bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A TNNI2 variant c.525G>T causes distal arthrogryposis in a Chinese family
Authors: Li Yue , Nong Tianying , Li Yiqiang , Li Xia , Li Zhaohui , Lv Hui , Xu Hongwen , Li Jingchun , Zhu Mingwei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundDistal arthrogryposis (DA) is a group of congenital autosomal‐dominant disorders secondary to defects in joint and muscle function, characterized by multiple joint contractures of the hands and feet. DA can be divided into 10 types according to clinical features. DA has been confirmed to be caused by mutations in genes encoding components of the contractile apparatus of skeletal muscle fibers, such as troponin I2 (TNNI2).MethodsIn this study, we report a three‐generation DA family belonging to the DA2B type. The clinical characteristics of affected members are genetically stable and consistent, with severe deformities in hands and feet, and two affected adults had short stature. None exhibited facial abnormalities. Blood from three affected and three healthy members were collected for whole‐exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing.ResultsA missense variant in TNNI2 (NM_003282.4: c.525G>T: p.K175N) was successfully identified, which resulted in the substitution of amino acid at position 175 of TNNI2 from lysine to asparagines.ConclusionThe variant c.525G>T in TNNI2 explains the cause of DA in the family. This variant was identified in Chinese people for the first time, and the same variant had been reported in another study but no description of clinical symptoms. Our study comprehensively characterized the c.525G>T variant in TNNI2.
Feasibility of oncology clinical trial‐embedded evaluation of social determinants of health
Authors: Aziz‐Bose Rahela , Zheng Daniel J. , Umaretiya Puja J. , Ilcisin Lenka , Stevenson Kristen , Koch Victoria , Valenzuela Ariana , Cole Peter D. , Gennarini Lisa M. , Kahn Justine M. , Kelly Kara M. , Tran Thai‐Hoa , Michon Bruno , Welch Jennifer J. G. , Silverman Lewis B. , Wolfe Joanne , Bona Kira 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSocial determinants of health (SDoH) are associated with stark disparities in cancer outcomes, but systematic SDoH data collection is virtually absent from oncology clinical trials. Trial‐based SDoH data are essential to ensure representation of marginalized populations, contextualize outcome disparities, and identify health‐equity intervention opportunities. We report the feasibility of a pediatric oncology multicenter therapeutic trial‐embedded SDoH investigation. Among 448 trial participants, 392 (87.5%) opted‐in to the embedded SDoH study; 375 (95.7%) completed baseline surveys, with high longitudinal response rates (88.9–93.1%) over 24 months. Trial‐embedded SDoH data collection is feasible and acceptable and must be consistently included within future oncology trials.
Effects of (i)a‐Si:H deposition temperature on high‐efficiency silicon heterojunction solar cells
Authors: Zhao Yifeng , Procel Paul , Smets Arno , Mazzarella Luana , Han Can , Yang Guangtao , Cao Liqi , Yao Zhirong , Weeber Arthur , Zeman Miro , Isabella Olindo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExcellent surface passivation induced by (i)a‐Si:H is critical to achieve high‐efficiency silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells. This is key for conventional single‐junction cell applications but also for bottom cell application in tandem devices. In this study, we investigated the effects of (i)a‐Si:H deposition temperature on passivation quality and SHJ solar cell performance. At the lower end of temperatures ranging from 140°C to 200°C, it was observed with Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) that (i)a‐Si:H films are less dense, thus hindering their surface passivation capabilities. However, with additional hydrogen plasma treatments (HPTs), those (i)a‐Si:H layers deposited at lower temperatures exhibited significant improvements and better passivation qualities than their counterparts deposited at higher temperatures. On the other hand, even though we observed the highest VOCs for cells with (i)a‐Si:H deposited at the lowest temperature (140°C), the related FFs are poorer as compared to their higher temperature counterparts. The optimum trade‐off between VOC and FF for the SHJ cells was found with temperatures ranging from 160°C to 180°C, which delivered independently certified efficiencies of 23.71%. With a further improved p‐layer that enables a FF of 83.3%, an efficiency of 24.18% was achieved. Thus, our study reveals two critical requirements for optimizing the (i)a‐Si:H layers in high‐efficiency SHJ solar cells: (i) excellent surface passivation quality to reduce losses induced by interface recombination and simultaneously (ii) less‐defective (i)a‐Si:H bulk to not disrupt the charge carrier collections.
