bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial Intelligence in De novo Drug Design: Are We Still There?
Authors: Kumar Rajnish , Sharma Anju , Alexiou Athanasios , Ashraf Ghulam Md 
Published: October 2022

Background:
The artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted design of drug candidates with novel structures and desired properties has received significant attention in the recent past, so relat-ed areas of forward prediction that aim to discover chemical matters worth synthesizing and further experimental investigation.

Objective:
The purpose behind developing AI-driven models is to explore the broader chemical space and suggest new drug candidate scaffolds with promising therapeutic value. Moreover, it is anticipated that such AI-based models may not only significantly reduce the cost and time but also decrease the attrition rate of drug candidates that fail to reach the desirable endpoints at the final stages of drug development. In an attempt to develop AI-based models for de novo drug design, numerous methods have been proposed by various study groups by applying machine learning and deep learning algorithms to chemical datasets. However, there are many challenges in obtaining ac-curate predictions, and real breakthroughs in de novo drug design are still scarce.

Method:
In this review, we explore the recent trends in developing AI-based models for de novo drug design to assess the current status, challenges, and opportunities in the field.

Conclusion:
The consistently improved AI algorithms and the abundance of curated training chem-ical data indicate that AI-based de novo drug design should perform better than the current models. Improvements in the performance are warranted to obtain better outcomes in the form of potential drug candidates, which can perform well in in vivo conditions, especially in the case of more com-plex diseases.
Recent Advances in the Development of Nitrogen-containing Heterocyclic
Anti-alzheimer’s Agents
Authors: Chawla Pooja A. , Kumar Ankur , Nehra Bhupender , Singh Dilpreet , Kumar Dileep 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains one of the major neurodegenerative diseases over-whelming the world today. Alzheimer’s is the most complicated as well as perplexing disease en-countering serious global health issues. Alzheimer’s disease is well characterized as a general cause of dementia, which includes issues with memory, language, problem-solving, and other cognitive behaviours, such as disabled perception as well as trouble talking due to degeneration of neurons. According to the latest report, there are about 44 million individuals who are currently suffering from dementia, which has been prophesied to extensively grow up to 3-fold by 2050. Alzheimer’s disease is usually triggered by numerous associated factors, including depleted amount of acetyl-choline (ACh), excessive aggregation of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ), tau hyperphosphorylation with neurofibrillary tangle formation as well as deposition of feeble plaques in a specific portion of the brain (hippocampus and cortex). Besides these superior factors, sometimes AD can be induced or become complex due to several reasons, such as inflammatory mechanisms and oxidative stress. Furthermore, heterocyclic scaffolds comprise assorted implications in the drug design and devel-opment process. Heterocycles have also elicited their evolving role as core scaffolds in numerous synthetic derivatives with potent anti-Alzheimer’s potential. There are only limited drugs that are present in the market to treat Alzheimer’s disease in an efficacious manner. Hence, the identifica-tion, design, and development of new anti-Alzheimer’s drugs are an emerging need to eradicate complex clinical indications associated with Alzheimer’s disease. This review aims to summarize various recent advancements in the medicinal chemistry of heterocycle-based compounds with the following objectives: (1) to represent inclusive literature reports describing the anti-Alzheimer’s po-tential of heterocyclic derivatives; (2) to cast light on recent advancements in the medicinal chemis-try of heterocyclic compounds endowed with therapeutic potential against Alzheimer’s disease; (3) to summarize the comprehensive correlation of structure-activity relationship (SAR) with the phar-macological responses, including in silico and mechanistic studies to provide ideas related to design and development of lead molecules.
Relationship Between Gut Bacteria and Levodopa Metabolism
Authors: Xu Kaifei , Sheng Shuo , Zhang Feng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases,
characterized by the reduction of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra. Levodopa,
as a dopamine supplement, is the gold-standard therapeutic drug for PD. The
metabolism of levodopa in the periphery not only decreases its bioavailability but also
affects its efficacy. Thus, it is necessary to investigate how levodopa is metabolized.
A growing number of studies have shown that intestinal bacteria, such as
Enterococcus faecalis, Eggerthella lenta and Clostridium sporogenes, could
metabolize levodopa in different ways. In addition, several pathways to reduce
levodopa metabolism by gut microbiota were confirmed to improve levodopa
efficacy. These pathways include aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AADC)
inhibitors, antibiotics, pH and (S)-α-fluoromethyltyrosine (AFMT). In this review, we
have summarized the metabolic process of levodopa by intestinal bacteria and
analyzed potential approaches to reduce the metabolism of levodopa by gut
microbiota, thus improving the efficacy of levodopa.
Alkaloids as Antimalarial Compounds: A Review of Recent Studies
Authors: Saufi Nor Asma Umais Mohammad , Hatta Ummu Umairah M. , Rashid Fatin Nur Ain Abdul , Mohammat Mohd Fazli 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Malaria is a parasitic infection caused by Plasmodium parasites that are transmitted to
humans through the bite of infected Anopheles mosquitoes. Malaria continues to contribute unacceptably
high rates of sickness and death. Natural product compounds have long been recognized as
one of valuable natural remedy resources with promising structural motif pools for the development
of first-line drugs. Resistance to conventional treatments such as chloroquine, mefloquine, and artemisinin-
based combination therapy (ACT) by the causal agent, the Plasmodium parasite, is a major
concern in malaria treatment and prevention globally. Given the parasites' resistance to several current
treatment regimens, innovative antimalarial chemotherapeutic medicines derived from tetramic
acid alkaloids are desperately needed. In this review, new and old antimalarial alkaloids identified
and reported recently from 2017 to 2021 are presented. Several compounds with promising antimalarial
activity are identified from several subclasses of alkaloids. It is hoped that this review report
will inspire future research into the compounds' toxicity and in vivo efficacy, to exploit this intriguing
compound as antimalarial drugs.
Bacteriophages Against Pathogenic Bacteria: In Medicine and Agriculture
Authors: Anaghez Zahra Zaer , Rasizadeh Reyhaneh , Aghbash Parisa Shiri , Feizi Hadi , Khakvar Reza , Baghi Hossein Bannazadeh 
Published: October 2022

