bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Buckra: Whiteness and Porgy and Bess
Authors: West Kai 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Questions of race have been central to an understanding of George Gershwin’s Porgy and Bess (1935), yet the opera’s portrayal of whiteness remains an aspect hidden in plain sight. While focusing on a Black community living under Jim Crow segregation, the work also features five white characters—a Detective and two police officers, a Coroner, and a lawyer—whose actions affect the lives of the people of Catfish Row in three often overlooked sections of the opera. Through close readings of the score, literary antecedents, and recorded as well as live performances, this article examines the relational role that whiteness plays in the compositional architecture and production history of Porgy and Bess. To show how the opera’s complex social dynamics are embedded in its musical structure, I employ an interdisciplinary approach combining musicological analysis with critical race theory, which pinpoints racial formation as a key component of Gershwin’s score. The article’s central analysis of the score reveals nuanced portrayals of Jim Crow race relations, highlighted by both multilayered expressions of white supremacy and powerful moments of Black resistance. These nuances, however, depend on reading the opera in its complete state, yet the three Black/white exchanges are often heavily altered in performance. To further understand how staging these scenes can affect their meanings, I investigate several key productions from across the opera’s history. Concluding with the Metropolitan Opera’s 2019–20 production, I reflect that the depictions of police brutality, white supremacy, and Black resistance in Porgy and Bess are more painfully relevant today than ever before.
Impact of Anesthesia Method on Immune Response in Patients Undergoing Radical Surgery for Breast Cancer (a Meta-Analysis of Comparative Clinical Studies)
Authors: Likhvantsev V. V. , Landoni G. , Subbotin V. V. , Kadantseva K. K. , Zhukova L. A. , Yadgarov M. Ya. , Beletti A. , Novikov A. A. , Berikashvili L. B. , Kuzovlev A. N. 
Published: August 2022

Introduction and aim. Recent evidence suggests that inhalation anesthesia (IA) is associated with higher cancer mortality than total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA), possibly due to a modulation of the immune response.The aim of this study was to determine the impact of anesthesia techniques on selected parameters of patient immunity considering the evidence of relationship between the anesthesia methods and immune status and, consequently, the incidence of cancer recurrence.Methods. We performed a meta-analysis of clinical studies published in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases, aimed at assessing the impact of anesthesia on the postoperative immune status of patients undergoing breast cancer (BC) surgery. Five randomized and three observational studies were included (a total of 637 patients, of which 320 (50.2%) in the TIVA group). Data on leukocyte counts, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 9 and 3, interleukins (IL) 6 and 10 levels, and neutrophil-lymphocyte index (NLI) values were retrieved.Results. Patients after breast cancer surgery who underwent TIVA had significantly lower white blood cell counts (standardized mean difference (SMD)=–0.32; 95% CI: –0.58 to –0.06; I2=58%, P=0.020) and MMP-9 (SMD=–0.35; 95% CI: –0.67 to –0.03; P=0.030; I2=0%) in the postoperative period compared with patients receiving IA. No significant differences in the levels of MMP-3, IL-6, IL-10, and NLI values were found between the two groups.Conclusion. The patients who underwent breast cancer surgery under TIVA had lower blood leukocyte counts and levels of MMP-9, which is involved in the remodeling of extracellular matrix, compared with those operated on under IA, suggesting that the anesthesia method may have an impact on the immunity of breast cancer patients.
Correction of the Elevated Blood Pressure in Patients Undergoing Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Kazakov A. S. , Kolontarev K. B. , Gorelova E. S. , Grebenchikov O. A. 
Published: August 2022

The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of urapidil hydrochloride for the management of abnormal cardiovascular response in patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP).Material and methods. The total of 93 prostate cancer patients scheduled for elective RARP were included and randomized in two groups: urapidil (n=44) and standard anesthesia control group (n=49). Urapidil was used to control the elevated blood pressure intraoperatively. Central hemodynamic monitoring was performed at 5 steps of the surgery.Results. In the control group, the step 2 of the procedure was associated with elevated mean blood pressure (by 24.3%, P=0.045) and increased total peripheral vascular resistance (by 46.6%, P=0.011) compared with step 1, while in the urapidil group no significant changes in these parameters were found. In the urapidil group, the blood pressure was lower by 20.2% (P=0.047), afterload by 36.9% (P=0.02) vs the control group values, whereas the cardiac output was higher by 22.2% (P=0.043). Placing patient in the steep Trendelenburg position (step 3) resulted in a 22.4% increase in stroke volume (P=0.38) in the control group and a 19.2% increase in stroke volume (P=0.049) in the urapidil group compared with the previous step. Cardiac output in the urapidil group was higher by 34% (P=0.002) and blood pressure and vascular resistance were lower by 24.4% (P=0.031) and 45.7% (P=0.001), respectively, vs the control group. At steps 4 and 5, gradual stabilization of the hemodynamic parameters and peripheral vascular tone with significantly smaller differences between the groups were revealed.Conclusion. Urapidil was effective for maintaining central hemodynamic parameters in patients during robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy at step 2 of the procedure, avoiding blood pressure elevation at step 3 and significantly reducing the total peripheral vascular resistance compared with the control group.
Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity Syndrome (Review)
Authors: Tsentsiper L. M. , Terekhov I. S. , Shevelev O. A. , Petrova M. V. , Kondratiev A. N. 
Published: August 2022

Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) is one of the complications of acute severe brain injuries (traumatic brain injury, intracranial hemorrhage, ischemia, and posthypoxic conditions) in both adults and children. Its high incidence and severe sequelae including organ dysfunction, infectious complications, impaired blood supply to organs and tissues associate with increased disability and mortality. The choice of effective therapy can be challenging because of multifaceted manifestations, diagnostic diﬃculties, and lack of a clear understanding of the pathophysiology of PSH. Currently, there are various local and international treatment strategies for PSH.The aim of the review is to summarize clinical and scientific research data on diagnosis and treatment of PSH to aid in the selection of an effective therapy.Material and methods. Web of Science, Scopus and RSCI databases were employed to select 80 sources containing relevant clinical and research data on the subject of this review.Results. The key principles of diagnosis and treatment of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity have been reviewed. The current views on etiology and pathogenesis of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity development were outlined. The clinical data concerning complications and sequelae of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity were analyzed. We conclude the review with a discussion of current methods of the syndrome prevention.Conclusion. Preventing PSH and its adequate and prompt treatment could help avoid the abnormal pathway development following a severe brain injury, reduce its negative consequences and rate of complications, along with the duration of mechanical lung ventilation, patient's stay in ICU, disability and mortality rates. Careful selection of pathogenetic, symptomatic and supportive therapy significantly improves the rehabilitation potential of patients.
A new species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae) from The Central Andes of Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Rincón-González Milton , Santiago Ayala Elizabeth , Hágsater Eric 
Published: August 2022

The new species, Epidendrum sonsonense, was discovered while determining the herbarium specimens housed in the herbarium of Fundación Jardín Botánico Joaquin Antonio Uribe, JAUM. The species belongs to the informal Macrostachyum group and is endemic to the Paramo of Sonsón, Department of Antioquia, Colombia, characterized by the thickened stems, densely many-flowered raceme, and creamy-yellow flowers. A Lankester Composite Digital Plate (LCDP) of fresh material collected at the type locality is presented here. Studying additional collections at Colombian herbaria produced additional specimens of the same species.
A rendészeti felsőoktatás hallgatóinak dohányzási szokásai
Authors: Erdős Ákos 
Published: August 2022

Összefoglalás. Egyes korcsoportokban (pl. fiatal felnőttek) és
szakmákban (pl. rendőrök) az átlagosnál magasabb a dohányzók aránya. A tanulmány
célja a rendészeti felsőoktatási hallgatók dohányzási szokásainak és
nikotinfüggőségük súlyosságának vizsgálata. Keresztmetszeti, kérdőíves
vizsgálatot végeztünk az NKE RTK rendészeti hallgatói körében (n =
180). A nikotinfüggőség súlyosságát a Fagerström Nikotinfüggőségi
Teszttel (FTND) és a Dohányzás Súlyossága Indexszel (DSI) vizsgáltuk. A
válaszadók körében 81,1% a dohányzás életprevalenciája, 24,4% jelenleg dohányzó,
14,4% naponta dohányzik. Az FTND alapján a naponta dohányzók 96,1% enyhe/nagyon
enyhe nikotinfüggő, míg a DSI alapján 73,1%-nak alacsony a nikotinfüggősége. A
rendészeti felsőoktatás hallgatóinak dohányzása nem elhanyagolható probléma,
ráadásul jelentős közegészségügyi és biztonsági aspektusai is vannak.
Summary. In some age groups (e.g. students) and professions (e.g.
police officers), the proportion of smokers is higher than in the general
population. The aim of this study is to assess the smoking habits and heaviness
of nicotine dependence of Hungarian law enforcement students. A cross-sectional,
web-based survey was conducted among law enforcement students at the Faculty of
Law Enforcement of the University of Public Service (n = 180). The heaviness of
nicotine dependence was measured by the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence
(FTND) and the Heaviness of Smoking Index (HSI). Respondents reported 81.1%
lifetime prevalence of smoking, 24.4% were current smokers, and 14.4% were daily
smokers. Based on the FTND, 96.1% of daily smokers had low/very low nicotine
dependence, while based on the HSI, 73.1% of daily smokers had low nicotine
dependence. Smoking among law enforcement students is not a negligible problem,
and it also has significant public health and security aspects.
Surgical excision of lobular capillary hemangioma with laser under N2O/O2 conscious inhalational sedation in an uncooperative pediatric patient, Frankl class 2: a case report
Authors: M. M. Chengappa D. , Ray Saugat , Kumar Andrews Navin , Kaul Rahul , Mehta Sandeep , Paul Benjith 
Published: August 2022

