bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of pathogen‐inactivated COVID‐19 convalescent plasma and responses in transfused patients
Authors: Weisser Maja , Khanna Nina , Hedstueck Anemone , Sutter Sarah Tschudin , Roesch Sandra , Stehle Gregor , Sava Mihaela , Deigendesch Nikolaus , Battegay Manuel , Infanti Laura , Holbro Andreas , Bassetti Stefano , Pargger Hans , Hirsch Hans H. , Leuzinger Karoline , Kaiser Laurent , Vu Diem‐Lan , Baur Katharina , Massaro Nadine , Busch Michael Paul , Simmons Graham , Stone Mars , Felgner Philip L. , de Assis Rafael R. , Khan Saahir , Tsai Cheng‐ting , Robinson Peter V. , Seftel David , Irsch Johannes , Bagri Anil , Buser Andreas S. , Corash Laurence 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundEfficacy of donated COVID‐19 convalescent plasma (dCCP) is uncertain and may depend on antibody titers, neutralizing capacity, timing of administration, and patient characteristics.Study Design and MethodsIn a single‐center hypothesis‐generating prospective case–control study with 1:2 matched dCCP recipients to controls according to disease severity at day 1, hospitalized adults with COVID‐19 pneumonia received 2 × 200 ml pathogen‐reduced treated dCCP from 2 different donors. We evaluated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) antibodies in COVID‐19 convalescent plasma donors and recipients using multiple antibody assays including a Coronavirus antigen microarray (COVAM), and binding and neutralizing antibody assays. Outcomes were dCCP characteristics, antibody responses, 28‐day mortality, and dCCP ‐related adverse events in recipients.ResultsEleven of 13 dCCPs (85%) contained neutralizing antibodies (nAb). PRT did not affect dCCP antibody activity. Fifteen CCP recipients and 30 controls (median age 64 and 65 years, respectively) were enrolled. dCCP recipients received 2 dCCPs from 2 different donors after a median of one hospital day and 11 days after symptom onset. One dCCP recipient (6.7%) and 6 controls (20%) died (p = 0.233). We observed no dCCP‐related adverse events. Transfusion of unselected dCCP led to heterogeneous SARS CoV‐2 antibody responses. COVAM clustered dCCPs in 4 distinct groups and showed endogenous immune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 antigens over 14–21 days post dCCP in all except 4 immunosuppressed recipients.DiscussionPRT did not impact dCCP anti‐virus neutralizing activity. Transfusion of unselected dCCP did not impact survival and had no adverse effects. Variable dCCP antibodies and post‐transfusion antibody responses indicate the need for controlled trials using well‐characterized dCCP with informative assays.
DEVELOPMENT OF COST-EFFECTIVE ENERGY MANAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR STAND-ALONE HYBRID SYSTEM
Authors: Ab Ghani Mohd Zaini , Md Rasid Madihah , Anuar Mohd Shafiq 
Published: August 2022

Deployment of Photovoltaic (PV) and Wind Turbine (WT) as a stand-alone system are the most affordable solution to the electrification problem in the rural areas. However, the main challenge that hinder the sustainability of PV and WT is the output fluctuation. Thus, the battery and the non- Renewable Energy (RE) sources are required to make sure the continuous supply to the load is met. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to propose the rule-based Energy Management Strategy (EMS) for the stand-alone hybrid system in order to ensure the continuity of supply and the minimum utilization of non-RE can be achieved. The continuous monitoring is designed to avoid the degradation of battery performance while minimizing the non-RE cost. The efficient Stage of Charge (SoC) limit of battery is investigated and applied in this study to store the excess RES power effectively. In this paper, the diesel fired Microturbine (MT) is selected as a non-RE source to integrate into the stand-alone hybrid system that consists of PV, WT and battery. The result shows that the proposed rule-based EMS for the in the stand-alone hybrid system is able to reduce the cost of MT operation to a minimum. Restricting the SoC limits effects the use of MT.
PERFECT CODES IN INDUCED SUBGRAPH OF UNIT GRAPH ASSOCIATED WITH SOME COMMUTATIVE RINGS
Authors: Mudaber Mohammad Hassan , Sarmin Nor Haniza , Gambo Ibrahim 
Published: August 2022

The unit graph associated with a ring is the graph whose vertices are elements of , and two different vertices and are adjacent if and only if where is the set of unit elements of The aim of this paper is to present the perfect codes in induced subgraph of unit graph associated with some commutative rings with unity in which its vertex set is We characterize some families of commutative rings with induced subgraphs of unit graphs accepting the non-trivial perfect codes, and some other families of commutative rings with induced subgraphs of unit graphs which do not accept perfect codes.
