bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A feasibility pilot trial of a peer-support educational behavioral intervention to improve diabetes medication adherence in African Americans
Authors: Shiyanbola Olayinka O. , Maurer Martha , Mott Mattigan , Schwerer Luke , Sarkarati Nassim , Sharp Lisa K. , Ward Earlise 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
African Americans are twice as likely to die from diabetes, compared to other racial and ethnic groups in the USA. Poor adherence to diabetes medications is common among African Americans and contributes to these disproportionally worse outcomes. A pilot study was conducted to determine the feasibility and acceptability of a peer-supported intervention targeting diabetes and medication beliefs, communication, and self-efficacy skills to enhance medication adherence among African Americans with type 2 diabetes.

Methods
Based on the extended self-regulatory model and information-motivation-behavioral skills model, this intervention was piloted using a single group pre/post-intervention study design at two sites. Seventeen African Americans who self-reported as adherent to diabetes medicines (ambassadors) were paired with 22 African Americans with self-reported poor medication adherence (buddies). Feasibility outcomes evaluated recruitment, retention, and intervention adherence. Measures assessed at baseline and 1-month post-intervention included glycemic control (hemoglobin A1c), self-reported medication adherence, diabetes beliefs, concerns about diabetes medicines, and diabetes self-efficacy. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests assessed for differences in mean scores of outcome variables at baseline compared with a 3-month follow-up. Semi-structured 60-min interviews were conducted with each buddy to explore their acceptability of the intervention. To ensure the rigor of the qualitative data, we focused on analytic criteria such as credibility, confirmability, and transferability.

Results
Most buddies and ambassadors were female and about 56 years old. Feasibility outcomes included recruitment success rates of 73% for buddies and 85% for ambassadors relative to our goals. Retention rate for hemoglobin A1c and medication adherence outcome assessment was 95% for buddies. Both buddies and ambassadors had excellent intervention adherence, with buddies having a mean attendance of 7.76 out of 8 sessions/phone calls and ambassadors completing > 99% of the 105 intervention calls with Buddies. Results showed a signal of change in hemoglobin A1c (effect size = 0.14) and medication adherence (effect size = 0.35) among buddies, reduction in buddies’ negative beliefs about diabetes and an increase in necessity beliefs of diabetes medicines. Summative interviews with buddies showed they valued ambassador’s encouragement of self-management behaviors.

Conclusions
Results support conduct of an efficacy trial to address medication adherence for African Americans with type 2 diabetes using a peer-supported tailored intervention.

Trial registration
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04028076.
Is mobile game-based learning effective for international adults learning Maltese?
Authors: Żammit Jacqueline 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe EULALIA (Enhancing University Language courses with an App powered by game-based learning and tangible user interface activities) project aimed to enhance the learning methodologies of four university language courses for Erasmus students in Italy, Malta, Poland and Spain by developing innovative and effective learning tools based on mobile and game-based learning paradigms and the use of tangible user interfaces. This study focuses on Malta by providing an in-depth view of the impact of game-based applications on enhancing international adult learning of Maltese as a second language (ML2). The findings encourage international adult students to learn ML2 through a game-based application to aid in increasing cultural awareness and better communication with locals. As part of the methodology, pre-surveys and post-surveys were used on a test group comprising 28 pre-surveyed and 9 post-surveyed ML2 adult learners who used the app and a reference group of 24 pre-surveyed and 23 post-surveyed ML2 learners who did not use the app. The results revealed that according to the participants, game-based learning did not improve cognitive function even though the learners were more engaged in language activities, and thus could process and absorb a wider range of information. The research found that game-based learning did not have a statistically significant effect on adult learners’ language proficiency and digital skills.
Watch for tachycardia
Authors: Galgut Oliver , Le Page Pierre , Mitchell Andrew R. J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Wearable devices capable of measuring health metrics are becoming increasingly prevalent. Most work has investigated the potential for these devices in the context of atrial fibrillation, our case highlights the potential of wearable devices across a wider range of arrhythmia.

