bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergistic effect of probiotic and postbiotic on attenuation of PM2.5‐induced lung damage and allergic response
Authors: Chiu Yi‐Heng , Chiu Hung‐Pin , Lin Meei‐Yn 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo date, few studies have been conducted on the relationship between postbiotics and air pollution, and there is limited knowledge if postbiotic and probiotic have synergistic effects. Therefore, we created a PM‐induced lung inflammation mice model and demonstrated the effect of probiotic, postbiotic, and their combination treatment on attenuation of PM2.5‐induced lung damage and allergic response. The mice were intratracheally given PM2.5 triggering conditions of acute lung damage and allergic response. Our results showed that individual treatment of probiotic and postbiotic reduced body weight loss by 47.1% and 48.9%, but the results did not show any effect on polarizing IFN‐γ/IL‐4 ratio. In addition, PM2.5‐induced overactive expression of IgE treated by probiotic and postbiotic was reduced by 33.2% and 30.4%, respectively. While combination treatment of probiotic and postbiotic exerted a synergistic effect, especially considerably on improving IgE reduction by 57.1%, body weight loss by 78.3%, and IFN‐γ/IL‐4 ratio boost by 87.5%. To sum up the above functionality, these research findings may help establish a novel platform for postbiotic application, formulation, and mechanistic selection with regard to PM2.5‐induced lung injury.Practical ApplicationAllergic inflammation caused by PM2.5 is not like common allergens (ex. Pollens, ovalbumin, dust mites), which simply skewing Th1/Th2 polarization to Th2. Thus using probiotics screened by Th1‐skewing criteria might not be the best choice to treat on PM2.5‐induced symptoms. This research proposed a combination of probiotics and postbiotics on modulating immunity homeostasis, and consequently attenuating complications of PM2.5‐induced lung damage. These research findings may help establish a novel platform for postbiotic application, formulation and mechanistic selection with regard to PM2.5‐induced lung injury.
Microwave heating process of moderate‐minced surimi based on multiphase porous media model
Authors: Yan Bowen , Meng Linglu , Yang Huayu , Du Lin , Jiao Xidong , Zhang Nana , Huang Jianlian , Zhao Jianxin , Zhang Hao , Chen Wei , Fan Daming 
Published: December 2022

AbstractModerately processed surimi products exhibit better nutrient retention and enhanced gels, and the great potential of microwaves application and changes in the way of chopping meat has been reported by previous research. In this study, a systematic analysis of the novel surimi product was made to explore the heat and mass transfer characteristics. A porous media model combining electromagnetic heat and hygroscopic expansion was developed to evaluate this process, and its accuracy has been verified experimentally. It was found that the dielectric characterization of multiphase mixture system has great influence on the results, the complex refractive index mixture equation was used due to its lowest root‐mean‐square error value. In addition, the effect of moderate processing on microwave heating was examined in terms of porosity changes. However, nonuniform temperature distributions were found in the higher porous samples, especially when the porosity is greater than 0.81. Moreover, the developed model was coupled with the evaluation for gel properties and the results showed the significant effect of moderate crushing on the gel quality during the microwave heating process.
