bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cholecystectomy Increases the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in the Korean Population
Authors: Huh Ji Hye , Lee Kyong Joo , Cho Yun Kyung , Moon Shinje , Kim Yoon Jung , Roh Eun , Han Kyung-do , Koh Dong Hee , Kang Jun Goo , Lee Seong Jin , Ihm Sung-Hee 
Published: September 2022

Objective:
This study assessed whether cholecystectomy is a risk factor for newly developed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Korean population.

Background:
There is a lack of evidence that cholecystectomy is independently associated with insulin resistance and T2DM.

Methods:
This study included all patients aged more than 20 years who had undergone cholecystectomy from 2010 to 2015 (n=55,166) and age-matched and sex-matched control subjects without cholecystectomy (n=110,332) using the National Health Insurance Service database. They were followed up until the date of newly developed T2DM or study end and the incidence of T2DM was traced over a maximum observation period of 7 years.

Results:
Overall, 55,166 patients who underwent cholecystectomy and 110,332 age-matched and sex-matched controls were followed up for ∼4.7 years, during which, incident T2DM occurred in 5982 (3.61%) patients. Cholecystectomy was associated with 20% higher risk of T2DM after adjustment for all covariates. The cumulative incidence of T2DM also significantly increased in the cholecystectomy group for ∼7 years (P<0.001). The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for T2DM was the highest in the group with both cholecystectomy and obesity using the control without both cholecystectomy and obesity as a reference [HR=1.41, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.29–1.56]. The group with cholecystectomy without obesity showed the comparable risk of incident T2DM compared with the group without cholecystectomy with obesity (HR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.20–1.40 for cholecystectomy without obesity and HR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.14–1.36 for control with obesity).

Conclusions:
These results provide evidence that cholecystectomy is associated with an increased risk of newly developed T2DM in the Korean population. Further research is required to elucidate the mechanism of the association between cholecystectomy and incident diabetes.
Operative Time is Associated With Postoperative Complications After Pulmonary Lobectomy
Authors: de Angelis Paolo , Tan Kay See , Chudgar Neel P. , Dycoco Joseph , Adusumilli Prasad S. , Bains Manjit S. , Bott Matthew J. , Downey Robert J. , Huang James , Isbell James M. , Molena Daniela , Park Bernard J. , Rusch Valerie W. , Sihag Smita , Jones David R. , Rocco Gaetano 
Published: September 2022

Objective:
To investigate the association between operative time and postoperative outcomes.

Background:
The association between operative time and morbidity after pulmonary lobectomy has not been characterized fully.

Methods:
Patients who underwent pulmonary lobectomy for primary lung cancer at our institution from 2010 to 2018 were reviewed. Exclusion criteria included clinical stage ≥IIb disease, conversion to thoracotomy, and previous ipsilateral lung treatment. Operative time was measured from incision to closure. Relationships between operative time and outcomes were quantified using multivariable mixed-effects models with surgeon-level random effects.

Results:
In total, 1651 patients were included. The median age was 68 years (interquartile range, 61–74), and 63% of patients were women. Median operative time was 3.2 hours (interquartile range, 2.7–3.8) for all cases, 3.0 hours for open procedures, 3.3 hours for video-assisted thoracoscopies, and 3.3 hours for robotic procedures (P=0.0002). Overall, 488 patients (30%) experienced a complication; 77 patients (5%) had a major complication (grade ≥3), and 5 patients (0.3%) died within 30 days of discharge. On multivariable analysis, operative time was associated with higher odds of any complication [odds ratio per hour, 1.37; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.20–1.57; P<0.0001] and major complication (odds ratio per hour, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.21–1.64; P<0.0001). Operative time was also associated with longer hospital length of stay (β, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.04–1.14; P=0.001).

Conclusions:
Longer operative time was associated with worse outcomes in patients who underwent lobectomy. Operative time is a potential risk factor to consider in the perioperative phase.
Resveratrol Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder—A Pilot Study
Authors: Marchezan Josemar , Deckmann Iohanna , da Fonseca Guilherme Cordenonsi , Margis Rogerio , Riesgo Rudimar , Gottfried Carmem 
Published: September 2022

Objectives
Considering autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as a neurodevelopmental condition associated with immune system impairments, we aimed to evaluate the potential benefits, efficacy, tolerability, and safety of the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective trans-resveratrol (RSV) in behavioral impairments and in a set of 8 microRNAs (miR) related to the immune system in pediatric subjects with ASD.

Methods
This is an open-label pilot trial over a 3 months (90 days) study follow-up period designed to assess the effect of 200 mg/d RSV on 5 boys aged 10 to 13 (11.8 ± 1.1) years diagnosed with ASD according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition.

