bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated versus nonintegrated peripheral intravenous catheter in hospitalized adults (OPTIMUM): A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rickard Claire M. , Larsen Emily , Walker Rachel M. , Mihala Gabor , Byrnes Joshua , Saiyed Masnoon , Cooke Marie , Finucane Julie , Carr Peter J. , Marsh Nicole 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundOne‐third of peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) fail from inflammatory or infectious complications, causing substantial treatment interruption and replacement procedures.ObjectivesWe aimed to compare complications between integrated PIVCs (inbuilt extension sets, wings, and flattened bases) and traditional nonintegrated PIVCs.Designs, Settings and ParticipantsA centrally randomized, controlled, superiority trial (with allocation concealment until study entry) was conducted in three Australian hospitals. Medical–surgical patients (one PIVC each) requiring intravenous therapy for >24 h were studied.Main Outcome MeasuresThe primary outcome was device failure (composite: occlusion, infiltration, phlebitis, dislodgement, local, or bloodstream infection). Infection endpoints were assessor‐masked. The secondary outcomes were: failure type, first‐time insertion success, tip colonization, insertion pain, dwell time, mortality, costs, health‐related quality of life, clinician, and patient satisfaction.ResultsOut of 1759 patients randomized (integrated PIVC, n = 881; nonintegrated PIVC, n = 878), 1710 (97%) received a PIVC and were in the modified intention‐to‐treat analysis (2269 PIVC‐days integrated; 2073 PIVC‐days nonintegrated). Device failure incidence was 35% (145 per 1000 device‐days) nonintegrated, and 33% (124 per 1000 device‐days) integrated PIVCs.InterventionIntegrated PIVCs had a significantly lower failure risk (adjusted [sex, infection, setting, site, gauge] hazard ratio [HR]: 0.82 [95% confidence interval, CI: 0.69–0.96], p = .015). The per‐protocol analysis was consistent (adjusted HR: 0.80 [95% CI: 0.68–0.95], p = .010). Integrated PIVCs had significantly longer dwell (top quartile ≥ 95 vs. ≥84 h). Mean per‐patient costs were not statistically different.ConclusionsPIVC failure is common and complex. Significant risk factors include sex, infection at baseline, care setting, insertion site, catheter gauge, and catheter type. Integrated PIVCs can significantly reduce the burden of PIVC failure on patients and the health system.
Morphology of the urogenital papilla of the male marine teleost Black Rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii (Hilgendorf, 1880), and its role in internal fertilization
Authors: Wang Tao , Wang Xueying , Zhao Ning , Liu Qinghua , Song Zongcheng , Li Jun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThere are few detailed descriptions of the morphology of the male external genitalia, the urogenital papilla (UGP), of the Black Rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii Hilgendorf, 1880). The purpose of this study was to evaluate this organ histologically and to determine the time of development of the UGP in Black Rockfish. Twelve adult males, three adult females and around 500 juveniles were used in the experiment. The juveniles were divided into normal developmental and androgen groups. The androgen group was exposed to methyltestosterone (100 μg/L) for 2 h daily for 38 days. Samples (N = 10 per sampling) were randomly selected for analysis every 5 days from 30 to 116 days after birth. Parameters assessed included the type of epithelium, composition of connective tissue, muscular tissue, and the timing of UGP development. Differences in these parameters between normal developmental and androgen groups were evaluated. The results indicated that the UGP of the adult fish contains the sperm duct and ureter, which have the function of transporting sperm and urine, respectively. The androgen‐treated juvenile fish developed the UGP earlier than the normal development group. This study provides a reference for understanding the external genitalia of other viviparous fishes by studying the UGP of the male Black Rockfish.
