bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of prolonged storage on quality characteristics of recovered plasma: Is there an expiration date?
Authors: Politou Marianna , Kontoteza Ifigeneia Vasiliki , Pouliakis Abraham , Dryllis Georgios , Fortsa Panagiota , Valsami Serena , Stamoulis Konstantinos 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough there are guidelines on industrial manufacture of plasma‐derived medicinal products, there are no clear recommendations about plasma intended for fractionation, as there is no expiry time and the effect of prolonged storage on the activity of coagulation factors is unknown.Study and design methodsA total of 237 units of plasma stored at −30°C in the National Blood Transfusion Centre for 1 year (62 units), 5 years (75 units), and 10 years (100 units) were studied. The effect of storage time was investigated by determining the activity of clotting factors FII, FV, FVII, FVIII, FIX, FX, FXI, FXII, FXIII using coagulometric methods and antithrombin III and fibrinogen with chromogenic assays, using System BCSR > XP (Siemens Healthcare diagnostics Marburg, Germany). Albumin was measured by Medilyzer (BX, Medicon). ABO blood group was recorded and correlated with the levels of FVIII. Comparison of values between one and five, 1 and 10 and 5 and 10 years of storage was performed via the SAS for Windows 9.4 software platform (SAS Institute Inc., NC, U.S.A.).ResultsAlbumin, AT III, fibrinogen, FIX, FXI, FXII, and FXIII remain rather stable even after 10 years of storage. Levels of FII, FV, FVII, FVIII, and FX decreased after 5 years of storage.DiscussionOur study is in agreement with all the previous studies and concludes that there is a putative usability of recovered plasma and some of its coagulation factors after many years of storage at the recommended temperature.
A cross‐species validation of single‐beat metrics of cardiac contractility
Authors: Ahmadian Mehdi , Williams Alexandra M. , Mannozzi Joseph , Konecny Filip , Hoiland Ryan L. , Wainman Liisa , Erskine Erin , Duffy Jennifer , Manouchehri Neda , So Kitty , Tauh Keerit , Sala‐Mercado Javier A. , Shortt Katelyn , Fisk Shera , Kim Kyoung‐Tae , Streijger Femke , Foster Glen E. , Kwon Brian K. , O'Leary Donal S. , West Christopher R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe assessment of left ventricular (LV) contractility in animal models is useful in various experimental paradigms, yet obtaining such measures is inherently challenging and surgically invasive. In a cross‐species study using small and large animals, we comprehensively tested the agreement and validity of multiple single‐beat surrogate metrics of LV contractility against the field‐standard metrics derived from inferior vena cava occlusion (IVCO). Fifty‐six rats, 27 minipigs and 11 conscious dogs underwent LV and arterial catheterization and were assessed for a range of single‐beat metrics of LV contractility. All single‐beat metrics were tested for the various underlying assumptions required to be considered a valid metric of cardiac contractility, including load‐independency, sensitivity to inotropic stimulation, and ability to diagnose contractile dysfunction in cardiac disease. Of all examined single‐beat metrics, only LV maximal pressure normalized to end‐diastolic volume (EDV), end‐systolic pressure normalized to EDV, and the maximal rate of rise of the LV pressure normalized to EDV showed a moderate‐to‐excellent agreement with their IVCO‐derived reference measure and met all the underlying assumptions required to be considered as a valid cardiac contractile metric in both rodents and large‐animal models. Our findings demonstrate that single‐beat metrics can be used as a valid, reliable method to quantify cardiac contractile function in basic/preclinical experiments utilizing small‐ and large‐animal models
imageKey points
Validating and comparing indices of cardiac contractility that avoid caval occlusion would offer considerable advantages for the field of cardiovascular physiology.
We comprehensively test the underlying assumptions of multiple single‐beat indices of cardiac contractility in rodents and translate these findings to pigs and conscious dogs.
We show that when performing caval occlusion is unfeasible, single‐beat metrics can be utilized to accurately quantify cardiac inotropic function in basic and preclinical research employing various small and large animal species.
We report that maximal left‐ventricular (LV)‐pressure normalized to end‐diastolic volume (EDV), LV end‐systolic pressure normalized to EDV and the maximal rate of rise of the LV pressure waveform normalized to EDV are the best three single‐beat metrics to measure cardiac inotropic function in both small‐ and large‐animal models.
