bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deradicalization in Central Asia: A Critical Appraisal
Authors: Summar Iqbal Babar  , Filza Ahmed Rizvi  
Published: June 2022

The Central Asian region is currently facing a grave challenge of repatriation of IS-fighters which has posed a serious threat to its socio-economic and political structures. The repatriates also include women and children who may need to be assessed to determine whether they have been radicalized. As a response to these returnees, Central Asian States have structured a CVE which focuses on changing the narrative through religious education, rehabilitation, reintegration, and promoting civil society. This study investigates CVE measures in Central Asia to prevent recruitment to terrorist organizations, reduce the number of fighters from this region and further contain the threat of radicalization caused by the influx of repatriates returning from Syria and Iraq. This study is divided into three parts. The first part outlines the threats posed by the return of foreign fighters; the second part explains the various theoretical models to understand process of radicalization and practices for deradicalization and the last part evaluates different CVE measures in Central Asia to eradicate further radicalization and extremism.
Analysis of Student's Error Concept in Solving Questions on The Rank Material
Authors: Banamtuan Julinsen D , Gella Netty J M , Babys Urni 
Published: June 2022

This study is aimed to describe the students' errors in the concept of resolving the question about rank material with descriptive qualitative method. The subject of this study was 21 students at SMA Kisten Kapan in X MIPA A on the academic year 2020/2021. The instruments were test questions, interview sheets, and documentation. The data analysis result showed that concept errors were conducted by students on the rank material such as a). Students were not able to understand the symbol and place value; b). Students were erroneous in solving process; c). Misinterpreting the idea in writing systematically; d). Students Made the error mathematical model and formulate problems' strategies. The most dominant concept error Made by students was that students were not able to understand the symbol and place values because they were less careful in working on the questions. The teachers' role in overcoming these problems was to provide various activities in learning mathematics and provide varied practice questions that students learned independently.
Effect Of Leg Vest And Rubber Load Training On The Sickle Kick Ability Of Psht Pencak Silat Athletes Of Samarinda City
Authors: Didik Cahyono  , Muhammad Abdurrochim  
Published: June 2022

This study was submitted to obtain information about the influence of the use of foot and rubber on the ability of sickle kicks in PSHT martial arts athletes. The type of research used is field experiment research, simple in this study using psht Samarinda martial arts athletes as many as 40 people of the male sex, Based on the results of the research price t calculate for the influence of foot training on the improvement of kicking ability. sickle = -17.22, while for t calculate the effect of rubber weight training = -15.41, and for t calculate between the influence of foot load training and rubber load is, 3.14 there is a significant relationship between variables in the test, then In this study, there were 3 results, namely: there is an influence of foot weight training on the ability of sickle kicks in PSHT athletes, there is an influence of rubber weight training on the sickle kick ability of PSHT athletes, and there are differences in the influence of foot weight training and rubber weight training, and foot weight training is better than rubber weight training on the sickle kick ability of PSHT athletes Samarinda.
Analysis Of Mathematics Student Error To Solve Problems Of Linear Programs
Authors: Zulhendri  , Ahmad Fauzan  , Made Arnawa  , Edwin Musdi  , Yerizon  
Published: June 2022

