bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital Light Processing of Dynamic Bottlebrush Materials
Authors: Choi Chungryong , Okayama Yoichi , Morris Parker T. , Robinson Lindsay L. , Gerst Matthias , Speros Joshua C. , Hawker Craig J. , Read de Alaniz Javier , Bates Christopher M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBottlebrush elastomers have attracted significant attention as a class of super‐soft materials with a storage modulus (G′) less than the intrinsic entanglement shear modulus (Ge), but current processing strategies have been limited to molding or extrusion‐based 3D printing. Here, the ability to 3D print bottlebrush elastomers via digital light processing (DLP) is demonstrated through the design of novel resin components and building blocks. In particular, mono‐telechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) macromonomers with a 1,2‐dithiolane end group derived from α‐lipoic acid (LA) undergo fast and efficient copolymerization with PEG diacrylates under light (≤405 nm) in the presence of a photoinitiator to generate crosslinked bottlebrush networks containing dynamic disulfide backbones. This allows objects that are both super‐soft and solvent‐free to be printed with a commercial DLP printer. The resulting materials undergo dynamic disulfide exchange when exposed to ultraviolet light (365 nm) or elevated temperatures, facilitating reprocessing and postfabrication healing. These results establish a simple design strategy for the preparation of DLP resins based on natural building blocks (α‐lipoic acid), leading to materials with unique properties that broaden the utility of light‐based 3D printing with user‐friendly chemistry.
Reconfigurable Quasi‐Nonvolatile Memory/Subthermionic FET Functions in Ferroelectric–2D Semiconductor vdW Architectures
Authors: Wang Zhongwang , Liu Xiaochi , Zhou Xuefan , Yuan Yahua , Zhou Kechao , Zhang Dou , Luo Hang , Sun Jian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe functional reconfiguration of transistors and memory in homogenous ferroelectric devices offers significant opportunities for implementing the concepts of in‐memory computing and logic‐memory monolithic integration. Thus far, reconfiguration is realized through programmable doping profiles in the semiconductor channel using multiple‐gate operation. This complex device architecture limits further scaling to match the overall chip requirements. Here, reconfigurable memory/transistor functionalities in a ferroelectric‐gated van der Waals transistor by controlling the behavior of ferroelectric oxygen vacancies at the interface are demonstrated. Short‐ and long‐term memory functions are demonstrated by modulating the border oxygen vacancy distribution and the associated charge dynamics. The quasi‐nonvolatile long‐term memory exhibits data retention of over 105 s and endurance of up to 5 × 105 cycles, verifying its applicability as a potential device platform for neuromorphic networks. More importantly, by modulating the ferroelectricity of the interfacial domains with the interactions of oxygen vacancies, a hysteresis‐free logic transistor is realized with a subthermionic subthreshold swing down to 46 mV dec−1, which resembles a negative‐capacitance field‐effect transistor. The new concept of achieving functional reconfiguration with prior device performance in a single‐gate ferroelectric field‐effect transistor is of great advantage in future integrated circuit applications.
Universal Solution Synthesis of Sulfide Solid Electrolytes Using Alkahest for All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Lee Ji Eun , Park Kern‐Ho , Kim Jin Chul , Wi Tae‐Ung , Ha A. Reum , Song Yong Bae , Oh Dae Yang , Woo Jehoon , Kweon Seong Hyeon , Yeom Su Jeong , Cho Woosuk , Kim KyungSu , Lee Hyun‐Wook , Kwak Sang Kyu , Jung Yoon Seok 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe wet‐chemical processability of sulfide solid electrolytes (SEs) provides intriguing opportunities for all‐solid‐state batteries. Thus far, sulfide SEs are wet‐prepared either from solid precursors suspended in solvents (suspension synthesis) or from homogeneous solutions using SEs (solution process) with restricted composition spaces. Here, a universal solution synthesis method for preparing sulfide SEs from precursors, not only Li2S, P2S5, LiCl, and Na2S, but also metal sulfides (e.g., GeS2 and SnS2), fully dissolved in an alkahest: a mixture solvent of 1,2‐ethylenediamine (EDA) and 1,2‐ethanedithiol (EDT) (or ethanethiol). Raman spectroscopy and theoretical calculations reveal that the exceptional dissolving power of EDA–EDT toward GeS2 is due to the nucleophilicity of the thiolate anions that is strong enough to dissociate the GeS bonds. Solution‐synthesized Li10GeP2S12, Li6PS5Cl, and Na11Sn2PS12 exhibit high ionic conductivities (0.74, 1.3, and 0.10 mS cm−1 at 30 °C, respectively), and their application for all‐solid‐state batteries is successfully demonstrated.
