bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entanglement and Correlation Measures for Quantum Multipartite Mixed States
Authors: Vesperini Arthur , Bel-Hadj-Aissa Ghofrane , Franzosi Roberto 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Entanglement, and quantum correlation, are precious resources for quantum technologies implementation based on quantum information science, such as quantum communication, quantum computing, and quantum interferometry. Nevertheless, to our best knowledge, a directly or numerically computable measure for the entanglement of multipartite mixed states is still lacking. In this work, ${\it i)}$ we derive a measure of the degree of quantum correlation for mixed multipartite states. The latter possesses a closed-form expression valid in the general case unlike, to our best knowledge, all other known measures of quantum correlation. ${\it ii)}$ We further propose an entanglement measure, derived from this quantum correlation measure using a novel regularization procedure for the density matrix. Therefore, a comparison of the proposed measures, of quantum correlation and entanglement, allows one to distinguish between quantum correlation detached from entanglement and the one induced by entanglement and, hence, to identify separable but non-classical states. Finally, we have tested our entanglement measure, on states well-known in literature: a general Bell diagonal state and the Werner states, which are easily tractable with our regularization procedure, and we have verified the accordance between our measures and the expected results for these states.
Accuracy of B-mode ultrasonography and ARFI elastography in the evaluation of the hip joint and hip musculature for the early and late diagnosis of hip dysplasia in dogs
Authors: Carneiro Rafael Kretzer , Cruz Igor Cezar Kniphoff da , Gasser Beatriz , Lima Bruna , Aires Luiz Paulo Nogueira , Ferreira Márcio Poletto , Uscategui Ricardo Andres Ramirez , Giglio Robson Fortes , Minto Bruno Watanabe , Feliciano Marcus Antônio Rossi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Canine hip dysplasia is common orthopedic disease in veterinary, characterized by hip instability in puppies and secondary degenerative joint disease in adult. Radiographic examination has been the main diagnostic method of hip dysplasia. Different radiographic studies, in addition to diagnosing joint laxity and degenerative joint disease, facilitate patient screening and selection of optimal treatment. However, radiographs do not allow for the assessment of capsular characteristics and adjacent muscles, which can be thoroughly evaluated using various ultrasound techniques. Radiographic examinations require anesthetic management, often causing discomfort in the patients and an inconvenience to owners. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of B-mode ultrasonography and acoustic radiation force impulse elastography in the evaluation of the joint capsule and periarticular musculature of dogs using the classification of the Orthopedic Foundation of Animals (OFA) and the distraction index (DI) in the early and late diagnosis of hip dysplasia. This study sought to propose a protocol for the ultrasonographic evaluation of the structures involved in canine hip movement.
Results: Radiographic and ultrasonographic evaluations were performed on 108 hip joints of 54 dogs. Thirty dogs were older than 2 years and 24 were aged between 4 and 10 months. It was verified that an increase in pectineus muscle stiffness (cutoff value >2.77 m/s) by elastography and an increase in the thickness of the joint capsule (cutoff value >0.9 mm) in B-mode ultrasonography, were associated with a distraction index >0.5, with both having a positive correlation. In B-mode ultrasonographic evaluation, the presence of signs of degenerative joint disease, such as irregularities of the cranial edge of the acetabulum and femoral head, were associated with a distraction index >0.5 in canines, with a specificity of 94%. In adult dogs, the findings of degenerative joint disease on ultrasound were associated with a diseased OFA classification (P<0.05). Measurement of the joint capsule >1.10 mm was diagnostic for dysplasia in unhealthy dogs by OFA.
Conclusions: Ultrasound can be used as an adjuvant diagnostic modality in the diagnosis of hip dysplasia in association with radiographic evaluation in young and adult animals.
Covid-19: Introduction of a new lifestyle and diet among the Malaysians
Authors: Pitol Md. Najmus Sayadat , Sa Ana Shakirah Md 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The stay-at-home conditions due to the COVID-19 pandemic significantly alter the Malaysian lifestyle. All Malaysians faced difficulties adopting the new lifestyle, handling the virus transmission, and worrying about family and friends. A hypothetico-deductive technique has been conducted to find out the new lifestyle and the difficulties of adopting the new lifestyle of Malaysians. The findings of our study were reliable where the Cronbach's Alpha values were all above (0.70) with the sample, and the entire sample of 112 was sufficient to provide the value for the medium effect size for the computation of the F-tests.
