bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multi-analytical evaluation of the depositional pattern on open-air rock art panels at “Abrigo del Lince” (Badajoz, Spain)
Authors: Nicoli Maria , Eftekhari Negar , Vaccaro Carmela , Collado Giraldo Hipólito , Garcês Sara , Gomes Hugo , Lattao Virginia , Rosina Pierluigi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Microscopic observation correlated with chemical–mineralogical characterization was performed on pigment samples from “Abrigo del Lince” rock art site (V-IV millennium BC), in order to provide contributions to the study of prehistoric schematic art on granite in the province of Badajoz (Spain). The research objectives include the understanding of technological and cultural aspects, as well as of conservation and deterioration issues related to the pictographs. The multi-analytical approach encompasses the integration of microscopic observation, SEM–EDS analysis, micro-Raman spectroscopy, and ATR-FTIR and allowed to achieve a multispectral overview of the samples and to describe their varied composition and the alteration pattern which connects them. The main phases overlying the granitic bedrock and involved in this sequence are as follows: hematite, whewellite, and gypsum. While hematite could be stratigraphically considered the most ancient layer and assigned to the use of red ochre as a pigment, whewellite and gypsum are the main constituent of the alteration layer which forms a patina over the pictographs, due to weathering processes. Finally, the role of biofilms in rock art conservation is discussed, suggesting that, especially for what concern thin and homogenous layers of oxalates, their presence should not be necessarily considered an issue.
Multimodal medical image fusion algorithm based on pulse coupled neural networks and nonsubsampled contourlet transform
Authors: Ibrahim Sa.I. , Makhlouf M. A. , El-Tawel Gh.S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Combining two medical images from different modalities is more helpful for using the resulting image in the healthcare field. Medical image fusion means combining two or more images coming from multiple sensors. This technology obtains an output image that presents more effective and useful information from two images. This paper proposes a multi-modal medical image fusion algorithm based on the nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) and pulse coupled neural networks (PCNN) methods. The input images are decomposed using the NSCT method into low- and high-frequency subbands. The PCNN is a fusion rule for integrating both low- and high-frequency subbands. The inverse of the NSCT method is to reconstruct the fused image. The results of medical image fusion help doctors with disease diagnosis and patient treatment. The proposed algorithm is tested on six groups of multi-modal medical images using 100 pairs of input images. The proposed algorithm is compared with eight fusion methods. We evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm using the fusion metrics: peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), mutual information (MI), entropy (EN), weighted edge information (Q$$^{AB/F}$$

A
B
/
F

), nonlinear correlation information entropy (Q$$_{ncie}$$

ncie

), standard deviation (SD), and average gradient (AG). Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can perform better than other medical image fusion methods and achieve promising results.