3D Pine‐Needle‐Like W18O49/TiO2 Heterostructures as Dual‐Band Electrochromic Materials with Ultrafast Response and Excellent Stability
Authors: Huang Ya , Wang Baoshun , Bai Xiaojuan , Han Ying , Zhang Wenshuo , Zhou Chenhui , Meng Haibing , Chen Fengxiang , Wu Xueke , Jiang Qinyuan , Li Run , Zhang Shiliang , Jia Xilai , Zhang Rufan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDual‐band electrochromic (EC) smart windows, which can selectively modulate visible (VIS) and near‐infrared (NIR) light are widely regarded as one of the most attractive options to drastically reduce energy consumption in modern buildings. However, dual‐band EC smart windows still face many challenges such as weak modulation selectivity between VIS and NIR bands, low switching speed, poor durability, and high cost. Here, inspired by pine needles, a unique pine‐needle‐like (PNL) W18O49/TiO2 heterostructure is rationally constructed with W18O49 nanothorns (as branches) and TiO2 nanofibers (as backbones). The PNL‐W18O49/TiO2 heterostructures exhibit superior dual‐band EC performance in both VIS and NIR bands, which can block up to 81.4% of the VIS light at 633 nm and 91.3% of NIR at 1800 nm, and they also show extremely short bleaching/coloring time (0.9/1.2 s) and excellent stability (85% of capacity retention after 20 000 cycles) in a narrow potential window of −0.8 to 0.6 V. Besides, abundant patterned EC layers on a fluorine‐doped‐tin‐oxide‐coated conductive glass and flexible polyester conductive films can also be realized. This work provides an effective way for dual‐band EC materials’ design and their further development in smart windows and intelligent displays.
Template‐Assisted Self‐Assembly of Colloidal Silicon Nanoparticles for All‐Dielectric Nanoantenna
Authors: Negoro Hidemasa , Sugimoto Hiroshi , Hinamoto Tatsuki , Fujii Minoru 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA solution‐based bottom‐up process to produce one‐ and two‐dimensional arrays of densely packed spherical nanoparticles (NPs) of crystalline silicon (Si), having the lowest order Mie resonance in the visible range, is developed. First, an agglomeration‐free solution of Si NPs with a narrow size distribution is prepared. By using grooves fabricated on the surface of a polymer as a template, arrays of Si NPs with different shapes are formed by a template‐assisted self‐assembly method, and then they are transferred to an arbitrary substrate. To demonstrate proper formation of Si NP arrays, polarization‐resolved scattering spectra are measured for different size linear arrays, i.e., a monomer to a pentamer, of Si NPs placed on a silica substrate. The observed spectra are well‐reproduced by the numerical simulations. When the polarization direction of incident light is parallel to the array axis, the scattering spectra are strongly modified from that of a Si NP monomer due to near‐field coupling of the electric dipole (ED) modes. In a Si NP tetramer, the peak of the ED mode overlaps with that of the magnetic dipole (MD) mode and strong forward scattering is observed at the MD peak wavelength due to the Kerker effect.
Deep Transfer Learning: A Fast and Accurate Tool to Predict the Energy Levels of Donor Molecules for Organic Photovoltaics
Authors: Moore Gareth John , Bardagot Olivier , Banerji Natalie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMolecular engineering is driving the recent efficiency leaps in organic photovoltaics (OPVs). A presynthetic determination of frontier energy levels makes the screening of potential molecules more efficient, exhaustive, and cost‐effective. Here, a convolutional neural network is developed to predict the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO/LUMO) levels of donor molecules for OPV. The model takes a 2D structure image and returns a prediction of its HOMO/LUMO levels comparable to experimental values. Insufficient experimental datasets are overcome with transfer learning where the model is initially trained on the large Harvard Clean Energy Project dataset and then fine‐tuned using experimental data from the Harvard Organic Photovoltaic dataset. Error margins on predicted HOMO/LUMO levels below 200 meV are achieved, without any chemical knowledge implemented. Noticeably, the model outputs have higher accuracy and precision than corresponding density functional theory (DFT) estimations. The model and its limitations are further tested on a home‐built dataset of commercially available donor polymers reported in OPVs (e.g., P3HT, PTB7‐Th, PM6, D18). The results demonstrate both the practical utility of this model, to foster rational molecular engineering for OPV optimization, and the potential for deep learning techniques, in general, to revolutionize the energy materials research and development sector.