A Hybrid, Runtime Coupled Incompressible CFD-CAA Method for Analysis of Thermoacoustic Instabilities
Authors: Reinhardt Hanna , Alanyalıoğlu Çetin , Fischer André , Lahiri Claus , Hasse Christian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Thermoacoustic instabilities in gas turbine engines are of increasing interest for design of future low-emission technology combustors. Numerical methods used to predict thermoacoustic instabilities often employ either fully compressible resource-intense computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, or two-step approaches where source terms extracted from CFD simulations are supplied to subsequent computational aeroacoustics (CAA) simulations. This work demonstrates an analysis of self-excited thermoacoustic instabilities using a hybrid method based on runtime coupling of incompressible CFD and CAA simulations. A prior implementation for the computation of combustion noise through one-way coupling of CFD and CAA solvers has been extended to a two-way coupling that allows acoustics to influence the flow field. The resulting hybrid method couples acoustic and convective physical phenomena by using mean flow field quantities and the thermoacoustic energy source term obtained from the solution of the Navier–Stokes equations in the low Mach number limit as an input for the acoustic perturbation equations (APEs). The fluctuating acoustic quantities pressure and velocity obtained from the solution of the APE are in turn included in the solution of the low Mach number Navier–Stokes equations, influencing the convective dynamics of the flow field. The suitability of the present implementation to capture thermoacoustic feedback is demonstrated through analysis of the well-known self-excited instability observed in a Rijke tube. The results are presented and discussed in comparison with a fully compressible reference solution.
Experimentally Validated Design of an Anode Recirculation Blower for Polymer-Electrolyte-Membrane Fuel Cells Under Variable Fluid Composition
Authors: Nachtigal Philipp , Kentschke Thorge , Seume Joerg R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper focuses on the design, construction, and the experimental testing of an anode recirculation blower (ARB) based on a turbocompressor for PEM-FCs. The blower presented consists of a high-speed centrifugal compressor, driven by a so-called media-gap motor. Additionally, it includes a droplet separator to eliminate liquid water from the anode loop. The aerodynamic design is based on one-dimensional-correlations and three-dimensional-numerical CFD simulations. Different gas compositions of hydrogen, nitrogen, and water vapor are considered in the design, depending on the operating points of a PEM-FC. The gas composition has a significant influence on the achievable pressure ratio at constant compressor speeds, depending mainly on the specific heat capacity of the gas. Performance maps for different gas compositions are calculated using CFD for the designed ARB. A prototype is built and tested. The results validate the CFD predictions and show that the operating range of a PEM fuel cell can be covered with the present blower. In addition, it could be shown that an enthalpy-based approach using common characteristic numbers of turbomachines, allows converting performance maps—acquired with different gas compositions—into one another. This allows the performance map prediction for different gas compositions based on existing performance maps. This approach is illustrated by numerical and experimental results.
Dynamic Versus Quasi-Static Analysis of Crack Propagation in Soft Materials
Authors: Abu-Qbeitah Suhib , Jabareen Mahmood , Volokh Konstantin Y. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cracks usually propagate dynamically that makes them so dangerous. However, most crack simulations are based on quasi-static analyses because they are simpler than the dynamic ones. Is it correct to use quasi-static analyses instead of the dynamic ones? Will the quasi-static and dynamic simulations provide similar results? We try to answer these questions in the present work. We compare results of quasi-static and dynamic simulations of crack propagation in aneurysm material. We use the material-sink (MS) approach, which is based on the notion of the diffused bond breakage. The latter feature implies a local loss of material and, consequently, decrease of mass density, which, in its turn, means that both stiffness and inertia go down in the damaged zone. The cancellation of inertia is an important feature of the MS approach in contrast to more formal regularization theories as phase field, gradient damage, and other nonlocal formulations. The MS approach is implemented within commercial finite-element software abaqus. A reduced mixed finite-element formulation is adopted to circumvent the volumetric locking and an implicit staggered solution algorithm is developed via the user-defined element subroutine UEL. Considered examples show that the onset of crack instability under static loads is followed by the dynamic rather than quasi-static crack propagation. Moreover, dynamic and quasi-static simulations, generally, provide different results.
