bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to define and assess the clinically significant causes of hematuria in childhood
Authors: Horváth Orsolya , Szabó Attila J. , Reusz George S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGiven the wide diversity of causes of hematuria, ranging from simple urinary tract infections with rapid recovery to severe glomerulonephritis with fast decline in kidney function, it is essential to recognize the underlying disease. The first objective of the assessment is to determine whether the cause of the hematuria is medically significant. The combination of hematuria with proteinuria, the presence of hypertension, or worsening kidney function can represent signs of progressive kidney disease. Differentiating the various causes of hematuria is often simple and obvious based on the clinical signs and gross appearance of the urine. However, in some instances, additional non-invasive investigations, such as ultrasound imaging, urinary red cell morphology, measurement of calcium and other solutes in the urine, evaluation of kidney function, and protein excretion, are needed to elucidate the nature of the hematuria. Taking a detailed family history can help in establishing the underlying cause in cases of familial hematuria. On the other hand, the decision to perform a kidney biopsy in children with asymptomatic hematuria remains a challenging issue for clinicians. Ultimately, the frequency of diagnosis of glomerular involvement causing hematuria may depend on the threshold for performing a kidney biopsy. The following review will focus on the diagnostics of hematuria, starting with difficulties regarding its definition, followed by various means to differentiate between urinary, glomerular, and other causes, and finally reviewing the most common diseases that, due to their frequency or their effect on kidney function, present a diagnostic challenge in everyday practice.
Incidence of postoperative symptomatic spinal epidural hematoma requiring surgical evacuation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Qian , Zhong Xiaoxin , Liu Wenzhou , Wong Chipiu , He Qing , Chen Yantao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the incidence of symptomatic spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) following spine surgery.

Methods
We systematically searched for all relevant articles that mentioned the incidence of SSEH following the spine surgery published in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases through March 2022 and manually searched the reference lists of included studies. The Newcastle–Ottawa quality assessment scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of the included studies. A fixed-effects or random-effects model was performed to calculate the pooled incidence of the totality and subgroups based on the heterogeneity. The potential publication bias was assessed by Egger's linear regression and a funnel plot. Sensitivity analysis was also conducted.

Results
A total of 40 studies were included in our meta-analysis based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria. The overall pooled incidence of SSEH was 0.52% (95% CI 0.004–0.007). In the subgroup analysis, the pooled incidence of SSEH in males and females was 0.86% (95% CI 0.004–0.023) and 0.68% (95% CI 0.003–0.017). Among the different indications, a higher incidence (2.9%, 95% CI 0.006–0.084) was found in patients with deformity than degeneration (1.12%, 95% CI 0.006–0.020) and tumor (0.30%, 95% CI 0.006–0.084). For different surgical sites, the incidences of SSEH in cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine were 0.32% (95% CI 0.002–0.005), 0.84% (95% CI 0.004–0.017) and 0.63% (95% CI 0.004–0.010), respectively. The incidences of SSEH in anterior and posterior approach were 0.24% (95% CI 0.001–0.006) and 0.70% (95% CI 0.004–0.011), respectively. The pooled incidence of SSEH was five times higher with minimally invasive surgery (1.94%, 95% CI 0.009–0.043) than with open surgery (0.42%, 95% CI 0.003–0.006). Delayed onset of SSEH had a lower incidence of 0.16% (95% CI 0.001–0.002) than early onset. There were no significant variations in the incidence of SSEH between patients who received perioperative anticoagulation therapy and those who did not or did not report getting chemopreventive therapy (0.44%, 95% CI 0.006–0.084 versus 0.42%, 95% CI 0.003–0.006).