Graphical abstract
When Islam goes to TED: features of a postsecular storytelling on Islam in new media
Authors: Mamalipurath Jasbeer Musthafa 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNew media studies on Islam are focused on investigating the characteristics of Islamic discourse or Muslim practices in digital landscape. Since there is increasing visibility of knowledge production on Islam by non-Islamic, secular middlebrow spaces such as TED, it is significant to examine their way of communicating Islamic ideas to a global audience. By conducting a discourse analysis of TED Talks on Islam, this study explores the dominant discursive strategies of TED Talks on Islam. By doing so, this study introduces how a more empirically and context-oriented understanding of the concept of the postsecular would benefit considerably from examining the discursive features of the contemporary nexus of Islam, new media, popular culture, and storytelling. Three main discourse features are found: (1) emphasis on a Judeo-Christian framework, (2) use of awe-inducing, personalized storytelling, and (3) secular translation of Islamic themes. While this emerging online-mediated discourse on Islam informs about new storytelling strategies, the language used adopts a highly attenuated perception of Islamic themes, and a great deal of traditional Islamic interpretation is replaced with excessively individualistic assumptions that are often tailored to cater to Western secular liberal mindsets.
A generalized Frank–Wolfe method with “dual averaging” for strongly convex composite optimization
Authors: Zhao Renbo , Zhu Qiuyun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe propose a simple variant of the generalized Frank–Wolfe method for solving strongly convex composite optimization problems, by introducing an additional averaging step on the dual variables. We show that in this variant, one can choose a simple constant step-size and obtain a linear convergence rate on the duality gaps. By leveraging the convergence analysis of this variant, we then analyze the local convergence rate of the logistic fictitious play algorithm, which is well-established in game theory but lacks any form of convergence rate guarantees. We show that, with high probability, this algorithm converges locally at rate O(1/t), in terms of certain expected duality gap.
Sustainable pathways towards climate and biodiversity goals in the UK: the importance of managing land-use synergies and trade-offs
Authors: Smith Alison C. , Harrison Paula A. , Leach Nicholas J. , Godfray H. Charles J. , Hall Jim W. , Jones Sarah M. , Gall Sarah S. , Obersteiner Michael 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAgricultural and environmental policies are being fundamentally reviewed and redesigned in the UK following its exit from the European Union. The UK government and the Devolved Administrations recognise that current land use is not sustainable and that there is now an unprecedented opportunity to define a better land strategy that responds fully to the interconnected challenges of climate change, biodiversity loss and sustainable development. This paper presents evidence from three pathways (current trends, sustainable medium ambition, and sustainable high ambition) to mid-century that were co-created with UK policymakers. The pathways were applied to a national integrated food and land-use model (the FABLE calculator) to explore potential synergies and trade-offs between achieving multiple sustainability targets under limited land availability and constraints to balance food supply and demand at national and global levels. Results show that under the Current Trends pathway all unprotected open natural land would be converted to urban, agriculture and afforested land, with the consequence that from 2030 onwards tree planting targets could not be met. In contrast, the two sustainable pathways illustrate how dietary change, agricultural productivity improvements and waste reduction can free up land for nature recovery and carbon sequestration. This enables a transition to a sustainable food and land-use system that provides a net carbon sink with up to 44% of land able to support biodiversity conservation. We highlight key trade-offs and synergies, which are important to consider for designing and implementing emerging national policies. These include the strong dependence of climate, food and biodiversity targets on dietary shifts, sustainable improvements in agricultural productivity, improved land-use design for protecting and restoring nature, and rapid reductions in food loss and waste.
Anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty in patients under 50 and over 80 years of age. Part 2