Results
The RSV treatment significantly reduced the Aberrant Behavior Checklist total score (P = 0.042) and Irritability (P = 0.041), with no alteration in Stereotypical Behavior (P = 0.066), Hyperactivity (P = 0.068), and Lethargy/Social Withdrawal (P = 0.078) subscales. On the Clinical Global Impression scale, 3 individuals showed marked improvement in behavior; one showed mild improvement, and the other had no changes. The RSV treatment increased the miR-195-5p (P = 0.043), an important modulator of targets related to inflammatory and immunological pathways. RSV administration did not present adverse effects and did not alter clinical laboratory results.

Conclusions
RSV is a safe molecule for administrating in the pediatric population, able to modulate behavior alterations and molecules associated with the immune system, becoming a promising therapeutic strategy for large-scale studies in ASD, to investigate both behavioral and molecular approaches.
The Association between Emotional Intelligence and Depression among Medical Students in Suez Canal University
Authors: El Garhy Nada M. , Hegazy Ghada , Shata Merna , Ibrahim Mohamed , Kariem Hadeel Abdel , Eleleedy Alaa , Magdy Soliman , Mohamed Kareem 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundEmotional intelligence is defined as the capacity to be aware of, control, and express one’s emotions, and to handle interpersonal relationships judiciously and empathetically while depression is the loss of interest in daily activities that may be associated with altered dietary and sleep patterns, lowered self-esteem, feelings of guilt and worthlessness and recurrent thoughts of suicide.Previous studies that assess depression among medical students show variable results, which makes it difficult to conclude whether depression rates are higher exclusively in medical students. Moreover, previous studies have shown that emotion management leads to less stress and may allow for adaptation by allowing subjects to induce a more positive mood and may even prevent development of a mal-adaptive emotional state.AimTo improve mental health of medical students by identifying and modifying risk factors that may contribute to its deteriorationMethodsOur sample size is 149 students which were picked by stratified random sampling, where stratification was done on gender and study year. Students’ names of all six years were collected and then split according to study year, each study year was further splitt into two groups of males and females, which were selected from, based on a computerized random sampling. Two questionnaires were used; “Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire” (TEIQue) developed by K. V. Petrides, PhD, for emotional intelligence and Beck’s Inventory for depression measurement.ResultsOur sample is composed of 82 (response rate is 55%) students. Depression prevalence in our sample is 39%. And it significantly correlated negatively with emotional intelligence, where the most significant factor is well-being.ConclusionStressful lifestyle of medical students and lack of extracurricular activities and skill training programs lead to lowered emotional intelligence levels and depression. We recommend that their should be psychiatric counselling available for medical students, to lower depression prevalence among them, and introduce to curriculum life skill training programs to increase levels of emotional intelligence. We also recommend further studies about risks and causes of depression in Suez Canal University medical students to lower its prevalence, contributing to a better quality of life for the future physicians and thus of the patients.
bootRanges: Flexible generation of null sets of genomic ranges for hypothesis testing
Authors: Mu Wancen , Davis Eric , Lee Stuart , Dozmorov Mikhail , Phanstiel Douglas H. , Love Michael I. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractbootRanges provides fast functions for generation of bootstrapped genomic ranges representing the null sets in enrichment analysis. We show that shuffling or permutation schemes may result in overly narrow test statistics null distributions, while creating new ranges sets with a block bootstrap preserves local genomic correlation structure and generates more reliable null distributions. It can also be used in more complex analyses, such as accessing correlations between cis-regulatory elements (CREs) and genes across cell types or providing optimized thresholds, e.g. log fold change (logFC) from differential analysis. The bootRanges functions are available in the R/Bioconductor package nullranges at https://bioconductor.org/packages/nullranges.
Multichannel neural spike sorting with spike reduction and positional feature
Authors: Mohammadi Zeinab , Denman Daniel , Klug Achim , Lei Tim C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSorting neural voltages measured from a multichannel neural probe to extract the single unit activities of neuronal firing, especially in real-time, remains a significant technical challenge, largely due to the large amount of acquired data and the technical difficulties involved in processing and classifying these neural spikes promptly. Most neural spike sorting algorithms focus on sorting neural spikes post hoc for high sorting accuracy, and reducing the processing time generally is not the chief concern. Here we report on two signal processing modifications to our previously developed single-channel real-time spike sorting (Enhanced Growing Neural Gas) algorithm, which is largely based on graph network. Duplicated neural spikes were eliminated and represented by the neural spike with the strongest signal profile, significantly reducing the amount of neural data to be processed. In addition, the channel from which the representing neural spike was recorded was used as an additional feature to differentiate between neural spikes recorded from different neurons having similar temporal features. With these two modifications, the Graph nEtwork Multichannel (GEMsort) neural spike sorting algorithm can rapidly sort neural spikes without requiring significant computer processing power and system memory storage. The parallel processing architecture of GEMsort is particularly suitable for digital hardware implementation to improve processing speed and recording channel scalability. Multichannel synthetic neural spikes and actual neural recordings with Neuropixels probes were used to evaluate the sorting accuracies of the GEMsort algorithm.
Anxiety-like behaviors in mice unmasked: Revealing sex differences in anxiety using a novel light-heat conflict test
Authors: Lee Sydney E. , Park Sung-Hoon , Aldrich John C. , Fonken Laura K. , Gaudet Andrew D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAnxiety and chronic pain afflict hundreds of millions worldwide. Both anxiety and pain are more prevalent in females compared to males. Unfortunately, robust sex differences in human anxiety are not recapitulated in rodent tests, and results from rodent pain studies frequently fail to translate clinically. Therefore, there is a need to develop tests that reflect the differential salience of anxiety or pain-related stimuli between the sexes. Accordingly, here we introduce the Thermal Increments Dark-Light (TIDAL) conflict test. The TIDAL test places an anxiety-relevant stimulus (dark vs. illuminated chamber) in conflict with a heat-related stimulus (incrementally heated vs. isothermic chamber); mice freely explore the dark-heating and illuminated-isothermic chambers. Here, we aim to determine whether the TIDAL conflict test reveals in mice underappreciated sex differences in anxiety and/or heat sensitivity. We establish in four distinct experiments that females on the TIDAL conflict test persist substantially longer on the dark-heated plate, suggesting that females as compared to males exhibit elevated anxiety-like behavior. Mice more strongly prefer the dark plate on the TIDAL conflict test compared to control thermal place preference with both chambers illuminated. We also reveal that an anxiety-relieving drug, paroxetine, reduces mouse preference for the heating dark plate, supporting the validity of the TIDAL test. Therefore, our new TIDAL conflict test reliably unmasks the relative salience of anxiety (vs. heat sensitivity): mice that are female exhibit robust anxiety-like behaviors not consistently observed in classical tests. Future studies should incorporate TIDAL and other conflict tests to better understand rodent behavior and to identify mechanisms underlying anxiety and pain.
