bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dermoscopic evaluation of the efficacy of combination of topical spironolactone 5% and minoxidil 5% solutions in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia: A cross sectional‐comparative study
Authors: Ammar Amr M. , Elshahid Ahmed R. , Abdel‐Dayem Hamdy A. , Mohamed Ahmed A. , Elsaie Mohamed L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAndrogenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common chronic dermatological illness that affects both men and women.AimTo assess and compare dermoscopically the impact of a combination of topical minoxidil solution (5%) and topical spironolactone solution (5%) in treating AGA in both sexes.Patients and MethodsOne hundred and twenty patients diagnosed with AGA were divided into three groups; each group is composed of 40 patients. Group A (n = 40) were treated with a 5% topical minoxidil solution, group B (n = 40) were treated with a 5% topical spironolactone solution, and group C (n = 40) were treated with a 5% topical minoxidil and spironolactone combination.ResultsFollowing the initiation of treatment and at 6 weeks (midterm), reduction in all dermoscopic features was observed in all groups; however, it was not statistically significant except for vellus hair reduction (p = 0.033). On the contrary, upright regrowing hairs were insignificantly increased in all groups (p = 1.088). The pattern of dermoscopic features remained to insignificantly decrease toward the end of 12 weeks treatment (full term) in all studied groups except for vellus hair that showed further significant reduction toward the end of the study (p = 0.011).ConclusionBoth spironolactone as a 5% topical solution and minoxidil as a 5% topical solution might be used safely in a twice‐daily dosage to treat AGA in both genders. Furthermore, combining them in a single topical dose form can boost efficacy and yield greater advantages.
A popularization of curation service for dermatological condition in Republic of Korea
Authors: Park Eunjeong , Kwon Ki Han 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundConsumer and advanced consumption culture in modern society is an era that focuses on individual personality and value, and “my own customized products”, or customized marketing strategies, are actively being developed throughout the industry. Recently, IT technologies that can support personalized services such as artificial intelligence, ubiquitous systems, and marketing automation have been recognized for their potential, directly or indirectly affecting distribution industries affected by personal consumption culture. Accordingly, customized products or services, i.e., customization, are attracting attention as an effective methodology to cope with such market changes.ObjectivesAmong the necessities used by modern women, cosmetics account for an endless interest in beauty and maintaining physical and mental health, and as the cosmetics market expands, it is considered that the cosmetics industry needs a clearer and in‐depth study on the cosmetics submarket to satisfy consumers' diverse needs.MethodsThis review paper is a literature review, and a narrative review approach has been used for this study. A total of 300 to 400 references were selected using representative journal search websites such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, ResearchGate, LitCovid, DBPia, and RISS, of which a total of 42 papers were selected in the final stage based on 2013 to 2022 using PRISMA flow diagram.ResultsThis study suggested to indicate the changes in the cosmetics market due to the emergence of cosmetics curation services after the coronavirus disease‐19 pandemic, advanced changes in consumer purchase patterns following the 4th Industrial Revolution, and significant future prospects of cosmetics curation services.ConclusionAs the beauty and cosmetology industry is expected to develop in the future, it will grow as a centerpiece of the beauty industry and symbolizes nationalized cultural pride. Therefore, this review article will be continuing to promote customization as a premium beauty service for dermatological condition in Republic of Korea through corporate analysis.