Authors: Raniga Sumit , Arenas-Miquelez Antonio , Bokor Desmond J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAnatomic total shoulder arthroplasty is a widely used definitive surgical solution for end-stage glenohumeral joint osteoarthritis and is associated with good clinical outcomes. Anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty has a role for patients under 50 years of age who have exhausted nonoperative management and for patients over 80 years of age with an intact rotator cuff. Patients younger than 50 place greater demands on their replaced shoulders, raising concerns about implant survivorship and in particular the failure of the glenoid component. There are limited data on the long-term survivorship of anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty in patients under the age of 50 years in the literature. Modern bone-preserving designs utilizing newer materials may contribute to improved outcomes and survivorship. Achieving comparable functional outcomes in patients over 80 years of age remains a challenge with concerns related to rotator cuff failure. However, in appropriately selected patients over the age of 80 years, an anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty provides better pain relief and function than a reverse total shoulder arthroplasty.
A Township Complete in Itself: The London County Council Architects and the Building of Becontree, 1919–34
Authors: Metz Christopher 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTBetween the first and second world wars, the London County Council (LCC) provided 82,000 working-class cottages and flats, of which 25,000 were built on the vast Becontree estate in the east of the metropolis. With these immense housing operations in hand, the LCC drastically increased its technical and administrative staff, becoming one of the largest municipal housing authorities in the world. This article sheds light on the organisation and functioning of the LCC Architect’s Department through analysis of the Becontree estate. Despite the extensive literature on municipal housing in the inter-war years, the council’s own architects during this period have remained almost entirely unknown. Contrary to the widespread preconception of the ‘official architect’, the LCC Architect’s Department evaluated and revised its organisational structure and managed to maintain a remarkable variety and complexity in its urbanistic approach — despite the overarching principles of standardisation and simplification, and despite its limited influence in relation to other departments within the LCC. Analysis of archival sources reveals the identity of these official architects and questions whether the organisational structure of the LCC Architect’s Department as a bureaucracy was reflected in the character of its housing estates.
Architecture and the Collective: Structures and Processes of Architectural Work in the GDR
Authors: Herold Stephanie 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTIn the 1950s, the German Democratic Republic (GDR) undertook a strict centralisation and collectivisation of the construction industry, including the entire field of architecture. As a result, architecture was practised almost exclusively within the framework of state-controlled enterprises, the units of which formed ‘collectives’ that structured professional cooperation. In line with the political and organisational significance of the collective, the aim was continuously to enhance the efficiency of the construction industry and to integrate into the socialist system a branch — namely, the architectural profession — that tended to be perceived as bourgeois and individualistic. Against this background, both the role of the architect within the collective and the best functioning of such units on a creative and economic level were subjects of constant discussion. Yet the system also allowed various possibilities for latitude. Facilitated by individual personalities and intersubjective processes, personal and creative possibilities existed within an otherwise highly regulated system. This article explores the three levels of the meaning and function of the collective — as a political, bureaucratic and social space — by addressing its historical origins and nature and by examining two case studies in which, notwithstanding official theory, individual architects were able to exercise a considerable degree of creative autonomy.
Characterizing barriers to antibiotic stewardship for skin and soft-tissue infections in the emergency department using a systems engineering framework
Authors: Pulia Michael S. , Schwei Rebecca J. , Hesse Steven P. , Werner Nicole E. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective:
Skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs) account for 3% of all emergency department (ED) encounters and are frequently associated with inappropriate antibiotic prescribing. We characterized barriers and facilitators to optimal antibiotic use for SSTIs in the ED using a systems engineering framework and matched them with targeted stewardship interventions.