A Dual‐Channel Deep Learning Approach for Lung Cavity Estimation From Hyperpolarized Gas and Proton MRI
Authors: Astley Joshua R. , Biancardi Alberto M. , Marshall Helen , Hughes Paul J. C. , Collier Guilhem J. , Smith Laurie J. , Eaden James A. , Hughes Rod , Wild Jim M. , Tahir Bilal A. 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundHyperpolarized gas MRI can quantify regional lung ventilation via biomarkers, including the ventilation defect percentage (VDP). VDP is computed from segmentations derived from spatially co‐registered functional hyperpolarized gas and structural proton (1H)‐MRI. Although acquired at similar lung inflation levels, they are frequently misaligned, requiring a lung cavity estimation (LCE). Recently, single‐channel, mono‐modal deep learning (DL)‐based methods have shown promise for pulmonary image segmentation problems. Multichannel, multimodal approaches may outperform single‐channel alternatives.PurposeWe hypothesized that a DL‐based dual‐channel approach, leveraging both 1H‐MRI and Xenon‐129‐MRI (129Xe‐MRI), can generate LCEs more accurately than single‐channel alternatives.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationA total of 480 corresponding 1H‐MRI and 129Xe‐MRI scans from 26 healthy participants (median age [range]: 11 [8–71]; 50% females) and 289 patients with pulmonary pathologies (median age [range]: 47 [6–83]; 51% females) were split into training (422 scans [88%]; 257 participants [82%]) and testing (58 scans [12%]; 58 participants [18%]) sets.Field Strength/Sequence1.5‐T, three‐dimensional (3D) spoiled gradient‐recalled 1H‐MRI and 3D steady‐state free‐precession 129Xe‐MRI.AssessmentWe developed a multimodal DL approach, integrating 129Xe‐MRI and 1H‐MRI, in a dual‐channel convolutional neural network. We compared this approach to single‐channel alternatives using manually edited LCEs as a benchmark. We further assessed a fully automatic DL‐based framework to calculate VDPs and compared it to manually generated VDPs.Statistical TestsFriedman tests with post hoc Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons compared single‐channel and dual‐channel DL approaches using Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), average boundary Hausdorff distance (average HD), and relative error (XOR) metrics. Bland–Altman analysis and paired t‐tests compared manual and DL‐generated VDPs. A P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe dual‐channel approach significantly outperformed single‐channel approaches, achieving a median (range) DSC, average HD, and XOR of 0.967 (0.867–0.978), 1.68 mm (37.0–0.778), and 0.066 (0.246–0.045), respectively. DL‐generated VDPs were statistically indistinguishable from manually generated VDPs (P = 0.710).Data ConclusionOur dual‐channel approach generated LCEs, which could be integrated with ventilated lung segmentations to produce biomarkers such as the VDP without manual intervention.Evidence Level4.Technical EfficacyStage 1.
Investigation of macrophage polarization in herniated nucleus pulposus of patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation
Authors: Li Xiao‐Chuan , Luo Shao‐Jian , Wu Fan , Mu Qing‐Chun , Yang Jun‐Hui , Jiang Cheng , Wang Wei , Zhou Tian‐Li , Qin Tan‐Dan , Tan Rong‐Xiong , Jian‐Li  , Huang Chun‐Ming , Wang Mao‐Sheng , Bai Xiao‐Chun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMacrophage infiltration and polarization during lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (LDH) have attracted increased attention but their role remains unclear. To explore macrophage polarization in herniated nucleus pulposus (NP) tissue of patients with LDH and investigate the association between cell frequency and different clinical characteristics or symptoms, we conducted a retrospective study by analyzing NP tissue samples from 79 patients. Clinical features and symptoms, using the visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI), were collected. The macrophage markers CD68, CCR7, CD163, and CD206; pro‐inflammatory cytokine TNF‐α; and anti‐inflammatory factor IL‐4 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The frequency of polarized macrophages and positivity rate of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines showed significant differences in some of clinical characteristics. Specifically, higher CCR7+ and TNF‐α + proportions were identified in the high‐intensity zone (HIZ) and the type of extrusion and sequestration NP tissue than in non‐HIZ and protrude NP tissue. Higher CD206+ and IL‐4+ proportion were detected in Modic changes. However, no differences in gender, age, smoking status, Pfirrmann grade, analgesic use, leg pain duration, and segments were found between groups. CD68+, CCR7+, and CD206+ cell proportions, and TNF‐α and IL‐4 showed positive associations with VAS scores preoperation. Associations between ODI and the macrophages markers were weak/insignificant. Our results indicated that macrophage polarization or macrophage‐like cells contribute to LDH pathological features. Macrophage populations displaying significant associations with VAS score reflected continuous M1/M2 transition contributing to pain during LDH. These findings may contribute to enhanced/personalized pharmacological interventions for patients with LDH considering pain heterogeneity.
