bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of chamotte on densification and mechanical properties of ceramic membranes made from Gabonese kaolin
Authors: Jiogho Yannick Nongni , Sieliechi Joseph Marie , Cerneaux Sophie , Cretin Marc , Ngassoum Martin Benoît 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Porous ceramic membranes have been successfully prepared by roll pressing using low cost local raw materials. The porous ceramic membranes were obtained by sintering five ceramic paste formulations containing kaolin, rice husk and chamotte powders at a temperature range of 1100–1300°C. The fired ceramic membranes were characterized by determining their porosity, pore size, flexural strength and microstructure. The porous ceramic produced had a pore volume ranging from 27.3 ± 1.4 to 58.5 ± 0.5%, an average pore diameter from 4.7 ± 2.5 to 14.5 ± 1.3 µm and a mechanical strength from 0.8 ± 0.1 to 10.0 ± 0.6 MPa. The results show that the addition of chamotte increases the structural reorganization temperature of the composite, but does not affect the temperature range of densification and complete mullitization of the material. The random distribution of the inert phase (chamotte and quartz) induces a non-uniform behavior of the porosity, the average pore diameter and the mechanical strength after sintering of the samples. The characteristics of the porous materials obtained at 1300°C are adequate to be used in microfiltration.
Longitudinal Analysis of Influencing Factors of Problematic Smartphone Use in Preteens
Authors: Son Hyunmi , Yun Jungim , Han Gyumin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: In the socially distanced era triggered by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, there has been a surge in online activities across children’s and adolescents’ lives. Increased smartphone use by children and adolescents places them at higher risk of overdependence. Methods: The purpose of this study, using secondary data from the 10th to 11th wave of the Panel Study on Korean Children, was to longitudinally investigate problematic smartphone use in preteens and to comprehensively understand the effects of variability and diversity in preteen development on excessive smartphone use. STATA/BE 17 was used to analyze the panel logit model. Among the 1,286 participants aged 9–10 from the Panel Study on Korean Children, 342 with complete responses (from the parent, child, and school teacher) were selected as the subjects of this study. Results: The size of the risk group for preteens’ problematic smartphone use showed a trend of increasing from 126 in 2017 to 149 in 2018. Factors influencing smartphone overdependence included the authoritative parenting behavior, permissive parenting behavior, child’s externalizing problems, peer communication, and parental supervision. Factors related to parents and peers, as well as their own characteristics, had a complex effect on preteens’ problematic smartphone use. Conclusions: To reduce preteens’ smartphone overuse, it is necessary to avoid permissive parenting behaviors and to increase parental monitoring of this population. Interventions should be conducted that focus on reinforcing parenting behaviors that respect preteen’s opinions and set rules together, and strengthen preteen’s communication with their peers.
Hypoxia-induced Long Non-coding RNA LSAMP-AS1 Regulates ceRNA Network to Predict Prognosis for Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Li Lincheng , Zou Wenbo , Xiao Zhaohui , Deng Zhaoda , Liu Rong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The limited efficacy of chemotherapy and immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer is thought to be largely influenced by the surrounding cancer microenvironment. The hypoxic microenvironment caused by insufficient local blood supply is very important. However, the method to assess the level of hypoxia in the microenvironment of pancreatic cancer (PC) remains unclear. In our research, we downloaded transcriptomic and clinicopathological data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). A preliminary risk model was developed to reflect the hypoxic environment of pancreatic cancer. We found that high hypoxia risk score indicated poor long-term survival and the presence of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. In addition, based on prognostic hypoxia-related genes, 177 PC samples were divided into two subtypes using a consistent clustering method. Compared with Cluster2, Cluster1 was defined as the "hypoxic subgroup". The infiltration of CD8 T cells, activated memory CD4 T cells, naive B cells, memory B cells, plasma cells, and neutrophils were lower in cluster1, suggesting that there was significant immunosuppression in cluster 1. Then, we constructed a ceRNA regulatory network composed of differentially expressed lncRNA, miRNA and mRNA. Finally, LSAMP-AS1/hsa-miR-129-5p/S100A2 has been identified as a key ceRNA network that regulates the hypoxic environment and the prognosis of PC.
