bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STRATEGI LITERASI KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA DI PUSAT INFORMASI DAN KONSELING REMAJA MAN 1 YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Wijhati Ellyda Rizki , Pratiwi Maulita Listyan Eka , Nuzuliana Rosmita 
Published: June 2022

Background: Reproductive health literacy is one way that can help adolescents to get information about reproductive health which is contained by PIKR in schools. The youth information and counseling center (PIKR) is a forum for activities managed from, by and for young people to provide access to information, education, counseling and services about family life planning for adolescents and other supporting activities.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the reproductive health literacy strategy used by Youth Information And Counseling Center MAN 1 Yogyakarta in literating students.
Methods: This research method is a qualitative study conducted at MAN 1 Yogyakarta, the research informant is a BK teacher who has the duty as an advisor for PIKR and a member of PIKR in schools. Data collection techniques by interview and study documentation. The data in this study are processed inductively.
Results:
This research method is a qualitative study conducted at MAN 1 Yogyakarta, the research informant is a BK teacher who has the duty as an advisor for PIKR and a member of PIKR in schools. Data collection techniques by interview and study documentation. The data in this study are processed inductively. Conclusion: the most common source of reproductive health literacy referred by adolescents is internet.
PENGARUH TERAPI BERJEMUR TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH PADA RESPONDEN TERINDIKASI DIABETES MELITUS
Authors: Andini Ary , Kardina Rizki Nurmalya , Anita  
Published: June 2022

Background: Vitamin D deficiency could increase the risk of of cancer, autoimmune reaction, cardiovascular disorders, and diabetes mellitus. Objective: The aims of study is to determining effectivity of sunbathing therapy in the morning on blood glucose levels of respondents whose indicated diabetes mellitus type 2. Methods: The study was an quasy experimental study that used 20 respondents whose indicated diabetes mellitus type 2. Afterwards, respondents divided into two group such as control group with no therapy intervention and treatment group with intervention of sunbathing therapy in the morning. Blood glucose levels of each respondent was tested using point of care testing (POCT) on pre and post therapy. Member of treatment group did sunbathing therapy in the morning for 10 minutes in a week. Results: Based on this research showed that blood glucose levels on treatment group lower than control group. Treatment group obtained blood glucose levels from 316,1 ± 99,3 mg/dl decrease into 210,9 ± 81,9 mg/dl significantly (p <0,05) after therapy carried out. But, on control group obtained blood glucose levels from 299,1 ± 75,2 increase into 373,1 ± 68,1 mg/dl significantly (p <0,05). Conclusion: Sunbathing therapy in the morning for 10 minutes had effect to decrease blood glucose levels
Quo Vadis Thermal Spraying?
Authors: Fauchais P. , Vardelle A.M. , Dussoubs B. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper is devoted to thermal spraying and presents the state of our current knowledge, as well as the research or development needs are in; spraying heat sources i.e., flame, HVOF, D-Gun, plasma torches; particle heat and momentum transfer (measurements and modeling), process on-line control, powder morphologies and injection within the hot jet and reactions with environment; coating formation i.e., particle flattening and solidification, splat layering, residual stresses, coating microstructure and properties; reliability and reproducibility of coatings.
Plasma Spraying of Tin onto a Monocrystalline Lithium Fluoride Window
Authors: Beaulieu J-P , Borit F. , Guipont V. , Jeandin M. , Mabire C. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Monocrystalline lithium fluoride (LiF) windows are used in mineral physics research. Optical Pyrometric Measurements (OPM) during shock tests are done through LiF windows on which a few mm thick plates of tested materials are fixed. Current OPM requires the plates to be glued on the LiF windows. However, this glue is an undetermined source of error for OPM. This study deals with plasma spraying to deposit a tin coating directly on to the polished LiF windows as a substitute to the plate/glue/LiF system. Although seldom used for low melting point materials, plasma spraying was shown to be the appropriate technique for this original material couple and application especially for its flexibility. The study confirmed the feasibility of plasma spraying of tin on polished surfaces of LiF windows. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA), hydrostatic weigh measurements (HWM), optical and confocal microscopy were used to characterize the coating and substrate.
