bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Both radiographical and pathological lymph node statuses are independent predictors for survival following neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radical cystectomy for cT3/4 or cN+ bladder cancer
Authors: Wagner Julia , Simon Ricarda , Büchler Jakob Wolf , Kirchhoff Florian , Kehl Viktoria , Retz Margitta , Gschwend Juergen Erich , Sauter Andreas , Horn Thomas 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) with clinical suspicion of locally advanced growth or pelvic lymphogenic spread has a high risk of progression and death.

Patients and methods
Bladder cancer patients with locally advanced (cT3/4) tumor growth or suspected pelvic lymphogenic spread (cN+) were treated with preoperative cisplatin-containing chemotherapy and consolidative cystectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy. We aimed to identify prognostic factors and describe the patients’ oncological outcome.

Results
A complete dataset including follow-up data was available for 96 patients. In a univariate analysis, we identified cN stage (cN+ vs cN-, HR 2.7, 95% CI 1.3–6.0), response to chemotherapy (HR 0.2, 95% CI 0.1–0.5), ypT stage (ypT0/is/1 vs ypT2-4, HR 3.1, 95% CI 1.4–6.8), ypN stage (ypN + vs ypN-, HR 7.9, 95% CI 3.7–17.0), resection status (HR 4.4, 95% CI HR 1.5–13.0) as significantly associated with cancer-specific survival. In a multivariate regression analysis, both cN and ypN statuses were validated as independent prognostic factors for cancer-specific survival (cN: HR 2.6, 95% CI 1.1–6.1; ypN: HR 5.5, 95% CI 2.0–15.1).

Discussion
Lymph node status was identified as a prognostic marker in a high-risk cohort of UBC patients treated with inductive chemotherapy and cystectomy. Establishing cN status as a prognosticator underlines the necessity to aggressively treat these patients despite reported impreciseness of imaging procedures in UCB. Patients with histologically positive lymph nodes following preoperative chemotherapy have a very poor prognosis, and thus, the need for adjuvant systemic treatment is emphasized.

