bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bayesian inference applied to electron temperature data: computational performances and diagnostics integration
Authors: Fassina A. , Abate D. , Franz P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Bayesian inference proves to be a robust tool for the fitting of parametric models on experimental datasets. In the case of electron kinetics, it can help the identification of non-thermal components in electron population and their relation with plasma parameters and dynamics. We present here a tool for electron distribution reconstruction based on MCMC (Monte Carlo Markov Chain) based Bayesian inference on Thomson Scattering data, discussing the computational performances of different algorithms and information metrics. Along, a possible integration between Soft X-ray spectroscopy and Thomson Scattering is presented, focusing on the parametric optimization of diagnostics spectral channels in different plasma regimes.
The front end and trigger unit for an analogue transient recorder ASIC
Authors: Flemming H. , Deppe H. , Wieczorek P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A front end and trigger circuit was developed at GSI which is foreseen to be used in a transient recording read out ASIC. It consists of an input buffer with configurable low pass characteristics and a trigger which could be operated as leading edge discriminator as well as switched capacitor trigger which is sensitive to the first derivative of the input signal. The front end was produced on a test ASIC and characterisation results will be presented.
Analysis of the topological motifs of the cellular structure of the tri-spine horseshoe crab (Tachypleus tridentatus) and its associated mechanical properties
Authors: Ma Yaopeng , Guo Ce , Shen Jingyu , Wang Yu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Topological motifs in pore architecture can profoundly influence the structural properties of that architecture, such as its mass, porosity, modulus, strength, and surface permeability. Taking the irregular cellular structure of the tri-spine horseshoe crab as a research model, we present a new approach to the quantitative description and analysis of structure-property-function relationships. We employ a robust skeletonization method to construct a curve-skeleton that relies on high-resolution 3D tomographic data. The topological motifs and mechanical properties of the long-range cellular structure were investigated using the Grasshopper plugin and uniaxial compression test to identify the variation gradient. Finite element analysis was conducted for the sub-volumes to obtain the variation in effective modulus along the three principal directions. The results show that the branch length and node distribution density varied from the tip to the base of the sharp corner. These node types formed a low-connectivity network, in which the node types 3-N and 4-N tended to follow the motifs of ideal planar triangle and tetrahedral configurations, respectively, with the highest proportion of inter-branch angles in the angle ranges of 115–120° and 105–110°. In addition, mapping the mechanical gradients to topological properties indicated that narrower profiles with a given branch length gradient, preferred branch orientation, and network connectedness degree are the main factors that affect the mechanical properties. These factors suggest significant potential for designing a controllable, irregularly cellular structure in terms of both morphology and function.
The burden of premature mortality from coal-fired power plants in India is high and inequitable
Authors: Barbhaya Dweep , Hejjaji Vittal , Vijayaprakash Aviraag , Rahimian Amirarsalan , Yamparala Aishwarya , Yakkali Shreyas , Muralidharan Abilash , Khetan Aditya K 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Prior mortality estimates of air pollution from coal-fired power plants in India use PM2.5 exposure-response functions from settings that may not be representative, and do not include other potentially harmful effects of these plants, such as fly ash pollution and heavy freshwater consumption. We use a national, district level dataset to assess the impact of coal-fired power plants on all-cause mortality (15–69 years) in 2014. We compare districts with coal-fired power plants (total capacity >1000 MW) to districts without a coal-fired power plant, estimating the effect of these power plants on all-cause mortality within districts that have these plants. Out of 597 districts in India in 2014, 60 districts had a coal-fired power plant. When compared to districts without a coal-fired power plant, districts with a coal-fired power plant (>1000 MW) had higher rates of age-standardized mortality in both women (0.38, 95% CI: −0.14–0.90) and men (0.55, −0.17–1.27). Similarly, these districts had higher rates of conditional probability of premature death in both women (2.22, −0.13–4.56) and men (2.12, −0.54–4.77). The point estimates for total excess deaths were 19 320 for women and 27 727 for men. In affected districts, the proportion of premature adult deaths attributable to coal-fired power plants was 5.8% (−0.3%–11.9%) in women and 4.3% (−1.1%–9.6%) in men. We estimate that ∼47 000 premature adult deaths can be attributed to large coal-fired power plants in India in 2014. These deaths are concentrated in the ∼10% of districts that have the nation’s power plants, where they are associated with 1 out of 20 premature adult deaths. Effective regulation of emissions from these plants, coupled with a phaseout of coal-fired power plants, can help decrease this burden of inequitable and premature adult mortality.
Mutually unbiased maximally entangled bases from difference matrices
Authors: Zang Yajuan , Tian Zihong , Zuo Hui-Juan , Fei Shao-Ming 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Based on maximally entangled states, we explore the constructions of mutually unbiased bases in bipartite quantum systems. We present a new way to construct mutually unbiased bases by difference matrices in the theory of combinatorial designs. In particular, we establish q mutually unbiased bases with q − 1 maximally entangled bases and one product basis in

