bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Malaria parasite carriage before and two years after the implementation of seasonal malaria chemoprevention: a case study of the Saraya health district, southern Senegal
Authors: Manga Isaac Akhenaton , BA Mamadou Sarifou , Tairou Fassiatou , Seck Amadou , Kouevidjin Ekoue , Sow Doudou , Sylla Khadime , Ndiaye Magatte , Ba Fall Fatou , Gueye Alioune Babara , Diallo Ibrahima , Ndiop Médoune , Ba Mady , Tine Roger Clément , Gaye Omar , Faye Babacar , Ndiaye Jean Louis Abdourahim 
Published: July 2022

Background: Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) has been adopted and implemented in the southern regions of Senegal in children aged between three and 120 months since 2013. Scaling up this strategy requires its evaluation to assess the impact. This study was carried out to determine the dynamics of Plasmodium falciparum carriage before and after two years of SMC implementation. Methods: Four household surveys were conducted in villages in the health district of Saraya, which is a SMC implementation area in Senegal. These villages were selected using probability proportional to size sampling. Each selected village was divided into segments containing at least 50 children. In each segment, a household questionnaire was administered to the parents or legal representatives of children aged three to 120 months. Blood smears were collected to determine P. falciparum prevalence by microscopy one month before the first round of SMC, one month after the last round of the first SMC campaign and two years after the start of the implementation. Results: A total of 2008 children were included with a mean average age of 4.81 (+/-2.73) years. Of the study population, 50.33% were more than five years old and 50.3% were male. In 2013, mosquito net ownership was 99.4 % before the SMC campaign and 97.4% after. In 2015, it was 36.6% before and 45.8% after the campaign. In 2013, the prevalence of plasmodium carriage was 11.8% before and 6.1% after the SMC campaign. In 2015, the prevalence was 4.9% before the administration of SMC and this increased up to 15.3% after. Malaria prevalence was high among children over five years old and in boys. Conclusions: The decrease in Plasmodium falciparum parasite prevalence, which subsequently increased after two years of SMC implementation in this study, suggests adding an extra cycle of the SMC or adjusting the administration period.
BODY COMPOSITION IN PERSONS OF THE FIRST PERIOD OF ADULTHOOD WITH DIFFERENT AGING RATES
Authors: Tyatenkova Nataliya N. , Uvarova Yuliya E. , Bragina Aleksandra M. 
Published: July 2022

The aim of the study was to find out the body composition features in persons of the first period of adulthood with different aging rates.
Methods. The 2404 patient (607 men and 1797 women) of the first period of adulthood were observed. Body length, body weight, waist and hip circumferences were recorded according to generally accepted methods. The body composition was studied by the bioimpedance measurement. The biological age and the aging rate were calculated using the formulas of A.G. Gorelkin and B.B. Pinkhasov.
Results. The majority of men (57.5%) had an accelerated aging rate, the majority of women (51.2%) had a delayed aging. The biological age of 19.1% men and 15.2% women coincided with the calendar age. Body composition differed statistically significantly in group with different aging rates and sex groups. The content of the relative fat mass increased and the relative lean, musculoskeletal, active cell masses decrease with increasing aging rate. The proportion of men and women with accelerated aging in the group with increased fat mass was 92.5% and 98.4% respectively. Excess fat mass increases the chances of premature aging by 5.5 times in men and 1.3 times in women in compared to individuals with optimal fat mass.
Conclusion. The aging rate in men was highly correlated with fat, musculoskeletal masses and total body water, in women - with fat mass and total body water. High fat mass contributed to premature aging.
Sunk Cost Bias and Time Inconsistency: A Strategic Analysis of Pricing Decisions
Authors: Jain Sanjay , Chen Haipeng (Allan) 
Published: July 2022

It is generally acknowledged that sunk cost bias leads to suboptimal decisions, such as escalation of commitment. Some researchers, however, suggest that sunk cost bias can be beneficial when consumers have self-control problems. In this paper we explore the case when consumers with sunk cost bias have time-inconsistent preferences and, therefore, suffer from self-control problems. We experimentally demonstrate that sunk costs can make subjects better off by inducing higher effort. We then develop an analytical model to explore the implications of sunk cost bias for firm’s pricing strategy. We find that, in the presence of sunk cost bias, higher prices can lead to higher experienced quality. We show that sunk cost bias can sometimes improve firm’s profits, lead to lower prices, and increase welfare. Our results suggest that, when consumers use a product for multiple periods, pricing policies such as 0% financing, which are often viewed as exploitative, can instead lead to lower total prices, higher profits, and higher welfare. This paper was accepted by Matthew Shum, marketing. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4479 .
Home range and movement ecology of the woolly opossum (Caluromys derbianus) in a Neotropical rainforest of Costa Rica
Authors: Muñoz-López Melissa , Villalobos-Chaves David , Rojas-Valerio Emmanuel , Rodríguez-Herrera Bernal 
Published: July 2022

