bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intensification of resveratrol cytotoxicity, pro-apoptosis, oxidant potentials in human colorectal carcinoma HCT-116 cells using zein nanoparticles
Authors: Khayat Maan T. , Zarka Mohamed A. , El-Telbany Dalia Farag. A. , El-Halawany Ali M. , Kutbi Hussam Ibrahim , Elkhatib Walid F. , Noreddin Ayman M. , Khayyat Ahdab N. , El-Telbany Rania Farag A. , Hammad Sherif F. , Abdel-Naim Ashraf B. , Alolayan Ebtesam M. , Al-Sawahli Majid Mohammad 
Published: September 2022

AbstractResveratrol (RSV), a non-flavonoid stilbene polyphenol, possesses anti-carcinogenic activities against all the major stages of cancer. Zein nanoparticles (ZN NPs) have been utilized successfully in delivery of variant therapeuticals by virtue of their histocompatible nature. The goal of this work was to comparatively explore the antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic and oxidative stress potentials of RSV-ZN NPs versus RSV against human colorectal carcinoma HCT-116 cells. ZN-RSV NPs were developed and assayed for particle size analysis and RSV diffusion. The selected formula obtained 137.6 ± 8.3 nm as mean particle size, 29.4 ± 1.8 mV zeta potential, 92.3 ± 3.6% encapsulation efficiency. IC50 of the selected formula was significantly lower against HCT-116 cells versus Caco-2 cells. Also, significantly enhanced cellular uptake was generated from RSV-ZN NPs versus free RSV. Enhanced apoptosis was concluded due to increased percentage cells in G2-M and pre-G1 phases. The pro-apoptotic potential was explained by caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 increased mRNA expression in addition to NF-κB and miRNA125b decreased expression. Biochemically, ZN-RSV NPs induced oxidative stress as demonstrated by enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) isoenzyme increased levels. Conclusively, ZN-RSV NPs obtained cell cycle inhibition supported with augmented cytotoxicity, uptake and oxidative stress markers levels in HCT-116 tumor cells in comparison with free RSV. These results indicated intensified chemopreventive profile of RSV due to effective delivery utilizing ZN nano-dispersion against colorectal carcinoma HCT-116 cells.
Establishment and evaluation of a risk-prediction model for hypertension in elderly patients with NAFLD from a health management perspective
Authors: Zhang An , Luo Xin , Pan Hong , Shen Xinxin , Liu Baocheng , Li Dong , Sun Jijia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractElderly patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are at a higher risk of developing. This study established an effective, individualised, early Hypertension risk-prediction model and proposed health management advice for patients over 60 years of age with NAFLD. Questionnaire surveys, physical examinations, and biochemical tests were conducted in 11,136 participants. The prevalence of NAFLD among 11,136 participants was 52.1%. Risk factors were screened using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator model and random forest model. A risk-prediction model was established using logistic regression analysis and a dynamic nomogram was drawn. The model was evaluated for discrimination, calibration, and clinical applicability using receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration curves, decision curve analysis, net reclassification index (NRI), and external validation. The results suggested that the model showed moderate predictive ability. The area under curve (AUC) of internal validation was 0.707 (95% CI: 0.688–0.727) and the AUC of external validation was 0.688 (95% CI: 0.672–0.705). The calibration plots showed good calibration, the risk threshold of the decision curve was 30–56%, and the NRI value was 0.109. This Hypertension risk factor model may be used in clinical practice to predict the Hypertension risk in NAFLD patients.
