bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating interhemispheric synchronization and cortical activity in acute stroke patients using optical hemodynamic oscillations
Authors: Nguyen Van-Truong , Lu Yi-Hsuan , Wu Chun-Wei , Sung Pi-Shan , Lin Chou-Ching , Lin Pei-Yi , Wang Shun-Min , Chen Fu-Yu , Chen Jia-Jin Jason 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjective.An understanding of functional interhemispheric asymmetry in ischemic stroke patients is a crucial factor in the designs of efficient programs for post-stroke rehabilitation. This study evaluates interhemispheric synchronization and cortical activities in acute stroke patients with various degrees of severity and at different post-stroke stages.Approach.Twenty-three patients were recruited to participate in the experiments, including resting-state and speed finger-tapping tasks at week-1 and week-3 post-stroke. Multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to measure the changes in hemodynamics in the bilateral prefrontal cortex (PFC), the supplementary motor area (SMA), and the sensorimotor cortex (SMC). The interhemispheric correlation coefficient (IHCC) measuring the synchronized activities in time and the wavelet phase coherence (WPCO) measuring the phasic activity in time-frequency were used to reflect the symmetry between the two hemispheres within a region. The changes in oxyhemoglobin during the finger-tapping tasks were used to present cortical activation.Main results.IHCC and WPCO values in the severe-stroke were significantly lower than those in the minor-stroke at low frequency bands during week-3 post-stroke. Cortical activation in all regions in the affected hemisphere was significantly lower than that in the unaffected hemisphere in the moderate-severe stroke measured in week-1, however, the SMC activation on the affected hemisphere was significantly enhanced in week-3 post-stroke.Significance.In this study, non-invasive NIRS was used to observe dynamic synchronization in the resting-state based on the IHCC and WPCO results as well as hemodynamic changes in a motor task in acute stroke patients. The findings suggest that NIRS could be used as a tool for early stroke assessment and evaluation of the efficacy of post-stroke rehabilitation.
Design and manufacturing of the combined quadrupole and corrector magnets for the LIPAc accelerator high energy beam transport line
Authors: Brañas B. , Castellanos J. , Oliver C. , Campmany J. , Fernández F. , García M. , Kirpitchev I. , Marcos J. , Massana V. , Méndez P. , Mosca J. , Toral F. , Arranz F. , Nomen O. , Podadera I. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF) is a project aiming to investigate candidate materials to be used in the most exposed zones of future fusion reactors. The linear IFMIF prototype accelerator (LIPAc), presently under commissioning in Rokkasho, Japan, is a prototype of the frontend section of one of the IFMIF accelerators. Eight quadrupole magnets, six pairs of corrector magnets and one dipole are responsible for generating the magnetic fields needed for a proper beam handling along the 10 m long LIPAc high energy beam transport line, which connects the end of the superconducting radio frequency Linac with the beam dump. A novel design of combined magnets with the correctors integrated in the quadrupole poles is chosen for compactness reasons. The different stages of the production of the combined magnets, from the magnetic and mechanical design to their manufacturing and testing, including exhaustive characterization of the magnetic performance are described in this work. The results from the tests revealed the quality of the magnetic field produced. The materials selection was done carefully, to withstand the high levels of ionizing radiation expected at the magnet locations. This paper focuses on the activities performed in Europe, before sending the magnets to Japan for their installation and commissioning at the Rokkasho site.
The distributional incidence of wildfire hazard in the western United States
Authors: Wibbenmeyer Matthew , Robertson Molly 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Increases in wildfire activity in the western United States in recent years have led to significant property loss in wildland-urban interface areas, raising difficult questions for policymakers regarding mitigation of wildfire damages and how mitigation costs should be distributed. Yet in spite of increased attention to the distribution of environmental and climate-related risks across socioeconomic groups, and its relevance to current wildfire-related policy debates, the distributional incidence of wildfire hazard is not well understood. This paper fills this gap by combining property-level data on locations and values of residential properties, demographics, wildfire hazard, and historical wildfire perimeters. We find that there is substantial heterogeneity within high wildfire hazard areas, but that high wildfire hazard and impact from recent wildfires (2011–2018) have disproportionately been borne by high-income, white, and older residents, and by owners of high-value properties; properties in the tenth decile of market value by county are on average 70% more likely to be in high wildfire hazard areas than median value properties. However, because many high-value high wildfire hazard properties are concentrated in high density areas, most of the high wildfire hazard area in the western US is sparsely populated and comprises mainly relatively low-value properties.
