bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protocol for a pre-post, mixed-methods feasibility study of the Brain Bootcamp behaviour change intervention to promote healthy brain ageing in older adults
Authors: Siette Joyce , Dodds Laura , Dawes Piers , Richards Deborah , Savage Greg , Strutt Paul , Ijaz Kiran , Johnco Carly , Wuthrich Viviana , Heger Irene , Deckers Kay , Köhler Sebastian , Armitage Christopher J. 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionBehaviour change interventions represent key means for supporting healthy ageing and reducing dementia risk yet brief, scalable behaviour change interventions targeting dementia risk reduction in older adults is currently lacking. Here we describe the aims and design of the three-month Brain Bootcamp initiative that seeks to target multiple dementia risk and protective factors (healthy eating, physical, social and cognitive inactivity), through the use of multiple behaviour change techniques, including goal-setting for behaviour, information about health consequences and physical prompts to change behaviours that reduce dementia risk among older adults. Our secondary aim is to understand participants’ views of dementia prevention and explore the acceptability and integration of this campaign into daily life.MethodsBrain Bootcamp is a pre-post feasibility trial conducted in Sydney, Australia beginning in January 2021 until late August. Participants aged ≥65 years living independently in the community (n = 252), recruited through social media and flyers, will provide information about their demographics, medical history, alcohol consumption, smoking habits, mental health, physical activity, cognitive activity, and diet to generate a dementia risk profile at baseline and assess change therein at three-month follow-up. During the intervention, participants will receive a resource pack containing their individual risk profile, educational booklet on dementia risk factors and four physical items designed to prompt physical, social and mental activity, and better nutrition. Outcome measures include change in dementia risk scores, dementia awareness and motivation. A qualitative process evaluation will interview a sample of participants on the acceptability and feasibility of the intervention.DiscussionThis will be the first short-term multi-domain intervention targeting dementia risk reduction in older adults. Findings will generate a new evidence base on how to best support efforts targeting lifestyle changes and to identify ways to optimise acceptability and effectiveness towards brain health for older adults.Trial registration numberACTRN 381046(registered 17/02/2021); Pre-results.
Prevalence and correlates of pre-diabetes in adults of mixed ethnicities in the South African population: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sosibo Aubrey M. , Mzimela Nomusa C. , Ngubane Phikelelani S. , Khathi Andile 
Published: November 2022

Introduction
Pre-diabetes is a metabolic condition characterised by moderate glycaemic dysregulation and is a frontline risk factor for multiple metabolic complications such as type 2 diabetes mellitus. To the best of our knowledge, this will be the first systematic review and meta-analysis focusing on generating a comprehensive pooling of studies reporting on pre-diabetes prevalence in South Africa. Therefore, the review’s purpose will be to screen and select reports that can be used to synthesise and provide the best estimate prevalence of pre-diabetes and its associated correlates in the South African population.

Methods and analysis
To determine the prevalence and correlates of pre-diabetes in South Africa, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, Google scholar and African Journal online for published or unpublished studies reporting the prevalence of pre-diabetes in South Africa starting from the year 2000 to 2020. Studies were assessed for eligibility by checking if they met the inclusion criteria.

Results & conclusion
The total number of studies deemed eligible is 13 and from these studies, an overall prevalence of pre-diabetes was reported to be 15,56% in the South African population. Hypertension, obesity and sedentary lifestyle were the common correlates recorded for the population of interest. Therefore, the review highlights the disturbingly high prevalence of pre-diabetes in South Africa and necessitates further investigations into the possible genetics, biochemical and hormonal changes in pre-diabetes.

Ethics and dissemination
The review will not require ethics clearance because non-identifiable data will be used. The review outcomes will give insight into the current burden that pre-diabetes has in South Africa.

