bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Cytotoxicity and Antiviral Activity Against Vaccinia Virus of
2-(3-Coumarinyl)-1-Hydroxyimidazoles
Authors: Nikitina Polina A. , Zakharova Anastasia M. , Serova Olga A. , Bormotov Nikolay I. , Mazurkov Oleg Y. , Shishkina Larisa N. , Koldaeva Tatiana Y. , Basanova Elizaveta I. , Perevalov Valery P. 
Published: November 2022

Background:
In 1980, smallpox became the first viral disease eradicated through vaccination.
After the termination of the Smallpox Eradication Program, the global immunization of the
population also ceased. Now, most people do not have any immunity against infections caused by
orthopoxviruses. Emerging cases of zoonotic orthopox infections transferring to humans inspire the
search for new small organic molecules possessing antiviral activity against orthopoxviruses.

Objective:
Here, we present the synthesis and evaluation of antiviral activity against one of the orthopoxviruses,
i.e., Vaccinia virus, of hybrid structures containing 1-hydroxyimidazole and benzopyranone
moieties.

Methods:
Novel 2-(3-coumarinyl)-1-hydroxyimidazoles were synthesized. Their prototropic tautomerism
was considered using 1H NMR spectroscopy. Antiviral activity of both new 2-(3-coumarinyl)-
1-hydroxyimidazoles and previously described 2-(3-chromenyl)-1-hydroxyimidazoles against Vaccinia
virus was evaluated in Vero cell culture.

Results:
Newly synthesized 2-(3-coumarinyl)-1-hydroxyimidazoles existed in CDCl3 as a mixture of
prototropic tautomers (N-hydroxyimidazole and imidazole N-oxide), transition to DMSO-d6 resulting
in the prevalence of N-oxide tautomer. Evaluation of cytotoxicity and antiviral activity against Vaccinia
virus was performed in Vero cell culture. Compounds possessing high antiviral activity were
present in both series. It was demonstrated that the structure of heterocyclic substituent in position 2
of imidazole impacted the cytotoxicity of substances under consideration. Thus, molecules containing
coumarin moiety exhibited lower toxicity than similarly substituted 2-(3-chromenyl)-1-
hydroxyimidazoles.

Conclusion:
Perspective virus inhibiting compounds possessing antiviral activity against Vaccinia
virus were revealed in the series of 2-(3-coumarinyl)-1-hydroxyimidazoles.
The Effect of Hydroquinidine on Proliferation and Apoptosis of TMZ-sensitive and
-resistant GBM Cells
Authors: Demircan Turan , Yavuz Mervenur 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a lethal form of central nervous system cancer with a lack of efficient therapy options. Aggressiveness and invasiveness of the GBM result in poor prognosis and low overall survival. Therefore, the necessity to develop new anti-carcinogenic agents in GBM treatment is still a priority for researchers. Ion channels are one of the primary regulators of physiological homeostasis with additional critical roles in many essential biological processes related to cancer, such as invasion and metastasis. A multi-channel blocker, hydroquinidine (HQ), is currently in use to treat short-QT and Brugada arrhythmia syndromes.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to examine the alterations in survival, clonogenicity, migration, tumorigenicity, proliferation, apoptosis, and gene expression profile of temozolomide (TMZ)-sensitive and TMZ-resistant GBM cells upon HQ treatment.

Methods:
The possible anti-neoplastic activity of HQ on GBM cells was investigated by several widely applied cell culture methods. The IC50 values were determined using the MTT assay. Upon HQ treatment, the clonogenicity and migration capacity of cells were evaluated via colony-formation and wound healing assay, respectively. For anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects, EdU and CFSE, and Annexin-V labeling were applied. Tumorigenicity level was depicted by employing soft agar assay. The expression level of multiple genes functioning in the cell cycle and apoptosis-related processes was checked utilizing qPCR.

Results:
A significant anti-carcinogenic effect of HQ on TMZ-sensitive and -resistant GBM cells characterized by the increased apoptosis and decreased proliferation rate was revealed due to the altered gene expression profile related to cell cycle and cell death.

