bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERBANDINGAN SISTEM JAMINAN KESEHATAN UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE (UHC) DI-INDONESIA DAN KUBA
Authors: Sobeang Detayu 
Published: February 2022

<table width="609" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="609"><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p align="center"> </p><p>Cakupan kesehatan semesta (UHC) telah tercapai jika seluruh penduduk memiliki akses terhadap layanan kesehatan yang komprehensip dan bermutu tanpa terkendala oleh biaya. Kuba walaupun merupakan negara yang berpenghasilan rendah namun memiliki dan merupakan salah satu negara dengan cakupan UHC terbaik di dunia dengan layanan kesehatan gratis kepada rakyatnya (100%). Indonesia sendiri saat ini cakupan kepesertaan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) telah mencapai 82 persen.</p><p>Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui sistem kesehatan yang di terapkan negara Kuba dan melihat penerapan atau upaya UHC antara Kuba dan Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang di gunakan adalah <em>literatur review</em> atau kajian kepustakaan di mana penulis mencari data melalui jurnal, buku dan berita-berita yang di muat media. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Negara kuba lebih mengedepankan Primery Health Care (PHC) dalam upaya meningkatkan layanan kesehatan, meningkatkan jumlah Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) Kesehatan dengan telah mencapai rasio 1:150 untuk jumlah dokter dan penduduk yang dilayani. Sedangkan Indonesia rasionya adalah 1:2500 untuk jumlah dokter dan penduduk yang dilayani. Masih banyak tantangan yang dihadapi oleh Indonesia dalam rangka mewujudkan UHC, antara lain kelengkapan sarana prasarana di fasilitas kesehatan, ketersediaan obat dan alat kesehatan, pemerataan distribusi SDM Kesehatan, pemanfaatan data dan sistem informasi, kecukupan anggaran, kenaikan iuran serta regulasi-regulasi yang mendorong perbaikan penyelenggaraan Program JKN.</p><p>Kesimpulan: Kuba telah mampu memberikan jaminan kesehatan secara universal dalam kondisi finansial yang masih minim. Kuba sebagai negara berkembang memiliki sistem jaminan kesehatan terbaik dari seluruh negara berkembang lainya bahkan lebih baik dari negara maju. Berangkat dari hal tersebut dapat menjadi refleksi dari sistem jaminan kesehatan di Indonesia untuk mengadakan perbaikan dan tidak ragu dalam penambahan anggaran Kesehatan.</p><p> </p></td></tr></tbody></table>
The Efficacy of Mycosorb in Broiler Diets Contaminated with Low Doses of Aflatoxin B1
Authors: Nalle Catootjie Lusje , Supit Max Arthur Julian , Bere Ignasius Juncen Riu , Hawu Roni 
Published: February 2022

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of Mycosorb in broiler diets containing a low level of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). A total of 200 male broiler chicks (Lohmann) were randomly distributed into 20 pens (10 birds/pen). The experimental design used was a 2 x 2 factorial completely randomized design with two main factors which were the AFB1 levels (non-detectable level; 2.58 ppb) and mycotoxin binder (MB) (0 and 0.15% Mycosorb), respectively. The treatments were control diet (P1), control diet + MB (P2), 2.58 ppb AFB1 diet (P3), and 2.58 ppb AFB1 diet + MB (P3). The AFB1 diets were formulated by replacing the whole proportion of fresh corn with moldy corn containing 4.22 ppb AFB1. The results showed that except for the digestibility coefficient of crude fat (DCCF), AL x MB interaction was not significant (P>0.05) for the growth performance and DCCP. The AFB1 levels (AL) improved (P<0.001) feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and reduced the DCCF of broilers. The AFB1 levels enhanced the body weight gain (BWG) of growing broilers, but it did not augmented (P>0.05) the BWG of starter broilers. The digestibility coefficient of crude protein was not influenced (P>0.05) by the AFB1 levels. DCCF of broilers who received AFB1 diets were lower (P<0.05) than that of the control diet. Mycosorb did not affect (P>0.05) all variables measured. In conclusion, 1) except for DCCF, AFB1 levels x MB interaction did not improve growth performance and DCCP; 2) the AFB1 level of 2.58 ppb in the diets increased FI and BWG of broilers, but reduced the feed efficiency and DCCF; and 3) Mycosorb did not improve all variables measured.
