bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A meta‐analytic investigation of grey matter differences in anorexia nervosa and autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Sader Michelle , Williams Justin H. G. , Waiter Gordon D. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRecent research reports Anorexia Nervosa (AN) to be highly dependent upon neurobiological function. Some behaviours, particularly concerning food selectivity are found in populations with both Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and AN, and there is a proportionally elevated number of anorexic patients exhibiting symptoms of ASD. We performed a systematic review of structural MRI literature with the aim of identifying common structural neural correlates common to both AN and ASD. Across 46 ASD publications, a meta‐analysis of volumetric differences between ASD and healthy controls revealed no consistently affected brain regions. Meta‐analysis of 23 AN publications revealed increased volume within the orbitofrontal cortex and medial temporal lobe, and adult‐only AN literature revealed differences within the genu of the anterior cingulate cortex. The changes are consistent with alterations in flexible reward‐related learning and episodic memory reported in neuropsychological studies. There was no structural overlap between ASD and AN. Findings suggest no consistent neuroanatomical abnormality associated with ASD, and evidence is lacking to suggest that reported behavioural similarities between those with AN and ASD are due to neuroanatomical structural similarities.
Using titanite to constrain geochronology and physicochemical conditions of hydrothermal mineralization events: A case study of the Duotoushan Fe–Cu deposit, Eastern Tianshan, NW China
Authors: Zhang Weifeng , Zhang Yu , Chen Huayong , Yu Yushuai 
Published: May 2022

As a common Ca‐ and Ti‐ bearing silicate mineral in many types of hydrothermal deposits, titanite usually contains high concentrations of trace elements. Its mineral chemistry and U–Pb isotope can reveal the physicochemical conditions and geochronology of the ore‐forming systems. In this contribution, we present a detailed study on titanite which precipitated during the Fe mineralization in the Duotoushan deposit. Due to coexistence with hydrothermal minerals, low Th/U ratios (0.02–0.3), and depletion in rare earth elements (REE), all the studied titanites are classified into a hydrothermal group. The negative correlation between [REE3+ + (Al, Fe)3+] and [Ca2+ + Ti4+] indicates that REE mainly entered the lattice of titanite via the mechanism of substitution. In addition, titanite grains are characterized by HREE, Zr, and Nb enrichments with LREE depletion, suggesting that the complexation of F− at neutral to alkaline pH conditions may have caused the fractionation of REE. At Duotoushan, the titanite grains coexist with quartz, epidote, amphibole, and magnetite, and exhibit positive Eu anomalies (δEu = 1.04–1.31) but lack Ce anomalies, indicating that ore‐forming fluids may have been derived from a relatively low oxygen fugacity and high fH2O environment. Titanite yielded an in‐situ U–Pb lower‐intercept age of 307.2 ± 4.8 Ma (MSWD = 0.97), consistent with the syn‐ore amphibole 40Ar‐39Ar plateau age (305 ± 6 Ma). Since the mineralization ages are obviously younger than country rocks, the previous syn‐sedimentary ore‐forming model for Duotoushan Fe–Cu mineralization can be excluded. Integrating the characteristics from ore deposit geology, periods of mineralization events, and spatial–temporal distribution of magmatism, we proposed that the Duotoushan Fe–Cu mineralization event may be linked with a hidden granite in its orefield.
Making obstetrics more environmentally sustainable during and beyond the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Eleftheriades Anna , Tsagkaris Christos , Gozderesi Yakup , Panagopoulos Periklis 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe climate crisis has increased the burden of obstetrical care due to the negative impact of environmental disruption on the health of pregnant women, new mothers, foetuses and neonates. During the COVID‐19 pandemic, the ecological footprint of obstetrical care has significantly increased due to the use of personal protective equipment and the provision of large‐scale testing and vaccination of pregnant women and healthcare personnel against COVID‐19. The situation calls for coordinated action to make obstetrics more resource efficient. To achieve this goal, obstetricians need to rationalise the use of electricity, water, paper and plastic, adopt green surgical practices and integrate environmental sustainability in their working culture and personal life at large. The present article discusses the main sources of environmental pollution in obstetrical care and proposes evidence‐based solutions.
Audit committee voluntary disclosure describing external auditor oversight: Does it reflect higher audit quality?
