bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes after liver transplantation in MPV17 deficiency (Navajo neurohepatopathy): A single‐center case series
Authors: Huang Alice C. , Ebel Noelle H. , Romero Danielle , Martin Brock , Jhun Iny , Brown Megan , Enns Gregory M. , Esquivel Carlos , Bonham Clark 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundMPV17‐related mitochondrial DNA maintenance defect (MPV17 deficiency) is a rare, autosomal recessive mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome with a high mortality rate in infancy and early childhood due to progression to liver failure. Liver transplantation for children with MPV17 deficiency has been considered controversial due to uncertainty about the potential progression of extrahepatic manifestations following liver transplantation.MethodsWe describe our institution's experience for two infants diagnosed with infantile MPV17 deficiency who presented in acute on chronic liver failure, but with normal development and normal neurological status who successfully underwent liver transplantation.ResultsBoth patients underwent successful liver transplantation with normal development and neurological status at 3 years and 16 months post‐transplant, respectively.ConclusionsIn this rare disease population, we describe two infants with MPV17 deficiency who underwent liver transplantation for acute on chronic liver failure who continue to have normal development, without progression of neurological disease. MPV17 deficiency should not be considered a contraindication to liver transplantation.
Alteration of plant species mixtures by virus infection: Managed pastures the forgotten dimension
Authors: Jones Roger A. C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWhat occurs when virus infection is spreading within a mixed plant species population? This question is important not only for economically significant, mixed species managed systems but also for environmentally significant mixed wild species populations. It received attention in recently published ecological studies on wild plant species, but these, and recent general pasture research publications, rarely mention earlier virus studies involving mixed species managed pasture. This review seeks to rectify that situation. It describes 10 diverse examples of past research on mixed species managed pasture done over two decades on three continents that demonstrated plant species balance changes arising from virus infection. These examples showed that plants belonging to susceptible pasture cultivars sensitive to systemic virus infection are sufficiently weakened that their ability to withstand competition from nonhost plants of other pasture species, or weed species, was diminished sufficiently to alter the plant species balance. Also, a similar alteration occurred when they were competing with virus‐resistant or virus‐tolerant host plants of the same or other pasture species, or a virus‐resistant weed species. Such competition also diminished seed production, which decreased their ability to regenerate. Notably, as reported subsequently with wild plant species populations, when two different pasture species infected by the same virus compete with each other, growth of the more sensitive species is suppressed. Because managed mixed species pastures constitute an important component of regenerative agriculture, retaining an optimal balance of pasture species and delaying pasture decline from weed invasion both require effective management of virus diseases.
An unusual complication of prolonged tunneled cuffed hemodialysis catheter
Authors: Kang Seok Hui , Kim A. Young , Do Jun Young 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA 57‐year‐old male patient visited our center owing to abnormal tunneled cuffed hemodialysis catheter (TC‐HDC). He had been undergoing hemodialysis for 44 months. Hemodialysis was performed using a TC‐HDC, which became dilatated between the hub and exit site 19 months after the initiation of hemodialysis. The first TC‐HDC was exchanged using over the guidewire method. The second TC‐HDC was maintained for 25 months after catheter exchange. However, the second TC‐HDC was repeatedly dilatated 25 months later from the first catheter exchange. We re‐exchanged the dilatated TC‐HDC to the new TC‐HDC using over the guidewire method. Our case presented general dilatation of both lumens without leakage. The portion of catheter dilatation was limited between the hub and exit site. The embedded segment of the catheter was preserved owing to encasement of the adjacent tissue. Our case showed that clinicians should inspect both exposed and embedded segments to prevent further catheter injury and exchange the catheter before the development of complications.
Statistical inference for Cox proportional hazards models with a diverging number of covariates
