bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Memoriam: Jorge Cervantes Castro, MD, Honorary FACS (1938–2021)
Authors: Cervantes Trejo Arturo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractJorge Cervantes Castro, MD, FACS (Hon.2006) passed away on May 28, 2021, at the age of 83 years. He graduated from medical school at the National Autonomous Mexican University (UNAM) and did his residency in general and vascular surgery at Georgetown University in Washington D.C. After completing his surgical training, he returned to Mexico City and established his practice at the American British Cowdray Medical Center (ABC Hospital). He was a professor of surgery for hundreds of surgical residents for over 50 years, author of over 240 surgical papers and 52 book chapters, and member of the editorial board of seven medical journals. He is the author of four surgical training books, one on “Iatrogenia in surgery” and the others on vanguard techniques for laparoscopic surgery. For his Juris Doctor degree obtained from UNAM in 2016, his thesis was on the “Legal implications of the professional title of medical surgeon” in which he emphasizes the legal need to change the professional degree conferred to Mexican medical graduates. A global ambassador of surgery, he was an active member of over 30 surgical societies, including the American College of Surgeons (ACS), the International Federation of Societies of Endoscopic Surgeons (IFSES), the International Society of Surgery (ISS; Hon.2009), and president of the Mexican chapter of the Latin American Federation of Surgery (FELAC), of which he also became honorary fellow. Among other accomplishments, he was one of the founding members of the Mexican Society of General Surgery, president of the Mexican Board of Surgery, distinguished member of the Mexican Academy of Surgery, and member of the editorial board of the World Journal of Surgery (1995‐2004). He is survived by his one true and lifelong love Lucero, his wife of 57+ years, and by his children Jorge, Lucero, Arturo, Ignacio, and Pablo, 13 grandchildren, and five great‐grandchildren.
MAIT cells in liver inflammation and fibrosis
Authors: Mehta Hema , Lett Martin Joseph , Klenerman Paul , Filipowicz Sinnreich Magdalena 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMucosal-associated invariant T cells or MAIT cells are an abundant cell type in humans and especially so in the liver. MAIT cells are a subset of T lymphocytes that sit at a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity, so-called innate-like or “unconventional” T cells. The specificity of their antigen receptor (T cell receptor or TCR) is for the conserved major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-related molecule MR1, which presents a modified bacterial metabolite from the vitamin B2 biosynthesis pathway – this allows them to respond in the presence of many bacteria or yeast. MAIT cells also possess an array of cytokine receptors, which allows triggering independently of the TCR. The combination of such signals drives their functionality – this means they can respond to a range of stimuli and likely play a role not only in infection or inflammation, but also under homeostatic conditions.In this review, we will look at the question of what MAIT cells are doing in the normal liver and how they behave in the setting of disease. These questions are of relevance because MAIT cells are such a distinctive cell type enriched in the liver under normal conditions, and their modulation could be of therapeutic benefit. The recent discovery that they appear to be involved in liver fibrosis is particularly of interest in this context.
Robotic vs. laparoscopic liver surgery: a single-center analysis of 600 consecutive patients in 6 years
Authors: Schmelzle Moritz , Feldbrügge Linda , Ortiz Galindo Santiago Andres , Moosburner Simon , Kästner Anika , Krenzien Felix , Benzing Christian , Biebl Matthias , Öllinger Robert , Malinka Thomas , Schöning Wenzel , Pratschke Johann 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhile laparoscopic liver surgery has become a standard procedure, experience with robotic liver surgery is still limited. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate safety and feasibility of robotic liver surgery and compare outcomes with conventional laparoscopy.MethodsWe here report the results of a single-center, prospective, post-marketing observational study (DRKS00017229) investigating the safety and feasibility of robotic liver surgery. Baseline characteristics, surgical complexity (using the IWATE score), and postoperative outcomes were then compared to laparoscopic liver resections performed at our center between January 2015 and December 2020. A propensity score-based matching (PSM) was applied to control for selection bias.ResultsOne hundred twenty nine robotic liver resections were performed using the da Vinci Xi surgical system (Intuitive) in this prospective study and were compared to 471 consecutive laparoscopic liver resections. After PSM, both groups comprised 129 cases with similar baseline characteristics and surgical complexity. There were no significant differences in intraoperative variables, such as need for red blood cell transfusion, duration of surgery, or conversion to open surgery. Postoperative complications were comparable after robotic and laparoscopic surgery (Clavien–Dindo ≥ 3a: 23% vs. 19%,p = 0.625); however, there were more bile leakages grade B–C in the robotic group (17% vs. 7%,p = 0.006). Length of stay and oncological short-term outcomes were comparable.ConclusionsWe propose robotic liver resection as a safe and feasible alternative to established laparoscopic techniques. The object of future studies must be to define interventions where robotic techniques are superior to conventional laparoscopy.
