bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotional regulation and attachment in adolescents with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Khaustova O. , Sak L. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe aim of the present study was to investigate emotional regulation and attachment in adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN).ObjectivesAnorexia Nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder (ED) characterized by self-starvation driving by weight, shape, and eating concerns and extreme dread of food, eating, and normal body weight. Dysfunctional emotional processing and regulation play an important role in the development and maintenance of eating disorders (EDs). Difficulties with emotional awareness and regulation in EDs are hypothesized to have their origins in childhood attachment.MethodsThe study population (N=20) consists of two research groups of patients with AN (group A) and general population controls (group B), matched for gender and age. The age of patients was 12-18 years. All adolescents were female. This study examined the attachment states of mind, assessed by the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI), and emotion regulation difficulties, measured by the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS).ResultsGroup A reported significantly higher attachment insecurity (82% vs 50%) than group B. Group A show higher DERS total (nonacceptance, goals, and impulsivity scores) than group B.ConclusionsStudy results show a crucial role of attachment insecurity and emotional dysregulation in the development and maintenance of AN. Developing interventions to improve emotional management skills in the treatment of patients with AN can be an important component in improving treatment outcomes.
The effect of eight yoga sessions on interoceptive accuracy, confidence and awareness in a sample of patients with eating disorder: A preliminary study
Authors: Nisticò V. , Boido G. , Bertelli S. , Anselmetti S. , Ischia M. , Priori A. , Gambini O. , Demartini B. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionPrevious research from our group showed that, after a single yoga class, Interoceptive Accuracy (IAc), tested through the Heartbeat Counting Task, improved in a group of Healthy Controls (HC), but not in a group of patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN).ObjectivesTo evaluate three levels of interoception (accuracy, confidence (IC) and awareness (IAw)) before and after eight sessions of Yoga in a sample of patients with Eating Disorders (ED: AN, Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and Binge Eating Disorder (BED)).Methods15 patients with ED were included. Before the first yoga session (T0) and 72 hours after the last session (T1), participants underwent: (i) the Heartbeat Counting Task for the evaluation of IAc, IC and IAw; (ii) a psychometric assessment evaluating depression, anxiety, body awareness, alexithymia, self-objectification and eating disorders symptomatology.ResultsAt T1, ED patients’ IAc appeared higher than at T0, but not IC and IAw. A trend towards significance (p = 0.055) emerged for the interaction effect between IAc and diagnosis, with BED patients having a higher increase of IAc at T1 than AN and BN patients. Significant correlations between IAc and Alexithymia, Anxiety and Depression emerged at T0, but were not maintained at T1.ConclusionsAfter a program of eight Yoga sessions, IAc in ED patients (but not IC and IAw) increases, especially in BED patients. Moreover, the improvement of IAc following the yoga course seems to be unrelated to the course of depressive, anxious and alexithymic symptoms of ED patients.
The use of yoga and mindfulness within an eating disorders population: Results of a scoping review
Authors: Dontigny F. , Debreucker C. , Therrien E. , Monthuy-Blanc J. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionEating disorders (ED) are characterized by perturbed eating habits or behaviors (APA, 2013). Even if treatments are available, they need to be more adapted to ED (Monthuy-Blanc, 2018). A complementary approach as yoga or mindfulness demonstrated positive effects with ED, such as an augmentation of mindfulness while eating (Rachel, Ivanka, Amanda, & Carlene, 2013), a better body satisfaction (Beccia, Dunlap, Hanes, Courneene, & Zwickey, 2018; Neumark-Sztainer, MacLehose, Watts, Pacanowski, & Eisenberg, 2018) and less preoccupation with food (Carei, Fyfe-Johnson, Breuner, & Brown, 2010). As the effects of yoga and mindfulness vary between the different ED and different uses, it is difficult to generalize the results obtained about the efficacy of yoga or mindfulness with ED.ObjectivesA scoping review is actually done to map the evidence about the use (length, intensity, frequency) of yoga and mindfulness among ED and their effects.MethodsThe realization of the scoping review is based on the Joanna Briggs Institute Methodological Framework(Peters, Godfrey, McInerney, Baldini Soares, Khalil, & Parker, 2017). Research will be done in the following databases: CINAHL, PsycInfo, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, EBM Reviews/Cochrane. Different types of papers are going to be included and a content analysis is going to be done among the extracted data.ResultsPreliminary results of the scoping review are going to be presented.ConclusionsAmong the different treatments used with ED, yoga and mindfulness have demonstrated positive effects. These approaches as part of integrative health are helpful to improve physical and mental health of individuals suffering from ED.
“Anorexia in a patient with piscosis”
