bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unstimulated Salivary Estrogen in Postmenopausal Women With and Without Oral Dryness: A Prospective Study
Authors: Gupta Aanchal , Pallagatti Shambulingappa , Gupta Deepak , Aggarwal Amit , Singh Ravinder 
Published: April 2022

Objective:
This study aimed to compare the unstimulated salivary estrogen levels in postmenopausal women with and without oral dryness.

Methodology:
A study was carried out on 70 selected postmenopausal women, out of which 35 were in the case group and 35 were in the control group. A questionnaire related to oral dryness was given to all the patients to evaluate their response to oral dryness. Patients were asked to spit in a plastic container, and their unstimulated saliva samples were obtained and analyzed for estimation of salivary estrogen levels by ELISA technique. After analyzing the results of salivary estrogen levels, the patients in the case group with low levels of estrogen were subjected to HRT under the guidance of a gynecologist. The patients were followed after 3 months of therapy for their response to oral dryness by the questionnaire, and salivary estrogen levels were again reevaluated after the therapy. The statistical analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, version 15.0 for windows). The Pearson’s correlation and Student’s unpaired t-test were used for comparisons.

Results:
Before hormone replacement therapy, the mean estrogen level of the case group was 1.0031, and the mean estrogen level of the control group was 4.0080 pg/ml. This suggested that the reduced levels of estrogen hormone after menopause were associated with the complaint of oral dryness in these females. The mean salivary estrogen levels in the case group after HRT were more than the levels before HRT.

Conclusion:
Estrogen levels were reduced in patients with oral dryness. Further, the patients receiving HRT showed significant improvement in symptoms of oral dryness.
Remoción de cefalexina en solución acuosa empleando ozono y radiación UV
Authors: Moreno Rojas Paula , Puerto Mora Natalia , Agudelo Valencia Rafael Nikolay , Villamil Edwar 
Published: April 2022

Los fármacos como la cefalexina se catalogan como microcontaminantes emergentes, por estar presentes en cantidades mínimas en el ambiente y por el desconocimiento de sus efectos. En este proyecto se evaluó un proceso de oxidación avanzada (POA) que consistió en analizar la transformación de cefalexina en solución acuosa por medio de ozono como agente oxidante y radiación UV (254 nm, 5 W); el proceso fue comparado con ensayos en los cuales se utilizó solamente ozono en ausencia de radiación UV. Se empleó un diseño experimental de tipo Box-Behnken, para el cual los factores variables del proceso fueron el pH inicial de la solución acuosa (6,5, 7,5 y 8,5), el tiempo de reacción (30, 45 y 60 minutos) y la concentración inicial de cefalexina (7,5, 10 y 12,5 mg/L). Los parámetros de respuesta fueron el porcentaje de reducción de concentración de cefalexina y de carbono orgánico total (COT). Los resultados indican que las mayores reducciones de concentración fueron de 48,85 % utilizando ozono, y 62,53 % con ozono y radiación UV. Estos valores fueron alcanzados para un pH inicial de 8,5, con 60 minutos de reacción y 12,5 mg/L de concentración inicial de cefalexina. La comparación estadística de los resultados indica que la efectividad del proceso de ozonización intensificado por radiación UV es mayor que la ozonización sola. El análisis de varianza realizado a los datos obtenidos señala que con un pH alcalino la efectividad del proceso es mayor, lo cual se explica a través de las reacciones de descomposición del ozono y la formación de radicales OH● y de ozono por efecto de radiación UV.
Perspectiva del uso de Pseudomonas spp. como biocontrol de fitopatógenos en cultivos de hortalizas en Colombia: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Motta Escobar Stefany , Salazar Cabezas Lizeth D. , Sánchez Leal Ligia C. 
Published: April 2022

