bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Difference in the Alveolar Bone Remodeling Between the Adolescents and Adults During Upper Incisor Retraction: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zheng Ya , Zhu Chenjing , Zhu Meng , Lei Lang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Backgroud: The purpose of this study was to compare the difference of alveolar bone remodeling between the adolescents and adults in the maxillary incisor area during retraction. Methods: This retrospective study included 72 female patients who needed moderate anchorage to correct the bimaxillary protrusion. Subjects were further divided into the minor group (n=36, 11-16 years old) and adult group (n=36, 18-35 years old). Digital lateral cephalography and cone beam CT scanning were taken in each patient before (T0) and after treatment (T1). Cephalometry was conducted to assess incisor retraction, while alveolar bone thickness (ABT), alveolar bone distance (ABD, and alveolar bone area (ABA) were detected to assess changes in the alveolar bone. Results: No difference in the inclination of upper incisors was observed at both T0 and T1. Changes in the alveolar bone showed a similar tendency with bone apposition on the labial side and resorption on the palatal side. Less increase in the labial ABT (T1-T0) and more decrease in the palatal ABT (T1-T0) was found in the adult group, leading to less total ABT in the adult group. Higher reduction inn ABD (T1-T0) was found in the adult group. Moreover, more decrease in the ABA (T1-T0) was found in the adult group. Conclusion: When compared adolescents, adult patients have less alveolar bone support after orthodontic treatment, showing a through-the-bone remodeling pattern. Orthodontic should take the age into consideration to reduce the potential periodontal risks during treatment planning.
Two-Stage Model for Machine Learning/Transient-based Leak Detection in Pressurized Pipelines
Authors: Ayati Amir Houshang , Haghighi Ali , Ghafouri Hamid Reza 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study introduces a two-stage approach for high-resolution leak localization in large-scale pipelines by coupling machine learning to transient hydraulics. The method includes two stages of leak zone identification and in-zone Leak detection. A transient simulation model using the Method of Characteristics (MOC) is developed to generate the learning data for the pipeline under consideration. Afterward, the problem search space is reduced, and the maximum leak detection error is restricted by determining the most likely leaky zone using Support Vector Regression (SVR). Then, the zone dataset is provided by introducing leak candidates to the identified zone. After that, an ensemble classifier consisting of a set of linear discriminant components is trained to reliably detect the exact location of the leak using the majority voting technique. The models are applied to a theoretical pipeline and an experimental Reservoir-Pipe-Valve (RPV) system. The performance of the applied machine learning algorithms is compared to well-known algorithms considering a variety of kernels and hyperparameters. The impacts of different levels of uncertainty in pipe roughness and initial flow on the models' accuracy are also investigated. The results manifest that the proposed model has high accuracy and is stable, and robust against the hydraulic simulation uncertainties.
Effect of summer environment on growing lambs under hot semi-arid tropical region
Authors: De Kalyan , Kumawat Pankaj Kumar , Sharma Shivendra , Jain Tarun Kumar , Mohapatra Arpita , Kumar Davendra , Sahoo Artabandhu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Extended hot summer is a major constrain in animal production in the semi-arid tropical region. However, the adult native sheep is well-adapted to this climatic condition. Nonetheless, the adaptability of growing lambs in summer conditions is yet to be explored for sustainable sheep production. Therefore, the present study was carried out to assess the effect of summer environment on the growing lambs under hot semi-arid region. For this purpose, sixteen Malpura weaner lambs of 3-4 months of age were selected and equally distributed into two groups, viz. C and T. The lambs of T groups were kept inside the psychometric chamber in different temperature and humidity schedules simulated with the summer average temperature and humidity of the last 10-year of the semi-arid tropics. The lambs of C groups were kept inside the pen in a thermocomfort environment with the same space availability of T group lambs. The lambs of both the groups were provided with adlibitum feed and water. The water intake, respiration rate (RR), pulse rate (PR), rectal temperature (RT) and skin temperature of T group lamb was significantly (P<0.05) higher as compared to C group lambs. The summer exposure (T) reduced (P<0.01) the feeding and rumination time whereas increased (P<0.01) the panting in lambs as compared to C group. The endocrine profile did not varied (P>0.05) with the simulated summer exposure of semi-arid region in lambs. The present study reflected that the native Malpura growing lamb modifies their behavior and thermoregulatory responses to counter the extreme summer of the semi-arid region.
