bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral health knowledge, attitude and practice among children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Meshki Razie , Khataminia Masoumeh , Jokar Zeinab , Veisi Mohammad Salehi 
Published: September 2022

Introduction and Objective:
The prevalence of tooth decay and chronic gingivitis is higher in people with diabetes than in healthy people. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes towards oral diseases.

Methods:
A descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 182 patients less than 25 years of age with type 1 diabetes referred to Golestan Clinic in Ahvaz during 2015-2020. The questionnaire consisted of four sections of demographic information, different dimensions of KAP questionnaire was used to collect data about oral health. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 22 using Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-square tests. The significance level was considered of P < 0.05.

Results:
The results of the present study showed that 65% of patients had a moderate and low level of knowledge and attitude. Only 13.7% of patients with diabetes reported good levels of oral health performance. Parent’s level of education, patient age and urbanization significantly improved the level of KAP of children and adolescents with diabetes towards oral health (P < 0.05). The effect of knowledge on attitude and practice of individuals and also the effect of attitude on practice was positive and significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Considering that the KAP of 50% of patients were at low and medium levels, therefore it seems necessary to provide an appropriate solution in order to improve the level of KAP of diabetic patients in relation to oral health.
Prevalence of tobacco-associated oral mucosal lesion in Hazaribagh population: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Choudhary Anand , Kesarwani Pallavi , Chakrabarty Sagnik , Yadav Vijay K. , Srivastava Parul 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Smoking and chewing tobacco carry significant risks for the development of oral cancer and premalignant lesions. The present study was conducted to find the prevalence of tobacco-related habits in Hazaribagh population and its association with oral mucosal lesion.

Methodology:
The present study was carried out on patients who visited the Department of Oral Medicine And Radiology, Hazaribagh College of Dental Sciences And Hospital. A total of 5,000 subjects were screened for tobacco-related habits and associated mucosal changes. Detailed clinical history about tobacco-related habits was obtained. Oral mucosal lesions were screened using the WHO format for diagnosis of oral lesions. The findings were tabulated and analyzed statistically.

Results:
Of the 5,000 subjects enrolled for the study, 1,085 (21.7%) used tobacco in some forms. Habit of smoking tobacco was present among 273 (25.2%) and using smokeless tobacco among 811 (74.7%) individuals. Tobacco pouch keratosis (46.1%) was found to be most common lesion, followed by oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) (16.1%), lichenoid reaction (14.1%), smokers palate/melanosis (12.2%), leukoplakia (7.2%), erythroplakia (2.3%), and oral cancer in (2%).

Conclusion:
The results provide insight into prevalent tobacco habits and associated oral mucosal lesions in Hazaribagh population. These may act as baseline data for the formulation of preventive programs and help future studies explore the prevalence of tobacco-associated lesions in vulnerable populations. Current knowledge, including findings from the present study, about the prevalence of tobacco use and various oral lesions associated with it may help primary health care physicians to promote among patients visiting them the awareness about the adverse effects of tobacco consumption and treatment options available for tobacco-related lesions at the early stage.
A rare presentation of gastrointestinal stromal tumor arising from a meckel’s diverticulum: A case report
Authors: Patel Aditya , Yeola Meenakshi , Gharde Pankaj 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The most common congenital gastrointestinal tract abnormality is Meckel’s diverticulum, affecting 1% to 2% of the population. Meckel’s diverticulum can sometimes house a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), which is a rare malignant tumor. A 63-year-old man presented with occult melena. It turns out to be a GIST developing from Meckel’s diverticulum after an exploratory laparotomy. Occult melena is one of the causes of unexplained and intractable anemia. Every family and general physician should keep in mind the possibility of occult blood loss via the gastrointestinal tract when treating the patient.
Chest CT severity score as a predictor of mortality and short-term prognosis in COVID-19
Authors: Jayachandran Ajith K. , Nelson Vincy , Shajahan Mohammad Easa 
Published: September 2022

Background:
As India was slowly coming out of shock from the second wave wrecked by the Delta strain, the world population is now struck once again with a new strain of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), designated as B.1.1.529, named as OMICRON. Though several international studies have evaluated the role of computed tomography (CT) in diagnosis, predicting prognosis, and monitoring the progression of disease, to our best knowledge, there are no Indian studies published in this context.

