bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on microbial community and physicochemical properties of braised chicken during processing and storage microbial community of braised chicken
Authors: Zhang Yanan , Ma Xinxiu , Li Xinyu , Bi Jingran , Zhang Gongliang , Hao Hongshun , Hou Hongman 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBraised chicken is a popular meat product with an attractive appearance, delicious taste, and rich nutrition. High‐throughput sequencing technology (HTS) was utilized to comprehensively characterize the dynamics of the microbial community during processing and storage (4°C). The physicochemical properties (pH, moisture content, total volatile base nitrogen (TVB‐N), and the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)) and colony counts were also evaluated. The microbial community of braised chicken was different between processing and storage. Weissella and Psychrobacter were the dominant genera during processing; Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Aeromonas, and Aneurinibacillus were the dominant genera in storage. The microbial counts (total viable count [TVC], Pseudomonas, LAB, and Enterobacteriaceae) decreased gradually during hot working processing, but increased during storage. After the warranty, TVC and Enterobacteriaceae counts exceeded the limit for cooked meat products. TBARS and TVB‐N increased from 0.089 to 0.400 mg/kg and 0.52 to 2.03 mg/kg, respectively, during processing and storage, and TVB‐N content exceeded the limit of cooked meat products after the warranty. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, and Aeromonas were significantly positively correlated with the spoilage index (TVB‐N and TBARS). Amino acid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism were also significantly positively correlated with them，indicating that Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, and Aeromonas may be the main microorganisms that cause spoilage of braised chicken. This study revealed the possible spoilage microorganisms of braised chicken during processing and storage, which was helpful to improve the quality and safety of braised chicken.
Functional dyspepsia symptom diary is correlated with other questionnaires and associated with severity in patients with functional dyspepsia: a multicenter, prospective observational study
Authors: Shi Xin , Luo Hui , Wang Xiangping , Ren Gui , Zhang Linhui , Tao Qin , Liang Shuhui , Liu Na , Huang Xiaojun , Zhang Xiaoyin , Deng Hui , Qin Wei , Kang Xiaoyu , Pan Yanglin , Fan Daiming 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground and AimFunctional dyspepsia symptom diary (FDSD) is a newly designed questionnaire of functional dyspepsia (FD). The relationships between FDSD and other FD‐related questionnaires and patient‐reported severity remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the correlations between FDSD and other questionnaires and to determine the relationships between FDSD and FD severity.MethodsConsecutive outpatients with FD were prospectively enrolled in four tertiary hospitals. All patients were evaluated by six FD‐related questionnaires, including FDSD, Dyspepsia Symptom Severity Index (DSSI), Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale, Short‐Form Nepean Dyspepsia Index, and Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Scale (HAMD and HAMA). The severity of FD was also graded as mild, moderate, and severe by patients themselves. Correlations between different scores were assessed by Spearman correlation coefficient (ρ), and risk factors for patient‐reported severity were identified.ResultsFor 512 enrolled FD patients, the overall median FDSD score was 19 (2–42). FDSD was well correlated with DSSI (ρ = 0.64) and fairly correlated with the other four scores (ρ = 0.32–0.55) (all P < 0.001). Mild, moderate, and severe FD were reported by 18.5%, 55.9%, and 25.6% of patients, respectively. There were seven factors associated with the severe FD, including education level, duration, and subtypes of FD, prior treatment, FDSD, HAMD, and HAMA scores (all P < 0.10). FDSD ≥ 20 (odds ratio [OR] 3.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.0–5.2, P < 0.001) and HAMD ≥ 13 (OR 2.9, 95% CI: 1.8–4.6, P < 0.001) were independently associated with patient‐reported severe FD.ConclusionsThis study firstly revealed that the newly developed FDSD correlated with other FD‐related questionnaires. FDSD ≥ 20 and HAMD ≥ 13 were independently associated with severe FD reported by patients (clinicaltrials.gov number: NCT04953975).
