bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endosymbionts moderate constrained sex allocation in a haplodiploid thrips species in a temperature-sensitive way
Authors: Katlav Alihan , Nguyen Duong T. , Morrow Jennifer L. , Spooner-Hart Robert N. , Riegler Markus 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMaternally inherited bacterial endosymbionts that affect host fitness are common in nature. Some endosymbionts colonise host populations by reproductive manipulations (such as cytoplasmic incompatibility; CI) that increase the reproductive fitness of infected over uninfected females. Theory predicts that CI-inducing endosymbionts in haplodiploid hosts may also influence sex allocation, including in compatible crosses, however, empirical evidence for this is scarce. We examined the role of two common CI-inducing endosymbionts, Cardinium and Wolbachia, in the sex allocation of Pezothrips kellyanus, a haplodiploid thrips species with a split sex ratio. In this species, irrespective of infection status, some mated females are constrained to produce extremely male-biased broods, whereas other females produce extremely female-biased broods. We analysed brood sex ratio of females mated with males of the same infection status at two temperatures. We found that at 20 °C the frequency of constrained sex allocation in coinfected pairs was reduced by 27% when compared to uninfected pairs. However, at 25 °C the constrained sex allocation frequency increased and became similar between coinfected and uninfected pairs, resulting in more male-biased population sex ratios at the higher temperature. This temperature-dependent pattern occurred without changes in endosymbiont densities and compatibility. Our findings indicate that endosymbionts affect sex ratios of haplodiploid hosts beyond the commonly recognised reproductive manipulations by causing female-biased sex allocation in a temperature-dependent fashion. This may contribute to a higher transmission efficiency of CI-inducing endosymbionts and is consistent with previous models that predict that CI by itself is less efficient in driving endosymbiont invasions in haplodiploid hosts.
Superelastic alloy based electrical interconnects for highly stretchable electronics
Authors: Zhao Yangyong , Zhou Weifan , Shi Yixiang , Yang Xianqing , Bai Yuanyuan , Li Lianhui , Wang Shuqi , Li Tie , Feng Simin , Zhang Ting 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTo achieve stretchable inorganic electronics, improving elastic stretchability of the electrical interconnects becomes a bottleneck needed to be addressed. Here, we propose a material of Ni-Ti superelastic alloy for the design and fabrication of deformable interconnects, whose intrinsic elastic property overcomes the low intrinsic elastic strain limit of conventional metals. The serpentine interconnect made by Ni-Ti alloy with an intrinsic elastic strain limit of ~7.5% represents a much higher elastic stretchability than conventional Cu interconnect. The deformation behavior of the interconnect is systematically investigated through finite element analysis (FEA) simulations and experiments. The results reveal that the interconnect exhibits an elastic stretchability up to 196%, and its resistance only changes by 0.4% with 100% strain. Moreover, the potentials and challenges of other superelastic alloys as electrical interconnects are discussed. The proposed superelastic alloys fundamentally boost the stretchable properties of electrical interconnects, which would open up opportunities for flexible and stretchable electronics.
