bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lifestyle changes and kidney function: A 10‐year follow‐up study in patients with manifest cardiovascular disease
Authors: Østergaard Helena Bleken , Demirhan Imre , Westerink Jan , Verhaar Marianne C. , Asselbergs Folkert W. , de Borst Gert J. , Kappelle L. Jaap , Visseren Frank L. J. , van der Leeuw Joep ,   the UCC‐SMART studygroup
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) are at higher risk of kidney function decline. The current study aimed to examine the association of lifestyle changes with kidney function decline in patients with manifest CVD.MethodsA total of 2260 patients from the Utrecht Cardiovascular Cohort‐Second Manifestations of ARTerial disease cohort with manifest CVD who returned for a follow‐up visit after a median of 9.9 years were included. The relation between change in lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity and obesity) and change in kidney function (eGFR and uACR) was assessed using linear regression models.ResultsAn increase in body mass index (β −2.81; 95% CI −3.98; −1.63 per 5 kg/m2) and for men also an increase in waist circumference (β −0.87; 95% CI −1.28; −0.47 per 5 cm) were significantly associated with a steeper decline in eGFR over 10 years. Continuing smoking (β −2.44, 95% CI −4.43; −0.45) and recent smoking cessation during follow‐up (β −3.27; 95% CI −5.20; −1.34) were both associated with a steeper eGFR decline compared to patients who remained as non‐ or previous smokers from baseline. No significant association was observed between physical exercise or alcohol consumption and kidney function decline. No significant relation between any lifestyle factor and change in uACR was observed.ConclusionsIn patients with CVD, continuing smoking, recent smoking cessation and an increase in obesity markers were related to a steeper kidney function decline. Although no definite conclusions from this study can be drawn, the results support the importance of encouraging weight loss and smoking cessation in high‐risk patients as a means of slowing down kidney function decline.
Investigation of damage mechanisms and short fatigue crack growth during thermomechanical fatigue loading of the nickel‐based superalloy Inconel 100
Authors: Schackert Sophie Madeleine , Schweizer Christoph 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGrowing demands on gas turbines, meaning lower consumption and higher efficiency, is accompanied by higher temperatures inside the turbine. Better lifetime prediction concepts for thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) loading of gas turbine components are needed to ensure safe operation. The influence of the TMF loading history—either in‐phase (IP) or out‐of‐phase (OP)—on crack initiation and short crack growth is studied for the cast nickel‐based super alloy IN100, which is commonly used as blade material. Therefore, smooth specimens are loaded at two different mechanical strain levels with, respectively, two phase relationships, using a temperature cycle T = 300–950°C and T = 300–850°C. The replica technique is used to detect cracks in the order of tens of micrometers. The differences in crack initiation and short crack growth are studied for the different loading conditions and the development of the crack length evolving from multiple short cracks is investigated.
The challenges and opportunities of using small drones to monitor fishing activities in a marine protected area
Authors: Reis‐Filho José Amorim , Joyeux Jean‐Christophe , Pimentel Caio Ribeiro , Teixeira João Batista , Macieira Raphael , Garla Ricardo C. , Mello Thayná , Gasparini João Luiz , Giarrizzo Tommaso , Rocha Luiz , Pinheiro Hudson T. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFishing monitoring to gather fishery dynamic data is usually land‐based or carried from onboard inspections. However, direct georeferencing of fishing activities using aerial drones is a versatile and easy option that can potentially improve fishery studies, especially in Marine Protected Areas. We investigated the utility of aerial images to understand spatial displacement and fishing territoriality in a Brazilian MPA system under risk of deregulation. Survey flights were conducted in the multiple use area where fishing is allowed in the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, located in the South Atlantic Ocean and considered one of the main ecotourism destinations and marine conservation sites in Brazil. An aircraft was used to map and detect several aspects of fishing activities and shallow seabed characteristics to demonstrate its utility for fishery management. We recorded 89 fishing activities in the marine area and 75 shore fishers on beaches. Results documented areas most intensively targeted by fishers, and operational aspects of fishing effort, both onboard and shoreline activities targeting shoals. Enforcement and monitoring efforts must be strengthened to assess the impact of expanded fishing activity in this marine sanctuary, mainly due to fading conservation rules imposed by top‐down political decisions. This aerial approach demonstrates the utility of quantifying and mapping fishing activities to assist both MPA and fisheries management aligned to benchmarks for biodiversity conservation and human‐based demands.
