bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal Variability in Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Jacobaea alpina from the Trentino‐Alto Adige Region (Northern Italy)
Authors: Chizzola Remigius , Eller Andy 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn recent years, increased attention has been given to plants containing toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs). Jacobaea alpina (syn. Senecio cordatus) is a tall forb growing on mountain pastures and meadows containing such alkaloids and therefore, the plant is considered as a noxious weed in these environments. The repartition of toxic macrocyclic PAs in the plant and their evolution during the vegetation period has been studied in two populations. Eight PAs were found where senciphylline and senecionine accounted in most samples for more than 85 % of total alkaloids. Leaves in April and stems in May started with high PA concentrations (19–22 mg/g dry matter), then alkaloid levels declined. This decrease was more rapid in stems than in leaves. Depending on the population, fully developed inflorescences in June and July PA contents were higher or lower than in the respective leaves. Later, also in the inflorescences PA concentration decreased. Combined with growth data total alkaloid content in the whole plant as mg/plant was highest in midsummer and declined afterwards. Finally, new emerging leaves in September had high PA levels, which declined markedly towards the end of the season in November. In sum, over a large period PA concentration appeared to be high enough to present a health risk for grazing animals.
Getting to shared governance: New perspectives for implementing governance
Authors: Kater Susan T. , Burke Doyle 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEffective shared governance processes enhance institutional effectiveness and sustainability, but governance in higher education is complex. The concept of shared governance lacks common understandings and practice, and models are outdated and need to be more inclusive, nimble, and flexible. Community colleges are responsive institutions and therefore well‐positioned to have a role in rethinking shared governance. However, before we can create new models, we need new ways of thinking about governance. Based on trends in research on shared governance in this chapter, we argue that new perspectives on shared governance include a focus on trust and transparency and provide examples of shared governance opportunities and challenges through the perspectives of key stakeholders. We suggest interest‐based bargaining as one of the tools for institutions to manage important conversations about stakeholders’ shared responsibility for student success. We may never agree on shared governance, but we need to find a way of effective, participatory governance. This chapter creates some opportunities for creating such a space.
Community college boards of trustees: The more things change, the more they stay the same?
Authors: Amey Marilyn J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe chapters in this volume of New Directions for Community Colleges highlight the intended roles of boards of trustees and illustrate areas in which board relations often go awry. This final manuscript brings together the themes of the volume, highlights lessons learned and presents recommendations moving forward. The challenges facing community colleges require boards and the presidents they hire to bring forth change in the colleges they lead to help support student success, provide talented graduates for employers, and contribute to the communities around them.
Sparse Multiple Factor Analysis, sparse STATIS, and sparse DiSTATIS with applications to sensory evaluation
Authors: Yu Ju‐Chi , Gómez‐Corona Carlos , Abdi Hervé , Guillemot Vincent 
Published: October 2022

AbstractComponent‐based multitable methods, such as multiple factor analysis (MFA), STATIS, and DiSTATIS, are routinely used to analyze multiblock data, which are now common in chemometrics and sensory evaluation studies. These blocks of data form data tables that—for example, in sensory evaluation—describe how different assessors evaluate a set of products either on a set of descriptors or on the similarity between products. To analyze these data, component‐based multitable methods extract orthogonal components explaining most of the variance of the data. However, when the data tables are heterogeneous or have complex structures, a single component space does not represent the data well and can give components that are difficult to interpret. Previous literature solved this interpretation problem by eliminating irrelevant variables—a process called sparsification—while keeping the components orthogonal. Here, we extended such methods to develop sparsification algorithms for three multitable methods, namely, “sparse MFA” (sMFA), “sparse STATIS” (sSTATIS), and “sparse DiSTATIS” (sDiSTATIS). In these sparse methods, we sparsified the data tables to identify the most informative assessors or products. In sMFA, we show how group sparsity can be used to sparsify whole tables (i.e., assessors or products), hereby greatly increasing the interpretability of sMFA's outcome. In sSTATIS and sDiSTATIS, we developed two different sparsification approaches: One approach creates subgroups of products and simplifies the components to facilitate interpretation; whereas the other approach creates subgroups of assessors and alleviates the problem of heterogeneity. We showed with three examples how these sparse methods increase interpretability of the results in sensory evaluation.
Gebündelte Kräfte für mehr Nachhaltigkeit
Authors: Heintz Chris , Katzenburg Felix , Kurth Larissa , Kortman Hannah , Neudert Alena 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInnerhalb des JungChemikerForums (JCF) der Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) wurde 2020 das Team Nachhaltigkeit gegründet und ist seitdem zum größten Team des JCF gewachsen. Die Teammitglieder kommen aus ganz Deutschland und sie eint der Gedanke an mehr Nachhaltigkeit in verschiedenen Bereichen unseres Lebens.
