bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance comparison using different multilayer perceptron input–output formats to predict unsteady indoor temperature distribution
Authors: Wei Chenghao , Ooka Ryozo , Zhou Qi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractComputational fluid dynamics (CFD) is widely used to predict the indoor thermal environment; however, large time cost represents a significant disadvantage. Several deep learning approaches have been introduced to reduce prediction time in steady‐state predictions, though their feasibility under unsteady ones has yet to be investigated. Considering the flexibility of the multilayer perceptron (MLP) input–output format, this study compared the performance of two MLP input–output formats, MLP‐A (simultaneously outputting the values for all cells in a space in a single calculation run) and MLP‐B (outputting the values for a cell in each calculation run), when used to predict unsteady indoor temperature distribution in three scenarios: time interpolation, time extrapolation, and varying boundary conditions. The two considered input–output formats resulted in different prediction patterns in the time interpolation scenario: MLP‐B accurately predicted the spatiotemporal development of airflow compared to the CFD results, whereas MLP‐A did not. Both MLP‐A and MLP‐B performed poorly in the time extrapolation scenario but exhibited different error patterns. Finally, MLP‐A also generally provided a correct prediction of airflow development as well. This study contributes to an understanding of the prediction patterns provided by different MLP input–output formats for unsteady indoor airflow prediction.
False memories for true and false vaccination information form in line with pre‐existing vaccine opinions
Authors: Greene Ciara M. , de Saint Laurent Constance , Hegarty Karen , Murphy Gillian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMisinformation continually threatens efforts to control the COVID‐19 pandemic, with vaccine misinformation now a key concern. False memories for misinformation can influence behavioural intentions, yet little is known about the factors affecting (false) memories for vaccine‐related news items. Across two experiments (totaln = 1481), this paper explores the effects of pre‐existing vaccine opinions on reported memories for true and false news items. In Study 1, participants (n = 817) were exposed to fabricated pro‐ or anti‐vaccine news items, and then asked if they have a memory of this news event having occurred. In Study 2, participants (n = 646) viewed true pro‐ or anti‐vaccine news items. News items were more likely to be remembered when they aligned with participants' pre‐existing vaccine beliefs, with stronger effects for pro‐vaccine information. We conclude by encouraging researchers to consider the role of attitudinal bias when developing interventions to reduce susceptibility to misinformation.
Covalent Adaptable Microstructures via Combining Two‐Photon Laser Printing and Alkoxyamine Chemistry: Toward Living 3D Microstructures
Authors: Jia Yixuan , Spiegel Christoph A. , Welle Alexander , Heißler Stefan , Sedghamiz Elaheh , Liu Modan , Wenzel Wolfgang , Hackner Maximilian , Spatz Joachim P. , Tsotsalas Manuel , Blasco Eva 
Published: September 2022

AbstractManufacturing programmable materials, whose mechanical properties can be adapted on demand, is highly desired for their application in areas ranging from robotics, to biomedicine, or microfluidics. Herein, the inclusion of dynamic and living bonds, such as alkoxyamines, in a printable formulation suitable for two‐photon 3D laser printing is exploited. On one hand, taking advantage of the dynamic covalent character of alkoxyamines, the nitroxide exchange reaction is investigated. As a consequence, a reduction of the Young´s Modulus by 50%, is measured by nanoindentation. On the other hand, due to its “living” characteristic, the chain extension becomes possible via nitroxide mediated polymerization. In particular, living nitroxide mediated polymerization of styrene results not only in a dramatic increase of the volume (≈8 times) of the 3D printed microstructure but also an increase of the Young's Modulus by two orders of magnitude (from 14 MPa to 2.7 GPa), while maintaining the shape including fine structural details. Thus, the approach introduces a new dimension by enabling to create microstructures with dynamically tunable size and mechanical properties.
