bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
18F-FDG PET Radiomics as Predictor of Treatment Response in Oesophageal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Deantonio Letizia , Garo Maria Luisa , Paone Gaetano , Valli Maria Carla , Cappio Stefano , La Regina Davide , Cefali Marco , Palmarocchi Maria Celeste , Vannelli Alberto , De Dosso Sara 
Published: March 2022

The best treatment strategy for oesophageal cancer patients achieving a complete clinical response after neoadjuvant chemoradiation is a burning topic. The available diagnostic tools, such as 18F-FDG PET/CT performed routinely, cannot accurately evaluate the presence or absence of the residual tumour. The emerging field of radiomics may encounter the critical challenge of personalised treatment. Radiomics is based on medical image analysis, executed by extracting information from many image features; it has been shown to provide valuable information for predicting treatment responses in oesophageal cancer. This systematic review with a meta-analysis aims to provide current evidence of 18F-FDG PET-based radiomics in predicting response treatments following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in oesophageal cancer. A comprehensive literature review identified 1160 studies, of which five were finally included in the study. Our findings provided that pooled Area Under the Curve (AUC) of the five selected studies was relatively high at 0.821 (95% CI: 0.737–0.904) and not influenced by the sample size of the studies. Radiomics models exhibited a good performance in predicting pathological complete responses (pCRs). This review further strengthens the great potential of 18F-FDG PET-based radiomics to predict pCRs in oesophageal cancer patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Additionally, our review imparts additional support to prospective studies on 18F-FDG PET radiomics for a tailored treatment strategy of oesophageal cancer patients. Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42021274636.
Efficacy and Safety of Omalizumab for the Treatment of Severe or Poorly Controlled Allergic Diseases in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liu Ling , Zhou Pengxiang , Wang Zhenhuan , Zhai Suodi , Zhou Wei 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of omalizumab in the treatment of severe or uncontrolled allergic diseases in children.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, and clinicaltrials.gov databases up to 23rd July 2021, with no language limitations. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing omalizumab with other treatments or placebo in children with severe or inadequately controlled allergic diseases were considered. The primary outcomes of interest were asthma exacerbation rate, allergic symptom score, desensitisation achievement for food allergy (FA), and incidence of serious adverse events (SAEs). The study selection and data extraction were conducted independently by two researchers. Quality assessments were conducted using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool, and data were pooled using a random-effects model if I2 was 50% or greater in the Cochrane Review Manager.ResultsOverall, 10 RCTs [six on severe asthma, one on atopic dermatitis (AD), one on seasonal allergic rhinitis [SAR], and one on FA] consisting of 2,376 participants met the inclusion criteria. For severe asthma, omalizumab may reduce exacerbations at 12 weeks [risk ratio (RR), 0.52; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.31–0.89], 24 weeks (RR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.55–0.85; GRADE: moderate-quality evidence), and 52 weeks (RR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.40–0.94; GRADE: moderate-quality evidence) and reduce the dose of inhalation corticosteroid compared with placebo. For severe AD, the association between omalizumab and allergic symptom improvement [i.e., SCORing Atopic Dermatitis or Paediatric Allergic Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (PADQLQ)] was not confirmed. For severe SAR, omalizumab showed greater improvement in symptom load scores and saved rescue medication days. For FA, omalizumab demonstrated superiority in desensitisation compared with placebo. To date, no clinically significant drug-related SAEs have been reported.ConclusionFor severe or uncontrolled asthma, AD, SAR, and FA, omalizumab may be associated with improved allergic symptoms and safety in children. Future studies should focus on the benefits and pharmacoeconomic evaluation of omalizumab in multiple allergic diseases compared with other treatments.Systematic Review Registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO], identifier [CRD42021271863].
