bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Educational Review: Error traps in anesthesia for pediatric liver transplantation
Authors: Ballard Heather A. , Jones Elin , Malavazzi Clemente Marcella M. , Damian Daniela , Kovatsis Pete G. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAnesthetic and surgical techniques for the liver transplantation have progressed considerably over the past sixty years; however, this procedure is still fraught with substantial morbidity. To increase the safety culture associated with the liver transplantation, we detail nine error traps associated with anesthesia for pediatric liver transplantation. These potential pitfalls are divided into the operative phases: pre‐operative preparation (Failure to have a dedicated anesthesia team for pediatric liver transplantation); pre‐anhepatic (Failure to prepare for massive blood loss, Failure to monitor for coagulation abnormalities); anhepatic including reperfusion (Failure to prepare for clamping of the inferior vena cava, Failure to recognize metabolic changes, Failure to maintain homeostasis for reperfusion, Failure to prepare for Post‐reperfusion syndrome); and post‐anhepatic (Failure to optimize liver perfusion, Failure to maintain hemostatic balance). By offering practical advice on the preparation and treatment of these error traps, we aim to better prepare anesthesiologists to take care of pediatric patients undergoing the liver transplantation.
Supplemental intraoperative crystalloids for pediatric postoperative nausea and vomiting—A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Puri Sunaakshi , Bandyopadhyay Anjishnujit , Ashok Vighnesh 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPostoperative nausea and/or vomiting is a relatively frequent occurrence after general anesthesia in pediatric patients. Supplemental perioperative crystalloid fluid administration has been shown to have a positive effect on the incidence of nausea and/or vomiting in adults undergoing surgery. The question arises whether supplemental intraoperative intravenous fluids in pediatric patients offers beneficial results with regards to pediatric postoperative nausea and/or vomiting.MethodsPubmed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Web of Science were searched up to March 2022 to perform a systematic review with meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials involving patients ≤18 years undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia, with one group receiving conventional intraoperative fluids therapy and the other group receiving supplemental intraoperative fluid therapy, with intravenous crystalloids. The outcomes included incidence of postoperative vomiting, postoperative nausea and vomiting, the need for rescue anti‐emetics, postoperative thirst, and adverse events attributed to supplemental intravenous fluid therapy. Relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported for the outcomes using a random or fixed effects model.ResultsSeven randomized controlled trials (864 patients) were included in the final analysis. Supplemental intraoperative crystalloids reduce postoperative vomiting (RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.39–0.80; p = .001), postoperative nausea and vomiting (RR 0.52, 95% CI 0.37–0.74; p = .0003), postoperative thirst (RR 0.21, 95% CI 0.13,0.34; p < .01), and the need for rescue anti‐emetics postoperatively (RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.49–0.74; p = .00001).ConclusionSupplemental intraoperative intravenous crystalloids significantly reduce several PONV outcomes in healthy children undergoing relatively simple and superficial surgeries under volatile agent‐based general anesthesia.
Compatibility levels between blood gas analysis and central laboratory hemoglobin and electrolyte tests in pediatric patients: A single‐center experience
Authors: Konuksever Dilek , Yucel Sevinc Puren , Bölük Oğuz , Kılıç Betül Orhan , Taşar Medine Ayşin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionWe aimed to evaluate the interchangeability of sodium, potassium, hemoglobin, and hematocrit measurement between the blood gas analyzers and laboratory automatic analyzers results.MethodsThis was a retrospective cross‐sectional study. The results of 1927 paired samples analyzed simultaneously with the blood gas analyzer and the laboratory automatic analyzer were compared. The Bland–Altman and Cohen's kappa statistic detected the agreement between the two analyses.ResultsThe limits of agreement (±1.96 standard deviation of the mean difference) were −11.1 to 20.3 for sodium, −1.9 to 0.5 for potassium, −16.1 to 12.9 for hematocrit, and −5.0 to 4.0 for hemoglobin. Agreement between the two analyses was not acceptable within the defined clinically acceptable limits. In addition, none of the kappa values were higher than 0.60, which highlights the lack of agreement between the two analyzers.ConclusionThe blood gas analyzers and laboratory automatic analyzers results cannot be used interchangeably.
