bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Covering Convex Bodies and the Closest Vector Problem
Authors: Naszódi Márton , Venzin Moritz 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe present algorithms for the$$(1+\epsilon )$$(1+ϵ)-approximate version of the closest vector problem for certain norms. The currently fastest algorithm (Dadush and Kun 2016) for general norms in dimensionnhas running time of$$2^{O(n)}(1/\epsilon )^n$$2O(n)(1/ϵ)n. We improve this substantially in the following two cases. First, for$$\ell _p$$ℓp-norms with$$p>2$$p>2(resp.$$p \in [1,2]$$p∈[1,2]) fixed, we present an algorithm with a running time of$$2^{O(n)}(1+1/\epsilon )^{n/2}$$2O(n)(1+1/ϵ)n/2(resp.$$2^{O(n)} (1+1/\epsilon )^{n/p}$$2O(n)(1+1/ϵ)n/p). This result is based on a geometric covering problem, that was introduced in the context of CVP by Eisenbrand et al.: How many convex bodies are needed to cover the ball of the norm such that, if scaled by factor 2 around their centroids, each one is contained in the$$(1+\epsilon )$$(1+ϵ)-scaled homothet of the norm ball? We provide upper bounds for this$$(2,\epsilon )$$(2,ϵ)-covering numberby exploiting themodulus of smoothnessof the$$\ell _p$$ℓp-balls. Applying a covering scheme, we can boost any 2-approximation algorithm for CVP to a$$(1+\epsilon )$$(1+ϵ)-approximation algorithm with the improved run time, either using a straightforward sampling routine or using the deterministic algorithm of Dadush for the construction of an epsilon net. Second, we consider polyhedral and zonotopal norms. For centrally symmetric polytopes (resp. zonotopes) in$${\mathbb R}^n$$RnwithO(n) facets (resp. generated byO(n) line segments), we provide a deterministic$$O(\log _2(2+1/\epsilon ))^{O(n)}$$O(log2(2+1/ϵ))O(n)time algorithm. This generalizes the result of Eisenbrand et al. which applies to the$$\ell _\infty $$ℓ∞-norm. Finally, we establish a connection between themodulus of smoothnessandlattice sparsification. As a consequence, using the enumeration and sparsification tools developped by Dadush, Kun, Peikert, and Vempala, we present a simple alternative to the boosting procedure with the same time and space requirement for$$\ell _p$$ℓpnorms. This connection might be of independent interest.
The Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale: Confirmatory factor analyses and relationships with birth experience
Authors: Fallon Victoria , Davies Siân M. , Christiansen Paul , Harrold Joanne A. , Silverio Sergio A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale [PSAS] was developed and validated as a research tool with a four-factor structure; with predictive validity corroborated in studies examining infant-feeding and maternal bonding outcomes. The PSAS has not been examined in relation to birth experiences. We aimed to confirm the PSAS four-factor structure and examine these domains of anxiety in relation to subjective and objective birth experiences. Postpartum mothers (≤ 12-months; N = 500) completed the PSAS alongside measures of subjective birth satisfaction and objective obstetric interventions/complications. Confirmatory factor analyses [CFA] tested eight models, theoretically derived from the preceding exploratory work. Structural equation modelling [SEM] tested associations between each PSAS factor and birth experience variables in the best-fitting model. An identical 51-item four-factor model fits the data well. SEM analyses revealed associations between lower perceptions of quality of intrapartum care and increased maternal competence and attachment anxieties, practical infant care anxieties, and infant safety and welfare anxieties. High subjective stress and negative emotional response to labour were associated with increased psychosocial adjustment to motherhood anxieties. Specific associations were found between neonatal care unit admission and practical infant care anxieties; and infant asphyxia and infant safety and welfare anxieties. Findings confirm construct and convergent validity of the four-factor PSAS and its use in measuring postpartum anxiety. Unique associations were also identified, indicating specific subjective and objective experiences occurring during birth may elicit a differential anxiety response, in that they are related to specific forms of postpartum anxiety which occur during the first postpartum year.
The bin covering with delivery problem, extended investigations for the online case
Authors: Abraham Gyula , Auer Peter , Dosa Gyorgy , Dulai Tibor , Tuza Zsolt , Werner-Stark Agnes 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe deal with a model that is called Bin Covering with Delivery. Here we search for a “good and fast” covering. This problem has been defined and investigated recently. Here we continue and significantly augment the preliminary investigations of the problem. After studying the goodness of adapted versions of some classical algorithms, we propose a parametrized algorithm and use a heuristic parameter optimization method to solve this (algorithmically very challenging) problem. Namely, we apply local search to determine a good choice of the parameters. The efficiency of the proposed method is demonstrated by intensive computer experiments on appropriate modifications of benchmark instances.
Real-world effectiveness of third- or later-line treatment in Japanese patients with HER2-positive, unresectable, recurrent or metastatic gastric cancer: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Sakai Daisuke , Omori Takeshi , Fumita Soichi , Fujita Junya , Kawabata Ryohei , Matsuyama Jin , Yasui Hisateru , Hirao Motohiro , Kawase Tomono , Kishi Kentaro , Taniguchi Yoshiki , Miyazaki Yasuhiro , Kawada Junji , Satake Hironaga , Miura Tomoko , Miyake Akimitsu , Kurokawa Yukinori , Yamasaki Makoto , Yamada Tomomi , Satoh Taroh , Eguchi Hidetoshi , Doki Yuichiro 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Real-world evidence on the preference for and effectiveness of third- or later-line (3L +) monotherapy for HER2-positive gastric cancer is limited in Japan. This study evaluated the utility of nivolumab, irinotecan, and trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) monotherapy as 3L + treatment in Japanese patients with HER2-positive gastric/gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) cancer who were previously treated with trastuzumab.

