bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O artigo 485, VII, do Novo Código de Processo Civil e o reconhecimento de competência pelo árbitro como pressuposto processual negativo no processo judicial
Authors: Cremasco Suzana Santi 
Published: March 2022

RESUMO: O novo Código de Processo Civil – Lei nº 13.105/2015 –, embora tenha respeitado a sistemática da arbitragem trazida pela Lei nº 9.307/1996, contemplou alguns avanços importantes na interface entre a arbitragem e o processo judicial. Uma das maiores inovações, sem dúvida, é o reconhecimento da convenção de arbitragem pelo árbitro como causa de extinção do processo sem resolução de mérito (art. 485, VII, parte final), em claro prestígio ao princípio da competência-competência tão consolidado no universo arbitral. Ao fazê-lo, o legislador de 2015 cria uma nova modalidade de pressuposto processual negativo no processo judicial. Analisar esse novo pressuposto, os seus contornos e os seus limites na nova codificação brasileira é o objeto e o desafio deste trabalho. ABSTRACT: The new Civil Procedure Code – Law 13.105/2015 – respected the arbitration system brought by Law 9.307/1996 as well as contemplated some important advances in the interface between the arbitration and the judicial process. One of the greatest innovations, undoubtedly, is the recognition of the arbitration agreement by the arbitrator as a cause of dismissal without prejudice (article 485, VII, final part), in clear prestige to the competence-competence principle consolidated in the arbitral universe. In doing so, the 2015 legislator creates a new modality of negative procedural presupposition in the judicial process. To analyze this new presupposition, its contours, and its limits in the new Brazilian code is the object and the challenge of this paper.
Inapplicability of the Arbitration Agreement Due to the Impecuniosity of the Party
Authors: Fabbri Mauricio Pestilla 
Published: March 2022

RESUMO: Falta de fundos e arbitragem internacional são dois conceitos que não combinam bem, pois a arbitragem é um mecanismo privado de resolução de disputas que depende do financiamento das partes. A falta de fundos de uma ou de ambas as partes poder dar origem a alguns problemas, incluindo o risco de denegação de justiça e o risco de procedimentos paralelos e decisões conflitantes. Este trabalho sugere soluções para lidar com a alegação da falta de fundos por uma parte signatária de uma convenção de arbitragem. Essas soluções envolvem a criação de um mecanismo eficiente para resolver disputas sobre a validade da convenção de arbitragem, o que depende de emendas às leis de arbitragem e às regras das instituições arbitrais atualmente em vigor. Além disso, as instituições arbitrais e os tribunais arbitrais precisam ter mais liberdade para lidar com custos, financiamento de terceiros e garantias para cobrir os custos da arbitragem. ABSTRACT: Impecuniosity and international arbitration are two concepts that do not combine well, since arbitration is a private method of dispute resolution that depends on the sponsorship of the parties. The impecuniosity of one party or both parties can give rise to some problems, including the risk of denial of justice and the risk of parallel proceedings and irreconcilable decisions. This work suggests solutions to deal with the allegation of impecuniosity by one party that has previously executed an arbitration agreement. These solutions involve the creation of an efficient mechanism to solve disputes about the applicability of the arbitration agreement, which depends on amendments to national arbitration laws and to the arbitral institutional rules currently in force. Also, arbitral institutions and tribunals need to have more freedom to deal with costs, third party funding and security for costs. SUMÁRIO: 1 Introduction, definitions and assumptions; 2 The problem in its current context; 3 Interpreting the rules applicable to the arbitration agreement; 4 Deep analysis of each view through courts’ approaches; 5 A possible way to move forward; 6 Third-party funding; 7 Security for costs; 8 How to deal with parallel proceedings? 9 Conclusion.
