bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OPTIMIZATION AND VALIDATION OF HPLC-FLD METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF AFLATOXIN B1 AND PRODUCTION OF THIS MYCOTOXIN BY ASPERGILLUS SECTION FLAVI ISOLATES
Authors: Jakabová Silvia , Barboráková Zuzana , Tančinová Dana , Mašková Zuzana , Golian Jozef 
Published: November 2022

A high performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) was evaluated for the monitoring of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) production by Aspergillus section Flavi isolates, which were found in the commodities of Slovak origin (barley and tomatoes). Rapid validation of the method was performed and the method was applied for the determination of the mycotoxin. Based on the calculated validation characteristics, the method showed high sensitivity and reproducibility. The LOD and LOQ determined were 0.03 and 0.10 µg.mL-1 which is fully acceptable for the determination of the AFB1 in isolates from plant commodities. The calibration graph was linear in the concentration range of 0.01– 10.0 µg.mL-1. The optimized method was used for the analysis of the mycotoxin in three Aspergillus section Flavi isolates. The submerse cultivation was performed at 25±1°C in yeast extract sucrose liquid medium and material was collected on the 7th, 14th and 21st day of cultivation. Simple sample extraction was carried out with use of ethyl acetate, and measurement was done with use of the mobile phase consisting of water and methanol by HPLC-FLD. Production of the AFB1 by isolates was ranging from <LOD (0.03 µg. mL-1) to 49.38 µg.mL-1 with the highest concentration on the 14th day of cultivation. The maximum level of AFB1 was achieved by the Isolate 1 (isolated from barley, Kolíňany, 2018).
PENGARUH SENAM YOGA TERHADAP TEKANAN DARAH LANSIA HIPERTENSI (STUDI LITERATUR REVIEW)
Authors: Nurul Hidayah  
Published: November 2022

The elderly are at high risk for degenerative diseases. One of the diseases that are often experienced by the elderly is hypertension which can disrupt blood flow, this of course can interfere with activities. One of the non-pharmacological treatments that can improve the flow of oxygen in the blood is yoga. This study was conducted to determine the effect of giving yoga exercise to lowering blood pressure in the elderly with hypertension. By using the keywords ((Yoga) AND (Hypertension) AND Elderly) in the google scholar and portal garuda databases. 6 articles were selected using JBI Critical Appraisal tools. Articles were taken from a reputable database, i.e. 1 article was taken from the garuda portal data base, while 5 articles were taken from the Google Schoolar data base. The selection was taken by taking into account the PICO framework, article 6 Test Wilcoxon Test. There is a difference in blood pressure before and after doing yoga exercises for the elderly with hypertension with a value (p value = 0.000) < from the standard significant (α = 0.05). Giving yoga exercise therapy is recommended to be done in elderly people with hypertension because there is a decrease after the action, but from several studies there are differences of opinion between one researcher and other researchers regarding the results of yoga exercise on hypertension which discuss yoga exercise is not effective for lowering blood pressure in hypertension. So that further researchers can develop non-pharmacological treatment for hypertension to lower blood pressure with other alternatives to be combined, such as using other combination therapies to be more effective in lowering blood pressure in hypertension.
Multiple Logistics Regression Model, Dominant Factors Affecting Health Service Utilization for PBI Participants in Jambi City
Authors: Arnild Augina Mekarisce  , Dwi Noerjoedianto  , Adila Solida  
Published: November 2022

