bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randolph Bourne and the Politics of Cultural Radicalism
Authors: Vaughan Leslie J. 
Published: April 2022

In the "little rebellion" that swept New York's Greenwich Village before World War I, few figures stood out more than Randolph Bourne. Hunchbacked and caped—the "little sparrowlike man" of Dos Passos' U.S.A.—Bourne was an essayist and critic most remembered today for his opposition to U.S. military involvement in Europe and his assertion that "war is the health of the state." A frequent contributor to The New Republic, he died in 1918 at the age of 32, arguing that a "military-industrial" complex would continue to shape the policies of the modern liberal state.Bourne is also recognized as one of the founders of American cultural radicalism, revered in turn by Marxists, anti-fascists, and the New Left. Through his writings, he debated issues that were cultural as well as political from a position he described as "below the battle," rejecting the either/or political options of his day in favor of a viewpoint that argued outside the terms set by the establishment.In her new study of Bourne's political thought, Leslie Vaughan maintains that this position was not, as others have contended, a retreat from politics but rather a different form of political engagement, freed from the suppositions that impede genuine debate and democratic change. Her analysis challenges previous readings of Bourne's politics, showing that he offered non-statist, neighborhood-based politics in America's modern cities as a practical alternative to involvement in the national state and its militarism.By demonstrating Bourne's emphasis on politics as local, multi-ethnic, and intergenerational, Vaughan shows that his thought offered a new political discourse and set of cultural possibilities for American society in an era he was the first to label as "post-modern." Returning to the influence of Nietzsche on his thought, she also explores the role Bourne played in the creation of his own myth.Eighty years later, Bourne can be seen to stand at the cusp of the modern and the post-modern worlds, as he speaks to today's multiculturalist movement. In reexamining Bourne's writings, Vaughan has located the roots of twenthieth-century radical thought while repositioning Bourne at the center of debates about the nature and limits of American liberalism.
The Political Theory of Conservative Economists
Authors: Waligorski Conrad P. 
Published: April 2022

It’s difficult to overstate the impact of conservative economics on American life. The conservative thought of economists like Milton Friedman, James Buchanan, and Friedrick Hayek has provided the conceptual framework that undergirds nearly every aspect of current U.S. social-economic policy. Although a great deal has been written about the economic theories of these Nobel Prize-winning economists, this study is the first to examine the political theory that underlies conservative economics and its implications for public policy.Long associated with the “Chicago” and “public choice” schools of thought, Friedman, Buchanan, Hayek, and others have consistently repudiated Keynesian principles. They have steadfastly opposed social welfare policies and regulation of private enterprise, championing instead the free market as a mechanism for ordering society.In this book Conrad Waligorski analyzes the political content of the conservative economists’ arguments. In so doing, he illuminates the political, economic, and philosophical ideas behind and justification for the laissez-faire policy—the reduced regulation, intervention, and welfare favored by conservative governments in the United States, Canada, and Britain.
Чаеподобные напитки: химический состав, антиоксидантная активность и их влияние на здоровье человека
Authors: Яшин Яков Иванович , Черноусова Нина Ивановна , Яшин Александр Яковлевич 
Published: April 2022