Uma proposta de liderança proativa na gestão escolar em Canaã dos Carajás/PA
Authors: Santos Lira Cristinne Ferreira 
Published: March 2022

Cotidianamente, debates buscam novas alternativas para uma efetiva educação de qualidade, que garanta não só o acesso e a permanência para todos. A pesquisa em desenvolvimento visa ressaltar que para a implementação de políticas de melhorias na educação perpassa pela proatividade do gestor escolar como líder, que desenvolve saberes e competências para tomada de decisões no sistema de ensino, e entende quais relações de poder há nessas decisões, e quais as implicações das decisões tomadas. A construção do processo de gestão escolar democrática implica repensar a lógica da organização e participação nas relações e dinâmica escolar, tendo como fundamento a discussão dos mecanismos de participação, as finalidades da escola, bem como, a definição de metas e a tomada de decisão consciente e coletiva. Legalmente o papel do diretor escolar por si só perpassa por inúmeras situações do dia a dia escolar, reuniões de formação, alinhamento com superiores e colaboradores, planejamentos, acompanhamento de programas e questões legais, administração de recursos financeiros, organização do espaço físico, parceria com conselho escolar, observação de indicadores operacionais, de resultados entre outros.
Design and Development of Zirconia-Alumina Bioceramics Obtained at Low Temperature through Eco-Friendly Technology
Authors: Benavente Rut , Dolores Salvador Maria , Borrell Amparo 
Published: March 2022

Ceramics are increasingly used as structural materials with biomedical applications due to their mechanical properties, biocompatibility, esthetic characteristics and durability. Specifically, zirconia-based compounds are commonly used to develop metal-free restorations and dental implants. The consolidation of ceramics is usually carried out through powders by means of processes that require a lot of energy, as long as processing times and high temperatures (over 1400°C) are required. In the recent years, new research is being developed in this field to reduce both energy consumption and processing time of ceramic powders. One of the most promising techniques for sintering ceramics is microwave heating technology. The main objective of this chapter is to obtain highly densified zirconia-alumina compounds by microwave technology. After sintering, the materials are characterized to determine whether the final properties meet the mechanical requirements for their final applications as dental material. Finally, the characterization of specimens treated by low-temperature degradation (LTD) is carried out after each 20 h of LTD exposure up to 200 h. In addition, the quantification of monoclinic phase by micro-Raman spectroscopy, analysis by AFM and Nomarski optical microscopy and assessment of the roughness and mechanical properties (hardness and Young’s modulus) by nanoindentation technique have been studied.
Understanding Suboptimal Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Zhu Mojun , Zhang Henan , Pedersen Katrina S. , Foster Nathan R. , Jaszewski Brandy L. , Liu Xin , Hirdler Jacob B. , An Zesheng , Bekaii‐Saab Tanios S. , Halfdanarson Thorvardur R. , Boland Patrick M. , Yan Yiyi , Hubbard Joleen H. , Ma Wen Wee , Yoon Harry H. , Revzin Alexander , Fernandez‐Zapico Martin E. , Overman Michael J. , McWilliams Robert R. , Dong Haidong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), as a novel class of anticancer therapy, can be more efficacious and less toxic than chemotherapy, but their clinical success is confined to certain tumor types. Elucidating their targets, mechanisms and scope of action, and potential synergism with chemotherapy and/or targeted therapies are critical to widen their clinical indications. Treatment response to an ICI targeting programmed death‐1 (anti‐PD‐1) is sought to be understood here by conducting a preplanned correlative analysis of a phase II clinical trial in patients with small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA). The cytolytic capacity of circulating immune cells in cancer patients using a novel ex vivo cytotoxicity assay is evaluated, and the utility of circulating biomarkers is investigated to predict and monitor the treatment effect of anti‐PD‐1. Baseline expression of Bim and NKG7 and upregulation of CX3CR1 in circulating T cells are associated with the clinical benefit of anti‐PD‐1 in patients with SBA. Overall, these findings suggest that the frequency and cytolytic capacity of circulating, effector immune cells may differentiate clinical response to ICIs, providing a strong rationale to support immune monitoring using patient peripheral blood.
