bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical properties, chemical components, and antibacterial activity of Melaleuca cajuputi Powell essential oil leaves from Quang Tri Province, Vietnam
Authors: P. T. Quoc L. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT. Essential oil (EO) was extracted from Melaleuca cajuputi Powell leaves using the steam distillation method. The main aim of this study is to determine several physicochemical properties of EO, including acid value, saponification value, ester value, relative density, absolute density, and freezing point. In addition, the chemical components were also analyzed using the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method. The obtained 1,8-cineol content is quite high (71.83%). In addition, these components in EO had an antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity, including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (using the paper disc diffusion method for antibiotic susceptibility testing). Particularly, this EO inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Salmonella enteritidis (ATCC 13076), and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923).

KEY WORDS: Antimicrobial activity, Antioxidant capacity, GC-MS, Essential oil, Melaleuca cajuputi Powell.

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2021, 35(3), 677-683.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v35i3.18
Spectral characterization and biological studies of some ternary complexes with molecular docking investigations against MERS and SARS type coronaviruses
Authors: P. Saikishore V. , K. Biswal S. , K. Mohapatra R. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT. A series of ternary complexes with a Schiff base (HL1) derived from 2-hydrazinobenzimidazole and o-hydroxybenzophenone (primary ligand) have been prepared. Here, 1,10-phenanthroline acts as secondary ligand (L2). These metal complexes were investigated by UV-Vis, IR, 1H NMR and thermal techniques. The spectral data confirmed tridentate nature of the SB ligand with NNO type coordination, whereas the secondary ligand L2 (1,10-phenanthroline) coordinated through its two nitrogen atoms (NN type). These compounds possess distorted octahedral geometry. Moreover, these compounds were screened against B. subtilis and E. coli to evaluate their antibacterial activity. In addition, molecular docking studies were performed against MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro). Moreover, DFT calculations and QSAR studies of the SB ligand were also performed.

KEY WORDS: Ternary complexes, Spectral, Antibacterial, DFT, QSAR, Molecular docking studies

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2021, 35(3), 525-535.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v35i3.5
Synthesis and biological evaluation of some hybrid 2-quinolinone derivatives containing cinnamic acid as anti-breast cancer drugs
Authors: B. Bakare S. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT. A new series of hybrid 2-quinolinone derivatives were synthesized by using 7-hydroxy-4-methyl-1-amino-quinolin-2-one (2) and cinnamic acid. Hybrid halogenated 2-quinolinone derivatives (3-(7-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,6,8-tribromo-2-oxo-2H-quinolin-1-ylamino)-3-phenyl acrylic acid (4) and 3-(7-acetoxy-4-methyl-3,6,8-tribromo-2-oxo-1H-quinolin-1-ylamino)-3-phenyl acrylic acid (7)) were prepared via the halogenation of 3-(7-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-quinolin-1-ylamino)-3-phenyl acrylic acid (3) with bromine to give compound 4 with acetic anhydride led to the formation of hydride halogenated 2-quinolinone derivative (7). All the synthesized hybrid 2-quinolinone and hybrid halogenated 2-quinolinone derivatives were tested for their cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cell line. DNA flow cytometric analysis of compounds 3 showed cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase with concomitant increase of cells in apoptotic phase. Dual annexin-V/propidium iodide staining assay of compound 3 revealed that, the selected molecule increases the apoptosis of MCF-7 cells more than control.

KEY WORDS: Quinolinone, Hybrid, Cinnamic acid, Apoptosis, MCF-7 cells

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2021, 35(3), 551-564.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v35i3.7
Novel synthesis of pyran-3-hydrazide derivatives and their uses to the synthesis hydrazide-hydrazone, pyrazole and thiazole derivatives with anticancer activities
Authors: M. Samir E. , M. Mohareb R. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT. The multi-component reaction of ethyl acetoacetate with each of malononitrile (3) benzaldehyde (1) in ethanol containing triethylamine gave the ethyl 6-amino-5-cyano-2-methyl-4-phenyl-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate (4). The latter compound reacted with hydrazine hydrate to give the hydrazide derivative 6. Compound 6 underwent a series of hetero-cyclization reactions to give pyrzole, hydraide-hydrazone, thiazole derivatives. The produced compounds tested against cancer cell lines six cancer cell lines and showed that compounds 8b, 10b, 11a, 17a, 21 and 24a were the most cytotoxic compounds. Further tests of the latter compounds toward the five tyrosine kinases and Pim-1 kinase showed that compounds 10b, 21 and 24a were the most potent of the tested compounds and compounds 10a, 11a and 17a were of the highest inhibitions toward Pim-1 kinase. The high inhibitions of most of the tested compounds toward the selected cancer cell lines and the tyrosine kinases encourage for future work to be done.

