bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparisons of Three Measures of Maternal Engagement Activities in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Greenfield Jennifer C. , Weikel Blair W. , Bourque Stephanie L. , Hwang Sunah S. , Klawetter Susanne , Roybal Kristi L. , Palau Mauricio A. , Scott Jessica , Shah Pari , Brown Kyria , Neu Madalynn 
Published: February 2022

Background
Mothers’ engagement with their hospitalized preterm infant(s) is recognized as an important aspect of treatment in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). However, no gold standard exists for measuring maternal engagement, and the various methods used to measure mothers’ time have documented limitations.

Objectives
This study sought to compare three measurement methods of maternal engagement (a five-item maternal cross-sectional survey, time use diaries, and electronic health records [EHRs]) to identify whether these methods capture consistent data and patterns in detected differences in measures of engagement.

Methods
Maternal engagement was defined as time spent visiting the infant in the NICU (presence), holding (blanket holding in the mother’s arms or by kangaroo care [KC]), and caregiving (e.g., bathing and changing diapers). The survey estimating daily maternal engagement was administered in two Level III NICUs and one Level IV NICU at study enrollment, at least 2 weeks after admission. Mothers then completed the daily time use diaries until infant discharge. Data were also collected from participants’ EHRs, charted by nursing staff. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used for pairwise analysis of the three measures for maternal engagement activities.

Results
A total of 146 participants had data across all three measurement types and were included in the analysis. In the Level III NICUs (n = 101), EHR data showed significantly more time spent with all engagement activities than the diary data. In the Level IV data, only differences in time holding were significant when comparing EHR data with survey data, with mothers reporting more time doing KC and less time blanket holding. Comparison of EHR data with diary data showed more time in all activities except KC.

Discussion
In most cases, time spent in engagement activities measured in the EHR was higher than in the surveys or time use diaries. Accuracy of measurements could not be determined because of limitations in data collection, and there is no gold standard for comparison. Nevertheless, findings contribute to ongoing efforts to develop the most valuable and accurate strategies for measuring maternal engagement—a significant predictor of maternal and infant health.
Tripartite Analysis
Authors: Younas Ahtisham , Sundus Amara 
Published: February 2022

Background
Effective data integration is a daunting task in mixed methods research. Several frameworks for data integration exist, but the choice of and the technique for integration depend upon the research question and design. Innovative integration techniques continuously need to be developed to tackle the integration challenge and provide alternative ways for researchers to generate plausible mixed meta-inferences.

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to describe a new data analysis technique, tripartite analysis (TriPA), and illustrate its use in a convergent mixed-methods study.

Methods
This technique was developed based on a convergent mixed-methods study underpinned by dialectical pluralism aimed to understand Pakistani nursing students’ perspectives about compassion and compassionate care and how these perspectives are consistent with the conceptualizations of compassion in nursing literature.

Results
TriPA entails analysis and integration using joint displays at three levels: case-by-case integrated analysis, separate and then merged quantitative and qualitative analysis, and comparative and integrated analysis of Levels I and II findings.

Discussion
TriPA can enable researchers to develop a more nuanced understanding of a given phenomenon through integration at various levels by identifying linkages within cases and across the whole data set and recognizing relational connections and emerging patterns.
Sleep Characteristics, Mood, Somatic Symptoms, and Self-Care Among People With Heart Failure and Insomnia
Authors: Breazeale Stephen , Jeon Sangchoon , Hwang Youri , O’Connell Meghan , Nwanaji-Enwerem Uzoji , Linsky Sarah , Yaggi H. Klar , Jacoby Daniel L. , Conley Samantha , Redeker Nancy S. 
Published: February 2022

Background
Almost 50% of people with heart failure (HF) experience chronic insomnia and must perform self-care to manage their day-to-day healthcare needs. Understanding multifactorial influences on self-care, including demographic, clinical, and sleep characteristics, and mood and somatic symptoms will help identify people at highest risk for poor self-care. However, past research focused only on the associations of single symptoms and self-care. Multivariate approaches are needed to account for the synergistic associations of self-care with sleep, mood, and somatic symptoms among people with HF.