Case presentation
A 51-year-old woman was referred to the cardiology clinic for an assessment of symptoms of intermittent exertional shortness of breath and palpitation. The patient was otherwise fit and well, took limited alcohol and no caffeine, and was a never smoker. There was no family history of heart disease. Physical examination in clinic was unremarkable, and a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), seven-day ambulatory ECG, exercise stress ECG, and trans-thoracic echocardiogram were all normal. During a severe episode the patient recorded an ECG using an Apple Watch (Apple Inc, California, USA). This was forwarded to the patient’s cardiologist, who suspected a broad complex tachycardia and organised an urgent follow-up appointment. A further 72-h Holter ECG monitor showed frequent sustained periods of monomorphic ventricular tachycardia, confirming the watch findings. The patient was started on beta blocker therapy with a rapid improvement in symptoms.

Conclusions
Current smartwatch technology can reliably identify irregular rhythms and can distinguish atrial fibrillation from sinus rhythm, with emerging evidence supporting detection of other cardiovascular diseases, including medical emergencies. There may also be a role for wearable devices in screening young populations for predictors of sudden cardiac death. At present device outputs require clinician interpretation, but in the future patients may present to primary or secondary care with a firm diagnosis of arrhythmia and may already be making wearable device guided behaviour changes.
Teaching distinguishing semiological features improves diagnostic accuracy of seizure-like events by emergency physicians
Authors: Grönheit Wenke , Behrens Vanessa , Liakina Tatjana , Kellinghaus Christoph , Noachtar Soheyl , Popkirov Stoyan , Wehner Tim , Brammen Eva , Wellmer Jörg 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Misdiagnosis of seizure-like events (SLE) in emergency situations is common. Here, we evaluate whether a single, video-based lesson highlighting distinguishing semiological features can improve the diagnostic accuracy of emergency physicians for epileptic seizures (ES), psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) and syncopes (SY).

Methods
40 emergency physicians (24 anesthetists, nine surgeons and seven internal medicine specialists by primary specialty) participated in a prospective trial on the diagnostic accuracy of SLE. They assessed video-displayed SLE at two time points: before and after a lecture on distinguishing semiological features. In the lecture, semiological features were demonstrated using patient videos, some were acted by the instructor in addition. The increase in correct diagnoses and recognition of distinguishing semiological features were analyzed.

Results
Before the lesson, 45% of 200 SLE-ratings were correct: 15% of SY (n = 40), 30% of PNES (n = 40), 59% of ES (n = 120, focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures (FBTCS) 87.5% (n = 40), focal impaired aware seizures (FIAS) 45% (n = 80)). Semiology teaching increased both the rate of correct diagnoses of SLE to overall 79% (p < 0.001) (ES 91% (p < 0.001), FBCTS 98% (n.s.), FIAS 88% (p < 0.001), PNES 88% (p < 0.001), SY 35% (p < 0.001)), and the number of recognized distinguishing semiological features. We identified several semiological features with high entity specific positive predictive values (> 0.8).

Conclusions
A single 45-min video-based lesson highlighting distinguishing semiological features improves the diagnostic accuracy of ES, PNES and SY by emergency physicians. We expect that including this aspect into the curriculum of emergency physicians will lead to better individual patient treatment in pre-hospital medicine and more appropriate subsequent use of clinical resources.
Poxvirus under the eyes of electron microscope
Authors: Hyun Jaekyung 
Published: November 2022