Accepting but not engaging with it: Digital participation in local government‐run social credit systems in China
Authors: Li Haili , Kostka Genia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOver the past decade, China's central and municipal governments have consistently supported the development of social credit systems (SCSs). While research has highlighted the Chinese public's high approval and backing of SCSs, their engagement with these digital projects has not been fully explored. Based on 44 semi‐structured interviews, our research examines Chinese citizens' digital participation in government‐run SCSs at the local level. Our findings suggest that, despite perceiving SCSs as accepting and positive, most interviewees do not actively engage with local government‐run SCSs. Multiple factors can explain the gap between the high acceptance and low participation rates, including a lack of awareness regarding local SCSs, a perception that registering and maintaining a decent credit score requires major effort, various concerns involving data privacy and safety, algorithm accuracy and fairness, potential risks, unappealing benefits offered by SCSs, and the voluntary aspect of participating in local SCSs. Our research adds to the existing literature on digital governance in authoritarian contexts by explaining why Chinese citizens do not necessarily engage with state‐promoted digital projects.
Symmetry‐Protected Two‐Level System in the H3 Center Enabled by a Spin–Photon Interface: A Competitive Qubit Candidate for the NISQ Technology
Authors: Bian Guodong , Zhang Jixing , Xu Lixia , Fan Pengcheng , Li Mingxin , Wu Chenyu , Li Jichao , Wang Hailong , Zhang Qianfan , Cai Zhongyu , Yuan Heng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRecent technological advances in the noisy intermediate‐scale quantum (NISQ) era are promising. Optically addressable color centers in semiconductors can achieve spin localization and are the most promising spin qubit candidates for NISQ technologies. Exploring a suitable and scalable atomic‐like color center is a prerequisite in this context. Here, a symmetry‐protected two‐level system (qubit) derived from a set of naturally separated Bell states in the H3 center with C2v symmetry is characterized. The characterized qubit significantly reduces magnetic noise compared with a degenerate triplet in C3v systems for conventional qubits. The Hamiltonian, including the Coulomb interaction, spin–orbit coupling, and spin–spin interaction, is comprehensively developed using a combination of first‐principle calculations and group theory analyses. Consequently, an intrinsic spin–phonon interface embedded in an optical spin‐polarization loop can enable an effective interrogation of the information of the two‐level system. This study not only paves the way for developing further quantum information science applications utilizing the H3 center but also provides a competitive qubit candidate for the NISQ era.
Identification and functional analysis of shared gene signatures between systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögren's syndrome
Authors: Gao Zhaowei , Yang Lan , Liu Chong , Wang Xi , Zhang Huizhong , Dong Ke 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that can affect multiple systems. Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease that may be primary SS (pSS) or occur together with other autoimmune diseases, including SLE. This study aimed to explore the shared gene signatures in SLE and pSS.MethodsGene expression data sets of SLE (GSE50772 and GSE81622) and pSS (GSE84844 and GSE48378) were obtained and analyzed for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were carried out for the DEGs.ResultsWe screened 232 and 110 DEGs from the SLE and pSS data sets, respectively. We found 32 shared DEGs, which were all upregulated in patients compared with controls. Among these 32 DEGs, 11 genes showed a more than twofold change in all data sets (IFI27, IFI44L, RSAD2, IFIT1, IFI44, USP18, IFI6, HERC5, EPSTI1, OAS1, and OAS3). PPI analysis showed that 29 genes interacted with each other. GO analysis showed that these 32 shared DEGs were mainly enriched in biological processes associated with the type I interferon signaling pathway, defense response to viruses, response to viruses, negative regulation of viral genome replication, and the immune response. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis showed that these 32 DEGs were related to virus infection.ConclusionThis study showed that alterations to biological processes associated with the response to virus infection play critical roles in both SLE and pSS.
How considering memory as an analogy to preparedness reveals its weaknesses
Authors: Heino Ossi , Huotari Vesa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThreats that fully escape our attention pose a potential, but also a true and invisible, danger to us. They should stand out as the main concern for practitioners who are responsible for the state and level of preparedness. However, to address them, we should first grasp them as pure possibilities. Figuring them out requires tools. This article introduces analogies as a potential tool for this task and analyses the concept of preparedness itself with it. By using memory as a source analogy, the article enables us to consider preparedness as a potential source of vulnerability—it reveals how we can help ourselves in becoming better prepared by scrutinizing the current practices by systematically analyzing the presumptions underpinning them. The vulnerabilities that are most likely to escape our attention are the ones that have become a constitutive part of our very thinking of preparedness. Better preparedness without a systematically and thoroughly scrutinized concept of preparedness will never be able to fulfill the promise it signals to the public. This article outlines one way to pursue such an understanding and employs it as well.
