bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological analysis of a local tissue response to subcutaneously implanted acellular dermal matrix fragments
Authors: Melkonyan K. I. , Verevkin A. A. , Sotnichenko A. S. , Rusinova T. V. , Kozmai Ya. A. , Asyakina A. S. , Kartashevskaya M. I. , Gurevich K. G. , Bykov I. M. 
Published: July 2022

Acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) are gaining popularity as surgical materials for operations on the pelvic organs, as well as in burn therapy and plastic surgery. Evaluation of the biocompatibility of surgical materials is an important and necessary step in the development of new ADMs.The aim of the study was to compare the results of subcutaneous implantation of ADM and native porcine skin in rats.Materials and methods. To obtain ADMs, detergent – enzymatic decellularization was used. On days 7, 14, 21, and 60 after the implantation of ADMs (the experimental group) and native porcine skin (the control group), the animals were removed from the experiment. The histologic sections were stained with hematoxylin – eosin and Masson’s trichrome stain, then an immunohistochemical reaction with antibodies to CD3 and CD68 was performed. Computer morphometry was carried out using the ImageJ software.Results. On day 7 after the implantation, moderate sterile inflammation in the experimental group and pronounced sterile inflammation with eosinophil infiltration in the control group were observed. On day 14 of the experiment, the samples from the experimental group were characterized by a relatively low content of macrophages and T-lymphocytes with insignificant edema and no signs of ADM biodegradation. The control group showed pronounced inflammation, a large number of infiltrating macrophages and T lymphocytes, as well as fragmentation of collagen fibers. On day 21 of the experiment, a thin capsule was formed around ADM, there was a small number of infiltrating T lymphocytes and macrophages, the collagen fibers of the implant were intact. In the samples of the control group, there was pronounced inflammation with the presence of a significant number of lymphocytes and macrophages, as well as fragmentation and vascularization of the implant. On day 60 of the experiment, no inflammatory response was observed around ADM, biodegradation was minimal, and a dense fibrous capsule was formed around the fragment of the native porcine skin.Conclusion. The experimental ADM has low immunogenicity and a low degree of biodegradation, which makes it possible to use it for further research to create efficient surgical material that is safe for use in clinical practice.
Retroperitoneal Hematoma Due to Drainage Tube Insertion in Extreme Lateral Interbody Fusion
Authors: Arimura Daigo , Shinohara Akira , Katsumi Shunsuke , Obata Shintaro , Ikegami Taku , Saito Mitsuru 
Published: July 2022

Case:
A 73-year-old woman presented with degenerative kyphoscoliosis. Radiographs revealed sagittal and coronal imbalance with lumbar spinal stenosis. Extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF) was performed in the first stage of 2-stage surgery, and a closed-suction drainage tube was placed in the retroperitoneal cavity. Postoperatively, there was massive bleeding through the tube. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed lumbar artery injury, which required emergency arterial embolization.

Conclusion:
Placing a drainage tube in the retroperitoneal cavity during XLIF surgery can help detect complications such as intestinal and ureteral injuries, the lumbar artery within the lumbar muscle can be injured during drain placement.
Reconstruction of 3D Shapes of Granite Minerals and Generation of Random Numerical Specimens
Authors: Dai Zhuan , Hu Jianhua , Ma Shaowei , Qin Yaguang , Xu Xiao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The existing methods of generating random mineral grains in numerical rock specimens mostly adopt random polygons (in 2D) or random polyhedrons (in 3D) to represent mineral grains. Although this simplification is effective and reasonable, the complex three-dimensional (3D) shape of mineral grains can be reconstructed by computed tomography (CT) scan and image processing techniques, and then, random grains with real shape can be generated in a numerical specimen. In this paper, we proposed an improved grain-based model to construct random mineral grains with real 3D shape in numerical specimens. The granite specimens with granular minerals are scanned by CT. After the CT slices are denoised and corrected, the minerals, including biotite, quartz, and feldspar, are segmented from the CT slices to reconstruct the 3D mineral shapes; these shapes are stored in grain library. By importing the grain library in PFC (Particle Follow Code, a simulation software), heterogeneous specimens with random mineral grains are constructed, and uniaxial compression tests are carried out on them. Results show that the ranges of Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, and uniaxial compressive strength of these numerical specimens are similar to those of real specimens measured in the laboratory. Therefore, the proposed method is feasible and reasonable. This work can provide a reference for the study of constructing heterogeneous numerical rock specimens in rock mechanics.
