bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beef–cattle ranching in the Paraguayan Chaco: typological approach to a livestock frontier
Authors: Milán M. J. , González E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe Paraguayan Chaco has experienced, in the last few decades, some of the highest rates of deforestation in the world. In parallel, this region has registered an increase in the number of cattle heads of 60% in the last decade. Taking into account the high environmental and socioeconomic impact of this expansion, the aim of this work was to reveal how Beef–cattle ranching is carried out and to establish a typology that allows us to identify the different land-use patterns followed by the ranches. Data were collected using face-to-face structured interviews of 80 ranch owners. In the region ranches co-exist that practise the cow–calf system, the whole-cycle system and the fattening system. In all cases, ranches are very large, pasture based, highly specialised in Beef–cattle and export-oriented. Three groups of ranches were identified, being the main differentiating drivers: (i) the availability of the different production factors, (ii) the distribution of total area, and (iii) the degree of intensification in the use of capital, labour and/or technology per unit of agricultural area. In addition, it is noted that the years of activity of the ranches are related to these drivers. The typology of ranches contributes to a better understanding of one of the most active livestock frontiers in the world and shows that the expansion process taking place in the Paraguayan Chaco is associated with an intensification of Beef–cattle systems. These results provide a useful approach to develop policies that regulate the expansion of the cattle frontier in the Paraguayan Chaco.
Classification of partially hyperbolic surface endomorphisms
Authors: Hall Layne , Hammerlindl Andy 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe show that in the absence of periodic centre annuli, a partially hyperbolic surface endomorphism is dynamically coherent and leaf conjugate to its linearisation. We proceed to characterise the dynamics in the presence of periodic centre annuli. This completes a classification of partially hyperbolic surface endomorphisms.
Bibliometrics in Press. Representations and uses of bibliometric indicators in the Italian daily newspapers
Authors: Petrovich Eugenio 
Published: March 2022

AbstractScholars in science and technology studies and bibliometricians are increasingly revealing the performative nature of bibliometric indicators. Far from being neutral technical measures, indicators such as the Impact Factor and the h-index are deeply transforming the social and epistemic structures of contemporary science. At the same time, scholars have highlighted how bibliometric indicators are endowed with social meanings that go beyond their purely technical definitions. Thesesocial representations of bibliometric indicatorsare constructed and negotiated between different groups of actors within several arenas. This study aims to investigate how bibliometric indicators are used in a context, which, so far, has not yet been covered by researchers, that ofdaily newspapers. By a content analysis of a corpus of 583 articles that appeared in four major Italian newspapers between 1990 and 2020, we chronicle the main functions that bibliometrics and bibliometric indicators played in the Italian press. Our material shows, among other things, that the public discourse developed in newspapers creates a favorable environment for bibliometrics-centered science policies, that bibliometric indicators contribute to the social construction of scientific facts in the press, especially in science news related to medicine, and that professional bibliometric expertise struggles to be represented in newspapers and hence reach the general public.
Return migration of German-affiliated researchers: analyzing departure and return by gender, cohort, and discipline using Scopus bibliometric data 1996–2020
Authors: Zhao Xinyi , Aref Samin , Zagheni Emilio , Stecklov Guy 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe international migration of researchers is an important dimension of scientific mobility, and has been the subject of considerable policy debate. However, tracking the migration life courses of researchers is challenging due to data limitations. In this study, we use Scopus bibliometric data on eight million publications from 1.1 million researchers who have published at least once with an affiliation address from Germany in 1996–2020. We construct the partial life histories of published researchers in this period and explore both their out-migration and the subsequent return of a subset of this group: the returnees. Our analyses shed light on the career stages and gender disparities between researchers who remain in Germany, those who emigrate, and those who eventually return. We find that the return migration streams are even more gender imbalanced, which points to the need for additional efforts to encourage female researchers to come back to Germany. We document a slightly declining trend in return migration among more recent cohorts of researchers who left Germany, which, for most disciplines, was associated with a decrease in the German collaborative ties of these researchers. Moreover, we find that the gender disparities for the most gender imbalanced disciplines are unlikely to be mitigated by return migration given the gender compositions of the cohorts of researchers who have left Germany and of those who have returned. This analysis uncovers new dimensions of migration among scholars by investigating the return migration of published researchers, which is critical for the development of science policy.