Conclusion
Both clinically and pathologically affected lymph nodes convey a poor prognosis in bladder cancer and necessitate aggressive treatment.
Comparative psychophysics of Western honey bee (Apis mellifera) and stingless bee (Tetragonula carbonaria) colour purity and intensity perception
Authors: Koethe Sebastian , Reinartz Lara , Heard Tim A. , Garcia Jair E. , Dyer Adrian G. , Lunau Klaus 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBees play a vital role as pollinators worldwide and have influenced how flower colour signals have evolved. The Western honey bee, Apis mellifera (Apini), and the Buff-tailed bumble bee, Bombus terrestris (Bombini) are well-studied model species with regard to their sensory physiology and pollination capacity, although currently far less is known about stingless bees (Meliponini) that are common in pantropical regions. We conducted comparative experiments with two highly eusocial bee species, the Western honey bee, A. mellifera, and the Australian stingless bee, Tetragonula carbonaria, to understand their colour preferences considering fine-scaled stimuli specifically designed for testing bee colour vision. We employed stimuli made of pigment powders to allow manipulation of single colour parameters including spectral purity (saturation) or colour intensity (brightness) of a blue colour (hue) for which both species have previously shown innate preferences. Both A. mellifera and T. carbonaria demonstrated a significant preference for spectrally purer colour stimuli, although this preference is more pronounced in honey bees than in stingless bees. When all other colour cues were tightly controlled, honey bees receiving absolute conditioning demonstrated a capacity to learn a high-intensity stimulus significant from chance expectation demonstrating some capacity of plasticity for this dimension of colour perception. However, honey bees failed to learn low-intensity stimuli, and T. carbonaria was insensitive to stimulus intensity as a cue. These comparative findings suggest that there may be some common roots underpinning colour perception in bee pollinators and how they interact with flowers, although species-specific differences do exist.
Internal multi-centennial variability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation simulated by EC-Earth3
Authors: Meccia Virna L. , Fuentes-Franco Ramón , Davini Paolo , Bellomo Katinka , Fabiano Federico , Yang Shuting , von Hardenberg Jost 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe report a multi-centennial oscillation of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) simulated by the EC-Earth3 climate model under the pre-industrial climate. This oscillation has an amplitude of ~ 6 Sv and a period of ~ 150 years and significantly impacts the atmosphere. We find that it is a self-sustained low-frequency internal variability, driven by the accumulation of salinity anomalies in the Arctic and their release into the North Atlantic, affecting the water column stability and the deep convection. Sea ice plays a major role in creating the salinity anomaly in the Arctic, while the anomalous Arctic oceanic circulation, which drives the exchange of liquid freshwater between the Arctic and the open ocean, is the main responsible for its southward propagation. Interestingly, EC-Earth3 simulations with increased greenhouse concentrations, and therefore under a warmer climate, do not exhibit these strong AMOC fluctuations. We hypothesize that in a quasi-equilibrium climate with a global air surface temperature 4.5° higher than the pre-industrial period, the low amount of sea ice in the high latitudes of the North Atlantic is no longer able to trigger the mechanism.
Groundwater and climate change: threats and opportunities
Authors: Stigter Tibor Y. , Miller Jodie , Chen Jianyao , Re Viviana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe important role of groundwater in adaptation to climate change is explored, and the competing threats and opportunities that climate change pose to groundwater systems are evaluated. This has been achieved through a review of current thinking on the complex interactions between human activities, climate and the hydrological cycle affecting groundwater quantity and quality, across different regions and time scales.
Characterizing cyclin-dependent kinase 12(CDK12)-altered aggressive prostate cancer: a twelve-case series
Authors: Iwasawa Tomohiro , Kosaka Takeo , Yasumizu Yota , Hongo Hiroshi , Yanai Yoshinori , Baba Yuto , Matsumoto Kazuhiro , Nakamura Kohei , Nishihara Hiroshi , Oya Mototsugu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Prostate cancer harboring cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) abnormalities is a hot topic due to its distinctive clinical features, such as sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors. In the last few years, precision medicine using comprehensive genome sequencing has become familiar, and the era of precision oncology has arrived in the field of prostate cancer. This study aimed to present the demographic characteristics of patients with CDK12 alterations.

Methods
In 12 patients with detected CDK12 alterations in our hospital between 2015 and 2021, we evaluated their genomic features and clinical course. CDK12 allelic status was classified into three groups: monoallelic loss, potentially biallelic loss, and biallelic loss based on the genome analyses.

Results
Seven patients already had metastatic cancer at the time of diagnosis, and all 12 patients had Gleason grade  ≥ 4. Most cases of biallelic loss or potentially biallelic loss were metastatic cancers at the initial staging, and all these cases were categorized into Gleason grade 5. Two of the 12 patients had BRCA2/RB1 co-loss, and the other two had whole genome duplication. Five patients had a long-term survival of  > 6 years, but two patients died within 4 years of diagnosis.

