bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-TRAP/SSP2 monoclonal antibodies can inhibit sporozoite infection and may enhance protection of anti-CSP monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Wilder Brandon K. , Vigdorovich Vladimir , Carbonetti Sara , Minkah Nana , Hertoghs Nina , Raappana Andrew , Cardamone Hayley , Oliver Brian G. , Trakhimets Olesya , Kumar Sudhir , Dambrauskas Nicholas , Arredondo Silvia A. , Camargo Nelly , Seilie Annette M. , Murphy Sean C. , Kappe Stefan H. I. , Sather D. Noah 
Published: May 2022

AbstractVaccine-induced sterilizing protection from infection by Plasmodium parasites, the pathogens that cause malaria, will be essential in the fight against malaria as it would prevent both malaria-related disease and transmission. Stopping the relatively small number of parasites injected by the mosquito before they can migrate from the skin to the liver is an attractive means to this goal. Antibody-eliciting vaccines have been used to pursue this objective by targeting the major parasite surface protein present during this stage, the circumsporozoite protein (CSP). While CSP-based vaccines have recently had encouraging success in disease reduction, this was only achieved with extremely high antibody titers and appeared less effective for a complete block of infection (i.e., sterile protection). While such disease reduction is important, these and other results indicate that strategies focusing on CSP alone may not achieve the high levels of sterile protection needed for malaria eradication. Here, we show that monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) recognizing another sporozoite protein, TRAP/SSP2, exhibit a range of inhibitory activity and that these mAbs may augment CSP-based protection despite conferring no sterile protection on their own. Therefore, pursuing a multivalent subunit vaccine immunization is a promising strategy for improving infection-blocking malaria vaccines.
Bioarchaeological and palaeogenomic portrait of two Pompeians that died during the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD
Authors: Scorrano Gabriele , Viva Serena , Pinotti Thomaz , Fabbri Pier Francesco , Rickards Olga , Macciardi Fabio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe archaeological site of Pompeii is one of the 54 UNESCO World Heritage sites in Italy, thanks to its uniqueness: the town was completely destroyed and buried by a Vesuvius’ eruption in 79 AD. In this work, we present a multidisciplinary approach with bioarchaeological and palaeogenomic analyses of two Pompeian human remains from the Casa del Fabbro. We have been able to characterize the genetic profile of the first Pompeian’ genome, which has strong affinities with the surrounding central Italian population from the Roman Imperial Age. Our findings suggest that, despite the extensive connection between Rome and other Mediterranean populations, a noticeable degree of genetic homogeneity exists in the Italian peninsula at that time. Moreover, palaeopathological analyses identified the presence of spinal tuberculosis and we further investigated the presence of ancient DNA from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the power of a combined approach to investigate ancient humans and confirms the possibility to retrieve ancient DNA from Pompeii human remains. Our initial findings provide a foundation to promote an intensive and extensive paleogenetic analysis in order to reconstruct the genetic history of population from Pompeii, a unique archaeological site.
Influence of the recent winter Arctic sea ice loss in short-term simulations of a regional atmospheric model
Authors: Cho Heeje , Kug Jong-Seong , Jun Sang-Yoon 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNotable changes in the wintertime Arctic atmospheric circulation have occurred over the last few decades. Despite its importance in understanding the recent changes in the Northern Hemisphere midlatitude climate, it remains unclear whether and how these changes are affected by recent Arctic sea ice loss. In this study, a regional scale model is used to separate the direct sea ice influence from the natural variability of large-scale atmospheric circulation. Results show that, in response to sea ice loss, the increase of geopotential height in the mid-to-upper troposphere is robust across the simulations, but the magnitude of the response is highly dependent on the background state of the atmosphere. In most cases the sea ice loss-induced atmospheric warming is trapped near the surface due to the high vertical stability of winter Arctic lower troposphere, accordingly, resulting in a small response of geopotential height. However, when a low-pressure system is located over the Barents Sea, the relatively weak stability allows an upward transport of the surface warming, causing a significantly larger geopotential height increase. This strong state-dependence of atmospheric response which is also found in recent studies using global-scale model experiments, highlights the importance of accurately representing the atmospheric background state for numerical model assessments of sea ice influence.
Comparison of epitheliotrophic factors in platelet-rich plasma versus autologous serum and their treatment efficacy in dry eye disease
Authors: Metheetrairut Chanatip , Ngowyutagon Panotsom , Tunganuntarat Abhirak , Khowawisetsut Ladawan , Kittisares Kulvara , Prabhasawat Pinnita 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCurrent treatment of severe dry eye disease (DED) includes blood-derived eye drops, such as autologous serum (AS), which lubricate the eyes and provide factors that improve ocular surface and aid in wound healing. Recent studies indicated that platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was also effective. This study aims to compare the concentration and stability of epitheliotrophic factors in AS and PRP and their efficacy in DED patients. Epitheliotrophic factors of interest are epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibronectin, platelet-derived growth factor-AB (PDGF-AB), and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1). We determined that all epitheliotrophic factors were present in AS and PRP at baseline and did not decrease in concentrations in all storage conditions (4 °C for 1 week and at − 20 °C for 1 and 3 months). However, differences in concentrations in AS and PRP were observed. PRP was also shown not to be inferior to AS in terms of efficacy in DED treatment in a prospective randomized control trial which evaluated ocular surface disease index, dry eye questionnaire, ocular surface staining, tear breakup time, and Schirmer test at baseline and at 1-month follow-up. Therefore, with its shorter preparation time, PRP could be considered as an alternative to AS for the treatment of DED.
A new evaluation model of a water conveyance channel based on Bayesian theory by integrating monitoring and detection information
Authors: Wang Yuan , Wei Zhi-Jian , Ren Jie , Gong Jia-Kun , Feng Di 
Published: May 2022