Authors: Xia Lu , Nan Bin , Li Yi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFor statistical inference on regression models with a diverging number of covariates, the existing literature typically makes sparsity assumptions on the inverse of the Fisher information matrix. Such assumptions, however, are often violated under Cox proportion hazards models, leading to biased estimates with under‐coverage confidence intervals. We propose a modified debiased lasso method, which solves a series of quadratic programming problems to approximate the inverse information matrix without posing sparse matrix assumptions. We establish asymptotic results for the estimated regression coefficients when the dimension of covariates diverges with the sample size. As demonstrated by extensive simulations, our proposed method provides consistent estimates and confidence intervals with nominal coverage probabilities. The utility of the method is further demonstrated by assessing the effects of genetic markers on patients' overall survival with the Boston Lung Cancer Survival Cohort, a large‐scale epidemiology study investigating mechanisms underlying the lung cancer.
What would it take to convince you to donate? A survey study of the relationship between motivators, barriers, and payment for whole blood, plasma, and platelet donation
Authors: France Christopher R. , France Janis L. , Himawan Lina K. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundWith growing discussion about blood donor remuneration, the present study examined the level of payment that may be required to convince individuals to engage in whole blood, plasma, and platelet donations.Study Design and MethodsAnonymous online surveys were completed by a college sample [n = 490; 76.9% female; Mean Age = 20.3 (SD = 4.9) years; 32.9% whole blood donors] and a ResearchMatch sample [n = 323; 70.6% female; Mean Age = 50.7 (SD = 16.6) years; 82.7% whole blood donors]. Level of payment needed to motivate whole blood, plasma, and platelet donation was examined as a function of donation history, sample, and gender. In addition, path analyses examined associations between donation motivators, barriers, and payment level.ResultsAcross all types of donation, history of whole blood donation was related to a greater willingness to donate without payment. At the same time, however, sizeable portions of prior donors indicated that monetary payment would convince them to donate whole blood (24%), plasma (51%), or platelets (57%). Across all types of donation, donation‐related barriers (i.e., anxiety, fear) were indirectly related to higher payment levels via lower self‐efficacy and more negative donation attitudes. Donation‐related motivators (i.e., warm glow, regret, and altruism) were indirectly related to lower payment levels via higher self‐efficacy and more positive donation attitudes.ConclusionDespite reporting a strong commitment to nonremunerated blood donation, many respondents with and without a history of blood donation indicated that money would convince them to engage in whole blood, plasma, and platelet donation.
Assessment of Performance Boundaries and Operability of Low Specific Thrust GUHBPR Engines for EIS2025
Authors: Mo Da , Roumeliotis Ioannis , Mourouzidis Christos , Kissoon Sajal , Liu Yixiong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper aims to develop a robust design process by approaching the performance boundaries and evaluating the operability of the pursued geared turbofan (GTF) engine with low specific thrust for entry-into-service (EIS) 2025. A two-spool direct-drive turbofan (DDTF) engine of EIS 2000 was improved according to aircraft specifications and technology boundaries in 2025. A series of optimized engines with consecutive fan diameters were established to seek the ideal engine by balancing specific fuel consumption (SFC), weight, and mission fuel burn. The fan diameter was proved to be a decisive factor for lowering SFC and energy usage. The cycle design optimization process achieved a thermal efficiency of approximately 52%, and a propulsive efficiency of 79.5%, which is 8.19% increase in propulsive efficiency by enlarging fan diameter from 1.6 m to 1.9 m. Meanwhile, the 1.9 m-fan diameter engine achieved a reduction in SFC and fuel burn of 7.47% and 6.58%, respectively, which offers an overall reduction of 30.82% in block fuel burnt and CO2 emission compared to the DDTF engine. A feasibility check verified the viability of the designed optimum engine in terms of fan tip speed, stage loading, and AN2. Dynamic simulation offered a deep understanding of transient behavior and fundamental mechanism of the GTF engine. An important aspect of this paper is the use of advanced ceramic matrix composite (CMC) materials, which led to an improvement of 4.92% in block fuel burn and 2.93% in engine weight.
Development of a Strain-Based Model to Predict Eviscerated Thoracic Response From Dynamic Individual Rib Tests
Authors: Sreedhar Akshara , Agnew Amanda M. , Bolte John H. , Murach Michelle , Ramachandra Rakshit , Kang Yun-Seok 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop an analytical model using strain–force relationships from individual rib and eviscerated thorax impacts to predict bony thoracic response. Experimental eviscerated thorax forces were assumed to have two distinct responses: an initial inertial response and subsequently, the main response. A second-order mass-spring-damper model was used to characterize the initial inertial response of eviscerated thorax force using impactor kinematics. For the main response, equivalent strains in rib levels 4–7 were mapped at each time point and a strain-based summed force model was constructed using individual rib tests and the same ribs in the eviscerated thorax test. A