bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Colorectal cancer surveillance by colonoscopy in a prospective, population-based long-term Swiss screening study – outcomes, adherence, and costs
Authors: Zgraggen Armin , Stoffel Sandro Tiziano , Barbier Michaela Carla , Marbet Urs Albert 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background The success of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening depends mainly on screening quality, patient adherence to surveillance, and costs. Consequently, it is essential to assess the performance over time.
Methods In 2000, a closed cohort study on CRC screening in individuals aged 50 to 80 was initiated in Uri, Switzerland. Participants who chose to undergo colonoscopy were followed over 18 years. We investigated the adherence to recommended surveillance and collected baseline characteristics and colonoscopy data. Risk factors at screening for the development of advanced adenomas were analyzed. Costs for screening and follow-up were evaluated retrospectively.
Results 1278 subjects with a screening colonoscopy were included, of which 272 (21.3%; 69.5% men) had adenomas, and 83 (6.5%) had advanced adenomas. Only 59.8% participated in a follow-up colonoscopy, half of them within the recommended time interval. Individuals with advanced adenomas at screening had nearly five times the risk of developing advanced adenomas compared to individuals without adenomas (24.3% vs. 5.0%, OR 4.79 CI 2.30–9.95). Individuals without adenomas developed advanced adenomas in 4.9%, including four cases of CRC; three of them without control colonoscopy. The villous component in adenomas smaller than 10 mm was not an independent risk factor. Costs for screening and follow-up added up to CHF 1’934’521 per 1’000 persons screened, almost half of them for follow-up examinations; 60% of these costs accounted for low-risk individuals.
Conclusion Our findings suggest that follow-up of screening colonoscopy should be reconsidered in Switzerland; in particular, long-term adherence is critical. Costs for follow-up could be substantially reduced by adopting less expensive long-term screening methods for low-risk individuals.
Hemorrhages in Polycythemia Vera and Essential Thrombocythemia: Epidemiology, Description, and Risk Factors—Learnings from a Large Cohort
Authors: Nicol Christophe , Ajzenberg Nadine , Lacut Karine , Couturaud Francis , Lippert Eric , Pan-Petesch Brigitte , Ianotto Jean-Christophe 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground The management of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) is based on the reduction of thrombotic risk. The incidence, impact, and risk factors of bleedings have been less studied.Methods All patients with polycythemia vera (n=339) or essential thrombocythemia (n=528) treated in our center are included in OBENE (Observatoire BrEstois des NEoplasies myéloprolifératives) cohort (NCT02897297). Major bleeding (MB) and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding (CRNMB) occurring after diagnosis were included, except after leukemic transformation.Results With a median follow-up of 8.3 years, incidence of hemorrhages was 1.85% patient/year, with an incidence of MB of 0.95% patient/year. The 10-year bleeding-free survival was 89%. The most frequent locations were digestive tract, “mouth, nose and throat,” and muscular hematoma. The case fatality rate of MB was 25%. The proportion of potentially avoidable postoperative bleeding was remarkable (17.6%). In multivariable analysis, eight risk factors of bleeding were identified: leukocytes >20 G/L at diagnosis (hazard ratio [HR]=5.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.77–14.86), secondary hemopathies (HR=2.99, 95% CI: 1.27–7.04), aspirin use at diagnosis (HR=2.11, 95% CI: 1.24–3.6), platelet count >1,000 G/L at diagnosis (HR=1.93, 95% CI: 1.11–3.36), history of hemorrhage (HR=1.82, 95% CI: 1.03–3.24), secondary cancers (HR=1.71, 95% CI: 1.01–2.89), atrial fibrillation (HR=1.66, 95% CI: 1.01–2.72), and male sex (HR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.02–2.33). The occurrence of a CRNMB increased the risk of a secondary MB (odds ratio=6.13, 95% CI: 2.86–12.6, p<0.00001). Most patients taking hydroxyurea displayed a nonmacrocytic median corpuscular value in the months preceding bleeding (51.4%).Discussion The morbidity and mortality of bleedings in MPN should not be underestimated, and patients with platelet count >1,000 G/L and/or leukocytes >20 G/L, and possibly patients who suffered from a CRNMB could benefit from cytoreduction to reducing bleeding risk. Postoperative bleedings represent a substantial proportion of bleeding and could be better prevented.
