bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EPOC fenotipo no agudizador con enfisema
Authors: Martín-Garrido Isabel , Martínez-Rísquez María Teresa , Calero-Bernal María Luz 
Published: April 2022

Varón de 48 años fumador excesivo, sin otros antecedentes de interés, derivado para estudio de disnea. Tras la realización de pruebas complementarias, se diagnostica de EPOC grado D de la GOLD y fenotipo enfisema no agudizador según GesEPOC, disnea clase 2-3 de la mMRC con una puntuación BODE de 7 y con presencia de bullas de predominio en pulmón derecho. Tras optimización del tratamiento médico broncodilatador con retirada de corticoides inhalados, inicialmente la situación clínica del paciente mejora, pero 3 meses después presenta empeoramiento paulatino motivado por la aparición de neumotórax leve que precisa tubo de drenaje y posterior bullectomía, con mejoría clínica y funcional.
Afectación adrenal, pancreática, renal y del sistema nervioso central en el síndrome de Von Hippel-Lindau. A propósito de un caso
Authors: Fernández-Bermejo Lara Almudena , Toral-Revuelta José Ramón 
Published: April 2022

Varón de 55 años remitido a consultas de Medicina Interna para seguimiento de su feocromocitoma bilateral con suprarrenalectomía bilateral con clínica de cefaleas y calambres leves inespecíficos. Mantenía niveles de metanefrinas en orina elevados. Se solicitó estudio radiológico que demostró múltiples nódulos pancreáticos, múltiples quistes renales complejos bilaterales y múltiples lesiones en sistema nervioso central a nivel de cerebelo y médula espinal. Con las lesiones descritas, se solicitó estudio genético para descartar probable síndrome de Von Hippel-Lindau, que se confirmó. En los controles periódicos existe estabilidad de las lesiones, con niveles de metanefrinas en orina normalizados.
COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF TEN COMMERCIAL FUNGICIDES FOR THE CONTROL OF RHIZOCTONIA SOLANI, THE CAUSE OF BLACK SCURF DISEASE OF POTATO
Authors: Mahr Naseer Ahmed 
Published: April 2022

Black scurf disease of potato caused by Rhizoctonia solani is one of the major problems causing considerable yield losses throughout the world. The control of R. solani is mainly based on the application of fungicides. Therefore, in the present study, ten fungicides belonging to different groups were evaluated for their in vitro effectiveness against R. solani. Highly significant inhibitory effects of fungicides were recorded on mycelial growth, sclerotial production, and germination of sclerotia of R. solani. In the in vitro test, the sensitivity of R. solani was found to vary greatly with the fungicides and their concentrations. The mycelial growth of R. solani was found to be the most sensitive to Antracol, Benlate, Captan, Dithane M-45, and Ridomil while the least sensitive to Polyram Combi. An intermediate sensitivity of the fungus was noticed to Daconil, Brassicol, Bavistin, and Vitavex. Sclerotial production by the fungus was the most sensitive to Ridomil and Benlate. At 50 ppm concentration, Benlate and Ridomil completely inhibited the sclerotial production. Dithane M-45 and Captan reduced the production of sclerotia greater than Deconil, Brassicol, and Bavistin. The least effective fungicide in reducing sclerotial production was Polyram Combi. Similarly, the most effective fungicide in reducing sclerotial germination was Benlate. The fungicides, Ridomil and Dithane M-45 showed an intermediate effect on the germination of sclerotia while Daconil and Captan proved to be the least effective fungicides in sclerotial germination of R. solani.
Upregulated serum granulysin levels in women with antiphospholipid antibody‐associated recurrent miscarriage are downregulated by heparin treatment
Authors: Ichikawa Tomoko , Negishi Yasuyuki , Kasano Sayuri , Yokote Ryoko , Yonezawa Mirei , Ouchi Nozomi , Kuwabara Yoshimitsu , Suzuki Shunji , Takeshita Toshiyuki 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurposeGranulysin is a cytotoxic protein that simultaneously activates innate and cellular immunity. The authors aimed to evaluate whether granulysin is associated with the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and whether heparin changes the granulysin levels.MethodsA cohort study was performed with women with antiphospholipid antibody‐positive recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). The authors examined granulysin levels under RPL and evaluated the changes in serum granulysin levels before and 1 week after the commencement of heparin treatment.ResultsSerum granulysin levels before heparin treatment were significantly higher in women who tested positive for one or more types of antiphospholipid antibodies (2.75 ± 1.03 vs. 2.44 ± 0.69, p = 0.0341 by Welch's t test), particularly anti‐phosphatidylethanolamine antibodies (IgG: 2.98 ± 1.09 vs. 2.51 ± 0.86, p = 0.0013; IgM: 2.85 ± 1.09 vs. 2.47 ± 0.77, p = 0.0024 by Welch's t test). After heparin treatment for 1 week, serum granulysin levels were significantly reduced (p = 0.0017 by the paired t test). The miscarriage rate was significantly higher in women whose serum granulysin levels were not reduced by heparin treatment (p = 0.0086 by Fisher's exact probability test).ConclusionThe results suggest that heparin may reduce the incidence of miscarriage by suppressing serum granulysin levels.
Cytokine responses of immunosuppressed and immunocompetent patients with Neoehrlichia mikurensis infection
Authors: Wass Linda , Quarsten Hanne , Lindgren Per-Eric , Forsberg Pia , Skoog Elisabet , Nilsson Kenneth , Lingblom Christine , Wennerås Christine 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The tick-borne bacterium Neoehrlichia mikurensis causes the infectious disease neoehrlichiosis in humans. Vascular endothelium is one of the target cells of the infection. Neoehrlichiosis patients with compromised B cell immunity present with more severe inflammation than immunocompetent patients. The aim of this study was to compare the cytokine profiles of immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients with neoehrlichiosis.