Authors: Meseguer C. Capella , Vázquez E. Rodríguez , Cerejeira J. Gonçalves , Carrasco I. Santos , Ramírez A. Gonzaga , Valera G. Guerra , De Llano De La Viuda M. Queipo , Martín Ó. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionWe present the case of a patient with schizophrenia who presents with restriction of intake, fear of gaining weight and alteration in the way of perceiving herself in which we ask ourselves if these behavioral alterations are secondary to her diagnosis of schizophrenia to an anorexia nervosa independent of previous diagnosis.ObjectivesWe propose to carry out a differential diagnosis of alterations in the perception of self-image in a patient with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. We suggest that these alterations may be secondary to alterations in the experience of the self present due to their psychosis.MethodsIn the differential diagnosis of the cause of alterations in self-image and fear of gaining weight, we rely on the psychiatric interview, the study of previous history and different scales: - Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI) - Gardner Body Image Assessment - Weight, body image and self-esteem scale E-PICA - IPASE scaleResultsIn this patient in whom the differential diagnosis of the cause of her dietary restrictions and weight loss is proposed, there does not seem to be any psychotic symptoms that produce these alterations.ConclusionsIn the alterations in self-image in those psychotic patients, there is a doubt as to whether these could be secondary to alterations in the perception of the self typical of psychotic diseases or, on the contrary, be secondary to the spectrum of Eating Disorders.
Gayet wernicke encephalopathy: Don’t miss this neuropsychiatric emergency!
Authors: Laroussi S. , Moalla K.S. , Hdiji O. , Sakka S. , Daoud S. , Hadjkacem H. , Farhat N. , Mhiri C. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionGayet Wernicke Encephalopathy (GWE) is a diagnostic and therapeutic neuropsychiatric emergency due to thiamin deficiency (vitamin B1).ObjectivesThe purpose of our work is to recall some clinical situations suspecting GWE, along with radiological and evolutionary profile.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study concerning patients who were hospitalized in the neurology department of Habib Bourguiba Hospital between 2013 and 2020 for management of GWE.ResultsThe median age of 7 patients was 39.57 years with sex ratio (H/F):1.33. The most common risk factor found is incoercible vomiting (5 patients), followed by chronic alcoholism (3 patients). Confusional state was the most frequent symptom found in 4 patients. The characteristic clinical triad of confusion, oculomotor disorders and ataxia was only found in 2 patients. Neuroimaging showed a typical aspect in 3 patients. The serum levels of thiamine were low in five patients and normal in two patients. After receiving parental than oral thiamin supplementation, three patients were independent after one month with a mRS score <3.ConclusionsGWE is an acute neuropsychiatric emergency. Chronic alcoholism is recognized as its most common cause. The clinical triad is not constantly present. MRI shows typically bilateral symmetrical hyperintensities in periaqueductal area, periventricular region, thalami and mammillary bodies. Thiamin level can be normal since it does not accurately represent body thiamine status or in case of mutations in a thiamine-transporter gene. Thiamine therapy is warranted if any component of the GWE triad is present in an appropriate clinical setting to prevent irreversible neurological sequelae.
Social stigma and mental health
Authors: Barea M. ValverDe , Castro C. Mata , Martinez G.M. Ruiz , Solis M.O. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionStigma has been associated with various groups, based on certain attributes or characteristics, such as; Race or health status is a complex and dynamic process, a universal phenomenon that is part of all social groups and is maintained by its functions related to the establishment of one’s own identity and the facilitation of socialization processes. Many societies throughout history have identified people with a mental health problem as part of a minority group considered inferior to the rest. What has made this population an object of social stigma. With the beginning of community psychiatry, and with the need to integrate people with a serious mental disorder into it, it becomes even more valuable to be able to assess the social stigma towards mental illness in the community.ObjectivesThe goal is to examine community attitudes towards people with mental illness.MethodsCross-sectional study of 228 people through an anonymous online survey. Sociodemographic variables and questionnaires were collected, such as the Community Attitudes Questionnaire towards people with Mental Illness (CAMI).Results65% of respondents are women and 35% men. 74% have university studies. 18% do not agree that mental illness is an illness like any other. 1% believe that not all people can develop a mental illness. 7% of those surveyed are afraid that people with mental illness reside in their neighborhood and 14% believe that they are more dangerous people than the general population.ConclusionsGiven the results obtained, we observe that the stigma towards people with mental illness is still present in society.
Selumetinib Plus Adjuvant Radioactive Iodine in Patients With High-Risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Phase III, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial (ASTRA)
Authors: Ho Alan L. , Dedecjus Marek , Wirth Lori J. , Tuttle R. Michael , Inabnet William B. , Tennvall Jan , Vaisman Fernanda , Bastholt Lars , Gianoukakis Andrew G. , Rodien Patrice , Paschke Ralf , Elisei Rossella , Viola David , So Karen , Carroll Danielle , Hovey Tina , Thakre Bhavana , Fagin James A. ,   the ASTRA investigator group
Published: February 2022