Conclusion:
In this study, the anti-carcinogenic effect of HQ has been demonstrated for the first time. Our data suggest the possible utilization of HQ to suppress the growth of GBM cells. Further studies on GBM-bearing animal models are required to assess its therapeutic potential in GBM treatment.
Potential Polymorphic CYP1A2 and CYP2D6-mediated Pharmacokinetic
Interactions between Risperidone or Olanzapine and Selected Drugs
Intended to Treat COVID-19
Authors: Alvarado Yarasca Angel Tito , Rojas-Macetas Ariana , Medalla-Garro Geraldine , Saravia María , Losno Ricardo , Valderrama-Wong Milton , Pariona Ricardo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract:
Risperidone/olanzapine are antipsychotics used in Peru to control symptoms of
psychosis. The objective was to review the available evidence on potential pharmacokinetic
interactions mediated by CYP1A2 and CYP2D6 polymorphic genes between risperidone or
olanzapine and selected drugs for the treatment of COVID-19. A bibliographic search was
conducted in SciELO and PubMed/Medline. The selection criteria included all types of articles in
English and Spanish languages. In this review, the CYP1A2/CYP2D6/CYP3A4 genes that encode
their respective enzymes have been described. The olanzapine/risperidone association increases the
risk of prolonging the QT interval; chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine decreases metabolism and
increases plasma concentration of risperidone; ritonavir decreases metabolism and increases plasma
levels of hydroxychloroquine and lopinavir with the risk of prolonging the QT interval of the cardiac
cycle and with a tendency to progression towards Torsades de Pointes. Ritonavir increases
metabolism and decreases plasma levels of olanzapine. A low incidence of adverse effect was found
between risperidone/azithromycin and olanzapine with azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine.
Regarding the association of genes: CYP1A2*1D increases and CYP1A2*1F decreases the plasma
concentration of olanzapine. Risperidone plasma levels are increased in CYP2D6 intermediate and
poor metabolizers compared with normal metabolizers. Other studies indicate no significant
association between poor metabolizers of CYP1A2 and CYP2D6 with increased pharmacokinetic
parameters. It is concluded that there are potential risks of prolonging the QT interval due to
pharmacokinetic interactions mediated by polymorphic genes CYP1A2 and CYP2D6 between
risperidone or olanzapine and the drugs selected for the treatment of COVID-19.
Real-time Assessment of Interspecies Candida Biofilm Formation
Authors: Abrantes Pedro M.D.S. , Behardien Kauthar , Africa Charlene W.J. 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Candida infections are responsible for increased morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients, with Candida having the ability to form highly structured biofilms that protect them from the external environment and the action of antifungals. Few studies have reported on real-time interactions between Candida species.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the interspecies biofilm changes of oral Candida species using the xCELLigence system and the CV staining technique.

Methods:
This study demonstrated the mixed biofilm interactions of Candida species using an impedance-based biofilm monitoring system and crystal violet staining.

Results:
When using the xCELLigence system, the maximum cell index increased in most mixed biofilms, except for the C. glabrata/C. parapsilosis and C. albicans combinations. Bulk biofilm formation measured by CV staining was the highest in C. albicans and C. tropicalis combinations and the lowest in the C. glabrata/C. parapsilosis combination. Pseudohyphae were observed in C. albicans and C. glabrata in combination with C. tropicalis or C. parapsilosis.

Conclusion:
This study is the first to report on the real-time interactions of Candida species using the xCELLigence system and suggests that the presence of specific species influences the biofilm formation of commonly isolated Candida species.
Quinazolinone: Pharmacophore with Endless Pharmacological Actions
Authors: Dhanawat Meenakshi , Gupta Sumeet , Mujwar Somdutt 
Published: November 2022

