bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extensibility of Hohenberg–Kohn Theorem to General Quantum Systems
Authors: Xu Limin , Mao Jiahao , Gao Xingyu , Liu Zheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Hohenberg–Kohn (HK) theorem for interacting electrons is a cornerstone of modern electronic structure calculations. For a general quantum system, a HK‐type Hamiltonian in the form of can always be defined, by grouping those terms with fixed or preknown coefficients into an internal part of the Hamiltonian , and factorizing the remaining as the superposition of a set of Hermitian operators . It is asked whether the HK theorem can be extended to such a general setting, so that the ground‐state expectation values of as the generalized density can in principle be used as the fundamental variables determining all the properties of the system. It is shown that the question can be addressed by the invertibility of generalized density correlation matrix (GDCM) defined with respect to the operators. This criterion is applied to several representative examples, including the quantum Ising dimer, frustration‐free systems, N‐level quantum systems and a fermionic Hubbard chain. It is suggested that for a finite‐size system, finding an invertible GDCM under one single configuration is typically sufficient to establish the generic extensibility of the HK theorem in the entire parameter space.
Event‐triggered fault estimation and nonfragile synchronization control for multiweighted complex dynamical networks with deception attacks
Authors: Sakthivel Ramalingam , Kwon Ohmin , Park MyeongJin , Choi Seonggon , Sakthivel Rathinasamy 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article addresses the fault estimation and nonfragile synchronization control for multiweighted complex dynamical networks against deception attacks. An event‐triggered mechanism is proposed to reduce the redundant data transmission over the communication networks. Considering the network communication security, this article investigates deception attacks in the observer, where the adversary attempts to inject some false data in the measurement output to modify the transmitted signal in the communication networks. Some stochastic variables obeying the Bernoulli distribution are expressed to describe the probability of the deception attacks, which is determined by an attacker. Then based on Lyapunov stability theory, robust analysis method, some novel solvability criteria are presented such that the resultant augmented error system is asymptotically stable with a guaranteed performance index. Further, the existence criterion of the desired event‐triggered estimator is proposed in terms of a set of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, two illustrative examples including an F‐404 aircraft engine model are provided to verify the effectiveness of the developed estimator design method.
Individual‐based modelling of hydropeaking effects on brown trout and Atlantic salmon in a regulated river
Authors: Hajiesmaeili Mahboobeh , Addo Louis , Watz Johan , Railsback Steven F. , Piccolo John J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe developed an individual‐based model (IBM) to understand the effects of hydropeaking on growth, survival and distribution of age 0+ to 1+ juveniles for high‐conservation value populations of native brown trout (Salmo trutta) and Atlantic salmon (S. salar) in river Gullspång, Sweden. We parameterized and applied inSTREAM (7.2‐SD) and calibrated the model by comparing predicted versus observed growth under the current hydropeaking regime (n=>1,200 model fish for 365 days). Our objective was to model growth, survival and distribution under flow scenarios with and without hydropeaking. We observed that hydropeaking generally resulted in modest (~10%) negative effects on growth and survival of both species. Survival was more affected than was growth, smaller fish more affected than larger fish. On‐peak (high) hydropeaking flows resulted in less profitable feeding conditions (less growth) and higher predation (lower survival). Thus, inSTREAM 7.2‐SD appears to capture ecologically‐relevant behavioral patterns under hydropeaking, for example, habitat selection, in response to rapid flow changes. Understanding such patterns for large rivers via manipulative field studies, even if possible, would be time‐consuming and costly. Our study demonstrates the potential of IBMs as powerful tools for testing research questions and assessing and prioritizing alternative management strategies in regulated rivers.
Distributed dimension reduction with nearly oracle rate