PURPOSE Selumetinib can increase radioactive iodine (RAI) avidity in RAI-refractory tumors. We investigated whether selumetinib plus adjuvant RAI improves complete remission (CR) rates in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) at high risk of primary treatment failure versus RAI alone. METHODS ASTRA (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01843062 ) is an international, phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. Patients with DTC at high risk of primary treatment failure (primary tumor > 4 cm; gross extrathyroidal extension outside the thyroid gland [T4 disease]; or N1a/N1b disease with ≥ 1 metastatic lymph node(s) ≥ 1 cm or ≥ 5 lymph nodes [any size]) were randomly assigned 2:1 to selumetinib 75 mg orally twice daily or placebo for approximately 5 weeks (no stratification). On treatment days 29-31, recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone (0.9 mg)–stimulated RAI (131I; 100 mCi/3.7 GBq) was administered, followed by 5 days of selumetinib/placebo. The primary end point (CR rate 18 months after RAI) was assessed in the intention-to-treat population. RESULTS Four hundred patients were enrolled (August 27, 2013-March 23, 2016) and 233 randomly assigned (selumetinib, n = 155 [67%]; placebo, n = 78 [33%]). No statistically significant difference in CR rate 18 months after RAI was observed (selumetinib n = 62 [40%]; placebo n = 30 [38%]; odds ratio 1.07 [95% CI, 0.61 to 1.87]; P = .8205). Treatment-related grade ≥ 3 adverse events were reported in 25/154 patients (16%) with selumetinib and none with placebo. The most common adverse event with selumetinib was dermatitis acneiform (n = 11 [7%]). No treatment-related deaths were reported. CONCLUSION Postoperative pathologic risk stratification identified patients with DTC at high risk of primary treatment failure, although the addition of selumetinib to adjuvant RAI failed to improve the CR rate for these patients. Future strategies should focus on tumor genotype–tailored drug selection and maintaining drug dosing to optimize RAI efficacy.
Current and Future Burdens of Heat-Related Hyponatremia: A Nationwide Register–Based Study
Authors: Mannheimer Buster , Sterea-Grossu Alin , Falhammar Henrik , Calissendorff Jan , Skov Jakob , Lindh Jonatan D 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Context
A seasonal variation in hyponatremia, with higher incidence rates during hot summer days, has been demonstrated. Whether this applies to cool temperate regions is currently unknown.

