bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of repeated lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) on the mouse brain endocannabinoidome and gut microbiome
Authors: Inserra Antonio , Giorgini Giada , Lacroix Sebastien , Bertazzo Antonella , Choo Jocelyn , Markopolous Athanasios , Grant Emily , Abolghasemi Armita , De Gregorio Danilo , Flamand Nicolas , Rogers Geraint , Comai Stefano , Silvestri Cristoforo , Gobbi Gabriella , Di Marzo Vincenzo 
Published: November 2022

Background and PurposePsychedelics elicit prosocial, antidepressant and anxiolytic effects via neuroplasticity, neurotransmission and neuro‐immunomodulatory mechanisms. Whether psychedelics affect the brain endocannabinoid system and its extended version, the endocannabinoidome (eCBome) or the gut microbiome, remains unknown.Experimental ApproachAdult C57BL/6N male mice were administered lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) or saline for 7 days. Sociability was assessed in the direct social interaction and three chambers tests. Prefrontal cortex and hippocampal endocannabinoids, endocannabinoid‐like mediators and metabolites were quantified via high‐pressure liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS/MS). Neurotransmitter levels were assessed via HPLC‐UV/fluorescence. Gut microbiome changes were investigated by 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing.Key ResultsLSD increased social preference and novelty and decreased hippocampal levels of the N‐acylethanolamines N‐linoleoylethanolamine (LEA), anandamide (N‐arachidonoylethanolamine) and N‐docosahexaenoylethanolamine (DHEA); the monoacylglycerol 1/2‐docosahexaenoylglycerol (1/2‐DHG); the prostaglandins D2 (PGD2) and F2α (PGF2α); thromboxane 2 and kynurenine. Prefrontal eCBome mediator and metabolite levels were less affected by the treatment. LSD decreased Shannon alpha diversity of the gut microbiota, prevented the decrease in the Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio observed in saline‐treated mice and altered the relative abundance of the bacterial taxa Bifidobacterium, Ileibacterium, Dubosiella and Rikenellaceae RC9.Conclusions and ImplicationsThe prosocial effects elicited by repeated LSD administration are accompanied by alterations of hippocampal eCBome and kynurenine levels, and the composition of the gut microbiota. Modulation of the hippocampal eCBome and kynurenine pathway might represent a mechanism by which psychedelic compounds elicit prosocial effects and affect the gut microbiome.
Dental care utilization among persons with Parkinson's disease in Denmark
Authors: Baram Sara , Rosing Kasper , Bakke Merete , Karlsborg Merete , Øzhayat Esben Boeskov 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesPersons with Parkinson's disease (PD) have a higher prevalence of oral diseases and orofacial dysfunction, but knowledge about the use of dental care and whether their dental care needs are met is sparse. This study aimed to investigate the dental attendance and usage of dental care services of the total PD population in Denmark and compare it with a control group.MethodsNational registers were used to identify the total PD population in Denmark (n = 6874) and to obtain data on their dental care from 2015 to 2019. These data were compared with a five‐fold age‐, gender‐ and geographically matched control group without PD (n = 34 285). Register data on age, gender, civil status, educational level, income, nursing homes status and mortality were also collected and adjusted for in the analyses. The dental attendance was analysed using χ2‐test with Bonferroni correction, and the type of dental care services was analysed using negative binomial regression analysis.ResultsA significantly higher proportion of persons with PD were irregular attenders of the dental care system (21.0%), compared with the control group (16.9%). Persons with PD had a significantly higher overall usage of dental cares services. Most prominent was the high usage of treatment services, where persons with PD had a 1.50 times higher incidence rate of tooth extractions and a 1.71 times higher incidence rate of tooth fillings in the five years compared with the control group.ConclusionPersons with PD are more often irregular users of dental care and receive more treatment services than the control group. This indicates a need for high‐quality prophylactic initiatives to prevent high filling and tooth extraction rates. Furthermore, this knowledge can be used by clinicians and decision makers to ensure optimal dental care for persons with PD.