Comprender el movimiento de los animales es fundamental para dilucidar cómo las especies no sésiles sobreviven y se reproducen, así como su influencia en los procesos y patrones evolutivos y ecológicos. Al caracterizar los movimientos espaciales de un mamífero neotropical, nuestro objetivo fue generar información con respecto al ámbito hogareño y a la ecología del movimiento del zorro de balsa, Caluromys derbianus. El trabajo de campo se realizó en un bosque Neotropical lluvioso de Costa Rica donde los animales fueron capturados y equipados con un transmisor de radio montado en un collar. Los datos sobre las localizaciones espaciales fueron luego analizados para estimar el ámbito hogareño y las áreas de actividad para los animales. Las áreas de actividad y área promedio del ámbito hogareño de los zorros de balsa se concentraron en parches pequeños (< 2 ha para el ámbito hogareño, ≤ 1.1 ha para áreas de alimentación y < 0.5 ha para áreas de uso principal). En general, nuestros resultados contribuyen al conocimiento sobre la historia natural del zorro de balsa neotropical, además de destacar que, como se esperaba, C. derbianus es una especie que probablemente puede cumplir con sus requisitos más críticos dentro de las áreas con una actividad reducida. Así, argumentamos que una dieta oportunista y omnívora, además de un hábitat bien conservado contribuye a los patrones de movimiento del zorro de balsa observado. Los siguientes esfuerzos deben centrarse en aumentar el tamaño de la muestra y los períodos de rastreo para así mejorar la comprensión de patrones en el uso del hábitat y de los recursos.
A Novel Convolutional Neural Network Model as an Alternative Approach to Bowel Preparation Evaluation Before Colonoscopy in the COVID-19 Era: A Multicenter, Single-Blinded, Randomized Study
Authors: Lu Yang-Bor , Lu Si-Cun , Huang Yung-Ning , Cai Shun-Tian , Le Puo-Hsien , Hsu Fang-Yu , Hu Yan-Xing , Hsieh Hui-Shan , Chen Wei-Ting , Xia Gui-Li , Xu Hong-Zhi , Gong Wei 
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Adequate bowel preparation is key to a successful colonoscopy, which is necessary for detecting adenomas and preventing colorectal cancer. We developed an artificial intelligence (AI) platform using a convolutional neural network (CNN) model (AI-CNN model) to evaluate the quality of bowel preparation before colonoscopy.

METHODS:
This was a colonoscopist-blinded, randomized study. Enrolled patients were randomized into an experimental group, in which our AI-CNN model was used to evaluate the quality of bowel preparation (AI-CNN group), or a control group, which performed self-evaluation per routine practice (control group). The primary outcome was the consistency (homogeneity) between the results of the 2 methods. The secondary outcomes included the quality of bowel preparation according to the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS), polyp detection rate, and adenoma detection rate.

RESULTS:
A total of 1,434 patients were enrolled (AI-CNN, n = 730; control, n = 704). No significant difference was observed between the evaluation results (“pass” or “not pass”) of the groups in the adequacy of bowel preparation as represented by BBPS scores. The mean BBPS scores, polyp detection rate, and adenoma detection rate were similar between the groups. These results indicated that the AI-CNN model and routine practice were generally consistent in the evaluation of bowel preparation quality. However, the mean BBPS score of patients with “pass” results were significantly higher in the AI-CNN group than in the control group, indicating that the AI-CNN model may further improve the quality of bowel preparation in patients exhibiting adequate bowel preparation.

