bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic alterations in the lung microbiota in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury
Authors: Tian Zhigang , Wu Enqi , You Jia , Ma Gang , Jiang Shenzhen , Liu Yuanyuan , Hou Jia , Hou Sihan , Ling Yaqin , Pei Lingpeng , Zheng Xiwei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe lung microbiota have been found to be substantially altered in numerous pulmonary disorders, and crosstalk between the host pathophysiology and lung microbiota plays critical roles in the regulation of disease states. The aim of this study was to investigate dynamic changes in the lung microbiota during different stages of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS). Rats receiving an intraperitoneal administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were sacrificed at 12 and 48 h after injection, and the hematological parameters, serum cytokine levels, and histological characteristics of the lung tissue and lung microbiota were assessed. After LPS injection, along with fluctuations of systemic cytokine levels and the onset and regression of pulmonary edema, the diversity, components, and functionalities of the pulmonary microbiota underwent significant dynamic changes. The volatility of the α-diversity indices narrowed after LPS injection, and the indices significantly decreased 48 h later. The abundance of 18 genera and functionality of adenosine triphosphate–binding cassette (ABC) transporters, pentose phosphate, and bacterial chemotaxis pathways were found to significantly differ between specified time points. Several significant correlations between the components and functionalities of the lung microbiota and indicative symptoms of ALI/ARDS were also observed. Brevibacterium was correlated with cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-10, and IL-6 and with hematological percentage of neutrophils (NEU%); Wnt, Notch, and chronic myeloid leukemia signaling pathways were correlated with IL-1β; mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway–yeast was correlated with IL-10; and the pathways of ascorbate and aldarate metabolism and basal transcription factors were correlated with platelet-related indicators. The correlations between the lung microbiota and indicative symptoms of ALI/ARDS identified in this study support further investigation into the underlying mechanism of host–microbiota interactions during lung injury and repair.
Impact of underweight on 3-year all-cause mortality in patients with acute severe hypertension: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kim Hyun-Jin , Kim Byung Sik , Lee Jun Hyeok , Shin Jeong-Hun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBody mass index (BMI) is used to measure body fat. We investigated the association between BMI and long-term clinical outcomes in patients with acute severe hypertension who visited the emergency department (ED). Cross-sectional study data were obtained from a single regional emergency medical center, including patients with elevated initial systolic blood pressure ≥ 180 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 100 mmHg. The patients were classified into five groups according to BMI level (underweight, normal, overweight, obese class I, II and III). Among 4867 patients who presented with acute severe hypertension at the ED, 935 (19.21%) died within 3-years. In particular, 140 (44.59%) patients in the underweight group died from any cause, which was the highest among the five groups, and there was a reverse J-shaped association between BMI and 3-year all-cause mortality. Underweight patients had a significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality by 1.55-fold during the 3-year follow-up. Rather, obesity was associated with a reduction in the 3-year all-cause mortality. Comorbidities, including chronic kidney disease and acute hypertension-mediated organ damage, were independent predictors of all-cause mortality in patients who were not underweight. Underweight contributes to worsening long-term clinical outcomes in patients with acute severe hypertension. Clinicians should consider BMI as one of the physical examination parameters in patients with acute severe hypertension, and management including lifestyle modifications such as diet control and exercise should be undertaken considering BMI and comorbidities.
Photogenerated cathodic protection properties of Ag/NiS/TiO2 nanocomposites
Authors: Wang Ning , Wang Jing , Ning Yanli , Ge Chengyue , Hou Baorong , Zhao Qianyu , Hu Yiteng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTiO2 is a semiconductor material used in photoelectric conversion. In order to improve its light utilization rate, nickel sulfide and silver nanoparticles were synthesized on the surface of titanium dioxide nanowires by simple impregnation-deposition and photoreduction methods. A series of studies were conducted on the cathodic protection effect of Ag/NiS/TiO2 nanocomposites on 304 stainless steel, with additional analyses on the material’s morphology, composition, and light absorption characteristics. The results indicate that when the number of nickel sulfide impregnation-deposition cycles is 6, and the silver nitrate photoreduction concentration is 0.1 M, the prepared Ag/NiS/TiO2 nanocomposites can provide the best cathodic protection for 304 stainless steel.
