bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A single-cell based precision medicine approach using glioblastoma patient-specific models
Authors: Park James H. , Feroze Abdullah H. , Emerson Samuel N. , Mihalas Anca B. , Keene C. Dirk , Cimino Patrick J. , de Lomana Adrian Lopez Garcia , Kannan Kavya , Wu Wei-Ju , Turkarslan Serdar , Baliga Nitin S. , Patel Anoop P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is a heterogeneous tumor made up of cell states that evolve over time. Here, we modeled tumor evolutionary trajectories during standard-of-care treatment using multi-omic single-cell analysis of a primary tumor sample, corresponding mouse xenografts subjected to standard of care therapy, and recurrent tumor at autopsy. We mined the multi-omic data with single-cell SYstems Genetics Network AnaLysis (scSYGNAL) to identify a network of 52 regulators that mediate treatment-induced shifts in xenograft tumor-cell states that were also reflected in recurrence. By integrating scSYGNAL-derived regulatory network information with transcription factor accessibility deviations derived from single-cell ATAC-seq data, we developed consensus networks that modulate cell state transitions across subpopulations of primary and recurrent tumor cells. Finally, by matching targeted therapies to active regulatory networks underlying tumor evolutionary trajectories, we provide a framework for applying single-cell-based precision medicine approaches to an individual patient in a concurrent, adjuvant, or recurrent setting.
Rapid 20th century warming reverses 900-year cooling in the Gulf of Maine
Authors: Whitney Nina M. , Wanamaker Alan D. , Ummenhofer Caroline C. , Johnson Beverly J. , Cresswell-Clay Nathaniel , Kreutz Karl J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Gulf of Maine, located in the western North Atlantic, has undergone recent, rapid ocean warming but the lack of long-term, instrumental records hampers the ability to put these significant hydrographic changes into context. Here we present multiple 300-year long geochemical records (oxygen, nitrogen, and previously published radiocarbon isotopes) measured in absolutely-dated Arctica islandica shells from the western Gulf of Maine. These records, in combination with climate model simulations, suggest that the Gulf of Maine underwent a long-term cooling over most of the last 1000 years, driven primarily by volcanic forcing and North Atlantic ocean dynamics. This cooling trend was reversed by warming beginning in the late 1800s, likely due to increased atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations and changes in western North Atlantic circulation. The climate model simulations suggest that the warming over the last century was more rapid than almost any other 100-year period in the last 1000 years in the region.
Periacetabular osteotomy: A novel application of modified Stoppa approach
Authors: Baraka Mostafa M. , Sallam Haitham E. , Abdelwahab Mahmoud M. 
Published: August 2022

Background: The Bernese periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is a well-established procedure for symptomatic hip dysplasia in adolescents and young adults. However, it remains a technically demanding procedure, and several major complications have been described, many of which are related to the approach and surgical exposure. The current study evaluates the efficacy and safety of PAO performed through a modified Stoppa approach. Methods: A prospective series of nine consecutive patients with hip dysplasia were treated PAO through the modified Stoppa approach. The mean age was 22.4 years (15–30 years) and the mean follow-up was 3.2 years (2–5 years). Harris hip score (HHS) was used as a functional score, and the radiographic indices included the lateral center-edge angle (LCEA) and Tönnis roof angle. Results: The approach allowed the osteotomy lines to be performed under direct visualization from the intra-pelvic surface of the acetabulum, aided by fluoroscopy. A lateral window was added to perform the final iliac cut and for subsequent mobilization and fixation of the acetabular fragment. The mean HHS improved significantly from 70.8 ± 4.9 points to 90.1 ± 3.3 points (p < 0.001). The mean LCEA improved from 8.2° ± 4.9 (range: 0–14) to 32.7° ± 5.3 (range: 26–40), with a mean improvement of 24.5°. The mean Tönnis angle improved from 28.4° ± 4.4 (range: 22–35) to 3.8° ± 3.3 (range: 0–10). Two patients had irritation from prominent screw heads that necessitated removal 1 year after the index procedure. One patient had radiographic progression of osteoarthritis. No cases of infection, non-union, heterotopic ossification, or nerve palsy were identified till the latest follow-up. Conclusion: Ganz PAO can be safely conducted through the modified Stoppa approach, providing direct exposure to the osteotomized surfaces, and protecting susceptible neuro-vascular structures.