EVALUATING THE EFFECT OF PYROLIGNEOUS EXTRACT AS NATURAL ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT UNDER DIFFERENT CONTACT TIMES
Authors: Teo Chee Loong 
Published: August 2022

Pyroligneous extract is a by-product of the charcoal making process. Pyroligneous extract application becomes a potential natural active ingredient to contribute in biocosmetics, bioprocess, and biopharmaceutical industry. In this study, five human harmful microorganisms which related urinary tract infection were selected: Candida albicans 10231, Escherichia coli 8739, Enterococcus faecalis 19433, Proteus vulgaris 33420 and Klebsiella pneumoniae 13883. Time-kill kinetics assay method was used to study natural pyroligneous acid as an antimicrobial agent to determine bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity of the minimum duration of killing (MDK) with a variety of contact time (0 – 240 minutes). From the result is showed that pyroligneous extract reached 100% of reduction effects with different MDK: E.coli (8739) at 2 minutes, P.vulgaris (33420) at 4 minutes, K.pneumoniae (13883) at 2 minutes, C.albicans (10231) at 2 minutes and E. faecalis (19433) at 240 minutes. For bioprocess kinetics analysis, the highest specific reduction rate and halve rate according to contact time: E.coli at 2 minutes (3.5450, 5.1144), P.vulgaris at 2 minutes (3.7192, 5.3657), K.pneumoniae at 2 minutes (3.5015, 5.0516), C.albicans at 2 minutes (3.4947. 5.0417) and E.faecalis at 4 minutes (3.8005, 5.4829). The results of this research provide convincing evidence to pyroligneous extract as an antimicrobial agent.
An Efficient Modeling Method for the Simulation of Ball Bearing Dynamics
Authors: Chen Shi , He Ke , Cai Xiaojiang , Zhang Zhinan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Efficiency and accuracy play an important role in numerical simulation for ball bearings dynamics. In this work, three kinds of contact models are developed in vector form to represent the interactions in ball/raceway, ball/cage, and cage/raceway. Considering the fluctuation induced by friction and divergence by damping force in ball bearings, the dynamic computational methods based on the modifications in the formulation of friction and acceleration are proposed. Then the simplified ball bearing system is simulated by fixed and variable step integration methods. The comparison of results from both solutions and applied step size has indicated the validity and higher efficiency of the proposed methods. Furthermore, a full dynamics simulation of a 100 angular-contact ball bearing is conducted. Results show that the proposed models and methods have satisfactory stability and accuracy under a considerably long simulation time step.
Maternal knowledge, attitudes and practices related to neonatal jaundice and associated factors in Shenzhen, China: a facility-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Huang Ying , Chen Ling , Wang Xiaojiao , Zhao Chun , Guo Zonglian , Li Jue , Yang Fang , Cai Wenzhi 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices related to neonatal jaundice among mothers in Shenzhen, China, and analyse associated factors.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingThis study was conducted in Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, a university-affiliated, tertiary level A, public hospital in China. On average, 4000 mothers are discharged from this hospital after childbirth each year, most of whom can access a mobile phone and the internet.ParticipantsParticipants were 403 mothers discharged from the study hospital within 48–72 hours after vaginal delivery or 96–120 hours after caesarean delivery between April and June 2021. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling.Primary outcomeMothers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices related to neonatal jaundice, modelled using binary logistic regression.Secondary outcomesFactors associated with mothers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices related to neonatal jaundice.ResultsThe questionnaire was reliable (Cronbach’s alpha=0.802) and valid (scale-level content validity index=0.958). The valid response rate was 96.4%. Only 46.4% of participating mothers had good knowledge about neonatal jaundice and 41.7% indicated they would seek information about neonatal jaundice. A binary logistic regression analysis showed good knowledge about jaundice was associated with a high education level (ie, master’s degree or above; OR=5.977, 95% CI: 1.994 to 17.916, p=0.001), prior education on neonatal jaundice (OR=3.617, 95% CI: 1.637 to 7.993, p=0.001) and male babies (OR=1.714, 95% CI: 1.122 to 2.617, p=0.013). A positive attitude toward jaundice was associated with being cared for by a ‘yuesao’ (maternity matron specialised in caring for mothers and newborns) (OR=1.969, 95% CI: 1.264 to 3.066, p=0.003) and good knowledge about jaundice (OR=1.804, 95% CI: 1.194 to 2.726, p=0.005). Finally, good practices related to neonatal jaundice were associated with prior education on neonatal jaundice (OR=2.260, 95% CI: 1.105 to 4.625, p=0.026) and good knowledge about jaundice (OR=3.112, 95% CI: 2.040 to 4.749, p<0.001).ConclusionMany mothers have poor knowledge about jaundice, especially regarding causes, danger signs and breast milk jaundice. Maternal information-seeking behaviour about neonatal jaundice needs to be improved. Medical staff should incorporate information about the causes/danger signs of jaundice and breast milk jaundice in maternal health education. It is also necessary to strengthen health education for mothers, especially those with low education and no yuesao, and provide reliable websites where mothers can obtain information about neonatal jaundice.
