bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: Characterization of Babassu Mesocarp Flour as Potential Bio-Reinforcement for the Sustainable Development of Poly(Lactic Acid)-Based Composite Films
Authors: Silva Lucas Rafael Carneiro da , Alves Tatianny Soares , Barbosa Renata , Morisso Fernando Dal Pont , Rios Alessandro de Oliveira , Santana Ruth Marlene Campomanes 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In the babassu oil extraction industry, several types of by-products are generated, and one of them is the mesocarp, which when dried and ground, is transformed into a flour that is called “Babassu Mesocarp Flour” (BMF). Thus, the use of the BMF as a bio-reinforcement for Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) aiming at the production of composite films applied in food packaging is a promising alternative, which leads to the development of new products with added value. Therefore, in this work, before any attempt to produce films, the industrially extracted BMF was characterized for a better understanding of its chemical composition and inherent characteristics. The elemental analysis showed that this raw material is predominantly an organic material, however, it also presented contents of inorganic chemical elements according to the X-ray fluorescence analysis. Its particles exhibited an average diameter of 38.82 µm and a specific surface area of 3.02 m2/g. Through microscopic techniques, mainly by scanning electron microscopy, starch granules in different shapes and sizes were observed, since starch is the main component of the composition of this raw material. The results of X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy showed a structure and functional groups, respectively, typical of starchy materials, evidencing the sustainable and biodegradable character of the BMF. The reported characteristics of the BMF are of great value in PLA-based film formulations, as this combination would reduce impacts on the environment, as both are ecologically correct.
I wasn't sure it would work. I was just trying: The choice of abortion methods among young women in Kilifi county, Kenya, and the Atlantique department, Benin
Authors: Omondi Gladys Akinyi , Both Jonna , Ouedraogo Ramatou , Kimemia Grace , Juma Kenneth 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Despite the increased availability of safe abortion methods in sub-Saharan Africa, women continue to use unsafe abortion methods that result in severe complications, lifelong disabilities, and maternal deaths. Barriers to safe abortion methods are largely attributed to restrictive abortion laws, low levels of awareness of safe abortion methods, poverty, and socio-cultural and health system barriers. Nonetheless, there is a paucity of data on the pathways toward the use of either safe or unsafe abortion methods, and especially the mechanisms of decision-making around choices of abortion methods. By answering the questions: which abortion methods do women use and why? Who and what influences their decisions? What can we learn from their decision-making process to enhance the use of safe abortion methods? We provide an in-depth analysis of the rationale behind the choice of abortion methods used by women in Kilifi County in Kenya and the Atlantique department in Benin.
Methods
We derive data from an ethnographic study conducted between January and August 2021 on lived experiences, social determinants, and pathways to abortion. Data were collected using in-depth interviews (IDIs) with 95 girls and women who had a recent abortion experience. Key informant interviews (KIIs) and Focused group discussions (FGDs) were also conducted. Data analysis was carried out through an inductive process.
Results
Our findings reveal that women used a variety of methods to procure an abortion including the use of herbs, high doses of pharmaceutical drugs, homemade concoctions, medical abortion drugs, and surgical abortion methods. Women used the different methods singularly, multiple times, and sometimes mixed them to achieve their final goal of pregnancy termination. The primary motivation for the use of different abortion methods was the pursuit of social safety (preservation of social relationships and avoidance of shame and stigmatization) instead of medical safety.
Conclusion
Our findings affirm the need to increase access to reliable and well-framed information about safe abortion methods. Abortion services should also consider both medical and social safety.
Effects of simulated fire and browsing on the resprouting of subtropical dune thicket shrubs in the southeastern Cape Floristic Region
Authors: Strydom Tiaan , Cowling Richard M. , Grobler B. Adriaan , Kraaij Tineke 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Aim: The expansion of subtropical thicket vegetation at the expense of more species-rich, fire-prone fynbos, potentially due to lower frequency and severity of fire and browsing, is a concern in many coastal dune landscapes of the Cape Floristic Region (CFR) where these two vegetation types co-occur. We were interested in the effects of severe fire and browsing treatment on the vigour of post-fire resprouts of dune thicket shrubs.
Location: Cape St Francis, CFR, South Africa.
Methods: We used an in-situ experimental approach to compare the effects of simulated fire and browsing by herbivores on mortality, resprouting vigour and resprouting rate of ten canopy-forming dune thicket shrub species from different architectural guilds, five years after a previous severe wildfire.
Results: Survival was significantly lower after fire (85%) than after browsing (95%), and was significantly positively related to pre-treatment shrub size. All measures of resprouting vigour were significantly lower after fire than after browsing, and were significantly positively related to pre-treatment size. Resprouting rate was significantly lower after fire than after browsing, and was significantly positively affected by pre-treatment size. Survival and measures of resprouting vigour were generally decoupled from architectural guild and species identity.
