bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of domain-specific physical activity with chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study
Authors: He Fan , Hu Zixin , Li Yi , Zhang Hui 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction

Physical activity (PA) is associated with lower risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the evidence of relationship between domain-specific PA and CKD has not been adequately elucidated. We aimed to investigate associations of occupation-related (OPA), transportation-related (TPA) and leisure-time PA (LTPA) with CKD in middle-aged and older adults.

Methods

A total of 19221 participants aged ≥ 45 years from the 2007–2018 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. PA domains were assessed by self-reported questionnaire and categorized based on the PA Guidelines for Americans. CKD defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73m2, or urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio > 30 mg/g.

Results

Participants achieving PA guidelines (≥ 150 min/week) were 23% (Odd ratio [OR] 0.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.72–0.83), 11% (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.81–0.96) and 28% (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.65–0.78) less likely to have CKD depending on total PA, OPA and LTPA, respectively; while TPA was not demonstrated lower risks of CKD. The multivariate-adjusted ratios associated with total PA of 1-149, 150–299 and ≥ 300 min/week were 0.81 (95% CI 0.72–0.90), 0.74 (95% CI 0.65–0.84) and 0.71 (95% CI 0.66–0.78) for CKD, respectively. The multivariate-adjusted ratios associated with OPA of ≥ 300 min/week were 0.88 (95% CI 0.80–0.97) for CKD. The multivariate-adjusted ratios associated with LTPA of 1-149, 150–299 and ≥ 300 min/week were 0.80 (95% CI 0.72–0.90), 0.71 (95% CI 0.62–0.80) and 0.68 (95% CI 0.60–0.76) for CKD, respectively.

Conclusion

LTPA and OPA, but not TPA, was associated with lower risk of CKD in middle-aged and older adults.
Elliptical and spherical heads show similar obligate glenohumeral translation during axial rotation in total shoulder arthroplasty
Authors: Muench Lukas N. , Murphey Matthew , Oei Bridget , Kia Cameron , Obopilwe Elifho , Cote Mark P. , Mazzocca Augustus D. , Berthold Daniel P. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background

Elliptical shape humeral head prostheses have been recently proposed to reflect a more anatomic shoulder replacement. However, its effect on obligate glenohumeral translation during axial rotation compared to a standard spherical head is still not well understood. The purpose of the study was to compare obligate humeral translation during axial rotation using spherical and elliptical shaped humeral head prostheses. It was hypothesized that the spherical head design would show significantly more obligate translation when compared to the elliptical design.

Methods

Six fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders were utilized for biomechanical testing of internal (IR) and external (ER) rotation at various levels of abduction (0°, 30°, 45°, 60°) with lines of pull along each of the rotator cuff muscles. Each specimen underwent the following three conditions: (1) native; total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) using (2) an elliptical and (3) spherical humeral head implant. Obligate translation during IR and ER was quantified using a 3-dimensional digitizer. The radius of curvature of the superoinferior and anteroposterior dimensions of the implants was calculated across each condition.

Results

Posterior and inferior translation of spherical and elliptical heads during ER was similar at all abduction angles (P > 0.05, respectively). Compared to the native humeral head, both implants demonstrated significantly decreased posterior translation at 45° (elliptical: P = 0.003; spherical: P = 0.004) and 60° of abduction (elliptical: P < 0.001; spherical: P < 0.001). During internal rotation at 0° abduction, the spherical head showed significantly more compound motion (P = 0.042) compared to the elliptical head. The spherical implant also demonstrated increased anterior translation and compound motion during internal rotation at 60° abduction (P < 0.001) compared to the resting state. This difference was not significant for the native or elliptical head design at this angle (P > 0.05).

Conclusions

In the setting of TSA, elliptical and spherical head implants showed similar obligate translation during axial rotation. A gained understanding of the consequences of implant head shape in TSA may guide future surgical implant choice for better recreation of native shoulder kinematics and potentially improved patient outcomes.

