bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE IMPACT OF AGE-SPECIFIC PSYCHOLOGICAL SELF-SUFFICIENCY ON ECONOMIC WELL-BEING AMONG OLDER WORKER JOB SEEKERS
Authors: Lee Mina , Yeo Hyesu , Hong Philip 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Aim
Federal and state workforce policies prioritize Economic Self-Sufficiency (ESS) but often overlook crucial psychological dimensions. Psychological Self-Sufficiency (PSS) provides an empowerment framework, especially for low-income jobseekers, integrating psychological and economic well-being. While PSS represents a transformative path from Employment Barrier (EB) to Employment Hope (EH) and positively impacts ESS, the age-specific impact of PSS measures on economic well-being remains unexplored. This study validates PSS measures and investigates their relationship with ESS among older worker job seekers.

Methods
Data were collected from 1006 participants aged 50+, engaged with community-based agencies offering employment training services (2012-2016. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) identified older-worker PSS using 27 EB and 24 EH items. ESS was assessed using the 15-item WEN ESS scale. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) examined the relationship between older-worker PSS and ESS pre- and post-program participation.

Results
EFA and CFA revealed a 16-item 4-factor EB and a 15-item 3-factor EH structure. EB factors included human capital, personal balance, physical and mental health, and labor market exclusion barriers, while EH factors encompassed self-assurance, skill and resource utilization, and goal orientation. SEM indicated significant PSS, highlighting the transformative path from EB to EH, significantly affecting ESS with EH fully mediating EB.

Conclusion
This study highlights the distinct age-specific composition of PSS factors among low-income older workers, emphasizing the need for age-friendly intervention strategies by workforce development practitioners. By enhancing psychological self-sufficiency, these interventions can contribute to the economic well-being of older workers in the context of employment transition.
COMPONENTS OF SUPPORTED DECISION-MAKING BY ADULT GUARDIANS FOR ADULTS UNDER GUARDIANSHIP IN JAPAN
Authors: Kasahara Sachiko 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The adult guardianship system in Japan is designed to protect the rights and property of elderly individuals or those with diminished decision-making capacity. The system also allows for property management and personal care considerations. Adult guardians include relatives and non-relative guardians, but in Japan non-relative guardians account for over 80% of the total. For non-relative adult guardians who often meet the individual after being appointed as their guardian, respecting the individual’s wishes is an extremely important task in guardianship activities. The purpose of this research is to visualize the components of supported decision-making by non-relative guardians. The previous studies indicated that it was important to know what the specifics of supported decision-making for people under wards. The research was conducted from September to October of 2022 by self-administered questionnaires. The survey was mailed to 1,180 non-relative adult guardians in Japan. The data was collected Multistage sampling. The response rate was 25.2%. The statistical analysis was an exploratory factor analysis. Three factors in the specifics of supported decision-making were extracted by the factor analysis: Supporting for forming, expressing, and realizing of their wishes of the person under wards; Assessment and relationship with them; and Supporting by a team. The Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency was greater than 0.8 for each factor. In addition, the three factors were associated each other. In conclusions, the present study found that the specifics of supported decision-making were Supporting their wishes as process, Preconditions for supported decision-making, and Supporting as a team.
DISCRIMINATION AND RESILIENCE ON HEALTH ACROSS THE LIFESPAN
Authors: Lee Yeonjung , Vang Cindy , Her-Xiong Youhung 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Asian and Asian American (AAA) older adults have encountered varying forms of discrimination in the United States. However, discrimination across the life course shaping the lives of AAA is an emerging area in understanding health disparities. This study aimed to shed light on this area by using the Life Course Perspective and the Asian Critical Theory to characterize the levels of discrimination, resilience, and health of AAA older adults before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The preliminary data were collected through convenience and snowball sampling methods. Participants (N=39) completed a survey using discrimination, resilience, and health measures before and during the pandemic. Descriptive results indicated increased perceived mild discrimination post-pandemic compared to the pre-COVID-19 pandemic. The findings, however, indicate that participants showed increased resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the preliminary data focusing on hard-to-reach older adults, the present study findings can help understand the unique association between discrimination and resilience experiences among AAA older adults.
EXAMINING GUARDIANSHIP RISK OF THE UNBEFRIENDED UTILIZING A SOCIOECOLOGICAL MODEL TO IMPROVE ADVOCACY AND POLICY
Authors: Marcel Solange 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Adults without decisional capacity, having no surrogate, are known as unbefriended persons and are often referred for guardianship. Guardianship is meant to serve as a means of protection; however, a guardian’s decision-making authority is conversely a threat to autonomy. The aim of this literature review is to examine the prevalence of unbefriended persons at risk for guardianship while exploring the gaps, trends, and inconsistencies related to healthcare provider and/or institutional knowledge deficits.