Conclusion: Dune thicket shrubs showed high survival after both fire and browsing treatments, suggesting that these species are resilient to frequent, severe defoliation disturbances. Our results suggest that short interval fires (5-15 years) of high severity will merely maintain the co-occurrence of dune fynbos and thicket vegetation by setting back thicket growth rather than causing large-scale mortality of thicket shrubs.
Cardiac amyloidosis patient with cardiac conduction disturbances: A case report
Authors: Hosono Keisuke , Kiuchi Shunsuke , Ikeda Takanori 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CA) has recently been diagnosed more because of advances in diagnostic techniques, such as 99mTc-labeled pyrophosphate (99mTc PYP) scintigraphy. ATTR-CA remains poorly diagnosed by many physicians, except for cardiologists and neurologists, and by patients. In this manuscript, we present a patient who was recommended to undergo a close examination but developed cardiac conduction disturbances and defects due to delays in the examination and treatment initiation. The patient was a 72-year-old Japanese man treated for hypertension at our hospital for approximately 30 years. The patient was diagnosed with left ventricular hypertrophy at 62 years old and hospitalized for heart failure at 68 years old. ATTR-CA was suspected by 99mTc-PYP scintigraphy performed at 70 years old, and a skin biopsy was performed. However, the skin biopsy did not confirm the diagnosis, and myocardial biopsy was recommended, which was declined by the patient. He finally consented to myocardial biopsy 2 years later, leading to the diagnosis of ATTR-CA at 72 years old. However, the patient had atrial fibrillation and a complete atrioventricular block. If ATTR-CA were widely recognized and understood, it might have been diagnosed and treated before the cardiac conduction disturbances appeared. It is essential to have an understanding and appropriate examinations for ATTR-CA based on sufficient explanation and consent.
Deep Learning-based Prediction of Intra-Cardiac Blood Flow in Long-axis Cine Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Sun Xiaowu , Cheng Li-Hsin , Plein Sven , Garg Pankaj , Moghari Mehdi H. , Geest Rob J. van der 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to design and evaluate a deep learning-based method to automatically predict the time-varying in-plane blood flow velocity within the cardiac cavities in long-axis cine MRI, validated against 4D flow.
Methods: A convolutional neural network (CNN) was implemented, taking cine MRI as the input and the in-plane velocity derived from the 4D flow acquisition as the ground truth. The method was evaluated using velocity vector end-point error (EPE) and angle error. Additionally, the E/A ratio and diastolic function classification derived from the predicted velocities were compared to those derived from the 4D flow.
Results: For intra-cardiac pixels with a velocity >5 cm/s, our method achieved an EPE of 8.65 cm/s, angle errorof 41.27°. For pixels with a velocity >25 cm/s, the angle error significantly reduced to 19.26°. Although the averaged blood flow velocity prediction was under-estimated by 26.69%, the high correlation (PCC=0.95) of global time-varying velocity and the visual evaluation demonstrate a good agreement between our prediction and 4D flow data. The E/A ratio was derived with minimal bias, but with considerable mean absolute error of 0.39 and wide limits of agreement. The diastolic function classification showed a high accuracy of 88.1%.
Conclusions: Using a deep learning-based algorithm, intra-cardiac blood flow velocities can be predicted from long-axis cine MRI with high correlation with 4D flow derived velocities. Visualization of the derived velocities provides adjunct functional information and may potentially be used to derive the E/A ratio from conventional CMR exams.
Adherence to the French Dietary Guidelines decreases type 2 diabetes risk through pathways of obesity markers: The E3N-EPIC Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Seck Daouda , Shah Sanam , Correia Emmanuelle , Marques Chloé , Varraso Raphaëlle , Gaye Bamba , Boutron-Ruault Marie-Christine , Laouali Nasser 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground/Objectives: Obesity and type diabetes (T2D) have been associated with low adherence to the 2017 French food-based dietary guidelines, as assessed by the Programme National Nutrition Santé - guidelines score 2 (PNNS-GS2). However, whether the association between T2D and the PNNS-GS2 is direct or mediated by obesity, a major risk factor for T2D, has been little investigated.Subjects/Methods: The study included 71,450 women from the French E3N-EPIC cohort, mean age of 52.9 years (SD 6.7). The simplified PNNS-GS2 (sPNNS-GS2) was derived via a food history questionnaire. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of T2D for each 1-SD increase in sPNNS-GS2. Causal mediation analyses were used to decompose the total effect of sPNNS-GS2 on T2D into a direct effect and indirect effect mediated by body mass index (BMI) or the waist-hip ratio (WHR).Results: During a mean follow-up of 19 years, 3679 incident T2D cases were identified and validated. There was a linear association between adherence to sPNNS-GS2 and T2D risk (P-nonlinearity = 0.92). In the fully adjusted model, each 1-SD increase in the sPNNS-GS2 was associated with a lower risk of T2D [HR (95% CI), 0.92 (0.89, 0.95)]. The overall associations were mainly explained by sPNNS-GS2-associated excess weight, with BMI and WHR mediating 52% and 58% of the associations, respectively.Conclusions: Higher adherence to the 2017 French food-based dietary guidelines was associated with a lower risk of T2D in women, and a significant portion of this effect could be attributed to excess weight measured by BMI or WHR. This finding helps better understand the mechanisms underlying the diet-T2D association.
La producción de videojuegos en La Habana durante el 2019. ¿Una industria en construcción?
Authors: López García Hamlet , Fernández Hernández Carlos , Rodríguez Fidel Alejandro , Pérez Piloto Amanda 
Published: December 2022

