bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salutogenic-based interventions among community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chow Edmund Kit Mun , Seah Betsy , Chan Janice Jia Ying , Wang Wenru 
Published: January 2022

Summary
Salutogenesis is a health-promoting orientation and sense of coherence (SOC) is a vital coping factor associated with quality of life (QOL) and self-efficacy. Although salutogenic-based interventions showed potential in improving health outcomes, the application of salutogenic concepts and effectiveness on SOC, QOL and self-efficacy among community-dwelling older adults remained unclear. This review aimed to consolidate evidence on salutogenic approaches and evaluate the effectiveness of salutogenic-based interventions on SOC, QOL and self-efficacy in community-dwelling older adults.
Databases systematically searched include PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus, Medline, PsycINFO and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global electronic databases. Two reviewers screened study eligibility, assessed risk of bias and extracted data of included studies independently. Meta-analyses on SOC and QOL were performed using RevMan. Where meta-analysis was not possible, narrative synthesis was employed. Eight studies involving 1201 older adults were included in this review. Subgroup analysis on SOC showed significant effects favouring salutogenic-based interventions using the empowering self-management model or strengths/resource-based approaches. However, results were mixed for the reflection-based approach. No significant effect favouring salutogenic-based interventions on QOL outcomes were found. High heterogeneity was observed for the outcome on self-efficacy. Two SOC strengthening processes, empowerment and reflection, were found to potentially underlie salutogenic-based intervention mechanisms. Effectiveness of salutogenic-based interventions on SOC, QOL and self-efficacy among community-dwelling older adults remained inconclusive due to high heterogeneity. Future salutogenic-based interventions should employ longitudinal designs and standardization on intervention delivery, utilizing a dual pathway via empowerment and reflection.
Quantitative uncertainty estimation in biophysical models of fish larval connectivity in the Florida Keys
Authors: Chaput Romain , Sochala Pierre , Miron Philippe , Kourafalou Vassiliki H , Iskandarani Mohamed 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The impacts of seven uncertain biological parameters on simulated larval connectivity in the Florida Keys are investigated using Polynomial chaos surrogates. These parameters describe biological traits and behaviours—such as mortality, swimming abilities, and orientation—and modulate larval settlement as well as dispersal forecasts. However, these parameters are poorly constrained by observations and vary naturally between individual larvae. The present investigation characterizes these input uncertainties with probability density functions informed by previous studies of Abudefduf saxatilis. The parametric domain is sampled via ensemble calculations, then a polynomial-based surrogate is built to explicitly approximate the dependence of the model outputs on the uncertain model inputs, which enables a robust statistical analysis of uncertainties. This approach allows the computation of probabilistic dispersal kernels that are further analyzed to understand the impact of the parameter uncertainties. We find that the biological input parameters influence the connectivity differently depending on dispersal distance and release location. The global sensitivity analysis shows that the interactions between detection distance threshold, orientation ontogeny, and orientation accuracy, are the dominant contributors to the uncertainty in settlement abundance in the Florida Keys. Uncertainties in swimming speed and mortality, on the other hand, seem to contribute little to dispersal uncertainty.
Engineering analysis of aortic wall stress and root dilatation in the V-shape surgery for treatment of ascending aortic aneurysms
Authors: Dong Hai , Liu Minliang , Qin Tongran , Liang Liang , Ziganshin Bulat , Ellauzi Hesham , Zafar Mohammad , Jang Sophie , Elefteriades John , Sun Wei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The study objective was to evaluate the aortic wall stress and root dilatation before and after the novel V-shape surgery for the treatment of ascending aortic aneurysms and root ectasia.

