bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Second chance hiring: exploring consumer perception of employers who hire individuals with criminal histories
Authors: Young Nicole , Keech Jessica 
Published: June 2022

PurposeMany employers express concern over consumer response to employees with criminal histories. However, consumers' responses may be less negative than employers assume. The authors examine consumers' response to organizations that hire employees with criminal histories.Design/methodology/approachThe authors surveyed participants randomly assigned to one of two conditions: purchasing services from an employer that hires individuals with criminal histories or from an employer whose inclination to hire individuals with criminal histories is unknown. The authors considered four service providers, among which the length of customers' time and involvement with employees varies: a grocery store, restaurant, auto-repair shop, and hotel.FindingsParticipants were no more or less likely to patronize the restaurant, the repair shop, or the grocery store that hired individuals with criminal histories, and no more or less likely to alter their willingness to pay for these services. Consumers were less likely to stay at a hotel that hired employees with criminal histories, but this difference was mitigated when customers were provided with an explanation of the benefits of hiring individuals with criminal histories.Research limitations/implicationsThis study highlights the need for further research on perceptions that limit hiring of individuals with criminal histories and other similarly marginalized populations.Practical implicationsThis research addresses a common justification – consumer concern – for not hiring individuals with criminal histories.Social implicationsIncreased employment improves individual outcomes, such as access to stable housing and food, as well as larger outcomes, such as public safety.Originality/valueThis paper highlights a population often marginalized in the hiring process. The findings challenge a common justification for not hiring individuals with criminal histories.
Rewetting prolongs root growing season in minerotrophic peatlands and mitigates negative drought effects
Authors: Schwieger Sarah , Kreyling Juergen , Peters Bo , Gillert Alexander , Freiherr von Lukas Uwe , Jurasinski Gerald , Köhn Daniel , Blume‐Werry Gesche 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Root phenology influences the timing of plant resource acquisition and carbon fluxes into the soil. This is particularly important in fen peatlands, in which peat is primarily formed by roots and rhizomes of vascular plants. However, most fens in Central Europe are drained for agriculture, leading to large carbon losses, and further threatened by increasing frequency and intensity of droughts. Rewetting fens aims to restore the original carbon sink, but how root phenology is affected by drainage and rewetting is largely unknown.

We monitored root phenology with minirhizotrons in drained and rewetted fens (alder forest, percolation fen and coastal fen) as well as its soil temperature and water table depth during the 2018 drought. For each fen type, we studied a drained site and a site that was rewetted ~25 years ago, while all the sites studied had been drained for almost a century.

Overall, the growing season was longer with rewetting, allowing roots to grow over a longer period in the year and have a higher root production than under drainage. With increasing depth, the growing season shifted to later in time but remained a similar length, and the relative importance of soil temperature for root length changes increased with soil depth.

Synthesis and applications. Rewetting extended the growing season of roots, highlighting the importance of phenology in explaining root productivity in peatlands. A longer growing season allows a longer period of carbon sequestration in form of root biomass and promotes the peatlands' carbon sink function, especially through longer growth in deep soil layers. Thus, management practices that focus on rewetting peatland ecosystems are necessary to maintain their function as carbon sinks, particularly under drought conditions, and are a top priority to reduce carbon emissions and address climate change.
The OpenFeeder: A flexible automated RFID feeder to measure interspecies and intraspecies differences in cognitive and behavioural performance in wild birds
Authors: Cauchoix Maxime , Barragan Jason Gladys , Biganzoli Arnauld , Briot Jérôme , Guiraud Vincent , El Ksabi Nory , Lieuré David , Morand‐Ferron Julie , Chaine Alexis S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Understanding the ecology and evolution of personality and cognition requires the development of new tools to measure individual and species differences in behavioural and cognitive performances in wild populations. Furthermore, such tools should facilitate collection of large sample sizes, evaluate the repeatability of measured traits and allow direct comparison of species performances across a variety of behavioural tasks.

