bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Centric versus eccentric engine‐driven endodontic instrument design for microbial load reduction—A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised clinical trials
Authors: Jose Jerry , Teja Kavalipurapu Venkata , Silva Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal , Janani Krishnamachari , Siddique Riluwan , Rossi‐Fedele Giampiero 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis systematic review assessed the clinical influence of centric and eccentric engine‐driven instrument design for reduction in microbial load in infected root canal system. The literature search was conducted in electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Lilacs and Google Scholar) and grey literature till June 2022. The search strategy followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Qualitative and quantitative synthesis was conducted based on the guidelines of the Cochrane Handbook. The risk of bias was assessed using the revised Cochrane criteria and quality of evidence was conducted using the Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation tool. Out of 28 papers, only five papers met the inclusion criteria of this review. Studies showed reduction in microbial load after instrumentation using centric or eccentric instruments with no statistically significant difference in the meta‐analysis. In conclusion, there is low‐grade evidence suggesting that microbial reduction is similar using centric and eccentric instruments.
Maternal genetic diversity of ancient goats in Finland and Estonia and comparison with extant northern European goat breeds
Authors: Rannamäe Eve , Saarma Urmas , Kantanen Juha , Bläuer Auli 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCountries in the northern Baltic Sea region have been historically linked for thousands of years, and animal husbandry is one of the many information sources that enables the study of historical connections. Although goat husbandry in this part of Europe has been evidenced by scant archaeological materials, zooarchaeological and historical evidence has revealed its continuity, at least since the Late Iron Age. To explore the historical relationship between goat lineages and investigate affinities between the past and present‐day populations in the Baltic Sea region, we analysed a 476‐bp fragment of the mitochondrial DNA control region in 14 ancient goats from Finland and Estonia and 10 extant goats from Finland. The results revealed high mitochondrial diversity among the ancient goats. Two maternal lineages were shared between the Late Iron Age and medieval individuals from Finland and Estonia. Moreover, ancient Finnish and Estonian goats showed maternal affinity to extant Finngoat and Swedish Landrace breeds. Overall, the analysis of maternal goat lineages confirmed tight historical connections in the region.
Bullous pemphigoid associated with anti‐programmed cell death protein 1 and anti‐programmed cell death ligand 1 therapy: A case series of 13 patients
Authors: Yun Jenny S. W. , Chan On Bon , Goh Michelle , McCormack Christopher J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe present a case series of 13 patients, the first Australian single‐centre study of bullous pemphigoid (BP) associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI): cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte antigen (CTLA4) and programmed cell death receptor (PD1) inhibitors. All our patients achieved adequate control of BP with a combination of treatments including oral prednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin, rituximab and omalizumab. The majority of patients ceased or interrupted immunotherapy treatment upon diagnosis of BP and greater tumour progression was seen in the cohort who ceased immunotherapy.
Combined procedures for surgical short bowel syndrome: experience from two European centres
Authors: Gigola Francesca , Coletta Riccardo , Certini Martina , Del Riccio Marco , Forsythe Lynette , Morabito Antonino 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAutologous gastrointestinal reconstructive surgery (AGIR) has become a key component of intestinal rehabilitation programs. However, the best surgical option for short bowel syndrome (SBS) remains unknown. This paper presents our experience using combined procedures as primary treatment.MethodsWe collected data on SBS patients who underwent surgery from 2008 to 2021 in two tertiary European Centres. Combined procedures were defined as more than one technique used on the same patient. Charts were reviewed for demographics, type of procedures, complications, and outcomes. Data are presented as median and IQR. Wilcoxon signed rank was used for all paired analyses.ResultsTwenty‐one children (12 females) underwent combined procedures. Preoperative median small bowel length was 20 cm (IQR: 15–35 cm); after lengthening, it was 35.5 cm (IQR: 30.75–50.50 cm) (P < 0.001). Combined procedures were simultaneous in 15 patients and sequential in 6. At a median of 9.2 years (IQR: 7.55–9.78 years) follow‐up, complications were three bowel obstructions after strictures of anastomosis and two wound infections. Two patients achieved enteral autonomy, and others followed a weaning home parenteral nutrition regimen with a median of 4 nights off (IQR: 3–4 nights) starting with a median of 7 nights (IQR: 7–7 nights).ConclusionsCombined AGIR techniques are practical and safe in SBS treatment when tailored to meet patients' needs, combining lengthening, tailoring, and reducing transit time procedures. Therefore, combined AGIR may be considered a resource in intestinal rehabilitation units' armamentarium.
