bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stability condition on Calabi–Yau threefold of complete intersection of quadratic and quartic hypersurfaces
Authors: Liu Shengxuan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we prove a Clifford type inequality for the curve

$X_{2,2,2,4}$

, which is the intersection of a quartic and three general quadratics in

$\mathbb {P}^5$

. We thus prove a stronger Bogomolov–Gieseker inequality for characters of stable vector bundles and stable objects on Calabi–Yau complete intersection

$X_{2,4}$

. Applying the scheme proposed by Bayer, Bertram, Macrì, Stellari and Toda, we can construct an open subset of Bridgeland stability conditions on

$X_{2,4}$

.
The Divisible College: A Day in the Lives of Public International Law
Authors: Beckett Jason 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis is an article about two things. First, the bifurcation of public international law (PIL) into two distinct forms: The material and the narrative. And second, the methodological fragmentation of international lawyers into discrete communities. After setting the substantive fragmentation of PIL as the context of analysis, I deploy Susan Marks’ concept of “false contingency” to distinguish material and narrative PIL. I briefly examine each, and their interactions, before turning to a specific manifestation of material PIL that I call the Global Legal Order (GLO).I then sketch the radical indeterminacy of narrative PIL, its manifestations in the ontological indeterminacy of the commonly accepted sources of PIL, and its source in PIL’s lack of authority and institutionalization. This contrasts with the determinacy and authority of the GLO. Next, I turn to the “fragmentation” of international lawyers into distinct “communities of practice.” In fact, this process turns out to be one of agglomeration, international lawyers are constructed within communities of practice, which glom together to create the appearance of PIL.Finally, I turn to how these communities function by pitting “performances of legality” in “vicarious litigation,” using the Chagos Islands case as an illustration. This is contrasted with the functioning of the operative legal system that is the GLO. I examine the constituent institutions of this system, and how they operate together to produce direct and indirect governance in under-developed states. In practice, this policy imposition immiserates states and antagonizes local populations. It necessitates oppressive governance which entails what narrative PIL determines to be “human rights abuses.”
Functional constipation and the effect of prebiotics on the gut microbiota: a review
Authors: Erhardt Rene , Harnett Joanna E , Steels Elizabeth , Steadman Kathryn J 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFunctional constipation is a significant health issue impacting the lives of an estimated 14 % of the global population. Non-pharmaceutical treatment advice for cases with no underlying medical conditions focuses on exercise, hydration and an increase in dietary fibre intake. An alteration in the composition of the gut microbiota is thought to play a role in constipation. Prebiotics are non-digestible food ingredients that selectively stimulate the growth of a limited number of bacteria in the colon with a benefit for host health. Various types of dietary fibre, though not all, can act as a prebiotic. Short-chain fatty acids produced by these microbes play a critical role as signalling molecules in a range of metabolic and physiological processes including laxation, although details are unclear. Prebiotics have a history of safe use in the food industry spanning several decades and are increasingly used as supplements to alleviate constipation. Most scientific research on the effects of prebiotics and gut microbiota has focussed on inflammatory bowel disease rather than functional constipation. Very few clinical studies evaluated the efficacy of prebiotics in the management of constipation and their effect on the microbiota, with highly variable designs and conflicting results. Despite this, broad health claims are made by manufacturers of prebiotic supplements. This narrative review provides an overview of the literature on the interaction of prebiotics with the gut microbiota and their potential clinical role in the alleviation of functional constipation.
Factors Associated with Outdoor Winter Walking in Older Adults: A Scoping Review
Authors: Bergen Kyle , Jubenvill Megan , Shaw Kyle , Steen Erin , Loewen Hal , Mbabaali Sophia , Barclay Ruth 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identify internal and external factors associated with outdoor winter walking in older adults. In this scoping review, 12 databases were searched. Inclusion criteria included English language, focus on adults 65 years of age or older, and evaluation of factors associated with outdoor winter walking. Two authors screened titles/abstracts and full text. Conflicts were resolved by consensus. Data were extracted, organized into tables, and summarized as pertaining to barriers/facilitators and internal/external factors associated with outdoor winter walking. A total of 6,843 articles were identified, 1,898 duplicates were removed, 4,789 were excluded during title/abstract screening, and 148 were excluded during full-text review. Eight studies were included. Four categories of factors affecting outdoor winter walking in older adults were identified: adverse weather conditions, physical environment, physical function, and perceptions relating to winter walking conditions. Rehabilitation and exercise professionals can use the results to educate their clients and implement the facilitators of and alternatives and solutions to barriers to outdoor winter walking.
