bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agroecological potential of winter soft wheat varieties for Middle Volga region conditions
Authors: Gryazeva V I , Kasynkina M , Kudin S M , Sigov N I 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Ecological plasticity and stability in productivity of seven varieties of winter soft wheat were studied in 2020-2021. As a result of the study it was found that on average for 2 years the most productive varieties were Grom, Surava and Biryuza with yields of 60.5, 48.5 and 46.5 dt/ha, respectively. Moisture and protein content in all the varieties studied were within the optimum limits. The environment index showed that growing conditions were worse in 2021 (Ij = -12.8) than in 2020 (Ij = 12.9). The varieties Grom, Biryuza and Krastal were the most plastic (bi - 1.3; 1.53; 1.41, respectively). These varieties should be cultivated according to intensive technology. The yields of these varieties on improved growing conditions are high. The value of the linear regression coefficient for the variety Povolzhskaya Niva is practically zero (bi = 0.01). This variety does not respond to changes in growing conditions. In varieties Skipetr, Doneko and Surava the linear regression coefficient approached 1. These varieties respond to improved growing conditions. The calculation of the ecological plasticity index showed that the varieties Grom, Surava and Biryuza are also ecologically plastic. The Povolzhskaya Niva and Doneco varieties were found to be the most stable. Their standard deviation (σd2) was 0.004. In the other varieties it was between 0.01 and 0.8. The most unstable variety was Krastal. The standard deviation (σd2) was 1.1.
Meat performance and metabolism of broiler ducklings on diets with different protein levels
Authors: Pogosyan D G , Tyurdenev R N , Varlamova E N , Zueva E A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
When feeding broiler ducklings of the Agidel 343 breed, the most optimal raw protein level in the pre-start (0-10 days old), start (11-21 days old) mixed fodder of the first phase of fattening can be considered 22 and 21% and the second phase 21% (22-49 days old). It was found that at the end of fattening with increasing the protein level in mixed fodder of the second phase from 17 to 19 and 21%: increase in live weight of young ducklings by 4.5-8.8%; decrease in feed expenses per 1 kg of live weight gain of ducklings by 4.4-9.5%; increase in preservation of young animals by 5.3%; stimulation of protein and carbohydrate exchange in ducklings body by increasing total protein content in blood serum by 3.1-9.2% and glucose by 5.5-8.5%; improvement in nitrogen exchange by increasing total nitrogen absorbed in body by 6.8-18.7%; increasing slaughter yield from 68 to 68.5-69.8%, increasing muscle yield from 46.7 to 47.5-49.1% and edible body parts from 55.7 to 56.2-58.0%; increasing European fattening efficiency from 233 to 277 and 300 units and increasing economic efficiency by increasing the profitability of duck meat production from 29.2 to 39.1-41.4%.
Agroeconomic efficiency of chemical ameliorants new forms for potato cultivation
Authors: Akanova N I , Kozlova A V , Fedotova L S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Applying granulated AgroMag to the soil in doses of 100-200 kg/ha annually and foliar treatment with AgroMag AktiMax during the growing season in combination with NPK-fertilizers with a predominance of potassium (N:P:K = 1:1-1.3:1.3-1.5) provides a significant increase in potato yields, a decrease in tuber morbidity common scab, improving the quality of products and increasing the fertility of acidic sod-podzolic soils.
Development of a biscuit semi-finished diabetic purpose recipe
Authors: Marinina E A , Volkova E M , Levchuk O A , Sadigova M K , Galiullin A A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The current research deals with the possibility of using flour from the efficient variety of light grain rye in the recipe for a biscuit semi-finished product, which makes it possible to obtain products with good consumer properties, and replacing sugar with powder from sugar beet roots and the introduction of corn starch makes it possible to recommend it for diabetic nutrition. In prototypes, a mixture of light grain rye and corn starch flour in various ratios of 90:10 and 50:50. Flour from light grain rye has good foaming properties, reduces the sugar content of products to 38%, therefore, the calorie content increases the nutritional value of products.
Problems of state regulation of peasant (farmer) households
Authors: Chuvorkina T N , Kadykova O F , Alenin P G , Porfiriev D N 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The current legislation regulating the activities of peasant (farmer) households in the Russian Federation is contradictory. Analysis of legal sources on the problem under study allowed to identify the shortcomings of the legislation associated with the duality of the legal status of peasant (farmer) households. The analyzed system of legal support for peasant (farmer) households activities on the federal level. As a result of the analysis of state legal acts, regulating relations associated with the activities of peasant (farmer) households identified the main areas of improvement legal framework for this sphere of legislation.
