bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic review and meta-analysis of augmentation and combination treatments for early-stage treatment-resistant depression
Authors: Scott Fraser , Hampsey Elliot , Gnanapragasam Sam , Carter Ben , Marwood Lindsey , Taylor Rachael W , Emre Cansu , Korotkova Lora , Martín-Dombrowski Jonatan , Cleare Anthony J , Young Allan H , Strawbridge Rebecca 
Published: July 2022

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly burdensome health condition, for which there are numerous accepted pharmacological and psychological interventions. Adjunctive treatment (augmentation/combination) is recommended for the ~50% of MDD patients who do not adequately respond to first-line treatment. We aimed to evaluate the current evidence for concomitant approaches for people with early-stage treatment-resistant depression (TRD; defined below). Methods: We systematically searched Medline and Institute for Scientific Information Web of Science to identify randomised controlled trials of adjunctive treatment of ⩾10 adults with MDD who had not responded to ⩾1 adequate antidepressant. The cochrane risk of bias (RoB) tool was used to assess study quality. Pre-post treatment meta-analyses were performed, allowing for comparison across heterogeneous study designs independent of comparator interventions. Results: In total, 115 trials investigating 48 treatments were synthesised. The mean intervention duration was 9 weeks (range 5 days to 18 months) with most studies assessed to have low ( n = 57) or moderate ( n = 51) RoB. The highest effect sizes (ESs) were from cognitive behavioural therapy (ES = 1.58, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09–2.07), (es)ketamine (ES = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.23–1.73) and risperidone (ES = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.29–1.61). Only aripiprazole and lithium were examined in ⩾10 studies. Pill placebo (ES = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.81–0.98) had a not inconsiderable ES, and only six treatments’ 95% CIs did not overlap with pill placebo’s (aripiprazole, (es)ketamine, mirtazapine, olanzapine, quetiapine and risperidone). We report marked heterogeneity between studies for almost all analyses. Conclusions: Our findings support cautious optimism for several augmentation strategies; although considering the high prevalence of TRD, evidence remains inadequate for each treatment option.
Efficacy of percutaneous ethanol injection versus radiofrequency ablation for single hepatocellular carcinoma no larger than 5 cm
Authors: Yang Ping , Li Ningjie 
Published: July 2022

Objective To compare the efficacy of percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of no larger than 5 cm. Methods The data used in this study were retrieved from the SEER database. In total, 3510 patients diagnosed with HCC of no larger than 5 cm who received PEI or RFA were included. Results The median overall survival (mOS) and median cancer-specific survival (mCSS) of RFA-treated patients were not significantly longer than those of PEI-treated patients either before or after propensity score matching (PSM). The subgroup analysis showed that patients with HCC of no larger than 2 cm, HCC of larger than 2 cm, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage I and II, and AJCC stage III and IV who received RFA had mOS and mCSS similar to those of patients who received PEI after PSM. Multivariable regression analysis showed that PEI did not increase the all-cause mortality risk or cancer-specific mortality risk after PSM. Conclusion RFA is still the better choice for patients with a single HCC of no more than 5 cm. However, PEI might be a good choice for these patients who cannot be treated with RFA.
Dasiglucagon: A Novel Ready-to-Use Treatment for Severe Hypoglycemia
Authors: Goodhart Angela L. 
Published: July 2022

Objective: To review dasiglucagon, a novel glucagon analogue approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of severe hypoglycemia in 2021. Data Sources: A literature search using the PubMed database (current to March 2022) and ClinicalTrials.gov was conducted using the search term dasiglucagon. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Relevant clinical data from English-language clinical trials were included. Data Synthesis: Dasiglucagon was studied in 3 clinical trials: 1 in patients aged 6 to 17 years and 2 in adults. In all 3 trials, dasiglucagon was found to provide clinically significant benefit in minutes to plasma glucose recovery compared with placebo (10 vs 40, P < 0.001; 10 vs 30, P < 0.001; 10 vs 35, P < 0.0001). Dasiglucagon was also comparable with reconstituted glucagon in plasma glucose recovery time measured from time of administration. The most common adverse events with dasiglucagon were nausea, vomiting, and headache; no serious safety events were observed. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice: Dasiglucagon is a novel glucagon analogue that is safe and effective for the treatment of severe hypoglycemia, and it is the first to be stable in aqueous solution. This makes dasiglucagon one of only 3 currently available glucagon treatment options that does not require reconstitution prior to administration. Conclusions: Dasiglucagon offers safe and effective treatment for severe hypoglycemia in patients aged 6 years and older. The stability of dasiglucagon in aqueous solution provides an additional option for emergency glucagon treatment that does not require reconstitution prior to administration.
Morphine Use in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction With Downstream P2Y12 Receptor Blockers—Insight From Observational Study
Authors: Roguin Ariel , Kobo Ofer , Meisel Simcha Ron , Maraga Emad , Frimerman Aaron , Amsalem Naama , Malka Rinat , Levi Yaniv , Fanne Rami Abu 
Published: July 2022