Frequency of nurse‐provided spiritual care: An international comparison
Authors: Taylor Elizabeth Johnston , Pariñas Sabina , Mamier Iris , Atarhim Mohd Arif , Angeles Leonardo , Aslan Hakime , Aktürk Ümmühan , Ercİ Behice , Soriano Gil , Sinaga Juniarta , Chen Yi‐Heng , Merati‐Fashi Fatemeh , Odonel Girlie , Neathery Melissa , Permatasari Winda , Ricci‐Allegra Patricia , Foith Joanne , Caldeira Silvia , Dehom Salem 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesTo compare the frequency of nurse‐provided spiritual care across diverse cultures.BackgroundGiven an ethical imperative to respect patient spirituality and religiosity, nurses are increasingly taught and expected to provide spiritual care. Although nurses report positive attitudes toward spiritual care, they typically self‐report providing it infrequently. Evidence about the reported frequency of spiritual care is constrained by substantial variation in its measurement.DesignThis cross‐sectional, descriptive study involved secondary analysis of data collected in multiple sites globally using one quantitative instrument.MethodsData were collected from practicing nurses using the Nurse Spiritual Care Therapeutics Scale and analysed using descriptive statistics and a meta‐analysis procedure with random‐effect modelling. Datasets from 16 studies completed in Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Philippines, Portugal, Taiwan, Turkey and the United States contributed to a pooled sample (n = 4062). STROBE guidelines for cross‐sectional observational studies were observed.ResultsSpiritual care varied between countries and within countries. It was slightly more frequent within Islamic cultures compared with predominantly Christian cultures. Likewise, frequency of spiritual care differed between nurses in palliative care, predominantly hospital/inpatient settings, and skilled nursing homes. Overall, “Remaining present…” was the most frequent therapeutic, whereas documenting spiritual care and making arrangements for the patient's clergy or a chaplain to visit were among the most infrequent therapeutics.ConclusionsIn widely varying degrees of frequency, nurses around the world provide care that is cognisant of the spiritual and religious responses to living with health challenges. Future research should be designed to adjust for the multiple factors that may contribute to nurses providing spiritual care.Relevance to clinical practiceFindings offer a benchmark and begin to inform nurse leaders about what may be normative in practice. They also encourage nurses providing direct patient care that they are not alone and inform educators about what instruction future nurses require.
Economic effects of recent experiences of federalism: Analysis of the regionalization process in Spain
Authors: Mora‐Sanguinetti Juan S. , Spruk Rok 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSetting limits on government action is critical to economic development. Some forms of government organization, such as market‐preserving federalism, seem effective to protect property rights in the long term with good results for economic efficiency. Spain endowed its regions with “Statutes of Autonomy” in the 1980s thus moving from a centralized to a decentralized form of government. It renewed and expanded some of the statutes in the 2000s. This article investigates whether these two waves of regionalization, which had their own characteristics in each region, had led to positive effects on economic performance. Using a novel autonomous region/country‐matched balanced sample for the period 1950–2016, we apply the synthetic control method and compare the economic growth trajectories of Spanish regions with their synthetic control groups not affected by the regionalization process. We show that the first wave of “Statutes of Autonomy” had a positive but temporary economic growth impact. By contrast, the second wave of regionalization of the 2000s is associated with a negative growth impact.
Breeding bird population trends during 2013–2019 inside and outside of European badger control areas in England
Authors: Ward C. V. , Heydon M. , Lakin I. , Sullivan A. J. , Siriwardena G. M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSince 2013, the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) has licenced culling of European badger (Meles meles) populations in several English regions. In the first 7 years, more than 100 000 badgers have been removed. It is critical to evaluate the ecological impact of severely depressing the population of a widespread predator from large areas of the country, such as effects on breeding bird populations. Citizen science survey data on the abundance of breeding birds supports the estimation of population trends, i.e. whether species are exhibiting population growth or declines, and the effects of potential environmental influences, such as badger removal, on these trends. Here, these survey data are used together with data on the presence and amount of culling in an area to explore whether removing badgers has an effect on breeding bird populations both inside and outside culling zones from 2013–2019. This is not equivalent to a controlled trial, but collects critical, landscape‐scale evidence in real‐world conditions. In analyses evaluating the effect of culling presence, 18 of 55 bird species showed significant or near‐significant growth rate changes. Of these, four species had higher growth rates and 14 exhibited lower growth rates in cull areas, compared to areas outside of the culling zones. When using culling intensity data to assess the impact on growth rates, 10 of 55 species showed significant or near‐significant results, with only one species exhibiting a higher population growth rate in the presence of more intensive culling. Predicted sensitivity to badger effects based on species' ecologies did not predict whether the measured relationships were significant, or their directions, suggesting that other factors underlie the patterns seen. Hence, there was little evidence to indicate consistent, community‐level effects of badger removal on bird populations. Reasons why this predator removal has not affected bird populations are discussed.