Alcohol use contexts (social settings, drinking games/specials, and locations) as predictors of high‐intensity drinking on a given day among U.S. young adults
Authors: Terry‐McElrath Yvonne M. , Arterberry Brooke J. , Patrick Megan E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study examined whether variability in young adult drinking social settings, drinking games/drink price specials, and locations differentiated daily high‐intensity drinking (HID) likelihood; whether contexts varied by legal drinking age and college status (attending a 4‐year college full‐time); and whether legal drinking age and college status moderated drinking context/intensity associations.MethodsParticipants (n = 818 people, 46.3% female) were part of the Young Adult Daily Life Study in 2019 to 2022. They were originally selected because they were past 30‐day drinkers from the 2018 U.S. national probability Monitoring the Future 12th grade sample and because they reported one or more days of alcohol use during 14‐day data collection bursts across the following 4 years (n = 5080 drinking days). Weighted multilevel modeling was used to estimate drinking context/intensity associations. Drinking intensity was defined as moderate (females 1 to 3, males 1 to 4 drinks), binge (4 to 7, 5 to 9 drinks), or HID (8+, 10+ drinks). Models controlled for other within‐person (weekend, historical time period) and between‐person (sex and race/ethnicity) covariates.ResultsContexts differentiating HID and binge drinking days included drinking with large groups, strangers, pregaming, drinking games, and more drinking locations. Legal drinking age was associated with lower odds of free drinks but greater odds of drinking at bars/restaurants. College status was associated with lower odds of drinking alone or free drinks, but greater odds of drinking with friends, large groups, pregaming, drinking games, discounted price drinks, and at bars/restaurants, parties, and more drinking locations. Legal drinking age and college status moderated some context‐intensity associations.ConclusionsSocial settings, pregaming, drinking games, and drinking at more locations were associated with increased risk of HID on a given day. Legal drinking age and college status were associated with specific drinking contexts and moderated some context/intensity associations. Incorporating the contexts associated with HID into interventions may help to reduce HID and related consequences in young adults.
Adolescent‐ and adult‐initiated alcohol exposure in mice differentially promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis of breast cancer
Authors: Xu Mei , Li Hui , Chen Danlei , Wu Huaxun , Wen Wen , Xu Hong , Frank Jacqueline , Chen Gang , Luo Jia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlcohol exposure increases the risk of breast cancer. Alcohol consumption by adolescents is a serious social and public health issue. This study investigated the impact of adolescent alcohol consumption on mammary tumorigenesis and progression and compared it to that of adult alcohol exposure in animal models.MethodsFemale adolescent (5 weeks) and adult (8 weeks) MMTV‐Wnt1 mice were exposed to alcohol either chronically or acutely. For chronic alcohol exposure, animals were fed a liquid diet containing 6.7% ethanol for 23 weeks. For acute exposure, animals were treated with ethanol (2.5 g/kg, 25% w/v) via intraperitoneal (IP) injection for 15 days.ResultsIn control animals, the tumor latency was 18.5 to 22 weeks. Both chronic and acute alcohol exposure in adolescent mice significantly shortened the tumor latency to 9.5 and 8.4 weeks, respectively. However, adult‐initiated alcohol exposure had little effect on the tumor latency. Both adolescent‐ and adult‐initiated alcohol exposure significantly increased lung metastasis. Adolescent‐initiated alcohol exposure but not adult‐initiated alcohol exposure increased the breast cancer stem cell population. Adolescent‐initiated alcohol exposure significantly altered the proliferation of mammary epithelial cells, ductal growth, and the formation of terminal end buds in the mammary glands. Adolescent‐initiated alcohol exposure but not adult‐initiated alcohol exposure increased estradiol levels in the blood. Acute adolescent alcohol exposure also significantly increased blood progesterone levels. Furthermore, adolescent‐initiated alcohol exposure activated PAK1 and p38γ MAPK, critical regulators of mammary tumorigenesis and aggressiveness, respectively, while adult‐initiated alcohol exposure activated only p38γ MAPK. In addition, both adolescent and adult alcohol exposure significantly decreased the levels of a prognostic marker miR200b.ConclusionsAdolescent‐initiated alcohol exposure enhanced both tumorigenesis and aggressiveness of mammary tumors, while adult‐initiated alcohol exposure mainly promoted tumor metastasis. Thus, adolescent mice were more sensitive than adult mice in response to alcohol‐induced tumor promotion.
