bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MiR‐30b‐5p attenuates the inflammatory response and facilitates the functional recovery of spinal cord injury by targeting the NEFL/mTOR pathway
Authors: Zhang Hui , Wang Duojun , Tong Jinyu , Fang Jianguo , Lin Zaijun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundNeurofilament light chain (NEFL) has been identified as a biomarker for spinal cord injury (SCI), but its effect and underlying mechanism in SCI remain unclear.MethodsSCI rat models were established for in vivo studies. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced cell models were used for in vitro studies. The protein and mRNA expression levels of genes were evaluated by western blotting and reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‒qPCR). The pathological changes in rats after SCI were subjected to histological examinations. The interaction of NEFL and upstream miRNAs was explored using dual‐luciferase reporter gene assays.ResultsNEFL was highly expressed in SCI rat spinal cord tissues and LPS‐stimulated PC12 cells. NEFL silencing showed an inhibitory effect on the morphological changes of SCI rats and the secretion of inflammatory factors and facilitated functional recovery of SCI rats. MiR‐30b‐5p was demonstrated to target NEFL and negatively regulate NEFL mRNA and protein levels. Downregulation of miR‐30b‐5p in SCI cell and rat models was demonstrated. MiR‐30b‐5p alleviated the inflammatory response in SCI rat models and LPS‐stimulated PC12 cells and promoted functional recovery in rats by targeting NEFL. NEFL activated mTOR signaling. MiR‐30b‐5p inactivated mTOR signaling by negatively regulating NEFL.ConclusionMiR‐30b‐5p alleviated the inflammatory response and facilitated the functional recovery of SCI rats by targeting NEFL to inactivate the mTOR pathway.
Clinical features and power spectral entropy of electroencephalography in Wilson's disease with dystonia
Authors: Zhang Shaoru , Liu Aiqun , Zhou Zhihua , Huang Zheng , Cheng Jing , Chen Danping , Zhong Qizhi , Yu Qingyun , Peng Zhongxing , Hong Mingfan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo study the clinical features and power spectral entropy (PSE) of electroencephalography signals in Wilson's disease (WD) patients with dystonia.MethodsSeveral scale evaluations were performed to assess the clinical features of WD patients. Demographic information and electroencephalography signals were obtained in all subjects.Results34 WD patients with dystonia were recruited in the case group and 24 patients without dystonia were recruited in the control group. 20 healthy individuals were included in the healthy control group. The mean body mass index (BMI) in the case group was significantly lower than that in the controls (p < .05). The case group had significantly higher SAS, SDS, and Bucco‐Facial‐Apraxia Assessment scores (p < .05). Total BADS scores in the case group were lower than those in the control group (p < .01). Note that 94.11% of the case group presented with dysarthria and 70.59% of them suffered from dysphagia. Dysphagia was mainly related to the oral preparatory stage and oral stage. Mean power spectral entropy (PSE) values in the case group were significantly different (p < .05) from those in the control group and the healthy group across the different tasks.ConclusionsThe patients with dystonia were usually accompanied with low BMI, anxiety, depression, apraxia, executive dysfunction, dysarthria and dysphagia. The cortical activities of the WD patients with dystonia seemed to be more chaotic during the eyes‐closed and reading tasks but lower during the swallowing stages than those in the control group.
The effect of corporate governance on corporate environmental sustainability: A multilevel review and research agenda
Authors: Karn Ina , Mendiratta Esha , Fehre Kerstin , Oehmichen Jana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractClimate change is a major challenge facing society. Given its intricate links with business, governance scholars have shown an increasing interest in understanding how corporate governance (CG) actors can improve corporate environmental sustainability (CES). In this article, we review the literature focusing on CG and CES. We assess the importance of the motivations, expertise, and power of CG actors at different levels (individual, team, firm, and supra‐firm) for CES. Using this as a guiding framework, we build a multilevel synthesis highlighting the theoretical mechanisms around motivations, expertise, and power suggested in the literature. Based on this synthesis, we present critical reflections on the extant knowledge. Finally, we develop a future research agenda that calls for research at single levels, but also for integrative research examining how CG actors at multiple levels collectively shape CES.