The Role of ICG Angiography in Decision Making About Skin-Sparing in Pediatric Acute Trauma
Authors: Han Tao , Sun Buhao , Wang Weidong , Cui Jie , Shen Weimin 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundIndocyanine green (ICG) angiography has proven useful in assessing skin flap perfusion in plastic and reconstructive surgeries. This research aimed to explore its role in decision making about skin-sparing in children's acute trauma.MethodsA total of 19 patients suffering with acute trauma from January 2019 to September 2021 were retrospectively assessed. Both ICG angiography and clinical judgment were performed to evaluate skin tissue viability. The intraoperative decisions for each case depended on the specific condition of the traumatic wound, including tissue perfusion, skin defect area, and location of the wound. Postoperative vascular imaging software was used to quantify the tissue perfusion, and the duration of postoperative follow-up was from 6 to 18 months.ResultsAmong them, 18 (94.7%) patients experienced treatments according to ICG angiography and did not develop postoperative necrosis. One case with right forearm trauma suffered from partial necrosis. Hypertrophic scar and local infection were the independent complications, which were managed by symptomatic treatment.ConclusionICG angiography may reduce the risk of postoperative necrosis and renders a promising adjunctive technique for surgeons to make reasonable decisions in skin sparing in acute pediatric trauma.
Transumbilical Single-Site Laparoscopic Intraperitoneal Closure of the Internal Inguinal Ring for Pediatric Inguinal Hernia
Authors: Ji Yi , Li Yanan , Zhang Xuepeng , Qiu Tong , Chen Siyuan , Xu Zhicheng 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundA new novel technique for pediatric inguinal hernia (PIH) repair, namely, transumbilical single-site laparoscopic intraperitoneal closure (TUSLIC) of the internal inguinal ring (IIR) with a single instrument, was introduced. The short-term follow-up of TUSLIC for PIH was compared with that of transabdominal multiple-site laparoscopic extraperitoneal closure (TAMLEC) for PIH.MethodsDescriptive variables, perioperative clinical features, and short-term outcomes were retrospectively analyzed and compared between the patients who underwent TUSLIC and those who underwent TAMLEC.ResultsIn total, 289 patients were enrolled in this study. Of these, 190 patients received TUSLIC, and 99 patients received TAMLEC. The descriptive variables (including sex, age, weight, and preoperative diagnosis of patients) were comparable between the two groups (P-values were 0.12, 0.71, 0.69, and 0.23, respectively). The mean operative times for unilateral hernia repair and bilateral hernia repairs in TAMLEC group were significantly less than those in TUSLIC group (P &lt; 0.01). The values of surgical site infection, umbilical bleeding, testicular atrophy, iatrogenic ascent of the testis, and secondary hydrocele were not significantly different between the two groups. There were no suture granulomas, and recurrence occurred in TUSLIC group, though at a significantly lower rate than in TAMLEC group (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsTUSLIC is a feasible, safe, and reliable minimally invasive method for PIH. Compared with TAMLEC, TUSLIC has the advantages of minimized complications and a low recurrence rate.
Emotional Exhaustion of Burnout Among Medical Staff and Its Association With Mindfulness and Social Support: A Single Center Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan
Authors: Sampei Makiko , Okubo Ryo , Sado Mitsuhiro , Piedvache Aurelie , Mizoue Tetsuya , Yamaguchi Koushi , Morisaki Naho 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundAlthough higher rates of burnout have been reported during the COVID-19 pandemic, the contribution of the modifiable factors is lesser-known. We investigated how the risk of emotional exhaustion was associated with mindfulness skills and social support in a single medical center in Japan.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional web survey on mental health for all staff of a national medical hospital from February to March 2021. We examined the association between self-rated emotional exhaustion and levels of mindfulness and social support using multivariate logistic regression.ResultsOf the 830 participants, signs of emotional exhaustion were observed in 261 (31%) individuals. Among those highly exposed to the virus at work, individuals with low levels of mindfulness and social support had significantly higher odds of emotional exhaustion [OR 3.46 (95% CI; 1.48–8.09), OR; 3.08 (95% CI; 1.33–7.13), respectively] compared to those with high levels. However, among those not highly exposed to the virus, individuals with both low and moderate levels of mindfulness had significantly higher odds of emotional exhaustion. [OR 3.33 (95% CI; 2.22–5.00), OR; 2.61 (95% CI; 1.73–3.94), respectively].ConclusionWe found that factors associated with emotional exhaustion differed by exposure to SARS-CoV-2. Building mindfulness skills can help reduce the high burden placed on the staff. Additionally, increasing social support may be useful especially for workers highly exposed to SARS-CoV-2.
