bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Apoptotic Body‐based Vehicle with Navigation for Photothermal‐Immunotherapy by Precise Delivery and Tumor Microenvironment Regulation
Authors: Sheng Shupei , Yu Xuya , Xing Guozheng , Jin Limin , Zhang Yan , Zhu Dunwan , Dong Xia , Mei Lin , Lv Feng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTumor precision therapy and preventing tumor recurrence and metastasis are the main challenges to tumor eradication. Herein, an apoptotic body‐based vehicle with imaging navigation is developed for precise tumor delivery and photothermal‐immunotherapy by IR820‐conjugated apoptotic body loaded with R848 nanoparticles. The apoptotic body serves as ammunition stores as well as vehicle drive engines, while IR820 acts as a fluorescence imaging navigation and photothermal controlling system. The apoptotic body vehicle can deliver the ammunition to tumor and achieve deep penetration by macrophage‐hitchhiking. Fluorescence imaging navigation opens a control window for photothermal treatment, followed by photothermal triggering of in situ vaccine formation. Further, CD47 antibody loaded hydrogel strengthens innate and adaptive immunity, simultaneously the polarization of macrophages regulates the immunosuppressive microenvironment to further promote the combined antitumor immunotherapy. With breast tumor (4T1)‐bearing mice model, the apoptotic body vehicle performs excellent therapeutic efficacy for primary tumor, distant tumor, tumor metastasis, and recurrence prevention.
Exploring the Ni 3d Orbital Unpaired Electrons Induced Polarization Loss Based on Ni Single‐Atoms Model Absorber
Authors: Liang Hongsheng , Chen Geng , Liu Dong , Li Zijing , Hui Shengchong , Yun Jijun , Zhang Limin , Wu Hongjing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSingle‐atoms (SAs) strategies have been proved to be effective in modulating electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption, however, the establishment of a definitive relationship between metal SAs electronic configurations and physical loss mechanisms has been still absent, especially on the atomic scale. Herein, stable Ni‐SAsx/N‐doped carbon (NC) absorbers are fabricated with the strategy of ligand polymerization. The morphology, composition, electrical conductivity, defects, and electronic interactions of the material can be well tailored by Ni species modulation engineering. Theoretical and experimental results show that the atomically dispersed individual Ni atoms contribute to enhanced EMW absorption performance through excess Ni 3d orbital unpaired electron induced polarization loss. Benefiting from it, Ni‐SAs3/NC with the highest Ni SAy‐Nx (y > 1, x > 1) polar/defect centers exhibit excellent EMW absorption with an effective absorption bandwidth of 7.08 GHz at a matched thickness of 2.50 mm. Radar cross‐section simulations further demonstrate its potential for practical application as EMW absorber. This study reveals the continuous evolution of microscopic electromagnetic loss mechanism (i.e., conduction loss→ unique polarization loss→ conduction loss) for the first time, which provides insight into the deep design of absorbers from atom‐scale view.
Engineered Phage with Aggregation‐Induced Emission Photosensitizer in Cocktail Therapy against Sepsis
Authors: Wu Ming‐Yu , Chen Luojia , Chen Qingrong , Hu Rui , Xu Xiaoyu , Wang Yifei , Li Jie , Feng Shun , Dong Changjiang , Zhang Xiao‐Lian , Li Zhiqiang , Wang Lianrong , Chen Shi , Gu Meijia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSepsis, a widely recognized disease, is characterized by multiple pathogen infections. Therefore, it is imperative to develop methods that can efficiently identify and neutralize pathogen species. Phage cocktail therapy utilizes the host specificity of phages to adapt to infect resistant bacteria. However, its low sterilization stability efficiency and lack of imaging units seriously restrict its application. Here, a novel strategy combining the aggregation‐induced emission photosensitizer (AIE‐PS) TBTCP‐PMB with phages through a nucleophilic substitution reaction between benzyl bromide and sulfhydryl groups to remove pathogenic bacteria for sepsis treatment is proposed. This strategy retains the phage's host specificity while possessing AIE‐PS characteristics with a fluorescence imaging function and reactive oxygen species (ROS) for detecting and sterilizing bacteria. This synergetic strategy combining phage cocktail therapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) shows a strong “1 + 1 > 2” bactericidal efficacy and superior performance in sepsis mouse models with good biocompatibility. Furthermore, the strategy can quickly diagnose blood infections of clinical blood samples. This simple and accurate strategy provides a promising therapeutic platform for rapid pathogen detection and point‐of‐care diagnosis. Moreover, it presents a new method for expanding the library of antibacterial drugs to develop new strain identification and improve infectious disease treatment, thereby demonstrating strong translational potential.