Conclusion
We evaluated the overall incidence proportion of SSEH after spine surgery and performed stratified analysis, including sex, surgical indication, site, approach, minimally invasive surgery, and delayed onset of SSEH. Our research would be helpful for patients to be accurately informed of their risk and for spinal surgeons to estimate the probability of SSEH after spine surgery.
Current state of high-fidelity multimodal monitoring in traumatic brain injury
Authors: Lindblad Caroline , Raj Rahul , Zeiler Frederick A. , Thelin Eric P. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Multimodality monitoring of patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is primarily performed in neuro-critical care units to prevent secondary harmful brain insults and facilitate patient recovery. Several metrics are commonly monitored using both invasive and non-invasive techniques. The latest Brain Trauma Foundation guidelines from 2016 provide recommendations and thresholds for some of these. Still, high-level evidence for several metrics and thresholds is lacking.

Methods
Regarding invasive brain monitoring, intracranial pressure (ICP) forms the cornerstone, and pressures above 22 mmHg should be avoided. From ICP, cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) (mean arterial pressure (MAP)–ICP) and pressure reactivity index (PRx) (a correlation between slow waves MAP and ICP as a surrogate for cerebrovascular reactivity) may be derived. In terms of regional monitoring, partial brain tissue oxygen pressure (PbtO2) is commonly used, and phase 3 studies are currently ongoing to determine its added effect to outcome together with ICP monitoring. Cerebral microdialysis (CMD) is another regional invasive modality to measure substances in the brain extracellular fluid. International consortiums have suggested thresholds and management strategies, in spite of lacking high-level evidence. Although invasive monitoring is generally safe, iatrogenic hemorrhages are reported in about 10% of cases, but these probably do not significantly affect long-term outcome. Non-invasive monitoring is relatively recent in the field of TBI care, and research is usually from single-center retrospective experiences. Near-infrared spectrometry (NIRS) measuring regional tissue saturation has been shown to be associated with outcome. Transcranial doppler (TCD) has several tentative utilities in TBI like measuring ICP and detecting vasospasm. Furthermore, serial sampling of biomarkers of brain injury in the blood can be used to detect secondary brain injury development.