Characterisation of HOIP RBR E3 ligase conformational dynamics using integrative modelling
Authors: Kausas Marius , Esposito Diego , Rittinger Katrin , Fraternali Franca 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMultidomain proteins composed of individual domains connected by flexible linkers pose a challenge for structural studies due to their intrinsic conformational dynamics. Integrated modelling approaches provide a means to characterise protein flexibility by combining experimental measurements with molecular simulations. In this study, we characterise the conformational dynamics of the catalytic RBR domain of the E3 ubiquitin ligase HOIP, which regulates immune and inflammatory signalling pathways. Specifically, we combine small angle X-ray scattering experiments and molecular dynamics simulations to generate weighted conformational ensembles of the HOIP RBR domain using two different approaches based on maximum parsimony and maximum entropy principles. Both methods provide optimised ensembles that are instrumental in rationalising observed differences between SAXS-based solution studies and available crystal structures and highlight the importance of interdomain linker flexibility.
Molecular phylogeny and historical biogeography of marine palaemonid shrimps (Palaemonidae: Palaemonella–Cuapetes group)
Authors: Frolová Pavlína , Horká Ivona , Ďuriš Zdeněk 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPalaemonidae is the most speciose shrimp family within the infraorder Caridea, composed predominately of freshwater species and marine symbiotic species. The subject of this study is a clade of mainly free-living marine taxa representing a basally separated lineage from most of the symbiotic marine palaemonid genera. Phylogenetic and biogeographic relationships were explored by analysing sequence data from two mitochondrial and four nuclear markers. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses, based on sequences from 52 species of 11 genera, provided similar tree topologies revealing the generaPalaemonella,CuapetesandEupontoniaas non-monophyletic groups. Divergence time and S-DIVA analyses reveals that the focal clade originated during the Late Cretaceous in the Paleotethys region respective to the present Indo-West Pacific area, a minor part of which spread out to the eastern Pacific during the Paleocene, followed by further migration into the Atlantic (before the closure of the Panama Isthmus). The ancestral state reconstruction of host associations revealed eight independent symbiotic lineages originating from free-living ancestors, entering primary symbioses. The first associations with Cnidaria are estimated to have evolved in the Eocene. This study points to the need of taxonomic revisions of the non-monophyletic genera concerned.
Explainable artificial intelligence through graph theory by generalized social network analysis-based classifier
Authors: Ucer Serkan , Ozyer Tansel , Alhajj Reda 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe propose a new type of supervised visual machine learning classifier, GSNAc, based on graph theory and social network analysis techniques. In a previous study, we employed social network analysis techniques and introduced a novel classification model (called Social Network Analysis-based Classifier—SNAc) which efficiently works with time-series numerical datasets. In this study, we have extended SNAc to work with any type of tabular data by showing its classification efficiency on a broader collection of datasets that may contain numerical and categorical features. This version of GSNAc simply works by transforming traditional tabular data into a network where samples of the tabular dataset are represented as nodes and similarities between the samples are reflected as edges connecting the corresponding nodes. The raw network graph is further simplified and enriched by its edge space to extract a visualizable ‘graph classifier model—GCM’. The concept of the GSNAc classification model relies on the study of node similarities over network graphs. In the prediction step, the GSNAc model maps test nodes into GCM, and evaluates their average similarity to classes by employing vectorial and topological metrics. The novel side of this research lies in transforming multidimensional data into a 2D visualizable domain. This is realized by converting a conventional dataset into a network of ‘samples’ and predicting classes after a careful and detailed network analysis. We exhibit the classification performance of GSNAc as an effective classifier by comparing it with several well-established machine learning classifiers using some popular benchmark datasets. GSNAc has demonstrated superior or comparable performance compared to other classifiers. Additionally, it introduces a visually comprehensible process for the benefit of end-users. As a result, the spin-off contribution of GSNAc lies in the interpretability of the prediction task since the process is human-comprehensible; and it is highly visual.
