bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the effect of heat treatment on the inductive effect of GO membrane during the ion diffusion process
Authors: Yin Hao , Yang Haodong , Chen Zhe , Yao Lei , Wang Geming , Deng Quanrong , Wang Hongmei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe inductive effect of 2D material in an aqueous solution can be potentially applied in biological implantable electronic devices. In this paper, graphene oxide (GO) membranes were prepared via the vacuum filtration method and then treated under different heat temperatures. X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy results showed the shrinkage of the interlayer spacing in the GO membrane, while Fourier transform infrared results indicated the loss of oxygen‐containing polar groups during the heat treatment. EIS results confirmed the inductive signal of the GO membrane appeared during the ion diffusion process. And the inductive effect can be controlled by the polar groups and the interlayer spacing in the GO membrane. Moreover, at lower electrolyte concentrations (0.0100 mol/L), more polar groups lead to a stronger inductive signal, while at higher electrolyte concentrations (0.10 mol/L), narrower interlayer spacing results in a stronger inductive signal. The investigation may provide a key clue to tune the inductance of the biological electronic device based on GO.
The Michigan Histology website as an example of a free anatomical resource serving learners and educators worldwide
Authors: Hortsch Michael 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWith anatomical education becoming a global endeavor, free online resources offered via the Internet or other electronic venues are of increasing importance for teaching and learning communities worldwide. Students and instructors from developing countries, often limited in access to modern instructional resources by infrastructural and financial constraints, are frequent users of such online learning tools. During the recent Covid‐19 pandemic when all academic institutions were forced to quickly switch to a non‐contact mode of teaching, free online instructional resources were often essential for continuing the educational mission. However, there are a number of obstacles and issues that need to be considered when creating and offering such learning resources. These include the type, quality, and completeness of the content, their educational purpose, access to technical and financial resources, copyright and ethical issues, and more. Educators, who plan to generate and maintain free online resources, should also be aware that such projects usually require a considerable long‐term time commitment. In this article, these issues are discussed using the Michigan Histology website as an example. The discussion also addresses how e‐learning resources like the Michigan Histology website supported online learning during the recent Covid‐19 pandemic.
Organocatalytic Ring‐Opening Polymerization of ϵ‐Caprolactone with Phosphoramidimidates (PADIs) as a Bifunctional Brønsted Acid Catalyst
Authors: Zhang Xun , Sun Pan , Jiang Yu , Liao Saihu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this study, an organocatalytic ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of ϵ‐caprolactone (ϵ‐CL) has been developed by employing PADIs as a novel and efficient acid/base bifunctional organocatalyst, which could afford metal‐free poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) with predictable molecular weight and narrow dispersity at a low catalyst loading under mild conditions. NMR and kinetic studies indicate that the ring‐opening polymerizations of lactones catalyzed by PADIs proceed in a living and well controlled manner. Moreover, this organic Brønsted acid catalytic system could allow the synthesis of PCL with molecular weight above 60 kg/mol, as well as well‐defined star polymers.
Videoconference to supervise early intensive behavioral intervention: A preliminary evaluation of acceptability
Authors: Hay‐Hansson Aina , Eldevik Sigmund , Strømgren Børge 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAt present, early intensive behavioral intervention (EIBI) for children with autism spectrum disorders is the intervention that has the strongest empirical support. EIBI requires frequent supervision by qualified professionals. Norway, like many other countries, has a shortage of qualified supervisors, particularly in rural regions. This study used a reversal design to investigate how supervisors and supervisees perceive the quality of EIBI supervision and the local team's preparedness when supervision was provided either on‐site or via videoconference. Calculations were made on how much time could be saved on travel when part of the supervision was provided via videoconference. There were no significant differences in the supervisors' and supervisees' ratings of on‐site and videoconference supervision. Moreover, the supervisors found the local EIBI teams to be better prepared when supervision was provided via videoconference, and the videoconference supervision meetings were shorter. The study discusses the implications of these findings for the accessibility of EIBI and case capacity and proposes some areas for further research.
