bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH HYDROTHERAPY TERHADAP NYERI PERSALINAN KALA I FASE AKTIF
Authors: Lilis Dewi Nopiska 
Published: July 2022

Hydrotherapy merupakan cara untuk mengurangi nyeri dimana selama perawatannya menggunakan air hangat. Terapi hidrotherapy menghantarkan panas melalui daerah yang diberikan terapi air hangat. Dengan adanya panas dapat melebarkan pembuluh darah dan meningkatkan aliran darah, mempengaruhi transmisi impuls nyeri dan dapat meningkatkan elastisitas kolagen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh hydrotherapy terhadap nyeri persalinan kala I fase aktif di BPM Latifah Kota Jambi Tahun 2020. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah pre experiment dengan rancangan one group design pretest-posttest. Penelitian ini dilakukan di BPM Latifah Kota Jambi yang dilakukan pada bulan Desember- tanggal 20 April tahun 2020. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh ibu bersalin kala I fase aktif di BPM Latifah Kota Jambi sebanyak 30 orang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 30 orang dengan teknik accidental sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar observasi. Data di analisis secara univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan sebelum hydrotherapy sebanyak 19 responden (63,3%) dengan intensitas nyeri berat. Sedangkan sesudah hydrotherapy sebanyak 18 responden (60%) dengan intensitas nyeri sedang. Ada perbedaan intensitas nyeri persalinan kala I fase aktif sebelum dan sesudah diberikan hydrotherapy dengan nilai p 0,000 0,05. Diharapkan BPM Latifah dapat menjadikan hydrotherapy sebagai alternatif dalam penerapan terapi non farmakologi dan komplementer untuk melakukan penanganan pada nyeri persalinan.
EFFECTIVENESS OF PROGRESSIVE MUSCLE RELAXATION AND AUTOGENIC ON REDUCING BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS
Authors: Koniyo Mira Astri , Zees Rini Fahriani , Usman Lisdiyanti 
Published: July 2022

Diabetes Mellitus ( DM) is a group of metabolic diseases with hyperglycemia due to insulin abnormalities. The population in this study is Type 2 DM Sufferers who perform outpatients in puskesmas city north of Gorontalo city. This study aims to know the Effectiveness of the Muscle Relaxation Program ( PMR) and autogenic decrease blood glucose levels in DM Type 2 patients. Quasi-experimental research design with pre-experimental design two-group pre-post test design, namely researchers divided DM patients in group A. They gave progressive muscle relaxation interventions and group B autogenic therapy. Before the treatment has done, two groups measured blood glucose levels using the point care of testing method, then observed again by taking blood glucose measurements while after the two interventions. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. Based on Mann-Whitney's test analysis of the group of respondents given PMR (Progressive Muscle Relaxation) treatment and autogenic therapy to determine whether there was a significant difference between the post test scores in both groups, it is known that the probability value (sig) 0.05 (0.468 0.05), meaning that blood glucose when diabetic mellitus between the two groups there was no significant difference. It is concluded that effective progressive muscle relaxation and autogenic to decrease blood glucose levels in dm type 2 patients in the working area of the puskesmas city north of Gorontalo city.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, AND ENVIROMENTAL FACTORS WITH STUNTING OCCURRENCE IN TODDLERS
Authors: Tongkonoo Indramaya , Solang Margaretha , Baderan Dewi Wahyuni K 
Published: July 2022

The incidence of stunting under five is a major nutritional problem faced by Indonesia. The research aimed to determine relationship of the social, economic, and environmental factors related with stunting occurrenceintoddlers 10-59 months at Health Centers Gorontalo District. This research was done on the population of toddlers who experience stunting in 2019 recorded in 7Health Centers. The data was collected from 98 samples by applying the purposive sampling method. The research instrument was done by using a questionnaire. Data analysis employs univariate, bivariate analysis and chi-square test with the help of software SPSS version 21. The result showed that the social factors, namely mother's education with the p-value of 0,000 OR = 12,375 CI = 4,560-33,584, and economic factors, namely income with the p-value of 0,000 OR = 11,719 CI = 3,652 – 38,605 and environmental factors, namely waste disposal facilities with the p-value of 0,000 OR = 12,813 CI = 4,815 -34,097. Based on these result, it can be stated that social factors, especially mother's education, economic factors, especially income, and environmental factors, especially waste disposal facilities have a significant relationship with stunting occurrence in toddlers 10-59 months at the Health Centers Gorontalo District.
THE EFFECT OF EMO-DEMO TRAINING ON KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS OF POSYANDU CADRES ON 'ASI ONLY ENOUGH'
Authors: Andriana Andriana , Junita Elvira , Kristina Evi , Herawaty Rika , Fahmi Yuyun Bewelli 
Published: July 2022

