bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Komunikasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada Pusat Kegiatan Belajar Masyarakat (Pkbm) Desa Nusantara Kabupaten Sanggau
Authors: Kalsum Ummi 
Published: December 2022

Dalam suatu organisasi makna komunikasi berperan sangat penting, pentingnya komunikasi dalam perusahaan adalah dimana dalam melakukan pekerjaan diantara sesama pegawai memerlukan komunikasi yang efektif agar dapat dimengerti pesan-pesan tentang pekerjaan. Pada Pusat Kegiatan Belajar Masyarakat (PKBM) Desa Nusantara Kabupaten Sanggau, terjadinya ketidakefektifan komunikasi dalam penyampaian tugas-tugas yang harus diselesaikan, tentu saja akan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan. Tercapainya suatu kinerja seseorang atau pekerja karena adanya upaya dan tindakan yang dihasilkan. Upaya tersebut yaitu berupa kinerja yang dicapai oleh pekerja. Kinerja dapat dihasilkan dari pendidikan, pengalaman kerja dan profesionalisme. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh yang signifikan antara komunikasi dengan kinerja karyawan PKBM Desa Nusantara Kabupaten Sanggau. Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi dengan sebelumnya membuat analisis faktor pada variabel komunikasi, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa indikator yang berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pegawai yaitu diskusi yang dilakukan memberikan kesempatan bagi seluruh pegawai untuk berpendapat. Selain itu, indikator lainnya yang berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pegawai yaitu penilaian kinerja secara terbuka membuat seluruh pegawai lebih antusias dalam menyelesaikan pekerjaannya. Kemudian diperoleh nilai koefisien determinasi yang menjelaskan hubungan (korelasi) antara variabel independen dengan variabel dependen yaitu sebesar 0.084 atau 8.4% yang berarti hubungan antar variabel cukup kuat.
Peran Notaris dalam Pendirian Perseroan Perorangan yang tidak Membutuhkan Akta Autentik
Authors: Hartono Hartono 
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini meneliti tentang peran Notaris dalam pendirian Perseroan Perorangan yang tidak membutuhkan akta autentik. Adapun rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah 1) bagaimana peran notaris dalam pendirian perseroan yang tidak membutuhkan akta otentik? 2) apakah notaris dapat memungut honorium terkait membantu pendirian perseroan yang tidak membutuhkan akta otentik. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Normatif didukung oleh data primer yaitu dengan melakukan wawancara, metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif yaitu analisis bahan hukum yang diperoleh kemudian diuraikan dalam bentuk kalimat secara terperinci dan sistematis untuk mendapat jawaban rumusan masalah yang ada. Hasil Penelitian yaitu pertama, Notaris tidak memiliki kewenangan dalam pendirian Perseroan perorangan karena pendiriannya tidak menggunakan akta otentik, akan tetapi Notaris memiliki peranan penting dalam pendirian Perseroan Perorangan yaitu dengan memberikan penyuluhan hukum terakit pemahaman kepada mereka yang mendirikan perseroan perorangan terkait modal ditempatkan dalam perusahaan, memberikan pemahaman tugas dan kewenangannya sebagai pemegang saham, sekaligus direktur dalam perusahaanya, membantu memberikan pemahaman dalam membuat laporan keuangan perusahaan, dan lain-lain. Notaris juga dapat berperan sebagai Biro jasa untuk membantu masyarakat jika membutuhkan jasa Notaris untuk mendirikan Perseroan Perorangan. Kedua, Notaris tidak berhak memungut honorium terkait konsultasi hukum yang diberikan, akan tetapi jika Jasa Notaris digunakan sebagai biro jasa maka Notaris yang berperan sebagai biro jasa tersebut berhak untuk menerima biaya honorarium sebagaimana telah disepakati diawal
MIXED INFECTION - HANTAVIRUS HAEMORRHAGIC FEVER WITH RENAL SYNDROME AND HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS ENCEPHALITIS
Authors: Argirova Petya , Boev Ivan , Stoycheva Mariana 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: This case report describes a patient treated at the Clinic of Infectious Diseases of University Hospital “St. George” Plovdiv, with two infections occurring at the same time – haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis. Results: A 53-year-old male presented with fever, flu-like syndrome and renal impairment with mild nitrogen elevation. The patient was treated at the Clinic of Nephrology for one week. Several hours after discharge he had three generalised tonic-clonic seizures and was admitted to the intensive care unit with status epilepticus and acute respiratory failure requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation for 4 days. Lumbar puncture results showed: white blood cells – 1.10 6 /l, glucose – 5.3 mmol/l, total protein – 1.6 g/l, increased immunoglobulin levels. The patient was transferred to the Clinic of Infectious Diseases with suspicion of viral encephalitis.
HSV type 1 was detected in the cerebrospinal fluid by PCR. Due to suspected hantavirus infection, serum was examined and IgM and IgG antibodies against the HFRS virus were detected by ELISA. Specific treatment with acyclovir was started and there was a rapid improvement in the clinical condition. Convulsions did not recur. Nitrogen levels normalised and there was a short period of polyuria. Thrombocytopenia quickly resolved without occurrence of haemorrhagic syndrome. In the course of the disease, the patient developed mild diarrhoeal syndrome and left thrombophlebitis. He was discharged clinically well with negative PCR results for HSV.
In conclusion, we can assume that as a result of immunosuppression due to HFRS, HSV type 1 reactivated and led to herpes encephalitis.
CASE OF AN HIV- POSITIVE PATIENT CO-INFECTED WITH MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Yancheva-Petrova Nina , Milanov Vladimir , Strashimirov Dimitar , Kostadinov Dimitar 
Published: December 2022