METHODS
Clinical cardiac computed tomography images were obtained for 14 patients [median age, 65 years (range, 33–78); 10 (71%) males] who underwent the V-shape surgery. For 10 of the 14 patients, the computed tomography images of the whole aorta pre- and post-surgery were available, and finite element simulations were performed to obtain the stress distributions of the aortic wall at pre- and post-surgery states. For 6 of the 14 patients, the computed tomography images of the aortic root were available at 2 follow-up time points post-surgery (Post 1, within 4 months after surgery and Post 2, about 20–52 months from Post 1). We analysed the root dilatation post-surgery using change of the effective diameter of the root at the two time points and investigated the relationship between root wall stress and root dilatation.

RESULTS
The mean and peak max-principal stresses of the aortic root exhibit a significant reduction, P=0.002 between pre- and post-surgery for both root mean stress (median among the 10 patients presurgery, 285.46 kPa; post-surgery, 199.46 kPa) and root peak stress (median presurgery, 466.66 kPa; post-surgery, 342.40 kPa). The mean and peak max-principal stresses of the ascending aorta also decrease significantly from pre- to post-surgery, with P=0.004 for the mean value (median presurgery, 296.48 kPa; post-surgery, 183.87 kPa), and P=0.002 for the peak value (median presurgery, 449.73 kPa; post-surgery, 282.89 kPa), respectively. The aortic root diameter after the surgery has an average dilatation of 5.01% in total and 2.15%/year. Larger root stress results in larger root dilatation.

CONCLUSIONS
This study marks the first biomechanical analysis of the novel V-shape surgery. The study has demonstrated significant reduction in wall stress of the aortic root repaired by the surgery. The root was able to dilate mildly post-surgery. Wall stress could be a critical factor for the dilatation since larger root stress results in larger root dilatation. The dilated aortic root within 4 years after surgery is still much smaller than that of presurgery.
Combination of endobronchial bronchoscopic debulking and bronchoplastic segmentectomy of an obstructive neuroendocrine tumour: probably the least invasive approach
Authors: Mégevand Vladimir , Lutz Jon A , Kocher Gregor J , Dumont Philippe 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We report the case of a female patient with an obstructing well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumour in the apical segment of the completely atelectatic right lower lobe. Bronchoscopic debulking of the tumour lead to re-ventilation of the remaining lobe, allowing to perform a lung-sparing bronchoplastic resection of the affected segment by uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery.
A Roadmap to Reconstructing Muscle Architecture from CT Data
Authors: Katzke Julian , Puchenkov Pavel , Stark Heiko , Economo Evan P 
Published: January 2022

Synopsis
Skeletal muscle is responsible for voluntary force generation across animals, and muscle architecture largely determines the parameters of mechanical output. The ability to analyze muscle performance through muscle architecture is thus a key step towards better understanding the ecology and evolution of movements and morphologies. In pennate skeletal muscle, volume, fiber lengths, and attachment angles to force transmitting structures comprise the most relevant parameters of muscle architecture. Measuring these features through tomographic techniques offers an alternative to tedious and destructive dissections, particularly as the availability of tomographic data is rapidly increasing. However, there is a need for streamlined computational methods to access this information efficiently. Here, we establish and compare workflows using partially automated image analysis for fast and accurate estimation of animal muscle architecture. After isolating a target muscle through segmentation, we evaluate freely available and proprietary fiber tracing algorithms to reconstruct muscle fibers. We then present a script using the Blender Python API to estimate attachment angles, fiber lengths, muscle volume, and physiological cross-sectional area. We apply these methods to insect and vertebrate muscle and provide guided workflows. Results from fiber tracing are consistent compared to manual measurements but much less time-consuming. Lastly, we emphasize the capabilities of the open-source three-dimensional software Blender as both a tool for visualization and a scriptable analytic tool to process digitized anatomical data. Across organisms, it is feasible to extract, analyze, and visualize muscle architecture from tomography data by exploiting the spatial features of scans and the geometric properties of muscle fibers. As digital libraries of anatomies continue to grow, the workflows and approach presented here can be part of the open-source future of digital comparative analysis.
Heat Wave Intensity Drives Sublethal Reproductive Costs in a Tidepool Copepod
Authors: Siegle Matthew R , Taylor Eric B , O'Connor Mary I 
Published: January 2022