The Effect of Superbrain Yoga Exercises On Cognitive Functions of The Older Adult
Authors: Derayat Azadeh , Beydokhti Tahereh Baloochi , Mottaghy Mahmood Reza , kakhki Saeed Khayat , Sadeghmoghadam Leila 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Cognitive disorders are considered one of the most important and controversial disorders among the elderly, which significantly reduces the quality of life and efficiency, and ultimately increases the mortality rate of the elderly. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of superbrain yoga exercises on the cognitive function of the elderly.Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental performed on 60 people of the elderly aged 60-75 years who regularly went to the centers of comprehensive health services in Khaf, a city in the west of Iran, in 1399. Participants were randomly selected and divided into two groups. A brief questionnaire was used to assess cognitive status which was completed at the beginning and end of the intervention. The elderly, after obtaining a score of 21 to 23 from the brief cognitive status questionnaire, were divided into two groups of intervention and control. The intervention group did superbrain yoga exercises three days a week for one month. The study data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20.Results: There was no statistical difference between the two groups in terms of cognitive function score before the intervention. Comparison of the mean score of cognitive status in the two groups after the intervention showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups (P <0.001).Conclusion: Superbrain yoga exercise affects the cognitive status of the elderly and is recommended to prevent Alzheimer's disease in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment.
Comparative Analyses of Chloroplast Genomes from Six Rhodiola Species: Variable DNA Markers Identification and Phylogenetic Inferences
Authors: Zhao Kaihui , Li Lianqiang , Quan Hong , Yang Junbo , Zhang Zhirong , Liao Zhihua , Lan Xiaozhong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

As a valuable medicinal plant, Rhodiola has a very long history of folk medicine used as an important adaptogen, tonic, and hemostatic. However, our knowledge of the chloroplast genome level of Rhodiola is limited.
Results

Six Rhodiola complete chloroplast genomes were determined and compared to another Rhodiola cp genome at the genome scale. The results revealed a cp genome with a typical quadripartite and circular structure that ranged in size from 150,771 to 151,891 base pairs. These Rhodiola cp genomes contain genome organization, gene number, gene order, and GC content that are similar to many angiosperm cp genomes. Repeats and microsatellites were detected. Thirteen mutational hotspots for genome divergence were determined and could be used as candidate markers for phylogenetic analyses and Rhodiola species identification. The phylogenetic relationships inferred by members of Rhodiola cluster into two clades: dioecious and hermaphrodite. Our findings are helpful for understanding Rhodiola's taxonomic, phylogenetic, and evolutionary relationships.
Conclusions

Comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes of Rhodiola facilitates medicinal resource conservation, phylogenetic reconstruction and biogeographical research of Rhodiola.
Enhancing Mental Health and Social Connection Through an Acute Online Dance Intervention
Authors: Humphries Ashlee , Rugh Rachel , Patrick Morgan , Basso Julia C. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Dance is a multidimensional form of physical activity that includes sensory, motor, cognitive, rhythmic, creative, and social elements. Long-term, interventional studies in dance have shown positive effects on both mental and social health; however, little has been done to examine the acute effects and no studies to date have explored the relationship between the mental health and social outcomes of dance. We examined the hypothesis that online dance can acutely improve mental health and social connection during a time of social isolation, namely, the COVID-19 crisis. Healthy adults (age ≥18; n=47) completed a single session of 60 minutes of self-selected online dance, completing a series of validated self-reported questionnaires before and after class. We found that online dance acutely improves mental health as measured by increased positive affect and self-esteem and decreased negative affect and depression. Additionally, online dance acutely enhanced social and community connectedness. Further, we found that those who experienced the largest increases in self-esteem and decreases in negative affect demonstrated the largest gains in social connectivity. Although in-person dance classes may be optimal for dance technique training, online dance instruction has important clinical benefits. We conclude that through online dance, individuals can experience a body-mind-community connection.
