bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of endothelial dysfunction with cardio‐ankle vascular index measurements in patients with erectile dysfunction
Authors: Bulbul Emre , Aydin Ercan , Yilmaz Emre 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundIt has been reported that there is a relationship between erectile dysfunction and endothelial dysfunction. However, a practical and non‐invasive method to clinically evaluate this relationship has not yet been determined. The cardio‐ankle vascular index is a marker of arteriosclerosis that develops as a result of endothelial dysfunction.ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between the cardio‐ankle vascular index and the presence and severity of erectile dysfunction.Materials/methodsThis was a case‐control study including 74 patients that presented to the urology department of our institution with erectile dysfunction (without cardiovascular risk factors) and 86 healthy individuals of similar age. The patients with erectile dysfunction and the control group were evaluated using the five‐item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF‐5). Cardio‐ankle vascular index and ankle‐brachial pressure index measurements were performed using the VaSera VS‐1000 (Fukuda‐Denshi Company, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) device.ResultsThe mean age was 59.8 ± 1.3 years for the erectile dysfunction group and 57.9 ± 1.1 years for the control group. The mean right (R)‐cardio‐ankle vascular index values of the erectile dysfunction and control groups were 9.20 ± 2.6 and 8.11 ± 1.8, respectively (p = 0.014), and their mean left (L)‐cardio‐ankle vascular index values were 9.08 ± 2.7 and 7.96 ± 1.2, respectively (p = 0.008). The mean International Index of Erectile Function score of the patients with erectile dysfunction was 10.1 ± 3.6. An inverse correlation was found between the R‐cardio‐ankle vascular index and L‐cardio‐ankle vascular index and the International Index of Erectile Function score (r = −0.411, p = 0.011, and r = −0.454, p < 0.001, respectively).Discussion and ConclusionAccording to our findings, the cardio‐ankle vascular index was higher in patients with erectile dysfunction than in healthy individuals.
Maternal beta‐blocker dose and risk of small‐for gestational‐age in women with heart disease
Authors: Sørbye Ingvil Krarup , Haualand Randi , Wiull Henriette , Letting Anne‐Sofie , Langesæter Eldrid , Estensen Mette‐Elise 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionBeta‐blockers are prescribed for many pregnant women with heart disease, but whether there is a dose‐dependent effect on fetal growth remains to be examined. We aimed to investigate if antenatal beta‐blocker use and dose were associated with delivering a small‐for‐gestational‐age infant among women with heart disease.Material and methodsOur cohort included women with heart disease who delivered at Oslo University Hospital between 2006 and 2015. Maternal heart disease was classified into modified WHO risk scores. Women with beta‐blocker treatment were dichotomized into whether they had been treated with a low or high dose based on clinical factors. We compared the risk of delivering a small‐for‐gestational‐age infant in women exposed to high doses, low doses, or with no exposure to antenatal beta‐blockers while adjusting for severity of maternal heart disease in logistic regression models.ResultsOf a total of 540 pregnancies among women with heart disease, 163 (30.2%) were exposed to beta‐blocker treatment. The majority were treated with metoprolol (86.5%). Almost twice as many babies in the beta‐blocker group were small‐for‐gestational‐age, compared with the non‐exposed group (19.8 vs 9.5%, P < 0.001). Women using a high‐dose beta‐blocker had a five‐fold increased risk of delivering a small‐for‐gestational‐age infant compared with non‐exposure (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 4.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.22–10.78, P < 0.001). Women using a low dose of beta‐blocker had a two‐fold increased risk of delivering a small‐for‐gestational‐age infant; however, the confidence interval included the null (aOR 1.75, 95% CI 0.83–3.72, P = 0.143). Results when restricting the analyses to metoprolol showed the same pattern, but with attenuation of risks.ConclusionsWe found a five‐fold increased risk of delivering a small‐for‐gestational‐age infant in women with heart disease treated with a high dose of beta‐blocker, and a two‐fold increased risk among those treated with a low dose, showing an apparent dose–response relation. Close monitoring of fetal growth is warranted among women with heart disease treated with beta‐blockers. As drug therapy in pregnancy concerns both mother and fetus, an optimum balance for both should be the goal.