Level of Evidence

Controlled Laboratory Study
Conformational dynamics of cohesin/Scc2 loading complex are regulated by Smc3 acetylation and ATP binding
Authors: Hu Bin , Kaushik Aditi , Than Thane , Petela Naomi , Voulgaris Menelaos , Percival Charlotte , Daniels Peter , Rafferty John , Nasmyth Kim 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The ring-shaped cohesin complex is the key player in sister chromatid cohesion, DNA repair, and gene transcription. The loading of cohesin to chromosomes requires the loader Scc2 and is regulated by ATP. This process is also hindered by Smc3 acetylation. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this inhibition remains mysterious. Here we identify a novel configuration of Scc2 with pre-engaged cohesin and reveal dynamic conformations of the cohesin/Scc2 complex in the loading reaction. We demonstrate that Smc3 acetylation blocks the association of Scc2 with pre-engaged cohesin by impairing the interaction of Scc2 with Smc3’s head. Lastly, we show that ATP binding induces the cohesin/Scc2 complex to clamp DNA by promoting the interaction between Scc2 and Smc3 coiled coil. Our results illuminate a dynamic reconfiguration of the cohesin/Scc2 complex during loading and indicate how Smc3 acetylation and ATP regulate this process.
High fluorescence performance lignin-based carbon quantum dots prepared by supercritical catalytic and solvothermal treatment for target tumor labelling
Authors: Zhao Siyu , Yue Guihua , Liu Xiaoli , Qin Shiru , Wang Baosu , Zhao Peitao , Ragauskas Arthur J. , Wu Min , Song Xueping 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The poor fluorescence performance of lignin-based carbon quantum dots (L-CQDs) prepared using the bottom-up method has hindered their development. In this study, a two-step strategy was proposed to efficiently enhance the fluorescence properties of L-CQDs. Lignin was first cracked using an ethanol supercritical/noble metal catalyst; then, the L-CQDs were prepared with the cracked lignin fragments as carbon precursors without adding any modified reagents. Compared with the OL-CQDs prepared by the traditional one-pot hydrothermal method, the L-CQDs-1 prepared from CL-1 containing much low molecular weight compounds, and have photoluminescence (increased from 63 to 975) and excellent up-conversion photoluminescence (enhanced by 16.3 to 963), which significantly enhanced by about 15 times and 60 times, respectively. They can emit bright blue fluorescence under both ultraviolet and near-infrared light irradiation owing to a large amount of surface defects caused by the rich compound composition. When L-CQDs-1 were combined with, and quenched by folic acid (FA), the prepared FA@L-CQDs-1 show the ability to target and label tumor cells. This study opens new avenues for the preparation of L-CQDs with high fluorescence performance using lignocellulosic material without heteroatom additives.
2D/2D g-C 3 N 4 /BiOCl with oxygen vacancy heterostructure by grinding for improved visible-light-driven photocatalyst
Authors: Hou Jianhua , Wang Haoyi , Qin Rongrong , Zhang Qikai , Wu Di , Hou Zhenhua , Yang Wei , Tahir Muhammad , Hussain Asif , Yin Weiqin , Zhang Yongcai , Wang Xiaozhi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Here, a novel 2D/2D g-C3N4/BiOCl (CN/BOC) heterojunction photocatalyst is synthesized by grinding at room temperature. The porous CN nanosheets not only facilitate the in situ nucleation and growth of BOC to form thin nanosheets and constitute an intimate contact interface, but also introduce more oxygen vacancies (OVs) in the grinding process. The 2D/2D structure of the CN/BOC heterojunction has a good interface and generates a built-in electric field, which can improve the photogenerated e− and h+ separation. The synergistic effect of the heterostructure and OVs makes the photocatalyst function significantly better than the single CN and BOC under visible light. The preferred CN/BOC-5 heterojunction of the degradation rate for tetracycline (TC) is 89.8% within 2 h, which is 1.9 and 1.2 times faster than CN and BOC. It also reduced CO2 to CO at a rate of 2.00 µ mol h− 1 g− 1, 1.1 and 3.2 times faster than CN and BOC, respectively. The mechanism for the photocatalytic of CN/BOC-5 is revealed. It implies, that the effectiveness of photo-induced carrier separation and visible-light photo-absorption are both considerably increased by the synergistic interaction between OVs and 2D/2D heterojunction. This research may open up new possibilities for the logical design of effective photocatalysts through 2D/2D heterojunctions with OVs as an easy way for environmental remediation.
Unexpected findings: Loss of Corneal Endothelial Cells in Uygur Patients with Exfoliation syndrome in XinJiang, China
Authors: Ma Yinu , Li Qin , Dong Yue , Yi Xianglong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose: This study had investigated anterior segment parameters in XFS/G patients.
