bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Topological properties accurately predict cell division events and organization of shoot apical meristem in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Matz Timon W. , Wang Yang , Kulshreshtha Ritika , Sampathkumar Arun , Nikoloski Zoran 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Cell division and the resulting changes to the cell organization affect the shape and functionality of all tissues. Thus, understanding the determinants of the tissue-wide changes imposed by cell division is a key question in developmental biology. Here, we use a network representation of live cell imaging data from shoot apical meristems (SAMs) in Arabidopsis thaliana to predict cell division events and their consequences at the tissue level. We show that a support vector machine classifier based on the SAM network properties is predictive of cell division events, with test accuracy of 76%, which matches that based on cell size alone. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the combination of topological and biological properties, including cell size, perimeter, distance and shared cell wall between cells, can further boost the prediction accuracy of resulting changes in topology triggered by cell division. Using our classifiers, we demonstrate the importance of microtubule-mediated cell-to-cell growth coordination in influencing tissue-level topology. Together, the results from our network-based analysis demonstrate a feedback mechanism between tissue topology and cell division in A. thaliana SAMs.
Patient-associated mutations in Drosophila Alk perturb neuronal differentiation and promote survival
Authors: Pfeifer Kathrin , Wolfstetter Georg , Anthonydhason Vimala , Masudi Tafheem , Arefin Badrul , Bemark Mats , Mendoza-Garcia Patricia , Palmer Ruth H. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Activating anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) mutations occur in pediatric neuroblastoma and are associated with poor prognosis. To study ALK-activating mutations in a genetically controllable system, we employed CRIPSR/Cas9, incorporating orthologs of the human oncogenic mutations ALKF1174L and ALKY1278S in the Drosophila Alk locus. AlkF1251L and AlkY1355S mutant Drosophila exhibited enhanced Alk signaling phenotypes, but unexpectedly depended on the Jelly belly (Jeb) ligand for activation. Both AlkF1251L and AlkY1355S mutant larval brains displayed hyperplasia, represented by increased numbers of Alk-positive neurons. Despite this hyperplasic phenotype, no brain tumors were observed in mutant animals. We showed that hyperplasia in Alk mutants was not caused by significantly increased rates of proliferation, but rather by decreased levels of apoptosis in the larval brain. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we identified perturbations during temporal fate specification in AlkY1355S mutant mushroom body lineages. These findings shed light on the role of Alk in neurodevelopmental processes and highlight the potential of Alk-activating mutations to perturb specification and promote survival in neuronal lineages.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Kctd7 deficiency induces myoclonic seizures associated with Purkinje cell death and microvascular defects
Authors: Liang Justine H. , Alevy Jonathan , Akhanov Viktor , Seo Ryan , Massey Cory A. , Jiang Danye , Zhou Joy , Sillitoe Roy V. , Noebels Jeffrey L. , Samuel Melanie A. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Mutations in the potassium channel tetramerization domain-containing 7 (KCTD7) gene are associated with a severe neurodegenerative phenotype characterized by childhood onset of progressive and intractable myoclonic seizures accompanied by developmental regression. KCTD7-driven disease is part of a large family of progressive myoclonic epilepsy syndromes displaying a broad spectrum of clinical severity. Animal models of KCTD7-related disease are lacking, and little is known regarding how KCTD7 protein defects lead to epilepsy and cognitive dysfunction. We characterized Kctd7 expression patterns in the mouse brain during development and show that it is selectively enriched in specific regions as the brain matures. We further demonstrate that Kctd7-deficient mice develop seizures and locomotor defects with features similar to those observed in human KCTD7-associated diseases. We also show that Kctd7 is required for Purkinje cell survival in the cerebellum and that selective degeneration of these neurons is accompanied by defects in cerebellar microvascular organization and patterning. Taken together, these results define a new model for KCTD7-associated epilepsy and identify Kctd7 as a modulator of neuron survival and excitability linked to microvascular alterations in vulnerable regions.
Internet Governance Through Site Shutdowns: The Impact of Shutting Down Two Major Commercial Sex Advertising Sites
Authors: Zeng Helen Shuxuan , Danaher Brett , Smith Michael D. 
Published: August 2022

