bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Freedom of the image and the boundaries of the book: Evgeny Bortnikov as an illustrator
Authors: Баданина К.Г. 
Published: April 2022

Статья посвящена станковым иллюстративным листам и книжной графике Евгения Александровича Бортникова (1952–2013) — ведущего тагильского художника 1980–2000 годов. Проводится анализ его серий иллюстраций к ряду известных литературных произведений, а также оформления книг в сотрудничестве со Средне-Уральским и Южно-Уральским книжными издательствами, издательствами Москвы. В статье проанализирована художественная манера автора, показано изменение его индивидуального творческого стиля при работе над листами по мотивам литературных произведений и оформлении книг по заказу издательств. Подчеркивается, что при всём различии двух выделенных направлений его творчества их сближает мастерская техника, специфика графического языка и ощутимая в каждой работе личность художника, ставящего эстетическую и смысловую сторону образа во главу угла.
The article is devoted to easel illustrative sheets and book graphics by Evgeny A. Bortnikov (1952–2013), the leading Tagil artist of 1980–2000. The analysis of his series of illustrations for a number of famous literary works, as well as the design of books in collaboration with the Middle Ural and South Ural book publishing houses, publishing houses of Moscow is carried out. The article analyzes the author's artistic style, shows the difference between the style of working on sheets based on literary works and the design of books commissioned by publishers. It is emphasized that for all the difference between the two identified areas of his work, they are brought together by a masterful technique, the specifics of the graphic language and the personality of the artist, which is tangible in each work, putting the aesthetic and semantic side of the image at the forefront.
Ways to revive traditions of the Zlatoust engraving on steel in the late 1950s (a study of the creative heritage M.D. Rakov)
Authors: Брюзгина О.И. 
Published: April 2022

Статья посвящена развитию и современному состоянию ведущих художественных производств Урала и в частности деятельности Научно-исследовательского института художественной промышленности, специалисты которого принимали активное участие в создании образцов декоративных изделий для массового производства и выставочных программ. Детально рассмотрена история традиционной златоустовской гравюры; показано, что на протяжении всего XX столетия задачи ее сохранения и планы по расширению производства товаров народного потребления массового ассортимента периодически входили в противоречия друг с другом. Отмечено, что важным этапом в истории златоустовской гравюры стало сотрудничество предприятия с ведущими специалистами института и художником М.Д. Раковым, предложившим ряд эскизов, которые заслужили высокую оценку.
The article is devoted to the development and current state of the leading art industries in the Urals and, in particular the activities of the Research Institute of the Art Industry, whose specialists took an active part in creating samples of decorative products for mass production and exhibition programs. The history of traditional Zlatoust engraving is considered in detail; it is shown that throughout the 20th century, the tasks of its preservation and plans to expand the production of consumer goods of a mass assortment periodically came into conflict with each other. It is noted that an important stage in the history of the Zlatoust engraving was the cooperation of the enterprise with the leading specialists of the Institute and the artist M.D. Rakov, who proposed a number of sketches, which were highly appreciated.
HUNTINGTON’S DISEASE (HD): A BRIEF REVIEW
Authors: Qureshi Fayyaz Hussain , Qureshi Sajjad Hussain , Zia Tayyaba , Khawaja Fajr 
Published: April 2022

Huntington's disease (HD) is an incurable lethal inherited neurological disorder of brain cells caused by increased CAG repeats in the huntingtin gene. It is the disease of mind and body which causes uncontrolled movements, loss of intellectual faculties, and emotional disturbance leading to eventual death. HD is incurable, but treatment is available for the symptoms of this disease. Latest technologies and techniques are used to diagnose HD. Neuroimaging and genetic testing are two important diagnoses techniques are available to measure the progress of the disease at any later stage. Drastic research is underway to control the disease with neuro-transplantation and neuro-surgery as a potential treatment in future to cure HD. The advancements in science and technologies and research on HD have indicated bright chances of cure. In the future, this disease seems to become curable Huntington's disease.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0937/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ И МИКРОБИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ КОЖИ
И ЧЕШУИ РЫБ ПРИ ПЕРЕРАБОТКЕ И ПОЛУЧЕНИИ НОВОЙ
ПИЩЕВОЙ ПРОДУКЦИИ
Authors: Воробьев Виктор Иванович , Казимирченко Оксана Владимировна , Нижникова Елена Владимировна 
Published: April 2022