Integration of Alcohol Use Disorder Interventions in General Health Care Settings in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review
Authors: Mushi Dorothy , Francis Joel M. , Moshiro Candida , Hanlon Charlotte , Teferra Solomon 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionAlcohol use disorder (AUD) is among the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite this, AUD is often not detected in health care settings, which contributes to a wide treatment gap. Integrating services for mental, neurological, and substance use disorders in general health care settings is among the recommended strategies to narrow this treatment gap. This scoping review aimed to map the available evidence on integration of AUD interventions in general health care settings in sub–Saharan Africa.MethodsWe searched four databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Africa Wide Information) for publications up to December 2020. The search strategy focused on terms for alcohol use, alcohol interventions, and sub-Saharan African countries. Studies that reported AUD interventions in general health care settings in sub–Saharan Africa were eligible for inclusion. Over 3,817 potentially eligible articles were identified. After the removal of duplicates and screening of abstracts, 56 articles were included for full article review. Of these, 24 papers reporting on 22 studies were eligible and included in a narrative review.ResultsOf the 24 eligible articles, 19 (80%) described AUD interventions that were being delivered in general health care settings, 3 (12%) described plans or programs for integrating AUD interventions at different levels of care, including in health facilities, and 2 (8%) studies reported on AUD interventions integrated into general health care settings.ConclusionsThis review shows that there is limited evidence on the integration of AUD interventions in health care settings in sub-Saharan Africa. There is an urgent need for studies that report systematically on the development, adaptation, implementation, and evaluation of integrated AUD interventions in health care settings in sub-Saharan Africa.
Open Online Courses for Strengthening Laboratory-Based Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance in Pakistan
Authors: Saeed Noureen , Zeeshan Mohammad , Farooqi Joveria , Shakoor Sadia , Jabeen Kausar , Malik Faisal Riaz , Rao Jason , Hasan Rumina 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionQuality-assured antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) depends upon the knowledge and skills of laboratory staff. In many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including Pakistan, such types of knowledge and skills are limited. Therefore, the objective of this study was to use openaccess online courses to improve the knowledge of laboratory staff involved in the detection and reporting of antimicrobial resistance (AMR).MethodologySeven online modules comprising 22 courses aimed at strengthening the laboratory detection of Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) were developed. The courses were uploaded onto the websitewww.parn.org.pk. Participants had an option of selecting courses of their interest. Online registration and completion of a pre-course assessment (pre-test) were essential for enrolment. However, participation in post-course assessment (post-test) was optional. The number of registered participants and the proportion of participants who completed each course were computed. A pairedt-test was used to assess the increase between mean pre- and post-test scores. The association between the participants working in public vs. private laboratories and course completion rates were determined using the chi-square test.ResultsA total of 227 participants from Pakistan (March 2018 to June 2020) were registered. The largest number of registered participants and the highest completion rate were noted for AST and biosafety courses, while quality-related courses attracted a lower interest. A comparison of pre- and post-test performance using the paired mean score for the individual courses showed a statistically significant (the value ofp&lt; 0.05) improvement in 13/20 assessed courses. A higher course completion rate was observed in participants from public vs. private sector laboratories (56.8 vs. 30.8%, the value ofp= 0.005).ConclusionsOur study suggests a promising potential for open online courses (OOCs) toward addressing knowledge gaps in laboratory practice in resource limited settings.
