bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative study of chitosan derivatives through CoM‐polynomial
Authors: Shanmukha M. C. , Usha A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMost abundant polysaccharides having numerous applications in biopolymers, bioscience and other fields are chitin and chitosan. Hydrogels are their derivatives, widely used in biomedical applications. Other applications include adsorbent of metals and dyes from industrial wastes. Hydrogels based chitosan is used in drugs and proteins in pharmaceutical fields. This work mainly focuses on the polysaccharides such as, chitosan and its derivatives, whose chemical structure is modeled as a chemical graph and the data regarding edge and vertex partitioning are studied. In this work, using non‐adjacent pairing of vertices approach, their polynomials are determined for various topological coindices for the polysaccharides chitosan and their chemical derivatives. These polynomials are termed CoM‐polynomials, extension of M‐polynomials for non‐adjacent vertices. Topological coindices are the real numbers, representing the molecular structure of the chemical compound whose physicochemical characteristics can be studied that relates Quantitative Structure Property Relationship/Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSPR/QSAR) investigations. CoM‐polynomials are computed for the derivatives of chitosan such as alpha, beta and gamma chitin. CoM‐polynomials of 11 degree‐based topological coindices are determined and are compared for the derivatives of chitosan.
A dramatic course after the resection of an SMARCA4‐deficient undifferentiated tumour
Authors: Iguchi Takafumi , Mizuguchi Shinjiro , Chung Kyukwang , Nakajima Ryu , Takahama Makoto 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThoracic SMARCA4‐deficient undifferentiated tumours are ordinarily found as a huge mass with systemic metastasis, and the prognosis is poor. The potential of immunotherapy for these unresectable tumours has been reported. An asymptomatic 68‐year‐old man with a smoking history had a left lung mass without distant metastasis and underwent complete resection. Two months after surgery, with no adjuvant therapy, he developed multiple distant metastases with aphasia and died 4 months after surgery. Adjuvant treatment may be necessary with immune checkpoint inhibitors, with a closer follow‐up to detect recurrence without symptoms.
Reproductive health perspectives of young women with perinatally and behaviourally acquired HIV: A qualitative study
Authors: Comfort Lizelle , Watnick Dana , Peskin Melissa , Gutierrez Julie , Abadi Jacob , Atrio Jessica 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study was to describe the sexual and reproductive goals of female adolescents with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in an urban cohort and decipher if they vary depending on the mode of HIV acquisition.MethodsWe conducted in‐depth qualitative interviews with 25 Black and/or Hispanic/Latinx female adolescents living with HIV (14 perinatally, 11 behaviourally acquired) aged 17–25 years who have access to care and antiretroviral therapy at an urban public hospitals (NYC, NY). Interviews were transcribed, coded and analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsInterviews demonstrated that access to antiretroviral therapy and HIV disclosure to a sexual partner were critical aspects of sexual health for the majority of participants. Persons with perinatal HIV defined motherhood as a source of self‐validation and were confident that antiretroviral therapy prevents HIV transmission. Persons with behaviourally acquired HIV viewed their status as an insurmountable barrier that will prevent them from attaining sexual intimacy with a partner and expressed persistent concerns about HIV transmission during pregnancy despite reassurance from medical providers.ConclusionSexual and reproductive perspectives of adolescents/young women living with HIV are multifactorial, highly stigmatized, and likely influenced by the mode of HIV acquisition. This population may benefit from patient‐centred care models, including sexual health counselling that addresses sexual agency, intimacy, parenting and transmission risk reduction.
Light Emission Enhancement of a ZnO/TAZ Heterostructure Piezo‐OLED by Means of a Piezo‐Phototronic Effect
Authors: Sun Li , Sun Nan , Li Tianyu , Jiang Chengming 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPressure sensing simulation using high resolution electronics is important in future robot and human‐computer interactions. In this research, we prove that the two‐dimensional distribution of strain can be mapped using an array of piezoelectric organic light‐emitting diode (piezo‐OLED) pressure sensors. Each dot is made up of a piezo‐ZnO/TAZ OLED, whose emission intensity is determined by the local strain with piezoelectric photoelectric effect. Reading out the electroluminescence signal with a temporal resolution of 100 ms produces the pressure intensity. Individuality signature and artificial skin technology for optical MEMS and bioimaging can benefit from the device‘s ability to digitally image mechanical impulses via optical methods.
