bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID‐19 vaccination in patients with rheumatic diseases: Vaccination rates, patient perspectives, and side effects
Authors: Li Yan Kiu , Lui Michael Pak Kiu , Yam Lip Long , Cheng Chi Shing , Tsang Terence Hon Ting , Kwok Wing Sum , Chung Ho Yin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionTo investigate the vaccination rate, reported side effects, and patient concerns for COVID‐19 vaccination in patients with rheumatic diseases.MethodsA multicentre cross‐sectional study from rheumatology clinics in two major hospitals in Hong Kong was conducted between June 3, 2021 and October 8, 2021. Patient interviews for demographics, clinical characteristics, vaccination status, reported side effects, and factors influencing decisions about vaccination were supplemented with structured questionnaires.ResultsOut of 1367 patients, 413 (30.2%) had received COVID‐19 vaccination. Side effects were reported in 335 (81.1%) of patients, of which the most common were injection site pain or swelling (66.3%), fatigue (57.1%), fever (19.9%), and headache (19.6%). Multivariate logistic regression models showed that males (odds ratio [OR] = 1.80; p < .001), higher education level (OR = 1.64; p < .001) and healthcare professionals (OR = 4.5; p < .001) were significantly more likely to have received the vaccine. In contrast, patients with hypertension (OR = 0.73; p = .04), systemic lupus erythematous (OR = 0.53; p < .001), stroke (OR = 0.29; p = .01), steroid therapy (OR = 0.59; p = .01), and leflunomide therapy (OR = 0.45; p = .05) were significantly less likely to be vaccinated. Younger age (age, OR = 0.96; p = .003) and messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines (OR = 4.79; p < .001) were associated with more side effects. There was no difference in risk of side effects between specific rheumatic diseases or drug therapies.ConclusionCOVID‐19 vaccination is associated with no increased risk of side effects in any particular disease or drug therapy, therefore vaccination should be encouraged in patients with rheumatic disease. In addition, younger age is associated minimally, while mRNA vaccine is associated with increased side effects.
Retrospective comparative effectiveness research: Will changing the analytical methods change the results?
Authors: Zaorsky Nicholas G. , Wang Xi , Lehrer Eric J. , Tchelebi Leila T. , Yeich Andrew , Prasad Vinay K. , Chinchilli Vernon M. , Wang Ming 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn medicine, retrospective cohort studies are used to compare treatments to one another. We hypothesize that the outcomes of retrospective comparative effectiveness research studies can be heavily influenced by biostatistical analytic choices, thereby leading to inconsistent conclusions. We selected a clinical scenario currently under investigation: survival in metastatic prostate, breast or lung cancer after systemic vs systemic + definitive local therapy. We ran >300 000 regression models (each representing a publishable study). Each model had various forms of analytic choices (to account for bias): propensity score matching, left truncation adjustment, landmark analysis and covariate combinations. There were 72 549 lung, 14 904 prostate and 13 857 breast cancer patients included. In the most basic analysis, which omitted propensity score matching, left truncation adjustment and landmark analysis, all of the HRs were <1 (generally, 0.60‐0.95, favoring addition of local therapy), with all P‐values <.001. Left truncation adjustment landmark analysis produced results with nonsignificant P‐values. The combination of propensity score matching, left truncation adjustment, landmark analysis and covariate combinations generally produced P‐values that were >.05 and/or HRs that were >1 (favoring systemic therapy alone). The use of more statistical methods to reduce the selection bias caused reported HR ranges to approach 1.0. By varying analytic choices in comparative effectiveness research, we generated contrary outcomes. Our results suggest that some retrospective observational studies may find a treatment improves outcomes for patients, while another similar study may find it does not, simply based on analytical choices.
