bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cutis verticis gyrata: Three cases illustrating three different etiologies
Authors: Chamli Amal , Jones Meriem , Bacha Takwa , Litaiem Noureddine , Zeglaoui Faten 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCutis Vertcis gyrata is an uncommon neurocutaneous syndrome characterized by excessive growth of the skin of the scalp or the face, forming folds of similar aspect to cerebral cortex gyri. Three categories have been individualized: the primary form, essential or non‐essential, and the secondary form.
A rare case of concurrent pulmonary and hepatic hydatid cysts treated by single‐stage surgical management
Authors: Toktogaziev Bakyt , Omorov Kanat , Aitbaev Siezbek , Artisbekov Bakyt , Omorov Rahat , Vityala Yethindra , Tagaev Tugolbai 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA 37‐year‐old woman was diagnosed with concurrent pulmonary and hepatic hydatid cysts. We performed simultaneous resection of hydatid cysts in the liver and right lung using a single‐stage surgical procedure. The patient completely recovered.
Application of the TRIZ Contradictory Matrix to Foster Innovation for Sustainable Chemical Engineering
Authors: Lux Susanne 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis work demonstrates how to apply the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (Russian acronym TRIZ) on two industrial‐scale case studies. The first case study addresses processing of mineral metal carbonates, which is characterized by high CO2 emissions and high energy demand. As solver strategy a novel reductive pathway is suggested. The second case study refers to biobased industrial processes, which discharge aqueous effluents with unexploited carboxylic acid loads. Reactive separations are proposed to isolate the carboxylic acids. In both solver strategies, chemical reactions adopt a central role.
Clinical presentation and outcome of human papillomavirus‐positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a North American cohort
Authors: Huang Shao Hui , Jacinto J. C. Kennetth , O’Sullivan Brian , Su Jie , Kim John , Ringash Jolie , Spreafico Anna , Yu Eugene , Perez‐Ordonez Bayardo , Weinreb Ilan , Cho John , Hope Andrew J. , Bratman Scott V. , Giuliani Meredith E. , Hosni Ali , Hahn Ezra , Goldstein David P. , Tong Li , Eng Lawson , Xu Wei , Waldron John N. 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThe objective of this study was to describe the clinical presentation and outcomes of human papillomavirus (HPV)‐positive nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) versus Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)‐positive NPC and HPV‐positive oropharyngeal cancer (OPC).MethodsClinical characteristics and presenting signs/symptoms were compared between patients who had viral‐related NPC versus viral‐related OPC treated with intensity‐modulated radiotherapy from 2005 to 2020 and who were matched 1:1 (by tumor and lymph node categories, smoking, age, sex, histology, and year of diagnosis). Locoregional control (LRC), distant control (DC), and overall survival (OS) were compared using the 2005–2018 cohort to maintain 2 years of minimum follow‐up. Multivariable analysis was used to evaluate the cohort effect.ResultsSimilar to HPV‐positive OPC (n= 1531), HPV‐positive NPC (n= 29) occurred mostly in White patients compared with EBV‐positive NPC (n= 422; 86% vs. 15%;p< .001). Primary tumor volumes were larger in HPV‐positive NPC versus EBV‐positive NPC (median volume, 51 vs. 23 cm3;p= .002), with marginally more Level IB nodal involvement. More patients with HPV‐positive NPC complained of local pain (38% vs. 3%;p= .002). The median follow‐up for the 2005–2018 cohort was 5.3 years. Patients who had HPV‐positive NPC (n= 20) had rates of 3‐year LRC (95% vs. 90%;p= .360), DC (75% vs. 87%;p= .188), and OS (84% vs. 89%;p= .311) similar to the rates in those who had EBV‐positive NPC (n= 374). Patients who had HPV‐positive NPC also had rates of LRC (95% vs. 94%;p= .709) and OS (84% vs. 87%;p= .440) similar to the rates in those who had HPV‐positive OPC (n= 1287). The DC rate was lower in patients who had HPV‐positive disease (75% vs. 90%;p= .046), but the difference became nonsignificant (p= .220) when the analysis was adjusted for tumor and lymph node categories, smoking, and chemotherapy.ConclusionsHPV‐positive NPC and EBV‐positive NPC seem to be mutually exclusive diseases. Patients who have HPV‐positive NPC have greater local symptom burden and larger primary tumors but have similar outcomes compared with patients who have EBV‐positive NPC or HPV‐positive OPC.