AbstractChannels are commonly used in long-distance water transfer projects, where landslides, collapses, or erosion may occur in its course of operation; thus, safety evaluation is conducted through monitoring and detection in its key and potentially hazardous areas. However, monitoring and detection information cannot comprehensively reflect the prominent problems of the safety state of the channel in terms of time and space. Therefore, studying how to realize the integration of monitoring and detection information is an important task for the safety evaluations of channels. In this paper, a method of integrating monitoring and detection information based on Bayesian theory is presented. The research shows that the fusion method of gathering monitoring and detection information based on Bayesian theory successfully captures the safety state of high-filling channels, and it can quantify and reduce uncertainty compared with fuzzy theory and the GA-BP neural network. By studying the influence of monitoring information on the safety of the channel, it is found that the horizontal displacement has a greater impact on the safety of the channel than the vertical displacement. A comparison of the results of fusing seven different monitoring points shows that the comprehensive utilization of horizontal and vertical displacement can improve the accuracy of the evaluation results. Compared to the safety coefficient calculated by the actual exploration, the error rate of the GA-BP neural network is 42.7%, and the fusion method based on Bayesian theory is 2.9%. The proposed method based on Bayesian theory can better use the detection information to recognize and understand the rock and soil in advance; hence, the evaluation results are more reliable and consistent with the actual engineering state.
Maternal psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic and structural changes of the human fetal brain
Authors: Lu Yuan-Chiao , Andescavage Nickie , Wu Yao , Kapse Kushal , Andersen Nicole R. , Quistorff Jessica , Saeed Haleema , Lopez Catherine , Henderson Diedtra , Barnett Scott D. , Vezina Gilbert , Wessel David , du Plessis Adre , Limperopoulos Catherine 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Elevated maternal psychological distress during pregnancy is linked to adverse outcomes in offspring. The potential effects of intensified levels of maternal distress during the COVID-19 pandemic on the developing fetal brain are currently unknown.

Methods
We prospectively enrolled 202 pregnant women: 65 without known COVID-19 exposures during the pandemic who underwent 92 fetal MRI scans, and 137 pre-pandemic controls who had 182 MRI scans. Multi-plane, multi-phase single shot fast spin echo T2-weighted images were acquired on a GE 1.5 T MRI Scanner. Volumes of six brain tissue types were calculated. Cortical folding measures, including brain surface area, local gyrification index, and sulcal depth were determined. At each MRI scan, maternal distress was assessed using validated stress, anxiety, and depression scales. Generalized estimating equations were utilized to compare maternal distress measures, brain volume and cortical folding differences between pandemic and pre-pandemic cohorts.

Results
Stress and depression scores are significantly higher in the pandemic cohort, compared to the pre-pandemic cohort. Fetal white matter, hippocampal, and cerebellar volumes are decreased in the pandemic cohort. Cortical surface area and local gyrification index are also decreased in all four lobes, while sulcal depth is lower in the frontal, parietal, and occipital lobes in the pandemic cohort, indicating delayed brain gyrification.