In the two weeks after the U.S. Congress passed a package of anti-sex trafficking bills on March 21, 2018, two of the largest online commercial sex advertising platforms ceased operation. On March 23, Craigslist voluntarily removed their personals section, which had been dominated by advertisements for commercial sex. And on April 6, the Department of Justice seized Backpage.com, the largest online platform for commercial sex advertisements. Our research examines the impact of these shutdowns on a variety of important outcome variables, notably prostitution arrests and violence against women—variables that the prior literature has shown were impacted by the introduction of commercial sex advertising platforms. We employ a generalized difference-in-differences model by exploiting cross-city variation in the preshutdown usage of the two shuttered sites. We find no causal effect of the shutdowns on any of the outcome variables we measure. Further analysis suggests that these null results are likely due to the fluidity of online markets. Our data show that the majority of advertisers and users of Backpage and Craigslist’s personals quickly moved to other (often off-shore) commercial sex advertising portals. Our results highlight the challenges that governments face in reducing online sex trafficking, as the market for commercial sex advertising appears agile enough to quickly disperse to offshore sites after a few popular domestic sites are shut down. Our results have general implications for the governance of other illegal activities online. This paper was accepted by D. J. Wu, information systems. Supplemental Material: Data and the online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4498 .
Geometric manifestation led optical beam shaping in one-dimensional photonic crystals
Authors: Mondal Abhishek , Sharma Shailja , Das Ritwick 
Published: August 2022

The transmission of light through a periodically stratified medium such as a photonic crystal (PC) results in acquiring a “quantized” geometric phase, which is also known as a “topological phase.” This gives rise to the possibility of structuring optical beams through an appropriate experimental design. In addition, the broad transmission spectral bands of a PC provides a versatile platform for structuring optical beams over broad spectral bandwidth. Here, we present a simple and flexible route to generate first-order Hermite–Gaussian, i.e.,

H
G

01

or

H
G

10

, beams utilizing the light transmitted from conventional one-dimensional PCs and provide a theoretical insight using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD)-based simulations. We also show that the technique could be employed for achieving beam structuring in reflected light beams, and consequently, it provides a plausible route for wavefront shaping involving high optical power.
Ultra-high-linearity integrated lithium niobate electro-optic modulators
Authors: Feng Hanke , Zhang Ke , Sun Wenzhao , Ren Yangming , Zhang Yiwen , Zhang Wenfu , Wang Cheng 
Published: August 2022

Integrated lithium niobate (LN) photonics is a promising platform for future chip-scale microwave photonics systems owing to its unique electro-optic properties, low optical loss, and excellent scalability. A key enabler for such systems is a highly linear electro-optic modulator that could faithfully convert analog electrical signals into optical signals. In this work, we demonstrate a monolithic integrated LN modulator with an ultra-high spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) of

120.04

dB
·

Hz

4
/
5

at 1 GHz, using a ring-assisted Mach–Zehnder interferometer configuration. The excellent synergy between the intrinsically linear electro-optic response of LN and an optimized linearization strategy allows us to fully suppress the cubic terms of third-order intermodulation distortions (IMD3) without active feedback controls, leading to

∼
20

dB

improvement over previous results in the thin-film LN platform. Our ultra-high-linearity LN modulators could become a core building block for future large-scale functional microwave photonic integrated circuits by further integration with other high-performance components like low-loss delay lines, tunable filters, and phase shifters available on the LN platform.
Si-substrate vertical-structure InGaN/GaN micro-LED-based photodetector for beyond 10  Gbps visible light communication
Authors: Shi Jianyang , Xu Zengyi , Niu Wenqing , Li Dong , Wu Xiaoming , Li Ziwei , Zhang Junwen , Shen Chao , Wang Guangxu , Wang Xiaolan , Zhang Jianli , Jiang Fengyi , Yu Shaohua , Chi Nan 
Published: August 2022

Visible light communication (VLC) has emerged as a promising communication method in 6G. However, the development of receiving devices is much slower than that of transmitting devices, limited by materials, structures, and fabrication. In this paper, we propose and fabricate an InGaN/GaN multiple-quantum-well-based vertical-structure micro-LED-based photodetector (μPD) on a Si substrate. A comprehensive comparison of the photoelectrical performance and communication performance of three sizes of μPDs, 10, 50, and 100 μm, is presented. The peak responsivity of all three μPDs is achieved at 400 nm, while the passband full-widths at half maxima are 87, 72, and 78 nm for 10, 50, and 100 μm μPDs, respectively. The

