bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Congenital cardiac masses: a case report
Authors: Alsabri Mohammed , Gonzalez Alejandro , Sircy Aaron , Policherla Sai Sarada , Mascoll-Robertson Kemi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Cardiac tumors in infants and children are rare. The most common cardiac tumor is rhabdomyoma, which may be associated with tuberous sclerosis. However, not all cardiac rhabdomyomas are pathognomonic for tuberous sclerosis, and not all congenital cardiac tumors are rhabdomyomas. During the prenatal period, early cardiac tumor detection provides important information about fetal wellbeing, delivery planning, and necessary postnatal care.

Case presentation
We report a 36-year-old African American pregnant women. At 32 weeks 5 days gestational age, the male fetus had a fetal echocardiogram due to fetal arrhythmia. The fetal echocardiogram showed two small echogenic, RV apex and septal masses, suspicious of rhabdomyomas. After a routine pregnancy and a normal spontaneous vaginal delivery (39 weeks 1 day), the male baby was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit for further monitoring and postnatal evaluation.

Conclusions
Rhabdomyomas are extremely rare and unique tumors. These tumors are very dangerous, but they usually regress after birth. During the prenatal period, early cardiac tumor detection provides important information about fetal wellbeing, delivery planning, and necessary postnatal care. We present this case to share our findings with our pediatric colleagues. Although a rarely reported case, we hope this cardiac rhabdomyoma case report and literature review can increase cardiac tumor awareness.
An LBL positioning algorithm based on an EMD–ML hybrid method
Authors: Yang Huibao , Gao Xiujing , Huang Hongwu , Li Banshuai , Xiao Bo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAutonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are essential assets for ocean exploration requiring reliable underwater positioning technology. Aiming to improve the latter technology in a low SNR and reverberation environment, the Chan–Taylor hybrid positioning algorithm establishes a long-baseline system (LBL) based on the time difference of arrival (TDOA) by reducing the number of sensors required while preserving the positioning accuracy. However, the traditional LBL algorithm’s accuracy is reduced due to the critical time delay estimation under such environmental conditions. Hence, this paper suggests a new LBL positioning technology relying on an empirical mode decomposition (EMD) to construct a filter function combined with the maximum likelihood (ML) estimation method. MATLAB/Simulink is applied to establish the simulation environment of LBL localization system, simulating the AUV motion under 5–30 dB SNR. This paper analyzes the accuracy of TDOA by generalizing the cross-correlation method (GCC), phase transform (PHAT), ML, and EMD–ML. Based on the TDOA value obtained by the EMD–ML filtering algorithm, the positioning errors of the Chan–Taylor hybrid positioning algorithm and the Chan algorithm are compared. The results show that comparative synthetic evaluations against the traditional GCC demonstrate that the proposed method has a higher time delay estimation accuracy within a reverberation environment with SNR less than 15 dB. The Chan–Taylor hybrid positioning algorithm limits the errors of the CHAN algorithm and improves the overall positioning system accuracy.
Provision of safe patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic despite shared patient rooms in a tertiary hospital
Authors: Füszl Astrid , Bouvier-Azula Lukas , Van den Nest Miriam , Ebner Julia , Strassl Robert , Gabler Cornelia , Diab-Elschahawi Magda , Presterl Elisabeth 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in the disruption of healthcare systems. Vienna General Hospital (VGH), a tertiary hospital located in Austria, ran at almost full capacity despite high levels of community SARS-CoV-2 transmission and limited isolation room capacity. To ensure safe patient care, a bundle of infection prevention and control (IPC) measures including universal pre-admission screening and serial SARS-CoV-2 testing during hospitalization was implemented. We evaluated whether testing as part of our IPC approach was effective in preventing hospital outbreaks during different stages of the pandemic.

