bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formulation, Optimization and Characterization of Bupropion Hydrochloride
Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Intra-Nasal Administration:
An Approach to Management of Smoking Cessation
Authors: Natarajan Jawahar , Rekharani Aravind Shyamprasad , Nidamanuri Bala Sai Soujith , Rajendra Praharsh Kumar Mandadhi , Venkatachalam Senthil , Selvaraj Jubie 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Tobacco smoking is a major factor leading to cardiovascular diseases. About 48% of cardiovascular diseases occur due to cigarette smoking. Bupropion hydrochloride is a non-nicotine treatment for smoking cessation. The existing marketed formulation of bupropion has limitations, like low bioavailability and extensive first-pass metabolism. In order to boost the bioa-vailability and increase the brain biodistribution of the drug, a colloidal drug delivery system, like nanostructured lipid carriers, is employed.

Methods:
NLC formulation was prepared using the microemulsion technique and an optimized formula was developed using a three-level factorial design.

Results:
The particle size of the optimized formulation was 162 nm, the polydispersity index was 12.2%, and the zeta potential was -29.0mV. Entrapment efficiency was found to be 41.2%. SEM images show that these NLCs are spherical. In vitro drug release study was conducted, and at the end of 72 hours, 50% of the drug was released, indicating the sustained release of the drug. Histo-pathological studies were conducted using goat nasal mucosa, and results indicated the NLC formu-lation as non-toxic for intranasal administration.

Conclusion:
Thus, through the intra-nasal route, an increased concentration of drug can be deliv-ered to the brain via the olfactory pathway, thereby improving the therapeutic effect and exhibiting better patient compliance in smoking cessation.
Sam Ratulangi's philosophical cultural ideas and their implications in the principle of just and civilized humanity
Authors: Pangalila Theodorus , Loho Ambrosius Markus , Tanase Tasente 
Published: October 2022

The article aims to explore the philosophical thinking of Si Tou Timou Tumou Tou (living human to humanize others) concerning the noble values contained in the second principle of the Pancasila, "Just and Civilized Humanity." The background of this paper is the development of the current era that erodes human existence from social man to individualist man. This article is library research by exploring the thoughts of Sam Ratulangi through relevant books and sources and looking for their relevance to the precept of Just and Civilized Humanity. The Si Tou Timou Tumou Tou is the most prominent Minahasan culture and animates the lives of the people of North Sulawesi in general and the people of the Tomohon city in particular. The values in the local wisdom of "Si Tou Timou Tumou Tou" are closely related to the fundamental values found in the second principle of Pancasila. The local wisdom of "Si Tou Timou Tumou Tou" and the second precept of Pancasila place human nature at an essential level in life.
PEMBELAJARAN BANGUN DATAR MENGGUNAKAN PERMAINAN ANAK TRADISIONAL INDONESIA
Authors: Muslihatun Ana , Sugiman Sugiman 
Published: October 2022

Kegiatan pembelajaran bangun datar yang hanya menitikberatkan pada prosedur formal, tidak mampu mengembangkan lintasan belajar siswa. Oleh karena itu, pembelajaran bangun datar menggunakan konteks permainan tradisional menjadi salah satu alternatif yang dapat dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan learning trajectory siswa dalam mengkonstruksikan konsep luas bangun datar dengan menggunakan konteks bentuk papan permainan dam-daman sebagai titik awal pembelajaran. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif berupa design research. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah serangkaian aktivitas pada tingkat situational, referensial, general, dan formal. Pada tingkat situational, pemahaman awal secara langsung bentuk-bentuk bangun datar menggunakan bentuk papan permainan dam-daman. Tingkat referensial, siswa merepresentasi bentuk bangun apa yang ditemukan pada papan permainan dam-daman melalui representasi gambar. Tingkat general, siswa menghitung luas dari suatu bangun dengan menggunakan satu satuan luas yang telah ditentukan. Terakhir, tingkat formal, siswa merekonstruksi pemahaman mereka untuk menentukan rumus masing-masing luas bangun datar. Simpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa papan permainan dam-daman mampu merangsang siswa dalam mengkonstruksikan konsep luas bangun datar seperti persegi panjang, segitiga, jajar genjang, dan trapesium.