piecewise approach was developed to join the two components of the curve and solve for mass, damping, stiffness parameters in the initial response, transition point, and scale factor of the strain-based summed force model. The final piecewise model was compared to the overall experimental eviscerated thorax forces for each postmortem human subjects (PMHS) (n = 5) and resulted in R2 values of 0.87–0.96. A bootstrapping approach was utilized to validate the model. Final model predictions for the validation subjects were compared with the corridors constructed for the eviscerated thorax tests. Biofidelity ranking system score (BRSS) values were approximately 0.71 indicating that this approach can predict eviscerated responses within one standard deviation from the mean response. This model can be expanded to other tissue states by quantifying soft tissue and visceral contributions, therefore successfully establishing a link between individual rib tests and whole thoracic response.
Bubble Behavior and Its Effect on Surface Integrity in Laser-Induced Plasma Micro-Machining Silicon Wafer
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Zhang Yi , Liu Denghua , Zhang Yanming , Zhao Jiaquan , Zhang Guojun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Laser-induced plasma micro-machining (LIPMM) process does well in fabricating high-quality surface microstructures of hard and brittle materials. However, the liquid medium is overheated to induce lots of bubbles to defocus the laser beam, reducing machining stability, and explosive behavior of bubbles destroys the surface quality. Thus, the static and dynamical behaviors of bubbles in LIPMM are comprehensively investigated in this article. First, a series of mechanisms including bubble generation and growth, bubble motion and explosion, and the effect of bubbles behavior on machining characteristics were explained. Second, a volume of fluid (VOF) model of bubble motions in laser-induced plasma micro-machining was established to simulate the dynamical behavior of bubbles under different depths of water layer, which reflect the growth of microbubbles, the aggregation of multiple bubbles, and the floating movement of bubbles. Then, a series of experiments were carried out to reveal bubble static behaviors, and further bubble explosion behaviors on surface integrity, surface defects, and hardness were analyzed. The increase of laser frequency leads to the increase of the maximum attached bubble size. Obstructed by bubble dynamical behaviors, a discontinuous section and the unablated area are observed in the microchannel. The elastic modulus and surface hardness of surface impacted by explosion bubbles are reduced. This research contributes to better understanding bubble behavior related to machining performances in LIPMM of single-crystal silicon.
How to Quickly Evaluate the Thermodynamic Performance and Identify the Optimal Heat Source Temperature for Organic Rankine Cycles?
Authors: Yan Dong , Yang Fubin , Zhang Hongguang , Xu Yonghong , Wang Yan , Li Jian , Ge Zhong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is a promising technology to convert low- and medium-temperature energy into power. Identifying the optimal working fluids and heat source temperature are always the focuses in the ORC field. This paper presents a new methodology to evaluate the thermodynamic performance of ORC with different working fluids and identify the optimal heat source temperature. Initially, the parameterization model is developed to characterize the working fluids by thermodynamic property parameters including critical temperature (Tc), critical pressure (pc), acentric factor (ω), and ideal gas isobaric heat capacity (cp0). Subsequently, the simultaneous optimization of thermodynamic property parameters and cycle parameters is conducted to obtain the thermodynamic performance limits of simple and regenerative ORCs at six typical geothermal heat source temperatures. By comparing the thermodynamic performance limits of ORC under different heat source temperatures, the optimal heat source temperature is identified. Then, ten commonly used working fluids are selected as reference working fluids, and the thermodynamic property parameters comparisons between reference and ideal working fluids, which can be characterized by the optimized thermodynamic property parameters, are investigated. Finally, multiple linear regression models are developed to evaluate the thermodynamic performance. The numerical differences of thermodynamic property parameters between the ideal reference and reference working fluids are chosen as initial variables, while the thermal efficiency and volumetric power output are used as thermodynamic performance indicators. The results show that the optimal heat source temperature is 250 °C, which is independent of cycle configuration. The thermodynamic performance of ORCs can be evaluated accurately by the multiple linear regression models. The maximum relative error of the multiple linear regression models is 3.02%. Moreover, Tc is the most dominant thermodynamic property parameter.
Descriptive Epidemiology of Injuries in Professional Speedball Athletes
Authors: Meshram Prashant , Yasser Omar , Joseph Jacob , Larijani Kian , Lopes Sauers Andrea , Srikumaran Uma , McFarland Edward G. 
Published: April 2022

