bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inflammation and vascular dysfunction: The negative synergistic combination of diabetes and COVID‐19
Authors: Bolla Andrea Mario , Loretelli Cristian , Montefusco Laura , Finzi Giovanna , Abdi Reza , Ben Nasr Moufida , Lunati Maria Elena , Pastore Ida , Bonventre Joseph V. , Nebuloni Manuela , Rusconi Stefano , Santus Pierachille , Zuccotti Gianvincenzo , Galli Massimo , D’Addio Francesca , Fiorina Paolo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsSeveral reports indicate that diabetes determines an increased mortality risk in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID‐19) and a good glycaemic control appears to be associated with more favourable outcomes. Evidence also supports that COVID‐19 pneumonia only accounts for a part of COVID‐19 related deaths. This disease is indeed characterised by abnormal inflammatory response and vascular dysfunction, leading to the involvement and failure of different systems, including severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, coagulopathy, myocardial damage and renal failure. Inflammation and vascular dysfunction are also well‐known features of hyperglycemia and diabetes, making up the ground for a detrimental synergistic combination that could explain the increased mortality observed in hyperglycaemic patients.Materials and methodsIn this work, we conduct a narrative review on this intriguing connection. Together with this, we also present the clinical characteristics, outcomes, laboratory and histopathological findings related to this topic of a cohort of nearly 1000 subjects with COVID‐19 admitted to a third‐level Hospital in Milan.ResultsWe found an increased mortality in subjects with COVID‐19 and diabetes, together with an altered inflammatory profile.ConclusionsThis may support the hypothesis that diabetes and COVID‐19 meet at the crossroads of inflammation and vascular dysfunction. (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04463849 and NCT04382794).
Camera trap data suggest uneven predation risk across vegetation types in a mixed farmland landscape
Authors: Laux Amelie , Waltert Matthias , Gottschalk Eckhard 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGround‐nesting farmland birds such as the grey partridge (Perdix perdix) have been rapidly declining due to a combination of habitat loss, food shortage, and predation. Predator activity is the least understood factor, especially its modulation by landscape composition and complexity. An important question is whether agri‐environment schemes such as flower strips are potentially useful for reducing predation risk, for example, from red fox (Vulpes vulpes). We employed 120 camera traps for two summers in an agricultural landscape in Central Germany to record predator activity (i.e., the number of predator captures) as a proxy for predation risk and used generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) to investigate how the surrounding landscape affects predator activity in different vegetation types (flower strips, hedges, field margins, winter cereal, and rapeseed fields). Additionally, we used 48 cameras to study the distribution of predator captures within flower strips. Vegetation type was the most important factor determining the number of predator captures and capture rates in flower strips were lower than in hedges or field margins. Red fox capture rates were the highest of all predators in every vegetation type, confirming their importance as a predator for ground‐nesting birds. The number of fox captures increased with woodland area and decreased with structural richness and distance to settlements. In flower strips, capture rates in the center were approximately 9 times lower than at the edge. We conclude that the optimal landscape for ground‐nesting farmland birds seems to be open farmland with broad extensive vegetation elements and a high structural richness. Broad flower blocks provide valuable, comparatively safe nesting habitats, and the predation risk can further be minimized by placing them away from woods and settlements. Our results suggest that adequate landscape management may reduce predation pressure.
