bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of water and electron collisions in the rotational excitation of HF in comets
Authors: Loreau J , Faure A , Lique F 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
We present the first set of rate coefficients for the rotational excitation of the 7 lowest levels of hydrogen fluoride (HF) induced by collision with water molecules, the dominant collider in cometary comas, in the 5–150 K temperature range. The calculations are performed with a quantum statistical approach from an accurate rigid rotor ab initio interaction potential. Rate coefficients for excitation of HF by electron-impact are also computed, within the Born approximation, in the 10–10 000 K temperature range. These rate coefficients are then used in a simple non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) model of a cometary coma that also includes solar radiative pumping and radiative decay. We investigate the range of H2O densities that lead to non-LTE populations of the rotational levels of HF. We show that to describe the excitation of HF in comets, considering collisions with both water molecules and electrons is needed as a result of the large dipole of HF.
Approximate Bayesian Computation applied to the Diffuse Gamma-Ray Sky
Authors: Baxter Eric J , Christy J G , Kumar Jason 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Many sources contribute to the diffuse gamma-ray background (DGRB), including star forming galaxies, active galactic nuclei, and cosmic ray interactions in the Milky Way. Exotic sources, such as dark matter annihilation, may also make some contribution. The photon counts-in-pixels distribution is a powerful tool for analysing the DGRB and determining the relative contributions of different sources. However, including photon energy information in a likelihood analysis of the counts-in-pixels distribution quickly becomes computationally intractable as the number of source types and energy bins increase. Here, we apply the likelihood-free method of approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) to the problem. We consider a mock analysis that includes contributions from dark matter annihilation in Galactic subhaloes as well as astrophysical backgrounds. We show that our results using ABC are consistent with the exact likelihood when energy information is discarded, and that significantly tighter parameter constraints can be obtained with ABC when energy information is included. ABC presents a powerful tool for analysing the DGRB and understanding its varied origins.
Effect of culture depth on the shell thickness of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis: a practical case study comparing direct and indirect methods of measurement
Authors: Gallardi Daria , Murray Harry M 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Mytilus species have a fundamental role in coastal environments and constitute an important aquaculture resource. Their shell has a protective function and is affected by multiple factors, such as the size of the animal, density, environmental characteristics and presence of predators. It is crucial to accurately estimate shell thickness in order to understand the effects of the ever-changing environment on mussel physiology, morphology and ecology. This study compares a newly developed direct method for measuring shell thickness, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and a widely used indirect method (shell thickness index, STI), in the context of a practical case study of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis. In this study, STI did not appear as highly correlated to direct thickness measurement as in previous studies. This study also showed a weaker relationship between measured shell length and STI. In the case study, assessing the effect of culture depth on M. edulis growth and condition, STI showed a significant variation with depth, while SEM measured thickness did not. Therefore, the choice to use STI vs direct measurement of shell thickness drastically changed the results and interpretation of the case study. This work highlights the importance of a carefully designed method for measuring shell thickness and emphasizes that, before application, indirect methods should be quality controlled for the population studied. However, when high precision is needed for shell thickness measurements the application of SEM-based techniques may be necessary. This is the first study where SEM-based techniques have been used to measure shell thickness in M. edulis.
Enhancing the interfacial binding strength between modular stretchable electronic components
Authors: Ji Shaobo , Chen Xiaodong 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Stretchable electronics are emerging for personalized and decentralized clinics, wearable devices and human–machine interactions. Nowadays, separated stretchable functional parts have been well developed and are approaching practical usage. However, the production of whole stretchable devices with full functions still faces a huge challenge: the integration of different components, which was hindered by the mechanical mismatch and stress/strain concentration at the connection interfaces. To avoid connection failure in stretchable devices, a new research focus is to improve the interfacial binding strength between different components. In this review, recent developments to enhance interfacial strength in wearable/implantable electronics are introduced and catalogued into three major strategies: (i) covalent bonding between different device parts, (ii) molecular interpenetration or mechanical interlocking at the interfaces and (iii) covalent connection between the human body and devices. Besides reviewing current methods, we also discuss the existing challenges and possible improvements for stretchable devices from the aspect of interfacial connections.
Efficacy and Safety of Plazomicin in the Treatment of Enterobacterales Infections: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Yan Kaicheng , Liang Beibei , Zhang Guanxuanzi , Wang Jin , Zhu Man , Cai Yun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
In the present study, we aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of plazomicin with comparators for the treatment of Enterobacterales infections.

Methods
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing plazomicin for Enterobacterales infections were searched on the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Meta-analyses were used to evaluate the efficacy and safety in RCTs.