Russian agritourism: ways of development and generating income
Authors: Mironkina A Yu , Kharitonov S S , Podkovyrov I Yu , Zueva V Yu , Streltsova V A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The subject of the research is agrarian tourism. The object of the current research is the farms of Russia. Methods of systemic and comparative analysis were used. As a result of scientific research, the following result was obtained. The preconditions for the development of agritourism in Western Europe are considered. Experience analyzed development of agricultural tourism in the regions of Russia: Kaliningrad region, Krasnodar Territory, Altai Republic, Altai Territory, Leningrad region, Kaluga region, Yaroslavl region. Agritourism considered as a way to generate income. The main advantages of Russian agritourism include: low competition, low threshold for entering the market, minimal risks, the ability to expand business, growing demand, the ability to engage in agribusiness in any region of Russia. The analysis showed that the experience of European countries and some regions of Russia indicates that the transition of farmers from the traditional area of agricultural production to a new area of tourist services occurs in a difficult economic period and, accordingly, the period of a pandemic is a powerful impetus for the active development of Russian agritourism.
Comparative biochemical analysis of biotech cotton variety Porloq-4
Authors: Mamatkulova Sh Kh , Kamburova V S , Latypova E A , Mamatkulova G F , Boryaev G.I. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Currently, the number of biotech plant varieties used in agriculture is increasing, which raises its efficiency. However, according to international requirements related to the development and application of biotechnology in science and production, the safety of the release of biotechnological varieties is considered. One of the key parameters for assessing the safety of genetically modified varieties is the assessment of significant equivalence, i.e. comparative biochemical assessment of genetically modified organisms (GMO). In this regard, the article provides information about the comparative assessment of key biochemical parameters for the Porloq-4 cotton variety, created by RNA interference of the phytochrome A1 gene. The research results have shown that the biotech cotton variety Porloq-4 is an equivalent analogue in terms of essential characteristics.
Photoinduced dynamic tailoring of near-field coupled terahertz metasurfaces and its effect on Coulomb parameters
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Gupta Manoj , Srivastava Yogesh Kumar , Devi Koijam Monika , Kumar Ranjan , Roy Chowdhury Dibakar 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn modern-day photonic integrated circuits, near-field Coulomb interaction plays an important role in device performance. In fact, harvesting the Coulomb effect intelligently can immensely help to realize advanced photonic devices on micro and nano length scales. In this context, electrically coupled terahertz metasurfaces are investigated for weak and strong near-field coupling regimes under the influence of variable photoexcitation. Our study demonstrates active tuning of metasurface resonances at relatively low pump powers (up to 10 mW (pump fluence of 12.7µJ cm−2) and 20 mW (pump fluence of 25.4µJ cm−2) for strong and weak near-field coupling regimes, respectively). We attribute photoinduced modifications of substrate electronic properties along with modifications of near-field interactions to be responsible for the resonance modulations. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the Coulomb effect parameter can be dynamically tunable with variable pump power. Our study reveals that the change in Coulomb parameter is more pronounced for the weak near-field coupling regime (more than six times enhancement in Coulomb parameter) in comparison to the strong near-field coupling regime. In addition, the optical switching of the fundamental resonance is validated utilizing numerically simulated patterns of surface current and electric field. We envisage that such active modulation of Coulomb effects in near-field coupled metasurfaces can lead to the realization of dynamically tunable terahertz metaphotonic devices.
Moderators of the Effects of mySmartSkin, a Web-Based Intervention to Promote Skin Self-examination and Sun Protection Among Individuals Diagnosed With Melanoma
Authors: Manne Sharon , Heckman Carolyn J , Kashy Deborah , Ritterband Lee , Thorndike Frances , Lozada Carolina , Coups Elliot J 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Identifying the characteristics of persons who benefit more from behavioral interventions can help health care providers decide which individuals should be offered particular interventions because this is the subgroup of persons who are more likely to derive greater benefit from the intervention and refine the underlying constructs of the model guiding the intervention.

