bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of patient population benefiting from anticoagulant therapy for sepsis-related coagulopathy based on the disseminated intravascular coagulation diagnostic criteria: a retrospective database study
Authors: Wada Takeshi , Yamakawa Kazuma , Kabata Daijiro , Abe Toshikazu , Fujishima Seitaro , Kushimoto Shigeki , Mayumi Toshihiko , Ogura Hiroshi , Saitoh Daizoh , Shiraishi Atsushi , Otomo Yasuhiro , Gando Satoshi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: The development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in patients with sepsis has been repeatedly confirmed as a factor associated with poor prognosis. Anticoagulant therapy has been expected to improve sepsis patient outcomes, whereas no randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the survival benefit of anticoagulant therapies in non-specific overall sepsis. Patient selection based on the component of “high disease severity” in addition to “sepsis with DIC” has recently been shown to be important in identifying appropriate target for anticoagulant therapy. The aims of this study were to characterize “severe” sepsis DIC patients, and to identify the patient population benefiting from anticoagulant therapy.Methods: We conducted a retrospective sub-analysis of a prospective multicenter study and enrolled 1,178 adult patients with severe sepsis from 59 intensive care units. We examined the association of patient outcomes, including organ dysfunction and in-hospital mortality, with the DIC score and prothrombin time-international normalized ratio (PT-INR), one of the components of the DIC score, using multivariable regression models including the cross-product term between these indicators. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis with non-linear restricted cubic spline including a three-way interaction term (anticoagulant therapy × the DIC score × PT-INR) was also performed. Anticoagulant therapy was defined as the administration of antithrombin, recombinant human thrombomodulin, or their combination.Results: The regression model showed that organ dysfunction and in-hospital mortality deteriorated with higher PT-INR values in the range of less than 1.5 and that this trend was more pronounced with higher DIC scores. Three-way interaction analysis demonstrated that anticoagulant therapy was associated with better survival outcome in patients with a high DIC score and high PT-INR. Furthermore, we identified a DIC score ≥ 5 and PT-INR ≥ 1.5 as the clinical threshold for identification of optimal targets for anticoagulant therapy.Conclusions: The combined use of the DIC score and PT-INR, one of the items of the score, helps to select the optimal patient population for anticoagulant therapy in sepsis-induced DIC. Diagnosing DIC with a sensitive DIC scoring system, followed by the identification of the optimal patient population for anticoagulant therapy may be useful for controlling sepsis-induced DIC. Trial registration: UMIN-CTR, UMIN000019588. Registered on November 16, 2015.
Computational design of potential siRNA molecules for silencing of protease (3LC-like proteinase) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene of SARS-CoV-2 by RNAi technology
Authors: Karim Md Adnan , Sarker Takim , Samad Abdus , Ahammad Foysal , Karim Md Adnan , Jaman Jomana , Karim Ziaul , Siam Mohammad Kawsar Sharif , Seraj Zeba I. , Shohan Mohammad Umer Sharif 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Since the origin of the SARS-CoV2 from Wuhan, in China, it has become a global threat to public health and a WHO-declared world epidemic within 2 month of identification of the first case. This has led to the race of scientists all over the world to discover a therapeutic to combat the SARS-CoV-2. Two proteins, namely, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and 3C-like proteinase work in facilitating the entry of the virus into host cell, viral transcription and replication. Among various treatment options, siRNA, also known as small interfering RNA is a prospective tool of the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway that controls virus-mediated infections of human by suppressing the expression of viral gene through hybridization and neutralization of complementary mRNA. In the current study, siRNA molecules were designed against RdRp and 3C-like proteinase gene. 12 conserved sequences were obtained from the genome 101 SARS-CoV-2 strains sequenced in different countries. A total of 38 siRNAs were predicted that can inactivate RdRp and 3C-like proteinase genes. Finally, after analyzing the GC ratio (%), free energy of folding-binding, melting temperature and efficacy prediction of all the predicted siRNAs, 6 siRNA molecules were selected which are proposed to exert the highest action. These screened siRNAs should effectively silence the RdRp and 3C-like proteinase genes of SARS-CoV-2 by siRNA mediated prospective treatment of COVID-19 patients.
