bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digitalization-induced changes in health and social care work - perceptions of professionals
Authors: Kaihlanen A , Nadav J , Kainiemi E , Heponiemi T 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Digitalization has increased rapidly in health and social care and plays an increasingly important role in the daily work of health and social care professionals. The effects of digitalization are often viewed from the societal and economic perspectives, and less from the perspective of the changing health and social care work. This study examined how health and social care professionals perceive the effects of digitalization on their work.

Methods
Eight semi-structured focus-group interviews were conducted in four Finnish health centers at the end of 2020. The participants (n = 30) were nurses, physicians, and social workers. Qualitative content analysis with inductive approach was used to analyze the data.

Results
Four main categories emerged from the perceived effects of digitalization: 1) two-way changes in workload and pace (reduced/increased work, accelerated/slowed pace of work, duplication of work/saved employee resources), 2) changes in the content and nature of work (reallocation of work, emergence of new tasks, new skills needs, diversification of service provision), 3) changes in work community communication and interaction (improved interaction and communication, strengthened multidisciplinary collaboration, complicated remote interaction, reduced encounters) and 4) improved flow of patient information and information security (improved data transfer, patient monitoring and data protection).

Conclusions
Digitalization-induced changes in health and social care work seem to be manifold and often two-sided. It has the potential to ease the work and offer other benefits, but at the same time it may complicate work in other respects, especially if the system does not support work tasks or the usability is poor. When implementing new digital services and pursuing benefits, more attention should be paid to assessing and considering the potential disadvantages to minimize additional strain among already burdened health and social care professionals.

Key messages
• The perceived effects of digitalization on health and social care work are often two-sided and can contribute to the well-being of professionals.
• Monitoring the use of digital services and the experiences of professionals about them, as well as identifying their skills needs and training aspirations is crucial.
Presenting a Social Value Database and Simulator for Public Health
Authors: Cotter-Roberts A , Ashton K , Stielke A , Dyakova M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
There is increasing recognition that Public Health Institutes need to build on the traditional value for money approach, to find ways to capture, measure and show the full range of their outcomes, impacts and related value. As part of a drive to measure value and impact in public health and demonstrate how investment in health can contribute to an Economy of Well-being, Public Health Wales has developed an interactive database to capture and illustrate the social value of public health services and interventions.

Methods
Scoping reviews of both academic and grey literature were undertaken to populate a database of health economics evaluations of public health interventions, focusing on Social Return on Investment (SROI). In addition, a simulated methodology was developed which allows the evidence to be manipulated and made relevant to individual contexts to help inform investment decisions at a local level.

Results
To date, the database has accumulated an excess of 50 SROI evaluations of various public health interventions, across areas including mental health, behaviour change, physical activity, nutrition, employment and primary care. The evaluations are based on European and International contexts, are published in both grey and academic sources, and are of varying quality.

Conclusions
SROI is a credible method for measuring the value of wider social, economic and environment outcomes achieved from public health interventions. The Social Value Database and Simulator presents a collation of studies and analysis utilising innovative health economics methods.

Key messages
• Public Health Wales’ Social Value Database and Simulator collates economic evaluations of public health interventions, to be used by policy makers to enable improved investment in health and well-being.
• Social Return on Investment is a credible method for measuring the wider impact created by public health interventions.
Sources of perceived social support and emotional difficulties in late adolescence
Authors: Östberg V , Låftman SB , Raninen J 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Late adolescence is a life phase when mental health problems are common. Social support is, however, associated with less problems. Social support stems from different sources with the family being the main provider in early life while friends gain in importance during adolescence. Using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), this study investigates the relative importance of different sources of support for emotional difficulties in girls and boys.

Methods
Data was derived from the Swedish population-based cohort study Futura01 (girls: n = 2105, boys: n = 1673). Adolescents in the final year in compulsory school (aged 15-16 years) were sampled in 2017 and followed up in 2019 (aged 17-18 years). Perceived social support was measured at 17-18 years by the MSPSS scale. Emotional difficulties were measured at 15-16 and 17-18 years by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) subscale. Linear regression analysis was used to study associations between support sources and emotional difficulties at 17-18 years, adjusting for all support sources, family type, upper secondary school program as well as prior emotional difficulties.

