bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fighting Poverty in Times of Crisis in Europe
Authors: Calado Alexandre Daniel Duarte Carvalho , Capucha Luís Manuel Antunes , Gray Jane , Wódz Kazimiera Maria 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The debt crisis sparked a growing interest in resilience as a means to address socioeconomic hardship in Europe. This research used qualitative secondary analysis of three emblematic cases to examine resilience processes in countries with diverse welfare regimes: Poland, Portugal and Ireland. The goal is to undertake a comparative analysis of the lived experiences of households in situations of hardship, while addressing the influence of sociopolitical frameworks on social agency. Under an economic recession and reduced social investment, findings show that resilience processes had only marginal positive effects, consisting mostly of survival practices to cope with increased levels of poverty and social risk, regardless of national setting. Instead of leading to sustained improvements in their lives, resilience processes increased the vulnerability of individuals. In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, the authors discuss why policy-makers remain attracted to resilience as a social response to crises and how it is shaping the European Union’s social policy.
Ὁ Θεὸς ἔρως ἐστί
Authors: Tolan Daniel J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Origen of Alexandria uses the language of ἔρως to explain God’s desire to be with humanity. However, Plato’s classic definition of ἔρως as a mix of poverty and plenty seems to be at odds with Origen’s commitment to classical theism. This article explains why Origen does not consider this attribution to contradict his theological commitments. It starts with a discussion of Origen’s theory of divine attributes, the ἐπίνοιαι Χριστοῦ. Next, Origen’s doctrine of passio caritatis, which states that God can actively will to be passive, is explained. Then, Origen’s familiarity with Plato’s Symposium is demonstrated. The article then considers Origen’s attribution of ἔρως to God, and its context, in the Commentarium in Canticum Canticorum; it emerges that the Incarnation is, for Origen, God’s most erotic act. The final section shows that Origen maintains his understanding of God’s erotic, incarnational movement towards fallen humanity in works other than the Commentarium in Canticum Canticorum.
Somatic and psychological distress among Russian university students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Zolotareva Alena , Belousova Svetlana , Danilova Irina , Tseilikman Vadim , Lapshin Maxim , Sarapultseva Lilia , Makhniova Svetlana , Kritsky Igor , Ibragimov Roman , Hu Desheng , Komelkova Maria 
Published: August 2022

Objective Previous studies highlighted a high prevalence of mental health issues among students during the COVID-19 pandemic, but there is no evidence from Russia. This study was aimed to examine the prevalence of somatic and psychological distress among Russian university students. Method The cross-sectional study was conducted in March-April 2021. The participants were university students from several regions of Russia (N = 1236). The Patient Health Questionnaire-15 and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales-21 were used to measure the somatic and psychological distress. Results The prevalence of somatic burden, depression, anxiety, and stress was 72.2%, 54.7%, 63.4%, and 55.4%, respectively. Somatic burden, anxiety, and stress were more frequently observed in females and students with experience of COVID-19 disease compared to males and students without experience of COVID-19 disease. Conclusions These data illuminate the high prevalence and potential risk factors for somatic and psychological distress among Russian university students and determine the importance of psychoeducation and preventive measures in the Russian university environment.
Posterior Glottic Injury Following Prolonged Intubation in COVID‐19 Patients
Authors: So Raymond J. , Kavookjian Hannah , Ben Or Esther , Snow Grace E. , Akst Lee M. , Hillel Alexander T. , Best Simon R. A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to characterize the risk factors for posterior glottic injury (PGI) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) who underwent prolonged intubation.Study DesignThis was a case‐control study designed to assess the risk factors associated with development of PGI in COVID‐19 patients who underwent prolonged intubation.SettingThis single‐center study was conducted at a tertiary care academic hospital in a metropolitan area.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent prolonged intubation (≥7 days) for COVID‐19 and compared those with PGI to those without. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and intubation characteristics were compared. Factors associated with PGI development among COVID‐19 patients were assessed using multivariate regression.ResultsWe identified 56 patients who presented with PGI following prolonged intubation for COVID‐19 and 60 control patients who underwent prolonged intubation for COVID‐19 but did not develop PGI. On univariate analyses, the number of reintubations due to failed extubation efforts was significantly associated with development of PGI (odds ratio [OR], 2.9; 95% CI, 1.4‐6.2). On multivariate analyses, patients with cardiovascular disease (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.2‐9.0); non–COVID‐19 respiratory illnesses, which included obstructive sleep apnea and asthma (OR, 5.9; 95% CI, 2.0‐17.8); and diabetes mellitus (OR, 11.6; 95% CI, 3.7‐36.6) were more likely to develop PGI.ConclusionOur results represent the largest case‐control study investigating risk factors for PGI in the setting of prolonged intubation specific to COVID‐19. Our study suggests a significant role of comorbidities associated with poor wound healing with development of PGI.
To Evaluate the Factors Influencing Patients Before Selecting Their Orthodontist
Authors: Warpe Smita Raosaheb , Zadake Sujit Navnath , Ambekar Anand S. 
Published: August 2022