Electronic Structural Insight into High‐Performance Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Cheng Yang , Gui Zhixiang , Qiao Ruixi , Fang Shucheng , Ba Guohang , Liang Tianyu , Wan Haoyue , Zhang Zhihong , Liu Can , Ma Chaojie , Hong Hao , Fan Fengjia , Liu Kaihui , Shen Huaibin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractQuantum dot light‐emitting diodes (QD‐LEDs) are highly promising light sources with excellent figures of merit. Although great successes have been achieved in elevating some key parameters to an ideal level, QD‐LEDs with superior performance in all aspects have rarely been realized. Herein, by exploring crystalline structure‐dependent electronic properties, it is shown that QD‐LEDs can simultaneously exhibit high external quantum efficiency, roll‐off‐free under high brightness, and dramatically improved operational stability. This improved performance stems from the crystal phase engineering of QD. Reduced structure symmetry in the wurtzite phase introduces an unneglectable internal crystal field compared with the zinc‐blende one, which raises both the conduction and valence band energy levels, thus, facilitating a more balanced charge injection. The crystal phase‐optimized superior‐comprehensive performance in the QD‐LED offers a novel degree of freedom for device engineering and promotes commercial applications for the upcoming display and illumination technologies.
Freestanding and Scalable Force‐Softness Bimodal Sensor Arrays for Haptic Body‐Feature Identification
Authors: Cui Zequn , Wang Wensong , Xia Huarong , Wang Changxian , Tu Jiaqi , Ji Shaobo , Tan Joel Ming Rui , Liu Zhihua , Zhang Feilong , Li Wenlong , Lv Zhisheng , Li Zheng , Guo Wei , Koh Nien Yue , Ng Kian Bee , Feng Xue , Zheng Yuanjin , Chen Xiaodong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTactile technologies that can identify human body features are valuable in clinical diagnosis and human–machine interactions. Previously, cutting‐edge tactile platforms have been able to identify structured non‐living objects; however, identification of human body features remains challenging mainly because of the irregular contour and heterogeneous spatial distribution of softness. Here, freestanding and scalable tactile platforms of force‐softness bimodal sensor arrays are developed, enabling tactile gloves to identify body features using machine‐learning methods. The bimodal sensors are engineered by adding a protrusion on a piezoresistive pressure sensor, endowing the resistance signals with combined information of pressure and the softness of samples. The simple design enables 112 bimodal sensors to be integrated into a thin, conformal, and stretchable tactile glove, allowing the tactile information to be digitalized while hand skills are performed on the human body. The tactile glove shows high accuracy (98%) in identifying four body features of a real person, and four organ models (healthy and pathological) inside an abdominal simulator, demonstrating identification of body features of the bimodal tactile platforms and showing their potential use in future healthcare and robotics.
Crystal‐Phase Controlled Epitaxial Growth of NbNx Superconductors on Wide‐Bandgap AlN Semiconductors
Authors: Kobayashi Atsushi , Kihira Shunya , Takeda Takahito , Kobayashi Masaki , Harada Takayuki , Ueno Kohei , Fujioka Hiroshi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe structural similarity between NbNx and AlN facilitates the integration of superconductors into semiconductor optoelectronic devices. The abrupt interface between wide‐bandgap AlN and superconducting NbNx is essential for future nitride quantum devices, such as Josephson junction‐based quantum bits. In this study, the fundamental properties of NbNx epitaxially grown at various temperatures on atomically flat AlN/sapphire template substrates are investigated. It is found that with increasing epitaxial growth temperature, the nitrogen content of NbNx films grown on AlN decreases, resulting in a change in crystal structure from δ‐ to β‐ via ε‐ and γ ‐type. Microstructural analysis reveals that NbNx thin films epitaxially grown at high temperatures crystallize into a pure hexagonal β‐type and have atomically flat surface and the same in‐plane lattice constant as AlN. The technology for growing high‐purity NbNx films with flat interfaces and surfaces on AlN can contribute to the integration of nitride semiconductors and superconductor hybrid devices.
Extremely Stable Thorium‐MOF Assembly of Tetraphenylethylene Derivative With Tunable AIE Property and Highly Selective Detection of Nitro Aromatic Compounds
Authors: Guan Qing Lin , Xu Fen , Xiao Yao , You Zi Xin , Bai Feng Ying , Xing Yong Heng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThorium‐based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are unique, which are substantially less reported compared to the MOFs based on transition metal and rare earth elements. Here, a thorium‐MOF (Th‐TCBPE) based on 4',4'',4''',4''''‐(ethene‐1,1,2,2‐tetrayl)tetrakis([1,1'‐biphenyl]‐4‐carboxylic acid) (H4TCBPE) and thorium nitrate is synthesized first. Th‐TCBPE is an interpenetrated 2D network, where Th (IV) is ten‐coordinated with a bicapped dodecahedron coordination geometry. Further studies about the structure by time‐resolved emission spectra (TRES) analysis are also discussed. What's more, Th‐TCBPE has excellent thermal stability and good tunable AIE property on concentration in THF. The photophysical properties of Th‐TCBPE in different solvents, different concentrations in THF, and different ratios of THF/H2O are studied. The ability of Th‐TCBPE to detect nitro aromatic compounds is also investigated. It is also believed that this work can provide theoretical guidance and inspiration for the development of Th‐MOF and MOF with AIEgens in the future.
