bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Everyday Adventures with Unruly Data
Authors: Feinberg Melanie 
Published: October 2022

Paired informal and scholarly essays show how everyday events reveal fundamental concepts of data, including its creation, aggregation, management, and use.
Whether questioning numbers on a scale, laughing at a misspelling of one's name, or finding ourselves confused in a foreign supermarket, we are engaging with data. The only way to handle data responsibly, says Melanie Feinberg in this incisive work, is to take into account its human character. Though the data she discusses may seem familiar, close scrutiny shows it to be ambiguous, complicated, and uncertain: unruly. Drawing on the tools of information science, she uses everyday events such as deciding between Blender A and Blender B on Amazon to demonstrate a practical, critical, and generative mode of thinking about data: its creation, management, aggregation, and use.
Each chapter pairs a self-contained main essay (an adventure) with a scholarly companion essay (the reflection). The adventure begins with an anecdote—visiting the library, running out of butter, cooking rice on a different stove. Feinberg argues that to understand the power and pitfalls of data science, we must attend to the data itself, not merely the algorithms that manipulate it. As she reflects on the implications of commonplace events, Feinberg explicates fundamental concepts of data that reveal the many tiny design decisions—which may not even seem like design at all—that shape how data comes to be. Through the themes of serendipity, objectivity, equivalence, interoperability, taxonomy, labels, and locality, she illuminates the surprisingly pervasive role of data in our daily thoughts and lives.
Constructing an atlas of associations between polygenic scores from across the human phenome and circulating metabolic biomarkers
Authors: Fang Si , Holmes Michael V , Gaunt Tom R , Davey Smith George , Richardson Tom G 
Published: October 2022

Background:Polygenic scores (PGS) are becoming an increasingly popular approach to predict complex disease risk, although they also hold the potential to develop insight into the molecular profiles of patients with an elevated genetic predisposition to disease.Methods:We sought to construct an atlas of associations between 125 different PGS derived using results from genome-wide association studies and 249 circulating metabolites in up to 83,004 participants from the UK Biobank.Results:As an exemplar to demonstrate the value of this atlas, we conducted a hypothesis-free evaluation of all associations with glycoprotein acetyls (GlycA), an inflammatory biomarker. Using bidirectional Mendelian randomization, we find that the associations highlighted likely reflect the effect of risk factors, such as adiposity or liability towards smoking, on systemic inflammation as opposed to the converse direction. Moreover, we repeated all analyses in our atlas within age strata to investigate potential sources of collider bias, such as medication usage. This was exemplified by comparing associations between lipoprotein lipid profiles and the coronary artery disease PGS in the youngest and oldest age strata, which had differing proportions of individuals undergoing statin therapy. Lastly, we generated all PGS–metabolite associations stratified by sex and separately after excluding 13 established lipid-associated loci to further evaluate the robustness of findings.Conclusions:We envisage that the atlas of results constructed in our study will motivate future hypothesis generation and help prioritize and deprioritize circulating metabolic traits for in-depth investigations. All results can be visualized and downloaded at http://mrcieu.mrsoftware.org/metabolites_PRS_atlas.Funding:This work is supported by funding from the Wellcome Trust, the British Heart Foundation, and the Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit.