Micro/Nanorobots as Active Delivery Systems for Biomedicine: From Self‐Propulsion to Controllable Navigation
Authors: Sun Zhaoli , Hou Yanglong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn recent years, micro/nanorobots have attracted intensive interests in biomedicine, which is a multidisciplinary research field involved with robotics, medicine, and nanotechnology. Different from conventional nanomaterials utilized for human being healthcare, micro/nanorobots can effectively convert diverse energy sources into movement and force, covering a broad spectrum of applications in precise drug delivery, controllable drug release, potent tissue penetration, enhanced drug retention, precise operation of minimally invasive surgery, medical sensing, and detoxification. In this review, the self‐propelled mechanisms and controllable navigation of micro/nanorobots are first summarized, then the recent progress on micro/nanorobots as active delivery systems for biomedicine are presented. Finally, the perspective and challenge are also discussed. It is expected that this review gives an insight into the active delivery systems based on micro/nanorobots for disease therapy and diagnosis, detection, and biodetoxification, aiming for more extensive research in biomedicine and the clinical transformation in the near future.
BN‐Anthracene for High‐Mobility Organic Optoelectronic Materials through Periphery Engineering
Authors: Li Wanhui , Du Cheng‐Zhuo , Chen Xing‐Yu , Fu Lin , Gao Rong‐Rong , Yao Ze‐Fan , Wang Jie‐Yu , Hu Wenping , Pei Jian , Wang Xiao‐Ye 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDespite the remarkable synthetic accomplishments in creating diverse polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with B−N bonds (BN‐PAHs), their optoelectronic applications have been less exploited. Herein, we report the achievement of high‐mobility organic semiconductors based on existing BN‐PAHs through a “periphery engineering” strategy. Tetraphenyl‐ and diphenyl‐substituted BN‐anthracenes (TPBNA and DPBNA, respectively) are designed and synthesized. DPBNA exhibits the highest hole mobility of 1.3 cm2 V−1 s−1in organic field‐effect transistors, significantly outperforming TPBNA and all the reported BN‐PAHs. Remarkably, this is the first BN‐PAH with mobility over 1 cm2 V−1 s−1, which is a benchmark value for practical applications as compared with amorphous silicon. Furthermore, high‐performance phototransistors based on DPBNA are also demonstrated, implying the high potential of BN‐PAHs for optoelectronic applications when the “periphery engineering” strategy is implemented.
Kupfer‐katalysierte Monooxygenierung von Phenolen: Evidenz für einen mononuklearen Reaktionsmechanismus
Authors: Schneider Rebecca , Engesser Tobias A. , Näther Christian , Krossing Ingo , Tuczek Felix 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDie CuI‐Salze [Cu(CH3CN)4]PF und [Cu(oDFB)2]PF mit dem sehr schwach koordinierenden Anion Al(OC(CF3)3)4− (PF), sowie [Cu(NEt3)2]PF mit dem einzigartigen, linearen Bis‐Triethylamin‐Komplex [Cu(NEt3)2]+ wurden synthetisiert und als Katalysatoren für die Umwandlung von Monophenolen zu o‐Chinonen untersucht. Die Aktivitäten dieser CuI‐Salze bei der Monooxygenierung von 2,4‐Di‐tert‐butylphenol (DTBP‐H) wurden mit denen der [Cu(CH3CN)4]X‐Salze mit “klassischen” Anionen (BF4−, OTf−, PF6−) verglichen, wobei ein Anioneneffekt auf die Aktivität des Katalysators und ein Ligandeneffekt auf die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit festgestellt wurden. Letztere wird durch den Einsatz von CuII‐Semichinon‐Komplexen als Katalysatoren drastisch erhöht, was darauf hinweist, dass die Bildung eines CuII‐Komplexes dem eigentlichen katalytischen Zyklus vorausgeht. Diese und andere experimentelle Erkenntnisse zeigen, dass die Oxygenierung von Monophenolen mit den oben genannten Systemen nicht einem dinuklearen, sondern einem mononuklearen Weg folgt, analog zur Topachinon‐Cofaktor‐Biosynthese im Enzym Aminoxidase.
