bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immune Characteristics in Biliary Atresia Based on Immune Genes and Immune Cell Infiltration
Authors: Yang Chenyu , Xing Huiwu , Tan Bingqian , Zhang Mingman 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundBiliary atresia (BA) is a serious biliary disease in infancy. Jaundice is the most visual and prominent symptom, and it mainly involves bile duct cells leading to the loss of intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts. If left untreated, it will eventually progress to liver cirrhosis. The pathogenesis of BA is not clear, and it is now generally accepted that BA is an autoimmune disease. However, few studies have revealed the infiltration of immune cells in the liver of BA from a global perspective. We used liver tissue sequencing data to predict the infiltration and relative content of immune cells in BA.MethodsThe BA datasets GSE46960, GSE15235, and GSE84044, and patient information were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. After batch normalization, the differentially expressed immune genes (DE-IGs) in BA liver, normal liver, and hepatitis B liver were analyzed with the cut-off value of |log2fold change (log2FC)| &gt;1 and false discovery rate (FDR) &lt;0.05. CIBERSORT software was used to predict the proportions of 22 immune cells in all samples of the datasets.Results73 DE-IGs have been screened out between BA and normal tissue; among them, 20 genes were highly expressed and another 53 were expressed at a low level. A total of 30 DE-IGs existed between inflammation and fibrosis livers of BA, and all of them were expressed at low levels in fibrosis livers of BA. In GO term analysis, these DE-IGs were mainly associated with the MHC protein complex, cytokine, chemokine activity, and MHC-II receptor activity. In KEGG pathway analysis, the DE-IGs were mainly enriched in pathways of Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation, Th17 cell differentiation, IL-17 signaling pathway, Toll–like receptor signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and autoimmune diseases. There were significant differences in immune infiltration among different pathological types of BA, and there were also obvious differences in immune infiltration of hepatitis B as a disease control of BA.ConclusionBased on immune genes and immune cell infiltration, this study reveals the immune characteristics of BA from a global point of view, which provides a new perspective for understanding the pathogenesis of BA and provides a direction for the diagnosis and treatment of BA.
Neohesperidin Protects Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension and Vascular Remodeling
Authors: Zhang Jingsi , Hui Yuanshu , Liu Fengyi , Yang Qian , Lu Yi , Chang Yeting , Liu Qinlong , Ding Yanchun 
Published: May 2022

Vascular remodeling due to hypertension is one of the major health challenges facing countries around the world. Neohesperidin, a flavonoid glycoside found in citrus fruits, is an antioxidant. Neohesperidin has been studied for a variety of diseases in addition to hypertension. In this study, angiotensin II was used to induce hypertension in mice (490 ng/kg/min, 14 days). We used H&amp;E, Masson, immunofluorescence, dihydroethidine and qPCR to evaluate the effect of Nehesperidin (50 mg/kg/day, 16 days) on pathological hypertension in mice. Estimating the effect of Nehesperidin on human umbilical vein endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells stimulated by angiotensin II. We found that neohesperidin inhibited angiotensin II-induced hypertension in mice. Neohesperidin reduced angiotensin II-induced vascular hypertrophy, fibrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in vivo. Neohesperidin inhibited angiotensin II-induced ROS and DNA damage in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Neohesperidin inhibited angiotensin II-induced migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. The results showed that Nehesperidin acts as an antioxidant and could significantly inhibit angiotensin II induced hypertension and vascular remodeling in vitro and in vivo.
A Theoretical Study of Tunable Brillouin Lasers Based on a Diamond Suspended Waveguide
Authors: Wang Wuyue , Yu Yu , Bai Zhenxu , Li Yunfei , Wang Gong , Li Kai , Song Changyu , Wang Zhiyong , Li Sensen , Li Yuhai , Liu Tongyu , Yan Xiusheng , Wang Yulei , Lu Zhiwei 
Published: May 2022

In this work we detail the design of a novel, hybrid waveguide structure which enables independent control of phonon modes and optomechanical driving forces, thereby yielding customizable Brillouin coupling over a very broad bandwidth. The Brillouin gain reaches 4400 W−1m−1, with tunable phonon frequencies from 1–95 GHz. This hybrid waveguide relies on tuning of its width and enables photon-phonon conversion based on the Brillouin nonlinear effect, and importantly, it can guide and manipulate the phonons emitted by the Brillouin effect on a chip-level device. There is hence excellent potential for this technique to be applied in microwave sources using the on-chip Brillouin photoacoustic coupling mechanism.