Authors: Zhu Zhengtian , Zhu Liping 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe consider sufficient dimension reduction for heterogeneous massive data. We show that, even in the presence of heterogeneity and nonlinear dependence, the minimizers of convex loss functions of linear regression fall into the central subspace at the population level. We suggest a distributed algorithm to perform sufficient dimension reduction, where the convex loss functions are approximated with surrogate quadratic losses. This allows to perform dimension reduction in a unified least squares framework and facilitates to transmit the gradients in our distributed algorithm. The minimizers of these surrogate quadratic losses possess a nearly oracle rate after a finite number of iterations. We conduct simulations and an application to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed distributed algorithm for heterogeneous massive data.
Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx with NH3 over Mn2O3 Supported with Different Morphology of CeO2 Catalysts
Authors: Sunder Rao Shyam , Kumar Patel Vivek , Sharma Sweta 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThree different morphologies of CeO2 supports (nanoparticle, nanocube, and nanorod) were prepared by hydrothermal technique and further Mn2O3 metal was impregnated on CeO2 supports using wet‐impregnation methods, and their activity for NO reduction using NH3−SCR technique was analysed. The synthesized catalysts and supports were further characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET). The catalytic performance of Mn2O3/CeO2‐nanoparticle has shown the highest conversion (76 %) compared to the other two catalysts in the temperature range of 50–450 °C.
Effective Removal of Basic Red 46 with Ti3C2 Powder Modified with Citric acid
Authors: Yan Jia , Liu Peng Fei , Wen Hui Xiang , Liu Hui Jun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMXene, an emerging two‐dimensional nanomaterial, possessed large specific surface area good hydrophilicity and tunable interlayer spacing which had attracted the attention of scientists. However, MXene itself was very easy to stack. Here, we reported one MXene‐based composite, using Ti3C2 as a matrix, citric acid (CA) modifying alkalized Ti3C2 (Alk‐TC) were compounded to prepare citric acid‐alkalized Ti3C2 composite (CA‐Alk‐TC) which was used subsequently as an adsorbent for adsorbing basic red 46. The results of batch adsorption experience indicated that the adsorption kinetics conformed to the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model, and the adsorption thermodynamics corresponded to the Langmuir isotherm model. When the reaction condition was 60 min, 5 mg, pH 5, 140 mg/L, and 308 K, the Langmuir monolayer adsorption capacity of basic red 46 reached 230.95 mg/g.
Mechanical properties of macro synthetic fiber reinforced concrete at elevated temperatures: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Clarke Todd , Ghiji Matt , Fragomeni Sam , Guerrieri Maurice 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe current infrastructure boom combined with the latest outcomes from 26th UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP 26) seeking a carbon neutral society by 2050 have driven the increasing need for sustainable alternatives to be considered in construction. One such alternative is macro synthetic fibers, which have been gaining acceptance on major infrastructure projects. However, only limited uptake has occurred in permanent structures, due to a lack of knowledge around the behavior of macro synthetic fiber reinforced concrete (MSFRC) when exposed to elevated temperatures. Existing Australian and international design standards do not take into account the loss of strength for MSFRC after exposure to elevated temperatures. Hence, this systematic review sets out to combine all the existing knowledge on the mechanical properties of MSFRC and lay the groundwork for determining acceptable relationships between relative strengths and elevated temperatures. This study proposes relationships between temperature and compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, elastic modulus, flexural strength and residual flexural, and tensile strengths of MSFRC. These are compared to existing relationships determined for plain concrete and steel fiber reinforced concrete to position MSFRC within the context of existing and accepted knowledge.
A pilot study: Can calcaneus radiographic image be used to determine sex and breed in cats?
