bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Entrepreneurship Development on Employment Generation in SabonGari Local Government, Kaduna State
Authors: Mohammed Fauziyya 
Published: July 2022

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to examine the effect of entrepreneurship development on job creation with primary data inputs drawn from Sabon Gari Local Government Area, Kaduna State Nigeria.
Methodology: Two forms of entrepreneurship- innovative and replicative are considered with a view to contributing to the debate through the lens of binary logit regression analysis. A sample of 331 entrepreneurs were selected using simple random sampling technique and were analyzed using descriptive statistics and binary logit regression.
Findings: Despite the role of entrepreneurship towards job creation in a developing country like Nigeria, youth unemployment remains high as at 55.4% in the third quarter of 2018. The literature on the entrepreneurship-employment nexus is scanty primarily due to data limitations and lack of appropriate quantifiable measures of entrepreneurship. The result showed that about 79.7% of the sampled entrepreneurs have employed one or more persons; suggesting that entrepreneurship development has led to a reduction in unemployment. The result also shows that innovation, education and start-up capital exert a positive and significant impact on enterprise development.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The results highlight the need for sustained efforts by government and non-government institutions towards developing entrepreneurship programs in order to create jobs and attain inclusive growth.
Mapping Circular Economy Phenomenon in Emerging Markets
Authors: Zhidebekkyzy A. , Kalmakova D. , Bilan S. 
Published: July 2022

The circular economy concept is becoming more important worldwide, promoting the closed-loop production cycle paradigm as opposed to the linear economic model. For emerging markets, the concept of CE is equally important. However, emerging economies have specific contextual conditions, which might hinder the CE’s successful implementation. Preliminary research showed the lack of comprehensive reviews on CE in emerging markets context, which became a prerequisite for conducting a systematic literature review. The purpose of the study is to distinguish research streams, concepts, and topics in the field of CE in emerging markets from a longitudinal perspective as well as to define features and conditions of CE implementation in emerging markets. The analysis was conducted using the Biblioshiny R-package tool. The results show that barriers and drivers to CE implementation in emerging markets are the most studied research areas. The most common drivers of CE development in emerging markets are attitude, social pressure, environmental commitment, consumer behavior, and institutional pressures. Low awareness and lack of environmental education are the most widespread impediments that lead to insufficient development of particular disposal. In addition, lack of regulatory incentives and insufficient infrastructure are also common barriers that limit CE development in emerging economies. The influence of Industry 4.0 technologies on CE implementation, circular business model,s and waste management are of increasing scientific interest. Moreover, features and conditions of CE implementation in emerging markets were derived. In addition, the content analysis identified possible research directions to be investigated.
Settlement of the population in Kazakhstan: principles, features and prospective development
Authors: Brimbetova N. Zh. , Chulanova Z. K. , Bekturganova M. S. , Seitkan G. G. 
Published: July 2022

