bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applications of blockchain for vaccine passport and challenges
Authors: Mishra Vinaytosh 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the applications of blockchain in vaccine passport solution. The world is facing an unprecedented situation because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Many countries have witnessed sporadic lockdown and travel restrictions and it has marred trade and tourism. As the mass vaccination has started the life is slowly and steadily returning to true normal. Various countries are issuing vaccination passports to manage the immunization information and validate it. To realize vaccine-passport’s true potential, security and privacy concerns should be being taken care of. There is a need for studies to evaluate the emerging technology for the vaccine passport.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods to achieve its objective. This study uses a systematic literature review to analyze the potential of blockchain for vaccine passports. The case study of three different types of organizations implementing blockchain for vaccine passports was analyzed and results were presented. Last but not least, focus group discussion and search of secondary literature was to done to identify scientific, ethical and legal challenges associated with the use of vaccine passports. The method used for calculating the importance score of these challenges was analytical hierarchy process.FindingsThis study concludes that blockchain-based solutions are very suitable for vaccine passports and addresses the concern related to interoperability, privacy and security. The case study approach was used to elaborate the use of blockchain in three different options available for the vaccine. Last but not least, this study identifies the challenges faced by vaccine passport programs and suggests measures to overcome them. This study concludes that the ethical challenges associated with vaccine passports are more important and should be preferentially treated.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is timely and will be he lpful for policymakers in designing the vaccine passport programs. It gives valuable insight to decision-makers evaluating technologies for the development of vaccine passport programs. This study identifies nine challenges to be tackled to making a vaccine passport program successful.Originality/valueTo the best of the author’s knowledge, this study is not able to find out a review on the use of blockchain technology for vaccine passports, and this study attempts to fill this gap. This study further discusses the cases of organizations that have implemented blockchain technology for vaccine passport programs.
The role of emotional intelligence on the performance of real estate agents in Prishtina, Kosovo
Authors: Hoxha Visar , Zeqiraj Emblema 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to explore the effect of emotional intelligence (EI) on the performance of real estate agents in Prishtina, Kosovo. The study also investigated the relationship of each dimension of emotional intelligence with the real estate agent's performance (REAP) in Prishtina, which is the city with the largest number of real estate agents in Kosovo.Design/methodology/approachThe present study used quantitative research with the questionnaire used as a research instrument. The questionnaire survey was conducted with 78 real estate agents in Prishtina, Kosovo. The sampling method used in this research was random sampling.FindingsThe findings of this study indicated that emotional intelligence has a significant impact on the job performance of real estate agents. The study also found that relationship management (RM) and social awareness (SOA) have a strong effect on real estate agents' performance, whereas self-awareness (SA) does not seem to have any statistically significant explanatory power over REAP.Research limitations/implicationsThis study can be utilized as a landmark for agents of real estate on understanding how the agents can use emotional intelligence in agents' favor by pointing out the prominence of EI in realizing the needs and desires of the potential buyers and the influence EI has on the decision to buy property. Furthermore, through this study, the real estate agencies will be provided with multiple reasons that substantiate the necessity to hire emotionally trained agents, and besides professional preparation, the companies must provide employees with behavioral training.Originality/valueThe present study is the first quantification of the impact of emotional intelligence and dimensions of emotional intelligence on the performance of Prishtina's real estate agents.
Why consumers behaved impulsively during COVID-19 pandemic?
Authors: Anas Mohammad , Khan Mohammed Naved , Rahman Obaidur , Uddin S. M. Fatah 
Published: March 2022

Purpose During coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, owing to several reasons, consumers behaved impulsively while shopping. Impulse buying has led to a distortion in the availability of various items in the stores. This study aims to explore the factors affecting the impulse buying behavior of consumers during a pandemic like COVID-19 in India.Design/methodology/approachUsing an online questionnaire, 304 Indian consumers were surveyed using a convenience sampling technique. Proposed hypotheses and model were analyzed using structural equation modeling.Findings The study confirmed that fear and resource availability are the most significant factors affecting consumer’s impulse buying behavior during a pandemic. The findings suggest that retailers can minimize the consumer’s fear and manage impulse buying to their advantage by providing better resources to their patrons while they shop.Originality/value During the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, in the context of businesses, it is being observed that the purchase preferences of consumers have become chaotic and significant swings are visible in their shopping behavior. Thus, the study is an attempt to shed light on the factors that affect consumer impulse buying behavior in such disruptive settings.