SynopsisPhysiological stress may induce sublethal effects on fitness by limiting energy availability and shifting energy allocation, which can incur reproductive costs. Sublethal reproductive costs may affect vital rates, linking stress events such as heat waves to population demography. Here, we test the hypothesis that heat wave intensity and consecutive days of exposure to heat wave temperatures impact survival and individual reproductive success. We subjected groups of the marine harpacticoid copepod, Tigriopus californicus, to 6 heat wave regimes that differed in maximum exposure temperature, 26°C or 32°C, and number of consecutive exposure days (1, 2, or 7), and predicted that survival and reproductive costs would increase with heat wave intensity and duration. We measured individual survival and offspring production during the heat waves and for 2 weeks following the last day of each experimental heat wave. Despite similar survivorship between the 2 maximum temperature treatments, sublethal effects of heat wave intensity were observed. Consistent with our predictions, individuals that experienced the higher maximum temperature 32°C heat waves produced fewer offspring overall than those that experienced the 26°C heat wave. Furthermore, the number of naupliar larvae (nauplii) per clutch was lower in the 32°C group for egg clutches produced immediately after the final day of exposure. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that increasing thermal stress can lead to sublethal costs, even with no discernible effects on mortality. Heat waves may not always have lethal effects on individuals, especially for individuals that are adapted to routine exposures to high temperatures, such as those occupying the high intertidal. Costs, however, associated with stress and/or reduced performance due to non-linearities, can affect short-term demographic rates. The effect of these short-term sublethal perturbations is needed to fully understand the potential for population rescue and evolution in the face of rapid climate change.
Tigecycline population pharmacokinetics in critically ill patients with decompensated cirrhosis and severe infections
Authors: Bastida Carla , Hernández-Tejero María , Cariqueo Marcial , Aziz Fátima , Fortuna Virginia , Sanz Miquel , Brunet Mercè , Fernández Javier , Soy Dolors 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Physiopathological changes in advanced cirrhosis could alter tigecycline pharmacokinetics (PK), thus affecting serum drug concentrations and compromising target attainment. We aimed to describe tigecycline PK in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and severe bacterial infections, identify the sources of PK variability and assess the performance of different dosing regimens to optimize the PK/pharmacodynamic (PD) target.

Methods
Serum concentrations and covariates were obtained from patients with severe infections under tigecycline treatment. A population PK analysis was performed using non-linear mixed-effects modelling and the final model was used to simulate tigecycline exposure to assess the PTA.

Results
Twenty critically ill patients were enrolled in the study. Data were best described by a two-compartment linear model. Mean ± SD parameter estimates for clearance (CL), intercompartmental clearance (Q), central and peripheral volumes of distribution (V1 and V2) were 14.8 ± 11 L/h, 38.4 ± 24 L/h, 63.7 ± 14 L and 233 ± 30 L, respectively. MELD score significantly influenced tigecycline CL, and total serum proteins significantly affected V1. Monte Carlo simulations showed that tigecycline elimination is hampered as MELD score values increase, consequently requiring lower drug doses. Patients with hypoproteinaemia would have lower peak tigecycline concentrations but similar steady-state concentrations compared with patients with normoproteinaemia.

