bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agaricus subrufescens fermented rye affects the development of intestinal microbiota, local intestinal and innate immunity in suckling-to-nursery pigs
Authors: Wen Caifang , Geervliet Mirelle , de Vries Hugo , Fabà Lluís , den Petra J.Roubos-van , Skovgaard Kerstin , Savelkoul Huub F. J. , Schols Henk , Wells Jerry M. , Tijhaar Edwin , Smidt Hauke 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundAgaricus subrufescens is considered as one of the most important culinary-medicinal mushrooms around the world. It has been widely suggested to be used for the development of functional food ingredients to promote human health ascribed to the various properties (e.g., anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activities). In this context, the interest in Agaricus subrufescens based feed ingredients as alternatives for antibiotics has also been fuelled during an era of reduced/banned antibiotics use. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a fermented feed additive -rye overgrown with mycelium (ROM) of Agaricus subrufescens - on pig intestinal microbiota, mucosal gene expression and local and systemic immunity during early life. Piglets received ROM or a tap water placebo (Ctrl) perorally every other day from day 2 after birth until 2 weeks post-weaning. Eight animals per treatment were euthanized and dissected on days 27, 44 and 70.ResultsThe results showed ROM piglets had a lower inter-individual variation of faecal microbiota composition before weaning and a lower relative abundance of proteobacterial genera in jejunum (Undibacterium and Solobacterium) and caecum (Intestinibacter and Succinivibrionaceae_UCG_001) on day 70, as compared to Ctrl piglets. ROM supplementation also influenced gut mucosal gene expression in both ileum and caecum on day 44. In ileum, ROM pigs showed increased expression of TJP1/ZO1 but decreased expression of CLDN3, CLDN5 and MUC2 than Ctrl pigs. Genes involved in TLR signalling (e.g., TICAM2, IRAK4 and LY96) were more expressed but MYD88 and TOLLIP were less expressed in ROM pigs than Ctrl animals. NOS2 and HIF1A involved in redox signalling were either decreased or increased in ROM pigs, respectively. In caecum, differentially expressed genes between two groups were mainly shown as increased expression (e.g., MUC2, PDGFRB, TOLLIP, TNFAIP3 and MYD88) in ROM pigs. Moreover, ROM animals showed higher NK cell activation in blood and enhanced IL-10 production in ex vivo stimulated MLN cells before weaning.ConclusionsCollectively, these results suggest that ROM supplementation in early life modulates gut microbiota and (local) immune system development. Consequently, ROM supplementation may contribute to improving health of pigs during the weaning transition period and reducing antibiotics use.*Caifang Wen and Mirelle Geervliet contributed equally to this work.
Incidence rate and clinical characteristics of acute endophthalmitis following 23- gauge pars plana vitrectomy using recycled single-use equipment
Authors: Hosseini Seyedehmaryam , Daraee Ghazale , Shoeibi Naser , Bakhtiari Elham , Ansariastaneh Mohammadreza , Abrishami Mojtaba , Shariati Mehrdad Motamed 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose: In this study, we evaluated the incidence and clinical characteristics of post- vitrectomy acute endophthalmitis, while as a developing country for economic reasons we have to use recycled single-use vitrectomy tools. Methods: Data were obtained by reviewing the patient’s medical records who underwent primary pars plana vitrectomy (PPvitx) from September 2011 to March 2017 retrospectively. We excluded patients who had any ocular surgery in the past 6 months, immunocompromised patients, and patients with a pre-operative diagnosis of endophthalmitis. The main outcome was defined as the incidence of acute post-pars plana vitrectomy endophthalmitis.Results: Out of 6474 cases who underwent PPvitx, 12 cases of endophthalmitis (incidence rate of 0.18%) were identified. We found two positive cultures for staphylococcus epidermidis and one positive culture for staphylococcus aureus. Based on the medical records of the patients, nine patients (75%) had diabetes and 1 (8.3%) had hypertension.Conclusion: Reuse of surgical instruments (despite standard sterilization protocols) could be a risk factor for higher rates of endophthalmitis after PPvitx in this study.
