bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Color preference of Sergentomyia minuta (Diptera: Phlebotominae) determined using Flebocollect Do It Yourself light traps based on LED technology
Authors: de Felipe Marcos López , Pérez Eva , Gálvez Rosa 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWhether phlebotomine sand flies show a preference for different light colors remains controversial. As light-capture methods are widely used to study sand flies, knowing the visual stimuli they respond to could help the design of novel control tools to prevent their attraction to hosts. We have detected a significant preference of male Sergentomyia minuta for green and red light sources. Accordingly, male S. minuta were 2.16 and 2.01 times more likely to be lured by Flebocollect model traps with green and red diode-lights, respectively, than the commercial CDC traps. Flebocollect traps are homemade light traps developed through citizen science. Dipterans are widely considered unable to distinguish the color red so this finding was unexpected. To our knowledge, this is the first description of a color preference in a species of the genus Sergentomyia. Our research also confirms the great potential of Flebocollect light traps for use in medical entomology studies.
Sex steroid hormone synthesis, metabolism, and the effects on the mammalian olfactory system
Authors: Abaffy Tatjana , Lu Hsiu-Yi , Matsunami Hiroaki 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSex steroid hormones influence olfactory-mediated social behaviors, and it is generally hypothesized that these effects result from circulating hormones and/or neurosteroids synthesized in the brain. However, it is unclear whether sex steroid hormones are synthesized in the olfactory epithelium or the olfactory bulb, and if they can modulate the activity of the olfactory sensory neurons. Here, we review important discoveries related to the metabolism of sex steroids in the mouse olfactory epithelium and olfactory bulb, along with potential areas of future research. We summarize current knowledge regarding the expression, neuroanatomical distribution, and biological activity of the steroidogenic enzymes, sex steroid receptors, and proteins that are important to the metabolism of these hormones and reflect on their potential to influence early olfactory processing. We also review evidence related to the effects of sex steroid hormones on the development and activity of olfactory sensory neurons. By better understanding how these hormones are metabolized and how they act both at the periphery and olfactory bulb level, we can better appreciate the complexity of the olfactory system and discover potential similarities and differences in early olfactory processing between sexes.
Fiber Convex Bodies
Authors: Mathis Léo , Meroni Chiara 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper we study the fiber bodies, that is the extension of the notion of fiber polytopes for more general convex bodies. After giving an overview of the properties of the fiber bodies, we focus on three particular classes of convex bodies. First we describe the strict convexity of the fiber bodies of the so called puffed polytopes. Then we provide an explicit equation for the support function of the fiber bodies of some smooth convex bodies. Finally we give a formula that allows to compute the fiber bodies of a zonoid with a particular focus on certain zonoids called discotopes. Throughout the paper we illustrate our results with detailed examples.
Bioenergetic Evaluation of Muscle Fatigue in Murine Tongue
Authors: Glass Tiffany J. , Rowe Linda M. , Cullen Jared , Connor Nadine P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMuscle fatigue is the diminution of force required for a particular action over time. Fatigue may be particularly pronounced in aging muscles, including those used for swallowing actions. Because risk for swallowing impairment (dysphagia) increases with aging, the contribution of muscle fatigue to age-related dysphagia is an emerging area of interest. The use of animal models, such as mice and rats (murine models) allows experimental paradigms for studying the relationship between muscle fatigue and swallowing function with a high degree of biological precision that is not possible in human studies. The goal of this article is to review basic experimental approaches to the study of murine tongue muscle fatigue related to dysphagia. Traditionally, murine muscle fatigue has been studied in limb muscles through direct muscle stimulation and behavioral exercise paradigms. As such, physiological and bioenergetic markers of muscle fatigue that have been validated in limb muscles may be applicable in studies of cranial muscle fatigue with appropriate modifications to account for differences in muscle architecture, innervation ratio, and skeletal support. Murine exercise paradigms may be used to elicit acute fatigue in tongue muscles, thereby enabling study of putative muscular adaptations. Using these approaches, hypotheses can be developed and tested in mice and rats to allow for future focused studies in human subjects geared toward developing and optimizing treatments for age-related dysphagia.
Clinical and molecular characterization of a large primary hyperoxaluria cohort from Saudi Arabia: a retrospective study
Authors: Alfadhel Majid , Umair Muhammad , Alghamdi Malak A. , Al Fakeeh Khalid , Al Qahtani Abdullah T. , Farahat Afrah , Shalaby Mohamed A. , Kari Jameela A. , Raina Rupesh , Cochat Pierre , Alhasan Khalid A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Primary hyperoxalurias (PHs) constitute rare disorders resulting in abnormal glyoxalate metabolism. PH-associated phenotypes range from progressive nephrocalcinosis and/or recurrent urolithiasis to early kidney failure.

