bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in Uveal Melanoma Presentation and Survival During Five Decades: A Nationwide Survey of 3898 Swedish Patients
Authors: Gill Viktor , Herrspiegel Christina , Sabazade Shiva , Fili Maria , Bergman Louise , Damato Bertil , Seregard Stefan , Stålhammar Gustav 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundIn contrast to most other cancers, uveal melanoma (UM) is characterized by an absence of major improvements in patient survival during the last several decades. In this study, we examine changes in incidence rates, patient age and tumor size at diagnosis, treatment practices and survival for patients diagnosed in Sweden during the period 1960–2010.MethodsAll patients diagnosed with posterior UM between January 1st, 1960, and December 31st, 2009, in Sweden, were included (n = 3898). Trends in incidence, primary treatment modality, patient age and tumor size were analyzed. Disease-specific survival was plotted in Kaplan–Meier curves and the cumulative incidence of UM-related mortality was evaluated in competing risk analysis.ResultsCrude (6.5–11.6 cases/million/year) and age-standardized incidence rates (5.6–9.6 cases/million/year) varied between individual years during the study period, but both had a stable linear trend overall (p ≥ 0.12). Gradually, plaque brachytherapy with ruthenium-106 replaced enucleation as the most common primary treatment. The mean patient age at diagnosis increased from 59.8 years in 1960 to 66.0 in 2009. Conversely, the mean tumor size became gradually smaller during the period. In linear regression, the basal diameter and tumor apical thickness decreased with a slope coefficient of −0.03 mm (p = 0.012) and −0.05 mm (p = 1.2 × 10–5) per year after 1960, respectively. Patients diagnosed after 1990 had significantly better disease-specific survival than patients diagnosed before 1990 (p = 2.0 × 10–17). Similarly, the cumulative incidence of UM-related mortality was highest for patients diagnosed 1960–1969 and 1970–1979, with slightly lower incidences for patients diagnosed 1980–1989 and even lower for those diagnosed after 1990 (p = 7.1 × 10–13). The incidence of mortality from other causes than UM did not differ between periods (p = 0.16).ConclusionIn the period from 1960–2010, crude and age-standardized incidence rates of UM have remained stable in Sweden. Several other aspects have changed: Plaque brachytherapy with ruthenium-106 has replaced enucleation as the most common primary treatment modality; patients have become older and their tumors smaller at the time of diagnosis; and their survival has improved. This might indicate a beneficial survival effect of earlier diagnosis and treatment, but the potential influence from lead-time bias should be taken into consideration.
Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Hippocampal Atrophy, Not Cortical Thinning, Occurs in Amyloid-Negative, p-Tau-Positive, Older Adults With Non-Amyloid Pathology and Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Rane Levendovszky Swati 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative disease characterized by pathological accumulation of amyloid and phosphorylated tau. Typically, the early stage of AD, also called mild cognitive impairment (MCI), shows amyloid pathology. A small but significant number of individuals with MCI do not exhibit amyloid pathology but have elevated phosphorylated tau levels (A-T+ MCI). We used CSF amyloid and phosphorylated tau to identify the individuals with A+T+ and A-T+ MCI as well as cognitively normal (A-T-) controls. To increase the sample size, we leveraged the Global Alzheimer's Association Interactive Network and identified 137 MCI+ and 61 A-T+ MCI participants. We compared baseline and longitudinal, hippocampal, and cortical atrophy between groups.MethodsWe applied ComBat harmonization to minimize site-related variability and used FreeSurfer for all measurements.ResultsHarmonization reduced unwanted variability in cortical thickness by 3.4% and in hippocampal volume measurement by 10.3%. Cross-sectionally, widespread cortical thinning with age was seen in the A+T+ and A-T+ MCI groups (p &lt; 0.0005). A decrease in the hippocampal volume with age was faster in both groups (p &lt; 0.05) than in the controls. Longitudinally also, hippocampal atrophy rates were significant (p &lt; 0.05) when compared with the controls. No longitudinal cortical thinning was observed in A-T+ MCI group.DiscussionA-T+ MCI participants showed similar baseline cortical thickness patterns with aging and longitudinal hippocampal atrophy rates as participants with A+T+ MCI, but did not show longitudinal cortical atrophy signature.
Bio-Electrical Impedance Analysis: A Valid Assessment Tool for Diagnosis of Low Appendicular Lean Mass in Older Adults?