Gate‐Tunable Graphene Optical Modulator on Fiber Tip: Design and Demonstration
Authors: Ding Zi‐xuan , Xu Hao‐tian , Xiong Yi‐feng , Zhou Kang‐hu , Chen Ye , Lu Yan‐qing , Xu Fei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA fiber‐end‐face‐integrated electrically tunable optical modulator based on graphene field‐effect transistor and the fabrication technique are proposed and demonstrated. The all‐fiber device features a scheme of compactness and high integration when applied to fiber optical system, as well as a low insertion loss since spatial coupling of light is avoided. A reflecting structure is used and the electro‐optic modulator shows vivid modulation when gate voltage gets tuned, with maximum optical reflectance modulation depth over 1% in demonstration. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first time to build an all‐solid gate‐control modulator directly on fiber facet. The fabrication methods introduce workflows of silicon‐on‐insulator processing into the optical fiber end‐face micromachining domain which can be applied to more comprehensive configurations, broadening the path of fiber‐end‐face integrated device.
Diode Factor in Solar Cells with Metastable Defects and Back Contact Recombination
Authors: Wang Taowen , Ehre Florian , Weiss Thomas Paul , Veith‐Wolf Boris , Titova Valeriya , Valle Nathalie , Melchiorre Michele , Ramírez Omar , Schmidt Jan , Siebentritt Susanne 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTo achieve a high fill factor, a small diode factor close to 1 is essential. The optical diode factor determined by photoluminescence is the diode factor from the neutral zone of the solar cell and thus a lower bound for the diode factor. Due to metastable defects transitions, the optical diode factor is higher than 1 even at low excitation. Here, the influence of the backside recombination and the doping level on the optical diode factor are studied. First, photoluminescence and solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS) simulations are used to determine the back surface recombination velocity of Cu(In, Ga)Se2 with various back contacts and different doping levels. Then, experimental results and simulations show that both back surface recombination and high doping density reduce the optical diode factor. The back surface recombination reduces the optical diode factor with undesirable extra nonradiative recombination. The smaller value achieved by higher doping can increase quasi‐Fermi level splitting at the same time. The simulations show that the back surface recombination reduces the optical diode factor due to an illumination‐dependent recombination rate. In addition, a higher majority carrier doping reduces the influence of majority carrier gain from metastable defect transitions, thus reducing the optical diode factor.
Achieving Synchronization of Electrochemical Production of Ammonia from Nitrate and Ammonia Capture by Constructing a “Two‐In‐One” Flow Cell Electrolyzer
Authors: Mi Lingren , Huo Qihua , Cao Jianyong , Chen Xinbao , Yang Hengpan , Hu Qi , He Chuanxin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO3−RR) provides a promising route to produce ammonia (NH3) while addressing environmental issues of NO3−. Although great success has been achieved on the development of efficient NO3−RR electrocatalysts, few has concerned about how to capture NH3from the electrolyte, despite that the production and capture of NH3are equally important to the practical application of NO3−RR. Here, inspired by the fact that nearly all in situ generated NH3is gaseous at the electrode surface during the small‐current NO3−RR, a “two‐in‐one” flow cell electrolyzer is smartly designed that integrates the chambers of NO3−RR electrolysis and NH3capture through a commercial gas diffusion electrode, aiming at achieving the synchronization of NH3production and capture. Remarkably, this electrolyzer also enables rapid transport of NH3products away from the three‐phase reaction interfaces, thereby significantly promoting the conversion of NO3−to NH3. By using robust electrocatalysts with the function like nanoreactors, the electrolyzer delivers a maximum ammonia Faradaic efficiency of 90.2%, along with a large current density (−528.0 mA cm−2) and NH3capture rate of 90.4%. Clearly, this work provides opportunities to concurrently produce and capture NH3and thus help the realization of nitrogen cycle.
