bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome analysis of aphids exposed to glandular trichomes in tomato reveals stress and starvation related responses
Authors: Planelló Rosario , Llorente Lola , Herrero Óscar , Novo Marta , Blanco-Sánchez Lidia , Díaz-Pendón Juan Antonio , Fernández-Muñoz Rafael , Ferrero Victoria , de la Peña Eduardo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the responses of insect herbivores to plant chemical defences is pivotal for the management of crops and pests. However, the mechanisms of interaction are not entirely understood. In this study, we compared the whole transcriptome gene expression of the aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae grown on two different varieties of tomato that differ in their inducible chemical defences. We used two isogenic lines of tomato with a shared genetic background that only differ in the presence of type IV glandular trichomes and their associated acylsucrose excretions. This works also reports a de novo transcriptome of the aphid M. euphorbiae. Subsequently, we identified a unique and distinct gene expression profile for the first time corresponding to aphid´s exposure to type IV glandular trichomes and acylsugars. The analysis of the aphid transcriptome shows that tomato glandular trichomes and their associated secretions are highly efficient in triggering stress-related responses in the aphid, and demonstrating that their role in plant defence goes beyond the physical impediment of herbivore activity. Some of the differentially expressed genes were associated with carbohydrate, lipid and xenobiotic metabolisms, immune system, oxidative stress response and hormone biosynthesis pathways. Also, the observed responses are compatible with a starvation syndrome. The transcriptome analysis puts forward a wide range of genes involved in the synthesis and regulation of detoxification enzymes that reveal important underlying mechanisms in the interaction of the aphid with its host plant and provides a valuable genomic resource for future study of biological processes at the molecular level using this aphid.
NetREX-CF integrates incomplete transcription factor data with gene expression to reconstruct gene regulatory networks
Authors: Wang Yijie , Lee Hangnoh , Fear Justin M. , Berger Isabelle , Oliver Brian , Przytycka Teresa M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe inference of Gene Regulatory Networks (GRNs) is one of the key challenges in systems biology. Leading algorithms utilize, in addition to gene expression, prior knowledge such as Transcription Factor (TF) DNA binding motifs or results of TF binding experiments. However, such prior knowledge is typically incomplete, therefore, integrating it with gene expression to infer GRNs remains difficult. To address this challenge, we introduce NetREX-CF—Regulatory Network Reconstruction using EXpression and Collaborative Filtering—a GRN reconstruction approach that brings together Collaborative Filtering to address the incompleteness of the prior knowledge and a biologically justified model of gene expression (sparse Network Component Analysis based model). We validated the NetREX-CF using Yeast data and then used it to construct the GRN for Drosophila Schneider 2 (S2) cells. To corroborate the GRN, we performed a large-scale RNA-Seq analysis followed by a high-throughput RNAi treatment against all 465 expressed TFs in the cell line. Our knockdown result has not only extensively validated the GRN we built, but also provides a benchmark that our community can use for evaluating GRNs. Finally, we demonstrate that NetREX-CF can infer GRNs using single-cell RNA-Seq, and outperforms other methods, by using previously published human data.
Retracted: Collaborative learning‐assisted recommendation of social trust over Web of Things
Authors: Shrivastava Kapil , Saravanan Veerasamy , Rizwan Ali , Karras Dimitrios A. , Kumar Jitendra , Dighriri Mohammed 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe above article from IET Communications, published online on 24 November 2022 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the Interim Editor‐in‐Chief, Jian Ren, the Institution of Engineering and Technology (the IET) and John Wiley and Sons Ltd. This article was published as part of a Guest Edited special issue. Following an investigation, the IET and the journal have determined that the article was not reviewed in line with the journal's peer review standards and there is evidence that the peer review process of the special issue underwent systematic manipulation. Accordingly, we cannot vouch for the integrity or reliability of the content. As such we have taken the decision to retract the article. The authors have been informed of the decision to retract.
