bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early postnatal activation of A2ARs alleviates social deficits by attenuating the abnormal infiltration of peripheral neutrophils in the BTBR T + Itpr3 tf /J mouse model of autism
Authors: He Xie , Zhou Mi , Yang Teng , Ren Jia-Kui , Sun Li , Liu Tian-Yao , Sun Jian-Bin , Ma Peng-Jiao , Liu He-Ting , Fang Jing-Qin , Dai Shuang-Shuang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have mainly focused on the immediate effect of drugs on autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and complex heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders that have been proven to be involved with the chronic inflammation of the central nervous system. Our prior work has explored the positive role of activation of adenosine 2A receptors (A2ARs) in protecting adult BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J mice against autism-related behaviour from the early postnatal period. However, the exact mechanism underlying the protection of A2ARs has not been comprehensively investigated.
Methods
The persistent protection of early postnatal activation of A2ARs in adult BTBR mice was detected utilizing behaviour tests. Pathological variation in the peripheral blood of autism patients was analysed by transcriptomic analysis, including MROAST and protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis. The clues were further explored and validated by real-time (RT) PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemistry and transcriptomic analysis in the mouse cortex. The blood brain barrier of mice was identified by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI).
Results
Abnormal activation of myeloid cells, especially neutrophils, was detected in the peripheral blood of autism patients and the BTBR mouse cortex. The BBB permeability of BTBR mice was significantly increased, which may have facilitated the abnormal infiltration of neutrophils observed in the BTBR mouse cortex. Furthermore, the early postnatal activation of A2ARs effectively reverses the abnormal activation and invasion of neutrophils in the mouse cortex and might result in the significant moderation of autism-related behaviour in adult BTBR mice, followed by a decrease in chronic inflammation in the mouse cortex during the early postnatal period.
Conclusions
We found abnormal myeloid cells in autism patients and BTBR mice and increased infiltration of neutrophils in the mouse cortex. We concluded that the early activation of A2ARs could effectively decrease the autism-related behaviour of adult BTBR mice by reversing the abnormal activation of myeloid cells and the pathological invasion of neutrophils in the mouse cortex.
Histopathological diagnosis of oral lesions at a Pathology Institute in Brazil
Authors: Zimmer Jordana , Garbin Raíssa Rigo , Vogel Mayara , Rigo Lilian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: This study analyzed the most prevalent diagnoses of oral lesions submitted to biopsy using data from a pathology laboratory and associations between malignant and oral potentially malignant disorders with patient’s demographic variables and the anatomical location.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. All 1,298 histopathological reports of oral lesions recorded in the database of the Institute of Pathology were reviewed. Demographic variables, anatomical location of the lesion, histopathological diagnosis of the lesions and their biological behavior were analyzed using a logistic regression.
Results: Regarding the biological behavior of the identified lesions, benign lesions were predominant (70%), followed by lesions of undetermined behavior (14.3%), malignant lesions (14.2%), absence of histological alteration in the sample (1.2%), and finally, oral potentially malignant disorders (0.5%). The anatomical locations of the most prevalent oral lesions potentially malignant disorders and malignant were in the following structures of the oral cavity: gums, roof of the mouth, floor of the mouth, inner lining of the cheeks (P=49.2%), and tongue (P=48.7%). In the final adjusted model, the probability of malignant and premalignant lesions was higher among males (PR= 4.21; 95% CI 2.08-6.22), the increase in age (PR = 1.06; 95% CI 1, 05-1.08), and in the tongue region (PR = 5.48; 95% CI 1.67; 17.92).
Conclusion: This study suggests that the probability of identifying malignant and oral potentially malignant disorders is higher in males whit age advanced and specimens from the tongue.
Successful management of an epicardial cyst in a 22-year-old female: A Case Report And Literature Review
Authors: Mansour Marah , Safi Ahmad , Fedawi Omar , Deeb Dani , Zgeib Habeb , Sawan Tawfek , Sakbani Maram , Rajab Samer 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background

Pericardial cysts are rare benign lesions that can be caused by echinococcosis and have an incidence rate of about 1 in 100,000. They are usually detected incidentally because they are asymptomatic in most cases but can lead to serious complications if left untreated.

Case presentation

A 22-year-old female presented with generalized pruritus, and a productive cough but without any chest pain or dyspnea. The chest X-ray and computed tomography showed hydatid cysts in the left superior and inferior lobes of the left lung but after opening the chest, lung lobes were discovered to be intact with clear pericardium distension.