Global loss of Neuron‐specific gene 1 causes alterations in motor coordination, increased anxiety, and diurnal hyperactivity in male mice
Authors: Austin Roman , Chander Praveen , Zimmerman Amber J. , Overby Malene , Digilio Laura , Yap Chan Choo , Linsenbardt David N. , Müller Heidi Kaastrup , Weick Jason P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Neuron‐specific gene family (NSG1‐3) consists of small endolysosomal proteins that are critical for trafficking multiple receptors and signaling molecules in neurons. NSG1 has been shown to play a critical role in AMPAR recycling from endosomes to plasma membrane during synaptic plasticity. However, to date nothing is known about whether NSG1 is required for normal behavior at an organismal level. Here we performed a battery of behavioral tests to determine whether loss of NSG1 would affect motor, cognitive, and/or affective behaviors, as well as circadian‐related activity. Consistent with unique cerebellar expression of NSG1 among family members, we found that NSG1 was obligatory for motor coordination but not for gross motor function or learning. NSG1 knockout (KO) also altered performance across other behavioral modalities including anxiety‐related and diurnal activity paradigms. Surprisingly, NSG1 KO did not cause significant impairments across all tasks within a given modality, but had specific effects within each modality. For instance, we found increases in anxiety‐related behaviors in tasks with multiple stressors (e.g., elevation and exposure), but not those with a single main stressor (e.g., exposure). Interestingly, NSG1 KO animals displayed a significant increase in locomotor activity during subjective daytime, suggesting a possible impact on diurnal activity rhythms or vigilance. Surprisingly, loss of NSG1 had no effect on hippocampal‐dependent learning despite previous studies showing deficits in CA1 long‐term potentiation. Together, these findings do not support a role of NSG1 in hippocampal‐dependent learning, but support a role in mediating proper neuronal function across amygdalar and cerebellar circuits.
Effectiveness of root canal irrigation and dressing for the treatment of apical periodontitis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of clinical trials
Authors: Rossi‐Fedele Giampiero , Rödig Tina 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundSodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and/or calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) are commonly used during root canal treatment. Evaluation of their effectiveness regarding clinical and patient‐related outcomes requires further understanding.ObjectivesTo assess the effectiveness of root canal irrigation and dressing for the treatment of teeth with apical periodontitis (AP).MethodsA search was conducted in the PubMed‐MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, Google scholar databases and available repositories, followed by hand searches, until July 2021. Eligibility criteria followed the a priori formulated Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcomes, Timing, and Study design (PICOTS) framework. Clinical studies restricted to English language were included. The revised Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool for randomised trials (RoB 2) was used to assess the quality of included studies. Meta‐analyses were performed using the fixed‐effect model to obtain Risk Ratio (RR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI), with sensitivity analysis. Overall quality of evidence of meta‐analyses was assessed through the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation tool.ResultsThe search identified 1357 records of which six fulfilled the inclusion criteria, providing data for ‘irrigation’ from 212 teeth and for ‘dressings’ from 438 teeth. Two studies reported no significant difference regarding the outcome ‘pain at 7 days’ using 2% chlorhexidine vs. 5.25% NaOCl and EDTA or after using different concentrations of NaOCl (1% vs. 5%). No significant difference was detected between different NaOCl concentrations regarding the reduction of AP. A meta‐analysis was possible for the comparison of single‐visit (SV) versus multiple‐visits including the use of Ca(OH)2 demonstrating a significant effect in favour of SV (RR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.03–1.19; p = .007; I2 = 0). RoB of included studies was moderate to low.DiscussionThe use of Ca(OH)2 for the treatment of AP may not be beneficial. There is scarce or no evidence fulfilling the proposed PICOTS regarding irrigants and dressings.ConclusionsThere is moderate certainty that SV treatment is associated with better radiographic evidence of normal periodontal ligament space (strict criteria) compared with the use of Ca(OH)2. Reduction of AP is comparable after irrigation with 1% and 5% NaOCl, whereas postoperative pain at 7 days for the irrigants assessed is similar.RegistrationPROSPERO database CRD42021260271.