Potential roles of hsa_circ_000839 and hsa_circ_0005986 in breast cancer
Authors: Firoozi Zahra , Mohammadisoleimani Elham , Shahi Abbas , Mansoori Hosein , Naghizadeh Mohammad Mehdi , Bastami Milad , Nariman‐Saleh‐Fam Ziba , Daraei Abdolreza , Raoofat Atefeh , Mansoori Yaser 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer (BC) is one of the leading causes of death among women around the world. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a newly discovered group of non‐coding RNAs that their roles are being investigated in BC and other cancer types. In this study, we evaluated the association of hsa_circ_0005986 and hsa_circ_000839 in tumor and adjacent normal tissues of BC patients with their clinicopathological characteristics.Materials and methodsTotal RNA was extracted from tumors and adjacent non‐tumor tissues by the Trizol isolation reagent, and cDNA was synthesized using First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (Thermo Scientific). The expression level of hsa_circ_0005986 and hsa_circ_000839 was quantified using RT‐qPCR. Online in silico tools were used for identifying potentially important competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks of these two circRNAs.ResultsThe expression level of hsa_circ_0005986 and hsa_circ_000839 was lower in the tumor as compared to adjacent tissues. The expression level of hsa_circ_0005986 in the patients who had used hair dye in the last 5 years was significantly lower. Moreover, a statistically significant negative correlation between body mass index (BMI) and hsa_circ_000839 expression was observed. In silico analysis of the ceRNA network of these circRNAs revealed mRNAs and miRNAs with crucial roles in BC.ConclusionDownregulation of hsa_circ_000839 and hsa_circ_0005986 in BC tumors suggests a tumor‐suppressive role for these circRNAs in BC, meriting the need for more experimentations to delineate the exact mechanism of their involvement in BC pathogenesis.
The impact of social media coverage on attitudes towards mental illness and violent offending
Authors: Battaglia Anthony M. , Mamak Mini , Goldberg Joel O. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study is to better understand stigma towards individuals with mental illness who commit violent offences, and examine ways to mitigate the negative impact of social media news stories of schizophrenia and violent offending. Psychology undergraduate students (N = 255) were exposed to Instagram images and captions of recent real news stories of violent offending by individuals with schizophrenia. In the experimental condition, contextual clinical explanatory information was integrated. Pre‐ and post‐measures of stigma were completed. There was a significant increase in negative attitudes towards individuals with mental illness who committed violent offences following the no‐context condition, which was clearly mitigated in the experimental condition where context was provided. In both conditions, there were significant increases in intended social‐distancing behaviours towards and perceptions of dangerousness of individuals with schizophrenia, and negative beliefs about mental illness more generally. There appears to be utility in incorporating knowledge‐based clinical information to mitigate some facets of stigma.
Periodontal conditions and incident dementia: A nationwide Swedish cohort study
Authors: Holmer Jacob , Eriksdotter Maria , Häbel Henrike , Hed Myrberg Ida , Jonsson Anton , Pussinen Pirkko J. , Garcia‐Ptacek Sara , Jansson Leif , Sandborgh‐Englund Gunilla , Buhlin Kåre 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundPeriodontal disease has been proposed as a putative etiological factor for dementia. The aim of this investigation was to compare the incidence of dementia in individuals with or without deep probing pocket depths (DPPD), serving as a proxy for periodontitis.MethodsIn this cohort study, conducted in Sweden, we identified 7992 individuals with DPPD and 29,182 matched individuals without DPPD (non‐DPPD), using the Swedish Quality Registry for Caries and Periodontal Diseases (SKaPa). The two groups were followed for incident dementia (mean follow‐up time was 7.6 years) based on data from the Swedish Dementia Registry (SveDem). The exposure‐outcome relationship was explored by applying the Royston‐Parmar (RP) flexible parametric survival model.ResultsThe incidence of dementia in the two groups was similar. In the DPPD group 137 (1.7%) developed dementia and 470 (1.6%) in the non‐DPPD group. The incidence rate of dementia was estimated to be 2.3 per 1000 person‐years (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.9 to 2.7) in the DPPD group and 2.1 per 1000 person‐years (95% CI 1.9 to 2.3) in the non‐DPPD group. The RP model disclosed no association between DPPD and dementia incidence after controlling for potential confounders (the exponentiated coefficient was estimated to 1.13 [95% CI = 0.39 to 3.24]).ConclusionIn this sample, no association was revealed between deep probing pocket depths and the incidence of dementia.