A Contribution to the Production and Characterization of HVOF Coatings for Application in the Petrochemical Field
Authors: Scrivani A. , Ianelli S. , Groppetti R. , Bertini S. , Lacorix O. , Rizzi G. , Casadei F. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The appropriate selection of bulk materials and coatings of valve components, is an important factor for the economic success of oil and gas production activities in petrochemical field. Materials and coatings are important because particle erosion and surface wear is associated to corrosion by hydrogen sulphide during oil and gas flow. The wear of high pressure valves of gas system will lead to pollution, safety problem and cost increases. The most popular solution of these problems is the deposition of hard material like tungsten carbide or chromium carbide by thermal spray. Particularly these coatings are deposed by HVOF (High Velocity Oxygen Fuel) to obtain a very high hardness with excellent cohesion and adhesion. Tungsten carbide cobalt-chromium based coating, chromium carbide nickel-chromium coating as well as Inconel 625 are adopted actually in the specifications of the industrial petrochemical companies and their behavior and wear, erosion and corrosion properties are reported in literature. This paper addresses the study and surface analysis and characterization of alternative coatings such as NiAl and composite material WC / intermetallic compounds containing mainly Ni, Cr, Co and Mo. The best parameters to produce these coatings has been found by implementing a DOE and the obtained coatings have been systematically submitted to corrosion and functional tests based on the determination of the behaviour of the thermal spray coatings in an atmosphere of H2S and CO2 [1] and to wear and erosion test according to ASTM G75-95; removed material weight and usured surface damages have been determined. Furthermore the coatings have been completely characterized before and after the tests from the point of view of the structure (porosity, coating cohesion and adhesion, hardness, wear) and of the surface properties by means of a prototype 3- dimensional stylus micro-topography surface analysis system. Their corrosion and functional behaviour have been finally compared with the behaviour of the above mentioned coatings applied at present as standard in the petrochemical sector. The results state that WC/intermetallic compound could be a good substitute of IN625 for certain kind of application where good antierosion behaviour is requested.
Improvements in HVOF Sprayed Cermet Coatings Produced from SHS Powders
Authors: Blatchford M.T. , Jones M. , Horlock A.J. , McCartney D.G. , Shipway P.H. , Wood J.V. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
It has been shown that high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spray coatings with good wear resistance can be produced from Ni(Cr)-TiC powders manufactured by self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) reactions. In the present work the process was expanded to include additions of Mo and W with the objective of modifying the carbide phase in an attempt to increase the wear resistance further. The effect of changing the matrix, i.e. substituting Fe for Ni, and changing the ceramic phase from TiC to TiB2 was also examined. The feedstock powder and resultant coatings are characterised in terms of x-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy while the coating properties are measured by microhardness and dry sand rubber wheel (DSRW) abrasive wear testing. The results show that Fe(Cr)-TiB2 and Ni(Cr)-(W, Ti)C coatings have wear rates comparable to that of conventional Cr3C2-NiCr coatings produced from sintered and crushed powder, but further improvements are needed to achieve the wear resistance of WC-Co coatings.
Composites Made of Metal Foams with Thermally Sprayed Coatings
Authors: Maurer M. , Lugscheider E. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Scientist and engineers show an increasing interest in metal foams. Recent activities are not only limited to the different techniques which already exist to produce and characterise metal foams, but also focus on further steps that these fairly new materials have to pass before entering mass production. Metal foams do not possess a high strength; to increase their mechanical properties and to improve the surface finish, thermally sprayed coatings can be applied. A metal foam is mainly characterised by its alloy composition, its density and the size and shape of the cells and pores. The quality of the coating depends on the coating material, the chosen process, the preparation of the surface, spraying parameters and the adhesion of the coating. The main focus of this paper is to reveal the necessary requirements to realise a sound composite made of a thermally sprayed coating onto metal foam. Basic investigations are carried out and during a later stage of the project parameters are to be identified which allow to describe the properties of the new composite material. The priority within this project will be on aluminium foams.