Conclusions

This case aims to highlight the importance of performing a thorough examination with radiological investigations to determine the connection between the cyst and the pericardium and to distinguish a pericardium cyst from a lung cyst. Since the majority of cases are asymptomatic, thus symptoms and chest X-rays cannot be used solely to establish an accurate diagnosis.
A comparison of two methods for quantifying ant diversity and community in an East Himalayan montane forest mosaic
Authors: Zhang Chuan-Jing , Cheng Yi-Ting , Luo Xian-Shu , Chen Yao , He Yu-Chao , Li Yan-Pang , Huang Zhi-Pang , Scott Matthew B. , Xiao Wen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Sampling efficiency, composition and detection biases associated with pitfall-trap and sample plot methods were compared at seven montane sites at Lasha Mountain, Yunnan, China. On average, sample plot samples contained 1.5 times more taxa than pitfall-trap samples; however, we found no significant difference between of alpha and beta diversity in pitfall-trap and sample plot site samples. Rarefaction-interpolations curves revealed significantly higher total diversity from sample plot methods; that sample plot methods would require three times more sampling to reach asymptote of true diversity; and that sample plot samples achieve higher sample coverage across sample sizes. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance showed community composition and dominant species differed between methods. Of all taxa collected, the two methods had 16 species in common, accounting for 52% of the total species; 29% were exclusive to sample plot samples and 16% were exclusive to pitfall traps. Implications for insect conservation: Our findings suggest that results from the two methods cannot be directly compared and are imperfect substitutes to one another. For long-term monitoring of biodiversity, we suggest integrating multiple complementary methods, including standardised active collection methods, such as the sample plot method, to achieve more complete representation of ant composition and diversity.
Development of an interpretable deep learning system for the identification of patients with Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Atnafu Selamawet Workalemahu , Diciotti Stefano 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Deep learning using convolutional neural networks has shown great promise in analyzing neuroimaging data. Identification of Alzheimer's Disease patients from healthy individuals using structural magnetic resonance data is one of the clinical problems that has been widely explored by employing convolutional neural networks and producing very high classification accuracies. However, in most studies, the results were not supported by explainability tools. In this study, an interpretable convolutional neural network model derived from pre-trained VGG-16 is proposed to classify Alzheimer’s Disease patients vs. healthy subjects using MRI data obtained from an Open Access Series of Imaging studies (OASIS) dataset. The model was trained and validated based on a 5-fold cross-validation loop and produced a classification accuracy of 71.62% on the validation set. Moreover, we incorporated four CNN visualization techniques that highlight important brain regions used by the model to identify AD patients: saliency map, gradient class activation mapping, occlusion mapping, and heatmap generated by Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) method. The potential of these explainability tools in identifying biased models that produce inflated erroneous results is also investigated, and the resulting heatmaps were able to indicate a bias in the model’s training procedure.
A clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats knockout method to reveal methyl-CpG binding domain 4 function
Authors: Ng Ayden 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism tailored for DNA repression, engineered for regulating genetic expression without direct manipulation of the nucleotide sequence. One component of this process includes methyl-binding proteins (MBD), which have an affinity for methyl groups, and they competitively inhibit transcription factors from binding with genetic promoters. Interestingly, MBD4 is unique because, as opposed to transcriptional repression, it promotes gene repair & demethylation and is associated with various methylation-related diseases, such as Autism. By further studying MBD4, we can identify a potential therapeutic target for MRD and further understand the role of methylation on the epigenome in regards to seasonal plasticity. Therefore, this paper describes a CRISPR Knockout screen to isolate & repress MBD4 from its customary functionality with gRNA targets GGAAGGGGGUGCUUGUGAUG and GGAAGGGGGTGCTTGTGATGTGG in Astatotilapia burtoni Cichlid. I expect a morphological change in the Cichlid’s skin color (such change can be identified with computer vision COCO-Style-Dataset-Generator-GUI), which substantiates our belief that MBD4 does, in fact, play a significant role in seasonally-regulated epigenetic switches and can be targeted in methylation treatments. However, the exogenous factors relating to MBD4’s role in methylation remain to be investigated.
A Diagnostic Model of Autoimmune Hepatitis Based on Noninvasive Clinical Data
Authors: yang haiyan , Jianjun HU 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background & Aims All the diagnostic criteria of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) include histopathology, which is of great significance for the final diagnosis in AIH patients. Nevertheless, some patients fail to receive this examination in time because of the fear of the trauma risk of liver biopsy. Therefore, we aimed to develop an AIH diagnostic predictive model without liver biopsy in adults and validate its performance.
Methods We collected demographic, blood and liver histological data of unknown liver injury (ULI) patients. First, we conducted a retrospective cohort study in two independent adult cohorts. In the training cohort (n=127), we used logistic regression to develop a nomogram according to the Akaike information criterion (AIC). Second, in the validation cohort, we used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, decision curve analysis and calibration plots to externally evaluate the performance of this model. Third, we calculated the optimal cutoff values of diagnosis using Youden's index (sensitivity+specificity-1) and presented the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy to evaluate the model in validation cohort compared with 2008 IAIHG simplified scoring system.
Results In the training cohort, we developed a model to predict the risk of AIH using four risk factors—percentage of gamma globulin (GGP), fibrinogen (FBG), Age and AIH-related autoantibodies (AA). In the validation cohort, the areas under the curve (AUC) for the validation cohorts were 0,796. The calibration plots suggested that the model had an acceptable accuracy (p＞0.05). The decision curve analysis (DCA) suggested that the model had great clinical utility if the value of probability was 0.45. Based on the cutoff values, the model had a sensitivity of 68.75%, a specificity of 76.62%, and an accuracy of 73.60% in the validation cohort. While we diagnosed the validated population by using the 2008 diagnostic criteria, the sensitivity of prediction results was 77.77%, the specificity was 89.61% and the accuracy was 83.20%.
Conclusions The new model we operated can be used to predict AIH for ULI patients without liver biopsy. It is an objective, simple and reliable method that can effectively be applied in the clinic. Furthermore, if our model predicts a high risk of AIH, we can also persuade patients, especially those who are in the hesitant stage, to do a liver biopsy. This model is a valuable supplement to the 2008 IAIHG simplified scoring system.
Green areas state assessment within the urban territories
Authors: Shestopalov Oleksii , Tykhomyrova Tetyana , Lebedev Volodymyr , Stadnik Veronika 
Published: November 2022