Immediate skin‐to‐skin contact may have beneficial effects on the cardiorespiratory stabilisation in very preterm infants
Authors: Linnér Agnes , Lode Kolz Karoline , Klemming Stina , Bergman Nils , Lilliesköld Siri , Markhus Pike Hanne , Westrup Björn , Rettedal Siren , Jonas Wibke 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimOur aim was to investigate what effect immediate skin‐to‐skin contact with a parent had on the cardiorespiratory stabilisation of very preterm infants.MethodsThis randomised clinical trial was conducted during 2018–2021 at two university hospitals with three neonatal intensive care units in Norway and Sweden. Infants born from 28+0 to 32+6 weeks of gestation were randomised to immediate skin‐to‐skin contact with a parent for the first six postnatal hours or standard incubator care. The outcome was a composite cardiorespiratory stability score, based on serial measures of heart and respiratory rate, respiratory support, fraction of inspired oxygen and oxygen saturation.ResultsWe recruited 91 newborn infants with a mean gestational age of 31+1 (range 28+4–32+6) weeks and mean birth weight of 1534 (range 555–2440) g: 46 received immediate skin‐to‐skin contact and 45 received incubator care. The group who received skin‐to‐skin contact had an adjusted mean score of 0.52 higher (95% confidence interval 0.38–0.67, p < 0.001) on a scale from zero to six when compared to the control group.ConclusionImmediate skin‐to‐skin contact for the first six postnatal hours had beneficial effects on the cardiorespiratory stabilisation of very preterm infants.
Changes in the network structure of mental health after a multicomponent positive psychology intervention in adolescents: A moderated network analysis
Authors: Tejada‐Gallardo Claudia , Blasco‐Belled Ana , Alsinet Carles 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe effectiveness of multicomponent positive psychology interventions (MPPIs) on adolescents' mental health has been studied with the use of standard procedures throughout the scientific literature. However, little is known about the potential mechanisms underlying the network structure of mental health following the dual‐factor model after an MPPI. We relied on network analysis to explore the reorganization of the connections between mental health indicators after a school‐based MPPI. Adolescents from two high schools in Spain were randomly allocated to the 6‐week intervention group (n = 85) or to the control group (n = 135). Network analysis showed that the relations between the two differentiated network dimensions of mental health (i.e. well‐being and psychological distress) changed after the intervention. Unlike control participants, emotional well‐being was negatively associated with depression and stress, while psychological well‐being was positively related to stress after the intervention. The present study supports the viability of the network approach in analyzing the connections between mental health indicators as defined by the dual‐factor model and the contribution of MPPIs to change the complex pattern of relations between the dimensions of well‐being and psychological distress.
Lead isotope analysis of Meroitic period glass from Nubia with LA‐MC‐ICP‐MS
Authors: Spedding Juliet V 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAnalytical studies of glass found at sites in Nubia (ancient Sudan) have shown the variety of glass present during ancient times. This study examines Meroitic period (c.350 bce–350 ce) glass from Nubia: here categorized as low‐lead and high‐lead. The lead (Pb) isotopes of 13 of the high‐lead sealing‐wax red and low‐lead translucent blue, translucent blue/green, colourless and red samples from the sites of Faras, Gabati and Meroe are examined by laser ablation multi‐collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA‐MC‐ICP‐MS) analysis to suggest an Eastern Mediterranean source for the lead due to their overlap with Egyptian and Levantine vitreous and non‐vitreous objects and five Turkish and Greek ore sources.
An examination of Recuay kaolin pottery production and exchange through petrography and LA‐ICP‐MS (100–700 CE; Ancash, Peru)
Authors: Grávalos M. Elizabeth , Bria Rebecca E. , Lau George F. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article examines the production and exchange of kaolin ceramics among Recuay communities in highland Ancash, Peru (ca. 100–700 ce). We draw upon geochemical (laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry; LA‐ICP‐MS) and petrographic data to investigate raw material use, provenance, and intraregional trade. We present data on 115 decorated and plain ceramics sampled from nine archaeological sites, which we compare with data on raw kaolin clays. The results indicate a complex network of production and exchange, which included: (1) local production near almost all sites; (2) the limited exchange of ceramic vessels; and (3) the possible distribution of kaolin clay from at least two sources.