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted for patients with confirmed PH diagnoses from three tertiary centers in Saudi Arabia. Detailed clinical molecular diagnosis was performed for 25 affected individuals. Whole exome sequencing (WES)–based molecular diagnosis was performed for all affected individuals.

Results
The male:female ratio was 52% male (n = 13) and 48% female (n = 12), and consanguinity was present in 88%. Nephrolithiasis and/or nephrocalcinosis were present in all patients. Kidney stones were present in 72%, nephrocalcinosis in 60%, hematuria in 32%, proteinuria in 16%, abdominal pain in 36%, developmental delay in 8%, and chronic kidney disease stage 5 (CKD stage 5) was observed in 28% of the patients. The most common PH disorder was type I caused by variants in the AGXT gene, accounting for 56%. The GRHPR gene variants were identified in 4 patients, 16% of the total cases. Seven patients did not reveal any associated variants. Missense variants were the most commonly observed variants (48%), followed by frame-shift duplication variants (28%).

Conclusions
Characterization of the genetic and clinical aspects of PH in this unique population provides direction for improved patient management and further research.

Graphical abstract
Fetal growth restriction followed by very preterm birth is associated with smaller kidneys but preserved kidney function in adolescence
Authors: Liefke Jonas , Heijl Caroline , Steding-Ehrenborg Katarina , Morsing Eva , Arheden Håkan , Ley David , Hedström Erik 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Preterm birth and fetal growth restriction (FGR) are associated with structural and functional kidney changes, increasing long-term risk for chronic kidney disease and hypertension. However, recent studies in preterm children are conflicting, indicating structural changes but normal kidney function. This study therefore assessed kidney structure and function in a cohort of adolescents born very preterm with and without verified FGR.

Methods
Adolescents born very preterm with FGR and two groups with appropriate birthweight (AGA) were included; one matched for gestational week at birth and one born at term. Cortical and medullary kidney volumes and T1 and T2* mapping values were assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. Biochemical markers of kidney function and renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) activation were analyzed.

Results
Sixty-four adolescents were included (13–16 years; 48% girls). Very preterm birth with FGR showed smaller total (66 vs. 75 ml/m2; p = 0.01) and medullary volume (19 vs. 24 ml/m2; p < 0.0001) compared to term AGA. Corticomedullary volume ratio decreased from preterm FGR (2.4) to preterm AGA (2.2) to term AGA (1.9; p = 0.004). There were no differences in T1 or T2* values (all p ≥ 0.34) or in biochemical markers (all p ≥ 0.12) between groups.

Conclusions
FGR with abnormal fetal blood flow followed by very preterm birth is associated with smaller total kidney and medullary kidney volumes, but not with markers of kidney dysfunction or RAAS activation in adolescence. Decreased total kidney and medullary volumes may still precede a long-term decrease in kidney function, and potentially be used as a prognostic marker.

Graphical abstract
How multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children discriminated from Kawasaki disease: a differentiating score based on an inception cohort study
Authors: Sobh Ali , Mosa Doaa Mosad , Khaled Nada , Korkor Mai S. , Noureldin Mohamed Ahmed , Eita Ahmad M. , Elnagdy Marwa H. , El-Bayoumi Mohammed A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
About 25–50% of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) patients meet the criteria for diagnosis of Kawasaki disease (KD). The differentiation of both conditions is so challenging on clinical practice as the management of both is time dependant and precise diagnosis is fundamental.

Method
Data were collected from children < 18 years old hospitalized with MIS-C or KD. Patient demographics, clinical, and laboratory data were compared, and a discrimination score was created to assist in clinical differentiation.

Results
72 patients with MIS-C and 18 with KD were included in the study. Patients with MIS-C had a higher prevalence of abdominal pain (p = 0.02), vomiting (p = 0.03), and cervical lymphadenopathy (p = 0.02) compared with KD cases. MIS-C patients had higher liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (p = 0.04), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (p = 0.03), serum creatinine (p = 0.03), and lower platelet count nadir (p = 0.02) than KD. Four variables were detected in the regression analysis model, and the independent predictors were utilized to generate a scoring model that distinguished MIS-C from KD with an area under the curve of 0.70.

Conclusion
This study constructed a prediction model for differentiation of MIS-C from KD based on clinical and laboratory profiles. This model will be valuable to guide clinicians in the treatment decisions.