Efektivitas Program Layanan Transjakarta Cares Bagi Penyandang Disabilitas di DKI Jakarta
Authors: Akbar Alfredo , Miradhia Darto , Buchari Rd Ahmad 
Published: October 2022

This study was conducted to identify the effectiveness of the Transjakarta Cares service program for persons with disabilities in DKI Jakarta to be able to determine the extent to which the Transjakarta Cares service program is able to provide the needs according to the wishes of persons with disabilities. In this study, the author uses the theory issued by Edy Sutrisno which measures the effectiveness of the program with five aspects, namely understanding the program, being on target, being on time, achieving goals, and real change. Then the researchers in this study used qualitative methods to be able to explain in detail the effectiveness of the Transjakarta Cares service program. According the results of the research that researchers have done, it can be seen that the Transjakarta Cares service program for persons with disabilities in DKI Jakarta has not been effective. This is reviewed through five aspects that are considered to have not been able to be fulfilled to the maximum. From the aspect of understanding the program, it can be assessed that not all parties have a good understanding of the Transjakarta Cares program, the timely aspect that has not been carried out according to the procedure, and the aspect of achieving the goals that have not been achieved. Because of this, the Transjakarta Cares service program is considered ineffective and requires program evaluation to be able to improve the service program provided to persons with disabilities. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi terkait dengan efektivitas dari program layanan Transjakarta Cares bagi penyandang disabilitas di DKI Jakarta untuk dapat mengetahui sejauh mana program layanan Transjakarta Cares mampu memberikan kebutuhan yang sesuai dengan keinginan dari penyandang disabilitas. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan teori yang dikeluarkan oleh Edy Sutrisno yang mengukur efektivitas program dengan lima aspek yaitu pemahaman program, tepat sasaran, tepat waktu, tercapainya tujuan, dan perubahan nyata. Kemudian peneliti dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk dapat menjelaskan secara rinci terkait efektivitas dari program layanan Transjakarta Cares. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah peneliti lakukan dapat diketahui bahwasanya program layanan Transjakarta Cares bagi penyandang disabilitas di DKI Jakarta belum efektif. Hal ini ditinjau melalui lima aspek yang dinilai belum mampu terpenuhi dengan maksimal. Dari aspek pemahaman program yang dapat dinilai belum semua pihak memhami dengan baik program Transjakarta Cares, aspek tepat waktu yang belum sesuai prosedur, serta aspek tercapainya tujuan yang belum tercapai. Oleh karena ini hal ini membuat program layanan Transjakarta Cares dinilai belum efektif dan membutuhkan evaluasi program untuk dapat meningkatkan program layanan yang diberikan kepada penyandang disabilitas.
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN KETERBUKAAN INFORMASI PUBLIK DI KOTA CIMAHI
Authors: Fauziyah Indah Annisa , Rusli Budiman , Ismanto Slamet Usman 
Published: October 2022

The Indonesian government seeks to optimize the democratization process through public information disclosure. Then in order to implement public information disclosure, the City of Cimahi Government, formed the Cimahi City Information and Documentation Management Officer on February 2, 2011 in order to provide optimal information services to the public. The purpose of this study is to describe how the implementation of public information disclosure policies in Cimahi City are guided by the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia Number 3 of 2017 by being analyzed and studied using the theory of policy implementation from Charles O. Jones which consists of Organizational Aspects, Interpretation Aspects and Application Aspects. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, literature study, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the Public Information Disclosure Policy in Cimahi City has not been fully implemented properly. There are still some obstacles in its implementation, such as the PPID Pemabntu there is no information officer who specifically handles information services, the preparation of a list of public information is constrained because there are still agencies that have not issued a list of public information, and also the lack of socialization to the public regarding the flow of information requests because it is still many do not know about it. Pemerintah Indonesia berupaya untuk mengoptimalkan proses demokratisasi melalui keterbukaan informasi publik. Kemudian dalam