bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contemporary perspectives on the ecological impacts of invasive freshwater fishes
Authors: Britton John Robert 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductions of non‐native freshwater fish continue to increase globally, although only a small proportion of these introductions will result in an invasion. These invasive populations can cause ecological impacts in the receiving ecosystem through processes including increased competition and predation pressure, genetic introgression and the transmission of non‐native pathogens. Definitions of ecological impact emphasize that shifts in the strength of these processes are insufficient for characterizing impact alone and, instead, must be associated with a quantifiable decline of biological and/or genetic diversity and lead to a measurable loss of diversity or change in ecosystem functioning. Assessments of ecological impact should thus consider the multiple processes and effects that potentially occur from invasive fish populations where, for example, impacts of invasive common carp Cyprinus carpio populations are through a combination of bottom‐up and top‐down processes that, in entirety, cause shifts in lake stable states and decreased species richness and/or abundances in the biotic communities. Such far‐reaching ecological impacts also align to contemporary definitions of ecosystem collapse, given they involve substantial and persistent declines in biodiversity and ecosystem functions that cannot be recovered unaided. Thus, while not all introduced freshwater fishes will become invasive, those species that do develop invasive populations can cause substantial ecological impacts, where some of the impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning might be sufficiently harmful to be considered as contributing to ecosystem collapse.
Effects of freeze‐dried black carrot fiber addition on the physicochemical, color, sensory attributes, and mineral contents of ayran
Authors: Say Dilek , Saydam İbrahim Başar , Güzeler Nuray 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe present study was conducted to evaluate the production of ayran by adding freeze‐dried black carrot fiber at different ratios (0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1%), followed by its storage for 14 days. It turned out that the more the amount of black carrot added, the more the amounts of Na, Mg, K, and Ca, though the sensory scores decreased. While pH, titratable acidity, viscosity, whey separation, and acetaldehyde contents of ayran were not affected by black carrot addition (p > .05), water‐holding capacity, volatile fatty acids, L*, a*, and b* values appeared to be significantly affected (p < .05). The highest and lowest a* values were determined on the 1st (A1: 7.09) and 14th (C: −1.24) days, respectively. Higher L*, b*, and volatile fatty acid values were found in the ayran sample containing 0.25% black carrot fiber (A1) following the control samples. Apart from the water‐holding capacity of ayran, no significant change occurred in other properties during storage (p > .05). The highest water‐holding capacity was observed in A2 (19.53%) on the 14th day of storage. The ayran‐containing 0.25% black carrot fiber presented the best results. Fortification of ayran with black carrot fiber is likely to make a significant contribution to the diversification of functional dairy products.Novelty impact statementFreeze‐drying of black carrot will enable to obtain rich color substances in its composition, reduce transportation, and storage costs, and provide a product with a longer shelf life. This study has aimed to increase the consumption of high‐fiber black carrot, which is freeze‐dried and powdered, by adding it into ayran, and to benefit from the rich nutritional content of black carrot, as well as developing a natural, nutritious, and highly appealing product for consumers. As a consequence, an important contribution will be made to the product diversification in the dairy industry. The functional properties that black carrot will bring to ayran will ultimately benefit public health.
Investigating the influence of an effort–reward interaction on cognitive fatigue in individuals with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Erani Fareshte , Patel Darshan , Deck Benjamin L. , Hamilton Roy H. , Schultheis Maria T. , Medaglia John D. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study examined whether an alteration in the effort–reward relationship, a theoretical framework based on cognitive neuroscience, could explain cognitive fatigue. Forty persons with MS and 40 healthy age‐ and education‐matched cognitively healthy controls (HC) participated in a computerized switching task with orthogonal high‐ and low‐demand (effort) and reward manipulations. We used the Visual Analog Scale of Fatigue (VAS‐F) to assess subjective state fatigue before and after each condition during the task. We used mixed‐effects models to estimate the association and interaction between effort and reward and their relationship to subjective fatigue and task performance. We found the high‐demand condition was associated with increased VAS‐F scores (p < .001), longer response times (RT) (p < .001) and lower accuracy (p < .001). The high‐reward condition was associated with faster RT (p = .006) and higher accuracy (p = .03). There was no interaction effect between effort and reward on VAS‐F scores or performance. Participants with MS reported higher VAS‐F scores (p = .02). Across all conditions, participants with MS were slower (p < .001) and slower as a function of condition demand compared with HC (p < .001). This behavioural study did not find evidence that an effort–reward interaction is associated with cognitive fatigue. However, our findings support the role of effort in subjective cognitive fatigue and both effort and reward on task performance. In future studies, more salient reward manipulations could be necessary to identify effort–reward interactions on subjective cognitive fatigue.