Predicting predator-prey interactions in terrestrial endotherms using random forest
Authors: Llewelyn John , Strona Giovanni , Dickman Christopher R. , Greenville Aaron C. , Wardle Glenda M. , Lee Michael S. Y. , Doherty Seamus , Shabani Farzin , Saltré Frédérik , Bradshaw Corey J. A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSpecies interactions play a fundamental role in ecosystems. However, few ecological communities have complete data describing such interactions, which is an obstacle to understanding how ecosystems function and respond to perturbations. Because it is often impractical to collect empirical data for all interactions in a community, various methods have been developed to infer interactions. Machine learning is increasingly being used for making interaction predictions, with random forest being one of the most frequently used of these methods. However, performance of random forest in inferring predator-prey interactions in terrestrial vertebrates and its sensitivity to training data quality remain untested. We examined predator-prey interactions in two diverse, primarily terrestrial vertebrate classes: birds and mammals. Combining data from a global interaction dataset and a specific community (Simpson Desert, Australia), we tested how well random forest predicted predator-prey interactions for mammals and birds using species’ ecomorphological and phylogenetic traits. We also tested how variation in training data quality—manipulated by removing records and switching interaction records to non-interactions—affected model performance. We found that random forest could predict predator-prey interactions for birds and mammals using ecomorphological or phylogenetic traits, correctly predicting up to 88% and 67% of interactions and non-interactions in the global and community-specific datasets, respectively. These predictions were accurate even when there were no records in the training data for focal species. In contrast, false non-interactions for focal predators in training data strongly degraded model performance. Our results demonstrate that random forest can identify predator-prey interactions for birds and mammals that have few or no interaction records. Furthermore, our study provides guidance on how to prepare training data to optimise machine-learning classifiers for predicting species interactions, which could help ecologists (i) address knowledge gaps and explore network-related questions in data-poor situations, and (ii) predict interactions for range-expanding species.
Spring growth variation in pioneer and fibrous roots inAbies sachalinensisseedlings from provenances with contrasting snow cover environments
Authors: Sugai Tetsuto , Ishizuka Wataru , Masumoto Taiga , Endo Izuki , Ide Jun’ichiro , Fujita Saki , Kobayashi Makoto , Makita Naoki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPremise of researchIn boreal forests with various snow cover conditions, local adaptation can be expected in spring root exploration due to soil freezing or competition for the fundamental niche. However, few studies have investigated the adaptive strategies for acquiring soil space and resources after snow thawing. To get insights for the eco-evolutional significance of root growth dynamics in boreal regions, this study evaluated the intraspecific variation of morphology and structures in pioneer roots and fibrous roots.MethodologyValidation model specie wasAbies sachalinensis, a representative boreal conifer species with local adaptation. Five-year-old seedlings derived from an eastern provenance with low snow cover and a northern provenance with high snow cover were grown for two years in a common garden of high snow cover region. To predict spring growth patterns of roots, seedlings were dug up in early spring just after snow thawing and late spring after one month has passed. Pioneer roots exploring soil space and fibrous roots acquiring soil resource were respectively collected, and their functions were evaluated by morphology and structures indicating its construction costs and maturity.Pivotal resultsIn pioneer roots, morphological and structural difference between sampling months were significant only in northern provenance, and high construction cost and well-developed structure were observed in early spring. This represents the intraspecific variation in reaction norms of pioneer roots to spring soil environment, indicating the soil space exploration in northern provenance may start in early spring or earlier. In fibrous roots, differences of specific root length and area between sampling months were significant only in eastern provenance, and low construction cost were observed in early spring. This may reflect the plastic responses of fibrous roots to the condition of high snow cover region.ConclusionsThis study indicated that local adaptation to contrasting snow cover condition may lead to the differentiation of spring root growth dynamics for the competitive or conservative strategies. Our results address better understandings of the mechanisms of niche acquisition in evergreen conifer.
Relationship between social support and resilience among nurses: a systematic review
Authors: Galanis Petros , Katsiroumpa Aglaia , Vraka Irene , Siskou Olga , Konstantakopoulou Olympia , Katsoulas Theodoros , Kaitelidou Daphne 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundHigh levels of stress and anxiety in nurses negatively affect their physical and mental health and lead to poor job performance, limited job satisfaction, high levels of burnout and increased intention to leave the profession. By promoting resilience in nurses it is possible to reduce negative consequences for those working in highly stressful workplaces.ObjectiveTo summarize the evidence about the relationship between social support and resilience among nurses.MethodsWe performed a systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. We searched Pubmed, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cinahl from inception to August 28, 2022 using the following search strategy in all fields: ((resilience) AND (“social support”)) AND (nurses).ResultsApplying the inclusion criteria, we found six studies that investigated the relationship between social support and resilience among nurses. Two studies were conducted in China, two studies in Turkey, one study in Haiti, and one study in Taiwan. All studies were cross-sectionals and used convenience samples. All studies found a positive relationship between social support and resilience among nurses. In studies that used multivariable analysis, coefficient beta ranged from 0.13 to 0.69, while in studies that used correlation analysis, correlation coefficient ranged from 0.18 to 0.37.ConclusionsWe found that social support improves resilience among nurses. It is necessary to make systematic efforts to support nurses especially in the workplace. This need is even greater for inexperienced nurses, as it is more difficult for them to cope effectively with the difficulties of the profession. A harmonious working environment is essential to reduce the psychological pressure of nurses and improve job performance.
The Cilialyzer – a freely available open-source software for a standardised identification of impaired mucociliary activity facilitating the diagnostic testing for PCD
Authors: Schneiter Martin , Tschanz Stefan A. , Müller Loretta , Frenz Martin 
Published: September 2022