rangka mengimplementasikan keterbukaan informasi publik, Pemerintah Kota Cimahi, membentuk Pejabat Pengelola Informasi dan Dokumentasi Kota Cimahi pada 2 Februari 2011 guna memberikan pelayanan informasi yang optimal kepada publik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana implementasi kebijakan keterbukaan informasi publik di Kota Cimahi yang berpedoman pada Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia Nomor 3 Tahun 2017 dengan dianalisis dan dikaji menggunakan teori implementasi kebijakan dari Charles O. Jones yang terdiri dari Aspek Organisasi, Aspek Interpretasi dan Aspek Aplikasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, studi kepustakaan, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Implementasi Kebijakan Keterbukaan Informasi Publik di Kota Cimahi dapat dikatakan belum sepenuhnya berjalan dengan baik. Masih terdapat beberapa kendala dalam pelaksanaannya, seperti di PPID Pemabntu belum ada petugas informasi yang khusus menangani pelayanan informasi, penyusunan daftar informasi publik yang terkendala karena masih ada dinas yang belum mengeluarkan daftar informasi publik, dan juga kurangnya sosialisasi kepada masyarakat mengenai alur permohonan informasi karena masih banyak yang belum mengetahui terkait hal itu.
The drug safety information in domestic medical literature
Authors: Ochyra Bartlomiej , Szewczyk Maciej , Przybylkowski Adam 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Medical literature is an important source of drug safety information relevant for signal detection, safety profile analysis and risk-benefit assessment. The main goal of our study was to assess the utility of domestic medical literature as a source of drug safety information. All safety information identified for active substances published between 1.01.2018-31.12.2019 in domestic medical journals published in Poland were analyzed. Four thousand seven hundred eighty-nine drug safety information was reported for 500 active substances. Two thousand and forty-four submissions dealing with drug safety (48.28%) were identified in the 10 journals from the list of analyzed journals (3 of these were identified in the 2019 JCR and 5 of these were indexed in the main scientific databases and 9 of these had an affiliation to scientific society). There was a correlation between journal impact factor and scientific database indexation with the number of published individual literature reports and type of safety information. Journals publishing in Polish constituted source for about 40% of all safety information published in the examined period. Journals indexed in Medline were the source of about 37% of all safety information while 42% was published in Embase. Local medical literature is a source of valuable safety information but the list of journals for monitoring should be carefully selected with particular attention to journals with impact factor.
Atrial fibrillation ablation: the position of computed tomography in pre-procedural imaging
Authors: Stachyra Milena , Glowniak Andrzej , Czekajska-Chehab Elzbieta 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common supraventricular arrhythmia. Despite significant advances in its treatment, it still remains one of the leading causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In the last two decades, pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) was developed as the most effective treatment option. The reported effectiveness of a single ablation procedure ranges from 40% to 69% with single, and up to 88% with repeated procedures, with acceptable safety profile. The PubMed database was searched, using terms including ‘atrial fibrillation ablation’, ‘pulmonary vein isolation’, ‘computed tomography’, ‘pulmonary vein anatomy’ and ‘ovality index’. Papers were reviewed for relevance and scientific merit. Different imaging techniques are used for pre-procedural assessment of left atrial (LA) anatomy, of which computed tomography (CT) is the most common. It allows assessing pulmonary vein (PV) anatomy, the LA wall thickness in different regions and the left atrial appendage (LAA) anatomy, together with excluding the presence of intracardiac thrombi. Pre-procedural PVs imaging is important regardless of the selected ablation technique, however, cryoballoon (CB) ablation seems to be particularly anatomy-dependent. Additionally, CT also permits assessment of several PVs characteristics (geometry, dimensions, angulations, the ostium area, orientation and ovality index (OI), which are essential for the patients’ qualification and designing the strategy of AF ablation. In this paper, we have reviewed the role of CT imaging in patients undergoing ablation procedure due to recurrent/symptomatic atrial fibrillation. Moreover, we discussed the relevant literature.