Electrochemical Activated Nitrogen‐doped Carbon as Highly Efficient Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reactions
Authors: Liang Cheng‐lu , Ye Ni‐ni , Li Jia‐li , Li Xing‐qiu , Lei Shuai , Huang Yuan‐peng , Wu Jing‐jie , Liu Yang , Yang Wei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNitrogen‐doped carbon materials play an important role in the electrolysis of water due to their low cost and high stability. The major roles of N‐doped carbon materials in water electrolysis are electrocatalysts or catalyst support for metal‐based catalysts. However, the evolution of structures and performances of N‐doped carbon catalysts/support during electrochemical hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) process has been seldom reported. Here, we found that the catalytic activities of N‐doped carbon were electrochemically activated during the in‐situ HER process. After electrochemical activation, the catalytic activities of the nitrogen‐doped carbon towards HER were drastically improved and even approached the state‐of‐the‐art Pt/C catalyst. The examination of activation conditions and correlation with the catalytical performances demonstrated that the emerged pyridine N‐oxide structure was responsible for the enhanced catalytic performances. The reconstruction of surface chemical structures near the active sites during activation results in the enhanced surface hydrophilicity, which in turn makes the active sites more accessible by the protons. As a result, the catalytic HER performances were drastically improved in the activated catalysts.
9‐(Diphenylphosphoryl)‐10‐(phenylethynyl)anthracene Derivatives: Synthesis and Implications for the Substituent and Solvent Effects on the Light‐Emitting Properties
Authors: Murayama Nina , Hao Jorolan Joel , Minoura Mao , Nakano Haruyuki , Ikoma Tadaaki , Matano Yoshihiro 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHerein, we report a series of 9‐(diphenylphosphoryl)‐10‐(phenylethynyl)anthracenes (DPPPEAs) as novel fluorescent 9,10‐disubstituted anthracene derivatives. The DPPPEAs were prepared by Sonogashira coupling of (10‐bromoanthracen‐9‐yl)diphenylphosphine oxide with terminal arylacetylenes, and their structures were fully characterized. UV/Vis fluorescence spectroscopy and theoretical calculations were used to evaluate substituent effects on fluorescence properties of DPPPEAs. The nature of emissive excited state of DPPPEAs was found to vary greatly depending on the substituent, solvent, and temperature. Unsubstituted DPPPEA emitted intense fluorescence from locally excited (LE) state, whereas donor‐acceptor (D‐A) type DPPPEAs substituted with diphenylamino groups showed strong solvatofluorochromism derived from the charge‐transfer (CT) state. Notably, carbazolyl derivatives exhibited fluorescence from LE hybridized with CT state. The disappearance of CT emission in rigid media suggests that solvent reorganization plays a crucial role in producing large Stokes shifts of D‐A type derivatives. The DPPPEAs have also been found to function as annihilators in porphyrin‐sensitized triplet–triplet annihilation processes.
Silk Fibroin Coating Enables Dendrite‐free Zinc Anode for Long‐Life Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Lu Jiahui , Yang Jian , Zhang Zhihao , Wang Chengyin , Xu Jing , Wang Tianyi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDue to the advantages of the low cost of Zn and the safety of aqueous electrolytes, the aqueous Zn ion battery (AZIB) is expected to become the next‐generation battery after lithium‐ion batteries. However, the problems of Zn anode dendrite growth, self‐corrosion, and passivation in AZIBs lead to short cycle life and short circuit of the battery. In this work, uniform and stable Silk II‐silk fibroin (Silk II‐SF) coating was prepared on the surface of Zn anode by a simple method. Experiments showed that the SF coating could prevent dendritic growth and hydrogen evolution corrosion. Therefore, symmetric cells using Silk II‐SF@Zn anode achieved a cycle life over 3300 and 1500 h at current densities of 10 and 20 mA cm−2, respectively. Using Silk II‐SF coating to protect Zn anode is a simple and effective strategy to realize dendrite‐free Zn anode and long‐cycle‐life AZIBs.
