bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of Bourbon virus specific serum neutralizing antibodies in human serum in Missouri, USA
Authors: Bamunuarachchi Gayan , Harastani Houda , Rothlauf Paul W. , Dai Ya-nan , Ali Ellebedy , Fremont Daved , Whelan Sean P.J. , Wang David , Boon Adrianus C. M. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTBourbon virus (BRBV) was first discovered in 2014 in a fatal human case. Since then it has been detected in the Amblyomma americanum tick in the states of Missouri and Kansas in the United States. Despite the high prevalence of BRBV in ticks in these states, very few human cases have been reported, and the true infection burden of BRBV in the community is unknown. Here, we developed two virus neutralization assays, a VSV-BRBV pseudotyped rapid assay, and a BRBV focus reduction neutralization assay, to assess the seroprevalence of BRBV neutralizing antibodies in human sera collected in 2020 in St. Louis, Missouri. Out of 440 human serum samples tested, three (0.7%) were able to potently neutralize both VSV-BRBV and wild type BRBV. These findings suggest that human infections with BRBV are more common than previously recognized.ImportanceSince the discovery of the Bourbon virus (BRBV) in 2014, a total of five human cases have been identified, including two fatal cases. BRBV is thought to be transmitted by the Lone Star tick, which is prevalent in the East, Southeast, and Midwest of the United States (US). BRBV has been detected in ticks in Missouri and Kansas and serological evidence suggests that it is also present in North Carolina. However, the true infection burden of BRBV in humans is not known. In the present study, we developed two virus neutralization assays to assess the seroprevalence of BRBV specific antibodies in human sera collected in 2020 in St. Louis, Missouri. We found that a small subset of individuals is seropositive for neutralizing antibodies against BRBV. Our data suggest that BRBV infection in humans is more common than previously thought.
A multiplexed Cas13-based assay with point-of-care attributes for simultaneous COVID-19 diagnosis and variant surveillance
Authors: Patchsung Maturada , Homchan Aimorn , Aphicho Kanokpol , Suraritdechachai Surased , Wanitchanon Thanyapat , Pattama Archiraya , Sappakhaw Khomkrit , Meesawat Piyachat , Wongsatit Thanakrit , Athipanyasilp Artittaya , Jantarug Krittapas , Athipanyasilp Niracha , Buahom Juthamas , Visanpattanasin Supapat , Niljianskul Nootaree , Chaiyen Pimchai , Tinikul Ruchanok , Wichukchinda Nuanjun , Mahasirimongkol Surakameth , Sirijatuphat Rujipas , Angkasekwinai Nasikarn , Crone Michael A. , Freemont Paul S. , Joung Julia , Ladha Alim , Abudayyeh Omar , Gootenberg Jonathan , Zhang Feng , Chewapreecha Claire , Chanarat Sittinan , Horthongkham Navin , Pakotiprapha Danaya , Uttamapinant Chayasith 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPoint-of-care (POC) nucleic acid detection technologies are poised to aid gold-standard technologies in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic, yet shortcomings in the capability to perform critically needed complex detection—such as multiplexed detection for viral variant surveillance—may limit their widespread adoption. Herein, we developed a robust multiplexed CRISPR-based detection using LwaCas13a and PsmCas13b to simultaneously diagnose SARS-CoV-2 infection and pinpoint the causative SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern (VOC)— including globally dominant VOCs Delta (B.1.617.2) and Omicron (B.1.1.529)—all while maintaining high levels of accuracy upon the detection of multiple SARS-CoV-2 gene targets. The platform has several attributes suitable for POC use: premixed, freeze-dried reagents for easy use and storage; convenient direct-to-eye or smartphone-based readouts; and a one-pot variant of the multiplexed detection. To reduce reliance on proprietary reagents and enable sustainable use of such a technology in low- and middle-income countries, we locally produced and formulated our own recombinase polymerase amplification reaction and demonstrated its equivalent efficiency to commercial counterparts. Our tool—CRISPR-based detection for simultaneous COVID-19 diagnosis and variant surveillance which can be locally manufactured—may enable sustainable use of CRISPR diagnostics technologies for COVID- 19 and other diseases in POC settings.
