bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of BT595 (10% human intravenous immunoglobulin) in adult patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Demeter Judit , Hamed Aryan , László Szerafin , Suvajdzic Nada , Aigner Silke , Börner Birgit , Staiger Christiane 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeThis trial investigated the efficacy and safety of the new 10% human intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) BT595 (Yimmugo®).MethodsAdult patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) received a total dose of 2 g/kg body weight (bw) IVIg either over 2 or 5 days.ResultsResponse as defined by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) was achieved in 18 of 34 patients (52.9%) in the full analysis set (FAS), with a complete response in 11 patients (32.4%). The median time to response was 1.0 days (range 1–4); the median duration was 28.0 days. In a subgroup with a baseline platelet count <20*109/L evaluated according to FDA criteria, a platelet response ≥50*109/L was achieved in 18 of 19 patients at day 8. No fatal case occured. One serious treatment‐emergent adverse event (TEAE) (anaemia, not related) was reported (2.9%). The most frequent infusional adverse drug reaction (ADR) was headache, which was reported for 14.7% of all patients. All other infusional ADRs (pyrexia, [intravascular] haemolysis, skin reaction, tinnitus, and Coombs test positive) occurred in only one patient (2.9%). Premedication was administered only once. The 5‐day schedule showed less side effects with similar efficacy.ConclusionThe benefit‐risk profile of BT595 is favourable.Trial Registration NumberEudra CT Number 2015‐003653‐17, ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02859909.
The repeatability, reproducibility, and influencing factors of intrarenal Doppler ultrasonography in dogs without heart disease
Authors: Terukina Hiroki , Morita Tomoya , Yamasaki Masahiro 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRenal impairment is concurrent with adverse outcomes such as heart disease in humans and dogs. Intrarenal Doppler ultrasonography (IRD) is used to assess intrarenal hemodynamics, and resistance index (RI) and venous impedance index (VII) are used to evaluate intrarenal hemodynamics in humans with heart failure. However, only a few studies have assessed the efficacy of IRD, especially VII, in dogs, and the methods differ between studies. Additionally, repeatability, reproducibility, and factors influencing IRD values have not been validated in dogs. This prospective, analytical study aimed to assess repeatability and reproducibility of IRD, and to clarify influencing factors of IRD in dogs without heart disease. We enrolled 78 dogs without heart disease. The RI and VII were highly reproducible, and the reference intervals for VII were 0.13–0.37. Differences in transducer (sector and convex) and posture (right lateral and supine decubitus position) had no effect on the IRD values. In contrast, RI and VII were higher in the renal vessels than in interlobar vessels. Age affected RI values (r = 0.39, P < 0.001), but there was no correlation between age, body weight, and VII. In conclusion, IRD is a repeatable and reproducible method to assess intrarenal hemodynamics in dogs. The findings also suggest that age should be considered while interpreting RI.
Mechanical Couplings of 3D Lattice Materials Discovered by Micropolar Elasticity and Geometric Symmetry
Authors: Cui Zhiming , Yuan Zhihao , Ju Jaehyung 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Similar to Poisson’s effect, mechanical coupling is a directional indirect response by a directional input loading. With the advance in manufacturing techniques of 3D complex geometry, architected materials with unit cells of finite volume rather than a point yield more degrees-of-freedom and foster exotic mechanical couplings such as axial–shear, axial–rotation, axial–bending, and axial–twisting. However, most structural materials have been built by the ad hoc design of mechanical couplings without theoretical support of elasticity, which does not provide general guidelines for mechanical couplings. Moreover, no comprehensive study of all the mechanical couplings of 3D lattices with symmetry operations has been undertaken. Therefore, we construct the decoupled micropolar elasticity tensor of 3D lattices to identify individual mechanical couplings correlated with the point groups. The decoupled micropolar elasticity tensors, classified with 32 point groups, provide 15 mechanical couplings for 3D lattices. Our findings help provide solid theoretical guidelines for the mechanical couplings of 3D structural materials with potential applications in various areas, including active metamaterials, sensors, actuators, elastic waveguides, and acoustics.