QUANTITATIVE VARIABILITY OF BURROW PERCENTAGE ESTIMATED FROM 2D VIEWS: EXAMPLE FROM THALASSINOIDES-BEARING STRATA, CENTRAL SAUDI ARABIA
Authors: ELTOM HASSAN ABDALLA , ALQUBALEE ABDULLAH MOHAMMED 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
This study examines computed tomography (CT) scans of a 15.24-cm diameter and 17.1-cm length core cut from Thalassinoides-bearing strata (Hanifa Formation, central Saudi Arabia) to explore the quantitative variability in burrow percentage when estimated using 2D views. A cropped quadrangular prism of this core allowed 202 2D slices in two vertical orientations and 165 horizontal 2D slices. Thalassinoides volume represents 20.0% (burrow percentage) of the total volume within this cropped quadrangular prism. The estimated burrow percentage by the 2D vertical slices varies from 11.8% to 30.3% with a mean value of 19.9% ± 3.3% and 19.6% ± 3.9%, and coefficients of variation of 17% and 20%, for the two vertical orientations. A wider range and slightly more variability are found when estimated burrow percentage using the horizontal slices (burrow percentage range from 6.1% to 33.1% with a mean value of 19.8% ± 6.5% and coefficient of variation of 33.1%). However, analysis of variance results indicated no statistically significant difference between the distribution of the burrow percentage among vertical and horizontal slices. A test of how randomly selected slices of the CT scan would represent the burrow percentage indicated that even five randomly selected slices could retain a mean comparable to the actual burrow percentage of the CT scan. Based on these results, we suggested a statistical way to quantify the uncertainty associated with estimating the burrow percentage from 2D views, an important step toward a complete understanding of variability in burrow percentage (and bioturbation intensity) when estimated from 2D views.
Alkali/Polymer Flooding of High-TAN Oil: Live Oil and Dead Oil Evaluation
Authors: Hincapie Rafael E. , Borovina Ante , Clemens Torsten , Hoffmann Eugen , Wegner Jonas 
Published: February 2022

Summary
Alkali/polymer (AP) flooding of high-TAN oil is a promising enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method. Phase tests reveal that the generated emulsions are thermodynamically unstable macroemulsions rather than Winsor-type emulsions as observed in alkali/surfactant (AS) systems. We investigated the effect of gas on the phase behavior and displacement efficiency of AS systems. The reason is that the impact of gas in solution on the displacement efficiency in alkali projects is significant, neglecting the gas effects underestimates the incremental recovery factor by &gt;15%.
Experiments and analysis were performed to investigate the effects of alkali injection into a live and dead high-TAN oil. Viscosity measurements using a capillary rheometer and oscillating u-tube were done to ensure the same viscosity of the dead oil (adding cyclohexane) to live oil. Alkali phase behavior scans were used to determine the amount of emulsions formed initially and over time. The structure and characteristics of the emulsions were investigated using a high-resolution microscope. Micromodel experiments (dead oil only) were performed to elucidate the displacement efficiency effects on pore scale, while flooding experiments showed the displacement efficiency on core scale.
Phase experiments showed that initially, a substantial amount of emulsions is formed. The volume of the emulsion is changing over time reaching zero for the live and dead oil. The microscope pictures show that in the initial stage, a “middle phase” macroemulsion is present. With time, the middle phase disappears supporting the results of thermodynamically unstable emulsions seen in the phase experiments. Micromodels show that oil is mobilized by AP injection on a local scale by elongating ganglia and reducing the size of trapped oil and only a limited amount of macroemulsions is formed at the oil/alkali/water interface. The increased oil recovery is thus an effect of the local capillary number and mobilization of ganglia. Here, no stable three-phase system consisting of oil/microemulsion/water as in AS system is generated. Live oil AP corefloods lead to recovery factors of 95% compared with 74% for dead oil. The gas in solution improves the local pore scale sweep efficiency and needs to be included in the evaluation of AP flooding to ensure that incremental oil production is not underestimated for high TAN number oils. The main findings are as follows:
Phase experiments of alkali with dead and live high TAN oil show that initially a large amount of emulsions is generated. However, these emulsions are thermodynamically unstable macroemulsions. Micromodel investigations show that the local pore scale displacement efficiency is improved by injecting AP solutions. Gas in solution is substantially improving the local displacement efficiency and needs to be included to correctly determine incremental oil production from AP flooding.