Gold Nanoparticle Enabled Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance on Unique Gold Nanomushroom Structures for On‐Chip CRISPR‐Cas13a Sensing
Authors: Waitkus Jacob , Chang Yu , Liu Li , Puttaswamy Srinivasu Valagerahally , Chung Taerin , Molina Vargas Adrian M. , Dollery Stephen J. , O'Connell Mitchell R. , Cai Haogang , Tobin Gregory J. , Bhalla Nikhil , Du Ke 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA novel localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) system based on the coupling of gold nanomushrooms (AuNMs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is developed to enable a significant plasmonic resonant shift. The AuNP size, surface chemistry, and concentration are characterized to maximize the LSPR effect. A 31 nm redshift is achieved when the AuNMs are saturated by the AuNPs. This giant redshift also increases the full width of the spectrum and is explained by the 3D finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) calculation. In addition, this LSPR substrate is packaged in a microfluidic cell and integrated with a CRISPR‐Cas13a RNA detection assay for the detection of the SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA targets. Once activated by the target, the AuNPs are cleaved from linker probes and randomly deposited on the AuNM substrate, demonstrating a large redshift. The novel LSPR chip using AuNP as an indicator is simple, specific, isothermal, and label‐free; and thus, provides a new opportunity to achieve the next generation multiplexing and sensitive molecular diagnostic system.
Deterministic Thermal Sculpting of Large‐Scale 2D Semiconductor Nanocircuits
Authors: Giordano Maria Caterina , Zambito Giorgio , Gardella Matteo , Buatier de Mongeot Francesco 
Published: November 2022

Abstract2D transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductor (TMDs) nanocircuits are deterministically engineered over large‐scale substrates. This original additive nanolithography approach combines large‐area physical growth of 2D TMDs layer with high resolution thermal‐scanning probe lithography, to reshape the ultra‐thin semiconducting layers at the nanoscale level. The additive nanofabrication of few‐layer MoS2 nanostructures of controlled thickness, grown in the 2H‐semiconducting phase, is demonstrated as shown by their Raman vibrational fingerprints and by their optoelectronic response. The electronic signatures of the MoS2 nanostructures are locally identified by Kelvin probe force microscopy providing chemical and compositional contrast at the nanometer scale. Finally, the potential role of the 2D TMDs nanocircuits as building blocks of deterministic 2D semiconducting interconnections is demonstrated by high‐resolution local conductivity maps showing the competitive transport properties of these large‐area nanolayers. This work thus provides a powerful approach to scalable nanofabrication of 2D nano‐interconnects and van der Waals heterostructures, and to their integration in real‐world ultra‐compact electronic and photonic nanodevices.
Enhanced Perovskite Solar Cell Stability and Efficiency via Multi‐Functional Quaternary Ammonium Bromide Passivation
Authors: Niu Yunjuan , He Dingchao , Zhang Xianxi , Hu Linhua , Huang Yang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Achilles heel of the perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is the long‐term stability under working condition which restricts the commercialization. There are many causes for the poor stability including intrinsic defects in perovskite and humidity‐induced degradation. This work systematically investigates the synergistic working mechanism of defect passivation and humidity erosion protection on organic‐inorganic metal‐halide perovskite with benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide (BDDAB). The functionalized parts of halogen anions (Br−) can simultaneously passivate defects and improve the resistance of the humidity erosion by repairing [PbI6]4− octahedron defects as well as providing hydrophobicity. Moreover, the benzene ring in BDDAB tends to form π–π stacking with the benzene ring in the hole transport layer, which increases the intermolecular interaction. Thus, the highest efficiency of 22.08% is obtained by BDDAB‐modified PSCs, and 93.29% initial efficiency is retained after aging for 500 h at 80% relative humidity.
