bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HuR Affects the Radiosensitivity of Esophageal Cancer by Regulating the EMT-Related Protein Snail
Authors: Hu Yan , Li Qing , Yi Ke , Yang Chi , Lei Qingjun , Wang Guanghui , Wang Qianyun , Xu Xiaohui 
Published: May 2022

PurposeWe previously found that Hu antigen R (HuR) can regulate the proliferation and metastasis of esophageal cancer cells. This study aims to explore the effects of HuR on the radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer.Materials and MethodAnalyses of CCK-8, colony formation assay, Western blot, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial membrane potential were conducted to characterize the esophageal cancer cells. Nude mouse models were used to detect the effects of HuR in a combination of X-ray treatment on the subcutaneous xenografts of esophageal cancer. In addition, a luciferase assay was used to detect the direct interaction of HuR with Snail mRNA 3’-UTR.ResultsThe down-regulation of HuR combined with X-ray can significantly inhibit the proliferation and colony formation of esophageal cancer cells. Flow cytometry data showed that the down-regulation of HuR could induce a G1 phase cell cycle block in esophageal cancer cells, and aggravate X-ray-induced apoptosis, indicated by the increases of apoptosis-related proteins Bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9. Moreover, the down-regulation of HuR could significantly impair the mitochondrial membrane potential and increase the ROS production and DNA double-strand break marker γH2AX expression in esophageal cancer cells that were exposed to X-rays. In vivo data showed that the down-regulation of HuR combined with radiation significantly decreased the growth of subcutaneous xenograft tumors. Furthermore, HuR could interact with Snail. Up-regulation of Snail can reverse the EMT inhibitory effects caused by HuR down-regulation, and attenuate the tumor-inhibiting and radiosensitizing effects caused by HuR down-regulation.ConclusionIn summary, our data demonstrate that HuR effectively regulates the radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer, which may be achieved by stabilizing Snail. Thus, HuR/Snail axis is a potentially therapeutic target for the treatment of esophageal cancer.
Prevalence of Sensitization to Aeroallergens in Greater Beijing Region Children With Respiratory Allergy
Authors: Guan Kai , Zhu Wenjing , Sha Li , Liu Chuanhe , Zhao Jing , Yin Jia , Chen Yuzhi 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the prevalence and distribution of sensitization to aeroallergens in children with atopic diseases.MethodsWe conducted skin prick test on 9,527 pediatric patients (aged 0–17 years) with atopic diseases in allergy department of Children's Hospital affiliated with the Capital Institute of Pediatrics. Positive rates of aeroallergens were compared among the different groups.ResultsBoys (69.5%) had a higher positive rate in SPT results than girls (59.8%; χ2 = 91.7, P &lt; 0.01), and the prevalence of sensitization to aeroallergens increased from 56.1% in the 0–5 year group, to 73.0% in patients above 12 years. Japanese hop (36.2%) and D. farinae (28.1%) were the most common outdoor and indoor aeroallergens, respectively. From low to high age groups, the positive detection rates of D. farinae were 20.3, 30.6, and 33.5%, respectively, followed by D. pteronyssinus (15.7, 24.8, and 30.0%) and cat dander (8.6, 19.8, and 27.9%, respectively), while dog dander and cockroach showed the same trend. The top three positive detection rates of outdoor aeroallergens were Alternaria (30.9%), Japanese Hop (26.7%), and Artemisia (23.7%) in the preschool age group. With regard to patients aged 6 to 11 years, the three most common were Japanese hop (39.2%), Alternaria (36.4%), and Fraxinus pollen (34.4%). Japanese hop (43.8%), Sabina (41.1%), and birch pollen (39.6%) became increasingly common allergens among adolescents. There were more patients with strongly positive reactions to Alternaria in AS (χ2 = 10.2, P &lt; 0.01) and AS with AR groups (χ2 =9.7, P &lt; 0.01) than those in the AR group. Asthmatic patients had significantly higher multiple positive reactions than those with AR (P &lt; 0.01). Asthmatic patients had a much higher prevalence of HDM, animal dander, and Alternaria than those with allergic rhinitis (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe prevalence of sensitization to aeroallergens increased with age in children with atopic diseases in Greater Beijing Region. Alternaria was the predominant allergen before 5 years of age, and tree pollen had delayed sensitization in adolescents. Sensitization to perennial allergens such as HDM, cats, and Alternaria was more strongly associated with asthma risk. Sensitization to more than one allergen significantly affected asthmatic patients.
Consideration in Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial on Neck Pain to Avoid the Placebo Effect in Analgesic Action
Authors: Sun Yue-Li , Yao Min , Zhu Yue-Feng , Yin Meng-Chen , Liu Jin-Tao , Chen Xin , Huang Jin , Dai Yu-Xiang , Wang Wen-Hao , Ma Zeng-Bin , Wang Yong-Jun , Cui Xue-Jun 
Published: May 2022

