bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting Mortality in Elderly Spine Trauma Patients
Authors: Carlile Catherine R. , Rees Andrew B. , Schultz Jacob D. , Steinle Anthony M. , Nian Hui , Smith Melissa D. , Guillamondegui Oscar , Archer Kristin R. , Pennings Jacquelyn S. , Zuckerman Scott L. , Abtahi Amir M. , Stephens Byron F. 
Published: April 2022

Study Design.
Retrospective analysis on prospectively collected data.

Objective.
The aim of this study was to construct a clinical prediction model for 90-day mortality in elderly patients with traumatic spine injuries.

Summary of Background Data.
Spine trauma in the elderly population is increasing. Comparing elderly spine trauma patients to younger patients with similar injuries proves challenging due to the extensive comorbidities and frailty found in the elderly. There is a paucity of evidence to predict survival of elderly patients following traumatic spinal injuries.

Methods.
All patients 65+ with spine trauma presenting to a level I trauma center from 2010 to 2019 were reviewed from a prospectively maintained trauma registry. Retrospective chart review was performed to record injury, frailty scores, comorbidities, presence of spinal cord injury, imaging evidence of sarcopenia and osteopenia, mortality, and complications. We preselected 13 variables for our multivariable logistic regression model: hypotension on admission, gender, marital status, age, max Abbreviated Injury Scale, Modified Frailty Index, surgical treatment, hematocrit, white blood count, spinal cord injury, closed head injury, injury level and presence of high energy mechanism. The performance of the prediction model was evaluated using a concordance index and calibration plot. The model was internally validated via bootstrap approach.

Results.
Over the 9-year period, 1746 patients met inclusion criteria; 359 (20.6%) patients died within 90 days after presenting with spine trauma. The most important predictors for 90-day mortality were age, hypotension, closed head injury, max Abbreviated Injury Scale and hematocrit. There was an optimism-corrected C-index of 0.77. A calculator was created to predict a personalized mortality risk.

Conclusion.
The incidence of spine trauma in elderly patients continues to increase. Previous publications described preexisting conditions that imply increased mortality, but ours is the first to develop a predictive calculator. Prospective research is planned to externally validate this model to better determine its predictive value and utility in the clinical setting.
Evolution of Proximal Junctional Kyphosis and Proximal Junctional Failure Rates Over 10 Years of Enrollment in a Prospective Multicenter Adult Spinal Deformity Database
Authors: Alshabab Basel Sheikh , Lafage Renaud , Smith Justin S. , Kim Han Jo , Mundis Gregory , Klineberg Eric , Shaffrey Christopher , Daniels Alan , Ames Christopher , Gupta Munish , Burton Douglas , Hostin Richard , Bess Shay , Schwab Frank , Lafage Virginie ,   on behalf of the International Spine Study Group ISSG
Published: April 2022

Study Design.
Retrospective cohort study.

Objective.
The aim of this study was to investigate the evolution of proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) rate over 10-year enrollment period within a prospective database.

Summary of Background Data.
PJK is a common complication following adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery and has been intensively studied over the last decade.

Methods.
Patients with instrumentation extended to the pelvis and minimum 2-year follow-up were included. To investigate evolution of PJK/proximal junctional failure (PJF) rate, a moving average of 321 patients was calculated across the enrollment period. Logistic regression was used to investigate the association between the date of surgery (DOS) and PJK and/or PJF. Comparison of PJK/PJF rates, demographics, and surgical strategies was performed between the first and second half of the cohort.

