bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biochemical characterization of abnormally softened sardine “soggy meat” during the spring spawning migration
Authors: Ito Mayu , Noda Ryouga , Honda Sigetaka , Matsuoka Yukari , Igura Ruki , Ueda Himawari , Kinoshita Kana , Yamashita Michiaki , Inoue Masayuki 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
“Soggy meat”, which is abnormally softened crushed sardine meat, is often detected in canned sardines seasoned with tomato chili sauce. As soggy meat represents lysed and decomposed tissue, we examined protease activity in the sardine meat during the spawning season. Abnormally soft sardine meat is often found in canned sardine meat from fish caught during the spring, and landed at Choshi Fishing Port in Japan, located on the Pacific Ocean. We measured cathepsin L activity in the muscle and protein, lipid, and moisture, as well as the trace elemental concentrations. High cathepsin L activity was detected in February and March during the Pacific sardine spawning season. In addition, 4 of 20 fish had extremely high protease activity of more than 30 unit/g . Cathepsin L activity in the muscle was negatively correlated with selenium, protein, and lipid concentrations, indicating that sardines in the spring were starving during their spawning migration. Therefore, starved physiological conditions during the spawning season may be responsible for soggy meat.
Finite-time disturbance observer-based dynamic positioning control with prescribed performance for surface vessels
Authors: Gong Chenglong , Su Yixin , Zhu Quanxin , Zhang Danhong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates the dynamic positioning (DP) control problem of surface vessels with input saturation, external disturbances and error constraints, and a finite-time disturbance observer-based DP control law with prescribed performance is proposed. First, a smooth saturation approximation model is constructed to avoid input saturation, which integrates a stable auxiliary system to transform the design problem of the DP control law into the design problem of an auxiliary control signal. Next, by introducing an auxiliary dynamic, a finite-time disturbance observer is designed to estimate the external disturbance, and it is proved that the estimation error can converge to zero in finite-time. Specially, an adaptive update law is constructed to estimate the upper bound of the derivative of external disturbances, which releases the requirement for the prior knowledge of the disturbance in the observer design. Then, combined with finite-time performance functions and error transformation functions, a prescribed performance dynamic surface control (DSC) strategy is designed to realize the surface vessel's prescribed performance control with guaranteed transient and steady-state performance in finite-time. Moreover, all signals in the closed-loop control system are proved to be ultimately uniformly bounded. Finally, the numerical simulations of a surface vessel illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed DP control law.
Detecting aerofoil separation pre-cursors using on-board optical tracking of flexible pillar sensors
Authors: Selim Omar , Bruecker Christoph 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A novel approach for detecting characteristic flow signatures precursory to stall along aerofoils is introduced. It uses arrays of flexible wind-hair like sensors distributed around the aerofoil which are tracked remotely using high-speed imaging and processing. The sensors act as “digital tufts" providing real-time readings of local velocity information with a high temporal resolution. Such sensors are integrated into a NACA0012 aerofoil and tested in a wind-tunnel for varying angles of attack in static tests and dynamically in a ramp-up test. For the static tests, the mean values of the sensor signals provide information on local free-stream velocity and angle of incidence. The fluctuating part of the signals show that at angles approaching separation prominent low frequency oscillations are detected, the magnitudes of which scale with the angle of incidence. These are hypothesised to be linked to breathing modes of the Laminar Separation Bubble causing a shear-layer flapping observed on the sensors. Such low-frequency oscillations were also detected short before separation in the ramp-up studies. As the high-speed cameras are mounted in a simulated “on-board" position, the sensing method could be used for early stall warnings in small-scale UAVs with integrated on-board object tracking cameras.
A Novel polysaccharide DSPP-1 from Durian seed: structure characterization and its neuroprotective effects against Alzheimer's disease in a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model
Authors: Xiao ChuXiang , Chen Tiejun , Yuan Meng , Li Yu , Wang FengWu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Plant polysaccharides have attracted much attention because of their various biological activities. The structure characterization of polysaccharide from durian seed and its neuroprotective effects against Alzheimer's disease in a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model were conducted in this study. A water-soluble polysaccharide was obtained using atmospheric pressure plasma treatment, and named DSPP-1. DSPP-1 was composed of rhamnose, galactose and galacturonic acid and its molecular weight was 3.765×105 Da. The study in vitro showed that DPPH radical scavenging activity of DSPP-1 was 79.20% and the inhibitory rate on Aβ1−42 aggregation was 24.65%. In vivo results showed that DSPP-1 could decrease abnormal Aβ1−42 aggregation to delay the paralysis process of AD-nematodes. Moreover, DSPP-1 significantly improved the antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced lipid peroxidation in AD-nematodes. Taken together, these results indicated that DSPP-1 could be used as a potential natural source for the prevention and treatment of AD.