Results
A total of 3 RCTs consisting of 761 patients were included in the present analysis. The study population included complex urinary tract infections (cUTIs), bloodstream infections (BSIs), and hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP). Plazomicin had a clinical remission rate in the modified intention-to-treat (MITT) population that was similar to that of comparators (odds ratio [OR], 1.02; 95% CI, 0.60–1.73; I2 = 45%) in the pooled analysis of the 3 studies. The overall microbiologic eradication rate in the microbiological MITT (mMITT) population was similar to that of the comparators group (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 0.72–2.95; I2 = 0%). However, the microbiologic recurrence rate of plazomicin for Enterobacterales was lower than that in the comparators group (OR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.17–0.86; P = .02; I2 = 0%). No signiﬁcant differences were found between plazomicin and comparators for the risk of any adverse events (OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.55–1.11; I2 = 0%).

Conclusions
Plazomicin is as good as comparators in terms of efficacy and tolerance in the treatment of Enterobacterales infections. Therefore, plazomicin is a suitable choice for antibiotic treatment in adult patients with cUTIs, BSIs, or HAP.
SARS-CoV-2 Surface Swabs in Locations With Public Access—Potential for Improved Source Control
Authors: Nielsen Jacob P S , Madsen Johannes R , Fogh Kamille , Mikkelsen Emma H , Wolsk Emil , Kirkby Nikolai S , Bundgaard Henning , Iversen Kasper 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on surfaces at public locations has been minimally described. By swab testing, we investigated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 on surfaces in public locations during the pandemic in February 2022. The viability of SARS-CoV-2 was not tested. Almost 25% of surfaces were positive for SARS-CoV-2; this was most pronounced in supermarkets.
Comprehensive Genomic Profiling of Cell-Free DNA in Men With Advanced Prostate Cancer: Differences in Genomic Landscape Based on Race
Authors: Zimmerman Raquel , Bilen Mehmet A , Heath Elisabeth I , Nandagopal Lakshminarayanan , Swami Umang , Kessel Adam , Jaeger Ellen , Wesolowski Sergiusz , Hernanadez Edgar J , Chipman Jonathan , Mack Alleda , Ravindranathan Deepak , Maughan Benjamin L , Nussenzveig Roberto , Yandell Mark , Kohli Manish , Lilly Michael B , Sartor A Oliver , Agarwal Neeraj , Barata Pedro C 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Advanced prostate cancer (aPC) in Black men was reported to present with aggressive features and to be associated with poor prognosis. Herein, we compared the cell-free DNA (cfDNA) genomic landscape of aPC in Black vs White men. Patients (pts) with aPC from 6 academic institutions and available cfDNA comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) were included. Association between mutated genes and race was evaluated using Barnard’s test and a Probabilistic Graphical Model (PGM) machine learning approach. Analysis included 743 aPC pts (217 Black, 526 White) with available cfDNA CGP. The frequency of alterations in the androgen receptor gene was significantly higher in Black vs White men (55.3% vs 35% respectively, P &lt; .001). Additionally, alterations in EGFR, MYC, FGFR1, and CTNNB1 were present at higher frequencies in Black men. PGM analysis and Barnard’s test were concordant. Findings from the largest cohort of Black men with aPC undergoing cfDNA CGP may guide further drug development in these men.
Articulating Grounded Theory Methodology for Public and Nonprofit Administration Scholars and Practitioners
Authors: Hafer Joseph A , Kitchens Jessica 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Grounded theory as a term and as a methodology has received increasing attention from public administration scholars since the mid-2000s. Unfortunately, the application of grounded theory methodology across social science research—including public and nonprofit administration—is often shrouded in vagueness; however, rigorously conducted grounded theory research, particularly classic ground theory, holds great potential to develop theory that is relevant to practice. This article seeks to provide clarity on grounded theory methodology by detailing it through the lens of classic grounded theory methodology (i.e., the foundational methodology). Additionally, the authors examine the interpretation and application of grounded theory methodology through a conceptual content analysis of top public administration journals. The analysis reveals scholars either do not have a clear understanding of grounded theory methodology or needs to improve their reporting of such, as the theory development process is not clearly reported. Insight on directions forward to improve the rigor of grounded theory research in the field is offered, including adhering to established methodology.
Association of sleep abnormalities in older adults with risk of developing Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Otaiku Abidemi I 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Study Objectives
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with abnormalities of sleep macro- and microstructure as measured using polysomnography (PSG). Whether these abnormalities precede the development of PD is unknown. This study investigated the association between PSG measured sleep abnormalities in older adults and the risk of incident PD.

Methods
A total of 2,770 men from the ancillary sleep study of the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study (MrOS), a population-based cohort from the United States, who were free from PD baseline and underwent overnight PSG, were included in this longitudinal analysis. Incident PD was based on a clinical diagnosis from a medical professional. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) for incident PD by quartiles of PSG measures, with adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, medical comorbidities, and lifestyle factors.