Conclusion
This is the first Japanese prostate cancer case series with CDK12 alterations. CDK12-altered prostate cancer is a heterogeneous disease, and accumulating cases with detailed information leads to precision oncology.
Flow Dynamics and Analyte Transfer in a Microfluidic Device for Spatial Two-Dimensional Separations
Authors: Abdulhussain Noor , Fix Raoul , Nawada Suhas , Adamopoulou Theodora , Schoenmakers Peter 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn the last decade, chip-based separations have become a major area of interest in the field of separation science, especially for the development of “spatial” two-dimensional liquid chromatography (xLC × xLC). In xLC × xLC, the analytes are first separated by migration to different positions in a first-dimension (1D) channel and subsequently transferred with the aid of a flow distributor in a perpendicular direction to undergo a second-dimension (2D) separation. In this study, several designs for 2D separations are explored with the aid of computational fluid dynamics simulations. There were several aims of this work, viz. (1) to investigate the possible anomalies arising from the location of analyte bands in the first-dimension channel before transfer to the second dimension induced by the flow distributor, (2) to study the distribution ratio of the analytes across the different outlets of the 1D channel, and (3) to study the flow behaviour confinement in the flow distributor. In all designs, the simulated absolute flow velocity was not equal in all regions of the 1D channel. The extreme segments showed higher velocities compared to the central zones. This will eventually influence the migration times (first moments) and the variances (second moments), as confirmed by CFD results. The study has contributed to the understanding of the effects of the peak locations and, ultimately, to progress in spatial 2D-LC separations.
From LTL to rLTL monitoring: improved monitorability through robust semantics
Authors: Mascle Corto , Neider Daniel , Schwenger Maximilian , Tabuada Paulo , Weinert Alexander , Zimmermann Martin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRuntime monitoring is commonly used to detect the violation of desired properties in safety critical cyber-physical systems by observing its executions. Bauer et al. introduced an influential framework for monitoring Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) properties based on a three-valued semantics for a finite execution: the formula is already satisfied by the given execution, it is already violated, or it is still undetermined, i.e., it can still be satisfied and violated by appropriate extensions of the given execution. However, a wide range of formulas are not monitorable under this approach, meaning that there are executions for which satisfaction and violation will always remain undetermined no matter how it is extended. In particular, Bauer et al. report that 44% of the formulas they consider in their experiments fall into this category. Recently, a robust semantics for LTL was introduced to capture different degrees by which a property can be violated. In this paper we introduce a robust semantics for finite strings and show its potential in monitoring: every formula considered by Bauer et al. is monitorable under our approach. Furthermore, we discuss which properties that come naturally in LTL monitoring—such as the realizability of all truth values—can be transferred to the robust setting. We show that LTL formulas with robust semantics can be monitored by deterministic automata, and provide tight bounds on the size of the constructed automaton. Lastly, we report on a prototype implementation and compare it to the LTL monitor of Bauer et al. on a sample of examples.
Pseudomonas syringae DC3000 infection increases glucosylated N-glycans in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Beihammer Gernot , Romero-Pérez Andrea , Maresch Daniel , Figl Rudolf , Mócsai Réka , Grünwald-Gruber Clemens , Altmann Friedrich , Van Damme Els J. M. , Strasser Richard 
Published: October 2022