−
20

dB

cutoff bandwidth is up to 822 MHz for 50 μm μPD. A data rate of 10.14 Gbps is experimentally demonstrated by bit and power loading discrete multitone modulation and the proposed digital pre-equalizer algorithm over 1 m free space utilizing the self-designed

4
×
4

50 μm μPD array as a receiver and a 450 nm laser diode as a transmitter. This is the first time a more than 10 Gbps VLC system has been achieved utilizing a GaN-based micro-PD, to the best of our knowledge. The investigation fully demonstrates the superiority of Si substrates and vertical structures in InGaN/GaN μPDs and shows its great potential for high-speed VLC links beyond 10 Gbps.
Establishment of an early diagnosis model of colon cancerous bowel obstruction based on 1H NMR
Authors: Zeng Jie , Peng Jin , Jiang Hua , Deng Pengchi , Li Kexun , Long Daolin , Wang Kai 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo prospectively establish an early diagnosis model of acute colon cancerous bowel obstruction by applying nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy(1H NMR) technology based metabolomics methods, combined with machine learning.MethodsIn this study, serum samples of 71 patients with acute bowel obstruction requiring emergency surgery who were admitted to the Emergency Department of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital from December 2018 to November 2020 were collected within 2 hours after admission, and NMR spectroscopy data was taken after pretreatment. After postoperative pathological confirmation, they were divided into colon cancerous bowel obstruction (CBO) group and adhesive bowel obstruction (ABO) control group. Used MestReNova software to extract the two sets of spectra bins, and used the MetaboAnalyst5.0 website to perform partial least square discrimination (PLS-DA), combining the human metabolome database (HMDB) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) to find possible different Metabolites and related metabolic pathways.Results22 patients were classified as CBO group and 30 were classified as ABO control group. Compared with ABO group, the level of Xanthurenic acid, 3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid, Gentisic acid, Salicyluric acid, Ferulic acid, Kynurenic acid, CDP, Mandelic acid, NADPH, FAD, Phenylpyruvate, Allyl isothiocyanate, and Vanillylmandelic acid increased in the CBO group; while the lecel of L-Tryptophan and Bilirubin decreased. There were significant differences between two groups in the tryptophan metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, glutathione metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism and synthesis pathways of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan (all P<0.05). Tryptophan metabolism pathway had the greatest impact (Impact = 0.19). The early diagnosis model of colon cancerous bowel was established based on the levels of six metabolites: Xanthurenic acid, 3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid, Gentisic acid, Salicylic acid, Ferulic acid and Kynurenic acid (R2 = 0.995, Q2 = 0.931, RMSE = 0.239, AUC = 0.962).ConclusionThis study firstly used serum to determine the difference in metabolome between patients with colon cancerous bowel obstruction and those with adhesive bowel obstruction. The study found that the metabolic information carried by the serum was sufficient to discriminate the two groups of patients and provided the theoretical supporting for the future using of the more convenient sample for the differential diagnosis of patients with colon cancerous bowel obstruction. Quantitative experiments on a large number of samples were still needed in the future.
The Global Network Socioeconomic Status Index as a predictor of stillbirths, perinatal mortality, and neonatal mortality in rural communities in low and lower middle income country sites of the Global Network for Women’s and Children’s Health Research
Authors: Patel Archana B. , Bann Carla M. , Kolhe Cherryl S. , Lokangaka Adrien , Tshefu Antoinette , Bauserman Melissa , Figueroa Lester , Krebs Nancy F. , Esamai Fabian , Bucher Sherri , Saleem Sarah , Goldenberg Robert L. , Chomba Elwyn , Carlo Waldemar A. , Goudar Shivaprasad , Derman Richard J. , Koso-Thomas Marion , McClure Elizabeth M. , Hibberd Patricia L. 
Published: August 2022

Background
Globally, socioeconomic status (SES) is an important health determinant across a range of health conditions and diseases. However, measuring SES within low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) can be particularly challenging given the variation and diversity of LMIC populations.

