bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrophobic-cationic peptides modulate RNA polymerase ribozyme activity by accretion
Authors: Li Peiying , Holliger Philipp , Tagami Shunsuke 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAccretion and the resulting increase in local concentration is a widespread mechanism in biology to enhance biomolecular functions (for example, in liquid-liquid demixing phases). Such macromolecular aggregation phases (e.g., coacervates, amyloids) may also have played a role in the origin of life. Here, we report that a hydrophobic-cationic RNA binding peptide selected by phage display (P43: AKKVWIIMGGS) forms insoluble amyloid-containing aggregates, which reversibly accrete RNA on their surfaces in an RNA-length and Mg2+-concentration dependent manner. The aggregates formed by P43 or its sequence-simplified version (K2V6: KKVVVVVV) inhibited RNA polymerase ribozyme (RPR) activity at 25 mM MgCl2, while enhancing it significantly at 400 mM MgCl2. Our work shows that such hydrophobic-cationic peptide aggregates can reversibly concentrate RNA and enhance the RPR activity, and suggests that they could have aided the emergence and evolution of longer and functional RNAs in the fluctuating environments of the prebiotic earth.
CCN1 interacts with integrins to regulate intestinal stem cell proliferation and differentiation
Authors: Won Jong Hoon , Choi Jacob S. , Jun Joon-Il 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntestinal stem cells (ISCs) at the crypt base contribute to intestinal homeostasis through a balance between self-renewal and differentiation. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating this homeostatic balance remain elusive. Here we show that the matricellular protein CCN1/CYR61 coordinately regulates ISC proliferation and differentiation through distinct pathways emanating from CCN1 interaction with integrins αvβ3/αvβ5. Mice that delete Ccn1 in Lgr5 + ISCs or express mutant CCN1 unable to bind integrins αvβ3/αvβ5 exhibited exuberant ISC expansion and enhanced differentiation into secretory cells at the expense of absorptive enterocytes in the small intestine, leading to nutrient malabsorption. Analysis of crypt organoids revealed that through integrins αvβ3/αvβ5, CCN1 induces NF-κB-dependent Jag1 expression to regulate Notch activation for differentiation and promotes Src-mediated YAP activation and Dkk1 expression to control Wnt signaling for proliferation. Moreover, CCN1 and YAP amplify the activities of each other in a regulatory loop. These findings establish CCN1 as a niche factor in the intestinal crypts, providing insights into how matrix signaling exerts overarching control of ISC homeostasis.
Peptide vaccine-treated, long-term surviving cancer patients harbor self-renewing tumor-specific CD8+ T cells
Authors: Mizukoshi Eishiro , Nakagawa Hidetoshi , Tamai Toshikatsu , Kitahara Masaaki , Fushimi Kazumi , Nio Kouki , Terashima Takeshi , Iida Noriho , Arai Kuniaki , Yamashita Tatsuya , Yamashita Taro , Sakai Yoshio , Honda Masao , Kaneko Shuichi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe behaviors and fates of immune cells in cancer patients, such as dysfunction and stem-like states leading to memory formation in T cells, are in intense focus of investigation. Here we show, by post hoc analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes of hepatocellular carcinoma patients previously undergoing vaccination with tumour-associated antigen-derived peptides in our clinical trials (registration numbers UMIN000003511, UMIN000004540, UMIN000005677, UMIN000003514 and UMIN000005678), that induced peptide-specific T cell responses may persist beyond 10 years following vaccination. Tracking TCR clonotypes at the single cell level reveals in two patients that peptide-specific long-lasting CD8+ T cells acquire an effector memory phenotype that associates with cell cycle-related genes (CCNA2 and CDK1), and are characterized by high expression of IL7R, SELL, and NOSIP along with a later stage promotion of the AP-1 transcription factor network (5 years or more past vaccination). We conclude that effective anti-tumor immunity is governed by potentially proliferative memory T cells, specific to cancer antigens.
