bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proximal Femur Responses to Sequential Therapy With Abaloparatide Followed by Alendronate in Postmenopausal Women With Osteoporosis by 3D Modeling of Hip Dual‐Energy X‐Ray Absorptiometry (DXA)
Authors: Winzenrieth Renaud , Kostenuik Paul , Boxberger John , Wang Yamei , Humbert Ludovic 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTPrevious subgroup analyses from the ACTIVE trial in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis (NCT01343004) using three‐dimensional (3D)‐processing of dual X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans indicated greater increases in total hip cortical volumetric bone mineral density (Ct.vBMD) and estimated indices of hip strength following 18 months of abaloparatide (ABL) versus placebo or teriparatide. The current post hoc analyses describe hip 3D‐DXA data for ACTIVExtend (NCT01657162), in which 18 months of ABL followed by 24 months of alendronate (ABL/ALN) increased hip and spine areal BMD (aBMD) and reduced fracture risk versus placebo (PBO) followed by ALN (PBO/ALN). In an ACTIVExtend subgroup (ABL/ALN, n = 204; PBO/ALN, n = 202), hip DXA scans retrospectively underwent 3D modeling via 3D‐Shaper software. Changes from baseline in cortical and trabecular compartments were calculated for total hip and hip subregions (femoral neck, trochanter, and shaft). Estimated strength indices comprising cross‐sectional moment of inertia, section modulus, and buckling ratio were calculated for each hip subregion. Correlations between bone turnover marker levels at the time of alendronate initiation and subsequent BMD gains with alendronate were also investigated within each group. Total hip trabecular and cortical 3D‐DXA parameters increased from baseline in both groups (all p < 0.001), with greater average increases for ABL/ALN versus PBO/ALN (trabecular vBMD: 10.87% versus 4.3%; cortical thickness: 2.32% versus 1.14%; Ct.vBMD: 3.41% versus 1.86%; cortical surface BMD: 5.82% versus 3.0%; all p < 0.001). Strength indices in the ABL/ALN group improved in all subregions versus baseline (all p < 0.0001) and versus PBO/ALN (all p < 0.02). In the ABL/ALN group, collagen type I N‐terminal propeptide (P1NP) levels at the time of alendronate initiation correlated with subsequent percent changes in all 3D‐DXA parameters with 24 months of alendronate therapy. In conclusion, sequential ABL/ALN or PBO/ALN treatment improves trabecular and cortical 3D‐DXA parameters at the hip, as well as strength indices of hip subregions, with greater increases with ABL/ALN versus PBO/ALN. © 2022 Radius Health, Inc. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Truncated dopamine transporter's epigenetics: Heterozigosity of the grandmother rat temperates the vulnerable phenotype in second‐generation offspring
Authors: Pepe Martina , Calcaprina Barbara , Vaquer Francesca , Laviola Giovanni , Adriani Walter 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBehavioral phenotype differs among epigenotypes of dopamine‐transporter heterozygous (DAT‐HET) rats. Epigenetic regulations act through transgenerational effects, referring to phenotypic variations emerging at second or third generation. To investigate transgenerational influences exerted by maternal grandmothers, we developed breeding schemes where only the genotype of maternal grandmothers varied. HET females, to serve as MAT vs. MIX mothers, were generated, respectively, from WT × KO = MAT and MAT × KO = MIX breeding, with KO males acting as grandfather. The HET experimental groups, generated from either MAT or MIX mothers, were called MIX‐by‐MAT and MIX2 (male‐fathers KO; asset‐M: wild/healthy‐allele from dam) or SOT and SIX (male‐fathers WT; asset‐P: mutated‐allele from dam). Thus, sequelae of first encounter between wild/healthy and mutated DAT alleles (in maternal‐lineage) were compared at first‐ (MAT‐dam, WT‐grandmother) vs. at second‐ (MIX‐dam, HET‐grandmother) generation. We characterized, within these epigenotypes, (1) circadian home‐cage activity and (2) preference for social stimuli. Marked alterations of circadian activity appeared in MIX‐by‐MAT HETs, offspring of MAT‐dams, compared with MIX2 HET (offspring of MIX‐dams); The latter, in turn, were undistinguishable from WT‐controls. A clear‐cut social preference by WT rats was expressed towards SIX compared with SOT stimulus rats, confirming that the latter elicited reduced social motivations. In conclusion, significant epigenetic modulations took place in DAT‐HET rats, as a function of maternal grandmother's genotype.
