bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systems Engineering Methodology for Digital Supply Chain Business Models
Authors: Nuerk Jochen , Dařena František 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTGlobalization and growing business dynamics lead to weakly harmonized supply chain (SC) systems. While smart technology offers innovation opportunities, supply chains often lack the integration needed to fully leverage resources and collaboration. A comprehensive systems engineering (SE)‐driven model for integrated innovation and optimization of smart SC business models is still missing. This study, through case research at SAP SE's Industry 4.0 division and three automotive companies, identifies key digital transformation objectives and interoperability gaps hindering smart opportunities. Systems engineering, supply chain management (SCM), and artificial intelligence (AI) methods were synthesized into a holistic SE‐driven model for transforming and optimizing SC business models. This model integrates management concepts like the theory of ambidexterity and dynamic capabilities, with SE methods capability engineering and complex adaptive systems, and semantic web concepts. Key SE contributions include meta‐modeling multi‐tier SC architectures, ensuring performance and resilience via simulations, and balancing value exploration and exploitation. Moreover, semantic harmonized and profit‐optimized SC ecosystems enable collaborative innovation for flexible, efficient manufacturing—a core Industry 4.0 principle. This SE‐driven model, validated by experts, provides a concise view of digital SC business models and a driver of generative design.
Sustainability Data Map: Framework for Data-Based Product Carbon Footprinting of Technical Products
Authors: Schreiner Nick , Kürpick Christian , Kühn Arno , Dumitrescu Roman 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGrowing awareness and political regulations increase the pressure on companies to become more sustainable. Manufacturers of technical products in particular face the challenge of decarbonization, as machinery and plants, for instance, have an impact on the emissions of almost all industries. However, information on the Product Carbon Footprint (PCF) is often not transparent for manufacturing companies. Digitalization has proven to be a key enabler, as up to 90% of manufacturers’ emissions occur along the value chain, making it impossible to calculate the PCF without data. However, identifying the necessary data and the corresponding IT system is a major challenge, especially for technical products. The Sustainability Data Map supports the identification and structuring of relevant data and its sources for product carbon footprinting across all product lifecycle phases. In addition, the Sustainability Data Map serves as a workshop-based medium to communicate and integrate all relevant stakeholders in the value chain. It is based on an existing data map that has been extended to include the criteria required for PCF determination. As a result, the Sustainability Data Map enables manufacturing companies to create more transparency about the data needed to assess the PCF of technical products.
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of a Circular Saw Blade for Wood Processing
Authors: Schreiner F. , Beller M. , Pohle J. , Thorenz B. , Döpper F. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractClimate change and its negative consequences are an inevitable topic that strongly affects all industrial sectors as well as private individuals. Therefore, it is necessary to assess and monitor the environmental impact of products, services, and processes. This paper presents a practical application of an LCA for a circular saw blade used in wood processing. By considering all stages of the circular saw blade’s life cycle, including manufacturing, period of use, and end of life phase, a comprehensive assessment of its environmental impact is provided. The software SimaPro was utilized to conduct the LCA, which involved evaluating each individual element of the circular saw blade. As a result of this study, the environmental impact of the various components of a circular saw blade was quantified, enabling an assessment of its cumulative potential environmental impact. Consequently, recommendations for more sustainable manufacturing, use and disposal of circular saw blades in wood processing are derived from the findings, contributing to an overall improvement in their environmental impact.
Efficient and Sustainable Production of Electrical Machines—Achieving a Higher slot Fill Factor Through an Innovative Forming Process Chain
Authors: Dix M. , Bach M. , Kräusel V. , Wertheim R. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWith the increasing electrification of mobility and the associated growing demand for electric machines, issues of efficient and resource-saving production and operation are becoming ever more central. Therefore, it is important to optimize the design of components, materials and the assembly of electric machines. An example, described in the paper, shows how to increase the slot fill factor of a stator. By optimising the wire content in the slots, electric machines can be made smaller or, at the same size, operate more powerfully resp. efficiently. Various applicable production methods have different drawbacks such as low productivity, high energy and resource consumption, and restrictions for geometric design. Here, forming technology offers remedy in the utilization of material with simple tools and its suitability for mass production. This paper shows the analysed process chain developed at Fraunhofer IWU for the forming-based production of coils with trapezoidal cross-sectional geometry. The investigation results provide a more sustainable structure and an efficient process chain.
Scenario-Based Life Cycle Assessment of an Automotive Wire Harness
Authors: Funk Felix , Nguyen Huong Giang , Franke Jörg 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWire harnesses are one of the the largest purchased part for many automotive Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs). They are highly complex assembly products, consisting of hundreds of wires, electrical connectors, electronic parts, and ancillary materials such as tape. Assembly still is a largely manual process, as the complexity of the wire handling and low level of standardization and digitization pose a challenge to automation efforts. Wire harnesses are expected to increase in complexity and size due to current developments in the automotive sector, namely electromobility, autonomous driving, and digitalization. As a result, the importance of these products to the overall environmental impact of vehicles is likely to increase, with copper playing a significant role. In this study, the environmental impacts of a rear door wire harness are quantified by performing a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), considering the life cycle from cradle to gate and based on different supply chain scenarios. The impact of sourcing and transport is shown and potential for improvement is derived, especially with regard to reshoring and automation.