Differences in the immune response elicited by two immunization schedules with an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in a randomized phase 3 clinical trial
Authors: Gálvez Nicolás MS , Pacheco Gaspar A , Schultz Bárbara M , Melo-González Felipe , Soto Jorge A , Duarte Luisa F , González Liliana A , Rivera-Pérez Daniela , Ríos Mariana , Berrios Roslye V , Vázquez Yaneisi , Moreno-Tapia Daniela , Vallejos Omar P , Andrade Catalina A , Hoppe-Elsholz Guillermo , Iturriaga Carolina , Urzua Marcela , Navarrete María S , Rojas Álvaro , Fasce Rodrigo , Fernández Jorge , Mora Judith , Ramírez Eugenio , Gaete-Argel Aracelly , Acevedo Mónica L , Valiente-Echeverría Fernando , Soto-Rifo Ricardo , Weiskopf Daniela , Grifoni Alba , Sette Alessandro , Zeng Gang , Meng Weining ,   CoronaVacCL03 Study Group, González-Aramundiz José V , Johnson Marina , Goldblatt David , González Pablo A , Abarca Katia , Bueno Susan M , Kalergis Alexis M 
Published: October 2022

Background:The development of vaccines to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic progression is a worldwide priority. CoronaVac is an inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine approved for emergency use with robust efficacy and immunogenicity data reported in trials in China, Brazil, Indonesia, Turkey, and Chile.Methods:This study is a randomized, multicenter, and controlled phase 3 trial in healthy Chilean adults aged ≥18 years. Volunteers received two doses of CoronaVac separated by 2 (0–14 schedule) or 4 weeks (0–28 schedule); 2302 volunteers were enrolled, 440 were part of the immunogenicity arm, and blood samples were obtained at different times. Samples from a single center are reported. Humoral immune responses were evaluated by measuring the neutralizing capacities of circulating antibodies. Cellular immune responses were assessed by ELISPOT and flow cytometry. Correlation matrixes were performed to evaluate correlations in the data measured.Results:Both schedules exhibited robust neutralizing capacities with the response induced by the 0–28 schedule being better. No differences were found in the concentration of antibodies against the virus and different variants of concern (VOCs) between schedules. Stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with Mega pools of Peptides (MPs) induced the secretion of interferon (IFN)-γ and the expression of activation induced markers in CD4+ T cells for both schedules. Correlation matrixes showed strong correlations between neutralizing antibodies and IFN-γ secretion.Conclusions:Immunization with CoronaVac in Chilean adults promotes robust cellular and humoral immune responses. The 0–28 schedule induced a stronger humoral immune response than the 0–14 schedule.Funding:Ministry of Health, Government of Chile, Confederation of Production and Commerce & Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Chile.Clinical trial number:NCT04651790
Association between hypomagnesemia and mortality among dialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Chi-Ya , Yang Chi-Chen , Hung Kuo-Chuan , Jiang Ming-Yan , Huang Yun-Ting , Hwang Jyh-Chang , Hsieh Chih-Chieh , Chuang Min-Hsiang , Chen Jui-Yi 
Published: October 2022

Background
Malnutrition-inflammation-atherosclerosis (MIA) syndrome is caused by the inflammatory cytokines in end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, and MIA complex-related factors may be associated with hypomagnesemia and mortality. However, the association between serum magnesium level and mortality for dialysis patients is still not clear. Additionally, no meta-analysis has investigated the impact of serum magnesium on peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis, separately.

Methods
We searched published studies in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Collaboration Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials, and Cochrane Systematic Reviews through April 2022. Studies associated with serum magnesium and all-cause mortality or cardiovascular (CV) mortality in ESRD on kidney replacement therapy (KRT) patients were included. A hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was used to report the outcomes.

Results
Twenty-one studies involving 55,232 patients were included. Overall, there was a significant association between hypomagnesemia and all-cause mortality for dialysis patients (HR: 1.67, 95% CI [1.412–2.00], p < 0.001; certainty of evidence: moderate) using a mixed unadjusted and adjusted HR for analysis. There was also a significantly increased risk of CV mortality for individuals with hypomagnesemia compared with the non-hypomagnesemia group (HR 1.56, 95% CI [1.08–2.25], p < 0.001; certainty of evidence: moderate). In addition, a subgroup analysis demonstrated that hypomagnesemia was associated with a high risk of both all-cause mortality and CV mortality (all-cause mortality, HR:1.80, 95% CI [1.48–2.19]; CV mortality, HR:1.84, 95% CI [1.10–3.07]) in hemodialysis (HD) patients, but not in participants receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD; all-cause mortality, HR:1.26, 95% CI [0.84–1.91]; CV mortality, HR:0.66, 95% CI [0.22–2.00]). The systematic review protocol was prespecified and registered in PROSPERO [CRD42021256187].

Conclusions
Hypomagnesemia may be a significant risk factor for all-cause mortality and CV mortality in KRT patients, especially in those receiving hemodialysis. However, because of the limited certainty of evidence, more studies are required to investigate this association.