How might enhanced interprofessional collaboration between primary care physicians and registered dietitian nutritionists impact clinical outcomes related to obesity and associated illnesses? A commentary
Authors: Qubty Leah , Hicks-Roof Kristen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe unsettling worldwide prevalence of obesity and obesity-related illnesses seems to be well-understood. What seems to be lacking, however, is a strategy of how best to fix the issue. Meagre nutrition content in medical school curricula may contribute to limited primary care physician (PCP) knowledge of the role nutrition has in health ailments and the understanding of a registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN) scope of practice. In USA, RDN are health care practitioners specialised in nutrition and who are experts in treating obesity and obesity-related illnesses. An increased RDN involvement in patient care has been shown to promote improvements in nutrition-related clinical outcomes. Therefore, enhanced collaboration between PCP and RDN has the potential to ameliorate the obesity epidemic. Tactics to promote collaboration may include enhancing nutrition education in medical school and providing nutrition-focussed continuing education for practicing physicians. The seriousness of the obesity epidemic underscores the need for interprofessional collaboration between PCP and allied health professionals who are uniquely trained to address obesity and obesity-related illnesses.
Transient regulation of RNA methylation in human hematopoietic stem cells promotes their homing and engraftment
Authors: Wang Xuepeng , Cooper Scott , Broxmeyer Hal E. , Kapur Reuben 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEnhancing the efficiency of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) homing and engraftment is critical for cord blood (CB) hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Recent studies indicate that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modulates the expression of mRNAs that are critical for stem cell function by influencing their stability. Here, we demonstrate that inhibition of RNA decay by regulation of RNA methylation, enhances the expression of the homing receptor chemokine C-X-C receptor-4 (CXCR4) in HSCs. We show that YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 2 (YTHDF2), a m6A reader and FTO α-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase (FTO), a m6A eraser play an opposite role in this process. Through screening, we identified several FDA-approved compounds that regulate the expression of YTHDF2 and FTO in CB CD34+ cells. We show that transient downregulation of YTHDF2 or activation of FTO by using these compounds inhibits CXCR4 decay in CB HSCs and promotes their homing and engraftment. Our results demonstrate a novel regulation strategy to enhance the function of CB HSCs and provide a translational approach to enhance the clinical efficacy of HCT.
A comparison of the International Consensus and 5th World Health Organization classifications of mature B-cell lymphomas
Authors: Falini Brunangelo , Martino Giovanni , Lazzi Stefano 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSeveral editions of the World Health Organization (WHO) classifications of lympho-hemopoietic neoplasms in 2001, 2008 and 2017 served as the international standard for diagnosis. Since the 4th WHO edition, here referred as WHO-HAEM4, significant clinico-pathological, immunophenotypic and molecular advances have been made in the field of lymphomas, contributing to refining diagnostic criteria of several diseases, to upgrade entities previously defined as provisional and to identify new entities. This process has resulted in two recent classifying proposals of lymphoid neoplasms, the International Consensus Classification (ICC) and the 5th edition of the WHO classification (WHO-HAEM5). In this paper, we review and compare the two classifications in terms of diagnostic criteria and entity definition, with focus on mature B-cell neoplasms. The main aim is to provide a tool to facilitate the work of pathologists, hematologists and researchers involved in the diagnosis and treatment of lymphomas.
Machine learning modeling practices to support the principles of AI and ethics in nutrition research
Authors: Thomas Diana M. , Kleinberg Samantha , Brown Andrew W. , Crow Mason , Bastian Nathaniel D. , Reisweber Nicholas , Lasater Robert , Kendall Thomas , Shafto Patrick , Blaine Raymond , Smith Sarah , Ruiz Daniel , Morrell Christopher , Clark Nicholas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Nutrition research is relying more on artificial intelligence and machine learning models to understand, diagnose, predict, and explain data. While artificial intelligence and machine learning models provide powerful modeling tools, failure to use careful and well-thought-out modeling processes can lead to misleading conclusions and concerns surrounding ethics and bias.

