bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The COVID-19 infodemic in Brazil: trends in Google search data
Authors: Harb Maria da Penha , Veiga e Silva Lena , Vijaykumar Nandamudi , Silva da Silva Marcelino , Lisboa Frances Carlos Renato 
Published: August 2022

Background
Since the beginning of the new coronavirus pandemic, there has been much information about the disease and the virus has been in the spotlight, shared and commented upon on the Internet. However, much of this information is infodemics and can interfere with the advancement of the disease and that way that populations act. Thus, Brazil is a country that requires attention, as despite the fact that in almost two years of pandemic it has shown a devastating numbers of deaths and number of cases, and generates false, distorted and malicious news about the pandemic. This work intends to understand the attitudes of the Brazilian population using infodemic queries from the Google Trends search tool and social and income variables.

Methods
Data from infodemic research carried out on Google Trends, between January 1, 2020 and June 30, 2021, with socioeconomic data, such as income and education, were unified in a single database: standardization and exploratory and multivalued techniques based on grouping were used in the study.

Results
In the analysis of the search trend of infodemic terms, it is clear that the categories of Prevention and Beliefs should stand out in Brazil, where there is a diverse culture. It is followed by the COVID-19 Treatment category, with treatments that were not those recommended by the authorities. Income transfer programs and information on socioeconomic variables did not have much impact on infodemic surveys, but it was observed that states where President Bolsonaro has more supporters had researched more infodemic information.

Conclusions
In a country as geographically large as Brazil, it is important that political authorities go to great lengths to disseminate reliable information and monitor the infodemic in the media and on the internet. It was concluded that the denial of the pandemic and the influence of political leaders influenced the search for infodemic information, contributing to a disorganization in the control of the disease and prevention measures.
Role of Iron Uptake Systems in Coordinating Iron Homeostasis in NaCl-resistant Mutant of the Cyanobacterium Nostoc muscorum
Authors: Bhargava Santosh , Katrolia Neelu , Choudhary Antim 
Published: August 2022

Aims: To investigate the effect of NaCl stress on parent Nostoc muscorum and its spontaneously occurring mutant clone showing resistance to growth inhibitory action of NaCl in terms of various physiological parameters. We have further analyzed the role of iron uptake systems in providing a resistant phenotype.
Place and Duration of Study: Division of Microbiology, Department of Botany, Government Motilal Science College, Bhopal 462008 (M.P.) India. This work was carried out between August 2021 to May 2022.
Methodology: We have examined the various physiological parameters viz. growth, specific growth rate, photosynthetic O2 evolution, and nitrogenase activity as per the prescribed protocol. Further, DNA microarray analysis was carried out using the Agilent platform.
Results: NaCl stress adversely affected growth, photosynthetic O2 evolution, and nitrogenase activity of the wild-type Nostoc muscorum, while NaCl-resistant mutant remains unaffected under a given stress. Microarray data analysis identified 24 ORF related to the uptake of iron with fold regulation ≥2 in the mutant strain. These ORFs belonging to the ABC-type ferric iron transporter that plays a significant role in the iron acquisition were identified in the mutant strain.
Conclusion: The mechanism of iron homeostasis in the NaCl-resistant mutant has been explained. The results presented are essential to explain the regulatory role of the iron uptake system in stressed conditions.
Insertion of Tunneled Hemodialysis Catheters by Exchange over the Guidewire and De Novo Puncture
Authors: Shanshoury Eslam Adel Ramadan El , Sallam Emad Mohammad , Abo-Ryia Mohammed Hamdy , Kamhawy Adel Husseiny 
Published: August 2022

