bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Altered visual entrainment in patients with Alzheimer’s disease: magnetoencephalography evidence
Authors: Springer Seth D , Wiesman Alex I , May Pamela E , Schantell Mikki , Johnson Hallie J , Willett Madelyn P , Castelblanco Camilo A , Eastman Jacob A , Christopher-Hayes Nicholas J , Wolfson Sara L , Johnson Craig M , Murman Daniel L , Wilson Tony W 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRecent research has indicated that rhythmic visual entrainment may be useful in clearing pathological protein deposits in the central nervous system of mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease. However, visual entrainment studies in human patients with Alzheimer’s disease are rare, and as such the degree to which these patients exhibit aberrations in the neural tracking of rhythmic visual stimuli is unknown. To fill this gap, we recorded magnetoencephalography during a 15 Hz visual entrainment paradigm in amyloid-positive patients on the Alzheimer’s disease spectrum and compared their neural responses to a demographically matched group of biomarker-negative healthy controls. Magnetoencephalography data were imaged using a beamformer and virtual sensor data were extracted from the peak visual entrainment responses. Our results indicated that, relative to healthy controls, participants on the Alzheimer’s disease spectrum exhibited significantly stronger 15 Hz entrainment in primary visual cortices relative to a pre-stimulus baseline period. However, the two groups exhibited comparable absolute levels of neural entrainment, and higher absolute levels of entertainment predicted greater Mini-mental Status Examination scores, such that those patients whose absolute entrainment amplitude was closer to the level seen in controls had better cognitive function. In addition, 15 Hz periodic activity, but not aperiodic activity, during the pre-stimulus baseline period was significantly decreased in patients on the Alzheimer’s disease spectrum. This pattern of results indicates that patients on the Alzheimer’s disease spectrum exhibited increased visual entrainment to rhythmic stimuli and that this increase is likely compensatory in nature. More broadly, these results show that visual entrainment is altered in patients with Alzheimer’s disease and should be further examined in future studies, as changes in the capacity to entrain visual stimuli may prove useful as a marker of Alzheimer’s disease progression.
LINC02418 upregulates EPHA2 by competitively sponging miR-372-3p to promote 5-Fu/DDP chemoresistance in colorectal cancer
Authors: Yao Fei , Huang Xiaoying , Xie Zhufu , Chen Jie , Zhang Ling , Wang Qiang , Long Hui , Jiang Jue , Wu Qingming 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Chemoresistance is a huge clinical challenge in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and messenger RNA (mRNA) are involved in CRC chemoresistance. However, the profiles of long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), mRNAs and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks in CRC chemoresistance are still largely unknown. Here, we compared the gene expression profiles in chemosensitive (HCT8) and chemoresistant [HCT8/5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) and HCT8/cisplatin (DDP)] cell lines by whole-transcriptome sequencing. The common differentially expressed RNAs in two drug-resistant cells were selected to construct lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA networks. The ceRNA network closely related to chemoresistance was further established based on the widely accepted drug resistance-associated genes enriched in three signaling pathways involved in chemoresistance. In total 52 lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA pathways were screened out, among which EPHA2 and LINC02418 were identified as hub genes; thus, LINC02418/miR-372-3p/EPHA2 were further selected and proved to affect the 5-Fu and DDP resistance of CRC. Mechanistically, LINC02418 upregulated EPHA2 by functioning as a ‘sponge’ of miR-372-3p to modulate the chemoresistance of CRC. Collectively, our study uncovered the underlying mechanism of LINC02418/miR-372-3p/EPHA2 in 5-Fu and DDP resistance of CRC, which may provide potential therapeutic targets for improving the chemosensitivity of CRC.
First Demonstration Project of Long-Acting Injectable Antiretroviral Therapy for Persons With and Without Detectable Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Viremia in an Urban HIV Clinic
Authors: Christopoulos Katerina A , Grochowski Janet , Mayorga-Munoz Francis , Hickey Matthew D , Imbert Elizabeth , Szumowski John D , Dilworth Samantha , Oskarsson Jon , Shiels Mary , Havlir Diane , Gandhi Monica 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy (LAI-ART) is approved for treatment-naive or experienced people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PWH) based on trials that only included participants with viral suppression. We performed the first LAI-ART demonstration project to include PWH unable to achieve or maintain viral suppression due to challenges adhering to oral ART.