Abstract:
Due to its extensive applications in the field of pharmaceutical chemistry and its potent biological and pharmacological activities, including analgesic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, ant-inflammatory, anti-tubercular, antihyperlipidemic, antihistamine, antiviral, anticonvulsant and antiparkinsonian, the heterocyclic molecule occupies a distinct place in the scientific community. The discovery that many synthetic quinazolinone derivatives exhibit a wide range of biological functions has sparked interest in this area of study.
The purpose of this review is to collate literature work reported by researchers on quinazolinone and its derivatives for their various pharmacological activities.
The Need to Prioritize Model-Updating Processes in Clinical Artificial Intelligence (AI) Models: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Otokiti Ahmed Umar , Ozoude Makuochukwu Maryann , Williams Karmen S , Sadiq-onilenla Rasheedat A , Ojo Soji Akin , Wasarme Leyla B , Walsh Samantha , Edomwande Maxwell 
Published: November 2022

Background
With an increase in the number of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) algorithms available for clinical settings, appropriate model updating and implementation of updates are imperative to ensure applicability, reproducibility, and patient safety.

Objective
The objective of this scoping review was to evaluate and assess the model-updating practices of AI and ML clinical models that are used in direct patient-provider clinical decision-making.

Methods
We used the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) checklist and the PRISMA-P protocol guidance in addition to a modified CHARMS (Checklist for Critical Appraisal and Data Extraction for Systematic Reviews of Prediction Modelling Studies) checklist to conduct this scoping review. A comprehensive medical literature search of databases, including Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science, was conducted to identify AI and ML algorithms that would impact clinical decision-making at the level of direct patient care. Our primary end point is the rate at which model updating is recommended by published algorithms; we will also conduct an assessment of study quality and risk of bias in all publications reviewed. In addition, we will evaluate the rate at which published algorithms include ethnic and gender demographic distribution information in their training data as a secondary end point.

Results
Our initial literature search yielded approximately 13,693 articles, with approximately 7810 articles to consider for full reviews among our team of 7 reviewers. We plan to complete the review process and disseminate the results by spring of 2023.

Conclusions
Although AI and ML applications in health care have the potential to improve patient care by reducing errors between measurement and model output, currently there exists more hype than hope because of the lack of proper external validation of these models. We expect to find that the AI and ML model-updating methods are proxies for model applicability and generalizability on implementation. Our findings will add to the field by determining the degree to which published models meet the criteria for clinical validity, real-life implementation, and best practices to optimize model development, and in so doing, reduce the overpromise and underachievement of the contemporary model development process.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/37685
Peranan Pusat Pelayanan Terpadu Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Anak (P2TP2A) dalam Memberikan Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Perempuan dan Anak Korban KDRT
Authors: Fitriani Dona , Haryadi Haryadi , Rakhmawati Dessy 
Published: November 2022

The objectives of this study are: to determine implementation of the role of the Integrated Service Center for the Empowerment of Women and Children (P2TP2A) providing legal protection for women and children victims of domestic violence (KDRT). To find obstacles providing legal protection for women and children for being victims. Research Method: The method used is Juridical Empirical. Research Results: 1)Role’s implementation of the P2TP2A in Muaro Jambi providing legal protection for women and children by providing socialization, then implementing the Law of Child Protection and Law of Republic Indonesia of Elimination of Domestic Violence. 2)Obstacles experienced by P2TP2A Muaro Jambi providing legal protection for women and children. Namely, not having a safe house, limited budget, lacking human resources, many people who do not understand the law, victims and their families are not open in providing information, withdrawal of complaints from the police, P2TP2A Muaro Jambi lacks psychologists. Suggestion: The government should cooperate with P2TP2A in Muaro Jambi dealing with KDRT’s case and the community should be give more understanding regarding domestic violence’s law.