Stunting has a big impact on the growth and development of children. Posyandu cadres, spearheading health services in the community, have a role in increasing exclusive breastfeeding coverage. The Emo Demo method is an imaginative and provocative way to achieve behavior change in the field of public health. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of Emo-Demo training on the knowledge and skills of posyandu cadres about breastfeeding in Sungai Kumango Village, Tambusai District. This research method is quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design, total sampling technique, dependent t test. The results showed that posyandu cadres had never known counseling techniques using the emo-demo method, pretest knowledge was in good category (40%), posttest knowledge was in good category (80%), pretest cadre skills were in good category (33.3%), pretest cadre skills with good category (67.7%). The conclusion of the study is that there are differences in the knowledge of cadres about breastfeeding only before and after training, the value of p = 0.000 (0.05) and there are differences in the skills of cadres in providing counseling about breastfeeding only before and after training, the value of p = 0.000 (0.05).The emo demo method can increase the knowledge and skills of posyadu cadres in providing counseling about breastfeeding. Keywords: Emo-Demo, Cadre, Skills, Knowledge
ANALYSIS OF THE COST EFFECTIVENESS OF THERAPY IN HYPERTENSION AND TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS IN OUTSTANDING INSTALLATION RSUD TOTO KABILA
Authors: Madania Madania , Bangol Asnia , Diantika Ana 
Published: July 2022

Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are degenerative diseases where various therapies are certainly used so that the effectiveness of each drug and the costs incurred need to be considered. The more treatments used, the more costs will be incurred. Therefore, a pharmacoeconomic analysis needs to be carried out to assist decision making in performing therapy. This research was a non-experimental research with descriptive analysis design. Data collection was retrospective by tracing previous documents sourced from medical records of patients with hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) at the Outpatient Installation of Toto Kabila Regional General Hospital for the period of October to December 2020. Samples were taken by purposive sampling technique and then the data obtained were analyzed by calculating the direct medical costs and drug effectiveness. Data analysis from this study used Cost Effectiveness Analysis (CEA) and was continued in the form of ratio, namely Average Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ACER) or Incremental Cost Effectiveness ratio (ICER). The results showed that in hypertension, drug therapy used were Amlodipine (47.8%) and Candesartan (52.2%), while in Type 2 DM therapy were the combination of Metformin and Glimepiride (68.9%) and the combination of Insulin-Aspart and Insulin Detemir (31.1%). The direct medical cost of hypertension therapy with Amlodipine was Rp. 184.921, and Candesartan was Rp. 158.159. As for the Type 2 DM therapy, the cost of Metformin-Glimepiride combination was Rp. 168.253,226 and the combination of Insulin-Aspart and Insulin-Detemir of Rp. 1.077.259. The results of the cost effectiveness calculation show that Candesartan is more cost-effective than Amlodipine, while the combination of Metformin-Glimepirid is more cost-effective than the combination of Insulin-Aspart and Insulin-Detemir.
DESCRIPTION OF DIAGNOSTIC COVID-19 ADULT PATIENTS AT ROYAL PRIMA HOSPITAL
Authors: Maler Fanny , Wienaldi Wienaldi , Adrian Adrian 
Published: July 2022

