bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Is it cancer or not?” A qualitative exploration of survivor concerns surrounding the diagnosis and treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ
Authors: Rosenberg Shoshana M. , Gierisch Jennifer M. , Revette Anna C. , Lowenstein Carol L. , Frank Elizabeth S. , Collyar Deborah E. , Lynch Thomas , Thompson Alastair M. , Partridge Ann H. , Hwang E. Shelley 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundOf the nearly 50,000 women in the United States who undergo treatment for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) annually, many may not benefit from treatment. To better understand the impact of a DCIS diagnosis, patients self‐identified as having had DCIS were engaged regarding their experience.MethodsIn July 2014, a web‐based survey was administered through the Susan Love Army of Women breast cancer listserv. The survey included open‐ended questions designed to assess patients' perspectives about DCIS diagnosis and treatment. Deductive and inductive codes were applied to the responses; common themes were summarized.ResultsAmong the 1832 women included in the analytic sample, the median age at diagnosis was 60 years. Four primary themes were identified: 1) uncertainty surrounding a DCIS diagnosis, 2) uncertainty about DCIS treatment, 3) concern about treatment side effects, and 4) concern about recurrence and/or developing invasive breast cancer. When diagnosed, participants were often uncertain about whether they had cancer or not and whether they should be considered a “survivor.” Uncertainty about treatment manifested as questioning the appropriateness of the amount of treatment received. Participants expressed concern about the “cancer spreading” or becoming invasive and that they were not necessarily “doing enough” to prevent recurrence.ConclusionsIn a large, national sample, participants with a history of DCIS reported confusion and concern about the diagnosis and treatment, which caused worry and significant uncertainty. Developing strategies to improve patient and provider communications regarding the nature of DCIS and acknowledging gaps in the current knowledge of management options should be a priority.
Detection accuracy of the Cobas HPV assay for high‐risk HPV in head and neck FNA biopsy specimens
Authors: Guo Ming , Khanna Abha , Tinnirello Agata A. , Hwang Jessica , Zhang Ping , Xu Li , Li Guojun , Dahlstrom Kristina R. , Sturgis Erich M. , Stewart John 
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUNDThis study evaluated the detection accuracy of the Cobas human papillomavirus (HPV) assay for high‐risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) and HPV‐16 in head and neck fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) specimens with squamous cell carcinoma.METHODSHead and neck FNA biopsy specimens from 2012 to 2020 were retrospectively collected. Cobas HPV testing was performed on 90 FNA specimens with valid Cervista HPV testing results. Results of Cobas HPV and Cervista HPV assays were compared. A Linear Array or SPF10‐LiPA25 HPV genotyping assay resolved cases with discrepant results. The κ value and accuracy of Cobas HPV testing were calculated. The accuracy of the Cobas HPV assay was also determined in 42 FNA needle‐rinse specimens.RESULTSCobas HPV was positive in 82% of the FNA specimens (74 of 90). The concordance between Cobas HPV and Cervista HPV test results was 88.9% (80 of 90) with substantial agreement (κ = 0.669; 95% CI, 0.481‐0.856). With HPV genotyping confirmation in cases with discrepant results between the 2 HPV assays, Cobas HPV showed 100% sensitivity and specificity for hrHPV. HPV‐16 was detected in 88% of HPV‐positive cases (65 of 74). HPV genotyping confirmed 1 false‐negative HPV‐16 result and 1 false‐positive HPV‐16 result. Overall, the accuracy of Cobas HPV for HPV‐16 was 97.8%. The accuracy of Cobas HPV in FNA needle‐rinse specimens was 100%.CONCLUSIONSThe Cobas HPV assay is highly accurate for determining the HPV status in head and neck FNA specimens. FNA needle rinse is valid for Cobas HPV testing in patients with squamous cell carcinoma.;
Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Tolerability of Single and Multiple Doses of Isavuconazonium Sulfate in Healthy Adult Japanese Subjects
Authors: Shirae Shinichiro , Ose Atsushi , Kumagai Yuji 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIsavuconazonium sulfate is the water‐soluble prodrug of the novel, broad‐spectrum, triazole antifungal agent isavuconazole. This was a first‐in‐Japanese study assessing the pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of isavuconazonium sulfate. The study was conducted in 2 parts: part 1 (single ascending dose; 100‐, 200‐, and 400‐mg equivalent of isavuconazole oral or intravenous administration); and part 2 (multiple doses for 16 days; 200‐mg equivalent of isavuconazole oral or intravenous administration; once‐daily administration with a loading regimen every 8 hours for the first 48 hours). A total of 60 and 16 subjects were randomized in part 1 and part 2, respectively. Observed clearance was lower in this study compared to what was previously reported in predominantly White populations and similar to clearance in non‐Japanese Asian populations. The range of the plasma isavuconazole concentration in this study was within the range of the pivotal phase 3 study, with no relationship between isavuconazole exposure and either efficacy or safety. There were no serious adverse events, and all reported treatment‐emergent adverse events were of mild intensity. This study confirmed that isavuconazonium sulfate was safe and well tolerated in healthy adult Japanese subjects.