Background : The coverage of BPJS Health membership has reached more than 80% of the total population, but the utilization rate of health services for PBI group participants is the lowest, one of which is in Jambi City. The purpose of this study was to determine the dominant factors that influence the utilization of health services for PBI participants in Jambi City.
Method : An observational analytic study using a cross sectional design with a population of PBI BPJS Health participants in Jambi City. Calculation of the sample using the Lemeshow formula, as many as 106 samples with accidental random sampling technique. The research instrument used a questionnaire sheet, then the data was processed through data editing, data coding, data entry, data cleaning, and data processing, then analyzed by univariate, bivariate with chi-square test, and multivariate with multiple logistic regression test.
Results : The results showed that the most dominant factor influencing the utilization of health services in Jambi City PBI participants was knowledge (OR=0.173).
Conclusion : Health Service Providers are expected to increase socialization and education efforts to the public on the importance of utilizing health services (promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative) both directly and by maximizing the role of social media accounts of health facilities.
Book Review: Atlas of Digital Architecture: Terminology, Concepts, Methods, Tools, Examples, Phenomena (2020)
Authors: Lopkerd Prittipoen 
Published: November 2022

Atlas has published with 760 large-format pages and almost as many illustrations that focus on the unlimited possibilities of computers in architectural scope by two dozen university professors and lecturers share their vast range of expertise with a professional writer (Sebastian Michael) and three editors who are professors from architectural academy, namely Ludger Hovestadt (Institute for Technology in Architecture, ETH Zürich) , Urs Hirschberg (Institute of Architecture and Media (IAM) at Graz University of Technology), and Oliver Fritz (HTWG Konstanz University of Applied Sciences).
Atlas of Digital Architecture offer all conceivable way architects use digital computation. The content of this book has consisted of using digital tools and a computing process in terms of concept, meaning, techniques, workflows, and examples of tools and architectural productivity. The overall content is explaining background, overview, theoretical framework, principle, and particular way of thinking about architecture and computing in each issue with example result of architecture and method of workflow techniques in digital tools. Examples of knowledge and thought tools in earnest are geometries modeling, graphs & graphics, visualization, writing & code, digital manufacturing, big data & machine learning, private & security, collaborate, and the internet of thing (IOT).
Numerical Modeling of the Complex Behavior of Salt Caverns
Authors: Brouard B. , Zakharov V. , Frangi A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Rock salt is a very complex material. Simulation of the non-linear and time-dependent mechanical behavior of salt caverns requires advanced constitutive models, relevant sets of parameters and accurate numerical computations. No well-known software packages were designed initially for salt caverns; they had to be adapted by the end user due to the unusual behavior of salt compared to other rocks. Most of the time, cavern thermodynamics, salt geomechanics and hydraulics cannot be calculated simultaneously. Some software packages are limited only to rock/soil mechanics and thermal computations —they include no cavern thermodynamics. However, coupling cavern thermodynamics and rock mechanics is essential when considering problems such as fast cycling in a gas cavern, the storage of hydrogen or compressed air, or for modeling of the long-term behavior of caverns. A case-by-case study must be performed for all new projects, taking into account relevant creep and also considering sets of parameters that were calibrated accurately in the laboratory — or better, from on-site tests performed in an existing borehole or cavern. This paper introduces the main features of salt-rock mechanics and salt-cavern thermodynamics. A simple example of a cycled hydrogen cavern experiencing a blowout is presented.

Introduction
Storage of gaseous and liquid hydrocarbons in salt caverns is a mature technology. More than 2000 caverns are operated worldwide. Storage of electricity as compressed air in salt caverns (CAES) is possible; two caverns have been operated for this purpose since the 1970s, and a couple of new projects are under development (Koopmans et al., 2022). There also are many ongoing projects related to hydrogen storage (Fig. 1). Salt caverns initially were designed, created and operated using very limited modeling tools. The complexity of rock-salt behavior and of cavern thermodynamics appeared gradually.
Research on Recognition Method of Fracturing Dessert of Algaeolite Reservoir in Qaidam Basin
Authors: Zheng Honglin , Ma Xinfang , Zhang Shicheng , Liu Yong , Guo Delong , Lin Hai 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Fengxi structure in Qaidam basin is a low porosity and ultra-low permeability reservoir mainly composed of algal limestone on the land of China. Algal limestone is thin and distributed dispersedly. There are problems such as inaccurate dessert identification and large difference in single well production during fracturing. In this paper, reservoir analysis is carried out through cutting electron microscope scanning experiment and core test experiment to obtain and correct various parameters characterizing geological and engineering desserts. A prediction model of algal limestone reservoir fracturing desserts is established by combining the advantages and disadvantages solution distance method (TOPSIS) with the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and dessert point grades are classified. According to the calculation results, Fengxi Block is generally at the level of Class III and IV desserts, and the artificial fractures are mainly multi fractures near the well and single fractures. Compared with adjacent wells, this method reduces the construction pressure by 10.1% and increases the production by 49.7% after well selection and formation selection, realizing the purpose of precise stimulation of reservoir desserts, and providing a new idea for efficient development of algal limestone reservoirs in Qaidam Basin.

