bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Responsabilidad social educativa en gestión del riesgo desastres en salud para una ciudadanía sostenible
Authors: Merchán De Las Salas Shirley 
Published: June 2022

Se presenta la experiencia investigativa del proyecto Nuevas Ciudadanías para la Gestión del Riesgo de Desastres en la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia, cuyo objetivo se basó en implementar una estrategia de educación para el desarrollo sostenible en comunidades religiosas, con un diseño cualitativo, en construcción de una teoría fundamental y uso de técnicas en grupos focales, observación participante, entrevistas semiestructuradas y análisis documental, los resultados evidencian la aplicación teórica del modelo Unión de Responsabilidad Social Universitaria Latinoamericana (URSULA) articulado a las orientaciones de responsabilidad social y al proyecto Educativo de la Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina para el aprendizaje de comunidades con metodologías colaborativas en ámbitos del conocimiento, reducción del riesgo y manejo de desastres en mujeres del sector religioso. Las conclusiones de la investigación confirman que la educación con responsabilidad social fortalecer el liderazgo y las capacidades de preparación y respuesta de la mujer del sector religioso en escenarios futuros frente a desastres y emergencias con ampliación en la construcción de redes de cooperación para alcanzar objetivos 3, 4, 10, 11, 16 y 17 de la agenda 2030 para desarrollo sostenible.
Palabras clave: Educación; Desastres; Salud; Sector religioso; Desarrollo sostenible.
WATER DESALINATION USING ICE FREEZING IN ICICLES
Authors: Puhoviy І. , Petrechuk A. 
Published: June 2022

The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of initial salinity and water flow rate on desalination processes in icicles formed on horizontal nozzles.
Experimental installation, is a frame on which are fixed: a container with initial salt water, impact surface, horizontal nozzles. Initial saline water of 10-30 g/l flowed out through the hole, fell and crushed against the impact surface, and then froze on the nozzles in the form of icicles. To investigate the degree of salinity, the icicles were divided into equal parts and melted.
The results of the investigation show that the obtained water contains the most salts in those parts that are closer to the bases of the borules. At a flow rate of 2 ml/sec, the borules grew to their full length. The level of the option was defined as the ratio of initial water solubility to the received solubility and was 1.5 to 4, higher values were obtained at the flow rate of 1 ml/sec, and at the first intervals.
Conclusions: The results of experiments showed that it is impossible to refine brackish water in 1 cycle. To obtain drinking water with salt concentration less than 0.5 g/l it is necessary to use several cycles of freezing-melting or to combine with other methods of desalination. It is necessary to control the optimum water consumption to ensure a higher degree of (solidification)desalination.
Lateral Patellar Dislocation
Authors: Watson Richard , Sullivan Breanna , Stone Austin V. , Jacobs Cale , Malone Terry , Heebner Nicholas , Noehren Brian 
Published: June 2022

» Nonoperative treatment of a lateral patellar dislocation produces favorable functional results, but as high as 35% of individuals experience recurrent dislocations.» Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction is an effective treatment to prevent recurrent dislocations and yield excellent outcomes with a high rate of return to sport.» Both nonoperative and postoperative rehabilitation should center on resolving pain and edema, restoring motion, and incorporating isolated and multijoint progressive strengthening exercises targeting the hip and knee.» Prior to return to sports, both functional and isolated knee strength measurements should be used to determine leg symmetry strength and to utilize patient-reported outcome measures to assess the patient’s perceived physical abilities and patellofemoral joint stability.
The Pattern and Possible Formation Mechanisms of Current Crustal Stress in High Asia
Authors: Rebetsky Yu.L. , Alekseev R.S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract—The pattern of current crustal stress in central and southeastern Asia has been reconstructed from earthquake focal mechanisms by inversion using Rebetsky’s method of cataclastic analysis. The inversion provides constraints on principal stress directions, as well as on relative magnitudes of maximum shear and effective isotropic pressure. The crust of the High Asian mountainous province is subject to horizontal extension or shear in plateaus (East and South Pamir and Tibet) and to horizontal compression or shear in mountain ranges. The relatively high horizontal compression in the ranges is apparently due more to denudation and exhumation than to the pressure from the Indian indentor. Denudation and removal of clastic material from the Himalayan slopes has been a key agent that may compensate for the N–S crust shortening in central Tibet and the W–E stretching in eastern Tibet. The current stress field of High Asia has been mainly controlled by vertical buoyancy forces that arise by thickening of lighter crust and detachment of heavier lithosphere.