Background and Aims: Morphine use for patients presenting with NSTE-ACS is associated with excess mortality. However, the role of morphine in STE-ACS is ill characterized. We have recently confirmed direct prothrombotic effect of morphine using murine models. We sought to explore whether morphine use in STE-ACS patients, used to be scheduled for downstream P2Y12 blockers, is negatively associated with procedural and clinical outcomes. Methods: A single-center, observational retrospective analysis enrolling 130 non-randomized stable patients sustaining STE-ACS as their first manifestation of coronary disease, who presented between December 2010 and June 2013. All were managed by early invasive approach. Of study patients, 55 were treated by morphine, and 75 were not. All were administered downstream P2Y12 blockers according to an already abandoned local policy. Outcomes evaluated included TIMI grade flow, thrombus burden, ST-segment resolution, myocardial function by echocardiography, and cardiovascular death. Results: Morphine administration was associated with a significantly higher incidence of impaired final TIMI grade flow (TIMI < 3, 40% vs 4%, P < .05), lower incidence of ST-segment resolution >70% (40.7% vs 76.5%, P < .05), and a higher incidence of moderate or severe systolic dysfunction (48.1% vs 29.1%, P < .05) compared with morphine naive patients. Interestingly, the overall mortality rate was higher in the morphine-treated group (18% vs 5.3%, P < .05). Conclusions and Relevance: Morphine administration combined with the downstream P2Y12 blockers practice signify a group with a higher occurrence of impaired myocardial reperfusion and cardiovascular death despite established on-time primary angioplasty.
Impact of diabetes on long-term all-cause re-hospitalization after revascularization with percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Hansen Kirstine N , Noori Manijeh , Christiansen Evald H , Kristiansen Eskild B , Maeng Michael , Zwisler Ann Dorthe O , Borregaard Britt , Søgaard Rikke , Veien Karsten T , Junker Anders , Jensen Lisette Okkels 
Published: July 2022