Cardiac findings in newborn twins
Authors: Molin Julie , Pærregaard Maria Munk , Pihl Christian , Thygesen Caroline Boye , Pietersen Adrian , Dannesbo Sofie , Norsk Jakob Boesgaard , Raja Anna Axelsson , Vøgg Ruth Ottilia B. , Sillesen Anne‐Sophie , Iversen Kasper Karmark , Bundgaard Henning , Christensen Alex Hørby 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsTo evaluate cardiac findings in newborn twins from the general population and investigate if newborn twins may require systematic evaluation of cardiac parameters.MethodsProspective cohort study of newborns with cardiac evaluation performed during the first month of life. Cardiac findings were compared 1:3 with matched singletons.ResultsWe included 412 newborn twins (16% monochorionic; 50% boys) and 1236 singletons. Comparing cardiac findings showed twins had an increased prevalence of non‐severe structural heart disease (most common: ventricular septal defects in both groups), thinner left ventricular posterior wall in diastole (LVPWd; 1.82 vs. 1.87 mm, p = 0.02), smaller diameter of the left atrium (10.6 vs. 11.1 mm, p = 0.04), higher heart rate (148 vs. 144 bpm, p = 0.04), more left‐shifted QRS axis (106 vs. 111°, p < 0.001), and lower maximum R‐wave amplitude in V1 (927 vs. 1015 μV, p = 0.02) compared to singletons. After multifactorial adjustment for potential confounders, the effect of twinning on cardiac parameters persisted only for LVPWd (p < 0.05).ConclusionDespite contemporary surveillance, we found an increased prevalence of non‐severe structural heart disease in a population‐based cohort of newborn twins. However, the effect of twinning on cardiac parameters was modest and generally did not persist after correction for likely confounding factors.
IKKα kinase silencing increases doxorubicin‐induced apoptosis through regulation of oxidative DNA damage response in colon cancer cells
Authors: Gao Jianen , Zhu Lei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe inhibitor of kappa B kinase alpha (IKKα) is demonstrated to be involved in the various aspects of cancer biology, from its initiation, to progression, metastasis, and drug resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of IKKα in doxorubicin (DOX)‐mediated induction in apoptosis in SW‐480 colon cancer cells. Cells were transfected with siRNA against IKKα and treated with DOX. MTT assay was applied to measure SW‐480 cell proliferation. The mRNA levels of γ‐H2AX within cells were assessed by qRT‐PCR. 8‐Hydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanosine was measured by ELISA. The formation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by fluorometry. The antioxidant activities of some enzymes were also determined. For evaluation of apoptosis, ELISA assay was applied. IKKα silencing dramatically increased the doxorubicin cytotoxic effects. In addition, IKKα silencing substantially overexpressed γ‐H2AX in SW‐480 cells. Furthermore, upon IKKα silencing, the levels of ROS were elevated and the antioxidant defense system was significantly weakened. In addition, IKKα silencing led to the enhancement of apoptotic cells in doxorubicin‐treated SW‐480 cells. Co‐treatment of IKKα and doxorubicin led to the enhanced cellular cytotoxicity via robosting ROS formation, inducing oxidative DNA damage, and decreasing cellular antioxidant defense, and finally potent apoptosis induction in cancer cell lines.