Results
Among girls, emotional difficulties were associated with perceived support from family (b=-0.22; 95% CI -0.29; -0.15) and friends (b=-0.26; 95% CI -0.35; -0.18) but not significant others (b = 0.00; 95% CI -0.10; 0.11). Among boys, emotional difficulties were associated with support from family (b=-0.10; 95% CI -0.18; -0.02), friends (b=-0.17; 95% CI -0.25; -0.09) and significant others (b=-0.13; 95% CI -0.22; -0.04).

Conclusions
The negative association between perceived social support and emotional difficulties, irrespective of prior emotional difficulties, suggests that support has a protective effect. In late adolescence, support from friends and, to a similar degree, the family seems to matter for mental health. Support from significant others did however not show a protective effect in girls.

Key messages
• Adolescents aged 17-18 years with higher levels of perceived social support report less emotional difficulties.
• Efforts to increase family and friend support are relevant for adolescent mental health.
Promotion of healthy living environments in communities: a digital planning tool for local public health actors
Authors: Busskamp A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In their function as overarching settings, communities have a controlling role and political competence for the development and implementation of healthy living environments in Europe. However, the establishment of health-promoting structures is often hampered by a lack of resources and know-how, and decisions in practice are mostly based on personal experiences or standard procedures, which are often not in line with scientific findings and evidence-informed decision making. In the area of physical activity and older people, a digital planning tool (“Impulsgeber Bewegungsförderung”) compromising tools for needs assessment, interventions and information on physical activity, process management, legal issues and funding is being built to support the implementation of practices by local public health actors. This presentation will introduce the digital planning tool and its process evaluation. A mixed-method approach was applied to answer the question of whether and how the application can succeed in community settings and which additional needs of local actors exist. Initial steps of the recruited socio-economically disadvantaged model regions were setting up local steering committees and needs assessment using the tool. The model regions confirmed the usefulness of the tool in their day-to-day work, but used it with varying frequency. Among others, the tool helps to raise awareness among key actors, to reflect on their own work, or to identify funding sources. Wider use of the digital tool may lead to more evidence-informed actions in health promotion and prevention. The evaluation of the digital planning tool in a small area of health promotion will provide initial insights into how to support the implementation of activity-promoting living environments on a local level.
7.N. Workshop: Mental health promotion is key to making a change for children and adolescents
Authors:   Organised by: EUPHA-CAPH,   Chair persons: Julia Dratva (EUPHA-CAPH), Jutta Lindert (EUPHA-PMH)
Published: October 2022

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic highlighted the already high burden in children and adolescents and has caused an increasing mental health burden in this age group. While provision of treatment is highly relevant, this alone is unlikely to make a significant difference in reducing the burden of poor mental health and mental illness. It is elemental to promote and strengthen mental health, also knowing this will not be the last crisis to tackle. Alongside of low threshold support and prevention, health promotion can strengthen individuals’ resilience or coping mechanisms. Next to individual and target group interventions, health promotion interventions also follow a setting approach, according to which people are understood as part of the social systems in which they live and spend their time. This workshop is about mental health promotion in youth. We wish to point to the importance of health promotion in the overall aim to improve mental health. The first presentation will provide an overview of mental health promotion concepts and mechanisms, providing evidence-based arguments and examples. The second presentation focusses on the ABC-framework to develop and implement MHP initiatives developed by the WHO. The last two presentations address the setting-approach, school and family and their potential in mental health promotion. In the concluding discussion with workshop participants, we will address questions, experiences, and best practices in mental health. The aim of this workshop is three-fold:
1. Provide the back-drop and a theoretical & practical basis on mental health promotion.
2. Present both individual and setting-specific examples of mental health promotion.
3. Provide room for discussion on experience and best practice in mental health promotion in youth.

Key messages
• Mental health promotion is an important element in reducing mental health burden in children and adolescents.
• Health promotion can effectively be implemented on an individual and structural level.
Challenges in school-to-work transition for marginalized groups - the need to strengthen structures for vulnerable youth (post pandemics) Findings from the German project “Co*Gesund”
Authors: Kuchler M , Heid K , Rademaker A , Quilling E 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objective
The transition from school to work is a challenge for young people which is closely correlated with health and well- being. Promoting resilience factors contributes to adolescents’ mental health and social and educational success. The aim of this study is to examine how especially vulnerable youth cope with the transition during the pandemic to identify which structural measures are helpful and which are a hindrance and to develop recommendations for action.