Methods
In this multicenter, retrospective, observational study (20 centers), data of eligible patients were extracted from medical records (September 22, 2017–March 31, 2020), with follow-up until June 30, 2020. Outcomes included overall survival (OS), real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS), time to treatment failure (TTF), objective response rate (ORR; complete response [CR] + partial response [PR]), and disease control rate (DCR).

Results
Of 127 enrolled patients, the overall analysis population comprised 117 patients (median [range] age, 71 [38–89] years). The most commonly prescribed 3L + monotherapy was nivolumab (n = 100), followed by irinotecan (n = 12) and FTD/TPI (n = 5). The median (95% confidence interval [CI]) OS, rwPFS, and TTF were 6.2 (4.5–8.0), 1.9 (1.5–2.3), and 1.8 (1.5–2.2) months, respectively, at median (range) 150 (25–1007) days of follow-up. The ORR (CR + PR) and DCR were 9.0% (1% + 8%) and 32.0%, respectively. Factors such as higher neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (≥ 2.54), Glasgow prognostic score (≥ 1), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS; ≥ 2), and hepatic metastasis significantly impacted OS.

Conclusions
The observed OS in this study for HER2-positive G/GEJ cancer was shorter than that reported previously, suggesting that the effectiveness of nivolumab, irinotecan, or FTD/TPI as 3L + therapy may be limited.
Paris Agreement requires substantial, broad, and sustained policy efforts beyond COVID-19 public stimulus packages
Authors: Tanaka Katsumasa , Azar Christian , Boucher Olivier , Ciais Philippe , Gaucher Yann , Johansson Daniel J. A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIt has been claimed that COVID-19 public stimulus packages could be sufficient to meet the short-term energy investment needs to leverage a shift toward a pathway consistent with the 1.5 °C target of the Paris Agreement. Here, we provide complementary perspectives to reiterate that substantial, broad, and sustained policy efforts beyond stimulus packages will be needed for achieving the Paris Agreement long-term targets. Low-carbon investments will need to scale up and persist over the next several decades following short-term stimulus packages. The required total energy investments in the real world can be larger than the currently available estimates from integrated assessment models (IAMs). Existing databases from IAMs are not sufficient for analyzing the effect of public spending on emission reduction. To inform what role COVID-19 stimulus packages and public investments may play for reaching the Paris Agreement targets, explicit modelling of such policies is required.
Integrating attribution with adaptation for unprecedented future heatwaves
Authors: Harrington Luke J. , Ebi Kristie L. , Frame David J. , Otto Friederike E. L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCitizens in many countries are now experiencing record-smashing heatwaves that were intensified due to anthropogenic climate change. Whether today’s most impactful heatwaves could have occurred in a pre-industrial climate, traditionally a central focus of attribution research, is fast becoming an obsolete question. The next frontier for attribution science is to inform adaptation decision-making in the face of unprecedented future heat.
A Novel Decision Aid Improves Quality of Reproductive Decision-Making and Pregnancy Knowledge for Women with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Wang Grace , Karimi Neda , Willmann Laura , Pipicella Joseph , Descallar Joseph , O’Connor Katie , Peculis Luiza , Leung Yvette , Connor Susan , Huang Vivian , Williams Astrid-Jane 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with poor IBD-specific reproductive knowledge experience more childlessness and fear of IBD medications in pregnancy. The Pregnancy in IBD Decision Aid (PIDA), developed by an international multidisciplinary team, offers personalized online decision support regarding pregnancy in IBD.