Methodology
A literature review was performed using electronic databases CINAHL, PubMed, Medline, and PsychInfo. Publication parameters were set between 2010 and 2024. Additionally, relevant articles with a special medicolegal focus were hand-selected without publication date restrictions.

Results
Search terms resulted in 258 articles for title and abstract screening. Utilizing the socioecological model, 17 studies were synthesized. Neurocognitive disorders and psychotic disorders were intrapersonal antecedents. Social isolation increased vulnerability at the interpersonal level. Organizational factors included inadequate healthcare knowledge. Lack of guardian access was a notable environmental factor. At the policy level, health facilities lacked effective policies to promote ethical and timely decision-making. Conclusions: At each socio-ecological level, there are vastly different experiences for the unbefriended compared to decisional-incapacitated persons with identified surrogates. These differences should be the impetus for future education and serve as a springboard for advocacy initiatives. A multidisciplinary approach consisting of clinicians, healthcare ethics committees, and the guardianship system is compulsory to address the evolving needs of the unbefriended. Keywords: unbefriended, unrepresented, persons without proxies (PWP), decisional capacity, incapacitation, guardianship, and surrogates.
RECONSIDERING MANDATORY RETIREMENT FOR POLITICIANS: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH
Authors: Tzemah-Shahar Roy , Menashe Aviad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The upcoming 2024 U.S. presidential election has ignited a widespread discourse on the age of candidates; globally, the political arena has witnessed seasoned leaders surpassing the age of 80 and continuing to hold office. The advanced age of politicians raises multifaceted questions across cultural, social, legal, political, and gerontological research fields. Is there a case for considering mandatory retirement age for politicians, and under what circumstances? We review available literature, federal and state laws, media reports (e.g., social networks), and health research focusing on the impact of age on work-related performance. Moreover, we explore theoretical and practical aspects of age and ageism in the workforce. The debate surrounding the advanced age of politicians has intensified in recent decades: older politicians may hinder the rise of new generations and raise concerns about their physical or cognitive ability in old age; however, these leaders are often perceived as experienced and well-connected, providing an irreplaceable wealth of knowledge. While retirement age varies globally, only a few countries have set mandatory retirement age for politicians. Recent health studies suggest that chronological age alone is insufficient to determine an individual’s ability to participate in the workforce; however, there are no objective criteria other than chronological age for mandatory retirement of most professions, including politicians. There is no consensus on ability or disability of older politicians to perform adequately, but their experience remains unparalleled. Physical and cognitive function, as reflected in biological age metrics, may serve as an alternative to chronological age concerning mandatory retirement.
USING CANCER SURVIVORSHIP EXPERIENCES TO INFORM CANCER ADVOCACY IN NIGERIA
Authors: Nweke Chizobam , Nduka Chinelo , Chidebe Runcie , Nwakasi Candi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Despite having a high cancer burden that is still rising, Nigeria, like many rapidly aging countries in sub-Saharan Africa, due to a very high burden of infectious diseases, is not paying adequate attention to non-communicable diseases, especially cancer. This study explored the experiences of cancer survivors for informing tailored cancer advocacy programs in Nigeria.