Authors: Şenol Esra , Gündemir Ozan , Duro Sokol , Szara Tomasz , Demiraslan Yasin , Karadağ Hüseyin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study examined whether radiographic images measurements of the calcaneus in cats are determinative of sex and breed. For this purpose, radiographic images of 70 cats (37 male and 33 females) of different ages (from one to 18 years) and different breeds (41 mix‐breed, 18 Scottish Fold and 11 British Shorthair cats) without orthopaedic problems were used. Right tarsal joint radiographs of these orthopaedically healthy cats were taken. Four linear measurements and two angle values of the calcaneus were obtained from the radiographic images. The MANOVA result showed that the most determining factor between the three groups was the greatest width (p value = 0.001). Calcaneal body length, calcaneal greatest length and calcaneal shortest depth were higher in mix‐breed cats. Calcaneal tuber length was higher in Scottish Fold cats. The only statistically significant difference between Scottish Fold and British Shorthair was in the calcaneal tuber length (pvalue = 0.04). In the comparison made between the sexes regardless of species, the linear measurements in males were higher than in females. It was determined that these parameters are statistically significant in terms of sex differentiation in cats. Dorsal and plantar calcaneal angles are not sex determinants in cats. The effect of age on other measurements was analysed by correlation test. However, the effect of age on the measurements was not statistically significant. Mix‐breed cats were examined in four groups according to their colour (grey, black‐white, yellow, tri‐colour). No statistically significant difference was found between calcaneal measurements of cats with different skin colour genotypes. In this study, calcaneus measurements were both determinative between breeds and sexes in cats.
Assessment microbial risks for the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. based on the surveillance of the water supply systems in Colombia, 2014–2018
Authors: Guzmán Barragán Blanca Lisseth , de Souza Lauretto Marcelo , Razzolini Maria Tereza Pepe , Nardocci Adelaide Cássia , Marimón Sibaja Karen Vanessa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. cause gastrointestinal diseases of zoonotic origin as well transmitted from person to person, being various reported outbreaks associated with water. The infecting (oo)cyst forms of these parasites are highly resistant to water treatments such as chlorine disinfection and fast filtration. The objective of this study was to assess the microbial risk of infection and symptomatic illness by the ingestion of Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. in water for human consumption in Colombia, based on the results of water quality surveillance. The detection method was according to the USEPA method 1623. Concentration data of the different points of distribution were grouped according to the pathogen and type of treatment (no treatment; chlorine treatment; chlorine treatment + coagulant). Annual microbial risks of infection and symptomatic diseases were estimated using the quantitative microbial risk assessment approach that included parasite concentrations, the dose–response model, the ingestion rates of water by children and adults, and the morbidity rate of the diseases. The mean annual microbial risk of infection for Giardia spp. was 29.8% for treated water and 50.4% for untreated water, while being 6.0% and 17.7%, respectively, for Cryptosporidium spp. Microbial risk of symptomatic illness for Giardia spp, was 8.2% for treated water and 13.9% for untreated water, while being 3.6% and 10.6%, respectively, for Cryptosporidium spp. The estimated annual microbial risks of infection exceeded the acceptable value of 10−4 (0.01%) recommended by USEPA. Results obtained in this study suggest the need to reduce the microbial risk of infection to protozoan parasites by improving the water treatment, by adopting better handling practices for livestock manure and treatment processes of human feces.Practitioner Points
The presence of Cryptosporidium spp was identified in 28 (6.2%) samples and Giardia spp in 29 (6.4%) in water for human consumption in Colombia.
The mean annual risk of symptomatic illness due to infection by Giardia spp or Cryptosporidium spp ranges from 33.6%, for treated water, to 58.1%, for untreated water.
Annual risks ingestion of protozoa studying in water for human exceed of 10‐4 (0.01%) recommended by USEPA.
Vision Zero in Germany
Authors: Hell Wolfram , Bodewig Kurt , Hammer Ute , Kellner Christian , Klinke Clemens , Mück Matthias , Schreiner Martin , Walz Felix , Zielke Guido 
Published: August 2022