Socio-economic Profile of Fruits and Vegetable Growers: An After the Fact Research
Authors: Gayathri G. N. , Sahana S. 
Published: October 2022

India is the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables in world. The fruits and vegetables production will give a positive hope to small and marginal farmers to increase their income compared to food grains. The productions of horticulture crops can improve the socio-economic status of farmers in short span due to their high value. The present study was conducted in Davangere district of Karnataka to know the socio-economic characteristics of the fruit and vegetable growers. The study has used Expost facto research design. The study was conducted by taking total sample of 120 viz., 40 farmers each from public, co-operative and private market interventions. The data was collected with help of pre tested interview schedule through personal interview. The majority of farmers had medium level of education in public (75.00%), co-operative (72.50%) and private (72.50%) market interventions. More than half the respondents had medium level of decision making ability in public (72.50%) and private (77.50%) market interventions but half of the had medium level (50.00%) of decision making ability in case of co-operative market intervention. The majority of the respondents belonged to medium level (87.50%) of market orientation in private market intervention. More than half of the farmers had medium level (77.50%) of information seeking behavior in case of public market intervention. The variables like education and information seeking behavior were found to be significantly associated with respect to knowledge level of public market intervention farmers. Cosmopoliteness was found to be significantly associated with respect to knowledge level of both co-operative and private market intervention farmers.
Misrepresentation and Nonadherence Regarding COVID-19 Public Health Measures
Authors: Levy Andrea Gurmankin , Thorpe Alistair , Scherer Laura D. , Scherer Aaron M. , Drews Frank A. , Butler Jorie M. , Burpo Nicole , Shoemaker Holly , Stevens Vanessa , Fagerlin Angela 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceThe effectiveness of public health measures implemented to mitigate the spread and impact of SARS-CoV-2 relies heavily on honesty and adherence from the general public.ObjectiveTo examine the frequency of, reasons for, and factors associated with misrepresentation and nonadherence regarding COVID-19 public health measures.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis survey study recruited a national, nonprobability sample of US adults to participate in an online survey using Qualtrics online panels (participation rate, 1811 of 2260 [80.1%]) from December 8 to 23, 2021. The survey contained screening questions to allow for a targeted sample of one-third who had had COVID-19, one-third who had not had COVID-19 and were vaccinated, and one-third who had not had COVID-19 and were unvaccinated.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe survey assessed 9 different types of misrepresentation and nonadherence related to COVID-19 public health measures and the reasons underlying such behaviors. Additional questions measured COVID-19–related beliefs and behaviors and demographic characteristics.ResultsThe final sample included 1733 participants. The mean (SD) participant age was 41 (15) years and the sample predominantly identified as female (1143 of 1732 [66.0%]) and non-Hispanic White (1151 of 1733 [66.4%]). Seven hundred twenty-one participants (41.6%) reported misrepresentation and/or nonadherence in at least 1 of the 9 items; telling someone they were with or about to be with in person that they were taking more COVID-19 preventive measures than they actually were (420 of 1726 [24.3%]) and breaking quarantine rules (190 of 845 [22.5%]) were the most common manifestations. The most commonly endorsed reasons included wanting life to feel normal and wanting to exercise personal freedom. All age groups younger than 60 years (eg, odds ratio for those aged 18-29 years, 4.87 [95% CI, 3.27-7.34]) and those who had greater distrust in science (odds ratio, 1.14 [95% CI, 1.05-1.23]) had significantly higher odds of misrepresentation and/or nonadherence for at least 1 of the 9 items.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this survey study of US adults, nearly half of participants reported misrepresentation and/or nonadherence regarding public health measures against COVID-19. Future work is needed to examine strategies for communicating the consequences of misrepresentation and nonadherence and to address contributing factors.
Congruence among multiple indices of habitat preference for species facing human‐induced rapid environmental change: A case study using the Brewer's sparrow
Authors: Carlin Max , Chalfoun Anna D. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Accurate evaluations of habitat preference are key to understanding optimal conditions for wildlife survival and reproduction. Habitat selection, however, usually is evaluated using a single index of preference, and congruence among multiple, relevant indices of preference is examined rarely.
