bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of overweight and obesity among saudi children: A comparison of two widely used international standards and the national growth references
Authors: Al-Hazzaa Hazzaa M. , Alrasheedi Amani A. , Alsulaimani Rayan A. , Jabri Laura , Alhowikan Abdulrahman M. , Alhussain Maha H. , Bawaked Rowaedh A. , Alqahtani Saleh A. 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo compare three body mass index (BMI) classifications that are used to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Saudi children aged 6–13 years: the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) age and gender cutoffs, the World Health Organization (WHO) growth references for school-aged children, and the Saudi (KSA) national growth references.MethodsThe sample comprised 2,169 children (52.5% girls) derived from two cross-sectional studies conducted in Riyadh and Jeddah during the 2017 and 2019 school years, respectively. Body weight and height were measured, and BMI was calculated.ResultsThe proportions (%) of the participants who were classified as underweight, overweight, and obese varied according to the reference used: IOTF reference (13.8, 18.4, and 12.7), WHO reference (17.2, 19.1, and 18.9), and KSA reference (7.0, 22.4, and 9.3), respectively, indicating higher values for overweight and obesity prevalence when the WHO references were used. Kappa agreement measures between the three references were found to be high, with the coefficients ranging from 0.936 (between the IOTF and KSA references) to 0.849 (between the IOTF and WHO references). In all three classifications, girls exhibited lower overweight or obesity prevalence than boys. Family income, but not paternal or maternal education, was significantly (p = 0.015) associated with overweight/obesity when using the IOTF standards. In addition, having a small family in the house was significantly (p &lt; 0.05) associated with obesity, irrespective of the classification system.ConclusionInconsistency was observed when estimating the prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity among Saudi children. However, when defining the overall prevalence of overweight plus obesity among Saudi children, the IOTF classification system performed in a similar way to the KSA references (31.1% versus 31.7%) compared to the WHO references (38.0%).
Numerical simulation on influence of initial pressures on gas explosion propagation characteristics in roadway
Authors: Haohao Zhang , Zhenzhen Jia , Qing Ye , Yu Cheng , Shujuan Li 
Published: August 2022

In order to investigate the influence of initial pressures on the propagation characteristics of gas explosion in roadway, the physical model of gas explosion under different initial pressures in roadway is established by the fluid-structure interaction algorithm of ANSYS/LS-DYNA. The pressure of shock wave, the rise rate of pressure and the flame propagation velocity are analyzed when the initial pressure is 0.08, 0.09, 0.10, 0.11, and 0.12 MPa, respectively. The results reveal that the maximum pressure of shock wave at the same position in the roadway increases significantly with the increase of initial pressure, which presents a quadratic function relationship. The time to reach the maximum pressure of shock wave is extended comparatively. In addition, the maximum rise rate of shock wave pressure increases with the increase of the initial pressure, which means that the explosion hazard increases. The flame propagation velocity in the roadway decreases linearly with the increase of initial pressure. When the initial pressure increases by 0.01 MPa, the flame propagation speed will decrease by 2.6%.