The goal of this research is to describe the analysis of mathematics students error to solve problem of linear programs. This research belongs to the type of qualitative research with using a descriptive approach. The data collection technique is done by giving tests in the form of linear program story questions and interviews. This study used in fifth semester of the students of mathematics of Pahlawan University. The results showed that the types of conceptual errors are: a) making graphic error solution, b) error in using the concept of a variable that will be used, c) identify what is asked and d) choosing error symbol. Procedural errors are: a) error in choosing the strategy to be used in problem solving, b) error in apply strategy to solve the problem, and c) error in viewing return what is the solution obtained is in accordance with what known and asked. Causative factor students make mistakes in solving program problems linear: a) Students are not accustomed to solving story problems so that students have difficulty transform into a mathematical model b) Students do not understand the concept of symbols inequalities c) Students are less proficient at making graphs including determining the area completion d) Students do not understand the concept of extreme points e) Students are less thorough in performing calculation operations
THE ABILITY TO WRITE A SUMMARY OF READING STUDENTS OF CLASS X-2 SMA NEGERI 1 TELUKDALAM KABUPATEN NIAS SELATAN
Authors: Gaurifa Agusnimar 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
The data collection tool used was a written test, namely making a summary of the story of the legend of Malin Kundang, with assessment criteria, namely point 2 length of the summary, main idea, explanatory idea, use of words and sentences according to the contents of the summary with the reading. before the indicator is determined as a means of collecting research data, it is first validated by the three Indonesian language study teachers in a triangulation manner until it is declared fit for use. After the legend manuscript was administered to the respondent, it was processed statistically; with the results as the interval 71-85. Second, from the results of observations of the level of ability obtained information: 1) a description of student learning outcomes in learning obtained data, namely: students who have a high level of ability are 16 people or 40.504%, students who have a moderate level of ability are 9 people or 24.32%, students who have a low level of ability are 13 people or 34.14%. 2) a description of student learning outcomes for each item of question is obtained: for item 1 (ability level 36 people, and medium ability level 1 person), for item 2 (high ability level 22 people, medium ability level 7 people, low ability level 8 people ), for icon 3 (high ability level 24 people, medium ability level 5 people, low ability level 8 people), for item 4 (high ability level 25 people, medium ability level 6 people, medium ability level 7 people, low ability level 28 people) based on the description above, it can be concluded that the students' ability to write a narrative paragraph framework is classified as moderate. This statement is stated as moderate because of the variation in the abilities of students where there are good performers and some are low. So that to determine it, take the middle way, namely moderate.
THE EFFORTS TO IMPROVE STUDENTS'ABILITY TO WRITE EXPOSITION TEXT WITH DISCOVERY LEARNING METHOD BY CLASS X (TENTH) STUDENTS OF SMA NEGERI 1 HILIMEGAI
Authors: Ndruru Noverianus Siduhu 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
This study aims to improve the exposition writing skills of class X SMA Negeri 1 Hilimegai by using discovery learning method. The use of this learning model is expected to make it easier for students to understand the material and be able to write exposition text so that students' abilities increase. Through discovery learning model, improvement can be seen both in process and product. This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Hilimegai. The research subjects were 23 teachers and students of class X SMA Negeri 1 Hilimegai. The implementation of this research is divided into two cycles, each cycle carried out in two meetings. Research data obtained through. The data collection methods used in this research are the observation method, the test method, and the questionnaire method. And also in the form of student assignments and photo documentation during learning. The data analysis technique was carried out by using a qualitative descriptive technique. The product success criteria in this study can be seen from the change in value that is better in each cycle. The success of this research is seen from two criteria, namely the success of the process and the product. The research results obtained are as follows. First, the use of discovery learning models can improve the quality of learning exposition writing in students. This is shown in the improvement of the process in the aspect of learning situations, students are more focused on learning, students are also more active in groups, and learning exposition writing becomes more enjoyable. Second, the use of discovery learning models can improve the results of exposition writing skills. This can be seen in the increase in the results obtained by students from cycle I and cycle II. Overall, at the end of cycle II, all aspects and criteria for exposition writing had increased significantly. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the use of the discovery learning model was successful and was able to improve the exposition writing skills of class X SMA Negeri 1 Hilimegai.
Parametric Modelling in Furniture Design A Case Study: Two Door Wardrope
Authors: Özgel Felek Seval 
Published: June 2022

In the process of designing and modeling industrial products, computer technologies are used intensively in the furniture sector, as in every sector. In the past traditionally produced furniture, today enables many different stages to be handled at the same time, through the calculation of variable parameters enabled by computer aided design Thus, designers can make all kinds of changes on their design in a short time. In this paper a parametric approach for rapid assembly design is presented. Rhinoceros software and Grasshopper plugin used for the parameterization process of components and Microsoft Excel used for implementation design. Furniture manufacturers, who will use the parametric design approach, will be able to respond quickly to the changing demands of their customers and will stand out among their competitors.
As a case study, the author has chosen the wardrobe type furniture with several shelves, hanger section, drawer/s has two doors.
Passive Inter-modulation Sources and Cancellation Methods
Authors: Karaca Hakan Murat 
Published: June 2022