Colombia ocupa el puesto 89 de 124 países que concentran la mayor cantidad de plagas, y los fitopatógenos fúngicos, por las condiciones climáticas que caracteriza la zona geográfica, son uno de los mayores problemas para los cultivos de hortalizas. El control biológico es una alternativa sustentable y prometedora al uso exclusivo de agroquímicos. En diversos estudios se ha observado que la bacteria Pseudomonas tiene un gran potencial biocontrolador para hongos fitopatógenos como Fusarium spp., Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia spp., entre otros, que causan pérdidas en la producción de hortalizas. Existen más de cien especies de Pseudomonas reportadas, de las cuales varias cepas han mostrado resultados prometedores. Materiales y métodos: en esta esta revisión sistemática se emplearon los lineamientos del sitio web Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses y se realizaron búsquedas en bases de datos y en páginas web de instituciones como Agrosavia, Agronet, el Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario (ica), e Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (ideam). Resultados: se obtuvo un total de 97 artículos publicados entre 1980 y 2021. Posterior a la aplicación de los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se eliminaron 43 publicaciones, por lo que, en total, 54 publicaciones se incluyeron. Discusión: diversas cepas de Pseudomonas evidencian un potencial biocontrolador favorable que permite adoptar y desarrollar técnicas innovadoras para introducirse en el manejo de fitopatógenos. Sus propiedades, además de contrarrestar la enfermedad, favorecen el crecimiento y la productividad de las plantas. Varios estudios comprueban los mecanismos que expresan las Pseudomonas y el rol prometedor de la genómica en su potenciación. Conclusiones: el género Pseudomonas ha resultado ser efectivo como biocontrolador de fitopatógenos en cultivos de hortalizas, cuyos tratamientos con esta bacteria pueden llegar a reducir el uso de agroquímicos. Sin embargo, es necesario implementar nuevas estrategias e incentivar la investigación en este campo.
The Impact of an Evidence-Informed Spinal Cord Injury Activities of Daily Living Education Manual (SADL-eM): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Abu Mostafa Moussa , Plastow Nicola Ann , Savin-Baden Maggi , Ayele Birhanu 
Published: April 2022

Background
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a catastrophic injury associated with functional loss and life-threatening complications. Many people with SCI in the Gaza Strip of Palestine are discharged from inpatient rehabilitation to the community while still lacking many daily life skills. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) seeks to test the impact of the Spinal Cord Injury Activities of Daily Living Education Manual (SADL-eM)—an evidence-based occupational therapy patient educational intervention—on rehabilitation outcomes.

Objective
The proposed trial aims to evaluate the SADL-eM intervention compared with standard treatment among people with SCI.

Methods
This is a parallel RCT with two study arms: intervention and control. A total of 90 patients treated in inpatient rehabilitation settings will be randomly allocated to two study groups. Both groups will receive standard care. The intervention group will also use the SADL-eM with their treating occupational therapist during rehabilitation. The SADL-eM is a comprehensive activities of daily living (ADL) educational tool that was codeveloped with people with SCI and stakeholders across Gaza. The self-report version of the Spinal Cord Independence Measure will be used on admission (ie, baseline measure) and after 6 weeks as the primary outcome measure. Secondary outcomes include the third version of the Spinal Cord Independence Measure, the Private Religiousness Practices Scale, the Organizational Religiousness Short-Form, additional ADL domains covered by the education manual, and adherence to the intervention. The effect of the intervention will be determined using repeated-measures analysis of variance.

Results
This study will be conducted from April 2021 through December 2022, with results expected to be available in January 2023.

Conclusions
If the SADL-eM is demonstrated as clinically effective, this will have significant implications for occupational therapy interventions in low- and middle-income countries.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04735887; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04735887
Modeling Data Journeys to Inform the Digital Transformation of Kidney Transplant Services: Observational Study
Authors: Sharma Videha , Eleftheriou Iliada , van der Veer Sabine N , Brass Andrew , Augustine Titus , Ainsworth John 
Published: April 2022

Background
Data journey modeling is a methodology used to establish a high-level overview of information technology (IT) infrastructure in health care systems. It allows a better understanding of sociotechnical barriers and thus informs meaningful digital transformation. Kidney transplantation is a complex clinical service involving multiple specialists and providers. The referral pathway for a transplant requires the centralization of patient data across multiple IT solutions and health care organizations. At present, there is a poor understanding of the role of IT in this process, specifically regarding the management of patient data, clinical communication, and workflow support.

Objective
To apply data journey modeling to better understand interoperability, data access, and workflow requirements of a regional multicenter kidney transplant service.

