bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective analysis of the outcomes of pulpotomies in traumatised permanent anterior teeth
Authors: Yu Lucy , Kahler Bill , Nanayakkara Shanika , Prabhu Neeta 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground/AimComplicated crown fractures are frequently encountered in the paediatric population and pulpotomy procedures (either partial or coronal) are recommended to maintain the pulp. The aim of this study was to determine the pulp outcomes of permanent teeth with complicated crown fractures treated with pulpotomy in a hospital‐setting and to identify potential factors which may influence the outcomes.Material and MethodsData for this retrospective study were extracted from dental records of patients with complicated crown fractures and treated with pulpotomies at a single centre between 1 January 2015 and 30 August 2019. Pulp outcomes were determined, and the associations between the outcome and independent variables were assessed using the Chi‐Square test of independence and the Point‐Biserial Correlation Test. Predictors of outcome were identified using the binary logistic regression model.ResultsThe overall success of pulpotomy in managing traumatised permanent teeth was 61%, which was lower than those previously reported. Pulp healing was seen in 54.1% and 73.7% of teeth treated with partial pulpotomies and coronal pulpotomies, respectively. The presence of a radiographically detectable dentine bridge (p < .01) and longer clinical experience of the clinician (p < .04) was significantly associated with successful outcomes. The history of pain and the stage of root development were identified as significant predictors of the outcome.ConclusionPulpotomy is a viable treatment modality for complicated crown fractures in the paediatric population. However, appropriate case selection and further training may be required to ensure improved pulp healing outcomes. A longer follow‐up period should be considered to identify late‐stage complications.
Serbia on the path to modern economic growth
Authors: Mijatović Boško , Zavadjil Milan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGiven the scanty and inadequate studies on Serbia's growth performance before the First World War, this paper presents production‐side GDP estimates for Serbia for six years between 1867 and 1910. It probes into the growth dynamics, assessing convergence with the more developed countries of north‐western Europe, as well as progress towards achieving modern economic growth. Although the economy showed some dynamism in terms of overall GDP, per capita GDP in pre‐First World War Serbia grew by only 0.28 per cent per annum, as much of the overall GDP growth was eroded by rapid population growth. Far from converging with north‐western Europe, Serbia continued to fall behind. Sluggish structural transformation and slow income per capita growth suggest that Serbia's transition to modern economic growth was in its infancy. Growth in the dominant agricultural sector was extensive, driven by expanding arable land and population growth. Land was affordable and easy to obtain; hence, peasants invested little in new technologies. Meanwhile, the modern industrial and service sectors were below a threshold that could sustain rapid growth. Nevertheless, this study also highlights the rapid expansion of a small modern sector and export diversification that reflected emergent ‘green shoots’ in 1905–10.
Playful designs: Multiliteracies and literariness in the beginning language classroom
Authors: Warner Chantelle 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOver the past two decades, many scholars and practitioners in foreign language teaching have advocated for multiliteracies approaches, which envision language learning as the development of an expanding repertoire of linguistic and other semiotic resources for making meaning. Despite the attention to the role of learners as active designers of meaning inherent in this framework, creative literacy activities such as literary language use and their potential role in language learning remain under‐theorized. Grounded in a study from two collegiate German as a foreign language classes, this article uses a meta‐language for conceptualizing creative literacy activities based on play to show students’ complex engagements with literary texts in a beginning language classroom. An analysis of learner compositions from the classes suggests that the playful stance afforded by literariness may enable learners with an opportunity to notice and tinker with elements of design that are often neglected and suggests preliminary connections between design play and the selection of texts and corresponding instructional activities.
The biome inventory – Standardizing global biogeographical land units
Authors: Fischer Jan‐Christopher , Walentowitz Anna , Beierkuhnlein Carl 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMotivationThe subdivision of the Earth's terrestrial surface into different biomes, ecozones, bio‐climatic realms or other large ecological land units is an essential reference for global biogeographical and ecological studies. Various classification schemes exist. These differ significantly in terms of the considered criteria for classification and the underlying methodology of class assignments. Evident divergences between global biome concepts are elusive, weakening hereon based analyses and assumptions. Compilation and standardization are essential for obtaining a framework that enables the comparison of different products. To address this need, we created a catalogue of standardized categorial biome maps comprising 31 different global products based on various methodological approaches. These products were processed individually to facilitate their use in large‐scale biogeographical and ecological analyses.Main types of variables containedWe provide a unified RasterStack containing 31 terrestrial biome and land‐cover classifications in different layers. Additional ancillary and processing information is allocated.Spatial location and grainGlobal, 10 km × 10 km grain size in equal‐area Mollweide projection.Major taxa and level of measurementBiomes, ecozones, bio‐climatic zones, and ecological land units.Software formatGeoTiff.