<p>Here, we report a case of lobular capillary hemangioma (LCH) associated deleterious oral habit on lateral border of the tongue in an anxious child excised under nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) sedation using soft tissue diode laser. LCH are rapidly growing vascular lesions and are common occurrence over tongue, but to be associated with deleterious oral habit is an uncommon occurrence. A 9-year-old female child was brought to the dept by her parent due growth on the tongue. The child was quite anxious and displayed negativity towards examination and treatment. The child was classified as Frankl 2 on the behaviour rating scale. A pre-anaesthetic check-up was carried out on the child as it was envisaged to carry out the treatment under inhalational sedation. The anaesthesiologist along with crash cart were present throughout the procedure to cater to any adverse events. The excision was done with 980-nm soft tissue diode LASER to reduce intraoperative haemorrhage, enhance patient comfort and improve postoperative healing. A novel combination of inhalational sedation with soft tissue diode LASER with all necessary precautionary protocols as used in management of this child may be an useful approach for successful and uneventful management. To highlight the importance of proper use of pharmacologic methods in behaviour management as well as surgical techniques for better management of these vascular lesions in children.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>
Topical sirolimus for the treatment of facial angiofibromas in tuberous sclerosis patient: a case report
Authors: Bhardwaj Ankit , Manjhi Mukesh 
Published: August 2022

<p class="abstract">Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal-dominant neurocutaneous disorder seen in 1/6000 births. Facial angiofibroma is the most common cosmetic disfiguring cutaneous manifestation of it. Therapeutic modalities include cryotherapy, podophyllotoxin application, electrocoagulation, surgery and laser therapy associated with their own high risk of complications and sequelae. Sirolimus is a lipophilic lactone isolated from <em>Streptomyces hygroscopicus</em> (soil bacteria), found to have anti-T-cell properties and classifies as an anticancer drug from the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors. Sirolimus binds with mTOR and causes inhibition of mTOR activity and VEGF‑stimulated endothelial cell proliferation. Topical preparation produced by crushing tablets of sirolimus 1 mcg and mixing in an aqueous base emollient or the solution form of sirolimus has been used with beneficial effects in the treatment of angiofibroma, especially in younger patients. Here we reported a case of a 34-year-old male, a known case of TSC with facial angiofibroma in which the topical 0.1% sirolimus had been used with beneficial effects and clinical outcomes.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Discorso figurato e pandemia : una focalizzazione sulla metafora del PERCORSO
Authors: Di Pace Lucia , Pannain Rossella 
Published: August 2022

Wśród językowych skutków pandemii są strategie dyskursu stosowane przez mówców należących do różnych grup socjolingwistycznych w różnych kontekstach komunikacyjnych. W szczególności badanie podkreśla powszechne stosowanie w języku włoskim figuratywnego języka, mającego na celu przedstawienie w skuteczny i poznawczo możliwy do opanowania sposób dramatycznej nowości zjawiska i wyjątkowości proponowanych środków (zazwyczaj ze strony instytucji, polityków i prasy) oraz wyrażenie wyjątkowego i emocjonalnie naładowanego charakteru nowego doświadczenia (zazwyczaj, ze strony zwykłego mówcy). Wśród różnych możliwych domen źródłowych badanie koncentruje się na podróży, która wydaje się być pomijana w literaturze, chociaż stanowi, pod względem językowym, podstawowe źródło reprezentacji kilku aspektów ludzkiego doświadczenia.
Covid-19 anksiyete sıklığında sosyal medya bağımlılığının rolü nedir? Kesitsel bir çalışma.
Authors: EGREN Ali , MERCAN BAŞPINAR Melike , BASAT Okcan 
Published: August 2022