Simultaneous scheduling of replacement and repair of common components in operating systems
Authors: Obradović Gabrijela , Strömberg Ann-Brith , Lundberg Kristian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn order for a system to stay operational, its components need maintenance. We consider two stakeholders—a system operator and a maintenance workshop—and a contract governing their joint activities. Components in the operating systems that are to be maintained are sent to the maintenance workshop, which should perform all maintenance activities on time in order to satisfy the contract. The maintained components are then sent back to be used in the operating systems. Our modeling of this system-of-systems includes stocks of damaged and repaired components, the workshop scheduling, and the planning of preventive maintenance for the operating systems. Our modeling is based on a mixed-binary linear optimization (MBLP) model of a preventive maintenance scheduling problem with so-called interval costs over a finite and discretized time horizon. We generalize and extend this model with the flow of components through the workshop, including the stocks of spare components. The resulting scheduling model—a mixed-integer optimization (MILP) model—is then utilized to optimize the main contract in a bi-objective setting: maximizing the availability of repaired (or new) components and minimizing the costs of maintaining the operating systems over the time horizon. We analyze the main contract and briefly discuss a turn-around time contract. Our results concern the effect of our modeling on the levels of the stocks of components over time, in particular minimizing the risk for lack of spare components.
Fluid–Rock Interactions in Geothermal Reservoirs, Germany: Thermal Autoclave Experiments Using Sandstones and Natural Hydrothermal Brines
Authors: Schäffer Rafael , Götz Emilia , Schlatter Nils , Schubert Gabriela , Weinert Sebastian , Schmidt Stefanie , Kolb Ute , Sass Ingo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAs renewable energy, geothermal can contribute substantially to the energy transition. To generate electricity or to harvest heat, high-saline fluids are tapped by wells of a few kilometres and extracted from hydrothermal reservoirs. After the heat exchanger units have been passed by, these fluids are reinjected into the reservoir. Due to the pressure and temperature differences between the subsurface and the surface, as well as the cooling of the fluids in the power plant, unwanted chemical reactions can occur within the reservoir, in the borehole, and within the power plant itself. This can reduce the permeability of the reservoir as well as the output of the geothermal power plant. This study aims to simulate real subsurface reactions using batch and leaching experiments with sandstone or sandstone powder as solid phase, and deionised water or natural brine as liquid phase. It is demonstrated that fluid composition changes after only a few days. In particular, calcite, aragonite, clay minerals, and zinc phases precipitate from the natural brine. In contrast, in particular minerals containing potassium, arsenic, barium, and silica are dissolved. Due to the experimental set-up, these mineral reactions mainly took place on the surface of the samples, which is why no substantial changes in petrophysical properties could be observed. However, it is assumed that the observed reactions on the reservoir scale have a relevant influence on parameters such as permeability.
Avoiding collider bias in Mendelian randomization when performing stratified analyses
Authors: Coscia Claudia , Gill Dipender , Benítez Raquel , Pérez Teresa , Malats Núria , Burgess Stephen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMendelian randomization (MR) uses genetic variants as instrumental variables to investigate the causal effect of a risk factor on an outcome. A collider is a variable influenced by two or more other variables. Naive calculation of MR estimates in strata of the population defined by a collider, such as a variable affected by the risk factor, can result in collider bias. We propose an approach that allows MR estimation in strata of the population while avoiding collider bias. This approach constructs a new variable, the residual collider, as the residual from regression of the collider on the genetic instrument, and then calculates causal estimates in strata defined by quantiles of the residual collider. Estimates stratified on the residual collider will typically have an equivalent interpretation to estimates stratified on the collider, but they are not subject to collider bias. We apply the approach in several simulation scenarios considering different characteristics of the collider variable and strengths of the instrument. We then apply the proposed approach to investigate the causal effect of smoking on bladder cancer in strata of the population defined by bodyweight. The new approach generated unbiased estimates in all the simulation settings. In the applied example, we observed a trend in the stratum-specific MR estimates at different bodyweight levels that suggested stronger effects of smoking on bladder cancer among individuals with lower bodyweight. The proposed approach can be used to perform MR studying heterogeneity among subgroups of the population while avoiding collider bias.