AbstractVision Zero has a central role in traffic safety in Germany. Finally, it was even a relevant point in the coalition treaty from the Federal Governing Parties in the year 2018.It is a unifying theme for safety measures taken on the federal, state, and local levels and in private, nonprofit traffic safety organizations. In later years, cooperation between these different agents has been intensified. Evaluation and measurability are essential in the German approach to Vision Zero. One example of this is the statistical work performed every year to identify “zero cities,” i.e., cities that had zero road fatalities the previous year. A yearly award puts focus on cities that have a particularly long string of zero years, in relation to their size. This is performed on an international level, and cities around the world are incentivized by these recognitions. Munich is used as an example of a city that has recently stepped up its traffic safety work. The city has adopted Vision Zero and followed up this with intensified traffic safety work, including improved data collection, the identification of accident black spots, targeted measures to improve safety in these black spots, safety audits of new infrastructure plans, etc. Before the introduction of new traffic technologies which may have an impact on safety, in-depth technology assessment has to be performed. This is illustrated by an example in which sufficient prior technology assessment did not take place, namely the introduction of e-scooters in Germany. After their introduction, they have turned out to be significantly more dangerous than bicycles, as can be seen from the statistics of fatalities and severe injuries. Proposals are made for measures are needed to reverse this trend, including obligatory use of helmets. The dialogue with neighbor states is also essential. Here the Traffic Expert Society of Medical and Technical Biomechanics, gmttb (Germany, Austria, and Switzerland= D A CH), has initiated to discuss and bundle basic principles of the Vision Zero in three neighbor countries. To promote Vision Zero, gmttb also organizes interdisciplinary yearly conferences with experts from Austria (Vision Zero is a state philosophy) and Switzerland (here named Via Sicura) to bundle strength and adopt ideas together with Swedish and multinational experts. As well as a yearly gmttb Vision Zero Safety Award is granted to motivate people, organizations, and manufacturers to promote good ideas for better traffic safety.
Generating non-topological solitons via thermal corrections: Higgs balls
Authors: Pearce Lauren , White Graham , Kusenko Alexander 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Scalar fields which carry charge can generally form non-topological solitons (Q-balls), if the energy in the extended configuration is less than the energy of an equivalent number of free quanta. For global Q-balls, such solitons exist whenever the potential grows slower than quadratically. We show that even in the absence of attractive interactions, finite temperature corrections can generate Q-ball solutions, as the coefficient of cubic corrections is generally negative. As an illustration of this, we consider the possibility of constructing Q-balls using the Higgs field. We first show that the finite temperature corrections would enable the existence of Higgs balls if the Standard Model symmetry was ungauged. We then consider gauged Q-balls, following [1], and demonstrate that Higgs self-interactions mediated by the Standard Model gauge bosons are sufficient to prevent the existence of these states in the actual Standard Model. However, these states can exist in a variety of extensions, as we show explicitly through an example.
Association between hypotension and myocardial injury in patients with severe trauma
Authors: Stroda Alexandra , Thelen Simon , M’Pembele René , Khademlou Nick , Jaekel Carina , Schiffner Erik , Bieler Dan , Bernhard Michael , Huhn Ragnar , Lurati Buse Giovanna , Roth Sebastian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
During resuscitation of patients with severe trauma, guidelines recommend permissive hypotension prior to surgical bleeding control. However, hypotension may be associated with reduced organ perfusion and multiple organ dysfunction, e.g. myocardial injury. The association between hypotension and myocardial injury in trauma patients is underexplored. We hypothesized that hypotension is associated with myocardial injury in this population.