High Tumor Hexokinase-2 Expression Promotes a Pro-tumorigenic Immune Microenvironment by Modulating CD8+/regulatory T-cell Infiltration
Authors: Kim Sehui , Koh Jaemoon , Song Seung Geun , Yim Jeemin , Kim Miso , Keam Bhumsuk , Kim Young Tae , Kim Jihun , Chung Doo Hyun , Jeon Yoon Kyung 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Relationship between cancer cell glycolysis and the landscape of tumor immune microenvironment in human cancers was investigated. Methods: Forty-one fresh lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) tissues were analyzed using flow cytometry for comprehensive immunoprofiling. Formalin-fixed tissues were immunostained for hexokinase-2 (HK2) to assess cancer cell glycolysis. For validation, formalin-fixed tissues from 375 lung ADC, 118 lung squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC), 338 colon ADC, and 78 lung cancer patients treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy were immunostained for HK2, CD8, and FOXP3.Results: Based on immunoprofiling of lung ADC, HK2 tumor expression was associated with the composition of lymphoid cells rather than myeloid cells. High HK2 tumor expression was associated with immunosuppressive/pro-tumorigenic features, especially decreased ratio of CD8+ T-cells to Tregs (rho=-0.415, P=0.012). This correlation was also confirmed in four different cohorts including lung ADC and SqCC, colon ADC, and the immunotherapy cohort (rho=-0.175~-0.335, all P<0.05). A low CD8+ T-cell to Treg ratio was associated with poor progression-free survival and overall survival in lung SqCC patients, and a shorter overall survival in the immunotherapy cohort (all, P<0.05). Conclusions: An increase in HK2 expression may contribute to shaping the immunosuppressive/pro-tumorigenic tumor microenvironment by modulating the CD8+ T-cell to Treg ratio. Targeting tumor HK2 expression might be a potential strategy for enhancing anti-tumor immunity.
Light-Enhanced Electrocaloric Response in Lead-Free Ferroelectric Oxide
Authors: Pal Subhajit , Mohan Manu , Priya K. Shanmuga , Murugavel P. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The enhanced electrocaloric (EC) effect in solid-state-based lead-free ferroelectric Ba0.875(Bi0.5Li0.5)0.125TiO3 system is investigated under the light as an external stimulus. The sample exhibits an analogous value of maximum change in entropy at Curie temperature, extracted from the two different measurements process. Notably, the sample depicts maximum value of adiabatic change in temperature (ΔT) as 1.27 K and isothermal entropy change (ΔS) as 2.05 J/K kg along with the EC coefficient value of 0.426 K mm/kV, under dark conditions. In addition, the sample exhibits > 1 K adiabatic temperature change over a broad temperature range (~ 6 K). Remarkably, the EC parameters display ~ 27% enhancement upon 405 nm light illumination. The demonstrated light-enhanced EC effect is found to be in accordance with theoretical formalism. The present work elucidates the light as an additional degree of freedom to widen the potential of solid-state-based technologies for advanced environment-friendly cooling devices.
Optical barcoding using polarisation sensitive plasmonic biosensors for the detection of self-assembled monolayers
Authors: Balaur Eugeniu , Sadatnajafi Catherine , Abbey Brian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Periodic subwavelength apertures have the ability to passively detect variations in the dielectric properties of the local sample environment through modification of the plasmon resonances associated with these structures. The resulting resonance peak can effectively provide a ‘fingerprint’ indicative of the dielectric properties of the medium within the near-surface region. Here we report on the use of biomodal silver-based plasmonic colour filters for molecular sensing. Firstly, by characterising the optical properties of these devices as a function of the incident polarisation for a range of different analytes of known refractive index (RI), we were able to both maximise and quantify their sensitivity. We then apply this concept to the real-time monitoring of the formation of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) based on detection of the optical output using a spectrometer. This highlights the potential for bimodal plasmonic devices to be able to dynamically monitor variations in the local environment down to the level of single molecules without the need for specific functionalisation or labelling. Advantages of using this technique include the ability for these devices to be miniaturised and to dynamically tailor their plasmonic properties enabling the analysis of very small sample volumes and optimisation of their dynamic range for specific analytes.
