bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing some Cladosporium species in the biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbon for treating oil contamination
Authors: Bakri Marwah 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Aim
Biodegradation is a cost-effective and eco-friendly treatment for oil-contaminated materials using microorganisms. Bacteria and fungi can degrade petroleum by using it as an energy source and this may provide an enormous scope to remediate soils contaminated with petroleum and oil. This study aimed to assess the biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by certain Cladosporium species.

Methods and results
By using traditional and spectroscopic assessment analysis, qualitative screening was carried out using Cladosporium spores isolated from air and cultured on mineral salt medium supplemented with petroleum hydrocarbon as the sole carbon source, followed by quantitative assessment using gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy. Nineteen Cladosporium strains from a total of 212 isolates exhibited remarkable capability to degrade petroleum hydrocarbon, representing four species (C. herbarum, C. macrocarpum, C. sphaerospermum, and C. cladosporioides). The results were expressed in terms of biodegradation percentage and optical density of hydrocarbon using a standard calibration curve. The highest reduction of petroleum hydrocarbon was observed with five Cladosporium strains belonging to two species (C. sphaerospermum and C. cladosporioides).

Conclusion
This study succeeded in isolating several Cladosporium strains (from the air) with a high ability to degrade crude oil that can be used as biological agents to control petroleum pollution in soils and seas. The addition of a surfactant (Tween 80) enhanced the degradation of crude oil reaching a final concentration of 0.4%. Based on these results, the present study could indicate some unique prospects in the field of bioremediation and biodegradation of petroleum-contaminated soil.

Significance and impact of study
This study gives unique prospects in the field of bioremediation and biodegradation of petroleum-contaminated soil.
Exogenous polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) influence permeability, antimicrobial peptide resistance, biofilm formation and membrane phospholipid structure in an A‐layer and non‐A‐layer strain of Aeromonas salmonicida
Authors: Hofer Rachel N. , Lin Allen , House Benjamin C. , Purvis Christopher N. , Harris Bradley J. , Symes Steven J. K. , Giles David K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAeromonas salmonicida is a Gram‐negative bacterium that can infect a wide host range of fish populations, including salmonids and non‐salmonids as well as freshwater and marine life. Some strains of A. salmonicida cause the disease furunculosis, which can cause lethargy, intestinal inflammation, ulcers, haemorrhaging and death. The infection is spread through fish‐to‐fish contact, and the presence of infection can have devastating effects on cultivated fish populations. The purpose of this study was to explore the ability of non‐A‐layer and A‐layer A. salmonicida strains to incorporate polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) into their lipid profile and test the phenotypic effects thereof. Lipids were extracted from PUFA‐exposed cultures and analysed for lipid modification by thin‐layer chromatography and ultraperformance liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry, showing A. salmonicida, regardless of A‐layer, capable of incorporating all seven of the PUFAs studied. Phenotypic effects were determined through the use of assays that tested for biofilm formation, membrane permeability and cyclic peptide susceptibility. Temperature‐dependent effects on biofilm formation were observed, and PUFA exposure showed significant (p < .001) increases in membrane permeability as tested by the uptake of the hydrophobic compounds crystal violet and ethidium bromide. Additionally, some PUFAs elicited modest protection and vulnerability against the membrane‐targeting cyclic peptides polymyxin B (PMB) and colistin. The diverse, strain‐specific responses to exogenous PUFAs may allude to evolved adaptive strategies that enhance survival, persistence and virulence of non‐pathogenic and pathogenic members of bacteria that oscillate between environmental and fish host niches.