Conclusions
We report impaired fetal brain growth and delayed cerebral cortical gyrification in COVID-19 pandemic era pregnancies, in the setting of heightened maternal psychological distress. The potential long-term neurodevelopmental consequences of altered fetal brain development in COVID-era pregnancies merit further study.
Dynamic spectrum sharing between active and passive users above 100 GHz
Authors: Polese Michele , Ariyarathna Viduneth , Sen Priyangshu , Siles Jose V. , Restuccia Francesco , Melodia Tommaso , Jornet Josep M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSixth-generation wireless networks will aggregate higher-than-ever mobile traffic into ultra-high capacity backhaul links, which could be deployed on the largely untapped spectrum above 100 GHz. Current regulations however prevent the allocation of large contiguous bands for communications at these frequencies, since several narrow bands are reserved to protect passive sensing services. These include radio astronomy and Earth exploration satellites using sensors that suffer from harmful interference from active transmitters. Here we show that active and passive spectrum sharing above 100 GHz is feasible by introducing and experimentally evaluating a real-time, dual-band backhaul prototype that tracks the presence of passive users (in this case the NASA satellite Aura) and avoids interference by automatically switching bands (123.5–140 GHz and 210–225 GHz). Our system enables wide-band transmissions in the above-100-GHz spectrum, while avoiding harmful interference to satellite systems, paving the way for innovative spectrum policy and technologies in these crucial bands.
Low‐complexity linear massive MIMO detection based on the improved BFGS method
Authors: Li Lin , Hu Jianhao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLinear minimum mean square error (MMSE) detection achieves a good trade‐off between performance and complexity for massive multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) systems. To avoid the high‐dimensional matrix inversion involved, MMSE detection can be transformed into an unconstrained optimization problem and then solved by efficient numerical algorithms in an iterative way. Three low‐complexity Broyden‐Fletcher‐Goldfarb‐Shanno (BFGS) quasi‐Newton methods are proposed to iteratively realize massive MIMO MMSE detection without matrix inversion. The complexity can be reduced from to , where K and L denote the number of users and iterations, respectively. Leveraging the special properties of massive MIMO, the authors first explore a simplified BFGS method (named S‐BFGS) to alleviate the computational burden in the search direction. For lower complexity, BFGS method with the unit step size (named U‐BFGS) is presented subsequently. When the base station (BS)‐to‐user‐antenna ratio (BUAR) is large enough, the two proposed BFGS methods can be integrated (named U‐S‐BFGS) to further reduce complexity. In addition, an efficient initialization strategy is devised to accelerate convergence. Simulation results verify that the proposed detection scheme can achieve near‐MMSE performance with a small number of iterations L as low as 2 or 3.
Akkommodation
Authors: Steffen Heimo 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungAkkommodation ist die natürliche Zu- oder Abnahme der Refraktion des Auges bei Änderung des Beobachtungsabstands. Sie beruht auf der Verformbarkeit der natürlichen Augenlinse. Durch
Untersuchung der Akkommodation und der an sie gekoppelten Konvergenz lassen sich definierte Krankheitsbilder diagnostizieren und von neuroophthalmologischen Erkrankungen abgrenzen.
Überflüssige diagnostische Maßnahmen werden so vermieden, Patientenängste reduziert.
Begriffe aus der Homöopathie für Sie erklärt
Authors: Welsch Katja 
Published: May 2022

SummaryAls Repertorisation bezeichnet man eine Zusammenstellung aller Symptome des Patienten. Ein Konstitutionsmittel ist eine Arznei, die in der Gesamtheit der ihr entsprechenden Symptome dem chronischen Zustand eines Patienten entspricht.
Topografische Anatomie
Authors: Corts Magga 
Published: May 2022

