bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Resilience of Clergywomen?: Gender and the Relationship between Occupational Distress and Mental Health among Congregational Leaders
Authors: Holleman Anna 
Published: November 2022

AbstractReligious leaders face unique vocational challenges that place their mental health at risk. As the clergy as a profession has traditionally been male‐dominated, clergywoman experience greater occupational stress than their clergymen colleagues, putting their mental health at additional risk. However, past research offers varied evidence on the gendered nature of clergy health, suggesting that clergywomen may be especially resilient to some difficulties of clergy work. Using panel data from the Clergy Health Initiative, a sample of United Methodist pastors from 2010 to 2021, this study examines clergy‐specific occupational stress and its gendered relationship with depression. I find that, while clergywomen experience higher levels of occupational stress, the relationship between occupational stress and depression is weaker for clergywomen as compared to clergymen. This study thus offers a new perspective on the gendered nature of the pastorate: that clergywomen may be able to more effectively cope with vocational difficulties than clergymen.
Popular Resistance against Israeli Territorial Expropriation: Beita as a Model
Authors: Jabali Oqab 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Israeli‐Palestinian conflict dates back to the early 1930s. The most crucial factor that prolongs it and prevents any glimmer of hope is Israel's insistence on displacing the Palestinians from their lands and implanting Israeli citizens in their place. Motivated by inference theory, this study aims at investigating the latest wave of popular civil resistance against territorial expropriation in the town of Beita. The study shows that territorial confiscation is carried out systematically by Israeli settlers, aided by the army. It also shows that Beita's nonviolent approach to resistance enhances its legitimacy domestically and internationally and encourages a wider base of grassroots participation. Beita has always employed popular types of civil resistance, such as weekly protests and night‐confusion tactics at Jabal Sabih, to defend itself and expel settlers. Despite the high price Beita has paid and the settlers’ evacuation of the outpost, the Israeli military has turned the site into a base. The conclusion is that popular civil resistance has the potential to challenge occupiers in a powerful way.
The Evolution of Environmentalism in Turkey
Authors: Demir Sertif 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEnvironmental problems, caused by and affecting human life, are multifaceted and often interconnected with social and economic factors, and they do not recognize political borders. Like other countries, Turkey has faced severe environmental problems over the last six decades. The state's environmental policy and behavior has been shaped by a combination of economic necessity, international discourse, the EU membership process, and growing national and local awareness. This article analyzes the evolution of environmentalism in Turkey, first by tracing the evolution of environmental sentiment and the expansion of green politics, in general and in Turkey specifically. The study then focuses on the prospects and challenges of environmentalist policy and practices. Turkey has understood the importance of environmental protection and its unwanted impacts on all species, including humans. However, it is still under pressure to boost economic growth to meet the current generation's needs. Climate action is further challenged by the patriarchal state structure and influential interest groups. Therefore, the government tries to find the best way for environmental action to coexist with divergent policy preferences among many stakeholders.
Lake dynamics in an Early Jurassic desert: Evidence from the Clarens Formation in southern Africa
Authors: Head Howard V. , Bordy Emese M. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTInterdune deposits are sensitive to climatic fluctuations and ancient interdune lacustrine systems can reveal the drivers of erg dynamics through time and space. This southern African study details the dynamics of interdune deposition in a vast ancient desert system that was active over Pangaea in the Middle Mesozoic and formed part of one of the largest known sand seas in Earth's history. Focusing on the Sinemurian to Pliensbachian Clarens Formation in the main Karoo Basin (south‐west Gondwana), three facies associations were identified that formed in meso‐scale and macro‐scale lakes amongst aeolian dunes and sand sheets of the Clarens erg system. The northern facies association is restricted to interdune hollows within an actively climbing dune system. High‐sediment availability and high‐wind speeds limited the space available for these meso‐scale lakes to expand. Here, migrating dunes outpaced the water table rise promoting the formation of discontinuous lenses of lake deposits, as is typical in erg centres. The southern facies associations developed both in spatially isolated meso‐scale lakes, where flooding was controlled by groundwater inundation (water table rise), as well as in macro‐scale lakes, where flooding was related to groundwater inundation and floods (surface runoff) that induced terminal splays. Relative to the north, the southern facies associations, with their more significant thickness and lateral extent, show that, here, the basin was characterized by a higher rate of relative subsidence. Moreover, the southern lake systems were established along the erg's margin, where the interdunes expanded during pluvial phases. Ultimately, the facies associations in the Clarens Formation show that the widespread arid conditions in the Early Jurassic of south‐west Gondwana were subjected to prolonged and repeated pluvial phases in an otherwise harsh environment. Given the prominence of Jurassic aeolianites across Pangea, this study provides a southern African perspective on global palaeo‐erg dynamics and Early Jurassic climatic shifts.