El artículo tiene el objetivo de diagnosticar cuál es el estado de la producción de videojuegos en la ciudad de La Habana. Para ello recoge información mediante entrevistas a algunos productores y analiza información documental durante el 2019, año que cubre el presente artículo. Entre los principales resultados se encuentra que si bien no puede hablarse de la presencia de una industria, existe una ventana de oportunidad para su fomento. El artículo concluye con algunas referencias a lo ocurrido posteriormente al año del estudio y un conjunto de sugerencias de políticas.
La sátira política como mecanismo comunicativo: el ejemplo de la colección de Papeles Varios del Archivo Histórico de la Universidad de Salamanca
Authors: Vivas Moreno Agustín 
Published: December 2022

La Colección de Papeles Varios (P.V.) del Archivo Histórico de la Universidad de Salamanca (A.U.S.A.) es una colección documental, esto es, un conjunto de documentos reunidos según criterios no objetivos, y que por lo tanto, no conservan una estructura orgánica ni responden al principio de procedencia archivístico, y que dado su interesante material, inédito en gran medida, merece ser consultada por investigadores no sólo vinculados a la historia universitaria, sino también por estudiosos de otras especialidades para los siglos XVI-XVIII. En esta ocasión, nos centraremos en dar a conocer los documentos relacionados con sátira política. Esta forma documental se caracteriza por la crítica, la cualidad aleccionadora y el humor, convirtiéndose en un extraordinario instrumento de comunicación. Las invectivas al estamento eclesiástico, las críticas a la política u otras cuestiones anecdóticas aparecen reﬂejados en nuestros documentos. Finalmente presentamos el anexo de los mismos.
An Analysis of the Note on Languages in Philosophical Courses at the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries
Authors: Symchych Mykola 
Published: December 2022