Techno-economic analysis of rooftop solar power plant implementation and policy on mosques: an Indonesian case study
Authors: Suparwoko  , Qamar Fadhil Ahmad 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIndonesia is pushing the implementation of renewable energy to meet its climate action target. Solar energy is abundant, and its utilization is prioritized, including rooftop solar power plant (RSPP). This research presents a techno-economic analysis of an RSPP installed in a mosque in Ngombol subdistrict, Purworejo district, Central Java, Indonesia. This article also introduces and explains the regulation of RSPP and electricity tariffs in Indonesia, which define the economics of RSPP. This study employs an operational and financial model to analyze RSPP in five scenarios. The RSPP design objective is to reduce the annual energy usage of the mosque and yield the highest Net Present Value (NPV). According to the result, RSPP at all configurations based on the type and number of panels yield negative NPVs at the current electricity tariff, costs of components, and regulations implemented concerning RSPP. Proposed policy adjustment modeled through different scenarios provide benefit to some extent, limited by other policies. Hence, a combination of different policy adjustments may be required to achieve the most optimal condition for RSPP implementation on the mosque rooftop. This study could help policymakers to understand the possible directions of policy design for faster PV implementation.
Engineering MoSe2/MoS2 heterojunction traps in 2D transistors for multilevel memory, multiscale display, and synaptic functions
Authors: Jeong Yeonsu , Lee Han Joo , Park Junkyu , Lee Sol , Jin Hye-Jin , Park Sam , Cho Hyunmin , Hong Sungjae , Kim Taewook , Kim Kwanpyo , Choi Shinhyun , Im Seongil 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe study a low voltage short pulse operating multilevel memory based on van der Waals heterostack (HS) n-MoSe2/n-MoS2 channel field-effect transistors (FETs). Our HS memory FET exploited the gate voltage (VGS)-induced trapping/de-trapping phenomena for Program/Erase functioning, which was maintained for long retention times owing to the existence of heterojunction energy barrier between MoS2 and MoSe2. More interestingly, trapped electron density was incrementally modulated by the magnitude or cycles of a pulsed VGS, enabling the HS device to achieve multilevel long-term memory. For a practical demonstration, five different levels of drain current were visualized with multiscale light emissions after our memory FET was integrated into an organic light-emitting diode pixel circuit. In addition, our device was applied to a synapse-imitating neuromorphic memory in an artificial neural network. We regard our unique HS channel FET to be an interesting and promising electron device undertaking multifunctional operations related to the upcoming fourth industrial revolution era.
Mn(ii) sub-nanometric site stabilization in noble, N-doped carbonaceous materials for electrochemical CO2 reduction
Authors: Kossmann Janina , Sánchez-Manjavacas Maria Luz Ortiz , Brandt Jessica , Heil Tobias , López-Salas Nieves , Albero Josep 
Published: March 2022

The reported N-doped noble carbonaceous support provides strong stabilization of Mn(ii) sub-nanometric active sites as well as a convenient coordination environment to produce CO, HCOOH and CH3COOH from electrochemical CO2 reduction.
Optimal design of an axial magnetic gear by using particle swarm optimisation method
Authors: Sepaseh Jalal , Rostami Naghi , Feyzi Mohammad Reza , Sharifian Mohammad Bagher Bannae 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper introduces a multi‐objective optimal design for an axial magnetic gear (AMG). In this study, the condition for high torque density and low cogging torque was deduced while the cost of the active materials was also reduced. The number and direction of permanent magnets and their arrangement were unchanged in the optimisation process, and the considered AMG's main dimensions were optimised using the particle swarm optimisation method. The optimised AMG was compared with the latest and similar structures with a relatively high torque density. To extract the produced torque density and cogging torque, three‐dimensional (3D) finite element analyses were conducted. The results showed that while torque density increased and cogging torque decreased, the total volume and magnetic materials used decreased significantly.