Предложен способ переработки рыбьей кожи с чешуей с целью получения пищевых добавок и напитков, обогащенных коллагеном и продуктами его гидро-лиза. Определено, что в результате термического гидролиза (100 °C в течение 2 мин) рыбьей чешуи в яблочном соке (массовая доля белка 0,1 %, углеводов – 11,8 %, золы – 0,46 %, фосфора – 0,11 %, кальция – следы) и последующего фрак-ционирования смеси получаемый сокосодержащий напиток, обогащенный про-дуктами гидролиза коллагена, имел следующий химический состав: белок – 1,12 %, углеводы – 10,7 %, зола – 0,69 %, фосфор – 0,18 %, кальций – 0,02 %.
Частично гидролизованная, набухшая и измельченная в яблочном соке (со-отношение 1:3 по массе, продолжительность гидролиза 48 ч при 4 °C) рыбья кожа (полуфабрикат) смешивалась и гомогенизировалась при соотношении 1:5 с яб-лочно-грушевым соком, приобретая пюреобразную консистенцию с содержанием белка 1,86 %, углеводов – 8,2, золы – 0,54, фосфора – 0,26, кальция – 0,01 %.
Микробиологические испытания фруктовых соков, кожи и чешуи судака выявили соответствие по нормируемым показателям. Наибольшей микробиологи-ческой стабильностью при холодильном хранении обладали пробы яблочно-грушевого сока. Состав микрофлоры фруктовых соков формировали споровые и неспоровые палочковидные бактерии, на конечных этапах хранения – дрожжевые и плесневые грибы, микрофлору кожи и чешуи – кокки. Показатели бактериаль-ной обсемененности проб обогащенных напитков, полуфабриката, пюре на основе яблочного сока и экспериментальных смешанных проб с добавлением апельсинового сока в фоновых точках были незначительными (в среднем на уровне 8,2×102 КОЕ/см3), к концу срока хранения они закономерно повышались. Микрофлору проб обогащенных напитков формировали неспоровые палочки Pseudomonas putida, единично Bacillus subtilis, в пробах с более низкими значениями pH доминировали кислотоустойчивые бактерии Streptococcus sp., Micrococcus candidus.
Evaluation of amyand’s hernia patients: experience report
Authors: Weiss Marcelo Barros , Nunes Sérgio Ibañez , Felga Luis Henrique Gonçalves , De Oliveira Cristina Pimont , Gonzaga Leonardo Pancini Faioli , Gonzalez Lucas Goiatá , Belgo Thaissa Ramim Reis , Vicente Lucas Machado de Souza 
Published: April 2022

Objective: Report the experience of evaluating two patients with Amyand hernia as a strategy to identify this rare surgical condition. Experience Report: A 4-year-old patient with pain in the right inguinal region with irreducible tumor. The child was pale, prostrated and with leukocytosis and left deviation, being submitted to inguinotomy with diagnosis of Amyand hernia during surgery. The second patient, a 74-year-old man, presented abdominal pain in the lower right quadrant irradiated to the scrotum with a palpable and irreducible tumor in the right inguinal region. Laboratory tests showed leukocytosis with deviation to the left and physical examination showed mild dehydration and low fever. In the operating room, a hernia sac with incarcerated contents was found, which was an inflamed caecal appendix, and the diagnosis of acute appendicitis was later confirmed. Final Considerations: The reported cases become important due to their rarity and the association between strangulated right inguinal hernia and acute appendicitis, assisting the medical community for proper management.
KONSENTRASI PARTICULATE MATTER (PM10) DAN GEJALA PERNAPASAN YANG DIALAMI PEKERJA PABRIK SEMEN 'X', KOTA CILEGON-BANTEN
Authors: Ferial Linardita , Fitria Laila , Silalahi Mawar DS 
Published: April 2022

