bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined Effect of the Tropical Indian Ocean and Tropical North Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly on the Tibetan Plateau Precipitation Anomaly in Late Summer
Authors: Zhang Ping , Duan Anmin , Hu Jun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Precipitation variability over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) depends largely on the atmospheric circulation pattern associated with remote oceanic forcing, while the contribution of sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) in different ocean basins, especially the tropical North Atlantic (TNA), remains unclear. By using multisource data and atmospheric general circulation model, this study reveals the individual and combined effects of the Indian Ocean basin mode (IOBM) and TNA SSTA on the interannual variability of TP precipitation in late summer (August). During the positive phase of the IOBM, warm SSTAs in the Indian Ocean induce an anomalous anticyclone over the Bay of Bengal (BOBAC) via the Kelvin wave–induced Ekman divergence and a resulting positive precipitation anomaly over the southeastern TP. Simultaneously, an eastward-extending Kelvin wave triggered by the positive TNA SSTA overlaps with that caused by the IOBM, further strengthening the BOBAC. In addition, the Kelvin wave triggered by the TNA SSTA induces anomalous easterlies over the tropical Indo-Pacific, which contribute to the warm Indian Ocean SSTA and thus amplify the IOBM affecting TP precipitation. Moreover, the positive TNA SSTA generates a westward-extending Walker circulation anomaly that is responsible for the suppressed convection over the central Pacific, which in turn triggers a Rossby wave response and further strengthens the BOBAC. As a result, the positive precipitation anomaly over the southeastern TP is strengthened significantly. Particularly, considering the 2–3-month lead time of the IOBM and TNA SSTA, the tropical SSTA can be used as a predictor for the TP precipitation anomaly.
Bias and Trend Correction of Precipitation Datasets to Force Ocean Models
Authors: Dussin Raphael 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A novel method to adjust the precipitation produced by atmospheric reanalyses using observational constraints to force ocean models is described. The method allows the preservation of the qualities of the high-resolution and high-frequency output from the reanalyses while eliminating their bias and spurious trends. The method is shown to be robust to degradation in both space and time of the observation dataset. This method is applied to the ERA-Interim precipitation dataset using the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) v2.3 as the observational reference in order to create a debiased dataset that can be used to force ocean models. The produced debiased dataset is then compared to ERA-Interim and GPCP in a suite of forced ice–ocean numerical experiments using the GFDL OM4 model. Ocean states obtained with the new precipitation dataset are consistent with results from GPCP-forced experiments with respect to global metrics but produces the extra sea surface salinity variability at the time scales unresolved by the observation-based dataset. Discrepancies between modeled and observed freshwater fluxes are discussed as well as the strategies to mitigate them and their impacts.
Patient-Preference Diagnostics: Adapting Stated-Preference Methods to Inform Effective Shared Decision Making
Authors: Gonzalez Sepulveda Juan Marcos , Johnson F. Reed , Reed Shelby D. , Muiruri Charles , Hutyra Carolyn A. , Mather Richard C. 