Graphene Quantum Dots – Hydrothermal Green Synthesis, Material Characterization and Prospects for Cervical Cancer Diagnosis Applications: A Review
Authors: Suresh Raghavv Raghavender , Kulandaisamy Arockia Jayalatha , Nesakumar Noel , Nagarajan Saisubramanian , Lee Jung Heon , Rayappan John Bosco Balaguru 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGraphene Quantum Dots (GQDs) have attracted significant attention and applications in the field of biosensors, particularly for early detection of cervical cancer, due to their excellent electrochemical, optical, and biocompatibility properties. In this review, recent results on green methods for the synthesis of GQDs as well as their characterization techniques are discussed, with particular emphasis on structural, morphological, elemental, optical, and functional group analysis. In addition, a comprehensive overview of how the electrochemical and biocompatibility properties of GQDs enable their use in the development of sensing elements for biosensing applications is presented. This paper also highlights the most recent developments in the fabrication of GQDs‐based biosensors for cervical cancer detection. Finally, the future prospects are critically discussed to assist researchers in identifying the shortcomings of the existing biosensors and establishing new methods centered on the development of unique, efficient, sensitive and selective GQDs‐based biosensors.
Nanoporous Gold Ring‐Integrated Photothermal Intraocular Lens for Active Prevention of Posterior Capsular Opacification
Authors: Liu Dong , Wu Qianni , Chen Wan , Chen Kexin , Lin Haotian , Liu Fanmao , Xie Xi , Chen Hui‐jiuan , Chen Weirong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPosterior capsular opacification (PCO) is the leading complication after cataract surgery, and is mainly induced by the proliferation and migration of residual lens epithelial cells (LECs). Although numerous attempts have been made to reduce the incidence of PCO, this complication remains a critical challenge in postoperative visual recovery. This study aims to report a functionalized intraocular lens (R‐IOL) with a region‐confined photothermal effect for the active prevention of PCO after implantation. The outer rim of R‐IOL (non‐optical area) is decorated with a nanoporous gold (NPG) ring, which can effectively eliminate the LECs around R‐IOL, ultimately inhibiting the migration of LECs from the periphery to the visual axis center in the initial stage, and preventing the subsequent PCO. Furthermore, the mechanism of LECs elimination can be attributed to apoptosis induced by mild photothermal therapy. After in vivo implantation for 30 days, PCO is rarely observed in the R‐IOL group, whereas the considerably higher incidence of PCO (75%) is found in the pristine IOL (P‐IOL) group. The region‐confined photothermal effect based on NPG not only provides an active strategy to effectively prevent PCO, but also introduces new opportunities for the treatment of undesirable hyperplasia.
A systematized and chemometrics‐assisted liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry method for quantification of aripiprazole in implantable microparticles in rat plasma from pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Rub Rehan A. , Panda Sagar Suman , Panda Sunil K , Almalki Waleed H. , Alrobaian Majed , Hafeez Abdul , Rahman Mahfoozur , Beg Sarwar , Ali Asgar , Ahmed Farhan J 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe present research focuses on the systematic development of an analytical method for estimating aripiprazole in rat plasma using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry technique. Propranolol was the selected internal standard for this purpose. The reversed‐phase method was developed using ammonium acetate (2 mM) in water containing 0.1% v/v formic acid and acetonitrile with 0.1% v/v formic acid in a ratio of 20:80 v/v as the mobile phase with isocratic elution on an Acquity BEH C18 column (2.1 × 100 mm2, particle size 1.7 μm). The analyte and internal standard detection were performed under multiple reaction monitoring modes with precursor‐to‐product ion transition with a value of m/z 448.2 → 285.1 for aripiprazole and m/z 260.1 → 116.0 for the internal standard. Method linearity was observed in a concentration ranging between 0.1 and 50 ng/ml with a correlation coefficient of 0.9999, while a lower limit of quantification was observed at 0.1 ng/ml. The robustness was optimized with the mapping of the influential variables by experimental design for maximum recovery of drug from rat plasma during the pharmacokinetic evaluation of aripiprazole after intramuscular administration of microparticles.
Nutraceutical Properties of Unripe Banana Flour Resistant Starch: A Review
Authors: Dibakoane Siphosethu Richard , Du Plessis Belinda , Da Silva Laura Suzanne , Anyasi Tonna Ashim , Emmambux Mohammad Naushad , Mlambo Victor , Wokadala Obiro Cuthbert 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe present review provides a comprehensive discussion of the prebiotic, anti‐diabetic, anti‐colorectal cancer, and anti‐cardiovascular disease effects of unripe banana flour resistant starch (BFRS). Unripe banana flour is considered a useful ingredient in the food industry because it has high levels of resistant starch (up to 68% w/w). The beneficial effects of BFRS against diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and colorectal cancer emanate from its resistance to hydrolysis and propensity to escape digestion in the upper‐gastrointestinal tract, which delays glucose absorption and increases the concentration of colonic short‐chain fatty acids (acetate, propionate, and butyrate). Therefore, BFRS can be recommended as an alternative functional ingredient in food products. However, more in vivo studies with BFRS should be conducted to ascertain the mechanisms that underly its beneficial effects and associated changes in the gut microbiome. The influence of other food product ingredients and food processing on BFRS efficacy and targeted production of specific short‐chain fatty acids in the colon, needs to be investigated to optimize its application.