When two or more signals of different frequencies pass through a nonlinear system, intermodulation distortion (IMD) occurs, resulting in the formation of spurious distortion signals. IMD is most commonly found in active circuits of a radio system, but it can also be found in passive wireless components such as lters, transmission lines, connectors, antennas, attenuators, and so on, especially when transmit power is quite high. Passive intermodulation (PIM) distortion is the name given to the IMD in the latter scenario. With the evolution of radio systems and the scarcity of radio spectrum, PIM interference is being recognized as a potential stumbling block to a radio network's maximum capacity.
This article classifies the PIM sources in BS radio systems into two categories, internal and external sources. Internal sources are the radio's passive components such transmission lines, connections, antennas, and so on. External sources, on the other hand, are passive items that are located outside of the BS antenna but inside the RF signal path, such as metallic and rusted objects in the antenna near eld. The high power current flowing through such passive devices can cause nonlinear behavior, resulting in IMD for both types of sources. Also, a review of PIM mitigation techniques is presented in the article.
Carcinoma of the uterine cervix associated with schistosomiasis and induced by human papillomaviruses
Authors: Moubayed P. , Ziehe A. , Peters J. , Mwakyoma H. , Schmidt D. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjectives: To determine the presence of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) in cervical cancer among patients in Tanzania and to ascertain their prevalence in cases associated with schistosomiasis. Methods: In situ hybridization was applied to 31 carcinomas of the uterine cervix including 10 in which schistosomiasis co‐occurred. Twenty‐six cases in this series also exhibited koilocytic dysplasia. Results: Twenty‐six out of 31 cases revealed a specific hybridization for HPVs with varying density and distribution. A slightly higher labeling of HPV −16 than −18 was demonstrated. All schistosomiasis‐associated cancers encoded the papillomaviruses. The 31 patients were predominantly young adults, a fact that reflects sexual activity at a very young age in the ethnic communities of Africa. Conclusion: These findings shed new light on the presumed etiologic implication of schistosomiasis in the genesis of cervical cancer. In the absence of HPV, schistosomiasis is not the oncogenic causative agent for carcinoma of the uterine cervix.
Placenta previa and previous cesarean section
Authors: To W.W.K. , Leung W.C. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: To assess the relationship between previous cesarean section and subsequent development of placenta previa and placenta previa with accreta. Method: The records of all patients delivered with the diagnosis of placenta previa during the 10‐year period from 1984 to 1993 were reviewed. Results: From a total of 50 485 deliveries, 421 (0.83%) had placenta previa, 43 (10.2%) of whom had a history of previous cesarean section. The incidence of placenta previa was significantly increased in those with a previous cesarean section (1.31%) compared with those with an unscarred uterus (0.75%) (R.R. 1.64). This risk increased as the number of previous cesarean sections increased (R.R. 1.53 for one previous section, 2.63 for two or more). The incidence of an anterior placenta previa and placenta accreta was significantly increased in those with previous cesarean scars. The incidence of placenta accreta was 1.18% among patients with placenta previa, 80% being in patients with previous cesarean section. The relative risk for placenta accreta in patients with placenta previa was 35 times higher in those with a previous cesarean section than in those with an unscarred uterus. Conclusion: The association of previous cesarean section with placenta previa and placenta previa accreta is confirmed. Patients with an antepartum diagnosis of placenta previa who have had a previous cesarean section should be considered at high risk for developing placenta accreta.
Application of Antibody and Fluorophore‐Derivatized Liposomes to Heterogeneous Immunoassays for D‐dimer
Authors: Singh Anup K. , Kilpatrick Peter K. , Carbonell Ruben G. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractSmall unilamellar liposomes comprised of cholesterol and phospholipids, in which one of the lipids is labeled with a fluorophore, have been covalently functionalized with antibodies. The liposomes were conjugated with thousands of fluorescein molecules and 10−20 monoclonal antibodies per liposome. These bifunctional liposomes were used in a direct (sandwich‐type) immunoassay for the detection of thromboembolic disorders by assaying for d‐dimer. D‐dimer is the final and the smallest proteolytic product in the degradation of cross‐linked fibrin by the plasma protein plasmin. The immunoassay using liposomes was compared to a conventional immunoassay that uses a fluor−antibody conjugate. The liposomes, by virtue of having thousands of fluorophores coupled to one liposome in contrast to one or a few reporter molecules in the conventional fluor−antibody conjugate, performed better on two counts: (1) they lowered the detection limit by a factor of 120 and (2) they provided a 1 order of magnitude amplification in signal. The minimum detectable concentration (MDC) of d‐dimer was 5.6 ng/mL with the liposomal assay as compared to an MDC of 674 ng/mL with conventional fluor−antibody conjugate. The results of fluorescence assays were also compared with the results obtained by Singh et al. (Biotechnol. Prog. 1995, 11, 333–341) in an enzyme immunoassay developed using liposomes. These results demonstrate the potential of liposomes in lowering detection limits and increasing the sensitivity of immunoassays.
Patients' understanding of risk and benefit associated with carotid endarterectomy
Authors: Lloyd A J , Hayes P D , Naylor A R , Bell P R F 
Published: July 2002