Materials and methods
This retrospective study included patients ≥ 18 years suffering from severe trauma [defined as Injury Severity Score (ISS) ≥ 16] that were treated in the emergency department resuscitation room between 2016 and 2019. Primary endpoint was the incidence of myocardial injury defined as high-sensitive troponin T > 14 ng/l. Main exposure was the duration of arterial hypotension during resuscitation period defined as mean arterial pressure < 65 mmHg.

Results
Out of 368 patients screened, 343 were analyzed (73% male, age: 55 ± 21, ISS: 28 ± 12). Myocardial injury was detected in 143 (42%) patients. Overall in-hospital mortality was 26%. Multivariate binary logistic regression with forced entry of nine predefined covariables revealed an odds ratio of 1.29 [95% confidence interval 1.16–1.44]; p = 0.012) for the association between the duration of hypotension and myocardial injury.

Conclusion
The duration of hypotension during resuscitation period is independently associated with the incidence of myocardial injury in patients with severe trauma.
Plasma prostasin: a novel risk marker for incidence of diabetes and cancer mortality
Authors: Bao Xue , Xu Biao , Muhammad Iram Faqir , Nilsson Peter M. , Nilsson Jan , Engström Gunnar 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of cancer. Prostasin is an epithelial sodium channel stimulator that has been associated with suppression of tumours, glucose metabolism and hyperglycaemia-associated tumour pathology. However, the association between prostasin, diabetes and cancer mortality has not been well investigated in humans. We aim to investigate the associations between plasma prostasin and diabetes, and to explore whether prostasin has an effect on cancer mortality risk in individuals with hyperglycaemia.

Methods
Plasma prostasin was measured using samples from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study Cardiovascular Cohort, and statistical analysis was performed from both sex-specific quartiles and per 1 SD. The cross-sectional association between plasma prostasin and diabetes was first studied in 4658 participants (age 57.5 ± 5.9 years, 39.9% men). After excluding 361 with prevalent diabetes, the associations of prostasin with incident diabetes and cancer mortality risk were assessed using Cox regression analysis. The interactions between prostasin and blood glucose levels as well as other covariates were tested.

Results
The adjusted OR for prevalent diabetes in the 4th vs 1st quartile of prostasin concentrations was 1.95 (95% CI 1.39, 2.76) (p for trend <0.0001). During mean follow-up periods of 21.9 ± 7.0 and 23.5 ± 6.1 years, respectively, 702 participants developed diabetes and 651 died from cancer. Prostasin was significantly associated with the incidence of diabetes. The adjusted HR for diabetes in the 4th vs 1st quartile of prostasin concentrations was 1.76 (95% CI 1.41, 2.19) (p for trend <0.0001). Prostasin was also associated with cancer mortality There was a significant interaction between prostasin and fasting blood glucose for cancer mortality risk (p for interaction =0.022), with a stronger association observed in individuals with impaired fasting blood glucose levels at baseline (HR per 1 SD change 1.52; 95% CI 1.07, 2.16; p=0.019).

Conclusions/interpretation
Plasma prostasin levels are positively associated with diabetes risk and with cancer mortality risk, especially in individuals with high blood glucose levels, which may shed new light on the relationship between diabetes and cancer.

Graphical abstract
Swedish Normative Scores for the BREAST-Q Reduction/Mastopexy Module
Authors: Tunå Butt Salma , Widmark-Jensen Emmelie , Meyer Susanne , Hansson Emma 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Norm values for patient reported outcomes, that is knowledge about how the general population of women rate their breast-related satisfaction and quality of life, are necessary to interpret the meaning of scores. The aims of this study were to create Swedish normative values for the BREAST-Q reduction/mastopexy module and to describe what healthy women are most satisfied/dissatisfied with regarding their breasts.

Methods
A random sample of 400 women aged 18-80, currently living in Region Västra Götaland, were sent BREAST-Q reduction/mastopexy. Descriptive data are presented.

Results
One hundred and forty-six women answered the questionnaire (36.5%). Mean total scores ranged from 48 to 78. No clear changes in scores could be seen with age and women with a high BMI seem to be less satisfied with their breasts. The participants were most satisfied with the appearance of the breasts when dressed, the appearance in the mirror dressed, the shape of the breasts with bra, and symmetry of size and most dissatisfied with appearance in the mirror naked and the shape of the breasts without a bra. Thirty to forty-five per cent of healthy women never or almost never feel sexually attractive. Among physical symptoms often described in breast hypertrophy, the most common among healthy women were lack of energy, pain in the neck, arms and shoulders, headache and difficulty performing intense physical activity.

Conclusion
The norms for BREAST-Q reduction/mastopexy add another piece to the puzzle to what constitutes normal breast satisfaction and how surgical outcomes can be evaluated.

Level of Evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.