A two‐vectordata‐predictionmodel forenergy‐efficient data‐aggregationin wireless sensor network
Authors: Jain Khushboo , Singh Akansha 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMost ecological management applications use wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to collect data regularly, with great temporal redundancy. As a result, a significant amount of energy is used transmitting redundant data, making it tremendously problematic to attain a satisfactory network lifetime, which is a bottleneck in enduring such environmental monitoring applications. A two‐vector data prediction model that is based on normalized quantile regression (NQR) is proposed to proficiently accomplish energy reduction in synchronous data collecting cycles. The introduced NQR algorithm provides high‐accuracy data prediction. With accurate estimates and reduced data transmission, energy usage is reduced. Furthermore, it extends the network's lifetime. In intracluster transmissions, NQR uses a two‐vector data‐prediction algorithm to coordinate the estimated sensor's reading, and, as a result, it will minimize cumulative inefficiencies from uninterrupted predictions. NQR algorithm can be integrated with both homogeneous and heterogeneous WSNs. When compared to state‐of‐art methods, the suggested NQR methodology is shown to have high energy efficiency, greater prediction accuracy, and more positive predictions with high data quality, which help the network to last longer.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of a novel mouth rinse containing hyaluronic acid and hydrogen peroxide on gingivitis: A randomized pilot controlled trial
Authors: Boccalari Elisa , Tadakamadla Santosh Kumar , Occhipinti Chiara , Lanteri Valentina , Maspero Cinzia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate and compare the effectiveness of a mouth rinse with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hyaluronic acid (HA) versus a placebo mouth rinse on gingivitis.Material and methodsThis was a 21‐day, double blind, randomized, two‐arm parallel allocation placebo‐controlled trial of 50 study participants with a diagnosis of plaque‐induced gingivitis. Patients were randomly allocated to the test group or the placebo group and were assessed at three time points over the course of the study by the same operator, at baseline (T0), 7 days (T1), and 21 days follow‐up (T2). Primary outcomes of the trial were improvement in gingivitis and plaque accumulation.ResultsIn both groups there was a decrease in gingival and plaque indices but the combination of the two actives (H2O2/HA) proved to be more effective against gingivitis (p = 0.001). Regarding plaque index, the differences between the test product and placebo were not statistically significant (p = 0.084). Besides, the new mouthwash was considered palatable, no adverse events were registered over the 21‐day period.ConclusionsThe H2O2 + HA product was more effective in reducing gingivitis when compared to a placebo while no differences were observed for plaque accumulation.
Does shareholder litigation risk promote or hinder corporate social responsibility? A quasi‐natural experiment
Authors: Jaroenjitrkam Anutchanat , Treepongkaruna Sirimon , Jiraporn Pornsit 
Published: February 2022

AbstractExploiting an exogenous shock that diminishes the shareholder litigation risk for certain firms, we examine the effect of litigation risk on corporate social responsibility. In particular, we take advantage of an unexpected ruling by the Ninth Circuit Court that raised the difficulty of shareholder litigation. Our results show that an exogenous reduction in litigation risk results in significantly stronger CSR. Lower litigation risk improves managers' job security, thereby motivating them to adopt a long‐term perspective and invest more in CSR. Further analysis validates the findings, such as propensity score matching and entropy balancing. Because our identification strategy is based on a quasi‐natural experiment, our results are more likely to show a causal effect.