Bibliometric Analysis of Quantitative Electroencephalogram Research in Neuropsychiatric Disorders From 2000 to 2021
Authors: Yao Shun , Zhu Jieying , Li Shuiyan , Zhang Ruibin , Zhao Jiubo , Yang Xueling , Wang You 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundWith the development of quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG), an increasing number of studies have been published on the clinical use of QEEG in the past two decades, particularly in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of neuropsychiatric disorders. However, to date, the current status and developing trends of this research field have not been systematically analyzed from a macroscopic perspective. The present study aimed to identify the hot spots, knowledge base, and frontiers of QEEG research in neuropsychiatric disorders from 2000 to 2021 through bibliometric analysis.MethodsQEEG-related publications in the neuropsychiatric field from 2000 to 2021 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC). CiteSpace and VOSviewer software programs, and the online literature analysis platform (bibliometric.com) were employed to perform bibliographic and visualized analysis.ResultsA total of 1,904 publications between 2000 and 2021 were retrieved. The number of QEEG-related publications in neuropsychiatric disorders increased steadily from 2000 to 2021, and research in psychiatric disorders requires more attention in comparison to research in neurological disorders. During the last two decades, QEEG has been mainly applied in neurodegenerative diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, and mental disorders to reveal the pathological mechanisms, assist clinical diagnosis, and promote the selection of effective treatments. The recent hot topics focused on QEEG utilization in neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, traumatic brain injury and related cerebrovascular diseases, epilepsy and seizure, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and other mental disorders like major depressive disorder and schizophrenia. In addition, studies to cross-validate QEEG biomarkers, develop new biomarkers (e.g., functional connectivity and complexity), and extract compound biomarkers by machine learning were the emerging trends.ConclusionThe present study integrated bibliometric information on the current status, the knowledge base, and future directions of QEEG studies in neuropsychiatric disorders from a macroscopic perspective. It may provide valuable insights for researchers focusing on the utilization of QEEG in this field.
Prevalence of Adverse Effects Associated With Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Huashuang Zhang , Yang Li , Chensheng Hou , Jing Xin , Bo Chen , Dongming Zhang , Kangfu Liang , Shi-Bin Wang 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundA growing number of studies have suggested that transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) may represent a novel technique with both investigative and therapeutic potential for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, a full spectrum of the adverse effects (AEs) of TMS used in ASD has not been specifically and systematically evaluated.ObjectiveThis systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the prevalence of AEs related to TMS in ASD and to further explore the potentially related factors on the AEs.MethodsA systematic literature research of articles published before 31 December 2020 was conducted in the databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Ovid, PsycINFO, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chongqing VIP, and WANFANG DATA. AEs reported in the studies were carefully examined and synthesized to understand the safety and tolerability of TMS among ASD. Then, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to examine the potentially related factors on the AEs. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021239827.ResultsEleven studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence with 95% confidence interval (CI) of AEs was calculated (overall AEs: 25%, 95% CI 18–33%; headache: 10%, 95% CI 3–19%; facial discomfort: 15%, 95% CI 4–29%; irritability 21%, 95% CI 8–37%; pain at the application site: 6%, 95% CI 0–19%; headedness or dizziness: 8%, 95% CI 0–23%). All reported AEs were mild and transient with relatively few serious AEs and can be resolved after having a rest or medication. In addition, the following variables showed no significant change in overall prevalence of AEs: the purpose of using TMS, mean age of participants, whether the stimulation site was dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex (DLPFC), intensity of TMS, and the number of stimulation sessions.ConclusionThe overall prevalence of reported AEs of TMS among ASD was 25%. No identified ASD-specific risk factors for TMS-induced AEs were found. Further studies are needed to clarify the variation in the prevalence.Systematic Review Registrationwww.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=239827, PROSPERO, identifier: CRD42021239827.
