bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KETIDAKSESUAIAN PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NOMOR 72 TAHUN 2016 MENGENAI HARTA KEKAYAAN BUMN MENURUT UNDANG - UNDANG BUMN
Authors: Siregar Dedi Martua , Simangungsong Frans 
Published: November 2022

Untuk mengetahui kesesuaian atau dapat tidaknya mengenai keadaan harta kekayaan Badan Usaha Milik Negara terkait ketidak samaan terjadi di bagian peraturan antara Undang-Undang Badan Usaha Milik Negara dengan Peraturan Pemerintah No. 72 tahun 2016 & konsistensi pengaturan Peraturan Pemerintah 72 tahun 2016 dan Undang-Undang Badan Usaha Milik Negara sesuai dengan prinsip dan tujuan pengaturan. Adapun jenis penelitian yang terkandung di bagian penulisan jurnal ini memakai metode penelitian hukum normatif. penelitian yang dilakukan dengan cara meneliti bahan pustaka atau data sekunder. Pada penelitian jenis ini, seringkali hukum dikonsepkan sebagai kaidah atau norma yang berpatokan pada perilaku manusia yang dianggap pantas. Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 72 Tahun 2016 sebagai dasar dibentuknya pada holding ataupun penggabungan Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN) yang memiliki pertentangan kepada beberapa Undang – undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2003 Tentang Badan Usaha Milik Negara dan tidak melibatkan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat sebagai lembaga perwakilan rakyat yang memiliki kegunaan perhitungan dan tentunya kegunaan suatu penjagaan. Maka Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 72 tahun 2016 tidaklah sesuai terhadap norma di dalam aturannya Undang – undang Badan Usaha Milik Negara. Apabila dilihat dari norma tentunya bertentangan dan dapat menyebabkan suatu dampak kepada posisi Badan Usaha Milik Negara yang menjadi alat negara dan di posisi bisnis. Adapun saran dalam melakukan suatu perubahan di dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 72 Tahun 2016 atau mengubah pada Undang – Undang Badan Usaha Milik Negara.
Ambedkar's novel 'Navayan': Pedestal and Ideology (With reference to addressed speeches and published magazines)
Authors: Pandya Manoj Kumar 
Published: November 2022

Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar has been a recognized Great Hero of the past century. He is neither a Shudra by birth nor a Brahmin by birth. He is a Brahmin and a Shudra on the basis of Karma. The philosophy and way of life in the form of liberty, equality and fraternity can be found only in Buddhism. Teachings and characteristics of Buddha and Dhamma: Individual centre, truth-exploration, self-promotion, humanism, the spiritual state of religion, and the highest state of conscience Ambedkar Praneet Navayana was the cornerstone of Humanity.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
विगत शताब्दी के मान्य महानायक रहे हैं डॉ भीमराव अम्बेडकर। डॉ अम्बेडकर का चिंतन-व्यवहार का आधार बिंदु मानवता ही है जो नस्ल, रंग, जाति, लिंग भेद से परे है जिसमें समता समाज ही उनके नवयान का आधार बनी। यह धारणः प्रत्येक व्यक्ति न जन्म से शूद्र होता है और न ही जन्म से ब्राह्मण। वह कर्म के आधार पर ही ब्राह्मण और शूद्र होता है। डॉ भीमराव का धर्मांतरण अन्धानुकरण नहीं था। उन्होंने बौद्ध धर्म की प्रज्ञा, करुणा, और समता आधारित दृष्टि को देखा और पाया कि स्वतंत्रता, समानता और बन्धुत्त्व रूपी जीवन दर्शन और जीवन पद्धति बौद्ध धर्म में ही पाई जा सकती है। बुद्ध और धम्म की शिक्षाएँ और विशेषताएँः व्यक्ति केंद्र, सत्यान्वेषण, आत्मोन्नति, मानवतावाद, धर्म की साधनावत स्थिति, विवेक की सर्वोच्च स्थिति ही अम्बेडकर प्रणीत नवयान की आधारशिला रही।
Keywords: महानायक, मानवतावाद, अछूत, धर्मांतरण, समतामूलक समाज, व्यक्ति केंद्र, सत्यावेषण, आत्मोन्नति, विवेक की सर्वोच्च स्थिति
Role of Information and Communication Technology in Rural Development (With special reference to rural market and advertising)
Authors: Rastogi Alka 
Published: November 2022