Cloudburst analysis in the Himalayan region, 2021
Authors: rawat kishan , Sahu Smruti Ranjan , Singh Sudhir Kumrar , Mishra Anil Kumar 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Some area of Uttarakhand facing heavy rainfall during 17-19 October 2021.Mainy in 18th October rainfall hits its all time high. Due to this sudden heavy rainfall daily life of human mainly affected. More than 50 casualities recorded during this study period. Main focus of this study is monitoring the flood event of Uttarakhand using satellite observation. Nainital and Almora districts of the state were mainly affected by this sudden heavy rainfall. On 18th October Nainital received the maximum rainfall of about 21.51mm at 11:00 am. Nainital recorded cumulative rainfall more than 300mm on 18th October 2021. From the observation we got that this heavy rainfall occurs due to the sudden cloud burst at the Ramgarh of Nainital district. This sudden extreme rainfall event further caused flash flood. The rainfall moving towards Assam after it caused flash flood in Nainital District of Uttarakhand.
OnabotulinumtoxinA in Chronic Migraine: Is the Response Dose Dependent?
Authors: Zandieh Ali , Cutrer Fred Michael 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: OnabotulinumtoxinA has been widely used for control of chronic migraine. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy of different doses of the onabotulinumtoxinA therapy in patients with chronic migraine.Methods: This is a retrospective paired comparison study on patients with chronic migraine who received at least 3 rounds of 150 units of onabotulinumtoxinA followed by at least 3 rounds of 200 units of onabotulinumtoxinA. The data from the patient-reported questionnaires about headache days, severe headache days and wearing off periods were reviewed. Results: A total of 175 patients were included in this study. The headache days and severe headache days decreased from 13.62±10.79 and 5.88±6.73 to 11.02±10.61and 4.01±4.89 days, after increase in the onabotulinumtoxinA dose, respectively (P<0.001 for both comparisons). The favorable effect of the 200 units compared to the 150 units of the onabotulinumtoxinA, was independent from the headache location and the duration of the onabotulinumtoxinA 150 units therapy; and persisted as patients continued to receive the higher dose of onabotulinumtoxinA. Increase in the onabotulinumtoxinA dose was also associated with a decreased wearing off period (P<0.05). Conclusion: Increase in the onabotulinumtoxinA dose is associated with better headache control and independently improves the numbers of the headache and severe headache days.
Multimodal Anatomy of the Human Forniceal Commissure
Authors: Akeret Kevin , Forkel Stephanie , Buzzi Raphael , Vasella Flavio , Amrein Irmgard , Colacicco Giovanni , Serra Carlo , Krayenbühl Niklaus 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Anatomical studies investigating the forniceal commissure have mainly been performed in non-human primates. However, ambiguity surrounds the existence, morphology, and functionality of this structure in the human brain.
We investigated the morphology of the human forniceal commissure by including advanced in vivo tractography, ex vivo fiber dissection, and histology. A whole-brain tractography from 7T data of 180 participants was produced, each fornix dissected, and fiber percentage maps calculated. In nine human brains, we performed stepwise multidirectional Klinger dissection under the operating microscope. For histological analysis, multiplanar serial floating sections of six specimens were obtained.
Virtual fiber dissection did not identify interhemispheric connections between the crura fornicis. Klingler dissection demonstrated a thin soft-tissue membrane spanning between the left and right crus fornicis, but no commissural fibers. These findings were corroborated by the multiplanar histological analysis with myelin staining that visualized delicate cruciform fibers extending between the crura fornicis, which were enclosed by connective tissue.
The human forniceal commissure appears much more delicate than previously described and presented in anatomical textbooks. This finding is consistent with the phylogenetic trend of a striking reduction of the forniceal commissure in non-human primates compared to non-primate mammals and might have functional implications in clinical neurology.