C

q

⊗

C

q

for arbitrary prime power q. In addition, we construct maximally entangled bases for dimension of composite numbers of non-prime power, such as five maximally entangled bases in

C

12

⊗

C

12

and

C

21

⊗

C

21

, which improve the known lower bounds for d = 3m, with (3, m) = 1 in

C

d

⊗

C

d

. Furthermore, we construct p + 1 mutually unbiased bases with p maximally entangled bases and one product basis in

C

p

⊗

C

p

2

for arbitrary prime number p.
Nonlinear quantum Cournot duopoly games
Authors: Wang Nengfa , Yang Zhe 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We investigate the quantization of nonlinear Cournot duopoly games by applying the Li–Du–Massar and Frackiewicz quantum schemes. We shall analyze the quantum equilibrium quantities and quantum equilibrium profits of nonlinear quantum Cournot duopoly games by using the qualitative analysis.
Assessing Circular Information Flow in Industrialized Construction: a framework for evaluating data for circular construction
Authors: Berglund-Brown J , Kedir F , Riabova A , Hall D 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A circular economy offers a solution for improving both the efficiency and environmental impact of the built environment. As the construction industry transitions to a circular economy, adequate information flow is necessary to keep products in the value chain for as long as possible. Industrialized construction firms show high potential for a successful transition to a circular economy because of optimized information flow through the use of product platforms, the use of information communication technologies, and the integration of actors. However, there is no current framework to assess whether construction firms using industrialized construction methods have a circular information flow. In this research, four characteristics are identified as main descriptors of a circular information flow framework: Completeness, Availability, Accessibility, and Incorporation of Information into Business Strategy. Using the framework, industrialized construction firms are asked to self-assess their performance through pre-defined survey questions. The findings from sixteen industrialized construction firms reveal the need for more complete data about recyclability potentials of products and unique materials and product identifiers, with 47% of firms indicating they have insufficient information. The survey of companies also indicates a need for more feedback about the reuse, recycling, and remanufacturing phases to be available, with only 20% of firms gathering feedback about reuse, 13% about recycling, and 20% about remanufacturing. The stakeholders with the most consistent access to information about design and materials of a project are the manufacturer, engineer, architect, and assemblers. 13% of firms employed RFID tags. More accessibility of information is needed for actors outside of the firm. Additionally, only 13% of firms implemented a take-back strategy, emphasizing the need for incorporating these business strategies within the firm. 17% of firms, however, had CE in mind during strategic development, demonstrating the potential for CE adoption in industry. Finally, the paper discusses future opportunities for circular information flow, such as employing blockchain technology.
Evaluating ‘reuse’ in the current LCA framework – Impact of reuse and reusability in different life cycle stages
Authors: Etienne D , Lisa W , Laetitia D 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the context of circular construction, the (potential) reuse of construction materials and building products is set forward as a general concept to reduce the environmental impact of buildings. But does this really lead to reduced impacts? A standardised framework to calculate the environmental impact of buildings over their life cycle is available through the European standards EN15804+A2 and EN15978 for life cycle analysis (LCA) in construction. The concept of reuse does however intrinsically focus on multiple use or life cycles. A correct quantification of the environmental impacts of reuse in buildings, requires a better understanding of the different mechanisms and issues at play. By means of critical assessment of the LCA methodology, in combination with a simplified case study, this paper provides insights in how different reuse options for products are valorised (or not) when calculating the environmental impact. It is shown that the LCA standard EN15804+A2 allows to quantify the impact related to different concepts of reuse at the beginning or the end of the considered life cycle. In general reused products will lead to larger environmental gains as the production stage (A1-A3) can be avoided. The environmental benefit related to the reusability of a product is typically reflected in a smaller difference in the end-of-life (EOL) stage (C1-C4). Also the relevance of existing concepts, such as module D, is discussed for each of the considered reuse options. Results show that module D can provide insights in the future potential of reuse (at EOL) for virgin products, but that the numbers are difficult to interpret and even misleading for reuse products. The results and discussion show the limitations of the current LCA framework for these types of products and identify the need for the integration of additional concepts to correctly valorise the potential of reusable products using LCA.
Building the future using the existing building stock: the environmental potential of reuse
Authors: Charlotte L , Eberhardt M , Birgisdottir H 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Immense amounts of natural resources are consumed and processed by the construction sector every year resulting in a significant climate impact. In return, the resource and environmental value of these resources is lost due to the vast amounts of construction and demolition waste (C&DW) that is down-cycled. Thus, the potential of transitioning the construction sector from a linear to a circular economy (CE) are expected to be significant. In Denmark, C&DW make up 40% of all waste. Although 88% of the C&DW is recycled only 36% is upcycled (i.e. recycled with an equal or higher quality than the original resource) while 52% is down-cycled (e.g. crushed for road filling). More recently interest in direct reuse has increased as better way of exploiting the remaining technical service life of the materials and retaining the inherent value of the materials and avoid environmentally heavy material processing. In coming years, a large number of homes on Denmark’s ‘ghetto list’ (i.e. socio-economically disadvantaged residential areas) corresponding to 1,360,300 m2 are to be demolished. At the same time, a large number of new buildings is to be built in the same affected areas. The Resource Block project seeks scalable reuse solutions that can link the large amount of resources in the existing buildings to be demolished with the need for resources to build the new buildings in these areas. On the basis of a life cycle assessment (LCA), the paper at hand assesses the environmental benefit of the reuse solutions found from the Resource Block project. The results show that reuse of these elements may on average potentially save 49% of the new buildings’ greenhouse gas emissions compared to building solely with virgin materials depending on the availability and degree of reuse and which types of virgin materials the reuse is combined with.