Design and participants:
We conducted semistructured interviews with a purposefully selected sample of emergency physicians.

Methods:
An interview guide was developed using the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS) framework. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed iteratively until conceptual saturation was achieved. Themes were identified using deductive directed content analysis guided by the SEIPS model.

Results:
We conducted 20 interviews with physicians of varying experience and from different practice settings. Identified barriers to optimal antibiotic prescribing for SSTIs included poor access to follow-up (organization), need for definitive diagnostic tools (tools and technology) and fear over adverse outcomes related to missed infections (person). Identified potential interventions included programs to enhance follow-up care; diagnostic aides (eg, rapid MRSA assays for purulent infections and surface thermal imaging for cellulitis); and shared decision-making tools.

Conclusions:
Using a systems engineering informed qualitative approach, we successfully characterized barriers and developed targeted antibiotic stewardship interventions for SSTIs managed in the ED work system. The interventions span multiple components of the ED work system and should inform future efforts to improve antibiotic stewardship for SSTIs in this challenging care setting.
Ecologies of Development: Ecophilosophies and Indigenous Action on the Tana River
Authors: Parker James D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article argues for a reorientation of African environmental history that incorporates localized ecophilosophies, racial ecologies, and environmental justice, and posits that doing so allows us to challenge the sociocultural and ecological implications of colonial and postcolonial environmental development more rigorously in East Africa. Focusing on Kenya, I argue that environmental justice-oriented histories of economic development elevate the subjectivities, cosmologies, and experiences of rural Kenyan populations rather than reducing the environment and its resources to their instrumental qualities On the Tana River, pastoral and riverine groups such as the Pokomo and Orma suffered and challenged the exigencies of water extraction in specific ways tied to their existing relationships with the local environment. By looking at the ways rural communities in arid regions framed their environmental relationships, we can begin to appreciate the specific modalities and cosmologies through which they resisted the imposition of cash crop agriculture and water development. The article demonstrates an interdisciplinary approach utilizing Black ecologies and environmental justice frameworks that restores vitality to the rural experience of imperialism and offers more rigorous critiques of global development dogmas under racial capitalism, particularly surrounding the omnipresent threat of ecocide driven by dispossession, resource extraction, toxicity, and climate change.
MARINE RESERVOIR EFFECT OF SPERMACETI, A WAX OBTAINED FROM THE HEAD OF THE SPERM WHALE: A FIRST ESTIMATION FROM MUSEUM SPECIMENS
Authors: Beck Lucile , Caffy Ingrid , Delqué-Količ Emmanuelle , Dumoulin Jean-Pascal , Hain Stéphane , Moreau Christophe , Perron Marion , Sieudat Marc , Thellier Bruno , Van Hove Charlotte 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTSpermaceti is a waxy substance found in the head cavities of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus and P. catodon). This substance had a variety of commercial applications from the end of the 18th to the beginning of the 20th century, such as candles, soap, cosmetics and other compounds. Spermaceti was also occasionally used as wax for modeling sculptures. In order to date such artworks the marine reservoir effect (MRE) has to be considered. The chemical library of the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (Paris, France) contains samples of spermaceti studied by the French chemist M. E. Chevreul (1786–1889) at the beginning of the 19th century. Eight samples of substances preserved in their original containers were 14C dated. According to the whaling practices and the publications of Chevreul, we estimated that the spermaceti samples came from whales caught between 1805 and 1815. AMS 14C dating results are from 550 to 1180 ± 30 BP, R values between 393 and 1023 (± 34) 14C yr and ΔR between –168 and 504 (± 60) 14C yr. The values presented here are the first ever obtained for spermaceti. However, being based on museum specimens, further measurements on crude material would be necessary to refine these results.
Vitamin D and smell impairment: a systematic literature review
Authors: Ang W W , Goh E T , Lai K , McKay-Davies I 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveSmell impairment affects 60–80 per cent of individuals aged over 80 years. This review aimed to identify any association between vitamin D deficiency and smell impairment, and determine the efficacy of vitamin D to treat smell impairment.MethodsA literature search was conducted across four databases between the years 2000 and 2022. The literature screen was performed by two independent reviewers.ResultsSeven articles were included in this review. Four studies examined the association between vitamin D deficiency and smell impairment, with three studies identifying a significant relationship. Three studies investigated the use of vitamin D as treatment for smell impairment, which found complete resolution or significant symptom improvement after vitamin D deficiency was treated.ConclusionThis review identified limited studies on this topic. As vitamin D supplementation is relatively cost-efficient, further large-scale studies should be carried out to investigate the efficacy of vitamin D for treating anosmia.