Inexpensive indoor acoustic material estimation for realistic sound propagation
Authors: Kim Taeyoung , An Inkyu , Yoon Sung‐eui 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFor the realistic and immersive experience in a virtual environment, it is important to estimate and reflect the acoustic characteristic of the real indoor scenes. This article proposes a method of directly measuring the reflection coefficient of a surface, which is an acoustic characteristics in the real environment. Because expensive optimization‐based studies that mainly aim to reproduce recorded sounds indirectly estimate acoustic materials, new estimates are required whenever the actual environment changes. Our approach utilizes the method of the acoustics field to enable anyone to easily and directly measure the reflection coefficient of a real environment and generate sound in a virtual environment. We obtain the impulse response (IR) for the target surface, separate the direct sound and the reflected sound, and calculate the reflection coefficient for each surface. The measurement of the IR and the reflection coefficient calculation takes about 2 s. Our result produces a sound with a similar reverberation time to the sound recorded in the real environment.
Controlled Hydrolysis of Phosphate Esters: A Route to Calixarene‐Supported Rare‐Earth Clusters
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Marjan , Sanz Sergio , van Leusen Jan , Izarova Natalya V. , Brechin Euan K. , Dalgarno Scott J. , Kögerler Paul 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPhosphate ester bonds are widely present in nature (e. g. DNA/RNA) and can be extremely stable against hydrolysis without the help of catalysts. Previously, we showed how the combination of phosphoryl and calix[4]arene moieties in the same organic framework (LPO) allows isolation of single lanthanide (Ln) metal ions as [LnIII(LPO)2](O3SCF3)3. Here we report how by controlling the reaction conditions a new hydrolyzed phosphoryl‐calix[4]arene ligand (H3LHPO) is formed as a result of LnIII‐mediated P–OEt bond cleavage in three out of the eight possible sites in LPO. The chelating nature of H3LHPO traps the LnIII species in the form of [LnIII(LHPO)((EtO)2P(O)OH)]2 dimers (Ln=La, Dy, Tb, Gd), where the Dy derivative shows slow magnetization relaxation. The strategy presented herein could be extended to access a broader library of hydrolyzed platforms (HxLHPO; x=1–8) that may represent mimics of nuclease enzymes.
Development of an Analytical Method for the Determination of Trace Lead in Lake Water Samples by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry after Vortex Assisted‐Stearic Acid Coated Magnetic Nanoparticle Based Extraction
Authors: Serbest Hakan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the present study, a method is proposed for the determination of lead at trace levels by slotted quartz tube‐flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (SQT‐FAAS) after preconcentration with stearic acid coated magnetic nanoparticle‐based dispersive solid phase extraction (SA‐MNP‐DSPE). The slotted quartz tube (SQT) is used to enhance the analyte atom residence time in the light path. Stearic acid coated magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles, which can be easily collected with an external magnet, are used as adsorbent in the extraction process. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) values of the proposed method are obtained as 0.90 and 2.9 µg L−1, respectively. The method allows high repeatability in a wide linear range between 5.0 and 250 µg L−1, and the relative standard deviation for six replicates is 5.8%. The detection power is enhanced by about 77‐fold compared to the regular flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS) system. The method is validated by recovery experiments to four different lake water samples. After the spiking tests, good recovery results are calculated between 97% and 106%. These results show that lead can be detected at low levels in lake water samples with high sensitivity, accuracy, and precision.