Evaluation of Anti‐Alzheimer Activity of Synthetic Coumarins by Combination of in Vitro and in Silico Approaches
Authors: Erdogan Orhan Ilkay , Deniz F. Sezer Senol , Salmas Ramin Ekhteiari , Irmak Sule , Acar Ozden Ozgun , Turgut Gurbet Celik , Sen Alaattin , Zbancioc Ana‐Maria , Luca Simon Vlad , Skiba Adrianna , Skalicka‐Woźniak Krystyna , Tataringa Gabriela 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSeries of synthetic coumarin derivatives (1‐16) were tested against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), two enzymes linked to the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Compound 16 was the most active AChE inhibitor with IC50 32.23±2.91 μM, while the reference (galantamine) had IC50=1.85±0.12 μM. Compounds 9 (IC5075.14±1.82 μM), 13 (IC50=16.14±0.43 μM), were determined to be stronger BChE inhibitors than the reference galantamine (IC50=93.53±2.23 μM). The IC50 value of compound 16 for BChE inhibition (IC50=126.56±11.96 μM) was slightly higher than galantamine. The atomic interactions between the ligands and the key amino acids inside the binding cavities were simulated to determine their ligand‐binding positions and free energies. The three inhibitory coumarins (9, 13, 16) were next tested for their effects on the genes associated with AD using human neuroblastoma (SH‐SY5Y) cell lines. Our data indicate that they could be considered for further evaluation as new anti‐Alzheimer drug candidates.
Structural Characterization of an Alcohol‐Soluble Polysaccharide from Bletilla striata and Antitumor Activities in Vivo and in Vitro
Authors: Liu Chao , Liu An‐Jun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn general, Bletilla striata polysaccharides were mostly water‐soluble. However, the structural property, immunomodulatory effects and antitumor activities of alcohol‐soluble Bletilla striata polysaccharide were rarely reported. In this study, an alcohol‐soluble Bletilla striata polysaccharide was firstly extracted, investigated the structural property and evaluated the antitumor activity in vivo and in vitro. Results showed that BSAP was a low molecular weight polysaccharide (2.29×104 Da) and consisted of glucose, xylose and mannose (molar ratio: 2.39 : 1.00 : 0.21). Animal experiments results suggested that BSAP could effectively inhibit the expansion of H22 solid tumors, protect thymus and spleen, improve macrophages, lymphocytes and NK cells activities and enhance lymphocyte subsets proportion, presenting a better immunological enhancement effect in vivo. Additionally, the results of cell experiments showed that BSAP had obvious antitumor effect in vitro, including inhibiting the proliferation of H22 cells and inducing the apoptosis of tumor cells. These results would provide theoretical basis and new ideas for the further development and utilization of BSAP in the biomedical field.
Dioxygen Splitting by a Tantalum(V) Complex Ligated by a Rigid, Redox Non‐Innocent Pincer Ligand**
Authors: Underhill Jack , Yang Eric S. , Schmidt‐Räntsch Till , Myers William K. , Goicoechea Jose M. , Abbenseth Josh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe reaction of TaMe3Cl2 with the rigid acridane‐derived trisamine H3NNN yields the tantalum(V) complex [TaCl2(NNNcat)]. Subsequent reaction with dioxygen results in the full four‐electron reduction of O2 yielding the oxido‐bridged bimetallic complex [{TaCl2(NNNsq)}2O]. This dinuclear complex features an open‐shell ground state due to partial ligand oxidation and was comprehensively characterized by single crystal X‐ray diffraction, LIFDI mass spectrometry, NMR, EPR, IR and UV/VIS/NIR spectroscopy. The mechanism of O2 activation was investigated by DFT calculations revealing initial binding of O2 to the tantalum(V) center followed by complete O2 scission to produce a terminal oxido‐complex.