KEY WORDS: Hydrazide, Thiophene, Pyrazole, Pyran, Cytotoxicity, Tyrosine kinases

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2021, 35(3), 573-586.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v35i3.9
neocons españoles: sus ideas y su influencia en la política exterior de José María Aznar
Authors: Castro Redondo Luis de 
Published: January 2022

Este articulo tiene como objetivo explicar el hecho político de los neoconservadores españoles que siguiendo a los neocons estadounidenses importaron sus doctrinas sobre política exterior en especial la teoría de la Hegemonía Benevolente que justifica en virtud del poder norteamericano y de sus ideales democráticos: la subordinación de los Estados Occidentales frente a los Estados Unidos. En el artículo se hace consideraciones genéricas sobre el fenómeno neocon en España. Se estudian los principales escritos de los neocons españoles más reconocidos y su influencia en la opinión pública y el artículo termina negando la opinión de reputados profesores como Celestino del Arenal, José Antonio Sanahuja y Manuel Iglesias Cavicchioli que mantiene que fueron los neocons españoles los responsables del giro de la política exterior de José María Aznar en su segunda legislatura entre los años 2002 y 2004.
Spinal epidural hematoma in an infant patient: a differential diagnostic of spinal cord compression syndrome
Authors: Pineda Felipe Gutierrez , Marin Mauro Marcelo Suarez , Cadavid Daniela Perez 
Published: January 2022

A spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma is a collection of blood in the epidural space of the spine occurring in the absence of trauma or other pathological blood conditions, this epidural blood clot has the risk to compress the spinal cord and impact negatively on the neurological outcome of the patients.
With a low incidence on pediatrics this condition has not been studied deep, with difficulties on the clinical approach in infants and children due to the limitation in the pediatric neurological exam with the risk to be misdiagnosed. We describe a rare case of spinal cord compression on a young 14 month old patient with a spontaneous cervicothoracic epidural hematoma that presented with a ascending paralysis. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spine demonstrated an extensive epidural hematoma between C4 to T5 with spinal cord compression. An emergency laminectomy was performed with evacuation of the epidural blood clot with a total improve of the neurologic symptoms and without any residual hematoma following 3 months of the surgery.
The spontaneous spinal epidural heamtoma is rare cause of spinal cord compression on infants and children with high risk of neurological impact without prompt diagnosis with MRI and emergent surgical evacuation.
Modelo de plan financiero para microempresas comerciales establecidas en Ciudad Juárez
Authors: Gallardo Hernández Norma Alicia , Carmona Vega Esther Guadalupe 
Published: January 2022

En México existe una gran cantidad de microempresas que tienen particular importancia para las economías nacionales por las aportaciones a la producción y distribución de bienes y servicios. De acuerdo con Esparza, Pérez y Campos (2017) en su estudio encontraron que en promedio solamente 2 de cada 10 microempresas mexicanas llevan una administración contable, económica y financiera, lo cual representa un porcentaje demasiado bajo, y esto es una de las más fuertes desventajas de las microempresas. De manera que, este trabajo presenta una recopilación de los elementos idóneos que debe contener un plan financiero para microempresas comerciales, con el propósito de ayudar en la correcta toma de decisiones a los propietarios y/o gerentes de MiPymes establecidas en Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua.
Abstract
In Mexico there is a large number of microenterprises that are particularly important for national economies because of the contributions to the production and distribution of goods and services. According to Esparza, Pérez and Campos (2017) in their study they found that on average only 2 out of 10 Mexican microenterprises have an accounting, economic and financial administration, which represents a percentage that is too low, and this is one of the strongest Disadvantages of microenterprises. So, this work presents a compilation of the ideal elements that a financial plan for commercial microenterprises must contain, with the purpose of helping in the correct decision making to the owners and / or managers of MiPymes established in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua.
Modelo exponencial no lineal del producto interno bruto de México
Authors: Zepeda Mercado Gabriela , Salgado Vega Jesús 
Published: January 2022

