bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
METHOD OF "SKELETAL STRUCTURES" TO SIMPLIFY THE PARAMETRIZATION PROCESS IN AUTOCAD
Authors: Gnitetska Tetjana , Gnitetska Galyna 
Published: June 2022

The article considers the method of "skeletal structures", proposed to simplify the process of parameterization. When parameterizing objects whose shape has more than one contour, there may be some complications, namely: auto-overlay dependencies, or sequential parameterization of the relative position of image fragments, can lead to an excessive number of dependencies, which can lead to inconsistencies when performing parameterization . The proposed method allows you to minimize such inconveniences, reduce the number of superimposed parameters and improve the quality of control over the shape of the object. The stages of parameterization of objects by the method of "skeletal structures" are formulated and characterized and recommendations for its use are given.
The method of "skeletal structures" was developed and applied in the process of studying the topic "Parameterization" of the course "Engineering and Computer Graphics" at the Department of Descriptive Geometry, Engineering and Computer Graphics of the National Technical University of Ukraine "Kyiv Polytechnic Institute named after Igor Sikorsky". The application of the method on the example of flat parts of complex shape and for the structures used in the study of the topic "Assembly drawing" is demonstrated. As a condition of the task in the topic "Assembly drawing" we used a parameterized folding unit, which students adjusted to the parameters corresponding to the variant of the task, and supplemented the drawing with simplified images of fastening threaded elements made by them in the form of dynamic blocks.
Web interface - an example of the universal platform of engineering calculations in the educational process
Authors: Kopanytsia Yuri , Gizha Olena , Nechypor Oksana , Tavartkiladze Nestan 
Published: June 2022

The current trend of technology development in the educational process is based on Internet communications, online calculations and mobile microprocessor gadgets.
The article shows an example of developing a universal and reliable server platform for interactive online applications that can be used in the learning process. A web service implemented in the PERL programming language using secure CGI client-server technology is presented.
The implementation of the technology is considered in detail on the example of a typical problem of the course "Technical Mechanics of Liquids and Gases" to determine the critical depth of flow in the open channel.
The analysis of possibilities and - most importantly - limitations of various modern trends in the implementation of computer algebra systems in comparison with the development of an interactive web form of online calculations, which is developed specifically for each educational task.
An experimental project of educational and methodical material with web forms of online calculation of individual tasks is a variant of modern universal online technology. This example combines a wide range of microprocessor gadgets and operating systems without restrictions.
The calculations are presented in tabular format of the output of the entire volume of iterative calculations and graphical visualization of the results. Conclusions of calculations in a graphical format with scaling avoids conventionality or formal schematics in the process of analysis and conclusions about the results of the calculation.
At each stage of using the web form, the size, size and format of data entry are controlled. The main purpose of the implementation of an interactive web form with the conclusion of scaled visualization of the results of calculations - to bring conditional learning examples to real practical calculations.
Insecticidal efficacy of modern remedies for ctenocephalidosis of dogs
Authors: Yevstafieva V. , Horb K. , Horb K. , Melnychuk V. 
