bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’importation de la littérature française : un triple détournement de capital. Réflexions à partir d’une étude de réception journalistique en Suède
Authors: Cedergren Mickaëlle , Lindberg Ylva 
Published: November 2022

The background material of the study consists of articles about French literature gathered between 2010 and 2014 in the Swedish press. The aim of the article is to isolate the most widely discussed French literature from France in the Swedish press during the period, in order to explore why the transfer of this literature persists over time, how it is perceived, and which type of mediators bring about this transmission. The study raises questions about the image of French literature in Swedish media, Sweden’s impact on the transnational circulation of literature, and the use of French literature to place Sweden on the literary map.
The results of the reception study show that French literature is presented as both aesthetically disruptive with innovative features and as a normative and traditional model. It incarnates an image of tradition as well as of modernity. French literature from France is principally mediated by orthodox journalists with a consistent symbolic capital, and the posture of these journalists is analyzed through Sapiro’s model, inspired by Bourdieu. The orthodox journalists manage to redirect the symbolic capital inherent to consecrated French literature at three levels: national, personal, and transnational. Firstly, the importation of French literature increases Swedish literature’s symbolic capital. Secondly, this transfer allows for an auto-consecration of the orthodox journalists themselves. Thirdly, this use of highly valued imported literature engenders a supplementary consecration (surconsecration) of a national literature and its dominating language. In conclusion, these observed bilateral literary exchanges show the often overlooked importance of peripheral countries in transnational literary transmission. The results modify Casanova’s (2002) model, since they display the impact on the market from the margins. The transfer of central national literatures in dominating languages towards peripheral countries allows for dominated languages and minor national literatures to take an active part in the construction and reconstruction of the relations on the global literary map.
Modification of Ghanaian traditional abatoɔ game to improve the quality of basic education
Authors: Boateng-Nimoh Victor , Nantwi William Kwabena 
Published: November 2022

The study focused on using the traditional abatoɔ game as a pedagogical tool for teaching contents in different subject areas and to find out how it motivates learners to learn. The study adopted a qualitative research approach with action and descriptive research methods. It was underpinned by the ‘Game-Based Learning’ (GBL) theory. Artistic techniques such as drawing, painting, printing, and computer Graphics were employed to modify the Ghanaian traditional abatoɔ game to improve the quality of teaching and learning. The modified abatoɔ game was tested at M.A. Bediako Adventist Preparatory school, Amakom-Kumasi Ghana with a population of five hundred and eighty-seven (587) pupils. Out of this, purposive and convenience sampling techniques were used to select forty (40) basic one pupils, thirty-six (36) basic four pupils and thirty-nine (39) basic six pupils as sample for the study. Observation, tests, feedback cards, and opinionnaire were used to collect data for the study. The study revealed the possibility to modify traditional games into educational games with integration of different learning contents. The study concluded that, learning contents integrated into game reinforce learners’ understanding of learning concepts, motivate learners to learn and prepare in advance for studies. The modified abatoɔ game also have the potential of reducing the workload on teachers as different learning contents can be taught with a single game.
