bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using modern concepts in the design of extrusion dies to improve the mechanical extrusion and fatigue properties for AA1100
Authors: Al-Mushehdany Abdulwahab M. , Yahya Mazin Mahmood , Hmood Batool Kadhim , Alalkawi Hussain Jasim M. 
Published: November 2022

In this research work a direct extrusion unit has been designed and manufactured for circular section using the theoretical die design concepts for designing of the die profile, as constancy of the ratio of successive generalized homogeneous strain increment (CRHS). This was carried out by studying the final mechanical properties of the direct extruded products through dies with theoretical concept (ACRHS) and (UCRHS). Commercial alloy AA1100 round section billets was subjected to uniform extruded compressive load using two types of extrusion dies i.e. (ACRHS) and (UCRHS) at room temperature. The product of these dies with as received were conducted to testing under tensile and fatigue tests without corrosion and with corrosion of 90 days fully submersed in 0.35 % NaСl solution. The experimental results show that the reduction percentage (RP) in the main mechanical properties, UTS, YS and BHN due to corrosion were 14.28 %, 5.88 % and 12.12 % for as received samples, 2.74 %, 5.08 % and 6.12 % for the ACRHS samples and 7.79 %, 6.86 % and 8.88 % for UCRHS samples respectively. It was concluded that the less reduction percentage was occurred in the ACRHS samples compared to other samples. Corrosion fatigue testing of the above three samples were made and compared to the same samples without corrosion. The testing results revealed that the corrosion is significantly reduce the fatigue strength at 107 cycles from 40 to 33.65 MPa for as received samples, from 49.47 to 46.73 for ACRHS samples and from 49.5 to 45.89 MPa for UCRHS samples. The results may be lead to the best mechanical and fatigue properties under corrosion action are the ACRHS samples. The obtained results show that the extrusion die (ACRHS) is the most efficient die design
Calculation-experimental procedure for determining welding deformations and stresses based on a digital image correlation method
Authors: Korzhyk Volodymyr , Khaskin Vladyslav , Savitsky Viktor , Klochkov Illia , Kvasnytskyi Viktor , Perepichay Andrii , Peleshenko Sviatoslav , Grinyuk Andriy , Aloshyn Andrii , Shutkevych Oleksii 
Published: November 2022

The object of this study is determining the stressed-strained state (SSS) of a welded article by applying quantitative non-destructive testing. The relevance of the study is associated with the need to devise a universal methodology for the non-destructive quantification of SSS using the simplest approaches and means of provision. To solve this task, an estimation-experimental procedure has been developed. This procedure is based on comparing digital stereo images of the individual sections (spatial primitives) of an article before and after its welding, followed by computer processing. To validate the developed procedure, the SSS of a cylindrical article made of aluminum alloy 7005, at the end of which two flanges were welded laserly with ring seams, was determined. It was established that after performing four diametrically opposed point tacks, the residual deformations of the ends of the article can reach 0.02–0.05 mm, and after performing continuous ring seams – to decrease to 0.01–0.02 mm. The calculation showed that the residual deformations of the end of the article after welding a ring seam are at the level of 0.02 mm, and the residual stresses in the same zone – in the range of 50–60 MPa. The deviation in the coincidence of residual deformations is in the range of 10–20 %, which is a satisfactory result and can be considered as an error in the results of determining SSS in general. Based on the developed methodology for determining SSS, an experimental industrial complex has been created that allows TIG and PAW to perform welding of objects from steels and alloys with the ability to determine the resulting stressed-strained state of these objects. The procedure devised and the equipment designed can be used for to non-destructively determine SSS of spatial structures made of steels and alloys
Increasing the reliability of biomass solid fuel combustion using a combined regenerative heat exchanger as an indirect burner
Authors: Tunggul Ismail Alwinsyah , Ismail Ismail , Abdu Rahman Reza 
Published: November 2022