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the incidence, cause and probability of re-hospitalization within 30 and 365 days after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with diabetes. Method: Between January 2010 and September 2014, 2763 patients with diabetes were treated with PCI at two Hospitals in Western Denmark. Reasons for readmission within 30 and 365 days were identified. Results: Readmission risks for patients with diabetes were 58% within 365 days and 18% within 30 days. Reason for readmission was ischemic heart disease (IHD) in 725 patients (27%), and non-IHD-related reasons in 826 patients (31%). IHD-related readmission within 365 days was associated with female gender (OR 1.3, 95% CI: 1.1–1.5), and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, compared to stable angina at the index hospitalization (OR 1.3, 95% CI: 1.1–1.6). Among patients with diabetes, increased risk of readmission due to other reasons were age (OR 1.3, 95% CI: 1.2–1.5) and higher scores of modified Charlson Comorbidity index (CCI): CCI ≥3 (OR 3.6, 95% CI: 2.8–4.6). Conclusion: More than half of the patients with diabetes mellitus undergoing PCI were readmitted within 1 year. Comorbidities were the strongest predictor for non-IHD-related readmission, but did not increase the risk for IHD-related readmissions.
Effects of Vigorous Versus Restorative Yoga Practice on Objective Cognition Functions in Sedentary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Survivors: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial
Authors: Deng Gary , Bao Ting , Ryan Elizabeth L. , Benusis Lara , Hogan Pasha , Li Qing S. , Dries Annika , Konner Jason , Ahles Tim A. , Mao Jun J. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose: Many cancer survivors experience cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI). We conducted a randomized controlled pilot trial of 2 types of yoga practice and evaluated their effects on participants’ objective cognitive function. Methods: Sedentary breast or ovarian cancer survivors were randomized to practice either restorative yoga (with more meditative practice and minimal physical exertion) or vigorous yoga (with considerable physical exertion and minimal meditative practice) in 60-minute supervised sessions 3 times a week for 12 weeks, followed by 12 weeks of home practice. We used the NIH Toolbox Cognition Domain to evaluate participants at baseline, week 12, and week 24. Results: We enrolled 35 participants. For women in the restorative yoga group, overall cognitive function was statistically significantly improved at weeks 12 and 24 compared to baseline ( P = .03 and 0.004; Cohen’s D = 0.3 and 0.5). Fluid cognitive function also significantly improved at weeks 12 and 24 ( P = .02 and 0.0007; Cohen’s D = 0.3 and 0.6), whereas improvements in crystallized cognition were not significant. For women in the vigorous yoga group, significant improvement was only seen in tasks of crystallized cognition at week 24 ( P = .03; Cohen’s D = 0.5). Between-group comparisons showed that at week 24, women in the restorative yoga group had significantly higher scores on fluid cognition tasks. Conclusions: Patients who participated in yoga practice demonstrated improvement in objective cognitive function over time. Restorative yoga may be more effective in improving fluid cognitive function at week 24 when compared to vigorous yoga. These promising findings should be confirmed in definitive studies. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov; NCT02305498 (Date Registered: December 2, 2014)
Evidence of nonsurgical treatment for polycystic liver disease
Authors: Yoo Jeong-Ju , Jo Hye In , Jung Eun-Ae , Lee Jae Seung , Kim Sang Gyune , Kim Young Seok , Kim Beom Kyung 
Published: July 2022

Background: Polycystic liver disease (PCLD) is the most common extrarenal manifestation of polycystic kidney disease. There is an urgent need to assess the efficacy and safety of nonsurgical modalities to relieve symptoms and decrease the severity of PCLD. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the nonsurgical treatment of PCLD and the quality of life of affected patients. Methods: PubMed, Ovid, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies on the nonsurgical modalities, either medications or radiological intervention to manage PCLD. Treatment efficacy, adverse events (AEs), and patient quality of life were evaluated. Results: In total, 27 studies involving 1037 patients were selected. After nonsurgical treatment, liver volume decreased by 259 ml/m [mean change (Δ) of 6.22%] and the effect was higher in the radiological intervention group [−1617 ml/m (−15.49%)] than in the medication group [−151 ml/m (−3.78%)]. The AEs and serious AEs rates after overall nonsurgical treatment were 0.50 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.33–0.67] and 0.04 (95% CI: 0.01–0.07), respectively. The results of the SF-36 questionnaire showed that PCLD treatment improved physical function [physical component summary score of 4.18 (95% CI: 1.54–6.83)] but did not significantly improve mental function [mental component summary score of 0.91 (95% CI: −1.20 to 3.03)]. Conclusion: Nonsurgical treatment was effective and safe for PCLD, but did not improve the quality of life in terms of mental health. Radiological intervention directly reduces hepatic cysts, and thus they should be considered for immediate symptom relief in patients with severe symptoms, whereas medication might be considered for maintenance treatment. Registration number: PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews) CRD42021279597
Dyslipidemia and associated cardiovascular risk factors in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients visiting ambulatory clinics: A hospital-based study
Authors: Woldu Minyahil A. , Minzi Omary , Engidawork Ephrem 
Published: July 2022