Downregulation of NRARP exerts anti-tumor activities in the breast tumor cells depending on Wnt/ꞵ-catenin mediated signals; the role of miR-130a-3p
Authors: Rajabibazl Masoumeh , Poodineh Jafar , Sirati-Sabet Majid , Mohammadi-Yeganeh Samira 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objectives: The Notch-regulated ankyrin repeat protein (NRARP) functions as a molecular link between Notch and Wnt signaling pathways. Although it has recently been identified to be overexpressed in breast cancer (BC), the molecular mechanisms regulating NRARP remain unknown. Since microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally, miRNA dysregulation could explain the abnormal gene expression. Here, we identified miR-130a-3p as an NRARP regulator and evaluated its effects on the behavior of BC cells. Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to assess the transcriptional levels of miR-130a-3p and NRARP in BC cells. Next, miR-130a-3p was transiently transfected into BC cells to assess its influence on NRARP expression. Owing to the positive regulatory effects of NRARP on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, we also analyzed the expression levels of five Wnt/β-catenin pathway genes in BC cells. We then assessed anti-tumor activities of miR-130a-3p in BC cells using the MTT proliferation assay, the soft agar colony formation assay for anchorage-independent growth (AIG), as well as scratch and transwell assays for cell migration.Results: MiR-130a-3p was found to be downregulated in BC cells, whereas NRARP was upregulated. Overexpression of miR-130a-3p inhibited the expression of NRARP and some Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway genes, as well as exerted anti-tumor effects as evidenced by decreased cell proliferation, AIG, and migration of BC cells.Conclusion: In conclusion, the tumor‑suppressive function of miR‑130a-3p in BC may be mediated by inhibiting NRARP and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. As a result, miR-130a-3p could be introduced as a therapeutic target for miRNA therapy in BC.
Wastewater effluents affect ecosystem metabolism: an evaluation of activation energy case study from the River Wandle, UK
Authors: Zhang Meng , Chadwick Michael A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
River ecosystem metabolism (REM) is a measure of ecological function which integrates gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER). Urban rivers often receive effluents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) which frequently alter nutrient concentrations and modify temperature regimes of receiving water bodies. In this study, we applied the nighttime slope method (NSM) to estimate diurnal REM at sites above and below a wastewater outfall on the River Wandle, a tributary to the River Thames, and structural equation modelling (SEM) revealed that nutrient supply, water temperature and light availability were the main factors driving REM. Overall estimated GPP and ER from our study sites were like those of urban impacted rivers in other countries. Upstream to downstream, GPP values (0 ~ 21.2 mgO2·L− 1·d− 1) were similar, but ER values (5.5 ~ 10.1 mgO2·L− 1·d− 1) were significantly higher at the downstream site receiving WWTP effluents. GPP/ER ratios were > 1 indicating heterotrophic conditions during the study. We found that sites had similar activation energy associated with ER suggesting our work provides a useful reference for estimating temperature corrected metabolic processes for other urban rivers in the region. Structural equation modelling (SEM) revealed that nutrient supply, water temperature and light availability were the main factors driving REM. This research highlights the major environmental factors affecting REM providing needed evidence to inform river restoration and future in-stream management.