Amaç: Pandemi sürecinde gerek iletişim gerek bilgilenme amacı ile sosyal medya maruziyeti artmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı koronavirüs anksiyetesi ile sosyal medya bağımlılığı arasındaki ilişkiyi saptamaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Tek merkezli, kesitsel tipte olan araştırmaya Gaziosmanpaşa Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Aile Hekimliği Polikliniği’ne 15 Eylül 2020- 15 Ekim 2020 tarihleri arasında başvuran 297 hasta alındı. Katılımcılara Koronavirüs Anksiyete Ölçeği (KAÖ) kısa formu, Hasta Sağlık Anketi-9 (PHQ-9), Bergen Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı Ölçeği (BSMBÖ) uygulandı. Elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel analizleri için IBM SPSS Statistics 22 (IBM SPSS, Türkiye) programı kullanıldı. Anlamlılık p≤0,05 düzeyinde değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Ortalama yaşı 37,30±13,86 yıl ve %66 ‘ı (n:196) kadın, %34’ü (n:101) erkek olan 297 hastanın %11,8’inde (n= 35) koronavirus anksiyetesi, %23,2’sinde (n= 69) olası depresyon ve %9,1’inde (n= 27) sosyal medya bağımlılığı izlenmiştir. KAÖ puanı ortalaması 3,06±3,71, PHQ-9 puanı ortalaması 5,13±5,87, BSMBÖ puanı ortalaması 11,15±4,99 saptanmıştır. PHQ-9 puanının sırasıyla KAÖ (p= 0,043; r= 0,118) ve BSMBÖ (p= 0,004; r= 0,166) puanı arttıkça arttığı gözlenmiştir. KAÖ ile BSMBÖ puanları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki gözlenmemiştir (p= 0,525; r= -0,037). Düşük eğitim düzeyinin (ilkokul / ortaokul) KAÖ puanı üzerine 2,7 kat risk arttırıcı (OR= 2,691; C.I.= 1,300-5,571; p= 0,008) etkisi olduğu bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Koronavirus anksiyetesi görülenlerle görülmeyenlerin sosyal medya bağımlılık sıklığının benzer olması, medya kaynaklı artan bilgi maruziyetinde korkulduğu gibi koronavirus anksiyetesinin artmayabileceğini, eğitim düzeyinin asıl risk faktörü olduğunu göstermiştir.
Work-related factors affecting the thyroid hormone levels among workers in different sectors
Authors: KURTUL Seher , TÜRK Meral 
Published: August 2022

Aim: This study purposed to evaluate thyroid hormone levels and work-related factors in workers.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was perfomed at 475 workers who applied to the outpatient clinic of occupational diseases between November 2015-February 2020. Sociodemographic variables, work-related factors and laboratory records were retrospectively evaluated. Student’s t-test was performed to compare mean values. Multiple linear regression analysis was used, including independent variables that were found to be statistically significantly related in binary analysis of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) value.
Results: Of the 475 participants, 433 (91.2%) were male and 173 (36.4%) worked night shifts, 293 (61.7%) were exposed to silica dust, 23 (4.8%) to plastic fumes, and 80 (16.8%) to solvent. Study participants who were over 40 years of age, night shift workers, and workers with exposure to silica dust had significantly lower TSH values (p=0.026, p=0.023, p=0.002, respectively); male workers, workers under 40 years of age, and workers with body mass index (BMI)
Laparoskopik sleeve gastrektomide stapler hattı uzunluğu erken dönem kilo kaybında etkili bir faktör olabilir mi?
Authors: LAPSEKİLİ Emin , ALAKUŞ Ümit 
Published: August 2022