Changes and Formation of Residual Starch in Zaopei during the Fermentation Process of Strong‐Flavor Baijiu
Authors: Zong Xuyan , Wen Lei , Diao Chong , Wang Yanting , Li Li 
Published: July 2022

AbstractChanges in the content and morphology of residual starch in Zaopei during strong‐flavor Baijiu fermentation are investigated. The results show that the residual starch content increases through the Baijiu production and that the residual starch content of distiller's grains (DGS) is the highest (76.35%). The crystalline structure of starch changes from A‐type (raw grain starch) to B + V‐type (Zaopei, Hongzao, Mianzao, DGS). The upper Zaopei starch has the typical diffraction peaks of B + V‐type (7.4°, 12.8°, 14.9°, 19.7°, 19.6°, 26.6°) and retains the typical diffraction peaks of A‐type (17.0°, 22.2°). The intermediate and bottom Zaopei starch has the typical diffraction peaks of B + V‐type (7.4°, 12.8°, 16.9°, 19.7°, 20.7°, 26.6°) and loses the typical diffraction peaks of A‐type. With the progression of Baijiu production, the gelatinization temperature and enthalpy of starch increase, while the water‐holding capacity, freeze‐thaw stability, solubility, and swelling power decrease. The above results show that the starch complex is the primary form of residual starch in strong‐flavor Baijiu.
Super learner machine‐learning algorithms for compressive strength prediction of high performance concrete
Authors: Lee Seunghye , Nguyen Ngoc‐Hien , Karamanli Armagan , Lee Jaehong , Vo Thuc P. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBecause the proportion between the compressive strength of high‐performance concrete (HPC) and its composition is highly nonlinear, more advanced regression methods are demanded to obtain better results. Super learner models, which are based on several ensemble methods including random forest regression (RFR), an adaptive boosting (AdaBoost), gradient boosting machine (GBM), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM), categorical gradient Boosting (CatBoost), are used to solve this complicated problem. A grid search method is employed to determine the best set of hyper‐parameters of each ensemble algorithm. Two super learner models, which combine all six models or select the top three effective ones as the base learners, are then proposed to develop an accurate approach to estimate the compressive strength of HPC. The results on four popular datasets show significant improvement of the proposed super learner models in terms of prediction accuracy. It also reveals that their trained models always perform better than other methods since their errors (MAE, MSE, RMSE) are always much lower and values of R2 are higher than those of the previous studies. The proposed super learner models can be used to provide a reliable tool for mixture design optimization of the HPC.
Optimization of the removal of chromium and lead by Penicillium chrysogenum using 2k factorial experiments
Authors: Malkoc Semra , Yazici Berna , Gürsel Ceren , Dikmen Sedef 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study aims to prepare a low‐cost, environmentally friendly, and alternative, biosorbent to remove chromium Cr (III) and lead Pb (II) from polluted water and to find out the highest removal efficiencies using 2k factorial experiments. The Cr (III) and Pb (II) tolerant fungal strain identified as Penicillium chrysogenum was isolated from ceramic industrial sludge. The impact of process variables on biosorption of Cr (III) and Pb (II) by P. chrysogenum was first evaluated with the Taguchi screening design. Factors and levels were determined to optimize Cr (III) and Pb (II) removal efficiency. According to this, five factors; initial concentration, pH, biosorbent dose, temperature, and inactivation methods were determined for both metals, each factor defined as a fixed factor with two levels. Optimization of the parameters affecting the removal process was determined by the Taguchi method and the signal‐to‐noise (S/N) ratios are calculated. The maximum removal efficiency (99.92%) was observed at pH 7, biosorbent 1 mg L–1, inactivation with autoclaving, and at 20°C with an initial metal concentration of 50 mg L–1 Cr (III). On the other hand, the maximum removal efficiency (98.99%) was observed at pH 4, biosorbent 5 mg L–1, inactivation with autoclaving, and at 20°C with an initial metal concentration of 50 mg L–1 Pb (II). Furthermore, metal ions removal by P. chrysogenum was also confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with an energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometer (EDS). The presence of functional groups on fungal cells of metal binding was investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR).
Building Critical Reading and Critical Literacy With Picturebook Analysis
Authors: Wells Melissa Summer , Morrison Jennifer D. , López‐Robertson Julia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThrough juxtaposing images and text, picturebooks have the unique power to facilitate critical reading and critical literacy. This article presents three analytical approaches to develop critical reading and critical literacy skills through picturebooks: (1) critically analyzing broad representation, (2) critical visual analysis, and (3) analyzing voices and perspectives in picturebooks. Through approaches like these, teachers can use picturebooks to craft critical classrooms.
