bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Offline Context Affects Online Reviews: The Effect of Post-Consumption Weather
Authors: Brandes Leif , Dover Yaniv 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This empirical study investigates whether unpleasant weather—a prominent aspect of a consumer’s offline environment—influences online review provision and content. It uses a unique dataset that combines 12 years of data on hotel bookings and reviews, with weather condition information at a consumer’s home and hotel address. The results show that bad weather increases review provision and reduces rating scores for past consumption experiences. Moreover, 6.5% more reviews are written on rainy days and that these reviews are 0.1 points lower, accounting for 59% of the difference in average rating scores between four- and five-star hotels in our data. These results are consistent with a scenario in which bad weather (i) induces negative consumer mood, lowering rating scores, and (ii) makes consumers less time-constrained, which increases review provision. Additional analyses with various automated sentiment measures for almost 300,000 review texts support this scenario: reviews on rainy days show a significant reduction in reviewer positivity and happiness, yet are longer and more detailed. This study demonstrates that offline context influences online reviews, and discusses how platforms and businesses should include contextual information in their review management approaches.
COVID-19 and Older Persons—In Need of a Comprehensive Human Rights Approach
Authors: Bílková Veronika 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 crisis has had a severe and disproportionate impact on older persons—due both to the effects of the virus itself and to the effects of the measures adopted to counter its spread, including some of those specifically designed to ensure better protection of the elderly. This impact has not gone unnoticed but most of the reports and statements that pertain to it either simply describe what has happened or explain the situation by pointing to the natural frailty of older persons and the unprecedented nature of the emergency. This article argues that such an explanation is incomplete. The problems that older persons have experienced in the recent months are neither natural nor coincidental. They reflect certain gaps that have existed in the protection of the human rights of older persons for a long time and that the current crisis has solely made more acute and more visible. The article introduces these gaps (normative, implementation, monitoring, institutional, information and societal gaps) and shows that they are all closely interrelated. To improve the protection of the human rights of older persons during COVID-19 and beyond, it is necessary to address all these gaps simultaneously. This, moreover, may not be done by legal means only. Other, non-legal means must be put in place as well. A comprehensive approach to the human rights of older persons should therefore replace the non-comprehensive approach that has prevailed so far.
Pain that only she must bear: on the invisibility of women in judicial abortion rhetoric
Authors: Laguardia F 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The graphic and bodily facts of a legal question of rights are relevant to the courts, particularly in questions that directly implicate physical bodies and pain, such as right to die cases, or what level of search may be allowable and when. However, in the case of abortion, or more specifically the bodily ramifications of pregnancy and childbirth, this detail is conspicuously absent. This article, relying on a content analysis of over 220 legal opinions on abortion rights, documents this absence of rhetoric. Particularly in the context of other discussions of pain and physical health risks in these very same cases, the complete absence of an acknowledgement of the bodily ramifications of pregnancy and childbirth appears purposeful, if perhaps not conscious. Reviewing prior literature on abortion rights and abortion rhetoric, it is likely that this lack of language both reflects and reinforces an assumption of women’s roles as mothers, a general reluctance to acknowledge the totality of the sacrifices women make in giving birth, and the refusal to acknowledge women’s individual interests as whole persons.
Pattern and timing of mitochondrial divergence of island spotted skunks on the California Channel Islands
Authors: Bolas Ellen C , Quinn Cate B , Van Vuren Dirk H , Lee Andy , Vanderzwan Stevi L , Floyd Chris H , Jones Krista L , Shaskey Laura , Sacks Benjamin N 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIsland spotted skunks (Spilogale gracilis amphiala) are a rare subspecies endemic to the California Channel Islands, currently extant on Santa Cruz and Santa Rosa islands. How and when skunks arrived on the islands is unknown, hindering decision-making about their taxonomic status and conservation priority. We investigated these questions by sequencing the complete mitochondrial genomes of 55 skunks from the two islands and mainland (California and Arizona) and examining phylogenetic patterns and estimations of isolation times among populations. Island spotted skunks grouped in a single monophyletic clade distinct from mainland spotted skunks. A haplotype network analysis had the most recent common ancestral haplotype sampled from an individual on Santa Rosa, suggesting both islands were colonized by a single matriline. Additionally, no haplotypes were shared between skunk populations on the two islands. These patterns imply that both island populations were derived from a common ancestral population shortly after establishment and have remained isolated from each other ever since. Together with divergence estimates from three methods, this topology is consistent with colonization of the super-island, Santarosae, by a single ancestral population of spotted skunks in the early Holocene, followed by divergence as the sea level rose and split Santarosae into Santa Cruz and Santa Rosa islands 9,400–9,700 years ago. Such a scenario of colonization could be explained either by rafting or one-time transport by Native Americans. Given their distinct evolutionary history, high levels of endemism, and current population status, island spotted skunks may warrant management as distinct evolutionarily significant units.