Methods
In this retrospective single center study, we analyzed the SARS-CoV-2 PCR test results of cases admitted to VGH between a low (15/05/2020–01/08/2020) and a high incidence period (15/09/2020–18/05/2021). Outcomes were the diagnostic yield of (a) admission screening, (b) the yield of serial testing during hospitalization and (c) the occurrence of healthcare-associated COVID-19 (HA-COVID-19) and SARS-CoV-2 related hospital outbreaks.

Results
The admission test positivity rate was 0.2% during the low and 2.3% during the high incidence phase. Regarding test conversions, 0.04% (low incidence phase) and 0.5% (high incidence phase) of initially negative cases converted to a positive test result within 7 days after admission The HA-COVID-19 incidence rate per 100,000 patient days was 1.0 (low incidence phase) and 10.7 (high incidence phase). One COVID-19 outbreak affecting eight patients in total could be potentially ascribed to the non-compliance with our IPC protocol.

Conclusion
Testing in conjunction with other IPC measures enabled the safe provision of patient care at a hospital with predominantly shared patient rooms despite high case numbers in the community.
TCDD exposure alters fecal IgA concentrations in male and female mice
Authors: Foxx Christine L. , Nagy Madeline R. , King Aspen E. , Albin Dreycey , DeKrey Gregory K. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundActivation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) can alter diurnal rhythms including those for innate lymphoid cell numbers, cytokine and hormone levels, and feeding behaviors. Because immune responses and antibody levels are modulated by exposure to AhR agonists, we hypothesized that some of the variation previously reported for the effects of AhR activation on fecal secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) levels could be explained by dysregulation of the diurnal sIgA rhythm.MethodsC57Bl/6 J mice were exposed to peanut oil or 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD, 10 or 40 μg/Kg) and fecal sIgA levels were determined in samples collected every 4 h over 4 days.ResultsFecal sIgA concentrations were not significantly different between light and dark phases of the photoperiod in either male or female mice, and there were no significant circadian rhythms observed, but TCDD exposure significantly altered both fecal mesor sIgA and serum IgA concentrations, in parallel, in male (increased) and female (biphasic) mice.ConclusionsAhR activation can contribute to the regulation of steady state IgA/sIgA concentrations.
Expanded graph embedding for joint network alignment and link prediction
Authors: Alnaimy MHD Samy , Desouki Mohammad Said 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLink prediction in social networks has been an active field of study in recent years fueled by the rapid growth of many social networks. Many link prediction methods are harmed by users’ intention of avoiding being traced across networks. They may provide inaccurate information or overlook a great deal of information in multiple networks. This problem was overcome by developing methods for predicting links in a network based on known links in another network. Node alignment between the two networks significantly improves the efficiency of those methods. This research proposes a new embedding method to improve link prediction and node alignment results. The proposed embedding method is based on the Expanded Graph, which is our new novel network that has edges from both networks in addition to edges across the networks. Matrix factorization on the Finite Step Transition and Laplacian similarity matrices of the Expanded Graph has been used to obtain the embeddings for the nodes. Using the proposed embedding techniques, we jointly run network alignment and link prediction tasks iteratively to let them optimize each other’s results. We performed extensive experiments on many datasets to examine the proposed method. We achieved significant improvements in link prediction precision, which was 50% better than the peer’s method, and in recall, which was 500% better in some datasets. We also scale down the processing time of the solution to be more applicable to big social networks. We conclude that computed embedding in this type of problem is more suitable than learning the embedding since it shortens the processing time and gives better results.
Optimization of levetiracetam dosing regimen in critically ill patients with augmented renal clearance: a Monte Carlo simulation study
Authors: Bilbao-Meseguer Idoia , Barrasa Helena , Rodríguez-Gascón Alicia , Asín-Prieto Eduardo , Maynar Javier , Sánchez-Izquierdo José Ángel , Solinís María Ángeles , Isla Arantxazu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Levetiracetam pharmacokinetics is extensively altered in critically ill patients with augmented renal clearance (ARC). Consequently, the dosage regimens commonly used in clinical practice may not be sufficient to achieve target plasma concentrations. The aim of this study is to propose alternative dosage regimens able to achieve target concentrations in this population. Furthermore, the feasibility of the proposed dosing regimens will be discussed from a clinical point of view.

