bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trade Competitiveness of Palm Oil Export from ASEAN Countries
Authors: Lakshmi B. Teena , Shivakumar K. M. , Kumar D. Suresh , Mahendran K. , Suresh J. 
Published: September 2022

Aims: To study the competitiveness, import intensity and structural break of palm oil exports from ASEAN member countries to the Indian market for the period 2000 to 2020.
Data and Methodology: The relevant data was collected from UNCOMTRADE for the period of 21 years (2000 to 2020). The tools used for the analysis were Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA), Import Intensity Index (III) and Chow test.
Results: The study revealed that Indonesia had lost its comparative advantage due to differential tariff rates imposed by India between Indonesia and its close competitor Malaysia. After 2011, the import intensity index clarifies that there was a gradual decrease in imports from Indonesia. However, Malaysia and Thailand showed an upward trend in import intensity index till the year 2018. After 2018, Singapore had an upward trend in import intensity. From chow test, there was a significant difference in importing palm oil from ASEAN countries to India before and after signing AIFTA (ASEAN- India Free Trade Agreement).
Conclusion: Considering India’s demand for palm oil which is expected to double by 2030, so sustainable palm oil cultivation is recommended and a balanced approach should be taken to fix the tariff rate to protect domestic producers and refineries without compromising consumer demand.
Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on the Growth, Yield and Quality in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: Kushum Swet , Singh Devi , Deepanshu . 
Published: September 2022

The present investigation was carried out entitled Effect of integrated nutrient managment on the growth, yield and quality in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) at the Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh during the Kharif-2021-22 with a view to determine the effect of integrated nutrient management on growth,yield and quality in tomato variety TMTH-2267 and to work out the economics of various treatments. Under this experiment, overall 10 treatment was laidout in a completely randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. From the present investigation it was concluded that T1 (75% N through Urea +MOP + SSP + 25% through FYM + Boron + Azotobacter +PSB) was found to be best among all treatment in terms of yield and T6 (75% N through Urea+ MOP + SSP + 25% through Vermicompost + B + Zn + Azotobacter +PSB) in growth and quality of tomato i.e. plant spread, plant height, T.S.S. etc. The maximum net return of Rs. And maximum Cost:Benefit (B:C) ratio that is 3.25 was observed for T6. Therefore, use of chemical fertilizers alongwith FYM, Boron, Azotobacter and PSB in crop production can enhance the yield and quality of crop especially in case of tomato.
Performance of Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria L.) Genotypes for Growth, Yield and Quality
Authors: Bhavanasi Satheesh , Bahadur Vijay , Kerketta Anita , Prasad V. M. 
Published: September 2022

An experiment on the “Performance of Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria L.) Genotypes for Growth, Yield and Quality” was conducted during February to May. 2022, in field of Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P.) India. The results of the present investigation, regarding the performance of 10 genotypes of Bottle Gourd i.e. (IET/2021/BOGVAR-1, IET/2021/BOGVAR-2, IET/2021/BOGVAR-3, IET/2021/BOGVAR-4, IET/2021/BOGVAR-5, IET/2021/BOVAR-6, IET/2021/BOGVAR-7, IET/2021/BOGVAR-8, IET/2021/BOGVAR-9 and IET/2021/BOGVAR-10) obtained from different sources evaluated for plant growth, yield and quality have been discussed and interpreted in the light of previous research work. The experiment was conducted in Randomized block design, were each replicated thrice. From the present experimental findings it was founded that the genotype IET/2021/BOGVAR-8 was recorded with the maximum number of female flowers (15.40), vine length (228.33cm), number of fruits/plant (10.80 fruits), yield per hectare (438.7 q/ha), TSS (4.13ºB) gross return (658050), net return (508807), and B:C ratio (4.4).
Low Notch-1 and High Jagged-1 Expressions are Associated with Better Treatment Response and Survival in Adult Egyptian Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Amin Noha Yousef , Esheba Noha Elsayed , Khedr Gamal Elsayed , El-Enein Amany Mohamed Abo , Hamouda Sahar Ahmed 
Published: September 2022