We assessed the concordance between patterns of habitat preference using three different indices of breeding site preference in a migratory songbird. Specifically, we compared the chronology of territorial establishment, pair formation and reproductive initiation of the Brewer's sparrow (Spizella breweri) along a gradient of surface disturbance associated with natural gas development in Wyoming, USA during 2019.
We expected all three indices to demonstrate a preference for breeding sites with less surface disturbance, where reproductive success typically is higher. By contrast, all indices suggested suboptimal preference with respect to surface disturbance, with some discrepancy among them. The chronology of settlement and pairing did not vary across the disturbance gradient, whereas nest initiation tended to occur earlier at sites with more disturbance.
If the pattern of suboptimal selection of breeding sites that we identified is generalizable across other populations of migratory birds affected by energy development, the resultant lower fitness in those areas may exacerbate population declines.
Our results suggest that traditional, single‐index approaches to the study of habitat selection, if chosen carefully, may provide adequate inference on habitat preferences. Different metrics, however, can lead to at least subtle differences in patterns of habitat selection. The simultaneous examination of multiple indices of preference across a diversity of systems would help clarify the contexts under which preference metrics can become decoupled.
A Wide Bandgap Halide Perovskite Based Self‐Powered Blue Photodetector with 84.9% of External Quantum Efficiency
Authors: Yun Yeonghun , Han Gill Sang , Park Gyu Na , Kim Jihyun , Park Jinhong , Vidyasagar Devthade , Jung Jina , Choi Won Chang , Choi Young Jin , Heo Kwang , Kang Joohoon , Park Ji‐Sang , Jung Hyun Suk , Lee Sangwook 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA self‐powered, color‐filter‐free blue photodetector (PD) based on halide perovskites is reported. A high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 84.9%, which is the highest reported EQE in blue PDs, is achieved by engineering the A‐site monovalent cations of wide‐bandgap perovskites. The optimized composition of formamidinium (FA)/methylammonium (MA) increases the heat of formation, yielding a uniform and smooth film. The incorporation of Cs+ ions into the FA/MA composition suppresses the trap density and increases charge‐carrier mobility, yielding the highest average EQE of 77.4%, responsivity of 0.280 A W−1, and detectivity of 5.08 × 1012 Jones under blue light. Furthermore, Cs+ improves durability under repetitive operations and ambient atmosphere. The proposed device exhibits peak responsivity of 0.307 A W−1, which is higher than that of the commercial InGaN‐based blue PD (0.289 A W−1). This study will promote the development of next‐generation image sensors with vertically stacked perovskite PDs.
Direct Asymmetric α‐C−H Addition of N‐unprotected Propargylic Amines to Trifluoromethyl Ketones by Carbonyl Catalysis
Authors: Ji Pengwei , Liu Xiaopei , Xu Jiwei , Zhang Xu , Guo Jianhua , Chen Wen‐Wen , Zhao Baoguo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDirect asymmetric functionalization of the inert α C−H bonds of N‐unprotected propargylic amines is a big challenge in organic chemistry, due to the low acidity (pKa≈42.6) of the α C−H bonds and interruption of the nucleophilic NH2group. By using a chiral pyridoxal as carbonyl catalyst, we have successfully realized direct asymmetric α‐C−H addition of N‐unprotected propargylic amines to trifluoromethyl ketones, producing a broad range of chiral alkynyl β‐aminoalcohols in 54–84 % yields with excellent stereoselectivities (up to 20 : 1 dr and 99 % ee). The α C−H bonds of propargylic amines are greatly activated by the pyridoxal catalyst via the formation of an imine intermediate, resulting in the increase of acidity by up to 1022 times (from pKa 42.6 to pKa 20.1), which become acidic enough to be deprotonated under mild conditions for the asymmetric addition. This work presented an impressive example for asymmetric functionalization of inert C−H bonds enabled by an organocatalyst.
