bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A plant regeneration protocol from callus cultures of medicinal and ornamental shrub Rhodomyrtus tomentosa
Authors: Yang Ling , Wu Kunlin , Qiu Shengxiang , Cao Honglin , Deng Shulin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Ait.) Hask is a multifunctional shrub of the Myrtaceae, which uniquely combines ornamental, medicinal and health purposes. In this study, for the first time, a regeneration system was established in R. tomentosa. At least three types of calli varied in color, shape and texture were induced from explants of leaf, stem, petal or stamen, among which, the light yellow-green, rigidity and granule calli had great potential for differentiation. Adventitious shoots were steady obtained when the calli were grown on 1/2 MS medium with 6-BA 1 mg/L and NAA 0.1 mg/L at 26 °C and 120 µmol m−2s−1 light intensity. Unexpectedly, two types of adventitious roots initiated from the stems above the cutting sites were observed within 15 d when the regenerated plantlets were transferred to PGR-free 1/2 MS medium. When rooted plantlets were transferred to a sandy soil, over 90% survived within 2 months. The established in vitro regeneration system provided a solution for the germplasm preservation and large-scale clonal propagation of elite lines of R. tomentosa.
Interactive effects of intrinsic capacity and obesity on the risk of chronic kidney disease in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tang Wei-Hua , Yu Teng-Hung , Lee Hui-Lan , Lee Yau-Jiunn 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Intrinsic capacity (IC) is a novel concept focusing on normal and healthy aging. The effect of IC on the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in older type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients has rarely been studied. We investigated whether a decline in IC is associated with the risk of CKD.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 2482 older subjects with T2DM managed through a disease care program were enrolled. The five domains of IC, namely locomotion, cognition, vitality, sensory, and psychological capacity were assessed. Based on these domains, the IC composite score was calculated. CKD risk was classified according to the KDIGO 2012 CKD definition. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the association between IC score and CKD risk. Results: The risk of CKD increased in parallel with IC score (p for trend<0.0001). In multivariate analysis, compared to those with an IC score 0, the odds ratio of having a moderately increased and very high risk stage of CKD was 1.76 (1.31-2.37) times higher for those with an IC score of 2-5. Furthermore, an increased IC score was associated with a higher prevalence of moderate and severe obesity. Moreover, there was a synergistic interaction between IC score and obesity on the risk of CKD (synergy index=1.683; 95% CI: 0.630-3.628), and the proportion of the CKD risk caused by this interaction was 25.6% (attributable proportion of interaction=0.256). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that IC score may be closely related to the risk of CKD. In addition, there may be a synergistic interaction between IC score and obesity, and this synergistic interaction may increase the risk of CKD.
Merging Graphic Organizer in 7Es Model to Enhance Online Learning
Authors: Bucayong Cecilia O. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The startling shift in the teaching and learning approach due to the COVID-19 pandemic also redirected the researcher's focus on effective pedagogy. Thus, this study merged the Know, Wonder, and Learn (KWL) graphic organizer and 7Es models to develop a learning material for online classes. The model's cognitive origin and constructivist implications inspired material development. This learning intervention material was implemented online and tested using a pretest-posttest design. Statistical results proved this intervention's effectiveness by improving the students' conceptual understanding of force and motion concepts, t = 3.53, p = 0.001. Further investigation was conducted to determine the variances of performance among students. Results showed that the learning intervention, aside from positively affecting the student's learning gains, implies a more significant impact on the initially low-performing students.
Biomedical term extraction using fuzzy association
Authors: Das Bidyut , Majumder Mukta , Phadikar Santanu , Sekh Arif Ahmed 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Automatic term extraction from a biomedical text is a well-known problem in the area of natural language processing. It is carried out by employing four kinds of measures: linguistic and rule-based, dictionary-based, statistical, and machine learning. Automatic term extraction indicates whether or not two or more words come together in the text more often than by chance to form a biomedical term that automatically extracted using an automated system. A fuzzy set-theoretic approach is presented in this article that compares with the existing statistical measures. The experimental result shows that the fuzzy-measure offers better precision than the popular statistical-measures for extracting biomedical terms, especially when we have compared more than 60% ranked list of extracted terms.
