bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TESS Giants Transiting Giants. II. The Hottest Jupiters Orbiting Evolved Stars
Authors: Grunblatt Samuel K. , Saunders Nicholas , Sun Meng , Chontos Ashley , Soares-Furtado Melinda , Eisner Nora , Pereira Filipe , Komacek Thaddeus , Huber Daniel , Collins Karen , Wang Gavin , Stockdale Chris , Quinn Samuel N. , Tronsgaard Rene , Zhou George , Nowak Grzegorz , Deeg Hans J. , Ciardi David R. , Boyle Andrew , Rice Malena , Dai Fei , Blunt Sarah , Van Zandt Judah , Beard Corey , Akana Murphy Joseph M. , Dalba Paul A. , Lubin Jack , Polanski Alex , Brinkman Casey Lynn , Howard Andrew W. , Buchhave Lars A. , Angus Ruth , Ricker George R. , Jenkins Jon M. , Wohler Bill , Goeke Robert F. , Levine Alan M. , Colon Knicole D. , Huang Chelsea X. , Kunimoto Michelle , Shporer Avi , Latham David W. , Seager Sara , Vanderspek Roland K. , Winn Joshua N. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Giant planets on short-period orbits are predicted to be inflated and eventually engulfed by their host stars. However, the detailed timescales and stages of these processes are not well known. Here, we present the discovery of three hot Jupiters (P < 10 days) orbiting evolved, intermediate-mass stars (M
⋆ ≈ 1.5 M
⊙, 2 R
⊙ < R
⋆ < 5 R
⊙). By combining TESS photometry with ground-based photometry and radial velocity measurements, we report masses and radii for these three planets of between 0.4 and 1.8 M
J and 0.8 and 1.8 R
J. TOI-2337b has the shortest period (P = 2.99432 ± 0.00008 days) of any planet discovered around a red giant star to date. Both TOI-4329b and TOI-2669b appear to be inflated, but TOI-2337b does not show any sign of inflation. The large radii and relatively low masses of TOI-4329b and TOI-2669b place them among the lowest density hot Jupiters currently known, while TOI-2337b is conversely one of the highest. All three planets have orbital eccentricities of below 0.2. The large spread in radii for these systems implies that planet inflation has a complex dependence on planet mass, radius, incident flux, and orbital properties. We predict that TOI-2337b has the shortest orbital decay timescale of any planet currently known, but do not detect any orbital decay in this system. Transmission spectroscopy of TOI-4329b would provide a favorable opportunity for the detection of water, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide features in the atmosphere of a planet orbiting an evolved star, and could yield new information about planet formation and atmospheric evolution.
Probing Extremal Gravitational-wave Events with Coarse-grained Likelihoods
Authors: Essick Reed , Farah Amanda , Galaudage Shanika , Talbot Colm , Fishbach Maya , Thrane Eric , Holz Daniel E. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
As catalogs of gravitational-wave transients grow, new records are set for the most extreme systems observed to date. The most massive observed black holes probe the physics of pair-instability supernovae while providing clues about the environments in which binary black hole systems are assembled. The least massive black holes, meanwhile, allow us to investigate the purported neutron star–black hole mass gap, and binaries with unusually asymmetric mass ratios or large spins inform our understanding of binary and stellar evolution. Existing outlier tests generally implement leave-one-out analyses, but these do not account for the fact that the event being left out was by definition an extreme member of the population. This results in a bias in the evaluation of outliers. We correct for this bias by introducing a coarse-graining framework to investigate whether these extremal events are true outliers or whether they are consistent with the rest of the observed population. Our method enables us to study extremal events while testing for population model misspecification. We show that this ameliorates biases present in the leave-one-out analyses commonly used within the gravitational-wave community. Applying our method to results from the second LIGO–Virgo transient catalog, we find qualitative agreement with the conclusions of Abbott et al. GW190814 is an outlier because of its small secondary mass. We find that neither GW190412 nor GW190521 is an outlier.