Discovery and Application of Postnatal Nucleus Pulposus Progenitors Essential for Intervertebral Disc Homeostasis and Degeneration
Authors: Gao Bo , Jiang Bo , Xing Wenhui , Xie Zaiqi , Luo Zhuojing , Zou Weiguo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) results from the dysfunction of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells and the exhaustion of NP progenitors (ProNPs). The cellular applications of NP cells during IDD are currently limited due to the lack of in vivo studies showing whether NP cells are heterogeneous and contain ProNPs throughout postnatal stages. In this study, single‐cell RNA sequencing of purified NP cells is used to map four molecularly defined populations and urotensin II receptor (UTS2R)‐expressing postnatal ProNPs is identified, which are markedly exhausted during IDD, in mouse and human specimens. The lineage tracing shows that UTS2R+ ProNPs preferentially resides in the NP periphery with its niche factor tenascin‐C and give rise to functional NP cells. It is also demonstrated that transplanting UTS2R+ ProNPs with tenascin‐C into injured intervertebral discs attenuate the progression of IDD. The study provides a novel NP cell atlas, identified resident ProNPs with regenerative potential, and revealed promising diagnostic and therapeutic targets for IDD.
Construction of Chiral Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters by Asymmetric Michael Addition of 4‐Amido‐5‐hydroxylpyrazoles to Ethylene Sulfonyl Fluoride
Authors: Chen Jie , Zhang Yue , Zhu Dong‐yu , Zhang Xue‐jing , Yan Ming 
Published: February 2022

AbstractConstruction of chiral quaternary carbon sterocenters especially spirocycles in complex organic molecules is one of the great synthetic challenges. Using a quinine‐derived squaramide catalyst, the enantioselective Michael addition of 4‐amido‐5‐hydroxypyrazoles to ethylene sulfonyl fluoride (ESF) was developed. This method provides a facile strategy to access a series of structurally diverse pyrazolone derivatives with excellent yields and enantioselectivities. The introduction of quaternary carbon stereocenters and sulfonyl fluoride group leads to the valuable candidates for the drug discovery. Furthermore, the products could be transferred to the spirocyclic derivatives under mild reaction conditions without any loss of the enantioselectivities.
Low Current‐Density Stable Zinc‐Metal Batteries Via Aqueous/Organic Hybrid Electrolyte
Authors: Chen Yue , Guo Shan , Qin Liping , Wan Qiangwei , Pan Yicai , Zhou Miao , Long Mengqiu , Fang Guozhao , Liang Shuquan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractZinc‐metal batteries (ZMBs) are promising for large‐scale energy storage devices due to their intrinsically safe, low‐cost and environmentally friendly nature. ZMBs with vanadium‐based cathodes have exhibited excellent performance, however, many side reactions due to the presence of innumerable water molecules in aqueous electrolyte hinder their commercialization. Herein, high‐proportioned polyethylene glycol was introduced as solvent to form an aqueous/organic hybrid electrolyte, which limits the activity of free water molecules and lowers the risk of side reactions, such as cathode dissolution, zinc dendrites and H2 evolution. As a result, a good reversible zinc plating/stripping over 3000 h for zinc anode and an excellent cycle stability with 96 % retention after 50 cycles at low current density of 0.1 A g−1 for vanadium‐based cathode were obtained, respectively. Importantly, to simulate the stability in actual application environment, a test mode at low current density under both continuous and intermittent electrochemical charge/discharge was conducted, which further demonstrated the superiority of this hybrid electrolyte. Finally, as a practical illustration, the pouch cells of 3 cm×3 cm exhibit a high capacity of 300 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 with a good retention of 81.7 % after 200 cycles, and even up to 500 cycles at 0.5 A g−1. This work is expected to provide new opportunities for high‐performance hybrid electrolyte for the practical ZMBs.