Methods
Different dosage regimens for levetiracetam were evaluated in critically ill patients with ARC. Monte Carlo simulations were conducted with extended or continuous infusions and/or high drug doses using a previously developed population pharmacokinetic model. To assess the clinical feasibility of the proposed dosages, we carried out a literature search to evaluate the information on toxicity and efficacy of continuous administration or high doses, as well as the post-dilution stability of levetiracetam.

Results
According to the simulations, target concentrations in patients with CrCl of 160 or 200 mL/min can be achieved with the 3000 mg daily dose by prolonging the infusion time of levetiracetam. For patients with CrCl of 240 mL/min, it would be necessary to administer doses higher than the maximum recommended. Available evidence suggests that levetiracetam administration in continuous infusion or at higher doses than those approved seems to be safe. It would be desirable to re-examinate the current recommendations about drug stability and to achieve a consensus in this issue.

Conclusions
Conventional dosage regimens of levetiracetam (500–1500 mg twice daily in a short infusion) do not allow obtaining drug plasma concentrations among the defined target in critically ill patients with ARC. Therefore, new dosing guidelines with specific recommendations for patients in this subpopulation are needed. This study proposes new dosages for levetiracetam, including extended (4 or 6 h) infusions, continuous infusions or the administration of doses higher than the recommended in the summary of product characteristics (> 3000 mg). These new dosage recommendations take into account biopharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic aspects and meet feasibility criteria, which allow them to be transferred to the clinical environment with safety and efficacy. Nevertheless, further clinical studies are needed to confirm these results.
Living donor liver transplantation for idiopathic portal hypertension with focal nodular hyperplasia
Authors: Tanji Yoshiaki , Furukawa Kenei , Igarashi Yosuke , Yanagaki Mitsuru , Haruki Koichiro , Shirai Yoshihiro , Taniai Tomohiko , Gocho Takeshi , Okui Norimitsu , Ikegami Toru 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe patient was a 61-year-old woman with a history of diabetes mellitus who had undergone ileocecal resection for ascending colon carcinoma 5 years earlier, followed by a postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with XELOX (capecitabine + oxaliplatin). During follow-up, the liver gradually atrophied, and radiological imaging showed suspicious findings of 20 × 14 mm hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the right lobe of the liver. The patient also underwent endoscopic variceal ligation for the esophageal varices. She was referred to our hospital for living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) due to decompensated liver cirrhosis with HCC. The patient did not have hepatitis B or C, and history of alcohol, suggesting that her liver cirrhosis was caused by a non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. The Child–Pugh score was 10 points (class C) and the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score was 8 points. The possibility of HCC could not be ruled out, and LDLT was performed. Postoperative pathological examination revealed idiopathic portal hypertension (IPH), and the mass lesion was diagnosed as focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH). The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged on postoperative day 14. This is the first case of liver transplantation for IPH with FNH.
Feasibility of randomizing Danish citizens aged 65–79 years to high-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine vs. standard-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine in a pragmatic registry-based setting: rationale and design of the DANFLU-1 Trial
Authors: Johansen Niklas Dyrby , Modin Daniel , Nealon Joshua , Samson Sandrine , Salamand Camille , Larsen Carsten Schade , Claggett Brian L. , Solomon Scott D. , Landray Martin J. , Gislason Gunnar H. , Køber Lars , Jensen Jens Ulrik Stæhr , Sivapalan Pradeesh , Vestergaard Lasse Skafte , Valentiner-Branth Palle , Krause Tyra Grove , Biering-Sørensen Tor 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
High-dose influenza vaccines provide better protection against influenza infection than standard-dose in persons aged 65 years and above; however, in most countries, high-dose vaccines are not widely implemented. Assessing the relative effectiveness of high-dose compared to standard-dose vaccines on hospitalizations and mortality would enable more robust public health and cost-effectiveness estimates. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of conducting a pragmatic randomized clinical trial in Denmark comparing high-dose to standard-dose vaccines utilizing existing vaccination infrastructure and the Danish nationwide health registries for data collection.