The change in pediatric subject symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in China
Authors: Tang Yaqi , Ma Shujing , Luo Gang , Ji Zhixian , Zhao Shuiyan , Cao Yue , Pan Silin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: It is reported that the adverse impact of nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on the mental health of children and adolescents may lead to psychologically related disorders during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) period. Subject symptoms such as chest pain, chest tightness, and palpitation are closely related to increased stress and anxiety in children and adolescents. The present research aimed to determine the change in pediatric consult of the symptoms onset in children during the COVID-19 period compared with before and after the COVID-19 period.Methods: Children who visited Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University between January 23 to April 30, 2019 (pre-COVID-19 period), January 23 to April 30, 2020 (COVID-19 period), and January 23 to April 30, 2021 (post-COVID-19 period) presenting chest pain, chest tightness, and palpitation were recruited. Information to determine gender, ages, department for the initial visit, clinical manifestations, time from the latest onset to the visit, and diagnosis were recorded.Result: A total of 891 patients were enrolled in the present study (514 males; median age: 7.72). 123 patients presented during the pre-COVID-19 period while 130 during the COVID-19 period, nevertheless, the number substantially increased during the post-COVID-19 period (n=638). There was no significant difference among groups in the distribution of organic etiology. The median time from the latest onset to the visit during the pre-COVID-19 period was 7 days compared to 10 days during the COVID-19 period and 3 days during the post-COVID period. Conclusion: The pediatric consult of children with subject symptoms presented increased substantially during the post-COVID-19 period, with a less median time from the latest onset to the visit. The major etiology of subject symptoms was shown in favor of non-organic during the three periods.
Molecular characterization of a novel chlorotic leaf curl-associated foveavirus infecting prune trees
Authors: Zheng Lianshun , Han Yang , Gong Pan , Zhou Xueping , Wu Jianxiang , Fu Shuai 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Prune tree (Prunus mume) is widely distributed in East Asian countries for fruit, medicinal herbs, or ornamental purposes for more than 2000 years. High-throughput sequencing in prune tree leaves showing chlorosis and leaf curl symptoms sampled from the China National Botanical Garden revealed the presence of a putative novel virus belonging to the genus Foveavirus, the family Betaflexiviridae. We cloned the completion genome of this new virus and named this virus as prune tree chlorotic leaf curl-associated virus (PTCLCaV). The genome of PTCLCaV is a 9 034 nucleotide (nt) positive-sense, single strand RNA, excluding its 3’ poly (A) tail, and contains five open reading frames (ORFs). ORF1 encodes a putative viral replication-associated protein (Rep), and ORFs 2, 3, and 4 encode the triple gene block (TGB) proteins. ORF5 encodes the capsid protein (CP). Our phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that PTCLCaV is evolutionarily related to members from the genus Foveavirus of the family Betaflexiviridae. Based on sequence identity and phylogenetic analysis, PTCLCaV represents a new species of the genus Foveavirus in the family Betaflexiviridae.
Nonparametric approach to copula estimation in compounding the joint impact of storm surge and rainfall events in coastal flood analysis
Authors: LATIF SHAHID , Simonovic Slobodan P. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

The joint probability modelling of storm surge and rainfall events is the main task in assessing compound flood risk in low-lying coastal areas. These extreme or non-extreme events may not be dangerous if considered individually but can intensify flooding impact if they occur simultaneously or successively. Recently, the copula approach has been widely accepted in compound flooding but is often limited to parametric, or in limited number of cases to semiparametric, distribution settings. However, both parametric and semiparametric approaches assume the prior distribution type for univariate marginals and copula joint density. In that case, there is a high risk of misspecification if the underlying assumption is violated. In addition, both approaches suffer from a lack of flexibility. This study uses bivariate copula density in the nonparametric distribution setting. The joint copula structure is approximated nonparametrically by employing Beta kernel and Bernstein copula estimators, and their performances are also compared. The proposed model is tested with 46 years of rainfall and storm surge observations collected on Canada's west coast. Based on the different model compatibility tests, the Bernstein copula with normal KDE margins defined the joint dependence structure well. The selected nonparametric copula model is further employed to estimate joint and conditional return periods. The derived model is further used to estimate failure probability statistics to assess the variation of bivariate hydrologic risk during the project lifetime due to compounded storm surge and rainfall events.