Surface‐Plasmon‐Enhanced Transmetalation between Copper and Palladium Nanoparticle Catalyst
Authors: Liu Xin , Shi Yujian , Jin Yichao , Tana Tana , Peiris Erandi , Zhang Xueming , Xu Feng , Waclawik Eric R. , Bottle Steven E. , Zhu Huaiyong , Sarina Sarina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSurface‐plasmon‐mediated phenylacetylide intermediate transfer from the Cu to the Pd surface affords a novel mechanism for transmetalation, enabling wavelength‐tunable cross‐coupling and homo‐coupling reaction pathway control. C−C bond forming Sonogashira coupling and Glaser coupling reactions in O2 atmosphere are efficiently driven by visible light over heterogeneous Cu and Pd nanoparticles as a mixed catalyst without base or other additives. The reaction pathway can be controlled by switching the excitation wavelength. Shorter wavelengths (400–500 nm) give the Glaser homo‐coupling diyne, whereas longer wavelength irradiation (500–940 nm) significantly increases the degree of cross‐coupling Sonogashira coupling products. The ratio of the activated intermediates of alkyne to the iodobenzene is wavelength dependent and this regulates transmetalation. This wavelength‐tunable reaction pathway is a novel way to optimize the product selectivity in important organic syntheses.
Visible‐Light‐Induced, Single‐Metal‐Catalyzed, Directed C−H Functionalization: Metal‐Substrate‐Bound Complexes as Light‐Harvesting Agents
Authors: Pei Chao , Empel Claire , Koenigs Rene M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractC−H functionalization represents one of the most rapidly advancing areas in organic synthesis and is regarded as one of the key concepts to minimize the ecological and economic footprint of organic synthesis. The ubiquity and low reactivity of C−H bonds in organic molecules, however, poses several challenges, and often necessitates harsh reaction conditions to achieve this goal, although it is highly desirable to achieve C−H functionalization reactions under mild conditions. Recently, several reports uncovered a conceptually new approach towards C−H functionalization, where a single transition‐metal complex can be used as both the photosensitizer and catalyst to promote C−H bond functionalization in the absence of an exogeneous photosensitizer. In this Minireview, we will provide an overview on recent achievements in C−H functionalization reactions, with an emphasis on the photochemical modulation of the reaction mechanism using such catalysts.
Hidden Heptacyclic Chiral N‐Acyl Iminium Ions: A New Entry to Enantioenriched Polycyclic Azepanes and Azocanes by Superacid‐Promoted Intramolecular Pictet‐Spengler Reaction
Authors: Reviriot Yasmin , Michelet Bastien , Beaud Rodolphe , Martin‐Mingot Agnès , Guégan Frédéric , Thibaudeau Sébastien , Rodriguez Jean , Bonne Damien 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEnantioenriched complex fused‐tricyclic azepanes or bridged‐polycyclic azocanes were constructed via a two‐step sequence involving an enantioselective organocascade followed by superacid activation of the domino adduct. The activated oxa‐bridged azepane acts as a key hidden heptacyclic chiral N‐acyl iminium ion triggering a chemo‐ and diastereoselective intramolecular mono‐ or di‐arylation.
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in a songbird brain
Authors: Asogwa Norman Chinweike , Toji Noriyuki , He Ziwei , Shao Chengru , Shibata Yukino , Tatsumoto Shoji , Ishikawa Hiroe , Go Yasuhiro , Wada Kazuhiro 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are ligand‐gated ion channels that mediate fast synaptic transmission and cell signaling, which contribute to learning, memory, and the execution of motor skills. Birdsong is a complex learned motor skill in songbirds. Although the existence of 15 nAChR subunits has been predicted in the avian genome, their expression patterns and potential contributions to song learning and production have not been comprehensively investigated. Here, we cloned all the 15 nAChR subunits (ChrnA1–10, B2–4, D, and G) from the zebra finch brain and investigated the mRNA expression patterns in the neural pathways responsible for the learning and production of birdsong during a critical period of song learning. Although there were no detectable hybridization signals for ChrnA1, A6, A9, and A10, the other 11 nAChR subunits were uniquely expressed in one or more major subdivisions in the song nuclei of the songbird brain. Of these 11 subunits, ChrnA3–5, A7, and B2 were differentially regulated in the song nuclei compared with the surrounding anatomically related regions. ChrnA5 was upregulated during the critical period of song learning in the lateral magnocellular nucleus of the anterior nidopallium. Furthermore, single‐cell RNA sequencing revealed ChrnA7 and B2 to be the major subunits expressed in neurons of the vocal motor nuclei HVC and robust nucleus of the arcopallium, indicating the potential existence of ChrnA7‐homomeric and ChrnB2‐heteromeric nAChRs in limited cell populations. These results suggest that relatively limited types of nAChR subunits provide functional contributions to song learning and production in songbirds.