Occurrence Regularity of Methane Gas Molecules in Composite Nanopores: A Molecular Simulation Study
Authors: Zheng Qiugen , Zhang Jinchuan , Li Junliang , He Guangyu , Song Peng , Shi Defeng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
To understand the occurrence regularity of methane gas molecules in composite nanopores, the effects of temperature, pressure, size of nanopore, and burial depth on the occurrence state of methane were studied theoretically by using the grand canonical Monte Carlo and molecular dynamic simulation methods. By comparing the results available in the literature, the reasons for the difference in the occurrence states of methane molecules in nanopores were analyzed, and a reasonable occurrence regularity of methane was proposed, which provides corresponding suggestions for the actual exploitation of shale gas. The results indicated that the methane gas molecules existed in nanopore only in the adsorption and transition states under different environmental conditions. They were preferentially adsorbed at the strong adsorption sites on the nanopore surface to form a stable adsorption layer. After the adsorption layer reached saturation, a transition layer with higher density than that of bulk methane was formed at the nanopore center. The total adsorption capacity of methane decreased gradually with an increase in the internal temperature of shale reservoirs and increased with an increase in nanopore size. In addition, the average amount of methane stored in the nanopore increased at a deeper burial depth. The occurrence state of methane under different pressure ranges was controlled under different action mechanisms. Under low pressure (P&lt;20 MPa), the adsorption of methane molecules was controlled by the number of strong adsorption sites on the nanopore surface, where the density peak intensity of the adsorption layer increased with the pressure. However, under high pressure (P&gt;20 MPa), the adsorption was controlled by the diffusion process of methane molecules in the organic matter layer, where both the adsorption and transition layers reached the saturation state, and excessive methane molecules diffused deeper into the kerogen layer. The approach to effectively improve the recovery efficiency was to inject water or carbon dioxide into the shale reservoir where the water or carbon dioxide molecules occupy strong adsorption positions than the methane molecules adsorbed originally under the competitive adsorption effect, and the adsorbed methane molecules were transformed to a free state.
Global.health: a scalable plaform for pandemic data integration, analytics, and preparedness
Authors: Benjamin Alex , Brownstein John , Cansler Aaron , Chandra Shruti , Cornet Emmanuel , Dasgupta Abhishek , Elasmar Rasmi , Faudot Timothé , Jackson Felix , Kraemer Moritz , Battle Anya Lindström , Lee Graham , Obimakinde Kernie , Consortium Global.health , Pemberton Allyson , Pigott David , Ratcliffe Stephen , Leland Leslie , Moran Kelly , Scarpino Samuel , Sheldon James , Wachtel Gal 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We present Global.health, a scalable online platform for collecting high-dimensional epidemiological data and transforming those data into a consistent schema to enable distributed analyses. Global.health was originally developed to handle the demands of high-volume, accurate collection of epidemiological line list data in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. It has since proven amenable to rapid adjustment as collection of new variables became relevant, for example tracking variants of concern and vaccination status in COVID-19 cases, as well as clinical data. The Global.health platform is based on a microservices architecture deployed to the cloud. We discuss this architecture and the choices that motivated it, as well as the steps needed for an independent group to run their own copy of Global.health in their local environments. We describe the data governance challenges related to providing appropriate privacy to people in multiple jurisdictions while fulfilling the project’s goal to enable open data sharing and rapid science during health emergencies.
Impedance Modeling and Analysis of Multi-stacked On-chip Power Distribution Network in 3D ICs
Authors: Wang Yang , Dong Gang , Xiong Wei , Song Dongliang , Zhu Zhangming , Yang Yintang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
An accurate impedance modeling of a multi-stacked on-chip power distributed network (PDN) based on through-silicon-vias (TSVs) is vitally important to estimate the electrical performance in threedimensional integrated circuits (3D ICs). This paper proposed a method for calculating the impedance matrix of the multi-stacked on-chip PDN, which mainly consists of arbitrarily distributed TSVs and grid-type on-chip PDNs. First, a real stack-up structure of a multi-stacked on-chip PDN is separated into discrete components intentionally. Then the equivalent lumped circuit models of all discrete components are assembled into a whole to build the transmission matrix of the multistacked on-chip PDN through the relationship between the nodal voltage and the nodal current. Finally, the impedance matrix can be derived through the transmission matrix . In this paper, the coupling of the arbitrarily distributed TSVs and the distributional effect of the on-chip PDN are considered in the impedance matrix through the transmission matrix method (TMM). The proposed method replaces the simulation of the complex equivalent circuit model with the matrix calculation. It can accurately and quickly calculate the impedance of the multi-stacked on-chip PDN.