Reporting Outcomes of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Patients to Referring Physicians via an Electronic Health Record-Based Feedback System
Authors: Cifra Christina L. , Tigges Cody R. , Miller Sarah L. , Curl Nathaniel , Monson Christopher D. , Dukes Kimberly C. , Reisinger Heather S. , Pennathur Priyadarshini R. , Sittig Dean F. , Singh Hardeep 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background Many critically ill children are initially evaluated in front-line settings by clinicians with variable pediatric training before they are transferred to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Because clinicians learn from past performance, communicating outcomes of patients back to front-line clinicians who provide pediatric emergency care could be valuable; however, referring clinicians do not consistently receive this important feedback.
Objectives Our aim was to determine the feasibility, usability, and clinical relevance of a semiautomated electronic health record (EHR)-supported system developed at a single institution to deliver timely and relevant PICU patient outcome feedback to referring emergency department (ED) physicians.
Methods Guided by the Health Information Technology Safety Framework, we iteratively designed, implemented, and evaluated a semiautomated electronic feedback system leveraging the EHR in one institution. After conducting interviews and focus groups with stakeholders to understand the PICU-ED health care work system, we designed the EHR-supported feedback system by translating stakeholder, organizational, and usability objectives into feedback process and report requirements. Over 6 months, we completed three cycles of implementation and evaluation, wherein we analyzed EHR access logs, reviewed feedback reports sent, performed usability testing, and conducted physician interviews to determine the system's feasibility, usability, and clinical relevance.
Results The EHR-supported feedback process is feasible with timely delivery and receipt of feedback reports. Usability testing revealed excellent Systems Usability Scale scores. According to physicians, the process was well-integrated into their clinical workflows and conferred minimal additional workload. Physicians also indicated that delivering and receiving consistent feedback was relevant to their clinical practice.
Conclusion An EHR-supported system to deliver timely and relevant PICU patient outcome feedback to referring ED physicians was feasible, usable, and important to physicians. Future work is needed to evaluate impact on clinical practice and patient outcomes and to investigate applicability to other clinical settings involved in similar care transitions.
Tellurium spectrometer for 1S–1P1 transitions in strontium and other alkaline-earth atoms
Authors: Akin T. G. , Hemingway Bryan , Peil Steven 
Published: May 2022

We measure the spectrum of tellurium-130 in the vicinity of the 461 nm S01−P11 cycling transition in neutral strontium, a popular element for atomic clocks, quantum information, and quantum-degenerate gases. The lack of hyperfine structure in tellurium results in a spectral density of transitions nearly 50 times lower than that available in iodine, making use of tellurium as a laser-frequency reference challenging. By frequency-offset locking two lasers, we generate the large frequency shifts required to span the difference between a tellurium line and the S01−P11 resonance in strontium or other alkaline-earth atoms. The resulting laser architecture is long-term frequency stable, widely tunable, and optimizes the available laser power. The versatility of the system is demonstrated by using it to quickly switch between any strontium isotope in a magneto-optical trap and by adapting it to spectroscopy on a thermal beam with a different alkaline-earth atom.
Plasmonic diastereoisomer arrays with reversed circular dichroism simply controlled by deformation height
Authors: Chen Shanshan , Ji Chang-Yin , Han Yu , Liu Xing , Wang Yongtian , Liu Juan , Li Jiafang 
Published: May 2022

Chirality reversal between enantiomers is of great importance in both fundamental science and practical applications in chiroptics, biomedicine, and analytical chemistry. Here, we demonstrate an abrupt sign reversal of circular dichroism (CD) between artificial plasmonic diastereoisomers, which are a kind of stereo twisted metamolecules with different strength of deformations. The sign of the CD response is reversed in the same wavelength region by simply engineering the deformation height of nanostructures. Electromagnetic multipolar analysis shows that the sign of CD is determined by the phase-controlled handedness-dependent excitations of electric quadrupole modes. The numerical simulations are further verified by experiments using a nano-kirigami fabrication method. This work reveals that under certain circumstances, the CD response of the plasmonic diastereoisomers can be very close to that of enantiomers, which is useful for the exploration of profound chiroptics, as well as for the applications in chirality switching, chiral biosensing, and chiral separation.