Spent culture supernatant of Streptococcus gordonii mitigates inflammation of human periodontal cells and inhibits proliferation of pathogenic oral microbes
Authors: Shu Yi , Upara Chawin , Ding Qiong , Zhu Min , Zeng Erliang , Banas Jeffrey A. , Hong Liu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe oral commensal bacterial species Streptococcus gordonii has been reported to regulate the inflammation of oral epithelial cells stimulated by the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. This study investigated the activities of S. gordonii metabolites in S. gordonii spent culture supernatants (Sg‐SCS) on periodontal‐related bacterial growth and periodontitis‐associated inflammatory cytokines.MethodsSg‐SCS was collected from S. gordonii cultures grown in Dulbecco Modified Eagle Medium and added to the growth media of representative health‐ and disease‐related oral species: S. gordonii, Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus oralis, P. gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola. The Sg‐SCS was also tested for its ability to regulate the expression of proinflammatory cytokines by human macrophages, epithelial cells, and gingival fibroblasts upon stimulation with P. gingivalis‐derived lipopolysaccharide (Pg‐LPS).ResultsSg‐SCS significantly reduced transcript and protein levels of interleukin (IL)‐1β, 6, and 8 induced by Pg‐LPS stimulation in multiple types of periodontal cells. mRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analyses indicated that Sg‐SCS significantly affects 10 inflammatory pathways. Additionally, Sg‐SCS exhibited suppression of the growth of periodontal disease‐related bacteria, including T. denticola and P. gingivalis, along with the primary plaque‐colonizing species S. oralis. At a low concentration, Sg‐SCS also inhibits P. gingivalis adhesion.ConclusionsThese results strongly suggest that S. gordonii‐derived SCS contains metabolites that have anti‐inflammatory properties and an ability to inhibit periodontitis‐associated pathogenic bacteria. Further investigation will be needed to identify the individual metabolites within the Sg‐SCS to develop a novel metabolite‐based approach to treating and preventing periodontitis.
Adhesion energy, spreading coefficient and interfacial tension as an efficient tool for assessing biocide performance
Authors: Nguyen Duy , Balasubramanian Ramakrishnan , Richardson Alex 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIt is estimated that microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) contributes to 20%–50% of the total cost of corrosion. Biocides are often used to counter MIC. Normally, the choice of a biocide is based on planktonic kill studies as well as cost of the treatment chemicals. Sessile kill studies have significant advantages over planktonic studies but usually take 8 weeks to complete. Furthermore, both sessile kill and planktonic studies only provide phenomenological results and therefore do not explain the mechanisms. To bridge this gap, we have calculated spreading coefficient and work of adhesion from contact angle measurements as a tool for assessing the performance of a biocide. This novel method provides insights into how biocides interact with a biofilm on a surface and is quicker than sessile kill study. Based on surface energy calculations, we have identified parameters that will aide in the prediction of biofilm removal and prevention. For example, surfactants with a positive spreading coefficient on a substrate and having a stronger affinity for the substrate than the biofilm (i.e., a lower interfacial tension) are effective in biofilm prevention. On the other hand, surfactants with a low interfacial tension with a substrate are effective in biofilm removal. Given the diversity of surfaces to which bacteria attach (carbon steel, near wellbore, membrane, etc.), this rapid technique is a good prediction tool for the effectiveness of a biocide application. This paper will provide an overview of the technique and discuss some examples of surfactants that can be used for biofilm removal and prevention.