Early Prediction Model for Critical Illness of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients Based on Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Fu Yacheng , Zhong Weijun , Liu Tao , Li Jianmin , Xiao Kui , Ma Xinhua , Xie Lihua , Jiang Junyi , Zhou Honghao , Liu Rong , Zhang Wei 
Published: May 2022

MotivationPatients with novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) worsen into critical illness suddenly is a matter of great concern. Early identification and effective triaging of patients with a high risk of developing critical illness COVID-19 upon admission can aid in improving patient care, increasing the cure rate, and mitigating the burden on the medical care system. This study proposed and extended classical least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression to objectively identify clinical determination and risk factors for the early identification of patients at high risk of progression to critical illness at the time of hospital admission.MethodsIn this retrospective multicenter study, data of 1,929 patients with COVID-19 were assessed. The association between laboratory characteristics measured at admission and critical illness was screened with logistic regression. LASSO logistic regression was utilized to construct predictive models for estimating the risk that a patient with COVID-19 will develop a critical illness.ResultsThe development cohort consisted of 1,363 patients with COVID-19 with 133 (9.7%) patients developing the critical illness. Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed 28 variables were prognosis factors for critical illness COVID-19 (p &lt; 0.05). Elevated CK-MB, neutrophils, PCT, α-HBDH, D-dimer, LDH, glucose, PT, APTT, RDW (SD and CV), fibrinogen, and AST were predictors for the early identification of patients at high risk of progression to critical illness. Lymphopenia, a low rate of basophils, eosinophils, thrombopenia, red blood cell, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, blood platelet count, and decreased levels of K, Na, albumin, albumin to globulin ratio, and uric acid were clinical determinations associated with the development of critical illness at the time of hospital admission. The risk score accurately predicted critical illness in the development cohort [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.78–0.86], also in the external validation cohort (n = 566, AUC = 0.84).ConclusionA risk prediction model based on laboratory findings of patients with COVID-19 was developed for the early identification of patients at high risk of progression to critical illness. This cohort study identified 28 indicators associated with critical illness of patients with COVID-19. The risk model might contribute to the treatment of critical illness disease as early as possible and allow for optimized use of medical resources.
Vocal Behavior in Spotted Seals (Phoca largha) and Implications for Passive Acoustic Monitoring
Authors: Sills Jillian M. , Reichmuth Colleen 
Published: May 2022

Passive acoustic methods enable remote monitoring of marine species and habitats. These methods can be applied to investigate distribution and abundance of populations, to evaluate behavioral and physiological states of individuals, and to inform management efforts for animals that live in hard-to-reach places. Spotted seals (Phoca largha) inhabit high-latitude, light-limited sub-Arctic and Arctic waters and move seasonally with unstable sea ice. They are high trophic level predators vulnerable to changing conditions associated with environmental warming. At present, an incomplete characterization of the spotted seal vocal repertoire limits our ability to monitor this species acoustically. Captive studies can inform passive acoustic efforts by describing fundamental features of species-typical vocalizations emitted by known individuals. These features include acoustic parameters as well as developmental, seasonal, and sex-specific patterns in vocal behavior. Here, we studied several male spotted seals in captivity from age 6 months through adulthood (10 years). Vocal behavior was scored daily and opportunistically recorded. The production of underwater calls emerged during sexual maturation, at age 4. To evaluate vocal repertoire and fine-scale temporal patterns of sound production in adult seals, an underwater acoustic recorder was continuously deployed with two seals at age 7 years. The spotted seals produced at least eight distinctive underwater call types with dominant energy below 1 kHz. The amplitude of the most common vocalization was ∼140 dB re 1 μPa (sound pressure level at 1 m). There was a marked peak in vocal activity in springtime, prior to onset of the annual molt. This period coincided with increased aggressive behavior, presence of a notable musky odor, and urogenital swelling indicative of heightened reproductive status. These results from developing male spotted seals reared in human care confirm the production of recognizable, stereotypic underwater calls associated with the breeding season. Description of vocal behavior improves knowledge of this species’ biology, and informs the potential use of autonomous acoustic recorders to track the presence and movements of free-ranging spotted seals in remote habitats.