Single molecule imaging and modelling of mRNA decay dynamics in theDrosophilaembryo
Authors: Beadle Lauren Forbes , Love Jennifer C. , Shapovalova Yuliya , Artemev Artem , Rattray Magnus , Ashe Hilary L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRegulation of mRNA degradation is critical for a diverse array of cellular processes and developmental cell fate decisions. Many methods for determining mRNA half-lives rely on transcriptional inhibition or metabolic labelling. Here we use a non-invasive method for estimating half-lives for hundreds of mRNAs in the earlyDrosophilaembryo. This approach uses the intronic and exonic reads from a total RNA-seq time series and Gaussian process regression to model the dynamics of premature and mature mRNAs. We show how regulation of mRNA stability is used to establish a range of mature mRNA dynamics during embryogenesis, despite shared transcription profiles. Using single molecule imaging we provide evidence that, for the mRNAs tested, there is a correlation between short half-life and mRNA association with P-bodies. Moreover, we detect an enrichment of mRNA 3’ ends in P-bodies in the early embryo, consistent with 5’ to 3’ degradation occurring in P-bodies for at least a subset of mRNAs. We discuss our findings in relation to recently published data suggesting that the primary function of P-bodies in other biological contexts is mRNA storage.
Acute Cytomegalovirus Infection Modulates the Intestinal Microbiota and Targets Intestinal Epithelial Cells
Authors: Le-Trilling Vu Thuy Khanh , Ebel Jana-Fabienne , Baier Franziska , Wohlgemuth Kerstin , Pfeifer Kai Robin , Mookhoek Aart , Krebs Philippe , Determann Madita , Katschinski Benjamin , Adamczyk Alexandra , Lange Erik , Klopfleisch Robert , Lange Christian M. , Sokolova Viktoriya , Trilling Mirko , Westendorf Astrid M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPrimary and recurrent cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections frequently cause CMV colitis in immunocompromised as well as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Additionally, colitis occasionally occurs upon primary CMV infection in patients who are apparently immunocompetent. In both cases, the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms are largely elusive - in part due to the lack of adequate access to specimens. We employed the mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) model to probe into the association between CMV and colitis. During acute primary MCMV infection of immunocompetent mice, the gut microbial composition was affected within the first 5 days post-infection as manifested by an altered ratio of the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes phyla. Interestingly, these microbial changes incited with high-titer MCMV replication in the colon, mild crypt necrosis and increased colonic pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Further analyses revealed that murine and human intestinal epithelial cell line as well as primary intestinal crypt cells/ organoids represent direct targets of CMV accompanied by increased cell mortality upon infection. Accordingly, in vivo MCMV infection disrupted the intestinal epithelial barrier and increased apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells. In summary, our data show that CMV induces colitis in immunocompetent hosts by altering the intestinal homeostasis.
Mesoaccumbal glutamate neurons drive reward via glutamate release, but aversion via dopamine co-release
Authors: Warlow Shelley M. , Zell Vivien , Hunker Avery C. , Zweifel Larry S. , Hnasko Thomas S. 
Published: March 2022

SummaryVentral tegmental area (VTA) projections to the nucleus accumbens medial shell (NAc) drive reward-related motivation. Although dopamine neurons are predominant, a substantial glutamatergic projection is also present, and a subset of these populations can release both dopamine and glutamate. Optogenetic stimulation of VTA glutamate neurons supports self-stimulation, but can also induce place avoidance, even in the same assay. Here, we parsed the selective contribution of glutamate or dopamine co-release from VTA glutamate neurons to reinforcement and avoidance. We expressed Channelrhodopsin (ChR2) in VTA glutamate neurons, in combination with CRISPR/Cas9 to disrupt either the gene encoding vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2) or Tyrosine hydroxylase (Th). Selective disruption of VGLUT2 abolished optogenetic self-stimulation, but left real-time place avoidance intact, while CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of Th preserved optogenetic self-stimulation but abolished place avoidance. Our results demonstrate that glutamate release from VTA glutamate neurons is positively reinforcing, but that dopamine release from these same neurons can induce avoidance behavior.