Influence of early‐life adversity on responses to acute and chronic ethanol in female mice
Authors: Okhuarobo Agbonlahor , Angelo Maggie , Bolton Jessica L. , Lopez Catherine , Igbe Ighodaro , Baram Tallie Z. , Contet Candice 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundStressful early‐life experiences increase the risk of developing an alcohol use disorder. We previously found that male C57BL/6J mice reared under limited bedding and nesting (LBN) conditions, a model of early‐life adversity, escalate their ethanol intake in limited‐access two‐bottle choice (2BC) sessions faster than control (CTL)‐reared counterparts when exposed to chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) vapor inhalation. However, the alcohol consumption of female littermates was not affected by LBN or CIE. In the present study, we sought to determine whether this phenotype reflected a general insensitivity of female mice to the influence of early‐life stress on alcohol responses.MethodsIn a first experiment, CTL and LBN females with a history of 2BC combined or not with CIE were tested in affective and nociceptive assays during withdrawal. In a second group of CTL and LBN females, we examined ethanol‐induced antinociception, sedation, plasma clearance, and c‐Fos induction.ResultsIn females withdrawn from chronic 2BC, CIE increased digging, reduced grooming, and increased immobility in the tail suspension test regardless of early‐life history. In contrast, LBN rearing lowered mechanical nociceptive thresholds regardless of CIE exposure. In females acutely treated with ethanol, LBN rearing facilitated antinociception and delayed the onset of sedation without influencing ethanol clearance rate or c‐Fos induction in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus, central nucleus of the amygdala, or auditory cortex.ConclusionCIE withdrawal produced multiple indices of negative affect in C57BL/6J females, suggesting that their motivation to consume alcohol may differ from air‐exposed counterparts despite equivalent intake. Contrasted with our previous findings in males, LBN‐induced mechanical hyperalgesia in chronic alcohol drinkers was specific to females. Lower nociceptive thresholds combined with increased sensitivity to the acute antinociceptive effect of ethanol may contribute to reinforcing ethanol consumption in LBN females but are not sufficient to increase their intake.
Intravenous immunoglobulins, cyclosporine, and best supportive care in epidermal necrolysis: Diverse effects on systemic inflammation
Authors: Schmidt Veronika , Lalevée Sophie , Traidl Stephan , Ameri Milad , Ziadlou Reihane , Ingen‐Housz‐Oro Saskia , Barau Caroline , de Prost Nicolas , Nägeli Mirjam , Mitamura Yasutaka , Meier‐Schiesser Barbara , Navarini Alexander A. , French Lars E. , Contassot Emmanuel , Brüggen Marie‐Charlotte 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundStevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are rare but potentially life‐threatening cutaneous adverse reactions. There is still no consensus on adjuvant treatments, and little is known about their effects on systemic inflammation in SJS/TEN. Our aim was to characterize the systemic and cutaneous immune profiles of SJS/TEN patients and to investigate whether/how intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG), cyclosporine A (CSA), and best supportive care only (BSCO) affected the systemic immune signature and clinical outcome (6 week‐mortality, complications, hospitalization stay).MethodsWe included 16 patients with SJS/TEN, treated with high‐dose IVIG (n = 8), CSA (n = 4) or BSCO (n = 4). Serial serum samples were obtained prior‐, 5–7 days, and 21 days after treatment onset. Serum levels of inflammation−/immune response‐associated proteins were measured by high‐throughput proteomics assay (OLINK) and cytotoxic molecules by ELISA. RNA extracted from skin biopsies collected prior treatment was analyzed by Nanostring.ResultsSerum inflammatory profiles in SJS/TEN patients were notably characterized by massive upregulation of type 1 immune response and proinflammatory markers. Surprisingly, there was limited overlap between cutaneous and serum immune profiles. Serial serological measurements of immune response markers showed very diverse dynamics between the different treatment groups. IVIG‐treated patients showed completely different dynamics and most significant proteomic changes in an early phase (Day 5–7). In all treatment groups, type 1−/inflammatory response markers were dampened at day 21. Clinically, there were no outcome differences.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that BSCO, CSA, and IVIG have very diverse biological effects on the systemic inflammatory response in SJS/TEN, which may not correlate with clinical outcome differences.