Chemotherapy after PD‐1 inhibitors in relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma: Outcomes and clonal evolution dynamics
Authors: Calabretta Eleonora , Guidetti Anna , Ricci Francesca , Di Trani Martina , Monfrini Chiara , Magagnoli Massimo , Bramanti Stefania , Maspero Davide , Morello Lucia , Merli Michele , Di Rocco Alice , Graudenzi Alex , Derenzini Enrico , Antoniotti Marco , Rossi Davide , Corradini Paolo , Santoro Armando , Carlo‐Stella Carmelo 
Published: April 2022

SummaryCheckpoint inhibitors (CPIs) are routinely employed in relapsed/refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Nonetheless, persistent long‐term responses are uncommon, and one‐third of patients are refractory. Several reports have suggested that treatment with CPIs may re‐sensitize patients to chemotherapy, however there is no consensus on the optimal chemotherapy regimen and subsequent consolidation strategy. In this retrospective study we analysed the response to rechallenge with chemotherapy after CPI failure. Furthermore, we exploratively characterized the clonal evolution profile of a small sample of patients (n = 5) by employing the CALDER approach. Among the 28 patients included in the study, 17 (71%) were primary refractory and 26 (92%) were refractory to the last chemotherapy prior to CPIs. Following rechallenge with chemotherapy, response was recorded in 23 (82%) patients experiencing complete remission and 3 (11%) patients experiencing partial remission. The tumour evolution of the patients inferred by CALDER seemingly occurred prior to the first cycle of therapy and was characterized either by linear or branching evolution patterns. Twenty‐five patients proceeded to allogeneic stem cell transplantation. At a median follow‐up of 21 months, median PFS and OS were not reached. In conclusion, patients who fail CPIs can be effectively rescued by salvage chemotherapy and bridged to allo‐SCT/auto‐SCT.
Suppression of MYC by PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway inhibition in combination with all‐trans retinoic acid treatment for therapeutic gain in acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Stengel Sven , Petrie Kevin R. , Sbirkov Yordan , Stanko Clara , Ghazvini Zadegan Faezeh , Gil Veronica , Skopek Rafał , Kamiński Paweł , Szymański Łukasz , Brioli Annamaria , Zelent Arthur , Schenk Tino 
Published: April 2022

SummaryAberrant activity of the phosphatidylinositol‐3 kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR [PAM]) pathway, as well as suppressed retinoic acid signalling, contribute to enhanced proliferation and the differentiation blockade of immature myeloid cells in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Inhibition of the PAM pathway was shown to affect especially mixed‐lineage leukaemia‐rearranged AML. Here, we sought to test a combined strategy using small molecule inhibitors against members of the PAM signalling pathway in conjunction with all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA) to target a larger group of different AML subtypes. We find that ATRA treatment in combination with inhibition of PI3K (ZSTK474), mTOR (WYE132) or PI3K/mTOR (BEZ235, dactolisib) drastically reduces protein levels of the proto‐oncogene MYC. In combination with BEZ235, ATRA treatment led to almost complete eradication of cellular MYC, G1 arrest, loss of clonal capacity and terminal granulocytic differentiation. We demonstrate that PAM inhibitor/ATRA treatment targets MYC via independent mechanisms. While inhibition of the PAM pathway causes MYC phosphorylation at threonine 58 via glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta and subsequent degradation, ATRA reduces its expression. Here, we present an approach using a combination of known drugs to synergistically reduce aberrant MYC levels, thereby effectively blocking proliferation and enabling differentiation in various AML subtypes.
Outcomes of relapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma and influence of chimaeric antigen receptor T trial eligibility criteria in second line—A population‐based study of 736 patients
Authors: Harrysson Sara , Eloranta Sandra , Ekberg Sara , Enblad Gunilla , El‐Galaly Tarec C. , Sander Birgitta , Sonnevi Kristina , Andersson Per‐Ola , Jerkeman Mats , Smedby Karin E. 