Key Points• Children with MIS-C are more likely to have gastrointestinal symptoms, cervical lymphadenopathy, and respiratory involvement than KD patients.• Elevated liver enzymes and lower platelet count are more pronounced laboratory findings in MIS-C than KD.• This study constructed a prediction model for differentiation of MIS-C from KD based on clinical and laboratory profiles. This model will be valuable to guide clinicians in the treatment decisions.
Increasing flow rates in polydimethylsiloxane-based deterministic lateral displacement devices for sub-micrometer particle separation
Authors: Marhenke Julius , Dirnecker Tobias , Vogel Nicolas , Rommel Mathias 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study, we show the design and manufacturing of microfluidic deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) devices for sub-micrometer particle separation. For that purpose, devices with pillar gaps of 4 µm and a periodicity of 50 were designed. After photolithographic manufacturing of SU-8 masters with different heights (15 and 30 µm) and vertical sidewalls for soft-lithographic replication with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) the influence of flow rate on the separation efficiency of 0.45 and 0.97 µm particles was investigated. The 15 µm devices were operated at 0.125 and 0.5 µl/min sample flow rate and the 30 µm devices at 0.5 and 2.0 µl/min, respectively. Excellent separation efficiencies were observed for both device heights at the lower sample flow rates, while separation efficiencies decreased at the respective higher sample flow rates. The decrease in separation efficiency was attributed to deformation of the soft PDMS pillars, which causes an increase in pillar gaps at the higher sample flow rates as shown by microscopy imaging. The advantage of the 30 µm devices over the 15 µm devices is clearly shown by the separation of 0.45 and 0.97 µm particles at 0.5 µl/min. Due to reduced hydrodynamic resistance in the 30 µm devices and thus less pillar deformation, the displacement efficiency of 0.97 µm particles was above 99% compared to 46–57% for the 15 µm devices. Our 30 µm devices demonstrated excellent separation at a tenfold higher sample flow rate with 0.5 µl/min compared to comparable PDMS-based devices operating in the same size regime.
Pseudo-parabolic Category over Quaternionic Projective Plane
Authors: Jones Gareth , Mudrov Andrey 
Published: November 2022

AbstractQuaternionic projective plane $\mathbb {H} P^{2}$
ℍ

P

2

is the next simplest conjugacy class of a complex symplectic group with pseudo-Levi stabilizer subgroup after the sphere $\mathbb {S}^{4}\simeq \mathbb {H} P^{1}$

S

4

≃
ℍ

P

1

. Its quantization gives rise to a module category $\mathcal {O}_{t}\bigl (\mathbb {H} P^{2}\bigr )$

O

t

(

ℍ

P

2

)

over finite-dimensional representations of the symplectic quantum group $U_{q}\bigl (\mathfrak {s}\mathfrak {p}(6)\bigr )$

U

q

(

s
p
(
6
)

)

, a full subcategory in the BGG category $\mathcal {O}$
O
. We prove that $\mathcal {O}_{t}\bigl (\mathbb {H} P^{2}\bigr )$

O

t

(

ℍ

P

2

)

is semi-simple and equivalent to a category of quantized equivariant vector bundles on $\mathbb {H} P^{2}$
ℍ

P

2

.
Provident vehicle detection at night for advanced driver assistance systems
Authors: Ewecker Lukas , Asan Ebubekir , Ohnemus Lars , Saralajew Sascha 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn recent years, computer vision algorithms have become more powerful, which enabled technologies such as autonomous driving to evolve rapidly. However, current algorithms mainly share one limitation: They rely on directly visible objects. This is a significant drawback compared to human behavior, where visual cues caused by objects (e. g., shadows) are already used intuitively to retrieve information or anticipate occurring objects. While driving at night, this performance deficit becomes even more obvious: Humans already process the light artifacts caused by the headlamps of oncoming vehicles to estimate where they appear, whereas current object detection systems require that the oncoming vehicle is directly visible before it can be detected. Based on previous work on this subject, in this paper, we present a complete system that can detect light artifacts caused by the headlights of oncoming vehicles so that it detects that a vehicle is approaching providently (denoted as provident vehicle detection). For that, an entire algorithm architecture is investigated, including the detection in the image space, the three-dimensional localization, and the tracking of light artifacts. To demonstrate the usefulness of such an algorithm, the proposed algorithm is deployed in a test vehicle to use the detected light artifacts to control the glare-free high beam system proactively (react before the oncoming vehicle is directly visible). Using this experimental setting, the provident vehicle detection system’s time benefit compared to an in-production computer vision system is quantified. Additionally, the glare-free high beam use case provides a real-time and real-world visualization interface of the detection results by considering the adaptive headlamps as projectors. With this investigation of provident vehicle detection, we want to put awareness on the unconventional sensing task of detecting objects providently (detection based on observable visual cues the objects cause before they are visible) and further close the performance gap between human behavior and computer vision algorithms to bring autonomous and automated driving a step forward.
A Novel Method to Quantify Near-Surface Boundary-Layer Dynamics at Ultra-High Spatio-Temporal Resolution
Authors: Haugeneder Michael , Lehning Michael , Reynolds Dylan , Jonas Tobias , Mott Rebecca 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe lateral transport of heat above abrupt (sub-)metre-scale steps in land surface temperature influences the local surface energy balance. We present a novel experimental method to investigate the stratification and dynamics of the near-surface atmospheric layer over a heterogeneous land surface. Using a high-resolution thermal infrared camera pointing at synthetic screens, a $$30\,\hbox {Hz}$$