Aligning Strategic Priorities in Manufacturing and Sustainable Operational Practices in Firms: Exploration and Evidence in North-East Colombia
Authors: Reyes-Rodríguez Juan Felipe , del Cairo-Jiménez María Nikolle , Martínez-Zúñiga Liza María 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRecently, issues such as global warming and ecosystem deterioration have demanded corporate actions towards a responsible orientation to operations. Particularly, manufacturing firms can exhibit such a responsible orientation through the implementation of sustainable operational practices (SOP). Such practices can also pave the way to consolidate the different strategic priorities in manufacturing (SPM) that drive business value. Based on a sample of 412 manufacturing firms in Bucaramanga, Colombia, the purpose of this study is to characterize different portfolios of SOP as well as profiles of firms based on their SPM. Results evidence three forms of SOP, related to: (i) product design and transformation, (ii) supply chain, and (iii) reverse logistics. Furthermore, sampled firms exhibit four main SPM: (i) natural environment and social responsibility, (ii) flexibility, (iii) innovation and efficiency, and (iv) quality and customer satisfaction. Results show that there are remarkable differences regarding SOP related to product design and transformation as well as supply chain across profiles of SPM. Notwithstanding, the extent of implementation of reverse logistics takes place regardless of their SPM. The study contributes to an increased understanding of how firms adopt a more responsible behavior. Furthermore, the study provides evidence concerning the articulation of such organizational response and the priorities to capture value in manufacturing.
Frontloading Approach for Energy Efficiency in Forming Technology
Authors: Kluy L. , Becker M. , Wächter A. , Groche P. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe early stages of forming process development offer a high degree of design freedom and therefore cost advantages in implementing energy efficiency measures. However, this potential often remains unused in industrial applications due to the lack of a cost-efficient and simple approach.This frontloading approach addresses the specifics of forming process development in existing production environments and bridges the gap between new development and retrofitting in SMEs. Four steps from analysis to modelling and measures to implementation provide an easy-to-follow guidance. Key challenges in data collection and uncertainty management are addressed.Using two forming processes as examples (bulk and sheet metal forming), a reduction in total energy consumption is achieved while the productivity remains unchanged. Therefore, the proposed frontloading approach opens up new opportunities for energy efficiency in forming technology.
Eco-sustainable Improvement of Super Duplex Stainless Steel Turning Trough CryoMQL Technique
Authors: Pereira O. , Villarrazo N. , Rodríguez A. , de Lacalle L. N. López , Martínez-Krahmer D. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn machining processes, the environmental footprint reduction is a fact that is been addressed in recent years. In this line, the use of recycled CO2 as cryogenic cutting fluid in those processes is taking advantage in comparison with other lubricooling alternatives to replace oil emulsions in workshops. This technique is characterized by its high cooling capability and its cleaning efficiency. Besides, it is environmentally innocuous due to the CO2 is captured form a primary process to be used as cutting fluid. However, the CO2 has low lubricant properties what implies a challenge to be used in heat resistant alloys because combine both high hardness and low thermal conductivity. Therefore, in this work is explored the use of CO2 combined with biodegradable oil spray under CryoMQL technique for dealing with super duplex stainless steel during turning operations. In particular, the CryoMQL technology was optimized for achieving a successful process through tool life improvement. The results shown that the optimization carried out implies that the use of CryoMQL technique extend tool life a 45% in comparison with the use of conventional oil emulsions, obtaining in this way not only an environmental improvement but also a technical one in this kind of alloys.
Impact of Modified Clamping System on Rotary Swaging Workpiece Surface Quality and Sustainability
Authors: Moazzez Kasra , Langstädtler Lasse , Schenck Christian , Kuhfuss Bernd 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRotary swaging is a sustainable cold forming process that reduces the radius of axis-symmetrical workpieces. The clamping system is a critical part of this process that affects the behavior of the workpiece during the process. The dynamic characteristics of the clamping-workpiece system can affect the process dynamics, such as vibrations in the whole structure, dynamic forces and contact time between the tools and the workpiece, and angular displacement of the workpiece. This research aims to modify the dynamics of the process by changing the contact characteristics between the clamping system and the workpiece. Instead of using a quasi-rigid clamping head, an elastic rubber spacer was tested as a spring-damper element. The study evaluated the impact of this clamping-workpiece system modification on the sustainability of the rotary swaging process in different aspects and surface quality of the final product via roundness and cylindricity measurements. The results could lead to parts that require less post-processing and are closer to a ready-to-use state, depending on the desired application.
Comparison of an Additive with a Subtractive Method from the Perspective of Sustainability
Authors: De Bernardez Leopoldo , Sandre Cristian , Sanguinetti Juan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAdditive Manufacturing (AM) is increasingly used for the manufacture of parts in different industrial sectors and, therefore, it becomes relevant to evaluate the mechanical performance that can be achieved with this process and the possible impacts on the environment compared to traditional processes. In this paper, two alternative production methods for fabricating a standard stainless steel tensile specimen are compared: Selective Laser Melting (SLM) and machining. Functional tests were carried out until the fracture of the pieces. The amount of material used was measured. In addition, the energy consumed to produce the pieces was estimated. Both production processes were compared concerning the measured tensile properties, material consumption, and additional data from the literature. The results obtained from generative design and topological optimization of a part are discussed, as well as the implications regarding the sustainability of the processes.
Entanglement negativity and replica symmetry breaking in general holographic states
Authors: Dong Xi , Kudler-Flam Jonah , Rath Pratik 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The entanglement negativity