Results.
A total of 641 patients met inclusion criteria (age: 64±10 years, 78.2% female, body mass index: 28.3±5.7). The overall rate of radiographic PJK at 2 years was 47.9%; 12.9% of the patients developed PJF, with 31.3% being revised within 2-year follow-up. Stratification by DOS produced two halves. Between these two periods, rate of PJK and PJF demonstrated nonsignificant decrease (50.3%–45.5%, P=0.22) and (15.0%–10.9%, P=0.12), respectively. Linear interpolation suggested a decrease of 1.2% PJK per year and 1.0% for PJF. Patients enrolled later in the study were older and more likely to be classified as pure sagittal deformity (P<0.001). There was a significant reduction in the use of three-column osteotomies (P<0.001), an increase in anterior longitudinal ligament release (P<0.001), and an increase in the use of PJK prophylaxis (31.3% vs 55.1%). Logistical regression demonstrated no significant association between DOS and radiographic PJK (P=0.19) or PJF (P=0.39).

Conclusion.
Despite extensive research examining risk factors for PJK/PJF and increasing utilization of intraoperative PJK prophylaxis techniques, the rate of radiographic PJK and/or PJF did not significantly decrease across the 10-year enrollment period of this ASD database.
Invalid Results in the GetaKit Study in Ottawa: A Real-World Observation of the INSTI® HIV Self-test Among Persons At Risk for HIV
Authors: O'Byrne Patrick , Musten Alexandra , Orser Lauren , Horvath Cynthia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
HIV self-testing corresponds with more frequent testing, better user satisfaction, and higher positivity rates compared with clinic-based testing. We implemented an open cohort prospective observational study, which provided a website through which persons could do online HIV self-assessments and, if eligible, receive a free HIV self-test. We implemented this project on July 20, 2021 and used the bioLytical INSTI® test. Herein, we describe the number of tests participants reported as invalid, which started at a rate of one fifth of all ordered tests and decreased to 8% after we provided more instructions on completing the test. Our data suggest that a high rate of invalids occur with self-testing in the real-world. Although this has cost implications, we feel this rate is acceptable, considering that 25% of our cohort reported no previous HIV testing. Our take-away message is that HIV self-testing requires additional supports and resources to function as an effective testing intervention.
The Collaborative Clinical Learning Experience in Physical Therapy: Student and Instructor Perspectives
Authors: Wolff-Burke Melissa , Fergus Andrea , Ferrone Deanna , Moulder Anthony , Thompson Kayla , Whitley John 
Published: April 2022

Introduction.
A clinical collaborative learning experience (CCLE) is a viable clinical education model in physical therapy (PT). The purposes of this study were to 1) examine factors perceived to influence a successful CCLE, and 2) examine processes that make it successful.

Review of Literature.
Factors contributing to a successful CCLE, including teaching strategies, student characteristics, and environment, have been reported. The processes that occur during a CCLE that influence its success have not been studied.

Subjects.
Twenty-nine students and 18 clinical instructors (CIs) involved in CCLEs.

Methods.
Using a grounded theory approach, phase 1 examined perceived factors contributing to efficacy of the CCLE through surveys and focus groups. Phase 2 examined the processes involved in team building, leading to an effective CCLE through journals and focus groups.

Results.
Student and clinic factors were perceived to affect the success of the CCLE. The evolution of an effective team that depended on effective communication was deemed the cornerstone of a successful CCLE. The student strategies of self-reflection, idea sharing, and active observation along with clinic-driven strategies of role assignment and a positive learning environment fostered team development. All students in the CCLE were successful as measured by the Clinical Performance Instrument (full-time experiences) and the integrated clinical experience evaluation supporting the trustworthiness of the qualitative findings.

Discussion and Conclusion.
These findings expand the considerations for an effective CCLE and provide a basis for understanding the processes involved in a successful CCLE. This process is focused on developing an effective student–CI team. Preparation and training of students and CIs in the importance of team development and strategies to achieve this are warranted. The CCLE may address the shortage of clinical placements in PT and enhance the learning that occurs in PT clinical education.
Quebec Health-related Quality of Life Population Norms in Adults Using the SF-6Dv2
Authors: Poder Thomas G. , Carrier Nathalie 
Published: April 2022

Objective:
The Short-Form 6-Dimension version 2 (SF-6Dv2) is the newest version of the Short-Form 6-Dimension (SF-6D) that is widely used to calculate quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). The aim of this study was to produce Quebec population norms from the SF-6Dv2.