Effect of cryotherapy on paclitaxel‐induced peripheral neuropathy of the hand in female breast cancer patients: A prospective self‐controlled study
Authors: Yang Ting‐Ting , Pai Hsiang‐Chu , Chen Chiung‐Yao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsThe purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of cryotherapy with frozen gloves for the prevention of the chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy of the hand.BackgroundMost breast cancer patients receive chemotherapy; consequently, patients frequently experience adverse effects of chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy.MethodsA quasi‐experimental and prospective self‐controlled study was conducted. Breast cancer patients wore frozen glove on the dominant hand for 90 min during their weekly treatment with paclitaxel (80 mg/m2). Treatment of the dominant hand, the intervention group, was continued for 12 weeks. The non‐dominant hand was considered the control group.ResultsA total of 22 patients participated in this study, and only one patient did not reach the cumulative dose (960 mg/m2). Findings show that the incidences of sensory and motor symptoms of chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathies at the following times (Time 1 to Time 4) were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group. However, although the incidences of motor symptoms were lower in the experimental group than in the control group, a significant difference was shown only at Time 4. Additionally, both groups of patients reported that their incidence of sensory symptoms were higher than those of motor symptoms.ConclusionCryotherapy with frozen gloves is useful in reducing both the sensory and motor symptoms of the chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy of the hands.
Cross‐border regulatory enforcement and corporate voluntary disclosure
Authors: Tsang Albert , Xiang Yi , Yu Miao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this study, we find that foreign firms cross‐listed in the US issue significantly more and better‐quality management earnings forecasts after their home countries sign the Multilateral Memorandum of Understanding Concerning Consultation and Cooperation and the Exchange of Information (MMoU), a nonbinding arrangement established by the International Organization of Securities Commissions to enhance the cross‐border enforcement of securities laws. Specifically, we find that after the MMoU, relative to their domestic counterparts in the US, foreign firms cross‐listed in the US are not only more likely to issue management earnings forecasts but also issue them more frequently. They also tend to issue better‐quality earnings forecasts, as measured by lower surprise, higher precision, greater timeliness, more disaggregation, lower optimism and fewer errors. We find that the observed effects of the MMoU signing are stronger for cross‐listed firms from countries with weaker institutional environments, resulting in greater enforcement concerns after the MMoU, and for firms with less foreign institutional ownership before the MMoU. Collectively, our findings support the conjecture that after a US‐listed foreign firm's home country enters the MMoU, the firm has more incentives to engage in voluntary disclosure due to greater concerns about regulatory enforcement and increased information demand from investors.
Reprogramming barriers in bovine cells nuclear transfer revealed by single‐cell RNA‐seq analysis
Authors: Zhao Lixia , Long Chunshen , Zhao Gaoping , Su Jie , Ren Jie , Sun Wei , Wang Zixin , Zhang Jia , Liu Moning , Hao Chunxia , Li Hanshuang , Cao Guifang , Bao Siqin , Zuo Yongchun , Li Xihe 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMany progresses have recently been achieved in animal somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). However, embryos derived from SCNT rarely result in live births. Single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) can be used to investigate the development details of SCNT embryos. Here, bovine fibroblasts and three factors bovine iPSCs (3F biPSCs) were used as donors for bovine nuclear transfer, and the single blastomere transcriptome was analysed by scRNA‐seq. Compared to in vitro fertilization (IVF) embryos, SCNT embryos exhibited many defects. Abnormally expressed genes were found at each stage of embryos, which enriched in metabolism, and epigenetic modification. The DEGs of the adjacent stage in SCNT embryos did not follow the temporal expression pattern similar to that of IVF embryos. Particularly, SCNT 8‐cell stage embryos showed failures in some gene activation, including ZSCAN4, and defects in protein association networks which cored as POLR2K, GRO1, and ANKRD1. Some important signalling pathways also showed incomplete activation at SCNT zygote to morula stage. Interestingly, 3F biPSCNT embryos exhibited more dysregulated genes than SCNT embryos at zygote and 2‐cell stage, including genes in KDM family. Pseudotime analysis of 3F biPSCNT embryos showed the different developmental fate from SCNT and IVF embryos. These findings suggested partial reprogrammed 3F biPS cells as donors for bovine nuclear transfer hindered the reprogramming of nuclear transfer embryos. Our studies revealed the abnormal gene expression and pathway activation of SCNT embryos, which could increase our understanding of the development of SCNT embryos and give hints to improve the efficiency of nuclear transfer.