Absorption of the Lyα Radiation in the Heliosphere
Authors: Kowalska-Leszczynska I. , Kubiak M. A. , Bzowski M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Absorption of the Lyα radiation on interstellar neutral hydrogen (ISN H) atoms in the heliosphere is a potentially important effect to account for in precise gas distribution simulations. In this paper, we develop a method to estimate the magnitude of absorption of solar Lyα radiation inside the solar wind termination shock and to include absorption effects in the Warsaw Test Particle Model (WTPM) by an appropriate modification of radiation pressure. We perform calculations of absorption effects on a 3D grid in the heliosphere and present a set of parameters to model absorption effects for the mean solar activity conditions. We show that absorption can change by up to 3%, depending on the solar activity level. Using a modified version of WTPM, we calculate the expected signal from IBEX-Lo and show that absorption may modify the simulated flux by up to 8%.
Dynamically Tagged Groups of Metal-poor Stars from the Best and Brightest Survey
Authors: Shank Derek , Beers Timothy C. , Placco Vinicius M. , Limberg Guilherme , Jaques Emma , Yuan Zhen , Schlaufman Kevin C. , Casey Andrew R. , Huang Yang , Lee Young Sun , Hattori Kohei , Santucci Rafael M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Orbital characteristics based on Gaia Early Data Release 3 astrometric parameters are analyzed for ∼4000 metal-poor stars ([Fe/H] ≤ −0.8) compiled from the Best and Brightest survey. Selected as metal-poor candidates based on broadband near- and far-IR photometry, 43% of these stars had medium-resolution (1200 ≲ R ≲ 2000) validation spectra obtained over a 7 yr campaign from 2014 to 2020 with a variety of telescopes. The remaining stars were chosen based on photometric metallicity determinations from the Huang et al. recalibration of the Sky Mapper Southern Survey. Dynamical clusters of these stars are obtained from the orbital energy and cylindrical actions using the HDBSCAN unsupervised learning algorithm. We identify 52 dynamically tagged groups (DTGs) with between five and 21 members; 18 DTGs have at least 10 member stars. Milky Way (MW) substructures such as Gaia-Sausage-Enceladus, the Metal-Weak Thick-Disk, Thamnos, the Splashed Disk, and the Helmi Stream are identified. Associations with MW globular clusters are determined for eight DTGs; no recognized MW dwarf galaxies were associated with any of our DTGs. Previously identified dynamical groups are also associated with our DTGs, with emphasis placed on their structural determination and possible new identifications. Chemically peculiar stars are identified as members of several DTGs, with six DTGs that are associated with r-process-enhanced stars. We demonstrate that the mean carbon and α-element abundances of our DTGs are correlated with their mean metallicity in an understandable manner. Similarly, we find that the mean metallicity, carbon, and α-element abundances are separable into different regions of the mean rotational-velocity space.
Simultaneous Observations of Chromospheric Evaporation and Condensation during a C-class Flare
Authors: Li Dong , Hong Zhenxiang , Ning Zongjun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We explored simultaneous observations of chromospheric evaporation and condensation during the impulsive phase of a C6.7 flare on 2019 May 9. The solar flare was simultaneously observed by multiple instruments, i.e., the New Vacuum Solar Telescope (NVST), the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA), Fermi, the Mingantu Spectral Radioheliograph, and the Nobeyama Radio Polarimeters. Using the single Gaussian fitting and the moment analysis technique, redshifted velocities at slow speeds of 15–19 km s−1 are found in the cool lines of C ii and Si iv at one flare footpoint location. Redshifts are also seen in the Hα line-of-sight velocity image measured by NVST at double footpoints. Those redshifts with slow speeds can be regarded as the low-velocity downflows driven by the chromospheric condensation. Meanwhile, the converging motions from double footpoints to the loop top are found in the high-temperature EUV images, such as AIA 131, 94, and 335 Å. Their apparent speeds are estimated to be roughly 126–210 km s−1, which could be regarded as the high-velocity upflows caused by the chromospheric evaporation. The nonthermal energy flux is estimated to be about 5.7 × 1010 erg s−1 cm−2. The characteristic timescale is roughly equal to 1 minute. All these observational results suggest an explosive chromospheric evaporation during the flare impulsive phase. While a hard X-ray/microwave pulse and a type III radio burst are found simultaneously, indicating that the explosive chromospheric evaporation is driven by the nonthermal electron.