DCACorrCapsNet: A deep channel‐attention correlative capsule network for COVID‐19 detection based on multi‐source medical images
Authors: Zhao Aite , Wu Huimin , Chen Ming , Wang Nana 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe raging trend of COVID‐19 in the world has become more and more serious since 2019, causing large‐scale human deaths and affecting production and life. Generally speaking, the methods of detecting COVID‐19 mainly include the evaluation of human disease characterization, clinical examination and medical imaging. Among them, CT and X‐ray screening is conducive to doctors and patients' families to observe and diagnose the severity and development of the COVID‐19 more intuitively. Manual diagnosis of medical images leads to low the efficiency, and long‐term tired gaze will decline the diagnosis accuracy. Therefore, a fully automated method is needed to assist processing and analysing medical images. Deep learning methods can rapidly help differentiate COVID‐19 from other pneumonia‐related diseases or healthy subjects. However, due to the limited labelled images and the monotony of models and data, the learning results are biased, resulting in inaccurate auxiliary diagnosis. To address these issues, a hybrid model: deep channel‐attention correlative capsule network, for channel‐attention based spatial feature extraction, correlative feature extraction, and fused feature classification is proposed. Experiments are validated on X‐ray and CT image datasets, and the results outperform a large number of existing state‐of‐the‐art studies.
Hyperspectral anomaly detection via weighted‐sparsity‐regularized tensor linear representation
Authors: Wang Jingxuan , Sun Jinqiu , Xia Yong , Zhang Yanning 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAnomaly detection aims at locating the spectral different objects of a specific scene without any prior information, and has gained increasing attention. By decomposing the input hyperspectral image (HSI) into a background tensor and an anomaly tensor, the tensor approximation is an efficient tool for detecting the anomalies. Low rankness is usually utilized as the regularizer during the background reconstruction process. Different from most existing hyperspectral anomaly detection methods which compute the truncated nuclear norm of the third folding of the original HSI, a novel weighted‐sparsity‐regularized tensor linear representation (WsrTLR) method is proposed for hyperspectral anomaly detection in this paper. Tensor linear representation is utilized to formulate the background HSI by a three‐dimensional (3D) representation base and the corresponding 3D representation coefficient. Low rankness is applied to constrict the representation coefficient, an operation which avoids destroying the multi‐way structure and losing information during the matrixing process, and ensures a satisfactory detection accuracy. Meanwhile, by incorporating the weighted‐sparsity‐regularized tensor linear representation to reconstruct the background tensor, the anomalies can be easily detected by eliminating the background tensor from the original scene. In addition, to avoid negative influence caused by the redundant bands and noisy bands in the representation process, informative bands have been first selected via an optimal neighborhood reconstruction strategy. Experimental results and data analysis on four real hyperspectral datasets, which contain anomalies with different sizes, have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A quantitative evaluation of lung nodule spiculation based on image enhancement
Authors: Tao Juliang , Wang Yongli , Ding Xiaoyun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLung cancer manifests itself as lung nodules at an early stage. Segmentation of lung nodules and quantitative evaluation of spiculation can assist physicians in distinguishing benign and malignant lung nodules. The identification of malignant nodules for early diagnosis and treatment can improve the survival rate of patients. In this paper, a quantitative evaluation method of lung nodule spiculation is proposed based on image enhancement. The proposed method combines super‐resolution reconstruction‐based image enhancement techniques with lung nodule segmentation algorithms to improve the accuracy of segmentation and to quantify the degree of distinctness of the spiculation of lung nodule, which can provide a reliable basis for computer‐aided diagnosis and treatment of lung nodules. First, the method uses Laplacian pyramid image restoration technique and Gaussian differential scale‐invariant feature to enhance the details and edge information of lung CT images. Then the improved Random Walk algorithm is used to segment the enhanced lung images and extract lung nodules. Finally, the spiculation index, which measures the spiculation of breast nodules, is used to quantify the spiculation of nodules. The experimental results show that the method can effectively segment lung nodules and quantitatively evaluate the spiculation of lung nodules.
Traumatische Rückenmarkverletzungen im Sport – eine Analyse eines spezialisierten Traumazentrums von 22 Jahren
Authors: Bernstorff Maria Alexandra , Adler Cordula , Schumann Norman , Kruppa Christiane , Schildhauer Thomas Armin , Hoffmann Martin Franz , Aach Mirko , Königshausen Matthias 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung
Einführung Aktuell gibt es nur wenige Daten zu traumatischen Wirbelsäulenverletzungen mit neurologischer Beteiligung im Hinblick auf Sportunfälle in Deutschland. Ziel dieser Studie ist es, die Häufigkeit traumatischer Rückenmarksverletzungen, verursacht durch verschiedene Sportunfälle, aus den letzten 22 Jahren darzustellen.