Abstract

Background
Recent well publicized cases have highlighted problems regarding a patient's perception of risk and the provision of informed consent which currently forms the medicolegal and ethical basis of modern healthcare practice. This study was designed to determine whether patients understood the risks of stroke associated with carotid endarterectomy (CEA).

Methods
All patients were counselled by the surgeon before going on the waiting list. Patients were informed that the risk of stroke due to surgery was 2·5 per cent and that 3 years after CEA a further 5 per cent of patients will also have suffered a stroke. This compares with a 20–30 per cent risk of stroke at 3 years in patients treated medically. Some 71 patients on the waiting list for CEA were surveyed regarding their understanding of the risk and benefit to health of undergoing CEA.

Results
Patients' estimates of stroke risk due to surgery ranged from 0 to 65 per cent (actual risk 2 per cent). Patients also dramatically overestimated their risk of stroke without the operation (mean 57 per cent). In addition to preventing stroke, most patients also believed that CEA would improve angina, poor memory or shortness of breath. When resurveyed the day before the operation patients' perception of risk associated with surgery had increased threefold (P &lt; 0·01).

Conclusion
Most patients failed to understand the risks and benefits associated with CEA. Despite best efforts, the current doctor–patient relationship still fails to furnish patients with the skills and knowledge needed for healthcare decision making. Patients' recall of statistical data is extremely limited even in the short term.
A comparison of proxy measures of abdominal obesity in Chinese, European and South Asian adults
Authors: Patel S. , Unwin N. , Bhopal R. , White M. , Harland J. , Ayis S. A. M. , Watson W. , Alberti K. G. M. M. 
Published: July 2002