Heterogeneity of asthma with nasal polyposis phenotypes: A cluster analysis
Authors: Birs Isabelle , Boulay Marie‐Eve , Bertrand Mylène , Côté Andréanne , Boulet Louis‐Philippe 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) affects a significant number of asthmatic patients and is notably associated with a more difficult‐to‐control asthma and marked inflammation. We need more studies on this specific asthma phenotype and its possible subphenotypes, in order to better individualize treatments.AimThe aim of this study is to identify and characterize subphenotypes of asthma patients with CRSwNP using clinical, physiological and inflammatory variables.MethodsK‐means cluster analysis was performed on 17 clinical, physiological, and inflammatory variables from 1263 patients of all asthma severity and on a subpopulation of patients with asthma and CRSwNP. Study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT 03694847).ResultsOn the overall population, three groups were identified. Cluster T1 (n = 708) are young, have a short asthma duration and a low prevalence of CRSwNP. Cluster T2 (n = 263) have the longest asthma duration and Cluster T3 (n = 292) are older with the shortest asthma duration. Patients in Clusters T2 and T3 have similar prevalences of CRSwNP. On the subpopulation of asthma with CRSwNP, three clusters were also identified. Cluster S1 (n = 83) have mild‐to‐moderate asthma with normal lung function. Clusters S2 (N = 53) and S3 (N = 42) include patients with severe asthma and decreased lung function, but those in Cluster S2 have a longer asthma duration, whereas those Cluster S3 have late‐onset asthma.ConclusionsDespite coexistence of asthma and CRSwNP, not all patients have the same evolution of their asthma. Different phenotypes of asthma with CRSwNP can be identified and exploration of the characteristics of these subgroups could lead to a better individualized, targeted management.
Temporal changes in functional outcomes of stapled and hand‐sewn ileal pouch‐anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis
Authors: Fukui Risa , Nozawa Hiroaki , Sakamoto Akira , Sasaki Kazuhito , Murono Koji , Emoto Shigenobu , Ishihara Soichiro 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimLittle is known about how ileal pouch‐anal anastomosis (IPAA) influences anorectal manometric data. This study aimed to clarify temporal changes in anorectal manometric data and faecal incontinence in IPAA.MethodsWe examined 32 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) or familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) undergoing restorative proctocolectomy with stapled or hand‐sewn IPAA. Maximum resting pressure (MRP) and maximum squeezing pressure (MSP) were analysed before and 1–3, 6–9, and 12–24 months after IPAA. Cleveland Clinic Florida‐Faecal Incontinence Score (CCF‐FIS) was measured 6–9 and 12–24 months after IPAA.ResultsFourteen patients underwent stapled IPAA and 18 patients underwent hand‐sewn IPAA. MRP decreased 1–3 months after stapled IPAA (median: 42.3 mmHg vs. 60.0 mmHg at preoperative value, p = 0.039), but recovered afterwards. In hand‐sewn IPAA, the median MRP decreased to 29.5 mmHg at 1–3 months after IPAA (baseline: 64.8 mmHg, p < 0.0001), and remained unchanged thereafter. Stapled IPAA did not affect MSP; however, hand‐sewn IPAA caused a reduction in the median MSP from 191.3 mmHg to 141.3 mmHg at 1–3 months (p = 0.035), which gradually increased afterwards. The median CCFFIS was 5.5 points at 6–9 months and 2 points at 12–24 months after stapled IPAA. The score was high (11 points) at 6–9 months but decreased to 5 points at 12–24 months after hand‐sewn IPAA (p = 0.022).ConclusionWe present time trends in functional outcomes of IPAA. MRP showed a transient decrease after stapled IPAA, whereas it remained low after hand‐sewn IPAA. CCFFIS was high only at 6–9 months after hand‐sewn IPAA.
Determining the economic costs and benefits of conservation actions: A decision support framework
Authors: White Thomas B. , Petrovan Silviu O. , Booth Hollie , Correa Roberto J. , Gatt Yasmine , Martin Philip A. , Newell Helena , Worthington Thomas A. , Sutherland William J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe need for conservation action to be cost‐effective is widely accepted, resulting in increased interest and effort to assess effectiveness. Assessing the financial and economic costs of conservation is equally important for assessing cost‐effectiveness, yet their measurement and assessment are repeatedly identified as lacking. The healthcare sector, in contrast, has made substantial progress in identifying and including costs in decision‐making. Here, we consider what conservation can learn from this experience. We present a three‐step framework for identifying and recording the relevant economic costs and benefits of conservation interventions where the user (1) describes the costing context, (2) determines which types of cost and benefit to include, and (3) obtains values for these costs and benefits alongside metadata necessary for others to interpret the data. This framework is designed to help estimate economic costs but can also be used flexibly to record the direct costs of interventions (i.e., financial costs) and calculate financial and economic benefits. Although recording data on economic costs and benefits is deceptively complex, this framework facilitates improved recording, and indicates how collating this data could enhance the assessment of cost‐effectiveness across conservation contexts using a range of decision‐making tools.
