bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The proposal of boundary setting for the posterior to level V region and the theoretical feasibility of prophylactic irradiation dose reduction of level Va in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A retrospective study in a single-center
Authors: Jiang Chaoyang , Li Xiaokai , Zhang Ling , Gong Baolin , Gao Hui , Li Zhihui , Zhang Tao , Wang Juan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background:
The lymph node involvement in the posterior to level V (PLV) region is mainly observed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Recently, we have reported the distribution of metastatic lymph nodes in the PLV region and there are correlations between the neck node levels (NNL) of NPC, but what is the boundary of the PLV region and how to delineate it remains unclear, and we further to elaborate whether the bilateral level Va should be covered as intermediate-risk clinical target volumes (CTVn2, about 60 Gy equivalent) for all T and N categories based on these correlations.
Methods:
A total of 1021 consecutive NPC patients with N1-3 stage from January 2012 to December 2020 were reviewed. The lymph node metastasis level of each patient was evaluated according to the updated guidelines proposed in 2013. According to the distribution pattern of lymph node metastasis and the anatomical structure in the PLV region, the boundaries of PLV region was delineated, and whether it is appropriate to cover the bilateral level Va as CTVn2 for all the NPC patients was further discussed.
Results:
The cranial boundary of PLV region is the caudal border of cricoid cartilage, the caudal boundary is the plane serratus anterior muscle begins to appear, the anterior boundary is the anterior border of trapezius, and the posterior boundary is the convergence of levator scapulae and trapezius. Laterally, the PLV region is limited by the medial edge of trapezius and medially by the lateral surface of levator scapulae. The nodal spread in level Va is based on the lymph node metastasis of level IIb in NPC.
Conclusions:
The PLV region is a missing NNL of head and neck tumors, especially in NPC. The proposed boundaries of the PLV region can provide a preliminary proposal for the further revision of NNL in head and neck tumors. It is theoretically feasible to reduce the prophylactic irradiation dose of the bilateral level Va in patients with N0 stage or with isolated metastases in level VIIa.
A multi-label classification approach via hierarchical multi-label classification
Authors: Ferrandin Mauri , Cerri Ricardo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Multi-label classification (MLC) is a very explored field in recent years. The most common approaches that deal with MLC problems are classified into two groups: (i) problem transformation which aims to adapt the multi-label data, making the use of traditional binary or multiclass classification algorithms feasible, and (ii) algorithm adaptation which focuses on modifying algorithms used into binary or multiclass classification, enabling them to make multi-label predictions. Several approaches have been proposed aiming to explore the relationships among the labels, with some of them through the transformation of a flat multi-label label space into a hierarchical multi-label label space, creating a tree-structured label taxonomy and inducing a hierarchical multi-label classifier to solve the classification problem. This paper presents a novel method in which a label hierarchy structured as a directed acyclic graph (DAG) is created from the multi-label label space, taking into account the label co-occurrences using the notion of closed frequent labelset. With this, it is possible to solve an MLC task as if it was a hierarchical multi-label classification (HMC) task. Global and local HMC approaches were tested with the obtained label hierarchies and compared with the approaches using tree-structured label hierarchies showing very competitive results. The main advantage of the proposed approach is better exploration and representation of the relationships between labels through the use of DAG-structured taxonomies, improving the results. Experimental results over 32 multi-label datasets from different domains showed that the proposed approach is better than related approaches in most of the multi-label evaluation measures. Moreover, we found that both tree and in specially DAG-structured label hierarchies combined with a local hierarchical classifier are more suitable to deal with imbalanced multi-label datasets.
Enhanced removal of phosphorus in sludge dewatering filtrate with steel slag: Using surface modification and carbon dioxide stripping
Authors: Kim Kyougnwoo , Kim Junghyeon , Choi Hyoyoung , Lee Sojeong , Byun Imgyu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The objective of this study was to enhance the phosphorus (P) removal performance of raw steel slag (RS) using surface modification and CO2 stripping methods. To reduce the alkalinity of the wastewater, CO2 stripping was performed through pH adjustment. To reduce the effect of the crystal barrier, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was used for increase in the specific surface area of RS. As the alkalinity was reduced through CO2 stripping, the P removal efficiency (PRE) improved by approximately 40%. It was shown that slag surface modification using CNTs PRE by approximately 25%. RS to which both methods, CO2 stripping and surface modification, were applied had a P removal capacity approximately 2.1 times higher than that of RS. When sludge dewatering filtrate was treated using RS, PRE was found to be approximately 34% higher than that of RS. In addition, it could be applied in a continuous process because surface modification has a sustainable effect in batch series tests. The P removal performance of the RS filter is mainly influenced by alkalinity and chemical clogging. Few studies have simultaneously considered these two factors to improve the performance of P removal. In this study, improved methods were suggested through CO2 stripping and surface modification using CNTs, and their applicability to sludge dewatering filtrate was confirmed.