Deep learning unflooding for robust subsalt waveform inversion
Authors: Alali Abdullah , Kazei Vladimir , Kalita Mahesh , Alkhalifah Tariq 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTFull‐waveform inversion, a popular technique that promises high‐resolution models, has helped in improving the salt definition in inverted velocity models. The success of the inversion relies heavily on having prior knowledge of the salt, and using advanced acquisition technology with long offsets and low frequencies. Salt bodies are often constructed by recursively picking the top and bottom of the salt from seismic images corresponding to tomography models, combined with flooding techniques. The process is time consuming and highly prone to error, especially in picking the bottom of the salt. Many studies suggest performing full‐waveform inversion with long offsets and low frequencies after constructing the salt bodies to correct the misinterpreted boundaries. Here, we focus on detecting the bottom of the salt automatically by utilizing deep learning tools. We specifically generate many random one‐dimensional models, containing or free of salt bodies, and calculate the corresponding shot gathers. We then apply full‐waveform inversion starting with salt flooded versions of those models, and the results of the full‐waveform inversion become inputs to the neural network, whereas the corresponding true one‐dimensional models are the output. The network is trained in a regression manner to detect the bottom of the salt and estimate the subsalt velocity. We analyse three scenarios in creating the training datasets and test their performance on the two‐dimensional BP 2004 salt model. We show that when the network succeeds in estimating the subsalt velocity, the requirement of low frequencies and long offsets are somewhat mitigated. In general, this work allows us to merge the top‐to‐bottom approach with full‐waveform inversion, save the bottom of the salt picking time and empower full‐waveform inversion to converge in the absence of low frequencies and long offsets in the data.
An autoethnographic exploration of a lone‐mother trainee systemic therapist
Authors: Beazley Pippa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn the UK, in 2019, there were 2.9 million lone‐parent families, a family with children that is headed by one parent; ~90% of lone‐parents are mothers. I am one of them. Using a social constructionist approach, I look inward at my self and back outward at social‐cultural context in response to my observations, within systemic practice and training, of possible privileging of a dominant social discourse of family—a father, a mother and children—that positions lone‐mothers as other. My experiences in vignettes, my data, are analysed using a daisy model. Emergent salient themes are discussed. The findings hopefully prompt an elicitation of responses and resonances that will act as impetus for necessary future dialogue within systemic practice and inquiry.
Edible oleogels as solid fat alternatives: Composition and oleogelation mechanism implications
Authors: Li Linlin , Liu Guoqin , Bogojevic Oliver , Pedersen Jacob Nedergaard , Guo Zheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe growing awareness of the adverse health effects of trans‐fats and saturated fats are driving researchers to seek healthy alternatives. A promising strategy to structure liquid oil, called oleogelation, has been a subject of great interest. In the development of oleogels, highly unsaturated oils can be structured through different gelation mechanisms by varying structuring agents (e.g., polymeric or low molecular weight oleogelators). Due to their potential to reduce saturated fat in food products while also providing solid texture without changing the oil's chemical composition and nutritional values, oleogels have been introduced into various products (meat, spread, and confectionary) as alternatives to traditional solid fats. However, the shortcomings of oleogels cannot be ignored, such as the softer texture and the poorer plasticity than traditional solid fat. As the physicochemical properties and functionalities of oleogels are highly dependent on their composition and structuring mechanism, it is possible to obtain a product with desirable functionality by choosing a suitable oleogelator or oil phase. Thus, comprehensive and detailed knowledge regarding the role of oleoglarors, oil phase, and oleogelation mechanism on oleogelation is needed. This review primarily focuses on published information within the last decades addressing how the composition and oleogelation mechanism affect the structure and functionality of oleogels and oleogel‐based products. The factors affecting the oil gelation are summarized concerning three aspects: (i) oleogelator (chemical composition and molecular structure); (ii) oil phase (TAG composition and minor component); and (iii) oleogelation mechanism. Finally, the future perspectives toward oleogels are highlighted. This review aims to deepen the understanding of oleogelation and the rational design of oleogel‐based products.
An overview of structure engineering to tailor the functionality of monoglyceride oleogels
Authors: Palla Camila A. , Dominguez Martina , Carrín María Elena 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMonoglyceride (MG)‐based oleogelation is an effective strategy to create soft matter structures with the functionality of fats, but with a nutritional profile similar to edible oils. MG oleogels are mainly studied to replace or reduce trans and saturated fats as well as to develop novel products with improved physical and organoleptic properties. The process consists of direct dispersion of MGs into the oil at temperatures above the melting point. This is followed by a cooling period in which the gelator network is formed, entrapping the oil in a crystalline structure. MG composition and concentration, oil type, process temperatures, stirring speed, shear rate during cooling, and storage time play a role in the kinetics of MG crystallization within an MG–oil system, which leads to the formation of lipid materials with different properties. A deep understanding of MG oleogelation processing parameters allows for the tailoring of oleogel properties to meet desirable characteristics as solid fat replacers. This review provides insight regarding manipulating physical process parameters to engineer structures with specific functionality. Furthermore, ultrasound technologies and optimization methodologies are discussed as tools for the production of oleogels with specific properties based on their potential use as well as the development of bi‐ and multi‐gelators oleogels using MGs. Finally, the food applications in which MG oleogels have been tested are summarized in addition to the identified gaps that require further research.