Presently technology has set a new example of scientific, a technical knowledge, information exchange, management, a man-machine relations. Information technology has made the whole world a "Global Village" in the field of communication. The dimensions of information technology like e-commerce, e-market, e-signature etc. have opened the doors of development of villages. The impact of information and communication technology has started in various sectors of the economy. Computers have oriented towards new markets that have emerged from villages by providing opportunities for people to be together. Today, advertising has become an integral part of the economic system of the society, in which from backward villages to cities are also becoming centers, the role of information and technology in rural development has been manifested in the form of digital villages.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
वर्तमान में प्रौद्योगिकी ने वैज्ञानिक, तकनीकी ज्ञान, सूचना आदान दृप्रदान, प्रबंधन, मनुष्य-मशीन सम्बन्धों की नई मिसाल कायम की है। सूचना प्रोद्योगिकी ने संचार क्षेत्र में सम्पूर्ण संसार को समेत ‘‘ग्लोबल विलेज‘‘ बना दिया है। ई कॉमर्स, ई बाजार, ई सिग्नेचर आदि सूचना प्रोद्योगिकी के आयामों ने गांवों की तरक्की के द्वार खोले हैं। अर्थव्यवस्था के विभिन्न क्षेत्रों में सूचना और संचार प्रोद्योगिकी के प्रभाव प्रारंभ हुए हैं। कंप्यूटर्स ने लोगों को साथ होने का अवसर प्रदान कर उन नए बाजारों की ओर उन्मुखता की है जिनका उदय गाँवो से है। विज्ञापन आज समाज के आर्थिक तंत्र का अभिन्न अंग बन गया है जिसमे पिछड़े हुए गाँव से लेकर शहर भी साथ ही केंद्र बनते जा रहे हैं ग्रामीण विकास में सूचना और प्रोद्योगिकी की भूमिका डिजिटल गाँव के रूप में प्रकट हुई है।
Keywords: प्रोद्योगिकी, ग्लोबल विलेज, सेलुलर, भूमंडलीकरण
Renewable Energy from Pyrolysis of Pine Wood with Zeolite Catalyst
Authors: Achmad Zubaidi , Arsa Abdullah Kunta , Alfitamara Bety , Virgiandini Alfia 
Published: November 2022

Renewable energy becomes a hot issue on the decrease of fossil energy reserves that can not be renewed. To answer the challenge of the availability of these energy a study was performed in a high-temperature cracking process from pine wood to obtain fuel oil or so-called pyrolysis. The purpose of this study was to determine the yield, physical properties, and the calorific value of the pyrolysis results. Pyrolysis process is done by varying the percentage of mordenite-type zeolite catalyst as much as 0% b/b, 2% b/b, and 4% b/b, with a mass of 100 grams of pine wood that passes sieving each sample to 50 mesh. Before use, the catalysts physically activated by heating at a temperature of 500°C and chemically activated using HCl to enhance the activity of the zeolite. Pyrolysis carried out at 400°C, 450°C, 500°C, and 550°C. After the analysis, bio-oil obtained optimum yield of 43.77142% by mass of the catalyst 4% b/b and a temperature of 500 °C. Physical properties obtained in the form of density 1.094723 g/ml, 2.96 cP viscosity, and 58°C flash point. While the highest calorific value on the condition of the catalyst 4% and the reaction temperature 550°C is 26045.50 kJ/kg.
Acid Tar Waste Beneficiation Through Blending with Coal
Authors: Musademba Downmore , Simbi David Jambgwa , Kuipa Pardon Kusaziwa 
Published: November 2022

The possibility of blending acid tar waste with coal as a beneficiation method was explored in this work. It was essential to first establish the material properties of the acid tar and coal samples together with that of the blends in terms of proximate analyses. The acid tar waste to coal blending ratios of 3:1, 1:1 and 1:3 were used. It was observed that acid tar waste exhibited high volatile and moisture content with low ash and carbon content when compared with coal. When compared with coal; a 3:1 blending ratio exhibited 56.9 % and 7.6 % reduction in ash and fixed carbon respectively and on the contrary a 38.1 % increase in volatile matter was observed. An opposite trend was obtained with 1:3 blend ratio. The 1:1 blend ratio was found to decrease the volatile and ash content by 8.3 % and 52.7 % respectively whilst fixed carbon boosted by 4.2 %. The choice for the blending ratio to apply is a trade-off between fixed carbon and volatile matter. If volatile matter is of any significance then a 3:1 mixture would be ideal; such a mixture will aid in easier ignition of coal. On the other hand a 1:3 binary mixture yields a higher fixed carbon fraction, whose effect is to boost the calorific value of the fuel, an excellent factor for combustion. Overall however, it makes economic sense to blend coal with acid tar waste for enhancing sustainability.