Published: July 2022

Background While clinical practice guidelines underscore the need to incorporate patient preferences in clinical decision making, incorporating meaningful assessment of patient preferences in clinical encounters is challenging. Structured approaches that combine quantitative patient preferences and clinical evidence could facilitate effective patient-provider communication and more patient-centric health care decisions. Adaptive conjoint or stated-preference approaches can identify individual preference parameters, but they can require a relatively large number of choice questions or simplifying assumptions about the error with which preferences are elicited. Method We propose an approach to efficiently diagnose preferences of patients for outcomes of treatment alternatives by leveraging prior information on patient preferences to generate adaptive choice questions to identify a patient’s proximity to known preference phenotypes. This information can be used for measuring sensitivity and specificity, much like any other diagnostic procedure. We simulated responses with varying levels of choice errors for hypothetical patients with specific preference profiles to measure sensitivity and specificity of a 2-question preference diagnostic. Results We identified 4 classes representing distinct preference profiles for patients who participated in a previous first-time anterior shoulder dislocation (FTASD) survey. Posterior probabilities of class membership at the end of a 2-question sequence ranged from 87% to 89%. We found that specificity and sensitivity of the 2-question sequences were robust to respondent errors. The questions appeared to have better specificity than sensitivity. Conclusions Our results suggest that this approach could help diagnose patient preferences for treatments for a condition such as FTASD with acceptable precision using as few as 2 choice questions. Such preference-diagnostic tools could be used to improve and document alignment of treatment choices and patient preferences. Highlights Approaches that combine patient preferences and clinical evidence can facilitate effective patient-provider communication and more patient-centric healthcare decisions. However, diagnosing individual-level preferences is challenging, and no formal diagnostic tools exist. We propose a structured approach to efficiently diagnose patient preferences based on prior information on the distribution of patient preferences in a population. We generated a 2-question test of preferences for the outcomes associated with the treatment of first-time anterior shoulder dislocation. The diagnosis of preferences can help physicians discuss relevant aspects of the treatment options and proactively address patient concerns during the clinical encounter.
Acetabular cartilage delamination: performance of MRI using arthroscopy as the standard of reference
Authors: Neumann Jan , Zhang Alan L , Bucknor Matthew , Majumdar Sharmila , Souza Richard , Joseph Gabby B , Link Thomas M 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundFemoroacetabular impingement (FAI) frequently leads to acetabular chondral delamination. Early identification and treatment of these cases is crucial to prevent further damage to the hip.PurposeTo evaluate the accuracy of morphological signs of cartilage acetabular delamination in non-arthrographic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using intra-articular arthroscopic findings in patients undergoing FAI surgery.Material and MethodsAll hip MRI scans were assessed individually by three independent radiologists. Images were assessed for signs of delamination including the presence of a linear area of bright signal intensity along the acetabular subchondral bone and an area of darker tissue at the surface of the acetabular cartilage. All FAI patients underwent surgery; arthroscopy served as the standard of reference.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 36.1±10.9 years with 36 (48.6%) women. In the FAI group, arthroscopic surgery showed acetabular chondral delamination in 37 hips. In all hips (including the controls), MRI signs of acetabular cartilage delamination showed an average sensitivity across the three raters of 73.0% with a specificity of 71.0%. In a separate analysis of only the FAI patients, a slightly higher sensitivity (77.7%) but lower specificity (66.7%) was demonstrated. The interrater reliability showed a moderate agreement (average [k]) across the raters (0.450).ConclusionPerformance of non-arthrographic MRI in diagnosing acetabular chondral delamination showed good results, yet inter-observer reproducibility among different radiologists was only moderate. Our results suggest that an increased level of awareness, for signs of delamination using MRI, will be helpful for detecting chondral delamination in patients with a history of FAI.
Correlation between quantitative parameters of CEUS and Ki-67 labeling index in soft-tissue sarcoma
Authors: Wang Pingping , Xu Di , Hu Yu , Li Hai , Li Ao 
Published: July 2022

Background Apart from the immunohistochemical Ki-67 labeling index (LI), clinicians need a non-invasive and convenient way to predict the prognosis of patients with soft-tissue sarcoma (STS). Purpose To investigate the correlation between quantitative parameters of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and Ki-67 LI in STS. Material and Methods A total of 25 patients diagnosed with STS who underwent CEUS examination using SonoVue®, between January 2019 to November 2020, were included in the study. They were then divided into a high-proliferation group and low-proliferation group according to 30% Ki-67 positive tumor cells. The quantitative parameters in the semi-automatic time intensity curve analysis software, including arrival time, time to peak, peak intensity, rise time (RT), rise slope, 50% wash-out time, and 50% wash-out intensity, were extracted from the time intensity curve of CEUS by two independent observers. Statistical evaluation of the correlation and difference between CEUS quantitative parameters and Ki-67 LI between the two groups was performed. According to the area under the curve (AUC) analysis, optimal cutoff points of parameters with significant difference were determined. Results CEUS RT of the high-proliferation group in STS was significantly higher than that of the low-proliferation group (ρ = 0.509, P = 0.01). The most reasonable cutoff to distinguish between low- and high-proliferation groups was 10.84 s. The sensitivity, specificity, and the AUC were 86.7%, 80%, and 0.80, respectively. Conclusion CEUS RT was correlated with Ki-67 LI of STS, which can be used as a minimally invasive auxiliary tool to predict the prognosis of STS in clinical practice.