Transplantation of autologous epidermal melanocyte–keratinocyte cells suspension for cell therapy of vitiligo: A clinical evaluation and biometric assessment
Authors: Nilforoushzadeh Mohammad Ali , Farshi Susan , Nouri Maryam , Alavi Shiva , Bayat Tork Batool , Jaffary Fariba , Zare Sona 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionAmong several surgical treatments, the use of transplantation of epidermal cultured melanocytes or melanocytes–keratinocytes cell suspension has gained many researchers and dermatologists' attention as a new technique for the treatment of vitiligo. The present study aimed to transplant autologous epidermal melanocytes–keratinocytes cell suspension for the treatment of vitiligo.MethodsIn this study, 15 volunteer patients aged between 18 and 45 years old were studied. The autologous melanocytes–keratinocytes cell suspension was then transplanted to the region after dermabrasion. The included patients were evaluated by VisioFace, MPA9, and Skin Scanner‐DUB once before and 1, 2, and 6 months after the transplantation, while the extents of stainability and changes in the transplanted region were recorded.ResultsThe color contrast between the lesion and normal skin significantly decreased after 1, 2, and 6 months of the melanocytes transplantation compared with the pre‐procedure (13.8 ± 0.45 before vs. 12.9 ± 0.43, 12.2 ± 0.45, and 10.2 ± 0.34 at months 1, 2, and 6, p < 0.001). Furthermore, melanin index significantly increased six months after cell transplantation compared to the pretreatment (168.3 ± 4.22 vs. 130.5 ± 3.98, p < 0.001).ConclusionTransplantation of melanocytes cells with dermabrasion can be effective on vitiligo improvement, so it is recommended.
Basal cell skin cancers: Retrospective analysis of 67 cases
Authors: Ozbey Rafet 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundBasal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer and originates from the basal layer of the epidermis. It is most common in the head and neck region. It usually grows slowly and rarely metastasizes. The gold standard treatment is surgical excision.AimsIn this study, it was aimed to discuss the demographic and medical data of patients treated with the diagnosis of BCC.Patients/MethodsSixty‐seven tumors of 55 patients who were operated for BCC in our clinic between 2016 and 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic and medical data were analyzed.ResultsThe tumor was most commonly localized to the nose. The most common (50%) histological type was the nodular type. Recurrence occurred in one of our patients (1.5%). Surgical margin positivity was observed in six patients.ConclusionsBasal cell carcinomas are most common in the head and neck region. Its frequency increases with age and is more common in men. In our patients, 98.5% of the tumors were located in the head and neck, and 89.5% were over 60 years of age. Nodular is the most common type of BCC, and the most common nodular type was detected in our study.Surgical margin positivity is observed between 9% and 37.2% after surgery, and the recurrence rate is around 5%. In our study, surgical margin positivity was 9% and recurrence was 1.5%. Evaluating the excision margins carefully in a well‐lit environment and taking into account cosmetic concerns, obtaining an adequately intact surgical margin in one go may lead to the ideal treatment result.