A GPU‐free real‐time object detection method for apron surveillance video based on quantized MobileNet‐SSD
Authors: Lyu Zonglei , Zhang Dan , Luo Jia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObject detection from apron surveillance video is facing enormous storage pressure and computing overhead. Large cloud server cluster is generally used and high‐speed network bandwidth is required, also equipped with powerful GPUs for computing support. The design of hardware‐friendly and efficient object detection model is challenging. This paper presents a compression method for outdoor apron surveillance videos, which is further combined with a lightweight detection model to make the inference process independent of GPU. First, the gray level variance of dynamic objects is leveraged to binarize the monitoring images, then an improved MobileNet‐SSD algorithm is proposed. Moreover, int8 quantization is performed and bit operations are designed to eliminate the floating‐point operation and it can simultaneously accelerate and compress CNN models with only minor performance degradation. Experiment results on a large‐scale dataset containing 22k monitoring images demonstrate that the compression ratio of quantized image can achieve up to 21 times, combined with quantized model, the detection on apron surveillance images can reach nearly 25FPS in a pure CPU environment, the mAP is 86.83%, and the model size is compressed to 600 kb. Significantly reduced computational complexity can be applied to embedded devices.
Gruppenpsychotherapie – Versorgungsrealität,
Rahmenbedingungen und Ablauf
Authors: Mattke Dankwart , Mohnke Eva 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Artikel beschreiben wir die Versorgung mit Gruppenpsychotherapie im
ambulanten Setting, erörtern die formalen Rahmenbedingungen in
Ausbildung und Durchführung von Gruppenpsychotherapien und geben einen
kurzen Einblick in den Ablauf einer verhaltenstherapeutischen
Gruppenpsychotherapie.
Magnetostrictive properties of Co-Fe alloy epitaxial thin films with Co-rich composition
Authors: Noro Shota , Ohtake Mitsuru , Kawai Tetsuroh , Futamoto Masaaki , Kirino Fumiyoshi , Inaba Nobuyuki 
Published: March 2022

Co75Fe25 (at. %) alloy films of 100 nm thickness are prepared on MgO(001) and (110) single-crystal substrates. A Co75Fe25(001)bcc single-crystal film is epitaxially grown on the MgO(001) substrate, whereas a Co75Fe25(211)bcc bi-crystalline film is formed on the MgO(110) substrate. The out-of-plane and in-plane lattice spacings of Co75Fe25 films are in agreement with the bulk values within small differences of less than 1%. The out-of-plane and in-plane orientation dispersions are smaller than 2°. These results show that well-defined Co75Fe25 epitaxial films consisting of single bcc phase are successfully obtained on both the MgO(001) and (110) substrates. The in-plane magnetic anisotropies of single- and bi-crystalline films are confirmed to be reflecting the magnetocrystalline anisotropy of Co75Fe25 crystal with the easy &lt;111&gt; and hard &lt;100&gt; axes and the demagnetization field. The magnetostriction coefficients, (λ100, λ111), of single- and bi-crystalline films are determined to be (+60×10–6, +150×10–6) and (+55×10–6, +185×10–6), respectively. The present study has shown that a Co-Fe alloy with Co-rich composition has positive moderately-large λ100 and fairly-large λ111 values.