$$ \mathcal{E} $$

E

(A : B) is a useful measure of quantum entanglement in bipartite mixed states. In random tensor networks (RTNs), which are related to fixed-area states, it was found in ref. [1] that the dominant saddles computing the even Rényi negativity

$$ {\mathcal{E}}^{(2k)} $$

E

2
k

generically break the ℤ
2k
replica symmetry. This calls into question previous calculations of holographic negativity using 2D CFT techniques that assumed ℤ
2k
replica symmetry and proposed that the negativity was related to the entanglement wedge cross section. In this paper, we resolve this issue by showing that in general holographic states, the saddles computing

$$ {\mathcal{E}}^{(2k)} $$

E

2
k

indeed break the ℤ
2k
replica symmetry.
Our argument involves an identity relating

$$ {\mathcal{E}}^{(2k)} $$

E

2
k

to the k-th Rényi entropy on subregion AB
∗ in the doubled state

$$ {\left.|{\rho}_{AB}\right\rangle}_{A{A}^{\ast }{BB}^{\ast }} $$

ρ
AB

A

A
∗

BB
∗

, from which we see that the ℤ
2k
replica symmetry is broken down to ℤ

k
. For k < 1, which includes the case of

$$ \mathcal{E} $$

E

(A : B) at k = 1/2, we use a modified cosmic brane proposal to derive a new holographic prescription for