Optimization of Dessert Attribute Parameters
There are many influencing parameters involved in the identification of fracturing desserts, including geological attributes and engineering attributes (Huang J.L, 2012). In order to accurately screen out the attribute parameters representing dessert, the scoring method is adopted to quantify the score of each attribute one by one, and the attribute parameter with the highest score is selected as the basis for dessert recognition. Attribute scoring methods include accuracy scoring, representation range scoring, and necessity scoring (Han F.P.et al,2019). In the accuracy score, the accuracy of the parameters obtained by the direct measurement method is high, and the score is 3 points; The accuracy of parameters obtained through inversion of relevant data is medium, and the score is 2 points; The score of other data with poor accuracy is 1 point. In the score of characterization range, the parameter that can represent the continuous well section is scored as 2 points, and the parameter that can only represent the specific depth is scored as 1 point. In the necessity score, the parameter with high importance is scored as 2 points, and the parameter with low importance is scored as 1 point.
Methodology for Determination of Anisotropic In Situ Stress and Principal Orthotropic Directions from Field Testing
Authors: Loken M. C. , Johnson J. C. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The bi-axial stress test is a two-dimensional (2-D) field test in which horizontal and vertical stresses are applied to a circular “hole in the plate” problem. The diametric closures are measured at three uniformly spaced locations. Using the Kirsch solution, and assuming an isotropic elastic medium, the magnitude of the in-plane far-field principal stresses (𝜎1, 𝜎2) and their orientation (𝛼) can be uniquely determined. However, the Kirsch Solution has limitations, since the two-dimensionality is applicable only for conditions of plane strain or plane stress; and in reality, the out-of-plane stress condition is somewhat in between. The major outcome of this paper is the development of a methodology to determine the three-dimensional principal stresses (𝜎1, 𝜎2,𝜎3) and their orientations (𝛼,𝛽,𝛾) using the two-dimensional Kirsch Solution in three mutually perpendicular planes.