SummaryDie Kenntnis über die Lage der Organe und Strukturen bezeichnet man als topografische Anatomie. Die Palpation und die Perkussion helfen dabei, diese topografische Lage eines Organs zu ermitteln. Die Oberbauchorgane Leber, Gallenblase und retroperitoneal die Nieren werden im unterschiedlichen Ausmaß zudem von der Zwerchfellbewegung bei der Ein- und Ausatmung beeinflusst.
Sepia aus synergistischer Perspektive
Authors: Peinbauer Thomas 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungIm vorliegenden Artikel wird anhand einer Krankengeschichte die Verordnung von
Sepia officinalis mittels des neuen Analysekonzepts „Synergy“
des indischen Homöopathen Rajan Sankaran näher beleuchtet.
Nahinfrarot-Autofluoreszenz: klinische Anwendung und diagnostische Relevanz
Authors: Kellner Simone , Weinitz Silke , Farmand Ghazaleh , Kellner Ulrich 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Nahinfrarot-Autofluoreszenz (NIA) ist ein nicht-invasives Verfahren zur Untersuchung des retinalen Pigmentepithels (RPE) basierend auf der Darstellung des antioxidativen Schutzfaktors
Melanin in den RPE-Zellen. Die NIA verbessert die Früherkennung chorioretinaler Erkrankungen, da bei vielen dieser Erkrankungen mit der NIA Strukturveränderungen des RPE nachweisbar sind,
bevor sich in anderen Untersuchungen Krankheitszeichen erkennen lassen.
Zwischen Rückschritt und Innovation
Authors: Rosenthal-Schleicher Katja 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungIst sie ein Heilsbringer oder gar als Rückschritt zu sehen? Über die PPR 2.0 wird viel diskutiert, sie ist trotz Aussage im Koalitionsvertrag bis heute noch nicht als Interimsinstrument eingeführt. Wir prüfen, warum die PPR 2.0 so kontrovers gesehen wird.
Wie ein Cockpit
Authors: Lazovic Darije 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungDas „Pflegemanagement-Dashboard“ am Deutschen Herzzentrum Berlin erfasst Ist- und Sollwerte der Stationsbesetzung und macht sie in Form schnell erfassbarer Diagramme visuell abrufbar. Erfahren Sie hier mehr über die Inhalte.
Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa): eine psychoaktive Pflanze mit Chancen
und Risiken
Authors: Gahr Maximilian 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungKratom ist ein immergrüner Baum, der in Südostasien heimisch ist
und dessen Blätter traditionell als Stimulans, als Therapie bei
verschiedenen gesundheitlichen Problemen und zu religiösen Zwecken
verwendet werden. Insbesondere in den USA (geringer auch in Europa) wird seit
einigen Jahren eine relevante Prävalenz des Kratomkonsums beobachtet. In
westlichen Ländern wird Kratom überwiegend als Analgetikum und
Stimulans, zur Behandlung von Schmerzen und Opioidgebrauchsstörungen und
zur günstigen Beeinflussung der psychischen Gesundheit (z. B.
bei Depression, Angststörungen) verwendet. Die chemischen
Hauptbestandteile von Kratom sind Alkaloide, von denen Mitragynin und
7-Hydroxymitragynin am bedeutsamsten erscheinen. Die Pharmakodynamik und
-kinetik von Kratom sind komplex und unzureichend untersucht. Bekannt ist, dass
Mitragynin und 7-Hydroxymitragynin Partialagonisten an humanen
μ-Opioidrezeptoren und Antagonisten an κ- und
δ-Opioidrezeptoren bei zusätzlichen Effekten an weiteren
zentralen Rezeptoren sind. Die Verträglichkeit von Kratom scheint im
Vergleich mit klassischen Opioiden besser zu sein, was mit fehlenden Effekten
von Kratom auf β-Arrestin in Verbindung gebracht und als Ausgangspunkt
für die Entwicklung besser verträglicher Opioide diskutiert
wurde. Einige Alkaloide in Kratom sind Inhibitoren von CYP2D6, geringer auch
CYP2C19 und CYP3A4. Das Abhängigkeitspotential von Kratom scheint
geringer ausgeprägt zu sein als das von klassischen Opioiden, wobei die
Datenlage dazu begrenzt ist und Kratomgebrauchsstörungen primär
in westlichen Längern auftreten. Es sind zahlreiche Fälle von
schwerwiegenden gesundheitlichen Problemen und Todesfälle im
Zusammenhang mit Kratomkonsum in den USA bekannt, wobei in diesen Fällen
meist mehrere Substanzen involviert waren. Kratomkonsum ist vermutlich mit
hepatotoxischen und kardiotoxischen Effekten assoziiert. Kratom-assoziierte
Morbidität und Mortalität unterscheiden sich zwischen westlichen
Ländern und Südostasien, wo Kratomkonsum kein
öffentliches Gesundheitsproblem darstellt, quantitativ erheblich. Als
Gründe hierfür wurden der in westlichen Ländern
verbreitete Mischkonsum, höhere Dosierungen konsumierten Kratoms,
Verfälschungen und Verunreinigungen kommerziell erhältlicher
Kratomprodukte in westlichen Ländern, pharmakokinetische Interaktionen
und höhere Konzentrationen von 7-Hydroxymitragynin in getrockneten
Kratomblättern (die typischerweise in westlichen Ländern
konsumiert werden) im Vergleich mit frischen Blättern (die
typischerweise in Südostasien konsumiert werden) genannt.
Die Basis jeder Diagnose
Authors: Bierbach Elvira 
Published: May 2022