Quantitative Mid‐Infrared Plasmonic Biosensing on Scalable Graphene Nanostructures
Authors: Bareza Nestor Jr. , Wajs Ewelina , Paulillo Bruno , Tullila Antti , Jaatinen Hannakaisa , Milani Roberto , Dore Camilla , Mihi Agustin , Nevanen Tarja K. , Pruneri Valerio 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGraphene nanostructures, exhibiting tunable and nanoscale‐confined mid‐infrared (mid‐IR) plasmons, prevail as a powerful spectroscopic platform for novel surface‐enhanced molecular identification. Particularly, graphene shows exciting opportunities for biosensing applications due to its versatile functionalization methods with different biomolecular building blocks (e.g., enzymes, proteins, and DNA). Here, a quantitative bioassay based on the mid‐IR localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) modulation in functionalized graphene nanostructures is demonstrated. Specifically, vitamin B12 (vB12) using the specific recognition elements on modified graphene nanoribbons (i.e., pyrene linkers via π − π stacking + anti‐vB12 antibody fragments via amide bond) is detected. Different concentrations of vB12 spotted on an arrayed panel of a single chip are quantified by the graphene LSPR shifts, where a limit of detection (LOD) of 53.5 ng mL−1 is obtained. The upscaling potential of the bioassay using large area nanostructured graphene films produced by nanoimprinting 2D hole arrays is illustrated. The integration of quantitative bioassay with scalable graphene nanostructures shows promising routes of graphene‐based mid‐IR platforms toward prospective industrial applications.
Near‐Unity Superradiant Emission from Delocalized Frenkel Excitons in a Two‐Dimensional Supramolecular Assembly
Authors: Barotov Ulugbek , Thanippuli Arachchi Dimuthu H. , Klein Megan D. , Zhang Juanye , Šverko Tara , Bawendi Moungi G. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThree general effective strategies are shown to mitigate nonradiative losses in the superradiant emission from supramolecular assemblies. J‐aggregates of 5,5′,6,6′‐tetrachloro‐1,1′‐diethyl‐3,3′‐di(4–sulfobutyl)‐benzimidazolocarbocyanine (TDBC) are used to elucidate the nature of nonradiative processes. Self‐annealing at room temperature (RT), photo‐brightening, and purification of the dye monomers are shown to all lead to substantial increases in emission quantum yields (QYs) and a concomitant lengthening of the emission lifetime, with purification having the largest effect. Structural and optical measurements are used to support a microscopic model that emphasizes the deleterious effects of a small number of impurity and defect sites that serve as nonradiative recombination centers. This understanding has yielded a molecular fluorophore in solution at RT with an unprecedented combination of fast emissive lifetime and high QY. Superradiant emission with a QY of 82% and a lifetime of 174 ps is obtained from J‐aggregates of TDBC in solution at RT. This combination of high QY and fast lifetime at RT makes supramolecular assemblies of purified TDBC a model system for the study of fundamental superradiance phenomena. High QY J‐aggregates are uniquely suited for the development of applications that require high speed and high brightness fluorophores such as devices for high‐speed optical communication.
Observation of Vortex Hall Effect in Double Negative Index Materials
Authors: Duan Qilin , Yin Yuhang , Han Linkang , Zhu Shan , Zhou Yangyang , Chen Haojie , Chen Huanyang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOptical orbital angular momentum (OAM) Hall effect requires the interaction between different angular momenta, which hosts great potential in the manipulation of light. Dozens of studies have revealed that this interaction depends on the materials that the waves pass through. Negative refraction has given rise to many exceptional phenomena in the past decades, which greatly inspires us to investigate the interaction between OAM and double negative index materials (DNMs). It is demonstrated that in‐plane optical vortex waves can exhibit transverse shift through DNM, and such a phenomenon is also called vortex Hall effect. From numerical calculations, a linear relationship is observed between the transverse shift and the topological charge l for a fixed wavelength. The transverse shift originates from the transition of the caustics of the vortex source through DNM. The general theory reported in this work can be applied in more than electromagnetic (EM) systems. Acoustic experiment is performed to support the proposed theory due to the equivalence between acoustic and EM systems. The vortex Hall effect is then observed experimentally utilizing acoustic space‐coiling metamaterials, which can be effectively regarded as DNM. This phenomenon will help to understand the superoscillations of the vortex source, as well as bring significant applications in on‐chip signal de‐multiplexing.
Mixed 3D–2D Perovskite Flexible Films for the Direct Detection of 5 MeV Protons
Authors: Basiricò Laura , Fratelli Ilaria , Verdi Matteo , Ciavatti Andrea , Barba Luisa , Cesarini Olivia , Bais Giorgio , Polentarutti Maurizio , Chiari Massimo , Fraboni Beatrice 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study reports on a novel, flexible, proton beam detector based on mixed 3D–2D perovskite films deposited by solution onto thin plastic foils. The 3D–2D mixture allows to obtain micrometer‐thick and highly uniform films that constitute the detector's active layer. The devices demonstrate excellent flexibility with stable electric transport properties down to a bending radius of 3.1 mm. The detector is characterized under a 5 MeV proton beam with fluxes in the range [4.5 × 105 – 1.4 × 109] H+ cm−2 s−1, exhibiting a stable response to repetitive irradiation cycles with sensitivity up to (290 ± 40) nC Gy−1mm−3 and a limit of detection down to (72±2) µGy s−1. The detector radiation tolerance is also assessed up to a total of 1.7 × 1012 protons impinging on the beam spot area, with a maximum variation of the detector's response of 14%.