Influence of Powder Particle Oxidation on Properties of Cold-Sprayed Tantalum
Authors: Descurninges L. L. , Mingault L. T. , Jeandin M. , Nifa A. , Berthe L. , Boustie M. , Laguionie T. , Bianchi L. , Ogawa K. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The adhesion mechanisms involved in the cold spray coatings are not still well elucidated. The quality of the deposit does depend mainly on particles and dynamic characteristics (which result from nozzle type, nozzle-substrate distance, etc.). The present work is based on the study of particle-substrate and particle-particle interfaces in the tantalum-copper coating-substrate system. The content focuses on the influence of the oxygen content in the starting powder on interface features, consequently on coating properties. Tantalum powders with different oxygen levels were studied using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and EPMA (Electron Probe Microanalysis). Laser shock spallation of cold-sprayed Ta coatings was developed as a reliable and flexible process to achieve Ta spalls to be deposited at a high-velocity onto Cu targets. The velocity due to the laser shock could be controlled to be similar to that of particles in conventional cold spray. This results in Ta-Cu interfaces, the study of which was carried out to go into interface phenomena involved in cold spray, using TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) in particular. Results were compared to those obtained from laser shock spallation of Ta bulk specimens (i.e. made of a conventional Ta sheet). The role of powder oxidation on interface soundness was exhibited. Adhesion was shown to be all the lower as powder oxygen content was higher, using LASAT (“ Laser Shock Adhesion Test”) in addition to direct observation of interfaces. Results were exploited to discuss properties of the corresponding Ta coatings onto Cu, i.e. which were cold sprayed using powders with different oxygen contents.
Investigation on the Effect of Helium-to-Nitrogen Ratio as Propellant Gas Mixture on the Processing of Titanium Coating using Cold Gas Dynamic Spray
Authors: Irissou E. , Ilinca F. , Wong W. , Legoux J.-G. , Yue S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper reports on the influence of the He to N2 ratio on the properties of low pressure cold sprayed titanium coatings and on the characteristics of the generated supersonic two-phase flow. Experiments were carried out varying the He to N2 concentration ranging from pure He to pure N2. Samples were characterized by their microstructural properties (i.e. microhardness and porosity). Deposition rate was evaluated and particle velocities were measured for all conditions. Deposition efficiency, coating density, and microhardness were found to be a function of particle impact velocity. Velocity data were used to validate a computational fluid dynamic model. The numerical solution of the flow inside the nozzle was obtained from the Euler equations for the various He to N2 concentrations. Particle tracking was carried out by using the computed distribution of density, Mach number, temperature, viscosity, and a second order Runge-Kutta scheme. In addition, mean particle velocities at the exit of the nozzle were determined. Computed velocities were found to be in good agreement with measured ones. The model was then used to calculate nozzle dimensions that would maximize particle velocity. Optimized dimensions are proposed.
A Method for Residual Stress Estimation of AZ31 under Cold Spray Coating
Authors: Ghelichi R. , Guagliano M. , Jahed H. , Villafuerte J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Surface treatment has become an effective method to improve corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys which are the lightest commercial structural alloys with superior specific strength and stiffness. Low pressure cold spraying is used to locally deposit aluminium on AZ31 in order to enhance general and galvanic corrosion of magnesium. This study is aimed at numerical estimation of the residual stress profile due to cold spray coating using FEM. The impact of particles on the substrate is modelled in Abaqus Explicit. The challenge of AZ31 simulations is the intrinsic yield asymmetry and anisotropy which results different behaviour of the material along different direction both in tension and compression. On the other hand, there is no precise material model capable of considering the yield asymmetry and anisotropy experienced by AZ31 in Abaqus. This paper studies the effect of anisotropy of the AZ31 on residual stress induced by cold spray. The results are compared with experimental X-Ray diffraction measurements. It is suggested that an isotropic analysis in the dominant stress direction of AZ31 may result in good estimation of the residual stress profile.
Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Coatings and Bulk Components of Various Grain Sized Tungsten-Carbide-Cobalt Based Materials
Authors: Melnyk C. , Gansert R. , Lajun D. , Weinstein B. , Grant D. , Watson M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Thermal sprayed coatings produced from ultrafine, near-nano and nano grained powders provide improved properties as compared to conventional (micron size) powders. These ultrafine, near-nano and nano grained materials show significant potential for applications in the aerospace, energy, oil & gas and a great many other industries. A study was conducted to investigate the influence of grain size on the microstructures formed and mechanical properties of conventional, ultrafine, near-nano and nano size WC materials. Powders and coatings as well as consolidated forms of tungsten-carbide-10% cobalt- 4% chromium (WC-10Co-4Cr) and tungsten-carbide- 12% cobalt (WC-12Co) materials are examined. Thermal spray coatings are produced of carbides of several different grain sizes using high velocity oxygen-fuel (HVOF) thermal spray processing. Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) is performed to provide consolidated forms of WC-10Co-4Cr materials. An examination of the thermal sprayed coatings is conducted using microstructural analysis and mechanical property testing. A brief examination of the wear and bend performance of a near-nano, and nano-enhanced material will be compared to a conventional material (micron sized).
