bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors of transport gap bending deformity in the treatment of critical bone defects after bone transport
Authors: Abula Abulaiti , Cheng Erlin , Abulaiti Alimujiang , Liu Kai , Liu Yanshi , Ren Peng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of bone transport using unilateral external fixator in the treatment of lower limb bone defects caused by infection, and investigate the risk factors of transport gap bending deformity (TGBD) after removal of external fixator.Methods: From January 2008 to December 2019, 178 patients with bone defects of the lower extremity caused by infection were treated by bone transport using unilateral external fixator in our medical institution. The Association for the Study and Application of the Method of Ilizarov (ASAMI) standard was applied to assess the bone and functional outcomes. After the data were significant by the T-test or Pearson’s Chi-square test analyzed, odds ratios were calculated using logistic regression tests to describe factors associated with the diagnosis of TGBD.Results: A total of 178 patients met the inclusion criteria were successfully treated by bone transport using unilateral external fixator, with a mean size of 6.2 centimeters (3.4 - 9.1 cm). TGBD was observed in 22 patients (12.3%) after removal of the external fixator, including 32 tibias and 10 femurs, with a mean follow-up time of 28.6 months (22 - 47 months). Age>45years, BMI>25kg/m2, defect of the tibia, diabetes, osteoporosis, glucocorticoid intake, duration of bone infection>24months, EFT>9months, EFI>1.8months/cm were significantly associated with the occurrence of TGBD in the binary logistic regression analysis. The independent risk factors associated with TGBD included age>45 years, BMI>25 kg/m2, defect of tibia, diabetes, and osteoporosis. Conclusions: The bone transport using the unilateral external fixator was a safe and practical method in the treatment of lower limb bone defects caused by infection. The top five risk factors of TGBD included defect of tibia, BMI>25kg/m2, duration of bone infection>24 months, age>45years, and diabetes. Age>45years, BMI>25kg/m2, defect of tibia, osteoporosis, and diabetes were the independent risk factors. The higher incidence of TGBD may be associated with more risk factors.
Early apple bruise recognition based on near-infrared imaging and grayscale gradient images
Authors: Yang Zengrong , Yuan Yuhui , Zheng Jianhua , Wang Huaibin , Li Junhui , Zhao Longlian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Early apple bruises, especially those occurring within half an hour, usually have no external symptoms and are difficult to find. In this study, a fast and nondestructive detection method for early bruises based on a near-infrared camera and image recognition was developed. A total of thirty apple samples were photographed on both sides of each apple. Grayscale images of the apples were captured using a near-infrared camera with a wavelength region between 900 and 2350 nm. Images of apples (n = 62) without bruises were collected. The same apples were artificially damaged and photographed by the near-infrared camera immediately. The apples were photographed again at 30–35 min after bruising, and a total of 186 grayscale images were collected. As the glossiness of apples limits the accuracy in the detection of defects, a compound method was proposed consisting of nonlinear grayscale transformation and frequency-domain image filtering techniques, followed by the first derivative to obtain the gradient grayscale image. Since bruises had distinct edges, bruise edge pixels were detected instead of sound bruise pixels. The compound method obtained a 97.62% classification accuracy for nonbruised apples and apples with fresh bruises. The experimental results show that it is feasible to identify early bruises in apples based on near-infrared camera imaging and gradient grayscale images. The method can also provide a reference for the in-situ nondestructive early bruise detection of apples and other fruits.
Large scale phenotypic characterisation of Hierophis viridiflavus (Squamata: Serpentes) suggests genetic admixture between closely related lineages
Authors: Storniolo Federico , Mangiacotti Marco , Zuffi Marco A.L. , Scali Stefano , Sacchi Roberto 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Colour variability is largely widespread in the animal world as it is tightly associated with fitness and survivorship. Therefore, the drivers and implications of such variability have been of great interest for zoologists in the past decades. Reptiles are excellent models to investigate colour variations and expression under different conditions. Here, we focused on melanism occurrence in the two main lineages of Hierophis viridiflavus at the species areal scale,by extracting available data from iNaturalist, a citizen science network, with the aim to detecting any pure effect of climate or local habitat on colour expression. Our analyses highlighted that habitat does not explain differences in phenotypes, whereas marked effects of geographic and climatic variables were detected. However, the observed climatic effects could be a proxy of the geographical distribution of the two groups, and thus the high occurrence of bright colourations in western populations of the eastern lineage could be addressed to an ongoing event of asymmetric gene flow in contact zones. The current distribution of phenotypes could be the outcome of the evolutionary history of the species combined with the geological history of the Mediterranean region. This investigation, though, is only preliminary and molecular analyses on highly variable regions of the genome are mandatory to address this issue.