A randomized Phase 2 study to compare erlotinib with or without bevacizumab in previously untreated patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer with EGFR mutation
Authors: Lee Youngjoo , Kim Hye Ryun , Hong Min Hee , Lee Ki Hyeong , Park Keon Uk , Lee Geon Kook , Kim Hyae Young , Lee Soo‐Hyun , Lim Kun Young , Yoon Sung Jin , Cho Byoung Chul , Han Ji‐Youn 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study evaluated whether an addition of bevacizumab to erlotinib improves clinical outcomes in patients with advanced EGFR‐mutated non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsThis is an open‐label, multicenter, randomized Phase 2 study in South Korea. Chemonaïve patients with Stage IIIB/IV NSCLC with EGFR 19 deletion or L858R mutation were eligible. Asymptomatic brain metastasis (BM) was enrolled without local treatment. Patients received either erlotinib plus bevacizumab or erlotinib.ResultsBetween December 2016 and March 2019, 127 patients were randomly assigned to receive erlotinib plus bevacizumab (n = 64) or erlotinib (n = 63). Fifty‐nine (46.5%) patients had baseline BM. Fewer patients in the erlotinib plus bevacizumab arm received radiotherapy for BM than in the erlotinib arm (10.3% vs. 40.0%). A trend toward longer progression‐free survival (PFS) was observed in the erlotinib plus bevacizumab arm compared with the erlotinib alone arm; however, it was not statistically significant (median PFS, 17.5 months vs. 12.4 months; hazard ratio [HR], 0.74; 95% CI, 0.51–1.08; p = .119). The unplanned subgroup analysis showed a longer PFS with erlotinib plus bevacizumab in patients with BM (median PFS, 18.6 months vs. 10.3 months; HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.31–0.95; p = .032). Grade 3 or worse adverse events occurred in 56.6% of the erlotinib plus bevacizumab arm and 20.6% of the erlotinib arm.ConclusionsAlthough it was not statistically significant, a trend to improvement in PFS was observed in patients with erlotinib plus bevacizumab compared to erlotinib alone.Plain Language SummaryA randomized Phase 2 study compared erlotinib with or without bevacizumab in previously untreated patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer with EGFR mutation. The erlotinib plus bevacizumab failed to improve median progression‐free survival compared with the erlotinib alone. However, the progression‐free survival benefit from erlotinib plus bevacizumab was found in patients with brain metastasis with no severe hemorrhagic adverse effects.
The local and long‐range input landscape of inhibitory neurons in mouse auditory cortex
Authors: Tasaka Gen‐ichi , Maggi Claudia , Taha Elham , Mizrahi Adi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRoughly 20% of the neurons in the mouse cortex are inhibitory interneurons (INs). Of these, the three major subtypes are parvalbumin (PV), somatostatin (SST), and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) expressing neurons. We used monosynaptic rabies tracing to compare the presynaptic input landscape onto these three IN subtypes in the mouse primary auditory cortex (A1). We compared both local patterns of monosynaptic inputs as well as long‐range input patterns. The local monosynaptic input landscape to SST neurons was more widespread as compared to PV and VIP neurons. The brain‐wide input landscape was rich and heterogeneous with >40 brain regions connecting to all the three INs subtypes from both hemispheres. The general pattern of the long‐range input landscape was similar among the groups of INs. Nevertheless, a few differences could be identified. At low resolution, the proportion of local versus long‐range inputs was smaller for PV neurons. At mesoscale resolution, we found fewer inputs from temporal association area to VIP INs, and more inputs to SST neurons from basal forebrain and lateral amygdala. Our work can be used as a resource for a quantitative comparison of the location and level of inputs impinging onto discrete populations of neurons in mouse A1.
Reactions of Thorium Oxide Clusters with Water: The Effects of Oxygen Content
Authors: Wang Bin , Ye Shu , Zhang Si‐Yuan , Fang Hong‐Ling , Zhang Yong‐Fan , Xia Chan‐Juan , Chen Wen‐Jie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThorium oxide has many important applications in industry. In this article, theoretical calculations have been carried out to explore the hydrolysis reactions of the ThOn (n=1–3) clusters. The reaction mechanisms of the O‐deficient ThO and the O‐rich ThO3 are compared with the stoichiometric ThO2. The theoretical results show good agreement with the prior experiments. It is shown that the hydrolysis mainly occurred on the singlet potential surface. The overall reactions consist of two hydrolysis steps which are all favourable in energy. The effects of oxygen content on the hydrolysis are elucidated. Interestingly, among them, the peroxo group O22− in ThO3 is converted to the HOO− ligand, behaving like the terminal O2− in the hydrolysis which is transformed into the HO− groups. In addition, natural bond orbital (NBO) analyses were employed to further understand the bonding of the pertinent species and to interpret the differences in hydrolysis.