Published: April 2022

SummarySeveral recently published trials investigate novel therapies for relapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (R/R DLBCL). To estimate the benefit of these therapies in the real‐world setting, comprehensive data on patients treated in clinical routine are needed. We report outcomes for 736 R/R DLBCL patients identified among all curatively treated DLBCL patients in Sweden in the period 2007–2014. Survival and associations with disease characteristics, second‐line treatment and fulfilment of chimaeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cell trial criteria were assessed. Median overall survival (OS) was 6.6 months (≤70 years 9.6 months, >70 years 4.9 months). Early relapse (≤12 months) was strongly associated with selection of less intensive treatment and poor survival. Among patients of at most 70 years of age, 63% started intensive second‐line treatment and 34% received autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Two‐year OS among transplanted patients was 56% (early relapse ≤12 months 40%, late relapse >12 months 66%). A minority of patients 76 years (n = 178/506, 35%) fitted CAR T trial criteria. Median progression‐free survival (PFS) for patients with early relapse fitting trial criteria was 4.8 months. In conclusion, most R/R DLBCL manifest early and are often ineligible for or cannot complete intensive regimens resulting in dismal survival. Real‐world patients eligible for CAR T trials also did poorly, providing a benchmark for efficacy of novel therapies.
“This kid looks like he has everything”: 3‐ to 11‐year‐old children’s concerns for fairness and social preferences when peers differ in social class and race
Authors: Elenbaas Laura , Luken Raz Katherine , Ackerman Amanda , Kneeskern Ellen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study investigated 3‐ to 11‐year‐old US children's (N = 348) perceptions of access to resources, social group preferences, and resource distribution decisions and reasoning when hypothetical peers differed in social class (poor or rich) and race (Black or White). Data were collected in 2019. The sample reflected the region where data were collected in terms of gender (44% girls, 30% boys, 1% another identity) and race and ethnicity (46% White, 10% multiracial or multiethnic, 9% Black, 5% Latinx, 2% Asian, 3% another identity), and parents reported a higher average level of education than the regional average. Results revealed both marked age differences in children's perceptions, preferences, decisions, and reasoning and specific combinations of peer group memberships that were especially likely to receive preferential treatment. With age, children perceived that rich peers had greater access to resources than poor peers, but when both peers were poor, White peers were perceived to have more resources than Black peers. Social group preferences changed with age, from mixed social class and racial group preferences, to preferences for rich peers, to dislike for rich peers. Resource allocation decisions and reasoning reflected both social group and fairness concerns: young children distributed more to White peers especially if they were also rich, participants in middle childhood explicitly favored rich peers regardless of their race, and older children distributed more to poor peers and reasoned about either moral concerns for equity or social class stereotypes. Thus, overall, younger children's responses often reflected broader economic and racial inequalities while older children often sought to create more equity, though not always for moral reasons.
Early removal of drains and lines after liver transplantation to reduce the length of hospital stay and enhance recovery – A systematic review of the literature and expert panel recommendations
Authors: Goldaracena Nicolas , Bhangui Prashant , Yoon Young‐In , Vargas Paola A. , Spiro Michael , Raptis Dimitri Aristotle , Tokat Yaman ,   the ERAS4OLT.ork Working Group
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe timing of removing abdominal drains, central venous catheters (CVC), and urinary catheters (UC) on post liver transplantation (LT) outcomes is not well elucidated.ObjectivesTo provide international expert panel recommendations and guidelines on time of drain and catheter removal as a part of an ERAS protocol to reduce the length of hospital stay and enhance recovery.MethodsSystematic review following PRISMA guidelines and recommendations using the GRADE approach derived from an international expert panel. Papers considered were those reporting one or more outcomes of interest related to drainage and line removal in the setting of LT. POSPERO Protocol ID: CRD42021238349ResultsOn analyzing five relevant studies pertaining to drains in patients undergoing LT (four retrospectives and one prospective), the length of hospital and/or ICU stay was similar or shorter, and postoperative morbidity and mortality were lower in those without drains. No studies pertaining specifically to the time of removal of drains, CVC's, or UC's in LT were found. Studies in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery or hepatectomies recommend early removal of CVC and UC to reduce catheter‐associated infections.ConclusionsBased more on expert recommendation, we propose that abdominal drains, if placed during LT, should be removed by postoperative day 5 after LT, based on quantity and fluid characteristics (Quality of Evidence; Low to Moderate | Grade of Recommendation; Strong). Larger studies are needed to more reliably determine indications for early drain and line removal in an ERAS protocol setting.