Application of phosphonium deep eutectic solvents as extractants in ultrasound‐assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for preconcentration of trace amounts of herbicides in drainage ditches waters
Authors: Werner Justyna , Kohut Karolina , Frankowski Robert , Zgoła‐Grześkowiak Agnieszka 
Published: November 2022

In this study, an efficient preconcentration method was presented that is based on dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction taking the advantage of newly synthesized phosphonium deep eutectic solvents used as extractants and ultrasound probe as a dispersing agent. The extracts obtained were analyzed by high‐performance liquid chromatography. To optimize the five most important factors for the microextraction procedure a central composite design plan was used. Under optimal conditions (140 μl of extractant, 60 mg of NaCl, pH = 2.0, 120 s of extraction time with ultrasound probe as the dispersing agent, 16 min of centrifugation for phase separation), the proposed method allowed to achieve good precision with RSD between 3.2% and 9.7% at 1.0, 5.0 and 40.0 ng ml levels. The preconcentration factors were equal to 42, 39, and 41, and the limits of detection 0.128, 0.103, and 0.135 ng/ml for dicamba, 2‐methyl‐4‐chlorophenoxyacetic acid, and 2‐methyl‐4‐chlorophenoxypropionic acid, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of chlorophenoxy acid herbicides in water samples from drainage ditches with a good recovery in the range of 70%–93%.
How do microbial communities deal with chronic hydrocarbon presence in oil seep soils? Data from historical hand‐dug oil wells
Authors: Brzeszcz Joanna , Skalski Tomasz , Jankowski Leszek , Kapusta Piotr 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHand‐dug oil wells, located in natural crude oil seep sites, are remnants of historical exploitation activities. Hydrocarbon pollution is regarded as the threat to soil ecosystem. On the other hand, there is no common environmental policies regarding these soils. The hypothesis was that natural attenuation processes might occur in seep soils since a diversified and stable bacterial community structure should be a result of its long‐term (thousands of years) adaptation to hydrocarbon exposure and should be associated with eventual utilization of these compounds. To obtained this goal, we compared the structure, composition, and hydrocarbon‐degrading potential of bacterial communities inhabiting soils with different hydrocarbon contents (seep, hydrocarbon‐impacted, pristine soils), which were collected in two habitats (forest, meadow). 16S rRNA sequencing and isolation of hydrocarbon degraders were performed. The contaminant's presence shaped distinct and unique community structure and composition, and it enhanced physiologically and functionally adapted microorganisms. The most abundant community members were bacteria revealing a strong contribution in genetic potential toward aerobic hydrocarbon transformation (i.e., Mycobacterium/Mycolicibacterium and Pseudomonas). The strong hydrocarbon degraders population suggests that natural biodegradation occurs in situ in seeps and mitigates the pollution impact on adjacent soils. Seep and hydrocarbon‐impacted soils are a great source for remedial bacterial populations. Twenty‐four genera of degraders were isolated; however, strains belonging to the Mycobacterium/Mycolicibacterium, Rhodococcus, and Pseudomonas taxa were common. Our results underline the need to include undervalued microbiological aspects in remediation projects' guidelines for chronically polluted environments. The knowledge regarding seep communities should help to evaluate more efficient remediation strategies for anthropogenic spills.
Spatialization method of monitoring grazing intensity: A case‐study of the Tibet Selinco basin, Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau
Authors: Xi Guilin , Ma Changhui , Xie Yaowen , Guo Zecheng , Bao Tana , Zhang Xueyuan , Liu Yiyang , Wang Haoran 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe problem of grassland degradation induced by livestock production at the expense of local grasses has become a serious ecological problem worldwide. To maintain livestock production and sustainable grassland development, the extent and intensity of grassland utilization needs to be better understood. In this study, a model was developed to monitor the intensity of grazing in a typical grazing area (Tibet Selinco basin) of the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau. Combining the number of livestock at the township scale with their matching livestock habitat area and location, the biomass consumed by livestock was assigned to a productivity supply map (NPP) using a mathematical iterative algorithm from the perspective of different foraging habits of different livestock. The objective was to accurately measure the overall grazing pressure on the pasture as well as to estimate livestock pasture utilization. The model confirmed distinct spatial differences in the intensity of grassland utilization in the Tibet Selinco basin, in which the overall intensity was significantly low except in the southwestern region. The overall grazing area was found to be 150,000 km2, of which moderate grazing area occupied 130,000 km2 and overgrazing area occupied 20,000 km2, accounting for 87% and 13% of the total grazing area, respectively. The proposed model can quantify human activities spatially and provide a reliable and accurate scientific basis for livestock production development and ecological environment management.