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor regulates specific innate immune sensor responses in gingival epithelial cells
Authors: Kantrong Nutthapong , Chang Ana M. , Bamashmous Shatha , Hajjar Adeline M. , Bucala Richard J. , Darveau Richard P. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe gingival epithelium protects periodontal tissues and the alveolar bone by maintaining a steady state of regulated inflammatory surveillance, also known as healthy homeostasis. Accordingly, the repertoire of receptors present within the gingival epithelium showcases its ability to recognize microbial colonization and contribute to bacterial sensing. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is one of many cytokines that are expressed in this protective state and is involved in neutrophil regulation. However, its role in the maintenance of healthy gingival tissue has not been described.MethodsGingival tissues from wild‐type (WT) and Mif knock‐out (KO) mice were stained for neutrophils and three key neutrophil chemoattractants: MIF, Gro‐α/CXCL1, and Gro‐β/CXCL2 in the junctional epithelium (JE). In addition, gene silencing studies were performed using gingival epithelial cells (GECs) to examine the role of MIF on transcription of key bacterial recognition receptors Toll‐like receptors (TLR)‐1, ‐2, ‐4, ‐6, ‐9 and interleukin‐1 receptors (IL‐1R1 and IL‐1R2) in response to oral bacterial stimulation.ResultsWT murine gingival tissues demonstrated high expression of MIF in the JE. In Mif KO mice, despite the significant reduction of Gro‐α/CXCL1 and Gro‐β/CXCL2, there was a slight increase in neutrophils. Gene silencing experiments showed that MIF down‐regulated the mRNA expression of TLR4, IL‐1R1, and IL‐1R2 in GEC, in addition to decreasing secreted IL‐8/CXCL8 in response to bacteria.ConclusionsMIF regulates the expression of TLR4, IL‐1Rs, and IL‐8/CXCL8, components that are all involved in maintaining oral health. Our data demonstrate that MIF is a significant contributor to the maintenance of healthy oral homeostasis.
Leaving half the acetabulum in pelvic resections improves hip function. Is there a need to revisit conventional pelvic resections?
Authors: Kapoor Love , Sahoo Bismaya , Majeed Abdul , Banjara Roshan , Kumar Venkatesan S. , Bakhshi Sameer , Khan Shah A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundConventional periacetabular pelvic resections are associated with poor functional outcomes. Resections through surgical corridors beyond the conventional margins may be helpful in retaining greater function without compromising the oncological margins.MethodsThe study included a retrospective review of 82 cases of pelvic resections for pelvic tumors. Outcomes of acetabulum preservation (Group A) were compared with complete acetabular resection (Group B). Also, we compared outcomes of Type I + half resections (Group 1) with Type I + II resections (Group 2), and Type III + half resections (Group 3) with Type II + III resections (Group 4).ResultsGroup A (n = 44) had significantly better functional outcome than Group B (n = 38) with average MSTS93 score 22.3 versus 20.1 and average HHS 91.3 versus 82.5 (p < 0.001). Group 1 (n = 14) and Group 2 (n = 12) had similar functional outcomes (mean MSTS93 score 22.07 vs. 21.58 [p = 0.597] and mean HHS 90.37 vs. 86.51 [p = 0.205]). Group 3 (n = 11) had significantly better functional outcome than Group 4 (n = 17), with mean MSTS93 score 22.8 versus 19.7 (p < 0.001) and mean HHS 92.3 versus 80.1 (p < 0.001). Oncological outcomes were similar among the groups.ConclusionTransacetabular pelvic resections provide functional benefit over conventional resections without compromising oncological margins. There is a need to revisit and revise the pelvic resection planes.