Background: This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of insertion of tunneled hemodialysis catheters by de novo insertion technique and over the wire exchange technique
Methods: This prospective study included 50 patients with ERSD in need for tunneled hemodialysis catheters insertion. Patients were divided into 2 groups (the first group) 22 de novo insertion of tunneled dialysis catheters and (the second group) 28 over the wire exchange. Patients were subjected to history taking, thorough clinical examination, routine preoperative investigations, preoperative and postoperative X-ray on the neck and chest and Duplex scan of neck veins on both sides.
Results: In the de novo group, 11 patients were inserted by ultrasound guide and 11 patients were inserted by blind anatomical landmark technique in which the ultrasound guided technique showed lower rate of complications, while all over the wire group were inserted ultrasound guided. The primary patency was higher in the over the wire group(after 1 month=96%, after 3 months=89.2%, after 3 months=85.7%) than the de novo group(after 1m, 3m, 6m equals 86.3%,81.8%, 77.2% respectively) with non-significant P value 0.43, hematoma formation was higher in the de novo group with non-significant P value, 3 patients (13.6%) had infected catheters in the de novo group while 4 (14.3%) patients were affected in over the wire group, with 4 (18.2%) cases were malfunctioning in the de novo group while 3 (10.7) malfunctioning catheters in over the wire group with statistically non-significant P value in these values. There was significant difference between the 2 techniques in the operative time, for de novo insertion of tunneled dialysis catheters mean operative time was = 27.78 ± 5.71 minutes and in over the wire group the mean operative time was = 15.07 ± 1.98 minutes with statistically significant P value <0.001*.
Conclusions: By comparison between the two methods of tunneled dialysis catheters insertion in ESRD patients (de novo insertion and over the wire exchange technique), we found that over the wire exchange technique can safe time, effort, reduce the rate of operative complication especially hematoma formation and at the same time it showed higher patency rate in comparison to de novo insertion method.
Quantifying Water Use Efficiency in Paddy Production for Different Regions of Thenpennaiyaru River Basin (TRB) of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Venkatesh M. , Vidhyavathi A. , Kumar D. Suresh , Raviraj A. , Duraisamy M. R. 
Published: August 2022

Agriculture is the world's greatest user and consumer of water. Crop irrigation accounts for two-thirds of all world water withdrawals and 85 per cent of total global water consumption. Today we face major issues on water scarcity which is closely related to “water stress” or “water crisis” is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. Irrigated cropping faces some issues on, decreasing water supply owing to increasing extraction and fewer inflows, as well as increased competition from other users in this context the current study focused on the estimation of crop water use efficiency and irrigation efficiency in the different regions of Thenpennaiyaru river basin (TRB) of Tamil Nadu. As per the Central Water Commission’s Basin Report, Thenpennaiyar Basin is the second largest interstate flowing river basin among the 12 basins lying between pennar and Cauvery basins. The river is the main source for irrigating over 38,000 acres in Krishnagiri district; 6250 acres in Dharmapuri district; 17,980 acres in Tiruvannamalai district and 25000 acres in Villupuram district and majority of population depend on this river for agricultural and allied activities. So, this river basin was purposefully selected for the present study to access the efficiency in water usage with the sample size of (320). As per the result CWUE is better in the head region (12.34 quintals/ha/mm) due to consistent water supply, which is directly dependent on effective management practices, which ultimately have higher efficiency and higher yield. Irrigation efficiency is most similarly in all three regions. The CWUE is a better indicator when quantifying the efficiency of a crop production system because it directly reflects the amount of grain yield produced per amount of water used rather than per depth of water applied, which is the case with the IWUE.
Phytochemical Analysis and Anthelmintic Activity of Ethanolic Extracts of Gmelina arborea on the Bovine Parasite Onchocerca ochengi
Authors: Bertrand Mando Ndou , Raymond Bambe , Mathieu Djongra , Mang-Dobara Koga , Dieudonné Ndjonka 
Published: August 2022