$$ {\mathcal{E}}^{(2k)} $$

E

2
k

and show that it is given by a new saddle with multiple cosmic branes anchored to subregions A and B in the original state. Using our prescription, we reproduce known results for the PSSY model and show that our saddle dominates over previously proposed CFT calculations near k = 1. Moreover, we argue that the ℤ
2k
symmetric configurations previously proposed are not gravitational saddles, unlike our proposal. Finally, we contrast holographic calculations with those arising from RTNs with non-maximally entangled links, demonstrating that the qualitative form of backreaction in such RTNs is different from that in gravity.
Cosmology of light towers and swampland constraints
Authors: Casas Gonzalo F. , Ruiz Ignacio 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We study the dynamical evolution of FLRW cosmologies in the presence of a tower of scalar light states and a runaway exponential potential. Some of the attractor solutions have problematic behaviours from the EFT point of view, which we use to argue for restrictions on the possible exponential scalings of the potential and tower characteristic mass as we move towards asymptotic regions in moduli space. These serve as further evidence that the tower mass should not decay faster than the potential or the KK scale associated to the homogeneous decompactification of a single compact dimension. We provide support from different top-down compactifications and connect with previous arguments found in the literature.
On the classical limit of the (sub)n-leading soft graviton theorems in D = 4 without deflection
Authors: Akhtar Samim 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Tree-level gravitational amplitudes satisfy an infinite hierarchy of soft factorization theorems. The existence of these theorems has been recently linked with the existence of an infinite tower of asymptotic symmetries. In this paper, we analyze the relevance of the soft graviton theorems beyond sub-leading order in the context of classical gravitational scattering in four dimensions. More in detail, we show that the infinite impact parameter limit of the late-time gravitational field emitted during a classical scattering can be derived using these factorization theorems. The classical field obtained in this (infinite impact parameter) regime has an expansion in the frequency of the detector where the modes scale as ωn log ω with a vanishing memory.
Laser metal deposition as repair technology for Inconel 718
Authors: Cano-Salinas Lorena , Salem Mehdi , Moussaoui Kamel , Le Roux Sabine , Hor Anis , Zitoune Redouane 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
From an economic and sustainability point of view, repair is considered a promising alternative for high value-added aeronautical materials. In this study, laser metal deposition (LMD) was used for simulating the repair of damaged Inconel 718 (IN718) parts. Grooves were machined in IN718 substrates using abrasive water jet (AWJ) and filled with powdered IN718 alloy. Based on these results, a set of optimal LMD process parameters were selected for depositing material layers on milled substrates with various of roughness and texture levels induced by AWJ machining to evaluate the effect of surface preparation on repair quality. The substrate-deposit repair interfaces were characterized using microscopic analysis and multi-scale hardness tests. The results showed the influence of scan speed on the height of the weld bead, while increasing laser power and scan speed were both found to increase weld bead height. Dilution increased with a decrease in scan speed. Additionally, repair quality was found to be independent of the different surface conditions. Overall, the repairs exhibited excellent weldability, and were free of cracks and lack-of-fusion defects. Furthermore, microhardness measurements yielded higher values of hardness in the deposit area than in the substrate for all repairs.
Grouping of chemicals for safety assessment: the importance of toxicokinetic properties of salicylate esters
Authors: Najjar Abdulkarim , Grégoire Sébastien , Nicol Beate , Natsch Andreas , Golbamaki Nazanin , Boisleve Fanny , Irizar Amaia , Wall Brian , Swinscoe Angus , Masini-Etévé Valérie , Joshi Kaushal , Api Anne Marie , Griem Peter , Reis Allison , Hewitt Nicola J. , Cardamone Estefania 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Grouping of chemicals has been proposed as a strategy to speed up the screening and identification of potential substances of concern among the broad chemical universe under REACH. Such grouping is usually based on shared structural features and should only be used for the prioritization objectives. However, additional considerations (as well as structural similarity) are needed, e.g., mode of action, metabolic pathways, chemical reaction products and physicochemical properties, when regulatory management measures are considered (such as restriction, harmonized classification and labeling). Guidance documents from the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) recommend considering toxicokinetic information to enhance the robustness of the grouping; however, examples of this approach are lacking. Therefore, this paper shares findings on chemical grouping based on ADME data generated for multiple esters of salicylic acid. These differ with respect to chain length and branching of the alcohol moiety of salicylic acid ester, resulting in a wide range of lipophilicity (LogP 0.21–10.88). Since LogP impacts skin absorption, as well as hydrolysis by carboxylesterases, the bioavailability and thus internal exposure to topically applied salicylate esters can vary considerably. Therefore, we collected skin absorption and metabolism data for 41 salicylates using in vitro testing and in silico models and combined the information to group them according to their potential systemic exposure to the major metabolite, salicylic acid. The results show that, despite a similar general chemical structure, their toxicokinetics vary considerably, indicating the need for better understanding of ADME properties to assess the internal exposure for sound risk assessment.
Harnessing the power of microbial fuel cells as pioneering green technology: advancing sustainable energy and wastewater treatment through innovative nanotechnology
Authors: Ali Hadeer E. , Hemdan Bahaa A. , El-Naggar Mehrez E. , El-Liethy Mohamed Azab , Jadhav Dipak A. , El-Hendawy Hoda H. , Ali M. , El-Taweel Gamila E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The purpose of this review is to gain attention about intro the advanced and green technology that has dual action for both clean wastewater and produce energy. Water scarcity and the continuous energy crisis have arisen as major worldwide concerns, requiring the creation of ecologically friendly and sustainable energy alternatives. The rapid exhaustion of fossil resources needs the development of alternative energy sources that reduce carbon emissions while maintaining ecological balance. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) provide a viable option by producing power from the oxidation of organic and biodegradable chemicals using microorganisms as natural catalysts. This technology has sparked widespread attention due to its combined potential to cleanse wastewater and recover energy. The review presents a complete examination of current advances in MFCs technology, with a focus on the crucial role of anode materials in improving their performance. Moreover, different anode materials and their nanoscale modifications are being studied to boost MFC efficiency. This current review also focused on the effects of surface modifications and different anode compositions on power generation and system stability. It also investigates the electrochemical principles behind these enhancements, providing insights into the economic potential of MFCs. MFCs provide a long-term solution to energy and environmental issues by addressing both wastewater treatment and energy production.