The Design and Integrated Performance of SPT-3G
Authors: Sobrin J. A. , Anderson A. J. , Bender A. N. , Benson B. A. , Dutcher D. , Foster A. , Goeckner-Wald N. , Montgomery J. , Nadolski A. , Rahlin A. , Ade P. A. R. , Ahmed Z. , Anderes E. , Archipley M. , Austermann J. E. , Avva J. S. , Aylor K. , Balkenhol L. , Barry P. S. , Thakur R. Basu , Benabed K. , Bianchini F. , Bleem L. E. , Bouchet F. R. , Bryant L. , Byrum K. , Carlstrom J. E. , Carter F. W. , Cecil T. W. , Chang C. L. , Chaubal P. , Chen G. , Cho H.-M. , Chou T.-L. , Cliche J.-F. , Crawford T. M. , Cukierman A. , Daley C. , Haan T. de , Denison E. V. , Dibert K. , Ding J. , Dobbs M. A. , Everett W. , Feng C. , Ferguson K. R. , Fu J. , Galli S. , Gambrel A. E. , Gardner R. W. , Gualtieri R. , Guns S. , Gupta N. , Guyser R. , Halverson N. W. , Harke-Hosemann A. H. , Harrington N. L. , Henning J. W. , Hilton G. C. , Hivon E. , Holder G. P. , Holzapfel W. L. , Hood J. C. , Howe D. , Huang N. , Irwin K. D. , Jeong O. B. , Jonas M. , Jones A. , Khaire T. S. , Knox L. , Kofman A. M. , Korman M. , Kubik D. L. , Kuhlmann S. , Kuo C.-L. , Lee A. T. , Leitch E. M. , Lowitz A. E. , Lu C. , Meyer S. S. , Michalik D. , Millea M. , Natoli T. , Nguyen H. , Noble G. I. , Novosad V. , Omori Y. , Padin S. , Pan Z. , Paschos P. , Pearson J. , Posada C. M. , Prabhu K. , Quan W. , Reichardt C. L. , Riebel D. , Riedel B. , Rouble M. , Ruhl J. E. , Saliwanchik B. , Sayre J. T. , Schiappucci E. , Shirokoff E. , Smecher G. , Stark A. A. , Stephen J. , Story K. T. , Suzuki A. , Tandoi C. , Thompson K. L. , Thorne B. , Tucker C. , Umilta C. , Vale L. R. , Vanderlinde K. , Vieira J. D. , Wang G. , Whitehorn N. , Wu W. L. K. , Yefremenko V. , Yoon K. W. , Young M. R. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
SPT-3G is the third survey receiver operating on the South Pole Telescope dedicated to high-resolution observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Sensitive measurements of the temperature and polarization anisotropies of the CMB provide a powerful data set for constraining cosmology. Additionally, CMB surveys with arcminute-scale resolution are capable of detecting galaxy clusters, millimeter-wave bright galaxies, and a variety of transient phenomena. The SPT-3G instrument provides a significant improvement in mapping speed over its predecessors, SPT-SZ and SPTpol. The broadband optics design of the instrument achieves a 430 mm diameter image plane across observing bands of 95, 150, and 220 GHz, with 1.2′ FWHM beam response at 150 GHz. In the receiver, this image plane is populated with 2690 dual-polarization, trichroic pixels (∼16,000 detectors) read out using a 68× digital frequency-domain multiplexing readout system. In 2018, SPT-3G began a multiyear survey of 1500 deg2 of the southern sky. We summarize the unique optical, cryogenic, detector, and readout technologies employed in SPT-3G, and we report on the integrated performance of the instrument.
The Kepler IRIS Catalog: Image Subtraction Light Curves for 9150 Stars in and around the Open Clusters NGC 6791 and NGC 6819
Authors: Colman Isabel L. , Bedding Timothy R. , Huber Daniel , Kjeldsen Hans 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The four-year Kepler mission collected long-cadence images of the open clusters NGC 6791 and NGC 6819, known as “superstamps”. Each superstamp region is a 200 pixel square that captures thousands of cluster members, plus foreground and background stars, of which only the brightest were targeted for long- or short-cadence photometry during the Kepler mission. Using image subtraction photometry, we have produced light curves for every object in the Kepler Input Catalog that falls on the superstamps. The Increased Resolution Image Subtraction (IRIS) catalog includes light curves for 9150 stars, and contains a wealth of new data: 8427 of these stars were not targeted at all by Kepler, and we have increased the number of available quarters of long-cadence data for 382 stars. The catalog is available as a high-level science product on MAST, with both raw photometric data for each quarter and corrected light curves for all available quarters for each star. We also present an introduction to our implementation of image subtraction photometry and the open-source IRIS pipeline, alongside an overview of the data products, systematics, and catalog statistics.