Developing an integrated national simulation-based educational programme for Scottish junior doctors through structured, multistep action research cycles
Authors: Harrison Neil Malcolm , Dennis Ashley 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesSimulation is widely employed to teach a range of skills, across healthcare professions and is most effective when embedded within a standarised curriculum. Although recommended by many governing bodies, establishing a national programme of simulation presents many challenges. Successful implementation requires a clear understanding of the priorities and needs of those it seeks to serve yet there are limited examples of how best to do this. This study aimed to develop an integrated national simulation-based educational programme for junior doctors in Scotland through a structed, multistep prioritisation process.DesignA series of action research cycles were undertaken to develop and evaluate a national simulation programme. This paper describes cycle 1, which employed a six-step structured approach to understand and prioritise learner needs.SettingThe study considered the educational needs of Scottish junior doctors in the UK Foundation Programme (UKFP).ParticipantsMultiple stakeholder groups were involved in each stage of the process including recent Scottish UKFP graduates, clinical educators, UKFP programme directors and postgraduate deans.ResultsKey stakeholders reviewed the 370 competencies in the UKFP curriculum and identified 18 initial competency areas. These 18 areas were subsequently prioritised through the analytical hierarchy process, resulting in a carefully ordered list of 12 competencies from which a targeted simulation-based educational programme could be developed.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first study to outline the methods of competency prioritisation to create a simulation curriculum that is integrated within a national curriculum in the medical education context. As well as demonstrating the practical steps of such a process, key implications for practice are identified. This robust approach to educational design also resulted in unexpected benefits, including educator and clinician acceptance and programme funding sustainability.
Experienced stigma and applied coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Peters Lynn , Burkert Sanne , Brenner Cecilia , Grüner Beate 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveHealth-related stigma is considered a social determinant of health equity and a hidden burden of disease. This study aimed to assess the level and dimensions of stigma and respective coping mechanisms in COVID-19 survivors.MethodsA mixed-methods study with sequential explanatory design was conducted at the University Hospital of Ulm, Germany. Stigma was assessed using the Social Impact Scale (SIS) including adult COVID-19 survivors with mild-to-severe disease. Subsequently, 14 participants were sampled with regard to gender, age and severity of disease for in-depth interviews to understand how stigma was experienced and coping strategies were applied. The questionnaire was analysed using descriptive statistics, t-test and analysis of variance. Content analysis was used for qualitative data.ResultsFrom 61 participants, 58% were men and mean age was 51 years. The quantitative analysis of the SIS indicated an intermediate level of experienced stigma. Participants experienced stigma mainly as ‘social rejection’ (M=14.22, SD=4.91), followed by ‘social isolation’ (M=10.17, SD=4.16) and ‘internalised shame’ (M=8.39, SD=3.32). There was no significant difference in experienced stigma regarding gender, education, occupational status or residual symptoms. However, participants between 30 and 39 years of age experienced higher levels of stigma than other age groups (p=0.034). The qualitative analysis revealed how stigma seemed to arise from misconceptions creating irrational fear of infection, leading to stereotyping, vilification, discrimination and social exclusion of COVID-19 survivors, leaving them feeling vulnerable. Stigma cut through all social levels, from the individual level at the bottom to the institutional and societal level at the top. Social networks protected from experiencing stigma.ConclusionCOVID-19-related stigma is a relevant burden in the ongoing pandemic. Providing accurate information and exposing misinformation on disease prevention and treatment seems key to end COVID-19-related stigma.