Objectives
The aims of the study were to (a) evaluate the levels of self-care maintenance and self-care confidence among people with stable HF and chronic insomnia; (b) identify the clinical and demographic correlates of self-care maintenance and confidence among people with stable HF and chronic insomnia; and (c) identify the associations between sleep characteristics, mood and somatic symptoms, and self-care maintenance and confidence among people with stable HF and chronic insomnia.

Methods
We utilized a cross-sectional design with 195 adult participants who had chronic HF and insomnia. We assessed for symptoms of anxiety; depression; dyspnea; fatigue; stress; insomnia severity; and sleep disturbance, impairment, and quality. Self-care was measured using the Self-Care for Heart Failure Index v6.2. We used generalized linear models to test the associations between the demographic and clinical factors and self-care maintenance and confidence; exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to identify the factor structure underlying the symptoms; and structural equation modeling to test the combined associations of the demographic and clinical factors and latent factors with self-care maintenance and confidence.

Results
Self-care maintenance, confidence, and management were inadequate in most participants. We identified three latent factors among the nine symptoms: “sleep characteristics,” “mood,” and “somatic symptoms.” In the structural equation model, “sleep characteristics,” White race, and having a left ventricular ejection fraction of <45 were associated with self-care maintenance. Age was negatively associated with self-care confidence.

Discussion
Poor sleep characteristics negatively influence the ability of people with HF and insomnia to perform self-care behaviors. Knowledge of the associations among age, left ventricular ejection fraction, and race with self-care will help clinicians and future researchers identify those at risk for poor self-care.
Clinical Report: Experiences of a Driver with Vision Impairment when Using a Tesla Car
Authors: Xu Jing , Kendrick Karen , Bowers Alex R. 
Published: February 2022

SIGNIFICANCE
Assisted and autonomous driving technologies may be a new paradigm shift for the driving rehabilitation field to enable less restricted driving, increase driving confidence, and maintain driving safety for drivers with vision impairment.

PURPOSE
This study aimed to document how a driver with vision impairment uses assistance and automation systems in a Tesla car based on real-world experiences of using these technologies.

METHODS
A 53-year-old man with Stargardt disease and 20/182 visual acuity self-explored the use of driver assistance technologies, which resulted in purchasing a Tesla Model Y with the full self-driving package in 2020. Two semistructured interviews were administered to quantify the driver's driving habits, adaptive strategies, use of the assisted and semiautonomous driving features in the Tesla car, and use of his bioptic telescope.

RESULTS
When driving a Tesla car, the patient developed new driving strategies by codriving with different assisted and semiautonomous functions (e.g., Traffic-Aware Cruise Control, Traffic Light and Stop Sign Control, Autopilot) in different road environments. He shifted his main task from active driving to supervising the car automation systems in most driving situations. He also integrated a new use of his bioptic telescope to support him with monitoring the road environment before granting permission to the automated systems for car maneuver changes. The patient reported that driving confidence greatly increased and that he is able to drive more often and in situations that he would otherwise avoid because of difficulties related to his vision.

CONCLUSIONS
This clinical report demonstrates how assisted and semiautonomous driving systems in a Tesla car were used to support daily driving by a driver with vision impairment. Codriving with these systems allows him to confidently drive more often and to avoid less situations than he used to.
Monocular Perception of Equidistance: The Effects of Viewing Experience and Motion-generated Information
Authors: Chen Shenying , Li Yusi , Pan Jing Samantha 
Published: February 2022

SIGNIFICANCE
Using static depth information, normal observers monocularly perceived equidistance with high accuracy. With dynamic depth information and/or monocular viewing experience, they perceived with high precision. Therefore, monocular patients, who were adapted to monocular viewing, should be able to perceive equidistance and perform related tasks.