Comparison of parental and practitioner’s acceptance for dental treatment under general anaesthesia in paediatric patients
Authors: Talab Yassamin Djalali , Geibel Margrit-Ann 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
AIM Practitioner`s knowledge and parental perspectives on dental general anaesthesia (GA) have been surveyed separately in the past. But in daily routine both need to collaborate for the benefit of the child. The aim of this paper was to compare parental and practitioner’s acceptance of GA with special focus on identifying factors which influence their differences in decision making. MATERIAL AND METHODS Questionnaires were conducted among 142 participants in a specialized paediatric dental clinic in Germany from February 2020 to February 2021. Data collection included: age, gender, experience with GA, fear of GA, risk evaluation and indications for GA. RESULTS There were no gender related differences in decision making. Emotional factors are present in parents of younger children. Parents are more likely to express fear and uncertainty regarding GA than dentists. Prior experience with GA significantly decreases fears in GA for parents. Both agree that extent of the treatment and low compliance are a suitable indication for GA. Dentists are more likely to accept GA due to a mental disability than parents. Parents were more likely to accept GA than dentists when multiple extractions were needed (regardless of compliance) or acute pain was present. CONCLUSION Practitioners should discuss the actual risks of GA as well as alternatives when educating about GA to help parents in their decision making. Emotional aspects in their pre-treatment consultation should be considered. To improve decision-making reliability, guidelines provided by health authorities are a reasonable aid.
Clinical outcomes of concomitant use of proton pump inhibitors and regorafenib in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: a multicenter study
Authors: Yekedüz Emre , Özbay Mehmet Fatih , Çağlayan Dilek , Yıldırım Atila , Erol Cihan , Yıldırım Hasan Çağrı , Tunç Sezai , Özyurt Neslihan , Özdemir Feyyaz , Şendur Mehmet Ali Nahit , Işıkdoğan Abdurrahman , Kılıçkap Saadettin , Ürün Yüksel , Yalçın Şuayib , Artaç Mehmet , Coşkun Hasan Şenol , Utkan Güngör 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
AimTo compare survival outcomes, response rates, and adverse events (AEs) in proton pump inhibitor (PPI) user and non-user patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated with regorafenib.MethodsWe included 272 patients with mCRC treated with regorafenib in this study. Patientswere divided into two categories according to their status of PPI use. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). The secondary endpoints were time to treatment failure (TTF), response rates, and safety. To exclude immortal time bias in survival analyses, we compared PPI non-user patients and all patients.ResultsThere were 141 and 131 patients in the PPI non-user and user groups. Baseline characteristics were similar in each group. Pantoprazole was the most used PPI. At the median 35.2 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 32.6-37.9) months follow-up, the median OS was similar in PPI non-user and all patients (6.9 months (95% CI: 5.3-8.5) and 7.7 months (95% CI:6.6-8.8), p = 0.913). TTF was also similar in PPI non-user and all patients (3.3 months (95% CI:2.7-3.9) and 3.5 months (95% CI:3.0-4.0), p = 0.661). In multivariable analysis, no statistically significant difference was observed between PPI user and non-user groups in OS and TTF (Hazard Ratio (HR):0.99, 95% CI:0.77-1.28, p =0.963 for OS; HR:0.93, 0.77-1.20, p=0.598 for TTF). The objective response rates (ORR) were similar in the PPI non-user and user groups (19.8% and 16.8%, p=0.455). The rates of any grade AEs were also similar in each group.ConclusionThis study showed that PPI was not associated with worse survival outcomes and safety profile in patients with mCRC treated with regorafenib.