Structures of a mammalian TRPM8 in closed state
Authors: Zhao Cheng , Xie Yuan , Xu Lizhen , Ye Fan , Xu Ximing , Yang Wei , Yang Fan , Guo Jiangtao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTransient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) channel is a Ca2+-permeable non-selective cation channel that acts as the primary cold sensor in humans. TRPM8 is also activated by ligands such as menthol, icilin, and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), and desensitized by Ca2+. Here we have determined electron cryo-microscopy structures of mouse TRPM8 in the absence of ligand, and in the presence of Ca2+ and icilin at 2.5–3.2 Å resolution. The ligand-free state TRPM8 structure represents the full-length structure of mammalian TRPM8 channels with a canonical S4-S5 linker and the clearly resolved selectivity filter and outer pore loop. TRPM8 has a short but wide selectivity filter which may account for its permeability to hydrated Ca2+. Ca2+ and icilin bind in the cytosolic-facing cavity of the voltage-sensing-like domain of TRPM8 but induce little conformational change. All the ligand-bound TRPM8 structures adopt the same closed conformation as the ligand-free structure. This study reveals the overall architecture of mouse TRPM8 and the structural basis for its ligand recognition.
Conformational change of Syntaxin-3b in regulating SNARE complex assembly in the ribbon synapses
Authors: Gething Claire , Ferrar Joshua , Misra Bishal , Howells Giovanni , Andrzejewski Alexa L. , Bowen Mark E. , Choi Ucheor B. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNeurotransmitter release of synaptic vesicles relies on the assembly of the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) complex, consisting of syntaxin and SNAP-25 on the plasma membrane and synaptobrevin on the synaptic vesicle. The formation of the SNARE complex progressively zippers towards the membranes, which drives membrane fusion between the plasma membrane and the synaptic vesicle. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of SNARE complex regulation is unclear. In this study, we investigated the syntaxin-3b isoform found in the retinal ribbon synapses using single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) to monitor the conformational changes of syntaxin-3b that modulate the SNARE complex formation. We found that syntaxin-3b is predominantly in a self-inhibiting closed conformation, inefficiently forming the ternary SNARE complex. Conversely, a phosphomimetic mutation (T14E) at the N-terminal region of syntaxin-3b promoted the open conformation, similar to the constitutively open form of syntaxin LE mutant. When syntaxin-3b is bound to Munc18-1, SNARE complex formation is almost completely blocked. Surprisingly, the T14E mutation of syntaxin-3b partially abolishes Munc18-1 regulation, acting as a conformational switch to trigger SNARE complex assembly. Thus, we suggest a model where the conformational change of syntaxin-3b induced by phosphorylation initiates the release of neurotransmitters in the ribbon synapses.
The Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Caregiver Experience During the Pandemic: A Preliminary Qualitative Exploration and Reflection of Interview Data
Authors: Thomas Karin E. , Lyndes Kathryn , Jackson Katie 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
The COVID-19 pandemic created an unprecedented caregiving environment. This preliminary study explored self-perceptions of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) caregiver experiences of unique challenges, the impact of the pandemic, and the available and needed resources to be more effective caregivers.

Method:
This study incorporated a brief qualitative interview, which was analyzed using a narrative, thematic approach. The sample consisted of eight ALS caregivers recruited from support groups, hospitals, clinics, and medical professional referrals.

Results:
While the eight caregivers were affected to varying degrees by the pandemic, several positive and negative themes emerged from their answers. The main positive theme was the perception of the availability of support groups and medical services through virtual formats and telemedicine services. Negative themes included a sense of increased caregiver burden during the pandemic along with the view that medical personnel needed more advanced training to meet the unique needs of patients with ALS and caregivers.

Conclusions:
Although the sample was small and nonrepresentative, the interviews shed light on possible issues that, if addressed, could create improved perception of medical support and lower feelings of burden. For instance, caregiver perceptions of needed training could be addressed through caregiver education about the roles and availability of medical personnel. Health care teams could also benefit from understanding the unique roles and needs, including a sense of burden in ALS caregivers, and by offering increased appointments through virtual formats.