PURPOSE
This study investigated whether normal observers could accurately and precisely perceive equidistance with one eye, in different viewing environments, with various optical information and monocular viewing experience.

METHODS
Sixteen normally sighted observers monocularly perceived the distance (5 to 30 m) between a target and the self and replicated it either in some hallways that contained ample static monocular depth information but had a limited field of view or on a lawn that contained less depth information but had a large field of view. Participants remained stationary or walked 5 m before performing the task, as a manipulation of the availability of dynamic depth information. Eight observers wore eye patches for 3 hours before the experiment and gained monocular viewing experience, whereas the others did not. Both accuracy and precision were measured.

RESULTS
As long as static monocular depth information was available, equidistance perception was effectively accurate, despite minute underestimation. Perception precision was improved by prior monocular walking and/or experience with monocularity. Accuracy and precision were not affected by the viewing environments.

CONCLUSIONS
Using static and dynamic monocular depth information and/or with monocular experience, normal observers judged equidistance with reliable accuracy and precision. This implied that patients with monocular vision, who are better adapted than participants of this study, should also be able to perceive equidistance and perform distance-dependent tasks in natural viewing environments.
Case Series: Underdiagnosis of Ocular and Oculocutaneous Rosacea in an African American Pediatric Population
Authors: Bass Olivia , Crane Danielle 
Published: February 2022

SIGNIFICANCE
As the global multiracial population grows, this case series highlights the current underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis of ocular and oculocutaneous rosacea and the importance of properly identifying the condition in a darkly pigmented pediatric population.

PURPOSE
This series aims to report the clinical presentation of ocular and oculocutaneous rosacea and adverse sequelae of misdiagnosis in two pediatric African American patients.

CASE REPORT
One 11-year-old boy and one 10-year-old girl, both darkly pigmented African American patients, presented with a history of chronic ocular irritation. The male patient was seen by an eye care provider eight times over the past 7 years for recurrent anterior ocular inflammation. The female patient presented to the clinic with chronic anterior segment ocular inflammation for 1 year. Both patients were previously treated for their acute signs and symptoms. The male patient was diagnosed with ocular rosacea, and the female patient was diagnosed with oculocutaneous rosacea. Both patients were subsequently treated for their underlying inflammatory condition, yielding an improvement in their ocular health.

CONCLUSIONS
These two cases bring attention to the underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis of ocular and oculocutaneous rosacea in pediatric patients with darkly pigmented skin. Timely and accurate diagnosis is critical to minimize the risk of significant visual and dermatological sequelae.
Pediatric Urgent Care Center Management of Traumatic Injuries in Infants and Children
Authors: Chardavoyne Paige C. , Montgomery Emily J. , Montalbano Amanda , Olympia Robert P. 
Published: February 2022

Objectives
To determine pediatric urgent care (PUC) clinician adherence to evidence-based practice guidelines in the management of pediatric trauma and to evaluate PUC emergency preparedness for conditions such as severe hemorrhage.

Methods
A questionnaire covering acute management of 15 pediatric traumatic injuries, awareness of the Stop the Bleed initiative, and presence of emergency equipment and medications was electronically distributed to members of the Society for Pediatric Urgent Care. Clinician management decisions were evaluated against evidence-based practice guidelines.

Results
Eighty-three completed questionnaires were returned (25% response rate). Fifty-three physician and 25 advanced practice provider (APP) questionnaires were analyzed. Most respondents were adherent to evidence-based practice guidelines in the following scenarios: cervical spine injury; head injury without neurologic symptoms; blunt abdominal injury; laceration without bleeding, foreign body, or signs of infection; first-degree burn; second-degree burn with less than 10% total body surface area; animal bite with and without probable tenosynovitis; and orthopedic fractures. Fever respondents were adherent in the following scenarios: head injury with altered mental status (adherence: physicians, 64%; APPs, 44%) and laceration with foreign body and persistent hemorrhage (adherence: physicians, 52%; APPs, 41%). Most respondents (56%) were unaware of Stop the Bleed and only 48% reported having a bleeding control kit/tourniquet at their urgent care.