The characteristics and costs of severe theophylline toxicity in a tertiary critical care unit in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
Authors: Oxley-Oxland JV , Freercks R , Baker D , Van der Merwe E 
Published: November 2022

Background. Severe theophylline toxicity requiring haemodialysis accounts for approximately one-third of drug toxicity cases admitted to the Livingstone Tertiary Hospital (LTH) intensive care unit (ICU) in Gqeberha, South Africa, imposing a significant resource burden. Objectives. To investigate the characteristics and burden of severe theophylline toxicity in an Eastern Cape Province tertiary hospital adult ICU. Methods. A retrospective review of all severe theophylline toxicity admissions to the ICU from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2018 was conducted. Demographic and clinical data were captured and analysed. The National Department of Health 2019 fees schedule was used to calculate costs based on duration of ICU stay and number of haemodialysis sessions received. Results. Of the 57 patients included in the study, 84% were cases of deliberate self-harm. The majority were aged <40 years (77%) and female (79%). The mean (standard deviation (SD)) initial serum theophylline level was 612 (269) µmol/L. Complications included convulsions (n=12; 21%), arrhythmias (n=9; 16%), need for mechanical ventilation (n=7; 12%) and death (n=4; 7%). The main risk factors for these complications were age ≥30 years, an inappropriately normal or elevated initial serum potassium level, an elevated serum creatinine kinase level and an elevated initial serum theophylline level. Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis assessing the initial serum theophylline level as a discriminator for life-threatening complications produced an area under the curve of 0.71 for serum theophylline >400 µmol/L (sensitivity 88%, specificity 12%). All the 4 patients who died had an initial serum theophylline level >1 000 µmol/L. The mean (SD) cost per admission amounted to ZAR16 897 (10 718), with a mean of one 4-hour dialysis session per admission. Conclusion. Severe theophylline toxicity, usually in the context of deliberate self-harm, is a preventable yet life-threatening toxicity encountered at LTH. Demographic risk factors include young females from certain areas in and around Gqeberha. Risk factors for complications include older age, paradoxically normal or elevated serum potassium levels, elevated serum creatinine kinase levels and an initial serum theophylline level >400 µmol/L. Patients with these clinical features should be closely monitored and treated timeously at an appropriate level of care. The need for ICU admission and dialysis, both limited resources, makes the treatment of severe theophylline toxicity costly. Further studies of the underlying psychosocial drivers, local prescribing practices and preventive interventions related to severe theophylline toxicity are required.
The Entangled Brain
Authors: Pessoa Luiz 
Published: November 2022

A new vision of the brain as a fully integrated, networked organ.
Popular neuroscience accounts often focus on specific mind-brain aspects like addiction, cognition, or memory, but The Entangled Brain tackles a much bigger question: What kind of object is the brain? Neuroscientist Luiz Pessoa describes the brain as a highly networked, interconnected system that cannot be neatly decomposed into a set of independent parts. One can't point to the brain and say, “This is where emotion happens” (or any other mental faculty). Pessoa argues that only by understanding how large-scale neural circuits combine multiple and diverse signals can we truly appreciate how the brain supports the mind.
Presenting the brain as an integrated organ and drawing on neuroscience, computation, systems theory, and evolution, The Entangled Brain explains how brain functions result from cross-cutting brain processing, not the function of segregated areas. Parts of the brain work in a coordinated fashion across large-scale distributed networks in which disparate parts of the cortex and the subcortex work simultaneously to bring about behaviors. Pessoa intuitively explains the concepts needed to formalize this idea of the brain as a complex system and how to unleash powerful understandings built with “collective computations.”
Photocatalysis and adsorption kinetics of azo dyes by nanoparticles of nickel oxide and copper oxide and their nanocomposite in an aqueous medium
Authors: Ahsan Hajra , Shahid Muhammad , Imran Muhammad , Mahmood Faisal , Siddique Muhammad Hussnain , Ali Hayssam M. , Niazi Muhammad B.K. , Hussain Sabir , Shahbaz Muhammad , Ayyub Mudassar , Shahzad Tanvir 
Published: November 2022

Background
Azo dyes are recalcitrant organic pollutants present in textile industry effluents. Conventional treatment methods to remove them come with a range of disadvantages. Nanoparticles and their nanocomposites offer more efficient, less expensive and easy to handle wastewater treatment alternative.