Background: Acute Myeloid Leukemias (AMLs) are neoplastic proliferations arising in hematopoietic precursor cells in the bone marrow resulting in overgrowth of myeloblasts and other cells of myeloid lineage. Notch-1 receptor is a transmembrane protein of type I. Interactions between Notch-1 and its ligands Jagged-1 and Dll-1 result in proteolytic cleavages inside the receptor, followed by the release and nuclear translocation of the intracellular domain (Notch-1-IC). Notch-1 expression was also found in CD34+ bone marrow progenitors and other cells in peripheral blood and bone marrow. Jagged-1 and Delta-like1 (Dll-1) seem to be functionally opposing members of the Notch-1 ligand family; however, their precise methods of action in AML are unknown.
Methods: Using flow cytometry, the expression of the Notch-1 intracellular domain and the surface expression of Jagged-1 and Dll-1 ligands on leukemic blasts from newly diagnosed AML patients was evaluated. In addition, protein expression was associated with clinical data, laboratory data, responsiveness to therapy, Disease-Free (DFS) and Overall Survival (OS).
Results: Notch-1 was positively expressed in 20% of studied patients. Positive Notch-1 expression was associated with shorter OS (6.1 months) and DFS (3.1 months). Higher Notch-1 expression levels were significantly associated with lower remission and higher relapse rates. In contrary, Jagged-1 protein marker weas positively expressed in 56% studied patients, those patients showed shorter OS (6.6 months) and longer DFS (3.6 months) compared to negatively expressed ones. Higher Jagged-1 expression levels were significantly associated with higher remission and lower relapse rates. Positive Dll-1 expression was recorded in 30 % patients, yet with no significant relationship with OS and DFS rates as well as clinical outcome after therapy.
Conclusion: Both Notch-1 receptor and its ligands, Jagged-1 and Dll-1, seem to be implicated in AML pathogenesis, however Jagged-1 has a greater impact on clinical findings than Dll-1. A better prognosis is related with high Jagged-1 surface expression in individuals with AML. Hence, further research is required to acquire a greater knowledge of the modes of action of Notch-1 and its ligands in AML.
Association Between Advanced T Stage and Thick Rectus Abdominis Muscle and Outlet Obstruction and High-Output Stoma After Ileostomy in Patients With Rectal Cancer
Authors: Komatsu Yasuhiro , Shigeyasu Kunitoshi , Takeda Sho , Mori Yoshiko , Takahashi Kazutaka , Hata Nanako , Miyamoto Kokichi , Umeda Hibiki , Kakiuchi Yoshihiko , Kikuchi Satoru , Yano Shuya , Kuroda Shinji , Kondo Yoshitaka , Kishimoto Hiroyuki , Teraishi Fuminori , Nishizaki Masahiko , Kagawa Shunsuke , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi 
Published: September 2022

Objective
This study aimed to identify factors associated with outlet obstruction and high-output stoma (HOS) after ileostomy creation.

Summary of background data
Ileostomy creation is effective in preventing leakage among patients undergoing low anterior resection for rectal cancer. However, major complications such as outlet obstruction and HOS can occur after surgery. Moreover, these complications cannot be prevented.

Methods
This retrospective study included 34 patients with rectal cancer who underwent low anterior resection and ileostomy creation at Okayama University Hospital from January 2015 to December 2018. Then, the risk factors associated with outlet obstruction and HOS were analyzed.

Results
Of 34 patients, 7 (21%) experienced outlet obstruction. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, advanced T stage (P = 0.10), ileostomy with a short horizontal diameter (P = 0.01), and thick rectus abdominis (RA) muscle (P = 0.0005) were considered independent risk factors for outlet obstruction. There was a significant correlation between outlet obstruction and HOS (P = 0.03). Meanwhile, the independent risk factors of HOS were advanced T stage (P = 0.03) and thick RA muscle (P = 0.04).

Conclusions
Thick RA muscle and advanced T stage were the common risk factors of outlet obstruction and HOS. Therefore, in high-risk patients, these complications can be prevented by choosing an appropriate ileostomy location according to RA muscle thickness and by preventing tubing into the ileostomy.
Development and Comparative Performance of Physiologic Monitoring Strategies in the Emergency Department
Authors: Kim David , Jin Boyang Tom 
Published: September 2022