Mechanistic evidence and exercise interventions: Causal claims, extrapolation, and implementation
Authors: Levack‐Payne William 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRationaleExercise interventions and policies are widely prescribed in both sport and healthcare. Research investigating exercise interventions and policies is generally conducted using an Evidence‐Based framework, placing an emphasis on evidence gathered from randomised controlled trials (RCTs).Aims and objectivesTo explore the idea that, in addition to the assessment of evidence from RCTs when investigating exercise interventions, mechanistic studies ought to also be assessed and considered.MethodsThis article assesses the rationale supporting the use of RCTs as evidence for exercise interventions, and the use of evidence of mechanisms in establishing efficacy, determining external validity, and tailoring interventions.Results and conclusionsThe article argues that evidence from mechanistic studies ought to be considered alongside evidence from RCTs because: as RCTs investigating exercise interventions tend to be of low quality, mechanistic studies ought to be used to reinforce the evidence base; further, evidence from mechanistic studies is highly useful for both questions of extrapolation and implementation. This article argues for this on theoretical grounds, and also draws on a number of case studies.
Extraction of natural pigments from red sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) husk by ultrasound and microwave assisted extraction: A comparative study through response surface analysis
Authors: Shukla Sonali , Lohani Umesh C. , Shahi Navin Chandra , Dubey Ashutosh 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is an important source of bioactive compounds, such as the phenolic compounds. The phenolic compounds in sorghum grain are concentrated in its hull; however, its hull is usually being discarded as a waste. In this study, ultrasonication power intensity (916, 1018, and 1120 W/cm2), sonication time (20, 25, and 30 min), and particle size (100, 300 and 500 μm) for ultrasound assisted extraction and, microwave power (50, 60 and 70 W), microwave time (90, 105, and 120 s), and particle size (100, 300, and 500 μm) for microwave assisted extraction were investigated and optimized using Box–Behnken design. For ultrasound assisted extraction, optimized condition was found as 1078 W/cm2 power intensity, 23.6 min sonication time and 100 μm particle size, and corresponding values of responses were 8.55 mg LE/g dw total anthocyanin content, 779.0 mg GAE/g dw total phenolic content, 172.0 mg CE/g dw total flavonoid content, 70.0 and 73.4% antioxidant activity by DPPH and ABTS methods, respectively and 11.1 redness (a*). For microwave assisted extraction, optimized condition was found as 63 W power, 101 s time and 100 μm particle size, and the responses were 10.5 mg LE/g dw total anthocyanin content, 606.0 mg GAE/g dw total phenolic content, 195.0 mg CE/g dw total flavonoid content, 79.5 and 82.2% antioxidant activity by DPPH and ABTS methods, respectively and 13.6 redness (a*). For validation of model at optimum conditions, predicted values were insignificantly (p > .05) differ than actual values for all the responses for both ultrasound and microwave assisted extraction.Practical ApplicationsSorghum consists of a rare class of natural pigments (3‐deoxyanthocyanidins) in its husk. These natural pigments have antioxidant, anti‐proliferative activity, and thus, can be utilized as natural food colorant in food industry. Extraction and isolation of these natural pigments from sorghum husk are prerequisites for their application in food industry. In order to obtain an efficient extraction of sorghum anthocyanins, resulting in minimal degradation and high antioxidant capacity, the choice of the extraction method is important. This research provides information about standardization of novel extraction techniques (ultrasound and microwave assisted extraction) for effective utilization of sorghum husk for extraction of natural pigments, which can be utilized for application in various food products.