Conclusions
In multimodal monitoring, the most important aspect is data interpretation, which requires knowledge of each metric’s strengths and limitations. Combinations of several modalities might make it possible to discern specific pathologic states suitable for treatment. However, the cost–benefit should be considered as the incremental benefit of adding several metrics has a low level of evidence, thus warranting additional research.
Model Reduction Using Sparse Polynomial Interpolation for the Incompressible Navier–Stokes Equations
Authors: Hess Martin , Rozza Gianluigi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis work investigates the use of sparse polynomial interpolation as a model order reduction method for the parametrized incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. Numerical results are presented underscoring the validity of sparse polynomial approximations and comparing with established reduced basis techniques. Two numerical models serve to assess the accuracy of the reduced order models (ROMs), in particular parametric nonlinearities arising from curved geometries are investigated in detail. Besides the accuracy of the ROMs, other important features of the method are covered, such as offline-online splitting, run time and ease of implementation. The findings provide a clear indication that sparse polynomial interpolation is a valid instrument in the toolbox of ROM methods.
Effects of landscape composition on hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) in mass-flowering crop fields within forest-dominated landscapes
Authors: Toikkanen Jenni , Halme Panu , Kahanpää Jere , Toivonen Marjaana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAgricultural intensification has led to structurally simplified landscapes with reduced and fragmented resources for farmland insects. However, studies on the effects of landscape composition on farmland insects have mainly been performed in areas dominated by open arable land and semi-natural grasslands, while studies from forest-dominated landscapes are scarce. This research examined the effects of landscape composition on hoverfly species richness and abundance in arable land in boreal forest-dominated landscapes. Hoverflies were sampled in 22 mass-flowering caraway (Carum carvi) fields in Central Finland using pan traps. The effects of landscape composition on species richness and abundance were examined for all hoverflies, and for species groups with different adult habitat preferences. Landscape composition was measured as proportions of land cover classes within two different radii. Species richness and abundances of all hoverflies, forest species and open-habitat species increased with decreasing arable land cover and/or increasing forest cover within a 500 m radius (the two land cover classes strongly negatively correlated). Wetland species were most abundant in landscapes with an intermediate cover of arable land and forest, and most species-rich in landscapes with intermediate (10%) water cover. The species richness and abundance of mixed-habitat species increased with increasing cover of transitional woodland.Implications for insect conservationOur results show that most hoverfies in arable land benefit from increasing surrounding forest cover even in relatively heterogeneous, forest-dominated landscapes. Preserving or increasing the area of forests and other non-arable habitats is needed to safeguard a diversity of resources for hoverflies, and associated ecosystem services in farmland.
Estimating flexibility preferences to resolve temporal scheduling conflicts in activity-based modelling
Authors: Manser Patrick , Haering Tom , Hillel Tim , Pougala Janody , Krueger Rico , Bierlaire Michel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a novel activity-based demand model that combines an optimisation framework for continuous temporal scheduling decisions (i.e. activity timings and durations) with traditional discrete choice models for non-temporal choice dimensions (i.e. activity participation, number and type of tours, and destinations). The central idea of our approach is that individuals resolve temporal scheduling conflicts that arise from overlapping activities, e.g. needing to work and desiring to shop at the same time, in order to maximise their daily utility. Flexibility parameters capture behavioural preferences that penalise deviations from desired timings. This framework has three advantages over existing activity-based modelling approaches: (i) the time conflicts between different temporal scheduling decisions including the activity sequence are treated jointly; (ii) flexibility parameters follow a utility maximisation approach; and (iii) the framework can be used to estimate and simulate a city-scale case study in reasonable time. We introduce an estimation routine that allows flexibility parameters to be estimated using real-world observations as well as a simulation routine to efficiently resolve temporal conflicts using an optimisation model. The framework is applied to the full-time workers of a synthetic population for the city of Lausanne, Switzerland. We validate the model results against reported schedules. The results demonstrate the capabilities of our approach to reproduce empirical observations in a real-world case study.
Causal bias in measures of inequality of opportunity
Authors: Ackermans Lennart B. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn recent decades, economists have developed methods for measuring the country-wide level of inequality of opportunity. The most popular method, called the ex-ante method, uses data on the distribution of outcomes stratified by groups of individuals with the same circumstances, in order to estimate the part of outcome inequality that is due to these circumstances. I argue that these methods are potentially biased, both upwards and downwards, and that the unknown size of this bias could be large. To argue that the methods are biased, I show that they ought to measure causal or counterfactual quantities, while the methods are only capable of identifying correlational information. To argue that the bias is potentially large, I illustrate how the causal complexity of the real world leads to numerous non-causal correlations between circumstances and outcomes and respond to objections claiming that such correlations are nonetheless indicators of unfair disadvantage, that is, inequality of opportunity.
Guiding Principles for Managing Co-occurring Alcohol/Other Drug and Mental Health Conditions: a Scoping Review
Authors: Fisher Alana , Rochesson Sylvia Eugene Dit , Mills Katherine , Marel Christina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis scoping review aimed to synthesise the published literature on guiding principles for managing co-occurring alcohol/other drug (AOD) and mental health conditions in AOD treatment settings. Systematic search of key electronic databases (January 1, 2010, to February 17, 2021) produced 4583 articles, and independent title/abstract and full text screening left 43 articles for inclusion. Fifteen guiding principles were identified, most commonly: build a strong therapeutic relationship (n = 24 articles), provide holistic care (n = 12), involve peer support (n = 7), ensure continuity of care (n = 6), support the professional development and competence of workers (n = 6), and provide trauma-informed care (n = 5). Remaining principles were identified in < 5 articles. Limited empirical literature examined the impact of guiding principles on patient- and treatment-related outcomes. This review provides the first comprehensive synthesis of the international literature to derive guiding principles for managing co-occurring AOD and mental health conditions in AOD treatment. Further empirical research is needed to determine the effectiveness of principles at improving outcomes.
From “New Botany” to “New Systematics”: an historical perspective on the Jodrell Laboratory
Authors: Rudall Paula J. 
Published: October 2022

