bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perilaku Personal Hygiene Remaja Putri Saat Menstruasi di MTS Swadaya Padangsidimpuan
Authors: Harahap Yanna Wari 
Published: September 2022

Menstrual personal hygiene is a component of the personal hygiene plays an important role in determining the health status, particulary protected from infection reproduction organ. Due to the lack of understanding of personal hygiene genetalia during menstruation is occurance of reproductive health disorders such as, vaginal discharge, urinary tract infection, pelvic inflammatory disease and the possibility of cervical cancer. One cause of fungal and bacterial infections in women is the lack of personal hygiene behavior during menstruation and lazy to change pads. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship of knowledge, providing information with menstrual personal hygiene teenage girl in MTsS Swadaya Padangsidimpuan 2019. The method of this research was analytic survey with cross sectional design. The population in this reseach were consist of teenage girl class VII, VIII dan IX who had menstruated, as many as 41 people and the entire population was sampled. The analysis used was univariate and bivariate with the Statistical test used chi-square test at the 95% confidence level (α=0,05). The result showed that there was significant relationship between Knowledge (p-value=0,001<0,05), providing information (p- value=0,002<0,05) with menstrual personal hygiene teenage girl. It was expected that in the future teenage girl could maintain good behaviour during menstruation and continue to increase knowledge about personal hygiene during menstruation.
Parliamentary Questions
Authors: Bennett Fran 
Published: September 2022

Parliamentary Questions is a selection of recent written questions from MPs to government ministers in the House of Commons. The answers from ministers highlighted in this section focus on social security, tax credits and poverty matters that may be of general interest to readers. Published in daily and weekly editions of Hansard, questions and answers across a range of issues can also now be found online at www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/hansrd.htm
In addition to written parliamentary questions, Hansard also covers oral answers from the ministers in the Department for Work and Pensions and other departments on a regular basis. In recent months, ministers have also started making written ministerial statements. These are printed just before the written answers in Hansard, and often cover announcements of substantive policy changes, the publication of reports and so on.
Because of the availability of parliamentary answers on the website, only a few significant answers are now reproduced in full in Benefits. Other important answers are listed, in chronological date order, within each topic. (Please note that this is not a complete list of parliamentary answers on social security benefits etc, but only those that the contributor thinks fairly important and/or interesting within the limits of space.)
The answers below cover the period from mid-October 2003 to the end of January 2004.
Research Round-Up
Authors: Rowlingson Karen 
Published: September 2022

The Social Fund has long been criticised by researchers and practitioners for failing to meet the needs of people in poverty. The first piece of research highlighted here from the National Association of Citizens Advice Bureaux (NACAB) once again details the major flaws with the Social Fund. How long can the government hold out against reforming this Cinderella aspect of the benefit system?
Tax Credits have only just been introduced (as of April 2003) and so we do not know how they might work in practice. Having said this, the newspapers were full of stories of long delays as the Inland Revenue grappled with this huge administrative task. Work funded by the Joseph Rowntree Foundation argues that the UK Tax Credits have been designed to avoid the controversial overpayments which are a feature of the Australian system and the lack of responsiveness as in Canada. We will not know whether or not the UK system achieves this for some time.
The final piece of research here is a very positive assessment of the New Deal for Lone Parents. Readers might be suspicious of the rosy picture painted by the research given that it was funded by the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) itself. But having worked for DWP myself in the past, and knowing that the authors of the report are respected colleagues of mine at the University of Bath, I think we can be confident in the independence of the authors’ conclusions!
Parliamentary Questions
Authors: Bennett Fran 
Published: September 2022