Answer ALS, a large-scale resource for sporadic and familial ALS combining clinical and multi-omics data from induced pluripotent cell lines
Authors: Baxi Emily G. , Thompson Terri , Li Jonathan , Kaye Julia A. , Lim Ryan G. , Wu Jie , Ramamoorthy Divya , Lima Leandro , Vaibhav Vineet , Matlock Andrea , Frank Aaron , Coyne Alyssa N. , Landin Barry , Ornelas Loren , Mosmiller Elizabeth , Thrower Sara , Farr S. Michelle , Panther Lindsey , Gomez Emilda , Galvez Erick , Perez Daniel , Meepe Imara , Lei Susan , Mandefro Berhan , Trost Hannah , Pinedo Louis , Banuelos Maria G. , Liu Chunyan , Moran Ruby , Garcia Veronica , Workman Michael , Ho Richie , Wyman Stacia , Roggenbuck Jennifer , Harms Matthew B. , Stocksdale Jennifer , Miramontes Ricardo , Wang Keona , Venkatraman Vidya , Holewenski Ronald , Sundararaman Niveda , Pandey Rakhi , Manalo Danica-Mae , Donde Aneesh , Huynh Nhan , Adam Miriam , Wassie Brook T. , Vertudes Edward , Amirani Naufa , Raja Krishna , Thomas Reuben , Hayes Lindsey , Lenail Alex , Cerezo Aianna , Luppino Sarah , Farrar Alanna , Pothier Lindsay , Prina Carolyn , Morgan Todd , Jamil Arish , Heintzman Sarah , Jockel-Balsarotti Jennifer , Karanja Elizabeth , Markway Jesse , McCallum Molly , Joslin Ben , Alibazoglu Deniz , Kolb Stephen , Ajroud-Driss Senda , Baloh Robert , Heitzman Daragh , Miller Tim , Glass Jonathan D. , Patel-Murray Natasha Leanna , Yu Hong , Sinani Ervin , Vigneswaran Prasha , Sherman Alexander V. , Ahmad Omar , Roy Promit , Beavers Jay C. , Zeiler Steven , Krakauer John W. , Agurto Carla , Cecchi Guillermo , Bellard Mary , Raghav Yogindra , Sachs Karen , Ehrenberger Tobias , Bruce Elizabeth , Cudkowicz Merit E. , Maragakis Nicholas , Norel Raquel , Van Eyk Jennifer E. , Finkbeiner Steven , Berry James , Sareen Dhruv , Thompson Leslie M. , Fraenkel Ernest , Svendsen Clive N. , Rothstein Jeffrey D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAnswer ALS is a biological and clinical resource of patient-derived, induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell lines, multi-omic data derived from iPS neurons and longitudinal clinical and smartphone data from over 1,000 patients with ALS. This resource provides population-level biological and clinical data that may be employed to identify clinical–molecular–biochemical subtypes of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). A unique smartphone-based system was employed to collect deep clinical data, including fine motor activity, speech, breathing and linguistics/cognition. The iPS spinal neurons were blood derived from each patient and these cells underwent multi-omic analytics including whole-genome sequencing, RNA transcriptomics, ATAC-sequencing and proteomics. The intent of these data is for the generation of integrated clinical and biological signatures using bioinformatics, statistics and computational biology to establish patterns that may lead to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of disease, including subgroup identification. A web portal for open-source sharing of all data was developed for widespread community-based data analytics.
EU-Trees4F, a dataset on the future distribution of European tree species
Authors: Mauri Achille , Girardello Marco , Strona Giovanni , Beck Pieter S. A. , Forzieri Giovanni , Caudullo Giovanni , Manca Federica , Cescatti Alessandro 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe present “EU-Trees4F”, a dataset of current and future potential distributions of 67 tree species in Europe at 10 km spatial resolution. We provide both climatically suitable future areas of occupancy and the future distribution expected under a scenario of natural dispersal for two emission scenarios (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5) and three time steps (2035, 2065, and 2095). Also, we provide a version of the dataset where tree ranges are limited by future land use. These data-driven projections were made using an ensemble species distribution model calibrated using EU-Forest, a comprehensive dataset of tree species occurrences for Europe, and driven by seven bioclimatic parameters derived from EURO-CORDEX regional climate model simulations, and two soil parameters. “EU-Trees4F”, can benefit various research fields, including forestry, biodiversity, ecosystem services, and bio-economy. Possible applications include the calibration or benchmarking of dynamic vegetation models, or informing forest adaptation strategies based on assisted tree migration. Given the multiple European policy initiatives related to forests, this dataset represents a timely and valuable resource to support policymaking.
The oxidative stress and metabolic response of Acinetobacter baumannii for aPDT multiple photosensitization
Authors: Wanarska Ewelina , Mielko Karolina Anna , Maliszewska Irena , Młynarz Piotr 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe use of antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation as a non-antibiotic alternative method to inactivate Acinetobacter baumannii was described in response to the ever-growing problem of antibiotic resistance. It was found that irradiation of the bacterial suspension for 10 min reduced the number of viable cells by approximately 99% and this energy fluence was considered to be sub-lethal phototherapy. The lethal dose of laser light (cell mortality about 99.9%) was 9.54 J cm−2, which corresponds to 30 min of irradiation. After a 15-fold phototherapy cycle, the tolerance to aPDT decreased, resulting in a decrease in the number of viable cells by 2.15 and 3.23 log10 CFU/ml units with the use of sub-lethal and lethal light doses, respectively. Multiple photosensitizations decreased the biofilm formation efficiency by 25 ± 1% and 35 ± 1%, respectively. No changes in antibiotic resistance were observed, whereas the cells were more sensitive to hydrogen peroxide. Metabolomic changes after multiple photosensitization were studied and 1H NMR measurements were used in statistical and multivariate data analysis. Many significant changes in the levels of the metabolites were detected demonstrating the response of A. baumannii to oxidative stress.
