bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Splenic Artery Embolization and Splenectomy for Spontaneous Rupture of Splenic Hemangioma and Its Imaging Features
Authors: Lin Jia-Li , Lin Can , Wang Han-Lu , Wu Shao-Jie , Tang Yi , Yang Chang Shun , Luo Jie-Wei , Chi Wu , Fang Zhu-Ting 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundSpontaneous splenic rupture (SSR) is a rare, often life-threatening, acute abdominal injury that requires immediate diagnosis and early treatment. SSR is mainly treated surgically or conservatively. A few cases of interventional embolization for SSRs have been reported.Case PresentationA 30-year-old male patient complaining mainly of left upper abdominal pain underwent emergency abdominal computed tomography (CT) and showed enlargement of the spleen with a massive mixed-density shadow approximately 10.0 × 8.0 × 12.5 cm in size. The boundary was unclear and showed obvious progressive enhancement. Considering the intrasplenic tumor lesions with rupture and hemorrhage, the possibility of vascular tumors was high, with intraperitoneal blood and fluid accumulation. Digital subtraction angiography of the splenic arteriography and embolization of the ruptured splenic artery branches were performed. Postoperative hemoglobin progressively decreased, inflammatory indicators, such as white blood cell counts, procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were significantly increased, and 2 days after embolization, the patient developed severe hypoxemia, shock, pulmonary edema, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. CT re-examination 9 days after embolization showed reduced lesion absorption. After stabilization of the condition, splenectomy was performed, and postoperative platelet count increase, anticoagulant improvement, and discharge were observed. Postoperative pathological examination revealed extensive hemorrhage and necrosis, vascular tissue with abnormal hyperplasia in the surrounding area, vascular tissue in the bleeding area and outer wall (elastic fiber staining +), and local myofibroblast hyperplasia. Immunohistochemistry showed actin (SM +) and Ki67 (10% +).ConclusionSSR caused by splenic hemangioma is rare, and the choice between surgical treatment or splenic artery embolization remains dependent on the patient's hemodynamic stability and imaging findings.
Research on 3D Development Characteristics of Water-Conducting Fractured Zone Based on Field Measurement
Authors: Feng Dong , Hou Enke , Wang Shuangming , Xie Xiaoshen , Yuan Feng , Guo Liangliang , Wang Gang , Xie Yongli , Chen Zhen 
Published: June 2022

With the large-scale mining of coal resources in western China, coal resources are gradually shifting from shallow to deep mining. In coal seam mining, the overlying rock water-conducting fractured zone (WCFZ) is the main factor causing mine water damage and water resource damage. Accurately grasping the development height of the water-conducting fissure zone is the key to the prevention of water hazards and the protection of water resources in medium–deep coal seams. In this study, the 3D development form of the WCFZ in the middle and deep coal seam mining is studied by the integrated method of drilling and 3D seismic survey, taking the first mining face of Xiaobodang No.1 mine in Yushen such that the height of the WCFZ measured by drilling is 81.50–177.07 m. The height of WCFZ development in the 3D seismic survey was 79.83–178.03 m, and the morphology of the WCFZ was saddle-shaped. This study provides methodological guidance for predicting the 3D morphology and developmental characteristics of the WCFZ. The results obtained are of great significance for the safe, green, and efficient mining of coal seams in medium and deep buried ecologically fragile environments.
Late Pleistocene Slip Rates on an Active Normal Fault in the Northwestern Ordos Block, China
Authors: Liu Xingwang , Gao Zemin , Shao Yanxiu , Yao Yunsheng 
Published: June 2022

The slip rates of normal faults on the northern margin of the Ordos Block are critical for understanding the deformation of the Ordos Block and adjacent areas. In this study, we obtain the late Pleistocene slip rate of an active normal fault, the Zhuozishan West Piedmont Fault (ZWPF), in the northwestern corner of the Ordos Block. Satellite imagery interpretation and field investigations suggest that the fault displaces late Pleistocene alluvial fans and forms west-facing fault scarps. To quantify the vertical slip rate of the ZWPF, we measured the displacements along the fault scarps using differential GPS and an unmanned aerial vehicle system and dated the displaced geomorphic surfaces using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating methods. The vertical slip rate of the fault is constrained to 0.1 ± 0.02 mm/a, which suggests a horizontal extension rate of 0.05 mm/a for a dip of 65°. This rate is consistent with those on similar structures in the northwestern Ordos Block. Combining this result with published slip rates along other active faults, we infer that the NW-directed extension rate across the northwestern corner of the Ordos Block is ∼0.6–1.3 mm/a. This rate is comparable with the geodetic strain rate. Given the extension rate, we believe that extensional deformation is mainly concentrated on the western side of the basin.