Parliamentary Questions is a selection of recent written questions from MPs to government ministers in the House of Commons. The answers from ministers highlighted in this section focus on social security, tax credits and poverty matters that may be of general interest to readers. Published in daily and weekly editions of Hansard, questions and answers across a range of issues can also now be found online at www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/hansrd.htm
In addition to written parliamentary questions, Hansard also covers oral answers from the ministers in the Department for Work and Pensions and other departments on a regular basis. Recently ministers also started making written ministerial statements. These are printed just before the written answers in Hansard, and often cover announcements of substantive policy changes, the publication of reports etc.
Because of the availability of parliamentary answers on the website, only a few significant answers are now reproduced in full in Benefits. Other important answers are listed below, in chronological date order, within each topic. (Please note that this is not a complete list of parliamentary answers on social security benefits etc but only those which the contributor thinks fairly important and/or interesting within the limits of space.)
The answers below cover the period from the beginning of February to the end of May 2004. Some questions will have been addressed to the Treasury rather than to the Department for Work and Pensions, including the question reproduced in full.
A Social Obligation of Parents Regrading the Upbringing of their Offspring: An Islamic Perspective
Authors: Gul Dr. Rais , Azizullah Dr. Muhammad , Muhammad Dr. Badshah 
Published: September 2022

This article is an attempt to analyze the proper attitude of parents towards their offspring in the light of the Holy Quran and Ahadees (Traditions of the Holy Prophet). The translation of the verses and their interpretations are mainly taken from the well-known commentary books on the Holy Quran, such as,Tafseer-Ibn-Khateer (English version), Tafheem-ul-Quran, entitled, ‘Towards Understanding the Quran’ (English version) by Syed Abul A’la Maududi, and The Meaning of the Holy Quran with Explanatory Notes by Mufti Taqi Usmani. A fair approach and treatment towards offspring by the parents is one of their main social responsibilities/obligations that would turn the new generation into assets rather than liabilities.This study shows that every sane person begins to aspire for offspring the moment they have tied the knot. The Muslims should have a firm belief that, like all other matters in life, Allah’s will prevails in the matter of offspring as well. Therefore, the believers should always seek Allah’s help in the matter of offspring and their being on the right track, and should make wholehearted supplications to the Almighty in this regard. The parents should adopt an Islamic outlook and treat their male and female children alike. In the light of the Quranic injunctions, it is crystal clear that offspring are beauty as well as test for parents in their temporal life. Their upbringing, according to the tenets of Islam, would turn them into a soothing balm for the parents not only in this world but would benefit their parents even after their death and on the Day of Judgment as well. It would transform the children into positive and productive human beings for the world around them
Intellectual review of “Shahar-e-Madina Aisa Hai” by Hafiz Muhammad Hussain Hafiz
Authors: Iqbal Saima , Yasmeen Rubina , Afzal Aneesa 
Published: September 2022

Hafiz Muhammad Hussain Hafiz(1993-2010) is from Faisalabad,Pakistan. He is very successful Punjabi poet.At the public level ,his Natya Kalam is still read with great relish.He used to write in Urdu from time to time. God-given ability and extensive personal study, as well as the lifelong companionship of scholars, his thoughts and writings produce many virtues.Naat is fact a statement of the attributes of the Holy Prophet (PBUH). The Holy prophet is beloved of Allah and His creatures. He is the cause of the creation of the universe and the mercy of the worlds. His example of beauty is the best example for all believers.Hafiz Muhammad Hussain, s book “Shahar-e-Madina Asia Hai” in his naat has mentioned the caste, attributes and virtues of the Holy Prophet in a beautiful way.If his Naats are carefully studied,then the first of all his theory of Naat comes to the fore.His two Naatiya books “ Sarkar ki Gali Main” and “ Shahar –e- Madina Aisa Hai” are in Urdu. In this article an intellectual review of his Natya book “ Shahar Madina Aisa Hai” has presented.
Scientific and Research Review of Eloquence of Quran e Hakeem
Authors: Zahidi Balyalvi Mufti Zaheer Abbas 
Published: September 2022