Potential role of AIM2 inflammasome in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
Authors: Uresti‐Rivera E. E. , García‐Hernández M. H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSARS‐CoV‐2 is the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). The disease presents different degrees of severity related to the antiviral response of the host. According to clinical manifestations, patients could show mild, moderate and severe COVID‐19. Regarding immunological aspects, an increased interferon (IFN) response in COVID‐19 patients with mild and moderate symptoms were observed; however, in severe COVID‐19, IFN response is decreased. Patients with severe COVID‐19 display a hyperinflammatory disorder that leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome. Interestingly, the expression and activation of AIM2, a receptor induced by IFN, play an important role in the onset of antiviral response. In this review, we discuss the possible role of AIM2 during SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. We summarize the studies reporting the expression and activity of proteins involved upstream and downstream of AIM2‐inflammasome activation, such as IFN, ASC, Caspase‐1, IL‐1β, IL‐18, free‐dsDNA, IFI16, as well as SARS‐CoV‐2 viral load, cell death in groups of COVID‐19 patients with different clinical outcomes to infer the possible contribution of AIM2 in antiviral response of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.
Growing and distinct: The Unaffiliated voter as unmoored voter
Authors: Bitzer J. Michael , Cooper Christopher A. , Manzo Whitney Ross , Roberts Susan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe examine the size, characteristics, and attitudes of Unaffiliated party registrants as they compare to registrants from the two major parties.MethodsWe analyze voter registration files, voter history files, and public opinion data from North Carolina.ResultsUnaffiliated registrants are not simply shadow partisans but, on average, are distinct from two major parties in terms of demographics, political behavior, and political attitudes.ConclusionVoters who eschew party labels are best understood as unmoored voters—often hovering close to their ideological docks but with no institutional constraint to keep them from drifting as the political tides shift.
Coexpression network and trans‐activation analyses of maize reproductive phasiRNA loci
Authors: Zhan Junpeng , O'Connor Lily , Marchant D. Blaine , Teng Chong , Walbot Virginia , Meyers Blake C. 
Published: November 2022

SUMMARYThe anther‐enriched phased, small interfering RNAs (phasiRNAs) play vital roles in sustaining male fertility in grass species. Their long non‐coding precursors are synthesized by RNA polymerase II and are likely regulated by transcription factors (TFs). A few putative transcriptional regulators of the 21‐ or 24‐nucleotide phasiRNA loci (referred to as 21‐ or 24‐PHAS loci) have been identified in maize (Zea mays), but whether any of the individual TFs or TF combinations suffice to activate any PHAS locus is unclear. Here, we identified the temporal gene coexpression networks (modules) associated with maize anther development, including two modules highly enriched for the 21‐ or 24‐PHAS loci. Comparisons of these coexpression modules and gene sets dysregulated in several reported male sterile TF mutants provided insights into TF timing with regard to phasiRNA biogenesis, including antagonistic roles for OUTER CELL LAYER4 and MALE STERILE23. Trans‐activation assays in maize protoplasts of individual TFs using bulk‐protoplast RNA‐sequencing showed that two of the TFs coexpressed with 21‐PHAS loci could activate several 21‐nucleotide phasiRNA pathway genes but not transcription of 21‐PHAS loci. Screens for combinatorial activities of these TFs and, separately, the recently reported putative transcriptional regulators of 24‐PHAS loci using single‐cell (protoplast) RNA‐sequencing, did not detect reproducible activation of either 21‐PHAS or 24‐PHAS loci. Collectively, our results suggest that the endogenous transcriptional machineries and/or chromatin states in the anthers are necessary to activate reproductive PHAS loci.