In this study, an indirect burner system for solid biomass fuel is designed. The design is motivated by the need to solve the problem related to a direct burner system, such as slagging and high pollutant emissions due to the high-temperature burning process. Therefore, the utilization of an indirect burner is expected to improve the reliability of the solid biomass combustion process. It also can be used to reduce coal consumption by using an indirect burner where the working fluid reaches a relatively higher temperature before entering the boiler. The design used the first principle method for creating the regenerator heat exchanger. The regenerator consists of a mantle and coil heat exchanger. The test used solid biomass fuel for the combustion process where the working fluid first enters the mantle heat exchanger and then the coil heat exchanger. As a result, the mantle absorbs sufficient heat losses from the combustion chamber with the highest temperature increment of 19 °C. The warm water from the mantle then flows to the coil arrangement within the combustion chamber. As a result, the highest temperature of the coil is 84.5 °C. The heat transfer rate for the coil and mantle is 57.2–85.6 and 124.9–141.5 W. The key finding is that the combined regenerative heat exchanger can deliver a higher transfer rate. This can be achieved since the heat exchanger utilizes the same flow distribution, increasing the mean temperature differences at the inlet. Thus, it can produce an average heat transfer rate of 210.5 W. Therefore, energy consumption for coal or other fossil fuels can be reduced significantly. The data can be used for further improvement of the existing boiler system and help to increase the thermal efficiency of the system.
Justification of the selection of cereal crops for the production of new cereal beverages
Authors: Khastayeva Aigerim , Bekturganova Almira , Omaraliyeva Aigul , Safuani Zhanar , Baykhozhayeva Bayan , Botbayeva Zhanar 
Published: November 2022

One of the most important factors that has a negative impact on the health of the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan is a violation of the diet, due to insufficient consumption of high-grade proteins, vitamins, macro- and microelements and their irrational ratio.
In the Republic of Kazakhstan, cereals are produced in large volumes, but there is no production of beverages based on vegetable raw materials, although the production of plant-based milk is already widespread throughout the world. The use of local vegetable raw materials from different regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the production technology of cereal milk beverages is an actual and promising direction in the food industry.
The results of a study of the quality of the following selection grain crops of the Republic of Kazakhstan are presented: rice "Syr Suluy", "Aykerim" and "Marzhan"; oats "Duman", "Bitik", "Arman"; buckwheat "Shortandin", "Batyr" and "Saulyk".
The results of protein analysis in rice grains showed that the “Syr Suluy” variety has higher rates, which amounted to 7.96 %. In the studied samples of oat grains of the Duman variety, the mass fraction of carbohydrates is 2.8 %; 1.54 % higher than the varieties "Bitik" and "Arman". Protein analysis in buckwheat grains showed that the Shortandin variety (13.04 %) has higher rates.
Studies have shown that the studied samples of grain crops in terms of safety comply with the requirements of the Technical Regulations of the Customs Union "On safety of grain". The data obtained will be used to develop new technologies for cereal beverages
Determining patterns of the deformed state of the transport concrete pipe reinforced with a metal clamp under the action of static load
Authors: Kovalchuk Vitalii , Rybak Roman , Parneta Bogdan , Onyshchenko Artur , Kvasnytsya Roksolyana 
Published: November 2022

The object of this study is a concrete pipe and a pipe whose integrity was restored using a metal clamp while filling the layer between the existing pipe and the metal clamp with self-expanding concrete mortar.
It has been established that the most common types of defects and damage to pipes on the roads are transverse and longitudinal cracks, as well as concrete chipping and spalling.
A procedure has been devised to test experimentally a new concrete pipe without reinforcement and a concrete pipe reinforced with a metal clamp under static load.
Experimental tests of the concrete pipe without reinforcement and with reinforcement with a metal clamp were carried out in the laboratory. Digital indicators, an analog-to-digital converter, and a personal computer were used to measure pipe deformations.
It was found that the maximum value of vertical deformations of a new concrete pipe before cracking was 4.75 mm, and that reinforced by a metal clamp – 4.36 mm. At the same time, the maximum deformation at which the destruction of the new pipe occurred was 6.36 mm, and that of the reinforced pipe with a metal clamp – 10.51 mm.
It was established that the reinforcement of the destroyed pipe with a metal clamp in the initial period of loading leads to detachment of the clamp from the concrete of the pipe. Further, when the clamps are included in the work, there is a stable operation of the concrete pipe and the amount of growth of pipe deformations increases smoothly.
The results of measuring vertical deformations at the top of the pipe without reinforcement and with it showed different deformation values. It was established that the complete destruction of the pipe with a reinforced metal clamp takes place during deformations 61 % higher than the deformation at which the non-reinforced new concrete pipe is destroyed.
It was found that one of the methods of restoring the bearing capacity of damaged and defective pipes in the road industry is the use of metal clamps
The mechanism of pH recalibration by dissolved oxygen in alkaline modified aquaculture seawater
Authors: Anggayasti Wresti L. , Satrio N. Willy , Wardana I Nyoman Gede , Kurniawan Andi 
Published: November 2022