Methods
The DANFLU-1 trial (NCT05048589) is a pragmatic, open-label, active-controlled randomized trial randomizing Danish citizens aged 65–79 years to either high-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine or standard-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine. The study utilizes the infrastructure of a private vaccination provider (Danske Lægers Vaccinations Service) for recruitment, inclusion, randomization, and vaccination. All collection of baseline and follow-up data including safety monitoring is performed centrally by the Department of Cardiology at Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark using the Danish nationwide health registries. The study aims to include 40,000 participants during the 2021/2022 influenza season. The primary endpoints address feasibility and include the number of participants enrolled, randomization balance, and representativeness compared to the Danish general population. Relative vaccine effectiveness will also be assessed, however, this feasibility study is not powered for clinical outcomes and may be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Discussion
The DANFLU-1 study is investigating the feasibility of conducting a large-scale pragmatic clinical trial in Denmark utilizing existing infrastructure and the Danish nationwide registries. This will provide valuable insight, especially for potential future fully powered vaccine trials, but also for trials wishing to investigate other interventions.

Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT05048589, registered September 17, 2021.
Mitigating the increased risk of domestic abuse among people with mental illness: challenges and opportunities of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Wilson Claire A. 
Published: April 2022

SUMMARYThe rise in domestic violence and abuse has been dubbed a ‘pandemic within a pandemic’. Individuals known to mental health services are particularly vulnerable. Yet despite challenges to mitigating domestic violence and abuse in this group, the COVID-19 pandemic has provided opportunities to develop new interventions to support those affected.
Cities in Flux
Authors: Dawson Ashley , Varma Rashmi , Perks Samuel , Sinha Chinki , Varghese Mathew A , Ngwane Trevor , Macdonald Graeme , Mason-Deese Liz 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
From Singapore to New York, via New Delhi, Johannesburg, London, Glasgow and Buenos Aires, “Cities in Flux” registers some of the most profound impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on cities around the world. Narrated in different styles, the individual pieces draw on theories of global cities in neoliberal times as well as on the phenomenological truths of inhabiting these disparate places bound together by a global crisis. The pieces make use of a plethora of urban signs—flashing images, sounds of silence and emergency vehicles, Whatsapp chatter, billboards, found objects, and media noise—to reflect on experiences that are both deeply personal and embodied as well as reflective of a common urban predicament. Even as the pandemic exacerbated problems of housing, transport, health, schooling, employment, environment, and food supply, it also created feelings of waste, loss, and loneliness. All the pieces draw inspiration from a range of urban projects such as the Hot City Collective in New York, the Workers’ Stories Project in Glasgow, the Black Lives Matter movement in London, the Feminist Assembly in Buenos Aires, the C-19 People's Coalition in Johannesburg, and the anti–citizenship law protests and the farmers’ movement in Indian cities. Against the multiplying crises of cities during the time of the pandemic, the different pieces in this pod come together to hope for an urban commons that is based on justice and freedom.
Embodying an artificial hand increases blood flow to the investigated limb
Authors: Di Pino Giovanni , Mioli Alessandro , Altamura Claudia , D'Alonzo Marco 
Published: April 2022

Background: The autonomic nervous system is the main determinant of the blood flow directed towards a body part, and it is tightly connected to the representation of the body in the brain; would the experimental modulation of the sense of limb ownership affect its blood perfusion? Methods: In healthy participants, we employed the rubber hand illusion paradigm to modulate limb ownership while we monitored the brachial artery blood flow and resistance index within the investigated limb. Results: In all conditions with brush-stroking, we found an initial drop in the blood flow due to tactile stimulation. Subsequently, in the illusion condition (where both the rubber and real hand synchronous brush-stroking were present), the blood flow rose significantly faster and reached significantly higher values. Moreover, the increase in blood flow correlated with the extent of embodiment as measured by questionnaires and correlated negatively with the change of peripherical vascular resistance. Conclusions: These findings suggest that modulating the representation of a body part impacts its blood perfusion.
Consortium management structures, processes, and approaches: The DELTAS Africa example
Authors: Tagoe Nadia , Molyneux Sassy , Pulford Justin , Kinyanjui Sam 
Published: April 2022