An integrated form-finding and automated fabrication approach for exploring sustainable shell structures
Authors: Baghdhadie S , Kontovourkis O , Phocas M C 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Latest advances in computational design and automated fabrication provide opportunities for form-finding and precise development of shell structures in an integrated design to fabrication context. Implementation of these techniques cannot be completed without considering the negative effect of construction in the environment and the urgent need for environmental impact reduction through reusability and recyclability. This paper deepens into this direction by presenting a form-finding/automated fabrication approach of shell forms in combination with a recycle material implementation. The process starts by examining form-finding possibilities of funicular forms by producing a series of case studies based on a number of controlled parameters, physical attributes and static performance criteria. Then, an alternative use of construction materials is presented, in order to achieve sustainable properties, and adequate static performance of both, the overall structure and the individual structural components. In order to achieve this, cylindrical samples of different recycle material combinations are produced, tested under compression and their implementation is discussed. The suggested integrated form-finding to automated fabrication approach offers the opportunity for a holistic sustainable approach towards shell structures development, aiming at shape and performance viability through the selection of recycle materials.
Individualized standardization as the overarching principle in the context of planetary boundaries
Authors: Albus J , Hollmann-Schröter K E 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
To drive forward a fundamental change in the construction sector to achieve environmentally friendly progress in the construction processes, one promising approach is the synchronous implementation of the three main drivers technology, construction, and design. The key to this transformation is end-to-end digitalization. Our approach aims to achieve a new architectural quality by linking digitized design tools, ecological and environmentally friendly concepts, and serial production processes. Against this background, two research projects were advanced to enable adaptive prefabricated systems based on combined additive manufacturing. Two case studies illustrate the research results. In the first, a digital assessment tool is being developed to improve planning processes. With the tool, standardized yet adaptive constructions can be evaluated according to their sustainability impact in an early design phase. The second approach focuses on delivering a customized material composition realized with additive manufacturing methods. In an automated co-extrusion process, the dimensions and building-physical quality of story-high wall panels (floor-to-ceiling) can be adapted to individual requirements. The optimum balance of standardization vs individualized building solutions will introduce a novel flexibility for the architectural design process as well as a higher production efficiency. This strategy of individualized standardization is based on integrative collaboration and visionary research.
Life Cycle Assessment of Recently Constructed “Climate Protection Neighbourhoods” – Which Lessons can be Drawn?
Authors: Hoppe M , Schneider-Marin P 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The results of a life cycle assessment of five recently finished housing projects in Northern Germany - all of them part of two certified climate protection neighbourhoods - point out the necessity of combining a variety of different carbon reduction approaches in order to reach carbon neutrality. The analysis presented here focuses on both, embodied and operational carbon emissions, as well as embodied and operational energy, over a period of 50 years. Both residential areas examined do not tap the full potential of their environmental impact reduction as they focus on single strategies only: one development limits the reduction of carbon emissions for heating and domestic hot water supply to a max. of 7.5 kg GHG emissions per m2 and year, by means of conventional solid construction. For the other estate the developers encouraged timber construction by requiring a minimum share of the construction volume of 70% timber. Comparing both approaches shows, that climate friendly construction can only be achieved by combining different ways and means, e.g. easily demountable hence reusable timber structures with a high level of energy efficiency and a carbon free heat supply. The results drawn from this study are designated to serve as a basis for discussion of the development of ambitious and climate responsible housing standards in Bremen.
Alleviating defects in perovskites using single-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Choi Jin-Myung , Han Jiye , Rane Tushar , Kim Soyeon , Kim Ick Soo , Jeon Il 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are representative one-dimensional materials that show exceptional optical and electronic properties with various tuneable bandgaps. SWCNTs can be integrated into a variety of photovoltaics particularly, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on a high level of functionality and purity. In this topical review, we discuss the fundamentals of SWCNTs applied to PSCs as an electron-transporting layer, hole-transporting layer, photoactive layer, and interfacial materials from the literature. Firstly, SWCNTs in PSCs and their defect control properties improving the devices are discussed. Subsequently, electrical and morphological improvement of semiconducting SWCNT added PSCs and other types of CNTs used in PSCs are discussed chronologically. The review and discussion layout the strategies of incorporating SWCNTs within the design frame of next-generation PSCs towards the improvement of the device performance via defect passivation.
Revisiting linearized Bregman iterations under Lipschitz-like convexity condition
Authors: Zhang Hui , Zhang Lu , Yang Hao-Xing 
Published: September 2022