Enhancement of antioxidant activity and improvement of the bright color of fermented soybean using ergothioneine biosynthesized by Aspergillus oryzae
Authors: Nguyen Tham Thi Hong , Nguyen Ngoc Thi Le , Nguyen Thuy Thi , Nguyen Ha Cong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEven though fermented soybean (FS) contains various antioxidant compounds, this long‐time processing still faces various oxidations caused by enzymes or heat. To elucidate the possibility of the oxidations as well as the level of enhancement of antioxidant properties to limit such oxidation, ergothioneine (ESH) concentrated extract (CE) from Aspergillus oryzae was used to interfere during FS processing. So, the supplementation of ESH CE (0%, 2%, 4%, and 6%) to one of three main stages such as soaking stage (SK), steaming (SM), or fermentation (FM) of the processing before measuring the quality changes of the final fermented product was done. The result showed that when added 4%–6% of ESH CE to the SK, ESH was slightly increased while 2,2‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities and total phenolic compounds (TPC) increased considerably after fermentation by Bacillus subtilis. Total lipid was also slightly increased, whereas free fatty acid (FFA), peroxide value (PV), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) decreased sharply compared with the control sample. Although supplemented at SK, L*‐value increased sharply from 0% to 4% and then decreased slightly at 6% of ESH CE, higher than at SM, and subsequent FM, ∆E‐value and a* and b* value changed in the opposite direction when these parameters decreased the sharpest at SK, lower than at SM and then at FM. The results indicate that supplementing with 4%–6% ESH CE at the early SK of FS processing shows a compatible difference with other stages, not only helping to prevent lipid oxidation but also improving the bright color of the final FS.
Monodromy of Kodaira fibrations of genus 3
Authors: Flapan Laure 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA Kodaira fibration is a non‐isotrivial fibration from a smooth algebraic surface S to a smooth algebraic curve B such that all fibers are smooth algebraic curves of genus g. Such fibrations arise as complete curves inside the moduli space of genus g algebraic curves. We investigate here the possible connected monodromy groups of a Kodaira fibration in the case and classify which such groups can arise from a Kodaira fibration obtained as a general complete intersection curve inside a subvariety of parametrizing curves whose Jacobians have extra endomorphisms.
Supply chain transparency as a signal of ethical production
Authors: Ko Taehyun , Lee Jaeram , Park Daehyeon , Ryu Doojin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe analyze firms' supply chain transparency and ethical production practices using a game‐theoretic approach. If the rival's supply chain is more likely to be ethical and the technology used to ensure supply chain transparency is efficient, ethical suppliers prefer to disclose their supply chain information, whereas unethical suppliers do not. The supply chain transparency level can be a signal of the supplier's ethical quality level, as both consumers' demand for ethical production and R&D efficiency for supply chain transparency increase. Consumers can distinguish ethical suppliers through their level of supply chain transparency because blockchain technology improves R&D efficiency.
In Vivo 18F‐Florzolotau Tau Positron Emission Tomography Imaging in Parkinson's Disease Dementia
Authors: Tang Yilin , Li Ling , Hu Tianyu , Jiao Fangyang , Han Linlin , Li Shiyu , Xu Zhiheng , Fan Yun , Sun Yimin , Liu Fengtao , Yen Tzu‐Chen , Zuo Chuantao , Wang Jian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundTau pathology is observed during autopsy in many patients with Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD). Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging using the tracer 18F‐florzolotau has the potential to capture tau accumulation in the living brain.ObjectiveThe aim was to describe the results of 18F‐florzolotau PET/CT (computed tomography) imaging in patients with PDD.MethodsTen patients with PDD, 9 with Parkinson's disease with normal cognition (PD‐NC), and 9 age‐matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Clinical assessments and 18F‐florzolotau PET/CT imaging were performed.Results
18F‐Florzolotau uptake was significantly higher in the cortical regions of patients with PDD compared with both PD‐NC and HCs, especially in the temporal lobe. Notably, 18F‐florzolotau uptake in the occipital lobe of patients with PDD showed a significant correlation with cognitive impairment as reflected by Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores.Conclusions
18F‐Florzolotau PET imaging can effectively capture the occurrence of tau pathology in patients with PDD, which was also linked to MMSE scores. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.