Comparison of different modalities of continuous renal replacement therapy with regional sodium citrate anticoagulation in paediatric patients
Authors: He Jie , Xiao Zhenghui , Zhou Xiong , Cao Jianshe , Kang Xiayan , Zhang Xinping 
Published: July 2022

Background: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) modalities with regional sodium citrate anticoagulation (RCA) in children. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the paediatric intensive care unit of Hunan Children’s Hospital in China. Medical records of paediatric patients hospitalised for RCA-CRRT between April 2017 and March 2021 were reviewed. Patients received continuous venovenous haemodialysis, continuous venovenous haemofiltration (CVVH), or continuous venovenous haemodiafiltration (CVVHDF). Results: Patients on continuous venovenous haemodialysis ( n = 2) were excluded because of their small sample size. The remaining participants were divided into CVVH and CVVHDF groups; 80 patients received CRRT, with 40 and 62 sessions in the CVVH and CVVHDF groups, respectively. The filtre lifespan was longer in the CVVHDF group than in the CVVH group (median value [interquartile range]; 47 [15] hours vs. 35 [17.5] hours; p = 0.029). Compared with the CVVHDF group, the hazard ratio for filtre lifespan in the CVVH group was 3.023 (95% confidence interval 1.820–5.023, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in ionised calcium levels of the circuits between the two groups at different time points ( p < 0.05). Metabolic alkalosis, hyperlactataemia, hypocalcaemia, and hypercalcaemia occurred in both groups, with metabolic alkalosis being the most common complication. No patients in either group experienced sodium citrate accumulation or hypernatraemia. Inter-group differences in the incidence of these complications were not statistically significant ( p > 0.05). Conclusions: Our results suggest that CVVHDF is a better option for RCA-CRRT than CVVH.
Role of monocarboxylate transporters and glucose transporters in prostate cancer
Authors: Vovdenko Stanislav , Morozov Andrey , Ali Stanislav , Kogan Evgeniia , Bezrukov Evgeny 
Published: July 2022

Objectives: Currently, research of new diagnostic approaches to detect clinically significant prostate cancer is relevant because of the importance of early detection of aggressive forms of the disease, often challenging, even when using modern diagnostic tools. The aim of this review is to present the current knowledge regarding monocarboxylate transporters’ and glucose transporters’ expression as a component of glycolytic phenotype definition in prostate cancer cells. Methods: We searched PubMed and Scopus databases. Twenty-six articles from 2003 to 2022 were included. Literature research and selection were carried out based on the recommendations of the PRISMA statement. Results: The presence of “lactate shuttle” in the tumor tissue is associated with a worse prognosis. Increased expression of MCT2, MCT4, GLUT1, and down-regulation of GLUT3 are associated with prostate adenocarcinoma. MCT4 expression level correlates with the grade of tumor malignancy and disease prognosis. Up-regulation of GLUT1 and MCT4 is typical for hormone-resistant prostate cancer. Inhibition of MCT1 and MCT4 and GLUT1 in prostate cancer cells reduces their metabolic activity and growth rate, a suitable novel approach for targeted therapy. Conclusion: Review of the current studies showed that expression of certain MCTs and GLUTs types are associated with prostate cancer and some of them correlate with high malignancy and poor prognosis. Detection by immunohistochemistry of these transporters could represent a new diagnostic tool to identify aggressive forms of prostate cancer, and a novel therapeutic target for selective drugs.