Growth and growth trajectory among infants in early life: contributions of food insecurity and water insecurity in rural Zimbabwe
Authors: Koyratty Nadia , Ntozini Robert , Mbuya Mduduzi NN , Jones Andrew D , Schuster Roseanne C , Kordas Katarzyna , Li Chin-Shang , Tavengwa Naume V , Majo Florence D , Humphrey Jean , Smith Laura E 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionStunting or linear growth faltering, measured by length-for-age Z-score (LAZ), remains a significant public health challenge, particularly in rural low-income and middle-income countries. It is a marker of inadequate environments in which infants are born and raised. However, the contributions of household resource insecurities, such as food and water, to growth and growth trajectory are understudied.MethodsWe used the cluster-randomised Sanitation Hygiene and Infant Nutrition Efficacy trial to determine the association of household-level food insecurity (FI) and water insecurity (WI) on LAZ and LAZ trajectory among infants during early life. Dimensions of FI (poor access, household shocks, low availability and quality) and WI (poor access, poor quality, low reliability) were assessed with the multidimensional household food insecurity and the multidimensional household water insecurity measures. Infant length was converted to LAZ based on the 2006 WHO Child Growth Standards. We report the FI and WI fixed effects from multivariable growth curve models with repeated measures of LAZ at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 18 months (M1–M18).ResultsA total of 714 and 710 infants were included in our analyses of LAZ from M1 to M18 and M6 to M18, respectively. Mean LAZ values at each time indicated worsening linear growth. From M1 to M18, low food availability and quality was associated with lower LAZ (β=−0.09; 95% −0.19 to –0.13). From M6 to M18, poor food access was associated with lower LAZ (β=−0.11; 95% −0.20 to –0.03). None of the WI dimensions were associated with LAZ, nor with LAZ trajectory over time.ConclusionFI, but not WI, was associated with poor linear growth among rural Zimbabwean infants. Specifically, low food availability and quality and poor food access was associated with lower LAZ. There is no evidence of an effect of FI or WI on LAZ trajectory.
Predatory conferences: a systematic scoping review
Authors: Godskesen Tove , Eriksson Stefan , Oermann Marilyn H , Gabrielsson Sebastian 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveTo systematically map the scholarly literature on predatory conferences and describe the present state of research and the prevalent attitudes about these conferences.MethodsThis scoping review follows Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Four databases were searched (PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus and ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection). In addition, the included studies’ reference lists were scanned for additional papers not found in the searches. Peer-reviewed publications were included irrespective of study design. Letters and commentary were included if they were peer reviewed. Editorials and literature reviews were excluded.ResultsFrom 809 initial publications, 20 papers were included in the review, from 12 countries and covered a wide range of science disciplines, from nursing/medicine to energy/technology and computer science. More than half were empirical and published after 2017. In most papers, a definition of the term predatory conferences was put forward. Spam email invitations with flattering language were the most common characteristics, and the conferences were often hosted by unknown organisations that used copied pictures without permission. High fees, lack of peer review, and a multidisciplinary scope were signal features. All papers explicitly or implicitly suggested possible reasons for participating in predatory conferences. Some reasons were related to the overall context of academic work, the nature of predatory conferences (eg, researchers falling prey to misleading information about a conference or choosing a conference based on an attractive location) and the personal characteristics of researchers. Only one paper reported empirically identified reasons for participating in predatory conferences. The three countermeasures proposed most frequently to deal with predatory conferences were increasing education, emphasising responsibilities of universities and funders, and publishing lists of predatory publishers associated with conferences.ConclusionsThis review identified a scarcity of research concerning predatory conferences. Future empirical as well as fully analytical research should be encouraged by funders, journals and research institutions.