The economy of Kazakhstan has an undoubted regional orientation, which is typical for countries with a large territory and a high level of socio-economic disproportions between individual regions of the country. The lack of knowledge of the conditions, factors, indicators and methodological approaches to determining the reproduction and distribution of the population in the regions of Kazakhstan determined the relevance of developing a concept and a map of the actual placement of the population in the regions of Kazakhstan. The purpose of the study is to analyze and identify the trend of modern reproduction and resettlement of the population in the regions of Kazakhstan. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the development of a system of conditions and indicators for the reproduction and resettlement of the population, which can serve as a methodological basis for determining the level and potential prerequisites for the formation of rational population resettlement in the regions of the country. As a result of the study, trends in modern reproduction and resettlement of the population in the regions of Kazakhstan were identified, indicators of population distribution were analyzed regarding regional differences in the structure of the life support of the population, the ratio of the rural and urban population. Based on the study of the problem, a methodology for analyzing the system of population settlement was developed. The authors made a classification of the system of population settlement according to characteristics and analyzed population reproduction (trends in the demographic process and internal migration).
The influence of mesoscale climate drivers on hypoxia in a fjord-like deep coastal inlet and its potential implications regarding climate change: examining a decade of water quality data
Authors: Maxey Johnathan Daniel , Hartstein Neil David , Mujahid Aazani , Müller Moritz 
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Deep coastal inlets are sites of high sedimentation and organic carbon
deposition that account for 11 % of the world's organic carbon burial.
Australasia's mid- to high-latitude regions have many such systems. It is
important to understand the role of climate forcings in influencing hypoxia
and organic matter cycling in these systems, but many such systems,
especially in Australasia, remain poorly described. We analysed a decade of in situ water quality data from Macquarie Harbour,
Tasmania, a deep coastal inlet with more than 180 000 t of organic carbon
loading per annum. Monthly dissolved oxygen, total Kjeldahl nitrogen,
dissolved organic carbon, and dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations
were significantly affected by rainfall patterns. Increased rainfall was
correlated to higher organic carbon and nitrogen loading, lower oxygen
concentrations in deep basins, and greater oxygen concentrations in surface
waters. Most notably, the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) significantly
influenced oxygen distribution in the system. High river flow (associated
with low SAM index values) impedes deep water renewal as the primary
mechanism driving basin water hypoxia. Climate forecasting predicts
increased winter rainfall and decreased summer rainfall, which may further
exacerbate hypoxia in this system. Currently, Macquarie Harbour's basins experience frequent (up to 36 % of
the time) and prolonged (up to 2 years) oxygen-poor conditions that may
promote greenhouse gas (CH4, N2O) production altering the
processing of organic matter entering the system. The increased winter
rainfall predicted for the area will likely promote the increased spread and
duration of hypoxia in the basins. Further understanding of these systems
and how they respond to climate change will improve our estimates of future
organic matter cycling (burial vs. export).
Exploring the combined use of SMAP and Sentinel-1 data for downscaling soil moisture beyond the 1 km scale
Authors: Meyer Rena , Zhang Wenmin , Kragh Søren Julsgaard , Andreasen Mie , Jensen Karsten Høgh , Fensholt Rasmus , Stisen Simon , Looms Majken C. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Soil moisture estimates at high spatial and temporal resolution are of great value for optimizing water and agricultural management. To fill the gap between local ground observations and coarse spatial resolution remote
sensing products, we use Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) and Sentinel-1 data together with a unique
data set of ground-based soil moisture estimates by cosmic ray neutron
sensors (CRNS) and capacitance probes to test the possibility of downscaling soil moisture to the sub-kilometre resolution. For a high-latitude study area within a highly heterogeneous landscape and diverse land use in Denmark, we first show that SMAP soil moisture and Sentinel-1 backscatter time series correlate well with in situ CRNS observations. Sentinel-1 backscatter in both VV and VH polarizations shows a strong correlation with CRNS soil moisture at higher spatial resolutions (20–400 m) and exhibits distinct and meaningful signals at different land cover types. Satisfactory statistical correlations with CRNS soil moisture time series and capacitance probes are obtained using the SMAP Sentinel-1 downscaling algorithm. Accounting for different land use in the downscaling algorithm additionally improved the spatial distribution. However, the downscaling algorithm investigated here does not fully account for the vegetation dependency at sub-kilometre resolution. The study suggests that future research focussing on further modifying the downscaling algorithm could improve representative soil moisture patterns at a fine scale since backscatter signals are clearly informative. Highlights.
Backscatter produces informative signals even at high resolutions. At the 100 m scale, the Sentinel-1 VV and VH polarizations are soil moisture dependent. The downscaling algorithm is improved by introducing land-cover-dependent clusters. The downscaled satellite and CRNS soil moisture agree best at the agricultural site.
Clustering analysis of the Sargassum transport process: application to beaching prediction in the Lesser Antilles
Authors: Bernard Didier , Biabiany Emmanuel , Cécé Raphaël , Chery Romual , Sekkat Naoufal 
Published: July 2022