TRPM7 kinase domain is part of Rac1-SSH2-cofilin complex regulating F-actin in neural system
Authors: Chang Junzhuang , Li Wei , Chen Cui , Abumaria Nashat 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Impairment in phosphorylation/dephosphorylation (inhibition/activation) of cofilin, an actin filaments (F-actin) severing protein, can result in numerous brain diseases. The α-kinase domain (M7CK) of transient receptor potential melastatin-like 7 (TRPM7) ion channel interacts with diverse signaling molecules regulating different cellular mechanisms. The kinase protects synaptic density, plasticity and learning and memory functions by phosphorylating cofilin, and hence protecting F-actin within spines. However, mechanisms underlying regulation of cofilin activity and/or F-actin by M7CK remain unknown. Using Western blot analysis in brain tissue, we found that knockout of TRPM7 in glutamatergic neurons of mice resulted in reduction in the phosphorylation levels of cofilin and its activator the protein phosphatase slingshot homolog 2 (SSH2). Co-immunoprecipitation experiments showed direct interaction between M7CK, cofilin and SSH2. Kinase enzymatic activity assay showed that both proteins are phosphorylation targets of M7CK. Upstream from this complex, we found that the GTPase Rac1 can also be co-immunoprecipitated. GTPase activity assay showed that M7CK is a phosphorylation target of Rac1. At the functional level, we found that knockdown (in vitro) or knockout (in vivo) of TRPM7 resulted in reduction in phalloidin puncta within neuronal dendritic areas indicating that F-actin is severed in the absence of M7CK. Expression of the kinase domain, but not the ion channel part, rescued phalloidin puncta in neuronal cell cultures following suppression of TRPM7. Our data suggest that the α-kinase domain of TRPM7 is activated by Rac1. Then the kinase protects F-actin by inhibiting cofilin; directly by phosphorylation and indirectly by preventing its dephosphorylation via SSH2-phosphatase.
Selected Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Extracts Inhibit Intestinal α-Glucosidases Activities in- vitro and Postprandial Hyperglycemia in SD Rats
Authors: Mitiku Haimanot , Kim Tae Yang , Kang Hanna , Apostolidis Emmanouil , Lee Jung-Yun , Kwon Young-In 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
One of the therapeutic approaches for decreasing postprandial hyperglycemia is to retard absorption of glucose by the inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes, α-amylase, and α-glucosidases, in the digestive organs. Coffee consumption has been reported to beneficial effects for controlling calorie and cardiovascular diseases, however, the clear efficacy and mode of action are yet to be proved well. Therefore, in this study we evaluated in- vitro rat intestinal α-glucosidases and porcine α-amylase inhibitory activities as well as in vivo (Sprague-Dawley rat model) blood glucose lowering effects of selected coffee extracts. The water extracted Sumatra coffee (SWE) showed strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50, 4.39 mg/mL) in a dose-dependent manner followed by Ethiopian water extract (EWE) (IC50, 4.97) and Guatemala water extract (GWE) (IC50, 5.19). Excepted for GWE all the coffee types significantly reduced the plasma glucose level at 0.5 hour after oral intake (0.5 g/kg-body weight) in sucrose and starch-loaded SD rats. In sucrose loading test SWE (p < 0.001) and EWE (p < 0.05) had significantly postprandial blood glucose reduction effect, when compared to control. The maximum blood glucose levels (Cmax) of EWE administration group were decreased by about 18% (from 222.3 ± 16.0 to 182.5 ± 15.4, p < 0.01) and 19% (from 236.2 ± 25.1 to 191.3 ± 13.2 hr·mg/dL, p < 0.01) in sucrose and starch loading tests, respectively. These results indicate that selected coffee extract may improve exaggerated postprandial spikes in blood glucose via inhibition of intestinal sucrase and thus delays carbohydrate absorption. These in vitro and in vivo studies therefore could provide the biochemical rationale for the benefit of coffee-based dietary supplement and the basis for further clinical study.
