bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors associated with quadbike crashes: a systematic review
Authors: Menon Preetha , El-Deyarbi Marwan , Khan Moien AB. , Al-Rifai Rami H. , Grivna Michal , Östlundh Linda , EI-Sadig Mohamed 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundQuadbikes or all-terrain vehicles are known for their propensity for crashes resulting in injury, disability, and death. The control of these needless losses resulting from quadbike crashes has become an essential contributor to sustainable development goals. Understanding the risk factors for such injuries is essential for developing preventive policies and strategies. The aim of this review was to identify the risk factors associated with quadbike crashes at multiple levels through a systematic review of a wide range of study designs.MethodsThe study incorporated a mixed-method systematic review approach and followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines for reporting systematic reviews, including a peer reviewed protocol. This systematic review included observational studies investigating the risk factors associated with quadbike crashes, injuries, or deaths. Seven electronic databases were searched from inception to October 2021. Studies were screened and extracted by three researchers. Quality appraisal was conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Due to extensive heterogeneity, meta-analysis was not conducted. All the risk factors have been presented in a narrative synthesis for discussion following the guidelines for Synthesis without Meta-analysis (SWiM).ResultsThirty-nine studies combining an aggregate of 65,170 participants were included in this systematic review. The results indicate that modifiable risk factors, such as the increasing age of driving initiation, reducing substance use, and the use of organized riding parks, could reduce quadbike injuries. Riding practices such as avoiding passengers, avoiding nighttime riding, and using helmets could significantly reduce crashes and injuries among riders. Vehicle modifications such as increasing the wheelbase and limiting engine displacement could also help reduce crash incidence. Traditional interventional methods, such as legislation and training, had a weak influence on reducing quadbike injuries.ConclusionMultiple risk factors are associated with quadbike injuries, with most of them modifiable. Strengthening policies and awareness to minimize risk factors would help in reducing accidents associated with quadbikes.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020170245
Meta-analysis of the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic appendectomy in the treatment of acute appendicitis
Authors: Zhang Guangzhe , Wu Bo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
This paper compares the postoperative recovery of patients with acute appendicitis (AA) after laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) and open appendectomy (OA), aiming to determine the optimal diagnosis and treatment plan for appendectomy.

Methods
Related literature was retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI and Wanfang databases. Articles on LA and OA for AA published between 2010 and 2021 were selected to extract data. Besides, Stata16.0 was used for meta-analysis.

Results
A total of 777 articles were retrieved, and 16 of them were finally selected. Totally, 1251 patients underwent LA, while 898 patients received OA. According to the results of meta-analysis, LA was associated with lower incidence of adverse reactions [OR = 0.257, 95% CI (0.162, 0.408), P < 0.001], shorter operation time (SMD = − 1.802, 95% CI − 2.435, − 1.169; P < 0.001) and hospitalization (SMD = − 1.184, 95% CI − 1.512, − 0.856; P < 0.001). In addition, compared with the OA group, LA was found with less intraoperative blood loss (SMD = − 3.650, 95% CI − 5.088, − 2.212; P < 0.001) and shorter recovery time of gastrointestinal function (SMD = − 3.010, 95% CI − 3.816, − 2.203; P < 0.001). Aside from all these, the counts of leukocyte (SMD = − 0.432, 95% CI: − 0.775, − 0.089; P = 0.013), neutrophil (SMD = − 1.346, 95% CI − 2.560, − 0.133; P = 0.030), and C-reactive protein (SMD = − 2.391, 95% CI − 3.901, − 0.882; P = 0.002) all decreased in a significant manner after LA.