Achieving High Thermoelectric Performance in Mixed Natural‐Synthetic Tetrahedrites
Authors: Levinský Petr , Ventrapati Pavan Kumar , Dauscher Anne , Hejtmánek Jiří , Candolfi Christophe , Lenoir Pr. Bertrand 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTetrahedrites, a class of naturally‐occurring sulfosalts, recently emerged as interesting thermoelectric materials due to their semiconducting electronic properties combined with glass‐like thermal transport. Here, we demonstrate that the high thermoelectric performance of synthetic tetrahedrites can be maintained while being mixed with tetrahedrite minerals. The combination of ball‐milling and spark plasma sintering yields chemically‐homogeneous, dense polycrystalline samples with thermoelectric performance equivalent to those obtained in purely synthetic compounds with peak ZT values of ∼0.6 at 623 K. While ball‐milling significantly lowers the crystallite size, a complete solid solution between both types of tetrahedrites is only achieved through the sintering process. Not only do these findings confirm interesting prospects for the direct use of natural ores in the preparation of tetrahedrites, but they also further evidence the importance of the chemical compositions of the two initial tetrahedrites on the optimization of the thermoelectric properties of the final compound.
Exploring the association between early adaptive schemas and self‐reported eating disorder symptomatology
Authors: Maher Anthea L. , Allen Andrew , Mason Jonathan , Houlihan Catherine , Wood Andrew P. , Huckstepp Tyrone 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe current study aimed to examine the relationship between early adaptive schemas and eating disorder symptomatology in adults.MethodA cross‐sectional, correlational design was used to collect data from 352 females and 36 males aged between 18 and 49 years (M = 25.70, SD = 7.04). Participants completed an online questionnaire, which included The Young Positive Schema Questionnaire (YPSQ), Eating Disorder Examination‐Questionnaire (EDE‐Q) and demographic measures.ResultsFour separate hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that high levels of Healthy Boundaries and low levels of Optimism significantly predicted lower Restraint, Eating Concern, Shape Concern and Weight Concern scores. Additionally, higher scores in Emotional Openness and Social Belonging significantly predicted lower Eating Concern, while higher scores in Self‐Care significantly predicted lower levels of Shape Concern.ConclusionThe findings highlight the protective function that certain early adaptive schemas may play in mitigating eating disorder symptomatology. Moreover, the findings allude to potential modifiable therapy targets in the treatment of eating disorders. Further research is needed to investigate any differences in early adaptive schemas between eating disorder diagnoses.
Social acceptance of biodiversity offsetting: Motivations and practices in the designing of an emerging mechanism
Authors: Varumo Liisa , Kotilainen Juha M. , Primmer Eeva 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBiodiversity offsetting is a governance mechanism proposed as a solution to ecosystem degradation and the underlying economic drivers. Biodiversity offsetting's potential is often evaluated and argued with ecological and economic criteria. These factors are intertwined with a multitude of social and ideological conditions for acceptance and legitimacy, which have received less systematic empirical attention especially from the perspective of the actors who implement the offsets. In this paper, we empirically analyse how companies and authorities, the central actors applying biodiversity offsetting in practice, perceive the social acceptance in the design and implementation of the emerging mechanism in Finland. The interview data analysed with three interlinked dimensions of social acceptance, namely socio‐political acceptance, market acceptance and community acceptance reveal where the mechanism's implementation may face friction with the central actors. While the importance of social acceptance of biodiversity offsetting shows to be a priority for the actors that will be implementing the mechanism and carrying the responsibility of the offsets in practice, the division of roles and benefits remains a point of tension, in the political sphere, in the market and in the community. Our analysis points to the necessity of integrating social and local values alongside ecological and economic ones as a way to address social acceptance. Finding the limits to flexibility between ecological, economic and social aspects is important in order to reach the diverse objectives of a BO mechanism.
Coordination Chemistry of Ir with Chelating Ligands Containing a Xanthine‐Derived, Protic N‐Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Moiety
Authors: Bevilacqua Matteo , Giuso Valerio , Rancan Marzio , Armelao Lidia , Graiff Claudia , Baratta Walter , Di Marco Valerio , Biffis Andrea 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA series of protic N‐heterocyclic carbene ligand precursors based on theophylline or adenine has been prepared, and the reactivity and coordination chemistry of these proligands towards iridium(III) centers has been investigated. Complex formation appears to be highly dependent on the proligand structure. In one case, a particularly stable complex is formed that enables fully reversible protonation/deprotonation of the coordinated NHC moiety. The acidity constant of the protonated complex was consequently determined.