Deterministic effects of pH on shaping soil resistome revealed by metagenomic analysis
Authors: Liu Zishu , Zhao Yuxiang , Zhang Baofen , Wang Jiaqi , Zhu Lizhong , Hu Baolan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The high prevalence of multidrug efflux pump genes in natural ecosystems recently raised concerns. Since most of the efflux pumps were driven by proton-motive-force (PMF), studying whether soil pH is a determinant for the selection of multidrug efflux pump genes and thus shaping soil resistome is of great interest. In this study, we collected soils with pH values ranging from 4.37-9.69 from multiple ecosystems and profiled the composition of antibiotics resistance genes (ARGs) for 36 soil metagenomes and 41 metagenome-assembled genomes by referencing a structured ARG database. We observed the multidrug efflux pump genes enriched in the acidic soil resistome, and it has a significant soil pH dependence. This reflects the natural selection of high soil proton activity on the multidrug efflux pump genes, especially for the PMF-driven inner membrane transferase. In addition, we preliminary indicate the putative microbial participants in pH shaping soil resistome by applying ecological analyzing tools such as composition dissimilarity analysis, correlation networks analysis, structural equation model test and assembly-model fitting. And furtherly quantified the consistency between the deterministically assembled resistome and neutrally assembled microbiome. Our study proposed a novel perspective to understand the influence of edaphic factors on soil resistome, i.e., the natural selection of fitted resistance mechanisms could lead to bottom-up selections on ARGs regardless of the microbial context. And such natural changes in resistome are herein suggested to be considered when assessing the actual impact of future human activities on the spread of ARGs.
Antigen coverage presented by MHC class I has a negative correlation with SARS-CoV-2-induced mortality
Authors: Kim Kwoneel , Park Ji Soo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a health crisis worldwide; therefore, it is necessary to understand factors related to its prognosis. In this study, we hypothesized that SARS-CoV-2-derived antigens presented by MHC class I may correlate with mortality in COVID-19 because they induce adaptive immune responses. Antigen coverage at the national level was inferred using country-specific HLA allele frequencies and relative predictions of binding antigens. We performed regression analysis between antigen coverage and the death rate due to COVID-19 across countries and found a negative correlation. This negative correlation was corroborated in multiple regression analysis with known risk factors, such as the prevalence of underlying disease. Furthermore, we analyzed antigen coverage in accordance with SARS-CoV-2 domains and identified a significant negative correlation when it was derived from the spike domain, which is reported to be favorable for COVID-19 prognosis. Taken together, the results indicate that the antigen coverage of SARS-CoV-2 may act as a favorable factor when explaining COVID-19-induced mortality.
Explosive Alkaline Volcanism on the SW Indian Ridge
Authors: Zhou Huaiyang , Qian Shengping , Dick Henry 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We report explosive alkaline volcanism at a segment of the ultraslow spreading (14 mm/yr) Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR). While gentle effusive tholeiitic (MORB) volcanism typifies the global ridge system, little evidence for violent alkaline volcanism producing debris cones, lava bombs and scoria as at ocean islands has been reported. However, morphologic evidence in the form of craters exists 1, and alkali basalts have been found on the SWIR and Lena Trough e.g., 2,3,4. Ours are the first definitive samples of pyroclastic debris sampled from a cratered terrain on an ocean ridge. Critically, they are also the result of shallow mixing of an alkaline magma with entrained MORB crystal mush from beneath the flank of a rift valley. This suggests a major paradigm shift for ocean ridge volcanism. The alkali basalt represents an early volatile-rich low-viscosity melt fraction erupted from near the base of the melting column violently to the seafloor — the product of deep low-degree melting of local enriched heterogeneities in an otherwise depleted mantle. The MORB mush represents a later volatile-poor viscous melt erupted effusively from beneath the axial valley onto the seafloor — the product of high-degree melting due to penetrative flow and melt-rock reaction through the remaining ascending depleted mantle to the base of the lithosphere. Mixing of small volumes of the former with the latter in the melt storage region beneath the ridge then explains the local major element uniformity of MORB and its notorious isotopic and trace element diversity. We suggest this may apply globally as at magmatically more robust ridges the role of alkali basalt is likely masked by the far more voluminous MORB.