Methods
First, a rapid review on the subject of young people's mental health during the pandemic was conducted. Based on this 30 interviews with professionals from schools and vocational education and two focus groups with young people from participating institutions follow in spring and summer 2022. Finally, recommendations for action will be developed together with both groups.

Results
The results of the literature research illustrate the strong influence of the pandemic on the mental health of adolescents and, in particular, the increase in health inequalities along the social gradient. In relation to school and education, it is clear that young people lacked contact persons during this time. It is expected that the interviews and focus groups give insight, which resources of the young people can be strengthened in a low- threshold way and will provide further concrete indications on what structural development is needed to strengthen the resilience of young people.

Conclusions
For the promotion of mental health it is necessary to rely not only on the resources of young people themselves, but especially on the resources available in their environment. Only in this way transition processes can be managed successfully by the young people and they can be strengthened for the future. To this end, solutions should be developed jointly and support systems should be improved
Italian survey on the use of a multidisciplinary approach for age assessment of UAM
Authors: Diodati A , Curtale F , Mirisola C , Costanzo G 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Issue
Many methods are used to assess the age of unaccompanied foreign minors (UAM). In Italy, in the frame of a new legislative asset, a multidisciplinary protocol has been adopted in July 2020 with the aim of ensuring that all UAMs are assessed uniformly throughout the country when their age is in doubt. The assessment is based on a multidisciplinary - social, psychological and physical - evaluation performed by a team of specialists. The local health authorities (ASL) carry out the assessment when requested by the Juvenile Court.

Description
One year after the establishment of the protocol, INMP launched a national survey, through an online questionnaire, to investigate the formal adoption of the protocol by the ASL and their adherence in practice. The survey started on 10 January 2022 and closed on 8 March 2022.

Results
Out of 118 ASL that were asked to participate, 102 (85%) answered. 37 declared to have a multidisciplinary team for age assessment. Of them, 18 use the formal protocol, 11 use an approach “in line” with the protocol and 8 have a forensic team, out of the rules of the protocol. Of the 65 that did not set up the team, 22 declared that they were ready to do so. 846 age assessment requests were reported and 687 were carried out. 398 migrants were recognized as minors, 222 migrants were not recognized as minors, and the age of 67 migrants remained uncertain.

Lessons
The pandemic period prevented the effective adoption of the protocol by the ASL, that were strongly engaged in the COVID 19 response. There is still great variability in the way the age assessment of UAMs is conducted and in order to counteract the use of inadequate/outdated practices, it is necessary to actively promote and support the adoption of the protocol. In addition, a continuous comparison/dialogue between the multidisciplinary teams, the Juvenile Court, and the Police Headquarters is also needed, so that the procedure is requested only when necessary and carried out properly.

Key messages
• In case of doubt, the age of all UAM has to be assessed in a uniform manner throughout the country.
• The adoption of the multidisciplinary protocol has to be actively promoted and supported to counter the use of inadequate or outdated assessment practices.
Evaluation of opt-in HIV testing in the construction workplace using the socioecological framework
Authors: Blake H , Somerset S , Jones W , Evans C , Cirelli C , Mbang D 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Late diagnosis of HIV remains a challenge and the construction workforce has several risk factors for HIV. In the Test@Work programme, we delivered HIV tests embedded within a general health check to construction workers, with high uptake and acceptability. Here, we report the experiences of construction managers and health professionals involved in Test@Work and explore the suitability of construction worksites as a venue for opt-in HIV testing.

Methods
Qualitative interviews (n = 24) were conducted with construction managers who facilitated events (n = 13), and HIV/health check delivery partners (n = 11) at 21 Test@Work events held on construction sites. Interviews explored experiences of events and views towards workplace HIV testing. Event exit questionnaires (n = 107) completed by delivery partners provided qualitative data identifying facilitators and barriers to effective delivery. Thematic analysis identified themes that were mapped against a socioecological framework (individual, interpersonal, organisational, industry, public health).