Perioperative mortality in Colombia: perspectives of the fourth indicator inThe LancetCommission on Global Surgery – Colombian Surgical Outcomes Study (ColSOS) – a protocol for a multicentre prospective cohort study
Authors: Pérez-Rivera Carlos J , Lozano-Suárez Nicolás , Velandia-Sánchez Alejandro , Polanía-Sandoval Camilo A , García-Méndez Juan P , Idarraga-Ayala Sharon V , Corso-Ramírez Julián M , Conde-Monroy Danny , Cruz-Reyes Danna L , Durán-Torres Carlos F , Barrera-Carvajal Juan G , Rojas-Serrano Luisa Fernanda , Garcia-Zambrano Laura Alejandra , Agudelo-Mendoza Silvia Valentina , Briceno-Ayala Leonardo , Cabrera-Rivera Paulo A 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionDeath following surgical procedures is a global health problem, accounting for 4.2 million deaths annually within the first 30 postoperative days. The fourth indicator ofThe LancetCommission on Global Surgery is essential as it seeks to standardise postoperative mortality. Consequently, it helps identify the strengths and weaknesses of each country’s healthcare system. Accurate information on this indicator is not available in Colombia, limiting the possibility of interventions applied to our population. We aim to describe the in-hospital perioperative mortality of the surgical procedures performed in Colombia. The data obtained will help formulate public policies, improving the quality of the surgical departments.Methods and analysisAn observational, analytical, multicentre prospective cohort study will be conducted throughout Colombia. Patients over 18 years of age who have undergone a surgical procedure, excluding radiological/endoscopic procedures, will be included. A sample size of 1353 patients has been projected to achieve significance in our primary objective; however, convenience sampling will be used, as we aim to include all possible patients. Data collection will be carried out prospectively for 1 week. Follow-up will continue until hospital discharge, death or a maximum of 30 inpatient days. The primary outcome is perioperative mortality. A descriptive analysis of the data will be performed, along with a case mix analysis of mortality by procedure-related, patient-related and hospital-related conditionsEthics and disseminationThe Fundación Cardioinfantil-Instituto de Cardiología Ethics Committee approved this study (No. 41–2021). The results are planned to be disseminated in three scenarios: the submission of an article for publication in a high-impact scientific journal and presentations at the Colombian Surgical Forum and the Congress of the American College of Surgeons.Trial registration numberNCT05147623.
Effect of social media interventions on the education and communication among patients with cancer: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Banaye Yazdipour Alireza , Niakan Kalhori Sharareh R , Bostan Hassan , Masoorian Hoorie , Ataee Elham , Sajjadi Hasan 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionCancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. In addition, it accounted for approximately 10 million deaths in 2020 alone. Information and communication technologies have great potential for improving health education and communication. Social media is one of the technologies that can help patients with cancer and healthcare providers communicate and provide educational information. Social media are increasingly being used for health promotion and behaviour change. This is a protocol of systematic review to identify the effect of social media interventions on the education and communication among patients affected by cancer. This study aims to reveal the steps of conducting research that systematically reviews all studies for the specific objective. This study aims to examine the social media interventions to improve awareness and knowledge about the disease for patients with cancer and improve communication among them.Methods and analysisThis protocol is reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols checklist. We will include experimental design studies that report the effect of social media interventions on education and communication among patients with cancer or malignancy and any stage of the disease. Interventions will be inclusive, using all social network platforms for patients' communication and education. We will search PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and the Cochrane Library from inception until 23 May 2022. Two independent reviewers will screen titles, abstracts and full-text articles with conflicts resolved through discussion or by a third reviewer, as needed. All titles, abstracts and full-text papers will be reviewed independently by two reviewers according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Discrepancies will resolve by discussion or SRNK if needed. The two reviewers will also independently complete risk of bias assessments for each included study. The descriptive analysis, including frequency and percentage parameters, will be calculated based on the study’s variables. Furthermore, we will report the results of the quality assessment of studies in table format. In the result section, a narrative synthesis will be applied to describe and compare the paper’s results.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval will not be needed because the data to be used in this systematic review and meta-analysis will be extracted from published studies. It will be disseminated by publication in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022334691.