MRI and CT characteristics of a grade I meningioma with concurrent cribriform plate lysis in a dog
Authors: Petit Clifford V. , Chen Annie V. , Murthy Vishal D. , Roberts Gregory D. , Valerio‐López Carlos 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA 6‐year‐old female spayed German Shepherd mixed‐breed dog was presented for treatment of a frontal lobe mass diagnosed on MRI, after an acute onset of generalized seizures and behavior changes. Computed tomography of the head was performed for radiation therapy planning and revealed concurrent cribriform plate lysis without nasal sinus invasion, and focal lysis of the left ventrolateral cranial fossa. Histopathology of the mass obtained via surgical excision was consistent with a grade I fibrous meningioma. The dog had a good outcome following surgery and radiation therapy.
Effect of climatic factors on farm income of rain‐fed and irrigated farming households in Vietnam
Authors: Ho Huu Phuong Chi , Nguyen Tuan Kiet , Vo Thanh Danh , Trinh Cong Duc , Nguyen Ngoc Lam , Arora Anchal 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe paper provides new evidence of the effect of temperature and precipitation on crop profit of farmers applying different farming systems across different seasons as well as geographical regions in Vietnam for the period 2004–2016. The result finds that the effect of fluctuation in temperature and rainfall on the crop profit of farmers is not uniform across the three regions (North, Central and South) and also considerable variation across rain‐fed and irrigated farms. For the rain‐fed farming system, (i) rainfall in the dry season has a nonlinearly (⋂) association with the profit, but rainfall in the rainy season has no effect, and (ii) dry season temperature and rainy season temperature have, respectively, ⋂‐shaped and U‐shaped relationship with the profit. For the irrigated farming systems, the temperatures in the dry season and rainy season have a U‐shaped relationship with the profit. The findings show that the irrigated farming systems have been effective in the long term in the face of climate change. Therefore, in preparation for adaptation to climate change, the Vietnamese agricultural sector needs a complete irrigation system at both farm and regional levels.
Nursing students’ experiences of workplace violence in clinical practice: a qualitative systematic review protocol
Authors: Dafny Hila Ariela , Champion Stephanie , Pearson Vincent , Brown Shannon 
Published: November 2022

Objective:
The objective of this review is to investigate the experience of workplace violence against nursing students on clinical placement.

Introduction:
Workplace violence affects nursing students during clinical placements in hospitals and other health care settings. Nursing students are uniquely vulnerable to workplace violence due to their limited experience and skills in challenging abusive behavior. Up to half of nursing students have reported experiencing horizontal or lateral physical or verbal violence during clinical placement, both from colleagues and patients. As a result of workplace violence, many students consider leaving nursing practice within their first year. This has implications for individual students’ progression and for health care systems that rely on nursing graduates to deliver health care services.

Inclusion criteria:
Only qualitative primary studies will be included. The population is registered nurse students, the phenomenon of interest is the experience of workplace violence, and the context is clinical placement.