Results
It seemed that the jobs traveling and outdoor sports time were somewhat reduced. In contrast, indoor sports activities, online games, physical exercises, and the number of staycations during the pandemic stayed the same. However, religious activities, Body Mass Index, online shopping, sleeping time, amount of anxiety, amount of caffeine, medical consumption, watching movies, and watching drama series during Covid-19 was somewhat increased. In addition, respondents' time spent on social media and online meetings during Covid-19 were much increased. We found no significant differences in the means of the dependent variables (Lifestyle of Covid-19) amongst all demographic characteristics except age and employment status.
Conclusions
In detail, the lifestyle of respondents aged 24 and below have significantly changed compared to their older counterparts. Besides, the lifestyles of unemployed, students and retirees have changed considerably compared to those who serve Government & Statutory Bodies. The results will help policymakers to make the right decisions about improving the quality of life after Corona.
Genetic diversity and recombination event in bovine parechovirus infecting Japanese cattle
Authors: Oba Mami , Obinata Shiho , Takemae Hitoshi , Kazama Kei , Oguro Masashi , Ito Kazuki , Kakinuma Seiichi , Ishida Hiroho , Murakami Hironobu , Sakaguchi Shoichi , Mizutani Tetsuya , Nagai Makoto 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The first bovine parechovirus (Bo_ParV) was reported in 2021 and only two nearly complete genomes of Bo_ParV were available. In this study, we detected Bo_ParVs in 10 out of 158 bovine fecal samples using real-time RT-PCR and Bo_ParVs were isolated from three of these samples using MA104 cells. Analysis of the P1 region revealed that Bo_ParVs shared high pairwise amino acid sequence identities (≥95.7%), suggesting antigenic similarity among Bo_ParVs, whereas nucleotide sequence identities were diverse (≥84.8%). A recombination break point was identified in the 2B region, which may influence the evolution of this virus.
Measurement of Microscopic Thermal Diffusivity Distribution for Ryugu Sample by Infrared Lock-in Periodic Heating Method
Authors: Ishizaki Takuya , Nagano Hosei , Tanaka Satoshi , Sakatani Naoya , Nakamura Tomoki , Okada Tatsuaki , Fujita Ryohei , Alasli Abdulkareem , Morita Tomoyo , Kikuiri Mizuha , Amano Kana , Kagawa Eiichi , Yurimoto Hisayoshi , Noguchi Takaaki , Okazaki Ryuji , Yabuta Hikaru , Naraoka Hiroshi , Sakamoto Kanako , Tachibana Shogo , Watanabe Sei-ichiro , Tsuda Yuichi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

The thermophysical properties of small Solar System bodies are essential to be determined, on which the thermal evolution of small bodies largely depends. The carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu is one of the small undifferentiated bodies formed in the early Solar System. Hayabusa2 explored the asteroid Ryugu and returned the surface samples in 2020 for detailed on-ground investigation, including measurements of thermal properties. Because the available sample amount was limited, this study developed a novel method to measure the thermal diffusivity of small and irregularly shaped samples of about 1 mm in diameter by combining lock-in thermography and periodic heating methods on the microscale. This method enables us to measure the thermal diffusivity of both flat-plate and granular shape samples by selecting the suitable detecting direction of the temperature response. Especially, when the sample has a flat-plate shape, the anisotropic distribution of the in-plane thermal diffusivity can be evaluated. This method was applied to six Ryugu samples, and the detailed anisotropic distribution of the thermal diffusivity was obtained. The measurement results showed that the samples show local thermal anisotropy caused by cracks and voids. The average thermal diffusivity among all samples was (2.8 − 5.8) × 10− 7 m2/s. Based on the density and specific heat of the samples obtained independently, the thermal effusivity was estimated to be 791 − 1253 J/(s1/2m2K), which is defined as the resistance of surface temperature to the change of thermal input. The determined thermal effusivity, often called thermal inertia in planetary science, is larger than the observed value of 225 ± 45 J/(s1/2m2K) of the asteroid Ryugu's surface, obtained from the diurnal temperature change of the rotating asteroid by a thermal infrared camera onboard Hayabuas2. This difference is likely to be attributed to the difference in the analytical scale between the sample and the surface boulders compared with the thermal diffusion length. Consequently, it was found that the present result is more representative of the thermal diffusivity and thermal inertia of individual Ryugu particles.