Abstrak Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) adalah masalah kesehatan yang memiliki tipe virus baru yang sebelumnya tidak muncul pada manusia, yaitu virus pembawa COVID-19. Coronavirus merupakan sekelompok besar virus yang memicu kasus penyakit gejala ringan hingga parah. COVID-19 kali ini menjadi masalah paling serius di dunia. Jumlah kasusnya meningkat setiap hari dan seluruh individu terserang COVID-19 adalah dari semua usia dan jenis kelamin. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran diagnostik pasien dewasa COVID-19 di RSU Royal Prima Medan dari bulan Oktober hingga Desember 2020 yang terdapat 164 orang. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif dan retrospektif. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan gambaran diagnostik pasien dewasa Covid-19 di RSU Royal Prima berdasarkan sumber data sekunder dengan melihat usia, jenis kelamin, dan gejala yang paling sering dialami sesuai dengan data yang telah tercatat pada rekam medik di RSU Royal prima Medan, dilakukannya penelitian ini pada bulan Maret – Juni 2021. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan pasien COVID-19 terbanyak adalah pasien dengan jenis kelamin laki-laki berjumlah 93 orang (56,7%) serta gejala yang paling sering dialami secara umum dan berdasarkan jenis kelamin, yaitu demam, batuk, dan sesak nafas, serta lebih banyak terjadi pada usia 26-35 tahun. Kata kunci: COVID-19; Gejala; Jenis Kelamin; Usia Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a health problem with a new type virus that has never been occured before in humans, the virus that carries COVID-19, namely SARS-CoV-2. Corona virus is a large family of viruses that cause illness ranging from mild to severe symptoms. COVID-19 is currently the most serious problem in the worlds. The number of cases is increasing every day and the people who infected with COVID-19 were all ages and genders. The purpose of this study was to find out the diagnostic explanation of adult COVID- 19 patients at RSU Royal Prima Medan in October-December 2020 which contains 164 people. This study was conducted using a descriptive method and a retrospective approach. This research was explaining the diagnostic explanation in adult Covid-19 patients at the RSU Royal prima Medan, based on secondary data sources by looking at the ages, genders and the most frequently experienced symptoms according to data that has been recorded in the medical record at the RSU Royal prima Medan, this research was conducted in March – June 2021. The results of this study showed that most of the COVID-19 patients were male that consist of 93 people (56,7%) and the most common symptoms and based on genders were fever, cough, shortness of breath, and more common at the age of 26-35 years.
THE EFFECT OF FIRE PROTECTION FACILITIES AND DISASTER RESPONSE SIMULATIONS ON INCREASING SKILLS IN FIRE FIGHTING AT POLTEKKES KEMENKES GORONTALO
Authors: Loleh Suwarni , Damiti Sukmawati Ahmad , Age Sulastri Pua 
Published: July 2022

Data obtained from the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) in early 2014 to 2016 states that there are still many cases of fires occurring in Indonesia. Most people do not know the causes that often cause fires and the initial steps that must be taken when a fire occurs to minimize the losses caused. Practicing and building preparedness is necessary to deal with any emergency situation that is difficult to predict. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a disaster emergency response simulation to find out the extent of knowledge and skills in fire disaster management, especially in the work area of the Health Poltekkes, Ministry of Health, Gorontalo. The research design used is a Quasy Experiment One Group Study (Pretest-Posttest) by measuring the independent variables (independent) consisting of fire emergency response simulations, while the dependent variable is fire disaster management knowledge and skills. The number of patient samples was calculated based on the Slovin formula obtained by 36 respondents using Univariate and Bivariate analysis methods through computer statistical programs. The time of the research will be carried out in June 2019. The results show that the fire prevention facilities in the Gorontalo Health Ministry Health Poltekkes work area are adequate but are constrained by the ability of electric power, but the knowledge and skills of employees within the Gorontalo District Health Office are adequate. Poltekkes based on statistical tests using paired sample T test obtained p = 0.000 (α = 0.05) which means that the fire emergency response simulation has an effect on increasing the knowledge and skills of employees in the Health Polytechnic of the Ministry of Health of Gorontalo in dealing with fire disasters.
Gerchberg-Saxton Based Finite Impulse Response Filter for Electronic Dispersion Compensation in Intensity-Modulation/Direct-Detection Transmission
Authors: Karar Abdullah S. 
Published: July 2022