Packaging 4.0: The threshold of an intelligent approach
Authors: Sadeghi Kambiz , Kim Jongkyoung , Seo Jongchul 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe fourth industrial revolution (I4.0) intends to digitalize the product life cycle using smart technologies interconnected with web‐based platforms. I4.0 elements can be employed to enable packaging 4.0 with improved productivity and efficiency. However, the applicability of I4.0 in packaging science has not been fully investigated due to the understanding gap regarding the I4.0 elements in packaging science. In addition, the evolution of market and customers’ demands results in complexity, which requires a business model with a high level of precision. As packaging stays with goods from manufacturing to the consumer stage, the digitalization of the product life cycle using packaging can be realized. Herein, the implications of I4.0 on packaging science are discussed to identify the potential benefits of packaging 4.0 in various sectors, for example, manufacturing, materials, supply chain, retail, and postconsumer. In this study, packaging 4.0 is defined based on a framework comprised of packaging manufacturing, packaging and products, packaging and consumer, and packaging and sustainability (ecologically, economically, and socially). In addition, a decentralized model is introduced to realize a self‐controlling concept using decentralized decision‐making centers. In this context, packaging 4.0 can be enabled using the combination of horizontal integration of enterprises, vertical integration of enterprises, and end‐to‐end engineering. Smart devices, for example, sensors, indicators, actuators, and wearable smart devices, interconnected to the internet of things and the cloud is an efficient way to realize a decentralized paradigm. The implementation of an intelligent platform in the packaging 4.0 context enables decentralized data collection in the supply chain, in‐store, and postpurchasing stages, which in turn realizes consistent life‐cycle monitoring.
The applications of conventional and innovative mechanical technologies to tailor structural and functional features of dietary fibers from plant wastes: A review
Authors: Fayaz Goly , Soleimanian Yasamin , Mhamadi Mmadi , Turgeon Sylvie L. , Khalloufi Seddik 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPlant food wastes generated through the food chain have attracted increasing attention over the last few years not only due to critical environmental and economic issues but also as an available source of valuable components such as dietary fibers. However, the exploitation of plant waste remains limited due to the lack of appropriate processing technologies to recover and tailor fiber functionalities. Among the different technologies developed for waste valorization, mechanical techniques were suggested to be a promising and sustainable strategy to extract fibers with improved functionalities. In this context, the present review describes different mechanical technologies (conventional and innovative) with potential applications to produce micro/nanofibers from various plant residues, highlighting the operating principle as well as the main advantages and pitfalls. The impact on the structural, technological, and functional properties of fibrous materials is comprehensively discussed. The extent of fiber modification not only highly depended on the technology and operation conditions used but also on fiber composition and the application of posttreatments such as dehydration. Other variables, including economic and environmental issues such as equipment cost, energy demand, and eco‐friendly features, are also reviewed. The outputs of this review can be used by both the industrial sector and academia to select a suitable combination of fiber and processing technology for designing novel foods with improved functionalities that fulfill market trends and consumer needs.
Encapsulation of coffee silverskin extracts by foam mat drying and comparison with powders obtained by spray drying and freeze‐drying
Authors: Vimercati Wallaf Costa , Araújo Cintia da Silva , Macedo Leandro Levate , Correa Jefferson Luiz Gomes , Pimenta Carlos José 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCoffee silverskin is a coproduct that has a rich composition in bioactive compounds. However, most of these compounds are susceptible to the conditions used during food processing and storage. Encapsulation is a process of great interest to increase the stability of these bioactive compounds, and different methods can influence the final characteristics of the product. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the encapsulation methods by foam mat drying, spray drying and freeze‐drying for producing powder from coffee silverskin extracts. Density, porosity, overrun, and stability foam were evaluated and the physicochemical properties of powders, such as water activity, moisture, wettability, hygroscopicity, solubility, color, antioxidant activity, and total phenolic were determined. The optimal condition required for the feed mixture for foam formation was 7.6% gum arabic, 2% maltodextrin, and 10.4% egg albumin. All methods presented powders with desirable values of water activity, moisture content, and hygroscopicity, being considered stable for storage, and high content of bioactive compounds. Higher temperatures for foam mat drying produced powders with higher encapsulation efficiency (>77%) and longer wettability than lower temperatures (50 and 60°C). Therefore, this study verified that foam mat drying can be considered an efficient and promising method for encapsulating bioactive compounds from coffee silverskin extract.Practical ApplicationFoam mat drying can be considered an alternative method to conventional encapsulation by spray drying and freeze‐drying. This method is simple, inexpensive, and generates high‐quality products. Optimization of foam properties is necessary to ensure successful drying.