Abstract. The massive Sargassum algae beachings observed over the past decade are a
new natural hazard currently impacting the island states of the Caribbean
region (human health, environmental damages, and economic losses). This
study aims to improve the prediction of the surface current dynamic leading
to beachings in the Lesser Antilles using clustering analysis methods. The
input surface currents were derived from the Mercator model and the Hybrid
Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) outputs in which we integrated the windage
effect. Past daily observations of Sargassum beaching on Guadeloupe coasts and
satellite-based Sargassum offshore abundance were also integrated. Four
representative current regimes were identified for both Mercator and HYCOM
data. The analysis of the current sequences leading to beachings showed that
the recurrence of two current regimes is related to the beaching peaks
respectively observed in March and August. The performance score of the
predictive model showed that the HYCOM data seem more suitable to assess
coastal Sargassum hazard in the Lesser Antilles. For 1 year of tests (i.e., 2021),
the decision tree accuracy respectively reached 70.1 % and 58.2 % for
HYCOM and Mercator with a temporal uncertainty range ±3 d around the
forecast date. The present clustering analysis predictive system, requiring
lower computational resources compared to conventional forecast models, would
help improve this risk management in the islands of the region.
ICALT3 en España: investigación sobre eficacia docente implicando a múltiples agentes educativos
Authors: Fernández Carmen , Iglesias-García María- Teresa , Viñuela-Hernández María-Paulina , Martínez-García María-Lindsay 
Published: July 2022

Los factores que determinan el éxito académico de los y las estudiantes son complejos y diversos. Sin duda alguna, la tarea desarrollada por el profesorado constituye uno de los elementos centrales, ya que de sus decisiones depende en gran medida lo que sucede en el contexto de aula. Para conocer en profundidad y con rigor esta tarea es necesario estudiar científicamente el concepto de eficacia docente. En este sentido, el presente manuscrito analiza el desarrollo del Proyecto ICALT 3 en España, siguiendo las bases teóricas del modelo de eficacia docente planteado por Van de Grift (2007) quien establece seis dimensiones centrales para su estudio: clima de aprendizaje, gestión del aula, claridad de la instrucción, enseñanza activa, estrategias de enseñanza-aprendizaje y diferenciación. Para ilustrar la implementación del proyecto ICALT3 se explican las cuatro fases de su desarrollo (traducción y adaptación de los instrumentos; recogida de información mediante cuestionarios; desarrollo de la fase de observación y diseño de programas de formación inductivos) y se presentan además evidencias de su pertinencia en nuestro contexto, a partir de los estudios y observaciones desarrolladas tanto con discentes como con docentes. Los resultados obtenidos hasta el momento validan el constructo de eficacia docente, muestran que su nivel depende de las seis dimensiones básicas explicitadas y que la presencia de ciertas variables personales y contextuales determina tanto la percepción de eficacia docente como la implicación del alumnado
Борис Юдин vs Николай Трубников: биомедицина и проблема ценностного статуса науки
Authors: Кожуховская Анастасия Анатольевна 
Published: July 2022

Новейшие достижения современной биомедицины все более активно воздействуют на специализированную и повседневную практику, преобразуют совокупный социокультурный контекст, в котором совершается развитие современной науки. Одновременно проблематизируются многие общегуманистические принципы и ценности, которые до сего времени представлялись очевидными, естественными и совершенно непоколебимыми. Трансгуманизм как мировоззренческое течение и социальный проект, направленный на радикальную трансформацию человека средствами биомедицинской науки, представляет собой наглядный пример подобной проблематизации и одновременно создает угрозу тому статусу человека, который сложился в ходе естественной эволюции. Тем самым чрезвычайно обостряется вопрос о ценностном статусе науки, об этической регуляции научного прогресса, о ее критериях. Рассмотрение двух альтернативных философских подходов (Б.Г. Юдина и Н.Н. Трубникова) к данной проблеме одновременно указывает и на жизненную необходимость учета фактора человека в современном научном познании, и на отсутствие в нем конкретных показателей и мерок для подобного учета. В биомедицине данное обстоятельство проявляется особенно наглядно, что объективно превращает ее в основное предметное поле философской рефлексии по поводу совершенствования концепта человека и обновления ценностного статуса науки в системе культуры.
Благодарности: автор выражает благодарность научному руководителю, доктору философских наук, профессору кафедры философии Челябинского государственного университета Рыбину В.А.
Comparing nebulized ketamine with Entonox for acute traumatic pain in the Emergency Department: A pilot randomized trial
Authors: Arumugam Cangitaa , Nik Muhamad Nik Azlan 
Published: July 2022