Direct and plant community mediated effects of management intensity on annual nutrient leaching risk in temperate grasslands
Authors: Apostolakis Antonios , Schöning Ingo , Klaus Valentin H. , Michalzik Beate , Bischoff Wolf-Anno , Boeddinghaus Runa S. , Bolliger Ralph , Fischer Markus , Hölzel Norbert , Kandeler Ellen , Kleinebecker Till , Manning Peter , Marhan Sven , Neyret Margot , Oelmann Yvonne , Prati Daniel , van Kleunen Mark , Schwarz Andreas , Schurig Elisabeth , Schrumpf Marion 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGrassland management intensity influences nutrient cycling both directly, by changing nutrient inputs and outputs from the ecosystem, and indirectly, by altering the nutrient content, and the diversity and functional composition of plant and microbial communities. However, the relative importance of these direct and indirect processes for the leaching of multiple nutrients is poorly studied. We measured the annual leaching of nitrate, ammonium, phosphate and sulphate at a depth of 10 cm in 150 temperate managed grasslands using a resin method. Using Structural Equation Modeling, we distinguished between various direct and indirect effects of management intensity (i.e. grazing and fertilization) on nutrient leaching. We found that management intensity was positively associated with nitrate, ammonium and phosphate leaching risk both directly (i.e. via increased nutrient inputs) and indirectly, by changing the stoichiometry of soils, plants and microbes. In contrast, sulphate leaching risk was negatively associated with management intensity, presumably due to increased outputs with mowing and grazing. In addition, management intensification shifted plant communities towards an exploitative functional composition (characterized by high tissue turnover rates) and, thus, further promoted the leaching risk of inorganic nitrogen. Plant species richness was associated with lower inorganic nitrogen leaching risk, but most of its effects were mediated by stoichiometry and plant community functional traits. Maintaining and restoring diverse plant communities may therefore mitigate the increased leaching risk that management intensity imposes upon grasslands.
At the Coalface: Practitioner Perspectives on Applying Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) in High Performance Sport
Authors: Turner Martin J. , Chadha Nanaki J. , Davis Helen , Deen Muhammad S. , Gilmore Hugh , Jones Jennifer K. , Goldman Scott , Terjesen Mark 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe reported usage of rational emotive behaviour therapy (REBT) in high performance sport is becoming more common in research literature. This research indicates that REBT is a useful and effective approach to performance psychology. However, applied professional practice reflections and insights remain sparse. The current paper brings together REBT practitioners who work predominantly in performance settings (i.e., sport) to answer three questions pertaining to their application of REBT. Practitioners were asked to respond to the following questions: (1) What do you consider to be among the main irrational beliefs that interfere with performance? (2) In your experience, which irrational beliefs impair one’s ability to recover from a significant injury or major setback? (3) Can you describe the role of cognitive restructuring/change/reappraisal/disputation in applied work as it relates to performance? In the present paper, the practitioners’ responses are collected and presented, following which common themes are drawn from the responses to form guidance for practitioners wishing to apply REBT in performance settings. It is hoped that the experiences of the included practitioners will be useful for those wishing to take an REBT approach to their performance psychology consultancy.
Suspicious conspiracy theories
Authors: Dentith M R. X. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractConspiracy theories and conspiracy theorists have been accused of a great many sins, but are the conspiracy theories conspiracy theorists believe epistemically problematic? Well, according to some recent work (such as Cassam Quassim, Keith Harris, and M. Guilia Napolitano), yes, they are. Yet a number of other philosophers (myself included) like Brian L. Keeley, Charles Pigden, Kurtis Hagen, Lee Basham, and the like have argued ‘No!’ I will argue that there are features of certain conspiracy theories which license suspicion of such theories. I will also argue that these features only license a limited suspicion of these conspiracy theories, and thus we need to be careful about generalising from such suspicions to a view of the warrant of conspiracy theories more generally. To understand why, we need to get to the bottom of what exactly makes us suspicious of certain conspiracy theories, and how being suspicious of a conspiracy theory does not always tell us anything about how likely the theory in question is to be false.
Has the decline in the intensity of internal migration been accompanied by changes in reasons for migration?