Excellent properties of Ga‐doped ZnO film as an alternative transparent electrode for thin‐film solar cells
Authors: Peng Shou , Wang Wei , Yao Tingting , Guan Min , Gan Zhiping , Chu Jingyuan , Gai Linlin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOptical and electrical properties of transparent electrode are directly related to the photoelectric conversion efficiency of thin‐film solar cells. For this reason, Ga and Al‐doped ZnO (GZO and AZO) transparent conducting films were fabricated on float glass through the magnetic sputtering technique. Compared with AZO films, GZO films show a higher figure of merit (FoM) value indicating their outstanding optical and electrical properties. The smaller difference of ionic radius between Ga3+ and Zn2+ than Al3+ and Zn2+ contributes to high carrier concentration and electron mobility of GZO films. In addition, it has been shown that GZO films can be stable at high substrate temperatures. After being annealed at 550°C in N2 atmosphere, the FoM value of GZO films is twice as much as that of FTO films, indicating that GZO can be applied as the front contact material not only in CIGS thin‐film solar cells, but also in CdTe thin‐film solar cells.
Clinical clues to identify patients with ocular rosacea – a Germany‐wide epidemiologic analysis
Authors: Zierl Stephan , Hildebrand Johannes A. , Guertler Anne , Dietrich Cecilia , Clanner‐Engelshofen Benjamin M. , French Lars E. , Reinholz Markus 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and objectivesOcular rosacea is a special manifestation of rosacea with unknown etiology. Eye involvement in rosacea patients is surprisingly common; however, it is often underdiagnosed, resulting in inappropriate treatment. We aimed to provide an updated epidemiologic perspective on ocular rosacea in Germany to improve patient care.Patients and methodsData of 777 rosacea patients were assessed using a detailed online questionnaire regarding ocular and skin symptoms, previous dermatological and ophthalmological consults, presence of type 1 hypersensitivities, and Demodex testing. All data were statistically analyzed.ResultsMost patients reported ocular symptoms (399/777, 51.4%), including red eyes (179/399, 44.9%), itching (187/399, 46.9%), sty or chalazion (309/399, 77.4%), and dryness (108/399, 27.1%). Ocular rosacea was confirmed in 149/309 cases who consulted an ophthalmologist (45.3%). A total of 159/399 (39.8%) had no pre‐existing allergies. Eye involvement was significantly associated with the presence of skin symptoms (P < 0.05), impacting patients' general well‐being and overall treatment satisfaction. About half of Demodex‐positive patients (21/45, 46.7%) showed ocular symptoms.ConclusionsEye involvement in rosacea patients was common, often presenting with unspecific symptoms.
Under‐graduate nursing students working during the first outbreak of the COVID‐19 pandemic: A qualitative study of psychosocial effects and coping strategies
Authors: Velarde‐García Juan Francisco , González‐Hervías Raquel , Álvarez‐Embarba Beatriz , Cachón‐Pérez Jose Miguel , Rodríguez‐García Marta , Oliva‐Fernández Oscar , González‐Sanz Pilar , Palacios‐Ceña Domingo , Moro‐López‐Menchero Paloma , Fernández‐de‐las‐Peñas César , Mas Espejo Marta 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic caused a shortage of health care staff, forcing the hiring of senior nursing students.AimsTo describe the psychosocial impact and coping strategies used by nursing students during the first outbreak of the COVID‐19 pandemic and to understand the coping strategies they employed.MethodA qualitative exploratory study was conducted, based on Sandelowski's proposal. Purposive sampling was carried out to recruit 18 students hired during the pandemic. The students were interviewed between 18 March and 15 June 2020. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted using a digital platform. An inductive thematic analysis was performed.FindingsThe students lived alone and isolated during their contract to protect their cohabitants from possible contagion. The impact of working during the pandemic leads to experiences of stress, insomnia, nightmares and anxiety. Nursing students coped with the emotional burden through mental disconnection and the support of co‐workers and family members.ConclusionPsychological support and tutoring should be provided by health centres. In addition, in these special circumstances, universities should adapt the training provided.