Tuberculosis has a greater impact on morbidity and mortality in HIV-1-infected individuals than the rest of the opportunistic infections. We reporta case of 57-year-old HIV-infected patient co-infected with multidrug- resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).
The patient`s leading clinical syndromes were fever, diarrhoea and weight loss. The meticulously performed laboratory investigations revealed severe immune suppression and high HIV viral load. Microbiological and parasitological tests confirmed the presence of two AIDS-defining conditions: disseminated candidiasis and cryptosporidiosis. Sputum smear microscopy for acid-fast bacilli was negative but sputum culture showed positive result for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Drug susceptibility testing determined resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin (MDR-TB). The diagnosis was confirmed with Xpert-MTB/RIF PCR test. Treatment continued with second-line anti-TB drugs, together with antiretroviral therapy.
Culture conversion was recorded in the first month. The outcome was reported as „cured“ after 16 months` therapy. This case shows yet again that the clinical manifestation of tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients is very atypical. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis requires prolonged treatment andrepresents therapeutic challenge because of the possibility of adverse drug reactions.
RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF TAENIASIS IN BULGARIA CAUSED BY THE BEEF TAPEWORM FOR THE PERIOD 2008-2017
Authors: Videnova Mihaela , Harizanov Rumen , Tsvetkova Nina , Borisova Raina , Rainova Iskra , Ivanova Aleksandra 
Published: December 2022

The aim of the present study is to analyse the dynamics of the distribution of taeniasis caused by the beef tapeworm (Taeniarhynchus saginatus) among the population of Bulgaria for the period 2008-2017.
Material and methods. The analysis is based on laboratory and clinical data on patients diagnosed with taeniarhynchosis in DPTM at NCIPD, as well as data from epidemiological studies carried out by RHIs in accordance with the current legislation in the country.
Results. For the studied period, cases of human taeniarhynchosis were reported from 21 districts of the country, with 246 infected persons. The areas with the highest number of cases during the whole period were Shumen – 14.6%, Plovdiv – 13.8%, Targovishte – 10.9 and Sofia – 10.6%. Annual morbidity ranges from 0.63 per 100 000 (2008) to 0.23 per 100 000 (2017), with average morbidity of 0.37% 000. The prevalence was higher among female subjects (61%), and the distribution by age showed a significantly higher incidence in adults (88%) compared to the group of children and adolescents (22%). The most affected were the age groups 35-39 (11.79%) and 55-59 (11.38%) years. Patients of different ethnic origin represent 54% of cases.
Conclusion. Data from our study shows that cases of taeniarhynchosis, even though sporadic, are reported annually in the country. The distribution is highest in regions with well-developed private livestock farming and high rate of home meat production without veterinary control. Poor health literacy of the population resulting in environmental contamination with human excreta and the possibility of infection of intermediate hosts, as well as consumption of uncooked homemade products and insufficient veterinary health control mainly contribute to the endemic spread of taeniarhynchosis in the country.
Skin reactions to allergens from processionary caterpillars (genus Thaumetopoea)
Authors: Nikolov Georgi , Kandova Yana , Petrunov Bogdan , Mirchev Plamen , Georgiev Georgi 
Published: December 2022