Sounding the alarmins—The role of alarmin cytokines in asthma
Authors: Gauvreau Gail M. , Bergeron Celine , Boulet Louis‐Philippe , Cockcroft Donald W. , Côté Andréanne , Davis Beth E. , Leigh Richard , Myers Irvin , O'Byrne Paul M. , Sehmi Roma 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe alarmin cytokines thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), interleukin (IL)‐33, and IL‐25 are epithelial cell‐derived mediators that contribute to the pathobiology and pathophysiology of asthma. Released from airway epithelial cells exposed to environmental triggers, the alarmins drive airway inflammation through the release of predominantly T2 cytokines from multiple effector cells. The upstream positioning of the alarmins is an attractive pharmacological target to block multiple T2 pathways important in asthma. Blocking the function of TSLP inhibits allergen‐induced responses including bronchoconstriction, airway hyperresponsiveness, and inflammation, and subsequent clinical trials of an anti‐TSLP monoclonal antibody, tezepelumab, in asthma patients demonstrated improvements in lung function, airway responsiveness, inflammation, and importantly, a reduction in the rate of exacerbations. Notably, these improvements were observed in patients with T2‐high and with T2‐low asthma. Clinical trials blocking IL‐33 and its receptor ST2 have also shown improvements in lung function and exacerbation rates; however, the impact of blocking the IL‐33/ST2 axis in T2‐high versus T2‐low asthma is unclear. To date, there is no evidence that IL‐25 blockade is beneficial in asthma. Despite the considerable overlap in the cellular functions of IL‐25, IL‐33, and TSLP, they appear to have distinct roles in the immunopathology of asthma.
Urine collection methods in precontinent children treated at the paediatric emergency department
Authors: Herreros María Luisa , Barrios Ana , Sánchez Aida , del Valle Rut , Pacheco Mónica , Gili Pablo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimTo describe the urine collection methods used in precontinent children presenting at the Paediatric Emergency Department (PED) and compare results and contamination rates.MethodsRetrospective observational cohort study that included 1678 urine cultures collected in infants <24 months of age between January 2016 and December 2019. Urine cultures were compared based on collection technique, sex and patient age.ResultsIn total, 60.4% of samples were collected by clean‐catch urine collection (CCUC), 26.4% by urethral catheterisation (UC) and 13.2% by urine bag (UB). Contamination rates were 2.9% (95% CI 1.3, 4.4) for UC, 11.3% (95% CI 9.3, 13.2) for CCUC and 23.4% (95% CI 17.8, 29.0) for UB. Significant differences in contamination rates were found between UC and CCUC in the 6–12‐month age group (1.9% [95% CI 0.0–4.0] versus 12.0% [95% CI 7.2–16.8] [p < 0.0009]), and between UC and UB for all ages.ConclusionsCCUC is the most common method for urine culture collection in infants <24 months of age at the PED in our centre. UC has the lowest contamination rates, but significant differences were only observed between CCUC and UC in the 6–12‐month age group. CCUC is a non‐invasive alternative for urine collection in infants.
Mapping physical characteristics in face images to social judgements
Authors: Jones Benedict C. , Jones Alex L. , Shiramizu Victor 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSutherland and Young (Br. J. Psychol., 113, 2022, 1056) provide a comprehensive and timely overview of recent developments in research on social judgements of faces, emphasizing the utility of data‐driven approaches. Here, we expand on this theme, focusing on how data‐driven approaches can provide new insights into the physical characteristics in face images that best predict social judgements.