Methods: This was a retrospective case series. Totally 56 (112 eyes) unrelated XFS/G (XFS, 26/60 eyes; XFG, 30/44 eyes) cases and 100 (200 eyes) age-related cataract cases (control group) were assessed, who attended the ophthalmology department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. Clinical data, including eye axis (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), white to white (W-W), central corneal thickness (CCT) and corneal endothelial cell density (ECD), were collected for statistical analysis.
Results: ECD significantly differed between the XFS/G and age-related cataract groups, but the remaining indexes were not statistically different. Ocular parameters in patients with XFS and XFG differed from those of age-related cataract cases, and these results were consistent. XFS and XFG patients had no statistically significant differences.
Conclusions: ECD is reduced in XFS/G patients compared with age-related cataract subjects. One should still be vigilant to improve the safety of surgery in XFS/G patients and to prevent the problem before it occurs.
Long-term treatments results for papillary thyroid carcinoma at a single general hospital
Authors: Kojima Tsuyoshi , Oyagi Seiji , Okanoue Yusuke , Hori Ryusuke , Shoji Kazuhiko , Takagita Shin-ichi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Purpose: As papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a slow-growing tumor, there are cases where recurrence or metastasis occurs more than 10 years after treatment. Therefore, it is crucial to consider long-term outcomes. In this study, we reported the long-term prognosis of patients with PTC at our institution. Methods: Our retrospective study was conducted on 445 patients with PTC who underwent an initial operation between 1977 and 1996 at our institution and were followed up for at least 1 year. The average age at initial surgery was 52 years, and the mean observation period was 20 years. Results: The disease-specific survival rates (DSS) at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 years were 98.6%, 97.1%, 96.2%, 95.5%, and 94.5%, respectively. There were significant differences in OS according to sex, age, pathological node metastasis, and distant metastasis in the multivariate analysis. In patients aged < 55 years, the disease-free survival rates (DFS) at 20 years was 86.5%, while the DSS was 99.1% in stage II. In patients aged ≥ 55 years, DSS and DFS worsened with increasing stage. In N + patients classified as stage II, the prognosis was worse, especially in patients with N1b disease. Conclusion: In patients aged ≥ 55 years, aggressive treatment was necessary for stage III/IV and N1b cases classified as stage II. With the development and widespread use of more advanced equipment, it is expected that treatment decisions will be made based on more accurate preoperative examinations in the future.
Protocol for a multi-site randomised controlled feasibility study investigating intermittently scanned blood glucose monitoring for gestational diabetes- the RECOGNISE study
Authors: Davies Anna , Lenguerrand Erik , Scott Eleanor , Kandiyali Rebecca , Douek Isabelle , Norman Jane , Loose Abi , Sawyer Lynn , Timlin Laura , Burden Christy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Abstract Background: Incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing and is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes including macrosomia, pre-eclampsia and pre-term delivery. Optimum glycaemic control is associated with reduction in adverse perinatal outcomes. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) informs users about interstitial glucose levels allowing early detection of glycaemic excursions and pharmacological or behavioural intervention. Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) of CGM in pregnant women with Type 1 diabetes mellitus demonstrate effectiveness for improved perinatal outcomes. Few adequately powered RCTs to evaluate CGM for adverse perinatal outcomes in women with GDM have been undertaken.
We aim to establish the feasibility of a multi-site RCT to evaluate the clinical- and cost-effectiveness of an intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitor (isCGM) compared with self-monitored blood glucose (SMBG) in women with GDM for reducing fetal macrosomia and improving maternal and fetal outcomes. We will evaluate recruitment and retention rates, adherence to device requirements, adequacy of data capture and acceptability of trial design and isCGM devices. Methods: Open-label multicentre randomised controlled feasibility trial. Inclusion criteria: pregnant women, singleton pregnancy, recent diagnosis of GDM (within 14 days of commencing medication, up to 32+0 weeks gestation) prescribed metformin and/or insulin. Women will be consecutively recruited and randomised to isCGM (FreestyleLibre2) or SMBG. At every antenatal visit, glucose measurements will be evaluated. The SMBG group will use blinded isCGM for 14 days at baseline (~12-32 weeks) and ~34-36 weeks. The primary outcome is the recruitment rate and absolute number of women participating. Clinical assessments of maternal and fetal/infant health will be undertaken at baseline, birth, up to ~13 weeks postnatal. Psychological, behavioural and health economic measures will be assessed at baseline and ~34-36 weeks gestation. Qualitative interviews will be undertaken with study decliners, participants and professionals to explore trial acceptability, of using isCGM and SMBG.