Methods
Ward 86 is a large HIV clinic in San Francisco that serves publicly insured and underinsured patients. We started patients on LAI-ART via a structured process of provider referral, multidisciplinary review (MD, RN, pharmacist), and monitoring for on-time injections. Inclusion criteria were willingness to receive monthly injections and a reliable contact method.

Results
Between June 2021 and April 2022, 51 patients initiated LAI-ART, with 39 receiving at least 2 follow-up injections by database closure (median age, 46 years; 90% cisgender men, 61% non-White, 41% marginally housed, 54% currently using stimulants). Of 24 patients who initiated injections with viral suppression (median CD4 cell count, 706 cells/mm3), 100% (95% confidence interval [CI], 86%–100%) maintained viral suppression. Of 15 patients who initiated injections with detectable viremia (median CD4 cell count, 99 cells/mm3; mean log10 viral load, 4.67; standard deviation, 1.16), 12 (80%; 95% CI, 55%–93%) achieved viral suppression, and the other 3 had a 2-log viral load decline by a median of 22 days.

Conclusions
This small demonstration project of LAI-ART in a diverse group of patients with high levels of substance use and marginal housing demonstrated promising early treatment outcomes, including in those with detectable viremia due to adherence challenges. More data on LAI-ART in hard-to-reach populations are needed.
Precocious Sperm Exchange in the Simultaneously Hermaphroditic Nudibranch,Berghia stephanieae
Authors: Taraporevala Neville F , Lesoway Maryna P , Goodheart Jessica A , Lyons Deirdre C 
Published: August 2022