Effectiveness of colonic stent placement for obstructive colorectal cancers: An analysis of short‐term results using a nationwide database in Japan
Authors: Moroi Rintaro , Tarasawa Kunio , Shimoyama Yusuke , Kuroha Masatake , Shiga Hisashi , Kakuta Yoichi , Fushimi Kiyohide , Fujimori Kenji , Kinouchi Yoshitaka , Masamune Atsushi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsSelf‐expandable metallic stent (SEMS) is widely used for obstructive colorectal cancer (OCC). Both SEMS and urgent surgery have several merits and demerits. This study aimed to clarify the efficacy of SEMS by comparing the mortality rate after the hospitalization between SEMS and urgent surgery for OCC.MethodsWe collected OCC patients' data using the Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) database system. We divided eligible patients into the SEMS and urgent surgery groups using propensity score matching and compared in‐hospital death rates, length of hospitalization, and medical costs. We also conducted logistic regression analysis to identify clinical factors affecting in‐hospital deaths.ResultsWe enrolled 17 140 cases after propensity score matching. SEMS reduced the in‐hospital death rate compared with urgent surgery (2.0% vs 3.6%, P < 0.0001). Length of hospitalization was shorter in the SEMS group than in the urgent surgery group (16 vs 25 days, P < 0.0001). Medical costs were lower in the SEMS group than in the urgent surgery group (1 663 550 vs 2 424 082 JPY, P < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis also showed that SEMS reduced in‐hospital death (odds ratio = 0.58, 95% confidence interval: 0.50–0.70, P < 0.0001).ConclusionSelf‐expandable metallic stent placement for OCC might reduce the mortality rate in short term and shorten the length of hospitalization. These results facilitate considering SEMS with careful judgment for its indication when treating OCC patients.
Cost‐effectiveness of risk‐tailored screening strategy for colorectal cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Wang Le , Liu Chengcheng , Wang Youqing , Du Lingbin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground and AimThough one‐size‐fits‐all age‐based screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) is effective in reducing the incidence and mortality, the evidence regarding on personized screening based on individual risk factors has been growing. The study aimed to perform a systematic review to synthesize economic evidence of risk‐tailored CRC screening strategies.MethodsThis systematic review was conducted in EMBASE, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Econlit, and National Institute for Health Research Economic Evaluation Database from inception to June 30, 2021. We calculated the incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (ICER) of cost per life year or quality‐adjusted life year gained for the risk‐tailored screening compared with no screening or uniform screening. A strategy was cost‐effective with less cost and equal or more effectiveness than the comparator along with lower ICER than the willingness‐to‐pay threshold.ResultsOur review finally comprised seven studies. Five studies reported the results of comparisons of risk‐tailored CRC screening with no screening, and supported that risk‐tailored screening was cost‐effective. All of seven studies reported the ICERs of risk‐tailored screening and age‐based screening. Disparities in the discrimination of risk‐prediction tool, accuracy of adopted techniques, uptake rate of screening and cost estimation impacted the cost‐effectiveness.ConclusionsStudies on the economic evaluation of risk‐tailored CRC screening are limited, and current evidence is not sufficient to support the replacement of risk‐tailored screening for traditional age‐based screening.
Circular RNA circ_0065378 upregulates tumor suppressor candidate 1 by competitively binding with miR‐4701‐5p to alleviate colorectal cancer progression
Authors: Yan Dongsheng , Liu Weidong , Liu Yeliu , Zhu Xinguo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground and AimColorectal cancer (CRC), the third most lethal human cancer worldwide, seriously threatens human health and life. Numerous circular RNAs (circRNAs) including circ_PLXNB1 (hsa_circ_0065378) have been confirmed to be dysregulated in CRC by RNA‐seq analysis. We aimed to explore the functional role of circ_PLXNB1 in CRC malignant behaviors and clarify its potential molecular mechanism.MethodsGene expression levels of circ_PLXNB1 and miR‐4701‐5p were determined by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis. MTT and Transwell assays were conducted to measure cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Protein expression of tumor suppressor candidate 1 (TUSC1), E‐cadherin and N‐cadherin was determined by western blot analysis. Mouse xenograft models were used to investigate the role of circ_PLXNB1 in tumor growth.ResultsThe results showed that gene expression of circ_PLXNB1 in CRC tissues was significantly downregulated. Overexpression of circ_PLXNB1 inhibited the malignant behaviors of CRC cells, as manifested by the decrease in cell proliferation, cell invasion, migration, and EMT. Mechanistically, circ_PLXNB1 exerted its functional effects by binding with miR‐4701‐5p. Moreover, TUSC1 siRNA partially abolished the suppressive effect of the miR‐4701‐5p inhibitor or circ_PLXNB1 on CRC cell malignant behaviors.ConclusionsCirc_PLXNB1 attenuated CRC progression by binding with miR‐4701‐5p to overexpress TUSC1, indicating that the circ_PLXNB1/miR‐4701‐5p/TUSC1 axis might be a potential novel molecular target in CRC diagnosis and therapy.