В обзоре обобщены опубликованные сведения о наиболее широко употребляемых чаеподобных напитках (иван – чай, мате, каркаде, ройбуш): их химический состав, антиоксидантная активность и влияние на здоровье человека. Химический состав определен, в основном, методом ВЭЖХ и УВЭЖХ с использованием разных методов экстракции. Все чаеподобные напитки содержат разные полифенолы – антиоксиданты: флавоноиды (кверцетин, кемпферол, мирицетин, рутин и их гликозиды) и фенольные кислоты (галловая, феруловая, кофейная, хлорогеновая, протокатехиновая и антоцианины делфидина и цианидина). Известными методами (ORAC, ABTS, DDPH) оценена их антиоксидантная активность. За счет высокой антиоксидантной активности эти напитки обладают разнообразными оздоровительными эффектами, даже тормозят развитие опасных болезней: сердечно – сосудистых, онкологических и вирусных.
Нами измерена их антиоксидантная активность амперометрическим способом и сопоставлена с антиоксидантной активностью настоящих зеленых и черных чаев разных стран. Методом ВЭЖХ с амперометрическим детектором получены профильные хроматограммы в одинаковых условиях, которые удобны для сопоставления этих напитков. Суммарное содержание площадей всех пиков, записанных амперометрическим детектором, может служить мерой антиоксидантной активности, т.е. амперометрический детектор регистрирует селективно только антиоксиданты. Не антиоксиданты он не определяет вообще. Наибольшую антиоксидантную активность имеют напитки мате и иван – чай.
Приведены краткие сведения о других менее известных чаеподобных напитках: кудин, лапачо, тибетский чай, гречишный чай, курильский чай, конопляный чай, артишоковый чай, туарегский чай, пурпурный чай, гималайский чай и другие. Во многих странах имеются свои национальные чаеподобные напитки на основе лекарственных трав. Много напитков травяных и фруктовых есть в продаже. Нужно отметить, что в настоящие чаи добавляют разные другие лекарственные травы и фрукты: жасмин, бергамот и многие другие. Цель настоящего краткого обзора ознакомить читателей с опубликованными сведениями об этих напитках. Авторы надеются, что приведенные сведения будут полезны для многих людей. Они могут выбрать наиболее полезные чаеподобные напитки для личного потребления.
Получение и исследование структурно-поверхностных и сорбционных свойств слоистых двойных гидроксидов магния и алюминия, модифицированных полиэтиленгликолем
Authors: Копкова Елена Константиновна , Майоров Дмитрий Владимирович , Кондратенко Татьяна Владимировна 
Published: April 2022

Слоистые двойные гидроксиды благодаря своему разнообразию, возможности целенаправленного изменения свойств и невысокой стоимости являются высоко востребованными продуктами и широко используются в качестве носителей катализаторов и лекарственных препаратов, ионообменников, нанореакторов, адсорбентов и др. В каталитических и адсорбционных процессах большую роль играют такие характеристики материалов, как их удельные поверхность и объем пор. Существует много методов, направленных на получения веществ, в том числе гидроксидов, с развитой поверхностью. Например, синтез в присутствии различных добавок (полигликолей, лимонной кислоты и др.), сушка синтезированных традиционными методами веществ в сверхкритических условиях и др.
В настоящей статье приведены результаты исследований по изучению структурно-поверхностных и сорбционных свойств слоистых двойных гидроксидов магния и алюминия (Mg-Al СДГ), полученных методом твердофазного взаимодействия кристаллогидратов AlCl3×6H2O, MgCl2×6H2O и карбоната аммония. С использованием методов РФА, химического анализа, БЭТ и BJH исследовано влияние присутствия на стадии синтеза высокомолекулярного поверхностно-активного вещества – полиэтиленгликоля (ПЭГ-400), а также промывки синтезированного образца Mg-Al СДГ этанолом и ацетоном на структурно-поверхностные (удельная поверхность и объем пор, распределение пор по их диаметру и др.) и сорбционные свойства синтезированных образцов.
Установлено, что применение ПЭГ-400 при синтезе Mg-Al СДГ приводит к увеличению их удельных поверхности и объема пор в 3.5 и 2 раза соответственно. Последующая промывка синтезированных образцов этанолом или ацетоном приводит к дополнительному повышению этих показателей в ~3.5 раза: с 105 до 370-420 м2/г и с 0.23 до 0.83-0.93 см3/г.
Результаты исследований сорбции азота синтезированными образцами Mg-Al СДГ обработаны с помощью линейной формы уравнения БЭТ. Показано, что как индивидуальное использование ПЭГ-400, так и последующее применение этанола или ацетона при промывке позволяет существенно (с 0.3 до 1.1 и 3.8-4.2 ммоль N2/г соответственно) увеличить емкость адсорбционного монослоя продуктов и не оказывает существенного влияния на механизм процесса сорбции, о чем свидетельствует незначительное изменение значений энергии Гиббса в процессе сорбции.
The real practice of clinical and economic research of drugs included in the Federal Program of High-Cost Nosologies
Authors: Kolbin A. S. , Gomon Yu. M. , Kasimova A. R. , Kurylev A. A. , Bem A. E. 
Published: April 2022

