bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bridging the gaps of headache care for underserved populations: Current status of the headache field in Latin America
Authors: Lisicki Marco , Souza Marcio Nattan Portes , de Oliveira Arão Belitardo , Rubio-Beltrán Eloísa , Labastida-Ramirez Alejandro , Ashina Messoud , Peres Mario 
Published: April 2022

Objective To evaluate the current status of specialized headache care and research in Latin America. Background Latin America corresponds to about 9% of the global population. There is considerably limited access to headache services, and very few resources are allocated to headache research in this region. Methods The study consisted of two parts. First, in order to evaluate headache-related scientific output from Latin American countries we performed a 10-year bibliometric analysis and contrasted the results with a human developmental index–adjusted projection model. Secondly, we conducted a survey addressing different aspects of headache research, education, clinical practice, and awareness among members of the Latin American Headache Society. Results During the last 10 years 70% of Latin American countries published less than three articles regarding headache disorders. This contrasts with an average expected publication rate of 889 scientific papers. Indeed, none of the countries fulfilled their human developmental index – adjusted projected scientific output, with Brazil being the closest reaching 84.1% of what would be considered optimal according to the model. From the 86 headache-dedicated professionals that responded to the survey, most (64%) reported not having a headache specialization programme of any kind available in their countries. The biggest impediments towards conducting research observed by participants were the lack of time (39%), resources (22%), and training (21%). Conclusions Latin American countries have a considerable gap in headache-related scientific production, and also in formal education, research, and implementation of multidisciplinary services. Access to specialized headache care is particularly limited for patients with lower economic income.
Intravenous fosphenytoin as treatment for acute exacerbation of trigeminal neuralgia: A prospective systematic study of 15 patients
Authors: Andersen Anne Sofie Schott , Heinskou Tone Bruvik , Asghar Mohammad Sohail , Rossen Birgitte , Noory Navid , Smilkov Emil Andonov , Bendtsen Lars , Maarbjerg Stine 
Published: April 2022

Introduction Intravenous fosphenytoin is widely used for acute exacerbation of trigeminal neuralgia, however, few studies have investigated this treatment. We aimed to examine the efficacy and side effects of initial intravenous fosphenytoin plus oral tapering of phenytoin for exacerbation of trigeminal neuralgia. Methods Consecutive patients with primary trigeminal neuralgia were included in this prospective observational 90-days follow-up study. Data were collected using standardized interviews before, at 24 hours, day 7, 30 and 90 post loading dose. The primary outcome was the proportion of responders defined as a 50% reduction in pain intensity 24 hours post loading dose. Results We included 15 patients. Nine patients (60%) were responders. Pain intensity 24 hours post loading dose was reduced by 5.00 points on the numerical rating scale (p < 0.001), and at day 7 by 5.5 points (p < 0.001). The most common side effects were hypotension and dizziness. Conclusion Intravenous fosphenytoin relieves trigeminal neuralgia pain in most patients and provides a window for titrating prophylactic trigeminal neuralgia medications or planning neurosurgery. The decision to administer intravenous fosphenytoin should be taken with support from trigeminal neuralgia experts and involves considerations of co-morbidities and other treatment options for acute exacerbation of trigeminal neuralgia. Clinical Trial: Preregistered (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03712254
Effect of endoscopic urethral procedures applied after robotic radical prostatectomy on urinary incontinence: A prospective cohort pilot study
Authors: Unal Selman , Kutluhan Musab Ali , Okulu Emrah , Ozayar Asim , Kayigil Onder 
Published: April 2022