Discussion: GDM can negatively impact pregnancy outcomes. isCGM could offer a timely, easy-to-engage-with intervention, to improve glycaemic control, potentially reducing adverse pregnancy, birth and long-term health outcomes for mother and child. This study will determine the feasibility of conducting a large-scale multisite RCT of isCGM in women with GDM.
Trial registration: This study has been registered with the ISRCTN(reference:
ISRCTN42125256, Date registered: 07/11/2022)
https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN42125256
Sustainable coke-resistant Ca-Al nano-sized catalyst for cogenerating of H2 and high value liquid fuels via pyrolysis catalytic steam reforming reaction of the polystyrene-phenol mixture
Authors: Nabgan Walid , Ikram Muhammad , Alqaraghuli Hasan , Parashuram Lakshminarayana , Tran Thuan Van , Abdullah Tuan Amran Tuan , Djellabi Ridha , Medina Francisco 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe main challenge of pyrolysis-catalytic steam reforming to convert polystyrene wastes into high value products is the low selectivity and coke formation on the catalyst's surface. This work aims to design a highly catalytic active precious metal-free Ca-Al nanocatalyst, synthesized by impregnation and hydrothermal routes, for the conversion of polystyrene (PS) dissolved in phenol into H2gas and liquid fuels via pyrolysis-catalytic steam reforming reaction using a well-designed setup reactor. The effect of physicochemical properties of the catalyst on the conversion mechanism. It was found that the catalyst with high γ-Al2O3 content (2Ca3Al) had an excellent overall performance due to its high surface area, sufficient holes uniformly distributed Ca and Al alloy, surface hydroxyl groups, and oxygen vacancies. The obtained phenol conversion and H2yield of the 2Ca3Al nanocatalyst at 700oC were 98.5% and 92.5%, respectively. The main detected compounds in the liquid product were tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide (TBH) and Dixanthogen. The relationship between the acidity of the catalyst's surface and the coke formation, which directly influences the performance and deactivation, was investigated. The results showed that the catalyst with higher acidity contents showed weaker resistance against coke formation. The as-prepared catalyst showed excellent performance and anti-coke formation, which would be applied for the simultaneous generation of hydrogen and valuable liquid fuels and the recycling of plastic wastes.
Integrated Transcriptome Profiling Identifies Prognostic Hub genes as Therapeutic Targets of Selenium Deficiency in Chick’s Model: Evidenced by Bioinformatic Analysis
Authors: Lingamgunta Lakshman Kumar , Aloor Bindu Prasuna , Gonuguntla Sailaja , Dasari Sreenivasulu , Ramakrishnan Ranjani , Gopal Shankar , Sade Ankanna 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Selenium deficiency is one of the most prevalent micronutrient deficiencies in the global health issues. Hence, in this investigation, we aimed to explore the key genes and biological pathways associated with selenium deficiency linked with selenium status. Chickens were fed a basal diet, a selenium-deficient diet for 10 weeks. The integrated analysis discovered differential expressed genes between the selenium-deficient and normal samples. Multiple approaches, includes GO analysis (g: Profilers database) and pathway analysis (KEGGs), were employed to functionally annotate the DEGs through R program. The protein-protein interactions (PPI) network, and their visualization, gene cluster, hub genes were identified through the STRING, Cytoscape plugin MCODE, CytoHubba, and CancerGeneNet tool. Our results revealed that administration of selenium-deficient diet markedly reduced plasma selenium concentration. Next, a total of 10,266 DEGs (213 upregulated and 237 downregulated) were identified. GO and KEGGs pathway showed that regulation of cell functions, and cancer pathways. Cytoscape demonstrated that eight modules, ten significant hub genes and CancerGeneNet tool revealed that all hub genes were involved in tumorigenesis pathways. Overall, our investigation offered ten hub genes that could be used as precise diagnostic and prognostic candidate biomarkers of selenium-deficiency might be used as treatment strategy in animal and humans.
Novel Artificial Intelligence platform leads to the discovery of new protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors
Authors: Barker Abigail L. , Geva Yosef , Simonovsky Eyal , Shemesh Netta , Phillip Yael , Shub Ifat , Dayan Franck E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWeed control is essential in modern agriculture, though it has become more difficult with the emergence of resistance to most current herbicides and a slow registration process of new compounds. A new approach to identify possible herbicide candidates using an artificial intelligence algorithm that takes into effect biological parameters with the goal of reducing R&D time on new herbicides. Herein we describe the discovery of 4-chloro-2-pentenamides as novel inhibitors of protoporphyrinogen oxidase, a known herbicide target site, by the Agrematch AI. The herbicidal activity is confirmed in greenhouse assays, with the highest performing AGR001 showing good activity pre-emergent at 150 g/ha and post emergent as low as 50 g/ha on the troublesome weed palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri). A lack of activity is reported on PPO resistant palmer amaranth carrying the glycine 210 deletion (ΔG210) mutation. The mechanism of action is confirmed by the herbicide-dependent accumulation of protoporphyrin IX, subsequent light-dependent loss of membrane integrity, and direct in vitro inhibition of protoporphyrinogen oxidase. Modeling of the docking of these inhibitors in the active site of protoporphyrinogen oxidase illustrates that their flexible side chains can accommodate a number of poses in the catalytic domain.
Anthropogenic and natural footprints of climate change and environmental degradation in the Honnamanakere Lake, Western Ghats, southern India during the past 753 years
Authors: Mir Ishfaq Ahmad , Jaiswal Jooly , Bharti Nisha , Dabhi Ankur , Bhushan Ravi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Anthropogenic contamination is damaging the fragile Western Ghats making it necessary to understand the historical pollution. Radiocarbon dated sediment core covering the past 753 years is investigated to reconstruct the paleoclimate and paleotoxicity in Honnamanakere Lake, southern India. Increased sedimentation, weathering, organic carbon, and clay fraction during the medieval and modern warm periods indicate stronger southwest monsoon rainfall than during the little ice age. A decrease in silt content at the core location during warm periods suggests high lake levels. Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb, Hg except Ni content is increasing from bottom to top of the core. Multivariate statistics suggest natural sources for organic carbon and weathering products, agrochemical sources for Cr, Cu, Zn, atmospheric sources for Pb and Hg, and mixed sources for Ni. The enrichment factor and geoaccumulation index are increasing from the bottom to top of the core. Cr and Ni are significantly enriched and extremely contaminated and exhibit the most severe threat to the water body. The toxic risk index of Cu, Zn, Pb, and Hg suggests no toxic risk, Cr suggests low toxic risk and Ni suggests moderate toxic risk. The combined toxic risk of heavy metals suggests considerable to very high toxic risk. The mean probable-effects-levels quotient suggests heavy metals are posing a 49% toxic risk to the water body and its biota. In the sediment core, there is an increase in heavy metals enrichment, accumulation, and toxic risks during the past 300 years which is synchronous with the anthropogenic Industrial era.
Radiomics Characterization of Tissues in an Animal Brain Tumor Model Imaged Using Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE) MRI
Authors: Bagher-Ebadian Hassan , Brown Stephen , Ghassemi Mohammad , Nagaraja Tavarekere , Movsas Benjamin , Ewing James , Chetty Indrin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Here, we investigate radiomics-based characterization of tumor vascular and microenvironmental properties in an orthotopic rat brain tumor model measured using dynamic-contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI.
Methods: Thirty-two immune compromised-RNU rats implanted with human U-251N cancer cells were imaged using DCE-MRI (7Tesla, Dual-Gradient-Echo). The aim was to perform pharmacokinetic analysis using a nested model (NM) selection technique to classify brain regions according to vasculature properties considered as the source of truth. A two-dimensional convolutional-based radiomics analysis was performed on the raw-DCE-MRI of the rat brains to generate dynamic radiomics maps. The raw-DCE-MRI and respective radiomics maps were used to build 28 unsupervised Kohonen self-organizing-maps (K-SOMs). A Silhouette-Coefficient (SC) and feature engineering analyses were performed on the feature spaces of the K-SOMs to quantify the distinction power of different radiomics features compared to raw-DCE-MRI for classification of different nested models.
Results: Results showed that eight radiomics features outperformed respective raw-DCE-MRI in prediction of the three nested models. The average percent difference in SCs between radiomics features and raw-DCE-MRI was: 29.875%±12.922%, p<0.001.
Conclusions: This work establishes an important first step toward spatiotemporal characterization of brain regions using radiomics signatures, which is fundamental toward staging of tumors and evaluation of tumor response to different treatments.