Methods
Based on our experience as reviewers and journal editors in nutrition and obesity, we identified the most frequently omitted best practices from statistical modeling and how these same practices extend to machine learning models. We next addressed areas required for implementation of machine learning that are not included in commercial software packages.

Results
Here, we provide a tutorial on best artificial intelligence and machine learning modeling practices that can reduce potential ethical problems with a checklist and guiding principles to aid nutrition researchers in developing, evaluating, and implementing artificial intelligence and machine learning models in nutrition research.

Conclusion
The quality of AI/ML modeling in nutrition research requires iterative and tailored processes to mitigate against potential ethical problems or to predict conclusions that are free of bias.
Postnatal growth of small for gestational age late preterm infants: determinants of catch-up growth
Authors: Vizzari Giulia , Morniroli Daniela , Tiraferri Valentina , Macchi Marta , Gangi Silvana , Consales Alessandra , Ceroni Federica , Cerasani Jacopo , Mosca Fabio , Giannì Maria Lorella 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Failure to recover growth is a risk reported in late preterm population. This study aimed to evaluate the auxological outcome of late preterm infants and identify factors associated with failure to recover growth.

Methods
We enrolled late preterm infants with birth weight ≤10th percentile, followed up at High-Risk Infant Follow-up Service. We collected data at birth and at follow-up visits. A logistic regression analysis was performed to assess variables independently associated with growth failure.

Results
The population consisted of 175 preterms. The percentage of children showing no weight recovery was 34% at 36 months. At logistic regression analysis, infants who had not regained weight at 12 months had a higher risk of not regaining weight even at 36 months. The same risk factor was highlighted for length catch-up growth. Moreover, infants fed any human milk at discharge were protected from not achieving both weight and length catch-up growth at 36 months.

Conclusion
These results indicate that children born late preterm and small for gestational age could fail to recover weight and stature growth in the first 36 months. The protective effect of human milk on failure to thrive highlights the importance of promoting breastfeeding in this population.

Impact

A significant number of SGA late preterms show a failure to recover weight and statural growth.

Having experienced intrauterine growth restriction is associated with a greater chance of achieving statural catch-up growth.

Being born singleton represents a risk factor for slower weight and height growth velocity.