Correspondence between theory and practice of a Beerkan infiltration experiment
Authors: Bagarello Vincenzo , Dohnal Michal , Iovino Massimo , Lai Jianbin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Beerkan infiltration experiment is carried out by inserting the ring a short depth into the soil and establishing a positive head of water on the infiltration surface for at least a part of the run. Nevertheless, the data are analyzed by assuming a fully unconfined infiltration process (ring insertion depth, d = 0 cm) and a null ponded depth of water (H = 0 cm). The influence of ring insertion and ponded water on an infiltration process of 2 h sampled every minute was tested in this numerical investigation. Five soils varying from sand to silt loam, three ring radii (5–15 cm), and the Beerkan‐specific range of values for both d and H (between 0 and 1 cm) were considered. The differences between the theoretical (d = H = 0 cm) and the practical (d = H = 1 cm) setups varied from −10.4 to +8.6% for the mean infiltration rate and from −10.2 to +8.3% for the final cumulative infiltration. These differences were small, and they decreased in absolute value by considering a soil‐dependent ring radius. In particular, nearly negligible differences were detected using a small ring in coarse‐textured soils and a large ring in fine‐textured soils. In the coarser soils, inserting the ring and establishing a ponded depth of water did not alter the estimated coefficients of the two‐parameter infiltration model appreciably with the cumulative linearization method, because these coefficients differed between the theoretical and practical setups by no more than 9.2%. In fine soils, linearization could not be possible regardless of the considered setup, or it was the use of d = H = 1 cm instead of d = H = 0 cm that impeded a convincing linearization of the data. In conclusion, the good correspondence, in many circumstances, between the theoretical and the practical Beerkan infiltration experiment reinforced the interest in this simple experiment as a practical means to collect infiltration data in the field.
Robust regression using probabilistically linked data
Authors: Chambers Raymond L. , Fabrizi Enrico , Ranalli Maria Giovanna , Salvati Nicola , Wang Suojin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThere is growing interest in a data integration approach to survey sampling, particularly where population registers are linked for sampling and subsequent analysis. The reason for doing this is simple: it is only by linking the same individuals in the different sources that it becomes possible to create a data set suitable for analysis. But data linkage is not error free. Many linkages are nondeterministic, based on how likely a linking decision corresponds to a correct match, that is, it brings together the same individual in all sources. High quality linking will ensure that the probability of this happening is high. Analysis of the linked data should take account of this additional source of error when this is not the case. This is especially true for secondary analysis carried out without access to the linking information, that is, the often confidential data that agencies use in their record matching. We describe an inferential framework that allows for linkage errors when sampling from linked registers. After first reviewing current research activity in this area, we focus on secondary analysis and linear regression modeling, including the important special case of estimation of subpopulation and small area means. In doing so we consider both robustness and efficiency of the resulting linked data inferences.This article is categorized under:
Algorithms and Computational Methods > Maximum Likelihood Methods
Statistical Learning and Exploratory Methods of the Data Sciences > Modeling Methods
Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Multivariate Analysis
Outcome of Stroke Patients with Unknown Onset and Unknown Time Last Known Well Undergoing Endovascular Therapy
Authors: Stösser Sebastian , Bode Felix J. , Meissner Julius N. , Weller Johannes M. , Kindler Christine , Sauer Malte , Paech Daniel , Riegler Christoph , Nolte Christian H. , Pourian Amitis , Röther Joachim , Selo Nadja , Ernemann Ulrike , Poli Sven , Eckert Rosa Marie , Bohner Georg , Scherling Korbinian , Dorn Franziska , Petzold Gabor C. ,   GSR-ET study group
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Endovascular treatment (ET) in patients with large vessel occlusion stroke (LVOS) with unknown onset or an extended time window can be safe and effective if patients are selected by defined clinical and imaging criteria; however, it is unclear if these criteria should also be applied to patients with unknown onset and unknown time last known well. In this study, we aimed to assess whether absent information on the time patients were last known to be well impacts outcome in patients with unknown onset LVOS.

Methods
We analyzed patients who were enrolled in the German Stroke Registry-Endovascular Treatment between 2015 and 2019. Patients with unknown onset and unknown time last known well (LKWu) were compared to patients with known onset (KO) and to patients with unknown onset but known time last known well (LKWk) regarding clinical and imaging baseline characteristics and outcome.

Results
Out of 5909 patients, 561 presented with LKWu (9.5%), 1849 with LKWk (31.3%) and 3499 with KO (59.2%). At 90 days, functional independency was less frequent in LKWu (27.0%) compared to KO (42.6%) and LKWk patients (31.8%). These differences were not significant after adjusting for confounders. A main confounder was the initial Alberta stroke program early CT score.

Conclusion
The LKWu patients had a similar outcome after ET as KO and LKWk patients after adjusting for confounders. Thus, ET should not be withheld if the time last known well is unknown. Instead, LKWu patients may be selected for ET using the same criteria as in LKWk patients.