bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intravenous bolus-infusion versus sliding scale of insulin for intra-operative glycemic control in elective laparotomy surgeries
Authors: Samir Ghada M. , Ghallab Mahmoud Abd El-Aziz , Ibrahim Dalia A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to assess the bolus-infusion to the sliding scale of insulin approaches, regarding percentage of the operative time with the target capillary blood glucose (CBG) range, total insulin units given to the patients, development of hypoglycemia, and the peri-operative changes in serum potassium (s.k) in elective laparotomy surgeries. Sixty patients, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status II, were randomly divided to either the bolus-insulin infusion (BII) group, or the sliding scale of insulin (SSI) group.

Results
The intra-operative target CBG range was achieved in both groups, with no statistically significant difference between them. However, in the post anesthesia care unit (PACU), the number of patients who achieved the target CBG range was significantly more in the BII group. The decrease in the CBG was statistically significant in the SSI group than in the BII group; starting from 30 minutes after the initial intra-venous (IV) insulin injected, to 240 minutes intra-operatively and in the PACU. No patient in either groups developed hypoglycemia. The mean intra-operative time needed to achieve the target CBG range was statistically significant less in the SSI group. The mean percentage of the operative time with the target CBG range was statistically non-significant higher in the SSI group. The mean total insulin units given were statistically non-significant higher in the SSI group. The peri-operative changes in s.k were statistically non-significant between the two groups.

Conclusions
The BII approach slowly achieved the target CBG range intra-operatively and maintained this target in the PACU, with mean 54.6 ± 28.9% operative time with the target CBG range, and with less mean total insulin units needed than the SSI approach.
Outcomes of novel 3D-printed fully porous titanium cup and a cemented highly cross-linked polyethylene liner in complex and revision total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Shichman Ittai , Somerville Lyndsay , Lutes William B. , Jones Stephen A. , McCalden Richard , Schwarzkopf Ran 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction
A novel fully porous acetabular titanium shell has been designed to reduce stiffness mismatch between bone and implant and promote osseointegration in complex (cTHA) and revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA). A highly cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) liner is cemented within the cup to reduce wear rates and increase survivorship. This study reported the outcomes of an XLPE liner cemented into a novel 3D-printed fully porous cup in cTHA and rTHA.

Methods
Presented was a multicenter retrospective review of 40 patients (6 cTHA and 34 rTHA) who underwent THA with a fully porous titanium acetabular cup and cemented XLPE liner. Data were collected on demographics, surgical information, outcomes, including osseointegration and migration and implant survivorship.

Results
On average, patients were 71.42 ± 9.97 years old and obese (BMI: 30.36 ± 6.88 kg/m2) and were followed up for a mean time of 2.21 ± 0.77 years. Six patients underwent cTHA and 34 patients underwent rTHA. The mean hospital length of stay was 5.34 ± 3.34 days. Three (7.5%) 90-day readmissions were noted. Harris Hip Scores improved, on average, from 53.87 ± 12.58 preoperatively to 83.53 ± 12.15 postoperatively (P<0.001). One case of acetabular shell aspetic loosening with migration was noted. Thirty-nine of the 40 acetabular components were fully osseointegrated without migration. Two patients underwent re-revision surgery for PJI and one patient received acetabular shell+liner re-revision due to aseptic loosening. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed an all-cause revision-free survival rate of 95.0% at 6 months and 1 year, and 92.0% at 4-years. Aseptic acetabular cup, liner dislocation/loosening, and fracture-free survival was 100% at 6 months and 1-year, and 97.1% at 2 years.