Background Dyslipidemia is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), accounting for more than half of all instances of coronary artery disease globally (CAD). Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine lipid-related cardiovascular risks in HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals by evaluating lipid profiles, ratios, and other related parameters. Methods A hospital-based study was carried out from January 2019 to February 2021 in both HIV + and HIV- ambulatory patients. Results High TG (p = .003), high TC (p = .025), and low HDL (p < .001) were all associated with a two-fold increased risk of CVD in people aged 45 and up. Due to higher TG (p < .001) and lower HDL (p < .001), males were found to have a higher risk of atherogenic dyslipidemia. A twofold increase in the likelihood of higher TG levels has been associated with smoking (p = .032) and alcohol intake (p = .022). A twofold increase in a high TC/HDL ratio and an elevated TG/HDL ratio was observed with an increase in waist-to-height ratio (p = .030) and a high level of FBS (126 mg/dl) and/or validated diabetes (p = .017), respectively. In HIV + participants, central obesity (p < .001), diabetes (p < .001), and high blood pressure (p < .001) were all less common than in HIV- participants. Conclusions Dyslipidemia is linked to advanced age, male gender, diabetes, smoking, alcohol consumption, and increased waist circumference, all of which could lead to an increased risk of CVD, according to the study. The study also revealed that the risks are less common in HIV + people than in HIV-negative ambulatory patients.
Neonatal near miss and associated factors among neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit of hospitals in East Wollega, Western Ethiopia, 2019
Authors: Gutema Edosa Amente , Getachew Erena Motuma , Kasaye Habtamu Kebebe 
Published: July 2022

Background: Neonatal near miss is an infant who nearly died but survived from birth to 28 days. Neonatal period is the most vulnerable time for child’s healthiness and continued existence. Globally, about 2.5 million children died in their first month of life and 7000 die/day. Objective: To assess neonatal near miss and associated factors among neonates admitted to intensive care unit at hospitals in East Wollega, West Ethiopia, 2019. Methods: Quantitative, facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 15 July to 30 August 2019 on 403 neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit of hospitals. After ethical clearance, five recruited and trained nurses collected the data with pretested structured questionnaire. Neonates sampled were selected using systematic random sampling. Data entered into Epi-info version 7.1 and exported to SPSS Version 24. Binary logistic regression was performed, and adjusted odds ratio with P-value ⩽ 0.05 at 95% confidence interval was used as statistically significant. Results: All, 403, study participants were included in this study, yielding 100% response rate. From these, 196 (48.60%) neonates were near miss. In multivariable logistic regression, mother who lived in rural area (adjusted odds ratio = 3.84, 95% confidence interval = (1.78, 8.31)), cesarean section (adjusted odds ratio = 10.68, 95% confidence interval = (2.95, 38.71)), and neonates referred to hospitals (adjusted odds ratio = 3.32, 95% confidence interval = (3.27, 12.01)). Also, female neonates (adjusted odds ratio = 2.99, 95% confidence interval = (1.45, 6.14)) and multiple birth (adjusted odds ratio = 3.07, 95% confidence interval = (1.32, 7.16)) were significantly associated with neonatal near miss. Conclusion: Neonatal near miss found to be high compared to previously existing research in Brazil. Health institutions, health professionals, and concerned bodies on plan and implementation of neonatal care need to consider these factors during pregnancy, delivery, and for neonates immediate after birth and in neonatal intensive care unit.
Effects of body fat components on early renal functions of individuals following kidney donation
Authors: Yığman Metin , Tangal Semih 
Published: July 2022

Objective: Obesity stands as a risk factor for the chronic kidney disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between early renal function following kidney donation and the measurements of body fat components. Methods: In total, 86 donors followed up for at least 6 months postoperatively were included. Height and weight measurements and results of laboratory analysis of all donors were recorded retrospectively. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), hepatic fat (HF), pancreatic fat (PF) and splenic fat (SF) measurements were performed, and pancreatic splenic fat fraction difference (P−S) and pancreatic splenic fat fraction ratio (P/S) were calculated by a radiologist using the records of preoperative computed tomography scans of donors. Results: The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), serum creatinine and spot urinary microalbumin/creatinine ratio values of the donors at the sixth month postoperatively were statistically different from those of the preoperative values ( p < 0.001). In addition, the individuals were divided into two categories based on the postoperative eGFR: ⩾ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Age, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level and VAT/SAT ratio were lower in group eGFR: ⩾ 60 ( p < 0.001, p = 0.03, p = 0.007, respectively). Age and VAT/SAT ratio were the parameters found to be affecting the eGFR significantly, and VAT/SAT ratio (0.729, 95% CI: 0.602–0.856, p = 0.007) had higher predictive value in receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Conclusion: Preoperative measurements of body fat components may provide significant information to predict postoperative renal functions of kidney donor candidates. Level of evidence: Not applicable.
Use of Opioids in the Early Postoperative Period After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Systematic Review
Authors: Davis William H. , Sandler Alexis B. , Scanaliato John P. , Dunn John C. , Parnes Nata 
Published: July 2022