Abstrat:
One of the critical issues that humans worldwide are facing is bacterial infections. Antibiotics
were developed as bactericidal agents to avoid the negative consequences of bacterial infections,
and they were initially highly efficient against bacteria. However, we face a phenomenon
called antibiotic resistance by misusing these chemical antibiotics in this era. In other words, bacteria
began to acquire resistance to common antibiotics, and resistance means going back to a time
before antibiotics. As it is a significant threat to human health and causes increased mortality, there
is a rising demand for novel alternative therapies. An alternate method is to use bacteriophages
(phages) as a therapeutic agent against bacterial infections in medicine and agriculture. Phages are
viruses capable of infecting pathogenic bacteria, which can cause serious diseases. They do not
affect the human microbiota; most only infect certain bacteria. Some research has been done on
using phages as a treatment, and more experiments today. For instance, eye infections caused by
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) can be treated by eye drops containing appropriate
phages. In this regard, significant progress has been made in phage therapy. This review will
discuss the current state of phage therapy, clinical breakthroughs, its superiorities and drawbacks,
and the future perspectives of phage applications.
Prediction of Cancer Treatment Using Advancements in Machine
Learning
Authors: Singh Arun Kumar , Ling Jingjing , Malviya Rishabha 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Many cancer patients die due to their treatment failing because of their disease's resistance
to chemotherapy and other forms of radiation therapy. Resistance may develop at any
stage of therapy, even at the beginning. Several factors influence current therapy, including
the type of cancer and the existence of genetic abnormalities. The response to treatment
is not always predicted by the existence of a genetic mutation and might vary for various
cancer subtypes. It is clear that cancer patients must be assigned a particular treatment or
combination of drugs based on prediction models. Preliminary studies utilizing artificial
intelligence-based prediction models have shown promising results. Building therapeutically
useful models is still difficult despite enormous increases in computer capacity due to the lack
of adequate clinically important pharmacogenomics data. Machine learning is the most widely
used branch of artificial intelligence. Here, we review the current state in the area of using
machine learning to predict treatment response. In addition, examples of machine learning
algorithms being employed in clinical practice are offered.
Influence of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Remodeling, Substrate and Ion Metabolism
of Myocardium to Prevent Cardiovascular Risks: Recent Work and
Advancement
Authors: Johri Nishant , Matreja Prithpal Sing , John Davis , Dutta Shubham , Parida Ashok Kumar , Sarma Susanta Nath 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of drugs that lower
blood glucose levels while decreasing blood pressure, volume loss, and weight loss. SGLT2
inhibitors were studied to determine their effectiveness in treating cardiovascular disease and
their side effects. Study outcomes related to cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes were examined
in patients on SGLT2 inhibitors by searching PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and SCOPUS.
Articles related to clinical trials, reviews, and meta-analyses were considered. A review of
SGLT2 inhibitors' mechanisms of action in preventing cardiovascular (CVS) disease progression
was described. We then reviewed the possible effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on CVS dysfunction
development, composition, and stability. In the following, we discussed the impact of SGLT2 inhibitors
on CVD events, such as ischemic strokes and myocardial infarctions, and their role in
treating congestive heart failure and cardiovascular mortality.
Evaluation of Cytotoxic and Neuropharmacological Activity of Methanolic
Extract of Solanum capsicoides Leaves
Authors: Nobee Md. Mahamodun , Chowdhury Anita Rani , Rodru Fariya Islam , Ahmed Jamiuddin , Paul Hridoy Kumar , Sarkar Kishore Kumar , Islam Farhana 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Solanum capsicoides has medicinal importance due to having numerous
therapeutically active ingredients.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to assess and interpret the cytotoxic and neuropharmacological
activity of the methanolic extract of Solanum capsicoides leaves.