Antenatal diet quality and perinatal depression: the Microbiome Understanding in Maternity Study (MUMS) cohort
Authors: Gow Megan L. , Lam Yei W. I. , Jebeile Hiba , Craig Maria E. , Susic Daniella , Henry Amanda 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrevious findings from research investigating the role of antenatal nutrition in preventing postpartum depression (PPD) are inconsistent. Our primary aim was to investigate the association between pregnancy diet quality and PPD. Our secondary aim was to investigate associations between (a) diet quality and depression during pregnancy and (b) depression during pregnancy and PPD.MethodsThis analysis represents data from 73 women participating in the Microbiome Understanding in Maternity Study (MUMS) cohort in Sydney, Australia, which followed women from Trimester 1 of pregnancy to 1‐year postpartum (PP). Participants' diet quality was assessed using the Australian Eating Survey at Trimester 1 and 3 to calculate diet quality, known as the Australian Recommended Food Score (lower diet quality defined as score <39; higher diet quality ≥39). Depression was assessed using the Edinburgh Depression Scale at Trimesters 1, 2, 3 and 6 weeks PP (defined as score ≥11).ResultsDepression scores during pregnancy were significantly associated with depression score 6 weeks PP (Trimester 1: r = 0.66, Trimester 2: r = 0.69, Trimester 3: r = 0.67; all p < 0.001). Diet quality during pregnancy was not significantly correlated with 6‐week PPD score. In unadjusted analysis, diet quality during pregnancy was not associated with pregnancy depression scores. When adjusted for age, parity and Trimester 1 body mass index, Trimester 1 physical activity levels and gestational weight gain, higher Trimester 3 diet quality was associated with reduced Trimester 3 depression only.ConclusionsDepression scores during pregnancy were positively associated with PPD, highlighting the importance of screening for depression during pregnancy and postnatally. Larger longitudinal prospective studies may elucidate the association between diet quality and PPD.
Consumption, Credit, and the Missing Young
Authors: COOPER DANIEL , GORBACHEV OLGA , LUENGO‐PRADO MARÍA JOSÉ 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThere are more young adults today with either no credit history or insufficient credit history to be scored by one of the major credit bureaus than there were before the Great Recession—a reality that is likely an outcome of the Credit Card Accountability Responsibility and Disclosure (CARD) Act of 2009–10. In regressions that include a rich set of controls, we show that measures of young adults missing a credit score in credit bureau data act as a drag on state‐level consumption growth. We demonstrate that this effect is driven by young people's loss of access to credit since the legislation went into effect.
İsmail Hakkı İzmirli (1932), Philosophical Currents in Islam: Ibn Khaldun (732‐808)
Authors: Ardıç Nurullah 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA leading intellectual of the late‐Ottoman and early‐Turkish Republican period, İsmail Hakkı İzmirli taught philosophy, theology, and law in İstanbul, and was a prolific writer, with more than forty‐five published and unpublished books, and many articles. The article reproduced here in translation, which was part of a series of articles on leading Muslim thinkers, is on the life and work of Ibn Khaldun, in which the author both briefly introduces his major books (al‐‘Ibar, al‐Muqaddima, and al‐Ta'rif in particular) and outlines his methodological principles and main arguments in the Muqaddima. İzmirli treats Ibn Khaldun as a philosopher and historian, admiring his philosophical views and methodological perspective as quite original and in many ways trailblazing, though he also criticizes him for unnecessarily “delving into useless issues such as Sufism.” Finally, he frequently compares him with both Muslim and Western intellectuals, e.g. Ibn Rushd, Ibn Miskawayh, al‐Farabi, Ibn Bâjja, Niẓām al‐Mulk, and Edward Gibbon, Marx, Spencer, and Comte, often finding Ibn Khaldun as a pioneer anticipating the ideas of later thinkers. He devotes a separate section to compare him with Machiavelli, emphasizing differences as well as similarities between the two, and likening the latter to a “disciple” of Ibn Khaldun's, claiming that “Machiavelli followed his mentor's path in his The Prince.”