Retrospective study on the efficacy of monocyte distribution width (MDW) as a screening test for COVID-19
Authors: Wakamatsu Kentaro , Nagasawa Zenzo , Katsuki Kouta , Kumazoe Hiroyuki , Yasuda Masayo , Kawamoto Sae , Kawamura Ayano , Ueno Tsuyoshi , Kiyotani Ruriko , Fukui Izumi , Maki Sanae , Nagata Nobuhiko , Kawasaki Masayuki , Yamada Hozumi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Pathogenic genetic testing for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can detect viruses with high sensitivity, however there are several challenges. In the prevention, testing, and treatment of COVID-19, more effective, safer, and convenient methods are desired. We evaluated the possibility of monocyte distribution width (MDW) as an infection biomarker in COVID-19 testing.Methods: The efficacy of MDW as a screening test for COVID-19 was retrospectively assessed in 80 patients in the COVID-19 group and 232 patients in the Non-COVID-19 group (141 patients with acute respiratory infection, 19 patients with non-respiratory infection, 1 patient with viral infection, 11 patients who had received treatment for COVID-19, 1 patient in contact with COVID-19 patients, and 59 patients with non-infectious disease). Results: The median MDW in 80 patients in the COVID-19 group was 23.3 (17.2-33.6), and the median MDW in 232 patients in the Non-COVID-19 group was 19.0 (13.6-30.2) (P < 0.001). When the COVID-19 group was identified using the MDW cut-off value of 21.3 from the Non-COVID-19 group, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.844, and the sensitivity and specificity were 81.3% and 78.2%, respectively. Comparison of MDW by severity between the COVID-19 group and patients with acute respiratory infection in the Non-COVID-19 group showed that MDW was significantly higher in the COVID-19 group for all of mild, moderate I, and moderate II disease. Conclusions: MDW (cut-off value: 21.3) may be used as a screening test for COVID-19 in fever outpatients, etc.
Development and Evaluation of Real Time PCR for Detection and Identification of C. jejuni and C. coli from Human Food
Authors: Baaboua Aicha El , Maadoudi Mohamed El , Belmehdi Omar , Kounnoun Ayoub , Bouyahya Abdelhakim , Abrini Jamal 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The current study aimed to develop, optimize, and evaluate the real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) specificity and sensitivity on pure isolated strains of Campylobacter and on enriched broth for direct detection of these cells. To achieve this, HipO and CadF gene were purchased to target C. jejuni and C. coli, respectively. Using chessboard titration method, three critical reagents concentration of qPCR were optimized and described. After that, 130 of collected isolates from food samples were confirmed by the developed protocols. Lastly, 27 enriched broths culture-positive for Campylobacter spp. were subjected to direct qPCR. The earlier results indicated that the diluted DNA templates improved the amplification plot intensity (∆Rn ˃ 225.000) and the amendment of the amount of specific primers, probes, as well as the concentration of MgCl2 on the amplification curves affected positively the fluorescence signal for both C. jejuni and C. coli established protocols. The confirmation of 130 of C. jejuni and C. coli isolated from broiler chickens, turkeys, cattle, and handling surface swabs by qPCR optimized protocols demonstrated similar outcomes as phenotypic tests. From 27 broiler chickens’ samples, C. coli were the most isolated strain from culture method, biochemically confirmed, compared to C. jejuni. In contrast, the application of qPCR directly on enriched broth revealed higher percentage (74.07%) of co-existence of C. coli and C. jejuni from the same analyzed samples. The present study developed and validated reliable, rapid, robust, and specific qPCR method for screening, quantifying, and confirming Campylobacter in food safety monitoring.