Welfare gains in the Armington, Krugman and Melitz models: Comparisons grounded on gravity
Authors: Balistreri Edward J. , Tarr David G. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractUnder a wide range of model features, we show that in response to a reduction in global trade costs, the global welfare gains are largest in the Melitz model, followed by the Krugman model, and smallest in Armington. Labor‐leisure choice and intermediate goods are the most important features for differentiating results. We show that the optimal tariff is significantly lower in the monopolistic competition models, thereby moving policy away from protectionism. We are the first to consider multi‐sector comparative‐static welfare impacts of these market structures, while maintaining equal trade responses across the models consistent with a shared structural‐gravity elasticity.
Genomic selection applications can improve the environmental performance of aquatics: A case study on the heat tolerance of abalone
Authors: Liu Junyu , Peng Wenzhu , Yu Feng , Shen Yawei , Yu Wenchao , Lu Yisha , Lin Weihong , Zhou Muzhi , Huang Zekun , Luo Xuan , You Weiwei , Ke Caihuan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAquaculture is one of the world's fastest‐growing and most traded food industries, but it is under the threat of climate‐related risks represented by global warming, marine heatwave (MHW) events, ocean acidification, and deoxygenation. For the sustainable development of aquaculture, selective breeding may be a viable method to obtain aquatic economic species with greater tolerance to environmental stressors. In this study, we estimated the heritability of heat tolerance trait of Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai, performed genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) analysis for heat tolerance to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and candidate genes, and assessed the potential of genomic selection (GS) in the breeding of abalone industry. A total of 1120 individuals were phenotyped for their heat tolerance and genotyped with 64,788 quality‐controlled SNPs. The heritability of heat tolerance was moderate (0.35–0.42) and the predictive accuracy estimated using BayesB (0.55 ± 0.05) was higher than that using GBLUP (0.40 ± 0.01). A total of 11 genome‐wide significant SNPs and 2 suggestive SNPs were associated with heat tolerance of abalone, and 13 candidate genes were identified, including got2,znfx1,l(2)efl, and lrp5. Based on GWAS results, the prediction accuracy using the top 5K SNPs was higher than that using randomly selected SNPs and higher than that using all SNPs. These results suggest that GS is an efficient approach for improving the heat tolerance of abalone and pave the way for abalone selecting breeding programs in rapidly changing oceans.
‘Destructive fishing’—A ubiquitously used but vague term? Usage and impacts across academic research, media and policy
Authors: Willer David F. , Brian Joshua I. , Derrick Christina J. , Hicks Marcus , Pacay Alerick , McCarthy Arlie H. , Benbow Sophie , Brooks Holly , Hazin Carolina , Mukherjee Nibedita , McOwen Chris J. , Walker Jessica , Steadman Daniel 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe term ‘destructive fishing’ appears in multiple international policy instruments intended to improve outcomes for marine biodiversity, coastal communities and sustainable fisheries. However, the meaning of ‘destructive fishing’ is often vague, limiting effectiveness in policy. Therefore, in this study, we systematically reviewed the use of ‘destructive fishing’ in three record types: academic literature, media articles and policy documents between 1976 and 2020. A more detailed analysis was performed on subsets of these records, considering the extent to which the term is characterised, geographic distribution of use, and specific impacts and practices associated with the term. We found that use of ‘destructive fishing’ relative to the generic term ‘fisheries’ has increased since the 1990s. Records focussed predominantly on fishing practices in South‐eastern Asia, followed by Southern Asia and Europe. The term was characterised in detail in only 15% of records. Habitat damage and blast/poison fishing were the most associated ecological impacts and gear/practices, respectively. Bottom trawling and unspecified net fishing were regularly linked to destructive fishing. Importantly, the three record types use the term differently. Academic literature tends to specifically articulate the negative impacts, while media articles focus generally on associated gears/practices. Significant regional variation also exists in how the term is used and what phenomena it is applied to. This study provides evidence and recommendations to inform stakeholders in any future pursuit of a unified definition of ‘destructive fishing’ to support more meaningful implementation of global sustainability goals.