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan peranan Pusat Pelayanan Terpadu Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Anak (P2TP2A) Kabupaten Muaro Jambi dan kendalanya dalam memberikan perlindungan hukum terhadap perempuan dan anak korban KDRT. Tipe penelitian ini adalah Yuridis Empiris. Hasil penelitian adalah pelaksanaan peranan P2TP2A Kabupaten Muaro Jambi dengan memberikan sosialisasi, penerapan Undang-Undang Tentang Perlindungan Anak dan Undang-Undang Tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga. Sedangkan kendala yang dialami yaitu tidak mempunyai Rumah Aman, anggaran yang terbatas, SDM yang kurang, masyarakat yang kurang paham dengan hukum, korban dan keluarga tidak terbuka dalam memberikan keterangan, penarikan pengaduan dari pihak Kepolisian dan kekurangan psikolog. Saran: diharapkan pemerintah dapat bekerjasama dengan baik dengan P2TP2A Kabupaten Muaro Jambi dalam menangani kasus KDRT dan masyarakat diberikan pemahaman hukum mengenai KDRT.
Photographing Ophelia: Myth and Concept in Eugènia Balcells’s Ophelia (variacions sobre una imatge)
Authors: Ugalde Sharon Keefe 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This essay examines the groundbreaking work of Catalan art photographer Eugènia Balcells’s 1979 black and white series, Ophelia (variacions sobre una imatge) as an act of feminist re-appropriation of one of the most popular subjects of Victorian painting and early photography. Baleei Is reclaims the canonical literary character by reproducing John Everett Millais’s famous Ophelia (1852) in 37 black-and-white photocopies, then manipulating each of the images in ways that both reveal and resist the patriarchal constructs that informed earlier artists’ view of Shakespeare’s heroine as submissive, passive, ethereal-dead, asleep or in a melancholy trance. After a careful historical contextualization of nineteenth century images of Ophelia in painting and in commercial photography, Keefe Ugalde engages in a close reading of a dozen or more of Balcells’s images, explaining how the artist relied on postmodern conceptual art practices to critique, disparage or subvert the ways in which Ophelia served to anchor patriarchal representations of women, and particularly young desirable women, to traditional models of submissive femininity.
Morphometric and volumetric analysis of the proximity between the incisive canal and maxillary central incisors during anterior retraction: a retrospective cone-beam computed tomography study
Authors: Ongprakobkul Narubhorn , Ishida Yuji , Petdachai Sirima , Ishizaki Aiko , Shimizu Chiyo , Techalertpaisarn Paiboon , Ono Takashi 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo elucidate the relationships and factors affecting the proximity between the incisive canal (IC) and maxillary central incisors and to predict the probable outcomes after anterior tooth retraction using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).Materials and MethodsRetrospective CBCT data taken before and after maxillary anterior retraction in 36 patients were used in this study. The incisive canal length (ICL), maxillary central incisor length (TL), angles between the palatal plane and axes of the maxillary alveolar border (θ1), IC (θ2), and maxillary central incisor (θ3), retraction distance (TDE), distance from the maxillary central incisors to the IC (D), cross-sectional area of the IC (CSA), and volume of the IC were evaluated. Comparison of the parameters between contact and noncontact groups were examined. Logistic regression was performed to analyze the probable outcome prediction.ResultsAll parameters significantly decreased after anterior retraction, except for the ICL. Eighteen roots in 12 patients contacted the IC. The θ1, θ2, θ3, and D values at all levels were significantly lower, whereas the TDE, midlevel and oral opening CSA, and volume were significantly higher in the contact group compared with the noncontact group. The larger the pretreatment θ1 and θ3 were, the higher was the chance of incisors not contacting the IC.ConclusionsMaxillary central incisors not contacting the IC after anterior retraction was positively associated with larger degrees of pretreatment maxillary alveolar bone angle and maxillary central incisor angle.
Antimicrobial impacts of zinc oxide nanoparticles on Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (serotype O26)