Authors: Kalemba Sunganani V. , Bernard Aude , Corcoran Jonathan , Charles-Edwards Elin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe last few decades have seen the intensity of internal migration decline in Australia and other advanced economies including the United States. Recent evidence suggests that changes in the composition of the population alone do not account for this persistent downward trend. This has led migration scholars to suspect that more profound behavioural changes driven by social, economic, and technological transformations are at play and that shifts in migration behaviour are likely to be reflected in changes in reasons for migration. We use data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia survey to shed new light on the factors driving the decline in internal migration in Australia between 2002 and 2018. This is done by examining annual trends in self-reported reasons for intrastate and interstate migration and applying a series of pooled logistic regressions. Results reveal a decline across all reasons for migration, and not only employment-related migration contrary to explanations proposed in the extant literature. The decline in employment-related migration does not appear to be the result of a rise in alternative forms of mobility such as teleworking or substitution with inter-industry or occupation mobility. Furthermore, we also find that the negative effect of duration of residence has increased for family-related migration. Collectively, these findings suggest that behavioural change, particularly increased place attachment, may have contributed to the decline in internal migration.
Collaborative Cluster Configuration for Distributed Data-Parallel Processing: A Research Overview
Authors: Thamsen Lauritz , Scheinert Dominik , Will Jonathan , Bader Jonathan , Kao Odej 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMany organizations routinely analyze large datasets using systems for distributed data-parallel processing and clusters of commodity resources. Yet, users need to configure adequate resources for their data processing jobs. This requires significant insights into expected job runtimes and scaling behavior, resource characteristics, input data distributions, and other factors. Unable to estimate performance accurately, users frequently overprovision resources for their jobs, leading to low resource utilization and high costs.In this paper, we present major building blocks towards a collaborative approach for optimization of data processing cluster configurations based on runtime data and performance models. We believe that runtime data can be shared and used for performance models across different execution contexts, significantly reducing the reliance on the recurrence of individual processing jobs or, else, dedicated job profiling. For this, we describe how the similarity of processing jobs and cluster infrastructures can be employed to combine suitable data points from local and global job executions into accurate performance models. Furthermore, we outline approaches to performance prediction via more context-aware and reusable models. Finally, we lay out how metrics from previous executions can be combined with runtime monitoring to effectively re-configure models and clusters dynamically.
A general procedure to identify indicators for evaluation and monitoring of nature-based solution projects
Authors: Rödl Anne , Arlati Alessandro 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn the last years, the idea of using natural elements or nature-based solutions (NbS) to mitigate the impacts of cities on climate, biodiversity and citizens' health became more popular in research and practice. Nevertheless, there are currently uncertainties in finding and selecting appropriate criteria and indicators for monitoring and evaluating the impact and performance of NbS and its co-creation processes. This paper proposes an easy-to-use and structured procedure for selecting appropriate criteria and indicators for monitoring and evaluating any kind of NbS project. The user is guided step by step in selecting meaningful metrics. The procedure is tested using a real case study from the Horizon 2020 research project CLEVER Cities as an example. The test shows that by following the indicated procedure, the criteria and indicator selection process is speeded up and reproducible.
Dry friction damping mechanism of flexible microporous metal rubber based on cell group energy dissipation mechanism
Authors: Shen Liangliang , Ren Zhiying , Xu Jian , Pan Lin , Lin Youxi , Bai Hongbai 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFlexible microporous metal rubber (FMP-MR) is a high-damping material that dissipates energy by dry friction through internal spiral metal wires in contact with each other. However, the FMP-MR energy dissipation mechanism is not fully understood owing to its disordered grid interpenetrating structure. In this work, computer-aided preparation technology is used to accurately reconstruct the complex spiral network structure of FMP-MR multipoint random contact, and a cell group model with an energy dissipation mechanism is proposed to obtain the dynamic energy distribution of the contact friction in both space and time dimensions. By judging the effective contact point, a global displacement ablation phenomenon of hooked staggered porous materials is induced. The macro- and micro-equivalent frictions are introduced to effectively explain the characteristics of the strong energy dissipation in FMP-MR under fretting excitation. A real and effective damping hysteresis constitutive model is then constructed to dynamically capture the mapping relationship between the complex nonlinear topological structure effect of the materials and spatial random contact dry friction in real time. The results indicate that the contact behavior between turns of the FMP-MR wire follows a clear quasi-Gaussian distribution under an external load, forcing the topological results to change. The energy dissipation of the materials revealed peak energy consumption lagging behind the loading limit for a certain distance, which can be determined by the effective contact point and contact dry friction slip. The consistency between the quasi-static compression tests and constitutive curves of the model was quantitatively verified through residual analysis. The data demonstrated the differential behavior of the FMP-MR meso-structure to follow a phased growth law during loading with different action mechanisms in the guiding, main growth, and relaxation stages of the energy consumption displacement curve. In summary, these findings provide an acceptable theoretical basis for the damping energy consumption mechanism and lifetime prediction of FMP-MR.