Background: In neck pain treatment, many therapies are focused on etiology, while it is well-known that placebo analgesia is also present in these therapies. The specific efficacy for etiology may be underestimated by ignoring their actual placebo effect. In this study, a logistic regression analysis is used to explore the risk factors causing different placebo responses in patients with neck pain among two RCTs. The probability of the placebo effect is predicted based on these risk factors.Methods: Trial A and Trial B were similarly designed, randomized, double-/single-blind, placebo-controlled trials in patients treating neck pain with Qishe pill or Shi-style manipulation. Both studies set a placebo pill twice a day or traction for every other day as control. For further analyses on the placebo effect in neck pain management, logistic regression was used to assess subgroup-placebo interactions. The odds ratio assessed a significant influence on the placebo effect.Results: In this pooled analysis, the total number of patients recruited for these two studies was 284, of which 162 patients received placebo treatment (placebo drug or traction for every other day). No statistically significant differences are found at baseline between the participants with placebo effect and non-placebo effect in the gender, age, and disease duration except in VAS and NDI at the initial time. There are numerically more patients with placebo effect in the shorter disease duration subgroup (&lt; 4 months [76%]), higher initial VAS subgroup (&gt;60 mm [90%]), and worse initial NDI subgroup (&gt;24 [72%]) compared with the gender and age subgroup. An ROC curve is established to assess the model-data fit, which shows an area under the curve of 0.755 and a 95% confidence interval of 0.677–0.830. Participants who show placebo effect after 2 weeks have significantly lower VAS scores after 4 weeks, while there is no significant difference in NDI improvement between the two groups after 4 weeks.Conclusion: Neck pain patients with shorter disease duration are more likely to overscore their pain severity, because of their less experience in pain perception, tolerance, and analgesia expectation.
First-In-Human Study on Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Tolerability of Single and Multiple Escalating Doses of Hepenofovir, a Novel Hepatic Targeting Prodrug of Tenofovir in Healthy Chinese Subjects
Authors: Zhang Hong , Gao Lei , Lou Jinfeng , Wu Min , Chen Hong , Yang Lizhi , Liu Jingrui , Zhu Xiaoxue , Li Xiaojiao , Li Cuiyun , Wang Meng , Liu Chengjiao , Guo Weibo , Wang Yuan , Gao Zhongqiang , Han Lei , Wang Daidi , Jin Weili , Ding Yanhua 
Published: May 2022

Objective: Hepenofovir, a novel hepatic targeting prodrug of tenofovir, has been developed for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This is a first-in-human study to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK) and tolerability of single and multiple escalating doses of hepenofovir in healthy Chinese subjects.Methods: This phase Ia study included two parts: a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled single-ascending-dose (SAD) (25–200 mg) study under fasted conditions comprising a food-effect investigation (200 mg) and a multiple-ascending-dose (MAD) (25 mg) study under fasted conditions.Results: Hepenofovir was well tolerated in healthy Chinese subjects. There was no significant difference in adverse reaction rates between hepenofovir and placebo groups. Hepenofovir was rapidly absorbed and metabolized into tenofovir after dosing. In healthy participants, the median Tmax of hepenofovir and tenofovir was 0.33–0.50 h and 0.62–0.75 h, respectively, and their mean half-life was 2.5–12.3 h and 49.7–53.8 h, respectively. Systemic exposure to tenofovir increased in proportion to the dose. The mean accumulation indexes of hepenofovir and tenofovir were 1.1 vs. 1.8. Moreover, food could reduce the Cmax of both hepenofovir and tenofovir, but did not affect their area under the curve (AUC).Conclusions: Hepenofovir has shown a favorable safety and PK profile, which support the further evaluation of its safety and efficacy in CHB patients.Clinical trial registration number: The trial is registered at Chinese Clinical Trial website (http://www.chinadrugtrials.org.cn/index.html # CTR20191953).
Second-Generation Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics and the Risk of Treatment Failure in a Population-Based Cohort
Authors: Janzen Donica , Bolton James M. , Leong Christine , Kuo I fan , Alessi-Severini Silvia 
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Second-generation long-acting injectable antipsychotics (SG-LAIAs) may improve outcomes compared to other antipsychotics. Real-world studies using linked administrative databases play an important role in assessing the comparative effectiveness of antipsychotic medications.Methods: We used a prevalent new-user design in a population-based cohort of antipsychotic users with diagnosis of a psychotic disorder to compare the primary outcome of treatment failure, defined as psychiatric hospitalization, completed suicide, incarceration, or treatment discontinuation. Additional outcomes were all-cause mortality. SG-LAIA users were matched on a 1:1 basis with other antipsychotic users based on the time-conditional propensity score, calendar time, and prior antipsychotic exposure.Results: The use of LAIAs was not associated with a lower risk of treatment failure than other antipsychotics (adjusted hazard ratio 1.07 and 95% confidence interval 0.98–1.15) but did reduce all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 0.69 and 95% confidence interval 0.48–0.99). Monotherapy with LAIAs was superior to other antipsychotic monotherapy (adjusted hazard ratio for treatment failure 0.83 and 95% confidence interval 0.78–0.89), and LAIAs were superior to other antipsychotics in antipsychotic-naïve users (adjusted hazard ratio for treatment failure 0.57 and 95% confidence interval 0.47–0.70).Conclusion: In this population-based cohort, SG-LAIAs reduced the risk of treatment failure in incident new users but not in prevalent new users.
Combined Administration of Curcumin and Chondroitin Sulfate Alleviates Cartilage Injury and Inflammation via NF-κB Pathway in Knee Osteoarthritis Rats
Authors: Guan Ting , Ding Liu-Gang , Lu Bao-Yuan , Guo Jia-Yi , Wu Mei-Yin , Tan Zhi-Qun , Hou Shao-Zhen 
Published: May 2022

Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative chronic disease that most often occurs in the knee joint. Studies have shown that some food supplements, such as curcumin and chondroitin sulfate, are effective in treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA) by exhibiting different protective effects. In this study, we further investigated the combined therapeutic effects of curcumin and chondroitin sulfate on cartilage injury in rats with arthritis.Methods: An experimental KOA model was induced by monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) in rats. All rats were randomly divided into five groups: Ctrl (control), model (saline), Cur (20 mg/kg curcumin in saline), CS (100 mg/kg chondroitin sulfate in saline), and CA (20 mg/kg curcumin and 100 mg/kg chondroitin sulfate in saline); drugs were given 2 weeks after MIA injection. The histomorphological changes of cartilage were observed by safranin fast green staining, H&amp;E staining, and micro-CT scanning. Also, the levels of PGE2, TNF-α and IL-1β in the arthral fluid and serum were determined by the ELISA kits. The activities of SOD, CAT, COMP, MMP-3, and type II collagen were detected by biochemical kits. The expressions of TLR4, p-NF-κB, NF-κB, and COX-2 in cartilage were detected by Western blot.Results: Data show that serum levels of IL-1β (p &lt; 0.05), SOD (p &lt; 0.0001), and MMP-3 (p &lt; 0.001) were downregulated significantly in the CA group when compared to those in the model group. Meanwhile, obvious repair of cartilage with higher contains collagen II (p &lt; 0.0001) could be observed in the CA group than the ones in Cur or CS group. In addition, significant downregulation of the expression of p-p65/p65 (p &lt; 0.05) was found in the CA group.Conclusion: Our findings showed that combined administration of curcumin and chondroitin sulfate could exert better repair for KOA in rat models. This may hold great promise for discovering potential drugs to treat KOA and may improve treatment options for it.
Imaging Low-Energy Ion Outflow in the Auroral Zone
Authors: Rowland Douglas , Collier Michael , Keller John , Pfaff Robert , Klenzing Jeffrey , McLain Jason , Clemmons James , Hecht James 
Published: May 2022

The VISualizing Ion Outflow via Neutral atom imaging during a Substorm (VISIONS) sounding rocket mission investigated the factors leading to ion outflow following a geomagnetic substorm. In situ and remote sensing instrumentation provided complementary measurements that have been combined to yield an in-depth look at the phenomena associated with ion outflow. In particular, the inclusion of instrumentation that provided high spatial and temporal resolution “images” of low-energy neutral atom (ENA) emissions from the nightside auroral zone following a substorm has led to new insights. The observed ENAs were spatially structured, and strongly associated with regions of intense 630.0 nm auroral emissions. The ENAs in the auroral zone were predominantly up-going, consistent with thick-target scattering in the region where the ENA mean free path is close to or less than the atmospheric scale height.
DYNAMICS OF MILK YIELD AND PRODUCTIVE LIFE OF COWS-DAUGHTERS OF BULLS-PRODUCERS OF DIFFERENT GENOTYPES IN THE HERD OF THE YAROSLAVL BREED
Authors: СУДАРЕВ Н.П. , АБЫЛКАСЫМОВ Д. , АБРАМЯН А.С. , АБРАМПАЛЬСКАЯ О.В. , БУГРОВ П.С. 
Published: May 2022