Prostate cancer management with lifestyle intervention: From knowledge graph to Chatbot
Authors: Chen Yalan , Sinha Baivab , Ye Fei , Tang Tong , Wu Rongrong , He Mengqiao , Zheng Xiaonan , Shen Bairong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundPersonal lifestyle is an important cause of prostate cancer (PCa), hence establishing a corresponding knowledge graph (KG) and a chatbot is a convenient way for preventing and assessing risks. The chatbot based on a KG of PCa‐associated lifestyles will be helpful to PCa management, then save health care resources in the ageing society.ResultsBased on our established knowledge base, we define entities and corresponding relationships to construct the PCa‐associated lifestyles KG for visualization by importing the triples into the Neo4j graph server. The dialogue system uses the Flask framework to determine the classification of questions through entity recognition and relationship extraction and later uses the query template to search the answers from the PCa‐associated lifestyles KG. The PCa‐associated lifestyles KG contains 11 types of entities and 14 types of relationships, the total number of nodes and links is 21 546 and 66 493, respectively. Also, the entity “Lifestyle”, “Paper”, “Baseline” and “Outcome” contain multiple attributes. The established chatbot can answer 12 types of basic questions and predict the probability of a certain lifestyle resulting in a certain PCa. The chatbot is available at http://sysbio.org.cn:5000/Pca/chatbot.ConclusionA chatbot based on PCa‐associated lifestyles KG was constructed to help researchers, physicians or patients learn more about PCa lifestyle management interactively.
Revealing the transcriptional heterogeneity of organ‐specific metastasis in human gastric cancer using single‐cell RNA Sequencing
Authors: Jiang Haiping , Yu Dingyi , Yang Penghui , Guo Rongfang , Kong Mei , Gao Yuan , Yu Xiongfei , Lu Xiaoyan , Fan Xiaohui 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundDeciphering intra‐ and inter‐tumoural heterogeneity is essential for understanding the biology of gastric cancer (GC) and its metastasis and identifying effective therapeutic targets. However, the characteristics of different organ‐tropism metastases of GC are largely unknown.MethodsTen fresh human tissue samples from six patients, including primary tumour and adjacent non‐tumoural samples and six metastases from different organs or tissues (liver, peritoneum, ovary, lymph node) were evaluated using single‐cell RNA sequencing. Validation experiments were performed using histological assays and bulk transcriptomic datasets.ResultsMalignant epithelial subclusters associated with invasion features, intraperitoneal metastasis propensity, epithelial–mesenchymal transition‐induced tumour stem cell phenotypes, or dormancy‐like characteristics were discovered. High expression of the first three subcluster‐associated genes displayed worse overall survival than those with low expression in a GC cohort containing 407 samples. Immune and stromal cells exhibited cellular heterogeneity and created a pro‐tumoural and immunosuppressive microenvironment. Furthermore, a 20‐gene signature of lymph node‐derived exhausted CD8+ T cells was acquired to forecast lymph node metastasis and validated in GC cohorts. Additionally, although anti‐NKG2A (KLRC1) antibody have not been used to treat GC patients even in clinical trials, we uncovered not only malignant tumour cells but one endothelial subcluster, mucosal‐associated invariant T cells, T cell‐like B cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, macrophages, monocytes, and neutrophils may contribute to HLA‐E‐KLRC1/KLRC2 interaction with cytotoxic/exhausted CD8+ T cells and/or natural killer (NK) cells, suggesting novel clinical therapeutic opportunities in GC. Additionally, our findings suggested that PD‐1 expression in CD8+ T cells might predict clinical responses to PD‐1 blockade therapy in GC.ConclusionsThis study provided insights into heterogeneous microenvironment of GC primary tumours and organ‐specific metastases and provide support for precise diagnosis and treatment.