Level of evidence: IV.
Use of an electromagnetic-guided device to assist with post-pyloric placement of a nasoenteral feeding tube: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mancini Fabio Catache , de Moura Diogo Turiani Hourneaux , Funari Mateus Pereira , Ribeiro Igor Braga , Neto Fernando Lopes Ponte , Mendieta Pastor Joaquin Ortiz , McCarty Thomas R. , Bernardo Wanderley Marques , Nahas Sergio Carlos , de Moura Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims While endoscopic-guided placement (EGP) of a post-pyloric nasoenteral feeding tube may improve caloric intake and reduce the risk of bronchoaspiration, an electromagnetic-guided placement (EMGP) method may obviate the need for endoscopic procedures. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials comparing the efficacy and safety of EMGP versus EGP of a post-pyloric feeding tube.
Methods Protocolized searches were performed from the inception through January 2021 following PRISMA guidelines. Only randomized controlled trials were included comparing EMGP versus EGP. Study outcomes included: technical success (defined as appropriate post-pyloric positioning), tube and patient associated adverse events (AEs), time to enteral nutrition, procedure-associated cost, and procedure time. Pooled risk difference (RD) and mean difference (MD) were calculated using a fixed-effects model and heterogeneity evaluated using Higgins test (I2).
Results Four randomized trials (n = 536) were included. A total of 287 patients were included in the EMGP group and 249 patients in the EGP group. There was no difference between EMGP versus EGP regarding technical success, tube-related AEs, patient-related AEs, procedure time, and time in the right position. Time to enteral nutrition favored EMGP (MD: –134.37 [–162.13, –106.61]; I2 = 35 %); with significantly decreased associated cost (MD: –127.77 ($) [–135.8–119.73]; I2 = 0 %).
Conclusions Based on this study, EMGP and EGP were associated with similar levels of technical success and safety as well as time to complete the procedure. Despite this, EMGP was associated with reduced cost and time to initiation of nutrition.
Herzinsuffizienz und Vorhofflimmern – eine
Zwillingsepidemie
Authors: Deneke Thomas , Berkovitz Artur , Ene Elena , Müller Julian , Sonne Kai , Kerber Sebastian , Zhuravlev Vitali , Nentwich Karin 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungVorhofflimmern (VHF) und eine Herzinsuffizienz begünstigen sich gegenseitig und
treten häufig in Kombination auf. Eine effektive Therapie des VHF inklusive der
möglicherweise notwendigen Antikoagulation sollte zentraler Baustein bei
Patienten mit eingeschränkter systolischer Funktion und VHF sein. Medikamentöse
Therapieoptionen sind in der Regel wenig effektiv, sodass zunehmend
Katheterablationsverfahren zur Behandlung dieser Patienten in den Vordergrund
gestellt werden. Randomisierte Studien bei selektierten Patienten zeigen nicht
nur einen symptomatischen Effekt auf die Herzinsuffizienz, sondern neben
Verbesserung der LV-Funktion auch einen Letalitätsbenefit der effektiven
Ablation von VHF. In der Zukunft gilt es, Patienten sinnvoll für die
Katheterablation zu identifizieren. Ob das reine Vorhandensein von VHF oder eher
die VHF-Last bei Patienten mit Herzinsuffizienz entscheidend für die Prognose
ist, wird aktuell in weiteren Studien untersucht.