Whole-exome sequencing identified a novel missense variant in the connexin 46 (GJA3) gene causing congenital cataract in an Iranian pedigree
Authors: Ranjbarrad Sanaz , Jebelli Asiyeh , Sadeghi Faegheh , Sehrig Fatemeh Zeinali , Fallah Mohammad-Sadegh , Bagherian Hamideh , Shirzadeh Tina , Motlagh Fatemeh Zafarghandi , Emrahi Leila 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Congenital cataract (CC) is the most common reason for visual loss and blindness at birth or early childhood worldwide. The autosomal dominant (AD) inheritance is reported as the most frequent transmission pattern for CC. Connexin 46 (Cx46 coded by GJA3 gene) belongs to the gap junction proteins family which has the main function in the cell communication system of the eye lens. Methods: In the present research, whole-exome sequencing (WES) was done for proband diagnosed by CC, and Co-segregation analysis using Sanger sequencing was performed for the candidate variant on healthy and affected family members. The candidate variant was analyzed with appropriate bioinformatics software and then classified according to the ACMG guideline. Results: WES analysis of proband recognized a novel heterozygous c.146 A>C (p.Q49P) variant in the exon 2 of the GJA3 gene leading to the substitution of a highly conserved Glutamine by Proline at codon 49. The linkage of CC with this variant was observed for three generations in a proband family with AD inheritance. This variant is located on phylogenetically conserved extracellular loop E1 of protein. Extracellular loops play the main role to mediate hemichannel docking between connexons and regulating voltage gating of the channel. Conclusion: Our finding emphasized the role of Cx46 in the pathogenesis of ADCC and the extended mutation spectrum of the GJA3 gene in association with CC.
The prevalence of mental ill-health in women during pregnancy and after childbirth during the Covid-19 pandemic: a Systematic Review and Meta- analysis
Authors: Delanerolle Gayathri , McCauley Mary , Hirsch Martin , Zheng Yutian , Cong Xu , Cavalini Heitor , Sajid Sana , Shetty Ashish , Rathod Shanaya , Shi Jian Qing , Hapangama Dharani K , Phiri Peter 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is a respiratory disease which causes coronavirus and has given rise to the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), SARS-CoV in Hong Kong and SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). COVID-19, to date, has had the highest morbidity and mortality rates globally, thus reaching the pandemic status. Whilst research has explored the impact of pandemic on general wellbeing, there appears to be a paucity on its association with women’s mental health, with many pregnant women reporting the pandemic negatively impacted their mental health. This study aims to explore the prevalence of the impact of the COVID-19, MERS and SARS pandemics on the mental health of pregnant women. A study protocol was developed and published in PROSPERO (CRD42021235356) to explore several key objectives. A literature search was carried out and identified 316 studies. A meta-analysis was conducted to report the findings. There were no studies reporting the mental health impact due to MERS and SARS. Results showed that women who were pregnant or had just given birth displayed various symptoms of poor mental health including those relating to depression (24.9%), anxiety (32.8%), stress (29.44%), Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) (27.93%), and sleep disorders (24.38%) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The importance of managing mental health during pregnancy and after-delivery improves the quality of life and wellbeing of mothers hence developing an evidence-based approached as part of pandemic preparedness would improve mental health during challenging times.
Comparison of gastric reactance with commonly used perfusion markers in a swine hypovolemic shock model.