Aims: This study was aimed at analyzing the phytochemical constituents, evaluated the in vitro filaricidal activities of the ethanolic extracts of G. arborea on Onchocerca ochengi and carried out the acute and sub-acute toxicity on rats.
Place and Duration of Study: The work took place at the Laboratory of Applied Zoology of the Faculty of Science of the University of Ngaoundere between June 2020 and April 2021.
Methodology: Quantitative determination of total phenols, total flavonoids and tannins were performed by using standard titration curve of gallic acid and rutin. The adult male worms of O. ochengi were incubated in Roosevelt Park Memorial Institute (RPMI-1640) medium supplemented with antibiotics containing different concentrations of the plant extracts and ivermectin (positive control). The mortality of worms was evaluated using the MTT/formazan colourimetry test after 24 h and 48 h. Acute and sub-acute toxicity tests of G. arborea were evaluated on rats according to OECD 425 and 407 respectively.
Results: The quantitative phyto-constituents screening revealed that total phenols (873.33 ± 3.33 mg GAE/g) were the most quantified compound followed by tannins (229.33 ± 0.33 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoids (116 ± 1.01 mg RE/g) in the roots of the plant. 0.22 ± 0.02 mg/mL, 0.17 ± 0.00 mg/mL, 0.16 ± 0.01 and 0.11 ± 0.01 mg/mL were respectively the LC50 of hydroethanolic extracts of the leaves, barks, roots and ivermectin at 48 h. The acute and sub-acute toxicity test showed no toxicity in rats.
Conclusion: Looking at the result, the extracts of this plant may be used in novel drug discovery to fight against onchocerciasis.
Effect of Modified Vertical Rectus Belly Transposition vs Augmented Superior Rectus Transposition Plus Medial Rectus Recession for Chronic Sixth Nerve Palsy
Authors: Yao Jing , Jiang Chao , Wang Xiying , Xia Weiyi , Ling Ling , Zhu Wenqing , Wu Lianqun , Zhao Chen 
Published: August 2022

ImportanceBoth vertical rectus belly transposition (VRBT) and superior rectus transposition (SRT) can be performed simultaneously with ipsilateral medial rectus recession (MRc) and have been shown to be effective for chronic sixth nerve palsy. However, it is unclear whether VRBT is superior to SRT in correcting esotropia.ObjectiveTo compare the effectiveness of modified VRBT plus MRc (mVRBT-MRc) vs augmented SRT plus MRc (aSRT-MRc) in Chinese patients with chronic sixth nerve palsy.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis parallel-design, double-masked, single-center, randomized clinical trial was conducted from January 15, 2018, to May 24, 2021. The follow-up visits were scheduled at 1 month and 6 months. Eligible Chinese participants with unilateral chronic sixth nerve palsy were randomly assigned to receive either mVRBT-MRc (VRBT group) or aSRT-MRc (SRT group).InterventionsmVRBT-MRc or aSRT-MRc.Main Outcomes and MeasuresChange of horizontal deviation in primary position from baseline to 6 months.ResultsOf the total 25 eligible participants, the mean (SD) age was 45.4 (12.6) years, with 10 male participants (40%) and 15 female participants (60%). Thirteen participants (52%) were randomly assigned to the VRBT group, and 12 (48%) were randomly assigned to the SRT group. At baseline, the mean (SD) horizontal deviation was 65.7 (10.8) prism diopters (Δ) in the VRBT group and 60.5Δ(14.1Δ) in the SRT group. Similar amounts of MRc were performed in both groups. At 6 months, the horizontal deviation changed from baseline by 66.3Δ in the VRBT group and by 51.5Δ in the SRT group. The adjusted group difference was 10.9Δ (95% CI, 5.3Δ-16.6Δ), favoring the VRBT group (P = .001). Four times as many participants corrected more than 60Δ with mVRBT-MRc compared with aSRT-MRc. The group difference of the improvement of abduction limitation was −0.2 (95% CI, −0.8 to 0.5; P = .64). Although there was a higher proportion of undercorrection in the SRT group (difference, 45%; 95% CI, 16%-75%; P = .01), no differences were identified for other suboptimal outcomes between groups.Conclusions and RelevanceCompared with aSRT-MRc, mVRBT-MRc showed better effect in correcting esotropia with no differences detected for other suboptimal outcomes. mVRBT-MRc may be a promising alternative surgical procedure for chronic sixth nerve palsy, particularly for large esotropia of more than 60Δ, if these results are confirmed in larger, diverse cohorts with longer follow-up.Trial RegistrationChiCTR Identifier: ChiCTR-INR-17013705
Schwann Cells Induce Phenotypic Changes in Oral Cancer Cells
Authors: Santi Maria Daniela , Zhang Morgan , Salvo Elizabeth , Asam Kesava , Viet Chi T. , Xie Tongxin , Amit Moran , Aouizerat Bradley , Ye Yi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHead and neck cancer (HNC) is the seventh most common cancer worldwide, the majority being oral squamous cell carcinoma. Despite advances in cancer diagnosis and treatment, the survival rate of patients with HNC remains stagnant. The cancer‐nerve interaction has been recognized as an important driver of cancer progression. Schwann cells, a type of peripheral glia, have been implicated in promoting cancer cell growth, migration, dispersion, and invasion into the nerve in many cancers. Here, it is demonstrated that the presence of Schwann cells makes oral cancer cells more aggressive by promoting their proliferation, extracellular matrix breakdown, and altering cell metabolism. Furthermore, oral cancer cells became larger, more circular, with more projections and nuclei following co‐culturing with Schwann cells. RNA‐sequencing analysis in oral cancer cells following exposure to Schwann cells shows corresponding changes in genes involved in the hallmarks of cancer and cell metabolism; the enriched KEGG pathways are spliceosome, RNA transport, cell cycle, axon guidance, signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells, cAMP signaling, WNT signaling, proteoglycans in cancer and PI3K‐Akt signaling. Taken together, these results suggest a significant role for Schwann cells in facilitating oral cancer progression, highlighting their potential as a target to treat oral cancer progression.
Integrated Self‐Powered Sensors Based on 2D Material Devices
Authors: Huo Ziwei , Wei Yichen , Wang Yifei , Wang Zhong Lin , Sun Qijun 
Published: August 2022