Retention Secured Nonlinear and Self‐Rectifying Analog Charge Trap Memristor for Energy‐Efficient Neuromorphic Hardware
Authors: Kim Geunyoung , Son Seoil , Song Hanchan , Jeon Jae Bum , Lee Jiyun , Cheong Woon Hyung , Choi Shinhyun , Kim Kyung Min 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA memristive crossbar array (MCA) is an ideal platform for emerging memory and neuromorphic hardware due to its high bitwise density capability. A charge trap memristor (CTM) is an attractive candidate for the memristor cell of the MCA, because the embodied rectifying characteristic frees it from the sneak current issue. Although the potential of the CTM devices has been suggested, their practical viability needs to be further proved. Here, a Pt/Ta2O5/Nb2O5‐x/Al2O3‐y/Ti CTM stack exhibiting high retention and array‐level uniformity is proposed, allowing a highly reliable selector‐less MCA. It shows high self‐rectifying and nonlinear current‐voltage characteristics below 1 µA of programming current with a continuous analog switching behavior. Also, its retention is longer than 105 s at 150 °C, suggesting the device is highly stable for non‐volatile analog applications. A plausible band diagram model is proposed based on the electronic spectroscopy results and conduction mechanism analysis. The self‐rectifying and nonlinear characteristics allow reducing the on‐chip training energy consumption by 71% for the MNIST dataset training task with an optimized programming scheme.
On the Practical Applicability of the Li Metal‐Based Thermal Evaporation Prelithiation Technique on Si Anodes for Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Adhitama Egy , Bela Marlena M. , Demelash Feleke , Stan Marian C. , Winter Martin , Gomez‐Martin Aurora , Placke Tobias 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLithium ion batteries (LIBs) using silicon as anode material are endowed with much higher energy density than state‐of‐the‐art graphite‐based LIBs. However, challenges of volume expansion and related dynamic surfaces lead to continuous (re‐)formation of the solid electrolyte interphase, active lithium losses, and rapid capacity fading. Cell failure can be further accelerated when Si is paired with high‐capacity, but also rather reactive Ni‐rich cathodes, such as LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2(NCM‐811). Here, the practical applicability of thermal evaporation of Li metal is evaluated as a prelithiation technique on micrometer‐sized Si (µ‐Si) electrodes in addressing such challenges. NCM‐811 || “prelithiated µ‐Si” full‐cells (25% degree of prelithiation) can attain a higher initial discharge capacity of ≈192 mAh gNCM‐811−1than the cells without prelithiation with only ≈160 mAh gNCM‐811−1. This study deeply discusses significant consequences of electrode capacity balancing (N:P ratio) with regard to prelithiation on the performance of full‐cells. The trade‐off between cell lifetime and energy density is also highlighted. It is essential to point out that the phenomena discussed here can further guide the direction of research in using the thermal evaporation of Li metal as a prelithiation technique toward its practical application on Si‐based LIBs.
Effect of liquid bridge evolution on the droplet non‐coalescence under a DC electric field
Authors: Huang Xin , Lu Yijia , Li Wanrui , Luo Xiaoming , Li Weidong , Li Jiaqing , Yin Pengbo , Teng Lin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe droplet non‐coalescence characteristics and mechanism under a DC electric field are investigated by comprehensively using high‐speed microscopic experiments, molecular dynamics simulations, and interface dynamics simulations. The researches show whether two droplets coalesce or not depends on the evolution of liquid bridge. The liquid bridge evolution is not only dominated by the electric force FE and the capillary force Fi, but also slowed down by the viscous force. The relative strength of FE and capillary force Fi relies on the electric capillary number Ca and the maximum liquid bridge radius R*max. The droplet non‐coalescence is more likely to happen as the Ca increases or the R*max decreases. Furthermore, the critical value Cac for droplet non‐coalescence reduces as the R*max decreases. The ion transportation causes uneven distribution of ions and thus strengthens the FE, resulting in the non‐coalescence. These results provide significant guidance for efficient demulsification of water‐in‐oil emulsion.
