bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examination of Plasmodium parasites in bone marrow puncture fluid for the diagnosis of imported-malaria in patients from the Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Huang Ying , author) Yan Wu(Co-first , Dong Ying , He Hua , Liang Guiliang , Xu Jun , Luo Yun , Li Yang , Zhang Yanling , author) Hongli Huang(Co-corresponding 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundChina has been certified as a malaria-free country by World Health Organization (WHO) in June 2021, the pressure of continuously preventing the dissemination from imported-malaria urgently calls for timely monitoring and effective management the malaria cases. To compensate for the risk of missed diagnosis of malaria using peripheral blood examination alone, medical institutions in Yunnan Province launched bone marrow puncture examination to confirm Plasmodium infection more accurately.MethodsPatients with a recent history of travelling to malaria-endemic areas outside of China, who were excluded from microbial infections such as tuberculosis and exhibited persistent abnormalities, including hepatosplenomegaly and decreased platelet pressure and the negative for Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) antigen in the peripheral blood, were enrolled in the study. The cases ware conducted the bone marrow aspirate from anterior superior iliac spine to screen for Plasmodium infection in bone marrow fluid. Then the pLDH genes of the Plasmodium isolates from cases ware amplified by nested PCR. The amplification products were sequenced, and the B-cell epitopes and the oligomeric spatial structures of the pLDH peptide chains were analyzed.ResultsFive patients found Plasmodium infection in bone marrow fluid were included in the study, which included four patients with Plasmodium negative and one patient with Plasmodium falciparum positive in peripheral blood. Two pLDH negative cases in peripheral blood were confirmed as Plasmodium vivax infection, with the proportion of ring stage, large trophozoites, schizonts, and stage III-V gametocytes reaching 28.3%, 38.3%, 4.8%, 11.5%, 16.5% and 0.8%, respectively. The erythrocyte count and hemoglobin concentration of the five cases post-treatment merely increased to the lower end of the normal range. Platelet count returned to the normal range, increasing by 466%, 378%, 252%, 168% and 35%, respectively. There were four to five B-cell antigenic determinants along pLDH peptide chains of the infected strains in the five cases. Of them, the four sequences of 63th~70th aa, 86th~96th aa, 198th~207th aa, 287th~295th were commonly found on pLDH peptide chains from Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium malariea strains. Of note, the sequence of “211-EEVEGIFDR-220" was only detected in Plasmodium vivax strain, whereas the sequence of “207-LISDAE-213” was unique for Plasmodium falciparum strain. The spatial location of both two sequences was proximal to the “fusion region" of antigenic epitopes on the surface of pLDH tetramer.ConclusionExamination of the Plasmodium in bone marrow puncture fluid could make up for the missed diagnosis of malaria that solely relies on peripheral blood.
One-dimensional nanostructured vanadium oxides with single-crystalline structure synthesized by cellulose nanocrystal-template-assisted hydrothermal method for Li-ion battery cathodes
Authors: Youn Chulmin , Ko Wonsuk , Jo Ayoung , Lee Joonbong , Yeo Sang Young , Seo Yongho , lee Jonghun , Lee Byoung-Sun , Kim Jongsoon , Choi Taekjib 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have emerged as a promising templating material due to unique features, such as high surface area, surface hydroxyl groups and rod-like shape, which allow for sustainable nanoscale control of advanced functional materials. Especially, such high surface functionality and specific morphology can be imparted on the resultant nanomaterials with beneficial properties during templating. Here, we present synthesis of one-dimensional (1D) nanostructured vanadium oxides (NVOs), such as VO2(B) and V2O5‧nH2O nanobelts (NBs), with single- crystalline by hydrothermal treatment using CNCs as a sacrificial template. Importantly, the single-crystal vanadium oxide nanobelts exhibits the enhanced electrochemical performance of Li ion batteries with high specific capacity (>300 mAh/g) and long lifespan (>244 mAh/g at 50 cycles) compared to the polycrystalline nanoflakes (NFs) counterpart. Furthermore, we suggest that during hydrothermal treatment the sacrificial CNCs template-derived carbon is beneficial for electron transfer in cathode materials. Thus, we demonstrate that the utilization of CNCs templating to develop novel single-crystalline oxide cathode nanomaterials can provide a fruitful pathway for extraordinary electrochemical performance of next-generation alkaline batteries.