Regularization of a strong–weak duality between pointlike interactions in one dimension
Authors: Granet Etienne 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Pointlike interactions between bosons in 1D are related to pointlike interactions between fermions through the Girardeau mapping. This mapping is a strong–weak duality since the coupling constants in the bosonic and fermionic cases are inversely proportional to each other. We present a regularization of these pointlike interactions that preserves the strong–weak duality, contrary to previously known Hermitian regularizations. This is proven rigorously. This allows one to use this duality perturbatively and we illustrate it in the Lieb–Liniger model at strong coupling.
The two-particle irreducible effective action for classical stochastic processes
Authors: Bode Tim 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
By combining the two-particle-irreducible (2PI) effective action common in non-equilibrium quantum field theory with the classical Martin–Siggia–Rose formalism, self-consistent equations of motion for the first and second cumulants of non-linear classical stochastic processes are constructed. Such dynamical equations for correlation and response functions are important in describing non-equilibrium systems, where equilibrium fluctuation–dissipation relations are unavailable. The method allows to evolve stochastic systems from arbitrary Gaussian initial conditions. In the non-linear case, it is found that the resulting integro-differential equations can be solved with considerably reduced computational effort compared to state-of-the-art stochastic Runge–Kutta methods. The details of the method are illustrated by several physical examples.
Sustainable development of tourism economy in Phu Quoc Island, Kien Giang Province, Vietnam: Current situation and prospects
Authors: Quyet L V , Duy P T , Toan V P 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Located in the Gulf of Thailand, Phu Quoc is the largest island of Vietnam. Dubbed the “Pearl Island”, Phu Quoc is well-known for its wealth given by nature. In 2019, Phu Quoc was voted as one of the best tourist destinations in Asia and the top 5 autumn destinations in Asia-Pacific by CNN. Thanks to its advantageous geographical location as well as rich and diverse natural, cultural and human resources, Phu Quoc has been aiming to develop into an important sea-based economic hub, especially in terms of the tourism economy. Over time, Phu Quoc has experienced major changes and focused on tourism as a pillar for economic development. Therefore, it is necessary to consider and evaluate the potential and current situation of the tourism economy in Phu Quoc so as to propose solutions and policies. Analyzing the potential and current situation of developing the tourism economy in Phu Quoc, the article proposes 4 solutions for the sustainable tourism development of the island in the future.
Engineering of cardiac microtissues by microfluidic cell encapsulation in thermoshrinking non-crosslinked PNIPAAm gels
Authors: Jahn Philipp , Karger Rebecca Katharina , Soso Khalaf Shahab , Hamad Sarkawt , Peinkofer Gabriel , Sahito Raja Ghazanfar Ali , Pieroth Stephanie , Nitsche Frank , Lu Junqi , Derichsweiler Daniel , Brockmeier Konrad , Hescheler Jürgen , M Schmidt Annette , Pfannkuche Kurt 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Multicellular agglomerates in form of irregularly shaped or spherical clusters can recapitulate cell–cell interactions and are referred to as microtissues. Microtissues gain increasing attention in several fields including cardiovascular research. Cardiac microtissues are evolving as excellent model systems for drug testing in vitro (organ-on-a-chip), are used as tissue bricks in 3D printing processes and pave the way for improved cell replacement therapies in vivo. Microtissues are formed for example in hanging drop culture or specialized microwell plates; truly scalable methods are not yet available. In this study, a novel method of encapsulation of cells in poly-N-isopropylacrylamid (PNIPAAm) spheres is introduced. Murine induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were encapsulated in PNIPAAm by raising the temperature of droplets formed in a microfluidics setup above the lower critical solute temperature (LCST) of 32 °C. PNIPAAM precipitates to a water-insoluble physically linked gel above the LCST and shrinks by the expulsion of water, thereby trapping the cells in a collapsing polymer network and increasing the cell density by one order of magnitude. Within 24 h, stable cardiac microtissues were first formed and later released from their polymer shell by washout of PNIPAAm at temperatures below the LCST. Rhythmically contracting microtissues showed homogenous cell distribution, age-dependent sarcomere organizations and action potential generation. The novel approach is applicable for microtissue formation from various cell types and can be implemented into scalable workflows.