Thomson scattering diagnostic system for the XuanLong-50 experiment
Authors: Li H. Y. , Li S. J. , Xie Q. F. , Liu J. H. , Bai R. H. , Tao R. Y. , Lun X. C. , Li N. , Bo X. K. , Liu C. Q. , Han L. , Deng B. H. 
Published: May 2022

A 15-point Thomson scattering diagnostic system is developed for ENN’s spherical torus experiment XuanLong-50 (EXL-50). A BeamTech laser with 3 J/pulse (1064 nm wavelength) at 50 Hz repetition rate is chosen for measurements during EXL-50 plasma operations. To enable measurements at low density (∼0.5 × 1018 m−3) plasma operations, the opto-mechanical subsystems are carefully designed to maximize the collection and transmission of the scattered light and to minimize the stray light level. In addition, the high bandwidth trans-impedance amplifiers and segmented high speed waveform digitizers allow for the application of muti-pulse averaging to further improve the signal-to-noise ratio. Details of the diagnostic system are described and initial experimental results are presented.
Development of the university students’ mental models on direct current*
Authors: Durukan Ümmü Gülsüm , Sağlam Arslan Ayşegül 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study aims to analyze the effects of the teaching sequence based on adidactical situations and learning styles on the development and change of the university students’ understanding levels and mental models about direct current. The study was carried out within the framework of didactical engineering. The sample of this study consisted of 27 students of the Science Teacher Training Program. The students’ learning styles were assessed and identified through Gregorc style delineator. The data gathered through the achievement test and clinical interviews were analyzed in a two-stage process: (1) the understanding levels and (2) the mental model characteristics and matrices. The review of data on understanding levels revealed that a significant number of students respond to the questions at the level of (MU) and (PU) in the pre-implementation; at the level of (PU) and (LU) in the post-implementation; and at the level of (PU) in the deferred implementation. The students’ mental models generally exhibited the characteristics of the synthesis and initial model types. The findings reached through the study revealed that the designed teaching sequence based on adidactical situations and learning style had a positive effect on the advances registered in the students’ understanding levels and mental model development regarding direct current.
Biocompatible bonding of a rigid off-stoichiometry thiol-ene-epoxy polymer microfluidic cartridge to a biofunctionalized silicon biosensor
Authors: Sønstevold Linda , Yadav Mukesh , Arnfinnsdottir Nina Bjørk , Herbjørnrød Aina Kristin , Jensen Geir Uri , Aksnes Astrid , Mielnik Michal Marek 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Attachment of biorecognition molecules prior to microfluidic packaging is advantageous for many silicon biosensor-based lab-on-a-chip (LOC) devices. This necessitates biocompatible bonding of the microfluidic cartridge, which, due to thermal or chemical incompatibility, excludes standard microfabrication bonding techniques. Here, we demonstrate a novel processing approach for a commercially available, two-step curable polymer to obtain biocompatible ultraviolet initiated (UVA)-bonding of polymer microfluidics to silicon biosensors. Biocompatibility is assessed by UVA-bonding to antibody-functionalized ring resonator sensors and performing antigen capture assays while optically monitoring the sensor response. The assessments indicate normal biological function of the antibodies after UVA-bonding with selective binding to the target antigen. The bonding strength between polymer and silicon chips (non-biofunctionalized and biofunctionalized) is determined in terms of static liquid pressure. Polymer microfluidic cartridges are stored for more than 18 weeks between cartridge molding and cartridge-to-silicon bonding. All bonded devices withstand more than 2500 mbar pressure, far exceeding the typical requirements for LOC applications, while they may also be de-bonded after use. We suggest that these characteristics arise from bonding mainly through intermolecular forces, with a large extent of hydrogen bonds. Dimensional fidelity assessed by microscopy imaging shows less than 2% shrinkage through the molding process and the water contact angle is approximately 80°. As there is generally little absorption of UVA light (365 nm) in proteins and nucleic acids, this UVA-bonding procedure should be applicable for packaging a wide variety of biosensors into LOC systems.