Methods:
An online survey was conducted in the adult general population. Data was stratified by various sociodemographic characteristics, such as age, sex, body mass index, history of illness, and health problems.

Results:
A total of 4175 respondents completed the SF-6Dv2. Mean (95% confidence interval) and median (interquartile range) utility scores were 0.692 (0.684–0.700) and 0.780 (0.607–0.866), respectively. Floor and ceiling effect corresponded to 0.05% and 3.1%, respectively. Men, nonsmoker, higher education, and employed people had significantly higher scores, while lower scores were found for those with a history of illness and a lower life satisfaction. Those reporting a health problem presented significant lower mean utility scores ranging from 0.340 (nervous problem) to 0.623 (diabetes) for men and from 0.207 (genitourinary) to 0.578 (diabetes) for women as compared with those without health problem (0.793 for men and 0.750 for women).

Conclusion:
This study is the first to provide utility score norms for SF-6Dv2 in the adult general population of Quebec. It also highlighted significant differences among various health problems that can be used to compare populations in studies that do not have a control group.
Decreased Empathy Response to Other’s Pain in Parents of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Qiu Xiaotong , Li Xiaoming , Zhang Shunhua 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We aimed to investigate pain empathy ability and self-reported empathy among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Twenty-four parents of children with ASD and 26 parents of typically developing children completed the Empathy Quotient (EQ) self-report scale and responded to painful or neutral images during an empathy-for-pain paradigm test. Parents of children with ASD had lower EQ scores, lower accuracy, and longer reaction time (RT) for pain empathy task response (all p < 0.05) compared with controls. There was a negative relationship between cognitive empathy, social skills, total EQ scores, and RT of response in parents of children with ASD. Our findings indicate that self-reported empathy deficits and decreased empathy response to the sight of others’ pain in parents of children with ASD are part of a broader autistic phenotype.
The Effect of Intranasal Oxytocin on the Association Between Couple Interaction and Sleep: A Placebo-Controlled Study
Authors: Doerr Johanna M. , Klaus Kristina , Troxel Wendy , Nater Urs M. , Bodenmann Guy , Heinrichs Markus , Ehlert Ulrike , Ditzen Beate 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective
Although most people in romantic relationships cosleep, biosocial modulators of sleep quality have only recently come into focus. Oxytocin (OT) might be one such modulator, as it had been shown to increase social attachment and safety. We investigated the association between everyday life couple interaction and sleep quality, as well as the effects of OT on this association.

Methods
Eighty heterosexual couples (N = 160 individuals, mean [standard deviation] age = 28 [5] years) were randomized to self-administer a) 32 international units of intranasal OT or b) placebo during 5 consecutive days. Each morning, they reported on sleep quality, and on subjective feelings of closeness and valence of couple interaction at a maximum of four times a day. Data were analyzed using hierarchical linear models.

Results
Subjective closeness (B = 0.43, t(73) = 3.80, p < .001) and valence (negative − positive) of couple interaction (B = 0.50, t(73) = 3.91, p < .001) were positively associated with sleep quality. Persons with OT reported higher levels of sleep quality than those without (B = 0.47, t(74) = 2.32, p = .023). The association between closeness and sleep quality was stronger with OT than without (OT by closeness: B = 0.31, t(72) = 2.29, p = .025; OT by valence of interaction: B = 0.27, t(72) = 1.77, p = .081). Whereas the effect of couple interaction on sleep quality was strong in men, the OT effects were especially pronounced in women.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that enhancing closeness and positive couple interaction in cosleeping partners might be a way to improve sleep quality. The moderating effects of OT and sex on the association between couple interaction and sleep quality can have important implications for sleep therapy.