Background: Global efforts to strengthen health research capacity in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have intensified in the past few decades, and these efforts are often implemented by consortia. Our review of the literature indicated that reports on health research capacity strengthening (HRCS) consortia have primarily focused on programme outputs and outcomes while management processes and their contributions to consortia goals have received little attention. This qualitative study sought to identify the consortium management processes employed by 10 DELTAS Africa consortia, factors influencing these processes, and leaders’ consortium management experiences. Methods: We conducted 24 key informant interviews with the directors and programme managers of all the 10 DELTAS Africa consortia, and funding actors who worked closely with the consortia. The interviews were supplemented by reviews of DELTAS and consortium-specific documents. Data were analysed using the content analysis approach. Results: The consortia studied employed similar management processes but adopted different strategies in executing these processes. Study results indicate that decision-making in consortia is not always a straightforward process as leaders were often faced with dilemmas when determining management strategies to adopt, and often tried to balance multiple factors which were not always aligned. This was demonstrated as consortia selected partners, determined goals and activities, assigned roles and responsibilities, allocated resources, established governance and partner management systems, and coordinated and monitored consortia activities. Factors that influenced the choice of processes and approaches included previous experiences, funders expectations, and the pressure to deliver research outputs. Consortia’s unique approaches to management were due to varying contexts and influences and indicate that management decisions are nuanced and cannot easily be formularized. Conclusion: The study has highlighted the importance of flexibility in consortium management and the need to generate research capacity strengthening (RCS)-specific guidance that can assist consortia in resolving dilemmas and making appropriate management decisions.
Blasts in pleural fluid: a clue to diagnose acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Songtanin Busara , Evans Abbie , Warraich Irfan 
Published: April 2022

Acute myeloid leukemia is usually diagnosed in older patients, and its incidence increases with age. Most patients with acute myeloid leukemia present with symptoms related to anemia, bleeding, and infections. Blast infiltration into other tissues can occur. Leukemic pleural infiltration has been reported previously but is very rare. Here we discuss a 62-year-old woman diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia with a leukemic infiltrate in a pleural effusion.

Keywords: AML, pleural effusion, blast cell, leukemic pleural infiltrate
Ventilator management using esophageal balloon pressure measurements
Authors: Morataya Cristina , Armin Sabiha , Nugent Kenneth 
Published: April 2022

Mechanical ventilation provides essential support for patients with acute respiratory failure and provides time for these patients to recover from the primary disorder. Ventilator strategies need to provide adequate oxygenation and avoid barotrauma. This trauma develops when some regions of the lungs are overinflated and develops when some regions are underinflated and have cyclical opening and closing during the respiratory cycle. The ARDS network trial demonstrated that a low tidal volume and low pressure strategy improved outcomes. Subsequent trials have tried to determine the optimal PEEP level in patients with moderate to severe ARDS. The use of esophageal balloons provides information about the transpulmonary pressure at the end of inspiration and the transpulmonary pressure at the end of expiration. However, available studies to date do not demonstrate a definite improvement in outcomes in patients with ventilator adjustments based on esophageal pressures. Beitler et al. randomized 200 patients with moderate to severe ARDS into one group in which PEEP titration was based on esophageal balloon pressure measurements, and a second group in which PEEP titration was based on a high FiO2/PEEP table studied in earlier trials. There were no differences in mortality between the two groups. Reanalysis of this information after the trial was completed suggested that transpulmonary pressures in the range of -2 to + 2 cm H2O at the end of expiration were associated with improved outcomes compared to pressures outside that range.