Purpose
This study evaluated possible demographic, medical, knowledge and attitudinal, and psychosocial variables that may moderate the impact of an online intervention, called mySmartSkin (MSS), on engagement in skin self-examination (SSE) and sun protection behaviors among melanoma survivors.

Methods
Participants completed a baseline survey and were then randomized to the MSS condition or usual care. Follow-up surveys were completed by participants at 8-, 24-, and 48-week postrandomization.

Results
A greater impact of MSS on SSE was illustrated among participants with more phenotypic skin cancer risk factors and participants reporting lower baseline self-efficacy in conducting SSE. A more favorable response of MSS on sun protection behaviors was shown when initial knowledge about abnormal lesions and sun protection barriers were high. Greater use of MSS and more favorable evaluations of it were also associated with higher intervention response.

Conclusions
Future studies seeking to improve SSE and sun protection among melanoma survivors might benefit from focusing on survivors who report more skin cancer risk factors, lower self-efficacy in conducting SSE, less knowledge about what abnormal skin lesions look like, more perceived barriers to sun protection behaviors, and less worry about recurrence and cancer-related distress.
Molecular barcoding reveals unexpected diversity in eastern North American stitchworts (Caryophyllaceae)
Authors: Schilling Edward E , Floden Aaron J , Weakley Alan S , Winder Charles , Small Randall L 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Generic delimitation in Caryophyllaceae has been challenging and has been informed most recently by use of molecular phylogenetic data. In this study, analysis of 29 samples from the small segregate Mononeuria using nuclear ITS and plastid rps16 data revealed it to be polyphyletic. The type species, (M. patula) and two other species (M. muscorum and M. paludicola) were shown to belong to the Sabulina clade. The remaining species formed a clade that also included the previously monotypic Geocarpon and was sister to a heterogeneous group that included the Hawaiian Schiedea and three other monotypic genera, Honckenya, Wilhelmsia and Triplateia. Although several nomenclatural options are available, we propose to place the species from this clade into a single genus, Geocarpon, which basically follows the most recent treatment after exclusion of Sabulina spp., but with the necessary new genus placements. New combinations are proposed: Sabulina muscorum; Sabulina paludicola; Geocarpon carolinianum; Geocarpon cumberlandensis; Geocarpon glabrum; Geocarpon groendlandicum; Geocarpon nuttallii and Geocarpon uniflorum. Analysis of the sequence data revealed remarkable variability among populations of Sabulina patula (formerly Mononeuria patula), Sabulina paludicola (formerly Mononeuria paludicola) and Geocarpon groenlandicum (formerly Mononeuria groenlandica), suggesting that cryptic species may be present. The data also suggested that broader sampling of Sabulina and Geocarpon could lead to increased understanding of the timing and origins of occupation of calcareous glades and rock outcrop habitats in eastern North America.
Targeting immunometabolism in host-directed therapies to fungal disease
Authors: Gonçalves Samuel M , Ferreira Anaísa V , Cunha Cristina , Carvalho Agostinho 
Published: January 2022

Summary
Fungal infections affect over a billion people and are responsible for more than 1.5 million deaths each year. Despite progress in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, the management of severe fungal infections remains a challenge. Recently, the reprogramming of cellular metabolism has emerged as a central mechanism through which the effector functions of immune cells are supported to promote antifungal activity. An improved understanding of the immunometabolic signatures that orchestrate antifungal immunity, together with the dissection of the mechanisms that underlie heterogeneity in individual immune responses, may therefore unveil new targets amenable to adjunctive host-directed therapies. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the metabolic regulation of host–fungus interactions and antifungal immune responses, and outline targetable pathways and mechanisms with promising therapeutic potential.
Relevant factors of leg strength at hospital discharge in patients hospitalized due to acute decompensated heart failure: multi-institutional prospective observational study
Authors: Nemoto Shinji , Kasahara Yusuke , Izawa Kazuhiro P , Watanabe Satoshi , Yoshizawa Kazuya , Takeichi Naoya , Akao Keigo , Watanabe Sato , Mizukoshi Kei , Suzuki Norio , Ashikaga Kohei , Kida Keisuke , Osada Naohiko , Akashi Yoshihiro J 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Lower leg strength at hospital discharge is strongly associated with poor prognosis in older patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Improving leg strength is important in acute-phase cardiac rehabilitation (CR).