Cardiovascular risk of urate‐lowering drugs: A study using the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan
Authors: Sawada Sono , Kajiyama Kazuhiro , Shida Haruka , Kimura Ryota , Nakazato Yuki , Iguchi Toyotaka , Oniyama Yukio , Ishiguro Chieko , Uyama Yoshiaki 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the present study, we aimed to investigate the association between urate‐lowering drugs and cardiovascular events, primarily focusing on the risk of febuxostat and topiroxostat when compared with allopurinol in Japan. We conducted an observational study with a cohort design using the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan, including new urate‐lowering drugs users between August 1, 2010, and March 31, 2018. Exposure and control groups were defined based on the first prescription of urate‐lowering drugs as follows: febuxostat or topiroxostat for exposure groups, allopurinol for the control group, and benzbromarone for the secondary control group. The primary outcome was cardiovascular events, defined as a composite of acute coronary syndrome, cerebral infarction, and cerebral hemorrhage. Hazard ratios were estimated using a Cox proportional hazards model. The number of patients in each exposure and control group was 1,357,671 in the febuxostat group, 83,683 in the topiroxostat group, 1,273,211 in the allopurinol group, and 258,786 in the benzbromarone group. The adjusted hazard ratios for the cardiovascular risk were 0.97 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.95–0.98) for febuxostat and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.78–0.90) for topiroxostat groups. The benzbromarone group exhibited similar results. No increased cardiovascular risk was observed with febuxostat or topiroxostat when compared with allopurinol in patients with hyperuricemia in Japan. These results provide real‐world evidence regarding the cardiovascular risk associated with urate‐lowering drugs, indicating that no additional safety‐related regulatory actions are warranted in Japan.
Superficial GLI1‐amplified mesenchymal neoplasms: Expanding the spectrum of an emerging entity which reaches the realm of dermatopathology
Authors: Machado Isidro , Hosler Gregory A. , Traves Victor , Claramunt Reyes , Sanmartín Onofre , Santonja Carlos , Carvajal Nerea , Zazo Sandra , Requena Luis , Alfonso Vicente Sanchis , Domenech Eloisa Villaverde , Llombart‐Bosch Antonio , Bridge Julia A. , Linos Konstantinos 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMesenchymal neoplasms with GLI1 alterations (rearrangements and/or amplification) have been reported recently in several anatomic locations, which include head and neck, soft tissue, and gastrointestinal tract. Herein, to the best of our knowledge, we describe the first three cases of superficial/subcutaneous mesenchymal neoplasm with GLI1 amplification. The neoplasms exhibited low‐grade cytologic features with predominant round cell morphology, glomangioma‐like areas and a rich background capillary network. There were two to three mitotic figures per 10 HPF and focal necrosis in one case. The tumors exhibited variable expression of CDK4, MDM2, STAT6, D2‐40, CD56 and cyclin D1. p16 had strong and diffuse nuclear and cytoplasmic expression in two cases. Numerous other stains were negative. Fluorescence in situ hybridization detected GLI1, DDIT3, and CDK4 coamplification in all cases, while next generation sequencing did not detect a GLI1 gene fusion. The overall features were compatible with a GLI1‐amplified mesenchymal neoplasm. In Case 1 a new distant skin lesion appeared 1 month after the surgery exhibiting similar morphology albeit with a higher mitotic index. In Cases 2 and 3, there is no evidence of local recurrence or systemic disease after 8 years and 1 month of follow‐up, respectively. These new cases of superficial GLI1‐amplified neoplasm expand its clinical spectrum and enter the realm of dermatopathology. The combination of CDK4, cyclin D1, D2‐40, and p16 expression with variable MDM2, STAT6, CD56, and S100 immunoreactivity in a low‐grade neoplasm with round/ovoid cytomorphology resembling a vascular or adnexal neoplasm may suggest the possibility of GLI1‐amplified neoplasm.