Objective: to assess the compliance of the actual practice of conducting clinical and economic research with the requirements applicable in the Russian Federation (RF) when including drugs in the Federal Program of High-Cost Nosologies (HCN).Material and methods. In the CyberLeninka and eLibrary databases, a search was made for clinical and economic studies of medicines included in the HCN list published in the RF in the period from 2011 to June 2021.Results. Information was obtained on 23 published clinical and economic studies of the effectiveness of drugs, which is less than 30% of all drugs included in the HCN program during the specified period. More than half of the studies of chronic disabling diseases had a modeling horizon of 1 year. The sensitivity analysis of the results in over 1/3 of cases considered only the deviation of the price of the strategies under consideration, and in a quarter of cases it was not carried out at all. Only 4 studies evaluated the increase in quality-adjusted life year, although, for chronic disabling diseases, quality of life is one of the key performance indicators.Conclusion. In the RF, less than 30% of the results of pharmacoeconomical studies of drugs included in the HCN Program are published, which does not allow to make adequate evaluation of pharmacoeconomical approaches to its formation. To analyze the effectiveness of the tools used in assessing the economic efficiency of expensive medical technologies, a further retrospective research of the studies conducted in the RF is required.
Pharmacoeconomic analysis of using Monofer in patients with iron deficiency anemia as part of the provision of medical care under the state guarantees program in the health care system of the Russian Federation
Authors: Yagudina R. I. , Kulikov A. Yu. , Serpik V. G. , Gromova O. A. , Torshin I. Yu. 
Published: April 2022

Objective: comparative pharmacoeconomic analysis of iron preparations for intravenous infusion in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) within the concept of patient blood management program.Material and methods. A retrospective pharmacoeconomic study was carried out using methods of analysis of efficiency, costs and costeffectiveness. Comparison of preparations of oligoisomaltose iron [III] (Monofer) and carboxymaltose iron [III] (Ferinject®) was carried out.Results. In general, Monofer and Ferinject® are characterized by comparable efficacy in terms of hematological response. Using a dosiological model of an increase in hemoglobin blood levels over time in treatment with the drugs under consideration the frequencies of the hematological response were calculated (Monofer – 79%, Ferinject® – 70%). The cost of treating one patient with an average body weight of 88.3 kg and an initial hemoglobin level of 100 g/l was 13,097 rubles for Monofer and 15,681 rubles for Ferinject®. The values of the cost-effectiveness indicator calculated in accordance with the criterion of the effectiveness of the hematological response amounted to 16,578 rubles (Monofer) and 22,402 rubles (Ferinject®), which allows to consider Monofer as strictly preferred. With the colorectal surgery as an example, it has been shown that the use of this drug in patients blood management can reduce the total cost of treatment (in particular, by reducing the required number of portions of red blood cells).Conclusion. The wider use of iron preparations for intravenous infusion in IDA has reasonable economic advantages. The preparation of oligoisomaltose iron Monofer is strictly preferred in relation to the preparation of carboxymaltose iron.
Pharmacoeconomic analysis of the application of follitropin alfa in combination with assisted reproductive technologies
Authors: Perova K. A. , Shchurov D. G. , Blinov D. V. , Bashmakova N. V. , Musina N. Z. 
Published: April 2022

Objective: to evaluate clinical-economic feasibility and impact of follitropin alfa on the state healthcare budget of the Russian Federation in the population of women with diagnosed infertility and poor ovarian response, who undergo treatment with assisted reproductive technologies (ART).Material and methods. A cost minimization analysis to evaluate clinical-economic feasibility of follitropin alfa in women with infertility and poor ovarian response who underwent ART was performed. The model of the budget impact analysis included the costs required for the ovarian stimulation of patients distributed by various variants of their management. The current practice involved the application only of fixed dose combinations (FDC) of follitropin alfa + lutropin alfa. The expected practice suggested a change in the approach by shifting 25% of patients with poor ovarian response from FDC of follitropin alfa + lutropin alfa to follitropin alfa. A time horizon of modeling was 1 year.Results. The cost minimization analysis demonstrated that the application of drug with international nonproprietary name follitropin alfa is characterized by the cost cut of 12,020 rubles (–21.56%) per patient compared with FDС of follitropin alpha + lutropin alpha. The results of budget impact analysis showed that a shift of 25% of population from FDC of follitropin alfa + lutropin alfa to follitropin alfa could cut direct medical costs by 7.96 million rubles per year (–5.39%).Conclusion. Evaluation of clinical-economic feasibility and budget impact analysis showed that the application of follitropin alfa during ovarian stimulation in women with infertility and poor ovarian response leads to a decrease in budget expenses.
Case of lactacidosis in acute kidney damage and metformin therapy
Authors: Alekseenko Olga V. , Kovalchuk Evgeniy Yu. , Risev Alexandr V. , Sergeeva Anastasiya M. , Lapickiy Alexey V. 
Published: April 2022