Metabolic proteins at birth predict early childhood mental health symptoms
Authors: Scott Samantha R. , Manczak Erika M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractChild mental health disorders are the leading cause of disability in children and adolescents worldwide. Biological correlates predict psychosocial outcomes throughout human development; however, less is known about metabolic proteins. Drawing from a longitudinal birth cohort study, Born in Bradford (BiB), we examined the role of infant metabolic proteins at birth in predicting early childhood mental health symptoms at 3 and 5 years. We found that higher leptin predicted more prosocial behavior at age 3. Additionally, a higher leptin‐to‐adiponectin ratio predicted increased total symptom difficulties. At age 5, we found that higher adiponectin predicted a decreased likelihood of being rated by teachers as meeting or exceeding expectations in the domain of “managing feelings and behaviors” and marginally predicted lower competency in “making relationships” on national developmental milestone evaluations. To our knowledge, this is among the first few studies to prospectively predict mental health symptoms from cord blood metabolic proteins, and the first examining this association with a leptin‐to‐adiponectin ratio. Our results provide support for the possibility that metabolic proteins at birth forecast risk for mental health symptoms in early childhood.
Estimation of pollen productivity and dispersal: How pollen assemblages in small lakes represent vegetation
Authors: Liu Yao , Ogle Kiona , Lichstein Jeremy W. , Jackson Stephen T. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractQuantitative understanding of vegetation dynamics over timespans beyond a century remains limited. In this regard, the pollen‐based reconstruction of past vegetation enables unique research opportunities by quantifying changes in plant community compositions during hundreds to thousands of years. Critically, the methodological basis for most reconstruction approaches rests upon estimates of pollen productivity and dispersal. Previous studies, however, have reached contrasting conclusions concerning these estimates, which may be perceived to challenge the applicability and reliability of pollen‐based reconstruction. Here we show that conflicting estimates of pollen production and dispersal are, at least in part, artifacts of fixed assumptions of pollen dispersal and insufficient spatial resolution of vegetation data surrounding the pollen‐collecting lake. We implemented a Bayesian statistical model that related pollen assemblages in surface sediments of 33 small lakes (<2 ha) in the northeastern United States, with surrounding vegetation ranging from 101 to >105 m from the lake margin. Our analysis revealed three key insights. First, pollen productivity is largely conserved within taxa and across forest types. Second, when local (within a 1‐km radius) vegetation abundances are not considered, pollen‐source areas may be overestimated for some common taxa (Cupressaceae, Pinus, Quercus, and Tsuga). Third, pollen dispersal mechanisms may differ between local and regional scales; this is missed by pollen‐dispersal models used in previous studies. These findings highlight the complex interactions between vegetation heterogeneity on the landscape and pollen dispersal. We suggest that, when estimating pollen productivity and dispersal, both detailed local and extended regional vegetation must be taken into account. Also, both deductive (mechanistic models) and inductive (statistical models) approaches are needed to better understand the emergent properties of pollen dispersal in heterogeneous landscapes.
Cross‐regional power supply‐demand analysis model based on clustered unit commitment
Authors: Negishi Shintaro , Kimura Keisuke , Suzuki Ikumi , Ikegami Takashi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a new model of electric power supply‐demand analysis based on a clustered unit commitment (CUC) model is proposed. This method enables to derive daily generation plans in multi‐area by minimizing daily generation cost. In the CUC model, the generation units are clustered for the purpose of saving calculation time of the optimization. The proposed model is formulated by Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP). The numerical experiment of annual supply‐demand analysis was done to evaluate the availability of the proposed model. As a result, the availability of proposed model was clarified in the view of calculation time and operational results, which are derived by the numerical experiment.