Exacerbation of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug‐induced enteropathy in C‐C chemokine receptor type 7‐deficient mice
Authors: Yamaguchi Toshio , Iijima Hideki , Yoshihara Takeo , Tani Mizuki , Otake Yuriko , Iwatani Shuko , Amano Takahiro , Tashiro Taku , Kurahashi Tomohide , Inoue Takanori , Tsujii Yoshiki , Hayashi Yoshito , Inoue Takahiro , Motooka Daisuke , Nakamura Shota , Shinzaki Shinichiro , Takehara Tetsuo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground and AimNon‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) induce intestinal enteropathy and the pathophysiology is related to immune‐mediated mechanisms. We aimed to investigate the role of C‐C chemokine receptor type 7 (CCR7) which regulates immune cell migration in NSAID‐induced enteropathy.MethodsInjury of the small intestine was evaluated 24 h after the subcutaneous injection of indomethacin in CCR7‐deficient (Ccr7−/−) and wild‐type (WT) mice. The cellular profile and cytokine production in intestinal cells were analyzed. Indomethacin‐induced enteropathy was evaluated in mice adoptively transferred with CD103+ dendritic cells (DCs) from Ccr7−/− or WT mice.ResultsIndomethacin induced more severe intestinal injury in Ccr7−/− mice than in WT mice. The major inflammatory cytokines were not increased and the proportion of regulatory T cells following indomethacin injection was not decreased in Ccr7−/− mice compared with WT mice. The expression of interleukin (IL)‐22 binding protein (IL‐22BP), which inhibits IL‐22 activity, was significantly higher in CD103+ DCs from Ccr7−/− mice than those from WT mice. Mice adoptively transferred with CD103+ DCs isolated from Ccr7−/− mice exhibited more severe intestinal injury following indomethacin injection compared with those adoptively transferred with CD103+ DCs of WT mice. Ccr7−/− mice injected with indomethacin showed a significant reduction in regenerating islet‐derived 1 (Reg1) mRNA expression, which is regulated by IL‐22, in intestinal epithelial cells.ConclusionsC‐C chemokine receptor type 7 deficiency exacerbated NSAID‐induced enteropathy in association with an altered phenotype of CD103+ DCs that produces IL‐22BP. CCR7 contributes to protect the small intestine from NSAID‐induced mucosal injury.
MDP25 mediates the fine‐tuning of microtubule organization in response to salt stress
Authors: Yang Peizhi , Jin Jingwei , Zhang Jingru , Wang Dan , Bai Xuechun , Xie Wenfei , Hu Tianming , Zhao Xuan , Mao Tonglin , Qin Tao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMicrotubules are dynamic cytoskeleton structures playing fundamental roles in plant responses to salt stress. The precise mechanisms by which microtubule organization is regulated under salt stress are largely unknown. Here, we report that Arabidopsis thaliana MICROTUBULE‐DESTABILIZING PROTEIN 25 (MDP25; also known as PLASMA MEMBRANE‐ASSOCIATED CATION‐BINDING PROTEIN 1 (PCaP1)) helps regulate microtubule organization. Under salt treatment, elevated cytosolic Ca2+ concentration caused MDP25 to partially dissociate from the plasma membrane, promoting microtubule depolymerization. When Ca2+ signaling was blocked by BAPTA‐AM or LaCl3, microtubule depolymerization in wild‐type and MDP25‐overexpressing cells was slower, while there was no obvious change in mdp25 cells. Knockout of MDP25 improved microtubule reassembly and was conducive to microtubule integrity under long‐term salt treatment and microtubule recovery after salt stress. Moreover, mdp25 seedlings exhibited a higher survival rate under salt stress. The presence microtubule‐disrupting reagent oryzalin or microtubule‐stabilizing reagent paclitaxel differentially affected the survival rates of different genotypes under salt stress. MDP25 promoted microtubule instability by affecting the catastrophe and rescue frequencies, shrinkage rate and time in pause phase at the microtubule plus‐end and the depolymerization rate at the microtubule minus‐end. These findings reveal a role for MDP25 in regulating microtubule organization under salt treatment by affecting microtubule dynamics.