Hard ticks in Burmese amber with Australasian affinities
Authors: Chitimia-Dobler Lidia , Dunlop Jason A. , Pfeffer Timo , Würzinger Felix , Handschuh Stephan , Mans Ben J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThree examples of metastriate hard ticks (Ixodida: Ixodidae) with apparent affinities to modern Australasian genera are described from the mid-Cretaceous (ca. 100 Ma) Burmese amber of Myanmar. Two nymphs of Bothriocroton muelleri sp. nov. represent the oldest (and only) fossil record of this genus, living members of which are restricted to Australia and predominantly feed on monitor lizards, snakes and echidnas. A female of Archaeocroton kaufmani sp. nov. shares its basis capitulum shape with the tuatara tick Archaeocroton sphenodonti (Dumbleton, 1943), the only extant member of this genus and an endemic species for New Zealand. The presence of 2 Australasian genera in Burmese amber is consistent with a previous record of an Ixodes Latreille, 1795 tick from this deposit which resembles Australian members of this genus. They further support an emerging hypothesis that fauna of the amber forest, which may have been on an island at the time of deposition, was at least partly Gondwanan in origin. A revised evolutionary tree for Ixodida is presented compiling data from several new Burmese amber ticks described in the last few years.
Large‐Scale Depletion of Nighttime Oxygen Ions at the Low and Middle Latitudes in the Winter Hemisphere
Authors: Li L. Y. , Zhou S. P. , Cao J. B. , Yang J. Y. , Berthelier J. J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBy analyzing the latitudinal distributions of ionospheric ions observed by the Detection of Electro‐Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions satellite at 670 km altitude in different seasons, we found that the large‐scale depletion of nighttime oxygen ions is prevalent at the low and middle latitudes of winter hemisphere (center ∼ 30°) under different geomagnetic conditions. The latitudinal width of the winter oxygen ion depletion (WOD) region is about 20°–60° at different longitudes, and its upper boundary latitudes are mostly lower than the midlatitude trough (|λ| ≥ 50°) of nighttime hydrogen ions (H+) near the plasmapause. In the WOD region, the density ratio of oxygen and hydrogen ions and that of their neutral densities (O and H) approximately agree with the chemical equilibrium relationship of charge exchange reactions (H + O+ ↔ H+ + O) predicted by previous theory, indicating that the charge exchange reactions are mainly responsible for the large‐scale oxygen ion depletion at the low and middle latitudes in winter hemisphere.
Solar Wind Impact on ENAs From Earth's Subsolar Magnetosheath
Authors: Starkey M. J. , Dayeh M. A. , Fuselier S. A. , Petrinec S. M. , McComas D. J. , Ogasawara K. , Szalay J. R. , Schwadron N. A. , Sokół J. M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs the solar wind (SW) crosses Earth's bow shock, it is heated and decelerated, resulting in a hot and dense magnetosheath ion population. This increases the probability of charge exchange between a magnetosheath proton and a geocoronal Hydrogen atom, which produces energetic neutral atoms (ENAs). These ENAs propagate away from the magnetosheath carrying information about the inherent properties of the progenitor plasma. In this work, ENA fluxes from the subsolar magnetosheath, observed by the Interstellar Boundary Explorer, are compared to SW conditions. These comparisons reveal that the passband‐weighted average differential flux of ENAs is strongly influenced by the SW density, and that ENA spectra flatten with increasing SW speed and temperature, and steepen with increasing SW density. In addition, there is evidence from ENA spectra for different interplanetary magnetic field configurations that most of the ENAs observed by Interstellar Boundary Explorer come from the specularly reflected proton population in the magnetosheath.
Epigenome-wide DNA methylation analysis of whole blood cells derived from patients with GAD and OCD in the Chinese Han population
Authors: Guo Liangkun , Ni Zhaojun , Wei Guiming , Cheng Weiqiu , Huang Xuebing , Yue Weihua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGeneralized anxiety disorder (GAD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) had high comorbidity and affected more than 44 million people around the world leading to a huge burden on health and economy. Here, we conducted an epigenome-wide DNA methylation study employing 93 patients with GAD, 65 patients with OCD, and 302 health controls, to explore epigenetic alterations associated with the onset and differences of GAD and OCD. We identified multiple differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and regions (DMRs): three DMP genes included RIOK3 (cg21515243, p = 8.00 × 10−10), DNASE2 (cg09379601, p = 1.10 × 10−9), and PSMB4 (cg01334186, p = 3.70 × 10−7) and two DMR genes USP6NL (p = 4.50 × 10−4) and CPLX1 (p = 6.95 × 10−4) were associated with the onset of GAD and OCD; three DMPs genes included LDLRAP1 (cg21400344, p = 4.40 × 10−12), ACIN1 (cg23712970, p = 2.98×10−11), and SCRT1 (cg25472897, p = 5.60 × 10−11) and three DMR genes WDR19 (p = 3.39 × 10−3), SYCP1 (p = 6.41 × 10−3), and FAM172A (p = 5.74 × 10−3) were associated with the differences between GAD and OCD. Investigation of epigenetic age and chronological age revealed a different epigenetic development trajectory of GAD and OCD. Conclusively, our findings which yielded robust models may aid in distinguishing patients from healthy controls (AUC = 0.90–0.99) or classifying patients with GAD and OCD (AUC = 0.89–0.99), and may power the precision medicine for them.