Methods
In this study, nanoparticles of nickel oxide (NiO-NPs), copper oxide (CuO-NPs) and their nanocomposite (NiO/CuO-NC) were synthesized using co-precipitation method. The functional groups present on the surface of synthesized nanomaterials were verified using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Surface morphology was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) whereas purity, shape and size of the crystallite were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The potential of these nanomaterials to degrade three dyes i.e., Reactive Red-2 (RR-2), Reactive Black-5 (RB-5) and Orange II sodium salt (OII) azo dyes, was determined in an aqueous medium under visible light (photocatalysis). The photodegradation effectiveness of all nanomaterials was evaluated under different factors like nanomaterial dose (0.02–0.1 g 10 mL−1), concentration of dyes (20–100 mg L−1), and irradiation time (60–120 min). They were also assessed for their potential to adsorb RR-2 and OII dyes.

Results
Results revealed that at optimum concentration (60 mgL−1) of RR-2, RB-5, and OII dyes, NiO-NPs degraded 90, 82 and 83%, CuO-NPs degraded 49, 34, and 44%, whereas the nanocomposite NiO/CuO-NC degraded 92, 93, and 96% of the said dyes respectively. The nanomaterials were categorized as the efficient degraders of the dyes in the order: NiO/CuO-NC > NiO-NPs > CuO-NPs. The highest degradation potential shown by the nanocomposite was attributed to its large surface area, small particles size, and quick reactions which were proved by advance analytical techniques. The equilibrium and kinetic adsorption of RR-2 and OII on NiO-NPs, CuO-NPs, and NiO/CuO-NC were well explained with Langmuir and Pseudo second order model, respectively (R2 ≥ 0.96). The maximum RR-2 adsorption (103 mg/g) was obtained with NiO/CuO-NC. It is concluded that nanocomposites are more efficient and promising for the dyes degradation from industrial wastewater as compared with dyes adsorption onto individual NPs. Thus, the nanocomposite NiO/CuO-NC can be an excellent candidate for photodegradation as well as the adsorption of the dyes in aqueous media.
Use of Breast Cancer Risk Factors to Identify Risk-Adapted Starting Age of Screening in China
Authors: Zheng Yadi , Dong Xuesi , Li Jiang , Qin Chao , Xu Yongjie , Wang Fei , Cao Wei , Xia Changfa , Yu Yiwen , Zhao Liang , Wu Zheng , Luo Zilin , Chen Wanqing , Li Ni , He Jie 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceAlthough current guidelines highlight the need for earlier screening in women at increased risk of breast cancer in China, data on risk-adapted starting ages of screening are limited.ObjectiveTo explore the risk-adapted starting age of breast cancer screening in China, with comprehensive consideration of breast cancer risk factors.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA multicenter community-based cohort study was conducted under the framework of the Cancer Screening Program in Urban China. Data were collected from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2018, for unscreened community-dwelling women aged 40 to 74 years without a history of cancer, kidney dysfunction, or severe heart, brain, or lung disease. Data analysis was performed from October 1, 2021, to August 16, 2022.ExposuresBaseline characteristics associated with breast cancer, including first-degree family history of breast cancer, benign breast disease, breastfeeding, age at menarche, and body mass index.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOutcomes included breast cancer diagnosis and age at diagnosis. Risk-adapted starting age of screening was defined as the age at which women with different levels of breast cancer risk attained a 10-year cumulative risk level similar to women aged 50 years in the general population.ResultsOf the 1 549 988 women enrolled in this study, 3895 had breast cancer (median follow-up, 4.47 [IQR, 3.16-6.35] years). Participants were divided into different risk groups according to breast cancer risk scores (driven by risk factors including first-degree family history of breast cancer, benign breast disease, breastfeeding, age at menarche, and body mass index). Using the 10-year cumulative risk of breast cancer at age 50 years in the general population as a benchmark (2.65% [95% CI, 2.50%-2.76%]), the optimal starting age of screening for women with high, medium, or low risk of breast cancer was identified as 43, 48, or after 55 years, respectively. An online calculator was developed to calculate an individual’s optimal starting age of screening.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study identifies the risk-adapted starting age of breast cancer screening based on the principle of equal management of equal risks, which may inform updates of current screening guidelines.