Authors: van den Helder Jantine , Verreijen Amely M. , van Dronkelaar Carliene , Memelink Robert G. , Engberink Mariëlle F. , Engelbert Raoul H. H. , Weijs Peter J. M. , Tieland Michael 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundThe diagnosis of sarcopenia is essential for early treatment of sarcopenia in older adults, for which assessment of appendicular lean mass (ALM) is needed. Multi-frequency bio-electrical impedance analysis (MF-BIA) may be a valid assessment tool to assess ALM in older adults, but the evidences are limited. Therefore, we validated the BIA to diagnose low ALM in older adults.MethodsALM was assessed by a standing-posture 8 electrode MF-BIA (Tanita MC-780) in 202 community-dwelling older adults (age ≥ 55 years), and compared with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) (Hologic Inc., Marlborough, MA, United States; DXA). The validity for assessing the absolute values of ALM was evaluated by: (1) bias (mean difference), (2) percentage of accurate predictions (within 5% of DXA values), (3) the mean absolute error (MAE), and (4) limits of agreement (Bland–Altman analysis). The lowest quintile of ALM by DXA was used as proxy for low ALM (&lt; 22.8 kg for men, &lt; 16.1 kg for women). Sensitivity and specificity of diagnosing low ALM by BIA were assessed.ResultsThe mean age of the subjects was 72.1 ± 6.4 years, with a BMI of 25.4 ± 3.6 kg/m2, and 71% were women. BIA slightly underestimated ALM compared to DXA with a mean bias of −0.6 ± 1.2 kg. The percentage of accurate predictions was 54% with a MAE of 1.1 kg, and limits of agreement were −3.0 to + 1.8 kg. The sensitivity for ALM was 80%, indicating that 80% of subjects who were diagnosed as low ALM according to DXA were also diagnosed low ALM by BIA. The specificity was 90%, indicating that 90% of subjects who were diagnosed as normal ALM by DXA were also diagnosed as normal ALM by the BIA.ConclusionThis comparison showed a poor validity of MF-BIA to assess the absolute values of ALM, but a reasonable sensitivity and specificity to recognize the community-dwelling older adults with the lowest muscle mass.
A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis of Local and Distant Relapse of Breast Cancer Following Immediate Breast Reconstruction According to Molecular Subtypes
Authors: Han Chunyong , Zhang Xuehui , Sun Jingyan , Liu Jing , He Shanshan , Yin Jian 
Published: June 2022

PurposeConcerns have been raised about the oncologic safety of immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) following mastectomy for breast cancer. This study aimed to evaluate locoregional recurrence (LRR) and distant metastasis (DM) of breast cancer according to its molecular subtype in patients who underwent mastectomy alone or IBR after mastectomy.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, consecutive breast cancer patients treated by the single senior surgeon (XZ) between February 2010 and December 2014 were eligible. In total, 389 consecutive patients were included; 295 patients underwent mastectomy alone and 94 patients underwent mastectomy with IBR. Data were retrospectively collected and analyzed for LRR and DM stratified by molecular subtypes.ResultsWith a median follow-up of 73 and 87.5 months, 1.69% of patients in the mastectomy alone group developed LRR compared to 0% in the reconstruction group (p = 0.342) and the total incidence of DMs was 11.52% in patients who received mastectomy alone and 7.44% in patients who received postmastectomy IBR (p = 0.262), respectively. The cumulative incidence of LRR was 2.1% vs. 0% for luminal A, 0% vs. 0% for luminal B, 0% vs. 0% for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-enriched, and 4.5% vs. 0% for triple-negative in the mastectomy alone group compared to the postmastectomy IBR group. The cumulative incidence of DM was 15.5% vs. 5.7% for luminal A, 10% vs. 8.7% for luminal B, 17.3% vs. 0% for HER2-enriched, and 6.8% vs. 7.1% for triple-negative in the mastectomy alone group compared to the postmastectomy IBR group. On multivariable Cox regression analysis, lymph node metastasis was associated with an increased risk of DM in the mastectomy alone group (p = 0.03) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with an increased risk of DM in the postmastectomy IBR group (p = 0.021).ConclusionThis study suggests that IBR does not have a negative impact on the LRR and DM of breast cancer according to molecular subtypes.