Women Trust Their OBGYNs to Provide Preexposure Prophylaxis: An Opportunity for HIV Prevention
Authors: Danvers Antoinette A. , Chew Murphy Emma , Avila Karina , Gonzalez-Argoti Tatiana , Edwards Angelic Rivera , Hoffman Susie , Mantell Joanne E. , Bauman Laurie J. , Dolan Siobhan M. 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to understand how women perceive the role of their Obstetrician and Gynecologist (OBGYN) in screening for and providing preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention.MethodsWe recruited women ages 18–45 years receiving obstetric or gynecological care at an academic medical center in the Bronx, NY. Thirty participants were enrolled: 10 seeking care for family planning, 10 seeking prenatal care, and 10 seeking care for a sexually transmitted infection. We screened participants for HIV acquisition risk using a PrEP screening tool. We conducted face-to-face, semi-structured interviews, which were audio-recorded, transcribed, and entered into Dedoose for analysis of themes using a grounded theory approach.ResultsSixty percent of the participants were Latinx and 33% African American. Seventy percent had one or more risk factors for HIV acquisition based on the PrEP screening tool, indicating they would benefit from a PrEP discussion. Three main themes emerged from the analysis of interview data. Participants viewed OBGYNs as experts in sexual and reproductive healthcare and believed they were experts in PrEP. Participants were concerned about “PrEP stigma”, being judged by their clinicians as being sexually promiscuous if they expressed a need for PrEP. Lastly, when participants trusted their OBGYN, that trust became a facilitator for women to consider PrEP and offset stigma as a barrier to identifying patients who are candidates for PrEP.ConclusionWomen established in care with an OBGYN are enthusiastic about having access to PrEP services incorporated into their sexual and reproductive healthcare. A universal approach to HIV prevention would avert stigma surrounding HIV care and prevention.
Intraoperative Protective Mechanical Ventilation in Dogs: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Rodrigues Renata R. , Ambrósio Aline M. , Engbruch Aline M. , Gonçalves Lucas A. , Villela Paula A. , Sanchez Ana F. , Fantoni Denise T. 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate gas exchange, respiratory mechanics, and hemodynamic impact of mechanical ventilation with low tidal volume (VT) in dogs with the use of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) or preceded by alveolar recruitment maneuver (ARM).Study DesignProspective randomized clinical trial.AnimalsTwenty-one healthy client-owned mesocephalic healthy dogs, 1–7 years old, weighing 10–20 kg, and body condition scores 4–6/9 admitted for periodontal treatment.MethodsIsoflurane-anesthetized dogs in dorsal recumbency were ventilated until 1 h with a volume-controlled ventilation mode using 8 mL kg−1of VT. The dogs were distributed in 2 groups: in the ARM group, PEEP starts in 0 cmH2O, increasing gradually 5 cmH2O every 3 min, until reach 15 cmH2O and decreasing in the same steps until 5 cmH2O, maintaining this value until the end; and PEEP group, in which the pressure 5 cmH2O was instituted from the beginning of anesthesia and maintained the same level up to the end of the anesthesia. Cardiopulmonary, metabolic, oxygenation parameters, and respiratory mechanics were recorded after the anesthesia induction (baseline—BL), 15, 45, and 75 min after BL and during the recovery.ResultsThe ARM increased the static compliance (Cst) (15 min after baseline) when compared with baseline moment (24.9 ± 5.8 mL cmH20−1vs. 20.7 ± 5.4 mL cmH20−1–p= 0.0364), oxygenation index (PaO2/FIO2) (505.6 ± 59.2 mmHg vs. 461.2 ± 41.0 mmHg—p= 0.0453) and reduced the shunt fraction (3.4 ± 2.4% vs. 5.5 ± 1.6%—p= 0.062). In the PEEP group, no statistical differences were observed concerning the variables evaluated. At the beginning of the evaluation, the driving pressure (DP) before ARM was significantly greater than all other evaluation time points (6.9 ± 1.8 cmH20).Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThe use of 8 mL kg−1of VTand 5 cmH20 PEEP without ARM maintain adequate oxygenation and mechanical ventilation in dental surgeries for up to 1 h. The use of ARM slightly improved compliance and oxygenation during the maneuver.