TCF-1 regulates NKG2D expression on CD8 T cells during anti-tumor responses
Authors: Harris Rebecca , Mammadli Mahinbanu , Hiner Shannon , Suo Liye , Yang Qi , Sen Jyoti Misra , Karimi Mobin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy relies on improving T cell effector functions against malignancies, but despite the identification of several key transcription factors (TFs), the biological functions of these TFs are not entirely understood. We developed and utilized a novel, clinically relevant murine model to dissect the functional properties of crucial T cell transcription factors during antitumor responses. Our data showed that TCF-1 suppresses surface NKG2D expression on naïve and activated CD8 T cells via key transcriptional factors Eomes and T-bet.Using both in vitro and in vivo models, we uncovered how TCF-1 regulatescritical molecules responsible for peripheral CD8 T cell effector functions. Finally, our unique genetic and molecular approaches proved that TCF-1 also differentially regulates essential kinases. These kinases, including LCK, LAT, ITK, PLC-g1, P65, ERKI/II, and JAK/STATs, are required for peripheral CD8 T cell persistent function during alloimmunity. Overall, our molecular and bioinformatics data demonstrate the mechanism by which TCF-1 modulatedseveral critical aspects of T cell function during CD8 T cell response to cancer.
Evaluation of publication bias for 12 clinical trials of molnupiravir to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection in 13,694 patients
Authors: Lawrence Jack , Mirchandani Manya , Hill Andrew 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Merck Sharp and Dohme (MSD) acquired the global licensing rights for molnupiravir. MSD allowed Indian manufacturers to produce the drug under voluntary license. Indian companies conducted local clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of molnupiravir.
Methods
Searches of the Clinical Trials Registry-India (CTRI) were conducted to find registered trials of molnupiravir in India. Subsequent investigations were performed to assess which clinical trials had been presented or published.
Results
According to the CTRI, 12 randomised trials of molnupiravir were conducted in India, in 13,694 patients, starting in late May 2021. By July 2022, none of the 12 trials has been published, one was presented at a medical conference, and two were announced in press releases suggesting failure of treatment. Results from three trials were shared with the World Health Organisation. One of these three trials had many unexplained results, with effects of treatment significantly different from the MSD MOVE-OUT trial in a similar population.
Discussion
The lack of results runs counter to established practices and leaves a situation where approximately 90% of the global data on molnupiravir has not been published in any form. Access to patient-level databases is required to investigate risks of bias or medical fraud.
Optimism Persists when Walking in Unpredictable Environments
Authors: Bucklin Mary , Deol Jasjit , Brown Geoffrey , Perreault Eric , Gordon Keith 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Humans continuously modulate their control strategies during walking based on their ability to anticipate disturbances. However, how people adapt and use motor plans to create stable walking in unpredictable environments is not well understood. Our purpose was to investigate how people adapt motor plans when walking in a novel and unpredictable environment. We evaluated the whole-body center of mass (COM) trajectory of participants as they performed repetitions of a discrete goal-directed walking task during which a laterally-directed force field was applied to the COM. The force field was proportional in magnitude to forward walking velocity and randomly directed towards either the right or left each trial. We hypothesized that people would adapt a control strategy to reduce the COM lateral deviations created by the unpredictable force field. In support of our hypothesis, we found that with practice the magnitude of COM lateral deviation was reduced by 28% (left) and 44% (right). Participants adapted two distinct unilateral strategies that collectively created a bilateral resistance to the unpredictable force field. These strategies included an anticipatory postural adjustment to resist against forces applied to the left, and a more lateral first step to resist against forces applied to the right. In addition, during catch trials when the force field was unexpectedly removed, participants exhibited trajectories similar to baseline trials. These findings were consistent with an impedance control strategy that provides a robust resistance to unpredictable perturbations. However, we also found evidence that participants made predictive adaptations in response to their immediate experience that persisted for three trials. Due to the unpredictable nature of the force field, this predictive strategy would sometimes result in greater lateral deviations when the prediction was incorrect. The presence of these competing control strategies may have long term benefits by allowing the nervous system to identify the best overall control strategy to use in a novel environment.