Biomechanical study of the ortho⁃bridge system used in bilateral fixation of type A3 distal femoral fracture
Authors: liu jianke , qi yubin , long yuntao , huang zhaozhao , wang wen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
To compare the biomechanical parameters of AO/OTA type A3 distal femoral fractures fixed bilaterally with an ortho-bridge system (OBS) and lateral locking compression plate + locking reconstruction plate (LCP + LRP).
Methods
Twelve A3 distal femoral fracture models with medial cortical defects of the distal femur were created using synthetic femoral Sawbones. OBS and LCP + LRP were used for bilateral fixation, with six in each group. Axial compression and torsion tests were performed on the two groups of fracture models to determine their stiffness during axial compression and the torsion angles during torsion tests. Axial compression failure tests were performed to collect the vertical loads of the ultimate failure tests.
Results
In the test conducted on the fixed type A3 distal femoral fracture models, the axial stiffness in the OBS group (group A) (1072.61 ± 113.5 N) was not significantly different from that of the LCP + LRP group (group B) (1184.13 ± 110.24 N) (t = 1.726, P = 0.115), the torsion angle in the group B (2.6° ± 0.03°) was higher than that in group A (2.36° ± 0.1°) (t = 5.746, P < 0.001), and the ultimate failure test of type A3 fracture model showed that the vertical load to destroy group A fixation (5290.45 ± 109.63 N) was higher than that of the group B (3978.43 ± 17.1 N) (t = 23.28, P < 0.05). Notably, intertrochanteric fractures occurred in the A and B groups.
Conclusions
In the fixation of type A3 distal femoral fractures, the anti-axial compression of OBS was similar to that of the LCP + LRP group, but the anti-torsion was better.
Evaluating psychological distress associated with life events under the traumatic experience threshold in patients with major depressive and bipolar disorder
Authors: Ishii Hiroki , Hashimoto Tasuku , Sato Aiko , Tanaka Mami , Seki Ryota , Ogawa Michi , Kimura Atsushi , Nakazato Michiko , Iyo Masaomi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) experience psychological distress associated with daily events that do not meet the threshold for traumatic experiences, referred to as event-related psychological distress (ERPD). Recently, we developed an assessment tool for ERPD, the ERPD-24. This tool considers four factors of ERPD: feelings of revenge, rumination, self-denial, and mental paralysis. We conducted a cross-sectional study between March 2021 and October 2022 to identify the differences and clinical features of ERPD among patients with MDD and BD and healthy subjects who did not experience traumatic events. Specifically, we assessed ERPD using the ERPD-24 and anxiety-related symptoms with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, and anxious-depressive attack. We used a one-way analysis of variance test to compare differences among the groups, followed by a post hoc test. Non-remitted MDD patients and BD patients regardless of remission/non-remission presented more severe ERPD than healthy subjects. This study also demonstrated the relationships between all anxiety-related symptoms including social phobia and anxious-depressive attack and ERPD in both BD and MDD patients and in healthy subjects. In conclusion, patients with non-remitted MDD and with BD regardless of remission/non-remission experience severe ERPD related to anxiety-related symptoms.