SummaryKew’s Jodrell Laboratory was established in 1876 as a centre for botanical research in disciplines including plant physiology, anatomy and embryology, palaeobotany and mycology. Despite relatively little available funding, its location in one of the world’s largest botanic gardens and close to several well-curated plant collections has ensured its continued existence for almost a century and a half. Under the far-sighted leadership of Kew’s second Director, Joseph Dalton Hooker, the Jodrell Laboratory was established to coincide with Thomas Henry Huxley’s pioneering course at the Normal School of Science in London. Funded by a generous private donation, the Laboratory complemented and augmented the programme in taxonomy and systematics already established in Kew’s Herbarium, and provided a broader educational and research base to explore contemporary laboratory-based discoveries in fields such as physiology and lifecycles (sometimes termed the “New Botany”). The Jodrell Laboratory represents one of the world’s first non-university affiliated laboratories and has spawned several “spin-off” facilities such as the Laboratory of Plant Pathology and the Millennium Seed Bank. This paper traces its early influence as an important centre for research in palaeobotany and plant systematics, its subsequent decline during the inter-war years, and a relatively dynamic period of innovative research following the construction of a new building on the same site.
Three families of q-supercongruences modulo the square and cube of a cyclotomic polynomial
Authors: Guo Victor J. W. , Schlosser Michael J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this paper, three parametricq-supercongruences for truncated very-well-poised basic hypergeometric series are proved, one of them modulo the square, the other two modulo the cube of a cyclotomic polynomial. The main ingredients of proof include a basic hypergeometric summation by George Gasper, the method of creative microscoping (a method recently introduced by the first author in collaboration with Wadim Zudilin), and the Chinese remainder theorem for coprime polynomials.
Low-dose anti-VEGFR2 therapy promotes anti-tumor immunity in lung adenocarcinoma by down-regulating the expression of layilin on tumor-infiltrating CD8+T cells
Authors: Yang Biaolong , Deng Biaolong , Jiao Xiao-Dong , Qin Bao-Dong , Lu Yi , Zhang Weiqi , Guo Yixian , Chen Shiqi , Li Dan , Li Bin , Zang Yuan-Sheng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Our study intended to explore how low-dose anti-angiogenic drugs affected anti-tumor immunity of tumor-infiltrating exhausted CD8+T cells and achieved better clinical response when combined with immunotherapy. We set out to find potential targets or predictive biomarker on CD8+T cells for immunotherapy.

Methods
We tested different doses of anti-VEGFR2 antibody combined with anti-PD1 antibody to treat LUAD in vivo and analyzed tumor-infiltrating CD8+T cells by flow cytometry. CD8+T cells overexpressing LAYN were co-cultured with LA795 cell lines to identify the function of LAYN in CD8+T cells. We also analyzed clinical samples from advanced LUAD patients treated with anti-angiogenesis therapy combined with immunotherapy.

Results
Low-dose anti-VEGFR2 antibody combined with anti-PD1 antibody treatment delayed tumor growth and prolonged the survival time of tumor-bearing mice. The number of tumor-infiltrating CD8+T cells was reduced and the expression of LAYN was down-regulated in tumor-infiltrating CD8+T cells in the low-dose anti-VEGFR2 combination group. It was found that LAYN inhibited the killing function of CD8+T cells. In patients with advanced LUAD who received anti-angiogenesis therapy combined with immunotherapy, the LAYN+CD8+T cell subpopulation in good responders was significantly higher than that in poor responders. Furthermore, we demonstrated the expression of LAYN was regulated by upstream transcription factor NR4A1.