The linearized Bregman iterations (LBreI) and its variants have received considerable attention in signal/image processing and compressed sensing. Recently, LBreI has been extended to a larger class of nonconvex functions, along with several theoretical issues left for further investigation. In particular, the Lipschitz gradient continuity assumption precludes its use in many practical applications. In this study, we propose a generalized algorithmic framework to unify LBreI-type methods. Our main discovery is that the Lipschitz gradient continuity assumption can be replaced by a Lipschitz-like convexity condition in both convex and nonconvex cases. As a by-product, a class of bilevel optimization problems can be solved in the proposed framework, which extends the main result made by Cai et al. [Math. Comp. 78 (2009), pp. 2127–2136]. At last, provably convergent iterative schemes on modified linear/quadratic inverse problems illustrate our finding.
The Little Fire Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): A Global Perspective
Authors: Montgomery M P , Vanderwoude C , Lintermans M , Lynch A J Jasmyn 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWasmannia auropunctata (Roger) is an invasive tramp ant species that has been transported globally since [at least] the early twentieth century. It is often claimed that despite the negative impacts associated with this species and its listing among the world’s worst invasive species, very little research attention has been paid to W. auropuntata. Although the need for future research exists, there is currently a considerable body of research from around the world and spanning back to the 1920’s on this species. Here we synthesize over 200 peer reviewed research manuscripts, book chapters, conference presentations, and media reports of new distributions spanning 1929–2022 culminating in a comprehensive literature review on W. auropunctata. This review covers all current knowledge on this species and is intended to serve as a quick reference for future research and provide the reference resources for those seeking more in-depth information on specific topics. Topics included in this review include taxonomic identification, current global distribution and pathways, life history, impacts, detection, and control. We discuss where consensus and ambiguity currently lie within the research community, identify contextual considerations for future researchers when interpreting data, and suggest where we believe more research or clarifications are needed.
Doing Crime Prevention, Doing Gender: Canadian Women’s Responses to Police-Produced Gendered Crime-Prevention Messaging
Authors: Lennox Rebecca 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Drawing on focus group and interview data, this paper examines how race and social class intersect with gender to inform Canadian women’s responses to police-produced gendered crime-prevention messaging. I position women’s enactments of institutionally endorsed crime-prevention strategies as a resource for the successful achievement of femininity, and I consider how intersecting social statuses shape how women do crime prevention. Focus group dialogue reveals three orientations to police crime-prevention messaging: resentment, pragmatism and gratitude. Across orientations, women strategically enact state imperatives to meet their own agentic ends. By identifying crime prevention as a resource for achieving femininity and highlighting racialized and classed dimensions in women’s gender performances, this research enriches extant literature on crime prevention and femininities.