Warming and grazing enhance litter decomposition and nutrient release independent of litter quality in an alpine meadow
Authors: Li Bowen , Lv Wangwang , Sun Jianping , Zhang Lirong , Jiang Lili , Zhou Yang , Liu Peipei , Hong Huan , Wang Qi , A Wang , Zhang Suren , Xia Lu , Wang Zongsong , Dorji Tsechoe , Su Ailing , Luo Caiyun , Zhang Zhenhua , Wang Shiping 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Warming and grazing, and litter quality jointly determine litter decomposition and nutrient releases in grazing ecosystems. However, their effects have previously been studied in isolation. We conducted a two factorial experiment with asymmetric warming using infrared heaters and moderate grazing in an alpine meadow. Litter samples were collected from all plots in each treatment, among which some subsamples were placed in their original plots and other samples were translocated to other treatment plots to test the relative effects of each treatment on litter decomposition and nutrient releases. We found that warming rather than grazing alone significantly increased total losses of litter mass, total organic carbon, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) per unit area due to increases in both mass loss rates and litter biomass. However, grazing with warming did not affect their total mass losses because increased mass loss was offset by decreased litter biomass compared with the control. Seasonal mean soil temperature better predicted litter decomposition than litter lignin content or carbon to nitrogen ratio. There were interactions between warming and grazing, but there were no interactions between them and litter quality on litter decomposition. The temperature sensitivity of TN loss was higher than that of TP loss per unit area. Our results suggest that increased temperature has a greater effect on litter decomposition and nutrient release than change in litter quality, and that more N release from litter could result in greater P deficiency in the alpine meadow.
No longer second-class citizens: Redefining organizational identity as a response to digitalization in accounting shared services
Authors: Klimkeit Dirk , Reihlen Markus 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNew technologies can become an identity-challenging threat for organizations. While there is a growing literature on how new technologies challenge fundamental questions of organizational existence such as ‘who are we?’, ‘what do we do?’, and ‘what do we want to be?’, this literature has largely overlooked how new technologies can become drivers of organizational identity change. In this article, we investigate the impact of digitalization, especially Robotic Process Automation, on organizational identity. Drawing on the analysis of shared service centers in Asia and Eastern Europe, we explored how these organizations respond to identity-challenging technologies. While traditionally, work in shared services has been characterized by a combination of standardization, controlling the labor process, and deskilling, we found in this study that shared service organizations are responding to the digital challenges by moving up the value chain to more complex, knowledge-intensive work. As a result, shared service organizations in our study began to redefine their organizational identity by, among others, professionalizing their workforce.
The Physicality of Virtue in Job 31: The Use of Bodily Terms in Job’s Depiction of Moral Integrity
Authors: Vesely Patricia 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Job’s appeal of innocence in Job 31 may be the most comprehensive depiction of moral goodness found in the Hebrew Bible. In these verses, Job professes his innocence with respect to his relationships in both private and public realms, to God, and to the land. This essay assesses Job’s vision of moral integrity in Job 31:1–12, focusing on Job’s use of bodily language, including the terms ‘heart’, ‘eyes’, ‘feet’, and ‘hands’. The use of such language in Job 31 suggests that moral integrity, for Job, includes both ‘interior’ (unseen) and ‘exterior’ (visible) components of his being. This essay brings Job’s depiction of moral goodness in conversation with an Aristotelian virtue ethics and demonstrates that, while biblical Hebrew does not contain terms for ‘virtue’ or ‘character’, similar notions are present in the biblical text’s use of bodily language. Unlike some modern conceptions of virtue or character, however, the biblical text does not depict these concepts as abstract or intangible but as physical and inseparable from the environment of which the moral agent is a part.
Auxin analog-induced Ca2+ signaling is independent of inhibition of endosomal aggregation in Arabidopsis roots
Authors: Wang Ren , Himschoot Ellie , Grenzi Matteo , Chen Jian , Safi Alaeddine , Krebs Melanie , Schumacher Karin , Nowack Moritz K , Moeder Wolfgang , Yoshioka Keiko , Van Damme Daniël , De Smet Ive , Geelen Danny , Beeckman Tom , Friml Jiří , Costa Alex , Vanneste Steffen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMuch of what we know about the role of auxin in plant development derives from exogenous manipulations of auxin distribution and signaling, using inhibitors, auxins, and auxin analogs. In this context, synthetic auxin analogs, such as 1-naphthalene acetic acid (1-NAA), are often favored over the endogenous auxin, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), in part due to their higher stability. While such auxin analogs have proven instrumental in revealing the various faces of auxin, they display in some cases bioactivities distinct from IAA. Here, we focused on the effect of auxin analogs on the accumulation of PIN proteins in brefeldin A-sensitive endosomal aggregations (BFA bodies), and correlation with the ability to elicit Ca2+ responses. For a set of commonly used auxin analogs, we evaluated if auxin analog-induced Ca2+ signaling inhibits PIN accumulation. Not all auxin analogs elicited a Ca2+ response, and their differential ability to elicit Ca2+ responses correlated partially with their ability to inhibit BFA-body formation. However, in tir1/afb and cngc14, 1-NAA-induced Ca2+ signaling was strongly impaired, yet 1-NAA still could inhibit PIN accumulation in BFA bodies. This demonstrates that TIR1/AFB–CNGC14-dependent Ca2+ signaling does not inhibit BFA body formation in Arabidopsis roots.