Scale adaptive fitness evaluation‐based particle swarm optimisation for hyperparameter and architecture optimisation in neural networks and deep learning
Authors: Wang Ye‐Qun , Li Jian‐Yu , Chen Chun‐Hua , Zhang Jun , Zhan Zhi‐Hui 
Published: June 2022

AbstractResearch into automatically searching for an optimal neural network (NN) by optimisation algorithms is a significant research topic in deep learning and artificial intelligence. However, this is still challenging due to two issues: Both the hyperparameter and architecture should be optimised and the optimisation process is computationally expensive. To tackle these two issues, this paper focusses on solving the hyperparameter and architecture optimization problem for the NN and proposes a novel light‐weight scale‐adaptive fitness evaluation‐based particle swarm optimisation (SAFE‐PSO) approach. Firstly, the SAFE‐PSO algorithm considers the hyperparameters and architectures together in the optimisation problem and therefore can find their optimal combination for the globally best NN. Secondly, the computational cost can be reduced by using multi‐scale accuracy evaluation methods to evaluate candidates. Thirdly, a stagnation‐based switch strategy is proposed to adaptively switch different evaluation methods to better balance the search performance and computational cost. The SAFE‐PSO algorithm is tested on two widely used datasets: The 10‐category (i.e., CIFAR10) and the 100−category (i.e., CIFAR100). The experimental results show that SAFE‐PSO is very effective and efficient, which can not only find a promising NN automatically but also find a better NN than compared algorithms at the same computational cost.
A new blind anti‐jamming algorithm based on a novel antenna array design
Authors: Yang Xin , Wang Feixue , Liu Wenxiang , Chen Feiqiang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe next‐generation navigation tools are developed to enable precision and reliability. Military users are more likely to encounter jamming, so it is necessary to seek the technologies which can steadily provide high‐precision positioning services in all‐weather and harsh conditions. However, when users use an array antenna for interference suppression, it usually introduces pseudorange and carrier phase biases, which deteriorates the accuracy and integrity of positioning. To address this issue, the authors propose a blind anti‐interference algorithm with biases suppression. Compared to the commonly used blind space–time adaptive anti‐jamming algorithms, this algorithm can not only retain the advantages of the simple structure of the blind anti‐jamming algorithm but also suppress pseudorange biases and carrier phase biases, both of which are crucial for users to obtain the availability of positioning. Moreover, the algorithm proposed can be applied easily and quickly to the actual high‐precision positioning system with minor hardware changes in some cases. The relevant theoretical analysis and experiments have proved the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm: (1) code phase biases and carrier phase biases can almost be ignored and (2) it also can significantly improve the accuracy and integrity of positioning; the average positioning error is 1.6 mm, and it can keep the positioning accuracy better than 0.1 m for 97.5% of the time.
GRPr Theranostics: Current Status of Imaging and Therapy using GRPr Targeting Radiopharmaceuticals
Authors: Kurth Jens , Potratz Madlin , Heuschkel Martin , Krause Bernd J , Schwarzenböck Sarah Marie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAddressing molecular targets, that are overexpressed by various tumor entities, using radiolabeled molecules for a combined diagnostic and therapeutic (theranostic) approach is of increasing interest in oncology. The gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPr), which is part of the bombesin family, has shown to be overexpressed in a variety of tumors, therefore, serving as a promising target for those theranostic applications. A large amount of differently radiolabeled bombesin derivatives addressing the GRPr have been evaluated in the preclinical as well as clinical setting showing fast blood clearance and urinary excretion with selective GRPr-binding. Most of the available studies on GRPr-targeted imaging and therapy have evaluated the theranostic approach in prostate and breast cancer applying bombesin derivatives tagged with the predominantly used theranostic pair of 68Ga/177Lu which is the focus of this review.