Background and ObjectivePrimary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare genetic disorder causing a defective ciliary structure, which predominantly leads to an impaired mucociliary clearance and associated airway disease. As there is currently no single diagnostic gold standard test, PCD is diagnosed by a combination of several methods comprising genetic testing and the examination of the ciliary structure and function. Among the approved diagnostic methods, only high-speed video microscopy (HSVM) allows to directly observe the ciliary motion and therefore, to directly assess ciliary function. In the present work, we present our recently developed freely available open-source software – termed “Cilialyzer”, which has been specifically designed to support and facilitate the analysis of the mucociliary activity in respiratory epithelial cells captured by high-speed video microscopy.MethodsIn its current state, the Cilialyzer software enables clinical PCD diagnosticians to load, preprocess and replay the image sequences with a feature-rich replaying module facilitating the commonly performed qualitative visual assessment of ciliary function. The image processing methods made accessible through an intuitive user interface allow clinical specialists to comfortably compute the ciliary beating frequency (CBF), the activity map and the “frequency correlation length” – an observable getting newly introduced. Furthermore, the Cilialyzer contains a simple-to-use particle tracking interface to determine the mucociliary transport speed.ResultsThe Cilialyzer is fully written in the Python programming language and freely available under the terms of the MIT license. The proper functioning of the computational analysis methods constituting the Cilialyzer software is demonstrated by using simulated and representative sample data from clinical practice.ConclusionsThe Cilialyzer serves as a useful clinical tool for standardised PCD diagnostics and provides new quantitative information awaiting to be clinically evaluated using cohorts of PCD. As the Cilialyzer is freely available under the terms of a permissive open-source license, it serves as a ground frame for further development of computational methods aiming at the quantification and automation of the analysis of mucociliary activity captured by HSVM.