Aim This article aims to “evaluate the factors influencing patient before selecting their orthodontist in India.” Objectives To evaluate the orthodontists’ demographics influence patients to select their orthodontist and to know whether clinic amenities influence patients to select their orthodontist. Material and Method A descriptive, cross-sectional survey conducted through a web-based self-administered questionnaire with 15 questions addressing various aspects of orthodontic treatment necessity. This study included 255 patients between the ages of 12 and 30 who are undergoing orthodontic treatment or have completed their orthodontic treatment. Results and Conclusion A total of 255 participants were there in the study. Patients were influenced by many factors such as skillful orthodontists with updated or recent knowledge, orthodontists’ demographics, and clinic amenities.
Physical Examination Maneuvers for SLAP Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Individual and Combinations of Maneuvers
Authors: Dean Robert S. , Onsen Leonard , Lima Jeniffer , Hutchinson Mark R. 
Published: August 2022

Background: Superior labrum anterior to posterior (SLAP) lesions are targeted on physical examination using a variety of provocative maneuvers. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose was to conduct a systematic review on the performance of physical examination maneuvers in diagnosing SLAP lesions and to perform a meta-analysis comparing the sensitivity and specificity of these examinations both individually and in combination. The null hypothesis stated that there would be no significant difference in the sensitivity or specificity of the included physical examination tests, neither individually nor in combination. Study Design: Meta-analysis and systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A systematic review was performed with the inclusion criteria of studies that reported either the sensitivities and specificities or the number of true-positive, true-negative, false-positive, or false-negative results for at least 1 maneuver for identifying SLAP lesions. A meta-analysis was performed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of individual maneuvers. Additional analysis determined the performance of these maneuvers when combined in series and parallel. In series, all must be present to be considered positive. In parallel, any single positive test forces the overall combination to be considered positive. Only tests that were included in ≥3 studies were considered in the meta-analysis and those included in ≥4 studies were considered in the combination analysis. Results: Overall, 862 studies were identified, 18 of which were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The physical examinations included were the O’Brien (n = 16), speed (n = 8), Yergason (n = 6), anterior slide (n = 8), crank (n = 7), Jobe (n = 5), dynamic labral shear (n = 3), Kim 2 (n = 3), and biceps groove tenderness tests (n = 3). All combinations of 2 to 5 maneuvers in both series and parallel were considered. The O’Brien and crank test combination was the most sensitive 2-test combination in both parallel and series. The Yergason and anterior slide test combination was the most specific 2-test combination in parallel and series. Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis reports an updated meta-analysis considering the sensitivity and specificity of common physical examination maneuvers used in the diagnosis of SLAP lesions and considers these values for tests in both series and parallel combinations. The present analysis demonstrates improved specificities when tests are considered in series and improved sensitivities when considered in parallel combination.
Influence of Injury to the Kaplan Fibers of the Iliotibial Band on Anterolateral Rotatory Knee Laxity in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Watanabe Shu , Nagai Kanto , Hoshino Yuichi , Kataoka Kiminari , Nakanishi Yuta , Araki Daisuke , Kanzaki Noriyuki , Matsushita Takehiko , Kuroda Ryosuke 
Published: August 2022