Early echocardiographic evaluation in children with anorexia nervosa in the emergency department of a tertiary level children's hospital.
Authors: Spina Giulia , Clemente Anna , Roversi Marco , Marchili Maria Rosaria , Silvestri Paola , Mascolo Cristina , Zanna Valeria , Diamanti Antonella , Reale Antonino , Villani Alberto , Raucci Umberto , Ammirati Antonio 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose Anorexia nervosa (AN) is the most frequent eating disorder (ED), whose cardiac complications may have life-threatening consequences for both the physical and psychological health of affected children. In this study we reported and analysed the echocardiographic anomalies found in pediatric patients diagnosed with AN. Methods We reported the demographic and clinical characteristics of children aged 8 to 18 years, who were diagnosed with AN and underwent a complete cardiological evaluation at the Emergency Department of the Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome between the 1st January 2021 and the 30th June 2021. Furthermore, we compared the patients according to the presence of pericardial effusion and a BMI (Body Mass Index) cut-off 14.5 kg/m2. Results Forty-nine patients were included in the study. The mean age was 15.1 years. Most patients were female (89.8%). The mean length of hospitalisation was 18 days. The mean BMI at admission was 14.8 kg/m2, with a median weight loss of 9 kg in the last year. Eleven patients (22.4%) presented with cardiovascular signs or symptoms at admission. Most patients had pericardial effusion on heart ultrasound, with a mean thickness of 6 mm (SD ± 4). The LV (left ventricle) thickness over age was significantly higher in patients with pericardial effusion, with a Z score of -2.0 vs -1.4 (p = 0.014). The administration of psychiatric drugs was significantly more frequent in patients with a lower BMI (37.5% vs 12%, p = 0.038). Conclusion Our results suggest that it is reasonable, in patients presenting with AN, to perform complete cardiologic work-up to early identify and manage cardiac complications and their life-threatening consequences. Prospective and multi-center studies are required in order to characterise the cardiovascular abnormalities in patients with AN and to describe the evolution of these abnormalities after weight recovery.
Beneficial effects of tannic acid on comorbid anxiety in cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis in rats and potential underlying mechanisms
Authors: Ranjbaran Mina , Kianian Farzaneh , Ashabi Ghorbangol , Lorian Keivan , Azizi Fateme 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE), a neurological dysfunction caused by sepsis, is the most common complication among septic ICU patients. Given the major role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of sepsis-induced anxiety, an extreme and early manifestation of SAE, the present study examined whether tannic acid, as an anti-inflammatory agent, has anxiolytic effects in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis.Thirty male Wistar rats were assigned to three groups: 1) Sham; 2) Sepsis and 3) Tannic acid. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture model. Animals in the Tannic acid group received tannic acid (20 mg/kg, i.p.), 6, 12 and 18 h after the sepsis induction. Twenty four hours after the sepsis induction, systolic blood pressure and sepsis score were assessed. Anxiety-related behaviors were evaluated using elevated plus-maze and dark-light transition tests. Moreover, inflammatory markers (TNF-α and IL-6), oxidative stress parameters (MDA and SOD) and protein levels (GABAA receptors and IL-1β) were measured in the brain tissue samples. Administration of tannic acid significantly improved sepsis score and hypotension which induced by sepsis. Anxiety-related behaviors showed a significant decrease in the Tannic acid group compared to the Sepsis group. Tannic acid caused a significant decrease in the brain inflammatory markers and a remarkable improvement in the brain oxidative status compared to the septic rats. Tannic acid prevented animals from decreasing GABAA receptors and increasing IL-1β protein levels in the brain tissue samples compared to the Sepsis group. This study indicated that tannic acid mitigated anxiety-related behaviors through decreasing inflammation and oxidative stress and positive modifying IL-1β/GABAA receptors pathway. Therefore, tannic acid shows promise as an efficacious treatment for comorbid anxiety in septic patients.