Authors: Sherif Rasha M. , Talat Dalia , Alaidaroos Bothaina A. , Farsi Reem M. , Hassoubah Shahira A. , Jaber Fatima A. , Azer Treza M. , El-Masry Reham M. , Abd El-Hack Mohamed E. , Ibrahim Madiha S. , Elbestawy Ahmed 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The antibacterial activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) has received significant attention worldwide due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms. Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli is a major foodborne pathogen that causes gastroenteritis that may be complicated by hemorrhagic colitis or hemolytic uremic syndrome. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of ZnO NPs against E. coli O26 and its Shiga toxin type 2 (Stx2). Multidrug resistance phenotype was observed in E. coli O26, with co-resistance to several unrelated families of antimicrobial agents. Different concentrations of ZnO NPs nanoparticles (20 nm) were tested against different cell densities of E. coli O26 (108, 106 and 105 CFU/ml). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value was 1 mg/ml. Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was 1.5 mg/ml, 2.5 mg/ml and 3 mg/ml, respectively, depending on ZnO NPs concentrations and bacterial cell density. Results showed a significant (P≤0.05) decrease in Stx2 level in a response to ZnO NPs treatment. As detected by quantitative real-time PCR, ZnO NPs down-regulated the expression of the Stx2 gene (P≤0.05). Moreover, various concentrations of ZnO NPs considerably reduced the total protein content in E. coli O26. There was a significant reduction in protein expression with increased ZnO NPs concentration compared to the non-treated control. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) of the treated bacteria showed severe disruptive effects on E. coli O26 with increasing ZnO NPs concentration. The results revealed a strong correlation between the antibacterial effect and ZnO NPs concentrations. ZnO NPs exert their antibacterial activities through various mechanisms and could be used as a potent antibacterial agent against E. coli O26.
Literary Form and Ethical Content
Authors: Lamarque Peter 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The paper offers a qualified endorsement of Terry Eagleton’s striking claim that “a work’s moral outlook … may be secreted as much in its form as its content”. A number of points are raised in defence of the claim: an argument for the inseparability, under certain conditions, of form and content in a literary work; an idea of moral content, not as derived moral principle, but as inward-facing interpretation grounded in an ethical vocabulary; the possibility of internal and external perspectives on fictional characters; and an emphasis on emotions expressed in, rather than caused by, narrative. Three literary examples are explored, to show how vocabulary, syntax, implicature, and tone, contribute to the emergence of moral salience. A consequence drawn is that the ethical stance readers take to a scene or incident is partially shaped by the narrative modes of its presentation. The overall perspective of the paper is that of aesthetic autonomism: the view that the aesthetic value of a work of literature is distinct from, and not reducible to, any instrumental moral values (positive or negative) attributed to the work.
Assessing the Ethos Theory of Music
Authors: Young James O. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The view that music can have a positive or negative effect on a person’s character has been defended throughout the history of philosophy. This paper traces some of the history of the ethos theory and identifies a version of the theory that could be true. This version of the theory can be traced to Plato and Aristotle and was given a clear statement by Herbert Spencer in the nineteenth century. The paper then examines some of the empirical literature on how music can affect dispositions to behave and moral judgement. None of this evidence provides much support for the ethos theory. The paper then proposes a programme of research that has the potential to confirm the ethos theory.
Effect of Organic Fertilization on the Physiological Status of Tomatoes under Abiotic Stress
Authors: Kostadinov Kostadin , Chipilski Radoslav , Filipov Stoyan , Shopova Nadezhda 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
During the vegetation period of the years 2020 and 2021 in the experimental field at Agricultural University - Plovdiv it was conducted a physiological study of tomato cultivar (Rugby) with determined growth under the treatment with chemical and organic fertilizers. The aims of the study were to determine the changes in physiological behaviour and productivity of field tomatoes depending on the fertilization and dates of planting. The physiological assessment included the measuring of some parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll content index. Chlorophyll fluorescence has proved to have the potential to detect abiotic stress effects on photosynthetic efficiency. This technique was used to assess growth intensity in tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum), grown in different types of fertilizer treatment and planted in three additional dates – 30.04, 07.05 and 14.05 in conditions of ambient heat stress. Results have shown the slight effect of the applied organic fertilizer upon fluorescence parameters but significantly improved chlorophyll content index compared to no treatment variant. Additionally, it was measured higher chlorophyll content index for the second and third planting dates. The highest average yield was calculated for the NPK variant, as the statistically significant differences of the yield between control and fertilization variants were calculated in 2021. It possessed the highest average yield for second planting compared to the third date of planting.