Genetic variations in relation to bleeding and pharmacodynamics of dabigatran in Chinese patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: A nationwide multicentre prospective cohort study
Authors: Xiang Qian , Xie Qiufen , Liu Zhiyan , Mu Guangyan , Zhang Hanxu , Zhou Shuang , Wang Zhe , Wang Zining , Zhang Yatong , Zhao Zinan , Yuan Dongdong , Guo Liping , Wang Na , Xiang Jing , Song Hongtao , Sun Jianjun , Jiang Jie , Cui Yimin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionTo identify the potential factors responsible for the individual variability of dabigatran, we investigated the genetic variations associated with clinical outcomes and pharmacodynamics (PD) in Chinese patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF).Materials and methodsChinese patients with NVAF taking dabigatran etexilate with therapeutic doses were enrolled. The primary (bleeding events) and secondary (thromboembolic and major adverse cardiac events) outcomes for a 2‐year follow‐up were evaluated. Peak and trough PD parameters (anti‐FIIa activity, activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time) were detected. Whole‐exome sequencing, genome‐wide sequencing and candidate gene association analyses were performed.ResultsThere were 170 patients with NVAF treated with dabigatran (110 mg twice daily) who were finally included. Two single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were significantly related with bleeding, which include UBASH3B rs2276408 (odds ratio [OR] = 8.79, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.99–25.83, p = 7.77 × 10−5 at sixth month visit) and FBN2 rs3805625 (OR = 8.29, 95% CI: 2.87–23.89, p = 9.08 × 10−5 at 12th month visit), as well as with increased trends at other visits (p < .05). Furthermore, minor allele carriers of 16 new SNPs increased PD levels, and those of one new SNP decreased PD values (p < 1.0 × 10−5). Lastly, 33 new SNPs were found to be associated with bleeding and PD among 14 candidate genes. Unfortunately, the low number of secondary outcomes precluded further association analyses.ConclusionsGenetic variations indeed affected bleeding and PD in Chinese patients with NVAF treated with dabigatran. The functions of these suggestive genes and SNPs might further be explored and verified in more in vivo and in vitro investigations.
Reinforcement learning movement path for multiple mobile sinks in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Vahabi Shahrokh , Mojab Seyed Payam , Hozhabri Amir , Daneshvar Ali 
Published: December 2022

SummaryMobile sink nodes play a very active role in wireless sensor network (WSN) routing. Because hiring these nodes can decrease the energy consumption of each node, end‐to‐end delay, and network latency significantly. Therefore, mobile sinks can soar the network lifetime dramatically. Generally, there are three movement paths for a mobile sink, which are as follows: (1) Random/stochastic, (2) controlled, and (3) fixed/ predictable/predefined paths. In this paper, a novel movement path is introduced as a fourth category of movement paths for mobile sinks. This path is based on deep learning, so a mobile sink node can go to the appropriate region that has more data at a suitable time. Thereupon, WSN routing can improve very much in terms of end‐to‐end delay, network latency, network lifetime, delivery ratio, and energy efficiency. The new proposed routing suggests a reinforcement learning movement path (RLMP) for multiple mobile sinks. The network in the proposed work consists of a couple of regions; each region can be employed for a special purpose, so this method is hired for any application and any size of the network. All simulations in this paper are done by network simulator 3 (NS‐3). The experimental results clearly show that the RLMP overcomes other approaches by at least 32.48% in the network lifetime benchmark.