Heat loads analysis and creation of a uniform model for commercial refrigeration equipment calculation
Authors: Konstantinov Ivan , Khmelniuk Mykhailo , Ostapenko Oleksii , Talibli Ruslan , Yakovleva Olga 
Published: August 2022

The global commercial refrigeration equipment market size was valued at USD 33.53 billion in 2020. It is expected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.2 % from 2021 to 2028. Furthermore, factors such as regulatory pressures, shift to lower Global Warming Potential (GWP) refrigerants, technological breakthroughs, and the ability to cater to the ever-changing consumer behaviors are also anticipated to create promising growth opportunities for the market. Environmental issues related to high GWP refrigerants, including global warming and ozone depletion, are compelling commercial refrigeration equipment manufacturers to seek alternatives. The rising demand for advancements in technologies that can help reduce hazardous gas emissions has led to the market participants increasingly equipping their products with modern and magnetic refrigeration systems. Apart from this, these systems improve the energy efficiency of refrigeration equipment, bringing down the cost of operation.
The analysis of the structure and heat loads of the commercial freezer with monitoring of temperature distribution on the body of heat-insulating fences and in the internal volume during operation of the system is carried out. The heat loads on the body depending on the structure of the freezer are substantiated on the example of the M400S commercial freezer model. The obtained results allow to significantly reduce the time of selection and calculation of the dimensions of a given model range of equipment for product storage, by developing a standard calculation taking into account the climatic class in which the equipment will be used, and taking into account experimental data obtained during the experiment
Heat transfer analysis cabinet-type ERK solar dryer machine for drying agricultural products
Authors: Ruhiat Yayat , Guntara Yudi 
Published: August 2022

The Cabinet-type ERK solar dryer is manufactured by a temperature distribution process so that the temperature inside the appliance is well distributed. The cabinet-type ERK solar dryer comprises several components to maintain the water content, including a drying oven, air blower, heat-resistant pipe, hot water pump, thermostat, heat exchanger, and heater. These tools are used to convert heat radiation into conduction or convection so that the dried agricultural products' water content is relatively low. The data needed to show the quality of the tool include temperature on temperature received by the wall (Tw), absorbent plate (Tp) and room temperature (Tr). And as for other supporting data including the environmental air/ ambient temperature (Ta) and solar irradiation (I) for optimal tool usage time.
The experiment results for 5.5 hours, as many as 23 measurements with time interval 15 minutes, obtained a relatively unchanged temperature distribution. During that time, the average temperature received by the wall (Tw) was 41.26 °C, while the middle plate temperature (Tp) was 40.65 °C and room temperature (Tr) was 40.71 °C. Thus, the temperature in the Cabinet-type ERK solar dryer is well distributed. The distribution percentage between wall temperature and plate temperature is 98.52 %, while wall temperature and room temperature are 98.67 %. The result indicates that the Cabinet-type ERK solar dryer is potential as a drying device for agricultural commodities. It is hoped that the Cabinet-type ERK solar dryer will be an alternative to a drying system that can improve the quality of agricultural commodities for farmers in Indonesia
Development of free water knock-out tank by using internal heat exchanger for heavy crude oil
Authors: Ismail Ismail , Mulyanto Ambar Tri , Rahman Reza Abdu 
Published: August 2022

Reactivation of an old oil well can be explicitly calculated to maximize crude oil production. The biggest challenge with the activation process is the crude oil content in old wells, which is not feasible to meet the specified minimum standards. In the case of the Bunian oil field, Indonesia, the crude oil produced has high water content. It causes a decrease in the quality of production and also hinders production capacity. The production scheme applied to the Bunian field has a storage tank that functions to reduce water content using the gravity method, but this is less effective. Let’s modify the storage tank into a heat exchanger tank through the engineering design process and labeled it as a free water knockout tank (FWKO). The FWKO is made of a