Background: Biomechanical cadaveric studies have shown that Kaplan fibers (KFs) of the iliotibial band play a role in controlling anterolateral rotatory knee laxity in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. However, in the clinical setting, the contribution of injury to KFs on anterolateral rotatory laxity remains unclear. Purpose: To use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans to detect concomitant KF injury in ACL-injured knees and to then examine the effect of KF injury on anterolateral rotatory laxity as measured by the pivot-shift test in a clinical setting. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The study enrolled 91 patients with primary ACL tears (mean age 25 ± 11 years; 46 male and 45 female) whose MRI was conducted within 90 days after injury. KF injury was assessed by MRI according to previously reported criteria, and the patients were allocated to a KF injury group and a no–KF injury group. At the time of ACL reconstruction, the pivot-shift test was performed with the patient under anesthesia and quantitatively evaluated by tibial acceleration using an electromagnetic measurement system. Manual grading of the pivot-shift test was assessed according to guidelines of the International Knee Documentation Committee. The data were statistically compared between the 2 groups using Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher exact test ( P < .05). Results: KFs were identified in 85 patients (93.4%), and KF injury was detected in 20 of the 85 patients (23.5%). No significant differences were observed between the KF injury group (n = 20) and the no–KF injury group (n = 65) in demographic characteristics, the period from injury to MRI (8.0 ± 14.0 days vs 8.9 ± 12.1 days, respectively), the rate of meniscal injury (50.0% vs 53.8%), or the rate of anterolateral ligament injury (45.0% vs 44.6%). Regarding the pivot-shift test, no significant differences were observed in tibial acceleration (1.2 m/s2 [interquartile range, 0.5-2.1 m/s2] vs 1.0 m/s2 [interquartile range, 0.6-1.7 m/s2], respectively) or manual grading between the 2 groups. Conclusion: Concomitant KF injury did not significantly affect the pivot-shift phenomenon in acute ACL-injured knees. The findings suggest that the contribution of KF injury to anterolateral rotatory knee laxity may be limited in the clinical setting.
The association of psychosocial stressors and psychiatric disorders with fatigue in systemic lupus erythematosus patients
Authors: Andayani Santi , Kumoroyekti Tri , Pradana Kent , Hamijoyo Laniyati 
Published: August 2022

Background In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), fatigue is the most common and aggravating symptom which has been reported to be influenced by several factors, such as disease activity, psychosocial stressors, and psychiatric disorders. Therefore, this study aims to determine the association between disease activity, psychosocial stressors, and psychiatric disorders with fatigue in SLE patients. Method In this cross-sectional study, 73 female SLE patients were accepted to participate by filling out the informed consent. Besides, disease activity was divided into Lupus Low Disease Activity State (LLDAS) and non-LLDAS. The Holmes-Rahe Stress Scale and Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) were employed to assess psychosocial stress and fatigue severity. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) ICD-10 was used to examine psychiatric disorders. The Chi-square test was conducted to determine the association between dependent variables (fatigue) and independent variables (psychosocial stress, psychosocial stress severity, and psychiatric disorders). Result Out of the participants, 49 (67.1%) suffered from fatigue, and the LLDAS group contained fewer individuals than non-LLDAS, 46.6% versus 53.4%. The majority (86.3%) also experienced psychosocial stress, ranging from mild to severe, and 56 (76.7%) patients had psychiatric disorders. No significant association was discovered between SLE disease activity and fatigue. However, fatigue had significant associations with psychiatric disorders in both LLDAS ( p = 0.02) and non-LLDAS groups ( p = 0.04), as well as with psychosocial stress severity ( p = 0.02). Histories of major personal illness ( p = 0.01) and changes in eating habits ( p = 0.02) were associated with fatigue among the LLDAS participants. Conclusion Psychosocial stressors and psychiatric disorders were significantly associated with fatigue in SLE. Histories of major personal disease and changes in eating habits were also significantly associated with fatigue in the LLDAS participants. Therefore, early recognition of these factors is necessary to manage and prevent fatigue in SLE patients.
Tracking the Progression and Influence of Beta-Amyloid Plaques Using Percolation Centrality and Collective Influence Algorithm: A Study Using PET Images
Authors: Baboo Gautam Kumar , Prasad Raghav , Mahajan Pranav , Baths Veeky 
Published: August 2022