Gel properties and thermal gelling mechanism in myofibrillar protein of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) under the synergistic effects of radio frequency combined with magnetic field
Authors: Wang Limei , Yang Kun , Wang Xian , Wu Di , You Xiaopeng , Ma Jing , Zhang Yunhua , Xiong Guangquan , Wang Lan , Sun Weiqing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study evaluated the effects of radio frequency (RF)‐replaced water bath (WB) or/and magnetic field (MF)‐assisted WB heating on various quality parameters of grass carp myofibrillar protein (GCMP) gel and to understand the thermal gelling mechanism. Compared with the control, RF‐replaced 40°C WB combining MF‐assisted 80°C WB heating promoted GCMP structural changes, that was random coil content observably increased from 28.87% to 32.3% at the expense of α‐helix reducing from 17.93% to 15.80%, even promoting the self‐assembly of exposed residues. These structural changes were conducive to form relatively smooth and loose gel network structures, thus significantly increasing immobilized and bound water and improving water holding capacity. The electrostatic repulsion between exposed residues was conducive to the stability of protein molecules and gel structure. Overall, the RF‐replaced 40°C WB combining MF‐assisted 80°C WB heating was a desirable thermal alternative to conventional WB heating for improving gel quality.
Physicochemical, structural, and functional properties of protein fractions and protein isolate from jackfruit seeds
Authors: Wu Jingjing , Zhou Xin , Zhou Lei , Liu Wei , Zhong Junzhen , Zhang Yanjun , Liu Chengmei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe physicochemical, structural, and functional properties of albumin, globulin, glutelin, and protein isolate (JSPI) extracted from jackfruit seeds were investigated. Protein fractions and JSPI were rich in amino acids, which can be comparable to soy protein. Other essential amino acids except histidine met the FAO/WHO/UNO‐recommended intake for infants and adults. Jackfruit seed proteins were mainly composed of 17–26 kDa polypeptides, β‐sheet, and random coil were the main secondary structures. Glutelin (572.55) and JSPI (246.14) have higher H0 under neutral conditions, consistent with the solubility and emulsification properties results. Albumin and globulin had good solubility and were mostly soluble under neutral or weak alkaline conditions. In general, protein fractions and JSPI exhibited good foaming and emulsification properties. Therefore, jackfruit seed proteins have the potential to be nutritious functional ingredients in the food industry.Practical ApplicationJackfruit seed proteins had high essential amino acids content and good functional properties. They can be used as a new type of functional ingredients in the food industry, which can not only reduce the environment pollution of discarded seeds but also improve use of plant protein.
Investigation of the activity of cathepsin B in red shrimp (Solenocera crassicornis) and its relation to the quality of muscle proteins during chilled and frozen storage
Authors: Li Zhipeng , Zhou Ting , Wu Yingru , Shui Shanshan , Tu Chuanhai , Benjakul Soottawat , Zhang Bin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCathepsin B is a cysteine protease that has important effects on the quality of muscle products. In this study, the changes of cathepsin B activity and its relation to muscle proteins were investigated in intact and beheaded shrimp during chilled and frozen storage. The obtained results indicated that the water holding capacity (WHC), shear force, hardness, and myofibrillar protein (MP) content all significantly decreased in both the intact and beheaded shrimp samples with increasing storage period (p < 0.05). Specifically, beheading shrimp exhibited much more stable characteristics than intact shrimp samples during both chilled and frozen storage. The enzyme activity results suggested that cold temperature and storage induced the release of cathepsin B from the lysosomes to the mitochondria, sarcoplasm, and myofibrils in the muscle tissues. Furthermore, SDS‐PAGE and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed that beheading the shrimp greatly inhibited the dissociation of shrimp muscle proteins during storage. The current findings suggest that cathepsin B located in the head of shrimp was likely transferred to the muscle through the first abdominal segment during storage, accelerating the dissociation of the muscle proteins. Therefore, beheading the shrimp was conducive to prolonging the shelf‐life of stored shrimp products.