Methods
An incremental methodology was used to develop the data journey model. This included review of service documents, domain expert interviews, and iterative modeling sessions. Results were analyzed based on the LOAD (landscape, organizations, actors, and data) framework to provide a meaningful assessment of current data management challenges and inform ways for IT to overcome these challenges.

Results
Results were presented as a diagram of the organizations (n=4), IT systems (n>9), actors (n>4), and data journeys (n=0) involved in the transplant referral pathway. The diagram revealed that all movement of data was dependent on actor interaction with IT systems and manual transcription of data into Microsoft Word (Microsoft, Inc) documents. Each actor had between 2 and 5 interactions with IT systems to capture all relevant data, a process that was reported to be time consuming and error prone. There was no interoperability within or across organizations, which led to delays as clinical teams manually transferred data, such as medical history and test results, via post or email.

Conclusions
Overall, data journey modeling demonstrated that human actors, rather than IT systems, formed the central focus of data movement. The IT landscape did not complement this workflow and exerted a significant administrative burden on clinical teams. Based on this study, future solutions must consider regional interoperability and specialty-specific views of data to support multi-organizational clinical services such as transplantation.
DETERMINANTS OF SEXUAL ABUSE AMONG SELECTED FEMALE ADOLESCENTS IN SEMI-URBAN CALABAR MUNICIPALITY CROSS RIVER STATE NIGERIA; DESCRIPTIVE SURVEY (Preprint)
Authors: Agba Mathias 
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

One of the public health problems affecting the entire world is sexual abuse. Sexual abuse is a worldwide problem affecting both developed and developing countries alike. Sexual abuse also known as sexual violence refers to any act perpetuated with the intension of obtaining sex through force, violence or coercion, which, according to World Health Organization (WHO), encompasses a variety of situations, namely rape, sexual or physical abuse, forced marriage and child marriage

OBJECTIVE

The specific objectives of the study are to:
1.	To determine the environmental determinants of sexual abuse among female adolescents in semi-urban Calabar Municipality, Cross River State, Nigeria.
2.	To explore the social determinants of sexual abuse among female adolescents in semi-urban Calabar Municipality, Cross River State, Nigeria,
3.	To ascertain the psychological determinants of sexual abuse among female adolescents in semi-urban Calabar Municipality, Cross River State, Nigeria.

METHODS

A total of 241 female senior secondary schools (SS I & SS II) students of four (4) public secondary schools in semi-urban Calabar Municipality were selected as sample of the study using simple random sampling techniques. The instrument of data collection was a structured questionnaire. Data collected were presented and analyzed using frequencies, percentages and descriptive statistics (Means [ ]). The hypothesis was tested using Chi-square (X2) analysis.

RESULTS

The results of the study revealed that, 57(23.6%) respondents strongly agreed that walking in lonely places at night can expose a teenage girl to sexual abuse; 64 (26.6%) respondents agreed; 61 (25.3%) respondents disagreed; while 59 (24.5%) respondents strongly disagreed. Also, 121 (50.2%) respondents strongly agreed that girls who attend clubs and parties can easily be abused sexually; 94 (41.5%) respondents agreed; 19 (7.96%) respondents disagreed; while 7 (2.9%) respondents strongly disagreed 94 (39.0%) respondents strongly agreed that girls who have poor self-concept are at risk of being sexually abused 104 (43.2%) respondents agreed; 21 (8.7%) respondents disagreed; while 22 (9.1%) respondents strongly disagreed. There is a significant relationship between age and occurrence of sexual abuse among female adolescents in semi-urban Calabar Municipality

CONCLUSIONS

Those living in isolated environment surrounded by men, walking in lonely places at night, living in city slums and living in neighbourhoods where crime rate is high attending clubs and parties, poor parent-child relationship, making friends with males, peer pressure indecent dressing, having poor self-concept, low self-confidence, negative attitude to sex, and lacking the sense of decency often leads to sexual abuse.
Hubungan Tingkat Pendidikan Terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan Masyarakat di Dusun Sumberan Sedayu Bantul Tentang Pencegahan Covid-19 Bulan Januari 2021
Authors: Damayanti Mesi , Sofyan Octariana 
Published: April 2022