Precipitation legacies amplify ecosystem nitrogen losses from nitric oxide emissions in a Pinyon–Juniper dryland
Authors: Krichels Alexander H. , Greene Aral C. , Jenerette G. Darrel , Spasojevic Marko J. , Glassman Sydney I. , Homyak Peter M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractClimate change is increasing the variability of precipitation, altering the frequency of soil drying‐wetting events and the distribution of seasonal precipitation. These changes in precipitation can alter nitrogen (N) cycling and stimulate nitric oxide (NO) emissions (an air pollutant at high concentrations), which may vary according to legacies of past precipitation and represent a pathway for ecosystem N loss. To identify whether precipitation legacies affect NO emissions, we excluded or added precipitation during the winter growing season in a Pinyon–Juniper dryland and measured in situ NO emissions following experimental wetting. We found that the legacy of both excluding and adding winter precipitation increased NO emissions early in the following summer; cumulative NO emissions from the winter precipitation exclusion plots (2750 ± 972 μg N‐NO m−2) and winter water addition plots (2449 ± 408 μg N‐NO m−2) were higher than control plots (1506 ± 397 μg N‐NO m−2). The increase in NO emissions with previous precipitation exclusion was associated with inorganic N accumulation, while the increase in NO emissions with previous water addition was associated with an upward trend in microbial biomass. Precipitation legacies can accelerate soil NO emissions and may amplify ecosystem N loss in response to more variable precipitation.
Risk prediction of mortality for patients with heart failure in England: observational study in primary care
Authors: Bottle Alex , Newson Roger , Faitna Puji , Hayhoe Benedict , Cowie Martin R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsMany risk prediction models have been proposed for heart failure (HF), but few studies have used only information available to general practitioners (GPs) in primary care electronic health records (EHRs). We describe the predictors and performance of models built from GP‐based EHRs in two cohorts of patients 10 years apart.Methods and resultsLinked primary and secondary care data for incident HF cases in England were extracted from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink for 2001–02 and 2011–12. Time‐to‐event models for all‐cause mortality were developed using a long list of potential baseline predictors. Discrimination and calibration were calculated. A total of 5966 patients in 156 general practices were diagnosed in 2001–02, and 12 827 patients in 331 practices were diagnosed in 2011–12. The 5‐year survival rate was 40.0% in 2001–02 and 40.2% in 2011–12, though the latter population were older, frailer, and more comorbid; for 2001–02, the 10‐year survival was 20.8% and 15‐year survival 11.1%. Consistent predictors included age, male sex, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, GP domiciliary visits before diagnosis, and some comorbidities. Model performance for both time windows was modest (c = 0.70), but calibration was generally excellent in both time periods.ConclusionsInformation routinely available to UK GPs at the time of diagnosis of HF gives only modest predictive accuracy of all‐cause mortality, making it hard to decide on the type, place, and urgency of follow‐up. More consistent recording of data relevant to HF (such as echocardiography and natriuretic peptide results) in GP EHRs is needed to support accurate prediction of healthcare needs in individuals with HF.
Iridium Diphosphine Complexes Featuring Pendant Lewis Acids: Efforts toward Selective Heteroarene Borylation
Authors: Demchuk Mitchell J. , Zurakowski Joseph A. , Drover Marcus W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe selective forging of carbon‐boron bonds via C−H borylation stands as a central means to access fine chemical precursors. Notwithstanding, achieving selectivity in this reaction is difficult, calling for the design of molecular catalysts that offer a vector for mechanistic control. This report aims to achieve such through the strategic placement of Lewis acids in the ligand periphery, permitting engagement with a substrate through non‐covalent Lewis acid/base interactions. Various diphosphine iridium(I/III) complexes having 1,2‐bis(di‐n‐propylphosphino)ethane) (dnppe), tetrakisallylphosphinoethane (tape) and 1,2‐bis(di(3‐dicyclohexylboranyl)propylphosphino)ethane (P2BCy4) ligands were prepared. The P2BCy4 ligand scaffold boasts four Lewis acidic boron groups in its secondary coordination sphere, which are shown to engage with N‐heterocycles, tape is the precursor to P2BCy4, and dnppe is a saturated n‐propyl analogue devoid of boron functionality. Select combinations of such iridium salts/diphosphine ligands were assayed in the catalytic borylation of 2‐methylpyridine using B2Pin2 (Pin=pinacol).