The Proper Use of Gases in Thermal Spray Processes
Authors: Krömmer W. , Heinrich P. , Lang F. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The trend in thermal spraying is increasingly towards a globally uniform level of high-grade spray coatings. It is therefore extremely important that auxiliaries such as spray materials or industrial gases undergo precise examination in order to exactly define their influence. This is not only made possible by selecting the right system, but also by choosing the right gas and gas mixture. In order to broaden the range of thermal spray applications, we have endeavoured to investigate the issue of the right gas mix for arc spraying. In doing so, it was concluded that, by using wire as the spray material, this cost-effective process can often be used as an equally viable alternative to other methods. The optimization of costs, extended lifetime of systems and tailoring of coating properties to suit specific applications are just some of these influencing variables
Consideration of Adhesion Mechanisms for Aluminum Cold Spray Coatings on Various Glass Substrates
Authors: Sakaki K. , Idemoto T. , Takada K. , Hosono T. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Aluminum powder of 99.85 wt.% purity has been sprayed onto three kinds of glass substrates by cold spray. An interface between Aluminum coating and all glass substrates were smooth, and the single aluminum particle adhered without a gap. It is not observed erosion damage of glass substrate by aluminum with lower impact velocity than critical velocity. In Aluminum coating and the neighborhood of interface of Soda-lime glass substrate, sodium included in glass substrate was distributed in high density. There might be the stratum that the element which constituted an aluminum coating and glass substrate scattered, and it was suggested that the solid-phase joining by a chemical reaction were initiated.
Adhesive Strength Evaluation of the Interface between Thermal Sprayed Coating and Substrate by Tensile Pin Test
Authors: Sonoya K. , Nakamura M. , Ishida K. , Yen J. Y. K. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The pin test and stress analysis by FEM were performed for erosion-resistant thermal sprayed coatings, and characteristic of interfacial strength between sprayed coating and substrate was assessed. As a result, the (Kcr) was not affected with specimen size and uniformly converges in spite of the eccentricity of pin.
Electrochemical Impedance Measurement of Thermally Sprayed Aluminum Zinc Alloys in Sodium Chloride Solution
Authors: Takatani Y. , Tani K. , Masugata T. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The corrosion behavior of thermally sprayed Al-Zn alloy coatings immersed in NaCl aqueous solution was determined by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Ohmic resistance and capacitance of the corrosion product film formed on the sprayed coating surface, and the corrosion resistance and electric double layer capacitance at the interface between the sprayed coating and the solution were evaluated. As immersion time in NaCl solution increased, the corrosion rate of the Al-2mass%Zn coating increased, but the corrosion rate for Al-6mass%Zn and Al-15mass%Zn coatings decreased due to the influence of the corrosion product.
High Temperature Aging Behavior and Order-Disorder Transformation of Plasma Sprayed Sm2Zr2O7 Coatings
Authors: Tao S. , Yu J. , Zhao H. , Zhou X. , Ding C. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Rare-earth zirconates with a pyrochlore structure have attracted great attention for potential application in thermal barrier coatings to further improve the performance and durability of gas turbines. In present work, the Sm2Zr2O7 coating was deposited by air plasma spraying technology, and its microstructure and phase composition were examined. The as-sprayed Sm2Zr2O7 coating exhibited anion-disordered while cation-ordered fluorite-type structure. Degree of ordering was considerable enhanced after high temperature aging, and transformed to ordered pyrochlore-type structure after thermal aging at temperatures above 1200 ºC. The typical lamellar structure for the as-sprayed Sm2Zr2O7 coating gradually decreased with increasing thermal aging temperature, which was caused by microcrack healing at high temperatures.