Parallelized continuous flow dielectrophoretic separation of DNA
Authors: Derksen Jakob , Viefhues Martina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNumerous microfluidic separation applications have been shown in the past years providing a fast analysis of biological samples like DNA or proteins. Microfluidic separation based on dielectrophoresis (DEP), that is the migration of a polarizable object in an inhomogeneous electric field, provides numerous advantages. However, the main drawback of DEP separation devices is that they are not sufficient for large‐scale sample purification due to the lack of high sample throughput. In this work, we present for the first time a microfluidic device with two parallelized dielectrophoretic separations of (biological) samples smaller than 1 µm. The separation is carried out by means of insulator‐based DEP, that is an insulating ridge reduced the flow through height and thus created a nanoslit at which the selective DEP forces occur. The device consists of a cross injector, two parallel operation regions and separate harvesting reservoirs where the samples are collected. Each DEP operation region contains an insulating ridge. We successfully demonstrate the separation of 100 and 40 nm beads and 10 and 5 kbp DNA with a separation purity of more than 80%. This states the proof‐of‐concept for up‐scaling of dielectrophoretic separation by parallelization. As the present technique is virtually label‐free, it offers a fast purification, for example in the production of gene vaccines.
Price discovery in China's crude oil futures markets: An emerging Asian benchmark?
Authors: Yu Ziliang , Yang Jian , Webb Robert I. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe examine the price discovery performance of China's crude oil futures traded on the Shanghai International Energy Exchange (INE) for the spot prices of 19 types of deliverable and nondeliverable Asian crude oil. We find evidence for the INE crude oil futures price discovery function even at the early stage for almost all the deliverable crudes and some nondeliverable crudes. Both the INE crude oil futures price and the spot price significantly contribute to the price discovery process, with substantially time‐varying informational roles. While the price discovery performance was severely damaged around the period of COVID‐19 pandemic shock intensification in China with the temporary cancellation of nighttime trading, it improved to some extent after China started the recovery from the shock. But such improvement deteriorated drastically and disappeared since early 2021. Further analysis reveals that both economic fundamentals (e.g., the warehouse inventory) and trading‐related characteristics of the futures market are significant determinants of the price discovery performance. The overall findings imply that the INE crude oil futures market has evolved into a useful and important information source in pricing Asian crudes, and is on the path to emerge as an Asian benchmark.
Morphological fingerprinting: Identifying patients with first‐episode schizophrenia using auto‐encoded morphological patterns
Authors: Sun Huaiqiang , Luo Guoting , Lui Su , Huang Xiaoqi , Sweeney John , Gong Qiyong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAlthough a large number of case–control statistical and machine learning studies have been conducted to investigate structural brain changes in schizophrenia, how best to measure and characterize structural abnormalities for use in classification algorithms remains an open question. In the current study, a convolutional 3D autoencoder specifically designed for discretized volumes was constructed and trained with segmented brains from 477 healthy individuals. A cohort containing 158 first‐episode schizophrenia patients and 166 matched controls was fed into the trained autoencoder to generate auto‐encoded morphological patterns. A classifier discriminating schizophrenia patients from healthy controls was built using 80% of the samples in this cohort by automated machine learning and validated on the remaining 20% of the samples, and this classifier was further validated on another independent cohort containing 77 first‐episode schizophrenia patients and 58 matched controls acquired at a different resolution. This specially designed autoencoder allowed a satisfactory recovery of the input. With the same feature dimension, the classifier trained with autoencoded features outperformed the classifier trained with conventional morphological features by about 10% points, achieving 73.44% accuracy and 0.8 AUC on the internal validation set and 71.85% accuracy and 0.77 AUC on the external validation set. The use of features automatically learned from the segmented brain can better identify schizophrenia patients from healthy controls, but there is still a need for further improvements to establish a clinical diagnostic marker. However, with a limited sample size, the method proposed in the current study shed insight into the application of deep learning in psychiatric disorders.
Influence of lyophilization primary drying time and temperature on porous silk scaffold fabrication for biomedical applications
Authors: Abbott Alycia , Gravina Mattea E. , Vandadi Mobin , Rahbar Nima , Coburn Jeannine M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLyophilization of protein solutions, such as silk fibroin (silk), produces porous scaffolds useful for tissue engineering (TE). The impact of modifying lyophilization primary drying parameters on scaffold properties has not yet been explored previously. In this work, changes to primary drying duration and temperature were investigated using 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12% (w/v) silk solutions, via protocols labeled as Long Hold, Slow Ramp, and Standard. The 9% and 12% scaffolds were not successfully fabricated using the Standard protocol, while the Long Hold and Slow Ramp protocols resulted in scaffolds from all silk solution concentrations. Scaffolds fabricated using the Long Hold protocol had higher Young's moduli, smaller pore Feret diameters, and faster degradation. To investigate the utility of the different lyophilized scaffolds for in vitro cell culturing, the HepaRG liver cell line was cultured in the 3% to 12% scaffolds fabricated using the Long Hold protocol. The HepaRG cells grown in 3% scaffolds initially had greater lipid accumulation and metabolic activity than the other groups, although these differences were no longer apparent by Day 28. The deoxyribonucleic acid content of the HepaRG cells grown in 3% scaffold group was also initially significantly higher than the other groups. Significant differences in gene expression by 9% scaffolded HepaRG cells (CK19, HNFα) were seen on Day 14 while significant differences by 12% scaffolded HepaRG cells (ALB, APOA4) were seen on Day 28. Overall, modifying the primary drying parameters and silk concentration resulted in lyophilized scaffolds with tunable properties useful for TE applications.