Objective:
(1) To determine the use of chest CT severity score as predictor of mortality in COVID-19 patients. (2) To determine the prognosis based on length of hospital stay.

Materials and Methods:
A observational cohort study was done at Travancore Medical College Hospital. A retrospective analysis of patients who presented to the Emergency Medicine Department with a positive COVID antigen or reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results and those who underwent a CT chest at the time of presentation was conducted. Data was analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16. Descriptive statistics such as mean, frequency, and percentages were calculated. Chi-square test was used to find the statistical significance. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to evaluate the relationship between CT score and mortality, which was compared with the log-rank test.

Results:
A total of 252 patients with positive COVID antigen or RT-PCR who underwent CT chest were included in our study. Our study population was composed of 139 (55.2%) males and 113 (44.8%) females. Only one patient with mild CT severity score required >14 days of ICU stay, whereas two (2%) and five (9.6%) patients with moderate and severe CT severity score, respectively, required ICU stay for >14 days. The P value was 0.001, which again is statistically significant. In our study, out of 44 patients categorized under mild CT severity score, only two (4.5%) patients had expired. Out of 98 patients categorized under moderate CT severity score, 14 (14.3%) patients had expired, whereas out of 52 patients categorized under severe CT severity score at the time of admission, 25 (48.1%) patients had expired. The P value was 0.001, which is statistically significant.

Conclusion:
Our study could prove that patients with CT severity score ≥15 had high risk of mortality and required prolonged ICU stay of >5 days. CT severity score helps the primary care physicians to predict probable outcome and length of hospital stay at the time of admission itself and allocate the limited resources appropriately.
Assessment of response of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in carcinoma breast patients by high-frequency ultrasound
Authors: Dighe Sajika , Shinde Raju , Shinde Sangita , Verma Prince 
Published: September 2022

Aim:
To assess the response of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in carcinoma breast patients by high-frequency ultrasound.

Material and Method:
The current single blind, observational study was conducted at rural tertiary healthcare center of Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital from October 2018 to Sept 2020. We incorporated breast cancer patients with TNM stages IIIA and IIIB who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with Cyclophosphamide/Adriamycin/5 FU and Paclitaxel respectively followed by standard surgical procedure modified radical mastectomy. Successive ultrasound examination of the breast malignancy and the axilla was done after 21 days of either of any neoadjuvant chemotherapy for 3 cycles. Assessment of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was applied in terms of reduction in the breast tumour volume on ultrasound and percentage of tumour response calculated by Response Evaluation Criteria for Solid Tumours (RECIST). Data were analysed using SPSS version 24.0.

Results:
Higher frequency of patients was invasive ductal breast cancer. In our study, Paclitaxel group showed better response in terms of CR and PR than CAF group. Our study noticed a consistent decrement in tumour volume after every cycle of either CAF or Paclitaxel NACT. Axillary ultrasound was able to predict the response of axillary lymph nodes in terms of increase or decrease in number and morphological changes after 3 cycles of NACT with similarity on final histopathology.