<p>Intensity-modulation and direct-detection (IM/DD) systems deployed for short reach optical fiber links require electronic dispersion compensation (EDC) at the transmitter and/or electronic equalization at the receiver. Under direct detection, the optical phase is lost and complex-valued compensation of chromatic dispersion (CD) used in coherent systems could not be adopted. The utilization of the iterative Gerchberg-Saxton (GS) algorithm for EDC in IM/DD systems, has been demonstrated in theory and experiment, through treating the amplitude at the transmitter and the phase prior-to the direct detection receiver as a degree of freedom. In this article, three GS approaches for CD compensation in IM/DD systems using finite impulse response (FIR) filters are described and demonstrated. The first two approaches are closely related and rely on a cascaded FIR structure, while the third approach offers a novel non-iterative solution for EDC in IM/DD systems. In this solution, a feed-forward static digital FIR filter is designed and optimized using the Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm for transmitter CD pre-compensation. This is achieved through decoupling of pattern dependent and modulation format dependent aspects of transmission from the GS iterations by setting the target amplitude at the receiver to single impulse at the center of the time-window. With every successive iteration an impulse response for the CD pre-compensation filter emerges and is used to set the FIR tap weights. It is also demonstrated that the same optimum taps weight can be obtain analytically by applying the frequency-domain fiber transfer function to the iterations of the GS algorithm under the assumptions of small-signal analysis. The FIR filter is implemented using a non-recursive tapped delay line structure with an 8-bit finite-precision arithmetic. An adaptive $T$-spaced feed-forward equalizer (FFE) is utilized at the receiver for compensating residual CD. It is shown, as an example, that a 56 Gb/s non-return to zero (NRZ) on-off keying (OOK) signal could be transmitted over 80 km of single mode fiber (SMF) with a chirp-free single drive Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) and a 417-tap FIR filter operating at 2 sample-per-symbol with the bit error ratio (BER) below the hard-decision forward error correction (FEC) limit of $3.8 \times 10^{-3}$. Enabling a 21-tap post-FFE, reduces the BER to a 1 dBQ margin below the FEC limit.</p>
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Input Conditioned Subranging and Skewed Quantisation of MACs in IMC
Authors: Balagopal Sundar Ashwin , Viraraghavan Janakiraman , Vijayakumar Balaji 
Published: July 2022

<p>In-Memory Computation(IMC) of Neural-Network(NN) inference is done by performing the Multiply-ACcumulate(MAC) operation in the analog domain. Parallelly digitising MAC voltages by fitting Analog to Digital Converters(ADCs) within dense memory-pitches is a fundamental challenge for IMC engines. IMC works thus far rely on clipping the MAC-PDF to reduce the dynamic range, reducing the per data-line(DL) ADC precision requirement. In this work, we show that the per-DL ADC precision can be reduced even further by focusing on quantising the input Conditioned MAC-PDF(CMPDF), which spans a sub-range in the total MAC-PDF. We demonstrate on hardware a technique to locate the CMPDF in one-shot by tracking its mean. We show that quantisation levels about the CMPDF mean can be skewed to only span the portion of CMPDF that yields positive ReLU inputs, provided MACs are implemented as complete sums. Compared to symmetrically spanning CMPDF, this requires 20% to 40% fewer references at iso-accuracy for the investigated neural network layers. Hardware measured results for Fully-Connected NN inference on MNIST yielded < 1% accuracy drop when MAC-voltages were quantised with 4 bit references about the CMPDF mean as compared to full-range 6 bit ADC sensing the MAC-voltages. MATLAB evaluation using 3.5 to 4.2 bit CMPDF quantisation for MNIST-FCNN, CIFAR-10 Resnet-20 and VGG-11 inference yielded < 1% accuracy drop as compared to full-range 6 to 7 bit MAC quantisation. </p>
Holistic Perspectives on Safety of Automated Driving Systems - Methods for Provision of Evidence
Authors: Gyllenhammar Magnus , Rodrigues de Campos Gabriel , Törngren Martin 
Published: July 2022

<p>In recent years, the enormous investments in Automated Driving Systems (ADSs) have distinctly advanced ADS technologies. Despite promises made by several high profile auto-makers, it has however become clear that the challenges involved for deploying ADS have been drastically underestimated. This paper focuses on the challenge of providing sufficient evidence to support the safety claims of ADSs. The provisioning of such evidence clearly relates both to technical maturity of ADS systems (including actual experiences from deploying such systems), and on the development of methodologies for reasoning about ADS safety claims. Contrary to previous generations of automotive systems, common design, development, verification and validation methods for safety critical systems do not suffice to cope with the increased complexity and operational uncertainties of an ADS. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to provide an understanding of existing methods focusing on the development of a safe ADS and, most importantly, identifying the associated challenges and gaps. </p>
<p>We present eight challenges, collectively distinguishing ADSs from safety critical systems in general, and discuss the existing methods in the light of these eight challenges. Based on this discussion, a set of research gaps are identified.</p>
Effects of endotracheal suctioning on respiratory parameters in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: a prospective observational study
Authors: Cocca Carolina , Mincolelli Michele 
Published: July 2022