Efficient adsorption of acetaminophen from the aqueous phase using low-cost and renewable adsorbent derived from orange peels
Authors: Saied Mohamed El , Shaban Seham A. , Mostafa Mohsen S. , Naga Ahmed O. Abo El 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) are frequently detected emerging pollutants in water resources worldwide that provoke pernicious influences on human health and the ecosystem. Developing effective carbonaceous adsorbents from biomass for the efficient removal of PhACs has lately drawn significant research attention. Herein, an efficient and cost-effective activated carbon was produced via ZnCl2-activation, employing orange peels as a precursor (named hereafter as OPAC). OPAC was well-characterized and applied in the sequestration of acetaminophen (N-acetyl-para-aminophenol, APAP), a broadly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, from water media using the batch technique. OPAC exhibited excellent performance, and more than 95.5% APAP was removed after 90 min, in the pH range of 2.0–8.0, using 1 g/l adsorbent at 25 °C. Additionally, the equilibrium and the kinetic studies outcomes unveiled the suitability of the Langmuir and the pseudo-second-order kinetic models, respectively, to describe the adsorption process. Based on the pH-adsorption dependence and OPAC properties, the presumable mechanism was mainly dominated by non-electrostatic interactions, including hydrogen bonding, π-π interactions, and pore diffusion. Thermodynamically, the process was found to be spontaneous and endothermic. Ultimately, OPAC manifested outstanding recyclability, with at least 95% of the initial efficiency being preserved after five cycles, making it more attractive from the environmental and economic perspectives.
Removal of stable and radio isotopes from wastewater by using modified microcrystalline cellulose based on Taguchi L16
Authors: Dawoud M. M. A. , Hegazi M. M. , Saleh H. M. , El Helew W. K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWater pollution connected with rapid industrial growth is one of the most challenging issues worldwide. The disposal of heavy metals turns out to be complex and expensive, so several researchers have tried to remove these pollutants based on abundantly available, inexpensive materials, such as agsricultural waste to be used as sorbents; however, most of these materials have not achieved sufficient removal rates. Consequently, research has been conducted for economic, environmentally benign, and efficient byproduct materials. Among the most auspicious techniques was the extraction of microcrystalline cellulose, chemically modified by a low-molecular-weight organic acid such as citric acid (McC-CA); such materials are powerful chelators for the removal of heavy metals from water bodies. The Taguchi robust design approach was used in present study to optimize the factors determing the efficieny of heavy metal removal, namely ion concentration, pH-value, adsorbent dosage, and contact time, through an orthogonal array (OA) L16 = 44 in batch absorbtion experiments. The results illustrated the optimum combination for Co (II) and Cs (I) adsorption was pH (5–6), C (1–50 mg L−1), D (3–4 g L−1), T (60–100 min) according to contour plots and verification tests, Where the percent removal reached 74 and 88% for cobalt and cesium respectively when using this optimal combination. Furthermore, when this combination was applied to 60Co and 137Cs the percent removal ranged from 96.01 to 90.28% for 60Co, and 100 to 94.25% for 137Cs. Therefore, it can be inferred that the use of McC-CA constitutes an effective tool to remove cobalt and cesium ions from waterbodies.