Web-Based Prediction Models for Overall Survival and Cancer-Specific Survival of Patients With Primary Urachal Carcinoma: A Study Based on SEER Database
Authors: Ding Li , Xia Bin , Zhang Yang , Liu Zijie , Wang Junqi 
Published: June 2022

Objective:We aimed to establish nomograms to predict the overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of patients with primary urachal carcinoma (UrC).MethodsInformation on patients diagnosed with UrC from 1975 to 2018 was collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program Research Data. The independent prognostic factors were determined using univariate and multivariate Cox regression. Backward variable elimination according to the Akaike information criterion (AIC) identified the most accurate and parsimonious model. Nomograms were built based on regression coefficients. The C-index, calibration plot, Brier score, integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), area under the receiver operating curve (AUC), and decision curve analysis (DCA) curve were used to evaluate the efficiency of models.ResultsIn total, 236 patients obtained from SEER were divided randomly into training and validation cohorts in a 70:30 ratio (166 and 70 patients, respectively). In the training cohort, multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that pTNM/Sheldon/Mayo staging systems (included respectively), age, and tumor grade were independent prognostic factors for OS. A similar result was also found in CSS. While other variables, such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy, did not identify significant correlations. In predicting OS and CSS at 3- and 5- years, the nomograms based on pTNM showed superior discriminative and calibration capabilities in comparison to multiple statistical tools. The C-index values for the training cohort were 0.770 for OS and 0.806 for CSS, and similar outcomes were shown in further internal validation (C-index 0.693 for OS and 0.719 for CSS). We also discovered that the link between age at diagnosis and survival follows a U-shaped curve, indicating that the risk of poor prognosis decreases first and then increases with age.ConclusionThe efficacy of pTNM in predicting the prognosis of patients with UrC was greater than that of the Sheldon and Mayo staging system. Therefore, we recommend pTNM as the preferred system to stage UrC. The novel constructed nomograms based on pTNM, age, and tumor grade showed high accuracy and specificity and could be applied clinically to predict the prognosis of patients with UrC.
Development of an Online-Coaching Blended Couple-Oriented Intervention for Preventing Depression in Middle Adulthood: An Intervention Mapping Study
Authors: Kim Suk-Sun , Gil Minji , Kim Daeun 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundAlthough middle-aged adults in Korea are vulnerable to depression, there are few preventive interventions for depression in middle adulthood. Studies consistently suggest that interventions that include both spouses are effective in decreasing depression and relationship distress. Considering the busy lives of middle-aged couples, it is essential to develop an online-coaching blended couple-oriented intervention. This study aimed to describe the development, implementation, and evaluation of an online-coaching blended couple-oriented intervention using an online program and coaching via videoconference to prevent middle-aged couples' depression; this was done using an intervention mapping (IM) protocol.MethodsSix steps of IM were used to systematically develop a tailored multi-level intervention specific to middle-aged couples' depression. These steps of the IM protocol involve needs assessment, formulation of change objectives, theory-based methods, and practical strategies for program design, program development, program implementation, and program evaluation.ResultsThe results of the six steps were as follows: (a) middle-aged couples' needs and mental health problems were identified through a scoping review study, mixed-method study, and expert interviews; (b) six performance objectives (POs) were formulated based on the results of Step 1, and intrapersonal, interpersonal, and temporal/transpersonal determinants were identified based on the self-transcendence theory. Change objectives were developed by combining POs with determinants; (c) self-regulated learning was chosen for theoretical teaching methods and practical strategies to change the determinants of each level; (d) four modules consisting of 16 sessions were developed based on the self-transcendence theory; (e) experts evaluated the program and coaches were trained; and (f) the evaluation plan for the program's feasibility, acceptability, usability, and preliminary effects was developed.DiscussionThe systematic process using IM allowed us to develop an online-coaching blended couple-oriented intervention to prevent depression and promote couples' relationships. The primary effects of this newly developed program should be evaluated in future studies. This may lead to the increased adoption and implementation of evidence-based and tailored interventions for psychological wellbeing in middle adulthood.