Association of Diabetes Mellitus With Postoperative Complications and Mortality After Non-Cardiac Surgery: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Zhang Xiaoying , Hou Aisheng , Cao Jiangbei , Liu Yanhong , Lou Jingsheng , Li Hao , Ma Yulong , Song Yuxiang , Mi Weidong , Liu Jing 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundAlthough a variety of data showing that diabetes mellitus (DM) (Type 1 or Type 2) is associated with postoperative complication, there is still a lack of detailed studies that go through the specific diabetic subgroups. The goal of this meta-analysis is to assess the relationship between DM and various complications after non-cardiac surgery.MethodsWe searched articles published in three mainstream electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of science) before November, 2020. A random effects model was conducted since heterogeneity always exist when comparing results between different types of surgery.ResultsThis paper included 125 studies with a total sample size of 3,208,776 participants. DM was a risk factor for any postoperative complication (Odds ratio (OR)=1.653 [1.487, 1.839]). The risk of insulin-dependent DM (OR=1.895 [1.331, 2.698]) was higher than that of non-insulin-dependent DM (OR=1.554 [1.061, 2.277]) for any postoperative complication. DM had a higher risk of infections (OR=1.537 [1.322, 1.787]), wound healing disorders (OR=2.010 [1.326, 3.046]), hematoma (OR=1.369 [1.120, 1.673]), renal insufficiency (OR=1.987 [1.311, 3.013]), myocardial infarction (OR=1.372 [0.574, 3.278]). Meanwhile, DM was a risk factor for postoperative reoperation (OR=1.568 [1.124, 2.188]), readmission (OR=1.404 [1.274, 1.548]) and death (OR=1.606 [1.178, 2.191]).ConclusionsDM is a risk factor for any postoperative complications, hospitalization and death after non-cardiac surgery. These findings underscore the importance of preoperative risk factor assessment of DM for the safe outcome of surgical patients.
Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine Mediates the Development and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Luo Liying , Sun Xi , Tang Min , Wu Jiahui , Qian Tianwei , Chen Shimei , Guan Zhiyuan , Jiang Yanyun , Fu Yang , Zheng Zhi 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundsDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most severe microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) has been found to play an important role in many diseases, but its role and mechanism in DR remain unknown.MethodsWe studied the role of SPARC and integrin β1 in vascular pathophysiology and identified potential therapeutic translation. The SPARC levels were tested in human serum and vitreous by ELISA assay, and then the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset was used to understand the key role of the target gene in DR. In human retinal capillary endothelial cells (HRCECs), we analyzed the mRNA and protein level by RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting. The cell apoptosis, cell viability, and angiogenesis were analyzed by flow cytometry, CCK-8, and tube formation.ResultsIn this study, we investigated the role of SPARC in the development and progression of human DR and high glucose-induced HRCEC cells and found that the SPARC-ITGB1 signaling pathway mimics early molecular and advanced neurovascular pathophysiology complications of DR. The result revealed that DR patients have a high-level SPARC expression in serum and vitreous. Knockdown of SPARC could decrease the expressions of inflammatory factors and VEGFR, inhibit cell apoptosis and angiogenesis, and increase cell viability by regulating integrin β1 in HRCECs.ConclusionSPARC promotes diabetic retinopathy via the regulation of integrin β1. The results of this study can provide a potential therapeutic application for the treatment of DR.