Conclusion:
It can be concluded from the results of the present study that high-frequency ultrasound is appropriate tool for assessment of response of primary breast malignancy and lymphnode metastasis in the axilla after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Guillain–barré syndrome without limb weakness: A rare variant with acute bulbar palsy
Authors: Chavada Ishan J. , Thampi Siddhant J. , Babu Dinesh , Natarajan Vasanthi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A 76-year-old male was brought to the emergency room with an acute onset of breathlessness and difficulty swallowing. Examination revealed bilateral ptosis, bilateral vocal cord abductor palsy with diaphragmatic paralysis. He did not have any limb weakness. A diagnosis of acute bulbar palsy was made. Cerebrospinal fluid showed albumino-cytological dissociation. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain (MRI) was normal, and a nerve conduction study (NCS) showed Acute Motor and Sensory Axonal Neuropathy (AMSAN). Guillain–Barré syndrome with acute bulbar palsy was considered. Here, we report a case of suspected Acute Bulbar Palsy plus (ABPp) syndrome. ABPp may be considered as a variant of GBS between the Miller–fisher and Pharyngeal-cervical-brachial variant and does not have any definite limb weakness. This patient also had ABPp with diaphragmatic palsy. However, whether this syndrome is an isolated variant of GBS or a continuum between the Miller-fisher syndrome (MFS) and Pharyngo-cervical brachial (PCB) variants remains to be elucidated. This case is relevant to primary care physicians as the disability with GBS remains high and may render a large burden to carers. The initial symptom of acute dysphagia must lead on the primary care physician to keep this disease in mind to prevent an unwarranted delay in diagnosis.
COVID-19 management: Opportunity to reassess protocols?
Authors: Sodhi Jitender , Arora Pankaj , Biswal Manisha , Bhogal Ranjitpal S. , Talati Shweta , Dhaliwal Navneet 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The COVID 19 pandemic ravaged the globe with a remarkable ferocity and has not entirely abated till now with cases flaring up at various places at different times. The expected course is for it to become endemic with recurring exacerbations. Over the past two years, we have become wiser to its pathology, diagnosis, and treatment. However, it is imperative for us to regularly and consistently reassess our protocols to assimilate the current and ever-growing knowledge in this direction. Doing so will help us to use our resources judiciously, improve patient care, and enhance the overall benefit to stakeholders. In this article, we aim draw the researchers’ attention to few issues which may not be at the forefront at this point in time but important nevertheless. These include the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), universal gloving, isolation criteria, and handling of dead bodies, among others. We hope that a reassessment of the challenges involved in the said procedures will help us to be better prepared to face and tackle potential future waves and the multiple challenges that would potentially ensue post-spikes in infection incidences.
Blood-based biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and severity prediction of COVID-19: Opportunities and challenges
Authors: Mittal Rishabh , Chourasia Nidhi , Bharti Vivek K. , Singh Snigdha , Sarkar Poulami , Agrawal Amit , Ghosh Amrita , Pal Ranabir , Kanwar Jagat R. , Kotnis Ashwin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The reasons for high morbidity and mortality with Corona virus disease (COVID-19) disease remain unanswered with extremes of manifestation and uncertainty of modes of transmission for which biomarkers are urgently needed for early prediction of severity and prompt treatment. We have reviewed publications from PubMed (years 2019–2021) analysing the biochemical, immune-inflammatory, nucleic acid, and cellular biomarkers that predict infection, disease progression in COVID-19 with emphasis on organ-specific damage. Our analysis of 65 biomarkers assessing the impact of SCoV-2 infection on five organs (lung, liver, cardiac, kidney, and neural) reported that increased levels of CRP, TNF-a, ferritin, IL-6, D-dimer, Procalcitonin, Fibrinogen to Albumin Ratio (FAR), and decrease platelet count (PC), lymphocyte count, leukocyte count, and CD4+/CD8
+
ratio shows promising association in the early diagnosis, prediction of prognosis and severity disease and also correlates with cytokine storm a cardinal feature of COVID-19 progression. In the above scenario, this review has put forth the most promising biomarkers for COVID diagnosis and prognosis based on the reported literature. In recent year’s chemically synthesized antibody-like biomolecules, aptamers were also used in the diagnosis of COVID-19 which could be preferably used for diagnosis over antibodies. Biomarkers including increase in free DNA and Fibrinogen-to-Albumin Ratio, CRP, PCT, and Ferritin along with a consequential decrease of CD3+ T, CD4+ T, CD8+ T, NK cells with corresponding increase in CD4+/CD8+ ratio following SARS CoV-2 infection has been consistently correlated with disease severity. Despite the two waves of COVID-19 pandemic, currently there is no standard clinical practice guideline for evaluating the severity of the devastating pandemic of COVID-19, hence these biomarkers will have immense relevance for the third and subsequent wave of COVID-19 and related pandemic.
Medical education in the first university of the world, the Jundishapur Academy
Authors: Daneshfard Babak , Naseri Mohsen , Ghaffari Farzaneh 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Academy of Jundishapur was the world’s first university established during the Sassanid Empire in old Persia. Some of the important features of this scientific center of the ancient world include a policy of tolerance, conducting annual international congresses, compiling the first comprehensive medical textbook, doing the hospital rounds, physician licensure exam, special attention to the ethics, and using an educational curriculum. Moreover, its unique style of education made Jundishapur a brilliant school in the history of science. This outstanding academy maintained its impact on the scientific movement of that era for four centuries. It finally declined after transmission to Baghdad medical school. In this study, we have discussed the features of the Jundishapur school which made it a successful model for medical education.
Helicopter parenting, from good intentions to poor outcomes. What parents needs to know?
Authors: Shaki Omna , Gupta Gayatri K. , Yadav Prateek , Faisal Faisal A. 
Published: September 2022