Soft TQM, agility, and knowledge management deliver organizational performance: A study of Malaysian manufacturing organizations in the electrical and electronics sector
Authors: Ong Eu Chin , Tan Cheng Ling 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe research aims to determine how organizational performance is increased when soft TQM, agility, and knowledge management are aligned. It employs a model constructed from a literature review, and an empirical study conducted amongst electrical and electronics manufacturers in Malaysia. Soft TQM was found to have no significant direct relationship with organizational performance, but had a strong relationship when mediated by knowledge management. This relationship was further strengthened by the mediation of both agility and knowledge management. The empirical findings validate recent conceptual models of enablers of organizational performance, as well as contributing to the body of knowledge concerning the knowledge‐based view of the firm, and the view of the firm as an epistemic community. In addition, the study identifies factors that should be considered when implementing soft TQM, agile practices, and knowledge management in an organization.
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Variability after Adenotonsillectomy in Childhood Sleep Apnea
Authors: Kang Kun‐Tai , Chiu Shuenn‐Nan , Weng Wen‐Chin , Lee Pei‐Lin , Hsu Wei‐Chung 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of adenotonsillectomy (T&A) on ambulatory blood pressure (BP) variability in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).Study DesignProspective, interventional study.MethodsChildren with OSA symptoms were recruited from a tertiary center. After OSA diagnosis was confirmed (ie, apnea‐hypopnea index [AHI] > 1), these children underwent T&A for treatment. We performed polysomnography and 24‐hour recordings of ambulatory BP before and 3 to 6 months postoperatively. Ambulatory BP variability was presented as the standard deviation of mean blood pressure in the 24‐hour monitoring of ambulatory BP. Differences in BP variability among different subgroups were tested using a multivariable linear mixed model.ResultsA total of 190 children were enrolled (mean age: 7.8 ± 3.3 years; 73% were boys; 34% were obese). The AHI significantly decreased from 12.3 ± 17.0 to 2.7 ± 5.5 events/hr after T&A. Overall, daytime, and nighttime ambulatory BP did not significantly change postoperatively, and overall, daytime, and nighttime ambulatory BP variability did not differ significantly preoperatively and postoperatively. In the subgroup analysis, children aged <6 years demonstrated a significantly greater decrease in ambulatory BP variability postoperatively than those aged >6 years (nighttime diastolic BP variability: 9.9 to 7.7 vs. 8.9 to 9.4). Children with hypertension also showed a significantly greater decrease in ambulatory BP variability than those without hypertension.ConclusionsWe concluded that overall ambulatory BP variability does not significantly change after T&A in children with OSA. Moreover, young‐aged and hypertensive children demonstrate a significant decrease in BP variability after T&A.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 132:2491–2497, 2022
Understanding the spatiotemporal patterns of seasonal, annual, and consecutive farmland abandonment in China with time‐series MODIS images during the period 2005–2019
Authors: Li Le , Pan Yaozhong , Zheng Rongbao , Liu Xiaoping 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFarmland abandonment has substantial impacts on the environment, and its impacts vary with the duration of farmland abandonment. While consecutive and annual farmland abandonment (AFA) has been extensively studied, there is a need to investigate the spatiotemporal variation in seasonal farmland abandonment (SFA), particularly in areas where multiple‐cropping practices are applied. In this study, we propose a method to monitor different types of farmland abandonment, such as SFA, AFA, and consecutive farmland abandonment (CFA), with time‐series remote sensing data. The spatiotemporal pattern of farmland abandonment in mainland China from 2005 to 2019 was derived from time‐series MODIS images. The overall accuracy for AFA maps was 79%–86% by comparing with MCD12Q1, and around 70% by comparing with China's Land Use/Cover Datasets. The results indicated that the total abandoned cultivable lands accounted for nearly 20% of the total cultivable lands and that SFA accounted for over 50% of the total abandoned cultivable lands in China. The total abandoned cultivable lands and total abandoned cultivable areas in mainland China did not change significantly across the study period. Moreover, the frequency of SFA gradually increased during the study period, and the frequency of CFA gradually decreased. Our study highlights that SFA accounts for a considerable proportion of the abandoned cultivable land in mainland China. SFA should be considered in related studies, as it could be a dominant type of farmland abandonment in areas where multiple cropping is practiced.