Potential Impact of Body Mass Index on the Clinical Outcome of Papillary Thyroid Cancer After High-Dose Radioactive Iodine Therapy
Authors: Cao Jingjia , Zhu Xiaolu , Sun Yaru , Li Xiao , Yun Canhua , Zhang Wei 
Published: June 2022

ContextObesity has been reported as a potential risk factor for the aggressiveness of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), but the data gathered so far are conflicting.ObjectiveThe aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and aggressiveness of PTC at the diagnosis and clinical outcome.MethodsA total of 337 patients who underwent radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy between March 2017 and May 2020 were recruited. Patients were divided into four groups: underweight (BMI&lt;18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (18.5-24.9 kg/m2), overweight (25-29.9 kg/m2), and obese (BMI≥ 30 kg/m2). Treatment and follow-up were defined according to criteria used in the 2015 ATA guidelines.ResultsThis study included 337 patients with PTC (71.5% women, median age 45.21 ± 13.04 years). The mean BMI was 24.2 ± 3.1 kg/m2. Obese groups had a higher age than the other groups (P = 0.001). Moreover, obese patients had larger tumor sizes and higher T stage, compared to overweight, normal weight, and underweight patients (P = 0.007). After a median follow-up of 32 months, 279 patients (82.7%) had achieved an excellent response (ER) to therapy. The overall ER rates were compared between groups, and they did not differ significantly.ConclusionsWe demonstrated that BMI may have an additive effect on the aggressiveness of PTC, but did not have an effect on the response to therapy after high-dose RAI therapy.
Comparison of Nonalbuminuric and Albuminuric Diabetic Kidney Disease Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Shi Shaomin , Ni Lihua , Gao Ling , Wu Xiaoyan 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundDiabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of most common complications of diabetes. Recently, the classical phenotype of DKD, which is characterized by albuminuria preceding renal insufficiency, has been challenged since a subset of diabetic patients with renal insufficiency but without albuminuria has been increasingly reported. However, the available evidence is inconsistent. Thus, the present systematic review will assess and summarize the available data regarding nonalbuminuric diabetic kidney disease (NADKD).MethodsPubMed, Embase, and Cochrane were searched for clinical trials related to NADKD. The results were limited to full-text articles published in English, without restrictions on the publication time. The quality of clinical trials was appraised, and the data were extracted. Meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model. Descriptive analysis was performed if the data were insufficient.ResultsA final total of 31 articles were included in this review. The meta-analysis of 18 studies showed that compared with albuminuric DKD, patients with NADKD were older (MD = 1.04 years old, 95% CI [0.52, 1.57], p &lt; 0.05); were more often women (Male RR = 0.74, 95% CI [0.68, 0.81], p &lt; 0.05); had shorter diabetes duration (MD = −2.9 years, 95% CI [−3.63, −2.18], p &lt; 0.05), lower HbA1c levels (MD = −0.34%, 95% CI [−0.42, −0.25], p &lt; 0.05), and lower blood pressure (systolic blood pressure MD = −6.21 mmHg, 95% CI [−9.41, −3.0], p &lt; 0.05; diastolic blood pressure MD = −1.27 mmHg, 95% CI [−2.15, 4.0], p &lt; 0.05); less frequently experienced diabetic retinopathy (RR = 0.58, 95% CI [0.51, 0.67], p &lt; 0.05); and less frequently used renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors. The underlying pathology of NADKD might be different from that of the classic phenotype of DKD, which is associated with more advanced tubulointerstitial and vascular lesions but mild typical glomerular lesions. The annual estimated glomerular filtration rate decline tended to be lower in patients with NADKD than in those with albuminuric DKD. The risk for cardiovascular disease, end-stage renal disease, and all-cause death was lower for patients with NADKD than patients with albuminuric DKD.ConclusionsThe prevalence of NADKD has increased in recent decades, and its characteristics, pathology, and prognosis are different from those of albuminuric DKD; thus, diagnosis and treatment strategies should be different. More attention should be given to this phenotype.