β-1,3-glucan Improved Health Status, Stimulated Immunity, and Neutralized Lead and Fipronil Pollutants Toxicity of Nile Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
Authors: Elmowalid Gamal A. , Ghonimi Wael A. M. , Allah Hossam M Abd Allah M Abd , El-Murr Abdelhakeem , Abdallah Haytham , Abdelwahab Ashraf M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This study was designed to examine the impact of dietary β-1,3-glucan immunomodulatory and mitigating activities against fipronil and lead-induced pollution in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) culture. Two hundred forty catfish were randomly divided into four equal groups: the first served as a control; the second was supplemented with β-1,3-glucan; the third was exposed to fipronil and lead; and the fourth was exposed to a combination of fipronil, lead, and β-1,3-glucan. The health status, haematological, immunological, and histopathological changes were all evaluated. Swelling on the dorsolateral side, spinal column deviation (scoliosis), sluggish movement, skin bleaching, excessive mucus secretion, significant variations in blood indices-related measures, and a 45% death rate were all observed in the third group. There was also a significant decrease in IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, and IgM concentrations, as well as a down-regulation of their corresponding gene expression. In the spleen, there were notable necrotic foci and hemosiderosis; in the intestine, severe enteritis and mucinous degeneration of the lining epithelium were common pathological findings. Fish treated with β-1,3-glucan alone or in combination with fipronil and lead demonstrated improved physiological activity, blood indices, and elevations in IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, and IgM concentrations, as well as up-regulation in their gene expression in splenic tissues, when compared to the third group. The spleen and intestine had normal histological architecture with 5% mortalities. No fish mortalities were observed in the control and β-1,3-glucan alone treated groups. These findings suggest that β-1,3-glucan could be a promising dietary supplement for catfish health, immunity, and as a fipronil and lead pollutant neutralizer in catfish culture.
Spatial Energy Densities of Large-Scale Electricity Generation from Power Sources Worldwide
Authors: Nøland Jonas Kristiansen , Auxepaules Juliette , Rousset Antoine , Perney Benjamin , Falletti Guillaume 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper introduces the concept of the annual energy density of electric power generation, which is proposed as an informative metric to capture the impacts on the environmental footprint. Our investigation covers a wide range of sources based on the installed capacity and compares different regions to establish typical flows of energy densities and evaluate their scalability to meet future net-zero emission goals. Our data analysis is based on publicly available information from different regions. The results of our systematic analysis show that the land use for electric power generation toward 2050 will increase about six times, from about 0.5 % to nearly 3.0 %, based on IEA targets. We investigate worldwide energy densities for ten different types of power generation facilities, two from non-renewable sources (i.e., nuclear and natural gas) and eight from renewable sources (i.e., hydro, solar CSP, solar PV, onshore wind, geothermal, offshore wind, tidal, and wave). In total, our study covers 871 electric power plants worldwide, where not only their energy density has been estimated but also their resulting environmental footprint. Based on the meta-analysis provided, this paper challenges the common notion that solar power is the most energy-dense renewable fuel by showing that hydro supersedes solar in terms of land use in certain regions of the world, depending on the topography.
Effect of Heat inactivation and bulk lysis on Real-Time Reverse Transcription PCR Detection of the SARS-COV-2: An Experimental Study
Authors: Leta Dereje Damesa , Gutema Gadisa Jebessa , Gebremichael Gebremedhin Hagos , Diriba Regasa , Bulti Gutema , Sura Tolewak , Ayana Desta , Chala Dawit , Lenjiso Boki , Bulti Jaleta , Abdella Saro , Hailu Habteyes Tola 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of heat inactivation and chemical bulklysis on SARS-CoV-2 detection. Results About 6.2% (5/80) of samples were changed to negative results in heat inactivation at 60°C and about 8.7% (7/80) of samples were changed to negative in heat inactivation at 100°C. The Ct values of heat-inactivated samples (at 60°C, at 100°C, and bulk lysis) were significantly different from the temperature at 56°C. The effect of heat on Ct value should be considered when interpreting diagnostic PCR results from clinical samples which could have an initial low virus concentration. The efficacy of heat-inactivation varies greatly depending on temperature and duration. Local validation of heat-inactivation and its effects is therefore essential for molecular testing.