The Holy Quran which was revealed in Arabic language, it’s verses have been explained with help of Ahadith and Aasar as well as Quran itself. The Holy Quran‘s basic understanding is based on comprehension of Arabic language. The eloquence of the Holy Quran is a great miracle. Which has dazzled the people of the language and this understanding is a key to the Holy Quran that is why this title has been designed for research. The Arabs possessed a remarkable memory and were an eloquent people. Their eloquence and memory found expression in their poetry and literature. It is no small wonder that Allah choose the Arabic language for his final dispensation and preservation of his word. The Arabs were impressed by the eloquence of Holy Quran. The eloquence of the Holy Quran dazzled the Arabs poets and it’s litterateur. Verse 90 of Surah An-Nahl is one of the verses therefore astonished the Arabs with its eloquence. This verse is a perfect example of eloquence. its words are short and meanings are wide. After that Walid bin Mughira was convinced and believed that thase are wat words and Usman bin Mazoon said: The eloquence of this verse gave me light of faith, verse 90 of surah an-nahl also guides us to eradicate all social evils and create an ideal society.
A Comparative Study of the Four Imams and Imam Ibn e Hazm on Qiyas
Authors: Ahmad Zishan , Muqadusullah Dr. 
Published: September 2022

Islam is a comprehensive and complete code of life, all issues of life are in the grip of its teachings, and however the rules of Islam are of two kinds. Specified ((منصوص: The clear solution of which is contained in the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of the Prophet. Unspecified (غیر منصوص): The clear solution of which is not found in the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of the Prophet. That is, an issue which is not explicitly mentioned in the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and no consensus has been reached in this regard. Qiyas is one of the most important and basic sources of Shari'ah. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) and his Companions used to deduce the rules through Qiyas. Except for the Ahl al-Zawahir and some Mu'tazilites, no one has denied the validity of the Qiyas. The four Imams count Qiyas among the sources of Shari'ah. They prove the validity of Qiyas by testifying from the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of the Prophet and the sayings of the Companions. While Allama Ibn Hazm has denied the Qiyas. Imam Ibn Hazm has strongly expressed his position on the invalidation of Qiyas. He says that it is not permissible in religion to take Qiyas from speculation and opinion. In the event of a dispute, Allah has commanded that the matter be referred to the Book of Allah and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). Now, whoever returns the disputed matter to speculation or opinion, he has violated the command of God, which is a condition of Iman. Qiyas is a name about which Allah Almighty has not given any permission and has not revealed any evidence in this regard. Undoubtedly, Qiyas is just a guess. What Allah has commanded is obligatory and what He has forbidden is haram. What He has neither commanded nor forbidden is permissible and lawful. There is no need for Qiyas or opinion on anything now. He who made obligatory the thing for which the text was not obligatory or declared the thing which is not haram as haram, then he invented a new law in the religion which was not commanded by Allah.
Descriptive Study of Inguinal Hernia in the Post Graduated Hospital Khost
Authors: Shah Hemat Mohammad Qadir , Danish Rahman Ullah , Raoufi Said Aref , Gulsharif Sherzad 
Published: September 2022