Analysis of time-dependent changes in the FIB4 index in patients with obesity receiving weight reduction therapy
Authors: Kawai Shiori , Yamakage Hajime , Kotani Kazuhiko , Noda Mitsuhiko , Satoh-Asahara Noriko , Hashimoto Koshi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWeight reduction therapy represents a fundamental strategy to prevent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with obesity, which may result in liver fibrosis. Histological findings previously demonstrated that weight reduction therapy attenuated NAFLD. The FIB4 index is widely used to assess the status of NAFLD. The present study investigated whether the FIB4 index improved during weight reduction therapy. We used cohort data of the Japan Obesity and Metabolic syndrome Study and examined the correlation between body weight (BW) loss (BW loss) and changes in the FIB4 index (ΔFIB4 index) in patients who successfully reduced their BW by more than 5% from baseline BW after 3, 6, and 12 months (M) of weight reduction therapy. A negative correlation (r = −0.342, p = 0.029) was observed between BW loss and FIB4 index after 3 M, but not after 6 M, whereas a positive correlation (r = 0.298, p = 0.03) was noted after 12 M. These results revealed changes in the correlation between ΔBW loss and ΔFIB4 index during the therapy, mainly due to time-dependent changes in components of the FIB4 index formula. Thus, we concluded that the FIB4 index is useful and reliable to assess liver fibrosis until 3 M during weight reduction therapy. However, after 3 M, we should recognize that the FIB4 index may not reflect liver status. Therefore, it is important to consider this characteristic of the FIB4 index as a limitation when assessing liver fibrosis in obese patients receiving weight reduction therapy.
Effect of heat shield locations on rework-induced thermal management in ball grid array solder joint
Authors: Ismail Adlil Aizat , Bakar Maria Abu , Ehsan Abang Annuar , Jalar Azman , Burke John , Zolkefli Zol Effendi , Basiron Erwan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study investigated the effectiveness of heat shield placement locations during the rework process to avoid thermal and mechanical damage to adjacent ball grid array components and their solder joints on double-sided printed circuit board assembly. Three types of heat shield placement locations were used: sample X, individual heat shield placement on adjacent components of the rework location; sample Y, a U-shaped, and sample Z, a square-shaped heat shield placed respectively at the heat source location. The dye and pull test results, infrared thermography, and temperature measurements were analysed to understand the relationship between the location of the heat shield and solder joint damage during rework. Heat shield placement at the heat source location on the reworked component can reduce the peak temperatures on the adjacent rework component locations by up to 8.18%. The peak temperatures of the centre and corner of the BGA component can be maintained below 195 °C and 210 °C, respectively to improve the adjacent rework component locations' solder joint quality by reducing solder joint damage by more than 50% solder cracks. This is useful for thermal management during rework involving high-density ball grid array component placements on double-sided printed circuit board assembly.
Degree-corrected distribution-free model for community detection in weighted networks
Authors: Qing Huan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA degree-corrected distribution-free model is proposed for weighted social networks with latent structural information. The model extends the previous distribution-free models by considering variation in node degree to fit real-world weighted networks, and it also extends the classical degree-corrected stochastic block model from un-weighted network to weighted network. We design an algorithm based on the idea of spectral clustering to fit the model. Theoretical framework on consistent estimation for the algorithm is developed under the model. Theoretical results when edge weights are generated from different distributions are analyzed. We also propose a general modularity as an extension of Newman’s modularity from un-weighted network to weighted network. Using experiments with simulated and real-world networks, we show that our method significantly outperforms the uncorrected one, and the general modularity is effective.
Room temperature synthesis of water-soluble spherical particles of a uniform diameter composed of carbon nanobelts and C60 molecules
Authors: Choi Sieun , Kurosu Shunji , Mashiko Yuta , Minakawa Takanobu , Maekawa Toru 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA carbon nanobelt (CNB) is a loop of fused benzene rings and a C60 molecule is a football shaped fullerene composed of 60 carbon atoms. In this study, we synthesize uniform spherical particles composed of (6,6)CNBs and C60 molecules in 1,2-dichlorobenzene at room temperature via bottom-up self-assembly, setting the molar concentrations of (6,6)CNBs and C60 molecules at appropriate values, and find that the particles are monodisperse even in water. The present room temperature synthetic methodology may well be applied to the creation of nano/micro structures/materials using basic carbon nano units such as cycloparaphenylene (CPP, carbon nanorings) and fullerenes; e.g., C60, C70 and C59N.