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of ambient temperature on hyponatremia in the Swedish population under current and future climate scenarios.

Methods
This nationwide cohort study identified all patients hospitalized with a first-ever principal diagnosis of hyponatremia between October 2005 and December 2014. Incidence rates for hyponatremia were calculated as number of hospitalizations divided by person-days at risk in the adult Swedish population at a given temperature, in increments of 1 °C.

Results
The incidence of hyponatremia was stable at 0.3 per million person-days from −10 to 10 °C, but increased rapidly at 24-hour mean temperatures above 15 °C, with 2.26 hospitalizations per million days at the highest recorded temperature of 25 °C. Women and elderly carried the greatest risk, with an incidence of 35 hospitalizations per million days in individuals ≥ 80 years of age on the hottest days, corresponding to a 15-fold increase in incidence compared with cool days. A future 1 or 2 °C increase in mean temperature is expected to increase the incidence of hyponatremia by 6.3% and 13.9%, respectively.

Conclusion
The risk of hospitalization due to hyponatremia increases rapidly at temperatures above 15 °C, indicating a threshold effect. Over the next decades, rising global temperatures are expected to increase the inpatient burden of hyponatremia by approximately 10%. Strategies for protecting vulnerable groups are necessary to reduce this risk.
ADAD2 regulates heterochromatin in meiotic and post-meiotic male germ cells via translation of MDC1
Authors: Chukrallah Lauren G. , Badrinath Aditi , Vittor Gabrielle G. , Snyder Elizabeth M. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
Male germ cells establish a unique heterochromatin domain, the XY-body, early in meiosis. How this domain is maintained through the end of meiosis and into post-meiotic germ cell differentiation is poorly understood. ADAD2 is a late meiotic male germ cell-specific RNA-binding protein, loss of which leads to post-meiotic germ cell defects. Analysis of ribosome association in Adad2 mouse mutants revealed defective translation of Mdc1, a key regulator of XY-body formation, late in meiosis. As a result, Adad2 mutants show normal establishment but failed maintenance of the XY-body. Observed XY-body defects are concurrent with abnormal autosomal heterochromatin and ultimately lead to severely perturbed post-meiotic germ cell heterochromatin and cell death. These findings highlight the requirement of ADAD2 for Mdc1 translation, the role of MDC1 in maintaining meiotic male germ cell heterochromatin and the importance of late meiotic heterochromatin for normal post-meiotic germ cell differentiation.
Importance of Nodal Metastases Location in Pancreatoduodenectomy for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Results from a Prospective, Lymphadenectomy Protocol
Authors: Malleo Giuseppe , Maggino Laura , Casciani Fabio , Lionetto Gabriella , Nobile Sara , Lazzarin Gianni , Paiella Salvatore , Esposito Alessandro , Capelli Paola , Luchini Claudio , Scarpa Aldo , Bassi Claudio , Salvia Roberto 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Implementing a prospective lymphadenectomy protocol, we investigated the nodal yields and metastases per anatomical stations and nodal echelon following upfront pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) for cancer. Next, the relationship between the extension of nodal dissection, the number of examined and positive nodes (ELN/PLN), disease staging and prognosis was assessed.

Methods
Lymphadenectomy included stations 5, 6, 8a-p, 12a-b-p, 13, 14a-b, 17, and jejunal mesentery nodes. Data were stratified by N-status, anatomical stations, and nodal echelons. First echelon was defined as stations embedded in the main specimen and second echelon as stations sampled as separate specimens. Recurrence and survival analyses were performed by using standard statistics.

Results
Overall, 424 patients were enrolled from June 2013 through December 2018. The median number of ELN and PLN was 42 (interquartile range [IQR] 34-50) and 4 (IQR 2-8). Node-positive patients were 88.2%. The commonest metastatic sites were stations 13 (77.8%) and 14 (57.5%). The median number of ELN and PLN in the first echelon was 28 (IQR 23-34) and 4 (IQR 1-7). While first-echelon dissection provided enough ELN for optimal nodal staging, the aggregate rate of second-echelon metastases approached 30%. Nodal-related factors associated with recurrence and survival were N-status, multiple metastatic stations, metastases to station 14, and jejunal mesentery nodes.