Introduction
The Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF, formerly known as DUSEL) is a dedicated underground scientific research facility located in Lead, South Dakota, at the former site of the Homestake gold mine. The SURF mission includes the construction of large underground cavern openings at depths of about 1500 meters to house large-scale physics experiments. A primary rock mechanics concern is the stability of these proposed large-diameter caverns (up to 165 meters) in a host rock which has been characterized to be orthotropic in the following conditions: (1) geometry, (2) in situ stress, (3) elasticity, and (4) strength. Of these four conditions of orthotropy, the second dimension (in situ stress) will be examined in this paper. The objective of this research is to present the theoretical development and implementation of the equations that define two- and three-dimensional orthotropic in situ stress. The equations are developed based on an interpretation of the biaxial stress test in two dimensions and extrapolation of multiple orthotropic field test results in three dimensions. The two-dimensional results are presented in the next section. These two-dimensional equations are used in the development of the three-dimensional equations for determination of the principal stress magnitudes and orientation, which are given in the subsequent section. The method is validated with a numerical example and will be applied to a data set of test results performed in situ to determine the orthotropic stress state (both magnitudes and orientations) in an underground mining location. The results of this mathematical development are applied to an orthotropic biaxial stress field test in Section 4, followed by a number of important conclusions in Section 5. The paper is concluded with a list of applicable references and several supporting figures and tables of results.
New Laboratory Workflow to Evaluate Shale Time-Dependent Wellbore Instabilities
Authors: Muniz E. M. , Martin J. W. , Shaver M. A. , Richard F. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Drilling through overburden shale often presents operational challenges, particularly when drilling high-angle wells. Chemical imbalance between the shale and the drilling fluid can lead to time-dependent wellbore instability resulting in stuck pipe; cavings; and, under extreme circumstances, loss of the well. This study provides a unique workflow combining a suite of laboratory measurements to evaluate rock-fluid interaction between shale and drilling fluids. The testing suite includes X-ray diffraction (XRD) for mineralogical composition; tight rock analysis (TRA) for fluid saturations and petrophysical properties; mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP) for pore throat radius analysis, pore water composition and water activity (aw) that is measured at ambient and elevated pressure using a new test system (patent pending); pressure penetration and membrane efficiency tests to evaluate pressure transmission through shale when exposed to drilling fluids; and modified thick-walled cylinder (mTWC) tests for screening potential adverse effects of drilling fluid on rock strength. Test results show how water activity measurements using synthetic brines can vary significantly from measurements made directly from the rock and under in-situ stress conditions. Water activity measurements made under stress correlate well with clay content and pore throat radius. From mTWC tests, the imbalance of aw can generate shale swelling and strength reduction. The pressure transmission tests show how the drilling fluids can plug the pores and reduce the pressure transmission rate to the formation. These data are instrumental in providing mitigating measures to avoid instability problems during drilling through overburden shales.