В статье рассмотрены вопросы возрастной динамики удоя и срок продуктивного использования коров — дочерей быков-производителей разных генотипов в стаде племенного репродуктора ярославской породы. Проведен сравнительный анализ по данным признакам 633 выбывших дочерей 17 быков-производителей. Общее число лактаций всех коров составило 2656, или в среднем 1 корова имела 4,20 лактации. Среди анализируемых быков отмечали производителей, дочери которых использовались на протяжении 3 лактаций. У 5 быков отмечено продуктивное использование дочерей (более 80%) в течение 4 лактаций. Четверо из них являются чистопородными ярославскими производителями. В целом оцениваемые быки-производители, в том числе отдельно чистопородные ярославские, по сохранности дочерей до определенной лактации распределились следующим образом: до 3-х лактаций использовались потомки 7 быков, в том числе 3 — ярославской породы; от 7-ми и более лактаций имели дочери одного из чистопородных ярославских производителей. У дочерей от быков ярославской породы более низкий удой сопровождался продолжительным сроком продуктивного использования, причем более длительное время использовались менее продуктивные потомки, то есть сохранность коров до определенной лактации зависела и от уровня раздоя первотелок.
The article deals with the issues of age dynamics of milk yield and the period of productive use of cows - daughters of bulls-producers of different genotypes in the Yaroslavl breed in the conditions of a pedigree breeding. A comparative analysis was carried out according to these characteristics 633 culled daughters from 17 breeding bulls. The total number of lactation of all cows was 2656, or on average, one cow used 4.20 lactation. Among the analyzed bulls, there were producers whose daughters were used during the first three lactation periods. From five bulls, productive use of daughters (more than 80%) was noted during four lactation periods. Four of these bulls are clean bred Yaroslavl. In general, the estimated bulls are producers, including separately purebred Yaroslavl, according to the safety of the daughters before a certain lactation , they were distributed as follows: up to 3 lactations, the descendants of 7 bulls were used, including 3 Yaroslavl bulls; from 7 or more lactations, the daughters of the only purebred Yaroslavl producer had. In the daughters of cleanbred Yaroslavl bulls, a lower yield is accompanied by a long period of productive use, moreover, less productive descendants are used for a longer time, that is, the safety of cows up to a certain lactation depended on the level milking of cow of the first lactation.
Mobility enhancement in heavily doped 4H-SiC (0001), (112̄0), and (11̄00) MOSFETs via an oxidation-minimizing process
Authors: Tachiki Keita , Mikami Kyota , Ito Koji , Kaneko Mitsuaki , Kimoto Tsunenobu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The effects of a process that minimizes oxidation of SiC on the channel mobility of heavily doped 4H-SiC (0001), (112̄0) and (11̄00) metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) were investigated. High field-effect mobilities were obtained for these MOSFETs even when the acceptor concentration of the p-body (N
A) exceeded 1 × 1018 cm−3. The field-effect mobility for the (0001) MOSFETs reached 25 cm2 V−1 s−1 (N
A = 1 × 1018 cm−3). The fabricated (11

2

¯

0) and (1

1

¯

00) MOSFETs showed very high channel mobilities of 125 cm2 V−1 s−1 (N
A = 1 × 1018 cm−3) and 80 cm2 V−1 s−1 (N
A = 5 × 1018 cm−3), respectively.
Inisiasi Konstruksi Rekonstruksi Aplikasi Dan Refleksi (IKRAR): Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas XI IPA pada Materi Hidrolisis Garam
Authors: Reski Queen Tri 
Published: May 2022

Tujuan penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggunakan model IKRAR akan menghasilkan siswa yang memiliki kompetensi berfikir tingkat tinggi yang lebih baik dari pada model pembelajaran pemecahan masalah tanpa model IKRAR.
Metodologi: Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah eksperimen kuasi dengan pertimbangan sulitnya pengontrolan terhadap semua variabel yang mempengaruhi variabel yang sedang diteliti. Dengan pola nonequivalent control group design (pretest-postest yang tidak ekuivalen).
Temuan utama: Hasil dari analisis data yang dilakukan terhadap hasil tes awal dan tes akhir, didapat thitung = 2,55 dan ttabel = 1,671; dengan ơ = 5% dan dk = karena thitung > ttabel, sesuai kriteria pengujian maka Ha diterima. Dimana diperoleh nilai rata-rata pada kelas eksperimen pada saat tes awal adalah 26,11 sementara nilai rata-rata pada kelas kontrol pada saat tes awal adalah 25,83. Sementara itu, nilai rata-rata siswa di kelas eksperimen saat tes akhir adalah 71,62.