Aims
Assess the impact of PIDA on quality of reproductive decision-making and pregnancy-related knowledge among preconception (PC) and pregnant patients with IBD, and evaluate acceptability to patients and clinicians.

Methods
PC and pregnant patients with IBD aged 18–45 completed questionnaires pre- and post-PIDA to assess quality of decision-making (Decisional Conflict Scale (DCS); Decision Self-Efficacy Scale (DSES) and IBD-in-pregnancy knowledge (Crohn's and Colitis Pregnancy Knowledge Score (CCPKnow)). Paired t test assessed for differences pre- and post-PIDA. Patients and clinicians completed acceptability surveys.

Results
DCS and DSES were completed by 74 patients (42 Crohn’s disease, 32 ulcerative colitis); 41 PC and 33 pregnant. DCS improved significantly post-PIDA in PC patients regarding pregnancy planning (t(40) = 4.83, p < 0.0001, Cohen’s dz = 0.75) and in pregnant patients regarding medication management (t(32) = 2.37, p = 0.0242, dz = 0.41). DSES for PC patients improved significantly post-PIDA (t(40) = -3.56, p = 0.001, dz = -0.56). CCPKnow improved significantly post-PIDA in PC (t(42) = 4.93, p < 0.0001, dz = -0.75) and pregnant patients (t(32) = 5.1, p < 0.0001, dz = -0.89). PIDA was deemed optimal for length, readability, and content amount and considered highly useful by patients (n = 73) and clinicians (n = 14).

Conclusions
Patients using PIDA developed an improved quality of reproductive decision-making and IBD-in-pregnancy knowledge. PIDA is an accessible tool that can empower women with IBD to make values-congruent, evidence-based decisions regarding pregnancy and may reduce voluntary childlessness.
An integrated curriculum of virtual/augmented reality for multiple design students
Authors: Mohamed Tarek Ismail , Sicklinger Andreas 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWith the rapid digital developments, the practice and study of VR/AR technologies reached almost all the design disciplines by considering different applications. Therefore, there is continuous pressure on design education, where course programs in graphic design, media design, fashion design, and product design must promptly incorporate these new technologies and create complete unity between the various design professions. This paper provides a careful examination of case studies in literature and consideration of utility for the profession through a curriculum of virtual and augmented reality technologies with specifications that suit multiple areas of design (product and graphic design). This approach demystifies these new technologies from the design process to product marketing. Interviews and discussions were conducted with a sample of approximately 100 participants (60% students, 30% design educators, 10% designers, and employers). The study included different universities from UAE, Egypt, and Italy. During the academic year 2020/2021. Furthermore, the results of this research were applied to design the Virtual Reality and its Derivatives course within the new study plan of the Graphic Design Department, College of Mass Communication at Ajman University in the United Arab Emirates.
Peer Aggression and Victimisation: Social Behaviour Strategies in Early Childhood in Spain
Authors: García-Fernández Cristina Mª , Romera Eva M. , Monks Claire P. , Ortega-Ruiz Rosario 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe present study aims to examine the issue of peer aggression and victimisation in early childhood, with a focus on the associated social behaviour strategies (aggressiveness, prosociality, dominance and social insecurity). A sample of 227 children (58.1% girls, n = 132) between the ages of 4 and 7 years (M = 5.61; SD = 1. 03) participated in the study. Teacher reports and peer nominations of physical and verbal aggression and victimisation were analysed. Results showed an association between aggressiveness and insecurity and being nominated as a physical and verbal aggressor by peers. Being nominated as a physical victim was associated with aggressiveness and dominance; and for verbal victim with aggressiveness and prosociality. Differences were found between boys and girls in verbal aggression and victimisation. The current study contributes to a better understanding of the emergence of peer aggression and victimisation in relation to social processes in early childhood and has implications for the prevention of the later appearance of bullying.
Developer-centric test amplification
Authors: Brandt Carolin , Zaidman Andy 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAutomatically generating test cases for software has been an active research topic for many years. While current tools can generate powerful regression or crash-reproducing test cases, these are often kept separately from the maintained test suite. In this paper, we leverage the developer’s familiarity with test cases amplified from existing, manually written developer tests. Starting from issues reported by developers in previous studies, we investigate what aspects are important to design a developer-centric test amplification approach, that provides test cases that are taken over by developers into their test suite. We conduct 16 semi-structured interviews with software developers supported by our prototypical designs of a developer-centric test amplification approach and a corresponding test exploration tool. We extend the test amplification tool DSpot, generating test cases that are easier to understand. Our IntelliJ plugin TestCube"Image missing"