Authors: O'Shaughnessy Denise , Sahyoun Najib , Tervo Wayne 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study examines the association between audit committee voluntary disclosures related to external auditor oversight and audit quality of the top US bank holding companies for a period of 10 years. Using manual coding of the voluntary disclosures that target audit committee oversight of the external auditor, we find that audit committees with a higher level of voluntary disclosures delineating activities of external auditor oversight tend to have a higher audit quality. These results are consistent with the view that audit committees play a major role in overseeing the external audit process as was emphasized by the Sarbanes‐Oxley (SOX) Act. In the case of negligence or wrongdoing, audit committees can be sued for breaching due care; thus, voluntary disclosure is a reliable indicator of the audit committee effectiveness and oversight of the audit process. Using voluntary disclosures in the audit committee report, this research provides useful information to shareholders to evaluate the effectiveness of audit committees in monitoring the external audit process while answering previous calls to investigate the audit committee oversight process (and corresponding effect on audit quality) and not just focusing on audit committee characteristics such as size, expertise, experience, meeting frequency, and audit fees.
NF‐κB as a regulator of cancer metastasis and therapy response: A focus on epithelial–mesenchymal transition
Authors: Mirzaei Sepideh , Saghari Sam , Bassiri Farzaneh , Raesi Rasoul , Zarrabi Ali , Hushmandi Kiavash , Sethi Gautam , Tergaonkar Vinay 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMetastasis of tumor cells is a complex challenge and significantly diminishes the overall survival and prognosis of cancer patients. The epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a well‐known mechanism responsible for the invasiveness of tumor cells. A number of molecular pathways can regulate the EMT mechanism in cancer cells and nuclear factor‐kappaB (NF‐κB) is one of them. The nuclear translocation of NF‐κB p65 can induce the transcription of several genes involved in EMT induction. The present review describes NF‐κB and EMT interaction in cancer cells and their association in cancer progression. Due to the oncogenic role NF‐κB signaling, its activation enhances metastasis of tumor cells via EMT induction. This has been confirmed in various cancers including brain, breast, lung and gastric cancers, among others. The ZEB1/2, transforming growth factor‐β, and Slug as inducers of EMT undergo upregulation by NF‐κB to promote metastasis of tumor cells. After EMT induction driven by NF‐κB, a significant decrease occurs in E‐cadherin levels, while N‐cadherin and vimentin levels undergo an increase. The noncoding RNAs can potentially also function as upstream mediators and modulate NF‐κB/EMT axis in cancers. Moreover, NF‐κB/EMT axis is involved in mediating drug resistance in tumor cells. Thus, suppressing NF‐κB/EMT axis can also promote the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents.
Major moisture source patterns for extreme precipitation events over the Chinese Loess Plateau
Authors: Zhang Mingxi , Zhong Deyu , Huang Wenyu , Zhang Yu , Wang Guangqian , Li Tiejian , Tian Yinglin , Xie Di 
Published: May 2022

AbstractExtreme precipitation (EP) has significant hydrological and environmental influences on the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) during the rainy season (June–September). In this study, we analysed the moisture sources for the EP events over the CLP during the rainy season. Three major moisture source patterns were identified through analysing the moisture source variability across the EP events with a newly developed method combining the Lagrangian moisture diagnostic and a clustering algorithm. South China and North China were determined as the most critical moisture source regions for the EP events over the CLP. The three moisture source patterns corresponded to three EP types, including the CLP‐A type with a high contribution from North China (23.55%, the relative moisture contribution) and a relatively low contribution from South China (13.77%), and the CLP‐B and CLP‐C types, which had limited contributions (10.64% and 13.28%) from North China in common, and exhibited moderately high (19.30%) and extremely high (30.59%) contributions from South China, respectively. The moisture transport pathways for the three EP types were quantitatively analysed in detail. The favourable circulation patterns for the three EP types were further illustrated to reveal the atmospheric conditions for the spatial variations in moisture source patterns. In addition, this study provides a new strategy to analyse the moisture source variability, especially when it is difficult to find an easily manipulated criterion to classify the precipitation events.