Trial Registration: The study was preregistered at ClinicalTrials.gov (“Oxytocin, Couple Interaction, and Wound Healing” study, identifier NCT01594775). The present analyses were not preregistered.
State-Level Regulations Regarding the Protection of Sexual Minorities and Birth Outcomes: Results From a Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Everett Bethany G. , Limburg Aubrey , McKetta Sarah , Hatzenbuehler Mark L. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective
We leverage state-level variability in social policies that confer legal protections for sexual minorities (e.g., employment nondiscrimination acts) and examine their association with birth outcomes among sexual minority women.

Methods
We link measures of structural protections (i.e., social policies) to a prospective, population-based cohort of US adults—the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (n = 7913 total singleton births, n = 274 singleton births to bisexual women, n = 53 singleton births to lesbian women)—which includes measurement of key risk factors for birth outcomes over the life course.

Results
Lesbian, gay, bisexual (LGB) policy protections were associated with better birth outcomes for lesbian women. For example, among lesbian women, the predicted birth weight for infants in states with no policy protections was 3.01 kg (95% confidence interval = 2.71–3.30) but was 3.71 kg (95% confidence interval = 3.46–3.96) in states with three or four policy protections. In negative control analyses, there was no association between LGB policy protections and birth outcomes among the nonstigmatized group (i.e., heterosexual women), providing evidence of specificity. Furthermore, in states with the most LGB policy protections, lesbian women were at lower risk for preterm births and had infants with higher birth weights than heterosexual and bisexual women. These associations remained robust after adjusting for 13 risk factors, including demographics, prior and current indicators of socioeconomic status, preconception and perinatal risk factors, and neighborhood characteristics.

Conclusions
These results provide novel evidence that sexual orientation–related policy protections, measured at the state level, are associated with a decreased risk for adverse birth outcomes among lesbian women.
The Mediating Role of Cardiometabolic Dysregulation on the Relation Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Adult Cognition
Authors: Moliner Sheyla , Quinn Jamie M. , Sheffler Julia 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are uncontrollable stressful events during early life that predispose adults to adverse health outcomes, such as impaired cognitive functioning. However, little is known about the factors indirectly impacting this relation. Biological dysregulation may be one pathway that can help explain the relations between ACEs and later cognition. The current study examined the mediating role of cardiometabolic dysregulation on the relation between ACEs and cognition.

Methods
Our study gathered data from 1053 participants using three waves of the Midlife in the United States longitudinal study. Linear regression analyses and bootstrapped mediation analyses were performed to analyze the direct and indirect associations of cardiometabolic dysregulation on ACEs and cognition.

Results
Our results showed a significant linear relationship between ACEs and cardiometabolic dysregulation (b = 0.152, standard error [SE] = 0.056, p = .007), and a significant indirect association, such that cardiometabolic dysregulation mediated the relation between ACEs and cognitive status at wave II (b = −0.007, SE = 0.004, p = .044) and cognitive status at wave III (b = −0.006, SE = 0.003, p .042). There was no significant direct or indirect relation when cognitive change was the outcome variable.

Conclusions
The present study identifies a combined biological pathway that connects ACEs to cognition in late life. These findings supports the need to empirically determine biological mechanism that can be used to develop targeted clinical interventions to prevent the progression of chronic cognitive impairment.
The cost-effectiveness of a resilience-based psychosocial intervention for HIV prevention among MSM in India
Authors: Kazemian Pooyan , Ding Delaney D. , Scott Justine A. , Feser Mary K. , Biello Katie , Thomas Beena E. , Dange Alpana , Bedoya C. Andres , Balu Vinoth , Rawat Shruta , Kumarasamy Nagalingeswaran , Mimiaga Matthew J. , O’Cleirigh Conall , Weinstein Milton C. , Kumar Jacob Prem , Kumar Senthil , Mayer Kenneth H. , Safren Steven A. , Freedberg Kenneth A. 
Published: April 2022

Objective:
MSM in India are at a high risk for HIV infection given psychosocial challenges, sexual orientation stress, and stigma. We examined the cost-effectiveness of a novel resilience-based psychosocial intervention for MSM in India.