Electrical signalling in prokaryotes and its convergence with quorum sensing in Bacillus
Authors: Bavaharan Abhirame , Skilbeck Christopher 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe importance of electrical signalling in bacteria is an emerging paradigm. Bacillus subtilis biofilms exhibit electrical communication that regulates metabolic activity and biofilm growth. Starving cells initiate oscillatory extracellular potassium signals that help even the distribution of nutrients within the biofilm and thus help regulate biofilm development. Quorum sensing also regulates biofilm growth and crucially there is convergence between electrical and quorum sensing signalling axes. This makes B. subtilis an interesting model for cell signalling research. SpoOF is predicted to act as a logic gate for signalling pathway convergence, raising interesting questions about the functional nature of this gate and the relative importance of these disparate signals on biofilm behaviour. How is an oscillating signal integrated with a quorum signal? The model presented offers rich opportunities for future experimental and theoretical modelling research. The importance of direct cell‐to‐cell electrical signalling in prokaryotes, so characteristic of multicellular eukaryotes, is also discussed.
A novel highly specific colorimetric fluorescent probe for the detection of nitrite in aqueous solution
Authors: Xu Jing , Shi Yanfeng , Xu Gongwei , Zhao Qinrui , Hui Li , Zhang Shuo , Zhu Baocun , Xu Zhenghe , Bian Zhen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDeveloping an effective method for the detection of nitrite (NO2−) ions in the natural environment especially in environmental waters and soils is very necessary, since they will cause serious damage to human health once excess NO2− ions enters the human body. Therefore, a new colorimetric fluorescent probe NB‐NO2− for determining NO2− ions was designed, which possesses good water‐solubility and satisfactory selectivity over other common ions for NO2− ions. The addition of NO2− ions changed the color of solution from blue to colorless seen by the naked‐eye. Furthermore, through test and calculation, the detection limit of the probe NB‐NO2− is 129 nM. Based on the earlier excellent characteristics, the probe NB‐NO2− was successfully used for monitoring NO2− ions in environmental waters and soils.
Evidence‐based lifestyle medicine interventions to enhance the mental health of law enforcers in Hong Kong: A pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chu Louise Wing‐ping , Lau Rebecca Wing‐man , Mak Ingrid Wing‐Fun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLaw enforcers are stressed, but they may be reluctant to seek psychological support due to the stigmatization of mental illness in the law enforcement culture. Given the relatively stigma‐free lifestyle medicine intervention, a two‐arm pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted in the Hong Kong police force to examine the efficacy of integrated lifestyle medicine practices in enhancing the mental health of law enforcers. A total of 18 participants were randomly assigned to the intervention and waitlist control groups. The intervention group attended a 6‐week lifestyle medicine program consisting of five lifestyle factors. On analyzing the results of the Patient Health Questionnaire using a paired sample t‐test, a statistically significant intervention effect was found. This implies that participants had significantly better general psychological well‐being after the intervention in this pilot study. In conclusion, the present findings provide preliminary support to promote the relatively stigma‐free lifestyle medicine interventions in law enforcement. Nevertheless, further research effort with a larger sample size is warranted to provide empirical support for the efficacy of integrated lifestyle medicine programme.
Road‐testing child protection typologies: A case study in Lebanon
Authors: El‐Hoss Thomas , Brown Louise 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOver the past three decades a small number of influential writers have bravely attempted to develop theoretical models for understanding and comparing the complex development of child protection systems across different countries. The foremost frameworks have compared the dynamics of child protection arrangements in high‐income countries, with little attention being given to middle‐ and low‐income countries and, more specifically, the MENA region. This paper presents Lebanon's child protection model and highlights factors that have led to its unique development in the last 20 years. It contends that Lebanon's child protection system is pluralistic in nature, with responsibilities for the ultimate safety and wellbeing of children diffused among a variety of stakeholders. As a relatively new domain of practice for the state, the protection of children in Lebanon has become implicated in the ever‐present national debates regarding the correct balance of authority between state, religion and citizen. A parallel system of decision‐making exists with a state‐run system struggling to find its place alongside customary religious courts unlikely to relinquish their power over family affairs. Through an examination of Lebanon, the paper aims to further road test the most recent typology and address its applicability to one Middle East country.