AbstractStudying the interaction between the hemibiotrophic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 and Arabidopsis thaliana has shed light onto the various forms of mechanisms plants use to defend themselves against pathogen attack. While a lot of emphasis has been put on investigating changes in protein expression in infected plants, only little information is available on the effect infection plays on the plants N-glycan composition. To close this gap in knowledge, total N-glycans were enriched from P. syringae DC3000-infected and mock treated Arabidopsis seedlings and analyzed via MALDI-TOF–MS. Additionally, fluorescently labelled N-glycans were quantified via HPLC-FLD. N-glycans from infected plants were overall less processed and displayed increased amounts of oligomannosidic N-glycans. As multiple peaks for certain oligomannosidic glycoforms were detected upon separation via liquid chromatography, a porous graphitic carbon (PGC)-analysis was conducted to separate individual N-glycan isomers. Indeed, multiple different N-glycan isomers with masses of two N-acetylhexosamine residues plus 8, 9 or 10 hexoses were detected in the infected plants which were absent in the mock controls. Treatment with jack bean α-mannosidase resulted in incomplete removal of hexoses from these N-glycans, indicating the presence of glucose residues. This hints at the accumulation of misfolded glycoproteins in the infected plants, likely because of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In addition, poly-hexose structures susceptible to α-amylase treatment were found in the DC3000-infected plants, indicating alterations in starch metabolism due to the infection process.
Deep Learning Channel Estimation for OFDM 5G Systems with Different Channel Models
Authors: Mohammed Aliaa Said Mousa , Taman Abdelkarim Ibrahim Abdelkarim , Hassan Ayman M. , Zekry Abdelhalim 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAt cellular wireless communication systems, channel estimation (CE) is one of the key techniques that are used in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing modulation (OFDM). The most common methods are Decision‐Directed Channel Estimation, Pilot-Assisted Channel Estimation (PACE) and blind channel estimation. Among them, PACE is commonly used and has a steadier performance. Applying deep learning (DL) methods in CE is getting increasing interest of researchers during the past 3 years. The main objective of this paper is to assess the efficiency of DL-based CE compared to the conventional PACE techniques, such as least-square (LS) and minimum mean-square error (MMSE) estimators. A simulation environment to evaluate OFDM performance at different channel models has been used. A DL process that estimates the channel from training data is also employed to get the estimated impulse response of the channel. Two channel models have been used in the comparison: Tapped Delay Line and Clustered Delay Line channel models. The performance is evaluated under different parameters including number of pilots (64 pilots or 8 pilots), number of subcarriers (64), the length of cyclic prefix (16 or 0 samples) and carrier frequency (4 GHz) through computer simulation using MATLAB. From the simulation results, the trained DL estimator provides better results in estimating the channel and detecting the transmitted symbols compared to LS and MMSE estimators although, the complexity of the proposed LSTM estimator exceeds the equivalent LS estimator. Furthermore, the DL estimator also demonstrates its effectiveness with various pilot densities and with different cyclic prefix periods.
Behinderung klassifizieren. Zur Kontingenz und Normativität von Körperbewertungen in der International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health
Authors: Bennani Hannah 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag adressiert Körperbewertungen am Beispiel der Klassifizierung von „Behinderung“. In seinem Zentrum steht dieInternational Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health(ICF), die die Weltgesundheitsorganisation 2001 veröffentlichte. Eine Besonderheit der Klassifikation besteht darin, dass sie von einem bio-psycho-sozialen Modell von Behinderung ausgeht. Dieses verortet Behinderung nicht nur in körperlichen Schädigungen, sondern auch in deren Interaktion mit gesellschaftlichen Barrieren.Während die Klassifikation meist aus anwendungsbezogener Perspektive adressiert wird, interpretiere ich die ICF als Artefakt, das „Behinderung“ nicht nur messbar macht, sondern als soziales Phänomen (mit)hervorbringt: Die Klassifikation etabliert eine kontingente Bewertungsordnung, über die Bewertungskriterien differenziert, Bewertungsobjekte konstituiert und Bewertungsregeln definiert werden. Der Beitrag rekonstruiert diese Bewertungsordnung auf der Grundlage von inhalts- und sequenzanalytischen Verfahren in zwei Schritten. In einem ersten Schritt fokussiert er die kategoriale Ordnung der ICF. Mithilfe der Detailanalyse ausgewählter Kategorien und Komponenten legt er die Kontingenz und Normativität der kategorialen Ordnung offen. Er zeigt, wie über Auswahl, Anordnung und Definition „Körper“ als unterscheidbare Bewertungsobjekte konstituiert und Erwartungen an „Körper“, „Gesellschaftsmitglieder“ und „Gesellschaften“ transportiert werden. In einem zweiten Schritt arbeitet der Beitrag am Beispiel einer ICF-basierten, standardisierten Dokumentationshilfe heraus, wie über Bewertungsoperationen verkörperte Un/Fähigkeiten als soziale Tatsachen hergestellt werden. Der Beitrag kombiniert Klassifikations- und Bewertungssoziologie mitdisability studiesund gibt Einblicke in soziale Praktiken der Klassifikation von Behinderung.
Understanding Cancer Cachexia and Its Implications in Upper Gastrointestinal Cancers
Authors: Brown Leo R. , Laird Barry J. A. , Wigmore Stephen J. , Skipworth Richard J. E. 
Published: October 2022