Vital Signs of Severe COVID-19 Patients During Inter-Hospital Helicopter Transfer
Authors: Slagt Cornelis , Spoelder Eduard Johannes , Tacken Marijn Cornelia Theresia , Frijlink Maartje , Servaas Sjoerd , Leijte Guus , Eijk Lucas Theodorus van , Geffen Geert Jan van 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic in The Netherlands, critically ill ventilated COVID-19 patients were transferred not only between hospitals by ambulance but also by the Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS). To date, little is known about the impact of helicopter transport on critically ill patients and COVID-19 patients in particular. This study was conducted to explore the impact of inter-hospital helicopter transfer on vital signs of mechanically ventilated severe COVID-19 intensive care patients, with special focus on take-off, midflight, and landing.Methods: All ventilated critically ill COVID-19 patients who were transported between April 2020 and June 2021 by the Dutch ‘Lifeliner 5’ HEMS team and who were fully monitored, including noninvasive cardiac output, were included in this study. Three 10-minute timeframes (take-off, midflight and landing) were defined for analysis. Continuous data on the vital parameters heart rate, peripheral oxygen saturation, arterial blood pressure, end-tidal CO2 and noninvasive cardiac output using electrical cardiometry were collected and stored at 1-minute intervals. Data were analydzed for differences over time within the timeframes using 1-way analysis of variance. Significant differences were checked for clinical relevance.Results: Ninety-eight patients were included in the analysis. During take-off, an increase was noticed in cardiac output (from 6.7 to 8.1 Lmin-1; P<0.0001), which was determined by a decrease in systemic vascular resistance (from 1068 to 750 dyne·s·cm−5, P<0.0001) accompanied by an increase in stroke volume (from 92.0 to 110.2 ml, P<0.0001). Other parameters were unchanged during take-off and mid-flight. During landing, cardiac output and stroke volume slightly decreased (from 7.9 to 7.1 Lmin-1, P<0.0001 and from 108.3 to 100.6 ml, P<0.0001, respectively), and total systemic vascular resistance increased (P<0.0001). Though statistically significant, the found changes were small and not clinically relevant to the medical status of the patients as judged by the attending physicians.Conclusions: Interhospital helicopter transfer of ventilated intensive care patients with COVID-19 can be performed safely and does not result in clinically relevant changes in vital signs. This study was assessed by the medical ethical committee Arnhem-Nijmegen, the Netherlands (identifier 2021-7313). The committee waived the need for informed consent. The study was registered at www.trialregister.nl (identifier NL9307).
Scintillation Sign, A Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Feature That Contributes To Identify L-Shaped Non-Traumatic Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Hu Baiqiang , Li Wenjuan , Zhang Zuofu , Qi Xiaojun , Sun Hongliang , Qin Junming , Wang Xiufeng , Wang Jing , Sui Laijian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective
To determine the value of scintillation sign from Magnetic Resonance (MR) in assessing the tear of rotator cuff before operation.
Method
Preoperative MRI from 52 cases were system reviewed, two independent imaging physicians were invited to read the results. The results were further confirmed by the interoperative observations from the arthroscope. Statistical analysis was performed to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of scintillation sign.
Result
The specificity and sensitivity of the scintillation sign are relatively high stable, when used between different imaging physician or the same imaging physician at different times.
Conclusion
Scintillation sign is a very meaningful sign in identifying the L-shape tear with a high sensitivity and specificity, which is helpful for a better preoperative plan for the rotator cuff repair.
Gene Variants of the SLC2A5 Gene Encoding GLUT5, the Major Fructose Transporter, Do Not Contribute to Clinical Presentation of Acquired Fructose Malabsorption.