Here we present a RFID‐based feeder (OpenFeeder) designed to run visual cognitive tasks in wild animals. We illustrate the flexibility of the tool showing performances of three wild passerine species (Parus major, Cyanistes caeruleus and Poecile palustris) in an associative learning task.

We recorded performances of a large number of individuals (>300) in the wild and showed both interspecific and intraspecific differences in associative learning. We also found moderate to high repeatability in individual differences in associative learning in each species.

We show that the OpenFeeder is a flexible tool to record performance in multiple cognitive and behavioural tasks in free‐ranging animals across a variety of passerine species. The design, firmware and software are open source to facilitate use in a wide variety of species and thus allow continuous improvement of the system and development of new behavioural and cognitive tasks. In doing so, we hope that this tool will be used by a large community of cognitive ecologists and comparative psychologists for both within and across species studies. Furthermore, our system should facilitate replication of results across populations along large‐scale environmental gradients to improve our understanding of the role ecology plays in the evolution of cognitive traits.
Subsequent drought and re‐watering events cause a shift in productivity and nutritive value of alfalfa and hybrid fescue plant
Authors: Kacienė Giedrė , Miškelytėc Diana , Dikšaitytė Austra , Januškaitienė Irena , Sujetovienė Gintarė , Žaltauskaitė Jūratė , Praspaliauskas Marius , Juknys Romualdas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGlobal climate change leads to increasing frequency of droughts, threatening the productivity and quality of forage plants. Therefore, this glasshouse experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of reoccurring droughts on productivity and nutritive value of alfalfa and hybrid fescue plants. Starting from 63 days after sowing, seedlings of plants were exposed to double drought‐recovery treatments, each separate period lasting for 1 week. At the end of each treatment, growth of above‐ and below‐ground dry weight, lipid peroxidation, total antioxidative capacity, content of polyphenols, soluble and insoluble carbohydrates and proteins, as well as elemental composition of shoots were investigated. The findings confirmed our hypothesis, as growth of both plant species were mostly insignificantly affected by subsequent drought events. Whereas effect on leave redox homeostasis and plant nutritive value was much stronger, highly depending on both plant species and the order of stress event. We found significant drought‐induced increase in the content of water‐soluble carbohydrates (WSCs), starch, soluble and insoluble proteins, and polyphenols. Water shortage tended to decrease and increase the content of most macro‐ and microelements in alfalfa and fescue, respectively. These effects were reversed by re‐watering with several exceptions, such as constant reduction of Ca content in alfalfa. To conclude, alfalfa was found to be more sensitive than fescue to the first drought, but able to recover after both stress events. The second drought‐initiated prolonged accumulation of WSC implies a shift in plants metabolism towards increased resistance and herewith nutritive value with respect to soluble sugars.
Tricuspid regurgitation in His bundle pacing: A systematic review
Authors: Zaidi Syed Muhammad Jawad , Sohail Hasan , Satti Danish Iltaf , Sami Abdul , Anwar Mateen , Malik Jahanzeb , Mustafa Bilal , Mustafa Mohammad , Mehmoodi Amin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis systematic review aimed to explore an association of new TR and its quantification in patients undergoing His bundle pacing (HBP).MethodsA literature review was conducted using Mesh terms (His bundle pacing, tricuspid regurgitation, tricuspid valve incompetence, etc.) in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of science CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library till October 2021. Relevant studies evaluating tricuspid regurgitation in HBP were included and information regarding TR and its related factors (ejection fraction (EF) and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class) were retrieved from the eligible studies.ResultsOut of 196 articles, 10 studies met the inclusion criteria, which consisted of 546 patients with HBP. The mean age of the patients ranged between 61.2 ± 12.3 and 75.1 ± 7.9 years with 54.1% males. The overall implant success rate was 79.2%. Only one study reported a 5% incidence of TR, while 9 studies reported no new TR after HBP. Four studies reported overall decrease in TR by 1 grade and 3 studies demonstrated increased TR from baseline. Two studies showed no change from baseline TR.ConclusionHBP causes improvement in TR grade after HBP for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) as well as atrioventricular block (AVB). Further studies in the form of randomized controlled trials are required to further evaluate the effect of HBP on tricuspid valve functioning.