Background:
A single child is precious for every parent. There is an increasing demand for children to perform and to excel in all aspects of their lives. Due to increased unemployment and less job opportunities, tough competition to get admission in good school and college and to get respectable job put every parent under constant stress. These circumstances lead to parents starting micromanagement of their children. This micromanagement can be harmful to the mental and emotional wellbeing of the child, and is especially seen in single-child parents.

Objective:
This study aimed to ascertain if parents of single child show behavior of helicopter parenting as compared to patents having more than one child.

Methods:
This is an open-ended observational study, wherein 100 families with single child and 50 families with more than one child were interviewed based on self-explanatory questionnaire methods.

Results:
We noted that 83% parents showed behavior of helicopter parenting, especially those who have single child as compared to those having more than one child.

Conclusion:
Based on our survey, we can conclude that parents of single child showed behavior of helicopter parenting as compared to patents having more than one child because only child is precious and center of attraction in the families especially in Indian culture. However, large studies are required to reach a definitive conclusion.
A rare case of acrogeria, Gottron type with borderline personality disorder
Authors: Sawant Neena , Mehta Anjali , Chaturvedi Hemashri 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Acrogeria is a rare disorder that is characterized by premature aging of the distal extremities. It was first described by Gottron in 1941. Only about 50 cases have yet been reported worldwide. It is diagnosed clinically, and patients have a normal life expectancy. The disorder is seen from birth and could have an autosomal dominant or recessive inheritance. The classic features include a characteristic pinched face, thin lips, fine hair, skeletal defects, and thin, taut parchment-like skin of the extremities. We describe a case of Acrogeria, Gottron type, who also had a borderline personality disorder. However, there is very little information on the prevalence of psychopathology in patients having syndromes of premature aging.
Family Care Burden and its Association with Psychological Distress Among Caregivers of Chronic Patients with Schizophrenia
Authors: Ranjan Lokesh Kumar , Gupta Pramod R. , Kiran Manisha , Singh Narendra Kumar 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Family burden among caregivers of patients with schizophrenia encounter comprehensive caregiving challenges to maintain their own physical as well as psychological distress and it can deteriorate the family functioning.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between family care burden and psychological distress among caregivers of chronic patients with schizophrenia.

Methods and Materials:
The study was cross-sectional. It was conducted at the outpatient department of the Central Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Dewada, Rajnandgoan, Chhattisgarh, India. A total of 260 samples were selected through a purposive sampling technique and informed about the study after giving their informed consent. Sociodemographics, a burden assessment schedule, and depression, anxiety, and stress scale were all part of the interview.