Single immediate instillation of chemotherapy is associated with decreased recurrence and progression in patients with high‐risk non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer who receive adjuvant induction bacillus Calmette‐Guérin therapy
Authors: Fujita Naoki , Hatakeyama Shingo , Momota Masaki , Narita Takuma , Tobisawa Yuki , Yoneyama Tohru , Yamamoto Hayato , Ito Hiroyuki , Yoneyama Takahiro , Hashimoto Yasuhiro , Yoshikawa Kazuaki , Ohyama Chikara 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate whether a single intravesical instillation of chemotherapy is associated with improved oncological outcomes in patients with high‐risk non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer who receive adjuvant induction bacillus Calmette‐Guérin therapy.MethodsThis multi‐institutional retrospective study included 205 patients with high‐risk non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer who received adjuvant induction bacillus Calmette‐Guérin therapy. Patients were divided into two groups: those who received the combined therapy of a single instillation of chemotherapy plus subsequent adjuvant induction bacillus Calmette‐Guérin therapy (combined therapy group), and those who received adjuvant induction bacillus Calmette‐Guérin therapy alone (bacillus Calmette‐Guérin monotherapy group). Multivariable analyses using the inverse probability of treatment weighting method and Fine‐Gray competing risk regression models were performed to evaluate the impact of a single instillation of chemotherapy on intravesical recurrence‐free survival and muscle‐invasive bladder cancer‐free survival.ResultsAmong the 205 patients, 130 (63%) and 75 (37%) were classified as the combined therapy and bacillus Calmette‐Guérin monotherapy groups, respectively. Multivariable analyses using the inverse probability of treatment weighting method showed that a single instillation of chemotherapy was significantly associated with longer intravesical recurrence‐free survival (hazard ratio 0.279; P < 0.001) and muscle‐invasive bladder cancer‐free survival (hazard ratio 0.078; P < 0.001). Fine‐Gray competing risk regression model revealed that a single instillation of chemotherapy was associated with a significantly lower probability of intravesical recurrence and muscle‐invasive bladder cancer progression, with an adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio of 0.477 (P = 0.008) and 0.261 (P = 0.043), respectively.ConclusionA single intravesical instillation of chemotherapy may be a potential treatment option in patients with high‐risk non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer who receive adjuvant induction bacillus Calmette‐Guérin therapy.
Comparative trophic ecology of microhabitat‐associated guilds of reef fishes in the Adriatic Sea
Authors: Hayden Brian , Kovačić Macelo , Kirinčić Marin , Marčić Zoran 
Published: May 2022

AbstractReef ecosystems are characterized by highly heterogenous habitats and functionally diverse fish communities. Few studies have examined how functional diversity differs among habitats within these communities, i.e., species associated with a specific habitat may have similar trophic ecologies meaning that the functional diversity within the community is driven by habitat diversity or, conversely, high functional diversity within each habitat would indicate that resource segregation also occurs at the habitat level. We used stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen to estimate trophic position, resource use and ontogenetic niche shifts of 15 reef fishes associated with four distinct habitat types (cryptobenthic, epibenthic sand, epibenthic rock and hyperbenthic) on the Croatian coast of the Adriatic Sea. Trophic ecology was quite similar across fish assemblages, but there was strong evidence of niche segregation among fish species within each assemblage showing high functional diversity within each microhabitat. The sampled fish community contained benthic and pelagic resource users, along with multiple intermediate generalists. Consumer stable isotope ratios revealed considerable interspecific variation in resource use among fishes within each habitat type. The cryptobenthic fishes were a notable exception to this trend with the narrow range of resource use values, indicating reliance of these species on a single resource. The greatest diversity of trophic positions within a guild was observed in cryptobenthic and rock‐associated epibenthic fishes. The majority of observed ontogenetic variation in studied fish species reflected an increase in benthic resource use and trophic position. However, the degree of ontogenetic variation in trophic ecology of studied species, if present, was generally low, showing no dramatic change in the ecology of any species. The size structuring among guilds was considerable, with cryptobenthic fishes the smallest on average and hyperbenthic fishes the largest, despite guilds having similar ranges of trophic positions.