Properties of Al2O3 Coatings Sprayed by HFPD
Authors: Fagoaga I. , Barykin G. , de Juan J. , Soroa T. , Vaquero C. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Ceramic oxides can be deposited by the High Frequency Pulse Detonation process leading to coatings with unique properties as result of simultaneous melting and high velocities of the sprayed particles. In this paper, several Al2O3 based powders have been HFPD sprayed and the resulting coatings characterized. For this purpose, microstructural evaluation, XRD phase analysis and functional behavior (dielectric strength and wear resistance) have been tested.
Structure & Properties of HVOF Sprayed NiCrBSi Coatings
Authors: Calla E. , Modi S.C. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
NiCrBSi spray and fuse types of coatings are routinely applied on various jobs where metallurgical bond of the coating to the substrate is desired. These coatings require a subsequent fusing operation at temperature of about 1050°C. In the present study NiCrBSi coatings were formed by the HVOF process and by the conventional spray and fuse route. The coatings were characterized for their microstructure, hardness and porosity. The aim of this study was to see whether HVOF spraying NiCrBSi spray and fuse powder could cause instant fusing of the coating without the need for additional fusing operation. XRD study of the coatings was also carried out to find out the difference between the spray and fused NiCrBSi coatings and the HVOF sprayed coatings. The HVOF spraying of NiCrBSi was carried under different set of parameters to determine the effect of spraying parameters on the properties of coating.
Spray Powders and Coatings on the Basis of Titanium Suboxides
Authors: Berger L.-M. , Thiele S. , Nebelung M. , Storz O. , Gasthuber H. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Titanium suboxides form a class of ceramic materials possessing such technically interesting properties as electrical conductivity and solid lubrication. Consequently, these materials have a high potential for application as thermally sprayed coatings. In this paper the preparation and characterisation of two spray powders of different composition by agglomeration and sintering with a narrow range of the value n in TinO2n-1 is described. Powders were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM), thermogravimetric measurements (TG), helium pycnometry, nitrogen adsorption and mercury intrusion techniques. The sprayability was tested by plasma spraying. The coating structures were studied by optical microscopy, XRD, TG and TEM. Although the powders were only partially oxidized as a result of the spray process, the crystallographic structure was changed significantly, according to XRD and TEM investigations. As an alternative method of preparation of titanium suboxide spray powders, the reduction of a fused and crushed spray powder with hydrogen is described. Powder particle shape and size distribution are not changed in this process.
Characterization and Mechanical Properties of Flame Sprayed Hydroxyapatite/Polymer Composite Coatings
Authors: Sun L. , Berndt C.C. , Gross K.A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Hydroxyapatite/polymer composite coatings of different volume ratios were produced using a Plastic Flame Spray (PFS) system. The intent of this processing is to obtain a coating with an optimal combination of biological and mechanical properties of these two materials for skeletal implants. The composite coatings were produced with a mechanical blend of EMMA and hydroxyapatite powder from a fluidized bed powder feeder. Characterization was conducted by scanning electron microscopy on the surface morphology, polished cross-sections and fracture surface morphology of the coatings. The bioactivity of the coatings was evaluated with a calcium ion meter, and the stress-strain behavior was investigated by tensile testing. The biological and mechanical properties were found to be related to the volume and the distribution of the hydroxyapatite in the polymer matrix.