Influence of the mechanical and geometrical parameters on the cellular uptake of nanoparticles: A stochastic approach
Authors: Iaquinta Sarah , Khazaie Shahram , Ishow Éléna , Blanquart Christophe , Fréour Sylvain , Jacquemin Frédéric 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNanoparticles (NPs) are used for drug delivery with enhanced selectivity and reduced side‐effect toxicity in cancer treatments. Based on the literature, the influence of the NPs mechanical and geometrical properties on their cellular uptake has been studied through experimental investigations. However, due to the difficulty to vary the parameters independently in such a complex system, it remains hard to efficiently conclude on the influence of each one of them on the cellular internalization of a NP. In this context, different mechanical / mathematical models for the cellular uptake of NPs have been developed. In this paper, we numerically investigate the influence of the NP's aspect ratio, the membrane tension and the cell‐NP adhesion on the uptake of the NP using the model introduced in1 coupled with a numerical stochastic scheme to measure the weight of each one of the aforementioned parameters. The results reveal that the aspect ratio of the particle is the most influential parameter on the wrapping of the particle by the cell membrane. Then the adhesion contributes twice as much as the membrane tension. Our numerical results match the previous experimental observations.
An efficient front‐to‐back depth‐buffer algorithm for real‐time rendering of partially occluded game objects in absence of GPU
Authors: Shivani Shivendra 
Published: March 2022

SummaryReal‐time rendering of visual scenes is a key requirement in many emerging fields like augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR), computer graphics, and so forth. Latency in rendering the scenes due to massive shading calculations and complete rasterization of view windows is undesirable in real‐time AR/VR scenarios. Real‐time determination of occluded and visible objects is one of the significant problems the rendering process faces. The classical Z‐buffer algorithm used for this purpose requires a lot of memory to store depth values, hence maintaining a buffer. Due to scan‐line tendency, its time complexity is also too high. This article presents a new perspective on a fundamental Z‐buffer algorithm. The proposed approach is not entirely a scan‐line method. It is based on divide and conquer strategy, and it also works on the concept of the front‐to‐back concept, where rays are emitted from a viewpoint toward the objects. Based on the proposed algorithm, partially occluded game objects can also be efficiently determined. Only partial shading calculations will be done using the proposed rendering factor calculation to render those objects. It will also speed up the real‐time processing without using any GPU. This way, the proposed approach reduces the time and space complexity of the rendering process.
Timing of adoption is associated with electrophysiological brain activity and externalizing problems among children adopted internationally
Authors: Bick Johanna , Lipschutz Rebecca , Tabachnick Alexandra , Biekman Brian , Katz Danielle , Simons Robert , Dozier Mary 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study investigated middle childhood resting electroencephalography (EEG) and behavioral adjustment in 35 internationally adopted children removed from early caregiving adversity between 6 and 29 months of age. Older age of adoption was associated with more immature or atypical profiles of middle childhood cortical function, based on higher relative theta power (4–6 Hz), lower relative alpha power (7–12 Hz), lower peak alpha frequency, and lower absolute beta (13–20 Hz) and gamma (21–50 Hz) power. More immature or atypical EEG spectral power indirectly linked older age of adoption with increased risk for externalizing problems in middle childhood. The findings add to existing evidence linking duration of early adverse exposures with lasting effects on brain function and behavioral regulation even years after living in a stable adoptive family setting. Findings underscore the need to minimize and prevent children's exposures to early caregiving adversity, especially in the first years of life. They call for innovative interventions to support neurotypical development in internationally adopted children at elevated risk.