Conclusions
Providers in our sample demonstrated adherence with pediatric trauma evidence-based practice guidelines. Increased PUC provider trauma care certification, PUC incorporation of Stop the Bleed education, and PUC presence of equipment and medications would further improve emergency preparedness.
Promoting Acceptance and Adherence to Noninvasive Ventilation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Volpato Eleonora , Banfi Paolo , Pagnini Francesco 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective
People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may suffer from anxiety, depression, low quality of life, and cognitive deficits that could play a role in their clinical conditions. These situations could be worsened during the adaptation process to a new treatment such as noninvasive ventilation (NIV), which is often rejected or inappropriately used. The study aimed to analyze the impact of a brief psychological support intervention on adherence to NIV among patients with COPD.

Methods
A two-branch randomized controlled trial was conducted on 90 patients with COPD who had an indication for NIV. The experimental group received cognitive behavioral therapy support, including counseling, relaxation, and mindfulness-based exercises. Controls received standard care and watched educational videos. The course had been structured for four to eight meetings at the hospital, at home, and/or via telemedicine.

Results
The psychological intervention was related to improvements in both adherence to NIV (F(304) = 19.054, p < .001) and quality of life (F(156) = 10.264, p = .002) after eight meetings from baseline compared with the control group. Results indicated a significant change in the quality of life also over time (F(71.480) = 8.114, p = .006).

Conclusions
The findings suggest that the psychological intervention is an appropriate treatment for acceptance of and adherence to NIV in COPD in clinical practice and highlight the importance of determining the underlying reasons for NIV use.

Trial Registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02499653.
First whole-genome sequence of Cervid atadenovirus A outside of the United States from an Adenoviral hemorrhagic disease epizootic of black-tailed deer in Canada
Authors: Lung Oliver , Fisher Mathew , Nebroski Michelle , McGregor Glenna , Schwantje Helen , Joseph Tomy 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTA complete 30,616 nucleotide Cervid atadenovirus A genome was determined from tissues of a black-tailed deer that died in 2020 in British Columbia, Canada. Unique, non-synonymous SNPs in the E1B, Iva2 and E4.3 coding regions, and deletions totalling 74 nucleotides not observed in moose and red deer isolates were present.
Having the ‘right’ microbiome matters for host trait expression and the strength of mutualism between duckweeds and microbes
Authors: O’Brien Anna M. , Laurich Jason , Frederickson Megan E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAn organism’s phenotypes and fitness often depend on interactive effects of its genome (Ghost), microbiome (Gmicrobe), and environment (E). These G xG, G xE, and G xG xE effects fundamentally shape host-microbiome (co)evolution and may be widespread, but are rarely compared within a single experiment. We collected and cultured Lemna minor (duckweed) and its associated microbiome from 10 sites across an urban-to-rural ecotone. We factorially manipulated host genotype and microbiome in two environments (low and high zinc, an urban aquatic stressor) in an experiment with 200 treatments: 10 host genotypes × 10 microbiomes × 2 environments. Host genotype explained the most variation in L. minor fitness and traits, while microbiome effects depended on host genotype (G xG) or environment (G xE). Hosts had higher fitness and microbes grew fastest when tested microbiomes more closely matched field microbiomes, suggesting some local adaptation between hosts and their microbiota. High microbiome similarity also led to more predictable host trait expression. In contrast, although zinc decreased host fitness, we observed no local adaptation of urban duckweed or microbes to high-zinc conditions. Thus, we found that host fitness and trait expression are contingent on microbiome composition, with implications for microbiome engineering and host-microbiome evolution.
Increased prevalence of a frontoparietal brain state is associated with better motor recovery after stroke affecting dominant-hand corticospinal tract
Authors: Olafson Emily , Russello Georgia , Jamison Keith W , Liu Hesheng , Wang Danhong , Bruss Joel E , Boes Aaron D , Kuceyeski Amy 
Published: February 2022