Lichtgesteuerte Konstruktion und Zerstörung: Schaltung zwischen zwei unterschiedlich zusammengesetzten käfigartigen Komplexen
Authors: Hugenbusch Daniel , Lehr Marc , von Glasenapp Jan‐Simon , McConnell Anna J. , Herges Rainer 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWir berichten über zwei regioisomere Diazocinliganden 1 und 2, die beide mit violettem und grünem Licht zwischen den E‐ und Z‐Konfigurationen geschaltet werden können. Die Selbstorganisation der vier Spezies (1‐Z, 1‐E, 2‐Z, 2‐E) mit CoII‐Ionen wurde nach Änderung der Koordinationsvektoren in Abhängigkeit von der Ligandenkonfiguration (E vs. Z) und dem Regioisomer (1 vs. 2) untersucht. Mit 1‐Z bildet sich Co2(1‐Z)3, während mit 2‐Z ein undefiniertes Gemisch verschiedener Spezies (Oligomere) beobachtet wurde. Bei Belichtung der E‐Konfigurationen mit 385 nm wurde die gegenteilige Situation beobachtet, wobei 1‐E Oligomere und 2‐E den Komplex Co2(2‐E)3 bildete. Der lichtgesteuerte Abbau/Aufbau wurde in einem Ligandenverdrängungsexperiment mit substöchiometrischen Mengen von CoII‐Ionen demonstriert. Die abwechselnde Bestrahlung mit violettem und grünem Licht führte zu einer reversiblen Umwandlung zwischen Co2(1‐Z)3 und Co2(2‐E)3 über mehrere Zyklen hinweg ohne signifikante Ermüdung.
Directing Group‐Free Formal Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling of Simple Ketones Enabled by Activation of Unstrained C−C Bonds
Authors: Huang Jiangkun , Yan Xufei , Xia Ying 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe use of ketones as electrophiles to couple with arylboronic acid derivatives via C−C bond activation has become a significant progress in the area of Suzuki–Miyaura coupling (SMC) reaction, in which a permanent or temporary directing group is often required to promote the activation of the unstrained C−C bond via oxidative addition. Herein, we disclosed the first example of directing group free formal SMC reaction of simple ketones with arylboronates via Rh‐catalyzed unstrained C−C bond activation. A wide range of simple ketones, including aryl alkyl ketones, diaryl ketones and aryl perfluoroalkyl ketones, can serve as electrophiles to participate in the SMC reaction with aryl or perfluoroalkyl as the leaving group. The key to the success of this reaction is by means of nucleophilic addition/β‐carbon elimination sequence that can activate the unstrained ketone carbonyl C−C bond without the assistance of directing group.
Preparation and properties of polyimide dielectric nanocomposites containing polyvinylpyrrolidone chemically functionalized barium titanate by in‐situ synthesis compounding
Authors: Yang Shang Ke , Zhang Zhao Xin , Zhang Ai Ping , Lin Hai Lan , Zhang Xun Tao , Xiao Liu Xin , Bian Jun , Chen Dai Qiang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis work employed polymer active agent polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) treated barium titanate (BT) nanoparticles (PVP@BT) as functional nanofillers to fill polyimide (PI) matrix to fabricate PI nanocomposite films. The microstructure, dielectric properties, and heat resistance of PI, PI/BT, and PI/PVP@BT dielectric nanocomposite films were investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) indicated that PVP has been successfully coated on the surface of BT nanoparticles. Due to the enhanced aggregation of monomers on the PVP@BT nanoparticles, higher molecular weight and viscosity of PI/PVP@BT nanocomposite films were achieved. Compared with PI/BT nanocomposite films, the dispersion of PVP@BT nanoparticles in PI/PVP@BT nanocomposite films was better, as verified by field emission scanning electron microscope and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy. Filling a small amount of PVP@BT nanoparticles into the PI matrix improved the dielectric properties of the resultant nanocomposite films. The dielectric constant of the nanocomposite films with 10 wt% filler loading was up to 7.1 at 1000 Hz, which was 2.5 times higher than that of pure PI (2.9). PI nanocomposite film dielectric loss was generally lower than 0.015. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) tests verified that both pure PI and PI nanocomposite films showed excellent thermal stability. This work can be expected to provide a new strategy for designing and manufacturing PI dielectric nanocomposite films for energy storage applications.