Living the spiral curriculum: using the Swanwick/Tillman sequence of musical development to support music in primary schools in the 1980s
Authors: Hanke Maureen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article aims to capture how the Swanwick and Tillman (1986) spiral model of musical development influenced my work as an Inner London Education Authority (ILEA) music coordinator (advisory teacher). It discusses my professional position in a period of teaching prior to the implementation of the National Curriculum for Music, to illustrate dichotomous pedagogical approaches in a developing re-positioning of aesthetic knowledge in music education. Using the example of two Key Stage 2 (KS2) music projects, a brief reflection concludes how the model of musical development and an adapted pedagogic approach facilitated my work in supporting music teachers to embrace music teaching with confidence and to consider what meaningful musical activity for musical learning is and how this might be planned.
Homozygous variants in the GDF1 gene related to recurrent right isomerism and complex CHD in two Indian families
Authors: Krishna Mani Ram , Sennaiyan Usha Nandhini 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDisorders of laterality are often associated with complex CHD. There is considerable debate about the appropriate terminology to describe these conditions. As our understanding of the genetic basis of these disorders improves, it is likely that terminology will be dictated by the genetic aetiology. The genetic basis of laterality disorders in the Indian population has not been studied. We report two families with autosomal recessive inheritance of isomerism and homozygous variants in the GDF1 gene in affected family members.
METTL14 promotes prostate tumorigenesis by inhibiting THBS1 via an m6A-YTHDF2-dependent mechanism
Authors: Wang Yongjie , Chen Junfei , Gao Wei-Qiang , Yang Ru 
Published: March 2022

AbstractN6-methyladenine (m6A) is the most predominant RNA modification, which has been shown to be related to many types of cancers. However, understanding of its role in prostate cancer (PCa) is largely unknown. Here, we report an upregulation of METTL14 that was correlated with poor prognosis in PCa patients. Functionally, knocking down METTL14 inhibited tumor proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, RNA-seq and MeRIP-seq analyses identified THBS1 as the downstream target of METTL14 in PCa. METTL14 downregulated THBS1 expression in an m6A-dependent manner, which resulted in the recruitment of YTHDF2 to recognize and degrade Thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) mRNA. Thus, our findings revealed that METTL14 acted as an oncogene by inhibiting THBS1 expression via an m6A-YTHDF2-dependent manner. METTL14 could be a potential prognosis marker and a therapeutic target.
Hsa_circ_0007967 promotes gastric cancer proliferation through the miR-411-5p/MAML3 axis
Authors: Zha Quanbin , Wu Xi , Zhang Jingxin , Xu Tingting , Shi YongKang , Sun Yayun , Fang Yuan , Gu Yunru , Ma Pei , Shu Yongqian , Tian Shengwang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCircular RNAs are an important kind of noncoding RNAs and involved in cancerogenesis, but the specific mechanism between gastric cancer and circRNAs needs further study. Hsa_circ_0007967 was selected by RNA sequencing. Here, hsa_circ_0007967 was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues than adjacent normal tissues. Overexpressing hsa_circ_0007967 promoted gastric cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, while suppression of hsa_circ_0007967 inhibited gastric cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_0007967 sponged miR-411-5p to increase MAML3 expression. Overall, hsa_circ_0007967 is a promising biomarker for gastric cancer diagnosis and a potential molecule for gastric cancer treatment.
A risk scoring system to predict progression to severe pneumonia in patients with Covid-19
Authors: Lee Ji Yeon , Nam Byung-Ho , Kim Mhinjine , Hwang Jongmin , Kim Jin Young , Hyun Miri , Kim Hyun Ah , Cho Chi-Heum 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRapid outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) raised major concern regarding medical resource constraints. We constructed and validated a scoring system for early prediction of progression to severe pneumonia in patients with Covid-19. A total of 561 patients from a Covid-19 designated hospital in Daegu, South Korea were randomly divided into two cohorts: development cohort (N = 421) and validation cohort (N = 140). We used multivariate logistic regression to identify four independent risk predictors for progression to severe pneumonia and constructed a risk scoring system by giving each factor a number of scores corresponding to its regression coefficient. We calculated risk scores for each patient and defined two groups: low risk (0 to 8 points) and high risk (9 to 20 points). In the development cohort, the sensitivity and specificity were 83.8% and 78.9%. In the validation cohort, the sensitivity and specificity were 70.8% and 79.3%, respectively. The C-statistics was 0.884 (95% CI 0.833–0.934) in the development cohort and 0.828 (95% CI 0.733–0.923) in the validation cohort. This risk scoring system is useful to identify high-risk group for progression to severe pneumonia in Covid-19 patients and can prevent unnecessary overuse of medical care in limited-resource settings.