Published: June 2022

To control and prevent Ctenocephalides in animals, many drugs of different chemical groups and manufacturers have been proposed, which do not always have a high therapeutic and prophylactic effect. This forces scientists and experts in many countries worldwide to evaluate the effectiveness of available drugs against Ctenocephalides spp. and the development of optimal timing of their use for ctenocephalidosis in dogs. The study aimed to establish the therapeutic efficacy of various modern remedies for ctenocephalidosis in dogs. For this purpose, drugs with different active substances and methods of application were tested: sarolaner (oral tablets “Simparica”), fipronil (drops and collar “Insektostop”), as well as a combination drug: fipronil + S-methoprene (drops “Fipren”). It was found that the most effective insecticides against fleas species Ctenocephalides felis and Ct. canis, parasitic in dogs, were found in oral tablets “Simparica” and drops “Fipren”. Their extensefficacy and intensefficacy on the 30th day of the experiment was 100.0 %. The effectiveness of the “Insektostop” collar was low. Thus, after 24 h, its extens- and intensefficacy concerning Ct. felis was 0 and 55.25 %, relative to Ct. canis – 33.33 and 75.00 %, respectively. After 72 h, the efficiency increased slightly relative to Ct. felis 16.67 and 66.60 %, and relative to Ct. canis – 100.00 %, respectively. On the 14th day of the experiment, the efficiency indicators were at the level: relative to Ct. felis – 0 and 39.77 %, relative to Ct. canis – 50.00 and 58.59 %, and at 30 th days – 16.67 and 36.74 % (relative to Ct. felis), 66.67 and 43.27 % (relative to Ct. canis), respectively. After application of “Insektostop” drops after 24 h, the drug's effectiveness was high (100.0 %) against fleas of the Ct. canis. At the same time, the drops were not effective against Ct. felis – 0 and 47.36 %. After 72 h, the efficacy values were relative to Ct. felis – 16.67 and 69.3 %, and relative to Ct. canis – 50.00 and 76.54 %, respectively. During 14–30 days of the experiment, the indicators of extens- and intensefficacy gradually decreased from 33.33 to 16.67 % and from 65.08 to 48.09 % relative to Ct. felis. Regarding Ct., canis extensefficacy remained at 83.33 %, and intensefficacy decreased from 58.59 to 51.38 %. The research results allow us to recommend highly effective drugs in the control and prevention of Ctenocephalides in dogs caused by fleas of Ctenocephalides felis and Ct. canis.
Mortalidade infantil em crianças menores de um ano na região noroeste do estado do Paraná
Authors: Marcomini Emilli Karine , Frank Ana Gabriela Fernandes , Paula Nanci Verginia Kuster , Gerbasi Adalberto Ramom Valderrama 
Published: June 2022

A mortalidade infantil é considerada um fator relevante para avaliar condições de saúde de uma população, uma temática bem esclarecida na literatura, no entanto, carece de informações sobre a causalidade em localidades específicas. Logo, a pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar a taxa e as causas de mortalidade infantil em alguns municípios da 12a Regional de Saúde do Paraná, no período de 2015 a 2019. Trata-se de um estudo de caráter epidemiológico, transversal realizado na plataforma digital DATASUS. A amostra foi constituída por 191 óbitos, dos quais, a média da taxa de mortalidade infantil entre os anos variou de 14,92 a 26,98/mil nascidos vivos. A causa mais frequente foi identificada como afecções originadas no período perinatal (72,0%), que teve associação significativa pelo teste Wilcoxon/Mann-Whiney quando comparada a causa de anomalias congênitas (21,9%). A qualidade da assistência ofertada durante o pré-natal e puerpério pode ter relação com a causa encontrada, o que intriga na avaliação de programas e projetos na regional em questão.
Investigating the Perovskite Ag1-3xLaxNbO3 as a High-Rate Negative Electrode for Li-Ion Batteries
Authors: Le Calvez Etienne , Espinosa-Angeles Julio César , Whang Grace J. , Dupré Nicolas , Dunn Bruce S. , Crosnier Olivier , Brousse Thierry 
Published: June 2022

The broader development of the electric car for tomorrow’s mobility requires the emergence of new fast-charging negative electrode materials to replace graphite in Li-ion batteries. In this area, the design of new compounds using innovative approaches could be the key to discovering new negative electrode materials that allow for faster charging and discharging processes. Here, we present a partially substituted AgNbO3 perovskite material by introducing lanthanum in the A-site. By creating two vacancies for every lanthanum introduced in the structure, the resulting general formula becomes Ag1-3xLax□2xNbO3 (with x ≤ 0.20 and where □ is a A-site vacancy), allowing the insertion of lithium ions. The highly substituted Ag0.40La0.20□0.40NbO3 oxide shows a specific capacity of 40 mAh.g−1 at a low sweep rate (0.1 mV s−1). Interestingly, Ag0.70La0.10□0.20NbO3 retains 64% of its capacity at a very high sweep rate (50 mV s−1) and about 95% after 800 cycles. Ex situ7Li MAS NMR experiments confirmed the insertion of lithium ions in these materials. A kinetic analysis of Ag1-3xLax□2xNbO3 underlines the ability to store charge without solid-state ion-diffusion limitations. Furthermore, in situ XRD indicates no structural modification of the compound when accommodating lithium ions, which can be considered as zero-strain material. This finding explains the interesting capacity retention observed after 800 cycles. This paper thus demonstrates an alternative approach to traditional insertion materials and identifies a different way to explore not-so common electrode materials for fast energy storage application.