Conclusion
Compared with OA, LA boasts the advantages of less adverse reactions, shorter operation time and hospitalization, fewer complications, and lower inflammatory response, evidencing its safety and feasibility of applying in the treatment of AA.
Adverse events of intestinal microbiota transplantation in randomized controlled trials: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Chong , Chen Liyu , Sun Dayong , Li Cailan , Xi Shiheng , Ding Shihua , Luo Rongrong , Geng Yan , Bai Yang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundIntestinal microbiota transplantation (IMT) has been recognized as an effective treatment for recurrentClostridium difficileinfection (rCDI) and a novel treatment option for other diseases. However, the safety of IMT in patients has not been established.AimsThis systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the safety of IMT.MethodsWe systematically reviewed all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of IMT studies published up to 28 February 2021 using databases including PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Studies were excluded if they did not report adverse events (AEs). Two authors independently extracted the data. The relative risk (RR) of serious adverse events (SAEs) and common adverse events (CAEs) were estimated separately, as were predefined subgroups. Publication bias was evaluated by a funnel plot and Egger’s regression test.ResultsAmong 978 reports, 99 full‐text articles were screened, and 20 articles were included for meta-analysis, involving 1132 patients (603 in the IMT group and 529 in the control group). We found no significant difference in the incidence of SAEs between the IMT group and the control group (RR = 1.36, 95% CI 0.56–3.31,P = 0.50). Of these 20 studies, 7 described the number of patients with CAEs, involving 360 patients (195 in the IMT group and 166 in the control group). An analysis of the eight studies revealed that the incidence of CAEs was also not significantly increased in the IMT group compared with the control group (RR = 1.06, 95% CI  0.91–1.23,P = 0.43). Subgroup analysis showed that the incidence of CAEs was significantly different between subgroups of delivery methods (P(CAE) = 0.04), and the incidence of IMT-related SAEs and CAEs was not significantly different in the other predefined subgroups.ConclusionCurrently, IMT is widely used in many diseases, but its associated AEs should not be ignored. To improve the safety of IMT, patients' conditions should be fully evaluated before IMT, appropriate transplantation methods should be selected, each operative step of faecal bacteria transplantation should be strictly controlled, AE management mechanisms should be improved, and a close follow-up system should be established.
Association between Life’s Simple 7 and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease pathology in cognitively intact adults: the CABLE study
Authors: Zhao Yong-Li , Ou Ya-Nan , Ma Ya-Hui , Huang Yu-Yuan , Bi Yan-Lin , Tan Lan , Yu Jin-Tai 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction
This study sought to explore the association between Life’s Simple 7 (LS7) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathological biomarkers in the cognitively normal northern Chinese population.

Methods
From the Chinese Alzheimer’s Biomarker and LifestylE (CABLE) study, 1106 cognitively normal participants were enrolled. The mean age was 62.34 years, and 39.6% were female. LS7 scores were summed with each metric assigned 0, 1, or 2 scores. The multiple linear regression models were used to investigate the association between LS7 scores and CSF AD biomarkers.

Results
We found that LS7 scores were significantly associated with CSF AD pathologies, including Aβ42/40 (β = 0.034, P = .041), p-tau181 (β =  − 0.043, P = .006), and t-tau (β =  − 0.044, P = .003). In subscales, the biological metrics (blood pressure, cholesterol, glucose) were significantly related to CSF tau-related biomarkers. These associations were observed in the APOE ε4 allele non-carriers, yet not in carriers. The relationship of behavior metrics was found in the middle age and males.