Resolving the discrepancies in reported 13C solid state NMR chemical shifts for native celluloses
Authors: Brouwer Darren H. , Mikolajewski Janelle G. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A survey of the literature reporting solid-state 13C NMR spectra of native celluloses reveals inconsistencies in the reported 13C chemical shifts for cellulose Iα and Iβ allomorphs. With reported chemical shifts varying by up to 2 ppm, it is not clear what the correct chemical shifts actually are. Since reliable experimental data are important to future work, such as quantum chemical calculations of NMR parameters or identification of cellulose phases in complex cellulosic materials, it is important that the correct experimental chemical shifts be established with confidence. Through a process of digitization of previously reported spectra and careful consideration of how chemical shifts were referenced in the past, it has been possible to correct previously reported spectra of cellulose Iα and Iβ, putting them on the same chemical shift scale and establishing a definitive set of correctly referenced 13C chemical shifts for cellulose Iα and Iβ allomorphs. In addition, 1D and 2D 13C NMR experiments were carried out on a cellulose Iα-rich bacterial cellulose sample (with 25% 13C enrichment), providing additional evidence for these 13C chemical shifts and a new peak assignment of the 13C signals to the glucose units in cellulose Iα. This work resolves many of inconsistencies in the cellulose solid-state NMR literature and provides a definitive set of 13C chemical shifts that will be important for future work.
Financial Literacy and Finance Behaviors in Latin America and its Relationship with the COVID-Pandemic Period
Authors: Sandoval Juan S. , Collazos María , Sarmiento Julio , Cayón Edgardo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Governments worldwide conceive financial literacy as a crucial issue to improve the financial well-being of families. However, the relationship between financial literacy and financial behaviors is inconclusive, especially in developing countries where few studies have tried to assess this relationship. We considered a subjective and an objective measure for financial literacy and 16 financial behaviors of participants from Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, and Peru. In general, we found endogeneity issues in most financial behaviors, and most financial behaviors are not correlated with any of the two measures of financial literacy. Despite that, we found a positive statistically significant relationship between financial literacy and having a savings account, having a budget, setting long-term goals, being willing to take risks, and considering the affordability of something before buying it. Additionally, we found a negative statistically significant relationship between financial literacy and the probability of having higher spending than income and having informal loans. The relationships of the objective financial literacy measure (the Big Three questions) with those financial behaviors listed previously are statistically dependent on the COVID pandemic, which was not the case for the subjective financial literacy measure. The results of the endogeneity issue and the fact that financial literacy might not impact all financial behaviors should be considered for the design of future financial education programs or research projects.
JEL classification codes: G51, G53
Mathematical Processing of Absorption as Green Smart Spectrophotometric Methods for Concurrent Assay of Hepatitis C Antiviral Drugs, Sofosbuvir and Simeprevir: Application to Combined Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and evaluation of the method greenness
Authors: Derayea Sayed M , Hamad Amal E. , Mohammed Bassam Shaaban 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The present work was developed to create three rapid, simple, eco-friendly, cheap spectrophotometric methods for concurrent assay of Sofosbuvir (SOF) and Simeprevir (SMV) in their pure, laboratory prepared mixture and pharmaceutical dosage form with high degree of accuracy and precision. Three methods were developed including isosbestic point, ratio subtraction and dual wavelength. The linear range of the proposed methods was 3–50 and 2–50 µg mL− 1 for SMV and SOF, respectively. The proposed methods were validated according to ICH guidelines in terms of linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection and limit of quantitation. The proposed approach is highly simple and the procedure is environmentally green making it suitable for the drug analysis in routine works.
CTNNBIP1 Act as A potential Prognostic Biomarker and A ­­Comprehensive Prognostic Analysis in Osteosarcoma
Authors: Wen Jian , Wan Lijia , Dong Xieping 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy in children and young adults with poor outcomes in patients with recurrence and metastasis. The role of Wnt signaling pathway in osteosarcoma was complex and not well specified.
Methods: KEGG Wnt signaling pathway related genes were screened by univariate Cox regression analysis, Boruta feature selection and KM analysis in TARGET-OS cohort for the gene with the highest prognostic value in osteosarcoma. Clinical and immune cell infiltration features were also screened by univariate Cox regression, respectively. A prognostic model was established by the indicators screened above and evaluated in training and validation sets. Then, functional analysis of the differentially expressed genes were performed.