Frequency regulation for microgrid using genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization tuned STATCOM
Authors: Saxena Nitin Kumar , Gao Wenzhong D. , Kumar Ashwani , Mekhilef Saad , Gupta Varun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) based frequency regulation for a wind‐based microgrid (MG) using reactive power balance loop. MG, operating from squirrel cage induction generator (SCIG), is employed for exporting the electrical power from wind turbines, and it needs reactive power which may be imported from the grid. Additional reactive power is also required from the grid for the load, directly coupled with such a distributed generator (DG) plant. However, guidelines issued by electric authorities encourage MGs to arrange their own reactive power because such reactive power procurement is defined as a local area problem for power system studies. Despite the higher cost of compensation, static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) is a fast‐acting FACTs device for attending to these reactive power mismatches. Reactive power control can be achieved by controlling reactive current through the STATCOM. This can be achieved with modification in current controller scheme of STATCOM. STATCOM current controller is designed with reactive power load balance for the proposed microgrid in this paper. Further, gain values of the PI controller, required in the STATCOM model, are selected first with classical methods. In this classical method, iterative procedures which are based on integral square error (ISE), integral absolute error (IAE), and integral square of time error (ISTE) criteria are developed using MATLAB programs. System performances are further investigated with GA and PSO based control techniques and their acceptability over classical methods is diagnosed. Results in terms of converter frequency deviation show how the frequency remains under the operating boundaries as allowed by IEEE standards 1159:1995 and 1250:2011 for integrating renewable‐based microgrid with grid. Real and reactive power management and load current total harmonic distortions verify the STATCOM performance in MG. The results are further validated with the help of recent papers in which frequency regulation is investigated for almost similar power system models. The compendium for this work is as following: (i) modelling of wind generator‐based microgrid using MATLAB simulink library, (ii) designing of STATCOM current controller with PI controller, (iii) gain constants estimation using classical, GA and PSO algorithm through a developed m codes and their interfacing with proposed simulink model, (v) dynamic frequency responses for proposed grid connected microgrid during starting and load perturbations, (vi) verification of system performance with the help of obtained real and reactive power management between STATCOM and grid, and (vii) validation of results with available literature.
Motivation for dietary restraint, and disordered eating among adults experiencing food insecurity in the United States
Authors: Gomez Francesca , Perez Marisol 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveDoes engaging in dietary restraint due to weight/shape concerns versus economic hardship differentially relate to disordered eating?MethodThe sample consisted of 582 adults experiencing food insecurity (FI) who completed online measures assessing severity of FI, disordered eating, loss of control over eating, and dietary restraint. Participants reported their motivation for dietary restraint with options consisting of weight/shape concerns, economic hardship (i.e., insufficient funds and prioritizing others' needs), mixed reasons, and other/I do not know.ResultsIn the sample, 18% reported engaging in dietary restraint primarily due to weight/shape concerns, 33% due to economic hardship, 18% other/do not know, and 30% due to a mix of reasons. There were positive correlations between FI, economic hardship, dietary restraint, disordered eating, and loss of control over eating. Regression analyses revealed the association between dietary restraint and disordered eating does not differ across individuals who endorse economic hardship as a motivator for dietary restraint. Findings replicated with loss of control. However, the association between dietary restraint and disordered eating grew stronger as more dietary restraint due to weight/shape concerns was endorsed. No significant association emerged with loss of control.DiscussionResearch is needed to replicate findings and examine how patterns of food scarcity impacts disordered eating in food insecure populations with and without weight/shape concerns. Findings suggest that motivation for dietary restraint may influence associations with dietary restraint and the cognitive components of disordered eating, but not the behavioral components of disordered eating.Public Significance StatementDisordered eating due to dietary restraint is most commonly associated with weight and shape concerns; however, even when dietary restraint is due to economic reasons, it can still be associated with disordered eating.