Methods
A qualitative descriptive approach was used on a sample of 19 women with age ranging from 29 – 55 years, with a history of breast cancer. We had four focus group discussions during data collection and used reflexive thematic analysis for data analysis.

Results
The following themes were identified from the analysis: 1) strengthening care quality, 2) addressing delayed presentation, 3) expanding access to informal support, and 4) alleviating the cost burden of cancer care.

Discussion
A better understanding of cancer survivorship experiences among Nigerian women can help strengthen cancer advocacy in Nigeria. In turn, strong cancer advocacy will help to prioritize cancer control, and mitigate a looming cancer crisis in Nigeria.
“ACT YOUR AGE!” YOUNG ADULTS’ CONCERN REGARDING PRESCRIPTIVE AGE STEREOTYPE VIOLATION
Authors: Gourley Amy , Chasteen Alison 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A younger subjective or ‘felt’ age is often associated with positive health outcomes among adults over 60. However, a dearth of research examines young adults’ attitudes towards older people who report feeling ‘young at heart’. The degree to which a young adult feels concerned about violations of prescriptive age stereotypes (i.e., that older people should act their age) may predict their reactions to older adults who feel young at heart. The present work examines young adults’ (N = 296) attitudes toward older vignette characters described as feeling either their age (65), 45, or 25. Participants evaluated one of six possible characters and completed a measure of their concern that the character would violate prescriptive age stereotypes (e.g., “I am concerned that older people like the person described in the vignette will come to places where I like to hang out.”). Participants were more concerned that characters who felt 25 or 45 would violate prescriptive age stereotypes compared to characters who felt 65. Moreover, concern about characters’ potential stereotype violation predicted participants’ attitudes toward the character. Specifically, the more concerned participants felt, the lower they rated characters’ competence, particularly when the character felt 25 or 65. These findings suggest that older adults’ felt ages and younger adults’ concerns about preserving strict age-group boundaries may be key predictors of evaluations of older people. To develop interventions to reduce ageism, more work must consider younger people’s reactions to older adults’ felt ages as well as their concern regarding prescriptive age stereotypes.
LONG-TERM EFFECT OF HEALTH CARE DISCRIMINATION ON LIFE SATISFACTION OF FUNCTIONALLY LIMITED OLDER ADULTS IN ENGLAND
Authors: Garrido Felipe Sandoval 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Healthcare discrimination, e.g. receiving poorer service compared to others, detrimentally affects older adults, particularly those with greater care needs. In the UK, the long-term interplay of healthcare discrimination and functional limitations is under-researched, leading to potential care gaps and poorer health outcomes. This study fills this gap by examining the effects of healthcare discrimination and functional limitations on the life satisfaction of 12,690 individuals aged 60+ from the 2010-2019 English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. The 2010-11 survey assessed healthcare discrimination and functional limitations using ADL and IADL scales. Life satisfaction was measured using the Satisfaction with Life Scale, with scores from 2010-11, 2014-15, and 2018-19 analyzed via a linear