From Molecules to Perception: Philosophical Investigations of Smell
Authors: Barwich Ann‐Sophie , Smith Barry C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTheories of perception have traditionally dismissed the sense of smell as a notoriously variable and highly subjective sense, mainly because it does not easily fit into accounts of perception based on visual experience. So far, philosophical questions about the objects of olfactory perception have started by considering the nature of olfactory experience. However, there is no philosophically neutral or agreed conception of olfactory experience: it all depends on what one thinks odors are. We examine the existing philosophical methodology for addressing our sense of smell: on the one hand appeals to phenomenology that focus on the experiential dimensions of odor perception and on the other approaches that look at odor sources and their material dimensions. We show that neither strategy provides enough information to account for the human sense of smell and argue that the inclusion of the missing dimension of biology, with its concern for the function (or functions) of olfaction, provides the means to develop a satisfactory and empirically informed philosophy of smell.
The drive to sustainability: A way in which local initiatives diffuse internationally
Authors: Ruiz‐Campillo Xira 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article examines how local initiatives can gain international visibility and recognition as well as how they can diffuse to other cities. It explores the leadership of the mayors of Bogotá, Stockholm, and Portland, but also how there were specific contexts that favored the transformations of these cities. The work uses Finnemore and Sikkink's norm “life cycle” and Gilardi's diffusion models to explain how local initiatives and policies were promoted using the C40 network as a platform to diffuse practices on climate action and sustainable development. The research undertaken points to a similar pattern through which local policies get international resonance: after initial leadership arises at the local level to promote local policies, international visibility is gained through the winning of awards and the promotion of such policies within the C40. Learning, emulation, and competition are identified as mechanisms through which diffusion occurs.Related ArticlesTran, Carolyn‐Thi Thanh Dung, and Brian Dollery. 2022. “Administrative Intensity and Financial Sustainability: An Empirical Analysis of the Victorian Local Government System.”Politics & Policy50(3): 540–61.https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12466.Villanueva Ulfgard, Rebecka. 2019. “Mexico's Struggle with Development between Global Compromises and National Development Plans.”Politics & Policy47(1): 50–78.https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12288.Wallis, Joe Tor Brodtkorb, Brian Dollery, and Muiris MacCarthaigh. 2017. “Commissions and Local Government Reform: Expressed Leadership Identities of Commissioners in Inquiries Proposing Municipal Mergers in Northern Ireland and New South Wales.”Politics & Policy45(2): 285–308.https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12199.
Fairness and close personal relationships
Authors: Newey Charlotte A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper argues that close personal relationships play an important role in our judgments about what is fair. I start with an explanation of leading theories of fairness, highlighting the potential for further work on the grounds of fairness. Next, I offer an account of close personal relationships as having the ability to generate legitimate and reasonable expectations of one or other party to a judgment about fairness, or both. I show how and when close personal relationships can ground fairness.