Coastal ecosystem engineers and their impact on sediment dynamics: Eelgrass–bivalve interactions under wave exposure
Authors: Meysick Lukas , Infantes Eduardo , Rugiu Luca , Gagnon Karine , Boström Christoffer 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHabitat forming ecosystem engineers play critical roles in structuring coastal seascapes. Many ecosystem engineers, such as seagrasses and epifaunal bivalves, are known to have positive effects on sediment stability and increase coastal protection and ecosystem resilience. Others, such as bioturbating infaunal bivalves, may instead destabilize sediment. However, despite the common co‐occurrence of seagrasses and bivalves in coastal seascapes, little is known of their combined effects on sediment dynamics. Here, we used wave flumes to compare sediment dynamics in monospecific and multispecific treatments of eelgrass, Zostera marina, and associated bivalves (infaunal Limecola balthica, infaunal Cerastoderma edule, epifaunal Magellana gigas) under a range of wave exposures. Eelgrass reduced bedload erosion rates by 25–50%, with digital elevation models indicating that eelgrass affected the sediment micro‐bathymetry by decreasing surface roughness and ripple sizes. Effects of bivalves on sediment mobilization were species‐specific; L. balthica reduced erosion by 25%, C. edule increased erosion by 40%, while M. gigas had little effect. Importantly, eelgrass modified the impacts of bivalves: the destabilizing effects of C. edule vanished in the presence of eelgrass, while we found positive additive effects of eelgrass and L. balthica on sediment stabilization and potential for mutual anchoring. Such interspecific interactions are likely relevant for habitat patch emergence and resilience to extreme wave conditions. In light of future climate scenarios where increasing storm frequency and wave exposure threaten coastal ecosystems, our results add a mechanistic understanding of sediment dynamics and interactions between ecosystem engineers, with relevance for management and conservation.
The role of tides and winds in shaping seed dispersal in coastal wetlands
Authors: Zhu Zhenchang , Slangen Aimee , Zhu Qin , Gerkema Theo , Bouma Tjeerd J. , Yang Zhifeng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGlobal changes such as sea level rise and enhanced storminess motivate the use of saltmarshes as nature‐based flood defenses. Yet, it remains poorly understood about how shifted environmental conditions may shape processes governing long‐term stability of saltmarshes. Here, we integrated data from in situ measurements and field experiments in several Dutch salt marshes to probe the impacts of changes in tides and winds on seed arrival and seed retention on adjacent tidal flats, which is key to marsh regeneration following wave‐driven lateral erosion. The results show that both the quantity and viability of the seeds transported toward adjacent tidal flats relate positively with the peak water level of each tide. Spring tides are more powerful in seed dispersal than neap tides, and storm‐induced extreme water levels can serve as “Window of Opportunity” that deliver disproportionately higher amounts of viable seeds than average conditions. Seed retention decreased with growing onshore wind speed. Storm‐induced strong wave disturbance can function as “Windows of Risk” that wipe out seeds on tidal flats at wind‐exposed marshes. This study highlights the importance of variability in tides and winds for regulating the potential of seed‐based marsh recovery on adjacent tidal flats and thus their resilience to lateral degradation. These findings are relevant for assessing the long‐term marsh stability and sustainability of nature‐based coastal defenses with saltmarshes under global environmental changes.
Ultralow‐Loss Silicon Photonics beyond the Singlemode Regime
Authors: Zhang Long , Hong Shihan , Wang Yi , Yan Hao , Xie Yiwei , Chen Tangnan , Zhang Ming , Yu Zejie , Shi Yaocheng , Liu Liu , Dai Daoxin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSilicon photonics beyond the singlemode regime is applied for enabling ultralow‐loss waveguide propagation for the fundamental mode even without any special fabrication process. Here a micro‐racetrack resonator is fabricated with a standard 220‐nm‐SOI (silicon‐on‐insulator) multiproject‐wafer foundry and shows a record high intrinsic quality factor of 1.02×107, corresponding to an ultralow propagation loss of only 0.065 dB cm−1, which is about 20 times less than that of regular 450‐nm‐wide waveguides on the same chip. A state‐of‐the‐art microwave photonic filter on silicon is then realized with an ultranarrow 3‐dB bandwidth of 20.6 MHz and a tuning range of ≈20 GHz for the first time. A 100‐cm‐long delayline employed the broadened waveguides is also demonstrated with compact 90° Euler‐curve bends, and the measured average propagation loss is about 0.14 dB cm−1. The concept of silicon photonics beyond the singlemode regime helps solve the issue of high propagation loss significantly. In particular, it enables silicon photonic devices with enhanced performances, which paves the way for realizing large‐scale silicon photonic integration. This concept can be extended further to any other material platforms, such as silicon nitride and lithium niobate. This also brings numerous new opportunities for various applications such as nonlinear photonics, large‐scale photonic integration, quantum photonics, microwave photonics, etc.