Surface Modification of Recycled PET Plate by Particle Implantation and Deposition with Plasma Spraying
Authors: Kanazawa T. , Ohmori A. , Matsusaka S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The polyethylene terephtalate (PET) is widely utilized for high performance as a food and beverage container due to its excellent mechanical and chemical properties. The consumption of PET material is expected to increase more rapidly. Consequently, the recycling of waste PET is urgently needed to reduce environmental problems and economic costs. The purpose of this research is to endow waste PET materials with a new function by spraying of metal and ceramics such as Cu and TiO2. The recycled PET plate substrate for plasma spraying was prepared from waste PET bottles. It is found that Cu and TiO2 powder could be sprayed on the surface of the recycled PET plate without heat damage and transformation of the substrate. In specific spray conditions, the implantation of melted Cu and TiO2 particles, which retained their original shape, into the PET substrate was also observed and this is an unusual phenomenon in plasma spraying. In this research, the possibility of production of functional PET plates with electric conductivity and wear resistance was found by controlling the plasma spray conditions.
Structure and Properties of HVOF Sprayed Amorphous Polymer Matrix Nanocomposite Coatings
Authors: Knight R. , Fang X. , Twardowski T.E. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The high velocity oxy-fuel [HVOF] combustion spray technique has previously been shown to be an excellent solution for depositing crystalline matrix nano-reinforced polymer coatings. Dense polymer coatings can be produced by controlling both the particle dwell time in the HVOF jet and through substrate thermal management. Use of an amorphous matrix material, polycarbonate, will enable the role of matrix crystallinity on the structure and properties of thermally sprayed polymer matrix nanocomposite coatings to be separated from effects resulting from the reinforcing phase. An amorphous, commercial polycarbonate powder with a broad particle size distribution and irregular particle morphology has been successfully deposited by HVOF spraying using hydrogen as fuel gas. Polycarbonate matrix coatings up to 18 mils thick with zero to 10 vol. % loadings of nano-sized hydrophobic and hydrophilic silica, and carbon-black have been sprayed onto Al substrates. Results from optical microscopy. X-ray diffraction, scratch, density, microhardness and dilute-solution viscometry measurements will be presented. These indicate that incorporation of the nanosized filers improved the scratch resistance and microhardness of the coatings by 50 % and 23 %, respectively, relative to sprayed pure polymer. Some degradation of the polymer matrix was also detected, with molecular weight being reduced from 17,000 in the feedstock to ~5,000 in the sprayed deposits. The influence of variations in process parameters such as fuel:oxygen ratio, total gas flow, spray distance, nozzle length, total travel distance, and spray distance/nozzle length ratio on coating structure will also be addressed. The threshold loading of silica in the polycarbonate matrix for which dense coatings can be obtained has also been determined.
Cold Sprayed Nanostructured WC-Co
Authors: Karthikeyan J. , Kay C.M. , Lindemann J. , Lima R.S. , Berndt C.C. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The cold spray process was used to prepare nanostructured WC-Co coatings. The coating microstructural characteristics and phase composition were analyzed via optical microscopy, SEM and XRD. The morphology and microstructure of the nanostructured WC-Co powder were also analyzed by SEM and XRD. A 10µm thick coating was achieved. The results show that there is no degradation of the WC-Co powder during the cold spray process and well-bonded and phase-pure WC coating can be produced by the cold spray process.
Low Pressure Plasma Spraying of Sol-Gel Al2O3/SiC Nanocomposite Coatings
Authors: Jiansirisomboon S. , Roberts S.G. , Grant P.S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper describes the manufacture of a new ceramic coating system based on Al2O3/SiC nanocomposite powder prepared by sol-gel processing followed by low pressure plasma spraying (LPPS) onto stainless steel substrates. In order to produce nanocomposite coatings of good adhesion and low porosity, the substrates were water-cooled to minimise thermal stresses associated with coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch and a CoNiCrAlY bond coat was used. The sol-gel powder feedstock and the as-sprayed coatings have been characterised by a combination of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). The coating characteristics were compared with a reference Al2O3 coating prepared from commercial feedstock powder. The thermal exposure of the sol-gel powder during spraying caused phase-changes and phase-decomposition. Examination of the sprayed coatings showed that it was possible to maintain the 20-200 nm SiC particles in the final Al2O3/SiC nanocomposite coating. The coatings also contained both stable α-Al2O3 and metastable γ-Al2O3. Some minority phases such as silica and aluminosilicate formed in the sol-gel feedstock powder were fully decomposed during LPPS. This preliminary study indicates that sol-gel and LPPS processing is a potential route for the manufacture of nanocomposite coatings, which may offer significant improvements in some aspects of coating properties.