Context: Speedball is an increasingly popular racquet sport played in more than 25 countries. Our objective was to describe injury incidence and patterns among Egyptian national-level speedball athletes. Design: Descriptive epidemiological. Methods: We conducted a survey of athletes who were registered with the Egyptian Speedball Federation during the 2018–2019 professional season. The survey inquired about injury types and athlete exposures (AEs). The response rate was 63% (100/160 athletes). Respondent ages ranged from 18 to 41 years. We analyzed demographic characteristics; number, location, and mechanism of injuries; treatment; and speedball participation time lost because of injury. Results: Of 100 respondents, 65 reported having sustained at least one injury during the season for a total of 90 injuries and a rate of 4.7 injuries per 1000 AEs (95% confidence interval, 3.7 to 5.7). More injuries occurred during practice (77%) than during competition (23%). Thirty percent of respondents reported having missed a competition because of injury. The most frequent anatomic locations of injury were the shoulder (50%; 2.4/1000 AEs), elbow (14%; 0.68/1000 AEs), and low back (9%; 0.4/1000 AEs). The most frequently cited causes of injury were increased intensity of training (40%) and lack of warming up (18%). Seventy-seven percent of injured respondents underwent treatment by a health care professional, and 9% of these respondents underwent surgery. Conclusion: The shoulder was the most common anatomic location for injuries in speedball athletes. Our results suggest that attention should be directed toward sport-specific injury prevention and intervention strategies because speedball is a fast-growing sport in several countries.
BiallelicCFAP61variants cause male infertility in humans and mice with severe oligoasthenoteratozoospermia
Authors: Hu Tongyao , Meng Lanlan , Tan Chen , Luo Chen , He Wen-Bin , Tu Chaofeng , Zhang Huan , Du Juan , Nie Hongchuan , Lu Guang-Xiu , Lin Ge , Tan Yue-Qiu 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundThe genetic causes for most male infertility due to severe oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) remain unclear.ObjectiveTo identify the genetic cause of male infertility characterised by OAT.MethodsVariant screening was performed by whole-exome sequencing from 325 infertile patients with OAT and 392 fertile individuals. In silico and in vitro analyses were performed to evaluate the impacts of candidate disease-causing variants. A knockout mouse model was generated to confirm the candidate disease-causing gene, and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was used to evaluate the efficiency of clinical treatment.ResultsWe identified biallelicCFAP61variants (NM_015585.4: c.1654C>T (p.R552C) and c.2911G>A (p.D971N), c.144–2A>G and c.1666G>A (p.G556R)) in two (0.62%) of the 325 OAT-affected men. In silico bioinformatics analysis predicted that all four variants were deleterious, and in vitro functional analysis confirmed the deleterious effects of the mutants. Notably, H&E staining and electron microscopy analyses of the spermatozoa revealed multiple morphological abnormalities of sperm flagella, the absence of central pair microtubules and mitochondrial sheath malformation in sperm flagella from man withCFAP61variants. Further immunofluorescence assays revealed markedly reduced CFAP61 staining in the sperm flagella. In addition,Cfap61-deficient mice showed the OAT phenotype, suggesting that loss of function ofCFAP61was the cause of OAT. Two individuals accepted ICSI therapy using their own ejaculated sperm, and one of them succeeded in fathering a healthy baby.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that CFAP61 is essential for spermatogenesis and that biallelicCFAP61variants lead to male infertility in humans and mice with OAT.
Using improved operator product expansion in Borel–Laplace sum rules with ALEPH $$\tau $$ decay data, and determination of pQCD coupling
Authors: Ayala César , Cvetič Gorazd , Teca Diego 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe use improved truncated operator product expansion (OPE) for the Adler function, involving two types of terms with dimension $$D=6$$