Minimally invasive, ‘en‐bloc’ seminal vesicle excision for locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma: surgical technique and short‐term outcomes
Authors: Desouza Ashwin , Kazi Mufaddal , Bankar Sanket , Pandey Diwakar , Janesh Murugan , Saklani Avanish 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundIsolated seminal vesicle invasion is a rare occurrence in patients with locally advanced rectal cancers. This study describes the surgical technique and the perioperative outcomes of minimally invasive ‘en‐bloc’ seminal vesicle excision, preserving the bladder and the prostate.MethodsA retrospective review of 23 consecutive patients who underwent minimally invasive, en‐bloc resection of seminal vesicles for locally advanced, non‐metastatic rectal adenocarcinoma between May 2016 and November 2021. Perioperative outcomes and short‐term oncological outcomes were defined.ResultsEighteen patients underwent a laparoscopic procedure while five received a robotic resection. All patients received preoperative radiation with or without consolidation chemotherapy. The median age was 42 years (range 20–64 years) and the median hospital stay was 8 days (range 3–19 days), respectively. Serious complications (Clavien–Dindo ≥ IIIb) were seen in six patients (26.1%). Two patients (8.7%) had an involved circumferential resection margin. At a median follow up of 19 months (range 2–52 months), four patients developed recurrences. The 2‐year overall and disease‐free survival was 84.4% and 73.6%, respectively.ConclusionMinimally invasive, en‐bloc resection of one or both seminal vesicles for locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma, is feasible in a select group of patients with acceptable morbidity and short‐term outcomes.
Maresin 1 intervention reverses experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension in mice
Authors: Li Hui , Li Xinyu , Hao Yu , Wu Chenghua , Fu Yuhao , Su Nana , Chen Houlin , Ying Binyu , Wang Haixing , Su Lihuang , Cai Haijian , He Qinlian , Cai Mengsi , Sun Junwei , Lin Jing , Scott Aaron , Smith Fanggao , Huang Xiaoying , Jin Shengwei 
Published: June 2022

Background and PurposePulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a pulmonary vasculature obstructive disease that leads to right heart failure and death. Maresin 1 is an endogenous lipid mediator known to promote inflammation resolution. However, the effect of Maresin 1 on PAH remains unclear.Experimental ApproachThe serum Maresin 1 concentration was assessed using UPLC. A mouse model of PAH was established by combining the Sugen 5416 injection and hypoxia exposure. After treatment with Maresin 1, the right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and right ventricular function were measured by haemodynamic measurement and echocardiography, respectively. Vascular remodelling was evaluated by histological staining. Confocal microscopy and western blot were used to test related protein expression. In vitro cell migration, proliferation and apoptosis assays were performed in primary rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Western blotting and siRNA transfection were used to clarify the mechanism of Maresin 1.Key ResultsEndogenous serum Maresin 1 was decreased in PAH patients and mice. Maresin 1 treatment decreased RVSP and attenuated right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) in the murine PAH model. Maresin 1 reversed abnormal changes in pulmonary vascular remodelling, attenuating endothelial to mesenchymal transformation and enhancing apoptosis of α‐SMA positive cells. Furthermore, Maresin 1 inhibited PASMC proliferation and promoted apoptosis by inhibiting STAT, AKT, ERK, and FoxO1 phosphorylation via LGR6.Conclusion and ImplicationsMaresin 1 improved abnormal pulmonary vascular remodelling and right ventricular dysfunction in PAH mice, targeting aberrant PASMC proliferation. This suggests Maresin 1 may have a potent therapeutic effect in vascular disease.