PROSPERO registration number
CRD42020182430
Factors affecting mortality of hospitalized facial trauma patients in Al-Ain City, United Arab Emirates
Authors: Al-Ali Mohamed A. , Alao David O. , Abu-Zidan Fikri M. 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundFacial injuries affect one-third of severely injured patients. These injuries have devastating long-term negative impacts on quality of life. We aimed to study the epidemiology of facial injuries and factors affecting the mortality of hospitalized facial trauma patients in Al-Ain City, United Arab Emirates.MethodologyThis is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from Al-Ain Hospital Trauma Registry. All patients with facial injury who were hospitalized for more than 24 hours or who died after arrival at the hospital during the period from January 2014 to December 2017 were studied. Two sample data analysis was used to compare patients who died and those who survived. Significant factors were then entered into a backward logistic regression model to define factors affecting mortality.Results408 patients having a mean age of 31.9 years were studied, 87.3% were males. The main mechanisms of injury were road traffic collisions (52.2%) and fall from height (11.3%). 289 (70.8%) patients had associated injuries which were mainly in the head and chest. The backward logistic regression model showed that the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was the only factor that predicted mortality, p<0.0001 with the best cut-off point of 7.5, having a sensitivity of 0.972 and a specificity of 0.8. The ROC had an area under the curve of 0.924.ConclusionThe majority of facial injury patients in our setting are young males who were involved in road traffic collisions or falls from height. The most important factor predicting the mortality of these patients was the low GCS. Those having a GCS of 8 and more had a better chance of survival. This information is very important when counseling patients or their relatives for facial surgery.
Ethnomedicinal Survey of plants used in the treatment and management of Diabetes in Makurdi Local Government Area of Benue State.
Authors: Saaondo Terkuma , Olalekan Olasan 
Published: November 2022

An ethno botanical survey of medicinal plants used for the treatment and management of diabetes in Makurdi Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria was carried out. Data were obtained by oral interview conducted in English and Tiv langueges and thirty (30) structured questions were administered to thirty respondents made of local herb sellers, herbalists (Tradomedicinal practitioners) who are experience practitioners. A total of 27 plant species were collected from the survey belonging to 24 different families. they were claimed to be useful in the treatment and management of diabetes. The most frequent among them were
Moringa oleifera (16.33%),
Vernomia amygdalina (10.20%),
Cocus nucifera (8.16%),
Ocinum gratissium (6.12%)
and Picralima nitida (6.12%).
Herbal preparation could be made from either dried or freshly collected plants while water was basically used as the solvent for extraction. Among the respondents method of extraction was boiling, cold and hot water extraction while some were taken in powered form. The part of the plants basically used were leaves, bark of fruit like in
Cocos nucifera (coconut), seed, branches or stem, bulb, tuber, rhizoid, fronds and roots. Resident of the study found traditional medicine cheaper and more effective than orthodox medicines.
Erotismo feminista en España 1910-2015: Del dildo de la Chelito al posporno de De La Puríssima
Authors: Anastasio Pepa 
Published: November 2022

Resumen
En su reciente libro sobre las culturas del erotismo en la España del cambio del siglo XIX al XX, Maite Zubiaurre defiende la idea de que el erotismo desmantela la asentada teoría de las dos Españas, la liberal y la conservadora, y apunta a una tercera España “audaz y distinta” (13-14). Desde mi punto de vista, la performance del erotismo se asienta, precisamente, en el reconocimiento de la capacidad de la mujer para el placer. Encarnada principalmente en los cuerpos de las cupletistas sicalípticas, esa capacidad para el goce habría de negarse de manera trágica y definitiva con la instauración del nacionalcatolicismo franquista. Sin embargo, la espectacularización del cuerpo de la mujer, su relación con el erotismo, y las prácticas culturales que rodean a esos procesos, han dado lugar a la creación de subjetividades que deben ser entendidas desde la relación que se establece entre el cuerpo y los códigos que lo hacen visible. Este ensayo propone establecer una genealogía entre distintas generaciones de mujeres en el espectáculo. Me detendré en tres momentos: las cupletistas sicalípticas, representadas por La Chelito (1885-1959); las protagonistas del “destape” (a través de la lectura de la novela de Marta Sanz, Daniela Astor y la caja negra, de 2013), y la performance de la artista contemporánea Julia de Castro, De la Puríssima. A través de estos textos intento identificar los esfuerzos por controlar y disciplinar el cuerpo destapado/cuerpo gozador de la mujer, y, sobre todo, señalar líneas de escape a esos esfuerzos disciplinarios.
Cristina Rivera Garza: escribir en la frontera en tiempos de guerra
Authors: Estrada Oswaldo 
Published: November 2022