Cholecalciferol modulates fatty acid metabolism and calcium homeostasis in the heart
Authors: Ivkovic Tamara , Tepavcevic Snezana , Romic Snjezana , Stojiljkovic Mojca , Kostic Milan , Stanisic Jelena , Koricanac Goran , Culafic Tijana 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Besides the traditional role in regulating calcium metabolism, vitamin D regulates energy metabolism and heart function. Based on the data that cholecalciferol improved insulin signaling and glucose metabolism in the heart and reduced circulating non-esterified fatty acids, we examined the effect of this vitamin on the metabolism of fatty acids in the heart and the consequences on calcium handling responsible for regulating myocardial contraction-relaxation.
Methods
Twelve-week-old rats (n = 10 per group) were treated with cholecalciferol for six weeks. Blood lipid profile was determined. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to examine protein and mRNA expression.
Results
Cholecalciferol did not affect the expression of proteins involved in the transport of fatty acids in plasma membranes and mitochondria of heart cells, the expression of the β-oxidation enzyme, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase long chain, and the level of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alfa and Lipin1 in nuclear extract of heart cells. However, cholecalciferol-treated rats had increased acetyl CoA carboxylase 2 protein expression and decreased expression of malonyl CoA decarboxylase that regulates carnitine palmitoyltransferase–1 function via malonyl-coenzyme A. In addition, the expression of uncoupling protein 3 was elevated. Also, the level of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator in the nucleus of heart cells was increased along with the level of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase in microsomal fraction. In parallel, the expression of L-type calcium channel and ryanodine receptor was reduced.
Conclusion
In the heart of healthy rats, cholecalciferol moderately attenuates fatty acid metabolism and fine-tunes calcium handling in terms of reducing calcium levels in the cytosol.
Do elderly colorectal cancer patients experience more deterioration in health- related quality of life during the first year of palliative chemotherapy? – A prospective real-world observational study
Authors: Hatlevoll Ingunn , Kristensen Are Korsnes , Solheim Tora Skeidsvoll , Elvebakken Hege , Salvesen Øyvind , Oldervoll Line Merethe , Wibe Arne , Hofsli Eva 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The primary aim was to evaluate changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a real-life population among younger (< 70 years) and older patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) the first year of palliative chemotherapy. The secondary aims were to assess the impact of chemo-break on HRQoL and to report overall survival (OS).
Methods: Patients with newly diagnosis of mCRC, ≥ 18 years and scheduled for first line palliative chemotherapy, were included in this multicentre longitudinal observational study. The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (0-100) was filled in at baseline and every second month, and >20 points change was considered to be of a large clinical magnitude. Treatments, patient- and tumour characteristics were prospectively registered.
Results: Totally 214 patients were included, and 146 were alive after one year. Four months after start of treatment, 40% reported large deteriorations in fatigue and 25% in physical functioning. Changes in global Qol, physical- and role functioning, fatigue, pain, nausea and vomiting were not significantly different between the age groups and reached baseline levels after one year. Patients on chemo-break reported significant improvements in several HRQoL domains. Median OS was 17.5 months [95% CI 14.4-20.5] with no difference between younger and older patients.
Conclusion: Elderlypatients did not experience more deterioration in HRQoL than younger during the first year of palliative chemotherapy. Measures to mitigate the deterioration in fatigue and physical functioning observed during the first months of palliative treatment are warranted.
Trial registration: NCT02395224 , March 23, 2015, retrospectively registered.
Prognostic significance of myocardial salvage obtained by gated SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging using scoring evaluation method early after primary percutaneous coronary intervention in ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Li Ting , Dou Jing , Yao Qinghai , Su Xuexiao , Gao Mingdong , Xiao Yongjian , Liu Yin , Gao Jing , Xu Wengui 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose Myocardial salvage (MS) and myocardial salvage index(MSI) assessed by Gated SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (GSMPI) have demonstrated prognostic significance in ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI). However, this method requires GSMPI after tracer injection before percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI), so make it limited in clinical practice. This study aims to obtain the MSI by simple GSMPI early after primary PCI (PPCI) in STEMI , evaluate the predictive significance of MSI in efficacy of PCI and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Apply the scoring evaluation method innovatively different from the previous method, and confirm the former’s advantage.
Methods 62 patients with STEMI, who underwent GSMPI after PPCI. MS and MSI were obtained by scoring and the number evaluation method,respectively. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) before discharge and 6 months after PCI were estimated by cardiac ultrasound.Patients whose LVEF increased by at least 20% compared to baseline were defined as PCI-effective group. Compare the MS ,MSI and their prognostic significancein PCI efficacy between the two evaluation methods. Patients were divided into two groups according to the median MSI(0.27), over a median follow-up period of 270(128-366) days, estimate the prognostic significance of MSI on MACEs.