Background The study of brain networks, particularly the spread of disease, is made easier thanks to the network theory. The aberrant accumulation of beta-amyloid plaques and tau protein tangles in Alzheimer’s disease causes disruption in brain networks. The evaluation scores, such as the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and neuropsychiatric inventory questionnaire, which provide a clinical diagnosis, are affected by this build-up. Purpose The percolation of beta-amyloid/tau tangles and their impact on cognitive tests are still unspecified. Methods Percolation centrality could be used to investigate beta-amyloid migration as a characteristic of positron emission tomography (PET)-image-based networks. The PET-image-based network was built utilizing a public database containing 551 scans published by the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Each image in the Julich atlas has 121 zones of interest, which are network nodes. Furthermore, the influential nodes for each scan are computed using the collective influence algorithm. Results For five nodal metrics, analysis of variance (ANOVA; P < .05) reveals the region of interest (ROI) in gray matter (GM) Broca’s area for Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) tracer type. The GM hippocampus area is significant for three nodal metrics in the case of florbetapir (AV45). Pairwise variance analysis of the clinical groups reveals five to twelve statistically significant ROIs for AV45 and PiB, respectively, that can distinguish between pairs of clinical situations. Based on multivariate linear regression, the MMSE is a trustworthy evaluation tool. Conclusion Percolation values suggest that around 50 of the memory, visual-spatial skills, and language ROIs are critical to the percolation of beta-amyloids within the brain network when compared to the other extensively used nodal metrics. The anatomical areas rank higher with the advancement of the disease, according to the collective influence algorithm.
Efficacy evaluation and systematic review of supramalleolar osteotomy for treatment of varus-type ankle arthritis
Authors: Xue Wang , Chen Tiannan , Wahafu Paerhati , Li Fei , Xiahatai Ayiding , Wufuer Aikeremu , Tuo Yanan , Zhao Bo , Wang Chengwei 
Published: August 2022

Background The current surgical treatment plan for medium-term varus-type ankle arthritis is primarily supramalleolar osteotomy (SMOT), but the reliability of this procedure still lacks high-quality evidence-based medical studies, such as randomized controlled clinical trials and meta-analyses of comparative studies. Objective The current study explored whether significant differences were present in the clinical effect, reoperation rate, complications, and failure rate of this type of surgery. Method Two researchers searched the relevant literature in seven databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, the China Biomedical Literature Database, the China Academic Journals Full-text Database, the Wanfang database, and the Weipu Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database. The retrieval time spanned the establishment of the specific database up to September 2020, and the literature was screened to determine their final inclusion in the study. Results and conclusions A total of 20 studies were included, including one Chinese and 19 English language studies. The primary indicators included a definitive effect of SMOT on the treatment of medium-term varus-type ankle arthritis. Concerning secondary indicators, although the surgery effect was satisfactory, some patients may require follow-up surgery, which may be unsuccessful with complications. The study results showed that, based on existing literature reports, the effect of SMOT for varus-type ankle arthritis was a satisfactory surgical method with some clinical value for correcting the ankle force line and relieving or even reversing ankle arthritis. However, its risk of complications and failure rate were comparatively high and, accordingly, requires good preoperative planning and close communication with patients. Due to the limited sample size of this study, more data and longer follow-up times involving this type of surgery should be reviewed to confirm this conclusion.
C1-inhibitor influence on platelet activation by thrombin receptors agonists
Authors: Tarandovskiy Ivan D. , Buehler Paul W. , Karnaukhova Elena 
Published: August 2022