SynopsisSexual systems vary greatly across molluscs. This diversity includes simultaneous hermaphroditism, with both sexes functional at the same time. Most nudibranch molluscs are thought to be simultaneous hermaphrodites, but detailed studies of reproductive development and timing remain rare as most species cannot be cultured in the lab. The aeolid nudibranch, Berghia stephanieae, is one such species that can be cultured through multiple generations on the benchtop. We studied B. stephanieae reproductive timing to establish when animals first exchange sperm and how long sperm can be stored. We isolated age- and size-matched individuals at sequential timepoints to learn how early individuals can exchange sperm. Individuals isolated at 10 weeks post initial feeding (wpf; ∼13 weeks postlaying [wpl]) can produce fertilized eggs. This is 6 weeks before animals first lay egg masses, indicating that sperm exchange occurs well before individuals are capable of laying eggs. Our results indicate that male gonads become functional for animals between 6 mm (∼6 wpf, ∼9 wpl) and 9 mm (∼12 wpf, ∼15 wpl) in length. That is much smaller (and sooner) than the size (and age) of individuals at first laying (12–19 mm; ∼16 wpf, ∼19 wpl), indicating that male and female functions do not develop simultaneously. We also tracked the number of fertilized eggs in each egg mass, which remained steady for the first 10–15 egg masses, followed by a decline to near-to-no fertilization. This dataset provides insights into the precise timing of the onset of functionality of the male and female reproductive systems in B. stephanieae. These data contribute to a broader understanding of reproductive development and the potential for understanding the evolution of diverse sexual systems in molluscs.
A case of solitary neurofibroma in the maxillary gingiva
Authors: Komatsu Yuko , Takeda Yasunori , Kawai Tadashi , Sasou Shunichi , Takahashi Kazuaki , Yamada Hiroyuki , Ishibashi Shu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Neurofibromas are benign tumors. They are known to be a manifestation of von Recklinghausen’s disease (neurofibromatosis type 1) and tend to be generalized and rarely solitary. In this report, we present a case of solitary neurofibroma in the maxillary gingiva. A 39-year-old woman presented with a chief complaint of swollen gingiva. There were no special findings in her medical or family history. After a biopsy was performed under local anesthesia and a diagnosis of neurofibroma was made, tumor resection was performed under general anesthesia. The patient’s progress was good, with no recurrence.
Intraoperative selective arterial calcium injection test to confirm complete resection of a proinsulinoma
Authors: Sakamoto Akimasa , Ogawa Kohei , Iwata Miku , Ito Chihiro , Shine Mikiya , Matsui Takashi , Nishi Yusuke , Uraoka Mio , Utsunomiya Takeshi , Nagaoka Tomoyuki , Tamura Kei , Funamizu Naotake , Inoue Hitoshi , Sakamoto Katsunori , Kurata Mie , Takada Yasutsugu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Proinsulinoma is a subtype of insulinoma that is surgically curable, but localization can be difficult as these tumors are typically too small to be visualized by imaging. We report the case of a 53-year-old woman referred to our hospital with dizziness and headache. Her blood glucose level was 46 mg/dl and Whipple’s triad was present. Although her immunoreactive insulin level during hypoglycemia was in the normal range (5.0 μU/ml), the proinsulin level was elevated (408 pmol/l). Imaging examinations showed no evidence of pancreatic tumor. A preoperative selective arterial calcium injection (SACI) test showed excessive insulin secretion in the splenic artery region, which localized the proinsulinoma to the body or tail of the pancreas, and laparoscopic spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy was performed. Intraoperative SACI test performed after tumor removal did not show excessive insulin secretion. The intraoperative SACI test appears to be useful for localization and for confirming complete resection of proinsulinoma.
Direct innominate artery access for transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: de Biasi Andreas R , Raval Amish , Tester Gregory , Osaki Satoru 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Hostile vascular disease can pose a challenge for transcatheter aortic valve replacement, for which the preferred access is via a common femoral artery. However, extensive peripheral arterial disease may also preclude traditional points of alternative access in some patients. Herein, we describe two patients in whom successful transcatheter aortic valve replacement was performed via direct innominate artery access.
The carotid diaphragm, an often overlooked cause of stroke by cardiologists
Authors: El Mesnaoui Rim , Nikiema Soumaila , Massimbo Desire , El Mesnaoui Abbes 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Carotid diaphragm is a rare cause of stroke. Because of its rarity, it remains often undiagnosed. We report the case of four patients who presented a stroke due to carotid diaphragm. The diagnosis was made either by ultrasound Doppler, computed tomography-angiography or angiography. Two of the four patients were managed by carotid stenting and the other two by surgery. The follow-up was normal. Carotid diaphragm stroke is associated with a high risk of recurrence if not well managed. Therefore, the knowledge of this rare entity is necessary.
Neurologic Music Therapy with a Habilitative Approach for Older Adults with Dementia: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Prieto Álvarez Leticia 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The incidence of dementia continues to increase in our aging population. Numerous cognitive, behavioral, and psychological symptoms accompany this diagnosis, and the need for non-pharmacological interventions that may alleviate them is of paramount importance. This feasibility study presents the results of a crossover randomized control trial that evaluated the effects of neurologic music therapy with a habilitative approach on the treatment acceptability, cognition, mood, and behavior of older adults with moderate to severe dementia. Twenty-nine residents living in an assisted living community rotated between 50-minute group sessions of Neurologic Music Therapy (NMT) techniques implemented with a habilitative approach, an Enrichment Program (EP) that combined physical and cognitive exercises, and a non-facilitated television program (TV). Data were collected before and after each crossover period using attendance, the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Nursing Home (NPI-NH) version, the Dementia Mood Picture Test (DMPT), and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). NMT had the highest level of treatment acceptability, as measured by attendance and adherence. NPI-NH scores were the lowest after TV viewings, and DMPT results were the highest after NMT, followed by EP and TV. The positive effect of NMT on general cognitive functioning for residents with moderately severe cognitive decline was remarkable. These results suggest that NMT with a habilitative approach is a viable tool to engage older adults with dementia. The promising results on cognition and its high treatment acceptability make a powerful case to increase NMT use with this population and continue studying its effectiveness.
The effects of kefir consumption on human health: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Kairey Lana , Leech Bradley , El-Assaad Fatima , Bugarcic Andrea , Dawson Drew , Lauche Romy 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Context
Kefir, a traditional, fermented-milk beverage, has increasingly been promoted for various health benefits. The evidence from systematic reviews, however, is limited.