empowers developers to explore amplified test cases from their familiar environment. From our interviews, we gather 52 observations that we summarize into 23 result categories and give two key recommendations on how future tool designers can make their tools better suited for developer-centric test amplification.
Q﻿uality of Teaching Practices for All Students: Multilevel Analysis of Language-Responsive Teaching for Robust Understanding
Authors: Neugebauer Philipp , Prediger Susanne 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe quality of curriculum resources and teaching practices can constrain or promote students’ opportunities for mathematics learning, in particular, students with diverse language proficiency. The video study investigates 18 classes that all used the same curriculum resources aimed at developing 367 seventh graders’ conceptual understanding of percentages to identify the interaction of quality dimensions, the enactment of given curriculum resources, and students’ mathematical achievement (when controlling for mathematical preknowledge and language proficiency). Multilevel regression analysis revealed that three quality dimensions that can easily be supported by the curriculum resources (Mathematical Richness, Cognitive Demand, and Connecting Registers) were on a high level, and their variance had no additional interaction with students’ achievement. In contrast, the 4 quality dimensions that were enacted in the teacher-student interaction with more variance (Agency, Equitable Access, Discursive Demand, and, in particular, Use of Student Contributions) had a significant additional impact on student achievement. These findings reveal important insights into the implementability of equitable instructional approaches.
Mediating Factors in Within-Person Developmental Cascades of Externalising, Internalising and ADHD Symptoms in Childhood
Authors: Speyer Lydia Gabriela , Obsuth Ingrid , Ribeaud Denis , Eisner Manuel , Luciano Michelle , Auyeung Bonnie , Murray Aja Louise 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPrevious studies have offered evidence for peer problems and academic achievement as mediators in developmental cascades from externalising to internalising problems, and from ADHD symptoms to both internalising and externalising problems. However, these mediators have not been found to fully account for these cascades, indicating that there may be additional mediators involved. This study investigated the role of harsh parenting and parental involvement alongside academic achievement and peer problems in mediating within-person developmental cascades from externalising to internalising problems and from ADHD symptoms to internalising and externalising problems using autoregressive latent trajectory models with structured residuals. Models were fit for parent- and teacher-reports on children’s psychosocial development as measured by the Social Behaviour Questionnaire (SBQ) collected over ages 7, 9, and 11 in an ethnically diverse Swiss longitudinal cohort study (z-proso; N = 1387, 51% male). Results indicated that, when appropriately disentangling within- from between-person effects, none of the considered factors acted as significant mediators in longitudinal within-person relations between ADHD, internalising and externalising problems; hence, mediating mechanisms in developmental cascades remain to be identified.
Association of the Delaware Contraceptive Access Now Initiative with Postpartum LARC Use
Authors: Caudillo Mónica L. , Hurtado-Acuna Constanza , Rendall Michael S. , Boudreaux Michel 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Although multi-component policy interventions can be important tools to increase access to contraception, we know little about how they may change contraceptive use among postpartum women. We estimate the association of the Delaware Contraceptive Access Now (DelCAN) initiative with use of postpartum Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC). DelCAN included Medicaid payment reform for immediate postpartum LARC use, provider training and technical assistance in LARC provision, and a public awareness campaign.