Con el procedimiento de modelación Autorregresivo no lineal con Transición Suave (STAR, por sus siglas en inglés), se estima el comportamiento no lineal del ciclo económico de México, como resultado de la asimetría entre sus fases. Se considera a la serie correspondiente a la tasa de crecimiento trimestral del Producto Interno Bruto de México 1980.1-2014.1, como ciclo específico para el análisis. Se concluye que la estimación de un modelo no lineal STAR de tipo exponencial, provee de una capacidad explicativa y de predicción superior de los datos, en comparación con un modelo Autorregresivo lineal (AR, por sus siglas en inglés).
Abstract
Using the Smooth Transition Nonlinear Autoregressive (STAR) modeling procedure, we estimate the nonlinear behavior of Mexico's business cycle, as a result of the asymmetry between its phases. The series corresponding to the quarterly growth rate of Mexico's Gross Domestic Product 1980.1-2014.1 is considered as the specific cycle for the analysis. It is concluded that the estimation of a non-linear exponential STAR model provides a superior explanatory and predictive capacity of the data, compared to a linear Autoregressive (AR) model.
Innovación tecnológica y competitividad de las mypes del sector turismo de Latinoamérica
Authors: Agreda Duffaut Romina Cecilia 
Published: January 2022

Se presenta una síntesis de la investigación titulada: Innovación tecnológica y competitividad de las mypes del sector turismo de Latinoamérica. El objetivo de la investigación estuvo dirigido a determinar la incidencia de la innovación tecnológica en el nivel de competitividad de las mypes del sector turismo de Latinoamérica. La investigación fue de tipo básica, el diseño utilizado fue no experimental correlacional causal, de corte transversal. La población estuvo conformada por 2739 micro y pequeñas empresas del sector turismo de México, Colombia, Perú, Ecuador y Argentina. Para recolectar los datos se utilizó el Cuestionario de Perfil tecnológico de la micro y pequeña empresa de Latinoamérica (Aguilar, Posada y Peña, 2018).
Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó la estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Para la prueba de hipótesis se utilizó la regresión logística ordinal, de acuerdo con Kerlinger (2002), ya que el presente estudio demanda la comprobación de hipótesis causales. Se elige la regresión logística ordinal para comprobar las hipótesis, porque los datos de las variables dependientes son ordinales.
Realizado el análisis se concluyó que existe incidencia significativa de la innovación tecnológica en la competitividad de las mypes del sector turismo de Latinoamérica, debido a que el modelo logístico es significativo (p<0,05); se ajusta bien a los datos (Desviación con p<0,05); y explica el 17.5% de la variable dependiente competitividad.
Abstract
A synthesis of the research entitled: Technological innovation and competitiveness of Latin American tourism SMEs is presented. The objective of the research was to determine the incidence of technological innovation on the level of competitiveness of Latin American tourism SMEs. The research was of a basic type, the design used was non-experimental, causal correlational, cross-sectional. The population consisted of 2,739 micro and small enterprises in the tourism sector in Mexico, Colombia, Peru, Ecuador and Argentina. The Technological Profile Questionnaire of Micro and Small Businesses in Latin America (Aguilar, Posada and Peña, 2018) was used to collect the data.
Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. For hypothesis testing, ordinal logistic regression was used, in accordance with Kerlinger (2002), since the present study demands the testing of causal hypotheses. Ordinal logistic regression was chosen to test the hypotheses, because the data of the dependent variables are ordinal.
The analysis concluded that there is a significant impact of technological innovation on the competitiveness of Latin American tourism SMEs, because the logistic model is significant (p<0.05); it fits the data well (Deviation with p<0.05); and it explains 17.5% of the dependent variable competitiveness.
PERAN EKSKLUSIF ORANG TUA DALAM MEMBENTUK KONSEP DIRI REMAJA KRISTEN
Authors: Nggebu Sostenis 
Published: January 2022