Effect of Glomerular Filtration Rate by Different Equations on Prediction Models for End-Stage Renal Disease in Diabetes
Authors: Lv Liangjing , Chen Xiangjun , Hu Jinbo , Wu Jinshan , Luo Wenjin , Shen Yan , Lan Rui , Li Xue , Wang Yue , Luo Ting , Yang Shumin , Li Qifu , Wang Zhihong 
Published: June 2022

Background and ObjectivesThe study aimed to evaluate the performance of a predictive model using the kidney failure risk equation (KFRE) for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in diabetes and to investigate the impact of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) as estimated by different equations on the performance of the KFRE model in diabetes.Design, Setting, Participants, and MeasurementsA total of 18,928 individuals with diabetes without ESRD history from the UK Biobank, a prospective cohort study initiated in 2006–2010, were included in this study. Modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD), chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration (CKD-EPI) or revised Lund–Malmö (r-LM) were used to estimate GFR in the KFRE model. Cox proportional risk regression was used to determine the correlation coefficients between each variable and ESRD risk in each model. Harrell’s C-index and net reclassification improvement (NRI) index were used to evaluate the differentiation of the models. Analysis was repeated in subgroups based on albuminuria and hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) levels.ResultsOverall, 132 of the 18,928 patients developed ESRD after a median follow-up of 12 years. The Harrell’s C-index based on GFR estimated by CKD-EPI, MDRD, and r-LM was 0.914 (95% CI = 0.8812–0.9459), 0.908 (95% CI = 0.8727–0.9423), and 0.917 (95% CI = 0.8837–0.9496), respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed that in diabetic patients with macroalbuminuria, the KFRE model based on GFR estimated by r-LM (KFRE-eGFRr-LM) had better differentiation compared to the KFRE model based on GFR estimated by CKD-EPI (KFRE-eGFRCKD-EPI) with a KFRE-eGFRr-LM C-index of 0.846 (95% CI = 0.797–0.894, p = 0.025), while the KFRE model based on GFR estimated by MDRD (KFRE-eGFRMDRD) showed no significant difference compared to the KFRE-eGFRCKD-EPI (KFRE-eGFRMDRD C-index of 0.837, 95% CI = 0.785–0.889, p = 0.765). Subgroup analysis of poor glycemic control (HbA1c &gt;8.5%) demonstrated the same trend. Compared to KFRE-eGFRCKD-EPI (C-index = 0.925, 95% CI = 0.874–0.976), KFRE-eGFRr-LM had a C-index of 0.935 (95% CI = 0.888–0.982, p = 0.071), and KFRE-eGFRMDRD had a C-index of 0.925 (95% CI = 0.874–0.976, p = 0.498).ConclusionsIn adults with diabetes, the r-LM equation performs better than the CKD-EPI and MDRD equations in the KFRE model for predicting ESRD, especially for those with macroalbuminuria and poor glycemic control (HbA1c &gt;8.5%).
Associations Between Body Composition, Leptin, and Vitamin D Varied by the Body Fat Percentage in Adolescents
Authors: Khwanchuea Rapheeporn , Punsawad Chuchard 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundSerum leptin levels reflects one’s degree of obesity and can affect vitamin D levels. The relationship between body fat, leptin, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) has not been extensively studied in adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the correlations between body composition and leptin and 25(OH)D levels in boys and girls.MethodsParticipants aged 12–14 years (n = 205) were grouped according to sex. After body composition was recorded using bioelectrical impedance analysis, they were classified into three groups according to body fat percentage (%BF) (&lt; 30, ≥ 30 and &lt; 40, and ≥ 40). Serum leptin and 25(OH)D levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Correlations between all variables were analyzed according to sex and the percentage of BF groups.ResultsBoys and girls with %BF ≥ 30 showed no difference in body mass index (BMI), %BF, and leptin and 25(OH)D, while other variables of body composition were more common in boys than in girls. The %BF, body fat mass (BFM), and 25(OH)D of both sexes with %BF ≥ 30, and leptin levels of boys with %BF ≥ 40 increased with an increase in %BF. A negative correlation between leptin and 25(OH)D levels was found in boys with %BF &lt; 40 and girls with %BF &lt; 30. In the %BF ≥ 30 and &lt; 40 groups, there were negative correlations between leptin, BFM, free fat mass, and muscle mass (MM); between leptin, 25(OH)D, and height in boys; and between 25(OH)D, body weight, BMI, and MM in girls.ConclusionA negative correlation between leptin and 25(OH)D levels varied according to sex, while for body composition, it was evident at 30 and 40% BF.