Promoting seedling vigour and grain zinc accumulation in rice by priming seeds and foliar application with zinc and potassium fertiliser
Authors: Yamuangmorn Supapohn , Jumrus Suchada , Jamjod Sansanee , Prom-u-thai Chanakan 
Published: March 2022

Seed priming with zinc (Zn) and potassium (K) has been suggested to improve plant growth and productivity; however, the same effects have not yet been established when a simultaneous Zn+K solution is applied. This study aimed to determine the effects of priming seed and foliar application with Zn and K solution on seedling growth, yield, and grain Zn concentration in three rice varieties (SPT1, BL and KDK). The study consisted of three independent experiments. In Experiment 1, seed germination and seedling vigour were evaluated after priming rice seeds with a solution of 0.5% ZnSO4, in combination with various concentrations (1–4%) of K, compared with a control of no Zn and K. In Experiment 2, the selected concentrations of K solution combined with Zn (Zn0K0, Zn+K0, Zn0K+ and Zn+K+) were applied for each rice variety to evaluate seedling growth and development at 7 and 21 days. In Experiment 3, foliar application with the same solution as in Experiment 2 was used to evaluate its effect on yield and grain Zn accumulation. Seed priming with Zn combined with K at concentrations of 1%, 3% and 2% resulted in the maximum seedling growth traits in SPT1, BL and KDK respectively. Seed priming with a combination of Zn and K (Zn+K+) markedly increased the dry weight of 7-day-old seedlings, for about 14–15% in SPT1 and BL varieties compared with the unprimed seeds. Moreover, foliar application with Zn+K0 and Zn+K+ increased grain yield by 16–29% in the BL variety, whereas it increased grain Zn concentration in all rice varieties by 18–27% from the control treatment. This study concluded that priming rice seed with a combination of Zn and K can be used to improve seed germination and seedling growth, whereas increasing grain yield and grain Zn concentration requires an additional foliar Zn application.
Ancient and modern genomics of the Ohlone Indigenous population of California
Authors: Severson Alissa L. , Byrd Brian F. , Mallott Elizabeth K. , Owings Amanda C. , DeGiorgio Michael , de Flamingh Alida , Nijmeh Charlene , Arellano Monica V. , Leventhal Alan , Rosenberg Noah A. , Malhi Ripan S. 
Published: March 2022

Significance
California supports a high cultural and linguistic diversity of Indigenous peoples. In a partnership of researchers with the Muwekma Ohlone tribe, we studied genomes of eight present-day tribal members and 12 ancient individuals from two archaeological sites in the San Francisco Bay Area, spanning ∼2,000 y. We find that compared to genomes of Indigenous individuals from throughout the Americas, the 12 ancient individuals are most genetically similar to ancient individuals from Southern California, and that despite spanning a large time period, they share distinctive ancestry. This ancestry is also shared with present-day tribal members, providing evidence of genetic continuity between past and present Indigenous individuals in the region, in contrast to some popular reconstructions based on archaeological and linguistic information.
A global analysis of tree pests and emerging pest threats
Authors: Gougherty Andrew V. , Davies T. Jonathan 
Published: March 2022

SignificanceThe introduction of trees outside their native ranges has greatly expanded the potential ranges of their pathogens and insect pests, which risk spilling over and impacting native flora. However, we often lack a strong understanding of the host, climatic, and geographic factors that allow pests to establish outside their hosts’ native ranges. Using global datasets of pest occurrences and the native and nonnative ranges of tree hosts, we show there are strong generalizable trends controlling pest occurrences and can predict the occurrence of pests outside their hosts’ native ranges with >75% accuracy. Our modeling framework offers a powerful tool to identify future invasive pest species and the ecological mechanisms controlling the accumulation of pests outside their hosts’ native ranges.
A tethered ligand assay to probe SARS-CoV-2:ACE2 interactions
Authors: Bauer Magnus S. , Gruber Sophia , Hausch Adina , Gomes Priscila S. F. C. , Milles Lukas F. , Nicolaus Thomas , Schendel Leonard C. , Navajas Pilar López , Procko Erik , Lietha Daniel , Melo Marcelo C. R. , Bernardi Rafael C. , Gaub Hermann E. , Lipfert Jan 
Published: March 2022

Significance
In the dynamic environment of the airways, where SARS-CoV-2 infections are initiated by binding to human host receptor ACE2, mechanical stability of the viral attachment is a crucial fitness advantage. Using single-molecule force spectroscopy techniques, we mimic the effect of coughing and sneezing, thereby testing the force stability of SARS-CoV-2 RBD:ACE2 interaction under physiological conditions. Our results reveal a higher force stability of SARS-CoV-2 binding to ACE2 compared to SARS-CoV-1, causing a possible fitness advantage. Our assay is sensitive to blocking agents preventing RBD:ACE2 bond formation. It will thus provide a powerful approach to investigate the modes of action of neutralizing antibodies and other agents designed to block RBD binding to ACE2 that are currently developed as potential COVID-19 therapeutics.