Effects of annealing temperature on structural phase transition and microstructure evolution of hydrothermally synthesized barium titanate nanoparticles
Authors: Lee Jongbeom , Jeong Haguk , Ma Seongun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Commercial hydrothermally synthesized BaTiO3 powder with a cubic structure was annealed in a temperature range of 650 °C–900 °C, and the cubic-tetragonal structure transition and microstructure evolution of the powder were investigated in relation to the annealing process. The BaTiO3 powder used had a cubic structure below an annealing temperature of 800 °C and a tetragonal structure above 850 °C. Particle growth occurred under a low activation energy of ∼33.2 kJ mol−1 because of the nanocrystalline size effect, while the crystallite size slightly decreased in the powder with the cubic structure and sharply increased in that with the tetragonal structure. This was because the OH group in the powder with the cubic structure influenced the lattice extension on the particle surface. This stabilized the cubic structure and reduced the crystal ordering, which retarded the crystallite size. When the annealing temperature was increased, the crystallite growth reduced the intrinsic strain and enhanced the tetragonality in the powder with the tetragonal structure as a result of the removal of the OH group.
Miniature ion analyzer for applications in space weather monitoring
Authors: Shestakov A Yu , Moiseenko D A , Shuvalov S D , Zhuravlev R N 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This article presents the results of development and testing of a simple and compact ion energy-mass analyzer. PICA (Plasma Ion Compact Analyzer) is designed as a solution for solar wind measurements, polar proton precipitation monitoring and as a miniature solution for various space plasma experiments. We introduce general ideas that lead to the development of a simple and low-cost instrument and review several operating plasma instruments. After we address our previous results in modeling a possible scheme of the instrument and indicate improvements based on the results of previous research. We introduce the details of computer modeling of an improved for space application model, the results of prototype tests and flight configuration unit preformance. During the tests we checked the energy and mass resolutions of the laboratory prototype (ΔE/E = 4% M/ΔM = 4–8). All parameters were checked for the energy range of the upper boundary of 5 keV owing to the limitations of our equipment. The analytical characteristics of the instrument allow for distinguishing the fluxes of protons and alpha particles and monitoring the main parameters of the solar wind. The flight configuration of the instrument and can be placed on 3U CubeSATs.
Understanding the role of dopamine in cancer: past, present and future
Authors: Grant Christopher E , Flis Amy L , Ryan Bríd M 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Dopamine (DA, 3-hydroxytyramine) is a member of the catecholamine family and is classically characterized according to its role in the central nervous system as a neurotransmitter. In recent decades, many novel and intriguing discoveries have been made about the peripheral expression of DA receptors (DRs) and the role of DA signaling in both normal and pathological processes. Drawing from decades of evidence suggesting a link between DA and cancer, the DA pathway has recently emerged as a potential target in antitumor therapies. Due to the onerous, expensive and frequently unsuccessful nature of drug development, the repurposing of dopaminergic drugs for cancer therapy has the potential to greatly benefit patients and drug developers alike. However, the lack of clear mechanistic data supporting the direct involvement of DRs and their downstream signaling components in cancer represents an ongoing challenge that has limited the translation of these drugs to the clinic. Despite this, the breadth of evidence linking DA to cancer and non-tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment justifies further inquiry into the potential applications of this treatment modality in cancer. Herein, we review the literature characterizing the interplay between the DA signaling axis and cancer, highlighting key findings, and then propose rational lines of investigation to follow.