Sekundäre AV-Klappeninsuffizienzen – Stellenwert der interventionellen Therapie
Authors: Nettersheim Felix Sebastian , Omran Hazem , Pfister Roman , Rudolph Volker 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungSekundäre Mitral- und Trikuspidalklappeninsuffizienzen treten häufig im Kontext des Herzinsuffizienz-Syndroms auf durch geometrische oder funktionelle Veränderungen der Herzkammern und/oder
-vorhöfe trotz strukturell intakter Klappe. Durch Volumenbelastung der Ventrikel können diese entscheidend zur Symptomatik und Progression der Herzinsuffizienz beitragen und sind dadurch von
erheblicher prognostischer Bedeutung. Aufgrund des hohen OP-Risikos waren die Therapieoptionen traditionell oft auf eine Behandlung der Herzinsuffizienz beschränkt. Die Entwicklung von
kathetergestützten Techniken ermöglicht die Behandlung der sekundären AV-Klappeninsuffizienz mit akzeptablem Risiko und ist aufgrund aktueller Studienergebnisse ein wichtiger Bestandteil der
Herzinsuffizienz-Therapie. Im Folgenden geben wir einen Überblick über interventionelle Strategien zur Behandlung der sekundären AV-Klappeninsuffizienzen und deren aktuellen Stellenwert in
der klinischen Praxis.
Apixaban Prophylactic Anticoagulation in Patients with Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Van Meerhaeghe Tess , Cez Alexandre , Dahan Karine , Esteve Emmanuel , Elalamy Ismail , Boffa Jean Jacques , Ponlot Eleonore 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic events (TEs), due to hemostatic derangements. The use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in the prevention of TE has not been studied intensively in patients suffering from NS.
Methods The method included retrospective analysis of consecutive incident patients with NS due to glomerular disease, receiving apixaban for thromboprophylaxis. It is an uncontrolled, single-center study.
Results We identified 27 patients treated with apixaban for the prevention of TEs, in the context of NS. During follow-up, apixaban minimal blood concentration (trough level; Cmin) and maximum blood concentration (Cmax) levels were measured. The mean duration of the anticoagulant treatment was 153 days (±132). Patients were followed for a mean of 14.7 months (±8.4) since the introduction of apixaban. Three patients had a TE at the time of NS diagnosis. Two patients had pulmonary embolism (PE) and one patient presented a stroke in a lupus membranous nephropathy context. One patient developed PE approximately 2 months after the introduction of apixaban treatment. No minor or major bleeding events were noticed.
Conclusion The present study shows that patients, suffering from severe NS under anticoagulant therapy with apixaban had a reduced risk of venous and arterial TEs compared with patients previously described in the literature, without increased risk of bleeding.
Reasoning COVID-19: the use of spatial metaphor in times of a crisis
Authors: Kremer Dominik , Felgenhauer Tilo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAs other crises before, the COVID-19 pandemic put established discursive routines at stake. By framing the pandemic as a crisis, an immediate search for adequate counter-measures started to define proper means of mitigation and protection for the population. In the early stages of COVID-19, when little reliable information on the virus and its transmission behaviour was available, an intense use of metaphor to explain and govern the crisis had to be expected. Beside its well-known impact on (geo-)politics, a thorough analysis especially of the use of spatial metaphors to reason about the crises is still missing. In our approach, we rely on the foundational work of Lakoff and Johnson (1980) on image schemata, and prior work on spatial metaphors as part of argumentation patterns from cultural geography (Schlottmann, 2008). After a thorough analysis of prominent examples according to the argumentation scheme of Toulmin (1976 [1958]), we explored examples from the pre-existing corpus on COVID-19, deliberately compiled by DWDS for analysis of language patterns used throughout the pandemic. In a subsequent filter-refinement approach building on methods from cognitive linguistics and utilising a chunk of the same corpus, we were able to obtain and discuss results on the variety of spatial metaphors used at that time.
Development of resistance to 5-fluorouracil affects membrane viscosity and lipid composition of cancer cells
Authors: Shimolina Liubov , Gulin Alexander , Khlynova Aleksandra , Ignatova Nadezhda , Druzhkova Irina , Gubina Margarita , Zagaynova Elena , Kuimova Marina K , Shirmanova Marina 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The investigations reported here were designed to determine whether the bulk plasma membrane is involved in mechanisms of acquired resistance of colorectal cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) of live cultured cells stained with viscosity-sensitive probe BODIPY 2 was exploited to non-invasively assess viscosity in the course of treatment and adaptation to the drug. In parallel, lipid composition of membranes was examined with the time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Our results showed that a single treatment with 5-FU induced only temporal changes of viscosity in 5-FU sensitive cells immediately after adding the drug. Acquisition of chemoresistance was accompanied by persistent increase of viscosity, which was preserved upon treatment without any changes. Lipidomic analysis revealed that the resistant cells had a lower level of monounsaturated fatty acids and increased sphingomyelin or decreased phosphatidylcholine in their membranes, which partly explain increase of the viscosity. Thus, we propose that a high membrane viscosity mediates the acquisition of resistance to 5-FU.