Heterogeneity in risk‐sensitive allocation of somatic reserves in a long‐lived mammal
Authors: Smiley Rachel A. , Wagler Brittany L. , LaSharr Tayler N. , Denryter Kristin A. , Stephenson Thomas R. , Courtemanch Alyson B. , Mong Tony W. , Lutz Daryl , McWhirter Doug , Brimeyer Doug , Hnilicka Patrick , Lowrey Blake , Monteith Kevin L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFood quality and availability, when combined with energetic demands in seasonal environments, shape resource acquisition and allocation by animals and hold consequences for life‐history strategies. In long‐lived species with extensive maternal care, regulation of somatic reserves of energy and protein can occur in a risk‐sensitive manner, wherein resources are preferentially allocated to support survival at the cost of investment in reproduction. We investigated how Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis), an alpine mammal in a highly seasonal environment, allocates somatic reserves across seasons. In accordance with the hypothesis of risk‐sensitive resource allocation, we expected accretion and catabolism of somatic reserves to be regulated relative to preseason nutritional state, reproductive state, and variation among populations in accordance with local environmental conditions. To test that hypothesis, we monitored seasonal changes in percent ingesta‐free body fat (IFBFat) and ingesta‐free, fat‐free body mass (IFFFBMass) in three populations of bighorn sheep in northwest Wyoming between 2015 and 2019 through repeated captures of female sheep in December and March of each year in a longitudinal study design. Regulation of somatic reserves was risk‐sensitive and varied relative to the amount of somatic reserves an animal had at the beginning of the season. Regulation of fat reserves was sensitive to reproductive state and differed by population, particularly over the summer. In one population with low rates of recruitment of young, sheep that recruited offspring lost fat over the summer in contrast to the other two populations where sheep that recruited gained fat. And yet, all populations exhibited similar changes in fat catabolism and risk sensitivity over winter. The magnitude of body fat and mass change across seasons may be indicative of sufficiency of seasonal ranges to meet energetic demands of survival and reproduction. Risk‐sensitive allocation of resources was pervasive, suggesting nutritional underpinnings are foundational to behavior, vital rates, and, ultimately, population dynamics. For species living in alpine environments, risk‐sensitive resource allocation may be essential to balance investment in reproduction with ensuring survival.
ARNI or ARB Treats Residual Left Ventricular Remodelling after Surgery for Valvular Regurgitation: ReReRe study protocol
Authors: Kang Yu , Yang Zi‐xuan , Liu Lu‐lu , Kong Hong , Wang Hua , Dong Wei , Bai Ling , Wang Jiang , Sun Zhi‐jun , Zhang Jing , Li Jing , Guo Ying‐qiang , Zhang Qing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsPatients with persistent or de novo left ventricular (LV) dilation and/or reduced ejection fraction (EF) after correction for primary aortic (AR) or mitral (MR) regurgitation (i.e. residual LV remodelling) have not been well studied with regard to guideline‐directed medical therapy after successful aetiology‐reversing surgery. We aim to (i) compare the effectiveness of sacubitril/valsartan vs. valsartan in promoting LV reverse remodelling and (ii) explore the safety of medication withdrawal after LV recovery.Methods and resultsThe ReReRe study is a multicentre, randomized, open‐label, parallel trial that consists of two consecutive parts. A total of 371 patients with an LV end‐diastolic diameter (LVEDD) > 60 mm or LVEF < 50%, assessed by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) 7–14 days after valve surgery for significant AR or primary MR will be enrolled. The 1st randomization into the sacubitril/valsartan or valsartan groups and structured follow‐up (1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after randomization) will be conducted to observe the primary objective as the rate of complete recovery of LV remodelling (i.e. LVEDD < 55 mm and LVEF ≥ 60% by TTE at two consecutive visits). Those who have complete recovery of LV remodelling will be enrolled in Study Part 2; consequently, they will receive the 2nd randomization into the medication withdrawal or maintenance group and 6‐monthly visits for the observation of the primary objective as the rate of LV remodelling relapse (LVEDD > 60 mm or LVEF < 50%). The secondary objectives include the rate of composite clinical outcomes and the degree of change in 6‐min walk distance and Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire scores.ConclusionsThe ReReRe study will provide new evidence for the treatment of patients with residual LV remodelling after curable unloaded surgery, as well as the duration of treatment. The study results will fill the gap in identifying an appropriate medical therapy regimen for this group of patients and perhaps for those with reversible aetiologies of heart failure.
Cardiac arrest as a manifestation of unknown Type V glycogenosis: a case report
Authors: Soria‐Navarro Raquel , Burgos Palacios Virginia , Castrillo Bustamante Cristina , Gallardo Agromayor Elena , Marcos González Sara , González‐Lamuño Leguina Domingo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFew cases have been reported to date, in which a massive rhabdomyolysis causes a cardiac arrest in a male adult suffering from undiagnosed McArdle disease. Veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and cytokine adsorption filter (CytoSorb®) were required to reach a complete and successful recovery.