Interviewing/Focus Groups
Authors: Okamoto Kristen E. , Burress Hannah C. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Interviewing and focus group techniques are well‐established within the field of health communication as a means to appreciate and recognize the lived experiences of individuals living in the midst of varied health contexts. Today these techniques are ubiquitous for many health communication researchers, particularly those inclined toward qualitative methods. In this entry we discuss both interviewing and focus groups, paying close attention to the various objectives and contexts that are seen within each of these expansive areas of research. We end with a discussion of the implications for health communication researchers and practitioners.
Analogue Patients
Authors: Smets Ellen M. A. , van Vliet Liesbeth M. , Pieterse Arwen H. , Visser Leonie N.C. , Labrie Nanon H.M. , Hillen Marij A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Analogue patients (APs) are individuals instructed for research purposes to imagine themselves in the position of a patient as portrayed in a written or recorded medical interaction. Subsequently, their experience or evaluation of and/or response to the interaction is assessed. Well thought‐out use of APs in patient–clinician communication research may enlighten the mechanisms underlying medical interactions, and thereby increase our ability to improve these interactions to the benefit of patients, their informal caregivers, and clinicians. Commonly, APs participate in experimental studies in which they are randomized to evaluate scripted variants of a medical interaction, so‐called vignettes. Sometimes, APs are involved to observe recordings of actual consultations. Involving APs rather than real patients allows for systematically testing the effect of variations in healthcare clinicians' communicative behavior, which may be unethical in real clinical practice. Moreover, researchers may use APs for practical (e.g., easier recruitment) or methodological (e.g., less socially desirable answers) reasons. A point of consideration is that the use of APs reduces ecological validity of the study. That is, findings cannot straightaway be extrapolated to real clinical consultations. Ecological validity will depend on APs' ability to engage with a vignette. Hence, attention to procedures to assess and enhance APs' level of engagement is necessary. Further research is needed to fully understand how APs' engagement, and thus the validity of using APs, can be improved.
Standardized Patients
Authors: Clark Lou 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Standardized or simulated patients (SPs) are individuals purposefully coached to collaborate with healthcare educators and trainees on the teaching and practicing of learner clinical skills primarily focused on patient–clinician communication, medical interviewing, and physical exam skills. SPs work with healthcare students by portraying patients during simulated patient–clinician encounters, providing constructive feedback to students, and instructing them on physical exam skills. Standardized patient educators (SPEs) are simulation education professionals who manage SP programs. SPEs recruit, hire, orient, and coach SPs to participate in simulated education events designed to train learners affiliated with organizations such as university health sciences programs and hospitals. A key tenet behind the ubiquitous adoption of SP methodology in the United States since its inception in the 1960s is that SPs provide healthcare learners the opportunity to practice clinical skills without harming clinic or hospital patients or themselves. On March 11, 2020 when the World Health Organization announced the COVID‐19 global pandemic, SPEs were quick to pivot in‐person SP education events held onsite in simulation centers to synchronous online formats. Clinical faculty worked with SPEs to maximize this as an opportunity to support expanded initiatives online for telehealth training and interprofessional education. The future of SP methodology will likely meld innovations in distance learning achieved in the pandemic with onsite SP education in support of clinical skills training for health sciences learners.
Survivorship Care Planning
Authors: Miller Laura E. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This entry reviews the various challenges cancer survivors face as they transition from active treatment to long‐term survival. To assist with this transition, clinicians may design a blueprint to provide each patient with informational support, future treatment plans, and resources. Survivorship care planning addresses the physical and psychosocial needs of cancer survivors with the goal of coordinating healthcare communication and decreasing uncertainty throughout survivorship. Though barriers exist to its implementation, survivorship care planning may facilitate survivors' ability to cope with cancer's lingering challenges.
Medical Records, Electronic/Patient Portals
Authors: Volkman Julie E. , Clements Meredith L. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this entry is to describe electronic medical records (EMRs) and patient portals and highlight some of the regulations and challenges associated with these health information technologies (HITs). HITs hold much promise for healthcare systems as they can reduce paper waste, improve communication between patients and clinicians, and offer ways to improve health outcomes.