Cultivation and Processing of Microalgae for Its Sustainability as a Feedstock for Biodiesel Production
Authors: Ajala E.O. , Ajala M.A. , Akinpelu G.S. , Akubude V.C. 
Published: February 2022

Microalgae are becoming sustainable alternative feedstocks to food crops for biodiesel production which can also solve the problems associated with the use of fossil fuels. However, several challenges about microalgae’s cultivation, harvesting, pre-treatment and extraction processes as well as the technology of biodiesel production affect its sustainability. This study proffers solutions to these challenges and recommended that hybrid culture systems with genetically engineered microalgal species would overcome the challenges of cultivation. The coagulation/flocculation method was adjudged the best harvesting process of the microalgae for its sustainability for biodiesel production. The pre-treatment by ultrasound coupled with enzymatic extraction was suggested best, due to their numerous advantages over other methods. A novel integrated ultrasound-enzyme-enzyme in-situ pre-treatment-extraction-transesterification design is considered a sustainable approach to utilising microalgae biomass for biodiesel production. The study concludes that the microalgae biomass is more than sufficient to meet the global energy demand and can be economically harnessed as a sustainable feedstock for biodiesel production.
HIGHLIGHTS
•Microalgae contain sufficient characteristics for their sustainability for biodiesel production.• Implementation of genetic strategies of microalgal species by cultivating in a hybrid system is the key to microalgae sustainability.• Harvesting of microalgae by coagulation/flocculation method would promote its efficient lipid recovery.• Microalgae are novel feedstocks with a rigid cell wall, its lipid extraction requires the use of effective and efficient pre-treatment.• The ultrasound-enzymatic extraction and enzymatic transesterification in an in-situ process can sustainably utilise microalgae biomass for biodiesel production.
“Viajeros hispanoamericanos a Oriente árabe”
Authors: Barrera María Olga Samamé 
Published: February 2022

En este trabajo se presenta a dos viajeros hispanoamericanos que realizaron un viaje al Oriente árabe, durante el primer tercio del siglo XX. Este espacio se definía por su fanatismo religioso, su barbarie, su estancamiento cultural, su desenfadada sexualidad y pereza, donde la presencia de Occidente se justificaba porque se había convertido en el ente civilizador de aquel en todos sus aspectos. La escritura de estos dos viajeros carece de un sentimiento colonial explícito, aunque construyan al árabe como un ser inferior, demuestra que los itinerantes no realizan su viaje con un afán edificante, sino para describirlo en el aspecto físico, la fe y las costumbres de sus habitantes, en una suerte de liberación personal.
Recirculación en Bombas Centrífugas
Authors: Esquivel Francisco Valenzuela , Velázquez Miguel Toledo 
Published: February 2022

Los métodos y criterios de diseño de los equipos de bombeo se aplican únicamente en el punto de máxima eficiencia. El diseño de un equipo de bombeo trata de lograr la máxima eficiencia a una capacidad, carga y velocidad, conducido por estudios hidráulicos para determinar los requerimientos que aseguren un consumo mínimo de energía. De igual forma los principales parámetros de diseño para el cálculo de las dimensiones y forma de la bomba se establecen con la misma metodología.
Sin embargo, se ha tocado poco el tema de la operación fuera del punto de máxima eficiencia en los requerimientos de los parámetros de diseño, no habiendo una referencia específica dentro del cálculo del impulsor necesaria para satisfacer posibles requerimientos o problemas que se presenten al operar el equipo de bombeo fuera de éste punto.
A bibliometric analysis of the studies on dental implant failure
Authors: Farhan Raza Khan  , Syed Murtaza Raza Kazmi  , Yusra Fahim Siddiqui  
Published: February 2022

Objective: To identify top 30 studies related to dental implant failures based on bibliometric analysis.
Methods: The bibliometric study was conducted at Aga Khan University, Karachi from April 2021 to June 2021 and comprised database search on Google Scholar used key words "dental implant failures" for studies published between 1990 and 2020. The selected studies were reviewed based on citation count for which the cut-off date was June 1, 2021.Results: The top 30 papers on dental implant failures had median citation count of 153 (range: 41-1583. Most of the studies were retrospective 11(36.7%), followed by literature reviews 6(20%). The top three contributing journals were the 'International Journal of Oral Maxillofacial Implants' 6(20%), the 'Clinical Oral Implants Research' 5(16.7%) and 'Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research' 3(10%). Goteborg University, Sweden, contributed the maximum number of most cited papers 8(26.7%).