30

Hz

sequence of frames is recorded. The screens are deployed upright and horizontally aligned with the prevailing wind direction. The screen’s surface temperature serves as a proxy for the local air temperature. We developed a method to estimate near-surface two-dimensional wind fields at centimetre resolution from tracking the air temperature pattern on the screens. Wind field estimations are validated with near-surface three-dimensional short-path ultrasonic data. To demonstrate the capabilities of the screen method, we present results from a comprehensive field campaign at an alpine research site during patchy snow cover conditions. The measurements reveal an extremely heterogeneous near-surface atmospheric layer. Vertical profiles of horizontal and vertical wind reflect multiple layers of different static stability within $$2\,\hbox {m}$$

2

m

above the surface. A dynamic, thin stable internal boundary layer (SIBL) develops above the leading edge of snow patches protecting the snow surface from warmer air above. During pronounced gusts, the warm air from aloft entrains into the SIBL and reaches down to the snow surface adding energy to the snow pack. Measured vertical turbulent sensible heat fluxes are shown to be consistent with air temperature and wind profiles obtained using the screen method and confirm its capabilities to investigate complex in situ near-surface heat exchange processes.
Representing learning designs in a design support tool
Authors: Zalavra Eleni , Papanikolaou Kyparisia , Dimitriadis Yannis , Sgouropoulou Cleo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLearning Design (LD) research accounts for several design support tools, or LD tools, employing representations for learning designs to facilitate the “teachers as designers” thinking while preparing learning experiences. In contrast to existing studies having followed mainly a specialist/researcher (as opposed to a teacher) perspective, our quest to develop an LD tool follows a Design-Based Research (DBR) approach involving practitioners. Specifically, in this paper, we attempt to give voice to teachers as designers and investigate how they prefer having their learning designs represented by LD tools. Aiming to create a principled account of how to represent learning designs in an LD tool, we first conducted an integrative literature review to formulate a representational framework that drove our research. Subsequently, we addressed the following LD representational dimensions: (i) format, (ii) organisation, (iii) guidance and support, and (iv) contextualisation. We are reporting on a case study conducted with 16 participants in a teacher education context. Although previous research typically reported findings based on a single LD tool’s evaluation over a short period, we have opted for eliciting feedback based on a rich LD experience. To this end, we acquainted participants in LD projects with two LD tools (Learning Designer and WebCollage) during an academic semester. Furthermore, we followed a mixed-method explanatory sequential design applied through a survey questionnaire and semi-structured interviews to achieve a more profound consideration of the teachers’ preferences for LD representations. Our findings indicate that the teachers strongly endorse an LD tool supporting a visual format and a global organisation in the form of a table that provides a global overview of a learning design while focusing on its specific elements. Teachers seem to prefer an LD tool that balances providing guidance and flexibility, as they opt for (i) a non-restrictive taxonomy for articulating learning objectives, (ii) some form of standardisation for formatting learning units, along with allowing free formation, (iii) a flexible pedagogical framework for modelling the learning activities’ pedagogy so that it can be adjusted to particular designers’ needs, and (iv) a typology of technologies that can be utilised or not. In addition, they seemed to favour an LD tool supporting high contextualisation, as they prefer to describe contextual details for a learning design’s units and activities. These findings constitute design principles for our ongoing DBR and may stimulate momentum for researchers developing LD tools.
Cultural novelty and international students’ experience: a five-country study
Authors: Wilczewski Michał , Wang Rong , Du Juana , Søderberg Anne-Marie , Giuri Paola , Mughan Terence , Puffer Sheila M. , Jacob Mark J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractResearch has linked cultural differences between a sojourner’s home and host country with their cultural transformation. Nonetheless, the results of empirical studies are inconclusive due to different operationalizations of cultural differences and testing among different groups of sojourners. We extend previous investigations by examining the effects of cultural novelty (i.e., the subjective perception of cultural differences) on the experience of international students (N = 1114) in Denmark, Germany, Italy, Poland, and the USA. Drawing on acculturation and social learning theories, we conceptualized a model of students’ adjustment and satisfaction taking into account cultural novelty. We tested the model through multi-group structural equation modeling (SEM) and examined the various relationships across subsamples from all five countries. We determined the significant effects of cultural novelty and a range of factors impacting students’ intercultural experience, such as their cultural intelligence, cultural background, second-language skills, time in the host country, and socialization with domestic students, and how the effects may vary by the host country. We discuss implications for future research and practice.