Implicit data crimes: Machine learning bias arising from misuse of public data
Authors: Shimron Efrat , Tamir Jonathan I. , Wang Ke , Lustig Michael 
Published: March 2022

Significance
Public databases are an important resource for machine learning research, but their growing availability sometimes leads to “off-label” usage, where data published for one task are used for another. This work reveals that such off-label usage could lead to biased, overly optimistic results of machine-learning algorithms. The underlying cause is that public data are processed with hidden processing pipelines that alter the data features. Here we study three well-known algorithms developed for image reconstruction from magnetic resonance imaging measurements and show they could produce biased results with up to 48% artificial improvement when applied to public databases. We relate to the publication of such results as implicit “data crimes” to raise community awareness of this growing big data problem.
The photobiology of the human circadian clock
Authors: Schoonderwoerd Robin A. , de Rover Mischa , Janse Jan A. M. , Hirschler Lydiane , Willemse Channa R. , Scholten Leonie , Klop Ilse , van Berloo Sander , van Osch Matthias J. P. , Swaab Dick F. , Meijer Johanna H. 
Published: March 2022

Significance
The function of our biological clock is dependent on environmental light. Rodent studies have shown that there are multiple colors that affect the clock, but indirect measures in humans suggest blue light is key. We performed functional MRI studies in human subjects with unprecedented spatial resolution to investigate color sensitivity of our clock. Here, we show that narrowband blue, green, and orange light were all effective in changing neuronal activity of the clock. While the clock of nocturnal rodents is excited by light, the human clock responds with a decrease in neuronal activity as indicated by a negative BOLD response. The sensitivity of the clock to multiple colors should be integrated in light therapy aimed to strengthen our 24-h rhythms.
Signaling irony, displaying politeness, replacing words
Authors: Escouflaire Louis 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper aims to identify and define the different linguistic functions that emoji can carry in French and English computer-mediated discourse (CMD). Emoji are graphical icons, representing attitudes or concepts, that can be used on any smartphone or computer with a variety of communicative roles inside a conversation. Using a multimodal corpus containing 1200 emoji and the messages in which they were used, we tested an initial typology of emoji functions inspired by previous frameworks. The quantitative analysis of the data, along with the detailed examination of specific examples, led to the construction of a new, more refined typology consisting of three primary functions (expressive, interpretative and referential) and five secondary functions (relational, politeness, emphatic, structural and aesthetic).
Negotiating identities
Authors: Kroo Judit 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study examines processes through which social personae are conveyed by male Japanese students at a public university in Yokohama. Focusing on the frame-setting function of first person pronominals (FPPs) in contexts where there is no intra/inter speaker variation in the choice of FPP, this paper analyzes how speakers manage identity-associated discursive alignments related to a shared Okinawa prefecture background. The common experience of being from Okinawa prefecture and attending university far from home is the primary reason that these speakers are close friends. However, analysis reveals speakers’ continual and active contention and re-formulation of this shared ‘Okinawan-ness’ and the personae to which it is linked. In particular, FPPs are implicated in speakers’ discussion of heterogeneity and/or local differences with respect to their Okinawa prefecture background. Strategic use of FPPs thus emerges as a salient tactic for speakers’ active negotiation of conversation relevant personae categories even in interactional contexts without variation.
Performing right-wing political identities on reader comments pages
Authors: Breeze Ruth 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Recent discourse research has examined the rise of right-wing populism. Yet the predominant focus on political
parties and politicians means that we know less about how right-wing identities are performed among ordinary people with different
degrees of political engagement. This paper examines reader comments pages in three British newspapers, analysing how participants
perform, defend and reinforce their political identities in online fora. It traces how supporters of the far-right United Kingdom
Independence Party perform collective identities and enact political antagonisms. The conclusions emphasise how online media
particularly propitiate the blending of personal and societal discourses, and suggest that the internal dynamics of affordances
such as comments pages propel conflict escalation and heighten antagonism.