Relative Virulence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Among Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Individuals Hospitalized With SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Grima Alicia A , Murison Kiera R , Simmons Alison E , Tuite Ashleigh R , Fisman David N 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background
The rapid development of safe and effective vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been a singular scientific achievement. Confounding due to health-seeking behaviors, circulating variants, and differential testing by vaccination status may bias analyses toward an apparent increase in infection severity following vaccination.

Methods
We used data from the Ontario, Canada, Case and Contact Management Database and a provincial vaccination dataset (COVaxON) to create a time-matched cohort of individuals who were hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Vaccinated individuals were matched to up to 5 unvaccinated individuals based on test date. Risk of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and death were evaluated using conditional logistic regression.

Results
In 20 064 individuals (3353 vaccinated and 16 711 unvaccinated) hospitalized with infection due to SARS-CoV-2 between 1 January 2021 and 5 January 2022, vaccination with 1, 2, or 3 doses significantly reduced the risk of ICU admission and death. An inverse dose–response relationship was observed between vaccine doses received and both outcomes (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] per additional dose for ICU admission, 0.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], .62 to .71; aOR for death, 0.78; 95% CI, .72 to .84).

Conclusions
We identified decreased virulence of SARS-CoV-2 infections in vaccinated individuals, even when vaccines failed to prevent infection sufficiently severe to cause hospitalization. Even with diminished efficacy of vaccines against infection with novel variants of concern, vaccines remain an important tool for reduction of ICU admission and mortality.
Loss ofneurexin-1inDrosophila melanogasterresults in altered energy metabolism and increased seizure susceptibility
Authors: Levy Kyra A , Weisz Eliana D , Jongens Thomas A 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlthough autism is typically characterized by differences in language, social interaction and restrictive, repetitive behaviors, it is becoming more well known in the field that alterations in energy metabolism and mitochondrial function are comorbid disorders in autism. The synaptic cell adhesion molecule, neurexin-1 (NRXN1), has previously been implicated in autism, and here we show that in Drosophila melanogaster, the homologue of NRXN1, called Nrx-1, regulates energy metabolism and nutrient homeostasis. First, we show that Nrx-1-null flies exhibit decreased resistance to nutrient deprivation and heat stress compared to controls. Additionally, Nrx-1 mutants exhibit a significantly altered metabolic profile characterized by decreased lipid and carbohydrate stores. Nrx-1-null Drosophila also exhibit diminished levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), an important coenzyme in major energy metabolism pathways. Moreover, loss of Nrx-1 resulted in striking abnormalities in mitochondrial morphology in the flight muscle of Nrx-1-null Drosophila and impaired flight ability in these flies. Further, following a mechanical shock Nrx-1-null flies exhibited seizure-like activity, a phenotype previously linked to defects in mitochondrial metabolism and a common symptom of patients with NRXN1 deletions. The current studies indicate a novel role for NRXN1 in the regulation of energy metabolism and uncover a clinically relevant seizure phenotype in Drosophila lacking Nrx-1.