Transcriptome analysis of alcohol dependence and stress interactions in the nucleus of the solitary tract
Authors: Grantham EK , Tiwari GR , Ponomereva O , Warden AS , DaCosta A , Mason S , Blednov YA , Harris RA , Lopez MF , Becker HC , Mayfield RD 
Published: March 2022

AbstractStress exposure contributes to the development of drug and alcohol use disorders. In animal models, stress exacerbates escalations in alcohol consumption in alcohol-dependent animals. The nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) is a critical brainstem region for integrating and relaying peripheral signals to regulate stress responses. To define the molecular adaptions within this brain region that may contribute to stress-induced alcohol drinking, we exposed animals to chronic intermittent bouts of ethanol vapor (CIE), forced swim stress (FSS), or both (CIE + FSS) and then transcriptionally profiled the NTS at three different timepoints after the last vapor exposure (0-hr, 72-hr, and 186-hr). We identified interferon (IFN) signaling as a critical gene network correlated with alcohol consumption levels. Using a likelihood ratio test, we identified genes that were differentially expressed across time and between groups. Clustering analysis of these genes to identify unique expression patterns identified a subset of genes that fail to normalize in the CIE + FSS group, but not the others. These genes were enriched for cell-to-cell interaction and cellular movement pointing to long-term structural and functional changes in this brain region caused by the unique interaction of alcohol dependence and stress. Specific genes of interest identified in this group include Aqp4, Il16, Reln, Grm4, Gabrd, and Gabra6. We also compared gene expression changes in the NTS to the PFC and found a significant overlap of genes between the two brain regions. Overlapping NTS/PFC genes in the CIE + FSS group were enriched for type I IFN signaling. Finally, we tested the hypothesis that activation of type I IFN signaling increases alcohol consumption based on the three lines of evidence identifying type I IFN signaling as critical for escalations in alcohol intake. Mice treated with recombinant IFNβ showed significantly elevated levels of alcohol intake in a two-bottle choice procedure compared to saline-treated controls. Overall, these results define the transcriptomic changes across time in the NTS that may be critical to the development of stress-induced increases in alcohol consumption and alcohol dependence.
A brain-wide analysis maps structural evolution to distinct anatomical modules
Authors: Kozol Robert A. , Conith Andrew J. , Yuiska Anders , Cree-Newman Alexia , Tolentino Bernadeth , Banesh Kasey , Paz Alexandra , Lloyd Evan , Kowalko Johanna E. , Keene Alex C. , Albertson R. Craig , Duboue Erik R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBrain anatomy is highly variable and it is widely accepted that anatomical variation impacts brain function and ultimately behavior. The structural complexity of the brain, including differences in volume and shape, presents an enormous barrier to define how variability underlies differences in function. In this study, we sought to investigate the evolution of brain anatomy in relation to brain region volume and shape across the brain of a single species with variable genetic and anatomical morphs. We generated a high-resolution brain atlas for the blind Mexican cavefish and coupled the atlas with automated computational tools to directly assess brain region shape and volume variability across all populations. We measured the volume and shape of every neuroanatomical region of the brain and assess correlations between anatomical regions in surface, cavefish and surface to cave F2 hybrids, whose phenotypes span the range of surface to cave. We find that dorsal regions of the brain are contracted in cavefish, while ventral regions have expanded. Interestingly, in hybrid fish the volume and shape of dorsal regions are inversely proportional to ventral regions. This trend is true for both volume and shape, suggesting that these two parameters share developmental mechanisms necessary for remodeling the entire brain. Given the high conservation of brain anatomy and function among vertebrate species, we expect these data to studies reveal generalized principles of brain evolution and show that Astyanax provides a system for functionally determining basic principles of brain evolution by utilizing the independent genetic diversity of different morphs, to test how genes influence early patterning events to drive brain-wide anatomical evolution.