The controls on the thermal evolution of continental mountain ranges
Authors: Copley Alex , Weller Owen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the controls on the thermal evolution of continental mountain ranges and investigates how pressure (P) and temperature (T) estimates from metamorphic rocks can be used to reconstruct the thermal histories of orogenic belts. We show that one‐dimensional models can approximate the temperature structure of most continental mountain belts, and find that the metamorphic conditions typical of such tectonic settings can most easily be achieved by thickening of the mid‐ to upper‐crust above a rigid lower crustal substrate. Homogeneous thickening of the entire lithosphere can only result in these conditions under unusual circumstances. This result implies that thickening above rigid lower crust has been the dominant mode of mountain‐building preserved in the rock record. In this situation, modest rates of vertically distributed internal radiogenic heating (1±0.5 μW/m3) are able to produce typical metamorphic conditions and timescales, without the requirement for an external source of heat. In a given model, peak temperature conditions for rocks originally positioned closely in depth (e.g. 5 km apart) occur at times that can be separated by over 10 Myr, highlighting the spectrum of ages and conditions that can be produced by a single geometrically simple mountain‐building event. The direction of approach in P–T space towards the highest‐T conditions experienced by a rock (i.e. the curvature of the P–T loop) is the most diagnostic feature that allows the thermal and tectonic history of a mountain belt to be estimated, highlighting the importance of determining prograde P–T paths. Combining estimates of the peak‐T conditions with multiple other sources of information (e.g. the timescales of metamorphism or the initial crustal thickness) can also allow the reconstruction of the mountain range evolution under most circumstances. Many configurations of continental mountain‐building result in rocks transiently passing through regions with low average thermal gradients (e.g. 10–15°C/km), suggesting that such gradients should not be used to infer the presence of subduction. Analysis of existing P–T loops from the 3.2 Ga metamorphism in the Barberton terrane suggests that mountain‐building processes at that time and place were similar to those in present‐day mountain ranges, implying that large regions of rigid continental lithosphere were already in existence, and were underthrusting the margins of mountain ranges.
Ozonized glycerin (OG)‐based cosmetic products lighten age spots on human facial skin
Authors: Hanada Keigo , Okuda Daiki , Ogi Ryuhei , Kojima Sayaka , Tsuruoka Risa , Shiota Gotaro 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundFew cosmetic ingredients are shown to be able to safely remove or lighten facial dark spots once they have formed. OG has been reported to possess oxidation power and exhibit various biological activities such as antibacterial, antiviral, and wound healing promotion.AimsThis study aimed to clarify the effects of OG on human skin, especially on age spots on the face.MethodsOG formulations (80 and 800 ppm) were mixed with synthetic melanin in vitro for 4 weeks and then assessed for its ability to degrade the melanin. OG also investigated its effect on gene expression of keratinocyte differentiation markers in vitro to explore the cell maturation. In clinical study for the evaluation of effects of OG formulations on age spots on facial skin, 48 women were measured for the melanin content of them by a Mexameter at 4 and 8 weeks after daily twice application of OG formulations. Adverse events were monitored during the study.ResultsBoth OG formulations showed direct melanin degradation in a time‐dependent manner, with significant effects observed as early as 6 h. OG formulation at 800 ppm showed higher activity than OG formulation at 80 ppm, and the amount of melanin was decreased by about 40% on Day 14 of the mixing reaction. Differentiation marker studies using human keratinocytes showed that the gene expression of involucrin and serine palmitoyltransferase was upregulated by OG, which was almost equivalent concentration to OG formulation 80 ppm, suggesting that OGs can enhance turnover of the skin epidermis. In clinical study, OG formulations 80 and 800 ppm showed larger decreases in melanin contents at 8 weeks compared with those at 4 weeks and their mean values of △melanin index were −16.7 and −15.2, respectively. Statistically significant differences were detected against respective controls. Number of subjects with a decrease in melanin index from baseline to 4 or 8 weeks increased in both OG formulations 80 and 800 ppm, especially prominent at 8 weeks. There were no adverse events related to treatments of OG 80 and 800 ppm during the study.ConclusionThe result indicated that applications of OG formulations are safe and effective in lightening age spots on the facial skin.