Conclusion
The combined use of a novel 3D-printed fully porous titanium acetabular shell and cemented XLPE acetabular liner yielded excellent rates of osseointegration, and all-cause and acetabular aseptic loosening survivorship at a minimum 1-year follow-up. Further long-term studies are needed to assess the longevity of this construct.
Prognostic significance of HIF1-α immunohistochemical expression in gliomas and it's relation to IDH1 mutation status
Authors: Abd Elmaogod Eman Ahmed , Daoud Sahar Aly , Mostafa Zahraa Mohammed , Mahmoud Ebtehal Mohamed Mostafa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundGliomas are the commonest primary adults’ brain tumors. Hypoxia performs an essential role in gliomas’ initiation as well as progression through hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-1α) activation, which could serve as a promising target in treatment of gliomas. Our study aimed to evaluate types and grades of glioma cases and detect isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation status and expression of HIF-1α in all included cases and its correlation with clinical data and pathological parameters.ResultsSamples from 71 patients who were diagnosed with glioma were studied immunohistochemically for IDH1-R132H (if indicated) and HIF-1α expression. Expression of HIF-1α was detected in 73.2% of the included 71 gliomas. HIF-1α expression significantly increased in older patients, in high-grade gliomas and in tumors positive for necrosis. We studied IDH1 mutation in the histologically diagnosed grade 2, 3and 4 astrocytic and oligodendroglial tumors (51 cases out of the included 71 gliomas). IDH1-R132H immunohistochemical expression was positive in 62.7% of cases. IDH1 mutation was significantly higher with younger age. IDH1 mutation was noted also with lower tumor grade. A statistically significant relation was detected between negative IDH1-R132H expression and high level of HIF-1α immunohistochemical expression.ConclusionAbsence of IDH1 mutation with increased HIF-1α expression among high-grade gliomas suggesting both as predicting indicators for poor prognosis.
Exploring Clinacanthus nutans leaf different solvent extracts on antiproliferative effects induced metastasis through apoptosis and cell cycle against MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines
Authors: Md Toha Zaleha , Haron Nor Hasyimah , Kamal Nik Nur Syazni Nik Mohamed , Khairuddean Melati , Arsad Hasni 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Medicinal herbs in Malaysia like Clinacanthus nutans (CN) traditionally are used in the treatment of various diseases and cancers. The present research was conducted to determine the effects of C. nutans leaf different solvent extracts on the human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7). The antiproliferative growth and survival effects of dichloromethane CN leaf extracts (CNDCM), as well as the short- and long-term effects through metastasis, apoptosis and cell cycle effects, were observed. The chemical profiles were done to evaluate the properties of the CNDCM.

Results
The evaluation of GC–MS identified 16 major phytochemical compounds present in this extract with biological activities. Antiproliferative assay used is the SRB assay, which showed the CNDCM induced strong antiproliferative property compared with the other extracts, so its IC50 dose was selected for further testing with value 108 µg/mL at 72 h after exposure on MCF-7 and MCF-10A cell lines. The clonogenic survival effects of CNDCM in various concentrations (31.25, 62.5, 125, 250 and 500 µg/mL) inhibited the ability of MCF-7 cells to form colonies, and the metastasis result was indicated in an image of wound healing assay. Moreover, the CNDCM extract significantly induced apoptosis in all the cell cycle phases. Finally, the experiments with various extract concentrations on normal human breast cell lines showed no antiproliferative effects for all the extracts tested.

Conclusion
Among all the extracts of CN, the CNDCM extracts demonstrated the highest antiproliferative activity and survival against the MCF-7 cell lines tested.
Exploring the protective effect exhibited by curcumin-loaded coconut oil microemulsion in the experimental models of neurodegeneration: an insight of formulation development, in vitro and in vivo study
Authors: Patil Vijay , Mhamane Shruti , More Suraj , Pawar Atmaram , Arulmozhi S. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Neurodegenerative diseases are a major health concern which requires promising drugs with appropriate drug delivery systems. The aim of the present study was development and characterization of curcumin-loaded coconut oil microemulsion (Cur-ME) and to improve the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics performance. Initially, solubility study and emulsification study were performed for preliminary screening of the components. Pseudoternary phase diagram was constructed using selected components, and composition of Cur-ME was finalized. Furthermore, in vitro drug release in vivo pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic was performed.