Tidal streams, fish, and seabirds: Understanding the linkages between mobile predators, prey, and hydrodynamics
Authors: Couto Ana , Williamson Benjamin J. , Cornulier Thomas , Fernandes Paul G. , Fraser Shaun , Chapman James D. , Davies Ian M. , Scott Beth E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDriven by the necessity to decarbonize energy sources, many countries are targeting tidal stream environments for power generation. However, these areas can act as foraging hotspots for marine top predators, such as seabirds. Thus, it is important to understand the ecological interactions influencing predator behavior and distribution in these areas, to determine the potential ecological implications of marine renewable devices. This study used concurrent observations of foraging seabirds, physical hydrodynamics, and prey presence across a tidal stream environment, before and after the installation of a commercial turbine array close to the island of Stroma, Scotland. There were three main findings: First, benthic foraging seabirds showed a clear preference for certain sections around Stroma where sandeels were detected, while pelagic foraging seabirds were seen all around Stroma. Second, there was a positive effect of water velocity on the number of pelagic foragers and common guillemots. Third, there was a positive effect of the presence of fish schools on the number of pelagic seabirds and common guillemots, in both the same and the previous transects. Thus, it is possible that seabirds target areas of predictable food sources during periods where prey might be easily accessed (e.g., periods of fast flows). Given the difference in the distribution between seabird categories, it is likely that marine renewable devices will impact each category differently. We conclude that any impact on sandbank locations, sandeels preferred habitat, due to the presence of tidal turbines is likely to alter the distribution of benthic foraging seabirds. For pelagic foraging seabirds and common guillemot, changes in prey presence and accessibility (depth and level of aggregation/disaggregation) will have a stronger effect on seabird presence. This study highlights the need to include concurrent physical and biological data when assessing the ecological impacts of tidal turbines.
Sacubitril/valsartan affects pulmonary arterial pressure in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Codina Pau , Domingo Mar , Barceló Elena , Gastelurrutia Paloma , Casquete Daniel , Vila Joan , Abdul‐Jawad Altisent Omar , Spitaleri Giosafat , Cediel Germán , Santiago‐Vacas Evelyn , Zamora Elisabet , Ruiz‐Cueto María , Santesmases Javier , de la Espriella Rafael , Pascual‐Figal Domingo A. , Nuñez Julio , Lupón Josep , Bayes‐Genis Antoni 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimsPrior studies have not fully characterized the haemodynamic effects of the angiotensin receptor‐neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) sacubitril/valsartan in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and pulmonary hypertension (HFpEF–PH). The aim of the Treatment of PH With Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker and Neprilysin Inhibitor in HFpEF Patients With CardioMEMS Device (ARNIMEMS‐HFpEF) study is to assess pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) dynamics by means of implanted PAP monitors in patients with HFpEF–PH treated with sacubitril/valsartan.Methods and resultsThis single‐arm, investigator‐initiated, interventional study included 14 consecutive ambulatory symptomatic HFpEF–PH patients who underwent CardioMEMS implantation prior to enrolment [mean ejection fraction 60.4 ± 7.2%, baseline mean PAP (mPAP) 33.9 ± 7.6 mmHg]. Daily PAP values were examined during three periods: a 6 week period after CardioMEMS implantation and before sacubitril/valsartan treatment (pre‐ARNI), a 6 week period with sacubitril/valsartan treatment (ARNI ON), and a 6 week period of sacubitril/valsartan withdrawal (ARNI OFF). The primary endpoint was change in mPAP with and without sacubitril/valsartan. Secondary endpoints included changes in 6 min walking distance, B‐line sum in lung ultrasound, and quality of life (QoL). During the study period, 1717 mPAP measurements were recorded. Between pre‐ARNI vs. ARNI ON, mPAP significantly declined by −4.99 mmHg [95% confidence interval (CI) −5.55 to −4.43]. Between ARNI ON vs. ARNI OFF, mPAP significantly increased by +2.84 mmHg [95% CI +2.26 to +3.42]. Between pre‐ARNI vs. ARNI ON, we found an improvement in 6 min walking distance, B‐lines, and QoL. Mean loop diuretic management did not differ between periods.ConclusionsSacubitril/valsartan significantly reduced mPAP in patients with HFpEF–PH, independent of loop diuretic management, together with improvement in functional capacity, lung congestion, and QoL. Sacubitril/valsartan may be a therapeutic alternative in HFpEF–PH.