Rheology and Injectivity Studies on Scleroglucan Biopolymer for Carbonates under Harsh Conditions
Authors: Elhossary Deena , AlAmeri Waleed , Al-Shalabi Emad W. 
Published: February 2022

Summary
Polymer flooding is a mature chemical enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technology with more than 40 years of laboratory- and field-scale applications. Nevertheless, polymers exhibit poor performance in carbonates owing to their complex nature of mixed-to-oil wettability, high temperature, high salinity, and heterogeneity with low permeability. The main objective of this study is to experimentally evaluate the performance of a potential biopolymer (scleroglucan) in carbonates under harsh conditions of high temperature and high salinity. This experimental investigation includes polymer rheological studies as well as polymer injectivity tests. Rheological studies were performed on the biopolymer samples to measure the polymer viscosity as a function of concentration, shear rate, salinity, and temperature. Injectivity characteristics of this biopolymer were also examined through single-phase corefloods using high permeability carbonate outcrops. The injectivity tests consisted of two stages of water preflush and polymer injection. These tests were conducted using high salinity formation water [167,000 ppm total dissolved solids (TDS)] and seawater (43,000 ppm TDS) at both room (25°C) and high temperature (90°C) conditions.
The rheological tests showed that the biopolymer has a high viscosifying power, and it exhibits a shear-thinning behavior that is more prevalent at higher polymer concentrations. Also, a pronounced effect was observed for water salinity on both polymer filterability and injectivity. Moreover, the biopolymer exhibited better filterability at the high temperature as opposed to the room temperature. From the injectivity tests, the shear-thinning behavior of this biopolymer in the porous media was confirmed as the resistance factor (RF) decreased with increasing the flow rate applied. The potential biopolymer showed good injectivity at both the room and the high temperatures. A limited number of studies have evaluated the rheological and injectivity performance of this newly developed EOR grade scleroglucan biopolymer in carbonates under harsh conditions of high salinity and high temperature. Most of the previous studies were performed in sandstones under relatively mild salinity and temperature conditions. Hence, this study provides further insight into the performance of this biopolymer and encourages application in carbonates under harsh salinity and temperature conditions.
The Whistleblower's Dilemma: An Evolutionary Game Analysis of Early Warning System for Public Health Emergency
Authors: Cao Feng , Zhang Ling , Wu Yihan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

The outbreak of a disease is presenting a serious challenge to China’s current public health emergency management system. Despite of China’s emergency preparedness is showing a good overall progress, gaps remain in the implementation of effective early warning system. In this context, a tripartite evolutionary game model composed of the local government, the whistleblower, and the public is formulated. By using MATLAB, the dynamic evolution path of the game model is stimulated under different conditions. The stable strategies for early warning system for public health emergency are also explored. The results indicate that the cost of whistleblowing, the cost of response, and the benefit of attention significantly influence strategic decisions among three parties. This study highlights the importance of the whistleblowing in managing public health emergency. Yet our findings provide theoretical support for policy recommendations for promoting the public health emergency preparedness.