SummaryEine ausführliche und empathisch geführte Anamnese fördert nicht nur die Therapeuten-Patienten-Beziehung, sondern ist in vielen Fällen der Schlüssel zur Diagnose. Statt eines Universalvorgehens ist bei Anamnese situationsangepasste Gesprächsführung gefragt. Ein Grundgerüst kann jedoch helfen, Struktur und Orientierung in das Gespräch zu bringen. Um Fehldiagnosen zu vermeiden gilt es, neben den Hauptsymptomen unter anderem auch die Nebensymptome sowie Vor- und Begleiterkrankungen anamnestisch zu erfassen.
Temporal Tendinitis in Craniomandibular Dysfunction (CMD) – Does it Really Exist? A Temporomandibular MRI Investigation
Authors: Stimmer Herbert , Grill Florian , Waschulzik Birgit , Nieberler Markus , Wolff Klaus-Dietrich , Kolk Andreas 
Published: May 2022

Objectives The aim of the study was to analyze the role of temporal muscle and particularly tendon pathology in patients suffering from craniomandibular dysfunction (CMD) using magnetic resonance imaging.
Materials and Methods Retrospective analysis of MRI examinations was carried out with regard to temporal muscle fibrosis and fatty degeneration and particularly temporal tendon rupture, thickening, and degenerative signal alterations. Descriptive statistics and the Mann-Whitney U-test were used for statistical evaluation.
Results Structural lesions of temporal muscle parenchyma were the absolute exception. PD hyperintensity, pronounced contrast enhancement, or peritendinous fluid collections along the temporal tendon were found only to a small extent, and a (partial) rupture occurred in only one case. The tendon diameter showed only slight variability. The Mann-Whitney U-test provided no results indicating a causal connection between degenerative joint or disc disease and temporal tendon pathology.
Conclusion A large sample of 128 magnetic resonance imaging examinations provided no evidence of a major role of temporal tendinitis in clinical CMD syndrome.
Key Points:
Citation Format
Practical Prediction Model for Ovarian Insufficiency after Radiation
Authors: Gil Gabriel Oliveira Bernardes , Asano Cassiano , Andrade Warne Pedro de , Gil Maria Luísa Braga Vieira , Cândido Eduardo Batista , Regalin Marcos , Queiroz Izabella Nobre , Cantídio Farley Soares , Delfino Darly Gomes Soares , Silva-Filho Agnaldo Lopes 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective The present study aimed to develop a useful mathematical model that predicts the age at which premature ovarian insufficiency might occur after teletherapy radiation. A diagnosis of premature or early menopause has physical and psychological consequences, so women may need support and long-term medical follow-up.
Methods To correlate ovarian radiation dose with ovarian function, we used the formula described by Wallace et al.: √g(z) = 10(2-0,15z), where “g(z)” and “z” represent oocyte survival rate and the radiation dose (in Gray), respectively. By simulating different ages and doses, we observed a pattern that could be used to simplify the relationship between radiation dose and remaining time of ovarian function.
Results We obtained a linear function between ovarian radiation dose and loss of ovarian function (LOF) that is the percentage of decrease in the time to the ovarian failure compared with the time expected for a woman at the same age without irradiation exposition. For patients < 40 years old and with ovarian radiation doses < 5 Gy, the equation LOF = 2.70 + (11.08 x Dose) can be applied to estimate the decrease in time to premature ovarian insufficiency.
Conclusion The present study reports a practicable theoretical method to estimate the loss of ovarian function. These findings can potentially improve the management and counseling of young women patients submitted to radiotherapy during their reproductive years.