High-order Nonnegative Blind Source Separation based on Edge Features
Authors: Zhao MingZhan , Zheng Weipeng , Lv Yingli , Du Chunmei , Wang Zhiliang , Xu Xiaojun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The edge feature-based Nonnegative Blind Source Separation (NBSS) proposed by us can make up for the shortcomings of the Minimum Volume Simplex (MVS) based algorithm that limits the shape of the scatterplot. In this paper, we design a high-order NBSS algorithm based on edge features. The algorithm adopts the twice projections, which avoids the aliasing phenomenon caused by the direct projection and effectively reduces the time complexity of dimensionality reduction. We searched for the coordinates of the density maximum points in the 2-D space, and gradually merged them into high-dimensional coordinates, which greatly reduced the complexity of the algorithm. Furthermore, we only make Boundedness and Nonnegativity assumptions about the source, which makes the algorithm more widely applicable.
Towards full clinical trial registration and results publication: longitudinal meta- research study in Northwestern and Central Switzerland
Authors: Klatte Katharina , Sluka Constantin , Gloy Viktoria , Heravi Ala Taji , Schönenberger Christof , Jones Nienke , Brunnschweiler Elena , Pauli-Magnus Christiane , Briel Matthias 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective: The registration of clinical trials is required by law in Switzerland. We investigated (1) the proportion of pro- and retrospectively registered clinical trials, (2) the availability of results for ethically approved trial protocols, (3) factors associated with increased registration, and (4) reasons for non-registration.Design and Setting: We included all clinical trials with mandatory prospective registration, which were approved by the ethics committee of Northwestern and Central Switzerland between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2020. Methods: We extracted relevant trial characteristics from the Swiss Business Administration System for Ethics Committees and systematically searched the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and primary trial registries for corresponding registry entries. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine the association between trial characteristics and registration. We qualitatively assessed reasons for non-registration of trials through an email questionnaire for trial investigators. Results: Of 473 included clinical trials, 432 (91 %) were registered at all and 371 (78%) were prospectively registered. While the percentages of registration and prospective registration of investigator-sponsored trials increased from 85% to 93% and from 70% to 81% over five years, respectively, industry-sponsored trials consistently remained at a high level of prospective registration (92% to 100%). Trials with multiple centres, higher risk category, or methodological support from the local clinical trials unit were independently associated with increased registration rates. Of 103 clinical trials completed before August 2020, results were available for 70% of industry-sponsored trials and 45% of investigator-sponsored trials as peer-reviewed journal publications or in trial registries. Most common reasons for non-registration provided by investigators were lack of time or resources (53%), lack of knowledge (22%), and lack of reminders by the ethics committee (36%).Conclusions: In Northwestern and Central Switzerland about 10% of clinical trials remained unregistered despite the obligation by law. More support for investigators and stricter enforcement by regulators are needed to improve the transparency of investigator-sponsored trials in particular.
The Influence of the River Flood Pulse on Floodplain Periphyton Assemblages
Authors: De Gallardo Kamela , Kaller Michael D. , Rutherford D. Allen , Kelso William E. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The Atchafalaya River Basin (ARB) in southcentral Louisiana, USA, is a structurally and biotically diverse floodplain of Atchafalaya River (AR), which is the largest distributary of the Mississippi River. Annual floodplain inundation facilitates the exchange of nutrients and organic material between the AR and its floodplain, giving rise to the high productivity of the river-floodplain system. Production within the ARB is driven by periphytic algae, phytoplankton, and aquatic macrophytes, however, very little is known about periphytic algal assemblages in floodplain systems or how the annual flooding impacts these assemblages. In this study, we use artificial substrate to sample periphytic algae bi-weekly (January 2019 – September 2019) from ARB sites with active river connections and from a permanently-isolated floodplain lake (Lake Verret). Our results showed that annual river flood pulses caused spatiotemporal shifts in periphytic algal assemblages in the ARB. Overall, ARB sites had a higher abundance of algal cells compared with non-ARB sites and community assemblage differed substantially. Specifically, in ARB sites with active river connections, total algal abundance was greater nearer to river inputs, particularly cyanobacteria and centric diatoms, and diatoms dominated the periphyton assemblages year-round. In contrast, the river-isolated lake was dominated largely by chlorophytes. In both isolated and connected systems, sites with heavy macrophyte cover showed increased abundances of euglenoids, chrysophytes, and xanthophytes. Shifts in periphytic algal assemblage due to floodplain alterations, such as the disconnection of a floodplain from its river source, could impact higher trophic levels and should be considered in future wetland management decisions.