Results
The final formulation exhibited globule size less than 20 nm with PDI and zeta potential as 0.24 and −17 mV, respectively. The formulation showed more than 90% drug content with no signs of precipitation upon dilution and centrifugation. In vitro drug release revealed 2.12-fold improvement in dissolution. In vivo plasma pharmacokinetics of Cur-ME revealed twofolds and 2.48-fold improvement in AUC and Cmax, respectively, than that of Cur-Sol. In vivo pharmacokinetics in adult zebrafish revealed significant enhancement (p < 0.01) in curcumin delivery to the brain with 1.96-fold and 1.92-fold improvement in Cmax and AUC, respectively. Furthermore, the pharmacodynamics of the formulation was evaluated using trimethyl tin (TMT)-induced neurodegeneration in wistar rats. The results revealed that Cur-ME treated group significantly decreased the escape latency and pathlength as compared to the neurodegeneration control group. The observed effects were also markedly significant than Cur-Sol treated group. Further, the brain malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were found to be increased significantly as compared to Cur-Sol treated group.

Conclusion
The encouraging results exhibited by Cur-ME can be regarded as a mark of an effective formulation that can be used in neurodegeneration. Overall, these findings indicate that an orally delivered microemulsion has enormous potential for drug delivery to the brain.
Influence of the intense laser field on optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes in the double trigonometric quantum wells
Authors: Wang Jiashen , Li Keyin , Guo Kangxian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this letter, the effect of the intense laser field on optical properties in the unique double trigonometric quantum wells has been investigated by applying the KH transformation. The Schrdinger equation is solved to obtain the energy levels and the wave functions of this system. Then the optical absorption coefficients (OACs) and refractive index changes (RICs) are calculated through the scheme of the compact density-matrix formalism. The results show that the OACs and RICs undergo a blue-shift first, followed by a red-shift, as the intensity of the laser field is enhanced. Furthermore, features of various transition total OACs are also discussed, which are also affected by the laser field.
Robust GABAergic Regulation of the GnRH Neuron Distal Dendron
Authors: Liu Xinhuai , Porteous Robert , Herbison Allan E 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe amino acid transmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is suspected to play an important role in regulating the activity of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons controlling fertility. Rodent GnRH neurons have a novel dendritic compartment termed the “distal dendron” through which action potentials pass to the axon terminals and where inputs from the kisspeptin pulse generator drive pulsatile GnRH secretion. Combining Gnrh1-Cre mice with the Cre-dependent calcium sensor GCaMP6 and confocal imaging of acute brain slices, we examined whether GABA regulated intracellular calcium concentrations ([Ca2+]) in the GnRH neuron distal dendron. Short puffs of GABA on the dendron evoked either a monophasic sustained suppression of [Ca2+] or a biphasic acute elevation in [Ca2+] followed by the sustained suppression. Application of muscimol to the dendron replicated the acute elevation in [Ca2+] while baclofen generated the sustained suppression. Robust GABAB receptor-mediated inhibition was observed in 80% to 100% of dendrons recorded from females across the estrous cycle and from approximately 70% of dendrons in males. In contrast, the GABAA receptor–mediated excitation was rare in males and varied across the estrous cycle, being most prominent at proestrus. The activation of GABAB receptors potently suppressed the stimulatory effect of kisspeptin on the dendron. These observations demonstrate that the great majority of GnRH neuron distal dendrons are regulated by GABAergic inputs in a sex- and estrous cycle–dependent manner, with robust GABAB receptor-mediated inhibition being the primary mode of signaling. This provides a new, kisspeptin-independent, pathway for the regulation of pulsatile and surge modes of GnRH secretion in the rodent.
Surgical residents’ approach to training: are elements of deliberate practice observed?
Authors: Nelson Ferguson Kendra , Paradis Josée 
Published: December 2022