Abstract: The study of this article is directed at shaping the self-concept of Christian youth. The self-concept is so essential to their existence that its fulfillment requires the active role of their parents. According to God’s will, the formation of youth self-concept is an exclusive call from God for parents to build youth into the likeness of Jesus Christ. The author uses the literature study method to explain adolescents’ healthy self-concepts to deepen the discussion. Through this study, the authors found an essential fact that adolescents’ self-concept is closely related to the coaches of adolescents in a constructive and applicable manner. Parents have the primary responsibility in guiding youth to become accustomed to hearing God’s word and obeying the requirements of Jesus Christ for their lives. In managing a harmonious relationship with God, they learn to discover for themselves the dynamics of life by walking in God’s word and are able to apply God’s truth in their lives. In this aspect, they will grow into the likeness of Jesus Christ and mature in faith as a tangible manifestation of the actualization of a healthy and true self-concept according to the Christian faith. Abstrak: Kajian artikel ini diarahkan pada pembentukan konsep diri para remaja Kristen. Konsep diri begitu penting bagi eksistensi mereka maka pemenuhannya memerlukan peran aktif orang tua mereka. Pembentukan konsep diri remaja yang sesuai dengan kehendak Allah merupakan panggilan yang eksklusif dari Allah bagi orang tua untuk membina para remaja menjadi milik Yesus Kristus. Untuk mendalami pembahasannya, penulis menggunakan metode studi pustaka dalam menjelaskan konsep diri yang sehat bagi para remaja. Melalui studi tersebut, penulis menemukan fakta penting bahwa dalam konsep diri remaja erat kaitan dengan pembina terhadap para remaja secara konstruktif dan aplikatif. Orang tua memiliki tanggung jawab utama dalam menuntun para remaja agar membiasakan diri dengar-dengaran akan firman Allah dan taat pada tuntutan Yesus Kristus bagi hidup mereka. Dalam menata hubungan yang harmonis dengan Tuhan, mereka belajar menemukan sendiri dinamika hidup dengan berjalan dalam firman Allah dan mampu menerapkan kebenaran Allah itu di dalam hidup mereka. Dalam aspek inila mereka akan bertumbuh menjadi serupa dengan Yesus Kristus dan menjadi dewasa dalam iman sebagai wujud nyata dari aktualisasi dari konsep diri yang sehat dan benar sesuai iman Kristen.
Flammability analysis of military fabrics
Authors: Yahaya R. , Zahari N. , Wan Adnan W.A.W. 
Published: January 2022

There are many types of fabric materials used in military applications. From clothing to protective equipment, fabric analysis mostly focused on its physical properties. Still, its flammability has not been well studied, such as ease of ignition, heat release, and toxicity. This paper reports the flammability properties of fabric in military applications. The ignition time, heat release, and smoke production of six commercially available military fabrics are discussed in this article. The fabrics analysed are cotton, polyester-cotton, coated nylon, and kenaf fabric. The fabric grouping into the coated and printed fabric while cotton and kenaf were tested as a comparison. Results indicated that coated fabric (N420D and N1000D) showed higher TTI compared to printed fabric (P35C65, P35C65M, and P65C35). It is affected by heat flux, the areal density of the sample, sample mass, and the number of sample layers. Coated fabrics (N420D and N1000D) indicate higher EHC compared with other fabrics. For printed fabric, a relatively lower EHC was observed as it indicates incomplete combustion. Total heat release of the samples tested was presented as an integration of the HRR vs time curve. Coated samples show the highest values for PHRR and THR values compared to printed and cotton fabrics.
Estimación de emisiones atmosféricas de CO₂, NO₂, CO, NH₃ y Black Carbon vía bottom up, generados por quema de biomasa en el norte de América del Sur
Authors: Valencia Germán M. , Anaya Jesús A. , Caro-Lopera Francisco J. 
Published: January 2022

Biomass burning is an important source of greenhouse gases (GHG) and air pollutants (AP) in developing countries. In this research, a bottom-up method was implemented for the estimation of emissions, emphasizing the validation process of aerial biomass products (AGB), which it has not been sufficiently approached from the point of view of the quantification of emissions. The most recent results on the validation of burned area (AQ) products and the analysis of uncertainty were also incorporated into the process of estimating the emissions of gases that directly or indirectly promote the greenhouse effect, such as CO₂, NO₂, CO, NH₃, and Black Carbon (BC). In total, 87.60 Mha were burned in the region between 2001 and 2016, represented in a 57% by pasture lands a 23% by savannas, an 8% by savanna woodlands, an 8% by mixed soils with crops and natural vegetation, a 3% by evergreen broadleaf forests, and a 1 % in the region´s remaining types of land cover. With 35480 reference polygons, a model based on the uncertainty of AQ was generated, which served to find the calibration factor of the FireCCI5.0 in all the studied species. The total emissions (minimum and maximum) and the average of the same in the study period were the following: 1760 Tg CO₂ (765.07-2552.88; average 110 Tg), 68.12 Tg of CO (27.11-98.87; average 4.26 Tg), 3.05 Tg of NO₂ (1.27-4.40; average 0.19 Tg), 0.76 Tg of NH₃ (0.33-1.12; average 0.05 Tg), and 0.44 Tg of Black Carbon (0.015-0.64; average 0.03 Tg).
EFFECT OF PRE AND POST IFRS REPORTING SYSTEM IN MODERN BANKING SECTOR IN NIGERIA
Authors: Chika Anugwu Clara , Ukachi Allison Patricia 
Published: January 2022