Repercurssões da Covid-19 na função respiratória em pacientes pediátricos e neonatos: revisão/ Repercursions of Covid-19 on respiratory function in pediatric and newborn patients: a review
Authors: Mendonca Suellen da Silva , Machado Raissa Helena Rodrigues , Rego Isabela Natalia de Souza , Costa Jayanne Marques Bitencourt da , Alves Mycaeli Oliveira , Torres Luciano Gil Saldanha , Silva Milena da Conceição Aviz da , Monteiro Brenda Beatriz Silva 
Published: June 2022

Discutir acerca das principais repercussões da COVID-19 na função respiratória de pacientes pediátricos e neonatos. Revisão eletrônica das bases de dados LILACS, PubMed, e SciELO utilizando os descritores “COVID-19”, “repercussions” “pediatric”. A pesquisa foi realizada no período de Novembro de 2021 à Janeiro de 2022, tendo como critérios de inclusão publicações entre os anos de 2010 à 2021, nos idiomas Português, Inglês e Espanhol, com relatos acerca das repercussões da COVID-19 na função respiratória pediátrica e neonatal e critérios de exclusão, artigos de revisão, estudos realizados em animais, artigos pagos, estudos publicados em ano inferior a 2010 e artigos duplicados nas bases de dados. Foram encontrados 40 estudos, destes 11 artigos preencheram os critérios de inclusão. A maioria dos casos observados na pediatria são assintomáticos, no entanto, os poucos casos sintomáticos, apresentam manifestações clínicas, como: tosse seca, coriza, odinofagia, secreção nasal e febre; e nos casos de pacientes graves, sintomas como: febre alta, SDRA, fadiga/mialgia e polipneia, podendo haver riscos de Pneumonia e SIM-P. Apesar das repercussões, pacientes pediátricos e neonatais demonstram um bom prognóstico, quando tratados de maneira individualizada. Por isso, entender e discorrer acerca das principais manifestações que acometem este público é de suma importância para a evolução do tratamento precoce contra às sequelas da COVID-19.
Severe hemorrhage in patient carrier of diabetes mellitus type 2 with emphysematous cystitis: a case report and literature review / Hemorragia grave em doente portador de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 com cistite enfisematosa: um relatório de caso e revisão de literatura
Authors: Junior Mario Maciel de Lima , Souza Thiago Quirino Araujo , Barbosa Magna Feitosa , Paiva Laura Beatriz Rocha Bacelar 
Published: June 2022

Background: Emphysematous cystitis is a disease of the bladder with retention of gas in the bladder wall or lumen. The risk factors include urinary tract infection by gas producing anaerobic bacteria and fungi, diabetes mellitus and compromised immunity. Primary risk factor being diabetes mellitus, emphysematous cystitis can occur with unsual presentations like hypervolemic shock. Imaging technologies are widely used to diagnose and detect emphysematous cystitis. However, better diagnosis can be achieved by computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis. Early and accurate diagnosis of emphysematous cystitis in diabetic patients can result in better prognosis of the disease.Case presentation: Here, we report for the first time a case of emphysematous cystitis with hypovolemic shock with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and present a review of literature on the topic. The diabetic patients with emphysematous cystitis should be cautiously monitored for hypervolemic shock along with the routine management of the disease. Conclusions: Such patients should be kept on constant monitoring for hypervolemic shock along with conventional diagnosis and management of the disease.