Results: CTNNBIP1 was screened as the KEGG Wnt signaling pathway related gene with the highest prognostic value in osteosarcoma. Metastasis, tumor site and M2 macrophage infiltration in tumor tissue were also identified as prognostic indicators. The model established by these indicators was evaluated in training set and successfully validated in validation set. C-index (0.812 in training set and 0.787 in validation set) and Calibration analysis suggested that the model had high prediction accuracy both in training and validation set. AUCs of the ROC analysis for 1-,3-,5-year prediction of the model were 0.96, 0.81 and 0.81 in training set, 0.80, 0.83 and 0.89 in validation set. Decision curve analyses also showed that patients could get high net benefit from the model. Functional analyses of the differential expressed genes between normal and osteosarcoma patients indicated that Wnt signaling pathway and cell cycle were upregulated and focal adhesion was downregulated in osteosarcoma patients. The overexpression of CTNNBIP1 in osteosarcoma tissues was validated by immunohistochemistry.
Conclusions: CTNNBIP1 was a potential prognostic gene and therapeutic target in osteosarcoma. Prognostic model established by CTNNBIP1, clinical and immune cell infiltration indicators had good prediction accuracy and discriminatory capacity.
Etiologic fractions in patients of Hepatocellular carcinoma in India with and without a background of cirrhosis - a multi-centric study
Authors: Prabhakar Tushar , Kaushal Kanica , Prasad Manya , Gupta Ekta , Sood Ajit , Jain Ajay , Shukla Akash , Goel Ashish , Duseja Ajay , Saraya Anoop , Shah Samir , Kumar Guresh , Sarin Shiv Kumar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular cancer (HCC) typically arises in the background of cirrhosis. Its epidemiology has been changing due to availability of antivirals, changing life-styles and early detection. We undertook a multicentric national sentinel surveillance for liver cirrhosis and HCC to assess the attributable risk factors for development of HCC, both with and without a background of cirrhosis.
Methods: Data from January 2017 till August 2022 from hospital-based records of eleven participating centres was included. Diagnosed cases of cirrhosis [radiological (multiphase and/or histopathological] and HCC [as per AASLD 2018] were included. History of significant alcohol intake was elicited by AUDIT-C questionnaire.
Results: Altogether 5798 enrolled patients were assessed, of which 2664 patients had HCC. The mean age was 58.2±11.7 years and 84.3% (n=2247) were males. Diabetes was found in over a third of those with HCC (n=1032;39.5%). The most common etiology of HCC was NAFLD (n=927;35.5%) followed by viral hepatitis B and C and harmful levels of alcohol. Among those with HCC, 27.9% (n=744) had no cirrhosis. Higher proportion of cirrhotic HCC patients had alcohol as an etiological factor as compared to non-cirrhotic (17.5% Vs 4.7%, p= <0.001). NAFLD was an etiological factor for a higher proportion of non-cirrhotic HCC patients as compared to cirrhotic HCC (48.2% Vs 30.6%, p=< 0.001). Diabetics more commonly had non-cirrhotic HCC (50.5% vs 35.2%). The odds of having cirrhotic HCC was 1.409 times greater for >60 years, 1.372 times for males and 3.472 times for harmful alcohol consumption. Those with NAFLD were 1.553 times more likely to develop non-cirrhotic HCC.
Conclusion: This large multi-centric study demonstrates that NAFLD is the most important risk factor for development of both cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic HCC in India and has overtaken viral hepatitis. Awareness campaigns and large-scale screening are required to reduce the high burden of NAFLD related HCC in India.
Hybrid Model for Breast Cancer Diagnosis on Mammograms Using Transfer Learning
Authors: abokaff loujain , saii mariam 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer among women all over the world, which leads to the death of many women every year due to misdiagnosis and late treatment. Therefore, in this research, a new deep learning model was developed based on Python and using the mini-MIAS dataset. Initially image contrast optimization operations and segmentation were performed to enhance image and extract the region of interest (breast region) in order to improve the performance of the model and increase the accuracy of diagnosis and then extract the features using the transfer learning technique and based on a set of pre-trained networks. A comparison was made between a set of pre-trained convolutional network architectures (VGG16, ResNet50, MobileNetV2, InceptionV3) where the VGG16 network gave the best performance in the phase of extracting features and then building the final hybrid model by merging the VGG16 network with the random forest classifier. Our model achieved 94.25% average accuracy and the Area under curve (AUC) is 98% for all three classes, in addition to reducing the time required to build the system.