Two Olean‐27‐carboxylic Acid‐Type Triterpenoids as Chemical Markers Isolated from Saxifraga umbellulata
Authors: Jiang Wei , Wu Ren , Ren Gang , Qiu Yongwei , Du Xiaolang , Mu Zejing , Tan Ting , Li Shanshan , Li Bo , Li Wanzhi , Hu Yaxin , Zhang Qi , Wei Rongrui , Zhong Guoyue 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTwo olean‐27‐carboxylic acid‐type triterpenoids (1 and 2) were isolated from Saxifraga umbellulata (Saxifragaceae), representing the first case in the chemical discoveries of genus Saxifraga. Compound 1 was determined to be a new compound named ‘Saxifragic acid’ based on the comprehensive spectroscopic and X‐ray crystallographic analyses. Compound 2 (deacetylated saxifragic acid) is a known compound reported before, but its absolute configuration through X‐ray crystallographic analyses was first described here. In addition, their cytotoxicity against five digestive human cancer cell lines (BGC‐823, GBC‐SD, CCC‐9810, HT‐29, and HepG2) and hepatoprotective activity against CCl4‐induced L‐o2 cell injury in vitro were evaluated. Interestingly, UPLC‐QTOFMS analysis showed that these two compounds could be used as chemical markers to discriminate between S. umbellulata and S. tangutica, both of which are used for the treatment of hepatobiliary diseases in traditional Tibetan medicine.
Acremocholone, an Anti‐Vibrio Steroid from the Marine Mesophotic Zone Ciocalypta Sponge‐Associated Fungus Acremonium sp. NBUF150
Authors: Feng Yun‐Ping , Wang Hong‐Kun , Wu Jia‐Ling , Shao Peng , Zhou Wen‐Li , Lai Qi‐Liang , Lin Hou‐Wen , Naman C. Benjamin , Wang Ting‐Ting , He Shan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs) represent an underexplored source of intriguing natural products. Efforts to discover bioactive metabolites from sponge‐associated fungi in MCEs identified a new steroid, acremocholone (1) and its three known analogs (2–4), from Acremonium sp. NBUF150. The Acremonium sp. NBUF150 was isolated from a Ciocalypta sponge located 70 m deep within the South China Sea. The planar structures and absolute configuration of 1–4 were determined from NMR‐derived spectroscopic data, HR‐ESI‐MS, and X‐ray crystallography. Compound 1 exhibited antimicrobial inhibition against Vibrio scophthalmi, V. shilonii and V. brasiliensis at minimum inhibitory concentrations of 8 μg/mL; compound 2 inhibited V. shilonii and V. brasiliensis at 8 and 32 μg/mL, respectively, and compound 4 inhibited growth of V. brasiliensis at 16 μg/mL. Sponge associated fungi from MCEs represent a promising resource of anti‐Vibrio drug leads for aquaculture use.
Challenges and outcomes of the double kissing crush stenting technique: Insights from the PROGRESS‐BIFURCATION registry
Authors: Simsek Bahadir , Kostantinis Spyridon , Karacsonyi Judit , Vemmou Evangelia , Nikolakopoulos Ilias , Assali Maen , Burke M. Nicholas , Garcia Santiago , Wang Yale , Chavez Ivan , Goessl Mario , Sorajja Paul , Mooney Michael , Poulose Anil , Traverse Jay , Rangan Bavana V. , Brilakis Emmanouil S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the double kissing (DK) crush stenting technique can provide excellent outcomes in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of bifurcation lesions, it can be challenging to perform.MethodsWe examined the clinical and angiographic characteristics, challenges encountered, and procedural outcomes of bifurcation PCI with DK crush in Prospective Global Registry of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Bifurcation Lesions (PROGRESS‐BIFURCATION, NCT05100992).ResultsDK crush was used in 48 of 435 bifurcation lesions (11%). Technical success was 100%, procedural success was 96%, and the incidence of in‐hospital major adverse cardiovascular events was 4%. Challenges while performing DK crush were encountered in 26 lesions (54%): (1) difficulty in side branch (SB) first rewiring (38%) that was overcome with the use of a new guidewire (30%) or a microcatheter (15%); (2) inability to deliver balloon to an SB for the first kiss (54%) that was overcome with the use of a smaller balloon (86%), rewiring (29%), microcatheter (14%), and increased support 7%; (3) difficulty in SB second rewiring (19%) that was overcome with the use of a new guidewire (80%) and/or microcatheter (60%). DK crush was more often performed in left main and proximal left anterior descending artery lesions (70% vs. 50%, p = 0.014). DK crush cases required more contrast (198 ± 84 ml vs. 163 ± 70 ml, p = 0.003), fluoroscopy time (35 ± 20 min vs. 25 ± 21 min, p = 0.004), and lasted longer (137 ± 69 min vs. 99 ± 66 min, p = 0.001) compared with non‐DK crush techniques.ConclusionsWhile challenges are common when performing DK crush bifurcation stenting, success rates are high and complication rates are low.