Estimation of potential soil erosion reduction using GIS-based RUSLE under different land cover management models: A case study of Pale Municipality, B&H
Authors: Golijanin Jelena , Nikolić Gojko , Valjarević Aleksandar , Ivanović Rade , Tunguz Vesna , Bojić Stefan , Grmuša Milka , Lukić Tanović Mariana , Perić Marija , Hrelja Edin , Stankov Slobodanka 
Published: August 2022

Spatial assessment of soil erosion is an important indicator of ecological soil change and global environmental changes. This is especially true for countries with rich forest cover such as Bosnia and Herzegovina. In this study, the risk of soil erosion was assessed using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model and the impact of changes in the forest ecosystem, current conditions were compared with possible future forest management scenarios, and measures and solutions were proposed to reduce soil erodibility in vulnerable areas of the Pale Municipality in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The studied area is at increased risk of soil erosion due to natural conditions (mountain relief, climate change, and the frequency of extreme climatic events—drought and heavy rains, which occur more and more frequently in a short period of time) and due to anthropogenic factors, such as large-scale deforestation and conversion of mountain areas for tourism purposes, tracing and construction of ski slopes and ski resorts in general, and expansion of settlements. All this leads to threats to water conservation areas, landslides, floods, forest fires, and additional reduction of forest areas due to drying of forests and expansion of settlements. GIS as a tool provides us with a quick and accurate way to find possible solutions to problems resulting from the intensive use and inadequate monitoring. In this study, we have tried to offer possible solutions and show the benefits that can be obtained by varying the factors that affect soil erodibility and depend on vegetation cover, that is, land use (C-factor). This study presents the application of RUSLE methods in combination with GIS for the purpose of planning economic activities, such as winter tourism development in the community of Pale. An increase in soil loss due to inappropriate land use was found, with the average annual soil loss due to deforestation in the ski area increasing to 909.43 t ha−1 year−1.
A live attenuated strain of HY9901ΔdctP provides protection against Vibrio alginolyticus to the pearl gentian grouper (♀Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂Epinephelus lanceolatus)
Authors: Zhang Yilin , Zhang Ziyu , Zhang Jinxia , Huang Yucong , Jian Jichang , Cai Shuanghu 
Published: August 2022

In recent decades, vibriosis caused byVibrio alginolyticushas become a severe threat to the global mariculture industry. There is an urgent need for an effective vaccine to alleviate this unoptimistic situation. In this study, we evaluated the safety, immunoprotection, and specific and non-specific immune response effect of ΔdctPstrain as a live-attenuated vaccine to pearl gentian grouper (♀Epinephelus fuscoguttatus× ♂Epinephelus lanceolatu). The results demonstrate that the safe dose of ΔdctPwas ≤1.0 ×106CFU in pearl gentian grouper. The relative percent survival of the pearl gentian grouper challenged with the ΔdctPmutant strain by intraperitoneal injection reached 74.4%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group. Meanwhile, the expression level of immune-relative genes, includingIgM,IL-1β,IL-8,IL-10,MHC-Iα,MHC2,TNF-α,TLR3, andCD4, were upregulated in liver, spleen, and head kidney within 28 d post-vaccination. Moreover, specific antibody IgM, total serum protein as well as activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and lysozyme in serum were significantly up-regulated in vaccinated groupers compared with those in control. Collectively, ΔdctPcould be used as a live-attenuated vaccine candidate againstV. alginolyticusinfection in pearl gentian grouper.
The impact of biologic therapies on extra-intestinal manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease: A multicenter study
Authors: Ferretti Francesca , Monico Maria Camilla , Cannatelli Rosanna , Carmagnola Stefania , Lenti Marco Vincenzo , Di Sabatino Antonio , Conforti Francesco , Pastorelli Luca , Caprioli Flavio , Bezzio Cristina , Saibeni Simone , Mazza Stefano , Vecchi Maurizio , Maconi Giovanni , Ardizzone Sandro 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionPatients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a high risk of developing extra-intestinal manifestations (EIMs). We aimed to assess the cumulative incidence and clinical course of EIMs in patients treated with Vedolizumab (VDZ) and non-gut selective biologic drugs.Materials and methodsIn this multicenter observational study, we enrolled 1,182 patients with IBD under biologic treatment in tertiary care centers, collecting the rate of new-onset EIMs and the clinical course of new and pre-existing EIMs since the introduction of the ongoing biologic drug (259 VDZ vs. 923 non-gut selective agents, median time 3 vs. 4 years).ResultsAmong 1,182 patients with IBD (median age of 46 years; 55% men) on biologics, the overall cumulative incidence of new onset EIMs was 4.1% (49/1,182), in particular 6.6% (17/259) on VDZ vs. 3.5% (32/923) on non-gut selective biologics (p = 0.02). Among 224 patients reporting new or pre-existing EIMs, those on VDZ showed a higher rate of clinical worsening compared with non-gut selective therapies (15.5 vs. 7.3%, p = 0.08). However, both showed a similar rate of modification of the therapeutic regimen. Female gender [hazard ratio (HR) 2.18], a longer course of ongoing biologic therapy (HR 1.18), ulcerative colitis (UC) (HR 1.83), and VDZ therapy (HR 1.85) were significant risk factors for developing new EIMs.DiscussionOur study suggests that the type of biologic treatment might affect the risk of developing EIMs, with a slightly higher risk in patients on gut-selective therapies. However, a similar clinical course is observed in the two groups.