Testing sand from selected playgrounds in Romania, Hungary, Slovakia and Poland for eggs of nematodes at the time of massive migration of people from Ukraine to these countries – a pilot study
Authors: Chodun-Wroblewska Wiktoria , Witkowska-Zimny Malgorzata , Nieradko-Iwanicka Barbara 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Nematodes are invertebrates that inhabit the water and soil environment. Numerous nematodes are parasites of plants, animals and humans, especially children. Among the parasitic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, diseases caused by nematodes are very common: eneterobiasis, ascariasis, and toxocarosis. From February 2022, we observe an intensive migration of people from Ukraine to the European Union countries: mainly to Poland (4.5 million) and to a lesser extent to Slovakia, Hungary and Romania. They are mostly women with children. In places where they find shelter, they try to provide children with the best possible conditions for their development. Hence the authors’ interest in hygienic conditions in the playgrounds of the European Union countries bordering Ukraine.
The aim of the study was to examine samples from selected playgrounds in Romania, Hungary, Slovakia and Poland for eggs of nematodes Ascaris lumbricoides, Toxocara sp., and Trichuris trichiura.
Twenty samples of sand and soil obtained from 4 playgrounds in Craiova (Romania), Miskolc (Hungary), Košice (Slovakia) and Lublin (Poland). In order to detect the presence of Toxocara canis/cati, Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichiuris trichiura eggs, a modified flotation method was used. No eggs of parasites were found in the examined sand samples. The pilot study suggests that refugees can safely play in the playgrounds in Romania, Hungary, Slovakia and Poland.
Placental angiogenesis, IUGR & CMV awareness in Iraqi women
Authors: Hameed Ahmed Fakhir , Noel Khalida Ibrahim , Akkila Sameh Samir 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The placenta is considered the first interface between mother and fetus, and a normal placenta is essential for pregnancy without complications. IUGR is considered the most common condition recognized in complicated pregnancy and accounts for 26% or more of stillbirth. The current study aims to explore the presence of IUGR and placental angiogenesis by investigating the expression of VEGF and eNOS in both placenta of IUGR of CMV-infected mother and placenta of normal mother in relation to awareness of CMV in Iraqi women.
The expressions of VEGF and e NOS was studied using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique, while awareness was studied using 10-minute surveys in Al-Karkh directorate (Baghdad) to investigate their knowledge of CMV infection in relation to the level of education and economic status.
The expression of angiogenic factors (VEGF, eNOS) was significant in syncitiotrophoblasts, smooth muscle cells and corionic villous stromal cells, and was significant in unaware, low-educated women with low income. Increased expression of angiogenic factors of IUGR babies may be a result of unawareness of CMV infection, which leads to dysregulation of angiogenic factors, and, subsequently, to inadequate placental vascularization.
Optimized Rapid Disintegrating Tablets produced through Central Composite Design
Authors: Ahad Hindustan Abdul , Chinthaginjala Haranath , Reddy Govardhan , Ganthala Aravind Kumar , Siddhartha Tharun Teja 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The work is aimed at producing fast disintegrating diclofenac potassium tablets to relieve pain and tenderness by applying a quality-by-design approach. Diclofenac potassium (DP) is of BCS class II and has issues of minimal oral bioavailability. This can be overcome by complexing DP with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and sodium starch glycolate (SSG). The attempt was to optimize DP tablets by applying central composite design (CCD). Nine different DP tablet formulations were created and assessed for physicochemical constraints, disintegration time and drug dissolution at the end of 30 min. The separate and mutual consequences of β-CD and SSG on the disintegration time of DP tablets are highly significant (P<0.01). The DP tablets made with β-CD in 150 mg disintegrated rapidly within 39±2 sec, and gave very rapid drug dissolution (96.35±2.36%) at the end of 30 min. These DP tablets (F-8) contain β-CD (150 mg) and SSG at 32.07 mg. The intermittent levels of β-CD and higher levels of SSG gave good dissolution of DP tablets. The polynomial equation linking the response, i.e. disintegration time in sec (Y1) and the levels of β-CD (A) and SSG (B) based on the pragmatic results, is Y1=45-3.14277A- 2.46599B-1.25AB+1.75A2-0.5B2. In contrast, the DP release at the end of 30 min was expressed as Y2 = 88.57 + 4.09333A + 3.27837B + 1.2525AB - 2A2 + 0.8875B2. The study concludes that SSG decreases the disintegration time with its concentration and β-CD concentration ingresses the drug release from the formulation.