Mutations of TP53 and genes related to homologous recombination repair in breast cancer with germline BRCA1/2 mutations
Authors: Kim Jinyong , Jeong Kyeonghun , Jun Hyeji , Kim Kwangsoo , Yi Hanbaek , Park Songyi , Woo Go-un , Lee Dae-Won , Kim Tae-Yong , Lee Kyung-Hun , Im Seock-Ah 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background Germline mutations of breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA1 and BRCA2 (gBRCA1/2) are associated with elevated risk of breast cancer in young women in Asia. BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins contribute to genomic stability through homologous recombination (HR)-mediated double strand DNA break repair in cooperation with other HR-related proteins. In this study, we analyzed the targeted sequencing data of the breast cancer patients with gBRCA1/2 mutations to investigate the landscape of HR-related gene mutations and their clinical implications.Materials and MethodsData of the breast cancer patients with pathogenic gBRCA1/2 mutations and qualified targeted next generation sequencing, SNUH FiRST cancer panel, were analyzed. Single nucleotide polymorphisms, small insertions and deletions were analyzed with functional annotations using ANNOVAR. HR-related genes were defined as ABL1, ATM, ATR, BARD1, BRCA1, BRCA2, CDKN1A, CDKN2A, CHEK1, CHEK2, FANCA, FANCD2, FANCG, FANCI, FANCL, KDR, MUTYH, PALB2, POLE, POLQ, RAD50, RAD51, RAD51D, RAD54L, and TP53. Mismatch-repair genes were MLH1, MSH2, and MSH6. Clinical data were analyzed with cox proportional hazard models and survival analyses. ResultsFifty five Korean breast cancer patients with known gBRCA1/2 mutations and qualified targeted NGS data were analyzed. Ethnically distinct mutations in gBRCA1/2 genes were noted, with higher frequencies of Val1833Ser (14.8%), Glu1210Arg (11.1%), and Tyr130Ter (11.1%) in gBRCA1 and Arg2494Ter (25.0%) and Lys467Ter (14.3%) in gBRCA2. Considering subtypes, gBRCA1 mutations were associated with triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC), while gBRCA2 mutations were more likely hormone receptor-positive breast cancers. At least one missense mutation of homologous recombination (HR)-related genes were observed in 44 cases (80.0%). The most frequently co-mutated gene was TP53 (38.1%). In patients with gBRCA1/2 mutations, however, genetic variations of TP53 occurred in locations different from the known hotspots of those with sporadic breast cancers. The patients with both gBRCA1/2 and TP53 mutations were more likely to have TNBC, high Ki-67 values, and increased genetic mutations, especially of HR-related genes. Survival benefit was observed in the TP53 mutants of patients with gBRCA2 mutations, compared to those with TP53 wildtypes.ConclusionOur study showed distinct genetic landscape of breast cancer patients with gBRCA1 and gBRCA2 mutations in the Asian populations. Further studies on precision medicine are needed for tailored treatments of patients with genetic diversity among different ethnic groups.