Beyond Criminalisation: Abortion Law Reform in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Snelling Jeanne M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
With the enactment of the Abortion Legislation Act 2020, New Zealand radically transformed its approach to abortion. Abortion is no longer a crime, and is instead regulated under general health law, adopting a gestational model. Whilst some claim that reform was overdue, critics have described the new legislation as the ‘world’s most extreme abortion law’. This article investigates these claims through the lens of reproductive justice, a movement that emerged alongside the global campaign for recognition of reproductive rights. First, it outlines the tenets of reproductive justice, before critiquing New Zealand’s previous law, and considering arguments for its modernisation. It then describes how a growing number of jurisdictions have decriminalised abortion, with increasing pressure on other countries, including England and Wales, to similarly undertake law reform. Finally, it examines the main provisions of New Zealand’s law. It concludes that, to the extent that the new law enables access to timely, equitable, and publicly funded abortion services, it is consistent with the tenets of reproductive justice. By placing women at the centre of the law, it improves the welfare of women, but particularly marginalised women. However, it suggests that the current 20-week gestational test is arbitrary, with the originally proposed 22-week threshold preferable.
Adaboost-DSNN: an adaptive boosting algorithm based on deep self normalized neural network for pulsar identification
Authors: Tariq Irfan , Meng Qiao , Yao Shunyu , Liu Wei , Zhou Chenye , Ahmed Adnan , Spanakis-Misirlis Apostolos 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
A modern pulsar survey generates a large number of pulsar candidates. Filtering these pulsar candidates in a large astronomical data set is an important step towards discovering new pulsars. In this paper, a novel adaptive boosting algorithm based on deep self normalized neural network (Adaboost-DSNN) is proposed to accurately classify pulsar and non-pulsar signals. To train the proposed method on a highly imbalanced data set, the Synthetic Minority Oversampling TEchnique (SMOTE) was initially employed for balancing the data set. Then, a deep ensemble network combined with a deep self-normalized neural network and adaptive boosting was developed to train and learn the processed pulsar data. The design of the proposed Adaboost-DSNN method significantly reduced the computational time when dealing with large astronomical data sets, while also improving the classification performance. The scaled exponential liner units activation function was used to normalize the data. Considering their neighbour information and the special dropout technique (α-dropout), Adaboost-DSNN displayed good pulsar classification performance, while preserving the data properties across subsequent layers. The proposed Adaboost-DSNN method was tested on the High Time Resolution Universe Survey data sets (HTRU-1 and HTRU-2). According to experimental results, Adaboost-DSNN outperform other state-of-the-art methods with respect to training time and F1-score. The training time of the Adaboost-DSNN model is 10x times faster compared to other models of this kind.
Realistic galaxy image simulation via score-based generative models
Authors: Smith Michael J , Geach James E , Jackson Ryan A , Arora Nikhil , Stone Connor , Courteau Stéphane 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
We show that a denoising diffusion probabilistic model (DDPM), a class of score-based generative model, can be used to produce realistic mock images that mimic observations of galaxies. Our method is tested with Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) grz imaging of galaxies from the Photometry and Rotation curve OBservations from Extragalactic Surveys (PROBES) sample and galaxies selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Subjectively, the generated galaxies are highly realistic when compared with samples from the real data set. We quantify the similarity by borrowing from the deep generative learning literature, using the ‘Fréchet inception distance’ to test for subjective and morphological similarity. We also introduce the ‘synthetic galaxy distance’ metric to compare the emergent physical properties (such as total magnitude, colour, and half-light radius) of a ground truth parent and synthesized child data set. We argue that the DDPM approach produces sharper and more realistic images than other generative methods such as adversarial networks (with the downside of more costly inference), and could be used to produce large samples of synthetic observations tailored to a specific imaging survey. We demonstrate two potential uses of the DDPM: (1) accurate inpainting of occluded data, such as satellite trails, and (2) domain transfer, where new input images can be processed to mimic the properties of the DDPM training set. Here we ‘DESI-fy’ cartoon images as a proof of concept for domain transfer. Finally, we suggest potential applications for score-based approaches that could motivate further research on this topic within the astronomical community.