Conclusions
Our study confirms that tigecycline dose adjustment is needed in severe hepatic dysfunction and suggests using the MELD score for dose optimization since it is identified as a covariate that significantly influences tigecycline CL. Dosing regimens are recommended to reach several PK/PD targets considering this clinical variable and any MIC within the susceptibility range.
Chemical composition of selected insect meals and their effect on apparent total tract digestibility, fecal metabolites, and microbiota of adult cats fed insect-based retorted diets
Authors: Reilly Lauren M , Hu Yi , von Schaumburg Patrick C , de Oliveira Maiara R D , He Fei , Rodriguez-Zas Sandra L , Southey Bruce R , Parsons Carl M , Utterback Pam , Lambrakis Leah , da Costa Diego V , Bertechini Antonio G , Saad Flávia M O B , de Godoy Maria R C 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Insect meals are novel and potentially sustainable protein sources. The objectives of this study were to determine the chemical composition and standardized amino acid digestibility using the cecectomized rooster model of three selected insect meals (i.e., speckled cockroach [SC], Madagascar hissing cockroach [MC], and superworm [SW]) and to determine the effects of these insect meals on food intake, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of macronutrients, fecal scores, and metabolites of adult cats fed insect- or chicken-based retorted diets. This study consisted of a complete randomized design, with 28 adult cats randomly assigned to one of the four experimental retorted diets: Control (chicken-based diet), SC diet, MC diet, or SW diet. All animal procedures were approved by the University of Illinois Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. All diets were formulated to be complete and balanced and meet or exceed the nutritional requirements of adult cats. The experimental period was 28 d, with the first 7 d allotted for diet adaptation. The total fecal collection was completed during the last 4 d of the experimental period. On day 21, a fresh fecal sample from each cat was collected for the determination of fecal metabolites and microbiota. Food was offered twice daily to maintain body weight and body condition score. Among the three selected insect meals evaluated, oleic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, and stearic acid were the most prevalent fatty acids. Branched-chain amino acids and arginine were the most preponderant indispensable amino acids in these insect meals. ATTD of dry matter, organic matter, acid-hydrolyzed fat, and crude protein did not differ among treatments (P &gt; 0.05), and all diets were well digested by the cats. Similarly, fecal scores did not differ among the treatments and were within ideal range. No differences (P &gt; 0.05) in fecal metabolite concentrations or microbiota diversity were observed among cats fed different experimental diets; only a few genera from Firmicutes and Bacteroidota phyla differ (P &lt; 0.05) in cats fed SW diet in contrast to other dietary treatments. In conclusion, the selected insect meals evaluated herein are rich in linoleic acid, an essential fatty acid for cats. Insect-based retorted diets led to comparable results to those achieved with a chicken-based retorted diet, suggesting that these novel protein sources might be adequate alternative ingredients in feline diets.
A new genus and new species of potamid crab from Yunnan, southern China (Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae: Potamiscinae)
Authors: Shi Bo-Yang , Pan Da , Sun Hong-Ying 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A new genus and new species of freshwater crab, Barbamon zhouigen. nov., sp. nov., belonging to the subfamily Potamiscinae Bott, 1970 (Potamidae Ortmann, 1896) is described from Wenshan Zhuangzu and Miaozu Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. The new genus is established based on a unique combination of characters, including the distinctive shape of the male first gonopod, and the setose ventral surface of the third maxilliped, suborbital and pterygostomial regions, and ambulatory legs. Barbamongen. nov. is similar in external appearance to AbormonMitra, Pati & Ng, 2021. The new genus, however, is distinctive in the combination of characters related to the carapace, third maxilliped, and male first gonopod. Molecular phylogenetic data derived from mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences provides genetic support for the new genus and species.
Habitat suitability modelling of primary burrowing crayfishes, with a new state record for Procambarus liberorum Fitzpatrick, 1978 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Cambaridae)
Authors: Bloomer Caitlin C , Taylor Christopher A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Distributional surveys of primary burrowing crayfishes have historically been limited due to the challenge of finding and excavating burrows. Habitat suitability models (HSMs) have proven useful in explaining distributional patterns of many species, including crayfish. We used Maxent-derived HSMs to examine potential expansion of the known range of the Osage burrowing crayfish, Procambarus liberorumFitzpatrick 1978. We document the first record of P. liberorum in Missouri, extending its known range 54.2 km north. During modelling we encountered inaccurate GPS coordinates and difficulties with characterizing roadside ditch habitats from coarse urban land cover classifications. We discuss these limitations and highlight considerations for future modelling of primary burrowing crayfish.