Background: Moths of the genus Thaumetopoea are widespread pests in the coniferous and deciduous forests in Bulgaria. Contact with the caterpillars, larval form of different Thaumetopoea species, causes a series of complaints in humans: mainly contact dermatitis (erucism), but also IgE-mediated allergic reactions.
The aim of the present pilot study is to investigate the skin reaction after prick tests with allergens from different Thaumetopoea species in a group of people who have frequent contacts with the processionary caterpillars.
Material and methods: A group of 42 subjects were surveyed - 37 men and 5 women between the ages of 18 and 87. Specific sensitization to caterpillars of three Thaumetopoea species: Thaumetopoea pityocampa (pine processionary); Thaumetopoea processionea (oak processionary) and Thaumetopoea solitaria (pistachio processionary) was assessed by allergy skin prick tests (SPT) with specially designed caterpillar allergens.
Results: Positive allergy skin tests to one or more caterpillar’s allergens were measured in 18 (43%) participants. A simultaneous test with the three allergens from the different Thaumetopoea species showed that in 5 (31%) of the cases, skin hypersensitivity only to allergen from T. pityocampa was present. Monosensitization to T. processionea observed in 2 (12%). The rest 9 (57%) participants with positive skin test show different profiles of polysensitization to Thaumetopoea allergens under study.
Conclusions: The evaluation of skin reactivity after SPT with different caterpillar’s allergens outlined the important role of processionary allergens, especially this from T. pityocampa, in the development of IgE-mediated allergic complaints in different groups of forestry professionals. In view of these results, it seems that IgE-mediated hypersensitivity allergic reactions to Thaumetopoea caterpillars are at least as important as those with no allergic mechanism.
ANALYSIS OF CIRCULATING STRAINS, CAUSING INVASIVE LISTERIOSIS IN BULGARIA FOR TEN YEARS, 2010-2019
Authors: Taseva Evgeniya , Christova Iva , Panayotova Elitsa , Trifonova Iva , Gladnishka Teodora , Ivanova Vladislava 
Published: December 2022

Listeriosis is a zoonosis with multiple mechanisms of infection and multiple organ symptoms, severe course and high lethality. An increasing incidence of listeriosis has been reported in several European countries in recent years. A limited range of Listeria strains is responsible for most blasts occurring in different countries. The aim of the study is to monitor the spread of the Listeria strains causing invasive listeriosis in Bulgaria for the period 2010-2019 and to analyze the etiological structure of the infection in different hospitals in the country. A total of 56 strains Listeria from 17 hospitals were investigated for confirmation of species and serogroup. The materials were isolated from haemocultures, fetuses water, cerebrospinal fluids and anal and throat secretions and two tests were used. Confirmed strains isolated from the clinical samples for the study period belonged to 4 serogroups of Listeria. Listeria monocytogenes serogroup I was detected in 28 (50%) of the samples, Listeria monocytogenes serogroup II – in 43%, Listeria innocua –in 5% and Listeria welshimeri – in 2% of the samples. The strains isolated from cerebrospinal fluid predominated (52%) and those isolated from haemocultures were 36%. Nineteen of the isolated strains from cerebrospinal fluid belonged to serotype 4b (19/29). Listeria monocytogenes serogroup I was detected in 70% from haemoculture. Listeria innocua and Listeria welshimeri were detected from cerebrospinal fluid. Serotype 1/2a was found in six hospitals and serotype 4b - in five hospitals. The majority of isolated strains was from newborns -12/56 (21.43%). Serotype 1/2a was detected in 12 hospitals and serotype 4b in 11 hospitals. The largest variety of strains was found in Plovdiv, UMBAL “Sv. Georgi”. The data confirmed a steady trend in the spread of certain listeria serotypes in each hospital over the years. The focus in the future should be on screening at-risk groups, mainly women of childbearing and it is recommended to look for the risk of listeriosis.
First cases of culture proven Legionnaires’ disease in Bulgaria
Authors: Tomova Iskra , Nenova Rumiana 
Published: December 2022