Results The MS and MSI were relevant [ r(MS)=0.491, r(MSI)=0.779, P< .05], but significant different by the two methods (P < .01). MSI by the scoring method showed the stronger prognostic value in PCI efficacy with AUC of 0.793, sensitivity: 71.40%, specificity: 73.70% than the number method with AUC of 0.634, sensitivity: 43.80%, specificity: 94.40% (all P<.05). COX prevalence of MACEs was significantly higher in the <median MSI group than≥median MSI [HR 0.20; 95% ci, 0.04–1.10; P <0.05].ROC analysis showed that MSI predict MACEs with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.870, sensitivity: 73.70%, specificity: 87.50%(P<0.01).There was a obvious linear correlation trend between MSI and LVEF before discharge by Jonckheere-Terpstra test( P< .05).
Conclusion MSI obtained from an simple GSMPI after re-perfusion on scoring evaluation method is a reliable prognostic indicator which provides feasible way to predict the PPCI efficacy and MACEs in STEMI patients.
Ligand design induced metal step-flow growth for deeply cyclable multivalent batteries
Authors: Zhang Weidong , Shen Zeyu , Mao Xianwen , Mao Jiale , Guo Junze , Fan Lei , Mao Shulan , Lu Yingying 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Disordered growth and coalescence of multivalent metal deposits and inefficient stripping behavior at battery anodes have long impeded the application of rechargeable metal batteries under practically-relevant deep cycling conditions. Here we report a conceptually new strategy for precise control over the electrochemical-active sites on the deposits by exploiting rigid, conjugated ligands to induce step-flow growth/stripping patterns. Scanning probe based characterizations clearly elucidated the correlation among site-dependent adsorption of ligands, interfacial chemical/electrical heterogeneities and structure information of deposits. The mediation of step-flow growth/stripping patterns leads to ultralong cycling lifespan (4000 h), high levels of anodic reversibility (99.72%), and greatly improved performance of anode-free batteries at high areal capacities. We show further that transformation of growth/coalescence patterns caused by molecular-designed ligands provides a general pathway for deeply cyclable metal batteries based on an impressive range of earth-abundant metal anodes (including Al, Zn, Mg) of current interest.
Dual-resonant scanning multiphoton microscope with ultrasound lens and resonant mirror for rapid volumetric imaging
Authors: Hsu Chia-Wei , Lin Chun-Yu , Hu Yvonne Yuling , Chen Shean-Jen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A dual-resonant scanning multiphoton (DRSM) microscope incorporating a tunable acoustic gradient index of refraction lens and a resonant mirror is developed for high-speed volumetric imaging. In the proposed microscope, the pulse train signal of a femtosecond laser is used to trigger an embedded field programmable gate array to sample the multiphoton excited fluorescence signal at the rate of one pixel per laser pulse. It is shown that a frame rate of around 8,000 Hz can be obtained in the x-z plane for an image region with a size of 256×80 pixels. Moreover, a volumetric imaging rate of over 30 Hz can be obtained for a large image volume of 343×343×120 µm3 with an image size of 256×256×80 voxels. The rapid volumetric imaging rate eliminates the aliasing effect for observed temporal frequencies lower than 15 Hz. The practical feasibility of the DRSM microscope is demonstrated by observing the mushroom bodies of a drosophila brain and performing 3D dynamic observations of moving 10-µm fluorescent beads.
A new hazard scenario at Vesuvius: deadly thermal impact of detached ash cloud surges in 79CE at Herculaneum
Authors: Pensa Alessandra , Giordano Guido , Petrone Pier Paolo , Corrado Sveva 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Ash cloud surges are capable to cause huge devastation and mortality around volcanoes, and temperature is a crucial parameter in assessing their lethal power. Reflectance analysis on carbonized wood from ancient Herculaneum allowed a new reconstruction of the thermal events that impacted buildings and humans during the 79CE Vesuvius eruption. Here we show that the first pyroclastic flow to enter the town was a short-lived ash cloud surge, detached from high concentration currents, with temperatures of 555 − 495°C capable of causing instant death of people, while leaving only a few decimeters of ash on ground. The subsequent pyroclastic currents progressively buried the town at temperatures between 465 − 390 and 350 − 315°C. Charcoal proved to be the only proxy capable of recording multiple, ephemeral extreme thermal events, allowing us to reveal for the first time the real thermal impact of the 79CE eruption. The lethal impact detected for ash cloud surges produced during ancient and recent volcanic eruptions suggests that such hazard deserves much more consideration at Vesuvius and elsewhere.