This article examines the note on languages in eleven philosophical courses taught in the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. This small textual fragment, which discusses from which old languages newer languages came, is studied in the context of the Mohylian doctrine of signs, especially the question whether words are “natural” or “conventional” signs. The author provides a classification of the eleven courses under study and examines the textual differences between them. He also investigates the origin of the note, the ways in which it came to the Mohylians, and, most importantly, how Mohylian philosophical courses influenced each other. Finally, the author discusses the role of “lingua Ruthenica” and its place in the classification of languages developed by the professors of the Kyiv-Mohyla academy.
Maintenance of Remission and Risk of Relapse in Myeloperoxidase-Positive ANCA-Associated Vasculitis with Kidney Involvement
Authors: Casal Moura Marta , Specks Ulrich , Tehranian Shahrzad , Sethi Sanjeev , Zubidat Dalia , Nardelli Luca , dos Santos Fernanda G. , Sousa Ciria , León-Róman Juan , Bobart Shane A. , Greene Eddie , Zand Ladan , Fervenza Fernando C. 
Published: December 2022

Background
The optimal strategy for remission-maintenance therapy in patients with myeloperoxidase-ANCA (MPO-ANCA)–associated vasculitis is not established. Defining parameters to guide maintenance therapy is required.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of all patients with MPO-ANCA–associated vasculitis (microscopic with polyangiitis and granulomatosis with polyangiitis) and GN followed at the Mayo Clinic between 1996 and 2015. Relapse rate, MPO-ANCA status, and remission-maintenance therapies were reviewed. Logistic regression models, Kaplan–Meier method, and Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied.

Results
We analyzed 159 patients with active MPO-ANCA–associated vasculitis with GN. Sixty-six (42%) patients had at least one relapse, and 52 (33%) relapsed before 60 months. Patients with MPO-ANCA who became persistently negative did not relapse (hazard ratio [HR], 0.03; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.002 to 0.431; P=0.01). The reappearance of MPO-ANCA was associated with a higher risk of relapse (HR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.109 to 3.293; P=0.02). Immunosuppression was withdrawn in 80 (50%) patients, and this was less likely in those who received cyclophosphamide for remission induction or in patients with persistently positive MPO-ANCA (odds ratio [OR], 0.44; 95% CI, 0.228 to 0.861; P=0.02 and OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.213 to 0.820; P=0.01, respectively). Relapse frequency was not different between patients with persistently positive MPO-ANCA and patients with MPO-ANCA reappearance (44% versus 39%, P=0.49), irrespective of remission-maintenance treatment. Ear, nose, and throat involvement (OR, 6.10; 95% CI, 1.280 to 29.010; P=0.02) and MPO-ANCA reappearance (OR, 9.25; 95% CI, 3.126 to 27.361; P<0.001) were independently associated with relapse after treatment withdrawal.

Conclusions
Patients persistently MPO-ANCA negative are at low risk for relapse even without remission-maintenance therapy. Persistence or subsequent reappearance of MPO-ANCA is associated with a higher risk of relapse.