Introduction The endotracheal suctioning is an invasive practice performed in critical care units that allows removal of the pulmonary secretions in intubated patients. During this procedure, patients are exposed to potential risks that health professionals, should prevent or minimize. At date is a shortage of published studies on the frequency of endotracheal suction in pediatric critically ill patients. It is supposed that the endotracheal suction does not affect significantly the assessment of short-term respiratory parameters and therefore may be deferred by the clinical condition of the patient. Methods The study carried out from 1 January to 30 September 2016 in mechanically ventilated pediatric patients at pediatric intensive care unit of Salesi children’s Hospital of Ancona. The study involved the collection of two venous blood samples taken from a central venous catheter: the first blood gas analysis was performed on each patient 1 minute before endotracheal aspiration and after a time interval of about 30 minutes from the endotracheal suctioning a second sample from the same vascular access device. Mean and percentages were calculated for qualitative variables, mean and standard deviation were calculated for quantitative parameters. For inferential purposes, to evaluate the effects of endotracheal aspiration on respiratory parameters detected by blood gas analysis, the student T test was performed for paired data with a 95% confidence interval. Results A total of 40 patients were recruited, of which 14 were females (35%) and 26 were males (65%). The results were as follows: For pH, the mean of the difference in values is .0065 [95% CI -0.0067 - 0.0197]. According to T test for paired data, a p=.3256 was obtained. From the inferential point of view, this difference is not considered statistically significant. For the pO2 the mean of the difference in values is .03 [95% CI-1.62 -1.67]. According to T tests for paired data, a p =.9756 was obtained. For the pCO2, the mean of the difference in values is -1.88 [95% CI -3.81 - 0.06] with a p value = .0577.
Discussion Our findings highlighted no statistically significant differences between pre and post endotracheal aspiration values of pH, pO2 and pCO2. This suggests that the aspiration has beneficial effects on the pulmonary mechanics. Therefore, it is declared that the reduction of the frequency of endotracheal aspiration pediatric cause a reduction of the related infectious risks, reducing costs and respiratory nosocomial infections leading to reduced length of hospital stay.
The The «tortuous path» of literacy in post-unitary Sardinia. The case of primary education in the province of Cagliari through the quantitative analysis of the statistics offered by the R. School Inspector Giovanni Scrivante (1861-1864)
Authors: Garau Manuela 
Published: July 2022

The essay reconstructs the state of primary education in the province of Cagliari, including, the districts of Oristano, Iglesias, Lanusei and the capital, in the aftermath of the Unification of Italy. The analysis starts from the years 1861-1864, through a comparison with primary education statistics in the school year 1853-1854, when the Island was still part of the Regnum Sardiniae, exactly one lustre before the approval of the Casati Law. This comparison, in the largest and most populous province of Sardinia (13,415.22 sq. km. and 372,097 inhabitants at the 1861 census), is made through the study, re-presentation and re-elaboration of the statistical summaries presented and published by the Timon Typography of Cagliari in 1864 at the behest of the Royal School Inspector ff. di Provveditore, Giovanni Scrivante, who made use not only of his work for the years 1863 and 1864, but also of the work on the initiation and dissemination of elementary schools, carried out by his predecessor, Cav. Alberto De Gioannis, in the two-year period 1861-1862. The article addresses the status and diffusion of public and private elementary schools for both boys and girls, as well as mixed schools and evening and holiday schools for adults.
The essay reconstructs the state of primary education in the province of Cagliari, in the aftermath of the Unification of Italy. The analysis starts from the years 1861-1864, through a comparison with primary education statistics in the school year 1853-1854. This comparison, in the largest and most populous province of Sardinia, is made through the study, re-presentation and re-elaboration of the statistical summaries presented and published in 1864 by the School Inspector Giovanni Scrivante.