measures were responsive to worsened childhood CKD-related comorbidities during the follow-up; however, convergent validity between them was limited in some domains. The LSS of EQ-5D-Y showed greater changes than the VAS by comorbidity status; further comparison with utility weight is needed to determine the better performance of EQ-5D-Y.
Current Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Pediatric Gastroenterologists in the Management of Celiac Disease - A Survey Study
Authors: Khan Hamza Hassan , Kumar Sanjay , Lyons Hernando 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Celiac Disease (CD) is a common autoimmune disorder characterized by an immune-mediated reaction to gluten. The aim of the study is: 1. To assess the current practices of pediatric gastroenterologists (GI) in the management of CD; 2. To assess how these responses compare to the current EIEBPG; and 3. To assess how the practices vary based upon geographic location.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey of members of the North American Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (NASPGHAN). After obtaining NASPGHAN and IRB approval, members (n=2400) were sent a SurveyMonkey® survey consisting of 22 questions of which 17 were based upon the Evidence-Informed Expert Best Practice Guidelines (EIEBPG).
Results: A total of 8.3% (198/2400) responders completed the survey. Respondents from North America (NA) comprised the largest group, 80.8% (160/198), followed by 7.6% (15/198) European (EU) responders. When indicated, Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) typing was used by 11 (5.6%) responders on all visits. Comparing respondents from NA and EU on the majority of visits, 141/160 (88.1%), 59/160 (36.9%), and 153/160 (95.6%) respondents from NA screened for Vitamin D, Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) immunization, and had access to dietician respectively, compared to 7/15 (46.7%), 2/15 (13.3%), and 9/15 (60%) EU respondents, respectively.
Conclusion: Overall, most study respondents were reportedly adhering to EIEBPG. Providers need to utilize HLA typing more for patients with negative serology. EU providers need to be more consistent for screening for vitamin D and there is room for improving access to dietitians of EU celiac disease patient’s clinic visits.
Current Attitudes Toward Drug Checking Services and a Comparison of Expected with Actual Drugs Present in Street Drug Samples Collected from Opioid Users
Authors: Swartz James A. , Lieberman Marya , Jimenez A. David , Mackesy-Amiti Mary Ellen , Whitehead Heather , Hayes Kathleen , Robison-Taylor Lisa , Prete Elizabeth 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: The opioid epidemic continues to cause high numbers of fatalities in the US and other countries, driven mainly by the inclusion of potent synthetic opioids in street drugs. Drug checking by means of various technologies is being increasingly implemented as a harm reduction strategy to inform users about constituent drugs in their street samples. We assessed how valued drug checking services (DCS) would be for opioid street drug users given the ubiquity of fentanyl and related analogs in the drug supply, the information they would most value from drug checking, and compared expected versus actual constituent drugs in collected samples.
Methods: A convenience sample of opioid street drug users (N = 118) was recruited from two syringe service exchange programs in Chicago between 2021-2022. We administered brief surveys asking about overdose history, fentanyl preference, and interest in DCS. We also collected drug samples and asked participants what drug(s) they expected were in the sample. Provided samples were analyzed using LC-MS technology and the results compared to their expected drugs.
Results: Participants reported an average of 4.4 lifetime ODs (SD=4.8, range=0-20) and 1.1 (SD=1.8, range=0-10) past-year ODs. A majority (92.1%) believed they had recently used drugs containing fentanyl. Opinions about the desirability of fentanyl were mixed with 56.1% indicating they did not and 38.0 % indicating they did prefer fentanyl. Attitudes towards DCS indicated a general but not uniform receptiveness with a majority indicating interest in DCS though sizeable minorities believed DCS was ”too much trouble” (25.2%) or there was “no point” in testing (35.4%). Participants were especially poor at identifying common cutting agents and potentiating drugs such as diphenhydramine in their samples. They reported having quantitative information on drug concentrations and identification of all constituent drugs present in a sample would be especially valuable.
Conclusions: Results affirmed street drug users remain interested in using DCS to monitor their drugs and such services should be more widely available. Advanced checking technologies that provide information on the relative quantities and the different drugs present in a given sample available at point-of-care, would be most valuable but remain challenging to implement.
A Survey of Software Metrics for Transitioning to An Updated Version of The Current Existing Framework Or A New Framework
Authors: Islam Md. Rafid , Rahman Ratun , Ahmed Akib , Jany Rafsan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
a software framework is an abstraction that allows to selectively update software that provides generic functionality by adding additional code written by the user. It is basically a physical or conceptual structure that is used to support or guide the construction of something that grows the structure into something productive. Many effective software teams start with frameworks as their foundation. Bundled code libraries, software modeling, APIs, and a myriad of other capabilities which are included in these frameworks make programming considerably faster and more effective. So, software engineers often delve into various frameworks for development and other purposes. A survey has been conducted and opinions from teachers, students, and developers were solicited. This paper examines the results of the poll and tries to explain what software engineers, students, or seasoned developers experience when switching to a new framework in the middle of a project.