Clinical characteristics of patients with CRSwNP with intensely high eosinophil level
Authors: Ma Ling , Shi Jianbo , Wang Kanghua , Sun Yueqi , Xu Rui 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundHigh tissue and blood eosinophils are linked to poor treatment outcome in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). However, the difference between the patients with different level of blood or tissue eosinophilia in relation to disease control is still lacking.ObjectivesThis study aimed to characterize patients with CRSwNP with intensely high eosinophil level.MethodsA retrospective study of CRSwNP patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgery was conducted. The patients were subdivided with various cut‐off values of blood and tissue eosinophils. Tissue eosinophils of ≥50% and 10%–20% were defined as intensely high tissue eosinophils (IH‐tissue‐eos) and high tissue eosinophils (H‐tissue‐eos), respectively. Blood eosinophils of ≥0.6 × 109/L and 0.2 × 109/L–0.3 × 109/L were defined as intensely high blood eosinophils (IH‐blood‐eos) and high blood eosinophils (H‐blood‐eos). Clinical characteristics, Lund‐Mackay score (LMS), and disease control status were compared between subgroups.ResultsA total of 302 patients were enrolled. There was a trend toward a higher rate of uncontrolled disease when the patients subdivided by blood eosinophil cut‐off values ranged from 0.1 × 109/L to 0.6 × 109/L. The controlled patients accounted for 27%, 36%, 22%, and 31%, and the uncontrolled patients 46%, 32%, 52%, and 31% of patients in IH‐tissue‐eos, H‐tissue‐eos, IH‐blood‐eos, and H‐blood‐eos subgroup, respectively. The percentages of patients in the three categories of control were not significantly different between IH‐tissue‐eos and H‐tissue‐eos subgroups. By contrast, the IH‐blood‐eos subgroup had higher percentages of current smoker and asthma, preoperative LMS and tissue eosinophil percentage, and showed a trend toward a higher rate of uncontrolled subjects compare with the H‐blood‐eos subgroup.ConclusionCRSwNP patients with IH‐blood‐eos (≥0.6 × 109/L) may be possibly associated with a poorer disease control than those with levels near the threshold of blood eosinophilia (0.2 × 109/L–0.3 × 109/L). Further larger, preferably prospective studies are needed to confirm this relationship.Level of Evidence: 4.
Nearly Perfect Transmission and Transformation of Entangled States in Topologically Protected Channels
Authors: Wang Bo , Tang Zan , Chen Tian , Zhang Xiangdong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRealization of robust transmission and transformation of entangled states with high fidelity is crucial for the applications in quantum information, computing, and communications. However, it is hard to achieve currently because of scattering loss and disorder. Here, an inverse‐design scheme is theoretically proposed and experimentally demonstrated to realize nearly perfect transmission and transformation of entangled photon states. The scheme is based on the determination of the transmission and transformation properties of entangled states, which depends on the overlap integrals among the initial states, eigenmodes of the system and target states. Thus, topologically protected channels are designed according to the requirements for the overlap integrals of these states. As a result, robust transmission and transformation of entangled states are achieved with high fidelity. The proposed scheme has been demonstrated experimentally using the constructed quantum walk platform. This work interconnects topology, quantum physics, and inverse design, and opens up a new avenue for quantum engineering.
Noise‐like pulse generation with tungsten trioxide/polydimethylsiloxane‐clad microfiber saturable absorber
Authors: Abdul Hadi Muhamad Amir Waliuddin , Muhammad Farah Diana , Mohd Yusoff Norita , Alresheedi Mohammed Thamer , Goh Chee Seong , Mahdi Mohd Adzir 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe report the formation of noise‐like pulse (NLP) with tungsten trioxide/polydimethylsiloxane‐clad microfiber saturable absorber integrated in a ring‐cavity erbium‐doped fiber laser. The NLP operation was confirmed by the presence of a coherence spike on top of a broad pedestal in the autocorrelation trace, with the measured pulse width value of 410 fs and 3.56 ps respectively. By increasing the pump power from the mode‐locking threshold of 280–3300 mW, the spectral bandwidth was stretched from 22.3 to 22.8 nm, while the output power increased from to 1.9 to 24.3 mW. The maximum pulse energy of 3.5 nJ was generated at a repetition rate of 7 MHz. The signal‐to‐noise ratio was measured to be 53.8 dB, which indicated a good stability of pulse laser.