Impaired community assembly after depletion of key rhizosphere microorganisms compromises plant health
Authors: Zhou Yanyan , Yang Zhen , Liu Jinguang , Wang Xingxiang , Dai Chuan-Chao , Carrion Victor , Li Xiao-Gang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Rhizosphere microbial assembly is impacted by soil management history and plant fitness. Synergistic action and compensatory colonization were explored to program diverse rhizosphere community with effects on host plant health. However, the roles and positions of key populations that influence overall function during assembly remain largely unexplored. Here, we investigated the relationship between rhizosphere microbial assembly and plant heath under monocropping and rotation management regimes and the underlying mechanisms. We found unintended effects of filtering-out low-abundance communities assembled in the plant rhizosphere determine plant disease outcomes. Further, promotion of specific microbial consortia by root metabolisms adversely affect ecologically interdependent low-abundance taxa. We also demonstrated the importance of restoring the rhizosphere microbial community with a substantial participation of key microbes. The study highlights the collective importance of plant rhizosphere community for plant health, informing a potential strategy for efficient biological pest control.
Associations of prenatal Cadmium exposure and offspring cardiovascular structure development
Authors: Jiang Shiwei , Wang Jian , Wu Yujian , Du Bowen , Li Zhuoyan , Wang Hualin , Niu Yiwei , Wang Qianchuo , Liu Junxia , Huang Jihong , Du Qing , Sun Kun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective: The association of maternal heavy metal with childhood cardiovascular structure alterations has not been well established. This study aimed to assess the association of maternal exposure to cadmium (Cd) during early pregnancy with offspring cardiovascular structure in childhood.
Methods: A total of 380 mother-children pairs in Shanghai-Birth-Cohort (SBC) were included. Maternal Cd concentration in whole blood was measured in early-pregnancy. Echocardiograghy was done in offspring at 4 years of age. Generalized linear regression models (GLM) adjusted for potential confounders were applied. Mediation analysis was conducted to test the potential mediators.
Results: The mean of maternal blood Cd levels were 0.5 ± 0.3 μg/L. After adjusting for potential confounders, GLM models illustrated that higher maternal Cd level was significantly associated with smaller left ventricle diameters and wall thickness of child at the age of 4, including left ventricle diameter in systole(β =-0.784, 95% CI: -1.470, -0.097; P=0.026), interventricular septal thickness at diastole (β =-0.238, 95% CI: -0.429, -0.047; P=0.015), left ventricular mass index (β =-2.003, 95% CI: -3.507,-0.499; P=0.009), end systolic volume (β = -1.519, 95% CI: -2.834,-0.204; P=0.024), and end diastolic volume (β = -3.098, 95% CI: -6.107,-0.088; P=0.044). Mediation analysis showed that child body mass index (BMI) had uncomplete mediation effect in the association of maternal Cd exposure and offsrping cardiovascular structure.
Conclusions: These findings suggest that maternal Cd exposure during early pregnancy was adversely associated with children’s cardiovascular structure development including smaller ventricle diameters and wall thickness. And these effects would be mediated by lower offspring BMI.
Transferable Supervised Learning Model for Public Transport Service Load Estimation
Authors: Yin Tianwei , Nassir Neema , Leong Joseph , Tanin Egemen , Sarvi Marjid 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Detailed knowledge of service utilisation and passenger load profiles are the basis for the design, operation, and adjustment of a public transport service. The advancement in sensing technologies enable transit operators to monitor the variabilities in passenger flows continuously and consistently. There is a growing body of literature on using supervised learning models with direct passenger counts from historical observations. However, the incomplete, inaccurate, and biased data from automatic sensors pose a challenge in this process. This paper proposes novel supervised learning models to estimate public transport service load profile onboard, based on 1) limited data collected on a subset of service vehicles by automatic passenger counting (APC) systems, and 2) fare data collected by automated fare collection (AFC) systems, with the specific consideration that the developed models can be transferred across different routes. This is motivated by the commonly “limited coverage” of automated passenger counter devices on service vehicles. We introduce an array of new models and a superior segment-based model which demonstrates remarkable improvement in model transferability and accuracy. The proposed methodology uses separate methods in different segments of a transit line.
The proposed models are applied to three tram lines in Melbourne, Australia, where different types of shortcomings exist in the automated data. The test results show that the proposed models can be transferred and applied to other transit route without historical observations. This would allow transit operators to reduce the number of required devices and monitor service utilization more cost-efficiently, especially in public transport networks where AFC coverage is usually incomplete and negatively skewed. The information on service utilization will not only help operators to accommodate the variability in passenger demand, but also assist passengers in journey planning to avoid service overcrowding.