Human Cell‐Camouflaged Nanomagnetic Scavengers Restore Immune Homeostasis in a Rodent Model with Bacteremia
Authors: Park Sung Jin , Kwon Seyong , Lee Min Seok , Jang Bong Hwan , Guzmán‐Cedillo Axel E. , Kang Joo H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBloodstream infection caused by antimicrobial resistance pathogens is a global concern because it is difficult to treat with conventional therapy. Here, scavenger magnetic nanoparticles enveloped by nanovesicles derived from blood cells (MNVs) are reported, which magnetically eradicate an extreme range of pathogens in an extracorporeal circuit. It is quantitatively revealed that glycophorin A and complement receptor (CR) 1 on red blood cell (RBC)‐MNVs predominantly capture human fecal bacteria, carbapenem‐resistant (CR)Escherichia coli, and extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamases‐positive (ESBL‐positive)E. coli, vancomycin‐intermediateStaphylococcus aureus(VISA), endotoxins, and proinflammatory cytokines in human blood. Additionally, CR3 and CR1 on white blood cell‐MNVs mainly contribute to depleting the virus envelope proteins of Zika, SARS‐CoV‐2, and their variants in human blood. Supplementing opsonins into the blood significantly augments the pathogen removal efficiency due to its combinatorial interactions between pathogens and CR1 and CR3 on MNVs. The extracorporeal blood cleansing enables full recovery of lethally infected rodent animals within 7 days by treating them twice in series. It is also validated that parameters reflecting immune homeostasis, such as blood cell counts, cytokine levels, and transcriptomics changes, are restored in blood of the fatally infected rats after treatment.
Self‐Powered Smart Gloves Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerators
Authors: Shen Sophia , Xiao Xiao , Yin Junyi , Xiao Xiao , Chen Jun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe hands are used in all facets of daily life, from simple tasks such as grasping and holding to complex tasks such as communication and using technology. Finding a way to not only monitor hand movements and gestures but also to integrate that data with technology is thus a worthwhile task. Gesture recognition is particularly important for those who rely on sign language to communicate, but the limitations of current vision‐based and sensor‐based methods, including lack of portability, bulkiness, low sensitivity, highly expensive, and need for external power sources, among many others, make them impractical for daily use. To resolve these issues, smart gloves can be created using a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), a self‐powered technology that functions based on the triboelectric effect and electrostatic induction and is also cheap to manufacture, small in size, lightweight, and highly flexible in terms of materials and design. In this review, an overview of the existing self‐powered smart gloves will be provided based on TENGs, both for gesture recognition and human‐machine interface, concluding with a discussion on the future outlook of these devices.
“Predators of Emotions”: The Role of School Assessment Policies in English Language Teachers' Emotion Labor
Authors: Nazari Mostafa , Molana Khazar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEmotion labor is expecting individuals to display institutionally‐accepted emotional behaviors. This study examined the role of school assessment policies in 13 Iranian English language teachers' emotion labor in a private language school. To this end, data were collected from semi‐structured interviews and narrative frames. Data analyses revealed three major themes in relation to the teachers' assessment‐related emotion labor: Constrained assessment agency, resilience in assessment, and the significance of heeding assessment emotions. The study shows that top‐down policies of the school created emotional conflicts for the teachers, yet such policies in turn motivated the teachers to invest more in implementing assessment techniques that respond to their own and students' needs. The findings are discussed in light of contextual particularities of assessment, which are linked to power and dominant discourses shaping teachers' assessment‐related emotion labor. Based on the findings, we provide implications for policymakers and teacher educators to pay more focal attention to teachers' assessment emotions and emotion labor.
Perceived and experienced constraint negotiation: do first‐time elk hunters know what they are in for?
Authors: Gruntorad Matthew P. , Chizinski Christopher J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOpportunities to hunt big game species such as elk (Cervus canadensis) are often rationed through a lottery permit system when demand for permits exceeds the population's ability to sustain harvest levels. We conducted a survey of elk hunters and would‐be elk hunters in the summer of 2016 to compare elk‐hunting constraints among 3 groups of individuals. Groups consisted of 1) individuals who possessed a landowner hunting permit at some point between 2011 and 2016 (Landowner), 2) individuals who did not possess a landowner permit but did possess a general hunting permit between 2011 and 2016 (General), and 3) individuals who had not possessed a Nebraska elk‐hunting permit of any kind between 2011 and 2016 but had attempted to draw a permit from the lottery system at least once during these years (Lottery). We used latent class regression to classify survey participants based on their responses to 7 questions related to constraints to elk hunting that were either experienced (Landowner and General) or perceived (Lottery) on a 5‐point scale (Strongly Disagree to Strongly Agree). Probability of latent class membership was estimated for each hunter group. Latent class regression revealed 6 latent classes with Landowner participants most likely to belong to classes who exhibited the least difficulty negotiating all constraints. General and Lottery participants were most likely to fall into classes exhibiting more difficulty negotiating constraints related to interactions with property owners for permissions to hunt on their land. Our findings can assist policy makers and managers with tailoring lottery permit systems, particularly in locations where most of the hunting opportunity is restricted to privately owned land.