Background. Legionella pneumophila is the most common cause of the potentially fatal Legionnaires’ disease with worldwide increasing incidence reports. The bacterium is fastidious and slow growing and most laboratories do not perform culture.
Aim. To present results from the first culture proven cases of Legionnaires’ disease in Bulgaria.
Materials and methods. Ten lower respiratory tract materials from 10 patients were cultured for legionellae with GVPC supplement. Identification was based on growth characteristics, latex agglutination and monoclonal typing.
Results. Seven L.pneumophila strains (serogroup1 and serogroup6) were isolated. Five belong to monoclonal sub-types Allentown/France, Knoxville and Philadelphia. One culture positive sputum was received at the lab 5 days after sampling. Other materials were plated on the day of sampling, but three of them were obtained long after specific therapy was started and remain negative on culture. Five from the ten patients were with fatal outcome. Three were reported to ELDSNet in real-time as travel-associated.
Conclusions. Isolation of legionellae from patients remains the diagnostic ‘gold standard’. The use of selective supplement designed for water samples had no obvious impact on our results in contrast with late sampling. Isolates were from the most frequent reported L. pneumophila serogroups and five of them – from the virulence-associated Pontiac sub-groups. Legionnaires’ disease is still underdiagnosed in Bulgaria. Clinicians must be encouraged to send appropriate and timely obtained respiratory materials. This should happen even in cases with other positive microbiological results, since co-infection with viral, fungal or other bacterial pulmonary pathogens might be of importance for patients’ treatment and health.
CLINICAL CASE OF CRYPTOCOCCAL MENINGITIS IN A LIVER TRANSPLANT PATIENT
Authors: Boyanova Lyubomira , Ivanova Zoya 
Published: December 2022

The incidence of infections caused by Cryptococcus neoformans has increased significantly in recent years, especially in the settings of immune deficiency (HIV infection transplantation, etc.). Most often after inhalation of spores dissemination of yeast to the brain parenchyma occurs, leading to meningitis (meningo-encephalitis). Our clinical case, is a patient with cryptococcal meningitis after liver transplantation , who died despite the onset of antifungal therapy. This is further evidence of the severe prognosis of CNS cryptococcosis, especially in immunocompromised patients.
DO WE KNOW RHINOVIRUSES AND THEIR CLINICAL IMPACT?
Authors: Georgieva Irina , Stoyanova Asya , Angelova Svetla , Stoitsova Savina , Voleva Silvia , Korsun Neli , Nikolaeva-Glomb Lubomira 
Published: December 2022

Acute respiratory infections cause significant morbidity and mortality even before the COVID-19 pandemic. Pandemic restrictions decreased circulation of many respiratory viruses but some less troubling infections such as common cold are still circulating.
One of the most frequent causative agents of common cold are rhinoviruses. The fact that these pathogens have been able to slip through anti-COVID preventive measures raises the question of whether we really know this group of viruses and whether these viruses cause only common cold. The clinical impact of rhinoviruses seems to be underestimated.
In searching of an answer how rhinoviruses have slipped through the anti-COVID precautions we referred to the work of infectious disease specialists, virologists and epidemiologists -much of it conducted decades before the current pandemic. A non-systematic search of the literature is performed. Some of the latest findings on rhinoviruses along with basic knowledge on their biology and clinical impact are summarized in this review.
STUDY ON TICKS REMOVED FROM PATIENTS FOR INFECTION WITH BORRELIA BURGDORFERI AND THEIR NUMBER DEPENDING ON TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION IN 2016-2021
Authors: Gladnishka Teodora , Christova Iva , Trifonova Iva , Ivanova Vladislava , Panayotova Elitsa , Taseva Evgenia 
Published: December 2022

Background: Deacarization, applied epidemiological measures, and climatic factors affect the abundance of ticks. On the other hand, ticks themselves are a factor of great epidemiological and epizootic importance. Studies concerning the influence of climatic factors on ticks and their infection with B. burgdorferi are still limited in Bulgaria. The aim was to investigate the abundance of ticks in relation to temperature and precipitation, as well as the infection with B. burgdorferi of ticks removed from patients during the period 2016-2021.
Materials/methods: A total of 10,907 ticks were collected from patients and classified according to species and stage of development. Nested PCR was performed targeting two sites of the spacer region between 5S and 23S of B. burgdorferi sensu lato rRNA. Weather data were collected from free Internet meteorological sites.
Results: It was found that 92-96% of the ticks belonged to the species Ixodes ricinus. PCR data were obtained for infestation of ticks in 2016-2021. Only in 2018, the highest number of ticks was observed in May, while in the other five years - in June, which was analyzed in relation to the average temperature and precipitation.
Conclusion: An increase in tick abundance was observed at average temperatures around 20°C, with rainfall on the days before the peak. During the 6-year period, the highest number of ticks was collected in June 2021, which could be explained with the high average temperatures and abundant precipitations during the preceeding spring months (April – June).
ANALISIS DESKRITIF PENGARUH PELATIHAN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KINERJA KARYAWAN PT. ALIANSI TEMPRINA NYATA GRAFIKA
Authors: Rudianto Rudianto , Hartanto Frenky 
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pelatihan terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT. Aliansi Temprina Nyata Grafika. Jumlah polulasi dan sampel berjumlah sebanyak 20 orang karyawan. Analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskripsi yaitu analisis yang mendeskripsikan atau menggambarkan hasil dari pengujian. Data dalam penelitian ini didapat melalui pengisian kuesioner yang diberikan kepada karyawan tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan variabel pelatihan terhadap variabel kinerja, dimana dalam hal ini dapat diketahui bahwa produktivitas kerja karyawan akan meningkat setelah mengikuti pelatihan.
PENGARUH TAYANGAN SINETRON â€œDARI JENDELA SMPâ€ DI SCTV TERHADAP PERILAKU SISWA 249 KELAS 8 CENGKARENG JAKARTA BARAT
Authors: Indarsih Mike , Pangestu Dian 
Published: December 2022