Diligence Eagle Optimization Protocol for Secure Routing (DEOPSR) in Cloud-Based Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Jaganathan Ramkumar , Ramasamy Vadivel , Mani Lingaraj , Balakrishnan Narasimhan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are essential for various applications that collect and analyze data from the physical environment. Cloud computing particularly provides a benchmarks method for distributed resource sharing. The concept of “Sensor Clouds” has emerged due to extending the paradigm of cloud computing to include sharing the sensed data through WSN. Data collected by these many sensor-based applications is enormous. Routing is significant in cloud-based WSN (CWSN). Poor routing protocol affects the performance of CWSN severely. In this paper, Diligence Eagle Optimization Protocol for Secure Routing (DEOPSR) is proposed for CWSN. DEOPSR is inspired from natural foraging characteristics of eagle. DEOPSR hold two different types of searching to send data to destination which are local search and global search. Parameter adaption schemes present in DEOPSR assist in selecting the best route and avoiding the selfish nodes in routing. In NS3, the performance of DEOPSR was examined using performance measures prevalently used in computer networks. DEOPSR outperforms the present routing protocols, according to the data.
Auricular surface morphology and surface area does not influence subchondral bone density distribution in the dysfunctional sacroiliac joint
Authors: Poilliot Amélie , Hammer Niels , Toranelli Mireille , Gay Max Hans-Peter , Müller-Gerbl Magdalena 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: The subchondral lamella of the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) auricular surface is morphologically inconsistent, varying inter-individually and side-dependently. These variations have been well documented, however, the morpho-mechanical relationship to sacroiliac joint dysfunction (SIJD) remains unstudied to date. Here, the bone mineralisation density of the iliac and sacral auricular surface subchondral endplate is compared between morphological subtypes, as well as in large and small surfaces, in a cohort comprising SIJD joints and controls.Methods: Computed tomography (CT) datasets from 29 patients with bilateral or unilateral SIJD were subjected to CT osteoabsorptiometry. Sacral and iliac surface areas and posterior angles were calculated and surfaces were classified into small (<15 cm3) and large (≥15 cm3) joints and morphological types 1 (>160°), 2 (130-160°) and 3 (<130°), respectively. Mineralisation patterns were classified into four patterns, two marginal (M1 and M2) and two non-marginal (N1 and N2). Each sacral and iliac surface was subsequently classified into one of these mineralisation groups. Results: The surface area of all joints in the cohort averaged 15.0±2.4 cm2 (males 16.2±2.5 cm2, females 13.7±1.6 cm2). No age correlations with surface area were found nor differences in mean HU values when comparing sizes, sexes or morphology type when looking at painful joints (unilateral or bilateral) and contralateral non-painful joints. Comparisons of controls with the SIJD cohort revealed significant differences in female sacra (p=0.02) and small sacra (p=0.03). There was low conformity in marginal and non-marginal patterns, 26% for contralateral non-painful joints, and 46% conformity in painful joints. The majority of dysfunctional joints was of type 2 morphology (59%), equally distributed between small (49%) and large joints (51%). Larger joints had the highest frequency of painful joints (72%). Regarding the prominence of sub-patterns, M1C was more prominent in painful joints. Conclusions: Load distribution related to difference in auricular surface morphology seems to have little impact on pain-related subchondral bone adaptation in cases of SIJD. Larger joints may be predisposed to the onset of pain due to the weakening of the extracapsular structures. Pain-affected joints reflect common conformity patterns of sacral apex mineralisation with corresponding superior corner iliac mineralisation.