The balance of dissolved oxygen and pH levels is paramount in aquaculture, as a media for cultivating aquatic organisms under controlled conditions. An imbalance in both oxygen and pH could severely harm the cultured aquatic organisms. Various strategies are used to prevent hypoxia and maintain the pH level of the culture. Interestingly, hypoxia or deprivation of oxygen supply in aquaculture was often reported to co-occur with the seawater acidification. Despite that, there was no evidence that the O2 level was directly linked to pH changes. Thus, the existing treatment strategies are separated between O2 and pH maintenances, which often inflate cost and cause environmental burden due to the use of synthetic chemicals. This study was conducted to observe the mechanism and effect of the O2 addition to aquaculture seawater in molecular level when the pH value of the water was modified. The understanding of the mechanism may lead to an alternative to the harmful aquaculture treatments. The molecular mechanics analysis was applied to examine the mechanism of pH adjustment in non-aerated and aerated seawater. The results indicated that O2 accelerated the pH recalibration of seawater, particularly in the alkaline modified samples compared to the acid modified samples. Mechanical simulations further showed the repulsion between and O2 causes vibration which shortens OH bond by 17.71 % while elongates O-O bond by 1.00 %. Additionally, the spin coupling between OH- and O2 promotes global energy transfer which stimulates the vibration of the alkaline modified water system. Together, those mechanisms enabled the pH value to return to the baseline. These findings contribute a molecular mechanism view of aquaculture pH maintenance in the presence of O2, as well as revisiting the use of aeration in aquaculture treatment
Analysis of the season effect on energy generated from hybrid PV/WT in Malang Indonesia
Authors: Irawan Bambang , Wirawan Wirawan , Ikawanty Beauty Anggraheny , Takwim Akhsanu 
Published: November 2022

This research is about the effect of seasons on the energy produced by hybrid solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbines (WT). This study measures the amount of energy produced by the hybrid from PV/WT for 24 hours/day for a full year. The weather in Indonesia changes every day, with this change, the energy produced by PV/WT hybrids also changes. Data collection was carried out in the city of Malang, Indonesia.
The results showed that there are two seasons, namely the dry season and the rainy season. The dry season is from May to October and the rainy season is from November to April. Between the two seasons there is a transition period, namely May and November. Transition time is a month whose weather follows the dry season and the rainy season. The results of research using PV energy generators of 100 WP and 500 Watt WT show that there is a significant effect on the energy produced by PV/WT hybrids between the dry season and the rainy season. The total energy in the dry season is 78.296 Wh and in the rainy season it is 43,790 Wh. The energy ratio of the dry season to the rainy season is 1.7:1. Total energy every month in the dry season is between 11,242 Wh to 14,174 Wh and for the rainy season is between 5,821 Wh to 10,677 Wh. The ratio of the highest to the lowest monthly energy is 2.4:1. The total energy per day in one year is between 88 Wh to 477 Wh. The daily energy ratio from the highest to the lowest is 5.4:1.
This research data is very important because energy data for one year can be used as a reference and basis for designing hybrid PV/WT energy plants. This can be used as a basis for designing loads that match the generator capacity for a period of one year and also designing the capacity requirements of energy storage devices. The results of this study can also be used by other countries that have seasons such as Indonesia
Determining the degree of effect of heat flows on the deformation of the shell of a space inflatable platform with a payload
Authors: Lapkhanov Erik , Palii Oleksandr , Golubek Aleksandr 
Published: November 2022

This paper reports a study into the influence exerted by the thermal flows of space environment on the deformation of the shell of a space inflatable platform with a payload. The mathematical model of the effect of temperature fluctuations on the mass-inertial characteristics of the space inflatable platform of an ellipsoidal shape has been improved.
The following assumptions were introduced to the model. The temperature distribution on the illuminated part and the unlit part of the shell is uniform. The gradient of the temperature difference between the illuminated and unlit parts is the same for all points of the shell. To determine deformations, a moment-free theory was used. The model of the space inflatable platform is a «rubber bullet» that works only for stretching and compression. All deformations are elastic.
The advantages and limitations of the use of the developed mathematical model have been determined. Computer simulation of the orbital motion of a space inflatable platform with a payload in a sun-synchronous orbit was carried out. The material of the platform shell is Kapton. Estimates of temperature fluctuations in the illuminated and unlit part of the shell and the temperature of the gas inside it were obtained. The dependence of elastic deformations on temperature was determined, taking into account the Young’s modulus of the material. The influence of changes in gas pressure on the movement of payload attachment points and the change in the inertia tensor have been determined. The obtained results showed that the inertia tensor varies within the order of 10–5 kgm2. The maximum deviation of the fastening points of the payload from the initial position on the illuminated part of the shell was about 10–6 m.
Considering the stability of the structure to the effects of heat flows of the space environment, the possibility of using space inflatable platforms as a means for separating a grouping of satellites has been shown
Improving tools for diagnosing technical condition of ship electric power installations
Authors: Sandler Albert , Budashko Vitalii 
Published: November 2022