The research is to examine the effects of adopting the international financial reporting system (IFRS) on modern banking industries and monetary firms, particularly through a study of the South Eastern region of the country. The literature shows that there is a need to understand the effects of adopting the international financial reporting system (IFRS), in the study area. The study applied percentage analysis, descriptive statistics, chi-square analysis, and correlation analysis to study the data analysis in the system. The result shows that the response hypothesis disagrees with the null hypothesis and rejects the null hypothesis. However, the alternate hypothesis will be accepted, which states that there is a significant difference between the introduction of IFRS, which has increased the reliability and transparency of the financial statements of banks. The result concludes that there is a need to adopt IFRS in modern banking industries and banking sectors in the south eastern region. The findings of this study show that there is a need for the adoption of an international financial reporting system (IFRS) in the modern banking system to enhance accountability in the banking sector. The study recommends the adoption of IFRS for other accounting firms and organizations to improve accountability and accuracy.
Keywords: Accounting; Finance; Industry; IFRS; GAAP; Banking; Reporting System.
PERANCANGAN MANAJEMEN ELECTRONIC FILING SYSTEM (E-FILING) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE ALFRED DI KANTOR DESA KUWARON, GROBOGAN
Authors: Ida Adha Kamilasari  , Paulus Hartanto  , Budi Hartono  
Published: January 2022

For this reason, the author makes the design of an electronic filing system (e-filing) management system, using the ALFRED method approach, namely: 1. Administrative Value (Value of use in administration), 2. Legal Value (Value of use in the field of law), 3. Fiscal Value (Use value in finance), 4.Research Value (Use value in the field of research), 5.Educational Value (Value use in education), 6.Documentative Value (Use value in the field of documentation). Making prototype application product Electronic Filing System (e-filing) management system uses Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 software as a design media and as a programming language, and the SQL Server database as a storage media.
This research was conducted using the Research & Development Method through a system design stage that was validated by experts and a prototype of a field-tested product involving users. The final result of this research is in the form of a prototype of an electronic filing system (e-filing) management system product that has been declared to function well so that it can produce information that is useful for the archiving process to the stage of making a report that can be done quickly and accurately in accordance with procedures that have been exist so as to make it easier to re-access archiving and provide public services with accurate and integrated information.
Surface energy balance fluxes in a suburban of Beijing: energy partitioning variability
Authors: Dou Junxia , Grimmond Sue , Miao Shiguang , Huang Bei , Lei Huimin , Liao Mingshui 
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Measurements of radiative and turbulent heat fluxes for 16 months in suburban Miyun with a mix of buildings and agriculture allows the changing role of these fluxes to be assessed. Daytime turbulent latent heat fluxes (QE) are largest in summer and smaller in winter, consistent with the net all wave radiation (Q*). Whereas, the daytime sensible heat flux (QH) is greatest in spring but smallest in summer, rather than winter as commonly observed in suburban areas. The results have larger seasonal variability in energy partitioning compared to previous suburban studies. Daytime energy partitioning is between: 0.15–0.57 for QH /Q* (mean summer = 0.16, winter = 0.46); 0.06–0.56 for QE / Q* (mean summer = 0.52, winter = 0.10), and 0.26–7.40 for QH ⁄ QE (mean summer = 0.32; winter = 4.60). Compared to the literature for suburban aras, these are amongst the lowest and highest values. Results indicate that precipitation, irrigation, crop/vegetation growth activity and land use/cover all play critical roles in the energy partitioning. These results will help to enhance our understanding of surface–atmosphere energy exchanges over cities, and are critical to improving and evaluating urban canopy models needed to support integrated urban services, that include urban planning to mitigate the adverse effects of urban climate change.