Myeloid cells protect corneal nerves against sterile injury through negative- feedback regulation of TLR2-IL-6 axis
Authors: Lee Hyun Ju , Kim Hyeon Ji , Ko Jung Hwa , Oh Joo Youn 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Mounting evidence suggests that the immune system plays detrimental or protective roles in nerve injury and repair. Main body: Herein we report that both CD11bhiLy6Ghi and CD11bhiLy6ChiLy6Glo myeloid cells are required to protect corneal nerves against sterile corneal injury. Selective depletion of CD11bhiLy6Ghi or CD11bhiLy6ChiLy6Glo cells resulted in aggravation of corneal nerve loss, which correlated with IL-6 upregulation. IL-6 neutralization preserved corneal nerves while reducing myeloid cell recruitment. IL-6 replenishment exacerbated corneal nerve damage while recruiting more myeloid cells. In mice lacking Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), the levels of IL-6 and myeloid cells were decreased and corneal nerve loss attenuated, as compared to wild-type and TLR4 knockout mice. Corneal stromal fibroblasts produced IL-6 in response to TLR2 stimulation. Conclusion: Collectively, our data suggest that CD11bhiLy6Ghi and CD11bhiLy6ChiLy6Glo myeloid cells confer corneal nerve protection under injury by creating a negative-feedback loop to suppress the upstream TLR2-IL-6 axis that drives corneal nerve loss.
Effectiveness of pharmacological thrombolysis on clinical outcomes in high-risk pulmonary embolism patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a nationwide inpatient database study
Authors: Nishimoto Yuji , Ohbe Hiroyuki , Matsui Hiroki , Nakajima Mikio , Sasabuchi Yusuke , Watanabe Tetsuya , Yamada Takahisa , Fukunami Masatake , Yasunaga Hideo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Current guidelines recommend systemic thrombolysis as the first-line reperfusion treatment for patients with high-risk pulmonary embolism (PE) who present cardiogenic shock but do not require extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). However, little is known about the optimal reperfusion treatment in high-risk PE patients requiring ECMO. We aimed to evaluate whether pharmacological thrombolysis improved high-risk PE patients’ outcomes who received ECMO.
Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database from April 2010 to March 2021. We identified patients who were diagnosed with PE and received ECMO on the day of admission. Patients who received pharmacological thrombolysis on the same day of ECMO initiation were defined as the thrombolysis group, and the remaining patients as the control group. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality and secondary outcomes were favourable neurological outcomes, length of the hospital stay, length of the ECMO, total hospitalization cost, major bleeding, and blood transfusion volume. Propensity-score inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was performed to compare the outcomes between the groups.
Results
Of 1,248 eligible patients, 391 (31%) received pharmacological thrombolysis on the same day of ECMO initiation. Among the unweighted cohort, patients in the thrombolysis group were less likely to have poor consciousness at admission, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, and left heart catheterization. After IPTW, the patient characteristics were well-balanced between the two groups The crude in-hospital mortality was 52% in the thrombolysis group and 59% in the control group. After IPTW, in-hospital mortality did not differ significantly between the two groups (risk difference: -2.1%, 95% confidence interval: -8.6–4.3%). There were also no significant differences in the secondary outcomes including the favourable neurological outcomes, length of hospital stay, length of ECMO, total hospitalization cost, major bleeding, and blood transfusion volume.
Conclusions
Pharmacological thrombolysis was not associated with a reduced in-hospital mortality or increased major bleeding in the high-risk PE patients receiving ECMO.
‘Something that facilitates our work…rather than a hindrance’: Clinical pharmacist perspectives on the use of data analytics to support polypharmacy medication reviews in primary care.