Objectives: The most common complications after radical prostatectomy (RP) are erectile dysfunction (ED) and urinary incontinence (UI). After RP, patients may require endoscopic urethral procedures (EUP) for other urological diseases such as hematuria, urinary system stone disease, and suspicion of bladder tumor. In clinical practice we observed that EUP performed after robot assisted RP (RARP) can cause an increase in the UI level. In this study, we investigated whether there is a change in the UI level in patients that underwent EUP after RARP and whether this change was affected by the duration of the procedure and type of endoscopic device used. Material and methods: Twenty-six patients were included who underwent EUP after RARP in this study. The patients were divided into three groups based on the endoscopic device used: group 1 rigid cystoscopy ( n =  9), group 2 flexible cystoscopy ( n =  7), and group 3 semi-rigid ureterorenoscopy (URS) ( n =  10). The Turkish version of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-SF) and the number of pads used daily was questioned before the EUP and 1  month after the procedure. Results: While a significant increase in ICIQ-SF score was observed in group 1 ( p =  0.027), no significant increase was observed in group 2 and group 3 ( p >  0.05). No significant difference was observed between the number of pads used preoperatively and the postoperative first month in all groups ( p >  0.05). There was no significant correlation between increased operation time and both the pad usage and ICIQ-SF score ( p >  0.05). Conclusion: The use of small diameter endoscopic instruments and flexible instruments is important for patient comfort and to avoid damage to urethrovesical anastomosis in patients who need to undergo EUP after RP.
Categories of Intimate Partner Violence and Abuse Among Young Women and Men: Latent Class Analysis of Psychological, Physical, and Sexual Victimization and Perpetration in a UK Birth Cohort
Authors: Herbert Annie , Fraser Abigail , Howe Laura D. , Szilassy Eszter , Barnes Maria , Feder Gene , Barter Christine , Heron Jon 
Published: April 2022

Background In the UK, around one-third of young people are exposed to Intimate Partner Violence and Abuse (IPVA) by 21 years old. However, types of IPVA victimization in this population (psychological, physical, sexual), and their relationship with impact and perpetration are poorly understood. Methods Participants in a UK birth cohort reported IPVA victimization and perpetration by age 21. We carried out a latent class analysis, where we categorized IPVA by types/frequency of victimization, and then assigned individuals to their most probable class. Within these classes, we then estimated rates of reported: 1) types of negative impacts (sad, upset/unhappy, anxious, depressed, affected work/studies, angry/annoyed, drank/took drugs more); 2) types/frequency of perpetration. Results Among 2130 women and 1149 men, 32% and 24% reported IPVA victimization (of which 89% and 73% reported negative impact); 21% and 16% perpetration. Victimization responses were well represented by five classes, including three apparent in both sexes: No-low victimization (characterized by low probabilities of all types of victimization; average probabilities of women and men belonging to this class were 82% and 70%); Mainly psychological (15% and 12%); Psychological and physical victimization (4% and 7%), and two classes that were specific to women: Psychological and sexual (7%); Multi-victimization (frequent victimization for all three types; 4%). In women, all types of negative impact were most common in the Psychological and sexual and Multi-victimization classes; for men, the Psychological and physical class. In women, all types of perpetration were most common for the Mainly psychological, Psychological and physical and Multi-victimization classes; in men, the Mainly psychological and Psychological and physical classes. Discussion In this study of young people, we found categories of co-occurrence of types and frequency of IPVA victimization associated with differential rates of negative impact and perpetrating IPVA. This is consistent with emerging evidence of IPVA differentiation and its variable impact in other populations.
Synthesis of a highly efficient flame retardant containing triazine and pentaerythritol phosphate groups and its intumescent flame retardancy on epoxy resin
Authors: Liu Shengpeng , Wei Huan , Xiong Yun , Ding Yigang , Xu Lili 
Published: April 2022