Estimating volatility in the Merton model: The KMV estimate is not maximum likelihood
Authors: Christoffersen Benjamin , Lando David , Nielsen Søren Feodor 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe compare two methods for estimating the asset volatility in the Merton model using observed equity prices: maximum likelihood and an iterative method commonly referred to as the KMV method. The two methods often yield extremely similar estimates, which has led to the conjecture that the two methods are equivalent. We show that this is not true and we provide a necessary and sufficient condition that the inverse of the equity pricing function would have to satisfy for the two methods to be equivalent. Moreover, we show numerically that this condition is very close to being true for in‐the‐money options.
Complete metamorphosis and microbiota turnover in insects
Authors: Manthey Christin , Johnston Paul R. , Nakagawa Shinichi , Rolff Jens 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe insects constitute the majority of animal diversity. Most insects are holometabolous: during complete metamorphosis their bodies are radically reorganized. This reorganization poses a significant challenge to the gut microbiota, as the gut is replaced during pupation, a process that does not occur in hemimetabolous insects. In holometabolous hosts, it offers the opportunity to decouple the gut microbiota between the larval and adult life stages resulting in high beta diversity whilst limiting alpha diversity. Here, we studied 18 different herbivorous insect species from five orders of holometabolous and three orders of hemimetabolous insects. Comparing larval and adult specimens, we find a much higher beta‐diversity and hence microbiota turnover in holometabolous insects compared to hemimetabolous insects. Alpha diversity did not differ between holo‐ and hemimetabolous insects nor between developmental stages within these groups. Our results support the idea that pupation offers the opportunity to change the gut microbiota and hence might facilitate ecological niche shifts. This possible effect of niche shift facilitation could explain a selective advantage of the evolution of complete metamorphosis, which is a defining trait of the most speciose insect taxon, the holometabola.
Paired unilateral scapular pits in a neonate
Authors: Kattapuram Meera , Briones Naomi , Mancuso Jennifer 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCongenital skin pits have been observed as a sporadic anatomic variant as well as in association with trauma, maternal infection, genetic syndromes, and metabolic disorders. We present a case of a neonate with paired unilateral scapular pits, which to our knowledge has not yet been reported. Although this is favored to be a benign finding in an otherwise healthy baby, we review important considerations in the clinical evaluation of a neonate with congenital skin pitting.
Motor‐induced oscillations in choice response performance
Authors: Pomper Ulrich , Ansorge Ulrich 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRecently, numerous studies have revealed 4–12 Hz fluctuations of behavioral performance in a multitude of tasks. The majority has utilized stimuli near detection threshold and observed related fluctuations in hit‐rates, attributing these to perceptual or attentional processes. As neural oscillations in the 8–20 Hz range also feature prominently in cortical motor areas, they might cause fluctuations in the ability to induce responses, independent of attentional capabilities. Additionally, different effectors (e.g., the left versus right hand) might be cyclically prioritized in an alternating fashion, similar to the attentional sampling of distinct locations, objects, or memory templates. Here, we investigated these questions via a behavioral dense‐sampling approach. Twenty‐six participants performed a simple visual discrimination task using highly salient stimuli. We varied the interval between each motor response and the subsequent target from 330 to 1040 ms, and analyzed performance as a function of this interval. Our data show significant fluctuations of both RTs and sensitivity between 12.5 and 25 Hz, but no evidence for an alternating prioritization of left‐ versus right‐hand responses. While our results suggest an impact of motor‐related signals on performance oscillations, they might additionally be influenced by perceptual processes earlier in the processing hierarchy. In summary, we demonstrate that behavioral oscillations generalize to situations involving highly salient stimuli, closer to everyday life. Moreover, our work adds to the literature by showing fluctuations at a high speed, which might be a consequence of both low task difficulty and the involvement of sensorimotor rhythms.