Hemodynamic Monitoring during Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A scoping review
Authors: Lorusso Roberto , De Piero Maria Elena , Mariani Silvia , Ravaux Justine M. , Nardelli Pasquale , Jacobs Jeffrey P. , Guarracino Fabio , Patroniti Nicoló , Bussel Bas C.T. van , Horst Iwan C.C. van der , Taccone Fabio Silvio , Heinsar Silver , Shekar Kiran , Yamashita Michael , Obonyo Nchafatso G. , Ciullo Anna L. , Brio Jordi Riera del , Dalton Heidi , Wang Anson , Zaaqoq Akram M. , MacLaren Graeme , Ramanathan Kollengode , Suen Jacky Y. , Bassi Gianluigi Li , Sato Kei , Fraser John F. , Peek Giles J. , Arora Rakesh C. ,   COVID-19 Critical Care Consortium (CCC) Cardio/ECMOCard
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background Optimizing cardiovascular monitoring and support during veno-venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (V-V ECMO) is essential to ensure overall adequacy of end-organ perfusion and proper titration of extracorporeal support. Despite an increasing V-V ECMO use, guidelines on monitoring of cardiovascular function during mechanical support are lacking, with current approaches mostly based on clinicians’ experience rather than evidence-based recommendations. This scoping review focused on basic and more advance methods for hemodynamic monitoring during V-V ECMO in adult patients. Methods Databases (PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane CENTRAL) and reference lists of relevant articles were searched from inception until November 2021. We included studies of any methodology that addressed the a priori key questions relating to hemodynamic monitoring during respiratory extracorporeal support. Results Overall, 465 articles were screened, and 106 articles were included for detailed analysis. Protocolized hemodynamic monitoring and lines of evidence were not found and in particular the main body of the literature was concentrated on cardiocirculatory support. Tools recommendations regarding the available monitoring techniques are described, with an overview of basic, prognostic/diagnostic and advanced methods. While these strategy does not influence time to wean, the application of care bundles and multidisciplinary team approaches could be associated with reduced complications and improved outcomes. Conclusions Patients undergoing respiratory support with V-V ECMO experience complex interactions among the patient’s and extracorporeal circulation, individual’s lung function and related circulatory changes. The critical needs for multidisciplinary teams, specified trainings, new research directions, and an accurate monitoring aiming to improve outcomes are essential for optimal decision-making.
Biodegradable Elastomeric Circuit Boards from Citric Acid-based Polyesters
Authors: Daniele Michael , Turner Brendan , Twiddy Jack , Wilkins Michael , Ramesh Srivatsan , Kilgour Katie , Domingos Eleo , Nasrallah Olivia , Menegatti Stefano 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Recyclable and biodegradable microelectronics, i.e., “green” electronics, are emerging as a viable solution to the global
challenge of electronic waste. Accordingly, the development of novel materials to replace passive components and
packaging is necessary to realize sustainable manufacturing and growing distribution of electronic devices. Specifically,
alternatives to printed circuit boards (PCBs) represent a prime target for novel materials development and increasing the
utility of green electronics in biomedical and Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. Ideal PCB substrates and packaging are
good dielectrics, mechanically and thermally robust, and are compatible with traditional microfabrication processes, which
typically result in the use of non-biodegradable materials. Poly(octamethylene maleate (anhydride) citrate) (POMaC) – a
citric acid-based elastomer with tunable degradation and mechanical properties – presents a promising alternative for PCB
substrates and packaging. Here, we report the novel use and characterization of POMaC-PCBs. Synthesis and processing
conditions were optimized to achieve desired degradation and mechanical properties for production of stretchable circuits.
POMAC-PCB traces were characterized and exhibited sheet resistance of 0.599 Ω cm-2, crosstalk distance of <0.6 mm, and
R/R0 = 30 after 100 cycles to 20% strain. Fabrication of single and multilayer layer POMaC-PCBs was demonstrated.
Comparative Toxicology of Heavy Metals Arsenate, Arsenite, Cadmium, Chrome Vi, Lead, and Nickel in the Testes of Adult Swiss Mice After Acute Exposure
Authors: Lozi Amanda Alves , Dias Fernanda Carolina Ribeiro , Silva Janaina , Araujo Diane Costa , Gonçalves Ingred Carol , Melo Fabiana Cristina Silveira Alves , Oliveira Elizabeth Lopes , Freitas Mariella Bontempo Duca , Matta Sérgio Luis Pinto da 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Heavy metals are found naturally in the environment in small concentrations and the increase in their concentration occurs due to anthropogenic activities. Human exposure to heavy metals can induce various testicular damage. This study aimed to evaluate the action of the arsenate (As + 5), arsenite (As + 3), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium VI (Cr VI), and nickel (Ni) in the testicles of adult Swiss mice and establish an order of toxicity among these metals. Forty-two animals were randomly distributed into 7 experimental groups (n = 6). The control group received a saline solution and the other groups received 1.5 mg/kg of the heavy metal as follows: group 2 – As + 5, group 3 - As + 3, group 4 - Cd, group 5 - Pb, group 6 - Cr VI and group 7 - Ni. The administration was performed intraperitoneally in a single dose and the animals were euthanized seven days after exposure. Acute exposure to heavy metals induced functional, cellular, pathological, and oxidative stress alterations. The order of toxicity among the tested metals established by comparative damage analysis follows Ni > Cd > Cr VI = Pb > As + 3 > As + 5. In groups with higher toxicity, such as nickel and cadmium were observed functional changes, alterations in the testicular microstructure, and cell death. Based on our results, we can point out that the heavy metals tested can be harmful to male reproductive health in low doses and for a short period of exposure. Care must be greater taking into account the damage order defined in this work.