Regulating Trade in Forest-Risk Commodities: Two Cheers for the European Union
Authors: Marín Durán Gracia , Scott Joanne 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The European Union (EU) is a major importer of forest-risk commodities (FRCs) and thereby bears significant responsibility for the dangerous trend of global deforestation and forest degradation. On 17 November 2021, the European Commission took a courageous first step towards reducing the EU’s global deforestation footprint, by putting forward a legislative proposal to regulate trade in FRCs. The article analyses this proposal and explains why we consider it to be necessary and justified. Although we identify some important shortcomings in the proposal, particularly in relation to the protection of land tenure rights, we argue that the EU has a moral responsibility to avoid being complicit in the destruction of forests worldwide. We also suggest that the proposed regulation needs to be better designed to be compatible with the law of the World Trade Organisation (WTO), and notably with regards to its country benchmarking system and cooperation with affected exporting countries.
The Illegitimacy of Joint Statement Initiatives and Their Systemic Implications for the WTO
Authors: Kelsey Jane 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
The launch of ‘Joint Statement Initiatives’ (JSI) on electronic commerce, investment facilitation, and domestic regulation of services by groups of mainly developed country members in 2017 aimed to reinvigorate the World Trade Organization’s negotiating arm. These plurilateral negotiations to produce new rules that might be applied on a most-favoured-nation basis have been justified with a pragmatic blend of political, ideological, and legal arguments. This strategy directly challenges the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) core tenets of multilateralism, Member-driven consensus decision-making, and special and differential treatment, and sidelines the WTO’s role to mandate negotiations and its established bodies. Developing countries have challenged the systemic implications of JSIs for their ability to advance their own priorities, as was promised when the WTO was established. This article shows why JSIs lack legal legitimacy and their adverse systemic implications with reference to the WTO’s founding principles and its legal rules. It finds the justifications for JSIs rely on tenuous interpretations of WTO rules and the preferred mode of implementation involves a misuse of trade in services schedules. It warns that the precedent set by these JSIs would license future rule making by self-selecting groups of Members on a potentially limitless range of matters and deepen existing fissures within the troubled WTO.
A novel method for anomaly detection using beta Hebbian learning and principal component analysis
Authors: Zayas-Gato Francisco , Michelena Álvaro , Quintián Héctor , Jove Esteban , Casteleiro-Roca José-Luis , Leitão Paulo , Luis Calvo-Rolle José 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this research work a novel two-step system for anomaly detection is presented and tested over several real datasets. In the first step the novel Exploratory Projection Pursuit, Beta Hebbian Learning algorithm, is applied over each dataset, either to reduce the dimensionality of the original dataset or to face nonlinear datasets by generating a new subspace of the original dataset with lower, or even higher, dimensionality selecting the right activation function. Finally, in the second step Principal Component Analysis anomaly detection is applied to the new subspace to detect the anomalies and improve its classification capabilities. This new approach has been tested over several different real datasets, in terms of number of variables, number of samples and number of anomalies. In almost all cases, the novel approach obtained better results in terms of area under the curve with similar standard deviation values. In case of computational cost, this improvement is only remarkable when complexity of the dataset in terms of number of variables is high.
Toward complex observation in electron microscopy using two-dimensional electron detector coupled with phase plate STEM
Authors: Tsubouchi Misaki , Minoda Hiroki 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A two-dimensional (2D) detector was used to construct phase plate STEM (P-STEM) images. Phase-contrast can be enhanced by the electron intensity inside the hole region of a thin film phase plate. The electron intensity outside the hole region also provides a dark image contrast, which is inconsistent with the weak phase object approximation. We consider that both images have scattering effects that provide a dark contrast. Therefore, scattering contrast was derived by summing these two images, and scattering effects were subtracted from each image to display negative and positive phase contrast. The resultant images are consistent with the weak phase object approximation. These results propose separating scattering (electron amplitude) and phase-contrast (electron phase) using P-STEM, along with a two-dimensional electron detector.