Systematic biases in determining dust attenuation curves through galaxy SED fitting
Authors: Qin Jianbo , Zheng Xian Zhong , Fang Min , Pan Zhizheng , Wuyts Stijn , Shi Yong , Peng Yingjie , Gonzalez Valentino , Bian Fuyan , Huang Jia-Sheng , Gu Qiu-Sheng , Liu Wenhao , Tan Qinghua , Shi Dong Dong , Ren Jian , Zhang Yuheng , Qiao Man , Wen Run , Liu Shuang 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
While the slope of the dust attenuation curve (δ) is found to correlate with effective dust attenuation (AV) as obtained through spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting, it remains unknown how the fitting degeneracies shape this relation. We examine the degeneracy effects by fitting SEDs of a sample of local star-forming galaxies (SFGs) selected from the Galaxy And Mass Assembly survey, in conjunction with mock galaxy SEDs of known attenuation parameters. A well-designed declining starburst star formation history is adopted to generate model SED templates with intrinsic UV slope (β0) spanning over a reasonably wide range. The best-fitting β0 for our sample SFGs shows a wide coverage, dramatically differing from the limited range of β0 &lt; −2.2 for a starburst of constant star formation. Our results show that strong degeneracies between β0, δ, and AV in the SED fitting induce systematic biases leading to a false AV–δ correlation. Our simulation tests reveal that this relationship can be well reproduced even when a flat AV–δ relation is taken to build the input model galaxy SEDs. The variations in best-fitting δ are dominated by the fitting errors. We show that assuming a starburst with constant star formation in SED fitting will result in a steeper attenuation curve, smaller degeneracy errors, and a stronger AV–δ relation. Our findings confirm that the AV–δ relation obtained through SED fitting is likely driven by the systematic biases induced by the fitting degeneracies between β0, δ, and AV.
Non-linear density–velocity dynamics in f(R) gravity from spherical collapse
Authors: Nadkarni-Ghosh Sharvari , Chowdhury Sandip 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
We investigate the joint density–velocity evolution in f(R) gravity using smooth, compensated spherical top-hats as a proxy for the non-linear regime. Using the Hu-Sawicki model as a working example, we solve the coupled continuity, Euler, and Einstein equations using an iterative hybrid Lagrangian–Eulerian scheme. The novel aspect of this scheme is that the metric potentials are solved for analytically in the Eulerian frame. The evolution is assumed to follow GR at very early epochs and switches to f(R) at a pre-determined epoch. Choosing the ‘switching epoch’ too early is computationally expensive because of high frequency oscillations; choosing it too late potentially destroys consistency with ΛCDM. To make an informed choice, we perform an eigenvalue analysis of the background model which gives a ballpark estimate of the magnitude of oscillations. There are two length scales in the problem: the comoving Compton wavelength of the associated scalar field and the width of the top-hat. The evolution is determined by their ratio. When the ratio is large, the evolution is scale-independent and the density–velocity divergence relation (DVDR) is unique. When the ratio is small, the evolution is very close to GR, except for the formation of a spike near the top-hat edge, a feature which has been noted in earlier literature. We are able to qualitatively explain this feature in terms of the analytic solution for the metric potentials, in the absence of the chameleon mechanism. In the intermediate regime, the evolution is profile-dependent and no unique DVDR exists.
COD: an algorithm for shape reconstruction of transiting celestial bodies through topological optimization
Authors: Nachmani G , Mazeh T , Sochen N 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
We introduce a novel algorithm, COD – Compact Opacity Distribution, for shape reconstruction of a celestial body that has been observed to occult a star, using the photometric time-series observations of the occultation. COD finds a solution to the light-curve inversion problem for an optically thick occulter having an approximately convex shape, together with an estimate of its size, impact parameter and velocity, relative to the occulted star. The algorithm is based on an optimization scheme that uses topological constraints and an objective function for the geometry of the occulter. The constraints of the problem follow linear relations, which enable the use of linear programming optimization as the mathematical framework. Multiple tests of the algorithm were performed, all of which resulted in high correlations between the simulated and obtained shapes of the occulting objects, with errors within $5{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ in their projected velocities and horizontal sizes, and within 0.1 in their impact parameters. These tests include a video of a solar eclipse by Phobos, as seen by NASA’s Curiosity rover, which was collapsed into its corresponding light curve and reconstructed afterwards. We applied COD to the mysterious case of VVV-WIT-08 – a single deep occultation ($\sim 96 {{\ \rm per\ cent}}$) of a giant star lasting for over 200 d. The analysis, which did not assume any specific shape of the occulter, suggested an object with a projected opacity distribution resembling an ellipse with an eccentricity of ∼0.5, tilted at ∼30 degrees relative to the direction of motion, with a semi-minor axis similar to the stellar radius.