Methods:
The lethality bioassay test on brine shrimp was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity effect of
the methanolic extract of Solanum capsicoides leaves. To evaluate the neuropharmacological activities
of this plant extract, hole board test, hole cross test, open field test and elevated plus-maze test
were used in mice model. All assessments were statistically analysed using one-way ANOVA followed
by Dunnett’s t-test. All of the data were analysed with the help of the SPSS software.

Results:
The test for brine shrimp lethality demonstrated that the LC50 of methanolic extract of Solanum
capsicoides leaves was 55.883 μg/ml, containing potent cytotoxic components. The statistically
significant (*P<0.05, **P<0.05 vs. control) result in hole board test, hole cross test, open field
test, and elevated plus-maze test reveals the CNS depressant and anxiolytic properties in methanolic
extract of Solanum capsicoides leaves.

Conclusion:
Results from our study support that the methanolic extract of Solanum capsicoides might
possess significant cytotoxic characteristics, CNS depressant and anxiolytic effect. However, additional
research is required to pinpoint the precise bioactive chemicals that are responsible for these activities.
Curriculum SIG: LIS Curriculum from Past to Present
Authors: Burress Rene , Li Xiaofeng 
Published: October 2022

The curriculum SIG will examine how the history of curriculum in LIS education impacts the LIS curriculum of today.
Dr. Rene Burress, Dr. Xiaofeng Li, and Holly Hebert will share results from their work answering the research question, “How did the LIS curriculum prepare librarians competencies in diversity, equity, and inclusion to address today’s social justice issues in their libraries and communities?”
Dr. Suliman Hawamdeh will discuss how revisiting our understanding of data, information and knowledge impacts curriculum development and will shape the future of information and knowledge profession and the development of LIS competency-based curriculum.
Dr. Elizabeth Burns will share results of a study that will explore the extent to which LIS programs dedicate attention to diversity, equity, and inclusion in their curriculum.
And with the future in mind, Dr. Yong Ju Jung and Dr. Soo Hyeon Kim present thoughtful educational principles and strategies for how to provide the most effective learning experiences for students in online makerspace courses.
Cultural-based digital archive approach to enrich student users’ curriculum interpretation and worldview
Authors: Yuen Yee Lin Elaine , Leslie Catherine Amoroso 
Published: October 2022

In the 21st century, digitalization is essential to optimize preservation and conservation of museum artifacts. Digital archives provide critical.extension value and relevant information resources that enrich users' cultural knowledge and connection through object analysis. This study explores the potential of HistoryPin, a free online application for cultural storytelling, to expand student users’ worldview concept and interaction with museum artifacts through a series of curated collections as a learning and engagement tool.
A collaboration between Kent State University Museum and the School of Fashion’s Historic Textiles course in Spring 2022, this case study identified cultural artifacts including textiles, costumes, and related accessories to illustrate and support course topics. Artifacts representing a range of geographic areas were selected, digitized, and presented with images in different views, cultural and historical information, and linked data in the virtual tour setting of HistoryPin. Students from both online and in-person sections experienced a virtual exhibition of artifacts, which reinforced and extended class content for further interpretation and engagement.
Advanced interactive technologies, such as comments, favorites, and thought/image sharing on different social media, from HistoryPin allowed students to reflect on various perspectives related to cultural objects. After each section of the course, researchers gathered student users’ interactive comments shared on HistoryPin. A content analysis approach of emergent themes revealed the impact and contributions of museum artifacts. Moreover, a targeted survey provided sub-analyses on the cultural-based digital archive approach which informed an overall assessment of the impact in enriching student users’ virtual museum experience.
College Students’ Fake News Discernment
Authors: Bak Hyerin 
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate variables that may be related to college students’ fake news discernment, inspired by Potter’s cognitive media literacy model (2004). The investigated variables included college students’ ability to discern fact from opinion, critical thinking skills, beliefs in their control over situations or experiences (locus of control), and the degree to which they engage in and enjoy thinking (need for cognition). The study employed a sequential explanatory mixed-methods research design.
The survey quantitatively measured 296 college students’ fact and opinion discernment, critical thinking skills, need for cognition, and locus of control. Critical thinking was a variable positively correlated with the fact and opinion discernment, as well as the need for cognition respectively. The follow-up interview data with 19 college students further explained the survey results and their media literacy practices. They described how they discern fact from opinion and evaluate information when reading news online. They stated that polarized media environments and their prior knowledge made information evaluation difficult when reading news online. The participants also described the importance and motivation of discerning fact and opinion and evaluating information in news reports.
The study findings inform considerations for media literacy education which strengthens students’ skills regarding fake news discernment. This study suggests future work that further investigates the studied variables, such as developing the fact and opinion discernment instrument with borderline statements and developing a media literacy model in the context of news reading.
Going Back to Get the Stories
Authors: Evans Sarah , Keeton KYmberly , Molina Lacy , Byun Mimi 
Published: October 2022