multi-pass tube heat exchanger. The experiments are conducted through three phases’ tests before deciding the final design. From the test, the change in water content is varied with temperature differences of the working fluid and crude oil. The lowest water content is obtained at 0.5 % at final tests. After analyzing the characteristic of each test result, the final design is taken by adjusting the suitable working fluid temperature and pressure. Finally, by using suitable parameters, the average water content of crude oil is decreased up to the minimum requirement (<0.1 %). The design of FWKO is considered simple with an excellent performance and can adapted easily. The FWKO able to process crude oil with water content <20 %, where it suitable for waxy oil well. The working fluid can be processed both in liquid and gas state. Furthermore, the heating source for the working fluid is gained from the gas flare by using thermic heater. Thus, it does not require an extra heating source for the heat exchanger
Theoretical approach for Fe(II/III) and its chlorophyll-related complexes as sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Faiz Mohamad Rodhi , Widhiyanuriyawan Denny , Siswanto Eko , Razak Fazira Ilyana Abdul , Wardana I Nyoman Gede 
Published: August 2022

Dye is the key to the efficiency of harvesting solar energy in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The dye performances such as light absorption, electron injection, and electron regeneration depend on the dye molecule structure. To predict it, one needs to compute the optimized molecule geometry, HOMO level, LUMO level, electron density distribution, energy gaps, and dipole moment in the ground and excited state. Chlorophyll-related chlorin and porphyrin, as well as their κ2O,O’ complexes with Fe(II/III), were investigated with density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) computations using the B3LYP method and def2-TZVP basis set. NPA charges also were calculated to know the valence of the metal cations exactly. In general, the calculations show that the metal cations introduced occupied d orbitals with lower oxidation potentials than the chlorophyll ligand orbitals, which are responsible for the emergence of additional absorption bands. The states result in effective band broadening and the redshift of spectrum absorbance that is expected to improve DSSC performance.
Another requirement that has to be possessed is the ability of electron regeneration, electron injection, and dipole moment. The Fe(II) complex has fulfilled these requirements, but not the Fe(III) complex due to having a low electron injection capability. However, this work has shown that Fe(III) complex exhibits a non-innocence ligand. It results in trivalent to divalent state change, in the appearance of a ligand radical cation, an extra hole, and a broader absorption spectrum. It also can affect its other electronic properties, such as electron injection capability. Thus, it can be considered an attractive candidate for the sensitizer in DSSCs
Flood inundation mapping under climate change scenarios in the Boyo watershed of Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Edamo Muluneh Legesse , Ukumo Tigistu Yisihak , Lohani Tarun Kumar , Mirani Kinfe Bereda , Ayele Mesfin Amaru 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This research aims to map flood inundated areas under changing climate in the Boyo watershed of Southern Ethiopia. A semi-distributed physically based Hydrologic Engineering Center-Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) and Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) were used to simulate the flood events and maps, respectively, for climate scenarios. The bias-corrected data of four climate models were used for the baseline (1976–2005), mid-term (2041–2070) and long-term (2071–2100) cycles under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. The 50- and 100-year return period flood events were generated from the baseline and future period streamflow data. The HEC-RAS model was used to simulate the inundation areas and depths from the flood events. The result exhibited that the average annual rainfall and maximum and minimum temperatures of the catchment will increase in the future with an increase in annual runoff. The severity of annual floods would increase in the future under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. Approximately, 193 ha of the study may be flooded with flood events having a return period of 100 years under the RCP8.5 scenario in the long-term period, which is an extreme case. The result is a benchmark to reduce the flood risk and management of floodplains in this watershed.