Aims
This study aimed to clarify whether a change in leg strength occurs during hospitalization of older ADHF patients receiving CR and whether it affects leg strength at discharge.

Methods and results
We enrolled 247 ADHF patients who underwent CR during hospitalization. They were divided into the non-older patient group (&lt;75 years; n = 142) and older patient group (≥75 years; n = 105). Quadriceps isometric strength (QIS), body mass-corrected QIS (%BM QIS), and change in QIS during hospitalization (QIS ratio) were evaluated in all patients. Physical function in the stable phase was measured by the Performance Measure for Activities of Daily Living-8 (PMADL-8). The QIS value increased during hospitalization in the non-older patient group (30.0 ± 11.1 vs. 31.6 ± 10.9 kgf, P &lt; 0.001) but did not increase in the older patient group (19.1 ± 6.3 vs. 19.5 ± 6.1 kgf, P = 0.275). Multiple regression analysis revealed that PMADL-8 significantly predicted %BM QIS at discharge in the non-older patient group (β = −0.254, P = 0.004), whereas in the older patient group, QIS ratio and PMADL-8 significantly predicted %BM QIS at discharge (β = 0.264, P = 0.008 for QIS ratio and β = −0.307, P = 0.003 for PMADL-8).

Conclusions
Leg strength was not improved in older ADHF patients during hospitalization even if they received CR, and this affected leg strength at discharge, suggesting that careful skeletal muscle intervention should be provided during hospitalization, and patients need to continue exercise after discharge.
Free-Living Gait Cadence Measured by Wearable Accelerometer: A Promising Alternative to Traditional Measures of Mobility for Assessing Fall Risk
Authors: Urbanek Jacek K , Roth David L , Karas Marta , Wanigatunga Amal A , Mitchell Christine M , Juraschek Stephen P , Cai Yurun , Appel Lawrence J , Schrack Jennifer A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Wearable devices have become widespread in research applications, yet evidence on whether they are superior to structured clinic-based assessments is sparse. In this manuscript, we compare traditional, laboratory-based metrics of mobility with a novel accelerometry-based measure of free-living gait cadence for predicting fall rates.

Methods
Using negative binomial regression, we compared traditional in-clinic measures of mobility (6-minute gait cadence, speed, and distance, and 4-m gait speed) with free-living gait cadence from wearable accelerometers in predicting fall rates. Accelerometry data were collected with wrist-worn Actigraphs (GT9X) over 7 days in 432 community-dwelling older adults (aged 77.29 ± 5.46 years, 59.1% men, 80.2% White) participating in the Study to Understand Fall Reduction and Vitamin D in You. Falls were ascertained using monthly calendars, quarterly contacts, and ad hoc telephone reports. Accelerometry-based free-living gait cadence was estimated with the Adaptive Empirical Pattern Transformation algorithm.

Results
Across all participants, free-living cadence was significantly related to fall rates; every 10 steps per minute higher cadence was associated with a 13.2% lower fall rate (p = .036). Clinic-based measures of mobility were not related to falls (p &gt; .05). Among higher-functioning participants (cadence ≥100 steps/minute), every 10 steps per minute higher free-living cadence was associated with a 27.7% lower fall rate (p = .01). In participants with slow baseline gait (gait speed &lt;0.8 m/s), all metrics were significantly associated with fall rates.

Conclusion
Data collected from biosensors in the free-living environment may provide a more sensitive indicator of fall risk than in-clinic tests, especially among higher-functioning older adults who may be more responsive to intervention.