Objective
Evidence from randomized controlled trials testing oral consumption of fermented-milk kefir on any outcome of human health or disease.

Data Sources
A systematic search of 4 electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, and Cochrane Trials) from inception to July 31, 2021, was conducted.

Data Extraction
Data extraction and risk-of-bias assessments were conducted by 2 reviewers independently.

Data Analysis
A total of 18 publications reporting the results of 16 studies were included. Per the narrative analysis, fermented-milk kefir may have potential as a complementary therapy in reducing oral Streptococcus mutans, thereby reducing dental caries risk, and in Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy. Kefir may further aid treatment of adult dyslipidemia and hypertension, although evidence was very limited. Safety was only assessed in 5 of the 18 included publications, and 12 of the studies had an overall high risk for bias.

Conclusion
Kefir is a dairy product with a unique microbiological profile that appears to be a safe for generally healthy populations to consume. However, efficacy and safety data from high-quality human trials are essential before any recommendations may be made for conditions of the oral and gastric microbiota and metabolic health.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO registration no. CRD42020211494.
Physical, Psychological, and Cognitive Profile of Post-COVID Conditions in Healthcare Workers, Quebec, Canada
Authors: Carazo Sara , Skowronski Danuta M , Laforce Robert , Talbot Denis , Falcone Emilia L , Laliberté Denis , Denis Geoffroy , Deshaies Pierre , Hegg-Deloye Sandrine , De Serres Gaston 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
The prevalence of post-COVID conditions (PCC) and associated physical, psychological, and cognitive symptoms was assessed among Quebec healthcare workers (HCWs) with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods
This case-control study compared 6061 symptomatic HCWs with polymerase chain reaction–confirmed COVID-19 between July 2020 and May 2021 with a random sample of 4390 symptomatic HCWs who were test-negative controls. The prevalence of physical symptoms lasting ≥4 weeks (PCC4w) or ≥12 weeks (PCC12w) was estimated among hospitalized and nonhospitalized cases. In multivariate models, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, as well as vaccine history, were evaluated as potential risk factors. Prevalence ratios compared 4 aspects of self-reported cognitive dysfunction among PCC cases to controls, adjusting for psychological distress and fatigue.

Results
PCC4w and PCC12w prevalences of 46% (2746/5943) and 40% (653/1746), respectively, were observed among nonhospitalized cases and 76% (90/118) and 68% (27/37), respectively, among hospitalized cases. Hospitalization, female sex, and age were associated with higher PCC risk. A substantial proportion of nonhospitalized PCC4w cases often or very often reported cognitive dysfunction, including concentration (33%) or organizing (23%) difficulties, forgetfulness (20%), and loss of necessary items (10%). All 4 aspects of cognitive dysfunction were associated with PCC4w symptoms, psychological distress, and fatigue.

Conclusions
PCC may be a frequent sequela of ambulatory COVID-19 in working-age adults, with important effects on cognition. With so many HCWs infected, the implications for quality healthcare delivery could be profound if cognitive dysfunction and other severe PCC symptoms persist in a professionally disabling way. Further evaluation of PCC prevalence and prognosis is warranted.
Geographic Influence Upon Noninfectious Diseases Accounting for Fever of Unknown Origin: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wright William F , Yenokyan Gayane , Auwaerter Paul G 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Diagnostic outcomes for fever of unknown origin (FUO) remain with notable numbers of undiagnosed cases. A recent systemic review and meta-analysis of studies reported geographic variation in FUO-related infectious diseases. Whether geography influences types of FUO noninfectious diagnoses deserves examination.

Methods
We systematically searched Medline (PubMed), Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases using medical subject headings published from January 1, 1997 to March 31, 2021. Prospective clinical studies investigating participants meeting adult FUO defining criteria were selected if they assessed final diagnoses. Meta-analyses were based on the random-effects model according to World Health Organization (WHO) geographical regions.