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Current perspectives of oncoplastic breast surgery in Pakistan
Authors: Lubna Mushtaque Vohra  , Dua Jabeen  , Danish Ali  , Syeda Sakina Abidi  , Rizwan Javaid  , Sana Zeeshan  , Abida Khalil Sattar  
Published: February 2022

Oncoplastic breast surgery is based on the concept of tumour-specific immediate reconstruction. It combines both local and distant techniques to maintain breast texture, symmetry and cosmesis without compromising oncological outcome. The current narrative review was planned to highlight the current state and future of oncoplastic breast surgery in low- and middle-incomecountries where its utilisation in surgical practice remains insubstantial because majority of the surgeons who are treating breast cancer are either general surgeons or breast surgeons who do not have expertise in oncoplastic breast surgery or reconstructive surgery. Moreover, scarcity of financial resources, ignorance about oncoplastic breast surgery techniques, disfigurementdistress and cultural taboos coerce women to hide in the shadows with their breast disease. Oncoplastic breast surgery needs more exposure in a developing country like Pakistan.
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Artificial intelligence in dentistry, orthodontics and Orthognathic surgery: A literature review
Authors: Arshad Siddiqui  , Rashna Hoshang Sukhia  , Dinaz Ghandhi  
Published: February 2022

Artificial intelligence is the ability of machines to work like humans. The concept initially began with the advent of mathematical models which gave calculated outputs based on inputs fed into the system. This was later modified with the introduction of various algorithms which can either give output based on overall data analysis or by selection of information within previous data. It is steadily becoming a favoured mode of treatment due to its efficiency and ability to manage complex conditions in all specialities. In dentistry, artificial intelligence has also popularised over the past few decades. They have been found useful fordiagnosis in restorative dentistry, oral pathology and oral surgery. In orthodontics, they have been utilised for diagnosis, assessment of treatment needs, cephalometrics, treatment planning and orthognathic surgeries etc. The current literature review was planned to highlight the uses of artificial intelligence in dentistry, specifically in orthodontics and orthognathic surgery.
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Surgical training in ophthalmology: Role of EyeSi in the era of simulation-based learning
Authors: Abdul Sami Memon  , Sehrish Nizar Ali Momin  , Muhammad Bilal Malik  , Pir Salim Mahar  
Published: February 2022

Recent advancements in surgical training methods have escalated the need for simulators. The EyeSi simulation has played a major role in Ophthalmology training by providing opportunity to the novice residents to grasp the surgical steps of the procedure and master the skill by repeated attempts. Participants were as-sessed on single level of cataract module and their consecutive scores were assessed with each attempt. It was found that repetitive practice on simulator can help develop proficiency in the desired steps that can ultimately prepare the surgical trainees for real life surgery.
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Association of physical activity level with body composition in 12-14 years old children: A pilot study
Authors: Güzel Yasemin , Mustafa Atakan Muhammed , Hüsrev Turnagöl Hüseyin , Nazan Koşar Şükran 
Published: February 2022

Objective: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents increased dramatically. Reduced regular physical activity (PA) is considered one of the major factors behind this worldwide epidemic and related health problems. This study aimed to determine the association between PA level and body composition components in 12-14 years old girls and boys living in Altındağ district, Ankara.
Materials and methods: A total of 234 boys and 224 girls aged 12-14 years participated in this study. PA level was assessed by the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C) and body composition was measured by bioelectric impedance. Two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test and Pearson Correlation Coefficient tests were used in data analysis.
Results: Findings of the study showed that children aged 12 years had higher total PA score than aged 13 and 14 years (p<0.05), showing decreased PA level with age. Boys had significantly higher total PA score in all age groups than girls (p<0.05). Girls with healthy weight and overweight showed significantly higher total PA score than girls with obesity. Girls had higher fat mass and body fat percentage than boys in all age groups (p<0.05). Fat mass was inversely associated with total PA score in all age groups (12 years old r=-0.28; p<0.001, 13 years old r=-0.16; p=0.047, 14 years old r=-0.21; p=0.007).
Conclusions: PA participation of children declines with age. Reduced PA level is significantly associated with increased fat mass, indicating the importance of PA in maintaining a healthy weight in this age group.