Campaign Efficacy vs. Effectiveness
Authors: Huang Hsuan Yuan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Health campaigns aim to increase awareness and knowledge, influence attitude, and change behavior. Efficacy and effectiveness are two common measures of intervention effect on these cognitive and behavioral outcomes. While efficacy studies test the effect of message or treatment in ideal and controlled conditions, effectiveness studies test the performance of health intervention programs in usual real‐world circumstances. As efficacy study is explanatory in nature, and effectiveness study is pragmatic in nature, a trickle‐down model of progression from efficacy study to effectiveness study was proposed early on to illustrate how research can be translated into practice. Researchers, however, have questioned whether the success from laboratory efficacy studies can be generalized or applied to real‐world campaigns or effectiveness studies. With standardization and strict protocol, efficacy studies have been proven successful in testing intervention effect in experimental design, and thus have high internal validity. On the other hand, effectiveness studies usually take place in real‐world settings, allowing population‐based samples to be naturally exposed to campaign messages, and thus tend to have external validity. Valued for high generalizability and policy relevance, an ideal campaign effectiveness study will balance the validity equilibrium to a point where a satisfactory message efficacy accompanies a high degree of generalization by replicating the study in a real‐life setting.
Health Campaigns: Evaluation
Authors: Thai Chan L. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis entry describes the issues related to conducting health campaign evaluation. As a field that integrates key ideas from a range of disciplines, including public health, communication, and statistics among others, there are a range of decisions that need to be made to successfully conduct health campaign evaluation. Health campaign evaluations involve three general phases, formative, process, and outcome evaluation, and require engaging in a number of key steps and subsequent decisions related to developing SMART objectives, the use of theory, study design, data collection and analysis, and what data to utilize to assess campaign effectiveness. The typical convention has been to utilize comparison groups and mainly quantitative methods to determine campaign effectiveness. However, integrating newer methodological approaches may serve to determine which specific health campaign strategies are the most effective to influence health‐related cognitions and behaviors to improve the health of our communities.
Chatbots and Health: Mental Health
Authors: Cheng Yang , Xie Chenxing , Wang Yanding , Jiang Hua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This entry provides a holistic review of the history of chatbots, chatbots' application in contemporary healthcare, and mental health in crises. It addresses different types of chatbots and summarizes four main features of chatbots applied for mental health in crises, including technological convenience, information, emotional support, and social companionship. Challenges and the future of chatbots for mental health are also discussed and implications for scholars and practitioners are mentioned.
Human–Computer Interaction
Authors: Slegers Karin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHuman–computer interaction (HCI) is the field of research into how people use computerized systems, the impact such systems have, and how interfaces for and interactions with such systems should be designed. It was influenced by technological developments as well as several scientific domains including computer science, cognitive science, psychology, sociology, and cultural studies. Developments in HCI are commonly categorized into three waves. The first wave focused on modeling human cognition while using computers at work. The user was seen as a research subject, rigid usability guidelines were developed, and systematic performance testing was conducted. In the second wave, the role of the real‐life context became important, shifting the focus to distributed cognition, situated action, and interpersonal relations. The user played a central and active role in research and design activities (cf. user‐centered design). Wave three commenced with the introduction of computers in the private, everyday context of the home, and was characterized by a heightened interest in emotional aspects of HCI. The term “user experience” was coined, introducing a holistic view, including non‐utilitarian use of computers. Advances in health‐related HCI followed similar developments. Initially, computerized health systems were designed for clinicians in clinical settings, but contemporary applications are also designed for patients, or citizens in general, to use in everyday contexts. From this view, current trends in healthcare, such as shared decision making, patient‐centered care, and the shift to prevention and well‐being, align well with third‐wave HCI. However, challenges identified in all three waves remain unresolved for health applications.