Background: In this study, we compared the efficacy, patient satisfaction, and adverse effects of nebulized ketamine to those of Entonox in reducing acute traumatic pain in the Emergency Department. Methods: This was a randomized, single-centre pilot study. Eligible patients were selected from triage and divided into two groups which was nebulized ketamine and Entonox. Nebulized ketamine 50 mg (mean 0.7 mg/kg for an average adult) was administered in a concentration of 5 mL of 10 mg/mL diluted with 1 mL normal saline in a nebulizer. Entonox delivery was self-regulated by the patients. The primary outcome was efficacy of pain reduction according to the visual analogue scale (VAS) in 30 minutes. Adverse effects were monitored in both the groups. Results: A total of 26 patients were divided equally into two groups with n = 13 for each group. Mean reduction in VAS after 5 and 30 minutes was 0.62 ± 0.77 mm and 28.5 ± 12.1 mm for nebulized ketamine and 0.46 ± 0.78 mm and 30 ± 5.8 mm for Entonox. No significant difference was seen in pain reduction (5 min p = 0.616, 30 min p = 0.684). Mean satisfaction with analgesia according to a Likert scale of 1 to 6 was ketamine 4.92 ± 0.64 and Entonox 5.0 ± 0.41 (p = 0.718). No serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion: Nebulized ketamine is a comparable substitute to Entonox in managing acute traumatic pain in the Emergency Department. Further studies are required on the use of inhaled ketamine as an adjunct in managing severe pain and reducing the need for opioids.
Special issue on the first conference on COVID-19 in Iraq: The international scientific conference of Alnahrain College of Medicine and Iraqi colleges of Medicine in Iraq confronting COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sahib Abdulamir Ahmed 
Published: July 2022

Since December 2019, a local outbreak in China of atypical pneumonia has gradually spread all over the world in a few months; this set off a worldwide pandemic of a newly designated viral respiratory disease called COVID-19 which is caused by a new member of the Coronaviridae family, being named SARS-CoV-2 with multiple emerging variants. This pandemic shed a burden on different sectors of life particularly health, economy, and education. The current issue is dedicated to the first of its kind conference held by Alnahrain College of Medicine and Iraqi colleges of Medicine namely "The international scientific conference of Alnahrain College of Medicine and Iraqi colleges of Medicine in Iraq confronting COVID-19 pandemic". This conference aimed at providing a platform for demonstrating and analyzing observational and analytical studies and efforts of Colleges of Medicine and Iraqi health bodies in confronting the COVID-19 pandemic in Iraq. Such conference is necessary to discuss the burden of COVID-19 as well as the efforts and solutions toward this pandemic in Iraq. Moreover, this event shall serve as a good model for other low-income and third-world countries especially those in the region of the Middle East.
The participating studies in this conference and the selected manuscripts published in this issue cover the challenges of medical education in colleges of Medicine during the pandemic and during the health quarantine, highlighting the role of medical faculties in researching and finding solutions to unprecedented challenges laid by the pandemic. Up to 66 observational and experimental studies on COVID-19 participated in the conference and 14 full articles on these studies are published in this special issue. These studies collectively turned up with essential conclusions and recommendations on how to tackle similar pandemics in the future. The current issue includes community medicine studies on the attitude of the population and medical students in Iraq toward the vaccination programs of COVID-19, efficiency and adverse effects of current therapeutics and immunization programs, severity and spread rate of the disease, the use of social media and telemedicine for online consultation, the impact of the pandemic on the surgical and medical practice, and the particular radiological changes in lungs of COVID-19 patients. In addition, the issue included immunological and virological studies on the causative agent of the disease, SARS-CoV-2, and its related morbid sequel.
It is firmly believed that the current issue on this pioneering conference on COVID-19 in Iraq serves a great purpose, analyzing the previous and current efforts laid for confronting COVID-19 pandemic and drawing conclusions and recommendations for proper alertness for future pandemics of comparable scale whether in Iraq or in the whole region of the Middle East.
Reflexiones acerca de la articulación entre el diseño y la artesanía pilagá (Argentina)
Authors: Matarrese Marina 
Published: July 2022