How the Way a Naphthalimide Unit is Implemented Affects the Photophysical and -catalytic Properties of Cu(I) Photosensitizers
Authors: Yang Yingya , Doettinger Florian , Kleeberg Christian , Frey Wolfgang , Karnahl Michael , Tschierlei Stefanie 
Published: June 2022

Driven by the great potential of solar energy conversion this study comprises the evaluation and comparison of two different design approaches for the improvement of copper based photosensitizers. In particular, the distinction between the effects of a covalently linked and a directly fused naphthalimide unit was assessed. For this purpose, the two heteroleptic Cu(I) complexes CuNIphen (NIphen = 5-(1,8-naphthalimide)-1,10-phenanthroline) and Cubiipo (biipo = 16H-benzo-[4′,5′]-isoquinolino-[2′,1′,:1,2]-imidazo-[4,5-f]-[1,10]-phenanthroline-16-one) were prepared and compared with the novel unsubstituted reference compound Cuphen (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline). Beside a comprehensive structural characterization, including two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and X-ray analysis, a combination of electrochemistry, steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy was used to determine the electrochemical and photophysical properties in detail. The nature of the excited states was further examined by (time-dependent) density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations. It was found that CuNIphen exhibits a greatly enhanced absorption in the visible and a strong dependency of the excited state lifetimes on the chosen solvent. For example, the lifetime of CuNIphen extends from 0.37 µs in CH2Cl2 to 19.24 µs in MeCN, while it decreases from 128.39 to 2.6 µs in Cubiipo. Furthermore, CuNIphen has an exceptional photostability, allowing for an efficient and repetitive production of singlet oxygen with quantum yields of about 32%.
A Cardiovascular Disease Prediction Model Based on Routine Physical Examination Indicators Using Machine Learning Methods: A Cohort Study
Authors: Qian Xin , Li Yu , Zhang Xianghui , Guo Heng , He Jia , Wang Xinping , Yan Yizhong , Ma Jiaolong , Ma Rulin , Guo Shuxia 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundCardiovascular diseases (CVD) are currently the leading cause of premature death worldwide. Model-based early detection of high-risk populations for CVD is the key to CVD prevention. Thus, this research aimed to use machine learning (ML) algorithms to establish a CVD prediction model based on routine physical examination indicators suitable for the Xinjiang rural population.MethodThe research cohort data collection was divided into two stages. The first stage involved a baseline survey from 2010 to 2012, with follow-up ending in December 2017. The second-phase baseline survey was conducted from September to December 2016, and follow-up ended in August 2021. A total of 12,692 participants (10,407 Uyghur and 2,285 Kazak) were included in the study. Screening predictors and establishing variable subsets were based on least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression, logistic regression forward partial likelihood estimation (FLR), random forest (RF) feature importance, and RF variable importance. The selected subset of variables was compared with L1 regularized logistic regression (L1-LR), RF, support vector machine (SVM), and AdaBoost algorithm to establish a CVD prediction model suitable for this population. The incidence of CVD in this population was then analyzed.ResultAfter 4.94 years of follow-up, a total of 1,176 people were diagnosed with CVD (cumulative incidence: 9.27%). In the comparison of discrimination and calibration, the prediction performance of the subset of variables selected based on FLR was better than that of other models. Combining the results of discrimination, calibration, and clinical validity, the prediction model based on L1-LR had the best prediction performance. Age, systolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein-L/high-density lipoproteins-C, triglyceride blood glucose index, body mass index, and body adiposity index were all important predictors of the onset of CVD in the Xinjiang rural population.ConclusionIn the Xinjiang rural population, the prediction model based on L1-LR had the best prediction performance.