Resumen
En este ensayo Oswaldo Estrada analiza la mirada crítica de Cristina Rivera Garza con respecto a la frontera entre México y los Estados Unidos. Tomando en cuenta varios de sus ensayos, incluidos en las colecciones Dolerse. Textos desde un país herido (2011) y Los muertos indóciles. Necroescrituras y desapropiación (2013), así como diversos textos escritos en reacción a las recientes elecciones presidenciales en los Estados Unidos, el crítico estudia la manera comprometida en que la autora registra el pesar de los migrantes, la agonía de los que parten al Norte y los que se quedan en el Sur, los conflictos que surgen del contacto incómodo entre una primera lengua y otra segunda lengua de adopción, así como el acto político de escribir en español desde un lugar donde este idioma carece de Estado. Hacer esto, asegura el crítico, es comportarse como una verdadera intelectual que trabaja con una serie de limitaciones, dentro de un orden establecido, abriendo grietas, creando fisuras que poco tienen que ver con el deseo de agradar a muchos y mucho, en cambio, con una consigna personal, la de ejercer la crítica con una lucidez insobornable. Si bien la obra entera de Rivera Garza es un cruce de fronteras, Estrada ofrece esta lectura de la autora mexicana en respuesta a la actual situación política de los Estados Unidos, saturada por discursos oficiales que promueven el odio y la discriminación, el miedo al otro, el racismo y la misoginia.
Of Bacteria, Scientists, and Women: Ramón y Cajal’s “El pesimista corregido”
Authors: Comparone Loredana 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWritten in the final years of the nineteenth century and published in 1905, Santiago Ramón y Cajal’s Cuentos de vacaciones provide wide-ranging reflections on the cultural import of science and the social ramifications of new scientific discoveries. “El pesimista corregido,” the story discussed in this article, mixes the conventions of nineteenth-century realism with science fiction as it explores the possible pitfalls of a slavish commitment to scientific instruments that promise miraculously enhanced vision—in the story’s case, the microscope. Influenced by Lorraine Daston’s notion of “the moral economy of science,” Comparone delves into an aspect of this story that has been ignored until now: the role of gender and gender relations in the context of scientific hubris. Taking into account the epistemic ramifications of magnification, this article examines the narrator’s view of gender, marriage and fatherhood, claiming that these views are difficult to dissentangle from the author’s view of scientific objectivity. As Comparone notes, Ramón y Cajal, himself a Nobel Prize Winner in Physiology, has a surprisingly ambivalent view of his obsessive scientist protagonist. The article further argues that a preoccupation with aesthetics plays a role in the story’s treatment of the issues raised when science becomes so infatuated, or horrified, with the cellular level that it loses sight of the living organism.
Juvenile Shank3 KO Mice Adopt Distinct Hunting Strategies during Prey Capture Learning
Authors: Groves Kuhnle Chelsea , Grimes Micaela , Suárez Casanova Victor Manuel , Turrigiano Gina G. , Van Hooser Stephen D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMice are opportunistic omnivores that readily learn to hunt and eat insects such as crickets. The details of how mice learn these behaviors and how these behaviors may differ in strains with altered neuroplasticity are unclear. We quantified the behavior of juvenile wild-type (WT) and Shank3 knock-out (KO) mice as they learned to hunt crickets during the critical period for ocular dominance plasticity. This stage involves heightened cortical plasticity including homeostatic synaptic scaling, which requires Shank3, a glutamatergic synaptic protein that, when mutated, produces Phelan-McDermid syndrome and is often comorbid with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Both strains showed interest in examining live and dead crickets and learned to hunt. Shank3 knock-out mice took longer to become proficient, and, after 5 d, did not achieve the efficiency of wild-type mice in either time-to-capture or distance-to-capture. Shank3 knock-out mice also exhibited different characteristics when pursuing crickets that could not be explained by a simple motor deficit. Although both genotypes moved at the same average speed when approaching a cricket, Shank3 KO mice paused more often, did not begin final accelerations toward crickets as early, and did not close the distance gap to the cricket as quickly as wild-type mice. These differences in Shank3 KO mice are reminiscent of some behavioral characteristics of individuals with ASD as they perform complex tasks, such as slower action initiation and completion. This paradigm will be useful for exploring the neural circuit mechanisms that underlie these learning and performance differences in monogenic ASD rodent models.
Study on production conditions, volatile composition, and chemical characteristics of herbal tea using Arapgir purple basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)
Authors: Yigitvar I. , Hayaloglu A.A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this work, production of purple basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) herbal tea was studied. Purple basil is a medicinal and aromatic herb with many health benefits; it is commonly used for seasoning foods. Semi-shade and tray drying methods were used for drying purple basil for tea production. Physical, chemical, and sensory characteristics of samples were evaluated. Total polyphenol contents of samples increased with drying processes and were between 9.55 and 14.18 mg GAE/g. Colour values decreased with drying. Volatile composition of samples was determined using the SPME/GC-MS system. 2-Propenoic acid, 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol), and eugenol were the predominant volatile compounds in all samples. In sensory evaluation, samples produced by tray drying with added citric acid had the highest general acceptance. In conclusion, purple basil was evaluated as a suitable plant for herbal tea production due to its easy preparation, pleasant flavour and colour.
An in situ synchrotron X-ray study of reverse austenitic transformation in a metastable FeMnCo alloy
Authors: Wei Shaolou , Kang Jiyun , Tasan Cemal Cem 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study concerns reverse austenitic transformation of plastic strain-induced hexagonal close-packed martensite. With the aid of in situ synchrotron X-ray diffractometry, the kinetic features of the transformation and the defect content evolution in a metastable (Fe60Mn40)85Co15 alloy are quantitatively examined using 5, 20, and 100 °C/min heating rates. It is found that the reverse austenitic transformation can be activated below 200 °C and completes within a short time scale. Through a Kissinger-style kinetic analysis, the activation energy of the reverse austenitic transformation is determined as 171.38 kJ/mol, confirming its displacive nature. Although exponential attenuation is observed in both stacking fault probability and dislocation density upon the initiation of the transformation, the resulting microstructure (single-phase face-centered cubic structure) remains highly defected, exhibiting high Vickers hardness, but still preserving somewhat strain hardenability. Atomistic mechanisms for the reverse austenitic transformation are further conceived according to the crystallographic theory of martensitic transformation.