Breastmilk has a protective effect on failure to recover adequate weight and length in preterm SGA infants. This finding highlights the importance of promoting breastfeeding in this population.
A global survey of diurnal offshore propagation of rainfall
Authors: Fang Junying , Du Yu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDiurnal rainfall offshore propagation (OP) shapes the timing and intensity of coastal rainfall and thus impacts both nature and society. Previous OP studies have rarely compared various coasts, and a consensus regarding physical mechanisms has not been reached on a global scale. Here, we provide the global climatology of observed OP, which propagates across ~78% of all coasts and accounts for ~59% of the coastal precipitation. Generally, OP is facilitated by low latitudes, high moisture conditions and offshore background winds. OP at low latitudes in a high-moisture environment is mainly caused by inertia–gravity waves due to the land–sea thermal contrast, whereas OP at higher latitudes is significantly influenced by background winds under trapped land–sea breeze circulation conditions. Slower near-shore OP might be modulated by density currents. Our results provide a guide for global OP hotspots and suggest relative contributions of mechanisms from a statistical perspective.
An NKX-COUP-TFII morphogenetic code directs mucosal endothelial addressin expression
Authors: Dinh Thanh Theresa , Xiang Menglan , Rajaraman Anusha , Wang Yongzhi , Salazar Nicole , Zhu Yu , Roper Walter , Rhee Siyeon , Brulois Kevin , O’Hara Ed , Kiefel Helena , Dinh Truc M. , Bi Yuhan , Gonzalez Dalila , Bao Evan P. , Red-Horse Kristy , Balogh Peter , Gábris Fanni , Gaszner Balázs , Berta Gergely , Pan Junliang , Butcher Eugene C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractImmunoglobulin family and carbohydrate vascular addressins encoded byMadcam1andSt6gal1control lymphocyte homing into intestinal tissues, regulating immunity and inflammation. The addressins are developmentally programmed to decorate endothelial cells lining gut post-capillary and high endothelial venules (HEV), providing a prototypical example of organ- and segment-specific endothelial specialization. We identify conserved NKX-COUP-TFII composite elements (NCCE) in regulatory regions ofMadcam1andSt6gal1that bind intestinal homeodomain protein NKX2-3 cooperatively with venous nuclear receptor COUP-TFII to activate transcription. TheMadcam1element also integrates repressive signals from arterial/capillary Notch effectors. Pan-endothelial COUP-TFII overexpression induces ectopic addressin expression in NKX2-3+capillaries, while NKX2-3 deficiency abrogates expression by HEV. Phylogenetically conserved NCCE are enriched in genes involved in neuron migration and morphogenesis of the heart, kidney, pancreas and other organs. Our results define an NKX-COUP-TFII morphogenetic code that targets expression of mucosal vascular addressins.
Protein-Peptide Turnover Profiling reveals the order of PTM addition and removal during protein maturation
Authors: Hammarén Henrik M. , Geissen Eva-Maria , Potel Clement M. , Beck Martin , Savitski Mikhail M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPost-translational modifications (PTMs) regulate various aspects of protein function, including degradation. Mass spectrometric methods relying on pulsed metabolic labeling are popular to quantify turnover rates on a proteome-wide scale. Such data have traditionally been interpreted in the context of protein proteolytic stability. Here, we combine theoretical kinetic modeling with experimental pulsed stable isotope labeling of amino acids in cell culture (pSILAC) for the study of protein phosphorylation. We demonstrate that metabolic labeling combined with PTM-specific enrichment does not measure effects of PTMs on protein stability. Rather, it reveals the relative order of PTM addition and removal along a protein’s lifetime—a fundamentally different metric. This is due to interconversion of the measured proteoform species. Using this framework, we identify temporal phosphorylation sites on cell cycle-specific factors and protein complex assembly intermediates. Our results thus allow tying PTMs to the age of the modified proteins.
DOT1L regulates chamber-specific transcriptional networks during cardiogenesis and mediates postnatal cell cycle withdrawal
Authors: Cattaneo Paola , Hayes Michael G. B. , Baumgarten Nina , Hecker Dennis , Peruzzo Sofia , Aslan Galip S. , Kunderfranco Paolo , Larcher Veronica , Zhang Lunfeng , Contu Riccardo , Fonseca Gregory , Spinozzi Simone , Chen Ju , Condorelli Gianluigi , Dimmeler Stefanie , Schulz Marcel H. , Heinz Sven , Guimarães-Camboa Nuno , Evans Sylvia M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMechanisms by which specific histone modifications regulate distinct gene networks remain little understood. We investigated how H3K79me2, a modification catalyzed by DOT1L and previously considered a general transcriptional activation mark, regulates gene expression during cardiogenesis. Embryonic cardiomyocyte ablation ofDot1lrevealed that H3K79me2 does not act as a general transcriptional activator, but rather regulates highly specific transcriptional networks at two critical cardiogenic junctures: embryonic cardiogenesis, where it was particularly important for left ventricle-specific genes, and postnatal cardiomyocyte cell cycle withdrawal, with Dot1L mutants having more mononuclear cardiomyocytes and prolonged cardiomyocyte cell cycle activity. Mechanistic analyses revealed that H3K79me2 in two distinct domains, gene bodies and regulatory elements, synergized to promote expression of genes activated by DOT1L. Surprisingly, H3K79me2 in specific regulatory elements also contributed to silencing genes usually not expressed in cardiomyocytes. These results reveal mechanisms by which DOT1L successively regulates left ventricle specification and cardiomyocyte cell cycle withdrawal.