A spectral reflectance-based approach for formulating color mixing recipes for single- and multi-layered woven structures
Authors: Chae Youngjoo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe color of yarn dyed woven fabrics comes from a series of different colored yarns mixed in complex ways and various proportions. Thus, predicting the color mixing effect or formulating the recipe is a difficult task which should consider the interaction between colored yarns and structure variations. Color mixing recipes, which are also called color prediction models, for woven fabrics have generally been derived through the two-dimensional modeling of woven structures. In this study, the three-dimensional geometrical and colorimetrical modelings of single-, double-, and three-layered woven fabrics in a wide range of colors were conducted to obtain two types of optimal spectral reflectance-based color prediction models. Through model evaluations, the obtained three-dimensional color prediction models were proved to have much higher predictive accuracy, especially in terms of lightness and chroma predictions, than that of the two-dimensional color prediction models previously developed.
Effects of animal manure and nitrification inhibitor on N2O emissions and soil carbon stocks of a maize cropping system in Northeast China
Authors: Dong Dan , Yang Weichao , Sun Hao , Kong Shuang , Xu Hui 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe incorporation of animal manure (AM) in soil plays an essential role in soil carbon sequestration but might induce higher soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. The use of nitrification inhibitors (NI) is an effective strategy to abate N2O emission in agro-ecosystems. However, very few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of applying NI under the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers for increasing soil carbon sequestration and reducing N2O emissions simultaneously in Northeast China. Here, a four-year field experiment was conducted with three treatments [inorganic fertilizer (NPK), inorganic fertilizer + manure (NPKM), and inorganic fertilizer with NI + manure (NPKI + M)], in a rainfed maize cropping system in Northeast China. Plots of different treatments were kept in the same locations for 4 years. Gas samples were collected using the static closed chamber technique, and nitrous oxide (N2O) concentration in gas samples was quantified using a gas chromatograph. Soil organic carbon sequestration rate (SOCSR) was calculated based on the changes in SOC from April 2012 to October 2015. Averaged over the four years, AM incorporation significantly increased soil N2O emissions by 25.8% (p < 0.05), compared to NPK treatment. DMPP (3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate) significantly decreased N2O emissions by 32.5% (p < 0.05) relative to NPKM treatment. SOC content was significantly elevated by 24.1% in the NPKI + M treatment than the NPK treatment after four years of manure application (p < 0.05). The annual topsoil SOCSR for the NPKM and NPKI + M treatments was 0.57 Mg ha−1 yr−1 and 1.02 Mg ha−1 yr−1, respectively, which were significantly higher than that of NPK treatment (− 0.61 Mg ha−1 yr−1, p < 0.05). AM addition significantly increased the aboveground biomass and crop yields of maize in the fourth year. Overall, combined application of DMPP, inorganic fertilizer and AM is strongly recommended in this rainfed maize cropping system, which can increase maize yield and SOC sequestration rate, and mitigate N2O emission.
The barriers to whole-grain consumption among Iranian students
Authors: Ariya Mohammad , Esmaeilinezhad Zahra , Naghizadeh Mohammad Mehdi , Dindarloo Mohammad Mehdi , Karimi Farzaneh , Kaveh Fatemeh , Marzban Sahar , Hormozi Kimia , Barati-Boldaji Reza 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStudies show that regularly consuming whole grains reduce the risk of obesity and a wide range of chronic diseases. Despite this, studies reveal that students are consuming fewer whole grains. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the barriers to the consumption of whole grains among Iranian students. This cross-sectional study examined students at Fasa, Iran in 2020–2021. The online questionnaires were completed by students after receiving informed consent. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26 and Chi-square, t-test, and logistic regression (P > 0.05). The current study involved 1890 students (1287 (68.1%) girls and 603 (31.9%) boys). Despite the preference for white flour bread among 53.8% of all students, 77.4% ate other whole-grain products, and 75.2% consumed all products at least once a week. Additionally, barriers such as access issues (70.5%), family supply issues (91.8%), lack appeal (72.8%), non-consumption by classmates (96.2%), and high prices in recent years (43.9%) were identified as obstacles to whole grain consumption. Furthermore, white bread eating students had significantly lower appetite levels and tended to eat fast food more often than those who ate whole grains (P < 0.05). We found that slightly more than half of the participants preferred to eat bread prepared with refined flour. Several other factors, including lack of access, lack of attractiveness, product price, parents not purchasing whole-grain products, students not paying attention to nutrition labels, peers’ effect, and eating with friends instead of family, also contribute to students avoiding whole-grain products.