AbstractZoonotic poxvirus infections pose significant threat to human health as we have witnessed recent spread of monkeypox. Therefore, insights into molecular mechanism behind poxvirus replication cycle are needed for the development of efficient antiviral strategies. Virion assembly is one of the key steps that determine the fate of replicating poxviruses. However, in-depth understanding of poxvirus assembly is challenging due to the complex nature of multi-step morphogenesis and heterogeneous virion structures. Despite these challenges, decades of research have revealed virion morphologies at various maturation stages, critical protein components and interactions with host cell compartments. Transmission electron microscopy has been employed as an indispensable tool for the examination of virion morphology, and more recently for the structure determination of protein complexes. In this review, we describe some of the major findings in poxvirus morphogenesis and the contributions of continuously advancing electron microscopy techniques.
An Ecocritical Look at Flint's Water Crisis and Afro-Gothic Liquidity
Authors: Thomas Tashima 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In 2014, as a cost-saving measure, Flint, Michigan, switched its water supply to the Flint River — the unofficial toxic waste disposal site for meatpacking plants, car factories, and lumber and paper mills, as well as the city's depository of agricultural and urban runoff and untreated raw sewage. In what may be viewed as the Gothic trope of the “poisoned well,” the Flint water crisis has directly affected a mostly African American population where 45 percent of Flint's residents are living below the poverty line. This essay positions the Flint water crisis in conversation with artist Pope.L, who in 2017 created an installation/performance/marketplace in which he bottled the noxious water shuttled to Flint residents and sold it to willing buyers. I consider the aesthetics and performativity of Pope.L's Flint Water Project alongside the nautical world-building of Drexciya and the aquatic hybrid figures in Wangechi Mutu's work. This assembly offers a speculative approach to an Afro-Gothic liquidity through an understanding of black geophysics as an embodiment of alluvial monstrosities and aquatic refusals.
Revenant Motion
Authors: Cooksey Sybil Newton 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Through sensitive engagement with the experimental films of Arthur Jafa, the flex choreography of Storyboard P, and performance of #BlackLivesMatter protests, this essay submits revenant motion as a concept through which to think about black being and phenomenology in this era. The entwined reflections on black life, death, and aesthetics offered up by Jafa, Claudia Rankine, Hortense Spillers, Elizabeth Alexander, and Sylvia Wynter shape these speculations toward a black creative, curatorial, and cultural practice attentive to the other(wise) worlds opened by uncanny reanimation. The suggestion here is that revenant motion might name a genre (à la Wynter) of the perennial danse macabre, which often figures Death dancing among the living as a reminder to too-worldly humans of its ever-presence and equalizing power. The creative and critical practices considered here also persistently foreground the melancholy possibilities and pleasures that our collective entanglements with black after/other/lives affords. This study of the macabre aesthetic as it manifests in latter-day memento mori sharpens our awareness of the proximity of horror and romance. In doing so it provides us with an occasion to think about how the gothic character of black life emerges in the sensual and sensorial performance of mourning and artful response to grief.
“Aestheticizing the Void”
Authors: Cooksey Sybil Newton , Thomas Tashima , Taylor Leila , Anderson Lea , Jennings John , Miller (DJ Spooky) Paul 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The roundtable gathers specialists dedicated to thinking through the Afro-Gothic as a conceptual approach to black aesthetics and as a theoretical framework. In the spirit of camaraderie and intellectual curiosity, contributors consider meanings of the Afro-Gothic from various disciplines and diasporic perspectives. The participants discuss the ways in which horror, haunting, the uncanny, the monstrous, and the fantastic are manifest in black aesthetics and, in doing so, they conceptualize Afro-Gothic, indicate how its tenets manifest in each of their work, and indicate directions for future study.
The Frontline War: A Case-control study of risk factors for COVID-19 among health care workers
Authors: Sukumar Cynthia Amrutha , Bolanthakodi Nandakrishna , Venkatramanan Aarthi , Nagraj Ravishankar , Vidyasagar Sudha 
Published: November 2022