Case Report: An Unusual Case of Nutcracker Syndrome and Literature Review
Authors: Li Lu , Feng Chunyue , Shen Huijun , Zhu Linfeng , Fu Haidong , Chen Zhongyu , Gu Weizhong , Mao Jianhua 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundHematuria is one of the common complaints of patients with kidney disease and often occurs concurrently with proteinuria. Hematuria caused by nutcracker syndrome (NCS) is relatively common, while hematuria caused by type I von Willebrand disease (VWD) is less common.Case PresentationA 12-year-old boy was admitted to our ward due to sudden gross hematuria that had lasted for 4 days. After admission, his gross hematuria lasted for 24 days without remission and was combined with nephrotic-range proteinuria. A series of blood biochemical and urine tests, as well as renal ultrasound, lower abdominal CT angiography, cystoscopy, kidney biopsy, and genetic testing, were completed, and he was eventually diagnosed with NCS combined with type 1 VWD. After nutritional support, oral angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), and plasma infusion treatment, gross hematuria and microhematuria disappeared, proteinuria turned negative, and there was no recurrence during the 10 months of follow-up.ConclusionsNCS and/or VWD may exist in patients with hematuria, and bleeding disorders such as VWD should generally be on the list of suspected diagnoses in patients with hematuria.
The role of the personal proﬁle of an elderly person in making effective communication between a dentist and a patient. Systematic review
Authors: Kudryavtseva T. V. , Tachalov V. V. , Orekhova L. Yu. , Loboda E. S. , Berezkina I. V. , Shashlova N. Yu. 
Published: May 2022

Relevance. The success of medical treatment in the elderly often depends on the doctor’s ability to find an individual approach to a patient, including their personality characteristics, comorbidities and compliance level.Materials and methods. A systematic search of the literature was carried out of studies published between 2000 to 2020 in the online databases: PubMed, Google Search, and eLibrary. The articles were reviewed if the criteria for inclusion and exclusion were met.Results. The primary electronic search found 4,314 studies. Upon removing the duplicates and checking the publications for the title and abstract availability, 1,013 studies were selected, whereas the remaining 3,301 publications were excluded as not meeting the above requirements. Subsequently, in exploring the titles and abstracts, full-text of 509 studies was assessed. Of these, 455 publications were excluded for the lack of doctor-patient interaction evaluation. The systematic review included 54 studies for assessment and numerical comparison in this study.Conclusion. The success of dental treatment in the elderly depends on the patient’s personality profile, their preparedness to follow doctor’s recommendations, and dentist treatment skills and psychological competencies in approaching patients of this age group.
Oral microbial landscape and local defense factors in patients with β-thalassemia major
Authors: Shadlinskaya R. V. 
Published: May 2022

Relevance. Oral microbiocenosis, a multi-component system, has specific characteristics during dental and systemic disease development.Material and methods. The study examined 32 patients with β-thalassemia major and 30 systemically-healthy periodontal patients. The average age of the examined patients was 13-17 years and ≥18 years. We determined the nature of microbiocenosis, which is identified by the spectrum, frequency of occurrence and number of some microorganisms, to establish quantitative and qualitative parameters of normal, commensal and pathogenic oral microorganisms in both groups.Results. Based on the received data, the mixed oral fluid microbiocenosis structure is qualitatively and quantitatively sufficiently stable in practically healthy subjects; microorganisms are represented by four main genera, namely, Lactobacillus spp., Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Enterobacteriaceae. The oral microflora associated with the development of thalassemia undergoes significant pathological changes with the development of systemic and local immune disorders and dysbiosis. Structural analysis of local defense factors and species representatives of microflora in patients with β-thalassemia major showed that salivary flow rate significantly decreases and the commensal and pathogenic microorganism quantitative and qualitative parameters significantly increase, associated with the comorbidity.Conclusion. Salivary flow rate significantly decreases, and quantitative and qualitative parameters of commensal and pathogenic microorganisms increase associated with β-thalassemia major. Such conditions lead to the appearance and development of major dental diseases, including inflammatory periodontal diseases.