Intelligent Detection and Classification of Surface Defects on Cold-Rolled Galvanized Steel Strips Using a Data-Driven Faulty Model With Attention Mechanism
Authors: Chen Hao , Nie Zhenguo , Xu Qingfeng , Fei Jianghua , Yang Kang , Li Yaguan , Lin Hongbin , Fan Wenhui , Liu Xin-Jun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the production of cold-rolled galvanized steel strips used for stamping car body parts, the in-situ and real-time defect detection is crucial for quality control, in which various types of defects inevitably occur. It is challenging to improve the accuracy of defect detection and classification by appropriate means to assist the manual screening process better. Defects under actual production conditions are often not prominent enough in defect characteristics, and there may be a significant similarity between different defect categories. To eliminate this weakness, we propose a data-driven deep learning approach named steel surface faulty detection attention net (SSFDANet) that uses images of the galvanized steel surfaces as input to identify whether the product is qualified and automatic classification of defect types instantaneously. This method can shorten product inspection time and improve the production line automation efficiency. In addition, the attention mechanism is utilized to enhance the performance of SSFDANet. Compared with the baseline ResNet, SSFDANet achieves a noticeable improvement in classification accuracy on test data. The well-trained model can successfully show an improved performance than the baseline models on the multiple types of faulty. Enhanced by SSFDANet with high classification accuracy, the defect rate of products is significantly reduced, and the production speed of the production line is significantly improved. Future prospective studies that are inspired by this article are also discussed.
A Review of Cuspidal Serial and Parallel Manipulators
Authors: Wenger Philippe , Chablat Damien 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cuspidal robots can move from one inverse or direct kinematic solution to another without ever passing through a singularity. These robots have remained unknown because almost all industrial robots do not have this feature. However, in fact, industrial robots are the exceptions. Some robots appeared recently in the industrial market can be shown to be cuspidal, but, surprisingly, almost nobody knows it and robot users meet difficulties in planning trajectories with these robots. This article proposes a review on the fundamental and application aspects of cuspidal robots. It addresses the important issues raised by these robots for the design and planning of trajectories. The identification of all cuspidal robots is still an open issue. This article recalls in details the case of serial robots with three joints, but it also addresses robots with more complex architectures such as 6-revolute-jointed robot and parallel robots. We hope that this article will help disseminate more wide knowledge on cuspidal robots.
Therapeutic effects of exercise interventions for patients with chronic kidney disease: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses
Authors: Zhang Fan , Bai Yan , Zhao Xing , Huang Liuyan , Wang Weiqiong , Zhou Wenqin , Zhang Huachun 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo conduct an overview of meta-analyses evaluating the impact of exercise interventions on improving health outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).DesignAn umbrella review of systematic review and meta-analyses of intervention trials was performed.Data sourcesPubMed, Web of Science, Embase and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched from inception to 9 March 2021 for relevant articles.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesEligible meta-analyses compared the effects of usual care with and without exercise in patients with CKD. Health outcomes included those related to cardiovascular risk factors, physical fitness, dialysis-related symptoms, dialysis adequacy and health-related quality of life. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses that included fewer than 3 RCTs or fewer than 100 participants were excluded from the analysis.ResultsA total of 31 eligible systematic reviews and meta-analyses were included that assessed 120 outcomes. For physical fitness, there was a moderate effect size for cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength and body composition and small effect size for muscle endurance. The effect sizes for cardiovascular risk factors, dialysis-related symptoms and health-related quality of life outcomes were small. According to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework, most outcomes were low or very low quality.ConclusionExercise appears to be a safe way to affect concomitant cardiovascular risk factors, such as blood pressure, improve physical fitness and health-related quality of life and reduce dialysis-related symptoms in patients with CKD.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020223591.
Acceptability of text messages and knowledge change for cervical cancer screening: a Tanzanian mixed methods study
Authors: Løkke Kristian Foldager , Rasch Vibeke , Mwaiselage Julius , Gammeltoft Tine , Linde Ditte Søndergaard 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate the acceptability of a text message intervention and evaluate if text messages could increase knowledge of cervical cancer and screening.DesignThis study was a substudy of a randomised controlled trial that used a mixed methods research design combining a quantitative questionnaire dataset and qualitative interview data. A before and after assessment was made of questionnaire responses. Acceptability was measured on a 6-point Likert scale and knowledge was measured through 16 binary true/false knowledge questions concerning cervical cancer and screening. Qualitative data were coded using a combined inductive–deductive approach.SettingOcean Road Cancer Institute in Dar es Salaam as well as Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center and Mawenzi Regional hospital in the Kilimanjaro Region in Tanzania.ParticipantsHuman papillomavirus (HPV) positive women who had been randomised to the intervention group and received educative and reminder messages. Qualitative interviews were conducted with a subgroup of women in the intervention group.Interventions15 one-way educative and reminder text messages.ResultsA total of 115 women in the intervention group responded to both the baseline and follow-up questionnaire. Overall, women found it highly acceptable to receive text messages, and there was a trend towards acceptability rising between baseline and follow-up (mean: 0.22; 95% CI 0.00 to 0.44; p=0.05; t-statics=1.96). A significant increase in acceptability was found among the lowest educated and those who had not previously been screened. The qualitative interviews showed that the underlying reasons for the high acceptability rate were that the women felt someone cared for them and that the text messages were for their own benefits. The text messages did not improve the women’s knowledge on cervical cancer and screening.ConclusionsEducative and reminder text messages are highly acceptable among HPV-positive Tanzanian women; however, they do not increase the women’s knowledge of cervical cancer and screening.Trial registration numberclingov (NCT02509702).