Update Breast Cancer 2022 Part 1 – Early Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Welslau Manfred , Müller Volkmar , Lüftner Diana , Schütz Florian , Stickeler Elmar , Fasching Peter A. , Janni Wolfgang , Thomssen Christoph , Witzel Isabell , Fehm Tanja N. , Belleville Erik , Bader Simon , Seitz Katharina , Untch Michael , Thill Marc , Tesch Hans , Ditsch Nina , Lux Michael P. , Aktas Bahriye , Banys-Paluchowski Maggie , Schneeweiss Andreas , Harbeck Nadia , Würstlein Rachel , Hartkopf Andreas D. , Wöckel Achim , Seliger Barbara , Massa Chiara , Kolberg Hans-Christian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEvidence relating to the treatment of breast cancer patients with early-stage disease has increased significantly in the past year. Abemaciclib, olaparib, and pembrolizumab are new drugs
with good efficacy in the relevant patient groups. However, some questions remain unanswered. In particular, it remains unclear which premenopausal patients with hormone receptor-positive
breast cancer should be spared unnecessary treatment. The question of the degree to which chemotherapy exerts a direct cytotoxic effect on the tumor or reduces ovarian function through
chemotherapy could be of key importance. This group of patients could potentially be spared chemotherapy. New, previously experimental biomarker analysis methods, such as spatial analysis of
gene expression (spatial transcriptomics) are gradually finding their way into large randomized phase III trials, such as the NeoTRIP trial. This in turn leads to a better understanding of
the predictive factors of new therapies, for example immunotherapy. This review summarizes the scientific innovations from recent congresses such as the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium
2021 but also from recent publications.
Imidazolium based ionic liquids as green corrosion inhibitors against corrosion of mild steel in acidic media
Authors: Ganjoo Richika , Bharmal Aayan , Sharma Shveta , Thakur Abhinay , Assad Humira , Kumar Ashish 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Ionic liquids are compounds that consist entirely of ions. Since the last decade, ionic liquids have evolved as effective corrosion inhibitors. Ionic liquids are extensively used as potent corrosion inhibitors against metals and alloys because of their high solubility, low toxicity, low melting point, high polarity, and very high stability to thermal and chemical processes. This review would focus on the excellent inhibition properties of imidazolium-based ionic liquids, as well as the different factors that affect the inhibition efficacy of these compounds, such as the effect of chain length, molecular surface area, and position of substituents attached to the imidazolium ring, and so on. This article discusses the recently analyzed imidazolium-based ionic liquids and their inhibition mechanisms as studied by employing several techniques such as Potentiodynamic polarization, Weight loss, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Atomic force microscopy (AFM), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Density functional theory (DFT) studies, Molecular dynamics simulations and so on.
Double Divisor Cordial Labeling of Graphs
Authors: Sharma Vishally , Parthiban A 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this paper a new variant of divisor cordial labeling (DCL) named double divisor cordial labeling (DDCL) is in-troduced. A DDCL of a graph Gω
having a node set Vω
is a bijection gω
from Vω
to {1,2,3,…, |Vω
|} such that each edge yz is given the label 1 if 2gω
(y)/gω
(z) or 2gω
(z)/gω
(y) and 0 otherwise, then the modulus of difference of edges labeled 0 and those labeled 1 do not exceed 1 i.e; |eg
ω
(0) — eg
ω
(1)| ≤ 1. If a graph permits a DDCL, then it is known as double divisor cordial graph (DDCG). In this paper we derive certain general results concerning DDCL and establish the same for some well known graphs.
A Review: Differential transform in numerical study of differential equations
Authors: Bhardwaj Adarsh , Arora Geeta 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Differential equation plays an important role in understanding various phenomenon of science and engineering. Various methods have been developed by mathematicians to obtain a numerical solution of differential equations with minimum errors, transform methods are one of such numerical methods. Till present no transform methods claims to have zero error in obtaining the numerical or exact solution of the given differential equations. Few of well-known transform methods are Laplace transform, Sumudu transforms, Differential transform, Integral transform method etc. In this paper the review of Laplace transform is presented which is one of the tools used by scientists and researchers in finding the solution to their differential equation. In this work, 18 research papers of applications of Laplace transform have been studied and it is shown how this transform has been used by other researchers to obtain the exact solution of ordinary, partial and fractional differential equations. To present a literature review on application of Laplace transform is the main objective of this work.