Covid-19 saat ini menjadi permasalahan serius di dunia dengan jumlah kasus yang selalu meningkat. Survei awal peneliti menunjukkan masih terdapat warga Dusun Sumberan berlatar belakang pendidikan dasar dan berdasarkan hasil wawancara banyak warga yang tidak mengetahui pencegahan Covid-19 secara baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pendidikan terhadap tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat di Dusun Sumberan Sedayu Bantul tentang pencegahan Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectionals dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat Dusun Sumberan yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi yaitu sebanyak 90 responden. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuesioner tertutup yang terdiri dari data diri responden dan pernyataan terkait pencegahan Covid-19. Data dianalisis dengan menggolongkan tingkat pendidikan dan penilaian persentase tingkat pengetahuan terhadap hasil jawaban responden. Hasil yang didapat yaitu tingkat pengetahuan responden dengan kategori kurang sebanyak 33%, cukup sebesar 36% dan baik sebesar 31%. Data pendidikan dan pengetahuan yang didapat kemudian diolah menggunakan SPSS dengan uji kendall’s tau. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan terhadap tingkat pengetahuan dengan nilai sig 0,000 (< 0,05) dimana semakin tinggi tingkat pendidikan maka semakin tinggi pula tingkat pengetahuan yang dimiliki, dan sebaliknya. Hubungan yang terjadi termasuk dalam kategori cukup dengan nilai koefisien korelasi 0,413.
Keunikan Al-Qur’an Al-Karim dan Terjemahan Bebas Bersajak dalam Bahasa Aceh Karya Teungku Mahjiddin Yusuf
Authors: Muthalib Salman Abdul , Nurlaila Nurlaila , Safriani Safriani 
Published: April 2022

In general, the translation of the Koran is done in the national language so that it can be understood by the general public, but one of the Acehnese clerics, Tgk. H. Mahjiddin Jusuf in his work Al-Karim Qur'an and Free Translation of Rhyme in Acehnese translates the Qur'an in Acehnese and in the form of nazam. Based on this phenomenon, it is necessary to conduct a study to see the uniqueness and characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of the work. This research is a literature study with the data sources being the Qur'an and the Free Translation of Rhyme in Acehnese which was analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the interpretation made by Mahjiddin Jusuf was lughawi (language), because he translated the Koran by expressing words poetically. In terms of method, this work is included in the ijmali interpretation method, because it explains the meaning of the Qur'an globally. The translation of the Koran also has regional and literary characteristics, because it expresses the meaning of the Koran in the regional language (Aceh) in the form of a-b-a-b rhymes with an Acehnese cultural approach. Pada umumnya penerjemahan Alquran dilakukan dalam bahasa nasional sehingga dapat dipahami khalayak ramai, namun salah seorang ulama Aceh Tgk. H. Mahjiddin Jusuf dalam karyanya Alquran al-Karim dan Terjemahan Bebas Bersajak dalam Bahasa Aceh menerjemahkan Alquran dalam bahasa Aceh dan dalam bentuk nazam. Berdasarkan fenomena ini, maka perlu dilakukan kajian untuk melihat keunikan dan karakteristiknya, kelebihan dan kekurangan karya tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kepustakaan dengan sumber datanya Alquran dan Terjemahan Bebas Bersajak dalam Bahasa Aceh yang dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penafsiran yang dilakukan Mahjiddin Jusuf bercorak lughawi (bahasa), karena menerjemahkan Alquran dengan mengungkapkan kata-kata secara puitis. Dari segi metode, karya tersebut termasuk dalam metode tafsir ijmali, karena menjelaskan makna Alquran secara global. Terjemahan Alquran tersebut juga berkarakteristik kedaerahan dan sastra, karena mengungkapkan makna Alquran dengan bahasa daerah (Aceh) dengan bentuk sajak a-b-a-b dengan pendekatan kultur masyarakat Aceh.
Penafsiran Ibnu Katsir terhadap Ayat-Ayat Isra’ Mikraj
Authors: Mohd Asri Ahmad Asyraf Bin , Zainuddin Zainuddin 
Published: April 2022