Distributionally robust optimization for fire station location under uncertainties
Authors: Ming Jinke , Richard Jean-Philippe P. , Qin Rongshui , Zhu Jiping 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEmergency fire service (EFS) systems provide rescue operations for emergencies and accidents. If properly designed, they can decrease property loss and mortality. This paper proposes a distributionally robust model (DRM) for optimizing the location of fire stations, the number of fire trucks, and demand assignment for long term planning in an EFS system. This is achieved by minimizing the worst-case expected total cost, including fire station construction cost, purchase cost for fire trucks, transportation cost, and penalty cost for not providing adequate service. The ambiguity in demands and travel durations distributions are captured through moment information and mean absolute deviation. A cutting plane method is used to solve the problem. Due to fact that it is computationally intensive for larger problems, two approximate methods are introduced; one that uses linear decision rules (LDRs), and another that adopts three-point approximations of the distributions. The results show that the heuristic method is especially useful for solving large instances of DRM. Extensive numerical experiments are conducted to analyze the model’s performance with respect to different parameters. Finally, data obtained from Hefei (China) demonstrates the practical applicability and value of the model in designing an EFS system in a large metropolitan setting.
Knot formation of dsDNA pushed inside a nanochannel
Authors: Rothörl Jan , Wettermann Sarah , Virnau Peter , Bhattacharya Aniket 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRecent experiments demonstrated that knots in single molecule dsDNA can be formed by compression in a nanochannel. In this manuscript, we further elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms by carrying out a compression experiment in silico, where an equilibrated coarse-grained double-stranded DNA confined in a square channel is pushed by a piston. The probability of forming knots is a non-monotonic function of the persistence length and can be enhanced significantly by increasing the piston speed. Under compression knots are abundant and delocalized due to a backfolding mechanism from which chain-spanning loops emerge, while knots are less frequent and only weakly localized in equilibrium. Our in silico study thus provides insights into the formation, origin and control of DNA knots in nanopores.
Justice sensitivity is undergirded by separate heritable motivations to be morally principled and opportunistic
Authors: Eftedal Nikolai Haahjem , Kleppestø Thomas Haarklau , Czajkowski Nikolai Olavi , Sheehy-Skeffington Jennifer , Røysamb Espen , Vassend Olav , Ystrom Eivind , Thomsen Lotte 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInjustice typically involves some people benefitting at the expense of others. An opportunist might then be selectively motivated to amend only the injustice that is harmful to them, while someone more principled would respond consistently regardless of whether they stand to gain or lose. Here, we disentangle such principled and opportunistic motives towards injustice. With a sample of 312 monozygotic- and 298 dizygotic twin pairs (N = 1220), we measured people’s propensity to perceive injustice as victims, observers, beneficiaries, and perpetrators of injustice, using the Justice Sensitivity scale. With a biometric approach to factor analysis, that provides increased stringency in inferring latent psychological traits, we find evidence for two substantially heritable factors explaining correlations between Justice Sensitivity facets. We interpret these factors asprincipled justice sensitivity(h2 = 0.45) leading to increased sensitivity to injustices of all categories, andopportunistic justice sensitivity(h2 = 0.69) associated with increased sensitivity to being a victim and a decreased propensity to see oneself as a perpetrator. These novel latent constructs share genetic substrate with psychological characteristics that sustain broad coordination strategies that capture the dynamic tension between honest cooperation versus dominance and defection, namely altruism, interpersonal trust, agreeableness, Social Dominance Orientation and opposition to immigration and foreign aid.