mixed-effect model to account for the longitudinal design. Findings show that 2.9% (368 respondents) experienced discrimination. A preliminary bivariate logistic regression showed that those with more significant functional limitations were twice as likely to face discrimination (odds ratio: 2.010). The mixed-effect model showed a 1.580-point decrease in life satisfaction due to discrimination and a 1.134-point decrease from ADL/IADL difficulties. An interaction effect led to a larger 2.399-point drop when combining both factors, adjusted for demographic and health variables. These results highlight the intersection of healthcare discrimination and functional limitations, emphasizing the need for targeted policy and educational reforms. Incorporating these insights into training programs for healthcare professionals and establishing more inclusive, sensitive healthcare policies could significantly enhance care quality and outcomes for the elderly. This study underscores the imperative for such initiatives to better cater to the aging population’s unique needs.
RELATIONSHIP OF AGING KNOWLEDGE TO AGE BIAS VARIES ACROSS KNOWLEDGE DOMAIN FOR DOCTORAL PSYCHOLOGY TRAINEES
Authors: Johnson Benjamin , Caskie Grace 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Doctoral psychology trainees often express low interest in clinical work with older adults, which may be attributed to ageist stereotypes they hold. Levy’s (2018) PEACE model states that one of the two most effective ways to reduce age bias is to increase accuracy of knowledge about aging. Few studies have examined psychology trainees’ aging knowledge or whether it relates to their age bias. We assessed the aging knowledge of 192 doctoral psychology trainees (aged 21-30 years), using Palmore’s Facts on Aging Quiz (FAQ), which includes three domains (biological, psychological, social). We also investigated the relationship of trainees’ aging knowledge to age bias (measured by FSA, ASD, and AmbAS). On average, trainees answered 13 FAQ items correctly (52%), indicating low aging knowledge. Trainees had more accurate aging knowledge in biological (M=70%) than psychological (M=60%) or social (M=40%) domains. They were significantly more likely (p&lt;.001) to respond incorrectly to 10 facts and correctly to 11 facts; the social domain showed the most incorrect knowledge. Trainees’ total aging knowledge was not significantly correlated with any age bias measure; however, greater biological aging knowledge was positively correlated with more age bias (FSA and AmbAS), while greater psychological and social aging knowledge were negatively correlated with all age bias measures. Thus, to reduce age bias by increasing aging knowledge, interventions may need to be domain-specific. Additionally, psychology training may overemphasize biological aging and physical decline (i.e., medical model), suggesting interventions address other aspects of aging and focus on age-related gains in addition to losses.
AGE BIAS IN PEOPLE’S DAILY ACROSS 72 YEARS
Authors: Mai Chunyan , Chen Amber X , Cao Ji , Fung Helene H 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Older adults were traditionally portrayed to be respected in China, a collectivistic and culturally tight society. However, findings are mixed on attitudes towards the older adults in contemporary China, amidst socio-economic transformation and cultural shifts. Addressing this gap, our study investigates the evolution of societal attitudes towards the older group, as reflected in narratives from the People’s Daily Newspaper (Renmin Ribao) from 1950 to 2021.