Existing information-measuring systems (IMS) do not fully correspond to the tasks of monitoring electric power installations (EPI) in terms of their characteristics. The capabilities of IMS have certain limitations regarding the probability of measurement results and the degree of invariance to the influence of operational factors. This proves that for modern failure-free EPI technical operation, new diagnostic tools are in demand. Such means should be seamlessly integrated in IMS to enable high operational efficiency and performance reliability. Therefore, it is of particular relevance to tackle the scientific and technical issue of rational combination of protection and preservation of the characteristics of fiber-optic sensors of relative humidity control systems in ship EPI. To solve the problem, the chosen object of this study is the processes of formation and transformation of the diagnostic signal in the means of humidity control. It has been established that the improvement of the characteristics of the control means can be achieved through the synthesis of known optical circuits and the latest materials. To register the parameters of relative humidity, a new circuitry solution was proposed for the sensor based on fiber-optic and elements made of nanomaterials. The main feature of the proposed monitoring tool is invariance to operational destabilizing factors. The scope of application of the obtained research results involves distributed fiber-optic systems for monitoring the technical condition of ship electric power systems. The introduction of a new means for measuring humidity will make it possible to achieve an increase in the efficiency of use and reliability of EPI by reducing the accident rate by 6...11 %, as well as a decrease in operating costs by USD 8...10 per 1 kWh of generated power per year of operation with an average load
Determining the components of the structural-automatic model of firing a single target in armor protection with fragmentation-beam projectiles of directed action in a series of three shots based on the reference graph of states
Authors: Yakovenko Vadim , Furmanova Nataliia , Flys Ihor , Shchavinsky Yuryi , Farafonov Oleksii , Malyi Oleksandr , Samoylyk Sergiy 
Published: November 2022

The problem of determining the components of the structural-automatic model is solved by creating a graph of states and transitions. The purpose of the process is to form a formalized expression of the object of study in the form of a structural-machine model of the process of firing a mobile armored vehicle with a series of three shots with fragmentation-beam projectiles of directional action. This model can be further practically implemented during the development of the latest samples of fire resistance in order to reduce errors at the stage of system design. This approach reduces the cost of design and production of prototypes by up to 25 %.
This paper considers the process involving interrelated elements of the components of a system while accounting for all possible variants of its behavior from the moment of detection to the failure of a single target in armor protection to perform tasks as intended. The execution of a fire task is considered as a set of certain procedures characterized by the average value of their duration. The explosive destruction of the hull of each fragmentation-beam projectile is characterized by the self-propagation of the reaction of explosive transformations based on tabular data on an armored combat vehicle. Appropriate procedures (phases) of firing a single target in armor protection are advisable to formalize to create preconditions for obtaining the value of a statistical indicator of the effectiveness of causing damage to the target and to study further alternative options for this process.
For the proposed structural-automatic model of the process of firing a single target in armor protection with a series of fragmentation-beam projectiles of directional action, validation and verification were carried out, which demonstrated the convergence of the results that exceeded 60 %. The use of the structural-automatic model's components proposed in this work increases the probability of performing a fire task for the first shot from 0.23 to 0.88, for the second – from 0.35 to 0.95, for the third – from 0.45 to 0.98
Using the hybrid composites as coating layers to inhibit the chemical corrosion in oil mineral reservoirs
Authors: Hameed Noor 
Published: November 2022

This work aims to the identify level of hybrid nanocomposite coatings of a stainless steel alloy that is used in the manufacture of mineral reservoirs for the storage of oil products in the oil products distribution company (Opdc). Corrosion is one of modern society's most serious engineering problems where losses incurred due to it each year are estimated at billions of dollars. Technological options have to be exercised to protect against corrosion and an effort to combat these losses. To overcome this severe problem, several successful efforts have been made using corrosion inhibitors. Corrosion inhibitors are compounds used in low concentrations to prevent or slow down the corrosion process. The used metal (low carbon steel St-37) was coated with zinc phosphate as an initial layer, cellulose nitrate reinforced with MgO nanopowder by weight percentage (3 wt. %) as an intermediate layer, and epoxy resin reinforced with weight reinforcement percentage (2 wt. %) of particles (MgO+coke coal (1:1)) as a final layer. In addition, a cognitive scale was prepared from (hardness, adhesion strength, chemical corrosion test as well as electrochemical corrosion test. It was found the hardness increased with coated by an initial layer and the value of adhesion strength of triple coating layers was (232 Psi). Chemical and electrochemical corrosion tests have shown the efficiency of prepared coating layers in corrosion inhibiting and metal protection. The used inhibitors in the work are inexpensive materials that allow solving the problem of rational nature management by reducing corrosion and providing the transition to the use of environmentally safe efficient technologies