Contourite on the Limpopo Corridor, Mozambique margin: Long‐term evolution, facies distribution and Plio‐Quaternary processes
Authors: Babonneau Nathalie , Raisson François , Genêt Adrien , Lopes Ugo , Fierens Ruth , Miramontes Elda , Révillon Sidonie , Rabineau Marina , Droz Laurence , Belleney Deborah , Moulin Maryline , Aslanian Daniel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBottom currents are key processes that contribute to the shaping of submarine slopes, with the redistribution of sediments in contourite systems. Despite numerous recent studies on contourite systems, the complexity and diversity of these sedimentary systems are still not fully understood and often underestimated. Their understanding requires comprehensive works integrating all scales from seismic architecture to microfacies. This paper focuses on a contouritic ridge located between 2000 m and 2500 m water depth on the Mozambique margin. Bathymetry, seismic data and piston cores collected during the PAMELA‐MOZ3 cruise allow a multi‐scale study from large depositional geometries to sedimentary facies. At the seismic scale, the contouritic ridge shows three stages of evolution with: (i) initiation and development of the drift/moat system; (ii) an intermediate stage with successive incisions and aggradations; and (iii) moat infill and drift erosion during the Plio‐Quaternary. Plio‐Quaternary deposits are composed of hemipelagic, turbiditic and contouritic facies filling the moat. Coarse‐grained contouritic facies, dominated by planktonic foraminifera, are identified on the western flank of the ridge between the moat infill and the erosional area at the top of the ridge. They consist of condensed deposits, with sedimentation rate about 0.3 cm/ka, indicating a strong and stable bottom current that winnows away the fine‐grained component. This facies could be present more generally in an intermediate position between erosion and depositional areas in contourite systems. At present, the contourite system is located at the transition depth between North Atlantic Deep Water and Antarctic Intermediate Water. Trajectories of bottom currents are complex and interact with sporadic turbidity currents and anti‐clockwise eddies that participate in reshaping the sea floor morphology. Although Plio‐Quaternary depositional geometries indicate the end of drift/moat development, the moat filling and drift erosion are also related to bottom currents and constitute atypical contouritic sedimentation.
Assessment of polymicrobial interactions in bacterial isolates from transfused platelet units associated with sepsis
Authors: Kerantzas Christopher A. , Merwede Jacob , Snyder Edward L. , Hendrickson Jeanne E. , Tormey Christopher A. , Kazmierczak Barbara I. , Peaper David R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn 2019 the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported a series of 4 transfusion reactions that resulted from contamination of apheresis platelet products. Products involved in all 4 cases were contaminated with Acinetobacter calcoaceticus‐baumannii complex (ACBC) and in 3 products Staphylococcus saprophyticus was found as well. CDC investigation found that bacterial isolates from the cases were genetically related and suggested a common source of contamination. The contamination of blood products with ACBC is rare and polymicrobial contamination of blood products even less common. ACBC and S. saprophyticus have been observed to adhere to one another and sediment out of suspension in vitro, a process referred to as coaggregation, and we hypothesized that there was an interaction between the strains from these cases that contributed to their co‐contamination of blood products.Study design and methodsTo test the hypothesis of bacterial interaction, we performed coaggregation experiments and observed the growth characteristics of ACBC and S. saprophyticus strains recovered from contaminated blood products involved in a subset of the CDC cases.ResultsAn increase in S. saprophyticus CFU concentration was observed after several days of co‐culture with ACBC in LB and plasma; however, no other findings suggested coaggregation or augmentative growth interaction between the bacterial strains.ConclusionUltimately, an interaction between ACBC and S. saprophyticus that could help explain their co‐occurrence and growth in contaminated platelet units was not found; however future studies of potential interactions may be warranted.
Surgical complications following sentinel lymph node biopsy guided by γ‐probe and methylene blue in 113 tumour‐bearing dogs
Authors: Chiti Lavinia Elena , Gariboldi Elisa Maria , Ferrari Roberta , Luconi Ester , Boracchi Patrizia , De Zani Donatella , Zani Davide , Manfredi Martina , Spediacci Carlotta , Grieco Valeria , Giudice Chiara , Recordati Camilla , Ferrari Francesco , Stefanello Damiano 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is an accepted veterinary surgical procedure given the impact of early detection of nodal metastases on staging of several canine malignancies. This study aims at reporting the incidence and risk factors for surgical complications of SLNB in tumour‐bearing dogs. A total of 113 client‐owned dogs that underwent tumour excision and SLNB guided by γ‐probing and blue dye were retrospectively enrolled. Recorded variables included: signalment, location and number of extirpated lymphocenters and nodes, time for SLNB, histopathological status of excised nodes. Incidence of SLNB complications was calculated. They were classified as minor and major based on severity and required treatment, and as short‐term (0–30 days) and long‐term (31–90 days). Univariate analysis with generalized linear model with binomial error estimated the association between variables and incidence of SLNB complications. Significance was set at 5%. Median overall time for SLNB was 25 min. Surgeons excised one node in 38% of dogs and multiple nodes in 62% of cases, belonging to one (62%) or multiple (38%) lymphocenters. Metastases were detected in 45% of nodes. No intraoperative complications occurred. The overall incidence of postoperative complications of SLNB was 21,24%, the majority of which (91.67%) were minor. Only increasing dogs' weight was associated with an increased incidence of SLNB complications (p = .00976). Sentinel lymphadenectomy was associated with a relatively low incidence of complications, most of which were self‐limiting. The low morbidity and previously reported impact on staging of SLNB justify its implementation to collect data for prognostic studies.