Modified laparoscopic high uterosacral ligament suspension for treatment of apical prolapse: A feasibility study
Authors: Wang Jing , Xu Xiaomin , Xu Jingui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of modified laparoscopic high uterosacral ligament suspension (LHUS) in women with apical prolapse who require uterine preservation.MethodsThis retrospective feasibility study analyzed the demographic characteristics, procedure, and 3‐year follow‐up data of 23 women who underwent modified LHUS at our institution. Outcome measures included clinical and anatomical cure. Patient satisfaction was measured by the Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI‐I). The improvement on quality of life was evaluated by pelvic floor distress inventory‐short form 20 (PFDI‐20).ResultsThe operation time was 50 ± 17 min, the blood loss was 100 ml (50–300 ml), and the postoperative hospital stay was 3.5 days (3–6 days). At a median follow‐up time of 4.3 years (3–6 years), the clinical cure rate was 91.6% and the anatomical cure rate was 87.0%. The values of Aa, Ba, C, and D points were significantly higher than those observed before operation (p < 0.05). According to PGI‐I, 20 patients were satisfied, and the overall subjective satisfaction rate was 87%. The scores of PFDI‐20 after operation were significantly lower than those recorded before operation (p < 0.05).ConclusionModified LHUS has the advantages of short operation time, fast postoperative recovery, low 3‐year recurrence rate, and high patient satisfaction in women with apical prolapse who require uterine preservation, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
Relationship between tongue pressure and handgrip strength: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Arakawa‐Kaneko Itsuka , Watarai Yuko , Schimmel Martin , Abou‐Ayash Samir 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesMuscle strength decreases with age, causing a decline in physical and oro‐facial function. However, the impact of physiological and pathophysiological factors on tongue pressure (TP) has not been clarified. The purpose of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to compare and analyse TP and handgrip strength (HGS) between individuals aged <60 and ≥60 years, gender and need for care (independent older adults (IC) and older adults receiving nursing care (NC)). Furthermore, the effect of HGS in physical function on TP was examined.MethodsHuman clinical studies reporting HGS and TP were searched systematically using PubMed and Ichushi‐Web published from 1969 to Nov 2021. Random‐effects meta‐regressions were performed to compare between subgroups and to examine the association between HGS and TP (α < .05).ResultsForty‐four studies with a total of 10 343 subjects were included. TP and HGS values were significantly higher in people aged <60 years relative to ≥60 years and in IC relative to NC (all p < .001). Regarding gender, there was no significant difference in TP (p = .370). However, a significant gender‐dependent difference in TP was observed in people aged <60 years (p < .001), but not in aged ≥60 years in IC group (p = .118) and aged ≥60 years in NC group (p = .895). There was a significant positive correlation of HGS and TP (p < .001).ConclusionsSimilar to decrease in HGS, age‐related sarcopaenia seems to have an effect on oro‐facial muscles like the tongue. Research on rehabilitation measures for oro‐facial muscle strength, similar to HGS might be beneficial to improve the personally acquired oro‐facial potential.
Language in the process of labour market rationalisation: A sociohistorical approach across twentieth‐century Spain
Authors: Alarcón Amado Alarcón , Muiños Villaverde Maria Jesús , Serrano Alonso Maria de los Ángeles , Heyman Josiah 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article analyses the role of linguistic skills in the process of defining professional classifications in Spain during 1919–1980. The aim is to determine the social evaluation of the skills involved. To retrace the classifications, a total of 114 official documents were examined, establishing a chronological division into three major stages: 1920–1940, 1940–1960 and 1960–1980. The first period (1920–1940) shows efforts toward the initial objectification of working conditions and salary scales, revealing social prejudices and tacit conventions shaping the employment hierarchy, while the second one (1940–1960) indicates the extent to which office work stood out over manual work. Finally, the third stage (1960–1980) shows processes of language rationalisation, which entailed attempts to standardise positions based on required skill sets.
Fishing for fish environmental DNA: Ecological applications, methodological considerations, surveying designs, and ways forward
Authors: Yao Meng , Zhang Shan , Lu Qi , Chen Xiaoyu , Zhang Si‐Yu , Kong Yueqiao , Zhao Jindong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractVast global declines of freshwater and marine fish diversity and population abundance pose serious threats to both ecosystem sustainability and human livelihoods. Environmental DNA (eDNA)‐based biomonitoring provides robust, efficient, and cost‐effective assessment of species occurrences and population trends in diverse aquatic environments. Thus, it holds great potential for improving conventional surveillance frameworks to facilitate fish conservation and fisheries management. However, the many technical considerations and rapid developments underway in the eDNA arena can overwhelm researchers and practitioners new to the field. Here, we systematically analysed 416 fish eDNA studies to summarize research trends in terms of investigated targets, research aims, and study systems, and reviewed the applications, rationales, methodological considerations, and limitations of eDNA methods with an emphasis on fish and fisheries research. We highlighted how eDNA technology may advance our knowledge of fish behaviour, species distributions, population genetics, community structures, and ecological interactions. We also synthesized the current knowledge of several important methodological concerns, including the qualitative and quantitative power eDNA has to recover fish biodiversity and abundance, and the spatial and temporal representations of eDNA with respect to its sources. To facilitate ecological applications implementing fish eDNA techniques, recent literature was summarized to generate guidelines for effective sampling in lentic, lotic, and marine habitats. Finally, we identified current gaps and limitations, and pointed out newly emerging research avenues for fish eDNA. As methodological optimization and standardization improve, eDNA technology should revolutionize fish monitoring and promote biodiversity conservation and fisheries management that transcends geographic and temporal boundaries.