Clarifying the role of the strength and conditioning coach in athlete rehabilitation
Authors:   , Armstrong Andrew 
Published: March 2022

Strength and conditioning (S&C) coaches are assumed as performance professionals, but S&C may be utilised in athlete rehabilitation. Some S&C coaches collaborate with physiotherapists in athlete rehabilitation. The role of S&C coaches in athlete rehabilitation has been poorly documented. Therefore, this thesis aimed to clarify the role of S&C coaches in athlete rehabilitation using current literature and the perspectives of physiotherapists and S&C coaches. Firstly, a narrative literature review on the roles involved in athlete rehabilitation helped to theorise a role for S&C coaches. Current literature highlights a gap in performance training at the end of athlete rehabilitation that S&C coaches could fill. Secondly, semi-structured interviews were conducted in New Zealand (NZ) with four physiotherapists, four S&C coaches and one S&C coach with a physiotherapy background. A thematic analysis of the interview data identified thirteen themes that were analysed in four categories. These themes in their respective categories were: Current role (teamwork with the rehabilitation team, level of involvement, and physical roles), proposed role (teamwork with the rehabilitation team, level of involvement, and physical roles), variables (rehabilitation team structure, governance, relationships in the rehabilitation team, and the athlete), and significance (positive and negative). The theorised role from the literature is similar to the current perceived role of S&C coaches in athlete rehabilitation. Most S&C coaches seem to have a small role in the end stages of athlete rehabilitation and take over from physiotherapists to provide performance training. Participants thought that S&C coaches should have a much greater role than this. Participants thought that S&C coaches can provide performance context throughout the athlete rehabilitation process, but poor communication and collaboration with health professionals reduces their role. Participants thought S&C coaches should be minimally involved following a health professional’s diagnosis. Their involvement should then increase as athlete function improves and the physiotherapist’s role decreases. Their most significant involvement would be in performance training. Participants agreed that the S&C coach’s role should be flexible and account for the context of rehabilitation and their own personal skillset.
The Use of The Celta Frameworks to foster speaking skills in the English language classroom
Authors: Chiriboga-Gárate Verónica Vanessa , Vega-Auquilla Melita Vanessa 
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to analyze the effect of CELTA frameworks on the speaking skill development and motivation of students in a 4-month English as a foreign language (EFL) course in their senior year, while preparing for an international English language exam. The study collected data on students' speaking proficiency at pre-test and post-test. The results showed a significant increase in students' pronunciation, fluency, vocabulary, and grammatical accuracy, as well as high motivation to speak, confidence in using the language, and a recognition of the importance of teamwork through interaction with peers. It was concluded that the use of CELTA frameworks is an effective means of fostering language production in the English classroom. Recommendations for future research are included.
Storytelling to Improve Speaking Skills
Authors: Siavichay-Márquez Ana Cecilia , Guamán-Luna Martha Magdalena 
Published: March 2022

This study aims to establish the effectiveness of storytelling to increase the speaking skills of adolescent students at high school level; through, a mixed methods analysis using as data collection technique: the survey. This instrument was applied to tenth grade students of the Remigio Romero y Cordero Educational Unit in Cuenca. The survey was used to collect data to evaluate the impact of the oral expression activities and the students' perceptions, experiences, opinions and points of view. With these results obtained, a proposal emerges for the foreign language teachers of the Remigio Romero y Cordero Educational Unit in Cuenca, on the benefits of applying storytelling with adolescents, its effectiveness in improving the level of language proficiency and recommendations for its implementation in schools.
Ergonomic Analysis of Working without Fatigue and Increasing Work Productivity
Authors: Santoso Gempur , Prihono  
Published: March 2022

Currently, there is still hard work going on, but the income is not adequate. Therefore, it is necessary to show scientifically that working does not need to be tired, but with an ergonomic system, productivity increases.
This paper is made from various books or literature scientifically and analyzed and discussed descriptively.
Conclusion: first, at work, an ergonomic tool must be made, so that at work it is enough to use body energy of 5.0 kcal/hour to 5.2 kcal/hour, so that work is in the heavy category, because using ergonomic tools and systems becomes work in the light and even relaxed category. Second, the application of ergonomics in various fields of work can improve work optimally, and productivity can increase between 10% to 21.28%. Suggestion: It is better to work without wasting the body's energy which makes you tired easily, by providing equipment technology and ergonomic systems.