Introduction
Drilling high-angle development wells in shale can pose many operational risks requiring optimization of casing points, knowledge of safe mud weight profiles, and selection of the drilling fluid to counter rock-fluid interaction. Often the mud weight needs to be high enough to prevent shear collapse but low enough to not induce weak-bedding-plane failure (mechanical tensile failure) in the overburden. To determine the drilling window and optimum drilling mud weight for the well design, basic well logs and drilling reports are not enough to solve the problem alone; core measurements and advanced sonic are key ingredients to the wellbore stability model and subsequent predictions. Laboratory tests address both mechanical behavior through plane of weakness testing and modeling coupled with anisotropic characterization (Xi et al., 2020; Shaver et al., 2020) and evaluation of chemical shale interaction with drilling fluids to determine the effects of drilling time-dependent instability. This paper provides a novel laboratory testing approach to characterize shale time-dependent behavior to optimize drilling fluids used for shale formations.
Experimental Investigation on the Evolution of Rock Mechanical Properties Subjected to the Joint Action of In-Situ Stress and Temperature
Authors: Liu Bin , Dong Shiming , Guan Yang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The determination of rock mechanics properties and drillability are significant for the prediction of the rate of penetration (ROP) in drilling into complex formations. Previous studies indicate that these properties can be strongly correlated with formation conditions, e. g. temperature, and in-situ stress. However, these two parameters are hard to be considered simultaneously due to the limitation of the experimental apparatus. To address such an issue, rock samples are collected from the eastern Sichuan Basin, mainly including the sandstone located in the formations of Shaximiao Bottom, Ziliujing. and Xujiahe. A series of tests are conducted to investigate the evolution of rock mechanical properties subjected to the joint action of temperature and in-situ stress based on a self-developed experimental setup. The results indicate that the rock strength under in-situ conditions is 2~3 times higher than that determined under atmospheric conditions. The plasticity and volumetric strain of rocks increases as well, which is accompanied by the transition of rock failure modes from volumetric failure to abrasive rock-breaking. Meanwhile, the variation of drillability under different formation conditions shows that rock failure characteristics change significantly. The average ROP of rocks in the Shaximiao Bottom Formation, Ziliujing Formation, and Xujiahe Formation under in-situ conditions decrease by 45.12%, 61.19%, and 43.82% respectively, leading to an increase in the drillability of rocks. Compared with in-situ stress, the increase in temperature has few effects on rock strength and drillability. This study provides an in-depth understanding of the evolution of rock properties under different formation conditions, which is of great significance for optimizing drilling parameters and improving drilling efficiency in hard-to-drill formations.
The Research of Creep Property of Deep Shale Rock and Its Influence on Casing Loading
Authors: Li Chenglong , Li Shiyuan , Cao Jiawwei , Lei Yajun , Zhai Wenbao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In recent years, shale oil and gas exploitation has attracted much attention, and the problems of borehole shrinkage and casing damage due to creep property of deep shale rock cannot be ignored. Especially, deep shale rock under the condition with containing water behaves shows stronger creep mechanical behavior. The creep mechanical behavior has direct influence on borehole shrinkage and casing load. The potential engineering risks need mechanism explanation and quantitative assessment. The creep mechanical behavior of deep shale rocks was studied by experiments, meanwhile the creep rate of shale with the condition of containing water was measured. The creep parameters were fitted according to the power-law model, and the parameter of A and n in the model can be obtained. On the basis of experiments, a three-dimensional multilayer wellbore model is established to numerically simulate the creep behavior of shale rock and the influence on the casing loading. In the experiment of our study, the shale under the condition of containing water content accelerates elastic and creep deformation about 1.5 times larger than the one under the condition without containing water. Through the numerical calculation, after one week, in deep layer the casing loading can reach about 158.9MPa when shale rock under the condition of containing water and it can reach about 146.3Pa without containing water. After one year, the casing loading can reach about 548.8MPa when shale rock under the condition of containing water and und it can reach about 517.9MPa without containing water. Creep property of shale rock will lead to the increase of casing loading and damage risk obviously, and it should be taken into consideration for the design of casing.
Thermal Impact on Sandstone’s Physical and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Sahu Q. S. , Alnakhli A. R. , Kalgaonkar R. A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Many processes in subsurface applications result in heating or cooling operation. Processes such as steam flooding, thermally induced fracturing, perforation, deep disposal of nuclear waste, and extraction of energy from geothermal reservoirs can impose a thermal field in geological reservoirs. That is, heat flux can induce stress in the rock and can have a pronounced effect on the physical and mechanical properties of rock bodies. Many researchers are exploring this method for fracturing applications. Either applying a thermal shock due to cooling the formation or imposing an instantaneous heating using plasma jet technology. In this study, data were collected from the literature for physical and mechanical properties of sandstones that were subjected to different modes of thermal treatment. The objective is to investigate the impact of different thermal fields on sandstone properties. The main properties that were considered under this study were permeability, Young's Modulus, and unconfined compressive strength. The data were normalized to obtain fair comparison and to understand the general trend at which those properties change as a function of temperature. Overall, the data shows that the permeability of sandstone increases when a cooling mode of treatment is imposed. Furthermore, sandstones subjected to thermal shock with Nitrogen shows a higher rate of increase in permeability. On the other hand, heating decreases the permeability of sandstone. Cooling reduces the unconfined compressive strength and Young's modulus, while heating resulted in inconclusive results.

Introduction
Applying a sudden thermal gradient can induce thermal stress in reservoir rock and open cracks in the formation. Rock as other material will experience a volumetric strain as a result of heating/cooling, as shown in Fig.1. Several studies were performed to evaluate the effect of thermal treatment in rock properties. An essential step before applying thermally induced fracturing or any subsurface processes that involve thermal alteration is to study the effect of heat on basic rock mechanical properties. Usually, the temperature effect is ignored in the analysis of hydraulic fracturing, but if the induced thermal gradient is large, then this effect has to be considered with respect to the mechanical and physical properties.