The urbanized environment is a complex heterogeneous system that is constantly changing. In large cities, there is a complex stress effect on living organisms. Different areas of the city may be permanently or temporarily dominated by a certain stress factor. Vegetation is a component of urban landscapes, which are natural and artificial objects of various functional purposes. The ecological functions of green spaces include: environmental protection, environmental regulation and aesthetic functions. All these functions play an important role within residential buildings, especially in children's playgrounds. Various types of damage to green spaces negatively affect their main functions. The susceptibility to damage of woody plants by insects depends on anthropogenic factors of the environment, which lead to the weakening of plants and to the loss of resistance to these types of negative influences. The resistance of plants to diseases often decreases under the influence of transport and industrial pollution in the external environment. The purpose of the study is phytopathological analysis of the green areas state on children's playgrounds in Kharkiv. Green plantations state assessment methods of urban areas using various technical means are analyzed. green plantings condition and morbidity analysis using one of the offered methods is carried out. According to the results of phytopathological analysis, it was determined that 100 % of the species Aesculus hippocastanum L., which grow on playgrounds in Kharkiv, are affected by Cameraria ohridella. Among the bushes, Syringa vulgaris L. and Spiraea L. are the most affected by diseases and pests
Water insecurity and sexual and gender-based violence among refugee youth: qualitative insights from a humanitarian setting in Uganda
Authors: Logie Carmen H. , Okumu Moses , Coelho Madelaine , Loutet Miranda G. , Narasimhan Manjulaa , Lukone Simon Odong , Kisubi Nelson , Musoke Daniel Kibuuka , Kyambadde Peter , Dorea Caetano , Taing Lina 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Refugee youth disproportionately experience sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) and water insecurity, yet their SGBV experiences in the context of water insecurity are understudied. In this qualitative study, we conducted six focus groups (n = 48) and in-depth individual interviews (IDI) (n = 12) with refugee youth aged 16–24, and IDI with refugee elders (n = 8) in Bidi Bidi Refugee Settlement, Uganda. We applied thematic analysis informed by a social contextual framework and found that (1) SGBV is gendered, whereby adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) were targets for violence (symbolic context), and is intertwined with gender norms linked to AGYW's water collection roles (relational context); (2) water scarcity and off-site access to water infrastructure, combined with limited lighting, provide insecure environments that exacerbate AGYW's SGBV risks (material context); (3) participant generated solutions to water insecurity-related SGBV included engaging men and communities in dialogue and water collection (relational context), technology (e.g., solar lighting), improved security, and additional water points (material context). Findings signal the need to integrate water and sanitation hygiene development with SGBV prevention and sexual health (e.g., post-rape care) interventions. Refugee youth and communities should be meaningfully engaged in developing contextually relevant, gender transformative services to mitigate SGBV risks and advance health and rights.
Decolorization of methyl red using Bacillus thuringiensis RI16 strain: Enhanced bacterial treatment by SPB1 biosurfactant addition
Authors: Mnif Ines , Fendri Raouia , Ghribi Dhouha 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this work, we evaluate the ability of a novel isolated bacteria identified as Bacillus thuringiensis RI16 (KM111604) to decolorize methyl red. Results showed its efficiency for the treatment of azo-dye-contaminated wastewaters under static conditions at pH values ranging from 7 to 9. The isolated bacteria could tolerate higher doses of dyes as it was able to decolorize up to 1000 mg/L. For better methyl red decolorization, we evaluate the potential use of Bacillus subtilis SPB1-derived lipopeptide biosurfactant. The study showed its ability to accelerate the decolorization rate and slightly maximized the decolorization efficiency at an optimal concentration of 0.025%. Compared with synthetic surfactants, the bacterial surfactant was more efficient as we observe a drastic decrease and an inhibition of methyl red decolorization by cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) additions. Also, studies ensured that methyl red removal by this strain could be due to extracellular enzymatic activities. SPB1 biosurfactant could improve enzyme activities and/or enzyme synthesis and diffusion.
EFFECT OF GAMIFICATION ON EDUCATION AND LEARNING (Preprint)
Authors: Ryzhkov Georgiy 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND

This research paper is about a phenomenon called gamification and its effects on our way of learning and education as a whole. Gamification is a tool or a feature used to bring the elements of games (typically video games) into different non-game fields like sports, marketing, and education in order to enhance the effectiveness of such fields. This research paper will further discuss where gamification came from, how it affects our motivation, and of course, how it helps us learn and encode new information in the easiest way possible.

OBJECTIVE

Find out how gamification affects the learning and motivation in students

METHODS

Analyzing research papers, studies, and other articles to understand the psychology behind gamification.

RESULTS

Gamification is directly affecting our way of learning through external and internal motivators and cognitive psychology.

CONCLUSIONS

Gamification is directly affecting our way of learning through external and internal motivators and cognitive psychology
El lugar del arte en la opción por una desobediencia epistémica decolonial
Authors: Bolaños Martin 
Published: November 2022

La visualización de los modos de hacer de lo sensible en una sociedad globalizada es una forma más de disciplinamiento de la sensibilidad y de sus poéticas. La frontera entre una sensibilidad colonizada y una sensibilidad insurgente se vuelve difusa toda vez que el reparto internacional de lo sensible asigna modos específicos capaces de domesticar las sensibilidades que lo desbordan: aquellas sensibilidades que no pueden ser capturadas ni como mercancía, ni como archivo, ni como patrimonio. El desborde y el exceso de estas sensibilidades que no han sido apresadas en las redes de un mercado internacional del arte ponen en jaque, por su sola existencia, las categorías que la estética, en tanto disciplina moderno-colonial, ha producido para conceptualizar y codificar las sensibilidades (aistesis) neutralizado sus capacidades de testimonio de experiencias de vida históricamente subyugadas. En este sentido, las estésicas decoloniales desandan el camino trazado, y uno de los modos de este desandar es desarticular o al menos resignificar palabras tales como “arte”, “artista”, “obra”, “producción”, “estética”, o “poética”, entre otras.
Strategic management during the contingency period in the regional real estate market
Authors: Petrova P. M. 
Published: November 2022

This research article discusses national and regional strategic instruments to counteract the contingency period in the real estate market. A contingency period refers to a period of unreasonable price increases in the market, characterized by excessive investment due to long-term speculative expectations of investors. The aim of the study is to identify the most effective strategic means of counteracting various phases of the contingency period in the regional real estate market. The theoretical basis of the article is primarily strategy theory and strategizing methodology of Doctor of Economics, Professor V. L. Kvint. As a result of the analysis of possible national and regional strategic decisions affecting the real estate market during the contingency period, the most effective in the author’s opinion were selected. The arguments presented in the article underscore the need to establish effective systems for identifying signs of the occurrence of the contingency period, as well as for evaluating different scenarios of the functioning of the economic system during that period and for exiting from it.
State Policy of Russia in the Field of Space Activities in the Light of Recent Global Challenges and Prospects: Goals, Principles, Objectives and Main Priorities
Authors: Zhdanov V. L. 
Published: November 2022

The article examines the key factors influencing the transformation of Russia’s space activities. At present, Russia is faced with a global political crisis, which makes it necessary to revise a number of principles and tasks for the implementation of space activities, as well as further prospects related to space exploration. The purpose of this study is to identify the impact of global challenges on the goals, principles, tasks and main priorities of the state policy of Russia in the field of space activities. ъ The methodological basis of the study was systemic, functional, comparative, normative-value, as well as prognostic methods. The author also came to the conclusion that the changing geopolitical situation requires adjustment of the main elements of the Russian space policy in the context of national interests.