Review on key issues of an axial gas–liquid separator for ultralow gas content
Authors: Yin Junlian , Zhang Tingting , Li Jinfeng , Wang Dezhong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe separation of gas and liquid is a topic of general interest in science and engineering, for which tremendous efforts are endeavored to develop separators with high efficiency and reliability. However, when it comes to ultralow gas content, some of the separators fail. A special separator finds the potential herein, which consists of a swirl vane, a swirl chamber and a recovery vane. When the gas–liquid mixture goes through the swirl vane, bubbles will be concentrated into the swirl chamber center and evolved into a gas core. However, two key issues need to be addressed for the axial separator before industrial applications. One issue is that all the bubbles must be captured without exception, that is, the separation efficiency is close to 100%. The other issue is the stability of the gas core, the shape of which is sometimes rectilinear and sometimes spiral. A successful separation relies on the rectilinear shaped gas core. Focused on the two issues above, tremendous experimental, numerical and theoretical investigations have been carried out. In this article, the key challenges and solutions for the two issues are summarized.
Selective Synthesis of 5‐Alkynyl Trisubstituted 1,2,3‐triazoles from Azides and Alkynes via Photoexcited Copper(I)acetylides
Authors: Prasanth Kesavan , Bhargava Reddy Mandapati , Anandhan Ramasamy 
Published: September 2022

AbstractVisible‐light‐initiated copper(I) catalyzed selective synthesis of 5‐alkynyl trisubstituted 1,2,3‐triazoles from azides and alkynes is reported. The reaction proceeded via photoexcited copper(I)acetylides with azides to in‐situ formation of cuprate‐triazole followed by oxidative C−C(sp) coupling with another alkynes. The UV‐Visible spectrum shows that in‐situ photoexcited copper(I)acetylides (λabs=425–485 nm) is most probably the key light absorbing species responsible for CuAAC reactions.
Anti‐inflammatory effects of amarogentin on 2,4‐dinitrochlorobenzene‐induced atopic dermatitis–like mice and in HaCat cells
Authors: Zhang Qian , Wang Hanlin , Ran Cheng , Lyu Yansi , Li Fei , Yao Yihang , Xing Shaojun , Wang Li , Chen Si 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundAmarogentin (AMA) is a secoiridoid glycoside extracted from Swertia and Gentiana roots and exhibits many biological effects such as antioxidative, anti‐inflammatory, and antitumor activities. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease caused by disorders in the regulation of multiple inflammatory cytokines. No effective cure has been found for AD now.MethodsWe constructed the HaCat and splenocyte model and tested the inhibitory effect of AMA on IL‐4, IL‐6, and IL‐13 secretions using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The AD mouse model was constructed and treated with AMA, the severity of skin lesions was observed, epidermal tissue was collected, and epidermal thickness and mast cell infiltration were observed using hematoxylin and eosin and toluidine blue staining, respectively. The expression of kallikrein‐related peptidase 7 (KLK7) and filaggrin (FLG) was detected using immunostaining and Western blot analysis. The mRNA expression of KLK7 and FLG was detected using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Blood immunoglobulin E (IgE) secretion was detected.ResultsAMA inhibited IL‐6 secreted by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α‐induced HaCaT cells and reduced IL‐4 and IL‐13 secreted by phytohemagglutinin (PHA)‐induced primary cells in the mice spleen. It was found that the treatment of AMA with 2,4‐dinitrochlorobenzene‐induced AD‐like mice could promote the recovery of dermatitis, reduce the score of dermatitis severity and the scratching frequency, treat the skin lesions, reduce the epidermal thickness, decrease the infiltration of mast cells, reduce the IgE level in serum, decrease the expression levels of AD‐related cytokines, increase protein and mRNA expression of FLG, and reduce the protein and mRNA expression of KLK7 in the skin tissues of AD‐like mice.ConclusionIn conclusion, AMA inhibits inflammatory response at the cellular level, and AMA reduces the validation response of specific dermatitis mice, relieves pruritus, and repairs the damaged skin barrier.
