bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combination of Biocatalysis and Sonochemistry in the Ethyl Oleate Production
Authors: de Almeida Natália Alves , Rosset Isac George 
Published: February 2022

Objectives:Fatty acid alkyl esters (FAAEs) are a family of natural neutral lipids and can be produced cleanly and sustainably by esterification of free fatty acids (FFAs) with short chain alcohol using enzymatic catalysts. In this study, the use of lipases was evaluated in enzymatic esterification of oleic acid with ethanol using the combination of biocatalysis and sonochemistry (ultrasound) in the absence of co-solvents.Methods:Reaction parameters, such as type of lipase, amount of enzyme, reaction time, alcohol hydration level and enzyme turnover were evaluated for the enzymatic synthesis of ethyl oleate.Results:C. antarctica lipase provided yields above 95% in less than 10 h with 10% (w/w) of lipase. The use of hydrous ethanol (5% of water) showed a slight drop in yield but remained above 90% of ethyl oleate production. C. antarctica lipase showed no loss efficiency even after 10 reaction cycles.Conclusion:The combination of biocatalysis and ultrasound radiation provided a high yield, showing that the combination of these tools may be a good choice for the enzymatic synthesis of ethyl oleate.
Optimized Algebraic Algorithm for Ambiguity Resolution and DOA Computation
in Baseline Interferometer
Authors: Suram Sudha Rani , Prasad Niranjan , Gottapu Sasibhushana Rao 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Interferometer is the most preferred technique for high accuracy direction finding. For broadband direction finding (DF) applications, multiple antennas forming a number of baselines are used to achieve better accuracy in measuring the direction of arrival (DOA). Ambiguity resolution in multi-element interferometers is a crucial algorithm for the computation of DOA.

Objective:
This paper introduces a fast, algebraic Common Minimum Modulo Search (CMMS) algo-rithm for ambiguity resolution and DOA computation. LabVIEW-based tool for Monte Carlo simula-tion of the algorithm over various parameters is described.

Method:
The CMMS is a computationally efficient algorithm, where the longest baseline phase difference is used for accuracy, and the phase difference data from all other baselines are used for resolving the ambiguities in the longest baseline. A hybrid approach using correlation and minimum algebraic search is used to determine the best fit set of ambiguities to the measured phase difference data.

Results:
Case studies have been presented in the literature and the performance of the CMMS algo-rithm was validated against established algorithms. This paper discusses the FPGA implementation as well as its simulation results. Analysis is performed on the 6-18 GHz frequency band. Moreover, the sources of errors and resulting limitations regarding the applicability of the algorithm are also discussed.

Conclusion:
Simulation results establish the algorithm's effectiveness in ambiguity resolution and applicability to diverse array configurations. The short nine-clock cycle processing latency in FPGA is demonstrated by the simulation results.
Perfil metabólico de conejos suplementados con niveles de semilla de linaza (Linum usitatissimum) en la dieta
Authors: Moya Romero Diana Carolina , Pires Barbosa Larissa , Morais Machado William , Santana da França Caline , Albuquerque Vieira Renan Luiz , Silva Mendes Claudineia , Almeida Santana Ana Lúcia , Silva Souza Rosiléia 
Published: February 2022

Diversas semillas de oleaginosas son fuente de ácidos grasos esenciales indispensables para cubrir las funciones básicas en el organismo. El estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto de la inclusión de semilla de linaza (Linum usitatissimum) en la dieta de conejos por medio del perfil metabólico. Se utilizaron 20 machos de la raza Nueva Zelandia de 8 meses de edad. Distribuidos en cuatro grupos, recibieron niveles de semilla de linaza (L. usitatissimum) en la dieta total: 0 %, 3 %, 6 % y 9 %, durante un período de 88 días. Los animales se sometieron a colecta de sangre cada 22 días para determinar glucosa, colesterol total, lipoproteínas de alta densidad (HDL), triglicéridos, lipoproteínas de muy baja densidad (VLDL), lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL), creatinina y urea. Los datos se evaluaron por análisis de varianza y de regresión con 5 % de significancia. La inclusión de semilla de linaza (L. usitatissimum) en la dieta presentó comportamiento cuadrático positivo para concentración plasmática de glucosa y colesterol total. No hubo diferencia significativa entre los tratamientos para la concentración plasmática de triglicéridos, lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL), lipoproteínas de muy baja densidad (VLDL) urea. Hubo comportamiento cúbico para lipoproteínas de alta densidad (HDL) y creatinina. La inclusión de linaza (L. usitatissimum) en la dieta no presentó efecto hipercolesterolémico en estos animales.
Technology Acceptance and Usability of a Virtual Reality Intervention for Military Members and Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Mixed Methods Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology Study
Authors: Jones Chelsea , Miguel Cruz Antonio , Smith-MacDonald Lorraine , Brown Matthew R G , Vermetten Eric , Brémault-Phillips Suzette 
Published: February 2022