Methods:
A comprehensive database search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science Core collection, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ERIC, ProQuest Central, ProQuest Social Science Premium Collection, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses will be conducted. Databases will be searched from inception to present for English-language qualitative literature of any study design that meets the inclusion criteria. A search of unpublished and gray literature will also be conducted. The JBI critical appraisal checklist for qualitative research will be used to assess the studies. Findings and illustrations will be extracted and assigned a level of credibility. Meta-aggregation of findings will be performed, and a ConQual Summary of Findings will be presented.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42022337674
Exertional rhabdomyolysis: an analysis of 321 hospitalised US military service members and its relationship with heat illness
Authors: Oh Robert C , Bury D C , McClure C J 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionExertional rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome of muscle breakdown following exercise. This study describes laboratory and demographic trends of service members hospitalised for exertional rhabdomyolysis and examines the relationships with heat illness.MethodsWe queried the US Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center’s Defence Medical Epidemiology Database for hospitalised cases of rhabdomyolysis associated with physical exertion from January 2010 July 2013. Descriptive statistics reported means and medians of initial, peak and minimal levels of creatine kinase (CK). Correlations explored the relationship between CK, creatinine, length of hospital stay (LOS) and demographic data.ResultsWe analysed 321 hospitalised cases of exertional rhabdomyolysis. 193 (60.1%) cases were associated with heat; 104 (32.4%) were not associated with heat; and 24 (7.5%) were classified as medical-associated exertional rhabdomyolysis. Initial, maximum and minimal CK levels were significantly lower in heat cases: CK=6528 U/L vs 19 247 U/L, p=0.001; 13 146 U/L vs 22 201 U/L, p=0.03; and 3618 U/L vs 10 321 U/L, p=0.023) respectively, compared with cases of rhabdomyolysis with exertion alone. Median LOS was 2 days (range=0–25). In the rhabdomyolysis with exertion alone group and the rhabdomyolysis with heat group, LOS was moderately correlated with maximal CK (Spearman’s ρ=0.52, p<0.001, and Spearman ρ=0.38, p<0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in median LOS between the rhabdomyolysis with exertion alone and rhabdomyolysis associated with heat groups (2 vs 2, p value=0.96).ConclusionMost hospitalisations for exertional rhabdomyolysis were associated with heat illness and presented with lower CK levels than cases without associated heat illness. These data add evidence that rhabdomyolysis with heat illness is a different entity than rhabdomyolysis with exertion alone. Differentiating exertional rhabdomyolysis with and without heat should inform future research on rhabdomyolysis prognosis and clinical management.
Effectiveness of treatments for symptoms of post-trauma related guilt, shame and anger in military and civilian populations: a systematic review
Authors: Serfioti Danai , Murphy D , Greenberg N , Williamson V 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionIndividuals who have been exposed to a traumatic event can develop profound feelings of guilt, shame and anger. Yet, studies of treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have largely investigated changes in PTSD symptoms relating to a sense of ongoing fear or threat and the effectiveness of such treatments for post-trauma related guilt, shame or anger symptom reduction is comparatively not well understood.MethodsThis review systematically examined the effectiveness of existing treatment approaches for three symptoms associated with exposure to traumatic events: guilt, shame and anger. Studies included had to be published after 2010 with a sample size of n=50 or greater to ensure stable treatment outcome estimates.Results15 studies were included, consisting of both civilian and (ex-) military population samples exposed to a wide range of traumatic events (eg, combat-related, sexual abuse). Findings indicated a moderate strength of evidence that both cognitive-based and exposure-based treatments are similarly effective in reducing symptoms. Cognitive-based treatments were found to effectively reduce post-trauma related guilt and anger, while exposure-based treatments appeared effective for post-trauma related guilt, shame and anger.ConclusionsThe findings suggest the importance of confronting and discussing the traumatic event during therapy, rather than using less directive treatments (eg, supportive counselling).Nonetheless, while these results are promising, firm conclusions regarding the comparative effectiveness and long-term impact of these treatments could not be drawn due to insufficient evidence. Further empirical research is needed to examine populations exposed to traumatic events and investigate which treatment approaches (or combination thereof) are more effective in the long-term.