Pentoxifylline in dermatology
Authors: Balazic Eliza , Axler Eden , Konisky Hailey , Khanna Urmi , Kobets Kseniya 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundPentoxifylline was initially marketed for use in patients with intermittent claudication due to chronic occlusive arterial disease of the extremities but has since been shown to have several off‐label uses in dermatology.AimsThe aim of this review is to increase awareness of the several applications of pentoxifylline in the field of dermatology.MethodsA comprehensive PubMed search was conducted in May 2022 using the following phrases “dermatology” AND “pentoxifylline.” Our search period spanned 34 years from 1988 to 2022. All available literature was reviewed. Reference lists of identified articles were included. Studies were excluded if they were not in English and if the study was out of scope. Eighty‐one articles were included in this review.ResultsPentoxifylline has been used to treat various dermatological conditions including peripheral vascular disease, vasculitis and vasculopathies, chilblains, pigmented purpuric dermatosis, granuloma annulare, necrobiosis, keloids, lichen sclerosis et atrophicus, scars, radiation‐induced fibrosis, vitiligo, alopecia areata, leishmaniasis, and leprosy.ConclusionsPentoxifylline's use in dermatology is growing. However, there are limited larger studies and randomized control trials on the use of pentoxifylline in dermatology and more investigation is needed to evaluate its use for many dermatologic conditions. Pentoxifylline's unique mechanism of action as well as its good tolerability, cost‐effectiveness, and minimal drug interactions make it a convenient primary or adjunctive option in many dermatological conditions.
Serum zinc‐alpha‐2 glycoprotein and insulin levels and their correlation with metabolic syndrome in patients with rosacea
Authors: Sahin Rana Basara , Kilic Fatma Arzu , Hizli Pelin , Baykan Ozgur 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundMetabolic syndrome and insulin resistance may accompany rosacea. Zinc‐alpha‐2 glycoprotein (ZAG) is an adipokine involved in lipid, glucose, and insulin metabolism and might be associated with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance.AimsTo investigate the serum ZAG levels, presence of metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and the correlation between ZAG levels, rosacea severity, and metabolic syndrome in patients with rosacea.Patients/MethodsSeventy‐nine patients with rosacea and 80 healthy volunteers were included. Anthropometric and demographic features, personal and family histories, clinical data, the subtype, severity, and duration of rosacea were recorded. Metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia were evaluated in both groups. Fasting blood sugar, lipid panel, C‐reactive protein, sedimentation rate, insulin, and serum ZAG levels were investigated.ResultsFrequency of metabolic syndrome, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and C‐reactive protein levels were significantly higher in the rosacea group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). Frequency of dyslipidemia and insulin resistance did not significantly differ between the groups (p = 0.175 and 0.694, respectively). The mean serum ZAG levels were lower in the rosacea group, but no significant difference was evident. In rosacea patients with metabolic syndrome, serum ZAG levels were significantly lower (p = 0.043); however, serum ZAG levels, insulin, and the homeostasis model assessment‐estimated insulin resistance values were significantly higher (p = 0.168, 0.013 and 0.001, respectively).ConclusionMetabolic syndrome, high blood pressure, and high C‐reactive protein levels were associated with rosacea indicating chronic systemic inflammation. ZAG levels were associated with metabolic syndrome in patients with rosacea but not associated with rosacea subtype and disease severity.
Spatial distribution of CD34 protein in primordial odontogenic tumour, ameloblastic fibroma and the tooth germ
Authors: Pereira Prado Vanesa , Landini Gabriel , Mosqueda Taylor Adalberto , Vargas Pablo , Bologna Molina Ronell 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrimordial odontogenic tumour is a benign mixed neoplasm of recent description, which has histological similarities with other odontogenic tumours such as the ameloblastic fibroma. In this article, we investigate the architecture of the sub‐epithelial layer of mesenchymal cells expressing the marker CD34 in primordial odontogenic tumour.ObjectiveAnalyse the spatial patterns of CD34 expression in primordial odontogenic tumour and compare them with those in ameloblastic fibroma and the normal tooth germ by means of objective imaging approaches, to better characterise these lesions.MethodsTwo cases of primordial odontogenic tumour, four cases of ameloblastic fibroma and two cases of tooth germ in cap and bell stages were used for morphological, structural and immunohistochemical analyses.ResultsCD34 expression was found in vascular endothelium of primordial odontogenic tumour, ameloblastic fibroma and tooth germ. In addition, a characteristic sub‐epithelial expression was observed only in primordial odontogenic tumour, corresponding to 84%–86% of the sample boundaries. Moreover, the zone expressing CD34 corresponded with a higher cellularity, which was absent in ameloblastic fibroma and tooth germ.ConclusionImage analysis of the primordial odontogenic tumour architecture revealed characteristics absent in other odontogenic tumours and tooth germs. This study provides additional information to support the idea that this neoplasm is a distinct entity from early stage AF or developing odontoma.