Purpose: The global pandemic of COVID-19 has infected several people worldwide. World Health Organization(WHO) has reported that an alarming number of health care workers (HCWs) have been affected and have also succumbed to this disease. Though health infrastructure can be boosted in a short period, the number of HCWs cannot. Hence understanding the risk factors that the HCWs are exposed to and strategically protecting them is of paramount importance. Methods: A case-control retrospective study was carried out on 116 HCWs at a tertiary care hospital treating COVID-19 patients in South India. We attempted to investigate and stratify the specific risk factors for COVID-19 transmission among HCWs. Data was collected regarding their exposure to COVID-19 patients, infection control precautions used, possible breaches in the protocol, and details of Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) prophylaxis. Results: The demographics were equally distributed among the cases and controls. Exposure to surgical procedures on suspected/positive COVID patients was also found to affect contracting the COVID-19 illness. HCWs who wore face shields instead of eye goggles along with the use of scrubs and hospital gowns were found to have a lesser incidence of COVID-19 illness. Conclusion: This study helped us understand the varied risk factors that health care workers are exposed to while treating COVID-19 patients. It helped us contextualize and strategize our infection control practices to prevent further morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19.
Exploring causal relationships in proteomic profiles in Cytoscape using the CausalPath App
Authors: Saha Pritam , Babur Özgun , Sander Chris , Luna Augustin 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: CausalPath compares experimentally measured changes in molecular profiles against curated biological pathways and infers causality between changes in measured features from profiling experiments (e.g., RNA-seq or proteomics from total or phospho-protein levels). Methods: We developed the CausalPath Cytoscape App, an app (i.e., plugin) for visualizing results from the CausalPath method within the Cytoscape Java-based desktop network analysis and visualization platform. Use Cases: Users are given instruction that represents use cases in multiple cancer research areas through the visualization of CausalPath analysis results generated from data by the Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium. Discussion: The CausalPath Cytoscape App visualizes the set of known interactions that are supported by molecular profiling data via the CausalPath method. This integration of CausalPath and Cytoscape benefits users interested in performing secondary analyses (e.g., module detection) on the sub-networks that result from CausalPath analysis by utilizing the many analytical features available in the Cytoscape software ecosystem.
The COVID-19 third wave in Myanmar following the military coup
Authors:   Spring Research Team
Published: November 2022

Background: COVID-19 seriously hit Myanmar between June and August 2021, a few months after the military coup, though the first and second waves in 2020 were managed effectively by the government. People in Myanmar experienced serious consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic precipitated by the disorganized health system under the military junta. This study aimed to analyse the situation of COVID-19 occurrence and death proportions during its third wave in Myanmar. Methods: An online survey was conducted using a Google form. People with the symptoms of COVID-19 and those who died from COVID-19 between June and August 2021 were eligible to participate. The Google form was extracted into an Excel datasheet and analysed using Stata v16.1. Results: Among the 29,171 participants, 76.7% were over 30 years old and 56.4% were female. A majority of participants were from highly populated regions: Yangon (17,220; 59%) (Business capital), Mandalay (3,740; 12.8%) and Sagaing (1,546; 5.3%). Participants sought health care from telegram/other online services (34%), home care by health care providers (22%), private clinics (13%) and public hospitals run under the military junta (5%). Overall, 15% of participants died, of which, 72% occurred at home and 17% at public hospitals. Significantly higher proportions of deaths were seen among participants over 60 years than other age groups and males (p<0.001). Death proportions at different weeks from June to August 2021 ranged from 12.4% to 17.3%, much higher than the military junta’s reports. Overall, 25% of participants received oxygen therapy. Conclusions: Death proportions in different weeks were consistently over 12%. The majority of participants received tele/online and home treatment services. Most deaths occurred at home. Findings indicated the high COVID-19 case fatality rates with limited access to public hospital care during the third wave. The data suggests that the outcomes were adversely impacted by the military coup.
Perioperative care to patients living with HIV by theatre nurses at a South African tertiary hospital
Authors: Ngaledzani Rudzani Ifodia , Ndou-Mammbona Avhatakali Allga , Mavhandu-Mudzusi Azwihangwisi Helen 
Published: November 2022