APX-115A, a pan-NADPH oxidase inhibitor, reduces dry eye symptoms in STZ- induced diabetic rat
Authors: Noh Min Hye , Lee Dong Kun , Kim Yeong Seok , Moon Sung Hwan , Han Sang Youb , Hur Dae Young 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Dye eye syndrome (DE) was common ocular disorders of diabetic patients. Recently, it is reported that APX-115A, pan-NADPH oxidase inhibitor, has an effect on EBV-infected retina epithelial cells, but the effects in DE remains poorly understood. Therefore, it was investigated whether APX-115A has an effect on diabetic rat models with dry eye in this study. Methods: Diabetic rat models was established in male Sprague Dawley rats by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin, and then we treated eyeballs of diabetic rats with eye drop solution contained APX-115A or control solution. Tear secretion was measured with phenol red thread tear test. Morphology of eyeball and lacrimal gland tissues was stained with H&E. In addition, the localization of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) and NADPH oxidase 4 in the eyeball and lacrimal gland tissues were detected for immunohistochemistry.Results: APX-115A treatment was no effect on body weight, blood glucose level, and sizes of the lacrimal glands. However, morphological changes (intracellular vacuole and acinar atrophy) were found in lacrimal glands of diabetic rat and APX-115A treatment restore these changes. In immunohistochemistry, NOX2 expression level was decreased in diabetic rat lacrimal gland, but APX-115A treatment did not restore the decrease. Corneas of eyeball in diabetic rats with APX-115A were observed that the thickness was not increased and NOX2 expression level were decreased compared to diabetic rats.Conclusion APX-115A improved the tear secretion and demonstrated positive effects from histological changes. These findings suggest that APX-115A indicate a potential therapeutic role for DE.
Adherence to 14-day radical cure for P. vivax malaria in Papua, Indonesia: a mixed- methods study
Authors: Rahmalia Annisa , Poespoprodjo Jeanne Rini , Landuwulang Chandra UR , Ronse Maya , Kenangalem Enny , Burdam Faustina H , Thriemer Kamala , Devine Angela , Price Ric N , Grietens Koen Peeters , Ley Benedikt , Gryseels Charlotte 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background. Reducing the risk of recurrent P. vivax malaria is critical for malaria control and elimination. Primaquine (PQ) is the only widely available drug against P. vivax dormant liver stages, but is recommended as a 14-day regimen, which can undermine adherence to a complete course of treatment. Methods. This is a mixed-methods study to assess socio-cultural factors influencing adherence to a 14-day PQ regimen in a 3-arm, treatment effectiveness trial in Papua, Indonesia. The qualitative strand, consisting of interviews and participant observation was triangulated with a quantitative strand in which trial participants were surveyed using a questionnaire. Results. Trial participants differentiated between two types of malaria: tersiana and tropika, equivalent to P. vivax and P. falciparum infection, respectively. The perceived severity of both types was similar with 44.0% (267/607) perceiving tersiana vs. 45.1% (274/607) perceiving tropika as more severe. There was no perceived differentiation whether malaria episodes were due to a new infection or relapse; and 71.3% (433/607) of survey respondents acknowledged the possibility of recurrence. Participants were familiar with malaria symptoms and delaying health facility visit by 1-2 days was perceived to increase the likelihood of a positive test. Prior to health facility visits, symptoms were treated with leftover drugs kept at home (40.4%; 245/607) or bought over the counter (17.0%; 103/607). Malaria was considered to be cured with ‘blue drugs’ (referring to dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine). Conversely, ‘brown drugs,’ referring to PQ, were not considered malaria medication and instead were perceived as supplements. Adherence to malaria treatment was 71.2% (131/184), in the supervised arm, 56.9% (91/160) in the unsupervised arm and 62.4% (164/263) in the control arm; p = 0.019. Adherence was 47.5% (47/99) among highland Papuans, 51.7% (76/147) among lowland Papuans, and 72.9% (263/361) among non-Papuans; p < 0.001. Conclusion. Adherence to malaria treatment was a socio-culturally embedded process during which patients (re-)evaluated the characteristics of the medicines in relation to the course of the illness, their past experiences with illness, and the perceived benefits of the treatment. Socio-cultural logics and practical challenges that underlie adherence are crucial to consider in the development and rollout of effective malaria treatment policies.