A unifying network approach for circuits simplification and equivalent resistances, capacitors and inductors evaluation
Authors: Costa V A F 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
It is proposed a network approach for electric circuits simplification, that through a unified systematic procedure allows simplifying circuits of any complexity, and evaluation of the equivalent resistances, capacitors and inductors. Circuits to be simplified are characterized by their nodes, and by the elements of different types (resistances, capacitors and inductors) connecting each pair of nodes. Once that information organized in the matrix form, circuit simplification is straightforward based on the simplification conditions, which are key elements of the proposed approach. Simplification process evolves eliminating nodes from the original circuit, node by node, and evaluating the equivalent element types connecting the remaining nodes, up to the required simplification level. The key elements of the simplification procedure are the same for all the element types. For circuits with elements of different types simplification can be made in a segregated way, each time for one element type, or simultaneously for all the element types. The simplification procedure can be used with pencil and paper, or easily programmed for automatic and fast circuits simplification. Use of the proposed approach is illustrated through some appealing examples.
Quantum statistical fluctuation of energy and its novel pseudo-gauge dependence
Authors: Das Arpan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe discuss the quantum statistical fluctuations of energy in subsystems of hot relativistic gas for both spin-zero and spin-half particles. We explicitly show the system size dependence of the quantum statistical fluctuation of energy. Our results show that with decreasing system size quantum statistical fluctuations increase substantially. As the consistency of the framework, we also argue that the quantum statistical fluctuations give rise to the known result for statistical fluctuation of energy in the canonical ensemble if we consider the size of the subsystem to be sufficiently large. For a spin-half particle, quantum fluctuations show some interesting novel features. We show that within a small sub-system quantum statistical fluctuation of energy for spin-half particles depends on the variouspseudo-gaugechoices of the energy-momentum tensor. Interestingly, for sufficiently large subsystems quantum fluctuations obtained for different pseudo-gauge choices converge and we recover the canonical-ensemble formula known for statistical fluctuations of energy. Our calculation is very general and can be applied to any branch of physics whenever one deals with a thermal system. As a practical application, we argue that our results can be used to determine a coarse-graining scale to introduce the concept of classical energy density or fluid element relevant for the strongly interacting matter, in particular for small systems produced in heavy-ion collisions.
Towards better understanding of structural, physical and radiation attenuation properties of the granites in Aegean region of Turkey: İzmir and Kütahya Provinces
Authors: Deliormanlı Aylin M , Deliormanlı Ahmet H , Turan Fatih , Issa Shams A M , ALMisned Ghada , Tekin H O 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this study, physical, chemical, structural and radiation attenuation properties of some granite samples collected from Kütahya-Simav and İzmir (Bergama and Karaburun) were investigated. The true particle density of the studied granite samples was in the range of 2.65 g cm−3 to 2.72 g cm−3 and the median particle diameter was between ∼12 μm and 41 μm. According to the structural examination results obtained from the study, the chemical compositions of the extracted granite samples varied by area. While SiO2 was the dominating component in certain locations, it was replaced by Fe2O3 in another. This condition also had a direct effect on the densities of the granite samples extracted. At the conclusion of the study, it was found that the predominant factor affecting the radiation shielding characteristics of granites was the quantity of Fe2O3 in the composition, with the greatest gamma-ray shielding qualities supplied by samples 4 and 5, which had the highest Fe2O3 ratio. Our results indicate that sample 5 and the previously studied Capao Bonita sample had comparable half value layer values at low, medium, and high gamma ray levels. It may be concluded that Izmir granites are a more attractive option to granite for usage as radiation shielding building materials, owing to their high Fe2O3 concentration, and may be a feasible alternative to less desirable concrete materials for shielding applications.