Diagnostic and prognostic value of microRNA-486 in patients with lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shen Xiaoyu , Li Linlin , Zhang Linlin , Liu Wenjing , Wu Yang , Ma Rui 
Published: July 2022

Purpose There are conflicting opinions on whether miR-486 could be used for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Therefore, this present study investigated the potential effect of miR-486 on lung cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Methods We researched PubMed, Embase, Wanfang and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases to select relevant publications. Specificity and sensitivity were obtained for the pooled and subgroup diagnostic meta-analysis while the hazard ratio was for prognostic meta-analysis. Publication analyses and sensitivity analyses were conducted to investigate possible sources of heterogeneity. Results The overall sensitivity and specificity with 95% confidence intervals were 0.8 (0.8–0.9) and 0.9 (0.9–0.9). Results of subgroup analysis showed that high diagnostic efficacy might be obtained by miR-486 combined with other microRNAs (area under the curve (AUC): 0.9 (0.9–1.0)) to distinguish lung cancer patients from healthy controls (AUC: 1.0 (0.9–1.0)), especially for lung adenocarcinoma (AUC: 1.0 (1.0–1.0)) in the Asian population (AUC: 0.9 (0.9–1.0)). For prognosis prediction of miR-486 in overall non-small cell lung cancer, the overall hazard ratio with 95% confidence interval was 1.15 (0.85–1.54) for high versus low expression of miR-486, which indicated that a high miR-486 level was not related to the high risk of poor outcome. However, for the subgroup of progression-free survival and patients with chemotherapy, the hazard ratio was 0.41 (0.21–0.77), indicating that the higher miR-486 level would decrease the risk of poor progression-free survival for lung cancer patients with chemotherapy. Conclusion This study suggested circulating miR-486 combined with other microRNAs could be used as ideal biomarkers in early diagnosis and prognosis prediction for lung cancer, especially for lung adenocarcinoma in the Asian population.
Examining the Efficacy of Bright Light Therapy on Cognitive Function in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Survivors
Authors: Wu Lisa M. , Valdimarsdottir Heiddis B. , Amidi Ali , Reid Kathryn J. , Ancoli-Israel Sonia , Bovbjerg Katrin , Fox Rina S. , Walker Lauren , Matharu Amreen , Kaseda Erin T. , Galvin John P. , Adekola Kehinde , Winkel Gary , Penedo Frank , Redd William H. 
Published: July 2022

Patients who have undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) may experience cognitive impairment that can persist after treatment. Several studies have shown that bright light therapy may improve cognition, potentially due to its effects on the circadian system via brain regions that respond preferentially to light. In this double-blind randomized controlled trial, the efficacy of bright light therapy on cognition was examined in HSCT survivors. Forty-seven HSCT survivors at an urban hospital in the United States were screened for mild cognitive impairment, randomized to either bright white light (BWL) or comparison dim red light (DRL) conditions using a block randomization approach, and instructed to use their assigned light box every morning upon awakening for 30 min for 4 weeks. Assessments occurred at baseline, the end of the second week of the intervention, the end of the intervention, and at follow-up (8 weeks later). The primary outcome was objective cognitive function as measured by a global composite score on neuropsychological tests. Secondary outcomes included cognitive performance in individual domains, self-reported cognitive function, fatigue, sleep and sleep quality, and circadian rhythm robustness. Repeated-measures linear mixed models for both objective and self-reported cognitive function indicated significant main effects for time ( ps < 0.05) suggesting significant improvements in both conditions over time. Time by light condition interaction effects were not significant. Models focused on secondary outcomes yielded no significant effects. Both BWL and DRL groups demonstrated significant improvements in objective cognitive and self-reported cognitive function over time, but there was no hypothesized effect of BWL over DRL nor associations with circadian rhythm robustness. Therapeutic effects of both light conditions, practice effects, and/or placebo effects may account for the findings. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02677987 (9 February 2016)
Cleft Lip and/or Palate Repair in Children With Hypopituitarism: Analysis of the Kids’ Inpatient Database
Authors: Poupore Nicolas S. , Chidarala Shreya , Nguyen Shaun A. , Teufel Ronald J. , Patel Krishna G. , Pecha Phayvanh P. , Carroll William W. 