Adaptive behaviour in adolescents and adults with Dravet syndrome
Authors: Lo Barco Tommaso , Offredi Francesca , Castino Eva , Proietti Jacopo , Cossu Alberto , Fiorini Elena , Fontana Elena , Cantalupo Gaetano , Dalla Bernardina Bernardo , Darra Francesca 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimTo explore the feasibility of using an adaptive behaviour profile (ABP) assessment generated from a well‐known measure—the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Second Edition (VABS‐II)—as an instrument for outcome measures in adolescents and adults with Dravet syndrome.MethodWe administered the VABS‐II to 35 adolescents and adults with Dravet syndrome (15 males; mean age 24 years, SD 8 years, range: 12–46 years) and collected epilepsy history and neurological features at the time of assessment. We conducted a cross‐sectional analysis of VABS‐II raw scores and performed cluster analysis to identify different subgroups. We then explored possible relationships between clinical and epilepsy features, ABPs, and age.ResultsMost participants obtained the minimum standard scores in the various VABS‐II subdomains, while the raw score analysis outlined interindividual and intraindividual differences among skills. We found two subpopulations: one with a ‘lower’ ABP and one with a ‘higher’ ABP, corresponding respectively to individuals in whom myoclonic seizures or generalized spike‐and‐wave activity were present (‘complete phenotype’) or absent (‘incomplete phenotype’) on electroencephalography.InterpretationThis study further delineates the natural history of Dravet syndrome. The assessment of an ABP through the VABS‐II raw score analysis provides a means by which to illustrate profiles of adaptive behaviour in adolescents and adults with Dravet syndrome but shows limitations related to poor sensitivity in measuring fine clinical details. There is a need for new and more specific tools to monitor patients with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies.What this paper adds

Most adults with Dravet syndrome obtained the minimum standard scores in the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Second Edition (VABS‐II) subdomains.
The VABS‐II raw score analysis showed interindividual and intraindividual variability.
Individuals with myoclonic seizures and/or generalized spike‐and‐wave activity on electroencephalography showed a worse adaptive behaviour profile.
Traumatic dental injuries in high school athletes in the United States of America from 2005 to 2020
Authors: Azadani Ehsan N. , Peng Jin , Townsend Janice A. , Collins Christy L. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground/AimParticipation in sports activities is a source of dental injury. Despite recommendations for the use of mouthguards, athletes underutilize them. The aim of this study was to provide estimates of dental injuries, the mechanism of injuries and the utilization of mouthguards in high school sports.Materials and MethodsThis study was a secondary analysis of an existing dataset of a convenience sample of the National High School Sports‐Related Injury Surveillance Study. Data of athletic exposures, dental injuries, mouthguard usage, and mechanism of injury from the 2005/2006 to the 2019/2020 academic years were analyzed.ResultsDuring the study period, there were 459 dental injuries in 49,987,927 athletic exposures resulting in a dental injury rate of 0.9 per 100,000 athletic exposures (AE). Slightly more than half of the traumatic dental injuries were sustained during competition (n = 256; 55.8%) and the rest (n = 200; 43.6%) were sustained during practice. The rate of dental injury in competition was 3.6 times higher than the rate in practice (RR: 3.6, 95% CI: 3.0–4.4). Dental injuries comprised 0.4% of the total 108,574 injuries sustained by athletes. Among girls' sports, field hockey had the highest rate (3.5 per 100,000 AE) and among boys' sports, basketball (2.4 per 100,000 AE) had the highest rate of dental injury. The most common mechanism of injury was contact with another player (276; 60.4%) followed by contact with apparatus (146; 31.9%). In the majority of dental injuries (308; 75.1%), the athlete was not wearing a mouthguard when the dental injury was sustained.ConclusionsDental injuries were a small proportion of all injuries sustained by high school athletes. The majority of dental injuries were sustained when the athlete was not wearing a mouthguard.