Lipid-Coated Hybrid Nanoparticles for Enhanced Bacterial Biofilm Penetration and Antibiofilm Efficacy
Authors: Lee Hiang Wee , Kharel Sharad , Loo Say Chye Joachim 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The biofilm way of life is a common strategy for bacteria to adapt and gain tolerance towards antibiotic treatments. Up to 80% of all infections are biofilm-mediated and they are often challenging to treat as the underlying bacterial cells can become 100 – 1000-fold more tolerant towards antibiotics. Antibiotic-loaded nanoparticles have gained traction as a potential drug delivery system to treat biofilm infections. Specifically, lipid-coated hybrid nanoparticles (LCHNPs) were investigated on their capability to deliver antibiotics into biofilms. In this study, LCHNPs composed of a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) core and dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium propane (DOTAP) lipid shell were developed and loaded with vancomycin (Van). In vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm tests were performed to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of the LCHNPs.Results: LCHNPs were successfully fabricated with high vancomycin encapsulation efficiency of 48.66% and loading efficiency of 72.99 µg/mg. DOTAP was determined to be successfully coated on the PLGA core by measuring the ζ-potential of the nanoparticles. LCHNPs had a positive ζ-potential of +36.13 mV which contrasted significantly from the ζ-potential of -36.83 mV of bare PLGA nanoparticles (PLGANPs). LCHNPs exhibited enhanced antibacterial effects against planktonic Staphylococcus aureus USA300 cells, with at least 6-fold reduction in minimum inhibitory concentration when compared against Free-Van and Van-PLGANPs. When used to treat USA300 biofilms, Van-LCHNPs eradicated up to 99.99% of the underlying biofilm cells, an effect which was not observed for Free-Van and Van-PLGANPs. Finally, we showed that by possessing a robust DOTAP shell, LCHNPs were able to penetrate deeply into the biofilms. Conclusion: LCHNPs were shown to display remarkable antimicrobial efficacy towards both planktonic and biofilm cells as the presence of the lipid shell enhanced the interactions with bacterial cells and penetration into biofilms. More work could be done to understand nanoparticle-biofilm interactions; this would help to optimize the LCHNPs further to treat biofilm infections successfully.
The Moral Injury, PTSD, and Suicidal Behaviors in Health Professionals 1 Year After the COVID-19 Pandemic Peak in China
Authors: Ma Wanrui , Koenig Harold G , Wen Jing , Liu Jun , Shi Xiuquan , Wang Zhizhong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Moral injury among healthcare workers received considerable attention in China during the COVID-19 pandemic as a predictor of poor mental health outcomes. This study explored the relationship between moral injury, PTSD, and suicidal behaviors approximately 1 year after the pandemic peaked in this country.
Methods
An online survey was conducted from March 27 to April 26, 2021, across mainland China. A total of 3,465 health professionals completed the Chinese version of the Moral Injury Symptoms Scale-Health Professional (MISS-HP), Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), and PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL‐5). Unconditional logistic regression modeling was used to examine the association between these variables.
Results
The prevalence of PTSD and suicidal behavior among health professionals were 26.9% and 24.2%, respectively. The MISS-HP was positively correlated with PCL-5 (r = 0.43) and SBQ-R (r = 0.24) scores. Logistic regression revealed that MI was associated with a higher likelihood of PTSD (OR = 3.52, 95% CI: 3.01–4.13) and of suicidal behaviors (OR = 2.13, 95% CI:1.81–2.50) after controlling for socio-demographical variables.
Conclusions
Moral injury symptoms were associated with a higher risk of PTSD and more suicidal behaviors among health professionals 1 year after the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings underscore the importance of identifying and treating the moral injury as one way to manage PTSD and suicidal behaviors among health professionals during the post-pandemic period.
Macroscale superlubricity enabled by rationally designed MoS2-based superlattice films
Authors: Ren Siming , Cui Mingjun , Martini Ashlie , Shi Yanbin , Wang Haixin , Pu Jibin , Li Qunyang , Wang Liping 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Although superlubricity is highly desirable for many engineering applications, its implementation has so far been seriously restricted due to limitations in contact size, environmental adaptability and life time. By designing superlattice films with alternating molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and tungsten carbide (WC) layers, we show that long-term macroscale superlubricity (friction coefficient of 0.006) in low vacuum (~10-3 Pa) after a short running-in period in air. Such unusual behavior is enabled when the fine structure of the bilayer unit is rationally controlled to yield incommensurate contacts between MoS2 and metal oxides nanoparticles produced spontaneously during tribological sliding. Our analysis indicates that the WC phase is critical for superlubricity by helping stiffen the film, facilitate preferential growth of crystalline MoS2 along (002) plane parallel to substrate, and produce lubricous nanoparticles. We further demonstrate the superlattice design is generally applicable for MoS2/ceramics materials to achieve long life-time macroscale superlubricity with easy self-rejuvenation capability.