MEX3A induces the development of thyroid cancer via targeting CREB1 Running title: MEX3A promotes thyroid cancer development
Authors: Feng Guoxun , Wang Penghui , Zhang Hongyi , Cheng Shi , Xing Ying , Wang Yuan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Thyroid cancer is a frequent endocrine cancer, and its incidence continues to rise globally. MEX3A has been revealed to be strongly expressed in many human malignant tumors including thyroid cancer and is related to patients’ prognosis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the tumorigenic capacities of MEX3A in thyroid cancer have not been elucidated. In this study, we verified that MEX3A is overexpressed in thyroid cancer tissues and cell lines. High levels of MEX3A positively link to AJCC stage. Moreover, MEX3A depletion attenuated abilities of proliferation and migration, ameliorated cell apoptosis as well as arrested tumor growth. Mechanistically, we found that the tumor-promoting effects of MEX3A in thyroid cancer was mediated by CREB1. Silencing CREB1 could relieve the promotion of MEX3A elevation on malignant phenotypes of thyroid cancer cells. Together, the results of this study highlight the importance of the MEX3A-CREB1 interaction for thyroid cancer cells to growth and suggest the potential of MEX3A as a therapeutic target for thyroid cancer.
Analysis and reflection on the global Enterovirus A popularity trend
Authors: Qiao Xiaorong , Wang Yan , Li Yuhan , Liu Xiaolan , Wang Lulu , Yang Qingru , Wang Hua , Shen Hongxing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Enteroviruses have been in massive, cyclical epidemics worldwide. Enterovirus A(EVA) is the most common enterovirus causing global infections. An in-depth understanding of the international epidemiological characteristics of EVA is critical to determining its clinical significance and total disease burden. Although much research has been conducted on EVA epidemiology, there is still a lack of a comprehensive overview of EVA epidemiological characteristics and trends worldwide. We analyzed the worldwide prevalence of EVA by year, geographic region, and serotype using EVA nucleic acid sequences provided by NCBI virus databases. The results found that 23041 retrieved nucleic acid sequences with precise collection dates and the geographical region as of December 2021, with Asia accounting for 87%, Europe for 11%, and Africa and the Americas for just 2%. EVA showed different epidemic patterns as time went by, with EV-A71 dominating the overall global epidemic from 2008 to 2012; after 2013, CVA6 replaced EV-A71 as the leading prevalent serotype, but EV-A71 still defeated the EVA isolated in cerebrospinal fluid. In conclusion, it was found that the prevalence of different serotypes of EVA varied considerably in other times and spaces, with EV-A71, CVA6, and CVA16 predominating in Asia, Europe and America. In contrast, the prevalence of EV-A71, CVA4, and CVA16 were higher in Africa. This study will likely provide important clues for prevention, control, and future research in virologic surveillance, disease management, and vaccine development.
Reinforcement Learned Adversarial Agent (ReLAA) for Active Fault Detection and Prediction in Space Habitats
Authors: Overlin Matthew , Iannucci Steven , Wilkins Bradly , McBain Alexander , Provancher Jason 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
With growing interest for human space travel in the 21st century, much attention has been directed to the robust engineering of life sustainment systems in deep space habitats. The stable, reliable operation of such a habitat is partly achieved with an ability to recognize and predict faults. For these two purposes, a reinforcement learning adversarial agent (ReLAA) that is trained with experimental data to actively recognize and predict faults is introduced in this work. ReLAA proposes activating known faults in a system then simulates a digital twin of the mock space habitat to discover vulnerabilities which would lead to faulted operation. The methods developed in this work will allow for the discovery of damaging latent behavior, and the reduction of false positive and negative fault identification.