Enhanced catalytic activity of Fe–Ce catalysts determined by synergistic effect of different precursors in selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3
Authors: Guo Ning , Niu Ning , Wang Jia , Li Ting , Ding Aifang , Wang Xiaobo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundDeveloping environmentally benign and non‐vanadium SCR catalysts remains a challenging task for NOx abatement. In this article, Fe–Ce catalysts including Fe–Ce(S) and Fe(S)–Ce catalysts with different molar ratios of Fe/Ce were synthesized by different precursors of active species expecting to gain high catalytic activity for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3 in a wide temperature range.ResultsThe Fe–Ce(S) catalyst exhibited better catalytic activity than the Fe(S)–Ce catalyst. The characterization results indicated the Fe–Ce(S)catalyst possessed better dispersion of active species, which would favor the contact of active sites and reactant molecules and thus enhance the catalytic performance. Moreover, higher ratios of Fe3+ and Ce3+ and more surface chemisorbed oxygen were observed over the Fe–Ce(S) catalyst. In addition, the Fe–Ce(S) catalyst held better low‐temperature redox properties and more weak acid sites.ConclusionsThe precursor effect was closely related to the catalytic activity of catalysts. All of the mentioned above might be the main reasons for the superior catalytic performance of the Fe–Ce(S) catalyst, especially at low temperatures. These findings indicate that Fe–Ce(S) catalyst is a promising catalyst for the SCR reaction to replace V‐W‐Ti catalysts and can provide guidance for the development of environmentally benign and non‐vanadium SCR catalysts. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Noninvasive prenatal screening (NIPS) results for participants of the eXtraordinarY babies study: Screening, counseling, diagnosis, and discordance
Authors: Howell Susan , Davis Shanlee M. , Thompson Talia , Brown Mariah , Tanda Tanea , Kowal Karen , Alston Amanda , Ross Judith , Tartaglia Nicole R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSex chromosome aneuploidies (SCAs), including 47,XXY, 47,XXX, 47,XYY, and supernumerary variants, occur collectively in approximately one of 500 live births. Clinical phenotypes are highly variable resulting in previous ascertainment rates estimated to be only 10%–25% during a lifetime. Historically, prenatal SCA diagnoses were incidental findings, accounting for ≤10% of cases, with the majority of diagnoses occurring postnatally during evaluations for neurodevelopmental, medical, or infertility concerns. The initiation of noninvasive prenatal screening (NIPS) in 2012 and adoption into standardized obstetric care provides a unique opportunity to significantly increase prenatal ascertainment of SCAs. However, the impact NIPS has had on ascertainment of SCAs is understudied, particularly for those who may defer diagnostic testing until after birth. This study evaluates the timing of diagnostic testing following positive NIPS in 152 infants with SCAs and potential factors influencing this decision. Eighty‐seven (57%) elected to defer diagnostic testing after a positive NIPS until birth, and 8% (7/87) of those confirmed after birth were found to have discordant results on postnatal diagnostic testing, most of which would have influenced genetic counseling.
Latest Advances in Image Acceleration: All Dimensions are Fair Game
Authors: Munoz Camila , Fotaki Anastasia , Botnar René M. , Prieto Claudia 
Published: October 2022

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a versatile modality that can generate high‐resolution images with a variety of tissue contrasts. However, MRI is a slow technique and requires long acquisition times, which increase with higher temporal and spatial resolution and/or when multiple contrasts and large volumetric coverage is required. In order to speedup MR data acquisition, several approaches have been introduced in the literature. Most of these techniques acquire less data than required and exploit intrinsic redundancies in the MR images to recover the information that was not sampled. This article presents a review of MR acquisition and reconstruction methods that have exploited redundancies in the temporal, spatial, and contrast/parametric dimensions to accelerate image data acquisition, focusing on cardiac and abdominal MR imaging applications. The review describes how each of these dimensions has been separately exploited for speeding up MR acquisition to then discuss more advanced techniques where multiple dimensions are exploited together for further reducing scan times. Finally, future directions for multidimensional image acceleration and remaining technical challenges are discussed.Evidence Level5Technical Efficacy1