Wireless Communication Utilizing Berry‐Phase Carriers
Authors: Sun Zhiwei , Du Mingzhu , Xu Ruolei , Ma Xianchao , Liu Run , Gong Heling , Zhao Junming , Cao Hailin , Feng Yijun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOptical and microwave communication classically focus more on the magnitude manipulation of electromagnetic carriers. Recently, a multiplexing method utilizing orbital angular momentum (OAM) is developed, which has been an important study of communication art. Based on OAM multiplexing, a communication method that introduces Berry‐phase carriers is presented in this research, which can naturally eliminate the channel disturbance. To verify the proposed method, two information systems are presented, including a multiplexing communication system in a large‐scale scenario and a double‐helical information system in a microscale scenario. All the results are verified by the corresponding experiments. This method achieves some advanced performances, for instance, directional communication and self‐anti‐interference, which shows potential applications in areas such as information, materials, and bionics.
Engineered Raman Lasing in Photonic Integrated Chalcogenide Microresonators
Authors: Xia Di , Huang Yufei , Zhang Bin , Zeng Pingyang , Zhao Jiaxin , Yang Zelin , Sun Suwan , Luo Liyang , Hu Guiying , Liu Dong , Wang Zifu , Li Yufei , Guo Hairun , Li Zhaohui 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPhotonic integrated Raman lasers have extended the wavelength range of chip‐scale laser sources and have enabled applications including molecular spectroscopy, environmental analysis, and biological detection. Yet, the performance is strongly determined by the pumping condition and Raman shift value of nonlinear medias, leaving challenges to have a widely and continuously tunable Raman laser (e.g., over 100 nm). Here, photonic engineered Raman lasers based on chip‐integrated chalcogenide microresonators are demonstrated. The home‐developed chalcogenide photonic platform is of high nonlinearity, wide transparency, and low loss. The strong and broadband material Raman response has promised rich dynamics of Raman lasing. Indeed, both single‐mode Raman lasing and a broadband Raman‐Kerr comb, which are found engineered by tuning the dispersion of the chalcogenide microresonator, are demonstrated. The single‐mode Raman laser, together with its cascaded modes, supports a gap‐free tuning range over 140 nm, while the threshold power is as low as 3.25 mW. The results may contribute to the understanding of Raman and Kerr nonlinear interactions in dissipative and nonlinear microresonators, and on application aspect, may pave a way to integrated and efficient laser sources that is desired in spectroscopic applications in the infrared.
Dual‐band MIMO antenna decoupling using vias based multipath decoupling circuit
Authors: Singh Harsh Verdhan , Prasad D. Venkata Siva , Tripathi Shrivishal 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article offers a new decoupling circuit for isolation enhancement to decouple the dual‐band multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna in a compact dimension. In the design, a novel dual‐band vias‐based stub‐loaded multipath decoupling circuit is used which offers multipath decoupling using admittance parameters of the structure to enhance isolation. The vias position transforms the stub's behavior into a mix of inductive and capacitive behavior, and its diameter variation aids in isolation and frequency fine‐tuning. The proposed multipath decoupling circuit helps to achieve good isolation between the antenna element using a hybrid coupling. The projected MIMO antenna radiates at 2.29–2.51 GHz (Wi‐Fi) and 5.74–5.89 GHz (WLAN) bands simultaneously to validate the proposed decoupling circuit's effectiveness and demonstrate the design procedure. The decoupling circuit helps obtain the isolation more significant than 20 dB in each band than the initial 11 dB in the Wi‐Fi band and 14 dB in the WLAN band. Moreover, the proposed decoupling scheme can be helpful for the redesign of other multi‐band MIMO antennas applications. The excellent diversity performance, which makes this a suitable contender for advanced technological systems.