Left ventricular “longitudinal rotation” and conduction abnormalities – a new outlook on dyssynchrony
Authors: Marai Ibrahim , Haddad Rabea , Andria Nizar , Kinany Wadi , Hazanov Yevgeni , Birati Edo , Carasso Shemy 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
CLBBB results in sequential contraction and ventricular dyssynchrony, reducing systolic and diastolic efficiency. We have noticed a distinct clockwise rotation of the left ventricle (LV) in patients with LBBB (“longitudinal rotation”).
Aim
The aim of this study was to quantify this “longitudinal rotation” of the LV in patients with CLBBB in comparison to patients with normal conduction or RBBB.
Methods
60 consecutive patients with normal QRS, RBBB or LBBB were included. Stored raw data DICOM 2D apical-4 chambers view images cine clips were analyzed using EchoPac plugin version 203 (GE Vingmed Ultrasound AS, Horten, Norway). In EchoPac – Q-Analysis/2D strain application was selected. Instead of apical views algorithms, SAX-MV (shore axis – mitral valve level) algorhithm was selected for analysis. A closed loop endocardial contour was drawn to initiate analysis. The “posterior” segment (representing the mitral valve) was excluded before finalizing analysis. Longitudinal rotation direction, peak angle and time to peak rotation were recorded.
Results
All patients with CLBBB (n = 21) had clockwise longitudinal rotation with mean 4 chamber peak rotation angle of -3.9 ± 2.4°. This rotation is significantly higher than patients with normal QRS (-1.4 ± 3°, p = 0.005) and RBBB (0.1 ± 2.2°, p = 0.00001). Clockwise rotation was found to be correlated to QRS duration in patients with non- RBBB pattern. The angle of rotation was not associated with low ejection fraction or the presence of regional wall abnormality or the strain software used.
Conclusion
significant clockwise longitudinal rotation was found in in CLBBB patients compared to normal QRS or RBBB patients using speckle tracking echocardiography.
Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy Versus Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Anal Canal: Analysis of Acute Toxicity and Prognostic Factors for Survival
Authors: Sauter Christina , Peeken Jan C. , Borm Kai , Diehl Christian , Münch Stefan , Combs Stephanie E. , Dapper Hendrik 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose We compared our institutional experience with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and 3D-conformal radiotherapy (3D-RT) for definitive treatment of primary anal cancer.MethodsWe performed a single-institution retrospective review of all patients with anal squamous cell carcinoma treated with definitive (chemo)radiotherapy with curative intent from 2004 through 2018. We assessed several prognostic factors in respect to relevant survival endpoints. In addition, acute toxicities were determined and compared between IMRT and 3D-RT patients.ResultsThis study included 94 patients (58 IMRT, 36 3D-RT). Mean follow up for all patients, for IMRT and 3D-RT patients was 61 months (range: 6-176), 46 months (range: 6-118), and 85 months (range: 6-176), respectively.5-year overall survival (OS) was 86%, disease-free survival (DFS) was 72%, and colostomy-free survival (CFS) was 75% in the IMRT cohort. In the 3D-RT cohort, OS was 87%, DFS was 71%, and CFS was 81% (all p>0.05). Male gender and Karnofsky Index (KI) were revealed as independent prognostic factors for 5-year OS (p=0.017; p=0.023). UICC stage was an independent prognostic factor for DFS and CFS (p=0.023; p=0.042). In addition, the pre-treatment leukocyte count was an independent prognostic factor for CFS (p=0.042). Acute grade ≥ 3 toxicity was not significantly different between IMRT and 3D-RT patients, but the IMRT cohort had favorable outcomes.ConclusionThis study confirmed IMRT as the primary definitive treatment of anal cancer. With similar survival rates, IMRT had the potential to reduce acute toxicity by sparing organs at risk. Promising prognostic factors such as BMI, KI, and leucocyte and hemoglobin levels should be further investigated.