Prior exposure to B. pertussis shapes the mucosal antibody response to acellular pertussis booster vaccination
Authors: van Schuppen Evi , Fröberg Janeri , Venkatasubramanian Prashanna Balaji , Versteegen Pauline , de Graaf Hans , Holubová Jana , Gillard Joshua , van Gageldonk Pieter G. M. , Joosten Irma , de Groot Ronald , Šebo Peter , Berbers Guy A. M. , Read Robert C. , Huynen Martijn A. , de Jonge Marien I. , Diavatopoulos Dimitri A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBordetella pertussis(Bp), the causative agent of pertussis, continues to circulate despite widespread vaccination programs. An important question is whether and how (sub)clinical infections shape immune memory to Bp, particularly in populations primed with acellular pertussis vaccines (aP). Here, we examine the prevalence of mucosal antibodies against non-vaccine antigens in aP-primed children and adolescents of the BERT study (NCT03697798), using antibody binding to a Bp mutant strain lacking aP antigens (Bp_mut). Our study identifies increased levels of mucosal IgG and IgA binding toBp_mutin older aP-primed individuals, suggesting different Bp exposure between aP-primed birth cohorts, in line with pertussis disease incidence data. To examine whether Bp exposure influences vaccination responses, we measured mucosal antibody responses to aP booster vaccination as a secondary study outcome. Although booster vaccination induces significant increases in mucosal antibodies to Bp in both cohorts, the older age group that had higher baseline antibodies toBp_ mutshows increased persistence of antibodies after vaccination.
Synergistic passivation and stepped-dimensional perovskite analogs enable high-efficiency near-infrared light-emitting diodes
Authors: Liu Yongjie , Tao Chen , Cao Yu , Chen Liangyan , Wang Shuxin , Li Pei , Wang Cheng , Liu Chenwei , Ye Feihong , Hu Shengyong , Xiao Meng , Gao Zheng , Gui Pengbing , Yao Fang , Dong Kailian , Li Jiashuai , Hu Xuzhi , Cong Hengjiang , Jia Shuangfeng , Wang Ti , Wang Jianbo , Li Gang , Huang Wei , Ke Weijun , Wang Jianpu , Fang Guojia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFormamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) perovskites are promising emitters for near-infrared light-emitting diodes. However, their performance is still limited by defect-assisted nonradiative recombination and band offset-induced carrier aggregation at the interface. Herein, we introduce a couple of cadmium salts with acetate or halide anion into the FAPbI3 perovskite precursors to synergistically passivate the material defects and optimize the device band structure. Particularly, the perovskite analogs, containing zero-dimensional formamidinium cadmium iodide, one-dimensional δ-FAPbI3, two-dimensional FA2FAn-1PbnI3n+1, and three-dimensional α-FAPbI3, can be obtained in one pot and play a pivotal and positive role in energy transfer in the formamidinium iodide-rich lead-based perovskite films. As a result, the near-infrared FAPbI3-based devices deliver a maximum external quantum efficiency of 24.1% together with substantially improved operational stability. Combining our findings on defect passivation and energy transfer, we also achieve near-infrared light communication with device twins of light emitting and unprecedented self-driven detection.
Structural insights into mechanism and specificity of the plant protein O-fucosyltransferase SPINDLY
Authors: Zhu Li , Wei Xiting , Cong Jianming , Zou Jing , Wan Lihao , Xu Shutong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractArabidopsis glycosyltransferase family 41 (GT41) protein SPINDLY (SPY) plays pleiotropic roles in plant development. Despite the amino acid sequence is similar to human O-GlcNAc transferase, Arabidopsis SPY has been identified as a novel nucleocytoplasmic protein O-fucosyltransferase. SPY-like proteins extensively exist in diverse organisms, indicating that O-fucosylation by SPY is a common way to regulate intracellular protein functions. However, the details of how SPY recognizes and glycosylates substrates are unknown. Here, we present a crystal structure of Arabidopsis SPY/GDP complex at 2.85 Å resolution. SPY adopts a head-to-tail dimer. Strikingly, the conformation of a ‘catalytic SPY’/GDP/‘substrate SPY’ complex formed by two symmetry-related SPY dimers is captured in the crystal lattice. The structure together with mutagenesis and enzymatic data demonstrate SPY can fucosylate itself and SPY’s self-fucosylation region negatively regulates its enzyme activity, reveal SPY’s substrate recognition and enzyme mechanism, and provide insights into the glycan donor substrate selection in GT41 proteins.