Protein interactions network of goat innate immune signalling pathway proteins and Haemonchus contortus excretory‐secretory proteins
Authors: Wang Wenxuan , Xie Tanghui , Jiang Fan , Jiang Yaoxin , Jin Zhe , Yang Zhe , Kong Mei , Cheng Lei , Fu Liangliang , Du Xiaoyong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHaemonchus contortus (H. contortus) has caused a huge impact on the animal husbandry economy in the world's tropical and subtropical regions. Innate immunity is the first‐line of host defence. The host recognizes pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) through a variety of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and activates downstream signalling pathways to resist pathogens invasion. Therefore, elucidating the immune interaction between host and pathogen is key to understanding how the host resists the pathogen. We identified 1516 protein–protein interactions (PPIs) between goat innate immune signal pathway proteins and H. contortus excretory‐secretory proteins (ESPs) by Recombination‐based “Library vs. Library” yeast two‐hybrid system (RLL‐Y2H) and constructed the PPIs network. Among them, the NLR and IL‐17 signalling pathways have the most protein interactions. And there were more interaction proteins between NOD1 and MUC5AC proteins in the pathways. Combined with the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of susceptible and resistant goats identified in the preliminary work of our laboratory, we selected the intersection genes to construct the PPIs network, and TRAF2 appeared as a key protein of goat innate immune signalling pathway. We initially studied the PPIs between goat and H. contortus ESPs, which provides valuable information for better understanding the immune interaction between the goats and the H. contortus.
Predicting field diseases caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum: A review
Authors: Reich Jonathan , Chatterton Syama 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPredicting diseases caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in field crops remains difficult, and published literature is largely inconsistent in finding significant relationships with environmental and agronomic factors for various life stages of the fungus. A scoping review was performed to synthesize the current quantitative insights into the role of the environment on the life cycle of S. sclerotiorum and the relationships between various life stages of the fungus and final disease expression under field conditions. For most variables, relationships with stages of the life cycle showed a wide range of responses ranging from closely related (high correlations or r2 values) to not related at all. The effects were often moderated by year, location and/or the presence of another variable such as irrigation, soil type, row spacing or cultivar. Studies that based analysis on a more nuanced understanding of pathogen biology rather than looking only at linear relationships tended to find stronger associations between variables. Yield was consistently negatively associated with disease levels, but cultivar, year, location and planting density were all important determinants of yield. Suggestions for improvement to future research in predictive model development of S. sclerotiorum diseases are discussed.
High diversity and clonality are hallmarks of Fusarium circinatum in South Africa
Authors: Fru Felix F. , Wingfield Michael J. , Roux Jolanda , Steenkamp Emma T. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPitch canker on plantation‐grown Pinus species, caused by the fungal pathogen Fusarium circinatum, first appeared in the western and southern Cape regions of South Africa. However, outbreaks have subsequently been reported from the major plantation growing regions of KwaZulu‐Natal and Limpopo in the eastern, summer rainfall regions of the country. It is more than 10 years since the last detailed population genetics studies on F. circinatum in the region were conducted. To shed light on the population biology of F. circinatum in this region of South Africa, we used microsatellite markers and mating‐type assays to study a collection of 296 isolates from different nurseries and plantation sites. Our results showed that populations in the region are highly diverse, but strongly interconnected, with various genotypes shared across nursery and plantation collection sites. In contrast to nursery populations, those associated with pitch canker outbreaks were characterized by the presence of relatively small numbers of dominant genotypes that were generally widespread across the region. Opposite mating‐type individuals occurred in most of the isolate collections, but multilocus linkage disequilibrium analyses pointed towards clonality being the main reproductive mode of F. circinatum in the region. Most of the pathogen's genetic variation could probably have resulted from multiple different introductions into the country and more specifically, into the summer rainfall region. Because the spread and establishment of invasive pathogens are typically driven by aggressive clones, the results of this study provide important considerations for current and future Pinus disease management strategies.