Authors: Ruth Hurley , Jury Francine , Tjeerd P. van Staa , Palin Victoria , Christopher J. Armitage 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Polypharmacy and overprescribing is a growing concern due to increased risk of drug interaction and inefficient use of resources. Historical patient records offer a wealth of knowledge that could inform safer prescribing and deprescribing, but it is unclear how these complex data should be summarised and displayed to clinicians. The current study evaluated the perspectives of clinical pharmacists (CPs), a newly expanding workforce of primary care medication specialists, on ways that novel big data analytics could be used to improve health outcomes for frail and elderly (> 65yrs) patients.
Methods
Primary care clinical pharmacists (n = 14) took part in an exploratory participative design workshop to discuss examples and uses of novel analytics (including risk of negative outcomes for frail and elderly patients following treatment with a variety of medication combinations). Participant contributions (verbal and textual) were analysed using the framework method of exploratory content analysis.
Results
Overarching themes of data uses, reservations and digital tools acceptance factors were identified. Uses of polypharmacy analytics valued by CPs included the clinical effects of drug: drug interactions and patient risk scores to highlight patients at increased risk of harm from medication combinations (including cumulative risks). CPs were also positive about the creation of a dedicated online community of practice to enable wider peer support. CP’s current digital systems do not adequately facilitate patient medication reviews and contribute to cognitive overload. Experiencing these existing barriers mean that CPs’ acceptance of digital analytics tools is heavily contingent on ease of use, clear targeting and ability to support clinicians’ understanding and confidence in the strengths, limitations and validity of the analytics in the patient care context.
Conclusions
CPs would benefit from bespoke digital systems designed to meet the needs of their role. Analytics from patient records could help address a concerning deficit in wider knowledge of the real world clinical effects of polypharmacy medication interactions and help clinicians prioritise medication reviews. Based on the user acceptance themes identified, five criteria are suggested to inform user focused development of analytics tools for primary healthcare.
Cohort Study Assessing the Predictive Value of a Research Year vs Additional Degree in Dermatology
Authors: Fritsche Madelaine , King Tonya , Miller Jeffrey , Lam Charlene 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Taking a gap year to obtain an additional degree or for research is becoming increasingly popular among medical students pursuing dermatology to bolster residency application competitiveness. The purpose of this study was to determine whether doing so influences future academic achievement and career trajectory. A list of dermatologists who achieved board certification in 2010 was obtained from the American Board of Dermatology. Information regarding additional post-graduate degrees, research years, fellowship specialization, practice setting, publication number, and H-index were obtained using publicly available data. Additional degrees were associated with higher research productivity, higher H-index, and practicing at teaching hospitals, while taking a research year was only associated with a higher H-index. This data can be used to further inform medical students wishing to achieve high levels of research productivity and careers at teaching institutions and residency programs wishing to recruit such applicants.
Comparing Pre-Operative Versus Post-Operative Single and Fractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy for Patients with Resectable Brain Metastases
Authors: Perlow Haley K. , Ho Cindy , Matsui Jennifer K. , Prasad Rahul N. , Klamer Brett G. , Wang Joshua , Damante Mark , Upadhyay Rituraj , Thomas Evan , Blakaj Dukagjin M. , Beyer Sasha , Lonser Russell , Hardesty Douglas , Raval Raju R. , Prabhu Roshan , Elder James B. , Palmer Joshua D. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe standard treatment for patients with large brain metastases and limited intracranial disease is surgical resection and post-operative stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). However, post-operative SRS still has elevated rates of local failure (LF) and is complicated by radiation necrosis (RN), and meningeal disease (MD). Pre-operative SRS may reduce the risk of RN and MD, while fractionated therapy may improve local control through delivering a higher biological effective dose. We hypothesize that pre-operative fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy (FSRT) will have less toxicity compared to patients who receive post-operative SRS or FSRT. MethodsA multi-institutional analysis was conducted and included patients who had surgical resection and stereotactic radiation therapy to treat at least one brain metastasis. Pertinent demographic, clinical, radiation, surgical, and follow up data were collected for each patient. The primary outcome was a composite endpoint defined inclusive of events of 1) LF, 2) MD, and/or 3) Grade 2 or higher (symptomatic) RN. Results279 patients were eligible for analysis. The median follow-up time was 9 months. 87% of patients received fractionated treatment. 29% of patients received pre-operative treatment. The composite endpoint incidences for post-operative SRS (n = 10), post-operative FSRT (n = 189), pre-operative SRS (n = 27), and pre-operative FSRT (n = 53) were 0%, 17%, 15%, and 7.5%, respectively. ConclusionsIn our study, the composite endpoint of 7.5% for pre-operative FSRT compares favorably to our post-operative FSRT rate of 17%. Pre-operative FSRT was observed to have low rates of LF, MD, and RN. Prospective validation is needed.