Methoden Die vorliegende Studie ist eine retrospektive Auswertung traumatischer Rückenmarksverletzungen (tSCI) bei sportlicher Aktivität eines Level-1-Traumazentrums mit Abteilung zur Behandlung von Rückenmarksverletzungen in Deutschland der letzten 22 Jahre.Die Akten der in den Jahren 1998–2020 behandelten Patient*innen wurden im Hinblick auf die Anamnese untersucht und diejenigen Fälle genauer betrachtet, bei denen es sich ursächlich um Sportaktivitäten handelte. Zusätzlich wurden Art und Schwere der Verletzung sowie die Geschlechtsverteilung erfasst.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden 1630 Patient*innen mit traumatischen Wirbelsäulenverletzungen mit Rückenmarksbeteiligung eingeschlossen. Von diesen 1630 Patient*innen waren n=116 (7,1%) Sportunfälle. Das Alter dieser Subpopulation war mit 41 Jahren signifikant jünger (p=0,05) als die Gesamtgruppe der tSCI mit 50 Jahren. Eine detailliertere Analyse der Sportverletzungen ergab, dass in absteigender Reihenfolge Reit- (n=22), Winter- (n=18), Luft- (n=16), Motor- (n=16) und Radsport (n=15) die häufigsten ursächlichen Faktoren für diese besonders schweren Wirbelsäulenverletzungen waren. Bei der Verteilung der Lokalisation der Wirbelsäulenverletzung in Bezug auf die Art des ausgeübten Sports zeigte sich im Luftsport ein signifikantes Ergebnis, wonach sich die Patient*innen dieser Gruppe hauptsächlich Verletzungen der Lendenwirbelsäule zuzogen (p<0,01). Die Geschlechterverteilung der einzelnen Sportarten zeigt im Pferdesport (männlich < weiblich, p < 0,01), im Luftsport (männlich > weiblich, p = 0,05) und im Radsport (männlich > weiblich, p = 0,07) signifikante Ergebnisse.
Fazit Zusammengefasst ist vor allem Reitsport beim weiblichen Geschlecht in der Kategorie Sportverletzungen am häufigsten ursächlich für traumatische Wirbelsäulenverletzungen, obwohl Frauen insgesamt einen deutlich geringeren Anteil der Patient*innen mit traumatischen Wirbelsäulenverletzungen einnehmen als Männer. Ferner führen Winter- (n=18), Luft- (n=16), Motor- (n=15) und Radsport (n=15) zu häufigen traumatischen Wirbelsäulenverletzungen im Sportsektor. Patient*innen mit traumatischen Wirbelsäulenverletzungen mit spinaler Beteiligung bedingt durch Sportunfälle waren signifikant jünger als diejenigen der Gesamtheit aller traumatischer Wirbelsäulenverletzungen.
Perioperative Hypoxemia and Postoperative Respiratory Events in Infants with Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
Authors: van den Bunder Fenne A.I.M. , Stevens Markus F. , van Woensel Job B.M. , van de Brug Tim , van Heurn L.W Ernest , Derikx Joep P.M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background Normalization of metabolic alkalosis is an important pillar in the treatment of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) because uncorrected metabolic alkalosis may lead to perioperative respiratory events. However, the evidence on the incidence of respiratory events is limited. We aimed to study the incidence of peroperative hypoxemia and postoperative respiratory events in infants undergoing pyloromyotomy and the potential role of metabolic alkalosis.
Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed all patients undergoing pyloromyotomy between 2007 and 2017. All infants received intravenous fluids preoperatively to correct metabolic abnormalities close to normal. We assessed the incidence of perioperative hypoxemia (defined as oxygen saturation [SpO2] < 90% for > 1min) and postoperative respiratory events. Additionally, the incidence of difficult intubations was evaluated. We performed a multivariate logistic regression analysis to evaluate the association between admission or preoperative serum pH values, bicarbonate or chloride, and peri- and postoperative hypoxemia or respiratory events.