Background: Deliberate practice research has consistently shown that intense, concentrated, goal-oriented practice in a focused domain, such as medicine, can improve skill development and performance. To date, little is known about how surgical residents approach their surgical training, how they evaluate their current weaknesses, and how they plan to transition from one milestone to another. Without knowledge of residents’ role in their development, educators miss the opportunity to optimize progression of these lifelong learning skills. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to gain a better understanding of how surgical residents approach their surgical training from the perspective of the surgical residents themselves and to explore if elements of deliberate practice are observed. Methods: Eight surgical trainees participated in one of two focus groups depending on their training level (five junior residents; three senior residents). With the exploratory nature of this research, a focus group methodology was utilized. Results: By employing both deductive and inductive thematic analysis techniques, three themes were extracted from the data: learning resources and strategies, role of a junior/senior, and approaching weaknesses. Conclusions: Although elements of deliberate practice were discussed, higher functioning is necessary to achieve performance excellence, leading to improved patient outcomes.
PEDAGOGICAL THOUGHT OF THE EDUCATOR OF THE LATE XIX - EARLY XX CENTURY GABDULLA TUKAI ON VARIOUS AREAS OF EDUCATION
Authors: Malikov Rustam Sh. , Galiakberova Al’finur A. 
Published: December 2022

The subject of this study is the pedagogical thought of the Tatar educator of the late XIX – early XX century Gabdulla Tukai (April 26, 1886 – April 15, 1913). A lot has been written about the great Tatar poet-educator. His biography and poetry are investigated. His works have been translated into many languages of the world, and we can say with confidence that he is read all over the world. Nevertheless, the educator is not fully disclosed as teachers, despite the fact that he is a methodologist, the author of textbooks and teaching aids. His artistic works have not been investigated for the identification of didactic content. The purpose of the study is to identify the directions of education reflected in the poetry of the educator. The research used methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison and comparison, induction and deduction. The methodology of the study consisted of consistency, complexity, integrity, personal, activity, and essential approaches. As a result of the study, the following areas of education were identified: patriotic, labor, moral, aesthetic. The results of the research can be applied in the process of teaching the history of pedagogy and pedagogical thought in secondary and higher pedagogical educational institutions. Conclusions: the work of the educator G. Tukai contains thoughts about various areas of education that should be used in the modern educational process.
Smartphone-based light field display for determining the ophtalmic correction needs of the eye
Authors: Peloux Marius , Boutinon Stéphane 
Published: December 2022

We propose to size a light field display based on a standard smartphone screen to which is associated a simple array of custom-made microlenses, aimed at evaluating the refractive error of a user’s eye. We show theoretically that, to that end, we can display some content with a constant angular resolution over a wide range of refractive errors, i.e.,

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D

to

+

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D

in terms of sphero-cylindrical needs, and show some experimental results.
2022 Optical Interference Coatings Conference: Manufacturing Problem Contest [Invited]
Authors: Poitras Daniel , Ma Penghui , Jacobson Michael R. , Cooksey Catherine C. , Sandilands Luke J. , Lee Stacey 
Published: December 2022

Participants in the 2022 Manufacturing Problem Contest were challenged to fabricate an optical filter with a specified stepped transmittance spanning three orders of magnitude from 400 to 1100 nm. The problem required that contestants be versed in the design, deposition, and measurement of optical filters to achieve good results. Nine samples from five institutions were submitted with total thicknesses between 5.9 and 53.5 µm with between 68 and 1743 layers. The filter spectra were measured by three independent laboratories. The results were presented in June 2022 at the Optical Interference Coatings Conference in Whistler, B.C., Canada.
Pressure-sensitive platform based on multiplexed in-series macro-bend optical fiber sensors
Authors: de Carvalho Vinicius , Lazzaretti André E. , Fabris José L. , Muller Marcia 
Published: December 2022