Piecewise‐quantile mapping improves bias correction of global climate model daily precipitation towards preserving quantiles and extremes
Authors: Zhang Qin , Gan Yaoyao , Zhang Liping , She Dunxian , Wang Gangsheng , Wang Shuxia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBias correction is a vital technique to correct the climate model outputs for regional studies. Prior bias correction methods such as quantile mapping (QM) may be problematic in correcting extreme values. Herein we proposed a novel bias correction method, that is, the piecewise‐quantile mapping (PQM), by combing piecewise mapping with QM, which implements bias corrections on both extreme and nonextreme data. We compared the PQM method and other six commonly used methods in correcting daily precipitation in the Mekong River Basin (MRB) and the Yangtze River Basin (YRB) from two global climate models (GCMs) (i.e., EC‐Earth3 and MPI‐ESM1‐2‐HR) in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). Our results show that the PQM perform better in bias correction pertaining to both the precipitation percentiles and most of the extremes indices. For example, the mean absolute error of R20mm (the number of days when precipitation ≥20 mm) is significantly reduced from 21.64 to 9.03 days and from 10.96 to 5.71 days over MRB and YRB, respectively. In addition, the PQM could capture the spatial distributions of extremes indices reasonably well. The PQM developed in this study provides more accurate bias correction of the GCMs outputs, which will reduce the uncertainty in the subsequent analyses, such as climate change impacts on hydrological and biogeochemical cycles, particularly under extreme conditions.
Influence of Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm on the mechanical strength of soft tissue allograft
Authors: Sorensen Hanna H. , Magnussen Robert A. , DiBartola Alex C. , Mallory Noah T. , Litsky Alan S. , Stoodley Paul , Swinehart Steven D. , Duerr Robert A. , Kaeding Christopher C. , Flanigan David C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe sought to determine the impact of bacterial inoculation and length of exposure on the mechanical integrity of soft tissue tendon grafts. Cultures of Staphylococcus epidermidis were inoculated on human tibialis posterior cadaveric tendon to grow biofilms. A low inoculum in 10% growth medium was incubated for 30 min to replicate conditions of clinical infection. Growth conditions assessed included inoculum concentrations of 100, 1000, 10,000 colony‐forming units (CFUs). Tests using the MTS Bionix system were performed to assess the influence of bacterial biofilms on tendon strength. Load‐to‐failure testing was performed on the tendons, and the ultimate tensile strength was obtained from the maximal force and the cross‐sectional area. Displacements of tendon origin to maximal displacement were normalized to tendon length to obtain strain values. Tendon force‐displacement and stress‐strain relationships were calculated, and Young's modulus was determined. Elastic modulus and ultimate tensile strength decreased with increasing bioburden. Young's modulus was greater in uninoculated controls compared to tendons inoculated at 10,000 CFU (p = 0.0011) but unaffected by bacterial concentrations of 100 and 1000 CFU (p = 0.054, p = 0.078). Increasing bioburden was associated with decreased peak load to failure (p = 0.043) but was most significant compared to the control under the 10,000 and 1000 CFU growth conditions (p = 0.0005, p = 0.049). The presence of S. epidermidis increased elasticity and decreased ultimate tensile stress of human cadaveric tendons, with increasing effect noted with increasing bioburden.
Appetite‐guided approach to pediatric enteral tube weaning in the home setting: A pilot study
Authors: Grentz Lisa , Furfari Kristin , Keifer Rebekah , Potter Nancy L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundInfants and children, who temporarily use feeding tubes to maintain body composition and growth, often have difficulty resuming oral feeds once medically stable. We report survey results from Growing Independent Eaters (GIE), an interdisciplinary approach providing home‐based virtual support during a child‐led appetite‐guided enteral wean.MethodSurveys addressing participant wean success, weight, and feeding practices were sent to 76 families who participated in a GIE‐led wean; 31 surveys were completed and returned.ResultsAll participants who were not eating or drinking orally prewean were fully or partially weaned off enteral support. Infants weaned faster (37.7 days) than children (80.1 days). Mean weight loss during the intervention was 6.6% for infants and 5.9% for children. Six months postwean, 93% of participants surpassed their prewean weight.ConclusionThe GIE method was successful for weaning infants and children off enteral support.