Non-Parametric Bayesian Covariate-Dependent Multivariate Functional Clustering: An Application to Time-Series Data for Multiple Air Pollutants
Authors: Yang Daewon , Choi Taeryon , Lavigne Eric , Chung Yeonseung 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAir pollution is a major threat to public health. Understanding the spatial distribution of air pollution concentration is of great interest to government or local authorities, as it informs about target areas for implementing policies for air quality management. Cluster analysis has been popularly used to identify groups of locations with similar profiles of average levels of multiple air pollutants, efficiently summarising the spatial pattern. This study aimed to cluster locations based on the seasonal patterns of multiple air pollutants incorporating the location-specific characteristics such as socio-economic indicators. For this purpose, we proposed a novel non-parametric Bayesian sparse latent factor model for covariate-dependent multivariate functional clustering. Furthermore, we extend this model to conduct clustering with temporal dependency. The proposed methods are illustrated through a simulation study and applied to time-series data for daily mean concentrations of ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) collected for 25 cities in Canada in 1986–2015.
Association of HLA‐DRB1*15:02:01, DQB1*05:01:24 and DPB1*13:01:01 in Thai patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Louthrenoo Worawit , Kasitanon Nuntana , Wongthanee Antika , Okudaira Yuko , Takeuchi Masumi , Nakajima Fumiaki , Habata Miwa , Masuya Anri , Noguchi Hiroshi , Inoko Hidetoshi , Takeuchi Fujio 
Published: August 2022

HLA studies in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) have shown variable results. This study aimed to examine the association of HLA class I and II risk alleles in Thai SSc patients, and clarify the contribution of risk HLA alleles to the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations. Blood samples from 92 SSc patients and 135 healthy controls (HCs) were collected. Eleven loci of the HLA class I (HLA‐A, B, and C) and class II (HLA‐DR, DP, and DQ) genes were determined by a 3‐field (6‐digit) analysis using the Next Generation DNA Sequencing (NGS) method. Anti‐topoisomerase‐I antibodies (ATA) and anti‐centromere antibodies (ACA) were identified by ELISA methods. Allele frequencies (AFs) of HLA‐DRB1*15:02:01, DRB5*01:02:01, DQB1*05:01:24, DPB1*13:01:01, and DQA1*01:01:01 were increased significantly in the whole SSc and SSc patients with positive ATA, but with negative ACA (SSc/ATA+/ACA−). Of these, DPB1*13:01:01 was the most susceptible allele. The DRB1*15:02:01, DQB1:05:01:24, and DPB1*13:01:01 alleles were estimated to locate on the unique haplotype, and haplotype frequency was estimated to be significantly higher than those in the HCs (p = 0.002). The linkage analysis of DRB1*15/16 revealed that most of the DRB1*15:02:01 alleles were linked to DRB5*01:02:01 or DRB5*01:08:01N. The linkage of DRB1*16:02:01 to DRB5*01:01:01 was observed frequently. The associations of risk alleles with several SSc clinical features were observed. HLA‐DRB1*15:02:01, DRB5*01:02:01, DQB1*05:01:24, and DPB1*13:01:01 on the unique haplotype were associated with the pathogenesis and clinical features of SSc in Thai patients. The linkage of DRB1*15:02:01 to DRB5*01:08:01N was observed commonly in northern Thai patients.