Authors: Taneva Irina , Grumann Dorothee , Schmidt Dietmar , Taneva Elina , von Arnim Ulrike , Ansorge Thomas , Wex Thomas 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: While role of ALDOB-related gene variants for hereditary fructose intolerance is well established, contribution of gene variants for acquired fructose malabsorption (e.g. SLC2A5, GLUT5) is not well understood.Methods: Patients referred to fructose breath test were further selected to identify those having acquired fructose malabsorption. Molecular analysis included (I) exclusion of three main ALDOB gene variants causing hereditary fructose intolerance and (II) sequencing analysis of genomic region comprising of complete coding region, at least 20 bp of adjacent intronic regions and 700 bp of proximal promoter. Results: Thirty-five individuals with acquired fructose malabsorption were identified among 494 patients based on pathological fructose-breath test and normal lactose-breath test. 34 patients (97%) had negative tissue anti-transglutaminase and /or deamidated gliadin antibodies in their medical records. Molecular analysis of SLC2A5/GLUT5 gene of all 35 subjects identified five frequent and five singular gene variants mostly in noncoding regions (promoter and intron). Allele frequencies of gene variants were similar to those reported in public databases strongly implying that none of them was significantly associated with acquired fructose malabsorption. Conclusions: Gene variants of coding exons, adjacent intronic regions and proximal promoter region of SLC2A5 gene are unlikely to contribute to genetic predisposition of acquired fructose malabsorption.
Halogen-free, phosphorus decorated, bio-waste derived nanocomposite for highly efficient flame retardant for cotton fabric
Authors: Dhumal Pratik S. , Lokhande Kshama D. , Bhakare Madhuri A. , Bondarde Mahesh P. , Some Surajit 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We have prepared an efficient flame retardant composite using biowaste derived phosphorous groups decorated graphene supported nanomaterial. The eggshell was utilized as a source of calcium carbonate, which was converted to monocalcium phosphate (CP) by phosphoric acid treatment. As-prepared monocalcium phosphate was functionalized with graphene to prepare graphene functionalized monocalcium phosphate (GCP). The GCP-coated fabric didn't ignite during the flame test and sustained more than 600s on continuous exposure to flame without changing its initial length and shape. Whereas, graphene oxide (GO), and CP coated cotton fabric burnt out very easily within a short time. The synthesized GCP coated cotton fabric also confirmed efficient flame retardant property with a high limiting oxygen index (34.1) and char length of 2.5cm was generated from the VFT test. This facile method enables an easy process for mass production of cost-effective, bio-waste derived nanomaterial for a significantly highly efficient candidate for different applications in sustainable chemistry, including flame-retardant application.
Naloxone’s displacement of [11C]carfentanil and duration of receptor occupancy in the rat brain: implications for opioid overdose reversal
Authors: Kang Yeona , O’Conor Kelly A. , Kelleher Andrew , Ramsey Joseph , Bakhoda Gus , Eisenberg Seth M. , Zhao Wenjing , Stodden Tyler , Pearson Torben , Guo Min , Brown Nina , Liow Jeih-San , Fowler Joanna S , Kim Sung Won , Volkow Nora D 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The continuous rise in opioid overdoses in the United States is predominantly driven by very potent synthetic opioids, mostly fentanyl and its derivatives (fentanyls). Although naloxone (NLX) has been shown to effectively reverse overdoses by conventional opioids, there may be a need for higher or repeated doses of NLX to revert overdoses from highly potent fentanyls. Here, we used positron emission tomography (PET) to assess NLX’s dose-dependence on both its rate of displacement of [11C]carfentanil ([11C]CFN) binding and its duration of mu opioid receptor (MOR) occupancy in the male rat brain. We showed that clinically relevant doses of intravenously (IV) administered NLX (0.035mg/kg, Human Equivalent Dose(HED) 0.4mg; 0.17mg/kg, HED 2mg) rapidly displaced the specific binding of [11C]CFN in thalamus in a dose-dependent manner. Brain MOR occupancy by IV NLX was greater than 90% at 5 minutes after NLX administration for both doses, but only 50% occupancy remained at 27.3 min and at 85 min after 0.035mg/Kg and 0.17 mg/Kg NLX, respectively. This indicates that the duration of NLX occupancy at MORs is short-lived. Overall, these results show that clinically relevant doses of IV NLX can promptly displace fentanyls at brain MORs, but that repeated or higher NLX doses may be required to prevent re-narcotization following overdoses with long-acting fentanyls.