Polyimidazolyl acetate ionic liquid grafted on cellulose filter paper as thin‐film extraction phase for extraction of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs from water
Authors: Li Pei‐Ying , Zhao Jia‐Hui , Li Nian , Liu Bo , Zhang Wen‐Ge , Zhu Zi‐Fan , Yan Chao , Xiao Ning‐Lan , Lai Hua‐Jie 
Published: May 2022

Recently, pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the water environment exhibited potential risks to both human and aquatic organisms. In order to improve the sensitivity and accuracy of pharmaceutical detection, the polyimidazolyl acetate ionic liquid was synthesized by Radziszewski reaction and coated on cellulose filter papers as a thin‐film extraction phase for extraction of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs from water. The attenuated total reflection‐infrared spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscope analyses demonstrated that the polyimidazolyl acetate ionic liquid was successfully prepared and attached to the surface of the cellulose filter paper through chemical bonding. The adsorption capacity of the homemade thin‐film extraction material for the four non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs was greater than 8898 ng/cm2 under the optimum conditions, and the desorption rate was over 90%. Then, a paper‐based thin‐film extraction phase‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry method was established for the extraction of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in water. This method provided limits of detection and limits of quantification were in the range of 0.02–0.15 and 0.17–0.50 μg/L, respectively. Hence, the obtained thin‐film extraction phase showed excellent recovery and reproducibility for the target non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs with carboxyl groups from water.
Development of Thermoresponsive Protein Complexes for Targeting CD20 Receptors
Authors: Steinhauff Douglas , Armstrong Blair , Jensen Mark Martin , Ghandehari Hamidreza 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTherapeutics targeting cell receptors can elicit biological responses in situ. However, the ability to dictate when and where these responses occur is a current challenge. Therapeutic proteins can be combined with stimuli‐responsive peptides to increase targeting and stimuli responsive behavior. To this end the authors genetically engineered an elastinlike polypeptide (ELP) fusion protein for selective ELPylation. The addition of a charged, foldable region provides these protein subunits with varied thermoresponsive properties from their parent ELPs. These subunits have responsive secondary structures, dependent on pH, indicating the capability to form coiled‐coils with a complementary peptide tag. A Rituximab conjugate is generated herein, containing the complementary peptide. Upon mixing of the ELP and Rituximab subunits, the resulting protein complexes can target CD20 receptors on Raji B cells, resulting in at least twofold increase in mean fluorescent intensities. These ELP subunits fold in vitro with the complimentary generated Rituximab conjugate. This work provides the basis for the design of a therapeutic stimuli‐responsive biomacromolecule for targeting receptors.
Nanoformulated Remdesivir with Extremely Low Content of Poly(2‐oxazoline)‐Based Stabilizer for Aerosol Treatment of COVID‐19
Authors: Ramsey Jacob D. , Stewart Ian E. , Madden Emily A. , Lim Chaemin , Hwang Duhyeong , Heise Mark T. , Hickey Anthony J. , Kabanov Alexander V. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe rise of the novel virus SARS‐CoV2 which causes the disease known as COVID‐19 has led to a global pandemic claiming millions of lives. With no clinically approved treatment for COVID‐19, physicians initially struggled to treat the disease, and a need remains for improved antiviral therapies in this area. It is conceived early in the pandemic that an inhalable formulation of the drug remdesivir which directly targets the virus at the site of infection could improve therapeutic outcomes in COVID‐19. A set of requirements are developed that would be conducive to rapid drug approval: 1) try to use GRAS reagents 2) minimize excipient concentration and 3) achieve a working concentration of 5 mg/mL remdesivir to obtain a deliverable dose which is 5–10% of the IV dose. In this work, it is discovered that Poly(2‐oxazoline) block copolymers can stabilize drug nanocrystal suspensions and provide suitable formulation characteristics for aerosol delivery while maintaining antiviral efficacy. The authors believe POx block copolymers can be used as a semi‐ubiquitous stabilizer for the rapid development of nanocrystal formulations for new and existing diseases.