Avaliação do potencial biotecnológico de fungos endofíticos / Assessment of the biotechnological potential of endophytic fungi
Authors: Pardo Sthefani Nicole Frosi , Fernandes Gabrielle Ganzer , Lima Virna Monique Sobral , Rego Vanessa Mendes , De Souza William Pietro , Ribeiro Reginaldo Vicente 
Published: June 2022

Os fungos endofíticos são reconhecidos por sua imensa capacidade de produção de metabólitos que atuam como antimicrobianos, além de serem produtores de diversas enzimas extracelulares. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a atividade antibacteriana e enzimática de fungos endofíticos da coleção de microrganismos do IFMT - Campus Avançado de Lucas do Rio Verde. Ao todo foram testadas doze linhagens de fungos endofíticos, isolados da raiz de Cyperus rotundus (tiririca) e da folha de Zea mays (milho). Para o teste de atividade antibacteriana, utilizou-se o método de difusão em ágar e a determinação da concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) contra bactérias patogênicas gram-positivas: Staphylococcus aureus 25923, Listeria monocytogenes; e gram-negativas: Escherichia coli 25922, Salmonella choleraesuis 10708, Helicobacter pylori 43504, Shigella flexneri 12022. Utilizou-se as seguintes linhagens de fungos: Lasiosphaeriaceae sp R2B, Lasiosphaeriaceae sp R8E, Talaromyces pinophilus FEFM I, Ceriporia alachuana R9C, Fusarium acutatum T9E, F. acutatum R7C, F. acutatumR5A, Trichoderma sp. R4A, Fusarium oxysporum T2A, F. oxysporum T7C e Fusarium solani T1A e uma linhagem não identificada R9B. Para o primeiro ensaio, discos miceliais (±7mm) foram retirados e situados em placas com meio Mueller-Hinton inoculado com bactéria patogênica padronizada a 0,5 da escala de McFarland. As placas foram incubadas a 37°C por 24 h e a atividade foi determinada de acordo com a formação de halos de inibição. A determinação da CIM foi realizada a partir dos extratos fúngicos liofilizados nas concentrações de 0,16 a 20,00 mg/mL em microplacas de 96 poços, incubados a 37°C por 24 h, lidas em espectrofotômetro a 450 nm e reveladas com resazurina. A atividade enzimática foi determinada para as enzimas amilase e protease mediante a formação de halos de degradação de seus respectivos meios. Na avaliação da atividade antibacteriana pelo teste de difusão em ágar, dez isolados (FEFM I, R9C, T9E, R4A, R7C, R9B, T2A, R5A, T1A, T7C) apresentaram atividade contra Helicobacter pylori e oito (R2B, R9C, T9E, R7C, R9B, T2A, R5A, T1A) contra Shigella flexneri, com destaque para o fungo R9C que apresentou atividade contra quatro cepas de bactérias patogênicas utilizadas: Salmonella choleraesuis, Helicobacter pylori, Shigella flexneri e Listeria monocytogenes. Nenhuma concentração dos extratos liofilizados testados inibiram o crescimento das cepas patogênicas. Quanto à atividade enzimática, quatro isolados apresentaram atividade positiva e quatro fortemente positiva para amilase, sete isolados com atividade fortemente positiva e três positivos para atividade proteolítica. Entre os gêneros de fungos utilizados, Fusarium foi o que apresentou maior potencial biotecnológico, já que apresentou atividade antibacteriana e enzimática promissoras.
Uso de inibidores de SGLT2 como nova terapia medicamentosa no tratamento da doença renal crônica em portadores de diabetes mellitus / Use of SGLT2 inhibitors as a new drug therapy in the treatment of chronic kidney disease in diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: E Silva Paolla Tomás Vitorino Silva , Pinto Carolina Teixeira , Lage Fernanda Duarte Oliveira , Caetano Gabriela Bianchetti , Veloso João Pedro Donato , Araujo João Vitor Gontijo , Takahashi Kaneko Priscilla Carolina da Silva Cerutti , Barcelos Thiago Duarte Pinto Coelho , Guimarães Victoria Moreira Hannas 
Published: June 2022

O uso de inibidores co-transportador de sódio-glicose-2 (ISGLT2) representa uma nova classe de medicamentos no tratamento da doença renal crônica (DRC), cuja principal causa é o diabetes mellitus do tipo 2 (DM2); devido ao seu efeito glicosúrico, além da atuar nas complicações do DM2, age também nos mecanismos fisiopatológicos da doença. Estudos têm demonstrado que o uso de ISGLT2, a longo prazo, pode auxiliar na preservação da função renal e atrasar o uso de terapia renal substitutiva, pois atuam na redução da albumina filtrada e o trabalho de transporte renal, bem como o consumo de oxigênio; além disso, atuam na redução dos valores de hemoglobina glicada, auxiliando no controle glicêmico do paciente diabético. Outrossim, estudos evidenciam que o uso de ISGLT2 reduz o risco de morte por eventos cardiovasculares, infarto do miocárdio não fatal ou acidente vascular cerebral não fatal; dessa maneira, o fármaco também apresenta benefícios em pacientes com outras comorbidades, para além da DRC e DM2. Contudo, os mecanismos pelos quais os ISGLT2 atuam ainda não são bem estabelecidos na literatura, principalmente no que diz respeito ao sistema cardiovascular. Nesse sentido, novas pesquisas são necessárias para estabelecer os benefícios e os malefícios do uso dessa medicação a longo prazo.