Link Between Aeration in the Rhizosphere and P-Acquisition Strategies: Constructing Efficient Vegetable Root Morphology
Authors: Wang Rui , Shi Weiming , Li Yilin 
Published: June 2022

Excessive application of phosphate fertilizer is common in vegetable fields and causes deterioration of the rhizosphere environment, that is, the soil oxygen (O2) environment, which further constrains root morphology construction and limits vegetable yield. Nevertheless, the interaction between root morphology and the response of the rhizosphere O2 environment to vegetable P utilization has rarely been reported. Therefore, we carried out an experiment applying different concentrations of O2 generator, 10%, 30%, 50%, and 80% urea hydrogen peroxide (as pure nitrogen) instead of urea as a top dressing in the rhizosphere, to study the effect on root morphology and P adsorption, and its mechanism. We found that there were O2-deficient and P-deficient zones in the rhizosphere, and oxygenation could alleviate the rhizosphere O2 and P consumption in roots. The rhizosphere O2 concentration was maintained at approximately 250.6 μmol L−1, which significantly promoted total root length, root volume, average diameter, and root activity by 29.0%, 30.9%, 3.9%, and 111.2%, respectively. Oxygenation promoted organic P mineralization and increased the Olsen-P content in the rhizosphere. The characteristics of root morphology and increased available P in the rhizosphere jointly contributed to high P absorption and utilization, and the P use efficiency was improved by 9.3% and the shoot P accumulation by 10.9% in the 30% urea hydrogen peroxide treatment compared with CK. Moreover, this treatment also improved yield and quality, including vitamin C and the soluble sugar content. However, at a still higher O2 concentration (260.8 μmol L−1), vegetable growth exhibited O2 damage, resulting in reduced yield and quality. Our study provided new insights into constructing efficient root morphology by regulating the rhizosphere O2 environment to improve vegetable yield and quality, as well as to increase P use efficiency in vegetable fields.
Single-Cell Sequencing Reveals that DBI is the Key Gene and Potential Therapeutic Target in Quiescent Bladder Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Yao Jiaxi , Liu Yue , Yang Jitao , Li Mengling , Li Simin , Zhang Bo , Yang Rui , Zhang Yuchong , Cui Xiaoyu , Feng ChunQing 
Published: June 2022

Background: Drug resistance and recurrence often develop during the treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). The existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in MIBC makes the formulation of effective treatment strategies extremely challenging. We aimed to use single-cell RNA sequencing approaches to identify CSCs and evaluate their molecular characteristics and to discover possible therapeutic measures.Methods: GEO data sets GSE130001 and GSE146137 were used to construct an expression matrix. After cells were identified by type, malignant epithelial cells inferred by InferCNV were extracted for stemness evaluation. The subset of cells with the highest stemness was subjected to weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and pseudotime analysis to identify key genes. In addition, we predicted drug sensitivity relationships for key genes in CTD and predicted the correlation between drugs and survival through siGDC.Results: We found that there were some CSCs in MIBC samples. The CSC population was heterogeneous during tumor development and was divided into quiescent and proliferating CSCs. We identified DBI as the key gene in quiescent CSCs. Analysis of a TCGA data set showed that higher DBI expression indicated higher histological grade. In addition, we predicted that acetaminophen can reduce DBI expression, thereby reducing the stemness of CSCs. Thus, we identified a potential new use of acetaminophen.Conclusion: We systematically explored CSCs in tumors and determined that DBI may be a key gene and potential therapeutic target in quiescent CSCs. In addition, we confirmed that acetaminophen may be a candidate drug targeting CSCs, improving our understanding of CSC-targeting therapeutic strategies.
High Salt Induces a Delayed Activation of Human Neutrophils
Authors: Mazzitelli Ignacio , Bleichmar Lucía , Melucci Claudia , Gerber Pehuén Pereyra , Toscanini Agustina , Cuestas María Luján , Diaz Fernando Erra , Geffner Jorge 
Published: June 2022

High salt (NaCl) concentrations are found in a number of tissues under physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we analyzed the effects induced by high salt on the function of human neutrophils. The culture of neutrophils in medium supplemented with high salt (50 mM NaCl) for short periods (30-120 min) inhibited the ability of conventional agonists to induce the production of IL-8 and the activation of respiratory burst. By contrast, exposure to high salt for longer periods (6-18 h) resulted in the activation of neutrophils revealed by the production of high levels of IL-8, the activation of the respiratory burst, and a marked synergistic effect on the production of TNF-α induced by LPS. Increasing osmolarity of the culture medium by the addition of sorbitol or mannitol (100 mM) was shown to be completely unable to stimulate neutrophil responses, suggesting that high sodium but not an increased osmolarity mediates the activation on neutrophils responses. A similar biphasic effect was observed when the function of monocytes was analyzed. Short term exposure to high salt suppressed IL-8 and TNF-α production induced by LPS while culture for longer periods triggered the production of IL-8 but not TNF-α in the absence of LPS stimulation. Contradictory results have been published regarding how high salt modulates neutrophil function. Our results suggest that the modulation of neutrophil function by high salt is strongly dependent on the exposure time.