DISCUSSION:
The novel AI-CNN model, which demonstrated comparable outcomes to the routine practice, may serve as an alternative approach for evaluating bowel preparation quality before colonoscopy.
Digitalisierung, Prozessorientierung und strategische Ausrichtung von zentralen Betriebseinheiten – Die Entwicklung von Bibliothek und Rechenzentrum am Beispiel von zwei konkreten Einrichtungen
Authors: Knorn Barbara , Oevel Gudrun 
Published: July 2022

Zusammenfassung
In einer Retroperspektive werden die Entwicklung der Aufgaben und strukturellen Einbindung der zentralen Betriebseinheiten Bibliothek und Rechenzentrum an Hochschulen in Deutschland aufgezeigt und die allgemeinen Aussagen anhand der beiden Einrichtungen Bibliothek der Universität Bielefeld und Rechenzentrum der Universität Paderborn verdeutlicht. Zudem werden die aktuellen Herausforderungen im Spannungsfeld von Innovation und Nachhaltigkeit, Serviceorientierung und Wirtschaftlichkeit sowie Strategie und Alltagsgeschäft diskutiert. Als Erfolgsfaktoren für eine permanente Weiterentwicklung werden die Vernetzung und Kooperation der Einrichtungen sowie eine enge Anbindung an die Hochschulleitung herausgestellt.
Informationskompetente Grundschulkinder
Authors: Andersen Gesine 
Published: July 2022

Zusammenfassung
Kinder wachsen heute mit dem Internet und einem breiten Medienrepertoire auf. Um Informationen online zu recherchieren, nutzen sie Suchmaschinen, Kindersuchmaschinen oder Videoplattformen. Sie sind dabei verschiedenen Formaten von Inhalten mit unterschiedlicher Qualität ausgesetzt, mit denen sie lernen müssen umzugehen.In diesem Artikel wird das Forschungsvorhaben der Autorin beschrieben. Ziel des Dissertationsprojektes ist es, den Stand der Informationskompetenz von Grundschulkindern zu erheben. Die Ergebnisse sollen als Grundlage dafür dienen, Empfehlungen für die Gestaltung von Unterricht zu formulieren, um die Förderung von Informationskompetenz sinnvoll in die Grundschule zu integrieren.
On a family of representations of the Higman–Thompson groups
Authors: Guimarães André , Pinto Paulo R. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We obtain an uncountable family of inequivalent and irreducible representations of the Higman–Thompson groups

F
n

⊂

T
n

⊂

V
n

F_{n}\subset T_{n}\subset V_{n}

.
This is accomplished by considering a family of representations of the Higman–Thompson groups

V
n

V_{n}

that arise from representations of Cuntz algebras, each one acting on a Hilbert space built upon the orbit of a point

x
∈

[
0
,
1
)

x\in[0,1)

under the dynamical system

Φ
⁢

(
x
)

=

n
⁢
x

(

mod
1

)

\Phi(x)=nx\pmod{1}

.
Every such representation is retrieved through the action of

V
n

V_{n}

on

orb
⁡

(
x
)

\operatorname{orb}(x)

, and their restrictions to the subgroups

F
n

F_{n}

and

T
n

T_{n}

of

V
n

V_{n}

are studied using properties of the groups.
Finite element analysis of the soil and foundations of the Al-Kufa Mosque
Authors: Al-Jiboury Hasan Mahdi , Fakhraldin Mohammed Kadum 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The Great Mosque of Kufa, built in 639 CE and located in Al-Kufa, Iraq, is considered one of the most important mosques in the Islamic world. Because cracks appeared in the historical walls of the Al-Kufa Mosque during the construction of the Muslim Bin Aqeel Underpass, the values and locations of bending moment and shear force may be useful for wall maintenance. So, this study aims to determine the maximum and minimum values and locations of settlement, bending moment, and shear forces under the mosque walls’ foundations. Historical references are used to know the previous architectures of the mosque. Also, archaeological investigation reports are adopted to find out the characteristics of the foundations like their dimensions, depths, and materials. Soil investigation reports are used to know the soil layer’s properties and parameters. For non-mentioned soil parameters in soil investigation reports, they are determined depending on the theoretical equations, charts, statistical correlations, and models. A model of soil layers, foundations, and walls is conducted and analyzed using finite element software to determine the deformations of soil layers under the mosque’s brick foundations and walls. According to the analysis, maximum bending moment and shear force were found under the minaret near the Al-Thuaban gate.
A new corpus annotation framework for Latin diachronic lexical semantics
Authors: McGillivray Barbara , Kondakova Daria , Burman Annie , Dell’Oro Francesca , Bermúdez Sabel Helena , Marongiu Paola , Márquez Cruz Manuel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe present a new corpus-based resource and methodology for the annotation of Latin lexical semantics, consisting of 2,399 annotated passages of 40 lemmas from the Latin diachronic corpus LatinISE. We also describe how the annotation was designed, analyse annotators’ styles, and present the preliminary results of a study on the lexical semantics and diachronic change of the 40 lemmas. We complement this analysis with a case study on semantic vagueness. As the availability of digital corpora of ancient languages increases, and as computational research develops new methods for large-scale analysis of diachronic lexical semantics, building lexical semantic annotation resources can shed new light on large-scale patterns in the semantic development of lexical items over time. We share recommendations for designing the annotation task that will hopefully help similar research on other less-resourced or historical languages.
Pengaruh Latihan Plyometric Rim Jump terhadap Tinggi Lompatan Blok Permainan Bola Voli
Authors: Bakar Abu , Candra Adiska Rani Ditya , Romadhoni Wiga Nurlatifa , Ulinnuha Rizam Ahada Nur 
Published: July 2022