Umbrella effect of monitoring protocols for mammals in the Northeast US
Authors: Mortelliti Alessio , Brehm Allison M. , Evans Bryn E. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Developing cost-effective monitoring protocols is a priority for wildlife conservation agencies worldwide. In particular, developing protocols that cover a wide range of species is highly desirable. Here we applied the ‘umbrella species’ concept to the context of ecological monitoring; specifically testing the hypothesis that protocols developed for the American marten would contextually allow detecting occupancy trends for 13 other mammalian species (i.e., an umbrella effect). We conducted a large-scale four-year camera trapping survey across a gradient of forest disturbance in Maine, USA. We sampled 197 sites using a total of 591 cameras and collected over 800,000 photographs to generate detection histories for the most common terrestrial species. By combining multi-season occupancy modelling and power analyses, we estimated the required sampling effort to detect 10%, 25% and 50% declines in the fourteen species. By conducting a spatially explicit comparison of sampling effort, we found evidence that monitoring protocols for American marten would provide an umbrella effect for up to 11 other mammal species. The capacity of the umbrella effect varied among species, with fisher, snowshoe hare, red squirrel, and black bear consistently covered under several scenarios. Our results support the application of the umbrella species concept to monitoring (here defined as ‘umbrella monitoring species’), providing empirical evidence for its use by management agencies.
MACSima imaging cyclic staining (MICS) technology reveals combinatorial target pairs for CAR T cell treatment of solid tumors
Authors: Kinkhabwala Ali , Herbel Christoph , Pankratz Jennifer , Yushchenko Dmytro A. , Rüberg Silvia , Praveen Paurush , Reiß Sandy , Rodriguez Federico Carlos , Schäfer Daniel , Kollet Jutta , Dittmer Vera , Martinez-Osuna Manuel , Minnerup Lara , Reinhard Claudia , Dzionek Andrzej , Rockel Thomas Dino , Borbe Stefan , Büscher Martin , Krieg Jürgen , Nederlof Michel , Jungblut Melanie , Eckardt Dominik , Hardt Olaf , Dose Christian , Schumann Eik , Peters Ralf-Peter , Miltenyi Stefan , Schmitz Jürgen , Müller Werner , Bosio Andreas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMany critical advances in research utilize techniques that combine high-resolution with high-content characterization at the single cell level. We introduce the MICS (MACSima Imaging Cyclic Staining) technology, which enables the immunofluorescent imaging of hundreds of protein targets across a single specimen at subcellular resolution. MICS is based on cycles of staining, imaging, and erasure, using photobleaching of fluorescent labels of recombinant antibodies (REAfinity Antibodies), or release of antibodies (REAlease Antibodies) or their labels (REAdye_lease Antibodies). Multimarker analysis can identify potential targets for immune therapy against solid tumors. With MICS we analysed human glioblastoma, ovarian and pancreatic carcinoma, and 16 healthy tissues, identifying the pair EPCAM/THY1 as a potential target for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy for ovarian carcinoma. Using an Adapter CAR T cell approach, we show selective killing of cells only if both markers are expressed. MICS represents a new high-content microscopy methodology widely applicable for personalized medicine.