Phenotypes of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and effect of spironolactone treatment
Authors: Choy Manting , Liang Weihao , He Jiangui , Fu Michael , Dong Yugang , He Xin , Liu Chen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimsThe aims of this study were to explore phenotypes of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and evaluate differential effects of spironolactone treatment.Methods and resultsA swap‐stepwise algorithm was used for variable selection. Latent class analysis based on 10 selected variables was employed in a derivative set of 1540 patients from the TOPCAT trial. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the prognoses and effects of spironolactone treatment. Three phenotypes of HFpEF were identified. Phenotype 1 was the youngest with low burden of co‐morbidities. Phenotype 2 was the oldest with high prevalence of atrial fibrillation, pacemaker implantation, and hypothyroidism. Phenotype 3 was mostly obese and diabetic with high burden of other co‐morbidities. Compared with phenotype 1, phenotypes 2 (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14–1.89; P = 0.003) and 3 (HR: 2.35; 95% CI: 1.80–3.07; P < 0.001) were associated with higher risks of the primary composite outcome. Spironolactone treatment was associated with a reduced risk of the primary outcome only in phenotype 1 (HR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.40–0.98; P = 0.042).ConclusionsThree distinct HFpEF phenotypes were identified. Spironolactone treatment could improve clinical outcome in a phenotype of relatively young patients with low burden of co‐morbidities.
Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II and protein kinase G oxidation contributes to impaired sarcomeric proteins in hypertrophy model
Authors: Gömöri Kamilla , Herwig Melissa , Budde Heidi , Hassoun Roua , Mostafi Nusratul , Zhazykbayeva Saltanat , Sieme Marcel , Modi Suvasini , Szabados Tamara , Pipis Judit , Farkas‐Morvay Nikolett , Leprán István , Ágoston Gergely , Baczkó István , Kovács Árpád , Mügge Andreas , Ferdinandy Péter , Görbe Anikó , Bencsik Péter , Hamdani Nazha 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimsVolume overload (VO) induced hypertrophy is one of the hallmarks to the development of heart diseases. Understanding the compensatory mechanisms involved in this process might help preventing the disease progression.Methods and resultsTherefore, the present study used 2 months old Wistar rats, which underwent an aortocaval fistula to develop VO‐induced hypertrophy. The animals were subdivided into four different groups, two sham operated animals served as age‐matched controls and two groups with aortocaval fistula. Echocardiography was performed prior termination after 4‐ and 8‐month. Functional and molecular changes of several sarcomeric proteins and their signalling pathways involved in the regulation and modulation of cardiomyocyte function were investigated.ResultsThe model was characterized with preserved ejection fraction in all groups and with elevated heart/body weight ratio, left/right ventricular and atrial weight at 4‐ and 8‐month, which indicates VO‐induced hypertrophy. In addition, 8‐months groups showed increased left ventricular internal diameter during diastole, RV internal diameter, stroke volume and velocity‐time index compared with their age‐matched controls. These changes were accompanied by increased Ca2+ sensitivity and titin‐based cardiomyocyte stiffness in 8‐month VO rats compared with other groups. The altered cardiomyocyte mechanics was associated with phosphorylation deficit of sarcomeric proteins cardiac troponin I, myosin binding protein C and titin, also accompanied with impaired signalling pathways involved in phosphorylation of these sarcomeric proteins in 8‐month VO rats compared with age‐matched control group. Impaired protein phosphorylation status and dysregulated signalling pathways were associated with significant alterations in the oxidative status of both kinases CaMKII and PKG explaining by this the elevated Ca2+ sensitivity and titin‐based cardiomyocyte stiffness and perhaps the development of hypertrophy.ConclusionsOur findings showed VO‐induced cardiomyocyte dysfunction via deranged phosphorylation of myofilament proteins and signalling pathways due to increased oxidative state of CaMKII and PKG and this might contribute to the development of hypertrophy.