Results
During a median follow-up of 9.8 years, 70 (2.5%) cases of incident PD were identified. Longer total sleep time, lower rapid eye movement sleep (REM) percentage, a lower α/θ ratio during non-REM sleep and higher minimum oxygen saturations during REM sleep, were each associated with an increased risk of developing PD. Conversely, a higher awakening index was associated with a decreased risk of developing PD. The OR for the highest risk quartiles compared to the lowest risk quartiles, ranged from 2.1 to 3.7 (p’s &lt; .05). The associations remained significant when cases occurring within the first two years of follow-up were excluded from the analyses.

Conclusions
Macro- and micro-structural sleep abnormalities precede the development of PD by several years and can identify individuals at high risk of developing PD in the future.
Use of fixed calcium to phosphorus ratios in experimental diets may create bias in phytase efficacy responses in swine
Authors: Zhai Hengxiao , Bergstrom Jon R , Zhang Jingcheng , Dong Wei , Wang Zhenzhen , Stamatopoulos Kostas , Cowieson Aaron J 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of two dietary total Ca/P ratios on available P release by phytase, measured using growth performance and bone mineralization with 528 barrows and gilts according to a randomized complete block design. Three were 11 diets in a factorial of 2 by 4 plus 3, including 3 reference diets consisting of 0.25% (control), 0.70%, or 1.15% monocalcium phosphate (MCP) and 8 diets from combining 4 phytase doses (500, 1,000, 2,000, and 3,000 FYT/kg) with 0.25% MCP and 2 dietary Ca/P ratios (1.05 and 1.20). Each diet was fed to 6 pens of 8 pigs. All diets contained 3 g/kg TiO2, and fecal samples were collected from each pen on d 13–15 of trial. At the end of trial, one pig per pen was sacrificed to collect a tibia and urine in the bladder. The results showed that MCP improved growth performance linearly (P &lt; 0.01), whereas both a linear and quadratic response was observed with the addition of phytase. The MCP increased the percent bone ash and weights of bone ash, Ca, and P linearly (P &lt; 0.01). At both Ca/P ratios, increasing supplementation of phytase increased the percent bone ash and weights of bone ash, Ca, and P both linearly and quadratically (P &lt; 0.05). Both MCP and phytase significantly increased digestibility of Ca and P as well as digestible Ca and P in diets and reduced the digestible Ca/P ratio. The dietary Ca/P ratio of 1.20 resulted in poorer feed utilization efficiency, more digestible Ca, greater percent bone ash, Ca, and P and heavier weights of bone Ca and P than the ratio of 1.05 (P &lt; 0.05). The ratio of 1.20 elicited numerically higher available P release values from phytase, with percent bone ash and bone P weight as the response variables, but significantly lower values with gain:feed. The urinary concentration of Ca increased linearly (P &lt; 0.01) with increasing digestible Ca/P ratios whilst urinary concentration of P decreased quadratically (P &lt; 0.01). In conclusion, fixing the same total Ca/total P ratio in diets supplemented with increasing phytase dosing created an imbalance of digestible Ca and P, which could have an adverse effect on bone mineralization and thus compromise the phytase efficacy relative to mineral P.
Development of a Wellness Program for Nursing Students During the Pandemic
Authors: Franco Hollis , Veesart Amanda , Chapman Karla 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Nursing students’ significant physical and emotional stress levels have been a recent topic in nursing education, amplifying wellness concerns among faculty and nursing schools. A solution is to implement a wellness program. Wellness programs can benefit the future of the nursing workforce by giving students the ability to cope with stressful situations. This article describes the implementation of a wellness program in a large nursing school during the worldwide pandemic.
Factors Associated With Rebound Pain After Patient-controlled Epidural Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Kwon Hyun-Jung , Kim Yeon Ju , Lee Dokyeong , Lee Dongreul , Kim Dongseok , Cho Hakmoo , Kim Doo-Hwan , Lee Jong-Hyuk , Jeong Sung-Moon 
Published: August 2022

Objectives:
Although patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) is an effective form of regional analgesia for abdominal surgery, some patients experience significant rebound pain after the discontinuation of PCEA. However, risk factors for rebound pain associated with PCEA in major abdominal surgery remain unknown. This study evaluated the incidence of rebound pain related to PCEA and explored potential associated risk factors.

Materials and Methods:
We performed a retrospective review of 236 patients using PCEA following hepatobiliary and pancreas surgery between 2018 and 2020 in a tertiary hospital in South Korea. Rebound pain was defined as an increase from well-controlled pain (numeric rating scale <4) during epidural analgesia to severe pain (numeric rating scale ≥7) within 24 hours of discontinuation of PCEA. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with rebound pain.