Background
Military members and veterans exhibit higher rates of injuries and illnesses such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) because of their increased exposure to combat and other traumatic scenarios. Novel treatments for PTSD are beginning to emerge and increasingly leverage advances in gaming and other technologies, such as virtual reality. Without assessing the degree of technology acceptance and perception of usability to the end users, including the military members, veterans, and their attending therapists and staff, it is difficult to determine whether a technology-based treatment will be used successfully in wider clinical practice. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model is commonly used to address the technology acceptance and usability of applications in 5 domains.

Objective
Using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model, the purpose of this study was to determine the technology acceptance and usability of multimodal motion-assisted memory desensitization and reconsolidation (3MDR) on a virtual reality system in the primary user group (military members and veterans with treatment-resistant PTSD, 3MDR therapists, and virtual reality environment operators).

Methods
This mixed methods embedded pilot study included military members (n=3) and veterans (n=8) with a diagnosis of combat-related PTSD, as well as their therapists (n=13) and operators (n=5) who completed pre-post questionnaires before and on completion of 6 weekly sessions of 3MDR. A partial least squares structural equation model was used to analyze the questionnaire results. Qualitative data from the interviews were assessed using thematic analysis.

Results
Effort expectancy, which was the most notable predictor of behavioral intention, increased after a course of 3MDR with the virtual reality system, whereas all other constructs demonstrated no significant change. Participants’ expectations of the technology were met, as demonstrated by the nonsignificant differences in the pre-post scores. The key qualitative themes included feasibility and function, technical support, and tailored immersion.

Conclusions
3MDR via a virtual reality environment appears to be a feasible, usable, and accepted technology for delivering 3MDR to military members and veterans who experience PTSD and 3MDR therapists and operators who facilitate their treatment.
Developing a Clinic-Based, Vaccine-Promoting Intervention for African American Youth in Rural Alabama: Protocol for a Pilot Cluster-Randomized Controlled Implementation Science Trial
Authors: Budhwani Henna , Sharma Vinita , Long Dustin , Simpson Tina 
Published: February 2022

Background
African American youth in rural Alabama are clinically underserved and have limited knowledge about the human papillomavirus and the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, including knowledge about the risk for developing cervical or oropharyngeal cancers or COVID-19.

Objective
In this 30-month study, we propose to develop an in-clinic, youth-tailored, vaccine-promoting intervention for vaccine hesitancy reduction that can be seamlessly integrated into the existing environments of pediatric and family practice settings in rural Alabama.

Methods
This exploratory, sequential mixed methods study will be conducted in 3 phases. In the first phase, we will assess stakeholders’ knowledge, sentiments, and beliefs related to vaccination in general, COVID-19 vaccination, and human papillomavirus vaccination. We will also assess stakeholders’ perceptions of barriers to vaccination that exist in rural Alabama. This will be followed by a second phase wherein we will use the data collected in the first phase to inform the development and finalization of a noninvasive, modular, synchronous counseling intervention that targets the behaviors of 15- to 26-year-old adolescents. In the third phase, we will conduct a pilot hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation cluster-randomized controlled trial to assess intervention acceptability and feasibility (clinics: N=4; African American youth: N=120) while assessing a “clinical signal” of effectiveness. We will document implementation contexts to provide real-world insight and support dissemination and scale-up.