Can physical exercise assist in controlling and reducing the severity of exercise‐induced bronchospasm in children and adolescents? A systematic review
Authors: Souza Silva Bruno Rafael Vieira , da Silva Gerlayne Alessandra Soares , de Albuquerque Rodrigues Filho Edil , Peixoto Décio Medeiros , de Almeida Santos Camila Matias , Quirino Polyanna Guerra Chaves , Rizzo José Ângelo , de Valois Correia Junior Marco Aurélio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to analyze whether physical exercise can contribute to improving the control and severity of exercise‐induced bronchospasm (EIB) in children and adolescents.MethodThis is a systematic review that used PubMed/Medline and Scopus databases as a search source, and using descriptors indexed to DeCS/Mesh. The articles were analyzed in three stages in the selection process. Methodological quality was assessed using the TESTEX scale.Result and discussionA total of 5867 articles were filtered in the initial search; however, only eight of these were included after the eligibility criteria. All presented improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness. Only two followed the international EIB diagnostic guidelines. Of these, only one described a reduction in FEV1 and considered that this improvement may influence the EIB response in children and adolescent athletes with a non‐asthmatic sample.ConclusionThe studies analyzed in this review did not enable drawing a conclusion regarding the influence of physical exercise on EIB in asthmatics. The lack of clinical trials on EIB and physical exercise, as well as the difficulty in methodological standardization for EIB diagnosis evidence the lack of scientific knowledge in this area, serving as a stimulus for researchers to find more consolidated answers.
Supported‐standing interventions for children and young adults with non‐ambulant cerebral palsy: A scoping review
Authors: McLean Lynore J. , Paleg Ginny S. , Livingstone Roslyn W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimTo describe the evidence, outcomes, and lived experience of supported standing for children and young adults with cerebral palsy aged 25 years or younger, classified in Gross Motor Function Classification System levels IV and V.MethodThis scoping review included searches in eight electronic databases and manual searching from database inception to May 2020 and updated on 21st February 2022. Two of three reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts and extracted and appraised data. Methodological quality and risk of bias were appraised using tools appropriate to study type. Content analysis and frequency effect sizes were calculated for qualitative and descriptive evidence.ResultsFrom 126 full‐text references, 59 citations (one study was reported over two citations) were included: 16 systematic reviews, 17 intervention studies reporting over 18 citations, eight analytical cross‐sectional studies, five descriptive cross‐sectional/survey studies, five qualitative studies, and one mixed‐methods study were identified, along with six clinical guidelines. Maintenance of bone mineral density and contracture prevention outcomes were supported by the most experimental studies and evidence syntheses, while evidence supporting other outcomes was primarily quasi‐experimental or descriptive. Qualitative evidence suggests that programmes are influenced by attitudes, device, child, and environmental factors.InterpretationIndividualized assessment and prescription are essential to match personal and environmental needs. Although experimental evidence is limited due to many factors, lived‐experience and cohort data suggest that successful integration of standing programmes into age‐appropriate and meaningful activities may enhance function, participation, and overall health.What this paper adds

Supported‐standing interventions may provide an important psychosocial and physical change of position.
Supported standing is not passive for those classified in Gross Motor Function Classification System level IV or V.
Supported standing may enhance social participation, functional abilities, and fitness.
Children need choice in where and when to stand.
Experiences surrounding the diagnostic process and care among parents of children diagnosed with Phelan–McDermid syndrome: A qualitative study
Authors: García‐Bravo Cristina , Martínez‐Piédrola Rosa M , García‐Bravo Sara , Huertas‐Hoyas Elisabet , Pérez‐De‐Heredia‐Torres Marta , Palacios‐Ceña Domingo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimTo explore the experience of parents of children diagnosed with Phelan–McDermid syndrome (PMS) with regard to the diagnostic process, treatment, and medical care.MethodA qualitative descriptive study was conducted. Participants were recruited using non‐probabilistic purposeful sampling. In total, 32 parents with children with PMS were included. In‐depth interviews and researcher field notes were used. An inductive thematic analysis was performed.ResultsFive themes were identified: (1) the ‘diagnostic process’ describes the diagnostic process and how it is communicated to the parents; (2) ‘treatment and expectations’ describes the expectations and hopes placed on future treatment; (3) ‘family planning’ describes how parents deal with genetic counselling when planning to have more children after a diagnosis of PMS; (4) ‘the world of disability’ describes the entry of parents into an environment of dependency and disability after the diagnosis; (5) ‘family's financial situation’ highlights the financial difficulties due to the high cost of therapies and daily care products.InterpretationOur results provide insight on how a diagnosis of PMS and its consequences are experienced by parents of children with PMS. These results can be used by health professionals to help and support parents.