Oral fluid cytokine balance characteristics in patients with iron deficiency anemia and inflammatory periodontal diseases
Authors: Abramkina E. S. , Petrova T. G. , Pospelova T. I. , Vanyunina V. V. , Zvereva T. V. 
Published: May 2022

Relevance. Iron deﬁciency anemia (IDA) has various clinical manifestations, including those in the oral cavity, connected with depressed humoral and cell-mediated immunity. However, there is no clear understanding of the character of the cytokine storm in the oral cavity of these patients. Hence, the study aimed to investigate the amount of pro- and anti-inﬂammatory cytokines in the oral cavity of patients with iron-deﬁciency anemia before and after iron therapy.Material and Methods. The study included 168 females aged 29.6±1.65 years old, who formed three groups: the main group comprised the patients with IDA, the comparison group included patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases without systemic diseases, and the control group contained the patients without oral inflammatory and systemic diseases. We examined all the patients, determined DMF index, OHI-S (Greene-Vermillion), PBI (Muhlemann-Saxer), gingival inflammation by the РМА index modified by Рarma and determined the level of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-4 and INF-γ in the oral cavity by enzyme immunoassay.Results. The study determined the clinical signs of periodontal inﬂammation in all patients with IDA before treatment. Inﬂammatory periodontal diseases and IDA combination caused a signiﬁcant decrease of pro-inﬂammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 (9.67 pcg/ml and 20.52 pcg/ml, respectively) in the oral ﬂuid of all the examined compared to the periodontal patients without systemic diseases. Patients with IDA demonstrated an increase of IL-1β (40.58 pcg/ml) and a decrease of IL-4 (25.18 pcg/ml) and INF-γ (46.93 pcg/ml) in the oral ﬂuid after the completion of the iron therapy course.Conclusion. A decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β and IL-6 levels in patients with IDA and oral inflammation evidenced the changes in the immune response compared to the group of periodontal patients without systemic diseases, which may lead to an unfavourable prognosis. After the iron therapy course, the oral cytokine concentration in patients with IDA corresponded to the oral fluid cytokine profile of comparison group patients, which indicated the compensation of secondary immune deficiency.
Diagnosis of PSAF maladjustment is the ﬁrst step toward biopsychosocial dentistry
Authors: Solovyov M. M. , Orekhova L. Yu. , Solovyova A. M. , Grinenko E. V. , Loboda E. S. 
Published: May 2022

Relevance. The article considers three stages in the development of dentistry specialty in Russia: 1) the stage of dental treatment; 2) the stage of biomedical dentistry; 3) the stage of biopsychosocial dentistry. The beginning of the second stage – biomedical dentistry – is associated with Professor A.K. Limberg, the organizer of the first odontology department at the Women's Medical Institute in Russia in 1897. L. Engel, who wrote about the biopsychosocial approach in the journal Science (1977), was the forerunner of biopsychosomatic dentistry.The concepts of psychosocial-anatomic-functional (PSAF) maladjustment syndrome and the primary express diagnosis method of its severity and structure, developed at the First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, facilitated the introduction of a biopsychosocial approach into dentistry. The authors regard the PSAF maladjustment diagnosis as the biopsychosocial approach first step to the study of the human health status that will help individually approach comprehensive customized treatment and rehabilitation program planning.Propose. To show diagnosis possibilities of PSAF maladjustment primary express diagnosis in order to introduce the biopsychosocial standpoint into the diagnosis and treatment of dental patients.Conclusion. The earliest possible beginning of teaching dental students (first-year students) the skill of PSAF maladjustment express diagnosis has proven to be necessary.The article presents four clinical cases of PSAF maladjustment express diagnosis application at a dental appointment among patients of different profiles.