Antibacterial activity and chemical profile of the bioactive compounds from Aloe polyphylla Schönland
Authors: Maliehe Tsolanku Sidney , Ngidi Londeka Sibusisiwe , Shandu Jabulani Siyabonga Emmanuel , Pooe Ofentse Jacob , Selepe Tlou Nelson 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The availability of knowledge regarding the ethnomedicinal value and phytochemistry of Aloe polyphylla Schönland has neither been documented nor fully explored. However, this aloe might possess phytocompounds of some medicinal importance.
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity and phytochemical profile of A. polyphylla Schönland gel extract.
Methods
The gel extract from A. polyphylla Schönland was evaluated for its antibacterial activity and chemical composition using the microdilution method and gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS), respectively. The molecular interactions of the identified ligands with penicillin‑binding protein 2x (PDP2) were studied by AutoDock Vina to predict the antibacterial mechanisms.
Results
The extract exhibited antibacterial activity against the selected bacteria with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.05 to 0.781 mg/mL. The GC-MS analysis revealed 244 phytoconstituents with 4H-pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl (15.66%), 5hydroxymethylfurfural (9.63%), tetradecanoic acid (3.93%), 3-butyl-4-nitro-pent-4-enoic acid, methyl ester (3.51%) and 2',4'-dihydroxy-3'-methylacetophenone (3.26%) as main compounds. The molecular structures of the ligands showed moderate interactions with PBP2, with the docking scores of -5.00, -4.8, -4.3, -5.0 and − 5.1 kcal/mol against 4H-pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, 2',4'-dihydroxy-3'-methylacetophenone, 3-butyl-4-nitro-pent-4-enoic acid, methyl ester and tetradecanoic acid, respectively.
Conclusion
The gel extract was revealed to have potential pharmacological applicability.
Theoretical Study of Gold Nanoparticles and Microorganisms in the Blood Flow of a Regular Catheterized Multi-Stenosed Artery
Authors: Muthtamilselvan M. , Hingis Y. M. Gifteena 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the flow of blood in the blood vessels through a regular catheterized artery with multiple stenosis under microorganisms and gold nanoparticles is studied theoretically. The blood is considered as Newtonian fluid by the nature of plasma. The assumptions of mild stenosis are made and similar governing equations for the flow of blood are simplified and solved. The Cauchy-Euler method is used for finding the exact solutions. From the exact solutions, graphs for temperature, velocity, shear stress, resistance impedance, nanoparticle concentration, and microorganism concentration are plotted. The study reveals that the gold nanoparticles increase the flow of blood in the arteries and regulates the flow in axial velocity. Multiple stenosis with the shape parameter, stenosis height and the radius of the catheter shows significant effects for concentration, velocity, temperature and other parameters. Effect of Peclet number and Grashof number for various physical paramaters is also discussed.
Biosorption of heavy metal ions from the aqueous solutions using porous Sargassum Wightii (SW) brown algae: batch adsorption, kinetic and thermodynamic studies
Authors: Yogeshwaran V. , Priya A.K. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The removal of heavy metal ions (Cr, Pb and Zn) present in aqueous solutions has been examined utilizing Sargassum Wightii (SW) - brown algae – as an organic adsorbent. The functional groups of SW were determined by FTIR analysis before and after heavy metal ion adsorption. Because of the strong Van der Walls forces, the SEM/EDX picture reveals the presence of heavy metal ions on the surface of the SW. The influence of adsorption was studied in different settings by adjusting the parameters of pH, SW dosage, metal ion concentration, time of contact and temperature. In addition, the thermodynamic and isotherm investigations were carried out in order to determine the adsorption process and its connection. It was found that by adding 0.3 N H2SO4, the maximal desorption rate was achieved.
Factors associated with COVID-19 booster vaccine willingness among migrants from the Eastern Mediterranean living in Australia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Allen Keeley , Lambert Stephen B , Yuen Aidan , Pourmarzi Davoud 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Migrants have been disproportionally affected by COVID-19 in Australia. Vaccination against COVID-19 is a key pillar of Australia's public health response, but little is known about the willingness to receive booster vaccinations among migrants. This study aimed to assess the factors associated with a willingness to receive a COVID-19 booster vaccine among migrants living in Australia born in the World Health Organization’s Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO).