Differences of cardiovascular risk assessment in clinical practice using SCORE and SCORE2
Authors: Csenteri Orsolya , Jancsó Zoltán , Szöllösi Gergő József , Andréka Péter , Vajer Péter 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveCardiovascular risk estimation is an essential step to reduce the onset of adverse cardiovascular events. For this purpose, the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) risk chart method was used in Europe. In 2021, the SCORE2 algorithm was released, bringing changes in the calculation methodology. This study assessed and compared the level of cardiovascular risk in a population aged 40–65 years using the SCORE and SCORE2 methodologies.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included a total of 85 802 patients in Hungary. Cardiovascular risk levels were determined using the SCORE and SCORE2 risk estimation methods.ResultsUsing SCORE, 97.7% of men aged 40–50 years were classified as low–moderate risk, which decreased to 32.4% using SCORE2. Using SCORE, 100% of women aged 40–50 years were classified as low–moderate risk, compared with 75.6% using SCORE2. Using SCORE, 36.8% of men aged 50–65 years were classified as high risk and 14.8% as very high risk, and 5.4% of women aged 50–65 years were classified as high risk and 0.5% as very high risk. In this age group, using SCORE2, 50% of men were classified as high risk and 25.8% as very high risk, and 38.8% of women were classified as high risk and 11.9% as very high risk.ConclusionsWhen the SCORE2 method was used instead of SCORE 43.91% of the whole population were classified with a higher level of risk, which represents a radical increase in the number of patients with high or very high cardiovascular risk.
NRAS promotes the proliferation of melanocytes to increase melanin deposition in Rex rabbits
Authors: Bai Shaocheng , Hu Shuaishuai , Dai Yingying , Jin Rongshuai , Zhang Chen , Yao Fan , Weng Qiaoqin , Zhai Pin , Zhao Bohao , Wu Xinsheng , Chen Yang 
Published: November 2022

Melanocytes play a major role in the formation of mammalian fur color and are regulated by several genes. Despite playing the pivotal role in the study of melanoma, the mechanistic role of NRAS (neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) in the formation of mammalian epidermal color is still elusive. First of all, the expression levels of NRAS mRNA and protein in the dorsal skin of different colored Rex rabbits were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Then, the subcellular localization of NRAS was identified in melanocytes by indirect immunofluorescence. Next, the expression of NRAS was overexpressed and knocked down in melanocytes, and its efficiency was verified by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Subsequently, NaOH, CCK-8, and Annexin V-FITC were used to verify the changes in melanin content, proliferation, and apoptosis in melanocytes. Finally, we analyzed the regulation of NRAS on other genes ( MITF, TYR, DCT, PMEL, and CREB) that affect melanin production. In silico studies showed NRAS as a stable and hydrophilic protein, and it is localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus of melanocytes. The mRNA and protein expression levels of NRAS were significantly different in skin of different colored Rex rabbits, and the highest level was found in black skin ( P < 0.01). Moreover, the NRAS demonstrated impact on the proliferation, apoptosis, and melanin production of melanocytes ( P < 0.05), and the strong correlation of NRAS with melanin-related genes was evidently observed ( P < 0.05). Our results suggested that NRAS can be used as a gene that regulates melanin production and controls melanocyte proliferation and apoptosis, providing a new theoretical basis for studying the mechanism of mammalian fur color formation.
Weyl time evolution operator in planar Bianchi-type-I universes
Authors: Wollensak Matthias 
Published: November 2022

In this paper, Dirac’s equation in anisotropic Bianchi-type-I background spacetimes is treated with respect to orthonormal frames. By specializing to the massless spinor case and metrics with power-law scale factors and planar symmetry, an analytical expression of the approximate time evolution operator (TEO) is derived. By use of this operator, all approximate spinor solutions can be generated. By construction, these solutions agree asymptotically and at early times with the exact solutions. The operator approach is also well adapted for studying the case of small deviations from conformally flat backgrounds. In particular, it can be shown that the limiting case of vanishing anisotropy renders the correct result.