Quantifying the significance of basin parameters and hydro-climatic factors to water and sediment yields across spatio-temporal scales in mountainous river Basin, Sikkim
Authors: Lepcha Pema Tshering , Pandey Pankaj Kumar , Pandey Vanita 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The precise identification of basin characteristics and climate factors that plays a significant role in determining water and sediment yield is of paramount importance. However, due to the enormous complexity associated with the hydrologic cycle, it is usually challenging to extricate the influence of individual parameters on the combined water and sediment yield responses. To accomplish this, a combined hydrological modelling and statistical approach was adopted in this study. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was adopted to simulate different components of the watershed and the results were utilized in Boosted Regression Trees (BRTs) to analyze the contribution of different parameters to water and sediment yield at spatio-temporal and seasonal scales in the upstream Teesta River basin. The outcomes of the analysis showed that precipitation and baseflow play a crucial role in regulating the water yield at all spatio-temporal scales. On the other hand, precipitation alone has a key role in determining the sediment yield, especially at the daily (49.30%) and monthly (21.14%) temporal scales. The relative contribution of the remaining parameters at a yearly temporal scale, and small and intermediate spatial scales showed relatively close results with an exception at the large basin scale (precipitation alone by 35.88%). The average contribution of actual evapotranspiration was found to be less on both water and sediment yield prediction in all spatio-temporal scales considered. The analysis also revealed that the precipitation, baseflow, and minimum temperature play a key role in regulating the water and sediment yield in both monsoon and non-monsoon seasons, whereas the contribution of maximum temperature and snowmelt was found less during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons. The outcomes of this study may assist policymakers and water managers in rational water management goals as well as in coping with soil degradation issues.
Remote sensing-based techniques for water management in small-scale farms in arid climate
Authors: Elsayed Hamdy , Ibrahim Huda , Farag Hanan , Sobeih Mohamed F. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Accurate estimation of actual evapotranspiration () is a critical component in improving agricultural water management and water use efficiency. Remote sensing (RS) techniques provide a promising inexpensive tool for reliable crop water consumption estimations compared to conventional field measurements. Having agricultural land fragmentation and mixed cropping systems in the Nile River Delta, traditional methods of estimating are seemingly challenging. The present study aims to improve agricultural water management at the meso scale using RS-based techniques. Four RS-based methods were employed to estimate in mixed cropping farms at the Nile River Delta. The adopted methods include: (i) the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL), (ii) the Simplified Surface Energy Balance algorithm (SSEB), (iii) Earth Engine Evapotranspiration Flux (EEFLUX) product, and (iv) the crop coefficient () method. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) test showed a significant difference between the employed RS-based techniques. During the winter season 2018–2019, the estimated varied from 331.33 mm/season to 389.34 mm/season, with an average of 358.76 mm/season. The irrigation efficiency was estimated to be about 55–63%, with an average of 59.55%. The study developed an algorithm to schedule the operation hours of irrigation pumps in the study area based on actual water requirements and pump capacity. The study highlights the relevance of RS methods and the importance of the equitable distribution of water in small farms to enhance water management.
Is building up substrate during anaerobic feeding necessary for granulation?
Authors: Tsertou Eirini , Caluwé Michel , Goossens Koen , Dobbeleers Thomas , Dockx Lennert , Poelmans Sven , Suazo Karina Seguel , Dries Jan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
For a successful granulation process in activated sludge systems, the stimulation of slow growing organisms such as glycogen accumulating microorganisms (GAOs) is a key factor. Here we show that the introduction of an anaerobic feast followed by an aerobic famine phase successfully transforms bulking sludge, caused by the abundance of genus Kouleothrix, to a hybrid floccular-granular sludge. Two sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were operated for 228 days treating the same industrial wastewater derived from the cleaning of trucks transporting liquid food (the cargo consists of approximately 70% chocolate and 30% beer). By respectively applying a fast and slow feeding in two parallel SBRs, different degrees of substrate build-up were achieved in the two reactors during the feast phase. The F/M ratio over the feeding time was 1.41 ± 0.48 and 0.57 ± 0.16 kg COD·(kg VSS*d)−1 for the fast-fed and the slow-fed SBR respectively. Our results demonstrate that substrate build-up during the anaerobic selection step is not necessary to obtain well-settling granular-like sludge.