Photosensitizer‐Polypeptide Conjugate with Synergistic Antibacterial Efficacy
Authors: Wan Pengqi , Guo Wei , Duan Yuxiu , Deng Mingxiao , Xiao Chunsheng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRecently, continuous emergence of resistant bacteria has appeared as one of the most serious threats to human health. Therefore, systematic exploration of new antibacterial materials is of guiding significance. In this study, a series of photosensitizer‐polypeptide conjugate (PPa‐cP) is readily synthesized through simple ring‐opening reactions to realize the synergistic antibacterial effects on Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA) under light irradiation. Compared with free PPa, the cationic PPa‐cP shows enhanced binding ability with the negative surface of S. aureus through electrostatic interaction, exhibiting effective antibacterial activity against both S. aureus and MRSA in vitro under light irradiation. Among the synthesized PPa‐cP, PPa‐cP5 with the degree of polymerization of 37 and modified with a 1‐methylimidazole side group exhibits the best antibacterial activity with a minimum inhibitory concentration value of 2 µm without light irradiation and 0.25 µm with light irradiation. Moreover, PPa‐cP5 shows good hemocompatibility. The above‐mentioned results elucidate that the positively charged PPa‐cP5 can significantly increase the efficiency of photodynamic therapy and effectively eradicate S. aureus biofilm due to its potent penetration ability into S. aureus biofilms. Overall, the present study establishes an efficient strategy for the treatment of S. aureus and S. aureus biofilm infections.
Collagen Modified Anisotropic PLA Scaffold as a Base for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration
Authors: Ma Jinjin , Li Jiaying , Hu Sihan , Wang Xingran , Li Meimei , Xie Jile , Shi Qin , Li Bin , Saijilafu  , Chen Hao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractReconstruction of damaged nerves remains a significant unmet challenge in clinical medicine. Topographical and mechanical stimulations play important roles to repair peripheral nerve injury. The synergistic effects of topography and mechanical rigidity may significantly accelerate nerve regeneration. In this work, a nerve‐guiding collagen/polylactic acid (PLA) electrospun scaffold is developed to facilitate peripheral nerve repair. The obtained anisotropic PLA electrospun scaffolds simulate the directional arranged structure of nerve realistically and promote axonal regeneration after sciatic nerve injury when compared with the isotropic PLA electrospun scaffolds. Moreover, the collagen‐modified PLA electrospun scaffolds further provide sufficient mechanical support and favorable microenvironment for axon regeneration. In addition, it is observed that collagen‐modified PLA electrospun scaffolds facilitate the axon regeneration by regulating Yes‐associated protein (YAP) molecular pathway. Taken together, the engineered collagen‐modified anisotropic PLA electrospun scaffolds may be a potential candidate to combine topography and mechanical rigidity for peripheral nerve regeneration is engineered.
Choice principles in local mantles
Authors: Schlutzenberg Farmer 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAssume . Let κ be a cardinal. A ‐ground
is a transitive proper class W modelling such that V is a generic extension of W via a forcing of cardinality . The κ‐mantle is the intersection of all ‐grounds. We prove that certain partial choice principles in are the consequence of κ being inaccessible/weakly compact, and some other related facts.
Preparation of Thermo‐ and pH‐Responsive Microgels Based on Complementary Nucleobase Molecular Recognition
Authors: Pan Jiasheng , Wen Xin , Wang Mu , Li Jun , Li Xiangyu , Feng Anchao , Zhang Liqun , Thang San H. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractComplementary interactions between the natural nucleobases is one of the important ways of biomolecular recognition. Although scientists have introduced such supramolecular noncovalent interactions into biomimetic materials through different approaches in recent years, further research is still needed to confer structural features of biomolecules into emerging stimuli‐responsive microgels. In this study, a series of bis‐thymine end decorated flexible poly (N‐isopropyl acrylamide) (T‐PNIPAM‐T) are obtained through a thymine esterified RAFT agent. Meanwhile, a rigid polymeric backbone poly[1‐(4‐vinyl benzyl)] adenine (PSA), including several pendant adenines on the side chain is prepared. Through nucleobase complementary pairing subtle supramolecular cross‐linked 3D networks are constructed, and further self‐assembled to form microgels under the balance between hydrophilicity and block flexibility. More importantly, such supramolecular 3D microgels show volumetric shrinkage in different water content environments and the assembly behavior under thermo and pH stimulated conditions. This exploration is expected to play an important value and significance in the field of biomimetic controlled release of soft matter in the future.