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is one of the leading health challenges worldwide that influences the provision of quality patient care. Stigma and discrimination around this condition and the health care needs affect the health care provision. This study aimed to gain an in-depth understanding of theatre nurses’ experiences in providing perioperative to patients living with HIV at a tertiary hospital in South Africa. Methods: This study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Tshwane district, South Africa. The study was underpinned by an interpretative phenomenological analysis design. Data were collected from 10 criterion purposively selected theatre nurses using in-depth individual interviews. Data were thematically analyzed and guided by an interpretive phenomenological analysis framework for data analysis. Results: The study revealed that theatre nurses work in an under-resourced environment. The resources highlighted are human, materials, including personal protective equipment and life support. The situation negatively affects the perioperative care of HIV-positive patients, who are always prone to perioperative complications, such as profuse bleeding, and even death. The situation increases the occupational risk to the nurses. Conclusions: The researchers proposed several recommendations targeted at improving the resources needed by theatre nurses when caring for people living with HIV perioperatively at South African tertiary hospitals. Findings will add to the body of knowledge of the Nursing profession about offering perioperative care to persons living with HIV.
Diversity of functional edaphic macrofauna in Musa acuminata x Musa balbisiana (AAB) agroecosystems
Authors: Zúniga-Gonzalez C. A. , Caballero-Hernández A. J. 
Published: November 2022

Background: This study focused on evaluating the diversity and richness of the edaphic macrofauna in eight banana farms in the western zone of Nicaragua. Methods: The sampling design was random and descriptive, it was divided into two phases, the first was the collection of the sample, and the second was the classification, coding, and storage of the extracted macrofauna populations. Subsequently, the indices of diversity and species richness, relative abundance, by functional groups were estimated. Results: The results showed that the relative abundance of biodiversity was higher in the 0–20 cm soil depth stratum than in the branch and leaf biomass strata. The values ​​of the diversity indices of Dominion, Simpson, Shanon, Margalef, and Equity were in the normal range, with a tendency towards low diversity. Likewise, in the richness of species, the Dominant or most abundant genus were earthworms (Oligochaeta) and Hymenoptera (Solenopsis, Leptothorax, Camponotus, Pheidole), indicating the directly proportional relationship, that is to say, that the greater the number of earthworms the production increases and the greater the number of Hymenoptera it decreases, confirmed with the Pearson correlation coefficient with a reliability of 95%. Conclusions: It was concluded that based on the estimates of the diversity indicators, two detritivore genus (earthworms and Hymenoptera) were the ones with the greatest presence, being important in the production of the banana agrosystem due to the decomposition of organic matter and its nutritional contribution to the plant. We observed a direct correlation with earthworms and an indirect relationship with Hymenoptera.
IMPACT OF POLLUTANTS IN THE SOIL OF THE AGROLANDSCAPE OF THE RECULTIVATED LANDFILL ON CROPS
Authors: Tingayev Anatoly V. , Cheprunova Yuliya V. 
Published: November 2022

After recultivation of municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills using sewage sludge, such landfills should become environmentally sustainable and productive agricultural landscapes. Sewage sludge significantly impacts the productivity of the newly created agricultural landscape and the quality of agricultural products when creating the arable layer of the recultivated MSW landfill. The research aims to study and analyze the influence of heavy metals and arsenic in the soil of the recultivated landfill on the yield and quality of agricultural products.
Perennial grasses on the reclaimed landfill are forced to adapt to adverse environmental conditions, which leads to a loss of plant resistance. The research was required due to the presence of heavy metals and other pollutants in the soil, which negatively impact agricultural products and their quality and are also associated with a wide range of physiological and biochemical changes in plants.
The results of the chemical analysis of Triticosecale, Bromus inermis Leyss, and Festulolium showed low levels of mercury, cadmium, lead, arsenic, copper, and zinc, as well as their suitability for feed. Physico-chemical analysis showed that the most significant amount of crude protein (27.5 g/kg) from the studied samples is contained in Bromus inermis Leyss, crude fiber – in Triticosecale (Option 3) (35.04 g/kg), crude ash – in Festulolium (Option 3) (11.7 g/kg).