Methods
Blood samples from Swedish and Norwegian immunosuppressed (N = 30) and immunocompetent (N = 16) patients with neoehrlichiosis were analyzed for the levels of 30 cytokines, using a multiplex cytokine assay and ELISA. A gender-matched healthy control group (N = 14) was analyzed in parallel. Data were analyzed using the multivariate method OPLS-DA.

Results
The multiplex cytokine analyses generated more cytokine results than did the uniplex ELISA analyses. Multivariate analysis of the multiplex cytokine results established that increased levels of FGF2, GM-CSF, CXCL10, and IFN-γ were associated with immunosuppressed patients, whereas increased levels of IL-15 and VEGF were associated with immunocompetent neoehrlichiosis patients. When multivariate analysis findings were confirmed with uniplex ELISA, it was found that both groups of patients had similarly elevated levels of VEGF, FGF2 and IFN-γ. In contrast, the immunosuppressed patients had clearly elevated levels of CXCL10, CXCL13 and BAFF, whereas the immunocompetent patients had the same levels as healthy controls.

Conclusion
Pro-angiogenic and type 1 cytokines were produced as part of the host response of neoehrlichiosis independent of immune status, whereas immunosuppressed neoehrlichiosis patients produced cytokines required for B cell-mediated defense.
The Relationship Between Religious/Spiritual Beliefs and Subjective Well-Being: A Case-Based Comparative Cross-National Study
Authors: Pérez Sergio , Rohde Daniela 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe most unique aspect of religiosity/spirituality (R/S), supernatural beliefs, and their relationship with SWB has hardly been examined. This study explores the relationship between six R/S supernatural beliefs and SWB, in a case-based comparative cross-national design including two religious and two secular nations. Data were obtained from the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) Religion IV module from the religious countries of the USA (n = 1060) and Turkey (n = 1353) and the secular countries of Denmark (n = 1281) and Czech Republic (n = 1112). SWB was measured as happiness and self-rated health. Statistical analyses were performed using binary logistic regression models replicated across countries. Results indicated that the American sample showed no evidence of relationships between R/S and SWB outcomes capable of improving the model over demographic and service attendance covariates. In Turkey, some R/S beliefs were found to be statistically significantly related to SWB, with positive and negative associations with happiness. No associations were found in the secular countries. Findings were discussed in the light of previous research and interpreted from a terror management theory perspective.
Thought Crime and the Treason Act 1351
Authors: Hill Daniel J. , Whistler Daniel 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHas there ever been a law criminalizing mental states in themselves? We show that there has been, and still is: the Treason Act 1351. We argue for what we call ‘the Mental Interpretation’ of the Act, over against the interpretation that it criminalizes a complex of a mental state and an ‘overt act’. We also provide authority for the stronger thesis that the overt act functions purely as evidence for the mental state. We discuss other laws in various jurisdictions that have historically criminalized mental states in themselves. We conclude by considering the objection that the European Convention on Human Rights rules out our interpretation.
Development of Tamoxifen In Situ Gel Nanoemulsion for Ocular Delivery in Photoreceptor Degeneration Disorder: In Vitro Characterization, 131I-Radiolabeling, and In Vivo Biodistribution Studies
Authors: Aboumanei Mohamed H. , Mahmoud Ashgan Fouad 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of our work is to develop an in situ ocular gellan gum–based nanoemulsion (NE) of tamoxifen TAM as an alternative drug delivery system to the oral route for the treatment of photoreceptor degeneration disorder.