Permasalahan penelitian ini adalah kurangnya lompatan dalam melakukan teknik blok permainan bola voli pada atlet BVC Mandiri Junior Kabupaten Banggai. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan Plyometric Rim Jump terhadap Tinggi Lompatan Block Bola Voli atlet BVC Mandiri Junior Kabupaten Banggai. Metode penelitian adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan menggunakan rancangan one group pretest postest design atau tidak adanya kelompok kontrol. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan uji paired sample t-test menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh nilai thitung sebesar 10,900 dan ttabel sebesar 1,795 dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000. Nilai df adalah 11 dan nilai signifikansi (α=0,05) adalah 0,050. Karena thitung > ttabel atau 10,900> 1,795 dengan taraf signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05 maka hipotesis nol atau H0 yang menyatakan tidak ada pengaruh ditolak dan hipotesis alternatif atau Ha yang menyatakan ada pengaruh diterima. Berdasarkan hasil yang menyatakan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari latihan plyometric rim jump terhadap lompatan blok maka kesimpulannya adalah dengan latihan pyometric rim jump dapat memberikan pengaruh pada tinggi lompatan blok pada permainan bola voli khususnya pada atlet BVC Mandiri Junior Kabupaten Banggai.
Application of Legal Customs in Lithuania in 1918–1940
Authors: Machovenko Jevgenij 
Published: July 2022