Should Blind Evaluation of Polygraph Charts Be a Mandatory Procedure in Evidentiary Examinations?
Authors: Gołaszewski Marcin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The article considers the advantages of blind interpretation of polygraph charts in the context of subjectivity in polygraph examinations. The purpose of this article is to provoke a discussion on the inclusion of blind scoring in evidentiary examinations as a standard procedure. Resorting to such a method should curb the impact of cognitive bias on interpreting test data as it has been proved empirically that information on the case facts and the examinee, provided to the examiner before the examination, may influence the subsequent interpretation of the charts.
Sphaeropsis sapinea (Fr.) Dyko & B. Sutton in Pinus sylvestris L. stands affected by long-term drought
Authors: Lorenc František , Véle Adam 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this study, the fruit bodies (pycnidial) colonization and spore presence of Sphaeropsis sapinea (Fr.) Dyko & B. Sutton on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees in stands affected by long-term drought in the Czech Republic were evaluated. A total of 520 cones at four sites were evaluated every 1.5 months from June 2019 to December 2020. The pycnidia of S. sapinea in relation to colonization by subcortical insects in inner bark and wood, and wood-decaying fungi a total of 340 trunks at 17 sites during the autumn of 2020 were also evaluated. Pycnidial colonization of S. sapinea on cones was significantly higher at the site with the highest air humidity and significantly lower in the sampling periods of June 2019, August 2019, and November 2019, which were characterized by low precipitation levels. S. sapinea spore presence on cones was significantly higher at sites in Bohemia compared to those in Moravia, in sites with higher air humidity, and in three consecutive sampling periods in March 2020–June 2020. Pycnidial colonization of S. sapinea on trunks was significantly positively dependent on the colonization of subcortical insects in both inner bark and wood, but not with the colonization of wood-decaying fungi. The results of this study show a positive relationship between high humidity and colonization by subcortical insects in inner bark and wood with S. sapinea on Scots pine.
Forest inventory based on canopy height model derived from airborne laser scanning data
Authors: Sačkov Ivan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Airborne laser scanning (ALS) has emerged as a remote sensing technology capable of providing data suitable for deriving all types of elevation models. A canopy height model (CHM), which represents absolute height of objects above the ground in metres (e.g., trees), is the one most commonly used within the forest inventory. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of forest inventory performed for forest unit covered 17,583 ha (Slovakia, Central Europe) using the CHM derived from ALS data. This objective also included demonstrating the applicability of freely available data and software. Specifically, ALS data acquired during regular airborne survey, QGIS software, and packages for R environment were used for purpose of this study. A total of 180 testing plots (5.6 ha) were used for accuracy assessment. The differences between CHM-predicted and ground-observed forest stand attributes reached a relative root mean square error at 10.9%, 23.1%, and 34.5% for the mean height, mean diameter, and volume, respectively. Moreover, all predictions were unbiased (p-value < 0.05) and the strength of the relationships between CHM-predicted and ground-observed forest stand attributes were relative high (R2 = 0.7 – 0.8).
Detecting and categorising lexical innovations in a corpus of tweets
Authors: Tarrade Louise , Magué Jean-Philippe , Chevrot Jean-Pierre 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we present the methodology we have developed for the detection of lexical innovations, implemented here on a corpus of 650 million of French tweets covering a period from 2012 to 2019. Once detected, innovations are categorized as change or buzz according to whether their use has stabilized or dropped over time, and three phases of their dynamics are automatically identified. In order to validate our approach, we further analyse these dynamics by modelling the user network and characterising the speakers using these innovations via network variables. This allows us to propose preliminary observations on the role of individuals in the diffusion process of linguistic innovations which are in line with Milroy & Milroy’s (1997) theories and encourage further investigations.