Podcast
This article contains a podcast at https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/www.asn-online.org/media/podcast.aspx?p=CJASN&e=2023_01_10_CJN06460622.mp3
«Прежде по Вашей милости я жил спокойно. Как быть? Рассудите, Ваше Светлейшество». Начало внутриполитического кризиса в Калмыцком ханстве в 1723 г.
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., Elista 358000, Russian Federation), Tepkeev Vladimir T. 
Published: December 2022

Introduction. The article publishes one of the last letters submitted by Khan Ayuka of the Kalmyks to the Russian Emperor Peter the Great. Goals. The work aims at introducing newly discovered correspondence dealing with Russian-Kalmyk relations in the first quarter of the 18th century. Materials. The document analyzed is contained in Collection 119 (‘Kalmyk Affairs’) of Imperial Russia’s Foreign Policy Archive that houses quite a number of written sources in Kalmyk history. The never-published document is the first Kalmyk letter from the mentioned archive to be made available to the public. Results. The paper provides a brief historical review of the events described in Khan Ayuka’s letter. The most precious document sheds light on multiple circumstances to have preceded the outburst of the internal Kalmyk conflict in 1723. Conclusions. The examined 1724 letter is an invaluable source in the history of Kalmyk Khanate that shall essentially add to further understanding of 18th-century Russian-Kalmyk relations. So, the text clarifies Khan Ayuka’s stance on the emerging internal crisis. Having been one of those who wrecked the negotiation process between Chakdorjab’s sons, Ayuka turns to the Russian Emperor for assistance in his letter. The domestic conflict not only significantly weakened his positions as Khan but also resulted in external threats to Kalmyk Khanate at large.
Типология поливной керамики Билярского городища
Authors:   Institute of the Problems of Northern Development, Tyumen Scientific Centre, Siberian Branch of the RAS (86, Malygin St., 625026 Tyumen, Russian Federation), Utiagulova Rimma R. 
Published: December 2022

Introduction. The paper discusses glazed pottery of the pre-Mongol era discovered within excavation section 44 of Bilär hillfort between 2015 and 2018. Earliest explorations of the archaeological site date back to the beginning of the 18th century but the first archaeological survey proper — that included a few shovel test pits — was conducted by A. Bashkirov in 1929. However, it was only in 1967 that A. Khalikov as head of the Bilär Archaeological Expedition arranged systematic investigation of the site. Studies of glazed ceramics from the pre-Mongol era became a priority area but its classification was never developed. Goals. So, the work attempts a description and systematization of the unique archaeological materials. Materials and methods. The work analyzes glazed pottery items discovered within excavation section 44 at the site of Bilär. The research methods employed for systematization are as follows: visual/descriptive, statistical, technological ones, those of comparative analysis and analogies. Results. The extensive glazed pottery collection examined attests to Volga Bulgaria had developed widest trade relations in the pre-Mongol period. The key directions included the Near and Middle East, Asia Minor, Rus, Byzantium, and the historical region of Shirvan (group of imports). Conclusions. The article yields a classification of glazed pottery items (both locally produced and imported ones), determines main trade directions and chronological frames for the latter to have arrived in the site. Insights into proportions between groups of imported ceramics and quantitative analysis make it possible to outline three chronological stages that essentially correspond to the heyday, apogee and decline of trade relations.
Chilean Trans Men: Healthcare Needs and Experiences at the Public Health System
Authors: Gonzalez Samantha , Bernales Margarita 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Research shows high rates of discrimination against the transgender population in healthcare centers, which has negative consequences for their quality of life. There are few studies in this area that focus upon the experiences of trans men, although, they tend to experience higher levels of violence and stigmatization in healthcare settings. Method: We explored the perceptions of 14 Chilean trans men regarding discrimination in healthcare centers from an ethnographic approach, with the aim of analyzing their experiences in these facilities, and identifying their needs in relation to healthcare. Results: The majority of trans men perceived health centers as a source of discrimination. The most important expressions of discrimination involve questioning their gender identity, and disregarding their social names and pronouns. In view of this, interviewees placed fear of discrimination as the main factor preventing them from being attended at healthcare centers. On the other hand, having access to health workers who are trained in providing care to the transgender population, being provided with information, and the possibility of receiving psychosocial support are the main factors promoting their attendance at these facilities. Discussion: The study has implications both for health professionals and public policies focused on the transmasculine community. Recommendations are made for professionals and administrative staff to provide respectful and sympathetic care in order to generate spaces free of discrimination that encourage attendance at healthcare centers, improving the welfare of trans men.