A chemically defined system supports two distinct types of stem cell from a single blastocyst and their self-assembly to generate blastoid
Authors: Bao Siqin , Wu Baojiang , Yang Zhiqing , Liu Yijie , Li Jianwen , Chen Chen , Li Xihe 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The pluripotent stem cells exist in a narrow window during early development and its derivation depends on intrinsic and extrinsic growth signaling in vitro. It has remained challenging to derive two or three distinct cell lines that are representative of blastocyst-stage lineages from one preimplantation embryo simultaneously in a chemical defined condition. Therefore, it is desirable to establish a system by manipulating extrinsic signaling in culture to derive multiple types of stem cells from a single blastocyst. Here, we report that a defined medium containing Activin A, WNT activator and LIF (ACL medium), enables establishment of ACL-ESCs and ACL-XEN cells from one blastocyst. Our results indicate that ACL-ESCs and ACL-XEN cells represent ICM and PrE lineages of blastocyst. Importantly, we obtained ACL-blastoid from ACL-ESCs and ACL-XEN cells self-aggregation, partially recapitulating early development and initiation of early implantation events. This study would not only provide a culture system for derivation and maintenance of two types of cell lines corresponding to ICM as well as PrE, but also deepen our understanding of early embryogenesis and widen insights into translational application of stem cells.
Effect of male partners’ behaviours and beliefs on reproductive, maternal and child health and wellbeing in East Africa: A scoping review
Authors: Fletcher Richard , De Vlieger Nienke , Macdonald Jacqui , Sales Brett , Kassa Getachew Mullu , Tura Abera Kenay , Forbes Faye , Dadi Abel Fekadu , Moges Nurilign Abebe , Galle Anna , Comrie-Thomson Liz , Liackman Rebecca , Beyene Addisu , Regan Casey , Temmerman Marleen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: East African countries have high rates of maternal and child mortality and morbidity. Studies have shown that involvement of male partners in reproductive health can benefit maternal and child health. This scoping review aims to provide an overview of the evidence across East Africa that describes male partner involvement and its effect on maternal and child wellbeing in reproductive, maternal or child health. Methods: Ten databases were searched to identify quantitative data on male’s involvement in East African countries. Studies reporting qualitative data, non-East-African samples, ‘intention to use’ data or only reporting on male partner’s education or economic status were excluded. Studies were organised into five a priori categories: antenatal care (ANC), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), breastfeeding, family planning, and intimate partner violence (IPV) with further categories developed based on studies included. Results: A total of 2787 records were identified, 644 full-texts were reviewed and 96 studies were included in this review. Data were reported on 118,967 mothers/pregnant women and 15,361 male partners (typically reported by their female partners or coparents). Most of the studies (n=83) were reported from four countries Ethiopia (n=49), Kenya (n=14), Tanzania (n=12) and Uganda (n=10). The evidence indicates that male partner involvement and support is associated with improved reproductive, maternal and child health across a wide range of outcomes. However, the studies were heterogenous, using diverse exposure and outcome measures and reporting varying effect sizes, levels of men’s involvement and types of support. As well, male partners’ lack of practical and emotional support, and engagement in violent behaviours towards partners, were associated with profound negative impacts on maternal and child health and wellbeing. Conclusions: The body of evidence, although heterogenous, provides compelling support for male involvement in reproductive health programs designed to support maternal and child health. To advance research in this field, agreement is needed on a measure of male partner 'involvement'. To optimise benefits of male partner’s involvement, developing core outcome sets and regional coordination across health conditions are recommended.
Design of Organic Thin Film Transistor Using Tri-Layer dielectric polymers to enhance the electrical performance
Authors: Deepika Deepika , Yadav Rekha 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
For the past two decades, organic electronics has been a hot topic due to the ability of commercial low-cost and large-area flexible electronics. Organic semiconductors (OSs) are significantly used in electronics reliant on organic substances. For the primary problem of the chemical materials, the new OS construction has improved accomplishment in organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs). The main reason for the successful attainment of high-performance OTFTs is to control the interface between the substrate and dielectric layer. Though OTFT is considered for better enhancement, there still exists a major issue that is to increase the mobility and resistance to temperature, humidity and chemicals on polymer gate insulators. Thus, to overcome these issues, the designed model is based on the OTFT using Tri-layer dielectric polymers such as SiO2, PEI-EP (Polyetherimide – Epoxy polymer) and POM-H (polyoxymethylene homopolymer) with pentacene semiconductor to evaluate the electrical performance. The electrical characteristics are validated by comparing tri-layer dielectric OTFT with single and Bi-layer dielectric OTFT. Electrical characteristics such as Threshold voltage (VT), On/Off ratio, and carrier mobility (μ) of the tri-layer dielectric OTFT are validated, and resultant values for those parameters are 0.51v, 10-3-100 and 0.51 ± 0.31cm2 .Thus, the deigned tri-layer pentacene OTFT model performs better electrical characteristics compared to the single and bi-layer OTFT.