Graphical abstract
RILEM TC 277-LHS report: lime-based mortars for restoration–a review on long-term durability aspects and experience from practice
Authors: Groot Caspar , Veiga Rosario , Papayianni Ioanna , Van Hees Rob , Secco Michele , Alvarez José I. , Faria Paulina , Stefanidou Maria 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFor conservation interventions of historic masonry generally lime-based mortars such as pure air lime mortars, lime-pozzolan mortars, natural hydraulic lime mortars and ternary mortars (lime-pozzolan-cement) are used. The main reason is that their hygric and mechanical (strength and ductility) performance are easy to adapt to most existing historic masonry (compatibility requirements). Although the basic appropriateness of lime-based mortars for restoration is undisputed, there are also some limitations in the application of these mortars. In this report a review is given of the theoretical backgrounds and further of laboratory research developments in the field of lime-based binders and mortars over the past decades. Furthermore, practical experiences in positive and negative sense (damage cases) are elaborated. Drawbacks and points of attention are being dealt with, which are essential for a durable application of lime-based mortars for the conservation of historic masonry. In general, it is concluded that points of attention should be addressed through a thorough evaluation of their potential and through testing of their suitability. For these mortars, even more than for modern cement-based mortars, specifically, environmental exposure conditions and application conditions should be considered.
Burnout, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Among Resident Physicians 18 Months into the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ofei-Dodoo Samuel , Irwin Gretchen , Wright Brynn , Krohn Kimberly , Williams Kimberly , Dooley Philip , Duggins Maurice 
Published: November 2022