The influence path and dynamic relationship between economic development, industrial structure upgrading, urbanization, urban–rural income gap, and electricity consumption in China
Authors: Song Mei , Zhang Liyan , Li Mengxue 
Published: July 2022

AbstractConsidering China's goal of carbon neutrality, understanding the influence path and dynamic correlation between electricity consumption and relevant factors is essential for formulating a reasonable electricity development strategy and promoting high‐quality socio‐economic development. Based on panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2019, this study adopts the panel VAR model for research, with four notable findings. (1) Economic development, urbanization, and the urban–rural income gap directly affect electricity consumption. Industrial structure upgrading can affect electricity consumption through economic development and urbanization. Electricity consumption only directly affects economic development, whereas the effect on the other three variables could be transmitted through economic development. (2) Electricity consumption first inhibits and then promotes industrial structure upgrading, and it inhibits the urban–rural income gap. (3) Industrial structure upgrading first promotes and then inhibits electricity consumption. The urban–rural income gap inhibits electricity consumption. (4) Industrial structure upgrading and the widening income gap might hinder economic development through the adverse effect on electricity consumption. Based on these findings, several policy suggestions are proposed.
Preparation of temperature‐sensitive fragrance nanocapsules and its controllable release property
Authors: Zhao Di , Zhao Qixuan , Xu Zhifei , Shi Xiaodi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTemperature‐sensitive nanocapsules with controllable release properties were synthesized through miniemulsion free radical polymerization method. Temperature‐sensitive N,N‐diethylacrylamide/N,N‐dimethylacrylamide (DEA/DMA) copolymer were systematically synthesized as shell materials, and the fragrance‐dementholized peppermint oil (DPO) was encapsulated as hydrophobic core material. The as prepared nanocapsules had high encapsulation efficiencies of more than 90% and small average diameters of less than 150 nm, as well as narrow polydispersity index (PDI) below 0.17. Furthermore, decreased DEA contents in shell material resulted in higher phase transition temperature and slower release rate of fragrance under the same temperature. By varying the copolymer composition of shell materials, the controllable release property of as prepared nanocapsules were also varied under different temperatures.
Dietary tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) oil supplementation enhances the expressions of amino acid transporters in goat ileal mucosa and improves intestinal immunity
Authors: Lv Xiaokang , Chen Liang , Zhou Chuanshe , Guo Yibing , Zhang Guijie , Kang Jinhe , Tan Zhiliang , Tang Shaoxun , Liu Zixin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTea tree oil (TTO) is a plant‐derived additive with anti‐inflammatory, bactericidal, and growth‐promoting properties. However, little is known about the effects of TTO on intestinal amino acid transport and immune function in goats. Twenty‐four Ganxi goats (initial body weight of 13.5 ± 0.70 kg) were randomly allotted two treatments and fed either control (CON) or CON+TTO (0.2 ml/kg) diet. The addition of TTO to the diet significantly decreased (p < .05) tumor necrosis factor‐α content and increased (p < .05) interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) content in goat serum; significantly decreased (p < .05) IL‐12, and increased (p < .05) IL‐2 content in goat ileal mucosa; significantly increased (p < .05) secreted IgA content in the jejunal and ileal mucosa; significantly upregulated (p < .05) IL‐2 and downregulated (p < .05) IL‐12 at the mRNA level in the ileal mucosa; significantly elevated the levels of serine, arginine, and total amino acids in the ileal mucosa (p < .05); significantly upregulated (p < .05) SLC1A1 and SLC7A1 in the ileum; and significantly enhanced (p < .05) the protein expression of Claudin‐1 in the ileal mucosa. In summary, adding 0.2 ml/kg of TTO to the diet enhanced SLC1A1 and SLC7A1 mRNA expression in the ileal mucosa, and SLC1A1 and SLC7A1 could transport serine and arginine from the chyme to the ileal mucosa. Thus, increased serine and arginine content in the mucosa could improve intestinal immunity. TTO supplementation upregulated the expression of IL‐2 and Claudin‐1 in goat ileal mucosa, and enhanced immune function in the intestine.