Conclusion
Improving LS7 scores might do a favor to alleviate the pathology of AD in the preclinical stage, especially among the APOE ε4 allele non-carriers.
Dextran sulfate prevents excess aggregation of human pluripotent stem cells in 3D culture by inhibiting ICAM1 expression coupled with down-regulating E-cadherin through activating the Wnt signaling pathway
Authors: Wu Haibin , Tang Xianglian , Wang Yiyu , Wang Ning , Chen Qicong , Xie Jinghe , Liu Shoupei , Zhong Zhiyong , Qiu Yaqi , Situ Ping , Zern Mark A. , Wang Jue , Chen Honglin , Duan Yuyou 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundHuman pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have great potential in applications for regenerative medicine and drug development. However, 3D suspension culture systems for clinical-grade hPSC large-scale production have been a major challenge. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that the addition of dextran sulfate (DS) could prevent excessive adhesion of hPSCs from forming larger aggregates in 3D suspension culture. However, the signaling and molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain elusive.MethodsBy using a cell aggregate culture assay and separating big and small aggregates in suspension culture systems, the potential mechanism and downstream target genes of DS were investigated by mRNA sequence analysis, qRT-PCR validation, colony formation assay, and interference assay.ResultsSince cellular adhesion molecules (CAMs) play important roles in hPSC adhesion and aggregation, we assumed that DS might prevent excess adhesion through affecting the expression of CAMs in hPSCs. As expected, after DS treatment, we found that the expression of CAMs was significantly down-regulated, especially E-cadherin (E-cad) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1), two highly expressed CAMs in hPSCs. The role of E-cad in the adhesion of hPSCs has been widely investigated, but the function of ICAM1 in hPSCs is hardly understood. In the present study, we demonstrated that ICAM1 exhibited the capacity to promote the adhesion in hPSCs, and this adhesion was suppressed by the treatment with DS. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis of RNA-seq revealed that DS treatment up-regulated genes related to Wnt signaling resulting in the activation of Wnt signaling in which SLUG, TWIST, and MMP3/7 were highly expressed, and further inhibited the expression of E-cad.ConclusionOur results demonstrated that DS played an important role in controlling the size of hPSC aggregates in 3D suspension culture by inhibiting the expression of ICAM1 coupled with the down-regulation of E-cad through the activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. These results represent a significant step toward developing the expansion of hPSCs under 3D suspension condition in large-scale cultures.
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes for treating traumatic pancreatitis in rats
Authors: Han Li , Zhao Zhirong , Chen Xingyun , Yang Ke , Tan Zhen , Huang Zhu , Zhou Lichen , Dai Ruiwu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The therapeutic and protective effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells-exosomes (hucMSC-Exs) on traumatic pancreatitis (TP) remain unknown. Here, we established a rat model of TP and evaluated and compared the therapeutic effects of hUC-MSCs and hucMSC-Exs.

Methods
HucMSC-Exs were obtained by ultracentrifugation and identified using transmission electron microscopy and western blot analysis. TP rats were treated by tail vein injection of hUC-MSCs and hucMSC-Exs. Their homing in rats was observed by performing fluorescence microscopy. The degree of pancreatic tissue damage was assessed by HE staining, the expression levels of amylase, lipase, and inflammatory cytokines were detected by ELISA, apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay, and the expression levels of various apoptosis-related proteins were detected by western-blot. The expression levels of apoptosis-related molecular markers were detected by RT-qPCR.

Results
The colonization of exosomes was observed in pancreatic tissue. Compared to TP group, the histopathological score of pancreas was significantly decreased in the TP + hUC-MSCs group and TP + hucMSC-Exs group (P < 0.05). Compared to TP group, the activity of serum amylase and lipase was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly decreased, while those of IL-10 and TGF-β were significantly increased (P < 0.05). The apoptosis index of the TP group was significantly increased (P < 0.05), whereas that of the TP + hUC-MSCs and TP + hucMSC-Exs groups was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Compared to TP group, the expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3 were significantly decreased in the TP + hUC-MSCs group and TP + hucMSC-Exs group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
HucMSC-Exs can colonize injured pancreatic tissue, inhibit the apoptosis of acinar cells, and control the systemic inflammatory response to facilitate the repair of pancreatic tissue.
Mesenchymal stem cells against intestinal ischemia–reperfusion injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies
Authors: Shi Yajing , Zhang Xiaolan , Wan Zhanhai , Liu Xin , Chen Feng , Zhang Jianmin , Leng Yufang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Intestinal ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) causes localized and distant tissue lesions. Multiple organ failure is a common complication of severe intestinal IRI, leading to its high rates of morbidity and mortality. Thus far, this is poorly treated, and there is an urgent need for new more efficacious treatments. This study evaluated the beneficial effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy on intestinal IRI using many animal experiments.