Summary Aims To assess whether four proxy measures of abdominal obesity (waist circumference; waist‐to‐hip ratio (WHR); waist‐to‐height ratio and C index, a measure of body shape) were uniformly associated with features of the metabolic syndrome (triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, 2‐h glucose) in three ethnic groups. Methods Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected in 629 Europeans (320 men, 309 women), 380 Chinese (183 men, 197 women) and 597 South Asians (275 men, 322 women) aged 25–64 years in Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. Linear regression models were used to determine whether relationships differed between ethnic groups. Results Linear regression analysis showed that most proxy measures of abdominal obesity were associated with features of the metabolic syndrome. There were significant interactions between WHR and ethnicity and C index and ethnicity in the relationship with log triglycerides when comparing European and Chinese women. Interactions existed between all proxy measures and ethnicity in the relationship with log triglycerides and HDL cholesterol when comparing European and South Asian women. In men, interactions between ethnicity and waist circumference, WHR and C index when comparing Europeans and South Asians, and between ethnicity and WHR and C index when comparing South Asian and Chinese for log 2‐h glucose were significant (P < 0.001). All interactions remained significant when differences in smoking, alcohol and physical activity were taken into account. Conclusions Not all the proxy measures of abdominal obesity were consistently related to features of the metabolic syndrome across the ethnic groups studied. However, waist circumference and waist to height ratio were the most consistent and WHR the least when comparing across the ethnic groups.
Reverse end‐diastolic umbilical artery blood flow at 11 weeks' gestation
Authors: Montenegro N. , Beires J. , Pereira Leite L. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThis report describes a case of reverse end‐diastolic blood flow in the umbilical artery of one of the fetuses of a twin pregnancy at 11 weeks' gestation. Cytogenetic studies after amniocentesis performed at 12 weeks revealed a 45, X karyotype of this twin whose death was registered 1 week later. Spontaneous delivery of the co‐twin occurred at 37 weeks; the newborn was healthy and normal.This is the earliest record of reverse diastolic flow in the umbilical artery. Even in the first trimester of pregnancy this is an ominous sign and fatal demise is expected. Copyright © 1995 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Restoration of Wet Dune Slacks on the Dutch Wadden Sea Islands: Recolonization After Large‐Scale Sod Cutting
Authors: Grootjans Ab P. , Everts Henk , Bruin Kees , Fresco Latzi 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe effects of sod cutting were studied in a dune area on the Dutch Wadden Sea Island of Texel. Sod cutting was carried out in a range of different dune slacks in order to restore dune slack vegetation with many endangered Red List species. Sod cutting removed approximately 96% of the soil seed bank. Species abundant in the seed bank, notably Juncacea, also had a high frequency in the vegetation that established during the first year after the restoration measures. Many other species not registered in the seed bank or in the former vegetation also appeared. Species richness in the monitored plots exceeded that of uncut reference plots after a few years. Colonization rates were higher than extinction rates in most plots, indicating that a stable state has not been reached after 5 years. Differences in species richness between slacks appeared to be related to the occurrence of source areas nearby and availability of dispersal agents, such as flooding and animals.
Strongly bound metastable states of B2+2
Authors: Bruna Pablo J. , Wright James S. 
Published: July 2002

The stabilities of about 25 electronic states of B2+2 have been investigated using a multireference CI (MRD-CI) method and an AO basis set composed of 6s4p2d contracted Gaussian species per atom, including semidiffuse functions relevant for an adequate description of charge transfer interactions. The ground state X1∑+g (σ2gσ2u) is repulsive, as expected by its electronic configuration with a zero bond order. In spite of this and the doubly-positive charge, many excited states are found to be metastable, four of them (11∏g, 11∏u, 13∑−g, and 11Δg ) having potential wells from 1.52 eV (11∏u) to 2.83 eV (13∑−g). Relative to the ground state configuration, the metastable states arise from the excitations σu→σg(3∑+u), σu→πu(3,1∏g), σ2u→σgπu(3,1∏u), and σ2u→π2u(3∑−g, 1Δg, 1∑+g); they are analogous to those states showing deep local minima in B2 and B+2.
Differences in stabilities among quasibound states can be explained on the basis of the asymptotic ΔE’s between repulsive channels B++B+ and appropriate higher-lying limits (states) B+B2+ of bonding character; another important factor governing stability is the actual bonding character of the electronic configurations assigned to each state. The vertical double-ionization potential B2→B2+2(π2u→∞) between both ground states is 27.97 eV, the repulsive X1∑+g dication state being created with 8.37 eV excess energy relative to B++B+. Doubly-ionized states with a chance of being detected because of their long lifetimes against predissociation are those showing a strongly quasibound character, such as (with the vertical double ionization potential in eV given in parentheses): 11∏g(σuπu→∞; 30.29); 11∏u(σ2uπu→σg∞; 31.30); 13∑−g(σ2u→∞; 31.33), and 11Δg(σ2u→∞; 31.95).