Results Of 406 included infants, 208 (51%) developed 1 or more episodes of hypoxemia during the perioperative period, of whom 130 (32%) experienced it during induction, 43 (11%) intraoperatively, and 112 (28%) during emergence. About 7.5% of the infants had a difficult intubation and 17 required more than 3 attempts by a pediatric anesthesiologist. Three patients developed respiratory insufficiency and 95 postoperative respiratory events were noticed. We did not find a clinically meaningful association between laboratory values reflecting metabolic alkalosis and respiratory events.
Conclusions IHPS frequently leads to peri- and postoperative hypoxemia or respiratory events and high incidence of difficult tracheal intubations. Preoperative pH, bicarbonate, and chloride were bad predictors of respiratory events.
Risk of Arthroplasty in Patients with Subchondral Insufficiency Fractures of the Knee: A Matched Study of the Implantable Shock Absorber using a Validated Predictive Model
Authors: Pareek Ayoosh , Parkes Chad W. , Slynarski Konrad , Walawski Jacek , Smigielski Robert , Merwe Willem van der , Krych Aaron J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSubchondral insufficiency fractures of the knee (SIFK) can result in high rates of osteoarthritis and arthroplasty. The implantable shock absorber (ISA) implant is a titanium and polycarbonate urethane device which reduces the load on the medial compartment of the knee by acting as an extra-articular load absorber while preserving the joint itself. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether partially unloading the knee with the ISA altered the likelihood of progression to arthroplasty utilizing a validated predictive risk model (SIFK score). A retrospective case-control (2:1) study was performed on patients with SIFK without any previous surgery and on those implanted with the ISA with the primary outcome being progression to arthroplasty compared with nonoperative treatment at 2 years. Baseline and final radiographs, as well as magnetic resonance imagings, were reviewed for the evaluation of meniscus or ligament injuries, insufficiency fractures, and subchondral edema. Patients from a prospective study were matched using the exact SIFK Score, a validated predictive score for progression to arthroplasty in patients with SIFK, to those who received the ISA implant. Kaplan–Meier analysis was conducted to assess survival. A total of 57 patients (38 controls:19 ISA) with a mean age of 60.6 years and 54% female were included. The SIFK score was matched exactly between cases and controls for all patients. The 2-year survival rate of 100% for the ISA group was significantly higher than the corresponding rate of 61% for the control group (p < 0.01). In ISA, 0% of the patients converted to arthroplasty at 2 years, and 5% (one patient) had hardware removal at 1 year. When stratified by risk, the ISA group did not have a significantly higher survival compared with low-risk (p = 0.3) or medium-risk (p = 0.2) controls, though it had a significantly higher survival for high-risk groups at 2 years (100 vs. 15%, p < 0.01). SIFK of the medial knee can lead to significant functional limitation and high rates of conversion to arthroplasty. Implants such as the ISA have the potential to alter the progression to arthroplasty in these patients, especially those at high risk.
Response to botulinum toxin may predict response to peroral pyloromyotomy in patients with gastroparesis
Authors: Wadhwa Vaibhav , Gonzalez Adalberto , Azar Francisco , Singh Harjinder , Gupta Kapil , Liang Hong , Schneider Alison , Ponsky Jeffery , Erim Tolga , Rodriguez John , Castro Fernando J. 
Published: November 2022

Background Patients with gastroparesis who have undergone prior intrapyloric botulinum toxin injection (BTI) may seek an opinion regarding peroral pyloromyotomy (POP). There are only two small reports assessing the role of BTI as a predictor for successful treatment with POP.
Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study to assess whether symptomatic improvement after BTI predicts a response to POP. We included 119 patients who had undergone both BTI and POP at Cleveland Clinic Ohio or Cleveland Clinic Florida from January 2016 to September 2019.
Results 65.5 % of patients had symptomatic improvement after BTI. Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) scores were available for 74 patients, with 64 % achieving a response to POP, defined as a decrease in mean GCSI ≥ 1. In multivariable analysis, response to BTI (odds ratio [OR] 7.7 [95 %CI 2.2–26.1]) and higher pre-POP GCSI score (OR 2.3 [95 %CI 1.2–4.6]) were independent predictors of response to POP.
Conclusions Clinical improvement after BTI is a predictor of response to POP in patients with gastroparesis. This information may aid in improving patient selection for POP.