Use of an Alfa-lipoic, Methylsulfonylmethane, Boswellia Serrata and Bromelain Dietary Supplement (OPERA®) for Aromatase Inhibitors-related Arthralgia Management (AIA): a prospective phase II trial (NCT04161833)
Authors: Desideri Isacco , Lucidi Sara , Francolini Giulio , Meattini Icro , Ciccone Lucia Pia , Salvestrini Viola , Valzano Marianna , Morelli Ilaria , Angelini Lucia , Scotti Vieri , Bonomo Pierluigi , Greto Daniela , Terziani Francesca , Becherini Carlotta , Visani Luca , Livi Lorenzo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Context Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs) are recommended for the adjuvant treatment of hormone receptor positive breast cancer in both high-risk pre-menopausal and post-menopausal population; arthralgia is the main cause of discontinuation of therapy and affects up to 25% of population on AI treatment. Objectives The objective of the study was to prospectively evaluate OPERA® (GAMFARMA srl, Milan, Italy), a new dietary supplement where α-Lipoic acid, Boswellia serrata, Methylsulfonylmethane and Bromelain are combined in a single hard-gelatin capsule to be taken once a day. MethodsFifty-three patients with arthralgia (NCI-CTCAE v4.0 grade >=1) occurring during AI therapy were enrolled. All patients received OPERA® from enrollment (T0) up to sixth months (T3). Patients' AI-related arthralgia was evaluated every two months with VAS Scale, PRAI questionnaire and CTCAE scale. Primary endpoint was the number of patients with symptom resolution (G0) at T3 if compared to T0, according to CTCAE and VAS scale. Secondary endpoints were decrease in arthralgia intensity measured with PRAI score at T3 compared to baseline, safety of OPERA® and rate of AI interruption.ResultsTreatment with OPERA® supplement was overall well tolerated; no relevant toxicities related to OPERA® intake were reported. Seven subjects (13.2%) were not included in the final analysis because of consent withdrawal. 46 participants were eligible for final analysis. According to CTCAE scale, 10 out of 46 patients reported symptoms resolution at 6-month follow-up from the time of enrollment T0 (p = 0.0009). According to VAS score, 5 patients reported complete resolution of symptoms at T3 if compared to baseline starting situation T0 (p = 0.0222). Analysis of PRAI score showed a significant reduction in arthralgia-related pain perceived (p = 0.0001). ConclusionOPERA® was able to reduce the intensity of arthralgia related to AI therapy. Randomized, double-blind studies are warranted to confirm the effectiveness of this dietary supplement.
An Experimental analysis of morphing geometry inspired from butterfly wing
Authors: Kumar Kishore , Kumar Kishore , Pendyala Srinivas 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a numerical analysis aerodynamic performance of a morphed geometry and observations with regard to MAV development and flight behavior of butterfly wings. The performance of the morphed wing structure is analyzed using numerical simulations. At different angles of attack, we measured the L/D ratios of the morphed wings at 2, 4 and 6 ms−1. In order to get a better grasp of the flow patterns over these wings using (CFD), we have performed wind tunnel simulations, with a focus on geometry of the biggest wing chords and maximum spans, to determine the flow parameters. In relation to their gliding performance, we compare the shapes of the wing of four butterfly species. In this study, experiments are conducted to understand how different wing shapes affect aerodynamics. The in-flight measurements reported in the biology literature are correlated with wing orientation and flight speed. A MAV design benchmark can also be used to assess the performance of these shapes in terms of gliding performance.
One-dimensional acoustic potential landscapes guide the neurite outgrowth and affect the viability of B35 neuroblastoma cells
Authors: Baumgartner Kathrin , Mauritz Sophie , Angermann Sebastian , Brugger Manuel , Westerhausen Christoph 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
On the way towards neuronal stimulation and signalling, standing surface acoustic waves (SSAW) have become a widely used technique to create well-defined networks of living cells in vitro during the past years. An overall challenge in this research area is to maintain cell viability in long-term treatments long enough to observe changes in cellular functions. To close this gap, we here investigate SSAW-directed neurite outgrowth of B35 (neuroblastoma) cells in microchannels on LiNbO3 chips, employing one-dimensional pulsed and continuous MHz-order SSAW signals at different intensities for up to 40 hours. To increase the efficiency of future investigations, we explore the limits of applicable SSAW parameters by quantifying their viability and proliferation behaviour in this long-term setup. While cell viability is impaired for power levels above 15 dBm, our investigations on SSAW-directed neurite outgrowth reveal a significant increase of neurites growing in preferential directions by up to 31.3 % after 30 hours of SSAW treatment.