Comparison of empirical models using experimental results of electrical submersible pump under two-phase flow: numerical and empirical model validation
Authors: Ali Asad , Si Qiaorui , Wang Biaobiao , Yuan Jianping , Wang Peng , Rasool Ghulam , Shokrian Ashkan , Ali Amjad , Zaman Muhammad Awais 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Electrical submersible pumps (ESPs) dealing with gas-liquid multiphase flow face great challenges in the oil and gas industries. The main problem is caused by the accumulation of air bubbles inside the ESP, which degrade the pump performance ranging from minor to major degradation (surging and gas-locking). Several empirical models have been developed to predict head and surging mechanisms. However, the feasibility and versatility of these models are still questionable. Therefore, this study focuses on experimental analysis and their comparison with the existing empirical models (developed to predict Head and surging characteristics under two-phase flow conditions) to examine their validity and versatility in predicting the multiphase performance of pumps. The comparison showed that some models agree well with the given test analysis. However, some models either underestimate or overestimate the predicted values because most of these models were established for high inlet pressure, no water but oil and CO2, several impeller and diffusers, different rotational speed, and different pump geometries. Moreover, this study also compares test results with CFD simulations (using Euler-Euler two-fluid model) and shows that the experimental results are consistent and reliable. Furthermore, this study provides a detailed and close insight into the different aspects of empirical models to check whether they can be applied for wider applications or are limited to the type they were developed.
Design and analysis of a three-dimensional discrete memristive chaotic map with infinitely wide parameter range
Authors: Huang Lilian , Liu Jin , Xiang Jianhong , Zhang Zefeng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a new discrete memristive chaotic map with infinitely wide parameter range is designed. Firstly, a discrete memristor based on a triangular wave function is constructed. The memristor conforms to the definition of generalized memristor, and a new three-dimensional memristive chaotic map is designed based on it. Numerical simulations show that the map has complex dynamic behavior. An improved perturbation method is proposed to estimate the output sequence of the chaotic system. At the same time, it is proved mathematically that the new map can always be in chaotic or hyperchaotic state with infinitely wide parameter range under certain conditions. By observing the Lyapunov exponent spectrum and the phase diagram, it is found as the absolute value of the parameter increases, the output range and ergodicity of the new map are also enhanced. We demonstrate that the new map has an initial-boosting behavior that depends on the initial conditions of the memristor. By changing the initial values of the memristor, we can control the appearance of attractor at different locations without loss. At the same time, this paper analyzes the mechanism of the discrete memristive chaotic map generating initial-boosting behavior, puts forward a method to make ordinary chaotic maps easier to obtain this behavior. Finally, the DSP hardware platform is used to implement the new map, which proves the physical existence and realizability of the map.
Tuning the electronic, optical, and thermal properties of cubic perovskites CsPbCl3-nBrn (n = 0, 1, 2, and 3) through altering the halide ratio
Authors: Islam Md Rasidul , Moghal Biazid Kabir , Moshwan Raza 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The metal halide-based perovskites have been used for photovoltaic device applications owing to their outstanding properties, low-temperature solution, and cheap manufacturing cost. The electronic, optical, mechanical, and thermal properties of CsPbCl3-nBrn (where n = 0, 1, 2, and 3) have been calculated using first-principles density functional theory (FP-DFT) calculations. The Perdew, Burke, and Enzerofe (PBE) exchange-correlation functional has been considered for the structural calculations. The calculated electronic properties of CsPbCl3-nBrn (where n = 0, 1, 2, and 3) suggest that these materials are direct bandgap semiconductors at normal pressure. The bandgap of CsPbCl3 has been decreased by substituting the Cl atom with the Br atom. Moreover, it is observed that the values of the bandgap of CsPbCl3-nBrn (where n = 0, 1, 2, and 3) materials diminished by rising the pressure, even the semiconductor phase transitioned to the metallic phase under high pressure. The narrowing bandgap enhances the strong light absorption properties of these materials in visible spectrum region. Elastic constants and thermal characteristics obtained for these compounds also demonstrate their structural integrity. Therefore, these compounds can be the promising candidates for optoelectronic and solar cell applications.