An Analysis of Right Hemisphere Stroke Discourse in the Modern Cookie Theft Picture
Authors: Berube Shauna K. , Goldberg Emily , Sheppard Shannon M. , Durfee Alexandra Zezinka , Ubellacker Delaney , Walker Alexandra , Stein Colin M. , Hillis Argye E. 
Published: September 2022

Purpose:
Adults with right hemisphere damage demonstrate differences in connected speech compared to controls, but systematic, quantitative methods to capture these differences are lacking. The current study aimed to (a) investigate if measures using the Modern Cookie Theft picture description would identify discourse differences in acute right hemisphere stroke, and (b) examine if discourse differences were associated with documented cognitive impairment.

Method:
Eighty-four participants completed the Modern Cookie Theft picture description within 5 days of right hemisphere stroke. Descriptions were analyzed for multiple microlinguistic characteristics. Medical charts were retrospectively reviewed for documented presence of cognitive impairment.

Results:
Individuals with acute right hemisphere stroke produced fewer content units, total syllables, and lower left–right content unit ratios compared to controls, indicating a paucity of informativeness. Presence of cognitive impairment was associated with fewer content units produced.

Conclusions:
Multiple measures of microlinguistic discourse characteristics differentiated adults with right hemisphere stroke from controls, highlighting variations in both the quantity and quality of connected speech. Findings continue to underscore the contribution and correlation between cognitive skills and discourse performance. Future work is needed to assess the relationship between particular cognitive domains and discourse production as well as to investigate longitudinal changes to discourse production during stroke recovery.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20778541
Hubble Asteroid Hunter
Authors: Garvin Emily O. , Kruk Sandor , Cornen Claude , Bhatawdekar Rachana , Cañameras Raoul , Merín Bruno 
Published: September 2022

Context. The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) archives constitute a rich dataset of high-resolution images to mine for strong gravitational lenses. While many HST programmes specifically target strong lenses, they can also be present by coincidence in other HST observations.
Aims. Our aim is to identify non-targeted strong gravitational lenses, without any prior selection on the lens properties, in almost two decades of images from the ESA HST archive (eHST).
Methods. We used crowdsourcing on the Hubble Asteroid Hunter (HAH) citizen science project to identify strong lenses, along with asteroid trails, in publicly available large field-of-view HST images. We visually inspected 2354 objects tagged by citizen scientists as strong lenses to clean the sample and identify the genuine lenses.
Results. We report the detection of 252 strong gravitational lens candidates, which were not the primary targets of the HST observations. A total of 198 of them are new, not previously reported by other studies, consisting of 45 A grades, 74 B grades and 79 C grades. The majority are galaxy-galaxy configurations. The newly detected lenses are, on average, 1.3 magnitudes fainter than previous HST searches. This sample of strong lenses with high-resolution HST imaging is ideal to follow up with spectroscopy for lens modelling and scientific analyses.
Conclusions. This paper presents the unbiased search of lenses that enabled us to find a wide variety of lens configurations, including exotic lenses. We demonstrate the power of crowdsourcing in visually identifying strong lenses and the benefits of exploring large archival datasets. This study shows the potential of using crowdsourcing in combination with artificial intelligence for the detection and validation of strong lenses in future large-scale surveys such as ESA’s Euclid mission or in James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) archival images.