Published: July 2022

Objective Children with hypopituitarism (CwHP) can present with orofacial clefting, frequently in the setting of multiple midline anomalies. Hypopituitarism (HP) can complicate medical and surgical care; the perioperative risk in CwHP during the traditionally lower risk cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) repair is not well described. The objective of this study is to examine the differences in complications and mortality of CL/P repair in CwHP compared to children without hypopituitarism (CwoHP). Design A retrospective cross-sectional analysis. Setting The 1997 to 2019 Kids’ Inpatient Databases (KID). Patients Children 3 years old and younger who underwent CL/P repair. Main Outcome Measure(s) Complications and mortality. Results A total of 34 106 weighted cases were analyzed, with 86 having HP. CwHP had a longer length of stay (3.0 days [IQR 2.0-10.0] vs 1.0 day [IQR 1.0-2.0], P < .001) and higher rates of complications and mortality (12.8% vs 2.9%, P < .001) compared to CwoHP. Controlling for demographic factors, CwHP had 6.61 higher odds of complications and mortality than CwoHP (95% CI 3.38-12.94, P < .001). Conclusions CwHP can present with a CL/P and other midline defects that can increase the complexity of their care. These data show a significant increase in length of stay, complications, and mortality in CwHP undergoing CL/P repair. Increased multidisciplinary attention and monitoring may be needed for these children peri- and postoperatively, especially if additional comorbidities are present. Further studies on perioperative management in this population are warranted to reduce morbidity and mortality.
Decreased Mechanical Work Demand in the Chopart Joint After Total Ankle Replacement
Authors: Deleu Paul-André , Naaim Alexandre , Chèze Laurence , Dumas Raphaël , Devos Bevernage Bernhard , Birch Ivan , Besse Jean-Luc , Leemrijse Thibaut 
Published: July 2022

Background: The success of total ankle replacement (TAR) must be based on restoring reasonable mechanical balance with anatomical structures that can produce mechanical joint work through elastic (eg, tendons, fascia) or viscoelastic (eg, heel pad) mechanisms, or by active muscle contractions. Yet, quantifying the work distribution across the affected joint and the neighboring foot joints after TAR is lacking. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate if there is a change in the joint work distribution across the Ankle, Chopart, Lisfranc and Metatarsophalangeal joints during level walking before and after patients undergo TAR. Methods: Fifteen patients with end-stage ankle osteoarthritis scheduled for primary TAR for pain relief were recruited and peer-matched with a sample of 15 control subjects. All patients underwent a 3D gait analysis before and after surgery, during which a kinetic multisegment foot model was used to quantify intersegmental joint work. Results: The contribution of the Ankle joint ( P = .007) to the total foot and ankle positive work increased significantly after TAR. In contrast, a significant decrease in the contribution to the total foot and ankle joint positive work ( P < .001) were found at the Chopart joint after TAR. The foot joints combined produced a significant increase in a net mechanical work from +0.01 J/kg before surgery to +0.05 J/kg after TAR ( P = .006). Conclusion: The findings of this study corroborate the theoretical rationale that TAR reduces significantly the compensatory strategy in the Chopart joint in patients with end-stage ankle osteoarthritis after TAR. However, the findings also showed that the contribution of the ankle joint of patients after TAR to the total foot and ankle joint positive work remained impaired compared to the control group.