ImportanceAccurate and timely documentation of vital signs affects all aspects of triage, diagnosis, and management. The adequacy of current patient monitoring practices and the potential to improve on them are poorly understood.ObjectiveTo develop measures of fit between documented and actual patient vital signs throughout the visit, as determined from continuous physiologic monitoring, and to compare the performance of actual practice with alternative patient monitoring strategies.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study evaluated 25 751 adult visits to continuously monitored emergency department (ED) beds between August 1, 2020, and December 31, 2021. A series of monitoring strategies for the documentation of vital signs (heart rate [HR], respiratory rate [RR], oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry [Spo2], mean arterial pressure [MAP]) was developed and the strategies’ ability to capture physiologic trends and vital sign abnormalities simulated. Strategies included equal spacing of charting events, charting at variable intervals depending on the last observed values, and discrete optimization of charting events.Main Outcomes and MeasuresCoverage was defined as the proportion of monitor-derived vital sign measurements (at 1-minute resolution) that fall within the bounds of nursing-charted values over the course of an ED visit (HR ± 5 beats/min, RR ± 3 breaths/min, Spo2 ± 2%, and MAP ± 6 mm Hg). Capture was defined as the documentation of a vital sign abnormality detected by bedside monitor (tachycardia [HR &amp;gt;100 beats/min], bradycardia [HR &amp;lt;60 beats/min], hypotension [MAP &amp;lt;65 mm Hg], and hypoxia [Spo2 &amp;lt;95%]).ResultsMedian patient age was 60 years (IQR, 43-75 years), and 13 329 visits (51.8%) were by women. Monitored visits had a median of 4 (IQR, 2-5) vital sign charting events per visit. Compared with actual practice, a simple rule, which observes vital signs more frequently if the last observation fell outside the bounds of the previous values, and using the same number of observations as actual practice, produced relative coverage improvements of 31.5% (95% CI, 30.5%-32.5%) for HR, 31.0% (95% CI, 30.0%-32.0%) for MAP, 16.8% (95% CI, 16.0%-17.6%) for RR, and 7.8% (95% CI, 7.3%-8.3%) for Spo2. The same strategy improved capture of abnormalities by 38.9% (95% CI, 26.8%-52.2%) for tachycardia, 38.1% (95% CI, 29.0%-47.9%) for bradycardia, 39.0% (95% CI, 24.2%-55.7%) for hypotension, and 123.1% (95% CI, 110.7%-136.3%) for hypoxia. Analysis of optimal coverage suggested an additional scope for improvement through more sophisticated strategies.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study, actual documentation of ED vital signs was variable and incomplete, missing important trends and abnormalities. Alternative monitoring strategies may improve on current practice without increasing the overall frequency of patient monitoring.
Genome-by-Trauma Exposure Interactions in Adults With Depression in the UK Biobank
Authors: Chuong Melisa , Adams Mark J. , Kwong Alex S. F. , Haley Chris S. , Amador Carmen , McIntosh Andrew M. 
Published: September 2022

ImportanceSelf-reported trauma exposure has consistently been found to be a risk factor for major depressive disorder (MDD), and several studies have reported interactions with genetic liability. To date, most studies have examined gene-environment interactions with trauma exposure using genome-wide variants (single-nucleotide variations [SNVs]) or polygenic scores, both typically capturing less than 3% of phenotypic risk variance.ObjectiveTo reexamine genome-by-trauma interaction associations using genetic measures using all available genotyped data and thus, maximizing accounted variance.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThe UK Biobank study was conducted from April 2007 to May 1, 2016 (follow-up mental health questionnaire). The current study used available cross-sectional genomic and trauma exposure data from UK Biobank. Participants who completed the mental health questionnaire and had available genetic, trauma experience, depressive symptoms, and/or neuroticism information were included. Data were analyzed from April 1 to August 30, 2021.ExposuresTrauma and genome-by-trauma exposure interactions.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMeasures of self-reported depression, neuroticism, and trauma exposure with whole-genome SNV data are available from the UK Biobank study. Here, a mixed-model statistical approach using genetic, trauma exposure, and genome-by-trauma exposure interaction similarity matrices was used to explore sources of variation in depression and neuroticism.ResultsAnalyses were conducted on 148 129 participants (mean [SD] age, 56 [7] years) of which 76 995 were female (52.0%). The study approach estimated the heritability (SE) of MDD to be approximately 0.160 (0.016). Subtypes of self-reported trauma exposure (catastrophic, adult, childhood, and full trauma) accounted for a significant proportion of the variance of MDD, with heritability (SE) ranging from 0.056 (0.013) to 0.176 (0.025). The proportion of MDD risk variance accounted for by significant genome-by-trauma interaction revealed estimates (SD) ranging from 0.074 (0.006) to 0.201 (0.009). Results from sex-specific analyses found genome-by-trauma interaction variance estimates approximately 5-fold greater for MDD in male participants (0.441 [0.018]) than in female participants (0.086 [0.009]).Conclusions and RelevanceThis cross-sectional study used an approach combining all genome-wide SNV data when exploring genome-by-trauma interactions in individuals with MDD; findings suggest that such interactions were associated with depression manifestation. Genome-by-trauma interaction accounts for greater trait variance in male individuals, which points to potential differences in depression etiology between the sexes. The methodology used in this study can be extrapolated to other environmental factors to identify modifiable risk environments and at-risk groups to target with interventions.
Association Between Folic Acid Prescription Fills and Suicide Attempts and Intentional Self-harm Among Privately Insured US Adults
Authors: Gibbons Robert D. , Hur Kwan , Lavigne Jill E. , Mann J. John 
Published: September 2022