Chaetognatha
Authors: Harzsch Steffen , Perez Yvan , Müller Carsten H.G. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAccording to palaeontological evidence, Chaetognatha (arrow worms), a group of small marine predators that are major components of the zooplankton throughout our world oceans, were already present in the Early Cambrian Chengjang, in the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale. These animals are considered to be the earliest active predator metazoans and displayed a planktonic lifestyle with possible ecological preferences for hyperbenthic niches close to the sea bottom. Today, the taxon Chaetognatha comprises more than 150 described species from all geographical and vertical ranges of the ocean, and they are among the most abundant pelagic organisms. Chaetognatha are characterized by the presence of horizontally projecting fins and, at the anterior end, two groups of moveable, cuticularized grasping spines used in capturing prey. In spite of an increasing number of molecular studies and an emerging consensus for protostome affinities, the phylogenetic position of the Chaetognatha is still one of the most enigmatic issues in metazoan phylogeny. The chaetognath genome is likely the product of a unique evolutionary history and shows the long isolation of this group. Furthermore, morphological characteristics provide evidence for a long evolutionary distance that separates the Chaetognatha from its closest (unknown) metazoan relative and suggest that this taxon in many aspects seems to have explored its own evolutionary pathways in generating tissue and organ diversity. Both the genome and morphological characters include many autapomorphies of this group, in addition to a bizarre character mix of protostome and deuterostome features. Here, the current knowledge of the nervous system is reviewed in these remarkable creatures.
Amygdala and anterior insula control the passage from nociception to pain
Authors: Gélébart Juliette , Garcia-Larrea Luis , Frot Maud 
Published: August 2022

AbstractActivation of the spinothalamic system does not always result in a subjective pain perception. While the cerebral network processing nociception is relatively well known, the one underlying its transition to conscious pain remains poorly described. We used intracranial electroencephalography in epileptic patients to investigate whether the amplitudes and functional connectivity of posterior and anterior insulae (PI and AI) and amygdala differ according to the subjective reports to laser stimuli delivered at a constant intensity set at nociceptive threshold. Despite the constant intensity of stimuli, all patients reported variable subjective perceptions from one stimulus to the other. Responses in the sensory PI remained stable throughout the experiment, hence reflecting accurately the stability of the stimulus. In contrast, both AI and amygdala responses showed significant enhancements associated with painful relative to nonpainful reports, in a time window corresponding to the conscious integration of the stimulus. Functional connectivity in the gamma band between these two regions increased significantly, both before and after stimuli perceived as painful. While the PI appears to transmit faithfully the actual stimulus intensity received via the spinothalamic tract, the AI and the amygdala appear to play a major role in the transformation of nociceptive signals into a painful perception.
Explaining continuity and change: The case of the Euratom Treaty
Authors: Södersten Anna 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Euratom Treaty is one of the EU Treaties. It was adopted already in 1957, but unlike the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) it has not been amended in substance. The article has two aims, which are analyzed through the lens of historical institutionalism, an approach characterized by its focus on the effects of institutions over time. First, it states and discusses some possible reasons as to why the Euratom Treaty has not been revised. Second, it shows that although the Treaty has not been formally amended by treaty revision, an incremental gradual change has occurred anyway through displacement, layering, drift, conversion, and exhaustion. This change is more than profound: it provides the Euratom with a new rationale.
The continuum of care for people living with HIV in Suriname: identifying factors influencing the care delivery process
Authors: Stijnberg Deborah , Kee Mike Mc , Bergs Jochen , Adhin Malti R , Schrooten Ward 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Identifying gaps along the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continuum of care is essential in reaching viral suppression.

Objective
The aim of this study aims to identify sociodemographic and clinical factors influencing HIV diagnosis, linkage to care, antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation and retention, and viral suppression in Suriname.