Clinical predictors of fracture in patients with shoulder dislocation: systematic review of diagnostic test accuracy studies
Authors: Oldrini Ilaria , Coventry Laura , Novak Alex , Gwilym Steve , Metcalfe David 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundPrereduction radiographs are conventionally used to exclude fracture before attempts to reduce a dislocated shoulder in the ED. However, this step increases cost, exposes patients to ionising radiation and may delay closed reduction. Some studies have suggested that prereduction imaging may be omitted for a subgroup of patients with shoulder dislocations.ObjectivesTo determine whether clinical predictors can identify patients who may safely undergo closed reduction of a dislocated shoulder without prereduction radiographs.MethodsA systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies that have evaluated the ability of clinical features to identify concomitant fractures in patients with shoulder dislocation. The search was updated to 23 June 2022 and language limits were not applied. All fractures were included except for Hill-Sachs lesions. Quality assessment was undertaken using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 tool. Data were pooled and meta-analysed by fitting univariate random effects and multilevel mixed effects logistic regression models.ResultsEight studies reported data on 2087 shoulder dislocations and 343 concomitant fractures. The most important potential sources of bias were unclear blinding of those undertaking the clinical (6/8 studies) and radiographic (3/8 studies) assessment. The prevalence of concomitant fracture was 17.5%. The most accurate clinical predictors were age >40 (positive likelihood ratio (LR+) 1.8, 95% CI 1.5 to 2.1; negative likelihood ratio (LR−) 0.4, 95% CI 0.2 to 0.6), female sex (LR+ 2.0, 95% CI 1.6 to 2.4; LR− 0.7, 95% CI 0.6 to 0.8), first-time dislocation (LR+ 1.7, 95% CI 1.4 to 2.0; LR− 0.2, 95% CI 0.1 to 0.5) and presence of humeral ecchymosis (LR+ 3.0–5.7, LR− 0.8–1.1). The most important mechanisms of injury were high-energy mechanism fall (LR+ 2.0–9.8, LR− 0.4–0.8), fall >1 flight of stairs (LR+ 3.8, 95% CI 0.6 to 13.1; LR− 1.0, 95% CI 0.9 to 1.0) and motor vehicle collision (LR+ 2.3, 95% CI 0.5 to 4.0; LR− 0.9, 95% CI 0.9 to 1.0). The Quebec Rule had a sensitivity of 92.2% (95% CI 54.6% to 99.2%) and a specificity of 33.3% (95% CI 23.1% to 45.3%), but the Fresno-Quebec rule identified all clinically important fractures across two studies: sensitivity of 100% (95% CI 89% to 100%) in the derivation dataset and 100% (95% CI 90% to 100%) in the validation study. The specificity of the Fresno-Quebec rule ranged from 34% (95% CI 28% to 41%) in the derivation dataset to 24% (95% CI 16% to 33%) in the validation study.ConclusionClinical prediction rules may have a role in supporting shared decision making after shoulder dislocation, particularly in the prehospital and remote environments when delay to imaging is anticipated.