Methods
We conducted a comprehensive literature search from 4 databases: Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane library, and Web of science. Primary outcomes included the survival rate, Chiu’s score, intestinal levels of IL-6, TNF-α and MDA, as well as serum levels of DAO, D-Lactate, and TNF-α. Statistical analysis was carried out using Review Manager 5.3.

Results
It included Eighteen eligible researches in the final analysis. We demonstrated that survival rates in animals following intestinal IRI were higher with MSCs treatment compared to vehicle treatment. Besides, MSCs treatment attenuated intestinal injury caused by IRI, characterized by lower Chiu’s score (− 1.96, 95% CI − 2.72 to − 1.19, P < 0.00001), less intestinal inflammation (IL-6 (− 2.73, 95% CI − 4.19 to − 1.27, P = 0.0002), TNF-α (− 3.00, 95% CI − 4.74 to − 1.26, P = 0.0007)) and oxidative stress (MDA (− 2.18, 95% CI − 3.17 to − 1.19, P < 0.0001)), and decreased serum levels of DAO (− 1.39, 95% CI − 2.07 to − 0.72, P < 0.0001), D-Lactate (− 1.54, 95% CI − 2.18 to − 0.90, P < 0.00001) and TNF-α (− 2.42, 95% CI − 3.45 to − 1.40, P < 0.00001). The possible mechanism for MSCs to treat intestinal IRI might be through reducing inflammation, alleviating oxidative stress, as well as inhibiting the apoptosis and pyroptosis of the intestinal epithelial cells.

Conclusions
Taken together, these studies revealed that MSCs as a promising new treatment for intestinal IRI, and the mechanism of which may be associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and pyroptosis. However, further studies will be required to confirm these findings.
Structural changes in the Russian health care system: do they match European trends?
Authors: Shishkin Sergey , Sheiman Igor , Vlassov Vasily , Potapchik Elena , Sazhina Svetlana 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Вackground
In the last two decades, health care systems (HCS) in the European countries have faced global challenges and have undergone structural changes with the focus on early disease prevention, strengthening primary care, changing the role of hospitals, etc. Russia has inherited the Semashko model from the USSR with dominance of inpatient care, and has been looking for the ways to improve the structure of service delivery. This paper compares the complex of structural changes in the Russian and the European HCS.

Methods
We address major developments in four main areas of medical care delivery: preventive activities, primary care, inpatient care, long-term care. Our focus is on the changes in the organizational structure and activities of health care providers, and in their interaction to improve service delivery. To describe the ongoing changes, we use both qualitative characteristics and quantitative indicators. We extracted the relevant data from the national and international databases and reports and calculated secondary estimates. We also used data from our survey of physicians and interviews with top managers in medical care system.

Results
The main trends of structural changes in Russia HCS are similar to the changes in most EU countries. The prevention and the early detection of diseases have developed intensively. The reduction in hospital bed capacity and inpatient care utilization has been accompanied by a decrease in the average length of hospital stay. Russia has followed the European trend of service delivery concentration in hospital-physician complexes, while the increase in the average size of hospitals is even more substantial. However, distinctions in health care delivery organization in Russia are still significant. Changes in primary care are much less pronounced, the system remains hospital centered. Russia lags behind the European leaders in terms of horizontal ties between providers. The reasons for inadequate structural changes are rooted in the governance of service delivery.

Conclusion
The structural transformations must be intensified with the focus on strengthening primary care, further integration of care, and development of new organizational structures that mitigate the dependence on inpatient care.
β-amyloid protein induces mitophagy-dependent ferroptosis through the CD36/PINK/PARKIN pathway leading to blood–brain barrier destruction in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Li Jianhua , Li Mengyu , Ge Yangyang , Chen Jiayi , Ma Jiamin , Wang Chenchen , Sun Miaomiao , Wang Li , Yao Shanglong , Yao Chengye 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction may occur at the onset of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Pericytes are a vital part of the neurovascular unit and the BBB, acting as gatekeepers of the BBB. Amyloid β (Aβ) deposition and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain are the central pathological features of AD. CD36 promotes vascular amyloid deposition and leads to vascular brain damage, neurovascular dysfunction, and cognitive deficits. However, the molecular mechanism by which pericytes of the BBB are disrupted remains unclear.