Methods
Societal attitudes were measured with three metrics: moral judgment (virtue versus vice), ageist evaluations (positive versus negative), and stereotypes (warmth versus competence), utilizing natural language processing. Age biases (Virtue Bias, etc.) refer to the association between attitude-related words (virtue, etc.) and the older group relative to the younger group. To explain the overtime change in the Age Biases, time series models and Granger tests were applied to examine the correlation and precedence between cultural values and age biases.

Results
The results of time series models revealed that after accounting for GDP per capita, collectivistic values were positively correlated with Warmth Bias. Additionally, cultural looseness exhibited positive correlations with Virtue Bias, Positive Ageist Bias, and Warmth Bias. Granger tests revealed that declines in cultural looseness preceded declining Virtue Bias and Positive Ageist Bias.

Discussion
This is the first known study longitudinally exploring societal attitudes towards the older group in China. Our findings highlight the significance of the temporal dynamics of societal attitudes along with cultural changes.
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN OBJECTIVE HEARING FUNCTION AND SUBJECTIVE VIEWS OF AGING
Authors: Koch Jana , Brady Brooke , Anstey Kaarin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Subjective views of aging have been associated with positive health-promoting behaviours and well-being. While age-related changes are considered fundamental to views of aging, the role of declining hearing function in shaping these age views remains a largely unexplored area. Within the scope of this study, we hypothesized that poor hearing function would contribute to less favorable views of aging, as measured on multiple related constructs. Data were obtained from the app-based, longitudinal ‘Labs without Walls’ study, including 184 participants with a mean age of 55.6 years (17.1 SD). Subjective views of aging were measured by the Self-perceptions of aging scale, Expectations regarding aging scale (with subscales on physical health, mental health, and cognitive function), subjective age, and ideal age. Hearing function was measured on a validated app-based hearing task, and a pure-tone average was calculated in the better-hearing ear on frequencies 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz. Structural equation modelling was employed to examine the unique contributions of hearing function on subjective views of aging while controlling for chronological age, sex-at-birth, loneliness, cognition and socioeconomic status. As hypothesized, poor hearing function was associated with negative expectations regarding aging, especially regarding maintaining cognitive function and physical health. Hearing function was also associated with an older ideal age. However, poor hearing function was not predictive of any other constructs of subjective views of aging. These findings highlight that hearing loss affects expectations of the aging process. Future interventions should examine whether addressing these negative expectations could lead to improved hearing health behaviors.
DAILY HEALTH PROBLEMS, SUBJECTIVE AGING, AND THE MODERATING ROLE OF AWARENESS OF AGE-RELATED CHANGES
Authors: Tingvold Maiken , Kornadt Anna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Indicators of subjective aging, such as a persons’ subjective age or their perception of accelerated aging, are related to health problems, in that experiencing health issues can lead to more negative subjective aging. This has been shown for longitudinal relationships as well as in daily assessments. In the current study, we were interested in moderators of this relationship. We assumed that on days in which participants experienced more age-related gains, the coupling of daily subjective aging and health problems should be weaker, whereas it should be amplified on days in which participants experienced more age-related losses. A sample of N = 70 participants aged 52 – 75 years (Mage = 62.74, SD = 5.53) reported on their daily subjective age (uni- and multidimensional), accelerated aging, health problems and awareness of age-related gains and losses on up to 14 days of daily diary assessments. Age, gender, education, and baseline health were included as covariates. Multilevel models showed that as expected, the perception of age-related losses increased the impact of daily health problems on multidimensional subjective age and accelerated aging. Contrary to expectations, however, more daily gains also increased the impact of daily health problems on subjective age and accelerated aging. Our findings attest to the importance of both the perception of age-related gains and losses in daily life, and show that irrespective of valence, perceiving changes as age-related might be influential for the interpretation of daily experiences and their impact on developmental outcomes.
EXPLORING RACIAL DIFFERENCES IN WILLINGNESS FOR COGNITIVE TESTING IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Costa Amy , Kasenetz Whitney , Crisci Alex , Curtis Ashley , O’Brien Jennifer 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Knowledge and attitudes about dementia contribute to diagnosis and treatment outcomes. People of color (POC) are less likely to receive dementia screening and an official dementia diagnosis compared to white adults, leaving them vulnerable to missed diagnosis and early intervention. This study tested whether racial group (0=white, N=255; 1=POC, N=56) moderates associations between knowledge about Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and willingness to undergo cognitive testing. Older adults (N=364, Mage=69.5±6.3 years, 171 women) completed the Perceptions Regarding Investigational Screening for Memory (PRISM; acceptance of AD screening sub-score [PRISM-accept]) and the Alzheimer’s Disease Knowledge Scale (ADKS). After completing the questionnaires, participants were invited to the lab to complete the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA; 0=not completed, 1=completed). A linear regression determined whether race moderated associations between ADKS and PRISM-accept sub-score, controlling for education and gender. A logistic regression determined whether race moderated associations between ADKS and MoCA completion. Race did not moderate associations between ADKS and PRISM-accept (p&gt;.05). Race moderated associations between ADKS and whether they completed the MoCA (χ2=12.2, p&lt;.001). Specifically, higher knowledge about AD had higher odds of MoCA completion for white older adults (B=.10, p&lt;.001), but lower odds of MoCA completion for POC (B=-.21, p=.03). Results reveal increased knowledge about AD may increase willingness to be screened for white older adults but decrease willingness for POC. Results may be due to factors influencing screening acceptance in POC (e.g., lack of trust). The present study highlights the need to tailor recommendations to increase willingness to be screened for dementia based on race.