ImportanceSuicide is a leading cause of death in the United States, having increased more than 30% from 2000 to 2018. An inexpensive, safe, widely available treatment for preventing suicidal behavior could reverse this trend.ObjectiveTo confirm a previous signal for decreased risk of suicide attempt following prescription fills for folic acid in a national pharmacoepidemiologic study of patients treated with folic acid.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA within-person exposure-only cohort design was used to study the dynamic association between folic acid (vitamin B9) prescription fills over a 24-month period and suicide attempts and intentional self-harm. Data were collected from a pharmacoepidemiologic database of US medical claims (MarketScan) for patients with private health insurance who filled a folic acid prescription between 2012 and 2017. The same analysis was repeated with a control supplement (cyanocobalamin, vitamin B12). Data were analyzed from August 2021 to June 2022.ExposureFolic acid prescription fills.Main Outcome and MeasureSuicide attempt or intentional self-harm resulting in an outpatient visit or inpatient admission as identified by codes from the International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Ninth and Tenth Revisions, Clinical Modification.ResultsData on 866 586 patients were collected; 704 514 (81.30%) were female, and 90 296 (10.42%) were 60 years and older. Overall, there were 261 suicidal events during months covered by a folic acid prescription (5 521 597 person-months) for a rate of 4.73 per 100 000 person-months, compared with 895 suicidal events during months without folic acid (8 432 340) for a rate of 10.61 per 100 000 person-months. Adjusting for age and sex, diagnoses related to suicidal behavior, diagnoses related to folic acid deficiency, folate-reducing medications, history of folate-reducing medications, and history of suicidal events, the hazard ratio (HR) for folic acid for suicide events was 0.56 (95% CI, 0.48-0.65), with similar results for the modal dosage of 1 mg of folic acid per day (HR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.48-0.69) and women of childbearing age (HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.50-0.73). A duration-response analysis (1-mg dosage) revealed a 5% decrease in suicidal events per month of additional treatment (HR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.93-0.97). The same analysis for the negative control, cyanocobalamin, found no association with suicide attempt (HR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.80-1.27).Conclusions and RelevanceThis large-scale pharmacoepidemiologic study of folic acid found a beneficial association in terms of lower rates of suicide attempts. The results warrant the conduct of a randomized clinical trial with suicidal ideation and behavior as outcomes of interest. If confirmed, folic acid may be a safe, inexpensive, and widely available treatment for suicidal ideation and behavior.
Evaluation of Early Ketamine Effects on Belief-Updating Biases in Patients With Treatment-Resistant Depression
Authors: Bottemanne Hugo , Morlaas Orphee , Claret Anne , Sharot Tali , Fossati Philippe , Schmidt Liane 
Published: September 2022