Results
The study was funded at the end of December 2020. Approval from the University of Alabama at Birmingham Institutional Review Board was obtained in May 2021, and the qualitative data collection process outlined in the first phase of this project concluded in November 2021. The entire study is expected to be complete at the end of December 2023.

Conclusions
The results of the trial will provide much needed information on vaccine hesitancy in rural Alabama, and if found efficacious, the intervention could notably increase rates of vaccinations in one of the most underserved parts of the United States. The results from the trial will provide information that is valuable to public health practitioners and providers in rural settings to inform their efforts in increasing vaccination rates among 15- to 26-year-old African American youth in rural southern United States.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04604743; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04604743

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/33982
The Evaluation of a Social Media Campaign to Increase COVID-19 Testing in Migrant Groups: Cluster Randomized Trial
Authors: Elgersma Ingeborg Hess , Fretheim Atle , Indseth Thor , Munch Anita Thorolvsen , Johannessen Live Bøe , Hansen Christine Engh 
Published: February 2022

Background
A low test positivity rate is key to keeping the COVID-19 pandemic under control. Throughout the pandemic, several migrant groups in Norway have seen higher rates of confirmed COVID-19 and related hospitalizations, while test positivity has remained high in the same groups. The Norwegian government has used several platforms for communication, and targeted social media advertisements have in particular been an important part of the communication strategy to reach these groups.

Objective
In this study, we aimed to investigate whether such a targeted Facebook campaign increased the rate of COVID-19 tests performed in certain migrant groups.

Methods
We randomly assigned 386 Norwegian municipalities and city districts to intervention or control groups. Individuals born in Eritrea, Iraq, Pakistan, Poland, Russia, Somalia, Syria, and Turkey residing in intervention areas were targeted with a social media campaign aiming at increasing the COVID-19 test rate. The campaign message was in a simple language and conveyed in the users’ main language or in English.

Results
During the 2-week follow-up period, the predicted probability of having a COVID-19 test taken was 4.82% (95% CI 4.47%-5.18%) in the control group, and 5.58% (95% CI 5.20%-5.99%) in the intervention group (P=.004).

Conclusions
Our targeted social media intervention led to a modest increase in test rates among certain migrant groups in Norway.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04866589; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04866589
Natural Language Processing for Assessing Quality Indicators in Free-Text Colonoscopy and Pathology Reports: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Bae Jung Ho , Han Hyun Wook , Yang Sun Young , Song Gyuseon , Sa Soonok , Chung Goh Eun , Seo Ji Yeon , Jin Eun Hyo , Kim Heecheon , An DongUk 
Published: February 2022

Background
Manual data extraction of colonoscopy quality indicators is time and labor intensive. Natural language processing (NLP), a computer-based linguistics technique, can automate the extraction of important clinical information, such as adverse events, from unstructured free-text reports. NLP information extraction can facilitate the optimization of clinical work by helping to improve quality control and patient management.

Objective
We developed an NLP pipeline to analyze free-text colonoscopy and pathology reports and evaluated its ability to automatically assess adenoma detection rate (ADR), sessile serrated lesion detection rate (SDR), and postcolonoscopy surveillance intervals.

Methods
The NLP tool for extracting colonoscopy quality indicators was developed using a data set of 2000 screening colonoscopy reports from a single health care system, with an associated 1425 pathology reports. The NLP system was then tested on a data set of 1000 colonoscopy reports and its performance was compared with that of 5 human annotators. Additionally, data from 54,562 colonoscopies performed between 2010 and 2019 were analyzed using the NLP pipeline.

Results
The NLP pipeline achieved an overall accuracy of 0.99-1.00 for identifying polyp subtypes, 0.99-1.00 for identifying the anatomical location of polyps, and 0.98 for counting the number of neoplastic polyps. The NLP pipeline achieved performance similar to clinical experts for assessing ADR, SDR, and surveillance intervals. NLP analysis of a 10-year colonoscopy data set identified great individual variance in colonoscopy quality indicators among 25 endoscopists.