A novel phosphorus-nitrogen-containing flame retardant (DOPT) has been successfully synthesized via the substitution reaction of cyanuric chloride, pentaerythritol phosphate and 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide. The chemical structure of DOPT was confirmed by 1H, 31P and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Then, flame retardants were added to epoxy resin to prepare epoxy resin composites by pouring method. Thermal properties, flame retardancy, and combustion behavior of epoxy resin composites were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis, vertical burning, limiting oxygen index and cone calorimeter test. Thermogravimetric analysis test showed that the carbon residue rate of DOPT at 800°C reached 52.53%, which indicated that the introduction of high-efficiency char-forming agent triazine and pentaerythritol phosphate groups could significantly improve its char-forming performance and thermal stability. The epoxy resin composite achieved vertical burning V-0 grade and the limiting oxygen index value reached 35.5% when 7 wt% DOPT was incorporated. Furthermore, the cone calorimeter test results manifested that the addition of DOPT stimulated degradation of the epoxy resin matrix during the combustion process and accelerated the formation of an expanded and dense carbon layer. Additionally, the incombustible gas produced during the decomposition of DOPT had played a flame-retardant effect in the gas phase. Hence, compared with neat epoxy resin, the total heat release and total smoke production of the EP-7 wt% DOPT composite decreased by 14.0% and 25.3%, respectively. Moreover, owing to the excellent compatibility and the strong interface effect between DOPT and epoxy resin, the addition of DOPT also enhanced the mechanical and fire resistance properties of the epoxy resin composite. Therefore, it is proposed that DOPT could be exploited as an economical and high-efficiency flame retardant, and it has considerable prospects in flame retardant epoxy resin composites.
Experimental study on direct ignition of blast furnace gas by plasma igniter in a gas turbine combustor
Authors: You Binchuan , Liu Xiao , Kong Long , Yang Jialong , Chen Mingmin , Zheng Hongtao , Li Shuying 
Published: April 2022

Direct ignition of a gas turbine combustor using blast furnace gas fuel has become a critical issue at present. As an alternative technology of traditional spark plug ignition, plasma-assisted ignition has excellent performance in the gas turbine combustor. In this paper, the ignition system is designed to conduct a direct ignition experiment using the plasma and spark plug igniter. Then, the plasma jet characteristics, ignition limit, and flame propagation of the blast furnace gas combustor are analyzed. The results show that, using blast furnace gas fuel in the gas turbine combustor, the direct ignition of spark plug igniter fails and direct ignition of the plasma igniter succeeds. The jet from the plasma igniter is conical with a length of 30 mm and a diameter of 8 mm, which contains various active species (O、, O*、, O+、, O2+、, N2*, and, N2+). With the increase of air flow rate in the combustor, the equivalence ratio of plasma ignition limit increases from 0.7 to 0.83, and the time required for successful ignition increases from 860 ms to 4300 ms. Meanwhile, the flame propagates from a unidirectional mode to a bidirectional mode in the combustor. The laminar flame characteristics and ignition delay time of BFG/air mixtures were investigated by CHEMKIN package using the Gri-Mech 3.0 model. The active species in the plasma jet can shorten the ignition delay time from 1E-4s to 1E-5s and improve the laminar burning velocities from 7.58 cm/s to 10.90 cm/s. A large-scale initial flame kernel with concentrated energy is formed rapidly so that the flame can successfully propagate to the recirculation zone and burn stably. Finally, the blast furnace gas fuel was successfully ignited directly by the plasma igniter.
COVID-19 Pandemic Associated With Increased Self-reported Depressive Symptoms in Patients With Congenital Craniofacial Diagnoses
Authors: Huang Kelly X. , Oberoi Michelle K. , Caprini Rachel M. , Hu Vivian J. , Malapati Sri Harshini , Mirzaie Sarah , Bedar Meiwand , Patel Harsh , Lee Justine C. 
Published: April 2022

Objective The current study investigated the influence of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on patients with congenital craniofacial diagnoses. Methods Patients (n = 66) with craniofacial diagnoses aged between 8 and 17 were prospectively evaluated with longitudinal psychosocial assessments using the anger, anxiety, depressive symptoms, and peer relationships instruments within the pediatric Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS). The COVID-19 cohort (n = 33) included patients with assessments within 2 years prior to the pandemic (t0) and during the pandemic (t1; March 2020 to March 2021). An age-matched comparison cohort (n = 33) with similar demographics and diagnoses included patients assessed twice over 3 years prior to the pandemic. Results All PROMIS measures were in the average range clinically for both groups across time points. However, the COVID-19 group reported a significant increase in depressive symptoms during the pandemic (t1) compared to pre-pandemic (t0) scores (48.2 ± 10.1 vs 44.3 ± 9.4, P = .04, d = −0.37), while the comparison group did not demonstrate any differences in psychosocial functioning between t0 and t1. For the COVID-19 cohort, only the pandemic timeframe ( r = 0.21, P = .03) was significantly associated with increased depressive symptom scores, and no other sociodemographic or medical variables were associated with depressive symptoms. Conclusions Self-reported depressive symptoms increased during the COVID-19 pandemic in patients with congenital craniofacial diagnoses. Longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate whether such changes will be persistent or compound known variables associated with psychosocial functioning.
Genetic Profiling in Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Referred for Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Kwiecinska Kinga , Strojny Wojciech , Bik-Multanowski Miroslaw , Michal Korostynski  , Piechota Marcin , Balwierz Walentyna , Szymon Skoczen  
Published: April 2022