With the development of the Internet of Things, there is an increasing need for clean energy and large‐scale sensory systems. Triboelectric/piezoelectric nanogenerators (TENGs/PENGs), have attracted considerable attention as a new type of power generation terminal, which can harvest surrounding energy and convert it into electrical energy. To improve the output performance of nanogenerators (NGs) and diversify related applications, 2D materials with high carrier mobility and excellent piezoelectric properties can be directly used or integrated as different types of self‐powered sensors. In this review, the authors first introduce the excellent piezoelectric and optoelectronic properties of 2D materials, followed by the triboelectric series of 2D materials used in TENGs. The categories of integrated self‐powered sensors based on 2D materials are then summarized according to their different structures and compositions. We also discuss in detail the recent applications of integrated self‐powered sensors based on 2D materials from five aspects. Finally, the challenges and outlooks in the research field of self‐powered sensors are featured. Given the continuous development of self‐powered sensors based on 2D materials, they are considered to have significant potential for applications in biomedicine, environmental detection, human motion monitoring, energy harvesting, and smart wearable devices.
Accurate Wavelength Tracking by Exciton Spin Mixing
Authors: Kirch Anton , Bärschneider Toni , Achenbach Tim , Fries Felix , Gmelch Max , Werberger Robert , Guhrenz Chris , Tomkevičienė Aušra , Benduhn Johannes , Eychmüller Alexander , Leo Karl , Reineke Sebastian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWavelength‐discriminating systems typically consist of heavy benchtop‐based instruments, comprising diffractive optics, moving parts, and adjacent detectors. For simple wavelength measurements, such as lab‐on‐chip light source calibration or laser wavelength tracking, which do not require polychromatic analysis and cannot handle bulky spectroscopy instruments, lightweight, easy‐to‐process, and flexible single‐pixel devices are attracting increasing attention. Here, a device is proposed for monotonously transforming wavelength information into the time domain with room‐temperature phosphorescence at the heart of its functionality, which demonstrates a resolution down to 1 nm and below. It is solution‐processed from a single host–guest system comprising organic room‐temperature phosphors and colloidal quantum dots. The share of excited triplet states within the photoluminescent layer is dependent on the excitation wavelength and determines the afterglow intensity of the film, which is tracked by a simple photodetector. Finally, an all‐organic thin‐film wavelength sensor and two applications are demonstrated where this novel measurement concept successfully replaces a full spectrometer.
Discovery of New Plasmonic Metals via High‐Throughput Machine Learning
Authors: Shapera Ethan P. , Schleife André 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe field of plasmonics aims to manipulate and control light through nanoscale structuring and choice of materials. Finding materials with low‐loss response to an applied optical field while exhibiting collective oscillations due to intraband transitions is an outstanding challenge. This is viewed as a materials selection problem that bridges the gap between the large number of candidate materials and the high computational cost to accurately compute their individual optical properties. To address this, online databases that compile computational data for numerous properties of tens to hundreds of thousands of materials are combined with first‐principles simulations and the Drude model. By means of density functional theory (DFT), a training set of geometry‐dependent plasmonic quality factors for ≈1000 materials is computed and subsequently random‐forest regressors are trained on these data. Descriptors are limited to symmetry, quantities obtained using the chemical formula, and the Mendeleev database, which allows to rapidly screen 7445 candidates on Materials Project. Using DFT to compute quality factors for the 233 most promising materials, AlCu3, ZnCu, and ZnGa3 are identified as excellent potential new plasmonic metals. This finding is substantiated by analyzing their electronic structure and interband optical properties in detail.
Highly Stable Lead‐Free Perovskite Single Crystals with NIR Emission Beyond 1100 nm
Authors: Liu Zhuang , Qin Xian , Chen Qihao , Chen Qiushui , Jing Yuhang , Zhou Zhonghao , Zhao Yong Sheng , Chen Jingsheng , Liu Xiaogang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMaterials that emit in the near‐infrared (NIR) region are at the forefront of both research and industry, mainly due to their wide applications in national security, nondestructive bioimaging, long‐wave communications, and photothermal conversion for medical care. As a key member of the luminescent materials family, metal halide perovskites have been intensively demonstrated to emit light in ultraviolet and visible regions. However, NIR‐emitting perovskites suffer from severe limitations, such as low photoluminescence quantum yield and poor chemical/optical stability, thereby preventing them from practical applications. Herein, the synthesis and growth of Cs2MoCl6 and Cs2WCl6 perovskite single crystals with ultrahigh chemical and optical resistance to heat, moisture, polar solvents, and high‐energy radiation is reported. Upon ultraviolet or blue excitation, these lead‐free single crystals emit light beyond 1100 nm, the longest wavelength ever reported for perovskite hosts. Mechanistic studies indicate that self‐trapped excitons are responsible for the NIR emission. The authors fabricate optoelectronic devices using these single crystals and demonstrate their broad applications in noninvasive palm vein imaging, night vision, and nondestructive food analysis. These results may stimulate research in the development of high‐efficiency NIR perovskite phosphors for fast, accurate biometric identification and food inspection.
Sustainable Hydrogen Production Using Group‐10 Metal Chalcogenides as Low‐Cost Effective Electrocatalysts
Authors: D'Olimpio Gianluca , Santoro Sergio , Kuo Chia‐Nung , Ottaviano Luca , Lue Chin Shan , Boukhvalov Danil W. , Politano Antonio 
Published: August 2022