Introduction Protease activated receptors 1 (PAR1) and 4 (PAR4) agonists are used to study platelet activation. Data on platelet activation are extrapolated across experimental settings. C1-inhibitor (C1INH) is a protease inhibitor present in plasma but not in isolated platelet suspensions. Here we show that C1INH affects platelet activation through PAR1 and PAR4 agonists. Methods Platelets were isolated from healthy donor whole blood and then labeled with anti-CD62P and PAC1 antibodies. The platelet suspensions were exposed to PAR1 agonists SFLLRN, TFLLR and TFLLRN; PAR4 agonists AYPGKF and GYPGQV; ADP and thrombin. Flow-cytometric measurements were performed in 5, 10 and 15 min after activation. Results 0.25 mg/ml C1INH addition made platelets to faster expose CD62P and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complex after activation with PAR1 agonists. Conversely, C1INH addition led to inhibition of platelet activation with PAR4 agonists and thrombin. Activation with ADP was not affected by C1INH. Conclusions Our results suggest that C1INH can modify platelet activation in the presence of synthetic PAR agonists used in platelet research. These observations may be relevant to the development of new methods to assess platelet function.
The Bayesian Time Machine: Accounting for temporal drift in multi-arm platform trials
Authors: Saville Benjamin R , Berry Donald A , Berry Nicholas S , Viele Kert , Berry Scott M 
Published: August 2022

Background Multi-arm platform trials investigate multiple agents simultaneously, typically with staggered entry and exit of experimental treatment arms versus a shared control arm. In such settings, there is considerable debate whether to limit analyses for a treatment arm to concurrent randomized control subjects or to allow comparisons to both concurrent and non-concurrent (pooled) control subjects. The potential bias from temporal drift over time is at the core of this debate. Methods We propose time-adjusted analyses, including a “Bayesian Time Machine,” to model potential temporal drift in the entire study population, such that primary analyses can incorporate all randomized control subjects from the platform trial. We conduct a simulation study to assess performance relative to utilizing concurrent or pooled controls. Results In multi-arm platform trials with staggered entry, analyses adjusting for temporal drift (either Bayesian or frequentist) have superior estimation of treatment effects and favorable testing properties compared to analyses using either concurrent or pooled controls. The Bayesian Time Machine generally provides estimates with greater precision and smaller mean square error than alternative approaches, at the risk of small bias and small Type I error inflation. Conclusions The Bayesian Time Machine provides a compromise between bias and precision by smoothing estimates across time and leveraging all available data for the estimation of treatment effects. Prior distributions controlling the behavior of dynamic smoothing across time must be pre-specified and carefully calibrated to the unique context of each trial, appropriately accounting for the population, disease, and endpoints.
From blazing to burnt out: Spontaneous regression of a testicular germ cell tumour
Authors: Wijnberg Alexander , Hadden Rob , Freeman Simon 
Published: August 2022

Introduction: It is a rare, but recognised phenomenon that malignant testicular germ cell tumours can ‘burn-out’, where the primary lesion spontaneously regresses and presents with no viable remaining malignant cells leaving only a residual ‘tumour scar’, frequently in the context of distant metastatic disease Case Report: We present a case report of a patient who underwent serial ultrasound scans documenting regression of a testicular lesion from a malignant appearance to a burned-out lesion, where subsequent resection and histology demonstrated features of a completely regressed seminomatous germ cell tumour with no residual viable tumour cells. Discussion: To the best of our knowledge, there are no previously documented cases where a tumour has been longitudinally followed from sonographic features of concern for malignancy to ‘burned-out’ appearances. Spontaneous testicular tumour regression has instead been inferred based on the presence of a ‘burned-out’ testicular lesion in patients presenting with distant metastatic disease. Conclusion: This case provides further evidence supporting the concept of spontaneous testicular germ cell tumour regression. Ultrasound practitioners should be aware of this rare phenomenon in men presenting with metastatic germ cell tumour and, additionally, that this condition may present with acute scrotal pain.