The Mitogenome Relationships and Phylogeography of Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica)
Authors: Lombardo Gianluca , Rambaldi Migliore Nicola , Colombo Giulia , Capodiferro Marco Rosario , Formenti Giulio , Caprioli Manuela , Moroni Elisabetta , Caporali Leonardo , Lancioni Hovirag , Secomandi Simona , Gallo Guido Roberto , Costanzo Alessandra , Romano Andrea , Garofalo Maria , Cereda Cristina , Carelli Valerio , Gillespie Lauren , Liu Yang , Kiat Yosef , Marzal Alfonso , López-Calderón Cosme , Balbontín Javier , Mousseau Timothy A. , Matyjasiak Piotr , Møller Anders Pape , Semino Ornella , Ambrosini Roberto , Bonisoli-Alquati Andrea , Rubolini Diego , Ferretti Luca , Achilli Alessandro , Gianfranceschi Luca , Olivieri Anna , Torroni Antonio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe barn swallow (Hirundo rustica) poses a number of fascinating scientific questions, including the taxonomic status of postulated subspecies. Here, we obtained and assessed the sequence variation of 411 complete mitogenomes, mainly from the European H. r. rustica, but other subspecies as well. In almost every case, we observed subspecies-specific haplogroups, which we employed together with estimated radiation times to postulate a model for the geographical and temporal worldwide spread of the species. The female barn swallow carrying the Hirundo rustica ancestral mitogenome left Africa (or its vicinity) around 280 thousand years ago (kya), and her descendants expanded first into Eurasia and then, at least 51 kya, into the Americas, from where a relatively recent (&lt;20 kya) back migration to Asia took place. The exception to the haplogroup subspecies specificity is represented by the sedentary Levantine H. r. transitiva that extensively shares haplogroup A with the migratory European H. r. rustica and, to a lesser extent, haplogroup B with the Egyptian H. r. savignii. Our data indicate that rustica and transitiva most likely derive from a sedentary Levantine population source that split at the end of the Younger Dryas (YD) (11.7 kya). Since then, however, transitiva received genetic inputs from and admixed with both the closely related rustica and the adjacent savignii. Demographic analyses confirm this species’ strong link with climate fluctuations and human activities making it an excellent indicator for monitoring and assessing the impact of current global changes on wildlife.
Renal denervation in patients with chronic kidney disease: current evidence and future perspectives
Authors: Schmieder Roland E 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Supported by several high-quality randomized controlled trials and registry analyses, catheter-based renal denervation is becoming an important adjunctive treatment modality for the safe and efficacious treatment of hypertension besides lifestyle modifications and antihypertensive medication. Renal denervation is of particular interest to nephrologists as the intervention may provide additional benefits to hypertensive people with chronic kidney disease (CKD), a condition typically characterized by sympathetic hyperactivity. A growing body of clinical evidence supports the safety and efficacy of renal denervation in this difficult-to-control population. In addition, preclinical and clinical research works indicate potential nephroprotective effects in CKD patients. The current review examines recent research on renal denervation with a focus on renal disease and assesses the latest findings and their implications from a nephrologist's perspective.
FDA Evaluating Possible Serious Risks From Umbralisib
Authors: Aschenbrenner Diane S. 
Published: May 2022

Initial clinical trial data for umbralisib (Ukoniq), a drug currently approved to treat relapsed or refractory marginal zone lymphoma and relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma, indicate that umbralisib may increase the risk of death or serious adverse effects when given with a specific monoclonal antibody to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia.Patients receiving umbralisib to treat lymphomas should be evaluated closely for adverse effects. Nurses and other health care providers should report any of these adverse effects to the Food and Drug Administration's MedWatch program.
Distrust of Public Health's Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hurt Maria Christina 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Public health recommendations at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic were initially well received by Americans. But when personal, economic, and social impacts were felt, a concerted pushback began. The response to pandemic mitigation measures has become increasingly partisan, exacerbated by an ideological divide fueled by news sources and social media. Nurses, whether working in public health or other fields, can contribute to rebuilding trust in public health institutions.
Improving Helmet CPAP Use During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Privitera Daniele , Mazzone Annamaria , Vailati Paolo , Amato Raffaela , Capsoni Nicolò 
Published: May 2022

The aim of this article is to describe the importance of a multidisciplinary team dedicated to noninvasive ventilation training of the emergency department's staff. In our experience, the presence of a medical and nursing “noninvasive ventilation group” made it possible to quickly teach expertise on the management of noninvasive ventilation of COVID-19 patients among emergency department doctors and nurses. This allowed improving a standardized approach regarding the identification and ventilatory assistance of patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia needing ventilatory support, the correct use of the devices, and quick identification and reduction of the complications associated with noninvasive ventilation.
In this article, we would like to encourage the formation of similar working groups in all situations where this is not yet present.