Authors: Godinez-Garcia Maria de Montserrat , Soto-Mota Adrian , Catrip Jorge , Gaitan Ruben , Lespron Ma del C. , Molina Francisco J. , Falcón Miguel A. , Aranda Alberto , Tena Carlos A. , Zamudio Pedro , Briseño Ivan , Alvarez Rolando , Guillen Yazmin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: The gut has been hypothesized to be a protagonist tissue in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) for the past three decades. Gastric reactance (XL) is a potential perfusion marker derived from gastric impedance spectroscopy (GIS), which is an emerging tool through which living tissue can be continuously measured to determine its pathophysiological evolution. This study aimed to compare the performance of XL (positive predictive values (PPV), negative predictive values (NPV), and area-under-the-curve (AUC)) against commonly-used perfusion markers before and during hypovolemic shock in swine subjects. Methods: Prospective, controlled animal trial with two groups, control group (CG) N=5 and shock (MAP ≤ 48 mmHg) group (SG) N= 16. Comparison time points were defined as T-2 (two hours before shock), T-1 (one hour before shock), T0 (shock), T1 (one hour after shock), T2 (two hours after shock). Shock severity was assessed through blood gases, systemic and hemodynamic variables, and via histological examination for assessing inflammation-oedema, and detachment in the gastric mucosa. Macroscopic assessment of the gastric mucosa was defined in five levels (0 - normal mucosa, 1 -stippling or epithelial haemorrhage, 2 - pale mucosa, 3 - violet mucosa, and 4 - marmoreal mucosa). Receiver Operating Curves (ROC) of perfusion markers and XL were calculated to identify optimal cut-off values and their individual ability to predict hypovolemic shock. Results: Comparison among CG and SG shows statistically significant differences in XL measurements at T-1, T0, T1 and T2, while lactate showed statistically significant differences until T1 and T2. Statistically significant differences were detected in mucosa class p<0.001 and in inflammation-oedema in the gastric body and fundus (p=0.021 and p=0.043). The performance of the minimum XL value per event and subject (XL_Min) was better (0.81 ≤ AUC ≤ 0.96, 0.93 ≤ PPV ≤ 1.00, 0.45 ≤ NPV ≤ 0.83) than maximum lactate value (Lac_Max) per event and subject (0.29 ≤ AUC ≤ 0.82, 0.82 ≤ PPV ≤ 0.91, 0.24 ≤ NPV ≤ 0.82). The optimal cut-off values of XL_Min show a progressive increase at each timepoint, while Lac_Max increases only at T2. Conclusions: XL proved to be an indirect and consistent marker of inadequate gastric mucosal perfusion, which shows significant and detectable changes before commonly-used markers of global perfusion under the hypovolemic shock conditions outlined in this work.
MicroRNA-543 controls pancreatic cancer development by LINC00847-microRNA-543-STK31 axis
Authors: Liu Yan , Wei Jun , Wang Chao , Luo Duqiang , Zhao Xiaoling , hou ruizhi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most malignant cancers of the gastro-intestinal tract. However, the study of targeted immunity in pancreatic cancer is not very thorough. Therefore, targeted molecular markers are needed to solve the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Methods
In our research, we investigated the biological functions and molecular mechanism of microRNA-543 in PC. qRT-PCR and western blotting (WB) was utilized to test the transcription of microRNA-543, STK31, and LINC00847 in BxPC-3 as well as PANC-1cells. Then CCK-8, Trans-well, colony formation assay and flow cytometry assay were utilized to detect cell growth in cell number, migration, invasion and apoptosis, WB and FISH were utilized to evaluate the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and cellular subcellular localization. RIP, double luciferase report and RNA-pull down assay were utilized to determine targeting relationship between microRNA-543 and STK31 or microRNA-543-LINC00847.
Results
While microRNA-543 transcription was discovered to be low in PC, LINC00847 and STK31 were overexpressed at significant levels. MicroRNA-543 knockdown dramatically increased PC cell growth in cell number, invasion, metastasis, and EMT, as well as decreased apoptosis, in functional research. Furthermore, microRNA-543 and STK31 are mutually targeted. LINC00847 worked as a molecular absorbent for microRNA-543, and a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for STK31, increasing STK-31 transcription.
Conclusions
We believe that microRNA-543, through the LINC00847-microRNA-543-STK31 axis, plays a role in the development of PC and that it is a tumor suppressor as well. As a result, MicroRNA-543 may prove to be an impactive diagnostic and therapeutic target in this illness.
Real-time three-dimensional fluoroscopy-navigated percutaneous pelvic screw placement for fragility fractures of the pelvis in the hybrid operating room
Authors: Takaesu Mika , Nakasone Satoshi , Miyata Yoshihide , Nishida Kotaro 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background:
The prognosis of conservative treatment for fragility fractures of the pelvis (FFP) among the elderly remains poor. However, the percutaneous pelvic screw placement (PPSP) in FFP is close to the neuroforamen and blood vessels, making the procedure under fluoroscopy difficult and unsafe. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the accuracy and clinical outcomes of PPSP using real-time 3D fluoroscopic navigation for FFP in the hybrid operating room.