Dance movement therapy for neurodegenerative diseases: A systematic review
Authors: Wu Cheng-Cheng , Xiong Huan-Yu , Zheng Jie-Jiao , Wang Xue-Qiang 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThe proportion of the world's elderly population continues to rise, and the treatment and improvement of neurodegenerative diseases have become issue of public health importance as people live longer and many countries have aging populations. This systematic review aims to discuss the effects of dance movement therapy (DMT) on motor function, cognitive deficit, mood, and quality of life in people with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsTwo reviewers independently conducted systematic search on the Cochrane library, PubMed database, Web of Science Core Collection database, and Physiotherapy Evidence database until February 1, 2022. Only systematic analyses and randomized controlled trials were included and further analyzed.ResultsThirty-three studies on PD, 16 studies on MCI, 4 studies on AD were obtained. This systematic review found that DMT substantially improved the global cognitive function, memory, and executive function on the population with MCI. Compared with the non-dance group, DMT remarkably improved general disease condition, balance, and gait for individuals with PD. The evidence of the efficacy of DMT on AD is insufficient, and further research is needed.ConclusionDMT can effectively improve the motor function and cognitive deficits in neurodegenerative diseases. Positive effects of DMT on the mood and quality of life in ND patients are controversial and require further evidence. Future research on the effects of DMT on AD requires scientific design, large sample size, long-term comprehensive intervention, and clear reporting standards.Systematic review registrationwww.osf.io/wktez, identifier: 10.17605/OSF.IO/UYBKT.
The impact of age-related hearing loss on structural neuroanatomy: A meta-analysis
Authors: Slade Kate , Reilly Johannes H. , Jablonska Kamila , Smith El , Hayes Lawrence D. , Plack Christopher J. , Nuttall Helen E. 
Published: August 2022

This meta-analysis investigated the association between age-related hearing loss and structural neuroanatomy, specifically changes to gray matter volume. Hearing loss is associated with increased risk of cognitive decline. Hence, understanding the effects of hearing loss in older age on brain health is essential. We reviewed studies which compared older participants with hearing loss (age-related hearing loss: ARHL) to older adults without clinical hearing loss (no-ARHL), on neuroanatomical outcomes, specifically gray matter (GM) volume as measured by magnetic resonance imaging. A total of five studies met the inclusion criteria, three of which were included in an analysis of whole-brain gray matter volume (ARHL group n = 113; no-ARHL group n = 138), and three were included in analyses of lobe-wise gray matter volume (ARHL group n = 139; no-ARHL group n = 162). Effect-size seed-based d mapping software was employed for whole-brain and lobe-wise analysis of gray matter volume. The analysis indicated there was no significant difference between adults with ARHL compared to those with no-ARHL in whole-brain gray matter volume. Due to lacking stereotactic coordinates, the level of gray matter in specific neuroanatomical locations could only be observed at lobe-level. These data indicate that adults with ARHL show increased gray matter atrophy in the temporal lobe only (not in occipital, parietal, or frontal), compared to adults with no-ARHL. The implications for theoretical frameworks of the hearing loss and cognitive decline relationship are discussed in relation to the results. This meta-analysis was pre-registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021265375).Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=265375, PROSPERO CRD42021265375.