Conclusion
Low-dose anti-VEGFR2 antibody combined with anti-PD1 antibody therapy promoted anti-tumor immunity and the downregulation of LAYN in tumor-infiltrating CD8+T cells played an important role in this process. These findings had implications for improving the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade therapy and further optimized clinical treatment guidelines in advanced LUAD.
Towards Clinical Translation of In Situ Cartilage Engineering Strategies: Optimizing the Critical Facets of a Cell-Laden Hydrogel Therapy
Authors: Duchi Serena , Francis Sam L. , Onofrillo Carmine , O’Connell Cathal D. , Choong Peter , Di Bella Claudia 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background:
Articular cartilage repair using implantable photocrosslinkable hydrogels laden with chondrogenic cells, represents a promising in situ cartilage engineering approach for surgical treatment. The development of a surgical procedure requires a minimal viable product optimized for the clinical scenario. In our previous work we demonstrated how gelatin based photocrosslinkable hydrogels in combination with infrapatellar derived stem cells allow the production of neocartilage in vitro. In this study, we aim to optimize the critical facets of the in situ cartilage engineering therapy: the cell source, the cell isolation methodology, the cell expansion protocol, the cell number, and the delivery approach.

Methods:
We evaluated the impact of the critical facets of the cell-laden hydrogel therapy in vitro to define an optimized protocol that was then used in a rabbit model of cartilage repair. We performed cells counting and immunophenotype analyses, chondrogenic potential evaluation via immunostaining and gene expression, extrusion test analysis of the photocrosslinkable hydrogel, and clinical assessment of cartilage repair using macroscopic and microscopic scores.

Results:
We identified the adipose derived stem cells as the most chondrogenic cells source within the knee joint. We then devised a minimally manipulated stem cell isolation procedure that allows a chondrogenic population to be obtained in only 85 minutes. We found that cell expansion prior to chondrogenesis can be reduced to 5 days after the isolation procedure. We characterized that at least 5 million of cells/ml is needed in the photocrosslinkable hydrogel to successfully trigger the production of neocartilage. The maximum repairable defect was calculated based on the correlation between the number of cells retrievable with the rapid isolation followed by 5-day non-passaged expansion phase, and the minimum chondrogenic concentration in photocrosslinkable hydrogel. We next optimized the delivery parameters of the cell-laden hydrogel therapy. Finally, using the optimized procedure for in situ tissue engineering, we scored superior cartilage repair when compared to the gold standard microfracture approach.

CONCLUSION:
This study demonstrates the possibility to repair a critical size articular cartilage defect by means of a surgical streamlined procedure with optimized conditions.
Estimating and validating the structure of feeding behavior networks
Authors: Zhang Hao , Li Xinrui , Lu Zhou , Zhang Haiyue , Yang Zhe , Wang Yue , Zhang Yuhai , Jiang Xun , Shang Lei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPurposeNetwork analysis has been widely used in psychometrics over the past decade, yet it is unknown that whether this methodology could be applied in the field of child health assessment such as caregivers’ feeding behavior and child eating behavior. Our study leveraged network psychometrics method to estimating and examining the network structure of Chinese Preschoolers’ Caregivers’ Feeding Behavior Scale (CPCFBS), and compared the applicability of network methods in the feeding behavior scale.MethodsThe CPCFBS was previously applied in a sample of 768 preschoolers’ caregivers, used to estimate the structure of feeding behavior networks. Network structure was estimated with Gaussian Graphical Model. Dimensionality was detected using Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA). The network structural consistency was tested using EGA bootstrap. The network structure was compared with the original structure using model fit indices and reliability.ResultsA seven-dimensional EGA network was explored after rearranging four items and deleting one item with unstable structural consistency. The absolute fit and relative fit of EGA structure were better than the original structure. The EGA structure had nearly same values of the reliability with the original structure.ConclusionOur study presented a novel perspective for feeding behavior analytical strategies, and demonstrated that network analysis was applicable and superior in exploring the structure of feeding behavior scales.Level of evidenceLevel V, cross-sectional descriptive study.