Vibration analysis of nanobeams subjected to gradient-type heating due to a static magnetic field under the theory of nonlocal elasticity
Authors: Ahmad Hijaz , Abouelregal Ahmed E. , Benhamed Moez , Alotaibi Maged Faihan , Jendoubi Abir 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) have received great interest from researchers around the world since the advent of nanotechnology and nanoengineering. This can be attributed due to the unique characteristics of NEMS devices and their wide range of applications. Among these applications, nanobeams and nanotubes now have an important role in the design of a variety of NEMS engineering devices. In the current research, the thermoelastic vibration analysis of Euler–Bernoulli nanobeams has been investigated using the theory of non-local elasticity proposed by Eringen. Also to study the effect of temperature change, the generalized thermoelastic model with dual phase-lag (DPL) is applied. The studied nanobeam is subjected to an axial thermal excitation load and surrounded by a magnetic field of constant strength. The Laplace transform technique has been used to solve the system differential equations and to find an approximate analytical solution for the different physical fields of the nanobeam. The numerical results obtained for the studied variables have been graphically clarified and discussed analytically. The effects of various influencing factors such as magnetic field strength, temperature change, non-local parameter as well as ramp type parameter have been examined and studied in detail.
Monitoring global climate change using GNSS radio occultation
Authors: Gleisner Hans , Ringer Mark A. , Healy Sean B. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe emerging signal of climate change is now clearly evident in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) radio occultation (RO) data, matching predictions made by climate models 15 years ago. The observed RO trends represent well-understood responses to global warming, in particular the widespread cooling of the lower stratosphere and warming of the troposphere. This demonstrates the value of RO measurements for climate monitoring, consistent with their information content and their use in both weather forecasting and atmospheric reanalyses.
Mt. Everest’s highest glacier is a sentinel for accelerating ice loss
Authors: Potocki Mariusz , Mayewski Paul Andrew , Matthews Tom , Perry L. Baker , Schwikowski Margit , Tait Alexander M. , Korotkikh Elena , Clifford Heather , Kang Shichang , Sherpa Tenzing Chogyal , Singh Praveen Kumar , Koch Inka , Birkel Sean 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMountain glacier systems are decreasing in volume worldwide yet relatively little is known about their upper reaches (>5000 m). Here we show, based on the world’s highest ice core and highest automatic weather stations, the significant and increasing role that melting and sublimation have on the mass loss of even Mt. Everest’s highest glacier (South Col Glacier, 8020 m). Estimated contemporary thinning rates approaching ~2 m a−1water equivalent (w.e.) indicate several decades of accumulation may be lost on an annual basis now that glacier ice has been exposed. These results identify extreme sensitivity to glacier surface type for high altitude Himalayan ice masses and forewarn of rapidly emerging impacts as Mt. Everest’s highest glacier appears destined for rapid retreat.
Cell density-dependent antibiotic tolerance to inhibition of the elongation machinery requires fully functional PBP1B
Authors: Grinnell Addison , Sloan Ryan , Morgenstein Randy M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe peptidoglycan (PG) cell wall provides shape and structure to most bacteria. There are two systems to build PG in rod shaped organisms: the elongasome and divisome, which are made up of many proteins including the essential MreB and PBP2, or FtsZ and PBP3, respectively. The elongasome is responsible for PG insertion during cell elongation, while the divisome is responsible for septal PG insertion during division. We found that the main elongasome proteins, MreB and PBP2, can be inhibited without affecting growth rate in a quorum sensing-independent density-dependent manner. Before cells reach a particular cell density, inhibition of the elongasome results in different physiological responses, including intracellular vesicle formation and an increase in cell size. This inhibition of MreB or PBP2 can be compensated for by the presence of the class A penicillin binding protein, PBP1B. Furthermore, we found this density-dependent growth resistance to be specific for elongasome inhibition and was consistent across multiple Gram-negative rods, providing new areas of research into antibiotic treatment.
The ubiquitous catechol moiety elicits siderophore and angucycline production in Streptomyces
Authors: van Bergeijk Doris A. , Elsayed Somayah S. , Du Chao , Santiago Isabel Nuñez , Roseboom Anna M. , Zhang Le , Carrión Victor J. , Spaink Herman P. , van Wezel Gilles P. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractActinobacteria are a rich source of bioactive molecules, and genome sequencing has shown that the vast majority of their biosynthetic potential has yet to be explored. However, many of their biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) are poorly expressed in the laboratory, which prevents discovery of their cognate natural products. To exploit their full biosynthetic potential, better understanding of the signals that promote the expression of BGCs is needed. Here, we show that the human stress hormone epinephrine (adrenaline) elicits siderophore production by Actinobacteria. Catechol was established as the likely eliciting moiety, since similar responses were seen for catechol and for the catechol-containing molecules dopamine and catechin but not for related molecules. Exploration of the catechol-responsive strain Streptomyces sp. MBT84 using mass spectral networking revealed elicitation of a BGC that produces the angucycline glycosides aquayamycin, urdamycinone B and galtamycin C. Heterologous expression of the catechol-cleaving enzymes catechol 1,2-dioxygenase or catechol 2,3-dioxygenase counteracted the eliciting effect of catechol. Thus, our work identifies the ubiquitous catechol moiety as a novel elicitor of the expression of BGCs for specialized metabolites.