A machine learning model for predicting patients with major depressive disorder: A study based on transcriptomic data
Authors: Liu Sitong , Lu Tong , Zhao Qian , Fu Bingbing , Wang Han , Li Ginhong , Yang Fan , Huang Juan , Lyu Nan 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundIdentifying new biomarkers of major depressive disorder (MDD) would be of great significance for its early diagnosis and treatment. Herein, we constructed a diagnostic model of MDD using machine learning methods.MethodsThe GSE98793 and GSE19738 datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and the limma R package was used to analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in MDD patients. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed to identify potential molecular functions and pathways. A protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed, and hub genes were predicted. Random forest (RF) and artificial neural network (ANN) machine-learning algorithms were used to select variables and construct a robust diagnostic model.ResultsA total of 721 DEGs were identified in peripheral blood samples of patients with MDD. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that the DEGs were mainly enriched in cytokines, defense responses to viruses, responses to biotic stimuli, immune effector processes, responses to external biotic stimuli, and immune systems. A PPI network was constructed, and CytoHubba plugins were used to screen hub genes. Furthermore, a robust diagnostic model was established using a RF and ANN algorithm with an area under the curve of 0.757 for the training model and 0.685 for the test cohort.ConclusionWe analyzed potential driver genes in patients with MDD and built a potential diagnostic model as an adjunct tool to assist psychiatrists in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of MDD.
Textural features reflecting local activity of the hippocampus improve the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment: A radiomics study based on functional magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Wang Luoyu , Feng Qi , Ge Xiuhong , Chen Fenyang , Yu Bo , Chen Bing , Liao Zhengluan , Lin Biying , Lv Yating , Ding Zhongxiang 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundTextural features of the hippocampus in structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) images can serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), while exhibiting a relatively poor discriminant performance in detecting early AD, such as amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). In contrast to sMRI, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can identify brain functional abnormalities in the early stages of cerebral disorders. However, whether the textural features reflecting local functional activity in the hippocampus can improve the diagnostic performance for AD and aMCI remains unclear. In this study, we combined the textural features of the amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) in the slow-5 frequency band and structural images in the hippocampus to investigate their diagnostic performance for AD and aMCI using multimodal radiomics technique.MethodsTotally, 84 AD, 50 aMCI, and 44 normal controls (NCs) were included in the current study. After feature extraction and feature selection, the radiomics models incorporating sMRI images, ALFF values and their combinations in the bilateral hippocampus were established for the diagnosis of AD and aMCI. The effectiveness of these models was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The radiomics models were further validated using the external data from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database.ResultsThe results of ROC analysis showed that the radiomics models based on structural images in the hippocampus had a better diagnostic performance for AD compared with the models using ALFF, while the ALFF-based model exhibited better discriminant performance for aMCI than the models with structural images. The radiomics models based on the combinations of structural images and ALFF were found to exhibit the highest accuracy for distinguishing AD from NCs and aMCI from NCs.ConclusionIn this study, we found that the textural features reflecting local functional activity could improve the diagnostic performance of traditional structural models for both AD and aMCI. These findings may deepen our understanding of the pathogenesis of AD, contributing to the early diagnosis of AD.
Circulating inflammatory cells in patients with metastatic breast cancer: Implications for treatment
Authors: Gianni Caterina , Palleschi Michela , Schepisi Giuseppe , Casadei Chiara , Bleve Sara , Merloni Filippo , Sirico Marianna , Sarti Samanta , Cecconetto Lorenzo , Di Menna Giandomenico , Schettini Francesco , De Giorgi Ugo 
Published: August 2022

Adaptive and innate immune cells play a crucial role as regulators of cancer development.Inflammatory cells in blood flow seem to be involved in pro-tumor activities and contribute to breast cancer progression. Circulating lymphocyte ratios such as the platelet-lymphocytes ratio (PLR), the monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are new reproducible, routinely feasible and cheap biomarkers of immune response. These indexes have been correlated to prognosis in many solid tumors and there is growing evidence on their clinical applicability as independent prognostic markers also for breast cancer.In this review we give an overview of the possible value of lymphocytic indexes in advanced breast cancer prognosis and prediction of outcome. Furthermore, targeting the immune system appear to be a promising therapeutic strategy for breast cancer, especially macrophage-targeted therapies. Herein we present an overview of the ongoing clinical trials testing systemic inflammatory cells as therapeutic targets in breast cancer.