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted from September to November 2021 (n = 300). Participants were questioned on booster vaccine willingness, sociodemographic characteristics, COVID-19 vaccine information needs and sources, and perceptions of COVID-19 vaccines. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to assess factors associated with booster willingness.
Results
Most respondents (87%) had received two doses of COVID-19 vaccine, of which 81% were willing to receive a booster dose. About half of the participants reported high or very high needs for receiving information about “COVID-19 vaccines’ safety monitoring in Australia”, “COVID-19 vaccines protection against illness”, “Safety of COVID-19 vaccines used in Australia”, and “The Australian COVID-19 vaccination program”. People who were willing to receive a boost dose had significantly higher self-estimated knowledge of COVID-19 vaccines, confidence in COVID-19 vaccines and trust in the Australian government’s vaccine recommendations, and perceived COVID-19 as a greater risk compared to those who were unsure/hesitant. Both groups reported similar perceptions of their personal risks from COVID-19 but diverged on their views of COVID-19 as a broader health problem. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of channels used to find information about COVID-19 vaccines. Factors associated with willingness to receive a COVID-19 booster vaccine in the multivariate logistic regression were age (OR:1.07, 95%CI:1.02–1.12), and no exposure to concerning news about COVID-19 vaccines (OR:3.71, 95%CI:1.51–9.08).
Conclusion
Vaccine acceptance and reported booster willingness was high. The results suggest the news and information seen may impact willingness to receive booster doses, even among those who have already received doses of COVID-19 vaccine. Addressing vaccine concerns and transparent communication about uncertainty should be a priority in the current and in future pandemics.
Identification of new flavonoid compounds in dandelion Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz. and evaluation of their antioxidant activities
Authors: Wang Rong , Li Weihua , Fang Cao , Zheng Xinxin , Liu Chao , Huang Qing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Due to the interest in the potential pharmacological application of dandelion, the chemical constituents and activities of Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz were studied. Box-Behnken response surface methodology was employed to optimize the protocol for extraction of flavonoids from dandelion. The molecular structures of different flavonoid compounds were acquired and analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Seven flavonoid compounds were isolated and purified, namely, hesperetin−5'-O-β-rhamnoglucoside (I), quercetin (II), hesperetin−7-glucuronide (III), kaempferol−3-glucoside (IV), baicalein (V), hyperseroside (VI) and rutin (VII), among which the flavonoid compounds II, III, V, VI were extracted for the first time from dandelion, whereas the compound I : hesperetin−5'-O-β-rhamnoglucoside, was identified as a new type of flavonoid that had never reported in the literature. The antioxidant activities of the extracted flavonoids were examined, and the determination of structure-related antioxidant activity could be interpreted based on DFT calculations. As such, we have not only illustrated the rich flavonoid contents in Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz, but also revealed new types of flavonoids in dandelion in terms of structure and antioxidant properties.
Sticky PDMP samplers for sparse and local inference problems
Authors: Bierkens Joris , Grazzi Sebastiano , Meulen Frank van der , Schauer Moritz 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We construct a new class of efficient Monte Carlo methods based on continuous-time piecewise deterministic Markov processes (PDMPs) suitable for inference in high dimensional sparse models, i.e. models for which there is prior knowledge that many coordinates are likely to be exactly 0. This is achieved with the fairly simple idea of endowing existing PDMP samplers with “sticky” coordinate axes, coordinate planes etc. Upon hitting those subspaces, an event is triggered during which the process sticks to the subspace, this way spending some time in a sub-model. This results in non-reversible jumps between different (sub-)models. While we show that PDMP samplers in general can be made sticky, we mainly focus on the Zig-Zag sampler. Compared to the Gibbs sampler for variable selection, we heuristically derive favourable dependence of the Sticky Zig-Zag sampler on dimension and data size. The computational efficiency of the Sticky Zig-Zag sampler is further established through numerical experiments where both the sample size and the dimension of the parameter space are large.