The Story of the Little Blue Box: A Tribute to Siegfried Hünig
Authors: Chen Xiao‐Yang , Chen Hongliang , Fraser Stoddart J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe tetracationic cyclophane, cyclobis(paraquat‐p‐phenylene), also known as the little blue box, constitutes a modular receptor that has facilitated the discovery of many host–guest complexes and mechanically interlocked molecules during the past 35 years. Its versatility in binding small π‐donors in its tetracationic state, as well as forming trisradical tricationic complexes with viologen radical cations in its doubly reduced bisradical dicationic state, renders it valuable for the construction of various stimuli‐responsive materials. Since the first reports in 1988, the little blue box has been featured in over 500 publications in the literature. All this research activity would not have been possible without the seminal contributions carried out by Siegfried Hünig, who not only pioneered the syntheses of viologen‐containing cyclophanes, but also revealed their rich redox chemistry in addition to their ability to undergo intramolecular π‐dimerization. This Review describes how his pioneering research led to the design and synthesis of the little blue box, and how this redox‐active host evolved into the key component of molecular shuttles, switches, and machines.
Strain‐Release Pentafluorosulfanylation and Tetrafluoro(aryl)sulfanylation of [1.1.1]Propellane: Reactivity and Structural Insight**
Authors: Kraemer Yannick , Ghiazza Clément , Ragan Abbey N. , Ni Shengyang , Lutz Sigrid , Neumann Elizabeth K. , Fettinger James C. , Nöthling Nils , Goddard Richard , Cornella Josep , Pitts Cody Ross 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe leveraged the recent increase in synthetic accessibility of SF5Cl and Ar−SF4Cl compounds to combine chemistry of the SF5and SF4Ar groups with strain‐release functionalization. By effectively adding SF5and SF4Ar radicals across [1.1.1]propellane, we accessed structurally unique bicyclopentanes, bearing two distinct elements of bioisosterism. Upon evaluating these “hybrid isostere” motifs in the solid state, we measured exceptionally short transannular distances; in one case,the distance rivals the shortest nonbonding C⋅⋅⋅C contact reported to date. This prompted SC‐XRD and DFT analyses that support the notion that a donor‐acceptor interaction involving the “wing” C−C bonds is playing an important role in stabilization. Thus, these heretofore unknown structures expand the palette for highly coveted three‐dimensional fluorinated building blocks and provide insight to a more general effect observed in bicyclopentanes.
Amorphous Aluminosilicate Nanosheets as Universal Precursors for the Synthesis of Diverse Zeolite Nanosheets for Polymer‐Cracking Reactions
Authors: Sasaki Koki , Gaitan Jose A. Hernandez , Okue Tsuyoshi , Matoba Shotaro , Tokuda Yuki , Miyake Koji , Uchida Yoshiaki , Nishiyama Norikazu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractZeolites catalyze some reactions in their molecular‐sized pores, but large molecules can react only on their external surface. Zeolite‐nanosheets (NSs) have been developed as catalysts for large molecules. The previously reported methods to synthesize zeolite‐NSs are specialized for each zeolite type. Here we propose a new method to synthesize various zeolite‐NSs from the same amorphous aluminosilicate NSs (AAS‐NSs) as a universal precursor. We successfully synthesized the unprecedented AAS‐NSs in the hydrophilic space of the stable hyperswollen lyotropic lamellar (HL) phase. The four zeolite types could be obtained from the single‐species AAS‐NSs. These results imply that this method enables us to synthesize almost all types of zeolite‐NSs. Moreover, the synthesized CHA‐NSs have great potential for various applications because of their thickness and large external surface area.
An Unsaturated Bond Strategy to Regulate Active Centers of Metal‐Free Covalent Organic Frameworks for Efficient Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Yan Xiangyu , Wang Bingbing , Ren Jun , Long Xiaojing , Yang Dongjiang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUnsaturated environment is the key to affect catalytic activity of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Unveiling the effect of unsaturated sites toward ORR activity is of importance due to the vague unsaturated states. Reported here is a proof‐of‐concept strategy on the evaluation of unsaturated bonds (UBs) on adjacent carbon environment by precisely developing two metal‐free vinyl‐/azo‐decorated covalent organic frameworks (Vinyl‐COFandAzo‐COF) as catalysts. The as‐prepared UB‐COFs exhibit good performance than the controlPy‐COFand comparable to the most reported carbon catalysts. Supported by theory calculations and in situ Raman spectra‐electrochemistry, it is revealed that the UBs in organic catalysts can producepara‐activation, identifying theparaC=N groups as active centers. Importantly, the intrinsic UBs can induce local charge redistribution, and make the molecular skeleton possess high isosurface map distribution, with an efficient affinity for oxygen intermediates.