Methods
We used a difference-in-differences design and data from the 2012 to 2017 pregnancy risk assessment monitoring system to compare changes in postpartum LARC use in Delaware versus 15 comparison states, and differences in such changes by women’s Medicaid enrollment.

Results
Relative to the comparison states, postpartum LARC use in Delaware increased by 5.26 percentage points (95% CI 2.90–7.61, P < 0.001) during the 2015–2017 DelCAN implementation period. This increase was the largest among Medicaid-covered women, and grew over the first three implementation years. By the third year of the DelCAN initiative (2017), the relative increase in postpartum LARC use for Medicaid women exceeded that for non-Medicaid women by 7.24 percentage points (95% CI 0.12–14.37, P = 0.046).

Conclusions for Practice
The DelCAN initiative was associated with increased LARC use among postpartum women in Delaware. During the first 3 years of the initiative, LARC use increased progressively and to a greater extent among Medicaid-enrolled women. Comprehensive initiatives that combine Medicaid payment reforms, provider training, free contraceptive services, and public awareness efforts may reduce unmet demand for highly effective contraceptives in the postpartum months.
Numerical investigations of the vortex feature-based vorticity confinement models for the assessment in three-dimensional vortex-dominated flows
Authors: Fu Jinbin , Yuan Yi , Vigevano Luigi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn order to improve the vortex resolution in aerodynamic wakes, a locally normalized vortex feature-based vorticity confinement method is implemented into the multi-block, structured computational fluid dynamics solver (ROSITA). In this method, the second vorticity confinement (VC2) scheme with two well-known vortex feature detection methods (non-dimensional Q criterion, non-dimensional $$\lambda _2$$

λ
2

criterion) is employed to counterbalance the truncation error introduced by the numerical discretization of the convective term. The flow field of two benchmark three-dimensional steady vortex-dominated cases, the NACA0015 wing and the Caradonna–Tung hovering rotor, is simulated with the implemented method. The improvements in aerodynamics prediction, vorticity preservation, computational stability, and efficiency are demonstrated. From the numerical results, the vortex feature-based confinement models significantly improve the computational stability, the aerodynamic loads prediction and vorticity preservation capability, especially for the $$\lambda _2$$

λ
2

–based VC2 model. In addition, it allows the use of higher confinement parameters on a coarse grid with a relatively higher computational efficiency to obtain better results than those of a finer grid.
PET Imaging in Preclinical Anti-Aβ Drug Development
Authors: Syvänen Stina , Meier Silvio R. , Roshanbin Sahar , Xiong Mengfei , Faresjö Rebecca , Gustavsson Tobias , Bonvicini Gillian , Schlein Eva , Aguilar Ximena , Julku Ulrika , Eriksson Jonas , Sehlin Dag 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPositron emission tomography (PET), a medical imaging technique allowing for studies of the living human brain, has gained an important role in clinical trials of novel drugs against Alzheimer’s disease (AD). For example, PET data contributed to the conditional approval in 2021 ofaducanumab, an antibody directed towards amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregates, by showing a dose-dependent reduction in brain amyloid after treatment. In parallel to clinical studies, preclinical studies in animal models of Aβ pathology may also benefit from PET as a tool to detect target engagement and treatment effects of anti-Aβ drug candidates. PET is associated with a high level of translatability between species as similar, non-invasive protocols allow for longitudinal rather than cross-sectional studies and can be used both in a preclinical and clinical setting. This review focuses on the use of preclinical PET imaging in genetically modified animals that express human Aβ, and its present and potential future role in the development of drugs aimed at reducing brain Aβ levels as a therapeutic strategy to halt disease progression in AD.