Aktivitas industri berperan penting dalam berjalannya suatu pertumbuhan ekonomi tapi juga memberikan dampak negatif bagi kesehatan karyawannya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kadar debu pada lingkungan kerja, gangguan penyakit saluran pernapasan yang diderita pekerja, dan peranan alat pelindung diri dalam pengendalian. Pengamatan dilakukan di bagian pembuatan kantong semen dan pengepakan semen. Desain studi adalah cross sectional dan instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuesioner yang berisi pertanyaan tentang data karakteristik pekerja diperoleh dari 107 pekerja dan keluhan pernapasan diperoleh dari lembar pengukuran fungsi paru dengan bantuan alat spirometer kepada 24 pekerja. Kadar debu (PM10)diukur menggunakan High Volume Air Sampler (HVAS TE-6070BLXZ) dan Pengukuran suhu dan kelembapan menggunakan thermohigrometer. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji regresi linier. Kadar debu rata-rata (PM10) pada ruang pengepakan semen 1002,3 µg/m3 dan pada ruang pembuatan kantong semen adalah 142,1µg/m3. Hasil penelitian didapatkan gangguan pernapasan 63,9% responden pada unit pengepakan semen dan 54% pada pembuatan kantong mengalami gangguan saluran pernapasan dan iritasi. Hasil analisis spirometer pada ruang pengepakan semen menunjukkan 7 pekerja yang diambil dari 7 pekerja dalam sampel dinyatakan restrictive, berarti telah terjadi pengecilan kapasitas total paru. Sedangkan pada ruang pembuatan kantong semen terdapat 7 pekerja yang diambil dari total 5 pekerja dinyatakan restrictive dan 2 dinyatakan normal. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah risiko masalah pernapasan pekerja di ruangan dengan tingkat debu tinggi lebih besar daripada yang bekerja di tingkat debu rendah dan diharapkan semua pekerja menggunakan masker sebagai alat pelindung utama.
ANALISIS PROYEKSI PERUBAHAN RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU PUBLIK DI KOTA CILEGON PADA TAHUN 2025
Authors: Setiyawan Nanang , Akbari Tauny 
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi eksisting ruang terbuka hijau di Kota Cilegon, ketersediaan ruang terbuka hijau berdasarkan jumlah penduduk pada tahun 2025 dan Strategi optimalisasi untuk memenuhi 30% kebutuhan ruang terbuka hijau di Kota Cilegon. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) serta observasi dengan rentan waktu 10 tahun dan analisis SWOT untuk penyusunan upaya-upaya penambahan RTH di kota Cilegon dilakukan berdasarkan analisis SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats). Analisis SWOT adalah identifikasi berbagai faktor secara sistematik untuk merumuskan strategi yang tepat.. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa eksisting ruang terbuka hijau di Kota Cilegon mengalami penurunan sehingga kondisi eksisting RTH pada tahun 2020 sebesar 35,72%. sehingga di perkirakan pada tahun 2025 jumlah penduduk di Kota Cilegon sebanyak 474.105 jiwa dan luas ruang terbuka hijau yang dibutuhkan di Kota Cilegon berdasarkan jumlah penduduk pada tahun 2025 sebesar 94.821 Ha. Dan Strategi optimalisasi di formulasikan menjadi 10 strategi seperti 1) Mengoptimalkan kinerja badan pengelola ruang terbuka hijau dengan sistem kordinasi pembagian tugas yang jelas. 2) Peningkatan hubungan kerjasama pemerintah dengan pihak ketiga. 3) Pengambilan kebijakan tegas dari pemerintah untuk mewujudkan target luasan RTH sesuai dengan UU No 26 tahun 2007. 4) Optimalisasi kerjasama dengan pihak ketiga untuk penggalangan dana pengelolaan RTH. 5) Pengembangan RTH privat selain di ruang publik. 6) Memberdayakan masyarakat sekitar dalam pemeliharaan RTH di lingkungan sekitar masyarakat. 7) Mengoptimalkan program insentif dan disinsentif terutama di wilayah perindustrian usaha dan jasa, 8) Mengoptimalkan areal atau jalur di sekitar sistem utilitas kota untuk ruang terbuka hijau, 9) Optimalisasi fungsi RTRW sebagai acuan pengendalian RTH, 10) Optimalisasi pengawasan kegiatan pembangunan.
Optimum design calculation of eggs incubator
Authors: Al-Zaidi Ali 
Published: April 2022

This study was achieved to find an optimum design for eggs incubator where the resources of this field is very limited. The most important factors were putted forward including the dimensions of each element. The energy required in operation periods was calculated. Where the operation time consists of two periods (the first period takes 17 days and the second period from the 18th day to the 21 day). The results shown an excellent efficiency, however, some eggs were failed due to some physiology justifications. Some of eggs were taken longer time to hatch due to long storage time or the eggs were in a bigger size.
Open Learning as a Means of Advancing Social Justice: Cases in Post-School Education and Training in South Africa
Authors: Mayisela Tabisa , Govender Shanali C. , Hodgkinson-Williams Cheryl Ann 
Published: April 2022