Artificial intelligence and health inequities in primary care: a systematic scoping review and framework
Authors: d'Elia Alexander , Gabbay Mark , Rodgers Sarah , Kierans Ciara , Jones Elisa , Durrani Irum , Thomas Adele , Frith Lucy 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveArtificial intelligence (AI) will have a significant impact on healthcare over the coming decade. At the same time, health inequity remains one of the biggest challenges. Primary care is both a driver and a mitigator of health inequities and with AI gaining traction in primary care, there is a need for a holistic understanding of how AI affect health inequities, through the act of providing care and through potential system effects. This paper presents a systematic scoping review of the ways AI implementation in primary care may impact health inequity.DesignFollowing a systematic scoping review approach, we searched for literature related to AI, health inequity, and implementation challenges of AI in primary care. In addition, articles from primary exploratory searches were added, and through reference screening.The results were thematically summarised and used to produce both a narrative and conceptual model for the mechanisms by which social determinants of health and AI in primary care could interact to either improve or worsen health inequities.Two public advisors were involved in the review process.Eligibility criteriaPeer-reviewed publications and grey literature in English and Scandinavian languages.Information sourcesPubMed, SCOPUS and JSTOR.ResultsA total of 1529 publications were identified, of which 86 met the inclusion criteria. The findings were summarised under six different domains, covering both positive and negative effects: (1) access, (2) trust, (3) dehumanisation, (4) agency for self-care, (5) algorithmic bias and (6) external effects. The five first domains cover aspects of the interface between the patient and the primary care system, while the last domain covers care system-wide and societal effects of AI in primary care. A graphical model has been produced to illustrate this. Community involvement throughout the whole process of designing and implementing of AI in primary care was a common suggestion to mitigate the potential negative effects of AI.ConclusionAI has the potential to affect health inequities through a multitude of ways, both directly in the patient consultation and through transformative system effects. This review summarises these effects from a system tive and provides a base for future research into responsible implementation.
Ligufalimab, a novel anti-CD47 antibody with no hemagglutination demonstrates both monotherapy and combo antitumor activity
Authors: Qu Tailong , Zhong Tingting , Pang Xinghua , Huang Zhaoliang , Jin Chunshan , Wang Zhongmin Maxwell , Li Baiyong , Xia Yu 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundCD47 is a widely expressed transmembrane glycoprotein that delivers an antiphagocytic signal on macrophages through its interaction with SIRPα. CD47 is highly expressed in cancer cells and its overexpression is correlated with poor prognosis. CD47 blocking antibodies are actively being developed worldwide for cancer therapy, and the most challenging concern is associated with hematotoxicity. Ligufalimab (AK117) is a novel humanized IgG4 anti-CD47 antibody without hemagglutination effect. Blockade of CD47-SIRPα pathway by AK117 leads to a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment with unique safety features.MethodsAK117 was discovered through a screening hierarchy excluding hemagglutination. AK117 was characterized by detecting CD47-SIRPα blocking potential. Its effect on human red blood cells was examined and the mechanism of its binding with erythrocytes was studied. The abilities of AK117 and its combination with various opsonizing antibodies to promote macrophage-dependent phagocytosis of multiple human tumor cells were determined using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. In vivo, the antitumor efficacy of AK117 monotherapy and combination with AK112 (an anti-PD-1/VEGF-A bispecific antibody) was assessed in a variety of xenograft models. Toxicologic studies were evaluated in non-human primates.ResultsAK117 bound to CD47 with high affinity and blocked the CD47-SIRPα interaction. AK117 did not induce hemagglutination and showed significantly lower degree of erythrophagocytosis compared with Hu5F9-G4, and this mechanism of hemagglutination resistance might be related to the binding conformation. AK117 enhanced macrophage-mediated phagocytosis in both hematologic cancer and solid tumor cell lines as a single agent or in combination with cetuximab and rituximab in vitro, respectively. The antitumor effects of AK117 as a single agent or in combination with AK112 were also encouraging in various xenograft models. In non-human primates, AK117 showed less hematotoxicity compared with Hu5F9-G4.ConclusionsAK117 eliminated hemagglutination and also enabled to maintain full effectiveness of CD47 blockade on tumor cells, which resulted in excellent antitumor efficacy and favorable safety profile of AK117. A series of clinical trials of AK117 as a therapeutic agent in combination with various agents such as AK112 are in progress for the treatment of multiple hematologic malignancies and solid tumors.