Different functional connectivity optimal frequency in autism compared with healthy controls and the relationship with social communication deficits: Evidence from gene expression and behavior symptom analyses
Authors: Long Jinjin , Lu Fengmei , Yang Shanshan , Zhang Qianyue , Chen Xue , Pang Yajing , Wang Min , He Bifang , Liu Heng , Duan Xujun , Chen Huafu , Ye Shaobing , Chen Heng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStudies have reported that different brain regions/connections possess distinct frequency properties, which are related to brain function. Previous studies have proposed altered brain activity frequency and frequency‐specific functional connectivity (FC) patterns in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), implying the varied dominant frequency of FC in ASD. However, the difference of the dominant frequency of FC between ASD and healthy controls (HCs) remains unclear. In the present study, the dominant frequency of FC was measured by FC optimal frequency, which was defined as the intermediate of the frequency bin at which the FC strength could reach the maximum. A multivariate pattern analysis was conducted to determine whether the FC optimal frequency in ASD differs from that in HCs. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) and enrichment analyses were conducted to determine the relationship between the FC optimal frequency difference of ASD/HCs and cortical gene expression. PLSR analyses were also performed to explore the relationship between FC optimal frequency and the clinical symptoms of ASD. Results showed a significant difference of FC optimal frequency between ASD and HCs. Some genes whose cortical expression patterns are related to the FC optimal frequency difference of ASD/HCs were enriched for social communication problems. Meanwhile, the FC optimal frequency in ASD was significantly related to social communication symptoms. These results may help us understand the neuro‐mechanism of the social communication deficits in ASD.
Cdc42 promotes thyroid cancer cell proliferation and migration and tumor‐associated macrophage polarization through the PTEN/AKT pathway
Authors: Huang Deyi , Qiu Huali , Miao Lin , Guo Lin , Zhang Xiaoting , Lin Mengmeng , Li Zhongyun , Li Fang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the potential mechanism and function of Cdc42 in thyroid cancer. We found that knockdown of Cdc42 inhibited the migration and proliferation of WRO cells. This role of Cdc42 is achieved by interacting with PTEN and interfering with its PTEN nuclear translocation. The overexpression of Cdc42 enhances the production of lactic acid and promotes the polarization of M2 macrophages, and therefore M2 macrophages inhibit the function of T cells. Overall, Cdc42 can promote cell proliferation and migration through the PTEN/AKT pathway and promote tumor‐related M2 macrophage polarization and inhibit T cell activity by enhancing aerobic glycolysis, animal experiments confirmed that tumor volume increased after Cdc42 overexpressed in TBP‐3743 murine thyroid cancer cells. Increased infiltration of Treg and macrophages was also observed. taken together, our results indicate that Cdc42 can be used as a diagnostic and thyroid cancer Prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets.
IPMK modulates hepatic glucose production and insulin signaling
Authors: Jung Ik‐Rak , Anokye‐Danso Frederick , Jin Sunghee , Ahima Rexford S. , Kim Sangwon F. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHepatic glucose production (HGP) is crucial for the maintenance of normal glucose homeostasis. Although hepatic insulin resistance contributes to excessive glucose production, its mechanism is not well understood. Here, we show that inositol polyphosphate multikinase (IPMK), a key enzyme in inositol polyphosphate biosynthesis, plays a role in regulating hepatic insulin signaling and gluconeogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. IPMK‐deficient hepatocytes exhibit decreased insulin‐induced activation of Akt‐FoxO1 signaling. The expression of messenger RNA levels of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (Pck1) and glucose 6‐phosphatase (G6pc), key enzymes mediating gluconeogenesis, are increased in IPMK‐deficient hepatocytes compared to wild type hepatocytes. Importantly, re‐expressing IPMK restores insulin sensitivity and alleviates glucose production in IPMK‐deficient hepatocytes. Moreover, hepatocyte‐specific IPMK deletion exacerbates hyperglycemia and insulin sensitivity in mice fed a high‐fat diet, accompanied by an increase in HGP during pyruvate tolerance test and reduction in Akt phosphorylation in IPMK deficient liver. Our results demonstrate that IPMK mediates insulin signaling and gluconeogenesis and may be potentially targeted for treatment of diabetes.