AbstractStrokes cause lesions that damage brain tissue, disrupt normal brain activity patterns and can lead to impairments in motor function. Although modulation of cortical activity is central to stimulation-based rehabilitative therapies, aberrant and adaptive patterns of brain activity after stroke have not yet been fully characterized. Here, we apply a brain dynamics analysis approach to study longitudinal brain activity patterns in individuals with ischemic pontine stroke. We first found 4 commonly occurring brain states largely characterized by high amplitude activations in the visual, frontoparietal, default mode, and motor networks. Stroke subjects spent less time in the frontoparietal state compared to controls. For individuals with dominant-hand CST damage, more time spent in the frontoparietal state from 1 week to 3-6 months post-stroke was associated with better motor recovery over the same time period, an association which was independent of baseline impairment. Furthermore, the amount of time spent in brain states was linked empirically to functional connectivity. This work suggests that when the dominant-hand CST is compromised in stroke, resting state configurations may include increased activation of the frontoparietal network, which may facilitate compensatory neural pathways that support recovery of motor function when traditional motor circuits of the dominant-hemisphere are compromised.
Genetic and microbial diversity of the invasive mosquito vector speciesCulex tritaeniorhynchusacross its extensive inter-continental geographic range
Authors: Jeffries Claire L. , Tantely Luciano M. , Kadriaj Perparim , Blagrove Marcus S. C. , Lytra Ioanna , Orsborne James , Al-Amin Hasan M. , Mohammed Abdul Rahim , Alam Mohammad Shafiul , Girod Romain , Afrane Yaw A. , Bino Silvia , Robert Vincent , Boyer Sebastien , Baylis Matthew , Velo Enkelejda , Hughes Grant L. , Walker Thomas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCulex (Cx.) tritaeniorhynchusis a mosquito species with an extensive and expanding inter-continental geographic distribution, currently reported in over 50 countries, across Asia, Africa, the Middle East, Europe and now Australia. It is an important vector of medical and veterinary concern, capable of transmitting multiple arboviruses which cause significant morbidity and mortality in human and animal populations. In regions endemic for Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in Asia,Cx. tritaeniorhynchusis considered the major vector and this species has also been shown to contribute to the transmission of several other significant zoonotic arboviruses, including Rift Valley fever virus and West Nile virus.Significant variation in vectorial capacity can occur between different vector populations. Obtaining knowledge of a species from across its geographic range is crucial to understanding its significance for pathogen transmission across diverse environments and localities. Vectorial capacity can be influenced by factors including the mosquito genetic background, composition of the microbiota associated with the mosquito and the co-infection of human or animal pathogens. In addition to enhancing information on vector surveillance and potential risks for pathogen transmission, determining the genetic and microbial diversity of distinct populations of a vector species is also critical for the development and application of effective control strategies.In this study, multiple geographically dispersed populations ofCx. tritaeniorhynchusfrom countries within Europe, Africa, Eurasia and Asia were sampled. Molecular analysis demonstrated a high level of genetic and microbial diversity within and between populations, including genetic divergence in the mosquitoCO1gene, as well as diverse microbiomes identified by16S rRNAgene amplicon sequencing. Evidence for the detection of the endosymbiotic bacteriaWolbachiain some populations was confirmed usingWolbachia-specific PCR detection and sequencing ofWolbachiaMLST genes; in addition to PCR-based detection of insect-specific viruses. Laboratory vector competence showedCx. tritaeniorhynchusfrom a Greek population are likely to be competent vectors of JEV. This study expands understanding of the diversity ofCx. tritaeniorhynchusacross its inter-continental range, highlights the need for a greater focus on this invasive vector species and helps to inform potential future directions for development of vector control strategies.