Тhe article provides a clinical observation of the development of a rare pathological condition of lactic acidosis in a patient with acute kidney injury while taking metformin and confirms the need for timely determination of blood lactate.
Тhe clinical case confirms that the development of lactic acidosis in a patient with diabetes mellitus may have a mixed etiology and be associated not only with the use of metformin, but also with the presence of tissue hypoxia, exposure to an infectious process, and impaired renal function.
The development of lactic acidosis is associated with an increase in secretion and / or a decrease in the rate of excretion of lactate, which is expressed in a state of metabolic acidosis and severe cardiovascular insufficiency. The development of lactic acidosis is most often associated with the presence of renal and / or hepatic insufficiency, diabetes mellitus, lung pathology, macromicrocirculation disorders, and hemoglobin function defects, the treatment with biguanide drugs (metformin). Diagnosis of lactic acidosis is based on the data from a biochemical blood test and electrolyte parameters the concentration of blood plasma lactate, the study of acid-base state of the blood and anion gap.
The Role of Social Media in the Transition from a Sustainable Environment to Decent Work: The Case of Street Collectors in Turkey
Authors: CANTÜRK Safure 
Published: April 2022

Recycling practices, which are an indispensable part of the sustainable development model in developing
countries within the scope of combating climate change, brought the issue of waste collection and street
collection to the agenda. In developing countries like Turkey, where source separation is impossible, street
collection has become a vital participant in the recycling market. This research examines the impacts of the
economic worth of recyclable wastes on the social status of street collectors and their transfer to a decent
work environment, as well as the function of the media in this transition. After reviewing the literature
and legislation, this article applies content analysis on the relevant social media posts between the date
of October 3, 2021, when the local governments in Istanbul made a police raid on street collectors, and
October 30, 2021, when the street collectors issue was on the agenda. As a consequence of the increased
social and environmental awareness caused by climate change on a global scale, the legislative arrangements
made at the national level have enabled the waste to gain economic value. The organized street collectors’
defence of their rights and public announcement of their grievances through their representatives under
the pressure of local governments had a societal impact on social media and entered into politicians’ and
government’s agendas. Accordingly, in the past, perceptions of street collectors as “dirty”, “criminal”, and
“poor” all of which were directly related with poverty in society, have been replaced by perceptions of
“environmental protection”, “worker who earns their bread” and “zero waste stakeholder”. The analysis
shows that 79% of Twitter user shares support street collectors and view the police raid negatively. On the
other hand, only 2% of the users see the police raid as necessary for “maintaining public order”. As a result,
sustainable environmental policies carried out within the scope of combating climate change have improved the economic situation of street collectors, positively affecting their organization and the improvement of
decent work environments. These developments have affected street collectors to increase their visibility in
the media and change their social perceptions positively.
To study the effect of early zinc supplementation on growth of low birth weight infants- A randomised control trial
Authors: Gaikwad Sarika , Patel Jaikumar , Kundalwal Ashwini 
Published: April 2022

The present study was carried out with aim to study the effect of early zinc supplementation on growth of low birth weight infants — A randomised control trial in the Department of Paediatrics at Government Medical College and Hospital, to study effect of zinc supplementation on LBW infants. The registered subjects were then randomized into Intervention (Group I, Case) and Non-Intervention (Group II, control) groups using computer generated random number technique. Cases (Group I) were given zinc supplements Syrup Zinc acetate (Syp. Zinconia 5ml=20mg) 2mg/kg single dose in morning at 8 a.m. daily and multivitamins drops 10 drops per day (Vit.A 375 µg, Vit.B1-B6, Vit.D 5µg) for duration of 6 weeks and Controls (Group II) were given multivitamins drops (Vit.A 375 µg, Vit.B1-B6, Vit.D 5µg) 10 drops per day for duration of 6 weeks.There was no significant difference in cases and controls in respect to males and females. No significant difference (p value &#62;0.05) in pattern of intrauterine growth in cases and controls.Fifty percent of our study subjects in both group were of weight more than 1400 grams.Zinc had significant effect on weight gain of pre-terms (AGA and SGA) and term AGA only at the end of 6 weeks. There was only significant effect on length in mean difference at 6 weeks when compared to at 48 hours. There was highly significant difference in supplement group (cases) in weight/length at 6 weeks with minimal or insignificant effect on chest circumference and head circumference.
Metonimija kot konceptualni in jezikovni fenomen
Authors: Bernjak Elizabeta , Fabčič Melanija Larisa 
Published: April 2022