Results:
Patients were categorized into the nonrebound pain group (170 patients; 72%) and the rebound pain group (66 patients; 28%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that preoperative prognostic nutritional index below 45 (odds ratio=2.080, 95% confidential interval=1.061-4.079, P=0.033) and intraoperative transfusion (odds ratio=4.190, 95% confidential interval=1.436-12.226, P=0.009) were independently associated with rebound pain after PCEA discontinuation.

Discussion:
Rebound pain after PCEA occurred in ~30% of patients who underwent major abdominal surgery, resulting in insufficient postoperative pain management. Preoperative low prognostic nutritional index and intraoperative transfusion may be associated with rebound pain after PCEA discontinuation.
Encourage, Assess, Transition (EAT)
Authors: Swanson Nellie Munn , Elgersma Kristin M. , McKechnie Anne Chevalier , McPherson Patricia L. , Bergeron Mark J. , Sommerness Samantha A. , Friedrich Cheri L. , Spatz Diane L. 
Published: August 2022

Background:
The opportunity to establish a direct breastfeeding (DBF) relationship with a preterm infant, if desired by the mother or lactating parent, is a known driver of positive healthcare experiences. Preterm birth is an independent risk factor for early human milk (HM) cessation, and DBF at the first oral meal promotes continued DBF during hospitalization and HM duration beyond discharge. While the Spatz 10-step model for protecting and promoting HM and breastfeeding in vulnerable infants provides best practices, lack of standardized implementation results in missed opportunities to meet parents' DBF goals.

Purpose:
To standardize clinical practices to increase DBF at the first oral meal, total DBF meals during hospitalization, and use of test weighing to measure milk transfer for preterm infants.

Methods:
Quality improvement methods were used to develop and implement Encourage, Assess, Transition (EAT): a DBF protocol for infants less than 37 weeks gestation at birth, in a level II neonatal intensive care unit.

Results:
Thirty-eight (45%) infants from 27.7 to 36.7 weeks of gestation initiated the protocol. The proportion of infants' DBF at first oral meal increased from 22% to 54%; mean DBF meals during hospitalization increased from 13.3 to 20.3; and use of test weighing increased by 166%.

Implications for Practice and Research:
Standardizing DBF practices with the EAT protocol increased DBF during hospitalization—a known driver of patient experience—and HM duration beyond discharge, in hospitalized preterm infants. Researchers should validate the reported benefits of EAT (increased DBF during hospitalization, use of test weighing, and improved patient experience), methods to promote passive dissemination of evidence, and sustain change.

Video abstract available at:

https://journals.lww.com/advancesinneonatalcare/pages/video.aspx?v=61.
Psychological Attachment Orientation and Long-Term Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Among Family Members of ICU Patients
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Knies Andrea K. , Pach Jolanta , Kimbrough Tara , Martinez Aida , Juthani Prerak , Tu Stephanie , Monin Joan K. , Vranceanu Ana-Maria , Hwang David Y. 
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVES:
To determine the degree to which an ICU patient’s family member having an “anxious” psychologic attachment orientation is a risk factor for developing long-term posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms following patient ICU discharge or death.

DESIGN:
Prospective cohort study.

SETTING:
Single academic neuroscience ICU from November 2017 to September 2020.

PARTICIPANTS:
Consecutively enrolled sample of family members, one for each ICU patient with a minimum length of stay of 24 hours.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Near time of ICU discharge or patient death, we determined each participant’s psychologic attachment orientation as anxious versus nonanxious via a brief standard survey tool, the Relationship Questionnaire, and measured other participant and patient characteristics as potential covariates. Six months after discharge or death, each participant completed the Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R) to measure PTSD symptoms, with a score of greater than 24 indicative of clinically significant symptoms. Among 162 total participants, 10 of 27 participants (37.0%) with an anxious attachment orientation reported 6-month PTSD symptoms, compared with 24 of 135 nonanxious participants (17.8%) (relative risk, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.13–3.84; p = 0.02; risk difference 19.2%). In a subsequent univariate analysis of participant and patient covariates, anxious attachment orientation, participant Hispanic ethnicity, prior experience as a care partner of a patient with a disability, and participation in 3 or more formal ICU family meetings were all associated with 6-month PTSD symptoms. In a multiple logistic regression, anxious attachment remained an independent predictor of 6-month PTSD symptoms (odds ratio [OR], 3.64; 95% CI, 1.35–9.77; p = 0.01), as did Hispanic ethnicity (OR, 4.72; 95% CI, 1.34–16.6; p = 0.01) and participation in three or more ICU family meetings (odds ratio, 2.97; 95% CI, 1.14–7.68; p = 0.02).

CONCLUSIONS:
An anxious psychologic attachment orientation is associated with double the risk of long-term PTSD symptoms among family members of ICU patients. Future interventions designed to decrease risk of adverse psychologic outcomes among ICU families could be initially tested for efficacy amongst those who fall into this high-risk category.