Introduction Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the essential and often the only curative therapeutic option in high risk and relapsed pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Methods The objective of the study was to investigate whole-genome expression in children with high risk or relapsed ALL referred for HSCT. Gene expression was assessed in 18 children with ALL referred for HSCT (10 high risk, 8 relapsed; median age of 9.4 years) and in a control group of 38 obese children (median age of 14.1 years). Whole-genome expression was assessed in leukocytes using GeneChip® HumanGene 1.0 ST microarray. Results The analysis of genomic profiles revealed a significantly lower expression of 21 genes with a defined function, involved in immunoglobulin production, lymphocyte function, or regulation of DNA processing in ALL patients referred for HSCT compared with the control group. Conclusion Genome expression of patients with ALL in remission referred to HSCT revealed deep immunosuppression of both B-cell and T-cell lineages, which may increase the probability of donor cell engraftment.
Neuropsychological characteristics of children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Sluggish Cognitive Tempo
Authors: Wu Zhao-Min , Liu Juan , Wang Peng , Wang Yu-Feng , Yang Bin-Rang 
Published: April 2022

Objective: The present study aims to explore the neuropsychological features of children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT). Methods: Fifty-eight children with ADHD+SCT, 480 children with ADHD-SCT, and 105 healthy controls (HC) were recruited. Neuropsychological tests and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) were used. Results: The ADHD+SCT group performed worse than the HC in processing speed ( p = .005), set-shifting ( p = .0003), interference control ( p = .00014), and visual memory ( p = .007), while the ADHD-SCT group performed worse than the HC in sustained attention measurements (all p < .0001). The ADHD+SCT group scored higher than the ADHD-SCT group in the following factors from BRIEF: plan/organize ( p = .00083), working memory ( p < .001), and shift ( p = .0054). Conclusion: Our results indicated that SCT symptoms are associated with worse executive function in children with ADHD except for sustained attention.
Upper urolithiasis in cats with chronic kidney disease: prevalence and investigation of serum and urinary calcium concentrations
Authors: Hsu Huai-hsun , Ueno Shion , Miyakawa Hirosumi , Ogawa Mizuki , Miyagawa Yuichi , Takemura Naoyuki 
Published: April 2022

Objectives This study aimed to define the prevalence of upper urolithiasis in cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a referral population, and to compare urinary calcium:creatinine ratio (UCa:Cr), and total and ionised calcium between cats with CKD with and without upper urolithiasis. Methods The medical records of cats diagnosed with CKD were reviewed for signalment, body weight, diet and prevalence of upper urolithiasis. Cats with preserved urine samples were further classified into two groups: urolithiasis group (upper urolithiasis identified by abdominal ultrasonography) and control group (CKD of unknown origin). Serum biochemical analysis, CKD stage, blood gas analysis, urine specific gravity and UCa:Cr were compared between groups using a two-sample t-test or Mann–Whitney U-test for continuous variable and a χ2 test or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors. Results Among the 140 cats with CKD, the prevalence of upper urolithiasis was 73%. Fifty cats (5, 29 and 16 cats with CKD stages 1, 2 and 3, respectively) with urine samples met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Among cats with CKD, being purebred (odds ratio [OR] = 81.56; P = 0.03) and being fed dry food only (OR = 25.06; P = 0.001) were identified as independent upper urolithiasis risk factors; those with upper urolithiasis were more likely to be exclusively fed with urine-acidifying food ( P <0.001) and have increased serum ionised calcium (iCa) ( P = 0.044), fractional excretion of calcium ( P = 0.45) and UCa:Cr ( P = 0.005) than cats with CKD without upper urolithiasis. Conclusions and relevance Cats with CKD that were purebred, fed dry food and fed urine-acidifying food only often had upper urolithiasis. A higher UCa:Cr may be a result of increased serum iCa and may cause upper urolithiasis.
Evaluation of potential thiamazole exposure of owners of orally treated hyperthyroid cats
Authors: Schils Gaëlle , De Paepe Ellen , Lapauw Bruno , Vanden Broecke Ellen , Van Mulders Laurens , Vanhaecke Lynn , Lyssens Aurélie , Stammeleer Lisa , Daminet Sylvie 
Published: April 2022