Paediatric nurses' burnout and perceived health: The moderating effect of the common work‐shift
Authors: Khatatbeh Haitham , Hammoud Sahar , Khatatbeh Moawiah , Oláh András , Pakai Annamária 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to: (1) explore the relationship between paediatric nurses' burnout, perceived health and common work‐shift, (2) examine the moderating effect of the common work‐shift on the relationship between paediatric nurses' burnout and perceived health, (3) compare burnout and perceived health between paediatric nurses working on day shifts and night/alternate shifts.DesignA cross‐sectional, correlational design was used in this study.MethodsA convenient sample of 225 paediatric nurses was selected from nine hospitals in Jordan. Participants were surveyed using a self‐administered questionnaire.ResultsThe perceived health correlated negatively with paediatric nurses' burnout and their common work‐shift. Also, nurses' burnout and common work‐shift were significantly correlated. The common work‐shift moderated the relationship between paediatric nurses' burnout and their health. To control the impact of paediatric nurses' burnout on their health, the ratio of the night‐to‐day shifts should be observed and balanced.
Electro‐responsive shape‐memory composites obtained via dual‐curing processing
Authors: Russo Claudio , Ramírez José Luis , Fernández‐Francos Xavier , De la Flor Silvia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this work, electro‐responsive shape‐memory actuators were developed by incorporating a conductive heater in a dual‐curing thiol‐acrylate‐epoxy shape‐memory polymer (SMP). A conductive heater, consisting of an electrically conductive silver‐ink track printed on Kapton® substrate, was assembled to the SMP, taking advantage of the dual‐curing processing. The shape‐memory effect (SME) was activated by the heat dissipated by the Joule effect in the conductive track. Boron nitride agglomerates were dispersed in the thiol‐acrylate‐epoxy layers to increase thermal conductivity and achieve faster shape‐recovery. A thermoelectric control unit was developed to control the shape recovery of the electro‐responsive actuators and provide different activation strategies. The electrically activated SME was investigated and compared to a traditional SME based on an external heating source given by the dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) apparatus. Electro‐responsive actuators were found extremely faster than the conventional SMPs based on external heating. The fastest recovery was obtained by the 15% boron nitride actuator, which recovered the 100% of the original shape in only 8 s. The thermoelectric controlling device provided an optimal control of the shape recovery speed based on the pulse width modulation of the heating current under the application of a low voltage (5 V).
Heat insulation and ablation resistance performance of continuous fiber reinforced composites with integrated gradient fabric
Authors: Li Weijie , Zhang Zhongwei , Zhu Mengdie , Zhang Jun , Dong Zhichao , Huang Haiming , Liang Jun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe continuous fiber reinforced porous resin‐based composites with integrated gradient fabric (CPIGF) were successfully prepared. From the bottom to the top surface, the fiber volume fraction of the integrated fabric gradually increased, as well as the fabric architecture changed, meanwhile the porosity of the resin gradually decreased. The temperature in the inner composite increased quite slowly during ablation, and the linear ablation rate ranged from 0.019 mm/s to 0.029 mm/s. The simulation results showed that the good heat insulation capacity of CPIGFs was attributed to the anisotropy properties of the fabric architecture. The microstructure analysis showed that the good ablation resistance came from both the thermal expansion of the integrated gradient fabric and the densification of the zone with 3D orthogonal woven fabric. This work is helpful for designing thermal protection materials having both heat insulation and ablation resistance for hypersonic aircrafts.