Social context during ontogeny affects cannibalism and kin recognition of the predatory mite Amblyseius herbicolus (Chant) at different life stages
Authors: ZHANG KESHI , ZHANG ZHI-QIANG 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCannibalism is commonly found among phytoseiids at almost all mobile life stages. The avoidance of kin cannibalism in the presence of non-kin has been observed in limited species of phytoseiids. Early experience with conspecifics can alter individuals’ social behaviour at later stages. In this study, we examined the influence of ontogenetic isolation on the cannibalism and kin recognition of the predatory miteAmblyseius herbicolus(Acari: Phytoseiidae). Using a choice test,A. herbicolusprotonymphs, deutonymphs, pre-ovipositional adults, and ovipositional adults were used as predators, and larvae (siblings versus non-kin) were given as prey. Two rearing treatments were applied to the predators to generate different social experience during ontogeny: reared in isolation or in pairs with ad libitum mixed stages ofCarpoglyphus lactis(Acari: Astigmata). The results showed that social experience with siblings during ontogeny significantly reduced the cannibalism rate. Despite the social experience during ontogeny, protonymphs, deutonymphs, and pre-ovipositional adults did not discriminate kin (siblings) from non-kin during cannibalism. Only adults during oviposition showed a preference to avoid cannibalising siblings when non-kin are available. The recognition mechanism ofA. herbicolusmay require the contact and assessment of their eggs during oviposition. Future studies can investigate if contact with non-kin eggs and subsequently hatching larvae can influence the discrimination ability of ovipositional adults. WhetherA. herbicoluscan avoid cannibalising familiar kin could also be examined.
Enablers and barriers to referral and delivery of multidisciplinary prehabilitation in the Autologous Stem Cell Transplant population: A theory-based interview study
Authors: Crowe Jessica , Edbrooke Lara , Khot Amit , Denehy Linda , Francis Jill J 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Health care professionals (HCP) play a vital role in effectiveness of prehabilitation programs, but information is limited about what assists HCP deliver an effective service. This study evaluated HCP perceptions of enablers and barriers to two behaviours: referral for, and delivery of, multidisciplinary prehabilitation prior to autologous stem cell transplant.
Methods
Based on the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) of behaviour change, we conducted semi-structured interviews, purposively sampling 14 participants (from various healthcare disciplines) at a tertiary cancer centre. Discipline-specific topic guides were created based on the TDF and the behaviours appropriate to each discipline. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, anonymised, content analysed (grouping, then labelling, thematically similar responses) and classified into theoretical domains. Structured decision rules were used to classify themes as high, medium or low priority.
Results
Fifty enablers and 31 barriers were identified; of these 26 enablers and 16 barriers classified as high priority. Four domains had the most frequent high-priority enablers: Social professional role and identity (e.g., multidisciplinary teamwork); Beliefs about consequences (e.g., patient benefit); Memory, attention and decision processes (e.g., refer as early as possible); and Environmental context and resources (e.g., electronic medical records are beneficial). High-priority barriers were most frequent in four domains: Memory, attention and decision processes (e.g., conflicting views about who should be referred); Environmental context and resources (e.g., lack of time); Social influences (e.g., families); and Emotions (e.g., patient distress).
Conclusion
Participants reported more enablers than barriers. Findings can support delivery of prehabilitation programs in hospital settings where uptake remains low.