Hernia is derived from the Latin word for rupture1. A hernia is defined as an abnormal protrusion of an organ or tissue through a defect in its surrounding walls. Although a hernia can occur at various sites of the body, these defects most commonly involve the abdominal wall, particularly the inguinal region. Hernia surgery is one of the earliest forms of surgery and various techniques of hernia repair have been described. The ideal treatment of inguinal hernia should be well defined and should be the least traumatic as regards to both the requested type of anesthesia and the operative technique, least expensive, least per-and postoperative morbidity, the chosen technique should also be the easiest to learn and perform and the positive results should be the most reproducible.
This research was conducted on 214 patients, out of which only 2 patients were female, which are 1.6%, and all other patients were male, which are 98.4%. The average age of all patients are 18-50 years old, of which 42 patients are 18-28 years old, 49 patients are 29-39 years old, and 123 patients are 40-50 years old.
Out of 214 patients, 126 patients had Right inguinal hernia which are 59%, 77 patients had left inguinal hernia which are 36% and 11 patients had hernia on both sides which are 5%. 67 patients had direct inguinal hernia which are 31.1% and 147 patients had indirect inguinal hernia which are 68.9%. The diagnosis of these patients was mostly based on history and clinical signs and symptoms of the patient.
Among those patients, 70 were underwent shouldice repair, which are 23.7%, 114 patients underwent bassini repair, which are 53.0 %, and 30 patients underwent meshplasty, which are 14.3%.
Fortunately, all of the patients who have been operated have been cured and the death rate are zero, and only 12 patients, which are 5.6% of the total, were previously operated. 5 patients had hematocele which are 2.3%, 3 patients developed neuralgia after surgery which are 1.4% and 3 patients had infection which are 1.4%.
So, we said that only 5.14% of our patients had post-operative complications, fortunately 94.86% of patients were cured without complications.
EFL Teachers’ Perceptions on Learner Autonomy in Online Instruction during the Lockdown Period
Authors: Aslıhan Tuğçe Güler  , Metin Esen  
Published: September 2022

Teaching English has been one of the subjects deeply affected by the lockdown and physical isolation period caused by COVID-19, and schools around the world had to switch to online instruction at short notice. Students engaged in this distance learning process with different autonomy levels; some adapted to the new learning system easily, while others felt lost and depended solely on what the teachers said. This descriptive study aims to discover the perception of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers on learner autonomy levels of Turkish EFL learners during online instruction throughout the lockdown period; what the biggest barriers that blocked their students’ autonomous study habits were; and what strategies teachers/ instructors followed to enhance the students’ autonomy levels. In order to analyse the data collected through an online questionnaire from 66 teacher participants, a descriptive study design with a mixed method approach was adopted. Correlational analysis was performed on the quantitative data, and qualitative data was open coded with content analysis. Findings showed that Turkish EFL learners were perceived to be autonomous at a rate of 55% by their teachers during the online instruction period, and self-access materials, technology, motivation, and the affective factors played a significant role in the development, degree, and perception of autonomy in online learning.
Students’ Perceptions and the Potential Impact of Web 2.0 Tools in Collaborative Writing Classes
Authors: Erguvan Uras Eren  , Derin Atay  
Published: September 2022

Information and communication technology (ICT) has been increasingly implemented in L2 writing contexts for the last decade. A wide range of research was conducted mostly on the use of a single most commonly used Web-based social tool such as wikis or blogs while other practical tools that can be combined in L2 writing classes remained largely unexplored in the literature. To address this gap, the present study investigated the effect of using various Web 2.0 tools on learners’ L2 writing performances and perceptions of students towards integration in the context of Turkish higher education. Drawing upon the theoretical framework of social constructivism, three commonly practiced Web 2.0 tools, i.e., Socrative, Padlet and Google Docs, were integrated into the experimental collaborative writing class. The data were collected by means of students’ writings, focus group interviews and teacher observation checklists. An independent sample t-test of the writing score gains revealed that Web 2.0 tools group had statistically significant higher writing outcomes. Analysis of the qualitative data concluded that varied Web 2.0 tools provided students with significant benefits such as encouraged learner autonomy, increased motivation and participation in addition to much more enjoyable writing lessons and enhanced social interaction.
English Language Teaching Faculty Members’ Knowledge and Awareness of Special Educational Needs at Universities in Japan: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Michael Ruddick  , Simon Pryor  
Published: September 2022