Results
Nineteen studies with significant heterogeneity were analyzed, totaling 2667 participants. Noninfectious inflammatory disorders had a pooled estimate at 20.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 17.0%–23.0%). Undiagnosed illness had a pooled estimate of 20.0% (95% CI, 14.0%–26.0%). The pooled estimate for cancer was 15.0% (95% CI, 12.0%–18.0%). Miscellaneous conditions had a pooled estimate of 6.0% (95% CI, 4.0%–8.0%). Noninfectious inflammatory disorders and miscellaneous conditions were most prevalent in the Western Pacific region with a 27.0% pooled estimate (95% CI, 20.0%–34.0%) and 9.0% (95% CI, 7.0%–11.0%), respectively. The highest pooled estimated for cancer was in the Eastern Mediterranean region at 25.0% (95% CI, 18.0%–32.0%). Adult-onset Still’s disease (114 [58.5%]), systemic lupus (52 [26.7%]), and giant-cell arteritis (40 [68.9%]) predominated among the noninfectious inflammatory group. Lymphoma (164 [70.1%]) was the most common diagnosis in the cancer group.

Conclusions
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, noninfectious disease diagnostic outcomes varied among WHO-defined geographies. Evaluations for FUO should include local variations in disease prevalence.
Single-centre experience of refractory rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Fitton John , Melville Andrew , Naraghi Kamran , Nam Jacqueline , Dass Shouvik , Emery Paul , Buch Maya H 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The aim was to evaluate the proportion of RA patients who are refractory to multiple targeted therapies (TTs) in a real-world cohort of patients in a tertiary rheumatology referral centre, to describe patterns of drug sequencing associated with the development of refractory RA (RefRA) and to identify whether there is a subgroup of RefRA patients in whom successive drugs have shown primary lack of efficacy.

Methods
Patients at a single centre were defined as refractory if they had failed two or more classes of TT and were identified from a dedicated TT clinic database. Reasons for drug failure were recorded, and patients were categorized pragmatically as having mild [failure of two biologic DMARD (bDMARD) classes], moderate [failure of at least three bDMARD classes] or severe [failure of at least two bDMARD classes and JAK inhibitor] refractory disease.

Results
One hundred and seventy-two patients were identified as RefRA (&gt;10% of our TT-exposed cohort); median [interquartile range (IQR)] TT exposures of four (two), 81.5% female, 82% seropositive, mean (s.d.) age of 63 (12.3) years. Detailed analysis of 60 patients showed a median (IQR) disease duration of 22 (10.75) years, median (IQR) time from diagnosis to initiation of first TT of 5 (10) years, and mean (s.d.) baseline DAS28CRP before starting first-line TT of 5.91 (0.84). Among RefRA patients, 15% were severely refractory, and 6% had demonstrated no clinical response to any TT.

Conclusion
A small proportion of patients have true RefRA. Most patients fail multiple therapies owing to a combination of inefficacy and adverse events.
Bile acid restrained T cell activation explains cholestasis aggravated hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: Ding Chujie , Hong Yu , Che Yuan , He Tianyu , Wang Yun , Zhang Shule , Wu Jiawei , Xu Wanfeng , Hou Jingyi , Hao Haiping , Cao Lijuan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCholestasis is a common complication of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, characterized by increased intrahepatic and plasma bile acid levels. Cholestasis was found negatively associated with hepatitis outcome, however, the exact mechanism by which cholestasis impacts anti‐viral immunity and impedes HBV clearance remains elusive. Here, we found that cholestatic mice are featured with dysfunctional T cells response, as indicated by decreased sub‐population of CD25+/CD69+ CD4+ and CD8+ cells, while CTLA‐4+ CD4+ and CD8+ subsets were increased. Mechanistically, bile acids disrupt intracellular calcium homeostasis via inhibiting mitochondria calcium uptake and elevating cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration, leading to STIM1 and ORAI1 decoupling and impaired store‐operated Ca2+ entry which is essential for NFAT signaling and T cells activation. Moreover, in a transgenic mouse model of HBV infection, we confirmed that cholestasis compromised both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells activation resulting in poor viral clearance. Collectively, our results suggest that bile acids play pivotal roles in anti‐HBV infection via controlling T cells activation and metabolism and that targeting the regulation of bile acids may be a therapeutic strategy for host‐virus defense.