Keys to improve the efficiency of nanoparticle‐stabilized foam injection based on influential mechanisms
Authors: Reisi Fateme , Khosravi Maryam , Rostami Behzad , Vatanparast Hamid , Fathollahi Alireza 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe effect of the existence of nanoparticles on foam stability, foamability, and the oil recovery factor (RF) has been studied experimentally, and influential phenomena and mechanisms have been examined. A sequence of experiments, including, ‘foam bulk‐static experiments’, ‘surface tension (ST) measurements,’ and ‘micromodel foam flood,’ were designed and then implemented to study the foam behaviour in two foam systems: (1) anionic‐nanoparticles + cationic‐surfactant and (2) anionic‐nanoparticles + anionic‐surfactant. This study provides a comprehensive insight into the mechanisms affecting the stability of nanoparticle‐stabilized foam. Also, despite previous studies, the effect of Marangoni flow on nanoparticle‐stabilized foam has been discussed briefly. Results show that the interactions of effective mechanisms work differently in the two series. In the like‐charge system, surfactant molecules accumulate in the interface of lamellas due to repulsive forces; therefore, stability and foamability improve as surface tension and molecular diffusion reduce. Additionally, Marangoni flow restitutes the negative impact of gravity drainage. In the unlike‐charge system, observations illustrate that nanoparticles reach the interface. The presence of nanoparticles at the interface increases detachment energy significantly, and as a result, the stability is boosted. The accumulation of nanoparticles in the interface changes it to a solid‐like surface with limited diffusibility and viscosity. Although Marangoni flow is lost, reducing molecular diffusion improves foam stability. Flooding tests show that foam stability increment improves sweep efficiency at near‐wellbore areas even when foamability is weak. Finally, it can be claimed that in the unlike‐charge system, the sweep efficiency and foam stability increase to a greater extent.
Dual‐template synthesis of hierarchical porous carbon and its application in electrical double‐layer capacitors
Authors: Xu Liwen , Yuan Xiaodan , Gu Chengjun , Ding Jing , Lin Zisheng , Meng Junguang , Liu Changqi , Wang Xinye , Bu Changsheng , Zhang Jubing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHierarchical porous carbons (HPCs) with tailored pore structure were fabricated via direct carbonization of a precursor consisting of agar and acetates in an inert atmosphere. The agar served as the carbon source and curing agent, while potassium acetate and calcium acetate were used to create micropores and mesopores, respectively. The morphology and structural features of the HPCs were characterized, and the electrochemical properties were estimated in a three‐electrode system with 6 M KOH as the electrolyte. The resulting HPCs possess a developed pore structure and concentrated pore size distribution (focused at 0.4 and 4 nm), and exhibit typical electrical double‐layer capacitive behaviour. Specially, the HCP‐2 owns a large specific surface area of 1441.65 m2/g and excellent electrochemical properties, including a favourable specific capacitance (235 F/g at 1 A/g), good rate capability (capacitance retention rate of 88.1% at 20 A/g), and impressive long‐term cycling stability (90.6% retention of initial capacitance after 3000 cycles).
Variation pattern classification of functional data
Authors: Jiao Shuhao , Frostig Ron D. , Ombao Hernando 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA new classification method for functional data is proposed in this article. This work is motivated by the need to identify features that discriminate between neurological conditions on which local field potentials (LFPs) were recorded. Regardless of the condition, these LFPs have zero mean, and thus the first moments of these random processes do not have discriminating power. We propose the variation pattern classification (VPC) method which employs the second‐moment structure as the discriminating feature and uses the Hilbert–Schmidt norm to measure the discrepancy between the second‐moment structure of different groups. The proposed VPC method is demonstrated to be sensitive to the discrepancy, potentially leading to a higher rate of classification. One important innovation lies in the dimension reduction where the VPC method adaptively determines the basis functions (discriminative feature functions) that account for the major discrepancy. In addition, the selected discriminative feature functions provide insights into the discrepancy between different groups because they reveal the features of variation pattern that differentiate groups. Consistency properties are established and, furthermore, simulation studies and the analysis of rat brain LFP trajectories empirically demonstrate the advantages and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Prevalence, predictors, and clinical relevance of α‐gal sensitization in patients with chronic urticaria
Authors: Pedersen Helena Swee‐Lin Trige , Sørensen Jennifer Astrup , Madsen Flemming , Linneberg Allan , Leth‐Møller Katja Biering , Vestergaard Christian , Thomsen Simon Francis 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about α‐gal (galactose‐α‐1,3‐galactose) sensitization in patients with chronic urticaria (CU). The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence, predictors and clinical relevance of α‐gal sensitization in patients with CU.MethodsTwo consecutive cohorts of newly referred patients with CU from a primary care allergology practice and a tertiary hospital dermatology department, plus a control group with allergic disease, but not CU, from the allergology practice, were interviewed and screened for α‐gal sensitization (serum specific‐IgE ≥0.35 KU/L).ResultsOf 733 patients included, 21 (5.6%) and 11 (3.9%) of CU patients from private practice and hospital, respectively, were α‐gal sensitized. In total, 8 patients (38.1% of sensitized patients, and 2.1% of all CU patients) from private practice, and 2 patients (18.2% of sensitized patients, and 0.7% of all CU patients) from hospital, had clinically relevant α‐gal allergy. In private practice, male sex (47.6 vs. 24.7%), p = 0.020, obesity (33.3 vs. 23.6%), p = 0.302, and frequency of angioedema (61.9 vs. 51.4%), p = 0.350; and in hospital, male sex (72.7 vs. 27.9%), p = 0.003, and high total immunoglobulin E (median 168 vs. 70.5 KU/L), p = 0.022 were associated with α‐gal sensitization.Conclusionα‐gal sensitization is observed in a small fraction of CU patients with only few patients experiencing clinically relevant sensitization. Certain patients, particularly from primary care, may constitute a relevant population for aimed testing.