The Association Between Congestive Heart Failure and One-Year Mortality After Surgery in Singaporean Adults: A Secondary Retrospective Cohort Study Using Propensity-Score Matching, Propensity Adjustment, and Propensity-Based Weighting
Authors: Han Yong , Hu Haofei , Liu Yufei , Li Qiming , Huang Zhiqiang , Wang Zhibin , Liu Dehong , Wei Longning 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundAlthough congestive heart failure (CHF) is considered a risk factor for postoperative mortality, reliable quantification of the relationship between CHF and postoperative mortality risk is limited. We aimed to investigate the association between CHF and 1-year mortality after surgery in a large cohort of the Singaporean population.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, the study population included 69,032 adult patients who underwent surgery at Singapore General Hospital between 1 January 2012 and 31 October 2016. The target independent and dependent variables were CHF and 1-year mortality after surgery, respectively. Propensity score was estimated using a non-parsimonious multivariable logistic regression model. Multivariable adjustment, propensity score matching, propensity score adjustment, and propensity score-based weighting Cox proportional-hazards regression were performed to investigate the association between CHF and 1-year mortality after surgery.ResultsThe multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) in the original cohort was 1.39 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.20–1.61, P &lt; 0.001). In additional propensity score adjustment, the HR between CHF and 1-year mortality after surgery was 1.34 (95% CI: 1.15–1.56, P &lt; 0.001). In the propensity score-matched cohort, the multivariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression model analysis showed participants with CHF had a 54% increased risk of 1-year mortality after surgery (HR 1.54, 95% CI: 1.19–1.98, P &lt; 0.001). The multivariate-adjusted HR of the inverse probability of treatment-weighted and standardised mortality ratio-weighted cohorts was 1.34 (95% CI: 1.10–1.62, P = 0.004) and 1.24 (95% CI: 1.17–1.32, P &lt; 0.001), respectively.ConclusionCHF is an independent risk factor for 1-year mortality after surgery in patients undergoing surgery. Depending on the statistical method, patients with CHF had a 24–54% increased risk of 1-year all-cause mortality after surgery. This provides a reference for optimising clinical decision-making, improving preoperative consultation, and promoting clinical communication.
Diffuse Myocardial Fibrosis and Cardiomyocyte Diameter Are Associated With Heart Failure Symptoms in Chagas Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Nardi Gemme Cristiane , Silva Thiago Quinaglia A. C. , Martins Luiz C. , da Silva Luis Miguel , Paim Layde Rosane , Sposito Andrei , Nadruz Wilson , Fernandes Fabio , San Juan Dertkigil Sergio , da Silva Wanderley Jamiro , de Almeida Eros A. , Metze Konradin , Neilan Tomas G. , Jerosch-Herold Michael , Coelho-Filho Otávio R. 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundChronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC) constitutes the most life-threatening consequence of the Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Our goal was to test in CCC the associations of the myocardial tissue phenotype with cardiac dysfunction, and heart failure (HF) severity, using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR).MethodsWe performed a prospective observational cohort of patients with consecutive CCC with a CMR protocol, including ventricular function, myocardial T1, and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). Extracellular volume (ECV), and intracellular water lifetime, τic, a measure of cardiomyocyte diameter, were compared to CCC disease progression, including Rassi score and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class. An exploratory prognostic analysis was performed to investigate the association of both ECV and τic with CV death.ResultsA total of 37 patients with intermediate-to-high-risk CCC were enrolled (Chagas Rassi score ≥7, mean left ventricle (LV) ejection fraction (EF) 32 ± 16%). Myocardial ECV (0.40 ± 0.07) was correlated with Rassi score (r = 0.43; P = 0.009), higher NYHA class, and LV EF (r = −0.51; P = 0.0015). τic decreased linearly with NYHA class (P = 0.007 for non-parametric test of linear trend) and showed a positive association with LV EF (r = 0.47; P = 0.004). Over a median follow-up of 734 days (range: 6–2,943 days), CV death or cardiac transplantation occurred in 10 patients. The Rassi score (heart rate [HR] = 1.3; 95% CI = [1.0, 1.8]; P = 0.028) and ECV (HR = 3.4 for 0.1 change, 95% CI = [1.1, 11.0], P = 0.039) were simultaneously associated with CV death.ConclusionIn patients with intermediate-to-high-risk CCC, an expanded ECV and regression of cardiomyocyte diameter were associated with worsening systolic function and HF severity, respectively. The exploratory analysis indicates that ECV may have a prognostic value to identify patients with CCC at a higher risk for cardiovascular events.