Results
Delivery partners reported high engagement of construction workers with workplace HIV testing, peer-to-peer encouragement for uptake, and value for accessibility of onsite testing. HIV professionals valued the opportunity to reach an untested population, many of whom had a poor understanding of their exposure to HIV risk. Managers valued the opportunity to offer workplace health checks to employees but some identified challenges with event planning, or provision of private facilities.

Conclusions
The construction sector is complex with a largely male workforce. Providing worksite HIV testing and education to an untested population who have poor knowledge about HIV risk helped to normalise testing, increase uptake, and reduce HIV stigma. However, there are practical barriers to testing in the construction environment. This has global implications for delivery of HIV testing in construction workplace settings.

Key messages
• Delivering workplace HIV testing as part of a general health check helps to normalise HIV testing and reduce HIV-related stigma.
• Workplace testing is convenient, accessible and reaches populations at risk for HIV, but there are some barriers to implementation of rapid tests on construction sites.
Review of interoperability standards as data quality supporting elements
Authors: Doupi P , Estupiñán-Romero F , Comendeiro-Maaloe M , Launa R , Mäkinen M , Bernal-Delgado E 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
WP6 has approached the target of supporting trustworthy secondary use of health and health care data through two operational objectives: developing the EHDS data quality assurance framework for real-world health data and developing the EHDS secondary use Semantic Interoperability Framework. For the latter objective, several interoperability standards were identified in accordance with the EHDS2 data life cycle and user's journey approach, hence focusing on data discoverability (at data source and variable levels), communication support across nodes and on development of common data models. Selection was based on active participation of WP6 leaders in various pertinent workshops and interactive activities, both in the framework of TEHDAS (Stakeholder and Project Forum meetings) as well as other relevant initiatives (e.g. the PHIRI project). Input was also sought from Commission representatives and EU-level regulatory authorities. In a first step, standards were catalogued based of features such as typology of interest, utility and application domains. In the next phase we organised virtual semi-structured interviews with key representatives of over 20 standards (incl. HL7, SNOMED, CDISC, DCAT, OMOP etc.). The focus of the interviews targeted experiences in standards’ actual use, challenges in their implementation, issues of maintenance and sustainability, as well as undergoing collaborations and developments. Sessions were recorded and subsequently the transcripts of discussion extracted automatically. The process of analysing interview materials is presently ongoing, using an adapted version of the Common Assessment Method for Standards and Specifications (CAMSS) v.4.0.0. toolkit. Interim results will be discussed within the Joint Action meeting activities in June 2022, to produce a version for wider stakeholder dialogue later in the fall. Results and recommendations generated through this process will also be presented for discussion with the workshop audience.
Intergenerational education and premature mortality: a registry population-based study
Authors: Carmeli C , Anker D , Chiolero A , Cullati S 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Inequalities in premature mortality due to individual's attained education are well documented. Intergenerational educational trajectories, whereby both parental and individual education may affect mortality, have received less attention. Our aim was to assess the effect of intergenerational educational trajectories on sex- and cause-specific risks of chronic disease-related premature mortality in Switzerland. Data were from 695,972 individuals born between 1971 and 1980, who were followed from adolescence (10-19y) to mid-life (38-47y) in the Swiss National Cohort, a registry population-based study. Educational trajectories were categorized into four levels: High-High, High-Low, Low-High, Low-Low, which corresponded to the sequence of parental-individual attained education (exposure). Cause of death categories were cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, substance use and all other chronic diseases (outcome). We implemented a counterfactual-based framework to quantify inequalities and ran negative outcome controls to triangulate findings. Overall, inequalities were negligible for women and substantial for men, particularly in CVD and substance use deaths. Specifically, inequalities in CVD were negligible by age 30, while by age 45 inequalities due to a High-Low or Low-Low trajectory corresponded to 229 (95% confidence interval (CI): 99, 381) additional CVD deaths per 100,000 persons compared to a High-High trajectory. Inequalities in substance use deaths due to a High-Low trajectory corresponded to 106 (95% CI: 47, 208) additional deaths per 100,000 persons compared to a High-High trajectory by age 30, and increased afterwards. We identified sex- and cause-specific groups at high-risk of premature mortality, and life periods when inequalities due to both parental and individual education arise. Prioritization of prevention strategies in those life periods and groups may help reduce educational inequalities in chronic disease-related premature mortality.