ENSO Atmospheric Feedbacks under Global Warming and their Relation to Mean-state Changes
Authors: Bayr Tobias , Latif Mojib 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Two atmospheric feedbacks play an important role in the dynamics of the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), namely the amplifying zonal wind feedback and the damping heat flux feedback. Here we investigate how and why both feedbacks change under global warming in climate models participating in the 5th and 6th phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5 and CMIP6) under the business-as-usual scenario (RCP8.5 and SSP5-8.5, respectively). The amplifying zonal wind feedback over the western equatorial Pacific (WEP) becomes stronger in most models, on average by 8±8 %. The heat flux damping feedback over the eastern and central equatorial Pacific (EEP and CEP, respectively) increases as well, on average by 18±11 %. The simultaneous strengthening of the two feedbacks can be explained by the stronger warming in the EEP relative to the WEP and the off-equatorial regions, which shifts the rising branch of the Pacific Walker Circulation to the east and increases the mean convection over the CEP. This in turn leads to a stronger vertical wind response during ENSO events over the CEP that strengthens both atmospheric feedbacks.We separate the climate models into sub-ensembles with STRONG and WEAK ENSO atmospheric feedbacks, as 2/3 of the models underestimate both feedbacks under present-day conditions by more than 40%, causing an error compensation in the ENSO dynamics. Both sub-ensembles show similar mean state and ENSO atmospheric feedback changes, but the ENSO atmospheric feedbacks remain weaker in WEAK under global warming. Due to the more realistic dynamics, we postulate that one should have more confidence in the ENSO predictions with models belonging to the STRONG sub-ensemble. Finally, we analyze the relation between ENSO amplitude change and ENSO atmospheric feedback change. We find that models simulating an eastward shift of the zonal wind feedback and increasing precipitation over the EEP during Eastern Pacific El Niño events tend to predict a larger ENSO amplitude in response to global warming.
Global geographical variation elemental and arsenic species concentration in paddy rice grain identifies a close association of essential elements copper, selenium and molybdenum with cadmium.
Authors: Meharg Prof. Andrew , Meharg Caroline , Carey Manus , Williams Paul , Shi Zhengyu , Campbell Katrina , Elliott Christopher , Marwa Ernest , Jiujin Xiao , Farias Júlia Gomes , Nicoloso Fernando Teixeira , De Silva P. Mangala C.S. , Lu Ying , Green Andy J. , Moreno-Jiménez Eduardo , Carbonell-Barrachina Ángel Antonio , Sommella Alessia , Pigna Massimo , Brabet Catherine , Montet Didier , Hossain Mahmud , Islam M. Rafiqul 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Despite the centrality of staple grains for human well-being, both as a source of nutrients and of toxic ions, there is little understanding of where and how elements vary, and if there are particular elements that correlate. Here, for shop bought polished (white) rice we comprehensively characterize trace (arsenic species, cadmium, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, rubidium and zinc) and macro-nutrients (calcium, chlorine, potassium, phosphorus and sulphur) for grain purchased in 18 countries, across 4 continents, a total of 1045 samples, to investigate if there were any major differences between geographic location and elemental content, and to observe if there were any patterns in elemental distribution. Greatest variation in the median was observed for the non-essential rubidium (15-fold) and arsenic species (5-fold). Rubidium was highest in the Americas, lowest in Europe, while inorganic arsenic and dimethylarsonic acid (DMA) were low for Africa and high in the South American and European continents. Cadmium had the highest concentration in Asian samples and lowest in South America. Calcium, potassium, molybdenum and phosphorus, were highest in European and lowest in African grain, though the fold-differences were relatively low, ~ 0.2, while iron was highest in African grain and low in European, Asian and South American grain, with a ~ 2-fold difference. Selenium was also higher in Africa versus other regions, and copper, manganese and zinc where highest in American grain. Factor analysis showed that copper, cadmium, molybdenum, rubidium and selenium were strongly associated together, and these element’s factor loadings were diametrically opposed to less tightly associated calcium, chlorine, manganese, potassium, phosphorus and sulphur. Stepwise additions linear region analysis was performed on log transformed concentrations to investigate cadmium associations in more detail. Selenium was the greatest predictor of cadmium concentration, followed by molybdenum, accounting for over 50% of the contribution to the adjusted R2. Arsenic species were only weakly correlated with other elements. The implications for these findings with respect to dietary nutrition are discussed.