Result:
The study results showed a high level of care burden (70.8%) in the caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. The majority of the caregivers reported a severe level of stress (59.2%), anxiety (56.2%), and depression (48.5%). The result of the study indicated a significant positive relationship between family care burden and stress, anxiety, and depression among caregivers of chronic patients with schizophrenia.

Conclusion:
The study suggests the high prevalence of care burden which strongly contributes to psychological distress. These caregivers need psychosocial interventions to enhance the overall family environment to have a better adaptive state among families.
Rapport à l’histoire dans le discours testimonial des enfants de la guerre d’Algérie
Authors: ABBACI Amal Latéfa , BENAMAR Rabéa 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The present text concerns the relation which maintains the subject enunciator, which is in our case the showing child, with the historic event which he lived. The study of the relation of the showing with the told event will request the identification of the linguistic marks of the enunciative positioning which get free of the press of the fiftieth anniversary of the independence of Algeria. That is why we are interested in the forms of the discursive configuration of the testimony.
Résumé
Le présent texte porte sur la relation qu’entretient le sujet énonciateur, qui est dans notre cas l’enfant témoignant, avec l’évènement historique qu’il a vécu. L’étude de la relation du témoignant avec l’évènement relaté sollicitera le décèlement des marques linguistiques du positionnement énonciatif qui se dégagent de la presse du cinquantième anniversaire de l’indépendance de l’Algérie. C’est pourquoi nous nous intéressons aux formes de la configuration discursive du témoignage.
Un enfant dans la Guerre d’Espagne : Le chapelet d’amours de Francisco Umbral Mémoires réels et mémoires inventés
Authors: CASTELLANI Jean Pierre 
Published: September 2022

Résumé
L'espace romanesque de Francisco Umbral est, de toute évidence, autobiographique. Cependant, on peut déceler aussi chez lui une volonté de représentation de l'Histoire contemporaine espagnole à partir de récits d’enfance d’un homme qui a connu la guerre civile et le franquisme. Le chapelet d’amours, Hachette (1981), peut servir de base à une réflexion sur la situation originale de l’auteur par rapport aux récits d'enfance. Umbral démonte par ce roman subversif le système idéologique espagnol et la transgression face à la Société, à la Culture et à la Patrie.
Resumen
El espacio novelesco de Francisco Umbral es evidentemente autobiográfico. Sin embargo, se puede ver también en su obra una voluntad de representar la Historia contemporánea española, a partir de relatos de infancia por un hombre que ha conocido la guerra civil y el franquismo. Le chapelet d’amours, Hachette (1981) puede servir de ejemplo para reflexionar de la situación singular del autor en los relatos de infancia. Umbral destruye con esa novela subversiva el sistema ideológico español y canta la transgresión frente a la Sociedad, la Cultura y la Patria.
Migrant Chic : Vilification by fashion photography
Authors: ERGÜN Didem Başak 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article analyses Hungarian fashion photographer Norbert Baksa‟s controversial photography series entitled “Der Migrant”.The images are claimed to present a social commentary on the refugee crisis by the photographer. However, the critical analysis of the photos reveals that Baksa‟s images depict an obscene Oriental Otherness through portraying a Janus-faced refugee figure which embodies an oversexualized Oriental femininity mongrelized with dangerous, strange and fearful Muslim otherness.
Résumé
Cet article analyse les séries photographiques controversées du photographe de mode hongrois Norbert Baksa intitulées "Der Migrant". Les images prétendent présenter un commentaire social du photographe sur la crise des réfugiés. Cependant, l'analyse critique des photos révèle que les images de Baksa représentent une altérité orientale obscène à travers la représentation d'une figure de réfugié au visage Janus qui incarne une féminité orientale exagérée, associée à une altérité musulmane dangereuse, étrange et effrayante.