COVID-19 postacute care major organ damage: a systematic review
Authors: Greer Nancy , Bart Bradley , Billington Charles J , Diem Susan J , Ensrud Kristine E , Kaka Anjum , Klein Mark , Melzer Anne C , Reule Scott , Shaukat Aasma , Sheets Kerry , Starks Jamie , Vardeny Orly , McKenzie Lauren , Stroebel Benjamin , Macdonald Roderick , Sowerby Katie , Duan-Porter Wei , Wilt Timothy J 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundMajor organ complications have been reported in patients hospitalised for COVID-19; most studies lacked controls.ObjectiveExamine major organ damage postdischarge among adults hospitalised for COVID-19 versus non-COVID-19 controls.Data sourcesMEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Library from 1 January 2020 to 19 May 2021.Study eligibility criteriaEnglish language studies of adults discharged from hospital for COVID-19; reporting major organ damage. Single review of abstracts; independent dual review of full text.Study appraisal and synthesis methodsStudy quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Appraisal Checklist for Cohort Studies. Outcome data were not pooled due to heterogeneity in populations, study designs and outcome assessment methods; findings are narratively synthesised.ResultsOf 124 studies in a full evidence report, 9 included non-COVID controls and are described here. Four of the nine (three USA, one UK) used large administrative databases. Four of the remaining five studies enrolled <600 COVID-19 patients. Mean or median age ranged from 49 to 70 years with 46%–94% male and 48%–78% White race; 10%–40% had been in intensive care units. Follow-up ranged from 4 weeks to 22 weeks postdischarge. Four used hospitalised controls, three non-hospitalised controls and two were unclear. Studies used various definitions of, and methods to assess, major organ damage outcomes. While the magnitude of effect differed across studies, incident cardiac, pulmonary, liver, acute and chronic kidney, stroke, diabetes, and coagulation disorders were consistently greater in adults hospitalised for COVID-19 compared with non-COVID-19 controls.LimitationsApplicability to subgroups (age, gender, COVID-19 severity, treatment, vaccination status) and non-hospitalised patients is unknown.Conclusions and implications of key findingsPostacute COVID-19 major organ damage is common and likely higher than controls. However, there is substantial uncertainty. More consistent reporting of clinical outcomes and pre-COVID health status along with careful selection of control groups are needed to address evidence gaps.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020204788.
Troponin and short-term mortality in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 infection: a retrospective study in an inner-city London hospital
Authors: Shyam-Sundar Vijay , Stein Dan Fredman , Spazzapan Martina , Sullivan Andrew , Qin Cathy , Voon Victor 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between troponin positivity in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 and increased mortality in the short term.SettingHomerton University Hospital, an inner-city district general hospital in East London.DesignA single-centre retrospective observational study.ParticipantsAll adults admitted with swab-proven RT-PCR COVID-19 to Homerton University Hospital from 4 February 2020 to 30 April 2020 (n=402).Outcome measuresWe analysed demographic and biochemical data collected from the patient record according to the primary outcome of death at 28 days during hospital admission.MethodsTroponin positivity was defined above the upper limit of normal according to our local laboratory assay (>15.5 ng/L for females, >34 ng/L for males). Univariate and multivariate logistical regression analyses were performed to evaluate the link between troponin positivity and death.ResultsMean age was 65.3 years for men compared with 63.8 years for women. A χ2 test showed survival of patients with COVID-19 was significantly higher in those with a negative troponin (p=3.23×10−10) compared with those with a positive troponin. In the multivariate logistical regression, lung disease, age, troponin positivity and continuous positive airway pressure were all significantly associated with death, with an area under the curve of 0.889, sensitivity of 0.886 and specificity of 0.629 for the model. Within this model, troponin positivity was independently associated with short-term mortality (OR 2.97, 95% CI 1.34 to 6.61, p=0.008).ConclusionsWe demonstrated an independent association between troponin positivity and increased short-term mortality in COVID-19 in a London district general hospital.
Research priorities in pernicious anaemia: James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership
Authors: Staley Kristina , Ahmadi Kourosh R , Carter Karyl , Cowan Katherine , Seage Heidi , Visser Petra , Ward Nicola , Hooper Martyn 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesTo form a James Lind Alliance (JLA) Priority Setting Partnership (PSP) to determine research priorities related to the cause, diagnosis, treatment and management of pernicious anaemia (PA) from the perspectives of patients, carers and clinicians.DesignThe PSP conducted two surveys and a workshop to identify the Top 10 questions for research. A first survey identified questions relating to the cause, diagnosis, treatment and management of PA. A literature search checked whether any of these questions had already been answered. A second survey asked respondents to identify and rank their top 10 questions from the list of questions from the first survey. An online workshop used an adapted nominal group technique to agree a final Top 10.ResultsIn the first survey, 933 people submitted 3480 responses that were categorised and summarised to generate a long list of 40 questions. None had been answered by previous research. The combined rankings from the 1068 patients, carers and clinicians who took part in the second survey identified a short list of 16 questions. These were discussed at the final workshop to agree the final Top 10. The number one question was about an accurate and reliable diagnostic test for PA. The other nine questions were about making treatment safe and effective, understanding why people with PA vary in their need for treatment, links to other conditions, and how to encourage clinicians to take PA seriously and provide long-term care.ConclusionsThis JLA PSP enabled patients, carers and clinicians to work together to agree the Top 10 uncertainties relating to the cause, diagnosis, management and treatment of PA. Addressing any of these questions will greatly benefit the end-users of research, the people whose daily lives and decisions will be directly affected by generating high quality research evidence.