Conclusions
First-echelon dissection provides adequate number of ELN for optimal staging. Nodal metastases occur mostly at stations 13/14, although second-echelon involvement is frequent. Only station 14 and jejunal mesentery nodes involvement was prognostically relevant. This latter station should be included in the standard nodal map and analyzed pathologically.
Tolerability of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines in patients with postural tachycardia syndrome: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Jost Karin , Rodriguez Belén , Söll Nicole , Hoepner Robert , Z'Graggen Werner J. 
Published: February 2022

Background: Postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a form of autonomic dysregulation. There is increasing evidence that the etiology may be immune-mediated in a subgroup of patients. Patients with POTS often experience an exacerbation of their symptoms associated with (viral) infections and often fear the same symptom aggravation after vaccination. In this report we describe the tolerability of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccines against coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) and the consequences of a COVID-19 infection on POTS symptoms in our cohort of patients with neuropathic POTS. Methods: We conducted a standardized, checklist-based interview with 23 patients and recorded the acute side effects of mRNA vaccination, acute symptoms of COVID-19 infection as well as the effects of vaccination and COVID-19 infection on POTS symptoms. Results: Of all included patients, 20 patients received two mRNA vaccines without having had a previous COVID-19 infection, and five patients in total had suffered a COVID-19 infection. Of these, three had COVID-19 without and two after being vaccinated. No increased frequency of side effects after both doses of mRNA vaccines was observed. Six patients reported a mild and short-term aggravation of their POTS symptoms beyond the duration of acute vaccine side effects. All five patients who suffered a COVID-19 infection subsequently reported a pronounced and persistent exacerbation of POTS symptoms. Conclusions: Our observations suggest that mRNA vaccines are not associated with a higher frequency of acute side effects in patients with POTS. Symptom exacerbation as a consequence of mRNA vaccination seems to be less frequent and of shorter duration compared to patients who suffered a COVID-19 infection.
A scoping review protocol of evidence-based guidance and guidelines published by general practitioner professional organisations
Authors: O'Brien Emer , Clyne Barbara , Smith Susan M. , O'Herlihy Noirin , Harkins Velma , Wallace Emma 
Published: February 2022

Introduction:General practitioners (GPs) strive to use a patient centered approach to achieve shared decision making by integrating clinical evidence, clinical judgement, and patient priorities. In order to achieve this standard of care, GPs require relevant, up to date and high quality evidence. Currently there is a gap in the literature regarding the role of GP professional organisations internationally in producing and publishing evidence based guidance and clinical guidelines for GPs. This protocol outlines a scoping review to identify what evidence-based guidance is produced by general practitioner professional organisations internationally in terms of topic content, the structure and methods used to develop guidance and ways of disseminating this guidance, to support general practice clinical decision making.Methods:This scoping review will be conducted using the framework proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR), will be used to guide the reporting. Two researchers will search electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and Scopus), grey literature sources and contact international GP professional organisations directly to identify appropriate studies for inclusion. Key information will be categorised and classified to generate a summary of the methods used internationally to develop and implement evidence-based guides for general practitioners and a narrative synthesis will be conducted.Conclusions:This scoping review will examine current practice internationally regarding the role of General Practice professional organisations in producing and publishing clinical guidelines and evidence based guidance to support general practitioner’s clinical decision making to benefit patient care.
Immunohistochemistry localises myosin-7a to cochlear efferent boutons
Authors: Sirko Piotr , Kozlov Andrei S. 
Published: February 2022

Background: Myosin 7a is an actin-binding motor protein involved in the formation of hair-cell stereocilia both in the cochlea and in the vestibular system. Mutations in myosin 7a are linked to congenital hearing loss and are present in 50% of Type-1 Usher syndrome patients who suffer from progressive hearing loss and vestibular system dysfunction. Methods: Myosin 7a is often used to visualise sensory hair cells due to its well characterised and localised expression profile. We thus conducted myosin-7a immunostaining across all three turns of the adult rat organ of Corti to visualise hair cells. Results: As expected, we observed myosin 7a staining in both inner and outer hair cells. Unexpectedly, we also observed strong myosin 7a staining in the medial olivocochlear efferent synaptic boutons contacting the outer hair cells. Efferent bouton myosin-7a staining was present across all three turns of the cochlea. We verified this localisation by co-staining with a known efferent bouton marker, the vesicular acetylcholine transporter. Conclusions: In addition to its role in stereocilia formation and maintenance, myosin 7a or certain myosin-7a expression variants might play a role in efferent synaptic transmission in the cochlea and thus ultimately influence cochlear gain regulation. Our immunohistochemistry results should be validated with other methods to confirm these serendipitous findings.