Integrated clinical genotype‐phenotype characteristics of early T‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Ye Matthew T. , Wang Yi , Zuo Zhuang , Calin Steliana , He Hua , Tang Zhenya , Jabbour Elias J. , Borthakur Gautam , Zhang Yizhuo , Yang Yaling , You M. James 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundEarly T‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ETP‐ALL) is a distinct subtype of T‐ALL with a unique immunophenotype and high treatment failure rate. The molecular genetic abnormalities and their prognostic impact in ETP‐ALL patients are poorly understood.MethodsThe authors performed systematic analyses of the clinicopathologic features with an emphasis on molecular genetic aspects of 32 patients with ETP‐ALL.ResultsThe median age was 43 years (range, 16–71). The blasts were positive for cytoplasmic CD3 and CD7 and negative for CD1a and CD8. Other markers expressed included CD34 (88%), CD33 (72%), CD117 (68%), CD13 (58%), CD5 (partial, 56%), CD2 (38%), CD10 (25%), CD56 (partial, 19%), and CD4 (6%). Cytogenetic analyses revealed a diploid karyotype in 10 patients, simple (1–2) abnormalities in 10 patients, and complex karyotype in 10 patients. Next‐generation sequencing for 21 patients demonstrated that all had gene mutations (median, four mutations per patient). The most frequently mutated genes were WT1 (38%), NOTCH1 (29%), NRAS (29%), PHF6 (25%), TP53 (24%), ASXL1 (19%), FLT3 (19%), and IKZF1 (19%). All patients except one received multi‐agent chemotherapy, and 22 patients underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Thrombocytopenia, an abnormal karyotype, and TP53 mutation were associated with markedly shortened overall survival. Stem cell transplantation significantly improved overall survival.ConclusionsPatients with ETP‐ALL often have high mutation burden with increased genomic instability. TP53 mutation was the only molecular prognostic marker and was associated with complex karyotype and greater than or equal to five mutations. These patients may benefit from stem cell transplantation, and recurrent gene mutations may be novel therapeutic markers.
Perturbing π‐clouds with Substituents to Study the Effects on Reaction Dynamics of gauche‐1,3‐Butadiene to Bicyclobutane Electrocyclization
Authors: Kalita Papu , Medhi Biman , Singh Haobam Kisan , Bhattacharyya Himangshu Pratim , Gupt Nikhil , Sarma Manabendra 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe conical intersection (CI) governs the ultra‐fast relaxation of excited states in a radiationless manner and are observed mainly in photochemical processes. In the current work, we investigated the effects of substituents on the reaction dynamics for the conversion of gauche‐1,3‐butadiene to bicyclobutane via photochemical electrocyclization. We incorporated both electron withdrawing (−F) and donating (−CH3) groups in the conjugated system. In our study, we optimized the minimum energy conical intersection (MECI) geometries using the multi‐configurational state‐averaged CASSCF approach, whereas, to study the ground state reaction pathways for the substituted derivatives, dispersion corrected, B3LYP‐D3 functional was used. The non‐adiabatic surface hopping molecular dynamics simulations were performed to observe the behaviour of electronic states involved throughout the photoconversion process. The results obtained from the multi‐reference second‐order perturbation correction of energy at the XMS‐CASPT2 level of theory, topography analysis, and non‐adiabatic dynamics suggest that the −CH3 substituted derivatives can undergo faster thermal conversion to the product in the ground state with a smaller activation energy barrier compared to −F substituted derivative. Our study also reveals that the GBUT to BIBUT conversion follows both conrotatory and disrotatory pathways, whereas, on substitution with −F or −CH3, the conversion proceeds via the conrotatory pathway.