This volume investigates the uptake of ‘open learning’ in South African Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) colleges and higher education institutions. Comprised of 16 studies focused on activities at a range of colleges and universities across the country, these chapters aim to promote a better understanding of open learning practices across the Post-School Education and Training (PSET) sector, including issues such as: recognition of prior learning, access for students with disabilities, work integrated learning, professional development, novel student funding mechanisms, leadership for open educational practices, institutional culture, student support, blended and online learning, flexible learning, online assessment, open educational resource development models and funding, and micro-credentials.
This collection of peer-reviewed chapters contributes to understanding the ways in which South African PSET institutions and educators are interpreting ‘open learning’ as a means of advancing social justice. It includes a historical and contemporary understanding of the economic, cultural and political obstacles facing PSET, drawing on Nancy Fraser’s theory of social justice as ‘participatory parity’ to better understand the ways in which ‘open learning’ may address systemic social injustices in order to allow South African students and educators to thrive.
This volume emerges from research conducted by the Cases on Open Learning (COOL) project, an initiative by the Department of Higher Education and Training in partnership with the Centre for Innovation in Learning and Teaching (CILT) at the University of Cape Town (UCT) in South Africa.
Investigation of spaceborne trace gas products over St Petersburg and Yekaterinburg, Russia, by using COllaborative Column Carbon Observing Network (COCCON) observations
Authors: Alberti Carlos , Tu Qiansi , Hase Frank , Makarova Maria V. , Gribanov Konstantin , Foka Stefani C. , Zakharov Vyacheslav , Blumenstock Thomas , Buchwitz Michael , Diekmann Christopher , Ertl Benjamin , Frey Matthias M. , Imhasin Hamud Kh. , Ionov Dmitry V. , Khosrawi Farahnaz , Osipov Sergey I. , Reuter Maximilian , Schneider Matthias , Warneke Thorsten 
Published: April 2022

Abstract. This work employs ground- and space-based observations, together
with model data, to study columnar abundances of atmospheric trace gases
(XH2O, XCO2, XCH4 and XCO) in two high-latitude Russian cities, St. Petersburg and Yekaterinburg. Two portable COllaborative Column
Carbon Observing Network (COCCON) spectrometers were used for continuous
measurements at these locations during 2019 and 2020. Additionally, a subset of data of special interest (a strong gradient in XCH4 and XCO was detected) collected in the framework of a mobile city campaign performed in 2019 using both instruments is investigated. All studied satellite products (TROPOMI, OCO-2, GOSAT, MUSICA IASI) show generally good agreement with COCCON observations. Satellite and ground-based observations at high latitudes are much sparser than at low or mid latitudes, which makes direct
coincident comparisons between remote-sensing observations more difficult.
Therefore, a method of scaling continuous Copernicus Atmosphere
Monitoring Service (CAMS) model data to the
ground-based observations is developed and used for creating virtual COCCON
observations. These adjusted CAMS data are then used for satellite
validation, showing good agreement in both Peterhof and Yekaterinburg. The gradients between the two study sites (ΔXgas) are
similar between CAMS and CAMS-COCCON datasets, indicating that the model
gradients are in agreement with the gradients observed by COCCON. This is
further supported by a few simultaneous COCCON and satellite ΔXgas
measurements, which also agree with the model gradient. With respect to the
city campaign observations recorded in St Petersburg, the downwind COCCON
station measured obvious enhancements for both XCH4 (10.6 ppb) and XCO (9.5 ppb), which is nicely reflected by TROPOMI observations, which detect city-scale gradients of the order 9.4 ppb for XCH4 and 12.5 ppb for XCO.
The S2M meteorological and snow cover reanalysis over the French mountainous areas: description and evaluation (1958–2021)
Authors: Vernay Matthieu , Lafaysse Matthieu , Monteiro Diego , Hagenmuller Pascal , Nheili Rafife , Samacoïts Raphaëlle , Verfaillie Deborah , Morin Samuel 
Published: April 2022