Quality of root canal treatment performed by undergraduate students using nickel‐titanium reciprocating versus hand instruments
Authors: Miçooğulları Kurt Seniha , Kandemir Demirci Gözde , Serefoglu Burcu , Kaval Mehmet Emin , Güneri Pelin , Çalışkan Mehmet Kemal 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeTo compare the technical quality of root canal treatment (RCT) depending on the incidence of procedural errors performed by undergraduate students using nickel‐titanium reciprocating and conventional hand instrumentation techniques, and to assess the impact of case difficulty and localization of the teeth (maxillary or mandibular molars).MethodsDental records and periapical radiographs of molars that were treated with either hand or reciprocating WaveOne (WO) instruments were evaluated retrospectively. The technical quality of RCTs, the incidence of ledge formation, perforation, instrument fracture, overinstrumentation, underfilling, overfilling, inadequate root canal filling, and the effects of case difficulty and tooth localization were compared using the chi‐square test with a significance of 5% (α = 0.05).ResultsWhile overinstrumentation was more frequent in the WO group (247 teeth), the incidence of inadequate root canal fillings was higher in the hand instrumentation group (245 teeth) (p < 0.01). No significant difference was observed in the incidence of other procedural errors (p > 0.05). The number of teeth with acceptable technical quality in preparation and obturation was 172 (69.6%) in the WO group, whereas it was 142 (58%) in the hand instrumentation group, presenting a significant difference between the instrumentation techniques (p < 0.01). Higher technical quality rates were observed with WO instrumentation in the high difficulty category and in maxillary teeth (p < 0.01).ConclusionHigher technical quality in preparation and obturation can be achieved with WO reciprocating instruments and file‐matched greater tapered gutta‐percha cones. No significant difference was observed between the groups in the incidence of procedural errors except for overinstrumentation and insufficient root canal filling. WO instrumentation and obturation with file‐matched greater tapered gutta‐percha cones provided better technical quality in the high difficulty category and in maxillary teeth.
Neuroglobin deficiency increases seizure susceptibility but does not affect basal behavior in mice
Authors: Gøtzsche Casper R. , Woldbye David P. D. , Hundahl Christian Ansgar , Hay‐Schmidt Anders 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNeuroglobin (Ngb) is found in the neurones of several different brain areas and is known to bind oxygen and other gaseous molecules and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vitro, but it does not seem to act as a respiratory molecule for neurones. Using male and female Ngb‐knockout (KO) mice, we addressed the role of Ngb in neuronal brain activity using behavioral tests but found no differences in general behaviors, memory processes, and anxiety−/depression‐like behaviors. Oxidative stress and ROS play key roles in epileptogenesis, and oxidative injury produced by an excessive production of free radicals is involved in the initiation and progression of epilepsy. The ROS binding properties led us to hypothesize that lack of Ngb could affect central coping with excitatory stimuli. We consequently explored whether exposure to the excitatory molecule kainate (KA) would increase severity of seizures in mice lacking Ngb. We found that the duration and severity of seizures were increased, while the latency time to develop seizures was shortened in Ngb‐KO compared to wildtype adult female mice. Consistently, c‐fos expression after KA was significantly increased in Ngb‐KO mice in the amygdala and piriform cortex, regions rich in Ngb and known to be centrally involved in seizure generation. Moreover, the measured c‐fos expression levels were correlated with seizure susceptibility. With these new findings combined with previous studies we propose that Ngb could constitute an intrinsic defense mechanism against neuronal hyperexcitability and oxidative stress by buffering of ROS in amygdala and other Ngb‐containing brain regions.
White wine phenolics: current methods of analysis
Authors: Clarke Sarah , Bosman Gurthwin , du Toit Wessel , Aleixandre‐Tudo Jose Luis 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWhite wine phenolic analyses are less common in the literature than analyses of red wine phenolics. Analytical techniques for white wine phenolic analyses using spectrophotometric, chromatographic, spectroscopic, and electrochemical methods are reported. The interest of research in this area combined with the advances in technology aimed at the winemaking industry are promoting the establishment of novel approaches for identifying, quantifying, and classifying phenolic compounds in white wine. This review article provides an overview of the current research into white wine phenolics through a critical discussion of the analytical methods employed. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.