D
=
6

, in the double-pinched Borel–Laplace sum rules and finite energy sum rules for the V + A channel strangeless semihadronic $$\tau $$
τ
decays. The generation of the higher order perturbative QCD terms of the $$D=0$$

D
=
0

part of the Adler function is carried out using a renormalon-motivated ansatz incorporating the leading UV renormalon and the first two leading IR renormalons. The trunacted $$D=0$$

D
=
0

part of the sum rules is evaluated by two variants of the fixed-order perturbation theory (FO), by principal value of the Borel resummation (PV), and by contour-improved perturbation theory (CI). For the experimental V + A channel spectral function we use the ALEPH $$\tau $$
τ
-decay data. We point out that the truncated FO and PV evaluation methods account correctly for the renormalon structure of the sum rules, while this is not the case for the truncated CI evaluation. We extract the value of the $${\overline{\mathrm{MS}}}$$

MS
¯

coupling $$\alpha _s(m_{\tau }^2) = 0.3235^{+0.0138}_{-0.0126}$$

α
s

(

m

τ

2

)

=
0
.

3235

-
0.0126

+
0.0138

[$$\alpha _s(M_Z^2)=0.1191 \pm 0.0016$$

α
s

(

M
Z
2

)

=
0.1191
±
0.0016

] for the average of the two FO methods and the PV method, which we consider as our main result. If we included in the average also CI extraction, the value would be $$\alpha _s(m_{\tau }^2) = 0.3299^{+0.0232}_{-0.0225}$$

α
s

(

m

τ

2

)

=
0
.

3299

-
0.0225

+
0.0232

[$$\alpha _s(M_Z^2)=0.1199^{+0.0026}_{-0.0028}$$

α
s

(

M
Z
2

)

=
0
.

1199

-
0.0028

+
0.0026

]. This work is an extension and improvement of our previous work (Ayala et al. in Eur Phys J. C 81(10): 930, 2021, arXiv:2105.00356 [hep-ph]) where we used for the truncated OPE a more naive (and widely used) form and where the extracted values for $$\alpha _s(M_Z^2)$$

α
s

(

M
Z
2

)

were somewhat lower.
Ultraviolet dimensional reduction of spacetime with zero-point length
Authors: Mondal Vikramaditya 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAmong the many disparate approaches towards quantum gravity, the reduction of spacetime dimension in the ultraviolet regime is expected to be a common thread. The spectral dimension of spacetime is defined in the context of diffusion processes on a manifold. We show that a spacetime with zero-point length has spectral dimension 3.5 when the characteristic diffusion time has the size of the zero-point length. The spectral dimension (negatively) diverges for an even shorter diffusion time, thus preventing reliable physical interpretation in the deep ultraviolet regime. The thermodynamic dimension is defined by realizing that the free energy $$F(\beta )$$

F
(
β
)

of a free field or ideal gas at finite temperature ($$\beta ^{-1}$$

β

-
1

) in D dimensions scales as $$F\sim \beta ^{-D}$$

F
∼

β

-
D

. Using Schwinger’s proper time formalism, we show that for spacetime incorporating a zero-point length, the thermodynamic dimension reduces to 1.5 near the Planck scale and then to 1 in the deep ultraviolet regime. This signifies a “phase-transition” in which a (massless) bosonic ideal gas in four dimensions essentially behaves like radiation ($$w=1/3$$

w
=
1
/
3

) at low energies, whereas near the Planck scale, it behaves equivalently to having an equation of state parameter $$w=2$$

w
=
2

. Furthermore, dimension can be deduced from the potential $$V_D(r)$$

V
D

(
r
)

of interaction between two point-like sources separated at a distance r as its scaling depends on D. Comparing with the scaling behavior of conventional Yukawa-like potentials at short distances, we show that the ultraviolet dimension appears to be either 2 or 3 depending on the use of massive or massless force carriers as probes.