Method
Six pseudoternary phase diagrams were developed using oil (oleic acid), surfactants (Tween 80 or Tween 20), a co-surfactant (polyethylene glycol 400), and water. The particle size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential of the developed systems were all measured. The safety of ocular application of the optimum system was established via in vivo histopathological investigation. To track the biodistribution of the optimum gel, iodine-131 (131I) was incorporated into the gel via coupling with TAM via direct electrophilic substitution reaction.

Results
Based on the obtained results, TAMNE-1 was chosen as the optimal system, with PS = 140.20 ± 1.50 nm, ZP =  − 27.86 ± 1.13 mV, and PDI = 0.20 ± 0.00%. In vitro release displayed a prolonged and sustained release of TAMNE-1 gel compared to TAM solution (plain eye drop). Transparent in situ TAMNE-1 gel was developed after the incorporation of the TAMNE-1 system into gellan gum aqueous solution (0.3% w/w). In this study, TAM was successfully radiolabeled with 131I for subsequent evaluation of the efficacy of the developed in situ gel system (TAMNE-1 gel) in vivo. The developed TAMNE-1 gel system was nonirritant and safe and the biodistribution studies showed better retention of TAMNE-1 gel than plain TAM eye drops.

Conclusion
The developed TAMNE-1 gel is able to enhance the ocular bioavailability of TAM and can go further with clinical evaluation.

Graphic Abstract
Numerical study on peak current in pulse-modulated radio-frequency discharges with atmospheric helium–oxygen admixtures
Authors: WANG Xucheng , GAO Shuhan , ZHANG Yuantao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Atmospheric pressure pulse-modulated radio-frequency (rf) plasmas have drawn growing attention due to their potential in applications. By selecting appropriate modulation parameters, the diffused and large-volume plasma can be generated in the pulse-modulated rf plasma with plenty of reactive oxygen species, which is essential for the biomedical application of helium–oxygen plasmas. In this paper, by means of a fluid model, the formation of the peak current in the first period (PCFP) in a pulse-modulated rf helium–oxygen discharge driven by a sinusoidal voltage is discussed, the existence of a reverse field near the anode caused by the negative and positive charges contributes greatly to the mechanism of PCFP. In the simulation, as oxygen admixture increases, the negative ions of O− and

O

2

−

become dominative anions in the sheath region, which can’t be driven to the anode very quickly to build a reverse field, thus the PCFP eventually disappears. This study can effectively enhance the understanding of different transportation behavior of heavy negative ions and electrons, and further optimize pulse-modulated rf discharges with helium–oxygen mixtures in various applications.
Sperm sharing: as problematic as oocyte sharing?
Authors: Pennings Guido 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Sperm sharing has recently been introduced in a number of clinics in the UK. In all gamete sharing schemes, two goals can be distinguished: increasing the donor pool and enabling less affluent patients to access IVF treatment. This article compares sperm sharing with oocyte sharing in order to determine whether the differences and similarities affect the moral acceptability of the practice. It then compares sperm sharers with regular sperm donors and notices that sperm sharers seem to have fewer rights than regular sperm donors. The next step is to look at the alternatives to reach the two goals of sharing schemes. Regarding the first goal of increasing the donor pool, there are alternative procedures that are minimally coercive and where less affluent people are not targeted. Regarding the goal of increasing access to IVF treatment, clinics could propose cheaper IVF protocols to less affluent people or offer the IVF cycle at reduced prices. I conclude that the ethical problems caused by sharing schemes that offer financial benefits in return for oocytes or sperm can be avoided by using alternatives.
Association Between Inflammation and Coagulation Biomarkers and Carotid Atherosclerosis Among Treated People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: Zhu Bowen , Chen Xiaoxiao , Shen Weiwei , Ding Yingying , Lin Haijiang , He Na 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a common cause of morbidity among people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) who initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART). Little is known about the roles of inflammation in atherosclerotic CVD among PWH.