Giriş
Günümüzde, morbid obezite tedavisinde çeşitli cerrahi teknikler arasında en sık tercih edilen yöntem “Laparoskopik sleeve gastrektomi” (LSG)’dir. LSG cerrahi teknik olarak iyi tanımlanmış olsa da, uygulamada bazı küçük farklılıkların postoperatif erken ve uzun dönem sonuçlar üzerinde etkili olduğu değerlendirilmektedir. Bunlarla ilgili yayımlanmış çok sayıda makale mevcuttur. Özellikle, çıkarılan midenin hacmi ve boyutu gibi ameliyat sonrası kilo verme düzeylerine etki edebileceği değerlendirilen konularla ilgili çalışmalar günümüzde de yayınlanmaya devam edilmektedir. LSG’de mide transeksiyon hattının uzunluğu hem çıkarılan mide volümü, hem de kilo kaybı üzerinde daha etkili olduğu değerlendirilen kalan mide volümü ile direkt ilişkili olup literatürde bu konuda bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Bu çalışmada LSG uygulanan hastalarda stapler hattının uzunluğu ile 6. Ay kilo kaybının birbiri ile ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve yöntemler
Ocak 2018 ile Aralık 2020 tarihleri arasında LSG uygulanan ardışık 91 hastanın dosyası retrospektif olarak analiz edildi. Çıkarılan mide materyalinin patolojik incelemesinde ölçülen stapler hattı uzunlukları kaydedildi. Hastaların ameliyat sonrası 6. aydaki kilo kaybı oranı (%) ile ölçülen stapler hattı arasındaki ilişki değerlendirildi.
Sonuçlar
Büyük çoğunluğu kadın olan (n = 71, %78) hastaların yaş ortalaması 43,1 ± 13,2 idi. Ortalama preoperatif vücut ağırlıkları 128,4 ± 16,7 kg; vücut kitle indeksleri (VKİ) ise 46,7 ± 8,4 kg/m2 olarak belirlendi. Stapler hattı uzunluğu 20,8 ± 4,1 cm olarak ölçüldü. Postoperatif 6. ayda ölçülen kilo değerleri ortalaması 94,3 ± 14,1 kg olarak belirlenen hastaların 6. ayda ölçülen kilo değişimleri %26,4 ± %6,9 olarak hesaplandı. Stapler hattı ile 6 ay kilo değişimi arasında negatif yönde zayıf ancak istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu gösterildi (r = -0,252; p = 0,016).
Tartışma
LSG yapılan hastalarda erken dönem kilo kaybına etki eden birçok faktör olmakla beraber teknik detayların etkisi oldukça fazladır. Literatürde çıkarılan mide hacmiyle ilgili birçok çalışma olmasında rağmen, stapler hattı ile ilgili çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışma, daha kısa stapler hattı uzunluğunun ameliyatın erken döneminde daha fazla kilo kaybı ile ilişkili olabileceği sonucunu bulmuş; bu durum ise kısa stapler hattı sağlanması için pilor ve gastroözofageal bileşkeye yaklaşılması gerekliliği ve düşük bir rezidü volüm bırakılması ile ilişkilendirilmiştir.
What is the evidence on climate mitigation policies, and to what extent can it be identified and classified using Machine Learning? A machine-learning-assisted systematic map protocol
Authors: Callaghan Max , Vasudevan Shraddha , Banisch Lucy , Doebbeling Niklas , Edmondson Duncan , Flachsland Christian , Lamb William F. , Levi Sebastian , Müller-Hansen Finn , Posada Eduardo , Minx Jan Christoph 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundWith the Paris agreement in 2015, the international community set ambitious goals for limiting climate warming and adapting to the impacts of climate change. However, despite the increasing ambition of long-term targets, and progress on adaptation planning, current policies are insufficient to limit warming to safe levels or to adapt to climate impacts on the required scale. Climate policy is multifaceted, multisectoral and will require many different types of policy instruments. The scientific literature on climate change is rapidly expanding and contains a wealth of research on climate policies. Gaining an overview of climate policy research is therefore vital, but beyond the scope of traditional, hand-coded systematic maps.MethodsThis study aims to identify the literature on climate policies from a set of hundreds of thousands of studies on climate change. The studies will be classified according to the type of policy instrument discussed. Due to the scale of literature, only a sample of studies will be screened manually. Inclusion/exclusion, as well as policy and other labels, will be estimated using machine learning for the remaining studies. The map will report the numbers of papers on each policy type from each region and each sector, as well as the extent to which machine-learning is able to classify policy instruments correctly.
Lift-off effect of Koch and circular differential pickup eddy current probes
Authors: Chen Guolong , Cao Zheng , Zhang Shuaishuai , Wei Ji , Gao Wei , Jin Wuyin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Flexible or planar eddy current probe with differential structure can suppress the lift-off noise during the inspection of defects. However, the influence extent of lift-off effect on differential probes including different coil structures is various. This work proposed a planar Koch and circular probe with the differential pickup structure and the same size. The [[EQUATION]] of the signals output from the two probes are compared under different lift-off distances via finite analysis and experimental methods. In addition, the influence of different frequencies on the lift-off effect is studied by experiment. The result shows that the signal [[EQUATION]] of the Koch probe for the inspection of the crack in 90 ° orientation is larger than that of the circular probe when the lift-off distance is comparatively small, and the influence of the lift-off distance on the signal [[EQUATION]] of the two probes become more obvious with the increase of the excitation frequency.