Motoneuron excitability dysfunction in ALS: Pseudo‐mystery or authentic conundrum?
Authors: Elbasiouny Sherif M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), abnormalities in motoneuronal excitability are seen in early pathogenesis and throughout disease progression. Fully understanding motoneuron excitability dysfunction may lead to more effective treatments. Yet decades of research have not produced consensus on the nature, role or underlying mechanisms of motoneuron excitability dysfunction in ALS. For example, contrary to Ca excitotoxicity theory, predictions of motoneuronal hyper‐excitability, normal and hypo‐excitability have also been seen at various disease stages and in multiple ALS lines. Accordingly, motoneuron excitability dysfunction in ALS is a disputed topic in the field. Specifically, the form (hyper, hypo or unchanged) and what role excitability dysfunction plays in the disease (pathogenic or downstream of other pathologies; neuroprotective or detrimental) are currently unclear. Although several motoneuron properties that determine cellular excitability change in the disease, some of these changes are pro‐excitable, whereas others are anti‐excitable, making dynamic fluctuations in overall ‘net’ excitability highly probable. Because various studies assess excitability via differing methods and at differing disease stages, the conflicting reports in the literature are not surprising. Hence, the overarching process of excitability degradation and motoneuron degeneration is not fully understood. Consequently, the discrepancies on motoneuron excitability dysfunction in the literature represent a substantial barrier to our understanding of the disease. Emerging studies suggest that biological variables, variations in experimental protocols, issues of rigor and sampling/analysis strategies are key factors that may underlie conflicting data in the literature. This review highlights potential confounding factors for researchers to consider and also offers ideas on avoiding pitfalls and improving robustness of data.
image
How to Test the Operation and Monitoring of Critical Wastewater Infrastructure in a Laboratory Environment
Authors: Tilcher David Konstantin , Bölter Christopher , Mühlefeldt Max , Thamsen Paul Uwe 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Increasing urbanization and the effects of climate change pose new challenges to our wastewater systems. One way to meet these challenges is to develop new control approaches. However, testing these approaches in real infrastructure is not easy: since wastewater systems are critical infrastructure, trouble-free operation is essential and renders the testing of new approaches as high-risk propositions.
Against this background, the idea of building a pumping station arose, allowing for operations in a laboratory environment and the testing of various control methods. At the same time, a digital twin was developed for the pumping station, creating a virtual image that is as close to reality as possible. The virtual image enables new control methods to be tested and their potential to be investigated in a time-efficient manner without the need for costly conversion measures.
Finally, coupling virtual and real pumping stations opens the possibility to test prediction-based control systems that simulate operating modes, based on a forecast and applicable quasi-simultaneously at the real pumping station.
The research results obtained in this way can be used as a basis for implementing new control methods in real infrastructure and as a demonstrator for potential interested parties (e.g. sewage network operators).