Bifurcation induced by delay parameter in plant growth dynamics
Authors: Kaur D 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a mathematical model is proposed for plant growth dynamics using delay differential equations. The state variables considered are: plant biomass and nutrient concentration. It is assumed that the delayed nutrient concentration adversely affects the plant growth. The positivity of solutions is established and the feasible interior equilibrium point is calculated. The stability of the system around the interior equilibrium is checked. Hopf-Bifurcation occurred around the critical value of the delay parameter. Analytical findings are supported using MATLAB simulation.
Thermodynamic and acoustical properties of glycols in aqueous glutaraldehyde solutions
Authors: Neopaney B D , Kaur P 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In the current study, various thermodynamic and acoustical properties have been analyzed using density (ρ) and ultrasonic velocity (u) of liquid mixture aqueous glutaraldehyde with EG, DEG and TEG. It is carried out at different temperatures (293.15, 298.15, 303.15 and 308.15 K) and concentrations (0.01, 0.02, 0.03 and 0.04 mol.kg−1). Values of acoustic impendence (Z), adiabatic compressibility (β) and intermolecular free length (Lf) are calculated with the help of given velocity and density data. Adiabatic compressibility and intermolecular free length decreased with the rise in concentration, indicating weak interaction between the molecules of the mixture. Acoustic impedance varies linearly as concentration increases, indicating the absence of complex formation.
Application of Voltage Difference transconductance Amplifier (VDTA) for realization of analog active filter: Review
Authors: Zaffer Masooma , Kamboj Uma 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The paper reviews the published work for realization of analog signal processing circuits especially filters using VDTA as an active building block. VDTA is new active building block which has been used to realize the filters and other analog signal processing networks. Important advantage of ideal effects of VDTA is also presented. Moreover, various types of active filters employing VDTA is its electronic tuning of transconductance gain. At the outset of this review paper brief account of filters and their application is given. Detailed study including Non-VDTA is also presented.
Molecular interaction study of glycols in water and sodium ethylparaben mixtures using acoustic method
Authors: Thakur Ashima , Sharma Gourav , Ahmad Bashir 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Volumetric and acoustic analysis is used to study the interaction between sodium ethylparaben and ethylene glycol and propylene glycol as a function of temperature. Taking densities and speed of sound measurements at 0.1MPa and T=303.15 and 308.15K completes the approximation of apparent molar volume and apparent molar isentropic compression of glycols in aqueous solutions of sodium ethylparaben. At 303.15K and 308.15K, various parameters such as acoustic impedance, intermolecular free length, adiabatic compressibility, relaxation time, ultrasonic attenuation, relative association, and Gibbs’s free energy of glycols with sodium methyl in aqueous medium were investigated using density, viscosity, and sound speed data. Acoustic parameters such as adiabatic compressibility and intermolecular free lengths have the same behaviour as these assessed parameters, however acoustic impedance has the opposite behaviour. Between the solute and the solvent, there is a strong contact.
“Generating matrix for Generalized Fibonacci numbers and Fibonacci polynomials
Authors: Arya Mannu , Verma Vipin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMany researchers have been working on recurrence relation sequences of numbers and polynomials which are useful topic not only in mathematics but also in physics, economics and various applications in many other fields. There are many useful identities on recurrence relation sequence but there main problem to find any term of recurrence relation sequence we need to find previous all terms of recurrence relation sequence of numbers and polynomials. There were many important theorems obtained on recurrence relation sequences. In this paper we have given special identity for generalized Fibonacci sequence of number and Fibonacci sequence of polynomials. These identities are very useful to represent Fibonacci generalized sequence of numbers and Fibonacci sequence of polynomials in the form of matrix. Authors define a special formula in this paper by this we can find special representation of Fibonacci generalized sequence of numbers and Fibonacci sequence of polynomials in the form of matrix. So, we can say that this paper is generalization of property of Fibonacci sequence of number and Fibonacci sequence of polynomials