Tear film breakup time and Schirmer tear test in normal dogs: Effects of age, sex, reproductive status, skull type, and nasolacrimal duct patency
Authors: Faghihi Houman , Rajaei Seyed Mehdi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to determine the effects of age, sex, reproductive status, skull type, and nasolacrimal duct (NLD) patency on tear production and tear film breakup time (TBUT) in normal dogs.Animals studiedThe ophthalmic data of 82 healthy adult dogs were evaluated in this study.ProceduresAge, sex, breed, and reproductive status were recorded. Schirmer tear test (STT) and TBUT were assessed in all dogs, and interferometry was available for the selected dogs. The Jones test was used to evaluate NLD patency. The cephalic index (CI) was calculated for each dog (skull width/skull length ×100).ResultsMean (SD) values for the STT results for the right (OD) and left (OS) eyes were 20.6 (2.7) and 20.2 (2.7) mm/min, respectively. Mean (SD) TBUT values for OD and OS were 6.5 (2.5) and 6.1 (2.3) mm/min in all dogs, respectively. Sex and reproductive status had no significant effect on STT and TBUT (P[OU] > 0.05). Skull type significantly affected TBUT in both eyes (P(OD) = 0.01, P(OS) = 0.003), but had no effect on STT (P[OU] > 0.3). Age had no correlation with STT and TBUT in either eye (P[OU] > 0.05). STT and TBUT had no correlation in either eye (P[OU] > 0.2). NLD patency had no significant effect on STT or TBUT (P[OU] > 0.1).ConclusionsThe results of this study showed lower TBUT values in brachycephalic breeds than in non‐brachycephalic breeds. A compensatory increase in STT values was observed in dogs with low TBUT values.
Circumferentially Grooved Seal Flow Field Analysis Based on Effective Film Thickness to Improve Bulk Flow Models
Authors: Gibbons Nathaniel , Watson-Kassa Cori , Goyne Christopher , He Minhui 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Bulk flow methods for circumferentially grooved seals use simplified physics models to predict leakage and rotordynamic coefficients efficiently, but uncertainty in empirical quantities like friction factors and loss coefficients leads to limited accuracy. To develop a more fundamental understanding of incompressible grooved seal flow, this study utilizes computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and an effective film thickness, a physical boundary between the jet and recirculating flows, to investigate Reynolds number effects on flow fields and shear stresses. Simulations are run using ansyscfx for a single groove seal model where streamlined analysis produces the effective film thickness. Flow structures, film thicknesses, shear stresses, and net flow expansion into the groove are found to be described completely by the ratio of circumferential to axial Reynolds number and the total resultant Reynolds number. Decreases in leakage with rotor speed are found to be dictated by increased land shear stresses and a decreased role of the groove in inducing pressure drop. An optimal groove aspect ratio between 0.07 and 0.19 is presented based on maximizing expanded film area while retaining a main groove recirculation region. This is the first paper to analyze circumferentially grooved seal flow from an effective film thickness standpoint. The results highlight bulk flow analysis areas where an effective film thickness approach could lead to new, physics-motivated model development and the elimination of particular empirical coefficients, thus providing a foundation on which substantial improvements in bulk flow modeling accuracy can be achieved.
Assessment of Two Harmonic Balance Method-Based Numerical Strategies for Blade-Tip/Casing Interactions: Application to NASA Rotor 67
Authors: Vadcard Thibaut , Colaïtis Yann , Batailly Alain , Thouverez Fabrice 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The study presented in this paper focuses on the analysis of rubbing interactions—including unilateral contact and dry friction—between a rotating fan blade and a rigid casing by frequency domain methods. Two previously published Harmonic Balance Method-based methodologies are assessed: (1) an approach relying on augmented Lagrangians and (2) a second method using a regularized penalty law combined with a Lanczos σ-approximation filter. As a reference point for this comparison, a time-domain numerical strategy relying on a Lagrange multiplier-based contact treatment is considered. All computations are run with the NASA rotor 67 fan blade, an open industrial blade geometry. As it undergoes structural contacts, this blade features an intricate dynamics response, thus making it a challenging case study for nonlinear iterative solvers. The contact scenario is chosen to be an ovalization of the casing with no external forcing. This scenario induces highly nonlinear responses of the blade and complex phenomena such as isolated frequency response curves. The results presented underline a very good agreement of the different strategies with the reference time marching approach. An in-depth comparison is made with an emphasis on nonlinear frequency response curves (NFRC) and time signals. Finally, a physical analysis of the encountered isolas is presented through an in-depth investigation of the main modal contributions for each computed solution. In the end, this paper provides new qualitative elements allowing for a better understanding of rubbing interactions that may not be efficiently obtained with time marching procedures.