Effects of Operating Parameters on High Definition Single Wire Arc Spraying
Authors: Carlson R. , Heberlein J. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Operating parameters which affect the droplet generation characteristics for a single wire arc spray, SWAS, torch have been studied. The droplet size distribution, velocity, axial divergence, and deposition efficiency can be controlled by the selection of wire size, wire feed rate, arc voltage, and gas jet back pressure. Coatings have been formed under a variety of operating conditions with structures from 3 mm to 4.5 mm in width. The average deposition efficiency is greater than 80 % and the average axial divergence angle is 2.4°. The SWAS torch has been shown to operate for extended periods of time with minimal erosion of non-consumable electrode.
Influence of Anode Nozzle and External Torch Contour on the Quality of the Atmospheric DC Plasma Spray Process
Authors: Henne R.H. , Bouyer E. , Borck V. , Schiller G. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
By means of Schlieren photography, enthalpy probe, mass spectrometry and the particle measuring system DPV 2000 the influence of the internal and external anode nozzle and torch geometry, on plasma jet quality for atmospheric plasma spraying was investigated. It turned out that there is a strong geometrical effect of the inner contour and that with a proper expansion of the hot core of the plasma jet a considerable improvement of the melting and deposition quality can be obtained. Also the outer torch contour is of influence on the spray process because it controls the formation and the intensity of turbulence and the interaction of the plasma jet with its surrounding and hence the cold gas entrainment.
A New Powder Feeder for the Transport of Ultrafine Powders
Authors: Dvorak M.D. , Dietrich F. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Advanced spraying technologies as High Pressure-HVOF Spraying or Cold Gas Spraying as well as new concepts for the next generation of plasma sprayed TBC's demanding spray powders with strongly decreased powder grain sizes (&lt; 15µm or even less). Although, with decreasing powder grain size the flowability of the powder is also decreased, causing finally problems in the transport of powder. Within this paper a new powder feeder design will be presented, that makes the precise feeding of ultrafine powders possible, even through feeding lines several meters in length. All known powder feeders for thermal spraying use the pneumatic convey for powder transport through the feeding line. In opposite, the new developed powder feeder is using the dense phase convey of powders. The powder transport can be compared with the transport of a liquid in an hydraulic system. The new powder feeder shows no restrictions in the flowability of a powder. The feeding of normal spray powders (carbides, oxides, metals) as well as submicron powders were successfully tested. Feeding rates from several grams per hour to hundred kilogram and more per hour can be realised, depending on the design of the system. The transport through feeding lines longer than 10 meters also causes no difficulties. The system is self-cleaning and there are no mechanical parts in contact with the powder.
Coatings and Applications Produced by Purecoat, an Improved Shrouding Technique
Authors: Lester T. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Arc spraying has always been the most cost-effective way of thermal spraying metal alloys but oxide content and degradation of the alloy by loss of particular alloying elements have limited quality of the coatings. In this paper a process is described which greatly reduces degradation and improves coating density and oxide content. Corrosion behaviour both in aqueous and high temperature environments is markedly improved. For aqueous applications coatings of Inconel 625 were tested in a potentio-dynamic cell and by salt spray testing to evaluate both the inherent properties and the permeability of the coating and significantly improved behaviour was found in both cases. For high temperature corrosion, samples of FeCrAl were tested in air and in a sulphidising environment with and without thermal cycling. Coatings of NiCrAl and NiCrTi were also examined. The coating types and test regimes were aimed at specific practical applications such as fireside corrosion in boilers and waste incinerators, hot oxidation of flare stack burners etc. In the aqueous situation valves and process vessels are being examined as candidate applications for Inconel 625 coatings.