Objective
The current study investigates whether maternal SES as assessed by the newly developed Global Network-SES Index is associated with pregnancy outcomes (stillbirths, perinatal mortality, and neonatal mortality) in six LMICs: Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guatemala, India, Kenya, Pakistan, and Zambia.

Methods
The analysis included data from 87,923 women enrolled in the Maternal and Newborn Health Registry of the NICHD-funded Global Network for Women’s and Children’s Health Research. Generalized estimating equations models were computed for each outcome by SES level (high, moderate, or low) and controlling for site, maternal age, parity, years of schooling, body mass index, and facility birth, including sampling cluster as a random effect.

Results
Women with low SES had significantly higher risks for stillbirth (p < 0.001), perinatal mortality (p = 0.001), and neonatal mortality (p = 0.005) than women with high SES. In addition, those with moderate SES had significantly higher risks of stillbirth (p = 0.003) and perinatal mortality (p = 0.008) in comparison to those with high SES.

Conclusion
The SES categories were associated with pregnancy outcomes, supporting the validity of the index as a non–income-based measure of SES for use in studies of pregnancy outcomes in LMICs.
The Association Between Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Use and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Exacerbations: A True Association or Residual Bias?
Authors: Cohen-Mekelburg Shirley , Van Tony , Wallace Beth , Berinstein Jeff , Yu Xianshi , Lewis James , Hou Jason , Dominitz Jason A. , Waljee Akbar K. 
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Studies suggest that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) may contribute to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) exacerbations. We examined whether variation in the likelihood of IBD exacerbations is attributable to NSAID.

METHODS:
In a cohort of patients with IBD (2004–2015), we used 3 analytic methods to examine the likelihood of an exacerbation after an NSAID exposure. First, we matched patients by propensity for NSAID use and examined the association between NSAID exposure and IBD exacerbation using an adjusted Cox proportional hazards model. To assess for residual confounding, we estimated a previous event rate ratio and used a self-controlled case series analysis to further explore the relationship between NSAID and IBD exacerbations.

RESULTS:
We identified 15,705 (44.8%) and 19,326 (55.2%) IBD patients with and without an NSAID exposure, respectively. Findings from the Cox proportional hazards model suggested an association between NSAID and IBD exacerbation (hazard ratio 1.24; 95% confidence interval 1.16–1.33). However, the likelihood of an IBD exacerbation in the NSAID-exposed arm preceding NSAID exposure was similar (hazard ratio 1.30; 95% confidence interval 1.21–1.39). A self-controlled case series analysis of 3,968 patients who had both an NSAID exposure and IBD exacerbation demonstrated similar exacerbation rates in the 1 year preceding exposure, 2–6 weeks postexposure, and 6 weeks to 6 months postexposure, but a higher incidence in 0–2 weeks postexposure, suggesting potential confounding by reverse causality.

DISCUSSION:
While we see an association between NSAID and IBD exacerbations using traditional methods, further analysis suggests this may be secondary to residual bias. These findings may reassure patients and clinicians considering NSAID as a nonopioid pain management option.
An Endoscopic and Histologic Study on Healing of Radiofrequency Ablation Wounds in Patients With Barrett's Esophagus
Authors: Konda Vani , Souza Rhonda F. , Dunbar Kerry B. , Mills Jason C. , Kim Daniel S. , Odze Robert D. , Spechler Stuart J. 
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of Barrett's esophagus (BE) inflicts a wound spanning 3 epithelial types (stratified squamous, Barrett's metaplasia, gastric epithelium), yet the esophageal injury heals almost completely with squamous epithelium. Knowledge of how this unique wound heals might elucidate mechanisms underlying esophageal metaplasia. We aimed to prospectively and systematically characterize the early endoscopic and histologic features of RFA wound healing.

METHODS:
Patients with nondysplastic BE had endoscopy with systematic esophageal photographic mapping, biopsy, and volumetric laser endomicroscopy performed before and at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after RFA.