Conclusions
The NLP pipeline could accurately extract information from colonoscopy and pathology reports and demonstrated clinical efficacy for assessing ADR, SDR, and surveillance intervals in these reports. Implementation of the system enabled automated analysis and feedback on quality indicators, which could motivate endoscopists to improve the quality of their performance and improve clinical decision-making in colorectal cancer screening programs.
Digital Dermatology: Experience From Scotland During Lockdown and Beyond
Authors: Muthiah Shareen , Morton Colin A 
Published: February 2022

Background
In Scotland, dermatology outpatient services deliver over 300,000 appointments each year. With a significant growth in both new and return attendances, there is an increasing drive for innovative transformation. In response to this challenge, a Digital Dermatology Asynchronous (DDA) consultation platform was co-developed with two National Health Service Dermatology teams. Roll-out of the platform was accelerated during Scotland’s initial COVID-19 lockdown and its wider scope was prospectively evaluated.

Objective
The aims of the platform were to (1) improve the patient experience by reducing the need to attend hospital for consultations; (2) modernize delivery of outpatient care, providing clinicians with a store-and-forward form of telemedicine; (3) use an integrated digital platform—linked with booking systems and the electronic patient records—to increase efficiency and capacity, thereby creating a more sustainable outpatient service; and (4) create a positive environmental impact by reducing travel and hence the carbon footprint.

Methods
During an 11-week “lockdown” period from late March 2020, a total of 405 consultations were prospectively audited. Clinicians were asked to complete data collection proformas for each consultation detailing patient demographics, quality of images, diagnosis, and outcomes. The time taken to complete each virtual consultation was recorded for 312 consultations. Feedback surveys were completed by patients and clinicians via email.

Results
Of the 405 consultations, 297 new and 108 returning patient consultations were assessed, with 80% of submitted images being of satisfactory quality. In total, 292 consultations involved the assessment of lesions, with most referred as suspected cancers. Patients of all ages participated, with 31% of them being aged over 60 years and the parents of 12 children. The consultations were, on average, 3 minutes shorter than equivalent face-to-face (F2F) interactions, and a total of 5758 km of patient travel was avoided. Outcomes included virtual review (16%), F2F review (47%), direct to surgery (11%), discharge (22%), and other treatment or investigation (4%). The majority of those needing F2F review were scheduled for routine follow-up. Patient satisfaction was high, with 82% of respondents reporting ease of use.

Conclusions
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a paradigm shift in the way we deliver outpatient care. DDA consultations are now operational in 4 health boards and have been successfully included in the choice of consultation type available for patients, helping to augment service capacity during pandemic recovery. The platform is the first of its kind in Scotland, to be integrated with the hospital booking system and electronic patient record and offering a valuable alternative to F2F, telephone, and video consultations.

Conflicts of Interest
None declared.
AUTORES, COAUTORES E OUTROS PERSONAGENS:
Authors: Bedê Fayga Silveira , Almeida Marina Nogueira de , Magalhães Lincoln Mattos , Oliveira José Wendel Silva de 
Published: February 2022

Resumo: De acordo com as diretrizes éticas que regem a pesquisa acadêmica, quem pode ser considerado o legítimo autor de um estudo? Que contribuições são suficientes para a constituição da autoria no ambiente acadêmico? Como saber se merecemos a condição de coautores ou se devemos figurar apenas na seção de agradecimentos de um trabalho publicado? Como devemos proceder para evitar, ao máximo, conflitos de autoria em pesquisas acadêmicas? Como autores e editores devem encaminhar disputas de autoria já instaladas? A partir dessas questões, observamos, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica interdisciplinar, que muitas áreas de estudo vêm alertando para os efeitos deletérios do produtivismo acadêmico sobre a atribuição de autoria; o qual, ora inflaciona os créditos de alguns pesquisadores, ora usurpa os de outros. Nos últimos ciclos avaliativos da pós-graduação brasileira, a área do Direito tem adotado instrumentos de avaliação que enfatizam a pontuação relativa aos trabalhos publicados, em detrimento dos demais aspectos da vida acadêmica; razão pela qual, entendemos que a pesquisa jurídica não está infensa aos riscos do paradigma produtivista. Nesse contexto, realizamos pesquisa documental, a fim de analisar e problematizar as diretrizes éticas sobre atribuição de autoria estabelecidas pelos principais órgãos nacionais e internacionais de regulação da pesquisa. Esperamos que, a exemplo de outras áreas, também possamos colocar a cultura de boas práticas no epicentro dos nossos debates.
Clinical and serological features of Lyme borreliosis in different regions of Ukraine
Authors: Nykytyuk S. , Klishch I. , Klymnyuk S. 
Published: February 2022