Diagnostic accuracy of pan‐TRK immunohistochemistry in differentiating secretory carcinoma from acinic cell carcinoma of salivary gland—A systematic review
Authors: Sharma Pooja , Sivakumar N. , Pandiar Deepak 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundSecretory carcinoma (SC) is a well‐established salivary gland malignancy that has earned its popularity for its unique clinicopathological behavior. Although it is an indolent malignancy, few of them have been reported with high grade transformation making it mandatory to differentiate it from its prime histological mimicker, acinic cell carcinoma (AciCC). Recently, many studies have been directed toward validating the sensitivity and specificity of pan‐TRK IHC for confirming ETV6::NTRK3 gene fusion in SCs involving salivary gland.AimThe aim of the present systematic review was to establish the diagnostic utility of pan‐TRK immunostaining in histological differentiation of SC from AciCC.Material and methodsAn electronic search was carried out using MEDLINE by PubMed, Scopus, Google scholar, Trip, Cochrane library and EMBASE databases. Articles in which SC assessed with pan‐TRK immunohistochemical expressions were included for systematic review and their staining pattern (cytoplasmic, nuclear and/or combined), sensitivity, specificity, positive as well as negative predictive were gathered. Risk of bias was analyzed for each study using QUADAS‐2 tool.ResultsThirteen eligible articles were included for the quantitative analysis, which revealed positive immunostaining of pan‐TRK by nearly all the ETV6::NTRK3 fusion prevalent SCs alongside negative expression in almost all the cases of AciCC with 100% of sensitivity as well as specificity.ConclusionThe evidence from the included studies supports that pan‐TRK immunostaining could be used as a reliable preliminary screening tool for discerning SC from AciCC.PROSPERO No: CRD42022308913.
Capital requirements and claims recovery: A new perspective on solvency regulation
Authors: Munari Cosimo , Weber Stefan , Wilhelmy Lutz 
Published: October 2022

AbstractProtection of creditors is a key objective of financial regulation. Where the protection needs are high, that is, in banking and insurance, regulatory solvency requirements are an instrument to prevent that creditors incur losses on their claims. The current regulatory requirements based on value at risk (V@R) and average value at risk (AV@R) limit the probability of default of financial institutions, but they fail to control the size of recovery on creditors' claims in the case of default. We resolve this failure by developing a novel risk measure, recovery V@R. Our conceptual approach is flexible and allows the construction of general recovery risk measures for various risk management purposes. We provide detailed case studies and applications. We show that recovery risk measures can be used for performance‐based management of business divisions of firms and discuss how to calibrate recovery risk measures to historical regulatory standards. Finally, we analyze how recovery risk measures react to the joint distributions of assets and liabilities on firms' balance sheets and compare the corresponding capital requirements with the current regulatory benchmarks based on V@R and AV@R.