INTRODUCTION. Burnout among resident physicians has been an area of concern that predates the COVID-19 pandemic. With the significant turmoil during the pandemic, this study examined resident physicians’ burnout, depression, anxiety, and stress as well as the benefits of engaging in activities related to wellness, mindfulness, or mental wellbeing.
METHODS. The authors conducted a cross-sectional survey of 298 residents from 13 residency programs sponsored by the University of Kansas School of Medicine-Wichita, in October and November 2021. Authors used a 31-item questionnaire to measure levels of burnout, depression, anxiety, and stress. A mixed method approach was used to collect, analyze, and interpret the data. Descriptive statistics, One-way ANOVA/Kruskal-Wallis tests, adjusted odds ratios (aOR), and immersion-crystallization methods were used to analyze the data.
RESULTS. There was a 52% response rate, with 65.8% (n=102) of the respondents reporting manifestations of burnout. Those who reported at least one manifestation of burnout experienced a higher level of emotional exhaustion (aOR=6.73; 95% CI, 2.66-16.99; P<.01), depression (aOR=1.21; 95% CI, 1.04-1.41; P=.01), anxiety (aOR=1.14; 95% CI, 1.00-1.30; P=.04), and stress (aOR=1.36; 95% CI, 1.13-1.64; P<.01). Some wellness activities respondents engaged in included regular physical activities, meditation and yoga, support from family and friends, religious activities, time away from work, and counseling sessions.
CONCLUSIONS. The findings suggest the COVID-19 pandemic continues to pose a significant and worsening prevalence of burnout and other negative mental health effects on residents. Appropriate wellness and mental health support initiatives are needed to help resident physicians thrive in the health care environment.
A Qualitative Study of Traditional Bone Setters in South India: A Case Series
Authors: Isaacs-Pullins Sharon , Vaz Manjulika , Murthy Hariram , Hughes Dorothy , Kallail K. James 
Published: November 2022

INTRODUCTION. There are approximately 70,000 Traditional Bone Setters (TBS) in India, who have no formal education or training in modern medicine but treat approximately 60% of bone related trauma. This study investigated the history of TBS, why they are so popular, and their methods.
METHODS. From a list of TBS from four states in South India, a purposive and convenience sampling method identified participants. One lead TBS from each state was interviewed. With recommendations from these TBS, a total of six participants were interviewed on Zoom® in their native dialect and these interviews were transcribed into English. The data were analyzed using a constant comparative method which included several iterations to refine common themes and determine counterfactual and specific focal points from each interview.
RESULTS. Six overarching themes emerged: (1) history of traditional bone setters, (2) occupations outside bone setting, (3) training, certification, education, accolades, (4) patient characteristics and success stories, (5) infrastructure and approach to diagnosis/treatment, and (6) limitations of practice, challenges, and social relevance. The history of traditional bone setting is thousands of years old and passed down within families generationally.
CONCLUSIONS. In rural India, where a large part of the population lives in poverty and without access to modern medicine, traditional healers provide a much-needed service, often without charge, and consequently, the income is not sufficient without other occupations such as farming. They follow a similar approach to diagnosis and treatment of simple fractures and dislocations as modern medical practitioners. Most would like to share their knowledge and collaborate with ayurvedic and allopathic practitioners and simply want to be respected and supported.