Keterbaruan penelitian: Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan model IKRAR dengan model DI pada siswa kelas XI IPA SMA Islam Al-Falah Jambi dalam materi hidrolisis garam, dimana hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan model IKRAR lebih baik daripada model DI. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari rata-rata peningkatan antara tes kemampuan awal (pretest) dan tes kemampuan akhir (posstest) hasil belajar siswa, yaitu di kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dibandingkan nilai tes akhir siswa di kelas kontrol
Model Pembelajaran Peta Pikiran (Mind Mapping): Motivasi Dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Materi Aritmatika Sosial Dan Perbandingan
Authors: Triwahyuni  
Published: May 2022

Tujuan penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan model pembelajaran peta pikiran (mind mapping) terhadap motivasi dan hasil belajar pada materi aritmatika sosial dan perbandingan dikelas VII SMP Negeri 24 Kota Jambi.
Metodologi: Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah posttest only control design dan pemberian angket motivasi dengan dua kelas sampel yang masing-masing diberi angket motivasi dan posttest. Sampel yang diteliti sebanyak 65 siswa terdiri dari 32 siswa kelas eksperimen dan 33 siswa kelas kontrol. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan angket, soal tes dan lembar observasi.
Temuan utama: Data yang diperoleh dianalisis untuk mengetahui perbedaan rata-rata digunakan uji-t dua pihak, antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol untuk angket motivasi diperoleh thitung>ttabel yaitu 6,4609 > 1,670. artinya H1 diterima, yaitu terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara penerapan model pembelajaran peta pikiran (mind mapping) dan model pembelajaran langsung terhadap motivasi belajar siswa materi aritmatika sosial dan perbandingan dikelas VII SMP N 24 Kota Jambi. Hal ini sejalan dengan hasil analisis tes hasil belajar yang dianalisis menggunakan uji-t dua pihak, antara kelas ekperimen dan kelas kontrol diperoleh thitung > ttabel yaitu 4,1970 > 1,6703. Artinya H1 diterima, yaitu terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara penerapan model pembelajaran peta pikiran (mind mapping) terhadap hasil belajar siswa materi aritmatika sosial dan perbandingan dikelas VII SMP N 24 Kota Jambi.
Keterbaruan penelitian: Penelitian ini memperkuat adanya pengaruh antara motivasi terhadap hasil belajar, terkhusus pada pelajaran matematika materi aritmatika sosial dan perbandingan.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Group Investigation Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Pada Materi Kimia Unsur
Authors: Jami Jami 
Published: May 2022

Tujuan penelitian: Penelitian tentang analisis penerapan model pembelajaran group investigation pada materi kimia unsur dan pengaruhnya terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa yang bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pelaksanaan model tersebut terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas XII di MAN 1 Tanjung Jabung Timur.
Metodologi: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif korelasional dengan desain mix method jenis concurrent embedded. Sampel ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling dengan pertimbangan pakar. Instrumen penelitian berupa lembar observasi untuk keterlaksanaan model group investigation dan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Analisis data dilakukan untuk melihat pengaruh keterlaksanaan model GI terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dilakukan dengan uji Bivariate Pearson dan uji signifikansi melalui uji t.
Temuan utama: Keterlaksanaan model GI dikategorikan baik, ditinjau dari guru dan siswa dengan rata-rata 78,55% dan 74,5%. Hasil uji kesamaan dua rata-rata data keterlaksanaan model oleh guru dan siswa diperoleh thitung = 0,5015 dan ttabel = 4,3. Kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa diketegorikan baik dengan rata-rata untuk dua kali pertemuan adalah 72,65%. Hasil uji korelasi antara keterlaksanaan model GI oleh siswa dengan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa diperoleh rxy=0,710. Hasil uji normalitas dan homogenitas menunjukkan data normal dan homogen. Hasil uji signifikasi diperoleh thitung = 5,878 dan ttabel = 2,032 dengan dk =34 dan α = 0,05. Uji hipotesis menunjukkan thitung>ttabel (5,878> 2,032). Hasil Penelitian membuktikan bahwa keterlaksanaan model pembelajaran group investigation berjalan dengan baik dan terdapat pengaruh antara keterlaksanaan model pembelajaran group investigation dengan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada materi kimia unsur kelas XII di MAN 1 Tanjung Jabung Timur
Keterbaruan penelitian: Penelitian ini memperkuat adanya pengaruh yang signifikan antara model GI terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa, terkhusus pada pelajaran kimia.