Background: Postoperative treatment plans after orthopaedic procedures frequently include opioids for pain relief. Purpose: To evaluate opioid use in the early postoperative phase after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) to develop a procedure-specific understanding of the current role of opioids in pain management for this procedure. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A PubMed search was used to identify eligible studies. Data on patient demographics, visual analog scale pain scores, and opioid use patterns (in morphine milligram equivalents [MMEs]) were collected and assessed. Cumulative MMEs were reported on postoperative day (POD) zero, and mean MMEs were reported on subsequent PODs (days 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, and 14). Metaregression, I 2 indices, and Cochran Q tests were used to evaluate study variation, heterogeneity, and variance. Results: A total of 1487 patients in 22 studies were included in the analysis. An estimated 51% (95% CI, 31%-70%) of patients with nerve blocks (NBs) were opioid-free through POD-0 versus 40% (95% CI, 1.2%-97%) of patients without NBs, which increased to 65% (95% CI, 55%-74%) versus 25% (95% CI, 1.7%-86%) by POD-1. Opioid requirements were highest in the first 72 hours after ARCR. NB use reduced opioid requirement on POD-0 compared with no NB use (15.8 vs 45.0 MMEs, respectively; P < .001) but did not reduce requirements after that. In addition, NB use led to a statistically significant increase in opioid requirements on POD-7 (28.6 vs 9.5 MMEs, respectively; P < .001). Using a model that assumes stable opioid requirements between our time points, weighted mean cumulative opioid consumption was 163 MMEs in the first week and 273 MMEs in the first 2 weeks (150 and 287 MMEs in patients with NB; 180 and 261 MMEs in patients without NB, respectively). Conclusion: Opioid use is relatively common in the early postoperative period after ARCR. Pain scores and opioid requirements may spike on POD-1; however, patients should be educated and reassured that they will gradually decrease usage over the initial 2-week postoperative period.
Translation of 3D Anatomy to 2D Radiographic Angle Measurements in the Ankle Joint: Validity and Reliability
Authors: Vuurberg Gwendolyn , Tümer Nazli , Sierevelt Inger , Dobbe Johannes G. G. , Hemke Robert , Wiegerinck Jan Joost , Maas Mario , Kerkhoffs Gino M. M. J. , Tuijthof Gabriëlle J. M. 
Published: July 2022

Background: The objective consisted of 2 elements, primarily to define 2 bone geometry variations of the ankle that may be of prognostic value on ankle instability and secondly to translate these bone variations from a 3D model to a simple 2D radiographic measurement for clinical use. Methods: The 3D tibial and talar shape differences derived from earlier studies were translated to two 2D radiographic parameters: the medial malleolar height angle (MMHA) and talar convexity angle (TCA) respectively to ensure clinical use. To assess validity, the MMHA and TCA were measured on 3D polygons derived from lower leg computed tomographic (CT) scans and 2D digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRRs) of these polygons. To assess reliability, the MMHA and TCA were measured on standard radiographs by 2 observers calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: The 3D angle measurements on the polygons showed substantial to excellent agreement with the 2D measurements on DRR for both the MMHA (ICC 0.84-0.93) and TCA (ICC 0.88-0.96). The interobserver reliability was moderate with an ICC of 0.58 and an ICC of 0.64 for both the MMHA and TCA, respectively. The intraobserver reliability was excellent with an ICC of 0.96 and 0.97 for the MMHA and the TCA, respectively. Conclusion: Two newly defined radiographic parameters (MMHA and TCA) are valid and can be assessed with excellent intraobserver reliability on standard radiographs. The interobserver reliability was moderate and indicates training is required to ensure uniformity in measurement technique. The current method may be used to translate more variations in bone shape prior to implementation in clinical practice. Level of Evidence: Level III, cohort study.