Primary flap closure in alveolar ridge preservation for periodontally damaged extraction socket: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Seo Gil‐Jong , Lim Hyun‐Chang , Chang Dong‐Wook , Hong Ji‐Youn , Shin Seung‐Il , Kim Gyutae , Shin Seung‐Yun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe effect of primary wound closure (PC) on alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) in periodontally damaged sockets has yet to be fully discovered.MethodsPeriodontally damaged sockets were allocated to one of the following groups: (1) ARP with PC (group PC), and (2) ARP without PC (group secondary wound closure [SC]). Following tooth extraction and flap elevation, granule‐type xenogeneic bone substitute material and a collagen barrier were applied. Ridge change was evaluated using cone‐beam computed tomographic (CBCT) scans immediately after ARP and at 4 months. Core biopsy specimens were examined histomorphometrically.ResultsA total of 28 patients were included in the analysis (13 in group PC, 15 in group SC). Histomorphometrically, the percentage of newly formed bone was 26.2 ± 17.7% and 24.6 ± 18.4% in groups PC and SC, respectively (independent t‐test, degree of freedom [df] = 25, p > 0.05). Horizontal ridge changes on CBCT were −4.9 ± 3.1 mm and − 4.2 ± 2.5 mm in groups PC and SC at the 1 mm level below the ridge crest, respectively (independent t‐test, df = 26, p > 0.05). Approximately half of the sites required additional bone augmentation at implant placement.ConclusionsARP with/without PC yielded similar new bone formation and radiographic ridge change.This clinical trial was not registered prior to participant recruitment and randomization (https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/detailSearch.do/19718).
Investigating the potential non‐authorized use of two different formulations of liraglutide in Europe: A real‐world drug utilization study
Authors: Sbraccia Paolo , Aberle Jens , Olsen Anne Helene , Rathor Naveen , Major‐Pedersen Atheline 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimTo assess the in‐market use of Saxenda (liraglutide 3.0 mg) and Victoza (liraglutide 1.2 mg/1.8 mg) according to approved indications and posology.Materials and methodsThis retrospective, non‐interventional study was conducted at 41 sites from December 2016 to May 2019. Via medical record review, physicians at each site identified patients who had been prescribed Saxenda (Italy) or Victoza (Italy/Germany) within the 24 months following launch in each country. Pseudonymized data were abstracted on patient and site characteristics, indication for the prescription, posology and duration of usage. Adherence to the approved indications and posology, and to the Saxenda stopping rule, were assessed. No formal statistical analysis was performed.ResultsA total of 440 patients were prescreened and 225 (51.1%) were enrolled (Saxenda: N = 75, all in Italy; Victoza: N = 75 in Italy and N = 75 in Germany). In all, 96% (72/75) of Saxenda prescriptions, and 98.7% (148/150) of Victoza, were in accordance with the approved indications. Among the 40 patients treated with Saxenda for 16 weeks or longer, only two (5.0%) were confirmed as non‐adherent to the stopping rule. Adherence could not be assessed in 23 (57.5%) patients because of missing body weight measurements.ConclusionsThis retrospective, real‐world post‐authorization safety study provides reassurance that Saxenda and Victoza are primarily used according to the approved European label, thus their real‐world utilization did not raise safety concerns.
Changes in the use of glucose‐lowering drugs: A Danish nationwide study
Authors: Pottegård Anton , Andersen Jacob H. , Søndergaard Jens , Thomsen Reimar W. , Vilsbøll Tina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimTo investigate changes in the pattern of drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes in Denmark from 2005 to 2021.Materials and MethodsA nationwide, population‐based drug utilization study based on medical databases covering the Danish population was conducted. We assessed incident and prevalent use patterns among all 441 205 individuals initiating at least one non‐insulin, glucose‐lowering drug.ResultsThe rate of new users of non‐insulin, glucose‐lowering drugs increased from 2005, peaked in 2011, decreased to stable levels during 2013 to 2019, then increased dramatically during 2020‐2021. The prevalence of use increased from 2.1% (in 2005) to 5.0% (in 2021) of the entire adult population. In 2021, metformin comprised 39% of all glucose‐lowering drug consumption, followed by insulin (17%), sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors (SGLT‐2is) (17%), glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RAs) (16%) and dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors (7.5%). Overall, 56% of users were on monotherapy, 28% used dual therapy, while 13% and 2.8% used three and four drug classes, respectively. Both the intensity and diversity of therapies increased substantially over time, with 15 different treatment regimens each covering more than 1% of users in 2021. General practitioners prescribed 88% of all glucose‐lowering drugs. Marked shifts towards GLP‐1RA initiation by general practitioners and SGLT‐2i initiation by specialists were observed, and changing user profiles suggested increasing use for non‐diabetes indications.ConclusionsThe rate of new users of non‐insulin, glucose‐lowering drugs has increased in recent years and the prevalence of glucose‐lowering drug use increases steadily. Glucose‐lowering drugs are mainly prescribed by general practitioners, and the intensity, diversity and indications of glucose‐lowering treatment are increasing.