Blood KL-6 predicts prognosis in primary Sjögren’s syndrome-associated interstitial lung disease
Authors: Kim Yun Jae , Choe Jooae , Moon Su-Jin , Song Jin Woo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInterstitial lung disease associated with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (SJS-ILD) has a variable clinical course. We aimed to investigate the role of blood biomarkers in predicting prognosis for SJS-ILD. Clinical data of 46 SJS-ILD patients were retrospectively reviewed. Plasma biomarker levels, including Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6), CC chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18), chitinase-3-like-1 (YKL-40), interleukin-4 receptor alpha (IL-4Ra), and matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) were measured using the multiplex Luminex assays (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, USA). The median follow-up period was 69.0 months. The mean age of the patients was 59.4 years; 17.4% were men. The KL-6 level was significantly higher in non-survivors (n = 12; 119.6 vs. 59.5 pg/mL, P = 0.037) than survivors (n = 34), while the levels of the other biomarkers did not differ. Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that KL-6 shows the best performance for predicting survival (area under the curve = 0.705, P = 0.037; best cut-off value = 53.5 pg/mL). Multivariable Cox analysis that was adjusted by age and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide suggested a high KL-6 level (> 53.5 pg/mL) as an independent prognostic factor for survival (hazard ratio = 5.939, 95% confidence interval 1.312–26.881, P = 0.021). Our results suggest that blood KL-6 might be a useful in predicting the prognosis for patients with SJS-ILD.
NU-9 improves health of hSOD1G93A mouse upper motor neurons in vitro, especially in combination with riluzole or edaravone
Authors: Genç Barış , Gautam Mukesh , Helmold Benjamin R. , Koçak Nuran , Günay Aksu , Goshu Gashaw M. , Silverman Richard B. , Hande Ozdinler P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEven though amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a disease of the upper and lower motor neurons, to date none of the compounds in clinical trials have been tested for improving the health of diseased upper motor neurons (UMNs). There is an urgent need to develop preclinical assays that include UMN health as a readout. Since ALS is a complex disease, combinatorial treatment strategies will be required to address the mechanisms perturbed in patients. Here, we describe a novel in vitro platform that takes advantage of an UMN reporter line in which UMNs are genetically labeled with fluorescence and have misfolded SOD1 toxicity. We report that NU-9, an analog of the cyclohexane-1,3-dione family of compounds, improves the health of UMNs with misfolded SOD1 toxicity more effectively than riluzole or edaravone, -the only two FDA-approved ALS drugs to date-. Interestingly, when NU-9 is applied in combination with riluzole or edaravone, there is an additive effect on UMN health, as they extend longer axons and display enhanced branching and arborization, two important characteristics of healthy UMNs in vitro.
The Pseudomonas syringae type III effector HopG1 triggers necrotic cell death that is attenuated by AtNHR2B
Authors: Rodríguez-Puerto Catalina , Chakraborty Rupak , Singh Raksha , Rocha-Loyola Perla , Rojas Clemencia M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe plant pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000) has become a paradigm to investigate plant-bacteria interactions due to its ability to cause disease in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Pst DC3000 uses the type III secretion system to deliver type III secreted effectors (T3SEs) directly into the plant cytoplasm. Pst DC3000 T3SEs contribute to pathogenicity by suppressing plant defense responses and targeting plant’s physiological processes. Although the complete repertoire of effectors encoded in the Pst DC3000 genome have been identified, the specific function for most of them remains to be elucidated. Among those effectors, the mitochondrial-localized T3E HopG1, suppresses plant defense responses and promotes the development of disease symptoms. Here, we show that HopG1 triggers necrotic cell death that enables the growth of adapted and non-adapted pathogens. We further showed that HopG1 interacts with the plant immunity-related protein AtNHR2B and that AtNHR2B attenuates HopG1- virulence functions. These results highlight the importance of HopG1 as a multi-faceted protein and uncover its interplay with AtNHR2B.