Lyme borreliosis is an endemic disease of Western Ukraine. Infections are caused by members of the genus Borrelia.Main part. 275 children aged from 1 to 18 were examined in the laboratory of the Center for the Study of Lyme-borreliosis and other tick-borne infections.Material and methods. Serological examination of children was performed by the method of two-stage diagnosis, using ELISA primarily and confirming the results by immunoblotting. Baseline studies related to clinical and immunological examinations were performed, including data from Elisa and Immunoblot EUROLINE Borrelia RN-AT.Results. 275 children were examined. Among them were 179 children from the Ternopil region, 31 from Zhytomyr region, 30 from Khmelnytsky region, and 35 from Rivne region - aged 1-18. Children had non-specific manifestations of infection, namely, weakness, lethargy, malaise. They were screened for the presence of Ig M I IgG to B. burgdorferi s.l.
Conclusions.1. The genotype of B. burgdorferi sensu stricto was found in children of some regions of Ukraine, Ternopil, Zhytomyr, Khmelnytsky, Rivne regions. 2. IgM to Ospc B. garinii antigens prevailed over Ospc b. afzelii, Ospc b. burdorferi in children of Ternopil region. 3. IgG to Vlse B. burdorferi antigens prevailed over the corresponding antigens of B. afzelii, Vlse B. garinii in children of Ternopil region. 4. The level of antibodies to antigens Ospc B. garinii, Ospc b. afzelii, Ospc b. burdorferi in the Khmelnytsky region predominate over the level of antibody antigens in other surveyed areas. 5. Compared to Ternopil oblast, Khmelnytsky oblast is the second most endemic for Lyme disease, as the level of IgG antibody titer in children of Ternopil (17.3 %) and Khmelnytsky (10 %) region are much higher than in Zhytomyr (6.4 %) and Rivne (2.8 %) area.
IMPACT OF PERFORMANCE AND BARRIERS TOWARDS INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0 IMPLEMENTATION IN MALAYSIAN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
Authors: Zhen Zhi Nicole Wee , Wah Low Wai , Yee Wong Shi , Soon Wong Kwong 
Published: February 2022

Malaysian construction industry is still lagging in new technology adoption, while the world is moving towards Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0). This study aims to identify the critical barriers of hindering the implementation of IR 4.0 among stakeholders in construction industry by using a set of questionnaires. The impacts of IR 4.0 to construction industry were also studied. The quantitative data were analysed using Relative Importance Index. The data revealed that the top barriers were related to technology deficiency and financial issue, while the greatest impacts of IR 4.0 implementation on project performance were safety, project success and time performance. The future of construction industry moving towards a fully digitalization is promising, although a longer time is required to achieve the desired status.
Differential equation to verify the validity of the model of the whole-person mental health education activity in Universities
Authors: Shao Yuping , Abualhamayl Abdullah Jameel 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
College students are prone to psychological changes and personality distortions under heavy pressure. It will lead to catastrophe if it is not promptly guided or improperly used to reduce stress and relax. Now we integrate holistic education into the construction of the mental health education system in colleges and universities. This is conducive to solving practical problems and improving the effectiveness of system construction. We set up a differential equation model (DCE) based on the discrete choice to study mental health due to practice. At the same time, we adopt the mutual influence model of penetrating dissemination of thoughts and public opinion and human behaviour, and establish the SEIR DCE with constant input and bilinear incidence rate. The experiment verifies the algorithm’s effectiveness on the model of whole-person mental health education activities in colleges and universities.