In this study, the researchers propose that the ratification of The Act for Eliminating Discrimination against People with Disabilities in Japan in 2016, may precipitate a rise in the number of students with Special Educational Needs (SEN) entering universities. As English language learning is compulsory at most universities in Japan (Poole, 2005), the researchers also propose that English language teaching faculty are likely to regularly encounter SEN students if this rise occurs. Past research (Wilson, Getzel, & Brown, 2000) has shown that SEN students view university faculty members as being integral to their academic success. Given this, this qualitative research project focuses on the levels of knowledge and awareness of SEN held by 15 English language teaching faculty at nine universities in Japan. Interviews were undertaken with the participants in which teacher perceptions, experiences and knowledge of SEN were investigated. The interviews also focused on knowledge of SEN policy and implementation and teacher training. The findings showed that all participants had experience teaching SEN students, that knowledge of SEN students and SEN policy lacked in most cases, and that most interviewees had not received any specific SEN training. Ideas for improvement included more information sharing between administrators and teachers, informing teachers of the kinds of SEN students had before classes begin, raising awareness of SEN amongst the student body at universities, and improved SEN-specific pedagogical training. Finally, we offer some implications for practice and future research.
GREEN SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF PALLADIUM NANOPARTICLES : A REVIEW
Authors: VINODHINI S. , VITHIYA B. SCHOLASTICA MARY , PRASAD T. AUGUSTINE ARUL 
Published: September 2022

Nanoparticles are ultra-fine particles, thickness within a range of 100 nm in diameter. They are held responsible in enormous fields like diagnosis, bio-imaging, drug delivery, cancer therapy, environmental applications, biosensors, electronics, etc., due to their unique physicochemical properties. Among many noble metals, Palladium (Pd) is one such metal that has gained attention in this review. Plant-based biosynthesis has revealed the possibilities of synthesizing nanometric range palladium particles, their stabilization and impact of varying pH, temperature and concentration mostly on development and morphology with nanoparticles. the biosynthesized particles were determined using UV-Visible spectral analysis, FTIR, SEM, TEM - EDX as well as DLS technique whose findings were in support to the role of phytochemicals operating as reducing and stabilizing agents during the Pd (II) reduction to Pd(0). The antimicrobial activity of palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) synthesized from different plant extracts was also studied against various pathogens. The results showed the ability of Pd NPs to make the microbes susceptible by a clear zone of inhibition. Despite of all these experiments, the research demands further extensive study to bring out an exact mechanism for the process of Pd (II) reduction to Pd (0) and mode of action of Pd NPs against microbes.
Uji T Berpasangan (Paired T-Test) Terhadap Pengaruh Perbedaan Jumlah Jam Terapi Applied Behaviour Analisys (ABA) Pada Siswa Berkebutuhan Khusus Autisme
Authors: Saputra Guntur Yudi , Kartika Dwiani Listya , Muhassanah Nuraini 
Published: September 2022

Terapi Applied Behaviour Analysis (ABA) adalah salah satu metode terapi autisme yang banyak dilaksanakan di sekolah yang melenggarakan pendidikan inklusi salah satunya adalah SD Alam Banyu Belik Purwokerto. Terapi ABA yang dijalankan di lembaga pendidikan tersebut masih banyak kekurangan salah satunya adalah keterbatasan terapis untuk melakukan terapi ABA. Karena keterbatasan terapis tersebut, jam terapi yang diberikan belum sesuai dengan terapi ABA pada umumnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan nilai antara anak didik yang mengikuti program terapi ABA selama 1,5 jam per hari dengan anak didik yang mengikuti program terapi ABA selama 8 jam per hari di SD Alam Banyu Belik Purwokerto. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan subjek tunggal. Subjek tunggal adalah seorang siswa inklusi di SD Alam Banyu Belik yang terletak di Desa Karangnangka, Kecamatan Kedungbanteng, Kabupaten Banyumas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan namun tidak signifikan antara nilai sebelum dan sesudah diterapkannya terapi ABA dijalankan selama 1,5 jam per hari dengan terapi ABA yang dijalankan selama 8 jam per hari atau dengan kata lain terapi ABA yang dijalankan di SD Alam Banyu Belik selama 1,5 jam terbilang masih dalam koridor yang baik.