This article determines, based on legal norms, case law, and the scientific doctrine, the significance of legal customs in Lithuania in 1918–1940: it describes the legal customs in the status quo res erant ante bellum, i.e., in relation to which social groups and to what extent were the customs applied in Lithuania under the law of the Russian Empire. The significance of the constitutional provision on the reception of pre-war law for legal customs is revealed. The paper also describes the policy of the legislator with regard to legal customs, the limits of the application of customs by law, and the tendencies of legislation in this regard.
Thermal degradation and kinetic studies of redwood (Pinus sylvestris L.)
Authors: Anter N. , Guida M. Y. , Kasbaji M. , Chennani A. , Medaghri-Alaoui A. , Rakib E. M. , Hannioui A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this scientific paper, thermochemical conversion of redwood (RW) was studied. Using the thermogravimetric analysis' technique (TGA), the thermal behavior of RW samples was examined at four heating rates ranging from 5 to 20 K min−1 in inert atmosphere between 300 and 900 K. Two main objectives have been set for this study; the first one was the determination of the kinetic decomposition parameters of RW (Pinus sylvestris L.), and the second one was the study of the variation of characteristic parameters from the TG-DTG curves of the main RW's components, such as; cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The kinetic analysis was performed using three isoconversional methods (Vyazovkin (VYA), Friedman (FR) and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO)), Avrami theory method and the Integral master-plots (Z(x)/Z(0.5)) method to estimate activation energy (Ea), reaction order (n), pre-exponential factor (A) and model kinetic (f(x)) for the thermal decomposition of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin components.The DTG and TG curves showed that three stages identify the thermal decomposition of RW, the first stage corresponds to the decomposition of hemicellulose and the second stage corresponds to the cellulose, while the third stage corresponds to the lignin's decomposition. For the range of conversion degree (x) investigated (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.7), the mean values of apparent activation energies for RW biomass were 127.60–130.65 KJ mol−1, 173.74–176.48 KJ mol−1 and 197.21–200.36 KJ mol−1 for hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, respectively. Through varied temperatures from 550 to 600 K for hemicellulose, from 600 to 650 K for cellulose and from 750 to 800 K for lignin, the corresponding mean values of reaction order (n) were 0.200 for hemicellulose, 0.209 for cellulose and 0.047 for lignin. The pre-exponential factor's average values for three components of RW ranges from 0.08 × 1012 s−1 to 2.5 × 1012 s−1 (Ahemicellulose = 1.09 × 1012 s−1), 0.10 × 1014 s−1 to 0.28 × 1014 s−1 (Acellulose = 0.17 × 1014 s−1) and 3.07 × 1016 s−1 to 3.69 × 1016 s−1 (Alignin = 3.33 × 1016 s−1), respectively. The experimental data of RW had overlapped the D4, D2 and F3 in the conversion degree of 10–30%, 30–55% and 55–70% for the three components, respectively.
Comparing Traditional and Deep Learning Signal Features for Event Detection in the Utah Region
Authors: Heck Stephen L. , Young Christopher J. , Brogan Ronald 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Advances in deep learning in the past decade have recently been applied to various algorithms in the seismic event monitoring data processing pipeline. In this article, we apply PhaseNet (Zhu and Beroza, 2018)—a deep learning model for seismic signal detection, to backprojection event detection in the Utah region using the Waveform Correlation Event Detection System (WCEDS). We compare PhaseNet-WCEDS with the original short-term average/long-term average (STA/LTA) version of WCEDS from Arrowsmith et al. (2016, 2018). Using the Unconstrained Utah Event Bulletin (Linville et al., 2019) as the “ground truth,” we present the precision and recall for each method for a variety of tuning parameters, with PhaseNet-WCEDS recall being approximately 86%, whereas STA/LTA-WCEDS recall was 66% across a range of detection thresholds. Furthermore, we show that the PhaseNet-WCEDS recall advantage holds across various subregions and event source types in the Utah region. We also introduce a local to near-regional event criteria test that reduces false positives by 55% whereas only reducing true positives by 7% for PhaseNet-WCEDS (60% and 17%, respectively, for STA/LTA-WCEDS). Using the event commonality score (ECS, Draelos et al., 2015), we explore the ECS-based event categories for PhaseNet-WCEDS and STA/LTA-WCEDS for two important subsets of our Utah data set—the Circleville aftershock sequence and events in the central mining region.
Aflatoxins and Ochratoxin A in Red Chili (Capsicum) Powder from Tunisia: Co-Occurrence and Fungal Associated Microbiota
Authors: Lasram S. , Hajri H. , Hamdi Z. 
Published: July 2022

.
Background: Mycotoxins are produced in foods as a result of mold infection of crops before and after harvest. The aim of this report was to assess, for the first time in Tunisia, the contamination of red chili powder with Aflatoxins (AFs) and Ochratoxin A (OTA) and to identify the associated microbiota.
Methods: Fifty-five samples of red Capsicum powder (Capsicum annuum) were screened for AFs and OTA and toxigenic fungal species. Mycotoxins were extracted using immunoaffinity columns and quantified by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Dilution method was realized for fungal isolation and confirmed Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) analysis. Data were statistically analysed using statistical software (version 5.0).
Results: Mycotoxins levels in 5 out of 55 samples were above the European Union (EU) limit. The highest co-occurrence of mycotoxins was found between AFB1 and OTA (39/55 samples). Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger were the most toxigenic species identified. The highest level of molds contamination found in Capsicum powder reached 7.91×106 Colony Forming Unit (CFU)/g.
Conclusion: The co-occurrence of two important mycotoxins (OTA and AFB1) observed in this study, alarm us about the hygienic risk raised by Tunisian consumers and raise the need to improve the production process for red Capsicum powder in Tunisia.
ADICHIE, Chimamanda Ngozi. O perigo de uma história única. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2019. 64 p.
Authors: Corrêa Ioneide Marques , Barbosa Iris De Fátima Lima 
Published: July 2022

A notória obra “O perigo de uma história única” de Chimananda Ngozi Adichie (1977) é uma adaptação da conhecida conferência TED talk (2009), que contabiliza mais de 28 milhões de visualizações, proferida pela premiada autora nigeriana. Disponível no Brasil na versão impressa desde 2018, o livro apresenta discussões sobre a problemática da representação única, geralmente estereotipada e utilizada para descrever ou mencionar realidades socioculturais distintas ao padrão hegemônico branco e eurocêntrico, proveniente dos discursos oficiais...