AbstractClean hydrogen production is crucial to the prospects of the energy transition. Electrochemical water splitting is one of the most promising tools for the sustainable and efficient production of hydrogen. One of the main open challenges is the replacement of precious Pt for electrodes with new materials combining cheapness, robustness to CO poisoning, and fast reaction kinetics. Group‐10 metal chalcogenides represent suitable candidates to address all main open challenges in the quest for alternative materials to pure Pt as electrocatalysts, with the further advantage of the ease of their synthesis as both bulk crystals and nanostructures. All compounds of this class of materials show surface stability, chemical inertness toward CO adsorption, and electrode durability in acidic and alkaline environments. Here, the physicochemical mechanisms ruling hydrogen production with group‐10 metal chalcogenides are focused on by combining surface‐science experiments and theory. Especially, the Tafel slope in Pt3Te4 nanocrystals and NiTe2 nanotubes is as low as 32 and 59 mV dec−1, respectively, making them competitive with state‐of‐the‐art reference materials Pt and Pt/C already in the first implementation. Moreover, the presence of massless Dirac‐cone electrons in many group‐10 metal chalcogenides, with an intrinsically large electron mobility, is naturally beneficial for fast electron transfer, and correspondingly, for fast reaction kinetics. These results pave the way for the advent of this new class of materials in electrocatalysis, and for sustainable hydrogen production through water splitting.