Adenosine Concentration in Patients With Neurally Mediated Syncope
Authors: Groppelli Antonella , Brignole Michele , Chefrour Mohamed , Gastaldi Marguerite , El Oufir Farid , Deharo Jean Claude , Parati Gianfranco , Guieu Régis 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundEither high or low values of adenosine blood level (ABL) can differentiate some forms of neurally mediated syncope (NMS). A rapid method of measurement has recently been developed. The aim of the present study was: (1) to compare ABLs in an unselected population of consecutive patients referred for evaluation of suspected NMS syncope and in healthy controls; and (2) to assess the relative prevalence of low and high adenosine forms among an unselected syncope population.MethodWhole blood was collected after finger puncture, blood being deposit on a blot paper and adenosine concentration was measured by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).ResultsAmong 89 control subjects, the median ABL value was 0.54 μM (IQR, 0.46–0.65). The lowest 5% and the upper 95% percentile were 0.40 and 0.80 μM, respectively. Compared with healthy subjects, the 146 patients with syncope showed, on average, a higher median ABL value [0.63 (IQR 0.45–0.73, p = 0.04)] and a larger distribution of values. Low ABL values below the 5th percentile were observed in 28 (19%) patients, and, in five controls, p = 0.003 and high ABL values were observed in 26 (18%) patients and five controls, p = 0.009.ConclusionsABL is different in patients with suspected NMS than in healthy subjects. Patients with low and high adenosine values account for 19% and 18% of the general population. Thus, low and high ABL limits, as defined in this study, may help to define the purinergic profile of unselected subjects with a clinical diagnosis of suspected NMS.
The Cenozoic Multiple-Stage Uplift of the Qiangtang Terrane, Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Zhao Zhongbao , Lu Haijian , Wang Shiguang , Li Haibing , Li Chao , Liu Dongliang , Pan Jiawei , Zheng Yong , Bai Minkun 
Published: June 2022

Cenozoic collision between the Indian and Asian continents is generally considered as the main driver forming the high Tibetan Plateau (TP). However, it remains hotly debated when and how the relatively flat and highly elevated TP was formed. Here, we present combined analyses of the apatite fission track (AFT) and apatite (U-Th)/He (AHe) of 18 granite samples along three steep topographic transects in the central part of the Qiangtang Terrane (QT), TP. The results indicate that the AFT ages of all samples are mostly between 130 Ma and 80 Ma, while the AHe ages range from 80 Ma to 40 Ma. Further thermal history modeling indicates that no significant cooling occurred after 40 Ma for most samples, except those lying close to the Reganpei Co extensional fault in the QT. The results are generally consistent with other low-temperature thermochronological data, as well as structural and sedimentologic data from the QT, suggesting that low relief and the relatively flat topography of the QT were almost completely formed before ∼40 Ma. As both megafossils and pollen had undergone a sharp change from subtropical- to psychro-species, indicating a relatively low elevation (∼2 km) at ∼40 Ma and &gt;2 km uplift during the Oligocene. We use simple one-dimensional isostatic modeling to assess the contribution of convective removal of the lithospheric mantle to the present elevation of the QT. The results suggest that a combined effect of isostatic rebound (≥2 km) and thermal expansion related to asthenosphere upwelling and subsequent crustal base heating (∼0.4 km) led to the final uplift of the QT. Therefore, the QT experienced multiple-stage uplift processes which were controlled by crustal thickening before ∼40 Ma and lithospheric mantle delamination during the Oligocene, respectively.