Internalization of the model minority myth and sociodemographic factors shaping Asians/Asian Americans' experiences of discrimination during COVID‐19
Authors: Yi Jacqueline , La Raymond , Lee B. Andi , Saw Anne 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDespite appearing positive, the model minority myth (MMM), or the perception that Asian Americans are “problem‐free” minorities, maintains unfair racial hierarchies and discredits the pervasiveness of systemic racism faced by Asian Americans and other Black, Indigenous, and people of Color. This study investigated the role of internalized MMM in Asian/Asian Americans' (A/AA) experiences during the syndemic of COVID‐19 and our society's racial reckoning. Using a mixed methods approach, we analyzed A/AA college students' open‐ended responses to a query about their experiences as A/AA during COVID‐19, which resulted in qualitative themes of Personal and Vicarious Discrimination, Vigilance, Safety due to Ethnicity, Safety due to Environment, and No Difference during COVID‐19. We then conducted a series of logistic and linear regression models to examine how internalized MMM and sociodemographic factors (i.e., ethnic group, gender, and generational status) were associated with qualitative themes and quantitative measures of COVID‐related discrimination. Overall, findings demonstrated that greater internalized MMM, as well as identifying as South Asian, male, and an international/first‐generation immigrant student, were linked to fewer qualitative and quantitative reports of vicarious discrimination. We conclude with implications for research and practice in community psychology that further examine the racialized experiences among A/AA college students and ultimately seek to challenge the MMM and racial hierarchies perpetuating systems of oppression.
Metallfreie intermolekulare C‐H‐Borylierung von N‐Heterocyclen an B‐B‐Mehrfachbindungen
Authors: Brückner Tobias , Ritschel Benedikt , Jiménez‐Halla J. Oscar C. , Fantuzzi Felipe , Duwe Dario , Markl Christian , Dewhurst Rian D. , Dietz Maximilian , Braunschweig Holger 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCarbenstabilisierte Diborine der Form LBBL (L=N‐heterocyclisches Carben (NHC) oder cyclisches Alkyl(amino)carben (CAAC)) induzieren bei Raumtemperatur eine schnelle, ertragreiche, intermolekulare ortho‐C‐H‐Borylierung an N‐Heterocyclen. Ein einfaches Pyridyldiboren wird gebildet, wenn ein NHC‐stabilisiertes Diborin mit Pyridin kombiniert wird, während ein CAAC‐stabilisiertes Diborin zur Aktivierung von zwei Pyridinmolekülen führt, um ein tricyclisches Alkylidenboran zu bilden, das durch Erhitzen zu einem zwitterionischen, zweifach benzokondensierten 1,3,2,5‐Diazadiborinin mittels einer weiteren H‐Verschiebung umgelagert werden kann. Die Verwendung des verlängerten N‐heteroaromatischen Chinolins führt unter milden Bedingungen über einen bisher unbekannten Bor‐Kohlenstoff‐Austauschprozess zu einem Borylmethylenboran.
Innovative elektrochemische Strategien für die Wasserstoffproduktion: Von der Stromspeicherung bis zur Stromerzeugung
Authors: Yan Dafeng , Mebrahtu Chalachew , Wang Shuangyin , Palkovits Regina 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDie erneuerbare H2‐Produktion durch Wasserelektrolyse hat aufgrund ihrer zahlreichen Vorteile viel Aufmerksamkeit auf sich gezogen. Der Energieverbrauch der herkömmlichen Wasserelektrolyse ist jedoch hoch und wird hauptsächlich durch die kinetisch träge anodische Sauerstoffentwicklungsreaktion bestimmt. Ein alternativer Ansatz ist die Kopplung verschiedener Halbzellenreaktionen und die Verwendung von Redox‐Mediatoren. In diesem Übersichtsartikel fassen wir daher die neuesten Erkenntnisse über innovative elektrochemische Strategien zur H2‐Produktion zusammen. Zunächst gehen wir auf die bei der Wasserspaltung verwendeten Redox‐Mediatoren ein, einschließlich löslicher und unlöslicher Spezies, sowie auf die entsprechenden Zellkonzepte. Zweitens erörtern wir alternative anodische Reaktionen mit organischen und anorganischen chemischen Umwandlungen. Dann wird die elektrochemische H2‐Produktion sowohl an der Kathode als auch an der Anode und sogar die H2‐Produktion unter Stromerzeugung vorgestellt. Abschließend werden die bestehenden Herausforderungen und Möglichkeiten für die künftige Entwicklung dieses Forschungsgebiets hervorgehoben.