Does Metformin Treatment in Pediatric Population Cause Vitamin B12
Deficiency?
Authors: Taş Özen , Kontbay Tugba , Dogan Ozlem , Kose Engin , Berberoglu Merih , Siklar Zeynep , Tumer Leyla , Eminoglu Fatma Tuba 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background/Aim There have been no studies to date examining the
effect of metformin treatment on vitamin B12 status in children and adolescents.
In this prospective study, the effects of metformin on blood vitamin B12, serum
methylmalonic acid (MMA), homocysteine and holo-transcobalamin-II (holo-TC-II)
levels were assessed in pediatric age group.
Materials and Methods This prospective study was conducted at the
Pediatric Endocrinology and Adolescent Department between January 2017 and March
2019. Metabolic syndrome and polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosed patients with
insulin resistance and/or impaired glucose tolerance, patients with type
2 diabetes mellitus (DM) treated with metformin were enrolled in study. Blood
vitamin B12, MMA, homocysteine, holo-TC-II levels and hemogram values were
evaluated.
Results Twenty-four patients were enrolled in study. Among these, 15
(62.5%) were female. The mean age of patients was 13.7±2.3
(10–19) years. Sixteen patients were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome
and 8 patients were type 2 DM. At 6-month follow-up of all patients, there was
no statistically significant difference in terms of vitamin B12, homocysteine,
MMA and holo-TC-II levels. A 0.6% decline in vitamin B12 levels were
revealed. At 12-month follow-up of 11 patients (45.8%) (6 Type 2 DM, 5
metabolic syndrome), no statistically significant difference was determined in
vitamin B12, homocysteine, MMA and holo-TC-II levels. There were 6%
decline in vitamin B12 levels and 10.9% increase in homocysteine levels,
5.4% decrease was detected in holo-TC-II level.
Conclusion Although no significant changes in the serum vitamin B12,
homocysteine, MMA or holo-TC-II levels with metformin therapy were detected,
long-term prospective studies with high-dose metformin treatment in pediatric
population are needed to confirm our results.
Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung im Studium:
Vorschläge für ein interdisziplinäres Curriculum in den
Studiengängen Humanmedizin und Erziehungswissenschaft
Authors: Rotthoff Thomas , Kunz Miriam , Goette Petra 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungFür die Hochschulmedizin ergeben sich aus der wachsenden Bedeutung von
Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung neue Herausforderungen. So
müssen neben Krankheiten verstärkt Gesundheitsressourcen und
-kompetenzen in den Blick genommen werden, um die Gesundheit zu stärken
und Krankheit zu vermeiden oder hinauszuzögern. Diese Inhalte
müssen zur Vorbereitung der späteren Fachkräfte bereits
in die medizinische Ausbildung integriert werden. Mit dem Ziel einer
stärkeren inhaltlichen Verankerung von Prävention und
Gesundheitsförderung und einer Stärkung der Zusammenarbeit von
Ärzt*innen mit anderen Gesundheitsberufen wird modellhaft ein
longitudinales Mustercurriculum für Studierende der Humanmedizin und
Erziehungswissenschaft an der Universität Augsburg entwickelt. Die
Studierenden sollen im Setting Hochschule für die Themen
Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung tiefgehender sensibilisiert
werden, interdisziplinär erste Erfahrungen sammeln und
anschließend in kleineren Projekten als Peers Maßnahmen zur
Gesundheitsförderung ihrer Mitstudierenden planen und umsetzen. Damit
soll das Setting Hochschule durch und für Studierende
gesundheitsförderlich gestaltet werden. Das Mustercurriculum soll
anderen Hochschulen „good practice“ Beispiele zur
Verfügung stellen, die dann lokal adaptiert und in die jeweiligen
Curricula integriert werden können.