Brain mechanisms of automated conflict avoidance simulator supervision
Authors: Somon Bertille , Campagne Aurélie , Delorme Arnaud , Berberian Bruno 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSupervision of automated systems is an ubiquitous aspect of most of our everyday life activities which is even more necessary in high risk industries (aeronautics, power plants, etc.). Performance monitoring related to our own error making has been widely studied. Here we propose to assess the neurofunctional correlates of system error detection. We used an aviation‐based conflict avoidance simulator with a 40% error‐rate and recorded the electroencephalographic activity of participants while they were supervising it. Neural dynamics related to the supervision of system's correct and erroneous responses were assessed in the time and time‐frequency domains to address the dynamics of the error detection process in this environment. Two levels of perceptual difficulty were introduced to assess their effect on system's error detection‐related evoked activity. Using a robust cluster‐based permutation test, we observed a lower widespread evoked activity in the time domain for errors compared to correct responses detection, as well as a higher theta‐band activity in the time‐frequency domain dissociating the detection of erroneous from that of correct system responses. We also showed a significant effect of difficulty on time‐domain evoked activity, and of the phase of the experiment on spectral activity: a decrease in early theta and alpha at the end of the experiment, as well as interaction effects in theta and alpha frequency bands. These results improve our understanding of the brain dynamics of performance monitoring activity in closer‐to‐real‐life settings and are a promising avenue for the detection of error‐related components in ecological and dynamic tasks.
Within‐ and between‐subject consistency of perceptual segmentation in periodic noise: A combined behavioral tapping and EEG study
Authors: Ringer Hanna , Schröger Erich , Grimm Sabine 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIt is remarkable that human listeners can perceive periodicity in noise, as the isochronous repetition of a particular noise segment is not accompanied by salient physical cues in the acoustic signal. Previous research suggested that listeners rely on short temporally local and idiosyncratic features to perceptually segment periodic noise sequences. The present study sought to test this assumption by disentangling consistency of perceptual segmentation within and between listeners. Presented periodic noise sequences either consisted of seamless repetitions of a 500‐ms segment or of repetitions of a 200‐ms segment that were interleaved with 300‐ms portions of random noise. Both within‐ and between‐subject consistency was stronger for interleaved (compared with seamless) periodic sequences. The increased consistency likely resulted from reduced temporal jitter of potential features used for perceptual segmentation when the recurring segment was shorter and occurred interleaved with random noise. These results support the notion that perceptual segmentation of periodic noise relies on subtle temporally local features. However, the finding that some specific noise sequences were segmented more consistently across listeners than others challenges the assumption that the features are necessarily idiosyncratic. Instead, in some specific noise samples, a preference for certain spectral features is shared between individuals.
Flood risk mapping and analysis using an integrated framework of machine learning models and analytic hierarchy process
Authors: Bui Quynh Duy , Luu Chinh , Mai Sy Hung , Ha Hang Thi , Ta Huong Thu , Pham Binh Thai 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, a new approach of machine learning (ML) models integrated with the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method was proposed to develop a holistic flood risk assessment map. Flood susceptibility maps were created using ML techniques. AHP was utilized to combine flood vulnerability and exposure criteria. We selected Quang Binh province of Vietnam as a case study and collected available data, including 696 flooding locations of historical flooding events in 2007, 2010, 2016, and 2020; and flood influencing factors of elevation, slope, curvature, flow direction, flow accumulation, distance from river, river density, land cover, geology, and rainfall. These data were used to construct training and testing datasets. The susceptibility models were validated and compared using statistical techniques. An integrated flood risk assessment framework was proposed to incorporate flood hazard (flood susceptibility), flood exposure (distance from river, land use, population density, and rainfall), and flood vulnerability (poverty rate, number of freshwater stations, road density, number of schools, and healthcare facilities). Model validation suggested that deep learning has the best performance of AUC = 0.984 compared with other ensemble models of MultiBoostAB Ensemble (0.958), Random SubSpace Ensemble (0.962), and credal decision tree (AUC = 0.918). The final flood risk map shows 5075 ha (0.63%) in extremely high risk, 47,955 ha (5.95%) in high‐risk, 40,460 ha (5.02%) in medium risk, 431,908 ha (53.55%) in low risk areas, and 281,127 ha (34.86%) in very low risk. The present study highlights that the integration of ML models and AHP is a promising framework for mapping flood risks in flood‐prone areas.