Methods
This cross-sectional evaluation included 178 PWH between 40 and 70 years on stable (&gt;3 months) ART who were derived from the ongoing, prospective cohort for Comparative HIV and Aging Research in Taizhou (CHART), China, from February 2017 to August 2018. Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) ≥1 mm was considered as cIMT thickening indicative of atherosclerotic CVD. Plasma inflammation and coagulation biomarkers were quantified by a multiplex bead cytokine assay for 27 cytokines and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for soluble CD14 and D-dimer, respectively. We performed a series of multiparametric analyses of biomarkers and developed a composite score for atherosclerotic CVD assessment among PWH.

Results
Of 178 PWH, 53 (30.9%) had cIMT thickening. In multivariable logistic analysis adjusting for CVD and human immunodeficiency virus-specific risk factors, interleukin (IL)-4 (odds ratio [OR] = 19.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6–226.5), IL-7 (OR = 16.7; 95% CI, 1.8–151.7), IL-10 (OR = 11.9; 95% CI, 2.0–72.1), and D-dimer (OR = 3.1; 95% CI, 1.0–10.1) were significantly associated with cIMT thickening. We also developed a composite score incorporating markers (IL-7, IL-10, D-dimer, and hypertension) that accurately evaluated atherosclerotic CVD.

Conclusions
The associations of IL-4, IL-7, IL-10, and D-dimer with atherosclerosis underscores research needs to further understand the inflammatory mechanisms in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis CVD among treated PWH. The composite score for atherosclerotic CVD assessment could be useful for risk stratification in PWH.
Making maternity and neonatal care personalised in the COVID-19 pandemic: results from the Babies Born Better Survey in the UK and the Netherlands
Authors: van den Berg Lauri M.M. , Akooji Naseerah , Thomson Gill , de Jonge Ank , Balaam Marie-Clare , Topalidou Anastasia , Downe Soo 
Published: April 2022