Objectives The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of traces of thiamazole in the urine of owners of hyperthyroid cats treated with antithyroid drugs. Methods Urine was collected from 24 owners of hyperthyroid cats, five human patients treated with thiamazole and five healthy humans without any contact with antithyroid drugs. All owners of hyperthyroid cats were asked to fill out a questionnaire. Urine of hyperthyroid cats was collected by spontaneous micturition. All urine samples were stored at −20°C until analysis by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Results These owners were assessed to have a lot of contact with their cat. Adherence to antithyroid medication handling guidelines was rather poor. High concentrations of thiamazole were detected in all feline samples (median concentration 2818 ng/ml; range 104–15,127) and in the urine of all human patients treated with thiamazole (median concentration 4153 ng/ml; range 1826–5009). No thiamazole was detected in the urine of owners of hyperthyroid cats (limit of detection 3.88 ng/ml; limit of quantification 11.75 ng/ml). Conclusions and relevance The results regarding the potential exposure of owners of hyperthyroid cats to antithyroid drugs are reassuring. Nevertheless, prudence is still warranted when administering antithyroid drugs. Whether these results can be extrapolated to the use of transdermal application requires further investigation.
Barriers and adherence to glaucoma medication in a paediatric glaucoma population: A cross-sectional survey in central Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Dawood Amirah , Ahmad Khabir , Al-Salman Salma , Al Hussan Felwa , Al Houssien Abdullah , Al-Shahwan Sami , Khandekar Rajiv , Edward Deepak P 
Published: April 2022

PurposeTo examine barriers and adherence to topical glaucoma medication in a pediatric glaucoma population in Saudi Arabia.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was undertaken at the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during 2016–2017. Parents (father or mother) of children aged 6 months to 15 years with a history of glaucoma were interviewed. Rasch analysis was performed to assess the psychometric properties of the developed 12-item barriers-to-adherence tool (BAT-12) and to identify barriers deemed highly important. The 12-items were adapted from previous studies examining different barriers to adherence in different populations. Medication adherence was assessed by asking parents a series of closed-ended questions about the frequency of missed medications. Determinants of missed medications on at least 1 out of the last 3 days were examined using Poisson regression.ResultsOne hundred and six parents were interviewed. The 12-item scale had acceptable psychometric properties. Barriers deemed important were forgetfulness (logit −0.59), complex dosing regimen (logit 0.09), and being too busy with other work/activities (logit 0.14). When asked how often, on average, their child missed the prescribed medication, 26 (24.5%) reported daily, 17(16.0%) reported few times per week, and 32 (30.2%) reported once per week. A third of parents (n = 37, 34.9%) reported having missed giving all drops on at least one day in the last 3 days. Poisson regression with robust variance revealed that increase in age of the child (prevalence ratio, 1.08 [95% CI, 1.03–1.14]; p = 0.003) and increase in parents’ barriers score (prevalence ratio, 2.13 [95% CI, 1.49, 3.03]; p < 0.001) were significantly associated with having missed medications on at least one out of the last three days while adjusting for the effect of father's current employment status and area of residence.ConclusionsThe tool we used to examine barriers to glaucoma medication had acceptable psychometric properties and could be used and strengthened in future studies. Our study highlights poor adherence to glaucoma medications among children with glaucoma.