Asymmetric Formal [3+2] Cycloaddition Reactions of 3-Isothio­cyanato Oxindoles: an Update
Authors: Tan Fen , He Xiao-Yu , Yang Qing-Qing , Zou You-Quan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract3-Isothiocyanato oxindoles are a class of important building blocks which have been widely used in the synthesis of structurally diverse enantioenriched spirooxindoles. In this short review, it is attempted to cover the recent synthetic aspects of 3-isothiocyanato oxindoles participated cascade cyclizations in the last few years (i.e., from 2017 to 2022), with an emphasis on formal [3+2] cycloaddition reactions.1	Introduction2	Organocatalyzed Formal [3+2] Cycloaddition of 3-Isothiocyanato Oxindoles3	Lewis Acid Catalyzed Formal [3+2] Cycloaddition of 3-Isothiocyanato Oxindoles4	Conclusions
Application of Cross-National Comparative Research Design in Medical and Nursing Education
Authors: Devi Barkha 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIt is impossible to think without making comparisons. In the absence of comparison, all scientific inquiry and investigation is meaningless. Comparison has a significant history in the study of human science, history, and culture. Comparative study in the subject of social theory may be seen since ancient Greek, and this unbroken history was only strengthened as time has elapsed. Comparison research is a process of determining and quantifying correlations between two or more variables by studying various groups that are subjected to various treatments, either by decision or by circumstances. A comparative analysis compares two or more similar groups, individuals, or conditions to arrive at a conclusion. Due to the result of ongoing processes such as the massive expansion in telecommunications, technical breakthroughs, and the inherent amplification of globalization trends, comparative research, particularly cross-national comparison, has received much interest lately. As a result, instances of comparative techniques may be found throughout the modern social sciences, health sciences, and humanities. Researchers have compared cases to each other, use statistical techniques to establish quantitative comparisons, compare cases to theoretically produce results, and compare case values on important factors to actual rates to examine co-variation.
Outcomes of Pediatric Patients with Sepsis Managed on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: An Analysis of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry
Authors: Holloway Adrian , Custer Jason , Patel Ripal , Alexander Peta , Rycus Peter , Foster Cortney , Bagdure Dayanand , June Angelina , Michtcherkin Vladimir , Blackwelder William , Baker-Smith Carissa , Bhutta Adnan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support is increasingly used for refractory septic shock. There is a lack of data on the outcomes of children requiring ECMO support for refractory septic shock. Our study objective was to describe the variables associated with survival, risk factors for mortality, and outcomes of children requiring ECMO support for refractory shock. This was retrospective registry study of 340 international centers contributing data to the ELSO Registry, analyzing children <18 years who received ECMO with septic shock, severe sepsis, sepsis, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, toxic shock syndrome, shock associated with infection, and septicemia from any organism from 1990 to 2015. Outcomes were analyzed by categorizing the data into survivors and nonsurvivors. Logistic regression models were used to describe the association of dependent variable and multiple independent variables. A total of 1,928 patients were identified who met the inclusion criteria. In total, 744 (38.5%) of the cohort survived. Survivors in this cohort tend to have a longer duration of ECMO (230 vs. 201 hours, p = 0.005) and shorter time from intubation to ECMO cannulation (87 vs. 116 hours, p = 0.0033) when compared to nonsurvivors. Survivors were also noted to have higher pH, higher serum bicarbonate, higher saturations, and higher systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures compared to nonsurvivors. These results suggest that early initiation of ECMO therapy for refractory sepsis is associated with better patient outcomes. ECMO is unlikely to recover patients once circulatory and metabolic collapse has developed.
A single quasi-cubic test mass configuration for space-based gravitational wave detection
Authors: Liu Yan-Chong , Yan Hao , Zhou Ze-Bing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Two test masses per spacecraft configuration is the main scheme and exhibits a high level of maturity for space-based gravitational wave detection. However, the single test mass configuration is continuously discussed with different designs to reduce technical complexities such as spacecraft control. This paper proposes a new configuration with a single quasi-cubic test mass per spacecraft. The new configuration inherits the existing capacitance displacement sensor and electrostatic actuator. It has the advantage of the suppression of centrifugal force effect due to the coincidence of the center of mass between the spacecraft and test mass. In addition, it has the advantages of simplifying the self-gravity compensation strategy and the drag-free attitude and orbit control strategy due to using a single test mass.