Efficacy of soft tissue substitutes, in comparison with autogenous grafts, in surgical procedures aiming to increase the peri‐implant keratinized mucosa: A systematic review
Authors: Montero Eduardo , Molina Ana , Matesanz Paula , Monje Alberto , Sanz‐Sánchez Ignacio , Herrera David 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of soft tissue substitutes compared to autogenous gingival grafts in surgical procedures aimed at increasing the width of keratinized mucosa (KM) around dental implants.Materials and MethodsTwo focused questions were developed: PICOS #1) “What is the efficacy of surgical procedures using soft tissue substitutes, as compared to autogenous grafts, to increase the amount of peri‐implant keratinized mucosa, in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs)?”; and PICOS #2) “What is the effectiveness of soft tissue substitutes to increase the amount of peri‐implant keratinized mucosa, in RCTs, CCTs, cohort studies or case series?”. Besides KM augmentation, other relevant outcomes such as clinical and radiographic peri‐implant outcomes, incidence of biological complications, surgical time, or patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) were collected. Meta‐analyses were performed whenever possible.ResultsTen publications and an unpublished study were included. KM augmentation was significantly greater for autogenous grafts (n = 6; weighted mean difference (WMD) = −0.9 mm; 95% confidence interval (CI) [−1.4; −0.3]; p = .001). However, no significant differences between autogenous grafts and soft tissue substitutes were observed when exclusively xenografts were considered (n = 5; WMD=−0.8 mm; 95% CI [−1.6; 0.0]; p = .062). Surgical time and postsurgical pain seemed to be reduced by the use of soft tissue substitutes.ConclusionsFree gingival grafts (FGG) are more effective in the augmentation of KM mucosa around dental implants than soft tissue substitutes. However, substitutes of xenogeneic origin may be an alternative to autogenous tissues.
Relationship between heart rate variability and performance in eccentric training with blood flow restriction
Authors: Santos Igor F. , Lemos Leonardo K. , Biral Taíse M. , de Cavina Allysiê P. S. , Pizzo Junior Eduardo , Teixeira Filho Carlos Alberto T. , Vendrame Julia Waszczuk , Vanderlei Franciele M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe resistance training with blood flow restriction (BFR) presents results in strength gain and muscle hypertrophy. However, there are no data that evaluate the long‐term adaptation of the autonomic nervous system and its influence on the performance, especially with eccentric contractions.ObjectiveTo perform a systematic autonomous monitoring during eccentric training with BFR at different loads and to correlate them with possible changes in the performanceMethodsThis is a 4‐arms, randomized controlled and single blind trial. Sixty men were randomized in four groups: low and high load eccentric exercise (LL and HL); LL and HL with BFR (LL‐BFR and HL‐BFR). The participants underwent 18 sessions of eccentric exercise for the dominant quadriceps femoris muscle in the isokinetic dynamometer. The performance (strength through isometric, concentric and eccentric peaks torque on the isokinetic dynamometer and Single‐leg Hop Test) was evaluated 1 week before, in the fourth week and 1 week after the end of the training programme. Heart rate variability (HRV) through vagal and global indices was evaluated daily for 15 min before each session.ResultsThere was a significant correlation between performance and HRV for LL and HL‐BFR groups, with an increase in parasympathetic indices in the first group and an increase in performance in the second group.ConclusionHRV indices are correlated with performance. However, in the LL group, there was an increase in parasympathetic indices without repercussions on performance while, in the HL‐BFR group, there was an increase in performance and no repercussion in the autonomic indices.
The ruling Islamism
Authors: Saad Mamado Mohamed 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDrawing on the cases of Iraq and Sudan, it can be argued that the mobilization of economic, cultural, and organizational resources along with the concentration of state resources have led to the radicalization of Islamist parties' positions and political discourse. The concentration of resources was an incentive to reward loyalists, support hard‐line discourse, and target opponents by excluding them from political competition. This situation has helped develop a secular and national protest movement that does not believe in the change through elections and political–legal tools, but rather through protest and, in some cases, violent confrontations. However, this secular trans‐sectarian national movement still lacks the ability to mobilize alternative political, economic, and leadership resources to present a coherent and counter a vision for the ruling Islamist parties.