Study on the Entrainment Behaviors of the Droplet Jet Between Plates Considering the Hydrophobicity of the Plate
Authors: Wang Guanghang , Huang Jian , Wang Jingzhu , Wang Yiwei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A high-speed jet is formed when a pulse force acts on a concave interface of the liquid, which is due to the focus of the momentum on the center of curvature of the interface. We also found that there are fascinating jets in the experiments with a pulse acceleration imposed on the convex liquid interface while the arrangement is limited between two parallel panels. The mechanism of the convex interface jets is analyzed experimentally and numerically in this paper. A droplet with a diameter of approximately 12 mm is generated between two 0.8-mm spacing parallel plates coated with hydrophobic materials. A pulsed laser is focused at the center of the droplet through a convex lens to generate pulsed bubbles so that the movement of the interface is accelerated. The evolution of the liquid jets is observed by high-speed photography. A high-precision numerical method of the interface is established based on the volume of fluid method (VOF) and large eddy simulation (LES), which is enabled to capture the gas-liquid interface and small-scale flow structures exactly. An intriguing jet close to the plate is observed while the concave interface only forms that near the centerline. A charming entrainment phenomenon captured in the development of the jets, is mainly related to the big difference (Δθ) in contact angles between two plates, with a phase diagram given in the present work. Finally, a discussion responding to the influence of different contact angles on the tip velocity of a jet is done, concluding that the jet velocity increases gradually with the enlargement of Δθ to some extent. In addition, the hydrophobic plate, which is regarded as a mirrored plane and reflects the momentum of the fluid, plays a significant role in the formation of hydrophobic jets as well. Our findings offer a new understanding both of the formation of jets and surface cleaning.
Diffuser Vane Slit Width Optimization Using Simple Prediction Method of Diffuser Rotating Stall Onset in a Centrifugal Pump
Authors: Takao Shunya , Nakayama Sota , Konno Shinichi , Fujishima Yasushi , Ejiri Shinichiro , Miyabe Masahiro 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The objective of this study is suppressing the diffuser rotating stall (DRS) for wide range from larger flow rate to shut off without reducing the maximum efficiency. Another objective is to confirm the effectiveness of the optimized diffuser vane slit by experiments and to clarify the mechanism of the DRS suppression by analyzing the flow in the vicinity of the slit, based on the Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) calculation results.
As a result of a multi-objective optimization for the diffuser vane slit, the slit width, W = 9mm was comprehensively determined. As for the pump performance test, the diffuser with the optimized vane slit showed the stable head-flow performance curve compared to the diffuser with the original vane. It was clarified that the DRS onset flow rate of optimized shape shifted lower than original shape. As a result, the flow rate of the DRS onset could be shifted to the lower flow rate by 12%, and the operating range could be widened, though the pump efficiency decreased by 2.7% at the design flow rate.
Validation of Low and High-Fidelity Turbulence Models for Prediction of Turbulent Heat Transfer in Low Prandtl Number Flows Under Buoyant and Separated Flow Conditions
Authors: El Mellouki Mohammed , Bhushan Shanti , Pilmaier Chris , Walters D. K. , Gorman Michael , Hollrah Brent , Hassan Y. A. , Merzari Elia , Obabko Aleksandr , Dzodzo M. B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The objective of this study is to assess the predictive capabilities of low and high-fidelity turbulence models for low-Prflows. For this purpose, predictions by two-equation (k-ε) Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS), partially-averaged Navier Stokes (PANS) hybrid RANS/Large Eddy Simulation (LES), and DSM, WALE, filtered LES models are compared for four different test cases, namely vertical channel flow, vertical backward facing step, flow over a rod bundle and heat transfer in ascending and descending flow through a pipe with a constant wall heat flux. The test cases involve a range of complex flow conditions including separation/reattachment and aiding and opposing buoyant forcing (Re ranging from 640 to 40K; Ri ranging from −0.65 to 0.65) for water (Pr = 0.71) and liquid metals (Pr = 0.00585 to 0.025) flows. The validation study demonstrates that turbulence models are 4% more accurate for higher Prflows that for low-Pr flows; 6% more accurate for forced convective conditions than for flows involving mixed convective conditions; and predict aiding buoyant flow conditions better than the opposing buoyant flow conditions. Overall, LES performed the best and provided averaged error of 6% followed by 10% by PANS and RANS showed the largest error of 14%.