Impact of hydraulic forces on the passage of round goby (Neogobius melanostomus), gudgeon (Gobio gobio) and bullhead (Cottus gobio) in a vertical slot fish pass
Authors: Wiegleb Joschka , Hirsch Philipp E. , Seidel Frank , Rauter Georg , Burkhardt‐Holm Patricia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEvery fish migrating upstream through vertical slot fish passes must swim through slots, where the resistance force of flowing water could affect the passage success. We measured the hydraulic force acting on the body of preserved benthic fish in a vertical slot at different water discharge rates (80 and 130 L/s) to compare the hydraulic burden individual fish species (round goby Neogobius melanostomus Pallas, 1814, gudgeon Gobio gobio L. and bullhead Cottus gobio L.) must overcome. The forces measured in three spatial axes were then compared to acoustic Doppler velocity measurements and the passage probability of 39–45 live fish per species. Passage probability reduction of 28.26% for round goby and 39.29% for bullhead was observed at the higher water discharge. Gudgeon showed increased numbers of passages and approaches when larger hydraulic forces were experienced at 130 L/s compared to the lower water discharge. Gudgeon experienced significantly lower hydraulic forces (mean 0.27 N ± 0.12 standard deviation) compared to round goby (mean 0.32 N ± 0.12 SD) and bullhead (0.35 N ± 0.14 SD). Potentially, the increased hydraulic forces at the higher water discharge contributed to the reduction in passages in round goby and bullhead. That gudgeon behaved differently from the other species illustrates how fish species deal differently with flowing water and the hydraulic forces experienced. Our approach provides a species‐oriented assessment of the flow field in ecologically relevant fish passes. These findings represent an important step towards the development of purposeful fish pass designs, which is essential for ecosystem‐oriented river connectivity.
Vitamin E depletion is associated with subclinical axonal degeneration in juvenile horses
Authors: Donnelly Callum G. , Finno Carrie J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundPhosphorylated neurofilament heavy, a marker of neuroaxonal damage, is increased in horses with equine neuroaxonal dystrophy. However, the temporal dynamics of this biomarker during the post‐natal risk period are not understood.ObjectiveTo measure serum and cerebrospinal fluid phosphorylated neurofilament heavy concentrations in juvenile foals across the post‐natal window of susceptibility for equine neuroaxonal dystrophy.Study designCase–control in vivo experimental study.MethodsConcentrations of phosphorylated neurofilament heavy were measured using frozen serum and cerebrospinal fluid collected from 13 foals raised in a vitamin E deficient environment from 1 to 6 months of age. Four of these foals were produced by equine neuroaxonal dystrophy‐affected dams, developed clinical signs consistent with equine neuroaxonal dystrophy and had a diagnosis confirmed by histopathology. The remaining nine foals, produced by healthy mares, were vitamin E depleted and remained clinically healthy. An additional cohort of foals, produced by healthy mares, were supplemented with vitamin E (α‐tocopherol; α‐TOH) from birth and sampled similarly.ResultsSerum α‐TOH concentrations were significantly higher in vitamin E supplemented healthy foals. Serum phosphorylated neurofilament heavy concentrations did not differ significantly between groups at any time point. Cerebrospinal fluid phosphorylated neurofilament heavy concentrations increased with age in healthy vitamin E depleted foals (p < 0.001); an effect that was not observed in healthy vitamin E supplemented foals.Main limitationsA genetically susceptible cohort supplemented with vitamin E was not available for comparison.ConclusionWe demonstrate that vitamin E depletion may elevate cerebrospinal fluid phosphorylated neurofilament heavy in otherwise healthy juvenile foals by 6 months of age. We highlight an important cofactor to consider when interpreting cerebrospinal fluid phosphorylated neurofilament heavy concentrations in juvenile horses.