Longitudinal Associations of Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Poverty With Academic Performance Among Youth
Authors: Clennin Morgan N. , Shull Emily R. , Dowda Marsha , Pate Russell R. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundCardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) plays a significant role in health and academic performance in youth. The purpose of this study was to examine the longitudinal relationship between CRF and academic performance from fifth to eighth grade among a large, diverse, and state‐wide cohort of students, and to determine the extent to which the relationship between change in CRF and academic performance is moderated by poverty status.MethodsCRF and academic performance data were obtained for a retrospective state‐wide cohort of 11,013 students with baseline (fifth grade, school year 2015‐2016) and follow‐up (eighth grade, school year 2018‐2019) data. Analysis of covariance was used to examine the association between changes in CRF over a 3‐year follow‐up period and eighth grade academic performance.ResultsAfter adjusting for covariates, change in CRF and poverty status were positively and significantly associated with eighth grade academic performance. Poverty status did not significantly moderate the association between changes in CRF and academic performance.ConclusionsSchools should prioritize evidence‐based policies and programs that optimize students' access to high quantity and quality physical activity throughout the school day. Such efforts can improve and maintain student CRF and thus academic performance outcomes.
Phylogenetic relationships, hybridization events, and drivers of diversification of East Asian wild grapes as revealed by phylogenomic analyses
Authors: Ma Zhi‐Yao , Nie Ze‐Long , Liu Xiu‐Qun , Tian Jing‐Pu , Zhou Yong‐Feng , Zimmer Elizabeth , Wen Jun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEast Asian wild grapes show a high level of species diversity and have been widely recognized as important germplasm resources of wine, table grapes, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses for the grape industry. However, the deeper phylogenetic relationships and drivers of diversification of East Asian Vitis remain poorly understood. Hybridization and introgression events of East Asian Vitis are not well investigated, particularly at the genome‐wide scale. The phylogenetic relationships of East Asian Vitis are herein explored using nuclear and plastid genome data based on target enrichment (Hyb‐Seq). Seven major clades are recognized for East Asian Vitis based on the nuclear phylogenetic trees, but there is topological incongruence between concatenated and coalescent analyses. Furthermore, significant cytonuclear discordance is observed within East Asian Vitis. Species network analyses identified several hybridization events within East Asian Vitis. These interspecific hybridization events may have caused the topological discordances and relatively low support detected in our analyses. Ecological niche modeling shows that most of the diversification of East Asian Vitis species is driven by temperature and precipitation environmental variables. Sympatric parallel diversifications of major clades also may have facilitated the rich diversity in East Asian Vitis.
Sleep symptoms are essential features of long‐COVID– Comparing healthy controls withCOVID‐19 cases of different severity in the internationalCOVIDsleep study (ICOSS‐II)
Authors: Merikanto Ilona , Dauvilliers Yves , Chung Frances , Wing Yun Kwok , De Gennaro Luigi , Holzinger Brigitte , Bjorvatn Bjørn , Morin Charles M. , Penzel Thomas , Benedict Christian , Koscec Bjelajac Adrijana , Chan Ngan Yin , Espie Colin A. , Hrubos‐Strøm Harald , Inoue Yuichi , Korman Maria , Landtblom Anne‐Marie , Léger Damien , Matsui Kentaro , Mota‐Rolim Sergio , Nadorff Michael R. , Plazzi Giuseppe , Reis Catia , Yordanova Juliana , Partinen Markku 
Published: October 2022

SummaryMany people report suffering from post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐19 or “long‐COVID”, but there are still open questions on what actually constitutes long‐COVID and how prevalent it is. The current definition of post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐19 is based on voting using the Delphi‐method by the WHO post‐COVID‐19 working group. It emphasizes long‐lasting fatigue, shortness of breath and cognitive dysfunction as the core symptoms of post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐19. In this international survey study consisting of 13,628 subjects aged 18–99 years from 16 countries of Asia, Europe, North America and South America (May–Dec 2021), we show that post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐19 symptoms were more prevalent amongst the more severe COVID‐19 cases, i.e. those requiring hospitalisation for COVID‐19. We also found that long‐lasting sleep symptoms are at the core of post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐19 and associate with the COVID‐19 severity when COVID‐19 cases are compared with COVID‐negative cases. Specifically, fatigue (61.3%), insomnia symptoms (49.6%) and excessive daytime sleepiness (35.8%) were highly prevalent amongst respondents reporting long‐lasting symptoms after hospitalisation for COVID‐19. Understanding the importance of sleep‐related symptoms in post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐19 has a clinical relevance when diagnosing and treating long‐COVID.