En el presente artículo investigo cómo, desde el año 2015 en adelante, comenzó un auge por las producciones artesanales pilagá, de la mano de la tendencia en decoración de interiores denominada Boho. Como detallo más adelante en profundidad, ésta se caracteriza por la utilización de materias primas naturales y de muchos elementos de cestería. En esta clave, estudio la comercialización de las piezas elaboradas con fibra de carandillo por las mujeres pilagá, en el marco de las tendencias vigentes, y como parte del circuito de consumo de objetos de Diseño. Además, abordo cómo diversos negocios dedicados al Diseño de interior, desarrollan un proceso selectivo de promoción de la artesanía en términos de autenticidad y de pieza única de Diseño original; pero, de manera simultánea, invisibilizan a la artesana y apuestan a un proceso de puesta en valor parcializada del objeto. La investigación se lleva adelante a partir de un desarrollo metodológico cualitativo, que combina técnicas propias de la etnografía (trabajo de campo en comunidades indígenas y entrevistas con mujeres artesanas e intermediarios) con análisis del discurso y etnografía virtual. En síntesis, a partir del diálogo entre la antropología y el Diseño, indago cómo se construye a las artesanías en tanto objetos de Diseño a partir de una selección estratégica de determinadas características y del borramiento de otras.
Gusano cuerudo Spodoptera ornithogalli (Guenée 1852) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) en cacao Theobroma cacao L. en El Salvador
Authors: Sermeño-Chicas J. M. , Parada-Berrios F.A. , Rodríguez-Urrutia E. A. , D. Pérez , Joyce A.L. , Quintanilla-Quintanilla J.R. 
Published: July 2022

Los insectos de la familia Noctuidae son frecuentemente encontrados en El Salvador. Se caracterizan porque los adultos son de hábitos nocturnos. Este escrito trata sobre el ciclo de vida, ecología y el reporte por primera vez de Spodoptera ornithogalli (Guenée) alimentándose del follaje de cacao Theobroma cacao L. a nivel de campo en El Salvador. Los insectos fueron criados en laboratorio y se presentan fotografías de los estados de huevo, larva, pre-pupa, pupa y adultos con su dimorfismo sexual.
KRİPTO VARLIKLARIN İCRA VE İFLÂS KANUNLARINDA GÖRÜNÜMÜNE DAİR İSVİÇRE ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ÇON Ömer 
Published: July 2022

Kripto varlıkların hukuki durumu henüz belirli değildir. Türk hukukunda bu hususta bir düzenlemeye ihtiyaç vardır. Bu çalışmada kripto varlıklarla ilgili İsviçre örneği ele alınmaktadır. İsviçre hukukunda 2021 yılında yürürlüğe giren düzenlemelerin amacı, kripto varlıklar hakkında değişik sistemleri içerisinde barındıran hukuki bir yatırım ortamı tesis etmektir. Bu anlamda İsviçre örneğinde kripto varlıklar hakkında hukuki düzenlemeler yapılırken ekonomi hukukunun maddi hukukun ve icra ve iflâs hukukunun birçok kurumlarından yararlanılmıştır.
Kripto varlıklar için hazırlanan yatırım ortamının oluşmasına hizmet eden düzenlemelerden biri, İsviçre İcra ve İflâs Kanunu madde 242a’dır. İsv. İİK’de kripto varlıkların her icra işlemindeki görüntüsü ayrı ayrı düzenlenmemiştir. Dolayısıyla kanun koyucunun kripto varlıklar hakkında düzenleme yaparken kazuistik bir yöntem kullanmadığı belirtilmelidir. İsv. İİK’de, güvenli yatırım için önemli bir unsur olan aracı kuruluşlar ile yatırımcılar arasındaki ilişkinin iflâs tasfiyesi boyutuna odaklanılmıştır. İsv. İİK m. 242a, aracı şirketlerin tasfiyesinde kripto varlıkların hariç tutulabileceğine ilişkindir. Bu maddeden bir kaç farklı sonuç çıkartılabilir. Örneğin kripto varlıkların iflâs tasfiyesine dair maddelerde yer alması, aynı zamanda kripto varlıkların haciz işlemine konu ve iflâs masasına dahil olacağını da zımnen ifade etmektedir. Bu çalışmada İsviçre hukukunda yapılan kanuni düzenlemelerde yer alan gelişmeler ışığında, iflâs tasfiyesinde kripto varlıkların durumu tartışılacaktır.