Opinion statementConsiderable advances in the investigation and management of oesophagogastric cancer have occurred over the last few decades. While the historically dismal prognosis associated with these diseases has improved, outcomes remain very poor. Cancer cachexia is an often neglected, yet critical, factor for this patient group. There is a persuasive argument that a lack of assessment and treatment of cachexia has limited progress in oesophagogastric cancer care. In the curative setting, the stage of the host (based on factors such as body composition, function, and inflammatory status), alongside tumour stage, has the potential to influence treatment efficacy. Phenotypical features of cachexia may decrease the survival benefit of (peri-operative) chemoradiotherapy, immunotherapy, or surgical resection in patients with potentially curative malignancy. Most patients with oesophagogastric cancer unfortunately present with disease which is not amenable, or is unlikely to respond, to these treatments. In the palliative setting, host factors can similarly impair results from systemic anti-cancer therapies, cause adverse symptoms, and reduce quality of life. To optimise treatment pathways and enhance patient outcomes, we must utilise this information during clinical decision-making. As our understanding of the genesis of cancer cachexia improves and more therapeutic options, ranging from basic (e.g. exercise and nutrition) to targeted (e.g. anti-IL1 α and anti-GDF-15), become available, there can be grounds for optimism. Cachexia can change from a hitherto neglected condition to an integral part of the oesophagogastric cancer treatment pathway.
Hyphaene thebaica (Areceaeae) as a Promising Functional Food: Extraction, Analytical Techniques, Bioactivity, Food, and Industrial Applications
Authors: Saber Fatema R. , Aly Shaza H. , Khallaf Moustafa Ali , El-Nashar Heba A. S. , Fahmy Nouran M. , El-Shazly Mohamed , Radha Radha , Prakash Suraj , Kumar Manoj , Taha Doaue , Bouyahya Abdelhakim , Sharifi-Rad Javad 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHyphaene thebaica, also known as doum, is a wild plant growing in Egypt, Sudan, and other African countries. It is usually used to prepare nutritive diets, tasty beverages, and other food products. This review aimed to highlight the phytochemical composition of the doum plant using NMR, GC–MS, HPLC, and UPLC/Qtof/MS. The reported active constituents are also described, with flavonoids, phenolic acids, and saponins being the most dominant components. Extraction methods, both conventional and non-conventional, and their existing parameters were summarized. The in vitro and in vivo studies on the extracts and active constituents were also reported. We focused on different applications of doum in functional food products, animal feeding systems, and pharmaceutical applications. Doum is considered a promising dietary and therapeutic candidate to be applied on a wider scale. Proteomic analysis of doum and clinical assessment are still lacking and warrant further investigations in the future.
Two new species of Stenostephanus (Acanthaceae) and a new record from Peru
Authors: Villanueva-Espinoza Rosa , Wood John R. I. 
Published: October 2022

SummaryTwo new species of Stenostephanus, S. borarum and S. brevistamineus, are described and illustrated. Distribution maps and notes on their conservation status are provided. Razisea ericae is transferred to Stenostephanus as S. ericae, now that Razisea is subsumed in Stenostephanus.
Endometrial cancer: news from ASCO
Authors: Petru Edgar 
Published: October 2022

SummaryAt ASCO 2022 important abstracts were presented. The programmed death1 (PD1) inhibitor dostarlimab was investigated in the phase III GARNET study in advanced or metastatic endometrial cancer after failure of previous platinum-based combination chemotherapy. In the first group of patients with tumors with dMMR (mismatch repair-deficiency) or MSI‑H (microsatellite-high; group A), the median progression-free survival (PFS) was significantly higher than in the group with pMMR (mismatch repair-proficiency) or those with MSS (microsatellite-stable) tumors (group B), i.e., 6.0 months in group A and 2.7 months in group B. Overall survival was > 50 months and 17 months, respectively. Immunotherapy-related adverse events were seen in 23% of patients, including grade 3 or 4 events in 8% of women. In all, 9% of patients discontinued treatment due to adverse events. Another important regimen is the combination of lenvatinib and pembrolizumab. In a randomized study of lenvatinib + pembrolizumab versus monotherapy with doxorubicin or paclitaxel in the second-line therapy of metastatic endometrial cancer, the chemotherapy-free regimen was superior. PFS2 was significantly higher in patients in the pMMR group and the all comer group if they received lenvatinib and pembrolizumab, compared to those receiving standard chemotherapy (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, checkpoint inhibitors ± lenvatinib are now established in the second-line treatment of advanced endometrial cancer. Overall, the inclusion of PD1 or PDL1 inhibitors in systemic treatment regimens offers a significant opportunity for patients whose treatment options in the past only included conventional chemotherapy, radiotherapy or hormonal therapy.