Semi-Parametric Time-to-Event Modelling of Lengths of Hospital Stays
Authors: Li Yang , Liu Hao , Wang Xiaoshen , Tu Wanzhu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLength of stay (LOS) is an essential metric for the quality of hospital care. Published works on LOS analysis have primarily focused on skewed LOS distributions and the influences of patient diagnostic characteristics. Few authors have considered the events that terminate a hospital stay: Both successful discharge and death could end a hospital stay but with completely different implications. Modelling the time to the first occurrence of discharge or death obscures the true nature of LOS. In this research, we propose a structure that simultaneously models the probabilities of discharge and death. The model has a flexible formulation that accounts for both additive and multiplicative effects of factors influencing the occurrence of death and discharge. We present asymptotic properties of the parameter estimates so that valid inference can be performed for the parametric as well as nonparametric model components. Simulation studies confirmed the good finite-sample performance of the proposed method. As the research is motivated by practical issues encountered in LOS analysis, we analysed data from two real clinical studies to showcase the general applicability of the proposed model.
Saving zone of stasis in burn wounds by nanoliposomal Mg‐ATP
Authors: Hayati Farzad , Ghamsari Seyed Mehdi , Dehghan Mohammad Mehdi , Taghipour Hamid 
Published: September 2022

AbstractATP is a crucial molecule for every energy‐dependent process in cells. In ischemic tissues, ATP production declines, and it finally results in cell death. One of the most common strategies in burn wound management is saving the zone of ischemia. In the current study, Mg‐ATP‐containing nanoliposomes were formulated and studied in vitro and in vivo. The particle size of the vesicles was between 50 and 100 nm and the mean zeta potential was −4.05 ± 0.52 mV as evaluated by dynamic light scattering and Zeta sizer instrument, respectively. The encapsulation efficiency of ATP in the nanoliposomes was found to be 9.3%. The morphology and size of nanoliposomes were further studied by transmission electron microscopy. The standard MTT assay revealed no cytotoxicity of the nanoliposomes when tested on the rat fibroblast cells. Forty rats were randomly divided into four groups (N = 10 each). Burn wounds were created by burn comb model on the back of the rats and the zone of stasis in each group was treated every 12 h for 3 days by injecting them with the Mg‐ATP‐nanoliposomes. Control samples included empty nanoliposomes, unencapsulated Mg‐ATP and the Krebs–Henseleit buffer. Laser Doppler flowmetry results revealed that blood perfusion in the zone of ischemia in rats treated with Mg‐ATP‐nanoliposomes was more than in the other groups (p < 0.05). Histopathology revealed saving zone of stasis by Mg‐ATP‐nanoliposomes. Findings obtained in this study demonstrated that the formulated Mg‐ATP‐nanoliposome has the potential to save the stasis zone in burn wounds.
Comparative Study Between Energy Performances of Non-Renewable and Renewable Source Based Grid-Tied HVAC Systems in Subtropical Climates
Authors: Rashid Md Moontasir , Chowdhury Gulam Mahfuz , Sultana Tasnia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper aims to research the energy performance comparison of two types of HVAC systems for subtropical regions. Two HVAC models are simulated using DesignBuilder: (1) non-renewable energy source (non-RES) based HVAC system and (2) renewable energy source (RES) based grid-tied HVAC system. For simplicity of design, a three-story university building with multiple zones was built and the Bangladeshi weather condition was used for the simulation. The boiler and chiller are fueled by electricity and natural gas in a non-RES based HVAC model. Solar PV is installed on the rooftop of the university building as part of the RES based HVAC design, while ground source heat pumps (GSHP) are employed to only supply heating. This study also demonstrates that RES based HVAC models are preferable to non-RES based models because it reduces the need for natural gas, which really is limited in current world and produces greater CO2. Solar PV essentially lessens reliance on grid-fed electricity, which is essentially powered by natural gas. The RES based HVAC model is the most sustainable and appropriate choice for subtropical climate conditions also because of adequate renewable energy resources which apparently have a fixed cost but no variable or (operation and maintenance) O&M cost. Additional research in this work demonstrates that, in the case of RES based design, photovoltaic-fed electricity can partially meet the cooling requirement, which is higher than the heating demand. In essence, the comparison analysis confirms that RES is preferable to non-RES design.