Efficacy of secondary electric fences at preventing direct contact among white‐tailed deer
Authors: Khouri Renée M. , Wagner Donald C. , Walter W. David 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFree‐ranging and captive cervid herds are at risk for chronic wasting disease transmission from direct contacts at fences, so we explored the use of a secondary electric fence to prevent contacts in white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Using a captive herd of white‐tailed deer in Pennsylvania, USA, we tested the efficacy of two electric fence designs (one three‐strand and one six‐strand) constructed along separate primary fence lines (each composed of 20 m of chain link and 20 m of woven wire fencing) dividing paddocks of captive deer. From June to November 2019, we conducted three trials of variable lengths to assess how season, age, and sex impacted behavior and motivation of deer to breach the electric fence. When no electric fence was in place, we observed 117 direct contacts through woven wire and chain link fences. With the electric fences in place, we observed electric fence breaches (which led to direct contact between deer) by weaned fawns (37 breaches, 4 direct contacts) and males in the mid‐ and late‐rut (2 breaches, 1 direct contact). The majority of breaches occurred across the three‐strand‐fence. Our results suggest that no style of primary fence alone is sufficient to prevent direct contacts and that the addition of a secondary, properly designed electric fence constructed along the primary fence of captive white‐tailed deer facilities could prevent direct contact between captive and free‐ranging deer.
Application of the Kovacic algorithm for the investigation of motion of a heavy rigid body with a fixed point in the Hess case
Authors: Bardin Boris S. , Kuleshov Alexander S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn 1890, Hess found new special case of integrability of Euler–Poisson equations of motion of a heavy rigid body with a fixed point. In 1892, Nekrasov proved that the solution of the problem of motion of a heavy rigid body with a fixed point under Hess conditions reduces to integrating the second‐order linear differential equation. In this paper, the corresponding linear differential equation is derived and its coefficients are presented in the rational form. Using the Kovacic algorithm, we proved that the Liouvillian solutions of the corresponding second‐order linear differential equation exist only in the case, when the moving rigid body is the Lagrange top, or in the case, when the constant of the area integral is zero.
Mapping SYK to the sky
Authors: Pasterski Sabrina , Verlinde Herman 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The infrared behavior of gravity in 4D asymptotically flat spacetime exhibits a rich set of symmetries. This has led to a proposed holographic duality between the gravitational $$ \mathcal{S} $$
S
-matrix and a dual field theory living on the celestial sphere. Most of our current understanding of the dictionary relies on knowledge of the 4D bulk. As such, identifying intrinsic 2D models that capture the correct symmetries and soft dynamics of 4D gravity is an active area of interest. Here we propose that a 2D generalization of SYK provides an instructive toy model for the soft limit of the gravitational sector in 4D asymptotically flat spacetime. We find that the symmetries and soft dynamics of the 2D SYK model capture the salient features of the celestial theory: exhibiting chaotic dynamics, conformal invariance, and a w1+∞ symmetry. The holographic map from 2D SYK operators to the 4D bulk employs the Penrose twistor transform.
Genetic and morphometric variation in Schwarziana quadripunctata and Schwarziana mourei (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini)
Authors: Oi C. A. , Oliveira-Silva R. A. , Francoy T. M. , Imperatriz-Fonseca V. L. , Del Lama M. A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSchwarzianabees are a ground-nesting stingless bee distributed in the Neotropical region.Schwarziana quadripunctatawas the first described and the most studied species of this genus. Now, there are four valid species ofSchwarzianabees, but it has been suggested that the diversity of this taxon may be higher, due to undescribed cryptic species. In this study, we investigated the populational diversity ofS. quadripunctatausing workers collected at 11 localities in Brazil (from the Northeast to South region). We also included one population ofS. mourei(collected in São Paulo state, 2 nests). We analysed the bees using geometric morphometrics and molecular analyses amplifying mtDNA cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and 16S to access the diversity among the populations. From the results of geometric morphometrics, the Mahalanobis distances betweenS. moureiandS. quadripunctataare greater than those distances amongS. quadripunctatapopulations. A similar scenario can also be observed looking to the phylogenetic tree generated by the molecular markers. Morphometry and molecular markers data showed significant association with geographic distance, indicating the existence of intrapopulation variation inS. quadripunctata. Our hypothesis was supported, that the populations ofS. quadripunctatashowed differences in haplotypic diversity. Overall, these analyses revealed a moderate level of intraspecific variation amongS. quadripunctatapopulations and discriminated well the speciesS. quadripunctatafromS. mourei.