Method
Adults, over 15 years, enrolled as HIV positive in the national surveillance system from 2010 to 2015, were included. Multiple regression looking into sociodemographic and clinical factors was executed. Indicators evaluated were ‘knowing HIV status’, people initiating ART, 1-year ART retention, and viral suppression with ART.

Results
There were 2939 registered adults registered. Based on yearly average, of the 52% (95% confidence interval (CI), 52–53%) of estimated people living with HIV, 4950 knew their HIV status; 63% (95% CI, 62–64%) of these diagnosed initiated ART; and 81% (95% CI, 22–32%) of those on ART were virally suppressed. If tested positive at a non-voluntary counseling testing (VCT) site, better linkage to care (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2–2.1) is seen. Although better linked to care (aOR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.2–1.8), no difference was noted in viral suppression (aOR, 0.8; 95% CI, 0.6–1.0) for men compared to women. Men initiate treatment at a more advanced stage of disease (CD4 ≤ 200) than women (47.4% versus 31.4%), leading to higher mortality rates. People from the interior were less likely linked to care (aOR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.4–0.8) than those from urban regions but did not display significant differences in treatment initiation.

Conclusion
In each step, the continuum shows a significant drop. Innovative interventions with a particular focus on men and people living in the interior are needed. Also, a more proactive system of linking people in care, especially at VCT sites, is needed.
Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy
Authors: East James E. , Webster George J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Endoscopy is the procedure of choice in patients with retrosternal or upper abdominal symptoms who require investigation, and is essential in significant gastrointestinal bleeding to identify and—in most cases—treat the cause, with various therapeutic methods possible for erosions, ulcers, and oesophageal varices. More recent developments in the practice of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy include the use of enteroscopy for direct vision of the small bowel, video capsule endoscopy for diagnosis of obscure bleeding lesions, and an expanding range of minimally invasive therapeutic techniques. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is the standard of care for the removal of gallstones from the common bile duct, and palliating obstructing pancreatobiliary tumours.
Cardiac arrest
Authors: Perkins Gavin D. , Soar Jasmeet , Nolan Jerry P. , Gabbott David A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of sudden cardiac arrest, which causes over 60% of adult coronary heart disease deaths. Most cardiac arrests are preventable. Survival depends on early recognition and prompt initiation of chest compressions and ventilations (cardiopulmonary resuscitation), and early defibrillation if appropriate. High-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation is defined by compressions to a depth of 5–6 cm, at a rate of 100–120 per minute, full release of pressure between compressions and minimal interruptions to chest compression. Drugs have a limited role in treating cardiac arrest. If initial resuscitation is successful the quality of post-resuscitation care determines the patient’s final outcome. Use emergency care treatment plans to record in advance, recommendations for emergency treatments, including CPR.
Loading‐induced bone formation is mediated by Wnt1 induction in osteoblast‐lineage cells
Authors: Lawson Lisa Y. , Migotsky Nicole , Chermside‐Scabbo Christopher J. , Shuster John T. , Joeng Kyu Sang , Civitelli Roberto , Lee Brendan , Silva Matthew J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMechanical loading on the skeleton stimulates bone formation. Although the exact mechanism underlying this process remains unknown, a growing body of evidence indicates that the Wnt signaling pathway is necessary for the skeletal response to loading. Recently, we showed that Wnts produced by osteoblast lineage cells mediate the osteo‐anabolic response to tibial loading in adult mice. Here, we report that Wnt1 specifically plays a crucial role in mediating the mechano‐adaptive response to loading. Independent of loading, short‐term loss of Wnt1 in the Osx‐lineage resulted in a decreased cortical bone area in the tibias of 5‐month‐old mice. In females, strain‐matched loading enhanced periosteal bone formation in Wnt1F/F controls, but not in Wnt1F/F; OsxCreERT2 knockouts. In males, strain‐matched loading increased periosteal bone formation in both control and knockout mice; however, the periosteal relative bone formation rate was 65% lower in Wnt1 knockouts versus controls. Together, these findings show that Wnt1 supports adult bone homeostasis and mediates the bone anabolic response to mechanical loading.