Predicting chemotherapy response in non-small-cell lung cancer via computed tomography radiomic features: Peritumoral, intratumoral, or combined?
Authors: Chang Runsheng , Qi Shouliang , Zuo Yifan , Yue Yong , Zhang Xiaoye , Guan Yubao , Qian Wei 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThis study aims to evaluate the ability of peritumoral, intratumoral, or combined computed tomography (CT) radiomic features to predict chemotherapy response in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsAfter excluding subjects with incomplete data or other types of treatments, 272 (Dataset 1) and 43 (Dataset 2, external validation) NSCLC patients who were only treated with chemotherapy as the first-line treatment were enrolled between 2015 and 2019. All patients were divided into response and nonresponse based on the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors, version 1.1. By using 3D slicer and morphological operations in python, the intra- and peritumoral regions of lung tumors were segmented from pre-treatment CT images (unenhanced) and confirmed by two experienced radiologists. Then radiomic features (the first order, texture, shape, et al.) were extracted from the above regions of interest. The models were trained and tested in Dataset 1 and further validated in Dataset 2. The performance of models was compared using the area under curve (AUC), confusion matrix, accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score.ResultsThe radiomic model using features from the peritumoral region of 0–3 mm outperformed that using features from 3–6, 6–9, 9–12 mm peritumoral region, and intratumoral region (AUC: 0.95 versus 0.87, 0.86, 0.85, and 0.88). By the fusion of features from 0–3 and 3–6 mm peritumoral regions, the logistic regression model achieved the best performance, with an AUC of 0.97. This model achieved an AUC of 0.85 in the external cohort. Moreover, among the 20 selected features, seven features differed significantly between the two groups (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsCT radiomic features from both the peri- and intratumoral regions can predict chemotherapy response in NSCLC using machine learning models. Combined features from two peritumoral regions yielded better predictions.
Survival outcomes analysis according to mismatch repair status in locally advanced rectal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Chen Lin , Yang Xudong , Zhang Yuanyuan , Liu Jie , Jiang Qixin , Ji Fang , Gao Jinli , Zhou Zhuqing , Wang Hao , Huang Jun , Fu Chuangang 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThe predictive role of mismatch repair (MMR) status for survival outcomes and sensitivity in neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy settings for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) has been inconclusive.MethodsA retrospective cohort of patients with LARC treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) was recruited. After adjusting for baseline characteristics, we used propensity score matching to reduce the effect of potential confounding factors on MMR status. The primary analysis was based on overall survival as the more important endpoint.ResultsThis study included 269 patients. Patients with defective MMR (dMMR) were younger (58.5% vs. 60.0%, p=0.0274) and had lower body mass indices (p=0.0091), higher differentiation grades (p=0.0889), and more advanced rectal cancers (clinical T4 or T4b, p=0.0851; M1, p=0.0055) than those with proficient MMR (pMMR). However, propensity score-matched patients with dMMR (p=0.0013) exhibited superior overall survival, even in the M1 subgroup. More importantly, patients with proficient MMR who undergo early pathological downstaging, especially lymph node pathological downstaging, can achieve a prognosis similar to that of patients with dMMR.ConclusionThe clinical significance of this retrospective study mainly includes two points: (1) Data from our study confirmed that LARC patients with dMMR status had better overall survival rates after nCRT, even in the M1 subgroup. (2) Similar survival outcomes were observed in older and female patients with early lymph node pathological downstaging, regardless of dMMR or pMMR.