Abstract. This work introduces the S2M (SAFRAN–SURFEX/ISBA–Crocus–MEPRA) meteorological and snow cover reanalysis in the French Alps, Pyrenees and Corsica, spanning the time period from 1958 to 2021. The simulations are made over elementary areas, referred to as massifs, designed to represent the main drivers of the spatial variability observed in mountain ranges (elevation, slope and aspect).
The meteorological reanalysis is performed by the SAFRAN system, which combines information from numerical weather prediction models (ERA-40 reanalysis from 1958 to 2002, ARPEGE from 2002 to 2021) and the best possible set of available in situ meteorological observations.
SAFRAN outputs are used to drive the Crocus detailed snow cover model, which is part of the land surface scheme SURFEX/ISBA. This model chain provides simulations of the evolution of the snow cover, underlying ground and the associated avalanche hazard using the MEPRA model.
This contribution describes and discusses the main climatological characteristics (climatology, variability and trends) and the main limitations of this dataset. We provide a short overview of the scientific applications using this reanalysis in various scientific fields related to meteorological conditions and the snow cover in mountain areas. An evaluation of the skill of S2M is also displayed, in particular through comparison to 665 independent in situ snow depth observations.
Further, we describe the technical handling of this open-access dataset, available at https://doi.org/10.25326/37#v2020.2. The S2M data are provided by Météo-France – CNRS, CNRM, Centre d'Études de la Neige, through AERIS (Vernay et al., 2022).
Spatiotemporal variations in water sources and mixing spots in a riparian zone
Authors: Nogueira Guilherme E. H. , Schmidt Christian , Partington Daniel , Brunner Philip , Fleckenstein Jan H. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Riparian zones are known to modulate water quality in stream corridors. They can act as buffers for groundwater-borne solutes before they enter the stream at harmful, high concentrations or facilitate solute turnover and attenuation in zones where stream water (SW) and groundwater (GW) mix. This natural attenuation capacity is strongly controlled by the dynamic exchange of water and solutes between the stream and the adjoining aquifer, creating potential for mixing-dependent reactions to take place. Here, we couple a previously calibrated transient and fully integrated 3D surface–subsurface numerical flow model with a hydraulic mixing cell (HMC) method to map the source composition of water along a net losing reach (900 m) of the fourth-order Selke stream and track its spatiotemporal evolution. This allows us to define zones in the aquifer with more balanced fractions of the different water sources per aquifer volume (called mixing hot spots), which have a high potential to facilitate mixing-dependent reactions and, in turn, enhance solute turnover. We further evaluated the HMC results against hydrochemical monitoring data. Our results show that, on average, about 50 % of the water in the alluvial aquifer consists of infiltrating SW. Within about 200 m around the stream, the aquifer is almost entirely made up of infiltrated SW with practically no significant amounts of other water sources mixed in. On average, about 9 % of the model domain could be characterized as mixing hot spots, which were mainly located at the fringe of the geochemical hyporheic zone rather than below or in the immediate vicinity of the streambed. This percentage could rise to values nearly 1.5 times higher following large discharge events. Moreover, event intensity (magnitude of peak flow) was found to be more important for the increase in mixing than event duration. Our modeling results further suggest that discharge events more significantly increase mixing potential at greater distances from the stream. In contrast near and below the stream, the rapid increase in SW influx shifts the ratio between the water fractions to SW, reducing the potential for mixing and the associated reactions. With this easy-to-transfer framework, we seek to show the applicability of the HMC method as a complementary approach for the identification of mixing hot spots in stream corridors, while showing the spatiotemporal controls of the SW–GW mixing process and the implications for riparian biogeochemistry and mixing-dependent turnover processes.
Аналитическая и компьютерная реализация моделей приближенного расчета вероятностных параметров краткосрочного страхования жизни
Authors: Сафина Гульнара Фриловна 
Published: April 2022

Работа посвящена практическому применению моделей краткосрочного страхования жизни. Приведены теоремы, на которых основаны приближенные методы расчета вероятностных характеристик суммарного иска и аналитические решения ключевых примеров, опирающихся на данные математические модели. Проведен сравнительный анализ результатов решений по моделям Пуассона и Гаусса. Показано применение более общей модели Гаусса к случаям разных групп застрахованных в страховых компаниях с различными условиями договоров страхования их жизни на 1 год. Алгоритмы решений реализованы также в компьютере – создан программный модуль для расчета вероятностных параметров суммарного иска: нетто-премии, реальной выплаты за страховку, страховой надбавки, относительной страховой надбавки. Коды программного модуля компилированы на объектно-ориентированном языке C# с использованием среды Visual Studio. Модуль проводит актуарные расчеты характеристик работы страховой компании при входных данных, таких как количество договоров, страховая сумма при наступлении страхового случая, вероятность предъявления требований и т. д. Применение программного модуля к таким вероятностным расчетам позволяет рационально использовать время работы страховых компаний и ускоряет принятие ими текущих решений, особенно в случаях реализации портфелей разных видов краткосрочного страхования.