Vasopressin acts as a synapse organizer in limbic regions by boosting PSD95 and GluA1 expression
Authors: Zhang Limei , Padilla‐Flores Teresa , Hernández Vito S. , Zetter Mario A. , Campos‐Lira Elba , Escobar Laura I. , Millar Robert P. , Eiden Lee E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHypothalamic arginine vasopressin (AVP)‐containing magnocellular neurosecretory neurons (AVPMNN) emit collaterals to synaptically innervate limbic regions influencing learning, motivational behaviour, and fear responses. Here, we characterize the dynamics of expression changes of two key determinants for synaptic strength, the postsynaptic density (PSD) proteins AMPAR subunit GluA1 and PSD scaffolding protein 95 (PSD95), in response to in vivo manipulations of AVPMNN neuronal activation state, or exposure to exogenous AVP ex vivo. Both long‐term water deprivation in vivo, which powerfully upregulates AVPMNN metabolic activity, and exogenous AVP application ex vivo, in brain slices, significantly increased GluA1 and PSD95 expression as measured by western blotting, in brain regions reportedly receiving direct ascending innervations from AVPMNN (i.e., ventral hippocampus, amygdala and lateral habenula). By contrast, the visual cortex, a region not observed to receive AVPMNN projections, showed no such changes. Ex vivo application of V1a and V1b antagonists to ventral hippocampal slices ablated the AVP stimulated increase in postsynaptic protein expression measured by western blotting. Using a modified expansion microscopy technique, we were able to quantitatively assess the significant augmentation of PSD95 and GLUA1 densities in subcellular compartments in locus coeruleus tyrosine hydroxylase immunopositive fibres, adjacent to AVP axon terminals. Our data strongly suggest that the AVPMNN ascending system plays a role in the regulation of the excitability of targeted neuronal circuits through upregulation of key postsynaptic density proteins corresponding to excitatory synapses.
Super‐selective intra‐arterial dissolution therapy for lingual artery occlusion resulting due to the use of hyaluronic acid for chin augmentation: The first reported case
Authors: Yang Yi , Zhou Guiwen , Chen Kang , Fu Qiang , Lai Linying , Chen Minliang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAs a consequence of the current trend of performing minimally invasive surgery, the use of injectable fillers has progressively increased in aesthetic surgery. Vascular complications resulting due to the filling of hyaluronic acid (HA) in the chin have been previously reported. However, clinical evidence regarding the results of treatment of lingual artery occlusion with super‐selective intra‐arterial dissolution is lacking. Herein, we reported a case of lingual artery occlusion resulting due to HA filling for which tongue arteriography and catheter‐directed dissolution were implemented via femoral artery intubation for the first time in the literature. The aim of this paper was to discuss the rare complications arising due to chin augmentation and their treatment to provide a deeper understanding of the use and side effects of HA in this procedure.
Is there a link between alopecia areata and gut?
Authors: Hacınecipoğlu Fatmanur , Gönül Müzeyyen , Özdemir Şeyda , Demir Ömer Faruk 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThere may be an association between increased intestinal permeability and the progression of alopecia areata (AA).ObjectiveThe present study aimed to investigate the role of intestinal permeability in the etiopathogenesis of AA and its association with the severity of the disease.MethodsSerum zonulin levels of 70 patients with AA who were not receiving any systemic treatment and of 70 healthy control subjects were measured.ResultsThe median serum zonulin level in the patient group (46.38 ng/mL) did not differ significantly from that in the control group (50.34 ng/mL) (p = 0.828). Moreover, there was no significant relationship between serum zonulin levels and the severity of the disease (p = 0.549).LimitationsThe present study had a cross‐sectional design, and it did not include patients with alopecia totalis (AT) or alopecia universalis (AU).ConclusionWe did not observe an increase in intestinal permeability secondary to zonulin expression in patients with AA. However, in order to generalize this result to all patients with AA, serum zonulin levels need to be evaluated in studies including more patients with severe disease, AT, and AU.