Antiviral treatment with fluoxetine for rituximab‐associated chronic echovirus 13 meningoencephalitis and myofasciitis
Authors: Vermeersch Gaël , Laenen Lies , Lens Géraldine , van der Elst Kim C. M. , Thal Dietmar Rudolf , Jentjens Sander , Demaerel Philippe , Van Nieuwenhuyse Tine , Wollants Elke , Boeckx Nancy , Verhaert Nicolas , Dubois Benedicte , Kuppeveld Frank J. M. , Woei‐A‐Jin F. J. Sherida H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeEnterovirus infections pose a serious threat for patients with humoral deficiencies and may be lethal, whilst the efficacy of proposed treatment options such as corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulins and fluoxetine remains debated.MethodsViral clearance was investigated in a patient with rituximab‐induced B‐cell depletion and chronic echovirus 13 (E13) meningoencephalitis/myofasciitis in response to intravenous immunoglobulins and fluoxetine using sequential semi‐quantitative E13 viral load measurements by real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Fluoxetine concentrations in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid were determined by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.ResultsIntravenous immunoglobulins appeared ineffective in this case of E13 infection, whereas virus clearance in cerebrospinal fluid was obtained after 167 days of oral fluoxetine. Since treatment with corticosteroids resulted in a flare of symptoms, rechallenge with viral load measurements was not attempted.ConclusionIn this report of a patient with rituximab‐associated chronic echovirus 13 meningoencephalitis, viral clearance in response to single treatment options is assessed for the first time. Our observations further support the in vivo efficacy of fluoxetine against enteroviral infections. More research is needed to establish its efficacy in different enterovirus strains.
Out‐of‐pocket expenditures, catastrophic household finances, and quality of life among hemodialysis patients in Kerala, India
Authors: Valsa Jose Josephine , Susan George Jyothi , Joseph Rajesh , Arun Thomas E. T. , Philip John Geo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionKidney replacement therapy in chronic kidney disease patients can result in catastrophic health costs, pushing them into poverty in lower middle‐income countries. There are only limited studies from India focusing on the financial hardship of these patients. Data on direct nonmedical and indirect cost of hemodialysis (HD) are also limited. This study aims to find the different components of cost for HD and its association with quality of life (QOL) among HD patients.MethodsPrimary objective was to find the cost of HD, which include direct medical, direct nonmedical and indirect cost. Secondary objective was to study whether the ratio of out‐of‐pocket (OOP) payments for HD to household income can affect the QOL. The QOL was assessed using EQ‐5D‐5L instrument. Catastrophic health care expenditure was defined as OOP health care expenditure exceeding 40% of the household income and distress financing as borrowing money or selling assets to meet the OOP expenditure for treatment.FindingsOf the 152 patients enrolled for the study, 103 (67.8%) were males. Mean age was 60.9 ± 12.5 years. Monthly OOP expenditure for dialysis was USD 478.4 (362.6–663.6) of which direct nonmedical and indirect expenses constitute USD 115.6 (88.4–292.4). Median percentage of household income spent for dialysis was 194.5 (IQR 128–297). One hundred and forty‐two (93.4%) had catastrophic healthcare expenditure and 76 (50%) had distressing health care expenditure. On multivariable linear regression, proportion of total household income spend for dialysis was associated with poor QOL in patients undergoing HD; coefficient = −0.04 (95% CI −0.008 − 0.092), p = 0.039.DiscussionNonmedical direct and indirect cost is substantial among patients undergoing HD. Nine of 10 patients had catastrophic health care expenditure, which pushed 50% of the patients to distress financing.