Evaluating Learning and Memory in Drosophila melanogaster to Study the Neurodevelopmental Impacts of Toxicants
Authors: Welch Chloe J. , Mulligan Kimberly A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNeurodevelopmental disorders are a heterogeneous group of behaviorally defined disorders with both genetic and environmental risk factors. Given that many neurodevelopmental disorders are characterized by impaired learning and/or intellectual abilities, behavioral paradigms that assess cognition in animal models have been effective tools in delineating underlying genetic variants that impact disease pathophysiology. For example, learning and memory paradigms in the common fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster have been successfully used to study risk genes and biological pathways associated with several neurodevelopmental disorders, including fragile X syndrome, autism spectrum disorder, and CHARGE syndrome. While these established Drosophila behavioral paradigms have historically been used to investigate genetic risk factors, they also have many other applications, including use in developmental neurotoxicology studies to determine environmental risk factors for neurodevelopmental disorders. There is, however, a deficit of step‐by‐step protocols that describe how to apply learning and memory assays in fruit flies to developmental neurotoxicology studies. Here, we describe two quantitative behavioral paradigms for Drosophila—predator‐induced oviposition and courtship conditioning—that can be used to measure different forms of learning and memory in the context of a developmental neurotoxicology study. Non‐associative learning and memory are measured here by examining female Drosophila oviposition behavior in response to endoparasitoid wasps, while associative learning and memory are measured in males using courtship conditioning. Our protocols outline procedures for oral toxicant exposure of developing fruit flies, culturing of endoparasitoid wasps, measuring Drosophila oviposition activity, and assessing conditioned courtship in order to identify the impact of toxicants on learning and memory in both females and males. As an example, we present the protocols using bisphenol A, a chemical utilized in the synthesis of polycarbonate plastics, to determine its impacts on learning and memory. These protocols are inexpensive and relatively simple to perform, and can be used by labs that are new to Drosophila behavioral research to evaluate how toxicant exposure influences learning and memory in male and female flies. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Preparation of toxicant‐containing food and developmental exposureBasic Protocol 2: Predator‐induced oviposition assaySupport Protocol: Culture of Leptopilina heterotomaBasic Protocol 3: Conditioned courtship assay
Prediction of regrowth and biomass of perennial sorghum using unoccupied aerial systems
Authors: Nakasagga Shakirah , Adak Alper , Murray Seth C. , Rooney William L. , Hoffmann Leo , Wilde Scott , Lindsey Regan , Nabukalu Pheonah , Cox Stan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPerennial grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] has potential to produce grain and forage while improving soil health, ecosystem services, and carbon soil sequestration but requires further genetic improvement. Unoccupied aerial systems (UAS, also known as drones and unmanned aerial systems) provide opportunities to quickly evaluate plant traits on a large scale with precision. Unoccupied aerial system flights were used to evaluate biomass yield and rhizome characteristics of 100 diverse sorghum hybrids, most being from an interspecific hybridization program, in the establishment year and first year of regrowth. Twenty‐one vegetation indices (VIs) with canopy height measurements (CHMs) were processed from seven UAS flights made temporally during each growing season. Regression of the temporal data (VI and CHM) and phenotypic traits, including rhizome characteristics based on plant stand count (PSC), rhizome‐derived shoots (RDS), and fresh and dry biomass yields, showed useful predictions when combining temporal VI with CHM and machine learning. Blue chromatic coordinate index (BCC) best predicted all measured traits. If predictions could be generalized, UAS would reduce field evaluation time for perennial sorghum or breeding perennial grasses in general and allow breeders to evaluate additional genotypes. In this study, we found that optimizing flights to specific dates after planting could minimize resource requirements and costs in prediction of regrowth and biomass yield of perennial sorghum.