Potent and specific human monoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant by rapid mRNA immunization of humanized mice
Authors: Ren Ping , Peng Lei , Fang Zhenhao , Suzuki Kazushi , Renauer Paul , Lin Qianqian , Bai Meizhu , Yang Luojia , Li Tongqing , Clark Paul , Klein Daryl , Chen Sidi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) of SARS-CoV-2 rapidly becomes dominant globally. Its extensive mutations confer severe efficacy reduction to most of existing antibodies or vaccines. Here, we developed RAMIHM, a highly efficient strategy to generate fully human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), directly applied it with Omicron-mRNA immunization, and isolated three potent and specific clones against Omicron. Rapid mRNA immunization elicited strong anti-Omicron antibody response in humanized mice, along with broader anti-coronavirus activity. Customized single cell BCR sequencing mapped the clonal repertoires. Top-ranked clones collectively from peripheral blood, plasma B and memory B cell populations showed high rate of Omicron-specificity (93.3%) from RAMIHM-scBCRseq. Clone-screening identified three highly potent neutralizing antibodies that have low nanomolar affinity for Omicron RBD, and low ng/mL level IC50 in neutralization, more potent than majority of currently approved or authorized clinical RBD-targeting mAbs. These lead mAbs are fully human and ready for downstream IND-enabling and/or translational studies.
Two different phospholipases C, Isc1 and Pgc1, cooperate to regulate mitochondrial function
Authors: Maria Balazova , Lenka Babelova , Ivana Durisova , Petra Vesela , Paulina Kanovicova , Jakub Zahumensky , Jan Malinsky 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAbsence of Isc1, the yeast homologue of mammalian neutral sphingomyelinase type 2, leads to severe mitochondrial dysfunction. We show that deletion of another type-C phospholipase, the phosphatidylglycerol (PG)-specific Pgc1, rescues this defect. Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) levels and cytochrome c oxidase activity, reduced in isc1Δ cells, were restored to wild-type levels in the pgc1Δisc1Δ mutant. Pgc1 substrate, PG, inhibited in vitro activity of Isc1 and phosphatidylserine decarboxylase Psd1, an enzyme crucial for PE biosynthesis. We also identify a mechanism by which the balance between the current demand for PG and its consumption is controlled. We document that the product of PG hydrolysis, diacylglycerol, competes with the substrate of PG-phosphate synthase, Pgs1, and thereby inhibits the biosynthesis of excess PG. This feedback loop does not work in the absence of Pgc1, which catalyzes PG degradation. Finally, Pgc1 activity is partially inhibited by products of Isc1-mediated hydrolysis. The described functional interconnection of the two phospholipases contributes significantly to lipid homeostasis throughout the cellular architecture.SummaryThe coordinated action of two different type-C phospholipases is documented, which provides a balance between mitochondrial phospholipid biosynthesis and sphingolipid metabolism. The regulatory role of specific lipids, phosphatidylglycerol, diacylglycerol and ceramide in this process is demonstrated.
Designing and evaluating falls prevention education with residents and staff in aged care homes: a feasibility study
Authors: Francis-Coad Jacqueline , Watts Tessa , Bulsara Caroline , Hill Anne-Marie 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to co-design a falls prevention education programme with aged care home residents and staff and evaluate its feasibility. The intention of providing the education programme was to assist residents to stay safe and mobile whilst reducing their risk of falling.Design/methodology/approachA two-phase mixed methods participatory design using a resident (n = 6) and care staff (n = 5) consumer engagement panel, pre- and post-programme resident (n = 35) survey and semi-structured care staff interviews (n = 8) was undertaken in two countries.FindingsA poster, brochure, video and staff education guide featuring 12 safety messages depicting fall prevention behaviours were co-designed. Residents, supported by staff, perceived the falls prevention education programme as enjoyable and informative, but there were no significant differences in capability, opportunity or motivation. However, several residents were observed enacting fall prevention behaviours such as “If I feel unwell, I'll ring the bell” and waiting for staff assistance. Challenges to programme demand, acceptability and implementation which may have impacted residents' exposure and engagement with the programme were identified, along with recommendations to improve feasibility.Practical implicationsWhen developing falls prevention education programmes partnering with residents and staff, providing choices to meet personal and aesthetic preferences along with frequent, shorter duration learning opportunities are important for translating education messages into actions.Originality/valueThe use of bespoke resources, novel rhymes, positive messages emphasising safety and co-designing with residents themselves was a welcomed point of programme difference.