WITHDRAWN: LncRNA NHS-AS1 regulates osteo/odontogenic differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla via miR-5011-5p/SMAD7 axis
Authors: Yu Jiali , Yang Haibing , Yu Qiuyue , Wang Yan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Elucidating the osteo/odontogenic differentiation mechanisms in human stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) is the key to promoting dentin regeneration. A growing number of studies have identified long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as key roles in osteogenesis. Nonetheless, their functions and mechanisms in osteo/odontogenic differentiation of SCAPs have yet to be clarified. Methods: We analyzed the expression profiles of lncRNAs between the osteo/odontogenic differentiation group and control group by lncRNAs microarray and found NHS-AS1 was a key factor during the osteo/odontogenic differentiation of SCAPs, as evidenced by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Explored the function of NHS-AS1 by transfecting NHS-AS1 overexpression plasmid vectors into SCAP cells. qRT-PCR, Western blot, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and alizarin red staining (ARS) were used to detect changes in osteo/odontogenesis-related indicators. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that NHS-AS1 could sponge miR-5011-5p and miR-5011-5p could target SMAD7, which were further affirmed by dual luciferase reporter assay. The role of miR-5011-5p and SMAD7 in the osteo/odontogenic differentiation of SCAP were also clarified by cell transfection techniques. We performed co-transfection experiments to confirm the involvement of miR-5011-5p and SMAD7 in NHS-AS1-mediated osteo/odontogenic differentiation of SCAP.Results: The expression of NHS-AS1 was down-regulated after osteo/odontogenesis of SCAP. Over-expression of NHS-AS1 significantly inhibited the osteo/odontogenesis of SCAPs. Dual luciferase reporter assay demonstrated NHS-AS1 could sponge miR-5011-5p. Further study showed that miR-5011-5p mimics promoted osteo/odontogenic differentiation of SCAPs and reversed NHS-AS1’s inhibitory impact on the process. Meanwhile, as the target gene of miR-5011-5p, SAMD7 depressed the osteo/odontogenic differentiation of SCAPs and could overcome the positive influence of miR-5011-5p mimics on the process. NHS-AS1 competitively sponged miR-5011-5p and alleviated the suppressive action of miR-5011-5p against SMAD7 expression, thereby significantly inhibiting the osteo/odontogenic differentiation of SCAPs. Conclusion: NHS-AS1 inhibits the osteo/odontogenic differentiation of SCAPs via miR-5011-5p/SMAD7 axis.
Impact of Dexamethasone and Inhaled Nitric Oxide on Severe Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Bobot Mickaël , Tonon David , Peres Noémie , Guervilly Christophe , Lefèvre Flora , Max Howard , Bommel Youri , Volff Maxime , Leone Marc , Lopez Alexandre , Simeone Pierre , Carvelli Julien , Hraiech Sami , Papazian Laurent , Velly Lionel , Bourenne Jérémy , Forel Jean-Marie 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundKidney failure is the second most frequent condition after acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in critically ill patients with severe COVID-19 and is strongly associated with mortality. The aim of this multicentric study was to assess the impact of the specific treatments of COVID-19 and ARDS on the risk of severe acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill COVID-19 patients.MethodsIn this cohort study, data from consecutive patients hospitalized in 6 ICUs for COVID-19 were retrospectively collected. The incidence and severity of AKI were monitored during the entire ICU stay. Patients older than 18 years admitted to the ICU for COVID-19-related ARDS requiring invasive mechanical ventilation were included.Results164 patients were included in the final analysis, 97 (59.1%) displayed AKI, of which 39 (23.8%) severe stage 3 AKI and 21 (12.8%) requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT). In univariate analysis, severe AKI was associated with Angiotensin Converting Enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) exposure (p=0.016), arterial hypertension (p=0.029), APACHE-II score (p=0.004) and mortality at D28 (p=0.008), D60 (p<0.001) and D90 (p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, the factors associated with the onset of stage 3 AKI were: exposure to ACEI (OR: 4.238 (1.307-13.736), p=0.016), APACHE II score (without age) (OR: 1.138 (1.044-1.241), p=0.003) and iNO (OR: 5.694 (1.953-16.606), p=0.001). Protective factors were prone positioning (OR: 0.234 (0.057-0.967), p=0.045) and dexamethasone (OR: 0.194 (0.053-0.713), p=0.014).ConclusionsDexamethasone was associated with a prevention of the risk of severe AKI and RRT, and iNO was associated with severe AKI and RRT in critically ill patients with COVID-19. iNO should be used with caution in COVID-19 related ARDS.