Protocol for community-driven selection of strategies to implement evidence-based practices to reduce opioid overdoses in the HEALing Communities Study: a trial to evaluate a community-engaged intervention in Kentucky, Massachusetts, New York and Ohio
Authors: Young April M , Brown Jennifer L , Hunt Timothy , Sprague Martinez Linda S , Chandler Redonna , Oga Emmanuel , Winhusen T John , Baker Trevor , Battaglia Tracy , Bowers-Sword Rachel , Button Amy , Fallin-Bennett Amanda , Fanucchi Laura , Freeman Patricia , Glasgow LaShawn M , Gulley Jennifer , Kendell Charles , Lofwall Michelle , Lyons Michael S , Quinn Maria , Rapkin Bruce David , Surratt Hilary L , Walsh Sharon L 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionOpioid-involved overdose deaths continue to surge in many communities, despite numerous evidence-based practices (EBPs) that exist to prevent them. The HEALing Communities Study (HCS) was launched to develop and test an intervention (ie, Communities That HEAL (CTH)) that supports communities in expanding uptake of EBPs to reduce opioid-involved overdose deaths. This paper describes a protocol for a process foundational to the CTH intervention through which community coalitions select strategies to implement EBPs locally.Methods and analysisThe CTH is being implemented in 67 communities (randomised to receive the intervention) in four states in partnership with coalitions (one per community). Coalitions must select at least five strategies, including one to implement each of the following EBPs: (a) overdose education and naloxone distribution; expanded (b) access to medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), (c) linkage to MOUD, (d) retention in MOUD and (e) safer opioid prescribing/dispensing. Facilitated by decision aid tools, the community action planning process includes (1) data-driven goal setting, (2) discussion and prioritisation of EBP strategies, (3) selection of EBP strategies and (4) identification of next steps. Following review of epidemiologic data and information on existing local services, coalitions set goals and discuss, score and/or rank EBP strategies based on feasibility, appropriateness within the community context and potential impact on reducing opioid-involved overdose deaths with a focus on three key sectors (healthcare, behavioural health and criminal justice) and high-risk/vulnerable populations. Coalitions then select EBP strategies through consensus or majority vote and, subsequently, suggest or choose agencies with which to partner for implementation.Ethics and disseminationThe HCS protocol was approved by a central Institutional Review Board (Advarra). Results of the action planning process will be disseminated in academic conferences and peer-reviewed journals, online and print media, and in meetings with community stakeholders.Trial registration numberNCT04111939.
Embedded point of care randomisation for evaluating comparative effectiveness questions: PROSPECTOR-critical care feasibility study protocol
Authors: Wilson Matthew G , Asselbergs Folkert W , Miguel Ruben , Brealey David , Harris Steve K 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionMany routinely administered treatments lack evidence as to their effectiveness. When treatments lack evidence, patients receive varying care based on the preferences of clinicians. Standard randomised controlled trials are unsuited to comparisons of different routine treatment strategies, and there remains little economic incentive for change.Integrating clinical trial infrastructure into electronic health record systems offers the potential for routine treatment comparisons at scale, through reduced trial costs. To date, embedded trials have automated data collection, participant identification and eligibility screening, but randomisation and consent remain manual and therefore costly tasks.This study will investigate the feasibility of using computer prompts to allow flexible randomisation at the point of clinical decision making. It will compare the effectiveness of two prompt designs through the lens of a candidate research question—comparing liberal or restrictive magnesium supplementation practices for critical care patients. It will also explore the acceptability of two consent models for conducting comparative effectiveness research.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a single centre, mixed-methods feasibility study, aiming to recruit 50 patients undergoing elective surgery requiring postoperative critical care admission. Participants will be randomised to either ‘Nudge’ or ‘Preference’ designs of electronic point-of-care randomisation prompt, and liberal or restrictive magnesium supplementation.We will judge feasibility through a combination of study outcomes. The primary outcome will be the proportion of prompts displayed resulting in successful randomisation events (compliance with the allocated magnesium strategy). Secondary outcomes will evaluate the acceptability of both prompt designs to clinicians and ascertain the acceptability of pre-emptive and opt-out consent models to patients.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by Riverside Research Ethics Committee (Ref: 21/LO/0785) and will be published on completion.Trial registration numberNCT05149820.