Design:
We parameterized a validated microsimulation model (CEPAC) with India-specific data and results from a randomized trial and examined two strategies for MSM: status quo HIV care (SQ), and a trial-based psychosocial intervention (INT) focused on building resilience to stress, improving mental health, and reducing condomless anal sex (CAS).

Methods:
We projected lifetime clinical and economic outcomes for MSM without HIV initially. Intervention effectiveness, defined as reduction in self-reported CAS, was estimated at 38%; cost was $49.37/participant. We used a willingness-to-pay threshold of US$2100 (2019 Indian per capita GDP) per year of life saved (YLS) to define cost-effectiveness. We also assessed the 5-year budget impact of offering this intervention to 20% of Indian MSM.

Results:
Model projections showed the intervention would avert 2940 HIV infections among MSM over 10 years. Over a lifetime horizon, the intervention was cost-effective (ICER = $900/YLS). Results were most sensitive to intervention effectiveness and cost; the intervention remained cost-effective under plausible ranges of these parameters. Offering this intervention in the public sector would require an additional US$28 M over 5 years compared with SQ.

Conclusion:
A resilience-based psychosocial intervention integrated with HIV risk reduction counseling among MSM in India would reduce HIV infections and be cost-effective. Programs using this approach should be expanded as a part of comprehensive HIV prevention in India.
The meV XUV-RIXS facility at UE112-PGM1 of BESSY II
Authors: Bauer Karl , Schmidt Jan-Simon , Eggenstein Frank , Decker Régis , Ruotsalainen Kari , Pietzsch Annette , Blume Thomas , Liu Chun-Yu , Weniger Christian , Siewert Frank , Buchheim Jana , Gwalt Grzegorz , Senf Friedmar , Bischoff Peter , Schwarz Lisa , Effland Klaus , Mast Matthias , Zeschke Thomas , Rudolph Ivo , Meißner Andreas , Föhlisch Alexander 
Published: April 2022

Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering in the XUV-regime has been implemented at BESSY II, pushing for a few-meV bandwidth in inelastic X-ray scattering at transition metal M-edges, rare earth N-edges and the K-edges of light elements up to carbon with full polarization control. The new dedicated low-energy beamline UE112-PGM1 has been designed to provide 1 µm vertical and 20 µm horizontal beam dimensions that serve together with sub-micrometre solid-state sample positioning as the source point for a high-resolution plane grating spectrometer and a high-transmission Rowland spectrometer for rapid overview spectra. The design and commissioning results of the beamline and high-resolution spectrometer are presented. Helium autoionization spectra demonstrate a resolving power of the beamline better than 10 000 at 64 eV with a 300 lines mm−1 grating while the measured resolving power of the spectrometer in the relevant energy range is 3000 to 6000.
An optimized cosine jerk motion profile with higher efficiency and flexibility
Authors: Zhu Qixin , Jin Yusheng , Zhu Yonghong 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a new acceleration/deceleration (acc/dec) algorithm for motion profiles. The motion efficiency, flexibility of the motion profiles and the residual vibration of the movement are discussed in this paper.

Design/methodology/approach
A dynamics model is developed to assess the residual vibration of these two kinds of motion profile. And a Simulink model is created to assess the motion efficiency and flexibility of the motion profiles with the proposed acc/dec algorithm.

Findings
Considering the flexibility of trigonometric motion profiles and the higher motion efficiency of S-curve motion profiles, the authors add the polynomial parts into the jerk profile of the cosine function acc/dec algorithm to hold the jerk when it reaches the maximum so that the motion efficiency can increase and decrease residual vibration at the same time. And the cyclical parameter k shows the decisive factor for the flexibility of trigonometric motion profiles.

Originality/value
Comparing with the traditional motion profiles, the proposed motion profiles have higher motion efficiency and excite less residual vibration. The acc/dec algorithm proposed in this paper is useful for the present motion control and servo system.