MxA for differentiating viral and bacterial infections in adults – a prospective, exploratory study
Authors: Metz Matthäus , Gualdoni Guido A. , Winkler Heide-Maria , Warenits Alexandra-Maria , Stöckl Johannes , Burgmann Heinz , Winkler Stefan , Oesterreicher Zoe Anne 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Inappropriate antibiotic prescription in patients with viral infections contributes to the surge of antibiotic resistance. Viral infections induce the expression of the antiviral protein MxA in monocytes, which is a promising biomarker to differentiate between viral and bacterial diseases. In this prospective, exploratory study, we aimed to determine the diagnostic value of monocyte MxA expression in adults with viral, bacterial or co-infections.
Methods
We measured monocyte MxA expression using flow cytometry in a cohort of 61 adults with various viral, bacterial and co-infections including patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy.
Results
Monocyte MxA expression in virus-infected patients was significantly higher compared to bacterial infections (83.3 [66.8, 109.4] vs. 33.8 [29.3, 47.8] mean fluorescence intensity [MFI]; p < 0.0001) but not co-infections (53.1 [33.9, 88.9] MFI). At a threshold of 62.2 MFI, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) to differentiate between viral and bacterial infections was 0.9, with a sensitivity and specificity of 92.3% and 84.6%, respectively. Immunosuppressive therapy did not affect monocyte MxA expression in virus-infected patients.
Conclusion
Our findings corroborate the diagnostic performance of MxA in differentiating viral and bacterial infections but also point to an important caveat of MxA in viral-bacterial co-infections. This study extends previous reports and indicates that MxA is also a useful biomarker in immunocompromised patients.
Thymic microfold and endocrine cells regulate thymus homeostasis and self-tolerance
Authors: Abramson Jakub , Givony Tal , Castillo Diana del , Nevo Shir , Leshkowitz Dena , Kadouri Noam , Dassa Bareket , Ben-Nun Osher , Gruper Yael , Gome Tom , Dobeš Jan , Ben-Dor Shifra , Kedmi Merav , Keren-Shaul Hadas , Haffner-Krausz Rebecca , Porat Ziv , Lo David , Goldfarb Yael 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Thymic epithelial cells (TEC) play an indispensable role in the development and selection of immunocompetent, yet self-tolerant T cells. To provide further insights into TEC functional and developmental diversity, we utilized multiome analysis, which revealed a detailed atlas of the TEC compartment based on their transcriptional states and chromatin landscapes. The analysis also highlighted numerous unconventional TEC subsets, which shared striking similarities with functionally well-defined parenchymal populations, including endocrine cells, microfold cells or myocytes. Moreover, our fate mapping experiments revealed that most of these rare TEC “parenchymal analogues” differentiated from Csnb+ MHCIIhi mTEC precursors, with varying impacts of Aire on their development. By further focusing on the endocrine- and the microfold-TEC populations, we found that both subsets play different and non-redundant functional roles and require different transcription factors for their terminal differentiation. Specifically, while the endocrine-TEC required Insm1 for their development, and were critical for induction of self-tolerance to various endocrine tissues, the microfold-TEC required Spib for their development, and were essential for the generation of thymic IgA+ plasma cells. Collectively, our study reveals that MHCIIhi mTEC have the potential to differentiate into various types of molecularly functionally defined cells, which not only contribute to the induction of central tolerance, but also regulate homeostasis of other thymus-resident populations.