Synthesis and characterization of polybenzoxazine/silica‐based hybrid nanostructures for flame retardancy applications
Authors: Forchetti Casarino Agustin , Casis Natalia , Estenoz Diana Alejandra , Spontón Marisa Elisabet 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study is to develop polybenzoxazine‐silica nanocomposite systems endowed with greater thermal and fire performance. For this purpose, the 3‐aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and bisphenol A‐based benzoxazine (BA‐3aptms) was synthesized. Also, smooth and spherical silica nanoparticles of 50 nm size were prepared following the Stöber's method. The influence of the nanoparticle size and geometry on the properties (laminar morphology, thermal, dynamic‐mechanical, hydrophobicity, and flame retardancy) of the polybenzoxazine/polysilsesquioxane material was investigated. Also, nanocomposites from the conventional benzoxazine (BA‐a) and SiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized for comparative purposes. The addition of nanoparticles in both polybenzoxazines improved the mechanical, thermal and flammability properties. Likewise, the presence of these nanoparticles conferred to the material a more hydrophobic surface (contact angle around 95°). Particularly, the Pr(BA‐3aptms)/NP nanocomposites presented better properties than the BA‐a‐based systems, due to the presence of laminar‐oriented polysilsesquioxane networks chemically bonded to the silica nanoparticles at nanoscale.
Application of a high‐resolution in vitro human MDR1‐MDCK assay and in vivo studies in preclinical species to improve prediction of CNS drug penetration
Authors: Jiang Licong , Kumar Sanjeev , Nuechterlein Marc , Reyes Marissa , Tran Dao , Cabebe Clifford , Chiang Peggy , Reynolds James , Carrier Scott , Sun Yongkai , Eddershaw Peter , Hay Tanya , Chen Weichao , Feng Bo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractP‐glycoprotein (P‐gp, MDR1) is expressed at the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and restricts penetration of its substrates into the central nervous system (CNS). In vitro MDR1 assays are frequently used to predict the in vivo relevance of MDR1‐mediated efflux at the BBB. It has been well established that drug candidates with high MDR1 efflux ratios (ERs) display poor CNS penetration. Following a comparison of MDR1 transporter function between the MDR1‐MDCKI cell line from National Institutes of Health (NIH) and our internal MDR1‐MDCKII cell line, the former was found to provide better predictions of in vivo brain penetration than our in‐house MDR1‐MDCKII cell line. In particular, the NIH MDR1 assay has an improved sensitivity to differentiate the compounds with ERs of <3 in our internal cell line and is able to reduce the risk of false negatives. A better correlation between NIH MDR1 ERs and brain penetration in rat and non‐human primate (NHP) was demonstrated. Additionally, a comparison of brain penetration time course of MDR1 substrates and an MDR1 non‐substrate in NHP demonstrated that MDR1 interaction can delay the time to equilibrium of drug concentration in the brain with plasma. It is recommended to select highly permeable compounds without MDR1 interaction for rapid brain penetration to produce the maximal pharmacological effect in the CNS with a quicker onset.
Resveratrol alleviates aluminum‐induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in mice
Authors: Hao Wudi , Zhu Xiaoying , Liu Ziyue , Song Yushuai , Wu Shengwen , Lu Xiaobo , Yang Jinghua , Jin Cuihong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundAluminum is mainly exposed to the general population through food and water, and is absorbed into the systemic circulation through intestine, which in turn damages the intestinal barrier.MethodsThe mice model of subchronic exposure to aluminum chloride (AlCl3) was established via oral. Tail suspension test was used to detect depressive behavior. H&E staining was performed to assess pathological intestinal injury. Intestinal permeability was estimated by exogenous Evans blue content. The level of inflammatory cytokines and tight junction protein were assessed via ELISA and western blotting. Simultaneously, resveratrol (Rsv, an agonist of Sirt1) was evaluated the protective role against intestinal barrier injuries caused by aluminum exposure.ResultsOur results showed that AlCl3 induced depressive‐like behavior, intestinal pathological damage and intestinal barrier permeability, resulting in intestinal barrier dysfunction. Besides, aluminum induced the expression of inflammatory cytokines, which further triggered IRF8‐MMP9‐mediated downregulation of tight junction proteins including CLD1, OCLD and ZO‐1. After Rsv treatment, SIRT1 expression was increased, depressive symptom was improved, pathological injury was reduced, inflammatory reaction was alleviated, and intestinal barrier function restored.ConclusionOur findings revealed that aluminum exposure induced intestinal barrier dysfunction by IRF8‐MMP9 signaling pathway. Rsv alleviated these injuries via activating SIRT1.