Televisi saat ini bukan hanya nmenjadi sarana hiburan namun juga sarana informasi bagi para penonton. Banyak sekali tayangan yang muncul di televisi yang menarik untuk ditonton, pengaruh yang ditimbulkan pun berbeda beda pada masing-masing individu. sebagai orang tua mempunyai peran yang sangat penting pada setiap tayangan yang anak-anak saksikan. Karena anak-anak cenderung meniru apa yang ada di sekitar mereka. Mereka bisa meniru orang tua mereka, teman sebaya mereka bahkan tayangan yang ada di televisi yang sering mereka tonton. Peran serta pendampingan orang tua sangat di butuhkan saat mereka menonton tayangan sinetron. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, menggunakan kuesioner sebagai instrument penelitian untuk memperoleh informasi data yang dibutuhkan dalam penelitian tersebut. Dengan penelitian yang dilakukan peneliti dapat menyimpulkan bahwa tayangan sinteron â€œDari jendela SMPâ€ memiliki pengaruh yang besar terhadap prilaku anak murid SMP 249. Pengaruh adalah daya yang ada atau timbul dari sesuatu yang ikut membentuk watak kepercayaan dan perbuatan seseorang
HUBUNGAN MOTIVASI SISWA TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN SEJARAH KEBUDAYAAN ISLAM KELAS X DI MAN 1 KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Sutandi Randi , Irfani Fahmi , Mulyadi Kosim Ahmad 
Published: December 2022

Motivasi adalah keseluruhan dorongan, keinginan, kebutuhan dan daya yang sejenis yang menggerakkan perilaku seseorang. Dalam arti yang lebih luas, motivasi diartikan sebagai pengaruh dari energy dan arahan terhadap perilaku yang meliputi: kebutuhan, minat, sikap, keinginan dan perangsang (incentives) (Rohmalina Wahab, 2016). Hasil belajar adalah perubahan perilaku individu yang meliputi ranah kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotorik. Perubahan perilaku tersebut diperoleh setelah siswa menyelesaikan program pembelajarannya melalui interaksi dengan berbagai sumber belajar dan lingkungan belajar (Rusmono, 2017). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar hubungan motivasi belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Bogor. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif, metode kuantitatif ini disebut kuantitatif karena data penelitian berupa angka-angka, analisis data menggunakan statistic. Teknik pengambilan sampel penulis menggunakan Random Sampling (sampel acak) yaitu subjek lebih dari 100 yang berjumlah 594 siswa/siswi kelas X di MAN 1 Bogor, maka penulis mengambil sampel 10% dari 594 yaitu dengan sampel 60 siswa/siswi yang akan dijadikan responden. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dengan cara menyebarkan kuesioner kepada responden yang telah terpilih secara Random. Adapun dokumentasi digunakan untuk memperoleh data mengenai hasil belajar responden pada mata pelajaran Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam. Kemudian data yang sudah didapatkan di analisis secara kuantitatif dengan uji statistik Product Moment. Hasil penelitian mengenai Hubungan Motivasi Belajar Siswa terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa pada mata pelajaran Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Bogor, dengan nilai 0,63 yang berada dikisaran angka 0,40-0,70 yang termasuk korelasi SEDANG. Kemudian dengan memeriksa Tabel nilai “r” Product Moment ternyata dengan df sebesar 58, maka diambil nilai yang mendekati yaitu 60 pada taraf signifikan 5% diperoleh “r” Tabel = 0,254 sedangkan taraf 1% diperoleh 0,330. Dengan demikian pada taraf signifikasi 5% rxy = 0,63 > r Tabel 0,254 dan pada taraf signifikasi 1% rxy = 0,63 > r Tabel 0,330 maka hipotesis alternatif (Ha) diterima.