This work shows a pressure-sensitive platform instrumented with a set of five in-series macro-bend optical fiber sensors. The structure of

20

×

20

cm

is divided into sixteen

5

×

5

cm

sensing cells. Sensing is based on the wavelength-dependent intensity changes in the array transmission visible spectrum, which carries information about the pressure acting on the structure. Data analysis uses principal component analysis to reduce spectral data to 12 principal components that explain 99% of the data variance and

k

-nearest neighbors classification and support vector regression methods. The capability of pressure detection with fewer sensors than the number of monitored cells was demonstrated with an accuracy of 94% for predicting the pressure location and a mean absolute error of 0.31 kPa within 3.74–9.98 kPa range.
Laser beam scintillations of LIDAR operating in weak oceanic turbulence
Authors: Gerçekcioğlu Hamza , Baykal Yahya 
Published: December 2022

The formulation of light detection and ranging (LIDAR) systems is derived and examined for the scintillation index, evaluated on-axis, of laser beams in horizontal links in the ocean with weak turbulence by utilizing the Rytov method. These scintillation indices, obtained for the Gaussian beam which is collimated, the limits of plane and spherical waves, are depicted versus the source size, target size, and parameter of the normalized reflector size. It is found that the source size, target size, and normalized reflector size parameter, lessening the scintillation index evaluated on-axis, are approximately 0.44 cm,

56

×

10

−
4

c
m

, and 2.2, respectively. Additionally, by using these values that minimize the scintillation index, the variation of the scintillations is shown against the propagation distance, radius of reflector, temperature and salinity fluctuation effects, mean squared temperature, and turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate per unit mass of fluid at various selected source size and radius of reflector values.
COVID-19 vaccine acceptability, and uptake among people living with HIV in Uganda
Authors: Muhindo Richard , Okoboi Stephen , Kiragga Agnes , King Rachel , Arinaitwe Walter Joseph , Castelnuovo Barbara 
Published: December 2022

Background
Despite being a priority population for COVID-19 vaccination, limited data are available regarding acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Sub-Saharan Africa. We described COVID-19 vaccine acceptability and factors associated with vaccine acceptability among PLWH in Uganda.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study conducted among PLWH, aged ≥18 years, enrolled participants who were seeking HIV care from six purposely selected accredited ART clinics in Kampala. We obtained data on vaccine acceptability defined as willingness to accept any of the available COVID-19 vaccines using interviewer-administered questionnaires. In addition, we assessed vaccination status, complacency regarding COVID-19 disease, vaccine confidence, and vaccine convenience. Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptability were evaluated using modified Poisson regression with robust standard errors.

Results
We enrolled 767 participants of whom 485 (63%) were women. The median age was 33 years [interquartile range (IQR) 28–40] for women and 40 years [IQR], (34–47) for men. Of the respondents 534 (69.6%,95% confidence interval [CI]: 66.3%-72.8%) reported receiving at least one vaccine dose, with women significantly more likely than men to have been vaccinated (73% vs. 63%; p = 0.003). Among the unvaccinated 169 (72.7%, 95% CI: 66.6%-78.0%) were willing to accept vaccination, had greater vaccine confidence (85.9% had strong belief that the vaccines were effective; 81.9% that they were beneficial and 71% safe for PLWH; 90.5% had trust in health care professionals or 77.4% top government officials), and believed that it would be easy to obtain a vaccine if one decided to be vaccinated (83.6%). Vaccine acceptability was positively associated with greater vaccine confidence (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] 1.44; 95% CI: 1.08–1.90), and positive perception that it would be easy to obtain a vaccine (aPR 1.57; 95% CI: 1.26–1.96).

Conclusion
vaccine acceptance was high among this cohort of PLWH, and was positively associated with greater vaccine confidence, and perceived easiness (convince) to obtained the vaccine. Building vaccine confidence and making vaccines easily accessible should be a priority for vaccination programs targeting PLWH.