A novel double keys adapted elliptic curve cryptography and log normalized Gaussian sigmoid adaptive neuro‐fuzzy interference system based secure resource allocation system in decentralized cloud storage
Authors: Karuppasamy Lakshmanan , Vasudevan Venkatraman 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCloud computing has emerged as a promising platform that grants users direct yet shared access to computing resources and services without worrying about the internal complex infrastructure. However, secure data storage and data retrieval is the basic characteristics. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel double keys adapted elliptic curve cryptography (DKECC) and log normalized Gaussian sigmoid adaptive neuro‐fuzzy interference system (LGS‐ANFIS) based secure resource allocation system in decentralized cloud storage. Initially, the input data undergoes data fragmentation. After that, encryption is carried out using DKECC algorithm. Next, hash code generation using Pearson hash function is done. Then, resource availability is estimated via logistic sine chaotic mapping indulged rock hyraxes swarm optimization technique. Afterwards, data is checked for deduplication. Finally, resource allocation through LGS‐ANFIS takes place. The experimental outcomes demonstrated better results compared to baseline techniques. The modelling process showed that the suggested safe resource allocation model achieves the total security level of 96.27% while also having shorter reaction times (3018 ms), greater throughputs (1258), reduced load balancing (0.355874), and reduced latency (4372 ms).
NLRP3 activation contributes to endothelin‐1‐induced erectile dysfunction
Authors: Sobrano Fais Rafael , Menezes da Costa Rafael , Carvalho Mendes Allan , Mestriner Fabíola , Comerma‐Steffensen Simon Gabriel , Tostes Rita C. , Simonsen Ulf , Silva Carneiro Fernando 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the present study, we hypothesized that endothelin (ET) receptors (ETA and ETB) stimulation, through increased calcium and ROS formation, leads to Nucleotide Oligomerization Domain‐Like Receptor Family, Pyrin Domain Containing 3 (NLRP3) activation. Intracavernosal pressure (ICP/MAP) was measured in C57BL/6 (WT) mice. Functional and immunoblotting assays were performed in corpora cavernosa (CC) strips from WT, NLRP3−/− and caspase−/− mice in the presence of ET‐1 (100 nM) and vehicle, MCC950, tiron, BAPTA AM, BQ123, or BQ788. ET‐1 reduced the ICP/MAP in WT mice, and MCC950 prevented the ET‐1 effect. ET‐1 decreased CC ACh‐, sodium nitroprusside (SNP)‐induced relaxation, and increased caspase‐1 expression. BQ123 an ETA receptor antagonist reversed the effect. The ETB receptor antagonist BQ788 also reversed ET‐1 inhibition of ACh and SNP relaxation. Additionally, tiron, BAPTA AM, and NLRP3 genetic deletion prevented the ET‐1‐induced loss of ACh and SNP relaxation. Moreover, BQ123 diminished CC caspase‐1 expression, while BQ788 increased caspase‐1 and IL‐1β levels in a concentration‐dependent manner (100 nM–10 μM). Furthermore, tiron and BAPTA AM prevented ET‐1‐induced increase in caspase‐1. In addition, BAPTA AM blocked ET‐1‐induced ROS generation. In conclusion, ET‐1‐induced erectile dysfunction depends on ETA‐ and ETB‐mediated activation of NLRP3 in mouse CC via Ca2+‐dependent ROS generation.
Testing drivers of acoustic divergence in cicadas (Cicadidae: Tettigettalna)
Authors: Mendes Raquel , Nunes Vera L. , Marabuto Eduardo , Costa Gonçalo J. , Silva Sara E. , Paulo Octávio S. , Simões Paula C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDivergence in acoustic signals may have a crucial role in the speciation process of animals that rely on sound for intra‐specific recognition and mate attraction. The acoustic adaptation hypothesis (AAH) postulates that signals should diverge according to the physical properties of the signalling environment. To be efficient, signals should maximize transmission and decrease degradation. To test which drivers of divergence exert the most influence in a speciose group of insects, we used a phylogenetic approach to the evolution of acoustic signals in the cicada genus Tettigettalna, investigating the relationship between acoustic traits (and their mode of evolution) and body size, climate and micro‐/macro‐habitat usage. Different traits showed different evolutionary paths. While acoustic divergence was generally independent of phylogenetic history, some temporal variables’ divergence was associated with genetic drift. We found support for ecological adaptation at the temporal but not the spectral level. Temporal patterns are correlated with micro‐ and macro‐habitat usage and temperature stochasticity in ways that run against the AAH predictions, degrading signals more easily. These traits are likely to have evolved as an anti‐predator strategy in conspicuous environments and low‐density populations. Our results support a role of ecological selection, not excluding a likely role of sexual selection in the evolution of Tettigettalna calling songs, which should be further investigated in an integrative approach.