In the United States, children’s book publishing experienced significant shifts throughout the 20th century, starting with the establishment of dedicated children’s books departments in the 1920’s through to late century changes in printing technology leading to the cost-effective publication of full color non-fiction for youth. Each generation experienced children’s books differently.
One constant was the sparse availability of books representing any child who was not white. As in Rudine Sims Bishop’s analogy, these youth easily found windows and sliding glass doors in their books but rarely found the self-affirming mirror. Conversely, white children had many mirrors but far fewer opportunities to view unfamiliar experiences nor enter new worlds to discover empathy for others.
Today’s children are growing up with increasingly diverse representation in the available literature. To fully understand the significance of this moment, we must “go back and get” the experiences of the children who grew up in the 20th century. In this oral history project, we collect individual’s memories of reading and stories from their youngest years through adolescence. Participants are drawn from diverse backgrounds, with an emphasis on people who identify as Black, Latinx, Asian, and/or Indigenous. Findings illuminate the overlooked literacy experiences of people of color and the impact of childhood reading. This project provides insight into the historical impact of library services and the importance of contemporary libraries providing children with diverse literature.
Pengaruh Motivasi Berprestasi dan Gaya Mengajar Guru Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Dalam Pembelajaran Ekonomi
Authors: Aulia Dina , Susanti Dessi 
Published: October 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of achievement motivation and teacher teaching style on learning achievement, determine the effect of achievement motivation on learning achievement, and determine the effect of teacher teaching style on learning achievement. The sample of this study were 92 students of class XI IPS SMAN 2 Pariaman. data collection using questionnaires and documentation. The data analysis technique used multiple regression analysis, f test, t test and R2. Based on the hypothesis t test, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect between achievement motivation and teacher teaching style on learning achievement. there is an influence of achievement motivation on learning achievement and there is an influence of teacher teaching style on student achievement. The variable of achievement motivation and teaching style of teachers has an influence of 51%, while 49% is influenced by other variables. Keywords : achievement motivation, teacher teaching style
Ocular Biocompatibility of a Nitinol Capsular Tension Ring (CTR)
Authors: de Aragon Javier S Martinez , Villada Jose R , Ruiz-Moreno Jose M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Introduction: The biocompatibility of nitinol in the human body has extensively been demonstrated. Although nitinol is already being used for intraocular surgeries such as lens fragmentation and foreign body extraction, little is known about its intracapsular, long-term behavior. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the long-term uveal and capsular biocompatibility of a nitinol CTR placed in the capsular bag after cataract surgery in an animal model.

Method: After approval of the study by the Institutional Animal Care and the Ethics Committee, bilateral phacoemulsification was performed in 6 rabbits; 1 eye received a nitinol CTR and the other a control polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) open-ended ring. Ophthalmic evaluation for the presence of infections in all 12 eyes was performed after 7 days, 4 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months follow-up period. After a follow-up period of 6 months, the eyes were enucleated, and a histopathologic evaluation was performed.

Results: Neither of the groups showed any clinical signs of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) or inflammation. The nitinol group showed slightly less inflammation during histopathologic examination compared to the PMMA group.
No biocompatibility issues have been observed in this animal study.

Conclusions: There were no histological differences between eyes implanted with nitinol and eyes implanted with PMMA rings. Nitinol has proven to show high biocompatibility when implanted in the capsular bag of the rabbit eye.
The Co-Activity of Gifts and Virtues: A Response to Angela Knobel
Authors: Newton William 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this essay, I explain why I agree with Angela Knobel’s judgement that, despite recent claims to the contrary, Aquinas did not jettison from his mature theology the distinction of ‘human mode’ and ‘superhuman mode’ of action in articulating his understanding of the Gifts of the Holy Spirit and their relationship to the virtues. However, I disagree with Knobel’s claim that, in his mature thought, Aquinas saw the infused virtues as inherently part of the superhuman mode. Rather, I argue that, in Aquinas’s mature thought, the infused virtues have an inherently human mode of operation, even if they can be elevated to the higher superhuman mode, when they operate in unison with the Gifts. I also diverge from Knobel in as much as I argue that the infused virtues have a default operation that is distinct from the Gifts, whereas a gift never operates without the co-operation of an infused virtue.