RESULTS:
Seven patients (6 men; mean age 56.1 ± 10.9 years) completed this study. Squamous re-epithelialization of RFA wounds did not only progress exclusively through squamous cells extending from the proximal wound edge but also progressed through islands of squamous epithelium sprouting throughout the ablated segment. Volumetric laser endomicroscopy revealed significant post-RFA increases in subepithelial glandular structures associated with the squamous islands. In 2 patients, biopsies of such islands revealed newly forming squamous epithelium contiguous with immature-appearing squamous cells arising from esophageal submucosal gland ducts. Subsquamous intestinal metaplasia (SSIM) was found in biopsies at 2 and/or 4 weeks after RFA in 6 of 7 patients.

DISCUSSION:
RFA wounds in BE are re-epithelialized, not just by squamous cells from the proximal wound margin but by scattered squamous islands in which esophageal submucosal gland duct cells seem to redifferentiate into the squamous progenitors that fuel squamous re-epithelialization. SSIM can be found in most patients during the healing process. We speculate that this SSIM might underlie Barrett's recurrences after apparently successful eradication.
Low Performance of Hepatitis Delta Virus Testing Among 2 National Cohorts of Chronic Hepatitis B Patients in the United States
Authors: Wong Robert J. , Kaufman Harvey W. , Niles Justin K. , Chen Cheng , Yang Zeyuan , Kapoor Hema , Cheung Ramsey , Gish Robert G. 
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTION:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate hepatitis delta virus (HDV) testing patterns among US adults with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).

METHODS:
HDV testing was evaluated among CHB patients using Quest Diagnostics (2016–2020) and Veterans Affairs (2010–2020) data.

RESULTS:
Among 157,333 CHB patients (Quest), 6.7% received HDV testing, among which 2.2% were positive. HDV testing was higher in male patients, younger individuals, and patients with advanced liver disease. Among 12,002 CHB patients (Veterans Affairs), 19.7% received HDV testing, among which 3.1% were positive. HDV testing was higher in younger individuals and Asians.

DISCUSSION:
Low HDV testing was observed among 2 large US cohorts of adults with CHB.
Vector correlation learning and pairwise optimization feature selection for false data injection attack detection in smart grid
Authors: Xing Ziya , Liu Boyu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper mainly studies vector-related learning and pairwise optimization feature selection for false data injection attack detection in smart grid. In order to provide experimental detection of false data injection attacks, this article will conduct a detailed analysis of the power system segmentation. This paper comprehensively considers the similarity of nodes, security control and confidentiality strategies to complete the optimal partition. Next, we preprocess the measurement data. In order to improve the adaptability of the algorithm structure to the grid structure and further improve the accuracy and convergence speed of the algorithm output, a differential evolution algorithm with swarm intelligence is proposed. Obtain a higher-precision state estimate useful for detecting bad data. In the experiment of this article, if false data account for 20% of all data, the detection accuracy exceeds 75%. As the number of experimental groups increases, the detection accuracy of only one type of false data that does not meet the rules will continue to increase, but the detection accuracy of other types of false data will not change much, but the overall detection accuracy will become higher. Experimental results show that the detection framework can not only effectively detect and identify false data injection attacks on multiple bus nodes, but also has high detection accuracy and can effectively recover false data.
Effect of metal layer height on heat transfer inside molten pool
Authors: Liu Chang , Ma Pengfei , Liu Hui , Liu Yan , Zhao Danting , Lei Yudian , Zhou Yuxuan , Xue Jiyuan , Huang Zijing , Cao Liuxuan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In a serious accident, after the core of a nuclear reactor melts and collapses, In-Vessel Retention in the External Reactor Vessel Cooling (IVR-ERVC) is an effective technology to maintain the integrity of lower head by reducing heat load on it. The various factors affecting the melting of the lower head have been widely studied. The mass of the molten metal layer may affect the consequences of the accident, since it is where the focusing effect occurs. However, the related research is still absent. In this paper, we systematically calculated the heat transfer behavior and melting process under different metal layer heights conditions. The temperature distribution, the velocity distribution, the heat flux of the outer wall of the Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV), and the change of the thickness of the RPV were obtained through Large Eddy Simulation (LES). Interestingly, the heat flux increases with the metal layer height at first and achieve the maximum in the middle height. These results increase the understanding towards the serious accidents.