Moisturizing effectiveness of immediate compared with delayed moisturization
Authors: Nguyen Kim Han , Pham Le Duy , Nguyen Thi Thu Thao , Chu Hien , Nguyen Thanh Dat , Ngo Dang Khoa , Nguyen Quoc Cuong , Le Thai Van Thanh 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionMoisturizers play an essential role in maintaining the integrity of the skin barrier by increasing stratum corneum hydration (SCH) and reducing transepidermal water loss (TEWL). According to dermatology and allergy guidelines, moisturizers should be applied on the skin within 3 min after bathing or showering. However, there is very little evidence supporting this recommendation. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of immediate and delayed moisturizing after bathing/washing on the improvement of SCH and TEWL.MethodsThis was a crossover study of 60 healthy Vietnamese volunteers aged 18–25 years. In each subject, SCH and TEWL levels were measured at three areas: non‐moisturized, immediate moisturizing after washing, and delayed moisturizing at 30 min after washing.ResultsIn non‐moisturized skin, SCH and TEWL levels were significantly different from the baseline at 60 min after washing, while significantly decreased TEWL levels were observed immediately after moisturizing. In addition, moisturized skin had significantly higher SCH and lower TEWL levels compared with non‐moisturized areas at every time point (p < 0.05). Interestingly, the percentage changes of SCH and TEWL levels from baseline did not differ between immediately and delayed moisturized areas.ConclusionsTested moisturizer helped increase SCH and decrease TEWL; however, there was no difference in moisturizing effectiveness between immediate and delayed moisturizing in healthy skin. The recommendation of immediate application of moisturizers after bathing/washing should be reconsidered, and more studies are needed to establish a stronger recommendation.
Is Modified Early Warning Score associated with clinical outcomes of patients admitted to a university internal medicine ward?
Authors: Saba Amanda , Nunes Maria do Patrocínio Tenório 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the MEWS association with the clinical outcomes (CO) of patients admitted to an internal medicine ward (IMW) at a Brazilian university hospital (UH).IntroductionIt is important to quickly identify patients with clinical deterioration, especially in wards. The health team must recognize and act before the situation becomes an adverse event. In Brazil, nurses’ work to overcome performance myths and the application of standardized predictive scales for patients in wards is still limited.DesignAn observational cohort study designed and developed by a registered nurse that followed the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist.MethodsData were collected from the IMW of a UH located in the city of São Paulo, Brazil (2017). An ROC curve was calculated to strengthen the use of a MEWS of < or ≥ 4 as a cutoff. CO of the two subgroups were compared.ResultsThree hundred patients completed the study; their vital signs were recorded consecutively throughout hospitalization in the IMW. The highest MEWS value each day was considered for analysis. Scores < 4 were significantly associated with a higher probability of hospital discharge, a lower chance of transfer to the ICU, a lower total number of days of hospitalization, and a lower risk of death. Score ≥ 4 had worse CO (orotracheal intubation and cardiac monitoring), transfer to the ICU, and increased risk of death.ConclusionScores < 4 were associated with positive outcomes, while scores ≥ 4 were associated with negative outcomes. MEWS can help prioritize interventions, increase certainty in decision‐making, and improve patient safety, especially in a teaching IMW with medical teams undergoing professional development, thereby ensuring the central role of the nursing team in Brazil.Relevance for clinical practiceMEWS aid nurses in identifying and managing patients, prioritizing interventions through assertive decision‐making.
Ethnic entrepreneurship, assimilation, and integration policy
Authors: Horváth Gergely , Zhang Rui 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper studies the assimilation of ethnic minority individuals to the native labor market and the impact of integration policies on assimilation. In our theoretical model, ethnic individuals choose, depending on their productivity level, among: entrepreneurship, assimilating to the native labor market, and being employed by coethnic entrepreneurs. We find that when integration policies increase the returns of assimilation to the native labor market, there will be more ethnic entrepreneurs and more workers hired in the ethnic sector. This counter‐intuitive result is due to wage adjustment in the ethnic sector. In terms of social welfare, we find that the social planner prefers that more ethnic individuals assimilate to the native labor market relative to the decentralized equilibrium. We propose a policy mix that restores the efficiency of the equilibrium.