Media coverage, attention cycles and the governance of plastics pollution
Authors: Bailey Ian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFluctuations in media and public attention create major challenges for the governance of environmental problems but detailed investigations of how issue‐attention cycles affect environmental governance processes remain limited. This article addresses this gap using a literature analysis to examine the effects of issue‐attention cycles on policy responses to plastics pollution. It explores trends and features of media coverage of plastics, their influence on public pressure for action, linkages between shifts in attention and measures to govern plastics at the international, national, sub‐national and corporate levels, and options to utilise issue‐attention cycles to support greater action on plastics. The review indicates that heightened media coverage has encouraged greater public engagement with plastics overall but that elements of media reporting raise questions about the coherence and longevity of public pressure for change. Links between attention peaks and increased policy activity also remain unclear, though some policy‐makers have used peaks to inject momentum into policy processes and initiate longer‐term reforms that buffer policy against declining interest. Alongside these techniques, new framings emphasising the economic, social and health impacts of plastics may assist in extending concern and pressure for action. The article concludes by arguing the need to deepen understandings of the properties of attention cycles for different environmental problems and their implications for governance efforts.
Replacement of Fish Oil by ALA‐Rich Vegetable Oils in Diets of Gilthead Sea Bream: Effect on Final Eating Quality
Authors: Ofori‐Mensah Samuel , Yıldız Mustafa , Arslan Murat , Ünal Şengör Gülgün F. , Kahraman Tolga , Gelibolu Serap , Kaplan Çağlayan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study assesses the effect of inclusion of n–3 C18 rich oils on nutrient profile and quality of flesh in gilthead seabream (≈ 61.5 g) after feeding isoproteic and isolipidic diets in which camelina seed (CSO) or chia oil (CO) totally or partially replaces fish oil (FO) for 110 days. Fillet fatty acid (FA) profile reflects dietary FA profile, characterized by increased C18 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) and a reduced highly unsaturated FA, whereas n–3/n–6 ratios are increased in fish fed diets with CSO or CO content. However, indices of atherogenicity and thrombogenicity, calculated from the fillet FA profile as indices for the health quality for consumers, are reduced with dietary addition of CSO or CO due to the increased fillet content of C18 n–3 PUFA in CSO and CO fed fish. In spite of the differences in fillet FA profiles, sensory quality of flesh does not vary among fish from different dietary groups. Instrumental texture and color analyses reveal significantly different values in cooked fillets in comparison to the raw fillets. Overall, dietary inclusion of CSO or CO enhances the nutritional value of fish flesh as well as the production of healthier fillets.Practical Applications: This study suggests fish oil could be totally replaced with camelina or chia oil in the diet of gilthead sea bream without negatively affecting sensory characteristics. The dietary inclusion of these oils could enhance the nutritional quality of fish fillets, and could receive wide application in the aquafeed and animal feed producing sector.
Enhanced energy storage properties of epitaxial (Ba0.955Ca0.045)(Zr0.17Ti0.83)O3 ferroelectric thin films
Authors: Puli Venkata Sreenivas , Pradhan Dhiren K. , Madgula Kalpana , Babu S. Narendra , Laad Meena , Chrisey Douglas B. , Katiyar Ram S. , Reed Amber , Back Tyson , Mc Conney Michael E. , Van Ginhoven Renee M. , Heidger Susan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract(Ba0.955Ca0.045)(Zr0.17Ti0.83)O3 [BCZT] epitaxial were grown on La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 (LSMO)‐coated (100)‐oriented MgO single crystal substrates by the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. Herein, we report crystal structure, ferroelectric, piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM), and energy storage properties near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) composition of [Ba0.850Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.90O3] solid solution. Epitaxial growth of the films was confirmed using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) spectra. Room‐temperature Raman spectroscopy confirms perovskite phase of BCZT films. Room‐temperature polarization‐electric field (P‐E) loops confirm the ferroelectric nature of BCZT films. Ferroelectric hysteresis loops demonstrate high saturation polarization (Pmax ~ 97.96 μC/cm2) and remanant polarization (Pr ~ 70.1 μC/cm2) at an applied maximum electric field ~2.77 MV/cm. The optimized BCZT epitaxial thin films have shown moderate dielectric properties at different measured frequencies (10‐100 kHz). Nanoscale piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) images demonstrate switchable ferroelectric polarization of these thin films above ±9 V of dc voltage applied. Energy storage properties measured from ferroelectric loops revealed a high discharge curve energy density ~27.5 J/cm3 at a maximum electric field of 2.77 MV/cm. Epitaxial‐grown BCZT films are suitable candidate materials for capacitor applications.