Clinical Trial Registration
NCT02166333
Galactinol synthase 1 improves cucumber performance under cold stress by enhancing assimilate translocation
Authors: Dai Haibo , Zhu Zihui , Wang Zhenguang , Zhang Zhiping , Kong Weiwen , Miao Minmin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) predominantly translocates raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) in the phloem and accumulates RFOs in leaves. Galactinol synthase (GolS) catalyzes the critical step of RFO biosynthesis, and determining the functional diversity of multiple GolS isoforms in cucumber is of scientific significance. In this study, we found that all four isoforms of CsGolS in the cucumber genome were upregulated by different abiotic stresses. β-Glucuronidase staining and tissue separation experiments suggested that CsGolS1 is expressed in vascular tissues, whereas the other three CsGolSs are located in mesophyll cells. Further investigation indicates that CsGolS1 plays double roles in both assimilate loading and stress response in minor veins, which could increase the RFO concentration in the phloem sap and then improve assimilate transport under adverse conditions. Cold-induced minor vein-specific overexpression of CsGolS1 enhanced the assimilate translocation efficiency and accelerated the growth rates of sink leaves, fruits, and whole plants under cold stress. Finally, our results demonstrate a previously unknown response to adverse environments and provide a potential biotechnological strategy to improve the stress resistance of cucumber.
Targeted creation of new mutants with compact plant architecture using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing by an optimized genetic transformation procedure in cucurbit plants
Authors: Xin Tongxu , Tian Haojie , Ma Yalin , Wang Shenhao , Yang Li , Li Xutong , Zhang Mengzhuo , Chen Chen , Wang Huaisong , Li Haizhen , Xu Jieting , Huang Sanwen , Yang Xueyong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Fruits and vegetables in the Cucurbitaceae family, such as cucumber, melon, watermelon, and squash, contribute greatly to the human diet. The widespread use of genome editing technologies has greatly accelerated gene functional characterization and crop improvement. However, most economically important cucurbit plants, including melon and squash, remain recalcitrant to standard Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, limiting the effective use of genome editing technology. In this study, we used an “optimal infiltration intensity” strategy to establish an efficient genetic transformation system for melon and squash. We harnessed the power of this method to target homologs of the ERECTA family of receptor kinase genes and created alleles that resulted in a compact plant architecture with shorter internodes in melon, squash, and cucumber. The optimized transformation method presented here enables stable CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis and provides a solid foundation for functional gene manipulation in cucurbit crops.
Population-Based Newborn Screening for Germline TP53 Variants: Clinical Benefits, Cost-Effectiveness, and Value of Further Research
Authors: Kunst Natalia , Stout Natasha K , O’Brien Grace , Christensen Kurt D , McMahon Pamela M , Wu Ann Chen , Diller Lisa R , Yeh Jennifer M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Identification of children and infants with Li-Fraumeni syndrome prompts tumor surveillance and allows potential early cancer detection. We assessed the clinical benefits and cost-effectiveness of population-wide newborn screening for TP53 variants (TP53-NBS).

Methods
We simulated the impact of TP53-NBS using data regarding TP53-associated pediatric cancers and pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P/LP) TP53 variants from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results; ClinVar and gnomAD; and clinical studies. We simulated an annual US birth cohort under usual care and TP53-NBS and estimated clinical benefits, life-years, and costs associated with usual care and TP53-NBS.

Results
Under usual care, of 4 million newborns, 608 (uncertainty interval [UI] = 581-636) individuals would develop TP53-associated cancers before age 20 years. Under TP53-NBS, 894 individuals would have P/LP TP53 variants detected. These individuals would undergo routine surveillance after detection of P/LP TP53 variants decreasing the number of cancer-related deaths by 7.2% (UI = 4.0%-12.1%) overall via early malignancy detection. Compared with usual care, TP53-NBS had an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $106 009 per life-year gained. Probabilistic analysis estimated a 40% probability that TP53-NBS would be cost-effective given a $100 000 per life-year gained willingness-to-pay threshold. Using this threshold, a value of information analysis found that additional research on the prevalence of TP53 variants among rhabdomyosarcoma cases would resolve most of the decision uncertainty, resulting in an expected benefit of 349 life-years gained (or $36.6 million).

Conclusions
We found that TP53-NBS could be cost-effective; however, our findings suggest that further research is needed to reduce the uncertainty in the potential health outcomes and costs associated with TP53-NBS.