Methods:
This study included 41 patients with FFP who underwent PPSP in a hybrid operating room between April 2016 and December 2020. Intraoperative C-arm cone-beam CT was performed under general anesthesia. Guidewire trajectory was planned using needle guidance system. The guidewire was inserted along the overlaid trajectory using 3Dfluoroscopic navigation, and a 6.5 mm CCS was placed. The clinical outcomes and accuracy of the screw placement were then investigated.
Results:
A total of 121 screws were placed. The mean operative time was 84 ± 38.7 minutes, and the mean blood loss was 7.6 ± 3.8 mL. The mean time to wheelchair transfer was 2 days postoperatively. Pain was relieved in 34 patients. Gait ability from preoperative and latest follow-up after surgery was maintained in 30 (73%) patients. all 41 patients achieved bone union. Of the 121 screws, 119 were grade 0 with no misplacement; only 2 patients had grade 1 perforations.
Conclusion:
PPSP using real-time 3D fluoroscopic navigation in a hybrid operating room was accurate and useful for early mobilization and pain relief among elderly patients with FFP without necessary of an additional navigational system.
Development of a chub mackerel with less-aggressive fry stage by genome editing of arginine vasotocin receptor V1a2
Authors: Ohga Hirofumi , Koki Shibata , Sakanoue Ryo , Ogawa Takuma , Kitano Hajime , Kai Satoshi , Ohta Kohei , Nagano Naoki , Nagasako Tomoya , Uchida Seiichi , Sakuma Tetsushi , Yamamoto Takashi , Kim Sangwan , Tashiro Kosuke , Kuhara Satoru , Gen Koichiro , Fujiwara Atushi , Kazeto Yukinori , Kobayashi Takanori , Matsuyama Michiya 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Genome editing is a technology that can remarkably accelerate crop and animal breeding via artificial induction of desired traits with high accuracy. This study aimed to develop a chub mackerel variety with reduced aggression using an experimental system that enables stable genome editing. Sexual maturation and control of spawning season and time were technologically facilitated by controlling the photoperiod and water temperature of the rearing tank. In addition, appropriate low-temperature treatment conditions for delaying cleavage, shape of the glass capillary, and injection site were examined in detail in order to develop an efficient and robust microinjection system for the study. An arginine vasotocin receptor V1a2 (V1a2) knockout (KO) strain of chub mackerel was developed in order to reduce the frequency of cannibalistic behavior at the fry stage. Video data analysis using bioimage informatics quantified the frequency of aggressive behavior, indicating a significant 46% reduction (P = 0.0229) in the frequency of cannibalistic behavior than in wild type. Furthermore, in the V1a2 KO strain, the frequency of collisions with the wall and oxygen consumption also decreased. Overall, the manageable and calm phenotype reported here can potentially contribute to the development of a stable and sustainable marine product.
The burden and trends of multiple myeloma worldwide from 1990 to 2019
Authors: Ou Zejin , Gao Yunxia , Yu Danfeng , Jiang Diwei , Cui Jiaxin , Zhang Yuxia , Tang Shihao , Duan Danping , Wang Zhi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a common malignant disease of the bone marrow. The burden and trends of MM were systematically analyzed globally, which would inform health strategies.Methods: Data of the MM burden was explored from the Global Burden of Disease 2019. Trends in the age-standardized rate (ASR) of the MM burden were calculated using estimated annual percentage change (EAPC). Results: Globally, the incident cases of MM increased 136.10% since 1990, and reached 1556.88×102 in 2019. The overall incident ASR (/100,000 population) increased from 1.73 in 1990 to 1.92 in 2019, by an annual average 0.25% increase over the past thirty years (EAPC = 0.25, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.15 to 0.35). Increasing incident trends also occurred in most regions and countries, particularly Jamaica and Belarus, in which the respective EAPCs were 4.15 (95%CI: 3.41 to 4.90) and 3.25 (95%CI: 2.99 to 3.51). In 2019, MM caused 1134.74×102 deaths, and 24972.05×102 disability adjusted-life years (DALYs) globally. Trends in the overall ASR of DALYs minorly declined from 1990 to 2019 (EAPC = -0.16, 95%CI: -0.23 to -0.09), whereas that of death was relatively stable. Increasing trends in ASR of death and DALYs were observed in most regions and countries, except in high sociodemographic index (SDI) settings. Conclusions: The MM burden was heterogeneous across regions and countries and its changing trends were associated with sociodemographic factors. Cost-effective measures will still be needed to reduce the MM burden.