DRASTIC model developed with lineament density to map groundwater susceptibility: a case study in part of Coimbatore district, Tamilnadu, India
Authors: Subramanian Krishnakumar , Sreevi V , Venkatasubramani R , Sivakumar Vivek 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Due to rapid and often unplanned urbanisation, industrial, and agricultural growth, groundwater has never been relied on as much as it has been in parts of Coimbatore in the last two decades. This paper aims to provide local and regional planning authorities with a succinct groundwater vulnerability assessment of the part of Coimbatore region in order to guarantee more maintainable growth in the area. The Part of Coimbatore region, which covers Pollachi, Sulur and Coimbatore south in eastern part of Tamilnadu, is the study's focal point. The conventional DRASTIC model is used to map the initial groundwater vulnerability assessment. It is then altered by adding "lineament density index" to the original seven DRASTIC features, due to the previously established high correlation between groundwater flow and yield and lineament. The final drastic index map was classed into five categories: very low, low, medium, high, and very high vulnerability, with each covering an area of 840.26, 732.58, 583.46, 183.17, and 167.13 km2. The modified drastic index defined the same five groups, with 965.35, 880.14, 399.21, 158.29, and 103.54 km2 of land covered in each. Alanthurai, Thodamuthur, Pichanur, and Pollachi are among the most susceptible places in the state. This groundwater vulnerability map will be used to aid in groundwater pollution management and planning.
A Gender Approach to Time and Food Security: A Case Study of Egypt
Authors: Khorazaty Noha El , Zaky Hassan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Women’s subsistence contribution to household food security is undeniable. However, due to dominance of capital bias in most labour economies, rural women in particular lack agency to improve capacities and access to the resources and opportunities they need to be more productive. This knowledge gap is the subject of many studies in sustainable agriculture development and gender equity. Although the general consensus necessitates policy interventions targeting the gender gap in agriculture resources, within the Egyptian national context, not enough research has been dedicated to quantifying the importance of women subsistence agricultural labour. This article seeks to statistically analyse women’s roles in subsistence agriculture, estimated by a national time-use survey conducted in 2018. The goal is to highlight their capacity to contribute to the food and nutrition security in Egypt and qualify real impact of rural females’ subsistence agriculture labour on rural household food security verses that of rural males. This will contribute to the debate that investigating in rural females in agriculture promotes rural community sustainability and highlight their capacity for agricultural production.
Prognostic factors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia with TCF3-PBX1 in CCCG-ALL-2015: a multi-center study
Authors: Zhang Honghong , Wan Yang , Wang Hongsheng , Cai Jiaoyang , Yu Jie , Hu Shaoyan , Fang Yongjun , Gao Ju , Jiang Hua , Yang Minghua , Liang Changda , Jin Runming , Tian Xin , Ju Xiuli , Hu Qun , Jiang Hui , Li Zhifan , Wang Ningling , Sun Lirong , Leung Alex , Wu Xuedong , Qian Xiaowen , Qian Maoxiang , Li Chi , Yang Jun , Tang Jingyan , Zhu Xiaofan , Shen Shuhong , Zhang Li , Pui Ching-Hon , Zhai Xiaowen 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
To identify prognostic factors that can be used to further improve outcome, we studied 384 patients with this genotype treated on Chinese Children’s Cancer Group acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) -2015 protocol between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2019. All patients provisionally received intensified chemotherapy in the intermediate-risk. The overall 5-year event-free survival (EFS) was 84.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 80.6-88.3). Independent factors associated with lower 5-year EFS were male sex (80.4%, [95% CI, 74.8-86.4] vs. 88.9%, [95% CI, 84.1-93.9] in female, p = 0.033) and positive Day 46 minimal residual disease (MRD) (≥ 0.01%) (62.1%, [95% CI, 44.2-87.4] vs. 87.1%, [95% CI, 83.4-90.9] in patients with negative MRD, p < 0.001). The presence of testicular leukemia at diagnosis (n=10) was associated with particularly poorer 5-year EFS (33.3% [95% CI, 11.6-96.1] vs. 83.0% [95% CI, 77.5-88.9] in the other 192 male patients, P < 0.001) and was an independent risk factor (HR, 5.7, [95% CI, 2.2-14.5], p < 0.001). These data suggest that the presence of positive MRD after intensive remission induction and testicular leukemia at diagnosis are indications for new molecular therapeutics or immunotherapy in patients with TCF3-PBX1 ALL.
A review of Knowledge graph link prediction using graph neural networks
Authors: Zamini Mohamad , Reza Hassan , Rabiei Minou 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Information extraction methods proved to be effective at triple extraction from structured or unstructured data. The organization of such triples in the form of (head entity, relation, tail entity) is called the construction of Knowledge Graphs (KGs). In order to use KGs in downstream tasks it is desirable to predict missing links in KGs. In this review we will study the current approaches and the challenges exists..