Prispevek obravnava pojem metonimije z vidika kognitivne lingvistike. Metonimija je bila (skupaj z metaforo) tradicionalno pojmovana kot »jezikovni okras«, v javnosti je še vedno živa misel, da normalni ljudje v vsakdanji jezikovni rabi ne uporabljajo metonimičnih izrazov, kar seveda ne drži. Metonimične izraze mnogi smatrajo za neke vrste jezikovno deviacijo, saj v njih besed ne uporabljamo v pričakovanem dobesednem pomenu. V vsakdanji jezikovni rabi se govorcem ne zdi nenavadno, če slišijo ali izrečejo metonimične izraze, na videz brez težav razumejo povedi, ki bi lahko bili v dobesednem pomenu nesmiselni: Prebrati moram Cankarja. Mleko se je prevrnilo. Avtobusi stavkajo. Pri navedenih »nedobesedno« rabljenih izrazih obstaja med običajno referenco izbranega jezikovnega izraza in vsebino, ki jo nameravamo izraziti, odnos bližine. V prispevku pojmujemo metonimijo kot kognitivno-lingvistični fenomen.
Funkcija in pomen metafor v medicini z vidika kognitivnega jezikoslovja
Authors: Fabčič Melanija Larisa , Bernjak Elizabeta 
Published: April 2022

Kognitivistični pristop k teoriji metafore izhaja iz spoznanja, da je metafora del človekovega konceptualnega sistema in šele drugotno tudi jezika, saj se v njem zrcalijo mentalni procesi. Metafora je torej prvina spoznavanja in zato nepogrešljiva v znanosti in njenem izrazju, tudi v medicini. Ena izmed najopaznejših značilnosti medicinskega diskurza je terminologija, ki ima poimenovalno (nominativno) in spoznavno (kognitivno) funkcijo. Tako kot drugi jezikovni izrazi se tudi strokovni izrazi oblikujejo v procesu konceptualizacije, tj. na podlagi konceptualnih metafor, ki se v procesu simbolizacije jezikovno realizirajo. Na podlagi analize izbranih zgledov iz medicinskih besedil postuliramo, da je metafora univerzalno prisotna tudi v medicinskem diskurzu. Metaforični medicinski termini imajo posebne konceptualne pomene tako za strokovnjake kot tudi za laike, ko postanejo del splošnega terminološkega inventarja, ki je tesno povezan z življenjem posameznika in skupnosti.
Vloga Jovana Cvijića v ugodnem razpletu borbe za slovenske severne meje in njegov vpliv na slovensko geografijo
Authors: Josipovič Damir 
Published: April 2022

Vpliv Jovana Cvijića na današnjo podobo slovenske nacije, njene geografske in prostorske razsežnosti, vključno z določanjem meje v prostoru in času, kot tudi znaten vpliv njegove znanstvene širine na vodilne slovenske geografe srede 20. stoletja je v Sloveniji skoraj neznan in zato neprepoznan. Zato članek najprej predstavlja institucionalizacijo slovenskega izobraževalnega sistema in vzpostavitev geografije kot samostojne discipline v relaciji do formiranja današnjega slovenskega državnega ozemlja. V tem kontekstu nato opredeljuje okoliščine lingvističnega združevanja štirih različnih in ločenih regionalnih jezikovnih standardov v enega, ki bo jasno ločen od drugih neslovanskih sosedov, ne pa tudi od slovanskega zaledja. Prispevek analizira zgodovinsko vlogo in pomen Jovana Cvijića v procesu izgrajevanja slovenskih državnih meja, posebej severnih, pa tudi v odnosu do takratnih etno-psiholoških opredelitev populacij in njihovega svojstvenega razmejevanja. In končno, prispevek ocenjuje Cvijićev vpliv na disciplinarno formacijo slovenskih geografov.