Personality matters: does an individual's personality affect adoption and continued use of green banking channels?
Authors: Malik Garima , Singh Dharmendra 
Published: March 2022

PurposeTechnology has revolutionized banking, and “green banking” has been the most recent phenomenon to have caught the financial world's attention. In this paper, the authors look at how personality traits of individuals influence their adoption and continued use of green banking channels. The authors also propose a comprehensive model integrating the “big five” personality traits (conscientiousness, agreeableness, extraversion, openness and neuroticism) into the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), along with expectation confirmation theory. The integrated proposed model is used in this longitudinal study to predict the continued use of green banking channels once adopted.Design/methodology/approachThe authors collected data during two time periods about 24 weeks apart from 826 green banking channel users from different regions in India. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling.FindingsThe authors found that traits of agreeableness, conscientiousness and extraversion favor an individual adopting green banking channels, while conscientiousness and openness were only associated with its perceived usefulness (PU).Research limitations/implicationsThe results offer valuable insights for understanding the adoption and use behavior of people regarding green banking channels. This study would help develop effective segmentation strategies for promoting green banking channels.Originality/valueBy incorporating the big five, along with TAM and Expectation Confirmation Model (ECM), coupled with “trust” as an additional construct, we believe that our study enlarges the boundaries of Information Technology (IT) theories, especially in the context of green banking channels. This study also contributes to advancing the personality theory by exploring how personality traits significantly relate to adopting and using green banking channels.
Transport in supply networks
Authors: Eriksson Victor , Dubois Anna , Hulthén Kajsa 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to analyse how transport activities are embedded in supply chains and networks.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is empirically grounded in a single case study that describes and analyses a supply chain of a particular product, Geocloth, focussing on how transport activities are organised in the supply network.FindingsThe paper concludes that transport activities are embedded in two related settings – the supply chain setting and the transport network setting – with implications for how adjustments can be made to increase transport performance. Furthermore, the paper shows how transport performance can be analysed as a function of how business relationships are connected vertically (i.e. how transport activities are sequentially connected within supply chains) and horizontally (i.e. how transport activities are connected across supply chains with regard to joint resource use).Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the understanding of how transport is integrated in supply networks by focussing on the connections between business relationships in supply chains and by pointing to how transport activities are embedded both in supply chain settings and in transport network settings.
Business strategy and classification shifting: Indian evidence
Authors: Bansal Manish , Bashir Hajam Abid 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the impact of business strategy on the classification shifting practices of Indian firms.Design/methodology/approachThe study considered cost leadership and differentiation strategy. Two forms of classification shifting, namely, expense misclassification and revenue misclassification have been examined in this study. Panel data regression models are used to analyze the data for this study.FindingsThe results show that managers of cost leadership strategy firms are more likely to be engaged in expense misclassification, whereas firms following differentiation strategy are likely to be engaged in revenue misclassification. Subsequent tests of this study suggest that firms following a hybrid strategy (mix of cost leadership and differentiation) prefer revenue misclassification over expense misclassification for reporting inflated operating performance. These results imply that firms prefer the shifting tool based on the ease and need of each shifting strategy. These results are consistent with several robustness measures.Practical implicationsThe results suggest that investors should understand business strategy before developing insights about the accounting quality of firms. Investors should conduct a comprehensive review of income statement items before using items for portfolio evaluation.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to examine the association between business strategy and classification shifting.