Objectives
To investigate the effect of low-dose Aβ1-40 administration on pericyte outcome and the molecular mechanism of BBB injury.

Methods
We selected 6-month-old and 9-month-old APP/PS1 mice and wild-type (WT) mice of the same strain, age, and sex as controls. We assessed the BBB using PET/CT. Brain pericytes were extracted and cocultured with endothelial cells (bEnd.3) to generate an in vitro BBB model to observe the effect of Aβ1-40 on the BBB. Furthermore, we explored the intracellular degradation and related molecular mechanisms of Aβ1-40 in cells.

Results
BBB permeability and the number of pericytes decreased in APP/PS1 mice. Aβ1-40 increased BBB permeability in an in vivo model and downregulated the expression of CD36, which reversed the Aβ-induced changes in BBB permeability. Aβ1-40 was uptaked in pericytes with high CD36 expression. We observed that this molecule inhibited pericyte proliferation, caused mitochondrial damage, and increased mitophagy. Finally, we confirmed that Aβ1-40 induced pericyte mitophagy-dependent ferroptosis through the CD36/PINK1/Parkin pathway.

Conclusion
PDGFRβ (a marker of pericytes), CD36, and Aβ colocalized in vitro and in vivo, and Aβ1-40 caused BBB disruption by upregulating CD36 expression in pericytes. The mechanism by which Aβ1-40 destroys the BBB involves the induction of pericyte mitophagy-dependent ferroptosis through the CD36/PINK1/Parkin pathway.
Regular weighing to prevent excessive gestational weight gain: a study protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Matsushita Tomomi , Honda Aiko , Hasegawa Takeshi , Inoue Eisuke , Noma Hisashi , Ota Erika 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Excessive weight gain during pregnancy results in maternal and fetal complications and could further impact offspring. The evidence regarding the association between regular weighing during the antenatal period and excessive weight gain is limited.

Methods
We will systematically review individual and cluster randomized controlled trials that evaluated regular weighing as an intervention compared to weighing only at the first booking of the antenatal visit. Trials that assessed the effectiveness of exercise, diet, or other behavioral interventions will be excluded. Pregnant women with a singleton pregnancy and no preexisting health complications are eligible for the review. The primary outcome will be the proportion of women at term who exceed the upper limit of the target range of weight as defined by the guidelines or recommendations for the population. We will search MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase (via EMBASE.com), Scopus, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL via EBSCO), The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and the trial protocol registers, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) search portal. Full-text articles, unpublished studies, and ongoing trials reported in any language will be included. Two review authors will independently examine and screen for eligible studies and extract data for synthesis.

Discussion
We will discuss the effectiveness of regular weighing as a single intervention on reducing the proportion of women who have excessive gestational weight gain. This study will provide key information for countries to develop guidelines on antenatal care and strategies to tackle excessive gestational weight gain. We will create a “Summary of findings” table (Summary of findings table 1) according to the methods described in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42020212581
Convergence analysis of the shrinking approximants for fixed point problem and generalized split common null point problem
Authors: Arfat Yasir , Iyiola Olaniyi S. , Khan Muhammad Aqeel Ahmad , Kumam Poom , Kumam Wiyada , Sitthithakerngkiet Kanokwan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we compute a common solution of the fixed point problem (FPP) and the generalized split common null point problem (GSCNPP) via the inertial hybrid shrinking approximants in Hilbert spaces. We show that the approximants can be easily adapted to various extensively analyzed theoretical problems in this framework. Finally, we furnish a numerical experiment to analyze the viability of the approximants in comparison with the results presented in (Reich and Tuyen in Rev. R. Acad. Cienc. Exactas Fís. Nat., Ser. A Mat. 114:180, 2020).