Probing for depth‐gradient diversification in the riverine‐spawning Dolly Varden: Insights from a recently discovered ecomorph assemblage
Authors: Esin Evgeny V. , Melnik Nikolai O. , Pelgunova Lyubov A. , Markevich Grigorii N. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe interplay of species could affect the pathways of adaptive diversification in lacustrine fishes. For instance, sockeye salmon is highly effective in transporting biomass from the ocean to the lakes providing abundant food supply for resident dwellers. The largest Asian population of sockeye salmon (>1.5 million spawners annually) reproduces in Lake Kurile (Russia). Here we investigate the possibility of the rapid in‐lake diversification of the tributary‐spawning charr (genusSalvelinus, Salmonidae) that colonised the Lake Kurile habitats >100 m depth and gained access to decomposing sockeye carcasses and eggs. The results confirm the trifurcation of the Lake Kurile charr along with the depth gradient into three reproductively isolated morphs: anadromous Dolly Varden utilising littoral and tributary resources, the resident slope charr and the profundal charr. No feeding specialisation among the morphs was found as the lake is rich in sockeye remains irrespective of depth. Thus, the in‐depth specialisation of the charrs did not result in the archetypical tropho‐morphological adaptations described for the majority of the deep‐water species of fishes. Only the size reduction and some paedomorphic peculiarities characterise the charr permanently dwelling in the 100–300 m depth zone. The lack of morphological differences among the morphs could be explained by the short period of evolutionary diversification. The divergence event is estimated to have occurred after the close of the glacial period in the middle of Holocene, which corresponds to the time of the lake formation. A bottleneck and subsequent rapid expansion can be traced in the demographic history of the profundal morph, suggesting the possibility of modern sympatric diversification in fish without a trophic resource partitioning.
The location of intraparenchymal bleeding determines functional outcome after spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Lindner Anna , Kunst Stefan , Ianosi Bogdan‐Andrei , Rass Verena , Schiefecker Alois Josef , Kofler Mario , Limmert Victoria , Grams Astrid E. , Pfausler Bettina , Beer Ronny , Thomé Claudius , Helbok Raimund 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeNon‐traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating disease associated with high morbidity and mortality. A higher blood burden and the presence of intraparenchymal extension of the bleeding (intracerebral hemorrhage [ICH]) are well known predictors of poor outcome. Only few studies have addressed the role of hematoma location on patient's functional outcome. The main aims were to compare clinical and radiographic characteristics between SAH patients with and without ICH and to compare different ICH localizations in relation to long‐term functional outcome.MethodsWe prospectively collected data on 280 consecutive SAH patients (aneurysmal and non‐aneurysmal) admitted to a tertiary care hospital between 2010 and 2017 and assessed the initial computed tomography scans of the brain acquired after intensive care unit admission. Poor functional outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score >2, 3 months after SAH. We used multivariable logistic linear regression to investigate associations between ICH location and clinical variables as well as functional outcome.ResultsIntraparenchymal extension of the hemorrhage was observed in 59/280 patients (21%). The median (interquartile range) ICH volume was 11.3 (4.9–16.2) ml and the location was supratentorial in 55/59 patients (93%). Most parenchymal hemorrhages were located in the frontal (n = 24.41%) and temporal lobes (n = 12.21%), followed by insular ICH (n = 7.12%), corpus callosum (n = 6.10%), parietal (n = 2.3%) and occipital locations (n = 2.3%). Among SAH patients with ICH, those with lesions located in the corpus callosum (n = 6/59) had a significantly higher risk of 3‐month poor functional outcome in comparison to all other ICH locations, even after adjusting for Hunt and Hess grade and age (adjusted odds ratio [adjOR] 50.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3–2004.2, p = 0.034). These results remained robust when comparing the whole SAH cohort (adjOR 21.7, 95% CI 1.4–347.8, p = 0.030). ConclusionsIntraparenchymal bleeding in patients with non‐traumatic SAH, in particular that involving the corpus callosum, strongly predicts functional outcome.
Factors influencing sensitivity of a rapid influenza diagnostic test in a community‐based population of kindergarten through 12th‐grade students: Wisconsin 2015–2020
Authors: Bell Cristalyne , Birstler Jennifer , Goss Maureen D. , Temte Emily , Barlow Shari , Chen Guanhua , Uzicanin Amra , Temte Jonathan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs) have variable sensitivity. In a community‐based population of kindergarten through 12th‐grade (K‐12) students, we assessed factors that may influence RIDT performance using 2368 paired results from Sofia® influenza A + B fluorescent immunoassay and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). RIDT sensitivity and specificity were 76.1% (95% CI: 72.8–79.1) and 97.2% (96.2–97.9), respectively. Factors associated with sensitivity included runny nose (OR = 3.0, p < 0.001), nasal congestion (1.59, p = 0.045), days from symptom onset (per day; 0.75; p < 0.001), myalgia (0.61; p = 0.014), age (per 5 years; 0.55; p = 0.001), and detection of another virus (0.50; p = 0.043). Understanding these factors can aid in interpreting negative results.