Structured abstractBackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic had a severe impact on women’s birth experiences. To date, there are no studies that use both quantitative and qualitative data to compare women’s birth experiences before and during the pandemic, across more than one country.AimTo examine women’s birth experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic and to compare the experiences of women who gave birth in the United Kingdom (UK) or the Netherlands (NL) either before or during the pandemic.MethodThis study is based on analyses of quantitative and qualitative data from the online Babies Born Better survey. Responses recorded by women giving birth in the UK and the NL between June and December 2020 have been used, encompassing women who gave birth between 2017 and 2020. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively, and chi-squared tests were performed to compare women who gave birth pre- versus during pandemic and separately by country. Qualitative data was analysed by inductive thematic analysis.FindingsRespondents in both the UK and the NL who gave birth during the pandemic were as likely, or, if they had a self-reported above average standard of life, more likely to rate their labour and birth experience positively when compared to women who gave birth pre-pandemic. This was despite the fact that those labouring in the pandemic reported less support and choice. Two potential explanatory themes emerged from the qualitative data: respondents had lower expectations during the pandemic, and they appreciated that care providers tried hard to personalise care.ConclusionOur study implies that many women labouring during the COVID-19 pandemic experienced restrictions, but their experience was mitigated by staff actions. However, personalised care should not be maintained by the good will of care providers, but should be a priority in maternity care policy to benefit all service users equitably.
Prevalence and factors associated with post-partum depression in a remote area of Cameroon: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Dingana Therence Nwana , Ngasa Stewart Ndutard , Ngasa Neh Chang , Tchouda Leticia Armelle Sani , Abanda Christabel , Niba Juste , Mbanyor Bill Erich , Sanji Eric Wah , Babila Carlson-Sama 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPostpartum depression is one of the many challenges associated with childbirth. In Cameroon, the focus is more on postpartum obstetric complications resulting in underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis of this condition. The current socio-political crisis plaguing the English-speaking part of Cameroon has increased the stressors that may inherently increase the prevalence. There is no published data describing post-partum depression in a rural setting in Cameroon. We seek to determine the prevalence and factors associated with PPD in women attending the Tubah District hospital, North West Region, Cameroon. We conducted a cross-sectional hospital-based study at the Tubah District Hospital. A consecutive convenience sampling technique was used to recruit participants. Our main outcome was post-partum depression which was assessed using the Edinburgh Post-partum Depression Scale. A total of 207 post-partum women took part in this study with a mean age of 27.54 ± 5.78 years. The prevalence of depression was 31.8%. Gender-based violence (OR: 4.67, P = 0.013), financial stress (OR:3.57, P = 0.002) and male baby (OR: 2.83, P < 0.001) were independent psychosocial factors associated with PPD. Independent psycho-clinical factors of post-partum depression include family history of mental health illness (OR: 4.34, P = 0.04) and previous history of depression (OR: 4.17, P = 0.02). The prevalence of post-partum depression in women attending the Tubah District Hospital, Northwest Region, Cameroon is high. The factors associated with PPD are many. Identification of risk factors, early diagnosis and proper management can prevent PPD, disabling morbidity, and suicide in mothers.
Reproducibility of Survey Measurements of Sexual Orientation in the USA
Authors: Turner Charles F. , Turner Brett A. , Chromy James R. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSurvey measurements of sexual orientation have become increasingly common in national population surveys although validation of these measurements is rare and inherently problematic. We instead assess the reproducibility of parallel measurements from two independent samples of the USA population made in the 2008-2018 General Social Surveys and the adult probability subsets of the 2013-2018 National Health Interview Survey (Ns = 12,098 and 190,113).Restricting analysis to the categories gay/lesbian, bisexual, and straight, we obtain similar estimates of the proportion of the U.S. population who consider themselves gay/lesbian (NHIS: 1.59% vs. GSS: 1.93%, p = 0.059) but not bisexual (NHIS: 1.03% vs. GSS: 2.90%, p < 0.001). Fitting multinomial logistic regression models controlling for year, gender, birth cohort, education, and race, we find that compared to the NHIS, the GSS had 1.248 (p=0.022) times higher relative odds of eliciting a response of Gay-Lesbian (vs. Straight) and 2.980 (p<0.001) times higher relative odds of eliciting a response of Bisexual (vs. Straight). Expanding the model by adding 3-way interaction terms for orientation-by-predictor-by-survey, we find that we cannot reject the null hypothesis that trends over time and across subpopulations in reporting of sexual orientation were statistically equivalent for the two survey programs.
Morphology reflects differently the various facets of species traits in stream fish
Authors: Côte Jessica , Kuczynski Lucie , Grenouillet Gaël 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBiodiversity is a multifaceted concept for which the functional component, that influences many aspects of ecosystem functioning, remains difficult to characterise. In several taxa, many studies rely on morphological traits as proxies of species ecological attributes. However, the extent to which morphology provides a good surrogate of ecological traits has rarely been acknowledged.Here, we used morphological and ecological trait databases to test whether morphological traits are linked to ecological traits and can be used to assess various biodiversity facets in 254 stream fish communities across France.We firstly computed co‐inertia analyses to test the association between morphological and ecological traits related to either habitat use, feeding or life‐history strategies. We then computed a suite of diversity indices to investigate the relationship between morphological and ecological indices.We found a strong association between morphological and ecological traits, and significant relationships between diversity indices computed on morphological and ecological traits. However, these relationships varied according to the index and type of ecological traits, with the strongest relationship observed with traits related to habitat use.Although these results highlight that the use of morphological data is a promising way to understand ecological diversity, they also reveal that the choice of diversity index and the type of ecological traits targeted are particularly important and need to be taken into consideration.