Disturbance in Hebbian-like spinogenesis blunted learning-induced modulation in the number and spatial distribution of dendritic spines
Authors: Ferrer-Ferrer Maura , Jia Shaobo , Kaushik Rahul , Aleshin Stepan , Schneeberg Jenny , Mironov Andrey , Safari Motahareh , Frischknecht Renato , Senkov Oleg , Dityatev Alexander 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Neurotrypsin (NT) is a neuronal trypsin-like serine protease whose mutations cause severe mental retardation in humans. NT is activated by Hebbian-like conjunction of pre- and postsynaptic activities, which promotes the formation of dendritic filopodia via proteolytic cleavage of the proteoglycan agrin. Here, we investigated the functional importance of this mechanism for synaptic plasticity, learning and extinction of memory. We report that juvenile neurotrypsin-deficient (NT-/-) mice exhibit impaired long-term potentiation induced by a spaced stimulation protocol designed to probe the generation of new filopodia and their conversion into functional synapses. Behaviorally, juvenile NT-/- mice show impaired contextual fear memory and have a sociability deficit. The latter persists in aged NT-/- mice, which, unlike juvenile mice, show normal recall but impaired extinction of contextual fear memories. Structurally, juvenile mutants exhibit significantly reduced spine density in the CA1 region, fewer thin spines and no modulation in the number and spatial distribution of dendritic spines following fear conditioning and extinction in contrast to wild-type littermates. Spine loss in NT-/- mice is abrogated by in vivo delivery of adeno-associated virus expressing an NT-generated fragment of agrin, agrin-22, but not by a shorter fragment, agrin-15. Moreover, agrin-22 co-aggregates with pre- and postsynaptic terminals immunopositive for vesicular glutamate transporter 1 and postsynaptic density protein PSD95 and dramatically increases the size of synaptic puncta, suggesting that agrin-22 supports the growth and/or clustering of excitatory synapses in vivo.
Nomogram for Prediction of Prolonged Postoperative Ileus after Colorectal Resection
Authors: Lin Zhenmeng , Li Yangming , Wu Jiansheng , Zheng Huizhe , Yang Chunkang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) is a major complication in patients undergoing colorectal resection. The aim of this study was to analyze the risk factors contributing to PPOI, and to develop an effective nomogram to determine the risks of this population. Methods: A total of 1,233 patients with colorectal cancer who underwent radical colorectal resection at Fujian Cancer Hospital from March 2016 to August 2021 were enrolled as a training cohort in this study. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to determine the correlation between PPOI and clinicopathological characteristics. A nomogram predicting the incidence of PPOI was constructed. The cohort of 151 patients from Fujian Provincial Hospital were enrolled as a validation cohort. Internal and external validations were used to evaluate the prediction ability by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and a calibration plot. Results: In the training cohort, 125 patients (10.1%) had PPOI after colorectal resection. The independent predictive factors of PPOI were identified, and included gender, age, surgical approach, perioperative fluid overload and postoperative use of opioid analgesics. The AUC of nomogram were 0.788 (95% CI: 0.747-0.829) and 0.812(95% CI: 0.697-0.928) in the training and validation cohort, respectively. The two cohorts of calibration plots showed a good consistency between nomogram prediction and actual observation.Conclusions: A highly accurate nomogram was developed and validated in this study, which can be used to provide individual prediction of PPOI in patients after colorectal resection, and this predictive power can potentially assist surgeons to make the optimal treatment decisions.