Faith means belief in the heart, words in the mouth and practice with the limbs. Every believer must believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His Messengers, the Last Day, and belief in both good and bad destiny. Believing in the miracles of the apostles includes believing in the apostles. Among the miracles of the Prophet SAW is the Isra 'Mikraj event. This event is clearly mentioned in QS. al-Isrā' (17): 1 and QS. al-Najm (53): 5-18. This incident is also found in the hadiths of various narrations. The commentators have described in depth this great event, among them is Ibn Kathir. In the theory of creed, the arguments and proofs related to the issue of faith must be with definite arguments (qath'i), and cannot use conjectures (dzan). However, Ibn Kathir uses the dha'īf hadith and the āhād hadith in his interpretation of Isra' Mikraj. The research method used by the author is library research, including secondary data collection and processing of the data that has been obtained using descriptive-analytical methods. The author collects data according to the findings, then analyzes the data and understands Ibn Kathir's thoughts on the verses related to Isra and Mikraj. Iman berarti keyakinan dalam hati, perkataan di lisan dan amalan dengan anggota badan. Setiap mukmin wajib beriman kepada Allah Swt, malaikat-malaikat-Nya, kitab-kitab-Nya, Rasul-Rasul-Nya, hari akhir, dan beriman kepada takdir baik maupun yang buruk. Mempercayai mukjizat-mukjizat para rasul termasuk beriman kepada rasul. Di antara mukjizat Nabi Saw adalah peristiwa Isra’ Mikraj. Peristiwa tersebut disebut secara jelas dalam QS. al-Isrā’ (17): 1 dan QS. al-Najm (53): 5-18. Peristiwa ini juga terdapat dalam hadis dari pelbagai riwayat. Para mufasir telah menguraikan dengan mendalam peristiwa besar ini, di antaranya adalah Ibnu Katsir. Dalam teori akidah, dalil dan hujjah yang berkaitan dengan masalah akidah haruslah dengan dalil yang pasti (qath‘i), tidak bisa menggunakan dugaan (dzan). Namun, Ibnu Katsir menggunakan hadis dha‘īf dan hadis āhād dalam penafsirannya tentang Isra’ Mikraj. Metode penelitian yang digunakan penulis adalah library research (penelitian kepustakaan), meliputi pengumpulan data sekunder dan mengolah data-data yang telah didapatkan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif-analitis. Penulis menghimpun data sesuai hasil temuan, lalu melakukan analisis data tersebut dan memahami pemikiran Ibnu Katsir terhadap ayat-ayat yang berkaitan dengan Isra’ dan Mikraj.
Self and Shame: A Gestalt Approach
Authors: WHEELER GORDON 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Shame, both a universal human feeling and also one of the most potentially disorganizing of all affect experiences, has been relatively neglected in clinical writing until recent years and even today remains in unclear focus in much of our dominant clinical tradition and thinking about selfmodels. Both this neglect and this lack of focus are much clarified by a Gestalt model of self-experience and self-process—a perspective which raises paradigmatic questions for our thinking about human nature and relational process. Drawing on the tradition of affect theory and Goodman's radical revision of traditional self-theory, this article examines the terms of the underlying assumptions about self and relationship that have informed our traditional clinical models and offers a new model of shame, support, and their dynamic interplay in self-process and self-integration. Shame then emerges as a key signal affect in a field model of self, much as anxiety stood in this role in an older, individualist model. Implications for clinical practice are then considered, with an examination of five thematic clusters of possible therapeutic interventions, aimed at bringing shame issues to light in the therapeutic relationship itself, and offering the promise of transforming self-inhibition and disorganization into new self-development and growth.
GENERAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE PECULIARITIES OF V. SIRADEGYAN'S PROSE LANGUAGE AND VISUALIZATION TOOLS
Authors: Hovakimyan Hovhannes 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
The work analyzes the peculiarities of Vano Siradeghyan, who is one of the most outstanding prose writers of modern Armenian literature.This analysis utilizes the viewpoint of stylistic vocabulary. In addition, the opinions from other scholars are considered regarding the author.
Furthermore, the author’s use of lexicon and grammar, multilayered language are also discussed in this analysis. Lastly, a detailed study of Vano Siradeghyan’s prose is considered, the means of illustration used by him, the various methods by which the author received the literary text, the use of certain grammar and literary structure, and also the author's sophisticated word choices.