ImportanceClinical research has shown that persistent negative beliefs maintain depression and that subanesthetic ketamine infusions induce rapid antidepressant responses.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether ketamine alters belief updating and how such cognitive effects are associated with the clinical effects of ketamine.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis study used an observational case-control protocol with a mixed-effects design that nested 2 groups by 2 testing time points. Observers were not blinded. Patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and healthy volunteer participants aged 34 to 68 years were included. Patients with TRD were diagnosed with major depressive disorder or bipolar depression, had a Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale score greater than 20, a Maudsley Staging Method score greater than 7, and failed to respond to at least 2 prior antidepressant trials. Exclusion criteria were any other psychiatric, neurological, or neurosurgical comorbidities, substance use or addictive disorders, and recreational ketamine consumption. Data were collected from January to February 2019 and from May to December 2019, and data were analyzed from January 2020 to July 2021.ExposuresPatients with TRD were observed 24 hours before single ketamine infusion, 4 hours after the infusion, and 4 hours after the third infusion, which was 1 week after the first infusion. Healthy control participants were observed twice 1 week apart without ketamine exposure.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMontgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale score and belief updating after belief updating when patients received good news and bad news measured by a cognitive belief-updating task and mathematically formalized by a computational reinforcement learning model.ResultsOf 56 included participants, 29 (52%) were male, and the mean (SEM) age was 52.3 (1.2) years. A total of 26 patients with TRD and 30 control participants were included. A significant group × testing time point × news valence interaction showed that patients with TRD updated their beliefs more after good than bad news following a single ketamine infusion (controlled for age and education: β = −0.91; 95% CI, −1.58 to −0.24; t216 = −2.67; P = .008) than controls. Computational modeling showed that this effect was associated with asymmetrical learning rates (LRs) after ketamine treatment (good news LRs after ketamine, 0.51 [SEM, 0.04]; bad news LRs after ketamine 0.36 [SEM, 0.03], t25 = 3.8; P &amp;lt; .001) and partially mediated early antidepressant responses (path a*b: β = −1.00 [SEM, 0.66]; t26 = −1.53; z = −1.98; P = .04).Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings provide novel insights into the cognitive mechanisms of the action of ketamine in patients with TRD, with promising perspectives for augmented psychotherapy for individuals with mood disorders.
Early vs Late Surgical Decompression for Central Cord Syndrome
Authors: Badhiwala Jetan H. , Wilson Jefferson R. , Harrop James S. , Vaccaro Alexander R. , Aarabi Bizhan , Geisler Fred H. , Fehlings Michael G. 
Published: September 2022

ImportanceThe optimal clinical management of central cord syndrome (CCS) remains unclear; yet this is becoming an increasingly relevant public health problem in the face of an aging population.ObjectiveTo provide a head-to-head comparison of the neurologic and functional outcomes of early (&amp;lt;24 hours) vs late (≥24 hours) surgical decompression for CCS.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsPatients who underwent surgery for CCS (lower extremity motor score [LEMS] − upper extremity motor score [UEMS] ≥ 5) were included in this propensity score–matched cohort study. Data were collected from December 1991 to March 2017, and the analysis was performed from March 2020 to January 2021. This study identified patients with CCS from 3 international multicenter studies with data on the timing of surgical decompression in spinal cord injury. Participants were included if they had a documented baseline neurologic examination performed within 14 days of injury. Participants were eligible if they underwent surgical decompression for CCS.ExposuresEarly surgery was compared with late surgery.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPropensity scores were calculated as the probability of undergoing early compared with late surgery using the logit method and adjusting for relevant confounders. Propensity score matching was performed in a 1:1 ratio by an optimal-matching technique. The primary end point was motor recovery (UEMS, LEMS, American Spinal Injury Association [ASIA] motor score [AMS]) at 1 year. Secondary end points were Functional Independence Measure (FIM) motor score and complete independence in each FIM motor domain at 1 year.ResultsThe final study cohort consisted of 186 patients with CCS. The early-surgery group included 93 patients (mean [SD] age, 47.8 [16.8] years; 66 male [71.0%]), and the late-surgery group included 93 patients (mean [SD] age, 48.0 [15.5] years; 75 male [80.6%]). Early surgical decompression resulted in significantly improved recovery in upper limb (mean difference [MD], 2.3; 95% CI, 0-4.5; P = .047), but not lower limb (MD, 1.1; 95% CI, −0.8 to 3.0; P = .30), motor function. In an a priori–planned subgroup analysis, outcomes were comparable with early or late decompressive surgery in patients with ASIA Impairment Scale (AIS) grade D injury. However, in patients with AIS grade C injury, early surgery resulted in significantly greater recovery in overall motor score (MD, 9.5; 95% CI, 0.5-18.4; P = .04), owing to gains in both upper and lower limb motor function.Conclusions and RelevanceThis cohort study found early surgical decompression to be associated with improved recovery in upper limb motor function at 1 year in patients with CCS. Treatment paradigms for CCS should be redefined to encompass early surgical decompression as a neuroprotective therapy.