Thermal Shock Resistance of Gadolinium Zirconate Coating with Addition of Nanostructured Yttria Partially-Stabilized Zirconia
Authors: Zhong X. , Zhao H. , Zhou X. , Tao S. , Ding C. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Gadolinium zirconate (Gd2Zr2O7, GZ) as one of the promising thermal barrier coating materials for high-temperature application in gas turbine was toughened by nanostructured 3mol% yttria partially-stabilized zirconia (3YSZ) incorporation. The fracture toughness of the composite of 90mol%GZ-10mol% 3YSZ (GZ-YSZ) was increased by about 60% relative to the monolithic GZ. Both the GZ and GZ-YSZ composite coatings were deposited by atmospheric plasma spraying on Ni-base superalloys and then thermal-shock tested under the same conditions. The thermal-shock resistance of GZ-YSZ composite coating was improved significantly, which is believed to be mainly attributed to the enhancement of fracture toughness by the addition of nanostructured 3YSZ. In addition, the failure mechanisms of the thermal-shock tested GZ and GZ-YSZ composite coatings were also discussed.
HVOF K2 vs. Cold Gas Spraying
Authors: Wank A. , Schwenk A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A conventional GTV K2 kerosene fuel HVOF spraying system has been modified with the aim to achieve process conditions comparable to cold gas spraying concerning the average particle velocities and surface temperatures in the spray distance. The employed measurements include the use of expansion nozzles that have been optimized for supersonic conditions up to a Mach number of 2.5 and the use of combustion chambers with reduced critical diameters that provide increased combustion chamber pressures up to 1600 kPa. Copper powders with different size fractions and oxygen content are sprayed with the novel HVOF technology. Coatings are analysed concerning their microstructure, oxygen content and electrical conductivity. In-flight particle velocities and surface temperatures are determined by the GTV NIR Sensor. Results are compared with those obtained for cold gas spraying using identical powders. The new HVOF technology permits the production of copper coatings that show similar levels of porosity, oxygen content and electrical conductivity like cold gas sprayed coatings. Also aluminium powder has been sprayed successfully with the novel technology. In-flight particle velocities can be almost as high as in modern cold gas spraying systems. Coatings are analysed and show a microstructure comparable to cold gas sprayed coatings.
Cost Effective Manufacturing of Molds for CFRP Component Production
Authors: Seeger M. , Reese E. D. , Jonke D. P. , Englhart M. , Drechsler K. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A cost effective manufacturing process for molds which are used to produce components of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) is proposed. A wire arc spray process has been employed to reinforce a thin electroformed nickel shell by a several millimeter thick layer of thermally sprayed deposit, forming a vacuum tight mold system in a time saving and cost effective way. To achieve a low thermal expansion equivalent to CFRP, Fe64Ni36 is used as spray material. Here, the main challenge is the successful control of distortion which occurs due to residual stresses. In this paper, the influence of process parameters on shell temperature and distortion distribution is discussed. Key parameters influencing the heat flow into the substrate leading to distortion like continuous cooling, atomizing gas and spray distance are addressed. Temperature measurements were performed using infrared pyrometry as well as by use of thermocouples. Distortion measurements were carried out by use of optical measurement devices recording 3D surface coordinates before and after the thermal spray process. Further, mechanical and thermophysical properties of the as-sprayed composite are part of the investigations to evaluate how the Fe64Ni36 bulk material properties can be achieved. Differences between air atomized and inert gas atomized coatings are presented in detail.
Development of Arc Thermally Sprayed Fe-Mn-Cr-Si Coatings Against Cavitation Erosion
Authors: Pukasiewicz A. G. M. , Capra A. R. , Paredes R. S. C. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Cavitation erosion frequently occurs in hydraulic components such as turbines, valves, pumps, and ship propellers. Arc thermal spray processing has the possibility to be used for maintenance recovering of hydraulic blade runners. Fe-Cr-Mn-Si is a cavitation-resistant class of steel with a high concentration of oxidation elements—which can be important for arc thermally sprayed coatings—and a strain-induced phase transformation. The influence of chemical composition on oxide formation, microstructure, and cavitation resistance of Fe- Mn-Cr-Si thermally sprayed coatings was studied, and its field performance in a Francis type runner was evaluated. Microstructures and properties were investigated by XPS, XRD, optical microscopy, and ultrasonic cavitation testing. The best cavitation resistance was obtained in Fe-Mn-Cr-Si alloy with a nickel addition; this composition has lower oxide and splash droplets content and exhibits better splat wetting than Fe-Mn-Cr-Si without nickel. Strain-induced phase transformation occurred in arc thermally sprayed coatings during cavitation tests. Better performances for Fe-Mn-Cr-Si alloys, without nickel, were obtained in alloys with higher strain induced martensite contents after cavitation tests. In field tests, after 2000 operation hours, it was verified that the recovered areas presented only a small number of eroded areas, and cavitation erosion was reduced compared with uncoated areas.